bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS OF BRAZILIAN ETHANOL EXPORTS FROM 2004 TO 2018: A CONSTANT MARKET SHARE APPROACH
Authors: Ramos Lucas Silva , Schlindwein Madalena Maria , de Almeida Roselaine Bonfim
Published: April 2023

Foreign trade has become increasingly important in countries’ economies. In a realistic view, one can consider that there is a tendency to increase Brazil’s participation in international trade in agribusiness products. In parallel with other major world food producers, Brazil has good relative conditions for expanding its production base. The country leads the world in sugar production and exports and is second in ethanol production and exports after the United States. Global demand for biofuels has risen sharply since the 2000s due to rising oil prices and fossil fuels’ impact on the environment. In this context, in terms of competitiveness, the question that arises is “How competitive is Brazil regarding its biofuel production,” considering not only the ability of biofuel to be an important ally in the environmental issue, but also an alternative to the oil derivatives market. Based on this context, the objective of this article was to analyze the panorama of the Brazilian competitiveness of biofuel, highlighting the performance of exports, evaluating the effect of world trade, the destination effect of exports, and the competitiveness effect in the period from 2004 to 2018, using the constant market share method. The main results found demonstrate that the Brazilian biofuel is competitive due to the increase in world exports. Despite the competitiveness presented, Brazil is losing its share in the fuel market in recent years.
Algunos elementos para contribuir al estudio de los conflictos vinculados a la ciencia y la tecnología. Conocimientos en disputa acerca de la pandemia de coronavirus
Authors: Pellegrini Pablo
Published: April 2023

Los conflictos vinculados a la ciencia y la tecnología constituyen escenarios sumamente útiles para ver cómo se comportan diversos actores sociales frente a hechos científicos que se consideran inestables. En este artículo partimos de los estudios sobre controversias científicas, para acercar una serie de enfoques que pueden nutrir estos análisis y expandirlos hacia ámbitos que exceden a la comunidad científica. En particular, mostramos que la noción de estilos de pensamiento y la tipología de expertos provistos por la sociología de la experticia pueden contribuir con estos análisis. Mediante el análisis de una serie de conflictos vinculados a la pandemia de coronavirus, argumentaremos que los estilos de pensamiento y las formas de experticia constituyen herramientas útiles para analizar los escenarios donde el conocimiento está en disputa en relación a la pandemia.
Política orientada por misión: ¿un instrumento viable para las políticas científicas, tecnológicas y de innovación para la Argentina?
Authors: Giri Leandro Ariel , Lawler Diego
Published: April 2023

En el presente trabajo analizamos la noción de Política Orientada por Misión, un instrumento fomentado desde sectores académicos y políticos asociados a la corriente keynesiana/neoschumpeteriana de la economía política. Este instrumento, en consonancia con el espíritu de la mencionada corriente, establece la importancia del Estado guiando la innovación científica y tecnológica con objetivos claros. En este trabajo caracterizamos esta propuesta y analizamos las condiciones de viabilidad para la aplicación de dicho instrumento en nuestro país.
Smart Trolley Billing System
Authors: Ms. Sonali Mortale  , Shivjeet Kachare  , Meghraj Satav  , Riya Sakhare  , Riya Sakhare
Published: April 2023

Originally we used to induce bill in the paper format and also latterly we use the technology. The barcode scanner was used to read and overlook the barcodes. But latterly, we concentrated on the smart trolley billing system using RFID label which is a digital storehouse device that's used for identification and the information recording. A anthology can pierce or read the data into the RFID markers through the electromagnetic induction. A stoner can only use the RFID label without the power consumption. When the client bought the product, he she firsts overlook the RFID label of the product using the RFID anthology and put into the trolley. While copping the products client needs to overlook the RFID label of the product, a price of the product is taken and stored in the system’s memory. When a person goes for shopping in any boardwalk also he she takes trolley and after completed the shopping he she has to go to the counter for billing. Billing is done with barcodes which is veritably time consuming process. In this technology, we bear surveying each and every item grounded barcode markers attached to that item. It has to done by man power since we need to overlook each marker manually. And another disadvantage is that barcode can not read from long distance. So, our main end is to design automatic billing system which grounded on Radio frequence Identification.
Study Stream Website using Java Spring Boot
Authors: Prof. Snehal Chaflekar  , Ayush Khodankar  , Ankush Wadode  , Ayush Wandhare  , Rajlaxmi Meshram  , Jaykumar Zade
Published: April 2023

Earlier students were facing issues to learn new courses by using multiple web applications such as Udemy, Coursera etc. or to attend live sessions in the different applications such as Google Meet, Zoom etc. Students always wanted a software in which this all the features are available which will help them to stay committed towards their learning the skills. This proposed web application will provide the students to overcome all the problems faced by them in this web application such as they can be provided with courses here and they also can attend the live sessions. This web application is developed over Spring Boot - a powerful Java framework which is used to develop the stand alone web applications and can be easily deployed over the web application as it contains all the pre-defined Java frameworks
A Study of Biodiesel as Opportunities for Environmental Improvement
Authors: Shailendra Kr Dubey  , Er Ram Kumar Godara  , Er Gulzar Ahmad Dar  , Er Shreyance Sharma  , Er Shraddha Kawal
Published: April 2023

