bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical and Bioinformatic Studies of Citrus Flavonoids as Chemopreventive Agents Targeting GGPS1 for Liver Cancer
Authors: Wardani Ratih Kurnia , Rhamandana I Made , Gono Christina Mutiara Putri , Ikawati Muthi
Published: March 2022

Overexpression of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1 (GGPS1) is an unfavorable prognosis in liver cancer development. The side effects of therapeutic standards encourage the development of therapeutic agents from herbal materials. Citrus peels are rich of phytochemical compounds, especially citrus flavonoids, that possess cytotoxic activities. This study aimed to determine the potential of citrus flavonoids as chemopreventive agents targeting GGPS1 protein by phytochemical and bioinformatic studies. Dried peels of Citrus reticulata were extracted by hydrodynamic-cavitation method followed by identification of compounds using thin layer chromatography (TLC). The expression level of GGPS1 was obtained from UALCAN, while its correlation with survival rate was obtained from the GEPIA. Prediction models regarding the potential inhibitors of citrus peel compounds against GGPS1 were obtained through KNIME and ChEMBl, followed by literature studies on chemopreventive activity of citrus flavonoids. The molecular docking was used to predict the molecular interaction followed by tracking of target genes that were positively correlated with GGPS1 by SwissTargetPrediction. Yielded 75% (v/v), the extract positively contained citrus flavonoid with hesperidin as comparison. Overexpression of GGPS1 significantly reduced the survival rate of liver cancer patients (p value=0.019). Four citrus flavonoid compounds, namely tangeretin, nobiletin, hesperidin, and naringenin showed potential inhibition to GGPS1. The molecular docking showed that tangeretin had a strong affinity compared to the native ligand and zoledronic acid, as positive control. PARP1, CSNK2A1, TNKS2, and GSK3B were clarified as targeted genes for tangeretin and nobiletin that positively correlated with GPPS1. In vitro and in vivo studies will validate our findings and support the development of citrus peel extract with rich flavonoid contents as a chemopreventive agent.Keywords: geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1 (GGPS1), liver cancer, hydrodynamic-cavitation, citrus flavonoid, bioinformatic.
A Mini-Review: Possible Mechanisms of Hepatoprotective Effect of Aloe Vera Gel
Authors: Handayani Sri , Aprilia Dina , Nisa Khoirun , Rosyida Vita Taufika , Wulanjati Martha Purnami , Windarsih Anjar , Darsih Cici , Frediansyah Andri , Haryanti Sari
Published: March 2022

Protective agent for hepatotoxicity is still a great challenge in the management of liver diseases. Aloe vera is a beneficial plant that has been studied for food supplements, cosmetic and herbal medicine. Aloe vera contains many compounds which have a role in body health including polysaccharides, phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid, amino acid, and several minerals. There have been compelling evidences that natural phytochemicals and their derivatives have hepatoprotective activities. Information of the aloe vera and its mechanism of action for possible hepatoprotective activities, including in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies were obtained from Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google scholar search engines. This current review was focusing on the possible contribution of compounds inside aloe vera gel and the suggestion of its mechanism on protective effect, especially for liver. The complexity of monosaccharides composition, backbone structures, acetyl group, and molecular weight of aloe polysaccharides have possible correlations with its hepatoprotective effect. Most of the hepatoprotective mechanisms of aloe compounds are related to their protective effect against inflammation and oxidative stress. Several compounds may have combination effects or several targets lead to synergistic effects.Keywords: Aloe vera, food supplement, hepatoprotective, liver disease, mechanism of action.
Národní regulace aktivit v oblasti kosmických zdrojů
Authors: Pepřík Šimon
Published: March 2022

The aim of this article is to describe the national regulations regarding space recourse activities in selected countries. The list of countries includes major space-faring countries, Luxembourg for its progressive legislation, and the Czech Republic, European Space Agency and European Union for comparison.
The article presents an overview of the steps taken by each country in the field of space resources and discusses their current policies. Where they are not known, it is attempted to estimate them based on an analysis of publicly available documents and information. A conclusion is made presenting possible future development in space-faring countries as well as the direction of the international community.
Problematika zpracovávání DNA pro forenzní účely z pohledu ochrany osobních údajů
Authors: Lipanová Kateřina
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the topical issue of the current information age, related to the legal protection of genetic data as a special category of personal data. This article presents an analysis of the current legal regulation of DNA processing for forensic purposes in the context of the legal protection of genetic data. The processing of DNA profiles for forensic purposes is an issue to which the Office for Personal Data Protection has paid considerable attention, especially with regard to the constant topicality and sensitivity of this topic. Therefore, the article also focuses on the Office’s decision-making practice in matters of processing DNA profiles for forensic purposes in the light of the case law of administrative courts. The author considered both some particular consequences of the impact of current legal regulation as well as the subjective perception of these impacts.
The aim of the article is to contribute to raising the awareness about the risks of the processing of DNA profiles for forensic purposes based on the current legal regulation and to contribute to explaining the importance of applying the principle of proportionality as one of the key principles of personal data protection in the processing of genetic data. Based on the analysis, the article concludes that in the case of DNA processing for forensic purposes by the Czech Police, it is therefore necessary to balance the interest of the police and the general public in clarifying crime with the right to privacy, especially personal data protection, according to which the interference with personal rights must always be in proportion to the seriousness of the committed crime or criminal accusation.
Passenger demand forecasting for railway systems
Authors: Nar Melek , Arslankaya Seher
Published: March 2022

