bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Carpathian Branch of Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Malytskyi D.V. , Kravets S. V. ,   Carpathian Branch of the Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The thesis applies for the original geodynamical investigations of the Transcarpathians territory. New laser-digital techniques of tension and weather-temperature observations on the base of author’s implementations were used. Such techniques allow to observe and study sub-low geological processes and movements before, during and after earthquakes, create a of tension and weather-temperature data base, make complex analyses and processing of geophysical information.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of NAS of Ukraine, Medvid H.
Published: December 2020

Paleohydrodynamic schemes of the Badenian-Sarmatian deposits of the north-western part of the Outer zone of the Pre-Carpathian foredeep are built on the basis of paleohydrodynamic reconstruction of paleopressures of formation waters of elision stage of sedimentary basin. Results of paleohydrodynamic reconstructions have demonstrated that the most part of the explored gas fields of the region is localized in the limits of the marked areas of inherited pressure minima. Comparison paleo- and modern hydrodynamic situation enable us to draw conclusion about conditions of field formation.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine), Myrontsov M.L.
Published: December 2020

Two types of lateral logging equipment for geophysical investigations of horizontal wells are proposed. Effective solution algorithms for lateral logging 3D direct and inverse problems are described.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine), Omelchenko V.D. , Kuchma V. H. ,   Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine)
Published: December 2020

The comparison of the geology-geophysical models of the crust of the Western Donbass makes it possible to obtain new data about the bottom of the earth crust, to marks out a reduced velocity in the middle earth crust part in joints area of Donbass and the Voronezh massif and data of another features of the lithosphere structure.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Scientific and Technic Company ", Onyshchuk O. M. ,   DEPROIL LTD", Fedchenko T. O. ,   Scientific and Technic Company "DEPROIL LTD", Petrovskyi O. P. ,   Scientific and Technic Company "DEPROIL LTD", Kazyuka I. ,   Carpathian Branch of Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The report is devoted to an actual problem of studying the deep structure of the Carpathian region. Our research is based on creating a spatial integral seismic-gravity model. Gained results gave the opportunity to single out a number of lowered and raised blocks of the basement which correlate with the main tectonic units of the region and specify its geological structure. Further studying of the territory requires conduction of regional seismic investigation and its integral interpretation.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine), Orlyuk M. , Romenets A. O. ,   Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine)
Published: December 2020

Determination of space-temporal structure of the magnetic field of Earth’s (MFE) on its surface and in fellow creature space is extremely necessary and actual, in connection with its influence on the character of passing of processes in magnetosphere and ionosphere, and on machineries and size of magnetic activity, which are considered as a substantial ecological factor.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine), Pihulevskyi P. H. , Svystun V. K. ,   Dnipro Geophysical Expedition "Dniprogeophysics" (DGE) "; Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The preliminary interpretation results of monitoring data of hydrodynamic parameters of groundwater in Dnepropetrovsk region for the purpose of neotectonic changes forecast in the massifs are given. The necessity of creation the national data base of monitoring results of groundwater hydrodynamic parameters, executed at all regions of Ukraine, is pointed out.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Prodaivoda H. T. , Vyzhva S. A. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Onanko Yu. A. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Onanko A. P. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2020

The elastic constants are appraised sandstones of Volino – Podolskiy region, which testify that elastic symmetry is orthorhombic. The anisotropy parameters of rock-collectors are explored from the ultrasonic results measurements of elastic wave velocities. The method of measurings of anisotropy parameters of elastic wave velocities is offered for non-destructive control of structure of sandstones.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Carpathian Branch of Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Pronyshyn R. S. , Kuznietsova V. H. ,   Carpathian Branch of the Institute of Geophysics NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

In the paper discusses the features of long-term seismicity (1961-2010) the territory of Transcarpathian depression and separate seismoactive zones (A, B and C). The relationship of these zones with the main tectonic elements of depression is set. It is proved that the boundary between zones A and B passes through Oash deep fault.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Carpathian Branch of Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Romaniuk O. I. , Petrovskyy A. ,   Carpathian Branch of the Institute of Geophysics  NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The complex of electromagnetic methods was applied to study a karst dangerous “road-dam area on the chemical plant “Sirka”. A productivity each of methods and a possibility to check a state of tamping are described.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS (Mikhnevo), Sanina І. , Kishkina S.B. ,   Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS (Mikhnevo), Loktiev D.M. ,   Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS (Mikhnevo), Nesterkina M.A. ,   Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS (Mikhnevo), Konstantinovskaja N. L. ,   Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS (Mikhnevo), Volosov S.H. ,   Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

