bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of SVM, RF and ELM on an Electronic Nose for the Intelligent Evaluation of Paraffin Samples
Authors: Men Hong , Fu Songlin , Yang Jialin , Cheng Meiqi , Shi Yan , Liu Jingjing
Published: January 2018

Paraffin odor intensity is an important quality indicator when a paraffin inspection is performed. Currently, paraffin odor level assessment is mainly dependent on an artificial sensory evaluation. In this paper, we developed a paraffin odor analysis system to classify and grade four kinds of paraffin samples. The original feature set was optimized using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares (PLS). Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) were applied to three different feature data sets for classification and level assessment of paraffin. For classification, the model based on SVM, with an accuracy rate of 100%, was superior to that based on RF, with an accuracy rate of 98.33–100%, and ELM, with an accuracy rate of 98.01–100%. For level assessment, the R2 related to the training set was above 0.97 and the R2 related to the test set was above 0.87. Through comprehensive comparison, the generalization of the model based on ELM was superior to those based on SVM and RF. The scoring errors for the three models were 0.0016–0.3494, lower than the error of 0.5–1.0 measured by industry standard experts, meaning these methods have a higher prediction accuracy for scoring paraffin level.
Assistant without Master? Some Conceptual Implications of Assistive Robotics in Health Care
Authors: Krings Bettina-Johanna , Weinberger Nora
Published: January 2018

The subject of “technical assistants” in inpatient care is currently being widely discussed in scientific and public circles. In many cases, though, it has become apparent that the umbrella term “assistive technologies”, also in the context of robotics, is very contrived. Against this background, the authors of this article reflect on the meaning of “assistance” in socio-technical systems, and critically review its relevance. To understand and demonstrate “assistive” functions, it is essential to establish a frame of reference. The re-evaluation of an empirical study of people with dementia in inpatient care has revealed the functional character of technical assistance systems. The results, however, show that the theoretical debate on the social and organisational function of “assistance” in these technical fields is still lacking. Therefore, the reflections in this paper may also provide some starting points for this debate.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Urban Science in 2017
Authors:   Urban Science Editorial Office
Published: January 2018

Peer review is an essential part in the publication process, ensuring that Urban Science maintains high quality standards for its published papers.[...]
L’implantation des Antonins à Albi (1250)
Authors: Biget Jean-Louis
Published: January 2018

The competency and fame of the Antonins rendered their congregation very attractive. As a result, the capital of Albi’s hospitals was transferred to them in 1250, not without difficult beginnings or so it seems.
La craie, roche carbonatée poreuse et son karst
Authors: Rodet Joël
Published: January 2018

La craie est une roche carbonatée karstifiable. C'est ce que démontrent les travaux que chercheurs et aménageurs réalisent depuis un siècle et demi. Cependant assurer que toutes les craies sont le siège de drainages karstiques serait regrettable. La craie se révèle être une roche carbonatée plus ou moins poreuse, plus ou moins marneuse, plus j ou moins résistante. Cette grande variété est responsable de la multiplicité des formes de drainage qu'elle peut offrir allant d'un extrême (nappe de porosité omniprésente) à l'autre (drainage karstique exclusif), en passant par toutes les variantes que la conjugaison des qualités physico-hydrologiques permet.
A cultural unity in Northwestern Syria during the Neolithic. Tell Ain Dara III, a PPNB site in the Afrin Valley
Authors: Arimura Makoto , Suleiman Antoine
Published: January 2018

Research on the Neolithic of Syria has been based on the results obtained from salvage excavations in the Middle Euphrates region. However, archaeological investigations over the past decade in other areas such as Northwestern Syria have increased our knowledge on the Neolithisation process on a broader scale, showing regional diversity in Syria during the Neolithic. This article presents results from the sounding at Tell Ain Dara III in the Afrin Valley, Northwestern Syria, and considers this site’s cultural affinity with neighbouring sites during this time period. The excavation, undertaken in 1991 by the Directorate-General of Antiquities and Museums, revealed a Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB, late 8th millennium BC) settlement with architectural remains associated with a rich variety of stone artefacts made from various raw materials. The site’s material culture, especially the lithic industry, closely resembles those from other Neolithic sites in Northwestern Syria. New evidence from this research at Tell Ain Dara III reinforces the previously suggested theory that sites in Northwestern Syria could have formed a cultural unity during the Late PPNB to the Early Pottery Neolithic periods (late 8th – early 7th millennia BC).
Крест Ивана Великого московского Кремля : деконструкция двух национальных мифов [The Cross on Top of Ivan the Great Bell Tower in the Moscow Kremlin : Two Centuries of National Myths]
Authors: Zemtsov Vladimir
Published: January 2018

La croix du clocher d’Ivan le Grand du Kremlin de Moscou Deux cents ans de mythes nationaux

Au cours de l’occupation de Moscou par l’armée napoléonienne, la croix du clocher d’Ivan le Grand au Kremlin fut enlevée. Après quoi, cette croix chargée d’une forte symbolique disparut. L’article expose les circonstances de la naissance et de la transformation des versions, russe et française, du mythe du destin de cette célèbre croix.
Les révoltés invisibles : le prince Davyd Rostislavič face aux troubles civils de Smolensk (1180-1197)
Authors: Mouchard Florent
Published: January 2018

