bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wild and domesticated Moringa oleifera differ in taste, glucosinolate composition, and antioxidant potential, but not myrosinase activity or protein content
Authors: Chodur Gwen M. , Olson Mark E. , Wade Kristina L. , Stephenson Katherine K. , Nouman Wasif , Garima  , Fahey Jed W.
Published: May 2018

Taste drives consumption of foods. The tropical tree Moringa oleifera is grown worldwide as a protein-rich leafy vegetable and for the medicinal value of its phytochemicals, in particular its glucosinolates, which can lead to a pronounced harsh taste. All studies to date have examined only cultivated, domestic variants, meaning that potentially useful variation in wild type plants has been overlooked. We examine whether domesticated and wild type M. oleifera differ in myrosinase or glucosinolate levels, and whether these different levels impact taste in ways that could affect consumption. We assessed taste and measured levels of protein, glucosinolate, myrosinase content, and direct antioxidant activity of the leaves of 36 M. oleifera accessions grown in a common garden. Taste tests readily highlighted differences between wild type and domesticated M. oleifera. There were differences in direct antioxidant potential, but not in myrosinase activity or protein quantity. However, these two populations were readily separated based solely upon their proportions of the two predominant glucosinolates (glucomoringin and glucosoonjnain). This study demonstrates substantial variation in glucosinolate composition within M. oleifera. The domestication of M. oleifera appears to have involved increases in levels of glucomoringin and substantial reduction of glucosoonjnain, with marked changes in taste.
The Developmental Process of the Growing Motile Ciliary Tip Region
Authors: Reynolds Matthew J. , Phetruen Tanaporn , Fisher Rebecca L. , Chen Ke , Pentecost Brian T. , Gomez George , Ounjai Puey , Sui Haixin
Published: May 2018

Eukaryotic motile cilia/flagella play vital roles in various physiological processes in mammals and some protists. Defects in cilia formation underlie multiple human disorders, known as ciliopathies. The detailed processes of cilia growth and development are still far from clear despite extensive studies. In this study, we characterized the process of cilium formation (ciliogenesis) by investigating the newly developed motile cilia of deciliated protists using complementary techniques in electron microscopy and image analysis. Our results demonstrated that the distal tip region of motile cilia exhibit progressive morphological changes as cilia develop. This developmental process is time-dependent and continues after growing cilia reach their full lengths. The structural analysis of growing ciliary tips revealed that B-tubules of axonemal microtubule doublets terminate far away from the tip end, which is led by the flagellar tip complex (FTC), demonstrating that the FTC might not directly mediate the fast turnover of intraflagellar transport (IFT).
Peatland vegetation composition and phenology drive the seasonal trajectory of maximum gross primary production
Authors: Peichl Matthias , Gažovič Michal , Vermeij Ilse , de Goede Eefje , Sonnentag Oliver , Limpens Juul , Nilsson Mats B.
Published: May 2018

Gross primary production (GPP) is a key driver of the peatland carbon cycle. Although many studies have explored the apparent GPP under natural light conditions, knowledge of the maximum GPP at light-saturation (GPPmax) and its spatio-temporal variation is limited. This information, however, is crucial since GPPmaxessentially constrains the upper boundary for apparent GPP. Using chamber measurements combined with an external light source across experimental plots where vegetation composition was altered through long-term (20-year) nitrogen addition and artificial warming, we could quantify GPPmaxin-situand disentangle its biotic and abiotic controls in a boreal peatland. We found large spatial and temporal variations in the magnitudes of GPPmaxwhich were related to vegetation species composition and phenology rather than abiotic factors. Specifically, we identified vegetation phenology as the main driver of the seasonal GPPmaxtrajectory. Abiotic anomalies (i.e. in air temperature and water table level), however, caused species-specific divergence between the trajectories of GPPmaxand plant development. Our study demonstrates that photosynthetically active biomass constrains the potential peatland photosynthesis while abiotic factors act as secondary modifiers. This further calls for a better representation of species-specific vegetation phenology in process-based peatland models to improve predictions of global change impacts on the peatland carbon cycle.
Paddy-upland rotation for sustainable agriculture with regards to diverse soil microbial community
Authors: Hou Ping-Fu , Chien Chia-Hung , Chiang-Hsieh Yi-Fan , Tseng Kuan-Chieh , Chow Chi-Nga , Huang Hao-Jen , Chang Wen-Chi
Published: May 2018

Diverse soil microbial community is determinant for sustainable agriculture. Rich microbial diversity has presumably improved soil health for economic crops to grow. In this work, the benefits of paddy-upland rotation on soil microbial diversity and specific microbes are thus intensively explored. The microbiome from multiple factor experiment (three fertilizations coupled with two rotation systems) were investigated by novel enrichment and co-occurrence analysis in a field well maintained for 25 years. Using next-generation sequencing technique, we firstly present explicit evidence that different rotation systems rather than fertilizations mightily governed the soil microbiome. Paddy-upland rotation (R1) obviously increase more microbial diversity than upland rotation (R2) whether organic (OF), chemical (CF) or integrated fertilizers (IF) were concomitantly applied. Besides, the specific bacterial composition dominated in OF soil is more similar to that of R1 than to CF, suggesting that paddy-upland rotation might be the best option for sustainable agriculture if chemical fertilizer is still required. Interestingly, the pot bioassay verified clearly the novel analysis prediction, illustrating that greater microbial diversity and specific microbial composition correlated significantly with disease resistance. This finding highlights the eminence of paddy-upland rotation in promoting microbial diversity and specific microbial compositions, preserving soil health for sustainable agriculture.
Exercise activates the PI3K-AKT signal pathway by decreasing the expression of 5α-reductase type 1 in PCOS rats
Authors: Wu Chuyan , Jiang Feng , Wei Ke , Jiang Zhongli
Published: May 2018

Hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia are main clinical endocrine features of PCOS. Exercise can adjust the androgen level, as well as increase the sensitivity of insulin by activating PI3K-Akt insulin signaling pathways. 5αR1 has certain effects on insulin resistance and can synthesize dihydrotestosterone by metabolizing testosterone. So 5αR1 may be the target of androgen and insulin for exercise-induced regulation. To investigate the role of 5αR1 in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of PCOS rats activated by exercise, fifty-four female rats were randomly divided into the PCOS group (n = 42) and the control group(n = 12). After injection of testosterone propionate for 28 days, the remaining 36 rats in the PCOS group were randomly assigned to six groups: the sedentary group (PS, n = 6), sedentary and 5αRI (5α-reductase inhibitor) group (PS + RI, n = 6), sedentary and 5αR2I (5α-reductase type 2 selective inhibitor) group (PS + R2I, n = 6), exercise group (PE, n = 6), exercise and 5αRI group (PE + RI, n = 6), and exercise and 5αR2I group (PE + R2I, n = 6). The rats undergoing exercise were trained to swim for 14 days. Finasteride (5α-reductase type 2 selective inhibitor) and dutasteride (5α-reductase inhibitor) were administered once daily and were dosed based on weight. At the end, the expression of 5αR1 proteins, the phosphorylation level of PI3K and AKT, were determined by Western blot. The PCOS non-exercise group and the PE + RI group displayed significantly lower phosphorylation of Akt, PI3K p85 and GLUT4 expression, while in the PE + R2I group, the level of Akt phosphorylation and PI3K p85 expression was significantly higher than that of the PCOS non-exercise group and the PE + RI group. In summary, our study demonstrated that exercise can activate the PI3K/AKT signal pathway of PCOS rats by decreasing the expression of 5αR1.
The COOH-terminal domain of huntingtin interacts with RhoGEF kalirin and modulates cell survival
Authors: McClory Hollis , Wang Xiaolong , Sapp Ellen , Gatune Leah W. , Iuliano Maria , Wu Chiu-Yi , Nathwani Gina , Kegel-Gleason Kimberly B. , DiFiglia Marian , Li Xueyi
Published: May 2018

Human huntingtin (Htt) contains 3144 amino acids and has an expanded polyglutamine region near the NH2-terminus in patients with Huntington’s disease. While numerous binding partners have been identified to NH2-terminal Htt, fewer proteins are known to interact with C-terminal domains of Htt. Here we report that kalirin, a Rac1 activator, is a binding partner to C-terminal Htt. Kalirin and Htt co-precipitated from mouse brain endosomes and co-localized at puncta in NRK and immortalized striatal cells and primary cortical neurons. We mapped the interaction domains to kalirin674-1272 and Htt2568-3144 and determined that the interaction between kalirin and Htt was independent of HAP1, a known interactor for Htt and kalirin. Kalirin precipitated with mutant Htt was more abundant than with wild-type Htt and had a reduced capacity to activate Rac1 when mutant Htt was present. Expression of Htt2568-3144 caused cytotoxicity, partially rescued by co-expressing kalirin674-1272 but not other regions of kalirin. Our study suggests that the interaction of kalirin with the C-terminal region of Htt influences the function of kalirin and modulates the cytotoxicity induced by C-terminal Htt.
Hydrogen protects lung from hypoxia/re-oxygenation injury by reducing hydroxyl radical production and inhibiting inflammatory responses
Authors: Chen Meihong , Zhang Jie , Chen Yun , Qiu Yan , Luo Zi , Zhao Sixia , Du Lei , Tian Dongbo
Published: May 2018

Here we investigated whether hydrogen can protect the lung from chronic injury induced by hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R). We developed a mouse model in which H/R exposure triggered clinically typical lung injury, involving increased alveolar wall thickening, infiltration by neutrophils, consolidation, alveolar hemorrhage, increased levels of inflammatory factors and recruitment of M1 macrophages. All these processes were attenuated in the presence of H2. We found that H/R-induced injury in our mouse model was associated with production of hydroxyl radicals as well as increased levels of colony-stimulating factors and circulating leukocytes. H2 attenuated H/R-induced production of hydroxyl radicals, up-regulation of colony-stimulating factors, and recruitment of neutrophils and M1 macrophages to lung tissues. However, H2 did not substantially affect the H/R-induced increase in erythropoietin or pulmonary artery remodeling. Our results suggest that H2 ameliorates H/R-induced lung injury by inhibiting hydroxyl radical production and inflammation in lungs. It may also prevent colony-stimulating factors from mobilizing progenitors in response to H/R-induced injury.
Increasing Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair efficiency through covalent tethering of DNA repair template
Authors: Aird Eric J. , Lovendahl Klaus N. , St. Martin Amber , Harris Reuben S. , Gordon Wendy R.
Published: May 2018

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful genome-editing tool in which a guide RNA targets Cas9 to a site in the genome, where the Cas9 nuclease then induces a double-stranded break (DSB). The potential of CRISPR-Cas9 to deliver precise genome editing is hindered by the low efficiency of homology-directed repair (HDR), which is required to incorporate a donor DNA template encoding desired genome edits near the DSB. We present a strategy to enhance HDR efficiency by covalently tethering a single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (ssODN) to the Cas9-guide RNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex via a fused HUH endonuclease, thus spatially and temporally co-localizing the DSB machinery and donor DNA. We demonstrate up to a 30-fold enhancement of HDR using several editing assays, including repair of a frameshift and in-frame insertions of protein tags. The improved HDR efficiency is observed in multiple cell types and target loci and is more pronounced at low RNP concentrations.
Selective cold pain inhibition by targeted block of TRPM8-expressing neurons with quaternary lidocaine derivative QX-314
Authors: Ongun Serra , Sarkisian Angela , McKemy David D.
Published: May 2018

