bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etiology, clinical manifestations and prevention of perianal infection in patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Shtyrkova S. V. , Сhabaeva Y. A. , Kulikov S. M. , Danishian K. I. , Parovichnikova E. N.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Perianal infection (PI) in patients with hematological malignancies is characterized by a wide spectrum of pathogens and a variety of clinical manifestations and mechanisms of development of the infectious process.

Aim: to study the pathogenetic mechanisms of PI development in patients with hematological malignancies and to develop prevention tactics.

Materials and methods. The prospective study included 132 patients with hematological malignancies who had episodes of PI. The infectious process in the pararectal fi ber was registered based on the data of clinical examination or magnetic resonance imaging. Sources of infection and microbiologic results were studied.

Results: Two main mechanisms of PI development were revealed, the frequency of which was statistically significantly different depending on the presence of neutropenia (p < 0.0001, odds ratio (OR) = 24.42 (confidence interval (CI) 95% [9.82–60.74]). In PI episodes that developed against the background of neutropenia, the predominant mechanism of infection was the penetration of microorganisms through broken tissue barriers (75 %): anal fissures were the entry gate of infection in 62.9 % of episodes; perianal ulcers and skin erosions — in 12.1 %. The alternative route of infection (cryptogladular mechanism) was registered in the majority of patients without neutropenia (66.7 %) and was represented by the involvement of crypts of the anal canal (28.6 %) or the presence of pararectal fistulas (38.1 %). Clinical manifestations of PI were associated with leukocyte count (p < 0.0001) and mechanism of infection (p < 0.0001). The median leukocyte count in patients with abscesses (2.12×109 /L) was statistically significantly higher than in infiltrates (0.57×109 /L) and necrosis (0.74×109 /L). The main source of infection in infiltrates was anal fissures (70.4 %), while in abscesses the main sources of infection were crypts of the anal canal (39 %) and pararectal fistulas (36 %). The main causative agents of PI were Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli (43 %), Klebsiella spp. (15 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.4 %)), and Enterococci (12.5 %). P. aeruginosa was isolated more often in necrosis (22 %) than in other clinical forms of PI (3–5 %) (p = 0.0033), while the frequency of detection of other bacteria was independent of the clinical manifestations of PI. PI was a microbiologically proven source of sepsis in 9.5 % of PI episodes. The probability of PI-associated bloodstream infections was highest at 5 days and was significantly higher in patients with neutropenia (10 % vs 2 %) (p = 0.0044).

Conclusion: Different mechanisms of pararectal cell infection should be taken into account when forming a strategy for the prevention of PI.
Treatment of secondary hemophagocytic syndrome
Authors: Potapenko V. G. , Antonov М. М. , Antipova A. S. , Avdoshina D. D. , Gaidukova I. Z. , Goloshchapov O. V. , Dulaeva E. N. , Zabutova Yu. V. , Karyagina E. V. , Kotova N. A. , Kozyro V. V. , Kulibaba T. G. , Lapin S. V. , Meshhaninova S. G. , Molchan A. A. , Palvuchenko E. S. , Pervakova M. Yu. , Petrova M. S. , Potikhonova N. A. , Ryabchikova V. V. , Surkova E. A. , Мedvedeva N. V. , Mironova O. P. , Nebeliczkaya O. V. , Nesterov Yu. A. , Samorodova I. A. , Serkov A. V. , Skorokhod I. A. , Skoryukova K. V. , Skorobogatova N. V. , Fedunjak I. P. , Chernookaya N. Yu. , Chaginskaya D. A. , Noviczkij A. V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a reaction of severe, excessive, but ineffective inflammation. HPS is divided into primary or as a complication of a different causes — secondary HPS (sHPS).

Aim: to analyze the effi cacy of different treatments in sHPS patients.

Materials and methods. For the retrospective analysis, the medical documentation of patients who were treated in the period from June 2009 to January 2023 was used. The H-Score and HLH-2004 criteria were used to verify sHPS. The results of clinical blood analysis and biochemical tests are presented. The survival was analyzed within two weeks after the verification of sHPS. The main treatment options for sHPS were etoposide, glucocorticosteroids (GCSs), anticancer therapy and intravenous immunoglobulin.

Results. The study included data from 130 patients, median age 56 years (18–90); 70 females and 60 males with sHPS. All patients received treatment with a drug change in cases of inefficiency: a total of 186 episodes. A stable response was achieved in 74 (56.9 %) patients. The median survival in patients without a response was 2 days. If the therapy was effective, the median survival was not reached. Positive dynamics were observed during the first day after the start of effective treatment, however, a few patients had transient worsening of some markers. The main factor in the negative prognosis was the degree of multiple organ failure during sHPS verification. In the group of patients with autoimmune diseases, GCSs were the most effective, with a response reached in 75 % of cases. For patients with resistance, as well as in patients with Epstein—Barr virus infection and blood malignancy, etoposide proved to be effective in 65.7 % of cases.

