bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multivisceral Oncological Resections Involving the Pancreas: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Neuhaus Melina , Friedrichs Juliane , Grilli Maurizio , Ukkat Jörg , Klose Johannes , Ronellenfitsch Ulrich , Kleeff Jörg , Rebelo Artur
Published: March 2024

Background

With the continuous advancement of cancer treatments, a comprehensive analysis of the impact of multivisceral oncological pancreatic resections on morbidity, mortality, and long-term survival is currently lacking.

Objective

This manuscript presents the protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis designed to summarize the existing evidence concerning the outcomes of multivisceral oncological pancreatic resections across diverse tumor entities.

Methods

We will conduct a systematic search of the PubMed or MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases in strict accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The predefined outcomes encompass postoperative mortality, postoperative morbidity, overall and disease-free survival (1- to 5-year survival rates), the proportion of macroscopically complete (R0) resections (according to the Royal College of Pathologists definition), duration of hospital stay (in days), reoperation rate (%), postoperative complications (covering all complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification), as well as pancreatic fistula, postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, and delayed gastric emptying (all according to the definitions of the International Study Group of Pancreas Surgery).

Results

Systematic database searches will begin in July 2024. The completion of the meta-analysis is anticipated by December 2024. Before completion, the literature search will be checked for new publications that must be considered in the context of the work.

Conclusions

The forthcoming findings will provide an up-to-date overview of the feasibility, safety, and oncological efficacy of multivisceral pancreatic resections across diverse tumor entities. This data will serve as a valuable resource for health care professionals and patients to make well-informed clinical decisions.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42023437858; https://tinyurl.com/bde5xmfw

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/54089
Pharmacy Students’ Attitudes Toward Distance Learning After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsahali Saud , Almutairi Salman , Almutairi Salem , Almofadhi Saleh , Anaam Mohammed , Alshammari Mohammed , Abdulsalim Suhaj , Almogbel Yasser
Published: March 2024

Background

Electronic learning refers to the use of assistive tools in offline and distance learning environments. It allows students to access learning tools and materials anytime and anywhere. However, distance learning courses depend on several factors that affect the quality of learning, which consequently affect students’ preferences in the settings and tools used to deliver educational materials.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate students’ preferences for continuing distance learning after the pandemic and to assess the distance educational environment after the pandemic. It also aimed to identify the factors affecting distance learning and evaluate students’ preferences regarding modes of communication with instructors.

Methods

A web-based survey was used to conduct this cross-sectional study. The target participants of this study were students in the doctor of pharmacy program at Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. All students enrolled from December 2022 to January 2023 received an invitation with a link to the web-based survey.

Results

The survey was completed by 141 students (58 female students and 83 male students). The research results showed that most students (102/141, 72.3%) did not wish to continue distance education for laboratory courses, and 60.3% (85/141) did not wish to continue taking distance team-based learning after the pandemic. Additionally, 83.7% (118/141) of the students indicated that distance courses were simple. More than half of the participants (79/141, 56%) stated that having a camera on during class negatively impacted their learning, and only 29.1% (41/141) of the students stated that nonvisual communication with their fellow students impacted their learning. A large proportion of students (83/141, 58.9%) reported impairment of social engagement on campus, 44% (62/141) in-person interactions during classes, and 73.7% (104/141) were relieved that their classes were not disrupted.

Conclusions

Similar to all types of education, distance learning is characterized by advantages and disadvantages, as reported by students. Students felt that the course material was intelligible, and the distance course was uncomplicated. Moreover, they expressed relief that their studies were not disrupted. However, they also reported the loss of face-to-face contact during courses as the most significant drawback of distance learning versus face-to-face learning, followed by a lack of social connection on campus.
Solve the Plight of Rural Healthcare Talent from the Success of the Barefoot Doctor Period
Authors: Yu Jiaxin
Published: March 2024

The Barefoot Doctors (BDs) have contributed tremendous strength to the protection and promotion of the health and well-being of vast farmers in China, and the country’s three-tiered medical and preventive healthcare network of counties, townships, and villages is widely acknowledged as a valuable experience in providing rural healthcare in developing nations. In the twenty-first century, China’s rural health care is facing new opportunities and challenges in terms of talent issues. In order to provide a new avenue for the survival and advancement of rural health care workers in the twenty-first century, this paper addresses the predicament of the current workforce and incorporates an interview with Ms. Song, a former barefoot doctor, to distill the successful experience and propose a solution to the current predicament.
Shaanbei Cloth Art—A Pioneer of Non-Heritage Cultural Creation for College Students
Authors: Huang Wenjie , Ma Yonghui , He Kaixuan , Liu Zhangmiao , Yang Liu , Miao Weili
Published: March 2024

