bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nörogastronomi ve Duyuların Lezzet Algısına Etkisinin Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşmelerle Analizi (Analysis of Neurogastronomy and the Effect of the Senses on the Perception of Taste with Semi-Structured Interviews)
Authors: Çılgınoğlu Hakkı , Çılgınoğlu Ülkü
Published: July 2022

Tüm insanlarda hayati öneme sahip olan, Maslow'un ihtiyaçlar hiyerarşisi piramidinde göstermiş olduğu gibi yeme ve içme gereksinimidir. İnsanoğlunun yeme ve içme ihtiyacı, doğduğu andan itibaren onunla gelişmekte ve temel güdüleri arasında yer almaktadır. İnsanların bazı yiyecek ve içecekleri daha fazla severken, bazı ürünleri sevmemesi gerçeği tüm gücü ile hayatımızda var olmaya devam etmektedir. Lezzet algısı hangi duyu organından etkilenerek tercihler yapmaktadır? Söz konusu çalışmanın çıkış noktasını da bu durum oluşturmaktadır. Kavramsal açıdan “Nörogastronomi nedir?”, “Dünyada nasıl ortaya çıkmıştır?” ve “Tüketilen ürünlerden alınmış olan hazzın ne kadarı yenilen gıdalardan ne kadarı beyinde oluşan lezzet algısından kaynaklanmaktadır?” sorularına cevap aranmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışma ile nörogastronomi bilinirliğinin ölçülmesi, bir gıdayı tüketirken duyusal algılardan hangilerini kullanarak değerlendirme yapıldığının belirlenmesi ve renklerin lezzet algısına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Kavramsal çerçevede çalışmanın veri toplama aracı olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu oluşturularak görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya Kastamonu Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi öğrencilerinden 32 kişi katılım göstermiştir. Bu görüşmelerden elde edilen en önemli bulgu; geçmişten gelen, yerleşik kanıların değişebilir olduğu ve duyuların nörobilim ile lezzet algısını değiştirebileceğidir.
Gastronomi Festivalleri, Yemek İmajı ve Destinasyon İmajı Arasındaki İlişkiler: Hatay Örneği (Relationships Among Gastronomy Festivals, Food Image and Destination Image a Case Study of Hatay)
Authors: Keskin Emrah , Sezen Nevres
Published: July 2022

Festivaller, insanların önceden planlanmış belirli gün ve saatlerde, belirli bir amacı gerçekleştirmek veya kutlama yapmak için çeşitli aktiviteleri deneyimlediği, eğlendiği ve çeşitli sosyal çevrelerle iletişim kurduğu etkinliklerdir. Gastronomi festivalleri, bir destinasyonun yöresel yiyeceklerinin sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak amacıyla yılın belirli dönemlerinde gerçekleştirilen ve yöresel yemek deneyimlerinin yapıldığı etkinliklerdir. Yemek imajı, yemek deneyimleri sonucunda oluşan imajdır. Destinasyon imajı ise bir destinasyonda yapılan tüm deneyimlere yönelik oluşan imajdır. Hatay ili sahip olduğu zengin yemek mirasından dolayı ulusal ve uluslararası pek çok gastronomi festivalinin düzenlendiği aynı zamanda yemek imajını evrensel olarak tanıtmayı başarmış bir destinasyondur.
Turistlerin Artırılmış Gerçekliğe Dayalı Tur Rehberi Uygulamalarını Kabul Etme Eğilimlerinin İncelenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma (A Study on the Investigation of Tourists Tendency to Adopt Augmented Reality-Based Tour Guide Applications)
Authors: Özekici Yakup Kemal , Kızılcık Onur
Published: July 2022

Tur rehberliği hizmetlerinde artırılmış gerçeklik-temelli rehberlik uygulamalarına yönelik araştırmaların turizm yazınında sınırlı bir kapsamı teşkil ettiği görülmektedir. Buradan hareketle araştırmada, tur rehberi uygulamalarının benimsenmesinde rol oynayan unsurların irdelenmesi, faydalı bilgileri ortaya çıkaracaktır. Bu nedenle, turistlerin artırılmış gerçekliğe dayalı tur rehberi uygulamalarını benimseme niyetleri Değer Temelli Benimseme Teorisi (DTB) çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiş olup, veriler anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Bu kapsamda son 12 ay içinde tatil deneyimi gerçekleştirmiş olan 291 turistin örneklem olarak alındığı araştırma modeline has hipotezler, PLS-SEM aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, artırılmış gerçekliğe dayalı tur rehberi uygulamalarına yönelik algılanan değer (AD)’in, algılanan kullanışlılık (AK), algılanan haz (AH), algılanan teknik özellik (AT) ve algılanan finansal bedel (AF) değişkenlerinin tamamı tarafından pozitif yönde ve anlamlı olarak açıklandığı görülmüştür. Benzer şekilde, algılanan değer değişkeninin, artırılmış gerçekliğe dayalı tur rehberi uygulamalarına yönelik benimseme niyetini (DN) pozitif yönde ve anlamlı olarak açıkladığı görülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen sonuçlar teorik ve pratik açıdan tartışılmıştır.
Çevreye Duyarlı Mutfak Uygulamaları: Ankara Yeşil Otel Restoranları Örneği (Environmentally Responsible Kitchen Practices: Example of Ankara Green Hotel Restaurants)
Authors: Güleç Hakan , Ünlüönen Kurban
Published: July 2022

