bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the hydro-mechanical behaviour of volcanic ash slopes submitted to rainfall
Authors: Ferrari Alessio  , Laloui Lyesse  , Li Chao  , Eichenberger John
Published: February 2025

Rainfall-induced landslides in volcanic ashes represent a major natural hazard in many densely populated regions around the world. Volcanic ashes in steep slopes are most of the time in a partially saturated state. Capillary effects greatly influence the soil behaviour. During rain infiltration, volcanic ashes display strong volume changes and shear deformations associated with the development of the failure mechanism. Environmental fluctuations and the consequent wetting and drying cycles in the slope are rarely considered. This paper presents a hydro-mechanical analysis of the behaviour of a volcanic ash slope subjected to daily wetting and drying cycles. A transient finite element simulation is performed with a 2D slope model that is representative for a landslide-prone volcanic area in Costa Rica. The ash behaviour is reproduced by means of the bounding surface and multi-mechanism elasto-plastic model ACMEG-s for unsaturated soils; the model was previously calibrated on the basis of a laboratory testing programme designed to characterise the hydromechanical behaviour of the volcanic ash. The results of the finite element simulation demonstrate the important role of wetting and drying cycles, slope geometry and bedrock on the evolution of matric suctions, soil volume changes and shear deformations.
A case study on expansive clays on Comodoro Rivadavia city
Authors: Orlandi S.  , Manzanal D.  , Ruiz A.  , Avila M.  , Graf V.
Published: February 2025

The buildings in arid or desert areas with wet periods and potentially expansive soils require a foundation design of lightweight houses to identify possible additional charges due to the expansiveness of the soil, or should allow the volumetric change due to moisture content changes without affecting the foundations. Comodoro Rivadavia soils have a very high expansive potential as presented in Ruiz, Vargas & Manzanal (2012) and produce major problems in houses when appropriate measures are not taken. Constructive pathologies have legal consequences for professionals such as civil engineers and architects.This work presents the study of a two-floor family house that presented a constructive pathology due to expansive clays. The studies taken previous to the construction and design to foundational and construction aspects that failed are described in detail. Failure mechanisms that occurred in different areas of the house were analyzed too. The results of the study of soils involved are summarized and a series of recommendations to implement foundations in expansive soils is presented too. Constructive aspects of remediation adopted for the case study are also summarized.
Utilização de resíduo de beneficamento de rocha ornamental em adição a materiais utilizados em terraplenagem
Authors: Silva T.A.  , Costa C.C.B.  , Joaquim D.O.  , Dias N.C.N.  , Silva R.S.O.  , Gonçalves R.M.  , Pires P.J.M.
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação da adição de Resíduo de Beneficiamento de Rocha Ornamental (RBRO) a solo destinado a obras de terraplenagem, com a finalidade de obter melhoramento de suas propriedades físico-mecânicas. O procedimento consistiu na realização de ensaios de compressão simples, absorção e permeabilidade de diversas misturas de solo-RBRO com adição dos seguintes materiais: cal Hidratada tipo CHIII, Cimento Portland CPIII40 RS e brita 0 (diâmetro máximo igual a 6,35mm). Os ensaios foram realizados no Laboratório de Mecânica dos Solos da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo e apresentaram resultados que indicaram a Cal Hidratada como o agente químico estabilizador em combinação com o RBRO a 10% responsável pelos maiores valores de resistência a compressão simples. As misturas com agentes cimentantes estabilizadores, combinados ao RBRO, apresentaram valores aproximados de absorção de água para o solo ensaiado, cerca de 25%. Os menores valores de permeabilidade foram obtidos pelas misturas de solo-RBRO com adição de 10% de agentes cimentantes.
Centrifuge Modeling of Consolidation and Dynamic Loading of Fine-grained Mine Tailings
Authors: Antonaki Nonika  , Abdoun Tarek  , Sasanakul Inthuorn  , Sanin Maria V.  , Puebla Humberto
Published: February 2025

Most experimental research on mine tailings has consisted of small scale laboratory tests and very few attempts of physical centrifuge modeling tests have been made. Geotechnical centrifuge testing allows simulation of prototype scale stresses using small scale models. Tests were performed on tailings obtained from a planned copper-gold mine and one representative test is presented herein. The mine tailings are of low plasticity with approximately 60% fine-grained material. In the field, the tailings are thickened (dewatered) and hydraulically deposited into the containment structure in layers. The objectives were to evaluate the consolidation behavior and dynamic response of a tailings stack deposited at the pumping water content (59%). As part of the study, a method of model preparation and a settlement monitoring system have been developed in order to establish the settlement profile of the model. Tailings were prepared in layers and consolidated in the centrifuge, thus allowing instrumentation of each layer before consolidation of the complete impoundment. Pore water pressures were also measured during the consolidation process. Dynamic loading was subsequently applied using the Shaking Table at the Center for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (CEES) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI). Accelerations and lateral displacements per layer were additionally monitored in order to evaluate the liquefaction potential of the mine tailings.
Construcción de Dique en Talud en el Futuro Superpuerto de Açu, Brasil
Authors: Gómez Escoubès Ramiro  , Devincenzi Fabetti Marcelo J.  , Peña Fernández Santiago
Published: February 2025

