bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Internet-Based Radiology Course in Medical School: Comparison of Academic Performance of Students on Campus Versus Those With Absenteeism Due to Residency Interviews (Preprint)
Authors: Alexander Andrew George , Deas Deborah , Lyons Paul Eric
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND

Imaging and its optimal use are imperative to the practice of medicine, yet many students don’t receive a formal education in radiology. Concurrently, students look for ways to take time away from medical school for residency interviewing. Web-based instruction provides an opportunity to combine these imperatives using online modalities.

OBJECTIVE

A largely Web-based course in radiology during the 4th year of medical school was evaluated both for its acceptance to students who needed to be away from campus for interviews, and its effectiveness on a nationally administered standardized test.

METHODS

All students were placed into a structured program utilizing online videos, online modules, online textbook assignments, and live interactive online lectures. Over half of the course could be completed away from campus. The Alliance of Medical Student Educators in Radiology test exam bank was used as a final exam to evaluate medical knowledge.

RESULTS

Positive student feedback included the freedom to travel for interviews, hands-on ultrasound training, interactive teaching sessions, and quality Web-based learning modules. Negative feedback included taking quizzes in-person, a perceived outdated online textbook, and physically shadowing hospital technicians. Most students elected to take the course during the interview months of October through January. The Alliance of Medical Student Educators in Radiology final exam results (70.5%) were not significantly different than the national cohort (70%) who took the course in-person. Test scores from students taking the course during interview travel months were not significantly different from students who took the course before (P=.30) or after (P=.34) the interview season.

CONCLUSIONS

Students desire to learn radiology and often choose to do so when they need to be away from campus during the fall of their 4th year of study to accomplish their residency interviews. Web-based education in radiology allows students’ interview traveling and radiology course objectives to be successfully met without adversely affecting the outcomes on a nationally normed examination in radiology. A curriculum that includes online content and live Web-based teleconference access to faculty can accomplish both imperatives.
A Systematic Review of Interprofessional Collaboration for Obesity Management in Primary Care, A Focus on Dietetic Referrals
Authors: Aboueid Stephanie , Pouliot Catherine , Bourgeault Ivy , Giroux Isabelle
Published: May 2018

Background: An interpr ofessional approach is recommended in the managementof obesity.Objectives: To elucidate: 1) dietetic referral practices of primary care providers to prevent and manage obesity, and 2) the factors that enable or disable the use of dietetic referrals.Methods: Inclusion criteria: 1) written in English 2) primary care settings, 3) weight-management approaches, 4) referrals to Dietitians, 5) adult patients, 6) published from 2000 and 2017, and 7) meets standard quality criteria.Findings: Factors hindering the use of dietetic referrals included lack of accessibility to dietetic services and associated cost to patients. Working in proximity and relationship building were considered enabling factors for providing dietetic referrals.Conclusions: Multidisciplinary primary care settings facilitate dietetic referrals through relationship building, accessibility to dietitians, and cost-free dietetic services.
Una metodología de diseño de micro redes para zonas no interconectadas de Colombia
Authors: Garzón-Hidalgo Juan D. , Saavedra-Montes Andrés J.
Published: May 2018

En este artículo se propone una metodología para diseñar microrredes en zonas no interconectadas de Colombia. El diseño de la microrred se realiza siguiendo la normativa eléctrica colombiana. Las etapas de la metodología son: recolección de información de campo, evaluación de recursos energéticos renovables y no renovables, estimación del perfil de carga, dimensionamiento de los generadores, diseño de la topología de la microrred y análisis eléctrico. Los calibres de los conductores se seleccionan según la NTC 2050. Se presenta un caso de estudio, para el cual se selecciona la región de Taroa, en el Departamento de la Guajira. Taroa está ubicada en una zona no interconectada de Colombia. A partir de información meteorológica de la zona y el análisis de carga, se seleccionan los equipos de generación usando el software HOMER. Las tensiones en la microrred son calculadas a partir de flujos de potencia utilizando el software Power System Analysis Toolbox. Los generadores son representados con modelos reducidos para agilizar el proceso de diseño. Las variaciones de tensión en los nodos de la microrred diseñada están dentro del 3% de la tensión nominal. Este rango de variación está definido en el Reglamento Técnico de Instalaciones Eléctricas (RETIE). Los resultados de las simulaciones, utilizando datos reales, evalúan la viabilidad de la metodología propuesta.
Analysis of the efficiency of a virtualoptical multiplexing method, by using theta modulation
Authors: Vargas Valencia Javier
Published: May 2018

We present an efficient virtual-optical multiplexing method for compressing information contained in gray level images. The efficiency is measured using three parameters: quality factors of recovered images, memory saving percentage achieved, and number of multiplexed images in the package. Theta modulation techniques are applied, to process an N number of gray level images, by using a virtual-optical 2f architecture, from which we obtain a complex package M, to be stored as two images, amplitude and phase, in commercial formats. We apply pixel optimization and Fourier plane filtering to amplitude and phase images, respectively, storing only a percentage of the Fourier plane with a pixel dynamic range optimization. The stored package spends much less memory than individual images. The recovered images after the demultiplexing process are compared with the original ones by using correlation coefficient, obtaining high quality factors for decompressed images. We perform simulations, showing the efficiency of the proposed process, and our results are compared to the same factors reported in recent publications, making our improvements evident.
Flujo de potencia óptimo para redes radiales y enmalladas empleando programación semidefinida
Authors: Montoya-Giraldo Oscar D. , Gil-González Walter J. , Garcés-Ruíz Alejandro
Published: May 2018

