bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internal drainage system of Aldegondabreen, Spitsbergen, according to speleological studies
Authors: Mavlyudov B. R.
Published: September 2022

The systems of internal drainage of glaciers have been studied mainly by indirect methods. In order to reveal the structure of the internal drainage network inside Aldegondabreen, moulins and glacial caves were investigated by speleological methods in 2001–2021, which was accompanied by a semi-instrumental topographic survey in the cavities. This allowed us to see the change in the glacial cavities over time. There are three types of moulins in Aldegondadreen: active, dead and healed ones. We visited active and dead moulins. The depth of the entrance pits in the moulins varies from 52 to 65 m (moulin group No 1), from 70 to 75 (moulin group No 2) and from 45 to 60 m (moulin group No 3). The depth of moulins is equal to the thickness of the cold ice layer. Using the structure of the moulins, we show that the water from moulin group No 1 flows to the right marginal part of the glacier tongue. The water from moulin groups No 2 and No 3 flows to the left margin part of the glacier tongue, which is confirmed by the mapping of healed moulins locations. We find that the number of active and dead moulins has been decreasing since 2001, while the number of healed moulins has increased. We attribute this to a decrease in the thickness of the temperate ice layer at the base of the glacier due to climate change. Many moulins have narrow meanders at the lower part of the entrance pits, which usually finish by siphons. None of the moulins reaches the glacier bed, their lower parts are usually located in clean transparent ice. The lifetime of the moulins usually does not exceed 6 years. Our study of the caves on the glacier tongue revealed that they can be englacial or subglacial, and they originate along sub-horizontal thrusts located in the ice. We assume that the moulins reach the slip planes along thrusts close to the glacier bed. The water from the moulins flows along these slip planes as a film in early summer and turns into channels in mid- or late summer. The presence of thrusts in the ice depths can explain the development of internal drainage systems in glaciers (regardless of their size), outbursts of glacial lakes, surges and the formation of eskers. Clastic material for eskers formation can penetrate into a cave channel from the contact areas of the thrusts with uplifts on the bed. The results obtained can help in the interpretation of the available geophysical data for this glacier.
Psychological impact of a country-wide lockdown. Role of personal, behavioral, social, and physical conditions on negative and positive affect and meaning in life
Authors: Suárez Ernesto , Rolo-González Gladys , Muinos Gabriel , Chinea-Montesdeoca Cristina , Duarte-Lores Isabel , Gil-Giménez Domingo
Published: September 2022

During the early outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020, a strict home lockdown was maintained in Spain for more than 50 days, disrupting social and economic activities. The aim of this study is to explore affective and well-being responses during the initial period of mandatory home lockdown. Specifically, we analyzed: 1) differences in risk perception according to sociodemographic and health profile; 2) relation between social and environmental characteristics of home isolation, positive and negative affect and meaning in life; and 3) the relationship between activities and behaviors performed by people under lockdown and well-being. A total of 1343 Spanish residents participated in this correlational and cross-sectional study. Results show a significant relationship between health and economic risk perception associated with confinement. Higher health risk perception was identified among the older population and those belonging to high-risk groups. High resilience was linked to lower negative affect and greater positive affect and meaning in life. Regarding social and environmental characteristics of home isolation, people living with others reported greater negative affect than people living alone and the daily frequency of use of open-air spaces was linked to positive affect. Higher positive affect and meaning in life were also reported in people who frequently participated in community activities or by helping others. Lower negative affect was only associated with physical exercise.
Winegrowing and Winemaking in Russia: The Late Nineteenth Century to October 1917
Authors: Häfner Lutz K.
Published: September 2022

The article focuses on winegrowing, winemaking and wine consumption in Russia before October 1917. At the turn of the century, there were two competing narratives on Russian viticulture: the first posited viticulture as prosperous with a radiant future; the second asserted a fundamental crisis in viticulture. This article explores the extent to which war and revolution helped undermine the foundations of viticulture and the wellbeing of winegrowers. It argues that, although war and revolution had deleterious effects on viticulture, structural deficits (such as a pronounced lack of financial capital, technical knowledge) as well as consumer preferences undercut the industry.
Коммеморации столичного университета (1819–1919)
Authors: Ростовцев (Evgenii Anatol’evich Ros Евгений Анатольевич
Published: September 2022