Conclusion. sHPS was accompanied by an increase in pancytopenia, cytolytic, cholestatic syndromes, hypocoagulation, azotemia, hypertriglyceridemia and excessive hyperferritinemia. After the initiation of effective therapy, persistent clinical and laboratory responses developed during the first day. Therapy by GCSs was effective in most patients with autoimmune diseases associated with sHPS. With other forms of sHPS in the studied group, etoposide had the most pronounced effect.
The role of oxidative stress in bone tissue in the pathogenesis of osteopenia in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Osikov M. V. , Korobkin E. A. , Korobkin A. V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. A decrease in bone mineral density (BMD), the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis is observed in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Patients with CLL are at a higher risk of developing fractures due to osteoporosis compared to healthy age-matched individuals. The pathogenesis of the osteodestructive process in CLL has been poorly studied and may be associated with excessive generation of reactive oxygen species and/or inhibition of antioxidant defense.

Aim: to investigate the relationship between indicators of oxidative stress in bone tissue and indicators of osteopenia in patients with CLL.

Materials and methods. The study included 48 male patients with CLL aged 50–70 years, divided into group 1 (n = 34) without signs of osteopenia and group 2 (n = 14) with signs of osteopenia based on osteodensitometry (T-score from –1.0 SD to –2.5 SD). BMD, T- and Z-scores were assessed in the lumbar spine, proximal femoral neck (PFC), and proximal femur. In the bone tissue homogenate, the content of products of oxidative modification of proteins (OMP) was determined spectrophotometrically in spontaneous and metal-catalyzed modes, reserve-adaptation potential, and general antioxidant status.

Results. Osteopenia was detected in 30 % of patients with CLL according to osteodensitometry in the neck of the proximal femur. In patients with CLL and osteopenia, signs of oxidative stress were observed in the bone tissue: early OMP products of a neutral and basic nature, late products of a neutral nature accumulated in the spontaneous detection mode; early and late OMP products of a neutral and basic nature accumulated in the induced mode; reserve-adaptive potential, the general antioxidant status decreased. Signs of osteopenia in the PFC in patients with CLL in the femoral neck increased as the content of early and late OMP products in the bone tissue increased in spontaneous and metal-induced detection modes, and the general antioxidant status in the bone tissue decreased.

Conclusion. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to modernize diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approaches.
Clinical application of a low-volume extracorporeal photochemotherapy for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Kumukova I. B. , Kurnikova E. E. , Garloeva J. N. , Trakhtman P. E. , Balashov D. N. , Shelikhova L. N. , Skvorcova J. V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is an attractive method of treating graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to the lack of systemic immunosuppression. However, the clinical use of ECP is often limited by the need for leukapheresis. There are modifications of ECP without the use of leukapheresis, in particular low-volume ECP.

Aim: to analyze the use of lv-ECP for the treatment of patients with acute and chronic GvHD.

Patients and methods. The results of treatment of 9 cases of acute GVHD and 15 cases of chronic GVHD using the lv-ECP from April 2021 to March 2024 are presented. The cellular product was obtained by effusion of 15-30 ml of whole blood followed by photochemical treatment. The processed autologous cell product was administered to the patient.

Results. The overall response in patients with acute GVHD was 44%, organ-specific response for skin lesions was 56 %, and for gastrointestinal lesions, 40%. In the treatment of chronic GvHD, the overall response was 73.3 %; the effectiveness of therapy for skin lesions was 71 %; for gastrointestinal lesions 67 %; for lung damage 67 %; for eye damage 100 %, for liver damage 100 %.

Conclusion. lv-ECP has shown promising efficacy results in the treatment of acute and chronic GvHD. lv-ECP is an attractive alternative to standard ECP when leukapheresis is not possible.
Analysis of the usability of graphical interfaces of car rental websites with consideration of universal design principles
Authors: Szewczyk Jakub , Skublewska-Paszkowska Maria
Published: December 2024

The study presents an analysis of two versions of a car rental website’s graphical interface in terms of usability and accessibility. a literature review was conducted to clarify concepts such as universal design, usability, and user experience. Two types of the car rental website were developed: one adhering to universal design principles and the other not considering these principles. The research employed tools such as WAVE, surveys, the LUT checklist, and an eye tracker. Metrics like time to first fixation and user ratings were analyzed. The experiments demonstrated that the website following universal design principles is more intuitive and user-friendly. Heatmaps and gaze paths illustrate that the version developed according to universal design principles significantly facilitates users in finding the information they need. Survey results proved that users rate websites developed according to universal design principles significantly
PARTISIPASI POLITIK GENERASI Z PADA NEW MEDIA MENJELANG PEMILIHAN GUBERNUR SULAWESI TENGGARA 2024
Authors: Indra Lestari  , Arief Iriyani Astuti , Muh.Djufri Rachim
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to identify and eximine Participation of Generation Z in New Media ahead of the Southeast Sulawesi gubernatorial election in 2024. The research method used is mix methods, which combine qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. With data collection techniques using questionnaires distributed via google form, interview, literature study, and documentation. The three steps of the analysis technique are data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. According to the research indicate that New media plays a central role in shaping Generation Z's understanding, attitudes and political engagement. Generation Z, as a technology-savvy group, utilizes new media not only as a source of information, but also as a tool to express political identity. They think that the political content they see through new media, especially social media, tends to be easier to understand compared to other news sources. The most frequently accessed political content on social media is political memes and humor, debates and political educational content. The research results also show that Generation Z's political opinions are largely formed through what they see on social media. Candidates for Governor who are more active on social media have the greatest chance of winning the votes of Generation Z, because most of them also know the Candidate for Governor of Southeast Sulawesi through social media.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN BEASISWA PEMUDA TANGGUH DALAM MENDORONG PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Diva Ayu Pratiwi Firdaus  , Agus Widiyarta
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine how the Resilient Pemuda Tangguh Scholarship policy is implemented to encourage improvements in the quality of education, especially expanding access to education for Surabaya City residents from underprivileged family backgrounds. Qualitative methods with primary and secondary data were applied in this research. Primary data was obtained from interviews, observation and documentation. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from other research documents, documents from related agencies, and online news related to the Resilient Pemuda Tangguh Scholarship. After the data is collected, analysis is carried out through data reduction, data display, and inference/verification stages. The informants used by researchers include students from schools who have not submitted monthly reports for the last three months, and staff of the Sub-Coordinator of Public Welfare as the party responsible for the Resilient Pemuda Tangguh Scholarship policy. Based on the analysis of Smith's four theoretical variables, namely ideal policy, target group, implementing organization, and environmental factors, this policy is considered successful in improving the quality of education for underprivileged families, although there are still 1,800 participants who do not submit monthly reports due to lack of awareness of this obligation.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN DI DESA WADUNGASIH KECAMATAN BUDURAN KABUPATEN SIDOARJO
Authors: Putri Faradina Reni Allysa , Lailul Mursyidah
Published: December 2024