Shanbei Cloth Art is one of the representatives of folk handicrafts in Sanqin Land, a unique folk handicraft in northern Shaanxi, which mainly uses cloth, silk and satin as the main raw materials. It usually aims to express the beautiful aspirations of folk life and convey the meaning of life fullness. And one of the most distinctive when it comes to a series of tiger shoes products, tiger shoes production techniques as early as some years ago has been included in China’s intangible cultural heritage, since the “Dictionary” on the “tiger shoes” interpretation for: the end of the Qing Dynasty, women in the Palace of the women’s embroidered shoes, which are embroidered with a first head, called the tiger head shoes.
The Influence of Financial Agglomeration on Regional Economic Growth: A Case Study of Northern Anhui Province
Authors: Chen Zhicao
Published: March 2024

This study takes the northern Anhui region of China as an example to explore the impact of financial agglomeration on regional economic growth. By reviewing and summarizing the existing literature, this paper expounds the concept, connotation and characteristics of financial agglomeration, as well as the relationship between financial agglomeration and regional economic growth. Through in-depth investigation and analysis of the development of the financial industry in northern Anhui, this paper studies the characteristics and influencing factors of the phenomenon of financial agglomeration. Using the method of empirical research, this paper analyzes the specific role and degree of influence of financial agglomeration on economic growth in northern Anhui province, and discusses the key factors affecting the relationship between financial agglomeration and regional economic growth. This paper summarizes the research findings and puts forward relevant policy suggestions and development strategies to promote the development of financial agglomeration, optimize the allocation of financial resources and promote regional economic growth in northern Anhui. The purpose of this study is to provide useful reference for relevant policy makers and financial institutions, and promote the sustainable and healthy economic development in northern Anhui.
Does Nigeria’s Growth in Education Increase with Expansionary Monetary Policy?
Authors: Ihugba Okezie A. , Ebomuche Ngozi C. , Akobundu Precious L. , Ndukwe-Ani Pamela. A. , L. Okonkwo Kosie
Published: March 2024

This study investigated whether expansionary monetary policy contributed to Nigeria’s educational growth through cointegration using the auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) method for the years 1981–2021. The bounds tests indicate that the variables of interest are long-term correlated. The corresponding equilibrium correction supported the existence of a long-term relationship. The findings also show that, in the short run, there is no Granger causality between interest rates, inflation, and education growth. Empirical analysis reveals a highly significant relationship between these macroeconomic variables and the growth of education. Furthermore, the findings show that the high interest rate won’t have a significant impact on low-income Nigerians because Nigeria’s private sector receives relatively little domestic credit. The paper recommends that the government develop and implement policies that ensure favourable interest rates for financing education. This could entail offering grants, scholarships, or low-interest student loans in order to increase the accessibility and affordability of education.
Creative Authenticity: A Framework for Supporting the Student Self in Craft Education
Authors: Kumar Raju
Published: March 2024

This article introduces a pedagogical approach in design education referenced as creative authenticity. Creative authenticity is deﬁned as an ongoing process of learning to create through intrinsically motivated, self-aware and self-afﬁrming actions and rationales. The concept is grounded in Constructivist learning theory, Postmodernist views of pluralism and cultural position, Anthony Giddens’ theory of reﬂexive identities, and scholarship on intrinsic motivation in learning. This ideology seeks to personalize the learning experience for each student in ways that are meaningful to their person, not just useful to the design industry, at large. This conversation proposes four samples of methodology by which to infuse creative authenticity into curriculum as a starting point for shaking off implicit biases; focusing on student learning and growth; initiating meaningful and empowering discussions; and redeﬁning success through collaborative and participatory educational design. This work promotes teaching with creative authenticity as a foundation to help students realize their strengths through their ever-evolving identities. In a broader context, authenticity in education supports marginalized groups to see themselves, their histories and their experiences authentically reﬂected in their education and work.
Diagnóstico de planeación y gestión tributaria en pymes. Una aplicación en Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Rojas Lara Mauro Esteban , Martínez Osorio Carolina , Álvarez Valencia Hernán Darío , Farfán Rodríguez Juliana Carolina
Published: March 2024