Birleşmiş Milletlere göre 2021 yılında 7,9 milyar olan Dünya nüfusu, 2100 yılında %38 artarak 11 milyara yaklaşacaktır. Artan küresel ısınma ve onun ortaya çıkardığı olumsuz gıda üretim koşulları, sınırlı tarımsal alanlar, artan atıklarla birlikte çevre kirliliği; çevreye duyarlı uygulamaları daha da önemli hale getirmektedir. Türkiye’de çevreye duyarlı tesis olarak sertifikalandırılan yeşil oteller ve uygulamaları da çevreye duyarlılık noktasında önemlidir. Bu bağlamda, araştırma Ankara’daki yeşil otel restoranlarının çevreye duyarlı uygulamalarını, mutfak yöneticileri gözünden değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ankara’daki 14 yeşil otelde yüz yüze görüşme tekniğiyle verilerin toplandığı araştırmada yeşil otellerin restoran mutfaklarında çevreye duyarlı uygulamalardan; atık yönetimi, sürdürülebilir gıda, su ve çevreye duyarlılık ile müşteri boyutları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, nitel durum çalışma deseni kullanılmış, katılımcıların görüşleri alınarak, betimsel analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya göre en çok atık madde taze sebze ve meyve kabuklarından oluşmaktadır. Gıda atıklarının oluşum nedenleri arasında ilk sırayı açık büfeler almaktadır. Tüm mutfak yöneticilerinin yerel ürün tedarikine bakışı olumlu ve destekler niteliktedir. İşletmelerde en çok su tüketimi, mutfakta ürün hazırlığında olmaktadır.
Restoran Girişimciliğinde Etnosentrizmin Etkisi: Safranbolu Örneği (The Effect of Ethnocentrısm In Restaurant Entrepreneurshıp: The Case of Safranbolu)
Authors: Cankül Duran , Diker Oğuz , Nur Uslu Ayşe
Published: July 2022

Etnosentrizm; dahil oldukları kendi gruplarını evrenin merkezi gibi gören, farklı grupları ait olduğu grubun bakış açısıyla gören, kültürel anlamda kendi gruplarına benzeyen kişileri sorgulamadan kabul ederken benzemeyen kişileri ise reddeden insanlar için genel bir eğilimi ifade etmektedir. Bunun yanında etnosentrizm ürünlerin üretiminde ve satın alınmasında etkili olan bir kavramdır. Etnosentrizmin restoran girişimciliğine ne şekilde etki ettiğini tespit etmeyi amaçlayan bu çalışmada, nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Görüşme yöntemiyle elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimleyici analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Görüşmeler Safranbolu’da faaliyet gösteren 11 restoran işletmecisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda restoran menülerinde Safranbolu yöresel yemeklerinin yer aldığı, mutfaklarında Safranbolu kültürünü yansıtan ahşap, bakır, çömlek, kiremit gibi araç gereçleri kullanıldığı, restoranların tasarımında da Safranbolu kültürünü yansıtan ögelere yer verildiği görülmüştür. Restoranların logo, reklam ve tanıtımlarında Safran çiçeği, Safranbolu evleri gibi Safranbolu kültürünü yansıtan figürlere yer verildiği, satın alınan helal sertifikalı olmasına dikkat edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Satın alınan gıda ürünlerinin ve ekipmanların tercihinde etnosentrik eğilim gösterilmekte, çoğunlukla coğrafi işaretli ve yerli ürünler tercih edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Yemek bir aracı unsur olarak kullanılmış, yemekle birlikte destinasyonun tanıtılmasının da ön plana çıktığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Turizm İşletme Belgeli Otel İşletmelerinde Çalışanların Örgütsel Bağlılıklarının Performansları Üzerindeki Etkisi: Ankara Örneği (The Effect of Organizational Commitment of Employees in Hotel Businesses with Tourism Operation Certificate on Performance: The Case of Ankara)
Authors: Fırat Alaattin , Fırat Zehra
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı Ankara’da faaliyet gösteren turizm işletme belgeli otel işletmelerinde çalışanların örgütsel bağlılığının çalışan performansına etkisini incelemektir. Otel işletmeleri emek yoğun işletmeler olup, aynı zamanda personel devir oranı yüksek olabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla çalışanların örgütsel bağlılığının otel işletmelerinde sağlanması önem arz etmektedir. Zira bu durumun performanslarını da etkilediği düşünülmektedir. Araştırmada kar topu örneklem yöntemiyle 409 çalışandan veri toplanmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Anket formunda çalışanların örgütsel bağlılığını ve performanslarını ölçmeye yönelik ifadeler kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçekler güvenirlik ve geçerlik testlerinden geçirildikten sonra bulgulara geçilmiştir. Veri analizi sürecinde SPSS ve Amos istatistik programları kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucuna göre normatif ve devam bağlılığının çalışan performansına pozitif yönde anlamı olarak etkilemektedir. Ancak duygusal bağlılığın çalışan performansına pozitif yönde anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Süryani Mutfak Kültürü; Mardin Örneği (Syriac Cuisine Culture; Example of Mardin
Authors: Macit Çiftçibaşı Büşra , Yılmaz İlkay
Published: July 2022