The results of mobile small aperture arrays application for control of geological state stability in time of atomic power plants construction in Leningrad and Nizhniy Novgorod regions are presented.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine), Sapuzhak І. Ya.
Published: December 2020

The basic directions of the Action Plan to assess seismic hazard and seismic check of existing nuclear power plants, approved SNRCU and NNEGC "Energoatom", which is the basis for work on seismic monitoring systems of nuclear power plant in Ukraine are represented. The experience of expert of IGPH NAS in this field is explined. The basic principles, their aims and objectives are explined too. The spesification for the Rivne NPP is represented as an example. The situation for each of NPP is outlined for short term.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Carpathian Branch of Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Sapuzhak O. , Syrojezhko O. V. ,   Carpathian Branch of the Institute of Geophysics  NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Algorithms for the mathematical modeling of the direct current electrical prospecting in the 3D complex boundary geomedia are presented. Methods of normalization VES data for the interpretation accounting any surface relief are suggested. Effective algorithms of the direct problem solution for a horizontal layered halfspace are chosen. On the basis of the above the software for electrical prospecting modeling and VES data interpretation is developed.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Lviv polytechnic National University, Tretyak K. R. , Kylchitskiy A. ,   Lviv polytechnic National University, Dultsev A. T. ,   Lviv polytechnic National University, Serant O.V. ,   Lviv polytechnic National University, Golubinka Y.I. ,   Lviv polytechnic National University, Kuznietsova V. H. ,   Carpathian Branch of the Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Velocities of displacements of permanent GPS stations, located in Carpathian and Balkans region are computed. As a result directions and velocities of regional and local geodynamic movements are obtained. The estimation of the influence tereynov and suture to the modern tectonic activitythe earth's crust in the region.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   The Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kharin E.P. , Shestopalov I.P. ,   The Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

The paper presents some results of long-term studies of the association of seismicity of the Earth with solar activity using the database Word Data Centers for the solar activity and seismicity of the Earth.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Lviv Ivan Franko National University, Shevchuk V. , Ivanik O. M. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Tustanovska L. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2020

Structural-morphometric analysis and study of Kaniv Near-Dniper relief with the using of the spatial analysis and modeling has been carried out. Base level and vertex hypsometry surfaces with different order have been created. There analysis allowed to define the phases of the relief evolution in this region. The relief evolution character during neotectonic stage has been described.
THE INTRODUCTION OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Department of Architecture of Buildings and Structures, D. Bakhtin
Published: December 2020

The article identifies the main conditions and problems of introducing energy-efficient technologies for business in Ukraine and considers the design experience of building green commercial buildings that have been erected in recent years (innovative parks UNIT.City in Kiev and LvivTech.City in Lviv, on the Sobachie mouth peninsula, Astarta Business Center in Kiev, etc.) It has been established that the main problem of introducing energy-efficient technologies in public commercial projects is the insufficient participation of the state in financing and stimulating business. To establish this process, it is necessary to amend the legislation on land, on technology parks, on the procedure for taxation and subsidies to enterprises that develop energy-efficient technologies in construction at different levels. The features of Ukrainian development and the dependence of the profitability of the building on the quality of the architectural solution are considered. It has been found that energy-efficient technologies are of interest only to a small fraction of commercial real estate developers who are focused on the development of the IT industry. To be able to deploy economically feasible energy-efficient commercial projects in other sectors, both state support and business entry into foreign investment markets will need additional guarantees and reduce the risk of waiting for a 10-15-year payback period for large-scale innovative projects. It was revealed that the IT industry has become a catalyst for the development of innovations in the field of energy-efficient construction. Thanks to it, architects were able to realize energy-efficient public buildings of the commercial sector, which are the prototypes for further similar design in Ukraine and the basis for developing the principles of "green" construction, the main provisions of which can be reflected in the changes to the state building standards of Ukraine.
The problems and offers for modernization of the educational and recreational camp “Polytechnic – 3” Lviv Polytechnic National University in Kobleve Mykolaiv region”
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University Department of Architectural Design and Engineering, I. Hnes , L. Solovij ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University Department of Architectural Project and Engineering, M. Brodskyi ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University Department of Architectural Project and Engineering
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the issues of modernization of the educational and recreational camp “Polytechnic – 3” Lviv Polytechnic National University in Kobleve Mykolaiv region. The goals are to increase profitability, general amenities, attraction and provide competitive ability in comparison with other similar neighboring works. The main problems that have accumulated over the exploitation period of the work are analyzed and systematized according to their degree of relevance. Moreover the variants and ways of their solution are offered. It is suggested: the set of measures for developing the camp infrastructure in order to increase extremely the duration of the holiday season (up to 5 – 6 months) and expand the list of the categories of the potential campers; the introduction of the objects for varying the relaxation and the compensation of possible periods of bad weather; re-equipment of dormitories in accordance with the modern standards; expanding of typology of the dormitories and houses by the introduction of exclusive dwelling units; the adaptation of the camp objects to the requirement of business tourism; improvement of outdated engineering and technical infrastructure. The reconditioning of the camp is offered in order to increase its general attraction, while at the same time, the implementation of the objects are realized in the order of their relevance and in accordance with the owner’s investment opportunities. The suggested concepts of modernization the educational and recreational camp “Polytechnic 3” that is introduced in the article, are recommended to use as a basis for establishing an integrated development program of the camp, the requirement for development of which is evident as well as the development of a new general plan of the camp.
NEW WOODEN TEMPLES IN THE STRUCTURE OF LVIV CITY SPACES
Authors:   Lviv Politechnic National University, Department of Architecture and Conservation, R. Hnidets , M. Yasinskyi ,   Lviv Politechnic National University, Department of Architecture and Conservation
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the peculiarities of the formation and location in the structure of urban spaces, modern wooden temple architecture, its harmonious coexistence with the existing residential and public environment of Lviv. There is also a need to show the features of the material (wood) and its relief, namely the texture as a component of the perception of image and form, which accentuate the building of the temple in the urban spatial structure of Lviv.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF LOW-STOREY HOUSING IN THE LATE 1950s IN LVIV
Authors:   Lviv Politechnic National University, the Department of Urban Planning and Design, V. Didyk
Published: December 2020

