bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MFUNDISI WE-AFRICA: UM ITINERÁRIO EDUCACIONAL DE ENFRENTAMENTO DO RACISMO E DA DESIGUALDADE
Authors: Barros Antonio Evaldo Almeida
Published: September 2020

RESUMO Em África, a educação se relaciona, historicamente, à mudança social. Neste artigo, analisam-se ideias e realizações do africano zulu John Dube (1871-1946) no campo educacional e o modo como seus discursos e práticas são reconectados até o tempo presente. Vivendo na África do Sul no contexto de implementação da segregação, Dube defendia e promovia o acesso à educação, ao conhecimento e ao trabalho para os africanos negros. As intervenções educacionais de Dube são tanto reconectadas à história da África do Sul quanto (re)avaliadas como o legado significativo de um africano negro que se empenhou no combate à desigualdade, por meio da educação, num contexto sócio-histórico no qual se promovia a inferiorização e a desumanização dos não brancos, sobretudo, homens e mulheres negros.
Characterization of lettuce genotypes for resistance to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)
Authors: Pinheiro Jadir B , Silva Giovani Olegário da , Biscaia Danielle , Macedo Amanda G , Suinaga Fábio A
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Genetic resistance is the most suitable mechanism to control root-knot nematodes in lettuce. However, information about the resistance levels of currently used lettuce cultivars is scarce in the literature. Thus, the objective of this research was to characterize lettuce cultivars for resistance to root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) and M. javanica (Mj), aiming the identification of resistance sources for breeding, and to transfer information to the productive sector. We evaluated 97 lettuce genotypes in tree trials. In the first one (preliminary assessment), 92 lettuce genotypes were inoculated simultaneously with M. incognita race 1 and M. javanica species, 17 days after sowing. The gall index (GI) was evaluated 41 days after inoculation. In the second trial nine genotypes, selected from the first trial, were evaluated; and in the third trial, two new cultivars from Embrapa were evaluated. In the last two trials, the nematode species were inoculated separately, and the egg mass index (EMI), number of eggs per gram of roots (NEGR) and reproduction factor (RF) were also evaluated. In both trials, the lettuce cultivars Salinas 88 and Grand Rapids were used as resistant controls, as well as cultivar Irene as the susceptible control. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and treatments means grouping by Scott-Knott´s test. The crisp leaf cultivars presented a higher degree of resistance to the root-knot nematodes compared to the smooth leaf type cultivars. Cultivars Vera and Amanda present resistance to M. incognita, and Vanda to M. javanica. ‘Salinas 88’ present resistance mainly to M. javanica; while cultivar Mônica and the Embrapa cultivars BRS Leila and BRS Mediterrânea are resistant to both nematode species.
A simple and fast sampling method for assessing chemical and nutritional characteristics of pumpkins
Authors: Cardoso Bruno Trindade , Ramos Semíramis Rabelo Ramalho , lves Ricardo Elesbão A , Ledo Carlos Alberto da Silva , Santos Antonina dos , Santos Hister Maria Matias dos
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT In the chemical and nutritional analyses of pumpkin, the size of bulk sample recommended by the method of reference, makes the process time consuming and difficult to execute. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate different sampling methods to indicate the most suitable one to replace reference method to determine the levels of total carotenoids, total soluble solids, and moisture in pumpkin. A completely randomized design was used with four treatments and 18 replications. The proposed methods consisted basically in changing the way of taking bulk samples from the fruits: cylinders method, quartile method, and the slice method. Samples obtained by proposed methods were analyzed for moisture content, total carotenoids and total soluble solids. Results obtained by each proposed method were compared against the method of reference. Cylinders method showed the best results and was the easiest to be carried out, consuming only about 1/10 of the time required in relation to the method of reference. The cylinder method was rapid, efficient, reliable and exhibited the greatest suitability for replacing the reference method.
Insecticidal and inhibitory effects of Meliaceae and Asteraceae extracts to silverleaf whitefly
Authors: Baldin Edson Luiz Lopes , Schlick-Souza Eunice Cláudia , Soares Muriel Cicatti Emanoeli , Lopes Norberto Peporine , Lopes João Luis Callegari , Bogorni Paulo César , Vendramim José Djair
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a polyphagous insect that causes direct and indirect damage on tomato. Spraying with synthetic insecticides is one of the main control tools for the whitefly; however, the abusive use of this tool can impact the environment and human beings. In this study we evaluated the bioactivity of extracts from plant species from Asteraceae and Meliaceae families on B. tabaci biotype B in tomato. A preliminary bioassay evaluated the effects of the extracts at 2% (w/v) on infestation and oviposition of this whitefly. Then, the nymphicidal and ovicidal effects of the chloroformic extract of Trichilia pallida - TP-Cl at six concentrations were performed. Finally, the TP-Cl LC50 was estimated. All extracts were repellent to the whitefly, except that ones from T. pallida (ethanolic) and Melia azedarach (hexanic), considered neutral at 24 h. All the extracts caused deterrence of oviposition. All concentrations of TP-Cl revealed nymphicidal activity and the highest ones provided the lowest egg viability averages. The estimated LC50 was 0.0955%. These results provide evidence for the potential of the extracts to be used as alternative control agents of B. tabaci biotype B in tomatoes.
Virus-free garlic: yield and commercial classification as a function of plant spacing and seed size
Authors: Marodin Josué C , Resende Francisco V , Resende Juliano TV de , Gabriel André , Zeist André R , Constantino Leonel V , Sanzovo Alisson WS
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Studies on the interaction between garlic plant density and virus-free seed size are scarce in Brazil. Thus, this study was installed to evaluate the effect of plant spacing and seed size on garlic traits and yield for infected and virus-free bulbs. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design and 2x5x3 factorial combination [infected and virus-free bulbs, five plant spacings (210, 260, 300, 360, and 390 cm2 per plant), and three bulbous seed sizes (sieve one, two, and three)]. The highest bulb yield was observed for virus-free seeds at a plant spacing of 390 cm2 plant-1, while the highest commercial yield was verified for 210 cm2 plant-1 spacing. The combination of virus-free seeds, larger bulbs, and 332 cm2 plant-1 spacing promoted the highest leaf area index. For virus-free garlic, lower plant densities resulted in higher yields and garlic bulb quality. The best option for higher yields and improved commercial quality bulbs was the use of medium-sized virus-free bulbils at a plant density of about 300 thousand plants ha-1.
Rapid NPK diagnosis in tomato using petiole sap analysis with the DRIS method
Authors: Ávila-Juárez Luciano , Rodríguez-Ruiz Mario A
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT One of the factors determining success in tomato production is plant nutrition. The diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS) is a tool used to obtain fertilizer recommendations. The objective of this study was to determine DRIS indices using petiole sap analysis (PSA) and compare them with those obtained using leaf analysis in two tomato cultivars grown under greenhouse conditions. A complete randomized design with eight treatments and 60 plants per experimental unit was used. To determine whether employing PSA with the DRIS methodology can provide a reliable diagnosis of fertilization, doses of some elements, such as N, P, or K, were reduced by 30% and supplied to two tomato cultivars, namely, Cid and Moctezuma. The indices for PSA-DRIS and DRIS were estimated. R2 values greater than 0.84 were obtained for the relationships between the leaf concentrations and petiole extract (PE) concentrations of some elements in both tomato cultivars. The PSA-DRIS method detected 62.5% of the cases of deficiency identified via DRIS. The PSA-DRIS method is a low-cost way to rapidly fertilize recommendations in tomato.
Growth and production of basil under different luminosity and water replacement levels
Authors: Oliveira Rívia de Souza Vaz , Salomão Leandro Caixeta , Morgado Hélber Souto , Sousa Cleiton Mateus , Oliveira Henrique Fonseca E de
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Basil is used as spice and for medicinal purposes. Its growth is influenced by environmental factors, mainly soil moisture and air temperature. Thus, this study was installed to evaluate growth and production of basil under different levels of luminosity and water replacement. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six replicates, arranged in split plot scheme, with three luminosity levels in the plots (full sun, 50% and 70% shading) and four water replacement levels in the subplots (25, 50, 75 and 100% ETc). We evaluated plant height, stalk diameter, number of leaves and branches, root system volume, the largest root length, fresh and dry mass of roots and leaves. Data were submitted to variance analysis to observe significant differences between treatments and interactions. Luminosity effects were evaluated using Tukey test (p≤0.05%) and the effects of water regime, with the aid of regression analysis. According to data, 50% shading and 100% water replacement, lost through crop evapotranspiration, resulted in higher values of plant height, stalk diameter, branch growth, fresh and dry mass of leaves, and number of leaves. Full sun environment and 100% water replacement provided an increase in root dry mass and volume.
Escala de sondagem do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e de habilidades acadêmicas para o Ensino Fundamental I: percepção de professores
Authors: Julião Bruna de Oliveira , Piza Carolina Toledo , Mello Claudia Berlim de
Published: September 2020

