bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of different conservation strategies on the gut microbiome and metabolome of the threatened wildlife: an observation from golden snub-nosed monkey
Authors: Zhang Du , Hu Qi , Zhou Yunyun , Yu Huiliang , Cong Wei , Cheng Minghao , Wang Junwen , Liu Xueduan , Zou Kai , Long Shuizhi , Zhao Chongnan , Jiang Jun , Gao Fei , Zhang Yuguang
Published: July 2023

Human conservation efforts have pros and cons for endangered animals. Metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome provides valuable insights and tools for wildlife conservation. However, most studies only focus on changes in microbial species and potential functional genes, leaving out the assembly mechanisms and metabolic activities of wildlife gut microbiome. Herein, we investigated the gut microbiome of golden snub-nosed monkeys under varied conservation strategies (wild, captive, and food provision) using metagenome and metabolome analysis. We found that the conserved monkeys had more non-redundant genes, distinct community diversities, and less stable gut microbiota. Source-tracking analysis showed captive group has fewer wild-sourced microbes than food provision group. The captive group had more habitat specialists with narrower niche breadth compared to the provision/wild counterparts. Besides, captive group's microbiota governed by deterministic processes more than provisioned/wild groups. Procrustes analysis revealed changes in antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors linked to mobile genetic elements in conserved monkeys. Notably, gut microbiota and metabolomic dataset had significant co-variation and clear separation among the wild, captive and food provision groups. Weighted correlation network analysis identified co-varying modules of microbiota and metabolites with opposite variation trends between the wild and conserved animals, specifically linked to co-metabolism pathways associated with essential amino acids. This study provides new insights into the structural features, assembly mechanisms, community functions, and microbiota-metabolome associations of wildlife gut microbiome under different conservation strategies and have significant implications for advancing sustainable conservation practices.
Gestufte digitale Lernhilfen als Professionalisierungskonzept für inklusiven Naturwissenschaftsunterricht
Authors: Schilling Navina , Goltz Jonas , Koisser Sebastian , Demmer Christine , Löser Jessica , Werning Rolf
Published: July 2023

Schule steht vor umfassenden Veränderungen, wenn sie die Entwicklungsanlässe von Digitalisierung und Inklusion umzusetzen versucht. Beide gehen für Schule mit großen Herausforderungen, aber auch Chancen einher. Anknüpfend an vorliegende Befunde im Schnittfeld von Digitalisierung und Inklusion wird im vorliegenden Artikel das Projekt DiLernProfis vorgestellt, das sich mit der Nutzung von gestuften digitalen Lernhilfen in Form von Tablet-Apps beim Experimentieren im inklusiven Naturwissenschaftsunterricht der Sekundarstufe I befasst. Die Lernhilfe liegt in Form einer im Projekt entwickelten App für Tablets vor, die den Schüler*innen ein selbstständiges Bearbeiten von Aufgaben ermöglichen soll. Es werden erste Ergebnisse aus dem qualitativ empirischen Teil des Projekts DiLernProfis vorgestellt (teilnehmende Unterrichtsbeobachtungen und Interviews mit Lehrkräften) und deren Bedeutung für die Entwicklung eines Fortbildungskonzeptes diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine als nicht optimal wahrgenommene Passung zwischen den gestuften digitalen Lernhilfen und den Lernvoraussetzungen der heterogenen Lerngruppen sowie ein mögliches Stigmatisierungspotenzial, das die Nutzung der Lernhilfe birgt.
 
Abstract
Schools are facing extensive changes as they attempt to implement the prompts for development brought about by digitization and inclusion. For schools, both areas are accompanied by major challenges, especially when they are related to each other, but they are equally accompanied by opportunities. Building on existing findings at the intersection of digitization and inclusion, this article presents the DiLernProfis project, which focuses on the use of staged digital learning aids in the form of tablet apps that can be used for experimentation in inclusive science classes at the lower secondary level. The learning aid, i.e. the tablet app has been developed in the project and is intended to enable students to work on tasks independently. In the following, we will present first findings from the qualitative empirical part of the DiLernProfis project (participatory classroom observations and interviews with teachers) and discuss their significance for the development of an advanced training concept. The results show a perceived mismatch between the staged digital learning aids and the learning requirements of the heterogeneous student groups as well as a potential for stigmatization that the use of the learning aid might entail.
O direito humano à alimentação adequada das pessoas em situação de rua: O Caso da “Farinata”
Authors: Weber Cristiano , De García Nunes Tiago
Published: July 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é discorrer sobre o direito humano à alimentação adequada, suas políticas públicas e desafios. A abordagem é feita à luz do direito humano à alimentação adequada das pessoas em situação de rua, que também deve ser vista e respeitada como um direito indisponível. O método aplicado neste estudo é o da análise documental, tendo, por base, tanto uma reflexão conceitual como uma observação empírica sobre um determinado evento, isto é, a proposta fracassada de criação de um programa governamental chamado “Alimento Para Todos”, mais conhecido como o caso da “farinata”, que, em outubro de 2017, foi uma tentativa de lançamento pela prefeitura de São Paulo. A conclusão deste trabalho caminha no sentido de que uma alimentação adequada, saudável, natural e nutritiva, direito fundamental de todo ser humano, pois é inerente à dignidade da pessoa humana e indispensável à realização dos demais direitos já consagrados, vai muito além da mera “comida” biológica, uma vez que também há relação com as questões sociais, culturais e ambientais.
Spatial distribution and water quality index of Lahore Canal, Pakistan
Authors: Jalees Muhammad Irfan , Irfan Iffat , Ali Asif , Batool Madeeha
Published: July 2023

