bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of Fezolinetant in moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sabra Hamdy Khaled , Fayoud Aya M , Elsebaie Mai Alaaeldin Temraz , Hamad Mohammad , Siddiq Abdelmonem , Kereet Ibraheem M. , Elshnoudy Iman Abdelhady , Shalma Noran Magdy , Elewidi Mariam Mahmoud Mohamed
Published: September 2023

Fezolinetant has emerged as a potential treatment by targeting neurokinin B (NKB) signalling disruption and Kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin (KNDy) neuron activation in the hypothalamus. We aim to evaluate Fezolinetant's efficacy and safety in treating menopause-related VMS. We searched on PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Cochrane till June 19th, 2023. All relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. Our review included all studies that evaluate the efficacy and safety of Fezolinetant. Data were extracted and pooled using Review Manager Software (RevMan version 5.3). The meta-analysis of six studies showed Fezolinetant's significant improvement in vasomotor symptoms (VMSs) compared to placebo in most of the outcomes. Fezolinetant reduces VMS frequency, with mean differences (MDs) of -2.66 (4 weeks) and − 2.46 (12 weeks). VMS severity becomes better, particularly with Fezolinetant 30 mg (MD -0.16, -0.20) and Fezolinetant 45 mg (MD -0.23, -0.29). Additionally, Fezolinetant enhances outcomes in GCS vasomotor symptoms score (MD -2.53, -3.65) and HFRDIS score (MD -1.85, -1.71). PROMIS SD SF 8b reveals favorable results with Fezolinetant 30 mg (MD -1.15, -0.61) and Fezolinetant 45 mg (MD -2.25, -1.55). Regarding the MENQoL total score, Fezolinetant 30 mg (MD -0.45, -0.33) and Fezolinetant 45 mg (MD -0.57, -0.48) show improvement. The favorable tolerability and safety of Fezolinetant make it a promising therapy option for post-menopausal women with VMSs.
Achieving extreme stiffness for beam-plate-shell-combined lattice metamaterial through a multilayer strategy and topology optimization
Authors: Du Jianbin , Liu Yang , Wang Yongzhen , Ren Hongyuan , Meng Zhiqiang , Chen Xueqian , Li Zuyu , Wang Liwei , Chen Wei , Wang Yifan
Published: September 2023

Metamaterials composed of different geometrical primitives have different properties. Corresponding to the fundamental geometrical forms of line, plane, and surface, beam-, plate-, and shell-based cellular lattice metamaterials enjoy many advantages in many aspects, respectively. To fully exploit the advantages of each structural archetype, we propose a multilayer strategy and topology optimization technique to design cellular lattice metamaterial in this study. Under the frame of the multilayer strategy, the design space is enlarged, and the design freedom is increased. Topology optimization is applied to explore better designs in the larger design space. Beam-plate-shell-combined metamaterials automatically emerge from the optimization to achieve extreme stiffness. Benefiting from high stiffness, energy absorption performances of optimized results also demonstrate substantial improvements under large geometrical deformation. The multilayer strategy and topology optimization can also bring a series of tunable dimensions for cellular lattice design, which helps achieve desired mechanical properties, such as isotropic elasticity and functionally grading material property, and superior performances in acoustic tuning, electrostatic shielding, and fluid field tuning. We envision that a broad array of novel synthetic and composite metamaterials with unprecedented performance can be designed with the multilayer strategy and topology optimization.
First report on floral morphology, pollen release dynamics and behavioral biology of Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) frontalis (Olivier, 1789) in Crotalaria juncea L. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)
Authors: Polizelli-Ricci Nícolas Alberto , Agostini Kayna
Published: September 2023

Pollination is a clear example of an ecosystem service that provides benefits to people. Over 87.5% of the world flowering plants have been estimated to be pollinated by animals, and about one-third of global food volume produced depends on them. Our goals were to characterize for the first-time details about a) floral morphology, b) pollen release dynamics, c) behavioral biology in Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) frontalis(Olivier, 1789) bees and their influence on the reproduction of green manure Crotalaria juncea L. We used male and female floral reproductive structures for scanning electron microscope. We collected all pollen grains of different anther morphologies. The pollen viability was obtained by acetic carmine dye test at 2%. We used four controlled tests (spontaneous self-pollination, a single, two and three visits – n = 30 floral buds to all) to evaluate pollen limitation in the crop. Keel blossom morphology in C. juncea allowed their opening and exposing the reproductive structures during X. frontalisforaging. There was statistical difference in the number of pollen grains between anther morphologies, as well as pollen viability. The rates of fruit and seed set were significantly higher as the number of visits by X. frontalisincreased. Seed abortions occurred mainly in the basal position (n = 93), followed by the median (n = 58) and apical (n = 53). We concluded that pollinators can be useful for agricultural crops increasing fruit and seed production. Information about X. frontalis contribution to pollination will be useful to greenhouse and outdoor growers.
Investigating the efficiency of coagulation processes, chemical flocculation combined with aeration, multi-layer filter, and disinfection by UV to improve the quality and reuse of industrial wastewater
Authors: Esteki Razieh , Ehrampoush Mohammad Hassan , Nasab Habibeh , Ebrahimi Ali Asghar
Published: September 2023