Абстракт

Статья рассматривает официальные коммеморации столичного университета – годичные акты – в контексте социальной истории и историографии Санкт- Петербургского университета. Раскрывается механизм влияния коммемора- тивных практик на формирование основных корпоративных и общественных представлений о ключевых этапах и событиях университетской истории. В тек- сте показано, как в рамках юбилейных нарративов происходило формирование официальной и либеральной/освободительной версий истории университета.
Sosyal Hizmetle İlgili Eğitim Alma Durumuna Göre Gençlerin Engelli Bireylere Yönelik Tutumları
Authors: ARISOY Azime
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı; sosyal hizmetle ilgili eğitim almış gençlerin engelli bireylere yönelik tutumlarının, sosyal hizmetle ilgili eğitim almayan gençlere göre olumlu yönde farklılık gösterip göstermediğini araştırmaktır. Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışmanın evreni; Burdur, Isparta ve Antalya İllerinde yaşamakta olan gençlerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma, 06.04.2022 -16.06.2022 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Örneklem ise; çevrimiçi olarak ankete katılan 385 gençlerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri anket formu aracılıyla toplanmıştır. Anket formunda; araştırmacılar tarafından düzenlenen sosyo-demografik bilgilerle ilgili sorularla birlikte Yelpaze ve Türküm (2018) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanıp güvenirlik ve geçerlik bakımından değerlendirilmiş olan Engellilere Yönelik Çok Boyutlu Tutum Ölçeği (EYÇBTÖ) kullanılmıştır. Ölçek, 3 boyuttan oluşmaktadır: Duygu boyutu, düşünce boyutu ve davranış boyutu. Araştırma için toplanan verilerin analizinde SPSS 25.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; düşünce ve davranış boyutlarında olumlu tutum düzeylerinin sosyal hizmetle ilgili eğitim almış katılımcılarda eğitim almamış olan katılımcılardan daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Ancak duygu boyutunda farklılık olmadığı saptanmıştır.
Causal models, creativity, & diversity. Video.
Authors: Baciu Dan Costa
Published: September 2022

are the subtitles and film stills from the video Causal Models, Creativity, & Diversity, by Dan C. Baciu, accessible here: https://bit.ly/causal-models
Differential expression of STOM in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of STOM, encoding stomatin, in the primary motor neurons of patients with ALS. STOM was also differentially expressed in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. STOM transcript was present at higher levels in ALS patient motor neurons as compared to control motor neurons. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Differential expression of CCR1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of CCR1, encoding C-C motif chemokine receptor 1, in the motor neurons of patients with ALS. CCR1 was also differentially expressed in the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons of patients with ALS. CCR1 transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS patient motor neurons as compared to control motor neurons. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Tungsten Supported Plasmonic Nanoscale Absorber for Solar Thermal Photovoltaics Applications
Authors: Rana Bilal Minhas , Khan Akmal Waheed , Batool Zahra , Fatima Aiman , Ambreen Amina
Published: September 2022

Current and modern photovoltaics energy systems require miniaturized, ultrathin, compact and high efficiency absorbing and optical devices. So, by keeping these challenges in mind and inspired by the artificially engineered materials, called metamaterials, a high bandwidth optical nanostructured based absorbing device is presented in this report. The design geometry of the proposed nano-absorber comprises an array of nano-circular antennas, etched on a dielectric spacer, aluminium nitride (AlN) which is coated by a thick reflecting layer of silver from the backside. Surprisingly, the design absorber offers high absorption value of above 90% across the large operational wavelengths starting from 400 to 1500 nm. The constituting nano-antennas induces plasmonic resonance features, which enables the localized surface plasmon and results in an enhanced absorption. The nanoscale absorber is also investigated under the excitation of polarization and oblique incident angles of the incoming optical light. Finally, the plasmonic metal, tungsten (W) offers high melting point so that it can sustain under the high-energy photon particles. As compared to previous published work related to plasmonic absorbers, this work provide ultra-compact geometry, easily manufactured design, super bandwidth and polarization insensitivity. So, this can be used for the applications of thermophotovoltaics and energy harvesting etc.
Differential expression of RAP2A in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines sporadic ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of the RAP2A RAS oncogene family member in primary motor neurons of patients with ALS. RAP2A was also differentially expressed in fibroblasts isolated from patients with ALS. RAP2A transcript was present at significantly lower levels in ALS patient fibroblasts as compared to control, non-diseased fibroblasts. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
All aboard! Earth system investigations with the CH2O-CHOO TRAIN v1.0
Authors: Kukla Tyler , Ibarra Daniel , Lau Kimberly , Rugenstein Jeremy
Published: September 2022

