bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Betriebsparallele Simulationsanwendungen
Authors: Kain Sebastian , Frank Timo , Merz Martin , Schiller Frank
Published: May 2018

Anlagen mit ihren Maschinen stellen hochkomplexe Systeme dar. Steigender Wettbewerb und maßgeschneiderte Fertigung nach Kundenwunsch selbst bei geringen Stückzahlen erfordern die effiziente Nutzung der vorhandenen Ressourcen, um Wirtschaftlichkeit zu erreichen. Mit Simulationsverfahren kann das Anlagenverhalten analysiert und auf Gütekriterien und Optimierungspotenzial im Betrieb untersucht werden. Vorgestellt wird eine Klassifikation betriebsparalleler Simulationsverfahren, die die systematische Analyse des Anlagenverhaltens erlauben und die Auswahl einer dazu passenden betriebs- und anlagenspezifischen Simulationsanwendung ermöglicht.
Agiles Testen von cyber-physischen Produktionssystemen
Authors: Thoennessen David , Kowalewski Stefan
Published: May 2018

Vernetzte und während der Betriebszeit veränderliche Produktionssysteme stellen besondere Herausforderungen an das Testen der dazugehörigen Steuerungssoftware. Zur Absicherung der Änderungen kann es notwendig sein, auch während des Betriebs erneut Tests durchzuführen. Um dabei längere Stillstände zu vermeiden, ist es wünschenswert, dass auch die entsprechenden Testfälle schnell adaptiert und ausgeführt werden können, in diesem Sinne also agil getestet werden kann. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen Ansatz für Hardware-in-the-Loop-Tests (HiL-Tests) von SPS-Software vor, bei dem die Testfälle und Akzeptanzkriterien mit Hilfe von leicht erweiterten SPS-Sprachen spezifiziert werden. Auf diese Weise wird der sonst beim Einsatz dedizierter Test-Sprachen und entsprechenden Werkzeugen zu beobachtende „Methodenbruch“ vermieden. Unsere These ist, dass dies zu schneller und sicherer änderbaren Testfallbeschreibungen führt und damit die gewünschte Agilität schafft.
Modellierung manueller Arbeit an bewegten Objekten
Authors: Komenda Titanilla , Malisa Viktorio , Leidholdt Wolfgang
Published: May 2018

Digitale Menschmodelle werden bereits zur präventiven, ergonomischen Absicherung von manuellen Tätigkeiten herangezogen. Bislang beschränkt sich der Funktionsumfang dieser Modelle jedoch auf die Analyse von Arbeiten an statischen Objekten. Die simulationsbasierte Verrichtung von Arbeiten an bewegten Objekten ist besonders im Rahmen einer simulationsgestützten Planung kollaborativer Szenarien von Interesse. Im Beitrag werden relevante Einflussfaktoren für manuelle Arbeiten an bewegten Objekten definiert, auf deren Basis Modelle für die Simulation von Mensch-Maschine-Kollaboration weiterentwickelt werden können.
LIMITES CRÍTICOS DE NDVI PARA ESTIMATIVA DO POTENCIAL PRODUTIVO DO MILHO
Authors: VIAN ANDRÉ LUIS , BREDEMEIER CHRISTIAN , SILVA PAULO REGIS FERREIRA DA , SANTI ANTÔNIO LUIS , SILVA CECÍLIA PAZ GIORDANO DA , SANTOS FRANCIANE LEMES DOS
Published: May 2018

RESUMO - A estimativa do potencial produtivo da cultura do milho ao longo do ciclo de desenvolvimento é uma das novas práticas agrícolas que vêm sendo utilizadas para qualificar o manejo da cultura. Neste sentido, destaca-se a inserção de sensores de vegetação, com a finalidade de realizar o monitoramento do desenvolvimento e da condição nutricional da cultura ao longo do seu ciclo. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar os limites críticos do Índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada (NDVI) para a determinação de classes de potencial produtivo do milho em diferentes estádios fenológicos, utilizando sensor óptico ativo de vegetação (Greenseeker). O experimento foi conduzido na EEA/UFRGS, durante a safra agrícola 2013/2014. Os tratamentos consistiram de diferentes épocas de dessecação da aveia branca (Avena sativa L.) antes da semeadura da cultura do milho. As avaliações com o sensor óptico ativo foram realizadas nos estádios fenológicos V3, V5, V6, V7 e V8. Os resultados mostraram que o NDVI medido pelo sensor Greenseeker foi eficiente na predição da produtividade de milho em diferentes estádios fenológicos. Os limites críticos de NDVI, os quais correspondem a diferentes classes de potencial produtivo, podem ser identificados de maneira rápida e precisa entre os estádios fenológicos V3 a V8 e esta informação pode ser empregada para a adubação nitrogenada em taxa variável de acordo com o potencial produtivo estimado. Palavras-chave: Greenseeker, índice de vegetação, Zea mays, NDVI. CRITICAL LIMITS OF NDVI FOR YIELD POTENTIAL ESTIMATION IN MAIZE ABSTRACT - The estimation of grain yield potential of maize along the growth cycle is one of new agricultural practices that have been used to qualify crop management. In this sense, the use of vegetation sensors can be highlighted, in order to carry out the monitoring of plant development and nutritional condition throughout its development. The objective of this study was to indicate NDVI critical limits for determining grain yield potential classes of maize in different growth stages using an active optical vegetation sensor (Greenseeker). The experiment was carried out in the 2013/14 growing season, in Eldorado do Sul, State of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Treatments consisted of different dissecation timing of oat (Avena sativa L.) before corn sowing. Evaluations with the active optical sensor were done at growth stages V3, V5, V6, V7, and V8. Results showed that NDVI measured by the sensor Greenseeker was efficient in identifying maize grain productivity at different growth stages. NDVI critical limits that correspond to different yield potential levels in maize can be quickly and precisely identified between V3 and V8 growth stages and this information can be used for site-specific nitrogen fertilization according to the estimated yield potential. Keywords: Greenseeker, vegetation index, Zea mays, NDVI.
LETRAMENTO RACIAL MEDIADO PELA LITERATURA INFANTO-JUVENIL NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Silva Eduardo Dias da , Souza-Dias Romar
Published: May 2018

