bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHYLOGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ANALYSIS OF THE ANTIGENIC EPITOPES OF RUSSIAN ROTAVIRUSES IN A COMPARATIVE ASPECT WITH VACCINE STRAINS
Authors: Sashina Tatiana A. , Morozova Olga , Vekikzhanina Elena I. , Epifanova Natalia V. , Novikova Nadezhda A.
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Accumulation of mutations in the amino acid sequence of immunologically significant regions of the outer capsid proteins in locally circulating rotaviruses may reduce the effectiveness of vaccine-generated protection.
The aim of the work was to comparatively analyze Russian rotaviruses and strains of the Indian pentavalent vaccine approved for use in the Russian Federation in 2020.
Methods. There were used 38 rotavirus-positive samples derived from children with acute intestinal infection identified in 2022-2023. cDNA fragments of the VP7 gene 877 bp long were sequenced by two strands using Nanofor 05 device. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using BEAST software package. The final sample included 161 VP7 gene sequences of RVA isolates from three Russian cities (Nizhny Novgorod, Moscow, Novosibirsk), other countries, and vaccine strains. Results. Based on the results of phylogenetic analysis, Russian rotaviruses were found to belong to 13 lineages and/or sublineages (G1-I-A, G1-II-C, G2-IVa-1, G2-IV-3, G3-I, G3-3-а, G3-3-е, G4-I-с, G6-I, G8-IV, G9-III-d, G9-VI-е, G12-III). Vaccine strains (D, WI79-9, A41CB052A, DS-1, SC2-9, P, WI78-8, ST3, BrB-9, WI79-4, AU-32, 116E) were grouped separately in each case (G1-III, G1-II-A, G2-I, G2-II, G3-3-d, G4-I-а, G6-IV, G9-I, G9-II). Comparative analysis in the regions of antigenic epitopes targeted by neutralizing antibodies showed 3 to 6 amino acid differences between Russian and homotypic vaccine strains. The highest number was observed in isolates of sublineages G1-I-A, G2-IVa-1 and lineage G3-I. In the regions of T-cell epitopes, 1 to 4 substitutions were found. The greatest number of differences had rotaviruses of the G3-I lineage and the G4-I-c sublineage.
Conclusions. For the G3P[8] variant of the G3-I lineage, which is widespread in Russia, 6 substitutions in neutralizing epitopes and 4 substitutions in T-cell epitopes were found in comparison with homotypic vaccine strains. The study results are important for understanding a potential impact of vaccines on the antigenic structure of the rotavirus population in Russia.
Distal radial access as an alternative to conventional radial access in coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Korotkikh A. V. , Babunashvili A. M. , Kaledin A. L. , Akhramovich R. V. , Derkach V. V. , Portnov R. M. , Kartashov D. S.
Published: January 2025

Aim. To evaluate immediate and medium-term (3 months) results of safety and effectiveness of distal versus proximal radial access for coronary interventions.

Material and methods. An analysis of 776 patients of the prospective randomized TENDERA trial was performed: distal radial access (DRA) group — 1391 patients; proximal radial access (PRA) group — 385 patients. After excluding patients with failed primary access, the primary sample sizes decreased (DRA — 371, PRA — 382). Access-site crossover rate was statistically higher in the DRA group (5,1% and 0,8%, p<0,001). The primary endpoint was immediate (inhospital) or long-term radial artery (RA) thrombosis/occlusion. There were following secondary endpoints: 1 — composite endpoint including complications from the access artery; 2 — access parameters.

Results. Significant differences were obtained for the primary endpoint: DRA 2,7% (n=10), PRA 6,8% (n=26), p=0,008. Distal RA occlusion with patent RA: DRA: 1,3% (n=5), PRA: 0 (n=0), p=0,023. The secondary composite point showed significant differences in the following groups of complications: BARC type I bleeding (DRA: 3,8% (n=14), PRA: 21,7% (n=83), p<0,001); hematoma >5 cm on day 1 (DRA: 10% (n=37), PRA: 25,9% (n=98), p<0,001); hematoma >5 cm on day 7 (DRA: 12,4% (n=45), PRA: 34,6% (n=132), p<0,001). The following access parameters showed significant differences: distal RA puncture time — 19,0 (8,0; 50), proximal RA puncture time — 13,5 (5,0; 29), p<0,001; introducer insertion by DRA 42,0 (26,0; 84,0), PRA 35,0 (23,0; 55,0), p<0,001; duration of access artery hemostasis (min): DRA 180,0 (120,0; 480,0), PRA 155,0 (115,0; 195,0), p<0,001. Duration of the procedure and fluoroscopy, radiation dose, and RA spasm in both groups did not have significant differences.