Resumo Modelos de avaliação da aprendizagem escolar baseados no monitoramento de aquisições acadêmicas e do neurodesenvolvimento podem ser úteis para o planejamento de intervenções pedagógicas individualizadas. Este estudo avaliou, na perspectiva de professores, aspectos da adequação e aplicabilidade de uma escala qualitativa de sondagem do desenvolvimento acadêmico e neuropsicomotor para alunos dos primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental, a Sondagem do Desenvolvimento do Aluno. A amostra foi composta por 15 professores, abrangendo 122 alunos avaliados, de quatro escolas das redes pública e privada do município de São Paulo. O procedimento envolveu entrevista semidirigida e questionários específicos. A escala obteve 90% da pontuação máxima quanto à adequação e 71% quanto à aplicabilidade. Variáveis associadas ao ambiente escolar e ao perfil do professor não influenciaram a percepção. Embora promissora, novos estudos são necessários para que a escala seja efetivamente aplicável à sala de aula.
MANAGEMENT OF THE HEALTH WORKFORCE IN FACING COVID-19: DISINFORMATION AND ABSENCES IN BRAZIL'S PUBLIC POLICIES
Authors: Leite Silvana Nair , Finkler Mirelle , Martini Jussara Gue , Heidemann Ivonete , Verdi Marta , Hellmann Fernando , Vásquez María Fernanda
Published: September 2020