The Lahore Canal (LC) in Lahore city of Pakistan, with the discharge of 402 cusecs, runs along the city's centre. With rapid urbanization and population growth, the LC water is deteriorating. This study determined the water quality index and spatial distribution of pollutants. Three months of sampling from six separate locations were performed. Water quality parameters were analysed. The results indicated that pH, solids, turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, and chlorides were within guidelines, but DO BOD and nitrogen were beyond guidelines. Moderate BOD values (2.24–8.06 mg/L) and low DO values (0.13–3.56 mg/L) indicated a low oxygen environment. Heavy metal concentration was as follows: Fe > Pb > Cr > Cu. The Pearson correlation coefficient indicated ± poor to moderate (0.3–0.7) correlation. The ANOVA result supported the alternative hypothesis, i.e., the pollutants originated from the same source. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed three primary sources for the different pollutants based on loading of variance and Euclidean distance, respectively. The WQI of LC at all locations was above 300, indicating that LC water is not suitable for any usage. The spatial distribution of parameters indicated the effects of urbanization and commercialization (small household industries) at Location-4. The poor water quality of LC needs immediate government attention.
Performance evaluation of pilot-scale reverse osmosis spiral wound membrane for water desalination systems
Authors: Allam Mohamed , Soussa Hoda , Elalfy Ezzat
Published: July 2023

The increasing scarcity of potable water increases the demand for non-conventional potable water resources such as desalination. Experiments are carried out using a pilot-scale device of the desalination process for three configurations of membrane allocation inside the pressure vessel. Configuration (A) is one pressure vessel containing one spiral wound membrane (SWM), (B) is four pressure vessels each containing one SWM connected in parallel, and (C) is one pressure vessel containing four membranes connected in parallel. The effect of applied pressure, temperature, and water salinity is studied. Moreover, a mathematical model using ANSYS Fluent was developed and verified using the experimental data. The mathematical model is applied to an idealized case of an actual desalination plant. The main findings are (1) configurations (B) and (C) accomplished higher permeate discharge comparing to (A) by an average percentage of 60 and 50, respectively, while (C) has the lowest output salinity by 30% from configuration (A). (2) The mathematical model is found to reduce the operating pressure of the plant by 8%.
Determinants of transitions in drinking water service systems in developing economies: a case study of Uganda
Authors: Sempewo Jotham Ivan , Kayaga Sam
Published: July 2023

Limited research has been undertaken on significant factors associated with transitions between drinking water supply systems (DWSS) ladders. In this paper, we applied panel ordered logistic multinomial logistic regression models to seven datasets of the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (1988–2021), with the SDG6 categorical levels of DWSS (unimproved, improved and piped into dwelling) as transition levels, and various socio-economic and demographic characteristics as covariates. Sex and education level of household head, toilet facility, electricity access, size of agricultural land and wealth index are significant factors. The main implication is the need to address socio-economic disparities in developing economies.
Water footprint assessment and its importance in Indian context: a meta-review
Authors: Mehla Mukesh Kumar , Kothari Mahesh , Singh Pardeep Kumar , Bhakar Sita Ram , Yadav Kamal Kishore
Published: July 2023

With the increasing population and per capita demand for freshwater, the burden of natural resources has increased many folds. Indian agriculture is still largely dependent on conventional methods of crop production that are mainly inefficient. Water security is essential for social and economic development, having an indispensable role in enhancing health, well-being, and economic progress, particularly in a developing country like India. Water footprint (WF) is an important indicator that helps ascertain the direct and indirect use of water in any process. WF modeling in agriculture enables us to pinpoint the impacts and limitations of the current crop production system. Assessing vulnerabilities across various regions and time helps us prepare actions to improve water productivity and promote sustainable water use. There is considerable spatial variability in blue, green, and gray WF among the different states of India due to their varied climate, soil, and topographic characteristics. WF assessment is critical for developing water allocation strategies, planning water trade, making policies, and implementing remedial measures. This paper describes the significance of WF and its proper management for sustainable crop production in India.
Composición de la regeneración natural arbórea de un bosque de galería en el Estado de Goiás, Brasil
Authors: Imaña-Encinas José
Published: July 2023