Conclusion. In the TENDERA study, DRA demonstrated efficacy and safety in interventional coronary procedures compared to PRA in the mid-term follow-up period — significantly lower incidence of RA occlusions and local complications.
Prognostic significance of the novel START arterial stiffness index in patients with coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Sumin A. N. , Shcheglova A. V. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: January 2025

Aim. To study the long-term prognostic value of the novel START vascular stiffness index in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Material and methods. The study included 256 patients with CAD who underwent CABG at the Kemerovo Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. Before surgery, vascular stiffness was assessed using the haSTART cardio-ankle index. The mean follow-up period was 9,7±0,9 years. Two following study groups were formed: Group I — haSTART < the median (Me) index of 8,4 (haSTART <Me (n=118)); group II — haSTART ≥ the median (haSTART ≥Me, n=138). The prognostic value of haSTART was studied in relation to the following composite end point (CEP): death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or stroke.

Results. Patients in the haSTART ≥Me group were significantly older than in the haSTART <Me group (p<0,001). In both groups, men predominated (76,2%). During the follow-up period, all-cause death was significantly more common in the haSTART ≥Me group (34,1%) than in the haSTART <Me group (19,5%), p=0,009. Cardiovascular death was also more common in the haSTART ≥Me group than in the haSTART <Me group (23,2% vs 8,5%, p=0,001). In patients with haSTART ≥Ме, CEP was observed in 45,7% of cases, compared to patients with haSTART <Ме (30,5%), p=0,013. Among patients with fatal outcome, the prevalence of patients with haSTART ≥Ме values was higher than in the group of survivors (67,1% and 48,9%, p=0,009). Among patients with CEP — the detection rate of haSTART ≥Ме was 63,6%, which was significantly higher than in the group of survivors without cardiovascular events (47,8%, p=0,013). Kaplan-Meier curves revealed a better long-term prognosis in the haSTART 0,05).

Conclusion. Evaluation of the haSTART stiffness index before CABG surgery may have prognostic value in the long-term follow-up period in patients with CAD.
Features of the atherosclerotic plaque microbiome in patients after carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Kolesova E. P. , Chernyavsky M. A. , Vanyurkin A. G. , Verkhovskaya E. V. , Zaykova E. K. , Kalinina O. V. , Sitkin S. I. , Maslyansky A. L. , Kvan V. V. , Vasilyeva E. Yu. , Yakovlev A. N. , Babenko A. Yu. , Konradi A. O. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: January 2025

Aim. To study the microbiome of atherosclerotic plaque biopsies in patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

Material and methods. In this study, the microbiota profile of 76 atherosclerotic plaque samples obtained during CEA was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA V4 region. The proportion of patients without restenosis included in the study was 20%. The median follow-up of patients was 1,9 years (range, 1,4-2,25).

Results. Taxonomic analysis revealed that the plaque microbiome is characterized by a wide diversity of gram-negative bacteria, including bacteria that are widespread in the environment. Bacteria most represented in plaques belong to four following families: Caulobacteraceae, Rhizobiaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae and Weeksellaceae. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) revealed a significantly higher representation of the microbial marker OTU_21, belonging to the Sphingomonadaceae family, in the atherosclerotic plaque microbiome of patients with ≥50% restenosis and Cloacibacterium (OTU_67), belonging to the Weeksellaceae family, in patients with >70% restenosis.

Conclusion. The obtained data emphasize the importance of studying the atherosclerotic plaque microbiome and suggest that microorganisms of various origins, including those that have not previously been considered as risk factors, can play a pathogenetic role in both atherogenesis and restenosis.
Evaluation of lipoprotein(a) — a novel cardiovascular risk factor in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases receiving PCSK9-targeted therapy in Russian real-world practice
Authors: Sapina A. I. , Varlamova Yu. Yu. , Papyrina M. G. , Bezymyannyy A. S. , Kordzaya E. L. , Vasilyeva E. Yu.
Published: January 2025

Aim. To evaluate the effect of PCSK9-targeted therapy on lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases who have not achieved the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level (statins at maximum tolerated doses and/or ezetimibe).

Material and methods. The study involved 3 Moscow medical facilities of the state healthcare system. The study included 50 people who received inclisiran therapy, 30 people — PCSK9 inhibitors (alirocumab, n=1; evolocumab, n=29). This analysis presents the results of Lp(a) level changes over 12-month inclisiran therapy. Lp(a) was determined by turbidimetry. Elevated Lp(a) level was defined as ≥50 mg/dL (125 nmol/L).

Results. Normal Lp(a) levels were determined in 16 subjects (34,8%), moderate — in 9 subjects (19,6%), high — in 21 subjects (45,7%), and extremely high (>180 mg/dL) — in 8 subjects (17,4%). Inclisiran therapy was associated with a significant (p<0,001) decrease in both LDL-C and Lp(a) levels by 52% and 54,7%, respectively. During therapy, normal Lp(a) levels remained within baseline values. In almost half of the cases with moderate Lp(a) values, its concentration decreased to normal values, and in cases with elevated Lp(a), its level decreased in 9 out of 10 patients. The proportion of patients in the group with Lp(a) levels <30 mg/dl increased from 35% to 41%. No patient had extreme values by the end of the study.

