bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Quality Control of Whole Slide Images by Explicit Artifact Augmentation
Authors: Jurgas Artur , Wodzinski Marek , D'Amato Marina , Laak Jeroen van der , Atzori Manfredo , Müller Henning
Published: March 2024

The problem of artifacts in whole slide image acquisition, prevalent in both clinical workflows and research-oriented settings, necessitates human intervention and re-scanning. Overcoming this challenge requires developing quality control algorithms, that are hindered by the limited availability of relevant annotated data in histopathology. The manual annotation of ground-truth for artifact detection methods is expensive and time-consuming. This work addresses the issue by proposing a method dedicated to augmenting whole slide images with artifacts. The tool seamlessly generates and blends artifacts from an external library to a given histopathology dataset. The augmented datasets are then utilized to train artifact classification methods. The evaluation shows their usefulness in classification of the artifacts, where they show an improvement from 0.10 to 0.01 AUROC depending on the artifact type. The framework, model, weights, and ground-truth annotations are freely released to facilitate open science and reproducible research.
The analgesic effect of Preemptive multimodal analgesia in Direct Anterior Approach total hip arthroplasty：a randomized double-blind trial
Authors: Qi Shiyuan , Chen Xiaotong , Xu Ziwei , Yun Huifang , Zhao Zirui
Published: March 2024

Background:The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of PMA protocol (pericapsular nerve group (PENG), oxycodone and parecoxib) postoperative pain in direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty (DAA-THA) patients with consistent preoperative pain thresholds .Objectives:To explore effective preemptive multimodal analgesic protocols to meet the needs of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in joint surgery.Study Design:This study was a prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind trial with four groups.Setting:In the Changzhou Second People's Hospital a single institution.Methods:We recruited 160 patients with consistent preoperative pain thresholds to enter the final study analysis, and according to the criteria were randomly divided into four groups: the placebo group (n = 38), parecoxib group (n = 39), oxycodone group (n = 43), and combination group (n = 40). According to the corresponding PMA protocol, all groups were given advanced analgesic drugs at 30 min before surgery and PENG after 30 min. The main result of the pain VAS scores at rest and during exercise, and secondary results postoperative inflammation index( erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein ), 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) ,postoperative rescue opioids medicine (total volume and time), first walking time, postoperative adverse effects, postoperative delirium occur and length of stay (LOS) after DAA-THA .Results:The postoperative VAS scores in the combined group were significantly lower than those in the other three groups. The VAS scores between during exercise and at rest were significant differences in the four groups Within 48 hours after surgery (P < 0.05). The combination group had the lowest cumulative opioids dose and the first rescue analgesic is longer within 48 hours after surgery (P < 0.05). The inflammation indexes and 5-HT changes within 48 hours after surgery, the first walking time and the postoperative LOS of the combination group had significantly improved compared with the other three groups (P < 0.05). The postoperative adverse effects were no significantly difference in the four groups within postoperative 48 hours.Conclusions:The PMA regimen of oxycodone associate with parecoxib and assist PENG was effectively improved perioperative pain (acute), reduced the cumulative dose of postoperative opioids and promoted patient recovery after DAA-THA.
Revealing the mechanism of charge storage induced hole catalysis
Authors: Xiang Quanjun , Li Fang , Guan Chen , Yu Zhihan
Published: March 2024

Carrier dynamics modulation is intricately linked to semiconductor materials and device design. Elucidating carrier transport mechanisms and directing carrier transfer present significant yet arduous research challenges. Herein, we reveal the mechanism of charge transfer during accumulation and release through a series of in-situcharacterizations using Poly (heptanazinamide)（PHI) material as a model system. In contrast to previous reports of dark-state electron catalysis, the quantitative capture of holes and electron annihilation demonstrates that the catalytically active species in the dark-state charge release stage are holes rather than electrons. Specifically, the electrons captured during the photocharging stage are stored as long-lived radicals. Concurrently, holes are stored through hole scavenging. In the dark-state discharge stage, the released electrons reduce the oxidized hole sacrificial agents prompting the release of holes to participate in catalytic reactions. Analysis of the structural changes during the photocharging process suggests that the heptazine unit is destroyed and the carbonyl group formation underlie the observed charge storage phenomenon. This work provides insight into charge storage mechanisms and suggests potential applications in the development of self-charging devices.
Digital-analog hybrid matrix multiplication processor for optical neural networks
Authors: Kong Deming , Meng Xiansong , Kim Kwangwoong , Li Qiuchi , Dong Po , Cox Ingemar , Lioma Christina , Hu Hao
Published: March 2024