How well a country manages the Covid-19 crisis depends largely on how effectively the health workforce is used. Much can be done to ensure that the workforce is prepared to deal with the pandemic. The objective of this research was to highlight the strategies implemented in Brazil in relation to the health workforce in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic and to analyse federal government interventions in crisis management and the consequences for health professionals. This is a documentary-type qualitative research project. Brazilian federal regulations referring to work and health education produced during the pandemic emergency of COVID-19, published from January 28 to June 2, 2020, were identified. Of the total of 845 documents, 62 were selected in accordance with the inclusion criteria and were then submitted to Thematic Content Analysis. The results and discussions were grouped into four categories: Workforce management, Workforce protection, Workforce training and Academic-Workforce relationship. An absence of a federal coordinating actions aimed at the governance of the health workforce facing the pandemic in Brazil was identified. It is considered that this lacking mechanisms for coordination contributed decisively to the tragic epidemiological situation still underway, especially in terms of the exposure of health workers to the risk of contamination, revealed in the extremely high rates of professionals infected or killed by Covid-19 in Brazil and the failure to control the pandemic in the population.
A closer look at numerical simulation of self-centring steel plate shear walls
Authors: Arjmandzadeh Sorour , Sarvghad Moghadam Reza
Published: September 2020

Unstiffened steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) are one of the most efficient lateral resisting systems in conventional steel structures. The essential characteristics of SPSWs, including high initial stiffness, great ductility and low compression resistance, make them desirable for implementation in self-centring structures that aim to eliminate or effectively reduce residual drift under earthquake load. In this work, a numerical simulation of a self-centring SPSW based on the strip model published by the American Institute of Steel Construction was conducted and an attempt was made to modify the method to match experimental results more accurately. It was found that the compression resistance of shear wall strips, realistic pinching behaviour and energy dissipation of bolts in post-tensioned connections are key aspects for developing a reliable simulation of a self-centring frames with SPSWs. Neglecting any of these issues can distort evaluation of the self-centring capability and the dissipated energy in the frame. In addition, deterioration in the shear wall material due to web plate tearing needs to be considered in the modelling to achieve more realistic assessments of the ultimate stiffness and strength of the system under significant seismic loads.
Estado de uso e conservação de motosserras com motores de combustão interna
Authors: Ottonelli Jaqueline , Brandelero Catize , Werner Valmir , Schlosser José Fernando , Silveira de Farias Marcelo
Published: September 2020

As motosserras são amplamente utilizadas no meio rural. Para mantê-las em bom estado de uso e conservação, faz-se necessário realizar a manutenção de forma adequada e dar instruções para o correto manuseio. Neste trabalho, as motosserrassão caracterizadas de acordo com as classes de potência, e dos conjuntos o motor, a transmissão e o corte. Foi utilizado um questionário para coletar informações sobre as 73motosserras usadas por produtores rurais na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Como resultado verificou-se que 63% dasmotosserras avaliadaspertenciam à classe de potência Média,das quais 82,6% apresentavam o ângulo de afiação dos dentes da corrente fora do padrão recomendado.Destaca-se que, a limpeza da vela de ignição e a inversão do sabre foram realizadas em 70% das motosserras avaliadas, e que 45% das máquinas apresentavam desgaste no conjunto coroa/pinhão. No conjunto de corteas motosserras da classe Média,evidencia-se que82,6% das unidades verificadas apresentavam ângulo de afiação dos dentes da corrente fora do padrão recomendado. As motosserras das classes Média e Pesada apresentaram a maior quantidade de problemas. Nota-se que, a falta de manutenção pode reduzir a eficiência operacional e a vida útil da motosserra.
Contaminação por metais pesados em áreas agrícolas no estado do Tocantins
Authors: Ramos Michele Ribeiro , De Abreu Mônica Ferreira , Guizzo João Vitor De Medeiros , Cordeiro Divonzil Gonçalves , Ferreira Phillipe Farias
Published: September 2020

O presente trabalho consistiu na coleta de amostras de solos para análise e descrição dos valores de metais pesados em áreas agrícolas de alguns municípios do estado do Tocantins. O objetivo é fazer comparações com os Valores de Referência estabelecidos para os estados de São Paulo (SP) e Minas Gerais (MG), uma vez que não existem valores de referência para o estado do Tocantins. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em 27 áreas agrícolas e submetidas ao método de digestão EPA3051, proposto pela Agência de Proteção Ambiental (EPA). As amostras de solos apresentaram diferentes níveis de concentração de metais pesados, com arsênico (As), mercúrio (Hg) e selênio (Se) sendo mais constantes. Não houve níveis de metais pesados próximos aos Valores da Pesquisa Agrícola, apenas alguns elementos excederam o limite dos Valores de Prevenção e os Valores de Referência da Qualidade (QRV) propostos para os estados de SP, bem como para o QRV estabelecido para as áreas no estado de MG. Essas concentrações, no entanto, não apresentam risco de contaminação do solo.
Desempenho de concretos preparados com cimentos portland cp iv e cp v utilizando o método de dosagem ipt/epusp: um estudo de caso
Authors: Souza Marcelo Tramontin , Wermuth Tiago Bender , Arcaro Sabrina , Pereira Fabiano Raupp , De Oliveira Antonio Pedro Novaes
Published: September 2020

