bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Restudy of the Action of Sulfur Dioxide on Dry Trimethylamine Oxide: Iodine Oxidation and Lewis Acid Chemistry of the Most Reactive Product, (CH3)2(H)NCH2SO3.
Authors: BURG A. B.
Published: May 2016

The first‐order oxidation of the title compound (I) (called "KS8") by KI3 as well as its Lewis acid chemistry is reinvestigated; the latter includes the action of HCl on solid (I) to form the salt (II) or the action of BF3, SO2 and other acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral 1,1′:5′,1′′‐ and 1,1′:4′,1′′‐Ternaphthalenes by Asymmetric Cross‐Coupling with a Chiral Ferrocenylphosphine‐Nickel Catalyst.
Authors: HAYASHI T. , HAYASHIZAKI K. , ITO Y.
Published: May 2016

The dibromonaphthalenes (II) and (V) are coupled with two equivalents of the methylnaphthylmagnesium bromide (I) in the presence of nickel dibromide and a chiral ferrocenylphosphine to yield the ternaphthalenes (III) or (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Dimerization of a Benzoselenete Derivative.
Authors: YAMAZAKI S. , KOHGAMI K. , OKAZAKI M. , YAMABE S. , ARAI T.
Published: May 2016

The regioisomeric diazobenzoselenophenones (III) and (IX), prepared from the corresponding ketones (I) or (VIII), are subjected to photolysis in methanol (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfinato‐Nickel(II) Complexes.
Authors: WENSCHUH E. , ZIMMERING R.
Published: May 2016

A variety of the title compounds such as (III), (VI), (VIII) and (XI) are prepared and characterized by magnetic measurements, IR and electronic spectra.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Control of Electroless‐Plated Magnetic Recording Media by Underlayers.
Authors: MATSUBARA H. , TODA M. , SAKUMA T. , HOMMA T. , OSAKA T. , YAMAZAKI Y. , NAMIKAWA T.
Published: May 2016

The crystal orientation of electroless‐plated CoP films is shown to be influenced by the structure of the electroless‐plated underlayer.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkyne‐Oxalate Ester Reaction. A Formal Carbon‐Carbon Bond Cleavage Process.
Authors: ALPER H. , SALDANA‐MALDONADO M.
Published: May 2016

Terminal alkynes such as (I) react with oxalate esters such as (II) in a Pd‐catalyzed reaction to give trans‐α,β‐unsaturated esters (III) and diynes (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of Acid Bromate Oxidation of trans Mono‐Substituted Cinnamic Acids: Structure Reactivity Correlation ‐ A Non‐Linear Hammett′s Plot.
Authors: REDDY CH. S. , SUNDARAM E. V.
Published: May 2016

In the presence of mercury(II), a Br‐ scavenger, the title compounds such as (I) and its o‐ and m‐isomers are oxidized by bromate to give the aldehydes (II) and glyoxylic acid (III) in a first‐order reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Homoazulene: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions. Parallels to the Chemistry of Azulene.
Authors: SCOTT L. T. , SUMPTER C. A. , ODA M. , ERDEN I.
Published: May 2016

Homoazulene (I) is acylated with the trihaloacetic acid anhydrides (II) in the presence of triethylamine to give the monosubstituted derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Electron‐Transfer Induced Conversion of Enol Ethers into Ketones.
Authors: LOPEZ L. , TROISI L.
Published: May 2016

The alkoxymethyleneadamantanes (I) are oxydized by tris(p‐bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate to give the adamantyl ketones (II), together with the alcohols (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Fluoride Ion‐Mediated Peterson Alkenation of Bis(trimethylsilyl)methylimines: A Novel Synthesis of 2‐Aza‐1,3‐dienes and N‐Vinyl‐β‐lactams.
Authors: LASARTE J. , PALOMO C. , PICARD J. P. , DUNOGUES J. , AIZPURUA J. M.
Published: May 2016

The aldehydes (I) are coupled with bis(trimethylsilyl)methylamine (II) to give the imines (III) which undergo fluoride‐catalyzed Peterson reaction with the aldehydes (IV) to produce a mixture of the azadienes (V) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: (4 + 2) Cycloaddition of Conjugated Azomethines to Aryl Isothiocyanates and Fungitoxicity of the Resulting 6,7‐Dihydro‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolo(3,2‐a)‐s‐triazine‐5(H)thiones.
Authors: YADAV L. D. S. , SHUKLA K. N. , SINGH H.
Published: May 2016

Twelve compounds of type (V) are prepared and tested for their antifungal activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Regioselectivity and C‐F Bond Cleavage in the Reactions of Alkylplatinum(II) Complexes with Amide and Alkoxide Anions.
Authors: PARK S. , PONTIER‐JOHNSON M. , ROUNDHILL D. M.
Published: May 2016

Some novel regioselectivities are discovered from reacting amides with Pt(II) complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: Elastic Properties of Alkali Phosphomolybdate Glasses.
Authors: DAMODARAN K. V. , RAO K. J.
Published: May 2016

Ultrasonic velocities at 10 MHz are measured for two series of phosphomolybdate glasses of general formula xA2O·(100‐x‐y)MoO3·yP2O5 (A: Li, Na, K) containing either 20 or 40 mol% P2O5.
ChemInform Abstract: Sorption Studies of Some Metal Ions on Zirconium(IV) iodomolybdate.
Authors: QURESHI S. Z. , RAHMAN N.
Published: May 2016

It is demonstrated that Hg2+ can be quantitatively separated from a large number of metal ions by using a small column of the zirconium(IV) iodomolybdate ion‐exchanger and HCOOH as eluent.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Reductive, Single Electron Transfer Processes to the Generation and Cyclization of ω‐Unsaturated α‐Amino Radicals.
Authors: MARTIN S. F. , YANG C.‐P. , LASWELL W. L. , RUEEGER H. +
Published: May 2016

