bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of anthelminthic of ethanol extract of basil (Ocimum americanum) leaf against Ascaris suum death in vitro
Authors: SENTANA OKKIE MHARGA , HARYATI SRI , MARIYAH YUL
Published: July 2018

Sentana OM, Haryati S, Mariyah Y. 2011. Effects of anthelminthic of ethanol extract of basil (Ocimum americanum) leaf against Ascaris suum death in vitro. Biofarmasi 9: 1-6. This research aimed to examine the relationship between the ethanol extract of basil leaf against Ascaris suum mortality rate in vitro. This study was a laboratory experiment with a research design of the post-test with controlled group design. The samples were Ascaris suum Goeze that still actively moved and obtained from pig intestines. The sampling technique used was a purposive sampling by equating the type and the length of worms, and it did not distinguished for the sex of worms. The subjects were divided into five groups, each group consisted of 5 worms and repeated in 6 times. The control group contained 25 mL of physiological saline solution and 25 mL pyrantel pamoate 5 mg/mL. Three other groups contained basil leaves extracts consisted of various concentrations, i.e. 30%, 40% and 50%. The number of dead worms was counted every 2 hours until all the worms in the group died. The data were analyzed by using a linear regression analysis and a probit analysis. Simple linear regression statistical test showed a significance correlation at 0.000 with 0.837 correlation coefficient was negative, R square 0.701, in which the significant correlation <0.05 or the value of 37.565 with a significance of means, there was a negative relationship between the length of time of death of worms with large concentrations of basil extract. Analysis using a probit analysis obtained LC50 at a concentration of 40% and LT50 at a concentration of 40% was 2 hours. The ethanol extract of basil leaf could affect the death of A. suum in vitro with LC50 at a concentration of 40% and LT50 at a concentration of 40% was 2 hours.
Study of antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice with substrates variation (rice, corn and dried cassava)
Authors: WIYOTO HADI , ANDRIANI M. A.M. , PARNANTO NUR HER RIYADI
Published: July 2018

Wiyoto H, Andriani MAM, Parnanto NHR. 2011. Study of antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice with substrates variation (rice, corn and dried cassava). Biofarmasi 9: 38-44. Red yeast rice is one of fermented rice product by Monascus purpureus. Traditionally, the substrate used to produce red yeast rice is rice. Usually, the rice with high amylose content is proper to produce red yeast rice than low amylose. The other substrates that be used to produce red yeast rice are corn and dried cassava. The purposes of this research were to determine the effect of substrates variation (rice, corn and dried cassava) on antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content in red yeast rice, and to determine the substrate(s) that produce the highest antioxidant activity and anticholesterol content. The design of this research was a Completely Randomized Design with one factor, i.e. the kind of substrates: rice, corn and dried cassava, with three replications. Then, the data were analyzed with ANOVA at a level of significance Î±=0.05, and continued with DMRT at the same level. This results showed that the effect of substrates kind to antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice. The rice substrate had higher antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content than corn and dried cassava substrates. The antioxidant activity and the anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice from rice substrate were 45.6100% and 0.026600%, respectively. The antioxidant activity and the anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice from corn substrate were 44.0500% and 0.022833%, respectively, while the antioxidant activity and the anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice from dried cassava substrate were 42.8333% and 0.013200%, respectively.
The application of maizena-edible film with addition of ginger extract as natural antioxidant in cow sausage coating
Authors: ESTININGTYAS HENY RATRI , KAWIJI KAWIJI , MANUHARA GODRAS JATI
Published: July 2018

Estiningtyas HR, Kawiji, Manuhara GJ. 2012. The application of maizena-edible film with addition of ginger extract as natural antioxidant in cow sausage coating. Biofarmasi 10: 7-16. The addition of ginger extract containing natural antioxidants into the edible coating sausage is expected to reduce the oxidative deterioration of lipid in sausage. The objectives of this study were to determine the concentration of ginger extract addition to edible coating sausage, to determine the effect of ginger extract addition to edible coating on the level of lipid damage in sausage during storage, and to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of edible film which most preferred by panelists compared with control. This study consisted of five main stages, i.e. the preparation of ginger extract, making edible film solution, the application of edible film, the edible film application as sausage coating, the characterization of edible film. This study used a random complete design with two replications of making edible film for each treatment of ginger extract concentration and two replications of characteristic test of edible film. The obtained data were analyzed for variant, if there was difference then it was continued to be analyzed with Duncan's Multiple Range Test at 0.05 of significance level. Based on the test results conducted on the application of edible coating sausage (organoleptic test, loss weight test, and lipid oxidation test), it was determined that the best treatment was the addition of 10% ginger extract on edible coating sausage. The edible film with 10% ginger extract addition was selected for the physical and mechanical characteristics test. When it was compared with control (without the addition of ginger extract), the results showed no significant difference for all parameters, except the solubility test. The solubility of edible film with the addition of ginger extract was higher than control.
The effect of liquid organic fertilizer and pearl grass extract on shoot growth of gotu kola (Centella asiatica) in vitro
Authors: HAYANTI IRMA PUTRI , AMIPUTRI RETNA BANDRIYATI , PRASWANTO PRASWANTO
Published: July 2018

