bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study of biological and lifestyle factors, including within-subject variation, affecting concentrations of growth differentiation factor 15 in serum
Authors: Krintus Magdalena , Braga Federica , Kozinski Marek , Borille Simona , Kubica Jacek , Sypniewska Grazyna , Panteghini Mauro
Published: November 2018

Background

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is an emerging cardiovascular biomarker, and a fully automated immunoassay has recently become available. The objectives of the study were to identify biological and lifestyle factors affecting serum GDF-15 concentrations and derive robust reference intervals, and to estimate GDF-15 within-subject biological variation and derived indices.

Methods

A presumably healthy population of 533 questionnaire-screened adults was used to identify the biological and lifestyle determinants of serum GDF-15. Following stringent exclusion criteria, a final group of 173 individuals was selected to establish GDF-15 reference interval. Twenty-six healthy volunteers were enrolled in the biological variation substudy.

Results

Using a multiple regression model, age, B-type natriuretic peptide and C-reactive protein as well as smoking status were significantly related to serum GDF-15 concentrations. The upper reference limit (URL) for serum GDF-15 concentrations (90% confidence interval [CI]) was 866 ng/L (733–999 ng/L), with no sex-related difference. Although GDF-15 tended to increase with age, the weak dependence of marker from age does not justify age-related URL. The within-subject CV was 6.3% (95% CI, 4.5%–8.5%), with no sex difference in intraindividual variances. The reference change value (RCV) for GDF-15 was 23%, and two are the specimens required to ensure that the mean GDF-15 result is within ±10% of the individual’s homeostatic set point.

Conclusions

By identifying the main factors influencing serum GDF-15 concentrations, we robustly established the URL to be applied in adult population. As intraindividual variation of GDF-15 is relatively low, monitoring longitudinal changes in its concentrations over time using RCV can be a good alternative for interpreting GDF-15 in clinical setting.
Analytical barriers in clinical B-type natriuretic peptide measurement and the promising analytical methods based on mass spectrometry technology
Authors: Xiao Peng , Li Hongmei , Li Xianjiang , Song Dewei
Published: November 2018

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a circulating biomarker that is mainly applied in heart failure (HF) diagnosis and to monitor disease progression. Because some identical amino acid sequences occur in the precursor and metabolites of BNP, undesirable cross-reactions are common in immunoassays. This review first summarizes current analytical methods, such as immunoassay- and mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches, including the accuracy of measurement and the inconsistency of the results. Second, the review presents some promising approaches to resolve the current barriers in clinical BNP measurement, such as how to decrease cross-reactions and increase the measurement consistency. Specific approaches include research on novel BNP assays with higher-specificity chemical antibodies, the development of International System of Units (SI)-traceable reference materials, and the development of structure characterization methods based on state-of-the-art ambient and ion mobility MS technologies. The factors that could affect MS analysis are also discussed, such as biological sample cleanup and peptide ionization efficiency. The purpose of this review is to explore and identify the main problems in BNP clinical measurement and to present three types of approaches to resolve these problems, namely, materials, methods and instruments. Although novel approaches are proposed here, in practice, it is worth noting that the BNP-related peptides including unprocessed proBNP were all measured in clinical BNP assays. Therefore, approaches that aimed to measure a specific BNP or proBNP might be an effective way for the standardization of a particular BNP form measurement, instead of the standardization of “total” immunoreactive BNP assays in clinical at present.
Epicurean Dreams
Authors: Tsouna Voula
Published: November 2018

Most ancient philosophers accept that dreams have prophetic powers enabling humans to relate somehow to a world beyond their own. The only philosophers known to make a clean and explicit break with that tradition are the Epicureans, beginning with Epicurus himself and reaching his last eminent follower, Diogenes of Oinoanda. They openly reject the idea that dreams mediate between the divine and the human realms, or between the world of the living and the world of the dead. They demystify the phenomenon of dreaming by explaining sleeping and dreaming in terms of their materialistic physical theory. Importantly, they examine dreams and their content from different perspectives and explore their relevance to our lives. The general aim of this paper is to offer a synthetic account of the Epicurean view about dreaming and dreams, advance certain new hypotheses that seem worthy of consideration, and show how Epicurus and his followers integrate dream theory into their philosophy as a whole.
Optimal and/or Efficient Two treatment Crossover Designs for Five Carryover Models
Authors: Gondaliya Jigneshkumar , Divecha Jyoti
Published: November 2018

Crossover designs robust to changes in carryover models are useful in clinical trials where the nature of carryover effects is not known in advance. The designs have been characterized for being optimal and efficient under no carryover-, traditional-, and, self and mixed carryover- models, however, ignoring the number of subjects, which has significant impact on both optimality and administrative convenience. In this article, adding two more practical models, the traditional, and, self and mixed carryover models having carryover effect only for the new or test treatment, a 5M algorithm is presented. The 5M algorithm based computer code searches all possible two treatment crossover designs under the five carryover models and list those which are optimal and /or efficient to all the five carryover models. The resultant exhaustive list consists of optimal and/or efficient crossover designs in two, three, and four periods, having 4 to 20 subjects of which 24 designs are new optimal for one of the established carryover models, and 34 designs are optimal for newly added models.
Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of oral administration of garlic extract in the livers of type 1 diabetic rats
Authors: Behrouj Hamid , Ziamajidi Nasrin , Abbasalipourkabir Roghayeh , Goodarzi Mohammad Taghi , Saidijam Massoud
Published: November 2018

Background

Liver dysfunction is a predominant complication of diabetes. Herbal remedies such as garlic are commonly used for reducing diabetic complications. In this study the effect of garlic extract on glucose level, liver enzymes activities in the serum and nitric oxide (NO) level, oxidative stress status, and histology in the liver tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetes (type 1) was investigated.

