bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Web Globalization and Its Possible Consequences on Usage of Different Creative Accounting Techniques
Authors: Kollar Boris
Published: January 2021

Research background: The paper is oriented on influence analysis of globalization on usage of different techniques of creative accounting and its development. The concept of creativity and accounting in together has logical background. Creativity is generally perceived as a positive thing. It is a certain creativity and originality created by the individual. Among these techniques, the paper deals with earnings management and what differs it from fraudulent behavior. The first part deals with definition of earnings management and comparison of different approaches. The second part outlines the major differences and boarders between earnings management and fraud from theoretical point of view with the usage of multiple views from different authors. Third part deals with different forms of earnings management. The last part discusses motives behind the usage of earnings management by managers and impact of globalization on this decision making.

Purpose of the article: To describe motives behind earnings management usage and potential new directions of these motives under the conditions of continuous internalization and globalization.

Methods: The paper is built on the methods of formal logic. The most important one for the purpose of this article is descriptive method. Among others, there are analysis, graphic method, comparison and synthesis.

Findings & Value added: Comprehensive overview of the earnings management definition, its forms and motives behind its usage.
Importance of Intellectual Capital and Business Education as Global Topic in Development of Company International Business from the Perspective of Company Management
Authors: Nierostek Lech , Horváthová Petra
Published: January 2021

Research background: The company intellectual capital is increasingly becoming a global topic. Modern countries building their development on knowledge are aware that intellectual capital, and therefore human capital, can become and becomes global capital not only in international companies. It will be also crucial for the concept Industry 4.0.

Purpose of the article: The aim is to find out how the company management approaches the skills and knowledge of its employees thus the intellectual capital, which is becoming a global topic and contributes to the company international business development.

Methods: The methodology begins with defining a research problem. Research questions are formulated, a questionnaire is created, the basic sample of respondents is identified and a pilot study and a semi-structured interview verifying some of the questionnaire questions are conducted. Subsequently, a questionnaire survey is realized. The data obtained are filled in the Excel software and the results are presented by figures and verbal description. By answering the research questions, the methodology is fulfilled.

Findings & Value added: The research revealed a great discrepancy between the assumed and declared state in the field of work with intellectual capital and employee’s education. It shows the weaknesses being relevant to our country as well as abroad. The results show random employees training, minimal identification of employees´ potential, low importance of services and products quality as well as insufficient interest in turning tacit knowledge into explicit, etc. Research conclusions and recommendations will become very actual even in the period after COVID-19.
Sales Executives’ Reward Attitude Survey in the International Company and their Socio- Economic Consequences on the Sales Performance in Global Markets
Authors: Polakova Gabriela
Published: January 2021

Research background:As a universal rule applicable worldwide, the salary satisfaction and employees´ financial well-being, in general, are ones of key drivers in ensuring corporate business goals and performance in global markets.

Purpose of the article:The aim is to find out how sales executives are satisfied with their financial well-being and earnings gained in one international company making business worldwide. The analyzed company needs to support sales executives´ motivation to meet sales goals and positively influence their engagement in making business all over the world, and thus globally improve corporate performance.

Methods:The methodology of the procedure begins with the formulation of research questions. Subsequently, a questionnaire is compiled, the basic and sample of respondents are identified, and a questionnaire survey is conducted. The processing of the obtained data is performed using statistical methods (software IBM SPSS statistics) when the results are processed using frequency and contingency tables, graphs, and verbal description. The final step is answering research questions.

Findings & Value added:The data include general sales executives´ reward attitudes, their subjective feelings, and opinions if their pays reflect their sales performance in international business or not. Such survey usefully provides relevant information to competent decision-makers about sales executives´ financial satisfaction and well-being and gives them a good background to ensure that payment will be in such a competitive level of market price that will attract and retain the people the organization needs for retaining current global business operations and for searching new business challenges around the world.
Financial Analysis as a Basis for Creation of the Financial Plan of the Selected Business Entity – Case Study
Authors: Skocdopole Pavol
Published: January 2021

Research background: Authors mentioned in the Research describe a financial analysis as first step of a financial planning process. It is an effective tool in the evaluation of a company’s financial efficiency on the basis of data from financial reports, where the individual data are sorted, aggregated and measured. The analysis usually consists liquidity, activity, profitability indicators and debt ratios. The result of the analysis should evaluate financial health and subsequently predict future of the focused company.

Purpose of the article: The scope of this article is a practical application of financial analysis of the company. The main sources of information include financial statements balance sheet and income statement over the period of the last 3 years. Other sources are information obtained from employees of the company and information gained by studying a literature. Methods: The analysis process begins by identifying the main objectives and targets, continues by the methodical procedure, analysis of indicators and an interpretation of the analysis results. The main objective of the analysis is to evaluate the assets, the sources and the overall economic situation of the company. The key indicators that are the status and development of current and non-current assets, the status and development of equity and liabilities and a profit development.

