bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sleep timing and health indicators in children and adolescents: a systematic review
Authors: Dutil Caroline , Podinic Irina , Sadler Christin M. , da Costa Bruno G. , Janssen Ian , Ross-White Amanda , Saunders Travis J. , Tomasone Jennifer R. , Chaput Jean-Philippe
Published: April 2022

Introduction

To continue to inform sleep health guidelines and the development of evidence-based healthy sleep interventions for children and adolescents, it is important to better understand the associations between sleep timing (bedtime, wake-up time, midpoint of sleep) and various health indicators. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the associations between sleep timing and 9 health indicators in apparently healthy children and adolescents 5 to 18 years old.

Methods

Studies published in the 10 years preceding January 2021 were identified from searches in four electronic databases. This systematic review followed the guidelines prescribed in PRISMA 2020, the methodological quality and risk of bias were scored, and the summary of results used a best-evidence approach for accurate and reliable reporting.

Results

Forty-six observational studies from 21 countries with 208 992 unique participants were included. Sleep timing was assessed objectively using actigraphy in 24 studies and subjectively in 22 studies. The lack of studies in some of the health outcomes and heterogeneity in others necessitated using a narrative synthesis rather than a metaanalysis. Findings suggest that later sleep timing is associated with poorer emotional regulation, lower cognitive function/academic achievement, shorter sleep duration/ poorer sleep quality, poorer eating behaviours, lower physical activity levels and more sedentary behaviours, but few studies demonstrated associations between sleep timing and adiposity, quality of life/well-being, accidents/injuries, and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk. The quality of evidence was rated as “very low” across health outcomes using GRADE.

Conclusion

The available evidence, which relies on cross-sectional findings, suggests that earlier sleep timing is beneficial for the health of school-aged children and adolescents. Longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to better advance this field of research. (PROSPERO registration no.: CRD42020173585)The pandemic has negatively impacted a substantial portion of the Defence Team. When responding to future crises, it is recommended that leaders of organizations provide additional supports to higher-risk groups and to supervisors who are ideally positioned to support employees during challenging times.
Электромагнетизм и гравитация - порождение структуры частицы
Authors: Чеснаков Михаил
Published: April 2022

Концепция, согласно которой все частицы находятся в непрерывной связи между собой, в статье дополнена концепцией развития структуры связанного состояния от простого к сложному.

Показано, как в рамках модели последовательное усложнение структуры связанного состояния гипотетических мнимых частиц приводит к появлению материальных частиц с всевозможными формами взаимодействия и созданному частицами сложному пространству. При этом оказалось возможным объединить электрические, магнитные и силы гравитации. Масса является производной структуры частицы, и вместе со скоростью образуют компоненты импульса. Релятивистская Масса есть следствие процесса устранения внутреннего конфликта частицы, возникшего из-за взаимодействия с другой частицей. Фотон также материален, как и Электрон, плоскость поляризации Фотона образована суммарным вектором магнитной составляющей. Взаимодействие между частицами отвечает принципу квантовой нелокальности (информация о локализации частицы проходит со скоростью выше скорости света, следовательно, свойства частиц не определенны до взаимодействия).
O Inep e o planejamento do sistema público de ensino de Brasília nos anos 1950
Authors: Tuchinski dos Anjos Juarez José
Published: April 2022

O texto apresenta o documento “O Planejamento do Sistema Escolar Público de Brasília”, da autoria de Paulo de Almeida Campos, publicado em 1959 pela Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos (RBEP) e republicado em segunda edição em comemoração aos 85 anos do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep). Inicialmente é destacado o contexto social e político da construção de Brasília, que deu ensejo a variados planejamentos, entre eles, o educacional. Em seguida são tecidas considerações sobre o processo de planejamento do sistema de ensino de Brasília gestado por Anísio Teixeira e que esteve a cargo do Instituto Nacional de Estudos Pedagógicos e seus técnicos, finalizando-se com uma descrição sumária dos elementos que compõem o sistema de ensino sistematizado no documento.
Alfabetización mediática e informativa de personas mayores en Chile: orientaciones basadas en sus necesidades e intereses cotidianos en contexto de COVID-19
Authors: Arellano-Rojas Paulina , Calisto-Breiding Camila , Brignardello-Burgos Sofía , Peña-Pallauta Paulina
Published: April 2022