Models of the carbon cycle and climate on geologic (>10^4 year) timescales have improved tremendously in the last 50 years due to parallel advances in our understanding of the Earth system and the increase in computing power to simulate its key processes. Despite these advances, balancing the Earth System's vast complexity with a model's computational expense is a primary challenge in model development. Running longer simulations spanning hundreds of thousands of years or more generally requires reducing the complexity of the modeled climate system. However, simpler model frameworks often leave out certain features of the climate system, such as radiative feedbacks, shifts in atmospheric circulation, and the expansion and decay of ice sheets, which can have profound effects on the long-term carbon cycle. Here, we present a model for climate and the long-term carbon cycle that captures many fundamental features of global climate while retaining the computational efficiency needed to simulate millions of years of time. The Carbon-H2O Coupled HydrOlOgical model with Terrestrial Runoff And INsolation, or CH2O-CHOO TRAIN, couples a one-dimensional (latitudinal) moist static energy balance model of climate with a model for rock weathering and the long-term carbon cycle. The key advantages of this framework are (1) it simulates fundamental climate forcings and feedbacks; (2) it accounts for geographic configuration; and (3) it is highly customizable, equipped to easily add features, change the strength of feedbacks, and prescribe conditions that are often hard-coded or emergent properties of more complex models, such as climate sensitivity and the strength of meridional heat transport. The CH2O-CHOO TRAIN is capable of running million-year-long simulations in about thirty minutes on a laptop PC. This paper outlines the model equations, presents a sensitivity analysis of the climate responses to varied climatic and carbon cycle perturbations, and discusses potential applications and next stops for the CH2O-CHOO TRAIN.
CloudSEN12 - a global dataset for semantic understanding of cloud and cloud shadow in Sentinel-2
Authors: Aybar Cesar , Ysuhuaylas Luis , Loja Jhomira , Gonzales Karen , Herrera Fernando , Yali Roy , Flores Angie , Diaz Lissette , Cuenca Nicole , Espinoza Wendy , Prudencio Fernando , Llactayo Valeria , Montero Loaiza David , Sudmanns Martin , Tiede Dirk , Mateo-García Gonzalo , Gómez-Chova Luis
Published: September 2022

Accurately characterizing clouds and their shadows is a long-standing problem in the Earth Observation community. Recent works showcase the necessity to improve cloud detection methods for imagery acquired by the Sentinel-2 satellites. However, the lack of consensus and transparency in existing reference datasets hampers the benchmarking of current cloud detection methods. Exploiting the analysis-ready data offered by the Copernicus program, we created CloudSEN12, a new multi-temporal global dataset to foster research in cloud and cloud shadow detection. CloudSEN12 has 49,400 image patches, including (1) Sentinel-2 level-1C and level-2A multi-spectral data, (2) Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar data, (3) auxiliary remote sensing products, (4) different hand-crafted annotations to label the presence of thick and thin clouds and cloud shadows, and (5) the results from eight state-of-the-art cloud detection algorithms. At present, CloudSEN12 exceeds all previous efforts in terms of annotation richness, scene variability, geographic distribution, metadata complexity, quality control, and number of samples. The dataset is made publicly available at https://cloudsen12.github.io/.
Intra-channel detachment in a collisional orogen: the Jhala Normal Fault in the Bhagirathi river section, Garhwal Higher Himalaya, India
Authors: Bose Narayan , Imayama Takeshi , Kawabata Ryoichi , Gupta Saibal , Yi Keewook
Published: September 2022

In the Bhagirathi River Transect of the Garhwal Himalaya, India, the existence of the Jhala Normal Fault (JNF) and its movement sense are disputed. The JNF has been considered either as part of the South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS) or as a distinct, more southerly discontinuity within the Higher Himalayan Crystalline Sequence (HHCS). Field studies reveal that the JNF lies entirely within the HHCS, with both the JNF footwall and hanging-wall preserving thrust-related shear markers within amphibolite facies HHCS rocks. Rare extensional shear markers are, however, observed at the base of the JNF hanging-wall. New U-Pb zircon rim and monazite SHRIMP ages of 33.8 ± 0.8 Ma and 30.7 ± 0.5 Ma obtained in this study represent the timing of metamorphism in the JNF hanging-wall and footwall, respectively. Together, the field and geochronological evidence suggest that during Eocene-Oligocene channel flow in the HHCS, the slow-moving marginal part of the channel representing the JNF hanging-wall was trailing its more rapidly extruding footwall, resulting in apparent normal-sense movement across the JNF. The intrusion of 21.4 ± 2.3 Ma (monazite U-Pb age) tourmaline-bearing leucogranites within the JNF hanging-wall testifies to its ongoing uplift as part of the exhuming Miocene HHCS channel. The absence of any metamorphic break or distinct extensional shear zone at the JNF indicates that it originated as an intra-channel discontinuity rather than a major lithotectonic boundary.
The impact of mnemonic strategies on name recall
Authors: Gopi Yashoda , Wilding Ed , Madan Christopher R
Published: September 2022

Recalling names is a difficult task in everyday life and names are often forgotten. The face-name mnemonic strategy proposes to improve name recall by assigning semantic information to face-name pairs through imagery. The technique involves three steps: transforming the name into an imageable object, selecting a prominent facial feature, and imagining the name transformation interacting with the prominent facial feature. Name recall involves mentally retracing these steps. Previous research has shown positive outcomes with this strategy, but there is limited exploration of strategy components and potential strategy use in real life. Here, we examined the effectiveness of three mnemonic strategies on name recall and explored strategy adherence and potential use in real life with questionnaires. Across two experiments, we found that a modified version of the mnemonic resulted in significantly higher name recall when participants complied with strategy instructions compared to when participants were instructed to recall to the best of their ability. Questionnaire responses showed that uninstructed participants used repetition, focused on distinct facial features, or related the individual in the photo to familiar people to recall names. We propose that the name-transformation mnemonic strategy can be applied to forenames when learning names to improve recall.
The Envious Consumer (2022, preprint) - from The Moral Psychology of Envy
Authors: van de Ven Niels
Published: September 2022

