bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of National Capital Region, Delhi: Levels and Ecological Risk
Authors: Rani Jyoti , Agarwal Tripti , Chaudhary Sudesh
Published: January 2022

This study was conducted to assess heavy metals concentrations in agricultural soils in the National Capital Region, Delhi. A total of 84 soil samples were collected from selected agricultural areas located near industries, national highways, state highways, Yamuna floodplain, residential complexes, and wastewater irrigated soils. Heavy metal concentrations, pH, and organic carbon (%) were analyzed in the collected soil samples. The average value of pH, and organic carbon (%) in the soil samples were 7.79±0.49 and 0.53±0.17 percent respectively. Average concentrations of heavy metals (mg kg-1) in the agricultural soils were found in the order of Fe > Al > Mn > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Pb > Co > Cd with value as 14916.92, 13538.87, 277.16, 74.53, 35.34, 33.68, 22.94, 18.45, 1.88, and 0.92 . The concentrations of Zn, Ni, and Mn reported in the present study were several times higher than their concentration in Indian natural background soils. A significant potential ecological risk has been noticed in nearly all the agricultural soil samples except for the samples collected nearby residential areas. The contamination factor has shown that most of the soil samples were moderately contaminated with Mn, Ni, Fe, and Cr and some soil samples were considerably to strongly contaminated with Zn, Pb, Cd, and Ni. Wastewater irrigated soils showed a moderate to a strong degree of accumulation of Zn, Cd, and Ni.
Soil Nutrient Evaluation and Crop Management for Sustainable Growth of PatiyaVillage Cluster in Almora, Uttarakhand
Authors: Pande Prabhas Kumar , Kumar Rakesh , Gupta Seema , Sachdev Rajesh , SATAPATHY LOVELEEN , Satapathy Loveleen
Published: January 2022

The present study deals with the assessment of soil nutrients at four adjacent villages, 15 km NE of Almora, to understand the soil fertility and suitability of crops to help rejuvenate the agricultural activities in the region which subsequently will be used as a testing ground to mitigate prevailing Human-Wildlife Conflict in the study area. Soil samples were analyzed for textural classification, power of hydrogen (pH), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Organic Carbon percentage (OC%), available Nitrogen (N), Potassium (K), Sulphur (S), Boron (B), Manganese (Mn), 0.1M Hydrochloric Acid (HCl), and Diethylene Triamine Pentaacetic Acid (DTPA) extractable, Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), and Copper (Cu) to examine the soil fertility of the area. The soils of the region vary from loam to sandy loam. The soil reaction varies from slight to extremely acidic whereas the salinity was varying from non-saline to slightly saline. Low soil fertility index of N, P, K, Zn, B, and Fe; and medium soil fertility index of S, Mn, and Cu were observed, which is suggestive of additional requirement of Farm Yard Manure (FYM) and fertilizers to make them suitable for plantation. Through this study, an attempt has been made to recommend the selection and cultivation of high yield indigenous cash crops with the support of bio-fertilizers to maximize the use and production of these fallow lands and enhance the agricultural activities in the region and provide better livelihood options. The shift from the traditional method of plowing and sowing to new basic techniques has brought about encouraging results to the extent that these fields have now become favorite destinations of wild boars and monkeys. Hence, allowing us to mitigate this problem through various means.
Flood Hazard Modelling in Upper Mandakini Basin of Uttarakhand
Authors: Singh Gagandeep , Singh Chandel Vishwa Bandhu , Kahlon Simrit
Published: January 2022

Floods in Himalayan region raise serious concerns regarding ongoing path of development as recent manifestations of catastrophic events establish link between climate changes and risk to anthropogenic activities in mountainous regions. Scientists predict frequent occurrence of such disasters wherein rapid glacial melting; incidents of glacial lake outburst and weather extremes may trigger floods in the Himalayan mountains. This paper examined flood risk in Upper Mandakini basin through GIS based flood simulationto highlight flood potential and risk associated with such hazard in the study area.It is observed that floods in study area display hazardous interplay of natural terrain gradient, high kinetic energy of streams, and intense rainfall. The upper sections of basin that includes Kali Ganga, Mandani Ganga, Madhyamaheshwar and Mandakini rivers shows high flood susceptibility with greatest risk in the latter. Such hazardousness is likely to be intensified by ongoing anthropogenic activities in the basin.
Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Rainfall Variability using GIS Approach in Trichy District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: P. Ponnuchakkammal P. Ponnuchakkammal , Violet Joy B. , Aravind P. , A. Raviraj A. Raviraj
Published: January 2022

