bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rupturas e permanências na busca de uma melhoria qualitativa: o ensino público no Distrito Federal (1979 — 1988)
Authors: Muniz Diva
Published: July 2019

Trata-se de um estudo sobre políticas públicas para educação onde foram priorizadas as questões da melhoria de qualidade de ensino e da continuidade e descontinuidade na implementação dos programas. Através de pesquisa centrada nos planos quadrienais e propostas curriculares, verificou-se que o sistema público de ensino do Distrito Federal, no período de 1979/1988, foi objeto de duas gestões, cujas propostas, apesar do traço comum da busca de melhoria qualitativa, apresentavam-se diametralmente opostas. As diferenças de posturas teóricas e os procedimentos adotados pelas duas administrações — uma, marcada pelo centralismo, verticalismo e tecnicismo; outra, pelo esforço de democratização do espaço escolar — não asseguraram, todavia, o pretendido avanço qualitativo.

Abstract

This is a study on public education politicswhich privileged better quality schooling issues as well as continuity and discontinuity in the programmes implantation. This research shows that public education in the Federal District has gone through two different managements whose politics — although both were trying to enhance schooling quality — stand on diametrical opposi tes. The differences in theoretical postures and procedures adopted by both administrations — one characterized by centralism, verticality and technicality, the other by its school democratization effort — were not, however, successful in realizing the expected quality betterment.

Résumé

Ils 'agit ici d'une étude des différentes politiques pour l 'éducation publique qui ont privilégié les questions d'amélioration de la qualité de l'enseignement ainsi que celles de la continuité et des ruptures lors de l'implantation des programmes. La présente recherche a constaté que le système d'instruction publique du District Fédéral a connu deux gestions dont les politiques, bien qu 'ayant l'objectif commun d'amélioration de la qualité, se sont montrées diamétralement opposées — les différences de postures théoriques et manières de procéder adoptées par chacune des deux administrations.

Resumen

Este es un estudio sobre políticas públicas para la educación en el cual se ha dado prioridad a las cuestiones de mejora en la calidad de ensenanza, y continuidad/discontinuidad en la implementación de programas. La investigación demostró que el sistema público de ensenanza en el Distrito Federal ha sido objeto de dos gestiones que, malgrado proponiendo las dos la mejora en la calidad, sus políticas resultaron diametralmente opuestas entre si. Las posturas teóricas y los procedimientos prácticos se presentan muy distintos. Una adminstración se ha caracterizado por el centralismo, el verticalismo y el tecnicismo; mientras la otra, por el esfuerzo en la democratización del espacio escolar. Sin embargo, ni ¡a una, ni la otra, han logrado el prometido adelanto en la calidad de la ensenanza.
Öğretmen adaylarının çocuk katılım hakkına ilişkin farkındalıklarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yüksel Begümhan , Yazıcı Zeliha
Published: July 2019

Bir toplumda insan haklarına saygının temeli, çocukların haklarına saygıyla başlar. Çocuk haklarını en kapsamlı şekilde açıklayan yasal düzenleme Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) Çocuk Haklarına Dair Sözleşmedir. Türkiye de bu sözleşmeyi 1990’da imzalamıştır. Çocuk ve çocukluk dönemine yönelik algı, tutum ve uygulamalara ilişkin hukuki düzenlemeler de 1995 yürürlüğe konulmuştur. Katılım hakkının küçük çocuklar tarafından daha görünür, erişilebilir ve uygulanabilir olmasını sağlamak, soyut bir kavram olmaktan çıkarılarak mümkün olabilir. Bunu sağlamak için katılım hakkının odak noktada olduğu çocuk merkezli anlayışın, eğitim ortamlarına yansıtılması gerekmektedir. Öğretmenler, çocukların temel haklarını elde etmeleri için uygun eğitim ortamlarını yaratan ve model teşkil eden kişiler oldukları için hizmete başlamadan önce çocuk katılım hakkına ilişkin farkındalıklarının arttırılması önemlidir. Bu nedenle çalışmada çocuk hakları çerçevesinde öğretmen adaylarının katılım farkındalığına odaklanılmış ve öğretmen adaylarının çocuk katılım farkındalıkları cinsiyet ve öğrenim görülen alan değişkenleri göz önünde bulundurularak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmaya devlet üniversitesine bağlı eğitim fakültesinde öğrenim gören 323 öğretmen adayı dâhil edilmiştir.   Araştırma verilerini toplamak için Çocuk Katılımı Farkındalık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının çocuk katılım hakkı farkındalıklarının beklenen düzeyden düşük olduğu saptanmıştır.
Wspólnoty nierówności: cechy społeczeństw z wysokim zróżnicowaniem dochodowym
Authors: Mierzejewski Mateusz
Published: July 2019

Motywacja: Kwestia nierówności dochodowych znajduje się obecnie w centrum debaty publicznej. W ostatnich latach można dostrzec nasilenie się zjawiska dysproporcji dochodowych, choć nie we wszystkich państwach. Jego następstwem jest pogarszająca się kondycja społeczna, rozumiana jako zachowania społecznie niepożądane.Cel: Celem jest próba ujęcia cech, które pojawiają się wraz ze wzrostem nierówności dochodowych w społeczeństwie.Materiały i metody: Wykorzystano dane pochodzące z różnych źródeł: Organizacji Współpracy Gospodarczej i Rozwoju (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD), Banku Światowego (World Bank) oraz Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia (World Health Organization, WHO). Zakres czadowy obejmuje lata 1960–2017. Posłużono się metodą opisową, jak również wybranymi metodami ilościowymi: wskaźnikiem korelacji, metodą dendrogramu Warda oraz analizą spektralną, wykorzystywaną do oceny cykliczności zjawisk ekonomicznych.Wyniki: Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy można dostrzec podwyższony i bardziej niestabilny poziomu bezrobocia w państwach o wyższym zróżnicowaniu dochodowym.
Zróżnicowanie metod zarządzania projektami informatycznymi jako źródło przewag konkurencyjnych
Authors: Zalewski Marcin
Published: July 2019