Como parte de las obras del llamado Superpuerto de Açu, (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil), se han construído 2 rompeolas a ambos lados del futuro canal de navegación (que da entrada al astillero interior a construir). La tipología de los rompeolas o quebramares es mixta: dique en talud y cajones (dique vertical) para aguas someras y profundas (>12m de calado), respectivamente.
Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr and Ni Fractioning from a Soil Profile Collected in Old Deposit of Mining Waste – Ribeira Valley (Brazil)
Authors: Kasemodel Mariana Consiglio  , Rodrigues Valéria Guimarães Silvestre  , Lima Jacqueline Zanin  , Sígolo Joel Barbujiani
Published: February 2025

The improper disposal of mining waste contributes greatly to the contamination of potentially toxic metals in soils. Adrianópolis (PR), located in the southeastern of Brazil, is an example of this reality, where from 1991 to 1995 mining wastes were placed directly on soil. Currently, this residue was covered with thin layer of uncompressed soil, which in some portions of the old deposit this material remains exposed and susceptible to leaching. Five soil samples were collected at different depths, in the most central part of the old mining deposit (collection depths: 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-55 cm, 55-88 cm and 88-100 cm). These samples were disintegrated with agate mortar and subsequently homogenized. The samples were analyzed for metal concentration by Atomic Absorption (AA), and the sequential extraction method was applied to determine the mobility of metals according to their chemical form (fractionation). It was noted that the concentrations of metals, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were higher in samples closer to the surface. Cd was found in higher concentrations when bound to carbonates and oxides and hydroxides; and Cr, when connected to oxides and hydroxides and organic matter (OM). Cu was found in higher concentrations when connected with OM in the most superficial samples and with Fe-Mn oxides and hydroxides in the deeper samples. Ni was more associated with Fe-Mn oxides, and secondarily to carbonates. Pb and Zn presented the highest concentrations; on the surface sample was obtained 518 mg.kg−1of Pb and 2.528 mg.kg−1of Zn, both linked to carbonates, which is considered as a mobile phase. Except for Cr and Cd, the other metals associated with OM showed a decreasing concentration with depth of the profile. According to the current legislation (CETESB and CONAMA - Brazil), the Cd concentrations along the profile are higher than the quality and intervention levels. In the sample 0-20 cm, the concentrations of all metals except for Cr were superior to the level of intervention. The metals analyzed, especially Cd, Pb and Zn, present considerable concentrations linked to carbonate fraction, which infers in the mobility of the metal. Thus, greater monitoring in this area is necessary, as these metals may be leaching and bioavailable to the biota.
Permeability and Consolidation Parameters in Tailings Treated with Seawater
Authors: Campaña José  , Bard Edgar  , Carmi Carlos  , Valenzuela Luis
Published: February 2025

The major copper mines in Chile are located in the desert, where water resources are scarce. Therefore reuse as much water as possible from tailings dams is a very challenging task. In those facilities, water is lost by evaporation, infiltration, retention and rewet. From both an environmental and an economic perspective, the use of seawater either desalinated or not is an attractive alternative. This paper analyzed tailings consolidation to determine possible changes in saturated permeability, compressibility or pore pressure dissipation due to the salt content of seawater. For this purpose characterization, sedimentation, oedometric and saturated permeability tests were performed on tailings samples with different fines content, using both seawater and freshwater to establish a comparison.
Metodología de ensayo para la verificación del material autosellante en las juntas de tracción del Aprovechamiento Hidroeléctrico Punta Negra
Authors: Turcumán María  , Yazzar Sergio  , Vázquez Gustavo  , Olivares Ariana  , García Rocio  , Perez Maciel
Published: February 2025

El Proyecto del Aprovechamiento Hidroélectrico Punta Negra se ubica sobre el Río San Juan, aguas abajo de la Presa Los Caracoles en el kilómetro 35 de la Ruta Provincial No.12, en el límite entre los Departamentos de Ullum y Zonda, en las estribaciones del macizo precordillerano andino en la Provincia de San Juan. Las obras del Aprovechamiento Hidroeléctrico Punta Negra se encuentra en pleno proceso de construcción a cargo de la UTE conformada por las Empresas Techint Ingeniería & Construcción y Panedille Argentina. Es una presa de materiales sueltos (suelo granular grueso) con cara de hormigón (CFRD) de 118,40m de altura. La presa ha sido zonificada en base a estudios de los materiales existentes en la zona del proyecto. Entre los principales materiales proyectados en la zonificación está el material identificado como “Material 2” ubicado en el apoyo de la cara de hormigón, es un aluvión procesado de tamaño máximo de partículas de 3". La colocación del hormigón en capas da lugar a juntas de tracción que suelen ser un potencial plano de debilidad, por 10 que se necesita disminuir las filtraciones que pudieran presentarse por desperfectos en las juntas perimetrales y de tracción. En el presente trabajo se describe una metodología de ensayo y la construcción de un nuevo dispositivo, que no se encuentra normalizado y que ha sido desarrollado integramente en el Instituto de Materiales y Suelos. Este dispositivo consta de una cámara robusta metálica de 31,20cm de diámetro y 56,OOcm de altura donde se han realizado numerosos ensayos, para verificar el uso de un material autosellante del “Material 2”, definido como “Material 1” (limo no plástico). Se presentan resultados experimentales obtenidos con dicho método, correspondiente a los ensayos de permeabilidad de ambos materiales baj 0 distintas condiciones de ensayo y diferentes gradientes hidráulicos. La información obtenida pennitió avalar la confiabilidad del método y aportaron resultados experimentales satisfactorios que dieron lugar a la aplicación de esta metodología, en las juntas de la cara de honnigón en la Presa Punta Negra.
Obras geotécnicas en el Paseo La Galería, Asunción, Paraguay
Authors: Lopez Alfredo Alberto  , Codevilla Mauro  , Hernández Julio  , Rellán Gonzalo  , Arroyo Francisco Javier  , Calvente René Matías  , Sfriso Alejo Oscar
Published: February 2025

