bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiments of ultrasonically aided micro-EDM on Ti with nanostructured superficial TiO2 layers
Authors: Marinescu Niculae , Ghiculescu Daniel , Ganatsios Stergios , Seritan George
Published: July 2018

The paper deals with experimental researches concerning micromachining through ultrasonically aided electrical discharge machining (μEDM+US) of an advanced material, comprising a base metal from Ti and superficial nanometric layers from TiO2, i.e. Titania nanotube arrays. The material was investigated by scanning electron microscope. The chemical composition of machined samples was determined by X rays spectrometer energy dispersive. The roughness of machined surface was studied using a profile surface instrument. A comparison was made between the results obtained by classic μEDM and μEDM+US in terms of surface roughness, and craters microgeometry.
Study of the influence of the technological parameters on the weld quality using artificial neural networks
Authors: Anghel Daniel-Constantin , Ene Alexandru
Published: July 2018

This paper presents a study on the weld quality obtained by different values of the input parameters. The weld quality is characterized by two categories of parameters: geometrical parameters and mechanical parameters. They are dependent on the following process parameters: electric arc voltage, electric current intensity, welding speed, the feed wire velocity. Because the dependence between inputs and outputs is a nonlinear one was used an artificial feed forward neural network (ANN). The ANN was trained with the backpropagation algorithm, using as training patterns data measured from the mechanical process. This ANN can be used to estimate some parameters from future experiments of the mechanical process.
AHP method to determine the optimal technological variant for maxillofacial implant fabrication
Authors: Dincă Luciana Laura , Banu Alexandra , Vişan Aurelian , Ionescu Nicolae
Published: July 2018

The paper describes different technologies for manufacturing maxillofacial implant. By using the AHP method the AM, the direct manufacturing technology SLM is the optimal process. Technological variants for obtaining a maxillofacial implant that replaces the right zygomatic bone and a part of maxilla, based on a real clinical case are presented. Starting from the possibility of processing the biocompatible metallic materials used in the oral and maxillofacial technique, it is possible to classify the technological process variants in procedures that use and do not use additive manufacturing technologies. The aim of this paper is to show how important it is to select the optimal technological process in obtaining a maxillofacial implant. It has been analyzed the technological processes of achieving the maxillofacial implant, both those which use the additive manufacturing technologies and those which do not use such technologies, highlighting not only the benefits but also their limits. Based on criteria such as: mechanical strength, porosity, roughness, accuracy, anchorage, time and cost, by using the AHP method, it is possible to choose the optimal technological process for achieving the maxillofacial implant.
Explanation of tuberculation scales formation in steel and iron pipes using the theory of wave motion of a liquid
Authors: Andrianov Alexey , Orlov Evgeny
Published: July 2018

Electrochemical corrosion of steel and iron pipes in water supply systems is a common problem that causes financial losses to operating companies and deteriorates water quality. A comprehensive study of corrosion deposits formation mechanism is necessary for a better understanding of the processes occurring in pipelines and for scientific justification of monitoring and predicting techniques. The influence of various factors (in particular the water flow velocity) on the formation, growth, and spatial distribution of tuberculation scales on the inner surface of pipes is considered. To study the effect of flow velocity, simple serial tests were carried out on segments of a steel non-galvanized pipe in static and dynamic conditions. The difference in the formation of anode and cathode sections in two dynamic modes is recognized. The first stage of tubercle formation is observed. It was assumed that in pipes with turbulent water flow near metal surface, waves forming tubercles are appeared, and the distribution of the tubercles is depend on water flow velocity.
Dynamic arrays based on magnetically controlled Fe3O4 particles
Authors: Shorstkii Ivan
Published: July 2018

In this work, a new concept of dynamic granular arrays was proposed based on magnetically controlled particles. Method of external rotating magnetic field (ERMF), based on a dipole interaction of magnetic spherical Fe3O4 particles in highly ordered volume arrays is proposed. The microwave-absorbing characteristics results of developed composites offer an effective way to design high-performance functional materials to facilitate the research in electromagnetic shielding and microwave absorption.
Optimization of TiO2 nanotubes synthesis on cylindrical surfaces for bio-implants
Authors: Strnad Gabriela , Jakab-Farkas Laszlo , Chetan Paul , Petrovan Cecilia
Published: July 2018

Titanium based modified surfaces with TiO2 self-organized nanotubular layers for biomedical applications were synthesized on cylindrical surfaces by electrochemical anodization in phosphate/fluoride electrolytes. Cylindrical samples of φ 3.8 x 20 mm, made of Ti6Al4V alloy, with different initial surface preparation (machined, grinded, polished) were subjected to anodization and process parameters were optimized to assure the development of uniform titania nanotubular layers with nanotubes’ diameter of 25-100 nm. Optimal process parameters in our custom-built anodization cell are: electrolyte composition 1M H3PO4 + 0.4 wt% HF, anodization potential U = 24 V, potential ramp Ur = 0.08 V/s, distance anode-cathode d = 15 mm, current density in potentiostatic stage J = 35-50 A/m2, and anodization duration t = 30-35 min.
Enhancing product structure design for an automation mechanism, by involving axiomatic design theory
Authors: Merticaru Vasile V. , Merticaru Eugen , Butnariu Ioan , Cucos Marius-Marian
Published: July 2018

