bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Strength Behavior of Soil with Nano Fly Ash and Nano Cement
Authors: Kirithika M , Stalin V. K
Published: June 2018

Nanotechnology is the science that deals with the particles which are less than 100 nm. The size of the nanoparticles plays a crucial role in behavior of soil exhibiting different properties. Use of nanoparticles in stabilization influences shear strength, dry density of the soil and
makes more reactive to soil because of its high specific surface area. In this investigation, an attempt is made to investigate the influence of ball milled nano fly ash and nano cement particles in the improvement of soil. Different combinations of percentage were selected in the range of
non-nano fly ash (10%, 20% and 30%) and non-nano Cement (2%, 6%, 8% and 10%). Preparation of nanoparticles has done by planetary ball milling. Particle sizes of the additives were obtained by HRTEM test results and IMAGEJ software analysis. Nano fly ash and Nano cement were admixed with soil
for the optimum mix of 10% fly ash and 10% cement. Results indicated that compare to non-nano particles in soil, the nano admixed soil yielded UCC strength of 1416 kN/m2 which is 1.2 times higher than non-nanoparticles. The higher strength of nanoparticles admixed soil is mainly
due to higher reactivity of nano fly ash and nano cement with the soil because of the enhanced specific surface.
Selective Methanol Detection of Pyrolysis Grown Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Rajavel Krishnamoorthy , Kumar Ramasamy Thangavelu Rajendra
Published: June 2018

Interest in vast response to external gas molecules by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at ambient conditions potential for nanotubes based gas sensors. In this report, we synthesized carbon nanotubes using simple pyrolytic assisted growth process by varying temperatures (770, 870 and 970 °C).
The pyrolysis grown multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are found to be in well-ordered crystalline structure with significant higher graphitization degree and lower defect density resulting from structural and morphological analysis (TEM, Raman, FTIR and TG/DTA). The calculated ID/IG ratio
reflects on decrease in structural defects of nanotubes on increasing the growth temperature from 770 to 970 °C. Two electrode based random network of CNTs sensor device are fabricated and applied for volatile organic compounds (Ethanol, Methanol, Acetone and Propan-2-ol) sensing. MWCNTs
grown at 770 °C and 870 °C shows nearly equal response for Ethanol, Methanol, Acetone and Propan-2-ol gases. However, MWCNTs grown at 970 °C show selective sensing of methanol at room temperature. The calculated gas methanol gas sensitivity is about 35% with higher response and
recovery time about ~6 and 10 sec respectively. This selective response for tested gases could be interesting for fabrication of CNTs based methanol sensors.
Band Gap Tuning and ac Conductivity of Nanocrystalline Nickel Doped ZnO Synthesized by High Energy Ball Milling
Authors: Das Bikram Keshari , Das Tanushree , Parashar Kajal , Parashar S. K. S
Published: June 2018

In the present work, Ni doped ZnO nanoparticles (Zn1−xNixO, x = 0,0.01) has been synthesized by High Energy Ball Milling technique. The synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized by XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy and LCR meter. The XRD studies revealed that
the synthesized nanoparticles are single phase, hexagonal wurtize structure and belongs to a space group of P63 mc. There is shifting of most intense XRD peaks toward higher diffraction angle with Ni doping. The lattice parameter and average crystallite size decreases with Ni doping.
Doping of Ni reduces the band gap of ZnO. This is attributed to the sp-d exchange interaction between the ZnO band electrons and localized d electrons of Ni2+ ions. The ac conductivity increases with increase in temperature and frequency, but the value decreases with Ni doping.
Plasmonic Response of Individual Gold Nano-Octahedron Using Cathodoluminescence Spectroscopy and Imaging
Authors: Maiti Arpan , Maity Achyut , Chini Tapas Kumar
Published: June 2018

We performed cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy and imaging in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to investigate localized surface plasmon (LSP) assisted optical effects arising in the substrate supported single tilted gold octahedron of side edge length 170 nm. The site specific
e-beam excitation reveals a single resonant peak around 580 nm. Stronger photon emission is observed in the visible region from those corners and tip of the octahedron which are situated far from the substrate. The experimental results corroborate well with the finitedifference time-domain
(FDTD) numerical simulation. Using extensive FDTD simulation we also show that the observed radiative mode is higher order mode other than the dipolar mode and also discuss their dependency on the Si Substrate. Our findings provide a better understanding of the plasmon induced luminescence
from the octahedron nanoparticle at single particle level that might have far reaching consequences in various novel applications ranging from biological and chemical sensors to enhanced photovoltaic devices.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel Oxide Nanostructures by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Sathisha D , Naik K. Gopalakrishna
Published: June 2018

Nickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures were synthesized by hydrothermal method using ethylene glycol and double distilled water as solvent in 3:2 volume ratio. The synthesized nanostructures were characterized by XRD, FESEM, EDX, FTIR, and UV-visible spectroscopy. XRD result shows that the
synthesized nanostructures are polycrystalline in nature. FESEM images show the growth of NiO nanowires. The elemental compositions of the samples were analyzed by EDS. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirms the existence of Ni–O bond in the sample. Optical band gap
energy of about 3.71 eV was calculated from the UV-visible absorption measurement.
Junctionless Tunneling Nanowire for Steep Subthreshold Slope
Authors: Moni Jackuline , Sundari T. Jaspar Vinitha
Published: June 2018