Background: Reuse of wastewater is one of the ways to develop water resources. In addition to the need for drinking water, many industries also need high-quality water in the production line. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigate the advanced treatment of the wastewater treatment plant of Morche Khort industrial town using the processes of coagulation, flocculation with aeration, multi-layer filter, and disinfection by ultraviolet radiation to increase the quality of wastewater and reuse it in industries.
Methods: In this study, to investigate the effect of coagulation and flocculation units along with aeration, filtration, and disinfection by ultraviolet rays (UV), on the quality of the secondary effluent from the wastewater treatment plant of Morche Khort industrial town, they were operated on a pilot scale. Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) was used as a coagulant. Layering of three layers of sand filter, from bottom to top including granulated silica at a height of 10 cm, sand at a height of 20 cm, and activated carbon at a height of 70 cm was used. The input and output sampling points of each unit were considered. By repeating twice in five stages of flow rates of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 (L/min), the samples were collected to measure COD, TSS, TDS, turbidity, PH, hardness, total coliform, and fecal coliform.
Results: Jartest test results showed that Alum coagulant works almost the same as poly aluminum chloride (PAC) in removing turbidity, but the efficiency of removing organic substances by PAC coagulant is higher than that of Alum at lower doses. The results of this study showed that the efficiency of the coagulation and flocculation process in removing turbidity, COD, TSS, TDS, and fat was 88.56%, 66.46%, 38%, 23.19%, 91.43%, and 97.23% respectively is. In the current study, the results of the wastewater entering the sand filter showed that the percentage of removal efficiency with a loading rate of one liter per minute was 93.16%, 56.84%, and 50% for turbidity, TSS, COD, TDS, heavy metals, and fat, respectively. , 5.67%, 55.45%, 33.44% were observed. The amount of TDS removal in the sand filter unit was observed to be 4%. In the UV disinfection unit, the removal efficiency percentage with a loading rate of 1 liter per minute for COD, TSS, turbidity, hardness, total coliform, and fecal coliform was 16%, 3.45%, 3.58%, 5.21%, 88% respectively. 99.98% and 98.37% were observed.
Conclusion: Coagulation and flocculation system - multi-layer filter and disinfection can remove chemical-physical and microbial parameters to an acceptable level for using water in advanced purification systems and also for irrigation.
Bone formation in large/moderate gap after immediate implantation in response to different treatments: a pre-clinical study in the canine posterior mandible
Authors: Zhang YiWen , Wu Jing , Yang Qiutong , Zhou Yong , Wang Mohan , Zhang Zhiyuan , Zou Duohong
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study aims to investigate different treatments on new bone formation around immediate implants in the canine posterior mandible with varying sized mesial-distal gap.
Materials and methods: The 4th premolar and the 1st molar of six Labrador dogs were extracted from the mandible, and 4 dental implants were placed 1 mm below the level of the buccal bone crest. Moderate/large mesial-distal gaps between the implants and the sockets were treated with one of four methods and divided into the following groups: (1) the blank group, (2) the collagen membrane (CM) group, (3) the deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) group, and (4) the DBBM+CM group. Sequential fluorescent labeling was performed at 4, 8, and 10 weeks after the operation. After 12 weeks, the dogs were euthanized, and specimens were collected for micro-CT scanning and histological analysis.
Results: The survival rate of immediate implant was 100%. Micro-CT showed significant differences in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume fraction (BVF) among groups (P = 0.040, P = 0.009); other indicators were not significantly different among groups. Histological analysis showed the proportion of new bone formation and bone-to-implant contact were not significantly different among groups. No significant difference in bone reduction height around dental implant among four groups and varied mesial-distal gap size.
Conclusion: Owing to the restricted sample size, this pilot study lacks conclusive findings. Within the limitation, this study demonstrated that although DBBM significantly increase BMD and BVF, the use of DBBM/CM didn’t significantly improve bone formation and healing in extraction sockets around the implants in both moderate and large mesial-distal gap.
Clinical Relevance: The use of deproteinized bovine bone in conjunction with collagen is a common practice in immediate implantation procedures in the posterior mandible. However, there is a lack of conclusive evidence regarding the timing and circumstances under which they should be employed.
Strategies to enhance indigenous men’s support for utilisation of LARCs among women in Kiboga and Rubanda districts in Uganda
Authors: Arineitwe Ronald Kibonire , Mphuthi DAVID Ditaba
Published: September 2023