The following study aims to describe and evaluate the Effectiveness of the Family Hope Program in Wadungasih Village. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The selection of informants was carried out by purposive sampling, consisting of Beneficiary Families (KPM) and PKH Companions of Wadungasih Village as those responsible for the Family Hope Program. The informant selection technique used in the following research is by purposive sampling, namely the technique. The data analysis model used is the Miles Huberman analysis model (1984) which includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the effectiveness of the Family Hope program in Wadungasih Village, Buduran District, Sidoarjo Regency has not fully achieved its goals because in the implementation of the Family Hope Program, the Apparatus is still unable to implement the program properly in understanding the program. Inaccuracy of targets in receiving PKH assistance. PKH Companions still have several obstacles that prevent them from achieving these goals. This makes the effectiveness of the family hope program in Wadungasih Village not yet effective.
Концепт гібридної технології дистанційного виявлення вибухонебезпечних предметів на прибережному мілководді акваторій
Authors: Щипцов Олександр Анатолійович , Бахмутов Володимир Георгійович , Поляченко Євген Броніславович , Попов Михайло Олексійович , Станкевич Сергій Арсенійович , Федосеєнков Сергій Геннадійович , Дугін Станіслав Сергійович , Щипцов Олександр Олександрович
Published: December 2024

Розглянуто проблему виявлення вибухонебезпечних предметів на прибережному мілководді акваторій. Розглянуто лише технологічну частину єдиного суднового програмно-технологічного комплексу для спеціалізованого синхронного моніторингу та безконтактного виявлення ВНП на прибережному мілководді акваторій. Акцент було зроблено на дослідженні багатогранних керунків застосування штучного інтелекту та розроблення програмних модулів з інноваційною складовою для потреб синхронного розпізнавання зображень від декількох джерел, впровадження алгоритмів машинного навчання та ін. Запропоновано концепт гібридної технології дистанційного виявлення вибухонебезпечних предметів на прибережному мілководді акваторій (з інноваційною складовою у частині обробки, аналізу та інтеграції гетерогенних даних), застосування якої забезпечує підвищення безпеки операторів технологічного процесу. Застосування даної технології забезпечує підвищення безпеки операторів технологічного процесу; а також систему комплексного моніторингу та безконтактного виявлення вибухонебезпечних предметів. Описано потенційні структурні модулі системи, наведено сучасні технічні та програмні засоби, які можуть бути застосовані. Розглянуто деякі особливості методики застосування гідроакустичних засобів пошуку та ідентифікації ВНП.
Фінансування: Це дослідження не отримало зовнішнього фінансування.
Доступність даних: Не застосовується.
Подяки: Вдячні рецензентам та редакторам за цінні коментарі, рекомендації та увагу до роботи.
Моделювання придатності територій для розміщення критичної інфраструктури України в умовах військових загроз
Authors: Боровик Кароліна Володимирівна , Гапон Сергій Вікторович , Пишнограєв Іван Олександрович , Хащевацька Аліна Ігорівна
Published: December 2024

