bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Impact on Substance Use (Tobacco, Alcohol, Cannabis) and Stress in Medical Students
Authors: Muselli Mario , Tobia Loreta , Cimino Eleonora , Confalone Carlo , Mancinelli Martina , Fabiani Leila , Necozione Stefano , Cofini Vincenza
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to unprecedented challenges globally, impacting various aspects of daily life, including education. This study examines the effects of the pandemic on stress levels and substance use among Italian medical students. Two independent surveys were conducted: 388 medical students were interviewed before the epidemic, and 222 medical students a year after the COVID-19 epidemic began. Results revealed significant changes in stress levels, with a reduction in mild stress and an increase in severe stress during the post-pandemic period, rising from 23% (95% CI: 19%-28%) to 46% (95% CI: 39%-52%). While tobacco smoking prevalence remained stable (25% vs 27%), the proportion of students exhibiting high levels of nicotine dependence increased (3.64%) compared to the period before the pandemic (1.80%). Alcohol consumption rates remained consistent (66%), with no significant differences in the distribution of risky alcohol consumption between the two periods (p = 0.535). Surprisingly, there was a significant decrease in cannabis use post-pandemic (16% vs 6%), though problematic use among users persisted (49% vs 46%). Multivariable analysis confirmed associations between stress and tobacco smoking (AdjOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.11-3.53; p = 0.020), as well as alcohol consumption (AdjOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.01-2.89; p = 0.047). Furthermore, male students were more likely to engage in alcohol (AdjOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.47-3.19; p < 0.001) and cannabis use (AdjOR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.07-3.00; p = 0.027). The study highlighted the complex interplay between stress and substance use among medical students, underscoring the importance of targeted interventions to address stress-related substance use and support the well-being of medical students, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research should explore longitudinal trends and the effectiveness of interventions in mitigating stress-related substance use among this vulnerable population.
Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Anaya-Fernández Roberto , Anaya-Prado Roberto , Anaya-Fernandez Michelle M. , Guerrero-Palomera Miguel A. , Garcia-Ramirez Ivan F. , Gonzalez-Martinez Daniel , Azcona-Ramirez Consuelo C. , Guerrero-Palomera Citlalli S. , Garcia-Perez Claudia , Tenorio-Gonzalez Bernardo , Tenorio-Gonzalez Jose E. , Vargas-Ascencio Laisha F. , Canseco-Villegas Abraham I. , Servin-Romero Gustavo , Barragan-Arias Allen R. , Reyna-Rodriguez Bruno
Published: August 2024

Oxidative stress in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) involves reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS). Despite efficient antioxidant pathways in the brain, hypoxia triggers the production of oxygen free radicals and downregulates ATP, which leads to oxidative stress. Sources of free radicals during CIRI include Ca2+-dependent enzymes, phospholipid degradation and mitochondrial enlargement. Upon reperfusion, the abrupt increase of oxygen triggers a massive radical production via enzymes like xantin oxidase (XO), phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and oxide synthases (OS). These enzymes play an essential role in neuronal damage by excitotoxicity, lipoperoxidation, nitrosylation, inflammation and programmed cell death (PCD). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) decreases as compared to neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). This is associated with neuronal damage, endothelial inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Strategies promoting activation of eNOS while inhibiting nNOS could offer neuroprotective benefits in CIRI. Understanding and targeting these pathways could mitigate brain damage in ischemia/reperfusion events. Clinically, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) has been shown to restore cerebral blood flow. However, serious side effects have been described, including hemorrhagic transformation. Different treatments are currently under investigation to avoid I/R injury. Baicalin has been reported as a potential agent that could improve t-PA adverse effects, which have to do with peroxynitrite synthesis and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. In this review, CIRI and interventions in oxidative stress are addressed. Special attention is paid to efficient antioxidant mechanisms in the brain and the production of free radicals, especially nNOS-derived nitric oxide (NO). The primary purpose is to describe accessible radical pathways with the activity of Ca2+-dependent oxidative enzymes, leading to membrane phospholipids and mitochondrial breakdown. KeywordsOxidative stress; cerebral ischemia/reperfusion; nitric oxide; reactive oxygen species; nitric oxide synthase
Impact of Weekly Community-Based Dance Training Over 8 Months on Depression and Blood Oxygen Level–Dependent Signals in the Subcallosal Cingulate Gyrus for People With Parkinson Disease: Observational Study
Authors: Bearss Karolina A , Barnstaple Rebecca E , Bar Rachel J , DeSouza Joseph F X
Published: August 2024

Background

Dance has emerged as a complementary treatment that may promote adaptive neural plasticity while improving symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD), such as balance, gait, posture, and walking. Understanding brain changes that arise from participation in dance interventions is important as these neural plastic changes play an important role in protecting and healing the brain. Although dance has been shown to improve PD motor and nonmotor symptoms, the neural mechanisms underlying these changes, specifically depression and mood, remain elusive. Further, many side effects of PD drug treatments can be exacerbated or even induced by dopaminergic drugs, particularly depression and anxiety, making these nonmotor symptoms more noticeable throughout the progression of the disease.