Conclusion. Lp(a) assessment may be appropriate with ongoing PSCK9-targeted therapy. Diagnosis of hyper-Lp(a) is important for early intensive combination lipid-lowering therapy and modification of risk factors in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Looking for an optimal antihypertensive combination. Focus on azilsartan medoxomil/chlorthalidone
Authors: Smirnova M. D. , Fofanova T. V. , Ageyev F. T.
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes data from clinical studies on the efficacy and safety of azilsartan medoxomil/chlorthalidone combination and its components. According to the analyzed sources, both individual components and their combination have proven their efficacy and safety in patients with hypertension, including those with comorbid pathology. Azilsartan medoxomil demonstrated greater efficacy with comparable safety in terms of lowering blood pressure, both office and ambulatory, compared to candesartan, valsartan, olmesartan. Chlorthalidone showed greater hypotensive efficacy compared to hydrochlorothiazide and proved its protective effect in cardiovascular risk reduction. The combination of azilsartan medoxomil/chlorthalidone, in turn, has proven its safety and greater hypotensive efficacy compared to both the combination of olmesartan medoxomil/hydrochlorothiazide and azilsartan medoxomil/hydrochlorothiazide.
Construction of All Solid State Bi2MoO6/Bi2WO6@Ti3C2 MXene Heterostructure System and the Mechanism Study of the Z-scheme Photocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Dongfang , Liu Junkun , Liu Qiang , Wang Jiaxun , Qu Yang
Published: January 2025

In this work, all solid-state Z-scheme Bi2MoO6/Bi2WO6@Ti3C2 MXene photocatalytic system was synthesized by a facile solvothermal method. For comparison, pure Bi2MoO6, Bi2WO6 and Bi2MoO6/Bi2WO6 samples were also synthesized. The structure and properties of the as-prepared catalytic materials were analyzed by X‑ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), ultraviolet‑visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy (UV‑Vis DRS), fluorescence spectroscopy (PL), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 adsorption–desorption measurements and photoelectrochemical tests, which were performed to analyze the phase composition, microstructure, morphology, optical properties, and recombination rate of photogenerated charge of the as-prepared samples. Crystal violet (CV)and p-nitrophenol (4-NP) were used as pollutants to simulate wastewater, and the photocatalytic degradation activity of the catalyst samples was evaluated under visible light. After irradiation for 80 min, the as-made Bi2MoO6 /Bi2WO6@Ti3C2 MXene has the best photocatalytic performance, and the degradation rate constant was 3~4 folds higher than that of pure Bi2MoO6 or Bi2WO6. Based on all the experimental characterizations, the corresponding Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism of the Bi2MoO6 /Bi2WO6@Ti3C2 MXene system was further studied. The results showed that when introducing 2D Ti3C2 MXene, the light absorption range of the Bi2MoO6/ Bi2WO6 heterojunctions were significantly enhanced, and the separation of photogenerated charges were also improved.
Simplified DEM approach for complex reef limestone structures and pore characteristics
Authors: Chen C. , Li S-S.
Published: January 2025

Accurately replicating the structural characteristics of reef limestone is crucial for obtaining quantitatively reliable results using the discrete element method (DEM). However, limited studies have focused on numerical simulations of reef limestone porosity, and those available often fail to capture the detailed pore structure. This paper presents a method to generate a honeycomb-like DEM model of reef limestone by assembling unit cells that mimic the material’s unique structure. The proposed approach effectively reproduces the radially oriented pore features of reef limestone while optimizing resolution and minimizing the number of spheres required. This model validation using the Brazilian splitting test simulation demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed model. Future work will apply this method to various reef limestone samples, offering a comprehensive microscale perspective on mechanical properties.
Hamartiología: Desafíos contemporáneos
Authors: Rojas Benjamín
Published: January 2025

“Hamartiología: Desafíos contemporáneos”— Así como la existencia del pecado es el problema más grande que afronta la humanidad, así la comprensión de este es el principal obstáculo para alcanzar un consenso referente a la hamartiología. Por esta razón, la presente investigación hace un breve recorrido por los desafíos contemporáneos que afronta la cristiandad y el adventismo en su labor de definir el pecado. En primer lugar, presenta la relación del pecado con el cuerpo y con la mente y desarrolla cada una de estas posturas. Posteriormente, habla de la influencia de este campo en el adventismo y de la injerencia de Ellen G. White en su comprensión. El autor concluye envalentonando a la erudición adventista a perseverar en su trabajo y a revisar el rol de Ellen G. White en la formulación de una hamartiología.
La Teología de la Última Generación y la doctrina de Dios
Authors: Ocupa Jairo
Published: January 2025

“La Teología de la Última Generación y la doctrina de Dios”— El presente estudio aborda una problemática contemporánea en el adventismo, relacionada con el modelo de Dios y las posturas a favor y en contra de la Teología de Última Generación (TUG). En la primera parte, se expondrán los presupuestos metafísicos que respaldan a los que están a favor y en contra de la TUG, tomando como referencia a sus expositores influyentes. En la segunda parte, se expondrá los modelos teístas en el ámbito cristiano, para identificar la corriente teísta a la cual se acercan tanto los partidarios como los detractores de la TUG. En la última parte, se realizarán observaciones pertinentes sobre las implicancias y desafíos presentes en los pro y anti-TUG.
AQUEOUS EXTRACTS FROM KAMCHATKA BROWN SEAWEEDS AS STIMULATORS OF PHAGOCYTIC FUNCTION OF NEUTROPHILS IN VITRO
Authors:   Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Geographyсal Institute of FEB RAS, Klochkova N.G. ,   Vitus Bering Kamchatka State University, Perervenko O.V. ,   Federal State Institution “1477 Naval Clinical Hospital”, Branch № 2
Published: January 2025