Se analizó la vegetación natural de una hectárea en el bosque de galería del río de los Macacos localizado en el municipio de Santo Antônio do Descoberto en el estado de Goiás (Brasil). La hectárea analizada fue la suma de diez parcelas discontinuas de 1000 m2 cada una, establecidas al azar. En cada una de estas parcelas fueron registrados todos los individuos de regeneración natural arbórea con DAP (Diámetro a la Altura del Pecho, 1,30 m del suelo) menor o igual a 5 cm. En total fueron contabilizados 2361 individuos de regeneración arbórea de los cuales 448 presentaron un DAP máximo de 5 cm. Fueron identificadas 73 especies que correspondieron a 35 familias botánicas, entre ellas resalta la familia Fabaceae que reportó siete especies. Las especies que presentaron más de cien individuos fueron Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart. (210), Cheiloclinium cognatum (Miers) A.C. Sm. (114), Virola sebifera Aubl. (104) y Aspidosperma cylindrocarpon Müll. Arg. (100).
Motivações, recursos e demandas
Authors: Kerschbaumer Fernando Eduardo , Romani-Dias Marcello , Barbosa Aline dos Santos
Published: July 2023

Este artigo procurou investigar as escolhas e os desafios encontrados pelos estudantes internacionais brasileiros, objetivando demonstrar as avaliações do estudante internacional brasileiro sobre a internacionalização da carreira, a Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) e o orientador, no processo de internacionalização dos estudos. Este estudo qualitativo usa triangulação da literatura, com 23 entrevistas em profundidade, e mais de 500 postagens e 18 vídeos de mídias sociais. Os principais resultados encontrados são organizados na categoria de avaliações dos estudantes, indicando as motivações para o desenvolvimento de suas carreiras, o acesso a recursos para a internacionalização, dificuldades com orientadores, problemas com a adaptação e com demandas no contexto da universidade de destino, incluindo condições financeiras. Os estudantes internacionais são sensitivos e perceptivos, e compreender suas vozes permite direcionar as atividades de gerenciamento das IES, tanto nos países de destino, como nas IES de origem.
Recent Advances on PKM2 Inhibitors and Activators in Cancer
Applications
Authors: Chen Peng , Lou Liang , Sharma Bigyan , Li Mengchu , Xie Chengliang , Yang Fen , Wu Yihang , Xiao Qicai , Gao Liqian
Published: July 2023

Metabolic reprogramming of cells, from the normal mode of glucose
metabolism named glycolysis, is a pivotal characteristic of impending cancerous cells.
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), an important enzyme that catalyzes the final rate-limiting
stage during glycolysis, is highly expressed in numerous types of tumors and aids in development
of favorable conditions for the survival of tumor cells. Increasing evidence
has suggested that PKM2 is one of promising targets for innovative drug discovery, especially
for the developments of antitumor therapeutics. Herein, we systematically summarize
the recent advancement on PKM2 modulators including inhibitors and activators
in cancer applications. We also discussed the classifications of pyruvate kinases in mammals
and the biological functions of PKM2 in this review. We do hope that this review
would provide a comprehensive understanding of the current research on PKM2 modulators,
which may benefit the development of more potent PKM2-related drug candidates
to treat PKM2-associated diseases including cancers in future.
Titanium (IV) μ-Oxo Complex Supported by Phenoxyimine Ligand: Synthesis, Crystal Structure Characterisation, DFT and
Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Sajjan Vinodkumar P. , Gurubasavaraj Prabhuodeyara M. , Pujari Vikram , Inamdar Sanjeev R. , Mukerjee Nobendu
Published: July 2023

Background:

Most of the transition elements in the 3d series (first row transition metals) have
been discovered to be extremely significant and practical in biological systems. Naturally, many of the
enzymes that are present in the human body system act as catalysts for biological processes and are made
of coordination compounds or complexes.

Objective:

The complex has been characterised by various spectroscopic and analytic techniques. A suitable crystal analysed by X-ray diffraction establishes the formation of a stable binuclear µ-oxo-complex
with a hexacoordinate titanium centre.

Methods:

A new crystalline complex [Ti{La}] has been synthesised in the reaction of titanium butoxide
with a phenoxyimine ligand in a 1:1 stoichiometry in toluene at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. The newly synthesised Ti complex has undergone density functional theory and docking study.

Results:

The crystal shows a monoclinic system with space group C 1 2/c 1. X-ray crystal structure analysis reveals that this complex has a rhomboidal Ti-O-Ti core and exhibits a C2 symmetric conformation
with distorted octahedral geometry. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations giving insights into the
frontier orbitals and mulliken charge analysis, which showed good correlation with the experimental findings. Additionally, in silico molecular docking of ligand and complex was carried out against the HER2
inhibitor kinase.

