bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Gender-Sensitive Care in Vocational Rehabilitation Providers Working With Youth With Disabilities: Codevelopment of an Educational Simulation (Preprint)
Authors: Lindsay Sally , Kolne Kendall , Barker Donna J , Colantonio Angela , Stinson Jennifer , Moll Sandra , Thomson Nicole
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Although research shows that there is a need for gender-specific vocational support to help youth with disabilities find employment, health care providers often report needing more training in this area. Currently, there are no existing educational simulations of gender-sensitive care within vocational rehabilitation for clinicians who provide care to youth with disabilities. Therefore, developing further educational tools that address gender-sensitive care could help them enhance the care they provide while optimizing patient outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to codevelop an educational simulation and identify issues relevant to providing gender-sensitive care within the context of vocational rehabilitation for youth with disabilities.

METHODS

We used a qualitative co-design approach with a purposive sampling strategy that involved focus group discussions and journal reflections to understand and address issues relevant to gender-sensitive care within vocational rehabilitation for those working with youth with disabilities. A total of 10 rehabilitation providers participated in two sessions (5 participants per session) to design the web-based simulation tool. The sessions (2.5 hours each) were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically.

RESULTS

Two main themes arose from our analysis of codeveloping a simulation focusing on gender-sensitive care. The first theme involved the relevance of gender within clinical practice; responses varied from hesitance to acknowledging but not talking about it to those who incorporated gender into their practice. The second theme focused on creating a comfortable and safe space to enable gender-sensitive care (ie, included patient-centered care, effective communication and rapport building, appropriate language and pronoun use, respecting gender identity, awareness of stereotypes, and responding to therapeutic ruptures).

CONCLUSIONS

Our web-based gender-sensitive care simulation that addressed vocational rehabilitation among youth with disabilities was cocreated with clinicians. The simulation highlights many issues relevant to clinical practice and has potential as an educational tool for those working with young people with disabilities.

CLINICALTRIAL
Physiologic Response to the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Measured Using Wearable Devices: Prospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hajduczok Alexander G , DiJoseph Kara M , Bent Brinnae , Thorp Audrey K , Mullholand Jon B , MacKay Stuart A , Barik Sabrina , Coleman Jamie J , Paules Catharine I , Tinsley Andrew
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine uses a novel messenger RNA technology to elicit a protective immune response. Short-term physiologic responses to the vaccine have not been studied using wearable devices.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to characterize physiologic changes in response to COVID-19 vaccination in a small cohort of participants using a wearable device (WHOOP Strap 3.0). This is a proof of concept for using consumer-grade wearable devices to monitor response to COVID-19 vaccines.

METHODS

In this prospective observational study, physiologic data from 19 internal medicine residents at a single institution that received both doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine was collected using the WHOOP Strap 3.0. The primary outcomes were percent change from baseline in heart rate variability (HRV), resting heart rate (RHR), and respiratory rate (RR). Secondary outcomes were percent change from baseline in total, rapid eye movement, and deep sleep. Exploratory outcomes included local and systemic reactogenicity following each dose and prophylactic analgesic use.

RESULTS

In 19 individuals (mean age 28.8, SD 2.2 years; n=10, 53% female), HRV was decreased on day 1 following administration of the first vaccine dose (mean –13.44%, SD 13.62%) and second vaccine dose (mean –9.25%, SD 22.6%). RHR and RR showed no change from baseline after either vaccine dose. Sleep duration was increased up to 4 days post vaccination, after an initial decrease on day 1. Increased sleep duration prior to vaccination was associated with a greater change in HRV. Local and systemic reactogenicity was more severe after dose two.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first observational study of the physiologic response to any of the novel COVID-19 vaccines as measured using wearable devices. Using this relatively small healthy cohort, we provide evidence that HRV decreases in response to both vaccine doses, with no significant changes in RHR or RR. Sleep duration initially decreased following each dose with a subsequent increase thereafter. Future studies with a larger sample size and comparison to other inflammatory and immune biomarkers such as antibody response will be needed to determine the true utility of this type of continuous wearable monitoring in regards to vaccine responses. Our data raises the possibility that increased sleep prior to vaccination may impact physiologic responses and may be a modifiable way to increase vaccine response. These results may inform future studies using wearables for monitoring vaccine responses.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04304703; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04304703
Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods in a Sample of Adolescents With Obesity and Its Association With the Food Educational Style of Their Parent: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Borloz Sylvie , Bucher Della Torre Sophie , Collet Tinh-Hai , Jotterand Chaparro Corinne
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Both parental education and the food environment influence dietary intake and may therefore contribute to childhood obesity.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to assess the consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) in a convenience sample of adolescents with obesity and to determine its association with the food educational style of their parent.

METHODS

This observational study included 24 participants, 12 adolescents (8 boys and 4 girls) aged from 12 to 14 years and their 12 parents, who were followed in a specialized pediatric obesity clinic in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. The adolescents were asked to take a photograph with a smartphone application of all meals and beverages consumed in their daily routine over 14 consecutive days. They evaluated their parent’s food educational style using the Kids’ Child Feeding Questionnaire. The parent who was present at the study visits also completed the Feeding Style Questionnaire. A dietitian analyzed the pictures to extract food group portions and to identify UPFs using the NOVA classification. A nonparametric statistical test was used to investigate associations between UPF intake and food educational style.

