bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supervisi Klinis Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Digital Guru SMK Negeri Maniis Purwakarta
Authors: Suryana Nana
Published: September 2019

Kegiatan pembelajaran di sekolah pada saat ini harus mulai menyesuaikan dengan tuntutan era 4.0. Penyesuaian tersebut diantaranya mengimplementasikan kemampuan literasi digital. Tujuannya membuat pembelajaran menjadi lebih menarik minat belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam membuat soal menggunakan aplikasi kahoot dan (2) meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal yang dibuat guru dengan mengakses soal tersebut melalui browser web menggunakan smartphonenya (android). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan sekolah, yaitu melaksanakan pembinaan bagi sekelompok guru di suatu sekolah, melalui beberapa siklus, mengunakan sistem spiral refleksi model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart yang dimodifikasi. Strategi/Metode/Teknik Pembinaan yang digunakan pada siklus I dan siklus II adalah model supervisi klinis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilaksanakan supervisi menggunakan model supervisi klinis, kemampuan guru dalam membuat soal kemudian di share ke seluruh siswa menggunakan aplikasi kahoot menunjukkan adanya peningkatan, dari siklus I ke siklus II. Siklus II mengakhiri pembinaan, dengan indikator skor guru minimal 80.00 sudah diatas 85%. Kata kunci: Supervisi akademik, kemampuan, Literasi digital
The Evaluation of Benign Acute Childhood Myositis by Ultrasound Elastography
Authors: Güngör Gülay , Güngör Olcay
Published: September 2019

Objective:   Herein, we aimed to determine the diagnostic contribution of ultrasound elastography (UE) technique to the assessment of muscle stiffness in pediatric patients with myositis.

Material and Methods: This study enrolled 16 patients who presented to our hospital’s Pediatric Neurology Outpatient Clinic with the complaint of inability to walk and who had a clinical presentation of benign acute childhood myositis (BACM). The patients were referred to the Radiology Department to undergo muscle ultrasonography (USG), where they underwent UE of the gastrocnemius muscle (GCM).

Results: Children with myositis and healthy children are similar age (7.06 ± 1.52 year (5–11) vs. 7.00 ± 1.59 year (5–11) year) (P: 0.908) and body mass index (BMI) (20.04 ± 1.58 (18.6–24.2) vs. 22.08 ± 1.43 (19.9–24.4) (P: 0.946). The mean serum creatine kinase (CK) was measured as 1520.3 ± 1163.6 U/L (min: 456,  max:4100) in children with myositis. In the children with myositis, the thickness of the medial and lateral GCM increased compared with that in control group (medial; 18.15 ± 3.02 mm vs 13.10 ± 2.26 mm, p<0.001, lateral; 13.51 ± 3.07 mm vs 9.34 ± 1.86 mm, p<0.001). The medial and lateral GCM ratio in group 1 was slight bigger than that in group 2 (medial; 1.10 ± 0.37 vs 1.00 ± 0.34, p: 0.274, lateral; 1.22 ± 0.44 vs 1.10 ± 0.29, p: 0.243). GCM strain values were mildly elevated in patients with myositis compared to controls.

Conclusion: In the children with myositis, the thickness of the medial and lateral GCM increased compared with that in control group. GCM strain ratio values were slightly higher in myositis patients compared to the control group. We think that the increase in muscle thickness values is mainly secondary to the edema seen in myositis. In addition, UE is a clinically applicable quantitative analysis for changes in myositis.
Control of Deviations in Lattice Structures Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Sokolova Viktoria Vladislavovna , Kantyukov Artem
Published: September 2019

The paper presents the study of lattice structures and deviations in them caused by the phenomena of the selective laser melting. Experimental samples were compared with their computer models and deviations were assessed. The most accurate control method for this material was determined and relative density was calculated from the results of the method.
Evaluation of the Strength of Flat Gears According to the Criterion of the Onset of Plastic Deformation
Authors: Komarov Anatoly S. , Zhukov Vladimir A.
Published: September 2019

In this article, with the help of modern methods of mechanics of a deformable body and the means of computer mathematics, the simulation of contact interaction of gears was performed. For contacting profiles outlined on the involute, the solution of the planar problem was implemented by using the ANSYS Workbench program. This paper compares gears with different tooth profile angles and considers the difference in the use of elastic and inelastic material in gearing. The obtained stress results are compared with results obtained by the AGMA standard. In conclusion, the results are shown in the comparative table.
Dehydration and low ozone in the tropopause layer over the Asian monsoon caused by tropical cyclones: Lagrangian transport calculations using ERA-Interim and ERA5 reanalysis data
Authors: Li Dan , Vogel Bärbel , Müller Rolf , Bian Jianchun , Günther Gebhard , Plöger Felix , Li Qian , Zhang Jinqiang , Bai Zhixuan , Vömel Holger , Riese Martin
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Low ozone and low water vapour values near the tropopause over Kunming, China were observed using balloon-borne measurements performed during the SWOP (sounding water vapour, ozone, and particle) campaign in August 2009 and 2015. Here, we investigate low ozone and water vapour signatures in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) using FengYun-2D, FengYun-2G, Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) satellite measurements and backward trajectory calculations driven by both ERA-Interim and ERA5 reanalysis data. Trajectories with kinematic and diabatic vertical velocities were calculated using the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) trajectory module. All trajectory calculations show that air parcels with low ozone and low water vapour values in the UTLS over Kunming measured by balloon-borne instruments originate from the western Pacific boundary layer. Deep convection associated with tropical cyclones over the western Pacific transports boundary air parcels with low ozone into the cold tropopause region. Subsequently, these air parcels are mixed into the strong easterlies on the southern side of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone. Air parcels are dehydrated when passing the lowest temperature region (
A infância na América Latina: aportes do campo dos Estudos da Infância em Argentina, Brasil e Chile
Authors: Voltarelli Monique Aparecida , Barros Pedroso Nascimento Maria Letícia
Published: September 2019

