bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using natural abundances of stable water isotopes to constrain vertically distributed root water uptake of forest trees
Authors: Bernhard Fabian , Meusburger Katrin
Published: April 2021

The water balance in forest soils is strongly affected by vertical distribution of root water uptake. Our objective is to constrain the parametrization of root water uptake in the field by using the naturally occurring, seasonal variability in stable isotope signatures in precipitation to trace water fluxes through the soil and into the trees.

The 1D soil hydrologic model LWFBrook90.jl contains the necessary processes to accurately reproduce hydrometric observations of volumetric soil moisture content and soil matric potential at forest sites in Switzerland. Root water uptake is described with a gradient-driven model using vertically varying root density and moisture-dependent rhizosphere resistivities. The hydrologic model will be extended with transport and fractionation processes to enable the modeling of isotopic signatures in soil and tree water.

We present a planned field sampling campaign over two subsequent vegetation seasons at 10 long-term monitoring forest sites. Soil water is sampled with lysimeters at four soil depths, and tree water is sampled from the xylem with increment corers. Both types of samples are taken bi-weekly. First results from an ongoing multi-year soil water sampling campaign show that the signal can be traced along the soil profile and are presented to illustrate the approach.
Modelling the effects of fertiliser solubility and soil buffer power on phosphorus uptake by spring wheat using an image-based approach
Authors: Williams Katherine , McKay Fletcher Daniel , Petroselli Chiara , Ruiz Siul , Walker Nancy , Roose Tiina
Published: April 2021

Phosphorus (P) is critical for plant growth and can limit crop yields, but rock phosphate (the primary source of agricultural P) is a finite resource which is predicted to run out within 50-250 years. However, since P is important for short-term yield gains, it is often over-applied, causing run-off and water pollution. It is crucial to apply the right fertilisers at the most efficient rate, time, and place to protect our food security and environment for the future.

Optimal application requires an understanding of the processes affecting P availability to plants. Fertilisers range from soluble in water (e.g TSP) to only slightly soluble (e.g. struvite). However, experiments testing the efficacy of fertilisers with different solubilities have reached variable results. Standard soil testing methods sample at fixed time points, while the dissolution, diffusion, sorption and uptake of P are dynamic processes, so to make predictions we must understand those dynamics.

We used image-based modelling to investigate the predicted effects of dissolution rate and soil buffer power on P uptake by spring wheat root systems taken from X-ray CT images. We added a P source to represent a fertiliser granule and modelled the predicted P uptake based on 1 day, 1 week, and 14 week dissolution of the same amount of P for two realistic soil buffer powers.

We demonstrated that rapid dissolution increased short-term root uptake, but dissolution over 1 week did not differ from dissolution over 1 day. We also found that root system architecture has a large effect on the efficiency of a P fertiliser pellet, highlighting the importance of application location. These results provide a starting point for predictive modelling of the efficacy of different P fertilisers in different soils, and our image-based approach gives the ability to add different root architectures for different species or varieties.
Modelling coating cohesion effect on soil mechanical stability and permeability of the biopore - matrix interface pore region
Authors: Pires Barbosa Luis Alfredo , Gerke Horst H.
Published: April 2021

Biopore surface is often characterized by finer particles and increased concentration of polysaccharides from root and earthworm exudates, presenting physico-chemical properties different from those of the soil matrix. Such exudates controls not only the wettability or sorption properties but also the adhesive forces of the surrounding soil particles. Thus, increased mechanical stability may be expected on biopore-matrix interface affecting preferential flow and transport processes, as well.

However, it is still unknown (i) to what extent the particle cohesion in the coated region is able to increase the resilience of the biopore to an external loading and (ii) how it affects the permeability of the biopore-matrix pore region.

We created a discrete element model (DEM) model of a hollow cylindrical soil sample with a coated biopore in the center (i.e., 1 cm height, 1 cm outer and 0.6 cm inner diameter). The spherical particles in the model presented diameter of 0.13 mm for the coated material and 0.22 mm for the soil matrix. The cohesion among particles in the soil matrix was set to a constant value of 10.9 MPa while the cohesion among particles in the coated region varied between 10.9 and 50.9 MPa. The sample was subjected to axial compression and the force and cracks recorded. The permeability in the radial direction from the biopore to soil matrix was calculated using ImageJ and a 3D stokes solver (FDMMS).

The increment in the coating cohesion increased the overall soil stiffness in terms of the Young’s modulus. Before axial compression, the calculated hydraulic permeability for the interface coating and matrix was 182 μm2. After compression, although the lower coating cohesion resulted in a larger number of cracks, permeability increased with coating cohesion. This suggests that with increasing soil stiffness, the cracks decrease in number but increase in length (i.e. improved connectivity).
Evaluating the interaction of biofilms, organic matter and soil structures at the pore scale
Authors: Prechtel Alexander , Zech Simon , Lieu Alice , Schulz Raphael , Ray Nadja
Published: April 2021

Key functions of soils, such as permeability or habitat for microorganisms, are determined by structures at the microaggregate scale. The evolution of elemental distributions and dynamic processes can often not be assessed experimentally. So mechanistic models operating at the pore scale are needed.
We consider the complex coupling of biological, chemical, and physical processes in a hybrid discrete-continuum modeling approach. It integrates dynamic wetting (liquid) and non-wetting (gas) phases including biofilms, diffusive processes for solutes, mobile bacteria transforming into immobile biomass, and ions which are prescribed by means of partial differential equations. Furthermore the growth of biofilms as, e.g., mucilage exuded by roots, or the distribution of particulate organic matter in the system, is incorporated in a cellular automaton framework (CAM) presented in [1, 2]. It also allows for structural changes of the porous medium itself (see, e.g. [3]). As the evolving computational domain leads to discrete discontinuities, we apply the local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method for the transport part. Mathematical upscaling techniques incorporate the information from the pore to the macroscale [1,4].
The model is applied for two research questions: We model the incorporation and turnover of particulate OM influencing soil aggregation, including ‘gluing’ hotspots, and show scenarios varying of OM input, turnover, or particle size distribution.
Second, we quantify the effective diffusivity on 3D geometries from CT scans of a loamy and a sandy soil. Conventional models cannot account for natural pore geometries and varying phase properties. Upscaling allows also to quantify how root exudates (mucilage) can significantly alter the macroscopic soil hydraulic properties.