The research presented in the paper is part of a larger approach concerning the enhancing of Product Development Sustainability by involving advanced design theories for effectiveness and efficiency of Product Design and CAD/CAE/CAM activities. The particular idea is to apply some principles from the Axiomatic Design theory within Concept Design and System Level Design stages, in order to enhance the Product Structure Design and to streamline the CAD activities and to study how a decomposition model obtained by applying AD theory affects the capture of Design Intent into a 3D CAD parametric product model structure. An applied project is exemplified as a case study, particularly referring to developing the Product Structure Design activities for the mechanical structure of an automated dimensional sorting system. Related discussions, conclusions and some further research directions are included.
Design optimization of the satellite in precessional transmission
Authors: Lealin Stanislav
Published: July 2018

One of the important tasks in the design of gears and gearboxes based on them is to increase the load capacity, durability and noise reduction with moderate requirements for manufacturing precision by providing elastic compliance of the teeth with simple satellite manufacturing technology. In the paper is firstly presented a base satellite in a precessional transmission. The design is rigid and non-technological. There was simulated the workload and the results are presented as a linear deformation. Simulation was based on the special module for the calculation and analysis of complex structures using the integrated module Stress Analysis (program Autodesk Inventor Professional 2012). It uses the finite element method calculation, based on the ANSYS program. Then is shown an optimized satellite structure. This option provides an increased durability and noise reduction due to local and general tooth compliance. The main drawback of this satellite is the high laboriousness of making cut-outs in the satellite. In this satellite, by increasing the diameter of the radial channel, it is possible to reduce the wall thickness and thereby increase the compliance. The simulation results of a new satellite design are presented. Compliance increased roughly by 4 times compared to the base version. When the gear is in mesh with the satellite, due to the increased elastic compliance of the teeth, a multi-pairing mesh is achieved, which reduces the contact loads and noise, increases the service life of the transmission.
Product engineering design enhancing by parameterizing the 3D solid model
Authors: Cucos Marius Marian , Pista Ionut Madalin , Ripanu Marius Ionut
Published: July 2018

The research approach and the case study presented in the paper are oriented towards the convergent use of a parametric modelling algorithm and of an advanced integrated CAD/CAE solution for the optimization of the product engineering design, for reducing the product life cycle environmental impact and for providing sustainability in product development. First of all, a conceptual model for the research framework is proposed, where the use of mathematical models (equations/mathematical relations, etc.) integrated into advanced CAD/CAE design solutions leads to parameterizing of the product structure and obtaining of some product component families (gears, shafts, screws, nuts, bushings, etc.). The presented case study refers to the application of the above outlined solutions for enhancing the design effectiveness and efficiency of 3D product assembly and part models (hereby exemplified for component parts like shafts and gears) for a particular construction of a technological device, using the powerful tools of the integrated product family Creo Parametric (Pro/Engineer) as mechanical design software. Some suitable conclusions are finally presented and some directions of further researches are also included.
Design and flow simulation for a centrifugal pump with double suction impeller
Authors: Năstase Eugen-Vlad
Published: July 2018

Centrifugal pump is a hydraulic machine that is used to transport fluids by the conversion of rotational kinetic energy of impeller into the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow. The double-suction centrifugal pump are used for conveyance of a large quantity of water and have wide application due to its stable running, for the balance of axial thrust through by the double suction in impeller, and for a convenient maintenance. Because the design of the centrifugal pump impeller is not a universally standardized one and depends on designer's experience and its technical intuition, in this paper is presented a methodology of design and the fluid flow simulation throughout impeller.
Some aspects of design and application of inertial dampers
Authors: Dutkiewicz Maciej , Gołębiowska Irena , Shatskyi Ivan , Shopa Vasyl , Velychkovych Andrii
Published: July 2018

Over the last years, there has been intensive development of technologies applied to protect structures such as overhead transmission lines, chimneys, high rise buildings from excessive dynamic effects leading to their damage or destruction. In the paper special attention is put on the system of passive dampers applied to overhead transmission lines and dampers used in oil and gas industry. The efficiency of the aeolian damper is presented. The constructions of weighted drill pipes with vibration-impact particle dampers designed to absorb the energy of longitudinal and twisting oscillations of the drill tool are described. The advantage of a multi-container absorber is substantiated. The application aspects of the inertial dampers developed by the authors are combined using a common effect based on the antiresonance phenomenon.
Prediction of thermal field dynamics of mould in casting using artificial neural networks
Authors: Susac Florin , Tăbăcaru Valentin , Baroiu Nicuşor , Păunoiu Viorel
Published: July 2018

Manufacturing a large number of cast parts made of aluminium alloy led to an increased interest in developing and applying new control techniques of the casting process. Anyway, the difficulty in estimating some important process parameters only allowed the use of some approaches which are limited to a few geometric models. Many researchers made great efforts to find the best method for monitoring and measuring thermal field dynamics of the cast and mould during solidification and cooling of the melt alloy. Acquiring very accurate data leads to best approach for solving the heat transfer problem in casting. The paper presents the prediction of thermal field dynamics of mould in permanent mould casting using artificial neural networks and based on thermal history of the cast part and the way this thermal history influences the thermal changes of the mould. It is very important to identify the relation between the thermal fields' dynamics of both cast and mould in order to create and use a control technique of the cast solidification and cooling. The necessity of controlling the cast solidification is due to the large demand of cast parts with improved mechanical properties.
Reduction of vibrations in mechanical systems using piezoelectric elements
Authors: Bialas Katarzyna
Published: July 2018