The N‐3‐butenyllactams (I) react consecutively with phenylmagnesium bromide (II) and perchloric acid to give the iminium salts (III) which are cyclized upon treatment with samarium iodide in the presence of camphersulfonic acid (CSA) to yield the isomeric ring closure products (IV) and (V), together with the reduction products (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Artificial Photosynthesis of β‐Ketocarboxylic Acids from Carbon Dioxide and Ketones via Enolate Complexes of Aluminum Porphyrin.
Authors: HIRAI Y. , AIDA T. , INOUE S.
Published: May 2016

The structural change of (I) forced by the coordination of (III) enhances the reactivity of (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization of Dicobalt Hexacarbonyl Complexes of 3‐Methylhept‐6‐en‐1‐yn‐3‐ol and Its Derivatives on the Surface of Chromatographic Adsorbents.
Authors: SMIT V. A. , SIMONYAN S. O. , TARASOV V. A. , SHASHKOV A. S. , MAMYAN S. S. , GYBIN A. S. , IBRAGIMOV I. I.
Published: May 2016

Cyclization of the heptenynolcobalt carbonyl complex (Ia) and its derivatives (Ib) ‐ (Ie) on wet silica gel gives the bicyclooctenones (II) and (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Solid‐State Structure of a New Hexachelating Ligand and Its Complex with Gallium(III).
Authors: MOORE D. A. , FANWICK P. E. , WELCH M. J.
Published: May 2016

The new ligand (IV), which crystallizes in the space group P1 with Z=2, undergoes reaction with the Ga‐salt (V) to give the monoprotonated complex (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Binuclear Polyhydrides of Tantalum. Reductive Desulfurization of a Bridging Thioether Ligand and Formation of a Ta2(μ‐S) Unit. X‐Ray Crystal Structure of ((iPr2P(CH2)3PiPr2)TaHCl)2(μ‐S)(μ‐H)2.
Authors: FRYZUK M. D. , MCCONVILLE D. H.
Published: May 2016

The title complex (III) is formed by Na/Hg reduction of (I) under H2 in the presence of (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Bis(dimethylglyoximato)cobalt(II) with NCCH2I and (NH3)5CoNCCH2I3+.
Authors: KITA E. , JORDAN R. B.
Published: May 2016

The kinetics and products of the title reactions are studied (see scheme).
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium Complexes of Trisubstituted Olefins: syn‐Selective Directed Hydrocarboxylation.
Authors: KRAFFT M. E.
Published: May 2016

The aminopentenes (I) are coupled with the dimeric rhodium carbonyl complex (II) to form the dicarbonylrhodium chloride amine complexes (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of Nucleoside 5′‐O‐(1‐Thiotriphosphates), 5′‐Triphosphates, and 2′,3′‐Cyclophosphorothioates Using 2‐Chloro‐4H‐1,3,2‐benzodioxaphosphorin‐4‐one.
Authors: LUDWIG J. , ECKSTEIN F.
Published: May 2016

Coupling of the nucleosides (II) with the benzodioxaphosphorinone (I) and subsequent reaction of the intermediate phosphites (III) with the pyrophosphate (IV) produce the cyclotriphosphites (V) which are oxidized with sulfur to give the thiocyclotriphosphates (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Thermoanalytical Investigation of YBa2Cu3O7‐y Superconductor. Part 4. Mechanism of Perovskite Formation from Various Starting Materials.
Authors: KAMIMOTO M. , SAKAMOTO R. , NEGISHI A. , TAKAHASHI Y. , HIRABAYASHI M.
Published: May 2016

TG results are reported for the YBa2Cu3O7‐y superconductor prepared either from the coprecipitated carbonates of Y, Ba, and Cu or from a physical mixture of Y2O3, CuO, and BaCO3, and the results are compared to those reported for the superconductor prepared from the mixed 2‐ethylhexanoates or oxalates.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermochemistry of Sodium Triphosphate and Sodium Cyclotriphosphate Transformations
Authors: GALOGAZA V. M. , TERESHKOVA S. G. , PRODAN E. A.
Published: May 2016

is studied in dry nitrogen at 293‐880 K by means of DSC, TG, and TLC.
ChemInform Abstract: The Formation and Electroreduction of Silver Sulfide Films at a Silver Metal Electrode.
Authors: HEPEL M. , BRUCKENSTEIN S. , TANG G. C.
Published: May 2016

The new experimental data concerning the electrodeposition and reduction of Ag2S obtained at RRDE electrodes reveal the occurrence of multistate sulfide adsorption (underpotential deposition).
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics of the Thermal Intramolecular Redox Reaction of Pentaamminenitrosylcobalt(III) Chloride in the Solid State.
Authors: MIYOKAWA K. , MASUDA H. , WAKITA H.
Published: May 2016

The intramolecular redox reaction between NO‐ and Co(III) in (Co(NH3)5NO)Cl2 occurring during the first stage of the thermal decomposition reaction is studied in the temp. range 363‐377 K by means of TGA and thermomagnetic analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Spectroscopic Method for Assigning Relative and Absolute Configuration in Acyclic 1,2,3‐Triols.
Authors: WIESLER W. T. , NAKANISHI K.
Published: May 2016

Bichromophoric derivatization of D‐threo‐triols (I) yields the derivatives (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: The Conjunctive Response to Steric Hindrance in Dithiocyanato(bis(diphenylphosphino)alkyl or aryl)palladium(II) Complexes: A New Look at a Classic Series.
Authors: PAVIGLIANITI A. J. , MINN D. J. , FULTZ W. C. , BURMEISTER J. L.
Published: May 2016

The molecular structure of eight closely related representatives of the title complexes are determined by X‐ray diffraction.
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Evidence for the Lysyl Lateral Amine Group Coordination in the (L‐Lysyl‐L‐tyrosine)Cu(II)·2 H2O Complex.
Authors: RADOMSKA B. , KUBIAK M. , GLOWIAK T. , KOZLOWSKI H. , KISS T.
Published: May 2016

