bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stability of Expansive Soil Slopes under Wetting–Drying Cycles Based on the Discrete Element Method
Authors: Wang Hao , Wang Yejiao , Jin Fujie
Published: March 2024

The swelling-shrinkage behavior of expansive soils under climate changes will cause the crack development, which can be destructive of expansive soil slopes. This study investigated the effect of drying/wetting cycles on the stability of an expansive soil slope using the discrete element method (DEM), in consideration of the crack development induced by climate changes. The strength reduction method was adopted in the DEM calculations, which was coupled with the unsaturated seepage analysis given by the finite element method. The slope stability and the failure model of the slope after different times of wetting–drying cycles were analyzed, and the results were compared with those calculated by the limit equilibrium method and the finite element method. The results indicated that the failure pattern of the expansive soil slope was strongly influenced by the wetting–drying cycles. A shallow sliding surface of the expansive soil slope occurred after several wetting–drying cycles. Similarly, the safety factor of the expansive soil slope decreased gradually with the wetting–drying cycles. Considering the cracks’ evolution inside the expansive soil slope from the drying/wetting cycles, a shallower sliding surface with a smaller safety factor was obtained from the strength reduction method of the DEM, in comparison with the two conventional methods of the Limit equilibrium method and finite element method. Therefore, cracks play an essential role in the expansive soil slope stability. The strength reduction method of the DEM, which considers the cracks’ evolution during drying/wetting cycles, is more reliable.
Groundwaters in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region, France: Grouping Homogeneous Groundwater Bodies for Optimized Monitoring and Protection
Authors: Ayach Meryem , Lazar Hajar , Lamat Christel , Bousouis Abderrahim , Touzani Meryem , El Jarjini Youssouf , Kacimi Ilias , Valles Vincent , Barbiero Laurent , Morarech Moad
Published: March 2024

The number and diversity of groundwater bodies (GWBs) in large French administrative regions pose challenges to their monitoring and protection by regional health agencies. To overcome this obstacle, we propose, for the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region (about 70,000 km2), a grouping of GWBs into homogeneous groups based on the sources of variability within a large dataset of groundwater physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics (8078 observations and 13 parameters). This grouping involved a dimensional reduction in the data hyperspace by principal component analysis (PCA) and a clustering based on the mean values of each GWB on the factorial axes. The information lost when clustering from the sample point scale to the GWB scale and then to that of the GWB group was quantified by analysis of variance and showed that grouping GWBs is accompanied by a small loss of information. A discriminant analysis confirmed the high spatial and temporal variability within the dataset, as well as the effectiveness of the proposed method for establishing homogeneous sets. Some roadmaps for more targeted monitoring of water resources were briefly proposed.
Floating Aquatic Macrophytes in Wastewater Treatment: Toward a Circular Economy
Authors: Sayanthan S. , Hasan Hassimi Abu , Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh
Published: March 2024

Floating aquatic macrophytes have a high level of proficiency in the removal of various contaminants, particularly nutrients, from wastewater. Due to their rapid growth rates, it is imperative to ensure the safe removal of the final biomass from the system. The ultimate macrophyte biomass is composed of lignocellulose and has enhanced nutritional and energy properties. Consequently, it can serve as a viable source material for applications such as the production of bioenergy, fertilizer and animal feed. However, its use remains limited, and in-depth studies are scarce. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of floating aquatic macrophytes and their efficacy in the elimination of heavy metals, nutrients and organic pollutants from various types of wastewater. This study offers a wide-ranging scrutiny of the potential use of plant biomasses as feedstock for bioenergy generation, focusing on both biochemical and thermochemical conversion processes. In addition, we provide information regarding the conversion of biomass into animal feed, focusing on ruminants, fish and poultry, the manufacture of fertilizers and the use of treated water. Overall, we offer a clear idea of the technoeconomic benefits of using macrophytes for the treatment of wastewater and the challenges that need to be rectified to make this cradle-to-cradle concept more efficient.
Comparative Analysis of Following Distances in Different Adaptive Cruise Control Systems at Steady Speeds
Authors: Mohammed Dilshad , Horváth Balázs
Published: March 2024

Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems have emerged as a significant advancement in automotive technology, promising safer and more efficient driving experiences. However, the performance of ACC systems can vary significantly depending on their type and underlying algorithms. This research presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of car-following distances in different types of Adaptive Cruise Control systems. We evaluate and compare three distinct categories of ACC systems using three different commercial vehicles brands. The study involves extensive real-world testing at Zalazone Proving Ground, to assess the performance of these systems under various driving conditions, including driving at multiple speeds and applying different car following scenarios. The study investigates how each ACC system manages the minimum following distances according to the type of ACC sensors in each tested vehicle. Our findings revealed that at low to medium ranges of constant driving speeds, there was an approximate linear increase in the average clearances between the two following vehicles for all applied scenarios, with comparatively shorter clearances obtained by the vision-based ACC system, while unstable measurements with a high level of dispersion for all ACC systems were observed at high range of driving speeds.
Heat-Resilient Workforce: Unveiling the Relationships Between Heat-related Knowledge, Risk Perception, and Precautionary Behavior in Indonesian Pine Forest Workers
Authors: Putra Firyal Dhaifan , Yovi Efi Yuliati , Kuncahyo Budi
Published: March 2024