Yemeğin üretimi, hazırlanışı ve sunuluşu her toplumda farklılık göstermektedir. Her toplumu özel kılan ve diğerinden ayıran birçok gastronomik değer mevcuttur. Mutfak kültürü yöreden yöreye, bölgeden bölgeye değişmektedir ve mutfak kültürü oluşturmada din ve coğrafya büyük bir etkiye sahiptir. Süryaniler Hristiyanlık dinine geçerek, dinin öğretileri gereği çeşitli perhiz ve oruç tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, uygarlıkların beşiği olan Mezopotamya’nın en eski topluluklarında biri olan Süryanilerin mutfak kültürü hakkında araştırma yapılmıştır. Çalışma için Süryanilerin tarih boyunca yaşadığı, Tur Abdin bölgesinde yer alan Mardin kenti seçilmiştir. Mardin bünyesinde barındırdığı farklı etnik gruplarla uyum içerisinde yaşanan bir kenttir. Süryanilerin yoğun olarak yaşadığı ve ruhani bir değere sahip Mardin şehrinde çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmesi önemlidir. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden kültür analiz (etnografya) deseni çerçevesinde hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada görüşme tekniği kullanılmış ve yarı yapılandırılmış soru görüşme aracılığıyla Mardin’de yaşayan Süryaniler ile görüşülüp veri toplanmıştır. Mardin’de yaşayan 15 Süryani ile yüz yüze görüşülmüştür ve elde edilen nitel veriler betimsel analiz ile çözümlenmiştir. Katılımcıların öğünlere göre tükettiği yiyecekler incelendiğinde, perhiz dönemlerinde ve özel günlerde tükettiği yiyecekler hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.
The Effects of Tourism on Local Community Quality of Life and Living Place Satisfaction: A Case of TRNC
Authors: Cizrelioğulları Mehmet Necati , Günay Tuğrul , Barut Pınar
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, living place satisfaction and quality of life play an increasingly important role and more studies are being conducted on these topics. This conceptual paper explores and discusses the concepts and dimensions of sustainable tourism, satisfaction and quality of life. The aim of the study is to determine the extent of tourism development among local community by determining local community's attitudes toward tourism, taking into account tourism development in destination areas. In this research, the questionnaire technique, which belongs to the quantitative research methods was preferred as an instrument for data collection. The data were collected from the local population in the Kyrenia region of Northern Cyprus. Based on the results obtained from 259 participants of the survey conducted with the participation of the local community living in Kyrenia, one of the most important tourist destinations in Northern Cyprus, the results were tabulated and interpreted in terms of the demographic information of the participants and then on the axis of the research scales the influence of the local community on tourism, the quality of life and the living place satisfaction.
Kadın Dostu Turizm Kavramına Yönelik bir Metafor Analizi (A Metaphor Analysis on The Concept of Women-Friendly Tourism)
Authors: Erdoğan Morçin Sine
Published: July 2022

Kadın dostu turizm kavramı farkında olunan ancak tam anlamıyla açıklanmamış turist dostu yaklaşımlardan biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, on sekiz yaş üstü bireylerin kadın dostu turizm kavramını hangi metaforlar ile açıkladıklarının belirlenmesidir. Çalışmanın diğer amacı ise on sekiz yaş üstü bireylerin kadın dostu turizm kavramını açıklamak için ürettikleri metaforların hangi kategoriler altında toplandığının tespit edilmesidir. Çalışmanın araştırma grubunu Isparta’da yaşayan on sekiz yaş üstü bireyler oluşturmaktadır. Ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen katılımcılardan kadın dostu turizm kavramını bir şeye benzetmeleri ve neden bu benzetmeyi yaptıklarını açıklamaları istenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın deseni olgu bilimdir. Araştırma sonucunda kadın dostu turizm kavramını açıklayan 10 kategori ortaya çıkmıştır. En çok metafor üretilen kategori kadın dostu turizmin önemi kategorisi olmuştur. Diğer kategoriler, kadını yansıtma, ulaşılması güç ideal, yaşamsal değerler, toplumsal değerler, rahatlık, güvenlik, özgürlük, hijyen ve turistik çekicilikler kategorileridir.
Dijital Pazarlama Araçlarından Sosyal Medyanın Yabancı Turistlerin Türkiye yi Tercihleri Üzerine Etkisi (The Impact of Social Media as a Digital Marketing Tool on Foreign Tourists choice of Turkey)
Authors: Şanlı Güner Saime , Üner M. Mithat
Published: July 2022

Sosyal medya kullanımının bilgi edinmek ve iletişim sağlamak amacıyla artmasıyla tüketicilerin günlük yaşamı üzerinde büyük bir etkisi olmuş ve bireylerin birbirleriyle iletişim kurma ve seyahat etme şekilleri değişmiştir. Bu gelişmelerin turizm işletmelerine etkisi seyahat topluluklarının varlığının artmasına ve seyahat endüstrisinde önemli değişikliklerin oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Bu araştırmada, İngiltere, Almanya ve Rusya’da yaşayan sosyal medya kullanan ve seyahat etme niyeti olan bireylere ana dillerinde sorular yöneltilerek seyahat ile ilgili sosyal medyanın; faklı kültürel bakış açılarına sahip turizm tüketicilerinin tercihleri üzerindeki etkisinin ölçülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler SPSS 25.0 ve Smart PLS 3.0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Veriler değerlendirilirken tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metotlar (sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma) kullanılmıştır. Karşılaştırma testleri ve frekans analizi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca uyarlanan ölçeğe ilişkin güvenirlik ve yapı geçerliliği için açıklayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, sosyal medyanın; faklı kültürel bakış açılarına sahip turizm tüketicilerinin davranışları üzerindeki etkisi olduğu söylenebilir.
INCREASING THE AVAILABILITY AND AFFORDABILITY OF TELEMEDICINE FACILITY IN THE TIMES OF PANDEMIC - CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Associate Professor & Head, P.G. Department of Economics, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow., Srivastava Anupma , Bhatia Shriya ,   Student of B.A.3rd Year, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow.
Published: July 2022