Methods

Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomized and divided into four groups: control rats, diabetic rats, diabetic rats treated with garlic, and garlic-treated normal rats. Glucose level and liver enzymes activities were determined by colorimetric assay in the serum. NO levels by Griess method, oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidative status (TOS), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) by spectrophotometric method, and histopathological examination by hematoxylin and eosin staining method were evaluated in the liver tissues.

Results

Glucose level, liver enzymes activities, MDA, TOS, and NO levels were increased and TAC level decreased significantly in diabetic rats in comparison with control rats (p<0.01); whereas, after oral administration of garlic, glucose level, liver enzymes activities, MDA, TOS, and NO levels were decreased and TAC level increased significantly near to the normal levels (p<0.05).

Conclusion

The results showed the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of garlic in the livers of type 1 diabetic rats.
On the algebraicity of coefficients of half-integral weight mock modular forms
Authors: Choi SoYoung , Kim Chang Heon
Published: November 2018

Extending works of Ono and Boylan to the half-integral weight case, we relate the algebraicity of Fourier coefficients of half-integral weight mock modular forms to the vanishing of Fourier coefficients of their shadows.
Calcium(II)-mediated resolution of methyl o-chloromandelate with chiral O,O′-dibenzoyltartaric acid in preparative scale
Authors: Xu Hong-Wu , Wu Li-Huan , Ren Qiang , Liu Cui-Yu , Yan Guan-Qing
Published: November 2018

We report here the coordination-mediated resolution of methylo-chloromandelate, which is a key intermediate for clopidogrel, in preparative scale. The reaction of CaO, optically pure (2R, 3R)-O,O′-dibenzoyltartaric acid, and methylo-chloromandelate in ethanol solution afforded a mixed-ligands calcium(II) complex that was further purified by stirring of the crystals in hot methanol. Methyl (R)-o-chloromandelate was obtained in good enantiomeric excess value (>99.5%) and yield (71%) by treatment of the complex with acid. At the same time, (2R, 3R)-O,O′-dibenzoyltartaric acid was recovered in 72% yield. In addition, methyl (S)-o-chloromandelate was obtained in good enantiomeric excess value (>99.5%) and yield (73%) by recovery from the mother liquor and resolution with the same procedure for methyl (R)-o-chloromandelate, except that (2S, 3S)-O,O′-dibenzoyltartaric acid was used as the resolving reagent.
Éternel retour et principe dʼéconomie dans la pensée de Nietzsche
Authors: Esmez Laurent
Published: November 2018

Eternal recurrence and the principle of economy in Nietzscheʼs thought. This paper explores the place that the principle of parsimony occupies in Nietzscheʼs thought. I argue that the principle of parsimony is one of the criteria that allow Nietzsche to organize the many different interpretations available to us into a hierarchy. The question is whether Nietzsche can justify the use of this principle without making it a petitio principii. Oddly enough, it seems that eternal recurrence has a role to play in this context. The most important problem Nietzsche has to confront is the problem of circularity. Bringing together Nietzsche’s specific conception of truth with the problem of eternal recurrence allows us to recognize that circularity provides for access to a higher density of the real.
Pascal et la „preuve par la force“: L’examen nietzschéen d’une conscience intellectuelle „blessée“
Authors: Lebreton Lucie
Published: November 2018

Pascal and the „Proof by Power“. Nietzsche’s Examination of a wounded intellectual conscience. This paper sheds new light on Nietzsche’s praise of Pascal’s probity by analysing what the German philosopher calls the „proof by power“. This proof, adopted by Christianity at large, consists in making pleasure and well-being the very criteria of truth and, as such, it represents for Nietzsche a sheer dishonest form of reasoning. When Pascal finally decides to use this proof in the Pensées, he is already conscious of its lack of scientific value and of its dishonesty. Nietzsche thus reveals in Pascal’s thinking the torments of a wounded intellectual conscience, torn between its fidelity to the Christian tradition and its probity inspired by this very piety. In this respect, the famous wager’s argument appears as a testimony of this tension: it is a brilliant but desperate attempt of giving this „proof by power“, which the scientific rigor it is fundamentally lacking.
Overcoming Metametaphysics: Nietzsche and Carnap
Authors: Moreira Felipe G. A.
Published: November 2018

This essay focuses on the similarities between Nietzsche’s and Carnap’s views on metaphysics, without ignoring their obvious differences. The essay argues that Nietzsche and Carnap endorse but interpret differently an overcoming metametaphysics characterized by the conjunction of the following three claims: (O-i) an overcoming of metaphysics ought to be performed; (O-ii) this overcoming is to be performed by adopting a method of linguistic analysis that is suspicious of the metaphysical use of language and that interprets such use through a different use of language which aims to avoid metaphysics; and (O-iii) this overcoming contributes to the political task of resisting “diseased” metaphysical practices and promoting “healthy” non-metaphysical practices.
Der Bildner des Übermenschen und der dithyrambische Künstler: Michelangelo und Wagner in Also sprach Zarathustra
Authors: Vivarelli Vivetta
Published: November 2018