Treatment of pain with local anesthetics leads to an unfavorable decrease in general sensory acuity due to their indiscriminate block of both pain sensing (nociceptors) and non-pain sensing nerves. However, the cell impermeant lidocaine derivative QX-314 can be selectively targeted to only nociceptors by permeation through ligand-gated cation channels. Here we show that localized injection of QX-314 with agonists for the menthol receptor TRPM8 specifically blocks cold-evoked behaviors in mice, including cold allodynia and hyperalgesia. Remarkably, cooling stimuli also promotes QX-314-mediated inhibition of cold behaviors, and can be used to block cold allodynia, while retaining relatively normal cold sensation. The effects of both agonist and thermally evoked uptake of QX-314 are TRPM8-dependent, results demonstrating an effective approach to treat localized cold pain without altering general somatosensation.
Strategies for directing cells into building functional hearts and parts
Authors: Jafarkhani Mahboubeh , Salehi Zeinab , Kowsari-Esfahan Reza , Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali , Rezaa Mohammadi M. , Rajadas Jayakumar , Mozafari Masoud
Published: May 2018

This review presents the current state-of-the-art, emerging directions and future trends to direct cells for building functional heart parts.
The role of redox hopping in metal–organic framework electrocatalysis
Authors: Lin Shaoyang , Usov Pavel M. , Morris Amanda J.
Published: May 2018

A perspective on redox hopping charge transport through metal organic frameworks and its role in driving efficient electrocatalysis.
In situ identification of cation-exchange-induced reversible transformations of 3D and 2D perovskites
Authors: Huang Weixin , Sadhu Subha , Sapkota Pitambar , Ptasinska Sylwia
Published: May 2018

In situ XPS analysis shows that reversible transformation of 3D–2D perovskites can occur through post-synthetic introduction of foreign cations.
Synthesis of a superparamagnetic ultrathin FeCO3 nanorods–enzyme bionanohybrid as a novel heterogeneous catalyst
Authors: Benavente Rocio , Lopez-Tejedor David , Palomo Jose M.
Published: May 2018

A novel superparamagnetic ultrathin FeCO3 nanorods–enzyme bionanohybrid heterogeneous catalyst has been developed.
Synthesis and structural characterization of the first neptunium based metal–organic frameworks incorporating {Np6O8} hexanuclear clusters
Authors: Martin N. P. , März J. , Feuchter H. , Duval S. , Roussel P. , Henry N. , Ikeda-Ohno A. , Loiseau T. , Volkringer C.
Published: May 2018

The synthesis of the first transuranium Metal–Organic Frameworks (TRU-MOFs) is reported here.
Palladium-catalyzed cocyclotrimerization of arynes with a pyramidalized alkene
Authors: Alonso José M. , Quiroga Sabela , Codony Sandra , Turcu Andreea L. , Barniol-Xicota Marta , Pérez Dolores , Guitián Enrique , Vázquez Santiago , Peña Diego
Published: May 2018

A pyramidalized alkene and diverse arynes are generated in the presence of a Pd-catalyst to afford [2+2+2] cocycloaddition products.
Correction: Impact of water quality parameters on bacteria inactivation by low-voltage electroporation: mechanism and control
Authors: Huo Zheng-Yang , Li Guo-Qiang , Yu Tong , Lu Yun , Sun Hao , Wu Yin-Hu , Yu Cecilia , Xie Xing , Hu Hong-Ying
Published: May 2018

Correction for ‘Impact of water quality parameters on bacteria inactivation by low-voltage electroporation: mechanism and control’ by Zheng-Yang Huo et al., Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c8ew00041g.
Hydrodeoxygenation of biomass-derived oxygenates over metal carbides: from model surfaces to powder catalysts
Authors: Lin Zhexi , Chen Rui , Qu Zhenping , Chen Jingguang G.
Published: May 2018

Transition metal carbides are promising catalysts for upgrading biomass derivativesviathe hydrodeoxygenation reaction.
Antitumor effects of melanin fromLachnumYM226 and its derivative in H22 tumor-bearing mice
Authors: Shi Fang , Li Jinglei , Ye Ziyang , Yang Liuqing , Chen Tingting , Chen Xue , Ye Ming
Published: May 2018

LM and ALM showed notable antitumor effect in H22 tumor-bearing mice and ALM was more effective.
A non-volatile “programmable” transparent multilevel ultra-violet perovskite photodetector
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Kim Hong-Sik , Park Dae Young , Jeong Mun Seok , Kim Joondong
Published: May 2018

Due to their outstanding physical properties, perovskite materials are considered to be promising semiconductors for next-generation optoelectronics.
Near-infrared-triggered antibacterial and antifungal photodynamic therapy based on lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Yuxiang , Huang Ping , Wang Dong , Chen Jincan , Liu Wenzhen , Hu Ping , Huang Mingdong , Chen Xueyuan , Chen Zhuo
Published: May 2018

A nanocomposite coupled with a photosensitizer (CPZ) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) based on LiYF4:Yb/Er upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) was developed for efficient antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.
Alcohol based vapor annealing of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) layer for performance improvement of inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Liu Guanchen , Xie Xiaoyin , Liu Zhihai , Cheng Guanjian , Lee Eun-Cheol
Published: May 2018