Objective

In this study, we focused on the impact of dance interventions on PD nonmotor symptoms by conducting an 8-month observational study, tracking the relationship between depression scores and functional neuroimaging measures for people with PD.

Methods

A total of 34 dancers—23 (68%) people with PD and 11 (32%) healthy controls—completed the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) before and after attending weekly community-based dance classes, referred to as Dance for PD classes. Specifically, we examined changes within the functional magnetic resonance imaging signal from the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), an important node within the depression network and a controversial target for deep brain stimulation in the treatment of major depressive disorder.

Results

Depression scores on the GDS decreased in each preintervention to postintervention comparison (all P<.025). In addition, GDS scores also improved over the 8-month dance period (all P<.01). Blood oxygen level–dependent signals from frontal cortex brain region implicated for emotional regulation within the SCG decreased at each testing time point (all P<.05). Also, a significant decrease in depression scores (GDS) was correlated with reduced blood oxygen level–dependent signals from the SCG (P=.02).

Conclusions

This study contributes to an improved understanding of the neural mechanisms that are involved in depression, as well as the beneficial contribution that longitudinal dance interventions have in reducing nonmotor symptoms associated with PD, particularly in depression symptoms.
Perspectives of Children and Adolescents on Engaging With a Web-Based Mental Health Program: Focus Group Study
Authors: Cahill Christopher , Connolly Jennifer , Appleton Shelley , White Melanie Jade
Published: August 2024

Background

Despite accessibility and clinical benefits, open access trials of self-guided digital health interventions (DHIs) for young people have been plagued by high drop-out rates, with some DHIs recording completion rates of less than 3%.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore how young people motivate themselves to complete an unpleasant task and to explore perceived motivators and demotivators for engaging with a DHI.

Methods

In this qualitative research study, 30 children and adolescents aged between 7 and 17 years were recruited to participate in 7 focus groups conducted over a 3-month period. Focus group activities and discussions explored sources of motivation to complete tasks and engage in a hypothetical 6-week DHI for anxiety.

Results

Children (aged 7-11 years) reported greater reliance on external motivators such as following parent instruction to complete unpleasant tasks, while adolescents (aged 12-17 years) reported greater internal motivation such as self-discipline. Program factors, such as engaging content, were the most commonly mentioned motivators for engaging with a DHI across both age groups. After that, internal sources of motivation were most commonly mentioned, such as perceived future benefits. External factors were the most commonly mentioned demotivators across all ages, with time commitment being the most frequently mentioned.

Conclusions

The study’s findings have implications for enhancing adherence in future DHIs targeted to children and adolescents. Recommendations include the need for supportive parental involvement for children, while adolescents would likely benefit from mechanisms that promote autonomy, establish a supportive environment, and align with personal interests and values. Belief that a DHI will provide short-term benefits is important to both children and adolescents, as well as having confidence that future benefits will be realized.
Efficacy and Safety of Ritlecitinib in Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Alhaj Shaikha Salah , AlFalasi Amani , Ahmed Mohamed , Allami Sajad
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune illness with an underlying immuno-inflammatory etiology. It is characterized by nonscarring hair loss of the scalp, face, and/or body. Ritlecitinib is an orally administered drug that inhibits Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3) and the TEC kinase family, which are tyrosine kinases expressed in hepatocellular cancer and has been under investigation for the treatment of alopecia areata.

OBJECTIVE

Our meta-analysis is the first of its kind to synthesize the available literature on the topic, thereby studying the efficacy of Ritlecitinib in AA.

METHODS

A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus to find relevant literature. RevMan 5.4 was used to perform statistical analysis. A random effects model was used to report the pooled Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score. Risk Ratios along with their 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs), were reported for the outcomes. This review is registered with PROSPERO under the identifier: CRD42024539926.

RESULTS

A total of 4 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis, including 411 patients. The mean age of patients in studies ranged from 14 to 43 years. The total number of patients who received Ritlecitinib was 205. All the included studies had a low risk of bias. Two trials, which reported responses of the reduction in SALT scores from baseline least square mean difference from placebo, were included in our review. The summary Mean Difference (MD) for the ritlecitinib versus placebo group was 30.58 (P < 0.00001). Other outcomes that were reported by our included studies were people who had <10 SALT scores and people who had <20 SALT scores. The pooled RR of patients who experienced adverse events was 1.27 (95% CI: 0.81 - 1.99, P = 0.30).