Using standardized simulations, we report a meticulous learning of the Junctionless nanowire with tunneling mechanism and the dependence of Subthreshold slope on operational parameters by varying the channel diameter, Gate length and doping concentration using Synopsys Sentaurus TCAD
simulations. For the first time, Junctionless Nanowire in the company of tunneling architecture is proposed and explored. Our simulation study shows that a decrease in channel diameter and doping concentration results in higher band to band generation and steeper slope. Junctionless tunneling
nanowire of diameter 10 nm, gate length of 20 nm, and uniform doping concentration of 1e19 cm−3 obtains steepest Subthreshold swing of about 8 mV/dec (point) and 52 mV/dec (average), an on/off current ratio of 1010, on current of 10−5
A/um.
Ultrasonic Velocity and Heat Transfer Measurement of Binary Fluid (Diethyl Amine + Tetra Hydro Furan) and Hybrid CuO Nanofluid (CuO + Diethyl Amine + Tetra Hydro Furan)
Authors: Rohini B , Jeevaraj A. Kingson Solomon
Published: June 2018

Diethylamine (DEA)+Tetrahydrofuran (THF) Binary fluids and CuO+Diethylamine+Tetrahydrofuran Hybrid CuO nanofluids of various concentrations are prepared using ultrasonic assisted methods. Ultrasonic velocity, thermal conductivity and viscosity values of binary fluids and hybrid CuO
nanofluids are measured at temperatures ranging from 298 K to 318 K. Ultrasonic velocity can be used to calculate several acoustic parameters like Adiabatic compressibility (β), Inter molecular free length (Lf), Acoustical impedance (Z) which is very useful in
the study of molecular interactions in the binary base fluids and hybrid CuO nanofluids. From the ultrasonic velocity studies the weak interaction present in the binary base fluids and hybrid nanofluids is confirmed. Our experimental result shows that thermal conductivity and viscosity values
increases with the addition of CuO nanoparticle. The Brownian movement of the particle and inter particle forces between the molecules is responsible for the changes in thermal conductivity and viscosity.
Performance of Concrete with Waste Tyre and Nano ZrO2
Authors: Basak Sayandip , Santhi M. Helen , Ponraj Caroline
Published: June 2018

This paper presents the compressive strength of concrete which consists of 5% replacement of coarse aggregate with rubber aggregate, 25% replacement of cement with fly ash (Class C) and an additional amount of 0.2% of ZrO2 nanoparticles. The ZrO2 nanoparticles
were synthesized using gel combustion technique where zirconium oxynitrate was used as the precursor and citric acid as the fuel in the molar ratio of 1:1.5 respectively. The synthesized ZrO2 nano particles were characterized using X-ray diffraction and the average crystallite size
was found as 9.7 nm. Three types of mixes were taken into consideration; control mix (M40), rubber modified concrete mix and nano-rubber modified mix. The Scanning Electron Microscope imaging was done to study the morphology of the mixes. With the percentage of rubber aggregate replacement
mentioned above there was found to be a considerable decrease in the compressive strength but on incorporation of nano ZrO2 along with rubber aggregate it was found out that there was an increase in compressive strength which even surpassed the strength of conventional concrete.
Insulin Modulated Self-Assembled Nanostructures of IAPP Under Amyloid Disease State
Authors: Divakara Madhihalli Basavaraju , Kumar Chunchanakuppe Renukaprasad Ravi , Reddy Narendra , Santosh Mysore Sridhar
Published: June 2018

Insulin resistance is considered to be the most common cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D) wherein pancreatic β-cells cosecrete islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) with insulin and forms amyloid fibrils at low concentrations. Localization of IAPP between the secretory vesicle membrane
and the crystal inhibits IAPP fibrillation. Moreover, inhibition of monomeric insulin and lipid membranes accelerate the fibrillation of IAPP in vitro. The present work investigates the interactions in vitro between lipid-IAPP-insulin under amyloid disease state. Fluorescence
microscopy is used to investigate insulin’s effect on fibrillation of IAPP and to study the interactions of crystalline insulin with lipids and IAPP but revealed no significant interaction between IAPP and insulin. However, stable insulin-IAPP interactions are apparent in larger assemblies
of crystalline insulin or IAPP fibres favouring the chances of various physiological interactions between these two β-cell hormones. The atomic force microscopy and electron microscopy studies indicate that the assembling process of hIAPP fibre can be tuned by the large surface
of insulin. Also, the morphology of self-assembled nanostructures of hIAPP is modulated by the effect of insulin. These results are expected to offer a greater understanding of the interactions between insulin, lipids and peptides paving new dimensions in amyloid disease based therapeutics.
Comparative Study of POA-PVS-DBS-GOD Electrode in Acetate and Phosphate Buffers for Determination of Glucose
Authors: Savale P. A
Published: June 2018

