bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Information Management Tools in Architectural Dimensions
Authors: K Aravindhan
Published: November 2021

A knowledge systems design is a layer of learning modeling approach that focuses on applying generic Artificial Intelligence (AI) application approaches to a specific category of problem-solving activities. The consequences of 3 major approaches of the architectural dimension for the development of Knowledge Engineering (KE) tools are discussed in this study. The methodology is shown by a hierarchy of KE tools to enable systems management and knowledge development at the architectural design dimension, as well as architecture for controlling uncertainty through reasoning about actions. This article discusses architecture-dimension tools for KE. Knowledge architecture is a way of tailoring conventional AI problem-solving strategies to a specific set of activities. Architecture describes a certain kind of issue solution (e.g., diagnostic or reconfiguration) at a theoretical dimension above the application, indicating which parts of a problem class are fundamental to the issue and which are integration artifacts. An information system's design is a partial model in which certain choices are taken ahead of time to accommodate specific job characteristics. Many medical diagnostic systems, for example, evaluate data from the bottom up to identify "triggered" illness hypotheses, and then create top-down tasks to gather evidence for and against the hypotheses. Although it may be executed in a number of ways, the "trigger and acquire proof" cycle is an essential aspect of any design for the domain of clinical imaging activities.
A Survey on Biomedical Informatics for Computer-Aided Decision Support System
Authors: Gray Meilin
Published: November 2021

Biomedical computing for computer-aided biomedical diagnostics and the decision support system has developed a platform for the biomedical setting during the last few decades. As early as 1971, there were elaborate and basic applications of management information systems driven by biomedical informatics. According to a 1994 assessment, this field's literature stretches back to the 1950s. Medical decision is more challenging than ever for doctors and other caregivers due to the amount and complexity of contemporary patient information. This circumstance necessitates the application of medical computing technologies to evaluate data and formulate suggestions and/or forecasts to aid decision makers. Over the past two decades, healthcare informatics tools, such as computer-aided decision support, have grown indispensable and extensively employed. This article gives a quick overview of such technologies, their productivity applications and methodology, as well as the problems and directions they imply for the future.
Human safety issue in the context of contemporary challenges from the postmodern perspective
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Sprincean Serghei , Becciu Sorin ,   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

The current global crises, the health crisis and the information wars and their axiological aspects, have created risks and threats to the security of human beings and societies. The postmodern approach comes with a skepticism, subjectivism and relativism, a suspicion of the foundations of Western culture. Their systematic destruction, the use of language to promote an ideology becomes the source of chaos and decreases the degree of social cohesion in any society. The values of the postmodern world, tolerance and equality, come into conflfl ict with the traditional society that had at the top of the hierarchy a truth of a religious nature. The current COVID-19 crisis leads to a dangerous mutation of two state archetypal modelsT. Hobbes’s leviathan with C. G Jung’s devouring mother archetype, leads to a the limitation in rights and a degradation of the human being. In the curent information wars to ensure the security of the citizen, axiological immunization provides the way for global problems at the local level.
Media image management of people with disabilities on news sites of the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Moldova State University, Rusnac Ludmila
Published: November 2021

By conveying inclusive, non-discriminatory messages, the press helps its audiences to better perceive the particularities and needs of some social groups and to adopt a tolerant attitude towards them. Usually, the information is presented in news and reports, there is practically no material in which the topics are treated in depth, so the public and society in general know very little about the problems of these people. Th e vast majority of the material is news based on press releases, without going out in the territory and discovering other topics, maybe not of immediate actuality, but also important from the perspective of the social impact.
Teleworking between option and necessity: analytical reflections
Authors:   Ministry of Defense, Republic of Moldova, Solomon Oleg
Published: November 2021

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, accelerated global climate change and increased demands for work-life balance teleworking is becoming again a central and muchdiscussed subject in academic and non-academic circles. That is why, in this article, we are going to reanalyze the goal and role of teleworking phenomenon, its constituent elements, conditions, opportunities and vulnerabilities of this way of organizing flfl exible work for employers and employees (private and public sectors). Could telework be a solution for some difficulties which are challenging the world today?- another question for which will try to fifi nd the answer. Also, we are going to study if teleworking is used in the Republic of Moldova and how this is reflected in the national legislative frame, and how this is convergent to the specialized literature and European norms.
The efficiency of the political process in the Republic of Moldova in the context of increasing global threats in tearm of a realistic approach
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Braga Lilia
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the problem of political process and political participation in the Republic of Moldova. The author draws on the realistic concept of Danilo Zolo about the “social complexity” in the context of the post-industrial era in the studying of this issue. The author shows that the evolution of the political process in the Republic of Moldova reflects the global processes of democracy crisis, being a product of the modern age development. The author pays a special attention to the problem of political participation, concluding that such a problems like the COVID-19, finally remove demos from political life. Actually, the mane subject of the political process become the executive branch. The concentration of political power requires strengthening of the professionalism and of the responsibility of the management team.
The COVID-19 pandemic influences and implications on families with children
Authors:   National Institute for Economic Research, Republic of Moldova, Chistruga-Sinchevici Inga
Published: November 2021