The aim of study is to visualize not only the primary and active element but also sensors, returning the current state of the system. The work shows the use of piezoelectric accelerometer sensors in the active vibration reduction. In addition to the elements reduction of vibrations also are necessary elements with which it will be possible to constantly test and measure vibration. It is necessary to generate the force to appropriate executive to reduce the effects of vibration. It will be also shows how to design basic system in something special way which is the synthesis of mechanical systems.
Success factors for R & D projects
Authors: Luca Liliana
Published: July 2018

The paper presents the results of a study concerning the use of the fishbone (Ishikawa) diagram in analyzing the causes (factors) that determine the success of the research and development projects. The studied problem was “the successful development of R & D projects” and this constitutes the head of the fishbone (Ishikawa) diagram skeleton. This study aims to identify the possible, main and secondary causes that could generate the studied problem. For the proposed problem the type factors will be identified: man, methods, machines, management, materials, and others. It will draw a fishbone diagram because it has several advantages. The diagram allows for a clear definition of the problem studied and provides a visual graphical diagram of the factors that determine the problem - the success of a research and development project. It is proposed the steps of realization the diagram. They are determined many possible causes and these are grouped into seven categories of causes for the problem: Man, Methods, Materials, Machines and equipments, Management, Political factors, Social and Economic factors. This paper proposes a new diagram model (5M+P+SE), a fish skeleton that is composed of seven main branches, thus: five type M branches, one P-type branch and one SE-type branch. The development of the Ishikawa diagram in a detailed form for determining the possible causes of a problem has the advantage of giving the possibility of identifying and analyzing all the factors connected to the problem. Knowledge the success factors is important in order to create all the favorable conditions for a research and development project to be successful. Finally, the proposals for the successful development of a R & D project will materialize in practical solutions.
Analyses of the method development of decisions in an expert system with the use of information from an artificial neural network
Authors: Duer Stanisław , Zajkowski Konrad , Scaticailov Serghei , Wrzesień Paweł
Published: July 2018

The present article covers the use of an artificial intelligence system in the organization of the prevention of technical objects. For this purpose, the composition of this system including an intelligent diagnostic system and an intelligent maintenance system was characterized and described. An artificial neural network and an expert system, which work among others on the basis of the information developed by the neural network, perform a special function in these systems. It was mentioned in the article that the mathematical model of the regeneration process of the functional properties (prevention) of an object forms the basis of the organization of the prevention activities of technical devices and objects with the use of intelligent systems. This model demonstrated the possibilities and directions for the use of maintenance intelligent systems.
Application of GeoGebra software into teaching mechanical engineering courses
Authors: Dimitrov Diyan M. , Slavov Stoyan D.
Published: July 2018

Mechanics courses traditionally characterize with a rather low percentage of passing students. Dynamic mathematical packages like GeoGebra are widely used nowadays for teaching mathematics, but its interactive capabilities can be used for simulation of different physical phenomena. In this article few interactive applets for Static, Dynamic, Strength of Materials and Theory of Mechanisms and Machines courses, are presented. An experiment with comparison of the test results of two group of students after the exercise beam about internal forces, shows that group trained with GeoGebra applets have significantly higher mean result.
Some aspects of technology transfer
Authors: Toca Alexei , Iaţchevici Vadim , Niţulenco Tatiana , Rusu Nicolae
Published: July 2018

Technological transfer is a complex and varied process, being realized out at different stages of technology readiness level. Being essentially a trading, technology transfer is fully subject to market laws. The technology transfer strategy and tactics are strongly influenced by the degree of technology's readiness level, systemic character, functional orientation and universality, technical and economic determination degrees that can be specified and determined in accordance with the stages of technology life cycle.
Management possibilities for increasing the electric steel quality
Authors: Costoiu Mihnea , Ioana Adrian , Semenescu Augustin , Marcu Dragos , Polifroni Massimo
Published: July 2018

The article presents the technological advances and modernizations carried out at national and / or world level in the field of increasing the electric steel quality. In this context, conventional complex steel processing methods are analyzed outside the electric arc furnace, in order to increase the electric steel quality. Special non-conventional procedures for the production of quality steels are also presented. The progress achieved in the field of steel production, mainly aimed at increasing productivity and quality, had as a basic premise the "secondary metallurgy" or the treatment of the metal outside the primary production aggregate (furnace or converter). This concept involves transforming the furnace or the converter into a specialized fast-melting aggregate, the rest of the processes specific to advanced steel refining being carried out in pots (which is why the "pot metallurgy" denomination is also used). We will also present in the article a revolutionary concept for the steel production in the electric arc furnace, a procedure which is the subject of a patent application belonging to the authors of this article, applying the pyramid effect for the steel production in the electric arc furnace.
A qualitative estimation of the influence of transport factors on the work efficiency
Authors: Ene Alexandru , Anghel Daniel-Constantin
Published: July 2018