For more than 30 years, clinicians, physicians, healthcare officials and others have been investigating the use of advanced telecommunication and other technologies to make changes or improvements in the health care systems. The collective efforts of the team lie in the development and the use of telemedicine further penetrating it in the villages as well. Telemedicine is the electronic information and communication technologies to provide and support the health care systems when the distance acts as a barrier between the patients and the healthcare officials. It is a socially accepted, feasible and cost-saving technology that can further act as the cheapest way to bridge the urban-rural divide in access to health care in India. Moreover, it can help attract and retain the health professionals in the rural areas by providing proper training and collaboration with the other healthcare officials. The study explains the ways for increasing the availability, affordability, and accessibility of the telemedicine facility in the times of the COVID-19 pandemic not only among urban population but among the rural population as well.
LAST WILL AND TESTAMENT OF MANAS BATYR
Authors:   Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Osh State University, City Of Osh, Kyrgyz Republic., Koldoshovich Koldoshev Misirali
Published: July 2022

This research article discusses episodes related to how Khan Manas, who was seriously wounded in the great battle during the Great Campaign, was met by his wife Kanykey. Despite the severe pain in the area of â€‹â€‹the wound, Manas pulled himself together with all his strength to stand in front of Kanykey with dignity. The wise Kanykey immediately subtly felt the poor state of her husband. Having rested a little after returning from an exhausting long journey, Manas asked his wife to come up to him he decided to tell her about his will, that his days were numbered and he had only a short time to live he asked her to mature, grow stronger, live for the sake of a common son, take care of him, protect her son from haters in every possible way he told her: when our son grows up, tell him about his father, his life path and exploits how he gathered and rallied the Kyrgyz family scattered in different places and distant lands into a single people, and that his father devoted his life to his native people educate him so that he grows up as a hero, a defender of his land. The will given to Kanykei was executed by her very reverently, accurately and responsibly. In the difficult days that fell to her lot, she gathered herself, pulled herself together, got stronger. Day and night, thinking about her son Semetey: she cared, educated, tried to make him grow up as a son of the people, a worthy successor to the legacy of his ancestors, and become a gentleman, perform heroic deeds like his father. Kanykeis mother looked into her sons future with great hope. And the son of Semetey, in turn, was a spiritual support for his mother. In the most difficult hours and minutes, she was supported and helped, the grandmother of her son Chiyyrdy was next to her, as well as relatives on her mothers side. In her images, we see hidden spiritual values, an example to follow, which our Kyrgyz mothers need to follow in the modern information-saturated reality. The article focuses on the fact that the testament as a method of public education carries a great moral value in the formation of important personal qualities of the younger generation.
Men’s Role in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV: The Case of Fundong Health District, Northwest Region Cameroon
Authors: Che Nji Valery
Published: July 2022

The challenge of incorporating men in HIV prevention from mother to child transmission (PMTCT) activities has remained a major barrier to women’s adoption of basic PMTCT activities. Available research that has been done to incorporate men in PMTCT activities used women as the sample. PMTCT was introduced in Cameroon in 2000 and in the Fundong Health District in 2002. This study was aimed at determining factors that influence men’s participation and involvement in PMTCT programs. A descriptive cross-sectional correlation design was used with 384 participants ranging in age from 24 to 77 years. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed. Structured questionnaires were given to 384 men in six randomly selected health areas. A focus group discussion was held with randomly selected key PMTCT service providers in the district. Stata version 10 was used to do univariable and multivariable analyses on the data. Respondents had a mean age of 42.83 and a standard deviation of 10.41. The level of involvement was above average. There was a positive correlation between the age and level of men’s involvement in PMTCT. Knowledge and awareness had an adjusted OR (95%CI) of 5.24(2.78, 9.85) with a P-value of 0.01. Socio-cultural factors had an adjusted OR (95%CI) of 2.98(1.73, 5.11) with a P-value of 0.01. Hospital-based factors had an adjusted OR (95%CI) of 1.53(0.93, 2.53) and a P-value of 0.09. In conclusion, even though socio-cultural factors were seen as deterrents, men’s role and participation increased with more knowledge, awareness, and understanding of the PMTCT programme and the manner in which nurses offer PMTCT services.
Incisional Hernia Following Laparotomy among Women in Enugu, Nigeria: A Ten-year Review
Authors: Enebe Joseph Tochukwu
Published: July 2022

