bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fortalecimiento de tendencias delegativas en la democracia venezolana durante la Revolución Bolivariana
Authors: García Chourio José Guillermo , Oquendo Luis J. González
Published: December 2022

The 1998 election of Hugo Chávez as President of Venezuelamarked the beginning of a new phenomenon regarding politicalpersonalization in the old Venezuelan democracy. Besides beingan outsider, Chávez has governed with a certain authoritarianshade, always using a concept of discourse radically opposed tothe market economy. However, beyond revisiting the abovementioned elements to the level of functioning of thegovernment, the purpose of this article was to describe, from theoptics of the functioning of the democratic regime, some of theprincipal indicators that show the delegative tendency, which hasacquired the Venezuelan democracy as a structural characterfrom the governments of Chávez. In this respect, it has beenobserved that the use of delegative strategies of government has,more and more, spoiled the weak checks and balances of State,from an institutional point of view. Nevertheless, it not hasmanaged, up to this moment, to spoil the basic proceduralnucleus of the polyarchical game existing in Venezuela.
Democracia directa en America Latina.
Authors: De Carvalho Vinicius Mariano , García Chourio José Guillermo
Published: December 2022

Introducción a la sección temática.
Pan, tierra y tapaboca: Luis Muñoz Marín y el breve interregno democrático del Partido Popular (Puerto Rico, 1938-1948)
Authors: Buscaglia José F.
Published: December 2022

José F. BThe launching in 1938 and the implementation over the next twodecades of the reform program of the Popular Democratic Party (PPD) resulted ina radical transformation of the economy and a massive realignment of socialforces in Puerto Rico. That process was officially known as the ‘Puerto RicanMiracle’ and, at the height of the Cold War, it was promoted by the USA as a‘peaceful revolution’ in contraposition to the armed insurrection commanded byFidel Castro in Cuba. This article describes a process less transparent anddemocratic that, conforming to Latin American populist traditions, unfoldedwithin a continuum where internal debate inside the PPD and opposition forces inthe public sphere, were systematically supressed as Luis Muñoz Marin rose tobecome the uncontested leader of the movement. The experiment was also afailed exercise in decolonization that brought dire consequences to large sectorsof Puerto Rican society.
Poesía y poliorcética. El Auto de San Lorenzo de José de Anchieta y la conquista del imaginario indígena
Authors: Suárez Juan Carlos Cruz
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe conquest and colonization of a territory entails a series of operationsdesigned to eliminate a whole model of culture. After wartime, the colonizationand subsequent disposal of the collective imagination of the conquered space isimposed by the invadors. The operations performed in order to carry out such aremoval occur mainly in the space of discourse. Indeed poetry —or literature ingeneral— is one of the discourses used to execute this operation. This articleaims to establish a connection between the art of war and the colonization of theimagination through poetry. I will try to point out that the two mechanisms ofinvasion cannot be separated if the aim is to control the other effectively.Following this perspective I will analyze El auto de San Lorenzo written inBrazil in the middle of the XVI century by the Jesuit José de Anchieta. This playis precisely one of the most representative evidences of what I will call here atotal conquest.
Dictaduras y gobiernos autoritarios en Iberoamérica en el siglo XX
Authors: Palacios Julián Chaves
Published: December 2022

Latin America launched in the second half of the twentieth century an example ofpolitical destabilization due to initiatives such as the National Security Doctrine,which was fostered by U.S. special scope in most countries of the Americancontinent. The product of political destabilization and coups implementingdictatorial and authoritarian political systems was the norm. Military regimes, inmany cases, prolonged their existence for decades and were in the systematicviolation of human rights the basis of their livelihood. Executions,disappearances, arrests and exile formed their code of conduct as most effectiveway to control dissent. Protests against these outrages by the affected familiesand representative associations succeeded in promoting democratic governments,public policies to clarify what happened and give dignity and justice to therepressed.
El turismo cultural en Argentina, México y Brasil. Avances y desafíos
Authors: Clausen Helene Balslev , Velázquez Mario Alberto
Published: December 2022

The following article discusses public policy on cultural tourism in Mexico, Brazil andArgentina. We make a descriptive analysis of the main characteristics in these threecountries in order to compare their growth. Furthermore, we seek to analyze thedifferent scopes and programs for public tourism development in these countries.
Nota editorial
Authors: Suárez Juan Carlos Cruz
Published: December 2022

Nota editorial
Formación en español con objetivos académicos
Authors: Picanco Deise Cristina de Lima
Published: December 2022