Globally, unintended pregnancies pose a significant public health concern, affecting several women in low- and middle-income nations, with an estimated annual incidence of 74 million. The African continent is responsible for around 25% of unwanted pregnancies worldwide. Unintended pregnancies may result in many health-related issues for both mothers and children including deaths. The use of family planning methods, especially long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs), is one of the effective approaches to mitigating maternal mortality, especially those resulting from effects of unplanned pregnancies. The LARCs help women delay pregnancies and enable them to have longer birth intervals between childbirths but the uptake of those methods in Uganda, is hindered by the lack of men’s support. The aim of this qualitative research study was to gain insight into the perceptions and belief systems of indigenous Ugandan men living in the Rubanda and Kiboga districts of Uganda on the use of LARCs to develop appropriate strategies for increasing male support of methods. Purposive sampling was used to select 50 participants for focus group interviews and individual interviews and 25 participants for individual interviews. The participants were exclusively married men or those in with female sexual partners between the ages of 20 and 49 years. Semi-structured interview guide for both in-depth individual and focus group interviews were used. Data analysis was done by transcribing the interviews, sorting the field notes, organizing, and storing the data, listening to recordings, and reading field notes for patterns related to the perceptions. The patterns were coded and categorised to build the theme emerging on the phenomenon. The study established negative perceptions and belief systems among rural indigenous Ugandan men regarding the use of LARCs by their wives, which acted as barriers to utilisation. These included fear of side effects, desires, and cultural and religious beliefs. The study recommended four strategies to address negative perceptions and belief systems. They include strengthening Social Behavioural Change Communication (SBCC)and LARCs service delivery to address the perception and beliefs resulting from limited knowledge and poor service delivery for LARCs.
Rotational Stability of Monofocal and Diffractive Multifocal Toric Intraocular Lenses with Identical Design and Material: A Propensity Score Based Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: Shi Runhan , Ma Dongmei , Zeng Qiulin , Hua Zhixiang , Shen Wenqian , Cai Lei , Yang Jin
Published: September 2023

Purpose
To compare the rotational stability of a monofocal and a diffractive multifocal toric intraocular lenses with identical design and material.
Methods
This prospective study enrolled patients who underwent plate-haptic toric IOL (AT TORBI 709 M and AT LISA 909 M) implantation. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance baseline factors. Follow-up examinations were conducted at 1 hour, 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. A linear mixed model of repeated measures was used to investigate the changes in IOL rotation over time. A 2-week timeframe was utilized to assess differences in IOL rotation between the two groups.
Result
After PSM, a total of 126 eyes were selected from each group for further analysis. Postoperatively, the time course of IOL rotation change in the two groups remained consistent, with the greatest rotation occurring between 1 hour and 1 day postoperatively. At the 2-week postoperative mark, the monofocal toric IOL exhibited a higher degree of rotation compared to the multifocal toric IOL (5.40 ± 7.77° vs. 3.53 ± 3.54°, P = 0.015). In LT ≥ 4.5mm and WTW ≥ 11.6mm subgroups, the monofocal toric IOL rotated greater than the multifocal toric IOL (P = 0.026 and P = 0.011, respectively).
Conclusion
The diffractive multifocal toric IOL exhibits superior rotational stability compared to the monofocal toric IOL, especially in subgroups LT ≥ 4.5 mm and WTW ≥ 11.6 mm. Moreover, the time course of IOL rotation change is consistent for both, with the maximum rotation occurring between 1 hour and 1 day postoperatively.
CD8 + CD103 + T cells Regulate CD4 + T-Cell–Mediated Pathogenesis in Experimental Murine Dry Eye
Authors: Ouyang Weijie , Zheng Xiaoxiang , Liu Zuguo , Zhang Xiaobo
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To investigate the regulatory effects of CD8+CD103+ T cells on CD4+ T-Cell-mediated pathogenesis in experimental murine dry eye.Methods. Adoptive transfer of CD8+CD103+ T cells or vehicle control was performed in mice subjected to desiccating stress (DS). The phenol red cotton test was used to measure tear production, and Oregon-green-dextran (OGD) staining was performed to assess corneal epithelial barrier function. PAS staining was used to quantify conjunctival goblet cells. Immunofluorescent staining and q RT-PCR were used to assess the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -3 and − 9 in corneal epithelium. Apoptosis in ocular surface was assessed by TUNEL and activation of caspase-3 and − 8. CD4+ T-cell–mediated immunity was evaluated by CD4+ T cells infiltration and production of T helper (Th) cytokines including interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-13, and IL-17A in conjunctiva and cervical lymph nodes (CLN).Results. Adoptive transfer of CD8+CD103+ T cells increased tear production, decreased goblet cell loss and improved corneal barrier function in mice subjected to DS. Adoptive transfer of CD8+CD103+ T cells suppressed the expression of MMP-3 and − 9 in corneal epithelium and apoptosis in ocular surface. In addition, CD8+ CD103+T cells treatment decreased CD4+ T cells infiltration with decreased production of IFN-γ and IL-17A and increased production of IL-13 in both the conjunctiva and CLN.Conclusions. CD8+CD103+ T cells could alleviate epithelial damage and CD4+ T-cell-mediated immunity in ocular surface of dry eye.
f-Biharmonic curves in space forms and f-biharmonic Riemannian submersions from 3-manifolds
Authors: Wang Ze-Ping , Qin Li-Hua
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we first give a characterization of an f-biharmonic curve γ :(a, b) → Nn(C) in an n-dimensional space form by solving ODEs. We also give complete classifications of proper f-biharmonic curves in a 3-dimensional sphere S3 and a hyperbolic space H3 . We also derive f-biharmonic Riemannian submersion equation from 3-manifolds. We then use it to study f-biharmonic Riemannian submersions from a 3-space form M3 (c) to a 2-space form N2 (c) with constant sectional curvature c, and also construct many proper f-biharmonic Riemannian submersions from ℝ3, H3 , Sol space and a product space S2\{N, S} × ℝ.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 58E20, 53C12.
Bone mineral density 5 to 11 years after metabolic and bariatric surgery in adolescents with severe obesity compared to peers
Authors: Wasserman Halley , Jenkins Todd , Inge Thomas , Ryder Justin , Michalsky Marc , Sisley Stephanie , Xie Changchun , Kalkwarf Heidi
Published: September 2023