Las pymes son consideradas como uno de los principales sectores de la economía por su participación en el mercado y capacidad de generar empleo de manera conjunta, sin embargo, al mismo tiempo constituye uno de los sectores más vulnerables en términos de sostenibilidad, y uno de los principales factores de debilidad es la planeación y gestión tributaria. Este artículo busca presentar una estrategia metodológica para el diagnóstico en pymes sobre la implementación de estrategias de gestión y planeación tributaria a partir de una validación previa en un caso de estudio. Para ello, se aplica una revisión sistemática sobre la literatura, se elabora una guía procedimental previamente valorada en una encuesta como instrumento de diagnóstico para su aplicación en una muestra seleccionada de 59 pymes en el municipio de Caucasia, Antioquia. Como resultado, se evidencian bajos niveles de aplicación efectiva de instrumentos de gestión y planeación tributaria. En el estudio se observó, además, que el 90 % de las pymes no aprovechan beneficios especiales con el régimen zomac aplicable para el municipio, el 31 % de las empresas no distingue entre los conceptos de elusión y evasión y el 16 % de las pymes no sabe cómo actuar en caso de errores tributarios.
Machine Learning Based Theft Detection Using Yolo Object Detection
Authors: Tandekar Eshwari
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The escalating need for advanced security measures has spurred innovation in the field of computer vision and machine learning. This research project is dedicated to the development of a cutting-edge theft detection system, leveraging machine learning techniques and object detection algorithms. With a focus on enhancing security in surveillance systems, the project addresses the critical challenge of real-time theft detection in various environments. The core of this project involves the exploration and implementation of state-of-the-art machine learning models, including the YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithm, to detect theft and suspicious activities. An extensive literature survey is conducted to reviewed the research methodology encompasses data collection, preprocessing, model selection, and rigorous evaluation. Diverse datasets are curated, annotated, and used to train and fine-tune the machine learning models. Model performance is assessed using a range of evaluation metrics, including precision, recall, F1 score, and real-time processing capabilities. The project also addresses practical challenges, such as privacy concerns and adaptation to varying environmental conditions. Privacy-preserving techniques, ethical considerations, and adaptability to diverse theft scenarios are integral components of the research. Existing methodologies, benchmark datasets and privacy considerations in the context of theft detection.
RIDESHARE: An Innovative Way to Commute
Authors: Raibole Subodh
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In the face of escalating urban congestion, rising transportation costs, and mounting environmental concerns, the innovative concept of Ride Share is revolutionising the way people commute. This community-driven approach leverages technology, primarily through smartphone apps and web platforms, to facilitate the sharing of rides among individuals with similar destinations, effectively reducing the number of vehicles on the road. The key benefits of Ride Share include cost efficiency, as participants can significantly cut down on fuel and maintenance expenses, easing the financial burden of daily commuting. This also extends to reducing the demand for costly parking spaces, making it an economically appealing choice. Moreover, Ride Share's route optimization algorithms ensure efficient travel, further reducing time and costs. Beyond the economic advantages, this concept significantly contributes to environmental sustainability by alleviating traffic congestion and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. It aligns with the global push for greener transportation solutions and the fight against climate change. Ride Share represents a paradigm shift in daily transportation, fostering a sense of community and shared responsibility. As it continues to gain popularity, it promises to play a substantial role in creating a more efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly future for commuters worldwide.
Co-Aided Business Solution and Skill Development
Authors: Kundu Dr. Kumud
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The paper presents the website of the development of Co-Aided Business Solution & Skill Development. Co-Aided business solution project aims to develop for reduce the unemployment rate, and poverty and increase the MSME profit to create a large company. This helps to skill the people who do not work properly and are not more educated. It also helps educated people find a job and use the platform to learn practical knowledge about the job-preferred domain. The project role of the entire process in MSME that to provide specific guidance, and skilled worker and merge the MSME companies when we provide a project by the government based on profit, skill, machinery, and knowledge of their specific work. It is also helping the manufacturing sector to grow up. Entire the process of the project reduces the cost of infrastructure and other areas. Our country's economy has also booted up and increased a lot of jobs
Design, Analysis and Fabrication of 360 Degree Fire Protection System
Authors: Saichandu P V N
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Large factories, warehouses, and industrial production facilities always run the risk of fires breaking out. Lack of appropriate firefighting measures could result in disastrous consequences and along with financial losses might even lead to massive loss of human life. In such situations, it is ideal to install a Fire Monitor also known as a deluge gun. Fire monitors are an aimable and controllable high-capacity water jet used to deal with large fires. Unlike Fire extinguishers, Fire Monitors are permanently installed and cannot be moved. Using an array of heat sensors, this fire monitor detects any changes in ambient temperature and sends the user an alert about the same.
Avaliação da metodologia analítica para determinação de arsênio, cádmio e chumbo em amostras de café, segundo os critérios de aceitação do Codex Alimentarius
Authors: Barata-Silva Cristiane , Duque Magalhães Carolina , Aparecida Pereira Renata , Alves Vicentini Neto Santos , Couto Jacob Silvana , Gobbo dos Santos Lisia Maria
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The Codex Alimentarius establishes international standards in the food segments to protect the health of consumers and ensure legal trade practices  between countries. INMETRO, on the other hand, provides guidance documents that help laboratories carry out the validation of analytical methodology. These documents are used as a criteria to validate and verify conformity of the methods applied to determine contamination and residues in different products. Objective: To evaluate the validatedanalytical methodology used to determine arsenic, cadmium and lead in samples of roasted coffee powder according to the acceptance criteria recommended in the Codex Alimentarius 27th edition procedure manual. Method: This is an observational study of the descriptive exploratory qualitative type using secondary data base. Results: With the reading of the Codex Alimentarius, the parameters used were established, namely, the minimum application range, the detection limit, the quantification limit, precision and accuracy. Thus, the evaluation of the validated methodology was carried out and it was verified that it is applicable for the analysis of As, Cd and Pb in samples of roasted coffee powder. Conclusions: Current Brazilian legislation aimed at controlling the presence of contaminants in food establishes the maximum tolerated limits for As, Cd and Pb, but does not define which methodologies should be used to verify the presence and concentration of these elements. Therefore, the methodology presented in this study is adequate to control the quality of roasted coffee powder regarding the presence of these inorganic contaminants, thus contributing to the protection and safety of the population.
Psychology of pregnant females regarding perinatal oral health
Authors: Mehlawat Jiksha , Shrivastav Arpit
Published: March 2024

