bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Nitrate Reductase and Nitrite Reductase in NaCl Tolerance in Eelgrass (Zostera marina L.)
Authors: Lv Xinfang , Wang Xinlei , Pan Jie , Deng Wenhao , Li Yuchun
Published: April 2022

Nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR) play important roles in nitrate assimilation in plants. Previous studies have indicated that NR and NiR in eelgrass may contribute to its NaCl tolerance. This study investigated the expression characteristics and the biological functions of NR and NiR in eelgrass (Zostera marina), named as ZmNR and ZmNiR, were cloned, characterised and overexpressed in both bacteria and tobacco. The open reading frames of ZmNR and ZmNiR contain 2628 and 1773 nucleotides that encode 875 and 590 amino acids respectively. Amino acid sequence alignment indicated that the purported ZmNR and ZmNiR proteins presented low homology with other plant NR and NiR sequences. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that the expression of ZmNR and ZmNiR was supressed when exposed to low salinity and induced by high salinity. Further physiological analyses demonstrated that blocking nitrate assimilation by adding Na2WO4 in eelgrass reduced its tolerance to NaCl stress. The heterologous expression of the ZmNR and ZmNiR genes in Escherichia coli and Nicotiana benthamiana could confer tolerance to NaCl stress. Physiological and growth analyses suggested that ZmNR and ZmNiR in plants could resist NaCl stress by regulating various physiological pathways and biochemical processes triggered by nitric oxide (NO). Taken together, these results suggested that NR-dependent NO synthesis may play an important role in NaCl tolerance in eelgrass.
Digital twin technology — awareness, implementation problems and benefits
Authors: Gulewicz Małgorzata
Published: April 2022

Aiming to ensure current market needs, manufacturing companies search for tools and methodologies that would help them deliver their products efficiently and cost-effectively and enable them to become a part of Industry 4.0. Digital twins are a technology created based on the idea of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The solution helps recreate physical devices in virtual space based on gathered data. It supports performance tests, configuration changes, and predictive maintenance without engaging existing machines. The paper aims to gain knowledge about the awareness level of the digital twin technology among industry representatives and identify the most important problems that stand in the way of implementing the technology in enterprises. The research focused on market awareness of the described technology. It also examined how companies use employee suggestions to improve their organisations and the factors that influence process efficiency. The methods used for the research were a literature review and cross-sectional survey conducted with 50 employees of manufacturing and IT companies. The research showed the need to implement digital twins in enterprises. Half of the survey respondents replied that the technology would help improve the efficiency of the company’s processes. The main benefit of the conducted research is identified awareness of the technology among industry representatives. In the future, the research will be extended to include the analysis of specific cases affecting the implementation of digital twins in enterprises.
Antioxidative Effects of Rosuvastatin in Low-to-Moderate Cardiovascular Risk Subjects
Authors: Vavlukis Ana , Vavlukis Marija , Mladenovska Kristina , Dimovski Aleksandar , Muñoz-García Natàlia , de Santisteban Villaplana Victoria , Padro Teresa , Badimon Lina
Published: April 2022

Background: Although vast clinical evidence supports the oxidative CVD hypothesis, little is known on the effects of statins on LDL/HDL oxidative functionality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative effects of rosuvastatin by monitoring the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation and the antioxidative HDL potential in low-to-moderate CV risk subjects.

Methods: 40 adult ambulatory patients (aged 53.8±10.9 years, 27 women and 13 men) were included in the study. Data was collected from patients’ records, physical examination, and blood sampling. Subjects were prescribed rosuvastatin at 20mg/day. Traditional risk-factors/indicators, lipid parameters, inflammatory/immune markers, LDL susceptibility to oxidation and HDL antioxidative potential were monitored and statistically analyzed with t-test, Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were made. Results were considered significant when p≤0.05.

Results: 67% of the patients showed lower susceptibility of LDL to oxidation after rosuvastatin treatment (p=0.03), with no significant effect on baseline LDL oxidation and lag time. All three LDL oxidative indices were seen to be dependent on the subjects’ lipid profile, hemoglobin levels and the IL-1α and IL-8 pro-inflammatory marker levels. 53% of the patients showed higher HDL antioxidative capacity after treatment, but without statistical significance (p=0.07). Increased antioxidative potential of HDL with rosuvastatin treatment was more likely in males (OR=9.350; p=0.010), and subjects achieving lower post-treatment CV relative risk levels (higher CV risk reduction) (OR=0.338; p=0.027).