Introducción: contextos del surgimiento de la enseñanza de LEcon objetivos específicosLa Enseñanza de Lengua Extranjera para Fines Específicos (ELEPFE) surgióen la década de 1960 y se consolidó en las décadas siguientes con distintosnombres. De acuerdo con algunos autores (Chaves 2006, Ferreira y Rosa 2008,Celani 1997), el contexto de su nacimiento está relacionado al contexto desurgimiento del abordaje comunicativo, pero no se confunde totalmente con él.Así como el abordaje comunicativo, la ELEPFE surgió a causa de grandeshechos sociales e históricos, además de los cambios teóricos y metodológicosproducidos dentro del campo del estudio de la lengua. El primero de ellos fue eldesplazamiento del eje económico hacia los EEUU durante las décadas de 1950 y1960, como consecuencia del apoyo económico dado a los países europeos quesufrieron la destrucción de su parque industrial y la pérdida de una partesignificativa de trabajadores durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El segundo fueel desarrollo de investigaciones en el área de la lingüística y adquisición delenguas. El tercero fue la creación del Marco Común Europeo de Referencia paralas Lenguas, en la década de 1970.El primer aspecto a ser analizado es que, según Hobsbawn (1995: 44), laSegunda Guerra Mundial estableció entre los países participantes, rehenes oaliados de cada uno de los bloques, un vínculo económico y político. De acuerdocon el autor, los países involucrados en este conflicto mundial pueden serclasificados en dos grupos: al primero pertenecen aquellos países europeos quefueron el escenario de la guerra y que por eso sufrieron pérdidas devastadoras ensus poblaciones, principalmente de trabajadores. Además de eso, sufrieronpérdidas en su infraestructura, creando una momentánea incapacidad económica.Del otro lado, en el segundo grupo, tenemos los países que participaron en la
El enfoque cognitivo del análisis crítico del discurso en la enseñanza del español a nivel universitario en Italia
Authors: Theiner Irene Margarita
Published: December 2022

La enseñanza de E/LE en universidades italianas plantea los retos de laformación superior humanística –construir saber crítico– y la didáctica delenguas afines –elaborar estrategias de exploración interlingüística–, a los queresponde eficazmente una didáctica contrastiva intercultural, basada en laintegración del Análisis Crítico del Discurso (a partir de ahora, ACD) y laLingüística Cognitiva (LC).El prejuicio según el cual para los italófonos es ‘fácil’ aprender la lenguaespañola ha dado como resultado que ‘los italianos la conocen poco y mal’(Calvi, 2004: 2). Para superar las trampas de la afinidad entre español e italiano,la autora propone el análisis contrastivo.
Estrategias pragmáticas e interculturales en la interacción comunicativa oral en ELE, variantes latinoamericanas
Authors: Gómez Jessica Elejalde
Published: December 2022

El estudio empírico sobre las estrategias de aprendizaje para la adquisiciónde lenguas segundas y extranjeras (en adelante ASL) se ha orientado a laidentificación, tratamiento y desarrollo de estas en el plano cognitivo,metacognitivo, social y afectivo. Si bien, gran parte de la investigación se haenfocado al reconocimiento de las estrategias que permitan identificar y conocerlos aspectos lingüísticos concernientes a la lengua en cuestión, pocos son losestudios relacionados con las estrategias que posibilitan la comunicación y el usode la lengua según el contexto, los ámbitos y situaciones de la cotidianeidad,como por ejemplo, las conversaciones espontáneas, formales e informales.
Welcome to Limbo
Authors: Mora Vicente Luis
Published: December 2022

In the late years many books of verses and novels published in Spain and Latin Americaincluded references to spaces between spaces. Places, Limbos or heterotopies (Foucault)characterized by temporary suspension in which the characters, or the poetic voice, thinkabout the experience of lack of localization or consider the liquidity (Bauman) of the spatialexperience in them. Beyond Auge’s concept of non-lieux, no longer useful for this kind ofplaces between places, the text will try to explore the literary consequences of these newexperiences, dividing them in limbic and aeronautic, looking forward to build anexplanation of the high number of narrative and poetic uses in contemporary Transatlanticliterature.
Sebreli, Juan José (1998). La era del fútbol. Editorial Sudamericana, Buenos Aires, 349 p.
Authors: Tallgren Viveca
Published: December 2022

Sebreli, Juan José (1998). La era del fútbol. Editorial Sudamericana, BuenosAires, 349 p.
Reflexões sobre a colonização e a colonialidade no início do século XXI
Authors: Neto Vitale Joanoni
Published: December 2022

This article proposes to deal with multiculturalism in the contemporary world and does sorelational. From the sixteenth century the Western world was divided between metropolisesand colonies, with clear roles assigned to each of these parts: it was the first occupation andexploitation of natural and human resources of the territories under his command and to thesecond reduce their existence to condition dependent, producing what is allowed him as andwhen it was determined. International capital took its first steps toward the construction ofits hegemony, this first time in close partnership with the nascent nations-states. The crisisof paradigms and the internationalization of capital imposed other ideologies, otherdiscourses, including respect for identities, the coexistence of hybrid worlds culturallydifferent to what he called multiculturalism.
Educação e liberdade
Authors: Da Silva André Gustavo Ferreira
Published: December 2022