Aim: To evaluate the attitude, behaviour, experience and knowledge of pregnant females regarding perinatal oral health in rural population of Faridabad.
Methodology: Data was collected through personal interview. Eleven questions related to knowledge, attitude, experience and behaviour were asked. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 21.
Results: About one- fourth of the study population experienced adverse effects on oral health during pregnancy and their knowledge was also found to be poor with respect to perinatal oral health maintenance. They also reported ill behaviours to manage morning sickness. Despite this, their attitude towards maintenance of perinatal oral health was found to be positive.
Conclusion: The dental status of the child is a direct reflection of maternal oral condition in pregnancy. Thus, there is a need for educational oral health interventions in pregnant women to improve their own and children oral health status.
Keywords: Perinatal, Oral health, Pregnancy, Rural population
Mental Health and Psychosocial Effects of natural disaster on HIV Patients
Authors: Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Obeagu Getrude Uzoma
Published: March 2024

Natural disasters pose unique challenges to individuals living with HIV/AIDS, impacting their mental health and psychosocial well-being. This review explores the complex interplay between natural disasters and the mental health implications for HIV patients. Disruptions in healthcare infrastructure, medication access, and treatment continuity during disasters significantly affect disease management, leading to heightened stress, anxiety, and trauma among this vulnerable population. Social support networks, crucial for those with HIV, often suffer severe setbacks, exacerbating mental health issues. The aftermath of disasters may induce long-term psychological effects, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Understanding these multifaceted impacts is critical in developing tailored interventions and support systems to mitigate the mental health consequences experienced by individuals living with HIV in the wake of natural disasters. Further research and targeted interventions are essential to address the specific needs of this population and promote resilience in the face of such calamities.
Keywords: mental health, psychosocial effect, natural disaster, HIV, AIDS, emergency
Knowledge, Self-Perception, Attitude of Halitosis Among Students in Chengalpet: A Questionnaire Study
Authors: Srinivasan Naveena , Devi Nethra , Ravichandran Nandhitha , Thurkkaram Nithya Sree , Rajamurthi Pavithra , Lakshmiganthan Dr. , Aniz Dr.
Published: March 2024

Aim: To measure self-perception, knowledge, and awareness of halitosis among students studying in Karpaga Vinayaga educational groups
Materials and Methods: In this study, total of 240 participants who are students of Karpaga Vinayaga educational group were recruited. A questionnaire was created online using Google Forms, and the link was sent to the participants through different social media platforms such as WhatsApp and Emails. Their responses were recorded.
Result: A widespread issue that affects people all over the world, halitosis or bad breath, has social and psychological as well as medical repercussions. There is ample evidence that halitosis is common everywhere in the world. Our study found that the self-perception of poor breath is significantly influenced by age. Most of the respondents in our study did not report to dentist for having bad breath. Instead, they tried to solve by using chewing gums, mouth wash and sweets. This gave us the conclusion that they lack knowledge about the cause and management plan.
Conclusion: Oral malodour is generally poorly understood in all of its facets. Therefore, it is important to promote increased public awareness and education. To lessen this issue, regular visits to dentists and other healthcare providers should be promoted. It should be stressed that dentists have a responsibility to educate and advise their patients about oral malodour, and dental students should receive enough training in handling this problem by organising dental camps, lectures should be provided to students so as to improve knowledge about halitosis14
Keywords: Halitosis, Awareness, Self-perception, Bad breath, Oral Malodor
An Observational Study on Guideline Mediated Prescribing Pattern in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Rama Rao T. , Sravya G. , Akshaya D. , Kaushik T.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Studies on prescribing patterns are useful investigative instruments for figuring out how drugs function in society. Examining the prescription pattern is a crucial part of gauging the ability of medical professionals to choose a medication that will benefit patients to the fullest. The current study goals were to evaluate, using accepted guidelines, the general medicine department's practice of prescribing in accordance with guidelines in a tertiary care hospital and to assess the inclusion of drugs from essential drug list patients with acute decompensated heart failure.
Methodology: Hospital based prospective case observational study was conducted for a period of six months after obtaining the permission from institutional ethical committee. The data was collected and analysed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and necessary statistical testing like chi square test and pearson correlation were performed.
Results and Discussion: Based on the study, the data of total 100 patients (n=100) were evaluated. Gender distribution of data shows high prevalence rate in males. The most commonly high susceptibility of disease age was found in  40-60 in males and females. The maximum number of patients were hospitalized for 6-7 days, hypertension was the most commonly found precipitating factor. Diuretics were prescribed maximum in the prescription. Out of 650 drugs the maximum number of drugs fall under the category of Anti-hypertensives. Most drugs are given through oral route. The American heart association (AHA) guidelines were assessed for drug prescription using IBM SPSS Statistics.  It was depicted that most of the prescriptions were in compliance with the guidelines.
Conclusion: The results of our study conclude that prescribing practices were satisfactory according to the American college of cardiology guidelines.
Keywords: Prescribing pattern, Guidelines, Acute heart failure, Anti-hypertensives.
Effect of Family Income Level on Pediatric Upper Extremity Fracture Rate
Authors: Arslan Tuğba , Gültekin Muhammet Zeki , Arslan Serdar , Yapalı Gökmen
Published: March 2024