The computational demands of modern AI have spurred interest in optical neural networks (ONNs) which offers the potential benefits of increased speed and lower power consumption. However, current ONNs running analog optical signals face a fundamental limitation in calculation precision, typically around 4 bits, due to accumulated noise from electro-optical components. This obstacle is inherent to the analog computing nature of ONNs. The analog signals representing the inputs and the computational results require high-resolution signal format converters (digital-to-analogue conversions (DACs) and analogue-to-digital conversions (ADCs)), which pose a major obstacle in practical implementation. Here, we propose a digital analog hybrid optical computing architecture for ONNs, which utilizes digital optical inputs in the form of binary words. By introducing the logic levels and decisions based on thresholding, the calculation precision is significantly enhanced. The DACs for inputs are removed. And the resolution requirement of the ADCs becomes independent of the bitwidth of the inputs. This can increase the operating speed at a high calculation precision and facilitate compatibility with microelectronics. To validate our approach, we have fabricated a proof-of-concept photonic chip and built up a hybrid optical processor (HOP) system for neural network applications. We have demonstrated an unprecedented 16-bit calculation precision for high-definition image processing, with a pixel error rate (PER) as low as 1.8×10−3 at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 18.2 dB. We have also implemented a convolutional neural network for handwritten digit recognition that shows the same accuracy as the one achieved by a desktop computer. The concept of the digital-analog hybrid optical computing architecture offers a methodology that could potentially be applied to various ONN implementations and may intrigue new research into efficient and accurate domain-specific optical computing architectures for neural networks.
Probing Chiral-Symmetric Higher-Order Topological Insulators with Multipole Winding Number
Authors: Lee Chaohong , Lin Ling
Published: March 2024

The interplay between crystalline symmetry and band topology gives rise to unprecedented lower-dimensional boundary states in higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs).
However, the measurement of the topological invariants of HOTIs remains a significant challenge.
Here, we define a {multipole winding number} (MWN) for chiral-symmetric HOTIs by applying a corner twisted boundary condition.
The MWN, arising from both bulk and boundary states, accurately captures the bulk-corner correspondence including boundary-obstructed topological phases.
To address the measurement challenge, we leverage the perturbative nature of the corner twisted boundary condition and develop a real-space approach for determining the MWN in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional systems.
The real-space formula provides an experimentally viable strategy for directly probing the topology of chiral-symmetric HOTIs through dynamical evolution.
Our findings not only highlight the twisted boundary condition as a powerful tool for investigating HOTIs, but also establish a paradigm for exploring real-space formulas for the topological invariants of HOTIs.
Diagnostic Deep Learning Framework for Heart Failure
Authors: Chanprasertpinyo Wisit , Phongkitkarun Sith , Sriprachya Apichaya , Nitiwarangkul Chayanin , Thammasudjarit Ratchainant , Lolak Sermkiat , Yingchoncharoen Teerapat
Published: March 2024

Background
In the precision medicine era, leveraging advanced technology, including deep learning, has the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy across various diseases. However, chest radiography (CXR), pivotal for heart failure (HF) diagnosis, currently has limited precision.
Methods
Through a retrospective cohort study encompassing 144 participants from the RAMA dataset at Ramathibodi Hospital (spanning January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019), 240 HF CXR images were scrutinized and annotated by cardiologists and radiologists. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed by cardiologists using HF signs and symptoms, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, natriuretic peptide, and ejection fraction. The developed model, HFNet, was trained on the RAMA dataset and incorporated these clinical factors.
Results
This study evaluated the performance of the HFNet model in predicting radiographic findings related to heart failure and achieved excellent results. The model demonstrated high precision (for cardiomegaly, 1.0; for pulmonary edema, 0.9; for pleural effusion, 0.8) and good accuracy (for cardiomegaly, 0.9; for pulmonary edema, 0.6; and for pleural effusion, 0.7), coupled with respective AUC values of 1.00, 0.96, and 0.49. Concomitant recall figures stood at 0.9, 0.6, and 0.7, while F1 scores were 0.9 for cardiomegaly and 0.7 for both pulmonary edema and pleural effusion. These findings highlight the potential of HFNet to aid clinicians in the precise detection and diagnosis of HF-associated radiographic cues.
Conclusions
The development of the HFNet model introduces a promising tool for clinicians, facilitating accurate and precise diagnosis of HF-related radiographies.
Assessing the Impact of Environmental Factors on Geo-based Technology Acceptance Model (GTAM) Among Pedestrian Tourists
Authors: Zeng Zhanjing , Xu Minghui , Qiu Mengyuan , Chi Ya
Published: March 2024

Geo-based technology has become an integral tool in tourism activities, offering vital assistance to travelers in making spatial transit decisions at unfamiliar destinations. The widespread adoption raises the issue of whether technology diminishes or augments the role of environmental cues in wayfinding behavior. To address this gap, we incorporated environmental factors and constructing a Geo-based Technology Acceptance Model (GTAM) that integrates Perceived Environmental Complexity (PEC) and Perceived Map-Alignment (PMA) as external variables. Through an onsite survey conducted in the historic Lijiang Ancient Town with 636 participants, we developed a model to understand the adoption of navigation apps by tourist pedestrians. The significant influence of PEC and PMA on Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) demonstrates how navigation apps, as an extension of traditional maps, systematically and abstractly consolidate human spatial cognition and thinking. By visually presenting geographic information, these apps enhance users’ environmental perception and provide guided pathways in wayfinding decisions, offering a nuanced understanding of the interplay between technology and natural orientation instincts of travelers. This study underscores the pivotal role of geo-based technology in reshaping tourists’ interaction with unfamiliar environments, highlighting its potential to enrich the travel experience through enhanced spatial awareness and decision-making support.
The whole transcriptomic analysis of local bone tissue after fracture
Authors: Wang Shen , Guo Shuhang , Yuan Shaoyun , Gu Xinyi , Deng Jin , Zeng Xinyi , Lu Qingguo , Yin Xiaofeng , Huang Chen
Published: March 2024