Os Estudos Sociais da Infância na América Latina têm sido realizados há cerca de trinta anos, adquirindo clara visibilidade em decorrência da promulgação da Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança (CDC) em 1989. O desenvolvimento deste campo científico inscreve-se em um cenário social múltiplo e desigual, relativo às condições políticas e econômicas dos países que compõem o continente. Observa-se que a preocupação com as vidas das crianças e com políticas sociais a elas dirigidas impulsionam os Estudos da Infância, em processo de expansão e consolidação desde então. A partir de resultados de pesquisas realizadas sobre a Sociologia da infância nos países da América do Sul, o presente texto busca apresentar indicativos do campo em três países, Argentina, Brasil e Chile, bem como as contribuições de pesquisadores para o debate sociológico sobre a infância. Algumas questões são transversais e vão estruturando os objetos de estudo no campo, em busca de melhor compreensão das condições de vida das crianças e das maneiras como elas lidam com situações postas no cenário sulamericano. Identifica-se a matriz europeia presente na produção dos Estudos da Infância, que contribui para a pesquisa na América do Sul, embora as questões e características regionais sejam promotoras de investigações concretas e contextualizadas, fazendo avançar o conhecimento da(s) infância(s) sulamericana( s).
Investigation of metals content in the fine fraction of municipal waste from Alytus Regional Landfill
Authors: Kemeklytė Rugilė , Bučinskas Algimantas , Denafas Gintaras
Published: September 2019

This study presents the results of investigation of the fine waste fraction from the Alytus Regional Landfill. The fine fraction was analysed with the aim of characterization of the chemical elements content using scanning electron microscopy, coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), SEM and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Quartz SiO2, calcite CaCO3, anhydrite CaSO4, albite NaAlSi3O8, dolomite CaMg(CO3)2, microcline KAlSi3O8, periclase MgO and muscovite KNa(Al, Mg, Fe)2(Si3.1, Al0.9)O10(OH)2 minerals were identified. The quantity of C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Fe, P, S, Cl and Ti chemical elements was determined and their percentage change after heating was calculated.
Serum Levels of Zinc and Copper in Cases of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Talaat Hala Salah El Din , Mohamed Mohamed Farouk , Ahmed Asmaa Ismael , Shafie Eman Shafik
Published: September 2019

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) represents a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases that arises before the age of 16 years and lasts more than 6 months. During acute inflammation of the disease, serum copper concentration increases and zinc decreases, that could point to the possible pharmacological properties of these trace elements.

Aim: To measure the serum level of zinc and copper in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with different subtypes and correlate the levels of zinc and copper with the disease activity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 40 patients already diagnosed clinically with JIA; patients were followed-up at the Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic, Children's Hospital, Cairo University.

Results: Out of forty patients, 16 were males (40%) and 24 were females (60%) with a male to female ratio (M: F) of 1:1.5. Out of the forty patients 17 were in activity and 23 were without activity. Thirty age and sex matched controls were included for comparison. Serum copper level was significantly higher in patients with JIA than those of the controls (P= 0.017) while there were no significant difference in serum level of zinc between JIA patients and that of the controls.

Conclusion: Alteration of serum copper and zinc probably is a defense response against JIA; increased copper may be due to inflammation associated, these elements could serve as biomarkers for the disease activity.
Syntheses, Structures, Luminescence, and Gas Adsorption Properties of Two New Heterometallic Complexes Involving Alkaline Earth Metals (Ca, Ba)
Authors: Zhang Ai‐Qin , Liu Li‐Long
Published: September 2019

Two new 3D heterometallic frameworks, [Me2NH2][CaCd2(BTC)(HBTC)2]·4H2O (1) and [Ba11Co2(BTC)8(μ3‐OH)2(μ2‐H2O)6(H2O)16] (2) (H3BTC = 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid, Me2NH2 = protonated dimethylamine), were synthesized using solvothermal and hydrothermal techniques, respectively. Complex 1 features a 3D microporous framework; it contains hourglass‐like trinuclear [CaCd2(COO)6] clusters that are bridged by –COO– groups and form zigzag chains. These chains are further interlinked by the –COO– groups of BTC3– ligands into 2D layers with interesting flower‐like configuration, which, in turn, are connected by HBTC2– ligands to afford the 3D structure. Me2NH2+ cations not only balance the negative charges of the host framework but also play template roles to fill in the channels, further consolidating the whole framework. The complicated 3D network of complex 2 is constructed by the interconnection of 2D layers, which, in turn, are made of the infinite inorganic chains based on hexanuclear [Ba6] clusters, and these 1D chains are decorated by {CoO6} octahedrons. Interestingly, the 2D layer can be viewed as a unique structure composed of two different kinds of heart‐shaped rings, which partially overlapped in apical positions to produce a ten‐membered ring window. Moreover, the luminescence properties of 1–2 and the gas adsorption property of 1 have also been studied.
On Stability of Virtual Torsion Sensor for Control of Flexible Robotic Joints with Hysteresis
Authors: Ruderman Michael
Published: September 2019