CONCLUSIONS

To sum up, ritlecitinib is a potentially effective treatment for Alopecia Areata that focuses on the complex pathophysiology of this somewhat debilitating illness. However, there still needs to be more research regarding ritlecitinib's full potential, which needs to be investigated with the aid of clinical and translational studies.
Public Acceptance Regarding Photovoltaic Solar in Myanmar Using the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Thant Naing M. , Swe Mar S. , Htet Kyaw W. W. , R. Dare
Published: August 2024

This study investigates public acceptance of photovoltaic (PV) solar energy in Myanmar using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), focusing on various demographic groups in 2023. The 337 respondents across different regions provided a comprehensive overview of public attitudes. The survey examined subjective norms, attitudes, perceived behavioral control, willingness to pay, and intention to adopt (PV) solar technology. Results indicated a high level of awareness, with 98% familiar with (PV) solar and 95% knowledgeable about its panels. However, adoption rates were low at 20%. Subjective norms positively influenced attitudes, as 81% observed their social circles using (PV) solar and 80% found it convenient. Environmental concerns were minimal, with 75% not worried about (PV) Solar’s impact and 85% recognizing its carbon reduction benefits. The initial cost was a significant barrier, with 80% finding it too expensive, despite 96% believing in future cost savings. Perceptions of self-efficacy showed strong support for (PV) solar as a solution for electricity demand (90%) and interest in rooftop solar panels (87%). From an aesthetic perspective, only 14% described solar panels as unattractive. The study recommends financial incentives, education campaigns, and improved (PV) solar access, with government and stakeholder support to boost acceptance and adoption in Myanmar.
Detection of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Components from Crude Extracts of Hibiscus Arnottianus A. Gray flowers using HPTLC-Bioautographic Technique
Authors: Zinje Sangeeta S. , Yamgar Dr. Ramesh S.
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Hibiscus arnottianus belonging to family, malvaceae, is a herb used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation and renal diseases. Methanolic extract of Hibiscus arnottianus flower was fractionated using different solvents of increasing polarity like petroleum ether, ethylacetate, methanol and water. The preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, steroids, flavonoids, tannin. Methanolic extract of hibiscus arnottianus flower was screened for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The test microorganisms includ Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It was concluded that Hibiscus arnottianus flowers extract was well effective against all these microorganisms. HPTLC-DPPH assays were used to identify the antioxidant activity of flower extract. This activity was estimated by HPTLC bioautographic method by using the mobile phase Chloroform:Ethyl Acetate:Methanol:Water (2.8:5.2:1.6:0.4 v/v/v/v). There was a successful chromatogram developed and detection of a band in the sample was observed. Later, the band showing antioxidant characteristic property was identified by DPPH Assay.
Different Activities of Mulberry: A Review
Authors: Patole Saurabh A. , Bankar Aniket A. , Gaikwad Dr. Pandurang M. , Pagar Prof. Hemant J.
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Since ancient times, people have been aware of the benefits of using plants for the essential needs of healthy and beautiful skin. Cosmetics are products used to cleanse, beautify, and promote an attractive appearance. Cosmetics that incorporate natural sources such as herbs have been proven to be very effective in addressing the specific needs of different skin types. The objective this work is to formulate and evaluate a Herbal face pack for cosmetic purpose from Herbal ingredients. Multani mitti, Neem
Study of Crystallography and Reciprocal Space of Higher Oxides of Lanthanides Using Electron and Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Maurya M. K.
Published: August 2024

Abstract: This study explains uses electron and neutron diffraction techniques to study the crystallography and reciprocal space of higher oxides of lanthanides. The significance of crystallography in comprehending the geometric configuration and bonding of atoms in solids is discussed at the outset of the study. The comprehensive analysis of the crystal structures using accelerated electrons and neutrons highlights the tremendous penetration power of these particles. While neutron diffraction is concerned with plane incidence waves and their scattered counterparts, electron diffraction is concerned with electron generation pulsed by a laser.Important findings show how experimental data may be used to validate Bragg's equation and show how scattering angles, interplanar distance, and order of wavelength are related. To display the relationship between electron energy and electron radiation per electron volt, energy distribution curves are displayed. Additionally, several crystal systems, such as hexagonal, monoclinic, and cubic face-centered structures, are revealed by structural investigation of higher oxides of lanthanides, such as terbium dioxide (Tb2O3).The talk emphasizes how, in contrast to other elements in the series, lanthanides have special qualities that enable them to produce higher oxides with oxidation states greater than +3. The outcomes highlights the improved precision and in-depth structural insights that come from combining electron and neutron diffraction methods. This opens the door for more studies in the crystallography of complicated materials in the future.
THE EFFECT OF CHEMICAL ACTIVATION AGENTS AND ACTIVATION TEMPERATURE ON THE PORE STRUCTURE OF RICE HUSK-DERIVED ACTIVATED CARBON
Authors: Saputra Dendi Adi , Pratoto Adjar , Rahman Muhammad Fadhil , Kodama Akio
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the optimization of production parameters for rice husk-derived activated carbon, aiming for its effective application in direct air capture (DAC) technology. Various chemical activation agents (potassium hydroxide [KOH], urea, and their combination) and activation temperatures (600°C, 700°C, and 800°C) were explored using pyrolysis. The resulting activated carbon's morphology was analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ImageJ. Results demonstrate that both activation agent choice and temperature significantly influence pore diameter size and quantity. Increased temperatures led to smaller pore diameters and higher pore quantities. The combination of KOH and urea at 800°C produced the most favorable particle size (0.811 μm), suitable for applications requiring a well-defined pore structure. This combination also exhibited the most even pore distribution and highest pore density. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the production of rice husk-derived activated carbon, aiding in the development of sustainable and effective sorbents for CO₂ capture in DAC technology. Additionally, they offer potential for broader applications of husk-activated carbon in various industrial and environmental fields.
ARTICLE ABOUT PLATONOV IN THE FIRST SOVIET “LITERARY ENCYCLOPEDIA”: TEXT EDITIONS
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Klementiev Ruslan E.
Published: August 2024