[1]  Ray, Rupp, Prechtel (2017). AWR (107), 393-404.
[2] Rupp, Totsche, Prechtel, Ray (2018). Front. Env. Sci. (6) 96.
[3] Zech, Dultz, Guggenberger, Prechtel, Ray (2020). Appl. Clay Sci. 198, 105845.
[4] Ray, Rupp, Schulz, Knabner (2018). TPM 124(3), 803-824.
Effects of a check dam system on the runoff generation and concentration processes of a catchment on the Loess Plateau
Authors: Yuan Shuilong , Li Chen , Li Zhanbin , Zhang Zeyu
Published: April 2021

As important soil and water conservation engineering measures, there are more than 100,000 check dams constructed on the Loess Plateau; these dams play a vital role in reducing floods and sediment in watersheds. However, the effects of check dams on hydrologic process are still unclear, particularly when they are deployed as a system for watershed soil and water management. This study examined the watershed hydrologic process modulated by the check dam system in a typical Loess Plateau catchment. By simulating scenarios with various numbers of check dams using a distributed physical-based hydrological model, the effects of the number of check dams on runoff generation and concentration were analyzed for the study catchment. The results showed that the presence of check dams reduced the peak discharge and the flood volume and extended the flood duration; the reduction effect on peak discharge was most significant among the three factors. The system of check dams substantially decreased the runoff coefficient, and the runoff coefficient reduction rate was greater for rainstorms with shorter return periods than for rainstorms with longer return periods. The check dams increased the capacity of the catchment regulating and storing floods and extended the average runoff concentration time in the catchment that flattened the instantaneous unit hydrograph. This study reveals the influencing mechanism of check dams on the hydrological process of a watershed under heavy rainstorm conditions and provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the effects of numerous check dams on regional hydrology and water resources on the Loess Plateau.
Influence of climate change on soil erosion in high mountain area: a case study of upper Heihe river basin
Authors: Wang Li , Zhang Fan , Wang Guanxing
Published: April 2021

The impact of climate change on soil erosion is pronounced in high mountain area. In this study, the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) model was improved for better calculation of soil erosion during snowmelt period by integrating a distributed hydrological model in upper Heihe river basin (UHRB). The results showed that the annual average soil erosion rate from 1982 to 2015 in the study area was 8.1 t ha-1 yr-1, belonging to the light grade. To evaluate the influence of climate change on soil erosion, detrended analysis of precipitation, temperature and NDVI was conducted. It was found that in detrended analysis of precipitation and temperature, the soil erosion of UHRB would decrease 26.5% and 3.0%, respectively. While in detrended analysis of NDVI, soil erosion would increase 9.9%. Compared with precipitation, the effect of temperature on total soil erosion was not significant, but the detrended analysis of temperature showed that the effect of temperature on soil erosion during snowmelt period can reach 70%. These finding were helpful for better understanding of the impact of climate change on soil erosion and provide a scientific basis for soil management in high mountain area under climate change in the future.
Soil erosion impacts on nutrient deposition in a typical karst watershed
Authors: Chengfang Li , Zhongcheng Wang , Zhenwei Li , Xianli Xu
Published: April 2021

Soil erosion has a significant influence on nutrient redistribution and deposition. However, the effect of soil erosion on nutrient deposition remains unclear in karst areas such as southwest China, which represents an ecologically fragile zone experiencing severe soil erosion. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) deposition in a karst watershed of southwest China over the past 60 years and evaluate the relationship between soil erosion and nutrient deposition. The peak-cluster depressions in southwest China are typical for the geomorphological type, which is an ideal place to determine the sediment chronology, and the estimation of sediment and nutrient deposition rates. Three soil profiles were excavated in a typical karst depression. The characteristics of 137Cs, 210Pbex, particle size distribution, and nutrients at different soil depths were investigated to evaluate the effect of soil erosion on nutrient deposition. Results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between nutrient concentrations and clay content (P<0.001). Generally, compared with 137Cs, 210Pbex had a higher correlation with SOC and TN. In an undisturbed sediment profile, Pb/Cs can reflect nutrient dynamics better than a single nuclide. The nutrient deposition rates increased before 1953, reached its maximum in 1954-1956, and then dropped rapidly from 1957 to 2015. The sediment deposition rates were negatively correlated with nutrient concentrations (P<0.01), but had a positive influence on nutrient deposition rates (P<0.01). This implies that the temporal variation in nutrient deposition rates over the past 60 years was dominated by soil erosion rather than nutrient concentrations. This study provides a new insight to explore the historical nutrient deposition rates in a peak-cluster karst depression, and may help effectively control soil erosion and sustainable development of agro-ecosystems.
Soil thermal conductivity dataset
Authors: He Hailong
Published: April 2021

Soil thermal conductivity (STC) is required parameter for coupled water and heat transport for land surface models. However, unlike soil hydraulic properties, no global dataset is available for STC. The objective of this study was to collate literature data and to take new measurements in order to establish a big STC dataset that would facilitate the evaluation and development of STC models. We collected over 8000 STC measurements made on over 400 soil types around the world following rigid filtering criteria and processes. All the STC data in the dataset were based on transient-heat-flow methods (e.g., non-steady-state method, line-heat source, needle probe, thermal probe, dual and single probe heat pulse method, thermo-time domain reflectometry). Each soil contains at least five water contents in addition to known soil physical properties such as texture and bulk density. This presentation will give a brief introduction about the STC dataset as well as call for contributions to it.
Simulation of shale weathering by seasonal O2 diffusion in a variably saturated soil
Authors: Tremosa Joachim , Debure Mathieu , Jacques Diederik , Claret Francis
Published: April 2021