Precipitation is one of the transportation components in hydrological cycle. The magnitude of precipitation swings with time and space. Majorly India receives precipitation in the form of rainfall. Precipitation plays a key role in the rainfed agriculture. The present study deals with the rainfall characteristics of Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu. Seasonal rainfall data from eighteen rain gauge stations (1971-2012) have been taken for analysis of seasonal and annual rainfall pattern of Tiruchirappalli district. Mean rainfall of the district is about 696 mm. The highest rainfall of 1247 mm recorded in the year 2005 and the lowest precipitation of 227 mm recorded in the year 1976. About 48 percent and 35 percent of the rainfall received in North East and South West Monsoon, respectively. Spatial rainfall distribution was studied with the help of Kriging interpolation technique and respective maps were prepared with Geographical Information System. The percentage departure of annual rainfall is classified under the category of excess, normal and large excess category. South East and central part of Tiruchirappalli receives moderate to low rainfall. North East parts of Tiruchirappalli district such as pullambadi, Lalgudi and nearby areas received maximum rainfall during North East Monsoon and South West Monsoon. In winter season Manapparai and Vaiyampatti region received more rainfall while in summer season Thottiam and Mayanur area received more rainfall. The two major highlighted crops in Trichy district are Banana and Onion. Tiruchirappalli district is one of the Banana growing belts in Tamil Nadu. Spatial distribution of rainfall maps will be helpful to form a crop plan for different crops to increase the agricultural productivity of Tiruchirappalli district and to ensure the food security.
Morphometric and Sub-Watershed Analysis of Taraka Watershed, H.D. Kote Taluk, Mysuru District, Karnataka, India using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
Authors: Basavaraju Basavaraju , D. Nagaraju D. Nagaraju
Published: January 2022

The current research work is an attempt to study of drainage area covering 429 sqkms comprising of 10 sub-watersheds they are namely Heggadadevanakote, Budanuru, Kodasige, Yedenhundi, Sunkadakatte, Nagarahole, Muruganahalli, Heggadapura, Kalhalla, Sarathihole. The research area has strong structural control shows that the 10 sub-basins named as the normal category. Different parameters of morphometric were used, Arc-Info and Arc -View GIS software was used to analysis the morphometric parameters and drainage characteristics, Sub-basin have been delineated by drainage pattern. The drainage pattern suggesting very coarse to coarse texture and the density explains the texture of drainage is related to coarse as geomorphic development their late youth stage and values suggest that Form factor, Circulatory ratio, Sub-basins are circular to elongated in shape.
Environmental Literacy Research: Global Scientometric Mapping of Five Decades
Authors: Kumar R Vijay , Thamizhiniyan K Thamizhiniyan K , Naseema S. Naseema S.
Published: January 2022

To date, there is no scientometric study conducted on Environmental Literacy (EL) literature. Hence, this paper aims to bridge this gap.We aimed fora holistic scientometric analysis of scientific literature available on EL, whichresulted in finding global research trends in EL research. We operatedthe following scientometric tools: VOSviewer and Bibliometrix R Package-Biblioshiny for complete science mapping analysis of the collected bibliographic data retrieved from Scopus database. We analysed the Scopus scientific research outcomes during the last 50 years. The outcome included438 total documents published and among them 354 were articles and 84 were conference papers published by1112 authors from 50 countries. The findings of this study arevital for policy makers, researchers and other working in environmental education and literacy development to understand the potential gaps and strength in the current EL research in Scopus literature.
Sustainability Contested: Analysis of Stakeholders Participation in Municipal Solid Waste Management - A Case Study
Authors: J. Menon Vishnu , Palackal Antony
Published: January 2022

Waste has always been a part of human life settlement and we have been either very careless with our waste by discarding it into the streets, the air, water, and in our backyards, or consciously dumping it close to those least powerful segments of the society at all times. Waste has been a problem for human beings and people have been least concerned about its eco-friendly disposal. Developed countries came up with many programmes, regulations and policies to address the municipal solid waste crisis, but still it is an unresolved problem. Municipal solid waste management is still a complex issue everywhere in the globalized and techno scientific world due to the carefree mindset, rapid urbanization process, unscientific development process and lack of social responsibility. In these circumstances, municipal solid waste managementcannot be addressed by mere technological innovations or adoptions. Moreover, the responsibility of municipal solid waste managementcannot be left to the Government alone. Instead, participation of various stakeholders needs to be ensured and coordinated for achieving sustainability. Taking Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Corporation in the state of Kerala, India as a case, this paper discusses the extent and ways in which various stakeholders engage in the two main approaches for municipal solid waste management, namely- centralized approach and decentralized approach. The research study was conducted during the period June, 2020 to December, 2020.
Variations in Vegetation and Nutrient Composition in Sal and Eucalyptus Stands: A Case Study of Bhagabatichak Forest Area, West Bengal, India
Authors: Sahoo Tridib Kumar
Published: January 2022

The study was conducted on two type of stands one was coppice sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn. F.) stand (CSS) managed by Forest Protection Committee (FPC) along with the State Forest Department and other was coppice eucalyptus (Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm.) stand (CES) solely managed by the State Forest Department. These two stands are in the Bhagabatichak forest area under Midnapore East Forest Division, West Bengal, India. In this study Importance Value Index (IVI), biomass, species diversity index (H/), concentration of dominance(Cd), species richness index(d), beta diversity(βd), index of similarity (IS), nutrient composition and soil pH of the two stands were measured. The study reveals that the highest numbers of species were available during monsoon period in both the stands; these were 71 and 43 respectively in CSS and CES. The result also shows that the highest IVI was occupied by sal in CSS and eucalyptus in CES in all the seasons. Other major species were Clerodendrum viscosum Vent, Lantana camara L., Combretum roxburghii Spreng. Highest diversity index (H/) was in CSS during monsoon (1.983) and minimum in CES during pre-monsoon (1.274). So, the species richness index (d) was higher in CSS during monsoon (28.259) and lower in CES during pre-monsoon (12.112).Cd shows the opposite trend, it was higher in CES during pre-monsoon (0.125) and lower in CSS during monsoon (0.042). β diversity reflects the rate of species change, which was highest in CSS during post-monsoon (1.300). The similarity index (IS) between the two stands was 64.91%. The total annual above ground biomass (agb) were 87008.043 kg ha-1 yr-1 in CSS and 86309.837 kg ha-1 yr-1 in CES. Among them major contributors were sal (82357.946 kg ha-1 yr-1) in CSS and eucalyptus (84246.358 kg ha-1 yr-1) in CES. In both the stands higher amount of nutrients were available in Combretum roxburghii. In CSS available NPK were 1.272%, 0.527% and 1.867% respectively in Combretum roxburghii. In CES the values were 0.864%, 0.513% and 1.724% respectively for the same species. Soil pH of CSS were 5.53 in top soil and 5.79 in subsoil, in CES soil pH were 4.88 and 5.02 in top soil and subsoil respectively. It was observed that sal stand was better than eucalyptus stand with respect to ecology and biodiversity.
Ethical Conduct with Invertebrate Animals: Routes for Inclusive, Humanitarian, and Sustainable Education
Authors: Luciane Fischer Marta , Zacarkin Santos Juliana
Published: January 2022