The data on quantitative content of different groups of substances, including organic and water-soluble, and minerals from Kamchatka brown seaweeds Alaria esculenta, Hedophyllum bongardianum and Fucus distichus are discussed, as well as the information on the content of alginic acids, fucoidan, mannitol, iodine, nitrogenous and mineral substances. The possibility of using the aqueous extracts from these seaweeds as immunostimulants of non-specific resistance of neutrophils was experimentally proven. For in vitro experiments, we used venous blood of 35 young men, adding the aliquoted samples of daily bacterium culture to it (strain VKPM B-8172 Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923), and then solutions of seaweed extracts after 30 min. We estimated phagocytosis using generally accepted indices: phagocytic activity of neutrophils, phagocytic number, absolute phagocytic index and sum of phagocytosis. Our experimental data showed that low-concentrations of seaweed extracts actively primed neutrophils when diluted to 0.5 and especially to 1 and 2%. At these concentrations, the above indices increased by 50–80%. The highest immunomodulatory activity was demonstrated by A. esculenta extract and the lowest by F. distichus extract.
SMARCA4 deficiency in small cell lung cancer: A case report and narrative review of the literature
Authors: Matthaiou Andreas M. , Tomos Ioannis , Bizymi Nikoleta , Vamvakaris Ioannis , Anagnostopoulos Nektarios , Papadopoulou Aikaterini , Angelou Kalliopi , Stratakos Grigoris , Liapikou Adamantia
Published: January 2025

SWItch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) is a large protein complex with a central role in chromatin remodeling and genome transcription. The catalytic subunits of the SWI/SNF related BAF chromatin remodeling complex subunit ATPase 2 (SWI/SNF SMARCA2; also called BRM) and SWI/SNF related BAF chromatin remodeling complex subunit ATPase 4 (SMARCA4; also called BRG1) are encoded by the SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 genes, respectively, and are mutually exclusive. Loss of either SMARCA2 and/or SMARCA4 has been previously reported in several types of malignant solid tumors of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract. So far, their absence in non-small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been observed in a series of studies involving primary tumors and cell lines, where it is associated with loss of differentiation and heightened tumorigenic potential leading to an unfavorable prognosis. SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 deficiency is frequent in solid predominant adenocarcinomas and tumors with low levels of bronchial epithelial markers, including thyroid transcription factor 1. A rare case of SMARCA4 deficiency in SCLC is described. A 57-year-old male patient, with no medical history of past illness, was admitted to our center for the investigation and management of a space-occupying lesion in the right upper lung lobe with tracheal and mediastinal infiltration. Biopsy of a lymph node in the right supraclavicular region was diagnostic for SCLC with regional loss of SMARCA4. The patient demonstrated progressive respiratory failure and clinical deterioration and eventually deceased despite intubation and transfer to the intensive care unit. This case indicates that SMARCA4-deficient SCLC may present with an aggressively deteriorating phenotype with poor outcomes for the patients.
Корейский язык: Базовый курс. 2-е изд.
Authors: Хохлова Елена , Ю Чжо Ен , Бакланова Мария
Published: January 2025

В учебном пособии в доступной форме изложен материал по фонетике, грамматике и лексике корейского языка, представлено множество иллюстративно-страноведческих материалов, примеров и упражнений. Цель пособия — формирование коммуникативной компетенции учащихся в основных видах речевой деятельности. Базовый курс составлен так, что учащиеся могут быть активными участниками процесса овладения корейским языком, осознавать предлагаемый языковой материал, вырабатывать собственные ориентиры для использования этого материала в речевой деятельности. Упражнения и задания позволяют одновременно развивать все нужные навыки — чтение, письмо, говорение и аудирование.
Издание предназначено для студентов нефилологических специальностей 1-го курса НИУ ВШЭ, а также для начинающих изучать корейский язык в учебных заведениях различного типа.
К учебному пособию прилагаются аудиоматериалы, ссылка на которые дана в книге.
The People and the Fire Tree: Co-Designing a Bushfire Early Warning System to Meet the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Munoz Rivas Axel , Davis Hilary , Pedell Sonja
Published: January 2025