O desempenho de concretos é fortemente afetado pelas condições de preparação e pelos materiais constituintes, e uma combinação inadequada pode afetar o desempenho. As variáveis composicionais incluem o tipo de cimento Portland e adições (como escórias e pozolanas), bem como o proporcionamento dos demais constituintes, tais como agregados graúdos e miúdos e a relação água/cimento. Nesse sentido, os métodos de dosagem surgemcomo ferramentas para guiar os trabalhadores na obtenção de concretos com melhores desempenhos físico-mecânicos. Dentre os principais métodos brasileiros de dosagem, o método IPT/EPUSP tem sido amplamente aceito, pois é versátil e simples. Desta forma, este trabalho busca avaliar a influência de dois tipos de cimento – Portland, CP IV (pozolânico) e CP V ARI (alta resistência inicial) – nas propriedades mecânicas de concretos dosados de acordo com o método IPT/EPUSP. Os resultados revelam que os diagramas de dosagem obtidos permitem correlacionar, de forma sucinta e eficaz, os parâmetros de dosagem com as propriedades mecânicas desejadas para uma finalidade específica.
Resilience and self concept of competence in institutionalized and non institutionalized young people
Authors: Martins Maria Helena , Neto Vanessa Clemente
Published: September 2020

The institutionalization of young people may have important negative influence on their development and emotional well‑being. The aim of this study was to analyze the relations between resilience and the self‑concept of competence in institutionalized and non‑institutionalized young people. The sample was composed of 158 young people, aged between 15 and 18 years old. The following instruments were used: a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment Module and the Self‑Concept of Competence Scale. The results showed: (1) no significant differences between the two groups in terms of resilience; (2) the non‑institutionalized sample revealed higher scores on the self‑concept competence; and (3) there was a strong positive correlation between resilience and self‑concept of competence amongst the institutionalized sample. These results are discussed in the light of the constructivist perspective of resilience.
Evidence from Google Trends of a Widening Second-level Digital Divide in Brazil. Even Worse with the Covid-19
Authors: P. dos Santos Renato , Bülbül M Şahin , Lemes Isadora L
Published: September 2020

Background: While Brazilian governmental initiatives focused on home broadband Internet access, availability of computers for students in schools has been drastically reduced since 2010. Furthermore, schools usually prohibits mobile Internet access in its premises, contrarily to the migration of students’ access to smartphones.  Objectives: This study investigates the impact of the increasing home and mobile Internet access on the existing educational inequalities. Design: This study made use of quantitative, locally statistical research to investigate the reproduction or closing of existing educational digital divide across already contrasting Brazilian regions. Setting and Participants: Child or adolescent from 9 to 17 years of age and their guardians, interviewed by CETIC.br. Data collection and analysis: Data was obtained from the CETIC.br data portal and the Google Trends webpage. Data were analysed by means of local geostatistical measures of spatial autocorrelation and inequality, as well as bivariate choropleth maps. Results: Our results suggest that the Brazilian school system is failing to cultivate in their students the more productive use of Internet access and therefore contributing to the widening of the existing second-level digital divide between regions and social classes. Conclusions: This digital divide was critically exacerbated by the arrival of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the suspension of presential classes.Brazilian policymakers should concentrate efforts and resources in addressing this large-scale second-level digital divide, possibly by equipping educators and students with the knowledge and skills towards the educational, productive and responsible use of the Internet, as well as allowing mobile Internet access in school premises.
Module to scaffold the process of filling grant documents in English
Authors: Swartz Cofiya , Valeeva Elvira E.
Published: September 2020

In order for students and professors to advance their educational and professional careers as well as become competitive specialists in the modern world of science and technology, it is essential for them to apply for international grant programs that allow them to take part in internships abroad. Currently, there are several foreign programs offered in Russia that provide financial support for students to participate in internships abroad. Unfortunately, studentsstudying in Russia often do not possess the skills necessary to complete foreign language documents correctly. This barrier reduces their chance to successfully pass through several stages of the selection process to secure full financial support while competing amongst a large number of applicants. As a solution to this issue, the authors offer for a module to be introduced into existing curricula, which will teach students how to complete grant documents in English. This module can be introduced in foreign language courses at any level, that are aimed at preparing students to receive a higher education. The content of the module was developed based on the analysis of foreign practices of studying an academic letter, which includes in itself, the preparation of the necessary documentation for grant programs. The module consists of an overview lecture that outlines different grant programs and their English language websites, where a full list of the necessary documentation needed to apply to the respective program is included. In order to submit a strong application for an international internship opportunity, a student should comprehend the rules of writing a statement of purpose as well as recommendation letters. Applicants should also be prepared to answer questions presented to them during an interview with representatives of the program for which they have applied. The main goal of the proposed module is to teach students how to effectively communicate per the requirements and objectives set forth by these grant programs. This module will allow for the development of critical thinking skills necessary to present application materials in a logical and structured manner, in both Russian and English.
Difficulties in treating acute coronary syndrome in a patient with end-stage chronic renal failure on program hemodialysis.
Authors: Bocharov Aleksandr V. , Sidorov Denis Vladimirovich , Popov Leonid V.
Published: September 2020

