bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Mother’s Safety Competency and The Risk Perception in Sharenting Activities
Authors:   Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta Indonesia, Puspita Birgitta Bestari , Edvra Paulus A ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada Indonesia
Published: December 2022

Social media has attracted many groups of society to use it for various goals. Some parents use it as digital gallery for their children’s photographs, which is now becomes common digital activity in Instagram. In the midst of Instagram popularity, there is risk, lurks children’s safety. The risk includes misuse of children’s images or even kidnapping threat. The activity of sharing online information about children by parents is known as ‘sharenting’, which is mostly practiced by mothers. By practicing ‘sharenting’, they might violate children’s privacy rights. To avoid this, parents' digital literacy skill is needed. Parents’ digital literacy may affect their skill in using digital media, including safety competency. Thus, this research aims to measure the relationship between mother’s safety competencies and risk perception of children’s privacy in ‘sharenting’ activities. The method for this research is web survey, using questionnaire to collect the data from 385 mothers who have children under 13 years old, in accordance with Instagram’s age restriction policy, who live in East Java. The results show that the safety competency factor only correlates 14.4% with the mothers' risk perceptions of children's privacy. Another factor of 85.6% is not seen in this study. The weak relation between mothers’ safety competency and their risk perception of child’s privacy in this research shows that there are many other factors that can be explored in the future research.
Peran Media Lokal dalam Pencegahan Radikalisme Guna Mendukung Kerukunan Beragama di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT)
Authors:   Institut Komunikasi dan Bisnis LSPR Indonesia, Nurhajati Lestari , Wijayanto Xenia Angelica ,   Institut Komunikasi dan Bisnis LSPR Indonesia
Published: December 2022

Radicalism and terrorism are still common in Indonesia, so all parties have a common obligation to carry out prevention and countermeasures. Even the Press Council issued Press Council Regulation Number 01/Peraturan-DP/IV/2015 concerning Guidelines for Reporting on Terrorism on April 9, 2015. However, it is really not easy for the mass media to report and report on this issue in various situations and interests in Indonesia. Likewise for local media in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). This study aims to find out how the role of local journalists in NTT is to perform their functions in preventing radicalism and supporting religious harmony in NTT Province. What obstacles they face in the field, as well as what kind of news construction they have to do in carrying out their duties. Mass media, terrorism and radicalism are theories that continue to develop in line with how the discourse of radicalism is inseparable from the role of mass media coverage in encouraging or inhibiting radicalization and existing acts of violence. The position of the media, both at the local, national and global levels, becomes very important in carrying out counter narration when there are efforts by parties who want to promote the idea of radicalism and terrorism in a region. This research will use the FGD method on 10 journalists from local media in NTT, as an effort to dig deeper into the real conditions in the field. However, nowadays with the strengthening of transnational radical groups, they are trying to do various ways to divide Indonesia, and it is very likely that it will be present in NTT as one of the heart of the province which has been considered very ideal in maintaining religious harmony.
Mengkaji Ulang Teori Kepanikan Moral dalam Situasi Kepanikan Moral Seksual di Era Digital
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Atma Jaya Yogyakarta Indonesia, Listiorini Dina
Published: December 2022

This paper further reviews the Moral Panic Theory/TKM (Moral Panics Theory). This theory departs from sociological concepts that see conflict in society that departs from an issue that is dichotomously divided on the grounds of good and bad, right and wrong morality and is considered to have the potential to threaten national security in the long term. There are several linear stages in TKM in early TKM models initiated by Cohen (1972) and developed more or less similarly by Hall et al. (1978). Then came the constructionist model which was heavily influenced by Blumer's thinking. Technological developments and shifting issues from social problems such as motorcycle gangs, mugging and drugs to more sensitive social issues such as sexuality cause the dynamics and complexity of TKM analysis. The concepts of power and the role of the media, for example. This paper describes the initial concepts in TKM and its development in a situation of changing issues, power and development of mass media technology, which in the end must adapt to the existing situation.
A Theoretical View of Ovarian Cancer Relapse
Authors: Giornelli Gonzalo H. , Mandó Pablo
Published: December 2022

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a disease that almost invariably relapses even after optimal primary cytoreductive surgery and standard first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. After recurrence, progressions occur at shorter intervals in the natural history of the disease. However, the biologic and cellular events underlying recurrence and progression (maintenance phase) are yet to be completely understood. Ovarian adenocarcinoma, like any other tissue, after reduction of the cell population (cytoreduction) either by surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted therapies induced cell-death, tends to its own renewal through cancer stem cells (CSC). CSC remain quiescent most of their lives and then ‘wake up’, generating a proliferative progeny that differentiates as they become different clones of daughter cells. What defines them is their ‘self-renewal’ potential, thus perpetuating the disease with higher tumour volume relapses in which CSC increase in number.