In this article we explore the notion of freedom expressed in the pedagogical thinking of theMERCOSUR countries (Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and Brazil) during the redemocratizationperiod. We do a comparative study with emphasis on the ideas ofautonomy and democracy in the current era. It is methodologically supported bybibliographic research using periodicals of large circulation in the pedagogicalenvironment. It is concluded that the integration of pedagogical ideas in the region wasdriven by the connection of the teacher union movement, the progressive Catholic Churchand even the conjunction of interests of sectors linked to private schools. The idea of libertywas represented through the defense of private freedom advocated by school owners, andalso defended through the rereading of the New School by the middle sector of society. Itwas also understood as revolution of capitalist structures by the teacher union movement -which proposed the pedagogical process as counter-hegemonic - and as liberation byeducators linked to Freire.
Del orgullo gay a la Diversidad Sexual
Authors: Arévalo Amaral Palevi Gómez
Published: December 2022

This paper aims to analyze the process of organization of gay, lesbian,bisexual transvestite, transsexual, transgender and intersex identities (LGBTI)in San Salvador between 1992 and 2015. We identified four moments of thisprocess: 1) The “Gay Pride” represents the initial moment of organization inthe post-war period; 2) The “LGBTI” as result of the consolidation ofidentities; 3) The emergence of “Sexual Diversity” as a political player; and4) “Making a difference without being different” that represents restrictedsocial recognition. We used the concepts of sexual politics and symbolicactions for the analysis of each proposed historic moment. In conclusion, theLGBTI movement has promoted social questioning the binary patterns ofsexuality as well as the gender essentialism, through symbolic actions. Thesexual politics has focused on promoting the human rights of the LGBTpopulation.
De muñecas a dueñas. Una mirada sobre la aparente inversión de roles de género en las narcoseries de Telemundo
Authors: Mejías Ainhoa Vásquez
Published: December 2022

In the pioneers narcoseries –Sin tetas no hay paraíso and Las muñecas de lamafia, inter alia– the feminine characters were featured as victims: naiveyoung women seduced by drug dealers who were turning them into trophy.Telemundo (a broadcast television network), in turn, it has changed thisimage including leading protagonists of the drug dealing. Seemingly, itprovokes investment reversal in the traditional gender roles, because thewomen turn into an active agent in a patriarchal world. Nevertheless, theseprotagonists are defined by means of stereotypically feminine elements,such as the kindness, the sacrifice and especially, the maternity that isconcreted, in a literal and metaphorical way in two analyzed narcoseries: LaReina del Sur and Camelia la texana. Notwithstanding, the real subversiveact of these characters –in order to depart from gender prototypes– is herability to analyze and decide. They, rather than consider themselves asvictims of her circumstances, assume her responsibility for the life that theyhave chosen and for the violence with which they act.
Lucas do Rio Verde/MT
Authors: Da Silva Fernanda Celina Nicoli , De Souza Edison Antônio
Published: December 2022

The expansion of agricultural frontiers in the Brazilian Amazon occurred in many places, together with the transformation of its agricultural profile. In the case of the state of Mato Grosso, and specifically the municipality of Lucas do Rio Verde, a series of plans and programs during the civil-military government stimulated migration to that region. However, in the municipality, a model of aquaculture that was highly dependent on new technologies and capital was encouraged, in which the majority of the decapitalized farmers could not continue to produce without specific State incentives, leading to their expropriation and consequent land concentration.
Agricultural Frontiers as Controversial Place-making Territories
Authors: Ioris Antonio A. R.
Published: December 2022

The intricacies of one of the most relevant agricultural frontiers in the world today – the State of Mato Grosso, in the Brazilian Amazon – are considered through an examination of place-making. Vast areas of rainforest and savannah were converted, since the 1970s, into places of intensive farming, to fulfil exogenous demands for land and agricultural production. Instead of merely studying the constellation of interconnected places, we examine the politicised genesis of the emerging places and their trajectory under socio-ecological disputes. Empirical results reveal three main moments of place-making characterised, respectively, by displacement, replacement and misplacement. In order to understand those intricate processes, it is necessary a qualitative intellectual jump: from place-making on the frontier to place-making as an ontological frontier in itself. Mato Grosso remains an unsettled frontier between a new socio-spatiality (shaped by fast economic growth) and the perpetuation of old practices (marked by exclusion and tensions).
Informal economy in coffee country: farmers’ use of Western certification schemes
Authors: Schaltz Theresa Sønderskov , Bork Frederikke Korsgaard
Published: December 2022

This article investigates formal and informal economies in the Colombian coffee industry. We look at the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically goal no. 12 on Responsible Consumption and Production. One way of formalising is through the use of certifications. The article is based on fieldwork in Colombia, interviews with roasters and online research. We investigate the use of certifications as a way to ensure fair trade, natural resources and sustainable livelihoods, and look critically at certification programmes, and how certificates can be problematic for producers. Further, we look at direct trade as an alternative to established certification programmes. We look at direct trade, not as a replacement for formalized certification programmes, but as an alternative for some coffee producers, and we argue that there are several ways to include the United Nations’ SDG no. 12 into the coffee industry.
TRANSDISCIPLINARITY AS A DECOLONIZING RESEARCH PRACTICE
Authors: Streck Danilo R
Published: December 2022