An incisional hernia may occur in women following laparotomy. Obesity has become an increasing non-communicable public health problem in middle and low-income countries. Also, the caesarean section has been on the increase even among obese women. The study aimed to evaluate the outcome of care and determine the association between caesarean section and obesity in the development of incisional hernias among women who underwent laparotomy for various indications in Enugu, Nigeria. A retrospective study of women who underwent incisional hernia repair between January 2010 and December 2020 at the 2 tertiary hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria, was carried out. The following parameters were assessed; age, predisposing factors, presence and absence of obesity and the class of obesity, comorbidity, presenting symptoms, duration of symptoms before presentation, the interval between presentation and intervention, intra-operative finding, the definitive operative procedure performed, complications of treatment, and outcome of treatment. A total of 46 patients were evaluated. Their mean age was 44 years. Caesarean section and obesity were the most frequently performed laparotomy (31/46, 67.5%) and most common comorbidity (41/46, 89.2%) respectively among the participants. The majority of the patients (44/46, 95.7%) had mesh repair of the incisional hernia, and most had no post-operative complications. There was no significant relationship between incisional hernia and obesity, p = 0.446. There was no mortality. In conclusion, caesarean section, a frequently performed laparotomy, and obesity as comorbidity were frequently associated with the occurrence of incisional hernia among the participants. The use of appropriate mesh and techniques were associated with good results and reduced recurrence.
Time to Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation and Factors associated to Same Day Initiation in the West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Fabrice Djouma Nembot
Published: July 2022

Same-day Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) initiation after a positive HIV test result is vital for faster viral suppression. This study assessed the time to ART initiation and factors associated to SDAI in the West region of Cameroon. This was a cross-sectional retrospective study. The data was extracted from registers and patients’ medical records and analysed. The mean age of the 3053 participants was 36.9 (SD: 13.3), and 64.0% were female. A total of 2346 (76.8%) participants had initiated ART the same day of the diagnosis. Female gender (OR= 1.2; 95%CI:1.1-1.5), Tier 3 HF (OR= 1.3; 95%CI: 1-1.7), semi-urban facility’s location (OR= 1.4; 95%CI: 1.1-1.7), periods of test January-March 2020 (OR= 2; 95%CI: 1.6-2.6), April- June 2020 (OR= 1.7; 95%CI: 1.3-2.2), and July- September 2020 (OR= 3.4; 95%CI: 2.5-4.6), index case testing entry point (OR= 1.6; 95%CI: 1.2-2.1), active occupational situation (OR= 1.3; 95%CI: 1-1.7), and good general status (OR= 1.3; 95%CI: 1.1-1.6) were independently associated to same day initiation. In addition to WHO stage 2 (OR= 0.6; 95%), tuberculosis (OR= 0.2; 95%CI: 0.1-0.5), inpatient (OR= 0.2; 95%CI: 0.1-0.4) and emergency entry point (OR= 0.1; 95%CI: 0-0.2) were inversely associated to SDI. The ART initiation was timely for most clients in the West region of Cameroon, in alignment with the WHO recommendations. However, this was not the case among symptomatic, critically ill, and tuberculosis clients. This underscores the need for ongoing support, counselling, and continuous readiness assessment, as well as a strong linkage system for clients with delayed ART initiation.
Conduct of Integrated Health Services in Real Hard-to-Reach/Under-Served Communities to Address Maternal/Child Health Problems, 2016–2018 in Borno State Nigeria
Authors: Ngoshe Ibrahim Musa
Published: July 2022

The study focused on the conduct of integrated health services in real hard-to-reach/under-served communities to address maternal and child health problems from 2016–2018, riding on the Global Vaccine Action Plan that was conducted in Seventeen (17) Local Government Areas at risk of sustaining polio transmission in Borno State from July 2014 to December 2015, it was further expanded to 1712 for both real Hard-to-reach and Under-served communities in 25 accessible Local Government areas for integrated Health services using two strategies, Real Hard-to-reach areas and under-served communities which targeted newly liberated communities including internally displaced persons between 2016 to 2018. The findings from the study show treatment of minor ailment, 628731 clients were seen, and 9482 were referred to next health facilities for proper diagnosis and management, 88421 pregnant mothers received intermittent preventive therapy, sensitization on exclusive breast feeding, complementary feeding, focused antenatal care, Water sanitation, and hygiene. Furthermore, the findings show that oral polio, measles, hepatitis, yellow fever, tetanus toxoid, and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination was carried out for children from 0-11 months, while tetanus vaccination was carried out for pregnant women. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the mobile health teams had improved the health status of Children, women of childbearing age, pregnant mothers, and other age groups in Real Hard-to-reach and under-served communities like Antenatal/post-natal, treatment of minor ailments, vaccination, nutritional screening, HIV testing counselling and referrals, Gender-based violence identification counselling and referrals and de-worming.
Community Assessment on Understanding, Involvement, and Action in The Prevention of Dengue Fever: A Case Study of Mvita Sub-County, Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Awadh Khadija Mbarak
Published: July 2022

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease transmitted by the female Aedes Aegypti species. There has been a dramatic increase in Dengue cases globally, many cases being asymptomatic or mild. WHO reports an 8-fold increase in cases over the last two decades, 5.2 million cases in 2019, compared to 2.4 million in 2010 and 505,430 cases in 2000, with a noted increase in fatality cases from 960 to 4032 between years 2000 and 2015. Cases have increased over the last years, with approximately 2.5 billion people at risk (WHO 2019). An estimated 50 million cases occur worldwide annually, with an estimated 500,000 people with DHF requiring hospitalization, the majority being children of less than five years, of whom 2.5% of those affected die. The first Dengue fever outbreak in Kenya was in 1982 in the coastal region, with outbreaks from April-June 2013 and March-June 2014 coinciding with long rains that provide a conducive breeding ground. Mombasa County has environmental conditions favoring mosquito proliferation and interaction with humans, such as a warm climate, high rainfall, and overcrowding. This study realized a major misconception about how Dengue fever is spread when 48% of the respondents recommended sleeping under a mosquito net as the key preventive measure. This study recommends community engagement and sensitization to update on the correct Dengue Fever information, possibly via health promotion activities such as community dialogues, radio talk shows, commercials, and community action days to clear the environment of all items listed and identified as possible Aedes mosquito breeding sites.
A Robust Approach to Determining Under-served Settlements for Health Using Geographic and Spatial Coverage Modelling in Bauchi Local Government Area
Authors: Bello Isah Mohammed
Published: July 2022