Motywacja: Motywacją do podjęcia tematu była chęć zwrócenie uwagi na mankamenty oraz walory poszczególnych koncepcji, w szczególności grupy metodyk zwinnych oraz tradycyjnych dla projektów informatycznych.
Cel: Głównym celem jest wykazanie statystycznej opłacalności migracji do metodyk lepiej dopasowanych w przypadku branży adaptacyjnej, w jakiej operują przedsiębiorstwa wytwarzające oprogramowanie. Celem szczegółowym jest wykazanie pozytywnych zależności, w przypadku prawidłowego doboru koncepcji zarządzania do oczekiwań klienta oraz zespołu projektowego.
Materiały i metody: Wnioski opracowano na podstawie analizy porównawczej grupy metodyk, a także przez weryfikację badań przeprowadzonych przez przedsiębiorstwo Scott Ambler + Associates.
Wyniki: W konkluzji stwierdzono przede wszystkim, że nie ujmując tradycyjnemu podejściu do zarządzania, nie wpisuje się ono do kanonu nowoczesnych i adaptacyjnych technik, które sprostałyby wymaganiom stawianym w dobie globalizacji przez elastyczne projekty informatyczne. Ponadto, na podstawie analizy odpowiedzi respondentów, można dostrzec, jak drastycznie zmiana podejścia do całego cyklu projektowego wpływa na prawdopodobieństwo sukcesu oraz niweluje nieporozumienia na linii klient-wykonawca.
THE ASSESSMENT OF CONTAMINATION AND SOURCE OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS FROM THE SEDIMENTS OF THE SOMEȘ RIVER
Authors: PĂNESCU Vlad , HERGHELEGIU Mihaela Cătălina , POP Sorin , ANTON Mircea , BELDEAN-GALEA Mihail Simion
Published: July 2019

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent an important class of environmental pollutants that are derived from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Due to their toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and bioaccumulation potential there are continuous concerns over the PAHs contents in the aquatic media. The aim of this work was to evaluate the distribution of PAHs in the sediments of Someș River, to assess their occurrence and to establish the origin (pyrogenic/petrogenic) of pollution sources. 13 sampling points were selected covering the distance from Cluj-Napoca to Satu Mare in order to assess the contribution of urban agglomeration over the concentration of PAHs in sediments. For the determination of the compounds GC-MS analyses were performed. PAH diagnostic ratios have been used as a tool for identifying and assessing the pollution emission sources. The obtained results showed that, the concentration of PAHs measured varied between 33.3 and 251.6 µg kg-1. Benzo[a]pyrene was found in most of the samples. A general tendency of higher concentration values on the exit point of the river from cities than from the entering point was found. The isomeric ratios indicated that most of the sources were of pyrogenic origin, rather than petrogenic. As expected, the concentrations of ƩPAHs were below the maximum accepted limit of 1 mg kg-1 regulated in Romania.
LE VISIONI PROFETICHE E I VERSETTI INNICI NEL LIBRO DI AMOS
Authors: BODOR Attila
Published: July 2019

Prophetic Visions and the Hymnic Verses in the Book of Amos. This essay will briefly examine two literary forms in the Book of Amos: the prophetic visions (Am 7,1-3.4-6.7-9; 8,1-3; 9,1-4) and the dox-ologies or hymns (Am 4,13; 5,8-9; 9,5-6). However, the purpose of the present research is not to engage in a historical-critical exegesis but to provide an interpretative framework highlighting the function of these passages within the Book of Amos. First, the five prophetical visions in Am 7-9 will be addressed, examining their particular aspects, such as their structure, classification, and impact. Second, the content, the literary con-text, and the literary purpose of the three doxologies will be studied, as-sessing the results of previous research.
REFORM 500. WYCLIFFE – A KEY TO A PUZZLE BETWEEN CALVIN AND ARMINIUS
Authors: ȘUTEU Ștefan
Published: July 2019

The doctrinal system of Protestantism has its roots in the religious movements which stirred con-troversies during the Papal schism (14th15th centuries). A fundamental change of perspective viewed in relation to the traditional Catholic system has begun in the British Isles and was initiated by the rector of Lutterworth, John Wycliffe. The present paper outlines similarities / differences be-tween Wycliffe’s theology and the conceptual frame of Calvinism (the so called TULIP). Wycliffe’s doctrine has echoes in Calvin’s and Arminius’ doctrine and, through their mediation, Wycliffe, known as the “Morning Star of the Reformation” exerted a wider influence on the Protestant movement.
FILANTROPI DAN PELAYANAN RUMAH SAKIT BERBASIS GEREJAWI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM
Authors: Prananingrum Dyah Hapsari
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK

Era desentralisasi kesehatan dan era jaminan kesehatan nasional merupakan tantangan bagi layanan kesehatan dan rumah sakit yang diselenggarakan oleh lembaga nirlaba. Salah satu lembaga nirlaba yang menyelenggarakan perumahsakitan adalah gereja. Dalam sejarah Indonesia rumah sakit berbasis gereja telah banyak berperan di bidang pelayanan kesehatan.

Strategi rumah sakit untuk menjadi pilihan bagi masyarakat harus dikembangkan ke arah peningkatan kualitas layanan, menuju rumah sakit yang cerdas, aman, ramah, memiliki fasilitas dan infrastruktur pendukung canggih dan terkini, dengan mematuhi prinsip manajemen dan operasi yang efektif dan efisien. Selain itu, juga diperlukan sumber pendanaan yang kuat. Filantropi sebagai alternatif pendanaan harus dikembangkan. Undang-undang memungkinkan untuk mengumpulkan dana rumah sakit melalui filantropi ini.