Objective Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is associated with decreased bone mineral density (BMD) in adults. The long-term impact of MBS during adolescence on BMD is unknown. We report bone health status 5 to 11 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) from the Teen-LABS study cohort.Methods Between 2016 and 2022, BMD was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 106 young adults who had undergone MBS as adolescents. Volumetric BMD by peripheral quantitative computed tomography was measured on a subset. Ninety-one controls who had not undergone MBS were recruited for comparison.Results Compared to controls, adjusted mean DXA-BMD of the RYGB (n = 58) and VSG (n = 48) groups were lower at the hip (-10.0% and − 6.3%), femoral neck (-9.6% and − 5.7%) and ultra-distal radius (-7.9% and − 7.0%; all p < 0.001), respectively. DXA-BMD did not differ between RYGB and VSG groups. Trabecular volumetric BMD at the radius and tibia were lower in the RYGB (-30% and − 26%) and VSG (-15% and − 14%) groups compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Greater time since MBS was associated with lower BMD Z-scores at the hip (p = 0.05) and femoral neck (p = 0.045). Percent change in body mass index (BMI) from baseline or in the first year after MSB were not associated with bone measures at a median of 9.3 years post MSB.Conclusion BMD, especially of the hip and femoral neck, was lower in young adults who underwent MBS during adolescence compared to matched peers who had not undergone MBS. BMD Z-scores of the femoral neck decreased with time since MBS but were not associated with BMI change.
Long-time asymptotics of a linear higher-order water wave model
Authors: Bautista George J. , Sierra Oscar A.
Published: September 2023

A higher-order BBM equation is considered with selected internal and boundary conditions as feedback laws to dissipate the energy. We propose several dissipation mechanisms leading to equations for which one has both, the global existence of solutions and non-increasing energy. Following the analysis developed in \cite{rosier} we prove that all the trajectories are attracted by the origin or the mean of initial data provided that the unique continuation property of weak solutions holds.
MSC: Primary: 35A01, 3AQ02, 35B40, 35B60, 35B65. Secondary: 35B10, 35B35
Predicting Rapid Impact Compaction Outcomes with Transformer-Based Deep Learning Models
Authors: Youwai Sompote , Detcheewa Sirasak
Published: September 2023

This paper introduces a novel generative deep learning approach to predict the engineering properties of the ground improved by Rapid Impact Compaction (RIC), which is a ground improvement technique that uses a drop hammer to compact the soil and fill layers. The proposed approach uses transformer-based neural networks to capture the complex nonlinear relationships between the input features, such as the hammer energy, drop height, and number of blows, and the output variables, such as the cone resistance. The approach is applied to a real-world dataset from a trial test section for the new apron construction of the Utapao International Airport in Thailand. The results show that the proposed approach outperforms the existing methods in terms of prediction accuracy and efficiency and provides interpretable attention maps that reveal the importance of different features for RIC prediction. The paper also discusses the limitations and future directions of applying deep learning methods to RIC prediction.
There is No Difference Between Two and Five Minutes of Static Stretching on Gastrocnemius Medialis Muscle Architecture
Authors: Friderichs William , Sonda Francesca Chaida , Cini Anelize , Fraporti Gabriela , Vaz Marco Aurélio , Lima Claúdia Silveira
Published: September 2023

Background
Skeletal muscle’s architecture can undergo temporary or permanent adaptations when subjected to chronic passive loading, such as during passive static stretching (PSS).
Aims
We evaluated the effects of a 6-week PSS program, with two and five minutes of duration, on the Gastrocnemius Medialis (GM’s) muscle architecture parameters. The second aim of this study was to determine the inter-analyzer reliability of the GM’s muscle architecture images analysis process.
Methods
30 healthy adults participated in this study. Plantar flexors’ PSS was applied three times a week for 6 weeks. Participants were divided into three groups: Control Group (CG), 2-minutes of PSS (G2) and 5-minutes of PSS (G5). They were assessed before, after, and two weeks post the intervention. GM’s muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA) and fascicle length (FL) were measured with an ultrasound system by an experienced evaluator. All images were analyzed by two independent analyzers, using the Image-J software.
Results
No significant effects were identified (p > 0.05) of the PSS program on muscle architecture parameters. No architectural changes were observed following the detraining period. GM’s MT results presented excellent reliability, while good reliability was found for the FL measures. For PA, good reliability was just observed for the post-intervention moment. On the pre-intervention and follow-up moments, the intraclass correlation coefficients values were moderate.
Conclusion
A 6-week PSS program did not generate adaptations on GM’s muscle architecture parameters in healthy subjects, independent of the stretching duration. Muscle architecture parameters are reliable when analyzed by different analyzers.
Registration Number:
This study was registered in Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry RBR-5j3h3c on 07/24/2018 (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/).
Promoting effect of micellization on lutein absorption and evaluation of its mechanism using a Caco-2 cell model
Authors: wang xiaoqin , Dai Zhuqing , Chen Ye , Xu Yayuan , Nie Meimei , Zhang Zhongyuan , Zhou Cunshan , Yan Shumo , Zhang Guodong , Li Dajing
Published: September 2023