Biodiesel is a renewable and sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuels, which has gained increasing attention in recent years. This paper explores the opportunities for environmental improvement through the production and use of biodiesel. Biodiesel is a clean-burning fuel that produces fewer emissions of particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons compared to traditional fossil fuels. It has been found to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 86% compared to petroleum diesel. Biodiesel also provides opportunities for environmental improvement in terms of waste reduction, as waste cooking oil can be recycled and turned into biodiesel. Moreover, biodiesel can be produced from non-food crops, such as algae, which do not compete with food production and do not require large areas of land for cultivation. Overall, biodiesel presents an opportunity for significant environmental improvement, by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving air quality, and promoting the use of renewable resources. As such, further research and development in biodiesel production and use can lead to even greater opportunities for environmental improvement.
Fast and Medium Tempo Resistance Training
with a Low Number of Repetitions in Trained Men:
Effects on Maximal Strength and Power Output
Authors: Lu Wei , Du Zonghao , Zhou Aiguo
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of high load fast and medium tempo back squats using a low number of repetitions on maximal strength and power output. Seventeen participants completed a countermovement jump test and 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) assessment before and after an eight-week intervention. All participants were randomly divided into a fast tempo (FAS: 1/0/1/0) and a medium tempo (MED: 2/0/2/0) resistance training (RT) group and performed three repetitions per set of a Smith back squat exercise with 85% 1-RM intensity. Maximal strength, jump height, peak power and force of the two groups were significantly improved (p < 0.05). In addition, peak velocity significantly increased after the intervention in the FAS group (p < 0.05), but not in the MED group (p > 0.05). A significant interaction effect between training groups was observed for jump height (F (1, 30) = 5.49, p = 0.026, η2 = 0.155). However, no significant group by time interaction effects were found between training groups for maximal strength (F (1, 30) = 0.11, p = 0.742, η2 = 0.004). Therefore, the two groups showed similar effects in maximal strength, but, compared with the MED group, FAS resistance training with low repetitions caused favorable adaptations in power output in trained men.
The Influence of Emotional Intelligence on Coping Ability
in Senior Female Field-Hockey Players in South Africa
Authors: Jooste Julius , Kruger Ankebe , Tinkler Nicola
Published: April 2023

Research has suggested that coping under pressure could be rooted in the ability to identify and manage one’s emotions. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis using cross-sectional data obtained from a sample of South African national and university level female field-hockey players (N = 60, Mage = 21.57, SD = 3.65). A correlational research design was adopted of which a pen-and-paper survey containing the Emotional Intelligence Scale and Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 was used to collect the data. Descriptive results exposed players to yield higher than average levels of total emotional intelligence and coping ability in sport with significant differences noted between the national and university level players in terms of their ability to manage their own emotions (p = 0.018), utilise emotions (p = 0.007, d = 0.74), coping with adversity (p = 0.002, d = 0.84), coachability (p < 0.01, d = 3.17), and overall coping ability (p < 0.01, d = 1.00). After controlling for the level of participation, hierarchical linear regression analyses confirmed the relationship between the study variables exposing total emotional intelligence to be a significant predictor of players’ ability to cope with adversity (β = 0.55, p = 0.006), concentrate (β = 0.43, p = 0.044), maintain confidence and achievement motivation (β = 0.42, p = 0.027), as well as overall coping ability (β = 0.28, p = 0.023). It was concluded that emotional intelligence may be a worthy contributor in the psychological profiling of players and a plausible intervention mapping tool in sport psychology practice to potentially enhance the coping ability of female field-hockey players.
The Effects of a 10-Week Aerobic and Unilateral Lower Extremity Resistance Training Program on Amplitude and Nerve Conduction Velocity of Sensory and Motor Nerves in Diabetic Patients with Neuropathy
Authors: Beigi Sharif , Shabkhiz Fatemeh , Kordi Mohammadreza , Haghi-Ashtiani Bahram , Hashemi-Madani Nahid , Żmijewski Piotr
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of 10-week aerobic and unilateral lower extremity resistance training on nerve conduction velocity and amplitude of sensory and motor nerves in diabetic patients with neuropathy. This clinical trial was conducted on twenty women and men (aged 30–60 years old) with diabetic neuropathy. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the two groups: an exercise group (EG; n = 10) and a control group (CG; n = 10). The EG performed a 10-week programme with one session of aerobic exercises (40% to 70% of HR reserve), supplemented with one session of specific lower extremity resistance exercises (60–90 min/day) on the same day for four days per week. The CG subjects performed their regular daily activities. The nerve conduction velocity, amplitude of sensory and motor nerves and glycosylated haemoglobin A1c were measured before and after the intervention. The repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant increase in the conduction velocity of the sural sensory nerve as well as the peroneal motor nerve (p < 0.01, p < 0.01). The changes in the conduction velocity of the tibial nerve were similar when compared to the control group (p > 0.05). A significantly greater decrease in glycosylated haemoglobin was also observed in the EG group (p < 0.01). Performing 10 weeks of aerobic and specific unilateral lower extremity exercises can improve the function of sensory and motor nerves and improve symptoms in diabetic patients with neuropathy. Given the limited studies in this area, the exact mechanisms of this performance improvement need further examination.
Intermittent Voluntary Isometric Contractions Effects on Performance Enhancement and Sticking Region Kinematics in the Bench Press
Authors: Garbisu-Hualde Arkaitz , Gutierrez Laura , Fernández-Peña Eneko , Santos-Concejero Jordan
Published: April 2023