The rapid increase of the population and the number of motor vehicles brought about the transportation problem today. It has brought the efforts of the operators to determine the headway of the vehicles during the day in order to minimize the waiting times of the passengers at the stops and increase the satisfaction of the passengers, taking into account the passenger demand. Nowadays, especially during the current pandemic period (COVID-19), passenger demand forecasting becomes much more significant, so that measures can be taken and headway planning can be made to adjust the social distance by identifying the number of passengers in advance. In this study, the significance of demand forecasting in the railway sector is considered, and the study tackles the issue in two stages: on line and station basis that make the study different from others. In the first stage of the study, passenger demand forecasting is made on line basis with statistical techniques such as regression analysis and simple average, the mean absolute percentage error values are calculated and compared. Regression analysis is conducted with SPSS Statistics 21.0 programme. In the second stage of the study, passenger demand forecasting is made with artificial neural network and machine learning (ML) algorithms technique on station basis and the error values (mean absolute error, BIAS, mean squared error, mean absolute percentage error, and root mean squared error) are compared. As a result of the study, while the best demand forecasting method is simple average on line basis, it is seen that the most successful and reliable results for demand forecasting on station basis are obtained through decision tree, which is one of the ML algorithms.
Ultrafast carrier dynamics in terahertz photoconductors and photomixers: beyond short-carrier-lifetime semiconductors
Authors: Lu Ping-Keng , Fernandez Olvera Anuar de Jesus , Turan Deniz , Seifert Tom Sebastian , Yardimci Nezih Tolga , Kampfrath Tobias , Preu Sascha , Jarrahi Mona
Published: March 2022

Efficient terahertz generation and detection are a key prerequisite for high performance terahertz systems. Major advancements in realizing efficient terahertz emitters and detectors were enabled through photonics-driven semiconductor devices, thanks to the extremely wide bandwidth available at optical frequencies. Through the efficient generation and ultrafast transport of charge carriers within a photo-absorbing semiconductor material, terahertz frequency components are created from the mixing products of the optical frequency components that drive the terahertz device – a process usually referred to as photomixing. The created terahertz frequency components, which are in the physical form of oscillating carrier concentrations, can feed a terahertz antenna and get radiated in case of a terahertz emitter, or mix with an incoming terahertz wave to down-convert to DC or to a low frequency photocurrent in case of a terahertz detector. Realizing terahertz photoconductors typically relies on short-carrier-lifetime semiconductors as the photo-absorbing material, where photocarriers are quickly trapped within one picosecond or less after generation, leading to ultrafast carrier dynamics that facilitates high-frequency device operation. However, while enabling broadband operation, a sub-picosecond lifetime of the photocarriers results in a substantial loss of photoconductive gain and optical responsivity. In addition, growth of short-carrier-lifetime semiconductors in many cases relies on the use of rare elements and non-standard processes with limited accessibility. Therefore, there is a strong motivation to explore and develop alternative techniques for realizing terahertz photomixers that do not rely on these defect-introduced short-carrier-lifetime semiconductors. This review will provide an overview of several promising approaches to realize terahertz emitters and detectors without short-carrier-lifetime semiconductors. These novel approaches utilize p-i-n diode junctions, plasmonic nanostructures, ultrafast spintronics, and low-dimensional materials to offer ultrafast carrier response. These innovative directions have great potentials for extending the applicability and accessibility of the terahertz spectrum for a wide range of applications.
Evaluation of non-uniform water film behavior on the performance of an axial aeroengine compressor
Authors: Ishaque Ghulam , Zheng Qun , Ahmad Naseem , Luo Mingcong , Khushak Sanaullah
Published: March 2022

Two-phase flow CFD simulations are conducted to investigate the performance characteristics of an axial flow compressor operating under an excessive amount of water intrusion exposed to a rainy atmosphere. In order to obtain a certain compressor behavior under the water film irregularities, the blade surfaces are divided into a small number of regions depending on the film thickness. In addition, to examine the droplets interaction with rotating blades and splashing process, a self-compiled FORTRAN code has been used. The results showed that uneven roughening of blade surfaces is the effective technique to identify the deterioration in performance with irregular wall film thickness. The overall adiabatic efficiency and pressure ratio are decreased by 6% and 0.88 at a 5% water injection rate using an irregular rough wall model. Moreover, the increased wall film has adversely influenced the internal flow mechanism, which resulted the increase of passage shock intensity, entropy level within the main flow zone as well as the blade surface temperature.
Resiliente und wandlungsfähige Produktion von morgen
Authors: Borgmann Felix , Kalbe Nils , Günter Andreas
Published: March 2022

Heutige Produktionssysteme sind oft nicht in der Lage, die notwendige Resilienz und Wandlungsfähigkeit bereitzustellen, um auf dynamisch veränderliche Einflussfaktoren reagieren zu können. Die Steigerung dieser Zielgrößen stellt für viele Unternehmen eine Herausforderung dar. Die in diesem Beitrag vorgestellte Reifegradanalyse unterstützt die Evaluation des Status quo eines Produktionssystems und die Identifikation praxisrelevanter Anforderungen zur schrittweisen Entwicklung in Richtung einer Matrixproduktion.
Prefrontal Cortical Connectivity Mediates Locus Coeruleus Noradrenergic Regulation of Inhibitory Control in Older Adults
Authors: Tomassini Alessandro , Hezemans Frank H. , Ye Rong , Tsvetanov Kamen A. , Wolpe Noham , Rowe James B.
Published: March 2022