The Sculptor of the Overman and the Dithyrambic Artist: Michelangelo and Wagner in Thus Spoke Zarathustra. This paper draws on the work of Mazzino Montinari in order to explore the relations between Nietzsche’s image of Michelangelo and specific elements of Thus Spoke Zarathustra. These elements concern the idea of the overman and the figure which is sleeping in the stone. A biography of Michelangelo by the art historian Herman Grimm, a correspondent of Ralph Waldo Emerson, may be the source of Nietzsche’s reference to a mysterious statue described in the chapter “Of Those who are Sublime”. Moreover, Jacob Burckhardt’s Cicerone may help to explain the relationship between Wagner and the sculptor. One way to understand the context of this image is to return to the fourth Untimely Meditation - Richard Wagner in Bayreuth - in which Nietzsche portrays Wagner as both a sculptor and a dithyrambic artist. Some years later Zarathustra/Nietzsche will himself appear as the sculptor of the overman and as the authentic dithyrambic poet, that is the authentic “musician of the future”.
Fabbisogni e scelte linguistiche nella comunicazione turistica in Italia, con particolare riferimento alla lingua tedesca
Authors: Costa Marcella
Published: November 2018

The paper reflects on the linguistic needs in the field of tourism communication in Italy starting from data on the main tourist markets of origin in Italy. After an overview on language choice in the pre-trip stage on national and regional level, it outlines a research project on language contact between German speaking tourists and hosts in Piedmont aiming at enhancing the quality of communication with German as a foreign language for tourism.
Touristische Verkehrssprachen in Dänemark
Authors: Colliander Peter
Published: November 2018

There would appear to be a significant in-balance in favour of English in tourism related areas, as is the case with most social interactions in Denmark which require the use of foreign languages. Even German only plays a peripheral role, which is somewhat surprising considering that German speakers make up the largest percentage of foreign tourists by far. However, the frequency of use of common tourism related languages in general, as well as English, would appear to vary considerably according to Danish region; hence it is worthwhile examining each region individually. Tourism degrees that include a foreign language are briefly addressed.
Quotation as a challenge for feature-driven phases: An argument for Zwart’s merge
Authors: Wiślicki Jan
Published: November 2018

The present paper discusses the problem of deriving quotational expressions (QEs)–a relatively unexplored field in the generative tradition–in the context of phase theory (PT). QEs are taken to be built within Narrow Syntax. While this fact is empirically well-motivated, it turns out to be conceptually problematic for cyclic derivations driven by feature makeup. Empirical data show that QEs represent a unique mixture of conflicting properties. On the one hand, they must be interpretable as both atomic and not. This extends to two readings of the embedding of enquotation, which are argued to follow from recursive and purely iterative, non-recursive interpretation. On the other hand, having no limits in length and scope, QEs are more challenging for PT than other non-compositional chunks. I argue that these effects unearth an important conceptual contrast. While they pose certain problems for the Minimalist approach, they naturally follow from the account of Narrow Syntax proposed by Jan-Wouter Zwart. In this regard the gap in applicability of each account to the discussed phenomenon sheds new light on the role of features in PT.
1 Samuel 2:13–16 in the Context of Mediterranean Tariff Texts
Authors: Brown-deVost Bronson
Published: November 2018

1Sam 2,13–16 beinhaltet eine Beschreibung religiöser Praktiken in Schilo, die mit den Söhnen Elis, Hofni und Pinchas, verbunden sind. Die kultische Erzählung fügt sich nur schlecht in den umgebenden Text ein und ihre Bedeutung bleibt spekulativ, sowohl in modernen historisch-kritischen Studien als auch in der Textgeschichte des Samuelbuches. Der Vergleich mit phönizischen und griechischen Opferbestimmungen aus der Mitte bis zum Ende des 1. Jt. v. Chr. bietet einen soziolinguistischen Hintergrund, der zum Verständnis der Textpassage beiträgt und einige der Schwierigkeiten dieses Textes löst.
The Form and Function of the Source Citations in 1–2 Kings
Authors: Holland Drew S.
Published: November 2018

Angesichts einer disparaten Forschungslage untersucht der Artikel die Form und Funktion der vierunddreißig Zitate mit Informationen über die Monarchien von Israel und Juda, die in 1–2 Könige aus drei Quellen gefunden wurden. Klärend ist ein Blick auf die Verwendung von Quellenzitaten im antiken Mesopotamien und Ägypten sowie die grammatikalische Darstellung der Zitate im Bibeltext.
Reconsidering the Problematic Tripartite Structure of Zephaniah
Authors: Werse Nicholas R.
Published: November 2018

Zeph 1,18aβ–2,3 und 3,6–8 rahmen die Sprüche gegen die Fremdvölker und geben Zephanja eine dreigliedrige Struktur. Die synchrone Analyse stellt eine Scharnierfunktion dieses Rahmens in der Makrostruktur von Zephanja fest, die diachrone Analyse eine zweistufige Komposition. Die erste Stufe (2,1–3 und 3,6–7) beschreibt die Sprüche gegen die Fremdvölker als eine Warnung für Jerusalem, die zweite Stufe (1,18aβb und 3,8) die Fremdvölker als Objekt göttlichen Zorns in Erwartung der Wiederherstellung Jerusalems. Abschließend untersucht der Artikel die »Bedeutung« der dreigliedrigen Struktur Zephanjas, die die Nationen und Judah in ein gemeinsames Paradigma von Gericht und Wiederherstellung einfügt.
Thirty percent off Ontario tuition
Authors: Tisch Daniel
Published: November 2018