Este artículo analiza los principales intereses y necesidades informativas de las personas mayores en Chile durante la pandemia por COVID-19, en función de entregar orientaciones que mejoren los programas de alfabetización mediática e informativa. Se aplica una metodología cualitativa de tipo descriptiva, con enfoque fenomenográfico y se emplean entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad a cuatro personas de la tercera edad (entre 60 y 79 años) residentes en Chile. El análisis de los resultados refleja que la mayoría de las actividades ejecutadas por este grupo en medios digitales y sociales tienen como objetivo la comunicación, el entretenimiento, el aprendizaje y la búsqueda de información (según intereses personales diversos). La realización de trámites y transacciones comerciales basadas en necesidades personales y cotidianas también cobra relevancia durante el aislamiento. No obstante, el uso sostenido de plataformas como Google, Facebook, Youtube y Whatsapp facilita el acceso a gran cantidad de información engañosa o falsa, y complejiza el proceso de selección y validación de la misma. En este sentido, los programas de alfabetización mediática e informativa se configuran como iniciativas de inclusión sostenidas y necesarias para contrarrestar este fenómeno, asegurar el uso crítico de la información, y desarrollar competencias que les permitan vivir con autonomía digital.
Propuesta de sistematización del análisis y seguimiento de la visibilidad de las revistas científicas editadas por la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Authors: Morán Marcos
Published: April 2022

Las revistas científicas desempeñan un papel esencial en el ámbito del conocimiento, ya que permiten a los investigadores estar al día en los avances de su campo y a la vez posibilitan que den a conocer sus propias investigaciones. El objetivo de este artículo es generar una herramienta para facilitar el análisis y el seguimiento de la visibilidad de las revistas académicas como respuesta a la problemática del factor de impacto que atraviesan estos textos de la corriente periférica, a través de un informe de carácter preliminar, base para la futura elaboración de un mecanismo más complejo, adaptable a las diferentes necesidades del grupo heterogéneo de las unidades de información, a las que este informe está destinado. En su desarrollo se consideraron los sistemas de información AmeliCA, Dialnet, Redalyc, Scopus y Web of Science, en conjunto con las web Google Académico y Matomo. Como resultado se obtuvo una herramienta de acceso abierto, sencilla y gratuita que aporta datos concretos sobre la visibilidad y el consumo de los recursos científicos en forma de tablas, gráficos e indicadores, de suma utilidad para los grupos editoriales, científicos e investigadores interesados en las diferentes áreas del conocimiento que se abordan en dichas revistas científicas.
Çocukların Reklam Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği’nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Authors: TAŞAR Bahar , SAKARYA Seda
Published: April 2022

Araştırmanın amacı, 8-12 yaş grubundaki çocukların reklam okuryazarlık becerilerini ölçmeye yönelik Rozendaal, Opree ve Buijzen (2016) tarafından geliştirilen “Advertising Literacy Scale for Children (ALS-c) ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasını yapmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda veriler, İstanbul ili Sultanbeyli ilçesinde resmi ilkokul ve ortaokulda öğrenimine devam eden 8-12 yaş aralığındaki 583 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. 5 faktör ve 15 maddeden oluşan Çocuklar İçin Kavramsal Reklam Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği (KROÖ-ç)’nin α değeri 0.62; 3 faktör ve 9 maddeden oluşan “Çocuklar İçin Tutumsal Reklam Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği (TROÖ-Ç)’nin α değeri ise 0.72’dir. Araştırma bulgularında KROÖ-ç ve TROÖ-ç olmak üzere birbirinden bağımsız iki alt ölçekten oluşan Çocukların Reklam Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği (ROÖ-ç)’nin 8-12 yaş aralığındaki çocukların reklam okuryazarlık becerilerini ölçebilecek niteliğe sahip geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Prioritization of Storage Hydropower Projects under Study in Nepal
Authors:   ost Doctoral Research Scholar, Srinivas University, India and Associate Professor, Madan Bhandari Memorial Academy Nepal, Urlabari 3, Morang, Nepal, Mishra Anjay Kumar
Published: April 2022

This research aims to find out the factors hindering the storage hydropower projects and prioritize the storage hydropower projects of Nepal. The study has covered six major storage hydropower projects that are under study. Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project and Budigandaki Storage Hydroelectric Project are located in Gandaki Province. Dudhkoshi Storage Hydroelectric Project and Tamor Storage Hydroelectric Project lie in Province 1, while Nalsaugad Storage Hydroelectric Project lies in Karnali Province. These all projects are in the stage of feasibility study. The methodology of research followed Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). Literature review was done with AHP application in different sector including hydropower. Besides this, reviews were done on aspects like energy crisis, present energy status and future demand. Likewise, pair wise comparison was done in different multiple criteria. Additionally, response from client and expertise opinion were conducted. Technical, financial, environmental, policy and political uncertainties and responses from the project personnel were the major criteria that can affect the priority of the storage hydropower projects. Among the factors, Technical Factor was given the highest importance to be considered for the development of storage hydropower project. The findings of the research revealed that Nalsaugad Storage Hydropower Project to be the best on the basis of the multicriteria considered. The sensitivity analysis with respect to factors was done, which shows no significant difference in the ranking of projects at base case and at the case of change in weight of factors. This research is expected to assist by project managers, project directors, and concerned government authorities in prioritizing the storage projects of Nepal.
Fuzzy Logic Based Approach for Analysis and Synthesis of Failure Modes
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Adesh Institute of Technology, (Affiliated to Punjab TechnicalUniversity), Mohali, Gharuan, Punjab, India., . Malkhan
Published: April 2022