The situation created by pandemic COVID-19 is uncertain and full of challenges for the population and especially for families with children. The article is written based on the study „ The COVID-19 pandemic impact on the family”, realized within the framework of the project „ The attenuation of the COVID-19 pandemic negative effects on the family „ implemented by the DRC. The applied research method was the sociological semi-structured interview with parents that have children under the age of 18. In the actual circumstances, the respondents have underlined that they experience the gravity of the situation and the essential consequences that started with the pandemic. According to the data of the study, some families face serious fifi nancial difficulties caused by the loss of jobs and decreases in income. The school and kindergartens shut down have produced a series of problems in our country concerning the provision of children with education, safe and qualitative care. The families don’t have all the abilities and necessary resources to adapt to new conditions, but the families have often adopted some strategies to confront the poor situation which didn’t always prove to be appropriate.
Family experience in managing distance education problems in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   National Institute for Economic Research, Republic of Moldova, Margarint Tatiana
Published: November 2021

In this article we aim to analyze how families manage to overcome the challenges of distance schooling in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic that comes with new requirements and options. We mention the difficult situation of families who find it difficult to ensure the necessary for online studies due to the precarious economic situation they are in, and/or large number of children in the family but also minimal knowledge to guide their children in terms of training and education. Parents talk about the technical means absent or insufficiently performing that they have, the absence of a personal space for students learning from home, etc. In these cases it is necessary to intervene in order not to leave any child out of education.
The indispensability of human interactivity in the context of the COVID-19 crisis
Authors:   Institute of History, Republic of Moldova, Perciun Andrei
Published: November 2021

This article is particularly relevant in the context of the implementation of remote work regime and online studies. The fact that you can be at work or in the classroom in a domestic context is a special privilege. However, we cannot overlook some of the shortcomings of this type of experience. In the case of teaching, we must not interpret knowledge as a sum of data that needs to be delivered to the recipient. Currently, the problem of information interference has almost disappeared. Knowledge is more than a sum of data. The social context and human interaction reveal the meaningful dimension of knowledge, and once the meaning is grasped - and in the case of the learning process the student - will be able to understand the purpose and applicability of knowledge. The vivacity of the layer of meanings is maintained due to the interaction between people. The requirement to maintain effective communication in the distance learning regime is a real challenge, first of all, for the teacher. In these circumstances the teacher risks becoming a data provider.
Issues related to the assistance provided by the World Bank as a modernization partner of the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Juc Victor , Stratan Iuliana ,   Moldova State University
Published: November 2021

This paper addresses the main issues of World Bank fifi nancing and development assistance in the modernization process of the Republic of Moldova. Investigations show that the country’s political decision-makers are dependent on the World Bank’s advice and sources of technical assistance. At the same time, the allocation of external assistance can work, depending on the country’s policies. This article illustrates how political instability, inconsistency and political support in the implementation of initiated reforms, the interruption of technical assistance from the Government had detrimental consequences on the development objectives proposed by the World Bank during the implementation of the Country Partnership Framework.
Volodymyr Zelensky: ressources et limites de la popularité (étude de cas basée sur les élections présidentielles en Ukraine, 2019)
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Peru-Balan Aurelia
Published: November 2021

Ukraine’s presidential election has given the electorate a new model of political leadership. Some political scientists rushed to identify him as a newly elected president of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelensky, as a model populist leader. ThTh e leader of the party created in the context of the presidential election, the „Servant of the People”, won over 73% of the vote. In January 2020, however, its rating dropped dramatically to over 21%. In this context, we set out to analyze the electoral and post-election rhetoric, the reasons for the depletion of popularity and trust in President Zelensky. The main factor did not allow President Zelensky to reiterate the performance of the 2019 presidential and parliamentary elections and in the 2020 local elections was the loss of popular sympathy, continued confrontations with opposition leaders, maintaining the tense situation in the Donbas region, the lack of effects of fighting initiatives. In the absence of local structures of the „Servant of the People”, the new charismatic government has not proved its effectiveness
The phenomenon of illegal migration in the context of the implementation of the ,,vaccination passport”
Authors:   ", Buzev Anatol ,   Alexandru cel Bun",   Military Academy, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has led a number of countries to introduce restrictive “isolation” policies to control the spread of infection. ,,Vaccination passports” have been proposed as a solution to mitigate the damage of such decisions and could be used in tandem with other policies and measures to control the spread of infection. This document would allow you to return to some normal activities, such as free travel and return to work. The introduction of ,,vaccination passports” raises a number of practical, ethical and security challenges. In this article, we try to analyze the challenges and risks of fraud in this type of document and their use in the context of illegal migration.
Transparency of the decision-making process during the Coronavirus pandemic
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Ciacir Irina , Subina Ecaterina ,   Hague University of Applied Sciences, Netherlands
Published: November 2021

