bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neumonía organizativa como manifestación inicial de arteritis de Takayasu: Reporte de un caso
Authors: Salas-Yábar Rudy , Cabrera-Rivero José Luis , Rueda Carlos , Estela Cinthya , Bernal-Turpo Capriny Magdalena
Published: July 2023

La arteritis de Takayasu (AT) es una enfermedad inflamatoria rara que afecta a grandes vasos, como la aorta y sus ramas. Los síntomas iniciales son variados y pueden incluir mareos, fiebre, lesiones cutáneas y mialgias. El diagnóstico se realiza con criterios clínicos, pruebas de imagen, laboratorio e histopatología. Las manifestacionespulmonares constituyen formas de presentación muy infrecuentes e incluyen neumonía organizativa, efusión pleural e hipertensión pulmonar. Presentamos el caso de una mujer asmática joven, con historia de neumonitisrecurrente y disnea progresiva, asociados a compromiso inflamatorio de grandes vasos por arteritis de Takayasu.
THỬ NGHIỆM ÁP DỤNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP HỌC TÍCH CỰC VÀO GIỜ DẠY “TIẾNG NHẬT DU LỊCH” TẠI KHOA TIẾNG NHẬT BẢN, TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC HÀ NỘI
Authors: Nghiêm Hồng Vân
Published: July 2023

Hiện nay, phương pháp học tích cực - “active learning” - nhấn mạnh quá trình học tập và tiếp thu chứ không chú trọng vào kết quả, giúp cho người học phát triển khả năng tư duy độc lập, kỹ năng tự học và kỹ năng giải quyết vấn đề đang được nhiều quốc gia có nền giáo dục tiên tiến trên thế giới áp dụng. Bài viết trình bày kết quả thử nghiệm áp dụng phương pháp này vào giờ học “Tiếng Nhật du lịch” tại Khoa tiếng Nhật Bản, Trường Đại học Hà Nội; chỉ ra những tồn tại của giờ học khi áp dụng phương pháp dạy truyền thống, những ưu điểm và thách thức khi áp dụng phương pháp mới này; từ đó đưa ra các chỉ dẫn để áp dụng cũng như đánh giá hiệu quả của phương pháp này nhằm nâng cao hơn nữa chất lượng giảng dạy môn học.

Nowadays, active learning is used in education systems of many developed countries. It puts an emphasis on learners’ acquisition and learning process rather than outcomes, facilitate their development of individual thinking, self-study and problem-solving skills. This paper presents an experimental study on adopting this approach in “Japanese for tourism” classes at the Japanese Department, Hanoi University. It points out the remaining problems of traditional teaching methods, advantages and challenges of this approach; thence, provides instructions as to effectively use and assess it to improve teaching.
SO SÁNH ĐỐI CHIẾU THÀNH NGỮ CHỈ SỰ QUYẾT TÂM TRONG TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT TỪ GÓC NHÌN LIÊN VĂN HÓA
Authors: Nguyễn Nhật Quang
Published: July 2023

Để giao tiếp hiệu quả, người học ngoại ngữ cần phải có kiến thức về ngôn ngữ, kỹ năng ngôn ngữ và văn hóa. Đơn vị ngữ cú, cụ thể trong nghiên cứu này là thành ngữ, là gốc của hầu hết mọi nền văn hóa cũng như một phần quan trọng trong việc tiếp thu ngôn ngữ. Thông qua việc phân tích ngữ nghĩa và đặc điểm liên văn hóa, nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích chỉ ra những điểm tương đồng và khác biệt về thành ngữ chỉ lòng quyết tâm trong tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt trên cơ sở ngôn ngữ học đối chiếu. Từ đó nghiên cứu rút ra những khác biệt theo định hướng liên văn hóa giữa hai ngôn ngữ về hình tượng liên tưởng trong việc dùng thành ngữ. Hơn thế nữa, giáo viên có thể khuyến khích tinh thần ham học hỏi của học viên trong quá trình khám phá vẻ đẹp của thành ngữ trong hai ngôn ngữ. Từ cơ sở nghiên cứu này người học ngôn ngữ sẽ tìm ra mối quan hệ của hai ngôn ngữ và hai nền văn hóa, từ đó làm giàu kinh nghiệm về ngôn ngữ và đời sống. Các nhà biên soạn sách giáo khoa cũng có thể dùng nó để tăng yếu tố bản địa Việt Nam trong quá trình biên soạn sách học tiếng Anh.For the purpose of effective communication, every learner of a foreign language needs knowledge of the language, skills and culture. Phraseological units, particularly proverbs in this study, are the root of almost all cultures as well as a critical part of language acquisition. This research, based on cross-cultural features and semantic analysis, aims to point out the similarities and differences of English and Vietnamese determination proverbs. This research can, therefore, explore the cross-cultural gaps between the two languages in terms of proverbs’ referents. Moreover, teachers can promote the learning spirit of students in their exploration of the beauty of proverbs in both languages. From this study, students can find out the relationship between the two languages and cultures, as well as gain more background knowledge and experience. Coursebook designers can also use this research as a source of reference to localize English coursebooks in Vietnam.
NGHIÊN CỨU ỨNG DỤNG ANKI NHẰM GIA TĂNG VỐN TỪ VỰNG CHO SINH VIÊN NĂM THỨ NHẤT TẠI MỘT TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Ở VIỆT NAM
Authors: Dương Anh Chiến  , Nguyễn Phương Trinh
Published: July 2023