Failure analysis and management has been gaining a lot of importance for the last few years. Failure mode and effect analysis is the process used for failure analysis and risk management in judging various businesses and managements. The FMEA is the methodology extensively used in different sectors to detect, prioritize and investigate the potential failures which occur during the production or design of the product. This whole process is computed with the Risk Priority Number (RPN). The blurriness and uncertainty in the FMEA associated with the human expertise and experience is responded using Fuzzy Logic based approach. In today’s time, organizations mainly focus on improving the quality of their product and building the reputation of their organizations. So, they consider every aspect of failure which can occur during the production. So, they use the FMEA team to overcome these issues before their existence. This paper is based on the approach of FMEA methodology and Fuzzy logic which describes multiple risks, insecurities associated with the different production processes and gives the solution to overcome the possible failures. FMEA is a methodology which suggests that such type of failures could occur during the design of the product or the production of the product.
A Case Study of Supply Chain Management in Food Industry with Implementation of Backward Integration
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marudhar Engineering College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India., Khatri Garvit
Published: April 2022

Inventory systems are a set of operations that support transforming raw materials into finished goods and then distribute them to customers through a well-organized supply chain system according to customer’s need. This system’s major components are purchasing, distribution, and integration. Purchasing is linked to the relationship between the buyer and the supplier. The term “distribution” refers to the process of moving something from one location to another. This relates to different types of organisation that considers functions like Purchasing, Operation and work coordination. Functions such as Vertical Integration, Horizontal Integration, Forward Integration and Backward Integration, etc and Integration can all be viewed as parts of standard organisation.The main aim of this present research paper is to reduce the cost of dehydrated potato in the branded product Bikaneri mixture. This Involved redesign of the supply chain to reduce the cost of uncovered dehydrated potato. Change of organisation methods to achieve this by reconsideration of contract cultivating strategy. Agreement development is a notion of Purchasing that is employed by agribusiness leaders on an ongoing basis. As a result the cost of producing dehydrated potato has been reduced from Rs. 4880000 to Rs. 4573423 per annum, resulting in an improvement of 6.5 percent profit margin for the firm.
Nephrin and podocin mRNA detection in urine sediment of dogs with chronic kidney disease: preliminary observations
Authors: Souza Camilla de , Coelho Mariana , Antonelo Daniel Silva , Passarelli Danielle , Rochetti Arina Lázaro , Fukumasu Heidge , Leite-Dellova Deise Carla Almeida
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may have alterations in the glomerular filtration barrier, including podocyte loss. Detection of podocyte mRNA in urine could be useful for assessing podocyturia in dogs with kidney disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of nephrin mRNA (NPHS1) and podocin mRNA (NPHS2) in urine sediments of dogs with naturally occurring CKD and healthy dogs.

Material and Methods

Twenty-four dogs, 14 with CKD and 10 as healthy controls, underwent clinical evaluation. The dogs with CKD were divided into two groups, according to the International Renal Interest Society criteria: stage 1 or 2 CKD (n = 5) and stage 3 or 4 CKD (n = 9). Urine was collected by catheterisation or free catch and RNA isolation from the urine sediments was optimised using glycogen as a co-precipitant. Detection of NPHS1 and NPHS2 in the sediment samples was performed using quantitative real-time PCR.

Results

Both types of mRNA were detected in samples from all groups, but the percentages of detection were higher in the group of dogs with stage 1 or 2 CKD and lower in the group of dogs with stage 3 or 4 disease.

Conclusion

Physiological podocyturia was observed in healthy dogs, and the results suggest differential podocyturia in dogs with CKD, according to the stage of the disease, i.e. an increase in podocyturia in dogs at stage 1 or 2 and a reduction in podocyturia in dogs at stage 3 or 4.
Obstacles and awareness of mammography screening among Saudi women attending King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital in Taif city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Kalakattawi Reem , Alsufyani Maha , Elkhouly Tohamy , Algahtany Fawwaz , Raza Sayed
Published: April 2022