The Argyle Public Relationships team worked with the Ministryof Training, Colleges, and Universities to develop a campaignfor a government program providing tuition rebates topost-secondary students. Argyle used research-based communicationsand evaluated the student environment, identifyingkey issues — including the narrowness of the program scope,difficulty of completing the application, an unidentified targetaudience, and potential controversy — and strategies to addressthem. By focusing on “student-to-student” communications,finding ways to pre-qualify students, and pairing oncampusinteraction with online socialization, the team madeface-to-face contact with 29,000 students on 47 campuses in 21days, resulting in a 27.5% increase of registrations on average.
Performance of juice and wine grape cultivars in different training systems
Authors: Pedro Júnior Mário José , Hernandes José Luiz , Moura Mara Fernandes
Published: November 2018

Abstract The increase of rural tourism activities has led growers to use different grape cultivars for the production of wine and/or juice. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotechnical characteristics of grapevines and physicochemical characteristics of grape must obtained for Bordô, Isabel Precoce, BRS Violeta, Isabel and Concord cultivars in different training systems: vertical shoot position; Y-shaped trellis and V-shaped trellis with double spur cordon. The experimental design was randomized blocks for comparison of cultivars within each training system and analysis of the main components for productivity variables was carried out. BRS Violeta cultivar showed higher bunch weight values regardless of training system. Bordô cultivar showed lower yield values and soluble solids content in comparison to other cultivars. Isabel and Isabel Precoce cultivars in the evaluated training systems showed higher soluble solids content. Principal component analysis allowed verifying that in Y-shaped trellis and V-shaped trellis with double spur cordon training systems, cultivars were related to higher yield.
Nutrition, yield and quality of ‘Niagara Rosada’ vine fruits using cattle slurry and plastic cover
Authors: Tullio Leonardo , Morais Heverly , Yagi Renato
Published: November 2018

Abstract Plastic cover and organic fertilization for grapevine can bring synergistic benefits in yields and fruit quality. The objective was to characterize and measure the effects of fertilization with cattle slurry in systems without and with plastic cover on plant nutrition, yield and quality of ‘Niagara Rosada’ fruits. Two experiments were carried out and evaluated in contiguous areas, without and with plastic cover, each one using a randomized complete block design with 4 treatments represented by cattle slurry rates of 0, 20, 40 and 60 m3 ha-1, with four replicates. The nutritional status of grapevines was not affected by cattle slurry application without plastic cover in plants growing on fertile sandy soil. Plastic cover provides better nutrition ofprimary macronutrients and higher yield and fruit quality, even without the use of manure. Without plastic cover, cattle slurry rates above 20 m3 ha-1 and below 60 m3 ha-1 were able to balance phosphate and potassium nutrition in these systems, increasing fruit yield by 31% up to 32 m3 ha-1, respectively. However, this increment represented 64% of the average yield of fruits obtained with plastic cover without organic fertilization. Thus, the use of plastic cover on grapevine represents a conservationist soil fertility management, adding sustainability and increasing fruit yield and quality.
Plant biometrics of malay, rose and water apple
Authors: Nacata Guilherme , Andrade Renata Aparecida de
Published: November 2018

Abstract Due to the lack of studies comparing Syzygium malaccensis(L) Meer e Perry, Syzygium aqueum Burm.f. and Syzygium jambos (L) Alston Syzygium in relation to the botanical genus Sygygium regarding the physical characteristics, the present research was conducted, aiming at biometrically characterizing each of the three species, as well as comparing them. The fruits were collected from the São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal. Syzygium plants were used for the evaluation of: fruit and seed masses (g); width and length of leaves (cm) and of seeds (cm); percentage of fruit pulp; length of leaf petiole (cm); and leaf area (cm2). Fifty fruits, leaves and seeds of each species were used, with 5 replicates of 10 samples each and the data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and organized into frequency tables. For comparative purposes among the species, a blocks randomized design was adopted, being analyzed by the Tukey Test at 5% of probability. The malay and water apple present fruits with high yield of pulp. The fruit of the malay apple are light, with narrow diameter, medium length, broad seeds, narrow and small leaves, with small leaf area. The rose apple fruit present medium mass, width and length, with broad seeds, narrow leaves, medium length and small leaf area. The water apple fruit are light, broad, long, without seeds, with broad leaves, long and having medium leaf area. Comparing the three species of Syzygium studied, it can be concluded that the fruit of malay apple are the largest, but the highest percentage of pulp is found in the fruit of the water apple, due to the absence of seeds.
Inequalities in multimorbidity among elderly: a population-based study in a city in Southern Brazil
Authors: Costa Caroline dos Santos , Flores Thaynã Ramos , Wendt Andrea , Neves Rosália Garcia , Tomasi Elaine , Cesar Juraci A. , Bertoldi Andrea Dâmaso , Ramires Virgílio Viana , Nunes Bruno Pereira
Published: November 2018