Kata kunci: Hukum Indonesia, rumah sakit, filantropi
Evaluation of the effectiveness of preoperative administration of maropitant citrate and metoclopramide hydrochloride in preventing postoperative clinical gastroesophageal reflux in dogs
Authors: Jones Ciaran T. , Fransson Boel A.
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the prophylactic effectiveness of preoperative administration of maropitant citrate and metoclopramide hydrochloride in preventing postoperative clinical gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in dogs and to identify risk factors for clinical postoperative GER in dogs.

ANIMALS

93 client-owned dogs undergoing surgery at the Washington State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between March 2016 and February 2017.

PROCEDURES

Dogs were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (preoperatively received maropitant and metoclopramide) or the control group (did not preoperatively receive maropitant and metoclopramide). After surgery, all dogs were recovered and monitored, and occurrences of GER were noted. The prophylactic effectiveness of maropitant and metoclopramide was evaluated, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with postoperative clinical GER in dogs.

RESULTS

No meaningful difference in the incidence of clinical GER during the postoperative period was detected between the control and intervention groups. Results indicated that variables associated with significantly increased odds of postoperative clinical GER included the male sex (OR, 9.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26 to 195.0), an overweight BCS (OR, 12.3; 95% CI, 2.1 to 135.1), gastrointestinal surgery (OR, 30.5; 95% CI, 3.0 to 786.9), and requirement for a dexmedetomidine constant rate infusion after surgery (OR, 9.6; 95% CI, 1.3 to 212.5).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Findings indicated that incidence of clinical GER during the postoperative period was not lower for dogs that received preoperative prophylactic administration of metoclopramide and maropitant, compared with incidence dogs that did not receive the prophylactic treatment. Further research is required into alternative measures to prevent postoperative clinical GER in dogs.
Promosi Kesehatan Melalui Media Film Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Anak Sekolah Dasar Wilayah Pesisir Kepulauan
Authors: Selviana Selviana , Suwarni Linda
Published: July 2019

Masih rendahnya sanitasi lingkungan dan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di wilayah pesisir kepulauan menyebabkan potensi terjadinya beberapa penyakit, seperti diare, kolera, dan soil transmitted helminthes (STH). Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan  perilaku PHBS dalam upaya menurunkan kejadian penyakit berbasis lingkungan melalui inovasi teknologi media promosi kesehatan yang menarik. Metode partisipatif digunakan untuk melibatkan masyarakat secara aktif dalam pelaksanaan penerapan teknologi  Inovasi Teknologi Promosi Kesehatan PHBS. Inovasi teknologi promosi kesehatan, berupa media film PHBS melalui penyediaan sarana tempat cuci tangan percontohan. Kegiatan ini akan dilakukan untuk, oleh, dan dari masyarakat sebagai mitra dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini melalui musyawarah masyarakat desa untuk menganalisis permasalahan di wilayah mereka, urgensi dan prioritas masalah bersama, serta menentukan solusi dari masalah yang ada, khususnya terkait dengan kejadian penyakit berbasis lingkungan yang ada di wilayah mereka. Peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap anak SD yang diperoleh dari pre-test dan post-test dianalisis dengan uji t berpasangan dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil pre dan post menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pengetahuan (yang awalnya 8,78 menjadi 10,90) dan sikap (yang awalnya 7,38 menjadi 9,52) yang signifikan (p<0,05). Dengan demikian, edukasi melalui media Film dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap anak SD tentang hidup sehat.
Perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi dalam Menentukan Harga Jual Tas Rajut Palembang
Authors: Z Mariskha , Alhadi Esya , Purwati Purwati
Published: July 2019

Menjadi seorang ibu rumah tangga saat ini selain sibuk dengan pekerjaan di dapur namun menjadi seorang ibu rumah tangga dapat ikut serta membantu perekonomian keluarga dengan cara yang berbeda. Ada yang bekerja dalam suatu perusahaan, menjadi pegawai, berwirausaha. Menjadi seorang pengrajin sudah dapat dikatakan berwirausaha apabila sudah dapat mencapai suatu keuntungan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Demikian juga dengan mitra yang telah membuat suatu usaha tas rajutan, kemudian mengajak teman-teman untuk ikut bekerja sama membantu menyelesaikan pekerjaan sesuai pesanan itu sudah cukup baik. Namun yang dirasakan mitra sampai saat ini masih belum mendapatkan keuntungan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan dikarenakan dalam menentukan harga jual masih melihat kondisi pemesan. Artinya jika pemesan  dari kelas menengah kebawah atau teman-teman yang sudah dianggap akrab, harga yang diberikan adalah harga modal. Namun jika yang memesan dari kalangan menengah ke atas, harga yang ditetapkan lebih mahal. Penentuan kalangan menengah ke bawah dan kalangan menengah ke atas tersebut adalah berdasarkan penglihatan yaitu dengan melihat kondisi secara kasat mata. Target yang kami harapkan dalam pengabdian kerjasama dosen dan mahasiswa ini adalah mitra dapat menentukan harga jual berdasarkan perhitungan harga pokok produksi sehingga usaha mitra akan menghasilkan keuntungan sesuai dengan biaya dan tenaga yang telah dikeluarkan.  Metode pelaksanaan yang akan dilakukan adalah dengan cara melakukan sosialisasi dan membantu menghitung harga pokok produksi dalam menentukan harga jual.
خواستن و خوازە د هوزانێن جگەرخوینی دا
Authors: Agrin Abdullah , Taha Sagvan A.
Published: July 2019