Background: Low uptake rates were reported for mammographic screening (MS) among Arab women. The present study aimed to assess obstacles and awareness of MS among Saudi women attending King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital in Taif city, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out during April-August 2021 involving all women aged 40-70 years who attended the King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital in Taif city, Saudi Arabia. The study sample was 210 women. Structured interviewing questionnaires were used for data collection.
Results: The most common personal obstacles toward MS were fear of the discovery of Breast cancer (BC) (71.4%), fear of radiation (65.2%), fear of cancer treatment (65.2%), and the embarrassment of breast examination (63.8%). The most common health system barriers were fear of errors in diagnosis (67.5%), long time to get an appointment (57.1%), and will not do MS except if recommended by the doctor (55.2%). The most common known risk factors of BC were family history (FH), unhealthy food, smoking, and lack of exercise. 78.1% of the participants knew that MS is the ideal method for BC screening, and 66.2% reported that MS was recommended above 40 years. Only 13.8% of the participants had a good knowledge level. Married females, those who had university/postgraduate education, were employed, had a higher monthly income [(7,000 Saudi riyals (SR)], and had FH of BC had significantly higher mean knowledge scores. Participants of rural residence, divorced/widowed, with low education, and low monthly income had higher mean barrier scores to MS.
Conclusion: Addressing these barriers and raising awareness about MS may be highly beneficial in increasing its uptake among Saudi women.
Severe Tongue Necrosis Due to Pine Processionary Larvae Contact in Three Dogs
Authors: KARAKURUM Mehmet Çağrı , ŞAHİNDURAN Şima , BİCİCİ Özlem , KIYICI Reyda
Published: April 2022

Contact with the larvae of the pine processionary constitutes severe allergic reactions both in humans and animals. This study was aimed to reports clinical sings, treatment and prognosis in the three dogs who were in acute phase that contacted to pine processionary larvae. The clinical sigs included excessive salivation, halitosis and oedema, and necrosis of the tongue. Treatment was started immediately and necrotic areas disappeared. However, tissue loss was seen in the tongue during follow-up.
Determinación de la calidad del aire por medio de líquenes como bioindicadores en el área urbana del municipio de Tuluá, Valle del Cauca
Authors: Alvarez Herrera Angie Daniela , Ordoñez Zapata Paula Andrea , Soto Medina Edier
Published: April 2022

Se determinó el nivel de contaminación atmosférica en Tuluá - Valle del Cauca, mediante el uso de hongos liquenizados. Se seleccionaron cinco comunas, cada una nombrada según la influencia vehicular e industrial en cada sector como: estaciones de alto flujo vehicular, industrial, de transición y transición 2 (flujo vehicular moderado); y de fondo. En cada comuna se muestrearon nueve forófitos de Acacia rubinea, en los cuales se recolectaron e identificaron especies de líquenes a través del criterio de frecuencia y cobertura liquénica en un área de 20 cm x 30 cm ubicada a 1,3 m de altura. Se encontraron 29 especies con morfología costrosa y foliosa, se estableció el índice de pureza ambiental (IPA) y el factor de clasificación ambiental (FCA). El IPA más bajo se obtuvo, en la comuna cinco que corresponde a un nivel de contaminación alto (14,5), seguida de la cuatro (17,7), la seis (20,3), la siete (30,7) y por último la comuna nueve (30,9) catalogadas como de contaminación media; por otro lado, de acuerdo con el FCA todas las comunas presentadas se clasificaron como de máxima contaminación. Finalmente, la investigación presenta a los líquenes como una alternativa para el control de la contaminación atmosférica en pequeñas ciudades y municipios que no cuentan con los recursos y la tecnología para el monitoreo continuo de calidad del aire.
Dynamics of nystagmus after chemodenervation of oculomotor muscles
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sidorenko E.I. , Ostanina I.A. ,   V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children, Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russian Federation, Migel D.V. ,   V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children, Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sidorenko E.E. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children, Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sukhanova I.V. ,   V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children, Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russian Federation, Roselo Kesada N.M. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Purpose.. To increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with permanent nystagmus with injections of botulinum toxin type A (BTA). Material and methods. Treatment was carried out in 25 patients (50 eyes) with permanent oscillatory movements nystagmus of various amplitude using injections of BTA into oculomotor muscles. The observation period was 6 months. Results. Month after BTA injections, the frequency of nystagmus decreased in 2 patients (8.0%), and a decrease in the amplitude of oscillatory eye movements was noted in 21 patients (84.0%). By the end of the follow-up period, after 6 months, 2 patients (8.0%) had no signs of nystagmus, 19 (76.0%) children had a positive effect such as decrease in the frequency and amplitude of oscillatory eye movements. In 4 patients (16.0%), the use of BTA was commented as unsatisfactory, since after 3 months of observation, a regression of positive dynamics was revealed. Conclusion. The method of chemodenervation of oculomotor muscles using BTA showed high efficiency (84.0%) in the treatment of permanent nystagmus in children. This technique makes it possible to create physiological conditions for the formation of visual functions in children. Key words: nystagmus, botulinum toxin type A, chemodenervation, treatment of nystagmus
Optimization of the lower wall’s orbit fractures surgical treatment in childhood
Authors:   Morozovskaya Children’s Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Erashov Maksim A. , Gorbunova Elena D. ,   Morozovskaya Children’s Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Denisova Olga A. ,   Morozovskaya Children’s Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Purpose.. To optimize surgical treatment of fractures of the lower orbital wall in children using combined access. Material and methods. The analysis of the results of surgical treatment of fractures of the lower wall of the orbit in 63 children using combined access performed at the Morozovskaya Children’s hospital in the period from 2018-to 2021 was carried out. Results. The use of the combined approach in surgical treatment of fractures of the lower wall of the orbit in children, including transconjunctival and transnasal access under endoscopic control with installation of a sinus catheter and a membrane of highly purified xenocollagen type 1, makes surgical intervention less traumatic, improves the postoperative period, allows to achieve complete restoration of the eyeball motility and no signs of diplopia. Conclusion. The method makes it possible to restore the integrity of the lower wall of the eye cavity in children aged from one to 18 years without violating the physiological growth of the facial skeleton. Key words: fracture of the lower orbital cavity wall, combined access, endoscopic control
The Stress Dimension of Online Education in Nursing Students During The Covid-19 Process: A University Example
Authors: YAVAŞ ÇELİK Melike , ÖZTÜRK Ebru , KARASU Fatma , ELMAOĞLU Erhan
Published: April 2022