In this paper we make a qualitative estimation of the influence of transport factors on the work efficiency (labour yield). There will be three classes of influence: positive influence, no influence and negative influence. We take into account some transportation factors like the level of noise during the transport, the level of temperature (the thermic comfort), etc. We use a software simulated feed forward neural network in order to solve this classification problem. The network will divide the input data (values for the transport factors) into these three classes. The input data are stored in an XML file, and they are obtained from a questionnaire that was completed by people working in automotive industry. The results are both useful for the transport companies and for the industry managers.
The restriction produced by the air filtration system versus the restriction produced by the air filter
Authors: Toma Marius , Stan Cornelia , Fileru Iordan
Published: July 2018

The air filtration system for an internal combustion engine comprises the air filter, the filter housing and the intake air duct which conducts the air flow from the vehicle grille to the filter housing. This generates gaso-dynamic resistances to the air intake into the engine. The air filter housing and the intake air duct are often mounted in the engine compartment mainly where it fits better and less according to the air flow and noise reduction criteria. The paper aims to show the contribution of the restriction produced by the filter housing and the intake air duct to the total restriction produced by the air filtration system. Several air filtration systems from vehicles fitted with both spark-ignition engines and diesel engines are tested. The results show that the restriction produced by the intake air duct system as well as the air filter housing have a significant contribution to the total restriction produced by the air filtration system of a vehicle engine.
The use of CPC theory for energy description of two nonlinear receivers
Authors: Zajkowski Konrad , Rusica Ivan , Palkova Zuzana
Published: July 2018

The article concerns a mathematical description of electric power in the case of two nonlinear receivers connected to a common supply network. This description was made on the basis of the fundamental CPC (Currents' Physical Components) power theory. This theory was developed for one nonlinear receiver. In the case of two nonlinear receivers of the same type, i.e. when the harmonics generated by them are created equal, the CPC theory requires some modification. This issue is important when it is necessary to determine the components of currents in an energy system supplying two nonlinear receivers.
Improper management of dams constructed with local materials, infiltration risk and wasted electric energy
Authors: Radulescu Victorita
Published: July 2018

The present paper presents a study case of improper dike rehabilitation and inefficient management of the water volume from two hydropower lakes, with dams built with local materials. In Romania, with its high hydrographic potential, this solution was adopted for construction of more than 600 hydropower plants, many of them now confronted with infiltration and erosion, and appeared into lateral sides of the dikes. The paper covers some theoretical and practical aspects referring to the functioning of hydropower lakes, establishing the cross-sections with problems in exploitation. Reduced water level produces less electric energy than initially estimated. The dam's construction was not correlated with the geomorphologic conditions and climatic parameters, being necessary supplementary measurements and data acquisition to calibrate the numerical model. There are mentioned some considerations referring at the mathematical model, based on new hypotheses of infiltration through sediments with different dimensions and characteristics. The flow through dikes is assumed non-permanent due to massive infiltration. Part of the numerical modeling, the obtained velocities of infiltration, and the streamlines are illustrated. The results of the tested solution prove its efficiency and allow illustrating and some other sections with possible risk in functioning. Some discussions, conclusions, and references are finally presented.
Cold engine cranking by means of modern energy storage devices - physical simulation
Authors: Tarasenko Alexey B. , Gabderakhmanova Tatiana S. , Kiseleva Sophia V. , Suleymanov Musi J.
Published: July 2018

Diesel or gasoline engine cold cranking is a serious problem for different vehicle operation in northern countries. The engine starting torque is usually provided by an on-board electrochemical battery represented by a lead-acid unit. Modern energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors (SCs), lithium-ion, nickel-cadmium (NiCd) and nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries react differently on low temperatures. Moreover, capacity losses also occur. Considering wide applications of such storage devices in electrical vehicles, their behaviour at low temperatures is of interest. Physical simulation of storage battery cold cranking was carried out using a climate chamber. Lithium-ion, NiCd, NiMH and lead-acid batteries were tested individually and paired with a SC unit to generate a power impulse for engine cranking. A number of experiments (up to five) for each type of storage devices were taken. The best performance results both for direct and hybrid cranking simulation were showed by LiFePO4-based and Ni-Cd batteries. The SC module itself showed the best performance, but its specific energy capacity cost is too high to have a large battery system based on SCs only. In this case a combined storage could give enough power to fulfill cranking demands.
Analysis of the evolution of pollution indicators in a crossroads area of Sibiu, Romania
Authors: Tarnu Lucian , Gligor Alina , Deac Cristian
Published: July 2018

Starting from a new study on carbon monoxide and noise pollution levels in an important crossroads area of the city of Sibiu, Romania, the current paper uses the data to compare with data obtained during past studies carried out on the same area, allowing an assessment of the evolution of the two pollution indicators over time. The recent study, carried out over a two-week period in November 2017 both during the peak morning hours and at midday, combined a video-based vehicle count with measurements of the carbon monoxide and of the noise level, respectively. The data comparison reveals not only a worsening of the pollution levels in the centre of Sibiu over the past few years and should allow the determining of the best methods and means for reducing the level of the pollutants, possibly in correlation with the improvement of the road traffic conditions.
Peculiarities of membrane bioreactors' maintenance
Authors: Makisha Nikolay , Kulakov Artem
Published: July 2018