Findings & Value added: The financial analysis of a focused company was applied for the last 3-year time period. The worst status of the indicators occurred in the second year and after the subsequent intervention of the company management the result improved to sustainable status.
Economic policy as a tool to eliminate the effects of the global economic crisis
Authors: Tesařová Vendula
Published: January 2021

Research background: The global economy has gone through two major crises since the beginning of the millennium. The first broke out in 2008. The cause was the crisis in the financial markets in the United States. This crisis eventually spread around the world, causing many economies to decline. It remained not only in the financial markets, but also spilled over into other sectors of the affected economies. We are experiencing the second major crisis these days (2020). However, this crisis has a completely different origin. It is a crisis caused by a new type of viral disease.

The purpose of the article: Purpose is to compare the measures taken to mitigate the effects of the 2008 crisis with those used in 2020. The article is not just a simple list of individual measures, but a comparison of the time horizon in which it came and to whom it was targeted. The analyzed economy is the Czech Republic and its economic policy.

Methods: The article uses the method of analysis and statistical analysis, which is based on data from the CNB, the Ministry of Finance of the CR and the Czech Statistical Office. Data from the CVVM Public Opinion Research Center were used to illustrate the situation.

Findings & Value added: Monetary and fiscal policy have relatively limited options in terms of the number of instruments they can use to combat the crisis. However, a difference can be observed in the response of economic policy makers to the 2008 and 2020 crises.
Glocalization strategies and current transformations of innovative city tours of Sofia, Bulgaria
Authors: Dogramadjieva Elka
Published: January 2021

Research background: The rise of innovative (alternative) guided tours around the world and especially in Europe embody the idea of ‘glocalization’, since these tours and associated new business models (comprising both ‘free’ and paid offers) represent a global phenomenon that utilizes ‘localness’ as a major asset. Therefore, glocalization strategies of the tour providing companies are worth studying and so are the current transformations in their business models. The Bulgarian capital city of Sofia is an appropriate case study area, being recently denoted as an emerging tourist destination on the international scene, with a number of innovative city tours developed over the last years that form a particular aspect of Sofia’s urban experience.

Purpose of the article: Building upon a previous study, the paper seeks to uncover glocalization strategies applied and current transformations observed in the innovative city tours of Sofia in terms of COVID-19 induced market change, product development, and delivery system adjustment.

Methods: Subjected to analysis are five tour providers selected on the ground of their business models, tour content and market success. The study involves in-depth interviews with company managers and tour guides, personal observations, and information retrieved from social media and websites.

Findings & Value added: The study results contribute to better understanding of how global trends are implemented in a local context and reveal the challenges triggered by the current CIVID-19 induced shift of scales from global to local in terms of markets, product development, and service organization.
The Importance of Industry in Modern Economies of the Globalized World in the 21st Century
Authors: Regnerova Olga , Šálková Daniela , Šánová Petra
Published: January 2021

Research background:The classic explanation about the structure of economies stipulates that, as societies advance, their economy gradually shifts towards the tertiary sector where the added value is the highest. While this logic proved to be empirically true during the last centuries, it nonetheless comes with significant issues in the long run. The need for manufactured products, which is constantly growing due to global economic development and a growing population, must still be addressed by an industrial base around. This leaves only two options open: 1. Some countries have to lag behind the rest of the world in terms of global economic development or 2. Developed countries will have to devote part of their labor and capital investment to (re) building capable industrial capacity.

Purpose of the article:The aim of the article is to point out the influence of globalization on the position of production structures in the context of the global crisis.

Methods:Comparative method, definition of the object of comparison and determination of the goal of comparison and determination of criteria for own analysis of relevant sources, induction, deduction, generalization.

Findings & Value added:The only way to maintain enough industrial capacity to answer the demand in a globalized world without having some countries lagging behind will be to redistribute the production capabilities among the countries. This would make the economic playfield more even and would also have several side benefits regarding global environmental and political issues including unexpected crises such as pandemic period coronavirus.
Digital Learning Environment in Higher Education: New Global Issues
Authors: Malkawi Elena , Khayrullina Marina
Published: January 2021

Research background: Living in a digitalized connected world changes the dynamic of the learning process. Recent issues in the world economy and society have increased the demand for online education drastically. But many enterprises in higher education find themselves unprepared to satisfy this demand effectively because digital learning is a relatively new and under-researched field especially regarding digital instruments and social aspects. For this study we adopted connectivism learning theory proposed by George Siemens in 2005 together with the “old” behaviourism, cognitivism, and constructivism theory put forward by Ertmer and Newby in 1993.