Aim: This research was planned to examine the stress dimension of online education in nursing students during the Covid-19 process.

Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out with 246 students between January 01-18, 2021. Socio-demographic Question Form, Nursing Education Stress Scale and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale were used as data collection tools.

Results: As a result of the study, it was determined that the academic achievements of most students 87.6%) were negatively affected by the pandemic, they were not satisfied with online education (79.7%), and the students' Nursing Education Stress Scale total, application and academic stress sub-dimension scores were high. In addition, a positive and weak relationship was found between the Nursing Education Stress Scale and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale.

Conclusion: It has been determined that nursing students have high educational stress level.
Desymmetrisation of Dienylsilanes. Stereoselective Access to Cyclitols and Carba-Sugars
Authors: Landais Yannick
Published: April 2022

The diastereo- and enantioselective functionalisation of 1,4-cyclohexadienylsilanes using Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation and aminohydroxylation offers a straightforward access to various classes of potent inhibitors of glycosidases. The scope and limitation of this desymmetrisation method is illustrated here with the synthesis of various conduritols, carba-sugars and carba-C-disaccharides.
Planned Releases of Genetically Modified Organisms into the Environment: the Evolution of Safety Considerations
Authors: Käppeli Othmar , Auberson Lillian
Published: April 2022

Issues of safety and risk have taken the foreground in discussions on the deliberate release of genetically modified organisms. In most cases, the organisms being introduced into the environment are modified versions of familiar organisms with a long history of safe use and are expected
to have no direct adverse effects for human health or for the environment. However, there is legitimate concern about the environmental fate of these organisms, in particular, about the genetic information which they carry. In the past, discussions of technological risk have often been based
on the terminology and logic of the familiar risk-assessment strategy developed for characterizing risks from hazardous chemical processes. While the direct transfer of this assessment model to evaluating contained biotechnological processes has been successful, attempts at molding the model
to the requirements of open systems have been unsatisfactory. To be meaningful, the safety evaluation for environmental releases must accomodate the distinguishing features of this open system: the lack of an intrinsic hazardous property, the lack of quantitative thresholds for adverse effects,
and the lack of a common currency in which to express potential damages. A survey of risk-assessment strategies in the chemical and biotechnological sectors is presented here. This will provide the necessary background to understanding the current situation of assessing and communicating the
risks associated with the reintroduction of familiar organisms into environments where they were already naturally present.
Durability of Concrete. New Admixtures for Quality and Durability Improvement of Concrete
Authors: Leikauf Bernhard , Oppliger Max
Published: April 2022

The lifetime of any concrete structure is limited by any environmental attack, engineering design, concrete composition and application. The attack on the concrete is initiated from outside, and any 'failure' of the surface properties can be a possible start for the deterioration of the whole structure.The surface quality of concrete is partially controlled by the mix design and the hydration process of the cement. Concrete needs water for the chemical reaction and produces significant heat while hydrating. Expansion and contraction due to temperature changes can cause serious cracks. The possible evaporation of excess mixing water is a function of time, relative humidity and wind exposure. The drying out of a non-protected concrete surface is a well-known phenomenon which contributes to the reduction of surface quality and is the major factor for drying shrinkage. Bonding to this surface is minimised, and shrinkage cracking with a low degree of hydration is common.Here will now be described a possible way of reducing these negative influences by means of the addition of a specially designed admixture to the fresh concrete at the batching plant. The addition of this admixture seems to overcome the compromise between a high water-cement ratio and too little water at the surface. Both decrease the lifetime of the whole concrete structure.
Natural Peptides with Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Jack Ralph W. , Jung Günther
Published: April 2022