Este artículo presenta una formulación convexa para el problema de flujo de potencia óptimo (Optimal Power Flow-OPF) en sistemas de potencia radiales y enmallados, a través de un modelo matemático basado en programación semidefinida (Semidefinite Programming-SDP), el cual trasforma el modelo cuadrático no convexo del OPF en un modelo convexo relajado, que puede ser solucionado de forma mucho más eficiente. El modelo es implementado en MATLAB usando el paquete de optimización convexa CVX. Los resultados obtenidos son comparados con el modelo no lineal del problema implementado en GAMS y MATPOWER usando cuatro sistemas típicos de la literatura especializada, dos de tipo radial y dos enmallado. Las soluciones encontradas por esta aproximación convexa, son muy cercanas a las respuestas presentadas en la literatura especializada para el modelo no lineal. Este tipo de aproximación permite obtener soluciones de muy buena calidad, muy cercanas a la solución óptima del problema en tiempos computacionales menores y susceptibles de aplicarse en problemas de operación y control en tiempo real.
Feature extraction based on time-singularity multifractal spectrum distribution in intracardiac atrial fibrillation signals
Authors: Urda-Benitez Robert D. , Castro-Ospina Andrés E. , Orozco-Duque Andrés
Published: May 2018

Non-linear analysis of electrograms (EGM) has been proposed as a tool to detect critical conduction sites (e.g., rotors vortex, multiple wavefronts) in atrial fibrillation (AF). Likewise, studies have shown that multifractal analysis is useful to detect critical activity in EGM signals. However, the multifractal spectrum does not consider the temporal information. There is a new mathematical formalism to overcome this limitation: the time-singularity multifractal spectrum distribution (TS-MFSD), which involves the time variation of the spectrum. In this manuscript, we describe the methodology to compute the TS-MFSD from EGM signals. Moreover, we propose a methodology to extract features from time-singularity spectrum and from singularity energy spectrum (SES). We tested the features in an EGM database labeled by experts as: non-fragmented, discrete fragmented potentials, disorganized activity, and continuous activity. We tested the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The proposed features achieve an area under the ROC curve of 95.17% when detecting signals with continuous activity. These results outperform those reported using multifractal analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first work that report the use of TS-MFSD in biomedical signals and our findings suggest that time-singularity has the potential to be used in the study of non-stationary behavior of EGM signals in AF.
CO, Pb++ and SO2 effects on L-type calcium channel and action potential in human atrial myocytes. In silico study
Authors: Pachajoa Diana C. , Tobón Catalina , Ugarte Juan P. , Saiz Javier
Published: May 2018

Exposure to air pollutants like carbon monoxide (CO), lead (Pb++) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) promotes the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. Experimental studies have shown that CO, Pb++ and SO2 block L-type calcium channels, reducing the calcium current (ICaL) and the action potential duration (APD), which favors the initiation of atrial arrhythmias. The goal is to study the effects of CO, Pb++ and SO2 at different concentrations on ICaL and action potential using computational simulation. For this purpose, models of the effects of the air pollutants on the atrial L-type calcium channel were developed and were incorporated into a mathematical model of a human atrial cell. The results suggest that CO, Pb++ and SO2 block the ICaL current in a fraction that increases along with the concentration, generating an APD shortening. These results are consistent with experimental studies. The combined effect of the three air pollutants produced an APD shortening, which is considered to be a pro-arrhythmic effect.
Liraglutide Modulates Appetite and Body Weight Through Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor–Expressing Glutamatergic Neurons
Authors: Adams Jessica M. , Pei Hongjuan , Sandoval Darleen A. , Seeley Randy J. , Chang Rui B. , Liberles Stephen D. , Olson David P.
Published: May 2018

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved weight loss drugs. Despite their widespread use, the sites of action through which GLP-1R agonists (GLP1RAs) affect appetite and body weight are still not fully understood. We determined whether GLP-1Rs in either GABAergic or glutamatergic neurons are necessary for the short- and long-term effects of the GLP1RA liraglutide on food intake, visceral illness, body weight, and neural network activation. We found that mice lacking GLP-1Rs in vGAT-expressing GABAergic neurons responded identically to controls in all parameters measured, whereas deletion of GLP-1Rs in vGlut2-expressing glutamatergic neurons eliminated liraglutide-induced weight loss and visceral illness and severely attenuated its effects on feeding. Concomitantly, deletion of GLP-1Rs from glutamatergic neurons completely abolished the neural network activation observed after liraglutide administration. We conclude that liraglutide activates a dispersed but discrete neural network to mediate its physiological effects and that these effects require GLP-1R expression on glutamatergic but not GABAergic neurons.
Teorias e métodos para o estudo da mitologia nórdica
Authors: Langer Johnni
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo realiza uma sistematização bibliográfica e analítica sobre algumas teorias do mito e suas aplicações conceituais para a Mitologia Nórdica. Também realizamos algumas discussões metodológicas de análise, exemplificando com alguns temas (a donzela do escudo, Teogonia germânica e nórdica, a árvore cósmica euroasiática) e excertos de fontes primárias (De Origine et situ Germanorum, Vǫluspá, Grímnismál, Gylfaginning, Örvar-Oddr saga e a tapeçaria de Överhogdal, entre outras). Os pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos predominantes são o Estruturalismo, a Mitologia Comparada e os estudos abordando a cultura visual dos mitos. Também desenvolvemos uma pequena sistematização de algumas das críticas apontadas aos referenciais da fenomenologia aplicada à interpretação dos mitos, especialmente as que foram desenvolvidas pelos escandinavistas.
2º Seminário de Ciência da Religião Aplicada
Authors: Stern Fábio
Published: May 2018