“All you need is envy.” This is how Young and Rubicam, a global marketing agency, opens their 2006 report on how brands can position themselves to sell more products. The advertising agency argues that envious desire can motivate consumers to buy, and provides advice on how brands can harness the power of envy to increase sales. A thought-provoking claim, as the typical view of envy throughout history has been far more negative (see Smith and Kim 2007 for an overview). Young and Rubicam knew that many people hold a negative view on envy, as they also added a section on whether their envy-building strategy is evil. So, why would a brand want to trigger envy, if envy has long been condemned as something evil?In this chapter, I provide an answer to this question, by focusing on the emerging research in psychology and marketing on how envy drives consumers. I describe the functional view of envy that argues that it, like any emotion, serves an important function to people: envy helps protect our relative position (status) in a group (see Van de Ven 2015; Lange, Weidman, and Crusius 2018). The functional approach makes a distinction in a benign and malicious subtype of envy. The malicious type of envy is the one people traditionally think of: a destructive, begrudging feeling that the other should lose the advantage that triggered the envy. For consumers, it leads to negative perceptions and communication about the person and the brand owned by the envied person. Benign envy is still a negative and frustrating feeling to experience, but the goals and motivations are aimed at acquiring whatever the envied person has. In this sense, the envious desire motivates people to achieve more themselves.After providing the overview on the empirical research on envy in consumption from the psychology and marketing literature, I reflect on whether people also consume to be envied themselves. Finally, I describe how the empirical findings based on the functional account of envy might further the thinking on the role envy plays in response to inequality in society. For example, the different antecedents for benign and malicious envy might help gain a better understanding of not only consumer envy but also help to shed light on how people deal with inequality.
Distinguishing the Dimensions of the original Dysfunctional Attitude Scale in an Archival Clinical Sample
Authors: Brown Gary P. , Delgadillo Jaime , Golino Hudson
Published: September 2022

The Dysfunctional Attitude Scale measures depression related enduring beliefs and is one of the central measures of cognitive behavioral (CBT) research and theory. It has been the central marker of etiological claims of CBT, and so any change to the understanding of the composition of the DAS would have potentially far-reaching implications for a large body of literature. We sought to capitalize on advances in psychometric techniques since the original 100-item DAS was last analyzed in a sufficiently large clinical sample to provide a definitive measurement model of this important instrument. Beyond the two dimensions usually found on the shorter forms of the scale, we identified the following subscales: Imperatives, Cognitive Flexibility, and Negative Expectancy. This richer and more precise DAS structure renews its potential to meet the challenge of predicting who is prone to develop depression or experience a recurrence.
Sign language experience has little effect on face and biomotion perception in bimodal bilinguals
Authors: Lammert Jessica Michael , Levine Alexandra Toba , Koshkebaghi Dursa , Butler Blake Edward
Published: September 2022

Long term sensory and language experience can affect brain organization and domain-general abilities. For example, D/deaf individuals show superior visual perception compared to hearing controls in several domains, including the perception of faces and peripheral motion. While these enhancements may be the direct result of sensory loss and subsequent neural plasticity, they may also reflect experience using a visual-manual language, like American Sign Language (ASL), where signers must process moving hand signs and facial cues simultaneously. In an effort to help disentangle these concurrent sensory experiences, we examined how learning sign language influenced visual abilities by comparing bimodal bilinguals (i.e., sign language users with typical hearing) and hearing non-signers. Bimodal bilinguals and hearing non-signers completed online psychophysical measures of face matching and biological motion discrimination. No significant group differences were observed across these two tasks, suggesting that sign language experience is insufficient to induce perceptual advantages in typical-hearing adults. However, ASL proficiency (but not years of experience or age of acquisition) was found to predict performance on the motion perception task among bimodal bilinguals. Overall, the results presented here highlight a need for more nuanced study of how linguistic environments, sensory experience, and cognitive functions impact broad perceptual processes and underlying neural correlates.
Orthographic and lexical effects in Neglect Dyslexia: evidence from prefixation
Authors: Franzoia Bianca , Bencini Giulia M. L. , Laratta Stefania , Franzon Francesca , Tonin Paolo , Toraldo Alessio , Semenza Carlo
Published: September 2022