Conclusion:

This complex exhibits a higher binding energy of ΔGb = -19.7 kcal/mol with the active
pocket of HER2 (PDB:7JXH) than the ligand ΔGb = -8.5 kcal/mol.
Identification of Cancer Stem Cell-related Gene by Single-cell and Machine
Learning Predicts Immune Status, Chemotherapy Drug, and Prognosis
in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Chengcheng , Zhang Jinna , Xie Jintao , Li Lu , Zhao Xinyu , Liu Jinshuang , Wang Xinyan
Published: July 2023

Aim:

This study aimed to identify the molecular type and prognostic model of lung adenocarcinoma
(LUAD) based on cancer stem cell-related genes. Studies have shown that cancer stem cells
(CSC) are involved in the development, recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance of tumors.

Method:

The clinical information and RNA-seq of LUAD were obtained from the TCGA database.
scRNA dataset GSE131907 and 5 GSE datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. Molecular
subtypes were identified by ConsensusClusterPlus. A CSC-related prognostic signature was then constructed
via univariate Cox and LASSO Cox-regression analysis.

Result:

A scRNA-seq GSE131907 dataset was employed to obtain 11 cell clusters, among which, 173
differentially expressed genes in CSC were identified. Moreover, the CSC score and mRNAsi were higher
in tumor samples. 18 of 173 genes were survival time-associated genes in both the TCGA-LUDA dataset
and the GSE dataset. Next, two molecular subtypes (namely, CSC1 and CSC2) were identified based on
18 survival-related CSC genes with distinct immune profiles and noticeably different prognoses as well as
differences in the sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs. 8 genes were used to build a prognostic model in the
TCGA-LUAD dataset. High-risk patients faced worse survival than those with a low risk. The robust
predictive ability of the risk score was validated by the time-dependent ROC curve revealed as well as the
GSE dataset. TIDE analysis showed a higher sensitivity of patients in the low group to immunotherapy.

Conclusion:

This study has revealed the effect of CSC on the heterogeneity of LUAD, and created an 8
genes prognosis model that can be potentially valuable for predicting the prognosis of LUAD and response
to immunotherapy.
The Impact of COVID-19 Confinement on Reading Behavior
Authors: Alomari Mahmoud A. , Khabour Omar F. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Aburub Aseel
Published: July 2023

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic was detrimental to lifestyle and behavior. In this investigation, changes in reading habits during the pandemic were examined.

Methods:

The study is cross-sectional and survey-based. 1844 individuals completed an online survey about sociodemographic and reading habits during COVID-19. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between the study variables.

Results:

Most of the participants were active readers (71.5%-83.2%). Fewer (13.8-18.0%) reported a decrease in reading, while about half reported a no change, and 1/3rd reported an increase. Changes in reading habits were related to age, education, job type, and income.

Conclusion:

About half of the participants during the pandemic reported a change in reading habits. Interventions to further enhance reading among people during the pandemic might help ameliorate the negative impacts of the pandemic.
Safety and Efficacy of Imatinib, Nilotinib, and Artesunate in COVID-19
Patients: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence
Authors: Ghavimehr Ehsan , Zand Ali , SeyedAlinaghi Seyed Ahmad , Karimi Amirali , Zaferani Arani Hamid , Mirzapour Pegah , Pashaei Zahra , Mehraeen Esmaeil , Dadras Omid
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

There is a need for better treatment options against COVID-19. This systematic review aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of imatinib and nilotinib, two tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), as well as artesunate (an anti-malarial agent), whose multilayer activ-ities against SARS, MERS, and SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis have been suggested in laboratory and observational studies.

Methods:

A comprehensive search strategy targeting relevant literature on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science online databases was constructed. The retrieved records were reviewed and screened by title/abstract and full text with eligibility criteria, and the most pertinent articles were included in the final qualitative synthesis. This review adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to ensure the reliability of the results.

Results:

This systematic review assessed the safety and applicability of imatinib, nilotinib, and artesunate in COVID-19 patients. The results showed not only possible anti-COVID-19 effects but also acceptable safety for both generic users with comorbidities with COVID-19 and off-label use in other COVID-19 patients. Promising results were also reported enhancing the sur-vival of COVID-19 patients.

Conclusion:

A double-blinded multicenter randomized controlled trial found survival benefits for imatinib with no significant treatment-related adverse events. However, no clinical trials or large observational studies exist for artesunate and nilotinib, and the evidence relies only on case reports and case series. Molecular mechanisms revealed in preclinical studies support the possible benefits of these medications in COVID-19 treatment. However, the scarcity of reliable evidence requires further studies on possible COVID-19 treatments, including but not limited to artesunate, nilotinib, and imatinib. Nevertheless, these drugs' lack of serious adverse events suggests their safe use for other indications during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Maternal Factors and the Placenta: A Programming Environment for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Whitney Ching Wai Lok , Day-Walsh Priscilla , Sferruzzi-Perri Amanda
Published: July 2023

The risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD) during
postnatal life is not only determined by environmental factors in adulthood but also by
intra-uterine and early life environment according to the Developmental Origins of
Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept. Environmental insults including poor nutrition,
oxygen availability, maternal stress, alcohol, smoking and drugs, can compromise the
maternal uterine and lactational environment leading to short- and long-term
adaptations in offspring physiology or programming. While short-term predictive
adaptive responses may offer immediate survival value, they can lead to irreversible
changes in embryonic/fetal tissues and organs mediated through changes in cellular
signalling and metabolic pathways, as well as endocrine axes governing whole-body
function. The capacity for developmental adaptation may also be determined by both
genetic susceptibility and epigenetic mechanisms, as well as environmentally induced
changes in maternal microbiome structure and composition. Basic mechanisms
involved in the development of CVD have been described in previous chapters. Here
we will focus on how mechanisms involved in developmental programming may
contribute to CVD in adulthood.
Analyzing the behavior toward Tempeh waste management at the home-scale industry level in Tempeh Village Sukomanunggal Surabaya
Authors: Eko Nurseto Hardian , Ainul Fahmi Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Tempeh is a daily food, especially for Indonesians. Many people consume it as a source of protein for their staple food. However, people rarely know how Tempeh is produced in Indonesia. Most Tempeh is made by the home-scale industry, which still lacks in environmental awareness. Therefore, many Tempeh industries still directly dispose of their waste, causing environmental pollution in neighborhood areas. This study aimed to analyze the behaviors of the owners of the Tempeh industry concerning waste disposal or treatment. The respondents in this study were the owners of the home-scale Tempeh industry located in Tempeh Village Sukomanunggal Surabaya City. The collected data were processed using the structural equation model partial least square (SEM PLS) to determine the factors influencing the behavior toward waste disposal or waste treatment. The results showed various factors affecting the owners in disposing or treating waste from Tempeh production. These were Attitude Toward Behavior (ATB), Subjective Norm (SN), Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), Environmental Awareness (EA), Government Intervention (GI), and Knowledge (KN), which affect the Intention to Manage Tempeh Waste Generation (IMTWP). The findings confirmed that the goal to treat Tempeh waste enhances the owners’ behaviors to manage the disposal or treatment of the waste from Tempeh Village in Sukomanunggal - Surabaya.
Review of types of biomass as a fuel-combustion feedstock and their characteristics
Authors: Adi Sasongko Nugroho , Gunadi Putra Nurjaman , Donna Wardani Maya Larasati
Published: July 2023

Biomass is organic matter produced through photosynthetic techniques, each within the form of products and waste. Biomass energy sources have several benefits; amongst others, renewable power to provide sustainable energy sources. Biomass resources are all organic materials that can be renewed, including plants and trees specifically for that energy, food crops, agricultural waste, forestry waste and waste, aquatic plants, animal waste, urban waste, and other waste materials. Improvements in agriculture will lead to increased biomass yields, reduced processing charges, and stepped forward environmental best. Biomass material handling systems constitute a considerable share of investment capital and operating costs in bioenergy conversion facilities. The future improvement of biomass utilization for electricity is collectively burning biomass in current coal boilers and introducing high-efficiency blended-cycle gasification systems, mobile gasoline systems, and modular systems. The use of biomass as gas is more environmentally friendly than fossil fuels. Some types of biomass can be used as a fuel with certain characteristics, such as rice husks and sawdust which will be reviewed in this review. Biomass, as a substitute for coal used as fuel for power plants, has almost similar specifications to coal. Where the value of HHV coal is 5217 kcal/kg (adb) while rice husk, teak sawdust, and Ironwood sawdust have HHV values respectively 3380 kcal/kg (adb), 4460 kcal/kg (adb), and 4465 kcal / kg (adb). Other tests conducted are volatile content, fixed carbon, moisture, and dust content.
Motherhood as resistance in the bio-performance Analfabeta, an Interdisciplinary dialogue between Biology and Performance
Authors: Bronfman Paulina , Zúñiga-Feest Alejandra
Published: July 2023

Interdisciplinary dialogue acts as a symbiosis for all the areas that participate and imply enormous projections for both art and science. This paper explores the potential of an interdisciplinary dialogue between Biology and Performance using as a case study the Performance Analfabeta created by the artist Paulina Bronfman. The work was shaped in the context of The Third Conference of the Nucleus of Artistic Research (NIA) of In/Inter/Disciplinary Laboratories hosted by the Faculty of Art of The Pontificia University of Chile (LAB IID). The Lab was led by Chilean biologist Alejandra Zuñiga-Feest and the Brazilian artist Adriana Parente La Selva.  This work aims to explore the questions: what does it mean, from the point of view of the arts and sciences, to develop an interdisciplinary laboratory? How is this done? This paper problematizes the creative process of collaboration between sciences and performance as well as the potential impact and link with society that this multidisciplinary dialogue can have.@font-face{font-family:"Cambria Math";panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:0;mso-generic-font-family:roman;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal{mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-parent:"";margin:0cm;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;}.MsoChpDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;mso-default-props:yes;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;}div.WordSection1{page:WordSection1;}
A Free Man in Search of the Truth about Himself. An Attempt at a Moral-Theological Rein-terpretation of Sophocles’ “Oedipus The King”
Authors: Kuciński Andrzej Dominik
Published: July 2023