Nghiên cứu này khảo sát tính hiệu quả của ứng dụng Anki trong việc học từ vựng tiếng Anh và quan điểm của người học về ứng dụng này dựa trên 3 tiêu chí: sự hữu ích, sự tiện lợi và sự hài lòng. Đối tượng tham gia vào quá trình nghiên cứu là 2 nhóm sinh viên đến từ 2 lớp, có trình độ tiếng Anh được đánh giá là sơ cấp. Cả 2 nhóm đều trải qua bài pre-test, sau đó được tham gia vào 3 tuần học từ vựng trong chương trình KET Vocabulary List của Cambridge TESOL (tương đương khung năng lực bậc A2). Trong đó, nhóm đối chứng (tổng số=18) học phương pháp truyền thống với flashcards; nhóm thực nghiệm (tổng số=18) học từ vựng thông qua ứng dụng Anki. Cả 2 nhóm sau đó được làm bài kiểm tra nhằm so sánh kết quả của 2 phương pháp nêu trên. Kết quả chỉ ra rằng, cả 2 phương pháp đều giúp người học đạt kết quả tốt trong việc học từ vựng; tuy nhiên, nhóm thực nghiệm có kết quả tốt hơn nhóm đối chứng. Như vậy, có thể kết luận rằng, Anki là ứng dụng hiệu quả trong việc nâng cao vốn từ vựng cho người học.This study investigates the impacts of Anki, a web-based flashcard program, on learners’ vocabulary learning and their perceptions towards the program based on three criteria: usefulness, convenience and satisfaction. Participants from two intact classes at elementary level were included in the study. Both groups underwent a pre-test and then participated in a 3-week course to learn the KET Vocabulary List developed by Cambridge TESOL (CEFR level A2). The control group (n = 18) utilized traditional paper flashcards while the experimental group (n = 18) used Anki flashcards. They then took a post-test so that comparisons between these two methods could be drawn. The results showed that both methods would facilitate learners’ vocabulary learning; however, the experimental group had better performance than the control one. Therefore, it can be concluded that Anki is an effective tool for language learners to improve their vocabulary.
ĐỀ XUẤT ỨNG DỤNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP HỌC ĐẢO NGƯỢC NHẰM CẢI TIẾN VIỆC DẠY VÀ HỌC CHỮ HÁN TRONG TIẾNG NHẬT
Authors: Vũ Thúy Nga
Published: July 2023

Tiếng Nhật có hệ thống chữ viết đa dạng và phức tạp, trong đó, chữ Hán chiếm khoảng 70% trong các văn bản. Hiện đã có nhiều nghiên cứu về tiếng Nhật trên nhiều bình diện, nhưng nghiên cứu liên quan đến dạy và học chữ Hán trong tiếng Nhật còn rất hạn chế. Đặc biệt, ở Việt Nam nghiên cứu về phương pháp dạy và học chữ Hán vẫn là vấn đề còn bỏ ngỏ. Bài viết đề cập đến những khó khăn khi dạy và học chữ Hán trong giáo trình tiếng Nhật Minna no Nihongo ở Trường Đại học Hà Nội. Qua đó, đề xuất cải tiến sử dụng phần mềm kết hợp ứng dụng phương pháp học đảo ngược để nâng cao hiệu quả trong dạy và học chữ Hán tiếng Nhật.Japanese language has a diverse and complex writing system in which Kanji accounts for about 70%. Nowadays, there have been many studies on Japanese language in various aspects, but those related to teaching and learning Kanji remain very limited. Especially, in Vietnam, there is a lack of research on Kanji teaching and learning methods. This article deals with difficulties in teaching and learning Kanji with the Japanese coursebook Minna no Nihongo at Hanoi University, then proposes improvements in the use of software and flipped learning to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning Japanese Kanji.
ẨN DỤ TRI NHẬN VỀ MÙA HÈ TRONG CA TỪ TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT
Authors: Sỹ Thị Thơm
Published: July 2023

Nghiên cứu này nhằm phát hiện ẩn dụ tri nhận trong tiếng Anh qua các ca từ trong bài hát tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt, dựa trên cơ sở lý thuyết về ẩn dụ tri nhận do Lakoff và Johnson khởi xướng vào năm 1980. Nghiên cứu tiến hành dựa trên số liệu được thu thập từ 304 bài hát, trong đó 156 bài tiếng Anh và 148 bài tiếng Việt từ thế kỉ 20 đến nay và tuân thủ theo phương pháp nhận biết ẩn dụ của Steen (1999). Hai phương pháp nghiên cứu chính trong bài là phương pháp mô tả và so sánh. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có 20 ẩn dụ tri nhận được tìm ra thông qua việc tìm các miền nguồn mang tính cụ thể đã ánh xạ lên miền đích - mùa hè, trong đó có 10 ẩn dụ giống nhau trong hai ngôn ngữ. Nghiên cứu cũng đã chỉ ra được sự giống và khác nhau của ẩn dụ về mùa hè giữa hai ngôn ngữ này, đồng thời đưa ra những giải thích cho sự tương đồng và khác biệt này dưới góc nhìn văn hóa, gồm kinh nghiệm và môi trường sống của con người.

