bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental, analytical, and numerical analysis of perforation behavior of a novel hybrid composite sandwich panel
Authors: Pedram Ehsan , bayat Amar , Roostaie Mojtaba , Ahmadi Hamed , Fellows Neil , Liaghat Gholamhossein
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the phenomenon of high-velocity impact on a lightweight composite sandwich panel comprising of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) core and fiber metal laminate (FML) face skins. These experimental trials were explicitly designed to ascertain the ballistic limit velocity (BLV) of FML reinforced AAC subjecting to impact loading of a rigid flat-nosed projectile. In conjunction with experimental investigations, an analytical model based on closed-form solutions employing energy equations was meticulously developed to offer a deeper analysis of the impact event. This analysis encompassed the identification of various damage mechanisms that manifest during high-velocity impacts, including core crushing, tensile fracture, fiber breakage, delamination, plugging and the formation of petals. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis using dimensionless variables was employed to provide a more profound insight into the influence of diverse parameters such as the mass and initial velocity of the projectile. Additionally, three-dimensional finite element method (3D FEM) simulations via the Ls-Dyna package were carried out to estimate the effects of various projectile nose shapes on ballistic performance, failure modes, energy absorption (EA), and specific energy absorption (SEA) of the target. The simulations revealed that the projectile nose shape can induce various damage mechanisms within the FMLRAAC panel. During the impact process, the E glass/epoxy composite layer undergo matrix cracking, fiber breakage occurred along with delamination, and consequently, the Al skin underwent plastic deformations until this layer fractured permanently at the impact position. As a result insulating AAC in a sandwich structure between two FML face skins reproduce a significant strength and stability. Moreover, the manufacturing of FMLRAAC in construction is a simple process to promote its structural capability especially for hazardous environment as load bearing structural material.
Privacy Matters: Experiences of Rural and Remote Emergency Department Patients – A Mixed-Methods Research Conducted in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Authors: Geetha Manukumar Aswathy , Miller Matthew , Patey Christopher , Mariathas Hensley H , Rahimipour Anaraki Nahid , Walsh Anna , Hurley Oliver , Senior Dorothy , Etchegary Holly , Norman Paul , Wang Peter , Asghari Shabnam
Published: February 2025

Objectives:

This study aims to investigate patients’ privacy experience when receiving care in emergency departments (EDs) in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. We aim to assess the level of satisfaction with privacy and to assess for factors that improve or worsen the privacy experience, not limited to patient demographics, length of stay, and hospital location.

Methods:

This study used a mixed-methods design, gathering quantitative and qualitative data using a telephone survey and semi-structured interviews. Our primary outcome measure was patients’ privacy experience in the ED. The independent variables in our study were age, gender, ED location, patient-reported wait times, reason for ED visit, and healthcare provider involved in care.

Results:

Among the 821 patients who participated in the interviews, 1 in 4 patients (24%) did not have satisfactory ED privacy experiences. Multinominal logistic regression showed patients who waited 4+ hours before being examined by a provider [aOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17-0.69] and those who visited the urban EDs [aOR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.09-0.35] reported low levels of privacy. Furthermore, those whose overall length of stay was 4 to 8 hours [aOR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.23-0.84] and 8+ hours [aOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.17-0.78] also reported dissatisfaction with ED privacy experience. Our qualitative analysis found privacy concerns in waiting rooms, triage areas, and curtain rooms, with females voicing more concerns than males.

Conclusion:

Patients with longer wait times and who have been seen in urban EDs experience less privacy. Our qualitative data shows that women also raised more privacy concerns than men and that waiting rooms and triage areas are the locations with the most reported privacy concerns. Patient experience and outcomes would benefit from improving patient privacy when receiving care in EDs.
Race, rhetoric, and participatory capture in U.S. housing: A critical discourse analysis of community building in HOPE VI
Authors: Morris Christopher J
Published: February 2025

Participatory capture refers to the manner in which institutions and organizations engaged in participatory projects deploy participatory methods, however unintended, in ways that further endanger or disempower the most vulnerable participants. To further articulate this phenomenon, this article presents a critical discourse analysis of key documents associated with HOPE VI, a federal public housing program in the United States known for its emphasis on community participation amid antiblack power structures. The result of the analysis are two models of participatory engagement—deficit and governance—that facilitated HOPE VI’s participatory capture. Deficit models rely on participants who are discursively rendered as “inferior,” while governance models prioritize “token” participants at the expense of more robust participant feedback. Moreover, these models, in the context of the U.S., carry with them particularly racialized predicates that demonstrate potential perils of participation for low-income, marginalized communities. With implications for organizational communication, diversity initiatives, and community engagement, the analysis presented in this article offers researchers, organizers, and policymakers ways to continually evaluate the efficacy of participatory methods, especially in racialized or hierarchical contexts.
Anti-Blackness in Management and Organization Studies: Challenging Racial Capitalism in Organizing and Knowledge Production
Authors: Abdallah Chahrazad , Dar Sadhvi , Kalemba Joshua , Mir Ali
Published: February 2025