Conclusions: This study suggests the need of a comprehensive approach when investigating oxidative stress and LDL/HDL functions, especially in low-to-moderate CVD risk subjects.
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) in Term and Preterm Infants
Authors: Ristovska Sanja , Stomnaroska Orhideja , Danilovski Dragan
Published: April 2022

Hypoxic-ischemic syndrome (HIS) and Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are conditions that affect term and premature babies, with different pathophysiology and different brain disorders. HIE appears in 1-6 / 1000 live births and 26/1000 live births in developing countries. 15-20% die in the early neonatal period, while surviving babies have severe neurological impairment, including cerebral palsy, epilepsy, visual and hearing impairment, cognitive impairment, intellectual, behavioural, and social disorders. The hypoxic-ischemic event occurs before, during or after birth. The reasons may be related to the mother, the way of birth, the placenta, and the newborn. The criteria for diagnosis of HIE include a combination of perinatal factors, the need for resuscitation, standard neurological examinations, neurophysiological monitoring, neuroimaging methods and biochemical markers. The most effective treatment for HIE is hypothermia in combination with pharmacological therapy. HIE and HIS are problem that still persist in developing countries due to inadequate obstetric care, neonatal resuscitation, and hypothermia. Current and emerging research for HIE examines new markers for early recognition, treatment, and appropriate neuroprotection of high-risk term and premature infants.
Perubahan Bunyi Bahasa Indonesia dalam Pemerolehan Bahasa pada Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun di Desa Jagaraga, Kecamatan Kuripan, Kabupaten Lombok Barat: Kajian Psikolinguistik
Authors: . Harani , Suparwa I Nyoman , Teguh I Wayan
Published: April 2022

This study entitled "Changes in Indonesian Language Sounds in Language Acquisition in Children Age 3-4 Years, in Jagaraga Village, Kuripan District, West Lombok Regency: A Psycholinguistic Study" which discusses changes in sounds that occur in the speech of children aged 3-4 years and the cause of the change in sound. In this study, researchers focused more on children who use Indonesian as their first language or mother tongue. Children's language development starts from the family and largely depends on the attention of parents and those around them. Language acquisition is associated with mastering a language without being based directly, that is, without going through formal education to teach it. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method, because the data studied are in the form of words not numbers, namely the observation/interview method with qualitative analysis techniques and the presentation of the results of data analysis is carried out using formal and informal methods (Sudaryanto, 2014: 214).The results of this study indicate that the types of sound changes found in the speech of children aged 3-4 years are assimilation, vocal modification, neutralization and zeronization and anaptiksis. Sounds that experience changes in the speech of children aged 3-4 years are dominated by sound [r] and sound [s]. This is because the growth of the articulatory organ in children is not perfect, causing children to have difficulty pronouncing sounds. This case is often referred to as lisp, which is a condition where a person has difficulty pronouncing certain letters or words correctly (Halodoc, 2018). There are internal factors and external factors that influence the cause of sound changes in children aged 3-4 years.
Миграция налогоплательщиков в территории с особым экономическим статусом Дальнего Востока
Authors: Синенко Ольга
Published: April 2022

Цель исследования – выявление компаний-резидентов с признаками налоговой миграции. В работе проведен анализ теоретических предпосылок обоснования миграции налогоплательщиков и исследование масштабов применения налоговой миграции в рамках льготных налоговых условий территорий опережающего социально-экономического развития Дальнего Востока. Базовыми методами исследования явились контент-анализ, сравнительный анализ и синтез. По открытым информационным ресурсам проведен сравнительный анализ компаний–резидентов и выявлены резиденты территорий с особым экономическим статусом Дальнего Востока с признаками миграции налогоплательщиков. Ключевые слова: миграция налогоплательщиков, территории опережающего социально-экономического развития, свободный порт Владивосток, Дальний Восток, налоговые риски, налоговые льготы
Перспективы направления развития внутрирегионального пассажирского железнодорожного сообщения по южной группе районов Красноярского края и Республики Хакасия
Authors: Швалов Павел
Published: April 2022

Формирование системы общественного транспорта является одним из важных факторов регионального развития в Сибирском и Дальневосточном федеральных округах. Необходимость повышения экономической эффективности перевозок, с одной стороны, сопряженная с потребностью увеличения социальной дистанции между пассажирами влечет за собой необходимость использования пассажирских транспортных средств большей вместимости. Целью исследования является определение перспективных направлений развития железнодорожного пассажирского сообщения в Енисейской Сибири. Результатом исследования является обоснование потребности в дальнейшем развитии данного вида транспорта в качестве фактора социально-экономического развития региона. Ключевые слова: пассажирское железнодорожное сообщение, перспективы развития железнодорожного сообщения, Красноярский край, Республика Хакасия
Влияние технологий анализа данных на финансовые результаты компании (на примере энергетических компаний)
Authors: Петрова Арина , Смирнов Валерий
Published: April 2022