The paper intends to contribute to an international understanding of transdiciplinarity (TD) from the perspective of Latin America. The basic argument is that TD is a research practice that can foster knowledge democracy within the framework of decoloniality as a social and academic praxis. The first part of the paper highlights some historical and contemporary practices that are important to shape a decolonizing approach to transdisciplinarity. The second section discusses issues involved in the development of transdisciplinary political, contextual and institutional conditions, besides the researcher’s personal and professional commitment and preparedness.
La utopía indígena: resistencia en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Ansótegui Elena
Published: December 2022

Este artículo pretende analizar de qué manera la irrupción del COVID-19 está afectando entre las comunidades indígenas de México, centrándose en especial, en la zona organizada en torno al Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (EZLN), en el sureste del país. Para ello se hará un repaso de la actuación de las comunidades indígenas ante la crisis sanitaria y de su vulnerabilidad ante el virus y conflictos adyacentes provocados por el abandono gubernamental y relacionados con el medio ambiente, los Derechos humanos y la construcción de Mega proyectos extractivistas que enfatizan la crisis sanitaria. El objetivo del mismo es demostrar que la resistencia indígena es en la actualidad una utopía necesaria y urgente que nos hace creer que formas alternativas de organizarse son posibles.
‘Awakening the Sleeping Beauty’: Brazil’s vision of a modern agriculture and the Role of the Office of Inter-American Affairs under Nelson Rockefeller
Authors: Prutsch Ursula
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the role of the U.S. war institution Office of Inter-American Affairs (1940-45) in the modernization policies of Brazil during the first government of Getúlio Vargas. The first section analyses - based on Brazil’s modernization utopias since the late 19th century - the concept of nation-building with its “March to the West”, the integration of the hinterland into the nation. The second section describes the structure and strategies of the Office of Inter-American Affairs (OIAA) and its goals to mobilize as many natural resources for the war effort as possible. Providing food supply for Allied Forces and US troops in Brazil, and for miners and rubber collectors comprised the most eminent tasks of the OIAA, whose agricultural policies in Brazil are the topics of the third section, while the last section highlights that the US policies of agricultural modernization in Brazil went far beyond World War II.
“Al aire sombrearé lo transparente”: Los anteojos de sor Juana Inés de la Cruz y su arte político tras la cámara oscura.
Authors: Llosa Sanz Alvaro
Published: December 2022

En las escenas VII-X del cuadro segundo correspondientes al auto sacramental El mártir del Sacramento, San Hermenegildo de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1651-1695), el personaje que alegoriza la fantasía del rey Leovigildo proyecta visiblemente la serie de reyes godos hispánicos en el espacio teatral. Esta visibilidad generada por la facultad de la fantasía cumple perfectamente los requisitos de composición visual adscritos al arte de la memoria áureo e incluso comunica visiblemente la arquitectura dramática del discurso glorificador de la monarquía implícita en dicha escenificación. Conforman un teatro de la memoria que, gestado desde la cultura emblemática y programática áurea de las galerías de la fama, se escenifica fantásticamente ante los ojos de la audiencia. El conjunto de escenas se inscribe además en el asunto político-religioso del arrianismo visigodo y la cuestión de la conversión de la monarquía al cristianismo católico representado por Hermenegildo, príncipe heredero. Me interesa abordar, en el contexto colonial de sor Juana, cómo la proyección de estas imágenes virtuales y hologramáticas producidas en el espacio teatral se corresponden y dialogan tanto con el pensamiento hermético de los emblemas y occhiali políticos como con las tecnologías ópticas de la época, en especial la cámara obscura, que podría considerarse como herramienta nueva al servicio de la tradición del arte de la memoria y llega hasta nuestros días en forma de cinematografía y otras proyecciones visuales virtuales.
Literatura digital para el fin del mundo
Authors: Saum-Pascual Alex
Published: December 2022

Este ensayo examina la relación entre tecnologías digitales y desastre climático a partir de una serie de obras de literatura digital que exponen su imbricación en las redes de explotación mineral y energética producto de estas tecnologías. Se propone que el marco binario moderno que separa al ser humano de la naturaleza de manera dicotómica se ha perpetuado en la evolución de los medios digitales dando pie a la globalización digital contemporánea. Proponiendo el Capitaloceno (Moore) como periodización alternativa, se analiza la obra de 8 artistas digitales provenientes de la diáspora latinoamericana y España donde se problematizan las divisiones virtual/material y humanidad/naturaleza para proponer una relación ética poshumana con la naturaleza (Braidotti, Haraway, Hayles). Finalmente, se concluye también que el impacto medioambiental de la literatura digital la sitúa siempre en el centro de cualquier debate transatlántico.
Con mi canto por el mundo, Pablo Neruda
Authors: Almarza Sara
Published: December 2022

Con mi canto por el mundo, Pablo Neruda
Na exterioridade da nação
Authors: De Oliveira Marinyze Prates
Published: December 2022