In the present research work, the poly(o-anisidine)-polyvinyl sulphonic acid-dodecylbenzene sulphonic acidglucose oxidase (POA-PVS-DBS-GOD) electrode have been investigated. The silver electrode was used for the synthesis of poly(o-anisidine)-polyvinyl sulphonic acid-dodecylbenzene
sulphonic acid (POA-PVS-DBS) composite film using galvanostatic method with 0.2 M o-anisidine, 0.4:0.1 M PVS:DBS, 1.0 pH and 1 mA/cm2 applied current density at room temperature. The synthesized film was characterized by using electrochemical technique, conductivity measurement, UV-visible
spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Glucose oxidase (GOD) was immobilized on synthesized POA-PVS-DBS composite film by cross-linking via glutaraldehyde in acetate buffer and phosphate buffer. The Michaelis-Menten constant (K′m)
was determined for the immobilized enzyme. The POA-PVS-DBS-GOD electrode shows the maximum current response at pH 5.5 and potential 0.6 V. The sensitivity of POA-PVS-DBS-GOD electrode in acetate buffer and phosphate buffer has been recorded. The results of this investigation reveal that the
phosphate buffer gives faster response as compared to acetate buffer in amperometric measurements.
A Study on the Optimised Band Gap Tuning of Anodised TiO2 Nanotubes in Relation to Its Specific Tube Dimensions
Authors: Tenkyong Tenzin , Mona Rachel Mary , Jeyarani W. Jothi , Mary J. Sahaya Selva , Praveen B , Pugazhendhi K , Shyla J. Merline
Published: June 2018

We report the synthesis and characteristic analysis of well defined vertically oriented TiO2 nanotubes using potentiostatic anodisation method. This method allows precise design and control of the geometric features of the nanotube arrays, enabling a material to be moulded
with specific light absorption and propagation properties. Hence, in this work we studied the effect of applied potential on the nanotube dimensions. While the effect of the applied potential on the nanotube dimensions were found by the change in tube length and diameter, the effective change
in the light absorption properties were also observed corresponding to the change in band gap of the respective anodized sample. These outstanding observations were analyzed by using different characterization techniques such as Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Ultra-Violet
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-DRS) and Field effective Photoconductivity confirming the optical tuning of band gap corresponding to significant change in the specific nanotube dimensions.
Green Route Synthesis of MgO Nanoparticles Using Murraya Koenigii Leaf Extract: An Efficient Photo Catalyst for Malachite Green
Authors: Kumara K. N. Shravana , Nagaswarupa H. P , Mahesh K. R. Vishnu , Mylarappa M , Prashantha S. C , Siddeshwara D. M. K
Published: June 2018

The objective of this work is mainly focused on green synthesis and characterization of MgO nanoparticles by low temperature solution combustion method. The Murraya koenigii (Curry leaves) was used as a reducing agent (as fuel). The average size and crystallinity of nano MgO particles
are analyzed by X-ray Diffraction method (PXRD) and accurate morphology was studied using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). From XRD, shows that average particle size of MgO is 40 nm. The synthesized MgO particles used as an efficient catalyst shows
rapid color removal and reduction in the concentration of dyes.
Effective Elimination of Acid Red 88 from Aqueous Solution and Electrochemical Studies of rGO/AgO and rGO/CNT’s/AgO Based Nanocomposite
Authors: Siddeswara D. M. K , Mahesh K. R. Vishnu , Mylarappa M , Venkatesh T , Nagaswarupa H. P , Kumara K. N. Shravana , Kumar K. J. Rudresh , Raghavendra N
Published: June 2018

In the present study rGO is synthesized by using modified hummer’s method, which is used for the one pot synthesis of AgO incorporated rGO/AgO binary composite and multiwalled and AgO doped rGO/CNT’s/AgO ternary composite. As synthesized rGO, binary and ternary composites
were studied using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Elemental structure and surface morphology were examined using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). After characterization and confirmation of these compounds were used as a catalyst for the degradation
of Acid red-88 dye. The catalytic degradation by the catalysts were performed. Electrochemical studies for the binary and ternary composites were done and showed that the ternary composite acts as a good electrode material for the energy storage application.
Free Vibration Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Composite Conical Shell Panel Under Thermal Environment
Authors: Krishnan S. Yogesh , Caitanya A. K , Tripathy P , Kar V. R
Published: June 2018

The free vibration of carbon nanotube reinforced composite conical shell panel is examined under temperature field. In this analysis, single-walled carbon nanotube and poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctoxy-pphenylenevinylene) are used as fibre and matrix materials, respectively.
The material properties are considered as temperature-dependent. The effective material properties of carbon nanotube reinforced composite panel are evaluated through the extended rule-of-mixture. The finite element model is prepared using commercially available finite element tool ANSYS APDL.
An eight node Serendipity shell element (SHELL281) is used to discretize the present conical model. The displacement field is framed in the first-order shear deformation theory with six degrees of freedom. The Block Lanczos eigenvalue extraction method is used to obtain the frequency responses.
In order to obtain the appropriate mesh density for the said model, the convergence study is executed for various mesh sizes. The present results are compared and validated with the previously reported results. Finally, the influences of different parameters such as length-to-thickness ratio,
volume fraction and temperature on the frequency responses of the carbon nanotube reinforced composite conical shell panel are demonstrated through numerical illustrations. The results reveal that the frequency parameters of conical shell panel enhance with the volume fraction and the length-to-thickness
ratio, whereas reduce with the temperature value.
Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Based Indian Traditional Drug: Varatika Bhasma-Herbomineral
Authors: Rasheed Shebina P , Shivashankar Murugesh
Published: June 2018