El proyecto Paseo La Galería es un mega emprendimiento de oficinas corporativas, retail, gastronomía y entretenimiento que constituye actualmente la mayor inversión civil en Asunción, República del Paraguay, con un monto estimado en USD130M. El proyecto se encuentra actualmente en construcción y su finalización está programada para el próximo año. En este artículo se describe la campaña de investigación geotécnica in situ y en laboratorio, diseño de las obras geotécnicas del proyecto y los ensayos de control de calidad de las fundaciones profundas.
Sustainability Assessment of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls
Authors: Lee Mina  , Basu Dipanjan
Published: February 2025

Geotechnical engineering practice interacts with the natural and built environments because of which the geotechnical engineering profession has the opportunity to significantly contribute to sustainable development. Sustainability assessment is an important part of sustainable design and construction; therefore, developing sustainability assessment tools is important in geotechnical engineering. In this paper, the use of a recently developed, multi-criteria based quantitative sustainability assessment framework is demonstrated by applying it to mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls. The framework is comprised of life cycle assessment (LCA), cost-benefit analysis, and multi-criteria analysis. The resource use and environmental impacts of MSE walls are identified and quantified by LCA. The cost-benefit analysis is performed to address the socio-economic benefits of the walls. Subsequently, the results of analysis are integrated by multi-criteria analysis to decide the most sustainable solution with concurrent consideration of all relevant criteria.
Comportamiento y Remediación de un deslizamiento Coluvial en el Ecuador
Authors: Vera-Grunauer Xavier  , Gonzalez Oscar  , Ramirez Jenny  , Ochoa Ignacio  , Cobos Diego  , Lojano Janet
Published: February 2025

A lo largo de la vía Cuenca-Molleturo, se han construido sin éxito, algunas medidas de estabilización en contra del gran deslizamiento que afecta la zona. En este artículo se evalúa una nueva medida de mitigación para el movimiento del depósito coluvial que sobreyace la roca ígnea basal. Esta alternativa consistió en un arreglo de micropilotes cercanamente espaciados y conectados en sus cabezas con vigas. Para el efecto, se planificó y ejecutó un extenso programa geotécnico, geológico y geofísico para estimar las propiedades mecánicas del coluvial inestable. En complemento, se ejecutaron ensayos triaxiales y ensayos de corte directo para caracterizar la matriz del depósito coluvial, variando las densidades relativas, contenidos de humedad y esfuerzos de confinamiento. Adicionalmente, se instalaron instrumentación de campo tales como; inclinómetros y piezómetros, monitoreados a lo largo de dos años. Estas mediciones fueron utilizadas en análisis de calibración de la falla en modelos de elemento finito en 2 y 3 dimensiones. Debido a la variabilidad del coluvial, se ejecutaron algunos análisis de sensibilidad para identificar las implicaciones más importantes en la caracterización de este tipo de materiales.
Predicción de la Reología de Flujos en la Cordillera Oriental Argentina
Authors: Gonzalez Maria Alejandra  , Solis Natalia
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se describen seis flujos ocurridos en las provincias de Jujuy y Salta. Se presentan sus características, incluyendo el análisis granulométrico de los detritos, la topografía involucrada y otros factores condicionantes de los flujos. El comportamiento reológico de estos procesos se analizó a partir de la granulometría. Se evaluaron el volumen total, la velocidad, el caudal máximo de descarga, el tamaño máximo de bloques transportados, y el área inundada. De acuerdo a las cifras obtenidas, las velocidades de los flujos están en un estrecho rango de 4 a 8 m/s, mientras que el volumen derramado tiene un amplísimo rango - 1,6x104a 3,4x106m3– que guarda relación con el relieve y tamaño de las cuencas. Los eventos estudiados pertenecen a la clase 4 que corresponden a flujos que pueden destruir pueblos y bloquear arroyos; y a la clase 5, que corresponden a aquellos que pueden destruir parte de ciudades, enterrar rutas y bloquear pequeños ríos.
Evaluation of Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs) for Chile Subduction Zone
Authors: Bastías Nicolás  , Montalva Gonzalo A.  , Leyton Felipe  , Saez Esteban  , Ruz Francisco  , Troncoso Pedro
Published: February 2025