Esse relato tem como objetivo descrever as atividades realizadas durante o 2º Seminário de Ciência da Religião Aplicada (SEMCREA), apresentando uma síntese dos principais temas abordados e características sobre o perfil do público presente no evento. O SEMCREA é um evento discente do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciência da Religião da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo. O seminário ocorreu no dia 26 de março de 2018 na sala Paulo Freire do Teatro da Universidade Católica de São Paulo, e foi filmado pela TV-PUC.
As Igrejas e a mediação estética nos contextos de iniciação religiosa
Authors: Rodrigues L. M. Figueiredo
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho visa refletir sobre o papel que a arte pode ter na iniciação religiosa, através da sua capacidade de dar visibilidade às buscas espirituais. Ao articular os conceitos de linguagem e tradição, reflete sobre os modos como a cultura se religiosa se transmite e renova. Foca, ainda, a sua atenção na relação que há entre arte, espiritualidade e religião.
Rajakarjalaisen sukunimistön kehittyminen osana Suomen karjalankielisen ortodoksivähemmistön suomalaistumista 1818–1925
Authors: Patronen Outi
Published: May 2018

Outi Patrosen suomen kielen alaan kuuluva väitöskirja tarkistettiin maanantaina 30. lokakuuta 2017 Helsingin yliopistossa. Vastaväittäjänä toimi professori Anneli Sarhimaa Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainzista ja kustoksena professori Tiina Onikki-Rantajääskö. Outi Patronen: Rajakarjalaisen sukunimistön kehittyminen osana Suomen karjalankielisen ortodoksivähemmistön suomalaistumista 1818-1925. Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto.

Kirja on luettavissa osoitteessa https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/224298
Quiste pericárdico: Una causa infrecuente de síncope
Authors: Geldres Echevarría Arnaldo , Rivera Vizcarra Juan , Gúzman Valencia Karen Jemina , Lazarte Villafuerte Yuri Vladimir , Trejo Sánchez Zuly Deysi
Published: May 2018

Los quistes pericárdicos son una entidad infrecuente. En la literatura se hace referencia a una prevalencia de 1/100000 sobre la población general. Suelen ser de origen congénito y solo en raras ocasiones son adquiridos. A pesar de que la forma de presentación clínica más frecuente es asintomática y el pronóstico es benigno, se han descrito importantes complicaciones. El caso que detallamos es interesante debido a que el síntoma principal fue el síncope y estuvo asociado a una obstrucción del tracto de salida del ventrículo derecho. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante las pruebas de imágenes como: ecocardiografia transtorácica, ecocardiografía transesofágica, resonancia magnética. El uso ordenado y adecuado de los estudios de imágenes permitió tomar la decision más adecuada para el paciente. Optamos por el tratamiento quirúrgico debido a la localización del quiste pericárdico y para evitar complicaciones como su ruptura.
Naturación de azoteas aplicando aptenia cordifolia y su efecto sobre la temperatura y humedad relativa en un sistema piloto
Authors: Condori Huamán Fredy Porfirio , Limas Moya Diana Carolina
Published: May 2018

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo, conocer los efectos de la aplicación de Aptenia cordifolia, sobre la temperatura y humedad relativa, en una azotea piloto, mediante estaciones registradoras y celdas de cubierta vegetal, con la finalidad de proponer la naturación de azoteas para incrementar áreas verdes en los distritos de Lima, para lo cual se utilizó un diseño experimental, seleccionando dos áreas con características similares, aplicando en una de ellas cubiertas vegetales de Aptenia cordifolia, y manteniendo la otra sin cubierta vegetal. Los resultados obtenidos fueron registrados durante cinco meses, las 24 horas del día, llegando a las siguientes conclusiones, la variación de las temperaturas obtenidas en la azotea con cubierta vegetal (4 m2 ), logran reducir hasta un 4.46 °C en promedio, con respecto a las temperaturas obtenidas en la azotea sin cubierta vegetal, en el caso de la humedad relativa, se logra incrementar hasta un 17.41 % en promedio.
Análisis de corpus de Barlow como una estrategia de comprensión de lectura de ESAP
Authors: García Rojas Yrma Doris
Published: May 2018

El objetivo del presente artículo es demostrar que la adaptación del análisis de corpus de Barlow puede ser efectiva para desarrollar habilidades de comprensión lectora en un curso de inglés para fines específicos y académicos (ESAP) para un grupo de enfermeras que no hablan inglés en un posgrado programa en una universidad peruana. La estrategia se basa no solo en el análisis del contexto lingüístico, sino en la integración de otros procedimientos asociados con el conocimiento previo de los alumnos como el de los esquemas, también conocido como conocimiento de fondo, que puede denominarse conocimiento que poseen de su especialidad de enfermería. Los resultados demuestran que los alumnos pueden lidiar productivamente con el vocabulario desconocido en un texto de comprensión de lectura basado en la medicina.
La maximización del bienestar económico de la sociedad. Una revisión del óptimo bienestar
Authors: Bellido Flores Andrés
Published: May 2018