Purpose of the article: The study intended to investigate elements of digital learning process using student feedback and to suggest ways to improve the quality of digital higher education based on learning theories applied to digital environment.

Methods: A total of 2347 university students participated in this study. Data were collected through an online survey and were analysed with the use of SPSS software.

Findings & Value added: The study revealed that students pinpoint three groups of problems in online learning: the process of getting feedback form tutor and peers; the process of concentration and self-management; the technical difficulties of staying connected. The paper studies the theoretical background of problematic areas and proposes tools for their improvement.
The Effect of Unified Globalised Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy on Customer Loyalty
Authors: Singh Kamaldeep
Published: January 2021

Research Background: In this modern world, every person needs a specific medium of information in order to survive with the communication means which is effectively and easily answered by the means of telecommunication. In this fast and rapidly moving world, the telecommunication sector has become a main tool to share and communicate information from one end to another. It bridges the gap between people irrespective of cities, countries or continents. During such modern and fast paced telecommunication times, a well devised customer social responsibility is known as catalyst that can significantly elevate the business operations for any telecommunication organizations in this sector. In order to advance in this rapidly growing technical market every telecommunication company is trying to maintain strong relationships with the customers in order to provide better service quality and develop new market strategies. The author suggests that telecommunication service providers must work on customer social responsibility strategies and policies that immensely reflects a significant impact towards customer loyalty.

Purpose of the article:To examine that how corporate social responsibility in lieu with service quality and customer satisfaction affects the customer loyalty in telecommunication sector. This article also highlights the customer behaviour towards CSR policies and what significance value added services have on the customer accordingly.

Methods:The author used descriptive statistics employed to analyse survey. Based on the finding the author has prepared the analysis and result.Finding & Value added:Implementing the CSR practice that is corporate social responsibility and better customer service quality, a telecommunication company can increase customer loyalty.
Education and Employment in European Urban Communities
Authors: Dima Cristina , Angheluță Petrică Sorin , Profiroiu Constantin Marius , Vasilache Petruț Cristian
Published: January 2021

Research background:In the context of globalization, education processes are of great importance for the development of urban communities. Identifying the needs of the labour market should be the goal of any organization that provides education and training.

Purpose of the article:Globalization leads to the emergence of new specializations and qualifications. In order to facilitate the acquisition of competencies and abilities specific to new qualifications and specializations, it is necessary to involve education and training providers.

Methods:The article analyses the evolution of the employment rate, respectively of the unemployment rate. Urban communities need to respond to new societal, economic and environmental challenges.

Findings & Value added:One of the major problems of urban communities is the risk of poverty and social exclusion. Thus, for the Member States of the European Union, the article presents the comparative situation of people at risk of poverty and social exclusion. For the Member States of the European Union, the evolution of the participation rate in education and training programs is followed in this article. The article also presents an analysis of the level of education of the urban population. Due to urban concentrations, the launch of new products and services is much easier.
Assessment of the Performance of Mergers: Revisiting Results after a Prolonged Period
Authors: Peta Jan , Reznakova Maria
Published: January 2021

Research background: Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) have become a widespread tool for business growth strategy. Considering the developments after the previous financial crisis, a fresh wave of M&As is expected to appear in the near future. Investors will look for suitable businesses to consolidate their market position.

Purpose of the article: The aim of this work is to assess the performance of completed mergers over a period of five years and compare the results with previous research in which we examined the success of mergers over a three-year period. Our goal was to find out if any differences in performance indicators occur and if these differences are significant. The results may offer potential indicators of merger success rate prediction.

Methods: We focused our research on mergers of private companies (i.e. not publicly traded companies) in the Czech Republic. Our research sample contained 50 completed mergers. The mergers were divided into two groups
– successful and unsuccessful – according to the sales and profit of the merged company. We calculated financial indicators for each group based on accounting data. We then used the Mann-Whitney U test to test the significance of the differences between the indicator values.
Findings & value added: Several important performance indicators emerged. The most significant included production consumption to sales, the material cost to sales, receivables to sales, assets turnover and profitability ratios. The ratio labour cost to sales was replaced with the ratio value added to labour cost. Our research concludes that these indicators can be considered crucial.
The Qualitative Comparative Analysis: An Overview of a Causal Complexity Approach
Authors: Smela Monika
Published: January 2021

Research background: Alongside with the development of configurative comparative analysis aiming at identification of necessary and sufficient conditions, various formal methods used for this purpose have been formulated during the last decades. One of them is qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), one of approaches used for causal explanation of phenomena of cases performed in the field of international economics and global affairs.

Purpose of the article: The main purpose of the article is to provide a detailed overview of the QCA method in global context, to define its methodologic foundations and consequently introduce the key concepts of the method. The article also provides a comparison of QCA to typical tools of qualitative and quantitative approaches. On the basis of this part, both pros and cons of QCA are derived.