Объем данных в каждой сфере жизни человечества постоянно растет, отсюда очевидно, что они требуют грамотного управления. Учитывая этот факт, высокоинновационные компании начали внедрять технологии и инструменты анализа данных в свои операционные процессы. Однако некоторые отрасли подвержены множеству ограничений в силу своей специфики. Одним из таких примеров является отрасль энергетики в России. Этот сектор выглядит достаточно консервативным и закрытым для применения аналитики. В статье основное внимание уделяется исследованию барьеров, препятствующих внедрению технологий. Посредством построения однокомпонентной эконометрической модели определено влияние инструментов анализа данных на чистую прибыль. Цель состояла в том, чтобы выяснить, существует ли статистически значимая связь между чистой прибылью компании, производящей энергию, и четырьмя элементами анализа данных. Основные выводы, полученные в ходе исследования, показывают, что применение инструментов анализа данных опосредованно влияет на чистую прибыль. Однако в будущем зависимость между ними может усилиться, так как в последние два года наметилась повышательная тенденция к этому. Ключевые слова: энергетика, эконометрическая модель, анализ данных, существенный уровень взаимосвязи, ограничения сектора, крупнейшие генерирующие компании России, значимость нулевой гипотезы
Переработка отходов пищевых производств с целью создания биоразлагаемой упаковки
Authors: Майорова Яна , Воронина Марианна
Published: April 2022

В статье представлена разработка разработка биоразлагаемого аналога полимерного пакета из отходов пищевых производств, который направлен на снижение загрязнения окружающей среды. В качестве такого отхода выступила пивная дробина, объем которой на пивоваренных заводах ежегодно составляет около 14 млн тонн, что делает данное сырье доступным. Вторым основным компонентом биоразлагаемой упаковки выступал картофельный крахмал, который также считается легкодоступным сырьем. Для образования устойчивого сетчатого каркаса было решено добавить жировой продукт (глицерин) и органическую кислоту (уксусную). Проводилось исследование моделирования процессов взаимодействия упаковки с продуктами питания с высокой влажностью. Готовые пласты исследовались на содержание сухих веществ в растворе рефрактометрическим методом, проводилось исследование степени набухаемости образцов. Ключевые слова: биоразлагаемая упаковка, пивная дробина, крахмал, пластик, биополимеры, отходы пищевого производства
Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) in Bedside Diagnosis of Pyomyositis
Authors: Oduyoye Olusegun , Thomas Euan
Published: April 2022

A 43 year old man with a history of IV drug use, and presenting with three days of painful and swollen left calf, was referred to exclude deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Ultrasound showed no evidence of DVT. An area of localised warm, erythematous, which was disproportionately tender, prompted a point of care ultrasound (POCUS) assessment. POCUS confirmed a hypoechoic area in the underlying tissue, likely representing a collection because of no recent trauma. It led to prompt antibiotic therapy for the treatment of his pyomyositis. The patient surgical team reviewed the patient and recommended a conservative approach with a satisfactory clinical outcome that led to a safe discharge. Overall, this case demonstrates the versatility of POCUS as an efficient diagnostic tool in the acute setting, and it also helped to differentiate cellulitis from pyomyositis.
The Beauty of Sound Waves
Authors: Ho Ai Phi Thuy
Published: April 2022

“The Beauty of Sound Waves” is an artwork representing the anatomy of various organs in the human body that can be detected by ultrasound, either as normal findings or pathology.
Sonographic Crepitus, a Point-of-Care Ultrasound Finding
Authors: Kohen Brian , Halperin Michael , Felix Gloria , Dixon Trevor , Montenegro Michelle , Patel Fenil
Published: April 2022

Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening polymicrobial skin and soft tissue infection that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Delays in diagnosis and treatment can result in an increase in morbidity and mortality [1]. Necrotizing fasciitis has historically been a clinical diagnosis. Patients with a high clinical suspicion for necrotizing fasciitis generally receive antibiotics and undergo emergent surgical debridement. In some cases, necrotizing fasciitis may be clinically difficult to differentiate from other skin and soft tissue infections such as severe cellulitis and abscesses. In such cases, POCUS may assist in diagnosis and has been shown to have a positive impact in expediting care [2,3]. Below, we describe a unique sonographic finding in a patient diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis.
Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Physicians in Practice – A Training Model for Specialty Specific and Clinically Relevant Skill Development
Authors: McLean Lianne , Lewiss Resa E
Published: April 2022

Point-of-care Ultrasound (POCUS) skills are required competencies for emergency medicine and paediatric emergency medicine training [1,2,3,4]. Over time, more specialties will require these skills of their graduates. Experienced physicians who completed their training before POCUS requirements may ask: How can I gain POCUS skills training and competency? In this perspective piece we describe in-person and asynchronous training programs available to these clinicians in practice. We highlight these programs due to their person-centred design: they maximise the needs of the learner, provide personalised education, and expose them to respected and established POCUS faculty and training centers.
Can Medical Students Learn and Perform POCUS in the Pediatric Emergency Department? Implementation of a Short Curriculum
Authors: Cooper Michael C. , Jones Jodi , Pascual Mandy , Field Steven , Rendon Juan M. , Kulstad Christine , Dixon Bryant , Pham Tu Kristie , Narayan Aman , Pyle Hunter , Hoang Khiem , Han Anthony , Bahga Dalbir , Pandey Aman , Roppolo Lynn
Published: April 2022