Невидимые противники Давыд Ростиславич и «въстани »

в Смоленске (1180-1197)

В настоящей статье затрагивается вопрос об источниках и историографии относи-тельно политической и социальной исто-рии Смоленска за последнее двадцати-летие XII в. За период княжения Давыда Ростиславича (1180-1197) в нарративных источниках, главным образом Новгород-ская Первая и Ипатьевская летописи, со-держатся отголоски конфликтов Давыда с горожанами, порой достаточно серьёзных. В русской дореволюционной, советской и новейшей российской историографии упо-минания о конфликтах рассматриваются в большей части в свете уже существующих теорий о социальном и политическом устройстве Киевской Руси. В статье пред-лагается критический обзор данных пози-ций и их применяемости к Смоленску, вместе с новым анализом сохранившихся источников.
Spectroscopic Observations of a Current Sheet in a Solar Flare
Authors: Li Y. , Xue J. C. , Ding M. D. , Cheng X. , Su Y. , Feng L. , Hong J. , Li H. , Gan W. Q.
Published: January 2018

The current sheet is believed to be the region of energy dissipation via magnetic reconnection in solar flares. However, its properties, for example, the dynamic process, are not fully understood. Here, we report a current sheet in a solar flare (SOL2017-09-10T16:06) that was clearly observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory as well as the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode. The high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic observations show that the current sheet is mainly visible in high-temperature (>10 MK) passbands, particularly in the Fe xxiv 192.03 Å line with a formation temperature of ∼18 MK. The hot Fe xxiv 192.03 Å line exhibits very large nonthermal velocities up to 200 km s−1 in the current sheet, suggesting that turbulent motions exist there. The largest turbulent velocity occurs at the edge of the current sheet, with some offset with the strongest line intensity. At the central part of the current sheet, the turbulent velocity is negatively correlated with the line intensity. From the line emission and turbulent features we obtain a thickness in the range of 7–11 Mm for the current sheet. These results suggest that the current sheet has internal fine and dynamic structures that may help the magnetic reconnection within it proceed efficiently.
Diseño de directrices para el tablero de un puente curvo atirantado, mediante curvas funiculares y antifuniculares de la carga concéntrica introducida por los tirantes
Authors: Galante Bardín D. , Astiz Suárez M. L.A.
Published: January 2018

El presente trabajo trata de resolver la optimización del trazado del tablero para un puente en curva. La directriz que se propone pretende conseguir que todo el tablero quede exento de flexiones de eje vertical. Para este diseño se plantean dos formulaciones diferentes, una discreta mediante sumatorios y otra continua mediante ecuaciones diferenciales no lineales. En ambas se estudian los dos posibles signos de la solicitación axil que va a dominar el diseño. Para facilitar la implantación de estas formulaciones, se propone una aproximación mediante mínimos cuadrados. El trabajo de completa con dos ejemplos de aplicación.
Definiendo patrones de ocupación mediante la monitorización de edificios existentes
Authors: Cuerda E. , Guerra-Santin O. , Neila González F. J.
Published: January 2018

Para determinar el comportamiento energético de los edificios los programas de simulación dinámica son utilizados como métodos de cálculo. Sin embargo, numerosos estudios han mostrado que existen diferencias notables entre el comportamiento esperado y real de los edificios. Uno de los factores identificados como fuente de incertidumbre en la simulación de edificios es la ocupación y el comportamiento de los usuarios. Estos parámetros son definidos habitualmente con estándares que no reflejan la realidad de los ocupantes. En este artículo, se presenta una investigación sobre la influencia del comportamiento y la presencia de los usuarios de edificios residenciales en la demanda de energía. Para ello se generan modelos de simulación energética cuyos valores de entrada están ajustados con datos monitorizados de edificios reales. El estudio se realiza en dos casos de estudio ubicados en Madrid, España.
El cubo de armonización HSB Living Lab
Authors: Sasic Kalagasidis A. , Hagy S. , Marx Ch.
Published: January 2018

Los Living Labs están emergiendo como instrumentos de innovación en actividades centradas en el usuario. Debido al variado rango de enfoques, constelaciones, prácticas, resultados y longevidad, igualmente variadas metodologías se han usado para describir los Living Labs. Pero estas metodologías pocas veces se han llevado a la práctica. La importancia del trabajo presentado en este artículo reside en que pone en práctica una metodología extensa y establecida, llamada “‘Living Labs Harmonization Cube’ (LLHC)”, con un ejemplo concreto y relevante: el HSB Living Lab. La caracterización del HSB Living Lab según la metodología LLHC se basa en la experiencia personal de los autores durante el diseño, gestión y mantenimiento de este laboratorio en los tres últimos años, y se ilustra con ejemplos. Los resultados indican que HSB Living Lab aún no ha alcanzado la madurez en ninguna de las seis categorías de la metodología LLHC y permiten identificar áreas de mejora.
Comportamiento del usuario en Oficinas Inteligentes y Sostenibles (SSO)
Authors: Kozusznik M. W. , Soriano A. , Peiró J. M.ª
Published: January 2018