Perceptions of nature depend on experiences relating to biodiversity, thus this study investigated the representation of invertebrates in different sections of Brazilian society by means of a questionnaire available from March to December 2015 as a resource in terms of the conservation of nature and human health in order to design an ethical values guide for this relationship. This study tested the hypotheses that there are differences in the conception and representation: a) associated with gender, educational level, use of animals in vocational training, tutoring, and housing area; b) according to the role assigned to invertebrates as a resource, including in conservation and health; and c) that the different representations result in different value assignments used to intermediate decisions on how, when, and why to use invertebrates. Thus, through quantitative and cross-sectional research, our objective was to identify the popular representation of invertebrates. The analysis of the results of an online questionnaire with 281 respondents showed definitions and concepts that were predominantly similar to the tested variables, which suggests that the present study provides evidence for the understanding of the ecological importance of the invertebrates, the belief in their sentience, and disagreement with the substitutive use of vertebrates in experimentation. However, the naturalistic and ecological positions regarding nature prevailed, indicating the persistence of utilitarian values. The results cast interpretive clues that the only by cooperation between education and environmental bioethics will possible the confluence of values and interests of animals and human in favor of a critical, ethical, and sustainable society.
A Review of Chronological Evolution of Air Quality Indexing Systems (1966 To 2021)
Authors: Shah Dipsha Paresh , Patel Piyushkumar
Published: January 2022

Air quality index (AQI) also known as air pollution index (API) is the way of describing ambient air quality to assess the health risk associated with pollution. With the advent of time, there have been several air quality indexing systems starting from the first air Quality Index developed in 1966 by Marvin H. Green and various modifications have been made ever since to improve the accuracy of measurement. Such systems can assess the air quality by several factors like the concentration of different pollutants or by various empirically established formulas based on past experiences. In this review article, an effort has been made to chronologically evaluate the AQI system developed across the world from 1966 to 2021. Every indexing system has its own unique method for air quality determination and each method has its own merits and demerits. This pape rcovers various parameters, empirical relationships, standards, merits, and demerits, which in hind sight will help to develop an amalgamation of various indexing systems that can be used as a standard method for monitoring the quality of air. This paper also covers the AQI systems that prevail in India. A fuzzy logic system is very helpful in handling the uncertainty in air quality assessment. So, fuzzy-based air quality indexing systems developed from 2010 to 2017 have also been reviewed. The review of articles established that the results obtained through fuzzybased AQI aremore reliable than the other methods. Out of all the above describing methods, fuzzy synthetic evaluation-based AQI system and fuzzy air quality health index (FAQHI) are more powerful tools to describe the air quality. But till 2017, thereis no development of AQI systems based on fuzzy logic, considering PM2.5 as one of the pollutants. So, there is a need to develop the fuzzy-based AQI system considering PM2.5 as a pollutant with other air pollutants.
Variation in Tree Layer Composition Across Mid and Higher Elevation Forest Sites in Kumaun Himalayan Region, Uttarakhand
Authors: Tewari Bhawna , Tewari Ashish
Published: January 2022

The Himalayan forests are rich in biodiversity and distributed over a large extent from lower to higher elevations. The dependence of the locals for their daily requirements of fuel, fodder and medicinal plants is high on these forests. The study was conducted at altitude varied between 1725 and 3250 masl (above sea level) in Kumaun region. The study deals with the comparison of tree layer vegetation in higher elevation sites (HES) and mid elevation sites (MES) with reference to Diversity, Richness, Basal area (BA), Dominance and Important Value Index. The MES were dominated by mixed Quercus leucotrichophora and Pinus roxburghii forests where as HES sites were dominated by Quercus semecarpifolia and Aesculus indica forests and Rhododendron campanulatum in the understory. Across all the sites the tree species richness ranged between 9 and 15. Tree density was maximum (1400 trees/ha) at MES. Tree diversity and total basal area were maximum at HES. The study will be useful in developing baseline data for carrying out future studies. The data generated will be helpful for the conservation of biodiversity of the region.
Sustainable Community Forestry: Insights from Rural Thailand
Authors: Rout Satyapriya
Published: January 2022

