bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of conditions for in vitro modelling of subgingival normobiosis and dysbiosis
Authors: Baraniya Divya , Do Thuy , Chen Tsute , Albandar Jasim , Chialastri Susan , Devine Deirdre A. , Marsh Philip D. , Al-hebshi Nezar
Published: September 2022

Modeling subgingival microbiome in health and disease is key to identifying the drivers of dysbiosis and to studying microbiome modulation. Here, we optimize growth conditions of our previously described in vitro subgingival microbiome model. Subgingival plaque samples from healthy and periodontitis subjects were used as inocula to grow normobiotic and dysbiotic microbiomes in MBEC assay plates. Saliva supplemented with 1%, 2%, 3.5% or 5% (v/v) heat-inactivated human serum was used as a growth medium under shaking or non-shaking conditions. The microbiomes were harvested at 4, 7, 10 or 13 days of growth (384 microbiomes in total) and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Biomass significantly increased as a function of serum concentration and incubation period. Independent of growth conditions, the health- and periodontitis-derived microbiomes clustered separately with their respective inocula. Species richness/diversity slightly increased with time but was adversely affected by higher serum concentrations especially in the periodontitis-derived microbiomes. Microbial dysbiosis increased with time and serum concentration. Porphyromonas and Alloprevotella were substantially enriched in higher serum concentrations at the expense of Streptococcus, Fusobacterium and Prevotella. An increase in Porphyromonas, Bacteroides and Mogibacterium accompanied by a decrease in Prevotella, Catonella and Gemella were the most prominent changes over time. Shaking had only minor effects. Overall, the health-derived microbiomes grown for 4 days in 1% serum, and periodontitis-derived microbiomes grown for 7 days in 3.5%-5% serum were the most similar to the respective inocula. In conclusion, normobiotic and dysbiostic subgingival microbiomes can be grown reproducibly in saliva supplemented with serum, but time and serum concentration need to be adjusted differently for the health and periodontitis-derived microbiomes to maximize similarity to in vivo inocula. The optimized model could be used to identify drivers of dysbiosis, and to evaluate interventions such as microbiome modulators.
Phenolic compounds in sediments from the Mediterranean Sea west of Egypt as a tool for sediment quality classification
Authors: Abdallah Maha Ahmed Mohamed , AlProl Ahmed Eid
Published: September 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Brain Transport of Docosahexaenoic Acid Across the Blood–Brain Barrier Decreases in Middle-Aged and Aged Mice
Authors: Iwao Takuro , Takata Fuyuko , Matsumoto Junichi , Aridome Hisataka , Yasunaga Miho , Yokoya Miki , Kataoka Yasufumi , Dohgu Shinya
Published: September 2022

Background: Nutrients are actively taken up by the brain via various transporters at the blood–brain barrier (BBB). A lack of specific nutrients in the aged brain, including decreased levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is associated with memory and cognitive dysfunction. To compensate for decreased brain DHA, orally supplied DHA must be transported from the circulating blood to the brain across the BBB through transport carriers including major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 2a (MFSD2A) and fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) that transport esterified and non-esterified DHA, respectively. Although it is known that the integrity of the BBB is altered during aging, the impact of aging on DHA transport across the BBB has not been fully elucidated. Methods: We used 2-, 8-, 12-, and 24-month-old male C57BL/6 mice to evaluate brain uptake of [14C]DHA, as the non-esterified form, using an in situ transcardiac brain perfusion technique. Primary culture of rat brain endothelial cells (RBECs) was used to evaluate the effect of siRNA-mediated MFSD2A knockdown on cellular uptake of [14C]DHA.Results: We found that brain uptake of [14C]DHA was inhibited by excess unlabeled DHA in 2-month-old mice. Transfection of MFSD2A siRNA into RBECs decreased the MFSD2A protein expression levels by 30% and reduced cellular uptake of [14C]DHA by 20%. Twelve- and 24-month-old mice exhibited significant reductions in brain uptake of [14C]DHA and decreased MFSD2A protein expression in the brain microvasculature compared with 2-month-old mice; nevertheless FABP5 protein expression was up-regulated with age. Conclusions: We demonstrated that MFSD2A is involved in non-esterified DHA transport at the BBB. The middle-aged and aged brain has decreased DHA transport across the BBB due to age-related down-regulation of MFSD2A rather than that of FABP5.
Investigation of Bedaquiline Resistance and Genetic Mutations in Multi-Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates in Chongqing, China
Authors: Hu Yan , Fan Jun , Zhu Damin , Liu Wenguo , Li Feina , Li Tongxin , Zheng Huiwen
Published: September 2022