Fracture healing is a complex physiological process involving multiple cells and signaling pathways, the potential molecular mechanisms and biological process are still unclear and need further exploration. In this study, transcriptome sequencing technology was used to detect and analyze the changes in transcriptome of the local injury tissue after fracture. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with the high degree were analyzed. Our results showed that different stages of fracture healing had different focuses, some important biological processes, such as the inflammatory response, mainly occurred on the 3rd day after fracture. Besides, we found that the 3rd day after fracture was a key point of transcriptome change, and neural regulation played a significant role in fracture healing at this time, and inflammatory stimulation might be an important factor affecting neural regulation after fracture. In conclusion, our research results identify some important genes and pathways in the process of fracture healing, and summarize the main characteristics of transcriptome changes in fractures. This laid the foundation for a deeper understanding of the relation between molecular mechanisms and biological processes involved in fracture healing. By identifying the specific time points at which various cellular events occur during the healing process, researchers can gain insights into the complex interplay between cells, signaling pathways, and extracellular matrix components that is required for successful bone healing. This knowledge can inform the development of new therapies and interventions to improve fracture healing outcomes and ultimately enhance the quality of life for patients affected by bone fractures.
Homologous 111In-radiolabeled platelet survival and sequestration exploration for refractory immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura in children: a strategy to avoid unnecessary splenectomy
Authors: Dubois Julien , Kucharczak Florentin , De Neef Léa , Kouyoumdjian Virginie , Palenzuela Gilles , Tunez Virginie , Mariano-Goulart Denis , Bourdon Aurélie , Paunet Tom
Published: March 2024

Purpose Immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a condition that affects 4 to 18 per 100 000 children every year. In most cases, spontaneous remission occurs, but splenectomy can be proposed to diminish excessive destruction of platelets when ITP is refractory. Exploring the site of platelet sequestration may help to better predict potential poor responders to splenectomy if no spleen sequestration is highlighted. The radiolabeled platelet sequestration test may be an option but can be difficult to perform in children with very few platelets.
Methods A twelve-year-old boy suffering from chronical ITP was referred to evaluate platelet survival and sequestration, to discuss splenectomy. The patient was refractory to therapy and his platelet count consistently remained below 10 G.L-1. An exceptional procedure was set up to use homologous platelets to perform a radiolabeled platelet survival and sequestration test. A radiolabeled autologous platelet exam was carried five months later to confirm the test.
Results Significantly reduced platelet lifespan and half-life was observed for both techniques. The splenic and hepatic ratio were below 1.2 at all time points, meaning that there was no organ sequestration. The fact that we confirmed our test by two different methods allowed us to reject the indication for splenectomy in this child. Strict intravascular destruction has been confirmed. Conclusions 111In-radiolabeled homologous platelets were used to perform the examination and confirmed the results obtained with autologous platelets. Homologous platelet scintigraphy could help clinicians to choose splenectomy as a treatment option for ITP in children with very low platelet count. Work must be done to promote its use.
Engineered Bacterium DF4-8 Achieves Specific Phenol Detection via a unique mopR-like Regulatory Pathway
Authors: Abd-El-Haleem Desouky
Published: March 2024

The engineered Acinetobacter sp. strain DF4-8 demonstrates exceptional bioluminescent detection capabilities for phenol, showcasing its potential as a highly specific environmental biosensor. A novel mopR-like gene within DF4-8, distinct from known mopR genes, points to a unique regulatory pathway governing phenol-induced bioluminescence. Genomic analysis uncovers a complex mopR-like gene region in DF4-8, featuring distinct ORFs and promoters compared to its bioluminescence-negative counterpart, DF4-10. Each ORF exhibits a unique predicted protein structure and harbors novel motifs, with DF4-ORF8 notably carrying a discovered NAD-binding motif (EKRDQVLSLITATA). Co-factor analysis reveals a potential NAD-binding domain (QATKVGVLGAGMMGADVTKWQATKVGVLGAGMMGA) within DF4-ORF8, suggesting its dual functionality in metabolic pathways and phenol recognition. Further exploration of specific regulatory factors, such as ArgR for mopR-ORF, PhoB for DF4-ORF8, and RpoD17 for DF4-ORF10, is crucial for understanding this intricate regulatory network. The study also hints at a potential role of transposable elements (Tn elements) in explaining the dissimilarity among DF4-8, the mopR-like gene, and DF4-10 DNA sequences. These findings shed light on a previously undescribed regulatory pathway governing phenol-induced bioluminescence in DF4-8, unveiling a promising biosensor with enhanced detection specificity and opening avenues for further exploration of the intricate regulatory mechanisms within the mopR-like gene region.
Influences on improved confidence among allied health students in working with Australian Indigenous people during a rural placement: a pre-post survey study
Authors: Woods John A , Fitzgerald Kathryn , Papertalk Lennelle P , Green Charmaine , Rasiah Rohan L , Moran Monica , Bentink Samantha , Thompson Sandra C
Published: March 2024