We introduced alcohol based vapor annealing of the hole transport layer for fabricating high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells.
Elaboration of antimicrobial polymeric materials by dispersion of well-defined amphiphilic methacrylic SG1-based copolymers
Authors: Benkhaled Belkacem Tarek , Hadiouch Slim , Olleik Hamza , Perrier Josette , Ysacco Cedric , Guillaneuf Yohann , Gigmes Didier , Maresca Marc , Lefay Catherine
Published: May 2018

Towards a versatile and easy method of elaboration of solid polymeric antimicrobial materials.
Highly sensitive ethylene glycol-doped PEDOT–PSS organic thin films for LPG sensing
Authors: Pasha Apsar , Khasim Syed , Al-Hartomy Omar A. , Lakshmi Mohana , Manjunatha K. G.
Published: May 2018

In this study, for the first time we report the fabrication of low-cost ethylene glycol (EG)-doped PEDOT–PSS (poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrene sulfonate) organic thin film sensors for the detection of LPG at room temperature.
Duckweed systems for eutrophic water purification through converting wastewater nutrients to high-starch biomass: comparative evaluation of three different genera (Spirodela polyrhiza, Lemna minor and Landoltia punctata) in monoculture or polyculture
Authors: Chen Guoke , Fang Yang , Huang Jun , Zhao Yonggui , Li Qi , Lai Fan , Xu Yaliang , Tian Xueping , He Kaize , Jin Yanling , Tan Li , Zhao Hai
Published: May 2018

This study provides a new insight into the application of duckweed in eutrophic water advanced treatment and starch production.
Role of reactant concentration and identity of added cation in controlling emission from post-synthetically modified terbium incorporated zinc sulfide nanoparticles: an avenue for the detection of lead(ii) cations
Authors: Rudra Saoni , Debnath Gouranga H. , Mukherjee Prasun
Published: May 2018

Reactant concentration and the identity of the added cation control the emission in post-synthetically modified terbium incorporated zinc sulfide nanoparticles.
Improving charge transport by the ultrathin QDs interlayer in polymer solar cells
Authors: Li Zicha , Zhao Suling , Xu Zheng , Swelm Wageh , Song Dandan , Qiao Bo , Zhao Jiao , Liu Jingli , Yuan Binbin , Xu Xinyu
Published: May 2018

Lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) have been incorporated into PTB7:PC71BM BHJ active layers to fabricate polymer solar cells (PSCs) and gather on the top surface of active layers to form an ultrathin interlayer.
Efficient preparation of crack-free, low-density and transparent polymethylsilsesquioxane aerogels via ambient pressure drying and surface modification
Authors: Li Tiemin , Du Ai , Zhang Ting , Ding Wenhui , Liu Mingfang , Shen Jun , Zhang Zhihua , Zhou Bin
Published: May 2018

A low-density (48 mg cm−3) polymethylsilsesquioxane aerogel was prepared by ambient pressure drying and surface modification.
Correction: Novel azobenzene-based amphiphilic copolymers: synthesis, self-assembly behavior and multiple-stimuli-responsive properties
Authors: Xu Yiting , Cao Jie , Li Qi , Li Jilu , He Kaiwei , Shen Tong , Liu Xinyu , Yuan Conghui , Zeng Birong , Dai Lizong
Published: May 2018

Correction for ‘Novel azobenzene-based amphiphilic copolymers: synthesis, self-assembly behavior and multiple-stimuli-responsive properties’ by Yiting Xu et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 16103–16113.
Automated separation of immiscible liquids using an optically monitored porous capillary
Authors: Bannock James H. , Lui Tsz Yin (Martin) , Turner Simon T. , deMello John C.
Published: May 2018

We report a fully automated system for the efficient microscale separation of immiscible liquids.
A multi-step continuous flow synthesis of the cystic fibrosis medicine ivacaftor
Authors: Vasudevan N. , Sharma Mrityunjay K. , Reddy D. Srinivasa , Kulkarni Amol A.
Published: May 2018

A continuous flow ozonolysis method combined with a multi-step flow sequence is developed for the synthesis of the drug ivacaftor for the first time.
Dehydrogenative coupling of 4-substituted pyridines mediated by a zirconium(ii) synthon: reaction pathways and dead ends
Authors: Merz Lukas S. , Wadepohl Hubert , Clot Eric , Gade Lutz H.
Published: May 2018

The mechanism of the reductive homocoupling of pyridine derivatives mediated by the ZrII synthon [(PNP)Zr(η6-toluene)Cl] (1) has been investigated.
Curved π-conjugated corannulene dimer diradicaloids
Authors: Wang Qing , Hu Pan , Tanaka Takayuki , Gopalakrishna Tullimilli Y. , Herng Tun Seng , Phan Hoa , Zeng Wangdong , Ding Jun , Osuka Atsuhiro , Chi Chunyan , Siegel Jay , Wu Jishan
Published: May 2018

Curved π-conjugated diradicaloids based on bridged corannulene dimers were synthesized, showing 3D spin delocalization and global aromaticity for their dianions.
A supramolecular radical cation: folding-enhanced electrostatic effect for promoting radical-mediated oxidation
Authors: Tang Bohan , Li Wan-Lu , Jiao Yang , Lu Jun-Bo , Xu Jiang-Fei , Wang Zhiqiang , Li Jun , Zhang Xi
Published: May 2018

A supramolecular strategy to fabricate a highly activated radical cation, leading to over 100 times acceleration of radical-mediated Fenton oxidation.
Engineering multi-chambered carbon nanospheres@carbon as efficient sulfur hosts for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wu Shikui , Cao Qun , Wang Minjie , Yu Tengfei , Wang Huanyun , Lu Sha
Published: May 2018