The papers in this special issue engage Black radical intellectual ideas to highlight the related concepts of anti-Blackness and racial capitalism. As such, these works challenge white supremacy in scholarship and beyond by providing case studies, interviews, essays, and theoretical explorations that center Black liberational thought and radical Black knowledge-making. Underpinning these efforts, is a commitment to challenge anti-Blackness in management and organization studies. Anti-Blackness is an organized and stubborn form of racism that targets Black communities by removing or denying their full humanity. In our introduction, we discuss the relationship between anti-Blackness and racial capitalism, and suggest that these are critical concepts for scholars of management and organization to meaningfully engage with. Racial capitalism has rapidly emerged over the last 10 years as a significant analytic of race and its materiality as a socioeconomic formation. We write this introduction to offer deeper insights into this concept and how its foundational ideas can be applied to current debates in the organization of scholarship, public policy, and corporate activity. Specifically, the special issue highlights the role of context and positionality in the formation of capitalism and urges scholars and activists to pay greater attention to how our analysis of race and capitalism must retain a focus on specific mechanisms and arrangements that shape these relations.
‘Rankings are all bullsh*t anyway, why not do my own?’: Vloggers and genre remediation
Authors: Van den Bossche Astrid , Brankovic Jelena , Hansen Morten
Published: February 2025

Rankings are a well-established genre for evaluating diverse phenomena, yet culturally resonant critiques of them are relatively rare. This paper examines how student vloggers on YouTube challenge and reinterpret university rankings through ‘tier list’ and ‘reaction’ videos, thereby shifting genre expectations. Through a move analysis of 30 such videos, we identify 3 rhetorical actions – making sense of ranking, audience interpellation and subverting the ranking genre – and discuss how the ranking’s remediation simultaneously rejects and reinforces hierarchy as the social form underlying it. This results in often humorous critiques where vloggers challenge ‘objective’ cardinal assumptions and posit rank as collaboratively constructed. Remediation in social media has the potential to not only make visible genre work performed by the genre’s discursive community, but in doing so also reconfigures the rhetorical premises that characterise the ranking genre in the first place.
Fleeting civilities: Narrative accounts from agents and migrants at the US-Mexico border
Authors: Armenta Amada , Vega Irene I.
Published: February 2025

This paper draws on interviews with Border Patrol agents and Mexican migrants to examine narrative accounts of humanitarian governance—instances where expected control and restriction are replaced with courtesy, humor, or kindness. Our respondents’ narratives cluster around three types of moments of fleeting civility: (a) those where agents and migrants acknowledge the respective roles they play in the US immigration system, often by conceding that agents will continue trying to arrest migrants and that migrants will attempt re-entry until they succeed; (b) interactions that feature agents attending to migrants’ physical comfort and needs; and (c) interactions that feature humor or light banter, mostly initiated by agents but appreciated by migrants. These accounts are gendered, as they almost always feature agents being courteous toward women, but only after agents feel they have control of the detention or arrest situation. We argue that agents and migrants highlight these encounters in research interviews to craft moral identities, but the encounters themselves do not alter the dehumanizing character of border control.
Demand-side constraints on European solidarity for energy sanctions: Experimental evidence from seven EU countries
Authors: Oana Ioana-Elena , Moise Alexandru D , Truchlewski Zbigniew
Published: February 2025

The Russian invasion of Ukraine is testing bonds of energy solidarity in Europe as domestic and territorial conflicts can undermine unity and swift political action. To examine the magnitude of these divisions on the demand side, we use a factorial survey experiment in seven EU countries. On the one hand, the external security threat should push European unity further. On the other hand, the asymmetry of the crisis could fuel both between-country divisions, given differences in energy dependence and geopolitical context, and within-country divisions, across political groups, reducing the potential for common policy. Our results show that while there is a wide consensus on energy sanctions between countries (except Hungary), within countries there is a greater potential for conflict along identarian, partisan, and economic lines.
Construction of tax risk management evaluation system for listed enterprises from the perspective of big data
Authors: Li Huizhi , Yu Xianghua
Published: February 2025