We propose a theory of how recurrence/relapse occurs in which CSC play a key role in the genesis of relapse. These self-renewing CSC can generate a proliferative progeny and this population is sensitive to chemotherapy, anti-angiogenic agents, and PARP inhibitors, which so far have only increased the disease/relapse free survival (‘maintenance phase’). In OC it seems we are not addressing the ‘root’ of recurrence/relapse. As with any theory, this is based on both proven facts and suggested hypotheses, which may serve as investigation drivers towards finally making a substantial improvement in OC management.
Muscle Dysfunction in Childhood Cancer: Biological Mechanisms and Implications for Long-Term Survivorship
Authors: Nielsen Martin K.F. , Larsen Hanne B. , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Christensen Jesper F.
Published: December 2022

Paediatric cancer treatment has advanced significantly over the last half century to a point where >80% of all childhood cancer cases survive >5 years from diagnosis. However, childhood cancer treatments cause a wide range of long-term adverse effects including endocrine dysfunctions, impaired physical function, and a markedly increased risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Emerging evidence suggests that treatment-related muscle toxicities may play a key role in the development of such late effects, but limited research has been performed towards elucidating this phenomenon and therapeutic countermeasures are scarcely available in clinical practice. Here, we review the current literature describing the physiological manifestations of treatment-induced muscular toxicities in paediatric oncology and discuss the use of structured exercise as a targeted countermeasure.
An “evasive neuter”? A study on neuter singular indefinite pronouns with human reference in seventeenth–nineteenth century literary German
Authors: Fleischer Jürg
Published: December 2022

In the area of agreement with noun phrases displaying reference problems, “evasive forms” may be used to avoid problematic choices. When referring to people of more than one or unknown social gender, masculine or feminine forms might be inappropriate. An “evasive construction” solves this problem by turning to a form that is neither masculine nor feminine. A well-known example is “singular they” in English (e.g. anyone can do it if they try hard enough). In literary New High German, neuter singular forms of indefinite pronouns could be used in similar contexts. This construction is largely obsolete in present-day Standard German but well attested until the nineteenth century and still current in some modern regional dialects. In this paper, the grammatical properties of this construction are discussed. It is shown that neuter gender is used for a specific semantic value, namely, to indicate more than one social gender simultaneously or to leave social gender explicitly open.
Transonic compressor Darmstadt - Open test case

Introduction of the TUDa open test case
Authors: Klausmann Fabian , Franke Daniel , Foret Jonas , Schiffer Heinz-Peter
Published: December 2022

Designs for future aero engines aim for increased efficiency with reduced exhaust gas and noise emissions. To achieve these goals, comprehensive physical understanding and highly innovative solutions are necessary. Even though computational capabilities are rising, the required confidence level is restrained. To understand and validate theoretical and numerical models, extensive experiments at realistic operating conditions are crucial.

The modular compressor at the Transonic Compressor Darmstadt test facility at Technical University of Darmstadt enables investigations of prototype BLISK rotors in single or 1.5-stage setups, operating at high-speed conditions. Extensive steady and time-resolving instrumentation is used to determine the compressor aerodynamics and performance as well as aeroelastics.

To foster improvements in numerical modelling and predictability based on high quality experimental data, the TUDa-GLR-OpenStage test case is introduced. It comprises a single stage setup, including the BLISK rotor, a 3D-optimized stator as well as the annulus contour. The data set is supplemented with comprehensive measurement data at stage inlet and outlet as well as running tip clearances.

This paper describes the open test case, related geometries, measurement procedures and corresponding experimental results, including steady state performance and unsteady aerodynamics. Ultimately, it is aiming to provide a standard case for future development of numerical models and comparable validation.
Bahaya Apatisme Pemuda terhadap Kehidupan Bernegara: Edukasi Partisipasi Politik Karang Taruna Ira Kusuma Yogyakarta
Authors: Hapsari Murti Ayu , Wardhani Sri Handayani Retna , Ariyani Nita , Andani Devi
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penulisan ini adalah mensosialisasikan secara tertulis tentang partisipasi politik terhadap pemuda yang merupakan hal yang layaknya dilakukan secara berkelanjutan. Negara demokrasi yang sehat membutuhkan partisipasi warga negara, khususnya pemuda yang berkualitas untuk bisa tetap melanjutkan eksistensinya. Tim Pengabdi Fakultas Hukum Universitas Janabadra berusaha untuk menanamkan pengetahuan tentang pentingnya partisipasi politik serta bahayanya sikap apatis terhadap kebijakan pemerintah. Sosialisasi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman serta meningkatkan kesadaran Pemuda Karang Taruna Ira Kusuma di Yogyakarta terkait dengan pendidikan politik, sedangkan tujuan penulisan adalah untuk mempublikasikan lebih lanjut mengenai kegiatan tersebut. Metode pelaksanaan terdiri dari dua tahap yaitu tahap persiapan serta tahap pelaksanaan sosialisasi. Keseluruhan rangkaian berjalan dengan baik dengan meningkatnya pemahaman pemuda Karang Taruna Ira Kusuma terkait pentingnya partisipasi politik. The purpose of this paper is to socialize in writing about political participation in youth which is something that should be done on an ongoing basis. A healthy democracy requires the participation of citizens, especially qualified youth to be able to continue their existence. Janabadra University's Faculty of Law Service Team seeks to instill knowledge about the importance of political participation as well as the dangers of apathy towards government policies. This socialization aims to provide understanding and increase awareness of the Karang Taruna Ira Kusuma Youth in Yogyakarta related to political education, while the purpose of writing is to publish more about the activity. The implementation method consists of two stages, namely the preparatory stage and the socialization implementation stage. The whole series went well with the increasing understanding of “Karang Taruna” youth Ira Kusuma regarding the importance of political participation.
La primitiva Virgen de Consolación de la Hermandad de la Buena Muerte de Huelva
Authors: Calvo Lázaro Rocío
Published: December 2022