Lower socioeconomic level is positively related to multimorbidity and it is possible that the clustering of health conditions carries the same association. The aim of this study was to identify prevalence of multimorbidity and clusters of health conditions among elderly, as well the underlying socioeconomic inequalities. This was a cross-sectional population-based study carried out with 60-year-old individuals. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of 2+, 3+, 4+ or 5+ health conditions in the same individual. Schooling levels and the National Economic Index were used to investigate inequalities in the prevalence of multimorbidities among elderly. Slope and concentration indexes of inequality were used to evaluate absolute and relative differences. A factorial analysis was performed to identify disease clusters. In every ten older adults, about nine, eight, seven and six presented, respectvely, 2+, 3+, 4+ and 5+ health conditions. Three clusters of health conditions were found, involving musculoskeletal/mental/functional disorders, cardiometabolic, and respiratory factors. Higher inequalities were found the higher amount of health conditions (5+), when considering economic level, and for 3+, 4+ and 5+, when considering educational level. These findings show high multimorbidity prevalence among elderly, highlighting the persistence of health inequalities in Southern Brazil. Strategies by the health services need to focus on elderly at lower socioeconomic levels.
QUANDO A DIÁSPORA AFRICANA INTERPELA A EDUCAÇÃO: APROXIMAÇÕES ENTRE BRASIL E COLÔMBIA
Authors: Miranda Shirley Aparecida de , Lozano Susy RocÍo Contendo
Published: November 2018

RESUMO: A presença africana é constitutiva do continente americano, mas permanece circunscrita a uma hierarquia racial. Esse processo, caracterizado pelo epistemicídio reverbera-se na educação escolar que integrou os processos de dominação à custa da negação culturas, línguas, narrativas. Práticas discursivas que se sustentam em dispositivos de políticas educacionais para o reconhecimento da presença negra no continente americano consistem no tema desse artigo. O conceito de diáspora oferece aporte analítico para focalizarmos esses dispositivos na prática discursiva dos movimentos negros e afrodescendentes. No primeiro tópico, abordamos, a partir dos procedimentos da tradução intercultural, as aproximações entre Brasil e Colômbia nas disputas dos movimentos negros e afrodescendentes pela educação. Em seguida, analisamos demandas desses movimentos convertidas em políticas de educação, sob a égide da diversidade. Por fim, identificamos reverberações das políticas de diversidade que permitem nomear as lógicas que estruturam a educação escolar e ampliar o repertório de entendimento do mundo.
Argumentação de alunos da primeira série do Ensino Médio sobre o tema "Energia": discussões numa perspectiva de Educação Ambiental
Authors: Galvão Idmaura Calderaro Martins , Spazziani Maria de Lourdes , Monteiro Isabel Cristina de Castro
Published: November 2018

Resumo: O presente artigo apresenta uma análise de argumentações produzidas por alunos acerca do tema "Energia: produção, usos e impactos ambientais", com o objetivo de contribuir para os estudos sobre a temática Educação Ambiental no Ensino Básico. Os conceitos teóricos que embasam nosso estudo estão relacionados ao processo de interações sociais, na perspectiva vigotskiana, e à produção de argumentos, a partir do padrão de Toulmin. Os dados apresentados nessa pesquisa foram coletados com alunos da primeira série do Ensino Médio na disciplina de Física, de uma escola pública do Estado de São Paulo. O estudo traz evidências de que o trabalho em sala de aula promove um ambiente facilitador para o surgimento de argumentações válidas, e favorece a implementação do processo de Educação Ambiental com o enfoque crítico.
Enfoques de enseñanza y enfoques de aprendizaje: perspectivas teóricas promisorias para el desarrollo de investigaciones en educación en ciencias
Authors: Soler Manuel Guillermo , Cárdenas Fidel Antonio , Hernández-Pina Fuensanta
Published: November 2018

Resumen: Los desarrollos teóricos acerca de los enfoques de enseñanza y de aprendizaje surgieron de los trabajos pioneros de Marton y Säaljö en Gotemburgo, Entwistle, Hounsell y Ramsden en Edimburgo y Biggs y Trigwell en Australia. El artículo aborda como aspectos centrales el origen de estos constructos, algunas de sus relaciones, una descripción de cada enfoque y un análisis de potencialidades para orientar investigaciones en educación y para buscar estrategias de enseñanza de las ciencias en general y de la química en particular. Para el desarrollo de investigaciones se utilizan los cuestionarios de procesos de enseñanza y de aprendizaje mientras que para la enseñanza se analizan estrategias centradas en el profesor, centradas en la interacción profesor/estudiante y centradas en el estudiante. Finalmente, debido a que los enfoques de enseñanza y de aprendizaje ofrecen potenciales beneficios para la educación en ciencias, se estimula a los docentes a investigar en este campo.
O uso de Relações Pedagógicas em aulas de Patologia Geral: materialização do elo com o currículo e a profissão
Authors: Martins Reane Fonseca , Moro Luciana , Mortimer Eduardo Fleury
Published: November 2018

Resumo: O objetivo desse artigo é identificar e quantificar se os professores materializam o elo que a Patologia Geral representa entre as disciplinas básicas e as profissionalizantes, e se eles reconhecem esse feito. Usamos um referencial teórico-metodológico que analisa relações pedagógicas (RP) para avaliar aulas de cinco professores de Patologia Geral de uma universidade pública federal. Para tanto, escolhemos aulas gravadas em vídeo, cuja sequência didática foi a de neoplasia. Adicionalmente, fizemos entrevistas semiestruturadas com os cinco professores. Observamos que os professores efetuam as RPs idiossincraticamente. As RPs macro e os exemplos contextualizados na profissão, que evidenciam a materialização do elo, ocorrem em menor número que as demais relações pedagógicas. Concluímos que, como as RPs que efetivam o elo ocorrem em menor frequência, justifica-se, em parte, o desinteresse de alguns estudantes nas aulas de Patologia Geral.
Concepciones sobre enseñanza y aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales de educadoras de párvulos en formación en Chile y sus relaciones con modelos de racionalidad científica
Authors: Orellana-Sepúlveda Carolina , Quintanilla-Gatica Mario Roberto , Páez-Cornejo Rodrigo
Published: November 2018