خواستن و خوازە ئەو دوو هونەرێن رۆنبێژینە یێن گرنگیێ ددەنە ڕامانا ڤەشارتیا بێژەیێ، کۆتێدا پەیڤ یان بێژە نە ژبۆ ئەوێ ڕامانا د بنیاتدا بۆ هاتیەدانان بکاردهێت، ئەگەر پەیوەندى دناڤبەرا ڕامانا ڕاستەقینەیی وڕامانا خوازەییدا وەکهەڤى و لێکچواندن بیت، ئەو خواستنە و ئەگەر نە، دێ بیتە خوازە، هەر هونەرەکى کۆ چەندین جورێن خۆ هەنە، بووینە ئالاڤێن سەرەکیێن دروستکرنا زمانێ هوزانا جگەرخوینی و رۆلەکێ مەزن د چێکرنا وێنەیێن هونەریێن هوزانێن ویدا دگێرن.
الاطار القانوني لعقد استثمار الطاقة الكهربائية )عقد استثمار الطاقة الكهربائية بين حكومة اقليم كوردستان وشركة ماس العالمية نموذجا(
Authors: Ismael Heval S. , Othman Omed S.
Published: July 2019

يعد عقد استثمار الطاقة الكهربائية من العقود المهمة في الوقت الحاضر، وذلك لكونه من العقود ذات الصلة بالتنمية الاقتصادية من جانب ومن جانب اخر لها علاقة بالمرافق الخدمية التي لا يمكن الاستغناء عتها، وعليه تسعى الدول النامية التي تعجز عن توفير الطاقة الكهربائية الى القطاع الخاص من خلال ابرام عقود مع المستثمرين الاجانب المختصين في هذا المجال، مع توفير بيئة استثمارية ملائمة لهم، وعادة يفضل المستثمر الاجنبي الى التعاقد مع الدولة بأسلوب عقد B.O.O. (البناء، التشغيل، والتمليك) لان مثل هذا الاسلوب لاتنتقل ملكية المشروع الى الدولة بعد انتهاء من مدة العقد، ونظراً لكون الدولة طرفأ في العقد والطرف الاخر شخص اجنبي فقد اختلف الفه حول تحديد الطبيعة القانونية لمثل هذا العقد فمنهم من يرى بان مثل هذه العقود هي عقود ادارية ويخضع احكامه الى القانون العام، بينما هناك اتجاه حديث يستبعد مثل هذه العقود للقانون العام ويعطيه الطبيعة الخاصة، كما ان لهذه العقود لها خصوصياتها من حيث الالتزامات المترتبة عليها والالية المختارة لتسوية المنازعات الناشئة عنه. وعليه قامت حكومة اقليم كوردستان بتعاقد بتلك الاسلوب مع احدى الشركات الاجنبية لتقوم هذا الاخير بتجهيز الطاقة الكهربائية لوزارة الكهرباء ليتسنى هذا الاخير بتجهيزها الى المواطنيين.
Perbedaan Luaran Maternal dan Perinatal pada Ibu Bersalin Usia Reproduksi Sehat dan Usia Berisiko
Authors: Wahyuni Seri , Riyanti Riyanti
Published: July 2019

The old age mother has a risk to get a complication in pregnancy and parturition much higher than reproductive age mother.Â  According to Yensi study (2015), that of the 226 women giving birth over the age of 35 years, as many as 125 people (55.3%) had a history of abnormal pregnancy. In addition, most of the type of labor is by Sectio Caesarea (SC) a total of 119 (51.7%) and suffered complications as much as 44.7%. This study was to identify differences in maternal and perinatal outcomes between healthy reproductive age and risky age maternal in Cempaka Room, Doctor Doris Sylvanus Regional Public Hospital, Palangkaraya. The study design was case-control, data retrieved by conducting interviews at birth mothers in the Cempaka room dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya. The research sample consisted of 30 samples of mothers of reproductive age (20-35 years) and 30 samples of old-risk maternal age (>35 years). The Data were taken from September to November 2016. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square, Odds ratio, and logistic regression analysis. The results showed that birth weight babies in reproductive age maternal different from risky age maternal (OR=7, 95% CI=1.4 to 35.5). This means that the risky age maternal has seven times greater to give birth a baby with body weight <2500 g or >4000 g. While maternal and perinatal outcomes on the kind of labor, bleeding, gestation, and asphyxia no difference. The difference of perinatal outcomes in the maternal reproductive age between healthy reproductive age and risky age maternal was of infant birth weight. It was recommended that pregnant women and maternity in the age range of 20-35 years.
Pengaruh Pemberian Terapi Audio Murottal Qurâ€™an Surat Ar - Rahman terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada Pasien Pre-Operasi Katarak Senilis
Authors: Syafei Abdul , Suryadi Yogik
Published: July 2019

The cataractâ€™s prevalence was still high in Indonesia, according to medical record data of Eye South Sumatera Province Hospital, the year 2016, found that Senile cataracts were ranked first of the top 10 outpatient diseases, amounted 8.275 people. According to the Health Ministry of Indonesia, the year 2014, 8.1% patient have fear of surgery or anxiety. This study was to determine the effect of murrotal audio therapy of Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman to the level of anxiety in pre-surgery senile cataract patients at Eye Hospital of South Sumatra Province. The design of this research was pre-experiment using quantitative approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews and observations using questionnaires, before intervention and after the intervention. The number of samples was 56 respondents and taken by accidental sampling technique. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis with Nonparametric statistical test, Marginal Homogeneity Test. The result showed that patients with anxiously heavy was 28 people (50.0%) before the murottal treatment of Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman, and patients with anxious very heavy were 28 people (50.0%). After intervention or treatment using murottal audio therapy Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman, 16 people (28.6%) were moderate anxiety, 35 people (62.5%) were anxiously heavy, and 5 people (8.9%) were anxious very heavy. It can be concluded that there was the influence of anxiety differences of respondents before and after given audio therapy Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman.
Pengaruh Kerja Shift terhadap Kadar Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) dalam Serum Darah
Authors: Murwidi Imam Cahyo
Published: July 2019