Este artigo, elaborado a partir de pesquisa transdisciplinar qualitativa de modalidade exploratória, traz a perspectiva do letramento racial mediado pela literatura infanto-juvenil no empoderamento das histórias e culturas africana, afro-brasileira e indígena de forma crítico-reflexivo em ambientes escolares da educação básica pública. Professores deparam-se com a falta de instrumentos pedagógicos e práticos no desenvolvimento de estratégias para melhor exercerem a atividades de conscientização das várias identidades étnico-raciais que formam o mosaico cultural do Brasil. Objetivamos responder ao seguinte questionamento: o letramento racial mediado pela Literatura Infanto-juvenil, para aprendentes da educação básica, pode contribuir de que maneira para a implementação do ensino da história e da cultura afro-brasileira, africana e indígena nas escolas públicas? Através desse trabalho, fizemos uma sugestão, dentre vários títulos possíveis, de alguns livros que tratam dessa temática, contudo ressaltamos que esse artigo não se limita às ideias de tarefas, mas se perpetua como caminho para novas reflexões na construção social na qual ninguém tenha que negar ou apagar sua identidade étnico-racial.
Medio ambiente, ecología y desarrollo en Colombia
Authors: Bohórquez Bohórquez Camilo Antonio
Published: May 2018

Colombia tiene unas características ambientales y ecológicas propias del neotrópico, que la hacen específica y única; sin embargo, los modelos de desarrollo implementados van en contravía de estas características. El artículo muestra cómo las polí- ticas gubernamentales desconocen las características inherentes al desarrollo humano sustentable, lo cual genera graves problemas ambientales urbanos y rurales. En contraposición se establecen algunos lineamientos generales para estructurar una propuesta de desarrollo basado en las características ecológicas colombianas.
Política educativa y financiación de la educación: posibles efectos para el desarrollo humano en Colombia, 1990- 2004
Authors: Afanador Vargas Benjamín
Published: May 2018

Este artículo explora el cambio del modelo interventor de Estado al modelo liberal, implementado en Colombia desde los años 90, buscando explicaciones sobre las posibles implicaciones de este cambio del modelo económico sobre la educación. Desde el punto de vista de la acción del Estado, la coherencia de políticas y coordinación de las mismas, son en buena medida, indicadores de la caracterización de Estados interventores y/o liberales. El ciclo del modelo interventor en Colombia, mediados del siglo XX y finales de los 80, parece haberse caracterizado más por la coherencia en política educativa, procurando su orientación con criterios pedagógicos y en contexto relacionado con los requerimientos de la economía; en tanto que el modelo liberal, de los años recientes, confiando en la coordinación del mercado, podría haber generado graves problemas de inequidad en el acceso a la educación, sin que haya logrado resolver tampoco, las deficiencias en calidad educativa y promoción del desarrollo humano.
Reestimación de la tasa social de descuento en Colombia a partir del desarrollo de su mercado de capitales durante el período 1995 – 2005
Authors: Rodríguez Hernández Romel
Published: May 2018

La disminución de la tasa de inflación a niveles de un dígito, la reducción del riesgo país por la reducción en las tasas de los Títulos de deuda pública interna emitidos por el Estado (TES) y externa, Global y Yankees, y el desarrollo del mercado de capitales, han motivado la necesidad de reestimar la Tasa Social de Descuento actual (TSD) del 12% con la que se ha venido haciendo la evaluación socioeconómica y financiera de proyectos de inversión para el caso colombiano. Bajo las mismas causas que justifican el ejercicio para el caso colombiano, ejercicios recientes de reestimación de la TSD en los países miembros de la Unión Económica Europea han determinado que la TSD nominal actual se encuentra en un nivel promedio del 3%. Este cambio en el nivel de las tasas de interés ha sido extensivo a países de América Latina donde se han hecho reestimaciones de la TSD siguiendo el criterio de eficiencia de Harberger que tiene en cuenta cuatro elementos: el ahorro interno, el ahorro externo, la inversión privada y el endeudamiento externo. El presente trabajo, siguiendo el criterio de eficiencia de Harberger, reestima la TSD de Colombia obteniéndose una TSD promedio de 8.5%, incluyendo una prima por riesgo en función de la volatilidad del consumo y de la aversión al riesgo del inversionista. Se concluye, de acuerdo con la metodología de Harberger, que en la determinación de la TSD el mayor ponderador es el ahorro interno, seguido del endeudamiento externo, influyendo en menor cuantía la inversión interna.
Costo de capital: estudio de la incidencia de las variables determinantes del costo de capital y el consiguiente reflejo en los estados financieros de las Pymes del sector avícola de Bogotá, durante el período 2000-2005
Authors: Gama Díaz Luís Eduardo
Published: May 2018