This article presents a case of treatment of acute coronary syndrome in a patient undergoing program hemodialysis. The problems of coronary revascularization and drug therapy in this category of patients are discussed, and ways to solve them are shown using the example of this clinical case.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF THE KNEE JOINT CONTRACTURES AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHOPLASTY
Authors: Akhpashev Alexander , Brizhan Leonid , Artemiev Aleksander , Bolotnikov Mikhail , Shipulin Aleksander , Kashoob Ali
Published: September 2020

Background: The development of contractures after total knee replacement is most often associated with arthrofibrosis and makes up 1.3% - 5.7% of the total number of cases of joint replacement. Conservative treatment is ineffective. Arthrolysis is pathogenetically substantiated (arthroscopic or open).

Aims: assessment of the effectiveness of arthrolysis as a method of treating knee joint contractures after arthroplasty, comparison of the results of arthroscopic and open arthrolysis, analysis of complications.

Materials and methods: Compare two groups. In group 1, 57 patients underwent arthroscopic arthrolysis. In group 2, 54 patients underwent open arthrolysis. The operations were performed from 2015 to 2019, the observation period ranged from one year to three years. As criteria for the result of treatment, KSS data were used (general and functional assessment of the knee joint), as well as separately the amplitude of movements in the joint before surgery and at different times after it.

Results: One of the results of this work was the optimization of arthroscopic arthrolysis technique. Improved surgical access and joint revision sequence. According to the KSS scale and range of motion, the best results were obtained in group 1. Especially important is the lesser number of complications in comparison with the 2nd group requiring repeated interventions, including revision arthroplasty. In the 1st group of such cases there were 3 (5.3%), in the 2nd group - 7 (13.0%).

Conclusions: Arthroscopic arthrolysis is a less traumatic and more effective treatment for arthritis of the knee. It seems appropriate to gradually displace open arthrolysis by arthroscopic.
To the question of the aseptic method for
operations
Authors: Stroganov V. V.
Published: September 2020

Recently, instead of the antiseptic method, sterilization and aseptic methods have been increasingly used in operations in uncharged tissues. In the department of prof. Ott, at the Clinical Institute of the Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna, the latest methods have been used for several years, and in general, a more favorable course of the postoperative period, more frequent receipt of primae intentionis wounds - this is the ideal of surgeons, both in large, and especially in plastic surgeries.
On the issue of malaria during pregnancy and after childbirth
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

The author describes three cases.
Transfusional diseases of the urethra, cervix, Bartholin glands in prostitutes
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

The author examined for gonococci separated from the cervix, the urethra with the Heren's sinuses and from the Bartholin glands.
Migratio ovi et seminis extrauterina
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

Case I. Peasant woman, 31 years old, giving birth; after a two-month absence of menstruation, sudden pain in the lower abdomen and loss of consciousness. Hemorrhage in the posterior Douglas space and general peritonitis. The posterior fornix was opened through the vagina (blood and pus). The patient died.
Childbirth with buttock presentation. Hydrocephalic head, lingering in the uterus after separation of the trunk
Authors: Mazurkevich A. K.
Published: September 2020

The author proposes, in order to facilitate the extraction of the subsequent detached hydrocephalic head and lingering in the uterus, the following method, which he used in one case, after preliminary futile attempts to extract the head by the lower jaw, forceps, etc.
Treatment of uterine evasion by faradization
Authors: Zhabotinskiy A.
Published: September 2020

According to the author, electricity in most cases of uterine evasion is an excellent medical agent. It satisfies all three indications most often encountered in this suffering, counteracts the formation of dense exudates, promotes metabolism and restores the contractility of the ligaments that support the uterus. The author uses the apparatus of the Chardin system, the electrodes are a uterine probe with a carbon tip, described by Apostoli, and a zinc plate wrapped in felt and suede.
Umbilical cord knot
Authors: Sheinis L.
Published: September 2020

The author reports the following case from his practice
Eclampsia treatment
Authors: Sheitlis S.
Published: September 2020

Nowhere has the study of bacteriology led to such brilliant successes as in obstetrics: thanks to antiseptics and asepsis, postpartum fever, which carried off a mass of women in labor to a premature grave, disappeared. But until now, eclampsia has remained invincible, resulting in many victims among pregnant women and women in labor. Although a number of recent studies have proven that seizures are caused by toxins that accumulate in the blood, as a product of the vital activity of special bacteria that develop in the body during pregnancy, we still do not know the conditions and reasons under which they develop.
A case of insanity following an ovariosalpingotomy
Authors: Zhabotinskiy A.
Published: September 2020

The author first observed the case he described five months after surgery. The history, course of the disease, the course of the operation and the postoperative course were reported to him by Dr. Lou, to whom the patient consulted in April 1890.
Principios, aplicaciones y retos del aprendizaje conectado
Authors: Esteban-Guitart Moises , DiGiacomo Daniela , Penuel William , Ito Mizuko
Published: September 2020