Hayanti IP, Amiputri RB, Praswanto. 2012. The effect of liquid organic fertilizer and pearl grass extract on shoot growth of gotu kola (Centella asiatica) in vitro. Biofarmasi 10: 54-60. Gotu kola (Centella asiatica L.) is a medicinal crop, needed by local industry of pharmacy. Gotu kola in Indonesia is not enough to supply in market requisites. Tissue culture method was used to multiply gotu kola with a combination of medium from liquid organic fertilizer and pearl grass extract. The purposes of the research were to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer and pearl grass extract on the shoot growth of gotu kola in vitro, and to obtain the optimal concentration of liquid organic fertilizer and pearl grass extract combination on the shoot formation of gotu kola in vitro. The research was conducted in November 2010 to June 2011 in Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatment factors and three replications. The first factor was liquid organic fertilizer concentrations, i.e. 0 mL/L, 2 mL/L, 4 mL/L and 8 mL/L. The second factor was pearl grass extract, i.e. 0 mL/L, 3 mL/L, 6 mL/L and 12 mL/L. Variables observed were the percentage of shoot formation, the time of shoot formation, the number of shoot, the length of shoot, the percentage of leaf formation, the time of leaf formation and the number of leaf. The result of the research showed that not all of treatments provided shoot formation. The combination of liquid organic fertilizer concentrations 0 mL/L and pearl grass extract 12 mL/L showed the best results, in which the average of length of shoot was 2.16 cm, the number of shoot was 8 and the number of leaf was 8.
Isolation and characterization of mannanase, xylanase, and cellulase from marine bacteria Bacillus sp.
Authors: YOPI YOPI , DJOHAN APRIDAH CAMELIAWATI , RAHMANI NANIK , JANNAH ALIFAH MAFATIKHUL
Published: July 2018

Yopi, Djohan AC, Rahmani N, Jannah AM. 2017. Isolation and characterization of mannanase, xylanase, and cellulase from marine bacteria Bacillus sp. Biofarmasi (Rumphius J Nat Prod Biochem) 15: 15-20. Isolation, identification, and characterization of mannanase, xylanase and cellulase producing indigenous marine bacteria have been conducted from total 20 isolates. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, three potential isolates are obtained and identified as Bacillus subtilis (M8), Bacillus tequilensis (X4) and Bacillus cereus (C9). The potential strains M8, X4 and C9 can produce mannanase, xylanase and cellulase activities such as 9.5 U/mL; 0.36U/mL;0.56U/mL with optimum pH and temperature 6.0;50oC, 5.5;70oC and 8;50oC, respectively. Based on the TLC analysis, mannanase from M8 and xylanase from X4 has potential to hydrolyzed mannan and xylan for producing oligosaccharides with size around tri-hexasaccharides as a main product.
Short Communication: Spermicidal properties of Durio zibethinus in the Mandiangin Forests, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: NURLIANI1 ANNI , KARTINAH NANI
Published: July 2018

Nurliani A, Kartinah N. 2017. Short Communication: Spermicidal properties of Durio zibethinus in the Mandiangin Forests, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biofarmasi (Rumphius J Nat Prod Biochem) 15: 26-28. Side effect caused by condom with synthetic spermicide encourages researcher to find alternative spermicide from plant which have fewer side effects. Bark of durian extract is potential candidate for herbal spermicide because it could decrease the percentage of human spermatozoa quality in vitro at the concentrations of 2%. This study was designed to evaluate its spermicidal activity by in vitro on motility, velocity of movement, viability and morphology of human spermatozoa. The formulation of gel with 2% of bark of durian extract were developed by using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as gelling agent with 3 different concentrations, namely, 1.5; 2; and 2.5 %. Evaluation of gel preparations including physical appearance, viscosity, spreadability, and pH was done to obtain the best formula. Based on the evaluation, the best performance of gel was achieved by adding 2% of HPMC. Furthermore, the spermicidal activity of the gel with bark of durian extract was tested and compared to the bark of durian extract without gel, gel without bark of durian extract, and the fresh sperm as control. Formulation of gel with bark of durian extract significantly decreased all parameters of spermatozoa quality. Thus, formula containing 2% of bark of durian extract with HPMC 2% possesses appreciable spermicidal potential.
Effects of water stress on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of African nightshades
Authors: OKELLO ODHIAMBO PETER , GWEYI JOSEPH P. ONYANGO , NAWIRI MILDRED PAULINE , MUSILA WINFRED
Published: July 2018