In this study we present an evaluation of the performance of the latest ground motion prediction equations for Chilean subduction zone. Ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for earthquakes that occur in subduction zones are a key input to seismic hazard analyses and risk mitigation. In this study, we use recent large subduction events recorded in Chile, including Valparaiso (Mw 7.9), Maule (Mw 8.8), Iquique (Mw 8.1) and Southern Peru (Mw 8.4). We use shear-wave velocity profiles that were obtained for several stations through surface wave dispersion methods using active and passive sources, this represents a significant contribution to earthquake hazard mitigation in Chile, as this information is useful for a number of projects that tribute towards that end. All records were processed following state of the art procedures to obtain comparable signal to noise level and detrended records, the processing was performed component by component. Response spectra of the recorded ground motions were compared with those predicted by BCHydro [1], Ruiz & Saragoni [2], Atkinson & Boore [3][3], Boroscheck & Contreras [5] and, Zhao et al. [6] ground motion prediction models. Results show that at low frequencies BCHydro has the best predictive capacity, while Zhao et al. is the best performing GMPE for high frequencies. Most of the tested GMPEs underestimate spectral accelerations.
Geomorphological and geotechnical analysis of landslides induced by the Maule earthquake 2010 in the Arauco Peninsula, Chile
Authors: Moya Sebastian  , Sepúlveda Sergio A.  , Serey Alejandra  , Montalva Gonzalo  , Yugsi Freddy  , Oróstegui Paulo  , García Manuel  , Quiroz José  , Pastén César
Published: February 2025

Landslides caused by earthquakes have been extensively studied in different parts of the world, in different geodynamic settings. In our case, the February 27, 2010, an Mw 8.8 megathrust earthquake severely hits the coasts of south-central Chile, with a rupture zone of more than 450 km. long producing landslides along the coastal range and coastal plains between the cities of Valparaiso and Valdivia. The area most affected by landslides was the Arauco Peninsula. An inventory of the events based on satellite images and field work was performed. 126 landslides were inventoried/detected, including rock slides, soil slides, rockfalls and rock avalanches. The landslides are concentrated near the towns of Punta Lavapie and Tubul in soft sedimentary units, with mainly sandstones and limestones, suggesting a lithologic control. In the field campaigns two major rock slides were selected to perform a reconstruction of the slopes and stability analysis to determine which factors led to failure. Ongoing laboratory tests and topographic models from photogrammetry and laser scanning techniques are carried out in order to obtain geotechnical and geometrical parameters for numerical modelling.
Estudio de la Respuesta Sísmica del Área Urbana de la Ciudad de Mendoza y Alrededores
Authors: Barchiesi Arnaldo M.  , Mancipe H. Camilo A.  , Mingorance Francisco  , Corazza Juan I.  , D'Onofrio Anna  , Silvestri Francesco  , Esposito Diego  , Penna Augusto  , Evangelista Lorenza  , Mucciarelli Marco
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo resume la amplia actividad experimental y de cálculo, desarrollada para evaluar la respuesta sísmica local en la Ciudad de Mendoza y sus alrededores incluyendo metodologías innovativas. El principal aporte consiste en sintetizar los resultados obtenidos con el objetivo final de actualizar la Microzonificación Sísmica de Mendoza, a partir de la existente (no vigente) realizada por INPRES en 1989. El área urbana bajo estudio está ubicada en la región centro occidental argentina, se desarrolla en una cuenca aluvial cuaternaria de varios centenares de metros de espesor y presenta actividad sísmica tanto de subducción como cortical con terremotos históricos cercanos muy fuertes y destructivos. Como parte del trabajo, se integró información estratigráfica, litológica y geofísica preexistente con información recientemente obtenida a partir de investigaciones cuidadosamente planificadas y seleccionadas a fin de establecer los aspectos más críticos de cada sitio, dando lugar a modelos geotécnicos apropiadamente representativos. Las investigaciones de campaña incluyeron sondeos y pozos excavados manualmente así como distintos métodos geosísmicos. Se destaca la ejecución de ensayos de laboratorio de columna resonante y de corte torsional. Se establecieron acelerogramas compatibles con el peligro sísmico del área teniendo en cuenta las condiciones de campo cercano y se aplicaron como solicitaciones (input) en los modelos geotécnicos de respuesta unidimensional. Los resultados se resumen en términos de espectros y distribuciones espaciales de amplificaciones de las aceleraciones sísmicas extremas e intensidad de Housner computadas en el rango de 0,1 a 0,7seg, representativas de la mayor parte de las estructuras edilicias de la ciudad de Mendoza.
Evaluación de aluviones en busca arenas licuables en el cauce de un rio a partir de tomografías sísmicas y geología de superficie
Authors: Mazuelos Oscar  , Rodríguez Alfredo
Published: February 2025

Las empresas Geoar S.R.L. y Geom, a pedido de la empresa constructora Techint, realizaron estudios geosísmicos y geológicos de superficie en el cauce de la quebrada del Río San Juan, en la localidad de Punta Negra (Departamento Ullúm provincia de San Juan), donde se estudiaba la fundación de la presa de Embalse Punta Negra.
The Seismic Failure of the Port of Iquique's Wharf: Field Study and Main Observations
Authors: Sáez Esteban  , Rollins Kyle  , Franke Kevin  , Becerra Alix  , Ledezma Christian
Published: February 2025