Antibiosis is a mechanism by which many cell types control potential environmental takeover or pathogenicity by microbes, especially bacteria. It is now clear that a large proportion of the antimicrobial compounds produced by various cells and organisms including bacteria, fungi, plants,
insects, amphibia and mammals are antibiotics based around peptides. These antimicrobial peptides can be broadly subdivided into two groups: those which are produced by multienzyme complexes and those which are encoded by a structural gene, the transcription and translation of which results
in a peptide template which may (in some cases) undergo further enzymatic modifications. In this context, the chemistry, biosynthesis and functional aspects of a broad range of bioactive peptides from both subgroups will be briefly discussed, including: gramicidin, bacitracin, valinomycin,
alamethicin and polymixin B from the first group, and defensins (and related peptides), bacteriocins, lantibiotics and microcins from the second subgroup. From a biotechnological perspective, the peptide antibiotics produced by multienzyme complexes are open to a variety of manipulations to
produce novel antibiotic compounds, whilst the ribosomally synthesised peptides may be specifically altered by site-directed mutagenesis. Furthermore, the enzymes capable of transforming some ribosomally synthesised peptide antibiotics may be of particular interest to the biotechnologist,
because of the novel transformations of peptide substrates which they are able to perform.
The ChemFinder WebServer: Indexing Chemical Data on the Internet
Authors: Brecher Jonathan S.
Published: April 2022

The Internet offers a wealth of data on all topics, but chemical information provides unique challenges for searching. General-purpose indexing techniques are summarized, with a discussion of why those techniques are unsuited for use with chemical data. The ChemFinder WebServer, a WWW-based
chemical index, addresses some of the weaknesses in nonchemical search engines.
What's not in a name? Initial Explorations of a Structural Approach to Integrating Large Concept Knowledge-Bases
Authors:   Aachen University of Technology, Borgida Alex , Küsters Ralf
Published: April 2022

Aus der Einleitung: Given two ontologies/terminologies collections of terms and their 'meanings' as used in some universe of discourse (UofD), our general task is to integrate them into a single ontology, which captures the meanings of the original terms and their inter-relationships. This problem is motivated by several application scenarios: • First, such ontologies have been and are being developed independently by multiple groups for knowledge-based and other applications. Among others, medicine is an area in which such ontologies already abound [RZStGC, CCHJ94, SCC97]. • Second, a traditional step in database design has been so-called 'view integration': taking the descriptions of the database needs of different parts of an organization (called 'external views'), and coming up with a unified central schema (called the 'logical schema') for the database [BLN86]. Although the database views might be expressed in some low-level formalism, such as the relational data model, one can express the semantics (meta-data) in a more expressive notation, which can be thought of as an ontology. Then the integration of the ontologies can guide the integration of the views. • Finally, databases and semistructured data on the internet provide many examples where there are multiple, existing heterogeneous information sources, for which uniform access is desired. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to relate the contents of the various information sources. The approach of choice has been the development of a single, integrated ontology, starting from separate ontologies capturing the semantics of the heterogeneous sources[Kas97, CDGL+98]. Of course, we could just take the union of the two ontologies, and return the result as the integration. However, except for the case when the ontologies had absolutely nothing to do with each other, this seems inappropriate. Therefore part of our task will to be explore what it means to 'integrate' two ontologies. To help in this, we will in fact assume here that the ontologies are describing exactly the same aspects of the universe of discourse (UofD), leaving for a separate paper the issue of dealing with partially overlapping ontologies.
NExpTime-complete Description Logics with Concrete Domains
Authors:   RWTH Aachen, LuFg Theoretical Computer Science, Lutz Carsten
Published: April 2022

Aus der Einleitung: „Description logics (DLs) are a family of logical formalisms well-suited for the representation of and reasoning about conceptual knowledge on an abstract logical level. However, for many knowledge representation applications, it is essential to integrate the abstract logical knowledge with knowledge of a more concrete nature. As an example, consider the modeling of manufacturing processes, where it is necessary to represent 'abstract' entities like subprocesses and workpieces and also 'concrete' knowledge, e.g., about the duration of processes and physical dimensions of the manufactured objects [2; 25].”
The Complexity of Reasoning with Boolean Modal Logics
Authors:   RWTH Aachen, LuFg Theoretical Computer Science, Lutz Carsten , Sattler Ulrike ,   RWTH Aachen, LuFg Theoretical Computer Science
Published: April 2022

Since Modal Logics are an extension of Propositional Logic, they provide Boolean operators for constructing complex formulae. However, most Modal Logics do not admit Boolean operators for constructing complex modal parameters to be used in the box and diamond operators. This asymmetry is not present in Boolean Modal Logics, in which box and diamond quantify over arbitrary Boolean combinations of atomic model parameters.
Interval-based Temporal Reasoning with General TBoxes
Authors:   Aachen University of Technology, Lutz Carsten
Published: April 2022