The title complex crystallizes in P21 with Z=2.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycidyl Derivatives as Chiral C3 Synthons. Ring Opening Catalyzed by BF3 Etherate.
Authors: GUIVISDALSKY P. N. , BITTMAN R.
Published: May 2016

The high regio‐ and stereoselectivity of the title reaction allows the preparation of optically active, monoprotected vic‐diols such as (III) and (VI), some of which are known as useful building blocks in carbohydrate, terpene and alkaloid chemistry (e.g.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Insertion of Alkynes into Cp2Fe2(CO)2(μ‐CO)2: A Mechanistic Study by Laser Flash Photolysis.
Authors: BURSTEN B. E. , MCKEE S. D. , PLATZ M. S.
Published: May 2016

In the title reaction leading to the dimetallacyclopentenone (III) the substitutionally active species is the CO‐loss photoproduct (π‐C5H5)Fe(μ‐CO)3Fe(π‐C5H5), a result which runs counter to a pathway proposed earlier.
ChemInform Abstract: Virtually Complete Diastereofacial Selectivity in the SN2′ Allylation of Organocopper Reagents.
Authors: NAKAMURA E. , SEKIYA K. , ARAI M. , AOKI S.
Published: May 2016

The regio‐ and diastereoselective carbon‐carbon bond formation via SN2' reaction of organocopper reagents with 4‐alkoxy allylic chlorides such as (I) is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Organic Halides with Olefins Under Ni(0)‐Catalysis. Formal Addition of Hydrocarbons to CC‐Double Bonds.
Authors: SUSTMANN R. , HOPP P. , HOLL P.
Published: May 2016

The electron‐deficient olefins (I) are alkylated with the halides (II) in the presence of a Ni(0) catalyst generated in situ, forming the adducts (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylation of Chrom‐3‐en‐4‐ol Acetates via Their Tributyltin Enolates.
Authors: DONNELLY D. M. X. , FINET J.‐P. , STENSON P. H.
Published: May 2016

The chromanones (I) are converted into the enol acetates (III) which are coupled with the bromides (IV) to yield a mixture of the mono‐ and disubstituted products (V) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Polyhalogenofunctionalized Compounds with Metals and Electrophilic Reagents. Part 10. Reaction of Azomethines Prepared from 2‐Chloro‐ and 2,2‐Dichloro(dibromo)alkanals with Zinc and Acyl Chlorides.
Authors: SHCHEPIN V. V. , FOTIN V. V. , RUSSKIKH N. YU. , VIKENT'EVA A. N. , SINANI S. V.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (I) and (IV) are prepared in 34‐82% yield by condensation of 2,2‐dichloro‐ or 2,2‐dibromopropionaldehyde or 2‐chloroisobutyraldehyde, resp., with the corresponding primary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct IR‐Spectroscopic Observation of (1 + 2)Cycloaddition of Cyclopentadienylidene to Ethylene in an Argon Matrix.
Authors: NEFEDOV O. M. , ZUEV P. S. , MALTSEV A. K. , TOMILOV Y. V.
Published: May 2016

The carbene (II), generated by photolysis of diazocyclopentadiene (I), is trapped with ethene (IV), producing the spiro compound (V).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Palladium Catalyst for Intramolecular Carbametalations of Enynes.
Authors: TROST B. M. , LEE D. C. , RISE F.
Published: May 2016

A catalytic system consisting of a Pd complex, acetic acid, and tris‐(o‐tolyl)phosphine is employed in the cyclization of 1,6‐ or 1,7‐enynes, yielding dimethylenecyclopentanes such as (II) and (IV) or the corresponding cyclohexanes such as (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Some Conversions of 1‐Aryl‐2‐aza‐1,3‐butadienes.
Authors: NIKOGOSYAN L. L. , NERSESYAN K. A. , SATINA T. YA. , PANOSYAN G. A. , INDZHIKYAN M. G.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (V) are prepared for the first time.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Dithioacetals. Part 2. A Novel and Versatile Method for the Preparation of Chiral Dithioacetals.
Authors: THERIEN M. , GAUTHIER J. Y. , YOUNG R. N.
Published: May 2016

The benzaldehydes (I) react with the chiral thioloacid (II) and the thiols (III) in the presence of catalytic amounts of p‐toluenesulfonic acid or zinc iodide to give mixtures of the mixed monoacyl dithioacetals (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐(Acyloxy)alkyl Isocyanates. Part 2. Reactions with Protic Nucleophilic Reagents.
Authors: VOVK M. V. , DOROKHOV V. I. , SAMARAI L. I.
Published: May 2016

It is a characteristic feature of the structure of the title compounds (I) and (VII) that they possess several reactive electrophilic centers as well as a good leaving group.
ChemInform Abstract: Diels‐Alder Reaction of 2‐Aryl‐1‐methylisoindoles with N‐Substituted Maleimides.
Authors: KOVTUNENKO V. A. , KUCHERENKO T. T. , VOITENKO Z. V. , TYLTIN A. K. , BABICHEV F. S.
Published: May 2016

Diels‐Alder reaction of the isoindoles (III) with the maleimides (IV) under kinetic control gives the endo‐adducts (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselectivity in Reactions of Metal Complexes. Part 11. 2,6‐Bis(pyrrolidin‐2‐yl)pyridine: Synthesis and Resolution of the meso and the Optically Active Isomers. Complex Formation with Copper(II) Ion in Aqueous Solution.
Authors: BERNAUER K. , GRETILLAT F.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (III) is synthesized as a mixture of its (R,S)‐, (R,R)‐ and (S,S)‐isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Catalysis in Allylic Alkylations and Rearrangements in Pyrimidines.
Authors: FALCK‐PEDERSEN M. L. , BENNECHE T. , UNDHEIM K.
Published: May 2016

The regiochemistry of the alkylation of 2‐pyrimidinones such as (I) with π‐allylpalladium complexes of the allylic acetates (II) usually depends on the substitution pattern in the allylic system.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of the Pyrrolidine Dienamine of Pummerer′s Ketone with Nitrosocarbonylmethane.
Authors: FREER A. A. , ISLAM M. A. , KIRBY G. W. , MAHAJAN M. P.
Published: May 2016