This study aims to identify English conceptual metaphors expressed in English and Vietnamese lyrics based on the theory of conceptual metaphors introduced by Lakoff and Johnson in 1980. The data were collected from 304 English and Vietnamese songs (156 and 148 songs respectively) from the 20th century to the present on the basis of Steen’s (1999) procedure for metaphor identification. This descriptive-comparative study identifies 20 conceptual metaphors expressing summer, 10 of which are similar in the two languages. The study also reveals the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese metaphors of summer, and then provides explanations for them from the cultural aspects, including people’s living experiences and environment.
Nghiên cứu về các loại hình ngữ nghĩa tri nhận của cấu trúc bổ ngữ khả năng “V de/bu qi” trong tiếng Hán hiện đại
Authors: Hiền Nguyễn Thị
Published: July 2023

“Phạm trù khả năng” là một phạm trù ý niệm phổ quát trong ngôn ngữ của con người. Trong tiếng Hán hiện đại phạm trù này được thể hiện thông qua các hình thức cú pháphình thành nên cấu trúc bổ ngữ khả năng “V de/bu C”. Bài viết này trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu một tiểu loại cấu trúc bổ ngữ khả năng “V de/bu qi” và tập trung mô tả, phân loại các loại hình ngữ nghĩa tri nhận của “V de/bu qi”trong tiếng Hán. 

“Potential” is a universal conceptual category that exists in human languages. This category is demonstrated through structures that form the potential complement “V de/bu C” in modern Chinese. This paper presents an analysis on a kind of this structure and focuses on describing and categorizing the cognitive semantic forms of the Chinese potential complement “V de/bu qi”.
Tìm hiểu bố cục tóm tắt của các nghiên cứu khoa học trong lĩnh vực ngôn ngữ học ứng dụng
Authors: Linh Lại Mỹ , Lệ Lê Nữ Cẩm
Published: July 2023

Tóm tắt là phần đầu tiên của bài báo khoa học nhằm trình bày những nội dung chính của bài báo cũng như thu hút sự chú ý của người đọc. Nghiên cứu này phân tích bố cục của 30 tóm tắt trong các bài báo gần đây của tạp chí Ngôn ngữ học ứng dụng quốc tế dựa trên khung phân tích của Hyland (2004). Kết quả phân tích chỉ ra rằng Mục đích, Phương pháp nghiên cứu và Kết quả nghiên cứu là các phần phổ biến nhất. Ngoài ra, mặc dù được lấy từ cùng một tạp chí, nhưng các tóm tắt có sự khác biệt về bố cục. Nghiên cứu này cung cấp thêm thông tin cho giáo viên tiếng Anh về bố cục của một bài tóm tắt để giáo viên có thể hỗ trợ học viên viết bài báo khoa học tốt hơn. 

The abstract is the first part of a research paper which not only serves the purpose of briefing the significant results of the study, but also plays a role as the reader-catcher of the whole work. This study analyses the rhetorical move structures in 30 abstracts published in the International Applied Linguistics journal on the basis of Hyland’s abstract move framework (2004). The findings show that Purpose, Method and Product are the most common moves. Additionally, despite being collected from the same journal, the structure of the moves varies in the corpus. Important insights about the features of rhetorical move structure in abstracts are also provided in order for teachers to help their learners improve their academic research papers.
Phương pháp biên soạn giáo trình Dịch viết Kinh tế - Thương mại tiếng Nhật tại Trường Đại học Hà Nội
Authors: Vân Nghiêm Hồng
Published: July 2023

Học phần Dịch viết Kinh tế - Thương mại nằm trong hệ thống các học phần chuyên ngành thuộc định hướng Tiếng Nhật thương mại, chương trình đào tạo cử nhân ngành Ngôn ngữ Nhật tại Trường Đại học Hà Nội. Học phần nhằm cung cấp cho người học những kiến thức cơ bản về lý thuyết dịch, đặc biệt là biên dịch trong lĩnh vực kinh tế - thương mại, những cấu trúc ngữ pháp và vốn từ vựng thuộc chuyên ngành kinh tế - thương mại và kĩ thuật biên dịch để từ đó tiến hành dịch các loại tài liệu, văn bản trong lĩnh vực kinh tế - thương mại. Học phần hiện đang được giảng dạy tại khoa tiếng Nhật với tập bài giảng do giảng viên phụ trách học phần tự biên soạn, tuy nhiên về nội dung vẫn còn nhiều điểm hạn chế nên chưa đảm bảo giúp đạt được mục tiêu và chuẩn đầu ra của học phần. Bài viết tập trung vào việc đưa ra các định hướng về phương pháp cho việc biên soạn giáo trình Dịch viết Kinh tế - Thương mại tiếng Nhật tại Trường Đại học Hà Nội, bao gồm: xác định mục tiêu, yêu cầu của việc biên soạn; các định hướng về cấu trúc giáo trình; về lựa chọn và tổ chức ngữ liệu... nhằm đảm bảo chất lượng và tính khoa học của giáo trình.

Economic and Trade Translation is one of the specialized modules in Japanese language undergraduate program at Hanoi University. This course aims to equip learners with fundamental translation theories, particularly translation in the field of trade and economy, grammar structures and lexis frequently used in trade and economy and translation techniques to facilitate their economic and trade translation. A set of teaching materials compiled by the lecturers are utilized in this course; however, the learning objectives and expected outcomes have yet been achieved due to the limitations in teaching contents. This paper focuses on offering directions for the development of textbooks on economic and trade translation at Hanoi University, including defining the aims and requirements, specifying the structure of the contents, choosing and organizing corpora ... to ensure the quality and scientificity of the textbooks.
Thông tin và ngôn ngữ trong Cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0
Authors: Sự Lê Văn
Published: July 2023

Bài viết trình bày tổng quát về bản chất của cách mạng công nghiệp lần thứ tư được phản ánh qua một số khái niệm cơ bản như: Trí tuệ nhân tạo, Dữ liệu lớn, Internet kết nối vạn vật, Điện toán đám mây, Thực tại ảo, Chuỗi khối, v.v.. Đồng thời nêu lên bản chất, vai trò của thông tin và ngôn ngữ với tư cách là những công cụ cơ bản phản ánh và hỗ trợ cho sự vận hành của cuộc cách mạng này.