2020 is a year of global change. The spread of the COVID-19 virus was an impetus for transformation. The entire globe confronts impediments hard-to-anticipate, but who endangers people’s life. This article refers to the transparency of the decision-making process in the pandemic period. Also, it is explained the communication problems that can appear in complicated situations between the public administration and the citizen. Both the authorities of the European Union, in general, and of the Republic of Moldova, in particular, encounter social problems, which must be resolved in a very short period. Many decisions must be made promptly and unforeseen. It is important that this process does not affect the quality of public services provided and does not infringe on the rights of citizens. Thus, the decision-making process must be transparent and accessible to citizens
The impact of migration processes on the labor market in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   National Institute for Economic Research, Republic of Moldova, Cotelnic Valentina
Published: November 2021

Economic transformations in recent years have produced changes in the social structure, as well as profound demographic changes, which have contributed to demographic aging and declining working age populations. Changes in the structure of the population, accompanied by migration have led to a reduction in the number of people employed, as well as to changes in the structure of employment. The study reveals that the socio-economic situation in the country, the imperfect evolution of the labor market, the diffifculty of securing a decent paying job, have put a signififi cant part of the population on the path of labor migration, which for many has become a necessity rather than a choice. At the same time, the remittances transferred in favor of individuals have become the only source of income for many households. All the above issues are current and, therefore, represent the topic of this research. The research was performed using comparative analysis methods, aided by graphs. Based on the results of this research, certain conclusions and recommendations were developed in order to promote a system of measures aimed at reducing labor migration, by applying sustainable socioeconomic development programs, which would contribute to the creation of new jobs.
The features of the influence of social institutions in the formation of children’s health at an early age
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Belinschi Irina
Published: November 2021

The formation of a child’s health in any society implies the process of correct socialization and adaptation. Th e main objective of the present article is to determine the features of social institutions with which children interact, starting from birth.
Identity approaches of the pandemic in Romanian philosophical literature
Authors:   Institute of History, Republic of Moldova, Bobina Gheorghe
Published: November 2021

The pandemic phenomenon produces at least two types of general reactions, some quite noteworthy. Some philosophers argue that now is not the time to think, but to help society in the war against the virus. This attitude is justified through the prudence given by the act of speculation and expresses a narrow and conformist conception of philosophy. On the other hand, there are philosophers who, however, demand an active involvement, stating that philosophy does not intend to replace the particular sciences, nor has claims to the domination and control of nature, or to reduce the real to meaningless and manipulative objectivity. In the Romanian philosophical literature, there are not too many attempts to propose an understanding of the current pandemic situation. Among the articles on sociological, political sciences, we highlight an attempt to identify the pandemic as a philosophical-political metaphor. Three philosophical-political metaphors of the Coronavirus disease are emphasized: Metaphorical Description 1: The State of Viral Exception. Emergency state. Metaphorical description 2: The symbolic precipitate of the postmodern condition. Metaphorical description 3: Biopolitics. An extensive essay dedicated to the various philosophical aspects of the pandemic is also analyzed, which contains several important compartments, starting with viruses, pandemics, Covid-19 and ending with predictions regarding the shift that occurs into the paradigm of social life.
PEMETAAN BUDAYA: ARSITEKTUR CINA DI DESA BABAGAN-LASEM JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Mandaka Mutiawati , Meidayanti Mustika Ni Wayan
Published: November 2021

Dari sekian banyak negara di dunia yang memiliki tingkat kebudayaan yang tinggi, Indonesia termasuk salah satu dari negara-negara tersebut. Banyak peninggalan bersejarah yang terdapat di wilayah Indonesia, salah satunya kebudayaan Cina. Cultural mapping merupakan sebuah pendekatan berbasis masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk mewujudkan pelestarian kawasan. Studi kasus yang diangkat pada cultural mapping kali ini adalah arsitektur Tionghoa di Desa Babagan Lasem. Lasem diangkat karena memiliki sejarah perkembangan salah satu permukiman Cina tertua di Indonesia. Tujuan paper ini adalah untuk mengetahuisejarah perkembangan kawasan Babagan, melakukan pemetaan arsitektur-arsitektur Tionghoa dan memberikan rekomendasi. Dengan pendekatan survey lapangan untuk pengambilan foto dan plot koordinat objek di lapangan dan didukung oleh data sekunder berupa penelusuran referensi-referensi terkait dengan desa Babagan Lasem. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan ada delapan bangunan yang dapat dimasukkan kedalam pemetaan arsitektur Tionghoa yang ada di Desa Babagan yaitu klenteng Gie Yong Bio, rumah Om King Liang, omah Kim Jong, gedung Hoo Hap, omah Batik Dinar, omah om Jun, omah kerabat Djarum, omah Batik Sekar Kentjana. Dengan mengetahui signifikansi sejarah pembentukan Desa Babagan melalui arsitektur dan tata ruangnya, diharapkan hasilnya dapat digunakan untuk pemetaan yang bermanfaat untuk pemerintah desa, Pokdarwis dan akademisi (mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan).
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, PERSONAL HYGIENE, AND OCCUPATIONAL HISTORY ON THE INCIDENCE OF DERMATITIS
Authors: Marniati Marniati , Silvia Putri Enda , Anwar Sufyan , Muliyani Itza , Sriwahyuni Susy , Khairunnas Khairunnas
Published: November 2021