An optimized structure of core–shell carbon encapsulated multi-chambered carbon nanospheres (MCCN@C) was developed for a Li–S host material.
Intrinsic composition and electronic effects of multicomponent platinum nanocatalysts with high activity and selectivity for ethanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Dai Lin-Xiu , Wang Xin-Yu , Yang Sheng-Song , Zhang Tao , Ren Peng-Ju , Ye Jin-Yu , Nan Bing , Wen Xiao-Dong , Zhou Zhi-You , Si Rui , Yan Chun-Hua , Zhang Ya-Wen
Published: May 2018

There exists a volcano-shaped composition–activity relationship for ternary Pt–Rh-based nanoalloys in the ethanol electrooxidation reaction.
High-performance yellow- and orange-emitting diodes based on novel sublimable cationic iridium(iii) complexes by ligand control
Authors: Ma Dongxin , Liu Ruihuan , Qiu Yong , Duan Lian
Published: May 2018

High-performance yellow and orange luminescence is achieved using novel sublimable cationic iridium(iii) complexes with bulky cyclometalated ligands.
Knockdown of Rab7a suppresses the proliferation, migration, and xenograft tumor growth of breast cancer cells
Authors: Xie Jiming , Yan Yan , Liu Fang , Kang Hongbin , Xu Fengying , Xiao Weili , Wang Haiyan , Wang Yuzhen
Published: May 2018

Breast cancer is a common invasive cancer in women. Ras-related protein Rab-7a (Rab7a) is involved in late endocytic trafficking, while its role in breast cancer is largely unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of Rab7a in breast cancer. Comparing with adjacent breast tissues, Rab7a expression was increased in breast cancer tissues. Using lentivirus-mediated knockdown strategy, we found that Rab7a silencing inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of MDA-MB-231 cells. Apoptosis and G2 cell cycle arrest were induced in Rab7a knockdown. By contrast, Rab7a suppressed the apoptosis and promoted proliferation and colony formation of MCF-7 cells. The migration of MDA-MB-231 cells was suppressed by Rab7a knockdown. In vivo, depletion of Rab7a inhibited the xenograft tumor development of MDA-MB-231 cells. Altogether, our results highlight the novel function of Rab7a in the proliferation, invasion, and xenograft tumor development of breast cancer cells.
Fast AC reactor‐based fault current limiters application in distribution network
Authors: Radmanesh Hamid , Fathi Seyed Hamid
Published: May 2018

Almost all of the fault current limiters (FCLs) have a negligible voltage drop during normal operation mode of the power system and show considerable impedance during the fault period. In addition, the most of the FCLs employ a reactor to limit the fault current, which carrying a DC current and named DC reactor‐based FCL (DRFCL) or carrying AC current named AC reactor‐based FCL (ARFCL). Here, a novel ARFCL is introduced for radial distribution networks protection. Then, the ARFCL performance on the limitation of the fault current is compared with DRFCL in a simple radial distribution network. The MATLAB software is used to simulate both FCLs performance and their effect on the fault current. The laboratory prototype of the ARFCL is built and tested for the evaluation of the ARFCL performance during normal and fault operation modes. The simulation and experimental results show the superiority of ARFCL to control the fault current, fast, and set the point of common coupling voltage in an acceptable range.
Improved droop control based on virtual reactance for battery cycle life equalisation management in microgrid
Authors: Zhou Tianpei , Sun Wei
Published: May 2018

In microgrid with distributed energy storage, the line reactance of each distributed energy resource (DER) is not same due to their different distance far from the loads. This will lead to the ageing rate of every battery to be not consistent. Some of the batteries first appear ageing, the rest of the battery also quickly ages if these ageing batteries are not replaced in time. This will eventually make the whole microgrid cannot work properly. To solve this problem, the idea is inspired by V‐shape formation of a flock of birds. The equalisation of line reactance between each DER is achieved through adopting improved droop control based on virtual reactance, and the equalisation of the cycle life of batteries is achieved by weighted factor for power rating method based on hierarchical control. Compared with the method without virtual reactance control, the cycle life of batteries is extended by 80% after using the proposed method.
Distributed virtual inertia control and stability analysis of dc microgrid
Authors: Zhu Xiaorong , Xie Zhiyun , Jing Shuzhi , Ren Hui
Published: May 2018

A dc microgrid is a low inertia system dominated by power converters. As a result, the change rate of the dc voltage is very fast under power variation. In this study, a distributed virtual inertia control is proposed to enhance the inertia of the dc microgrid and decrease the change rate of the dc voltage. The inertia of the dc microgrid can be enhanced by the kinetic energy in the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG)‐based wind turbine, the energy stored in batteries and the energy from the utility grid. By introducing a virtual inertia control coefficient, a general expression of the inertial power provided by each controllable power sources is defined. The proposed inertia control is simply a first‐order inertia loop and is implemented in the grid‐connected converter, the battery interfaced converter and the PMSG interfaced converter, respectively. The small‐signal model of the dc microgrid with the proposed inertia control is established. The range of virtual inertia control coefficient is determined through stability analysis. Finally, a typical dc microgrid is built and simulated in Matlab/Simulink, and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and correctness of the stability analysis are verified.
Transient monitoring function‐based islanding detection in power distribution network
Authors: Dubey Rahul , Popov Marjan , Samantaray Subhransu Ranjan
Published: May 2018