RESULTS

Overall, the adolescents had unbalanced dietary habits compared to national recommendations. They consumed an insufficient quantity of vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and starchy foods and an excessive amount of meat portions and sugary and fatty products compared to the current Swiss recommendations. Their consumption of UPFs accounted for 20% of their food intake. All adolescents defined their parent as being restrictive in terms of diet, with a mean parental restriction score of 3.3±SD 0.4 (norm median=2.1). No parent reported a permissive food educational style. A higher intake of UPFs was associated with a lower parental restriction score (P=.04).

CONCLUSIONS

Despite being followed in a specialized pediatric obesity clinic, this small group of adolescents had an unbalanced diet, which included 20% UPFs. The intake of UPFs was lower in participants whose parent was more restrictive, suggesting the importance of parents as role models and to provide adequate food at home.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03241121; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03241121
Consumer Wearables and the Integration of New Objective Measures in Oncology: Patient and Provider Perspectives (Preprint)
Authors: Fonseka Lakshan N , Woo Benjamin KP
Published: March 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

With one in five adults in the United States owning a smartwatch or fitness tracker, these devices are poised to impact all aspects of medicine by offering a more objective approach to replace self-reported data. Oncology has proved to be a prototypical example, and wearables offer immediate benefits to patients and oncologists with the ability to track symptoms and health metrics in real time. We aimed to review the recent literature on consumer-grade wearables and its current applications in cancer from the perspective of both the patient and the provider. The relevant studies suggested that these devices offer benefits, such as improved medication adherence and accuracy of symptom tracking over self-reported data, as well as insights that increase patient empowerment. Physical activity is consistently correlated with stronger patient outcomes, and a patient’s real-time metrics were found to be capable of tracking medication side effects and toxicity. Studies have made associations between wearable data and telomere shortening, cardiovascular disease, alcohol consumption, sleep apnea, and other conditions. The objective data obtained by the wearable presents a more complete picture of an individual’s health than the snapshot of a 15-minute office visit and a single set of vital signs. Real-time metrics can be translated into a digital phenotype that identifies risk factors specific to each patient, and shared risk factors across one’s social network may uncover common environmental exposures detrimental to one’s health. Wearable data and its upcoming integration with social media will be the foundation for the next generation of personalized medicine.
The co.LAB Generic Framework for Collaborative Design of Serious Games: Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jaccard Dominique , Suppan Laurent , Sanchez Eric , Huguenin Audrey , Laurent Maxence
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Serious games are increasingly used at all levels of education. However, research shows that serious games do not always fulfill all the targeted pedagogical objectives. Designing efficient and engaging serious games is a difficult and multidisciplinary process that requires a collaborative approach. Many design frameworks have been described, most of which are dedicated to the development of specific types of serious games and take the collaborative dimension into account only to a limited extent.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to create a generic serious game design framework that could be adapted to all kinds of serious games and implemented in a collaborative web platform.

METHODS

We combined the results of a literature review with our experience in serious game design and development to determine the basic building blocks of a collaborative design framework. We then organized these building blocks into categories and determined the features that a generic design framework should include. Finally, based on the paradigm of complex systems and systemic modelling, we created the co.LAB generic design framework and specifications to allow its implementation in a collaborative web platform.

RESULTS

Based on a total of 10 existing design methodologies or frameworks, 23 building blocks were identified and represent the foundation of the co.LAB framework. These blocks were organized into 5 categories: “context and objectives,” “game design,” “mechanics,” “learning design,” and “assessment.” The arrangement by categories provides a structure that can be visualized in multiple and complementary ways. The classical view links game and learning design while other views offer project, systemic, and process visualizations. For the implementation of the co.LAB framework in a web platform, we propose to convert the building blocks into “cards.” Each card would constitute a collaborative working space for the design of the corresponding block. To make the framework adaptive, cards could be added, adapted, or removed according to the kind of serious game intended. Enhancing the visualization of relationships between cards should support a systemic implementation of the framework.

CONCLUSIONS

By offering a structured view of the fundamental design elements required to create serious games, the co.LAB framework can facilitate the design and development of such games by virtue of a collaborative, adaptive, and systemic approach. The different visualizations of the building blocks should allow for a shared understanding and a consistent approach throughout the design and development process. The implementation of the co.LAB framework in a collaborative web platform should now be performed and its actual usability and effectiveness tested.
Feasibility of an Interactive Health Coaching Mobile App to Prevent Malnutrition and Muscle Loss in Esophageal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: Prospective Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Kyungmi , Oh Dongryul , Noh Jae Myoung , Yoon Han Gyul , Sun Jong-Mu , Kim Hong Kwan , Zo Jae Ill , Shim Young Mog , Ko Hyunyoung , Lee Jungeun , Kim Youngin
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Excessive muscle loss is an important prognostic factor in esophageal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT), as reported in our previous research.