Las oficinas inteligentes y sostenibles (SSO) requieren sinergias entre las tecnologías y los comportamientos de los usuarios. El enfoque sociotécnico considera los motivos, las actitudes, las cogniciones y los comportamientos de los usuarios al diseñar entornos de trabajo. Esta nota describirá esos fenómenos en entornos de oficina. También presentará un conjunto de herramientas para evaluar esos fenómenos y proporcionará pautas para mejorarlos.
Smart and Sustainable Offices (SSO): Presentación de un enfoque holístico para implementar la próxima generación de oficinas
Authors: Cobaleda Cordero A. , Rahe U. , Wallbaum H. , Jin Q. , Forooraghi M.
Published: January 2018

El proyecto Smart Sustainable Offices (SSO) es un producto de años de investigación y cientos de miles de datos recogidos en más de 30 edificios de oficinas de Suiza, Suecia y España. Inicialmente concebido para investigar las interdependencias entre usuarios de oficinas y su entorno de trabajo en un contexto europeo, ha terminado convertido en un modelo mixto cualitativo y cuantitativo para el diagnóstico e ideación de oficinas, apoyado en evidencias científicas. Actualmente, la metodología SSO pretende implementar un nuevo paradigma de oficinas orientadas al usuario, con menor huella ambiental y espacios resilientes. La estrategia principal se articula alrededor del «ADN de la oficina» de cada organización, descodificado como un compuesto de patrones de trabajo, necesidades operativas e individuales, junto a su potencial para definir criterios de diseño. La práctica de SSO y los resultados provisionales de estudios piloto en tres oficinas demostrativas son descritos en este artículo.
Cámaras de aireación como sistema de control de la humedad de capilaridad en edificios históricos. Análisis de funcionamiento
Authors: Gil Muñoz Mª T. , Lasheras Merino F.
Published: January 2018

En este estudio se aborda el comportamiento de las cámaras de aireación y su grado de eficacia como sistema de control de la humedad de capilaridad y los daños patológicos asociados en los muros o cimentación de los edificios históricos. Se ha establecido una metodología de experimentación in situ, haciendo uso de la monitorización. El conocimiento del clima local, el entorno del edificio, las características constructivas del mismo y el tipo de cimentación constituyen los condicionantes previos a la monitorización. La medición de distintos parámetros conforme a un plan de mediciones, el desarrollo de herramientas gráficas para el estudio y la elaboración de datos estadísticos han permitido aproximarse al objetivo marcado. La construcción de este sistema no siempre ha ido acompañado de un diagnóstico riguroso que justifique la intervención. Los resultados del estudio indican que esta situación ha influido en las estrategias de diseño y dimensionado de las cámaras de aireación, limitando en muchos casos la eficacia de las mismas.
ANTONIO LAMELA - más allá de la innovación In Memoriam
Authors: Cassinello P. , Cassinello N.
Published: January 2018

La arquitectura española está de duelo. El pasado 1 de abril de 2017 falleció Antonio Lamela, uno de sus más queridos referentes. Nos ha dejado un extenso y poliédrico legado que continúa vivo en la trama urbana de nuestras ciudades, en las páginas de sus libros, y en el modelo de pensamiento y actuación, que presidido por el esfuerzo y el anhelo de innovar, le llevaron a alcanzar las cotas más altas de nuestra profesión. Un modelo con el que fundó su oficina en 1954 y que hoy, dirigida desde hace muchos años por su hijo Carlos, cuenta con una relevante representatividad internacional habiendo realizado proyectos en 32 países. Más allá de la innovación formal y tecnológica de sus edificios, –en la década de los años 50– Antonio Lamela estableció en España empresas que como Prebetong y Shokbeton contribuyeron a modernizar la construcción española, interviniendo activamente en la necesaria ampliación de «Caja de Elementos de Construcción» demandada por Le Corbusier desde los años veinte. Cambiando de escala su mirada, Antonio Lamela también nos ha legado sus pioneras reflexiones sobre la adecuada gestión de los recursos naturales y la necesaria sostenibilidad de la arquitectura de nuestro planeta dentro del cosmos en el que habita. Sera siempre un insoslayable modelo para las generaciones venideras.
Témoigner en migration, témoigner de sa migration
Authors: Yene Fabien Didier , Detue Frédérik
Published: January 2018

Fabien Didier Yene est le rescapé de la migration qui l’a mené du Cameroun, quitté en 2003, à la France, atteinte en 2011. Il est l’auteur d’un témoignage en littérature élaboré en cours de migration, durant la période où il était bloqué au Maroc : Migrant au pied du mur (Yene, 2010), également traduit en allemand (Yene, 2011). Il revient dans cet entretien sur les motivations et les circonstances qui ont conduit à cette publication. Le projet de cet entretien fait suite à la Journée d’étude « Récits d’exilés. Projets, usages, lectures » (MSHS de Poitiers, 30 et 31 mars 2016), à laquelle Fabien Didier Yene a participé. Les propos ont été recueillis oralement à Paris le 12 mars 2017 puis transcrits à l’écrit en accord avec l’auteur.
ICT Affordability and Coping With Disaster
Authors: Adams Carl , Takavarasha Jr. Sam
Published: January 2018