Até a década de 1930, aproximadamente, a literatura no Brasil representou o espaço por excelência de construção dos discursos e imagens da nacionalidade. Contemporaneamente, no entanto, são os meios de comunicação de massa, em especial cinema e televisão, os principais plasmadores de modos de ser do homo nationalis, fato que torna os filmes resultantes da adaptação de obras literárias um objeto privilegiado para análise dessa questão, conforme procederemos aqui, em relação a três deles: O descobrimento do Brasil, realizado por Humberto Mauro (1937), com base na Carta de Pero Vaz de Caminha; O Guarani, dirigido por Norma Bengell (1996), com base no romance de José de Alencar, e Macunaíma, adaptado por Joaquim Pedro de Andrade (1969), da rapsódia de Mário de Andrade.
Algumas incursões sobre o significado de espaço público nos pensamentos de Hannah Arendt, Jürgen Habermas, Charles Taylor e Nelson Saldanha
Authors: Barbosa Ana P.
Published: December 2022

Algumas incursões sobre o significado de espaço público nos pensamentos de Hannah Arendt, Jürgen Habermas, Charles Taylor e Nelson Saldanha
O mito da democracia racial e a mestiçagem no Brasil (1889-1930)
Authors: Domingues Petrônio
Published: December 2022

Neste artigo, mostramos que, no plano das idéias, o mito da democracia racial foi construído progressivamente no transcurso do Brasil Colônia e Império. No alvorecer da República, era senso-comum considerar a sociedade brasileira desprovida de qualquer tipo de barreira racial. Assim, o maior mérito de Gilberto Freyre, ao lançar Casa Grande & Senzala, em 1933, não foi "descobrir" uma suposta igualdade de oportunidades entre negros e brancos, mas tê-la transformado na ideologia racial oficial do país. Além disso, fazemos um balanço da mestiçagem no sistema racial brasileiro, tendo como palco de nossas preocupações São Paulo, no recorte histórico da Primeira República (1889-1930).
Televisão e construção da agenda eleitoral no Brasil
Authors: Miguel Luis Felipe
Published: December 2022

Televisão e construção da agenda eleitoral no Brasil
Urban Reforms and the Birth of City Planning in Rio de Janeiro and Recife (1904-1945)
Authors: Outtes Dr. Joes
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses urban reforms and the birth of city planning in Rio de Janeiro and Recife between the years 1904 and 1945. It deals with financial changes, political struggles, housing crises and the birth of city planning itself. The paper concludes that these urban reforms brought another image of the city, a new townscape and a different experience of living. These developments were characterised by proto-modern architecture, skyscrapers built on large avenues, distant housing with long journeys to work for the poorest, or overcrowded favelas (slum setlements) around the city centre.
Ruffato, Luiz. Eles eram muito cavalos. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2001.
Authors: Eble Laeticia Jensen
Published: December 2022

Ruffato, Luiz. Eles eram muito cavalos. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2001.
Violência, marginalidade e espaço na narrativa brasileira contemporânea
Authors: Dalcastagnè Regina
Published: December 2022

Violência, marginalidade e espaço na narrativa brasileira contemporânea
Leer un género, mirar el mundo
Authors: Sosa Carlos Hernán
Published: December 2022

En torno de la obra del escritor argentino Eduardo Gutiérrez se ha ido acumulando, ya desde fines del siglo XIX, una serie de hipótesis de lectura, de variada índole, que han instituido sus textos como elementos insoslayables para analizar la conformación del incipiente campo literario y el mercado de producción y consumo masivos de literatura, en la Argentina del 80.1 Muchas de estas aproximaciones, aunque detentan intereses diversos -asociados, entre otros, a la historia de la literatura argentina, el estudio de la cultura de masas, la conformación de los imaginarios sociales, el proceso de invención de los rasgos nacionales- parten o aluden tangencialmente a una problemática decisiva en los textos de Gutiérrez -e indirectamente determinante en los análisis que estas perspectivas ponen en juego-, me refiero a la asunción institucionalizada de la categoría genérica “novela gauchesca”.2Pensar en la posible organización de un estudio de la producción del autor, mediante la utilización de una “despejada” acepción de la categoría “novela gauchesca”, puede resultar sumamente útil puesto que permitiría revisar una gama de problemáticas imbricadas (discursivas, culturales e históricas) que acompañaron a los textos de Gutiérrez; al tiempo que validaría una noción dinámica del género como una construcción histórica inestable, con vinculaciones e incidencias recíprocas con las variables y las mediaciones socioculturales de cada contexto. Antes que aportarconclusiones, nuestro trabajo se propone encarar dicha reconsideración del género “novela gauchesca” y bosquejar su potencial productividad como categoría de análisis central, en otros futuros trabajos de investigación con intereses más específicos.
Interdependências entre educação, ética e cidadania para uma formação emancipadora e libertadora
Authors: Ahlert Alvori
Published: December 2022

The present text defends the interdependence of education, ethics andcitizenship. Each belongs to the rest as they are the three dimensionsof the human being, each interdependent in the search foremancipation and freedom. This text is about the discussion of anethics of the human being which seeks the defense of life and theproduction of actions and policies opposed to the ethics of themarketplace, as well as a citizenship which is not fulfilled by means ofdecree but expresses an active participation capable of leadingeducation to confront actual social, political and economic realitieswhich demand justice and political, social and economic equality. Inthis way, ethics and citizenship find their privileged place in education.An education which constitutes itself in ethical and political actionthrough active citizenship where all are responsible for all.
Los desvíos de Calibán
Authors: Maccioni Laura
Published: December 2022