Nitrosocarbonylmethane, generated from acetohydroxamic acid (II) in situ, reacts with the pyrrolidine dienamine (I) to give the oxazine (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Novel Dicarboxylic Acid Containing Diazacycloheptatriene.
Authors: KAMIREDDY A. R. , MAHALINGAM S.
Published: May 2016

The diphenyl sulfide (I) is oxidized to give the sulfone (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Electron Rich Olefins. Part 3. Formation of the First N,N′‐Persilylated 1,2‐Diaminoethene via a 1,2,3‐Triazoline(4)‐Intermediate with 8 Cyclically Conjugated π Electrons and 3 Neighboring N Electron Pairs.
Authors: BESSENBACHER C. , KAIM W.
Published: May 2016

Exhaustive reductive silylation of the silyltriazole (I) yields the new tetrasilylated E‐1,4‐diazabutene (IV) together with N(SiMe3)3.
ChemInform Abstract: Clay Montmorillonite‐Catalyzed Regioselective Addition of Silyl Ketene Acetals to Pyridine Derivatives: Synthesis of N‐Silyldihydropyridines.
Authors: ONAKA M. , OHNO R. , IZUMI Y.
Published: May 2016

The silyl enol ethers (I) are coupled with 3‐cyanopyridine (II) in the presence of aluminum(III) or iron(III) on montmorillonite to produce the 4‐substituted N‐silyldihydropyridines (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of a Phosphazene Anion.
Authors: MANNERS I. , COGGIO W. D. , MANG M. N. , PARVEZ M. , ALLCOCK H. R.
Published: May 2016

Addition of three equiv. of the lithium hydridoborate (II) to the transannular ferrocenylphosphazene (I) in THF (III) results in H2 evolution and formation of the major product (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of the Products from the Reaction of Phosphoryloxime Anions with Benzalaniline.
Authors: LIORBER B. G. , PAVLOV V. A. , KHAMATOVA Z. M. , MUSIN R. Z. , CHERNOVA A. V. , ZYABLIKOVA T. A. , IL'YASOV A. V.
Published: May 2016

The dianions, formed in situ by treatment of the α‐oximinophosphonates (I) with butyllithium, react with benzalaniline (II) to give the azaphospholenes (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Half‐Sandwich Cyclopentadienyl Complexes of Germanium, Tin, and Lead with Additional Metal Olefin Interactions.
Authors: KOHL F. X. , DICKBREDER R. , JUTZI P. , MUELLER G. + , HUBER B.
Published: May 2016

The title complexes (III) are obtained via the monosilylated (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Borohydride B‐H Activation and Dimerization by a Doubly Bonded, Early‐Transition‐Metal Organodimetallic Complex. Ditantalladiborane Syntheses as Models for Dehydrodimerization of Methane to Ethane.
Authors: TING C. , MESSERLE L.
Published: May 2016

The halide‐bridged ditantalum compounds (I) react with LiBH4 (II) to give the ditantalladiboranes (III) and (IV) according to the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Diiron Complex: A Bimetallic System with Both High‐ and Low‐Spin Fe(II) Centers.
Authors: BREWER K. J. , MURPHY W. R. JUN. , PETERSEN J. D.
Published: May 2016

The complexes (IV) are characterized by electronic, IR and Moessbauer spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes of Alkylating Agents. Part 4. Complexes of Melphalan and Chlorambucil.
Authors: JOESTEN M. D. , KRASNEY E. L. , NEIDERT J. B.
Published: May 2016

Complexes (I)‐(V) of the title ligands are investigated in order to determine the influence of the 2‐chloroethylamine function on the coordinating ability of the amino acid or carboxylate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkylruthenium Nitrosyl Complexes. Migratory Insertion to Coordinated Nitric Oxide and the Mechanism of the Conversion of the Resultant Nitrosoalkyl Compounds to Oximate, Carboxamide, and Cyano Compounds.
Authors: CHANG J. , SEIDLER M. D. , BERGMAN R. G.
Published: May 2016

The alkyl nitrosyl complexes (Ia) and (Ib) are obtained from (Ic) by treatment with alkylating agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of the Metal Mediated Vinylic Cross Coupling Reactions. Part 1. Oxidative Addition: The Reaction of Vinyl Triflates with Zerovalent Platinum. Kinetics, Stereochemistry, and Molecular Structure.
Authors: STANG P. J. , KOWALSKI M. H. , SCHIAVELLI M. D. , LONGFORD D.
Published: May 2016

The oxidative addition reaction of alkylvinyl triflates such as (I) with the Pt complex (II) and the complex Pt(PPh3)2(CH2=CH2) is investigated as a prototypical example of the first step of the Ni triad metal mediated vinylic cross coupling reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Green‐Blue Platinum‐Urea Complexes.
Authors: ANASTASSOPOULOU J. , GANGULI P. K. , THEOPHANIDES T.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of urea with K2PtCl4 in H2O/EtOH leads to formation of a non‐stoichiometric olive green complex.
ChemInform Abstract: 5,10:8,9‐Disecosteroids (= Steroklastanes): A New Type of Modified Steroids.
Authors: LORENC L. , BONDARENKO L. , PAVLOVIC V. , FUHRER H. , RIHS G. , KALVODA J. , MIHAILOVIC M. LJ.
Published: May 2016

Thermolysis of the steroidal peroxides (I) generates the diseco compounds (II) as major products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Application of Electrochemically Produced α‐Methoxy Amides. Part 3. Anodic Methoxylation of Pyrrolidinol Derivatives. Enantioselective Synthesis of cis‐ and trans‐(3R)‐3‐Hydroxyprolines.
Authors: THANING M. , WISTRAND L.‐G.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (IX) and (X) are prepared starting from the L‐proline derivative (I).
ChemInform Abstract: (4 + 2) Cycloaddition Reaction of Dibenzyl Azodicarboxylate and Glycals.
Authors: LEBLANC Y. , FITZSIMMONS B. J. , SPRINGER J. P. , ROKACH J.
Published: May 2016