The environment is a very influential factor in the incidence of dermatitis. Dermatitis is a skin disease that is acute, sub-acute/ or chronic caused by inflammation of the skin that occurs due to exogenous and endogenous factors. The problem in this study is the high prevalence of dermatitis in the community, reaching 623 cases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the analysis of the impact of environmental studies, personal hygiene, and work history on the incidence of dermatitis in the community in the Darul prosperous sub-district, Nagan Raya district. This research method is an analytic design with a Cross-sectional design. This research was carried out in December 2020 which became the population of people with Dermatitis with a sample of 86 respondents. This study was analyzed using univariate and bivariate, then tested by Chi-Square test. The results of the study after being tested stated that there was an influence of environment, personal hygiene, and work history on the incidence of dermatitis as evidenced by the P.value 0.05. The conclusion after analyzing the effect of the model on the impact of work history, personal hygiene, and the environment there is an influence on the incidence of dermatitis. Among all these variables the most powerful influence is the environmental variable. Suggestions to the Puskesmas to further improve policies in dealing with the incidence of dermatitis by approaching and empowering the community so that a dermatitis-free society is achieved.
Novi pristup istraživanju rimske putne komunikacije Salona – Servitium / A new approach to the research of the Roman road Salona – Servitium
Authors: Popović Goran
Published: November 2021

Menas was a slave of Pompey the Great, but we cannot precisely determine the date when he became enslaved. During proscriptions in 43 BC, he escaped from Rome to Sicily and joined the navy of Pompey’s younger son, Sextus. History remembers him only as a pirate, robber, and traitor of Sextus. However, this judgement is not completely fair and it carries a significant amount of contempt due to the impression of ancient writers. The modern historiography did not provide us any books or articles regarding Menas, meaning that we actually do not have an objective view of him. That is what this paper is all about – so we could, sine ira et studio, gain a proper opinion based on facts and particularities of the given period (c. 48-36 BC).

In this paper, the author offers different views of Menas’s actions and reasons. The emphasis is on a few key issues: discussion about the end of his slavery and becoming a commander in Sextus’s navy, the role of Menas in strengthening the navy, and betrayal of Sextus Pompey for joining Octavian’s cause. The latter is an assertion that it was not betrayal per se, but carefully planned operation, which even deceived contemporaries.
Analisis Laporan Keuangan dengan Menggunakan Metode RGEC pada Perusahaan Perbankan Konvensional
Authors: Viegas Mario , Ratih Suklimah
Published: November 2021

In choosing a banking company to use the producers and services of the banking company. It is important to note that the selection of a bank is not only based of the fame on the bank or the presence of acquaintances or family members who work in the company. However, the selection of a good and correct bank is to look at the soundness of the bank. Therefore, this study aims to determine the soundness of conventional banking companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange in 2016 - 2019. The method used in sampling is purposive sampling, especially for banks that are included in book 4 so that researchers get 6 banking companies that in accordance with the criteria in 2016 - 2019. The research technique used by the researcher is to calculate the ratio based on the RGEC method. The result of this study indicates that 3 out of 6 conventional banks have a very healthy level of health and the other 3 banks have a healthy level of health.
Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan Manajerial, Leverage, Kompensasi Bonus dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Manajemen Laba
Authors: Oktavia Rachael
Published: November 2021

Earnings Management is one of the efforts made by companies to manipulate the numbers in the financial statements so that the company's financial statements can be seen in good condition for investors and other stakeholders. This study aims to determine the effect of managerial ownership structure, leverage, bonus compensation and company size on earnings management in manufacturing companies listed in BEI 2017-2019. The sampling method in this study used purposive sampling so that the researchers found 55 companies that match the criteria in 2017- 2019, so that this study analyzed as many as 165. The testing technique in this research is in the form of classical assumption test, normality test, autocorrelation test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, determination coefficient test and T test. The results of the study indicate that Managerial Ownership Structure, Leverage, Bonus Compensation and Company Size do not significantly influence earnings management.
Evaluasi Pemberlakuan Hak yang Tidak Didapat Narapidana Seumur Hidup pada Lapas Kelas I Surabaya
Authors: Rofi Triatmaja Yahya , Subroto Mitro
Published: November 2021