La hermandad de la Buena Muerte de Huelva se fundó en 1921, y se ubicó en la capilla del colegio de los Agustinos. La hermandad comenzó a procesionar en la tarde del Viernes Santo.
 La imagen de la Virgen de la Consolación debía de datar de la primera mitad del siglo XVIII y su origen puede estar en la extinta hermandad del Dulce Nombre. Era de autor desconocido.
Desgraciadamente, la Virgen fue destruida en el incendio provocado al convento de las Madres Agustinas, el 21 de julio de 1936, durante la Guerra Civil española.
Estudio comparativo de la competitividad internacional de Puerto Rico, República Dominicana y Haití en tiempos del covid-19
Authors: Díaz-Cotto Gilvany , Huamn-Crespo Neil , Castro-Gonzáles Segundo , Alsina-Gutiérrez Yarlene
Published: December 2022

Esta investigación estudia la competitividad internacional de tres islas caribeñas: Puerto Rico (PR), República Dominicana (RD) y Haití (HT). La metodología utilizada fue el modelo de los nueve factores de Cho, mediante la evaluación de 38 indicadores de competitividad para cada país, los cuales fueron divididos en factores humanos y físicos. Se usaron análisis de promedios ponderados para darle más relevancia a los valores relacionados a la época del covid-19. Este es un trabajo pionero para el Caribe, y sirve como instrumento de consulta para políticos, empresarios, inversionistas, investigadores y profesores. Encontramos dos indicadores con tendencias opuestas entre PR y RD: en el factor de empleadores mujeres, PR posee el primer lugar, seguido por el crecimiento de PIB, donde RD domina. PR resultó como el mejor sistema económico para tener compañías adaptadas a la modalidad de trabajo remoto, mientras que HT resultó ser la nación con la mayor desventaja competitiva.
Att undervisa naturvetenskap i det flerspråkiga klassrummet
Authors: Lunde Torodd , Höst Gunnar
Published: December 2022

En fråga som både är aktuell och akut för många lärare är hur vi kan arbeta på ett språkutvecklande sätt för att stärka nyanlända och flerspråkiga elever i alla ämnen. En annan fråga som också är viktig är hur vi kan arbeta språkutvecklande i naturvetenskap och teknik så att alla elever oavsett språklig bakgrund gynnas i sin kunskapsutveckling. Intresset för denna undervisningsproblematik återspeglas i flera bidrag i detta nummer av ATENA Didaktik.
Targeting N-type calcium channels in young-onset of some neurological diseases
Authors: Antunes Flavia Tasmin Techera , De Souza Alessandra Hubner , Figueira Juliana , Binda Nancy Scardua , Carvalho Vanice Paula Ricardo , Vieira Luciene Bruno , Gomez Marcus Vinícius
Published: December 2022

Graphical Abstract

N-type calcium channels dysregulation and neurotransmission impairment Early-onset of neurological conditions, like Huntington’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis, and Migraine demonstrate harmful processes, such as neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and conditions like pain. N-type voltage-gated calcium channels are responsible for the exacerbated calcium influx that triggers neurotransmitter release.
Butenolide derivatives from Aspergillus terreus selectively inhibit butyrylcholinesterase
Authors: Cui Xiang , Deng Shanshan , Li Guoyin , Zhang Yunxia , Wang Lining , Wu Changjing , Deng Yanru
Published: December 2022

Two undescribed butenolide derivatives, asperteretal J (1) and K (2), together with 13 known ones (3–15) were isolated from an endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus SGP-1, the fermentation product of which exhibited selective inhibitory activity toward butyrylcholinesterase. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on HRMS and NMR data, and the absolute configurations were determined by specific optical rotation comparison. All compounds were evaluated for cholinesterase inhibitory effects with galantamine as a positive control. Compounds 4–8 selectively inhibited butyrylcholinesterase with IC50 values of 18.4–45.8 µM in a competitive manner, with Ki values of 12.3–38.2 µM. The structure-activity relationship was discussed. Molecular docking and dynamic simulation of the inhibitor-enzyme complex were performed to better understand the interactions.
Advances in wound repair and regeneration: Systematic comparison of cell free fat extract and platelet rich plasma
Authors: Zhang Lifang , Hu Chengjun , Xu Wenqing , Wu Dingyu , Lei Shaorong
Published: December 2022

Background: Previous studies showed Cell free fat extract (CEFFE) and Platelet rich plasma (PRP) could effectively accelerate wound healing. However, the comparative study on curative effect is still lacking. A systematic comparison could provide more theoretical support and laboratory basis for the clinical application of CEFFE and PRP.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of CEFFE and PRP in promoting skin wound repair.