Behavioral changes play a crucial role in protecting the occupational health of outdoor workers, particularly those engaged in physically demanding jobs like forestry, against the adverse effects of rising temperatures–a clear consequence of climate change. Working in an environment with increasing temperature exposure heightens the risk of health disorders from both physiological and psychological perspectives, ultimately resulting in decreased work productivity. Numerous studies emphasize the positive correlation between behavior and knowledge. However, other variables that require thorough exploration are risk perception and work experience. Understanding the interplay among these four variables–behavior, knowledge, risk perception, and work experience–is crucial for formulating precise strategies to foster more cautious behavioral changes. This cross-sectional study, executed through a survey involving 50 pine tappers in the pine forest area of Bogor, Indonesia, utilizes Structural Equation Modelling with the Partial Least Squares approach. The research aims to explore the relationships between heat-related knowledge, risk perception, precautionary behavior, and work experience among outdoor workers, particularly pine oleoresin tappers. Through semi-structured interviews, insight into how to improve the workers’ precautionary behavior against the impacts of climate are investigated. The analysis uncovers positive connections between knowledge-risk perception, knowledge-precautionary behavior, and risk-perception-precautionary behavior. Additionally, the study underscores the mediating role of the dread risk factor (one element of risk perception) in shaping workers’ precautionary behavior. Another finding is that, with increasing work experience, pine tappers tend to underestimate risks, thereby diminishing their inclination toward precautionary behavior. These findings offer valuable guidance for enhancing the precautionary behavior of outdoor workers who confront the challenges of rising temperatures.
Trapezoidal Cyclic Voltammetry as a Baseline for Determining Reverse Peak Current from Cyclic Voltammograms
Authors: Emiliano Carla B. , Bellin Chrystian de O. , Lopes Mauro C.
Published: March 2024

Several techniques for determining the reverse peak current from a cyclic voltammogram (CV) for a reversible system are described in the literature: CV itself as a baseline with long switching potential (Eλ) that serves as a baseline for other CVs, Nicholson equation that uses CV parameters to calculation reverse peak current and linear extrapolation of the current obtained at the switching potential. All methods either present experimental difficulties or large errors in the peak current determination. The paper demonstrates, both theoretically and experimentally, that trapezoidal cyclic voltammetry (TCV) can be used as a baseline to determine anodic peak current (iap) with high accuracy and with a switching potential shorter than that used by CV, as long as Eλ is at least 130 mV away from the cathodic peak. Beyond this value of switching potential the electroactive specie is completely depleted from the electrode surface. Using TCV with Eλ = 0.34 V and a switching time (tλ) of 240 s as a baseline, the determination of the reverse peak current presents a deviation from the expected value of less than 1% for most of the CVs studied (except cases when Eλ is close to the direct potential peak). This result presents better accuracy than the Nicholson equation and the linear extrapolation of the current measured at the switching potential, in addition to presenting a smaller error than that obtained in the acquisition of the experimental current. Furthermore, determining the reverse peak current by extrapolating the linear fit of iap vs. 1/tλ to infinite time gave a reasonable approximation to the expected value. Experiments with aqueous potassium hexacyanoferrate (II) and ferrocene in acetonitrile confirmed the theoretical predictions.
Gestión de residuos sólidos y su relación con la inversión pública en municipalidades del Perú
Authors: Solis Ruiz Henry Milthon
Published: March 2024

La gestión de los residuos sólidos representa un desafío ambiental crucial, donde la planificación efectiva y la inversión pública son fundamentales para abordar de manera sostenible esta problemática creciente. El objetivo de esta investigación es explorar y comprender la dinámica de la relación entre la gestión de residuos sólidos con la inversión pública en las municipalidades del Perú. Metodológicamente se llevó a cabo un análisis de revisión bibliográfica y se eligió la narrativa como enfoque de investigación. Se establecieron los siguientes criterios para la inclusión de los estudios: a) artículos originales y de revisión, b) Publicaciones a partir del 2017 c) Difundidos en español y d) Disponibles en acceso abierto. Como resultado, se recuperaron y analizaron 39 documentos. Se concluye que la eficiente gestión de residuos sólidos está intrínsecamente vinculada a la inversión pública, resaltando la crucial importancia de decisiones estratégicas para fomentar prácticas sostenibles a nivel local.
Kronik Ruhsal Hastalığı Olan Bireylerin Yakınlarının Tedavi Ve Hastaneye Yatış Sürecindeki Deneyimleri
Authors: Karaköse Şeymanur , Özer Bahtiyar Umut , Aktürk İlker , Yaman Ömer Miraç
Published: March 2024

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı; bipolar bozukluk ve şizofreni hastalığına sahip bireylerin yakınlarının, tedavi ve hastaneye yatış sürecindeki deneyimlerinin incelenmesi ve deneyimlerine yönelik algıların anlaşılmasıdır.

Yöntem: Bu araştırma nitel araştırma olarak tasarlanmış ve fenomenolojik desen kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında 5’i bipolar bozukluk, 5'i şizofreni tanısı olan 10 bireyin yakınıyla görüşülmüştür. Araştırmada katılımcılarla derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu görüşmelerde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur.