The aim of the virtual torsion sensor (VTS) is to observe the nonlinear deflection in the flexible joints of robotic manipulators and, by its use, improve positioning control of the joint load. This model-based approach utilizes the motor-side sensing only and, therefore, replaces the load-side encoders at nearly zero hardware costs. For being applied in the closed control loop, the stability and robustness of VTS are most crucial. This work extends the previous analysis by a general case of nonlinear joint stiffness with hysteresis and provides straightforward conditions with respect to the system dynamics. The dissipativity and passivity of the torsion-torque hysteresis map are analyzed and discussed in detail. The absolute stability of VTS inclusion into position control loop is shown based on the equivalent loop transformations and Popov criteria, including the sector conditions. Illustrative numerical examples of the control error dynamics and its convergence are provided.
Efficient water scavenging by cooling superhydrophobic surfaces to obtain jumping water droplets from air
Authors: Ma Xiaochen , Wang Yang , Wu Heting , Wang Yuanhao , Yang Ya
Published: September 2019

Dew collection is significant in harvesting water and relieving water shortages in arid regions. However, current methods for collecting dew or steam are mainly focusing on the millimeter-sized droplets condensed on the superhydrophobic surfaces. Here, we present a concept for harvesting micro droplets that can spontaneously bounce on the cooling superhydrophobic aluminum surface with randomly micro-nano composite structures, which were fabricated by using a two-step surface structural process. Moreover, an integrated device has been developed, which consists of a triboelectric nanogenerator and the superhydrophobic aluminum sheet. We experimentally explained that the triboelectric nanogenerator, which provides an external electric field by converting wind energy to electric energy with DC voltage pulse peaks of about 60 V, can be utilized to enhance the collection capacity of the jumping water droplets.
First-principles study of organic molecule for corrosion inhibition
Authors: Belkada Rachid , Hammoutène Dalila , Tibigui Rahma , Hadj-Said Ikram
Published: September 2019

The widespread use of steel in various industries, especially in the transportation of hydrocarbons and gas, has recently gained a potential interest to explore eco-friendly solutions against corrosion. In fact, the highly aggressive environment generates considerable losses that affect global economy of countries that are mainly depending on the production and transport of energy. In the field of corrosion inhibitors, most common method so far available for protection against corrosion relies on synthetic one. These are unfortunately harmful to the environment as well to the human health, however they remain the most popular and the most effective due to their cost, and their ease of application. One of the most challenging issues in this area is the accurate understanding and measure of the degree of the passivation of corrosion inhibitors, which is complex and depend on many factors such as the nature of the metal, the fluid, the electronic structure of the inhibitor, the temperature, the exposure time, and so on. Recently, organic inhibitors have become increasingly attractive due to their competitive character as compared to the synthetic ones. With the use of advanced computational techniques enhanced by the development of density functional theory (DFT), it becomes possible to identify and design at the fundamental level, novel corrosion inhibitor molecules as complementary well established tool beside to the experimental techniques, which are often very expensive and time-consuming. In this work, we explore by mean of DFT, the anti-corrosion effect of the Lawsone molecule (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) and some of its derivatives to clarify and understand the relationship at the fundamental level between the anti-corrosion properties and the structure of the molecule in contact with the iron.
Solar parameters of the local climate during the summer in relation to data from typical meteorological year
Authors: Rudniak Joanna
Published: September 2019

Parameters characterizing the properties of the local climate, among them the solar irradiance, as part of the so-called Typical Meteorological Year – TMY, are often averaged and modeled. To determine the actually available solar conditions, it is beneficial to perform additional studies of climate factors in specific locations. The article presents the analysis of the solar irradiance measurements results for Częstochowa, carried out in June, July and August, in different years, in comparison to data from typical meteorological year for this period. TMY developed in Poland as well as TMY from PVGIS databases were used. Due to the occurrence of significant discrepancies in the values of solar irradiance, in the considered large data sets, it was found necessity to update the currently used TMY PL for Częstochowa, which were determined on the basis of data from the years 1971–1991. The analysis also included local sunshine duration and its summer anomalies. In addition, the dependence of solar conditions on the particulate matter PM10 content in the air, which is rarely considered in the summer, is presented.
Design investigation of electromechanical generator for energy harvesting
Authors: Smolar Nejc , Virtič Peter
Published: September 2019

In this paper designs of electromechanical generator for low frequency energy harvesting have been investigated. Simulation with finite element method has been conducted in order to determine highest output voltage of simple and robust generator consisting of permanent magnet and windings. In first part round magnets have been used in spherical and cylindrical form, benefiting from their ability to roll through winding with almost no mechanical friction inducing voltage in into windings. In the second part spindles with smaller radius than circumference of magnet were added to axis to increase rotational velocity of magnet in ambition to further increase induced voltage. As a result of added spindles and use of different magnet shapes length of winding turn varied and resistance of winding varied with it. To ensure similar conditions, windings have been recalculated to lowest electrical resistance using same fill factor, resulting in less winding turns decreasing induced voltage. In case of same kinetic energy input, higher rotational velocity combined with lower inertia produced higher induced voltage output.
History of acoustic neutrino detection
Authors: Lahmann Robert
Published: September 2019