Methods: CEFFE and PRP were prepared according to the literature. The wound repair related factors were measured and compared. In vitro, the effects of both on cell migration, proliferation and tube formation were compared. In vivo, wound healing rate was measured on the 1st, 3rd, 9th, and 12th days after skin injury and treatment. Then the specimens were cut off for histological analysis.

Results: Although the total protein content of PRP was significantly around 19 times higher than that of CEFFE, there was no statistical difference in the content of BDNF, EGF and VEGF between CEFFE and PRP. Even the NT-3 content of CEFFE was just slightly higher than that of PRP. The concentration of b-FGF, HGF and TGF-β and PDGF-BB in PRP is higher than that in CEFFE, but there is only a very small difference between them. In vitro, PRP showed better efficacy than CEFFE in promoting fibroblast proliferation while there was no significant difference in promoting angiogenesis and fibroblast migration. Both PRP and CEFFE could significantly promote wound healing in mice. There was no statistical difference in wound healing between CEFFE and PRP groups in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining of Ki67&CD31 showed that there was no significant difference between PRP and CEFFE groups.

Conclusion: The effect of PRP and CEFFE in promoting wound healing was similar. In clinical practice, the acquisition of PRP is relatively more convenient. Containing no cells, CEFFE has the advantage of easier preservation. For patients who have discarded adipose tissue, or contraindications to PRP technology, CEFFE technology may provide a new option for skin wound repair.
Gut microbial indicators of metabolic health underlie age-related differences in obesity and diabetes risk among Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders
Authors: Wells Riley K. , Kunihiro Braden P. , Phankitnirundorn Krit , Peres Rafael , McCracken Trevor A. , Umeda Lesley , Lee Rosa H. , Kim Dong Yoon , Juarez Ruben , Maunakea Alika K.
Published: December 2022

Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) suffer from higher prevalence of and mortality to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than any other major race/ethnic group in Hawaii. Health inequities in this indigenous population was further exacerbated by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. T2DM progression and medical complications exacerbated by COVID-19 are partially regulated by the gut microbiome. However, there is limited understanding of the role of gut bacteria in the context of inflammation-related diseases of health disparities including T2DM and obesity. To address these gaps, we used a community-based research approach from a cohort enriched with NHPI residents on the island of Oahu, Hawaii (N=138). Gut microbiome profiling was achieved via 16s rDNA metagenomic sequencing analysis from stool DNA. Gut bacterial capacity for butyrate-kinase (BUK)-mediated fiber metabolism was assessed using quantitative PCR to measure the abundance of BUK DNA and RNA relative to total bacterial load per stool sample. In our cohort, age positively correlated with hemoglobin A1c (%; R=0.39; P<0.001) and body mass index (BMI; R=0.28; P<0.001). The relative abundance of major gut bacterial phyla significantly varied across age groups, including Bacteroidetes (P<0.001), Actinobacteria (P=0.007), and Proteobacteria (P=0.008). A1c was negatively correlated with the relative levels of BUK DNA copy number (R=-0.17; P=0.071) and gene expression (R=-0.33; P=0.003). Interestingly, we identified specific genera of gut bacteria potentially mediating the effects of diet on metabolic health in this cohort. Additionally, α-diversity among gut bacterial genera significantly varied across T2DM and BMI categories. Together, these results provide insight into age-related differences in gut bacteria that may influence T2DM and obesity in NHPIs. Furthermore, we observed overlapping patterns between gut bacteria and T2DM risk factors, indicating more nuanced, interdependent interactions among these factors as partial determinants of health outcomes. This study adds to the paucity of NHPI-specific data to further elucidate the biological characteristics associated with pre-existing health inequities in this racial/ethnic group that is significantly underrepresented in biomedical research.
The antigen processing-associated transporter gene polymorphism: Role on gene and protein expression in HPV-infected pre-cancerous cervical lesion
Authors: Medeiros Fernanda Silva , Silva Mauro César da , Silva Neila Caroline Henrique da , Gomes Thailany Thays , Gomes Renan Garcia , Paiva Larissa Albuquerque , dos Santos Gomes Fabiana Oliveira , Peixoto Christina Alves , Rygaard Maria Carolina Valença , Welkovic Stefan , Menezes Maria Luiza Bezerra , Donadi Eduardo Antônio , Lucena-Silva Norma
Published: December 2022