Background: Together with addressing social determinants of health, culturally safe healthcare provision is essential for closing the health outcomes gap experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) Australians. Rural placements potentially provide students of the health professions with opportunities to enhance their knowledge and skills regarding cultural safety. We used rural placements data systematically collected from allied health students, including commencement- and end-of-placement questionnaire responses, to investigate the determinants of confidence in working with Indigenous people.
Methods: The study comprised data from all students who provided survey data at both commencement and end of their first placement directly supervised by the administering University Department of Rural Health during the period 2019–2022. Five-point ordered responses to the question 'How confident do you feel about working with Aboriginal people?' were used to assess student and placement-related determinants of confidence (Confident/Very confident versus other) at baseline and increased confidence (≥1 point) during the placement using crude and adjusted multivariable robust Poisson regression.
Results: Participating students (N=453) were from diverse allied health disciplines (including pharmacy n=92; 20.3%; chiropractic and social work each n=59, 13.0%; occupational therapy and physiotherapy each n=56, 12.4%). Confidence in dealing with Aboriginal people was higher at commencement among males compared with females (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–1.86), students of Australian rural origin compared with others (aRR 1.46; CI 1.18–1.80), and those who reported previous experience working with Indigenous people (aRR 1.40; CI 1.13–1.72). Notably, for all three of these categories, complementary subgroup 'catch-up' during the placement was evident. Placement attributes associated with increased confidence working with Indigenous people between placement commencement and end were interaction with Indigenous people within the placement (aRR 2.15; CI 1.17–3.98), placement model reflecting more structured academic supervision (aRR 1.22; CI 1.04–1.43), and placement length (aRR per additional day 1.002; CI 1.001–1.004).
Conclusions: While influenced by students’ demographic attributes and prior experiences, confidence of allied health students in working with Indigenous people is enhanced during rural placements, particularly through direct contact with Indigenous people.
Spermine Synthase Engages in Macrophages M2 polarization to Sabotage Antitumor Immunity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Fang Yuan , Sun Yining , Zhou Peitao , Zeng Qin , Qian Junying , Wei guangyan , Li Yongsheng , Liu Yuechen , Lai Yingjie , Wang Wei , Zhan Yizhi , Wu Dehua
Published: March 2024

Disturbances in tumor cell metabolism reshape the tumor microenvironment (TME) and impair antitumor immunity, but the implicit mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we found that spermine synthase (SMS) was significantly upregulated in tumor cells, which correlated positively with immunosuppressive microenvironments and predicted poor survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Via “subcutaneous” and “orthotopic” HCC syngeneic mouse models and a series of in vitro coculture experiments, we identified elevated SMS level in HCC cells played a role in immune escape mainly through its metabolic product spermine, which induced tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) reprogramming and subsequently corresponded with a decreased antitumor functionality of CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, we discovered that spermine reprogrammed TAM mainly by activating the PI3K-Akt-mTOR-S6K signaling pathway. Spermine inhibition in combination with immune checkpoint blockade effectively diminishes tumor burden in vivo. Our results expand the understanding of the critical role of metabolites in regulating cancer progression and anti-tumor immunity, and open new avenues for developing novel therapeutic strategies against HCC.
Associations Between Cerebrospinal Fluid Synaptic Protein Biomarkers and Cognitive Function in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Knorr Ulla , Simonsen Anja , Nilsson Johanna , Brinkmalm Ann , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Knudsen Mark , Forman Julie , Miskowiak K , Hasselbalch Steen , Kessing Lars
Published: March 2024

This study is the first to investigate the association between a comprehensive panel of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) synaptic protein biomarkers and cognitive function utilizing data from a prospective cohort study including N = 59 patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and N = 37 healthy control individuals (HC). Biomarkers of synaptic dysfunction were analyzed by targeted mass spectrometry. They included neuronal pentraxin (NPTX)1, NPTX2, 14-3-3 proteins, AP-2 complex subunit-beta, beta-synuclein, complexin-2, gamma-synuclein, NPTX receptor, phosphatidylethanolamine-binding proteins, rab GDP dissociation inhibitor-alpha, syntaxins-1B and 7. The primary cognition measure was a global cognitive composite score based on neuropsychological tests probing verbal learning and memory, executive function, psychomotor speed, and sustained attention, respectively. Our primary hypothesis was that levels of NPTX1 and NPTX2 were associated with global cognition and verbal memory after adjustment for age, sex, and follow-up time as potential confounders. The study revealed consistent positive associations between CSF protein concentrations of NPTX1 and NPTX2 and global cognitive function. However, only the association with a tryptic peptide from NPTX2 (VAELEDEK) remained statistically significant after adjustment for multiple testing. In contrast, no consistent trends and no significant relationships were found between NPTX1 and NPTX2 and the verbal learning and memory domain. In exploratory analyses, NPTXs showed positive associations with sustained attention, and the NPTX receptor showed a positive association with global cognition scores. Similar trends were found in BD patients and HC individuals, although results remain statistically uncertain, and a spurious finding cannot be ruled out due to multiple testing. In summary, the study provides novel evidence for a potentially pivotal role of CSF synaptic proteins, particularly NPTX1, NPTX2, and NPTX receptor, in shaping global cognitive function across BD and HC populations and increases our understanding of the neurobiological foundations for cognitive functions across diagnostic boundaries.
Steady motion of 80-nm-size skyrmions in a 100-nm-wide track
Authors: Du Haifeng , Song Dongsheng , Wang Weiwei , Zhang Shuisen , Wang Ning , Zheng Fengshan , Tian Mingliang , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal , Zang Jiadong
Published: March 2024