The present study exploited Left Neglect Dyslexia (ND) to investigate how prefixation is attended to in the process of reading. ND is an acquired reading disorder that impairs the apperception of the left side of words and sentences. Importantly, both orthographic and lexical factors have been shown to modulate the exploration of written material in this syndrome. Two main issues were addressed: whether the orthographic morphological structure of prefixed words influences attention in ND; whether, and how, higher level lexical information modulates these effects. A patient with ND was asked to read prefixed and pseudo-prefixed stimuli. The patterns of errors showed that ND is sensitive to the morphological structure of stimuli: the vast majority of left errors specifically affected prefixes, an effect that could not be explained by generic neglect of the leftmost portions of the words. Additionally, errors distributed unequally depending on higher level lexical factors like semantic transparency and stem boundedness. These results are consistent with dual-route models of morphological representation and processing.
Kamera ab! Der Einfluss der Beobachtungssituation auf das Rezeptionserleben
Authors: Burtzlaff Julia , Schneider Frank M. , Bacherle Patrick
Published: September 2022

In drei experimentellen Studien wurde untersucht, inwiefern Instrumente, die im Rahmen nicht-teilnehmender Beobachtungen eingesetzt werden, das Rezeptionserleben beeinträchtigen. Ausgangspunkt ist die Theorie der objektiven Selbstaufmerksamkeit nach Duval und Wicklund (1972) und die damit verbundene Annahme, dass Beobachtungsinstrumente wie Kameras oder venezianische Spiegel die objektive Selbstaufmerksamkeit erhöhen. Da hierbei der Aufmerksamkeitsfokus auf das Selbst verschoben wird und somit Ressourcen bindet, sollte dies wiederum zu einer Beeinträchtigung des Rezeptionserlebens führen. In Studie 1 (N1 = 144) konnte jedoch kein signifikanter Einfluss von Kameras auf Konstrukte des Rezeptionserlebens wie Transportation, Bewertung des Films oder affektive Zustände gefunden werden. In Studie 2 (N2 = 105) hatte der Spiegel, nicht aber die Kamera, einen schwachen, negativen Einfluss, allerdings lediglich auf eine der vier Dimensionen des narrativen Engagements, den Aufmerksamkeitsfokus. In Studie 3 (N3 = 116) zeigte sich schließlich ein schwacher, negativer Effekt auf das narrative Engagement in der Spiegel-Bedingung, immer dann, wenn Personen mit ihrem Selbst zufrieden waren. Insgesamt zeigten sich also keine Beeinträchtigungen im Hinblick auf den Einsatz von Kameras und nur schwache bzw. moderierte Effekte im Hinblick auf Spiegel. Die Bedeutung der Ergebnisse und Limitationen der Studien werden im Kontext praktischer und theoretischer Überlegungen diskutiert.
Representation and Accountability - Developments in European Politics
Authors: Schulte-Cloos Julia
Published: September 2022

In recent decades, the model of representative democracy has come under substantial pressure. Long-term processes of social change related to cultural liberalism and globalization have transformed the policy concerns of the electorate. While mainstream parties mainly emphasize issues related to the economic dimension of political conflict, new challenger parties tend to run on political platforms that emphasize issues related to the policy challenges arising from an increasingly globalized world and interconnected European Union. In doing so, some of the challenger parties also adopt a decisively anti-system or populist strategy of appealing to voters. I examine how European political representation and accountability have been affected by the changes that European party systems have witnessed over the last decades. I shed light on the drivers of these changes and the resulting implications for the representation of citizens' political preferences.
EUROPE AND LATIN AMERICA : AMBIGUOUS PAST, TROUBLED PRESENT, UNCERTAIN FUTURE
Authors: Yakovlev Petr
Published: September 2022

Statesmen, representatives of public and business circles of European and Latin American countries, interested in a real rapprochement between the two macro-regions in the direction of forming a space of close trade, economic, political and humanitarian cooperation, are intensely peering into the contradictory present and unknown future, trying to understand the reasons for the stalling of the Euro-Latin American project, which was relatively promising some time ago. In the relations between Europe (primarily the European Union) and Latin America, the idea of a “common future“ lived for several decades. But so far, the partners, despite their best efforts, have not been able to draw clear contours of it, and on a number of key issues serious differences have emerged that make it difficult to make agreed (satisfying both sides) decisions. On the eve of the third decade of the XXI century, it seemed that there was a chance to make another attempt to intensify and fill with concrete content the Euro-Latin American interaction, but the negative effects of the coronacrisis, and then the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, mixed all political and economic cards, weakened the already established ties, accentuated differences, and set new tasks of an existential scale for Latin America and a united Europe.
EUROPEAN UNION AND LATIN AMERICA : THE MAIN FORMS AND TRENDS OF INTERREGIONAL COOPERATION
Authors: Tayar Violetta
Published: September 2022