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major pathogen for cervical lesions. The evasion mechanism of the immune response and persistence of HPV infection can be influenced by polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes associated with transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), which may change the peptide binding affinity or the TAP expression impacting the efficiency of peptide transport in the secretory pathway, and the presentation of peptides to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This study aimed to evaluate the role of the TAP1 and TAP2 polymorphisms, TAP1, and TAP2 genes expressions, and protein levels in cervical cells presenting different degrees of pre-cancerous lesions in 296 immunocompetent women infected or not by HPV. TAP SNPs were genotyped by Sanger sequencing, and gene expression by real-time PCR. Aneuploidy was determined by DNA index using flow cytometry. TAP-1 and TAP-2 tissue expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The Asp697Gly SNP of TAP1 presented a risk for cellular aneuploidy (P=0.0244). HPV+ women had higher TAP-2 mRNA (P=0.0212) and protein (P<0.0001) levels. The TAP2D and TAP2E haplotypes were associated with the risk for aneuploidy and pre-cancerous lesions. In conclusion, nucleotide variability at the peptide binding region of peptide transporter genes, particularly of the TAP2 gene, may influence the HPV-peptide transportation from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum, increasing the susceptibility to the development of high-grade cervical lesions.
Using Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest advertising campaigns to increase enrollment in newborn screening research
Authors: McInnis Stephanie , Sobolewski Jessica , Dass Manisha , Gehtland Lisa M. , Bailey Donald B.
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Social media ad campaigns can be an efficient, cost-effective way to recruit for studies online, especially as the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic limited in-person recruitment. Early Check, a large ongoing study offering testing for a panel of conditions for all newborns in North Carolina, uses social media ad campaigns, along with direct mail, email, print materials in health care settings, and messages through patient portals to contact pregnant women and mothers with eligible newborns. All materials refer women to the online Early Check portal for consent and enrollment in the study.

Methods

To evaluate social media options for outreach and recruitment, we ran two paid ad campaigns on Pinterest in May and July 2021 and compared performance to simultaneous Facebook and Instagram campaigns.

Results

Facebook and Instagram cost $136.53 per sign-up in May and July. Our first Pinterest campaign in May resulted in 206,416 impressions, 529 link clicks, and a cost per sign-up of $536.56. After adjusting the campaign to incorporate lessons learned about the platform, the second Pinterest campaign in July resulted in 225,286 impressions, 621 link clicks, and a cost per sign-up of $216.55.

Discussion

Others looking to implement social media ad campaigns for public health recruitment should note that ad costs have increased since 2020. However, social media ad campaigns on Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest remain a cost-effective and convenient way to recruit participants for studies, especially when in-person efforts are not feasible. Ad campaign strategy should also be tailored to the specific platform. Facebook and Instagram ads should be run together in the same campaign to optimize the budget across both platforms and should run using an on-off schedule. Pinterest campaigns should run for a longer period to optimize continually for sign-ups over time.
Effect of exercise on vascular function in hypertension patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhou Huayi , Wang Shengya , Zhao Changtao , He Hui
Published: December 2022

Objective

The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the effect of exercise on vascular function in patients with pre- and hypertension.

Methods

A systematic review of articles retrieved via the PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, and Web of Science databases was conducted. All the randomized controlled trials published between the establishment of the databases and October 2022 were included. Studies that evaluated the effects of exercise intervention on vascular function in patients with pre- and hypertension were selected.

Results

A total of 717 subjects were included in 12 randomized controlled trials. The meta-analysis showed that in patients with pre- and hypertension, exercise can significantly reduce systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD = –4.89; 95% CI, –7.05 to –2.73; P < 0.00001) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (MD = –3.74; 95% CI, –5.18 to –2.29; P < 0.00001) and can improve endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation (MD = 2.14; 95% CI, 1.71–2.61; P < 0.00001), and exercise did not reduce pulse wave velocity (PWV) (MD = 0.03, 95% CI, –0.45–0.50; P = 0.92). Regression analysis showed that changes in exercise-related vascular function were independent of subject medication status, baseline SBP, age and duration of intervention.

Conclusion

Aerobic, resistance, and high-intensity intermittent exercise all significantly improved SBP, DBP, and FMD in pre- and hypertensive patients, however, they were not effective in reducing PWV, and this effect was independent of the subject’s medication status, baseline SBP, age and duration of intervention.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022302646.
The association between iliac vein compression degree and characteristics of first diagnosed left lower extremity deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Shi Yadong , Yuan Yuan , Gong Maofeng , Su Haobo , Chen Liang , Huang Hao , Lu Zhaoxuan , Zhou Yangyi , Gu Jianping
Published: December 2022

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the association between the left common iliac vein (CIV) compression degree and characteristics of first diagnosed left lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Patients and methods

This was a single-center retrospective observational study. Between January 2015 and June 2022, first diagnosed left lower extremity DVT patients with enhanced computed tomography of lower extremities were included. Patient demographics, comorbidities, risk factors, DVT characteristics, and CIV compression degree were collected and analyzed. Logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of iliofemoral or mixed DVT vs. compression percentage. The association between compression percentage and iliofemoral or mixed DVT was evaluated on a continuous scale with restricted cubic splines (RCS). The association between compression percentage and thrombus burden was evaluated using the Spearman test.