Background: To investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of bedaquiline resistance among MDR-TB isolates collected from Chongqing, China. Methods: A total of 205 MDR-TB isolates were collected from Chongqing Tuberculosis Control Institute between March 2019 and June 2020. The MICs of BDQ were determined by the microplate alamarblue assay. All strains were genotyped by melting curve spoligotyping, and were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Results: Among the 205 MDR isolates, the resistance rate of BDQ was 4.4% (9/205). The 55 (26.8%) were from male patients and 50 (24.4%) were new cases. Furthermore, 81 (39.5%) of these patients exhibited lung cavitation, 13 (6.3%) patients afflicted with diabetes mellitus, and 170 (82.9%) isolates belonged to Beijing family. However, the distribution of BDQ resistant isolates showed no significant difference among these characteristics. Of the 86 OFX resistant isolates, 8 isolates were XDR (9.3%, 8/86). Six BDQ resistant isolates (66.7%, 6/9) and two BDQ susceptible isolates (1.0%, 2/196) carried mutations in Rv0678. A total of 4 mutations types were identified in BDQ resistant isolates, including mutation in A152G (50%, 3/6), T56C (16.7%, 1/6), GA492 insertion (16.7%, 1/6), and A274 insertion (16.7%, 1/6). BDQ showed excellent activity against MDR-TB in Chongqing. Conclusions: BDQ showed excellent activity against MDR-TB in Chongqing. The resistance rate of BDQ was not related to demographic and clinical characteristics. Mutations in Rv0678 gene were the major mechanism to BDQ resistance, with A152G as the most common mutation type. WGS has a good popularize value and application prospect in the rapid detection of Bdq resistance.
Steady-State Wave Responses of One-Dimensional Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Lattices with Strong Nonlinearities by an Improved Incremental Harmonic Balance Method
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Wang Xuefeng , Zhao Jian , Zhang Jian , Huang Yu
Published: September 2022

The nonlinearity plays an important role in modulation of wave propagation characteristics, such as the adjustment of band structures by media nonlinearities. There was a modified incremental harmonic balance (IHB) method developed to hand single- and two-degree-of-freedom (2-DoF) wave propagation problems with nonlinearities. When the nonlinearity is strong, high-order basis functions are used to achieve accurate solutions, which requires complex formula derivation and high computational effort, especially for a general multi-DoF wave problem. To handle the issue, an improved IHB method is developed for solving multi-DoF wave problems with strong nonlinearities. In the method, construction of analytical Jacobian matrices of delay differential equations that are transformed from original wave problems is formulated for any DoFs and expansion orders, by which no manual derivation and numerical integration are needed. Thus, computational effort can be significantly reduced, and convergence analysis of solutions obtained from the IHB method with different expansion orders can be conducted to determine the minimum order of stable solutions, which has not been done for wave problems with strong nonlinearities. Moreover, the algorithm to solve nonlinear wave problems with given frequencies and unknown wave vectors is newly proposed in this work based on the improved IHB method, which is can be a more efficient approach if external excitations are given. In this work, one-dimensional diatomic lattices with Hertz contact law and cubic spring models are studied as examples, where dispersion curves and bandgap properties are generated. Results show that it is necessary to use high-order Fourier functions to obtain accurate steady-state wave responses when strong nonlinearities exist, which was not explicitly recognized in past works without convergence analysis for wave problems. Results also show that the convergence rate of the method with use of a fixed frequency is faster than that of a fixed wave vector.
Revisiting the amalgaviral landscapes in plant transcriptomes expands the host range of plant amalgaviruses
Authors: Sidharthan V Kavi , Rajeswari V , Vanamala Gayatri , Baranwal V K
Published: September 2022

Plant amalgaviruses are monopartite, double-stranded RNA genome containing viruses, capable of vertical transmission through seeds. An attempt to revisit the plant transcriptome assembled contigs for amalgaviral sequences identified 40 putative novel amalgaviruses in 35 plant species, nearly doubling the number of known plant amalgaviruses. Of the 35 plant species, 33 species are reported to host amalgaviruses for the first time, including a pteridophytic and two gymnospermic species. Coding-complete genomes of all the identified viruses were recovered and the putative + 1 programmed ribosomal frameshift (PRF) sites were determined. The genomes of 35 identified amalgaviruses contained the conserved + 1 PRF motif ‘UUU_CGN’, while variant versions were predicted in five of the genomes. Phylogenetic analysis grouped pteridophyte- and gymnosperm-infecting amalgaviruses together in a divergent clade while few of the related angiosperm-infecting amalgaviruses infect members of the same plant family, reiterating the co-evolution of plant amalgaviruses and their hosts. The current study paves way for further studies on understanding the biological properties and developing detection assays of identified viruses.
Brusatol Suppresses Bladder Cancer by downregulating the expression of Nrf2
Authors: Yu Xi , Li Shenglan , Wang Huaxing , Ye Chenglin , Wang Lei , Liu Xiuheng
Published: September 2022