Access to health care services with the assurance of affordable, low-cost, and quality services that is available to people is one of the core components of universal health coverage (UHC). The United Nations (UN) has included the achievement of UHC by the year 2030 as part of the 3rd component of the SDG, which is aimed at ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all ages, in the overall Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The number of people lack-ing access to essential health services continues to increase. Hence, the need for close monitor-ing of the mode and pattern of accessibility to basic health care services becomes crucial as population growth continues to expand in many of the low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC). This study examined the geographic and spatial accessibility of the primary health care network in the Bauchi Local Government area of Bauchi State – Nigeria through open data and geospatial analysis techniques. The study identified settlements/populations that are not covered (under-served) by any health facility (HF) in the local government and the geographical net-work coverage of the HFs in the LGA. It also highlights the factors that are influencing accessi-bility to guide policymakers on equal distribution of health care facilities towards reducing ine-quality in accessibility. Different data sets on HF locations, population, and settlement point was used. The study opens ways to closing inequality in access to health care services, which will further support the effective and efficient delivery of health care services in similar resource settings towards achieving UHC.
Time of the First Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Default and Factors Associated to Early ART Default in the Test and Treat Context: Evidence from the West region of Cameroon
Authors: Fabrice Djouma Nembot
Published: July 2022

Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) retention continues to be a challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding factors that contribute to default at the early stage of ART can contribute to avoid poor treatment outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study on adult patients who initiated ART treatment between October 2019 and September 2020 in 25 health facilities in the West region of Cameroon. Early ART default was defined as having default within the first three months of treatment. The mean age of the 2219 clients included in the analysis was 36.8 (SD:13.4), and 838 (36.5%) were male. The median time to the first ART default of the 629 (28.3%) participants who experienced at least one ART default within 12 months after their ART initiation was 5 months, and 41.2% of those defaults occurred within the first three months of ART. Male gender (AOR =1.3; 95%CI:1.1-1.7) and good health at initiation (AOR =1.7; 95%CI:1.3-2.2) were associated with a high risk of early default; while being followed up in a private facility (AOR =0.3; 95%CI:0.2-0.6) were associated with less risk of early default. The ART default at the early stage of HIV care is high in the West region of Cameroon and more frequent in the male gender and in patients with apparent good health at the time of ART initiation. Interventions should be identified and implemented to ensure continuity of ART treatment especially in males, in clients with good health at the time of ART initiation, and in clients on care in public health facilities.
Attitudes, Roles, and Community Perspectives Regarding Male Involvement in Breastfeeding in Juba, South Sudan
Authors: Moses Tobijo Denis Sokiri
Published: July 2022

There is growing awareness that fathers’ infant-feeding preferences may influence mothers’ intentions to breastfeed and help promote optimal breastfeeding. Despite this understanding, fathers are not part of most breastfeeding promotion strategies such as ‘mother-to-mother’ support groups. This study examined male partners’ breastfeeding attitudes, roles, and community views on male involvement through quantitative and qualitative methods. We interviewed 275 fathers of children aged <2 years, 15 key informants, and five focus groups to learn from the community. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 28.0; and thematically to generate frequency tables, median, interquartile range, and repeating patterns. Above 70% of fathers agreed that breastfeeding did not harm marriage or reduce women’s attractiveness. Breastfeeding in public is also accepted, and responsibilities are shared. The study also found support for >80% of the critical roles, including housework, baby care, and holding and watching the mother breastfeed. Education level was significantly associated with breastfeeding attitudes (r=-0.207 p =0.001<0.05) and roles (r=0.308, p=0.001<0.05). Employment status was also significantly associated with attitudes (r=0.184, p=0.003<0.05) and roles in breastfeeding (r=-0.155, p=0.007<0.05). However, there was no significant association between hours of work and the attitudes/roles of male partners in breastfeeding (r=-0.074, p=0.125>0.05 and r=0.049, p=0.224>0.05, respectively). The key barriers that emerge included challenging patriarchy, gender role segregation; Sexism; false beliefs; and work-related, social, economic, and personal factors. The major cultural hurdles that emerged signify the need to develop context-specific strategies to dispel myths about male breastfeeding involvement and promote supporting practices.
Factors Associated with the Development of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Inmates in Four (4) Correctional Facilities of Copperbelt Province -Zambia
Authors: Banda Godbless
Published: July 2022

Correctional facilities have often been cited as reservoirs for Tuberculosis (TB), presenting a potential threat to the general population. Although correctional facilities are recognized as ideal settings for interventions, little is known about the TB epidemiology within them. The purpose of my study was to determine factors associated with the development of pulmonary tuberculosis among inmates in the selected correctional facilities of Copperbelt province of Zambian. The design of the study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that aimed at determining factors associated with the development of PTB among inmates, a case study of Ndola Remand, Chingola, Luanshya, and Mufulira Correctional Facilities. A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data regarding factors associated with the development of PTB amongst inmates. From the total of 384 study participants, 143 had records of having PTB during the research period, and 241 had no records of having TB disease. With evidence obtained from this study has identified the areas that need attention in terms of control and prevention of TB in the four (4) correctional facilities. Furthermore, the factors associated with TB positivity in the present study included HIV status, sharing of cells with TB patients, and cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption.
Building Resilience into the Care of Autistic Children in Lagos State: A Social Worker’s Perspective
Authors: Olaitan Oluwayemisi
Published: July 2022