Islanding detection in distributed generation (DG) interfaced to the microgrid is a key criterion for safety and power quality of the power system. This study proposes a transient monitoring function (TMF)‐based islanding detection technique, which distinguishes between various islanding and non‐islanding conditions in an inverter‐based DG. Initially, the voltage samples of each phase retrieved at the target DG location are processed through Fourier–Taylor transformation (FTT). The TMF is the difference between the estimated voltage samples regenerated from the FTT and the actual sample values. Finally, the TMF index for islanding detection is computed by combining each phase TMF. Based on simulations carried out in PSCAD/EMTDC environment, the performance of the proposed method is examined in various critical conditions. Therefore, the proposed method provides generalised solution irrespective of active and reactive power mismatch and thus enhancing the non‐detection zone. The proposed TMF‐based anti‐islanding relay is highly efficient and satisfies the speed criteria of the relaying function in performing the task.
Electroweak Decays of Highly Charged Ions
Authors: Singh Sidhu Ragandeep , Glorius J. , Litvinov Yu. A. , Pavićević M. K. , Sanjari M. S. , Stöhlker T.
Published: May 2018

In this contribution we review the present status of experimental studies of electroweak decays of highly charged ions. A particular focus will be given on the bound state beta decay measurement of 205Tl.
Pairing correlations and symmetries in odd-A nuclei.
Authors: Egido J. Luis , Borrajo Marta
Published: May 2018

The pairing correlations in odd-A nuclei are analyzed in the mean field approximation and beyond. In particular the role of symmetry conservation is investigated. We find that particle number projection after the variation (PN-PAV) has little effect on the pairing correlations specially in the weak pairing regime. This is in contrast to the variation after particle number projection (PN-VAP) approach where a strong effect is found. The situation is specially critical in odd nuclei because the pairing correlations vanish due to the blocking effect and the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov wave function collapses to the Hartree-Fock one. The PN-VAP, however, handles perfectly the exact blocking providing highly correlated wave functions. The role of the angular momentum projection is studied only in the PAV approach. We find small changes of the pairing correlation, at least at small angular momentum. In the calculations we use the Gogny interaction well suited to this kind of studies.
Recent progress of the sign problem in the Onishi formula
Authors: Shimizu Noritaka , Mizusaki Takahiro , Oi Makito
Published: May 2018

The Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) method is one of the major methods to study a nuclear wave function. We discuss the sign problem in the Onishi formula, which emerges in calculating the overlap between two HFB wave functions. The origin of this problem is elucidated by expanding the overlap as a polynomial function. This article is based on Ref.[1].
Pushing the limits of excited-state g-factor measurements
Authors: Stuchbery Andrew E. , McCormick Brendan P. , Gray Timothy J. , Coombes Ben J.
Published: May 2018

Current developments in excited-state g-factor measurements are discussed with an emphasis on cases where the experimental methodology is being extended into new regimes. The transient-field technique, the recoil in vacuum method, and moment measurements with LaBr3 detectors are discussed.
Collective states and shape coexistence in the Z = 50 region
Authors: Garrett Paul E.
Published: May 2018

Shape coexistence was established in the Sn and Cd nuclei, and in the odd mass In and Sb nuclei, some time ago but firm evidence has been lacking for its presence at low spin in the Te nuclei. However, strong circumstantial evidence exists, and recent highly-sensitive γ-ray spectroscopic studies have observed transitions for candidate rotational 2+ band members in 122Te and 124Te.
Vibrational modes of light nuclei
Authors: Fortunato Lorenzo
Published: May 2018

A potential energy surface is constructed for various light nuclei, 3,4He with the Argonne V18 potential and then for alpha- conjugate nuclei like 12C,16O, 20Ne with α – α potentials. Despite the nucleons have large momenta and large fluctuations around the equilibrium points, the minimization suggests the underlying geometric structure. We calculate the Hessian matrix determining the normal modes of vibration. This approach might lead to a new way of fitting the alpha-alpha interactions on the spectroscopic data available for alpha-conjugate nuclei, rather than on scattering phase shift.
New nuclear structure data beyond 136Sn
Authors: Lozeva Radomira
Published: May 2018

Exotic nuclei beyond the 132Sn double shell-closure are influenced by both the Sn superfluity and the evolving collectivity only few nucleons away. Toward even more neutron-rich nuclei, especially at intermediate mass number, the interplay between single-particle and collective particle-hole excitations competes. In some cases with the extreme addition of neutrons also other effects as the formation of neutron skin, stabilization as sub-shell gaps or orbital crossings may be expected. The knowledge of nuclear ingredients is especially interesting beyond 132Sn and little is known on how the excitation modes develop with the addition of both protons and neutrons and for example systematic prompt and decay studies can be such very sensitive probe. Recently, we have approached this region of nuclei in several experimental measurements following 238U projectile fission on 9Be and n-induced fission on 241Pu and 235U. Consistent data analysis allows to access various spins and excitation energies and provide new input to theory. Examples from these studies on several nuclei in the A~140 region were presented during the conference together with the possible interpretation of the new data. Here, we will illustrate one example on 136I using two complementary data sets.
High-K Isomers in Light Superheavy Nuclei by PNC-CSM method
Authors: He Xiao-Tao
Published: May 2018

The high-K isomeric states in light superheavy nuclei around A = 250 mass region are investigated by the Cranked Shell Model (CSM) with pairing treated by a Particle-Number Conserving (PNC) method. With including the higher-order deformation ε6, both of the high–K multi-particle state energies and the rotational bands in 254No and N = 150 isotone are reproduced well. The isomeric state energies and the microscopic mechanism of kinematic moment of inertia variations versus rotational frequency are discussed. The irregularity of the two-neutron Kπ = 8- state band at ħω ≈ 0:17 in 252No is caused by the configuration mixing with the two-proton Kπ = 8- band. .
Investigation of excited 0+ states in 160Er populated via the (p, t) two-neutron transfer reaction
Authors: Burbadge C. , Garrett P.E. , Ball G.C. , Bildstein V. , Diaz Varela A. , Dunlop M.R. , Dunlop R. , Faesternann T. , Hertenberger R. , Jamieson D.S. , Kisliuk D. , Leach K.G. , Loranger J. , MacLean A.D. , Radich A.J. , Rand E.T. , Svensson C.E. , Triambak S. , Wirth H.-F.
Published: May 2018