Herbomineral is effective for a number of ailments from ancient times. Bhasma an effective herbomineral are highly potent, non-toxic and therapeutically beneficent medicines due to their unique method of preparation known as Samskara. Thereby by the metal particles are reduced to finer
and finer sizes. Bhasma prepared by herbs, mineral, and metals are incinerated to ash under supervised conditions Prepared bhasma are subjected to physiochemical characterization using modern technical like elementary analysis with EDAX, SEM.TEM, TGA, XRD, AAS, etc. These studies reveal that
Bhasma particles are in oxygen defective state and clearly noticeable particles fractions are in nanometre size range. These properties like oxygen defiant and nanoparticles in bhasma might disseminate therapeutic property.
Model Study of the Role of Impurity on the Ferromagnetic Order in Graphene-on-Substrate
Authors: Swain Rashmirekha , Sahu Sivabrata , Rout G. C
Published: June 2018

We report here a tight-binding calculation to investigate the effect of doping on the ferromagnetism in graphene supported by different substrates. The Hamiltonian consists of electron hoppings in the graphene upto third-nearest-neighbors. The substrate introduces in-equivalence in
the two sub-lattices of carbon in the honey-comb lattice. The strong Coulomb correlation between electrons at the sub-lattices produces ferromagnetic order in the system. The doping introduces further in-equivalence in the sub-lattices and is expected to stabilize the ferromagnetic order.
The Green’s functions are calculated by using Zubarev’s Green’s function technique. Finally the ferromagnetic magnetizations and hence the ferromagnetic gap are calculated from the electron correlations obtained from the corresponding electron Green’s functions. The
ferromagnetic gap equation is computed numerically and self-consistently by using 100 × 100 grid points of the electron momentum. The effect of doping on the temperature dependent ferromagnetic gap is investigated by varying different doping concentrations, impurity potential and Coulomb
energy.
Study of Reconfigurable Properties of DG-CNTFET with Different Oxide Material in Nanoscale Regime
Authors: Shailendra Singh Rohitkumar , Ramakrishnan V. N
Published: June 2018

As the scaling of Si MOSFET is approaching its limits, new alternative devices are coming up to overcome these limitations. CNTFET becomes one of the most promising candidates for Si MOS technology and its stunning performance opens a door of new possibilities in the field of nano-electronics.
Towards or beyond the end of international technology roadmap for semiconductor (ITRS) 2009, when MOS scaling will likely become ineffective and/or prohibitively costly, some version(s) of emerging devices will be needed if the industry has to continue to enjoy rapid improvements in performance,
lower power dissipation, cost per function, and higher functional density. In this paper, we have studied the effect of different oxide material and its thickness on the reconfigurable properties of DG-CNTFET up to 5 nm length scale. We used Non Equilibrium Green’s Function Method (NEGF)
and mode space method to simulate our device to study the effect of different oxide material at smaller length scale. For dielectric constant (K) = 11 and 16 the drain current starts saturating with gate voltage = 0.25 V. Whereas dielectric constant (K) = 25, the drain current
starts saturating with gate voltage = 0.20 V. Hence our simulation study shows that high dielectric constant material is better for CNTFET based device at few nanometer scale.
Secure Key Distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Umadevi K. S , Ghosh Arijit , Menon Anurag , Nanaware Mandar
Published: June 2018

Key distribution is an inevitable part of the wireless networks and is important for node identification and authentication and also is important for maintaining data confidentiality and integrity of the communication system. In this paper, the numerous key distribution algorithms already
implemented in the wireless sensor networks have been studied along with their architecture and their efficiency based on the various hardware constraints of WSN and the various attacks affecting the wireless networks like that of the DOS and node duplication attacks. On the basis of the study,
a new key distribution algorithm have been suggested to overcome the drawbacks of the other methods and has focused on the same in ad hoc networks so that it can be implemented in critical situations requiring random deployment of sensors in a dynamic environment. The authors have suggested
a symmetric key algorithm based on relative counters and timers which will be used to create exclusive pair keys from a master key provided by a trusted base station.
Associative Cluster Head Based Fault Recovery Method for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Umadevi K. S , Swathi H. R , Singhal Surbhi , Himanshu Shah Sohini
Published: June 2018

Due to growing interest in the usage of sensors, endorsed by variety of applications the wireless sensor network has attracted many researchers and industrialist. They addressed huge number of problems. Through the effective solutions it gave rise to new dimension to the problem. The
Wireless Sensor Networks are constructed using sensors, deployed in wide area which is limited by its capacity in terms storage, computing, communication and energy. So researchers faced quite number of issues in addressing the user requirement as well. To address communication related issues
LEACH protocol is used. LEACH uses clustering concept to address the above mentioned issue headed by Cluster heads and resulted good performance. The proposed work addresses the failure of Cluster Head and to continue smooth communication without any failure. This work aims to present the
associative cluster head and results shows comparatively good performance.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B by Hand-Made Screen Printed TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Sanal Aparna , Kannadassan D , Velmurugan V
Published: June 2018