During the last years, post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) has gained notorious popularity due to the capacity to improve the acute rate of force development (RFD) using different strategies with different muscle contraction regimes as conditioning stimuli. The aim of the present study was to analyse the role of a maximal isometric post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) protocol in performance and its effects on the kinematics of the sticking region. Twenty-one trained participants (age 26.4 ± 5.4 years) underwent two experimental sessions: an experimental session consisting of a single set and a single repetition of the bench press at the 93% of 1RM (which is considered a traditional conditioning activity to induce PAPE) (TRAD) and an isometric experimental session (ISO) consisting of 15 maximal voluntary isometric contractions in the sticking region of the medium grip bench press lasting 1 s with a 1 s rest interval between contractions. Both TRAD and ISO experimental conditions improved performance from post0 to post4, post8, post12 and post16, but only the ISO condition improved performance from the start of the lift to the start of the sticking region from pre to post (p < 0.001), and only the ISO condition improved maximum (p = 0.005) and minimum (p = 0.025) peak velocities. The results of this study suggest that short duration maximal voluntary isometric contractions improve the velocity of the lift prior to the initiation of the sticking region, which ultimately improves the impulse and facilitates the lift.
Internal and External Loads of Young Elite Soccer Players
during Defensive Small-Sided Games
Authors: Rabano-Muñoz Alberto , Suarez-Arrones Luis , Requena Bernardo , Asian-Clemente Jose A.
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different time periods on the internal and external loads of soccer players during small-sided games (SSGs). Seventeen young soccer players performed a SSG of 5 vs. 5 + 5 with 2 floaters, where two teams had possession of the ball, and one had to recover it. With established periods of 30 s (SSG30), 1 min (SSG1) or 2 min (SSG2), teams participated in a defensive role for these periods of time. Total distance covered, moderate speed running distance, high speed running distance, sprint running distance, accelerations, decelerations and Player Load were monitored using global positioning systems devices. The maximal heart rate and modified training impulse were monitored using heart rate monitors. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was also measured. Data showed a small increase between SSG30 and SSG1 in Player Load (ES = −0.35; p < 0.01), and a small increase in high speed running (ES = −0.41; p < 0.05) and sprinting (ES = −0.47; p < 0.01) between SSG30 and SSG2. Also, SSG1 showed a small increase in sprinting (ES = −0.57; p < 0.01) and accelerations (ES = −0.37; p < 0.05) with respect to SSG2. In addition, SSG2 showed a small increase in the RPE with respect to SSG30 (ES = 0.46; p < 0.05). The results indicate that shorter defensive periods in SSGs increased high speed running, while longer defensive periods promoted greater perceived exertion. Manipulation of the duration of defensive periods in SSGs is a variable that should be considered in soccer training.
A Comparison of Basic Training Variables in the Standard
and Cambered Bar Bench Press Performed
to Volitional Exhaustion
Authors: Matykiewicz Patryk , Krzysztofik Michał , Zając Adam
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was to compare the impact of cambered and standard barbells used during the bench press exercise on the number of performed repetitions and mean velocity during a bench press training session that included 5 sets performed to volitional failure at 70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) (for each barbell type). An additional objective was to determine whether there would be any difference in neuromuscular fatigue assessed by peak velocity changes during bench press throws performed 1 and 24 hours after the cessation of each session. The research participants included 12 healthy resistance-trained men. Participants performed 5 sets of the bench press exercise to volitional failure against 70% of 1RM with the cambered or standard barbell. The Friedman’s test showed an overall trend of a significant decrease in the mean velocity (p < 0.001) and a number of performed repetitions (p < 0.001) from the first to the fifth set (p < 0.006 and p < 0.02, respectively for all) under both conditions, yet neither bar showed significant differences between the corresponding sets. Two-way ANOVA indicated a significant main effect of time (p < 0.001) for peak velocity during the bench press throw. The post-hoc comparisons showed significantly lower peak velocity during the bench press throw one hour after the bench press compared to pre (p = 0.003) and 24-hour post intervention (p = 0.007). Both barbells caused a similar decrease in peak barbell velocity during the bench press throw performed one hour after the bench press training session, with values returning to baseline 24 hours later. This indicates that bench press workouts with either a standard or a cambered barbell present the same training demands.
nuevos árbitros del cristianismo y la persecución de la Iglesia
Authors: G. L.
Published: April 2023