In 1957-1960, the mass construction of one-story attics and two-story buildings began to solve the problem of providing housing for workers of newly established enterprises. Lviv architects on a competitive basis designed a number of projects, on the basis of which the State Construction Committee of the UkrSSR proposed to the Lviv branch of Dipromist on their basis to develop a unified series of projects of typical one-and two-storey buildings. 136 hectares of land were allocated for housing construction, on which, according to the city master plan, low-rise buildings are planned. It was planned to build houses and separate groups on undeveloped sites in the old residential areas where there were already utilities. New housing construction with a high level of engineering equipment contributes to the improvement of working areas. In residential areas, the construction of schools, children's institutions, cinemas, clinics, shops, consumer services is planned. - Levandivka is transformed into a landscaped village. The quarters are planned according to the manor type. The area of ​​the plot is 0.06 - 0.08 hectares per one-apartment house, ie - 0.03 - 0.04 ha per apartment. It should be noted that the architects of Lviv in their functional-spatial and architectural-planning solutions used the experience of low-rise construction of the period of functionalism of Lviv in the 1930s. Today, many enterprises, near which low-rise buildings were built, have ceased to exist, and multi-storey residential and public buildings are being built on their territory. Part of the low-rise buildings of that period have also been lost, and part is in the process of transformation. Didyk V. and Morklyanyk O. (2003-2018) studies the socio-political preconditions of housing design and construction, localization of construction in the spatial structure of Lviv, analysis of architectural-planning and stylistic solutions of housing and its architectural-spatial transformation. The article analyzes the individual and typical projects of low-rise buildings and notes that despite the simple facades, the houses are architecturally quite expressive. Part of the low-rise buildings of that period has been lost, part is in the stage of transformation and a small part is still preserved almost unchanged. Therefore, those fragments of low-rise buildings and individual houses that still retain architectural expressiveness and functional aesthetics should be preserved as monuments of urban art, architecture and culture.
COMPARISON OF CREATIVITY OF THE WORLD FAMOUS ARCHITECT AND SCENOGRAPHIST F. KIESLER AND SCENOGRAPHIST AND ARCHITECT E. LYSYK
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University Department of architectural environment design, Z. Klymko , O. Proskuryakov ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Design and Fundamentals of Architecture, R. Kubai ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of architectural environment design
Published: December 2020