The article observes the evolution of bi-regional cooperation between the EU and Latin-Caribbean America (LCA). The author pays special attention to the obstacles that impede the interregional interaction in recent years. Some other difficulties and prospects in concluding new bi-regional agreements, including «EU-MERCOSUR» Treaty are analyzed. Also, the dynamics of economic cooperation during the first two decades of the 21 st century are traced. The article focuses on the specific characters of mutual foreign trade during the pandemic period. At the same time the author explores the promising forms of interregional «EU-LCA» interaction in the near future. The article shows that during the pandemic a wide range of interregional communication remained within the framework of common economic interests, among them the cooperation in the healthcare, in solving climate problems, investing in renewable energy sources, in protection of the multilateral trade system and searching synergies between the trade policy and the global Agenda 2030. The inclusion of challenges of sustainable development is the important task for partnership agreements with Mexico, Chile, and MERCOSUR - EU format. The European Union remains its status of a leading investor and the donor in the framework of official development assistance (ODA) programs for LCA countries. The author concludes that the post-pandemic period will be characterized by the certain adjustments in the global economic relations in a short-term perspective, especially in the recovery process from a sharp decline in the macroeconomic indicators on both sides of the Atlantic. Under the new conditions, the fragmentation of regional integration may intensify in the foreseeable future, and the role of the state in national economies may increase. At the same time, in the European and Latin American directions there may be an expansion of humanitarian ties between countries.
Burnout em Enfermeiros e Assistentes Operacionais num Hospital central em tempo de Pandemia COVID19
Authors: Fernandes Clarinda , Queirós Paulo
Published: September 2022

Abstract Introduction The Covid-19 pandemic brought new challenges to healthcare workers, promoting fatigue and professional exhaustion, leading frequently to burnout. Objectives Assess the levels of Burnout among nurses and nursing assistants of a tertiary hospital; compare the levels of burnout between these two groups and identify the influence of sociodemographic and professional factors in the studied groups. Methods Quantitative, transversal, descriptive and correlational study. Data was collected through a questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed. Results During the pandemic, nurses and nursing assistants presented high levels of personal, work-related and client-related Burnout, mainly due to professional, contextual and personal factors. Conclusion High levels of Burnout were found in nurses and nursing assistants. Institutions should monitor and control burnout levels regularly. Protocols and instruments must be developed to ensure healthcare professionals maintain good levels of mental health. Keywords: Burnout; Pandemic; Nurses; Operational Assistants, Occupational Health.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN KOMPUTER DAN SIKAP INOVATIF GURU TERHADAP EFEKTIFITAS KERJA GURU SMPN KECAMATAN LANGGAM KABUPATEN PELALAWAN
Authors: Suhailis Suhailis , Isjoni Isjoni , Suanto Elfis
Published: September 2022

This study aims to (1) determine the effect of computer knowledge on the effectiveness of teachers' work, (2) innovative attitudes affect the effectiveness of teachers' work, (3) computer knowledge and innovative attitudes jointly affect the effectiveness of teachers' work. Research respondents were teachers of SMPN Langgam Subdistrict, Pelalawan Regency, totaling 100 people with a sample of 89. The data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The instrument reliability coefficient was calculated using the Cronbach alpha formula. The results showed that there was a positive and significant effect of computer knowledge on teacher work effectiveness of 0.558, and there was a positive and significant influence of innovative attitudes on teacher work effectiveness of 0.525. Meanwhile, together there is the effect of computer knowledge and work motivation on the effectiveness of the teacher's work of 0.677.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI DALAM KURIKULUM MERDEKA PADA MATERI TATA SURYA DI KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Fitra Devi Kurnia
Published: September 2022

The implementaton of differentiated learning in the Independent Curriculum on the Solar System material in class VII SMP Negeri 1 Tembilahan is a Classroom Action Research conducted in two cycles to improve learning and student activity. Starting with a diagnostic assessment, the teacher can carry out learning according to the learning needs of students. From the results obtained a significant increase in student learning outcomes from the pre-cycle, cycle I and cycle II. Thus, differentiated learning is one of the definite learning approaches to the independent curicculum.
KONTRIBUSI MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI DAN SISTEM PENGHARGAAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA GURU SDN KECAMATAN LANGGAM KABUPATEN PELALAWAN
Authors: Zulfahmi Zulfahmi , Isjoni Isjoni , Azhar Azhar
Published: September 2022

This research aims to (1) know pedagogical competencies affect teacher performance, (2) work motivation affects teacher performance, (3) pedagogical competence and work motivation affects jointly on teacher performance. The study respondents were teachers of The State Elementary School in Langgam District of Pelalawan Regency which amounted to 269 people with a sample of 161. Data collection is carried out through the dissemination of questionnaires. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis, inferential statistical analysis. The coefficient of reliability of the instrument is calculated using the alpha cronbach formula. The results showed a positive and significant influence of pedagogical competence on teacher performance of 0.524, and there was a positive and significant influence of work motivation on teacher performance of 0.638. While together there is the influence of pedagogical competence and work motivation on teacher performance by 0.730.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SD NEGERI DI KECAMATAN LANGGAM KABUPATEN PELALAWAN
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Isjoni Isjoni , Burhanuddin Dudung
Published: September 2022