The (4 + 2) cycloaddition between the furanoid glycal (I) and the azodicarboxylate (II) yields the adduct (III), whose X‐ray structure is determined (space group P21/n, Z=4).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Functionalized Hydroindol‐3‐ols via Tandem Aza‐Cope Rearrangement‐Mannich Cyclizations. Formal Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐6a‐Epipretazettine and Related Alkaloids.
Authors: OVERMAN L. E. , WILD H.
Published: May 2016

The ethynylbenzene (I) is converted to the styrylcerium agent (V) via stannylation and transmetalation.
ChemInform Abstract: The Dipeptide Antibiotic N‐Valyl‐dihydroxyhomoproline: Isolation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: KERN A. , BOVERMANN G. , JUNG G. , WANNING M. , ZAEHNER H. +
Published: May 2016

(i.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Microbial Hydroxylation of Steroids. Part 12. Hydroxylation of Testosterone and Related Steroids by Gnomonia fructicola ATCC 11430.
Authors: HOLLAND H. L. , BROWN F. M. , CHENCHAIAH P. C. , CHERNISHENKO M. J. , KHAN S. H. , RAO J. A.
Published: May 2016

The title fungus hydroxylates testosterone (I) at C‐2β in 40‐60% yield.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18‐Octakis(β‐hydroxyethyl)porphyrin (Octaethanolporphyrin) and Its Liquid Crystalline Derivatives: Synthesis and Characterization.
Authors: GREGG B. A. , FOX M. A. , BARD A. J.
Published: May 2016

A synthesis is described for the hitherto unreported title compound (Va) and some of its octaalkyl derivatives such as (Vb).
ChemInform Abstract: Surface Characterization of Amorphous Alumina and Its Crystallization Products
Authors: ABBATTISTA F. , DELMASTRO S. , GOZZELINO G. , MAZZA D. , VALLINO M. , BUSCA G. , LORENZELLI V. , RAMIS G.
Published: May 2016

is performed by XRD, DTA, and FTIR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygenation of the Unactivated Pyridine System by Acetyl Hypofluorite Made Directly from F2.
Authors: ROZEN S. , HEBEL D.
Published: May 2016

Various N‐heterocycles react with acetyl hypofluorite (II), prepared in situ from sodium acetate and fluorine, to give 2‐acetoxy derivatives as outlined in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Modification of Pyridine‐3‐carboxamide (Nicotinamide) by Radical Substitution.
Authors: TADA M. , YOKOI Y.
Published: May 2016

Substitution of (I) with in situ generated radicals R· has decreasing selectivity in the order of R·: tBu·, iPr·, Et·.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Methylthioindolizine‐3‐carbonitriles Using Nitroketene Dithioacetal.
Authors: TOMINAGA Y. , SHIROSHITA Y. , HOSOMI A.
Published: May 2016

The nitroketene dithioacetal (II) reacts with the N‐(cyanomethyl)pyridinium chlorides (I), generated from the corresponding pyridines and chloroacetonitrile, to form the thioindolizines (III) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Complications in the Reactions of Tris(thio)methyllithium Derivatives with δ‐Valerolactone.
Authors: YATES P. , KREPINSKY J. J. , SEIF‐EL‐NASR A.
Published: May 2016

Coupling reaction of δ‐valerolactone (I) with tris(methylthio)methyllithium (II) or tris(phenylthio)methyllithium (V) and subsequent work‐up give a mixture of the lactol (III) and the hydroxy ketone (IV) or the thioester lactone (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis and Properties of 2‐Substituted Diydropyrimidines.
Authors: KASHIMA C. , SHIMIZU M. , OMOTE Y.
Published: May 2016

Oxidation potentials as well as UV, IR and NMR spectra of the title compounds, e.g. (III), (V) and (VIII), are investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Stable Methyleneboranes of High Lewis Acidity.
Authors: HUNOLD R. , PILZ M. , ALLWOHN J. , STADLER M. , MASSA W. , VON RAGUE SCHLEYER P. , BERNDT A.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (III) are prepared according to the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Organosilicon Compounds. Part 255. Preparation and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of the First Pentacoordinate Silylsilicates.
Authors: KIRA M. , SATO K. , KABUTO C. , SAKURAI H.
Published: May 2016

The silylsilicates (III) are obtained as demonstrated for the example (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal and Molecular Structure of the Neutral Cluster Compound (Rh9(CO)19(NCMe)(Cu(NCMe)2)).
Authors: CIANI G. , MORET M. , FUMAGALLI A. , MARTINENGO S.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of the anion of (I) with the copper(I) complex (II) yields the novel cluster (III) which contains an unusual edge‐bridging Cu(NCMe)2 group as confirmed by an X‐ray structure analysis (space group P21/c, Z=4).
ChemInform Abstract: Serial Radical Reactions of Enol Ethers: Ready Routes to Highly Functionalized C‐Glycosyl Derivatives.
Authors: CRISTOBAL LOPEZ J. , FRASER‐REID B.
Published: May 2016

Cyclization of the compounds (I) and (IV) and trapping of the radical intermediates by the nitrile (III) leads to the title derivatives (II) and (V), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Synthesis of 2,3,6‐Trisubstituted Piperidines: An Efficient Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Pumiliotoxin C.
Authors: LEBEL N. A. , BALASUBRAMANIAN N.
Published: May 2016

Intramolecular cycloaddition of the nitrone derived from (I) to give the bicyclic isoxazolidine (III) and subsequent reductive cleavage of (II) leads to the all‐cis piperidine (IV), which is converted to the piperidines (VI) and (IX) with defined stereochemistry (yield of (IX) not given).
ChemInform Abstract: New Phosphite Method: The Synthesis of Oligodeoxyribonucleotides by Use of Deoxyribonucleoside 3′‐(Bis(1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoro‐2‐propyl)phosphites) as New Key Intermediates.
Authors: WATANABE T. , SATO H. , TAKAKU H.
Published: May 2016

