bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEASUREMENT OF THE TRANSITION OF BARIUM 6s6p1P1←6s6s1S0 USING CAVITY RINGDOWN SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: ZHAO HONG-TAI  , LIU XIAO-JUN  , CAO JUN-WEN  , PENG LIANG-YOU  , ZHAN MING-SHENG  ,   (1)中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所波谱与原子分子物理国家重点实验室,武汉430071; (2)中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所波谱与原子分子物理国家重点实验室,武汉430071,中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所激光光谱学开放实验室,合肥230031
Published: December 2020

We report a set-up for cavity ringdown absorption spectroscopy, and we have measured the line profile of the resonance 6s6p1P1←6s6s1S0 of barium atoms using cavity ringdown spectroscopy method. The absorption spectroscopy line profile of Ba at different temperatures near 553.548nm is gained. The experimental results indicate that the precision for the absorption measurement has reached up to 6×10-7.
THE EFFECTS OF PRE-IRRADIATION ON THE FORMATION OF Si1-xCx ALLOYS
Authors: WANG YIN-SHU  , LI JIN-MIN  , WANG YAN-BIN  , WANG YU-TIAN  , SUN GUO-SHENG  , LIN LAN-YING  ,   (1)北京师范大学物理系,北京100875; (2)中国科学院半导体研究所,北京100083; (3)中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州730000
Published: December 2020

Carbon ions were implanted into crystal Si to a concentration of(06—15)at% at room temperature. Some samples were pre-irradiated with 29Si+ ions, while others were not pre-irradiated. Then the two kinds of samples were implanted with 29C+ ions simultaneously, and Si1-xCx alloys were grown by solid phase epitaxy with high-temperature annealing. The effects of pre-irradiation on the formation of Si1-xCx alloys were studied. If the dose of implanted C ion was less than that for amorphizing Si crystals, the implanted C atoms would like to combine with defects produced during implantation, and then it was difficult for Si1-xCx alloys to form after annealing at 950℃. Pre-irradiation was advantageous for Si1-xCx alloy formation. With the increase of C ion dose, the damage produced by C ions increased. Pre-irradiation was unfavorable for Si1-xCx alloy formation. If the implanted C concentration was higher than that for solid phase epitaxy solution, only part of the implanted C atoms form Si1-xCx alloys and the effects of pre-irradiation could be neglected. As the annealing temperature was increased to 1050℃, Si1-xCx alloys in both pre-irradiated and unpreirradiated samples of low C concentration remained, whereas most part of Si1-xCx alloys in samples with high C concentration vanished.
THE NONLINEAR MECHANISM OF THE FLUID-LIKE FLUCTUATION IN THE Cu-Zn-Al ALLOY
Authors: YANG XIN-E  , GAO HOU-XIU  , LI JING-SHENG  , ZHENG JUN-JUAN  , YANG YU-QIN  ,   (1)天津大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300072; (2)天津大学电子工程学院,天津300072; (3)天津大学理学院应用物理系,天津300072
Published: December 2020

The fluctuation patterns observed in the Cu-Zn-Al alloy are reported and calculated by using a nonlinear approach in this paper.The results show that the fluid-like oscillations of the atom-cells of μm order have exhibited the feature of solitary waves. The oscillation can be maintained by the external driving,and as the internal friction becomes strong,the decay of the amplitude of solitary wave with respect to the time obeys the exponential rule exp (-kt).The calculation is in good agreement with the experimental observations.
TUNNELING SPECTRUM OF MIXED d(x2-y2)+idxy WAVE NORMAL METAL/INSULATOR/SUPERCONDUCTOR JUNCTIONS
Authors: LI XIAO-WEI  , DONG ZHENG-CHAO  ,   淮阴师范学院物理系,淮阴223001
Published: December 2020

According to the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk approach,we calculate the electron transport coefficients through a junction of a mixed d(x2-y2)+idxy wave superconductor and a normal metal with a rough interface. We investigate the effects of rough strength of the interface and the mixing of the two symmetries on electron tunneling.It is found that the tunneling spectrum depends strongly on the relative strength of the two components. The zero-bias conductance peak splits into two peaks due to the mixing.
PROPAGATOR AND EXACT WAVE FUNCTION OF THE TIME DEPENDENTLY DAMPED HARMONIC OSCILLATOR
Authors: LING RUI-LIANG  ,   常熟高等专科学校物理系,常熟215500
Published: December 2020

By means of canonical transformation,a direct quantization scheme is found for a harmonic oscillator whose damping coefficient is time-dependent.By adopting the Gaussian-type propagator and Feynman's path integral method,the exact wave function is derived.Some discussions made.
STUDY ON A METHOD OF THE THICKNESS MEASUREMENT OF ULTRA-THIN PtSi FILM
Authors: LIU SHUANG  , NING YONG-GONG  , ZHANG YI  , ZHANG HUAI-WU  , CHEN AI  , LIU JUN-GANG  , YANG JIA-DE  , LI KUN  ,   (1)材料工程研究所,新加坡119260; (2)电子科技大学信息材料工程学院,成都610054; (3)重庆光电技术研究所,重庆400060
Published: December 2020

Based on X-ray photoelectron spectrum intensity measurements of thin film by ARXPS, a method of determination of the thickness of PtSi ultra-thin films through calculations of electrom mean free path, is described in this article.The result of calculation is in agreement with that of the TEM crystal lattice images analysis.It shows that the method is convenient and can be used to determine the thickness of other ultra-thin films.
THERMODYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF SMPC
Authors: QIN WEI-PING  , QIN GUAN-SHI  , ZHANG JI-SHEN  , WU CHANG-FENG  , WANG JI-WEI  , DU GUO-TONG  ,   (1)吉林大学电子工程系,集成光电子学国家重点联合实验室,长春130023; (2)中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,激发态物理开放实验室,长春130021; (3)中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,激发态物理开放实验室,长春130021;吉林大学电子工程系,集成光电子学国家重点联合实验室长春130023
Published: December 2020

The thermodynamic behavior of single molecule-photon cryocooler(SMPC)was described by the study of participating frequency of phonons in light transitions, heat-light converting efficiency and cooling efficiency. The times of heat distribution were taken as a time scale in the investigation of cooling efficiency. The cooling efficiency curve obtained from our theory has the same shape of experiment curves obtained by other researchers. The reason of a bending of cooling efficiency curve appearing in the cooling region was given. The greatest cooling efficiency of SMPC was investigated, and it is obtained that the best wavelength, which results in the greatest cooling efficiency,is located at the point of one fourth exciting band width from the red edge. As a main conclusion, crystal-line materials are the sole kind of promising materials for obtaining the greatest cooling efficiency.
PHOTON CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY USING SINGLE-MODE OPTICAL FIBERS
Authors: HUANG WEI  , E.R.PIKE  ,   北京建筑工程学院,北京100044
Published: December 2020