This research aims to (1) know pedagogical competencies affect teacher performance, (2) work motivation affects teacher performance, (3) pedagogical competence and work motivation affects jointly on teacher performance. The study respondents were teachers of The State Elementary School in Langgam District of Pelalawan Regency which amounted to 269 people with a sample of 161. Data collection is carried out through the dissemination of questionnaires. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis, inferential statistical analysis. The coefficient of reliability of the instrument is calculated using the alpha cronbach formula. The results showed a positive and significant influence of pedagogical competence on teacher performance of 0.524, and there was a positive and significant influence of work motivation on teacher performance of 0.638. While together there is the influence of pedagogical competence and work motivation on teacher performance by 0.730.
PENGARUH SUPERVISI KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SD SE-KECAMATAN PANGKALAN KERINCI KABUPATEN PELALAWAN
Authors: Romawi Tri , Isjoni Isjoni , Daud Afrianto
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of principal supervision and pedagogical competence of teachers on the performance of elementary school teachers in Pangkalan kerinci sub-district of pelalawan district.  The population in this study was all teachers of SD Se, Pangkalan Kerinci District, Pelalawan Regency, totaling 180 respondents, and the research sample was 30 respondents. The data analysis used is correlation analysis, correlation coefficient, and coefficient of determination. The results of this study show that there is a positive influence between the principal's supervision (X1) on Teacher Performance (Y) and the Determinant Coefficient = (0.774)2 x100 = 60%. There is also a positive influence between Paedagogic Competence (X2) and Teacher Performance (Y) with Determinant Coefficient = (0.742 )2 x100 = 5.50%. While the Influence of Principal Supervision (X1) and Paedagogic Competence (X2) on Teacher Performance (Y) has a determination coefficient of r2y1.2 = (0.839)2 x100 = 70.4 %. Conclusions from the variables of Principal Supervision and Paedagogic Competence with variables of elementary teacher performance in Pangkalan Kerinci District, Pelalawan Regency has a positive direction.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of some benzothiazole-2-thiol derivatives as potent quorum sensing inhibitors
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Phenikaa University, Truong Thanh Tung ,   Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study, Phenikaa University
Published: September 2022

QS is a well-known mechanism of bacteria cell-to-cell communication. By inhibiting the quorum sensing pathway, compounds can prevent the aggressive activity of bacteria, including virulence production, biofilm formation, and other pathogenesis. Herein, the authors reported the synthesis and biological evaluation of several benzothiazole-2-thiols toward quorum sensing activities. As a result, five compounds are successfully synthesised using microwave methodology in good yields. In terms of bioactivity, compounds 2, 5 showed moderated quorum sensing inhibitory activity with IC50 of 212.03±2.17 and 198.11±3.48 μg/ml, respectively, in comparison to that of reference compound 4NPO. This research provides a novel template for future drug discovery and development.
Employment Probability of Visible Minority Immigrants in Canada by Generational Status, Circa 2016
Authors: Akbari Ather H. , Debbarman Shantanu
Published: September 2022

Using 2016 Census data, we compare the odds of employment (full time or self-employment) for visible minority immigrants in Canada with those of non–visible minority immigrants. Intergenerational comparisons of employment outcomes are made because one would expect second- and third-generation immigrants to be less prone to labour market barriers than first-generation immigrants. Estimates based on a logistic regression of employment probability reveal lower employment odds for four out of 10 identified visible minority immigrant groups in comparison with non–visible minority immigrants for all three generations. For first- and second-generation immigrants, the results were mixed, but third-generation immigrants faced significantly lower employment probabilities in all groups of visible minorities with the exception of Chinese and Japanese. A lack of proficiency in official languages (English or French) lowers the employment probability for all groups. It is estimated that post-secondary education (PSE) acquired outside of Canada has a weaker positive association with employment than PSE acquired within Canada. Pre- and post-immigration labour market experience have a weak association with employment.
Characterization of Nanocrystalline Thermally Sprayed Coatings by Means of 4-Point-Bending Fatigue Tests
Authors: Hahn M. , Fischer A.
Published: September 2022

The future demands of diesel engines require new options for low-friction and wear-resistant materials in order to increase efficiency and achieve environmentally sound solutions. Efforts are made to improve the performance and reduce the weight of engine blocks by coating the Aluminium cylinder bores with thermal-spray processes. Thus beside other means today nanocrystalline coatings are currently discussed, which should allow for the desired combination of structural, productional, and topographical properties. Beside sufficient tribological properties it is important that the composite (base material and coating) allows for an elongated endurance under cyclic mechanical and thermal stresses. In this work a four-point-bending test was used to examine deleterious failure mechanisms during fatigue such as spalling of the coating or delamination from the substrate. Therefore various thermally sprayed coatings were bent in tension and compression. The results were analysed in relation to the coating microstructure.
Cavitation Erosion for WC Cermet Coating Prepared by HVOF
Authors: Mizuno H. , Aoki I. , Tawada S. , Ibe H. , Sato K. , Kitamura J.
Published: September 2022