During the 1960s and ’70s, the pressure of politics over culturalpractices had crucial effects on literature. One of them was the rereadingof foundational texts that had, historically, provided themetaphors to interpret the past, and, consequently, the meaning of thepresent. The colonial allegory displayed by Shakespeare’s TheTempest was one of these texts. In 1972, Roberto Fernández Retamarrecovered the opposite pair of Calibán and Próspero in his essayCalibán. However, contrary to Rodo’s Ariel reading of the drama,Retamar made Calibán a symbol of the imminent emancipation of thecontinent. Nonetheless, in this (in) version of Shakespeare’s story,Calibán also remained a slave, as he was perpetually committed todemonstrate the Truth of an essential entity, the People of LatinAmerica. This paper discusses some other ways of imaginingCaliban’s emancipation. I will focus on Reinaldo Arena’s re-writing ofemancipation in “El Central” and the short story “El reino deAlipio”.
Memories, Identity, and Indigenous/National Subjectivity in Eastern Peru
Authors: Veber Hanne
Published: December 2022

In Latin America the forging of national identities has beenproblematic, especially in countries where large indigenouspopulations have remained marginalized through colonial ideologiesof exclusion. This is changing, however, as processes ofglobalization are reshuffling old orders and indigenous peoplebecome active participants in new social movements of their ownmaking. Founded on shared experience and emergent feelings ofsolidarity, a new political body is created, defined by indigeneity andshared interests vis-à-vis the state. Based on autobiographicalnarratives from Asháninka leaders in the central Amazon of Peru,the paper looks at the memory-identity nexus and the way it isreflexively tied to the process of forging new political subjectivity asAsháninka and Peruvian citizens. Even if indissolubly linked with averifiable past, Asháninka memories are also the products ofsignifying processes associated with the present, with hopes anddreams, and with the production of meaning in the context of decolonization.
La reemergencia del discurso nacional-popular en la nueva izquierda latinoamericana
Authors: Cancino Hugo
Published: December 2022

In this article we analyse the reemergence of the nationaldiscourse and popular. The national-popular movements that are arecurrent phenomenon in the history of Latin America.Revolutions and the most significant social movements of thetwentieth century were popular and national movements. In ourview the national and popular movements that lead Hugo Chavesand Evo Morales represent a new left compared to of thetraditional left and the renewed call left. These movements, thepeople built as historical subject and fight for the construction ofnew State, by a radical democracy, which replaced the State andNational Creole oligarchy that excluded indigenous and mestizoof power and wealth.
El deseo de desarrollo
Authors: García Mario Alberto Velázquez
Published: December 2022

The paper analyzes a social movement in Hermosillo, Mexicoagainst the destruction of a public park. The central objective is toshow the importance of the cultural and political environment forthe development of collective actions as well as the difficultiesfacing all civilian groups in Mexico that seeks to reverse a publicpolicy through non-violent means. The article suggests that thevariation of the following elements of the political opportunitieswere determinant: 1) the consequences for social mobilization wasthe existence of a coalition between the government and publicenterprises; 2) the existence or absence of institutional channels ofparticipation in decision making about the use of public space; 3)the use of forms of repression towards the demonstrators; 4) theinterest that a society has for certain social movements. The case isrepresentative of the conflicts still present in the relationship thatsome Mexicans state or municipal governments have with civilgroups.
La cultura en la enseñanza de español LE
Authors: Pozzo Maria Isabel , Fernández Susana S.
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, it is generally accepted that no foreign languageteaching programme can do without a cultural component.Nevertheless, what we understand by culture and the way it istreated in class and in the teaching material can vary greatly. Inthis article we explore the cultural component in the teaching ofSpanish as a foreign language in two quite dissimilar contexts,Argentina and Denmark. We focus on the most usedcoursebooks and compare them to the guidelines established bythe local institutional contexts. Two main points of discussionare the treatment of the intercultural ideal and the distributionof Iberic and Latin American elements.
Position Paper: Escaping Academic Cloudification to Preserve Academic Freedom
Authors: Fiebig Tobias , Gürses Seda , Lindorfer Martina
Published: December 2022

Especially since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of cloud-based tools and solutions - lead by the ‘Zoomification’ of education, has picked up attention in the EdTech and privacy communities. In this paper, we take a look at the progressing use of cloud-based educational tools, often controlled by only a handful of major corporations. We analyse how this ‘cloudification’ impacts academics’ and students’ privacy and how it influences the handling of privacy by universities and higher education institutions. Furthermore, we take a critical perspective on how this cloudification may not only threaten users’ privacy, but ultimately may also compromise core values like academic freedom: the dependency relationships between universities and corporations could impact curricula, while also threatening what research can be conducted. Finally, we take a perspective on universities’ cloudification in different western regions to identify policy mechanisms and recommendations that can enable universities to preserve their academic independence, without compromising on digitalization and functionality.
Sharia and the Scandinavian Welfare States
Authors: Vinding Niels Valdemar
Published: December 2022

