bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE COMPARISON OF THE PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL INFLUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN CONVALESCENTS AND CONTROLS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: İYİGÜN Gözde , ÖKSÜZ Sevim , GÜÇHAN TOPÇU Zehra , DEPRELİ Özde , ÖZDİL Aytül
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To compare the fatigue and dyspnea level, respiratory function, mental fatigue, sleep quality, and social influence of the COVID-19 pandemic in convalescent and controls and to explore the relationship between these characteristics in both groups.

Methods: A total of 352 participants, including COVID-19 convalescent (n=176) and controls (n=176), participated in this study. The following instruments were used by online technologies: Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to investigate fatigue and dyspnea level, Single Breath Counting (SBC) test to measure respiratory function, Wood Mental Fatigue Inventory (WMFI) to evaluate mental fatigue, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess the sleep quality and Social Influences Survey Questionnaire (SISQ) to investigate social influences of the pandemic.

Results: COVID-19 convalescents reported higher levels of tiredness, dyspnea, and mental fatigue than controls (p
STAJYER FİZYOTERAPİSTLERDE NONSPESİFİK BEL AĞRISININ POSTÜR, KOR ENDURANS VE LUMBOPELVİK STABİLİTE İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: ACAR Hüseyin Tolga , YAŞAR Pınar , ATEŞ Rumeysa , UYAN Ahmet Said , CANBULUT Ayhan , ERCAN Sabriye , BAŞKURT Zeliha
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Çalışmamızda nonspesifik bel ağrısı (NSBA) olan ve olmayan stajyer fizyoterapistlerin postür, kor endurans ve lumbopelvik stabilitelerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya 2021-2022 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü’nde öğrenim gören 97 öğrenci dahil edildi. Katılımcıların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi-Kısa Formu (UFAA-KF) ile belirlendi. Bel ağrısı şiddeti Sayısal Ağrı Derecelendirme Ölçeği (SADÖ) ile değerlendirildi. Postür analizi için New York Postür Analizi Skalası (NYPAS) ve bel ağrısına bağlı yetersizliklerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla da Oswestry Bel Özürlülük İndeksi (OÖİ) kullanıldı. Katılımcıların kor endurans ve lumbopelvik stabilitelerinin değerlendirmesi için McGill Torso Endurans Test Bataryası ile Lumbopelvik Stabilite Manşon Testi (LPSMT) yapıldı.

Sonuçlar: Çalışma, bel ağrısı olan (GrupAğrılı, n=46, %51,1) ve olmayan (GrupAğrısız, n=44, %48,9) toplam 90 stajyer fizyoterapist ile tamamlandı. Gruplar, postür özellikleri bakımından benzerlik gösterse de (p>0,05) fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin ve bel ağrısına bağlı yetersizliklerin bel ağrılı grupta istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu bulundu (p
EVALUATION OF Q ANGLE, LOWER EXTREMITY FLEXIBILITY AND MUSCLE SHORTNESS IN WRESTLERS
Authors: ÜNVER Gülşah , EROĞLU Hüseyin
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to determine the Q angle in wrestlers, to evaluate the flexibility and muscle shortness of the lower extremities, and to examine the relationship between the evaluated parameters.

Methods: 38 national athletes whose branch is wrestling were included in this cross-sectional study. The Q angles of the wrestlers were measured. The sit-reach flexibility test, m. quadriceps femoris and hip flexors flexibility assessment were performed for flexibility in wrestlers. In addition, a shortness test was applied to the wrestlers for m. tensor fasciae latae.

Results: According to the measurement made at the standing position, the Q angle was found to be 12.14±1.71° for the right side and 11.46±1.81° for the left side. According to the measurement made at the supine position, the Q angle was found to be 11.89±1.80° for the right side and 11.33±1.69° for the left side. According to the correlation analysis, a statistically significant relationship was found between the Q angle and the flexibility of the m. quadriceps femoris and hip flexors, between the Q angle and the shortness of m. tensor fasciae latae (p
Characterizing modern bathrooms to support sanitation adoption
Authors: Ventura Rebecca , Javernick-Will Amy , Gonzáles Néstor
Published: August 2023

Sanitation programming success depends on users being satisfied with the proposed sanitation system and bathroom design. Past studies have described some households being dissatisfied with their current bathrooms and unwilling to accept a new bathroom because it is not modern; however, few studies have investigated how households define modern. To best support households in adopting improved sanitation infrastructure, or infrastructure that hygienically separates human waste from human contact, there is a need to understand characteristics associated with modern bathrooms and if modern encompasses more than the sanitation infrastructure. This study systematically identified characteristics associated with modern bathrooms across multiple sanitation infrastructure types. 305 households near Cascas, Peru, an area with diverse bathroom designs that have unimproved and improved sanitation infrastructure access, were surveyed to capture perceptions of modern. Results demonstrate that households often perceive a modern bathroom as one with a sitting-style toilet, a sink, and a shower. Most households did not associate sanitation infrastructure type with their definition of modern; however, all modern bathrooms had improved sanitation infrastructure. Future work should expand and test this definition of modern in other contexts to support future adoption of improved sanitation.
Estigma y prevención del VIH en personas transgénero que realizan actividad sexual pagada en Bogotá
Authors: Lafaurie-Villamil María Mercedes , González-Mayorga Manuel Alfredo , Doncel-Castellanos William Andrés
Published: August 2023