Currently, listed companies are facing problems in tax risk management, such as lagging tax policy updates, loopholes in internal control processes, and insufficient risk identification and warning capabilities. Big data technology can track policies in real time, dig deep into massive amounts of data to accurately identify risks, strengthen internal control processes, and help enterprises effectively control tax risks. Therefore, the study builds the tax risk management evaluation system of listed firms based on the big data technology backdrop in an attempt to raise the degree of tax risk management of enterprises. The experiment adopts the comprehensive assignment to calculate the index weights, and the evaluation object is comprehensively and deeply analyzed and evaluated through fuzzy mathematical methods. The study further adopts adaptive genetic algorithm and back-propagation neural network to construct a tax risk early warning method based on big data. The experiment applied the risk evaluation method proposed by the study to a listed company to obtain a tax risk value of 3.01, which existed a higher tax risk. With a higher risk value, the risk early warning model reached convergence at the 500th time with an error of 4%. Compared to the traditional back-propagation model, the improved model had lower error in the end. The correlation coefficient of the risk early warning model was 96% with high accuracy when the tax risk value was low. The proposed tax risk management evaluation and early warning methods for listed enterprises have strong practicality and application value, which can provide more accurate TAX risk management basis for enterprises and help them control tax risk effectively.
Analysis of PstLM and stroboscopic visibility measure variations due to different measurement conditions
Authors: Li J , Ohno Y
Published: February 2025

Temporal light artefacts (TLAs) are undesired visual perceptual effects, caused by temporal light modulations (TLMs), which commonly exist in lighting systems, especially LED lighting systems. Accurate measurement of TLM and evaluation of TLA metrics, specifically the stroboscopic visibility measure (SVM) and the short-term flicker indicator ( PstLM), are required by certain product safety regulations with limit values specified. In this study, we investigated the impact of different measurement conditions on the PstLM and SVM for the measured waveforms of 11 different commercial lamps. It is found that the sampling rate, filter setting and measurement duration are critical for PstLM. Anti-aliasing filters are essential for PstLM measurements, but for some waveforms, PstLM results may be inaccurate even under the conditions recommended by the International Electrotechnical Commission. The variation of PstLM at different sampling rates is slightly larger when using analogue filters compared to digital filters. For SVM, different sampling rates and measurement durations have a significant impact on the results. It is recommended to use a combination of zero-padding and quadratic interpolation (ZPQI method) to obtain accurate and consistent SVM results. Overall, the use of different filtering methods (digital or physical) has little effect on the results of the PstLM and SVM calculations, higher-order filters are recommended.
Evaluating the Long-Term Efficacy of a Trauma-Informed Approach to Addressing Challenging Behavior in the Home
Authors: Leyman Aaron , MacDowell Phoebe , Jessel Joshua
Published: February 2025

Behavioral interventions for challenging behavior often rely on the results of a functional analysis to identify environmental contributors. Multiple functional analysis formats have been developed to improve qualities of the process such as practicality, efficiency, and safety. More recently, the performance-based, interview-informed synthesized contingency analysis (IISCA) was developed as a functional analysis format that incorporates a trauma-informed framework. The performance-based IISCA (a) introduces evocative events following periods of calm to reduce dangerous escalation, (b) includes moment-to-moment measures of challenging behavior to allow for ongoing visual analysis of data, and (c) maintains measures of positive affect. We conducted this study to evaluate the treatment utility of the performance-based IISCA when it is used to inform a skill-based treatment. The performance-based IISCA was conducted for the challenging behavior of three autistic children before teaching communication, toleration, and cooperation during skill-based treatment in the home setting. Challenging behavior was reduced for all participants across different therapists and across time (1-, 2-, 3-month treatment extension). The results support the extension and longevity of treatment informed by the performance-based IISCA.
Rhytmic Mid-Temporal Discharges in a Mother and Daughter with Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures
Authors: Erkent Irem , Gurses Candan
Published: February 2025

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are complex episodes that outwardly resemble epileptic seizures but are not caused by any underlying neurological disease. Unlike true epileptic seizures, PNES are more likely to be linked to psychological factors and do not show any abnormal activity on electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. This differentiation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment, as misdiagnosing can lead to unnecessary treatments.

Diagnosis of PNES might become difficult in the presence of particular benign EEG variants such as Rhythmic Midtemporal Discharges (RMTD). RMTD is a rare benign variant of normal EEG, characterized by rhythmic 5-7 Hz discharges in the temporal regions. This pattern could be present in normal individuals, in patients with psychiatric disorders or epilepsy. It could mimic interictal epileptiform discharges. Recognition of this pattern is essential to avoid misinterpretation of EEG findings that might eventuate in inappropriate treatment and adverse effects on a patient's medical condition, especially when there is a recent suspicious event in terms of an epileptic seizure. Among patients with PNES, the occurrence of benign variants might be much harder to interpret and physicians may mistakenly interpret RMTD on the EEG as indicative for epilepsy, especially in the absence of clear clinical criteria for PNES. This report is the first to document RMTD in first-degree relatives with PNES, suggesting a possible genetic predisposition and the need for further research into the interaction between RMTD and PNES.