Bulgular: Çalışmanın bulguları, “Yatış Sürecinde Hissedilenler”, “Başa Çıkma” ve “Çevrenin Tutumu” alt temalarından oluşan “Yatış Süreci” ve “Hastalığın Aileye Etkisi”, “Ailenin Tedavideki Rolü”, “Destekler Olmasaydı”, “Yatış ve Tedavi Sürecinde Yaşanan Zorluklar”, “Yatış ve Tedavi Sürecindeki İhtiyaçlar” ve “Sürece Yeniden Başlansaydı” alt temalarından oluşan “Hastalık ve Aile” ana temaları altında ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda hasta bireylerin yakınlarının hem tedavi sürecini etkilediği hem de tedavi sürecinden etkilendiği; hastalığa bağlı olarak sorunlar yaşadığı, bu nedenle hayatlarında birtakım değişiklikler yapma gerekliliği duyduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca hasta yakınlarının hastalık hakkında bilgi edinmeye, psikolojik destek almaya, hasta ile ve tedavi sürecindeki profesyoneller ile daha sağlıklı iletişim kurma becerisine, yaşanılan zor ve ağır tecrübeler karşısında işlevsel başa çıkma stratejileri geliştirmeye, yakın çevreden sosyal destek almaya, damgalayıcı olmayan yaklaşımlara ihtiyaç duyduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.

Sonuç: Hasta yakınlarının da süreçten etkilendiği göz önünde bulundurularak yakını hastane yatışı yapmış aileler ile grup terapileri organize etmek, hasta yatış sürecinde iken, ailenin de farklı bir sağaltım sürecine dahil edilmesi, bu sürecin psikoeğitim ve psikolojik destek gibi unsurları içermesinin ve toplumu bu hastalıklar konusunda bil
Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Çevrimiçi Sınavlara Yönelik Tutumlarının Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi: Ege Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: Karaca Ozan , Suner Aslı
Published: March 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı öğrencilerin çevrimiçi sınavlara yönelik tutumlarını, cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, internet kullanım becerisi, maddi refah düzeyi ve ders başarısı gibi değişkenler açısından değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma prospektif bir kesitsel tarama çalışmasıdır. Katılımcıların çevrimiçi sınavlara yönelik tutumları ve çeşitli değişkenlere ilişkin elektronik anket yöntemi ile veri toplanmış ve istatistiksel analizler yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin çevrimiçi sınavlara yönelik tutumları arasında cinsiyet ve internet kullanım beceri düzeyine göre anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, öğrencilerin cinsiyetlerinin, dijital becerilerinin, maddi olanaklar kaynaklı teknoloji erişimlerinin ve akademik başarılarının çevrimiçi sınavlara yönelik tutumlarını şekillendirmede çeşitli düzeylerde etki yarattığını göstermektedir.
LİSE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE BİREYSEL FAKTÖRLERİN İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIKLARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Timur Ahmet , Metin Salih
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada adolesanlarda internet bağımlılığı düzeylerinin ve ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim döneminde Bursa Osmangazi ilçesinde eğitim gören lise 1. sınıf öğrencilerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada 10639 öğrenciye anket uygulanmıştır. Anketler sağlık personelleri tarafından okullarda yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan logistik regresyon analizine göre internet bağımlılığı; kızlarda erkeklerden 1.27 kat, günlük ortalama 3 saat ve üzerinde internet kullananlarda 3 saatten az kullananlara göre 2.71 kat, 3 saat ve üzerinde online oyun oynayanlarda 3 saatten az oynayanlara göre 1.86 kat, 3 saat ve üzeri sosyal medyada vakit geçirenlerde 3 saatten az vakit geçirenlere göre 2.31 kat, düzenli kitap okuma alışkanlığı olmayanlarda olanlardan 1.40 kat ve düzenli spor yapmayanlarda yapanlardan 1.21 kat daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Yaşadığımız yüzyılda hayatımızın her aşamasında söz sahibi olan internet bankacılık işlemlerinden alışverişe kurs eğitim gibi faaliyetlerden günlük arkadaş görüşmelerimize kadar birçok aktivitemizin içine yerleşmiştir. Güzel yanlarının yanında insanı insan yapan birçok özellikten bireyi uzaklaştırması da söz konusu olduğunda aslında fazla kullanılan her şey gibi internet de bağımlılık yapabilmekte ve biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal hayatımızı etkilemektedir.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF PERSONAL HYGIENE KNOWLEDGE AND HEALTH PERCEPTION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Sinan Özlem , Şahin Sevil , Şahin Simge , Ünsal Alaettin
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the level of personal hygiene knowledge in university students and assess the level of health perception. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 946 students studying at a state university in Ankara. A questionnaire which included the Perception of Health Scale and questions to determine socio-demographic characteristics and level of personal hygiene knowledge of students was used to collect data. Data were collected by face-to-face survey method. The students ages ranged from 16 to 39 with years. Median score of the students obtained from the questions on personal hygiene knowledge and from the Perception of Health Scale was 24.0 (Min-Max= 0.0-30.0)and 48.5 (Min-Max=22.0-75.0), respectively. While the most accurately answered question on personal hygiene was “Hands should be washed with generous amounts of soap and water after using the toilet” (95%), the least accurately answered question was “It is beneficial to walk around barefoot at home” (37.2%). In this study, the level of personal hygiene knowledge was determined to be higher in students of medical faculty, women, non-smokers, non-drinkers and those who had previous information on personal hygiene before (p< 0.05).A weak positive relationship was determined between the level of personal hygiene level and health perception (r=0.397; p=0.001).It was determined in the study that the students had a good level of personal hygiene knowledge and medium level of health perception.
Estimated reductions in type 2 diabetes burden through nutrition policies in AZAR cohort population: A PRIME microsimulation study for primary health care
Authors: Pourmoradian Samira , Kalantari Naser , Eini-Zinab Hassan , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Sadegh Tabrizi Jafar , Faramarzi Elnaz
Published: March 2024