Por aprendizaje conectado se entiende aquella actividad, práctica o experiencia que vincula los intereses de los aprendices con oportunidades académicas, profesionales y cívicas, a través del apoyo y promoción ofrecida por otros y otras. El propósito fundamental de este artículo consiste en situar dicha aproximación, a la vez teórica y aplicada. Para ello, se describe su origen, los principios o ideas fuerza que subyacen a dicha teoría, así como las condiciones sociales y materiales necesarias para implementar prácticas educativas conectadas desde la perspectiva de la equidad relacional. Se describen algunos ejemplos de aprendizaje conectado para, finalmente, señalar lo que consideramos son algunas de las limitaciones de dicho enfoque, así como retos para su desarrollo e implementación.
Sociedad civil y participación política de los actores de la educación. Una revisión
Authors: Colom Cañellas Antonio Juan
Published: September 2020

La participación en política depende en gran medida de la descentralización del poder en manos de la sociedad, siguiendo con ello el modelo del republicanismo. En tal contexto la sociedad civil en España se ha implicado con mayor solidez y mejores resultados en las cuestiones educativas ya que ha aportado innovaciones de gran calado en el ámbito formal y no formal de la educación. En cambio, en las relaciones entre los centros educativos y las familias, por diferentes motivos sociales y legislativos, se constata una falta de participación acuciante, solo mejorada en parte por las Asociaciones de Madres y Padres de alumnos, a pesar de su mínima capacidad de incidir en las cuestiones de mayor importancia escolar.
Entorno, centros y comunidad de escuelas rurales del norte (Cantabria) y sur de España (Huelva)
Authors: Alvarez Alvarez Carmen , García-Prieto Francisco Javier , Pozuelos-Estrada Francisco J.
Published: September 2020

Las escuelas rurales en España constituyen una realidad tan amplia y multiforme como invisible y compleja, sin embargo, no contamos con estudios comparativos entre regiones que muestren las diferentes realidades que existen bajo el término “escuela rural” en nuestro país. Por ello, en este artículo nos preguntamos por las semejanzas y diferencias que existen entre las escuelas rurales del norte y del sur de España. En este sentido, se desarrolla un estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo en el que se explora la situación de las escuelas rurales mediante un cuestionario y entrevistas en profundidad en tres tipos de centros (aulas unitarias, centros rurales agrupados y centros graduados ubicados en el medio rural) en dos provincias muy rurales tradicionalmente: Cantabria y Huelva. Se observan contrastes en el entorno y el profesorado y similitudes en los centros, el alumnado y las familias. Las escuelas están menos aisladas y cuentan con un profesorado más estable en el norte. El profesorado se muestra optimista y cuenta con un alumnado bien dispuesto. La participación de las familias es mejorable, pero tienen altas expectativas en la escuela. El reto es y sigue siendo asegurar un sistema educativo equitativo que ayude a mantener vivo el mundo rural.
El Leasing financiero
Authors: Montesdeoca Molina Becky Raquel , Almeida Vintimilla Cinthia Carolina
Published: September 2020

El presente ensayo constituye un acercamiento a uno de los contratos mercantiles más relevantes alrededor del mundo: el leasing. El análisis realizado busca ir más allá de la naturaleza jurídica del contrato y de las disposiciones legales que lo atañen, se centra en contemplar los aspectos económicos, tributarios y contables del mismo, presentándolo como una forma de obtener financiamiento, evitar la obsolescencia de bienes y lograr ciertas ventajas operativas. Las partes involucradas en este contrato alcanzan los beneficios específicos que esta figura otorga, y los países que fomentan su uso presentan un mayor índice de modernización en la industria, así como impactos positivos en el Producto Interno Bruto. Se toma como caso de estudio a Ecuador, considerando el ordenamiento jurídico aplicable, así como los beneficios y desventajas presentes en el país. Este trabajo busca darle una mirada integral al leasing, yendo más allá de lo jurídico, en un contrato que ha evolucionado desde los inicios del comercio hasta la actualidad.
La no consideración del elemento daño dentro de la responsabilidad estatal en materia de derechos humanos
Authors: Barona Martínez Natalia , Terán Arellano Mikaela , Tescaroli Espinosa Antonella
Published: September 2020

Cuando se estudia la responsabilidad civil y la importancia de sus elementos constitutivos para la determinación de la obligación de resarcir un perjuicio en contra de un tercero, el análisis del daño es indispensable. Sin embargo, en materia de derechos humanos, la relevancia de este elemento es discutible. En el presente artículo se estudiarán las razones por las que no es necesario considerar al daño como un requisito indispensable al momento de atribuir responsabilidad estatal por la violación de un derecho humano.
Las causales de nulidad de doble impacto
Authors: Lara Taranchenko Vika Mikaela
Published: September 2020

Ante la existencia de una causal de nulidad que afecta a la validez del contrato base, el mismo que contiene el convenio arbitral, se ha aplicado el principio de separabilidad, como regla general, para fundamentar que tanto el convenio base y el convenio arbitral son dos negocios jurídicos independientes y autónomos, de forma que la inexistencia o invalidez del uno no afecta al otro. En ciertos casos, el elemento volitivo para la aceptación tanto del convenio base y el convenio arbitral se manifiesta mediante un solo acto y puede ser viciado por una causal de nulidad que afecta a ambos contratos. Por consiguiente, las causales de nulidad de doble impacto, llamadas así porque afectan simultáneamente al contrato subyacente y al convenio arbitral, hacen que el principio de separabilidad no sea de aplicación absoluta. A continuación, se pretende analizar la aplicación del principio de separabilidad frente a las causales de nulidad de doble impacto y determinar las consecuencias jurídicas que se derivan en el arbitraje y en la justicia ordinaria.
La doble regulación de la compraventa en el derecho privado ecuatoriano
Authors: Correa Jimenez Sebastián
Published: September 2020