Background: Micellization can significantly promote the absorption of lutein. However, the mechanism is still unknown.
Methods and Results: This study investigated the effect of micellar treatment on lutein absorption and transmembrane transport mechanism by in vitro digestion and the Caco-2 cell model. The results showed that the bioaccessibility of micellized lutein was 1.42 times that of lutein. The Apparent Permeability Coefficients (Papp) indicated that the main transmembrane pathway was found as passive transport. While solubility is regarded as a restrictive factor for lutein absorption. Further, nystatin and dynasore dramatically decreased the absorption of lutein micelle. In addition, micellization treatment increased cluster determinant 36 (CD36) expression (p<0.05). And lutein micelle treatments significantly lower SCARB1, SREBF, and ABCA1 mRNA expression and increased the CD36 mRNA expression (p<0.05).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that micellization significantly improved the absorption of lutein. The transmembrane absorption pathway in intestinal cells was mainly passive transport, as well as clathrin-mediated and caveolin/lipoprotein-mediated endocytosis.
Expanding Multilingual Co-Speech Interaction: The Impact of Enhanced Gesture Units in Text-to-Gesture Synthesis for Digital Humans
Authors: Ali Ghazanfar , Kim Woojoo , Anwar Muhammad Shahid , Hwang Jae-In , Choi Ahyoung
Published: September 2023

In this study, we explore the effects of co-speech gesture generation on user experience in 3D digital human interaction by testing two key hypotheses. The first hypothesis posits that increasing the number of gestures enhances the user experience across criteria such as naturalness, human-likeness, temporal consistency, semantic consistency, and social presence. The second hypothesis suggests that language translation does not degrade the user experience across these criteria. To explore these hypotheses, we investigated three conditions using a digital human: voice only with no gestures, limited(56 gestures) co-speech gestures, and full system functionality with over 2000 unique gestures. For the second hypothesis, we used language translation to provide multilingual support, retrieving gestures from an English rule base. We obtained text and pose from English videos and matched the pose with gesture units derived from Korean speakers' motion-capture sequences, enhancing a comprehensive rule base that we used for gesture retrieval for given text input. We used translation of non-English input language to English for text matching. Our novel method utilizes an improved pipeline to extract text, 2D pose data, and 3D gesture units. Incorporating a cutting-edge gesture-pose matching model with deep contrastive learning, we retrieved gestures from a comprehensive rule base containing 210,000 rules. This approach optimizes alignment and generates realistic, semantically consistent co-speech gestures adaptable to various languages. A comprehensive user study evaluated our hypotheses. The results underscored the positive impact of diverse gestures, supporting the first hypothesis. Additionally, multilingual capabilities did not degrade the user experience, confirming the second hypothesis. Highlighting the scalability and flexibility of our method, this study provides valuable insights into cross-lingual data and expert systems for gesture generation, contributing significantly to more engaging and immersive digital human interactions and the broader field of human-computer interaction.
Structure evolution of hydroxyapophyllite-(K) under high pressure
Authors: Seryotkin Yurii V.
Published: September 2023

The high-pressure structural evolution of a natural hydroxyapophyllite-(K) K0.96 Ca4.01[Al0.01Si7.99O20]((OH)0.95F0.05)·(H2O)8.14, Z = 2, a = 8.9699(1), c = 15.8934(3) Å, space group P4/mnc, from the Hatrurim Basin, Negev Desert, compressed in penetrating (ethanol:water 8:1 mixture) medium up to 5 GPa, was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction with a diamond anvil cell. The results clearly demonstrate the absence of pressure-induced hydration in the structure. Within 3 GPa the compression mechanism is similar to that known in fluorapophyllite-(K). The compression in the plane of silicate layer proceeds via the relative rotation of the 4-membered rings. The compression along the c-axis proceeds through the shortening of the interlayer distance, whereas the thickness of silicate layer remains almost unchanged. As a result, the pressure-induced changes in the unit cell metrics are similar to those for fluorapophyllite-(K). At about 3 GPa hydroxyapophyllite-(K) undergoes a phase transition with the symmetry lowering to orthorhombic (space group Pnnm). The symmetry of the high-pressure phase allows deformation of the four-membered rings of the silicate layer, which is impossible within tetragonal symmetry. In this case, the structure is compressed much more along the a-axis than along the b-axis. As a result, the orthorhombic phase of hydroxyapophyllite-(K) is more compressible compared to fluorapophyllite-(K).
MoS 2 as the supporting material the supercapacitor (SC) performance of the MoS 2 /Fe 3 O 4 /PANI new composite
Authors: Bayat Parvaneh , Karami Kazem , Tavakoli Farshad , Rahimi Sakineh , Kamali Shahla , Rezaei Behzad
Published: September 2023