Methods: Basically, the methods of analysis, deduction and comparison are used to fulfil the purpose of the article. The existing and available papers and books coping with the topic of QCA and its position among other research methods are reviewed to provide an overview on the selected method.

Findings & Value added: The QCA is a method based on analysing stated relations. It bridges the quantitative and qualitative research and reveals certain patterns based on causal complexity principles, however, it is done regarding heterogeneity and diversity of individual researched cases. It is a method applicable to the middle number of cases, it means too few cases for statistical methods on the other hand too many cases for typical qualitative approaches.
Re-orientation of Russia to the Asian markets as a main direction of its foreign trade policy
Authors: Solodukhina Olga , Bukreeva Tatyana , Minakova Irina , Golovin Artyom
Published: January 2021

Research background: The authors on a systematic basis have investigated the features of trade relations between Russia and neighboring Asian states. It was published several articles on this issue in Russia and abroad, including publications in Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals.

Purpose of the article: The aim of the research is to analyze the current situation and prospects for the development of mutual trade cooperation between Russia and neighboring Asian states (Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan).

Methods: The research is based on the methodology of general system theory. The present research was accomplished using the following methods for studying complex social objects: synthesis, comparison, system analysis, analogy, construction of scientifically based hypotheses, etc. The theoretical basis for the study was the works of M.O. Slobodchikoff, M.E. Aleprete [1], P. Bargues-Pedreny [2], R. Mac Ginty [3], and J. L. Austin [4].

Findings & Value added: The authors have investigated mutual trade cooperation between Russia and neighboring Asian states (Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan). The study has showed that the major problem of Russia’s trade with neighboring Asian states is based on resource-oriented export. Russia’s key task at Central Asian market is to expand the share of non-resource-based sectors. A variety of export categories will make the Russian economy more resilient to global fluctuations and crises. At the same time, it is necessary to develop trade and economic cooperation with India, Indonesia and Brazil, as well as to form a coalition of non-aligned countries and African countries in order to deter China and the USA.
Colon capsule endoscopy in colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review
Authors: Vuik Fanny E. R. , Nieuwenburg Stella A. V. , Moen Sarah , Spada Cristiano , Senore Carlo , Hassan Cesare , Pennazio Marco , Rondonotti Emanuele , Pecere Silvia , Kuipers Ernst J. , Spaander Manon C. W.
Published: January 2021

Introduction Primary colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical test (FIT) are the most commonly used colorectal cancer (CRC) screening modalities. Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) might be an alternative. Data on the performance of CCE as a CRC screening tool in a screening population remain scarce. This is the first systematic review to provide an overview of the applicability of CCE as a CRC screening tool.

Methods A systematic search was conducted of literature published up to September 2020. Studies reporting on CRC screening by second-generation CCE in an average-risk screening population were included.

Results 582 studies were identified and 13 were included, comprising 2485 patients. Eight studies used CCE as a filter test after a positive FIT result and five studies used CCE for primary screening. The polyp detection rate of CCE was 24 % – 74 %. For polyps > 6 mm, sensitivity of CCE was 79 % – 96 % and specificity was 66 % – 97 %. For polyps ≥ 10 mm, sensitivity of CCE was 84 % – 97 %, which was superior to computed tomographic colonography (CTC). The CRC detection rate for completed CCEs was 93 % (25/27). Bowel preparation was adequate in 70 % – 92 % of examinations, and completion rates varied from 57 % to 92 %, depending on the booster used. No CCE-related complications were described.

Conclusion CCE appeared to be a safe and effective tool for the detection of CRC and polyps in a screening setting. Accuracy was comparable to colonoscopy and superior to CTC, making CCE a good alternative to colonoscopy in CRC screening programs, although completion rates require improvement.
Evaluación de Errores de Posicionamiento en los 6 Grados de Libertad en Pacientes con Cáncer de próstata tratados con radioterapia
Authors: Sanchez Forero Ricardo Antonio , Olejua Villa Peter Alfonso , Rocha Morales Andrea , Murillo Raul
Published: January 2021

Objetivos Determinar la magnitud de los errores de posicionamiento en los 6 grados de libertad y calcular el Margen a CTV para un protocolo adaptado en pacientes con cáncer de próstata temprano y localmente avanzado en un centro de referencia en Colombia.

Métodos Se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo en 61 pacientes con cáncer de próstata tratados con radioterapia en el Centro Javeriano de Oncología del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio durante el 2018, con toma de imágenes volumétricas de rayos x durante los primeros 3 días de tratamiento obteniéndose un promedio en errores traslacionales y rotacionales. Posteriormente se tomaron imágenes semanales. Además, se realizó el cálculo del margen al PTV y variaciones en vejiga y recto durante el tratamiento.