The current-driven movement of magnetic skyrmions along a nanostripe is essential for the advancement and functionality of a new category of spintronic devices resembling racetracks. Despite extensive research into skyrmion dynamics, experimental verification of current-induced motion of ultra-small skyrmions within an ultrathin nanostripe is still pending. Here, we unveil the motion of individual 80-nm-size skyrmions in an FeGe track with an ultrathin width of 100 nm. The skyrmions can move steadily along the track over a broad range of current densities by using controlled pulse durations of as low as 2 ns. The potential landscape, arising from the magnetic edge twists in such a geometrically-confined system, introduces skyrmion inertia and ensures efficient motion with a vanishing skyrmion Hall angle. Our results showcase the steady motion of skyrmions in an ultrathin track, offering a practical pathway for implementing skyrmion-based spintronic devices.
Different numbers of conjunctive stimuli induce LTP or LTD in mouse cerebellar Purkinje cell
Authors: Daida Atsuro , Kurotani Tohru , Yamaguchi Kazuhiko , Takahashi Yuji , Ichinohe Noritaka
Published: March 2024

Long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission at parallel fiber (PF)-Purkinje cell (PC) synapses plays an important role in cerebellum-related motor coordination and learning. LTD is induced by the conjunction of PF stimulation and climbing fiber (CF) stimulation or somatic PC depolarization, while long-term potentiation (LTP) is induced by PF stimulation alone. Thus, it has been considered that different types of stimulation induce different types of synaptic plasticity. However, we found that a small number of conjunctive stimulations (PF + somatic depolarization) induced LTP, and not a small size of LTD. This LTP was not associated with changes in paired-pulse ratio and was dependent on nitric oxide, suggesting postsynaptic LTP. This LTP was also induced by a smaller number of physiological conjunctive stimulations, utilizing PF and CF stimulation. These results suggested that a larger number or longer period of conjunctive stimulation is required to induce LTD by overcoming LTP. Ca2+ imaging during physiological conjunctive stimulation at 0.5 Hz for 180 s (90 times), which was required for LTD induction, demonstrated that the peak amplitude of the Ca2+ signal at the PC dendritic region increased gradually, responding to the repetitive conjunctive stimulation. Instantaneous peak amplitude was not different between the early phase (50–60 s, 26th-30th) and late phase (170–180 s, 86th-90th), but the average amplitude for 60 s was larger in the later phase than in the early phase. These results show that LTD overcomes LTP, and increased Ca2+ integration or a number of stimulations is required for LTD induction.
Forecasting Air Quality in Peninsular Malaysia: Unveiling the Power of Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: SHAFI'I MOHD SUZAIRI MOHD , JUAHIR HAFIZAN
Published: March 2024

Air pollution poses significant risks to human health, the environment, and the economy. Therefore, striving for cleaner air through efficient air quality monitoring is imperative for fostering a healthier and more sustainable future. Predicting air quality is essential to enhance the quality of life, maintain environmental sustainability, and reduce the economic burden associated with poor air quality issues. The artificial neural network (ANN) is widely recognized as a predominant computational tool in air quality studies due to its capabilities in predicting gaseous and particulate pollutant concentrations, as well as forecasting the air pollutant index (API). This study aimed to investigate the predictive performance of ANN in determining the API by utilizing identified potential sources of air pollutants. Five prediction models were created, namely ANN-PC2018, ANN-PC2019, ANN-PC2020, ANN-PC2021, and ANN-PC2022. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to identify the most significant sources of air pollution, and the results were employed to predict the API using ANN. The ANN-PC2019 model exhibited the highest performance with an R2 value of 0.8612 and RMSE of 7.7467, utilizing four major pollutants as input variables. These findings suggest that forecasting air quality using fewer parameters yields reliable outcomes.
Concurrent Transurethral Resection of The Prostate (TURP) and Inguinal Hernioplasty
Authors: Hsu Ting-Wei , Tseng Wen-Hsin , Huang Steven K. , Chiu Allen W. , Li Chien-Feng , Shiue Yow-Ling
Published: March 2024