Obtaining true beautiful data from any photon correlation experiment demands on serious attention to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Single-mode optical fibers provide the ideal receiver optics for photon correlation spectroscopy measurements. The analysis shows that a single-mode fiber can achieve a high collection efficiency and improve the signal-to-noise ratio effectively in photon correlation experiments. All these features are also demonstrated in experiments.
MEASUREMENT OF EDGE PLASMA PARAMETERS AND THEIR ELECTROSTATIC FLUCTUATIONS ON THE HT-7 SUPERCONDUCTING TOKAMAK
Authors: WANG WEN-HAO  , YU CHANG-XUAN  , XU YU-HONG  , WEN YI-ZHI  , LING BI-LI  , SONG MEI  , WAN BAO-NIAN  ,   (1)中国科学技术大学近代物理系,合肥230027; (2)中国科学院等离子体研究所,合肥230031
Published: December 2020

The radial profiles of the electron temperature Te,the electron density ne,the plasma potential φp,the toroidal Mach number Mp and their electrostatic fluctuations in the plasma boundary region of the HT-7 superconducting tokamak have been measured with a multiarray of Langmuir probes and a set of Mach probes,under the conditions of both ohmic discharge and a lower hybrid current drive.The experimental results show that,under ohmic discharge condition,there is a poloidal velocity shear layer located in the vicinity of the limiter radius,which has a suppression effect on the fluctuations and results in the increase of the radial gradients of Te and ne LHCD intensifies the shear.In the same radial position of the poloidal shear layer,there is also a radial shear with the toroidal velocity,which could be the drive source of the mean poloidal flow needed by the formation for radial electric field.
USING MULTIPLE PARALLEL PLATE ALUMINUM IONIZATION CHAMBER FOR DETERMINING DOSE DISTRIBUTION AT AND NEAR THE INTERFACE OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS AND ITS MONTE CARLO SIMULATION
Authors: GUO HONG-XIA  , CHEN YU-SHENG  , ZHANG YI-MEN  , WU GUO-RONG  , ZHOU HUI  , GUAN YING  , HAN FU-BIN  , GONG JIAN-CHENG  ,   (1)西安电子科技大学微电子研究所,西安710071; (2)西安电子科技大学微电子研究所,西安710071;西北核技术研究所,西安710024; (3)西北核技术研究所,西安710024
Published: December 2020

A multiple parallel plate aluminum ionization chamber has been designed for the study of dose distribution at and near the interface of different materials.The measurement of dose gradient distribution at and near the interface of Kovar/Au/Al,Pb/Al,Ta/Al has been done for 30—100 keV X rays from the synchrotron radiation source, and the dose enhancement factor(DEF) are also provided. DEF for interface of different materials is calculated by Monte-Carlo simulation of particle transportation, and the results are consistent with the measured dose-enhancement factor. A reliable evaluation approach of theoritival and experimental method is proposed for studying X-ray dose enhancement.
SIMULATION OF THE INITIAL GROWTH OF METAL THIN FILMS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE
Authors: WU FENG-MIN  , SHI JIAN-QING  , WU ZI-QIN  ,   (1)浙江工业大学科学研究中心,杭州310014;浙江工业大学应用物理系,杭州310014; (2)浙江工业大学应用物理系,杭州310014; (3)中国科学技术大学天文与应用物理系,合肥230026
Published: December 2020

The atomic processes of nucleation and initial growth of thin films on metal surfaces are simulated by Monte Carlo method,using realistic growth model-Fe on Fe (001) surface and physical parameters.By taking into account the physical processes involved in film growth,such as deposition,diffusion,nucleation,growth,evaporation,edge diffusion and coalescence,the morphology and quantitative characteristies of thin film growth are obtained.The details of thin film growth at high substrate temperatures,such as the change of island density and growth rate with temperature and coverage,are obtained by making statistical counting during the growth processes,which are difficult to access directly in real experiments.
RESEARCH ON THE DYNAMICAL BEHAVIORS OF GaAs/AlGaAs HETEROSTRUCTURES
Authors: LI GUO-HUI  , ZHOU SHI-PING  , XU DE-MING  ,   (1)上海大学理学院,上海201800; (2)上海大学通信与信息工程学院,上海200072
Published: December 2020

We develop the physical model based on the real space charge transfer mechanism and derive the dynamic equations of GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. Complex bifurcations are studied in detail for the forced and unforced cases. It is shown that both periodic attractors and fixed points attractors can coexist under a right dc bias. The hysteresis phenomena are also investigated in theory. For the forced GaAs/AlGaAs, numerical simulation shows that the occurance of frequency-locking, quasiperiodicity, and chaos depends on the frequency and amplitude of the externally applied microwave field, as expected.
COMPUTATION ON GIANT MAGNETO-IMPEDANCE EFFECTS IN FERROMAGNETIC/NON-FERROMAGNETIC/FERROMAGNETIC LAYERED THIN FILMS
Authors: ZHONG ZHI-YONG  , LAN ZHONG-WEN  , ZHANG HUAI-WU  , LIU YING-LI  , WANG HAO-CAI  ,   电子科技大学信息材料工程学院,成都610054
Published: December 2020

Based on the electromagnetic model of ferromagnetic/non-ferromagnetic/ferromagnetic layered films proposed in references [17] and [18] the enhanced giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effects and the GMI ratio dependence on the thickness of the constituent thin films are analyzed numerically in detail.It is showsn that larger difference of resistivity between the ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic layers as well as an optimum thickness of the layered thin films are beneficial to the improvement of the GMI effects.
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE STUDY OF ZnO NANOCRYSTALLITES WITH BN CAPSULES
Authors: LI JIAN-FENG  , YAO LIAN-ZENG  , CAI WEI-LI  , MO JI-MEI  ,   中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程系,合肥230026
Published: December 2020

This Letter describes the photoluminescence properties of ZnO nanoparticles enclosed in BN capsules (ZnO/BN core/shell structure). PL enhancement of over one thousand times of ZnO/BN compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles was observed, which is attributed to the dielectric environment effects of the capsule on the interfacial structures and defect amounts of ZnO quantum dots.
STUDY OF THE ULTRA-LOW TEMPERATURE RESISTANCES OF HEAVY FERMION SYSTEM CeCu6-xNix
Authors: MENG JI-BAO  , CHEN ZHAO-JIA  , LUO JIAN-LIN  , BAI HAI-YANG  , WANG WEI-HUA  , ZHENG PING  , ZHANG JIE  , SU SHAO-KUI  , WANG YU-PENG  ,   (1)中国科学院物理研究所极端条件物理开放实验室,北京100080; (2)重庆大学应用物理系,重庆400044
Published: December 2020