Results

A total of 196 (mean age, 61.8 ± 16.1 years; 86 males) patients were included. The median CIV compression percentage in iliofemoral or mixed DVT patients was significantly greater than in non-iliofemoral or non-mixed DVT, respectively (64.4 vs. 46.6%, p < 0.001; 67.8 vs. 54.8%, p = 0.004). CIV compression >50% was associated with significantly increased morbidity of iliofemoral DVT (adjusted OR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.58–5.52; p = 0.001) or mixed DVT (adjusted OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.19–4.81; p = 0.014). RCS showed that a greater compression percentage was associated with a continuously increased OR of iliofemoral DVT (overall p = 0.003, non-linear p = 0.577) or mixed DVT (overall p = 0.020, non-linear p = 0.771). CIV compression percentage had a positive correlation with thrombus burden (rs = 0.284, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

A greater left CIV compression percentage may be associated with increasing likelihood of more proximal location and severe clot extent in first diagnosed left lower extremity DVT.
Validation of a rapid remote digital test for impaired cognition using clinical dementia rating and mini-mental state examination: An observational research study
Authors: Alim-Marvasti Ali , Kuleindiren Narayan , Harvey Kirsten , Ciocca Matteo , Lin Aaron , Selim Hamzah , Mahmud Mohammad
Published: December 2022

Background

The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) are useful screening tools for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, these tests require qualified in-person supervision and the CDR can take up to 60 min to complete. We developed a digital cognitive screening test (M-CogScore) that can be completed remotely in under 5 min without supervision. We set out to validate M-CogScore in head-to-head comparisons with CDR and MMSE.

Methods

To ascertain the validity of the M-CogScore, we enrolled participants as healthy controls or impaired cognition, matched for age, sex, and education. Participants completed the 30-item paper MMSE Second Edition Standard Version (MMSE-2), paper CDR, and smartphone-based M-CogScore. The digital M-CogScore test is based on time-normalised scores from smartphone-adapted Stroop (M-Stroop), digit-symbols (M-Symbols), and delayed recall tests (M-Memory). We used Spearman's correlation coefficient to determine the convergent validity between M-CogScore and the 30-item MMSE-2, and non-parametric tests to determine its discriminative validity with a CDR label of normal (CDR 0) or impaired cognition (CDR 0.5 or 1). M-CogScore was further compared to MMSE-2 using area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) with corresponding optimal cut-offs.

Results

72 participants completed all three tests. The M-CogScore correlated with both MMSE-2 (rho = 0.54, p < 0.0001) and impaired cognition on CDR (Mann Whitney U = 187, p < 0.001). M-CogScore achieved an AUC of 0.85 (95% bootstrapped CI [0.80, 0.91]), when differentiating between normal and impaired cognition, compared to an AUC of 0.78 [0.72, 0.84] for MMSE-2 (p = 0.21).

Conclusion

Digital screening tests such as M-CogScore are desirable to aid in rapid and remote clinical cognitive evaluations. M-CogScore was significantly correlated with established cognitive tests, including CDR and MMSE-2. M-CogScore can be taken remotely without supervision, is automatically scored, has less of a ceiling effect than the MMSE-2, and takes significantly less time to complete.
Encouraging help-seeking and engagement in a mental health app: What young people want
Authors: Garrido Sandra , Oliver Eliza , Chmiel Anthony , Doran Barbara , Boydell Katherine
Published: December 2022

Although many young people evince a preference for digital mental health support over face to face, engagement with smartphone apps for mental health remains relatively low, particularly in young people not accessing professional support services. While some of this can be attributed to stigma or embarrassment, there is also a need for developers and researchers to investigate features which promote long-term usage. MoodyTunes is a music-based smartphone app that has been co-designed with young people to help them develop effective self-management strategies for mood through music listening. Four focus groups with young people (N = 24, aged 13–25) were conducted to workshop how MoodyTunes could promote help-seeking behaviours and long-term engagement with the app. Online discussions following a broad topic guide were held in groups of 4–7 in which participants explored topics including the use of social features, promoting help-seeking behaviour, gamification and mood tracking. Participants also viewed visual materials and offered ideas about visual design both verbally and on paper. A general inductive approach was taken to analysis of qualitative data. Three primary themes were identified in the data: privacy; user empowerment; and engagement vs. achievement. Participants voiced a strong desire to remain anonymous and to feel empowered to make their own decisions about accessing professional help. Sensitive use of language was noted as critical, with some participants noting that the use of more directive language could have a negative impact on their mental health and that motivational features should focus on engagement with the primary aim of the app rather than rewarding achievement. Findings highlight the benefits of a co-design approach and provide key insights into how mental health apps may be able to improve long-term user engagement with young people.
Hydrogeochemical origin and circulation of spring waters along the Karakorum fault, Western Tibetan Plateau: Implications for interaction between hydrosphere and lithosphere
Authors: Wang Jingli , Zhou Xiaocheng , He Miao , Li Jingchao , Dong Jinyuan , Tian Jiao , Yan Yucong , Li Ying , Liu Kaiyi , Li Yang
Published: December 2022