The article presents an overview of the Fourth Industrial Revolution reflected in some fundamental concepts such as: Artificial Intelligence, Big data, Internet of Things, Cloud computing, Virtual reality, Block-chain, ... It also discusses the nature and role of information and language as basic tools to elucidate and support this revolution.
Students' perception towards the use of L1 in the EFL classrooms: A case at Tra Vinh University
Authors: Nguyễn Ngọc Thảo Nhung
Published: July 2023

The issue of whether to use the monolingual or bilingual approaches in EFL teaching and learning has been the subject debated for years. This quantitative study aims to investigate the English majors’ perceptions towards the use of L1 in the EFL classrooms. A questionnaire was administered to 50 students in order to identify their reasons for using L1 and their perceptions towards their teachers’ use of L1 in the English classroom. The findings reveal that the students resorted to their mother tongue mostly for dealing with complex knowledge and accurately expressing their problems in the situations where they thought they needed help from the teacher. Besides, the participants appreciated their teachers’ rational use of L1, especially at the initial stage of the course.
Team-based collaboration for EFL mobile app development: An investigation At Hanoi University
Authors: Phạm Ngọc Thạch
Published: July 2023

This article presents the experience of a team in their implementation of a ministerial research project to develop a mobile application for English language learning for Vietnamese teenagers. This study utilizes Berge’s (1997) model of online facilitator roles, and Stark and Luttuca’s (1997) framework on academic plans to analyze secondary materials such as meeting minutes, Zalo messages, and personal experiences of the team members in developing a mobile application for English language learning at A2 and B1 levels (equivalent to levels 2 and 3 of Vietnam’s language proficiency framework). The study results reveal the significance of three factors: team collaboration, coordinator’s role, and initiatives in developing a mobile application for English language learning. This study offers some practical implications for teambased collaboration between the subject matter experts and technical specialists in an interdisciplinary research project.
Synoptic Review of Stenobrimus Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea: Heteropterygidae: Obriminae), with the Description of a New Species from the Cavinti Karst Landscape, Laguna, Philippines
Authors: Lit Ireneo , Eusebio Orlando , Lucañas Cristian , Barrion-Dupo Aimee Lynn , Abenis Kristine , Taray Kirk , Alviola Marnelli , Naredo Jeremy Carlo
Published: July 2023

The unique Philippine spiny stick insect genus Stenobrimus, was reviewed. One new species, S. pilipinus Eusebio, Lit & Lucañas, sp. nov., is described from the forest over limestone outside the Cavinti Underground River and Cave Complex (CURCC) in Cavinti, Laguna Province. S. pilipinus, sp. nov., is unique among Stenobrimus species in having post-median mesonotal spines in both males and females. Its morphologically nearest congeners, S. bolivari Redtenbacher and S. tagalog Rehn & Rehn, are redescribed. The distribution of the genus in relation to karst forests and the historical biogeography of the Philippines is briefly discussed. Revised keys to the identification of Stenobrimus species for males, females, and eggs are presented.
Full Genome and Individual Gene Analysis for Evolutionary Patterns of Locally Circulating Rabies Virus in Davao City
Authors: Buenaventura Sheryl Grace , Labrador Christian , Bacus Michael , Eng Ma. Noreen , Lagare Arlene , Marquez Gloria , Murao Lyre Anni
Published: July 2023

Disease surveillance remains a challenge in the Philippines due to its limited resources. Integration of genomic-based surveillance in the National Rabies Control Program provides additional insights into rabies virus (RABV) evolution and transmission dynamics and can, therefore, inform public health decisions. This pilot study used the previously reported 49 RABV sequences in Davao City and some neighboring provinces to evaluate the utility of targeted sequencing as an inexpensive alternative to whole genome sequencing. We applied different tree distance metrics to compare RABV whole genome (WG) and individual RABV genes. Phylogenetic trees reconstructed using IQTree2 and BEAST were used to compare differences in phylogenetic signals, tree topology, and evolutionary patterns. There were no significant differences in the phylogenetic signals of the three major clades in the trees, with strong support values for sampling variance and underlying variances at the gene and site levels. A comparison of the Bayesian phylogenetic tree of WG and individual genes showed that there were no significant differences in the substitution rate and divergence time. Moreover, patristic distances (PDs) of all individual gene trees were positively correlated and congruent to the RABV WG of identical strains, with correlation values above 99%, which ruled out the possibility of missing out on relevant findings on evolutionary dynamics using only individual genes. Based on the results of our detailed genetic analyses, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L) and phosphoprotein (P) segments were identified as the best biomarkers to investigate the evolutionary analysis of locally circulating RABV variants in Davao City due to the close PDs of their trees relative to the WG. Less expensive options such as gene-based surveillance will enable the local government to trace and monitor the actual genetic diversity and spread of the virus, which could lead to the design and implementation of focused strategies.
New Records of Podontia quatuordecimpunctata (L.) (Sineguelas Leaf Beetle) (Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) on Spondias spp. (Anacardiaceae) and Its Geographic Distribution in the Philippines
Authors: Adorada Joel , Calcetas Orlando , Anabo Rachel Ann , Staines Charles , Gallegos Madora Abril , Zulueta Brian Joseph , Recuenco Monalisa , Alvarez Flora , Serquina Albert
Published: July 2023