CeCu6 is one of heavy fermion materials. The effect of the partly substitution of Cu by Au, Ag, Pd and Pt on the low temperature properties has been intensively studied. In this paper, we study the temperature dependence of resistance of CeCu6-xNix(x=0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) at temperatures below 1K. Experimental result shows that the temperature dependence of resistance changes with increase of doping content x. Below 500mK, the resistance of sample with x≈0.1 has a linear temperature dependence, showing a typical non-Fermi liquid behavior, while other samples behave as Fermi liquid. This means x≈0.1 is the critical doping for this system. In the case of Au substitution of Cu, the critical doping of which is also x=0.1, the ground state of the system is changed from Fermi-liquid to non-fermi liquid and antiferromagnetic ordering by volume expansion. But in the present case, the ground state of Ni doping systems changes from FL to NFL due to the magnetism of Ni.
LINDEL?F'S EQUATIONS OF NONHOLONOMIC ROTATIONAL RELATIVISTIC SYSTEMS
Authors: QIAO YONG-FEN  , LI REN-JIE  , MENG JUN  ,   东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the Lindel?f's equations of nonholonomic rotational relativistic systems are studied. First, the quasi-velocities of nonholonomic systems and the Hamilton's principle of rotational relativistic systems are introduced. Next, the Lindel?f's equations and their improvable expressions in terms of generalized coordinats and quasi-corrdinates are obtained by using Hamilton's principle. Finally, by means of inprovable Lindel?f's equations, the new form of Chaplygin's equations is derived and the transitional method from relativistic analytical mechanics of the rotational systems to general analytical mechanics is illustrated.
RELATIVISTIC ENERGIES AND FINE STRUCTURES OF THE EXCITED STATES FOR BERYLLIUM-LIKE BⅡ
Authors: HAN LI-HONG  , GOU BING-CONG  , WANG FEI  ,   北京理工大学应用物理系,北京100081
Published: December 2020

The Rayleigh-Ritz variational method is used with a multiconfiguration-interaction function and restricted variation method to obtain the energies of 1s22s2 1S, 1s22s2p1P0, 1s22s2p3P0 and 1s22p2 3P in beryllium-like boron, including the mass polarization and relativistic corrections. Fine structure, oscillator strengths, transition rates and wavelengths are also calculated. The results are compared with other theoretical and experiment data in the literature.
INVALIDATION OF THE SLOWLY-VARYING ENVELOPE APPROXIMATION AND PRODUCING AND ELIMINATING OF THE SPATIAL SINGULARITY FOR ULTRASHORT PULSED-BEAM PROPAGATION IN FREE SPACE
Authors: FU XI-QUAN  , GUO HONG  , HU WEI  , LIU CHENG-YI  , WANG XIAO-PING  ,   (1)华南师范大学传输光学实验室,广州510631; (2)香港科技大学数学系,九龙,香港
Published: December 2020

In this paper we study the propagation of the single cycle or much shorter pulsed-beam in free space. We show the invalidation of the slowly-varying envelope approximation (SVEA) theory because it leads to the spatial singularity of the ultrashort pulsed-beam solution and is inconsistent with the physical significance of the beam propagation. We eliminate the spatial singularity by making use of the complex analytical signal theory (CAS), and then give the solution and simulation of the Gauss, hyperbolic secant and Lorentz pulse beam for SVEA and CAS. The SVEA and CAS solutions are consistent if the pulsed beam becomes long enough.
ISOSPIN EFFECTS ON THE LIGHT PARTICLES IN INTERMEDIATE ENERGY HEAVY ION COLLISIONS
Authors: ZHANG HU-YONG  , MA YU-GANG  , SU QIAN-MIN  , SHEN WEN-QING  , CAI XIANG-ZHOU  , FANG DE-QING  , HU PENG-YUN  , HAN DING-DING  ,   (1)华东师范大学电子科学系,上海200062; (2)中国科学院上海原子核研究所,上海201800; (3)中国科学院上海原子核研究所,上海201800,宁波大学物理系,宁波315321
Published: December 2020

Within the framework of an isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model,the emission features of light particles in 112Sn+112Sn and 124Sn+124Sn are investigated at different beam energy,different impact parameter,different EOS and different nucleon-nucleon cross section.Calculations show that the ratios of light particles are consistent with the systematics of entrance channel isospin and the midrapidity region can emit more neutron-rich particles than projectiles-like rapidity.In addition,it is found that the light particle ratio is sensitive to the nuclear EOS,but not to the nucleon-nucleon cross section,which makes it possible to extract the isospin-dependent EOS.
STUDY ON PHYSICAL CONNOTATION OF AVERAGE BOND ENERGY Em
Authors: WANG REN-ZHI  , ZHENG YONG-MEI  , LI SHU-PING  ,   厦门大学物理学系,厦门361005
Published: December 2020

In free electron band model of three different crystal structures,face-centered cubic (fcc),body-centered cubic (bcc),and hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structures,we fine that the average energy of the four lowest band eigenvalues and the five sub-low band eigenvalues (called as average bond energy Em) is rather close to Fermi level EF.Meanwhile,we also confirm that this conclusion still holds for the practical band in some metals,such as Ti,Zr and Hf with hcp structure as well as Fe with bcc structure etc.,using ab initio pseudopotential and average bond energy methods.Thereby one can further understand the physical connotation of average bond energy Em.
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF DOUBLE QUANTUM-DOT MOLECULE
Authors: WANG LI-MIN  , LUO YING  , MA BEN-KUN  ,   (1)北京师范大学物理系和理论物理研究所,北京100875; (2)北京师范大学物理系和理论物理研究所,北京100875,河北师范大学物理系,石家庄050091
Published: December 2020

We calculated the electronic structure of double quantum-dot molecule with a generalized LCAO approach and the finite element method.Compared with real molecule,the quantum dot molecule can be in the form of covalent bonding or ionic bonding between the two same (or different) quantum dots under different conditions.The condition is related to the distance between the two quantum dots and the energy of each quantum dot.The effects of the potential and radius of the quantum dots on the electronic structure have also been studied with the finite element method.
SPONTANEOUS AND FIELD-INDUCED MAGNETIC PHASE TRANSITIONS IN THE INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND DyMn2Ge2
Authors: GUO GUANG-HUA  , R.Z.LEVITIN  ,   中南工业大学应用物理与热能工程系,长沙410083
Published: December 2020

The temperature dependence of lattice constants a and c of intermetallic compund DyMn2Ge2 is measured in the temperature range 10-800K by using the X-ray method. The magnetoelastic anomaly of lattice constants a is observed at spontaneous magnetic phase transition from paramagnetic state to antiferromagnetic state. The ac magnetic susceptibility of DyMn2Ge2 is measured in the temperature range 4.2-200K. Low temperature magnetic phase transitions in DyMn2Ge2 are discussed in the molecular field approximation by taking into account of next nearest Mn-Mn interlayer exchange interaction. The temperature dependence of magnetization and magnetic curves at different temperatures of DyMn2Ge2 single crystal are calculated. Theoretical calculation shows that the observed field-induced magnetic phase transition in DyMn2Ge2 single crystal at temperature lower than 33K is the transition from ferrimagnetic state into intermediate state.
SYNTHESIS AND QUANTUM SIZE EFFECT OF CARBON NANOPARTICLES DOPED IN GEL-GLASSES
Authors: YANG HE-QING  , WANG XUAN  , LIU SHOU-XIN  , LI YONG-FANG  , ZHANG LIANG-YING  , YAO XI  ,   (1)陕西师范大学,西安710062; (2)陕西师范大学,西安710062,复旦大学应用表面物理国家重点实验室,上海200433; (3)西安交通大学电子材料与器件研究所,西安710049
Published: December 2020