Sophocles’ “Oedipus the King” is one of the oldest and most famous tragedies that belong to the common patrimony of humanity. It raises issues to which each generation must find its own answer. Some of these issues become particularly relevant at moments when the foundations of common anthropological concepts are shaken, as they are at the present time. The reference to pre-Christian literary works can be a starting point for a dialogue with those who do not share the Christian worldview but are open to an exchange of reflections about man. In this article the author, starting from the specifics of the adaptation of the myth in the  Sophocles’ edition, through an outline of the wealth of interpretations of his tragedy through the centuries, arrives at a proposal for the moral-theological reinterpretation of this work in today’s world with the help of two examples: the question of the origin of the person in the context of parenthood and moral responsibility in a world dominated by individualism and a weakened belief in actual human freedom.
Domestic Violence as a Phenomenon which Affects Family Safety
Authors: Mikołajczyk Zbigniew Kazimierz
Published: July 2023

Family security depends on many factors, e.g., economic, political and social. Negative social phenomena, including crime, have a significant impact on the sense of security. Crime is understood as the number of prohibited acts committed in a given area and in a given time unit. Among its various types, we distinguish crime related to the functioning of the family. This study shows the scale of domestic violence in our country in recent years. The analysis concerns numerical data on the “Blue Card” procedure collected in the police database.
Youth in the Society During the Pandemic. Subjective Evaluation of the Pandemic and Its Objective Consequences for Students in the Remote Teaching Process
Authors: Leszczyński Karol
Published: July 2023

The article discusses problems related to the educational crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The crisis hit the whole society, but it especially affected disadvantaged groups by increasing the existing social inequalities. The article, moreover, analyses factors influencing various ways of experiencing the pandemic and its effects by particular groups of students, as this age group was most severely affected by the pandemic. Contrary to adults, almost all students were transferred to the remote education for a prolonged period of time. This article presents first of all a subjective assessment of the period of remote education made by students, their understanding of the situation, how they assessed teachers, parents and their colleagues. Next, the article points to both the protective and risk factors related to experiencing crises, especially in the context of family and religiousness. Finally, the article illustrates how the pandemic deepened the existing social problems rather than created new ones, primarily affecting the most vulnerable groups.
Przykład wykorzystania koncepcji przebiegu procesów trajektoryjnych Fritza Schützego w badaniach biograficznych młodych dorosłych
Authors: Rumianowska Agnieszka
Published: July 2023

W artykule przeanalizowano biografię dwudziestotrzyletniego mężczyzny, który swoją narrację skonstruował w planie trajektorii cierpienia, tj. doświadczenia wymykającego się próbom kontrolowania zewnętrznych okoliczności. W pierwszej części artykułu opisano założenia metodologiczne badań, omawiając metodę badań biograficznych i technikę wywiadu narracyjnego. W drugiej części tekstu analizie poddano zapis biografii uzyskanej w wyniku przeprowadzonego wywiadu narracyjnego, prezentując możliwości wykorzystania w badaniach empirycznych koncepcji przebiegu trajektorii cierpienia opracowanej przez Fritza Schützego.
Ola Invernal :tecnologías para recuperar el sector agropecuario. Renovación de praderas degradadas en sistemas de producción lechera del trópico alto colombiano
Authors: Londoño Vélez Carlos Enrique , Castillo Sierra Javier , Benavides Juan Carlos , Torres Cuesta Daniel Ricardo , Albarracín Arias Luis Orlando , Sánchez Matta Leonardo
Published: July 2023

La productividad de los bovinos en el trópico está determinada por la cantidad y calidad de nutrientes aportados por las especies forrajeras existentes en las praderas; sin embargo, la mayor parte de estas especies presenta una baja eficiencia productiva, con evidentes signos de degradación del suelo, generalmente relacionada con el manejo inapropiado de prácticas culturales, tanto en la fase de establecimiento, como en la fase productiva, presentando lo que genera impactos negativos sobre la eficiencia biológica y económica de las empresas ganaderas.
Supporting Vulnerable Older Adults With Telehealth Through Wellness Calls and Tablet Distribution During COVID-19: Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Tewary Sweta , Cook Nicole , Dezine Marie , Shnayder Oksana , Pandya Naushira
Published: July 2023

Background

Loneliness, social isolation, and lack of technical literacy are associated with poorer health outcomes. To help improve social connection during the COVID-19 pandemic, Nova Southeastern University’s South Florida Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program partnered with a community-based organization to provide educational resources to promote telehealth services.

Objective

This study aimed to provide educational resources to older adults with limited resources and promote the use of telehealth services in this population.