Introduccción: la estigmatización de poblaciones específicas en los servicios de salud  afecta la prevención del Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Objetivo: identificar  cómo se expresa en los servicios públicos de salud de Bogotá el estigma hacia personas transgénero dedicadas a la actividad sexual pagada (ASP) y de qué modo reducirlo en la prevención del VIH, desde la mirada de profesionales de la red pública de salud, líderes en VIH, y de activistas transgénero y ASP. Método: estudio cualitativo-descriptivo basado en seis entrevistas a profundidad a profesionales y dos grupos focales con ocho activistas transgénero realizando ASP. El análisis temático contó con apoyo del sotware Atlas-Ti 8.  Resultados: en los servicios, el desconocimiento a la identidad de género se destaca entre las expresiones del estigma a personas transgénero realizando ASP. Se propone fortalecer el marco de derechos, renovar la visión sobre el VIH,  mentoría al interior de los equipos de trabajo y diálogo entre personal de salud y personas transgénero. Conclusiones: se requiere romper paradigmas transfóbicos en los servicios de salud, siendo necesario un trabajo de sensibilización orientado por un enfoque dialógico y de inclusión social, con perspectiva de género y diversidad sexual, de derechos, poblacional y diferencial.
Traducción y adaptación cultural de un cuestionario para medir conocimientos de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
Authors: Gómez Vilma , Crispín-Cruz Dayan , Henríquez-Gómez Jack
Published: August 2023

Introducción: el cuestionario Bristol COPD Knowledge Questionnaire (BCKQ) presenta elementos detallados de los síntomas, tratamiento, exacerbaciones, entre otros, que lo hacen una herramienta completa para evaluar el conocimiento de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). En la actualidad no se cuenta con una versión en español colombiano del instrumento.  Objetivo: describir el proceso realizado para traducir y adaptar culturalmente el cuestionario BCKQ al español colombiano. Método: el proceso se llevó a cabo en siete pasos: preparación, traducción inglés a español, reunión de síntesis, retrotraducción, revisión de retrotraducción, consulta con expertos e informantes y revisión final del cuestionario. Resultados: se obtuvo una versión en español del cuestionario Bristol de conocimientos de EPOC. Se requirió consulta con expertos temáticos y del lenguaje para resolver dudas en el proceso de traducción. La adaptación cultural tuvo en cuenta alcanzar la equivalencia conceptual, semántica y de ítem de todos los aspectos evaluados en el cuestionario. Conclusiones: en los procesos de traducción y adaptación cultural se deben seguir pasos propuestos en guías para traducción y adaptación, incluyendo la consulta a profesionales del lenguaje, expertos temáticos y documentos oficiales que faciliten lograr una versión de fácil comprensión en función del contexto de aplicación del instrumento.
Mapeamento da erosividade e erodibilidade da vertente úmida do Maciço de Uruburetama/CE e entorno como subsidio ao planejamento ambiental
Authors: Freires Eduardo Viana , Silva Neto Cláudio Ângelo da , Silva Maykom Targino da , Duarte Cynthia Romariz , Verissimo César Ulisses Vieira , Lopes Débora Nogueira , Gomes Daniel Dantas Moreira
Published: August 2023

Os processos erosivos são gerados por causas naturais e humanas. As atividades antrópicas potencializam a perda de solos a partir de manejos inadequados e comprometem a produtividade agrícola e a sustentabilidade. Esta pesquisa objetiva realizar o mapeamento de erosividade e erodibilidade da vertente úmida do Maciço de Uruburetama/CE e entorno com o intuito de subsidiar medidas de proteção e manejo dos solos contra a erosão hídrica. O Mapa de erosividade foi obtido pelo interpolador IDW através do cálculo de erosividade realizado com base em registros pluviométricos de 23 estações de monitoramento da FUNCEME num intervalo de 10 anos (2010-2019). As classes de erosividade estão associadas a atuação de sistemas geradores de chuvas locais, que perdem força em direção ao continente. Assim, observou-se a ocorrência das classes de erosividade Moderada a Forte (92,66%) e Forte (7,34%). A erodibilidade dos solos foi processada por Krigagem Ordinária a partir do fator K obtido das análises de 92 amostras de solos deformadas (granulometria, estrutura do solo, matéria orgânica) e 92 indeformadas (permeabilidade) coletadas na área de pesquisa. As classes de erodibilidade estão associadas à distribuição e as características dos solos locais. A classe Muito Baixa (8%) está associada ao Planossolo Háplico Eutrófico e ao Neossolo Quartzarênico Órtico. A classe Baixa (83%) relaciona-se à ocorrência de Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo e ao Neossolo Litólico, enquanto a classe Moderada (9%) associa-se ao Luvissolo Crômico.