Response inhibition is a core executive function enabling adaptive behavior in dynamic environments. Human and animal models indicate that inhibitory control and control networks are modulated by noradrenaline, arising from the locus coeruleus. The integrity (i.e., cellular density) of the locus coeruleus noradrenergic system can be estimated from magnetization transfer (MT)-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in view of neuromelanin present in noradrenergic neurons of older adults. Noradrenergic psychopharmacological studies indicate noradrenergic modulation of prefrontal and frontostriatal stopping-circuits in association with behavioral change. Here, we test the noradrenergic hypothesis of inhibitory control, in healthy adults. We predicted that locus coeruleus integrity is associated with age-adjusted variance in response inhibition, mediated by changes in connectivity between frontal inhibitory control regions. In a preregistered analysis, we used MT MRI images fromN= 63 healthy humans aged above 50 years (of either sex) who performed a Stop-Signal Task (SST), with atlas-based measurement of locus coeruleus contrast. We confirm that better response inhibition is correlated with locus coeruleus integrity and stronger connectivity between presupplementary motor area (preSMA) and right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), but not volumes of the prefrontal cortical regions. We confirmed a significant role of prefrontal connectivity in mediating the effect of individual differences in the locus coeruleus on behavior, where this effect was moderated by age, over and above adjustment for the mean effects of age. Our results support the hypothesis that in normal populations, as in clinical settings, the locus coeruleus noradrenergic system regulates inhibitory control.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe show that the integrity of the locus coeruleus, the principal source of cortical noradrenaline, is related to the efficiency of response inhibition in healthy older adults. This effect is in part mediated by its effect on functional connectivity in a prefrontal cortical stopping-network. The behavioral effect, and its mediation by connectivity, are moderated by age. This supports the psychopharmacological and genetic evidence for the noradrenergic regulation of behavioral control, in a population-based normative cohort. Noradrenergic treatment strategies may be effective to improve behavioral control in impulsive clinical populations, but age, and locus coeruleus integrity, are likely to be important stratification factors.
Transformation of Civil Society in Poland under the United Right Government
Authors: Ślarzyński Marcin
Published: March 2022

Recent scholarship points to a growing political prominence of various non-liberal civil society organizations in many countries around the world. In Poland, this phenomenon is simultaneous with the emergence of political division in civil society driven by the policies of the United Right government. I argue that a wider historical perspective emphasizing reciprocal connections between civil society organizations and political parties helps to understand this recent surge. In Poland, the growing division in civil society builds upon the relationship between right-wing political parties and civil society organizations bound together since the beginning of the 1990s by the common vision of social memory. After taking power in 2015, the right-wing coalition in Poland centralized the supervision over the distribution of funds to civil society, providing financial support to organizations closer to its conservative agenda. At the same time, organizations that have been in frequent conflict with the right-wing government due to their main area of focus (human rights, anti-discrimination, women’s rights, environmental protection, and immigration) had limited access to government funding and were presented in a negative light by the government as well as its allied organizations and the state-controlled media. The argument in this article is based on secondary data about the organizational sphere of civil society and a case study of a set of right-wing civil society organizations, Gazeta Polska clubs.
Low-cost processing of pure and Al-doped capped ZnO nano powder for industry scale applications C
Authors:   Department of Physics, Sri Sai University, Palampur, HP, India, Mishra P. N. , Pathak D. ,   Department of Physics, Sri Sai University, Palampur, HP, India, Mishra P. K. ,   Department of Physics, Sri Sai University, Palampur, HP, India, Kumar V. ,   Department of Applied Science, CT institute of Technology and Management, Jalandhar, India
Published: March 2022