En la primera parte del estudio se denota la importancia que, desde el punto de vista financiero, tiene el concepto del costo del uso del capital en la situación de cualquier organización; luego se presenta una breve reseña del sector avícola y su importancia en la economía colombiana, como también, la población y la muestra de las empresas objeto de este estudio. En la segunda, se encuentra la importancia que tiene esta herramienta financiera para el apoyo de la información necesaria al tomar decisiones. En la tercera, se expone el análisis de la información obtenida, se realiza el cálculo del costo de capital para Colombia en el período 1995-2005 y se determina la importancia que cada variable estudiada tiene en dicho costo. En esta parte también se hace el cálculo del costo del capital promedio ponderado para las empresas seleccionadas y la incidencia que este costo tiene en los estados financieros de las empresas estudiadas. Por último, se presentan las conclusiones respectivas y los anexos correspondientes.
La dirección general
Authors: Garzón Castrillón Manuel Alfonso
Published: May 2018

Desde tiempos inmemoriales ha existido la inquietud de abordar el tema de la dirección general de una organización, y de hecho se ha realizado. En este artículo se pretende hacer una aproximación actual al concepto de la dirección de las empresas teniendo en cuenta las implicaciones para el líder cuando se hablaba de crear valor para los stackeholders como su principal responsabilidad, a través del gobierno corporativo con responsabilidad social, pensando como propietario. Para lo cual debe concebir su modelo de negocio, esto exige imaginar la empresa con base en su propia concepción, que incluye el pensamiento, la concepción, la formulación, y el proceso estratégico, que orienta el quehacer y hacer, motivando, inspirando, ejecutando y formando, ejecutando y controlando, con base en sus recursos y sus capacidades.
El desarrollo y la calidad de vida
Authors: Sanabria Landazábal Néstor Juan
Published: May 2018

En este ensayo teórico se presenta, a través de algunos autores, como ha cambiado la percepción deldesarrollo desde las hipótesis básicas de los autoresclásicos, hasta los problemas formulados por actuales pensadores, algunos de ellos premios Nóbel. Se concluye con una propuesta de compresión delcambio social, a partir de criterios holísticos y hologramáticos, con lo cual calidad de vida y desarrollo, cuando se miran como un problema de la sociedad en su conjunto son sinónimos de la evolución que pueda presentar una sociedad.
Crecimiento y desarrollo del sector asegurador; frente a la evolución cultural de las empresas de familia
Authors: Bravo Reyes Juan Hernando
Published: May 2018

Insurances become a necessity, as well as the importance lo speak anolher language. The business world requires thal the knowledge about insurances is indispensable, that is why in this paper the growth and development of the insurance sector is analyzed vis-a-vis the necessihes of small and medium family enterprises, slarling from of the history the future perspectives of 125 years of the first Colombian insurance companies. It studies the implications of the insurance sector in the cultural evolution on this kind of companies, de termining some of the reasons that created distrust between insurance companies and the insured, demands and warranties are evaluated at the moment of making a contract of a insurance policy, as well as the necessary documents and requirements to claim in case of an accident, to conclude that regarding insurance the cultural model of Colombians is kept sluck, the distrust and misunderslandings between the customer and the agent are the common denominator of a business that has as a fundamental principle the good faith, then. What is the future of the sector under this perspective'?
Estado del arte de las investigaciones realizadas sobre pobreza en Colombia durante la última década
Authors: López Velázquez Adriana Patricia
Published: May 2018

The main purpose of this document is to review the investigation done on poverty by four recognized institutions The Center of Economical Development Studies (Centro de Estudios de Desarrollo Económico. CEDE) at Andes University, FEDESARROLLO, The National Planning Department (Departamento Nacional de Planeación. DNP), and the Faculty of Economical Sciences and the Research Center for Development (Centro de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo. CID) at the National University in Colombia during the last decade. In this document the relations and connections in this research is shown and classified. The conclusions are discussed in terms of their effects on public policies in Colombia.
En la búsqueda de enfoques para el desarrollo. A propósito del debate entre el Consenso de Washington y el Fórum de Barcelona
Authors: Rendón Acevedo Jaime Alberto , Nieto Alemán Paula Andrea , Ángel Barreto Diana Carolina
Published: May 2018