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 32, No. 344, 1977: 405-408.
Del cociente intelectual al cociente racial
Authors: Martín-Baró Ignacio
Published: April 2023

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 32, No. 345, 1977: 485-494.
Colección Gavidia
Authors: Jímenez Figueroa Alberto
Published: April 2023

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 32, No. 345, 1977: 499-501.
Señales confusas del Departamento de Estado norteamericano aseguran la ayuda a Somoza
Authors: El Editor
Published: April 2023

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 32, No. 345, 1977: 505-507.
Nivolumab (Opdivo)
Authors: CADTH
Published: April 2023

CADTH recommends that Opdivo, in combination with platinum-doublet chemotherapy, be reimbursed for the neoadjuvant (early-stage) treatment of adult patients with resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (tumours ≥ 4 cm or node positive) if certain conditions are met.

Opdivo used with chemotherapy should only be covered when used to treat adult patients with operable early-stage NSCLC whose tumours are 4 cm or more in size or are considered node positive. Opdivo used with chemotherapy should be given before surgery. Patients receiving Opdivo should be in relatively good health (i.e., have a good performance status, as determined by a specialist).

Opdivo used with chemotherapy should only be reimbursed if prescribed by specialists with experience in managing NSCLC. Opdivo used with chemotherapy should not be reimbursed if used to treat patients who have EGFR or ALK gene abnormalities, patients whose tumour histology is considered large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, or patients for whom chemotherapy before surgery is inadvisable. The cost of Opdivo must be lowered to be cost-effective and affordable.
Multi-Criteria Optimization of Brigade Command Organization in the Process of Operational Planning of Military Operations
Authors: Jevtić Dragan , Dumić Aleksandar , Lojić Ranko
Published: April 2023

The paper presents an analytical overview of the aspects of organizing and functioning of the brigade command in the process of operational planning of military operations. The aim of the work is to offer and compare a new solution for the organization of commands of different levels (in this case, brigade commands) in the process of planning operations, while considering all aspects of the offered organization models. By identifying the possibility of improving the structure and functioning of the command, with the help of the analytical-hierarchical process (AHP) multi-criteria decision-making method, the procedure for choosing the best alternative in terms of the command organizational structure model and the brigade command work organization model, in the concretely considered situation, was presented. Model A, considered in this paper, is adapted to the NATO model of brigade command organization, model B is a modified basic model of brigade command organization, defined in our doctrinal documents. Based on the research, model B of the organizational structure is realistic and high-quality and represents the basis for redefining and improving the organization of the work of the brigade command in the process of operational planning of military operations.
Role of Criminal Profilers in Crisis Situations
Authors: Bjelajac Željko , Filipović Aleksandar
Published: April 2023

Although the first true criminal psychological profile was created less than 70 years ago, and the first unit whose task was to help solve challenging and complicated crimes by analyzing psychological aspects was created about 50 years ago, today we cannot imagine the work of any law enforcement service without the significant contribution of psychological profilers. On the other hand, the number and type of security threats have grown exponentially in the same period, and although it is not possible to react to one part of those threats on time and prevent them, for the other part of those threats there is enough space and time that by engaging profilers, and in certain crisis situations, such as hostage crises, be it terrorist attacks, bank robberies, or other situations in which the perpetrators of such acts take hostages, by engaging a specific subtype of profilers – the negotiators, increase the chances for a peaceful resolution of the crisis situation and prevention of loss of human lives, which is of paramount interest in humane societies. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of profiler-negotiator in crisis situations with a criminal background, using a hypothetical-deductive model and methods of analysis of primary and secondary sources, as well as qualitative, quantitative, comparative analysis, with the starting hypothesis that using techniques and methods of psychological profiling and negotiations in crisis situations with a criminal basis and background, the probability of a positive outcome, peaceful resolution of the crisis situation and damage control drastically increases
Adjustments of the Rock-Eval® thermal analysis for soil organic and inorganic carbon quantification
Authors: Hazera Joséphine , Sebag David , Kowalewski Isabelle , Verrecchia Eric , Ravelojaona Herman , Chevallier Tiphaine
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Quantifying both soil organic and inorganic carbon (SOC & SIC) is essential to understand carbon (C) dynamics and to assess the atmospheric C sequestration potential in calcareous soils. The procedures usually used to quantify SOC and SIC involve pretreatments (decarbonation, decarbonatation) and calculation of the difference between C contents estimated by elemental analysis on raw and pretreated aliquots. These procedures lead to analytical bias associated to pretreatments, measurement deviations associated to the sample heterogeneity, and cumulative errors associated to calculations. The Rock-Eval® thermal analysis, used in soil sciences since the 2000s, provides two parameters estimating the organic (TOC) and inorganic (MinC) C contents of a non-pretreated aliquot with a single analysis. Nevertheless, the Rock-Eval® protocol has been standardized in the 70s by IFP Energies Nouvelles for studying oil bearing rocks and is, thus, not perfectly suited for soil study. Previous studies suggested statistical corrections of the standard parameters to improve their estimations of C contents assessed by elemental analysis but only few of them focused on the estimation of inorganic C content using the MinC parameter. Moreover, none of them suggested adjustments of the standard Rock-Eval® protocol. This study proposes to adapt this protocol to optimize SOC and SIC quantifications in soil samples. Comparisons between SOC and SIC quantifications by elemental analysis and by Rock-Eval®, with and without statistical corrections of the standard TOC and MinC parameters, were carried out on a soil panel with a wide range of SOC and SIC contents. The results show that the standard Rock-Eval® protocol properly estimates SOC contents once the TOC parameter is corrected. However, it cannot achieve a complete thermal breakdown of SIC amounts > 4 mg leading to an underestimation of high SIC contents by the MinC parameter, even after correcting it. Thus, the final oxidation isotherm is extended to 7 min to complete the thermal breakdown of SIC before the end of the analysis.
Glacial isostatic adjustment strain rate – stress paradox in the Western Alps, impact on active faults and seismicity
Authors: Grosset Juliette , Mazzotti Stephane , Vernant Philippe
Published: April 2023