Background: Given the impact of high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages on type 2 diabetes, intervention to reduce their consumption can be a top priority for any health system. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to simulate the impact of policy options related to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) on the prevalence and mortality of type 2 diabetes in Iranian men and women. Methods: A discrete event simulation (DES) model was used to predict the effect of several policy options on the prevalence and death from type 2 diabetes in Azar Cohort Databases. Population age- and sex-specific prevalence and incidence rate of diagnosed diabetes were derived from the national health data. The Preventable Risk Integrated Model (PRIME) model was used for coding the input parameters of simulation using R and Python software. Results: The prevalence and mortality rate of type 2 diabetes under the scenario of reduced consumption of SSBs indicated that the highest and the lowest prevalence and mortality rates of type 2 diabetes for men and women were related to no policy condition and replacing SSBs with healthy drinks, like water, respectively. Also, the maximum "number of deaths postponed/ prevented" from type 2 diabetes was related to replacing SSBs with water (n=2015), and an integration of reformulation and applying 10% tax on SSBs (n=1872), respectively. Conclusion: Simulating the effect of different policy options on reducing the consumption of SSBs showed "replacing of SSBs with water" as the most effective policy option in Iranian setting.
Exploring the barriers to Pap smear test compliance: A qualitative study for improving cervical cancer screening in the primary health care
Authors: Shariati Sarcheshme Mansoore , Mahdizdeh Mehrsadat , Tehrani Hadi , Vahedian-Shahroodi Mohammad
Published: March 2024

Background: Cervical cancer in Iran ranks as the fourth most frequent cancer among women. Pap smear (PS) is the best standard for detecting cervical cancer, but many people, even healthcare providers (HCPs), do not maintain it. HCPs play a critical role in promoting PS uptake. The purpose of the study was to explore barriers to cervical cancer PS screening compliance from the HCPs’ perspective. Methods: The present qualitative content analysis was conducted through semi-structured in-depth interviews. A total of 28 HCPs were interviewed between July and August 2020. A diverse sample of HCPs was selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was based on the five steps proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. MAXQDA (2020) was used for data analyzing. Results: Ten key sub-categories were identified and organized into three categories: individual, environmental, and socio-cultural factors. The sub-categories included inadequate risk perception, inappropriate attitude, low commitment, emotional factors, low priority over health, requirements and consequences of the test, deficiencies of health centers, organizational factors, traditions and religious believes. Conclusion: HCPs face multiple barriers for PS. Exploring and decreasing barriers of PS in HCPs may increase compliance in them and their clients because they play an influential role in instructing and persuading women to take the PS. There is need to explore these barriers and identify possible interventions to change them. Insights from this study are useful for developing policies around national PS programs, too.
Peer interventions to improve HIV testing uptake among immigrants: A realist review
Authors: Ghasemi Elham , Bahrami Tahereh , Majdzadeh Reza , Negarandeh Reza , Rajabi Fatemeh
Published: March 2024

Background: As a vulnerable group in HIV control programs, immigrants face various obstacles to HIV testing. Despite the effectiveness of peer interventions on health promotion in HIV testing, relatively little is known about how these interventions work. This realist review aims to understand why, how, and under what conditions peer interventions can improve immigrants’ HIV testing uptake. Methods: We followed the steps suggested by Pawson and colleagues for conducting the realist review. To test a initial program theory, we first systematically searched databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane, as well as the websites of UNAIDS, World Bank, Global Fund, WHO, and IOM. After data extraction and quality appraisal, data synthesis was conducted to explain the intervention pathways corresponding to context-mechanism-outcome configurations. Results: Seventeen studies were included in the review. Peer interventions for improving immigrants’ HIV testing uptake worked through four pathways: Following the improvement of communications (as a proximal mechanism): 1) increasing awareness, 2) reduced stigma, 3) improved support, and 4) increased access to services could lead to improved HIV testing uptake among immigrants. The identified mechanisms were influenced by three groups of individual/ interpersonal, service delivery, and structural factors. Conclusion: Peer interventions with multiple strategies to be designed and implemented considering the barriers to HIV testing and also moving beyond one-size-fits-all approaches can successfully improve the immigrants’ HIV testing uptake. The refined program theory in this study can help the healthcare providers and policy-makers promote the immigrants’ HIV testing uptake and reduce the risk of disease transmission.
Evaluating online health information utilisation and its psychosocial implications among breast cancer survivors: Qualitative explorations
Authors: Melhem Samar J , Nanhani-Gebara Shereen , Kayyali Reem
Published: March 2024