OBJECTIVE

In this pilot study, we prospectively tested the feasibility of a health coaching mobile app for preventing malnutrition and muscle loss in this patient population.

METHODS

Between July 2019 and May 2020, we enrolled 38 male patients with esophageal cancer scheduled for NACRT. For 8 weeks from the start of radiotherapy (RT), the patients used Noom, a health coaching mobile app that interactively provided online advice about food intake, exercise, and weight changes. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) measured based on computed tomography and nutrition-related laboratory markers were assessed before and after RT. We evaluated the changes in the SMI, nutrition, and inflammatory factors between the patient group that used the mobile app (mHealth group) and our previous study cohort (usual care group). Additionally, we analyzed the factors associated with walk steps recorded in the app.

RESULTS

Two patients dropped out of the study (no app usage; treatment changed to a definitive aim). The use (or activation) of the app was noted in approximately 70% (25/36) of the patients until the end of the trial. Compared to the 1:2 matched usual care group by propensity scores balanced with their age, primary tumor location, tumor stage, pre-RT BMI, and pre-RT SMI level, 30 operable patients showed less aggravation of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) (–6.7 vs –9.8; P=.04). However, there was no significant difference in the SMI change or the number of patients with excessive muscle loss (∆SMI/50 days >10%). In patients with excessive muscle loss, the walk steps significantly decreased in the last 4 weeks compared to those in the first 4 weeks. Age affected the absolute number of walk steps (P=.01), whereas pre-RT sarcopenia was related to the recovery of the reduced walk steps (P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

For esophageal cancer patients receiving NACRT, a health care mobile app helped nutritional self-care with less decrease in the PNI, although it did not prevent excessive muscle loss. An individualized care model with proper exercise as well as nutritional support may be required to reduce muscle loss and malnutrition.
Development of and Experiences With an Informational Website on Early Labor: Qualitative User Involvement Study (Preprint)
Authors: Myhre Enid Leren , Garnweidner-Holme Lisa , Dahl Bente , Reigstad Marte Myhre , Lukasse Mirjam
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

The period of regular contractions before 4 cm of cervical dilatation is often referred to as the latent phase or early labor. Women find it challenging to prepare for and cope with this phase of labor, and easily accessed web-based information from reliable sources may be useful in this preparation.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to describe the development of a Norwegian website, Latens.no, for people seeking information on early labor and to explore users’ experiences with the website to increase its user-friendliness.

METHODS

We developed a website using an iterative process involving a multidisciplinary research team, health personnel, users, a graphic designer, and an expert in software development. We explored the website’s user-friendliness using semistructured individual interviews and the think-aloud method. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. We then analyzed the participants’ feedback on the website.

RESULTS

Participants included women who had recently given birth to their first baby (n=2), women who were pregnant with their first baby (n=4), and their partners (n=2). Results from participants’ experiences completing tasks included positive feedback related to the content of Latens.no, positive feedback related to the website’s design, and suggestions for improvement. Participants wanted to find information on early labor on the internet. Moreover, they found the information on the website relevant, trustworthy, and easy to read, and the design was attractive and easy to use. Overall, the participants performed the tasks easily, with few clicks and minimal effort.

CONCLUSIONS

The think-aloud method, while performing tasks, allowed for detailed feedback. The participants confirmed the user-friendliness of the website but at the same time provided information enabling improvement. We expect that changes made based on this user-centered design study will further increase the usability and acceptability of Latens.no.

CLINICALTRIAL
Smart Assistive Technology for Cooking for People With Cognitive Impairments Following a Traumatic Brain Injury: User Experience Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gagnon-Roy Mireille , Pinard Stéphanie , Bottari Carolina , Le Morellec Fanny , Laliberté Catherine , Ben Lagha Rym , Yaddaden Amel , Pigot Hélène , Giroux Sylvain , Bier Nathalie
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

User experience (UX), including usability, should be formally assessed multiple times throughout the development process to optimize the acceptability and integration of a new technology before implementing it within the home environment of people living with cognitive impairments.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to identify UX issues, notably usability issues, and factors to consider for the future implementation of the COOK (Cognitive Orthosis for Cooking) within the home of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to identify modifications to improve the technology.

METHODS

This study comprised two rounds of UX evaluations, including extensive usability testing, which were completed in a laboratory context: 3 sessions with 5 experts and, after improvement of COOK, 2 sessions with 10 participants with TBI. Each session included the use of scenarios and questionnaires on UX and usability.

RESULTS

Both rounds demonstrated good usability outcomes and hedonic qualities. Various usability issues were identified by participants, such as navigation inconsistencies, technical bugs, and the need for more feedback. Factors to consider in the future implementation of COOK were also mentioned by participants with TBI, including environmental (eg, space available and presence of pets) and personal factors (eg, level of comfort with technology, presence of visual deficits, and preferences).