Geochemical investigation on the origin and circulation of geothermal water is crucial for better understanding the interaction between hydrosphere and lithosphere. Previous studies on the Himalayan geothermal belt mainly distributed in the central and eastern Tibetan Plateau. In this study, water samples (8 hot springs and 1 cold spring) from the Karakorum fault (KKF) zone of western Tibetan Plateau were analyzed for the hydrogeochemical characteristics and isotopic compositions. Three types of spring water along the KKF were classified on basis of ionic concentration and Sr isotopic composition: type A water (HCO3–Mg or Ca), type B water (HCO3–Na) and type C water (Cl–Na). Type A water is originated from the infiltration of meteoric water and the dissolution of silicate/evaporite. Type B water is mainly leached from the metamorphic and granitoid rocks. Type C water is formed by the dissolution of chlorides and sulphates. δD and δ18O isotopes indicate that geothermal fluid along the fault zone was mainly recharged by local precipitation. Moreover, reservoir temperatures of 144.2–208.6°C were estimated by the silica–enthalpy mixing model, and the thermal waters have a relatively deep circulation depth (≥ 7.0 km). Meanwhile, the thermal waters are characterized by extremely high Li, B, Fe and As concentrations and earthquakes frequently happened in the vicinity, suggesting that the KKF is a deep and active fault, which also indicates that the thermal fluids are strongly associated with seismicity. Therefore, thermal fluid can potentially be used as continuous monitoring sites for earthquake forecasting.
Variations of the seismic b-value along the Dead Sea transform
Authors: Sharon Matty , Kurzon Ittai , Wetzler Nadav , Sagy Amir , Marco Shmuel , Ben-Avraham Zvi
Published: December 2022

The frequency-magnitude distribution follows the Gutenberg-Richter empirical law, in which the scaling between small and large earthquakes is represented by the b-value. Laboratory experiments have shown that the b-value is related to fault mechanics with an inverse dependency to the differential stress, as was also inferred from observational datasets through relations with earthquake depth and style of faulting. In this study, we aim to obtain a better understanding of the geological structure and tectonics along the Dead Sea transform (DST), by examining relations of the b-value to three source parameters: the earthquake depth, the seismic moment release, and the predominant style of faulting. We analyse a regional earthquake catalogue of ∼20,300 earthquakes that were recorded between 1983 and 2020 in a regional rectangle between latitudes 27.5°N−35.5°N and longitudes 32°E−38°E. We convert the duration magnitudes, Md, to moment magnitudes, Mw, applying a new regional empirical relation, by that achieving a consistent magnitude type for the entire catalogue. Exploring the variations in the b-value for several regions along and near the DST, we find that the b-value increases from 0.93 to 1.19 as the dominant style of faulting changes from almost pure strike-slip, along the DST, to normal faulting at the Galilee, northern Israel. Focusing on the DST, our temporal analysis shows an inverse correlation between the b-value and the seismic moment release, whereas the spatial variations are more complex, showing combined dependencies on seismogenic depth and seismic moment release. We also identify seismic gaps that might be related to locking or creeping of sections along the DST and should be considered for hazard assessment. Furthermore, we observe a northward decreasing trend of the b-value along the DST, which we associate to an increase of the differential stress due to structural variations, from more extensional deformation in the south to more compressional deformation in the north.
West Antarctic Ice Sheet Dynamics in the Amundsen Sea Sector since the Late Miocene—Tying IODP Expedition 379 Results to Seismic Data
Authors: Gille-Petzoldt Johanna , Gohl Karsten , Uenzelmann-Neben Gabriele , Grützner Jens , Klages Johann P. ,   IODP Expedition 379 Scientists
Published: December 2022

Observations of rapid ongoing grounding line retreat, ice shelf thinning and accelerated ice flow from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) may forebode a possible collapse if global temperatures continue to increase. Understanding and reconstructing West Antarctic Ice Sheet dynamics in past warmer-than-present times will inform about its behavior as an analogue for future climate scenarios. International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 379 visited the Amundsen Sea sector of Antarctica to obtain geological records suitable for this purpose. During the expedition, cores from two drill sites at the Resolution Drift on the continental rise returned sediments whose deposition was possibly influenced by West Antarctic Ice Sheet dynamics from late Miocene to Holocene times. To examine the West Antarctic Ice Sheet dynamics, shipboard physical properties and sedimentological data are correlated with seismic data and extrapolated across the Resolution Drift via core-log-seismic integration. An interval with strongly variable physical properties, high diatom abundance and ice-rafted debris occurrence, correlating with partially high amplitude seismic reflection characteristics was identified between 4.2 and 3.2 Ma. Sedimentation during this interval is interpreted as having occurred during an extended warm period with a dynamic West Antarctic Ice Sheet in the Amundsen Sea sector. These records compare to those of other drill sites in the Ross Sea and the Bellingshausen Sea, and thus suggest an almost simultaneous occurrence of extended warm periods in all three locations.
Thyroid function disorders and secondary cancer following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatrics: State of the art and practical recommendations for a risk-based follow-up
Authors: Cattoni Alessandro , Molinari Silvia , Riva Benedetta , Di Marco Santo , Adavastro Marta , Faraguna Martha Caterina , Garella Vittoria , Medici Francesco , Nicolosi Maria Laura , Pellegrinelli Claudia , Lattuada Martina , Fraschini Donatella , Pagni Fabio , Biondi Andrea , Balduzzi Adriana
Published: December 2022