Дослідження охоплює оцінку придатності територій України для розміщення промислових об'єктів та релокації енергетичної інфраструктури у прикордонних областях, в умовах військових дій. За допомогою комплексної ГІС-моделі аналізується територія за низкою факторів, які впливають на вибір місця для розміщення важливої інфраструктури. Основними факторами, які було враховано є особливості рельєфу (ухил, перепади висоти), наземний покрив, доступність транспорту, відстань до населених пунктів, віддаленість від надзвичайних ситуацій, спричинених воєнними діями. Моделювання включає аналіз відстаней та доступність, що дозволяє оцінити близькість кожного об'єкта до визначених інфраструктурних елементів. Результатом є створення загальної карти придатності, де найбільш перспективними визначено території в областях, що знаходяться віддалено від зони бойових дій та мають розвинену інфраструктуру та необхідні умови під розміщення потрібних центрів промисловості чи енергетичних підстанцій. Такий підхід сприяє економічній доцільності, мінімізації логістичних витрат, а також гарантує стабільне електропостачання. Одним із факторів, який враховувався під час моделювання пріоритетних місць, було використання кадастрових ділянок. Це важливий елементом, що забезпечує розташування на конкретних придатних земельних ділянках, визначених за їх цільовим призначенням, а не абстрактно. Це дозволяє уникнути розробки проектів поза контекстом цільового призначення та врахувати реальні можливості територій для ефективного планування промислової інфраструктури. Запропонована модель дозволяє побачити неочевидні закономірності та ідентифікувати такі ділянки, які б не розглядалися як пріоритетні при використанні класичних методів оцінювання. На основі моделі визначено 50 пріоритетних ділянок для промислових об'єктів та 60 для електропідстанцій, що відповідають вимогам безпеки та економічної доцільності.
Фінансування: Дослідження виконане в межах науково-дослідної роботи, що профінансоване МОН України (номер державної реєстрації 0123U102015).
Доступність даних: У дослідженні використані відкриті дані, на які присутні посилання в тексті статті.
Подяки: Автори вдячні Збройним Силам України за їхню службу та самопожертву та хочемо подякувати за безпеку наших сімей та можливість проведення цього дослідження.
The Influence of School Administration on Science Students' Academic Performance in Nsasi Sub-County
Authors: Kamagara Michael , Turyamureeba Silaji , Rahamah Shue Idrees , Eze Chidinma Esther
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between school administration and the performance of science students in secondary schools in Nsasi Sub County, Ibanda district. Specifically, the study aimed to identify the administrative roles of head teachers in enhancing the academic performance of science students in this area. Additionally, it sought to establish the influence of school administration's motivation on the performance of science students in secondary schools. Furthermore, the study aimed to examine how school administration practices impact academic performance in this district. The researcher utilized a descriptive research design to gather the necessary information. The findings of the study revealed that 18.9% of respondents agreed that head teachers exhibit calmness in difficult situations, think before taking action, and prioritize the school's needs over their own. Additionally, 13.3% of respondents agreed that head teachers develop school budgets that encompass various areas of responsibility to achieve educational objectives, particularly in the teaching and learning process. Based on these findings, the study concluded that performance-based rewards significantly influence the performance of teachers in secondary schools. Furthermore, employees are more motivated when their pay is linked to improved terms and conditions of service, leading to increased productivity and higher quality work. The study also concluded that head teachers should take a more proactive approach in supervising teachers and students on a day-to-day basis. Lastly, the government should provide all necessary teaching materials to enhance teaching standards among teachers.
The Vicious Cycle of Colonization in the Cinematic Adaptations of Dune
Authors: Safari Monfared Mahdi
Published: December 2024

This study examines the intricate relationship between colonization and environmental destruction in Denis Villeneuve’s cinematic adaptation of Frank Herbert's Dune. Drawing on Ferdinand Malcolm's theory of decolonial ecology, it argues that colonial activities in Dune not only dehumanize and subjugate indigenous populations, as articulated in Fanon's postcolonial theory, but also severely exploit and damage the planet’s environment. The indigenous people, faced with ecological devastation and cultural erasure, initiate a decolonization process aimed at reclaiming their land, identity, and agency while simultaneously working to restore the environment. However, the narrative ultimately reveals the failure of this decolonization movement as a new tyrannical figure emerges, perpetuating the cycle of colonization and exploitation. This study employs a qualitative methodology, combining critical analysis with decolonial and postcolonial theoretical frameworks. Key scenes and visuals in the film are analyzed to explore their symbolic representations of ecological exploitation and resistance. By linking narrative and theory, the study highlights Dune’s reflection of contemporary issues surrounding colonialism, environmental degradation, and the challenges of achieving meaningful decolonization.
REVISION The Impact of Work Hours and Cultural Expectations on Mental Health in Japan
Authors: Haga Tatsuhiro , Tanaka Hiroshi , Fujiwara Kei , Suzuki Yuki , Matsumoto Yoshiko
Published: December 2024

This study examines the relationship between Japan's work culture and the mental health of its workers, focusing on stress, anxiety, and depression caused by long working hours and high productivity demands. Japan’s work culture, which emphasizes loyalty to the company and endurance, has contributed to a significant rise in mental health issues. Despite efforts by the government and companies to reduce overtime and provide mental health support, the policies implemented so far have proven insufficient in addressing the root causes of workplace stress. This research incorporates in-depth interviews, surveys, and case studies from workers across both private and public sectors. The findings indicate a strong correlation between long working hours and elevated stress levels, with workers in the private sector, younger employees, and women experiencing higher levels of anxiety and stress. Policies like flexible work hours, mental health programs, and reduced overtime showed positive impacts on well-being, but their inconsistent implementation limits their effectiveness. The study concludes that policies must go beyond reducing working hours and incorporate structural changes in workplace culture. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of these reforms, explore sector-specific mental health needs, and consider gendered aspects of work-related stress.
HETEROSIS AND GENE ACTION FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS AND Maize (Zea mays L.), USING HALF DIALLEL CROSSES.
Authors: Shapal hasan Ramadan  , A. T.  Mohammed A. Hussain
Published: December 2024