The publication is devoted to the history of the text of the article about A. Platonov in the first Soviet literary encyclopedia (vol. 8, 1934). Research of archival materials allows us to distinguish three editions of the text: the author’s (N. Gnedina), editorial, and printed ones.
At the Knot of Presence: Weaving with the embodied knowledge of my artistic palette in Liza Lim's One and the Other (Speculative Polskas for Karin)
Authors: Karin Emilia Hellqvist
Published: August 2024

This artistic research exposition unfolds the shared work between Australian composer Liza Lim and Swedish violinist Karin Hellqvist, from the viewpoint of Hellqvist as performer and co-creator. Together, the artists have created the violin solo work One and the Other (Speculative Polskas for Karin) (2021–22). The Swedish folk music tradition that Hellqvist has carried with her since her childhood, and especially the polska dance, serves as their point of departure. This tradition resides in Hellqvist’s body and performance practice as embodied knowledge – a term introduced by Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1962), and it becomes their main path of research. A central concept in the reflections is the ‘artistic palette’ – a concept created by Hellqvist to conceptualise the skills and abilities used in creative work. Hellqvist’s embodied knowledge connected to the tradition is woven into the work through explorations of elements as the specific pulse of the polska and its ornamentation. Furthermore, those embodied skills are explored as decoupled in the third movement, capturing indeterminate aspects. The main question addressed is how the embodied knowledge of Hellqvist’s artistic palette serves as resource and inspiration in the shared process and how it affects the ontology of One and the Other (Speculative Polskas for Karin).

Topics of distributed creativity, shared work as mycelial structure, instrument-building, ownership, and temporal ecology are being unpacked in the light of the artistic palette. The artistic research exposition unfolds a compositional process whereby the performer is participating actively, thus problematising the view of where creativity may be located in compositional work. It comprises written reflections, audio examples, pictures, and video material from the creative process as well as a video of the whole work. The research context comprises historical and aesthetic perspectives, as well as recent research on performer creativity and embodiment.

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Transcatheter prosthetic valve endocarditis of an aortic valve-in-valve bioprosthesis in an elderly male
Authors:   Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA, Bellur Shreyas , Gallo Michele ,   Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA, Ganzel Brian ,   Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
Published: August 2024

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is the percutaneous alternative to traditional surgery. Infective endocarditis is a fatal complication of TAVR, especially in the elderly. A 65-year-old male with a history of valve-in-valve TAVR presented to our emergency room with altered mentation. On examination, he was febrile. Laboratory investigations and echocardiography suggested infective endocarditis. Explantation and surgical aortic valve replacement were planned. The biopsy of the prostheses showed acute inflammation. Transcatheter prosthetic valve endocarditis warrants early diagnosis, particularly in the elderly. Our case emphasizes the importance of the prompt inclusion of endocarditis in the differential and surgical referral.
An unusual variant of Type I common bile duct duplication associated with ampullary carcinoma
Authors:   Department of Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK, Bancu Andrei , Poundall Thomas ,   Department of Clinical Radiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK, Santos Claudia ,   Department of Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
Published: August 2024

Common bile duct duplications represent exceptionally rare congenital anomalies of the biliary tract. In this case report we document an unusual variant of common bile duct duplication in a 79-year-old man who underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy for ampullary cancer. The duplication consisted of two unseparated, completely-layered, common bile ducts which originated above the cystic duct junction and terminated prior to the point of insertion into the pancreas, where the two lumens converged into a single duct. Duplication of the bile duct is rare and often goes undetected. In the present case, the anomaly was found incidentally in a patient who had a pancreaticoduodenectomy for an ampullary carcinoma. However, duplication may be associated with choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, and pancreaticobiliary malignancies and it is important to be aware of the condition.
Ocrelizumab-induced organizing pneumonia in multiple sclerosis: case report and literature review
Authors:   Mather Hospital, Northwell Health, Port Jefferson, New York, USA, Usman Shaheryar , Cheema Muhammad ,   Mather Hospital, Northwell Health, Port Jefferson, New York, USA, Ghuman Zoha ,   Mather Hospital, Northwell Health, Port Jefferson, New York, USA
Published: August 2024

Patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis should be offered disease-modifying therapies as part of their management. Recommended options include integrin antagonist therapy including natalizumab as well as anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies like, ocrelizumab, rituximab, ofatumumab, ublituximab. These therapies reduce relapse rates and slow brain lesion accumulation. Disease-modifying therapies selection may depend on patient preferences, potential fetal harm, and specific drug risks, requiring continuous monitoring via tracking clinical relapses and new MRI brain lesions. Natalizumab carries a risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, particularly in anti-JCV antibody-positive patients, necessitating regular monitoring. Ocrelizumab, rituximab, and ublituximab are associated with an increased risk of infections (especially respiratory and skin infections), infusion reactions, and hypogammaglobulinemia. Ocrelizumab additionally poses a heightened risk of immune-mediated colitis and breast cancer, and it is contraindicated for patients with active hepatitis B due to the risk of viral reactivation. Ublituximab has been noted to be linked to potential fetal harm. We report the case of a 42-year-old male with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis on ocrelizumab who developed persistent fever and shortness of breath, two weeks after his last ocrelizumab dose. Despite antibiotic treatment for suspected pneumonia, his symptoms persisted. A chest CT scan revealed multifocal ground-glass opacities suggestive of organizing pneumonia, likely secondary to ocrelizumab. The patient’s condition improved with high-dose corticosteroids, underscoring the importance of vigilance for extremely rare ocrelizumab-associated pulmonary side effects and the need for prompt, appropriate intervention.
Associations of High BMI and Excessive Gestational Weight Gain With Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Atta Nooria , Ezeoke Anuli , Petry Clive J. , Kusinski Laura C. , Meek Claire L.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

The increased risk of pregnancy complications in type 1 diabetes is mainly attributed to maternal hyperglycemia. However, it is unclear whether other potentially modifiable factors also contribute to risk in this population.

PURPOSE

We sought to assess whether high BMI and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with perinatal complications in type 1 diabetes.

DATA SOURCES

We searched Medline, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases to January 2024.

STUDY SELECTION

Studies examining associations between periconception BMI or GWG and perinatal complications in type 1 diabetes were included.

DATA EXTRACTION

We used a predesigned data extraction template to extract study data including year, country, sample size, participants’ characteristics, exposure, and outcomes.

DATA SYNTHESIS

We included 29 studies (18,965 pregnancies; 1978–2019) in the meta-analysis. A 1 kg/m2/1 kg increase in preconception BMI or GWG was associated with a 3% and 11% increase, respectively, in perinatal complications (BMI odds ratio [OR] 1.03 [95% CI 1.01–1.06]; GWG OR 1.11 [95% CI 1.04–1.18]). Preconception BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 or excessive GWG was associated with a 22% and 50% increase, respectively, in perinatal complications (BMI OR 1.22 [95% CI 1.11–1.34]; GWG OR 1.50 [95% CI 1.31–1.73]). BMI was associated with congenital malformation, preeclampsia, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. Excessive GWG was associated with preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, large for gestational age, and macrosomia.

LIMITATIONS

Limitations included retrospective study design, variable measurement for exposures and outcomes, small number of studies for some outcomes, and no data from Asia and Africa.

CONCLUSIONS

Addressing maternal BMI prepregnancy and preventing excessive GWG should be key clinical priorities to improve outcomes in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes.
Developing a Community of Practice through Social Media to Facilitate Continuing Education of Medical Practitioners in Medical Research
Authors: Fauzia Lathifa , Pramudita Arcita Hanjani , Adhyatma Galih Prakasa , Hartono Andyta Nalaresi , Eryani Ika Septiana , Isma Talita Zata
Published: August 2024

The emergence of COVID-19 has highlighted the significance of research in medical practice, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Indonesia, where healthcare challenges are prominent. Therefore, this study introduces Arcandcoresearch, a non-institutional-based virtual Community of Practice (vCoP), aiming to address the research capacity gaps among medical practitioners. This study aimed to understand the possibility of using several social media platforms (Instagram, YouTube, and WhatsApp) in the vCoP for continuing medical education of general practitioners regarding medical research. Through Instagram, the project has gained substantial follower growth (1003 followers within 19 months); most were 25-34 years old (69%). Within six months, 124 medical practitioners participated in five sharing sessions via Zoom meetings. All participants who completed the feedback form were satisfied with the content delivery of the sessions. The recorded sharing sessions were then uploaded to the YouTube channel. It already had 150 subscribers until September 2023, with 397 viewers for the videos uploaded in 2022. We facilitated participants to discuss any concerns related to medical research in the WhatsApp group, which already had 24 participants. These preliminary results highlight the potential of Arcandcoresearch to impact medical research culture positively in LMICs. The next steps should be conducting thorough program evaluations and developing strategies for sustaining virtual engagement.
Pelatihan Kepemimpinan dalam Pengembangan Kualitas Personal Mahasiswa Kedokteran: Penilaian Fasilitator
Authors: Ekayani Ni Wayan Diana , Ningrum Rima Kusuma , Pariartha I Made
Published: August 2024