Palavras-chave: Processos erosivos. Atividades antrópicas. Manejo.
Crise de legitimidade e pandemia em Habermas
Authors: Feldhaus Charles
Published: August 2023

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Curcumin Derivatives Linked to a Reduction of Oxidative Stress in Mental Dysfunctions and Inflammatory Disorders
Authors: Dhiman Priyanka , Malik Neelam
Published: August 2023

:

Stress is a critical factor in the etiology of inflammation and neurodegeneration.
The risk factor for the majority of psychiatric disorders is oxidative stress-induced
depression. Mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress are associated with the development
of neurodegenerative disorders. During aging, the brain and associated regions become
more susceptible due to oxidative stress. The leading cause of oxidative stress is
the continuous generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and RNS (Reactive nitrogen
species) endogenously or exogenously. In this review, discussion on a potent antioxidant
natural constituent “curcumin” has been made to alleviate many pathological and neurological
disorders. A focused compilation of vast and informative research on the potential
of curcumin as a magical moiety used therapeutically has been done in search of its
role in controlling the neurological and similar disorders induced by oxidative stress.
Mechanisms of the Quorum Sensing Systems of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Host and Bacteria
Authors: Flores-Percino Diana , Osorio-Llanes Estefanie , Sepulveda Yanireth , Castellar- López Jairo , Madera Ricardo Belón , Rada Wendy Rosales , Meléndez Carlos Mario , Mendoza-Torres Evelyn
Published: August 2023

:

Quorum-sensing is a communication mechanism between bacteria with the
ability to activate signaling pathways in the bacterium and in the host cells. Pseudomonas
aeruginosa is a pathogen with high clinical relevance due to its vast virulence factors
repertory and wide antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Due to this, it has become a pathogen
of interest for developing new antimicrobial agents in recent years. P. aeruginosa
has three major QS systems that regulate a wide gene range linked with virulence factors,
metabolic regulation, and environment adaption. Consequently, inhibiting this communication
mechanism would be a strategy to prevent the pathologic progression of the infections
caused by this bacterium. In this review, we aim to overview the current studies
about the signaling mechanisms of the QS system of P. aeruginosa and its effects on this
bacterium and the host.
Chebulinic Acid: An Incipient Anticancer Agent
Authors: Aashima  , Rathi Mehak , Shilpi  , Akash  , Kaur Kamaljeet , Kriplani Priyanka , Guarve Kumar
Published: August 2023

Background:

Terminalia chebula (T. chebula) comprising chebulinic acid as its principle
active constituent is used to cure various diseases. T. chebula and chebulinic acid are used as
antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimutagenic, radioprotective,
cardioprotective, antiproliferative, antiarthritic, anticaries, and so on.

Objective:

The objective of this current study is to give an overview of the recent literature and
patents of T. chebula and chebulinic acid including methods of its isolation/extraction and their
application in the prevention of various cancers and other diseases.

Methods:

Present research and patents highlighting the anti-cancer potential of T. chebula and
chebulinic acid have been studied and discussed keeping in view the scientific novelty and impact.

Results:

Both T. chebula and chebulinic acid are currently being explored for their anticancer potential
in vitro and in vivo. They are either incorporated alone or in combination with other plants
or drugs to show their activity and many clinical trials are also going on various potentials of the
plant and chebulinic acid. Novel extraction techniques are also explored and patented. Efforts are
being made to improve the bioavailability by developing Novel herbal drug delivery systems of
the plant extract or chebulinic acid itself.

Conclusion:

Anti-cancer potential of T. chebula and chebulinic acid may be well established by
promising clinical trials and may open new interventions in various tumors. Clinical trials in conjunction
with standard therapies are required to explore and validate the actual potential of T.
chebula and chebulinic acid respectively.
Superhydrophobic Graphene-based Materials
Authors: Selim Mohamed S. , Haggar Ahmed M. , Chen Xiang , Hao Zhifeng , Ayoub Magdy Mohamed Hussein , Wu Weijian
Published: August 2023

International attention has been directed toward superhydrophobic nanocomposite coatings
for a great variety of industrial applications. Nowadays, graphene-based self-cleaning coatings
represent the most important examination arenas. This study reviews the superhydrophobicity fundamentals,
graphene-based nanocomposite fabrication and applications for self-cleaning surfaces.
These efforts have stimulated the modeling of recently structured surfaces via a micro-nano binary
system. The controlled preparation of nanoscale orientation, configuration, arrangement, and direction
along the architectural composite building blocks would result in air-entrapping capacity along
the surface grooves. Polymer/graphene nanocomposites with novel and intriguing designs have offered
efficient self-cleaning surfaces. These nano-surfaces have a rough structure, low surface free
energy, and are hydrophobic materials. To improve the self-cleaning ability, several graphene/
inorganic nanofiller hybrids are dispersed in polymeric resins. The review covered the creation
of graphene compounds, interactions with polymers, and uses of the resulting nanocomposites.
It highlights the efficacy of controlling the nanostructured design mechanisms for self-cleaning applications.
The applications of superhydrophobic materials developed using graphene-related nanocomposites
for self-cleaning marine antifouling surfaces are the focus of this study. Stability, as well
as long-standing durability, represents vital advantages for developing eco-friendly superhydrophobic
alternatives. This review concludes with a discussion of the field's current and future advancements.
It is expected to serve as a cutting-edge research hub for the creation of a durable and sustainable
self-cleaning coating.
Network Coding with Parallel Path Protection for Multiple Link Failure in
WOBAN
Authors: Solanki Sangita , Upadhyay Raksha , Bhatt Uma Rathore , Bhat Vijay
Published: August 2023

Background:

WOBAN is a high-speed network and hence any kind of failure results in
huge data loss. Using the proposed network coding technique with parallel path protection can handle
multiple link failures, the performance of the network can be improved.