This study investigates a successful fabrication of MoS2/Fe3O4/PANI composite by chemical co-precipitation method. The facile hydrothermal approach was employed to synthesize a MoS2/Fe3O4 composite, followed by the utilization of a conventional chemical oxidation strategy to produce a PANI coating on the composite, thereby generating an active material for electrochemical reactions and a structure facilitating the transportation of ions via multiple pathways. The fabricated MoS2/Fe3O4/PANI composite was characterized by SEM, ICP, XRD, FT-IR, and so on. In this study, we delved into the electrochemical charge storage feature of MoS2/Fe3O4/PANI. The electrochemical characteristics of the nanocomposite were assessed through the implementation of cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronopotentiometry techniques in a 3 M KOH electrolytic solution, utilizing nickel foam as both a material support and current collector for two electrode configurations. The findings indicate that MoS2, as the support matrix, possesses notable attributes such as a substantial surface area, elevated electrical conductivity, and varied oxidation states. As a result, the electrical conductivity performance of the MoS2/Fe3O4/PANI composite, which includes well-dispersed Fe3O4 nano-cubes on the surfaces of MoS2, is significantly enhanced. In comparison to pure Fe3O4, the resultant composite revealed improved specific capacitances of 401 F/g at 0.5 A g-1, along with outstanding cyclic stability of 89.3 even after undergoing 5000 cycles. The superior electrochemical properties observed may be ascribed to both the proficient electrical conductivity of MoS2 and the incorporation of Fe3O4 particles, which are anchored onto the MoS2. The results prove that MoS2/Fe3O4/PANI hybrid composite holds as highly efficient electrode material for supercapacitor.
Anti-cancer drug-induced mitochondrial alteration becomes a limitation of metabolic viability-based MTT assay in analyzing growth inhibition
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Rai Yogesh , Bhatt Anant Narayan
Published: September 2023

Background
High throughput metabolic viability-based colorimetric MTT assay is widely used for cytotoxicity screening of various chemical compounds, anti-neoplastic drugs, and other chemotherapeutic agents. The yellow MTT tetrazolium salt reduces to purple formazan crystals, predominantly by mitochondrial dehydrogenases. The assay assumes all cells have a similar number of mitochondria with equivalent enzymatic activity, resulting in a linear relationship between colorimetric absorbance and cell number.
Method
Our present study involved the Cisplatin, Etoposide, and Doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity evaluation using MTT and cell number enumeration in two widely used cancer cell lines, namely human lung epithelial adenocarcinoma cells (A549) and cervix carcinoma (HeLa). Further, Mitochondrial mass was examined to comment on the treatment-induced change in metabolic viability-based MTT assay.
Results
Drug-induced cell death determined by enumeration of the cell number did not correlate with growth inhibition observed by the MTT assay. Increased protein levels of majorly MTT converting enzyme SDH in both the cell lines following drug treatment were observed. The mitochondrial protein content of the cells was also found to be elevated in response to drug-induced cytotoxic stress.
Conclusion
In line with our earlier observation about the limitation of MTT assay in estimating radiation-induced cytotoxicity, it was found that certain anti-neoplastic drugs also modulate mitochondrial biogenesis and SDH expression level and enzymatic activity. Therefore, caution should be taken in applying the MTT assay to analyze drug-induced growth inhibition.
General significance:
Our findings reveal the MTT assay's limitations, which should be considered when determining anti-cancer and chemotherapeutic drugs' pre-clinical cytotoxicity and IC-50.
Butyricimonas is a key gut microbiome component for predicting postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer
Authors: Otsuka Koji , Isobe Junya , Asai Yoshiyuki , Nakano Tomohisa , Hattori Kouya , Ariyoshi Tomotake , Yamashita Takeshi , Motegi Kentaro , Saito Akira , Kohmoto Masahiro , Hosonuma Masahiro , Kuramasu Atsuo , Baba Yuta , Murayama Masakazu , Narikawa Yoichiro , Toyoda Hitoshi , Funayama Eiji , Tajima Kohei , Shida Midori , Hirasawa Yuya , Tsurui Toshimitsu , Ariizumi Hirotsugu , Ishiguro Tomoyuki , Suzuki Risako , Ohkuma Ryotaro , Kubota Yutaro , Sambe Takehiko , Tsuji Mayumi , Wada Satoshi , Kiuchi Yuji , Kobayashi Shinichi , Horiike Atsushi , Goto Satoru , Murakami Masahiko , Kim Yun-Gi , Tsunoda Takuya , Yoshimura Kiyoshi
Published: September 2023

Background: Recently, intestinal bacteria have attracted attention as factors affecting the prognosis of patients with cancer. However, the intestinal microbiome is composed of several hundred types of bacteria, necessitating the development of an analytical method that can allow the use of this information as a highly accurate biomarker. In this study, we investigated whether the preoperative intestinal bacterial profile in patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgery after preoperative chemotherapy could be used as biomarkers of postoperative esophageal cancer recurrence.
Methods:We analyzed the gut microbiome of the patients by utilizing 16SrRNA metagenome analysis, followed by statistical analysis. Simultaneously, we conducted a machine learning analysis using a random forest model with hyperparameter tuning and compared the data obtained.
Results: Statistical analysis and machine learning analysis identified two common bacterial genera, Butyricimonas and Actinomyces, which were prevalent in cases with recurrent esophageal cancer. Butyricimonasprimarily produces butyrate, while Actinomycesare oral bacteria whose function in the gut is unknown.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that Butyricimonas spp. may be a biomarker of postoperative esophageal cancer recurrence. Although the extent of the involvement of these bacteria in immune regulation remains unknown, future research should also investigate their presence in other pathological conditions. Such research could potentially lead to a better understanding of their immunological impact on patients with cancer and their applications as biomarkers.
Comparison of logistic regression with regularized machine learning methods for the prediction of tuberculosis disease in people living with HIV: cross-sectional hospital- based study in Kisumu County, Kenya
Authors: orwa James , Oduor Patience , Okelloh Douglas , Gethi Dickson , Agaya Janet , Okumu Albert , Wandiga Steve
Published: September 2023