Zinc oxide and metal-doped oxides are multifunctional nanomaterials used in the Nano World due to their distinctive characteristics and unique physical and chemical properties such as extraordinary chemical stability, anti-corrosion, low electrons conductivity, a broad range of radiation absorption, high photo stability, and tremendous heat resistance. To synthesize zinc oxide and Al-doped ZnO nanostructures with the inexpensive sol-gel method is our research objective, further we aimed to analyse the characterization of undoped and Al-doped ZnO nanopowder. Al-doped zinc oxide with compositional formula AlxZn1-xO (x = 0, 2, 4, 6) was synthesized using Zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn (CH3COO)2. 2H2O) as a precursor, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and distilled water were used as a second-hand medium for the preparation of the solution. Ethanol (CH2COOH) served as a versatile intermediate and was used as a solvent. The X-ray diffraction peaks suggest a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure which matches with the pattern of the standard hexagonal structure of ZnO and Al-doped zinc oxide in all samples. X-ray diffraction result exhibits good crystallinity. The scanning electron microscopy images confirm the clear formation of spherical ZnO nanopowder and the change of the morphology of the nanopowder with the incorporation of the aluminium. The scanning electron microscopy results are in adjacent settlement with that estimated by the DebyeSheerer formula created on the X-ray diffraction pattern. The usual crystallite size of Aldoped zinc oxide decreases by an increase in Al concentration with capping without varying the temperature. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray analysis revealed that all samples crystallize in polycrystalline nature with wurtzite lattice. The result of energy dispersive x-ray analysis characterization shows that the ZnO nanopowders with no other main adulterated phase. Extant learning ventures this as a low-cost method for the synthesis of pure and capped Al-doped ZnO for industry scale applications.
Preparation of nanofluid-based Coolanol-20 containing carbon nanotubes and validation of its efficiency in enhancing thermal conductivity
Authors:   Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam, To A. D. , Phan N. M. ,   Institute of Materials Science (IMS), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), A2 Building, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 122102, Viet Nam, Bui H. T. ,   Institute of Materials Science (IMS), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), A2 Building, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 122102, Viet Nam
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we present the results obtained in the manufacturing and testing process of the thermal properties of nanofluid-based Coolanol-20 containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The presence of CNTs has improved thermal conductivity of the liquid, with a concentration of 1.0% vol CNTs showing an increase in thermal conductivity of 65%. To test the efficiency of the fluid, we have built a satellite model and a system that simulates the real working conditions of the satellite in space. Through our experiments, we have shown that Coolanol-20/CNTs has helped to improve heat exchange efficiency for components operating under harsh conditions.
Study on preparation and properties of PEG blend film
Authors:   College of Textile Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 450007, China, Zhang X. H. , Zhao J. J. ,   College of Textile Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 450007, China, Cao Q. L. ,   College of Textile Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 450007, China
Published: March 2022

PEG (Polyethylene glycol) of biodegradable polymer materials were used to prepare (1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt% and 7 wt%) PEG films. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was added to the PEG solution and mixed films with different mass fraction ratios of PEG/PVA (2:0.66, 2:2 and 2:6) were produced. Sericin (SS) was added to the PEG/PVA mixed solution to make PEG/PVA/SS mixed films with different mass fraction ratios (2:1:2, 1:5:2, 1:5:1, 2:5:1 and 1:1:1). The scanning electron microscope, film thickness measurement, tensile test and the swelling degree and dissolution loss rate test were used to analyze the mixed film. The research results showed that under the experimental conditions the PEG blend film had good film forming properties. The thickness of the blend film increased with the increase of solute mass fraction. The break strength of the PEG/PVA blend film increased with the increase of PVA mass fraction. The break strength, break stretch and break elongation of the PEG/PVA/SS blend film were all good and increased with the increase of PVA content. The results of swelling degree and dissolution loss rate showed that both PEG/PVA and PEG/PVA/SS blend films had good water-holding properties. The dissolution loss rate of blended films was less than 50% besides PEG/PVA (2:2) and PEG/PVA/SS (1:1:1) blend film.
First principles study the effect of Zn doped MgO on the energy band gap using GGA approximation
Authors:   Department of physics, college of science, University of Kirkuk, Iraq, Ghaleb A. M. , Munef R. A. ,   Department of physics, college of science, University of Kirkuk, Iraq, Mohammed S. F. ,   Department of Electricity, Technical Institute of Kirkuk, Iraq
Published: March 2022

The structural, electronic, and optical properties were investigated by performing firstprinciples calculations within the framework of density functional theory (DFT) for zincsaturated magnesium oxide (ZnxMg1−x O) with different concentrations of Zn (x = 0, 0.125, 0.375 and 0.5). The crystal structure used in this calculation was the cubic MgO with a space group of Fm-3m with a 2x1x1 supercell. An increase in the zinc concentration increased the lattice parameters of ZnxMg1−x O and reduced the band gap of the material. The absorption function and refractive index were improved with increasing doping concentration of Zn in the ZnxMg1−x O compared to pure MgO. In addition, this information could provide a direction in the fabrication of a good photo catalyst material.
Anaplastic thyroid cancer: genome-based search for new targeted therapy options
Authors: Hescheler Daniel Alexander , Hartmann Milan Janis Michael , Riemann Burkhard , Michel Maximilian , Bruns Christiane Josephine , Alakus Hakan , Chiapponi Costanza
Published: March 2022

Objective

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal human cancers with meager treatment options. We aimed to identify the targeted drugs already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for solid cancer in general, which could be effective in ATC.

Design

Database mining.

Methods

FDA-approved drugs for targeted therapy were identified by screening the databases of MyCancerGenome and the National Cancer Institute. Drugs were linked to the target genes by querying Drugbank. Subsequently, MyCancerGenome, CIViC, TARGET and OncoKB were mined for genetic alterations which are predicted to lead to drug sensitivity or resistance. We searched the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) for patients with ATC and probed their sequencing data for genetic alterations which predict a drug response.

Results

In the study,155 FDA-approved drugs with 136 potentially targetable genes were identified. Seventeen (52%) of 33 patients found in TCGA had at least one genetic alteration in targetable genes. The point mutation BRAF V600E was seen in 45% of patients. PIK3CA occurred in 18% of cases. Amplifications of ALK and SRC were detected in 3% of cases, respectively. Fifteen percent of the patients displayed a co-mutation of BRAF and PIK3CA. Besides BRAF-inhibitors, the PIK3CA-inhibitor copanlisib showed a genetically predicted response. The 146 (94%) remaining drugs showed no or low (under 4% cases) genetically predicted drug response.