Okello OP, Gweyi JPO, Nawiri Mp, Musila W. 2017. Effects of water stress on phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of African nightshades. Biofarmasi J Nat Prod Biochem 15: 79-95. This study aimed at mapping out the distribution of different African Nightshade species in Siaya and Kisii Counties of Kenya and to determine water stress effect on total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of two selected African nightshade namely, giant nightshade (Solanum scabrum) and black nightshade (Solanum villosum). Before selection of the two varieties, the study involved farmer field visits, mapping of nightshades present and administration of semi-structured questionnaires to farmers to determine the indigenous vegetables being grown, the nightshade species grown and factors affecting their production. The experiments were conducted both in the field and greenhouse conditions. Watering intervals were at 15 cbars, 50 cbars, and 85 cbars. Data on the number of secondary buds, leaf area, shoot height, shoot and root dry weights were gathered. The total antioxidant capacity and the total phenolic content were recorded using DPPH radical scavenging method and Folin-Ciolcalteu method, respectively. The data collected were subjected to ANOVA. In both counties where production was 100% under small scale, Solanum scabrum was the main variety grown is Siaya County (36%) while in Kisii the main variety was Solanum villosum (32%). There were significant differences (Pâ‰¤0.05) among treatments in leaf area, plant height, shoot biomass, number of secondary buds, leaf and root total phenolic content and leaf and root antioxidant activity. At all stress levels, Solanum scabrum exhibited the tallest plants with a maximum height of 45.17cm at 15cbars, while Solanum villosum had the shortest plants at all stress levels, with the shortest one being recorded at 16.65 cm at 85 cbars. S. scabrum also had the highest root dry weight (7.78g), shoot dry weight (50.78g) and highest leaf area of (304.45cm2). However, Solanum villosum had the highest number of secondary buds at all stress levels with the highest being 24 at 15 cbars. Concerning phytochemicals, Solanum villosum had a higher concentration of both the total phenolics and antioxidant activity in the shoots (46.41g GAE/Kg DM total phenolic content and 52.68% total antioxidant activity). Meanwhile, Solanum scabrum had a higher concentration in the roots (25.06gGAE/Kg DM total phenolic content and 27.18% total antioxidant activity). Water stress cause a decline in all growth parameters but increased phytochemical accumulation in nightshade accessions grown. It is therefore suggested that for better yields, irrigation should be performed at every 15 cbars, however for adequate phytochemical accumulation, the irrigation should be carried out at 50 cbars. Further research to explore and quantify other phytochemical components as affected by different watering regimes need to be undertaken.
Quantification of phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of Tamarindus indica from selected areas in Tanzania
Authors: MBUNDE MOURICE , MDEGELA ROBINSON H. , LASWAI H.S. , MABIKI F.P.
Published: July 2018

Mbunde M, Mdegela RH, Laswai HS, Mabiki FP. 2018. Quantification of phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of Tamarindus indica from selected areas in Tanzania. Biofarmasi J Nat Prod Biochem15: 22-28. The objective of this study was to establish the quantities and antioxidant activity in fruits and leaves of Tamarindus indica L. collected from three agro-ecological zones of Tanzania represented by Morogoro, Tanga and Dodoma regions. Samples were examined for their total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as their antioxidant activity. The total phenolic content showed significant difference in all extracts of the fruits and leaves and ranged from 1994.4±530.77 to 17874.67±5234 mg GAE/100 g. Similarly, the total flavonoid content in tamarind leaf and fruit extracts ranged from 880±609.45 to 11483.11±2559.67 mg CE /100 g dry weight. There was a significant difference between the antioxidant activity in the leaf (54.39±0.13%) and fruit extracts (40.11±0.03%). Tamarind leaf extracts exhibited significantly higher radical scavenging activity than fruit extracts. The antioxidant activity in fruit extracts expressed in percentage ranged between 29.27±0.06% and 40.11±0.03% while in leaf extracts the activity ranged from 22.33±0.08% to 54.39±0.13%. The radical scavenging activity from Coastal leaf extracts had the highest activity followed by Eastern leaf extracts and lastly Central leaf extracts. In the fruit samples, the highest activity was shown by Coastal fruit extracts followed by Central fruit extracts and Eastern fruit extract being the least active. The values in Ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay ranged between 6968±3655.91 µM Fe (II)/g and 76822.67±23259.9 µM Fe (II)/g for leaves and fruits dry mass respectively. These values correspond to the antioxidant activity which positively correlated with the total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Geographical location and climatic conditions have been reported to have enormous effects on the amount and activity of antioxidants available in both tamarind leaves and fruits. Findings from the study indicated that tamarind can be utilized as a cheap source of antioxidants. However, more agronomic studies should be considered to confirm the effects of agroecological differences on antioxidant activity.
The Istanbul Biennial and the reproduction of the urban public space
Authors: Özpınar Ceren
Published: July 2018

Initiated by the Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts in 1987, the Istanbul Biennial is the product of a period in which many cities of the Global South started their own biennials. With the participating ‘star’ curators and artists, the Biennial gradually sparked attention from the international art world. Yet, it also received occasional negative responses from the local art world. Critics stressed the problematic relationship of the Biennial with one of the key players behind the urban regeneration process in the city. Designed as a wide-reaching contemporary art event in a city of an enormous scale, a vast population and contested histories, the Biennial was set in a range of venues throughout Istanbul over the years. This not only led the Biennial to continuously reframe Istanbul through the selected new locations and unwittingly reproduce the urban public space but also to redefining the way in which the visitors relate to both the city and the event per se. This article discusses the re-organization of the public space by the Istanbul Biennial in the backdrop of contemporary art practices, the art historical discourse and the changing social and political context of the last 30 years in Turkey by drawing on the theories of Michel de Certeau, Chantal Mouffe and Sibel Yardimci among others.
Conference Reviews
Authors: Bernhard Ellen , Gurbuz Temmuz Sureyya
Published: July 2018

Curating Resistance: Punk as Archival Method, University of California, Los Angeles, USA, 9–10 February 2018

Fourth Punk Scholars Network Conference and Postgraduate Symposium, University of Bolton, Bolton, UK, 12–13 December 2017
L’Arco di Traiano partico nel Medioevo
Authors: Meneghini Roberto
Published: July 2018

L’ipotesi dell’esistenza di un arco dedicato a Traiano Partico in corrispondenza del settore meridionale di palazzo Valentini, ora della Provincia o Città Metropolitana di Roma, sembra imporre una revisione dei dati medioevali e moderni a nostra disposizione relativi alla presenza di più di un arco in questa zona.
La comunicación del Tercer Sector y el compromiso de los jóvenes en la era digital
Authors: García Galera Carmen , Fernández Muñoz Cristóbal , Del Olmo Barbero Jesús
Published: July 2018