The seismic failure of an old wharf located in the Port of Iquique during the Mw 8.2 April 1, 2014 Pisagua earthquake is studied. A geotechnical exploration including CPT soundings, as well as the use of some surface-based geophysical techniques was performed to characterize the materials forming the wharf. The data and field observations are then analyzed to conclude with the most likely failure mechanism. The results suggest that the failure can be explained by a combined effect of liquefaction-triggered lateral spreading and the base rotation of the slender part of the confining wall.
Cloud-Based Alert System for Aggressive Natural Disasters
Authors: Losier Louis-Martin  , Grael Felipe Fink  , Desgagné Etienne  , Hochleitner Fábio  , Fernandes Moraes Laura de Oliveira
Published: February 2025

In 2010, region of Angra dos Reis, a municipality of Brazil, was severely affected by landslides that killed nearly 50 people. Through a technical cooperation agreement between Geovoxel and Civil Defense, the first stage of a case study was recently completed in Angra dos Reis and has demonstrated the potential of an early warning cloud-based system for aggressive natural disaster. This system, called GVX and developed by the company Geovoxel, is a cloud based web platform that integrates data captured by instruments and geotechnical sensors in a georeferenced environment, enabling rapid and decentralized analysis of ground movements, issuing alerts and presenting the results in maps and dynamic graphics. The Civil Defense is drawing up recommendations to be implemented in a second stage of system development with the objective of making an inventory of improvements in GVX system for decision making. For the success of this second stage, strategic partnerships were signed with TWIST and Aquamet. The technologies of the three companies will allow a greater volume of data included in the current system such as the integration of instruments and meteorological sensors such as electronic rain gauges the CEMADEN (Brazilian Center for Monitoring and Alerting of Natural Disasters) and also localized weather forecast.
Caracterización de Suelos Dispersivos en la Región Occidental del Paraguay Zona Ruta Nacional N°9
Authors: Cruz Carlos  , Perazzo Atilio  , Cantero Norma  , Lugo Lisa
Published: February 2025

La Ruta Nacional N° 9, atraviesa la Región Occidental del Paraguay o Chaco Paraguayo y denota ciertas particularidades, como la formación tubificaciones, cárcavas y erosiones generalizadas en sus terraplenes. Las características citadas hacen suponer la existencia de suelos considerados dispersivos y fácilmente erosionables, para determinar la capacidad dispersiva de un suelos se utilizan ensayos que cuantifican el nivel de dispersividad. Una de las soluciones comúnmente utilizadas para estabilizar estos suelos es la adición de cal hidratada en pequeñas proporciones por lo que se deben realizar estudios de contenido de sulfatos, pues un alto contenido del mismo podría tener un efecto expansivo que compromete el terraplenado. Por lo anteriormente expuesto es necesaria una caracterización adecuada para tomar las correctas decisiones en cuanto a inversiones futuras.
Influence of Angular Thrust in the Measurement of Torque in the SPT-T
Authors: de Castro Piovan Thiago Teixeira  , Peixoto Anna Silvia Palcheco
Published: February 2025

Skin friction of piles can be calculated with the torque measurement in the Standard Penetration Test, SPT-T, proposed by [1]. The purpose of this paper is to provide understating of the influence of angular thrust and rotational speed in this measure. It was used the database of [2] research studying three different site locations in Brazil containing simultaneous measurements of torque and its rotational speed. In addition, the elaboration of curves and statistical analysis made possible to have a better comprehension of the angular thrust behavior before and after the maximum torque is obtained as well as observe patterns and a predominant rotational speed for this test procedure.
Comparison between dynamic and static load tests for bridge foundations
Authors: Marchezini Silvana Fava  , Pinto da Cunha Renato  , Conciani Wilson  , de Figueiredo Luiz Carlos
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the comparison of load capacities derived from static and dynamic load tests on a precast driven pile in a tropical soil of the Mid West region of Brazil. The driven pile is typical of those used in some areas of this large region for the supporting system from bridge foundations. Both tests were carried out in 2007 during a Dissertation research of the University of Brasília. The dynamic instrumentation was obtained with the PDA (Pile Driving Analyzer) device, and analyzed with the numerical programs CASE (Case Institute of Technology) and CAPWAP (Case Pile Wave Analysis Program). The static load test was carried out after the dynamic one, in the same driven pile. The comparison of extrapolated results showed a very good agreement, encouraging the further usage of these techniques in the region.
Construction and demolition waste (CDW) used in reinforced soil mixtures for pavement applications
Authors: Silva Tiago Betinardi  , Arrais Igor Bolotti  , Lukiantchuki Juliana Azoia  , da Silva Christopher Fonseca  , dos Reis Jeselay Hemetério Cordeiro
Published: February 2025

This paper presents CDW-soil mixture behaviors, under static load. The CDW sample was collected in a recycling site located in Maringa, Parana, Brazil. In addition to natural soil and CDW, cement (3.5%; 7.0%) and polypropylene fiber (0.25%; 0.50%) were used. The mixtures were prepared using 75/25 and 50/50 percentages of soil and CDW, respectively. Experimental results show that unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and tensile strength (TS) increase as the CDW content increases in the mixtures. The results show that UCS and TS are more influenced by cement content than fiber content. For experimental values, a multiple regression was obtained showing good agreement between experimental and theoretical values. However, this experimental study does not consider the effect of fiber length and CDW cementation, which are important parameters for strength results.
Avaliação da Condutividade Hidráulica para Diferentes Tipos e Concentrações de Solução de Nanoferro Aplicado em um Solo Argiloso
Authors: Reginatto Cleomar  , Cecchin Iziquiel  , Thomé Antonio  , Heineck Karla  , Reddy Krishna R.
Published: February 2025