Background
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition in aging males, leading to bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and associated urinary symptoms. With increasing life expectancy, the incidence of BPH and its co-morbidities, like inguinal hernia, has risen. This study explores the efficacy of combining transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and inguinal hernioplasty in a single surgical session to address both conditions, potentially reducing the need for multiple hospitalizations and surgical interventions.
Methods
This retrospective study at Chi Mei Medical Center included patients from 2014 to 2023 who underwent concurrent TURP and inguinal hernioplasty. A total of 85 patients met the criteria defined for this study. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics were meticulously documented. Outcomes evaluated included the duration of the surgery, incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications, duration of Foley catheterization, length of hospital stay, and treatment efficacy. Additionally, we conducted a comparative assessment of the surgical outcomes between two distinct techniques for inguinal hernia repair: open hernioplasty and laparoscopic hernioplasty (LH).
Results
In 85 patients who met the criteria, the mean age was 71.1 ± 7.8 years. The study reported no significant intraoperative complications, and postoperative care was focused on monitoring for blood loss, infection, and managing pain. The average postoperative hospital stay was 2.9 ± 1.0 days and the mean duration of catheterization was 51.6 ± 16.7 hours, with a minimal complication rate observed during the one-year follow-up. A significant reduction in both operative duration and catheterization interval was observed in patients undergoing LH as opposed to those receiving open hernioplasty.
Conclusion
Concurrent TURP and inguinal hernioplasty effectively manage BOO due to BPH and inguinal hernias with minimal complications, suggesting a viable approach to reducing hospital stays and surgical interventions. Laparoscopic techniques, in particular, offer benefits in operative efficiency and recovery time, making combined surgery a feasible option for selected patients.
The molecular mechanisms of imatinb treatment on acute lung injury in septic mice through proteomic technology
Authors: Wang Xiao Wang , Zhou ZhiQing Zhou , Li DuanYang Li , Zhang BoYang Zhang , Zong XiaoLong Zong , Li ZhenYu Li , Liang Xue Liang
Published: March 2024

Background
Acute lung injury (ALI) is the most common complication of sepsis. Despite considerable progress in the treatment of sepsis, morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis-induced ALI remain high and effective treatment strategies are lacking. A previous study has shown that imatinib reduces the rate of acute pulmonary damage in septic mice, and this particular study was ongoing for more than a decade. However, the molecular mechanism by which imatinib reduces lung injury in septic mice remains unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism by which imatinib alleviates ALI in septic mice.
Methods
A septicemia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), followed by tail vein injection of imatinib in the treatment group and normal saline injection in the control group. Flow cytometry was used to detect inflammatory factors, and hematoxylin staining was used to detect pathological injury to the lung tissue. TMT quantitative labeling technology was used for proteomic sequencing analysis. The main target protein was identified through bioinformatics and its expression was confirmed using western blotting.
Results
We identified 706 differentially expressed proteins, 128 of which were associated with the protective effects of imatinib against septic lung injury. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that imatinib-related differentially expressed proteins may be related to electron transfer, coagulation, and endothelial cell regulation in the oxidative respiratory chain. Enrichment of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway, complement-coagulation cascade, chemokine signaling pathway, and cytochrome-cytochrome receptor interaction pathway were also observed. Additionally, we found that the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) increased in the sepsis group, but decreased in the imatinib group, consistent with our sequencing results.
Conclusion
Imatinib may reduce ALI in mice with sepsis by participating in oxidative respiratory and inflammatory responses, clotting response-related signaling pathways, and downregulating CEBPD and PDK4 expression.
Design of an electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan/curcumin based- wound dressing containing titania nanotubes (TNT)
Authors: Eslami Hossein , Kabiri Naiemeh , Ansari Mojtaba , Zare-Zardini Hadi , Pisheh Hossein Rayat
Published: March 2024