Aus der Motivation: Description Logics (DLs) are a family of formalisms well-suited for the representation of and reasoning about knowledge. Whereas most Description Logics represent only static aspects of the application domain, recent research resulted in the exploration of various Description Logics that allow to, additionally, represent temporal information, see [4] for an overview. The approaches to integrate time differ in at least two important aspects: First, the basic temporal entity may be a time point or a time interval. Second, the temporal structure may be part of the semantics (yielding a multi-dimensional semantics) or it may be integrated as a so-called concrete domain. Examples for multi-dimensional point-based logics can be find in, e.g., [21;29], while multi-dimensional interval-based logics are used in, e.g., [23;2]. The concrete domain approach needs some more explanation. Concrete domains have been proposed by Baader and Hanschke as an extension of Description Logics that allows reasoning about 'concrete qualities' of the entities of the application domain such as sizes, length, or weights of real-worlds objects [5]. Description Logics with concrete domains do usually not use a fixed concrete domain; instead the concrete domain can be thought of as a parameter to the logic. As was first described in [16], if a 'temporal' concrete domain is employed, then concrete domains may be point-based, interval-based, or both.
Computing Least Common Subsumers in ALEN
Authors:   Institute for Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Küsters Ralf , Molitor Ralf ,   Swiss Life IT Research and Development Group Zürich
Published: April 2022

Computing the least common subsumer (lcs) in description logics is an inference task first introduced for sublanguages of CLASSIC. Roughly speaking, the lcs of a set of concept descriptions is the most specific concept description that subsumes all of the input descriptions. As such, the lcs allows to extract the commonalities from given concept descriptions, a task essential for several applications like, e.g., inductive learning, information retrieval, or the bottom-up construction of KR-knowledge bases. Previous work on the lcs has concentrated on description logics that either allow for number restrictions or for existential restrictions. Many applications, however, require to combine these constructors. In this work, we present an lcs algorithm for the description logic ALEN, which allows for both constructors (as well as concept conjunction, primitive negation, and value restrictions). The proof of correctness of our lcs algorithm is based on an appropriate structural characterization of subsumption in ALEN also introduced in this paper.
Matching Concept Descriptions with Existential Restrictions
Authors:   Aachen University of Technology, Baader Franz , Küsters Ralf
Published: April 2022

Matching of concepts with variables (concept patterns) is a relatively new operation that has been introduced in the context of description logics, originally to help filter out unimportant aspects of large concepts appearing in industrial-strength knowledge bases. Previous work has concentrated on (sub-)languages of CLASSIC, which in particular do not allow for existential restrictions. In this work, we present sound and complete decision algorithms for the solvability of matching problems and for computing sets of matchers for matching problems in description logics with existential restrictions.
Matching Concept Descriptions with Existential Restrictions Revisited
Authors:   Aachen University of Technology, Baader Franz , Küsters Ralf
Published: April 2022

An abridged version of this technical report has been submitted to KR 2000. Matching of concepts against patterns is a new inference task in Description Logics, which was originally motivated by applications of the CLASSIC system. Consequently, the work on this problem was until now mostly concerned with sublanguages of the Classic language, which does not allow for existential restrictions. Motivated by an application in chemical process engineering, which requires a description language with existential restrictions, this paper investigates the matching problem in Description Logics with existential restrictions. It turns out that existential restrictions make matching more complex in two respects. First, whereas matching in sublanguages of CLASSIC is polynomial, deciding the existence of matchers is an NP-complete problem in the presence of existential restrictions. Second, whereas in sublanguages of Classic solvable matching problems have a unique least matcher, this is not the case for languages with existential restrictions. Thus, it is not a priori clear which of the (possibly infinitely many) matchers should be returned by a matching algorithm. After determining the complexity of the decision problem, the present paper first investigates the question of what are 'interesting' sets of matchers, and then describes algorithms for computing these sets for the languages EL (which allows for conjunction and existential restrictions) and ALE (which additionally allows for value restrictions, primitive negation, and the bottom concept).
About the ways to improve the accuracy of mobile laser scanning results
Authors: КОВРОВ А.А.
Published: April 2022

В настоящее время технология мобильного лазерного сканирования все чаще используется при выполнении крупномасштабной топографической съемки автодорог и прилегающих к ним территорий и при обследовании дорожного полотна. Достоинства технологии мобильного лазерного сканирования — оперативность и точность получаемых результатов. В статье рассмотрены основные источники погрешностей, возникающих при съемке с использованием мобильных сканирующих систем. Проанализированы имеющиеся и предложены новые способы повышения точности результатов мобильного лазерного сканирования, а также приведена методика оценки их точности. На основе анализа показателей точности съемки с использованием мобильных сканирующих систем сделан вывод о возможности их применения для выполнения крупномасштабной топографической съемки автодорог и прилегающей территории. Установлено, что основным источником погрешностей является аппаратура глобальной навигационной спутниковой системы (далее - ГНСС), с использованием которой вычисляется траектория мобильного сканера. Показаны способы, с использованием которых возможно повысить точность съемки в условиях слабого или отсутствующего сигнала ГНСС. Рассмотрены вопросы оценки точности результатов мобильного лазерного сканирования. Показано, что если выставочные параметры компонентов мобильной системы сканирования были тщательно откалиброваны, то основной источник ошибок будет связан с работой навигационного блока и лидаров.В частности, при полной или частичной потере сигнала ГНСС, а также при значительной величине эффекта многопутности, точность определения положения и ориентации мобильной платформы будет снижаться.
Revising Message Passing Graph Neural Networks for Catalyst Design
Authors: Lukin Ruslan , Faleev Maxim , Grigorev Rostislav
Published: April 2022