Purpose: To determine medical student ability to accurately obtain and interpret POCUS exams of varying difficulty in the pediatric population after a short didactic and hands-on POCUS course.  Methods: Five medical students were trained in four POCUS applications (bladder volume, long bone for fracture, limited cardiac for left ventricular function, & inferior vena cava collapsibility) and enrolled pediatric ED patients. Ultrasound-fellowship-trained emergency medicine physicians reviewed each scan for image quality and interpretation accuracy using the American College of Emergency Physicians’ quality assessment scale. We report acceptable scan frequency and medical student vs. Ultrasound-fellowship-trained emergency medicine physician interpretation agreement with 95% confidence intervals (CI).  Results: Ultrasound-fellowship-trained emergency medicine physicians graded 51/53 bladder volume scans as acceptable (96.2%; 95% CI 87.3-99.0%) and agreed with 50/53 bladder volume calculations (94.3%; 95% CI 88.1-100%). Ultrasound-fellowship-trained emergency medicine physicians graded 35/37 long bone scans as acceptable (94.6%; 95% CI 82.3-98.5%) and agreed with 32/37 medical student long bone scan interpretations (86.5%; 95% CI 72.0-94.1%).  Ultrasound-fellowship-trained emergency medicine physicians graded 116/120 cardiac scans as acceptable (96.7%; 95% CI 91.7-98.7%) and agreed with 111/120 medical student left ventricular function interpretations (92.5%; 95% CI 86.4-96.0%). Ultrasound-fellowship-trained emergency medicine physicians graded 99/117 inferior vena cava scans as acceptable (84.6%; 95% CI 77.0-90.0%) and agreed with 101/117 medical student interpretations of inferior vena cava collapsibility (86.3%; 95% CI 78.9-91.4%).  Conclusions: Medical students demonstrated satisfactory ability within a short period of time in a range of POCUS scans on pediatric patients after a novel curriculum. This supports the incorporation of a formal POCUS education into medical school curricula and suggests that novice POCUS learners can attain a measure of competency in multiple applications after a short training course.
Analisis Pengaruh Islamic Label Terhadap Kinerja Dan Tata Kelola Perusahaan (Studi Pada Indeks Saham Kompas 100 Periode 2015-2018)
Authors: Susanti Susanti
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuaan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Islamic label terhadap Deviden Per Share (DPS), Earning Per Share (EPS), return dan komisaris independen perusahaan yang terdaftar pada Kompas 100 periode 2015-2018. Dari hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi data panel unbalanced, diapatkan hasil bahwa DPS perusahaan berlabel Islam lebih besar dibandingkan perusahaan konvensional, sedangkan EPS dan return perusahaan syariah lebih kecil dibandingkan perusahaan konvensional, selain itu jumlah komisaris independen perusahaan berlabel Islam lebih sedikit dibandingkan perusahaan konvensional. Untuk uji signifikansi terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara Islamic label dan tingkat DPS pada tingkat signifikansi 10%. Sedangkan untuk EPS, tingkat return saham dan jumlah komisaris independen tidak ada hubungan signifikan dengan Islamic label.
Suitable but not optimal: Construction of a stepped functional model for the hub-type social organization's due diligence in China
Authors:   Institute of Sociology, Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100101, China, Zhao Xiaoping , Bi Yu
Published: April 2022

The fulfillment of duties and responsibilities of hub-type social organizations is of great significance to promote social organizations' participation in social governance innovation. This study summarizes the function of hub-type social organizations into a three-level pyramidal stepped functional model. Different from traditional theoretical explanations, this study believes that the key factors affecting the quality of due diligence of hub-type social organizations are not the pros and cons of professional ability, resource environment or operating mechanism, but the matching degree between these three conditions and the functions of hub-type social organizations. If the matching degree is low, even if the conditions of the hub-type social organization are very good, it is easy to fall into the dilemma of inability to perform duties, which can be called "structural dislocation"; on the contrary, if the degree of matching is high, even if the conditions are very weak, the hub-type social organization can also perform their duties smoothly.
Evaluation of the unsteady flamelet progress variable approach in Large Eddy Simulations of the ECN Spray A
Authors: Gierth Sandro , Haspel Philip , Scholtissek Arne , Sun Zhen , Popp Sebastian , Hasse Christian
Published: April 2022