Abstract. In regions formerly glaciated during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) explains most of the measured uplift and deformation rates. GIA is also proposed as a key process contributing to fault activity and seismicity shortly after the LGM and potentially up to present-day. Here, we study the impact of GIA on present-day fault activity and seismicity in the Western Alps. We show that, in the upper crust, GIA induces horizontal compressive stress perturbations associated with horizontal extension rates. The latter agree with the observed geodetic strain rates and with the seismicity deformation patterns. Yet, in nearly all cases, the GIA stress perturbations tend either to inhibit fault slip, or to promote fault slip with the wrong mechanism compared to the seismicity deformation style. Thus, although GIA from the LGM explains a major part of the geodetic strain rates, it does not drive nor promote the observed seismicity (which must be driven by other processes). This apparent strain rate - stress paradox results from the gradual diminution over time of the finite shortening induced in the upper crust by the LGM icecap. A direct corollary of our results is that seismicity and seismic hazard studies in the Western Alps cannot directly integrate geodetic velocities and strain rates, but instead require detailed modeling of the GIA transient impact.
A global Lagrangian eddy dataset based on satellite altimetry
Authors: Liu Tongya , Abernathey Ryan
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The methods used to identify coherent ocean eddies are either Eulerian or Lagrangian in nature, and nearly all existing eddy datasets are based on
the Eulerian method. In this study, millions of Lagrangian particles are advected by satellite-derived surface geostrophic velocities over the
period of 1993–2019. Using the method of Lagrangian-averaged vorticity deviation (LAVD), we present a global Lagrangian eddy dataset (GLED
v1.0, Liu and Abernathey, 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7349753). This open-source dataset contains not only the general features (eddy
center position, equivalent radius, rotation property, etc.) of eddies with lifetimes of 30, 90, and 180 d, but also the trajectories of
particles trapped by coherent eddies over the lifetime. We present the statistical features of Lagrangian eddies and compare them with those of the
most widely used sea surface height (SSH) eddies, focusing on generation sites, size, and propagation speed. A remarkable feature is that Lagrangian
eddies are generally smaller than SSH eddies, with a radius ratio of about 0.5. Also, the validation using Argo floats indicates that coherent
eddies from GLED v1.0 exist in the real ocean and have the ability to transport water parcels. Our eddy dataset provides an additional option for
oceanographers to understand the interaction between coherent eddies and other physical or biochemical processes in the Earth system.
A computationally efficient statistically downscaled 100 m resolution Greenland product from the regional climate model MAR
Authors: Tedesco Marco , Colosio Paolo , Fettweis Xavier , Cervone Guido
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) has been contributing directly to sea level rise and this contribution is projected to accelerate over next decades. A crucial tool for studying the evolution surface mass loss (e.g., surface mass balance, SMB) consists of regional climate models (RCMs) which can provide current estimates and future projections of sea level rise associated with such losses. However, one of the main limitations of RCMs is the relatively coarse horizontal spatial resolution at which outputs are currently generated. Here, we report results concerning the statistical downscaling of the SMB modeled by the Modèle Atmosphérique Régional (MAR) RCM from the original spatial resolution of 6 km to 100 m building on the relationship between elevation and mass losses in Greenland. To this goal, we developed a geospatial framework that allows the parallelization of the downscaling process, a crucial aspect to increase the computational efficiency of the algorithm. The results obtained in the case of the SMB, assessed through the comparison of the modeled outputs with in-situ SMB measurements, show a considerable improvement in the case of the downscaled product with respect to the original, coarse output. In the case of the downscaled MAR product, the coefficient of determination (R2) increases from 0.868 for the original MAR output to 0.935 for the downscaled product. Moreover, the value of the slope and intercept of the linear regression fitting modeled and measured SMB values shifts from 0.865 for the original MAR to 1.015 for the downscaled product in the case of the intercept and from the value -235 mm (original) to -57 mm (downscaled) in the case of the slope, considerably improving upon results previously published in the literature.
Sur les pronoms personnels et les expressions de mépris dans deux traductions japonaises de Manon Lescaut : Mizuho Aoyagi (1956) et Kan Nozaki (2017)
Authors: Omori Taro
Published: April 2023