Aims:

This study aims to improve network performance using network coding with parallel path
protection routing algorithm (NC-PPR) for multiple link failures in WOBAN.

Objective:

We investigated the multiple link failures in WOBAN by the proposed approach namely
Coded Path Protection Algorithm, which enhances the survivability of the WOBAN against multiple
link failures in the front end and eliminates the need of backup resources.

Methods:

Extensive simulation is carried out to implement proposed work. A simulation model and
code is developed in MATLAB to get the performance enhancement of WOBAN.

Results:

We compared the performance of proposed algorithm with existing algorithm. The obtained
results show that the proposed algorithm has superior performance than the existing algorithm.

Conclusion:

In this paper, a new routing approach, which works in three phases namely path finding,
encoding, and decoding, using random linear network coding (RLNC) is introduced to address
the survivability issue of the WOBAN. The proposed approach also enhances the network performance
in terms of PDR, overhead, and delay.
The Tensile Strength of Gelatin Nanofibers Containing Nanohydroxyapatite and Nanocurcumin
Authors: Rezaei Yashar , Javadikia Leila , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki , Sharifi Simin , Khosroshahi Amir Reza Jamei
Published: August 2023

Aim:

The aim of this study was to prepare gelatin-nanocurcumin/nanohydroxy apatite nanofibers and test the effect of nanohydroxyapatite and nanocurcumin on the tensile strength of gelatin nanofibers. Finding the ideal bone replacement material has long been the focus of research in the field of bone regeneration. This study also aimed to assess the effect of adding nanohydroxy-apatite and nanocurcumin on the tensile strength of gelatin nanofibers in order to propose an ideal nanofiberous scaffold for bone regeneration application.

Methods:

Gelatin-curcumin nanofibers were prepared using an electrospinning method with a ratio of 70% to 30% of gelatin and curcumin and 5% of hydroxyapatite.

Results:

Adding curcumin to the gelatin nanofiber structure increased its tensile strength in the wet state (21.03 ± 2.17 to 28.54 ± 0.59, p < 0.0001). Besides, adding nanohydroxyapatite to the structure of gelatin nanofibers increased its tensile strength in dry (30.31 ± 0.64 to 35.79 ± 1.13, p < 0.0001) and wet conditions (28.54 ± 0.59 to 34.46 ± 0.86, p = 0.0020).

Conclusion:

As adding curcumin and nanohydroxyapatite increased the tensile strength of gelatin nanofibers, it seems that these nanofibers can play a promising futuristic role in bone and dental tis-sue engineering. However, more in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies are recommended to approve this finding.
Application and Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms in Classifying Cardiotocography (CTG) Signals
Authors: Sakshi Sinha Srishti , Vijayasundaram Uma
Published: August 2023

Cardiotocography (CTG) is a clinical procedure performed to monitor fetal
health by recording uterine contractions and the fetal heart rate continuously. This
procedure is carried out mainly in the third trimester of pregnancy. This work aims at
proving the significance of upsampling the data using SMOTE (Synthetic Minority
Oversampling Technique) in classifying the CTG traces. The project includes the
comparison of different Machine Learning approaches, namely, Logistic Regression,
Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Knearest Neighbor (KNN) classifiers on the CTG dataset to classify the records into
three classes: normal, suspicious and pathological. The results prove that applying
SMOTE increases the performance of the classifiers.
Efektifitas Murottal Qur’an dan Virtual Reality terhadap kecemasan ibu hamil trimester 3
Authors:   STIKES Ngudia Husada Madura, Setiawati Iin , Rohmah Mawadatur ,   Prodi D4 Kebidanan, STIKES Ngudia Husada Madura
Published: August 2023

Anxiety is a psychological element that describes a psychological element that describes feelings, emotional state of a woman when facing the reality of her life. Based on a 2012 report, 73.5% of mothers experience anxiety in the third trimester, 46.7% mild anxiety and 53.3% moderate anxiety. Aims was to analyze the effectiveness of murottal Qur'an and Virtual Reality on the anxiety of third-trimester pregnancy. The research used a quasi-experimental research design with Nonequivalent Control Group Design approach. The sample size was 56 pregnant women, with 28 pregnant women being the control group and 28 pregnant women being the treatment group. The statistical test used was paired T test with α 0.05. in the Murottal Qur'an group there was a decrease in anxiety level of pregnancy before and after listening to murottal Qur'an, with an average decrease of 8.64, while in Virtuan Reality group there was a decrease in the anxiety level of pregnancy before and after being given Virtual Reality, with an average of 8.54. Statistical test results for before and after each group result is ρ 0.000. Statistical tests using Paired T test obtained ρ 0.000, meaning that Murottal Qur'an and Virtual Reality are effective to reducing anxiety level of third-trimester pregnancy. Murottal Qur'an and Virtual Reality are both effective to reducing anxiety level of third-trimester pregnancy
Bioactive Properties of Sorghum-based Beverages from Whole or Refined Grains
Authors: Garzón Antonela Guadalupe , Albarracín Micaela , Drago Silvina Rosa
Published: August 2023