Las organizaciones del Tercer Sector ha encontrado en las redes sociales una herramienta de comunicación para llegar e implicar de forma más eficaz a los jóvenes. En este artículo, se aborda el papel que la comunicación digital está desempeñando en las relaciones de las organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) con estos públicos. Mediante la técnica del grupo de discusión con responsables de comunicación de distintas ONG, se constata la necesidad de mejorar y adaptar sus estrategias de comunicación recurriendo a nuevos enfoques y técnicas propias del internet social como el empleo de celebridades, youtubers o bloggers.
The robot will see you now?
Authors: Gatenby Piers A. C.
Published: July 2018

Remote medical videoconferencing and teleconsultations are well-established in modern medical practice with good video and audio quality and data security. Extending this practice to ward rounds requires bringing the communication interface to the ward patient. This was found to be acceptable to patients and technically successful by Croghan et al.
Intellectual potential as a means of reproduction and renewal of the unity of productive forces and industrial relations
Authors: Voit Sergey , Tkachenko Vladimir Andreevich , Oleshkevich Irina
Published: July 2018

The conceptual view on the unity of productive forces and industrial relations in modern social structures of production expressing the active relation of people to the accumulation of material goods as an indicator of the spiritual development of the social structure has been presented in the work. It is proved that the technological basis of society is a state priority of structural changes in the economy, which determines the rates of economic growth regardless of the level of development. The new paradigm, which was called "technological method of production" as a dynamic system of not only production forces, but also of technological production relations, due to the optimization of internal production processes transformed into a system of technological relations, the nature of which is determined by the nature of the operation or transition in the technological process, has been conceptually substantiated.
Modern Irak Şiir Metinlerinde Anlam Bilimsel Okumalar
Authors: EL-UBEYDİ Abdulkerim
Published: July 2018

Bu çalışma, modern Arap şiirinde önemli
izler bırakan bir grup Iraklı şaire ait bazı modern şiir kasidelerindeki
semantik anlamları ele alıp incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Söz konusu şairlerin
şiirleri ve edebi ürünleri, Arap şiir hareketinin modern tezahürlerinde büyük
bir etki meydana getirmiştir. Zira bu şairler; şiir diline hâkimiyet, söz
sanatlarında kabiliyet, derin anlamlı sanatsal imgeler vücuda getirme,
düşünceleri ustaca kalıba dökebilme, eşsiz betimleme, üstün edebi değeri olan
sanatsal imalarda titiz davranma gibi hususlarda diğer şairlerden ayrılmaktadır.  Biz bu makalede semantik/analitik okumanın
konusu olarak seçtiğimiz kasidelerdeki estetik unsurları ortaya çıkarmaya
çalıştık. Kasidelerin sanatsal anlamlarına, bu anlamların okuyucu üzerindeki
psikolojik ve duygusal etkilerine ve bu etkilerin içerdiği fikri muhtevayı
açıklamaya özen gösterdik. Bunu yaparken Arapçanın gramatik /semantik yapısı ve
dilsel özellikleri üzerine kurulu sanatsal yönüne dikkat çektik. Bu yolla
özgünlüğün değeri ön plana çıkmış, inceleme ve eleştiriye konu olan kasidelerin
içerdiği şiirin eşsiz gücü, düşünce potansiyeli, insani içerikler, medeni
boyutlar ve insana ait olan değerler ortaya çıkmıştır.
Financial Stability and Money Creation
Authors: Moe Thorvald Grung
Published: July 2018

Should money issuance be a licensed privilege, and if so, who should issue money? Morgan Ricks argues that free-wheeling money issuance by non-licensed shadow banks was a major factor behind the global financial crisis. Still, the regulatory reform agenda after the crisis has mostly been directed at banks (with a few exceptions). This has led to an enormously complex body of regulations that threatens to bring traditional banking to its knees. Ricks would instead restore money issuance as a privilege and leave other financial institutions with a lighter regulatory regime. He is not, however, in favor of narrow banking – as favored by Irving Fisher – but would leave credit allocation with the private banking sector. In this way his proposals are both radical and conservative. He brings a refreshing look to the regulatory debate, and the book is full of novel insights. His discussion of banks and deposit regulations should be required reading for all bank regulators, although his proposal may fall on barren ground in the current political environment. Nevertheless, the book should serve both as a primer for future monetary reform proposals, but also as a starting point for a pragmatic bipartisan debate about financial reform today.
Sign-Changing Solutions for a Class of Zero Mass Nonlocal Schrödinger Equations
Authors: Ambrosio Vincenzo , Figueiredo Giovany M. , Isernia Teresa , Molica Bisci Giovanni
Published: July 2018

We consider the following class of fractional Schrödinger equations:

(

-
Δ

)

α

⁢
u

+

V
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
u

=

K
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
f
⁢

(
u
)

 

in 
⁢

ℝ
N

,

(-\Delta)^{\alpha}u+V(x)u=K(x)f(u)\quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N},

where

α
∈

(
0
,
1
)

{\alpha\in(0,1)}

,

N
>

2
⁢
α

{N>2\alpha}

,

(

-
Δ

)

α

{(-\Delta)^{\alpha}}

is the fractional Laplacian, V and K are positive continuous functions which vanish at infinity, and f is a continuous function. By using a minimization argument and a quantitative deformation lemma, we obtain the existence of a sign-changing solution. Furthermore, when f is odd, we prove that the above problem admits infinitely many nontrivial solutions. Our result extends to the fractional framework some well-known theorems proved for elliptic equations in the classical setting. With respect to these cases studied in the literature, the nonlocal one considered here presents some additional difficulties, such as the lack of decompositions involving positive and negative parts, and the non-differentiability of the Nehari Manifold, so that a careful analysis of the fractional spaces involved is necessary.
Mass and Extremals Associated with the Hardy–Schrödinger Operator on Hyperbolic Space
Authors: Chan Hardy , Ghoussoub Nassif , Mazumdar Saikat , Shakerian Shaya , de Oliveira Faria Luiz Fernando
Published: July 2018