A substance called brunsatol, which is derived from the dried ripe fruit of Brucea javanica, has been shown to be active against a variety of human cancers, but not against bladder cancer (BCa). In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effect of brusatol in BCa and verify whether Nrf2 was involved in the mechanism. The effect of brusatol was assessed by CCK8 and colony formation assays. Transwell analysis were performed to detect the migration of bladder cancer cell lines under treatment of brusatol. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. Finally, Western blot was used to explore the mechanism of brusatol regulating the BCa progression and Nrf2. We revealed that brusatol inhibited the growth of BCa cells in vitro and in vivo and decreased their invasion ability. Mechanistic analysis revealed that brusatol decreased the expression of Nrf2 which functions as a tumor promoter in the development of BCa. And Nrf2 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects induced by brusatol. Finally, brusatol inhibited the proliferation and invasion of BCa cells via Akt signaling-mediated Nrf2 expression. These results suggest that brustasol is a valuable potential antitumor drug available for BCa.
Integration of Remote sensing and Google Earth Engine for land use/ land cover change analysis in small agricultural watershed (A case of Brante watershed, Ethiopia)
Authors: Gashu Melaku Wendachew
Published: September 2022

The GEE is a cloud computing platform which provide the infrastructure to access and process large amounts of regularly updated earth observation data rapidly in a systematic using GEE. To classify and map LULC time series (2015-2021) of the Brante watershed supervised classification was performed using Random forest classifier and the image was classified into four classes which are agriculture, forest, grassland and wet land .In the 2015 grassland was the dominant type of Land use classified which covers about 62.5 % of the total study. But in 2021 agriculture was the dominant type of Land use classified which covers about 45.0% of the total study. The accuracy assessment indicate random forest classifier is good to prepare the land use/land cover map of the study area the Brante catchment. Furthermore, it is recommended by combining remote sensed techniques with in situ observations about changes in land use and ground truth observed data, the comprehensiveness of analyses of this study can further be enhanced.
Adoptees’ views and experiences of Direct to Consumer (DTC) genomic testing: an exploratory interview study from the UK
Authors: Kay Alison C. , Taverner Nicki
Published: September 2022

Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) genomic testing for ancestry and health may appeal to adoptees looking to fill gaps in their family information. There are only a handful of published studies on adoptees’ views and experiences of DTC testing and none of these are from the UK. The recent UK House of Commons Science and Technology Committee report (Gov 2021) did not address the gains or challenges for adopted people specifically, although the Committee did consider that robust evidence of opportunities or risks for any user of a DTC testing kit is limited. In this study presented here, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten UK adult adoptees recruited via social media. Reflexive thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke 2006, 2019) of the interview transcripts identified three main themes: Decisional influencers of longing, uncertainty and normalization of DNA kit use; Informational drivers to gain clarity but avoid new worrisome information; and talk around Negotiating Visibility to birth family and commercial third parties. A further theme of Meaning Making related to adoptees’ views of testing outcomes as bringing feelings of resolution or discordance. This study identified many challenging deliberations for adoptees in evaluating whether to take a DTC test and what to do when their results were returned. Additionally, adoptees’ consideration of data privacy issues appears hampered by already having shared identifying information about themselves in their wider adoptee search. Further research is encouraged.
Green Synthesised Bismuth Ferrite for PVA-PANI-BFO Polymer-Nanocomposite Membrane: Impacts on Ionic Conductivity with Variation of Relative Humidity
Authors:   Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India, Roy Diptarka , Pandey Kamlesh ,   National Centre of Experimental Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India, Yadav Anil Kumar ,   Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: September 2022

Bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles were synthesised by an environment-friendly process using the moringa oleifera leaf extract. The synthesised BFO nanoparticles were used as nanofiller to synthesise PVA-PANI-BFO polymernanocomposite membrane. Also, the PVA-PANI polymer membrane was synthesised for a comparative study purpose between PVA-PANI and PVA-PANI-BFO membranes. Both the polymer and polymer-nanocomposite membranes were synthesised by the solution cast technique. The Green synthesised BFO nanoparticles and the synthesised membranes were characterised by spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), RAMAN and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD patterns confirm the BiFeO3 phase of the synthesised BFO nanoparticles, as well as the existence of PVA, PANI and BFO in the membrane. The Raman spectrum for the synthesised nanoparticles exhibits BFO characteristic bands. The bands of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyaniline (PANI) are also seen for the membranes. FTIR spectrum indicates some phytochemicals as the functional groups in the synthesised BFO nanoparticles. The surface structures of the synthesised membranes were characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Ionic conductivities of the synthesised membranes were calculated by estimating bulk resistance of them from Cole-Cole plots that were obtained with the help of an impedance spectrometer. The conductivities of the membranes change with the relative humidity (RH).
Caracterización del registro de triaje hospitalario en dos hospitales del área metropolitana de Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Mesa Murillo Juan Pablo , Moreno-Quimbay Sebastian , Londoño Londoño Deisy Tatiana , Torres Zapata Andrea , García Restrepo Juan Pablo , Valencia Ortiz Nelcy Lorena , Berrouet Mejía Marie Claire
Published: September 2022