Sorghum-based beverages were developed and the effects of decortication on nutritional composition and biofunctional properties after a simulated gastrointestinal digestion were analyzed. For that, white sorghum flours from whole (WS) and decorticated (DS) grains were obtained and used to prepare sorghum beverages. They were analyzed regarding chemical composition, minerals, and phenolic acid contents. Moreover, the bioaccessibility of phenolics, proteins, and the potential bioactivity (ABTS+ scavenging, ACE-I inhibition and DPP-IV inhibition) after a simulated gastrointestinal digestion were determined. The grain decortication increased the content of carbohydrates and Fe in the flour, but decreased all the other compounds analyzed. Gallic and ferulic acids were the most abundant free and bound phenolics, respectively. WS-beverage exhibited higher gallic acid bioaccessibility, while DS presented higher p-coumaric acid bioaccessibility, with no differences for ferulic acid. DS-beverage showed higher peptide bioaccessibility than WS, probably because of the higher degree of hydrolysis of proteins from refined flour. Regarding bioactive properties, WS- beverage presented 20% more ABTS scavenging than DS, possibly related to the higher phenolic content. On the other hand, DS-beverage presented higher ACE-I and DPP-IV inhibition than WS (40 and 100% more, respectively) because of the generation of bioactive peptides. Whole or refined sorghum could be used to produce beverages analogs to milk, with health potential benefits.
A Tablet-Based App to Support Nursing Home Staff in Delivering an Individualized Cognitive and Physical Exercise Program for Individuals With Dementia: Mixed Methods Usability Study
Authors: Krafft Jelena , Barisch-Fritz Bettina , Krell-Roesch Janina , Trautwein Sandra , Scharpf Andrea , Woll Alexander
Published: August 2023

Background

The promotion of physical activity in individuals with dementia living in nursing homes is crucial for preserving physical and cognitive functions and the associated quality of life. Nevertheless, the implementation of physical activity programs in this setting is challenging, as the time and expertise of nursing home staff are limited. This situation was further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Mobile health apps may be a sustainable approach to overcome these challenges in the long term. Therefore, the Individualized Cognitive and Physical Exercise-App (the InCoPE-App) was developed to support nursing home staff in delivering and implementing tailored cognitive and physical exercise training for individuals with dementia.

Objective

This study aims to assess the usability of the InCoPE-App in terms of user performance and user perception in a laboratory setting using a mixed methods approach.

Methods

Nursing home staff were encouraged to perform 5 basic tasks within the InCoPE-App. Their thoughts while using the app were captured by implementing a think aloud protocol. Then, participants completed the System Usability Scale questionnaire. The think aloud transcripts were qualitatively evaluated to unveil usability issues. All identified issues were rated in terms of their necessity to be fixed. Task completion (ie, success rate and time) and perceived usability were evaluated descriptively.

Results

A total of 14 nursing home employees (mean age 53.7, SD 10.6 years; n=13, 93% women) participated in the study. The perceived usability of the InCoPE-App, as assessed by the System Usability Scale questionnaire, can be rated as “good.” The main usability issues concerned navigation logic and comprehensibility of app content.

Conclusions

The InCoPE-App is a user-friendly app that enables nursing home staff to deliver and implement cognitive and physical exercise training for individuals with dementia in nursing homes. The InCoPE-App can be used with little training, even by people aged ≥50 years, who may have low digital literacy. To achieve sustainable use and high user satisfaction of the InCoPE-App in the long term, it should be implemented and evaluated in a field study.
Assessing the Utility of ChatGPT Throughout the Entire Clinical Workflow: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Rao Arya , Pang Michael , Kim John , Kamineni Meghana , Lie Winston , Prasad Anoop K , Landman Adam , Dreyer Keith , Succi Marc D
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Large language model (LLM)–based artificial intelligence chatbots direct the power of large training data sets toward successive, related tasks as opposed to single-ask tasks, for which artificial intelligence already achieves impressive performance. The capacity of LLMs to assist in the full scope of iterative clinical reasoning via successive prompting, in effect acting as artificial physicians, has not yet been evaluated.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate ChatGPT’s capacity for ongoing clinical decision support via its performance on standardized clinical vignettes.

METHODS

We inputted all 36 published clinical vignettes from the Merck Sharpe & Dohme (MSD) Clinical Manual into ChatGPT and compared its accuracy on differential diagnoses, diagnostic testing, final diagnosis, and management based on patient age, gender, and case acuity. Accuracy was measured by the proportion of correct responses to the questions posed within the clinical vignettes tested, as calculated by human scorers. We further conducted linear regression to assess the contributing factors toward ChatGPT’s performance on clinical tasks.

RESULTS

ChatGPT achieved an overall accuracy of 71.7% (95% CI 69.3%-74.1%) across all 36 clinical vignettes. The LLM demonstrated the highest performance in making a final diagnosis with an accuracy of 76.9% (95% CI 67.8%-86.1%) and the lowest performance in generating an initial differential diagnosis with an accuracy of 60.3% (95% CI 54.2%-66.6%). Compared to answering questions about general medical knowledge, ChatGPT demonstrated inferior performance on differential diagnosis (β=–15.8%; P<.001) and clinical management (β=–7.4%; P=.02) question types.