Introduction to the special issue, Sharia and the Scandinavian Welfare States
Regulations in flux
Authors: Elgvin Olav
Published: December 2022

When it comes to sharia regulations – or the question of Islamic norms more broadly – there are few areas which are of more direct relevance for the daily life of Muslims than the question of what to eat. For meat to be halal, several Islamic theologians have claimed that animals must be conscious at the time of slaughter. This method of slaughter, however, is not allowed under the laws of Norway, which require animals to be stunned before they can be killed. This creates a dilemma for Muslims who wish to live in accordance with Islamic norms. Is it permissible to eat meat which is not slaughtered according to strict interpretations of Islamic law? Various answers have been given, both in Norway and elsewhere. This article describes for the first time the history of the halal debate among Muslims in Norway. I show that the content of halal regulations in the country has been influenced by theology but also by politics, in various bids for influence and status. The approach of the Islamic Council of Norway, the principal organization dictating halal regulations, has shifted no less than four times: from acceptance of stunning, to skepticism, to acceptance, to skepticism, and finally to renewed acceptance. Theological concerns among Muslims have played a role in this process, but social context and politics have been just as important. The debate over the regulation of halal slaughter may provide a window onto broader debates on how Muslim communities adapt Islamic norms to life in societies in which the ethical norms of non-Muslim majorities are often dominant.
Milchbot: App to Support the Process of Feeding and Caring for Dairy Cows in Peru
Authors: Herrera Kevin , Miranda Juan , Mauricio David
Published: December 2022

At present, Peru's agricultural sector has a shortfall of professionals, so livestock producers cannot be provided with relevant and reliable information to ensure good nutrition and care for dairy cows, which affects productivity. Milchbot is a chatbot that answers queries about the feeding and care of dairy cows based on reliable documentation. To do so, a chatbot model was designed to cover the topics of feeding, care, news and frequently asked questions for the planning, feeding and care processes about dairy cows. The model consists of a friendly interface, a dialog engine and a search engine that allows you to find and provide information from a document storage. This model was implemented employing Watson Assistant and Discovery. Milchbot was used and evaluated by 6 livestock producers and 7 zootechnicians. The results of the usability and satisfaction surveys show a high rating for both livestock producers and zootechnicians, and it should be noted that zootechnicians gave very high ratings on satisfaction.
Effects of Land Quality on Land Use: Farm-level Panel-data Evidence from Viet Nam
Authors: Ngo Thanh Quang , Luu Khai Duc , Nguyen Danh Ngọc , Bui Thanh Xuan , Van Sang Nguyen , Nguyen Ky Tran
Published: December 2022

The sustainable livelihoods framework (SLF) is a comprehensive way to study agricultural issues. So far, to our best knowledge, no study has applied the SLF to examine the influence of land quality on land use intensively. The current research examines the effects of land quality on farmers’ decision-making on land use in Vietnam by modifying the sustainable livelihoods framework and using the fixed effects regression model. The method controlled the household and commune-level unobserved invariant characteristics and resulted in more robust estimates than pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation. The sample is a five-wave panel dataset of 2008-2016 with 1,534 farm households. The results reveal that land quality affects land-use choices through several aspects of land quality. More specifically, regarding topography, plot fertility level, plot locations, and soil and water conservation, results show that their effects reflect the cultivating practices for each land-use type in the sample. Findings also show that the irrigation system positively affects rice production in Vietnam. Policymakers should consider various aspects of land quality when designing policies and programs relating to land use, irrigation distribution, and especially the master plan for agricultural production and rural development. Flexible guidance for land uses of each type is closely connected with land quality in each region that may be most suitable for sustainable agriculture development.
The Impact of ICT on Rural Livelihood of Farmers in West Bengal, India
Authors: Sarkar Kalyan , Deb Sujit , Hazari Sujoy
Published: December 2022

Agriculture is a major contributor to West Bengal's economy, as the state's manufacturing sector is constrained by topographical constraints. As a result of the foregoing background, this study aims to investigate the effect of ICT on farmers' livelihoods in West Bengal.Primary data collection is done from the rural farmers in West Bengal, based on a pre-defined questionnaire.Data analysis is done via Cronbach’s Alpha, factor analysis linear regression. Taking into consideration of 95% confidence level and 5% confidence interval, total sample size of 381 have been determined. All the five dimensions of livelihood -Financial Capital (FC), Human Capital (HC), Physical Capital (PC), Social Capital (SC) and Natural Capital (NC), have been considered in the present study.Based on the analysis it is found that ICT has a positive impact on all the five tenets of livelihood in the district of PurbaMedinipur, West Bengal.
Remarks on the problem of Sense in a pragmatic reading
Authors: Vollet Lucas Ribeiro
Published: December 2022