This study was to know shift work influences to increases levels of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) in the blood serum which is a marker of pancreatic beta cell destruction.The study method was quasi-experimental with the non-randomize pretest-posttest control group design. Subjects in this study were nurses at the R.A. Kartini Jepara hospital, female, aged 25 to 50 years, BMI 18.5 to 24.9, a work period of more than three years, did not have a routine or schedule a job outside the main working and randomize blood glucose less than 200 mg/dl. The sample size was 20 shift worker nurses and 20 non-shift worker nurses. GAD65 examination with ELISA method. The data study was analyzed with Wilcoxon test, paired t-test and independent t-test.The study results showed significant difference (p Wilcoxon test = 0.04) between the mean levels of GAD65 shift workers group pretest (0.189 Â± 0.180 ng/ml) with posttest (0.334 Â± 0.334 ng/ml). Not significant (p Paired t-test = 0.081) difference between the mean levels of GAD65 non-shift worker group pretest (0.326 Â± 0.284 ng/ml) with posttest (0.218 Â± 0.164 ng/ml). Significant (p Independent t-test = 0.008) difference between the mean delta GAD65 shift workers group (0.307 Â± 0.145 ng/ml) with the non-shift workers group (- 0.107 Â± 0.261 ng/ml).It can be concluded that shift work can increase GAD65 levels in blood serum but still within the normal range.
Dampak Kehamilan Tidak Diinginkan terhadap Perawatan Kehamilan dan Bayi (Studi Fenomenologi) di Kota Bogor
Authors: Nawati Nawati , Nurhayati Farial
Published: July 2019

Unwanted pregnancy was a global social and health challenge. Worldwide 38% of pregnancies were undesirable pregnancies of 80 million pregnancies per year (WHO, 2013). The number of unintended pregnancies in Indonesia was difficult to know and has never been studied in depth either the reason or the attempts made to end the pregnancy. An unwanted pregnancy would have an impact on pregnancy and baby care. Purposes of the study were to determine the effect of unwanted pregnancy on the treatment of pregnancy and infant. The dependent variable of this research was pregnancy and infant care, whereas unwanted pregnancy was an independent variable. This study was a qualitative type of phenomenological study. Data collection used in-depth interview techniques with a reason to get more in-depth information about something that was related to the impact of unwanted pregnancy. The number of respondents based on adequacy and suitability of data. Data analysis techniques were used core analysis. The number of informants in this study was 8 people. The impact of unwanted pregnancy on pregnancy care in this study identified three themes: Themes 1. Psychosocial Problems The Impact of Unwanted Pregnancy, Theme 2 Rejection of Pregnancy and theme 3 Lack of Pregnancy Treatment. While the impact of unwanted pregnancy on infant care identified 1 theme: Need Time to Receive Baby. Hospitals/ Public Health Centres should conduct intensive counseling on mothers with unwanted pregnancies, that is a Family support coaching program.
Pengaruh Penyuluhan Kanker Serviks terhadap Motivasi Keikutsertaan Wanita Melakukan Pemeriksaan Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA)
Authors: Sawitri Sawitri , Sunarsih Sunarsih
Published: July 2019

The Data obtained at Panca Jaya of Mesuji Regency on January-June of 2016, out of 430 women of childbearingÂ  age who did pap smear and IVA, as many 2 people (0,46%) was detected of having cervical cancer stage 1b, 57 people (13,4%) experiencing pre-cervical cancer lesions which were marked by inflammation, vaginal discharge, redness in the cervix, there was a lump in the cervix and the rest with the normal condition. This study was to be known the influence of cervix cancer socialization toward the motivation of womenâ€™s participation in doing Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (IVA). This research was quantitative research, with Quasi-Experiment research. The population in this research was the women who were at working area of Adi Luhur Community Health Centre, Pancajaya sub-District of Mesuji Regency, on January of 2017 as many 2361 people. Total samples were 96 respondents. Sample taking was proportional random sampling method. Data were collected using questionnaire. The research was done on the date of Mei 1st-20th July 2017. The data was analyzed by univariate (mean) and bivariate (t-test). The result showed that the average score of motivation before the socialization was 42,79 with deviation standard of 7,367. The average score of motivation after the socialization was 62,00 with deviation standard of 6,059. There was the influence of socialization about cervix cancer with the motivation of participating on examination of IVA on women to do Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (IVA) (t-test> t-table 21,125>1.714, p-value<0,05). It was suggested that Community Health Centre to improve the skill for the staff in the field about socialization technique, also give the facility for sufficient socialization so that they can improve the motivation for the women.
Pengaruh Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di BPM Maimunah Palembang
Authors: Afriyani Rahmalia , Savitri Ika , Sa'adah Nur
Published: July 2019

Breast milk is the best food for an infant. Toddlers are faster affected by the chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes when they grow up. The main causes are less quality of getting the exclusive breastfeeding. The percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in Maimunahâ€™s midwifery lab work was only77,09% in 2016. The purpose of this study was to determine those factors that influenced exclusive breastfeeding in Maimunahâ€™s midwifery lab work Palembang. This study was about a quantitative one with a cross-sectional approach and carried on 2nd-15th of August 2016. There were 94 qualified respondents and the data collection was done by using the questionnaire. The data were analyzed by frequency test, chi-square test, and logistic regression. The shown that 62.8% who gave the exclusive breastfeeding, 55,3% didnâ€™t work,Â  47,9% were in an age of 20-30, 59,6% had high education, and 63,8% had children â‰¥2. Meanwhile, there was a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding with the occupation (p-value=0.000), age (p-value=0.025), educationÂ  (p-value=0,020), and parity (p-value=0.022). The result of multivariate analysis shown that influential factors of exclusive breastfeeding were occupational, age and parity. Furthermore, the most influential factor was an occupation with OR = 10.197.Â  It was suggested to improve the motivation of working mothers to have the exclusive breastfeeding by facilitating them with the corner of breastfeeding in their office.
Pola Pemberian MP-ASI pada Balita Usia 6-24 Bulan
Authors: Amperaningsih Yuliati , Sari Siska Aulia , Perdana Agung Aji
Published: July 2019