CONCLUSIONS

By evaluating UX, including usability, various times throughout the development process and including experts and end users, our research team was able to develop a technology that was perceived as usable, pleasant, and well-designed. This research is an example of how and when people with cognitive impairments (ie, people with TBI) can be involved in evaluating the UX of new technology.
Lessons Learned From Beta-Testing a Facebook Group Prototype to Promote Treatment Use in the “Connecting Alaska Native People to Quit Smoking” (CAN Quit) Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sinicrope Pamela S , Young Colleen D , Resnicow Ken , Merritt Zoe T , McConnell Clara R , Hughes Christine A , Koller Kathryn R , Bock Martha J , Decker Paul A , Flanagan Christie A , Meade Crystal D , Thomas Timothy K , Prochaska Judith J , Patten Christi A
Published: March 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Social media provides an effective tool to reach, engage, and connect smokers in cessation efforts. Our team developed a Facebook group, CAN Quit (Connecting Alaska Native People to Quit smoking), to promote use of evidence-based smoking cessation resources for Alaska Native people living in Alaska, which are underused despite their effectiveness. Often separated by geography and climate, Alaska Native people prefer group-based approaches for tobacco cessation that support their culture and values. Such preferences make Alaska Native people candidates for social media–based interventions that promote connection. This viewpoint discusses the steps involved and lessons learned in building and beta-testing our Facebook group prototype, which will then be evaluated in a pilot randomized controlled trial. We describe the process of training moderators to facilitate group engagement and foster community, and we describe how we developed and tested our intervention prototype and Facebook group. All parts of the prototype were designed to facilitate use of evidence-based cessation treatments. We include recommendations for best practices with the hope that lessons learned from the CAN Quit prototype could provide a model for others to create similar platforms that benefit Alaska Native and American Indian people in the context of smoking cessation.
Sensing Apps and Public Data Sets for Digital Phenotyping of Mental Health: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Mendes Jean P M , Moura Ivan R , Van de Ven Pepijn , Viana Davi , Silva Francisco J S , Coutinho Luciano R , Teixeira Silmar , Rodrigues Joel J P C , Teles Ariel Soares
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Mental disorders are normally diagnosed exclusively on the basis of symptoms, which are identified from patients’ interviews and self-reported experiences. To make mental health diagnoses and monitoring more objective, different solutions have been proposed such as digital phenotyping of mental health (DPMH), which can expand the ability to identify and monitor health conditions based on the interactions of people with digital technologies.

OBJECTIVE

This article aims to identify and characterize the sensing applications and public data sets for DPMH from a technical perspective.

METHODS

We performed a systematic review of scientific literature and data sets. We searched 8 digital libraries and 20 data set repositories to find results that met the selection criteria. We conducted a data extraction process from the selected articles and data sets. For this purpose, a form was designed to extract relevant information, thus enabling us to answer the research questions and identify open issues and research trends.

RESULTS

A total of 31 sensing apps and 8 data sets were identified and reviewed. Sensing apps explore different context data sources (eg, positioning, inertial, ambient) to support DPMH studies. These apps are designed to analyze and process collected data to classify (n=11) and predict (n=6) mental states/disorders, and also to investigate existing correlations between context data and mental states/disorders (n=6). Moreover, general-purpose sensing apps are developed to focus only on contextual data collection (n=9). The reviewed data sets contain context data that model different aspects of human behavior, such as sociability, mood, physical activity, sleep, with some also being multimodal.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review provides in-depth analysis regarding solutions for DPMH. Results show growth in proposals for DPMH sensing apps in recent years, as opposed to a scarcity of public data sets. The review shows that there are features that can be measured on smart devices that can act as proxies for mental status and well-being; however, it should be noted that the combined evidence for high-quality features for mental states remains limited. DPMH presents a great perspective for future research, mainly to reach the needed maturity for applications in clinical settings.
A Schematic View of Government as a Regulator and Insurer of the Financial System
Authors: Rousseau Henri-Paul
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this paper is to present a schematic of the interactions between the government as the REGULATOR of financial institutions and the government as the INSURER of financial institutions while considering the long-term feedback relationships between the size and the scope of the financial sector and the level of public debt resulting from financial crises over time. The analysis concludes that at certain high level of public debt and size of the expected support of the financial sector by the government, the regulator and/or the central bank may have to “stabilize” the situation, but there may be cases where the support becomes socially “unacceptable”.
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS OF 1,5-BIS (3'-ETHOXY-4'-HYDROXYPHENYL)-1,4–PENTADIENT-3–ONE SYNTHESIS WITH FOOD GRADE RAW MATERIAL
Authors: MUMPUNI ESTI , MULATSARI ESTI , PUWANGGANA AGUS , VICY SOLA FIDE
Published: March 2021

Objective: This research aims to develop the 1,5-bis (3'-ethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadient-3-one (EHP) synthesis method from ethyl vanilin with food-grade quality and determines the order reaction and formation reaction rate constant of EHP.

Methods: Synthesis of the EHP was carried out by reflux the starting material, ethyl vanillin (food grade) of various weights, acetone and hydrochloric acid as catalysts. The reflux results are then condensed for two days at cold temperatures. Determination of the reaction order and reaction rate constants are carried out by the graph method based on the reduction in the concentration of ethyl vanilin, which reacts with acetone each time unit.