CONCLUSIONS

ChatGPT achieves impressive accuracy in clinical decision-making, with increasing strength as it gains more clinical information at its disposal. In particular, ChatGPT demonstrates the greatest accuracy in tasks of final diagnosis as compared to initial diagnosis. Limitations include possible model hallucinations and the unclear composition of ChatGPT’s training data set.
Examining a Brief Web and Longitudinal App-Based Intervention [Wysa] for Mental Health Support in Singapore during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed-Methods Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sinha Chaitali , Dinesh Dyuthi , Phang Ye Sheng , Heaukulani Creighton Koapono
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore led to limited access to mental health support services, resulting in increased distress among the population. This study aimed to assess the potential benefits of offering a digital mental health intervention (Wysa) in the form of a brief and longitudinal intervention, as part of the mindline.sg initiative launched by the MOH Office for Healthcare Transformation in Singapore.

OBJECTIVE

i) Evaluate the engagement and retention of Singaporean users across the brief intervention on the mindline.sg website and the longitudinal app version of Wysa; ii) Examine the types of negative thoughts and challenges managed during the pandemic; iii) Assess the impact of the conversational agent (CA) in supporting cognitive restructuring across attributional styles, and cognitive patterns.

METHODS

A retrospective observational design with a mixed-methods approach was utilized. The study included a sample of website users (N=69,055) and app users (N=4,547) from September 1, 2020, to July 25, 2022. App and website usage data were analyzed to evaluate engagement and retention. T-tests were employed for comparing engagement and retention levels between the app and website. A thematic analysis was examined to assess the types of negative thoughts and the success of cognitive restructuring. Logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of restructuring based on negative thought type and attributional style.

RESULTS

Those who used the longitudinal intervention after first using a brief intervention demonstrated significantly higher engagement and retention (P<.001). In user ratings received for mindline.sg (n=8,959), 83.03% rated the app 3 or higher (out of 5) on helpfulness. 91.6% of the users (n=862) who attempted cognitive restructuring (n=790) on the app successfully reframed a thought. The logistic regression analysis indicated significance in the ability to restructure future-oriented negative thoughts (P<.001), and internal, stable and global (P<.001) negative thoughts in a single conversation with Wysa, while other attributional styles required more intervention. A qualitative thematic analysis of the negative thoughts mentioned within the CA documented the psychosocial challenges being managed by users during COVID-19.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings demonstrated that brief interventions can facilitate enhanced engagement with digital mental health interventions and digital interventions can successfully facilitate cognitive restructuring, and improvement of mental health outcomes.
Mapa de ruta y estrategia alterna de transición energética para el Sector Eléctrico Nacional. La importancia de la generación distribuida a nivel regional
Authors: Sandoval García Edgar Roberto , Franco González Rosa Laura Patricia Edith , Fernández Morales Juan Manuel
Published: August 2023

Con el objetivo de definir un camino alternativo de transición energética hacia un sector eléctrico nacional sostenible, este estudio propone un mapa de ruta basado en la metodología ISO 50001 de Gestión de Energía, utilizando el enfoque de sistemas complejos y la diversificación como principio de resiliencia. Se considera que la distribución de energía a nivel regional, es un factor clave para la sostenibilidad del sector eléctrico, por lo cual es importante ampliar este tipo de estudios considerando factores como los riesgos intrínsecos de las energías renovables entre otros.
Las políticas de Trump y su impacto en México
Authors: Ortiz Wadgymar Arturo
Published: August 2023

La llegada del presidente Trump al gobierno de los Estados Unidos ha trastocado las relaciones de este país con el resto del mundo. Este acontecimiento ha estado precedido por la gran recesión mundial de 2007-2009, la cual no se ha logrado superar plenamente. Dos de los efectos más importantes han sido tanto la salida del Reino Unido de la Unión Europea, como las migraciones masivas de habitantes de países que viven en pobreza extrema o conflictos bélicos. En México la amenaza de la cancelación del TLCAN y la construcción de un muro en la frontera norte, son los efectos más visibles. La renegociación de este tratado sería conveniente si fuese en beneficio del país, pero la posibilidad de que tal acuerdo sea cancelado puede significar una oportunidad para reencauzar el desarrollo de México.
Link Prediction on N-ary Relational Data Based on Relatedness Evaluation
Authors: Navale Vinay S , Jane Chetan , B Anvita , B Kalyan , A Satvik
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The recent proliferation of high-resolution Earth observation data, along with the advent of open-data initiatives, has led to the availability of petabyte-scale Earth observation datasets accessible for free. However, this abundance of big data presents significant challenges for regional to global spatio-temporal analysis. The traditional approach of "downloadpreprocess-store-analyze" introduces excessive data downloading overhead and computational barriers, hindering efficient analysis. The Earth observation data cube (EODC) paradigm offers a solution by revolutionizing the storage and management of spatio-temporal RS data. Yet, the presence of multiple EODC solutions has resulted in "information silos," making the sharing and joint use of RS data across EODCs difficult.
Concatenation Schemes for Topological Fault-tolerant Quantum Error Correction
Authors: Li Zhaoyi , Kim Isaac , Hayden Patrick
Published: August 2023

We investigate a family of fault-tolerant quantum error correction schemes based on the concatenation of small error detection or error correction codes with the three-dimensional cluster state. We propose fault-tolerant state preparation and decoding schemes that effectively convert every circuit-level error into an erasure error, leveraging the cluster state's high threshold against such errors. We find a set of codes for which such a conversion is possible, and study their performance against the standard circuit-level depolarizing model. Our best performing scheme, which is based on a concatenation with a classical code, improves the threshold by 16.5% and decreases the spacetime overhead by 32% compared to the scheme without concatenation, with each scheme subject to a physical error rate of 10−3 and achieving a logical error rate of 10−6.
Strategi Guru dalam Pembentukan Kepribadian Sosial Siswa SMK di Kabupaten Pidie
Authors: Masykur Masykur
Published: August 2023