Photocatalytic degradation by titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles has been studied at textile dyes in water. TiO2 nanoparticles prepared were hand printed on the glass substrate. Textile dye-Rhodamine B added in water is allowed to react with the sample on the
glass substrate under UV-VIS illumination for different intervals of time. Effective degradation of hazardous textile dye from aqueous solution by photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticle was observed. Also, surface features of the screen printed sample were analyzed using Optical
Microscopy and morphology by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Degree of dye degraded was characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy and results showed that the photocatalysis using TiO2 is a good alternative to textile wastewater treatment.
Effect of Lunasin Extract on Histopathology of Mice Induced with Azoxymethane and Dextran Sodium Sulfate: Focus on Small Intestine Changes
Authors: Christa Euginia , Kusmardi
Published: June 2018

Within the last decade, incidence of small bowel cancer has increased by more than fourfold. This number is predicted to steadily rise due to shift in diet and lifestyle. The primary and only definite therapy for small intestine cancer is radical segmental resection, which carries side
effects and risks during and after surgery. Current chemotherapy and neoadjuvant therapy do not exert significant result. Lunasin, a novel peptide originated from soybean, is believed to promote cellular health epigenetically and reduce inflammation. There is possibility for lunasin extract
to emerge as a new and effective adjuvant therapy for small intestine malignancies. A total of 20 Balb/c mice were divided into four groups. All mice were induced with azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate. For the next six weeks, each group was given different concentration of lunasin extract.
After eight weeks, the mice were sacrificed. The small intestinal tissue was harvested and stained using hematoxylin-eosin. The amount of hyperplasia, dysplasia, angiogenesis, inflammatory foci, and goblet cells were then observed under the microscope. There is significant difference in the
amount of dysplasia (p = 0.000) and angiogenesis (p = 0.009) among the groups that receive different concentrations of lunasin. However, there is no effect of lunasin administration to the amount of hyperplasia, inflammatory foci, and goblet cells. Nondose-dependent administration of lunasin
extract improves dysplasia and angiogenesis, but not other factors in small intestine carcinogenesis.
Effectiveness of Peer Education Using a Novel-Styled Book to Improve Post-Menarche Adolescents’ Menstrual Knowledge and Anxiety
Authors: Widayanti Retna Dwi , Rinawan Fedri Ruluwedrata , Gumilang Lani , Nirmala Sefita Aryuti , Wijaya Merry
Published: June 2018

Specific publications on interventions for anxiety in post-menarche adolescents are still very rare in Indonesia. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of peer education using a novel-styled book intervention, not only on anxiety but also on menstrual knowledge in post-menarche
adolescents. This quantitative study one group pre- and post-test pre-experimental design involved a population of 376 female students of SMP (Junior High School) Negeri 1 Rancaekek who had experienced menarche in the period of June–July 2017. Of the total population, 40 students were
selected as sample using the proportionate stratified random sampling method. The content and design of the novel-styled book were initiated based on results of an action research using in-depth interviews and focus group discussion, respectively. Intervention was delivered twice within 1
week. A menstrual knowledge questionnaire was designed based on the results of the in-depth interviews (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.807), while the anxiety was measured using Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (0.708). Data were then analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test with effect size (ES)
calculation. Improvement in the scores was seen for both menstrual knowledge and anxiety after intervention. The median score for menstrual knowledge increased from 60 (range: 35–80) to 90 (65–100), and the median score for anxiety decreased from 46.43 (35.71–85.71) to 32.14
(14.29–71.43), with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) for both. The intervention effect was found to be large (ES ≥ 0.5), which was reflected in increased menstrual knowledge (0.873) and decreased anxiety (0.830). Peer education using a novel-styled book is effective for improving
menstrual knowledge and anxiety in post-menarche adolescents.
Epidermal Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Improved Wound Healing of Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Ham Maria Francisca , Soewondo Pradana , Dien Saphora , Kusmardi Kusmardi , Kanoko Mpu
Published: June 2018

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a kind of chronic vascular complications in diabetes. Wound healing in DFU is a complex process where reduced proangiogenic growth factor is an important factor. We studied angiogenesis factors which may contribute to the healing of DFU. Twenty five type
2 diabetes patients with acute DFU were treated with hospital standard procedure and closely observed for 1 month. Biopsies from wound edges were subjected to histopathology assessment and immunohistochemical staining of CD34, bFGF and VEGF. All examination was performed two times consecutively.
We observed that granulation tissues developed faster at proximal site of the foot. Weak tissue VEGF was expressed before treatment. Interestingly, VEGF expression in epidermis increased significantly after patients received treatment. Increased VEGF is consistent with increased number of
CD34 positive endothelial cells. These data suggest that epidermal VEGF is an important angiogenesis factor and may improve healing in acute DFU receiving standard treatment.
First-Stage Long Buccal Mucosal Graft (BMG) Urethroplasty on Adult Failed Hypospadia Surgery Repair: Our Initial Experience
Authors: Satjakoesoemah Adistra Imam , Yuri Prahara , Hutasoit Yonas
Published: June 2018