Community participation in forest management has evolved as the new paradigm of natural resource governance in recent decades. Focusing on community participation in local forest resource management, this article examines the evolution and working of community forestry in Thailand from a socio-historical perspective. It narrates the social history of forest governance practices in Thailand and explores the community’s response towards deforestation, resource degradation and rising livelihood insecurity. Drawing insights from three case studies of community participation in forest governance from the provinces of Lampang, Lamphun and Kanchanaburi, this article highlights the potentials of community forestry in evolving as an alternative institution for sustainable livelihood security and forest governance. The article maps out the social history of forest governance practices in Thailand by identifying three successive stages: (a) influence of early European colonial rule in the neighbouring territories, (b) the American influence of 1960s, and (c) social uprisings and a visible ‘community’ in forest management practice.
Aboveground Biomass Stockpile of Trees in Vallanadu Blackbuck Sanctuary, Peninsular India
Authors: M. Nagaraj M. Nagaraj , Udayakumar M.
Published: January 2022

A forest tree inventory study was conducted in Vallanadu Black buck sanctuary, Tuticorin. The current study was conducted to assess tree density, species richness, basal area (BA) and aboveground biomass (AGB) stockpile. The study area has been classified as Southern Thorn Forest (SFT). One hundred square plots (total area 1 ha), each 10m × 10m (100 m2 each) laid randomly across study area. All live trees with ≥5 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) measured at 137 cm above the ground. As the whole, 1335 individual trees ≥5cm DBH recorded. A total number of 18 species recorded from 14 genera and 11 families in study area. The family Mimosaceae has maximum number of species (7 species) followed by Rhamnaceae (2 species), while 9 families had just single species’ each. The total basal area recorded was 22.046 m2 ha-1, while, the mean wood density (WD) of trees estimated as 0.70±0.093 g cm-3. Total amount of 50.065 Mg ha-1 present in STF. The contribution of different species in terms of total AGB varied significantly. Commiphora berryi stocked 45.13% (22.588 Mg ha-1) of AGB followed by A. planifrons (23.31%, 11.669 Mg ha-1), A. mellifera (7.233%, 3.621 Mg ha-1), whereas remaining 15 species collectively stocked 24.327% (12.187 Mg ha-1) AGB. The STF had a large number of trees compared to some dry forests within Tamil Nadu. Southern Thorn Forest endowed with a moderate number of trees species. Aboveground biomass stockpile of trees is comparable with the range recorded from Indian dry forests. The study area experiences lesser mean annual rainfall and >6 months dry season. Further, endowed with short-bole and smaller leaved trees, hence stocked a relatively lesser AGB in trees.
Analysing the donor behaviour of a Muslim diaspora in Australia
Authors: Khan Aila , Jain Siddharth , Cameron Bruce
Published: January 2022

Diaspora communities are an important source of charitable giving to their original homelands. This study explores a Muslim diaspora's motivations behind donation-giving. A two-year donation dataset of an overseas charity organisation registered in Australia was analysed. Findings show that, overall, donations are significantly related to the prevailing consumer confidence levels (r = 0.4277). However, there was also a strong, inverse correlation (r = - 0.4376) during 2020, suggesting that the plummeting consumer sentiment during COVID-19 did not impact donation revenue. As expected, during periods of religious significance (Ramadan) across both years, donations to the charity increased substantially, with the relative effect of Ramadan calculated as over 800%. This study makes a contribution by providing insights to donor behaviour through the examination of a donation dataset. This study also uses ‘causal impact analysis’ to calculate the effect of Ramadan on donations. Results have implications for the not-for-profit sector in Australia and other countries with Muslim diaspora communities. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
Under reconstruction: the impact of COVID-19 policies on the lives and support networks of older people living alone
Authors: Pfabigan Johanna , Wosko Paulina , Pichler Barbara , Reitinger Elisabeth , Pleschberger Sabine
Published: January 2022

In the spring of 2020, the Austrian government introduced COVID-19 containment policies that had various impacts on older people living alone and their care arrangements. Seven qualitative telephone interviews with older people living alone were conducted to explore how they were affected by these policies. The findings show that the management of everyday life and support was challenging for older people living alone, even though they did not perceive the pandemic as a threat. To better address the needs of older people living alone, it would be important to actively negotiate single measures in the area of conflict between protection, safety and assurance of autonomy.
Tensions and polarities in the autonomy of family carers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in France
Authors: Giraud Olivier , Petiau Anne , Touahria-Gaillard Abdia , Rist Barbara , Trenta Arnaud
Published: January 2022

This article analyses the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on ‘monetised’ family carers’ understanding of their own autonomy in a long-term care relation at home. The reduction or suspension of medico-social service deteriorated the situation of family carers of frail older people or people with disability. We develop and apply an analytical grid of 15 interviews of monetised family carers about the reorganisation of care systems and their situation as carers. We identify three types of understandings of autonomy among family carers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: preventive autonomy; health protection autonomy; and supported autonomy.
Observed effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the life satisfaction, psychological distress and loneliness of Australian carers and non-carers
Authors: Abbasi-Shavazi Azadeh , Biddle Nicholas , Edwards Ben , Jahromi Maria
Published: January 2022