Each type of violation has its own term of punishment. For crimes such as theft and robbery, it ranges from 5 – 10 years in prison. However, it is different with the act of drug abuse and murder which gets a life sentence. For those who are still laymen, life imprisonment means that the convict spends the rest of his life in a correctional institution. But in reality it is not so. Life sentences range from 20-25 years. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. In this approach, the research procedure produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from the observed people and observed behavior. The qualitative approach is carried out in natural conditions and is discovery. In a qualitative approach, the researcher is the main instrument. This approach is used to review the quality of the implementation of rights that are not obtained by life inmates in Class I prisons in Surabaya, the results are then described in detail. Data collection techniques used were interviews to obtain information on the implementation of rights that were not obtained by lifelong prisoners and documentation to obtain references. The results of this study are in the form of an explanation of the implementation of rights that are not obtained by lifelong prisoners at the Class I prison in Surabaya.
The influence of particleboard resination on their internal bond strength
Authors: Rzyska-Pruchnik Stella , Kowaluk Grzegorz
Published: November 2021

The influence of particleboard resination on their internal bond strength. The aim of the project was to investigate the main mechanical and physical properties of particleboards, especially focused on internal bond, in terms of their resination. For the tests, the particleboards have been produced in laboratory conditions with the following glue content: 7, 10, 15, 30 and 50%. Particular attention was paid for examining the mechanical property – tensile strength perpendicular to surfaces (Internal Bond – IB). In addition, there were investigated modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) density and density profile. In the light of above mentioned tests, there is no positive effect of improvement of tested parameters when raise resination over 30% when producing particleboards. With the resination increase from 7 to 50% a significant change (densification) of panels’ structure, as well as differences between face and core layers density have been found.
Comparison of the History of Food Intakes of Diabetic, Hypertension, and Heart Disease Patients with Clinical Symptoms of COVID-19 and Asymptomatic Controls
Authors: Mohseni Houra , Amini Shirin , Abiri Behnaz , Kalantar Mojtaba
Published: November 2021

Background: In recent months, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global health challenge. Nutrition is a determining factor for health. Objectives: In the present research, we assessed and compared dietary food groups and nutrient supplements intake of diabetic, hypertensive, and heart disease patients with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and asymptomatic controls. Methods: This retrospective case-control research was conducted on 98 patients with diabetes, hypertension, and/or heart disease, of whom 37 cases were COVID-19 positive with clinical symptoms. Dietary intakes of participants were recorded using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), which was designed and validated for the Iranian population. Results: We found that 54% of all subjects had consumed nutritional supplements in the last six months, and there was no significant difference in the type of nutritional supplements between cases and controls. There was no significant difference in the median intake of food groups in the last year in patients with metabolic syndrome and clinical symptoms of COVID-19 compared to controls. The CRUD odds ratio (OR) showed that adequate consumption of any food group was not associated with the occurrence of COVID-19. Conclusions: Although dietary intake and nutritional supplements are effective in preventing clinical symptoms of COVID-19, up to now, adequate data are available for recommending these supplements above the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19.
Factors Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Due to Rhinovirus/Enterovirus Complex in Children and Their Comparison with Those of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Authors: Fernandez-Sarmiento Jaime , Corrales Silvia Catalina , Obando Evelyn , Amin Jennifer , Bastidas Goyes Alirio , Barrera Lopez Pedro A , Bernal Ortiz Nicolas
Published: November 2021

Background: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of five worldwide. Objectives: The objective of this research was to describe the main characteristics of hospitalized patients with ARTI caused by the rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV) complex and the risk factors associated with severe infection. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study in patients from one month to 18-years-old who had been hospitalized for ARTI between October 2015 and December 2019 at Fundación Cardioinfantil in Bogotá, Colombia, and had had an RT-PCR viral panel during their hospitalization. Rhinovirus/enterovirus infection was characterized to identify factors associated with disease severity as compared to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). A multivariate analysis was performed, controlling for confounding factors, to identify groups at risk of developing associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Results: During the study period, 645 RT-PCRs were performed, with the two main etiological agents identified being RV/EV (n = 224) and RSV (n = 68). The median age of patients with the RV/EV complex was 27 months (IQR: 8 - 70), and seven months for those with RSV (IQR: 2 - 11). Severe RV/EV complex infections required more transfers to intensive care (47% vs. 11%), showed more viral coinfection (OR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.42 - 4.64), and had less bacterial coinfection (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.31 - 0.98) than RSV infections. The RV/EV group had a higher risk of developing ARDS (OR: 3.6, 95% CI: 1.07 - 12:18), especially in premature infants (P: 0.05; exp(B), 2.99; 95% CI = 1.01 - 8.82), those with heart disease (P: 0.047; exp(B), 2.99; 95% CI = 1.01 - 8.82), and those with inborn errors of metabolism (P: 0.032; exp(B), 5 - 01; 95% CI = 1.15 - 21.81). A total of 13 patients from both study groups died (4.5%), with no differences found between the groups (RV/EV 54% vs. RSV 46%; P = 0.3). Conclusions: Respiratory infection due to RV/EV in children can frequently be severe, requiring management with intensive care therapy. When compared to RSV, this complex is more frequently associated with the development of ARDS, especially in risk groups such as those with prematurity, heart disease, or inborn errors of metabolism.
Form, exform, and information in public space
Authors: Tin Mikkel B.
Published: November 2021