Australian rural communities face significant climate challenges including catastrophic bushfires. In line with the UN sustainable development goals (SDGs), to build resilience in the face of bushfire threats, communities need to increase adaptive capacity while maintaining the community’s integrity. To build community resilience, they should harness the hybridity between digital technology and non-technological practices. Building community resilience is gaining attention in rural human–computer interaction to ensure those who are vulnerable to disasters strengthen their ability to address adversity even in the absence of formal government assistance. How they apply digital technology into practice to ensure it meets their needs is crucial. We outline a case study of a rural Australian bushfire-impacted community. A series of co-design workshops was conducted to understand local bushfire preparation activities and the role of digital technologies in these activities. Three creative participatory design activities supported the co-design of an early-warning bushfire system. The workshop participants co-designed and merged two solutions: first The Fire Tree, a conceptual map of a preventative information system fed and validated by the community itself; second, The People System identifies and harnesses government resources to feed and generate a rich, dynamic, and constantly updated information environment. The final solution based on the two concepts is Bushwire, a communication facilitator designed and used by participants in workshops four and five. Bushwire is a co-designed web-based collective platform that leverages citizen-science behaviours, enabling them to share local knowledge and prepare for bushfire threats. The system became a communication facilitator, a space to share detailed local information and connect; fed by locally produced elements including digital technologies, weather/road conditions, and on-the-ground instructions. This case study explores how Bushwire responds to a range of UN SDGs by seeking to build sustainable communities (SDG11), to address climate action (SDG13) for this rural Australian bush-fire-prone community, and harmonises life on land (SDG15) through multi-stakeholder partnerships (SDG17). We envisage that urban planners may derive value from listening and responding to messages from nature, and from citizen-scientists embedded in rural communities as depicted in this case study.
Molecular profile of salivary gland tumors: discovering new targets for therapy
Authors: Ignatova A. V. , Alymov Yu.  V. , Romanov I.  S.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Due to variety of morphological subtypes and poor clinical response, comprehensive molecular profiling for salivary gland cancers become a part of treatment strategy for chemotherapy-resistant cases. Tumors of the salivary glands include more than 20 histological types distinguished by their biological characteristics, response to therapy, and prognosis. The search for specific therapeutically significant markers and mutations for various histological types of salivary gland tumors may allow the development of a diagnostic algorithm and improve patient treatment results.

Aim. To search for therapeutically significant molecular and genetic targets and immunohistochemical markers in various histological types of malignant salivary gland tumors.

Materials and methods. We analyzed data on 280 patients with unresectable recurrent and metastatic salivary gland cancer to identify the main characteristic therapeutically significant immunohistochemical (androgen receptor (AR), epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2neu), epidermal growth factor receptor (EgfR), programmed cell death receptor 1 (pD-L1) (CpS), сD117, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (pR), pan-TRk) and molecular genetic targets (ALK, BRAF, ERBB2, KIT, MET, RET, ROS1, SMO, AR, HRAS, PIK3CA, PDGFRA, NTRK1-3) depending on the histological subtype of the tumor.

Results. Based on the results obtained, in comparison with previous studies, a greater diversity of therapeutically significant mutations, fusions and immunohistochemical markers was revealed for various histological types of tumors. Interestingly, increased expression of AR was detected not only in salivary duct carcinoma, but also in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified, myoepithelial, mucoepidermoid, adenoid cystic, acinic cell, polymorphous adenocarcinomas. ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusions in addition to secretory carcinoma were detected in mucoepidermoid and salivary duct carcinomas. mutations and fusions in the RET gene have been identified in ductal and mucoepidermoid carcinomas, as well as adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified.

Conclusion. The results of the study allow to expand the group of patients for molecular genetic and IHC testing in order to individualize therapy.
Laryngeal chondrosarcoma (clinical case)
Authors: Trubin D. V. , Kretova K. A. , Morozov D. V. , Shevchenko S. P.
Published: January 2025

Laryngeal chondrosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor that originates from cartilage tissue. The incidence of this pathology varies from 1 to 12 %. Only isolated clinical cases of laryngeal chondrosarcoma and observations of small groups of patients with this disease are described  since statistical data on such rare types of tumors are often unavailable. Survival in this pathology may vary depending on various factors  such as the stage of the disease  the size of the tumor  the presence of metastases  the general condition of the patient and the effectiveness of treatment. Since laryngeal chondrosarcoma is a rare disease  there is relatively little scientific data on prognosis and survival. The article presents a clinical case of diagnosis of treatment and primary chondrosarcoma of the larynx.
Revolutionizing rheumatic heart disease prevention: the potential of high-dose subcutaneous benzathine penicillin G: a narrative review
Authors: Zafar Mahtab , Ali Vaneesa , Asif Aysha , Shakir Shanza , Bari Farina , Shakeel Hira , Amir Suhaina , Umar Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a severe, chronic condition arising from acute rheumatic fever (ARF), a complication of untreated group A - Streptococcus infections. RHD results in progressive damage to the heart valves, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. While RHD has declined in high-income countries due to effective prophylaxis, it remains a major health issue in developing regions. Approximately 15 million people worldwide are affected by RHD, impacting quality of life and healthcare systems. This narrative review evaluates the efficacy and safety of high-dose subcutaneous benzathine penicillin G (BPG) injections as a preventive strategy for RHD. Traditionally administered intramuscularly, the review explores the subcutaneous route’s benefits. Subcutaneous BPG is effective in preventing ARF recurrences and managing RHD progression. It maintains therapeutic penicillin levels over extended periods, potentially reducing injection frequency. This method is associated with less pain and improved patient adherence compared to intramuscular injections. However, subcutaneous BPG administration has challenges. Adverse effects, such as allergic reactions and anaphylaxis, though infrequent, require careful management. Consistent drug supply is also essential. Future research should explore innovative delivery methods, such as implantable devices or transdermal systems, to further improve patient outcomes. In conclusion, high-dose subcutaneous BPG injections offer a promising option for RHD prophylaxis, combining efficacy with a favorable safety profile. Addressing administration and side effect challenges is crucial for optimizing treatment effectiveness.
An approach to solid modeling of geometric objects in point calculus
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNSAGU), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Konopatskiy E.V. , Rotkov S.I. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNSAGU), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Lagunova M.V. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNSAGU), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Bezsolnov M.V. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNSAGU), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Published: January 2025