Background: This study investigated the online information-seeking behaviours of breast cancer patients at Jordan University Hospital, focusing on their dissatisfaction with available online health resources and its impact on their well-being and anxiety levels. Methods: Employing descriptive phenomenology and convenience sampling, we conducted five Skype-based focus groups with 4-6 breast cancer survivors each, from March to July 2020. Data analysis was performed using NVivo, following Braun and Clark’s inductive thematic analysis framework. Results: The thematic analysis revealed critical insights into survivors’ interactions with online cancer resources, identifying key subthemes such as the quality of online information, cyberchondriasis, health literacy and search strategies, the distress caused by counterproductive searches, and the tendency to avoid internet searches. Conclusion: The study underscores the challenges breast cancer survivors face in accessing online health information, especially in Arabic. It highlights the need to improve the quality and accessibility of these resources. Enhancing the cultural relevance of online materials and educating patients on effective information evaluation are crucial. These measures can significantly boost health literacy, mitigate anxiety, and provide better support for breast cancer survivors.
Pandemic treaty as an instrument to strengthen global health security: Global health diplomacy at its crux
Authors: Chattu Vijay Kumar , Mol Rajani , Singh Bawa , Reddy K. Srikanth , Hatefi Arian
Published: March 2024

Background: The World Health Assembly (WHA), on 1st December 2021, unanimously agreed to launch a global process to draft and negotiate a convention, agreement, or other international instrument under the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) constitution to strengthen pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response. We aimed to explore the role of global health diplomacy (GHD) in pandemic treaty negotiations by providing deep insight into the ongoing drafting process under the WHO leadership. Methods: We conducted a narrative review by searching Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar search engine using the keywords "Pandemic Treaty," OR "International Health Regulations," OR "International conventions," OR "International treaties" in the context of recent COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, we included articles recommending the need for GHD, leadership and governance mechanisms for this international treaty drafting approved by the WHA. Results: Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the concept of GHD bolstered the international system and remained high on the agendas of many national, regional and global platforms. As per Article 19 of the WHO constitution, the Assembly established an intergovernmental negotiating body (INB) to draft and negotiate this convention/ agreement to protect the world from disease outbreaks of pandemic potential. Since GHD has helped to strengthen international cooperation in health systems and address inequities in achieving health-related global targets, there is a great scope for the successful drafting of this pandemic treaty. Conclusion: The pandemic treaty is a defining moment in global health governance, particularly the pandemic governance reforms. However, the treaty’s purpose will only be served if the equity considerations are optimized, accountability mechanisms are established, and a sense of shared responsibility is embraced. While fulfilling treaty commitments might be complex and challenging, it provides an opportunity to rethink and build resilient systems for pandemic preparedness and response in the future.
Post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy pseudo aneurysm formation treated by coil embolization; A study of seven cases
Authors: Tadayon Niki , Refaei Meisam , Zarrintan Sina , Shahsavari Saleh , Najari Doras , Sheikhzadeh Mohsen
Published: March 2024

Renal artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with symptoms of flank pain and hematuria. Endovascular coil embolization has been proposed as a safe management option. We report Seven male patients, aged 36 to 65 years, with post-PCNL pseudoaneurysms presenting as gross hematuria. They all underwent CT angiography prior to endovascular intervention. The access was from common femoral artery in 6 cases and from left brachial artery in one case. Selective angiography of affected renal artery and branches were performed by suitable catheter. Coil embolization was performed by MicroNester and MReye coils (Cook, Inc.). Size of coils was selected based on angiography results. Completion angiography revealed embolized pseudoaneurysm in all cases. Gross and microscopic hematuria disappeared in all patients in the following days. Endovascular angioembolization with coil is an effective technique for managing post-PCNL pseudoaneurysms in renal artery and its branches.
Right pulmonary artery compression following acute type A aortic dissection resulting in acute right ventricular heart failure: A case report
Authors: Alimi Hedieh , Moud Azadeh Izadi , Yadollahi Asal
Published: March 2024