L’analyse de deux traductions japonaises de Manon Lescaut à travers l’usage des pronoms dans le passage où le vieux G... M... découvre Manon Lescaut et des Grieux chez son fils donne deux portraits divergents du narrateur. Soit c’est un brutal de nature emportée et potentiellement vulgaire; soit c’est un adolescent qui a peu d’usage du monde mais qui malgré ses fautes, ou défauts de caractère, reste relativement plus poli, et conscient de son rang.
Methyl Orange Absorption Using Chitosan from Shrimp Skin as an Adsorbent
Authors: Meriatna Meriatna , Utari Sanda Mulia , Mulyawan Rizka , Muhammad Muhammad , Zulmiardi Zulmiardi
Published: April 2023

In the coloring process, the textile industry generally uses synthetic (artificial) dyes, methyl orange (MO). In this study, the adsorption of methyl orange (MO) dye with chitosan was investigated in a series of batch laboratory studies. The adsorption equilibrium study used a MO solution with a concentration of 10 to 50 mg/L with an adsorbent weight of 3 g put into an Erlenmeyer and shaken until the adsorption reached an equilibrium condition. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics used a MO solution with an initial concentration of 10 and 20 mg/L with a volume of 100 mL with an adsorbent weight of 3 g and the solution was adjusted to pH 2. Effective operating parameters such as pH, initial concentration of dye (C0) and contact time at adsorption has been investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of methyl orange (MO) dye from chitosan increased with an increasing acid content, and it was found that a solution of pH 2 was the optimal pH value for MO adsorption. The adsorption parameters for the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were determined by nonlinear regression and the equilibrium data were best explained by the Langmuir isotherm model, this was indicated by the high value of the correlation coefficient (R2), which was 0.9595. The maximum adsorption capacity was 0.1297 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics can be successfully applied to pseudo second-order kinetic models. The pseudo second-order model results show that the adsorption process is controlled by chemical sorption (chemisorption).
Scenographic art in interwar Bessarabia
Authors: Stăvilă Tudor
Published: April 2023

Th e history of scenographic art in the Republic of Moldova coincides with the appearance of the National Th eater founded in Chisinau in 1921. Testimonies in this regard are the works of Bessarabian artists that are preserved in the collections of the National Museum of Art of Moldova. An impetus for the emergence of modern Bessarabian scenography was the Russian emigrant Georges Pojedaeff , who appeared in Chisinau in 1920 and befriended. Auguste Baillayre, who organized the personal exhibition of the scenographer at the School of Fine Arts on the borders of 1920-1921. Th anks to Auguste Baillayre, Th eodor Kiriacoff , Boris Nesvedov, Elena Barlo, Maria Starcevschi, Elisabeth Ivanovsky, Natalia Brăgalia and many others asserted themselves in this fi eld in Bessarabia, contributing to the establishment of modern Romanian scenography. Th e works kept in the museum’s collections demonstrate the painters’ attraction through the originality of the treatment and the tendencies of European art, included in the circuit of the well-known Russian Ballet tours organized in Paris by Serj Deagilev between 1905-1912. At the same time, we specify that the numerous works with which the Bessarabian exhibitors participated in the local Bucharest salons were lost during the last World War, being known the fate of the collection of the future Municipal Art Gallery, founded in Chisinau in November 1939.
Artistic tapestry from the Republic of Moldova. Years 2011-2020
Authors: Spînu Constantin
Published: April 2023

Th e artistic tapestry, as a fi eld of decorative arts, knew in the second decade of the XXI century conceptual approaches and complex capitalizations of the thematic area, important deepenings of the morphological and syntactic aspects regarding the process of compositional structuring of the image fi eld and, last but not least, of the unique technological realization of the work. Th e latter, being focused both on the classical methodology of weaving the textile product, and on the mixed technologies of joining the fabric with embroidery, or on achieving the aesthetic expressions and message promoted by the stylistics of assembly and collage, ensured the diversity and the originality of works in the domain. One of the distinguished features of the artistic tapestry of the period is the aesthetic capitalization by a large number of plastic artists of the image through the extensive practice of traditional felt modeling technology, which contributed to achieving chromatically nuanced and subtle expressions of the work.
Scenographic art from Moldova - beginnings and evolutions
Authors: Malcoci Vitalie
Published: April 2023