C-nanoparticles with a diameter smaller than 60 nm in xAl2O3-xP2O5-100SiO2(x=0.25—2) gel-glasses have been prepared by sol-gel process. The gels synthesized through partial hydrolysis of PO(OC2H5)3,Al(NO3)3·9H2O and Si(OC2H5)4 were heated at 400℃ or 450℃ in air atmosphere or from 300 to 700℃ in N2 atmosphere, in which —OC2H5 were carbonized to form nanosized C particles. These C-nanoparticles-doped gel-glasses were characterized by optical absorption and TEM.The optical absorption edge shifts to the higher-energy side as the size of the C particle decreases. This phenomenon is interpreted in terms of a quantum confinement effect of electron and hole in the C-nanoparticles. The C-nanoparticles structures were found to be amorphous carbon in the gel-glasses by electron diffraction pattern.
THE STABILITY OF THE CRYSTAL GROWTH FACE IN A MODEL FOR CRYSTAL GROWTH FROM SOLUTION UNDER MICROGRAVITY 
Authors: HUO CHONG-RU  , ZHU ZHEN-HE  , GE PEI-WEN  , CHEN DONG  ,   (1)中国科学院物理研究所,北京100080; (2)中央民族大学物理系,北京100081
Published: December 2020

The stability of the crystal growth face in a two-dimensional mathematical model of-crystal growth from solution under microgravity is studied.The growth rate of a crystal is calculated for various tilt angles of the crystal growth face.It is known from the results of calculation that there exists possibly a stable growth face of the crystal. This face should be a suitably shaped curve with the upper end of the face tilting backwards.
SOLITON CONDUCTIVITY IN HYDROGEN BONDED FERROELECTRICS
Authors: YUAN DE-RONG  , QIAO LING-ZHI  ,   湖北大学物理学与电子技术学院,武汉430062
Published: December 2020

A.Gordon first studied solitonic coductivity in some hydrogen-bonded ferroelectric materials, using the hydrogen-bonded chain model with asymmetric double-well potential, and gave the kink solution and expression for its mobility. However, kink solitons making contribution to proton-solitonic conductivity should be the solitons corresponding to proton transfer between two wells. For this reason, we suggest revising Gordon’s result, giving a low-energy-state kink solution and a new expression for its mobility. With the asymmertic double-well potential transforming to the symmetric one, this expression is reduced exactly to the same form as previous research result. This expression shows that the phase-transision critical index is 1.
INTERACTION BETWEEN AN ELECTRONIC SYSTEM AND MULTIPHOTONS IN A STRONG LASER FIELD
Authors: MA JIN-YI  , QIU XI-JUN  ,   上海大学物理系,上海200436
Published: December 2020

Under the framework of nonlinear quantum field theory,we show the total Hamiltonian operator Htot for the interaction between an electron field and a photon field,and study the contribution of the nonlinear term A2 in the strong laser field.In this paper,we describe electrons with the Schr?dinger quantum wave field of Fermi-Dirac statistics.By applying “self-consistent mean field”,“effective mass” approximation and the displaced harmonic oscillator coherent theory,we derive the Lee-Low-Pines expression f(b+) of electron wave-photon field operator function.Then using the differential formula of f(b+) b+,we derive some relevant calculating formulas,including detailed expressions of electron energy Ek and wave field parameter βw.Furthermore,we also derive self-energy Ek=0 and renormalized mass m of electrons according to these expressions.
INFRARED RESPONSIVITY OF UNCOOLED VO2-BASED THIN FILMS BOLOMETER
Authors: CHEN CHANG-HONG  , YI XIN-JIAN  , XIONG BI-FENG  ,   华中科技大学光电工程系,武汉430074
Published: December 2020

VO2 thin films are used for uncooled microbolometer due to their high temperature coefficient of resistance.In this paper,on the basis of fabricating the uncooled bolometer based on VO2 sputtered thin films,the responsivity for the spectral range of 8-12μm region dependence on bias current and chopper frequency is studied.The result indicates that the responsivity is over 17kV/W and up to 10kV/W at a chopper frequency of 10 and 30Hz,respectively.The device having a detectivity D of exceeding 1.0×108cm (Hz)1/2/W and a thermal time constant of 0.011 seconds has been realized.
INTENSITY NOISE SQUEEZING OF LASER DIODE WITH INPHASE EXTERNAL WEAK FEEDBACK BY HALF WAVE PLATE
Authors: DONG RUI-FANG  , ZHANG JUN-XIANG  , ZHANG TIAN-CAI  , ZHANG JING  , XIE CHANG-DE  , PENG KUN-CHI  ,   山西大学光电研究所,教育部量子光学重点实验室,太原030006
Published: December 2020

Due to the birefringence effect of the quantum well laser and the collimating lens in a low temperature cryostat, the polarization of the output light was changed, therefore the photon number fluctuation of the output individual linearly polarized mode was increased. By compensating the birefringence with a quarter wave plate, and utilizing an inphase external weak feedback to laser diode laser by means of residuary reflection from the two surfaces of a half wave plate, we obtained the output light of 24mW with the photon number fluctuation 2.8dB below the Standard Quantum Limit at the pump current of 34.65mA.
QUANTUM PROPERTIES OF LIGHT OF SQUEEZED VACUUM FIELD RAMAN INTERACTING WITH TWO COUPLED ATOMS
Authors: HUANG CHUN-JIA  , LI JIANG-FAN  , HE HUI-YONG  ,   长沙电力学院物理与信息工程系,长沙410077
Published: December 2020

The squeezing and coherence properties of the light produced by the Raman interaction of single-mode squeezed vacuum field with two coupling atoms are studied by means of quantum theory. Using the numerical method, the relation between the quantum properties of the light and the coupling parameter and initial state of the system is discussed.
THE STUDY ON THE PEIERLS PHASE TRANSITION OF METALLIC HELICAL CARBON NANOTUBE
Authors: ZHANG HONG-QUN  ,   北京师范大学物理系,北京100875
Published: December 2020

Using a Fr?hlich Hamiltonian for the electron-lattice interaction, an expression for the Peierls phase transition temperature( TP)of metallic helical carbon nanotube (n1,n2)has been derived. As an illustration, the formula is used to estimate TP of metallic(n1,n2). The results indicate metallic(n1,n2)are stable against the Peierls distortion and preserve metallic property at and far bellow room temperature.
THE TRANSITION FROM Eu3+TO Eu2+ IN SiO2(Eu) THIN FILMS PREPARED BY ION IMPLANTATION AND CO-SPUTTERING
Authors: LIU FENG-ZHEN  , ZHU MEI-FANG  , LIU TAO  , LI BING-CHENG  ,   (1)中国科学技术大学研究生院物理系,稀土化学及应用国家重点实验室,北京100039; (2)中国科学院半导体研究所,北京100083; (3)中国科学院高能物理研究所同步辐射实验室,北京100039
Published: December 2020