The historic development of acoustic neutrino detection is shortly reviewed from early ideas starting in the 1950s to current experiments. The article concludes with an assessment of the current status of the field and outlook to the future, as perceived by the author, and with an emphasis on activities in the Mediterranean Sea.
Updated Calibration of the LOFAR Low-Band Antennas
Authors: Mulrey K. , Bonardi A. , Buitink S. , Corstanje A. , Falcke H. , Hare B.M. , Hörandel J. , Mitra P. , Nelles A. , Rachen J.P. , Rossetto L. , Schellart P. , Scholten O. , ter Veen S. , Thoudam S. , Trinh T.N.G. , Winchen T
Published: September 2019

The LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) telescope measures radio emission from air showers. In order to interpret the data, an absolute, frequency dependent calibration is required. Due to a growing need for a better understanding of the measured frequency spectrum, we revisit the calibration of the LOFAR antennas in the range of 30—80 MHz. Using the galactic radio emission and a detailed model of the LOFAR signal chain, we find a calibration that provides an absolute energy scale and allows us to study frequency dependent features in measured air shower signals.
Innovative technologies for new materials using micro/nano elements
Authors: Karastoyanov Dimitar , Petrov Rosen , Haralampieva Milena
Published: September 2019

The paper describes innovative technologies for obtaining of new materials, alloys and coatings with very high hardness and wear resistance, using different approaches – electro less chemical nickeling; pressing and sintering the parts, coated with a fine powder; high temperature methods with Taman furnaces, building materials. The new materials, alloys and coatings contain micro and/or nano elements – carbides, nitrides, oxides.
The discrete-time tracking problem with H∞ model matching approach plus integral control
Authors: Akın Murat , Acarman Tankut
Published: September 2019

In this study, the discrete-time H∞ model matching problem with integral control by using 2 DOF static output feedback is presented. First, the motivation and the problem is stated. After presenting the notation, the two lemmas toward the discrete-time H∞ model matching problem with integral control are proven. The controller synthesis theorem and the controller design algorithm is elaborated in order to minimize the H∞ norm of the closed-loop transfer function and to maximize the closed-loop performance by introducing the model transfer matrix. In following, the discrete-time H∞ MMP via LMI approach is derived as the main result. The controller construction procedure is implemented by using a well-known toolbox to improve the usability of the presented results. Finally, some conclusions are given.
The Dynamic Control of the Light Signalling Device in Real-Time
Authors: Mrazek Jan , Mrazkova Lucia Duricova , Hromada Martin , Reznickova Jana
Published: September 2019

The article is focused on the issue of interval on a light signaling device. Light signaling devices operate on different systems by means of which they are controlled. The control problem is a very static setting that does not respond to real-time traffic. Important variables for dynamic real-time control are traffic density in a selected area along with average speed. These variables are interdependent and can be based on dynamic traffic control. Dynamic traffic control ensures smoother traffic through major turns. At the same time, the number of harmful CO2 emitted from the means of transport should be reduced to the air. When used in low operation, power consumption should be reduced.
Preclinical murine platform to evaluate therapeutic countermeasures against radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome
Authors: Romesser Paul B. , Kim Amanda S. , Jeong Jeho , Mayle Allison , Dow Lukas E. , Lowe Scott W.
Published: September 2019

Significance

Currently, there are no therapies available to mitigate intestinal damage after radiation injury. Efforts to study and design new therapies are hampered by a lack of models that can be readily adopted to study therapeutic targets. Here we describe a preclinical platform to evaluate therapeutic countermeasures against intestinal radiation injury in vivo in a mouse model that permits inducible and reversible gene suppression following radiation exposure. We demonstrate that transient intestinal Apc suppression stimulates intestinal regeneration and mitigates lethality after radiation intestinal injury, thus validating pulsed Wnt pathway agonism as a therapeutic strategy. This platform can be readily adopted to study theoretically any gene of interest associated with the biology and treatment of intestinal radiation injury.
Dancers’ heart: Cardiac screening in elite dancers
Authors: Metsios George S. , Wyon Matthew , Patel Kiran , Allen Nick , Koutedakis Yiannis
Published: September 2019

Using electrocardiography and echocardiography, we screened elite men and women ballet dancers for abnormal cardiovascular conditions using an observation design with blinded clinical analysis of cardiac function tests. Fifty‐eight (females n = 33) elite professional ballet dancers (age: 26.0 ± 5.7 years, body mass index: 19.9 ± 2.2 kg/m2) with no past or present history of cardiovascular disease volunteered. Participants were assessed via a 12‐lead electrocardiography and two‐dimensional echocardiography for cardiac function. Electrocardiography revealed that 83% of the dancers demonstrated normal axis, while 31% had incomplete right bundle branch block and 17% had sinus bradycardia; none showed any abnormal findings. Findings from the echocardiography were also normal for all participants and comparable to their counterparts in other sports. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were detected in almost all studied echocardiographic parameters between males and females. In conclusion, heart function and structure seem to be normal in elite ballet dancers, placing them at low risk for sudden cardiac death and performance‐related cardiovascular complications. Larger samples are required to confirm these findings.
Pediatric Vestibular Rehabilitation: A Case Study
Authors: Alves Camilla Cavassin , Silva André Luis Santos
Published: September 2019

Background:

A 9-year-old child with a 9-month history of complaints of dizziness, headache, and motion sensitivity came to physical therapy. The child complained of difficulties playing on a playground, running, riding in a car, watching “action movies,” sitting under fluorescent lights, and making quick head movements.