A HPx model that jointly considered the flow, transport, gas diffusion and reactivity processes induced by exposure to the atmosphere of a recently excavated shale was used for the interpretation of a weathering experiment in a lysimeter. The lysimeter was filled with a mechanically disaggregated shale presenting preferential pathways for water and a hydraulic conductivity at saturation of 100 cm/day. The water content and the seasonal saturation and desaturation cycles were identified as the main driving mechanisms of shale alteration. The water content determined the diffusion of gaseous oxygen in the shale’s unsaturated porosity, which gave rise to a zonation of the oxidation of pyrite, contained at 1 wt% in the shale. The oxidation of pyrite induces a release of sulphates, cations, iron and trace metals (Pb, Ni, Zn, Co, Cu and As). The acidification due to pyrite oxidation is buffered by calcite dissolution. While the formation of iron (oxy-)hydroxide is efficient for sorbing trace metals, whose content remained at low concentrations in the drainage water. Seasonal precipitation of gypsum during the summer desaturation at the top of the lysimeter was also identified. The hydraulic, chemical and mineralogical observations made in the lysimeters were reproduced using HPx reactive transport code under unsaturated conditions. It was possible to account for the gas diffusion where O2 availability controlled the reactivity with the shale, depending on the meteorological conditions and the drainage at the base of the lysimeter.
An automated machine learning based ensemble approach for improving estimates of soil water retention parameters
Authors: Chen Hao , Wang Tiejun , Zhang Yonggen
Published: April 2021

Accurately mapping soil water retention parameters is vital for modeling atmosphere-land interactions but is challenged by limited measurements and simulations globally. Ensemble pedotransfer functions (PTFs) have been highly recommended for use due to the higher reliability of ensemble models and the error compensation among ensemble members. However, conventional ensemble approaches assign a fixed weight to each PTF and may not fully utilize the strengths of individual PTFs. In this work, we developed a new ensemble approach based on an automated machine learning workflow to assign varying weights to assemble 13 widely used PTFs. The AutoML-assisted ensemble approach (AutoML-Ens), as well as the simple average (MEAN), Bayesian Model Average (BMA), and the hierarchical multi-model ensemble approach (HMME), were evaluated using the global coverage National Cooperative Soil Surbey (NCSS) Soil Characterization Database. Results indicate that AutoML-Ens approach performs better than the conventional approaches in terms of the coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE). Three soil hydraulic parameters, i.e., saturated water content, field capacity, and wilting points, and their corresponding uncertainties, were further derived through the AutoML-Ens approach at a 30’’×30’’ geographical spatial resolution based on a global soil composition database (SoilGrids), which can be applied in the Earth System Modeling. This study demonstrated the necessity of dynamic weights assigning in ensemble approaches and the great potential of coupling data-driven (here, the AutoML) and modeling (empirically or physically-based PTFs) approaches in mapping global soil water retention-like parameters.
Calibrated ensemble forecasts of the height of new snow using quantile regression forests and Ensemble Model Output Statistics
Authors: Evin Guillaume , Lafaysse Matthieu , Taillardat Maxime , Zamo Michaël
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Height of new snow (HN) forecasts help to prevent critical failures of infrastructures in mountain areas, e.g. transport networks, ski resorts. The French national meteorological service, Meteo-France, operates a probabilistic forecasting system based on ensemble meteorological forecasts and a detailed snowpack model to provide ensembles of HN forecasts. These forecasts are however significantly biased and underdispersed. As for many weather variables, post-processing methods can be used to alleviate these drawbacks and obtain meaningful 1-day to 4-day HN forecasts. In this paper, we compare the skill of two post-processing methods. The first approach is an ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) method, which can be described as a Nonhomogeneous Regression with a Censored Shifted Gamma distribution. The second approach is based on quantile regression forests, using different meteorological and snow predictors. Both approaches are evaluated using a 22-year reforecast. Thanks to a larger number of predictors, the quantile regression forest is shown to be a powerful alternative to EMOS for the post-processing of HN ensemble forecasts. The gain of performance is important in all situations but is particularly marked when raw forecasts completely miss the snow event. This type of situations happens when the rain-snow transition elevation is overestimated by the raw forecasts (rain instead of snow in the raw forecasts) or when there is no precipitation in the forecast. In that case, quantile regression forests improve the predictions using the other weather predictors (wind, temperature, specific humidity).
La crítica de la modernidad en el pensamiento decolonial
Authors: Alvarez Yagüez Jorge
Published: April 2021

El presente texto se centra en la crítica que el pensamiento decolonial ha dirigido a la cultura occidental, focalizada en la modernidad, como intrínsecamente violenta y respecto de la cual las culturas que sufrieron la colonización debieran cortar radicalmente. Con el objetivo de poner en cuestión algunos aspectos centrales de este planteamiento se analizan críticamente sus conceptos de modernidad, de geopolítica del conocimiento y de cultura.
Una modernidad “antimoderna”
Authors: Álvarez Ángel Octavio
Published: April 2021

El artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar que el estilo como problema político es una de las condiciones de posibilidad para comprender el ethos reaccionario de la modernidad latinoamericana. La conjetura de fondo es que la modernidad latinoamericana es un tiempo diacrónico que mantiene un tiempo liberal en tensión con un tiempo reaccionario, razón suficiente para sugerir que el estilo de los “antimodernos” permite comprender algunos los problemas de la formación estético-política latinoamericana. Por consiguiente, el artículo está dividido en tres partes. La primera discute el estilo como un problema ético, antes que estético o retórico. La segunda postula la noción de estilo y sus rasgos gnósticos en el colombiano Nicolás Gómez Dávila. Por último, el artículo cierra con una discusión del concepto de estilo de Octavio Paz para mostrar cómo un intelectual que se define a sí mismo como liberal puede compartir el estilo de un reaccionario como síntoma de un ethos epocal.
¿Y si fuera el cuerpo quien animase al alma?
Authors: Llaguno Nieves Tatiana
Published: April 2021

Este artículo explora la problemática del cuerpo desde una perspectiva de género. Primero, se estudia la evasión filosófica del cuerpo, así como su inadvertida asimilación a lo femenino. Segundo, se examina la negación capitalista del cuerpo y la posibilidad de entender la diferenciación entre las lógicas de explotación y de expropiación a través de una previa diferenciación entre cuerpos. Se propone finalmente hacer un análisis de la exclusión general del cuerpo como una exclusión particular de lo femenino y de lo popular y se sugiere que el advenimiento de los cuerpos promulgado desde el movimiento feminista, especialmente en su vertiente latinoamericana, traen consigo un potencial democrático y emancipador.
Evaluation of H2 and CO2 adsorption into MIL-88A-Fe by Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation
Authors:   Faculty of Natural Science, Quy Nhon University, Vietnam, Nguyen Thi Xuan Huynh , Tran The Nam , Do Ngoc Son
Published: April 2021

Two of the global issues are finding new, clean energy sources to replace increasingly exhausting fossil fuels and overcome the problem of environmental pollution and climate change. In recent years, organic-metal framework series has been considered as a great candidate for H¬2 storage and CO2 capture to provide clean energy and reduce environmental pollution. Among them, MIL-88A-Fe has a stable and flexible structure in moist environments and high porosity. Therefore, in this research, hydrogen (H2) storage and carbon dioxide (CO2) capture capacities in MIL-88A-Fe were assessed quantitatively. By the grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation, the adsorption capacities of MIL-88A were elucidated via the adsorption isotherms, heats of adsorption at finite temperatures of 77 K and 298 K and pressures up to 100 bar. The results show that parameterizing force fields by combining DDEC method to calculate atomic partial charges for electrostatic interactions and the universal force field parameters for the Lennard-Jones interactions provide a quick and reliable method to evaluate gas capture and storage capacities of porous materials. The results also indicate that the abilities of H2 storage and CO2 capture of MIL-88A-Fe in gravimetric capacities were not very high; however, they were noticeable in volumetric uptakes. The hydrogen molecule is strongly adsorbed in the hollow positions of O and Fe atoms, while the CO2 molecule is more evenly distributed in the sorbent.
Editorial A pandemia amedronta, divide, segrega, enclausura e mata
Authors: Galvão-Alves José
Published: April 2021

Este número especial dos Anais da ANM descreve as ações da Academia Nacional de Medicina durante a pandemia de Covid-19 no ano de 2020. Lutando, buscando caminhos, sugerindo soluções, unindo-se aos homens da ciência contra o Covid-19.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PELAKU USAHA TRANSPORTASI ONLINE DALAM INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Fahmi Muhamad Arif , Munir Ahmad , Masruroh Ainul
Published: April 2021

In Indonesia, the last five years is very rapid development of technology until it penetrated into the field of transportation called online transportation. The existence of online transportation is hypothesized by most people as a positive part of the evolution of Industry 4.0 in the field of transportation in Indonesia. Not a few people also look negatively at this online transportation, because the existence of online transportation is considered to displace the existence of conventional transportation and the impact of income from conventional transportation is decreasing. The need for legal protection against online transportation businesses and conventional transportation must be provided by the government. This research is a normative research that examines regulations related to transportation and legal protection of online transportation businesses. Then there needs to be a role from the government to provide a legal umbrella on this online transportation.
Forty Years in Crises: Understanding the Underlying Causes of Financial Crises in Latin America and How Coronavirus Positions the Region Today
Authors: Murphy Kevin , Etebari Ahmad
Published: April 2021