Conclusions

While ATC carrying BRAF mutations can benefit from BRAF inhibitors and this effect might be enhanced by a combined strategy including PIK3CA inhibitors in some of the patients, alterations in BRAFWT ATC are not directly targeted by currently FDA-approved options.
Frequency, determinants and costs of thyroid function testing in a laboratory serving a large population
Authors: Javaid Usman , Kennedy David , Addison Caroline , Tsatlidis Vasileios , Razvi Salman
Published: March 2022

Objective

To assess the rationale and frequency of thyroid function testing and to analyse factors that influence serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels.

Patients, design and main outcome measures

Serum TSH levels were evaluated in a hospital laboratory serving a population of 604 000 in 2018. Patients on medications or with conditions affecting thyroid function were excluded. Frequency of thyroid function testing by age and sex was assessed and the relationship between serum TSH with potential predictor variables was analysed using ordinary least square regression analysis allowing for potential non-linearity.

Results

Twenty-eight percent of the local population had their thyroid function tested at least once in 2018 with significant differences by sex (28.2% women vs 23.4% men) and by age groups, with less than 2% of <16-year-old people and more than 50% of >80-year-old people being tested. Most of the symptoms commonly attributed to thyroid dysfunction were not higher in the thyroid dysfunction groups. Serum TSH levels were higher in older people particularly after the age of 60 years, in women (by 0.1 mIU/L), during the early hours of the morning, and in winter and spring seasons. There was remarkable uniformity in the frequency of subclinical thyroid dysfunction, as well as substantial cost savings, if TSH reference intervals were recalculated across sexes, age groups, time-periods and seasons.

Conclusions

Serum TSH is frequently tested in the population but is not a good discriminant of symptoms attributed to thyroid dysfunction. Furthermore, considering the influence of factors on TSH reference limits could significantly impact patient care and resource utilisation.
Estudio de las lesiones de la selección masculina absoluta española de fútbol (2008-2015)
Authors: Celada O.L. , García-Cota J. , Herrero-González H. , Martínez-Rodríguez, R. , Galán-del-Rio F. , Rodríguez-Iñigo E. , Fernández-Jaén T.F. , Fortoul-García M.P. , Guillen-García P. , Lopez-Alcorocho J.M.
Published: March 2022

La Incidencia Lesional (IL) se define como el número de lesiones por 1.000 horas de exposición. El objetivo fue determinar la IL y los posibles factores que pudieran tener alguna influencia en las lesiones en los jugadores de la selección española de fútbol masculina absoluta de 2008 a 2015. Durante este periodo se convocaron 85 jugadores. El tiempo de exposición fue de 10.450 horas de las que 8.800 correspondían a entrenamiento y 1.650 horas a competición. El IL fue 7,46 lesiones por 1.000 horas de exposición correspondiendo el 76,9% a partidos de competición y el resto a entrenamientos. Las lesiones musculares fueron las más frecuentes (52,4%). La severidad de la lesión estaba relacionada con la posición del jugador y con el mecanismo lesional. En conclusión, la selección española absoluta de fútbol presentó un IL en la media de otros equipos de la élite del fútbol mundial.
Efecto de la orientación de las tareas de entrenamiento en fútbol femenino
Authors: Ponce-Bordón J.C. , López-Gajardo M.A. , Leo F.M. , Pulido J.J. , García-Calvo T.
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar si la modificación de las tareas de entrenamiento, en concreto la orientación del espacio, tiene consecuencias en los diferentes parámetros que identifican la carga de trabajo en el fútbol femenino. En el estudio participaron 18 jugadoras de fútbol femenino (M = 21.89; DT = 6.20), que realizaron dos sesiones con cuatro tareas cada una. Las tareas estaban contrabalanceadas para cada sesión para evitar el efecto del orden de las mismas. Se utilizaron GPS Polar Team Pro para medir la carga física y cuestionarios para la carga mental. Para comparar los resultados de cada sesión se llevó a cabo una prueba T de medidas relacionadas. Los resultados muestran que la carga física fue mayor en las tareas donde no hubo orientación, al igual que la carga mental. Por tanto, el espacio en el que se desarrollan las tareas de entrenamiento resulta determinante en la carga mental percibida en fútbol femenino.
Trabajo asalariado en el monocultivo de piña en la Región Huetar Norte
Authors: Acuña Alvarado Marylaura , Salgado Ramírez Moisés
Published: March 2022

Introducción

Costa Rica se posiciona como el principal exportador de piña en el mundo, sin embargo este monocultivo ha generado diversas consecuencias socio-ambientales. Entre las afectaciones sociales, se destaca la explotación laboral de personas en condiciones migratorias irregulares en las plantaciones de piña en la zona norte del país.

Objetivo

La ponencia busca presentar algunos hallazgos en torno al mundo del trabajo asalariado en el monocultivo de piña en las comunidades de Medio Queso y Santa Fe de Los Chiles.

Método

Estos resultados surgen de un proceso de investigación enmarcado en un proyecto de acción social de la Universidad de Costa Rica, dedicado al acompañamiento organizativo en comunidades que enfrentan conflictos socio-ambientales. El proyecto se desarrolló con una metodología participativa y aunado a esto se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad y observaciones participantes.