This chapter explores the impact of a disaster on communities from a development perspective and the corresponding importance of access to ICT. Poorer communities are often most vulnerable to disasters, a situation that can affect the economic development of such communities for decades. The chapter uses the UN's Sendai framework to emphasize the role of ICT in supporting communities throughout the different stages of disaster situations, towards long-term recovery and development. Some key themes emerge in the chapter, notably access to technology is a key support mechanism; a longer-term temporal perspective of such disasters indicates there are likely to be different waves of “disaster” refugees; the initial ones being classed as humanitarian migrants with all the humanitarian supports that they attract; whereas longer term any resulting “refugees” would more likely be classed as economic migrants. The chapter also explores longer term support mechanisms such as the role of remittances.
Assessment of Graph Metrics and Lateralization of Brain Connectivity in Progression of Alzheimer's Disease Using fMRI
Authors: Bhaskaran Bhuvaneshwari , Anandan Kavitha
Published: January 2018

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive brain disorder which has a long preclinical phase. The beta-amyloid plaques and tangles in the brain are considered as the main pathological causes. Functional connectivity is typically examined in capturing brain network dynamics in AD. A definitive underconnectivity is observed in patients through the progressive stages of AD. Graph theoretic modeling approaches have been effective in understanding the brain dynamics. In this article, the brain connectivity patterns and the functional topology through the progression of Alzheimer's disease are analysed using resting state fMRI. The altered network topology is analysed by graphed theoretical measures and explains cognitive deficits caused by the progression of this disease. Results show that the functional topology is disrupted in the default mode network regions as the disease progresses in patients. Further, it is observed that there is a lack of left lateralization involving default mode network regions as the severity in AD increases.
Adoption Barriers in a High-Risk Agricultural Environment
Authors: Veil Shari R.
Published: January 2018

To lessen the threat of an intentional or naturally occurring livestock disease, the Animal Plant Health Inspection Service of the United States Department of Agriculture introduced the National Animal Identification System (NAIS) encouraging the use of innovative tools such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to track cattle across the country. This study examines the barriers to adoption of NAIS and RFID technology as risk-reduction tools. Diffusion of innovation literature is used to analyze a case study of a state livestock association advocating the rejection of NAIS and RFID technology. Implications for the diffusion of risk reduction tools are provided.
Fine structural analyses of pancreatic acinar cell nuclei from mice fed on genetically modified soybean
Authors: Malatesta M , Biggiogera M , Manuali E , Rocchi MBL
Published: January 2018

We carried out ultrastructural morphometrical and immunocytochemical analyses on pancreatic acinar cell nuclei from mice fed on genetically modified (GM) soybean, in order to investigate possible structural and molecular modifications of nucleoplasmic and nucleolar constituents.We found a significant lowering of nucleoplasmic and nucleolar splicing factors as well as a perichromatin granule accumulation in GM-fed mice, suggestive of reduced post-transcriptional hnRNA processing and/or nuclear export. This is in accordance to already described zymogen synthesis and processing modifications in the same animals.
Plankton food for benthic fish: de visu evidence of trophic interaction between rainbow wrasse (Coris julis) and pelagic tunicates (Pegea confoederata)
Authors: D'Alelio Domenico , Luongo Gabriella , Di Capua Iole
Published: January 2018

Salps (pelagic tunicates) are rarely observed in nature and trophic interactions involving them mainly rely on the inspection of stomach contents of their potential predators. Moreover, salps have soft bodies that are hardly identified in potential consumers. We involved recreational SCUBA-divers and photographers in collecting de visu evidence of i) massive occurrence of salps and ii) trophic interactions involving salps as preys and benthic animals as consumers. Direct evidence of trophic interactions between salps and benthic fish was documented by photographic frames. We detected a long colony of the salp Pegea confaederata being transported by currents close to the substrate on top of Banco di Santa Croce, an underwater rocky outcrop in the Gulf of Naples (Italy). An individual of the rainbow wrasse Coris julis attacked the above-mentioned salp colony by selectively detaching individuals and biting their stomach. Our report of a trophic interaction between labrids and salps is the second in fifty years and the previous one was only indirect. In this study, citizen science allowed detecting both neglected marine animals like salps and trophic interactions involving them. Visual, direct evidence of predation on salps by benthic fish adds further knowledge about patterns of living-matter fluxes between plankton and benthos, opening new questions on the potential of global change in modifying the efficient circulation of organic matter in marine systems.
Seminal vesicle abscess causing unilateral hydroureteronephrosis: A case report
Authors: Imperatore Vittorio , Creta Massimiliano , Di Meo Sergio , Buonopane Roberto , Spirito Lorenzo , Mirone Vincenzo
Published: January 2018

Seminal vesicle abscess (SVA) is a rare urologic entity. It mainly occurs in subjects with predisposing factors and may be associated with other urogenital infections. We describe the case of a diabetic subject with SVA associated with funiculitis, epididymitis and obstructive pyelonephritis. Treatment consisted of laparotomic surgical drainage of the abscess and ureteral stent placement.
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Advances in Management
Authors: Bastiaenen Rachel , Deyell Marc W. , Krahn Andrew D.
Published: January 2018