If the urban tissue can be compared to a verbal text, how appropriate, then, do the linguistic disciplines prove in urban studies? This article briefly shows how morphology (Oliveira, 2016) and semantics (Benveniste, 1971) help us understand the city’s physical structures as well as the meaning these structures embody. Then follows a more substantial discussion of poetics (Ricœur, 1991) and its relevance to research on art in public space. An artistic intervention in public space may in fact appear as a poetic trope within the prosaic context of the city (De Certeau, 1988). Interrupting the smooth run of the urban machinery, it may re-inform what has become redundant. Thus, Marianne Heske’s House of Commons not only questions our definitions of form and exform (Bourriaud, 2016); in-forming an ex-form, it also questions the power of definition and other power structures inherent in the cityscape.
Feds focus on naloxone and fentanyl test strips, blame COVID‐19 for OD increases
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: November 2021

Last week, the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced that the predicted overdose death count for the 12‐month period ending April 2021 is more than 100,000. That's one death every five minutes, said Rahul Gupta, M.D., director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), at a Nov. 17 press briefing with the heads of the CDC, the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).
Metal–Organic Frameworks‐Based Fabry−Pérot Cavity Encapsulated TiO2 Nanoparticles for Selective Chemical Sensing
Authors: Li Zhihuan , Liu Jianxi , Yi Xiaobin , Wu Wei , Li Fanfan , Zhu Zhenkang , Li Haiqi , Shi Junqin , Xu Yadong , Zhou Feng , Liu Weimin
Published: November 2021

This paper reports a Fabry−Pérot (F–P) cavity constructed by metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) encapsulated with TiO2 nanoparticles that can achieve selective sensing of chemicals. The MOFs‐based F–P cavity is fabricated by sequentially spray‐coating TiO2 in HKUST‐1 thin films through a layer‐by‐layer deposition strategy. The bandwidth of the cavity is tuned over a broad range by adjusting the thickness and refractive index of the HKUST‐1⊃TiO2 thin films with controllable TiO2 size and concentration. Selective sensing of chemical vapors is demonstrated on the HKUST‐1⊃TiO2 cavities which are attributed to enhanced interaction between hydroxyl groups on the surface of TiO2 and the specific oxygen‐containing analytes. In addition, molecule dynamics simulation and infrared absorption spectrum characterization are conducted to elucidate the mechanism of enhanced sensing properties. Homogeneous encapsulation of functional guest pieces with smaller sizes in MOF films contributes to specific physical–chemical properties that benefit their device applications in optical communication and chemical sensing.
Two‐Photon 3D Laser Printing Inside Synthetic Cells
Authors: Abele Tobias , Messer Tobias , Jahnke Kevin , Hippler Marc , Bastmeyer Martin , Wegener Martin , Göpfrich Kerstin
Published: November 2021

Toward the ambitious goal of manufacturing synthetic cells from the bottom up, various cellular components have already been reconstituted inside lipid vesicles. However, the deterministic positioning of these components inside the compartment has remained elusive. Here, by using two‐photon 3D laser printing, 2D and 3D hydrogel architectures are manufactured with high precision and nearly arbitrary shape inside preformed giant unilamellar lipid vesicles (GUVs). The required water‐soluble photoresist is brought into the GUVs by diffusion in a single mixing step. Crucially, femtosecond two‐photon printing inside the compartment does not destroy the GUVs. Beyond this proof‐of‐principle demonstration, early functional architectures are realized. In particular, a transmembrane structure acting as a pore is 3D printed, thereby allowing for the transport of biological cargo, including DNA, into the synthetic compartment. These experiments show that two‐photon 3D laser microprinting can be an important addition to the existing toolbox of synthetic biology.
Reconfiguring Colors of Single Relief Structures by Directional Stretching
Authors: Ruan Qifeng , Zhang Wang , Wang Hao , Chan John You En , Wang Hongtao , Liu Hailong , Fan Dianyuan , Li Ying , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Yang Joel K. W.
Published: November 2021