Right ventricular failure is a mechanism of hemodynamic collapse in acute aortic dissection. Mostly RV failure happens as a result of coronary malperfusion secondary to compression of right coronary artery ostium by the false lumen of type A aortic dissection or the dissection flap involving this coronary artery. Another mechanism is compression of pulmonary artery and an acute rise of pulmonary pressure below the level of obstruction, which is rarely reported. Herein, we presented an 82-year-old man who was admitted with type A aortic dissection in whom echocardiographic examination revealed right pulmonary artery compression resulting in acute right ventricular failure.
Evaluation of serum pro/anti-angiogenic biomarkers in hyperglycemic rats treated with Securigera securidaca seeds, alone and in combination with Glibenclamide
Authors: Bahreini Elham , Babaei Mohammad , Mohammadi Forogh , Alizadeh-Fanalou Shahin
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Herbal medicines are commonly used by many people with diabetes in addition to standard treatment. Plants contain numerous known and unknown compounds that may exacerbate or ameliorate diabetes complications. Therefore, it is crucial to be aware of the side effects of these herbs before prescribing them. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Securigera securidaca (HESS) seeds alone and in combination with glibenclamide on the angiogenic/anti-angiogenic balance in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Groups involved in this animal study included diabetic and healthy controls, three doses of HESS, glibenclamide, and combination therapy. Serum samples were collected and analyzed for a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), fetal liver kinase 1 (FLK-1), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFLT-1), and transforming growth factor -beta (TGF-β). Results: Induction of diabetes increased VEGF, FGF21, and TGF-β serum levels and decreased circulating FLK-1 and sFLT-1 factors. Herbal extract, except TGF-β, had little effect on the above blood levels even at the highest doses. Glibenclamide was more effective than the highest dose of HESS in improving the vascular complications of diabetes. Combination therapy with the highest dose of HESS partly enhanced the glibenclamide effects. Conclusion: Compared with glibenclamide as a standard chemical drug, HESS had no significant effects on the blood levels of the pro/anti-angiogenesis factor in diabetic rats. Glibenclamide attenuated the levels of the biomarkers and its effects were somewhat enhanced in combination with the highest dose of HESS.
In vivo cytotoxicity analysis of bioceramic root canal sealers on zebrafish embryo
Authors: Ja'apar Siti Aisyah Nadirah , Ichwan Solachuddin Jauhari Arief , Mustaffa Musliana
Published: March 2024

Background. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of four bioceramic root canal sealers (RCSs) in vivo. The embryonic zebrafish characteristics, such as mortality, survival, hatching, and general morphology, served as the parameters for assessing cytotoxicity. Methods. The RCSs, namely GuttaFlow Bioseal, MTA Fillapex, CeraSeal Bioceramic, and iRoot SP, were mixed according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. The extract solution was prepared by immersing the set RCS into 1X dilution of E3 solution. Then, the extract solution was delivered into a Petri dish where zebrafish embryos were allowed to develop. Cytotoxicity was evaluated 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after fertilization. Results. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that except for GuttaFlow Bioseal, the mortality, survival, and hatching of zebrafish embryos for the remaining three bioceramic RCSs were significantly different from the negative controls (P<0.05). Significant differences were also evident in the mortality, survival, and hatching of zebrafish embryos between GuttaFlow Bioseal and three other RCSs (P<0.05). Conclusion. GuttaFlow Bioseal was less cytotoxic than other bioceramics RCSs; MTA Fillapex, CeraSeal Bioceramic root canal sealer, and iRoot SP root canal sealer exhibited comparable cytotoxicity.
Effect of air abrasive polishing on nickel release, stainless steel corrosion, and nickel-titanium archwires
Authors: Mohammed Mohanad Ali , Saleem Alan Issa
Published: March 2024

Background. Orthodontic treatment is becoming more and more popular. However, using fixed orthodontic devices for treatment affects oral hygiene and raises the risk of corrosion, plaque-related illnesses, and dental discoloration-related issues. Air abrasive polishing has a superior effect over the conventional method in removing dental deposits. Using fixed orthodontic appliances affects oral hygiene and raises the risk of diseases caused by plaque, tooth discoloration, and corrosion, as well as corrosion by ions. This study evaluated the impact of air polishing on nickel ion release and corrosion from stainless steel, nickel-titanium, coated stainless steel, and coated nickel-titanium. Methods. A total of 288 (stainless steel, coated stainless-steel, nickel-titanium, and coated nickel-titanium rectangular archwires) of one brand were subjected to varying air abrasion polishing times (5, 10, and 20 seconds). Then, they were submerged in artificial saliva with a pH of 6.75 and incubated for 28 days at 37 °C. The release of nickel ions (Ni2+) was measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer at 7, 14, and 28 days to estimate the cumulative effect. The corrosion of the test-selected samples and surface alterations was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results. Prolonged polishing significantly increased Ni2+release and corrosion. Archwires made of coated stainless steel exhibited the least amount of Ni2+release. Conclusion. The air polishing process increased the Ni2+release at a subtoxic level and could be used on adult patients with long gaps between visits with a polishing period of 5 seconds.
Marginal adaptation of different monolithic zirconia crowns with horizontal and vertical finish lines: A comparative in vitro study
Authors: Nasir Mohammed Qasim , kadhim Alaa Jawad
Published: March 2024