Our aim is to raise awareness that will enable accurate EEG reading and correct diagnosis.
Research on robot obstacle avoidance algorithm based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Shi Xiaohui , Wu Yutong , Zheng Jianxiao , Wang Fazhan
Published: February 2025

Traditional obstacle avoidance algorithms usually use a single shallow application, such as sensor-based distance measurement or some logic judgment algorithm, which leads to problems such as the need to manually adjust the parameters first, the inability to recognize complex or unknown environments, and the recognition errors caused by significant noise errors. Therefore, to overcome these limitations, this paper combines convolutional neural network and obstacle avoidance algorithms. A model of obstacle avoidance method based on convolutional neural network established in this paper, and puts forward the theory of obstacle avoidance method based on convolutional neural network, which adopts MobileNet_v3 as the learning framework, roughly classifies all the obstacle maps into three categories, and then, through the research and application of six traditional obstacle avoidance algorithms, finally concludes that the model can be applied according to different kinds of obstacles. The model can learn and discriminate against different obstacle maps, thus improving the performance of obstacle avoidance and avoiding the limitations of traditional obstacle avoidance algorithms. Verified the effectiveness of each algorithm in various scenarios. A single shallow application of the problem is usually used to robotize the traditional obstacle avoidance algorithms, which provides an essential reference.
The effect of chemical fixation with paraformaldehyde, glutardialdehyde or methanol on immunofluorescence staining of neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: Pilchová Veronika , Richter Armina , Meurer Marita , Schulz Claudia , von Köckritz-Blickwede Maren
Published: February 2025

The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is known as an important part of the innate immune response. Still, some mechanisms regarding their formation and role during a disease are not completely understood yet. To visualize NETs by immunofluorescence microscopy, a chemical fixation is required. Therefore, this study focused on the effect of chemical fixatives on immunofluorescence staining of selected neutrophil and NET-markers, including myeloperoxidase (MPO), DNA/histone-1-complexes and citrullinated histone H3 (H3cit). Neutrophils isolated from fresh human blood were stimulated with phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to induce NETs and fixed with paraformaldehyde (PFA, 4%), glutardialdehyde (GA, 5%) or methanol (MeOH, 100%) using different incubation times depending on the used fixative. We found that different fixation times with PFA had no effect on the staining intensity of MPO or DNA/histone-1-complex antibodies. For the staining of H3cit, fixation with PFA for 24 h decreased the signal intensity whereas 30 min fixation time had no effect. In contrast, glutardialdehyde induced a high amount of autofluorescence, and the fixation with 100% MeOH resulted in visible cellular damage. Therefore, we recommend 15–30 min PFA fixation for the respective stainings. Our results provide a solid basis for future experiments to study neutrophil activation and NET-formation.
Effect of Cardamine violifolia on muscle protein degradation and anti-oxidative capacity in weaned piglets after Lipopolysaccharide challenge
Authors: Wu Nianbang , Li Shunkang , Kuang Yanling , He Wensheng , Zhu Huiling , Gao Qingyu , Liu Liping , Cheng Shuiyuan , Liu Yulan , Cong Xin , Wang Dan
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to investigate the impact of Cardamine violifolia on muscle protein degradation, the inflammatory response and antioxidant function in weaned piglets following LPS challenge. Twenty-four weaned piglets were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment with dietary treatment (sodium selenite or Cardamine violifolia) and LPS challenge. After 28 days of feeding, pigs were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg/kg LPS or saline. Dietary supplementation with Cardamine violifolia mitigated the reduction in insulin and growth hormone levels induced by LPS. It also curbed the LPS-induced elevation of plasma glucagon, urea nitrogen, and creatinine concentrations. Cardamine violifolia reduced muscle damage caused by LPS, as evidenced by increased protein content and protein/DNA ratio and decreased TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression. Furthermore, Cardamine violifolia modulated the expression of FOXO1, FOXO4, and MuRF1 in muscle, indicative of the protective effect against muscle protein degradation. Enhanced muscle antioxidant function was observed in the form of increased T-AOC, reduced MDA concentration, and decreased mRNA expression of GPX3, DIO3, TXNRD1, SELENOS, SELENOI, SELENOO, and SEPHS2 in LPS-treated piglets. The findings suggest that Cardamine violifolia supplementation can effectively alleviate muscle protein degradation induced by LPS and enhance the antioxidant capacity in piglets.
Whether Civil Service Commission maps skills to align education, recruitment testing, and training, or marginalize graduates with public administration majors?
Authors: Alam Gazi Mahabubul , Kader Romana , Bashir Karima , Rahman Md. Mahfuzur , Binti Abdul Aziz Nor Azni
Published: February 2025