The end of the XIX and XX centuries, among other things in architecture, design, scenography were marked by the unique work of two great artists - F. Kizler, born September 22, 1890 in Chernivtsi and E. Lysyk, born September 21, 1930 in the village. Cords near Brody. Their birth, life, creative heritage showed and proved that the era of the Great Artists of the universal type, who synthesized architects, painters, sculptors, decorators, the leader among whom was KF Schinkel, did not end there. Both Kizler and Lysyk showed that such creativity not only did not end, but thanks to their activity was reborn, developed and acquired their personal features. Starting his artistic career in theater with spiral, spatial, collapsible stages, "infinite" and "boundless" spherical theaters, F. Kizler designed and implemented a number of scenographic solutions for Karel Chapek's "Ruhr", "In the Garden in the Pasture" in M opera, New York, "No Way Out", "Soldier's Story", in which he used mechanical devices for scenographic solutions, elevators in the stage space, the idea of ​​"plasticization", fountains. Later, F. Kizler put forward the idea of ​​a theater-complex, which in addition to halls and stages, should be cinemas, television studios, radio stations, publishing houses, recording studios, exhibition spaces.
PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONAL AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT MEDIUM-RISE HOUSING IN THE COASTAL REGIONS OF IRAN
Authors:   Kyiv National University  of Construction and Architecture, O. Moradi Pour , S. Siomka ,   Kyiv National University  of Construction and Architecture
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the principles of functional and spatial organization of energy-efficient housing, architectural, artistic and compositional features of the organization of housing with energy-efficient technologies. The article deals with the issues of architectural planning and spatial modification of residential buildings of medium height depending on the natural and climatic conditions and features of the country's region. Special attention is paid to the regions where there are significant water resources. The Persian Gulf and the Caspian sea region in Iran are the most densely populated and represent areas where all four types of possible types of energy-saving technologies are presented: solar, water, wind energy and energy from the earth's interior.
ON THE QUESTION OF ARCHITECTURAL IMAGE OF THE HOLY TRINITY TEMPLE IN PRZEMYSL
Authors:   Lviv Politechnic National University, Department of Design and Fundamentals of Architecture, Z. Senkiv
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the issue of the lost heritage of the Eastern Christian culture of the city of Przemyśl. Being in the area of intense Latin religious expansion, the city underwent numerous transformations and changes, which led to the loss of almost the entire authentic layer relating to the most ancient and Rus` periods in its history. The circle of iconographic materials and the chronology of its origin are given. Highlighted are those images that can be considered closest to the authentic look of a lost building. They are: a drawing of the siege of Przemysl by the troops of Prince Yuri II Rakoczi, which contains information on materials and colors of the Lviv suburbs and a sketch of the same drawing made for the book by L.-A. Guser "Monograph of Przemysl", which gives an idea of some features of the architectural design of the building. A number of iconographic materials and a timeline of their appearance are indicated. Highlighted are those images that can be considered closest to the authentic look of a lost building. They are: a drawing of the siege of Przemysl by the troops of Prince Yuri II Rakoczi, which contains information on materials and colors of this suburb and a sketch of the same drawing made for the book by L.-A. Guser "Monograph of Przemysl", which gives an idea of some features of the architectural design of the building. On the basis of the analysis the hypothetical appearance of the building in the 17th century is outlined. According to him, plan of the temple was a rectangle formed by the merging of the nave and the vestibule, to which was adjacent from the east a large apse of the altar. In terms of space, it looked like an array formed by a stepwise mass of nave and lower vestibule and a high altar apse reaching the height of the nave.
CATEGORIES FOR UNDERSTANDING INDIVIDUALITY IN ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, the Department of Architecture Design and Engineering, A. Smaliychuk , O. Kaushanskiy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University Department of Architecture Design and Engineering
Published: December 2020

Individualism in creativity is one of foundation. Nevertheless that understanding of creativity neediness is deficient today. The category combine, as theory and practice by itself. For identifying individuality, we can use such architectural categories as style, boundary, norm, scale, and fundamental philosophical category as character, identity, method, phenomenon. The problem was researched theorist of architecture O. Rapparot in the context of individuality, creativity and identity. Individuality have multiply nature, that is necessary to fit it connection with , architectural fundamental categories. Temporal context and prevailing style is also worth to consideration. No less important factor influencing of economic to it nowadays. Economic, more precisely the price often acts as a determinant. Сonsidering the complexity of this concept, it is nesecity to define boundaries of individuality. We can divide the Individuality into deep and superficial. Deep individuality is always multiple and generated by many factors with complexity of their relationships. Superficial individuality rather easy to understand, often generated by artistic or compositional factors as usual. Individuality relates to design and architecture in different way. Individuality, as an architecture is generated by uniqueness. It is often the basis of identity, a fundamental category in philosophical discourse. Concept of typology can be a points of connection between architecture and individuality. Concept of individuality have phenomenological nature. We must know about it. Therefore, category of norm can often conflict with individuality, because they have very different foundation. The scale can determinate the borders of individuality. Technology, method and fashion can expand or straiten possibilities for individuality in architecture.
Immunological Approaches and Different Strategies for Vaccine Development Against SARS-COV-2
Authors: Babakir-Mina Muhammed
Published: December 2020