Using six waves of longitudinal data, we investigate wellbeing, psychological distress and loneliness differences between informal carers and non-carers in the context of COVID-19-related policy changes in Australia. Wellbeing levels fluctuated along with the virus case numbers. Free childcare temporarily alleviated the disparity between carers and non-carers, but by its cessation, carers, in particular, reported lower wellbeing and higher psychological distress. Wage subsidies and income supports had opposing effects for carers’ and non-carers’ mental health but decreased the loneliness of both groups. Victorians, living in the state where the second wave of infections in Australia was concentrated, experienced worse outcomes than other Australians.
Reconciling for-profit social service provision with a regulatory framework: Korean long-term care
Authors: Jung Chang Lyul , Walker Alan , Moon Yongpil
Published: January 2022

Korean long-term care was introduced as a national system aimed at a rapid transformation from informal care to universal formal care based on choice and competition. However, it failed to satisfy the prerequisites for such a market model, which resulted in various equity problems. In order to tackle these problems, the government superimposed a regulatory framework on to the market. However, in a situation where providers concentrate on profit maximisation, the enhancement of regulations may partially tackle some problems but new ones are created, such as resistance from providers. This article is a Korean case study which shows that, in a context of low trust, it is difficult to enhance regulations governing the private, for-profit provision of social services to enable the effective operation of choice and competition.
A társas tanulás eredményei a fenntartható fogyasztást előmozdító budapesti gyakorlatközösségekben
Authors: Kasza-Kelemen Kata , Neulinger Ágnes , Kiss Gabriella , Veress Tamás , Lazányi Orsolya
Published: January 2022

A fenntartható fogyasztással kapcsolatos kihívások kezelése kapcsán egyre növekvő szerephez jutnak azok a közösségek, melyek gyakorlatalapon szerveződnek. Ebben a cikkben azt vizsgálják a szerzők, milyen tanulási módok jellemzik a fenntartható fogyasztást előmozdító budapesti gyakorlatközösségeket és az itt megismert tanulási mechanizmusok hogyan segítik a fenntartható életmód kialakítását. Feltáró kutatásuk mélyinterjúkra támaszkodik, amelyeket két egymást követő hullámban bonyolítottak le. Az első szakaszban szakértői interjúk készültek, amelyek az ökológiai és társadalmi fenntarthatósághoz kapcsolódó aktív, szervezői szerepet vállaló közösségek tagjaival készített 20 interjúval egészültek ki. A tudásmegosztási jellemzők alapján elmondható, hogy a vizsgált közösségek működése során egyaránt megtalálhatók az egy-, két- és háromhurkos tanulás esetei, valamint a tanulás mind individuális, mind kollektív szinten megvalósul. A tudásmegosztás szélességét és orientációját vizsgálva azt találták, hogy nagyvárosi környezetben a közösségi tudat megteremtése és megerősítése, valamint a többhurkos tudásmegosztási mechanizmusok megléte hozzájárul a konvergens és konstruktív társas tanulási eredményhez.
Külföldi csődelőrejelző módszerek szisztematikus irodalomelemzése
Authors: Ágoston Norbert
Published: January 2022

A vállalati fizetésképtelenség, csőd és pénzügyi nehézség vizsgálata egy intenzív kutatási terület, amelynek számos különböző gyakorlati eljárása megfigyelhető. A tanulmány a vállalati csődelőrejelzés külföldi szakirodalmát vizsgálja, a szisztematikus irodalomelemzés módszerével. A kutatás célkitűzése kettős, elsősorban megvizsgálja a vállalati csődelőrejelzés legjobban teljesítő módszereit, másodsorban felfedi az ehhez kapcsolódó legyakoribb tényezőket, a magasan hivatkozott külföldi csődkutatások alapján. Három tudományos adatbázist felhasználva, 105 szakirodalmi cikket dolgoztak fel, amelyeket 1966 és 2017 közötti időszakban tettek közzé. A szakirodalmi áttekintés, hat módszercsalád összehasonlítását teszi lehetővé. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a döntési fa módszercsalád fölülmúlja az SVM, a neuronháló és a hagyományos statisztikai módszereket. A közepes pontosságú módszerek közül a példányalapú módszercsalád és a logisztikus regresszió összemérésekor nem lehetett egyértelmű rangsort felállítani. A csőd tényezőinek vizsgálatánál körvonalazódott, hogy a hagyományos pénzügyi mutatók mellet alkalmazott piaci mutatók átlagosan nem vezetnek magasabb előrejelző pontossághoz, mint a csak kizárólag pénzügyi mutatókat tartalmazó modellek.
MAKNA RITUAL SESAJEN DALAM AJAR PIKUKUH SUNDA (SUNDA WIWITAN) (Sudi Terhadap Penganut Ajar Pikukuh Sunda Di Padepokan Bumi Dega Sunda Academy Bandung)
Authors: Miharja Deni , Wahida Endah , Huriani Yeni
Published: January 2022