Introducción: el triaje es una estrategia para clasificar los pacientes y optimizar los recursos disponibles. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la información contenida en la historia clínica de triaje en urgencias en dos instituciones hospitalarias. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en dos instituciones públicas del área metropolitana de Medellín, Colombia. Se realizó un muestreo estratificado en el que se seleccionó 687 registros de pacientes atendidos en los servicios de urgencias en el mes de agosto en 2019. Se recolectó información del paciente como el sexo, la edad, otras variables demográficas y resultado de su clasificación en el triaje. Del hospital se registró en nivel de complejidad. Resultados: el 64,2% de los registros repite alguna información. Se presentan elementos comunes de una historia clínica general como el motivo de consulta en el 65,4% de los casos, enfermedad actual en 75,1%, antecedentes 65,4% y examen físico 57,6%. Estos dos últimos se caracterizaron por ser exhaustivos y poco relevantes. El 14,4% incluyó el diagnóstico, el 13,4% un resumen y el 18,9% un plan de intervención. El 31,2% de los triajes fueron clasificación II, un 37,4% tenían entre 51-100 palabras, y el 77,5% fueron registros de pacientes que pertenecían al régimen subsidiado en salud. Conclusión: las historias clínicas de triaje revisadas contienen información similar a la de una historia clínica médica general, salvo algunas excepciones. Adicionalmente, la clasificación de triaje parece tener alguna relación con el número de palabras del escrito, así como el régimen de seguridad social del paciente.
Caracterización de actores viales y motociclistas accidentados en Colombia y el departamento del Cauca entre 2012 y 2019
Authors: Patiño Pérez Valentina , Tobar Solarte Juan Camilo , Rojas Diaz Alexei Bernardo , Bastidas Sánchez Beatriz Eugenia
Published: September 2022

Introducción: las colisiones de tránsito ocupan la séptima causa de muerte en el mundo y la primera entre los 15 a 29 años; el 93% ocurren en países en vías de desarrollo y afectan a usuarios vulnerables como peatones, ciclistas y motociclistas. Objetivo: caracterizar las víctimas de colisiones de tránsito en Colombia y el departamento del Cauca. Materiales y métodos: estudio retrospectivo-descriptivo de las víctimas de colisiones de tránsito reportadas ante la Agencia Nacional de Seguridad Vial entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2019. Resultados: en Colombia, durante el periodo de estudio se presentaron 380.986 colisiones de tránsito, el 86,21% resultó lesionado y el 13,78% falleció; 65,06% eran hombres y 34,93% mujeres, el grupo de edad entre 20-39 años fue el que más siniestros viales aportó con el 48,89%. El departamento del Cauca, represento el 1,99% de los accidentes en el país, mientras que las víctimas de accidentes en motocicleta fueron el 2,06% del total nacional. De estos últimos, 80,32% sufrió lesiones y 19,67% fallecieron. Aunque para los años 2017 y 2019 la curva se mostró en descenso, con respecto a años previos, la tendencia en el 2019 para el Cauca fue más alta que la nacional. Conclusiones: la mayoría de las colisiones de tránsito son prevenibles y suceden en población joven, social y económicamente activa. A pesar de las políticas establecidas en el país, el número de accidentes y muertes sigue siendo significativo, por esto se hace necesario crear conciencia y responsabilidad social sobre este problema para proteger a la población vulnerable.
Revista CES Salud Pública y Epidemiología y la comunicación de la ciencia
Authors: Quirós Gómez Oscar Iván
Published: September 2022

La comunicación científica dirigida a académicos, así como la divulgación de la ciencia a comunidad general, es una tarea fundamental que no debe pensarse como un apéndice de la investigación, o una alternativa dejada al deseo personal o a las necesidades de reconocimiento, sino que debe ser parte integral de la responsabilidad social de la ciencia, así como una actividad constitutiva del compromiso moral con las comunidades que se puedan ver afectadas o beneficiadas por los nuevos hallazgos o los conocimientos científicos ya establecidos.
A Pathophysiological Approach To Current Biomarkers
Authors: Oruc Aykut , Simsek Gonul
Published: September 2022

Biomarkers are necessary for screening and diagnosing numerous diseases,
predicting the prognosis of patients, and following-up treatment and the course of the
patient. Everyday new biomarkers are being used in clinics for these purposes. This
section will discuss the physiological roles of the various current biomarkers in a
healthy person and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the release of these
biomarkers. This chapter aims to gain a new perspective for evaluating and interpreting
the most current biomarkers.
Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers
Authors: Seven Zeynep Gizem Todurga , Özen Deniz , Özyazgan Sibel
Published: September 2022

Why does the usual dose of medication work for a person while another
individual cannot give the expected response to the same drug? On the other hand, how
come half of the usual dose of an analgesic relieves an individual’s pain immediately,
as another man continue to suffer even after taking double dose? Although a treatment
method has been successfully used in majority of the population for many years, why
does the same therapy cause serious side effects in another region of the world? Most
presently approved therapies are not effective in all patients. For example, 20-40% of
patients with depression respond poorly or not at all to antidepressant drug therapy.
Many patients are resistant to the effects of antiasthmatics and antiulcer drugs or drug
treatment of hyperlipidemia and many other diseases. The reason for all those is
basically interindividual differences in genomic structures of people, which are
explained in this chapter in terms of the systems and the most frequently used drugs in
clinical treatment.
Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kundaktepe Fatih Orkun
Published: September 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by
hyperglycemia that occurs as a result of impaired insulin secretion and/or insulin effect,
or both of these factors. The fact that the disease has both individual and social
dimensions makes it important to detect as early as possible and make the necessary
lifestyle changes. For this purpose, it becomes necessary to develop fast, effortless,
cheap, and reliable methods for diagnosis. We discussed which biochemical markers
should enter routine use according to their sensitivity and specificity among the
biochemical markers that have been used and are still being studied. In this chapter, we
explored some methods that may be used as biomarkers and discussed advantages and
pitfalls for each.
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Prognosis
Authors: Atukeren Pınar
Published: September 2022