The article reveals various factors, which determine the maintenance of membrane bioreactors for treatment of domestic and industrial sewage. Contamination of membranes is a consequence of poor pretreatment, when membrane accumulates hair, scraps of rags and other fibrous materials on its' fibers and in the cavities of membrane blocks. Aeration conditions have a significant impact on the performance of the membranes, also in sufficient sludge liquor mixing leads to membrane clogging. Size of pores, material of membrane and washing peculiarities are the factors that can affect MBR operation. The costs for installation and operation of membrane modules is still the limiting factor of their wide application, however now the situation is changing. There are key differences between membrane and conventional treatment of wastewater revealed such as costs, required area and quality of treatment.
Concentration of active sludge in the aeration reactors
Authors: Zaletova Nina , Morozova Nadezhda
Published: July 2018

The purpose of the paper was to study the dehydrogenase activity (DHA) of activated sludge in aeration tank. The article describes a change in enzyme activity, (dehydrogenase activity of sludge-DHA) of activated sludge while various time of aeration as well as various dose in sludge of aeration tank. Assessment changes enzyme activity were done on two indicators - on DHAor. (original dehydrogenase activity of sludge) and DHAH2O (dehydrogenase sludge activity with tap water). In the first case - DHA with the actual substrate, in the second case - DHA with poorly concentrated substrate. The work was performed on a pilot installation consisting of four models of aeration tanks blocked with sedimentation tanks, on a real city waste water. Working doses of sludge in biological wastewater treatment process was ranged from 2 to 6 g/l, time of aeration in aeration tanks changed from 3.5. up to 0.8 hours. Experimental studies have shown that regardless of the size of working sludge dose in aeration tank character of changes DHA or and DHAH2O is identical.
Latéromandibulie : détermination d’une mesure cutanée fiable
Authors: Martin Céline , Bouletreau Pierre , Cresseaux Paul , Lucas Renaud , Gebeile-Chauty Sarah
Published: July 2018

Introduction :Les mesures cliniques sur photographie de face sous-évaluent le décalage du menton dans les latéromandibulies. L’objectif de cette étude descriptive est de rechercher une méthode fiable de mesure du décalage du menton cutané, la téléradiographie de face servant de référence.Matériel et méthode :Soixante-dix patients présentant une latéromandibulie ayant consulté un chirurgien maxillo-facial ont été systématiquement inclus. L’âge, le genre, les caractéristiques céphalométriques, le motif de consultation des patients et le type de chirurgie ont été collectés. Deux méthodes céphalométriques comparant l’angle photographique et téléradiographique ont été testées par rapport au plan sagittal médian (PSM).Résultats :Les patients inclus sont en moyenne jeunes (26 ans +/− 9), de sexe féminin (pour 75 % des cas), hyperdivergents (FMA moyen : 28° +/− 8°), tendance classe III squelettique, avec un décalage du menton à gauche (63 % des cas). Ils consultent pour des raisons à la fois esthétique et fonctionnelle (51 % des cas) et nécessitent une chirurgie bi-maxillaire (66 % des cas). La comparaison entre les angles photographiques comparant l’angle photographique formé par le PSM et la droite passant par le nasion et rejoignant le point menton et l’angle radiographique formé par le PSM et la droite passant par le processus Crista Galli et le point menton osseux ne montre pas de différence significative (p=0,937) et s’avère fiable.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in blood donors in mainland China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Taiwu , Han Yifang , Pan Zuanqin , Wang Hengzhong , Yuan Meng , Lin Hong
Published: July 2018

Toxoplasma gondii transmitted from blood donors to receiving patients has become a concern as numerous articles about the epidemiology of T. gondii infection in blood donors from different provinces have been published in China. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in Chinese blood donors using a meta-analysis. A total of 40 eligible studies, published from 1986 to 2017 and covering 18 provinces and municipalities were included. Among a total of 49,784 Chinese blood donors, the overall IgG seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was 6.26% (95% CI: 4.62%–8.13%). The highest prevalence was in the Northeast of China and the lowest in Central China. The infection rate increased slowly over the years, but not significantly. A statistically significant correlation was found between the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and the detection method and educational level (p < 0.01). There was no relationship between age, gender, occupation and blood type and seroprevalence of T. gondii (p > 0.05). The prevalence of antibodies to T. gondii in Chinese blood donors was lower than in other countries, but the risk of transfusion-transmitted toxoplasmosis still exits. More concise methods are still needed to evaluate the possibility of transfusion-transmitted toxoplasmosis from blood donors.
Es lebe der Augenblick
Authors: Illichmann Ulrike
Published: July 2018

Erfahren Sie, welche positiven Effekte die angewandte Achtsamkeit sowohl bei Patienten als auch bei psychiatrisch Pflegenden bewirkt. Unsere Autorin stellt ausgewählte Methoden der Achtsamkeit vor und zeigt, wie Ihre Patienten und Sie trotz Hektik auf Station gelassen bleiben, das innere Gleichgewicht halten und die Aufmerksamkeit auf den Augenblick lenken.
Nicht anders, sondern einzigartig
Authors: Blumenrode Stefan
Published: July 2018

Die Angst, zurückgewiesen oder ausgegrenzt zu werden, ist für Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen oft eine enorme Belastung. Im Schwerpunkt ergründen wir die
Ursachen für Stigmatisierung, zeigen Folgen auf und stellen Interventionen zur Entstigmatisierung vor.
Klinikausstattung: Bad und Boden – elegant zu mehr Erlösen
Authors: König Romy
Published: July 2018