The main purpose of this article is to show how the development models have been implemented but not been part of the solution for which they were created. First, the primary concepts for economical growth are described. They are shown as a necessity of economy progress without the implicit idea that they are enough to improve conditions. This can be seen in the limitations of the changes proposed since the Washington Consensus. Later, some alternative methods are discussed and it is concluded that only from diversity and without the search of homogenous models, it is possible development alternatives for humanity, which is the principal idea explicit in the Barcelona Forum.
El maestro como catalizador del poder
Authors: Arango Almanza Carlos Arturo
Published: May 2018

This article is the result of a personal reflection about the roles that the teacher has played in the western communities throughout history and her social responsibility, especially in the development of the privileged classes and consequently the generation of power through knowledge. Social organizations characterized by their cultural relationships have been by power-structures where the generation and transmission of knowledge are always related with the interests of the most important group, or its productive or ideological needs. A panoramic view of western society’s history will let us find some basic coincidences between power, the mission of teachers, and their influence on social groups. This study was generated by the History of Pedagogy and Epistemology of Science research group, in the Teaching Mastery program at La Salle University, Bogota, Colombia
Una revisión sobre la aproximación de Martínez y Roca (2001) a la economía ecológica
Authors: Ruiz Linares Jorge Vicente , Fandiño Orozco María Claudia
Published: May 2018

Con la presente revisión se pretende introducir el tema de la economíaecológica en general y en particular el libro de Martínez y Roca (2001).Si los recursos naturales no fueran limitados y así mismo no hubieseentropía causada por la actividad económica, no habría lugar para laeconomía.
Pengaruh Diabetes Self Management Education and Support (DSME/S) terhadap Diabetes Distress pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember (The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education and Support [DSME/S] on Diabetes Distress in Patie
Authors: Nurkamilah Novita , Rondhianto Rondhianto , Widayati Nur
Published: May 2018

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires a continous self-care. A low level ofknowledge about self-care can worsen health condition and cause diabetes distress. The continuingstress can cause hyperglycemia that lead to complications of DM. DSME/S is a structured healtheducation that facilitates DM patients in implementing and maintaining their behavior for sustainableself-care. This research aimed to analyze the effect of DSME/S on diabetes distress in patients withtype 2 DM. This research was quasi experimental with non randomized control group pretestposttest design. Thirty respondents in this study were divided into 15 respondents as theintervention group and 15 respondents as the control group by consequtive sampling technique.DSME/S was conducted in 6 sessions: 4 sessions in the hospital and 2 sessions at respondent'shouse. The data were analyzed by using dependent t test and independent t test with significancelevel of 0.05. The result of dependent t test revealed a significant difference of diabetes distressbetween pretest and posttest both in the intervention group (p=0.001) and in the control group(p=0.046). Furthermore, independent t test showed a significant difference between interventiongroup and control group (p=0.001). The decrease of diabetes distress was higher in the interventiongroup than control group. This result indicates that there was a significant effect of DSME/S ondiabetes distress in patients with type 2 DM. Nurses are expected to apply DSME/S as a dischargeplanning to reduce diabetes distress in patients with type 2 DM.Keywords: diabetes distress, DSME/S, Diabetes Mellitus
Efficacy of a Mentoring Program on Nurse Retention and Transition Into Practice
Authors: Szalmasagi Jacquelyn D.
Published: May 2018

Background: The United States and countries around the world are often faced with a nursing shortage. Studies indicate the reasons for the shortages include low job satisfaction and other factors leading to decreased retention rates.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if participating in a mentor program impacted the transition into practice and retention rates of new graduate nurses at a small community hospital in northern Indiana.Method: This was a retrospective, descriptive, quasi-experimental study. A total of 20 new graduate nurses were studied to determine whether participation in a mentoring program had any impact on their retention at the facility. The participants who completed the mentoring program were asked to complete a questionnaire which examined their perception of the correlation between their completion of the program and their transition into practice.Results: This study determined that participating in a mentor program impacted the transition into practice and retention rates of new graduate nurses at a small community hospital in northern Indiana. The questionnaire results indicated that participation in the mentoring program helped with the new graduate nurses’ transition into practice. This study was guided by Benner’s novice to expert theory.
Empowerment of Starfruit Agro-Tourism as Tourism Icon in Blitar City
Authors: Rahmadanik Dida
Published: May 2018

The empowerment program in Blitar City is required by the community since the empowerment is expected to provide new employment. One of the programs is the empowerment of star fruit agro-tourism in Karangsari village by Blitar city government. The goal of this research is to describe the empowerment program conducted by the Blitar district government to the community as well as the obstacles that exist in the empowerment program. The research method used is qualitative with descriptive approach. Focus to the empowerment provided by the government of Blitar City to the community of Karangsari village in the management of tourism icon of starfruit agro-tourism. The outcomes of this research is empowerment done by government of Blitar City has succeeded to bear benefit towards society of Karangsari village society with new employment and marketing access of star fruit and processed star fruit. However, there are still several obstacles such as lack of promotion of star fruit agro-tourism in Blitar City.
Capitalism in Tourism – Marxist: Analysis of Enjoy Jakarta
Authors: Sari Wulan Purnama
Published: May 2018