The development of computer-aided design systems involves a combination of fundamental and applied research. The conceptual foundation of the mathematical framework for such systems lies in the notion of a complete geometric body—a geometric set of points where the number of active parameters matches the dimensionality of the space, with the geometric body represented as a distinct part of that space. The analytical representation of these point sets is achieved through the mathematical apparatus of point calculus, which can be generalized to multidimensional spaces. The article compares this proposed approach to solid modeling of geometric objects with existing methods. Examples demonstrating the modeling of geometric bodies using the new approach are provided. The advantages of this ap-proach are emphasized, including the compactness of the analytical description, the elimination of transformation ma-trices, the facilitation of parallel computations within the mathematical framework, and more. Additionally, the article explores the capabilities of modeling geometric bodies in point calculus, such as the representation of isotropic and ani-sotropic bodies as solid geometric objects with a functionally controlled linear or nonlinear spatial structure.
Comparative assessment of approaches to training bachelor's stu-dents in aircraft engine design
Authors:   Samara University (Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev), Samara, Russia, Gvozdev A.S. , Melentjev V.S. ,   Samara University (Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev), Samara, Russia, Leykovskyy I.F. ,   Samara University (Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev), Samara, Russia
Published: January 2025

The paper presents preliminary results of a comparative assessment of two modern approaches to bachelor's degree training: traditional classroom methods and training with immersive technologies, evaluated by the criterion of knowledge acquisition efficiency in the field of 24.03.05 Aircraft Engines. The platform "Virtual pavilion for studying of aircraft engines design" was used as an immersive educational environment. It is a set of interconnected educational spaces: a virtual hangar, a training laboratory, an engine design class and a workshop-simulator. The platform is equipped with tools for interacting with objects during practical tasks, IT databases aintegrated into the environment with information about the studied engines, and their interactive models as digital replicas of engines displayed in the Center for the History of Aircraft Engines at Samara University. An attempt was made to assess the quality of students' learning in the discipline "Introduction to the Specialty" using testing methods. The analysis results suggest that employ-ing immersive technologies in studying complex technical objects can reduce reliance on traditional methods such as drawings, diagrams, cutaway models, and full-scale samples. Instead, virtual simulators, laboratories, libraries, and other tools, including those supporting distance learning, can be increasingly utilized.
The Effectiveness of Quality of Life Therapy on Psychological Well-Being and Social Adjustment in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Khalilnejad Nahid , Asgari Parviz , Ahmadian Hamzeh , Shahrbabaki Heydar Eslami
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of quality of life therapy (QoLT) on the psychological well-being and social adjustment of breast cancer patients.
Methods:This study was a semi-experimental intervention with a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up in two groups: experimental and control. The study population consisted of all breast cancer patients who were present at Shohadaye Kargar Hospital in Yazd from September to February 2024. From this population, 31 patients were selected through purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (N=15) and control (N=16). The data collection tools included a demographic form, the Ryff’s scale of psychological well-being- Short Form (RSPWB-18), and the Social Adjustment Scale (SAS). The data were also analyzed using SPSS-21 software and Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results:The results indicated that QoLT significantly increased psychological well-being (F=115/70) and social adjustment (F=45/78) in breast cancer patients (P<0/001). Additionally, the effect size of this therapy was high, with 80% for psychological well-being and 61% for social adjustment, and its effects persisted for up to two months after the treatment.
Conclusion:The QoLT has a positive impact on improving the psychological well-being and social adjustment of breast cancer patients. Therefore, it is recommended that alongside routine treatment, QoLT should be utilized to enhance the psychosocial health of breast cancer patients.
The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Negative Emotions and Cognitive Regulation of Emotions in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Fakhrmand Atefeh , Mehrinejad Seyyed Abolghasem , Khosravi Zohre , Kamali Hoda
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system. Patients with MS suffer from problems such as negative emotions and poor emotion regulation. The present study investigated the effectiveness of mindfulness integrated cognitive behavioral therapy (MICBT) on negative emotions and emotion regulation in patients with MS.
Methods: This research was a semi-experimental study using a pre-test-post-test with a control group. A total of 52 patients with MS referring to Shafa Hospital in Kerman city, were selected by the convenience sampling method in 2023 and were randomly divided into two experimental (26 people) and control (26 people) groups. Patients completed the questionnaire of depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 items (DASS-21) and cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire of Garnefski in the pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed in the descriptive section using independent t-test and chi-square tests, and in the inferential section using multivariate analysis of covariance, using SPSS-24 software.
Results: The results of covariance analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the groups in depression, stress, anxiety, positive and negative emotional strategies in the post-test (P< 0/001). Comparison of mean values showed that in the MICBT group, depression (14/46), stress (16/85) and anxiety (11/38) and negative emotion regulation strategies (M=35/38) decreased, while positive emotion regulation strategies (M=75/35) increased significantly.
Conclusion: MICBT is suggested as an effective method in reducing depression, stress, anxiety and improving cognitive regulation of emotions in patients with MS.
ISLAMIC UNDERSTANDING AND PRACTICES AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS IN KALIMANTAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR DERADICALIZATION
Authors: Hasanah Noor , Andini Yokke
Published: January 2025