Immer häufiger investieren Kliniken in neue Optik, schicke Möbel, glanzvolle Bäder. Mit der Ästhetik-Offensive wollen sie nicht nur die Patienten beeindrucken, sondern vor allem: die privaten Krankenversicherungen. Goldene Wasserhähne jedoch, fand kma heraus, erwartet hier keiner.
Modulbauweise: Schnell, flexibel und wirtschaftlich
Authors: Brendebach Juliane
Published: July 2018

Qualitativ hochwertig, funktional und flexibel, ansprechend gestaltet, schnell errichtet sowie wirtschaftlich in Erstellung und Unterhalt sollen moderne Klinikbauten sein. Dazu kommt, dass die meisten Baumaß-nahmen im innerstädtischen Gebäudebestand vollzogen werden – schwierige statische und logistische Voraussetzungen sowie Bautätigkeiten bei laufendem Klinikbetrieb inbegriffen. Ein klarer Fall für moderne Modulbauweise, die hier ihre Vorteile ausspielen kann.
Neues Frauen-Kind-Zentrum am Klinikum Ludwigsburg: Ein besonderer Meilenstein in der Standortentwicklung
Authors: Rein Viktoria
Published: July 2018

Das Klinikum Ludwigsburg plante und realisierte von Anfang 2013 bis Ende des ersten Quartals 2017 mit dem Neubau eines Frauen-Kind-Zentrums eine abgestimmte medizinische Komplettversorgung der höchsten Versorgungsstufe unter einem Dach. Die Basis für die Konzeption des Neubaus lieferte eine Machbarkeitsstudie der HWP Planungsgesellschaft.
Klinikzusammenschluss: Tradition vereint an einem Standort
Authors: Bliesener Monique
Published: July 2018

Aus zwei Frankfurter Traditionshäusern ist ein modernes Krankenhaus entstanden: Das St. Marien-Krankenhaus ist nach Frankfurt-Bockenheim auf das Gelände des St. Elisabethen-Krankenhauses umgezogen. Die Zusammenführung beider Häuser mit ihren hochspezialisierten medizinischen Fachabteilungen und medizinischen Zentren ermöglicht ein optimiertes Diagnostik- und Therapieangebot.
Herausforderung Klinikzusammenschluss: Erfolgsfaktoren von Fusionen
Authors: Heitmann Christian
Published: July 2018

Kaum ein Markt ist derzeit einem so starken Konsolidierungsprozess ausgesetzt wie der Krankenhaussektor. Konsequenz ist die Zunahme von Schließungen oder die Übernahme von Krankenhäusern in größere Trägerschaften und Verbünde. Denn der Zusammenschluss von Krankenhäusern bietet zahlreiche Vorteile.
Krankenhaus Rating Report 2018: Nur sieben Prozent der Krankenhäuser insolvenzgefährdet
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: July 2018

Die wirtschaftliche Lage der Krankenhäuser in Deutschland hat sich 2016 leicht verbessert. Laut „Krankenhaus Rating Report“ des Wirtschaftsinstituts RWI in Essen lagen nur sieben Prozent im „roten Bereich“ erhöhter Insolvenzgefahr. Die Kapitalausstattung der Krankenhäuser bleibt allerdings weiterhin unzureichend.
Rechtskolumne: Kliniken steht Vergütung auch ohne Einweisung des Vertragsarztes zu
Authors: Rybak Christian
Published: July 2018

Können teilstationäre Leistungen auch dann vergütet werden, wenn hierfür keine Überweisung des behandelnden Arztes vorliegt? Ja, urteilte jetzt das Bundessozialgericht (BSG).
Initiative Qualitätsmedizin: Nichts für schwache Nerven
Authors: König Romy
Published: July 2018

Die Initiative Qualitätsmedizin ist eines der herausragenden Projekte im Gesundheitswesen. Lob kommt von allen Seiten, und auch nach 10 Jahren steigen die Mitgliedszahlen kontinuierlich. Herzstück der Initiative ist das Peer Review, das den Adrenalinspiegel von Chefärzten schon mal in die Höhe treibt.
IT-Sicherheit: Cyberabwehr mit hohem Spaßfaktor
Authors: Rieb Andreas
Published: July 2018

Schulungen für mehr IT-Sicherheit sind bei Klinikmitarbeitern nicht beliebt. Die Seminare sind trocken und voller Faktenwissen, gleichzeitig tritt der Ernstfall selten ein. Selbst IT-Fachpersonal vergisst das freudlos Gelernte schnell wieder. Doch es geht auch anders: Mit Planspielen wie „Operation Digitale Schlange“ lernen IT-Mitarbeiter spielerisch in Echtzeit, sich besser gegen Cyberattacken zu wappnen.
Smart Learning space als Instrument der Personalentwicklung: Wie digitalisiert man ein Krankenhaus? Chancen und Risiken für die Personalentwicklung
Authors: Hohenberg Gregor
Published: July 2018

Das Thema ist in aller Munde. Politiker, Ingenieure, Ärzte – alle sprechen über die Digitalisierung und über deren Folgen. Auch wenn es nach wie vor keine feste Definition gibt, was die digitale Transformation ist: Aufhalten lässt sich die Entwicklung nicht.
Improved Synthesis of Anxiolytic, Anticonvulsant, and Antinociceptive α2/α3-GABA(A)-ergic Receptor Subtype Selective Ligands as Promising Agents to Treat Anxiety, Epilepsy, and Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Cook James , Li Guanguan , Golani Lalit , Jahan Rajwana , Rashid Farjana
Published: July 2018