Within the Unsteady Flamelet Progress Variable – Large Eddy Simulation (UFPV-LES) approach the local scalar dissipation rate represents one key parameter, significantly affecting the ignition behaviour. In this study, the UFPV-LES approach is evaluated for ECN Spray A baseline conditions, relevant for diesel engines. After confirming its general applicability, using experimental data under non-reacting and reacting conditions, special attention is paid to the distribution of the local scalar dissipation rate. Based on the findings of this analysis, a reduced modeling approach, considering only igniting flamelets starting from the adiabatic mixing line between the fuel and oxidizer, is investigated. The performance of this reduced approach is assessed systematically, using the UFPV-LES results as a reference. Based on an a-priori analysis, regions affected by the model reduction are identified and evaluated. A subsequent evaluation in an a-posteriori analysis, i.e. a coupled LES, reveals similar results in terms of local flame structure as well as global ignition characteristics and confirms the applicability of the reduced model under the ECN Spray A baseline conditions.
THE EFFECT OF MODERNIZATION OF TAX ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM AND TAX KNOWLEDGE ON TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE
Authors: Mardiana Ana , Lukman Lukman , Holly Anthony
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) pengaruh modernisasi sistem administrasi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak di KPP Pratama Makassar Utara, (2) pengaruh pengetahuan perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak di KPP Pratama Makassar Utara.

Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari kuesioner (primer) yang dibagikan kepada wajib pajak di KPP Pratama Makassar Utara. Sampel diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 97 responden. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh diuji dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa e-SPT berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak yang berarti semakin tinggi penerapan e-SPT maka semakin tinggi kepatuhan wajib pajak. E-Faktur mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak yang berarti semakin tinggi penerapan e-faktur maka semakin tinggi kepatuhan wajib pajak serta pengetahuan perpajakan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak yang berarti semakin tinggi pengetahuan perpajakan maka semakin tinggi kepatuhan wajib pajak.
THE EFFECT OF SUSTAINABILITY REPORT DISCLOSURE ON COMPANY VALUE WITH SYSTEMATIC RISK AS A MEDIATION VARIABLE
Authors: Holly Anthony , Jao Robert , Mardiana Ana , Holly Anita
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pengungkapan sustainability report terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan risiko sistematis sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan-perusahaan perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2016-2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling di mana sampel penelitian diambil dari perusahaan-perusahaan yang mengungkapkan laporan keuangan dan sustainability report secara berturut-turut, sehingga total sampel yang diperoleh pada periode 3 tahun adalah 63 sampel. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sustainability report berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap risiko sistematis. Sustainability report berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dan risiko sistematis mampu memediasi pengaruh pengungkapan sustainability report terhadap nilai perusahaan.
THE IMPACT OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL GROWTH STRATEGY ON FIRM PERFORMANCE POST-IPO
Authors: Prisilla Gracella , Bimo Irenius Dwinanto
Published: April 2022

Manajemen perlu menentukan strategi yang tepat untuk menggunakan dana dari investor untuk meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan. Strategi ini meningkatkan kapasitas kegiatan internal atau eksternal. Peningkatan intensitas pemasaran dan belanja modal merupakan kegiatan internal, sedangkan kegiatan eksternal adalah melakukan investasi pada perusahaan lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh strategi pertumbuhan internal dan eksternal terhadap kinerja perusahaan pasca Penawaran Umum Perdana (IPO). Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan regresi balanced panel data dengan model random-effect. Metode pemilihan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belanja modal berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja perusahaan pasca IPO. Strategi pertumbuhan internal lainnya, seperti intensitas pemasaran dan strategi pertumbuhan eksternal, tidak mempengaruhi kinerja perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menyiratkan bahwa penggunaan dana dari investor untuk meningkatkan kapasitas perusahaan melalui belanja modal dapat meningkatkan kinerja dibandingkan dengan kegiatan pemasaran dan investasi di perusahaan lain.
Molar extraction alters gastric mucosa and ghrelin expression in rat stomach: A preliminary study
Authors: Shams Shahriar Mohd , Watari Ippei , Saito Eri , Ono Takashi
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

Ghrelin is a key regulator of food intake and is considered a hunger hormone that affects cognition, memory, glucose metabolism, and antidepressant effects. Altered occlusion, such as a loss of molars, has been thought to retard digestive function. However, the association between occlusion and digestive function remains poorly understood. Here, we aimed to explore the effect of bilateral maxillary molar extraction on the gastrointestinal mucosa of growing rats and the expression of ghrelin and its receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR).

Material and Methods:

Twenty-four male 5-week-old Wistar rats were divided into control (CON) and experimental (EXP) groups (n = 12/group). The rats in the EXP group underwent extraction of the bilateral maxillary first, second, and third molars under general anesthesia. Rats in the CON group underwent a sham operation. All rats in both the CON and EXP groups were fed a powder diet and water ad libitum. The body weight of all rats was monitored throughout the EXP period. Rats in both the CON and EXP groups were euthanized on days 14 and 28, and the stomachs were isolated and subjected to histological analysis. Paraffin serial sections were prepared using a microtome for hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining using anti-ghrelin and anti-GHSR antibodies. The distribution and expression of ghrelin-immunopositive and GHSR cells were detected and observed under a light microscope. Data were statistically analyzed using t-tests (P < 0.05).