Our understanding of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) has advanced considerably over the past 30- 40 years. This is an inherited cardiomyopathy with complicated genetic inheritance and variable penetrance. Desmosomal dysfunction underlies most cases, and appreciating this pathophysiology has contributed to patient management, particularly with respect to exercise restriction to reduce disease progression. The diagnosis is made according to a series of Task Force Criteria, and subsequent management is guided by expert consensus in the absence of comparative data. ARVC is associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD), particularly in young athletic individuals who unknowingly harbour the condition. Risk stratification is important to guide implantable cardioverter- defibrillator use and reduce SCD. Residual gaps in our understanding, particularly surrounding incomplete penetrance, the underlying pathophysiology and risk stratification, are being targeted by collaborative efforts, large registries, prospective studies and translational research.
Emerging Pyrethroid Resistance among Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya
Authors: Hemming-Schroeder Elizabeth , Strahl Stephanie , Yang Eugene , Nguyen Amanda , Lo Eugenia , Zhong Daibin , Atieli Harrysone , Githeko Andrew , Yan Guiyun
Published: January 2018

Vector control programs, particularly in the form of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), are essential for achieving malaria elimination goals. Recent reports of increasing knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation frequencies for Anopheles arabiensis in Western Kenya heightens the concern on the future effectiveness of ITNs in Kenya. We examined resistance in An. arabiensis populations across Kenya through kdr mutations and World Health Organization–recommended bioassays. We detected two kdr alleles, L1014F and L1014S. Kdr mutations were found in five of the 11 study sites, with mutation frequencies ranging from 3% to 63%. In two Western Kenya populations, the kdr L1014F allele frequency was as high as 10%. The L1014S frequency was highest at Chulaimbo at 55%. Notably, the kdr L1014F mutation was found to be associated with pyrethroid resistance at Port Victoria, but kdr mutations were not significantly associated with resistance at Chulaimbo, which had the highest kdr mutation frequency among all sites. This study demonstrated the emerging pyrethroid resistance in An. arabiensis and that pyrethroid resistance may be related to kdr mutations. Resistance monitoring and management are urgently needed for this species in Kenya where resistance is emerging and its abundance is becoming predominant. Kdr mutations may serve as a biomarker for pyrethroid resistance in An. arabiensis.
Setting Up Shop
Authors: Parsons David L.
Published: January 2018

This chapter describes the impetus behind the GI coffeehouse concept, following writer and organizer Fred Gardner as he and other activists begin building a coffeehouse network in a number of base towns around the country. In 1968 a "Summer of Support" brings more people and resources, as large national antiwar organizations join the effort to bring attention to the growing GI movement against the Vietnam War. Placing the coffeehouse phenomenon within the wider context of GI and military dissent in the late 1960s and early 1970s, this chapter shows how antiwar groups began to focus on the American military as an important site of resistance.
Getting Together
Authors: Parsons David L.
Published: January 2018

This chapter details the specific actions taken by GIs and civilians at antiwar coffeehouse projects. From publishing and distributing underground newspapers, to organizing major strikes, boycotts, and demonstrations, activists at coffeehouses brought the style and force of the youth antiwar movement to major sites of the Vietnam War effort, like Killeen, Texas (home of Fort Hood), Columbia, South Carolina (near Fort Jackson), and Tacoma, Washington (near Fort Lewis). By profiling a number of specific actions and their consequences, this chapter demonstrates the diverse range of issues that concerned American GIs during the Vietnam War, and reflects on the strategies of the individuals and organizations that attempted to address them.
Introduction
Authors: Barr-Melej Patrick
Published: January 2018

This section introduces Chile’s criollo (or home grown) counterculture and the broader subjects of youth and youth culture during the late sixties and early seventies. It situates the phenomenon amid the country’s cultural and political landscapes on the eve of and during the “Chilean Road to Socialism,” the revolutionary project of Marxist President Salvador Allende and his governing coalition, Popular Unity. The section provides a theoretical framework for identifying and understanding counterculture and its Chilean peculiarities. Moreover, it describes the book’s novel approach to the subject in the context of Latin American historiography on youth, youth movements, and counterculture.
Epilogue
Authors: Busch Andrew M.
Published: January 2018

The epilogue looks at Austin in the twenty-first century, as the city has become a model of sustainable urban development based largely on its active and vociferous environmental community. These sustainability policies incentivized higher density growth in the urban core, which caused intense gentrification in many long-time minority communities. Minority environmental groups were unable to convince Austin’s political or environmental leaders that gentrification was an environmental issues, and thus many residents were displaced. The epilogue ends with some suggestions for mitigating the deleterious effects of the possessive investment in whiteness for Austin’s minorities.
Visual Cultures
Authors: Dworkin Ira
Published: January 2018

This chapter considers the significant influence of William Sheppard on U.S. visual culture. In 1890, soon after he arrived in the Congo, he expresses his intent to collect Congolese artifacts, mostly Bakuba, for Hampton’s “Curiosity Room,” which was the basis for its renowned art museum. In the early 1940s after Viktor Lowenfeld established the Hampton art department, John Biggers, Samella Lewis, Elizabeth Catlett, Charles White, and other artists, who were students or teachers there, studied Sheppard’s textile collection. In particular, the color palette and geometry found in Biggers’s work recall both African American quilts and Bakuba textiles, indicating that, beyond political topics, Sheppard’s influence includes a wide aesthetic vocabulary. Twentieth-century African American visual artists developed an innovative cultural practice based on their immersion in a collection whose provenance links it to the movement for reform in the Congo.
Introduction
Authors: Folk Holly
Published: January 2018