Many efforts have been made in nuclear structure physics to interpret the nature of low-lying excited 0+ states in well-deformed rare-earth nuclei. However, one of the difficulties in resolving the nature of these states is that there is a paucity of data. In this work, excited 0+ states in the N = 92 nucleus 160Er were studied via the 162Er(p, t)160Er two-neutron transfer reaction, which is ideal for probing 0+ → 0+ transitions, at the Maier-Leibnitz-Laboratorium in Garching, Germany. Reaction products were momentum-analyzed with a Quadrupole-3-Dipole magnetic spectrograph. The 0+2 state was observed to be strongly populated with 18% of the ground state strength.
Study of photon strength functions via (γ→, γ′, γ″) reactions at the γ3-setup
Authors: Isaak Johann , Savran Deniz , Beck Tobias , Gayer Udo , Krishichayan  , Löher Bastian , Pietralla Norbert , Scheck Marcus , Tornow Werner , Werner Volker , Zilges Andreas
Published: May 2018

One of the basic ingredients for the modelling of the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements are so-called photon strength functions and the assumption of the Brink-Axel hypothesis. This hypothesis has been studied for many years by numerous experiments using different and complementary reactions. The present manuscript aims to introduce a model-independent approach to study photon strength functions via γ-γ coincidence spectroscopy of photoexcited states in 128Te. The experimental results provide evidence that the photon strength function extracted from photoabsorption cross sections is not in an overall agreement with the one determined from direct transitions to low-lying excited states.
Systematics of the electric dipole response in stable tin isotopes
Authors: Bassauer Sergej , von Neumann-Cosel Peter , Tamii Atsushi
Published: May 2018

The electric dipole is an important property of heavy nuclei. Precise information on the electric dipole response provides information on the electric dipole polarisability which in turn allows to extract important constraints on neutron-skin thickness in heavy nuclei and parameters of the symmetry energy. The tin isotope chain is particularly suited for a systematic study of the dependence of the electric dipole response on neutron excess as it provides a wide mass range of accessible isotopes with little change of the underlying structure. Recently an inelastic proton scattering experiment under forward angles including 0º on 112,116,124Sn was performed at the Research Centre for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Japan with a focus on the low-energy dipole strength and the polarisability. First results are presented here. Using data from an earlier proton scattering experiment on 120Sn the gamma strength function and level density are determined for this nucleus.
Systematic Studies on the β-decay Half-lives of r-process Nuclei
Authors: Li Zhihong , Zhou Yong , Li XinYue , Wang Youbao , Guo Bing , Nan Ding , Liu Weiping
Published: May 2018

Based on the accurate macroscopic-microscopic mass formula and the experimental data of β-decay half-lives of the nuclei with atomic number ranging from 20 to 190, a systematic formula has been proposed to calculate β-decay half-lives of neutron-rich nuclei. The formula is proved to reproduce the experimental β-decay half-lives of neutron-rich nuclei very well, and then is used to study the r-process nucleosynthesis in models of high-entropy mass outflows. The calculated abundances show a good agreement with the solar r-abundances around the third peak and the rare earth mass region.
On the nature of the shape coexistence and the quantum phase transition phenomena: lead region and Zr isotopes
Authors: García-Ramos José-Enrique , Heyde Kris
Published: May 2018

The goal of this contribution is to analyze the connection between shape coexistence and quantum phase transition, two seemingly unrelated phenomena that share common aspects, namely, the rapid change in the ground state structure along an isotope chain or the presence of several minima at the mean-field level. To illustrate the similarities and differences between both phenomena, we will focus in the Pb region, in particular in Pt and Hg isotopes, as well as in Zr isotopes.
Does Compound Nucleus remember its Isospin- An Evidence from the Fission Widths
Authors: Garg Swati , Jain Ashok Kumar
Published: May 2018

We present an evidence of isospin effects in nuclear fission by comparing the fission widths for reactions involving different isospin states of the same compound nucleus (CN). Yadrovsky [1] suggested this possibility in 1975. Yadrovsky obtained the fission widths for two reaction data sets, namely 206Pb(α,f) and 209Bi(p,f), both leading to same CN, and concluded that “a nucleus remembers the isospin value of the nuclear states leading to fission”. We obtain the fission decay widths for both the T0 + ½ and T0 − ½ states of CN by using two appropriate reaction data sets. We then compare the fission widths for the two isospin states of CN. More specifically, we have chosen the combination of 206Pb(α,f) and 209Bi(p,f) same as presented in Yadrovsky’s paper [1] in this study. A significant difference between the ratios of fission decay widths to total decay widths for different isospin values suggests that isospin plays an important role in fission.
Evaluation of neutron capture cross section on 205Pb with photonuclear data
Authors: Iwamoto Nobuyuki , Shizuma Toshiyuki
Published: May 2018