Applying deep learning to search for catalysts is an important challenge for solving energy storage problems and the conversion of greenhouse gases into more valuable products caused by global warming. We present several graph neural networks (GNNs) in our work, including convolutional and message passing architectures with physically informed node and edge attributes for atomistic systems. We demonstrate an improvement in adsorption energy predictions on the OC20 dataset using our proposed architecture in terms of the mean absolute error of predicted energy and energy within threshold metrics. Proposed architectures are stable to overfitting and can be used to predict experimental and quantum chemical properties of a wide spectrum of materials and molecules. We propose the use of two GNN architectures (EdgeUpdateNet and OFMNet) together with an advanced featurization method of nodes and edges. We represent edge fingerprints as elements of interatomic interaction matrices (Coulomb matrix, Ewald sum matrix, Sine matrix). For node fingerprints, we use elements of the orbital field matrix (OFM), a one-hot representation of the electronic state of atoms with surrounding atomic orbitals. Also, we propose and implement the representation of catalytically active atoms as a subgraph. Proposed methods and architectures demonstrate improvement in the accuracy of adsorption energy predictions. Especially significant improvements are observed in out of domain examples for both adsorbates and catalysts. The generalizability and extrapolation capabilities on out of domain examples of the proposed architectures also make proposed GNNs feasible for use in catalyst screening in the vast chemical space.
Epithelial protective therapy in comorbid diseases. Practical Guidelines for Physicians
Authors: Simanenkov Vladimir I. , Maev Igor V. , Tkacheva Olga N. , Alekseenko Sergei A. , Andreev Dmitry , Bakulina Natalia V. , Bakulin Igor G. , Bordin Dmitry S. , Vlasov Timur D. , Vorobyeva Natalya M. , Grinevich Vladimir B. , Gubonina Irina V. , Drobizhev Michail Y. , Efremov Nikolay S. , Karateev Andrey E. , Kotovskaya Yulia V. , Kravchuk Iurii , Krivoborodov Grigory G. , Kulchavenya Ekaterina V. , Lila Aleksander M. , Maevskaya Marina V. , Nekrasova Anna S. , Poluektova Elena A. , Popkova Tatiana V. , Sablin Oleg A. , Solovyeva Olga I. , Suvorov Alexander N. , Tarasova Galina N. , Trukhan Dmity I. , Fedotova Anastasia V.
Published: April 2022

This document was produced with the support of the National Medical Association for the Study of Comorbidities (NASС).
In 2021 the first multidisciplinary National Consensus on the pathophysiological and clinical aspects of Increased Epithelial Permeability Syndrome was published. The proposed guidelines are developed on the basis of this Consensus, by the same team of experts. Twenty-eight Practical Guidelines for Physicians statements were adopted by the Expert Council using the "delphic" method. Such main groups of epithelial protective drugs as proton pump inhibitors, bismuth drugs and probiotics are discussed in these Guidelines from the positions of evidence-based medicine. The clinical and pharmacological characteristics of such a universal epithelial protector as rebamipide, acting at the preepithelial, epithelial and subepithelial levels, throughout gastrointestinal tract, are presented in detail.
Phospholipids alter activity and stability of mitochondrial membrane-bound ubiquitin ligase MARCH5
Authors: Merklinger Lisa , Bauer Johannes , Pedersen Per A , Damgaard Rune Busk , Morth J Preben
Published: April 2022

Mitochondrial homeostasis is tightly controlled by ubiquitination. The mitochondrial integral membrane ubiquitin ligase MARCH5 is a crucial regulator of mitochondrial membrane fission, fusion, and disposal through mitophagy. In addition, the lipid composition of mitochondrial membranes can determine mitochondrial dynamics and organelle turnover. However, how lipids influence the ubiquitination processes that control mitochondrial homeostasis remains unknown. Here, we show that lipids common to the mitochondrial membranes interact with MARCH5 and affect its activity and stability depending on the lipid composition in vitro. As the only one of the tested lipids, cardiolipin binding to purified MARCH5 induces a significant decrease in thermal stability, whereas stabilisation increases the strongest in the presence of phosphatidic acid. Furthermore, we observe that the addition of lipids to purified MARCH5 alters the ubiquitination pattern. Specifically, cardiolipin enhances auto-ubiquitination of MARCH5. Our work shows that lipids can directly affect the activity of ubiquitin ligases and suggests that the lipid composition in mitochondrial membranes could control ubiquitination-dependent mechanisms that regulate the dynamics and turnover of mitochondria.