Enjoy Jakarta is a new slogan from Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta to promote tourism in Jakarta. Through the tagline of Enjoy Jakarta, the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta through the Department of Tourism and Culture wants to retail Jakarta as an attention-grabbing city to visit. Based on the website www.jakarta-tourism.go.id, there are all recommendations regarding with tourism in Jakarta, ranging from history and culture of Jakarta, events, destinations, to brochures and electronic guidebooks, which can be downloaded. It is fascinating to see on how content from the Enjoy Jakarta website sells countless capitalist products, such as in destination categories, events, and up to the basic information. This paper performs a critical analysis of “Enjoy Jakarta” tourism by utilizing Marxist analysis method. This analysis is carried out using the Marxist rationale teaching and applying these Marxist concepts to the public art form created by the media. Marxist analysis is done on the content embedded in the website of www.jakarta- tourism.go.id. The results of this study indicate that tourism in Jakarta is displayed in the form of selling products of capitalism. Tourism is identic by shopping at malls, savoring culinary in famous restaurant brands, and various activities organized by the bourgeoisie.
Internal Marketing on Internal Quality Services at Borobudur Temple Tourism Park, Prambanan, and Ratu Boko
Authors: Jumadi Jumadi
Published: May 2018

This research purposes to evaluate internal marketing and internal service quality in Borobudur Temple, Prambanan, and Ratu Boko. The research method is descriptive and verificative. The data were acquired by utilizing questionnaires. Research respondents were employees at Candi Borobudur Tourism Park, Prambanan, and Ratu Boko, which amounted to 105 respondents. The data analysis techniques are employing multiple linear regressions with the help of SPSS software version 19. The outcomes showed that simultaneously, internal marketing variables, employee recruitment, support system affect the quality of internal services. While the dimensions of motivation, communication, selection, development, and health of the working environment does not influence the quality of internal services. Based on the analysis outcomes acquired the value of f sig 0.00<0.05 that this indicates that internal marketing variables affect the quality of internal services. However, based on partial regression test, the quality of service is only influenced by recruitment dimension as shown on value sig 0,031<0,05 and support system dimension with value of sig 0,007<0,05. The dimensions of motivation, communication, selection, development, and occupational health of the work have not affected the quality of internal services this is indicated by the sig value of each dimension>0.05. This means that only the dimensions of recruitment and system support have been operative. If seen from the value r¬2. It was attained the value of 0.383. This means that the quality of internal services is only influenced by internal marketing of 38.3% while the rest of 61.7% affected by other factors.
CORRUPTION AS A VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: A CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH
Authors: Juwita Ratna
Published: May 2018

This paper analyzes the relationship between corruption and realization of human rights in a specific case, the realization of the right to education by utilizing human rights standards concerning the right to education as the parameter of human rights realization. An Indonesian case law about corruption of Bantuan Operasional Sekolah funds in Malang is selected as primary legal data in this paper to provide empirical evidence one of the cases of corruption in education sector. Norm entrepreneurship as part of contructivist theory is selected to explain the phenomenon of emerging scholarly studies and discussion about corruption as a violation of human rights and this paper aims to draw the link between corruption and its negative impact to the realization of human rights in case analysis.
Les natifs du numérique aux études : enjeux et pratiques | The Digital Natives in Education: Issues and Practices
Authors: Roy Normand , Gareau Alexandre , Poellhuber Bruno
Published: May 2018

Largement débattu dans la littérature, il existe tout un débat autour des générations dans la société. Souvent utilisé pour caractériser les individus, les réflexions basées sur les générations peuvent devenir problématique lorsque les décideurs orientent leur décision sur des théories non fondées empiriquement. Cette étude propose d’examiner les natifs du numérique à partir de données empiriques, sous la perspective des usages du numériques en éducation. Nos résultats permettent de nuancer ce que l’on croit connaitre des natifs du numérique tout en appuyant d’autres études menées à travers le monde, qui mettent en exergue les usages technologiques et le numérique éducatif.  Although widely discussed in the public media, there is currently a debate about the characteristics of generations in society (C, X, Y, Z), particularly with regard to their technological habits. Based on 24, 502 college students, this study proposes to examine the digital natives in terms of their use of technologies in education. The results of multivariate analysis challenge our assumptions about digital natives while supporting other studies from around the world that highlight technological uses and educational potential.
Integration of Audio-Visual and Traditional Practices for Effective Classroom Teaching
Authors: Singh Deepika , Kumar Mukul
Published: May 2018

Education is one of the principal buildings blocks of the civilization. Since many centuries, teaching has been extensively accepted as a Nobel profession. The expected duty of teachers is to deliver their best in receiving and conveying the information correctly to their students in class and they do. But, in the modern era, when the young generation is conquered by the technological advancements, implementation of innovative teaching practices may help to improve the education system and can enhance the learning potential. The present article focuses on the integration of traditional and audio-video teaching practices.
Spectrum of Benign Breast Lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore
Authors: Mehboob Riffat , Perveen Shahida , Ahmed Naseer
Published: May 2018