Radicalization in Indonesian higher education has raised significant concerns, with studies highlighting the potential vulnerability of students, particularly in science disciplines. This research examines the factors influencing radicalization among science students in Kalimantan, focusing on their understanding and practice of Islam. Data were collected through surveys and interviews at five universities in Kalimantan, including both public and Islamic institutions, with participants actively engaged in Islamic activities. The study finds that while science students exhibit curiosity about Islam, their limited access to reliable religious literature often leads them to seek information from digital content, requiring strong content-filtering skills. The research also reveals that students are interested in Islamic teachings that promote good character and enhance worship. Their views on religious diversity and tolerance have become more inclusive, though some students still hold rigid interpretations of Islam. The findings suggest that effective Islamic Education courses should align with students’ interests and contemporary issues while fostering a moderate understanding of Islam. The implications for deradicalization include designing curricula that promote critical thinking, tolerance, and national values, alongside mentorship from moderate academics to counteract extremist ideologies. This approach contributes to creating a balanced, inclusive educational environment that resists radicalization.
Impact of Kharif Pulses in North East India: Yield Gap and Economic Analysis
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Devi M. Thoithoi , Boruah Munmi , Kumar Bagish , Govindasamy Kadirvel , Baruah Apurba , Ray Sudeshna
Published: January 2025

Background: The study was carried out to assess the performance of cluster frontline demonstrations (CFLDs) in terms of yield gap and economic analysis of black gram (var. PU-31, SBC-40, IPU- 02-43, SKPD-3) and green gram (Pratap, SGC-20, SGC-16, Samrat) in three states of North East i.e. Arunachal Pradesh, Assam and Sikkim during 2016-2021 in kharif season. Methods: Krishi Vigyan Kendras of these three states conducted 4038, 2011 demonstrations covering 1460 ha, 630 ha area in black gram and green gram, respectively during 2016-2021 through improved production technology. Out of the total 6049 farmers randomly 2350 farmers were selected for testing their knowledge level and extent of adoption of improved practices by means of a well-structured scheduled. Result: The findings unveiled that in all the three states, average grain yield in demonstration fields were higher than farmer’s practice. Black gram recorded highest demonstration yield (9.83 q/ha) in Sikkim followed by green gram (8.87 q/ha) in Arunachal Pradesh as compared to farmers’ practices (6.64 q/ha) and (5.64 q/ha), respectively. However, Sikkim recorded highest net return of Rs. 86,644/ha in green gram and Rs. 32,328/ha in black gram. It was also observed that majority of farmers from Sikkim adopted most of the improved technologies with 62.33% followed by Assam (53.55%) and Arunachal Pradesh (50.00%) which is highly encouraging.
Field Evolved Insecticide Resistance in Legume Pod Borer, Maruca vitrata F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Vijayakumari N. , Shanthi M. , Anusha Nitta , Murugan M. , Paripoorani S. , Varanavasiappan S. , Jayakanthan M. , Gracy R. Gandhi , Mohan M.
Published: January 2025

Background: Maruca vitrata, commonly known as the legume pod borer, is a significant pest affecting leguminous crops like cowpea, pigeon pea, lab lab, beans, mung bean and others across tropical and subtropical regions. It severely reduces yields by boring into flowers, pods and seeds, causing significant damage. Field control failures with insecticides have been experienced by farmers due to development of insecticide resistance upon over reliance on insecticides. Hence, the present study attempted to quantify the levels of insecticide resistance and their detoxification routes in field collected populations of M. vitrata from intensive legume growing regions of India. Methods: In this study, a survey was conducted in intensive legume-growing regions of India to collect field populations of M. vitrata in 2024. Dose mortality bioassays were conducted against five commonly used insecticides (quinolphos, chlorantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, flubendimide, indoxacarb) and resistance ratios were determined by comparing the LC50 values of field populations with the susceptible laboratory population. Enzyme assays were performed to evaluate the role of detoxifying enzymes like cytochrome p 450s, glutathione S-transferases and carboxylesterases in conferring resistance. Result: The resistance ratios varied from 56.48 to 311-fold for quinolphos, 3.84 to 97-fold for chlorantriniliprole, 15.76 to 92.088-fold for chlorpyrifos, 30.86 to 75.26-fold for flubendimide and 33.21 to 82.95-fold for indoxacarb. The activities of detoxification enzymes were significantly higher in the midgut of field collected M. vitrata larvae. The data suggests rational use of various insecticides in rotation so as to delay the further development of resistance in M. vitrata.
Effects of a Procrastination Intervention for Japanese University Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Tendencies: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Oguchi Mana , Furukawa Emi , Kumano Hiroaki
Published: January 2025