Methods:

An initial evaluation included a clinical oculomotor examination, vergence testing, static and dynamic visual acuity testing, head impulse testing, subjective visual vertical, balance testing, the pediatric vestibular symptom questionnaire, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory—child caregivers version (DHI-PC) and a visual vertigo analog scale. Physical therapy included virtual reality with Xbox games plus adaptation, habituation, and balance exercises. She was seen once per week and given a home program of exercises 2 to 3 times a day.

Results:

After 10 treatment sessions, she reported that playing was easier, headaches had reduced, she could travel as a passenger in a car for long distances without complaints, and that she could watch 3-dimensional action movies without symptoms. Her pediatric vestibular symptom questionnaire scores had reduced from 0.7 to 0.1. The DHI-PC had decreased from 22 to 12 points and her visual vertigo analog scale scores were improved.

Conclusions:

Vestibular rehabilitation improved this child's quality of life. She was able to return to her daily living activities with fewer symptoms.
Global macroeconomic burden of epilepsy and the role for neurosurgery: a modelling study based upon the 2016 Global Burden of Disease data
Authors: O’Donohoe T. J. , Choudhury A. , Callander E.
Published: September 2019

Background and purpose

Although the significant morbidity and mortality burden associated with epilepsy is well understood, associated economic consequences are yet to be estimated on a global scale. We sought to: (i) estimate the value of lost economic welfare attributable to epilepsy among countries included in the 2016 Global Burden of Disease study, (ii) evaluate differences in disease burden between countries of varied income classification and location, and (iii) understand the proportion of this burden that requires neurosurgical consultation and intervention.

Methods

Publicly available morbidity and mortality data were incorporated into a ‘full‐income’ model to generate estimates of the cumulative value of lost economic welfare (VLW) related to epilepsy. Results from a survey of neurosurgeons were then used to estimate the VLW attributable to the proportion of disease requiring neurosurgical consultation and intervention.

Results

A total of 195 countries and territories were included in this analysis. We estimate that the cumulative VLW related to epilepsy was $647.37 billion [2016 US dollars (USD), purchasing power parity (PPP)]. Economic welfare losses were equivalent to a mean of 1.45% (±1.00%) of gross domestic product. The value of economic losses attributable to the proportion of the burden necessitating neurosurgical consultation and intervention was $258.95 billion (2016 USD, PPP) and $155.37 billion (2016 USD, PPP) respectively.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that the economic consequences of epilepsy‐related morbidity and mortality are substantial. When considered with evidence supporting the cost‐effectiveness of various interventions for improved epilepsy diagnosis and management, our findings suggest that the implementation of simple and affordable measures may avert significant economic loss.
A PopZ‐linked apical recruitment assay for studying protein–protein interactions in the bacterial cell envelope
Authors: Lim Hoong Chuin , Bernhardt Thomas G.
Published: September 2019

Most bacteria are surrounded by a complex cell envelope. As with many biological processes, studies of envelope assembly have benefited from cell‐based assays for detecting protein–protein interactions. These assays use simple readouts and lack a protein purification requirement, making them ideal for early stage investigations. The most widely used two‐hybrid interaction assay for proteins involved in envelope biogenesis is based on the reconstitution of adenylate cyclase activity from a split enzyme. Because adenylate cyclase is only functional in the cytoplasm, both protein fusions used in the assay must have a terminus located in this compartment. However, many envelope assembly factors are wholly extracytoplasmic. Detecting interactions involving such proteins using two‐hybrid systems has therefore been problematic. To address this issue, we developed a cytological assay in Escherichia coli based on PopZ from Caulobacter crescentus. Here, we demonstrate the utility of this PopZ‐Linked Apical Recruitment (POLAR) method for detecting interactions between proteins located in different cellular compartments. Additionally, we report that recruitment of an active peptidoglycan synthase to the cell pole is detrimental for E. coli and that interactions between proteins in the inner and outer membranes of the Gram‐negative envelope may provide a mechanism for recruiting protein complexes to subpolar sites.
Predicting Power Plant Equipment Life Using Machine Learning
Authors: Gascon Martin , Kumar Nikhil , Ghosh Rana
Published: September 2019