Cavitation erosion is one of the serious problems that affect lifetime and performance on hydraulic machineries and its components. Surface modification techniques is required to apply to hydraulic components, such as water turbine and radial flow pump, in general. Here, the techniques, which can easily be applied to large area, is must be required for actual applications in the fields. Thus, thermal sprayed WC cermet coatings with high abrasion resistance under wet conditions are one of the promising solutions as the protective coatings against cavitation erosion. In this study, WC/Cr3C2/Ni and WC/Co/Cr coatings prepared using a high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying have been evaluated by a magneto-striction vibratory apparatus to investigate the cavitation erosion resistance. The microstructures of the sprayed coatings after the cavitation erosion test have been analyzed by SEM to clarify the erosion mechanism. It has been found that the cavitation erosion resistance of the WC cermet coatings is significantly affected by primary particle size of WC, powder compositions and spray conditions. In the WC/10wt%Co/4wt%Cr, the coating with WC average particle size of 6.3 µm sprayed by optimized spray conditions achieved the highest cavitation erosion resistance than the other WC coatings as well as base materials of stainless steel used in the actual components.
Development of a Sealing Technical Layer for SOFCs Applications
Authors: Caron N. , Bianchi L. , Méthout S.
Published: September 2022

Solid oxide fuel cell are being widely considered as the promising answer to the fossil energy decrease. To achieve high efficiency and longevity for SOFC stack it is essential to maintain stable hermetic sealing. In order to obtain an efficient airtightness between two SOFC layers, the authors had developed a solid seal composed with a ceramic matrix charged with glass particles. The seal is plasma-sprayed using low-cost manufacturing methods such as atmospheric plasma spraying. This technical deposit can be plasma-sprayed on a wide range of substrates: whatever its nature and shape. It is solid, distortable and adhesive to its support at ambient temperature. The sealing properties are acquired when the SOFC is put into service: the glassy phase migrates into the peculiar plasma-sprayed microstructure of the ceramic matrix towards the interface involving the airtightness. The performance of this seal are pretty good: the leak rate observed at 70 mbar is 0.0042 mbar.l/s whereas the preconisation of the US Department of Energy is 0.005 mbar.l/s.
Effect of the Structural Scale of Plasma-Sprayed Alumina Coatings on their Friction Coefficients
Authors: Darut G. , Ageorges H. , Denoirjean A. , Montavon G. , Fauchais P.
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study is to compare the tribological properties of alumina coatings structured at two different scales, a micrometric one manufactured by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and a nanometric one manufactured by suspension plasma spraying (SPS). Coatings architectures were analyzed and their friction coefficient in dry sliding mode measured. Sub-micrometric-sized coatings present a lower friction coefficient compared to micrometric- sized one, thanks to their higher cohesion and smaller structural feature characteristic sizes.
CFD Optimised Nozzles for Increased Particle Velocities and Lowered Gas Consumption in the HVOF Spraying Process
Authors: Wielage B. , Paczkowski G. , Rupprecht C. , Landes K. , Schein J. , Zimmermann S. , Weissenfels G. , Menzen R.
Published: September 2022

Well-adjusted processing conditions are the basics for a high quality of thermal sprayed coatings. For HVOF spraying that means super sonic particle velocities and moderate particle temperatures. To fulfil these requirements, a certain speed of the gas jet is necessary. If low fuel and gas consumption is aspired, this can only be realised with adapted nozzle designs. Some efficient ways of nozzle design optimisation are shown in this paper. Novel methods and strategies in computed fluid dynamics are explained and correlated to experimental results. For this purpose, gas jet and particle velocities are investigated by means of laser optical measurements.
Plasma Sprayed Oxygen Electrode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and High Temperature Water Electrolyzers
Authors: Syed A.A. , Ilhan Z. , Schiller G.
Published: September 2022

Perovskite-type LSM and LSCF deposits were developed for oxygen electrode for solid oxide fuel cell and high temperature water electrolyzer by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) using different feedstock powders. The deposits were tailored to exhibit high oxygen catalytic activity, oxygen surface exchange and diffusion rates, gas permeability and electronic-ionic conductivity. Deposits did not exhibit undesired secondary phases that may form in plasma. Promoting partial melting of the surface of the particles ensured interlayer cohesion and very porous deposit. In SOFC mode cells with LSCF cathodes operating at 800 °C had more than 700 mW/cm² power densities at 0.7 V, which was 35% better than that of cells with LSM cathode. When operating in electrolyzer mode at 800 °C the cells with LSCF oxygen electrode also proved significantly enhanced electrochemical performance compared to cells with LSM oxygen electrode. At a current density of 1 A/cm2 the voltage for water splitting was reduced to around 1.4 V at an operating temperature of 800 °C and to 1.28 V at 850 °C.