The man interferes and contaminates the environment. Some accidents involving the spills of chemicals in the soil has occurred more and more frequently, resulting in the contamination of soil and groundwater. These are causing concern to environmental organs, since this contamination promotes risks to human health. It is necessary interventions that promote the improvement of remediation techniques. Among these techniques, the use of zero-valent iron nanoparticles has stood out because of their large surface area, which facilitates the degradation of several contaminants. The particles must have high reactivity to remove contaminants and, also, low toxicity. The low mobility of the nanoparticles in soil is attributed to the high surface energy, which result in agglomeration of the particles. Considering that nanoparticles must be dispersed in the soil, mechanisms that encourage mobility were proposed, including the involvement of these particles with materials that make it less reactive, called stabilizers. For Brazilian soil it was not defined yet the best nanoiron concentration, and which is its influence on the permeability when are using nanoparticles with or without stabilizers. Thus the objective of this study was to evaluate the hydraulic conductivity of a clay soil from southern Brazil with different concentrations and types of nanoiron. It was used undisturbed test specimens with 5 cm of diameter and 5cm higher. It was used three different types of nanoiron with and without stabilizers at the concentrations of 1g/L and 4g/L. The nanoiron percolation test was carried out by column tests, evaluating the permeability variation over time. The results have been shown that both concentrations can be used in the soil, because it does not significantly changes the natural permeability, and the best results was got with the nanoiron with stabilizer.
Estudos experimentais de um solo aditivado com cimento Portland para aplicação em camadas de pavimentos
Authors: de Oliveira Almeida Guilherme Bravo  , Dal Toé Casagrande Michéle  , Cavalcante Erinaldo Hilario
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho apresenta resultados de pesquisas desenvolvidas na Universidade Federal de Sergipe em parceria com a PUC-Rio utilizando solo de característica areno-argilosa da região de Sergipe estabilizado com cimento Portland CP V-ARI numa proporção de 0, 3, 5, 7 e 9%, com o objetivo de avaliar se o aditivo causará melhorias na matriz do solo natural. O solo natural foi submetido aos ensaios de caracterização (análise granulométrica, limites de Atterberg e massa específica dos grãos), compactação (Proctor Intermediário) e resistência à compressão simples. Ao solo natural foram adicionados os teores de cimento e as misturas foram submetidas aos ensaios de compactação, resistência e limites de Atterberg. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a adição de cimento tende a diminuir a umidade ótima, aumenta a resistência, altera a ação modificadora para aglutinadora das partículas do solo e reduz fortemente a plasticidade.
Frost Heave and Thaw Settlement Estimation of a Frozen Ground
Authors: Sinnathamby Gowthaman  , Gustavsson Henry  , Korkiala-Tanttu Leena  , Pérez Cervera Carles  , Koskinen Mirva
Published: February 2025

This paper presents various methods employed to estimate the frost heave and thaw settlement of the frozen ground beneath an ice rink facility in Myllypuro, eastern Helsinki, Finland. The ground below the ice rink had been frozen for many years since it was opened in 1976. The subsoil reached freezing conditions due to a malfunction in the heating system and the freezing front continued to penetrate into the ground. Over the years, significant frost heave caused deformations to the facility and in 2012, it forced an immediate renovation. A new foundation system comprised of a well-insulated concrete floor-slab and a group of 240 steel thermal piles was adopted in the renovation. Formation of a tight contact between the pile and the frozen soil could create excessive negative skin friction and therefore, such situation should be avoided. This was achieved by thawing the frozen soil adjacent to individual piles. A warm liquid was circulated through U-type plastic tubes embedded inside the piles down to the measured frost depth of around 5 m to 6 m. Upon the completion of the renovation, several undisturbed soil samples were taken and characterized for frost susceptibility. Laboratory frost cell tests were carried out to estimate the possible future frost heave and thaw settlements. Frost heave and thaw settlement were also calculated from various empirical formulations and compared with the estimations based on the laboratory test results. The thaw settlement estimations from the empirical formulations resulted in a maximum thaw settlement of around 1.8 m within 6.6 m frost depth (~27 % of the total frost depth). On the other hand, the maximum thaw settlement estimations based on the frost cell test results was around 1.84 m (~28 % of the total frost depth). The calculated frost depth and frost heave at the end of 30 years was around 6.39 m and 622 mm, respectively. This was in good agreement with the in-situ measuments taken immediately before the renovation, after about 30 years of continuous operation.
Analysis of Particle Breakage of a River Sand Under Different Strength Conditions
Authors: Santana María  , Estaire José  , Manzanal Diego
Published: February 2025