Resultados Un total de 508 imágenes fueron registradas durante las 8 semanas de tratamiento, los errores traslacionales y rotacionales tuvieron un comportamiento alrededor de cero sin diferencias significativas inclusive en pacientes con IMC > = 25. También se calculó el margen al PTV encontrándose entre 5 y 8 mm, en cuanto a las medidas de vejiga y recto no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las imágenes adquiridas durante la radioterapia.

Conclusiones De acuerdo a los datos encontrados en este estudio, una adecuada reproducibilidad en paciente con cáncer de próstata puede ser encontrada usando el método de registro rígido de la anatomía pélvica ósea, promediando las 3 primeras imágenes y posteriormente con imágenes semanales, en centros con alta demanda de pacientes garantizando así una adecuada precisión del tratamiento.
Is Ultrasound-Guided Single-Shot Quadratus Lumborum Block a Viable Alternative to a Caudal Block in Pediatric Urological Surgery?
Authors: Rotem Shahar , Raisin Galiya , Ostrovsky Israel A. , Kocherov Stanislav , Jaber Jawdat , Zeldin Alexander , Feldman Elena , Gozal Yaacov , Chertin Boris
Published: January 2021

Objective To review our experience with quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in pediatric urology.

Materials and Methods This mixed prospective-retrospective study included 41 patients who received QLB following induction of general anesthesia. Data collected included: the duration of block induction, surgery, hospitalization, postoperative pain score, and the use of rescue analgesia. The results were compared with a matched cohort of patients who received caudal block (CB) during similar surgeries from our retrospectively acquired data registry.

Results There was no difference between the type and length of surgery, weight, sex, and age of the patients between the two groups. The duration of block induction was significantly shorter in the CB group compared with the QLB group (35.6 ± 14.6 vs. 239 ± 33.4 seconds [p < 0.0001]). There was no difference between the groups in pain scores at 1, 4, and 24 hours postoperatively, in the time to first rescue analgesia, or in the postoperative opioid requirements. However, the QLB group required more rescue analgesia compared with CB group (p = 0.016). Finally, no differences were found in the use of rescue analgesics at home, pain record behavior, and overall satisfaction.

Conclusion Our data show that QLB might serve as a viable alternative to CB in pediatric urological surgery.
DNA damage promotes microtubule dynamics through a DNA-PK-AKT axis for enhanced repair
Authors: Ma Shuyun , Rong Zeming , Liu Chen , Qin Xiaobing , Zhang Xiaoyan , Chen Qiang
Published: January 2021

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are mainly repaired by c-NHEJ and HR pathways. The enhanced DSB mobility after DNA damage is critical for efficient DSB repair. Although microtubule dynamics have been shown to regulate DSB mobility, the reverse effect of DSBs to microtubule dynamics remains elusive. Here, we uncovered a novel DSB-induced microtubule dynamics stress response (DMSR), which promotes DSB mobility and facilitates c-NHEJ repair. DMSR is accompanied by interphase centrosome maturation, which occurs in a DNA-PK-AKT–dependent manner. Depletion of PCM proteins attenuates DMSR and the mobility of DSBs, resulting in delayed c-NHEJ. Remarkably, DMSR occurs only in G1 or G0 cells and lasts around 6 h. Both inhibition of DNA-PK and depletion of 53BP1 abolish DMSR. Taken together, our study reveals a positive DNA repair mechanism in G1 or G0 cells in which DSBs actively promote microtubule dynamics and facilitate the c-NHEJ process.
Linton Mark Traub (1962–2020)
Authors: Aridor Meir , Owen David J.
Published: January 2021

Meir Aridor and David Owen discuss the life and achievements of Linton Traub, who passed away on October 19, 2020.
Effect of growth rate on quality of Alq3 films and Co diffusion
Authors: Mondal Kali Prasanna , Bera Sambhunath , Gupta Ajay , Kumar Dileep , Gome Anil , Reddy V Raghavendra , Ito Nobuaki , Yamada-Takamura Yukiko , Pandit Pallavi , Roth Stephan V
Published: January 2021