No es la búsqueda de la eficiencia económica ni el bienestar general lo que mueve a los individuos a producir y realizar intercambios sino la búsqueda de su propio bienestar. En general, en una economía de mercado las personas producen e intercambian bienes y servicios libremente con el único objetivo de maximizar su utilidad. Este es el enfoque del equilibrio competitivo, que se caracteriza por que las utilidades de los individuos son independientes entre sí. Sin embargo, bajo este concepto no se tiene en cuenta que las decisiones de consumo de los individuos, no solo depende de su nivel de ingreso sino que dependen también de las decisiones que tomen los demás. Esto es obviamente una externalidad en el consumo y es precisamente la naturaleza de esta externalidad la que genera cambios en el nivel de bienestar de la sociedad que no se pueden explicar con el modelo estándar. Esto último es la idea que se explora en esta investigación.
Stiffness Effects of Structural Elements on the Seismic Response of RC High-Rise Buildings
Authors: Kontoni D.-P. N. , Farghaly A. A.
Published: May 2018

The stiffness of structural elements (columns, beams, and slabs) significantly contributes to the overall stiffness of reinforced concrete (RC) high-rise buildings (H.R.B.s) subjected to earthquake. In order to investigate what percentage each type of element contributes to the overall performance of an H.R.B. under seismic load, the stiffness of each type of element is reduced by 10% to 90%. A time history analysis by SAP2000 was performed on thirteen 3D models of 12-story RC buildings in order to illustrate the contribution of column stiffness and column cross sections (rectangular or square), building floor plans (square or rectangular), beam stiffness and slab stiffness, on building resistance to an earthquake. The stiffness of the columns contributed more than the beams and slabs to the earthquake resistance of H.R.B.s. Rectangular cross-section columns must be properly oriented in order for H.R.B.s and slender buildings to attain the maximum resistance against earthquakes.
Design Analysis of an Underground Tunnel in Tamilnadu
Authors: Vanuva Malaia , Jaya K. P.
Published: May 2018

Underground structures have gained importance in recent times all over the globe. Successful completion of such ventures hinges on accurate and realistic design which is neither optimistic nor conservative, and a balanced design is the need of the hour. The present work shows a comparative study on support design, such as Terzhagi’s load theory and quantitative methods of Rock mass quality (Q), Rock Mass Rating of Bieniawski, and PLAXIS-2D Numerical modeling. The results obtained show that final support measures such as shotcreting, thickness, rock bolting, length, frequency, and requirements of steel supports are better. Based on engineering judgment and analytical approaches, realistic support measures were obtained for an access tunnel to be excavated in Nilagiri, Tamil Nadu.
Verification of the Façade Scaffolding Computer Model
Authors: Jamiṅska-Gadomska P. , Bẹc J. , Lipecki T. , Robak A.
Published: May 2018

This paper presents an analysis of natural vibrations of typical façade scaffolding. Three Finite Element Method models with different levels of accuracy of the real structure of the scaffolding representation were used. Modal analysis was carried out for each of these models. The obtained frequencies and mode shapes were compared with the results from the measurements performed on the full-scale scaffolding. The authors of the paper point out the difficulties arise while modelling such structures, and suggest ways to improve the accuracy of scaffolding computational models.
Analysis of the Void Volume Fraction for S235JR Steel at Failure for Low Initial Stress Triaxiality
Authors: Kossakowski P. G.
Published: May 2018

This paper deals with problems of failure mechanisms of S235JR structural steel. One of the fundamental parameters of the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman damage mechanics-based material model is considered in order to describe the behaviour of the material at the plastic range. The analysis was performed on the void volume fraction fF determined at failure of S235JR steel. The case of low initial stress triaxiality η = 1/3 was taken into consideration. Different from the most popular methods such as curve-fitting, the experimental method based on the digital image analysis of the fracture surface of S235JR steel is proposed in order to determine the critical parameter fF.
Effect of Foundry Sand and Mineral Admixtures on Mechanical Properties of Concrete
Authors: Sastry K.V.S.Gopala Krishna , Ravitheja A. , Reddy T.Chandra Sekhara
Published: May 2018

Foundry sand waste can be utilized for the preparation of concrete as a partial replacement of sand. The strength properties of M25 grade concrete are studied with different percentages of replacement of fine aggregates by foundry sand at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. The optimum percentage of foundry sand replacement in the concrete corresponding to maximum strength will be identified. Keeping this optimum percentage of foundry sand replacement as a constant, a cement replacement study with mineral admixtures such as silica fume (5%, 7.5%, 10%) and fly ash (10%, 15%, 20%,) is carried out separately. The maximum increase in strength properties as compared to conventional concrete was achieved at 40% foundry sand replacement. Test results indicated that a 40% replacement of foundry sand with silica fume showed better performance than that of fly ash. The maximum increase in strengths was observed in a mix consisting of 40% foundry sand and 10% silica fume. SEM analysis of the concrete specimens also reveals that a mix with 40% foundry sand and 10% silica fume obtained the highest strength properties compared to all other mixes due to the creation of more C-H-S gel formations and fewer pores.
Hybrid Effects of Stirrup Ratio and Steel Fibers on Shear Behaviour of Self-Compacting Concrete
Authors: Kannam Praveen , Sarella Venkateswara Rao. , Pancharathi Rathish Kumar
Published: May 2018