Mahasiswa kedokteran perlu mengembangkan kompetensi kepemimpinan untuk dapat berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Dampak pelatihan kepemimpinan sulit untuk dievaluasi karena lebih fokus pada peningkatan kemampuan secara kognitif. Penilaian beberapa perspektif merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengetahui dampak pelatihan kepemimpinan pada mahasiswa kedokteran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh pelatihan kepemimpinan dalam mengembangkan kualitas personal mahasiswa kedokteran berdasarkan penilaian fasilitator. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini berdasarkan penilaian empat fasilitator dalam pelatihan kepemimpinan daring. Pelatihan kepemimpinan didesain menggunakan domain demonstrasi kualitas personal dari Medical Leadership Competency Framework (mawas diri, manajemen diri, pengembangan diri berkelanjutan, dan integritas). Pelatihan dilaksanakan selama 15 hari yang terdiri atas sesi workshop dan student project. Setiap fasilitator memfasilitasi 8-10 orang mahasiswa dan mengisi tiga penilaian selama observasi pembuatan student project. Sebanyak 12 dokumen dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 19 sub- tema berdasarkan elemen demonstrasi kualitas personal. Setiap subtema menggambarkan perkembangan kualitas personal mahasiswa saat mengikuti pelatihan kepemimpinan. Institusi perlu memfasilitasi pengembangan kepemimpinan mahasiswa secara berkelanjutan melalui aktivitas intrakurikuler maupun ekstrakurikuler.
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia di Rumah Sakit Rujukan Nasional Indonesia: Studi Deskriptif Observasional Lima Tahun
Authors: Anggraini Neni , Anggraini Cecilia , Mahyuddin Mutmainah
Published: August 2024

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) merupakan tumor ganas konjungtiva tersering dan memiliki tingkat rekurensi tinggi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh profil demografis, karakteristik klinis, evaluasi tatalaksana dan tingkat rekurensi pasien OSSN di Jakarta, Indonesia. Studi ini merupakan studi deskriptif retrospektif potong lintang menggunakan data rekam medis pasien terdiagnosis OSSN berdasarkan pemeriksaan histopatologi pada  2015 hingga 2020 di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Kirana (RSCM), Jakarta, Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2020 hingga April 2021. Prevalensi OSSN selama lima tahun studi sebesar 0,9%. Pada studi ini, 61 pasien OSSN dengan karakteristik mayoritas adalah laki-laki (75,5%) berusia rata-rata 54,8 ± 2,4 tahun dengan faktor risiko paparan sinar matahari (68,4%) dan kebiasaan merokok (71,9%).  Median onset yaitu 4 bulan dengan median durasi kontrol 5 bulan. Tanda klinis tersering adalah massa kemerahan di konjungtiva (44,3%), bersifat unilateral (98,4%), dengan tampilan klinis terbanyak berbentuk papiliformis (57,4%). Konjungtiva bulbi-limbus-kornea merupakan struktur bola mata yang paling sering terlibat (47,5%). Histopatologi tersering adalah squamous cell carcinoma (44,3%) dan conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (44,2%). Tatalaksana terbanyak berturut-turut adalah bedah eksisi luas dengan terapi ajuvan (47,6%), bedah eksisi luas (42%) dan Mitomycin C 0,04% topikal (4,9%). Tumor dengan lebih dari 1 lokasi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan histopatologi invasif (p=0,013). Tingkat rekurensi didapatkan sebesar 14% dengan median periode rekuren 12 bulan.
Analisis Tingkat Kesejahteraan Anak: Apakah Karakteristik Keluarga dan Modal Sosial Orang Tua Berpengaruh?
Authors: Vebrianna Nanda Restu , Hakim Lukman , Putro Tetuko Rawidyo
Published: August 2024

Menghapus kemiskinan dan menciptakan masyarakat yang sejahtera adalah tujuan indonesia yang tercatat dalam Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik dan modal sosial keluarga terhadap kesejahteraan anak. Studi menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dengan survey yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Grogol Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Populasi penelitian ini adalah anak usia 15-18 beserta orang tuanya pada tahun 2023 yang berjumlah 10.145 orang dan setelah dilakukan perhitungan didapatkan 100 sampel. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi logistic biner. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara modal sosial orang tua terhadap kesejahteraan anak. Selain itu status migrasi orang tua, pendidikan orang tua, pendapatan orang tua, dan struktur keluarga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan anak.
Analisis Pengaruh Jenis Batuan dan Sesar Aktif Terhadap Potensi Pergerakan Tanah (Studi Kasus: Cianjur)
Authors: Ainiyah Rofiatul , Wibowo Adi
Published: August 2024

Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan dan berada diantara tiga lempeng yaitu lempeng Eurasia, lempeng pasifik, dan lempeng Indo-Australia, Indonesia juga memiliki banyak gunung api yang masih aktif. Dengan kondisi tersebut,Indonesia memiliki ancaman bahaya yang beragam seperti gempa bumi, tsunami, banjir, letusan gunung api, dan gerakan tanah salah satunya yaitu longsor. Faktor yang mendorong terjadinya gerakan tanah adalah faktor alami dan manajemen. Salah satu faktor alami yaitu jenis batuan. Batuan vulkanik merupakan batuan yang mudah lapuk sehingga mudah terlepas dan menyebabkan terjadinya gerakan tanah. Kabupaten Cianjur terdiri dari batuan vulkanik dengan besaran 70,74% dari luasan wilayah. Kabupaten Cianjur juga dilewati dua buah sesar, yaitu sesar Cimandiri dan Cugenang. Aktifitas sesar dapat menyebabkan gempa bumi yang dapat memicu terjadinya gerakan tanah. Oleh karena itu dengan dua kombinasi faktor alam yang mendiring terjadinya bencana gerakan tanah maka mayoritas wilayah di Kabupaten Cianjur memiliki potensi yang tinggi terjadinya gerakan tanah. Dalam radius 500 meter dari sesar, wilayah tersebut masuk ke dalam zona rawan gerakan tanah dengan kelas tinggi.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android Dengan Aplikasi Appy Pie Pada Materi Dasar Pemeliharaan dan Perbaikan Otomotif Untuk Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
Authors: Galang Kawih  , Edi Elisa  , I Nyoman Pasek Nugraha
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis android dengan aplikasi appy pie pada materi dasar pemeliharaan dan perbaikan otomotif untuk sekolah menengah kejuruan. Subjek uji coba dari produk ini terdiri dari ahli media, ahli materi dan audiens yang diambil dari lingkungan sekolah SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja. Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis android dengan aplikasi Appypie pada materi dasar pemeliharaan dan perbaikan otomotif untuk sekolah menengah kejuruan dinyatakan sangat layak berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi dengan presentase 90,83% dan ahli media dengan presentase 94,17%. Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis android dengan aplikasi Appypie pada materi dasar pemeliharaan dan perbaikan otomotif untuk sekolah menengah kejuruan dinyatakan sangat praktis berdasarkan uji kelompok kecil dengan presentase 95,56% dan uji kelompok besar dengan presentase 96,93%. Dengan demikian berdasarkan hasil yang sudah didapat, media pembelajaran berbasis android dengan aplikasi appypie yang telah dikembangkan di SMK sudah memenuhi harapan dengan kategori sangat layak dan sangat praktis untuk diterapkan pada pembelajaran materi pemeliharaan dan perbaikan otomotif.
Kata kunci: Android, Appy Pie, Otomotif.
This study aims to determine the development of android-based learning media with the appy pie application on the basic material of automotive maintenance and repair for vocational high schools. The test subjects of this product consisted of media experts, material experts and audiences taken from the SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja school environment. The research results obtained were the development

of Android-based learning media with the Appy pie application on the basic material for automotive maintenance and repair for vocational high schools which was declared very feasible based on the assessment of material experts with a percentage of 90.83% and media experts with a percentage of 94.17%. The development of android-based learning media with the Appy pie application on the basic material of automotive maintenance and repair for vocational high schools is stated to be very practical based on small group tests with a percentage of 95.56% and large group tests with a percentage of 96.93%. Thus, based on the results already obtained, Android-based learning media with appypie applications that have been developed in SMK have met expectations with a very decent and very easy to be applied to the learning of maintenance materials and automotive repairs.
 Keywords: Android, Appy Pie, Automotive.
Adaptasi Rumah Panggung Kampung Mahmud terhadap Kondisi Geografis sebagai Mitigasi Bencana Gempa Bumi
Authors: Driknianto Muhammad Zaky Bagus , Salsabila Delyana , Meilani Agnes , Maulana Muhamad Shipa , Aliyan Silmi Afina
Published: August 2024

Sungai Citarum memiliki potensi sedimentasi yang tinggi sehingga dapat menimbulkan bahaya bencana hingga perubahan tata guna lahan. Salah satu bentuk adaptasi dan ketahanan budaya masyarakat di pinggiran DAS Citarum terjadi di Kampung Mahmud sebagai upaya adaptasi dan mitigasi bencana yang dilakukan terhadap keadaan lingkungannya dengan membangun rumah panggung. Pembangunan rumah panggung ini tak hanya menjadi mitigasi terhadap bencana gempa bumi, tetapi juga menjadi mitigasi terhadap bencana banjir pada wilayah yang memiliki sedimentasi tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rumusan untuk mengetahui bagaimana eksistensi kearifan lokal Kampung Mahmud dari awal mulanya hingga saat ini, dan mengetahui bagaimana hubungan dan keterkaitan antara kepercayaan masyarakat Kampung Mahmud dengan kondisi geografis serta nilai-nilai rumah panggung dengan mitigasi bencana. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode wawancara dan observasi lapangan. Hasil yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Rumah Panggung tradisional bukan hanya mewarisi nilai budaya yang berakar dari Kerajaan Mataram dan kearifan lokal, tetapi memiliki peran besar sebagai solusi adaptasi terhadap karakter lingkungan, terutama pada tanah yang tidak stabil akibat sedimentasi yang tentunya ketika terjadi gempa bumi akan menghasilkan dampak yang lebih besar. Dengan menggarisbawahi aspek adaptasi terhadap kondisi tanah, penelitian ini dapat memberi pandangan baru sebagai landasan dari pengembangan bidang arsitektur tradisional pada keilmuan geografi.
Accelerating Primary Education Tutors’ Acquisition of Gender-Responsive Pedagogies
Authors: Rarieya Jane Frances Akinyi , Wango Nyagwegwe Chaulo , Oluga Mary , Abunga Omari
Published: August 2024