Oxidative stress describes the state of a cell where there is an imbalance
between free radical formation and antioxidants due to either excess formation of
reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inadequate antioxidant defence. It is very well known
that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of various diseases
through impaired intracellular redox homeostasis. To evaluate and imply the excess
production of ROS, various biomarkers are used and suggested, yet it is also known
that there is a lack of standardization and validation for these methods. It is almost very
difficult to measure ROS directly because of their short half-life, yet it is still possible
with a suitable technique. The most frequently used biomarkers are represented by
oxidized macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which are
modified via ROS, and also the amounts or activities of antioxidant molecules and
enzymes, respectively. There are also various genetic biomarkers measuring the
susceptibility of modification due to oxidative stress. However, the preferred biomarker
would be dependent on the aim of the study and the clinical relevance.
Current Biomarkers for Endometrial Receptivity
Authors: Erten Ozlem , Taskomur Aysun Tekeli , Albayrak Mustafa
Published: September 2022

Implantation and the continuation of pregnancy occur through a complicated
and sophisticated dialogue, called “cross-talk,” which starts between the embryo and
the endometrium in the early stages of oocyte maturation. This dialogue provides
synchronization of the journey of the embryo to be implanted with the receptive
endometrium. Understanding the activity and function of the hormones and factors
involved in this dialogue will provide an understanding of endometrial receptivity,
which plays a key role in implantation, and the determination of biomarkers specific
for this period. As a result of the development of omics technology, it has become
possible to identify biomarkers specific to endometrial receptivity by performing
genomic, proteomic, and lipidomic analyses of these hormones and factors. The
determination of these biomarkers, their optimization, and making them usable in the
clinic will allow increased success in ART.
A Physiological Approach to Inflammatory Markers in Obesity
Authors: Polat Sila H. Bozdogan , Dariyerli Nuran Dariyerli
Published: September 2022

Obesity is one of the most critical health problems all over the world; it is
associated with metabolic dysfunction and overnutrition. Changes in the physiological
function of adipose tissue, leading to altered secretion of adipocytokines, inflammatory
mediators release, and chronic low-grade inflammation, are seen in obesity.
Macrophages, neutrophils, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, natural killer T (NKT)
cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and adipocytes are involved in the inflammatory response
that occurs during obesity. Various inflammatory markers are released from these cells.
In this chapter, we will mention inflammatory mechanisms and markers of obesity.
A Different Approach to Breast Self-Examination Training: Family Training
Authors: Ayran Gulsun , Gundogdu Gulsum , Yaman Ece , Kutluata Sema
Published: September 2022

Background. Breast self-examination (BSE) is an effective, cost-free, early diagnosis method that enables women to take responsibility for their own health in the early diagnosis of breast cancer, which is the most common cause of death in women.

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of BSE training given by female nursing students to their mothers and sisters on their BSE behavior and self-esteem.

Materials and Methods. This study is of one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. It was carried out at the Faculty of Health Sciences of Erzincan University in Turkey between December 2019 and May 2020. The universe of the study consisted of 140 third- and fourth-year female students over the age of 18 enrolled in the Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erzincan University, Turkey. The total number of mothers and sisters in the study sample was 126. The data were collected in two stages, before and one month after family training. IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software package was used for statistical data analysis. The percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Student’s t-test were used for statistical processing. The p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all tests.

Results. The knowledge level of study participants about breast cancer and BSE was analyzed, and the source of their knowledge was assessed. Applying family training approach showed a significant increase in BSE knowledge level of participants one month after training. It was accompanied by increasing BSE skills and self-esteem levels (according to the mean values of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale).

Conclusions. Training for family members is an effective method to increase women' s knowledge and skills in BSE. In addition, BSE training enabled female students and their families to participate in BSE practice.
The Effect of Preoperative Anxiety on Postoperative Symptoms in Patients Without a History of Anxiety Scheduled for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Arslan Isik Nurten , Emir Izzet
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to measure the level of preoperative anxiety in patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to assess the relationship between anxiety and postoperative symptoms.

Materials and Methods. This descriptive study was conducted at a single university hospital from February to November 2021. Seventy-four CABG patients who completed the Anxiety Specific to Surgery Questionnaire, the Visual Analogue Scale, the Modified Borg Scale, the Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting and Retching were included in the study. The data were analyzed by the mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution, Mann-Whitney U Test, and Spearman’s correlation analysis.

Results. The average age of participants was 65.55 ± 8.35; 66.2% of them were males. The ASSQ total scores of female participants were significantly higher as compared to male participants (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant positive relationship between the levels of anxiety in patients before CABG and the levels of postoperative pain and dyspnea severity (p < 0.05).