Entre un mundo y otro, entre lo civil y lo mercantil, es el escenario al que se enfrenta el instrumento jurídico más usado en las relaciones de intercambio que realizan las personas para procurarse bienes: el contrato de compraventa. Los contratos permiten sentar las reglas de juego para dotar de seguridad jurídica a las transacciones, sin embargo, el régimen normativo aplicable puede a veces ser confuso, provocando la pérdida de seguridad jurídica e incertidumbre. En el caso ecuatoriano, se dispone de dos cuerpos legales imperantes al momento de definir el régimen de la compraventa: el Código Civil y el Código de Comercio. Esta doble regulación en ciertos elementos genera grandes dudas, no solo para las partes contractuales, que no saben a qué régimen someterse por ser el civil general y el mercantil especial; sino también para los operadores jurídicos como jueces, árbitros y abogados, quienes deben determinar qué normas aplicar. En el presente trabajo se analizará el desarrollo histórico de la institución de la compraventa por su importancia económica, desde el derecho civil hasta el mercantil. Además, se estudiarán la dificultad de determinar la mercantilidad del contrato y los fenómenos de la generalización y comercialización, para posteriormente identificar la dicotomía existente en algunos elementos de la compraventa. Finalmente, se revisarán ciertas tendencias modernas que ayudan a resolver estas innecesarias diferencias de regulación para concluir que el camino hacia una regulación unificada de derecho privado es el medio para subsanar esta y otras inconsistencias de otros contratos.
Autonomia profissional e trabalho assalariado
Authors: Silva Jaqueline Lima da , Trindade Rosa Lúcia Prédes
Published: September 2020

Este artigo trata da relação entre autonomia profissional e trabalho assalariado, analisando-a a partir dos aspectos referentes ao controle das condições de trabalho e da técnica profissional. Visa estabelecer uma vinculação entre trabalho assalariado e a perda do controle sobre as condições de trabalho e expor sua consequente interferência no campo da autonomia profissional em virtude da mediação posta pelo mercado de trabalho na sociedade capitalista contemporânea. O resultado dessas discussões fundamenta-se na literatura da sociologia das profissões e na teoria marxista por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica. Conclui que a autonomia profissional por si só não é capaz de empreender um rigoroso controle nas condições de trabalho, pois, o profissional possui o controle da técnica, mas diante da condição de trabalhador assalariado sua autonomia torna-se sempre relativa.
Formação profissional, saúde mental e políticas sociais públicas
Authors: Jennifer Carvalho Araújo Laína , Goulart Joazeiro Edna Maria
Published: September 2020

O artigo analisa formação profissional, a relação com o campo da Saúde Mental e sua articulação com as políticas sociais públicas indispensáveis no Brasil, um país fortemente marcado pela desigualdade social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, em nível de mestrado, que faz uma discussão analítico-conceitual e do arcabouço legal da Política de Saúde Mental brasileira correlacionada com o diálogo histórico do campo do Serviço Social. Para tanto, utiliza-se da fonte secundária de informação para análise da série histórica dos TCCs de discentes do Curso de Serviço Social da UFPI entre 1987 e 2018, indagando sobre a relação entre a formação nos referidos campos de conhecimento e de intervenção. Os desafios da Saúde Mental são analisados num tempo de crise do capitalismo, com predomínio de políticas neoliberais, tensionando e confrontando as conquistas das Reformas Sanitária e Psiquiátrica e a defesa do direito à vida.
Retratos da Reforma Psiquiátrica: aproximações entre Brasil e Espanha
Authors: Carvalho Rafael Nicolau , Picornell-Lucas Antonia
Published: September 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma análise qualitativa das experiências de desinstitucionalização no Brasil e na Espanha, de modo a construir retratos dos processos de reforma psiquiátrica, dentro de um contexto recente de crise que ameaça os princípios reformistas. Para a realização deste estudo, utilizou-se a revisão bibliográfica narrativa e a pesquisa documental. As análises indicaram que apesar das particularidades históricas e culturais e das diferenças nos arranjos organizacionais da atenção psicossocial que permeiam as experiências nestes países, ambos adotam a desinstitucionalização como principal característica de seus processos de reforma. Conclui-se que, na atual conjuntura, o projeto contemporâneo de reforma enfrenta três grandes desafios: desmontar a estrutura manicomial, fortalecer o modelo de atenção psicossocial e combater a lógica asilar.
Caracterização das internações nos leitos de saúde mental em hospital geral
Authors: Schinemann Vanderl´éia , Zambenedetti Gustavo
Published: September 2020