Globally, SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is considered as pandemic viral infection by the World Health Organization (WHO). In the immunological response aspect, a very limited understanding has been progressed, mainly innate and adaptive immunity responses toward the virus. SARS-COV-2 causes severe respiratory disease and sometimes ended with the death. The body of the patients has ability to develop the immunity to cure the patient and more importantly both humoral and cellular immunity have studied against SARS-COV-2. There are different immune responses against the viral infection as it has seen in other previous diseases such as SARS-COV and MESR. On the base on immune response detected in recovered patients, scientists have started to develop the vaccines. Moreover, there are different strategies that used by researchers and pharmacological companies to develop vaccines including attenuated or killed viruses, RNA of a spike protein, and vector expressing a particular protein of the virus. The common antibodies have detected to work against SARS-COV-2 in sera of infected or recovered patients are immunoglobin G ( IgG) and immunoglobin M (IgM). The sera of patients recovered from COVID-19, after tittering of immunoglobulins (IgG titer) can be used for either treatment of disease or prophylaxis of infection by SARS-COV-2. This study gives an update on the current immunological approaches and vaccination strategies for the emerging SARS-COV-2, and discusses the challenges and hurdles to overcome for developing efficacious vaccines against this dangerous pathogen.
The Role of Social Media (YouTube and Snapchat) in Enhancing Saudi EFL Learners' Listening Comprehension Skills
Authors: Nasser Al Harbi Wed
Published: December 2020

Despite of the importance of listening in EFL learning and teaching, this skill is not getting as much attention as other skills. Therefore, learners are less motivated to depend on their listening comprehension as a tool to help them in the process of language learning. Social media, especially YouTube and Snapchat, can be effectively used as a pedagogical tool to enhance the listening skills of EFL learners, compared with other traditional audio recording tools. The objective of this research is to investigate the role of social media (YouTube and snapchat) as a method of teaching, in order to enhance EFL Saudi learners' listening comprehension skills. The primary goal of this study is to know whether social media is capable of developing EFL listening comprehension skills, and gaining the deeper understanding of the presented materials. In addition, using these tools makes them familiar with the target language culture and it's native speakers. In order to achieve this objective; the researcher used a mixed method to ensure the research validity: a questionnaire and a post-test.The participants of the study were 50 female students studying in English Language Centre at Taif University. They were randomly selected and they divided into two groups: the experiment group consisted of 20 female students and the control group consisted of 30 female students. The experiment group was instructed using (YouTube and Snapchat) as the control group using traditional audio method. Then there is a post-test is given to both groups to measure their listening comprehension performance. The findings of the study showed that using social media (YouTube and Snapchat) can enhance the listening skill of Saudi EFL leaners. The researcher recommends conducting more studies on other samples from different studies, age levels and from different environments like the schools or training institutes.
The Impact of Blended Learning on the Twelfth Grade Students’ English Language Proficiency
Authors: Hussein Al Noursi Omar
Published: December 2020

The blended learning approach utilizes modern technologies and electronic media in teaching to create a technology-based environment. However, it is not an exclusive online environment because the teacher and the students have to be present in a traditional face-to-face classroom. It is widely believed that adopting a blended learning approach will enable learners to have quality educational opportunities and improve their performance. The incentive for conducting the research is to evaluate the effect of the blended learning approach on high school students’ English proficiency. Specifically, the study aimed at answering the question: is there a significant difference in the Twelfth-Grade students’ English language proficiency as measured by IELTS due to the model of delivery (Blended learning model and the traditional delivery model)? To achieve the study’s goal, the researcher applied the experimental method and used IELTS to measure language proficiency. The study sample selected purposively consisted of 63 male twelfth-grade students in one of the private schools in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study sample was assigned to two groups: the experimental group taught using blended learning consisted of 31 students, and the control group led by the traditional method consisted of 32 students. The results showed statistically significant differences at the level of (a<0.01) between the means of the results of the two groups on the post achievement test in favor of the experimental group. These results illustrated the impact of adopting the blended learning approach in an English Foreign Language (EFL) setting on students’ achievement in standardized tests. However, the successful implementation of blended learning largely depends on how responsible and committed students are towards active learning.
ON GEOMETRY OF FINSLER CAUSALITY: FOR CONVEX
CONES, THERE IS NO AFFINE-INVARIANT LINEAR
ORDER (SIMILAR TO COMPARING VOLUMES)
Authors: Kosheleva Olga , Kreinovich Vladik
Published: December 2020