The quality of organic semiconductor tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3) thin films, deposited at the rate of 5.0 Å s−1, 2.5 Å s−1, and 1.0 Å s−1 respectively, have been investigated using x-ray reflectivity (XRR) and grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) studies. While XRR provides information about structural details, GISAXS provides information about the morphology of the films. The film quality is very good with a surface roughness of only 8 Å. The electron density of the film increases from 0.39 e Å−3 to 0.43 e Å−3 due to reduction of growth rate from 5 Å s−1 to 1 Å s−1. The higher electron density (0.43 e Å−3) of the film deposited at the lower deposition rate (1 Å s−1) indicates the presence of less defects and/or porosity in the film. Average separation between pores increases from 200 Å to 500 Å and simultaneously pore depth decreases from 300 Å to 120 Å due to reduction of growth rate from 5 Å s−1 to 1 Å s−1. The mixing between Alq3 and Co at the Alq3/Co interface and diffusion of Co into Alq3 layer through Co/Alq3 interface have been studied by combined XRR and grazing incidence x-ray standing wave (GIXSW) measurements for the three Alq3/Co/Alq3/W/Si multilayers in which Alq3 films were deposited at the above mentioned three different rates. It is found that there is about 30 Å thick (∼ two monolayer of Alq3) mixing region at the Alq3/Co interface in three multilayer samples, which suggests that mixing at this interface is independent of the growth rate of Alq3 films. The depth of diffusion of Co into Alq3 through Co/Alq3 interface reduces from 300 Å to 160 Å due to the reduction of deposition rate from 5 Å s−1 to 1 Å s−1. This study suggests that by controlling the growth rate of Alq3, porosity as well as the diffusion of ferromagnetic Co in an organic semiconductor Alq3 can be reduced, which plays an important role in the performance of organic spin valve devices.
Application of Haar wavelet method for free vibration of laminated composite conical–cylindrical coupled shells with elastic boundary condition
Authors: Kim Kwanghun , Kwak Songhun , Choe Kwangnam , Han Wonjin , Ri Yonghua , Ri Kumchol
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the Haar wavelet discretization method (HWDM) is proposed for the calculation of natural frequency of the laminated composite conical-cylindrical coupled shells. The displacement components of the system are set by the first order shear deformation shell theory (FSDST), and all the displacement functions of conical and cylindrical shells including boundary conditions are obtained by the Haar wavelet and its integrals. The Hamilton’s principle is applied to the constitution equation and the artificial spring technique is introduced to generalize the boundary and continuity conditions of the coupled structure. The convergence and accuracy of the proposed method are validated by comparing with the results obtained from the previous works and finite element analysis, and the proposed method shows high accuracy, reliability and good convergence in both individual structure and coupled structure. Using the proposed method, in the laminated composite conical–cylindrical coupled shell with any boundary condition, new numerical results on the natural frequency are obtained along with the parameter studies, and these results can provide the referential data for the following research in this field.
Numerical investigation of a real-time temperature sensor based on high-order soliton compression
Authors: Wang F , Sun Y , Zhou X , Zhang X N , Cheng T L
Published: January 2021

Temperature sensors based on photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have attracted considerable attentions due to their desirable advantages. However, the real-time temperature sensing in the temporal region is rarely studied. Here, an all-fiber real-time high-sensitivity temperature sensor is fabricated based on the high-order soliton compression process. A 1560 nm femtosecond fiber laser is used as the injected pulse source and the alcohol-filled silica PCF is adopted as the temperature sensitive device. Temperature sensing can be realized by detecting the peak values of temporal profiles with an oscilloscope at the change of temperature. The oscilloscope possesses faster response rate than the optical spectrum analyzer and can record the variation of the single pulse. Through numerical simulations, a real-time temperature sensor with the sensitivity of 4.91 W °C−1 is achieved at the fiber length of 21 cm. Our simulated results show that the designed temperature sensors with low cost, compact all-fiber structure and real-time response are competitive for application in temperature measurement devices.
Tunneling current-induced entanglement between electronic and vibrational modes in coupled molecules
Authors: Maslova N S , Mantsevich V N , Arseyev P I , Sokolov I M
Published: January 2021

The formation of entanglement between the electronic and vibrational subsystems of two interacting molecules localized between tunneling contact leads was theoretically analyzed using the Keldysh diagram technique. The time evolution of concurrence after ‘switching on’ the coupling between the molecules was investigated. It was revealed that non-zero concurrence can be present in the system in the resonant case, even if the molecules are connected by the leads. It was also shown that the stationary value of concurrence can be directly expressed by the stationary tunneling current. It reveals non-monotonic behavior with increasing coupling between the molecule’s electronic states. In the regime of small tunneling rates between the molecules and the leads, ‘switching on and off’ the coupling between molecules multiple times, while detecting one of the molecules’ charge states after each ‘on’ and ‘off’ cycle, results in the appearance of non-classical phonon statistics and opens the possibility of creating a vibrational mode in a Fock state.
Generalized neural decoders for transfer learning across participants and recording modalities
Authors: Peterson Steven M , Steine-Hanson Zoe , Davis Nathan , Rao Rajesh P N , Brunton Bingni W
Published: January 2021