Resumen: Desde un posicionamiento praxeológico, las concepciones sobre enseñanza y aprendizaje cobran un rol importante en la puesta en práctica del currículum prescrito y en la configuración de las experiencias de aprendizaje en el aula. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo identificar y caracterizar concepciones sobre enseñanza y aprendizaje de las ciencias naturales en Educadoras de Párvulos en formación al inicio de un curso de Didáctica de las Ciencias Naturales. Los resultados indican que existe una coexistencia entre posiciones cercanas a modelos con rasgos de un racionalismo fuerte, radical, y nociones sobre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las ciencias de tipo tradicional-dogmática con características de un racionalismo moderado y una noción constructivista respecto al aprendizaje.
O caráter híbrido dos textos de divulgação científica inseridos em livros didáticos
Authors: Souza Pedro Henrique Ribeiro de , Rocha Marcelo Borges
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Textos de Divulgação científica (DC) são utilizados no ensino de Ciências para contextualizar o conteúdo escolar, auxiliando no processo de alfabetização científica e tecnológica. Os livros didáticos (LDs) de Ciências e de Biologia podem inserir esses textos, selecionados para diversificar suas fontes de informação. Este trabalho analisou 60 textos de DC em sete LDs de Biologia para o ensino médio, verificando que a maioria sofreu processos de reelaboração discursiva, em especial de eliminação, e alteração no sentido das imagens. Compreende-se que os textos inseridos apresentam caráter híbrido, apresentando características didáticas e de DC, pois os autores dos LDs não os transformam em textos didáticos. Conclui-se que é imprescindível a leitura desses textos pelos professores para identificar o grau de comprometimento da visão de natureza da ciência após a inserção no LD e discutir isso com os estudantes em sala de aula.
A CRITICAL APPROACH TO THE USE OF THE BCG MATRIX: PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS OF BRAZILIAN PULP MARKETED IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET
Authors: Hersen Amarildo , Silva João Carlos Garzel Leodoro da , Timofeiczyk Junior Romano
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to highlight some limitations of the use of the Boston Consulting Group Matrix to propose strategies to maximize the performance of the sector in the international pulp market. The procedure adopted for the investigation was the portfolio analysis, for the different types of pulp exported by Brazil, using the Growth Share Matrix. The results indicate that the BCG Matrix is static and non-dynamic analysis and arbitrary questions to define the market growth rate can provide different interpretations, possibly contradictory.
GENETIC VARIATION AND EFFECTIVE POPULATION SIZE IN DIPTERYX ALATA PROGENIES IN PEDERNEIRAS, SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL
Authors: Santos Wanderley dos , Aguiar Ananda Virginia , Souza Danilla Cristina Lemos , Dini Diego Gabriel Torres , Souza Francine Beatriz de , Dalastra Cleiton , Machado José Arimatéia Rabelo , Sousa Valderês Aparecida de , Moraes Mario Luiz Teixeira de , Freitas Miguel Luiz Menezes , Sebbenn Alexandre Magno
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Genetic and phenotypic parameters of fork (BIF), stem form (RET) and diameter at breast height (DBH) for Dipteryx alata provenances and progenies were assessed. The trial was lead in a randomized block design, with 43 treatments (26 and 17 progenies from the municipalities of Três Lagoas and Brasília in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and Distrito Federal, Brazil, respectively) and five plants per plot. The spacing between plants was 3 x 3 meters. The data analysis was performed using the REML/BLUP method (restricted maximum likelihood best linear unbiased prediction). Significant differences were detected between progenies only for DBH. The individual genetic values ranged from 3.7 to 21.7 % for BIF and DBH; genetic variation among progenies ranged from 9 to 10.5 % for BIF and DBH among provenances. Individual heritability in the strict sense was high for DBH (minimum from 0.31), revealing the potential for genetic improvement. Provenance and progenies trial showed genetic variability which can be exploited in forest improvement programs with a broad genetic base.
SITE QUALITY ESTIMATIONS BASED ON THE GENERALIZED ALGEBRAIC DIFFERENCE APPROACH: A CASE STUDY IN ÇANKIRI FORESTS
Authors: Akbas Ugur , SENYURT Muammer
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT In this study, it is aimed that the dynamic site index models were developed for Crimean Pine stands in Sarikaya-Cankiri forests located in middle northern Turkey. The data for this study are 153 sample trees obtained from the Crimean Pine stands. In modeling relationships between height and age of dominant or co-dominant trees, some dynamic site index equations such as Chapman-Richards (M1, M2, M3), Lundqvist (M4 and M6), Hossfeld (M5), Weibull (M7) and Schumacher (M8) based on the Generalized Algebraic Difference Approach (GADA) were used. The estimations for these eight-dynamic site index model parameters with well as various statistical values were obtained using the nonlinear regression technique. Among these equations, the Chapman-Richards’s equation, M3, was determined to be the most successful model, with accounted for 89.03 % of the total variance in height-age relationships with MSE: 1.7633, RMSE: 1.3279, SSE: 1165.6, Bias: -0.0380. After determination of the best predictive model, ARMA (1, 1) autoregressive prediction technique was used to account autocorrelation problems for time-series height measurements. When ARMA autoregressive prediction technique was applied to the Chapman-Richards function for solving autocorrelation problem, these success statistics were improved as SSE: 868.7, MSE: 1.3183, RMSE: 1.1482, Bias: -0.06369, R2: 0.918. Also, Durbin-Watson statistics displayed that autocorrelation problem was solved by the use of ARMA autoregressive prediction technique; DW test value=1.99, DWP=0.4378. The dynamic site index model that was developed has provided results compatible with the growth characteristics expected in the modeling of height-age relations, such as polymorphism, multiple asymptote, and base-age invariance.
ADVENTITIOUS ROOTING COMPETENCE AND RESCUE OF ADULT MATE PLANTS BY CUTTINGS
Authors: Bisognin Dilson Antônio , Lencina Kelen Haygert , Luz Leandro Vinicius da , Fleig Frederico Dimas , Gazzana Denise
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT The competence of adult plants of mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) to undergo adventitious rooting is essential to their vegetative rescue by cuttings. This study aimed to evaluate the adventitious rooting competence of adult mate plants, and then rescue these plants by making cuttings from epicormic shoots induced in different trunk positions. The percent survival and rooting of cuttings from epicormic shoots induced by girdling in seven adult plants were evaluated. The two stock plants whose cuttings had the highest rooting competence were further pruned and girdled to evaluate the effect of the position of epicormic shoots on their adventitious rooting competence. The potential success of rescuing of the same adult plants was also studied with cuttings of epicormic shoots induced by coppicing. The shoots were sectioned in single-bud cuttings, either treated with 3,000 mg L-1 indolebutyric acid or untreated, and then cultivated in a humid chamber for 60 days, and then the percent survival and rooting of cuttings was evaluated. In conclusion, we found that it is possible to rescue adult mate plants by cuttings from epicormic shoots induced by pruning, girdling, or coppicing. The adventitious rooting competence of cuttings differs among adult mate plants, and depends on the position of the epicormic shoots on the trunk from which epicormic shoots are collected.
Diagnosis and management of systemic hypertension due to renovascular and aortic stenosis in patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome
Authors: Furusawa Erika Arai , Esposito Camila Sanches Lanetzki , Honjo Rachel Sayuri , Suzuki Lisa , Leal Gabriela Nunes , Kim Chong Ae , Schvartsman Benita Galassi Soares
Published: November 2018