Results: The results showed the formation of EHP, which was synthesized by starting material of ethyl vanilin food grade 4 and 8 grams following pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics with reaction rate constants respectively 0,0116/minute and 0,005/minute. The formation of EHP, which was synthesized by starting material ethyl vanilin food grade 16 and 18 grams following zero-order reaction kinetics with reaction rate constants respectively 0,1451 mg/ml minute and 0,248 mg/ml minute.

Conclusion: The synthesis of EHP from ethyl vanilin with food-grade quality has been success develop. The order reaction kinetics are different in the different mass of ethyl vanillin used.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PRECIROL ATO 88 BASE IN NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS (NLC) FORMULATION WITH THE PROBE SONICATION METHOD
Authors: JAFAR GARNADI , ABDASSAH MARLINE , RUSDIANA TAOFIK , KHAIRUNISA RIZKI
Published: March 2021

Objective: Adapalene is a medicinal ingredient that can be used to treat acne. Adapalene has a Log P value of 8.6 and has high lipophilic and low solubility in water and is potentially degraded. Adapalene NLC can increase biphasic drug penetration at low doses but has good reactivity and provides occlusive properties that can increase skin hydration, thereby accelerating acne treatment.

Methods: Forming Adapalene NLC using the method of heat homogenization followed by ultrasonication probe. The NLC formulas used were Precirol ATO5 ®4.0%, Myritol ® 2%, Cremophor RH 40 1%, Plantacare 1%, Tegocare 1%, and Adapalene 0.3%. Following that is the characterization of particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, efficiency entrapment.

Results: The results showed the measurement of particle size with a range (150-318 nm), index polydispersion showed (0.12-0.36) and zeta potential (-26)-(-60 mV) and efficient entrapment testing showed results (84-98 %). In the TEM morphological evaluation of images showing spherical and evenly distributed forms, this is in line with the results of the adapalene NLC characterization.

Conclusion: These results suggest that NLC containing adapalene showed excellent result.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND RATE OF DIFFUSION TRANSETHOSOME CURCUMIN USING A COMBINATION OF TWEEN 60 AND SPAN 60 AS SURFACTANT
Authors: AMALIA ANISA , SRIFIANA YUDI , ANWAR AMALIA
Published: March 2021

Objective: Curcumin penetration can be increased by formulating it into the transethosome system. Surfactant is one of the transethosome components that affect the physical properties and penetration of vesicles. In this study, a combination of two surfactants was used to see the effect of surfactants on physical properties and curcumin penetration.

Methods: This study used a combination of tween 60 and span 60 with a concentration ratio of 0:5 (F1), 1:1 (F2), 2:1 (F3), and 1:2 (F4). An evaluation included testing the distribution of particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency in the system. Evaluation continued with the determination of the diffusion rate in vitro. 

Results: The transethosome system formed has a particle size of 167.9±4.7 nm-396±3.7 nm with a potential zeta value (-) 49.54±1.77 mV-(-) 59.05±0.95 mV, polydispersion index 0.0%-57.1% and entrapment efficiency of 83.76%-93.75%. The diffusion rate of F1 and F3 followed the Higuchi kinetics model, while F2 and F4 followed zero-order kinetics and the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics.

Conclusion: The combination of tween 60 and span 60 could form a nano-sized transethosome of curcumin. Diffusion rate testing results show that using a surfactant combination can increase the diffusion rate of curcumin, where there is a significant difference between each formula (p<0.05).
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION METHOD OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE AND 4-HYDROXYCYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE WITH 4-HYDROXYCYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE-D4 AS INTERNAL STANDARD IN DRIED BLOOD SPOTS USING UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: HASANAH YESI IHDINA FITYATAL , HARAHAP YAHDIANA , SURYADI HERMAN
Published: March 2021

Objective: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is anticancer of the alkylating agent (nitrogen mustard) and a prodrug which will be metabolized into an active metabolite form, 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide (4-OHCP). Therefore, the effectiveness of therapy with CP is determined by its metabolites concentration. The purpose of this study was to obtain a validated analytical method of CP and 4-OHCP simultaneously and sensitively in dried blood spots with SIL (Stable Isotope Labeled) 4-OHCP-d4 as the internal standard using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, so optimization and full validation are conducted in this research.

Methods: A simpler analytical method was developed and validated to quantify CP and 4-OHCP in DBS samples using an Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). A linear regression was used as the statistical analysis method. Sample preparation was performed by protein precipitation using methanol. The separation was performed on UPLC H-Class BEH C18 column using formic acid 0.01%-acetonitrile as the mobile phase in gradient mode at 0.2 ml/minute. The mass detection was performed on Waters Xevo TQD using ESI+for CP, 4-OHCP-SCZ, and IS 4-OHCP-d4-SCZ with m/z value: 261.03>140.16; 334.10>221.04; and 338.10>225.06.

Results: This method was linear within the range of 10–40,000 ng/ml for CP and 5–4,000 ng/ml for 4-OHCP. Lower Limit of Quantification (LLOQ) concentration of CP was 10 ng/ml and 4-OHCP was 5 ng/ml.