Some physicists suggest that to more adequately describe the
causal structure of space-time, it is necessary to go beyond the usual pseudoRiemannian causality, to a more general Finsler causality. In this general case, the set of all the events which can be influenced by a given event is, locally, a generic convex cone, and not necessarily a pseudo-Reimannian-style quadratic cone. Since all current observations support pseudo-Riemannian causality, Finsler causality cones should be close to quadratic ones. It is therefore desirable to approximate a general convex cone by a quadratic one. This can be done if we select a hyperplane, and approximate intersections of cones and
this hyperplane. In the hyperplane, we need to approximate a convex body by an ellipsoid. This can be done in an affine-invariant way, e.g., by selecting, among all ellipsoids containing the body, the one with the smallest volume; since volume is affine-covariant, this selection is affine-invariant. However,
this selection may depend on the choice of the hyperplane. It is therefore desirable to directly approximate the convex cone describing Finsler causality with the quadratic cone, ideally in an affine-invariant way. We prove, however, that on the set of convex cones, there is no affine-covariant characteristic like volume. So, any approximation is necessarily not affine-invariant.
Several years of practice may not be as good as comprehensive training: Zipf’s law explains why
Authors: Zapata Francisco , Kosheleva Olga , Kreinovich Vladik
Published: December 2020

Many professions practice certifications as a way to establish that a person practicing this profession has reached a certain skills level. At first glance, it may sound like several years of practice should help a person pass the corresponding certification test, but in reality, even after several years of practice, most people are not able to pass the test, while after a few weeks of intensive training, most people pass it successfully. This sounds counterintuitive, since the overall number of problems that a person solves during several years of practice is much larger than the number of problems solved during a few weeks of intensive training. In this paper, we show that Zipf’s law explains this seemingly counterintuitive phenomenon.
Lexicographic-Type Extension of Min-Max Logic Is Not Uniquely
Determined
Authors: Kosheleva Olga , Kreinovich Vladik
Published: December 2020

Since in a computer, “true” is usually represented as 1 and “false”

as 0, it is natural to represent intermediate degrees of confidence by numbers intermediate between 0 and 1; this is one of the main ideas behind fuzzy logic – a technique that has led to many useful applications. In many such applications, the degree of confidence in 𝐴 & 𝐵 is estimated as the minimum of the degrees of confidence corresponding to 𝐴 and 𝐵, and the degree of confidence in 𝐴∨𝐵 is estimated as the maximum; for example, 0.5∨0.3 = 0.5. It is intuitively OK that, e.g., 0.5 ∨ 0.3 < 0.51 and, more generally, that 0.5 ∨ 0.3 < 0.5 + 𝜀 for all 𝜀 > 0. However, intuitively, an additional argument in favor of the statement should increase our degree of confidence, i.e., we should have 0.5 < 0.5 ∨ 0.3. To capture this intuitive idea, we need to extend the min-max logic from the interval [0, 1] to a lexicographic-type order on a larger set. Such extension has been proposed – and successfully used in applications – for some propositional formulas. A natural question is: can this construction be uniquely extended to all “and”-“or” formulas? In this paper, we show that, in general, such an extension is not unique.
Sjogren’s syndrome with multi-organ extraglandular manifestations - a case report
Authors: Zehlicke Clarissa-Marie , Vassallo Christian , Chan Wei Li , Debono Ritienne , Coleiro Bernard
Published: December 2020

Background:

Primary Sjogren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disorder characterized by diminished lacrimal and salivary gland functions. Other than the exocrine gland involvement, it is also known to affect other visceral organs, resulting in extraglandular manifestations. Obvious cardiac involvement is rare, with pericardial effusions being the commonest feature. Sjogren’s syndrome is also known to cause renal involvement, with tubulointerstitial nephritis being the most typical.

Case Presentation:

We report of a 37-year-old female with primary Sjogren’s syndrome who developed bilateral parotid swelling, generalized edema, palpable purpura, arthralgias, and dyspnea. Skin biopsy of the purpuric lesions demonstrated leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Echocardiography revealed a low left ventricular ejection fraction (~45%) and a small pericardial effusion (10 mm). These findings together with an abnormally raised NT-proBNP of 2,424 pg/ml were highly suspicious for an autoimmune myocarditis. Proteinuria (1.8 g/24 hours) was present and renal biopsy confirmed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Cryoglobulins were positive. Upon commencement of the treatment, with intravenous bumetanide, pulsed methylprednisolone, and enalapril, the patient experienced rapid symptom resolution.