Hypospadia is one of the most common congenital anomalies of male external genitalia and the only proper management for most cases is repair surgery. Nevertheless, initial hypospadia repair could end up failed, followed by subsequent various complications. BMG has gain popularity due
to its good long-term outcomes and favourable complication rates, especially for residual hypospadia. A 24-year-old male came to our outpatient department complaining his urethral orificium was located on the penile shaft since birth. He had a previous hypospadia repair surgery conducted by
non-urologist surgeon at the age of seven. Several months after the repair surgery, his penis slightly rotated to the right side and urine remain came out through the hole on his ventral penile shaft. We performed first-stage inlay BMG urethroplasty using a long (6×1 cm) and short (2×1
cm) graft patch. The graft patches were quilted in proximal-distally fashion rather than side-by-side. No scarring or contracture on the neourethral plate was noted during two months of follow-up. We have successfully performed our initial experience on first-stage inlay BMG urethroplasty
using a long and short graft patch. Within two months, the graft were completely take without any complications. The second-stage urethroplasty, consisting of tubularization and glansplasty will be performed 6 months after the first procedure.
Introducing Parents to Mobile Phone-Based Application of Child Emergency Situation and Homecare: A Trial in Real Primary Care Setting
Authors: Junadi P , Hikmahrachim H. G , Kinan N. H , Fitrinitia I. S , Suyanti E
Published: June 2018

Childhood period was a critical time for the growth and development. Thus, parents have the main role for early detection of emergency situation and give prompt homecare. The application (P3KIDS) consist of nine major sign and symptoms in pediatric care that guide parents to screen
emergency situation and give homecare recommendation. This is qualitative study using observation and in-depth interview. A parents seminar was held in two district in Depok City to introduce this application. At the end, each parents trial this application, mainly based on their previous
parenting experience. In-depth interview then conducted in ten selected parents to acquire their perspective in both health and technology perspective. Result: A total of 60 parents was participating, mostly aged 30 years above, high education level, and middle-to-high economic classes.
Previously, parents were less aware to several child emergency situation, mostly about trauma. This application was succesfully bridging their knowledge gap. Parents were enthusiast and willing to explore this application further. In-depth interview showed that this application help much in
recognizing child sign and symptom, easy to access, and provide reliable homecare recomendation. Among the burden of this application was several medical words and user interface. They agree that this application was helpful and applicable. Mobile phone-based application of child emergency
situation and homecare was well-welcomed and easily operated by parents. This is a promising medical technology innovation to empower parents and increase child health status. A further trial was needed in different community to evaluate its acceptability.
Is Pre-Operative Hormonal Therapy Has Positive Impact on Hypospadia Reconstruction Results?
Authors: Suyadnya I. Made , Wahyudi Irfan , Rodjani Arry
Published: June 2018

Reconstruction of hypospadias is still one of the most important surgical interventions. One of the difficulties in reconstructing the hypospadias is due to the small size of the penis. This Evidence Based Case Report will review the success of surgical action with androgen stimulation
with recommended hormonal therapy because it can stimulate the growth of the penis. A search was conducted on PubMed and Medline Fulltext. The selection of title and abstract was conducted using inclusion and exclusion criteria, which led to ten relevant journal. The selected studies were
critically appraised for its validity, importance and applicability. Out of ten studies, six studies showed improvement in length of penis and two studies reported increased transverse diameter of penis post hormonal therapy. Another two studies reported an increased in circumference of glans
penis. Three studies reported a success rate of the reconstruction range from 70%–89.2%. All studies have found that hormonal therapy before reconstruction can be safely used to improve the surgical outcome of hypospadi reconstruction surgery.
Manipulating the Gut Microbiota to Manage Obesity
Authors: Sunjaya Anthony Paulo , Sunjaya Angela Felicia , Kumala Meilani
Published: June 2018

Obesity has currently become a worldwide epidemic. Currently, lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery remains the only available armamentarium. However, lifestyle changes and pharmacotherapy resulted in variable outcomes and are often unsustainable. On the other hand,
advances in metagenomics and food biotechnology has reported the important role of gut microbiota in the complex pathophysiology of obesity and its possible role in treating it. This review aims to discuss the potential of manipulating gut microbiota to tackle obesity. Articles were obtained
through Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, High Wire and Elsevier Clinical Key using the keywords “obesity AND gut microbiota or synonyms.” Various studies have shown the interactions between gut microbiota, gut permeability and the immune system as a mechanism that links
diet, obesity and its comorbidities. There are currently several reported methods of manipulating gut microbiota namely, though probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and diet modification with varying outcomes based on the microbial strain affected and used. Studies have also proposed manipulating
gut microbiota as a way to prevent and manage obesity en-mass. Conclusions: Gut microbiota plays a great role in maintaining body’s energy balance. Manipulating gut microbiota has great potential to become a low cost and effective treatment for obesity and its prevention with
minimal side effects for long-term use. The various forms of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics currently available would be able to increase patient’s compliance and easiness in distribution. Better management of obesity would lead to a reduction in many comorbidities including heart
disease, stroke and diabetes.
Shock Prognostic Factors in Hospitalized Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Children
Authors: Satari Hindra Irawan , Mardani Rossy Agus , Gunardi Hartono
Published: June 2018