Conclusion: This method has successfully fulfilled the validation requirement referring to the 2011 EMA and 2018 FDA guidelines.
A NEW HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR THE SEPARATION AND SIMULTANEOUS QUANTIFICATION OF EPTIFIBATIDE AND ITS IMPURITIES IN PHARMACEUTICAL INJECTION FORMULATION
Authors: GIRIJA K. SRI , KASIMALA BIKSHAL BABU , ANNA VENKATESWARA RAO
Published: March 2021

Objective: The objective of the present study is to develop a stability-indicating reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for qualitative and quantitative determination of Eptifibatide and its impurities in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Methods: The chromatographic separation was carried on Phenomenex Luna C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm; 5µ id) as stationary phase, methanol and phosphate buffer at pH 6.4 in the ratio of 65:45 (v/v) as mobile phase at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, Ultra Violet (UV) detection was carried at the wavelength of 236 nm and the analysis was completed with a run time of 15 min.

Results: In the developed conditions, the retention time of Eptifibatide and its impurities 1 and 2 were found to be 3.35, 4.93 and 8.18 min, respectively. The method was validated for system suitability, range of analysis, precision, specificity, stability and robustness. Spiked recovery at 50%, 100% and 150% was carried for both standard and impurities and the acceptable % recovery of 98-102 was observed for Eptifibatide and both impurities studied and the % Relative standard deviation (RSD) in each spiked level was found to be less than 2. Stability tests were done through the exposure of the analyte solution to five different stress conditions i. e expose to 1N Hydrochloric acid (HCl), 1 N Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 3% Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 80 °C temperature to UV radiation. In all the degradation conditions, standard drug Eptifibatide was detected along with both the impurities studied and the degradation products were successfully separated. In the formulation analysis, there is no other chromatographic detection of other impurities and formulation excipients.

Conclusion: The developed method was found to be suitable for the quantification of Eptifibatide and can separate and analyse impurities 1 and 2.
ISOTRETINOIN FOR TREATING ACNE VULGARIS
Authors: SITOHANG IRMA BERNADETTE S.
Published: March 2021

Acne vulgaris (AV) occurs in more than 80% of dermatological cases in adolescents and young adults and affects the quality of life. Oral isotretinoin, a metabolite product of vitamin A, is well-known to be the most effective treatment for severe nodulocystic AV and moderate AV that does not respond to other therapeutic modalities. Thus, this literature review was conducted to explain the mechanism of action, effectiveness, contraindications, side effects, and safety of oral isotretinoin in AV, which provided essential information for dermatologists. Furthermore, isotretinoin is the only treatment modality that has implications for the entire pathogenesis of acne. It contributes to decreasing corneocytes’ adhesion, supporting cellular proliferation and follicular renewal, induction of cell apoptosis, and immune regulation. The effectiveness of AV therapy with isotretinoin has expanded as it is also indicated for moderate to severe AV that does not respond well to topical combination therapy or systemic antibiotics. However, isotretinoin is included in Category X drugs and may induce many side effects from mucocutaneous effects to teratogenicity. From this extensive literature review, it can be concluded that isotretinoin is one of the treatment modalities for acne with good effectivity due to its mechanism of actions that affect the entire acne pathogenesis. Considering the various side effects of isotretinoin, its use requires adequate clinical assessment and monitoring by a dermatologist.
BINGE EATING DISORDERS; UPDATED AND EMERGING APPROACHES
Authors: TEAIMA MAHMOUD , HAMID MAGDI M. ABDEL , SHOMAN NABIL A. , JASTI BHASKARA R. , EL-NABARAWI MOHAMED A. , YASSER MOHAMED
Published: March 2021

Objective: Binge eating disorders (BED) recently become a global health care issue for clinicians with detrimental effects on all organ systems. A multidisciplinary strategy including pharmacotherapy is required for its management.

Methods: This review is intended to comparatively evaluate the relative efficacy of different pharmacological agents in BED treatment with new therapeutic approaches, focusing on the clinical evidence and on Phase III randomized controlled trials.

Results: Data suggest that certain treatments have advantages over placebos to reduce binge eating features; however, the small duration of such research with the lack of adequately sized trials was the major limitation in interpreting these findings. Furthermore, these medications are mostly not greatly efficient for BED associated with obesity except for topiramate, which markedly improves the features of binge episodes with weight loss. Till now, lisdexamfetamine is still the only drug with regulatory permission for BED therapy; however, its weight loss efficacy has not been established.

Conclusion: Drugs alone or in combination approaches may be useful pharmacotherapies to yield promising outcomes acutely and over longer-term follow-up in the treatment of BED.
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND COCONUT OIL INCORPORATED BIOPOLYMER BASED ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS FOR WOUND DRESSING
Authors: SAHOO SUBHASHREE , TRIPATHY JOGABRATA , MOIN AFRASIM , S. MEENAKSHI , SIDDARAMAIAH  , GOWDA D.V.
Published: March 2021

Objective: The main aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the nanofiber loaded with coconut oil and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for the treatment of wound healing by the electrospun method.