Results:

There were no significant differences in body weight between the CON and EXP groups throughout the EXP period. Histological analysis showed that the area of the submucosa (ASM), and the number of ghrelinimmunopositive cells were significantly decreased in the EXP group compared with the CON group on day 14. Alternatively, there was no significant difference in the ASM and the number of ghrelin-immunopositive cells between the CON and EXP groups on day 28, whereas the number of ghrelin receptors showed no differences across groups. Furthermore, the number of eosinophilic blood cells significantly increased in the EXP group on days 14 and 28.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that bilateral maxillary molar extraction may trigger stomach mucosal changes and alter digestive function through ghrelin expression in rats. This is the first report that occlusal deficiency could alter ghrelin expression in the mucosa of the rat stomach, thus raising concerns about the consequential role of ghrelin.
Primary spinal cord glioblastoma: A rare cause of paraplegia
Authors: Alharbi Bashaer , Alammar Hajar , Alkhaibary Ali , Alharbi Ahoud , Khairy Sami , Alassiri Ali H. , AlSufiani Fahd , Aloraidi Ahmed , Alkhani Ahmed
Published: April 2022

Background:

Primary spinal glioblastomas are extremely rare neoplasms and account for only 0.2% of glioblastoma cases. Due to the rare incidence of spinal cord glioblastoma in the literature, its natural history/ outcome remains undetermined. The present article describes the clinical presentation, radiological/pathological characteristics, and outcome of the primary spinal cord glioblastoma.

Case Description:

Two young patients initially presented with paresis that rapidly progressed to paraplegia. Nondermatomal sensory deficits were also noted, mainly affecting the lower limbs. Neuroradiological imaging revealed an extensive intramedullary spinal cord lesion, with no evidence of concurrent intracranial space-occupying lesions. Thoracic laminectomy, followed by tumor debulking and/or biopsy, was performed. The histomorphology was suggestive of glioblastoma, the World Health Organization grade 4 (Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-wild type). They were discharged in stable condition and were started on chemoradiotherapy, with clinicoradiological follow-up. One patient passed away after 9 months of initial presentation. The other patient was alive at 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion:

Primary spinal glioblastoma is a rare and challenging tumor. Patients commonly present with a progressive paresis, resulting in paraplegia, regardless of the surgical resection extent, and received adjuvant chemotherapy. Therefore, primary spinal cord glioblastoma should be considered in patients reporting a rapid lower limb weakness with neuroradiological evidence of extensive, exophytic intramedullary lesion of the spine. A biopsy-proven histopathological diagnosis is of indisputable importance to establish the final diagnosis and plan treatment options.
Nilai Tradisi Karapan Kerbau Masyarakat Sumbawa Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat Sebagai Penguatan Nilai Karakter Masyarakat
Authors: Yuliana Fitria , Salamah Salamah
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : 1) tradisi karapan kerbau pada masyarakat Sumbawa Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat; 2) nilai tradisi karapan kerbau pada masyarakat Sumbawa Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat; 3) penguatan nilai karakter masyarakat dari nilai tradisi karapan kerbau pada masyarakat Sumbawa Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat.  Metode penelitian  ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat  mengenai tradisi Karapan Kerbau. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif yang terdiri dari tiga alur yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil peneitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Tradisi karapan kerbau merupakan sebuah tradisi masyarakat agraris Sumbawa Barat yang dilaksanakan pada saat awal musim tanam. Tradisi ini dilaksanakan dalam lokasi persawahan  berlumpur yang telah digenangi oleh air. Nilai-nilai dalam tradisi karapan kerbau, jika dilihat dari segi sosial tradisi ini dijadikan sebagai sarana silaturahmi dalam artian puncak-puncak sosiokultural antara agama dan masyarakat ini ada dalam pelaksanaan tradisi karapan kerbau. Dalam proses pelaksanaan tradisi karapan kerbau terdapat nilai-nilai yang dapat dijadikan sebagai penguatan nilai karakter masyarakat yaitu nilai kerja sama, nilai sportifitas, nilai budaya, nilai ekonomi, nilai pendidikan, nilai tolong-menolong, nilai saling menghargai, nilai kejujuran dan saling percaya, nilai estetik, nilai sosiokultural, nilai luhur kebersamaan dan kekerabatan, nilai luhur kedermawanaan, nilai mengayomi, nilai religius, nilai tanggung jawab, nilai cinta damai, nilai peduli sosial, nilai toleransi.
Ketidakstabilan pariwisata pantai selatan Jawa Timur di kala pandemi (Studi komparasi daerah pariwisata Pantai Watu Ulo Jember dan Pantai Gemah Tulungagung)
Authors: Meiji Nanda Harda Pratama , Apriyadi Deny Wahyu , Widianto Ahmad Arif , Fahmi Ridwan Tajul
Published: April 2022