Various clinical manifestations, complex pathogenesis and different virus serotypes in diverse area make us difficult to predict course of disease, even the child admitted in early. Prognostic factors are very important to predict cases progressing to become DSS. Dengue shock syndrome
(DSS) occurs in 15.53% of Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients with 7.81% mortality rate. Aim: To explore the prognostic factors of shock in hospitalized DHF children regarding the new 2011 WHO dengue virus infection classification guideline. This was a retrospective study using
medical records of children age below 18 years old with WHO fulfilled grade 1 and 2 DHF diagnosis from January 2013–December 2016 in Child Health Department of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Independent variables were sex, age, nutritional status, secondary dengue infection,
leucopenia, abdominal tenderness, gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatomegaly and plasma leakage. Shock was dependent variable. Multivariate analysis was done by using logistic regresion analysis. There were 98 DHF subjects, 5 subjects became DSS during hospitalization. DSS subject characteristics
were age of >5 years old, female, malnutrition, abdominal tenderness, hemoconcentration ≥20%, secondary dengue infection, leucocyte ≥5.000 mm3 and thrombocyte <50.000 mm3. Multivaryate analysis showed malnutrition and hepatomegaly were prognosis factors of
DSS. Malnutrition and hepatomegaly were prognotic factors of dengue shock syndrome. Clinicians should be more aware with these factors when managed hospitalized DHF patients.
Role of Immunohistochemistry and Quantitative PCR in Detection of B-Cell Lymphoma Infiltration in Bone Marrow
Authors: Harahap Agnes Stephanie , Hardjolukito Endang S. R , Arwanih Elly Yanah , Bhat Naivedh , Ham Maria Francisca
Published: June 2018

Bone marrow infiltration of malignant lymphoma is essential for staging and prognosis, and could be detected by trephine biopsy. Using routine Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining alone cannot accurately identify infiltration of lymphoma in bone marrow, therefore alternative techniques
may be needed. Fifty-three bone marrow biopsies of B-cell lymphoma cases with age ranged from 29 to 74 year-old were included. Lengths of the bone marrow samples were measured and sent for routine HE and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Results were categorized into 3 groups; positive,
negative and equivocal. Twenty-three (43%) cases were eligible for quantitative PCR (qPCR) and monoclonal status was determined, based on the expression of kappa and lambda light chains. Bone marrow biopsies of varying lengths (range; 3 to 20 mm) were analyzed. There were no significant differences
between patient age and RNA result (p value 0.095) or bone marrow biopsy length and RNA result (p value 0.835). In 18 of 23 cases (78%), the IHC results in concordance with HE result. There were 5 cases showed definitive qPCR results. One case showed equivocal morphology by HE staining but
had negative IHC result. Another case showed positive lymphoma infiltration by HE staining but equivocal IHC result. Both cases showed monoclonal qPCR status. There was also another case with both negative HE and IHC staining showed consistent polyclonal qPCR result, as expected. These findings
provide evidence that HE and IHC staining alone were not accurate enough to confirm the infiltration of lymphoma in bone marrow. Combinations of multiple diagnostic techniques are necessary to detect minimal infiltration of B-cell lymphoma in bone marrow biopsy. To acquire reliable qPCR results,
the use of fresh tissue as resource of sample is recommended.
Safety of Polymer Clips in Laparoscopic Living Donor Nephrectomy: Indonesian Experience
Authors: Sidabutar Karina Evelyn , Hamid A. R , Rasyid Nur , Rodjani Arry , Wahyudi Irfan , Mochtar Chaidir A
Published: June 2018

To assess the reliability and safety of polymer clips for vascular control in laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy. We collected data retrospectively from all laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy performed in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Polymer clips was applied
for both renal artery and renal vein ligation. The incidence of polymer clip failure was recorded accordingly. Between November 2011 and August 2015, we evaluated 260 patients of laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy in a center. The left kidney was harvested from 219 (84.5%) patients. Multiple
renal arteries was discovered in 25 (9.6%) patients. For all cases we used polymer clips to control the renal artery (XL and L) and renal vein (XL). We placed 2 clips as proximal as possible to the aorta or caval vein. The median estimated blood loss was 100 (20–2000) ml. A blood loss
of 2000 ml occurred in one/case of clip dislodgement. The median time to clip (the length of time from first incision to renal artery clamping) was 155 (68–318) minutes. The median warm ischemic time (the length of time from clamping to cold ischemic time) was 3.01 (1.22–30.43)
minutes. There were 10 cases with warm ischemic time of more than 10 minutes. Three cases (1.2%) of clip failures occurred. One patient needed conversion to open surgery to achieve adequate vascular control. Two patients experienced improper locking of the polymer clips, necessitating clips
reapplication. The use of polymer clips for vascular control in laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy is reliable and safe when properly applied. However the evaluation of renal vascular stump after harvesting donor kidney is an important step to ensure the right placement and safety of polymer
clips.
Survey of Vitamin A, B1, B2, B6 and E Intake Among Pregnant Women in Jawa Barat
Authors: Wulandary T , Gumilang L , Astuti S , Nirmalasari S. A , Judistiani T. D
Published: June 2018