The study discusses the teachers’ concept in developing the students’ social characteristics at senior vocational schools (SMK) in Pidie District. The study used field research with qualitative approach, taking place at SMK Negeri 1 Sigli and SMK Mutiara. The subjects of the study included the school principals, administration staff, and teachers of Islamic education. Data were collected by interview and observation. The data were then analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study showed that the students’ social characteristics were developed by encouraging the students to have mutual respect and mutual care, to be confident, to perform good deeds, to interact socially, to remind one another, and to be responsible. These social characteristics were promoted through individual approach, the role of teachers as parents at school, improving communication, giving rewards, sanctions, and punishments, and cooperating with the parents. On the other hand, the problems in developing these characteristics included lack of religious education at home, poor living environment, unhealthy peer relationship, and limited lesson hours of Islamic education at school.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Google Spreadsheet di Dayah Darul Ihsan Aceh Besar
Authors: Damanhuri Adnan Ahmad , Azhar Azhar
Published: August 2023

The Paperlees concept is to reduce the use of paper in schools with the aim of effectiveness and efficiency in school management. All of this can be done with the help of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) which has developed rapidly at this time. The World 4.0 era with increasingly advanced technology turned out to have a positive impact on various lines of life. Even in educational institutions, even though technological advances have also begun to be applied. For example, using Google Sheets for attendance, collecting test scores, and student data and others. However, the use of this technology will fail if there is no special training for teachers or educators. Using Google Sheets for attendance and assessors makes it very easy for teachers and academic departments to collect data in real-time. Based on this fact, writing this article aims to explain what steps were taken by Dayah Darul Ihsan in training educators about Google Spreadsheets. This article combines qualitative data from 3 teaching staff respondents to get objective results about the ease and difficulty of using Google Sheets. Based on field studies, it was found that it was easy and several obstacles in using Google Spreadsheet by teachers. convenience; data connection in real-time between the teacher who teaches the homeroom and the academic division of Dayah. Constraint; the small screens of Android devices, the large number of old teaching staff who have difficulty using the media and the limited access to the WIFI network at Dayah Darul Ihsan. This study is considered new because it describes training on the use of technology at Dayah educational institutions. The findings from this article can be used in developing and optimizing the use of technology in Dayah/Madrasah. Maximum use of technology can improve the quality of education in Aceh and Indonesia in general.
Metodologi Studi Filsafat: Teologi Rasional Harun Nasution
Authors: Suyanta Sri , Ulfah Sarah
Published: August 2023

Among the developments in Islamic thought that are widely discussed is the science of kalam or theology. The science of kalam, or theology, has evolved rapidly over time, and many figures of Islamic thought, including Harun Nasution, have emerged. The purpose of this article is to learn about Harun Nasution's thought style and theology that he built. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method. The data collection technique used was descriptive library research. The results of this study indicate that Harun Nasution has three basic principles of a model of thinking in building his rational theology, namely: 1. the idea of progress; 2. coexistence between absolute-textual (qath'i) and relativifiably contextual (zhanni) areas; and 3. using a rational method of thinking. Meanwhile, Harun Nasution's foundation in the theology he built was reason and revelation. Harun Nasution's thoughts were heavily influenced by Mu'tazilah's rational theological thoughts. This is reinforced by the many writings of Harun Nasution, which discuss the thoughts of Muhammad Abduh, who is one of the Mu'tazilah figures.
Eksistensi Dayah Darul Muta’allimin Tanah Merah dalam Meningkatkan Akhlak Masyarakat Aceh Singkil
Authors: Hambalisyah Hambalisyah
Published: August 2023

Tujuan artikel ini ialah untuk meninjau: (1) Eksistensi yang dilakukan oleh Dayah dengan masyarakat lokal di wilayah Aceh Singkil; (2) Usaha Dayah dalam peningkatan akhlak terhadap masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumen. Teknik analisis data menggunakan: reduksi data, display data, dan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Temuan penelitian ini sebagai berikut: Pertama, Dayah Darul Muta’allimin sebagai lembaga pendidikan agama non formal memiliki kontribusi sebagai wadah  pengembangan sumberdaya manusia di bidang keagamaan. Kedua, usaha Dayah Darul Muta’allimin Tanah Merah dalam meningkatkan akhlak masyarakat Aceh Singkil, melalui beragam kegiatan seperti mengadakan ceramah-ceramah, kajian-kajian intensif ke-Islaman setiap bulan, mengadakan program pengajian rutin satu minggu dua kali, memberikan kesempatan belajar dan mengaji di dayah, mengadakan bimbingan baca tulis Alquran kepada masyarakat. Ketiga, faktor pendukung dalam pelaksanaan program pendidikan yaitu: adanya pengaruh Pendiri, adanya interaksi sosial dan kerjasama yang baik antara dayah dengan masyarakat dan alumni, adanya tempat belajar dan tenaga pengajar, terwujudnya ekonomi umat. Sedangkan faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan program pendidikan keagamaan masyarakat lokal, yaitu: waktu yang berbenturan dengan kegiatan lain, kesibukan di siang hari dengan pekerjaan mereka, dan kurang adanya partisipasi dari kalangan pemuda.
Evaluation of Physico-Phytochemical Parameters of Holarrhena Pubescens Wall.Ex G. Don. (Kutaja) Seed and Bark and Their Effect in Obesity Associated Hyperlipidemia
Authors: Gupta Rajkumar , Pal Ombeer , Nayak Shraddha , Yende Mohan , Wadhwa Ritu , Banerje Arundhati , Tungare Kanchanlata , Bhori Mustansir , Bharadwaj Shishira , Padvi Dnyaneshwar
Published: August 2023