Th e end of the XIX century intensifi es the theatrical life in Bessarabia, a fact that leads to the improvement of staging methods and plastic and decorative solutions of the stage space. Th is gains even greater revival towards the middle of the XX century, being oft en mentioned by critics in the press of the time, who describe the decorations and the costumes in the staged performances. A new phase in the decorative-theatrical art of Bessarabia begins with the appearance of the great personalities who contributed to the creation and development of the Bessarabian Romanian scenography. Th is phase coincides with the activity of some outstanding personalities of the scene-painting in Bessarabia from the beginning of the XX century, such as Auguste Baillayre, Th eodor Chiriakoff , George Löwendal, Boris Nesvedov, Natalia Bragalia, Elisabeth Ivanovsky, Maria Starcevschi, Natalia Danilcenco, Elena Barlo and others. Th e decorations made by these plastic artists starts to be known to the local public. Th is familiarization takes place mainly through the tours in Bessarabian cities and towns, as well as in cultural centers.
Th e Interdependence of Modeling Techniques and Plastic Procedures in the Making of Moldovan Sculptural Nudes
Authors: Marian Ana
Published: April 2023

Th ere are many various materials suitable for the creation of sculptural nudes, but they are almost identical to those which used to create a sculptural portrait. Among them there are clay, stone (from limestone and granite to marble and some semi-precious stones), metals (bronze, aluminum, silver, gold), wood (of various types), wax (as a preliminary material), plasticine (which is also used for sketches) and gypsum (intended for casting works). J.J. Winckelmann wrote: “Visual arts begin with modeling in clay; then there was modeling in wood, then it was in ivory, and fi nally stone and metal were processed.” Th e interdependence of modeling and plastic techniques in creating nudity makes it more expressive. Th us, the choice of material for creating “nude” is not accidental. Th e modeling technique or, in other words, the quality of the rendering of the external surface, helps to reveal the artistic message of the work.
The caricature in the creation of the plastician Leonid Domnin
Authors: Adascalița-Crigan Lucia
Published: April 2023

Th e painter Leonid Domnin distinguished himself in the artistic life of the Republic of Moldova through a prolifi c activity promoted in such fi elds as book graphics, cinematographic art, and the art of caricature. Th e caricature as a genre of plastic creation is professed by the protagonist mainly during the 60s-80s of the last century. Following in the stylistic strands of the time, most of the painter’s humorous-satirical works remain relevant today, attracting attention through skilfully selected scenes, well-directed plastically, and laconic promoted messages. Being made mainly in watercolor and ink, the caricatures elaborated by the plastic artist, highlight the high level of operation of the author with the mentioned materials and the techniques and, at the same time, facilitate his ironic representation of interpersonal relationships, vices, and bad events recorded in the community. Th e humorous-satirical activity of the painter Leonid Domnin, being implanted in resonant graphic sheets, can serve as an original point of reference in the development of current satirical graphics.
Jewish Cemeteries of the city of Chisinau. Preliminary considerations
Authors: Ciocanu Sergius
Published: April 2023

Historical documents highlight the existence of three cemeteries belonging to the city’s Jewish community on the territory of today Chisinau. Th e use of two of them, the most ancient, was interrupted in the 19th century. Th e cemeteries were preserved until the middle of the 20th century when they were destroyed by Soviet authorities. Today, in their place are high-rise buildings and private houses. Th e third Jewish historic cemetery was established in 1819. In the middle of the 20th century, the authorities reduced its territory, and a city park was equipped and residential high-rise buildings were built. In 1970, the cemetery was closed. In the last decades of the century, the remaining part of the cemetery fell into degradation. In 1993, according to the decision of the Parliament, the Jewish cemetery was inscribed in the Register of Monuments of the Republic of Moldova Protected by the State. Since 2018, this property has become a branch of the Public Institution Museum of the History of the Jews of the Republic of Moldova.
Stylistic trends in the development of the architecture of the city of Chisinau in the XX-XXI centuries
Authors: Олейник Светлана
Published: April 2023

Th e architecture of the city of Chisinau has been formed for more than a hundred years in diffi cult historical and socio-economic conditions, being infl uenced by the conceptual transformations of world architecture. During the study period, the architecture of buildings underwent a consistent stylistic transformation from historical to modern trends: eclecticism, neoclassicism, modernism, and postmodernism. In the last two decades, there has been an increase in the infl uence of conceptual direct ions of development of foreign architecture on the creative processes of postmodernist orienta tion taking place in Moldovan architecture. Th e research makes it possible to determine the current trends in the development of architecture in Chisinau, denoting them with the concepts – “Convergence”, “Reminiscence” and “contradiction”, which has a certain architectural and stylistic reference with corresponding compositional techniques that refl ect the polystylism of the development of world architecture.
Th e autochthonous element in Byzantine pew singing from the Romanian area in the XVI - XVII centuries
Authors: Galaicu Violina
Published: April 2023