Transesterification of a new type of phosphites such as (III) is shown to be very effective for the synthesis of deoxyribooligonucleotides such as (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Tungsten Silicide Films Deposited by SiH2Cl2‐WF6 Chemical Reaction.
Authors: HARA T. , MIYAMOTO T. , YOKOYAMA T.
Published: May 2016

It is found that the deposition rate of WSix is ∼1500 Å/min at temp. > 500 °C; this is more than three times faster than that observed during deposition from SiH4 and WF6.
Removal of Lead and Zinc From Contaminated Soil by a Novel Chelating Surfactant
Authors: Qiao Hong‐tao , Zhao Bao‐wei , Diao Jing‐ru , Huang Li‐ping , Zhong Jin‐kui , Ma Feng‐feng
Published: May 2016

In the present study, the focus was to explore the feasibility of using a chelating surfactant, sodium N‐lauroyl ethylenediamine triacetate (LED3A), as an effective washing reagent for lead (Pb)‐ and zinc (Zn)‐contaminated soils. The total content of Pb and Zn was equal to 949.6 and 936.4 mg kg−1, respectively. A series of batch washing experiments was conducted. The results showed that the washing experiments reached equilibrium within 17 h, at >3 g L−1 LED3A. The desorption processes of Pb and Zn could be best described by the pseudo‐second‐order equation. The intra‐particle diffusion model implied that the desorption processes included three continuous stages, and that intra‐particle diffusion was not the only rate‐limiting step. Results from the effect of the LED3A concentration and temperature indicated that desorption of Pb and Zn was an endothermic process, and the optimum concentration of LED3A was 7 g L−1. Data from sequential extractions showed that LED3A washing resulted in the decrease of the Pb and Zn percentage in the mobile fractions, and an increase in fractions strongly bonded to the soil matrix. LED3A showed a significant potential for chelating extensive amounts of the used heavy metals from contaminated soil.
Polycatenar Mesogens with Various Degree of Flexibility of Molecular Structure
Authors: Wolska Joanna M. , Topnani Neha , Gorecka Ewa , Mieczkowski Jozef , Pociecha Damian
Published: May 2016

A series of newly synthesised rod‐like polycatenar mesogens forms columnar phases, with the number of molecules in the column cross section depending on the core rigidity. For non‐symmetric molecules, an additional density modulation, namely helical arrangement of molecules with a periodicity of approximately 10 molecular distances develops along the columns. For one of the compounds, a new type of columnar liquid crystal phase with 3D positional order is observed. Introducing a stilbene unit in the mesogenic core enhances the fluorescent properties of the compounds. In the hexagonal columnar phase, polarised light emission is observed.
The Relationship between Co‐rumination and Internalizing Problems: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Spendelow Jason S. , Simonds Laura M. , Avery Rachel E.
Published: May 2016

Co‐rumination refers to the process of engaging in repeated discussion of personal problems in dyadic relationships. The current systematic review and meta‐analysis provided an evaluation of the relationship between co‐rumination and internalizing problems in children, adolescents and young adults, along with an investigation of potential moderator variables. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they quantitatively assessed the relationship between co‐rumination and depression, anxiety and/or internalizing problems using validated measures. An electronic search was conducted in PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Medline, Scopus and the Cochrane Library database of systematic reviews for studies published since 2002. In addition, unpublished studies were located by contacting authors in the field and by online searches of dissertation databases. Thirty‐eight studies were deemed eligible for inclusion comprising a total of 12 829 community‐based participants. A random‐effects model was employed in the analysis, and effect sizes were obtained exclusively from cross‐sectional data. Small to moderate effect sizes were found across four outcomes representing internalizing problems (mean corrected correlation range 0.14 to 0.26), with no significant variability across these variables. Female participants were found to score significantly higher on measures of co‐rumination compared with males (d = −0.55). Moderator analyses revealed mixed findings. No significant effects were found for age, gender or publication status. A significant effect was found for co‐rumination questionnaire version used (p = 0.05), and a marginal effect found for co‐rumination partner (same‐sex best friend versus other confidants; p = 0.08). These findings indicate that co‐rumination may have a modest but significant association with internalizing problems. The implications of these findings and directions for further research are discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Key Practitioner Message

Co‐rumination has maladaptive (repetitive, unproductive discussion of problems) components, but also shows an association with friendship satisfaction.

The current review found that co‐rumination has small‐moderate association with depression and anxiety.

Practitioners should be aware of the way in which people discuss affective distress with others.
Language Barriers and Immigrant Health
Authors: Clarke Andrew , Isphording Ingo E.
Published: May 2016

We study the impact of language deficiency on the health status of childhood migrants to Australia. Our identification strategy relies on a quasi‐experiment comparing immigrants arriving at different ages and from different linguistic origins. In the presence of considerable non‐classical measurement error in self‐reported language proficiency, our results provide lower and upper bounds for a strong negative effect of English deficiency on health of between one half and a full standard deviation in the health score. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
(‐)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate decreases colonic inflammation and permeability in a mouse model of colitis, but reduces macronutrient digestion and exacerbates weight loss
Authors: Bitzer Zachary T. , Elias Ryan J. , Vijay‐Kumar Matam , Lambert Joshua D.
Published: May 2016

Scope

(‐)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) has been reported to have putative health effects including the prevention of inflammation and obesity. Historically, polyphenols have been regarded as antinutritionals and while such effects may be beneficial in obese subjects, they may be deleterious in nutritionally compromised individuals.