Conclusions. Patients were found to experience predominantly moderate to severe anxiety before CABG, and increased dyspnea complaints and pain in the postoperative period. A coordinated, multidisciplinary approach to preoperative training of healthcare professionals may offer a promising way to provide more efficient and productive services.
Preliminary Study of Profenofos and Difenoconazole Pesticide Residue in Soil and Citrus Fruits from Citrus Farming in Serai Village Kintamani Bangli
Authors: Muderawan I Wayan , Priyanka Luh Mitha , Suparta I Nengah
Published: September 2022

The intensively use of both profenofos and difenoconazole pesticides in Citrus farming in Serai Village Kintamani Bangli may remain as residue in the soil and citrus fruits. This study was performed in order to determine the level of pesticide residues in the soil and the citrus fruits from Citrus farming in Bangli. The pesticide residue levels in the soil and citrus fruit were performed by using solid-liquid extraction (SLE) and detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The result shows that the pesticide residue levels in soil, citrus peel and citrus flesh are 0.057±0.002, 0.112±0.013 and 0 mg/L for profenofos and 0.069±0.002, 0.180±0.013 and 0 mg/L for difenoconazole. The results indicated that the soil and citrus peel from citrus farming area in Serai Village Bangli Regency contained both pesticide residues but not the citrus flesh.
Examining the Development of Information Needs Assessment Questionnaires in Oncology: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Thiessen Maclean , Harris Daranne , Tang Patricia , Raffin Bouchal Shelley , Sinclair Shane
Published: September 2022

Background

Information needs are one of the most prevalent unmet supportive care needs of those living with cancer, including patients and their informal caregivers. Understanding how existing questionnaires for evaluating information needs have been developed is important for guiding appropriate use and informing future research. A literature review examining how information needs assessment questionnaires for use in the cancer context have been developed, with a specific focus on how questionnaire items have been identified, does not exist.

Objective

This scoping review will examine how questionnaires for assessing the information needs of those living with cancer have been developed with special focus on how patients, informal caregivers, and health care professionals have been involved in the selection and identification of questionnaire items.

Methods

This review will include published studies describing the development and validation of information needs assessment questionnaires for use in the oncology context. MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and PsycInfo will be searched. Articles published at any point up to the date of the search will be eligible for inclusion. One person will screen titles and abstracts, and 2 people will screen and extract data from full-text articles.

Results

Results are expected to be available in early 2023. Summary tables and a narrative summary will be used to describe results.

Conclusions

This scoping review will assist in identifying appropriate information needs assessment tools to incorporate into clinical and research contexts in oncology. It will also identify if additional information needs assessment tools are needed.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/35639
Comparative Study of Three Heavy Metals in the Muscle of Three Edible Fishes
Authors: Deepika A. Shiva , Chinthala Dr. Manjusha
Published: September 2022

Abstract: This study aims to know the concentration of heavy metals in the muscle of three species of edible fish collected from Ramnagar market of Hyderabad city and to assess the possible health risks associated with its consumption. In this study, we used Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) to estimate cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) in different types of fishes, such as Rohu (Labeo rohita), Roopchand (Piaractus brachypomus) and MilkFish (Chanos chanos). The concentration range of heavy metals in this study is cadmium ranges from 0.04-0.05mg/kg, while lead is between 0.04-0.07mg/kg and mercury is 0.05mg/kg. The permissible limit for cadmium is 0.3mg/kg, lead is 1.5mg/kg and mercury is 0.5mg/kg given by FAO/WHO. By comparing the values obtained in the present study with those of permissible limit values, we can conclude that the consumption of these three fishes from the Ramnagar area does not cause any health risk to humans.
Guide de visionnement critique des médias, tome 1 : par la réflexion individuelle et en groupe.
Authors: Lord François-René
Published: September 2022

Le Guide de visionnement critique des médias d’Ina Motoi s’ouvre sur cette question : « Vivons-nous dans un monde où le temps passé devant les écrans peut facilement dépasser, pour de plus en plus d’individus, le temps écoulé sans écrans ? » (p. 1). Selon la professeure en travail social au Département de développement humain et social à l’Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, les individus passent de plus en plus de temps à utiliser des plateformes médiatiques. Ce phénomène tend à s’amplifier, notamment avec la crise sanitaire de 2020-2022 qui contraint une grande partie de la population à travailler, à se divertir et à communiquer avec ses proches à l’aide d’écrans. Cette surexposition médiatique ne serait pas, selon l’auteure, sans impact sur les individus.
The argument and demonstration exemplified in a mathematical dialogue
Authors: Maure Luisa Morales , Nava Marcos Campos , Marimón Orlando García , Gutiérrez Jaime
Published: September 2022