Resultados

La ponencia presenta una descripción de la expansión piñera en las comunidades, así como la organización sindical y comunitaria presente en estos territorios. Asimismo, se aportan algunos elementos que caracterizan el momento de creación del valor del trabajo en la etapa de producción y los mecanismos contractuales presentes en las empresas piñeras estudiadas. Aunado a esto, se identifican los procesos de desplazamiento de trabajadores(as) migrantes y de las formas de reproducción de la fuerza laboral.
Posturas “antipornografía” y “anticensura” en el feminismo. Una reflexión sobre sus diferencias y similitudes
Authors: Alpízar Lobo Natasha
Published: March 2022

Introducción

En el presente ensayo se plantea una discusión sobre tendencias “antipornografía” y “anticensura” en la pornografía. Se señalan algunas diferencias entre ambas, pero el aporte central será el señalamiento de proximidades en tanto ambas líneas conciben la pornografía como imagen u objeto (acabado), en donde no hay una trascendencia en la forma de comprensión.

Objetivo

El objetivo principal es comparar y describir dos de los posicionamientos más importantes cuando se ha tratado de pensar e investigar la pornografía desde el feminismo.

Método

Se realizó una sistematización de referencias clásicas y contemporáneas en el gestor de referencias Mendeley y para su categorización más en profundidad se trabajó con un documento en Excel. 

Resultados

Por lo general las referencias académicas consultadas insisten en las diferencias sociohistóricas, en las nociones sobre sexualidad y pornografía que hay entre las posturas “antipornografía” y “anticensura” en el feminismo. No obstante, rara vez se problematizan las similitudes y continuidades entre sí, las cuales están asociadas a la ubicación de la pornografía como imagen u objeto.

Conclusión

En el cierre, el ensayo propone que es necesaria una lectura la pornografía como proceso relacional en constante despliegue (inacabado), no simplemente como imagen u objeto.
Desastres en Argentina: un análisis de preferencias y percepciones (2017-2019)
Authors: González Fernando Antonio Ignacio , London Silvia
Published: March 2022

Introducción

Los desastres constituyen uno de los mayores desafíos que enfrenta la humanidad. Las percepciones respecto a estos eventos extremos y sus consecuencias afectan ampliamente el diseño e implementación de políticas públicas de adaptación y mitigación.

Objetivo principal

Analizar los determinantes de preferencias y percepciones sobre los desastres en Argentina (2017-2019).

Método y técnica

Se emplean dos ondas de una encuesta de opinión pública (N=3056) realizadas en 2017 y 2019. Se consideran determinantes socio-económicos y subjetivos y se procede con un análisis de regresión. Los resultados de interés incluyen la percepción de la probabilidad de morir a causa de un desastre, la preferencia hacia un mayor gasto público en viviendas más seguras y la preferencia hacia priorizar la protección ambiental o el crecimiento económico.

Resultados

Los resultados sugieren que las privaciones materiales del hogar, la provincia de residencia (Mendoza, San Juan y Santa Fe, en particular) y haber estado expuesto previamente a desastres, afectan significativamente la percepción sobre los desastres. En el mismo sentido, la confianza en la comunidad y la percepción sobre la facilidad de recibir beneficios públicos en caso de necesitarlos constituyen determinantes subjetivos relevantes.

Conclusión

En el actual contexto de cambio climático los hallazgos de este trabajo constituyen un insumo para la elaboración e implementación de políticas de preparación y mitigación frente a desastres. En este sentido, entender qué experiencias o factores socio-económicos afectan las preferencias hacia la protección ambiental es de vital importancia.
Multisectorialidad, sujetos y saberes en talleres de formación política de movimientos populares
Authors: Palumbo Maria Mercedes
Published: March 2022

Introducción

La condición multisectorial de los movimientos populares, pese a su relevancia, ha sido débilmente indagada en la literatura especializada, en términos de sus efectos internos en los distintos espacios y momentos que conforman la vida militante. Los talleres de formación política operan como un analizador de las vinculaciones entre la dimensión epistémica y la multisectorialidad en los movimientos.

Objetivo

Por ello, en este artículo nos proponemos realizar una lectura de la dimensión epistémica de los talleres de formación política de movimientos populares del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se analizan dos talleres de formación de base que adoptaron una modalidad textual con el fin de atender a su condición multisectorial.

Método

Se llevó adelante una investigación cualitativa con base en un estudio de casos múltiples. Los datos se recogieron a través de una triangulación de técnicas: observación participante en los talleres y entrevistas en profundidad a sus participantes.

Resultados

Se encontraron significaciones y apropiaciones subjetivas diferenciales sobre los aportes de saberes y las concepciones de los sujetos del saber y del no-saber. Lo anterior, en función de los tipos de militantes involucrados en la formación, según sean coordinadores, militantes de apoyo, destinatarios «compañeros de los barrios» o destinatarios de clase media universitaria.

Conclusiones

El análisis de la condición multisectorial resulta relevante al visibilizar el desafío que supone para los movimientos populares la construcción de un proyecto colectivo de transformación social que considere la pluralidad de saberes y sujetos militantes.
Sujeto indígena y masculinidad: un diálogo sobre las intersecciones entre género y etnia
Authors: Gutiérrez Jonathan Ojeda , Cortés Carreño José Cruz Jorge
Published: March 2022

Introducción: Los estudios sobre masculinidades en América Latina han diversificado sus ejes temáticos y uno de ellos es el relacionado con temas etno-raciales. Este artículo presenta un análisis sobre la masculinización del sujeto indígena, tema que necesita atenderse y discutirse en articulación con otros corpus teóricos para comprender que etnia y género son categorías relacionadas y vinculadas a procesos históricos.