Micronutrient deficiency in pregnancy might causing a disability for the baby who will be born and causing maternal of fetal death. The data which declared an adequacy of vitamin intake in West Java rated in low level, according to that, the point of this research is to discover the
micronutrient intake for pregnant women in their first trimester in West Java region. This research is using descriptive approach, cut across method, secondary data and univariate data analysis. Besides, it is undertaken in July 2016 to February 2017 with a total of 176 respondents located
in Bandung, Sukabumi, and Cirebon. Pregnant women in West Java are indicated in vitamin intake deficiency during their first trimester, including vitamin E (100%), vitamin B1 (97,73%), vitamin B2 (97,16%), vitamin B6 (88,64%), and vitamin A (73,86%). Consumption rate of vitamin A in the amount
of 653,73 mcg, vitamin B1 0,45 mg, vitamin B2 0,66 mg, vitamin B6 1,06 mg and vitamin E 3,42 mg. The intake of vitamin A, B1, B2, B6 and E through food consumption for pregnant women in first trimester in West Java is mostly unfulfilled, therefore the following research should represent more
influence factors, so that the intervention can be done.
The Correlations Between Walking Analysis Parameters and Q1–Q4 Angles in the Experimental Animal Model of Sciatic Nerve Injury
Authors: Margiana Ria , Aman Renindra Ananda , Pawitan Jeanne Adiwinata , Jusuf Ahmad Aulia , Ibrahim Nurhadi , Wibowo Heri
Published: June 2018

In the study conducted by Margiana et al., 2015, it has been known that the angle parameters around the point which acts as the meeting point of the lines between the heel and the third fingertip and between finger one and finger five (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4) are strongly correlated with
Sciatic Functional Index (SFI), Tibial Functional Index (TFI) and Peroneal Functional Index (PFI) in experimental animals with normal walking function, however, whether these parameters can be used in cases of injury is unknown. This study aimed to prove that Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are correlated
with SFI, TFI and PFI. This experimental study used 36 Sprague-Dawley rats as the experimental animals that had been approved by the FKUI Ethics Commission. The Seddon 5 classification was done on the rats with end-to-end suture. The rats were allowed to walk in a hallway and different color
inks had firstly been given on each rat’s paws. After the formation of foot prints, the measurement of all parameters was made. The Spearman correlation (SPSS 23) analysis showed that there were correlations between SFI, TFI, PFI and Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4. The correlation coefficient range
(r) were categorized as medium correlation. The conclusion of the research that has been conducted is that there are significant correlations between Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 with SFI. Thus, Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 can be used as one of the predictors of walking function.
The Effect of Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure on Reduced-Glutathione Level in Rat Lung and Renal Tissues
Authors: Hardiany N. S , Asa A. A , Safirina D , Mulyawan W
Published: June 2018

Hypobaric hypoxia is basically a hypoxia condition experienced in high altitude commonly during flight, that increase reactive oxygen species (ROS). When hypoxia hypobaric does not undergo continuation or in other word, intermittent, it will cause adaptation response in a form of protection
mode into ROS. Moreover, ROS could be eliminated by reduced-glutathione (GSH) as an endogenous non enzymatic antioxidant. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia exposure on GSH level in rat lung and renal tissue. Lung and renal samples
were collected from 6–8 weeks old male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150–200 g, previously exposed 1–4 times to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia in 35,000 ft (1 minute), 25.000 ft (5 minute) and 18,000 ft altitude (25 minute). Afterwards, GSH level was calculated from lung and
renal extracts using the Ellman’s method. In lung tissues, GSH level was decreased in hypoxia 1×, 2×, 3×, 4× treatment, and were significant between the control–hypoxia 3×, control–hypoxia 4×, hypoxia 1×–hypoxia 3× and
hypoxia 1×–hypoxia 4×. On the contrary, GSH level was increased in renal tissues on hypoxia 1× and hypoxia 2× treatment compared to control. Nevertheless, GSH level was decreased after 3× treatment and found almost stabilized at 4× treatment of hypoxia
in renal tissues. Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia exposure affect GSH in rat lung and renal tissues with varying level as an adaptive response system.
Integrating Conflict Event Data
Authors: Donnay Karsten , Dunford Eric T. , McGrath Erin C. , Backer David , Cunningham David E.
Published: June 2018

The growing multitude of sophisticated event-level data collection enables novel analyses of conflict. Even when multiple event data sets are available, researchers tend to rely on only one. We instead advocate integrating information from multiple event data sets. The advantages include facilitating analysis of relationships between different types of conflict, providing more comprehensive empirical measurement, and evaluating the relative coverage and quality of data sets. Existing integration efforts have been performed manually, with significant limitations. Therefore, we introduce Matching Event Data by Location, Time and Type (MELTT)—an automated, transparent, reproducible methodology for integrating event data sets. For the cases of Nigeria 2011, South Sudan 2015, and Libya 2014, we show that using MELTT to integrate data from four leading conflict event data sets (Uppsala Conflict Data Project–Georeferenced Event Data, Armed Conflict Location and Event Data, Social Conflict Analysis Database, and Global Terrorism Database) provides a more complete picture of conflict. We also apply multiple systems estimation to show that each of these data sets has substantial missingness in coverage.