Eu ions doped SiO2 thin films, SiO2(Eu), were prepared by co-sputtering of SiO2 and Eu2O3 and Eu ion implantation into thermally grown SiO2 films. The Eu-L3-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra of SiO2(Eu) films show a doublet absorption peak structure with energy difference of 7 eV, which indicates the conversion of Eu3+ to Eu2+ at-high annealing temperature in N2. The strong blue luminescence of SiO2(Eu) films prepared by ions implantation after films annealed above 1100 ℃ confirms the above argument.
RING SOLITONS, DROMIONS, BREATHERS AND INSTANTONS OF THE NLS EQUATION
Authors: RUAN HANG-YU  , CHEN YI-XIN  ,   (1)宁波大学物理系,宁波315211;浙江大学近代物理中心,杭州310027; (2)浙江大学近代物理中心,杭州310027
Published: December 2020

We Study the abundant localized coherent structures of the (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schr?dinger (NLS) equation which was derived from the fluid dynamics and plasma physics. Using a B?cklund transformation and the variable separation approach, we find there exist much more abundant localized structures for the (2+1)-dimensional NLS equation. The abundance of the localized structures of the model is introduced by the entrance of an arbitrary function of the seed solution. Some special types of the dromion solutions, breathers, instantons and ring type of solitons are discussed by selecting the arbitrary functions appropriately. The dromion solutions can be driven by some sets of straight-line and curved line ghost solitons. The dromion solutions may be located not only at the cross points of the lines, but also at the closed points of the curves. The breathers may breath both in amplitudes and in shapes.
THE ENTROPY OF A KIM BLACK HOLE AND THE NERNST THEOREM
Authors: ZHAO REN  , ZHANG LI-CHUN  ,   山西省雁北师范学院物理系,大同037000
Published: December 2020

We start with Klein-Gordon equation on the background of the Kim-black hole and calculate the free energy and entropy of a scalar field by the-brick-wall method. It is shown that the entropy is not only related to the area of an outer horizon but also is a function of inner horizon's area. Taking some appr oximation, we can obtain that the entropy only is proportional to the area of an outer horizon. Further more, the entropy expressed by location parameter of the outer and inner horizon approaches zero, when the radiation temperature of a black hole approaches zero. This satisfies the Nernst theorem. It can be taken as Planck absolute entropy of a black hole.
CONTROLLING SPATIOTEMPORAL CHAOS IN COUPLED MAP LATTICE SYSTEMS
Authors: ZHANG XU  , SHEN KE  ,   长春光学精密机械学院光学物理系,长春130022
Published: December 2020

We have effectively controled spatiotemporal chaos in homogeneous and heterogeneous coupled map lattice systems by the same phase space compression. Numerical simulation results show that there is a definite functional relationship between the control results and control parameters in a certain region of compressed phase space, when we control the spatiotemporal chaos to homogeneous stable state. Using this control equation and selecting different phase-space compression parameters to control spatiotemporal chaos in a coupled map lattice systems, we successfully obtain various desired stable patterns.
EFFECT OF ION-SOUND WAVES ON ELECTRON TRANSPORT
Authors: ZHENG JIAN  , LIU WAN-DONG  , YU CHANG-XUAN  ,   中国科学技术大学近代物理系,合肥230027
Published: December 2020

Since electrons can exchange energy via emitting and absorbing plasma waves,the effect of ion sound waves on electron transport is studied.The electron thermal conductivity is calculated by reducing an additional electron-electron collision term from the Balescu-Lenard collision intergal.The calculated result shows that the electron thermal conductivity becomes smaller than that by Braginskii's theory.
POSITRON ANNIHILATION STUDY OF THE STRUCTUREAND CLUSTERS IN Fe-DOPED YBCO
Authors: LIU LI-HUA  , DONG CHENG  , DENG DONG-MEI  , CHEN ZHEN-PING  , ZHANG JIN-CANG  ,   (1)河南师范大学物理与信息工程学院,新乡453002; (2)中国科学院物理研究所超导国家重点实验室,北京100080
Published: December 2020

A series of YBa2Cu3-xFexOy(x=0—0.5)samples were prepared in air by the standard solid-state-reaction method.The crystal structures and physical properties have been studied by means of positron annihilation technology (PAT), scan electronic microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).Oxygen contents of the samples were determined by a volumetric method.The results of PAT show that the short lifetime component τ1 and long lifetime component τ2 are all changed anomalously between x=0.12 and 0.15 where the compounds undergo the orthorhombic-tetragonal (O-T) phase transition.In addition,the grain size of the sample with x=0.15 is much larger than that of samples with x0.15,the doped Fe atoms and incoming oxygens tend to associate into clusters rather than to randomly distribute over the crystal lattice.The cluster behavior is in agreement with the results of theory and other experimental results.
ESR STUDIES AND THRESHOLDS OF FEMTOSECOND LASER INDUCED DARKENING IN GLASSES
Authors: QIU JIAN-RONG  , JIANG XIONG-WEI  , ZHU CONG-SHAN  , GAN FU-XI
Published: December 2020

The thresholds of laser-induced darkening in different optical and laser glasses irradiated by a 800nm, 120fs, 1kHz Ti:sapphire laser are reported for the first time. The ESR spectra of irradiated glass show laser-induced darkening results from color-center generation. The glasses are transparent in the wavelength of 800nm, so we suggest that color-center is generated through multi-photon absorption.
ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTENCE OF MAGNETOSTATIC SOLITONS IN FERROMAGNETIC FILMS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF CARRIERS
Authors: YU LI-MING  , WANG QI  ,   上海大学理学院物理系,上海200436
Published: December 2020

Under the influence of semiconductor carriers, within certain frequencies, along the direction of propagation perpendicular to the external magnetic field, magnetostatic surface wave can develop into magnetostatic solitons, with the group velocity and phase velocity being opposite to each other, and the magnitude of the velocity changes with the carriers density.
ENHANCED PHOTOEMISSION FROM METAL NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITE THIN FILMS (Ag-BaO) DOPED WITH RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS 
Authors: XU BEI-XUE  , WU JUN-LEI  , LIU WEI-MIN  , YANY HAI  , SHAO QING-YI  , LIU SHENG  , XUE ZENG-QUAN  , WU QUAN-DE  ,   (1)北京大学电子学系,北京100871; (2)北京大学电子学系,北京100871;云南师范大学访问学者
Published: December 2020

A metal nanoparticles-composite thin film (Ag-BaO), doped by rare-earth elements, was grown by vacuum deposition. Compared with the normal Ag-BaO thin film, the photoemission current of the doped Ag-BaO thin film increases by about 40%. The transmission electron micrograph indicated that Ag nanoparticles become smaller when doped with rare-earth. With the smaller size of Ag nanoparticles, photoelectrons are easier to transgress from Ag nanoparticles via tunnel effect. Thus the photomission current increases.
变质量完整系统Gibbs-Appell方程的形式不变性
Authors: Li Ren-Jie  , Qiao Yong-Fen  , Meng Jun  ,   东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030;
Published: December 2020

Ｉｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ,ｔｈｅＧｉｂｂｓ Ａｐｐｅｌｌ (Ｇ Ａ)ｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｓｆｏｒｖａｒｉａｂｌｅｍａｓｓｈｏｌｏｎｏｍｉｃｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｗｅｒｅｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ ,ｔｈｅｎｔｈｅｄｅｆｉｎｉｔｉｏｎａｎｄｃｒｉｔｅｒｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｆｏｒｍｉｎｖａｒｉａｎｃｅｏｆＧ Ａｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｓｕｎｄｅｒｔｈｅｉｎｆｉｎｉｔｅｓｉｍａｌｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｇｒｏｕｐｓｗｅｒｅｇｉｖｅｎ .Ｎｅｘｔ,ａｃｏｎ ｓｅｒｖｅｄｑｕａｎｔｉｔｙｃａｎｂｅｄｅｄｕｃｅｄｂｙｕｓｉｎｇｔｈｉｓｆｏｒｍｉｎｖａｒｉａｎｃｅｕｎｄｅｒｃｅｒｔａｉｎｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ,ａｎｄａｎｅｘａｍｐｌｅｗａｓｇｉｖｅｎ
聚合物中产生双激子的新通道
Authors: Zhang Xi-Juan  , Li Guang-Qi  , Sun Xin  ,   (1)复旦大学理论物理研究中心和表面物理国家重点实验室,上海200433上海技术物理研究所红外物理国家实验室,上海200083; (2)扬州大学理学院物理系,扬州大学复杂性科学研究中心,扬州225002
Published: December 2020

Ｈｏｗｔｏｅｘｃｉｔｅｔｈｅｂｉｅｘｃｔｉｏｎｓｉｎａｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｉｓａｎｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｓｕｂｊｅｃｔ,ｓｉｎｃｅｔｈｅｂｉｅｘｃｉｔｏｎｐｏｓｓｅｓｓｅｓａｎｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｐｈｏｔｏ ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄｐｏｌａｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎｒｅｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ.Ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｐｒｏｐｏｓｅｓａｎｅｗｃｈａｎｎｅｌｔｏｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｔｈｅｂｉｅｘｃｉｔｏｎｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｗｏ ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｅｘｃｉｔａｔｉｏｎ.Ｔｈｅｒｅｌａｘａｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓｏｆｂｏｔｈｌａｔｔｉｃｅｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｉｏｎａｎｄｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓｔａｔｅｓａｒｅｓｉｍｕｌａｔｅｄｂｙｓｔｕｄｙｉｎｇｉｔｓｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｒｅｌａｘａｔｉｏｎｔｉｍｅｏｆｂｉｅｘｃｉｔｏｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｐｏｌａｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎｒｅｖｅｒｓｉｏｎｉｓｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄ .
Cu:KNSBN晶体中光束散焦-收缩转换现象
Authors: He Guo-Gang  , Wang Xiao-Sheng  , She Wei-Long  , Tao Meng-Xian  , Lin Li-Peng  ,   中山大学超快速激光光谱学国家重点实验室,广州510275
Published: December 2020

Ｗｅｈａｖｅｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄｔｈａｔａｗｅａｋｌｉｇｈｔｂｅａｍｗｉｌｌｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅａｄｅｆｏｃｕｓｉｎｇ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｂｅｆｏｒｅｉｔｃｏｍｅｓｔｏｓｔｅａｄｙｓｔａｔｅｗｈｅｎｐａｓｓｉｎｇｔｈｒｏｕｇｈａＣｕ:ＫＮＳＢＮｃｒｙｓｔａｌｗｉｔｈａｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｓｐａｔｉａｌｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｆｉｅｌｄ.Ｔｈｉｓｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｂｅｃａｍｅｆａｓｔｂｙｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｌｉｇｈｔｂｅａｍ .Ｗｅｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｔｈａｔｔｈｅｄｅｆｏｃｕｓｉｎｇ ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｆｒｏｍｂｏｔｈｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｔｈｅｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｆｉｅｌｄｉｎｔｈｅｃｒｙｓｔａｌｓａｎｄｔｈｅｐｈｏｔｏｖｏｌｔａｉｃａｎｄｒｅｆｏｃｕｓｉｎｇｆｉｅｌｄｓｇｅｎｅｒａｔｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｂｅａｍｉｔｓｅｌｆ.
近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体周期极化畴反转特性研究
Authors: Yao Jiang-Hong  , Chen Ya-Hui  , Xu Jing-Jun  , Zhang Guang-Yin  , Zhu Sheng-Xing  ,   (1)南开大学物理科学学院光子学中心 ,天津　 3 0 0 0 71; (2)重庆三峡学院电子工程系,重庆404000
Published: December 2020

Ｔｈｅｄｏｍａｉｎｒｅｖｅｒｓａｌｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｎｅａｒ ｓｔｏｉｃｈｉｏｍｅｔｒｉｃＬｉＮｂＯ3 ｓｉｎｇｌｅｃｒｙｓｔａｌｓ,ｗｈｉｃｈｗｅｒｅｐｒｅｐａｒｅｄｂｙｔｈｅＣｚｏｃｈｒａｌｓｋｉｍｅｔｈｏｄｗｉｔｈＫ2 Ｏｆｌｕｘａｎｄｔｈｅｖａｐｏｒｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔｅｑｕｉｌｉｂｒａｔｉｏｎ,ｗｅｒｅｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄ.Ｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｓｈｏｗｔｈａｔｔｈｅｓｗｉｔｃｈｆｉｅｌｄｆｏｒ1 80°ｆｅｒｒｏｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｄｏｍａｉｎｒｅｖｅｒｓａｌｉｎｔｈｅｎｅａｒ ｓｔｏｉｃｈｉｏｍｅｎｔＬｉＮｂＯ3 ｃｒｙｓｔａｌｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｓｗｉｔｈ [Ｌｉ] [Ｎｂ]ｒａｔｉｏ.Ｗｅｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕｌｌｙａｃｈｉｅｖｅｄ1 80°ｄｏｍａｉｎｒｅｖｅｒｓａｌｉｎｔｈｅｎｅａｒ ｓｔｏｉｃｈｉｏｍｅｔｒｉｃＬｉＮｂＯ3 ｓａｍｐｌｅｓｏｆ1 . 0ｍｍｔｈｉｃｋｎｅｓｓｂｙｕｓｉｎｇａ4. 0ｋＶ ｍｍｓｗｉｔｃｈｆｉｅｌｄ .ＡｐｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｙｅｘｐｌａｎａｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｉｓｇｉｖｅｎｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅＬｉ ｓｉｔｅｖａｃａｎｃｙｐｏｉｎｔｄｅｆｅｃｔｍｏｄｅｌ.
介质光栅导模共振耦合波分析
Authors: Zhou Chuan-Hong  , Wang Lei  , Nei Ya  , Wang Zhi-Heng  ,   四川大学物理系,成都,610064
Published: December 2020