Podontia quatuordecimpunctata (L.) or the “sineguelas” leaf beetle is reported from the Philippines. Red sineguelas (Spondias purpurea L.), golden apple or yellow sineguelas (S. dulcis Forst.), and hog plum or “libas” [S. pinnata (L.f.) Kurz.] are reported as host plants. However, feeding on S. philippinensis (Elm.) and S. mombin L. (hog plum are unverified. The current geographic distribution and pest status of P. quatuordecimpunctata are presented.
Consumption of Household Disinfectants during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Sorsogon, Philippines
Authors: Longavela Mabille , Dumilag Richard , Malto Mark Ariel , Orgela Elden , Belgica Teresa Haide , Mendoza Lynn , Hibay Janet , San Pablo Mae , Enmel Carmela , Calaminos Franklin , Bailon Jinky , Corral Laurence Elmer , Berdin Leny , Chua Vivien , Olipany Ruby , Mintu Cynthia , Laza Benilda , Gerardo John Patrick , Ruiz Caesar Franz
Published: July 2023

Knowledge of behavior and perception changes about the use of household disinfectants in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic is largely unexplored. Through a survey, we took into consideration the locals’ responses from Sorsogon, Philippines. Alcohol and oxidizing agents were found to be the most commonly used household disinfectant products in Sorsogon. Most of the respondents have shifted to the everyday use of disinfectant products during the pandemic. Increased disinfectant consumerism was positively associated with genders, employed respondents, and students but not among housewives and non-employed respondents. Most of the respondents agreed that various factors are needed to consider when choosing disinfectants. They were also knowledgeable about the possible effects of disinfectant wastes on the environment. How would these collective positive behavior changes during the new normal era warrant further attention.
Sustainable Development Goal Target Interactions in the Philippines: a Two-method Approach
Authors: Bongolan Vena Pearl , Soria Spencer , Rivera Roselle Leah
Published: July 2023

In 2015, the United Nations adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with 169 targets for transformation toward a more sustainable future by 2030. Around the world, countries struggle with their implementation, deciding priorities, and wonder about the “consistency” of these goals and targets. This study seeks to evaluate and analyze SDG target interactions in the Philippines to determine resolution measures for conflicting targets, and prioritization for reinforcing targets. The problem is modeled as a graph with 169 nodes (targets) and 14,196 edges (target interactions). Two methods are employed. First, experts were asked to evaluate interactions using a 7-point scale. It then becomes an “edge-coloring” problem for the graph. Second, a non-parametric Spearman rank correlation is used on official indicator data with resulting coefficients serving as interaction scores. The graph is similarly colored depending on the correlations. Scores are then interpreted to mean that target pairs interact positively (synergies), negatively (trade-offs), or neutrally (non-classified). Edge colorings are at sdg-interactions.herokuapp.com. Results from both methods were synthesized to formulate recommendations – most notably, negative interactions involving targets 3.1 (“Reduce maternal mortality”), 3.6 (“Reduce road injuries and deaths”), and 3.7 (“Universal access to sexual and reproductive care, family planning, and education”). Negative interactions/ trade-offs should be carefully studied and resolved for better implementation efficiency. Targets that reinforce each other should be prioritized (subject to country objectives) – including 1.1 (“Eradicate extreme poverty”), 1.2 (“Reduce poverty by at least 50%”), 4.2 (“Equal access to quality pre-primary education”), 4.B (“Expand higher education scholarships for developing countries”), 6.2 (“End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene”), 6.6 (“Protect and restore water- related ecosystems”), 8.1 (“Sustainable economic growth”), 8.5 (“Full employment and decent work with equal pay”), 9.4 (“Upgrade all industries and infrastructures for sustainability”), and 9.5 (“Enhance research and upgrade industrial technologies”). Both methods are hampered by data collection. Efforts to recruit respondents and make the website more “intuitive” are continuing. The method of UN Indicators might be improved since, currently, the mapping of indicators to targets, as well as the weighting of indicators for their effects on targets are “global” – that is, there is only one mapping and one weighting system for all countries, and this has been questioned, pointing to possible localization in the future.
Risk Factors Associated with Contracting COVID-19 Infection in Selected Regions of Mindanao, Philippines
Authors: Miguel Charisse , Logrosa Gernelyn , Estaña Leo Manuel , Tupas Genevieve , Lachica Zython Paul , Alviola Pedro
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 outbreak has become a global health crisis requiring immediate attention to develop different interventions. While several studies were done to understand its dynamics to determine the most vulnerable groups, the differential effects of the factors associated with contracting COVID-19 in different communities call for a localized understanding of its risks. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the risk factors that drive the likelihood of contracting COVID-19 in selected regions of Mindanao during the pre-mass vaccination period. Probit and Logit models were employed to analyze the association of the socio-demographic, economic, and climatic factors to a total of 64,507 and 6,599 laboratory results from the Department of Health Region Northern Mindanao and the Zamboanga Peninsula, respectively. In both regions, age, sex, being a health worker, having COVID-19 close contact, and the implementation of the General Community Quarantine were found to significantly affect the likelihood of acquiring the COVID-19 disease. In addition, in Northern Mindanao, factors such as travel history, rainfall, poverty incidence, and the implementation of the Modified General Community Quarantine were also found to significantly affect the likelihood of acquiring the disease. This study provides empirical evidence for developing context-specific interventions to effectively manage and prepare for future COVID-19 outbreaks and other infectious diseases with similar dynamics.
Seaweed Fish Baits in Bulusan, Sorsogon, Philippines
Authors: Dumilag Richard , Malto Mark Ariel , Longavela Mabille , Orgela Elden , Calaminos Franklin , Legarde Ferlyn , Belgica Teresa Haide , Malto Aireen , Himor John Peter , San Pablo Mae , Bailon Jinky , Olipany Ruby , Ruiz Caesar Franz , Mintu Cynthia , Laza Benilda , Mendoza Lynn
Published: July 2023