To force people to choose a doctor they do not want is to interfere with their liberty and individual rights. When human liberty is restricted for any pretext whatever, there is danger and trouble ahead. It brings the majesty of law into disrepute, demoralizes the community in which unjust laws are enforced, and incites a rebellious spirit....
On the Frontier of the New Profession
Authors: Folk Holly
Published: January 2018

Chapter four continues tracing the institutional growth of chiropractic, with special consideration to the role of ideas and theories in building the profession. This chapter considers the years between 1903 and 1910, when D. D. and B. J. Palmer tried unsuccessfully to share power at the Palmer School of Chiropractic. As the number of practitioners grew, the Palmers benefitted from professional collaborations and also faced competition from past-colleagues who became rivals. One of the first and most bitter disputes was with Solon Langworthy and his associates at the American School of Chiropractic and Nature Cure. In their publication Backbone, the American School chiropractors credited themselves with the discovery of major aspects of chiropractic theory, including the concept of spinal subluxations that today are widely understood to cause pain and bodily illness. Although short-lived, the American School marked the beginning of a debate between “Straights” and “Mixers” about whether to allow chiropractors to incorporate other therapies.
Different Strokes for Different Folks
Authors: Kutulas Judy
Published: January 2018

The television mini-series of Alex Haley’s book Roots marked a television milestone, presenting an African-American family as the stars of a show intended for a broad American audience. The popularity of the series reflected Americans’ valuing of diversity in the 1970s, but also whites’ interest in their own pasts. What appealed to the audience is the degree to which Haley’s ancestors overcame adversity and fought authority even in the few ways allowed them. The program popularized a new interpretation of African-American history.
Obviously Queer
Authors: Kutulas Judy
Published: January 2018

Expert understandings of homosexuality changed in the 1970s as psychologists and doctors no longer regarded homosexuality as a deviance, accepting it as a sexual identity a person might be born with. Television, both sitcoms and dramas, depicted gay men and women in the 1970s, the first official representations, yet sitcoms presented gays as ordinary people while dramas often used them as villains. The emergence of the Christian Right as a political force raised a challenge to these new norms presented in the popular culture. Using such 1960s techniques as boycotts, the Right especially regarded the normalization of different sexual identities as a threat to family. Briefly succeeding in eliminating those images, by the 1980s, Americans were more accepting of sexual difference.
The impact of nonuniform sampling on stratospheric ozone trends derived from occultation instruments
Authors: Damadeo Robert P. , Zawodny Joseph M. , Remsberg Ellis E. , Walker Kaley A.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. This paper applies a recently developed technique for deriving long-term
trends in ozone from sparsely sampled data sets to multiple occultation
instruments simultaneously without the need for homogenization. The technique
can compensate for the nonuniform temporal, spatial, and diurnal sampling of
the different instruments and can also be used to account for biases and
drifts between instruments. These problems have been noted in recent
international assessments as being a primary source of uncertainty that
clouds the significance of derived trends. Results show potential
“recovery” trends
of ∼ 2–3 % decade−1 in the upper stratosphere at
midlatitudes, which are similar to other studies, and also how sampling
biases present in these data sets can create differences in derived recovery
trends of up to ∼ 1 % decade−1 if not properly accounted for.
Limitations inherent to all techniques (e.g., relative instrument drifts) and
their impacts (e.g., trend differences up to ∼ 2 % decade−1)
are also described and a potential path forward towards resolution is
presented.
The influence of local oil exploration and regional wildfires on summer 2015 aerosol over the North Slope of Alaska
Authors: Creamean Jessie M. , Maahn Maximilian , de Boer Gijs , McComiskey Allison , Sedlacek Arthur J. , Feng Yan
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The Arctic is warming at an alarming rate, yet the processes that contribute to the enhanced warming are not well understood. Arctic aerosols have been targeted in studies for decades due to their consequential impacts on the energy budget, both directly and indirectly through their ability to modulate cloud microphysics. Even with the breadth of knowledge afforded from these previous studies, aerosols and their effects remain poorly quantified, especially in the rapidly changing Arctic. Additionally, many previous studies involved use of ground-based measurements, and due to the frequent stratified nature of the Arctic atmosphere, brings into question the representativeness of these datasets aloft. Here, we report on airborne observations from the US Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program's Fifth Airborne Carbon Measurements (ACME-V) field campaign along the North Slope of Alaska during the summer of 2015. Contrary to previous evidence that the Alaskan Arctic summertime air is relatively pristine, we show how local oil extraction activities, 2015's central Alaskan wildfires, and, to a lesser extent, long-range transport introduce aerosols and trace gases higher in concentration than previously reported in Arctic haze measurements to the North Slope. Although these sources were either episodic or localized, they serve as abundant aerosol sources that have the potential to impact a larger spatial scale after emission.
The ALADIN System and its canonical model configurations AROME CY41T1 and ALARO CY40T1
Authors: Termonia Piet , Fischer Claude , Bazile Eric , Bouyssel François , Brožková Radmila , Bénard Pierre , Bochenek Bogdan , Degrauwe Daan , Derková Mariá , El Khatib Ryad , Hamdi Rafiq , Mašek Ján , Pottier Patricia , Pristov Neva , Seity Yann , Smolíková Petra , Španiel Oldřich , Tudor Martina , Wang Yong , Wittmann Christoph , Joly Alain
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The ALADIN System is a numerical weather prediction (NWP) system developed by the international ALADIN consortium for operational weather forecasting and research purposes. It is based on a code that is shared with the global model IFS of the ECMWF and the ARPEGE model of Météo-France. Today, this system can be used to provide a multitude of high-resolution limited-area model (LAM) configurations. A few configurations are thoroughly validated and prepared to be used for the operational weather forecasting in the 16 partner institutes of this consortium. These configurations are called the ALADIN canonical model configurations (CMCs). There are currently three CMCs: the ALADIN baseline CMC, the AROME CMC and the ALARO CMC. Other configurations are possible for research, such as process studies and climate simulations. The purpose of this paper is (i) to define the ALADIN System in relation to the global counterparts IFS and ARPEGE, (ii) to explain the notion of the CMCs, (iii) to document their most recent versions, and (iv) to illustrate the process of the validation and the porting of these configurations to the operational forecast suites of the partner institutes of the ALADIN consortium. This paper is restricted to the forecast model only; data assimilation techniques and postprocessing techniques are part of the ALADIN System but they are not discussed here.
Governança do Conhecimento (GovC): o estado da arte sobre o termo
Authors: Freire Patricia de Sá , Dandolini Gertrudes Aparecida , De Souza João Artur , Silva Talita Caetano , Couto Rogeria Moreira
Published: January 2018