In the absence of regulatory oversight, private sector recruitment often relies on signaling theory to attract top graduates to work in public sector roles. The debate over whether public sector recruitment should adopt the signaling theory or adhere to regulated frameworks is ongoing. This study adds to the discourse on education and training mismatches in public service. Utilizing a quantitative approach encompassing descriptive analysis and multinomial logistic regression, Bangladesh Public Service Commission (BPSC) and Bangladesh Public Administration Training Centre (BPATC) annual report data was investigated. The study finds a significantly higher proportion of science graduates in public administrative positions compared to those with public administration degrees. Implementing science-oriented recruitment tests, focused on secondary science curriculum rather than public administration knowledge, boosts the presence of science graduates. Moreover, these science graduates excel in job training, suggesting there are potential gaps in traditional public administration programs. These findings raise concerns about the adequacy of current educational approaches for public service roles. Consequently, there is a call for policy reform to align recruitment tests, public administration programs, and training initiatives, aiming to reduce education mismatches and optimize resource utilization in the public service.
Protective role of Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) against doxorubicin-induced testicular damage: A comprehensive study of short- and long-term effects
Authors: Korkmaz Fırat , Balkan Burcu M. , İpek Volkan , Güngör Şükrü , Enes İnanç M. , Ayözger Leyla E.Ö. , Özalkan Doğuş
Published: February 2025

Background

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapeutic drug used against cancer but is known to have adverse effects on male reproductive health.

Objective

This study investigated the protective effects of aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) against DOX-induced testicular damage in male rats, examining both short-term (2 weeks) and long-term (9 weeks) exposure.

Methods

In this study, 36 male Wistar albino rats were divided into two main groups: short-term (ST) and long-term (LT). Each group was further subdivided into three groups: control, DOX, and DOX + Aronia, with 6 rats per group. The control and DOX groups received tap water, while the DOX + Aronia group received tap water mixed with Aronia fruit juice. DOX was administered to the DOX and DOX + Aronia groups to assess the protective effects of Aronia fruit juice against DOX-induced toxicity. Biochemical assays, histopathological analyses, and immunohistochemical staining were performed to assess testicular health and apoptotic activity. Sperm quality parameters were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine significant differences among groups.

Results

In the long-term DOX group, significant decreases in sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity were observed. However, aronia supplementation with DOX improved these parameters. Biochemical analyses indicated variations in antioxidant response. Histopathological changes were found in the long-term DOX group but were accentuated with aronia co-administration. Caspase-3 immunopositivity showed no significant differences between groups. The decline in sperm quality in the DOX group compared to the DOX + Aronia group suggested potential subclinical effects of DOX and protective effects of aronia.

Conclusions

Aronia appeared to benefit sperm quality and antioxidant markers, especially in long-term exposure. This study suggests that aronia supplementation may mitigate DOX-induced testicular damage, particularly concerning sperm quality and antioxidants. However, additional investigations are necessary to fully explore its potential as a protective agent against DOX-induced reproductive toxicity.
Walkability Versus Livability: Changes in Neighborhood Satisfaction After Relocation to a Walkable, Mixed-Income Community in Austin, Texas
Authors: Zhu Xuemei , Xu Minjie , Lee Chanam , Lee Hanwool , Ory Marcia G.
Published: February 2025

Aim: This study examined significant knowledge gaps in understanding walkability-livability relationships. Background: The concept of livability focuses on perceptions of neighborhood environments in relation to quality of life. As walkable communities become increasingly promoted for their health and environmental benefits, questions remain about how walkability affects perceived livability across individuals with various backgrounds and preferences. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study with residents relocated to a community that is not only walkable but also mixed-income in Austin, Texas, U.S. Surveys were used to capture their satisfaction with perceived livability (i.e., “a good place to live” and “a good place to raise children”) and specific neighborhood features, and relevant personal, social, and environmental factors. We used (1) paired t-tests to examine pre-post move differences, (2) binary logistic regressions to predict perceived livability, and (3) multiple linear regressions to predict the pre-post differences in perceived livability. Results: Relocation to this community demonstrated improved satisfaction with two overall livability measures and specific neighborhood features related to convenient transportation, access to services, environmental quality, and social cohesion. Affordable housing residents had more consistent satisfaction and greater improvements, suggesting improved residential equality in this mixed-income community. Improvements in perceived crime safety, natural surroundings, walkable destinations, and air quality predicted improvement in both livability measures. Denser streets improved satisfaction with a good place to live but were insignificant for the change in satisfaction with a good place to raise children. Conclusions: More research is needed to address distinct population outcomes and livability specific to raising children.
Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection among Kurdish people, Iran
Authors: Nikkhoo Bahram , Mahmoodian Soma , Bahrami Pourya , Daraee Arshia , Soleimani Farzad , Zamani Fatemeh , Nasseri Sherko , Rahmani Khaled
Published: February 2025

Background and aim:

Human papillomavirus is a common sexually transmitted infection and a health concern, being the major cause of cervical cancer and genital warts. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus in the Kurdish population.