Shear cracking behaviour of fibrous self-compacting concrete of normal and high strength grade (M30 and M70) is presented here. Two stirrup diameters (6mm ∅ and 8 mm ∅) with a constant steel fiber content of 38 kg/m3 (0.5% by volume of concrete) were selected for the present study. The size of the beam was fixed at 100x200x1200mm. The clear span of the beam 1100mm, was maintained throughout the study. A total of 16 shear-deficient beams were tested under three point loading. Two stirrup spacing (180mm and 360 mm) are used for the shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d = 2). Investigation indicates that initial cracking load and ultimate load increased as the area of shear reinforcement increased by increasing the diameter of stirrup. It was also noted that the failure mode was modified from brittle shear failure to flexural-shear failure in the presence of fibers. The mechanical behaviour of SFRSCC was improved due to the combined effect of stirrups and steel fibers. The stiffness, toughness, and deflection of the beams increased when compared to SCC beams without fibers. The experimental results were compared with existing models available in literature, and the correlation is satisfactory.
Appraising the use of labour-only procurement system for building construction in Nigeria
Authors: Akinkunmi Olutayo Gabriel , Aghimien Douglas Omoregie , Awodele Oluwaseyi Alabi
Published: May 2018

Labour-only procurement system is gaining fast popularity among construction clients who want to make savings by procuring materials themselves, leaving the contractor to provide only the labour needed. This study, therefore, appraised this procurement system by assess­ing its cost performance, its suitability, construction par­ticipant’s willingness to use it for subsequent projects and its merits and demerits. Using a survey design approach through the use of questionnaire and a pro forma, data were gathered from a total of 98 construction profes­sionals and contractors who have been involved in the use of this procurement system. Analyses of data were done using percentage, mean item score, Mann-Whitney U test and paired samples t-test. The study revealed that this procurement system is best for procuring residential buildings and minor alteration works. Construction participants who have used this system before are willing to still use it for subsequent works, as it delivers projects within budget and discourages short-changing of specifi­cations and standard by contractors. However, the need for the time commitment and reduction in contractor’s profit are its major disadvantages. For its cost perfor­mance, an overall cost saving of about 2% was discovered for the assessed 32 projects. The findings of this study will be beneficial to various interest groups such as clients and estate developers in selecting the right procurement option to use.
MAXIMIZING THE SHELF LIFE OF MONOXENICALLY PRODUCED CARRIER-BASED AM FUNGAL BIO-INOCULA FOR MAINTAINING ITS LONG-TERM VIABILITY
Authors: BERNARD FELINOV RODRIGUES KIM MARIA, RODRIGUES
Published: May 2018

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are often applied as bio-inoculants due to their plant growth promoting benefits. The objectives of the present work were to maximize the shelf life of monoxenically produced carrier-based AM fungal bio-inocula of Rhizoglomus intraradices and Funneliformis mosseae. Shelf life of in vitro produced inoculum was studied by assessing the infectivity potential of in vitro produced inocula in an optimum carrier formulation (vermiculite: cow dung powder: wood powder: wood ash in the ratio of 20:8:2:1) during storage at three different temperatures viz., 4 °C, 25 °C and room temperature (RT). The re-germination potential of in vitro produced spores from carrier-based inocula to in vitro conditions was also examined. The in vitro produced inocula stored at 25 °C remained viable up to 6 mo in the organic carrier formulation. 100 % germination was recorded when the spores of both AM species were cultured back to in vitro conditions indicating high viability, and efficiency of the carrier formulation in maintaining vigour of in vitro produced propagules.
Intercropping period between species of green manures and organically-fertilized coffee plantation
Authors: Cardoso Rosileyde Golçalves Siqueira , Pedrosa Adriene Woods , Rodrigues Mateus Cupertino , Santos Ricardo Henrique Silva , Martinez Hermínia Emília Prieto , Cecon Paulo Roberto
Published: May 2018

The adequate supply of nitrogen to coffee plantation is one of the main challenges of organic agriculture. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization with two legume species in different intercropping periods on nitrogen nutrition, initial growth and productivity of coffee plantation. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in 2x4 split-plot factorial design, being that the plot consisted of two intercrops (coffee+jack bean and coffee+hyacinth bean) and the four intercropping periods (30, 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing of the legume), and the subplot by 50% and 100% of fertilization for the coffee plantation. The increase in the intercropping period between legumes and coffee plantation favored a greater increase in height and node number of coffee trees, besides showing higher heights when fertilized with 50% of the recommended dose and intercropped with hyacinth bean. The intercropping with the hyacinth bean resulted in a larger crown diameter of coffee trees in 2010 and a larger diameter accumulated in the two evaluated years. Higher N contents were found in coffee trees fertilized with 100% of the recommended dose. The legumes supplied the nutritional requirements of the coffee harvest fertilized with 50% of the dose. The bean yield of the processed coffee is not affected by the intercropping with the green manures of jack bean or hyacinth bean.
Decomposition and nitrogen mineralization from green manures intercropped with coffee tree
Authors: Cardoso Rosileyde Golçalves Siqueira , Pedrosa Adriene Woods , Rodrigues Mateus Cupertino , Santos Ricardo Henrique Silva , Cecon Paulo Roberto , Martinez Herminia Emilia Prieto
Published: May 2018