Objetivo: El objetivo es presentar una propuesta para ampliar las interpretaciones sobre la masculinización del sujeto indígena, esto al realizar un abordaje relacional entre género y etnia, categorías primarias en la construcción social y subjetiva de las masculinidades.

Método: Se elabora un ejercicio hermenéutico desde el enfoque de género, para ahondar en el acto interpretativo sobre la comprensión de las masculinidades indígenas como una construcción social, histórica y compleja. Se hace énfasis en la historicidad para tener una aproximación situada que permita explicar que la construcción genérica del sujeto tiene reminiscencia de la historia que se manifiesta en el presente.

Resultados: Se destaca que el estudio de las masculinidades indígenas requiere de un diálogo con otras propuestas teóricas para ampliar su comprensión. Dentro de estas se encuentran, por ejemplo, el feminismo decolonial o la interseccionalidad, para tener una aproximación situada del fenómeno de la masculinidad.

 [Continúe leyendo en el artículo]
Metode Penafsiran Kontemporer Abid Al-Jabiri
Authors: Niam Aulan
Published: March 2022

Abid Al-Jabiri is a character who was born in the middle of the 20th century in Morocco, a country that develops cultures of modernity. This certainly makes it a historical fact that Abid Al-Jabiri is a thinker who lives in the midst of a family that is fanatical about modernity. Departing from this fact, Abid Al-Jabiri became a person who knew deeply about how modernity developed. In his journey Abid Al-Jabiri received a lot of knowledge and wrote many phenomenal works. One of the sciences he studied was Tafsir Al-Qur'an, in which he produced a work which later became the subject of discussion by many researchers. This paper seeks to provide an overview of what Abid Al-Jabi's thoughts related to methods and practices related to observations in the Qur'an. The study used library research methods, then analyzed using descriptive-analytical models. From this model, a result is found that Abid Al-Jabiri gives an idea that in an effort to limit the Qur'an it cannot be separated from the historical aspects of the verses of the Qur'an. This is based on the fact that the verses of the Qur'an were not revealed to the Arabs regardless of the customs and culture that developed at that time. But besides all that, the textual side of the verse must be peeled first so that the information contained in the verse is conveyed in full. In this case, A Al-Jabiri expressed the idea that the bidding of the Qur'an must also consider the historical side of the verses of the Qur'an.
اللغة العربية ودورها في تفسير الطحاوي نموذجا (دراسة وصفية تحليلية)
Authors: Hasan Moh Abdul Kholiq
Published: March 2022

إنه لا ينبغي لأحد أن يتصدى لتفسير القرآن ما لم تتحقق له أهلية التفسير. ومن بينها معرفة فنون اللغة العربية من صرفها ونحوها، وبلاغتها. وقد كان الإمام أبو جعفر الطحاوي واسع المعرفة متعدد العلم والثقافة. و قد تبوّأ مكانة سامية بين العلماء وجعلوه من أئمة اللغة والنحو، وبالتالي فإن هذه الثقافة اللغوية الواسعة تمكنه وتؤهله لهذه المهمة العظيمة، وهي تفسير كتاب الله عز وجل. ويهدف هذا البحث معرفة دور اللغة العربية ومكانتها في تفسير أبي جعفر الطحاوي وعنايته بها مستخدما منهج البحث الوصفي التحليلي من خلال تتبع واستقراء القضايا اللغوية الواردة في تفسيره أحكام القرآن الكريم. وقد توصلت النتائج إلى أن اللغة العربية لها دور مهم ومكانة عظيمة في تفسير الإمام الطحاوي و قد جعلها من أسس تفسيره. ويظهر ذلك من خلال تناوله القضايا اللغوية والمسائل النحوية، تخدم من جملتها الغرض الذي توخاه في تفسيره، وهو استنباط الأحكام والمسائل الفقهية. ومن بين تلك القضايا اللغوية هي الاشتقاق، و الاشتراك، و النحو والإعراب، والاستشهاد على المعنى اللغوي بالقرآن والسنة، والاستشهاد بالشعر وأقوال علماء اللغة. وتظهر من خلال هذا البحث قدرته العلمية وثقافته الواسعة في مجال اللغة العربية
Larangan Bertempat Tingal Di Wilayah Non Muslim (Studi Takhrij dan Pemahaman Hadis)
Authors: Fauzan Agusri
Published: March 2022

Modern life which is characterized by globalization makes the flow of human movement from one place to another easier, more effective, and efficient. The world is becoming smaller and it is easier to enter any area in the corner of the earth. Likewise, the choices that arise for humans to live, work, do business, study, travel and so on. Of all regions on this earth, not all of them are inhabited by Muslim-majority communities, but more non-Muslim-majority communities. So this study aims to see the status and understanding of the prophet's hadith about the prohibition of living in non-Muslim communities in the present context. This paper is the result of a literature study, which is the result of tracking several literatures related to the themes discussed. The method used in this paper is a qualitative research method that is descriptive and interpretive through a historical approach. The results of the study conclude that this hadith is ahad and is valid and can be used as evidence. The understanding of this hadith contains a prohibition for Muslims to live in non-Muslim countries due to war between Muslims and non-Muslim countries, great difficulties that cause a Muslim to be unable to fulfill his obligations, and affect a lifestyle that causes a Muslim to have no difference with other people. non-muslim. This prohibition does not apply if the non-Muslim country is safe, there is no difficulty in worshiping and fulfilling obligations as a Muslim, and can show the identity and lifestyle of a Muslim.
Interpretation Of Al-Qur'an In The Disruption Era: Reversing Roles Of Ulum Al-Qur’an
Authors: AM Rusydi , Idris Mhd.
Published: March 2022