There are centres in Lagos State, Nigeria specifically devoted to the care of children with autism. Such centres have developed various practices, methods, and interventions that over the years have become a standard. To curb the spread of Covid-19 in the year 2020, Lagos State Government imposed a lockdown and various social restrictions. One of the attendant consequences of the lockdown was that these centres, where autistic children were being cared for, had to be closed, made to offer skeletal services, or change the delivery of care to an online version. This research is a qualitative research that aims to show that the model of care offered pre-Covid was not resilient to withstand the sudden change brought by the pandemic and to proffer modification to the present model of care. The study was done through in-depth interviews of expert and snowballed sampled professionals involved in the care of autistic children. The study found that it was impossible to continue some interventions during the lockdown; while it was possible to continue some interventions online, it was difficult to deliver; for other interventions, the delivery was inadequate. This led to deterioration in the clinical, psychological, or social status of these autistic children. The researcher concludes that there is a need to redesign the model of care for autistic children in Lagos to make it resilient to all forms of future disruptions. It was recommended that home-based care and software applications and animations fit for local needs be developed for assessment and interventions.
Endogenous Capital Utilization in CGE Models: A Mongolian Application with the PEP-1-1 Model
Authors: Galindev Ragchaasuren , Decaluwe Bernard
Published: July 2022

This paper extends the PEP-1-1 model (a static computable general equilibrium, or CGE, model for small open economies) to incorporate variable capital utilization. It argues that CGE models with fixed sectoral capital may underestimate the impact of shocks in the short run by ignoring industries’ adjustment of their capital utilization rate (or intensity of use) in response to changes in their economic environment. The model is calibrated to a 2014 Mongolian social accounting matrix. An increase in the export price of coal is considered as a shock for demonstration purposes. Compared to the standard PEP-1-1 model the impact of the shock is larger in the expanded model. In addition, the results of the PEP-1-1 model are derived as a special case of the model involving capital utilization.
Direct assessment of background leakage levels for individual district metered areas (DMAs) using correspondence of demand characteristics between DMAs
Authors: van Thienen Peter
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes a new approach to rank a group of district metered areas (DMAs) in terms of background and unreported leakage rate and to quantify background/unreported leakage levels for individual DMAs in this group. This is done using an extension of the comparison of flow pattern distributions or CFPD method. The approach presented is based on an assumption of similarity in demand behavior between different DMAs. It requires no other data than net inflow timeseries for the DMAs or supply areas under consideration, and no assumptions other than that of similarity of demand. As such, it provides a low-data-requirements method for the evaluation of background and unreported leakage that does not share underlying assumptions with the commonly used mininum night flow method and may potentially present a supplement or alternative to it. The approach is validated using numerical simulations and applied to flow data of a set of DMAs from the Netherlands.
Nowe polskie tłumaczenie Kodeksu prawa kanonicznego – uwagi na temat kanonów regulujących małżeństwo
Authors: Majer Piotr
Published: July 2022

Artykuł zawiera omówienie zrewidowanego przekładu kan. 1055-1165 Kodeksu prawa kanonicznego z 1983 roku. Nowe tłumaczenie zostało zatwierdzone przez Konfe- rencję Episkopatu Polski dnia 18 listopada 2021 roku. Autor omawia najważniejsze zmiany w tłumaczeniu na język polski kanonów regulujących małżeństwo, podając uzasadnienie dokonanych nowelizacji. W większości przypadków zmiany polegają na dokonaniu ko- rekty językowej, zwłaszcza stylistycznej. Niekiedy jednak skrupulatna weryfikacja dotych- czasowego przekładu ujawniła konieczność dokonania poważniejszych merytorycznych modyfikacji. Jedną z racji inspirujących nowy przekład było pragnienie dostosowania języka Kodeksu prawa kanonicznego do polskiego języka prawnego i prawniczego.
Access to Disclosure of Disasters Information for Deaf People through Sign Language Interpreter
Authors: Fauziyah Siti , Jannah Lina Miftahul
Published: July 2022

There are plenty of information or news regarding natural disasters being inaccessible for Deaf people, and this stems from lack of Sign Language Interpreters. Urgency Sign Language Interpreters have an important role in bridging communication between society and the entire Deaf population, Sign Language Interpreters can also help people with Deafness in accessing information comprehensively on the aforementioned subject (natural disasters). Mostly, Deaf people communicate through sign language in their everyday lives, although Deaf people are still experiencing exclusion in discerning the newest and developing information on the current state of world affairs. This study aimed to elaborate situations faced by Deaf people in accessing information on natural disasters around them, their needs on accessing said information, and also urgency as well as obstacles faced in providing Sign Language Interpreters. This research will use qualitative approach by means of document/literature study to gather data from various international as well as national articles in general.
The Management Gaps toward Inclusive Education Implementation at Higher Education in Indonesia
Authors: Riswari Fina , Puspitasari Fiolina Hana , Yuniarti Neny , Iswahyudi Silvana Rahma , Sunandar Asep , Ediyanto Ediyanto , Junaidi Ahsan Romadlon
Published: July 2022