The knowledge about the rate of decomposition and nitrogen mineralization of green manures provides synchronization with the higher absorption stage by the coffee tree. The rate of decomposition and nitrogen mineralization varies according to the species of green manure and with the environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the decomposition and nitrogen mineralization of two green manures intercropped with coffee trees for three different periods. The experiment was divided into two designs for statistical analysis, one referring to the characterization of plant material (fresh mass, dry matter, dry matter content, nitrogen concentration and accumulation in the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) and hyacinth bean (Dolichos lablab) and another to evaluate the rate of decomposition and N mineralization of these species. The decomposition rate decreased in both species as their growth time increased in the field. The decomposition was influenced by the phenology of green manures. Nitrogen mineralization of the jack bean decreased as the growth period in the field increased and was faster than hyacinth bean only when cut at 60 days. The N mineralization was slower than mass decomposition in both species.
Characterization of the coffee fruit detachment force in crop subjected to mechanized harvesting
Authors: Ferreira Júnior Luiz De Gonzaga , Silva Fábio Moreira da , Ferreira Danton Diego , Simão Sérgio Domingos , Souza Gabrielly Carvalho de , Ferreira Lucas Kemps
Published: May 2018

In order to adjust the coffee harvester and to assist in deciding either whether or not to make a second pass of the harvester, fully or selectively, it is necessary to know some crop parameters. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the coffee fruit detachment force in the green and cherry ripeness, under different plant positions and in four evaluation periods, throughout the harvest period between the first and second pass of harvester. The cultivar used was the Catuaí Amarelo IAC 144 aged eight years in spacing 3.8 x 0.9 m. Detachment force was determined by sampling using a portable digital dynamometer. The green ripeness stage showed superior detachment force than the cherry for all evaluation periods. The fruit detachment force for the green and cherry ripeness showed a decreasing behavior during the evaluation period, since the difference between the detachment forces of these fruits increased, thus guiding the type of harvest to be performed. Beyond the fruit detachment force difference, other parameters such as fruit ripening rate and crop load were essential for harvest management. Significant variations were identified in the fruit detachment force positioned in different parts of the coffee tree branches. The results also reinforce the relevance of characterizing the coffee fruit detachment force for harvester adjustments and management of the selective mechanized harvesting.
Development and production of fertigated coffee trees in the west region of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Vicente Marcelo Rossi , Mantovani Everardo Chartuni , Fernandes André Luis Teixeira , Neves Julio Cesar Lima , Dias Santos Henrique Brant , Figueredo Edmilson Marques
Published: May 2018

The aim in the present study was to evaluate the effects of different split fertigation and doses on the development and production of drip irrigated coffee in the western region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. The study was performed at the Café do Rio Branco Farm, in Barreiras, BA, Brazil, in adult coffee trees aged approximately 3.5 years from the variety Catuaí IAC 144. A 3 x 3 factorial design was adopted, with three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha-1 year-1 N and K2O) in three monthly split fertigation (two, four and eight times). Stem and crown growth, productivity, yield and sieve were evaluated. The doses of 600/500 and 900/800 kg ha-1 year-1 N/K2O and the splits in two and eight times provided the highest productivities of coffee. A higher split fertigation was observed on the effect of N and K2O doses in coffee development variables (crown diameter and plant height). There was no effect of split fertigation and doses in the classification by sieves of coffee beans.
Kasugamycin influence on bacterial blight of coffee and on green coffee beans physicochemical quality
Authors: Barbosa Ronei Aparecido , Santini Paula Tristão , Guilherme Luiz Roberto Guimarães
Published: May 2018

Brazil stands out as the world’s largest coffee exporter. However, in the cold and windy regions, such as the southern of Minas Gerais, have been undergoing attack of diseases, including the bacterial blight of coffee caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae, which despite not having the same importance as the coffee leaf rust, is causing damages and losses to the coffee plantation. The control is mainly done through preventive measures such as installation of windbreaks. When bacterial blight of coffee is already installed, the chemical control is used with syrups of copper-based products and antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to verify the efficiency of the antibiotic kasugamycin associated with copper hydroxide in the control of bacterial blight of coffee and raw coffee beans quality. The experimental design was a randomized block with five treatments, four replicates and plots of 10 plants in the field where the treatments consisted of different concentrations of the kasugamycin: 0.0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mL ha-1 added with 1.0 L copper hydroxide. The percent analysis was performed on the raw beans in order to verify their physical and chemical quality. The obtained results demonstrate that the solution is efficient in the control of bacterial blight of coffee as well as in the improvement of vegetative vigor and production, but does not influence the quality of raw coffee bean.
Lumbar Muscle Structure Predicts Operational Postures in Active-Duty Marines
Authors: Berry David B. , Shahidi Bahar , Rodríguez-Soto Ana E. , Hughes-Austin Jan M. , Kelly Karen R. , Ward Samuel R.
Published: May 2018

Background

The relationship between lumbar spine posture and muscle structure is not well understood.

Objectives

To investigate the predictive capacity of muscle structure on lumbar spine posture in active-duty Marines.

Methods

Forty-three Marines were scanned in this cross-sectional study, using an upright magnetic resonance imaging scanner while standing without load and standing, sitting, and prone on elbows with body armor. Cobb, horizontal, and sacral angles were measured. Marines were then scanned while unloaded in supine using a supine magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The imaging protocol consisted of T2 intervertebral disc mapping; high-resolution, anatomical, fat-water separation, and diffusion tensor imaging to quantify disc hydration and muscle volume, fat fraction, and restricted diffusion profiles in the lumbar muscles. A stepwise multiple linear regression model was used to identify physiological measures predictive of lumbar spine posture.