Little attention has been directed toward the local use of seaweeds as fish baits despite their relevance to the success of fishing operations. Fish baits represent little more than a subset of the major local use of seaweeds in the Philippines. In Sorsogon, Bulusan has a history of small- scale fishing with three traditional fishing gears – namely, fish pot, hook and line, and long line. In this study, we provide traditional knowledge on the selection of seaweeds as fish baits among fishers in Bulusan. Currently, the traditional fishing practice in the area retains the use of nine seaweed fish bait taxa – namely, Acanthophora spicifera, Eucheuma denticulatum, Gracilaria gigas, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Sargassum polycystum, Ulva clathrata, Ulva flexuosa, Ulva lactuca, and Ulva reticulata. The last four species (collectively known as the ulvoids) were the most familiar seaweed fish baits. Eleven (11) target fish species were identified, being Naso and Siganus as the most dominant genera. Additional 22 species (17 fishes and five non-fishes) were recognized as incidental catch. We found that critical approaches take part in the continued construction of the contemporary Bulusanon fishing culture, particularly in knowledge about seaweed fish baits. The traditional fishing practice in Bulusan draws our attention to discuss caveats on its possible impact on marine environments, particularly in the light of overfishing and coral-algal phase shifts. Aspects of ethnobiological resources documented in this study may provide a framework for attaining sustainable fishery management, alongside preserving knowledge of the local old hands.
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extracts Obtained from Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.)
Authors: Marovska Gergana , Hambarliyska Ivanka , Petkova Nadezhda , Ivanov Ivan , Vasileva Ivelina , Slavov Anton
Published: July 2023

The objectives of the present study were focused on the comparative study of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) raw material and its essential oil industry by-products. The potential of the by-products as a natural source of bioactive polar and nonpolar compounds suitable for applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries was investigated. Four lavender samples were studied – three by-products from industrial steam distillation (L-SD20 M, L-SD21 M, and L-SD21 Z) and one raw untreated lavender (L-UNTR21 Z) – and their chemical composition and antioxidant capacity were determined and compared. Nine phenolic acids (gallic, protocatehuic, chlorogenic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric, ferulic, salicylic, and rosmarinic acids) and five flavonoids [(+)-catechin, (–)-epicatechin, rutin, hesperidin, and quercetin] were detected in the 70% ethanolic extract of L-SD20 M. The highest amount of phenolic compounds at 16.08 ± 0.38 mg gallic acid equivalents/ g dry weight (dw) were found in the L-SD21 Z 70% ethanolic extract. L-SD21 M 70% ethanolic extract was distinctive with the highest amounts of flavonoids at 3.89 ± 0.44 mg quercetin equivalents/ g dw. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was evaluated by four methods: radical scavenging activity of 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH assay), ABTS [2,2′-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid)], ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). The highest antioxidant activity by the CUPRAC method was observed in the 70% ethanolic extract of L-SD21 M – 326.49 millimoles Trolox equivalents/g dw. The major aroma constituents found in the 70% ethanolic extracts of L-UNTR21 Z were linalyl acetate and linalool at 38.64 and 7.89%, respectively. τ-muurolol, an oxidated sesquiterpene, was also found in high amounts in the 70% ethanolic extracts from lavender by-products. Therefore, lavender and its industrially generated by-products could represent a promising source of biologically active and aroma compounds with potent high antioxidant activity.
Variation in Lycopene Epsilon-Cyclase Gene in Selected Tomato Genotypes Revealed by EcoTILLING and Sequencing
Authors: Guevarra Precious , Gardoce Roanne , Galvez Hayde
Published: July 2023

Selected tomato genotypes with contrasting fruit colors of orange and red were investigated for sequence-level variations of candidate genes involved in lycopene cyclization. Sequence-specific markers for tomato lycopene beta-cyclase (3) and lycopene epsilon-cyclase (1) genes were designed and used to screen for putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) through Ecotype Targeted Induced Local Lesions IN Genome (EcoTILLING) and Sanger sequencing. Despite being regarded as among the evolutionarily conserved genes in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway of tomato, four homozygous and heterozygous SNPs were identified in lycopene epsilon-cyclase gene at the upstream of Exon 1 (1 SNP) and the intronic region between Exons 1 and 2 (3 SNPs) based on multiple sequence alignment of the processing tomato hybrid ‘Ilocos Red’ and table type inbred ‘Hawaii7996’. These SNPs may have a regulatory association with variations in tomato carotenoid metabolism. Interestingly, no sequence difference was found between FLA456 and ‘Super Apollo’ despite being characterized by orange and red fruit colors, respectively. The results support prior studies suggesting that lycopene cyclase genes are transcriptionally controlled as evidenced by their highly conserved sequences. The SNPs characterized in this study at the promoter and intronic regions of lycopene epsilon-cyclase are starting loci to investigate further the genetic control of this gene in regulating carotenoid metabolism and products that result in varying tomato fruit phenotypes.
Retrospective Spatial Analysis of the COVID-19 Threat to the High-risk Population in Davao Region, Philippines from March 2020 to August 2021
Authors: Calo Federico , Quinco Mia Kristine , Lachica Zython Paul , Logrosa Gernelyn , Diche Zarah Jean , Roxas Pamela Grace , Ligue Kim Dianne , Bompat Joshua Mar , Catalan Jolly Mae , Yumang Annabelle , Mata May Anne
Published: July 2023