Objetivo. No contexto organizacional contemporâneo o compartilhamento e a transferência do conhecimento têm um papel significativo e, por isso, é importante superar as barreiras internas e externas para que estes sejam processados. O que pode ser facilitado com a implantação da Governança do Conhecimento (GovC), uma abordagem interdisciplinar emergente, que atravessa os campos da gestão do conhecimento, os estudos de organização, estratégia e gestão de recursos humanos. O problema é que, além de ser um construto novo e ainda pouco estudado no Brasil, alimentam-se divergências conceituais pela amplitude de dimensões de análise possíveis. Neste contexto, surge o objetivo deste estudo, que seja, identificar a conceituação do construto Governança do Conhecimento proposta na literatura científica para apoiar sua melhor compreensão e embasar futuras pesquisas na área de gestão do conhecimento.Método. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa teórica por meio de uma sistemática revisão da literatura, seguida de análise bibliométrica e descritiva das publicações mais relevantes sobre o tema.Resultados.  O objetivo foi alcançado sendo possível identificar a conceituação, além dos princípios e dos mecanismos de GovC propostos pela literatura.Conclusões. Considera-se a discussão sobre o constructo GovC pertinente no contexto das organizações contemporâneas, no entanto, sinaliza-se a importância de estudos futuros de ordem empírica e teórica de modo a fomentar as discussões sobre o assunto na atualidade
Information practices of allergic children’s mothers
Authors: Sirihal Duarte Adriana Bogliolo , Moreira Barros Flávia Moraes
Published: January 2018

Objectives. It is questioned how the information practices of mothers of children with food allergies influence their daily life, with the general aim of analyzing these practices under the social paradigm of Information Science.Method. The methodology adopted is the qualitative and the method is the application of semi-structured in-depth interviews. Seven mothers of children with food allergies were interviewed. The data were analyzed applying the two-dimensional information practices model proposed by McKenzie and the extended version of it stated by Yeoman.Results. From the interviews, information practices adopted by mothers were identified and coded. Each of the codes was related to the models adopted.Conclusions. It was possible to observe the existence of all modes and phases present in the models. It was also possible to observe the relevance of the mothers’ information practices to maintain the quality of life for their allergic children.biblioteca.
I. MIRADAS DE ESCRITOR
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: January 2018

Notas sobre literatura, escritura y arte contemporáneos
Distribution of non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) across Norwegian waterbodies – is it an invasive species?
Authors: Hesthagen Trygve , Bolstad Geir H. , Kleiven Einar
Published: January 2018

Non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis MITCHILL, 1815) was introduced into Norway in 1883. However, it was not until the late 1970s that this acid-tolerant salmonid species was stocked into many acidified lakes that many populations became established. In 2004, all brook trout stocking in Norway ceased. In this study, we surveyed the distribution of brook trout in Norwegian water bodies. A totally of 202 self-sustaining populations were identified, mostly in unregulated lakes (n=101), streams (n=71) and also to some extent in reservoirs (n=25). Only four populations were found in inland rivers, and one population in a river with Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Localities with brook trout covered a wide range of altitudes and sizes. Analyses of time-series catches in sympatric populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) and brook trout from 12 lakes (1997-2012) revealed a strong decline in brook trout stocks. A similar development in abundance has also emerged from other studies in recent years. Generally, lake-dwelling brook trout is regarded as a low-risk species with respect to invasiveness. However, brook trout/brown trout interactions may be habitat-specific, as brook trout may dominate in small and relatively cold streams.
First record of Bombus (Alpigenobombus) wurflenii Radoszkowski, 1860 in the Kola Peninsula, NW Russia
Authors: Potapov Grigory Sergeevich , Kolosova Yulia Sergeevna , Vlasova Alisa Andreevna
Published: January 2018