Experiment of  half diallel cross  among eight maize inbred lines was carried out during spring 2021.The varietal traits for F1 cross and parents with local hybrid were conducted during autumn 2021 Field of  College of Agricultural  Engineering  Sciences , University of Duhok, using Randomized  Complete  Block  Design with three replications .The results were revealed that the analysis of variance for genotypes and general and specific combining ability were significant effect on  studied traits , also the ratio of degree  of  dominance is  less  then one for all traits . The cross 7x8  gave the  heighest  value ( 219.35g)   for grain yield per plant and the same cross gave positive significant heterosis over mid parent , best parent and local hybrid .The heritability were high for  number of ear per plant and ear diameter with value( 0.55) and( 0.45) respectively,  the expected genetic advance was low  for yield and yield components.
AMELIORATION POTATO PLANT PERFORMANCE UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS IN IRAQ BY USING TITANIUM DIOXIDE, AND BIODEGRADING, BIODEGRADABLE TREATMENTS
Authors: Aseel M.H. H. Al-Khafaji  , Kadhim D. H. Al-jubouri  , F. Y. Baktash
Published: December 2024

This study was aimed to mitigate the issue of drought in potato production and quality using number of sustainable strategies. The experiment carried out at vegetable field of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad during spring season 2023. The experiment was conducted using split arrangement within Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors and three replicates (2X6X3). Applying TiO2-NPs represented the first factor (main plot) (10 mg.L-1), which symbolized (T0, T1). six treatments were included to represent subplots (regular irrigation interval (I) prolonged irrigation interval (D), fungal biofertilizers (DB), fungal biofertilizers + mannitol (DBM), fungal biofertilizers +xanthan (DBZ), fungal biofertilizers + mannitol+ xanthan (DBMZ). Results showed the superiority of spraying TiO2-NPs in all yield traits. Also the results revealed interaction treatment T1DBMX in producing significant results the entire vegetative growth traits and stress related enzymes concentrations in compare to control treatment T0D.
IMPACT OF GRAPE SEEDS EXTRACT AGAINST ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETES IN MICE
Authors: Ahmed H. M.  , A. C. Saddam
Published: December 2024

The current study was aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on Alloxan (120mg/kg of body weight) induced diabetes in mice as well as characterize the chemical composition and phytochemical content of grape seeds from three grape cultivars (Ahmer, Halawani, and Kamali) grown in Iraq as well as pomace. Ahmer gave the highest values for crude fat14.84±0.2 and phytochemicals (tannins, saponin, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, and anthocyanin) as compared to other cultivars. phytochemical analysis using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that the highest concentration of proanthocyanidins polymers (catechine, procyanidin, and epicatechine) was recorded in Ahmer seed extract which were (796, 170, 244) µg/g, respectively, while the lowest amounts were in pomace 489, 99, and 143 µg/g, respectively using HPLC. Oral administration of grape seed natural extract (600 mg/kg/day) reduced the level of glucose in mice which was highly statistically significant (p <0.01) compared with the diabetic control mice (untreated), which was 206.83±6.7 and 349±27.50 mg/dl, respectively.
EFFECT OF SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM L. ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACT AGAINST PATHOGENIC CANDIDA.ALBICANS IN-VITRO
Authors: Ban M.A.  , O. M. S. Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

Candida albicans is an universal fungi, belong to the phylum Ascomycota, the infection caused by Candida albicans is called candidiasis. The study aimed to evaluate the Syzygium aromaticum extract as antifungal activity and fungicidal against C.albicans. Furthermore, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to determine active components of clove oil which indicated the presence of eugenol (41.24%), followed by caryophyllene (18.36%) . The disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration was done to evaluate the anti-candidal activity of different S.aromaticum concentration. Extract with S. aromaticum yield percentage of 46.6 %. The in-vitro anti-candidal extract exhibited the highest antifungal activity against C. albicans, with inhibition zone diameters of 22.0 mm at 0.5mg/disc. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract was 1mg/ml against C. albicans, while the minimum fungicidal concentration was 2mg/ml.
EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF DILL AND YOGURT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN LOCAL QUAILS
Authors: Lanja A. Ismael  , Payam Sadik Sabir
Published: December 2024

The current study aimed to determine the effect of adding mixture of dried dill (Anethum gravelens) powder at levels 0.2 % with yogurt to the quail diet on the productive and physiological characteristics of male and female quails. The experimental birds were divided into four treatments, and each treatment was divided into three replicates, with 8 birds for each replicate. The results showed a significant superiority of quail birds in the fourth treatment in the body weight at 42 days (210.08±3.34 g/bird), carcass weight (125.50±1.9 g/bird), highest value of HDL (14.50 ± 0.33 mg/dL) and the number of white blood cells (123.21 ± 5.66100/µL). While the birds of the second treatment excelled in the hemoglobin ratio in the blood (22.50 ± 0.31 g/dL) and recorded the lowest percentage of total cholesterol (188.63 ± 47 mg/dL) and the lowest LDL value (22.58 ± 1.66 mg/dL). Female quail were significantly superior in body and carcass weight at 42 days of age, while males were superior to females in most of the physiological traits studied. Brown quails also significantly outperformed white quails in body weight at 42 days (215.52 ± 4.83 g/bird), carcass weight (127.66 ± 2.33 g/bird), and white blood cell count (120.49 ± 4.16µL/100).
MANAGEMENT OF USING SALINE IRRIGATION WATER AND TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON THE SOIL MECHANICAL AND HYDRAULIC
Authors: Shaima S. Dawod  , Alaa S. Ati  , Inas A. Abdujabbar
Published: December 2024