The division of the problems about Meaning in an extensional and an intensional theory was accused of unnecessarily duplicating the theoretical problems involved in the knowledge of Meaning. The result was either 1. an aggressive rejection of the intensional part of the problem or 2. the adoption of non-classical semantics to account for intensions. This paper suggests a reading of Frege's theory of Meaning that preserves the contribution of the intensional aspect of the question without sacrificing the benefits of the classical insights. For this, however, we need to expand his theory to cases of semantic values which are not directly assertive, that is, what Micheal Dummett called ingredient value. This solution preserves the direct and intuitive insights of classical semantics, expanding it to cases where the designation of truth or falsehood does not have a unified interpretation: speculative, modal, ambiguous, relative cases or cases in which theories disputing Meaning is not straightforwardly mapped to the truth or the not-truth. The paper is a contribution to support the pragmatic interpretation of Frege's legacy by Micheal Dummett.
Aux origines du « marxisme à la française » : réception et évolution du projet d’A la lumière du marxisme
Authors: Carlino Fabrizio
Published: December 2022

Cet article vise à présenter les résultats d'une recherche portant sur la réception des premières études françaises sur le matérialisme dialectique, publiées en 1935 dans le recueil intitulé A la lumière du marxisme. L'analyse des nombreux compte-rendus et la reconstruction du débat autour de ce volume, à travers lequel est introduit en France le marxisme en tant que philosophie, jette une lumière nouvelle sur la genèse du "rationalisme moderne", dont se réclame, lors de sa fondation en 1939, la revue liée au Pcf, La Pensée. On découvre ainsi que l'image figée du marxisme à la française, fondé sur la reprise de la tradition nationale matérialiste et rationaliste, telle qu'elle sera transmise à partir de l'après-guerre, est le résultat d'une lutte idéologique dans laquelle des positions différentes s'étaient affrontées. En effet, au début de la décennie les intellectuels réunis autour de la Commission scientifiques du Cercle de la Russie neuve avaient essayé d'envisager le marxisme principalement comme une méthodologie vivante pour l'avancement des sciences, y compris de la nature, et que dans cette appropriation épistémologique de la dialectique matérialiste la référence à Hegel y joue un rôle crucial pour l'appropriation et l'introduction de la philosophie de Marx dans le milieu académique. Cependant, à travers les recensions qui ont été faites de leurs premiers essaies, différentes pressions sont exercées, provenant principalement des instances de contrôle soviétiques, pour que l'étude de la "source française" du marxisme remplace la "source allemande". Malgré leur résistance initiale, dont témoignent les débats qui s'ensuivent, les "néo-marxistes" finissent par suivre ces invitations à abandonner la voie hégélienne à la dialectique matérialiste pour tracer une ligne nationale qui de Descartes mènerait jusqu'à Staline.

Mots-clés: Marxisme. Matérialisme dialectique. Rationalisme moderne. Louis Althusser. Epistémologie marxiste.
PHILOSOPHICAL WISDOM AND BIOETHICAL EXPERTISE: A WITTGENSTEINIAN APPROACH
Authors: Dall'Agnol Darlei
Published: December 2022

This paper explores the interconnections between philosophical wisdom and bioethical expertise, arguing that the latter can be enlightened by the former. First, it analyses the arguments of those who think that philosophy has nothing to say to bioethics, and afterwards, it shows that philosophical wisdom has an irreducible ethical component, which in turn helps bioethics to reach its aims. Thus, this paper shows that some Wittgensteinian commentators (e.g., Paul Johnston) did not grasp the contributions the author of the Tractatus Logico-philosophicus and even his later work made to ethics (and potentially to bioethics as a subfield) as an autonomous domain of investigation independent of logic, the empirical sciences, and metaphysics.
Wittgenstein and the sciences
Authors: Peruzzo Júnior Léo
Published: December 2022

In the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, Wittgenstein states that man has the ability to construct languages with which all meanings may be expressed, but that it is humanly impossible to immediately extract its logic from it. Thus, language is a costume that disguises thought while proposition is a figuration of reality. This paper is aimed at showing how the position of the Tractatus in relation to sciences puts aside the idea that scientific knowledge should be rooted in raw data, that is, observations that may be made regardless of any theoretical orientation. Accordingly, this study claims that the Tractarian position does not admit the presumption that behind raw data there is a reality that is independent of the observer, considering that, as stated by Wittgenstein, the limits of language indicate the limits of the world, and not the other way around.
“The Riddle does not exist”. On proposition 6.5 of the Tractatus logico-philosophicus
Authors: Perissinotto Luigi
Published: December 2022

The essay has as its main theme proposition 6.5 of Wittgenstein’s Tractatus logico-philosophicus and, in particular, its second paragraph "The riddle does not exist".  In the first section, the notion of riddle is compared with that of problem, emphasising, among other things, the great relevance that, for Wittgenstein, the distinction between problems of philosophy and problems of natural science has; in the second, an attempt is made to clarify the meaning that Wittgenstein assigns to the word “riddle”: a riddle would be a question “in the void”, without any “direction”, that is, so to speak, a question that does not know what it is asking. This means that, even if it presents itself as a question, the riddle is a non-question. The third section highlights how the denial that there is the enigma is complementary to the denial, so characteristic of the Tractatus, that there are a priori true thoughts or propositions.
Editorial
Authors: Peruzzo Júnior Léo , De Oliveira Jelson Roberto , Valverde Antonio
Published: December 2022

Não se aplica.