This paper studies the particle breakage of a quarzitic, natural, river sand when subjected to high pressure isotropic and oedometer tests and large shear deformations in ring shear tests. The particle crushing is studied by the analysis of the size distribution curves of the material once subjected to the tests in different conditions, using the “relative breakage parameter” and the fractal dimension, that are suitable parameters to incorporate on constitutive modeling of crushing particle during loading. Test results have proved that oedometer tests produce more particle crushing than isotropic compression tests, for similar pressures. Besides, the yield point, that indicates the pressure when the particle breakage begins, coincides with the point of maximum curvature in a void ratio-log pressure plot.
Secured drapery system in the highway BR 163, Nobres – MT, Brazil. The use of steel mesh
Authors: de Moura Costa Clovis Fernando  , Garcia Matheus
Published: February 2025

The highway BR 163 near the city Nobres, Mato Grosso State in Brazil has slopes with falling arenite blocks (fig. 1). The solution to this problem was a metallic mesh with a patterned of anchors. The software MACRO 1, from Maccaferri, was used to design the system. A secured drapery system, consisting of rockfall netting and a systematic nailing scheme, is designed to stabilize surficial material on an exposed rock face. The design procedure can be very complicated because the geomechanical models are very complex or unrealistic, and obtaining accurate input data is rather problematic. This paper presents a simple design approach for secured drapery system, which combines the field experience of geologists and engineers on one hand, and the results of full scale drapery field tests on the other.
Túneles en la Isla de Madeira (I)
Authors: Sarra Pistone Raúl
Published: February 2025

La Isla de Madeira es territorio insular de Portugal, situada en el Océano Atlántico sobre la costa africana, es una isla volcánica, con una longitud de unos 50 km y relieve muy escarpado. Actualmente dedicada esencialmente al turismo, la isla soporta una población de unas 250.000 personas. En los últimos 20 años el gobierno autónomo se preocupó por desarrollar la infraestructura de caminos y obras hidráulicas. Estas obras implicaron la construcción de un gran número de túneles. En este trabajo se presentan algunos casos históricos de túneles viales recientemente construidos, dentro del mencionado encuadramiento socio-ambiental, características de los terrenos, datos históricos y referencias a túneles pioneros. Son desarrollados, en particular en este trabajo, el proyecto del túnel urbano del nuevo Acceso al Puerto de Funchal. En la parte (II) se presentan los túneles de la circunvalación de Madalena do Mar y el túnel 1 de la Vía Rápida construida en la cota 500.
Túneles en la Isla de Madeira (II)
Authors: Sarra Pistone Raúl
Published: February 2025

La Isla de Madeira es territorio insular de Portugal, situada en el Océano Atlántico sobre la costa africana, es una isla volcánica, con una longitud de unos 50 km y relieve fuertemente montañoso. La comunicación sobre túneles viales de la isla se ha dividido por cuestiones de espacio en dos partes. En la Parte I se presenta un encuadramiento que es válido para ambas partes. De los túneles construidos en los últimos 20 años, túneles modernos, se presentan en el presente trabajo los túneles de la circunvalación de Madalena do Mar y el túnel 1 de la Vía Rápida construida en la cota 500.
Ensayos de rotura de rocas andesíticas evaluados por medio de la emisión acústica
Authors: Guzmán Carlos  , Filipussi Dino  , Xargay Hernán  , Torres Darío
Published: February 2025

Cuando un material con falla frágil es sometido a tensiones crecientes se generan procesos de fisuración que emiten ondas elásticas. Éstas se propagan desde sus fuentes hasta la superficie donde son recibidas por sensores que las transforman en señales eléctricas. A través de la técnica de Emisión Acústica (EA) las señales son analizadas paramétricamente, obteniéndose un conjunto de magnitudes características que pueden ser correlacionadas con el modo de fractura y las etapas de daño del material en estudio.
Algunos errores y confusiones en la descripción geotécnica de testigos de roca
Authors: Zúñiga Gabriel  , Russo Andrea  , Hormazabal Esteban
Published: February 2025

Aunque el entusiasmo por las clasificaciones empíricas de macizos rocosos ha decaído en el último tiempo, los sistemas Q, RMR, MRMR y GSI se mantienen plenamente vigentes, siendo especialmente útiles en las primeras etapas de los proyectos de ingeniería de rocas. En este artículo se destacan errores que con frecuencia se cometen en la descripción geotécnica de testigos de roca, específicamente los relacionados con el grado de fracturamiento y la condición de las discontinuidades estructurales. La estimación de la calidad geotécnica de macizos rocosos puede resultar de tal deficiencia, que no permita decidir la continuidad de un proyecto de ingeniería en particular.
Diseño preliminar de sistemas de impermeabilización de macizos rocosos: enfoque para presas
Authors: Espinosa Guillén Javier A.  , López Molina Jorge A.  , Valencia Quintanar José A.
Published: February 2025

Con la finalidad de asegurar un nivel de filtraciones aceptable en cualquier presa construida sobre un macizo rocoso, es indispensable evaluar la necesidad de realizar tratamientos de impermeabilización mediante inyecciones. Para ello, es necesario definir: el modelo geohidrológico, el nivel de filtraciones esperado, el grado de mejora que puede lograrse mediante inyecciones, la metodología de inyección y el proyecto geométrico de construcción.
Task Scheduling in Distributed System Based on Heterogeneous Multi-processing Nodes
Authors: Li Zhong-Wen  , Zhang Shu  , Li Long
Published: February 2025