Results

The multiple regression model demonstrated that fractional anisotropy of the erector spinae was a significant predictor of lumbar posture for 7 of 18 dependent variables measured, and explained 20% to 35% of the variance in each model. Decreased fractional anisotropy of the erector spinae predicted decreased lordosis, lumbosacral extension, and anterior pelvic tilt.

Conclusion

Fractional anisotropy is inversely related with muscle fiber size, which is associated with the isometric force-generating capacity of a muscle fiber. This suggests that stronger erector spinae muscles predict decreased lordosis, lumbosacral extension, and anterior pelvic tilt in a highly trained population. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(8):613–621. Epub 17 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7865
GOVERNANÇA INTERFEDERATIVA NAS ENTIDADES METROPOLITANAS FEDERATIVAS
Authors: Saleme Edson Ricardo , Bonavides Renata Soares
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho versa sobre as vantagens da criação de entidades supramunicipais, tais como as regiões metropolitanas, aglomerações urbanas e microrregiões. Elas são fundamentais para o crescimento local. O Plano de Desenvolvimento Integrado é lei de referência da entidade autárquica criada pelo estado ou estados. Esta norma é a baliza do que se reconhece como governança interfederativa. Aqui se analisa o caso da AGEM – Baixada Santista, que se esforça pelo desenvolvimento regional. O Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico e Plano de Desenvolvimento Costeiro são referências fundamentais do PDUI local, que conduzirá a Região a um patamar superior, após a regular aprovação.
Лапароскопическая холецистэктомия при остром калькулезном холецистите у больных, ранее оперированных на органах брюшной полости
Authors: Cherkova N. V.
Published: May 2018

Реферат
Цель. Изучение эффективности дооперационной диагностики и лапароскопических методов коррекции спаечной болезни (СБ) у больных с острым калькулезным холециститом (ОКХ).
Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ эффективности дооперационной диагностики и лапароскопических методов коррекции СБ у 110 пациентов с ОКХ, ранее перенесших оперативные вмешательства на органах брюшной полости.
Результаты. Диагностическая ценность сонографии при СБ высокая. Использование ультразвукового скальпеля (УЗС) у больных с выраженными местными воспалительными изменениями тканей в области желчного пузыря и сопутствующей СБ имеет преимущества.
Выводы. Применение УЗС - наиболее эффективный и безопасный метод рассечения спаек и разъединения инфильтрата при ОКХ.
Порівняльний аналіз динаміки рівня спастичності паретичної кінцівки щура на тлі відкритої проникної травми спинного мозку з тривалою персистенцією біосумісного стороннього тіла в каналі хребта
Authors: Tsymbaliuk V. І. , Medvediev V. V. , Senchik Yu. Yu. , Draguntsova N. G.
Published: May 2018

Мета. Порівняти динаміку рівня спастичності паретичної кінцівки щура на тлі тривалої компресії травмованого спинного мозку (СМ) стороннім тілом.
Матеріали і методи. Як первинні цифрові дані використано емпіричний матеріал, отриманий у ряді попередніх досліджень (В. І. Цимбалюк і співавтори, 2016, 2017), виконаних на зрілих білих безпородних щурах-самцях віком 5,5 міс та масою тіла 300 г (інбредна лінія, похідна породи Wistar). Експериментальні групи: група 1 (n=16) - травма СМ, група 2 (n=10) - аналогічна травма СМ та негайна імплантація у зону ураження стороннього тіла. Модель травми - лівобічний половинний перетин (ЛПП) на рівні Т11. Для моніторингу показника спастичності (ПС) паретичної кінцівки використовували шкалу Ashworth; розраховували щотижневий приріст ПС, прискорення приросту та проводили статистичний аналіз у межах програмного пакета STATISTICA 10.0.
Результати. У групі 1 найбільший приріст ПС паретичної кінцівки спостерігали протягом 2 - 4-го та 7-го тижнів експерименту, у групі 2 - протягом 1-го та 5-го тижнів. Перша фаза приросту ПС у групі 2 може бути наслідком глутаматергічного впливу на денервовані мотонейрони в контексті компресійної ішемії тканини СМ, відтермінування другої фази - наслідком відтермінованої реалізації залежного від серотонінового рецептора 5-НТ2С механізму спастичності.
Висновки. Компресія СМ стороннім тілом потенціює ранні глутаматергічні механізми і відтерміновує маніфестацію пізніх залежних від 5-НТ2С механізмів спастичності.
Экспериментальное изучение применения церулоплазмина для предотвращения ишемически-реперфузионного повреждения в кожном лоскуте
Authors: Seid М. М.
Published: May 2018