Burn wounds are one of the most significant causes of morbidity around the world. Burn wound healing and skin tissue regeneration still have serious and considerable challenges. This study applies the electrospinning method to make PVA-chitosan-curcumin wound dressing containing titania nanotubes with 0.5, 1.5, and 3 wt%, following that their physicochemical properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mechanical test. Then, the in vivo effectiveness of the designed wound dressing in the wound healing process in the Wistar rat model was evaluated for two weeks. The most important result of applying the TiO2 nanotube was the improved regeneration of damaged tissues with an appreciable decline in scar formation, skin color anomalies, and accelerated wound healing and contraction.
Fixed Point and Common Fixed Point of Enriched Hardy-Rogers Contractions in Some Banach Spaces
Authors: Omidire Olaoluwa Jeremiah , Olatinwo Memudu Olaposi
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we prove some fixed point and common fixed point theorems for enriched contractions. Having in mind, the wide range of applicability of Banach contraction principle, the focus of this paper is to give more robust contractive conditions called enriched {\itshape{Hardy-Rogers contractions}}. Our results generalize and extend results of [Banach, S. (1922); Sur les Operations dans les Ensembles Abstraits et leur Appliication aux quations intrales, Fundamenta Mathematicae 3, 133-181], [Jungck G. (1976): Commuting mappings and fixed points, Amer. Math. Monthly, 83, 261-263], [Hardy G.E. and Rogers T.D.(1973), A generalization of a fixed point theorem of Reich, Canad.Math.Bull., 16, 201-206], [Berinde, V., Păcurar, M. Approximating fixed points of enriched contractions in Banach spaces. J. Fixed Point Theory Appl. 22, 38 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11784-020-0769-9] and many more related results in the literature.
Spatial Correlation of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Between Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Targeted and Systematic Biopsy, and Whole-mount Pathology: Implications for Optimal Prostate Biopsy Strategy
Authors: Pacini Matteo , Morganti Riccardo , Zucchi Alessandro , Dazzi Filippo , Pastore Antonio Luigi , Valenzi Fabio Maria , Giannarini Gianluca , Ficarra Vincenzo , Simonato Alchiede , Faviana Pinuccia , Bartoletti Riccardo
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE To pinpoint clinically significant Prostate Cancer (csPCa) sites at whole mount pathological analysis (WMA) after radical prostatectomy and compare the results obtained to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and fusion targeted prostate biopsy (TB) combined or less with systematic biopsy (TSB) findings.METHODS 688 patients who underwent to mpMRI and prostate biopsy (PB) were retrospectively evaluated in a multicenter cohort study. 435 of them showed PIRADS ≥ 3 lesions at mpMRI and underwent to Targeted plus Systematic (TSB) or Targeted biopsies alone (TB). Only 201 patients underwent to radical prostatectomy and were suitable for final analysis. T-test for paired DATA and Pearson’s correlation analysis were performed to assess the agreement between different methods.RESULTS The correlation between mpMRI, prostate biopsy and WMA reports was good and comparable in both groups. PI-RADS 4 and 5 lesions agreed with TB and WMA findings. However, about 50% of csPCa tumor sites remained undetected at mpMRI. No correlation in TB group for PI-RADS 3 lesions was found. TSB was able to identify 20% more csPCa sites than TB although the higher risk of tumor upgrading.CONCLUSIONS mpMRI is still an accurate method for the diagnosis of PCa, mainly for PI-RADS 4 and 5 lesions although some csPCa sites often remain undetected. This may be considered as a critical issue for the surgical planning in order to avoid the risk of positive margins. The use of TSB improves the location agreement between PB and WMA up to 80% but may increase the risk of tumor upgrading.
Pancreatic cancer-related diabetes mellitus: A retrospective investigation of clinical characteristics and relationship with the prognosis
Authors: Takaoka Takehiro , Oono Takamasa , Ohno Akihisa , Murakami Masatoshi , Matsumoto Kazuhide , Teramatsu Katsuhito , Ueda Keijiro , Fujimori Nao , Ogawa Yoshihiro
Published: March 2024

Background
The bidirectional association between pancreatic cancer (PaC) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is well-established. PaC-related DM (PRDM) is characterized by low insulin secretion and insulin resistance.
Aims
To investigate the diabetic state and PRDM, and assess whether these markers have predictive value for survival in patients with PaC.
Methods
We retrospectively examined the clinical factors, glucagon stimulation test results, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores in patients with PaC. PRDM was defined as if fasting blood glucose was ≥ 126 mg/dL or if hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was ≥ 6.5%. We reviewed new-onset PRDM without diabetes treatment history. Increments in C-peptide levels after glucagon stimulation (ΔC-peptide) was examined. Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests were used for data analysis.
Results
The ΔC-peptide value was ≥ 1 ng/ml in 77.3% of the patients with PaC, of which 13.8% demonstrated a HOMA-IR score > 2.5 and 42.2% of them showed PRDM. The presence of PRDM was significantly shorter overall survival (OS). Patients with ΔC-peptide < 1ng/ml did not show significantly shorter OS than those with ≥ 1 ng/ml (median, 546 [95%CI, 373–900] vs. 567 [514–772] days, p = 0.59). The group with HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5 also did not show a significantly shorter median OS than the group with HOMA-IR < 2.5 (median, 371 [528–710] vs. 571 [221–954] days, p = 0.068)
Conclusions
The ΔC-peptide values and HOMA-IR score were not significant predictors of survival although PRDM could be related with prognosis.
Variability in resistance training trajectories of breast cancer patients undergoing therapy
Authors: Koeppel Maximilian , Steindorf Karen , Schmidt Martina , Rosenberger Friederike , Wiskemann Joachim
Published: March 2024