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern, particularly among people living with the Human immunodeficiency Virus (PLWH). Accurate prediction of TB disease in this population is crucial for early diagnosis and effective treatment. Logistic regression and regularized machine learning methods have been used to predict TB, but their comparative performance in HIV patients remains unclear. The study aims to compare the predictive performance of logistic regression with that of regularized machine learning methods for TB disease in HIV patients.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of data from HIV patients diagnosed with TB in three hospitals in Kisumu County (JOOTRH, Kisumu sub-county hospital, Lumumba health center) between [dates]. Logistic regression, Lasso, Ridge, Elastic net regression were used to develop predictive models for TB disease. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC).
Results
Of the 927 PLWH included in the study, 107 (12.6%) were diagnosed with TB. Being in WHO disease stage III/IV (aOR: 7.13; 95%CI: 3.86–13.33) and having a cough in the last 4 weeks (aOR: 2.34;95%CI: 1.43–3.89) were significant associated with the TB. Logistic regression achieved accuracy of 0.868, and AUC-ROC of 0.744. Elastic net regression also showed good predictive performance with accuracy, and AUC-ROC values of 0.874 and 0.762, respectively.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that logistic regression, Lasso, Ridge regression, and Elastic net can all be effective methods for predicting TB disease in HIV patients. These findings may have important implications for the development of accurate and reliable models for TB prediction in HIV patients.
Reliability and Validity of a Graphical Computerized Adaptive Test Longshi Scale for Rapid Assessment of Activities of Daily Living in Stroke Survivors
Authors: Zhou Jing , Zha Fubing , Liu Fang , Wan Li , Zhou Mingchao , Long Jianjun , Chen Miaoling , Xue Kaiwen , Wang Yulong
Published: September 2023

Background
Stroke survivors frequently experience difficulties in daily activities, such as bathing, feeding, and mobility. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of a computer-adaptive test-Longshi scale (CAT-LS) for assessing activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke survivors.
Methods
This cross-sectional study collected data using an electronic application. The ADL function of stroke survivors in rehabilitation departments of hospitals was assessed using both the CAT-LS and BI. Correlations between the CAT-LS and Barthel Index (BI) and concurrent validity were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation test and multiple linear regression. Interrater reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient based on a two-way random effect. The internal consistency of the CAT-LS was assessed using Cronbach’s coefficient (α) and corrected item-total correlations.
Results
Overall, 103 medical institutions in China were used in this study. In total, 7,151 patients with stroke were included in this study. The CAT-LS classified patients into three ADL groups (bedridden, domestic, and community) with significantly different BI scores (P < 0.05). The CAT-LS results obtained using the decision-tree scoring model were consistent with the scores for each BI item. A strong correlation was observed between CAT-LS and BI (Pearson’s r: 0.6–0.894, P < 0.001). The CAT-LS demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α, 0.803–0.894) and interrater reliability (ICC, 0.928–0.979). CAT-LS is time-efficient and requires < 1 min to administer.
Conclusion
The CAT-LS is a reliable and valid tool for assessing ADL function in stroke survivors and can provide rapid and accurate assessments that reduce the burden on healthcare professionals. Further validation of this tool in other populations and settings is necessary.
Study registration number
No.: ChiCTR2000034067
http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=54770
Extreme rainfall and landslides as a response to human-induced climate change: a case study at Baixada Santista, Brazil, 2020
Authors: de Souza Danilo Couto , Crespo Natália Machado , Silva Douglas Vieira da , Harada Lila Mina , de Godoy Renan Muinos Parrode , Domingues Leonardo Moreno , Luiz Rafael , Bortolozo Cassiano Antonio , Metodiev Daniel , de Andrade Marcio Roberto Magalhães , Hartley Andrew J. , de Abreu Rafael Cesário , Li Sihan , Lott Fraser C. , Sparrow Sarah
Published: September 2023

In March 2020, an extreme rainfall in Baixada Santista, Brazil, led to a series of landslides affecting more than 2,800 people and resulting losses exceeding USD 43 million. This attribution study compared extreme rainfall in two distinct runs from the UK Met Office Hadley Centre HadGEM3-GA6 model: one with all forcings and the other with natural forcings only, considering antecedent conditions and soil moisture (extreme 60-day rainfall, Rx60day) and heavy rainfall (extreme 3-day rainfall, Rx3day) which may trigger landslides. The long-term set-up became 74% more likely, while the short-term trigger was 46% more likely. The anthropogenic contribution to changes in rainfall accounted for 20-42% of the total losses and damages. The greatest economic losses occurred in Guarujá (42%), followed by São Vicente (30%) and Santos (28%). Landslides were responsible for 47% of homes damaged, 85% of homes destroyed, all reported injuries, and 51% of deaths associated with heavy rainfall. Changes in land cover and increased urbanization showed a pronounced increase in urbanized area in Guarujá (107%), São Vicente (61.7%) and Santos (36.9%) and a reduction in farming area. Population growth estimates also indicate higher exposure to extreme rainfall events. The proportion of irregular and/or precarious housing indicates vulnerability, with Guarujá being the municipality with the highest number (34.8%) of dwellings of this type. Our estimates suggest that extreme precipitation events are having shorter return periods due to climate change and increased urbanization and population growth is exposing more people to these events. These findings are especially important for decision-makers in the context of disaster risk reduction and mitigation and adaptation to climate change.
The Relationship Between Physical Exercise Behavior and Psychological Resilience of Teenagers: An Analysis of Chain Mediating Effect
Authors: Li Na , Wang Dianguo , Zhao Xiang , Li Zhen
Published: September 2023