This paper is an attempt at identifying the causes and commonalities of financial crises in Latin America over the past forty years. This identification is carried out through an extensive review and analysis of the literature on the precipitating factors of 12 major financial crises in six major nations in Latin America. Through the literature review, we find three major commonalities among the Latin American financial crises: over-dependence on commodities, ineffective macro and currency policies, and overall political instability. Political instability is often the impetus for self-serving, politically motivated economic decisions, accentuating an existing crisis or contributing to a new one, such as the region’s current struggles with the Covid-19 pandemic. Our analysis show that these crises are associated with significant shifts in the commodity prices, exchange rates and interest rates.
Đánh giá hiệu quả điều trị viêm nha chu có hỗ trợ laser diode 810nm lên kiểm soát đường huyết, protein phản ứng C và các cytokine viêm ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2
Authors: Minh Nguyễn Văn , Tuấn Tạ Anh , Hùng Hoàng Tử
Published: April 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả điều trị viêm nha chu có hỗ trợ laser diode 810nm lên kiểm soát hàm lượng protein phản ứng C (CRP), các cytokine viêm (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) và đường huyết ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu thực hiện trên 30 bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 có bệnh lý viêm nha chu. Bệnh nhân được đánh giá các chỉ số lâm sàng nha chu gồm: Chỉ số nướu (GI), chỉ số mảng bám răng (PI), độ sâu túi nha chu (PD), mất bám dính lâm sàng (CAL) và HbA1c ở thời điểm trước điều trị và 3 tháng sau điều trị. Mẫu máu bệnh nhân được dùng để phân tích các yếu tố CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α  ở thời điểm trước điều trị và 1 tháng sau điều trị nha chu. Kết quả: Tất cả chỉ số lâm sàng nha chu giảm có ý nghĩa thống kê sau 3 tháng điều trị. Hàm lượng các chất gây viêm toàn thân (CRP, cytokine) có giảm sau 1 tháng. Điều trị nha chu đồng thời làm giảm HbA1c có ý nghĩa sau 3 tháng. Kết luận: Điều trị nha chu không phẫu thuật có hỗ trợ laser diode có hiệu quả về mặt lâm sàng, HbA1c và làm giảm các yếu tố viêm toàn thân.
Điều trị u hốc mắt bằng phương pháp mổ vi phẫu qua sọ
Authors: Khiêm Trần Thiện , Kiều Phan Thị Diễm , Phương Huỳnh Lê
Published: April 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật u hốc mắt được mổ bằng phương pháp vi phẫu qua sọ. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu mô tả hàng loạt ca. Từ tháng 01/2017 đến tháng 09/2019 có 57 trường hợp u hốc mắt được phẫu thuật tại Khoa Ngoại Thần kinh - Bệnh viện Chợ Rẫy. Tác giả đã mô tả các dấu hiệu lâm sàng của u hốc mắt, tất cả bệnh nhân đều được đánh giá hình ảnh dựa vào cộng hưởng từ. Phương pháp phẫu thuật là vi phẫu qua sọ. Kết quả phẫu thuật đánh giá dựa vào tỷ lệ lấy hết u, biến chứng sau mổ và sự cải thiện các triệu chứng về mắt - thần kinh. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của 27 nam (47,4%) và 30 nữ (52,6%) là 43,5 ± 15,2 tuổi (6 - 72). Triệu chứng lâm sàng thường gặp nhất là lồi mắt (100%), kế đến là giảm thị lực (75,4%), đau mắt là 26,3%, khiếm khuyết thị trường và teo gai thị là 17,5%. U trong nón và u ngoài nón đều chiếm tỷ lệ 36,8%, u trong ống thị giác (26,4%). Đường kính u trung bình là 37,6 ± 12,8mm (18 - 85mm). Loại thương tổn thường gặp nhất là u màng não của thần kinh thị giác (21,1%), tiếp theo là u tế bào Schwann (14%), kế đến là u mạch dạng hang và ung thư di căn đều chiếm 10,5%, u nhầy là 8,8%. Kết quả lấy toàn bộ u và gần hết u là 59,6% và 36,8%. Không có trường hợp nào tử vong liên quan đến phẫu thuật và có vài biến chứng sau mổ: 7 trường hợp (12,3%) thị lực xấu hơn trước mổ do u liên quan với dây thần kinh thị giác, 16 trường hợp sụp mi sau mổ (28,1%), 1 trường hợp nhiễm trùng vết mổ (1,8%). Theo dõi sau mổ trung bình 24 tháng (9 - 40 tháng) ghi nhận tất cả các trường hợp sụp mi sau mổ đều hồi phục. 75,5% các trường hợp lồi mắt hồi phục hoàn toàn sau mổ. Thị lực sau mổ cải thiện trong 56,4% các trường hợp và 3,8% u tái phát. Kết luận: Phương pháp mổ vi phẫu qua sọ có hiệu quả trong điều trị u hốc mắt cả trong và ngoài nón, đặc biệt là những u liên quan với thành trên hốc mắt, đỉnh hốc mắt và u của thần kinh thị giác.
Nghiên cứu một số chỉ số tế bào máu ngoại vi và tủy xương ở bệnh nhân đột quỵ nhồi máu não trước lấy tủy xương số lượng lớn phục vụ điều trị ghép tế bào gốc tự thân
Authors: Khải Lý Tuấn , Ngọc Nguyễn Hoàng , Tuyến Nguyễn Văn , Trường Hồ Xuân
Published: April 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá đặc điểm tế bào máu ngoại vi và tuỷ xương của bệnh nhân đột quỵ nhồi máu não trước khi lấy dịch tuỷ xương số lượng lớn. Đối tượng và phương pháp: 57 bệnh nhân đột quỵ nhồi máu não từ 7 - 30 ngày sau đột quỵ (40 nam, 17 nữ), mỗi bệnh nhân được lấy khoảng 2ml máu ngoại vi và chọc hút khoảng 1 - 1,5ml dịch tủy xương từ mào chậu. Số lượng tế bào máu ngoại vi và tủy xương sẽ được phân tích trên hệ thống máy tự động, sau đó dàn 2-4 lam máu và 4-6 lam tuỷ, nhuộm giemsa đánh giá số lượng, hình thái. Tỷ lệ và số lượng CD34+ được xác định trên hệ thống FACS-Callibur. Kết quả: Số lượng bạch cầu, hồng cầu, tiểu cầu trung bình lần lượt là 9,37 ± 2,76G/L; 4,89 ± 0,57T/L và 333,65 ± 83,79G/L. Các chỉ số hồng cầu trong giới hạn bình thường. Số lượng tế bào có nhân trong tuỷ 69,88 ± 51,75G/L; tỷ lệ dòng bạch cầu hạt là 60,96 ± 7,06%; tỷ lệ dòng hồng cầu là 20,49 ± 7,20%; hình thái tế bào bình thường. Tỷ lệ tế bào gốc tạo máu CD34+ là 0,99 ± 0,49%, tỷ lệ tế bào CD34+ sống là 92,92 ± 5,11%; nồng độ tế bào CD34+ là 368,52 ± 271,69G/L. Kết luận: Đặc điểm về số lượng, hình thái và chức năng máu ngoại vi và tủy xương ở bệnh nhân đột quỵ nhồi máu não nghiên cứu đảm bảo cho quá trình tách chiết, cô đặc tạo khối tế bào gốc tủy xương để điều trị.
Thực trạng sử dụng kháng sinh colistin trên bệnh nhân lọc máu liên tục tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108
Authors: Hải Nguyễn Thành , Ngọc Hà Mỹ , Thuỷ Nguyễn Thị Thu , Hương Nguyễn Thị Liên , Trung Nguyễn Đức , Chính Đinh Đức , Huy Phạm Văn
Published: April 2021