Color changes can be achieved by straining photonic crystals or gratings embedded in stretchable materials. However, the multiple repeat units and the need for a volumetric assembly of nanostructures limit the density of information content. Inspired by surface reliefs on oracle bones and music records as a means of information archival, here, surface‐relief elastomers are endowed with multiple sets of information that are accessible by mechanical straining along in‐plane axes. Distinct from Bragg diffraction effects from periodic structures, trenches that generate color due to variations in trench depth, enabling individual trench segments to support a single color, are reported. Using 3D printed cuboids, trenches of varying geometric parameters are replicated in elastomers. These parameters determine the initial color (or lack thereof), the response to capillary forces, and the appearance when strained along or across the trenches. Strain induces modulation in trench depth or the opening and closure of a trench, resulting in surface reliefs with up to six distinct states, and an initially featureless surface that reveals two distinct images when stretched along different axes. The highly reversible structural colors are promising in optical data archival, anti‐counterfeiting, and strain‐sensing applications.
Reaction of Indole‐2‐Carboxylates/Carboxylic Acids with Propargylic Alcohols: Dearomative Ring Expansion/Spirocyclization vs Fused Pentacyclics
Authors: Shankar Mallepalli , Anasuyamma Uruvakili , Swamy K. C. Kumara
Published: November 2021

Dearomative ring expansion/spirocyclization of indole‐2‐carboxylates with propargylic alcohols bearing electron‐withdrawing aromatic groups in the presence of PTSA leading to spiro[benzo[b]oxazine‐furans] via oxygen insertion along with dihydrocyclopenta[e]indole‐2‐carboxylates is developed; the same reactants under moderately high temperatures, afford fused pyrano‐indolones. In contrast, copper(II) catalyzed annulation of indole‐2‐carboxylic acids with propargylic alcohols at room temperature provides rapid access to a different class of pentacyclic indene fused pyrano‐indolones.

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Benchmarking the Computational Costs and Quality of Vibrational Spectra from Ab Initio Simulations
Authors: Taherivardanjani Shima , Elfgen Roman , Reckien Werner , Suarez Estela , Perlt Eva , Kirchner Barbara
Published: November 2021

The scaling behavior of ab initio molecular dynamics simulations for the different size bulk systems of liquid methanol is presented and thereby the characteristics of every system performing on either a local compute cluster or a supercomputer are analyzed. Additionally, the influence of different parameters on the quality of the infrared and Raman spectra is investigated using different simulation frameworks, including time step, convergence criteria, density functional approximation, and basis set. Both the maximally localized Wannier functions and the radical Voronoi tessellation approaches are employed to evaluate vibrational spectra from the trajectories. The results of infrared and Raman spectra are classified in two frequency regions, 500 to 1600 cm−1 and 2500 to 4000 cm−1, in order to compare and discuss the experimental spectra and the results derived from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations comprehensively. The outcome of this study guides future experimental and theoretical researchers in order to acquire a profound perception into vibrational spectra, which evolves the way of elucidating molecular structure.
Molecular and clinical characterization of transient antithrombin deficiency: A new concept in congenital thrombophilia
Authors: Bravo‐Pérez Carlos , de la Morena‐Barrio María Eugenia , de la Morena‐Barrio Belén , Miñano Antonia , Padilla José , Cifuentes Rosa , Garrido Pedro , Vicente Vicente , Corral Javier
Published: November 2021

Antithrombin deficiency, the most severe thrombophilia, might be underestimated, since it is only investigated in cases with consistent functional deficiency or family history. We have analyzed 444 consecutive, unrelated cases, from 1998 to 2021, with functional results supporting antithrombin deficiency in at least one sample. Plasma antithrombin was evaluated by functional and biochemical methods in at least two samples. SERPINC1 gene was analyzed by sequencing and MPLA. Hypoglycosylation was studied by electrophoresis and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In 260 of 305 cases (85.2%) with constitutive deficiency (activity < 80% in all samples), a SERPINC1 (N = 250), or N‐glycosylation defect (N = 10) was observed, while 45 remained undetermined. The other 139 cases had normal antithrombin activity (≥ 80%) in at least one sample, what we called transient deficiency. Sixty‐one of these cases (43.9%) had molecular defects: 48 had SERPINC1 variants, with two recurrent mutations (p.Ala416Ser[Cambridge II], N = 15; p.Val30Glu[Dublin], N = 12), and 13 hypoglycosylation. Thrombotic complications occurred in transient deficiency, but were less frequent, latter‐onset, and had a higher proportion of arterial events than in constitutive deficiency. Two mechanisms explained transient deficiency: The limitation of functional methods to detect some variants and the influence of external factors on the pathogenic consequences of these mutations. Our study reveals a molecular defect in a significant proportion of cases with transient antithrombin deficiency, and changes the paradigm of thrombophilia, as the pathogenic effect of some mutations might depend on external factors and be present only at certain timepoints. Antithrombin deficiency is underestimated, and molecular screening might be appropriate in cases with fluctuating laboratory findings.
Ligand‐ and Additive‐Free CuCl2‐Catalyzed para‐C−H Alkylation of Aniline Derivatives via Carbene Insertion
Authors: Gao Lei , Liu Sheng , Wang Zi‐Chao , Mao Yongjun , Shi Shi‐Liang
Published: November 2021