Obesity-related Hyperlipidemia is a major health concern due to its strong association with a number of diseases like diabetes, ischemic heart disease,and renal disease. The safe treatment of Hyperlipidemia thus becomes the need of the hour. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacognostic, physicochemical,with phytochemical properties of Holarrhenapubescens Wall.ex G. Don. (Kutaja) seed and bark. The pharmacognostic, physicochemical, and phytochemical evaluationof collected samples of H. pubescens seeds and bark was performed and was found to be as per API norms. Furthermore, to evaluate and compare their efficacyin the treatment of Hyperlipidemia. - Forty subjects were randomly allocated to two groups according to the plant part administered to them and was observedfor 90 days. The assessment was done on the basis of subjective parameters (Laziness, heaviness of body, Shortness of breath, and sleepiness) and objectiveparameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, VLDL, and total Cholesterol to HDL ratio) before and after the treatment duration. - Significant decreasein the subjective parameters was recorded, and similarly, a significant decrease in the levels of total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, and total Cholesterol to HDL ratiowas observed for both the seed and the bark of Kutaja – The therapeutic effect of both the parts i.e. Kutaja seeds and bark were found at par in controllingHyperlipidemia and thus proved their definite role in ameliorating Medodustii.e. deranged lipid metabolism common in Obesity.– Both seeds and bark can be utilizedseparately and also in place of one another in cases of Obesity associated Hyperlipidemia.
Self-Medication Practice During Covid-19 Among Medical Field Students at Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: M Alorfi Nasser , M Almuwallad Rana , Z Almatani Banan , R Bali Eman
Published: August 2023

Self-medication is prevalent practice that described as administration of one or more medications in order to treatself-diagnosed or self- recognized diseases or symptoms without the supervision of physician or pharmacist. The world is currentlystruggling with the COVID-19 pandemic, which makes the prevalence of self-medication practice evident with the ongoingpandemic. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence and patterns of self-medication practices among medical field students. Also,to determine the most common reasons, symptoms, and medications associated with self-medication practice. A descriptive crosssectionalstudy was conducted on 561 medical field students at Umm Al-Qura University to assess the prevalence, attitudes, andpractice of self-medication. A web-based questionnaire was conducted to collect their demographic, socioeconomic status, andhealth-related information. More precisely, Self-medication practice during COVID-19. Two-thirds of the students in the medicalsector self-medicated, and almost half of them reported doing so more frequently during the pandemic, according to the research.Pain and flu-like symptoms were the most often reported symptoms leading to self-medication. As a result, the students utilisedanalgesics and anti-flu drugs most frequently during this time. The report emphasises how common self-medication is among UmmAl-Qura University students studying medicine. These students must, however, grasp the boundaries of self-medication and whenit is important to seek professional medical guidance. Medical students may have a strong foundation in medicine, but registeredor licensed, trained and skilled healthcare professionals are still required for accurate diagnosis and successful treatment.Therefore, promoting awareness and providing education on responsible medication use is essential to ensure the well-being andsafety of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemicand beyond.Keywords: ; ; ; ,
O HERBÁRIO COMO RECURSO DIDÁTICO DE SENSIBILIZAÇÃO E APRENDIZAGEM DE CONTEÚDOS DE BOTÂNICA
Authors: Silva Clécio Danilo Dias da , Santos Daniele Bezerra dos
Published: August 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho foi criar um Herbário didático para sensibilizar os alunos em conhecer a diversidade da flora contida no ambiente escolar, contribuindo para desenvolver o senso crítico em relação à biodiversidade local e a importância ecológica e econômica dos vegetais para o homem. As atividades foram realizadas com alunos de 1º e 2º ano de uma escola pública de Natal, RN. Foi utilizado uma sequência didática abrangendo as seguintes etapas: I) sondagem dos conhecimentos prévios, II) aulas expositivas e dialogadas com temas da botânica, III) apresentação da proposta para o desenvolvimento do herbário, IV) Processo de coletas, produção de exsicatas, herborização e identificação, V) elaboração de um catálogo VI) consolidação das atividades. Foram coletados um total de 47 plantas, correspondendo a 25 espécies, distribuídos em 15 famílias. No final das atividades, percebemos a relevância de ações como esta, pois os alunos passaram reconhecer as diversas espécies da flora existentes no cotidiano escolar. Verificamos ainda que os alunos que tinham dificuldades nos conteúdos relacionados à botânica passaram a entendê-lo de maneira satisfatória, chegando a utilizar diversos termos técnicos das estruturas das plantas e até mesmo nomes científicos.