Women with benign breast diseases (BBD) are at a high risk of developing breast cancer.
Objective: Purpose of the study was to analyze the spectrum of BBD in a tertiary care hospital of Lahore to understand the prevalence of inflammatory lesions, benign neoplasms and their age-wise comparison.Methodology: The study was carried out at Pathology Department, King Edward Medical University, Lahore. Data of 368 cases of BBD during a time span of 3 years (2011-2014) was obtained retrospectively.Results: There were 190 patients of fibroadenoma (FA), 81 of fibrocystic disease (FCD), 64 of breast abscess (BA), 12 of granulomatous mastitis (GM), 7 of lipoma, 5 of phylloides tumor (PL), 4 of fibrosis (F), 2 of intraductal papilloma (IDP) and 3 of accessory breast with Fibrocystic (FC) changes. The relation between theages and frequency of the different types of lesions was also analyzed to understand the association between predisposing factors and the nature of lesions.Conclusions: Out results demonstrated that the FA is the most frequent benign breast lesions and is common among young females with age ranges from 10 to 20 years. FCD is the second most common lesion, while FA and FCD are less common among women older than 40 years. Benign neoplasms are more frequentamong women of the Lahore. There were only three cases of sclerosing adenosis, 2 of microglandularadenosis, 3 of hyperplasia and no case of radial scar.
Comparison of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Changes after Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Patients of Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Shaheer Muhammad , Khan Asad Aslam , Ahmed Nasir , Mahju Tehseen Mahmood , Rasheed Ummarah
Published: May 2018

Diabetic macular edema is one of the leading causes of visual loss in diabetic patients. However, the impact of medicinal treatment on the occurrence of macular edema remained elusive. Objectives: This study was designed to determine the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab in patients of diabetic macular edema.Methods: An interventional study was conducted on patients that underwent pre-injection and one-month post-injection OCT for RNFL thickness. OCT was performed by researchers and findings were recorded accordingly. The retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was measured in superior, inferior halves and total average thickness. Pre- and post-injection OCT were conduced and macular thickness were documented. Results: The mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was decreased in superior and inferior halves as well as in the total thickness. Conclusion: Intra vitreal bevacizumab decreases the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Large randomized controlled trials are required to establish or rule out any association between this decrease in thickness and incidence if glaucoma in such patients.
Eating Habits and Nutritional Status of Female Students of a Medical College of Lahore
Authors: Akhtar Naveed , Zareen Humaira , Sarmad Rubina
Published: May 2018

Eating habits have strong relationship with nutritional status of any person. Modification of these habits in the adolescent period can prevent malnutrition resulting in prevention of many non-communicable diseases. Additionally, with best eating habits female doctors can be a role model for their patients.Objectives: This study was designed to access the dietary habits, nutritional status and their association in young adolescent female medical students.Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in Medical College of Lahore. A total of 114 female students from 1st year and 2nd year were selected. Their socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits and nutritional status were assessed through a questionnaire. Hemoglobin levels were measured by Sysmex while mid upper arm circumference and (MUAC) and body mass index (BMI) were measured with the help of measuring tape and weighing machine, respectively. Results: Mean age of the students was 19.5 ± 2.1. All the participants were unmarried, 108 (94.7%) liked traditional food, and 84 (73.3%) had a habit of daily breakfast intake. Most of the students (n=73, 64%) were consuming fast/junk food while 81(71.1%) of the students used to take meat and meat products three times a week. A total of 42 respondents (36.8%) were underweight while 41 (36%) were anemic. Positive association was found between eating habits and hemoglobin levels (p = 0.001). Relationship between regular intake of breakfast with BMI and MUAC was also positive (p = 0.003 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: It is concluded that eating habits affect the nutritional status of adolescent females, while skipping breakfast is associated with anemia.
Assessing the Antecedents of Work Performance among Health Care Practitioners: Testing a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling Sequential Model
Authors: Ali Fouzia Hadi , Naz Farhat , Qazi Aban Abid
Published: May 2018

Work performance (WP) in the healthcare sector has hither to remained an underexplored area of research. Despite the fact that the implications of WP in the healthcare sector context are far more expensive for both doctors and hospitals, the predictors of WP among the healthcare practitioners appear to have contextual nuances. One of the significant factors and increasing vulnerabilities of the healthcare sector is work-life balance (WLB). However, it is futile to study WLB in isolation, the literature suggests that positive psychological capital (PPC) triggers WLB. Moreover, WLB also assists in enhancing vitality at work that in turn improves WP. Therefore, this study intends to examine the sequential mediation of WLB and vitality at work between the relationship of positive psychological capital and WP. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 80 hospitals in the province of Punjab. The stratified sampling design was employed to select a sample from the population. Out of 80, a total of 53 hospitals were consented to participate in the study. A structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1100 doctors with a response rate of 83%. The sequential model was tested by applying Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling 3.2. Results: The sequential model proved significant with a partial mediation of work life balance and vitality at work between the relationship of positive psychological capital and work performance. Conclusion: The study provides recommendations to the policy makers to invest time and resources for nurturing the psychological and attitudinal behaviors of the healthcare practitioners that could ultimately enhance their WP.
Bad Bugs and No Drugs: Activity of Colistin as Waging War against Emerging Metallo-β-Lactamases Producing Pathogens
Authors: Naz Sahar , Rasheed Farhan , Saeed Muhammad , Iram Shagufta , Imran Ambereen Anwar
Published: May 2018