SUMMARY AIM To describe the incidence, diagnosis, and management of systemic arterial hypertension related to renal artery stenosis in patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome. METHODS Sixty-five patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome were evaluated for hypertension. Enrolled patients underwent Doppler sonography of the renal arteries and Doppler echocardiography. Those with Doppler sonography-detected lesions or with normal Doppler sonography but severe hypertension underwent computed tomography or gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography of the aorta and renal vessels. Patients needing vascular therapeutic intervention underwent conventional angiography. RESULTS Systemic arterial hypertension was diagnosed in 21/65 patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome (32%; 13 male) with a mean age of 13.9 years (5mo-20yrs). In 8/21 patients renovascular hypertension was detected. Angioplasty was unsuccessful in five patients with renal artery stenosis, requiring additional treatment. Doppler echocardiography showed cardiac abnormalities in 16/21 (76%) hypertensive patients. CONCLUSION Cardiac abnormalities and hypertension in patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome are common. Thus, thorough evaluation and follow-up are necessary to reduce cardiovascular risks and mortality of these patients
Dynamic Movement Assessment and Functional Movement Screening for injury prediction: a systematic review
Authors: Bunn Priscila dos Santos , Silva Elirez Bezerra da
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Dynamic Movement AssessmentTM (DMATM) and Functional Movement ScreeningTM (FMSTM) are tools to predict the risk of musculoskeletal injuries in individuals who practice physical activities. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the association of DMATM and FMSTM with the risk of musculoskeletal injuries, in different physical activities, categorizing by analysis. A research without language or time filters was carried out in November 2016 in MEDLINE, Google Scholar, SciELO, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL and BVS databases using the keywords: “injury prediction”, “injury risk”, “sensitivity”, “specificity”, “functional movement screening”, and “dynamic movement assessment”. Prospective studies that analyzed the association between DMATM and FMSTM with the risk of musculoskeletal injuries in physical activities were included. The data extracted from the studies were: participant’s profile, sample size, injury’s classification criteria, follow-up time, and the results presented, subdivided by the type of statistical analysis. The risk of bias was performed with Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies. No study with DMATM was found. A total of 20 FMSTM studies analyzing one or more of the following indicators were included: diagnostic accuracy (PPV, NPV and AUC), odds ratios (OR) or relative risk (RR). FMSTM showed a sensitivity=12 to 99%; specificity=38 to 97%; PPV=25 to 91%; NPV=28 to 85%; AUC=0.42 to 0.68; OR=0.53 to 54.5; and RR=0.16-5.44. The FMSTM has proven to be a predictor of musculoskeletal injuries. However, due to methodological limitations, its indiscriminate usage should be avoided.
Análise da força muscular expiratória e respiração espontânea de indivíduos em ventilação mecânica: estudo transversal
Authors: Cavalcante Jonathan Galvão Tenório , Silva Rafael Dornelas e , Souza Helga Cecilia Muniz de , Moraes Nelson Henrique Lopes de
Published: November 2018