This study aims to find out the important rules in interpreting the Qur'an. The Qur'an is the Muslim holy book, but the Qur'anic guide is not only for Muslims but for all humanity without exception. This is the meaning of hudan linnas. To carry out this strategic function, we must interpret the Qur'an with many conditions, such as Arabic, knowledge of the Qur'an (ulum al-qur'an), hadith, ushul fiqh, science and so on. These are the fundamental and essential foundations of the interpretation of the Qur'an. Today, interpreters sometimes do not obey these basics and lead people to the wrong path. For that reason, there are three things that intersect each other in the understanding and interpretation of the Qur'an by a mufassir, namely: mastering the rules of the Arabic language, understanding that a verse interprets other verses and masters the principle of munasabah.
Interpretasi Semiotika Loyalitas Suami Isteri Dalam Q.S. Al-Lahab
Authors: Jendri Jendri , Kalsum Ummi
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to describe (tell) about the loyalty of husband and wife contained in the letter al-Lahab using the semiotic approach introduced by Roland Barthes. This study uses amethodology (library researchlibrary research), and is qualitative in nature, because data collection is obtained using textual analysis contained in the letter al-Lahab. As for the results of this study are the first in the first level heuristic study contained in QS. al-Lahab verses 1-5 are of moral significance, namely the loyalty of sumai and wife. The two  retroactive readings in Surat al-Lahab are about ugliness so that they lead to loss, humiliation and destruction. The third then the philosophical values are found to be the most important lessons in the interpretation of QS. al-Lahab, it is the wife's loyalty and devotion to her husband and also the husband's loyalty to his wife. But it exemplifies partner loyalty on the downside. That's why QS content. al Lahab condemns both.
Al-Tafsîr Al-Kabîr: Penafsiran Maudhu’i Ibnu Taymiyyah Dalam Balutan Tahliliy
Authors: Rezi Muhamad
Published: March 2022

Not many people know the book Tafsir al-Kabîyr as people know the author Ibn Taymiyyah and his other works. It could be seeming from the lack of this book as a reference in the study of Qur’an and Tafsir. In fact, it was Ibn Taymiyyah who initiated the Tafsir bil-ma'tsur method used by his student Ibn Kathir. But Tafsir al-Kabîr is in fact not as complete and well-known as Ibn Kathir's Tafsir. This could be due to the incomplete verses that are interpreted in the book. This article aims to describe the book Tafsir al-Kabîr Ibn Taymiyyah and explore Ibn Taymiyyah's style of discussion in Tafsir al-Kabîr by describing several examples. This type of research is literature research with analytical content analysis and descriptive-analytical approaches. In his Tafsir, Ibn Taymiyyah interpreted them thematically but then collected the explanations in the order of the manuscripts which impressed Tahliliy. Substantively, Ibn Taymiyyah's interpretation in Tafsir al-Kabîr is not as detailed as he did as he formulated the Muqaddimat fi Ushul al-Tafsir book. Ibn Taymiyyah, only relates the diction of the verse which is his focus and is discussed linguistically. Ibnu Taymiyyah also quoted several related Hadiths. However, the discussion of ideas and ideology that Ibn Taymiyyah usually does is not seen in his many explanations in his other works.
How gambling motives are associated with socio-demographics and gambling behavior - A Finnish population study
Authors: Hagfors Heli , Castrén Sari , Salonen Anne H.
Published: March 2022

Background and aims

The aims were to examine how socio-demographics and gambling behavior relate to both primary and additional gambling motives, and whether the gambling motives change during a one-year-period.

Methods

The Finnish Gambling Harms Survey data was used. Gambling motives were measured with a categorical question. Gambling severity was measured using the Problem and Pathological Gambling Measure (PPGM). Using the first-wave data including only past-year gamblers (n =5,684), five logistic regression models were utilized to explore the associations of gambling motives with socio-demographics and gambling behavior. The stability of gambling motives was assessed with McNemar’s test using longitudinal data (n= 2,078).

Results

Gambling for positive feeling was associated with younger age, high income, high gambling involvement and at-risk gambling. Monetary motive was associated with female gender, high gambling involvement, online or mixed-mode and at-risk gambling. Supporting worthy causes was associated with older age, monthly and weekly gambling, and land-based gambling. Socializing was associated with younger age and gambling occasionally on land-based venues with multiple game types. Finally, the motive to escape was intensified among 25–34-year-olds, homemakers, and those with high gambling involvement and at-risk or problem gambling. Gambling motives remained relatively stable for one year.

Discussion and conclusions

Gender and age profiles varied in different motives. Positive feeling, socializing and escape motive was heightened among younger respondents while supporting worthy causes was heightened among the oldest. Women gambled for money more often than men. Escape motive was associated with problem gambling. Longer follow-up is needed to confirm the longitudinal results.