A fi rst and precious Romanian contribution to the Byzantine musical heritage of the designated period is contained in the codices from medieval Putna (most of them date from the XVI century). Th e psalters of Putna, led by Evstatie Protopsaltu, developed, through joint eff ort, a special melodic style, recognizable in the landscape of Eastern European Byzantine sound art. Th e songs written or transcribed in Putna (with texts in Greek and Slavonic) stand out for their melismatic luxuriance, the variety of rhythmic structures, the improvisational momentum in the melodic proliferation. Even if it does not bring into the equation phenomena of the scope of the Musical School of Putna, the XVII century makes the decisive turning point towards the Romanization of religious singing of the Byzantine tradition. Among the catalyzing circumstances of the process are: the reforming current coming from the West through Transylvania, the grounding of printing in the Romanian countries, the crystallization of the Romanian literary language, the act of uniting with Rome of a part of Transylvanian Romanians. Th e socio-cultural and identity ferment of the XVI – XVII centuries prepared the spiritual eff ervescence of the Brancovean era and the launch of the fi rst collection of sacred chants with Romanian text - the Romanian Psalticha by Filotei sin Agăi Jipei.
Cultural and musical identity as a formative factor of the new national composition schools from the end of the XIX century
Authors: Barbas Valeria
Published: April 2023

Analyzing the co-reporting of the concepts music - identity, music seems to be one of the key elements of identity, because it off ers a perception of the self, but also of the collectivity. Musical compositional creation that tended to embody tradition has served as a powerful cultural resource for nationalism since the XIX century. Th us, in the context of the national movements from the end of the XIX century, new national schools appeared. Th e compositional vector was directed, on the one hand, to get out of the crisis of the romantic music trend, and on the other hand, to strengthen the new national schools in Eastern Europe states, where the academic musical culture was at a relatively young stage. In these conditions, the affi rmation of identity in national musical cultures, in East and Central European professional composition, consolidated the formation of compositional schools that were based on the principles of exploring the traditions of popular art, the uniqueness and specifi c local-regional individuality, in order to affi rm national music and to create cult music.
Th e repertoire of the performer Nina Ermurachi in the “Folclor” orchestra: dominant categories and aesthetic trends
Authors: Chiseliţă Vasile
Published: April 2023

Th e study ”Th e repertoire of the performer Nina Ermurachi in the Folclor orchestra: dominant categories and aesthetic trends” addresses some methodological and epistemological aspects of the theme, designed as a preliminary stage of a wider research on the contribution of the professional folk orchestra “Folclor” in the work of cultural patrimonialization on the platform of neo-traditional art from the late Soviet period (1960-1980). Th e focus is on elucidating the heuristic relevance of some seminal notions from cultural studies theory. Th e author tries to argue the complexity, multiplicity and plurivalence of aspects related to aesthetics, ideology, social base, semantic universe, expressive and typological structures in the repertoire and vocal art of the soloist Nina Ermurachi. Full-time employee of the orchestra for over 37 years, the artist got the most out of around 180 songs in neo-traditional style, a solid and important musical heritage in the form of audiovisual recordings, included in the fund of IPNA Company “Teleradio-Moldova”. Starting from Cliff ord Geertz’s suggestions, two strategic typological categories are delimited in the artist’s repertoire, which symbolize the hegemonic force of two great directions or layers in the patrimonialization process: 1) creations grouped around the idea of national ethos and 2) creations centered on the “new, socialist vision”.
Th e world of lepers in conditions of marginalization and mercy: habitat, legislation, restrictions and prejudices (historical, sanitary-epidemiological and ethnocultural interferences)
Authors: Arapu Valentin
Published: April 2023

In the historical past, lepers were organized into separate communities, living poorly in leprosariums. In society, lepers were treated diff erently, being tolerated and marginalized. Tolerance of lepers included Christian perception and multiple biblical postulates in which the lepers were miraculously healed; Jesus was received in the home of Simeon the Leper. At the same time, people’s fear of leprosy, amplifi ed by the ignorance of the causes of the disease, made lepers undesirable in the medieval society. Multiple restrictions were imposed on lepers; marriages were dissolved when the husband or wife had leprosy. In more serious cases, marked by the phobias of the time, leprosy patients were killed, being blamed for a series of horrors, born more against the background of phobias that dominated the collective imagination of the people. Th e imposed lepers lived in a separate world of their own, a world that existed in the suburbs of the city, a world that lived by its rules and regulations, imposed for the most part from the outside.
Wedding traditions among the Lipovans of the Republic of Moldova (based on fi eld materials)
Authors: Zaicovschi Tatiana
Published: April 2023

On the basis of the author’s fi eld researches, the characteristic features of holding a traditional wedding among the Lipovans of the Republic of Moldova were revealed. Th e traditional wedding lasted three days, this feature is largely preserved to this day. On Sunday, aft er the wedding, the wedding party was celebrated in the groom’s house, the next day there took place the so-called “otvodiny” – the wedding in the bride’s house, and on the third day only the closest people were invited. On the fi rst and second days, the “dressing” of relatives (parents, etc.) was carried out: cuts of fabric, embroidered towels were used for this, which were hung crosswise on both shoulders. Th e parents planted at the wedding were usually the godmother and the godfather, with their active participation, the guests gave gift s to the young family; on the second day, they traveled around the village and collected these “gift s” (grain, goats, lambs, cuts of fabric, etc.). In the morning of the second day, the godmother entered the young couple’s room to check the “honesty” of the bride. If everything turned out to be in order, she went out to the guests with a red rag or bow. We also studied a number of transformations that took place in the wedding traditions of the Lipovans of the Republic of Moldova, especially in cities.