WHO in WHA reported that 60% of direct and indirect infant deaths were caused by malnutrition and 2/3 of these deaths were associated with poor feeding practices in infants and children. Based on PSG results in 2016, Lampung and Bandar Lampung acute and chronic community nutritional problems (short prevalence â‰¥20% and thin â‰¥5%). The purpose of this study is to know the pattern of giving of breast milk in infants aged 6-24 months in the work area of Puskesmas Kota Baru New Town Bandar Lampung in 2017. This research is a qualitative research with phenomenology approach. Information obtained by conducting in-depth interviews, FGD, and observation. Informants in this study consisted of 5 main informants, 2 informants triangulation. The results showed that the form of MP-ASI have given for the age of 6-8 months and 12-24 months was appropriate but for 9-11 months age was not yet appropriate. The amount given is still less than the need with the frequency of giving 2-3 times a day plus 2 times a distraction. Type of MP-ASI is a local MP-ASI and MP-ASI manufacturer. How to serve in the form of dilute and liquid who fed by the mother. Raw food ingredients are stored separately with cooked foods. Feeding meals and suggestions are from their own mothers. Advice for MP-ASI counselors to provide regular and recorded counseling so that the stages and success of counseling can be evaluated.
Konsumsi Vitamin D dan Zink dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Sekolah SD Negeri 77 Padang Serai Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Putri Mia Lestari , Simanjuntak Betty Yosephin , W. Tetes Wahyu
Published: July 2019

Deficiency of micronutrition is one of the factors which influence the deficiency of chronic nutrition. Deficiency of vitamin D can lower the absorption of calcium and phosphor. Deficiency of zinc can stunt children because zinc has the main role on growth acceleration period both before and after their birth. One of the impacts of chronic nutrition deficiency is the descending of growth acceleration or linear disturbance so the children fail on gaining height potency which causes the children to become stunt. This research is purposed to know the relation of consuming vitamin D and zinc with the stunting of the students of SD Negeri 77 Padang Serai Kota Bengkulu. This research is kind of analytical observation research with a cross-sectional approach which is done from January to April in SD Negeri 77 Padang Serai Kota Bengkulu. There are 80 subjects in this research. The variable which is observed about consuming vitamin D, consuming zinc and stunting the analysis used a chi-square test. In this research, the data is collected by using an interview with semi FFQ form (Food Frequency Questionnaire). The result of this research shows that there is a relation between consuming zinc and stunting to the students of SD Negeri 77 Padang Serai Kota Bengkulu, however, there is no relation between consuming vitamin D and stunting to the students of SD Negeri 77 Padang Serai Kota Bengkulu.
Efektivitas Kompres Bawang Merah terhadap Nyeri Sendi pada Lansia
Authors: Fadlilah Siti , Widayati Ririn Wahyu
Published: July 2019

One of the changes in the musculoskeletal system such as changes in muscles and joint bones is the most common among the elderly aged > 60 years. The percentage of the joint pain among the elderly in the special region of Yogyakarta is 25.4%. If not treated immediately the incidence rate of the joint disease will increase significantly. This can be overcome by providing an intervention in the form of onion compress. The result of a preliminary study indicated that 22 elderly people experienced the joint pain. The objective is to investigate the effectiveness of onion compress in the joint pain among the elderly in Sanggrahan Hamlet, Wedomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Research Method is this was a quantitative study, namely a quasi-experimental study. The sample consisted of 15 people. The sampling technique was the purposive sampling technique. The measurement instrument was the pain ratio scale. The statistical test was the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results are The mean scores of the pain scale before and after onion compress were 5.2 and 2.4 with a mean difference of 2.8. The bivariate test yielded p-value=0.001. Conclusion and Suggestion are Onion compress is effective to decrease the joint pain among the elderly in Sanggrahan Hamlet, Wedomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The respondents are expected to be able to apply an onion compress as a complementary therapy for the joint pain.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Biji Bintaro (Cerbera manghas) sebagai Larvasida Hayati pada Larva Aedes aegypti Instar III
Authors: Wulandari Khoiriyanti , Ahyanti Mei
Published: July 2019

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) or Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by a virus which is very dangerous because it can cause the patient to die within a few days. Bandar Lampung city itself is a dengue endemic area. According to data from the Lampung Provincial Health Office, in 2015, from 15 there were 2,996 deaths in 31 people. The study aimed to knowing the effectiveness of bintaro seed extract (Cerbera manghas) as larvacide in III instars Aedes aegypti larvacides experimental research with post test only control group design. The sampling method was purposive sampling. Independent variables were bintaro seed extract (dose and time), the dependent variable was Aedes aegypti larvAedes The results showed that from 5 types of doses with 5 repetitions, the death result of Aedes aegypti larvae with a dose of 0% had no mortality, a dose of 0.1% with an average of 12.55, a dose of 0.5% with an average of 15.15 , 1% dose with an average of 18.20, a dose of 1.5% with an average of 22.15, and a dose of 2% with an average of 25. At the time of contact, the death result of the larvae was found with an average 6-hour contact time. an average of 8.70, 12 hours with an average of 14.13, 24 hours with an average of 18.37 and 48 hours with an average of 20.83. According to the results of statistical tests, the most effective effect of bintaro seed extract dosage is at a dose of 1.5% and contact time of 6 hours.
Prevalensi HIV dan HBV pada Kalangan Remaja
Authors: Naully Patricia Gita , Romlah Sitti
Published: July 2019