Purpose
In resistance training (RT) the change in training volume from training sessions (TS) to TS, is an indicator of training progress. Resulting growth-trajectories are likely to differ between individuals. Understanding this variation is important for exercise planning in general, but even more for clinical populations. We investigated this variation in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment.
Methods
Data of 69 patients from two randomized controlled trails were investigated. They conducted a 12-week RT program. We fitted a quadratic Bayesian regression model to the baseline standardized training volume over the course of the intervention. We allowed all parameters to vary both between exercises and between individuals.
Results
We observed a positive linear component of 0.093 (95% Uncertainty interval (UI) 0.058 to 0.120) and a negative quadratic component of -0.002 (95% UI -0.008 to 0.001) for the mean trajectory of the change in training volume. For the different exercises we observed a dispersion for both the linear (0.043, 95% UI 0.018 to 0.082) and the quadratic component (0.002, 95% UI < 0.001 to 0.004). Variation between-individual appears to be approximately 4 times larger. We also observed between-exercise variation within individuals. Extrapolation of the regression model indicates training progression stagnates after 20.6 TS (95% UI 14.8 to 44.4).
Conclusion
There is substantial variation in RT response between breast cancer patients undergoing tumor therapy and in-between exercises. The non-linear trajectory indicates that training progression will eventually plateau, demanding periodization and timely modification.
Trial Registration:
BEATE Study: NCT01106820, Date: April 20, 2010; BEST Study: NCT01468766, Date: November 9, 2011
Exogenous application of salicylic acid improves eradication of apple stem grooving virus and apple chlorotic leaf spot virus in apple by combining thermotherapy with shoot tip culture or cryotherapy
Authors: Ma Xiao-Yan , Li Jin-Wei , Li Qing , Yan Zi-Han , Cheng Xi , Wang Min-Rui , Hamborg Zhibo , Bao Lu , Zhang Dong , Li Min-Ji
Published: March 2024

The presence of viral diseases poses a significant challenge to the high-quality, efficient, and sustainable production of apples. Virus eradication and the use of virus-free plants is currently the most crucial method for preventing viral diseases. Among the viruses affecting apples, apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) and apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) present particular challenges in efficient eradication from apples. This study investigated the effects of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) treatment on efficient eradication of these viruses from apple ‘Yanfu 8’ after combining thermotherapy with shoot tip culture or cryotherapy. Results showed that the inclusion of 10 µM SA in thermotherapy significantly decreased the concentrations of ASGV and ACLSV by 73–85% in shoots as compared with that treated without SA. SA treatment also improved the shoot tips survival and regrowth after combining 2 or 4 weeks of thermotherapy followed by shoot tip culture or shoot tip cryotherapy, while maintaining the higher (75–100%) of virus eradication efficiencies. Therefore, the application of SA in combination with thermotherapy proves to be a promising approach for enhancing the efficiency of virus eradication in apple.
Successful aging was negatively associated with depression and anxiety symptoms among adults aged 65 years and older in Ningbo, China
Authors: Li Lian , Yang Hongying , Gao Yan , Yan Wei , Yuan Yuerong , Lian Guomin
Published: March 2024

Background
Depression and anxiety are the emotional problems most frequently experienced by older adults. We aimed to investigate the associations between successful aging (SA) and depression and anxiety in older adults from Ningbo, China.
Methods
A cross-sectional study of 6,672 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older was performed. SA, depression, and anxiety symptoms were self-reported and measured using the Successful Aging Inventory (SAI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item (PHQ-9), and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), respectively. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the associations of SA with depression and anxiety.
Results
After multivariate adjustment, we found that the SAI score was independently associated with the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores (β = −0.048 and − 0.069, respectively). Multivariate-adjusted spline regression models showed negative, nonlinear dose–response associations between the SAI score and both anxiety and depression symptoms (Pfor nonlinearity = 0.001 for both). With the highest quartile set as the reference, we determined that the lowest SAI score quartile was independently associated with both anxiety symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 10.926, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.268, 22.664) and depression symptoms (OR = 16.131, 95% CI: 8.423, 30.892). In subgroup analyses, the association between the SAI score and depression symptoms was significantly higher in rural than in urban areas (P for interaction = 0.024).
Conclusions
Among older adults in Ningbo, China, SA was found to play an important role in depression and anxiety symptoms, suggesting the need for effective and feasible interventions to promote SA in Chinese older adults.
Conception Vessels Acupuncture Research Regularity in the Treatment of Diminished Ovarian Reserve: a multi-center, large-sample prospective cohort study protocol
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Sun Hao , Zhang Na , Mou Zijun , Xia Qingchang , Du Dongqing , Ma Yuxia
Published: March 2024

Background:
Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) refers to a decrease in the number or quality of oocytes in the ovarian cortex, which is a degenerative disease of the reproductive system, and can further develop into premature ovarian failure. There are few studies on acupuncture and moxibustion for DOR, which are still in the exploratory stage.
Methods/design:
This study was a real-world case registry study. According to whether the subjects received conception vessel acupuncture or not, they were divided into the basic treatment combined with conception vessel acupuncture group and the basic treatment group. A total of 1221 patients with DOR were enrolled and treated for 12 weeks. The percentage of patients with ≥30% improvement in anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was evaluated at the end of week 12. Secondary outcomes included Antral follicle count (AFC), modified Kupperman scale, basal FSH level, LH level, FSH/LH ratio, positive pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, early spontaneous abortion, ongoing pregnancy, and ectopic pregnancy.
Discussion:
This study provides clinical evidence and theoretical support for the treatment of DOR with conception vessel acupuncture and moxibustion, so as to guide and improve the efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Trial registration: Acupuncture-Moxibustion Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2400080471. Registered on 30 January 2024.