Objective. Advances in neural decoding have enabled brain-computer interfaces to perform increasingly complex and clinically-relevant tasks. However, such decoders are often tailored to specific participants, days, and recording sites, limiting their practical long-term usage. Therefore, a fundamental challenge is to develop neural decoders that can robustly train on pooled, multi-participant data and generalize to new participants. Approach. We introduce a new decoder, HTNet, which uses a convolutional neural network with two innovations: (a) a Hilbert transform that computes spectral power at data-driven frequencies and (b) a layer that projects electrode-level data onto predefined brain regions. The projection layer critically enables applications with intracranial electrocorticography (ECoG), where electrode locations are not standardized and vary widely across participants. We trained HTNet to decode arm movements using pooled ECoG data from 11 of 12 participants and tested performance on unseen ECoG or electroencephalography (EEG) participants; these pretrained models were also subsequently fine-tuned to each test participant. Main results. HTNet outperformed state-of-the-art decoders when tested on unseen participants, even when a different recording modality was used. By fine-tuning these generalized HTNet decoders, we achieved performance approaching the best tailored decoders with as few as 50 ECoG or 20 EEG events. We were also able to interpret HTNet’s trained weights and demonstrate its ability to extract physiologically-relevant features. Significance. By generalizing to new participants and recording modalities, robustly handling variations in electrode placement, and allowing participant-specific fine-tuning with minimal data, HTNet is applicable across a broader range of neural decoding applications compared to current state-of-the-art decoders.
Functional MRI based simulations of ECoG grid configurations for optimal measurement of spatially distributed hand-gesture information
Authors: van den Boom Max A , Miller Kai J , Ramsey Nick F , Hermes Dora
Published: January 2021

Objective. In electrocorticography (ECoG), the physical characteristics of the electrode grid determine which aspect of the neurophysiology is measured. For particular cases, the ECoG grid may be tailored to capture specific features, such as in the development and use of brain–computer interfaces (BCI). Neural representations of hand movement are increasingly used to control ECoG based BCIs. However, it remains unclear which grid configurations are the most optimal to capture the dynamics of hand gesture information. Here, we investigate how the design and surgical placement of grids would affect the usability of ECoG measurements. Approach. High resolution 7T functional MRI was used as a proxy for neural activity in ten healthy participants to simulate various grid configurations, and evaluated the performance of each configuration for decoding hand gestures. The grid configurations varied in number of electrodes, electrode distance and electrode size. Main results. Optimal decoding of hand gestures occurred in grid configurations with a higher number of densely-packed, large-size, electrodes up to a grid of ~5 × 5 electrodes. When restricting the grid placement to a highly informative region of primary sensorimotor cortex, optimal parameters converged to about 3 × 3 electrodes, an inter-electrode distance of 8 mm, and an electrode size of 3 mm radius (performing at ~70% three-class classification accuracy). Significance. Our approach might be used to identify the most informative region, find the optimal grid configuration and assist in positioning of the grid to achieve high BCI performance for the decoding of hand-gestures prior to surgical implantation.
Perception analysis of the Indonesian society on twitter social media on the increase in BPJS kesehatan contribution in the Covid 19 pandemic era
Authors: Permana F C , Wicaksono Z M , Kurniawan C , Abdullah A S , Ruchjana B N
Published: January 2021

In the conditions of the Covid-19 Pandemic, the president of Indonesia, Ir Joko Widodo, on May 13, 2020, announced an increase in BPJS Kesehatan contribution. This announcement made everyone in the community boisterous, including Indonesians on social media twitter. Currently, Indonesia is ranked fifth in the world using social media twitter, so data mining on Twitter is a good opportunity to see the public’s response to a developing issue. This paper will discuss perceptions analysis of the Indonesian people on social media regarding the issue of increasing the contribution of BPJS Kesehatan. The issue of increasing the contribution of BPJS Kesehatan has been a topic of conversation on Twitter for a long time. After 30 days of data crawling, 145,359 tweets were obtained. This amount of data proves that the Indonesian people are very active in issuing opinions regarding the issue of increasing contribution BPJS Kesehatan. Various kinds of differences of opinion in each conversation are classified into three types of opinion using the Naive Bayes method. The three types of opinions are classified into positive opinions, negative opinions, and neutral opinions. The opinion classification results obtained were 73% containing negative opinions, 18% positive opinions, and 9% neutral opinions. This can serve as an early warning for the government to see the public’s response in every policy taken. So that each policy can be evaluated for the better.
Text classification on the Instagram caption using support vector machine
Authors: Ramadhani P P , Hadi S
Published: January 2021

Instagram is Top 10 the most popular social networks worldwide with over 1 billion monthly active users. Instagram is especially prevalent in the United States, India, and Brazil, which have over 130 million, 100, and 91 million Instagram users each. And the fact that so many people use Instagram, Social Media Marketing is also one of the goals of people using social media as a place to market their products. To help people to find out what’s trending on Instagram, this paper using text classification to categorizing Instagram caption into organized groups (fashion, food & beverage, technology, health & beauty, lifestyle & travel). In this paper, we are testing the Support Vector Machine algorithm to classify the trending on Instagram using 66171 captions. The study used the TFIDF method (Term Frequency times Inverse Document Frequency) measure and used variations of percentage for splitting data. The results showed that the use of SVM with a percentage ratio of 70:30 resulted in higher accuracy compared to others.
Jacobson graph over Z
n
Authors: Aditya Mochammad Zulfikar , Alamsyah Intan Muchtadi
Published: January 2021