The commitment to implementing inclusive education in Indonesia is already at the higher education level. However, in reality, disabled people still have difficulty obtaining opportunities to study in university. Concerning the gap in inclusive education (commitment and implementation), this article aims to examine the inclusive education management performance at universities in Indonesia. This review is critical because only 401 disabled people in Indonesia are registered as students at various universities in Indonesia. The articles in the current study go through three stages of narrative review: determining the scope of the research focus, determining the urgency and novelty of the research, and determining the research formulation and objectives. A study of 14 articles through the Google Scholar database was published in 2000-2021. The study results show that most universities in Indonesia are still not open to inclusive education and the admission of students with disabilities implementation. In addition, universities in Indonesia are not ready to provide management and facilities that support the learning process and the accessibility of the campus environment to suit the needs of students with disabilities. Human resources in higher education such as lecturers and education staff are not ready to provide services and modify learning for disabled students.
Het driedelige oeuvre van Jules De Bruycker.
Authors: Van Driessche Wim
Published: July 2022

Het werk van beeldend kunstenaar Jules De Bruycker (Gent 1870-1945) kan in drie perioden ingedeeld worden: de jaren voor de Eerste Wereld oorlog, de oorlogsjaren zelf en het Interbellum. Deze belichting van de artistieke inhoud van de drie fasen is een passende manier om de geboorte van Jules De Bruycker 150 jaar geleden te herdenken.
Gentse straatnamen officieel vastgelegd.
Authors: Vandenbroucke Joris
Published: July 2022

In ‘De Rooigemgalm’ verscheen in de jaren 1960 een reeks artikeltjes over het verleden van de Brugsepoortwijk. We zien hoe de naamgeving van plaatsen, straten en pleinen evolueerde van spontaan gegroeid naar planmatig en artificieel. Dat laatste gebeurde noodgedwongen nadat bevolking en bewoning explosief waren beginnen uitbreiden in de negentiende eeuw. Dat verliep niet zonder moeilijkheden. Vooral het revolutionaire Franse bewind sprong nogal creatief om met nieuwe Franse benamingen. Die werden later terug in het Nederlands vertaald met soms hilarisch resultaat.
Herinneringen van een tienjarige aan het Gentse Coliseum: rolschaatsen en catch.
Authors: Tombeur Franklin
Published: July 2022

De ijzeren rolschaatsen van zo’n zestig jaar geleden waren niet of nauwelijks bruikbaar op de kasseistraten van toen. Gelukkig was er de effen piste van het Coliseum aan de Kuiperskaai. Dezelfde zaal werd op sommige avonden ook gebruikt voor catchwedstrijden. Het spel werd ‘opgevoerd’ door worstelaars met de meest fantastische ‘artiestennamen’ en begeleid door commentatoren met goed ontwikkelde zin voor overdrijving.
An evaluation of the Petty Officer Training program of the Republic of Indonesia police using the Kirkpatrick model
Authors: Simangunsong Junus , Purnomo Langgeng
Published: July 2022

This study aims to evaluate the Petty Officer Training Program Noken to determine the program's success based on predetermined character values. The program evaluation uses Kirkpatrick's evaluation model with four levels: reaction, learning, behavior, and result. The data were obtained using a questionnaire, observations, interviews, and documentation and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive techniques. Before the questionnaire and observation sheets were used, their readability was tested to the Super Team for the National Identity formed by the Republic of Indonesia Police Headquarters and experts in psychology and educational evaluation. The results of the instrument readability test showed excellent results, with a score of 4.8 on a scale of 1-5. However, some revisions were needed, especially for the instruments for policymakers and management. The results of the evaluation of the two groups show that for the assessment at level 1: reaction, the participants' reaction to the organizing committee and resource persons is very high, and there is just a need to pay attention to the availability of facilities. At level 2: learning, the achievement of key competencies is very significant in its assessment. At level 3: behavior, there are behavioral changes including diligence in doing worship, discipline in attending classes, neat and clean clothes, working in groups, communicating well, and accuracy and speed in completing daily tasks. At level 4: result, the level of achievement of character values is very significant. The effect of conditioning and the teaching of materials contributes very significantly to applying national identity in everyday life.
Strategies to inculcate moral values in Islamic Elementary School
Authors: Nurhayati Riana
Published: July 2022

This study aims to explore the integration of moral values into learning activities, management, and student guidance activities. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach. The data were collected through three techniques, namely in-depth interviews, participant observations, and a document study. The research respondents were principals, teachers, and students until the data was saturated. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. For data analysis, Miles and Huberman’s method of interactive qualitative analysis was used, which consists of data condensation, data display, and conclusion/verifying. The data trustworthiness was enhanced through conti-nuous observations and resource and technique triangulations. The results of the study show that the strategy of inculcating moral values at Islamic elementary school can have a positive impact on the moral values of its students. Moral values can be integrated into learning activities through the strategies of reward and punishment, storytelling, spontaneous or direct activities, the setting of good examples and habits, and readings from the Al Qur’an. Moral values can be integrated into management through the strategies of Al Qur’an recitation, tahfidh or the memorization of the short surah, alma’surat, collective dhuhur (noon) and Friday prayers, and organized lunches with dhuha prayers. Moral values may be integrated into student guidance activities on market days, through scouting and other outbound activities, and through mabit, muhayyam, and gardening.