Methods and results

We examined the effect of EGCG in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐treated mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Following induction of colitis, mice were treated with EGCG (3.2 mg/g) as the sole source of drinking fluid for 3 days. EGCG treatment mitigated DSS‐induced colon shortening and spleen enlargement. EGCG also decreased colonic protein levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α, as well as colonic lipid peroxides compared to DSS‐treated controls. We observed that EGCG reduced DSS‐induced gastrointestinal permeability. These beneficial effects were offset by enhanced body weight loss in EGCG‐treated mice compared to DSS‐treated controls. These effects were related to decreased protein and lipid digestion in EGCG‐treated mice compared to DSS‐treated controls.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that although EGCG may exert anti‐inflammatory effects, its ability to modulate macronutrient digestion may represent a dose‐limiting adverse effect that must be considered in the context of its use for treating inflammatory bowel disease.
Helminths and the northern bobwhite population decline: A review
Authors: Olsen Andrew C. , Brennan Leonard A. , Fedynich Alan M.
Published: May 2016

Long‐term data from the Breeding Bird Survey and Christmas Bird Count indicate that northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter, bobwhite) populations have declined since 1961 in all but 1 of the 31 states they occupy within the United States. This long‐term population decline is largely due to habitat loss. However, several other factors, including parasitism, have been considered as possible contributors or even primary causes of the bobwhite population decline. We review recent research on the helminths that infect bobwhites, particularly in Texas, and compare the bobwhite–helminth system to other galliform–helminth systems. We hypothesize that helminths do not affect bobwhite populations under favorable habitat conditions and that any observed localized population impacts may be proximate causes of the bobwhite population decline rather than ultimate causes of the bobwhite population decline. Helminth survey data provide insufficient evidence of negative effects on individual bobwhites or on their populations. Although surveys provide important data and should continue, experimental studies are the best way to identify the impact that helminths may have on bobwhites at the population level. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Modeling transition paths towards decentralized regional energy autonomy: the role of legislation, technology adoption, and resource availability
Authors: Binder Claudia R. , Knoeri Christof , Hecher Maria
Published: May 2016

Decentralized energy systems are increasingly seen as a key factor for a transition towards a low-carbon, renewable energy based society. Within the transition process, regional demand and supply of renewable energy carriers have to be aligned, while considering the environmental conditions of the region. This paper focuses on the energy demand from buildings, which makes up 35 % of the total energy demand. It presents an approach for aligning the regional supply potential of renewable energy carriers with the dynamics of regional energy demand from buildings. The approach consists of two components. First, a dynamic model simulates regional energy demand from buildings taking into consideration envelope renovation, legislative standards, and adoption of heating technologies. Second, the regional supply is estimated based on the technical maximum possible, taking into consideration competing uses and spatial limitations. We show a first application in the case of the energy region Weiz-Gleisdorf, Austria, which aims to achieve CO2 neutrality and energy self-sufficiency by the year 2050. Our results show that in the year 2050 (i) energy demand from buildings will decrease by 40–55 %, depending on envelope renovation rates and legislative standards; (ii) demand for the different renewable energy carriers will be determined by the choice of heating technology; (iii) the demand for wood could be met from regional forest resources, as long as there are no additional demands for other purposes; (iv) the demand for biomass for district heating would require 5–10 % of the agricultural area to be used for the production of energy plants rather than food; and (v) in contrast to other forms of energy, the demand for electricity will remain constant or increase slightly over time. This demand could only be regionally met if significant areas of façades or gardens are used for photovoltaic electricity production in addition to roofs. Overall we identified several issues related to spatial planning and a need for further research regarding the transition towards decentralized energy systems. First, if biomass for central district heating systems is to come from regional production, areas should be allocated for cultivating energy crops used specifically to produce fuel. Second, if wood is used for district heating purposes, the extent to which the import of wood from neighboring regions would be a useful ecological solution must be evaluated; this would involve extending regional energy planning beyond the typical jurisdictional boundaries while considering ecological issues.
Isotropic-turbulence-induced mass transfer across a severely contaminated water surface
Authors: Herlina H. , Wissink J. G.
Published: May 2016

Direct numerical simulations were performed to investigate the effect of severe contamination on interfacial gas transfer in the presence of isotropic turbulence diffusing from below. A no-slip boundary condition was employed at the interface to model the severe contamination effect. The influence of both Schmidt number ($Sc$) and turbulent Reynolds number ($R_{T}$) on the transfer velocity ($K_{L}$) was studied. In the range from $Sc=2$ up to $Sc=500$ it was found that $K_{L}\propto Sc^{-2/3}$, which is in agreement with predictions based on solid–liquid transport models, see e.g. Davies (1972, Turbulence Phenomena, Academic). For similar $R_{T}$, the transfer velocity was observed to reduce significantly compared with the free-slip conditions. The reduction becomes more pronounced with increasing Schmidt number. Similar to the observation for free-slip conditions made by Theofanous et al. (Intl J. Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 19 (6), 1976, pp. 613–624), the normalized $K_{L}$ in the present no-slip case was also found to depend on $R_{T}^{-1/2}$ and $R_{T}^{-1/4}$ for small and large turbulent Reynolds numbers, respectively.
The effect of surface-charge convection on the settling velocity of spherical drops in a uniform electric field
Authors: Yariv Ehud , Almog Yaniv
Published: May 2016

The mechanism of surface-charge convection, quantified by the electric Reynolds number $Re$, renders the Melcher–Taylor electrohydrodynamic model inherently nonlinear, with the electrostatic problem coupled to the flow. Because of this nonlinear coupling, the settling speed of a drop under a uniform electric field differs from that in its absence. This difference was calculated by Xu & Homsy (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 564, 2006, pp. 395–414) assuming small $Re$. We here address the same problem using a different route, considering the case where the applied electric field is weak in the sense that the magnitude of the associated electrohydrodynamic velocity is small compared with the settling velocity. As convection is determined at leading order by the well-known flow associated with pure settling, the electrostatic problem becomes linear for arbitrary value of $Re$. The electrohydrodynamic correction to the settling speed is then provided as a linear functional of the electric-stress distribution associated with that problem. Calculation of the settling speed eventually amounts to the solution of a difference equation governing the respective coefficients in a spherical harmonics expansion of the electric potential. It is shown that, despite the present weak-field assumption, our model reproduces the small-$Re$ approximation of Xu and Homsy as a particular case. For finite $Re$, inspection of the difference equation reveals a singularity at the critical $Re$-value $4S(1+R)(1+M)/(1+S)M$, wherein $R$, $S$ and $M$ respectively denote the ratios of resistivity, permittivity and viscosity values in the suspending and drop phases, as defined by Melcher & Taylor (Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., vol. 1, 1969, pp. 111–146). Straightforward numerical solutions of this equation for electric Reynolds numbers smaller than the critical value reveal a non-monotonic dependence of the settling speed upon the electric field magnitude, including a transition from velocity enhancement to velocity decrement.
Impacts of short-term germination delay on fitness of the annual weed Agrostemma githago (L.)
Authors: Rühl A. Theresa , Donath Tobias W. , Otte Annette , Eckstein R. Lutz
Published: May 2016