The teaching-learning process is analyzed in a course for a group of professors who were taught subjects on Calculus, to study the episodes of problem-solving in them, focused on the identification of patterns and argumentation using counterexamples. The explanation and the argument in the classroom can be used together so that the argument (issued as a counterexample) supports the explanation (conjecture). Developing the mathematics class so that the above occurs is a form of interaction and how to encourage students to move from explanation to argumentation (placing a hybrid system). Furthermore, both forms of reasoning can influence dialogue protocols and strategies. In this work, the dialogue model is described as a tool to address the problem that arises when working with students.
Groundwater quality assessment for drinking and clean water in Bagelen and its surrounding area
Authors: Listyani R.A. T. , Putranto Thomas Triadi
Published: September 2022

Bagelen and its surrounding area are parts of the Kulon Progo Hills which have less water potential. However, groundwater can still be obtained from dug wells or several springs in the hills. This study aims to determine the quality of groundwater in the study area as clean water and drinking water. Hydrogeological surveys have been conducted to see the quality of this groundwater. Groundwater samples were taken from six dug wells and two springs. Groundwater can be found in sandstone, limestone and andesite breccias aquifers, through intergrains and cracks porosities. Groundwater usually has Ca-bicarbonate facies. The need for good quality groundwater for drinking and clean water has been investigated based on the WQI value. The WQI value is determined based on several physical parameters, including turbidity and TDS and chemical parameters such as pH, Fe, hardness, Mn, nitrate, Zn, sulfate, chloride and sodium. Based on the Minister of Health Regulation standard No. 492/2010 for drinking water and No.  32/2017 for clean water, the groundwater showed good - excellent value for drinking water and excellent value for clean water.
Carbon emission from biodiversity research conferences in Indonesia
Authors: Rozak Andes Hamuraby , Junaedi Decky Indrawan
Published: September 2022

Participants in scientific conferences have been traveling to the cities of conference venues. These mobilizations left carbon footprints due to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions generated from the scientists' transportation to their conference venue. This study looks at the carbon footprint of scientists who attended scientific biodiversity conferences in Indonesia from 2015 to 2019. We have identified that 30 scientific biodiversity conferences were conducted in 17 cities on five different islands during the corresponding period. The conferences have published 3092 scientific articles written by 9617 authors from various disciplines. The estimated carbon emission due to those scientists' transportation was 622 tons CO2-eq. This emission figure is almost equivalent to the emission produced by a person circling the earth 91 times using a passenger aircraft. A new paradigm of virtual conference should be considered to minimize the carbon footprint resulted from the scientists' transportation to and from the conference venue. Thus, the CO2-eq emissions released by scientists' transport can be reduced significantly. These emission reductions may mitigate and minimize the magnitude and impact of climate change to some extent.
Deep purification of low concentration fine particles by high gravity wet process intensification
Authors: Cheng Shangyuan , qi guisheng , Wu liming , Guo shuwei
Published: September 2022

Fine particles cause great harm to the environment and human body. High
gravity wet dust removal is a new type of high-efficiency dust removal
technology with the advantages of high dust removal efficiency, low
economic cost, convenient operation and maintenance. In this paper,
apilot-scale experimental system was set up to explore the purification
capacity of high gravity wet dust removal technology for low
concentration fine particles. The obtained results suggested that under
the operating conditions of inlet dust concentration of 50 mg/m3, high
gravity factor of 138.36, gas velocity of 1.71 m/s and liquid spray
density of 4.8 m3/(m2·h), the dust removal efficiency was as high as
99.46%. The cut-off particle size of high gravity cross-flow rotating
packed bed was 0.09 μm, and the removal efficiency of fine particles
with particle size above 0.2 μm was more than 95%.
The for gene as one of the drivers of foraging variations in a parasitic wasp
Authors: gallot aurore , Desouhant Emmanuel , Lhuillier Vincent , lepetit david , El-filali Adil , Mouton Laurence , Vieira Cristina , Amat Isabelle
Published: September 2022

Foraging behaviours encompass strategies to locate resources and to
exploit them. In many taxa these behaviours are controlled by a major
gene called for, but mechanisms vary between species. In the parasitoid
wasp Venturia canescens, sexual and asexual populations coexist in
sympatry but differ in their foraging behaviours. Here we explored the
molecular bases underpinning this divergence in foraging behaviours by
testing two mutually non-exclusive hypotheses: firstly the divergence in
the for gene results in difference in foraging strategies, and second
this latter is due to a divergence in whole-genome expression. Using
comparative genomics, we showed that the for gene was conserved across
insects considering both sequence as well as gene model complexity.
Polymorphism analysis did not support the occurrence of two allelic
variants diverging across the two populations, yet asexual population
exhibited less polymorphism compared to the sexual one. Sexual and
asexual transcriptomes sharply split up, with 10.9% of differentially
expressed genes, but these were not enriched in behavioural related
genes. We showed that the for gene was more expressed in asexual female
heads than in sexual ones, and that asexuals were the ones that explored
more the environment and exploited more host patches. Overall, these
results suggested that a fine tuning in the for gene expression between
populations may have led to distinct foraging behaviours. We
hypothesized that reproductive polymorphism and coexistence in sympatry
of sexual and asexual populations specialized to different ecological
niches via divergent optima on phenotypic traits, could imply adaptation
through different expression patterns of the for gene and at many other
loci throughout the genome.
The successes and pitfalls: Deep learning effectiveness in a Chernobyl field camera trap application
Authors: Maile Rachel , Duggan Matthew , Mousseau Timothy
Published: September 2022