In this paper we present the first record of Bombus wurflenii from northern Russia. This species was found in the southwestern part of the Kola Peninsula, near the town of Kandalaksha in 2016. The nearest confirmed record of the species is in northern Sweden. In Russia, B. wurflenii was known earlier but only from southern Ural. The status of the population of B. wurflenii in the Kola Peninsula is unknown and needs further research.
Looking for fun in Cultural Science
Authors: McKee Alan
Published: January 2018

There has been a tension in Cultural Studies between those authors who see fun as important; and those who see it as a distraction. This tension has been played out around the concepts of amusement, distraction, pleasure, celebration, playfulness and desire. I think that fun is important. As we move from Cultural Studies to Cultural Science, I want to retain a focus on fun.
Cognitive Playfulness, Creative Capacity and Generation ‘C’ learners
Authors: Tan Jennifer Pei-Ling , McWilliam Erica
Published: January 2018

This paper draws on an ongoing doctoral study of student engagement with new digital media technologies in a formal schooling environment to demonstrate the importance of playfulness as a learning disposition. The study shows that cognitive playfulness mobilises productive engagement with learning innovations in the context of a traditional learning culture. Specifically, the paper discusses findings that emerge from a quantitative study into the level of student engagement with, and usage of, one school’s digital innovation in the form of a new Student Media Centre (SMC). The study analysed how different student learning dispositions influence the extent to which students engage with new digital technologies in the context of their otherwise traditional schooling. What emerges from the study is the interesting finding that cognitive playfulness, defined as ‘the learner’s dexterity and agility in terms of intellectual curiosity and imagination/creativity’, is a key factor in predicting students’ valuing of the opportunities that Web 2.0 open-source digital learning affords. In presenting an empirical validation of this finding, the paper contributes new knowledge to the problematic relationship between student-led digitally-enhanced learning and formal academic schooling.
Paradigm shifters: tricksters and cultural science
Authors: Hartley John
Published: January 2018

This paper seeks to link anthropological and economic treatments of the process of innovation and change, not only within a given ‘complex system’ (e.g. a cosmology; an industry) but also between systems (e.g. cultural and economic systems; but also divine and human systems). The role of the ‘Go-Between’ is considered, both in the anthropological figure of the Trickster (Hyde 1998) and in the Schumpeterian entrepreneur. Both figures parlay appetite (economic wants) into meaning (cultural signs). Both practice a form of creativity based on deception, ‘creative destruction’; renewal by disruption and needs-must adaptation. The disciplinary purpose of the paper is to try to bridge two otherwise disconnected domains – cultural studies and evolutionary economics – by showing that the traditional methods of the humanities (e.g. anthropological, textual and historical analysis) have explanatory force in the context of economic actions and complex-system evolutionary dynamics. The objective is to understand creative innovation as a general cultural attribute rather than one restricted only to accredited experts such as artists; thus to theorise creativity as a form of emergence for dynamic adaptive systems. In this context, change is led by ‘paradigm shifters’ – tricksters and entrepreneurs who create new meanings out of the clash of difference, including the clash of mutually untranslatable communication systems (language, media, culture).
Creative industries & cultural science: A definitional odyssey
Authors: Potts Jason
Published: January 2018

This paper argues that the definition of cultural science depends on the definition of creative industries. The problem, however, is that unlike the definition of evolutionary economics, complexity science and new cultural studies, which are also elements of cultural science, the creative industries suffer multiple non-commensurable definitions. These are reviewed and analytic implications for the definition of cultural science are examined.
The Counter-Literacy of Black Mixed Media
Authors: Crawford Margo Natalie
Published: January 2018

The third chapter brings the mixed media of the BAM and the 21st century together as Crawford shows that black art, after the Black Arts Movement, continues to create an alternative way of approaching art as process, not as object. The first part of this chapter shapes this process-oriented counter-literacy around the Black Arts Movement textual productions of the black book as the open book. She explores the openness of word and image texts and argues that they produce the lack of closure of black post-blackness. Through the text paintings of Glenn Ligon and the word and image books of Amiri Baraka, June Jordan, John Keene, Christopher Stackhouse, and others, this chapter unveils the unbound nature of mixed media as one of the most innovative legacies of the Black Arts Movement.
The Project of a Pure Logical Grammar
Authors: Dastur Françoise , Vallier Robert
Published: January 2018

This chapter examines Edmund Husserl's philosophical reflections on pure logical grammar. When we talk about the meaning and genealogy of the notion of a “philosophical grammar,” the fourth of Husserl's Logical Investigations comes to mind. The central idea of the fourth Investigation is that all formal logic in the current sense— that is, the logic of validity—presupposes a logic of meaning that prevents non-sense and that is not concerned with objective validity, but instead only with the a priori laws that establish the conditions for the unity of meaning. In the first Investigation, Husserl proposes to establish the juncture between pure logic and language. The chapter suggests that the theme of the fourth Investigation is not the edification of a universal grammar, but rather of a pure grammar capable of serving as a foundation for logic.