An improved synthesis of the anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and antinociceptive compounds: Hz-166, and its bioisosteres 1,2,4-oxadiazole (MP-III-080) and 1,3-oxazole (KRM-II-81) were synthesized in higher yields and with more facile purification methods (crystallization, etc.) in multigram quantities without column chromatography. In the synthesis of KRM-II-81, an alternative procedure was employed using the selective reducing reagent, potassium diisobutyl-tert-butoxyaluminum hydride (PDBBA), to prepare the desired C(3)-aldehyde in the absence of N(5)–C(6) imine reduction in good yield on a 20 gram scale.
Historia y actualidad de las diferencias entre la posición prono y supino en nefrolitotomia percutánea
Authors: Rivillas-Miranda Néstor , Yepes Catalina , Valencia Jenny , Cabrales Hessen Manuel
Published: July 2018

La posición de decúbito prono se ha considerado la principal para el acceso percutáneo al riñón durante los últimos 25 años; mientras que la posición supina de Valdivia ha comenzado recientemente a ganar aceptación, aunque fue descrita originalmente en la década de 1980. Incluso, más recientemente, la posición supina Valdivia Galdakao - modificada fue descrita. Sin embargo, no hay consenso sobre cuál es la mejor posición para la nefrolitotomía percutánea y la elección se basa actualmente en la preferencia del cirujano. Este artículo tiene por objetivo revisar la evidencia sobre ambas técnicas quirúrgicas y dar elementos al lector para tomar decisiones. No hay diferencias en la tasa de éxito, entendida como tasa libre de cálculo entre las posiciones prono y supino. En prono hay mayor riesgo de sangrado y necesidad de transfusiones, así como mayor tiempo quirúrgico. La posición supina se ha descrito como más segura en pacientes con obesidad, enfermedades pulmonares restrictivas y alteraciones anatómicas óseas y de la vía urinaria.
The Use of a Commercial ELISA for Assay of Thrombin-Antithrombin Complexes in Purified Systems
Authors: Elgue G , Pasche B , Blombäck M , Olsson p
Published: July 2018

Inhibition of thrombin by antithrombin III (AT) results in the formation of stable thrombin-AT complexes (TAT). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) following the sandwich principle is available for the determination of TAT complexes in human plasma, however, this ELISA method could not be used in purified systems containing thrombin and AT. It has therefore been modified for use in purified systems and an excellent correlation was found between the disappearance of thrombin and AT and the recovery of TAT complexes. Addition of thrombin inhibitor hirudin and heparin inhibitor polybrene into the reacting thrombin-AT mixture did not interfere with the assay of TAT. It was found that the use of siliconised tubes was necessary for the conservation of the TAT complexes.
Efectos del reimplante vesicoureteral en pacientes con trasplante renal y con reflujo vesicoureteral del injerto en la clínica universitaria Colombia, 2014-2016
Authors: González Nataly , Ibáñez Diego , Lizcano Herrera Ana , Bedoya Milena
Published: July 2018

Introducción y Objetivos El reflujo vesicoureteral posterior al trasplante renal es una complicación poco frecuente. Esa patología favorece las infecciones urinarias y el deterioro de la función renal, dependiendo de las características y del grado de reflujo, se puede realizar el tratamiento. Sin embargo, el manejo definitivo consiste en la reintervención quirúrgica ya sea por vía endoscópica o abierta. No se tiene conocimiento sobre las características clínicas, así como la función renal y la prevalencia de infecciones urinarias en esa población. El objetivo de este trabajo, fue describir las principales características clínicas relacionadas con la función renal pre y post reimplante ureteral y la prevalencia de infecciones urinarias y hospitalizaciones en pacientes trasplantados renales con reflujo vesicoureteral.

Materiales y Métodos Estudio descriptivo de serie de expuestos, realizado en pacientes trasplantados renales con reflujo vesicoureteral sometidos a ureteroneocistotomía. Las principales variables de estudio fueron función renal, número de infecciones urinarias y necesidad de hospitalización, previo al reimplante ureteral y a los tres meses posteriores. Se tomó la totalidad de pacientes operados entre los años 2014 y 2016. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo con medidas de frecuencia y tendencia central y una comparación de los resultados clínicos según la técnica quirúrgica usada (abierta o endoscópica).

Resultados en el estudio se incluyeron 16 pacientes trasplantados renales con reflujo vesicoureteral del injerto como complicación postoperatoria que posteriormente fueron sometidos a la ureteroneocistostomía. El promedio de edad de la población fue de 43 años (D.E. ±  14,5), trasplante renal con donante cadavérico en un 87,5% y vivo del 12,5%. Según el grado de reflujo vesicoureteral previo a la corrección, el 41,6% eran grado III, seguido por grado II en el 25% y grado IV en el 25%. El abordaje quirúrgico de elección para el reimplante fue abierto en un 68,7% y endoscópico en el 31,2% de los casos. La función renal posterior al reimplante muestra tendencia a la mejoría con un promedio en el nivel de creatinina pre en 1.66 (D.E. ± 1,19) y post reimplante ureteral en 1.5 (D.E. ±  0,64). Por otra parte, las infecciones urinarias disminuyeron de 4.5 (D.E. ±  3,2) a 1.1 (D.E. ±  1,36) por año y el número de hospitalizaciones se redujo de 2.8 (D.E. ±  3,2) a 0.9 (D.E. ± 1,28) en el seguimiento.