There are new challenges for plant operators due to the increased share of renewable energy. Plant operators must maintain high reliability and high profits while plants are being required to be more flexible to compensate for the variable generation addition of these renewables into the grid. Plant operators must deal with the thermal strain and the wear-and-tear of such operations. Various models have been proposed in the literature. However, no work has been reported on the development of a robust prediction model. The aim of this study was to determine which machine learning algorithm gives the best estimation of boiler component remaining useful life using plant operations. The flexible operation for all units was estimated using the Intertek hourly MW analysis and damage modeling software Loads Model™. We used several plant features as predictors (such as equipment manufacturer, operating regime, and ramp rates). We tested five different machine learning techniques and found that gradient boost is the best approach to predict the reduction in life span of the plant with over 90% precision.
“It Takes a Village”: Mechanisms Underlying Antimicrobial Recalcitrance of Polymicrobial Biofilms
Authors: Orazi Giulia , O’Toole George A.
Published: September 2019

Chronic infections are frequently caused by polymicrobial biofilms. Importantly, these infections are often difficult to treat effectively in part due to the recalcitrance of biofilms to antimicrobial therapy. Emerging evidence suggests that polymicrobial interactions can lead to dramatic and unexpected changes in the ability of antibiotics to eradicate biofilms and often result in decreased antimicrobial efficacy
in vitro
.
Quantitative Proteomics Uncovers the Interaction between a Virulence Factor and Mutanobactin Synthetases in
Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Rainey Katherine , Wilson Landon , Barnes Stephen , Wu Hui
Published: September 2019

Streptococcus mutans
is the major bacterium associated with dental caries. In order to thrive on the highly populated tooth surface and cause disease,
S. mutans
must be able to protect itself from hydrogen peroxide-producing commensal bacteria and compete effectively against the neighboring microbes.
S. mutans
produces mutacins, small antimicrobial peptides which help control the population of competing bacterial species. In addition,
S. mutans
produces a peptide called mutanobactin, which offers
S. mutans
protection against oxidative stress. Here, we uncover a new link between the putative glycosyltransferase SMU_833 and the mutanobactin-synthesizing protein complex through quantitative proteomic analysis and a tandem-affinity protein purification scheme. Furthermore, we show that SMU_833 mediates bacterial sensitivity to oxidative stress and bacterial ability to compete with commensal streptococci. This study has revealed a previously unknown association between SMU_833 and mutanobactin and demonstrated the importance of SMU_833 in the fitness of
S. mutans
.
The Leutwyler–Smilga relation on the lattice
Authors: Münster Gernot , Wulkenhaar Raimar
Published: September 2019

According to the Leutwyler–Smilga relation, in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the topological susceptibility vanishes linearly with the quark masses. Calculations of the topological susceptibility in the context of lattice QCD, extrapolated to zero quark masses, show a remnant nonzero value as a lattice artefact. Employing the Atiyah–Singer theorem in the framework of Symanzik’s effective action and chiral perturbation theory, we show the validity of the Leutwyler–Smilga relation in lattice QCD with lattice artefacts of order a2 in the lattice spacing a.
Bifurcation analysis of a fractional order time-delay Chua’s circuit based on coupled memristors
Authors: Ding Dawei , Weng Yecui , Hu Yongbing , Yang Zongli
Published: September 2019

In this paper, a fractional-order (and an integer-order) chaotic system, obtained from Chua’s circuit by substituting Chua’s diode with two active coupled memristors (MRs) characterized by quadratic nonlinearity, is introduced to probe the memristive coupling effect. Two MRs connected in parallel are coupled by the flux. For the integer-order memristive system, the dynamical characteristics depending on the coupling strength coefficient between MRs without changing the circuit parameters are illustrated theoretically and numerically by using phase portraits, time domain diagram, bifurcation diagram and the Lyapunov diagram. Then based on the Adams–Bashforth–Moulton algorithm, the study of dynamic behavior of the fractional-order memristive system containing the time-delay reveals that appropriately setting the coupling strength between MRs generates more interesting attractors that differ from its integer-order counterpart. Besides, the effects of the order and the time-delay on dynamics are discussed briefly. Finally, the simulation results verify the validity of the theoretical analysis.
Underwriting the Empire: Nizamiye Courts, Tax Farming and the Public Debt Administration in Ottoman Syria
Authors: Barakat Nora
Published: September 2019

This article investigates the role of the Ottoman Nizamiye Court of First Instance in conflicts over capital between public revenue agencies and tax farmers in the Syrian district of Homs at the turn of the twentieth century. The court’s records show that it adjudicated these conflicts in exclusive reference to codified law. However, I argue that the court’s formalist adjudication responded to political and economic circumstances defined by the global fiscal crises of the 1870s. In the aftermath of these crises, tax farmers took on new roles underwriting both Ottoman public debt and foreign investment through contracts with public revenue collection agencies like the Public Debt Administration. These agencies employed codified law to garner as much of tax farmers’ profits as possible. Tax farmers used the same law to contest these efforts and leverage their new economic influence to maintain control over regional markets and land. The court’s formalist rulings served the prerogatives of imperial sovereignty and solvency.
O COMÉRCIO INFORMAL EM FEIRA DE SANTANA: A REALIDADE DA RUA SALES BARBOSA
Authors: Teles Alessandra Oliveira
Published: September 2019