In spacecraft integration testing, massive data that generated by spacecraft are received by the testing system. Aimed at real-time processing for testing data, this paper proposes a multi-processor data processing model for heterogeneous network and heterogeneous processing nodes. Base on the model, data processing task scheduling strategy is proposed to achieve the minimum total processing time. Experimental verification shows that the data processing model is correct, and the proposed task scheduling strategy can achieve real-time processing of data.
Battling for ‘Openness’. Applying Situational Analysis to Negotiations Between Dutch Universities and Elsevier
Authors: Šimukovič Elena
Published: February 2025

More than a decade after the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) declaration, Open Access has become a widespread phenomenon and a dominant topic in the academic publishing world. Several large-scale developments can be currently observed including (trans-)national efforts towards ‘full Open Access’ in a given year or ‘offsetting’ models when renewing library subscriptions. In this context, the Netherlands are believed to play a pioneering role as novel agreements with major academic publishers have been recently reached and Open Access was set prominently among the priorities of the Dutch Presidency of the Council of the European Union in the first semester of 2016. However, the negotiations between Dutch universities and Elsevier could be rather described as an ongoing battle that only recently has taken ‘a constructive turn’. As a rich case for investigation, the controversy will be examined using Adele E. Clarke's (2005) method of situational analysis and subsequently visualized with three kinds of maps.
UCL Press: a new model for open access university presses
Authors: Speicher Lara
Published: February 2025

UCL Press was relaunched at UCL in June 2015, as the UK's first fully open access university press. It publishes scholarly monographs, textbooks, edited collections, scholarly editions and journals. All publications are made freely available online in open access form and print books are also sold via retailers at an affordable price. UCL authors are funded to publish open access with the Press. This article describes its activities in more detail and offers the model as one that other institutions can follow.
The Treporti test site: Exploring the behaviour of the silty soils of the Venetian lagoon
Authors: Gottardi G.  , Tonni L.
Published: February 2025

In order to gain a better understanding of the Pleistocene silty sediments underlying the Venice lagoon, a comprehensive research programme on a representative test site was launched. After having carried out an extensive geotechnical characterisation of the subsoil using several high-quality insitu and laboratory tests, a full-scale 6.7 m high, 40 m diameter, vertical-walled cylindrical test bank was progressively built and continuously monitored. Analysis of the very large amount of data, with special emphasis to piezocone tests, provides interesting information on the geotechnical properties of such intermediate soils. Back-analysis from the load bank performance proves to be especially useful both for the validation of usual methods for the evaluation of compressibility and consolidation characteristics and for the reliable determination of the operational parameters of the Venetian silts.
Challenges of offshore geotechnical engineering
Authors: Randolph Mark  , Cassidy Mark  , Gourvenec Susan  , Erbrich Carl
Published: February 2025

Design practice in offshore geotechnical engineering grew out of onshore practice, but the two application areas have tended to diverge over the last 30 years, driven partly by the scale of the foundation elements used offshore, and partly by fundamental differences in construction (or installation) techniques. Groups of many moderate-sized piles are replaced by a few very large diameter piles; excavation of shallow soft sediments is replaced by the use of deep skirts, transferring the effective foundation depth to the level of the skirt tips, or by forcing footings to penetrate several diameters into the seabed; underwater installation has allowed the use of ‘suction’ (or under-pressure) to aid installation of skirted foundations and caissons. Emphasis in design is focused more on capacity, paying particular attention to the effects of cyclic loading but generally with less concern on deformations compared with onshore design. These differences have led to the development of separate design codes for offshore structures, which are in most cases more prescriptive than onshore codes but are also more sophisticated in key areas. The paper describes design principles for foundation and anchoring systems ranging from shallow footings to piles and caissons, highlighting differences between onshore and offshore practice and also the link (or gap) between research and practice.
Efficiency of plastic board drain on self-weight consolidation of soft clay
Authors: Oshima A.  , Takada N.  , Nomura T.
Published: February 2025

A series of centrifuged self-weight consolidation tests of soft clays in which the plastic board drains were installed was carried out to investigate the effect of spacing and width of drain, and the influence of drain deformation caused by following settlement of the clay. Consolidation-time relations of test results were interpreted by current practical solutions. The main conclusions are: 1) the board drain can be converted to the equivalent circular diameter that has the same circumferential length as a board drain, 2) the combined solution of Barron's radial pore water flow and Mikasa's 1-D self-weight consolidation theories well explained the test results.
Performance prediction of stone-column-supported foundations
Authors: Clemente José L.M.  , Senapathy Harish  , Davie John R.
Published: February 2025

Three-dimensional numerical analyses, using FLAC-3D (Itasca 2002), were conducted to study the performance prediction of stone-column-supported foundations. The analyses included a combination of different soil profiles, and square foundation sizes. Unimproved soil profiles, and soil profiles including stone columns at different square grid configurations were employed. The effects of stone-column spacing, depth of ground improvement, and the number of stone-columns under the loaded area were identified from the analysis results. Some of the basic assumptions contained in the current design methodology were generally confirmed by the numerical results. However, new features such as the stress-dependent nature of improvement factors were also identified. A reassessment of the currently available stone column ground improvement design methodology is proposed. Additional analyses using a wider range of stone column configurations will be required to broaden the findings of this work.