A field experiment was carried out within the Shanafiyah - Nasiriyah project / Iraq during the autumn season 2022-2023 to evaluate the performance of the different tillage systems in some soil physical and hydraulic properties when irrigated with salt water and 25% Leaching factor throughout the growing season. In addition to evaluating its performance in mechanical technical properties before sowing. The experiment included three systems: A. minimum tillage with a disc harrow b. Tillage with Chisel Plow and Spring Tooth Harrows c. Tillage with Mold Plow and Spring Tooth Harrows. The study results showed that the Mini Tillage with (Disk Harrow) treatment was superior in giving the best values ​​for the mechanical and technical properties and the soil’s physical and hydraulic properties compared to other systems.
ANTIGENOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF GRACILARIA SP. ON ERYTHROCYTES OF NILE TILAPIA EXPOSED BY METHOMYL-BASED PESTICIDE
Authors: R.A. Islamy  , V. Hasan  , Sze-Wan Poong  , Y. Kilawati  , A.P. Basir  , A.S. Kamarudin
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the biochemical profile, antioxidant properties, and antigenotoxic activity of red seaweed (Gracilaria sp.) extract on micronuclei formation in peripheral blood erythrocytes of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to a methomyl-based pesticide. Results revealed a diverse phytochemical profile in the red seaweed extract, with the presence of alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, tannins, coumarins, terpenoids, quinine, phytosteroids, flavonoids, and phlobtannins. GC-MS analysis identified compounds such as Heptadecane, Neophytadine, Hexadecanoic acid, Oleic acid, and Adipic acid in the sample. The antioxidant activity exhibited a concentration-dependent response, demonstrating increased strength with higher extract concentrations. Antigenotoxic analysis indicated a significant reduction in micronuclei frequency in peripheral erythrocytes of tilapia. In conclusion, the research underscores the potential of red seaweed extract as a valuable natural resource with antioxidant properties and a mitigating effect on genotoxicity induced by pesticide exposure in aquatic organisms.
EFFECT OF SPRAYING WITH BENZYLADENINE AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE GROWTH, FLOWERING AND CONTENT OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF CALENDULA OFFICINALIS
Authors: Nawal M. Alwan  , Sundus A. AL-Rahman  , Sadiq M. Sadiq
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effect of spraying benzyladenine and phosphorus on growth, flowering, and medicinal active compound content of Calendula officinalis cultivar "Bon Bon” under wooden shade conditions. The experiment was conducted using a factorial experiment within Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates, examining two factors: benzyladenine at three concentrations (0, 50, and 100 mg L-1) and phosphorus at three concentrations (0, 2.5, and 5 mg L-1). The results indicated that benzyladenine (BA2) and phosphorus (P2) treatments significantly enhanced vegetative and floral growth, including plant spread, height, leaf number, branch number, and both fresh and dry weights. Additionally, these treatments improved floral characteristics such as flowering duration, number of flowers, flower diameter, peduncle length, peduncle diameter, fresh and dry flower weights, and flower longevity on the plant.
MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS OF ALNAJMI AGRICULTURAL PROJECT IN MUTHANNA GOVERNORATE\SOUTHERN OF IRAQ
Authors: S. H. Mohammed  , K. A.Wheib
Published: December 2024