We consider the Hardy–Schrödinger operator

L
γ

:=

-

Δ

𝔹
n

-

γ
⁢

V
2

{L_{\gamma}:=-\Delta_{\mathbb{B}^{n}}-\gamma{V_{2}}}

on the Poincaré ball model of the hyperbolic space

𝔹
n

{\mathbb{B}^{n}}

(

n
≥
3

{n\geq 3}

). Here

V
2

{V_{2}}

is a radially symmetric potential, which behaves like the Hardy potential around its singularity at 0, i.e.,

V
2

⁢

(
r
)

∼

1

r
2

{V_{2}(r)\sim\frac{1}{r^{2}}}

. As in the Euclidean setting,

L
γ

{L_{\gamma}}

is positive definite whenever

γ
<

(

n
-
2

)

2

4

{\gamma<\frac{(n-2)^{2}}{4}}

, in which case we exhibit explicit solutions for the critical equation

L
γ

⁢
u

=

V

2
*

⁢

(
s
)

⁢

u

2
*

⁢

(
s
)

-
1

{L_{\gamma}u=V_{2^{*}(s)}u^{2^{*}(s)-1}}

in

𝔹
n

,

{\mathbb{B}^{n},}

where

0
≤
s
<
2

{0\leq s<2}

,

2
*

⁢

(
s
)

=

2
⁢

(

n
-
s

)

n
-
2

{2^{*}(s)=\frac{2(n-s)}{n-2}}

, and

V

2
*

⁢

(
s
)

{V_{2^{*}(s)}}

is a weight that behaves like

1

r
s

{\frac{1}{r^{s}}}

around 0. In dimensions

n
≥
5

{n\geq 5}

, the equation

L
γ

⁢
u

-

λ
⁢
u

=

V

2
*

⁢

(
s
)

⁢

u

2
*

⁢

(
s
)

-
1

{L_{\gamma}u-\lambda u=V_{2^{*}(s)}u^{2^{*}(s)-1}}

in a domain Ω of

𝔹
n

{\mathbb{B}^{n}}

away from the boundary but containing 0 has a ground state solution, whenever

0
<
γ
≤

n
⁢

(

n
-
4

)

4

{0<\gamma\leq\frac{n(n-4)}{4}}

, and

λ
>

n
-
2

n
-
4

⁢

(

n
⁢

(

n
-
4

)

4

-
γ

)

{\lambda>\frac{n-2}{n-4}(\frac{n(n-4)}{4}-\gamma)}

. On the other hand, in dimensions 3 and 4, the existence of solutions depends on whether the domain has a positive “hyperbolic mass” a notion that we introduce and analyze therein.
Human case of Fasciola gigantica-like infection, review of human fascioliasis reports in Nepal, and epidemiological analysis within the South Central Asia
Authors: Sah Ranjit , Khadka Shusila , Lakhey Paleswan Joshi , Pradhan Sumita , Shah Niranjan Parsad , Singh Yogendra Prasad , Mas-Coma Santiago
Published: July 2018

The diagnosis of a 22 year-old male patient from Kerabari, Morang District, Nepal led to the review of human fascioliasis cases and analysis of the epidemiological situation in that country not included in the WHO fascioliasis map. Symptom onset one month before egg detection and normal levels of ALT and AST did not agree with the 3–4-month migratory period of fascioliasis. A shorter acute phase may happen when the main biliary duct is reached by the migratory juveniles directly from the intestinal lumen. The causal agent was ascribed to F. gigantica-like worms after considering adult fluke morphology, altitude of the patient’s infection area, fasciolid characteristics in the neighbouring Bangladesh, and lymnaeid snail vector species known in Nepal and in the patient’s infection area. Previous reports of human infection by Fasciola in Nepal are reviewed. The patient in question proved to be the twelfth case and the first in whom a F. gigantica-like infection is reported. In Nepal, the wide geographical distribution of livestock fascioliasis, with high prevalences in buffaloes, cattle and goats, and the reports of Fasciola-infected schoolchildren close to the capital Kathmandu, give rise to concern on the situation in remote rural areas in a country where most of the population lives in rural areas. Moreover, the climate change impact in Nepal remembers Pakistan, where human fascioliasis emergence has been related to climate change and man-made irrigation. All in all, the present analysis suggests that human infection by Fasciola may be underestimated in Nepal.
Alveolar echinococcosis in a dog; analysis of clinical and histological findings and molecular identification of Echinococcus multilocularis
Authors: Antolová Daniela , Víchová Bronislava , Jarošová Júlia , Gál Viliam , Bajužík Branislav
Published: July 2018