Ｇｕｉｄｅｄ ｍｏｄｅｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅｉｎａｄｉｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｇｒａｔｉｎｇｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｆｒｏｍａｒｅｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｏｆｅｎｅｒｇｙｉｎｐｒｏｐａｇａｔｉｎｇｗａｖｅｓｗｈｅｎｈｉｇｈ ｏｒｄｅｒｓｐａｔｉａｌｈａｒｍｏｎｉｃｓａｒｅｃｏｕｐｌｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｌｅａｋｙｗａｖｅ ｇｕｉｄｅｍｏｄｅｓｓｕｓｔａｉｎｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｇｒａｔｉｎｇ.Ｉｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ,ｗｅｈａｖｅａｎａｌｙｚｅｄｔｈｅｇｕｉｄｅｄ ｗａｖｅｍｏｄｅｓｉｎａｗａｖｅｇｕｉｄｅｗｉｔｈａｒｉｇｏｒｏｕｓｃｏｕｐｌｅｄ ｗａｖｅａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ .Ｆｒｏｍｔｈｅａｎａｌｙｚｅｄｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ,ｗｅｈａｖｅｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅｄｐｒｏｐｅｒｌｙｔｈｅｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｇｕｉｄｅｄ ｍｏｄｅｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅｉｎａｗｅａｋｌｙｍｏｄｕｌａｔｅｄｄｉｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｇｒａｔｉｎｇ .Ｗｅａｌｓｏｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄｔｈｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓａｍｏｎｇｔｈｅｇｕｉｄｅｄ ｍｏｄｅｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅ,ｇｒａｔｉｎｇｌａｙｅｒｔｈｉｃｋｎｅｓｓ,ｓｕｂｓｔｒａｔｅｔｈｉｃｋｎｅｓｓ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｔａｎｇｌｅ.Ｂｙａｄｏｐｔｉｎｇａｄｅｓｉｇｎｆｏｒａｎｔｉ ｒｅｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ,ｔｈｅｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｉｃｇｕｉｄｅｄ ｍｏｄｅｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅｗｉｔｈｌｏｗｓｉｄｅｂａｎｄｗａｓａｃｈｉｅｖｅｄ .
1.5μm波段基于级联二阶非线性的铌酸锂光波导全光波长变换的理论分析
Authors: Xue Ting  , Yu Jian  , Yang Tian-Xin  , Ni Wen-Jun  , Li Shi-Chen  ,   天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院,光电信息技术科学教育部重点实验室,天津300072
Published: December 2020

Ｔｈｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆａｌｌ ｏｐｔｉｃａｌｗａｖｅｌｅｎｇｔｈｃｏｎｖｅｒｔｅｒｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｃａｓｃａｄｅｄｓｅｃｏｎｄ ｏｒｄｅｒｎｏｎｌｉｎｅａｒｉｔｉｅｓｉｎＬｉＮｂＯ3ｗａｖｅｇｕｉｄｅｓｈａｓｂｅｅｎｃａｒｒｉｅｄｏｕｔｉｎｔｈｉｓｗｏｒｋｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｆｉｎｄｒｕｌｅｓｔｏｏｐｔｉｍｉｚｅｔｈｅｆａｂｒｉｃａｔｉｏｎｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓｆｏｒｓｔａｂｌｅａｎｄｈｉｇｈ ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙａｌｌ ｏｐｔｉｃａｌｗａｖｅｌｅｎｇｔｈｃｏｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ.Ｆｉｒｓｔｌｙ,ｔｈｅｃｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎｏｆｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｒｅｓｕｌｔｓａｎｄｔｈｅｓｍａｌｌ ｓｉｇｎａｌａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｉｓｇｉｖｅｎｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｃｏｕｐｌｅｄｍｏｄｅｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎ.Ｓｅｃｏｎｄｌｙ,ｕｓｉｎｇｔｈｅｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ,ｔｈｅｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｃｅｏｆｔｈｅｆｕｎｄａｍｅｎｔａｌｗａｖｅｌｅｎｇｔｈａｎｄｔｈｅＱＰＭｇｒａｔｉｎｇｐｅｒｉｏｄｏｎｔｈｅｂｕｌｋｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｉｓｇｉｖｅｎｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ.Ｆｉｎａｌｌｙ ,ｔｈｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅｏｕｔｐｕｔｐｏｗｅｒｏｆａｃｏｎｖｅｒｔｅｄｌｉｇｈｔａｎｄｔｈｅ 3ｄＢｂａｎｄｗｉｄｔｈｏｆｆｕｎｄａｍｅｎｔａｌｗａｖｅｌｅｎｇｔｈ ,ｂｕｌｋｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ ,ｇｒａｔｉｎｇｐｅｒｉｏｄｉｓａｎａｌｙｚｅｄ .
Implementing a "publish, then review" model of publishing
Authors: Eisen Michael B , Akhmanova Anna , Behrens Timothy E , Harper Diane M , Weigel Detlef , Zaidi Mone
Published: December 2020

From July 2021 eLife will only review manuscripts already published as preprints, and will focus its editorial process on producing public reviews to be posted alongside the preprints.
Expression and phylogeny of multidrug resistance protein 2 and 4 in African white backed vulture(Gyps africanus)
Authors: Nethathe Bono , Abera Aron , Naidoo Vinny
Published: December 2020

Diclofenac toxicity in old world vultures is well described in the literature by both the severity of the toxicity induced and the speed of death. While the mechanism of toxicity remains unknown at present, the necropsy signs of gout suggests primary renal involvement at the level of the uric acid excretory pathways. From information in the chicken and man, uric acid excretion is known to be a complex process that involves a combination of glomerular filtration and active tubular excretion. For the proximal convoluted tubules excretion occurs as a two-step process with the basolateral cell membrane using the organic anion transporters and the apical membrane using the multidrug resistant protein to transport uric acid from the blood into the tubular fluid. With uric acid excretion seemingly inhibited by diclofenac, it becomes important to characterize these transporter mechanism at the species level. With no information being available on the molecular characterization/expression of MRPs ofGyps africanus, for this study we used next generation sequencing, and Sanger sequencing on the renal tissue of African white backed vulture (AWB), as the first step to establish if the MRPs gene are expressed in AWB. In silico analysis was conducted using different software to ascertain the function of the latter genes. The sequencing results revealed that the MRP2 and MRP4 are expressed in AWB vultures. Phylogeny of avian MRPs genes confirms that vultures and eagles are closely related, which could be attributed to having the same ancestral genes and foraging behavior. In silico analysis confirmed the transcribed proteins would transports anionic compounds and glucose.
A homozygous truncating variant in CCDC186 in an individual with epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Brugger Melanie , Becker‐Dettling Fiona , Brunet Theresa , Strom Tim , Meitinger Thomas , Lurz Eberhard , Borggraefe Ingo , Wagner Matias
Published: December 2020