Alnajmi Agricultural project, Muthanna, Iraq, featured with wide salt affected soils, although it is considered as a significant project for irrigated agriculture. Salt affected soils in this project were studied in different methodologies. Micromorphology descriptive study was conducted to get more information about the salinization process in this project. Eight pedons out of twenty-five ones were selected to be examined micromorphologically. Six of these pedons were salt affected, while the other two were none salt affected soils. As a comparison among those eight pedons, saline soils showed different features related to microstructure and porosity, besides coatings as salwans (salt cutans) and calcitans (carbonate cutans). Paleosalinization process showed clear salwans in examined soils, while recently salinized soils showed weak features of salt coatings. Carbonate coatings were found in all samples due to the nature of the soil formation in arid and semi-arid regions. None salt affected soils did not show salt coatings, while they showed carbonate minerals coatings.
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR PAPER WASTE RECYCLING PROJECT
Authors: Barbaz  D. S.
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the economic feasibility of paper recycling factories in Iraq by studying the technical, marketing and financial feasibility to establish a paper-recycling factory in Najaf Governorate and to show the importance of these projects in achieving sustainable efficiency as well as achieving economic efficiency. The expected investment and operating costs were estimated and then the economic profitability criteria were adopted in addition to conducting a sensitivity analysis and determining the break-even amount. The research hypothesis was proven, which confirms that there is an economic, an environmental and marketing feasibility for paper waste recycling projects, as it was found that the project recovers all the money invested in it within a year and a month and a half, and the accounting return rate reached 82%. The net present value was (78,403,069,418) Iraqi dinars, while the discounted profitability index criterion was about (2.546). The internal rate of return criterion was (115%). The risk analysis proved that the project can withstand a 60% decrease in its revenues, and the break-even point quantity was about 1729 tons. The sensitivity analysis also proved that the project is insensitive to changes in investment costs and operating costs, and insensitive to fluctuations in the prices of the project's products. In light of the results, it was found that the project is economically feasible. The study recommended the need to support waste recycling projects as they contribute to achieving environmental sustainability and economic efficiency.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ALLELOPATHIC COMPOUNDS FROM THE RESIDUES OF SOME SUNFLOWER CULTIVARS USING HPLC TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Alaa A. J. AL-Behadili
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted to detect some of the allelopathic chemical class in plant residues of nine cultivars of sunflower, including Zahret Al-Iraq, Luleo, Turkie, Al-Isaqi 1, Al-Isaqi 2, Tarzan, Akmar, Shumoos, and Sin Al-Theeb, using appropriate chemical reagents. Some of these chemical were furthered analysed  for their content of allelopathic comopounds using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results revealed the presence of glycosides, alkaloids, tannins, terpenes, steroids and flavonoids the plant residues of the test sunflower cultivars. Concentrations of glycosides, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids were measured, were found to be highter in Shumoos and Tarzan 1018 cultivar residues. The analysis with the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) indicated the presence of several allelopathic compounds of phenolic in nature in the different sunflower cultivar residues, namely Rutin, Vanillin, Resorcinol, and Quercetin.
EFFECT OF SHOCKS OF AGRICULTURAL TERMS OF TRADE (TOT) ON SOME AGRICULTURAL INDICATORS IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD (1990 - 2019)
Authors: AlAttabi, H. A.  , B. H. AlBadri
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to investigate the impact of agricultural TOT shocks and the strength of their effects on some indicators of the agricultural sector. The research uses VAR, Variance decomposition and IRF approaches. The research is due to the almost monolithic exports and the multiplicity of imports, and the results of the agricultural product response to the shock of the agricultural gross terms of trade (GBTT) indicated that it had a negative impact, due to the shocks that the last variable was subjected to, which was reflected on an agricultural product, but they are not permanent as they returned to the normal situation within the sixth year. The research recommended adopting the TOT criterion as one of the criteria for drawing agricultural development plans in Iraq and one of its basic indicators to link the import capacity with the export capacity, as well as the need to pay attention to reviving agricultural exports to Iraq to stimulate agricultural terms of trade and then agricultural investment.
EFFECT OF DIFF. SUBS. AND SPRAYING WITH K2SIO3 ON THE ROOT AND VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF L. W. PLANTS IN BAGHDAD CITY
Authors: A. M. S. Zalzala  , S. A. Abdul Latif
Published: December 2024

This study was aimed to investigate the response of two types of ornamental herbaceous plants (Wedelia trilobata and Jacobaea maritima 'Cirrus') to different agricultural environments and the application of potassium silicates to the living walls system LWS (Felt layer system) under the climate conditions of Baghdad city. Each experiment involved the cultivation of a different plant species, and the study duration was from September 15, 2021, to August 1, 2022. A Strip-Plot Design experiment was conducted using two factors: factor M with four levels of substrates (50% peatmoss and perlite (M1), 50% Vermicompost and perlite (M2), 50% Water hyacinth compost and perlite (M3), 50% wheat straw compost and perlite (M4)) and factor S with three levels of foliar spray of potassium silicate (0, 1.5, and 3 ml Lֿ ¹) S1, S2 and S3 respectively. The results differed according to the different substrates, and the study indicators were superior using potassium silicate concentrations compared to the comparison treatment.
USING CELLULOSE GUM TO IMPROVE THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL, RHEOLOGICAL, AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF LOW-FAT MOZZARELLA CHEESE
Authors: Shaymaa Saady Lafta
Published: December 2024

This study was aimed  to investigate the potential of cellulose gum as a substitute for fat in Mozzarella cheese production and evaluate its impact on the cheese's physicochemical, rheological, and sensory properties. Cellulose gum was added in different ratios of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5%, revealing treatments  A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 to skimmed milk, respectively. As well as the positive control treatment C+ manufactured from whole milk, there is a negative control treatment C- made from skimmed milk without cellulose gum. After processing, several tests were conducted to determine the quality of the product. Chemical tests were carried out to measure moisture, protein, fat, lactose, and ash  and total acidity  percentage. Physical tests were also conducted, including, pH, compression, and elasticity measurements. In addition, sensory evaluations were conducted immediately and after 120 days of storage at (5 ± 1) º C. The results revealed that the cellulose gum treatments contained a higher moisture content than C+ and C- recorded at 48.13 and 50.40 %, respectively. In comparison, it varied from 56.85 to 55.00 % for cellulose gum treatments A2 (the best treatment in sensory properties). During 120 days of storage at (5±1)ºC, all treatment values significantly reduced moisture content. Fat content increased significantly in all cellulose gum-treated skimmed milk, while lactose percentage remained constant across all treatments. Adding cellulose gum to cheese production improved its rheological test results for compression and elasticity compared to the control group. Also, adding cellulose gum enhanced cheese yield and improved the sensory properties of low-fat Mozzarella cheese.
INFLUENCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AND VITAMIN E ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF BROILER CHICKENS UNDER HEAT STRESS
Authors: Galawezh Kh. Qader  , Ihsan T.Tayeb
Published: December 2024