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the elderly and people with comorbidities are most vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. With this, the challenges and threats posed to the vulnerable population require targeted interventions. While public health surveillance methods had developed recent advances to meet users’ information needs, the volume and complexity of infectious disease data had increased, resulting in increasing difficulty to facilitate risk communication with the public and for decision-makers to make informed measures to protect the public’s health. Moreover, the implementation of COVID-19 spatiotemporal disease surveillance strategies specifically targeting the vulnerable population in the Davao Region had been previously unexplored. This paper investigated the COVID-19 incidence in the Davao Region from 03 Mar 2020, the earliest recorded date of onset, to 31 Aug 2021 using geospatial tools. The variables were visualized through choropleth maps and graduated symbols, and subsequently examined through spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis. Hotspots across the region were observed to be in high-density areas. These areas pose greater risks of infection due to the presence of a high concentration of cases. However, high case fatality rates were found in far-flung municipalities where access to COVID-19 healthcare facilities is a dilemma. In the COVID-19 setting and future disease outbreaks similar to COVID-19, results from this study may provide insights to government offices and other related agencies to improve healthcare systems and programs such as providing and initiating tailor-fitted isolation and consultation mechanisms appropriate to the vulnerable population in a community.
Effects of Chitosan Coating on the Postharvest Quality and Antioxidant Properties of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Alpos Marbie , Bayogan Emma Ruth
Published: July 2023

The development of diseases and decay in vegetables after harvest limits their shelf life and saleability. However, there is an increasing concern with the use of synthetic chemicals as postharvest treatments. Hence, there is a need to develop natural and more sustainable methods for controlling diseases in horticultural crops while maintaining good postharvest quality. The effect of chitosan, a naturally occurring biopesticide, at different concentrations on the physico-chemical attributes and shelf life of “Sweet Cayenne” pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) was assessed. Freshly harvested mature green sweet peppers of uniform quality were dipped in different chitosan solutions (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%) for 3 min and stored at ambient conditions (26.51 ± 0.72 °C and 79.00 ± 5.98% RH) for 15 d. Physico-chemical parameters were evaluated at a 5-d interval. In all treatments, shriveling was significantly delayed with 1.5% chitosan at 10 d after treatment (DAT). Visual quality was better in 1.5% chitosan-treated fruit relative to the control at 10 and 15 DAT by up to 22 and 8%, respectively. The onset of decay was delayed in 1.5% chitosan-treated fruit for up to 4 d as compared to the untreated lot. The total soluble solids content of chitosan-treated fruit was lower than the untreated by up to 40% at 15 DAT, signifying delayed maturation. For the antioxidant properties, chitosan (1.5%) did not prevent the degradation of ascorbic acid and the DPPH scavenging activity but increased the total phenolic content at 15 DAT (by 51% compared to the control). These results suggest that chitosan coating, especially when applied at a higher concentration (1.5%) seems to show potential in preserving the quality and bioactive compounds of sweet peppers.
Momentum Distribution in the Classically Forbidden Region of a Ballistic Particle at the Turning Point
Authors: Villanueva Anthony Allan
Published: July 2023

A wave packet 𝚿𝚿(𝒙𝒙, 𝒕𝒕) of a single particle has a statistical correlation between its position x and momentum p, quantified as the position-momentum covariance. The covariance influences wave packet spreading and the probability current through a given point. This paper shows another effect of the covariance: non-zero covariance can manifest as an asymmetry of the regional momentum density. Consider a selective measurement |𝚿𝚿⟩ → |𝚿𝚿[𝒙𝒙 𝟏𝟏 ,𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐 ] ⟩ where the initial state |𝚿𝚿⟩ is projected into the state |𝚿𝚿[𝒙𝒙 𝟏𝟏 ,𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐 ] ⟩ within a smaller region 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏 < 𝒙𝒙 < 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐. The momentum representation of the projected state is 𝚽𝚽[𝒙𝒙 𝟏𝟏 ,𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐 ] = ⟨𝒑𝒑|𝚿𝚿[𝒙𝒙 𝟏𝟏 ,𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐 ] ⟩ and the corresponding momentum density |𝚽𝚽 [𝒙𝒙 𝟏𝟏 ,𝒙𝒙 𝟐𝟐 ] | 𝟐𝟐 is the regional momentum density. This paper examines a molecule-sized particle under uniform gravity (represented by a Gaussian wave packet 𝚼𝚼𝟎𝟎 ) at the classical turning point. I consider the effect of the covariance of 𝚼𝚼𝟎𝟎 on the regional momentum density in the classically forbidden region. The initial state 𝚼𝚼𝟎𝟎 with a given covariance is projected into the classically forbidden region, producing the state 𝚼𝚼𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪. If the corresponding momentum wave function is 𝚽𝚽𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪, the regional momentum density is 𝚷𝚷 𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪 = |𝚽𝚽𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪 |𝟐𝟐. I derive an analytic expression for 𝚷𝚷 𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪 that shows that a non-zero covariance predicts an asymmetric momentum density in the classically forbidden region. This gives us a measure of control in preparing a preferred momentum distribution in the classically forbidden region using the appropriate covariance, at the price of a larger momentum uncertainty due to the uncertainty principle (as the configuration space of the particle is decreased). Also, since the momentum density is obtained experimentally from the statistics of momentum measurements, we can measure the covariance through comparison with the predicted momentum distribution, as well as indirectly test the equivalence principle.
Application of Aglao E Unhas Compound from Aglaophenia cupressina Lamoureoux against Colletotrichum gloesporioides on Strawberry and Aspergillus niger on Mango
Authors: Johannes Eva , Laga Amran , Litaay Magdalena , Manguntungi Baso , Tuwo Mustika , Gani Fuad , Mustopa Apon Zaenal , Vanggy Leggina Rezzy
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to extract and characterize the main bioactive compound of Aglaophenia cupressina Lamoureoux using UV, IR, and NMR spectroscopy. This compound was then tested in vitro using the agar diffusion method at a concentration of 15, 30, and 45 ppm against two fungi isolated from the spoiled strawberry and mango. The efficacy of Aglao E Unhas was tested in fully ripe strawberries and mangoes. The number of fungi that grew during storage was counted using the standard plate count method. The results of the isolation of hydroid A.cupressina yielded the pure compound Aglao E Unhas derivative of alkaloids, which is a new compound, in the form of white crystals, melting point at 55–56 ˚C, which has 15 carbon atoms and 39 hydrogen atoms, one NH group in a heterocyclic ring. Aglao E Unhas at 45 ppm has antifungal properties against Colletotrichum gloesoporioides and Aspergillus niger. The largest inhibition zone against Colletotrichum gloesoporioides was 18.20 mm at 48 h and increased to 18.70 mm at 72 h of incubation. The inhibition zone against Aspergillus niger at 48 hours of incubation resulted in 17.35 mm and 72 h of incubation increased to 18.00 mm.
Estimation of Measurement Uncertainty for the Analysis of Arsenic in Water by Hydride Vapor Generation–Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Authors: Dablio Admer Rey , Kalacas Noel Angelo , Abarintos Vernalyn , Ubando Isaiah , Damian Ruth , Valdueza Johanna Andrea
Published: July 2023