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, vi sinh và đặc điểm sử dụng colistin trên bệnh nhân lọc máu liên tục tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Hồi cứu mô tả trên 45 bệnh án có sử dụng đồng thời colistin và liệu pháp lọc máu liên tục tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ tháng 1/2018 đến tháng 5/2020. Kết quả và kết luận: 66,7% bệnh nhân từ 60 tuổi trở lên. Các bệnh nhân điều trị chủ yếu tại Khoa Hồi sức tích cực (84,4%). Có tổng số 57 đợt lọc máu liên tục với lý do chủ yếu là sốc nhiễm khuẩn (86,0%). Căn nguyên vi sinh phổ biến nhất là A. baumannii (46,7%). Một số chủng E. coli, A. baumannii và K. pneumoniae đã xuất hiện MIC ≥ 4mg/L. Nhiễm khuẩn phổ biến nhất là viêm phổi (97,8%). 39/45 bệnh nhân sử dụng liều nạp colistin với liều nạp trung bình là 6,5 ± 1,9MIU. Trong những ngày lọc máu liên tục, liều duy trì phổ biến nhất là 2MIU mỗi 8 giờ. Hơn một nửa số ngày nằm ngoài đợt lọc máu liên tục có liều duy trì thấp hơn khuyến cáo. Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân đáp ứng hoàn toàn/một phần, không đáp ứng với phác đồ colistin lần lượt là 35,6% và 64,4%. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, cần xây dựng quy trình ghi chép đầy đủ các chỉ số đặc điểm của bệnh nhân cũng như các thông số CRRT, đồng thời, tối ưu hoá liều colistin theo cá thể bệnh nhân và theo quá trình lọc máu liên tục.
Komunikasi Bisnis: Konstruksi Teoretis dan Praktis
Authors:   Pertanian, Universitas Borneo Tarakan, Suryana Nia Kurniasih , Mubarak Ahmad ,   Pertanian, Universitas Borneo Tarakan, Inten M Sekar ,   Pertanian, Universitas Borneo Tarakan, Arbain Muhammad ,   Pertanian, Universitas Borneo Tarakan, Zulhafandi Zulhafandi ,   Pertanian, Universitas Borneo Tarakan
Published: April 2021

Komunikasi berperan penting dalam dinamika sebuah bisnis sebagai wujud dari ketatnya persaingan bisnis serta tingginya keinginan dan harapan publik/masyarakat. Kegiatan bisnis sangat dipengaruhi oleh sifat kritis akan kebutuhan informasi yang tinggi dan opini dari media. Komunikasi dalam bisnis merupakan syarat dalam membentuk sebuah relasi baik secara individu maupun kelompok yang disampaikan secara verbal atau non verbal secara langsung maupun lewat media. Komunikasi bisnis yang baik akan mengurangi kesalahpahaman dan interpretasi yang salah antara individu maupun kelompok usaha, perusahaan dan stakeholders. Buku ini wajib dimiliki oleh para pebisnis pemula maupun yang lebih dulu memulai suatu kegiatan bisnis. Selain membahas tentang proses bisnis dan tantangannya, buku ini juga menyajikan perangkat dan teknologi yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam kegiatan bisnis, komunikasi penyelia, komunikasi lintas budaya, komunikasi dengan orang dengan latar budaya asing, beberapa teknik penulisan pesan baik melalui memo dan email, teknik membuat rencana proposal dan laporan bisnis serta presentasi bisnis.
Model Desa Cerdas Untuk Membangun Indonesia Maju
Authors:   Pusat Pelatihan dan Pengembangan dan Pemetaan Kompetensi Aparatur Sipil Negara Lembaga Administrasi Negara (Puslatbang PKASN LAN), Andari Rosita Novi , Ella Susy ,   Pusat Pelatihan dan Pengembangan dan Pemetaan Kompetensi Aparatur Sipil Negara Lembaga Administrasi Negara (Puslatbang PKASN LAN)
Published: April 2021

Buku ini berisi gambaran Model Desa Cerdas secara komprehensif yang mencakup keseluruhan dimensi, variabel dan indikator dari model Desa Cerdas, tahapan pengembangan dan tata kelola Desa Cerdas yang dapat diterapkan di Indonesia. Model Desa Cerdas ini merupakan model yang dikembangkan sebagai salah satu alternatif solusi untuk mengatasi berbagai permasalahan dalam pembangunan desa selama ini seperti masih tingginya angka kemiskinan, tingkat pengangguran desa dan kesenjangan pembangunan perdesaan dengan perkotaan. Sasaran utama dari pengembangan model Desa Cerdas di Indonesia adalah untuk mengakselerasi transformasi ekonomi dan pembangunan desa di Indonesia dari desa dengan status sangat tertinggal, tertinggal, berkembang, dan maju menjadi desa mandiri. Pertumbuhan jumlah desa mandiri tersebut secara keseluruhan diharapkan mampu mendorong akselerasi transformasi ekonomi dan pembangunan Indonesia menjadi negara maju sebagaimana visi yang ingin dicapai pada tahun 2024 dan 2045. Buku ini telah berhasil menggambarkan keragaman konsep Desa Cerdas dan telah mencoba membuat rumusan alternatif guna mendasari tawaran model Desa Cerdas yang aplikatif untuk mendorong status kemajuan desa dari desa sangat tertinggal menjadi desa mandiri.
Analgesic effect of dl-THP on inflammatory pain mediated by suppressing spinal TRPV1 and P2X3 receptors in rats
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Rui-Rui , Sun Wei , Lou Chao , Yang Fan , He Ting , Wang Xiao-Liang , Cao Fa-Le , Chen Jun
Published: April 2021