Thyroid disorders (TD) represent a remarkable share of all the late morbidities experienced following pediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), with long-term reported occurrence often exceeding 70%. In addition, the data collected on wide cohorts of survivors assessed longitudinally outlined a progressive increase in the cumulative incidence of TD as far as 30 years following transplantation. Accordingly, a life-long monitoring of thyroid health is warranted among patients exposed to HSCT in childhood, in order to early detect TD and undertake a prompt dedicated treatment. Although several national and international consortia have provided recommendations for the early detection of thyroid disorders among childhood cancer survivors exposed to radiotherapy and alkylating agents, no guidelines specifically and thoroughly focused on HSCT-related TD have been published to date. As stem cell transplantation has become the standard-of-care in a growing body of non-oncological conditions, this urge has become pivotal. To highlight the challenging issues specifically involving this cohort of patients and to provide clinicians with the proposal of a practical follow-up protocol, we reviewed published literature in the light of the shared experience of a multidisciplinary team of pediatric oncologists, transplantologists, pathologists and endocrinologists involved in the long-term care of HSCT survivors. As a final result, we hereby present the proposals of a practical and customized risk-based approach to tailor thyroid health follow-up based on HSCT-related detrimental factors.
Comparison of characteristics between Chinese diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction populations and non-diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction populations: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Peng Jingxuan , Li Dongjie , Liu Longyun , Xiang Yali , Tang Yuxin
Published: December 2022

Background

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common disease in adult men, and diabetes is an independent risk factor for ED. However, there are few reports on the distinction between diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) and non-DMED features, as well as ED features of varying severity in the two groups.

Methods

A total of 365 ED patients treated at two clinics in China from 2019 to 2022 were included. Questionnaires of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), Erectile Hardness Score (EHS), Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were administered to the patients. They were divided into three groups according to the IIEF-5 score: 5-7 for severe ED, 8-11 for moderate ED, and 12-21 for mild ED. In addition, the patient’s age, weight, height, fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), total testosterone (TT) and other indicators were also collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26, comparing all parameters between groups.

Results

Age (P<0.001), height (P=0.009), body mass index (BMI) (P=0.002), PEDT (P<0.001), FBG (P<0.001), FSH (P<0.001), TG (P<0.001), TT (P<0.001) and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) (P<0.001) were significantly different between diabetic ED and nondiabetic ED subjects. The trend test in the nondiabetic ED population found a negative correlation between the IIEF-5 score and PHQ-9 (P for trend=0.15). Multivariate ordinal logistic regression in the diabetic ED population showed that elevated LH OR=11.37 (95% CI: 0.966, 3.897) and elevated PRL OR=4.10 (95% CI: 0.410, 2.411) were associated with an increased risk of more severe ED.

Conclusions

The aetiology, demographic parameters, degree of premature ejaculation, and related biochemical tests were significantly different between the DMED and non-DMED populations.
Classical and alternate complement factor overexpression in non-obese weight matched women with polycystic ovary syndrome does not correlate with vitamin D
Authors: Moin Abu Saleh Md , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Butler Alexandra E. , Atkin Stephen L.
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) exhibit complement factor expression changes that may be obesity-driven rather than an intrinsic facet of PCOS; furthermore, complement changes have been associated with vitamin D deficiency, a common feature of PCOS. Therefore, complement pathway proteins and vitamin D levels may be linked in PCOS.

Methods

We measured plasma levels of complement pathway proteins by Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurement for the classical (C4, C4a, and C4b) and alternative pathways (C3, C3b, iC3b, properdin, and factors B, D, and H) in weight and age-matched non-obese non-insulin resistant women with PCOS (n = 24) and control women (n = 24). Proteins that differed between groups were correlated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), measured by isotope-dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

Results

Women with PCOS had a higher free androgen index and anti-Mullerian hormone, though insulin resistance was comparable to controls; likewise, C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation, was comparable between cohorts. In the alternative complement pathway, C3, iC3b, and properdin were increased in PCOS (p <0.05), while C4 in the classical pathway was increased (p <0.05). 25(OH)D3 levels positively correlated with C3b only in control subjects, with no correlation of 1,25(OH)2D3 with any of the proteins.

Conclusion

In a non-obese PCOS population matched for age, insulin resistance and inflammation, initiating proteins of the classical and alternate complement cascades were increased. However, a positive correlation with 25(OH)D3 was only seen for C3b in control subjects, with no correlation to 1,25(OH)2D3, suggesting that the increase in complement proteins in PCOS is vitamin D-independent.