Objective This study aimed to understanding the mechanisms underlying the association between physical exercise behavior and psychological resilience among teenagers,and the mediating role of social sensitivity and need to belong.
Methods Using the method of cluster sampling, 1106 students (average age=15.7, SD=0.598) that complied with the requirements were surveyed from Shandong Province in China. Physical Exercise Behavior, Psychological Resilience, Social Sensitivity and Need to Belong were assessed using standard scales. For data analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis and bias-corrected percentile Bootstrap method were carried out in turn.
Results（1）Common method deviation can be accepted in this study,and the correlation among physical exercise behavior, psychological resilience, social sensitivity and need to belong are all significant; (2)Based on the self-determination theory to explain the relationship between teenagers physical exercise behavior and psychological resilience, the following conclusions are drawn:physical exercise behavior can directly and positively predict need to belong and psychological resilience, negatively predict social sensitivity. Likewise, social sensitivity can negatively predict need to belong and psychological resilience, need to belong can directly and positively predict psychological resilience; (3)The indirect effect of the path with social sensitivity as the mediating variable is 0.009,the indirect effect of the path with need to belong as the mediating variable is 0.033, and the indirect effect of the path with social sensitivity and need to belong as the mediating variable is 0.014.(4)The total of all indirect effects is 0.056.
Conclusion（1）Physical exercise behavior can significantly positively predict psychological resilience. （2）Social sensitivity and need to belong play a significant mediating role between physical exercise behavior and psychological resilience.（3）There are three mediating paths, namely, the separate mediating effect of social sensitivity, the separate mediating effect of need to belong, and the chain mediating effect of social sensitivity and need to belong.
Effects of the Menstrual Cycle on the Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Injuries Amongst Female Athletes
Authors: Christina Christina Sefotha , Caitlin Caitlin Beckett , Simoné Simoné Ferreira , Lynn Lynn Smith
Published: September 2023

Background: During the menstrual cycle (MC), neuromuscular performance varies among female athletes, and MC has been identified as an intrinsic risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal injuries. However, limited studies that demonstrate the extent to which the MC influences injury risk. Previous literature regarding the topic has focused mostly on the impact of the MC on overall sports performance among female athletes, as opposed to its impact on injury risk specifically. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the effects of MC on injury prevalence and risk among female athletes competing at the university level.
Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed to seventy-six female athletes competing at various levels in different sporting codes at the University of Johannesburg over a period of 3 months. Data were analysed quantitatively using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS, version 28)
Results: Ankle and wrist sprains (32%) and muscle strain (18%) injuries were found to be the most common types of musculoskeletal injuries. Participants with early and/or late menarche had a greater prevalence of ligament sprains and dislocations. Participants with MC lengths of 24 to 26 days and 27 to 29 days reported a greater occurrence of ligament sprains (41% & 47%) and muscle strains (14% & 24%), whereas ligament sprains (25%) and dislocations (19%) were common among participants with MC lengths of 30 to 35 days.
Conclusion: The findings showed that the most common injuries among female athletes included ligament sprains, dislocations and muscle strains. This highlights the importance of training modification throughout the MC. This study helps broaden the knowledge of female athletes and the sports industry on the effects of the MC on injury occurrence and functionality of the female body.
A Survey of Big Data Tools for Remote Healthcare Services
Authors: Ray Himadri Sekhar , Mainuddin Md , Singha Susmita , Mukherjee Nandini
Published: September 2023

Health Data storage and analytics are the two important parts of the health or drugs business and health research. Health Data storage and management are important for storing and retrieving Health Data efficiently. The scalable and flexible infrastructure capable of efficient storing and processing the millions of Health Data generated every day must be very much needed for the industry. Big Data tools and NoSQL databases are becoming the necessary tools to store millions of data and respond to given queries efficiently. In general relational databases are used for many applications, but they are not at all efficient for storing and processing Big Data. The drawbacks of relational databases motivate the developers to use NoSQL databases and Big Data tools while creating the Health application. A comparative study must be made to find out the performance of different Big Data platforms along with the NoSQL Databases to store Health Data for a Health-related application and to respond to queries efficiently. In this paper, we have tested the performance of Hadoop, HIVE, Cassandra, MongoDB, HBASE and NGMR to respond to different queries to store Health Data for a remote health framework. Such a study helps us to come up with new ideas that can help us to store and retrieve the Health Data of a particular application using a data model that is iteratively tested and modified. It provides us with an understanding of the Big Data solution or tool as well. The key aim of the study is to make a review on the capability of data storage and the read/write performance of the tools