The neutron capture cross section of long-lived radioactive 205Pb is derived by using the nuclear reaction calculation code CCONE, based on photonuclear data. The present result is smaller than that of TENDL-2015 by a factor of 4. The derived Maxwellian averaged capture cross section (MACS) is the smallest compared to the existing data. The produced amount of 205Pb is explored with a simulated neutron flux in the Pb-Bi eutectic (LBE) target. The continuous use of the system in 25 years creates 205Pb with about 6 kg at maximum in the LBE (including natural Pb of 103 kg). The impact of the derived MACS on the stellar nucleosynthesis is investigated. It is found that the abundance of Tl is slightly enhanced due to the increase in the remaining abundance of 205Pb.
Rhinocerebrale Mucormykose
Authors: Mertens Anke , Barche Doreen , Scheinpflug Laszlo , Scholz Friedrich Gunther , Vielhaber Stefan , Scherlach Cordula , Tröger Uwe , Geginat Gernot , Färber Jacqueline , Arens Christoph
Published: May 2018

Mucormykose ist eine Schimmelpilzinfektion, die insbesondere bei immunsupprimierten Patienten rasch progredient verlaufen kann. Uns wurde eine 47-jährige
Patientin mit einer Ptosis links bei sonst unauffälligem augenärztlichen Befund vorgestellt. Die Blutzuckerwerte waren bei Diabetes mellitus deutlich
erhöht.

Das CT der Nasennebenhöhlen zeigte eine moderate Verlegung des Siebbeins links und in der cMRT erschienen der orbitale Fettkörper und die Augenmuskeln verdickt.
Als noch eine Hebungseinschränkung des Bulbus auftrat, erfolgte die Nasennebenhöhlenoperation. Mikrobiologisch wurde dabei eine Mucormykose (Gattung
Lichtheimia) gesichert. Die Patientin erblindete links, sodass die Indikation zur Exenteratio orbitae links und Re-Pansinusoperation zur Fokussanierung gestellt
wurde. Liposomales Amphotericin B und Posaconazol wurden hochdosiert verabreicht und der Blutzucker wurde streng reguliert. Bei bildmorphologischem Progress
waren weitere operative Eingriffe bis zur Duraresektion nötig.

Der Verlauf war durch Komplikationen (rezidivierende septische Episoden, Niereninsuffizienz, ein bifrontales Epiduralhämatom sowie multiple zerebrale
Mikroinfarkte) erschwert, doch schlussendlich konnte sie nach 8-monatiger Hospitalisation entlassen werden. Eine Epithese wurde angepasst und sie ist seit 24
Monaten (nach Diagnose) rezidivfrei.
Azo Dyes: New Palladium- and Copper-Catalysed Coupling Reactions on an Old Template
Authors: Rasheed Omer , Quayle Peter
Published: May 2018

The elaboration of azo dyes using a variety of transition-metal-catalysed reactions (Stille, Heck, Ullmann, and Suzuki couplings) is reported. This methodology has been applied to the synthesis of functionalised coumarin azo dye conjugates, substrates which may find potential application in the development of new sensors.
Facile Protocols towards C2-Arylated Benzoxazoles using Fe(III)-Catalyzed C(sp
2-H) Functionalization and Metal-Free Domino
Approach
Authors: Malakar Chandi , Vodnala Nagaraju , Gujjarappa Raghuram , Kabi Arup , Kumar Mohan , Beifuss Uwe
Published: May 2018

Considering their growing attention in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug-discovery research, the facile and convenient approaches towards the preparation of 2-aryl benzoxazole derivatives have been described. The transformation is accomplished by using Fe(III)-catalyzed C–H activation of benzoxazoles with boronic acids to obtain a wide range of C2-arylated benzoxazoles in high yields. The developed method excludes the formation of self-coupling compounds as side products. On the other hand, the synthesis of the products is also achieved via a metal-free domino protocol by the reaction between 1-nitroso-2-naphthol and acetophenones using catalytic amounts of CBr4 in the presence of Cs2CO3 as base. The devised tandem method avoids the use of pre-activated α-haloketones as substrates. Due to their immense impact in marketed drugs and molecules under clinical trial, the described method can be a powerful tool for their synthesis which ­restricts the use of precious metals as catalyst.
Asymmetric Reduction of Trifluoromethyl Alkynyl Ketimines by Chiral Phosphoric Acid and Benzothiazoline
Authors: Akiyama Takahiko , Miyagawa Masamichi , Takashima Kensuke
Published: May 2018

An enantioselective transfer hydrogenation reaction of alkynyl ketimine bearing a trifluoromethyl group was accomplished. Chemoselective reduction of ketimine was achieved by the combined use of chiral phosphoric acid and benzothiazoline to give α-trifluoromethyl propargylamine in good to high yields and with excellent enantioselectivity.
Copper-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Chalcogen-Benzothiazoles/Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with Sulfur/Selenium Powder and Aryl Boronic Acids
Authors: Guo Tao , Han Shu-Lei , Ma Yong-Cheng , Wei Xu-Ning , Zhu Ying-Li , Chen Huan
Published: May 2018

An efficient and convenient copper-catalyzed oxidative chalcogenation of benzothiazoles and imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with sulfur/selenium powder and aryl boronic acids was developed. This procedure allows access to a wide range of structurally diverse arylchalcogen-substituted benzothiazoles/imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines in good yields and with good functional group tolerance. A biological evaluation revealed that some of the obtained products exhibited in vitro antiproliferative activities on human-derived lung, stomach, esophageal, and breast cancer cell lines.
Copper-Catalyzed Direct C-5 Fluorination of 8-Aminoquinolines by Remote C–H Activation
Authors: Luo Si-Si , Su Lan-Jun , Jiang Yue , Li Xiao-Bao , Li Zheng-Hui , Sun Huan , Liu Ji-Kai
Published: May 2018

A convenient method was developed for direct regioselective fluorination of 8-aminoquinolines at the C-5 position by copper-catalyzed remote C–H activation using Selectfluor as the electrophile fluorinating reagent. With this method, diverse fluorinated quinoline derivatives were facilely obtained under mild conditions with moderate yields.