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that infects a human immune system. HIV route of transmission is similar to Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), which is a virus that causes cirrhosis and liver cancer. Infection of HIV and HBV still remain a health problem in Indonesia. In Cimahi City, the number of HIV case is increasing, including in teenagers. Therefore, this study aims to determine HIV and HBV prevalence among teenager aged 15-19 years old who live in sub-district South Cimahi. The sample used is from adolescents aged 15-19 years who live in District Cimahi South. Venipuncture is done only on respondents who have filled informed consent and questionnaire. Laboratory testing conducted consisted of anti-HIV and HBsAg testing using immunochromatography. Data obtained from laboratory testing is analyzed using a logistic regression method. Of 100 adolescence, one person is found infected with HIV and two are infected with HBV. Based on statistical data, age; education; and frequent changes in sexual partners, significantly influence the HIV prevalence (p <0.05). In HBV, factors that significantly influence prevalence are: age, education, piercing, and vaccination (p <0.05). From all the results it can be concluded that HIV and HBV case among adolescents aged 15-19 years found in sub-district of South Cimahi has the prevalence of 1% for HIV and 2% for HBV.
Pengaruh Terapi Token terhadap Kemampuan Mengontrol Perilaku Kekerasan pada Pasien Gangguan Jiwa
Authors: Sunarsih Sunarsih , Manurung Idawati , Holidy Holidy
Published: July 2019

Perilaku kekerasan adalah suatu bentuk perilaku yang bertujuan untuk melukai seseorang secara fisik maupun psikologis bisa dilakukan secara verbal, diarahkan pada diri sendiri, orang lain, dan lingkungan. Token Ekonomi adalah suatu wujud modifikasi yang dirancang untuk meningkatkan perilaku yang diinginkan dan pengurangan perilaku yang tidak diinginkan dengan pemakaian token (hadiah-hadiah).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai rata-rata kemampuan mengontrol diri pasien rawat inap di LKS-ODK Kemiling Bandar Lampung sebelum dan setelah dilakukan terapi token.Jenis penelitian ini adalahquasy experimental dengan rancangan pretest-posttest one group design.Jumlah sampel sebanyak 20 orang, dipilih dengan purposive sampling.Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar observasi.Hasil yang didapat adalah rata-rata nilai kemampuan mengontrol perilaku kekerasan sebelum dilakukan terapi token adalah 20,05, dan rata-rata nilai kemampuan mengontrol perilaku kekerasan setelah mendapat terapi token adalah 36,20. Hasil uji dependen sample t-test didapat bahwa ada pengaruh kemampuan mengontrol perilaku kekerasan sebelum dan setelah dilakukan terapi token (p value 0,00<0,05). Diharapkan petugas kesehatan dapat lebih meningkatkan intervensi pada asuhan keperawatan untuk pasien-pasien gangguan jiwa, khususnya perilaku kekerasan dengan menerapkan terapi aktivitas kelompok dan terapi token secara terprogram dan terstruktur.
Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Pada Penderita DM Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kabupaten Lampung Utara
Authors: Pratomo Imam Budi , Apriyani Heni
Published: July 2019

International DiabetesFederation (IDF) menyatakan bahwa lebih dari 371 juta orang di dunia yangberumur 20-79 tahun menderita diabetes. Indonesia merupakan negara urutan ke-7 dengan prevalensi diabetes tertinggi di dunia.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran nilai Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) penderita DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kabupaten Lampung Utara. Penelitian dengan rancangan deskriptif dilakukan selama 2 minggu. Penelitian melibatkan 98 responden penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 yang terdaftar di Puskesmas Kotabumi Kabupaten Lampung Utara. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah total populasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik penderita DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kotabumi yaitu perempuan sebanyak 62 orang (63,3 %), laki-laki 36 orang (36,7%), dan responden berusia >60 tahun sebanyak 37 orang (37,9%). Sedangkan klasifikasi nilai ABI menunjukkan bahwa 77,5% responden adalah normal, sedangkan 22,5% responden adalah borderline perfusion.Saran bagi Puskesmas diharapkan dapat menerapkan pemeriksaan ABI terhadap penderita DM guna diagnosis awal sirkulasi bagi penderita DM. Pada pasien yang memiliki ABI nornal diharapkan untuk dilakukan penyuluhan tentang diet dan aktivitas guna mempertahankan bahkan meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderita diabetes. Pasien dengan ABI borderlineperfusion, diharapkan untuk dilakukan penyuluhan tentang diet,pengaturan aktivitas, konsultasi gizi, dan terapi aktivitas fisik (olahraga) guna mengurangi / mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Tentang Anemia dengan Kejadian Anemia di Kabupaten
Authors: Laksmita Safira , Yenie Helmi
Published: July 2019

Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia terutama negara berkembang. Anemia banyak terjadi pada masyarakat terutama pada remaja putri. Hasil pra survey pada 40 remaja putri kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Talang Padang di dapatkan 70% mengalami anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Tentang Anemia Dengan Kejadian Anemia Di
Kabupaten Tanggamus. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan data diperoleh dengan cara pembagian angket dan pemeriksaan kadar Hb. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh remaja putri kelas IX di SMA Negeri 1 Talang Padang yang berjumlah 231 responden. Sampel diperoleh dengan teknik sistematik random sampling dan diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 145 responden. Analisa data menggunakan analisa univariat dan bivariat. Analisa univariat menggunakan persentase, sedangkan analisa bivariat menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 53,1% remaja putri memiliki pengetahuan kurang dan 46,9% memiliki pengetahuan cukup. Pada kejadian anemia diperoleh, 62,8% remaja putri mengalami anemia, dan 37,2% tidak mengalami anemia. Kesimpulan diperoleh adanya hubungan antara Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Tentang Anemia Dengan Kejadian Anemia (p-value 0,034, OR 2,22). Saran untuk tempat penelitian diharapkan adanya upaya penurunan angka kejadian anemia dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan kadar Hb pada remaja putri oleh petugas Puskesmas.
Hubungan Kualitas Pelayanan Antenatal dengan Kelengkapan Ibu Hamil dalam Melakukan Antenatal Care
Authors: Patria Armen , Amatiria Gustop
Published: July 2019