Methods: The nanofibers have been created using the reduced form of silver nanoparticles and coconut oil along with Eudragit L-100 by the electrospun method. The presence of coconut oil and chemical interaction was determined by the FTIR method. XRD was made to evaluate the crystalline nature of AgNPs and Eudragit L-100. TEM was carried out to show the presence of AgNPs on the surface of nanofibers and SEM represents the diameter of the fiber. The antibacterial activity of nanofibers was carried out using a disk diffusion assay.

Results: The diameter of the fibers was diminished by the excess of AgNPs in the fibers, while it increases by the coconut oil concentration, enhancing the nanofiber's hydrophilicity. FTIR spectroscopy was found in the range of coconut oil at 3553 cm-1for O-H stretch, 1365 cm-1, and 1240 cm-1 for the C-O stretch of ester groups. The diffraction peaks at 2θ of 38.5°, 44.6°, and 64.7°, in the XRD spectra of nanofiber, changed with silver NP affirming the total decrease of Ag salt. The bactericidal activity has been carried out between Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showing zones of inhibition of 20.0±0.2 mm and 14.8±0.4 mm, exhibiting excellent bactericidal characteristics for wound healing.

Conclusion: The formulated nanofibers were obtained to offer protection against external agents and help in the regeneration of new tissue.
The Location of AIDS
Authors: Muldoon Aaron
Published: March 2021

We could easily characterise the emergent field of posthumanism as a critique of various forms of boundary. For instance, posthumanism casts its critical eye on the boundary between human and nonhuman and the boundary between what counts as the body and what does not. The biomedical discourse on AIDS—and on immunology in general—is profoundly shaped by the imposition and reinforcement of various boundaries and distinctions. Foremost amongst these are the boundary between the body and infection and the distinction between different types of bodies (black/white, gay/straight). The following essay explores the subversive potential of applying a posthumanist critique of boundaries and distinctions to the discourse on AIDS and its representations, with a particular focus on those found in Essex Hemphill’s poem “Vital Signs”.
Кафедра физического материаловедения НИТУ «МИСиС»: наша стратегия – взаимодействие науки и высоких технологий
Authors: Крылова А.Е. , Лаврентьева О.А.
Published: March 2021

Университетская наука традиционно выполняет несколько важнейших функций. Благодаря ей проходят профессиональную подготовку студенты и аспиранты, получая ценный опыт работы под руководством специалистов высокой квалификации – доцентов и профессоров. Совместная работа дает хорошие научные результаты, которые в дальнейшем воплощаются в новые технологии. Залог успешной работы учебно-научного коллектива состоит не только в профессионализме сотрудников, но и в том, какое оборудование есть в их распоряжении и насколько оно соответствует современным требованиям. Об истории создания, сегодняшнем дне, перспективах развития, а также направлениях исследований и оснащенности лабораторий нам рассказали руководители и сотрудники кафедры.
Чем сложнее аналитическая задача, тем ярче проявляются уникальные характеристики наших приборов
Authors: Артаев В.Б.
Published: March 2021

Корпорация LECO широко известна во всем мире как разработчик и производитель аналитического оборудования высокого класса. Одно из направлений ее деятельности – ​LECO Separation Science – ​связано с развитием и совершенствованием техники хромато-масс-спектрометрии на основе времяпролетных масс-спектрометров (ВПМС) в сочетании с газовыми хроматографами (ГХ). Технический директор направления Вячеслав Борисович Артаев рассказал о работе подразделения, о новых продуктах, их особенностях и преимуществах.
UMA POSSIBILIDADE PERDIDA PARA O DIREITO PENAL: CONSCIÊNCIA E VONTADE NO HORIZONTE HERMENÊUTICO DO FINALISMO
Authors: Diniz Thiago Dias de Matos
Published: March 2021

A verificação e atribuição do elemento subjetivo aos agentes, sujeitos de direito, sempre foi um desafio para a normatividade jurídica. O problema se encontra embaçado por uma série de encurtamentos conceituais oriundos da tradição ocidental metafísica sedimentada. Seus reflexos são especialmente nefastos no direito penal, cujo papel garantidor (epistemológico) falece diante da impossibilidade conceitual de delimitar, às últimas consequências, a imputação do tipo doloso. Este trabalho propõe uma investigação fenomenológica do problema e suas raízes, a partir da interpretação dos autores que contribuíram para o campo de constituição do finalismo penal, uma escola que quase deu o passo decisivo para a ressignificação das noções de ação, representação e vontade no direito. O objetivo do trabalho é mostrar em que medida esse passo não foi dado, e, então, demonstra-se o potencial ainda aberto de ressignificação hermenêutica desse espaço de constituição do sujeito de direito.
Hyper-optimized tensor network contraction
Authors: Gray Johnnie , Kourtis Stefanos
Published: March 2021