Echinococcus multilocularisis a zoonotic tapeworm of medical and veterinary importance that occasionally infects accidental intermediate hosts causing severe disease or even death. In dogs, alveolar echinococcosis has been reported mainly in central Europe and Canada. The paper presents clinical, biochemical and histological signs of alveolar echinococcosis in a dog from Slovakia and the results of mitochondrialnad1gene analysis. In 2016, 11-years old Siberian husky female suffering from inappetence was presented to the Veterinary Clinic in Žilina. Biochemical blood examination and blood count showed only minor changes, but abdominal ultrasonography showed the hepatomegaly and the presence of nonhomogeneous hypodense lobulated formation in the left liver lobe. Histological and molecular examinations of excided tissue confirmed the diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis of the liver. BLAST analysis ofE.multilocularis nad1gene revealed that the nucleotide sequence did not exactly match the previously identified M1 (AJ237639) and/or M2 genotype (AJ237640). In total, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) occurred within overlapping region ofnad1gene. In the discussion, clinical and laboratory findings of the infection in other dog patients are compared and the possibilities of diagnosis and therapy of the disease are discussed.
Morphological and phylogenetic characterization of a novel Unicauda species, infecting the kidney of Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei: Characidae) in Brazil
Authors: Vidal Letícia P. , McIntosh Douglas , Luque José L.
Published: July 2018

During a parasitological survey of Astyanax altiparanae captured in the Mogi Guaçú river, Pirassununga, state of São Paulo, Brazil, a new species of myxozoa was observed infecting the kidney of 30 of 42 specimens. Plasmodia of the new myxozoa, referred to herein as Unicauda whippsi n. sp. were spherical and varied from 450 to 1000 μm in length. The mature spore was elongated and measured 11 ± 1.2 (10–12) μm long by 5.4 ± 0.6 (4.7–7.2) μm wide. Polar capsules of unequal length with the filament coiled 7–9 times and a unique caudal process characteristic of the genus Unicauda, were recorded. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that U. whippsi n. sp. clustered with members of the genus Unicauda and Myxobolus, confirming it’s placement within the family Myxobolidae. This is the first record of a species of Unicauda infecting characiform fish, as well as the first registered occurrence of species of this genus in South America.
Ten new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from nuthatches (Aves: Passeriformes: Sittidae), tits and chickadees (Paridae), and goldcrests (Regulidae)
Authors: Gustafsson Daniel R. , Chu Xingzhi , Bush Sarah E. , Zou Fasheng
Published: July 2018

Ten new species of chewing lice in the genusBrueeliaKéler, 1936, are described from hosts in the families Paridae, Regulidae, and Sittidae. They are:Brueelia johnsonin. sp. fromPoecile sclateri eidos(Peters, 1927);Brueelia juniperin. sp. fromBaeolophus ridgwayi ridgwayi(Richmond, 1902);Brueelia kabulican. sp. fromSitta tephronota tephronotaSharpe, 1872;Brueelia mpumalangensisn. sp. fromMelaniparus niger niger(Vieillot, 1818);Brueelia nazaen. sp. fromParus cinereus caschmirensisHartert, 1905;Brueelia oxyrhynchan. sp. fromSitta nagaensis nagaensisGodwin-Austen, 1874;Brueelia picea. sp. fromParus major excelsusBuvry, 1857;Brueelia ragusican. sp. fromSitta neumayer neumayerMichahelles, 1830;Brueelia regulicidan. sp. fromRegulus calendula grinnelliPalmer, 1897;Brueelia sittacolan. sp. fromSitta carolinensis carolinensisLatham, 1790.Brueelia regulicidais the firstBrueelia-complex louse to be described from the host family Regulidae. Collectively, theBrueeliaof parid, regulid, and sittid hosts show two peculiar patterns. Firstly, lice on closely related hosts appear to be distantly related. Secondly, lice on most hosts in these families appear to be more closely related to lice on other host families than to each other. This contradicts the traditional view thatBrueelia-complex lice on closely related hosts are themselves closely related. Potentially, the tendency of the hosts to participate in mixed-species feeding flocks may explain some of these patterns.
Assessment of oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers and DNA damage in Haemonchus contortus, following exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Esmaeilnejad Bijan , Samiei Awat , Mirzaei Yousef , Farhang-Pajuh Farhad
Published: July 2018

Drug resistance in helminth parasites has incurred several difficulties to livestock industry and ranked among the top public health concerns. Therefore, seeking for new agents to control parasites is an urgent strategy. In the recent years, metallic nanoparticles have been considerably evaluated for anthelmintic effects. The current research was conducted to assess possible anthelmintic impacts of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on a prevalent gastrointestinal nematode,H. contortus. Moreover, several biomarkers of oxidative/nitrosative stress and DNA damage were measured. Various concentrations of the nanoparticle were prepared and incubated with the worms for 24 hours. The parasite mobility, mortality rate, antioxidant enzymes activities (SOD, Catalase and GSH-Px), lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant status as well as nitric oxide (NO) contents and DNA damage were determined. ZnO-NPs exerted significant wormicidal effects via induction of oxidative/nitrosative stress and DNA damage. Conclusively, ZnO-NPs can be utilized as a novel and potential agent to control and treatment of helminth parasitic infections.
Derivative Free Regularization Method for Nonlinear Ill-Posed Equations in Hilbert Scales
Authors: George Santhosh , Kanagaraj K.
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we deal with nonlinear ill-posed operator equations involving a monotone operator in the setting of Hilbert scales. Our convergence analysis of the proposed derivative-free method is based on the simple property of the norm of a self-adjoint operator. Using a general Hölder-type source condition, we obtain an optimal order error estimate. Also we consider the adaptive parameter choice strategy proposed by Pereverzev and Schock (2005) for choosing the regularization parameter. Finally, we applied the proposed method to the parameter identification problem in an elliptic PDE in the setting of Hilbert scales and compare the results with the corresponding method in Hilbert space.
Stabilizability of Infinite-Dimensional Systems by Finite-Dimensional Controls
Authors: Raymond Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we consider control systems for which the underlying semigroup is analytic, and the resolvent of its generator is compact. In that case we give a characterization of the stabilizability of such control systems. When the stabilizability condition is satisfied the system is also stabilizable by finite-dimensional controls.
We end the paper by giving an application of this result to the stabilizability of the Oseen equations with mixed boundary conditions.
Influence of High Temperature Oxidation on Hydrogen Absorption and Degradation of Zircaloy-2 and Zr 700 Alloys
Authors: Zieliński Andrzej , Cymann Anita , Gumiński Adrian , Hernik Anna , Gajowiec Grzegorz
Published: July 2018