Tetrahydropalmatine (dl-THP) demonstrates an analgesic effect in animal models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain, however, the underlying mechanisms of its pharmacological action within the spinal cord remains unclear. Both P2X3 receptor and TRPV1 are associated with the development and progression of such neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Here, we found that both pre-treatment and post-treatment with dl-THP could attenuate Bee Venom (BV)-induced persistent spontaneous pain-related behaviors in rats. Further, the dl-THP also exerted both preventive and therapeutic analgesic effects in BV-induced primary thermal and mechanical pain hypersensitivity as well as in mirror-image thermal pain hypersensitivity. The Rota-Rod treadmill test revealed that the dl-THP administration did not alter the rats’ motor coordinating performance. The TRPV1 and P2X3 receptor proteins increased markedly in the spinal cord of the rats following s.c. BV injection, which was significantly suppressed by dl-THP. These results suggest that dl-THP exerts a robust antihyperalgesia effect through down-regulation of P2X3 receptors and TRPV1 in inflammatory pain, providing a scientific basis for the translation of dl-THP treatment in clinics.
Phytotherapy for treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19
Authors: Sapra Leena , Bhardwaj Asha , Azam Zaffar , Madhry Deekhsha , Verma Bhupendra , Rathore Sumit , Srivastava Rupesh K.
Published: April 2021

In 2020, a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) has led to a significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. As of the date of this writing, a total of 116 M cases has been diagnosed worldwide leading to 2.5 M deaths. The number of mortalities is directly correlated with the rise of innate immune cells (especially macrophages) in the lungs that secrete inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) leading to the development of “Cytokine Storm Syndrome” (CSS), multi-organ-failure and death. Given that currently the treatment of this condition is rare and release of effective vaccine might be months away, here, we review the plants and their pharmacologically active-compounds as potential phytopharmaceuticals for the virus induced inflammatory response. Experimental validation of the effectiveness of these natural compounds to prevent or reduce the cytokine storm might be beneficial as an adjunct treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
تعليم الحوار باستخدام وسيلة الكلمات في اللوح (Word Wall)
Authors: Fithri Rachma Auliya , Wahyudin Dedih
Published: April 2021

إن الأغراض لهذا البحث هي معرفة تحصيل التلاميذ الدراسي قبل استخدام وسيلة الكلمات في اللوح وبعد استخدامه في تعليم الحوار لتلاميذ الصف الثاني في مدرسة العرفان العالية الإسلامية بورواكرتا ومعرفة الأثر من استخدامه إلى ترقية تحصيل التلاميذ الدراسي فيه. والطريقة المستخدمة في هذا البحث هي الطريقة التجريبية بتصميم الاختبار القبلي والاختبار البعدي لمجموعة واحدة. أما الأساليب لجمع البيانات فهي المقابلة والملاحظة والدراسة المكتبية والاختبار. ومن النتائج المحصولة من هذا البحث أن تحصيل التلاميذ الدراسي قبل استخدام وسيلة الكلمات في اللوح حصل على طبقة منخفضة. وهذا كما دلت عليه قيمة المتوسط على قدر 55،04 وتحصيل التلاميذ الدراسي بعد استخدام وسيلة الكلمات في اللوح حصل على طبقة عالية، وهذا كما دلت عليه قيمة المتوسط على قدر 88،06. وإن استخدام وسيلة الكلمات في اللوح في تعليم الحوار يؤثر في ترقية تحصيل التلاميذ الدراسي ومستوى التأثير على قدر 71٪.
Dil̄alatu Lafẓi "Fataḥa" Wa Musytaqātihi Fī Al-Qur’an Al-Karim
Authors: Rifa'i Muhammad Farid
Published: April 2021

Al-Qur’an Al-Karim merupakan mukjizat terbesar. Diantara mukjizat Al-Qur’an Al-Karim ialah mukjizat dari aspek kebahasaan, hal ini berkaitan erat dengan bahasa Arab, mukjizat Al-Qur’an Al-Karim terkandung dalam setiap kata dan gaya bahasa. Di dalam Al-Qur’an Al-Karim terdapat satu kata yang menunjukan makna yang banyak, hal ini dinamakan dengan musytarak lafẓi (Polisemy), seperti kata “fataha” dan derivasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berbagai perubahan bentuk (morfologis) kata “fataha” dan derivasinya, mengetahui makna yang terkandung di dalam kata “fataha” dan derivasinya, mengetahui nilai-nilai pendidikan yang terkandung di dalam kata “fataha” dan derivasinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dan metode yang digunakan ialah metode konten analisis. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini ialah data kepustakaan yang diambil dari sumber primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian tentang kata “fataha” dan derivasinya menunjukan beberapa hal, yaitu: 1) Penggunaan kata “fataha” dan derivasinya dalam Al-Qur’an Al-karim dalam berbagai ayat dan surat dengan bentuk fi’il madhi,fi’il mudhari’,fi’il amr, masdar, isim fail, isim maf’ul, isim alat, dan shighat mubalaghah. 2) Makna yang terkandung dalam kata “fataha” dan derivasinya yaitu makna leksikal dan kontekstul. Makna leksikal yaitu lawan kata tertutup (terbuka) adapun derivasinya kembali pada makna asal. Makna kontekstual ketetapan, pertolongan, utusan, kemenangan, ilmu, dan hari akhir. 3) Nilai-nilai pendidikan yang terkandung di dalam kata “fataha” dan derivasinya ialah nilai i’tiqodiyah (keyakinan), nilai khuluqiyah (etika), dan nilai amaliyah (pengalaman).