Conclusion:

The extraglandular manifestations of primary Sjogren’s syndrome are many and may affect more than one organ at the same time. Although rare, autoimmune myocarditis is an important differential in Sjogren’s syndrome patients who present with dyspnea.
Postoperative corneal edema in modern cataract surgery
Authors:   Russian National Research Medical University. N.I. Pirogov, Ministry of Health of Russia, Movsisyan A.B. , Egorov E.A. ,   Russian National Research Medical University. N.I. Pirogov, Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: December 2020

По данным ВОЗ, на сегодня катаракта является одной из основных причин нарушения зрения (33%) после аномалий рефракции [1]. В России на 10000 населения 1200 человек страдают данной патологией [2]. Единственным эффективным методом лечения катаракты является ее экстракция с имплантацией ИОЛ [5]. В настоящее время оперативное лечение катаракты – одно из наиболее распространенных хирургических вмешательств [3, 4]. Ежегодно в мире проводится более 10 млн операций по экстракции катаракты, в России – 542 000 операций [2]. При этом сохраняется тенденция к росту заболеваемости катарактой [1, 2, 6], а следовательно, и потребность к увеличению количества проводимых операций. Современное хирургическое лечение катаракты подразумевает разрушение и удаление хрусталика через малые самогерметизирующиеся разрезы. Самым безопасным и эффективным методом лечения катаракты во всем мире признана ультразвуковая экстракция катаракты с имплантацией интраокулярной линзы [7-10]. В России 3/4 катаракт удаляются данным методом [2]. Однако, несмотря на усовершенствование предоперационной подготовки пациентов, методики факоэмульсификации катаракты, анестезиологического пособия, профилактики бактериальных и воспалительных изменений глаза, а также развития кистозного макулярного отека, осложнения в послеоперационном периоде все же встречаются. Это приводит к увеличению срока реабилитации и может снизить в последующем клинико-функциональные результаты операции
Glaucoma with increased intra-abdominal pressure of organic origin. Clinical case
Authors:   First Moscow State Medical University. THEM. Sechenov, Ministry of Health of Russia, Alubaid Z.A.
Published: December 2020

В связи с большой распространенностью, социальной и медицинской значимостью глаукомы вопрос патогенетически ориентированного лечения этого заболевания остается актуальным. Учитывая клинический полиморфизм данного заболевания, далеко не во всех случаях снижение внутриглазного давления ведет к стабилизации процесса, а прогрессирование глаукомной оптической нейропатии возникает даже на фоне невысоких цифр внутриглазного давления. Дренажная система глаза тесно взаимосвязана с венозной частью глазного кровотока уровнем внутригрудного и внутрибрюшного давления (ВБД). Известно, что внутриглазная жидкость (ВГЖ) из глазного яблока попадает в венозную систему глаза, затем орбиты, головного мозга, в конечном итоге в брахиоцефальные вены. По данным литературы [1], необходим определенный градиент давления между орбитальными и экстраорбитальными венами для нормального оттока как внутриглазной жидкости, так и венозной крови в общий системный кровоток. Влияние венозного кровотока на состояние внутриглазного давления давно и хорошо изучено. Затруднения венозного кровотока в яремных венах достоверно повышает уровень офтальмотонуса [2–4]. Также известно, что увеличение внутригрудного и внутрибрюшного давления, сопровождаемое сокращением мышц брюшной стенки (кашель, натуживание), приводит к резкому кратковременному возрастанию центрального венозного давления (ЦВД), что сопровождается соответственным снижением венозного возврата крови к сердцу [4–8]. Постоянное или даже кратковременное увеличение ЦВД ведет к хроническому венозному полнокровию, нарушению оттока венозной крови из полости черепа, что, помимо многих патологических изменений, может стать причиной подъема внутриглазного давления [1]. Таким образом, важным представляется полноценный сбор анамнеза у пациента с глаукомой и выявление хронических состояний, сопровождающихся повышением внутригрудного и внутрибрюшного давления: хронические запоры и сопряженные с этим состояния, кашель (болезни легких). Не менее важно уделение достаточного внимания офтальмолога на контакт с профильными специалистами для правильного и своевременного лечения вышеописанных патологических состояний.
PROCESSES OF EXTERNAL DIFFUSION OF SORPTION OF POLYUTANTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN FROM LIQUID ENVIRONMENTS BY COMPLEX SORBENTS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Petrushka Ihor , Dmytriv Bogdan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2020