The present research was aimed at determining the effects of the oxide layers on hydrogen absorption, microstructure and mechanical properties of the Zircaloy-2 and Zr 702 alloys. The oxidation was made at 350 °C, 700 °C and 900 °C for 10 to 30 min in laboratory air, followed by hydrogen cathodic charging for 72 h and annealing at 400 °C for 4 h. The slow strain rate tests were carried out on oxidized, charged and annealed specimens. The oxidation resulted in thick and cracked, more for Zr 702 alloy, layer. After oxidation at 350 °C, the appearance of hydrides in Zircaloy-2 and absence of hydrides in Zr 702 alloy were observed. After oxidation at high temperatures no current flow was noticed at applied voltage up to 5 V, and no hydrogen or hydrogen cracks. The observed effects were attributed to the phase structure of investigated alloys at low hydrogen content.
Pre-emption of L1 properties in the L2 acquisition of Englishwh-interrogatives: Effects of L2 proficiency and age of onset
Authors: Al-Thubaiti Kholoud A.
Published: July 2018

This study investigates whether second language (L2) speakers can pre-empt a first language (L1) property which involves uninterpretable features, such as resumption. The Interpretability Hypothesis predicts persistent L1 effects in L2 grammars because uninterpretable features resist resetting beyond some critical period (Tsimpli and Dimitrakopoulou 2007). Unlike English, Saudi Arabic allows grammatical resumption in complexwh-interrogatives, which is highly preferred with (D)iscourse-linkedwh-forms (e. g.ʔayy-NP ‘which-NP’) but disallowed with non-D-linked ones (e. g.ʔeeʃ‘what’). The study was conducted with fifteen native English speakers and 34 (very)-advanced Saudi Arabic L2 speakers of English with age of onset (AO 1–13 years). In a bimodal, timed acceptability judgment task, their accuracy judgments of 32 (un)grammaticalwh-interrogatives were tested. As predicted, results show that L2 speakers of very advanced levels inaccurately accepted resumption especially with D-linkedwh-interrogatives. The results also show non-significant differences between AO 1–6 and 7–13 years in their rejection accuracy of resumption.
Introduction
Authors: Paarsch Harry J. , Schmedders Karl
Published: July 2018

By making gathering large samples of data (Big Data) almost trivial, the Information Revolution has changed fundamentally how many scientists now conduct empirical research. The explosion in the variety and volume of information that is Big Data has in many cases altered both the questions asked and how those questions are answered. In this special issue devoted to Big Data, we have collected five papers from the social sciences, particularly economics, but business as well. The main goal of the issue is to introduce economists to the different ways that Big Data can and have been used in business and economic research, in the hope that this will spur additional innovative research in those fields.
Link Fault Tolerant Algorithms to Optimize the Blocking in Optical Burst Switching Networks
Authors: Saini Hardeep Singh , Wason Amit
Published: July 2018

In this paper, link fault tolerant algorithms (LFTAs) are employed for optimization of blocking performance in optical burst switching (OBS) networks for dynamic establishment of wavelength-routed lightpaths. This paper presents two algorithms: link fault tolerance algorithm for least congestion (LFTALC) and link fault tolerance algorithm for optimized blocking (LFTAOB). In former algorithm, the path with least congestion is selected and in the latter algorithm the path with least blocking probability is selected and then both the algorithms check for the availability of fault on the links present in the selected path. The findings indicate that methods of developing link based fault tolerant algorithms keep good performance and fairness among all the connections. The key advantage of these proposed algorithms as compared to routing and wavelength assignment algorithm is that these are very simple in nature and require less service disruption time.
Three new Brazilian cases of 17α-hydroxylase deficiency: clinical, molecular, hormonal, and treatment features
Authors: Breder Ikaro Soares Santos , Garmes Heraldo Mendes , Mazzola Tais Nitsch , Maciel-Guerra Andrea Trevas , de Mello Maricilda Palandi , Guerra-Júnior Gil
Published: July 2018

Background:

Deficiency of 17α-hydroxylase (17OHD) is a rare form of adrenal hyperplasia. Diagnosis is generally delayed, impairing appropriate treatment.

Case presentation:

Here, we report the clinical, molecular, hormonal, and treatment data of three unrelated 17OHD patients, aged 14–16 years with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism; uncontrolled hypertension; primary adrenal insufficiency; and high progesterone, low to normal potassium, and low dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, and testosterone levels. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) at baseline and after an adrenocorticotropic hormone test showed low cortisol and cortisone and high deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and corticosterone levels; both DOC/21-deoxycortisol and costicosterone/cortisol ratios were very high. Patient 2 had 46,XX karyotype and patients 1 and 3, had 46,XY. A molecular analysis showed that two of the patients were homozygous for p.W406R mutation and the other patient was compound heterozygous for p.W406R and p.P428L. Hypertension was controlled only after the administration of both prednisone and mineralocorticoid antagonist.