Every person should have the right to have access to an adequate supply of safe drinking water. However, the presence of different chemical contaminants compromises its quality. Among these chemical contaminants is arsenic, particularly its inorganic species, which when consumed at certain levels in drinking water can cause cancer and heart, respiratory, and neurological problems. For this reason, the determination of arsenic in water requires the use of a validated test method. In this context, the estimation of measurement uncertainty (MU) is an important tool that identifies the impact of each step of the measurement protocol on the overall accuracy and reliability of measurement results. This study is important for drinking water consumers to have accurate test results and can be used by testing laboratories as a guide in their MU calculations for arsenic analysis. In this paper, MU estimation was presented as a validated test method for the analysis of arsenic in a water sample by hydride vapor generation–flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (HVG-FAAS) using the bottom-up approach. The concentration of arsenic found in the water sample was 0.530 ± 0.07 μg L–1 (k = 2, norm.), which complies with the maximum allowable level (MAL) of arsenic at 10 μg L–1 set in Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW) of 2017. The concentration of arsenic in the sample solution is the major contributory component to the estimated uncertainty with 90.60%; 7.07% is due to overall bias and 1.87% to method precision. Based on this outcome, this study can provide a suitable procedure for estimating MU in HVG-FAAS analysis of arsenic in clean water. Further studies can be done for dialysis water, wastewater, and environmental water.
Window Direction Factor toward PMV and PPD Values in Classrooms
Authors: Suradhuhita P.P. , Setyowati E. , Prianto E.
Published: July 2023

Thermal comfort is an important element in students’ learning activities. The object chosen was the classroom of the Sawah Besar 01 Public Elementary School in Semarang, Indonesia built in a densely populated area, resulting in a window design that has varying orientation directions but with a homogenous façade design. This affects the level of thermal comfort in the classroom. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively – namely, to obtain a thermal comfort index, PMV, and PPD according to the Indonesia National Standard and ASHRAE. The thermal comfort conditions of all selected rooms on the 1st and 2nd floors, either indoor or outdoor, did not meet the comfortable thermal comfort standard for classrooms. The PMV index is above +1 and is mostly categorized as slightly warm, warm, and hot, and all of the PPD percentages are above 10%, indicating that most of the occupants are not satisfied with the temperature in the classroom. New façade opening designs and mechanical ventilation aids need to be applied to improve thermal comfort according to the Indonesia National Standard and ASHRAE.
Selective Synthesis of Monolaurin: a Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Cayona Ruel , Yu Gilbert
Published: July 2023

Monolaurin (ML) is a monoacylglycerol (MAG) with important industrial and biomedical properties. It is commonly prepared in large quantities from the direct esterification of lauric acid (LA) and glycerol with chemical catalysts. However, this method also generates other glyceride by-products whose properties are inferior to ML. Enzymes have also been used to optimize selectivity, but enhancing scalability and throughput is always challenging. Successful selective convergent chemical synthesis of ML involving activated derivatives of LA and glycerol is demonstrated in this study. The present yield of 3.41% can be improved with careful process control.
Habitat Preference of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus: a Case Study on Dengue Endemic Areas of Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Atmowidi Tri , Hadi Upik , Solihin Dedy , Priawandiputra Windra , Meidaliyantisyah Meidaliyantisyah
Published: July 2023

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors that cause dengue hemorrhagic fever. The cases of this disease have often become an extraordinary event in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze bioecological factors, i.e. habitat preference, larvae density, characteristics of the breeding sites, as well as the morphological and molecular identification of Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus in dengue-endemic areas of Bandar Lampung. Results showed that the larval density of these vectors in three areas was moderate, and Ae. aegypti was found dominant. The Maya index (MI) values of Ae. aegypti showed moderate and low categories (87 and 13%), whereas those of Ae. albopictus were 91 and 9%, respectively. Seven and 11 characters of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus has been described, respectively. Additionally, their COI gene sequence (size of 725 bp) similarity values ranged from 98–99%. Data from the study can be used in planning a control strategy and identifying the main priority areas for entomological surveys toward disease epidemic control.