Time of seedling emergence is an important step in the life cycle of annual plants because it may determine subsequent performance and success. Timing of emergence is especially critical to plant performance in habitats like arable fields which are subject to frequent disturbances. Within-season variation in timing of germination in the range of only a few days is typical for many arable weeds. However, since it is unclear whether such small deviations in germination date translate into fitness differences in the course of the life cycle, the aim of this paper was to quantify the effects of short germination delays on plant performance. We conducted two generalized randomized block experiments in an unheated greenhouse to study the impact of delayed germination (1, 2, 3 and 7 d) with and without competition, respectively, on the fitness of the arable weed species Agrostemma githago (L.). We expected that delayed germination significantly reduces fitness in terms of several life-history traits, and that the decrease of fitness is higher in the presence of competition. Under realistic conditions with competition through barley, Agrostemma plants with delayed germination of 7 d produced 54% fewer shoots, 57% less biomass, 52% fewer flowers, 36% lighter seeds and were 23% shorter as compared to control plants without delayed germination. Without additional stress through competition with barley this pattern was less pronounced. Thus, in the situation of interspecific competition, early emerging seedlings have biologically significant fitness advantages over later emerging seedlings of the same species.
Erythrocyte glutathione transferase: a general probe for chemical contaminations in mammals
Authors: Bocedi A , Fabrini R , Lai O , Alfieri L , Roncoroni C , Noce A , Pedersen JZ , Ricci G
Published: May 2016

Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are enzymes devoted to the protection of cells against many different toxins. In erythrocytes, the isoenzyme (e-GST) mainly present is GSTP1-1, which is overexpressed in humans in case of increased blood toxicity, as it occurs in nephrophatic patients or in healthy subjects living in polluted areas. The present study explores the possibility that e-GST may be used as an innovative and highly sensitive biomarker of blood toxicity also for other mammals. All distinct e-GSTs from humans, Bos taurus (cow), Sus scrofa (pig), Capra hircus (goat), Equus caballus (horse), Equus asinus (donkey) and Ovis aries (sheep), show very similar amino acid sequences, identical kinetics and stability properties. Reference values for e-GST in all these mammals reared in controlled farms span from 3.5±0.2 U/gHb in the pig to 17.0±0.9 U/gHb in goat; such activity levels can easily be determined with high precision using only a few microliters of whole blood and a simple spectrophotometric assay. Possibly disturbing factors have been examined to avoid artifact determinations. This study provides the basis for future screening studies to verify if animals have been exposed to toxicologic insults. Preliminary data on cows reared in polluted areas show increased expression of e-GST, which parallels the results found for humans.
Strong infrared photoluminescence in highly porous layers of large faceted Si crystalline nanoparticles
Authors: de Jong E. M. L. D , Mannino G. , Alberti A. , Ruggeri R. , Italia M. , Zontone F. , Chushkin Y. , Pennisi A. R. , Gregorkiewicz T. , Faraci G.
Published: May 2016

Almost all physical processes in solids are influenced by phonons, but their effect is frequently overlooked. In this paper, we investigate the photoluminescence of large silicon nanoparticles (approximately 100 nm size, synthesized by chemical vapor deposition) in the visible to the infrared detection range. We find that upon increasing laser irradiance, an enormous photoluminescence emission band appears in the infrared. Its intensity exhibits a superlinear power dependence, increasing over four orders of magnitude in the investigated pump power range. Particles of different sizes as well as different shapes in porous layers are investigated. The results are discussed taking into account the efficient generation of phonons under high-power pumping and the reduced capability, porosity dependent, of the silicon nanoparticles to exchange energy with each other and with the substrate. Our findings are relevant for heat management strategies in silicon.
Identification of novel KIF11 mutations in patients with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy and a phenotypic analysis
Authors: Li Jia-Kai , Fei Ping , Li Yian , Huang Qiu-Jing , Zhang Qi , Zhang Xiang , Rao Yu-Qing , Li Jing , Zhao Peiquan
Published: May 2016

KIF11 gene mutations cause a rare autosomal dominant inheritable disease called microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema, or mental retardation (MCLMR). Recently, such mutations were also found to be associated with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR). Here, we report 7 novel KIF11 mutations identified by targeted gene capture in a cohort of 142 probands with FEVR who were diagnosed in our clinic between March 2015 and November 2015. These mutations were: p.L171V, c.790-2A>C, p.Q525*, p.Q842*, p.S936*, p.L983fs and p.R1025G. Phenotypic analysis revealed that all of the affected probands had advanced FEVR (stage 4 or above). Three had microcephaly and one had chorioretinopathy, which indicated a phenotypic overlap with MCLMR. Two mutations were also found in the families of the affected probands. One parent with a p.R1025G mutation had an avascular peripheral retina and abnormal looping vessels. However, one parent with p.L983fs had normal retina, which indicated incomplete penetration of the genotype. Our results further confirmed that KIF11 is causative of FEVR in an autosomal dominant manner. We also suggest the examination of MCLMR-like features, such as microcephaly, chorioretinopathy, for patients with FEVR and wide-field fundus photography for patients with MCLMR in future practice.