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the sociodemographic characteristics of children with upper extremity fractures with those of children without upper extremity fractures.

Materials and Methods: A total of 161 participants (age:11.24±2.95, female:53, male:108), 100 of whom were admitted to the orthopedics and traumatology clinic in 2022 with upper extremity fractures and 61 without upper extremity fractures, were included in the study. Participants; age, height, weight, mother's education level, mother's age, father's education level, father's age and monthly income of the family were recorded. Fracture and recurrent fracture rates of the participants who were members of a family whose monthly income was below the minimum wage and those who were included in a family with a monthly income above the minimum wage were compared.

Results: The age, height and weight of the participants without upper extremity fractures were greater than those with upper extremity fractures (p<0.01). The body mass index of those with upper extremity fractures was lower than those without upper extremity fractures (p=0.001). While the number of upper extremity fractures in the participants who were members of families with a monthly income below the minimum wage was 79 (63.70%), the number of fractures in the participants who were members of families with an income above the minimum wage was 21 (56.80%) (p=0.44). In addition, when those with upper extremity fractures were evaluated independently from those without upper extremity fractures; While the number of recurrent upper extremity fractures was 7 (33.3%) in the participants who grew up in families with an income above the minimum wage, the number of recurrent upper extremity fractures was 11 (13.9%) in the participants who grew up in families with an income above the minimum wage (p= 0.04).

Conclusion: Low body mass index may increase the rate of upper extremity fractures in children. For this reason, families should be informed about the possibility of physical development of children at risk for upper extremity fractures. In addition, the rate of recurrent upper extremity fractures is higher in children of families with a relatively high monthly income. Families with relatively high incomes should be made aware of the safety measures to be taken against accidents in their living spaces.
Mixed FEM for Shells of Revolution Based on Flow Theory and its Modifications
Authors: Kiseleva Rumia Z. , Kirsanova Natalia A. , Nikolaev Anatoliy P. , Klochkov Yuriy V. , Ryabukha Vitaliy V.
Published: March 2024

For describing elastoplastic deformation, three versions of constitutive equations are used. The first version employs the governing equations of the flow theory. In the second version, elastic strain increments are defined the same way as in the flow theory, and the plastic strain increments are expressed in terms of stress increments using the condition of their proportionality to the components of the incremental stress deviator tensor. In the third version, the constitutive equations for a load step were obtained without using the hypothesis of separating strains into the elastic and plastic parts. To obtain them, the condition of proportionality of the components of the incremental strain deviator tensor to the components of the incremental stress deviator tensor was applied. The equations are implemented using a hybrid prismatic finite element with a triangular base. A sample calculation shows the advantage of the third version of the constitutive equations.
Effect of Temperature on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Monolithic Polycarbonate
Authors: Avdeev Kirill V. , Bobrov Vladimir V. , Tuchin Mikhail A. , Domarova Ekaterina V. , Kudryavtsev Nikita A. , Skakun Pavel V.
Published: March 2024

The study of the physical and mechanical properties of polycarbonate under various temperature conditions, taking into account its widespread use as a base material of monolithic polycarbonate systems in various climatic regions, will ensure a high degree of reliability of structures during operation in a wide temperature range. The authors of the article conducted a series of tensile tests of monolithic polycarbonate in the temperature range from -60 to +80 °C. The influence of temperature on the following characteristics of monolithic polycarbonate was evaluated: elongation at break, tensile yield strength, tensile stress at break, strains at the end of the elastic stage of the material. As a result of the conducted experimental studies, the relationship between the strength properties of monolithic polycarbonate and the operating temperature was revealed. The values of elongation at break at temperatures exceeding 15 °C for various samples generally correspond to the values obtained during tests conducted under standard conditions.
Participación comunitaria de organizaciones socioambientales y su relación con la salud mental comunitaria en comunidades suburbanas
Authors: Gauto-Salcedo Marcelo
Published: March 2024