Indonesia is a country that has many local cultures including one of them is Ajar pikukuh sunda (Sundanese Wiwitan) which is in Padepokan Bumi Dega Sunda Academy Bandung. In the teachings of Sundanese pikukuh there is a ritual that is always carried out, namely the offering. However, many people misinterpret the ritual offerings so that they are referred to as givers of demons and polytheists. The purpose of this study was to determine the meaning of offerings in Sundanese Pikukuh (Sunda Wiwitan) Teachings at Padepokan Bumi Dega Sunda Academy Bandung. This research methodology is descriptive qualitative with case studies. The results of this paper conclude that the ritual offerings carried out in Ajar Pikukuh Sunda (Sundanese Wiwitan) have a very high and noble meaning. The teaching materials / means in the ritual are all the same, namely water, earth, fire, and wind, animal elements, and plant elements. The meaning of offerings carried out by the Sundanese Pikukuh Teachers at Padepokan Bumi Dega Sunda Academy Bandung is a prayer ritual as a form of gratitude to our ancestors, the universe, to our parents, or to everything that has supported us so far, because without them we will never exist so that by using the means of sasajen from the natural elements it will be able to reconnect the energy of the past with the future.
PEMIKIRAN POLITIK NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI: STUDI KASUS DINASTI UMAYYAH
Authors: Fahrezy Alfin Falah , Hamid Rizal Al
Published: January 2022

The Umayyad dynasty was an Islamic caliphate regime after the khulafa urrasydin which managed to maintain its power for 90 years before being overthrown by the Abbasids. This dynasty is famous for its political stability from the beginning of his reign to a systematized public administration and military. Nevertheless, this dynasty raised pros and cons in terms of morality which were considered to deviate from Islamic teachings at least during the political revolution and post-Caliph Mu'awiyah. The author tries to examine the practice of such government using the political theory of Niccolo Machiavelli in which there are also thoughts about the ethics of power. This study tries to answer several questions, namely what is the ideal government practice in the book "Il Principe" by Niccolo Machiavelli? and whether the practice of Umayyad dynasty government can be said to be ideal in terms of administration and ethics of power in Machiavelli's perspective? This research is a qualitative research with primary sources in the form of historical literature about the Umayyad Dynasty and the books by Machiavelli mainly on "Il Principe". This study shows that in making political policies, for the sake of government stability, moral values do not need to be considered except in a pragmatic context. The stability of the state is also influenced by the ability and luck of the leader in managing the government. This study shows that the practice of the Umayyad dynasty has a correlation with the main goal of Machiavelli's political theory, namely state stability.
MODERASI BERAGAMA PERSPEKTIF AGAMA-AGAMA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Amri Khairul
Published: January 2022

Moderasi Beragama adalah sebuah cara pandang, sikap dan perilaku beragama yang selalu mengambil posisi di tengah-tengah, selalu bertindak adil, dan tidak ekstrem dalam beragama. Pemerintah dalam hal ini Kementerian Agama menganggap penguatan moderasi beragama sebagai upaya strategis dalam menjaga keutuhan bangsa. Sebagai negara yang majemuk, cara pandang moderasi beragama sangat dibuthkan sebagai usaha untuk menjaga kerukunan dan kelestarian bangsa. Terminologi moderasi beragama sering diidentikkan dengan wasathiyah dalam Islam, namun seseungguhnya prinsip-prinsip moderasi beragama terdapat dalam setiap ajaran agama-agama, sebab sejatinya ajaran agama selalu menghendaki perdamain, keadilan, dan menjaga nilai-nilai kemanusiaan. Hal ini penting untuk dipahami sebagai pengetahuan bahwa esensi setiap ajaran agama sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip moderasi beragama
Forecasting Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Heavy Vehicles: A Case study of Semarang City
Authors: Budihardjo Mochamad Arief , Fadhilah Isaaf , Humaira Natasya Ghinna , Hadiwidodo Mochtar , Wardhana Irawan Wisnu , Ramadan Bimastyaji Surya
Published: January 2022

In Indonesia, transportation sector, specifically road transport consumed most energy compared to other sectors. Eventually, the energy consumption will increase due to the growth of vehicle number that also escalate emission. Vehicle emissions had been recognized as a significant contributor to atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) pollution. Heavy-duty vehicles are considered as main sources of vehicular emissions in most cities. Therefore, it is crucial to take into account heavy-duty vehicle emission projections in order to support policymakers to identify vehicle emissions and develop pollution control strategies. The aim of this study is to forecast heavy-duty vehicle population, vehicle kilometers travelled (VKT), fuel consumption, and heavy-duty vehicle emissions using data of Semarang City to illustrate greenhouse gas emission of big cities in Indonesia. Business as Usual (BAU) and The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) method were incorporated to determine vehicle emission projection. Heavy-duty vehicle emissions increase from 2021 to 2030 by 12.317 to 22.865 Gg CO2/year with amount trucks and buses emissions of 21.981,5 Gg CO2/year and 884,2 Gg CO2/year, respectively.
Multi Perception Analysis of Medan City Residents Against the River Environment
Authors: Rachman Indriyani , Hutagalung Ira Rumiris , Matsumoto Toru
Published: January 2022

Deli Medan River is one of the rivers used as a mode of transportation in the 1980s. The shift in water transportation to land causes the Deli Medan River not to get attention and tend to be ignored. This study aims to describe the perception of the people of Medan City on the Deli River Medan while at the same time looking for a correlation between each variable. This study involved 365 respondents divided from various urban villages in the Medan City area (136 men and 232 girls). The selected respondents are aged 9-60 years with a vulnerable elementary school to a college education. Spearman correlation analysis is used to see the relationship between variables. The results of the study inform that there is no relationship between pollution and siltation that occurs in the Deli River Medan, different results are shown between the changing of river transportation modes to land caused by river silting, the level of education and awareness in disposing of waste, as well as pollution that occurs and industries that dispose of waste. Wastewater in the Medan Deli River body (Sig. <0.05). Furthermore, the Deli Medan River has been polluting by waste and wastewater.
Analysis of the Effect of HVAC System Modification towards Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and Microbiological Growth at Accommodation and Office Buildings in an Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Valentina Sabrina , Nasri Sjahrul Meizar , Herespatiagni Rani
Published: January 2022

Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) problems, such as high relative humidity and microbiological (bacteria and mold) growth in accommodation and office buildings, can cause health effects for the occupants. People commonly have activities inside the buildings all day long. This study aimed to determine the impact of HVAC systems on IAQ parameters and microbiological growth. The study was conducted in accommodation and office buildings that had been identified with IAQ problems. The research methodology used a quantitative cross-sectional study design with statistical comparison analysis and statistical correlation analysis. The statistic results showed that relative humidity (RH) significantly had a strong correlation (r=0.520, 95% CI) with mold growth in ambient air of accommodation; O2 had a significantly strong correlation (r=0.541, 95% CI) with bacteria growth in ambient air at the office; VOC (r=0.853, 95% CI) and CO2 (r=0.803, 95% CI) had a very strong correlation with mold growth at office surface area. High humidity contributed to risk on IAQ (OR=50, 95% CI). Significant improvement was shown in relative humidity at all buildings, especially at the office, but mold and bacteria growth were offered only at the accommodation. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation was needed to improve the IAQ and modify the HVAC system.
Selecting Plant Types to Control Air Pollution and Developing Software to Plan Green Open Space in the Urban Area
Authors: Yulfiah Yulfiah , Azzahro Fiona , Pissera Rosa Canina
Published: January 2022

The decrease in air quality becomes one of the development impacts that must be controlled deliberately. Planting trees is crucial for reducing the total number of dust and gas pollutants as it can restrain air pollution through absorption and adsorption. This research aimed at (a) determining the most appropriate types of plants for controlling air pollution and (b) developing software to plan the need for Green Open Space (GOS) in the urban city. The criteria of assessment for measuring the ability of a plant to absorb pollutant gas consisted of: (a) the density level of tree-crown, (b) plant combination, (c) thickness level of leaf, (d) the total number of leaves, and (e) plant distance. Meanwhile, the criteria for assessing the ability of the plant to adsorb dust particles comprised: (a) the roughness of leaf surface structure, (b) leaf width, (c) density level of tree-crown, (d) texture of stem skin surface, and (e) density level of the twig. The results of the research demonstrated that plants of Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus), Kihujan (Samanea saman), and Acacia (Acacia auriculiformis) were very appropriate for absorbing pollutant gas. Meanwhile, the good plants for adsorbing dust particles involved Angsana, Kihujan, Acacia, Tanjung (Mimusops elengi), Kersen (Mutingia calabura), Ketapang (Terminalia cattapa), and red Dadap (Erythrina crista-galli) by the level of adsorption ability around 65-75%. The successfully developed software could present suitability between Green Open Space (GOS) calculated manually and the one counted by software.
Solar-Powered Electrocoagulation System for Tofu Wastewater Treatment and its Characteristic
Authors: Muryanto Muryanto , Sari Ajeng Arum , Pertiwi Sunu , Prasetyo Danar Aji , Sudarno Sudarno
Published: January 2022

This study aims to investigate the ability of solar-powered electrocoagulation for tofu wastewater, especially for reducing COD and TSS. This feasibility was compared with conventional electrocoagulation using electricity from the state electricity company. The study was conducted on a laboratory scale using a batch reactor electrocoagulation and aluminium electrode. The types of electrolytes used are sodium chloride and potassium chloride. The contact time is 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours. The results showed that removal of COD and TSS in tofu wastewater increases with a longer electrolysis time. During two hours of electrolysis time, the removal of COD and TSS were 25 and 53.85%, respectively. This process yielded the highest COD and TSS removal of 75 and 76.9%, respectively, at 6 hours. Pseudo-second order kinetics about COD removal, both in conventional and solar panel systems, is concluded. By adding NaCl electrolytes, the conductivity of wastewater was increased, and then the removal of COD and TSS was also increased. At the end of the electrolysis time (5 hours), the pH of wastewater was neutral. The results of sludge characterization using FTIR showed the presence of hydroxyl groups, amide compound, and aromatic compound.  The process of using solar panels gives results slightly different from conventional electricity, but has advantages in terms of lower operating costs and environmental friendly.
Anatomia foliar e radicular comparativa de sete espécies de Catasetum Rich. ex Kunth (Orchidaceae: Catasetinae)
Authors: Oliveira Miguel Sena , Coelho Ferreira Alessandro Wagner , Oliveira Hermeson Cassiano
Published: January 2022