Conclusiones en los pacientes con trasplante renal y corrección quirúrgica del reflujo vesicoureteral se encontraron niveles estables de azoados y se observó una disminución en el número de infecciones urinarias y de necesidad de hospitalizaciones, lo cual puede servir de base para futuros estudios con mayor muestra, analíticos y prospectivos que demuestren el impacto del reimplante vesicoureteral en la función renal y en las infecciones urinarias en ese grupo de pacientes.
Sexualidad en el adulto mayor, conductas y retos – revisión de la literatura
Authors: López-Ramos Hugo , Medina-Rico Mauricio , Hernandez Paula , Silva José Miguel
Published: July 2018

Introducción Pese a que se ha descrito la presencia de actividad sexual en el adulto mayor, ella tiende a menospreciarse. Al no contar con personas con quienes puedan hablar de sus dificultades o les facilite información, los adultos mayores pueden tener problemas para tener una vida sexual activa, así como mayor probabilidad de presentar conductas de riesgo.

Objetivo Identificar las actividades sexuales y los problemas en ese campo más frecuentes en el adulto mayor.

Métodos Se realizó una revisión en las bases de datos: Medline, Embase, Lilacs y Scielo. Se incluyeron estudios que brindaron información sobre la sexualidad en el adulto mayor al respecto de: Conductas sexuales más frecuentes, condiciones asociadas a una mejor o peor satisfacción sexual, y comunicación con el adulto mayor.

Resultados Se revisaron 2.342 artículos por título y el resumen. En total se seleccionaron 27 referencias para revisión en texto completo. Se identificó la importancia de la sexualidad en el adulto mayor en la calidad de vida y cómo ella se ve afectada por la presencia de condiciones como: cáncer, diabetes y depresión; además de falta de deseo, disfunción eréctil en el hombre y la menopausia en la mujer. Dentro de las conductas sexuales más frecuentes se describen: los besos, el coito genital, el sexo oral y la masturbación.

Conclusiones Es importante conocer las condiciones que afectan la sexualidad del adulto mayor y entender la forma en que ellos desean vivir su sexualidad para facilitar la comunicación en la consulta y ayudarlos a tener una vida sexual satisfactoria.
The Effect of Trace Amounts of Tissue Factor on Thrombin Generation in Platelet Rich Plasma, its Inhibition by Heparin
Authors: Béguin S , Lindhout T , Hemker H C
Published: July 2018

Amounts of human brain thromboplastin that do not stimulate thrombin generation in platelet poor plasma, were shown to advance by about 4 min an explosive formation of thrombin that occurs after recalcification in the presence of blood platelets. This synergistic effect is inhibited by the specific thrombin inhibitor hirudin and mimicked by adding low concentrations (< 5 nM) of thrombin to platelet rich plasma. It is our conclusion that, small amounts of thrombin, generated under the influence of thromboplastin induced procoagulant activity in the blood platelets. This activity is most likely mainly due to procoagulant phospholipids. Heparin inhibits this effect and retards the explosive thrombin formation. It does not, however, diminish the peak amount of thrombin eventually formed, because heparin neutralizing material released from the activated platelets quenches the heparin effect.
R 68 070: Thromboxane A2 Synthetase Inhibition and Thromboxane A2/Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Receptor Blockade Combined in One Molecule - II. Pharmacological Effects In Vivo and Ex Vivo
Authors: Clerck F De , Beetens J , Water A Van de , Vercammen E , Janssen P A J
Published: July 2018

R 68 070 or (E)-5-[[[(3-pyridinyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]- methylen]amino]oxy] pentanoic acid (Janssen Research Foundation, Belgium), a newly developed compound, combining specific thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthetase inhibition with TXA2/pros- taglandin endoperoxide receptor blockade in one molecule, is active in vivo in man and in experimental animals.

In man (n = 5), a single oral 400-mg dose of R 68 070 produces deep and protracted inhibition of platelet TXA2 synthetase activity (≥90% for 48 h), increases serum levels of immuno- reactive 6-keto-PGF1α, reduces platelet aggregation in RR.R induced by U 46619, collagen (>70% for 8 h), arachidonic acid (>90% for 18 h) and prolongs template bleeding times significantly, without affecting plasma coagulation or fibrinolysis.

In rats, R 68 070 (1.25 mg/kg orally, –2 h) singly prolongs tail bleeding times as much as a combination of TXA2 synthetase inhibition (dazoxiben 10 mg/kg) and TXA2/prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor blockade (BM 13177 40 mg/kg). In dogs, the compound reduces coronary thrombosis induced by electrical damage (1.25 mg/kg i. v.) and prevents the evolution of occlusion/ reperfusion-induced arrhythmias into ventricular fibrillation (2.5 mg/kg i.v.). R 68 070 thus may be an appropriate pharmacological tool to analyze the roles and interactions of agonistic (TXA2, prostaglandin endoperoxides) and antagonistic (PGD2, PGE2, PGI2) metabolites of arachidonic acid in experimental and human pathologies.