Este artículo contiene los principales resultados de una investigación cualitativa de corte interpretativo, cuyo objetivo fue explorar la relación entre las iniciativas de organizaciones sociales de la ciudad de Aregua, Paraguay y la percepción de salud mental de sus participantes. Para la recolección de datos se emplearon entrevistas a profundidad y grupos focales. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Para el procesamiento y análisis de datos, se utilizaron matrices, donde se introdujeron datos, ordenados en categorías, de acuerdo a los objetivos. Los resultados, según los análisis, sugieren que todos los integrantes entrevistados perciben en el proceso grupal un favorecimiento de su salud mental, por un lado, y sensaciones de malestar cuando las iniciativas devienen conflictos con instituciones de poder, por otro. Se pudo determinar que las organizaciones estudiadas se enfocan en iniciativas que tienen en común la concientización, la acción directa y la visibilización de problemáticas ambientales. También se pudo determinar que los criterios de salud mental mayormente compartidos refieren que la misma es fundamental para el funcionamiento del grupo, y que la vivencia de procesos grupales, influye positivamente en la salud mental de los integrantes. Finalmente, se realizó una discusión teórica a partir de los resultados obtenidos.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ENHANCED OPTICAL FREE SPECTRAL RANGE THROUGH INTEGRATED FANO-MICRORING CONFIGURATION
Authors: Hairol Aman Mohammad Amirul , Noorden Fakhrurrazi Ahmad , Ahmad Fajri Faris Azim , Abdul Kadir Muhammad Zamzuri , Danial Wan Hazman , Daud Suzairi
Published: March 2024

A numerical analysis of the integrated Fano-microring (IFM) racetrack resonator spectrum was performed to investigate the enhancement of the optical system’s free spectral range (FSR). The FSR is an important optical property which can contribute to the high sensitivity of optical devices. The IFM refers to the combination of Fano resonance produced in the output spectrum through the interaction of Fabry–Perot resonance and circulation resonance. This work focuses on the study of inducing Fano resonance in the microring resonator to optimize the FSR of the system. The results show that the integration of two resonances can produce a Vernier output spectrum, which significantly enhanced the FSR of the system without any need for additional ring waveguides. This work also compared the IFM resonance with the conventional microring resonance. In this simulation, the optimized FSR obtained by the IFM configuration was 266.55 nm, which is five times higher than the conventional microring configuration.
THE EFFECT OF BALL MILLING ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF CUBIC BORON NITRIDE
Authors: A.R Shashikala , Aarudi Aarudi , Kothakula Keerthi , C S Ramesh , B S Sridhar
Published: March 2024

Due to its attractive properties, cubic boron nitride (c-BN) finds extensive applications in mechanical and electronic industries. The conversion of micro c-BN to nano c-BN remarkably influences the properties. This study investigates the effect of ball milling on the morphological parameters. Boron nitride was subjected to different hours of ball milling process at different rotation speeds. The crystallite size of the c-BN was measured at different ball milling time intervals, and we observed that after 100 hours, the crystallite size decreased to nano size. The ball milling was increased to 150-175 hours to get less than 100 nm size particles. The surface morphology and elemental analysis of the samples were done using SEM and EDX studies. EDX confirmed the presence of boron and nitrogen in the sample. SEM images indicated that the agglomerated morphology of c-BN particles had an irregular shape. The cubic structure was confirmed from XRD studies. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) conducted to determine the samples' thermal stability indicated that weight loss was observed for temperatures up to 700oC. There was no significant weight loss at a higher temperature. Stronger reflectance was observed with increased ball milling time in UV-Visible DSR studies.
A SIMPLE 3D TOOLBOX-BASED SMARTPHONE COLORIMETER: THE ABILITY TO DETECT THE STOICHIOMETRIC EQUIVALENT OF A CHEMICAL REACTION
Authors: Moonrungsee Nuntaporn , Jakmunee Jaroon , Boonmee Apaporn , Kaewloy Juthaporn , Wongkasem Waranya , Peamaroon Nipat
Published: March 2024

The simple 3D toolbox is constructed and used with a smartphone for detecting the stoichiometric equivalent of chemical reactions. The reaction between salicylic acid and iron(III) ion to form a purple complex is chosen. The captured image of the purple product is measured for RGB color intensities. The color intensities of the solutions depends on concentration of the colored product, and the constant color intensities were observed after the reaction reached its stoichiometry. Several smartphones have been tested for capturing the images and measuring the color intensities. It revealed that all smartphones can be used but the white balance mode is required tuning up to get clear enough picture for color intensity measurement. This smartphone spectrometer provides a comparable results to those obtained from a commercial ultraviolet-visible spectrometer. This work can be a guideline for creation of portable devices in chemical analysis using a smartphone. Moreover, the developed device and method can be practically repeated in chemistry laboratory class for teaching stoichiometry and chemical reaction using a smartphone.
DEBITTERING OF Borassus flabellifer MESOCARP USING NARINGINASE: IMPACT ON THE COMPOSITION, PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Hassan Rodiah binti , Bakar Prof Jamilah , Hussain Dr Norhayati , Muhamad Prof Kharidah
Published: March 2024