Conclusions:

Hypertension in young women must lead to diagnostic suspicion, even in the pre-pubertal period. The basal level of progesterone is an indicator of 17OHD. Mineral and glucocorticoid ratios obtained from LC-MS/MS can reinforce the diagnosis. Hypertension can be controlled using glucocorticoid replacement therapy and mineralocorticoid antagonist.
Noteworthy record of the Ethiopian genet,Genetta abyssinica, (Carnivora, Viverridae) from Djibouti informs its phylogenetic position withinGenetta
Authors: Ferguson Adam W. , Roble Houssein R. , McDonough Molly M.
Published: July 2018

The molecular phylogeny of extant genets (Carnivora, Viverridae,Genetta) was generated using all species with the exception of the Ethiopian genetGenetta abyssinica. Herein, we provide the first molecular phylogenetic assessment ofG. abyssinicausing molecular sequence data from multiple mitochondrial genes generated from a recent record of this species from the Forêt du Day (the Day Forest) in Djibouti. This record represents the first verified museum specimen ofG. abyssinicacollected in over 60 years and the first specimen with a specific locality for the country of Djibouti. Multiple phylogenetic analyses revealed conflicting results as to the exact relationship ofG. abyssinicato otherGenettaspecies, providing statistical support for a sister relationship to all other extant genets for only a subset of mitochondrial analyses. Despite the inclusion of this species for the first time, phylogenetic relationships amongGenettaspecies remain unclear, with limited nodal support for many species. In addition to providing an alternative hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships among extant genets, this recent record provides the first complete skeleton of this species to our knowledge and helps to shed light on the distribution and habitat use of this understudied African small carnivore.
On Banach and Kuratowski Theorem, K-Lusin sets and strong sequences
Authors: Jureczko Joanna
Published: July 2018

In 2003 Bartoszyński and Halbeisen published the results on various equivalences of Kuratowski and Banach theorem from 1929 concerning some aspect of measure theory. They showed that the existence of the so called BK-matrix related to Banach and Kuratowski theorem is equivalent to the existence of a K-Lusin set of cardinality continuum. On the other hand, in 1965 Efimov introduced the strong sequences method and using this method proved some well-known theorems in dyadic spaces. The goal of this paper is to show that the existence of such a K-Lusin set is equivalent to the existence of strong sequences of the same cardinality. Some applications of this results are also shown.
A hybrid kinetic-thermodynamic Monte Carlo model for simulation of homogeneous burst nucleation
Authors: Sabelfeld Karl K. , Eremeev Georgy
Published: July 2018

We develop in this paper a hybrid kinetic Monte Carlo and continuous thermodynamically based model for the simulation
of homogeneous nucleation under burst regime when a long incubation time is followed by rapid nucleation of stable nuclei.
In this model we assume that the kinetics of particle nucleation and disaggregation is governed by a Smoluchowski equation while the size of a stable
nuclei is taken from the thermodynamic theory of nucleation with varying supersaturation under metastable conditions.
We show that the Smoluchowski equations without the metastable conditions cannot describe the regime of burst nucleation
showing the following general feature: the longer the incubation time, the slower the nucleation rate even if a multiple disaggregation is assumed. In contrast, a combined hybrid Monte Carlo and metastable thermodynamic model suggested is able to
predict a long incubation time followed by rapid nucleation regime. A series of numerical simulations presented supports this conclusion.
Crystal structure of hexaaqua-{(E)-N′-(1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)isonicotinohydrazide-κ3
N,N′,O}praseodym(III) trichloride monohydrate, C12H25Cl3N5O8Pr
Authors: Yan Lingling , Yang Peng , Zhi Guanghui
Published: July 2018

C12H25Cl3N5O8Pr, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.4800(10) Å, b = 9.9591(12) Å, c = 12.4897(143) Å, α = 88.855(2)°, β = 76.897(2)°, γ = 89.182(2)°, V = 1148.2(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0372, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0918, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of methyl 4-(4-bromophenyl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate, C20H22BrNO3
Authors: Ren Tao-Wen , Xiao Xing-Peng , Li Bai-Yu , Zhao Yu-Mei , Peng Shao-Peng
Published: July 2018

C20H22BrNO3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.597(2) Å, b = 18.236(5) Å, c = 11.640(3) Å, β = 111.355(5)°, V = 1897.3(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0497, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1240, T = 296(2) K.
Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB 1280) „Extinktionslernen“
Authors: Güntürkün Onur , Timmann-Braun Dagmar
Published: July 2018

Im Juli 2017 etablierte die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft an den Standorten Bochum, Essen, Dortmund und Marburg den SFB 1280. Ziel der Forschung des SFB ist die Aufklärung der lerntheoretischen, behavioralen, neuralen, immunologischen, genetischen und klinischen Mechanismen des Extinktionslernens – der komplexesten Form des Lernens. Dieser umfassende Ansatz ist notwendig, um die verschiedenen Facetten des Extinktionslernens zu identifizieren und somit grundlagenwissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse in klinische Anwendungen zu überführen. Mit 60 % der Projekte ist die Ruhr-Universität Bochum Sprecherhochschule (Sprecher: Prof. Dr. Onur Güntürkün). Der zweitgrößte Teilverbund kommt aus der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Duisburg-Essen (stellvertretende Sprecherin: Prof. Dr. Dagmar Timmann-Braun). Weitere beteiligte Institutionen sind das Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung an der TU Dortmund sowie das Institut für Psychologie der Philipps-Universität Marburg.