Methods and materials:

A total of 2650 samples from individuals attending central laboratories in Sanandaj, the center of Kurdistan Province in north-west Iran, were tested for human papillomavirus infection. Cervical samples were collected from women using a cervical brush, while semen samples were collected from men. Cervical samples were stored in a vial with cell preservation solution, while semen samples were stored at room temperature until complete liquefaction of the semen. Human papillomavirus DNA from positive samples was extracted using a high-purity viral nucleic acid kit, and human papillomavirus genotyping was performed using the ZYTOVISION human papillomavirus Chip1.0 genotyping system according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Results:

Of the 2610 samples screened, 655 were found positive for human papillomavirus and included in the human papillomavirus molecular typing analysis. The overall prevalence of human papillomavirus in the study samples was 25.1%. Of the 655 positive samples, 645 (98.5%) were women and 10 (1.5%) were men. The mean age was 35.95 years (women: 36.06 years and men: 28.81 years). The most common genotypes identified were types 6 (30.1%), 16(14.4%), and 54(9.0%). Of those affected, 387 (59.1%) had a single human papillomavirus infection and 268 (40.9%) had multiple infections.

Conclusion:

This study showed that the prevalence of human papillomavirus among Kurdish women is relatively high. The findings highlight the importance of targeted human papillomavirus vaccination programs and screening strategies, particularly in younger age groups, to reduce the burden of human papillomavirus-related disease in this setting. Future studies should investigate the impact of cultural and behavioral factors on human papillomavirus transmission and associated health outcomes in this population.
Leveraging BiLSTM-CRF and adversarial training for sentiment analysis in nature-based digital interventions: Enhancing mental well-being through MOOC platforms
Authors: Zang Juanjuan
Published: February 2025

Objective

This study aims to leverage annotated textual data from a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) platform to conduct sentiment analysis of learners’ interactions with nature-based digital interventions, which seeks to enhance sentiment classification and provide insights into learners’ affective experiences, ultimately facilitating timely psychological interventions and improving curriculum design.

Methods

This study leverages the extensive corpus of annotated textual data available on a MOOC platform, encompassing learners’ assessments, inquiries, and recommendations. By performing meticulous sentiment analysis, we aim to understand the subjective sentiments of learners engaging with nature-based digital interventions. To achieve this, we integrate a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network with a Conditional Random Field (CRF). The BiLSTM captures word associations in both forward and backward directions, feeding these results into the CRF network to establish the conditional distribution between the feature function and labels. This ensures high-quality feature extraction, precise label assignment, and the derivation of evaluation metrics. Furthermore, adversarial training is introduced to enhance aspect sentiment classification. This involves incorporating perturbations in the embedding space, generating adversarial samples at the embedding layer and semantic feature fusion layer, and combining these with the original samples for model training.

Results

Experimental outcomes demonstrate that the proposed model achieves precision, recall, and F1 scores of 83.71, 85.66, and 84.67 on the SemEval-2014 dataset, and 80.63, 83.06, and 81.76 on the Coursera dataset.

Conclusion

Notably, the sentiment prediction efficacy surpasses that of comparative models, underscoring the proficiency of the proposed scheme. By harnessing the proposed model, educators and administrators can effectively sift through learners’ affective information, facilitating timely psychological interventions and curriculum guidance. This study contributes to the growing body of research on digital mental health interventions within natural settings, providing valuable insights into how technology can support and enhance mental well-being in these contexts.
Bibliometric Analysis of Natural Language Processing Technology in Education: Hot Topics, Frontier Evolution, and Future Prospects
Authors: Xue Hanbing , Liu Weishan
Published: February 2025

The application of natural language processing (NLP) technology in the field of education has attracted considerable attention. This study takes 716 articles from the Web of Science database from 1998 to 2023 as its research sample. Using bibliometrics as the theoretical foundation, and employing methods such as literature review and knowledge mapping analysis, the study utilizes tools like CiteSpace to generate relevant visualizations, analyzing key research themes, frontier developments, and providing future prospects in this domain. The main findings of the study are as follows: First, the number of publications in this field has been increasing annually, forming core publishing journals such as Education and Information Technology, core research teams led by figures like Cucchiarini Catia and Meurers Detmar, and core publishing countries including the United States and China. Second, the field primarily covers five major themes: the educational application of technical tools, the analysis and development of educational content, the application of computational linguistics in education, language acquisition and language learning, and educational assessment and analysis methods. Third, the research in this field exhibits certain developmental phases, progressing through the stages of emergence, exploration, and development. Based on these findings, the following future prospects are proposed: at the theoretical level, deeper application of personalized learning paths, emotional monitoring and learning support, and intelligent generation and optimization of educational content; at the practical level, interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation, educational data mining and analysis, and global perspectives with international cooperation.
Chinese Strategies of Delinking Amid the Implosion of Financial Imperialism
Authors: Sit Tsui , Zhixiong He , Heim Simon Kun Lung , Tiejun Wen
Published: February 2025