This study explores the physicochemical, composition, and functional properties of the Borassus flabellifer mesocarp powder following treatment with naringinase. The debittered mesocarp powder (DMP) has good water-holding (9.4 g/g), swelling (7.8 g/g), and wettability (12.3 s) capacities. Naringinase reduced 33.2% of the DMP particle size, causing an increase in surface area. A larger surface area traps more water/oil molecules, contributing to a higher water/oil capacity. However, the solubility, swelling, and wettability of DMP were markedly decreased following naringinase treatment. Nonetheless, although DMP has higher saponin, phenol, tannin, and DPPH activity contents than the control, it has decreased ferrous-reducing activity.
David vs Goliath: Early career researchers in an unethical publishing system
Authors: Receveur Aurore , Bonfanti jonathan , D'Agata Stephanie , Helmstetter Andrew , Moore Nicole , Oliveira Brunno , Petit Cathleen , Borges Érica Rievrs , schultz marieke , Sexton Aaron , Veytia Devi
Published: March 2024

The publish-or-perish culture in academia has catalysed the development
of an unethical publishing system. This system is characterised by the
proliferation of journals and publishers—unaffiliated with learned
societies or universities—that maintain extremely large revenues and
profit margins diverting funds away from the academic community. Early
career researchers (ECRs) are particularly vulnerable to the
consequences of this publishing system because of intersecting factors,
including pressure to pursue high impact publications, rising
publication costs and job insecurity. Moving towards a more ethical
system requires that scientists advocate for structural change by making
career choices that come with risks, many of which disproportionately
impact ECRs. We illuminate major issues facing ECRs in Ecology and
Evolution under the current publishing system, and propose a portfolio
of actions to promote systemic change that can be implemented by ECRs
and established researchers.
ORAL HEALTH UNMASKED: A SCIENTIST’S PERSPECTIVE ON THE NEGLECTED DIMENSION IN TANZANIA
Authors: Edward Majani , Agyapong Daniel , Paul Innocent , Idris Ibrahim , Boris Gbassara Koulagna , Ezie Kengo , Kpiebaya Emelia Azeyele , Musa Shuaibu Saidu , Eliseo Lucero-Prisno III Don
Published: March 2024

The World Health Organization’s definition of oral health frames the
discussion, highlighting its holistic nature encompassing physiological,
psychosocial, and functional dimensions. The current estimates of oral
diseases in Tanzania and around the world underscore the urgency of
intervention, particularly in light of rising sugar consumption trends.
The unique challenges facing Tanzania, including inadequate knowledge,
limited infrastructure, and disparities in oral healthcare access, are
analyzed within the broader context of sub-Saharan Africa’s health
priorities. This perspective addresses the multifaceted challenges of
oral health neglect in Tanzania, emphasizing the imperative for a
comprehensive and integrated approach. The commentary offers a detailed
exploration of determinants contributing to oral health neglect,
spanning socioeconomic, behavioral, and commercial factors, with a focus
on their implications for Tanzanian communities. Recommendations are
presented as a strategic roadmap, encompassing public health education,
integrated healthcare services, government intervention, educational
programs, community engagement, financial accessibility, and research
initiatives. By synthesizing these recommendations into a cohesive
framework, a proactive and collaborative approach to mitigate the
consequences of oral health neglect in Tanzania, emphasizing the need
for transformative policies 3and cultural sensitivity are therefore
envisioned.
Zooplankton and Fishery Interactions: Implications for Sustainable Management in Bangladesh
Authors: Mashrafi Md. , Alsad Md. Abdula
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we present the intricate interplay between zooplankton and fisheries in the aquatic ecosystems of Bangladesh, aiming to unravel the implications for sustainable management. Through a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach, blending ecological and fisheries science, the study investigates the relationships between zooplankton abundance, composition, and distribution and their direct impact on fishery productivity. Field surveys and rigorous data analysis are employed to decipher the complex dependencies governing zooplankton and fishery interactions. The research explores the potential influences of environmental factors, anthropogenic activities, and climate change on the delicate balance between these components of aquatic ecosystems. The findings contribute valuable insights into the scientific understanding of the factors shaping zooplankton and fishery dynamics in Bangladesh. The practical significance of this research extends to informing policy, fisheries management practices, and conservation efforts. The study underscores the need for holistic and adaptive management strategies that consider the intricate relationships between zooplankton and fisheries. By shedding light on these connections, the research aims to provide a foundation for evidence-based decision-making, fostering the development of resilient and sustainable practices within Bangladesh’s fisheries sector. The implications derived from this study hold promise for mitigating challenges and ensuring the long-term health and sustainability of the nation’s aquatic ecosystems and fisheries.
What causes creep bursts in the Åknes landslide, Norway?
Authors: Aspaas Andreas , Lacroix Pascal , Sena Clara , Kristensen Lene , Langet Nadège , Renard François
Published: March 2024