The paper emphasises the value of gender-sensitive teaching strategies that address the often portrayal of gendered stereotypes in primary schools, including those used in textbooks. Professional development programmes are acknowledged for their crucial role in equipping tutors with the essential knowledge and abilities for successful gender-responsive education. This study explores the crucial role of tutor preparation in enhancing student teachers’ conceptions of gender roles. It employed a qualitative approach through focus group discussions, observations, group reflections, and analysis of reflective entries to provide an in-depth understanding of how gender-responsive training affects instructional strategies. The study unveils the need for college tutors to rethink their perspectives and beliefs about the integration of gender in their practices and embrace the importance of gender-responsive pedagogy. Identifying and understanding discriminatory practices against male and female student teachers and learners in primary schools is significant in enabling the tutors to design counter strategies that would make their practices gender-responsive. This includes addressing important topics such as cultural biases, ongoing education, and adaptability to add much to the conversation about fostering inclusive and equiTable learning environments. Strategies such as mentoring and coaching, structured reflective practice, collaborative teaching, and learning would accelerate learning outcomes of gender-responsive pedagogy.
Pengaruh Big Five Personality terhadap Skeptisisme Profesional Auditor
Authors: Wijaya Laura Callista , Cheisviyanny Charoline
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of the big five personality traits on auditors' professional skepticism. The big five personality traits include extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience. This research employs an associative causality study with a quantitative approach. Primary data were collected using questionnaires, and the sample consists of auditors working in Public Accounting Firms in Padang and Pekanbaru, selected through total sampling. Hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 25. The results indicate that extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness to experience have a positive impact on auditors' professional skepticism, while neuroticism has a negative impact. However, agreeableness does not significantly affect professional skepticism. Future research may consider incorporating additional variables or expanding the population to gain broader insights.
Determinan Struktur Modal Perusahaan yang Terdaftar di JII70
Authors: Welkom Syahfitri Suryaningsi , Pratiwi Anggun , Riyansa Ditha , Welkom Allysa Azzarah
Published: August 2024

Capital structure policy is a core financing decision for a company that affects company value. Companies need to be careful in determining where the source of financing comes from, whether from debt or equity sourced from their own funds or from the issuance of shares. Wrong capital structure policies can lead a company into financial distress and bankruptcy. Over the last five years, more and more companies have obtained financing through the issuance of shares on the sharia stock market. The number of investors investing their funds in this market has also increased. Based on this, the aim of this research is to find out and understand what the factors of company characteristic that effect the capital structure in companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index 70 (JII70) during the 2018-2022 period. This study uses a quantitative approach. The model used is dynamic panel data regression with the System-GMM as the analysis method. The data used is secondary data for the 2018-2022 period which comes from company financial reports collected through IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange). The population in this study were 70 companies registered on JII70. The sampling method was purposive sampling. The number of samples selected was 29 companies. The results of hypothesis testing show that the factors of company characteristic that effect the capital structure are return on equity, profit margin, current ratio, and total asset turnover.
Pelaksanaan Peran Guru sebagai Motivator di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri
Authors: Yunistisa Fadila , Gistituati Nurhizrah , Nellitawati Nellitawati , Irsyad Irsyad
Published: August 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui informasi terkait dengan pelaksanaan peran guru sebagai motivator di SMKN 2 Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI di SMKN 2 Padang dengan jumlah 563 siswa dan sampel berjumlah 96 siswa yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Stratified Proportional Random Sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa kuesioner model Skala Likert yang terdiri dari 40 item dengan alternatif jawaban Sangat Setuju (SS), Setuju (S), Kurang Setuju (KS), Tidak Setuju (TS), Sangat Tidak Setuju (STS). Sebelum digunakan, kuesioner tersebut diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya terlebih dahulu. Uji coba dilakukan kepada 20 siswa kelas XI diluar sampel penelitian. Uji coba validitas dan reliabilitas menggunakan program IBM SPSS 24.0 for windows. Uji validitas penelitian ini menggunakan product moment dengan taraf signifikan 5% (0,444) dan uji reliabilitas menggunakan rumus Alpha. Data yang terkumpul diolah dengan mencari skor rata-rata (mean) dan tingkat capaian rata-rata (TCR). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan pelaksanaan peran guru sebagai motivator pada komponen: 1) Metode pembelajaran yang bervariasi berada pada kategori baik dengan skor rata-rata 4,37, 2) Memberikan penghargaan sebagai dorongan berada pada kategori baik dengan skor rata-rata 4,35, 3) Memberikan hukuman/sanksi berada pada kategori baik dengan skor rata-rata 4,18, dan 4) Menggunakan media pembelajaran yang bervariasi berada pada kategori baik dengan skor rata-rata 4,23. Secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan peran guru sebagai motivator berada pada kategori baik dengan skor rata-rata 4,30.