Feira de Santana é um dos mais importantes municípios do Estado da Bahia. O comércio é a atividade de maior relevância na organização espacial e socioeconômica de Feira de Santana. As relações de troca consolidam tal atividade associadas à localização estratégica da cidade – promoveram o adensamento populacional de modo que o comércio informal se implantasse e se mantivesse. Mesmo com o projeto modernizador associado à abertura de rodovias e ao estabelecimento de um importante centro industrial, é no comércio que se encontra a força da economia de Feira de Santana. A rua Sales Barbosa historicamente apresenta um comércio de rua intenso. Primeiro, os feirantes, e desde o fim da década de 1980, ambulantes e camelôs ocupam o calçadão construído pelo poder público municipal, comercializando predominantemente confecções e calçados. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir o comércio informal em Feira de Santana, particularizando a rua Sales Barbosa.
Mapeamento ambiental como ferramenta de localização de riscos à saúde
Authors: Silva Júnior Valdecir Barbosa da , Silva Maria Tatiane Alves da , Mangueira Jorgiana de Oliveira
Published: September 2019

Este texto apresenta o relato de experiência sobre o mapeamento ambiental em saúde vinculado ao projeto de extensão “Interface entre Meio Ambiente e a Rede de Atenção Básica à Saúde” que foi desenvolvido entre os meses de abril e dezembro de 2017. Para o desenvolvimento do projeto foi selecionado o Bairro Maués do município de Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, que apresentava vários problemas ambientais. Os riscos à saúde, decorrentes do meio ambiente, foram localizados e fotografados a partir das visitas ao território. Esses dados foram a base para o mapeamento ambiental do território, utilizando-se a ferramenta Google Earth. Foram identificados problemas ambientais, como esgotos sem saneamento, acúmulo de resíduos sólidos, terrenos baldios, matadouro clandestino e moradias inadequadas, apenas nas áreas periféricas do bairro. Os riscos estão intimamente relacionados à ocorrência de diversas doenças infecciosas e parasitárias. A identificação clara desses problemas foi possível devido à utilização da ferramenta de mapeamento, demonstrando a importância dessa técnica na análise dos problemas ambientais e de saúde e na tomada de decisão, a fim de melhorar a qualidade de vida da população do território.
Physical Activity Interventions in Diverse US Schools: A Systematic Review
Authors: Feldman Hecht Mindy , Li Ferry Sophia , Falzon Louise , Garber Carol
Published: September 2019

Objectives: Many researchers have studied the effectiveness of school-based physical activity (PA) interventions in promoting children's PA; yet, much remains unknown about best practices for promoting PA in diverse populations of school-aged US children. The purpose of this
systematic review was to evaluate the impact of elementary school-based PA interventions on children's PA levels in minority or underserved populations. Methods: Studies were identified through a systematic search of electronic databases, related references, and additional sources.
Inclusion criteria included US-based randomized controlled trials with validated instruments and scales. Results: A total of 10 publications met the inclusion criteria. Included studies had varying settings (classroom, playground, etc), study population sizes, and durations. Five of
the 10 interventions, including all of the classroom-based interventions, were effective, and the others were equivocal. The effective PA interventions were well-planned and were implemented with fidelity to achieve sustainable results. Conclusion: Overall, classroom-based interventions
improve the PA level of elementary-school age children. The lack of uniformity and fidelity in implementation across interventions limits the interpretation of the findings. Although we conducted a comprehensive search, only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review, indicating
a critical need for more research in this area.
Die Züchtung von Polyploiden mit positivem Selektionswert
Authors: Straub Josef
Published: September 2019

Abstrakt

Der Bastard aus Antirrhinurn majus Sippe 50 und Antirrhinum glutinosum Wildsippe / orgiva ist durch Heterosis und volle Fertilität gekennzeichnet. Er wird tetraploid gemacht. In den diploiden und tetraploiden Nachkommenschaften werden jeweils die wüchsigsten und fertilsten Typen selektioniert. Die stärkste Heterosis tritt in einzelnen Linien der tetraploiden Nachkommenschaften auf. Die wüchsigsten tetraploiden Linien stellen gegenüber den diploiden auch Frühblüher dar. Das Auftreten der frühblühenden Heterosistypen steht im Gegensatz zu allen Befunden an Tetraploiden aus reinen Linien, denn diese sind durch eine Verzögerung der Gesamtentwicklung charakterisiert. In den tetraploiden Nachkommenschaften läßt sich auch die ursprünglich niedere Fertilität durch Selektion erhöhen. Damit ist die Methode aufgezeigt, wie man Polyploide mit positivem Selektionswert auslösen kann. Es ist hierzu notwendig, daß Bastarde, deren Eltern sich in einer großen Zahl von Genen unterscheiden, der Polyploidisierung unterworfen werden. Doch braucht die Verschiedenheit der Bastardeltern nicht so extrem zu sein, daß dadurch im diploiden Bastard Sterilitätserscheinungen bedingt sind.
Können Protonen als primäre Komponente der kosmischen Strahlung angesehen werden?
Authors: Höcker Karl-Heinz
Published: September 2019

Es wird versucht, die bisherigen Erfahrungen über die Höhenstrahlung in der Atmosphäre vom Standpunkt einer primären Protonenkomponente zu verstehen. Dabei erweist sich das neutrale Meson als von entscheidender Bedeutung
Zur Isotopentrennung in aufsteigenden H 2 -D 2 -Flammen
Authors: Clusius Klaus , Faber Gebhard
Published: September 2019