Inter-hospital and intra-hospital dissemination of metallo-β-lactamase (MβL) producing strains possess significant therapeutic challenges. Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of Colistin against MβL producers. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Microbiology Laboratory, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan from 1stJuly 2016 to 25th February 2017. A total of 12126 clinical samples were collected from patients presenting to Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Every sample was processed for bacterial culture. Bacterial identification was performed according to standard guidelines. Every gram-negative isolate was further processed for antimicrobial susceptibility testing by modified Kirby Baur disc diffusion method. Zone sizes were interpreted according to CLSI 2016 guidelines. Next day every carbapenem-resistant isolate were further processed for MβL detection by EDTA method, zone size of Carbapenem disc only and Carbapenem disc impregnated with EDTA was compared ( >7 mm increase MβL positive, 0-5 mm increase MβL-negative). Results: Out of total 12126 samples, 35.9% (n=4361) were culture positive and only 40.5% (n=1770) were Gram negative rods. Of these 9.6% (n=170) were Carbapenem-resistant isolates with 47% (n=80) MβL producers. Briefly 51.7% (n=30) Acinetobacter species were MβL positive, Pseudomonas species 38.5% (n=22), Escherichia coli 69.5% (n=16), Klebsiella species 37.0% (n=10), Proteus 66.6% (n=2) and 0% Citrobacter sppwere MβL positive. 32.5% MβL positive isolates were from ICU, 21.2% were from OPD, 12.5%were from Surgical Units, 12.5% were from Medical Unit, 17.5% were from Orthopedic Unit, and 3.7% were from Pulmonology ward. Almost 100% resistant was observed in MβL positive isolates for Imipenem,Piperacillin+ Tazobactum, Ceftriaxone, Co-amoxyclav, Cefoperazone+Sulbactam, Ciprofloxacin, and Amikacin, Doxycycline, and Gentamicin showed 91.2%, 94.0%, and 97.5% resistant rate respectively. No resistance was observed against Colistin. Conclusion: MβL producing Gram negative rods are rising in clinical setups. They are becoming a nightmare for clinicians to treat such infections. Colistin remains the only choice of drug for MβL positive and Negative isolates with 0% resistant rate except for Proteus species, to which it is intrinsically resistant.
Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) Self-Care: A Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Rashid Naveed , Aamer Muhammad , Malik Uzma , Arif Nimra , Akram Muhammad Waqar , Irshad Ayesha
Published: May 2018

Most complications associated with the use of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) access site for hemodialysis can be prevented by adopting a daily self-care plan for AVF access site. Therefore, the aim of this study was set to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about self-care of AVF access site amongst end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who are on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: This comparative cross sectional study with quantitative approach was carried out in hemodialysis unit of Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore for the month of July, 2017. All patients with ESRD, on maintenance hemodialysis through an AVF access for at least last 30 days, were included in the study. Each patient was given a questionnaire comprising of 21 questions during his/her routine dialysis. Knowledge of ESRD patients was categorized into poor (<50%), average (50-70%) and good (> 70%). Results: Out of 138 patients, 94% had good knowledge about AVF self-care and 99% had good attitude about AVF access care. However a few practices like daily AVF thrill checkup, pre-hemodialysis AVF site washing and pre and post hemodialysis disinfection were not in correspondence with the level of knowledge representing a discrepancy between knowledge and practice in some aspects of the of the AVF care. Knowledge scores when compared between different age groups, greater proportion of patients between age of 45- 65 (p<0.017) possessed good knowledge as compared to age groups of 25-45, 65-85 years. Conclusion: Despite good understanding and adequate attitude, few practices were not being followed in parallel to the knowledge acquisition. Therefore, regular reminder and periodic evaluation of practical aspects of AVF care is recommended for each ESRD patient visiting for hemodialysis.
Optimal estimation of unconfined aquifer parameters in uncertain environment based on fuzzy transformation method
Authors: Delnaz Atefeh , Rakhshandehroo Gholamreza , Nikoo Mohammad Reza
Published: May 2018

In this paper, a fuzzy simulation–optimization model coupled with the genetic algorithm based on Boulton's equation is presented to estimate transmissibility (T), storage coefficient (S), specific yield (Sy) and leakage factor (Dt) of an unconfined aquifer. This model is capable of minimizing the deviation between observed and calculated drawdowns of pumping test data. To assess the applicability of the model, its results are compared with the graphically obtained solutions from Boulton's equation. To this end, real pumping test data obtained from an unconfined aquifer in Dayton, Ohio, are considered as the case problem to evaluate the efficacy of the model. In the fuzzy approach, pumping rate is considered as an uncertain variable. For evaluation of the model, several statistical error indices are utilized. Results show better matches for the model as evidenced by much smaller errors. As an example, mean absolute relative error for the proposed model and graphical Boulton's solution is 2.52% and 4.98%, respectively. It is concluded that the model is accurate and may replace the graphical Boulton's solution. T and Sy were found to be more sensitive to uncertainty in the pumping rate measurement, when compared with S and r/Dt.
Energetic optimization and evaluation of a drinking water pumping system: application at the Rassauta station
Authors: Ahcene Bouach , Saadia Benmamar
Published: May 2018