Tensor networks represent the state-of-the-art in computational methods across many disciplines, including the classical simulation of quantum many-body systems and quantum circuits. Several applications of current interest give rise to tensor networks with irregular geometries. Finding the best possible contraction path for such networks is a central problem, with an exponential effect on computation time and memory footprint. In this work, we implement new randomized protocols that find very high quality contraction paths for arbitrary and large tensor networks. We test our methods on a variety of benchmarks, including the random quantum circuit instances recently implemented on Google quantum chips. We find that the paths obtained can be very close to optimal, and often many orders or magnitude better than the most established approaches. As different underlying geometries suit different methods, we also introduce a hyper-optimization approach, where both the method applied and its algorithmic parameters are tuned during the path finding. The increase in quality of contraction schemes found has significant practical implications for the simulation of quantum many-body systems and particularly for the benchmarking of new quantum chips. Concretely, we estimate a speed-up of over 10,000×compared to the original expectation for the classical simulation of the Sycamore `supremacy' circuits.
Uma sequência didática com experimentação no ensino do efeito fotoelétrico
Authors: Maior de Sousa Mikael Souto , Parente Wladimir Ferreira
Published: March 2021

A Física Moderna e Contemporânea (FMC) está presente no cotidiano e graças aos seus avanços tecnológicos foram possíveis hoje temos aparelhos como smartphones, notebooks, GPS, etc. Devido à importância desse ramo da Física estar presente no cotidiano dos educandos, faz-se necessário, como se prevê na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), a inserção desse ramo no ensino básico. Entretanto, muitas vezes essa nova Física é deixada de lado às vezes por despreparo por parte dos professores e às vezes por questões conteudistas no que tange os processos de vestibulares/ENEM. Sendo assim, este trabalho visou a implementação de uma sequência didática para o ensino de Física Moderna, em especial ao processo de quantização da energia e o efeito fotoelétrico, através de abordagens metodológicas ativas buscando dar significância aos conteúdos abordados para os discentes do ensino básico.
Doping no esporte: o que jovens estudantes-atletas sabem?
Authors: Heinrich Manoela Leiria , Oliveira Maria Eduarda Figueiredo Canabarro de , Cardoso Nicole Marceli Nunes , Vasques Daniel Giordani
Published: March 2021

A partir do assunto doping e antidoping no esporte, este estudo procurou saber o que os alunos-atletas sabiam sobre doping. O objetivo foi compreender quais eram os conhecimentos dos alunos-atletas sobre doping e antidoping. A amostra da pesquisa contou com 15 sujeitos, que são estudantes-atletas do Colégio de Aplicação e que treinavam voleibol ou futsal. Para realizar a pesquisa, foi aplicado um questionário com questões sobre descrição, treinos e competições, doping e antidoping. A pesquisa contou com atletas de 14 a 19 anos. A maioria dos alunos-atletas disputava competições regionais, alguns disputavam competições estaduais, e somente um afirmou competir em nível nacional. Pode-se observar que muitos atletas não souberam explicar com suas palavras o que era doping e, com isso, não souberam indicar quais substâncias são assim consideradas. Porém, é de grande importância que os alunos/atletas aprendam, desde cedo, sobre doping e antidoping, já que o uso dessa estratégia de trapaça pode acarretar em punições.
Memoriais na Educação de Jovens e Adultos: vidas, histórias, escritas reflexivas e autobiográficas
Authors: Arenhaldt Rafael , Benvenuti Juçara
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho apresenta e reflete sobre uma experiência didático-pedagógica de escrita de Memoriais Formativos com sujeitos da educação de jovens e adultos (EJA) em uma escola pública de Porto Alegre. Buscamos, neste ensaio reflexivo, contextualizar esta experiência significativa empreendida com os estudantes da EJA do ensino fundamental, bem como visibilizar o dispositivo da escrita de memoriais como uma estratégia educativa potente nas trajetórias de vida. Em outras palavras, cabe aqui problematizar, enquanto disposição investigativa, de que modo os movimentos reflexivos são manifestos no processo de escrita autobiográfica. Ao relatar o trabalho desenvolvido em aulas do componente curricular Projeto de Investigação (PI), apresentamos os marcadores explicitados e evidenciados no processo de escrita deste público. Os encontros permitiram a preparação, o acompanhamento da construção e a própria produção do memorial.
A Iniciação Científica como experiência para a escolha profissional
Authors: Machado Alessandra Pereira Gomes , Santos Heloísa De Andrade Rodrigues
Published: March 2021

A avaliação diagnóstica da fluência em leitura oral é realizada por meio da análise de processos da leitura em voz alta baseado no modelo de leitura desenvolvido por Machado (2018). No projeto de iniciação científica do Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (Codap/UFS) por meio do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica no Ensino Médio (PIBIC-EM), as atividades desenvolvidas atendem à proposta de realizar a edição, a codificação e a transcrição ortográfica dos áudios da leitura em voz alta dos estudantes do 6º ano do Codap/UFS. Este relato de experiência tem o objetivo de mostrar a relação entre a participação neste projeto e a escolha profissional da discente de iniciação científica do ensino médio. Com o envolvimento na pesquisa, a discente relata as contribuições para a formação acadêmica e para o novo olhar para o estudo da Língua Portuguesa.