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Indonesia masih tinggi yaitu 228 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Risiko kematian ibu selama kehamilan dan persalinan dapat dikurangi bila ibu hamil memeriksakan kehamilannya sedini mungkin dan tepat waktu.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas pelayanan antenatal dengan kelengkapan ibu hamil dalam melakukan antenatal di Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain studi Cross Sectionalpada 160 orang ibu yang mempunyai bayi ≤ 6 bulan dan pernah memeriksakan kehamilannya selama hamil ke 4 puskesmas yang terpilih sebagai sampel. Variabel dependent adalah kelengkapan ibu dalam melakukan antenatal,  variabel independent adalah kualitas pelayanan antenatal,Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara kualitas pelayanan antenatal dengan kelengkapan ibu hamil dalam melakukan antenatal. Ibu yang menilai pelayanan antenatal yang diterimanya berkualitas cenderung hampir 4 kali untuk melakukan pemeriksaan antenatal secara lengkap dibandingkan dengan ibu yang menilai kualitas antenatal yang diterimanya kurang. Sedangkan variabel kovariat yang bermakna dalam kelengkapan ibu hamil melakukan antenatal adalah variabel pendidikan dan sikap dari ibu. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka kualitas pelayanan antenatal perlu ditingkatkan dengan cara melaksanakan pembinaan dan monitoring secara berkala kepada petugas kesehatan, memberikan pelatihan teknis tentang pelayanan antenatal kepada petugas and petugas kesehatan memberikan pelayanan antenatal sesuai standar.
PERBANDINGAN HASIL PEMOLESAN ANTARA BAHAN POLES PUMICE DENGAN ABU GOSOK PADA GIGI TIRUAN LEPASAN AKRILIK
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Elina Lies
Published: July 2019

Salah satu tahap yang penting dalam pembuatan basis akrilik adalah tahap  finishing dan poleshing. Pada tahap ini digunakan alat dan bahan yang abrasif untuk menghilangkan guratan.Pumice merupakan bahan yang biasa digunakan untuk menghaluskan permukaan. Selain  pumice, terdapat bahan abu gosok yang belum pernah digunakan namun mempunyai komposisi bahan yang hampir sama dengan pumice dan  tekstur yang lebih kasar  sehingga bisa menggantikan pumice.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan sampel sebanyak 27 buah lempengan akrilik dengan 2 permukaan yang mempunyai ukuran (tinggi : 3mm, panjang : 4cm, dan lebar 3 cm). Pada setiap permukaan sampel akan dipoles dengan 2 bahan yang berbeda yaitu pumice dan abu gosok dengan waktu yang berbeda yaitu <10 menit, 10 menit, >10 menit.  Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah univariat dengan menampilkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan kemudian diuraikan secara deskriptif dan bivariat dengan tes Anova.Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan variabel waktu dan bahan berpengaruh signifikan secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil pemolesan gigi tiruan akrilik.Kesimpulannya Pemolesan dengan abu gosok pada waktu < 10 menit sudah dapat menghasilkan permukaan gigi tiruan yang halus dan lebih mengkilap, sedangkan pumice membutuhkan waktu 10 menit untuk menghasilkan permukaan yang halus dan mengkilap. Disarankan   Jurusan Teknik gigi  dapat menggunakan abu gosok sebagai pengganti bahan pumice untuk menghemat biaya praktikum.
STRES PADA REMAJA PUTERI YANG MENGALAMI DYSMENORRHEA DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Pengesti Ayudiah , Pranajaya R. , Nurchairina Nurchairina
Published: July 2019

Dysmenorrhea merupakan kejadian yang sering dialami para wanita khususnya remaja yang berusia 10-20 tahun. Angka kejadian di Bandar Lampung masih tinggi, yaitu 71,4%. Kejadian dysmenorrhea menyebabkan sebagian besar remaja mengalami stres. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh siswi sebuah sekolah di Bandar Lampung, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 80 sampel yang ditetapkan dengan teknik random sampling. Data yang diambil adalah data primer, alat yang digunakan berupa kuesioner.Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dengan persentase dan bivariat dengan Chi Square.Hasil penelitian responden yang mengalami stress 76%, kemudian yang mengalami dysmenorrhea primer 81%. Hasil uji statistik dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara stress dengan kejadian dysmenorrhea primer dengan p-value 0,003dan OR=5,610. Saran bagi petugas kesehatan di sekolah-sekolah agar dapat melakukan kegiatan non akademik di sekolah seperti senam setiap seminggu sekali untuk merelaksasikan diri serta memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang stress dan dysmenorrhea primer pada siswi setiap sebulan sekali untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan mengetahui cara pencegahan penanganan ketika mengalami stress dan dysmenorrhea primer.
PENGARUH TERAPI DISTRAKSI VISUAL DENGAN MEDIA VIRTUAL REALITY TERHADAP INTENSITAS NYERI PASIEN POST OPERASI LAPARATOMI
Authors: Yadi Rahmat Deri , Handayani Ririn Sri , Bangsawan Merah
Published: July 2019

Nyeri post operasi laparotomi dapat dikelola dengan terapi farmakologi dan non farmakologi. Perawat memiliki peran yang sentral dalam upaya penurunan nyeri melalui berbagai modalitas keperawatan mandiri. Salah satunya adalah teknik distraksi visual dengan media virtual reality. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi distraksi visual dengan media virtual reality terhadap intensitas nyeri pada pasien post operasi laparatomi.Desain penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest-posttest.Teknik sampling menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 11 responden. Data nyeri dikumpulkan pre dan post tindakan, selanjutnya dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata- rata intensitas nyeri sebelum terapi distraksi visual dengan media virtual reality 5.18dengan  standar deviasi 0.751. Sedangkan intensitas nyeri sesudah terapi 3.55 dengan standar deviasi 1.036.Hasil uji statistik didapatkan hasil p-value 0.002 (p-value 0.002 < α 0.05), maka disimpulkan ada pengaruh terapi distraksi visual dengan media virtual reality terhadap intensitas nyeri pada pasien post operasi laparatomi. Peneliti menyarankan agar terapi distraksi visual dengan media virtual reality digunakan sebagai salah satu intervensi mandiri keperawatan pada masalah nyeri pasien post operasi.