Tidak dapat dipungkiri adanya pandemi covid-19 di hampir seluruh pelosok Negeri, membuat kegamangan serta ketidakpastian pada segala lini kehidupan di masyarakat. Pariwisata Indonesia pun merasakan dampak dari adanya pandemi yang berkepanjangan sejak awal tahun 2020. Sejumlah industri pariwisata bahari seperti pantai di wilayah Jawa Timur merasakan dampak yang berkelanjutan, utamanya bagi masyarakat yang menggantungkan hidup mereka pada sektor tersebut. Beberapa wilayah wisata yang mengalami dampaknya seperti pantai Watu Ulo di Jember dan pantai Gemah di Tulungagung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara mendalam pada beberapa pemangku kepentingan dan pengelola wisata pantai di dua wilayah di Jember dan Tulungagung. Proses penelitian yang dilakukan sejak akhir tahun 2020 hingga pertengahan 2021 mendapatkan temuan adanya pandemi yang berkepanjangan menyebabkan wisata pantai yang mulai berkembang kembali mati suri. Hal ini membuktikan dampak nyata dan berkepanjangan akibat adanya pandemi terkait sektor ekonomi masyarakat pelaku pariwisata bahari di pantai selatan Jawa Timur. Perlu adanya sikap dan tindak lanjut yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan juga masyarakat guna masa depan pariwisata Jawa Timur.
Kesenian Gajah-gajahan di Kaponan Mlarak Ponorogo (Studi nilai budaya dan potensinya sebagai sumber pembelajaran IPS SD)
Authors: Rukun R , Hanif Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam kesenian  gajah-gajahan di Desa Kaponan Kecamatan Mlarak Kabupaten Ponorogo dan potensinya sebagai sumber pembelajaran IPS SD. Kesenian gajah-gajahan merupakan kesenian tradisional yang lahir di Ponorogo yang memiliki tokoh utama yaitu tiruan binatang gajah yang dibuat menyerupai binatang aslinya, dipikul oleh dua orang untuk dapat menggerakkannya, dan diiringi oleh musik hadroh dengan tema islami. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan sumber data primer. Data primer diperoleh dari informan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Penetapan informan atau sampel berdasarkan purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis penelitian kualitatif model Miles & Huberman. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada Bulan Desember 2018-Januari 2020 di Desa Kaponan Kecamatan Mlarak Ponorogo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kesenian gajah-gajahan memiliki nilai religius, silaturohim, sosial ekonomi, gotong royong, kekeluargaan, kerja sama, persatuan dan kesatuan, cinta tanah air dan bangsa, dan estetika. Kesenian gajah-gajahan di Desa Kaponan berpotensi untuk dijadikan sumber pembalajaran IPS SD kelas V KD 3.2 menganalisis bentu-bentuk interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan dan pengaruhnya terhadap pembangunan sosial, budaya, ekonomi masyarakat Indonesia dan KD 4.2 menyajikan hasil analisis tentang interaski manusia dengan lingkungannya dan pengaruhnya terhadap pembangunan sosial, budaya, ekonomi masyarakat Indonesia.
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF MATA DIKLAT MEMPERBAIKI MOTOR LISTRIK GUNA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: Islami Syaiful , Candra Oriza , Eliza Fivia , Alisman Yosri
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this article is to improve the learning outcomes of students using interactive multimedia in the eyes of training to improve electric motors in SMK 1 Tanjung Raya. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest one group. The subjects of this study were students of class XII TITL of SMK 1 Tanjung Raya who were enrolled in the 2013/2014 school year consisting of 29 students. Data collection in this study used a test of learning outcomes (posttest) in the form of objective questions as many as 20 items. Before the test questions were used then a test was conducted to determine the validity, reliability, level of difficulty of the questions and the different power of the questions. The data obtained were analyzed using the Gain Score. The results obtained indicate that there is an increase in student learning outcomes that can be seen from the results of the pretest and posttest values, the average value of pretest before using interactive multimedia is 64.48 and the average posttest value after using interactive multimedia is 75.07. So it was concluded that the use of interactive multimedia learning media can improve student learning outcomes in the eyes of training to improve the electric motor.
Synthesis and hyperpolarization of 13C and 2H labeled vinyl pyruvate and pyruvate
Authors: Herges Rainer , Brahms Arne , Pravdivtsev Andrey , Stamp Tim , Ellermann Frowin , Sönnichsen Frank , Hövener Jan-Bernd
Published: April 2022