The kinetics of external diffusion of the process of adsorption of livestock waste from wastewater by complex dispersed sorbents has been studied. The optimal dispersed composition and ratios in mass fractions are determined. A comparative analysis of the predicted external diffusion coefficients is performed.
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES AND ITS SUBCULTURE
Authors:   National Academy of Public Administration office of President of Ukraine, Linnikova Tatyana , Yaromich Svitlana ,   National Academy of Public Administration office of President of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article examines the concept, structure and components of organizational culture, identifies the specific features of its formation in public authorities. The approaches to the definition of concepts on the research topic are analyzed. It has been substantiated that organizational culture, as a dynamic formation, contributes to the achievement of strategic goals. It has been determined that the features of organizational culture are inherent in both structural and methodological aspects, and determine its administrative and legal specifics. The authors believe that the introduction of foreign management methods in domestic public authorities requires taking into account national traditions and mentality. Two main tasks of organizational culture have been identified: external integration of the organization and internal tolerant adaptation of employees. The features of all components of the organizational culture have been determined: legal; political; information and communication; moral, ethical and management culture. It is provided a specific concept of «management activities» in the field of public administration, which is seen as intellectual in nature, and is aimed at the development, adoption and practical implementation of specific management decisions. It is emphasized that in the relevant segments of the management system, which have a decisive influence on the life of society, its employees bear special loads and responsibilities. This leads to the fact that their organizational culture has a double meaning: it is aimed at organizing public life and at organizing professionally perfect and state-mature activities of the government apparatus. Of course, the leadership style of a particular organization is also important. It assumes the presence of disciplined employees who clearly follow the orders of their superiors.
INFLUENCE MARKETING AS A EFFECTIVE INSTRUMENT OF BRAND PROMOTION IN SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors:   Kharkiv National University named after V.N. Karazin, Diachenko Kseniia , Evtushenko Victoria ,   Kharkiv National University named after V.N. Karazin
Published: December 2020

The article considers the concepts, purpose, reasons for the formation and development of marketing influence in social networks. The precondition for the emergence of this marketing tool was the active growth of the number of Internet users and, as a consequence, the reorientation of brands to the online environment. It is substantiated that social networks are a modern space for the promotion of goods and services. The increase in the number of users of social networks has led to the emergence of people who develop accounts and are able to influence other users by supporting information with their own authority. In this regard, persons who have acquired the status of influencers are invited by brands to cooperate in order to promote goods and services. The conditions for the formation of a successful influence of the influencer on the audience are determined. An example of the influence of a telecommunications brand campaign is given, the main task of which was to increase the active audience by attracting celebrities to the account. The mechanism of influence of the influencer on the audience is analyzed. The authors determined that this mechanism includes the image of the individual and the image of the page in a particular social network. The combination of these components provides a basis for the formation of interest in the audience and the subsequent possibility of marketing impact. Specific parameters that affect the image of the person and the image of the page are given. The behavior of the influencer is described. It is emphasized that native advertising is more effective due to the demanding and adaptability of the audience to advertisements. Influence marketing plays an important role in the mechanism of purchasing decisions, as it directly affects the formation of sources of information about a product or service. The authors conclude that the ultimate goal of impact marketing is to purchase a product or service that has been the subject of marketing influence.
DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE FIELD OF LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Kharkiv Trade and Economics Institute of Kyiv National Trade and Economics University, Lytvynenko Elena , Kozlova Taisiya ,   Kharkiv Trade and Economics Institute of Kyiv National Trade and Economics University
Published: December 2020

The changeable and unpredictable development of the enterprises’ external environment is one of the appearance causes of various types of business activities' risks, including logistics. The purpose of this article is to develop recommendations on improving the risk management of enterprises’ logistics activities in the context of instability. Achieving this goal requires consideration of the main stages of this process regarding the logistics activities' risks, providing advices on improving the process of risk management of logistics orientation. The article explores the process of analyzing the logistics activities' risks of the enterprise. Proceeding from the theoretical provisions of management and summarizing the practical experience of research in the field of systematic analysis of the enterprises' logistics activities risks, there are traced the organization's peculiarities of such analysis, and the main directions of its further improvement are proposed. All actions in the article, which are related to the analysis of the risk of enterprise logistics activity, are proposed to carry out in a certain sequence in the article. This sequence is given in the form of a structural scheme of systematic analysis of the risks of the enterprise logistics activities. Based on the objectivity of the existence of logistics activities' risks and the need to ensure the rational management of them, the algorithm of the risk management in the enterprise logistics system covers the stages of risks' identification, their qualitative and quantitative assessment, diagnostics, assessment of risk acceptability and application of neutralization measures to unacceptable logistical risks. It is concluded that the logistics activities risks combine different types of risks of all components and elements both in the process of changing material, financial and information flows, as well as in the process of managing the risks arising in the logistics system