Methods

Through this pilot project, we contacted 66 vulnerable older adults who expressed interest in telehealth support through wellness calls, with 44 participants moving on to participate in tablet usage. All tablets were preloaded with educational information on using the device, COVID-19 resources, and accessing telehealth services for patients, caregivers, and families.

Results

Feedback from wellness assessments suggested a significant need for telehealth support. Participants used the tablets mainly for telehealth (n=6, 15%), to connect with friends and family (n=10, 26%), and to connect with faith communities (n=3, 8%).

Conclusions

The findings from the pilot project suggest that wellness calls and telehealth education are beneficial to support telehealth usage among older adults.
Implementation of Machine Learning Applications in Health Care Organizations: Protocol for a Systematic Review of Empirical Studies
Authors: Ardito Vittoria , Cappellaro Giulia , Compagni Amelia , Petracca Francesco , Preti Luigi Maria
Published: July 2023

Background

An increasing interest in machine learning (ML) has been observed among scholars and health care professionals. However, while ML-based applications have been shown to be effective and have the potential to change the delivery of patient care, their implementation in health care organizations is complex. There are several challenges that currently hamper the uptake of ML in daily practice, and there is currently limited knowledge on how these challenges have been addressed in empirical studies on implemented ML-based applications.

Objective

The aim of this systematic literature review is twofold: (1) to map the ML-based applications implemented in health care organizations, with a focus on investigating the organizational dimensions that are relevant in the implementation process; and (2) to analyze the processes and strategies adopted to foster a successful uptake of ML.

Methods

We developed this protocol following the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) guidelines. The search was conducted on 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science), considering a 10-year time frame (2013-2023). The search strategy was built around 4 blocks of keywords (artificial intelligence, implementation, health care, and study type). Based on the detailed inclusion criteria defined, only empirical studies documenting the implementation of ML-based applications used by health care professionals in clinical settings will be considered. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews).

Results

The review is ongoing and is expected to be completed by September 2023. Data analysis is currently underway, and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in November 2023. The study was funded by the European Union within the Multilayered Urban Sustainability Action (MUSA) project.

Conclusions

ML-based applications involving clinical decision support and automation of clinical tasks present unique traits that add several layers of complexity compared with earlier health technologies. Our review aims at contributing to the existing literature by investigating the implementation of ML from an organizational perspective and by systematizing a conspicuous amount of information on factors influencing implementation.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/47971
Exploring the Potential of an Eye Tissue Donor Reporting App in Enhancing the Procurement of Corneal Donors: Mixed Methods Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Szkodny Dominika , Wróblewska-Czajka Ewa , Stryja Mikołaj , Gara Filip , Wylęgała Edward
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

The availability of donated eye tissue saves and enhances vision in transplant recipients; however, the current demand for tissue surpasses the available supply. Corneal donor shortages lead to increased wait times, delayed surgeries, prolonged visual impairment, and increased inconvenience to patients requiring eye tissue transplantation. A web-based application was previously developed to facilitate easy and intuitive submission of potential donor information.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objectives of this study were to assess health care professionals’ attitudes toward the potential application and evaluate its effectiveness based on user feedback and donor registrations through the application.

METHODS

Researchers used a mixed methods approach, commencing with a literature review to identify challenges associated with donor procurement. Stakeholder interviews were conducted to gauge health care professionals’ perspectives regarding the application. User feedback was collected through questionnaires, surveys, and interviews to assess the application’s usability and impact. An assessment of the reported potential donors and questionnaire responses were analyzed.

RESULTS

The final version of the application successfully reported 24 real cornea donors. Among 64 health care providers who used the application to communicate about potential donors, 32 of them submitted trial entries exclusively for testing purposes. The remaining 8 health care professionals reported potential donors; however, these individuals did not meet the donor qualification criteria. The majority of participants found the application user-friendly and expressed their readiness to use it in the future. Positive ratings were assigned to the layout, appearance, purpose, and specific features of the application. Respondents highlighted the automatic sending of notifications via SMS text messages and the integration of all necessary documents for donor qualification and tissue collection as the most valuable functions of the application.

CONCLUSIONS

The study indicates that donor reporting applications offer promising solutions to enhance tissue donor procurement. This application streamlined the reporting process, reduced paperwork, facilitated communication, and collected valuable data for analysis.
The Finnegan score for neonatal opioid withdrawal revisited by routine electronic data: a retrospective study (Preprint)
Authors: Rech Till , Rubarth Kerstin , Bührer Christoph , Balzer Felix , Dame Christof
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

The severity of the neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) may be assessed by the Finnegan score (FS). Since the FS is laborious and subjective, alternative ways of assessment may improve quality of care.

OBJECTIVE

In this pilot study, we examined associations between the FS and routine monitoring data obtained from the electronic health record system.