This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of adding dietary three medicinal plants and vitamin E on productive performance, serum physiological parameters, immunity and antioxidant status of broiler chickens under heat stress (34 - 38) C° for 35 days. A total of 600 Ross one day old broiler chicks were distributed randomly into eight treatments with five replicates 15 birds per each replicate as follows: T1: broiler were fed standard ration (negative control); T2: 50 mg vitamin E /kg ration (positive control); T3: 5g Dill  powder /kg ration; T4: 10g Dill  powder /kg ration; T5: 5g Adiantum powder /kg ration; T6: 10g Adiantum powder /kg ration; T7: 5g Crataegus powder /kg ration and T8: 10g Crataegus powder /kg ration. Live body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and mortality rate were measured at weekly intervals. There was a significant effect of medicinal plants on live body weight at 35 day. However, non-significant difference was noticed on feed intake, significant differences on feed conversion ratio, mortality and livability%. Regarding male chickens, T3 treatment had significantly higher carcass yield as well as each of T3 male and T4 female had higher dressing percentage. Furthermore, higher production index was found in T4 while, high value of economic figure was shown in T5 as well as significant effect on serum thyroid hormone T3,T4, corticosterone hormone and enhanced total antioxidant capacity and stable malondialdehyde all helped to reduce oxidative stress as well as boost antibody titers of ND and IBD compared with T1. It can be concluded that the supplementation of medicinal plants to broiler´s diet had a beneficial effect on most of broiler performance, improving immunity, resistance characteristics and oxidative stress particularly in T4 (Dill10g/kg) under heat stress.
PROSPECTIVE COMPARISON STUDY OF HYPERBARIC 0.5% LEVOBUPIVACAINE VERSUS 0.5% HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE FOR SPINALANESTHESIA IN ELECTIVE INFRAUMBILICAL SURGERIES.
Authors: R. M Jeyasureyan , Nethaji Ranjitha , Hiremath Vishwanath
Published: December 2024

Background: Spinal anesthesia (SA) is the preferred technique for infraumbilical surgeries due to its effectiveness and safety profile. While
racemic bupivacaine is commonly used due to its long duration of action, it carries risks such as myocardial depression and potential cardiac arrest.
Levobupivacaine, an S-enantiomer of bupivacaine, has a better safety profile. This study aimed to compare the efficacy, duration of analgesia, and
safety of hyperbaric levobupivacaine versus bupivacaine for elective infraumbilical surgeries. Methods: A prospective, randomized, doubleblind study was conducted following WHO Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. Sixty adult patients aged 18-60 years, scheduled for lower
limb surgeries, were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups. Group L received 3 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric levobupivacaine, and Group B
received 3 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. The onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, the level achieved, regression,
hemodynamic parameters, and side effects were recorded and analyzed. Results: Group L exhibited a longer onset of sensory (4.07 ± 0.83
minutes) and motor blockade (4.83 ± 0.74 minutes) compared to Group B (2.93 ± 0.45 minutes for sensory and 3.83 ± 0.59 minutes for motor, p <
0.05). The duration of sensory (184 ± 12.42 minutes) and motor blockade (212 ± 10.48 minutes) was shorter in Group Lcompared to Group B (203
± 7.56 minutes for sensory and 232 ± 10.95 minutes for motor, p < 0.05). The time to two-segment regression was faster in Group L (159 ± 24.47
minutes) versus Group B (180 ± 21.02 minutes, p < 0.001). The incidence of complications was similar between the groups. Conclusion:
Levobupivacaine provided shorter duration of sensory and motor blockade, allowing for earlier mobilization, which may be advantageous in
ambulatory and day-care surgeries. Both drugs demonstrated comparable safety profiles, making levobupivacaine a viable alternative to
bupivacaine for infraumbilical surgeries.
Jean Barré de Saint-Venant et la colonisation nouvelle
Authors: Talini Giulio
Published: December 2024

The aim of this article is to explore the intellectual and political trajectory of the Dominguan planter, scientist, and agronomist Jean Barré de Saint-Venant (1737-1810). As a member of the Circle of the Philadelphes and of the Chamber of Agriculture of Le Cap Français, between the end of the Old Regime and the Napoleonic period, Barré de Saint-Venant outlined through his memoires and printed works a creole path to agricultural, economic, and institutional progress in the plantation society of Saint-Domingue. By blending philosophy, racial theory, colonial history, scientific experiments, and empirical knowledge, his reflection and action within the central and peripheral imperial administration demonstrate the active participation of Barré de Saint-Venant and other Dominguan colonists in the pursuit of a so-called «colonisation nouvelle», based on expertise in the service of the legislator, on technological and governmental modernisation, on the promotion of an enlightened public sphere, and on the exploitation of the enslaved African. On the other hand, Barré de Saint-Venant’s ideas and reform projects invite us to reflect further on the notion of «Caribbean Enlightenment».