Background. This study evaluated the influence of different tooth preparation techniques and zirconia materials on marginal adaptation. Methods. Forty-eight healthy human maxillary first premolars were divided into two primary groups based on preparation design: group A (chamfer) and group B (vertical). Within each main group, there were three subgroups, comprising eight teeth each, distinguished by the type of zirconia material employed (Zircad LT, MT, and Prime by Ivoclar Vivadent). All the samples were prepared by the same operator using a dental surveyor. Intraoral scanning was performed on the prepared teeth. SironaInLab CAD 20.0 software was used to design crowns, which were subsequently generated using a 5-axis milling machine. The crowns were cemented to their respective teeth with self-adhesive resin cement. Marginal gap measurements were taken in micrometers (μm) before and after cementation at 16 sites per sample using a digital microscope at×230 magnification. The collected data were evaluated using statistical analysis using the independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANOVA at an 0.05 significance level. Results. The vertical preparation group exhibited the smallest marginal gap, while the chamfer group displayed the largest. This disparity was statistically significant (P<0.05) for pre- and post-cementation measurements across all materials. There were no significant differences between the different monolithic zirconia crowns. Conclusion. The vertical preparation design illustrated significantly better marginal adaptation than the chamfer preparation design. Comparisons between materials showed comparable marginal gaps. The mean values of the marginal gaps in all groups increased significantly after cementation.
In vitro assessment of the roles of initial preparation size and solvent application on apically extruded debris in endodontically treated teeth
Authors: Yavaş Esra , Yekeler Aslıhan , İlgen Serhat , Uzunoğlu Özyürek Emel
Published: March 2024

Background. This study investigated the effects of solvent use and initial canal enlargement size on apically extruded debris (AED). Methods. The palatal roots of 60 upper molars were assigned to two groups based on the initial preparation size: F3 or F4 ProTaper Universal files. The roots were obturated using the single-cone technique. Each group was subdivided based on the retreatment procedures: with or without solvent. After evaporation, the Eppendorf tubes were weighed using an electronic balance. The data were statistically analyzed (P=0.05). Results. Using a solvent enhanced the amount of AED in samples initially prepared up to F3 or F4 files (P<0.05). When the solvent was used, the AED was greater in samples initially prepared up to the F4 file (P<0.05); however, when the solvent was omitted, the results were reversed (P<0.05). Conclusion. Both parameters had a role in AED. Solvents should be used cautiously during root canal retreatment because of the potential for apical extrusion of filling materials. Using files with smaller tapers during initial preparation might be beneficial when considering the amount of AED compared to those with larger tapers.
Vitex Agnus Castus – a Special Place in the Treatment of Gynecological Problems
Authors: Алимбаева Г.Н.
Published: March 2024

В работе показаны особенности стандартизации лекарственных препаратов растительного происхождения (ЛПРП), основанных на экстракте плодов Витекса священного. Лечебный эффект ЛПРП является многокомпонентным и зависит от производственных процессов, дозы и формы выпуска. В помощь практическому врачу показаны основные механизмы лечебного действия экстракта плодов Витекса священного. На примере инструкций ЛС и БАДов, содержащих VAC и доступных в РК, рассмотрены вопросы идентичности или различий, казалось бы, аналогичных препаратов. Важно, что в лекарственных справочниках не указывается действующее вещество препаратов Прутняка, поскольку оно остается неизвестным. На сегодняшний день в качестве API (активный фармацевтический компонент) рассматривается весь экстракт. На основании результатов высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии (Япония) уточнены сходство и различия лекарственных препаратов VAC, а также ненадлежащее качество ряда БАДов, содержащих VAC. В статье рассмотрены сильные и слабые стороны исследований эффективности экстрактов VAC, в том числе дозозависимых. Показан собственный опыт применения препарата Префемин у подростков 18–19 лет с предменструальным синдромом и предменструальным дисфорическим расстройством.

The paper shows the features of the standardization of herbal medicines (HM) based on the extract of the fruits of Vitex agnus castus. The therapeutic effect of HM is multicomponent and depends on the production processes, dose and form of release. To help the practitioner, the main mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of the extract of the fruits of Vitex agnus castus are shown. On the example of instructions for medicines and dietary supplements containing VAC and available in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the issues of identity or differences of seemingly similar drugs are considered. It is important that the active substance of VAC preparations is not indicated in the medicinal reference books, since it remains unknown. Based on the results of high-performance liquid chromatography (Japan), the similarities and differences of VAC drugs, as well as the inadequate quality of a number of dietary supplements containing VAC, were clarified. The article discusses the strengths and weaknesses of studies on the effectiveness of VAC extracts, including dose-dependent ones. Shown own experience with the use of the Prefemin in adolescents 18–19 years old with premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
Veri Zarflama Analizi İle Demir Çelik Sektörünün Etkinliğinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ERGÜN Ümit Remzi
Published: March 2024