METHODS

he study included 193 neonates with NAS after intrauterine (n=16) or postnatal opioid exposure (n=177). Routine monitoring data were analyzed at 60 ± 10 min (t–1) and 120 ± 10 min (t–2) before each FS assessment. Within each time period, the mean for each variable was calculated. Readings were also normalized to individual baseline data calculated per patient and parameter. Mixed effects models were applied to assess the effect of the different variables.

RESULTS

Plots of vital parameters against the FS showed heavily scattered data. When controlling for several variables, the best-performing mixed effects model displayed significant effects of individual baseline-controlled mean heart rate (estimate: 0.04; 95%-CI 0.02-0.07) and arterial blood pressure (estimate: 0.06; 95%-CI 0.02-0.09) at t–1 with R2m = 0.11 as goodness of fit.

CONCLUSIONS

Routine electronic data can be extracted and analyzed for correlation with FS data. Mixed effects models show small but significant effects after normalizing vital parameters to individual baselines.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A. The institutional review board of the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin approved the study (EA2/104/21).
Some People Now Wear Masks: Is It the Outcome of Lockdown-laws or Individual’s Psychological Influence Being Safe: A Cross-examination Under Demand and Supply Model?
Authors: Rahman, Ph.D. (OSU, USA) Akim M.
Published: July 2023

Human psychology influences individuals’ decisions where many factors can be used exploiting it. But this approach was missing in tackling the COVID-19-crisis while it was spreading globally. Most countries like Bangladesh were not prepared addressing it. They started with traditional approaches explicitly lockdown, shutdown-crowded-spots, and imposed-mandatory wearing-mask outside-home. However, a sizable population-percentage country-wise had ignored the restrictions. During the second wave of the crisis, no-mask-no-service was in practice. It was effective in most cases. However, no effort was given to convince people, making them understand and then make appeal for peoples’ actions. Today there is no lockdown or restriction. But a small population-percentage wear masks, which has been growing. This dichotomy result raises the question: Is it the outcome of individual’s psychological influence being safe? This study uses demand and supply model and concludes that perceived risk-factors, being observers or heard about the consequences, media-messages, and feelings of responsibility & safety out of self-consciousness etc. play significant roles in today’s scenario. Since most people are risk-averse, utility analysis of the factor(s) of psychology-influences such as individual’s understanding about severity, knowledge etc. are dominating today’s scenario where expected utility leads the mask-wearing-trends. Thus, the policy-proposal ratifies that use the techniques of convincing over command & control could have undercut the death-numbers during severity-period. Welfare analysis of the policy-proposal can lead for future study on today’s scenario.
PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY: A STRATEGY FOR TREATING CHRONOTHERAPEUTIC AILMENTS
Authors: J. GOMATHI , B. VEERALAKSHMI , M. F. FARZANA AFFRIN
Published: July 2023

Modern drug delivery systems have been promoted to a unique notion of chronopharmacology, i.e., the ability to provide the medicament to a patient in a staggered profile, as the discipline of chronobiology has advanced. The main disadvantage of developing such a delivery system that fits the circadian cycle is the lack of accurate technology (Pulsatile drug delivery system, PDDS). Pulsatile devices are gaining popularity because they deliver the medicine to the correct region of action at the correct time, allowing for spatial and temporal dosing and compliance among patients. These technologies are meant to work with the body's natural circadian cycle. The circadian rhythm affects various biological systems in humans, including metabolism, physiology, behaviour, sleep patterns, hormone synthesis, and so on. This article addresses several methods, such as osmotic systems, capsular systems, single and multiple-unit programable devices that rely on soluble or erodible polymer coatings, and the usage of rupturable membranes. The present review covered the rationale for the creation of pulsatile drug delivery systems, benefits, limitations the types of diseases that require pulsatile release, categorization, and assessments of pulsatile system of drug delivery.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF COMPARISION OF HORMONAL V/S NON-HORMONAL TREATMENT IN ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING
Authors: SONAM  , MAHESWARI SUNITA , SHARMA RAJRANJ , GILL GURKIRAN
Published: July 2023

Objective: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is a common problem among women in the reproductive age group. It can be characterized by variations in duration, frequency, regularity of menses, or volume of menstrual blood loss. AUB can have a significant impact on quality of life, causing pain, discomfort, social embarrassment, and loss of productivity. It may require surgical interventions, including hysterectomy. Hormonal and non-hormonal treatments are available options for managing AUB.

Methods: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of hormonal and non-hormonal treatments in abnormal uterine bleeding. The research question addressed in this study was: "Which treatment is better, hormonal or non-hormonal, in abnormal uterine bleeding?"

Results: The study findings provided insights into the comparative efficacy of hormonal and non-hormonal treatment options for abnormal uterine bleeding. The results contributed to understanding the optimal approach for managing this condition and improving patient outcomes.

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, conclusions can be drawn regarding the superiority of either hormonal or non-hormonal treatment in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding. The findings will help guide healthcare professionals in selecting appropriate treatment options for their patients.