Eine verbesserte Anordnung zur Untersuchung der Entmischungserscheinungen in aufsteigenden H2-D2-Flammen wird angegeben. Mit ihr werden die Trennfaktoren F g im unverbrannten Gasrest in Abhängigkeit vom primären Wasser Stoff gehalt untersucht. Bei 9% Wasserstoff wird ein Grenzwert von F g = 2,22 erreicht, während in guter Uber-einstimmung damit die theoretische Abschätzung F g = 2,lfl verlangt. 1. I n einer früheren Arbeit haben wir einen
Die Raumladungssteuerung im Laufzeitgebiet bei hohen Aussteuerungsgraden
Authors: Gundlach Friedrich Wilhelm
Published: September 2019

Es wird das Verhalten der Raumladungssteuerung im Laufzeitgebiet bei Aussteuerungsgraden untersucht. Vorausgesetzt ist eine Kathode, bei der die thermische Anfangsgeschwindigkeit des Elektronenaustrittes und die Sättigungserscheinungen unberücksichtigt bleiben. Über eine aus Kathode und Anode gebildete Diodenstrecke wird ein Gleichstrom Ī und ein Wechselstrom vom Scheitelwert Î geschickt. Die für den Betrieb der Diode wesentlichen Größen sind das „Stromverhältnis" k = Ī / Î und der „Laufwinkel“

αd = ∛(6│dmε0Fω3/eĪ)

(ω = Betriebsfrequenz, d = Elektrodenabstand, F = Elektrodenfläche). Die durchgeführten Berechnungen liefern den an der Diodenstrecke entstehenden Gleichspannungsabfall (Abb. 7), die Grundwelle des entstehenden Wechselspannungsabfalles nach Größe und Phase (Abb. 5) und die Grundwelle des Elektronenleitungsstromes an der Anode (Abb. 4). Auf die Bedeutung der Rechenergebnisse für die Physik und Technik der Elektronenröhren wird hingewiesen.
Über das Leitvermögen von Cadmiumsulfidkristallen bei Anregung durch harte und mittelharte Röntgenstrahlen
Authors: Brüser I. , Oeser H. , Warminsky B.
Published: September 2019

Das durch Röntgenstrahlen im Bereich von 40-200 kV erzeugte Leitvermögen von CdS-Kristallen wird mit dem Ionisationsstrom einer Luftkammer verglichen. Bei gleicher Strahlen-qualität wurde an einer Reihe von Kristallen Proportionalität zwischen Photostrom des Kristalles und Ionisationsstrom der Luftkammer festgestellt. Dagegen ist die Wellenlängenabhängigkeit des Photostromes erwartungsgemäß eine andere als die des Ionisationsstromes, und zwar ergab sich aus Messungen mit sog. Normalstrahlungen bei etwa 130 kV Röhrenspannung ein Maximum der Empfindlichkeit des Kristalles gegenüber der Empfindlichkeit des Dosimeters. D as Leitvermögen von Cadmiumsulfidkristallen
Über den Einfluß der zwischenmolekularen Wechselwirkung auf das Raman-Spektrum von Chloroform
Authors: Woliňski L. M. , Trumpakaj Z. , Sokolowski J. , Smiatacz Z.
Published: September 2019

Beim Chloroform und einigen Chloroform-Lösungen wurden die differentiellen Intensitäten und Profile der Raman-Linien und ihre Verschiebungen gegenüber den Linien des reinen Chloroforms untersucht und daraus Schlüsse bezüglich der Änderung der Polarisierbarkeit und der Bindungsmomente des Chloroforms durch die zwischenmolekularen Wechselwirkungen gezogen.
Intramolecular Dipole Reorientation of Amino Compounds and their Interaction with Solvent Molecules II
Authors: Eloranta Jaakko K.
Published: September 2019

The dielectric absorption of dilute solutions of chlorocyclohexane, cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, diphenylamine, N-methyldiphenylamine, and triphenylamine in various solvents has been measured between 0.3 and 135 GHz. The measurements have been carried out at 20 °C and for some solutions also at -30 and 60 °C. The previous measurements made for the compounds have been extended to higher frequencies and improved by a greater number of frequencies. The loss curves have been resolved into multiple absorption regions. A rather much contributing far infrared (FIR) term was necessary to be involved in each analysis. The intramolecular dipole reorientation process in cyclohexylamine is considerably slower than in aniline because of the lack of the mesomeric interaction. In dicyclohexylamine only the overall relaxation was observed at microwave frequencies. Two large regions were resolved for N-methyldiphenylamine at microwave frequencies whilst in diphenylamine the second region likely contributes to the very large FIR region. Evidences for weak association between diphenylamine and the aromatic solvents were obtained.
Dielectric Relaxation in Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Ethanol, Water, and Benzene or n-Hexane
Authors: Utzel H. , Stockhausen M.
Published: September 2019

The complex permittivity of the partially miscible systems ethanol-water-benzene and ethanol-water- n-hexane has been measured in the frequency range from 20 MHz to 36 GHz at 20 °C. The results are described as superposition of Debye-terms, which are considered as physically significant and are ascribed to (i) higher, ill-defined, fluctuating self- and hetero-associates (main term), (ii) associates of lower order, relaxing by rotational tumbling, (iii) free molecules. The demultimerization by benzene appears to be more effective than by hexane.