Camera traps have recently become in-situ sensors for collecting
information on animal abundance and occupancy estimates. When deployed
over a large landscape, camera traps have become ideal for measuring the
health of ecosystems, particularly in unstable habitats where it can be
dangerous or even impossible to observe with conventional methods.
However, manual processing of imagery is extremely time and labor
intensive. Due to this, many studies have started to employ the use of
machine learning tools, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs),
with the presumption that a large number of images (millions) is needed
to devise an effective identification or classification model. We
examined specific factors pertinent to camera trap placement in the
field that may influence the accuracy metrics of a deep learning model
that has been trained with a small set of images. False negatives and
false positives may occur due to a variety of reasons that make it hard
even for a human observer to classify, including local weather patterns
and degree of light present. We trained a CNN to detect 16 different
object classes (14 animal species, humans, and fires) across 9,576
images taken from camera traps placed in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone.
After analyzing wind speed, cloud cover, and temperature, there was a
significant relationship with CNN error and temperature. Furthermore, we
found that the model was more successful when images were taken during
the day as well as when precipitation is not present. Given the
relationship between the influencing variables studied and model error
rates, it will be important to obtain a wider breadth of events in
differing weather and daytime factors for future classification models.
This study suggests further exploration into the causes of error in
classification modeling is necessary given the unique challenges posed
by the analysis of camera trap imagery.
Recurrent Pneumonia in a Child with Jacobsen Syndrome and Common Variable Immune Deficiency
Authors: Thomas Ryan
Published: September 2022

Terminal 11q deletion syndrome, also known as Jacobsen syndrome, is a
rare genetic disorder. Children with Jacobsen syndrome have multiple
risk factors for recurrent pneumonia. This is a case of recurrent
pneumonia in a child with Jacobsen syndrome secondary to common variable
immune deficiency.
A huge ovarian cystadenoma mucinous in a 47-Year-Old Woman : About a case
Authors: Colombe Moise , Murhula Patrick , Baderha Jean-Yves , Mijiriro Patient , Batumike Philémon , Alangi Trésor , Ngoy Laurent Wa , Matabaro Germain , Rugendabanga Angelique , Busingo Justin , Ngeleza Olivier , Dieudonné Sengeyi
Published: September 2022

We reported a case of a huge ovarian mucinous cystadenoma of a
47-year-old woman in Democratic Republic of the Congo. This case report
accentuates the importance of an early consultation in a qualified
health care for the women who presented an abdominal incomfort or
distension.
Is conservative treatment efficient in isolated retropneumoperitoneum of sigmoidal origin?
Authors: Mokhtar Abdelmalek , Mseddi Mohamed Ali , Zahaf Bechir , Frikha Mohamed Taieb , Slima Mohamed Ben , Sassi Karim
Published: September 2022

Although sigmoidal diverticulitis is a prevalent medical-surgical
condition, the clinician may be misled in his or her diagnosis due to
the plethora of findings. We describe through this clinical case an
isolated retropneumoperitoneum secondary to a sigmoiditis by detailing
the reasoning behind our approach.
Title: Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
Authors: Newton Isaac
Published: September 2022

Isaac Newton, Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia retypeset via LaTeX
by Project Gutenberg
Pneumonia caused by Scedosporium in non-Transplant and non-HIV-infected adults：A case series and review of the literature
Authors: Wang Aixia , Yang Ping , Gong Yanrong , Wang Yafeng , Chen Na
Published: September 2022

The lung is one of the most commonly encountered sites of Scedosporium
infection. Due to its intrinsic resistance to all current antifungal
agents, treatment of Scedosporium infections still remains a great
challenge. Voriconazole has been recommended to the first-line systemic
treatment of Scedosporium infections, but the duration is not well
recommended, especially for immunocompetent patients. This case series
presented our experience on diagnostic, manifestation, and treatment
strategies of Scedosporium pneumonia. The case records of
non-Transplanted non-HIV adults with Scedosporium pneumonia hospitalized
in our Hospital from January 2020 to February 2022 were retrospectively
analyzed, and their case characteristics, antifungal therapy drug
selection and treatment course were summarized: All 3 patients had
underlying lung disease, 2 female patients had a history of
bronchiectasis, and 1 male patient had a history of emphysema. Both
female patients had a mixed infection with Scedosporium and
nontuberculous mycobacteria. In one female patients, Scedosporium was no
longer detected after 2 months of treatment with voriconazole, and the
clinical symptoms were improved than before, with no significant change
in imaging. In one female patient, although Scedosporium was still
isolated from sputum after 12 months with voriconazole treatment, the
symptoms were improved than before, and antifungal therapy was
discontinued after no significant improvement 1 and a half months after
switching to Posaconazole. In one male patient, Scedosporium was no
longer detected after 3 months treatment with voriconazole, and the
clinical symptoms and imaging were significantly improved. Three
patients had voriconazole concentrations between 1.1-2.8 μg/mL during
treatment.