University students, especially those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), experience distress due to procrastination. However, the existing treatment for adult ADHD does not adequately address procrastination. A brief procrastination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy program was developed for the current study, and its effects on procrastination, depression, and life satisfaction were assessed. Using a single-case AB design, procrastination behaviors and mood during the baseline and intervention periods were recorded. Data from 24 students with ADHD symptoms (mean age = 20.42 years,SD= 1.50) were analyzed using interrupted time series and counterfactual analyses. The effects of the program on the depressive symptoms and life satisfaction were also examined. The intervention changed the trajectory of the students’ procrastination behaviors, significantly reducing them compared with baseline. They also reported improved life satisfaction following the intervention. This novel intervention appears effective in reducing procrastination among university students with ADHD symptoms.
Navigating Fear: Women’s Perceptions of Safety and Vulnerability in the Urban Landscape of Sambalpur, India
Authors: Rai Rashmi , Rai Ambarish Kumar
Published: January 2025

Vulnerability is the perception of being exposed and susceptible to potential harm or adversity. This study underscores the critical role of individual women’s perceived vulnerability in shaping their sense of safety and risk of victimization within the urban landscape. Focusing on women aged 15–49 years in Sambalpur city and its surrounding areas, the research draws on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, analyzed through a phenomenological lens. Findings reveal that women’s perceptions of physical vulnerability, sociopsychological harm associated with sexual crimes, apprehension about demands for sexual favors, and direct or vicarious experiences of victimization profoundly shape their fears and perceived risk of crime in the city. Recognizing and addressing these dimensions is vital to fostering urban spaces where women can move freely and confidently, without the shadow of fear or anxiety.
Educación y ciudadanización en Colombia: Piadosos, patriotas y laboriosos
Authors: Espinel-Bernal Oscar
Published: January 2025

La investigación realizada se soporta desde tres ejes de análisis: el sujeto-piadoso, el sujeto-patriota y el sujeto-laborioso. Tres ejes que se amalgaman en la formación de aquella forma de subjetividad que llamamos ciudadano y que se conjuga con la consolidación del proyecto de nación puesto en marcha en las últimas décadas del siglo XIX en Colombia. Además de buenos cristianos y buenos patriotas, los ciudadanos deben ser sujetos laboriosos, con visión de futuro y regidos por valores como el ahorro y el esfuerzo personal para contribuir a la prosperidad de la nación en medio de los crecientes cambios en los mercados y economías mundiales a la entrada del siglo XX. Allí serán capitales las técnicas disciplinarias y biopolíticas para la maximización de la productividad y la regulación de la opinión pública que empieza a aparecer como terreno fértil para el gobierno de las poblaciones y la cohesión del Estado. Dar una mirada a las formas de constitución de ciudadanos desde la distancia histórica que propone el libro permite no solo comprender los modos, funcionamientos y características de la formación ciudadana en Colombia, sino también problematizar y trazar nuevos horizontes de posibilidad frente a las prácticas de ciudadanización contemporáneas.
Gambut Muslim Community and Their Environmental Conservation; Intertwin among Fiqh, Economy, and Policy Factors
Authors: Sukarni Sukarni
Published: January 2025

Islamic eco-theology doctrines encourage believers to care for the environment and forbids destructive actions that could harm or degrade the environmental condition. However, in recent years, many paddy fields and peatlands in Banjar Regency, which should have been preserved for environmental restoration, have been transformed into residential areas. Therefore, this research aims to explore factors influencing the conversion in the Gambut Subdistrict, Banjar Regency, ranging from a religious perspective or fiqh, the economic situation of local people, and relevant regulation enforcement. The research is a field study with a mixed-method approach. Data collection involved 120 respondents residing in the Gambut Subdistrict. Additionally, interviews were conducted with community leaders, organizational representatives, and local government officials. Using a multiple regression approach, the study found that since 2000, 55 new residential complexes have been constructed in the region. The research findings reveal that although economic factors have a minimal impact on environmental conservation variables, fiqh perspectives, and policy variables do affect significantly. These three factors, namely fiqh perspectives, economic factors, and policies collectively exert a significant influence on environmental conservation. Qualitatively, the primary cause of the conversion of paddy fields and peatlands into residential areas is the lack of environmental fiqh literacy. This deficiency has resulted in low awareness of the importance of preserving paddy fields and peatlands as environmental support areas, leaving them vulnerable to encroachment by capital owners eager to develop residential areas. Furthermore, weak oversight by authorities and policymakers has exacerbated this situation.