No cenário da reforma psiquiátrica identificam-se propostas de reconfiguração do lugar e do modelo de atenção que perpassa o dispositivo da internação. Entretanto, há resistências para sua efetivação, constituindo a internação como um importante objeto de análise e reflexão. Esse artigo objetiva caracterizar as internações ocorridas nos Leitos de Saúde Mental em um Hospital Geral de um município do interior do Paraná, no período de setembro/2014 a dezembro/2017. Trata-se de um recorte analítico de uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa com viés descritivo, sob a abordagem teórico-metodológica da Análise Institucional. Destacamos algumas potências desse serviço como o fato de encontrarem-se territorializados, com tempo médio de internação inferior a 7 dias e com baixo número de reinternações e de transferências para outros serviços.
DE-SETTLERING OURSELVES
Authors: Skott-Myhre Kathleen , Kouri Scott , Skott-Myhre Hans
Published: September 2020

This article explores the complexities of settler relations within the context of an academic conference hosted by Indigenous hosts and inclusive of Indigenous ceremony and content. The authors explore a range of questions related to their settler identities as participants in the conference. How are we as settlers to engage in a conference entitled “CYC in Action”, held at an institution constructed on Indigenous land, and dedicated to the promulgation of Western thought and culture? How are we to encounter the ghosts of those Indigenous peoples destroyed and removed from this very geography? How are we to be positioned in relation to our Indigenous colleagues who are reclaiming fragments of this colonized space through ceremony, buildings, and the introduction of sacred objects and totems? Should we adopt the studied neutrality of scholars, the moral high ground of activists, or the inclusive posture of the “good” settler? Do we find ways to be comfortable in the space? Is it an option to seek to be comfortable? Is our “Whiteness” as settlers our passport to enter Indigenous space and claim a right to be there as “friends”? Under the contested relation of a conference taking place on stolen lands that includes both the thieves and the survivors of the theft, who is the host and who determines the conditions of inclusion?
Asociación VACTERL de presentación inusual: reporte de caso
Authors: Torres Valencia Natalia Andrea , Pardo Myriam , Llanos Javier , Sierra Leonardo , Alarcón Yenifer
Published: September 2020

En el contexto de Asociación VACTERL, el diagnóstico prenatal de atresia esofágica concomitante con atresia duodenal es poco común. En el presente artículo se realiza el reporte de un caso con la descripción de los hallazgos ecográficos encontrados a partir semana doce de gestación, con la aparición del signo de doble burbuja intraabdominal compatible con atresia duodenal y una arteria umbilical única; y hacia la semana 31 el hallazgo de imagen anecóica y dilatación esofágica del tercio distal con comunicación con la cámara gástrica en corte longitudinal, representando una atresia esofágica, asociada además a polihidramnios. Desde el momento del nacimiento por examen físico y estudios complementarios, se evidenció además ano imperforado con fístula recto vestibular, arcos costales derechos fusionados y hemivértebras. Por los anteriores hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos, se considera que se trata de una asociación VACTERL; sin embargo, sin alteraciones cardiacas, que es una de las características más frecuentemente encontradas. Se realiza una revisión del estado del arte con respecto a la asociación VACTERL y el diagnóstico prenatal de la atresia esofágica y duodenal.
Ingesta de calcio por la dieta en una población de mujeres embarazadas ecuatorianas que viven a 2.800 metros sobre el nivel del mar
Authors: Durán Chávez José Augusto , Pérez Castillo Andrea del Rocío , Quispe Alcocer Denys Amilcar , Guamán Flores Wendy Yadira , Jaramillo Puga Marilin Estefanía , Ormaza Buitrón Diana Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar los valores de ingesta de calcio dietario en mujeres embarazadas. Para el efecto se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional-transversal, en el Hospital Privado Básico Provida de Latacunga, Ecuador. Se aplicó una encuesta nutricional, previamente validada, a mujeres gestantes desde el segundo trimestre de gestación, que acudieron a los controles prenatales en la consulta del hospital, en el período de septiembre de 2017 a julio de 2018. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software spss v.23; se aplicó estadística descriptiva en las variables edad, índice de masa corporal (imc) y edad gestacional; se obtuvieron media y desviación estándar, mínima y máxima. Se realizó el cálculo de frecuencia para los resultados de ingesta de calcio en la dieta y su distribución según grupos de edad. Como se verá en la sección de los resultados, con la participación de 210 mujeres embarazadas, la media de edad fue de 30,3 ± 4,8 años, la media de la edad gestacional fue de 31,2 semanas, 61,4 % fueron multíparas. La ingesta de calcio media fue de 562,11 ± 257,52 mg/día, el aporte máximo de calcio proveniente de lácteos fue de 1.536,90 mg/día y el aporte mínimo de calcio proveniente de alimentos complementarios fue de 18,93 mg/día. El 90,48 % tuvieron una ingesta de calcio inferior a 900 mg/día con mayor porcentaje en edades entre 26 y 35 años; solo el 9,52 % tuvieron una ingesta mayor a 900 mg/día. Con base en los resultados se ha concluido que la ingesta dietética de calcio en las mujeres embarazadas es de alrededor de 562,11 ± 257,52 mg/día, dato que varía según el país o región de la población estudiada. Se puede afirmar que la ingesta dietética de calcio no llega a los niveles recomendados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (oms) para las mujeres gestantes. La población de estudio tiene acceso a servicios de salud privada.