Kata kunci: lafadz fataha dan derivasinya, semantik, polisemi, nilai-nilai pendidikan.
An initial investigation of pest species on Dai Loan mango planting in Cao Lanh city, Dong Thap province, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Oanh , Ha Danh Duc
Published: April 2021

Insect pests that damage Dai Loan mango trees were preliminarily surveyed in some regions in Cao Lanh city, Dong Thap Province, Vietnam. The results of the survey recorded twenty-nine species of insect pests belonging to sixteen families, and five orders. Bactrocera dorsalis (fruit fly), Idioscopus nitidulus (leafhopper) and Deanolis albizonalis (fruit borer) were very abundant, while Alcidodes frenatus had the lowest numbers in all surveyed sites. A number of insect pest species that were observed attacking mango in other places in Vietnam were not found in our surveys. However, fifteen species of insect pests were noted in this study, but they have not been found in other places. The results reported here highlight some insect pests attacking Dai Loan mango that have not been recorded before.
Polymyxin B hemoperfusion in septic patients with acute myeloblastic and premyelocytic leukemia
Authors: De Simone Luigi , Valentini Katia , Maceri Francesca , Cidin Sabrina , Benedetti Edoardo , Del Pellegrino Valentina , Maria Paladini Anna
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Infections are frequent complications in patients with malignant hematological disease and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The use of polymyxin B hemoperfusion (PMX-HP) as an additional therapy in hematological patients who develop sepsis or septic shock following chemo- or immunosuppressive therapy is not often described in literature.

Case Series: This study included patients with hematological neoplasms (acute myeloblastic or promyelocytic leukemia) who were undergoing chemotherapy (pre- or post-transplant) and developed sepsis or septic shock requiring organ support. The patients received one session of polymyxin B hemoperfusion generally followed by at least 72 hours of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) as renal support. The clinical condition, hemodynamic parameters, and blood chemistry values of the patients were monitored until discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU). Nine patients were included in this study. Of the 9 patients, 6 survived and were discharged from the ICU. In the 6 surviving patients a drastic reduction in procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were observed after treatment with PMX-HP. No adverse events related to the PMX-HP treatment occurred.

Conclusion: Patients with hematological neoplasms complicated with septic shock have a very high mortality. In our experience, polymyxin B hemoperfusion therapy and CRRT in addition to conventional therapy may be a valid strategy to improve outcome in this type of patients.
Do protesto à intervenção: socialização política, cidadania e insurgência em mobilizações estudantis de escolas públicas
Authors: Maia Bóris
Published: April 2021

Este artigo trata de mobilizações estudantis em escolas públicas, a partir de um caso acompanhado in loco no ano de 2013, baseado em trabalho de campo realizado pelo autor durante um ano letivo em uma escola pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Com uma abordagem etnográfica, apresenta-se todo o processo de mobilização dos estudantes dessa instituição ao reivindicarem melhorias em seu contexto escolar. Analisa-se o processo de socialização política em jogo e o significado de tais demandas na atual conjuntura sociopolítica brasileira, tomando como referência a dinâmica que se estabeleceu ao longo do processo entre estudantes, professores, diretores e gestores, assim como o desfecho do caso analisado. Argumenta-se que as mobilizações estudantis colocam em questão o modelo de cidadania brasileiro, historicamente marcado pela desigualdade de direitos atribuídos a diferentes segmentos sociais
Barbosa Jr., Ademir. O corte: provocações sobre o abate religioso. São Paulo: Pluralidades, 2020. 44p.
Authors: Araújo Patrício Carneiro
Published: April 2021

Resennha do livro "O corte: provocações sobre o abate religioso", de autoria de Ademir Barbosa Júnior, publicado pela editora Pluralidades, no ano de 2020.
Dissertações e Teses do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia e Arqueologia da UFPR – 2020
Authors: - Revista de Antropologia Campos
Published: April 2021

Resumos de dissertações e teses do Programa de Pós-Graduação emAntropologia da UFPR defendidas em 2020.
Transições na carreira na perspectiva de psicólogos: motivos e estratégias de enfrentamento
Authors: Silva Marlize Paulo , Melo-Silva Lucy Leal
Published: April 2021

A construção da carreira ao longo da vida requer habilidades de gerenciamento e adaptação às transições. Assim, este estudo objetivou descrever os motivos e as estratégias utilizadas por uma amostra de 91 psicólogas/os para lidar com as transições. A pesquisa ocorreu por uma plataforma online que continha um questionário sobre as transições na carreira. Com uso do software IraMuteQ foram analisados dois corpus: motivos e estratégias. O eixo central sobre os motivos das transições aponta a busca por autonomia e crescimento profissional, qualidade de vida, exploração de novos interesses, insatisfação com a remuneração e fatores externos. No campo das estratégias, ganhou destaque a aquisição de novas experiências, estudos, busca por parcerias, pesquisas sobre o mercado de trabalho, cultivo do networking e a dedicação à pesquisa e à docência. Os motivos e as estratégias apontadas corroboram outros achados da literatura com psicóloga/o e com outros grupos profissionais.
Transition to practice for the new graduate NP: A checklist and guide to understanding next steps
Authors: Davis Lindsay F. , Colella Christine M. , Mullins Kimberly K.
Published: April 2021

The transition to practice for the newly graduated nurse practitioner requires multiple steps. While accessible through multiple outlets it is cumbersome to gather. This article outlines a singular resource of next steps for the new graduate outlining the process for a successful transition to professional practice. A time-oriented checklist of essential tasks to keep the new graduate organized can reduce stress and delay on their path to becoming a nurse practitioner.