Цель. Изучить в эксперименте эффективность церулоплазмина, применяемого для полного устранения или минимизации ишемически-реперфузионного повреждения, вызывающего некроз кожного лоскута (КЛ).
Материалы и методы. Исследования проведены на 32 белых крысах-самцах линии Sprague Dawley массой тела в среднем 250 г. Животные разделены на 2 группы: группа I (контрольная, n = 8) - интактные животные; группа II (экспериментальная, n = 24). В свою очередь группа II разделена еще на три группы: IIА, IIБ и IIВ. Животным группы IIА церулоплазмин не применяли, ишемию не создавали, но забор КЛ производили. Животным группы IIБ церулоплазмин также не применяли. Этим животным за 30 мин до создания ишемии внутрибрюшинно делали инъекцию сыворотки. Через 30 мин после инъекции на эпигастральные вены и артерии с двух сторон накладывали клипсы на 10 ч. Через 10 ч после появления в лоскуте признаков ишемии клипсы извлекали, артериовенозный кровоток восстанавливался. После этого КЛ проленовыми нитками пришивали к своему месту. Животным группы IIВ за 30 мин до ишемии внутрибрюшинно вводили 60 мг/кг церулоплазмина. После инъекции церулоплазмина на эпигастральные артерии и вены с двух сторон накладывали клипсы, которые по истечении 10 ч извлекали.
Результаты. Некротический участок КЛ в группе IIА составил в среднем (1,8 ± 0,6) см, IIБ - (22,4 ± 3,6) см, IIВ - (4,1 ± 1,1) см.
Um Estudo Metalinguístico sobre as Interpretações do Fóton nos Livros Didáticos de Física Aprovados no PNLDEM 2015: Elementos para uma Sociologia Simétrica da Educação em Ciências
Authors: Lima Nathan Willig , De Souza Bruno Birkheur , Ostermann Fernanda , Cavalcanti Claudio José de Holanda
Published: May 2018

Apresentamos um trabalho de Sociologia Simétrica da Educação em Ciências a partir de um quadro teórico que articula as filosofias de Bruno Latour e de Mikhail Bakhtin. Fazemos uma análise metalinguística dos textos sobre Física Quântica presentes nos livros de Física aprovados no PNLDEM 2015 em dialogia com as interpretações filosóficas do fóton em artigos científicos. Apresentamos as relações dialógicas existentes entre diferentes discursos científicos e didáticos, explicitando a reelaboração de sentido existente em todo texto. Mostramos, também, que os autores dos livros didáticos hibridizam diferentes visões sobre o fóton em uma visão própria, que não dialoga com resultados da pesquisa contemporânea na maioria dos livros, de forma que suas narrativas nem poderiam ser compreendidas como Física Quântica (visto que atribuem ao fóton uma performance com diversos toques clássicos). Mostramos, ademais, que todos os livros omitem a construção teórica que envolve o fóton, seguindo a mesma proposta didática-ideológica dos livros de ensino superior, conforme descrita por Kuhn, omitindo controvérsias e forçando o estabelecimento de um paradigma. Tal paralelismo didático sugere a subordinação da Educação em Ciências à própria comunidade científica na forma de um colonialismo didático. Ainda que concordássemos que o objetivo da Educação em Ciências é formar pequenos cientistas (o que não é o caso), há o problema de que o paradigma apresentado pelos livros não é hegemônico há mais de oito décadas. Por fim, a articulação teórica desenvolvida se mostrou profícua para analisar a Educação em Ciências e suas relações simétricas com a natureza e com a sociedade.
A Metalinguistic Study on the Photon Interpretation Present in Physics Textbooks Approved in PNLDEM 2015: Elements for a Symmetric Sociology of Science Education
Authors: Lima Nathan Willig , Souza Bruno Birkheur de , Ostermann Fernanda , Cavalcanti Claudio José de Holanda
Published: May 2018

We present a work on Symmetric Sociology on Science Education from a theoretical framework that articulates Bruno Latour’s and Mikhail Bakhtin’s Philosophies. We perform a metalinguistic analysis of the texts about Quantum Physics present in the Physics textbook approved by the PNLDEM 2015 in dialogue with the philosophical interpretations about the photon in scientific papers. We present the dialogic relation among the different scientific and didactic speeches, explicating the re-elaboration of meaning that exists in every text. We show that the textbook authors hybridize different visions into a particular vision, which is not in dialogue with contemporary research in most textbooks, so these narratives could not even be considered Quantum Physics (since they attribute to photons a performance with many classical aspects). Furthermore, we show that all textbooks omit the theoretical construction that encompasses the photon, following the same didactic and ideological proposal found in undergraduate textbooks, as described by Kuhn, that is, omitting controversies and pushing the establishment of a paradigm. Such didactic parallel suggests the subordination of Science Education to the Scientific Community in a sort of didactic colonialism. Even if we agreed that the goal of Science Education is to educate “little scientists” (which is not the case), there is the problem that the paradigm presented by the texts has not been hegemonic for, at least, eight decades. Finally, the developed theoretical articulation proved to be fruitful to analyze Science Education and its symmetrical relations with nature and society.
The Potential of Bilateral Trade Between Egypt And Nile Basin Countries: A Gravity Model Approach
Authors: SHELABY Ayman , MOHAMED Mohamed , SALAH Sayed
Published: May 2018

TThis research aims at determining the factors affecting the agricultural bilateral trade flows of Egypt with the Nile Basin countries using the gravity model. Basic and Augmented models have been estimated for both Egyptian agricultural exports and imports. The growth of Egyptian exports to the Nile Basin countries is affected by GDP of both sides. There's a great chance for Egypt to increase the exports to Nile Basin countries by increasing GDP. Distance has a negative impact due to the poor and insufficient transportation infrastructure of Nile Basin countries. Which give more attention to the development of roads and Nile shipping to increase bilateral trade between Egypt and Nile basin countries.