Coiled‐Coil Domain Containing Protein 186 (CCDC186) is hypothesized to play an important role in the biogenesis of dense‐core vesicles in neurons and endocrine cells. Biallelic loss‐of‐function variants in the encoding gene CCDC186 have been suggested as a candidate gene for a neurodevelopmental phenotype, but only one patient has been described so far. We report a second patient with a CCDC186‐associated phenotype presenting with developmental delay, epileptic encephalopathy, and failure to thrive. Exome sequencing identified a homozygous loss‐of‐function variant in CCDC186 (NM_018017.2) c.767C> G; p.(Ser256Ter) thus providing further evidence to support CCDC186 as a new disease gene for an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder.
Automated Image Analysis Methodologies to Compute Bioink Printability
Authors: Uzun-Per Meryem , Gillispie Gregory J. , Tavolara Thomas Erol , Yoo James J. , Atala Anthony , Gurcan Metin Nafi , Lee Sang Jin , Niazi Muhammad Khalid Khan
Published: December 2020

The lack of suitable bioinks in bioprinting is a major limitation in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The reasons are multifaceted but can primarily be attributed to the contradictory requirements for bioinks to demonstrate desirable bioactivity while exhibiting high printability. Herein, methods are proposed and tools are provided to automatically quantitate the performance of bioinks using image analysis methods and differential geometry. Several artifact structures are used including a crosshatch to evaluate filament fusion, five‐layer tube to evaluate stacked arc accuracy, overhang to test filament collapse, and a novel four‐angled pattern to evaluate turn accuracy. Automatic measurements are 95.8% accurate in delineating pores of a crosshatch pattern, 96.5%, 86.0%, 80.3%, and 80.5% accuracy for each angle of a four‐angled pattern, 98.9% and 97.9% accuracy for the external and internal radii of a five‐layer tube, and 90.6% and 99.0% accuracy for the height and width of a five‐layer tube. This automation reduces the time and effort required to analyze a structure and also provides a standardized set of tools to compare different bioinks.
Oxidation‐Resistant Environmental Barrier Coatings for Mo‐Based Alloys: A Review
Authors: Gatzen Caren , Smokovych Iryna , Scheffler Michael , Krüger Manja
Published: December 2020

Molybdenum‐based materials offer high melting temperatures and promising mechanical properties; therefore, they are potential candidates for high‐temperature components, such as turbine blades. However, at temperatures above 700 °C, molybdenum suffers from severe pesting phenomenon, leading to decomposition of the component. Therefore, oxidation‐resistant environmental barrier coatings are crucial to prevent the material from degradation and to maintain its excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures. This review provides a detailed overview on the different coating concepts for Mo and Mo‐based alloys.
Modulation of Peptide–Graphene Interfaces via Fatty Acid Conjugation
Authors: Parab Atul D. , Budi Akin , Brljak Nermina , Knecht Marc R. , Walsh Tiffany R.
Published: December 2020

Materials‐binding peptides have the capability to specifically recognize 2D nanomaterials and their modification via covalent attachment of nonnatural moieties offers exciting under‐explored possibilities to tune and exploit this recognition property. Here, an integrated suite of experimental approaches is used to reveal how conjugation of a fatty‐acid chain modifies surface adsorption of a graphene‐binding peptide, P1, achieved using quartz crystal microbalance measurements to access biomolecule adsorption free energies at the aqueous graphene interface, atomic force microscopy to investigate the overlayer morphologies, and circular dichroism spectroscopy to probe peptide secondary structures in the unadsorbed state. To complement these data, replica‐exchange with solute tempering molecular dynamics simulations predict the conformations of these biomolecules in both the surface‐bound and unbound states. Conjugation of the fatty acid dramatically modifies the surface‐adsorbed conformations. However, these conformational changes do not lead to substantial differences in the graphene binding strengths for each of the biomolecules studied, due to enthalpic/entropic compensation arising from changes to the contributions of peptide/graphene, peptide/fatty acid, and fatty acid/graphene interactions. These findings provide a fundamental basis for guiding future modification of materials‐binding peptides to adapt their binding propensities for applications using 2D nanomaterials.
A rare cause of syndromic short stature: 3M syndrome in three families
Authors: Isik Esra , Arican Duygu , Atik Tahir , Ooi Joo Enn , Darcan Sukran , Ozen Samim , Simsek Kiper Pelin Ozlem , Utine Eda , Cogulu Ozgur , Ozkinay Ferda
Published: December 2020

3M syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by severe growth retardation, dysmorphic facial features, skeletal dysplasia, and normal intelligence. Variants in CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8 genes have been reported to be responsible for this syndrome. In this study, the clinical and molecular findings of four 3M syndrome cases from three families are presented. All cases had growth retardation, relative macrocephaly, and typical dysmorphic facial features. Their neurological developments were normal. Sequencing of CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8 genes revealed two different novel homozygous variants in CUL7 in Families 1 and 3 and a previously reported homozygous pathogenic variant in OBSL1 in Family 2. In conclusion, a comprehensive dysmorphological evaluation should be obtained in individuals presenting with short stature and in such individuals with typical facial and skeletal findings, 3M syndrome should be considered. Our report expands the genotype of 3M syndrome and emphasizes the importance of thorough physical and dysmorphological examination.
Impact of frailty on protocol‐based weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Matsuda Wataru , Uemura Tatsuki , Yamamoto Makiko , Uemura Yukari , Kimura Akio
Published: December 2020

Aim

Frailty has been shown to be associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV). However, due to limited physiological data, it has been unclear how frailty affects weaning from MV in septic patients subjected to a specific weaning protocol.

Methods

This was a single‐center retrospective cohort study. The study included patients with sepsis on MV who underwent protocol‐based weaning between August 2015 and December 2018. Frailty was defined as a Clinical Frailty Scale score 4 or more. The association between frailty and weaning was evaluated.

Results

Ninety‐nine eligible patients were identified and categorized as frail (n = 67) or not frail (n = 32). The duration of MV was significantly longer in the frail group (8 days versus 5 days, P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, frailty was independently associated with duration of MV (regression coefficient 17.97, 95% confidence interval 1.77–34.17) and successful weaning (hazard ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.36–1.00). There was no significant between‐group difference in duration until the first separation attempt or reintubation rate. Respiratory failure was significantly more common in the frail group as a cause of weaning failure, whereas airway failure was common in both groups.

Conclusion

Frailty was independently associated with a longer duration of MV in patients with sepsis who underwent protocol‐based weaning. Frail patients were more likely to fail spontaneous breathing trials than nonfrail patients during the weaning process, although the risk after extubation was similar.