Kıyaslama, incelemeye alınan birimlerin daha iyi performansa ulaşması amacıyla belirli gösterge ve uygulamaların tüm sürece adapte edilmesi sonucunda gerçekleştirilen devamlı bir süreç olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bir etkinlik analiz yöntemi olan veri zarflama analizi ile demir çelik sektöründe dolaylı ihracat değerleri yüksek olan ülkeler özelinde kıyaslamalar yapılmıştır. Çalışmada ülkelerin rekabetçi sanayi performansı endeksi (CIP), demir çelik ihracat rakamları, gayri safi yurt içi hâsıla oranı olarak Ar-Ge harcamaları, üretime dayalı karbondioksit emisyonları, demir çelik ithalatı ve üretici fiyat endeksi değerleri kullanılarak hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Hesaplama birimlerinden CIP endeksi Birleşmiş Milletler Sınai Kalkınma Örgütü verilerinden, demir çelik ihracat ve ithalat rakamları Dünya Ticaret Örgütü verilerinden, gayri safi yurt içi hâsıla oranı olarak Ar-Ge harcamaları UNESCO İstatistik Enstitüsü’nden ve üretime dayalı karbondioksit emisyonları OECD veri tabanından derlenerek elde edilmiştir. Hesaplama birimlerinin seçimlerinde ülkelerin küresel iklim krizinin etkilerinin azaltılması, karbon salınımı ve diğer ekonomik göstergelerin demir çelik sektörüne uygun olmasına dikkat edilmiştir. Etkinlik analizi çerçevesinde çalışmada değerlendirmeye alınan ülkeler, Çin, Almanya, Japonya, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Güney Kore, Meksika, İtalya, Polonya, İspanya, Türkiye, Fransa ve Kanada olarak sayılabilecektir. Ülkelerin belirlenmesinde World Steel Association tarafından yayımlanan World Steel in Figures 2022 raporu baz alınmıştır. Çalışma sadece dış ticaret, üretim ve ekonomik gelişimin değil aynı zamanda ülke ekonomilerinin sürdürülebilir özellikli yapılarına ve üretimde çevre dostu yaklaşımlarına dikkat çekmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak veri zarflama analizinin kullanılmasının nedeni olarak, demir çelik sektörünün sosyo-ekonomik değişimlerle olan ilişkisinin kuvvetli olması sonucunda sektörün çok girdili ve çok çıktılı yapıya uygun olduğu gösterilebilecektir. Çalışma, üretime dayalı karbondioksit emisyonlarını, üretici fiyat endekslerini ve demir çelik ithalatını girdi; CIP, demir çelik ihracatı ve gayri safi yurt içi hâsıla oranı olarak Ar-Ge harcamaları değerlerini çıktı olarak işleme almış; çalışmada 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017 ve 2020 yılları için etkinlik analizi hesaplamaları gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Evaluation of the Temporal Crestal Canal, A Mandibular Variation, with CBCT According To Gender
Authors: Doğan Mehmet Emin , Kaya Menduh Sercan
Published: March 2024

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of temporal crest canal in a group of Turkish population according to gender using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CIBT images of 515 individuals were retrospectively analysed. Twenty-seven of these images were excluded because they did not meet the study criteria. All images were analysed in multiplanar planes. The presence of temporal crest canal was recorded according to age and gender. Data were analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Pearson Chi-Square test was used to evaluate the relationship between categorical variables. Results: 488 KIBT images were analysed and 2.6% of the total temporal crest canal was detected. Right temporal crest canal rate was 1.2% and left temporal crest canal rate was 1.4%. The rate of temporal crest canal was 1.4% in males and 1.2% in females. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of presence of right and left temporal crest canal in males and females (p > 0.05). Conclusion: CIBT is an important radiological method for the detection of temporal crest canal. The rate of presence of temporal crest canal did not show a significant difference between genders.
Implementasi Pengabdian Masyarakat Berbasis Moderasi Beragama Di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Ilafi Mela Mahardika , Hidayah Rohmatul , Hidayat Rofiq
Published: March 2024

Pandemi covid-19 kini menjadi situasi yang mempengaruhi segala bidang baik sosial, pendidikan, politik serta agama. Belakangan ini, situasi pandemi dimanfaatkan beberapa pihak untuk kepentingan tertentu terutama tentang penguatan radikalisme yang banyak digaungkan melalui dunia digital. Moderasi beragama penting diterapkan terutama dimasa pandemi karena masih ada kelompok- kelompok tertentu yang tidak mau diatur atau tidak menerapkan protokol kesehatan dengan alasan takdir tuhan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan tentang pentingnya menjaga moderasi beragama di tengah pandemi covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan demi tercapainya moderasi beragama dan diterapkannya protokol kesehatan di era pandemi covid-19 berupa Webinar Nasional dengan tema “Menerapkan Moderasi Beragama Di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19” melalui aplikasi Zoom Meeting bagi tokoh masyarakat dan umum serta kegiatan pendukung lainnya. Program kerja Kuliah Kerja Nyata Daerah Asal (KKN-DA) yang dilaksanakan terkait upaya pencegahan Covid-19 dan berbasis moderasi beragama sudah terlaksana dengan cukup baik.
Kata Kunci: Moderasi Beragama; Pengabdian Masyarakat; Pandemi Covid-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has now become a situation that affects all fields, including social, educational, political and religious. Lately, the pandemic situation has been used by several parties for certain purposes, especially about regarding the strengthening of radicalism which widely echoes through the digital world. Religious moderation is important, especially during the pandemic because there are still certain groups who do not want to be regulated or do not apply health protocols on the grounds of divine destiny. This study aims to describe the importance of maintaining religious moderation during the covid-19 pandemic. The method used is descriptive qualitative method. Activities carried out to make religious moderation and the implementation of health protocols in the era of the covid-19 pandemic in the form of a National Webinar (Web Seminar) with the theme "Implementing Religious Moderation Amid the Covid-19 Pandemic" through the Zoom Meeting application for community leaders and the public as well as other supporting activities. The work program for the student study service (KKN-DA) which was carried out related to efforts to prevent Covid-19 and was based on religious moderation had been carried out quite well.
Keywords: Religious Moderation; Community Service; The Covid-19 Pandemic