Transition metal‐catalyzed C−H insertion reaction is a straightforward strategy to realize the direct functionalization of electric‐rich (hetero)arenes. The known methods generally require metal catalysts chelating with well‐defined ligands and the use of additives; a simple and practical catalytic system is still needed. We herein report a ligand‐ and additive‐free, CuCl2‐catalyzed highly selective para‐C−H carbene insertion of aniline derivatives using α‐aryl‐α‐diazo esters. A diverse array of 1,1‐diarylacetates were obtained in high yields with excellent chemo‐ and regioselectivity.
In‐depth examination of hyperproliferative healing in two breeds of Sus scrofa domesticus commonly used for research
Authors: Funkhouser Colton H. , Kirkpatrick Liam D. , Smith Robert D. , Moffatt Lauren T. , Shupp Jeffrey W. , Carney Bonnie C.
Published: November 2021

Background

Wound healing can result in various outcomes, including hypertrophic scar (HTS). Pigs serve as models to study wound healing as their skin shares physiologic similarity with humans. Yorkshire (Yk) and Duroc (Dc) pigs have been used to mimic normal and abnormal wound healing, respectively. The reason behind this differential healing phenotype was explored here.

Methods

Excisional wounds were made on Dc and Yk pigs and were sampled and imaged for 98 days. PCR arrays were used to determine differential gene expression. Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores were given. Re‐epithelialization was analyzed. H&E, Mason's trichrome, and immunostains were used to determine cellularity, collagen content, and blood vessel density, respectively.

Results

Yk wounds heal to a “port wine” HTS, resembling scarring in Fitzpatrick skin types (FST) I‐III. Dc wounds heal to a dyspigmented, non‐pliable HTS, resembling scarring in FST IV–VI. Gene expression during wound healing was differentially regulated versus uninjured skin in 40/80 genes, 15 of which differed between breeds. Yk scars had a higher VSS score at all time points. Yk and Dc wounds had equivalent re‐epithelialization, collagen disorganization, and blood vessel density.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that Dc and Yk pigs can produce HTS. Wound creation and healing were consistent among breeds, and differences in gene expression were not sufficient to explain differences in resulting scar phenotype. Both pig breeds should be used in animal models to investigate novel therapeutics to provide insight into a treatment's effectiveness on various skin types.
Refractory gastric ulcer due to undisclosed use of topical diclofenac epolamine patches
Authors: Oda Yuta , Naito Hiromichi , Nojima Tsuyoshi , Nakao Atsunori
Published: November 2021

Background

Topical forms of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been created to lessen systemic adverse effects. In general, they are believed to be well tolerated and appropriate for use as an over‐the‐counter (OTC) drug.

Case Presentation

A 68‐year‐old woman visited our clinic due to tarry stool. The patient reported multiple episodes of recurrent bleeding from a gastric ulcer for 2 months and was treated with endoscopic hemostatic clipping. The patient disclosed she had been using a large number of diclofenac patches for more than 3 months. The patient was treated conservatively by discontinuation of diclofenac patches and treatment with a proton pump inhibitor and omeprazole.

Conclusion

In conclusion, inappropriate use of topical NSAID patches can be a cause of peptic ulcer bleeding. Patients reporting multiple episodes of recurrent bleeding from a gastric ulcer should be questioned, particularly about the use of OTC medications that might include topical NSAID patches.
Synthesis, luminescence, and excited‐state absorption properties of disubstituted perylene diimide derivatives modified at bay region
Authors: Cheng Qian , Chen Zhiyuan , Zhang Qing , Zhu Senqiang , Liu Rui , Zhu Hongjun
Published: November 2021

Three A–π–A or D–π–D perylene diimide (PDI) derivatives with varied groups on π‐conjugate were synthesized and characterized. The photophysical properties of these compounds were systematically studied by spectral experiments and density functional theory calculations. All compounds displayed intense absorption bands at 300–800 nm wavelengths. However, diverse groups on the π‐conjugate influenced the UV–vis absorption. Electron‐withdrawing groups on PDI‐2 caused a slight red shift at the 350–400 nm wavelength and a blue shift after 400 nm wavelength. At the same time, the electron‐donating substituents on PDI‐3 caused an obvious red shift of this band. These PDI derivatives exhibited emission in solution at room temperature (λem = 500–850 nm). The quantum yield of PDI‐3 decreased, while the electron‐donating substituents were introduced to the π‐conjugated motifs. However, the quantum yield of PDI‐2 increased when electron‐withdrawing substituents were introduced to the π‐conjugated motifs. In addition, PDI‐1 and PDI‐2 exhibited broad triplet transient absorption in the visible region. These photophysical properties could help us to understand the relationship between structure and photophysical properties of perylene diimide derivatives and exploit more original perylene diimide‐based optical functional materials.