RESUMO Os músculos da expiração têm funções em todo o ciclo respiratório, mas não são frequentemente avaliados no desmame da ventilação mecânica. Assim, revisões e consensos não mencionam a pressão expiratória máxima (PEmáx) e o treino expiratório. Objetivou-se investigar a relação da força muscular expiratória com a respiração espontânea de indivíduos ventilados mecanicamente. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com participantes de 18 a 79 anos de idade. Foram formados os grupos PEmáx satisfatória (GPES) e PEmáx baixa (GPEB) conforme o ponto de corte de 55cmH2O e comparados a parâmetros de desmame. O GPES (n=9) teve desempenho superior ao do GPEB (n=21) no índice de respiração rápida e superficial (IRRS) (40,6±17,6rpm/L e 75,3±44,1rpm/L, respectivamente; p=0,022) e na frequência respiratória (f) (19,1±6,2rpm e 26,1±9,4rpm; p=0,044). A prevalência de PEmáx satisfatória foi pequena, observada no tamanho dos grupos. Além disso, embora a PEmáx percentual do valor predito tenha sido menor no GPEB, como esperado (67,2±15,4% vs. 45,8±14,7%; p=0,001), a pressão inspiratória máxima percentual não diferiu significantemente (82,4±21,8% vs. 67,8±18,4%; p=0,077). A PEmáx se correlacionou moderadamente com o IRRS (r=-0,406; p=0,026) e com a f (r=-0,426; p=0,017). Conclui-se que a PEmáx≥55cmH2O esteve associada à melhores valores no IRRS e na f, e que a redução da força muscular expiratória foi mais prevalente e severa que a da força muscular inspiratória.
Repercussões da cirurgia bariátrica na qualidade de vida, no perfil bioquímico e na pressão arterial de pacientes com obesidade mórbida
Authors: Oliveira Lucas Silva Franco de , Mazini Filho Mauro Lúcio , Castro Juliana Brandão Pinto de , Touguinha Henrique Menezes , Silva Patrick Costa Ribeiro , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo
Published: November 2018

RESUMO A indicação da cirurgia bariátrica (CB) para perda de peso e redução de comorbidades associadas à obesidade é crescente. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar as repercussões da CB na qualidade de vida (QV), no perfil bioquímico e na pressão arterial (PA) de indivíduos obesos mórbidos em três momentos distintos: um mês antes, três meses depois e seis meses após a CB. Participaram da pesquisa 42 indivíduos com obesidade mórbida do programa de CB de um hospital da cidade de Juiz de Fora - MG, os quais foram aleatoriamente divididos em grupo intervenção (GI, n=21) e grupo controle (GC, n=21). O GI sofreu intervenção cirúrgica e o GC foi orientado a manter os afazeres diários usuais durante todo período do estudo, além de receberem acompanhamento nutricional. Foram avaliados a QV, o perfil bioquímico e a PA através do instrumento SF-36, do exame laboratorial de sangue obtido no prontuário dos pacientes e do esfigmomanômetro e estetoscópio, respectivamente. Os resultados demonstraram redução nas variáveis bioquímicas High-density lipoproteins (HDL), Low-density lipoproteins (LDL), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), colesterol, triglicerídeos, hemoglobina glicada, glicose, pressão arterial sistólica e pressão arterial diastólica no GI, após 6 meses de cirurgia. Houve melhora significativa nas variáveis relacionadas à QV, exceto nos aspectos emocionais. Conclui-se que a CB pode repercutir positivamente na maioria dos domínios da QV, na melhora do perfil bioquímico e na PA de pacientes obesos mórbidos após 3 e 6 meses de CB.
Bipedal and unipedal stance in Brazilian football 7-a-side athletes with cerebral palsy
Authors: Lopes Guilherme , David Ana Cristina de
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT To compare postural control between Football 7-a-side players with cerebral palsy (CP) and active non-athletes without neurologic impairments, 28 individuals (15 to 35 years old) were selected and divided into the Non-Athletes Group (NAG), consisting of 14 individuals without neurologic or musculoskeletal injury; and the CP Group (CPG), composed of 14 athletes from the regional football team. A force platform was used to measure anteroposterior displacement of center of pressure (COPap), velocity (COPvel), mediolateral displacement (COPml), and 95% confidence ellipse area (AREA95) on bipedal and unipedal stance. On bipedal stance, there was no difference between groups in anteroposterior displacement of center of pressure (COPap) and velocity (COPvel). On unipedal stance with the dominant leg, the NAG presented better postural control, statistically significant in mediolateral displacement (COPml), 95% confidence ellipse area (AREA95) and COPap (p = 0.003; p = 0.001; p = 0.018, respectively). Our results showed that both groups have similar postural control on bipedal stance, but NAG demonstrated better postural control with unipedal stance than Football 7-a-side players with CP.
Ruth Landes and the remaking of the anthropological canon
Authors: Oliveira Filho José Hildo de
Published: November 2018

Abstract This article analyses Ruth Landes’ contributions to social anthropology based on a series of feminist, queer and postcolonial insights. Landes’ academic trajectory and her biography are used to understand her unique form of writing ethnographies. I try to show that “The City of Women” (originally published in 1947) does not follow classic anthropological tropes present in ethnographies in the 1930s and 1940s. Her rejection of canonical ways of writing is not only a stylistic choice but a result of Landes’ social trajectory. For this reason, “The City of Women” is an essential work in the effort to understand the ever-present challenges posed by writing ethnographic texts.