This article analyzes the Chinese strategies of delinking amid the implosion of financial imperialism. Drawing on Samir Amin’s theory of delinking and financial implosion, the authors outline the problem of financialization in the Old Cold War, Post-Cold War, and New Cold War. The article highlights the Chinese efforts to pursue industrialization in the 1950s and 1960s, when the country was first delinked by the United States and then the Soviet Union. Participation in the Korean War and the building of the Third Front were important in early industrialization. Today, industrialization in China is responding to delinking caused by financial imperialism. The article discusses the emerging geo-currency alliance between Russia and China against the Western sanctions, particularly after the outbreak of the Ukraine–Russia War. The article also provides examples of innovative technological experiments for ecological transformation in the current crisis, as well as the strengthening of the collective village economy for rural revitalization. In navigating the implosion of financial imperialism, China has explored and adopted alternative strategies for a soft landing amid the unfolding global crises.
High Prevalence of Asymptomatic STIs in MSM PWH in a Male HIV Clinic in Mexico City
Authors: Sánchez Navarro Juan Pablo , Barriga Angulo Gustavo , Mata Marín José Antonio , Rodríguez Evaristo Mara , Padilla Noguera Paola Edith , Gaytán Martínez Jesús Enrique
Published: February 2025

Background

The incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains high among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH). This study determined the prevalence of asymptomatic STIs in MSM PWH attending an HIV clinic in Mexico City.

Methods

This cross-sectional study (May 2022-November 2023) included self-questionnaires on STI-related behaviors and symptoms, urethral samples for multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and serological tests for syphilis, HBV, and HCV.

Results

Among 261 patients, 56.7% were receiving antiretroviral therapy, 41.8% had suppressed HIV-1 viral load, and 26.1% tested positive for at least one STI in urethral PCR. The most prevalent microorganisms were Ureaplasma urealyticum (14.9%), Mycoplasma hominis (6.9%), Mycoplasma genitalium (4.2%), and Chlamydia trachomatis (3.1%). Multiple infections were identified in 5.3% of cases. Seroprevalence rates for syphilis, HBV, and HCV were 17.6%, 6.5%, and 3.1%, respectively. Current smoking and insertive anal sex were the only statistically significant associated factors.

Conclusions

This study underscores the high frequency of asymptomatic STIs and the importance of regular screening.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Zidovudine-Induced Anemia in Patients With HIV Infection Receiving Zidovudine-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Boonyagars Lakkana , Thinpangnga Peerawit , Munsakul Warangkana
Published: February 2025

Background

Anemia is among the frequently observed conditions among people living with HIV (PLWH). Zidovudine (AZT) is the most common ART that causes anemia. This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of AZT-induced anemia in PLWH receiving AZT-containing regimens.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on nonpregnant PLWH aged >18 years who received AZT-containing regimens for >6 months and had normal baseline hemoglobin levels. Data on medical history, clinical characteristics, and laboratory examination were collected. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors of AZT-induced anemia.

Results

A total of 401 individuals were included in the study. In total, 71 individuals presented with AZT-induced anemia. The incidence rate of anemia was 1.98 per 100 person-years of observations. Female sex, low-normal baseline hemoglobin level, low recent and low baseline CD4 cell count were independently associated with an increased risk of anemia. However, a higher body mass index was independently associated with a decreased risk of anemia.

Conclusion

Routine screening, early detection, and treatment of anemia should be considered in PLWH receiving AZT-containing regimens.
Impact of central adjudication of the score on the modified Rankin Scale in an international, randomized, acute stroke trial
Authors: Sluis Wouter M , de Jonge Jeroen C , Reinink Hendrik , Wilson Alastair , Woodhouse Lisa J , Dawson Jesse , Lees Kennedy R , Bath Philip M , van der Worp Hendrik Bart
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is the most frequently used primary outcome measure in acute stroke research despite significant interobserver variability in assigning grades. We assessed the use of central blinded adjudication of the mRS based on a video recording of an interview in the PRECIOUS trial.

Patients and methods:

PRECIOUS was an international, randomized, open-label, clinical trial with blinded outcome assessment of preventive treatment with metoclopramide, paracetamol, and ceftriaxone in elderly patients with acute stroke. Trained local investigators interviewed patients or their representatives and graded functional outcome at 90 days after stroke with the mRS. In each participating country, a video recording of the interview was assessed by three blinded, independent adjudicators. The primary outcome of the present substudy was interobserver agreement between the local mRS score and the median score of the three central adjudicators for patients alive at 90 days, assessed with Cohen’s kappa and quadratic weighted kappa statistics. The difference between treatment effect estimates based on local and central adjudication was a secondary outcome.

Results:

Of 1493 patients enrolled in PRECIOUS, 1471 were included in this analysis. At 90 days, 1117 patients (75.9%) were alive and had both a central and local assessment; 28 participants did not have a central mRS score. Interobserver agreement was seen in 829 (74.2%) patients and was substantial (kappa of 0.68; 95% CI 0.65–0.71). Disagreement occurred more often in patients with a central mRS score of 0–2 (OR 2.24; 95% CI 1.14–4.24). Treatment effects were neutral for all three study drugs and did not differ between central and local adjudication.