Let n ≥ 2. A Jacobson graph over ℤ
n
is a graph with vertex set all elements in ℤ
n
except elements in its Jacobson radical, and x and y are adjacent if and only if 1 − xy is not relative prime to n. In this paper, we give a characterization of Jacobson graph over ℤ
n
as a foundation for Jacobson graph over a finite commutative ring.
Total edge irregularity strength of triple book graphs
Authors: Ratnasari L , Wahyuni S , Susanti Y , Palupi D J E
Published: January 2021

Let G(V, E) be a finite, simple and undirected graph with a vertex set V and an edge set E. An edge irregular total k-labeling is a map f : V ⋃ E → {1, 2, …, k} such that for any two different edges xy and x′y′ in E, ω(xy) ≠ ω(x′y′) where ω(xy) = f(x) + f(y) + f(xy). The minimum k for which the graph G admits an edge irregular total k-labeling is called the total edge irregularity strength of G, denoted by tes(G). We have constructed the formula of an edge irregular total k-labelling and determined the total edge irregularity strength of book graphs and double book graphs. In this paper, we construct an edge irregular total k-labeling that can be used for book graphs, double book graphs, and triple book graphs. We also show the exact value of the total edge irregularity strength of triple book graphs.
Application of linier fuzzy multi-objective programming model in travelling salesman problem
Authors: Hertini E , Nahar J , Supriatna A K
Published: January 2021

Traveling salesman problem is a problem where a salesman must visit a number of cities, each of which is visited exactly once only, and has to start from and return to the origin city. The objective of this traveling salesman is to determine an optimal travel route by minimizing travel cost or travel distance. If a decision maker wants to determine an optimal route by minimizing travel cost and distance simultaneously, they need more than one destination function, and therefore traveling salesman problem can be formulated as a multi-objective problem. In a traveling salesman problem, salesman make decisions by choosing an optimal route based on an expected measurement. In fact, a number of real problems cannot be expressed as a constraint function and resources in a definite form, so it is necessary to use fuzzy logic which allows us for making decisions based on bias or incorrect data. This paper will discuss a solution to the traveling salesman problem by using a fuzzy multi-objective model, which aims to determine an optimal route of the salesman. Results obtained from data processing of five places to visit by using a Maple 18 software included minimum cost, distance, and time with satisfaction level α = 0.89.
Quadratic embedding constants of hairy cycle graphs
Authors: Irawan W , Sugeng K A
Published: January 2021

The quadratic embedding (QE) class of the connected graphG= (V,E) is determined based on its quadratic embedding constant (QEC) of the distance matrix graphG. The distance matrix is a conditionally definite negative, or equivalently if it admits a quadratic embedding in a Hilbert space, or if QEC of the graphGis non-positive. In this study, the classification for the hairy cycle graphs such as bearded cycle graphBC(k,m)forkis even, bearded cycle graphBC(3,m)and broken sun graphBC(4,m)will be calculated, and we derive the formulae of its QEC. These classes of graphs belongs to the QE class.
Infinite Family of Ramsey (K
1,2, C
4)-minimal Graphs
Authors: Hadiputra F. F. , Silaban D. R.
Published: January 2021

Suppose F, G, and H be simple graphs. We let F → (G, H) denote red-blue coloring of edges of F containing either red G or blue H. The graph F is considered Ramsey (G, H)-minimal if F → (G, H) and F − e ↛ (G, H) for arbitrary edge e of E(F ). The set of (G, H)-minimal graphs is denoted by R(G, H). In this paper, we study an infinite family of graphs belongs to R(K
1,2, C
4).
On d-local strong rainbow connection number of prism graphs
Authors: Nugroho E , Sugeng K A
Published: January 2021

A u − ν rainbow path is a path that connects two vertices u and ν in a graph G and every edge in that path has a different color. A connected graph G is called a rainbow graph if there is a rainbow path for every pair of vertices in G. For any two vertices u and ν in G, a rainbow u − ν geodesic in G is the shortest rainbow u − ν path. The d-local strong rainbow number (lsrc

d
) is the smallest number of colors needed to color the edges of G such that any two vertices with distance at most d can be connected by a rainbow geodesic. Thus, the value of d is in the interval 1 < d < diam(G). In this paper, we show the lsrc

d
of prism graphs with d = 2 and d = 3, and the generalized formula of lsrc

d
for any value of d.