The energy overconsumption at drinking-water pumping stations creates considerable energy losses. For this reason we have developed an NNGA tool of pumping management which optimizes the consumed energy by the pumping system with respect to the hydraulic functioning conditions in the distribution tank. This tool includes two models: a forecasting model for drinking water demand based on artificial neural networks and an optimization model using genetic algorithms. The results of the NNGA tool were compared with two pumping plans: the plan based on the pumping regulation model, and the plan used by the company of water and sewage of the city of Algiers. The analysis result was done with the help of performed indicators that we have developed and which enable the evaluation and diagnosis of the energetic function's system.
Combinatorial Design of Molecule using Activity-Linked Substructural Topological Information as Applied to Antitubercular Compounds
Authors: Raychaudhury Chandan , Rizvi Md. Imbesat Hassan , Pal Debnath
Published: May 2018

Background:

Generating a large number of compounds using combinatorial methods
increases the possibility of finding novel bioactive compounds. Although some combinatorial structure
generation algorithms are available, any method for generating structures from activity-linked
substructural topological information is not yet reported.

Objective:

To develop a method using graph-theoretical techniques for generating structures of
antitubercular compounds combinatorially from activity-linked substructural topological information,
predict activity and prioritize and screen potential drug candidates.

Methods: Activity related vertices are identified from datasets composed of both active and inactive or,
differently active compounds and structures are generated combinatorially using the topological
distance distribution associated with those vertices. Biological activities are predicted using topological
distance based vertex indices and a rule based method. Generated structures are prioritized using a
newly defined Molecular Priority Score (MPS).

Results:

Studies considering a series of Acid Alkyl Ester (AAE) compounds and three known antitubercular
drugs show that active compounds can be generated from substructural information of other
active compounds for all these classes of compounds. Activity predictions show high level of success
rate and a number of highly active AAE compounds produced high MPS score indicating that MPS
score may help prioritize and screen potential drug molecules. A possible relation of this work with
scaffold hopping and inverse Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (iQSAR) problem has also
been discussed.

The proposed method seems to hold promise for discovering novel therapeutic candidates
for combating Tuberculosis and may be useful for discovering novel drug molecules for the treatment
of other diseases as well.
Withdrawal Notice: Zinc Finger Nuclease Combines with Cisplatin and Trichostatin A Enhances the Antitumor Potency in Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Ren Ci , Gao Chun , Li Xiaomin , Shen Hui , Wang Liming , Zhu Da , Wu Peng , Ma Ding , Wang Hui , Ding Wencheng
Published: May 2018

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry:

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may cause.

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Keefektifan manajemen program pembelajaran BIPA (Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing) di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Saputro Ekaresta Prihardjati , Arikunto Suharsimi
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi manajemen program pembelajaran BIPA di lembaga BIPA Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi dengan pendekatan kombinasi kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Model evaluasi yang digunakan adalah discrepancy evaluation model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi manajemen program pembelajaran BIPA (1) aspek perencanaan program mencapai 93%, kesenjangan 7% dengan kriteria “sangat efektif”; (2) aspek pengorganisasian program mencapai 99%, kesenjangan 1% dengan kriteria “sangat efektif”; (3) aspek pelaksanaan program mencapai 93%, kesenjangan 7% dengan kriteria “sangat efektif”; (4) aspek pengawasan program mencapai 86%, kesenjangan 14% dengan kriteria “sangat efektif”. Secara keseluruhan keefektifan manajemen program pembelajaran BIPA memiliki kriteria “sangat efektif”, dengan capaian 93% kesenjangan 7%.Kata kunci: evaluasi; keefektifan; manajemen program pembelajaran BIPA THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BIPA (INDONESIAN LANGUAGE FOR FOREIGNER) PROGRAM MANAGEMENT IN YOGYAKARTAAbstractThis study is aimed to evaluate the management of BIPA learning program of BIPA course in Yogyakarta. This research is an evaluation research with the combination of qualitative and quantitative approach. Evaluation model used in this research is discrepancy evaluation model. The result of the study shows that the implementation of the management of BIPA learning program (1) the planning program is 93% performance, 7% discrepancy with criteria “very effective”; (2) the organizing aspect is 99% performance and 1% discrepancy with criteria “very effective”; (3) the implementing aspect is 93% performance and 7% discrepancy with criteria “very effective”; (4) the monitoring aspect is 86% performance 14% discrepancy with criteria “very effective”. After all the effectiveness of the management of BIPA learning program have “very effective” criteria, with 93% performance and 7% discrepancy.Keywords: evaluation, the effectiveness, BIPA program management