Discussion and conclusion:

Central adjudication of the mRS based on a video recording is feasible in a large international, randomized stroke trial. This ensures blinding of the outcome assessment. In this neutral trial, the impact of central adjudication on the precision of effect size estimates could not be assessed.
Structural integrity of fused filament fabricated polymer composites using Taguchi method and XGB regression
Authors: Jain Akash , Raj Tapish , Upadhyay Saloni , Pathik Kanishka , Sahai Ankit , Sharma Rahul Swarup
Published: February 2025

Automotive manufacturers are presently encountering numerous challenges, including disruptions in the supply chain and concerns regarding sustainability. They are adapting to evolving consumer preferences for vehicle features and performance. Fused filament fabrication is one of the additive manufacturing techniques that will novelly address these issues with rapid prototyping, custom part production, intricate designs, lightweight yet strong components, and reducing assembly time for complex functional parts. This study aims to examine the influence of process parameters, specifically nozzle diameter (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mm) and internal filling pattern (triangular, honeycomb, rectilinear), on the structural behaviour, namely impact, compression, and flexural behaviour, of different polymer composites through fused filament fabrication. The composites being investigated are carbon fibre-reinforced poly-lactic acid (CF-PLA), carbon fibre-reinforced poly-ethylene terephthalate glycol (CF-PETG), and multi-walled carbon nanotube-reinforced poly-lactic acid (MWCNT-PLA). The maximum flexural strength achieved is 72.463 MPa for MWCNT-PLA, the maximum impact strength 39.648 kJ/m2 for CF-PLA, and the maximum compression strength 51.051 MPa for CF-PETG. Tailoring nozzle diameter and internal filling patterns is essential for optimizing the performance and structural characteristics of automotive components. This work introduces a novel approach utilizing the XGB algorithm for machine learning optimization in additive manufacturing, offering significant potential to enhance precision, efficiency, and innovation in automotive component design and production.
Affective politics and neoliberal subjectivities in ‘left behind’ places: Counter-narrating regional decline within/from Finland’s ‘Capital of Pessimism’
Authors: Gansauer Grete , Lilius Johanna , Adams Ria-Maria
Published: February 2025

Increased scholarly and political interest in the ‘geographies of discontent’ demands attention not only to the material—but also to the emotional and discursive—dimensions of regional inequality. Amidst growing investigation into the affective geographies of depopulation and post-industrial life, little empirical work yet explores how ‘left behind’ communities themselves contribute to broader political discourses concerning deprived places. This paper asks: what potentials do local initiatives have to transform endogenous and exogenous discourses of decline? Drawing on J.K. Gibson-Graham, we analyze the case of the Pessimists Association in Puolanka, Finland—an artists’ initiative which parodies their shrinking town through comedic performance art. Through qualitative and ethnographic methods, we find that the Pessimists’ humorous and joy-full counter-narrative of regional decline reconfigures affective norms toward shrinkage by centering abundance, belonging, and acceptance. Yet by capitalizing on Puolanka’s ‘slow death,’ the project privileges entertainment/exchange-value for exogenous audiences over its cathartic/use-value for Puolanka residents. In all, this case details how entrenched neoliberal subjectivities thwart a wholly reimagined ‘politics of possibility’ for ‘left behind’ places. But, more hopefully, it also suggests strong potential for local initiatives’ affective resonance to transform discourses of decline beyond their grassroots.
Characteristics and Medical Accuracy of Online Discussions of Retinal Conditions on a Social Media Platform
Authors: Gunawardene Araliya N. , Suraneni Sanjana , Rohowetz Landon J. , Sridhar Jayanth
Published: February 2025

Purpose: To assess the content and medical accuracy of retina-related patient discussions on Reddit, an anonymous social media platform, to better understand the main concerns and reliability of a highly accessible resource. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed of the top 20 posts and top 3 comments from 2011 to 2022 on the Reddit subforums r/Optometry and r/EyeTriage containing the following keywords: “retinal detachment”, “macular edema”, “macular degeneration”, and “diabetic retinopathy”. Results: This study assessed 407 posts and comments. Most users who posted were current patients (n = 71 [60.2%]). Most commenters did not specify their identity (n = 172 [59.5%]). A portion of respondents identified as optometrists (n = 51 [17.6%]), and few identified as ophthalmologists (n = 11 [3.8%]). Many statements were medically inaccurate (n = 31 [40.8%]), with pathophysiology comprising the most commonly misunderstood topic (n = 15 [48.4%]). Conclusions: Given the prevalence of inaccurate information and the lack of credibility among Reddit posters, patients should take caution in using these sites for medical guidance regarding retinal conditions.