Slow-creeping landslides may fail catastrophically, posing significant
threats to infrastructure and lives. Landslides weaken over time through
rock mass damage processes that may occur by slow steady-state creep or
transient accelerations of slip, called creep bursts. Creep bursts may
control landslide stability by inducing short-term damage and strain
localization. This study focuses on the Åknes landslide in Norway, which
moves up to 6 centimetres per year and could potentially trigger a large
tsunami in the fjord lying below. Here, an eleven-year dataset is
compiled and analyzed, including kinematic, seismic, and hydrogeological
data acquired at the landslide surface and in a series of boreholes.
Creep bursts with millimetre amplitude are detected in the landslide’s
shear zone. An annual average of two creep burst events have been
recorded within the shear zone in each borehole, accounting for
approximately 11% of the total displacement. Creep bursts phased over
multiple boreholes are preceded by increased seismic activity and water
pressure increase. However, most creep bursts are observed in only one
or a few boreholes. Creep bursts often occur during the seasonal high
and low levels of groundwater, correlating with local peaks in water
pressure, but no such correlation is observed during summer. We propose
that on one side, the progressive wear of asperities leads to creep
bursts being uncorrelated to water pressure changes. Conversely,
enhanced stress corrosion causes creep bursts to correlate to water
level fluctuations. Our findings offer unique insights into landslide
mechanics, correlating shear zone dynamics with surface displacement and
environmental parameters.
Evidence of Dislocation Mixed Climb in Quartz from the Moine and Main Central Thrusts: an Electron Tomography Study
Authors: Weidner Timmo , Mussi Alexandre , Castelnau Olivier , Kronenberg Andreas K. , Law Richard D. , Cordier Patrick
Published: March 2024

In this study we apply electron tomography to characterize 3D
dislocation microstructures in two highly sheared quartz mylonite
specimens from the Moine and Main Central thrusts which were deformed
extensively by dislocation creep in the presence of water. Both
specimens show dislocation activity with dislocation densities of the
order of 3-4.1012 m-2 and evidence of recovery from the presence of
subgrain boundaries. slip occurs predominantly on pyramidal and
prismatic planes ( basal glide is not active). [c] glide is not
significant. On the other hand, we observe a very high level of
activation of glide in the{10-10},{10-11}, {11-2n} (n=1,2) and
even {21-31} planes. Approximately 60% of all dislocations involve
climb with a predominance of mixed climb, a deformation mechanism
characterized by dislocations moving in a plane intermediate between the
glide and the climb planes. This atypical mode of deformation
demonstrates comparable glide and climb efficiency under natural
deformation conditions. It promotes dislocation glide in planes atypical
of quartz structure, probably by inhibiting lattice friction. Our
quantitative characterization of the microstructure enables us to assess
the strain that dislocations can generate. We show that the contribution
of glide produced by the observed dislocations is sufficient to satisfy
the von Mises-Taylor criterion. Hence, activation of climb is not
necessary to provide additional strain components, but it contributes to
the magnitudes of strains achieved. On the basis of this
characterization, we propose a numerical modelling approach for
attempting to characterize the local stress state that gave rise to the
observed microstructure.
Seismic evidence for velocity heterogeneity along ~40 Ma old oceanic crustal segment formed at the slow-spreading equatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge from full waveform inversion of ocean bottom seismometer data
Authors: Guo Peng , Singh Satish Chandra
Published: March 2024

In slow spreading environments, oceanic crust is formed by a combination
of magmatic and tectonic processes. Using full waveform inversion
applied to active-source ocean bottom seismometer data, we reveal the
presence of a strong lateral variability in the 40 – 48 Ma old oceanic
crust at the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the equatorial
Atlantic Ocean. Over a 120 km-long section between the St Paul fracture
zone and the Romanche transform fault, we observe four distinct 20-30 km
long crustal segments. The segment affected by the St Paul FZ consists
of three layers, 2-km thick layer with velocity <6 km/s, 1.5
km thick middle crust with velocity 6-6.5 km/s, and an underlying layer
with velocity ~7 km/s in the lower crust. The segment
associated with an abyssal hill morphology contains high velocity
~7 km/s from a shallow depth of 2 – 2.5 km below
basement, indicating the presence of primitive gabbro. The segment
associated with a low basement morphology seems to have 5.5 – 6.5 km/s
velocity starting near the basement extending down to ~4
km depth, indicating chemically distinct crust. The segment close to the
Romanche transform fault, a normal oceanic crust with velocity 4.5-5
km/s near the seafloor increasing to 7 km/s at 4 km depth indicates a
magmatic origin. The four distinct crustal segments have a good
correlation with the overlying seafloor morphology. The observed strong
crustal heterogeneities could result from alternate tectonic and
magmatic processes along the ridge axis, possibly modulated by chemical
variations in the mantle.