O gênero Catasetum é um grupo complexo e pouco se conhece sobre a composição anatômica de suas folhas e raízes. O presente estudo objetivou descrever e comparar anatomicamente a estrutura foliar e radicular de sete espécies e contribuir com o conhecimento anatômico e taxonômico das espécies incluídas na subtribo Catasetinae. As amostras foram fixadas em FAA70 e preservadas em etanol 70%. As secções foram realizadas a mão livre, clarificadas em hipoclorito de sódio 50% e, posteriormente, coradas com fucsina básica e azul de Astra 0,05%. As lâminas foram montadas com gelatina glicerinada e lutadas com esmalte incolor. Os espécimes estudados são estruturalmente semelhantes entre si, com folhas de epiderme uniestratificada, cutícula delgada e lisa em ambas as faces, colênquima angular, esclerênquima circundando o feixe vascular da nervura principal e mesofilo homogêneo e raízes com epivelame distinguível, velame multiestratificado com espessamento secundário, exoderme uniestratificada com presença de tilossomos, córtex parenquimático multiestratificado, endoderme e periciclo uniestratificado e cilindro vascular poliarco, estando esses dados de acordo com a literatura para o gênero. O registro de folhas anfiestomaticas são aqui descritas pela primeira vez para a anatomia das Catasetum. Contudo, não foram encontrados marcadores anatômicos úteis para diferenciar as espécies estudas ou que contribuíssem para fins taxonômicos ou com a sistemática deste gênero.
Microbiological quality assessment of fresh tilapia marketed in the Federal District and of the ice used for its conservation
Authors: Ferreira Ana Carolina Almeida de Oliveira , Monteiro Erika da Silva , Sousa David de Oliveira , Silva Calliandra Maria de Souza , Da Silva Izabel Cristina Rodrigues , Castilho Orsi Daniela
Published: January 2022

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the most cultivated and consumed freshwater fish in Brazil. The present study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of ice and fresh tilapia samples commercialized in the Federal District. Tilapia samples were tested for counts of mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria, determination of total and thermotolerant coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus counts and presence of Salmonella. Ice samples were analyzed for determination of total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms and presence of Escherichia coli. Of the 20 samples of fresh tilapia analyzed, ten samples (50%) presented Salmonella (genetically confirmed through the presence of the invA gene) and, therefore, were unfit for consumption. S. aureus was found in 11 samples (55%), and one sample of fillet presented S. aureus counts (3.15 CFU/g) above the limit allowed by Brazilian legislation (3 log CFU/g). S. aureus colonies were confirmed by detection of CoA gene in molecular analysis. Of the 14 ice samples analyzed, 12 samples (85.7%) were unfit for use in fish conservation due to the presence of total coliforms and 9 ice samples (64.3%) were also contaminated with thermotolerant coliforms. E. coli was isolated from 6 ice samples (42.9%) and confirmed in the molecular analysis through the amplification of the MalB gene. In conclusion, the high contamination of tilapia samples with Salmonella and of the ice used for its conservation with coliforms and E. coli indicates the need for better hygienic practices in the tilapia production chain, to increase its quality and microbiological safety.
Chemical profile of manually extracted andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis Aubl., Meliaceae) from Mamangal community, located in Igarapé-Miri, Pará, Brazil
Authors: De Sousa Ronaldo Lopes , Silva Sebastião Gomes , Costa Jeferson Miranda , Da Costa Wanessa Almeida , Maia Ana Aurea Barreto , De Oliveira Mozaniel Santana , Andrade Eloisa Helena de Aguiar
Published: January 2022

Carapa guianensis species belongs to the Meliaceae family and, in the Brazilian Amazon, it has great importance in folk medicine, mainly because the oil extracted from its seeds presents varied biological activities. Thus, the present work aimed to analyze, by gas phase chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS), the chemical composition of manually extracted andiroba oil, from Mamangal community, located in Igarapé-Miri, Pará, Brazil. As results, 99.63% of the constituents of the oil sample were identified and quantified from which the main components were oleic, palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids. The manual oil extraction from andiroba seeds in the Mamangal community is sustainable and economically viable. Due to the high content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids C. guianensis oil can be considered interesting useful for pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Indeed, the unsaturated fatty acids represented 57.5% of the oil constituents, among which the essential ones stand out, as they have great applicability in healing drugs formulation.
Ricci almost solitons with associated projective vector field
Authors: Sharma Ramesh , Deshmukh Sharief
Published: January 2022

A Ricci almost soliton whose associated vector field is projective is shown to have vanishing Cotton tensor, divergence-free Bach tensor and Ricci tensor as conformal Killing. For the compact case, a sharp inequality is obtained in terms of scalar curvature.We show that every complete gradient Ricci soliton is isometric to the Riemannian product of a Euclidean space and an Einstein space. A complete K-contact Ricci almost soliton whose associated vector field is projective is compact Einstein and Sasakian.
Bifurcation analysis for a modified quasilinear equation with negative exponent
Authors: Chen Siyu , Santos Carlos Alberto , Yang Minbo , Zhou Jiazheng
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we consider the following modified quasilinear problem:

−Δu−κuΔu2=λa(x)u−α+b(x)uβinΩ,u>0inΩ,u=0on∂Ω,$$\begin{array}{} \left\{\begin{array}{c}\, -{\it\Delta} u-\kappa u{\it\Delta} u^2 = \lambda a(x)u^{-\alpha}+b(x)u^\beta \, \, in\, {\it\Omega}, \\\!\! u \gt 0 \, \, in\, {\it\Omega}, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, u = 0 \, \, on \, \partial{\it\Omega} , \\ \end{array}\right. \end{array} $$

whereΩ⊂ ℝNis a smooth bounded domain,N≥ 3,a,bare two bounded continuous functions,α> 0, 1 <β≤ 22*− 1 andλ> 0 is a bifurcation parameter. We use the framework of analytic bifurcation theory to obtain an analytic global unbounded path of solutions to the problem. Moreover, we get the direction of solution curve at the asmptotic point.