The hyperpolarization of nuclear spins has enabled unique applications in chemistry, biophysics, and particularly in metabolic imaging. Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) offers a fast and cost-efficient way of hyperpolarization. Nevertheless, PHIP lags behind dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), which is already being evaluated in clinical studies. This shortcoming is mainly due to problems in the synthesis of the corresponding PHIP precursor molecules. The most widely used DNP tracer in clinical studies, particularly for the detection of prostate cancer, is 1-13C-pyruvate. The ideal derivative for PHIP is the deuterated vinyl ester because the spin physics allows for 100% polarization. Unfortunately, there is no efficient synthesis for vinyl esters of -ketocarboxylic acids in general and pyruvate in particular. Here, we present an efficient new method for the preparation of vinyl esters, including 13C labeled, fully deuterated vinyl pyruvate using a palladium catalyzed procedure. Using 50 % enriched parahydrogen and mild reaction conditions, a 13C polarization of 12% was readily achieved; 36% are expected with 100% pH2. Higher polarization values can be potentially achieved with optimized reaction conditions.
CURRENT TRENDS IN STRENGTHENING THE POSITION OF SMALL BUSINESS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Толкаченко Галина Львовна , Албендов Рашад Мугабил оглы
Published: April 2022

Цель статьи - рассмотреть тенденции укрепления позиции малого бизнеса в Российской Федерации. Малый бизнес во всем мире играет огромную роль в обеспечении населения товарами первой необходимости, а также в предоставлении рабочих мест, что обусловливает актуальность темы исследования. В статье рассмотрены меры поддержки малого бизнеса в связи с пандемией 2020 г. и тенденции развития малого бизнеса в 2021 г. Элемент научной новизны заключается в выявлении тенденций развития и некоторых особенностей господдержки малого бизнеса на современном этапе.

The purpose of the article is to consider trends in strengthening the position of small businesses in the Russian Federation. Small businesses around the world play a huge role in providing the population with basic goods, as well as in providing jobs, which allows us to say about the relevance of the proposed topic. The article considers measures to support small businesses in connection with the 2020 pandemic and the latest trends in the formation of small businesses in 2021. An element of scientific novelty is to identify some features of state support for small businesses at the present stage.
Stabilization and sensory evaluation of calcium-enriched soymilk prepared
using different chelating agents
Authors: Kaharso V.C. , Hua Y.
Published: April 2022

It is generally acknowledged that calcium lactate (ca-lactate) fortification of soymilk to
achieve the equivalent calcium level in cow’s milk (1.2 mg/g) causes instability in
soymilk. In order to produce acceptable calcium-enriched soymilk with great stability,
three different kinds of chelating agents were added, namely tripotassium citrate (TPC),
trisodium citrate (TSC), and sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP). In this study, the
addition of ca-lactate was found to reduce the pH (6.62 to 5.37) and increase the particle
diameter (268.66 to 1,222.81 nm) and sedimentation (0.19 to 8.75%) of soymilk.
Meanwhile, the addition of TPC and TSC produced calcium-enriched soymilks with
smaller particle diameter (295.21-452.22 nm and 297.61-461.80 nm) and lower
sedimentation levels (0.25-1.55% and 0.26-1.58%). The pH of calcium-enriched soymilk
was also increased when both chelating agents were added. The application of SHMP as a
chelating agent was not as effective as TPC and TSC because the particle diameter
(527.98-703.40 nm) and sedimentation level were still relatively higher (4.24-5.68%) than
the unfortified soymilk. Even though both TPC and TSC showed no significant difference
(P>0.05) in stability, the sensory evaluation showed different results. Soymilk with TSC
added was saltier and sourer than samples with TPC added. The study recommends the
use of TPC as the chelating agent in soymilk enriched with ca-lactate.
The Integration of Historical and Cultural Resources in China
Authors: Yuan Jinzhan
Published: April 2022

Historical and cultural resources are the pinnacle of human civilization’s growth. At present, an important factor restricting the development of China’s cultural industry is its lack of connotation, so it is urgent to integrate and effectively develop China’s historical and cultural resources, so as to transform resource advantages into industrial advantages and maximize the historical significance and realistic value of historical and cultural resources. The article depicts the industrialization, all-round, three-dimensional growth of its thinking through the definition of historical and cultural resources, the requirement of integration, and the principle of the research.
Memory Errors in Interpreting: How Semantics and Background Insufficiency Affect Interpretation
Authors: Gao Mingjie
Published: April 2022

A weak memory can cause grave mistakes during an interpretation which may affect interpreters’ self-esteem and leave strong psychological implications to them. This paper mainly focuses on discussing what problems memory would cause and the reason why they show during an interpreting, as well as methods to leave this predicament. This essay is divided into two main parts: analysis and understanding of literatures for reasons of memory issues with author’s own opinions in the end, and a conclusion.
There May Be the Most Beautiful Scenery in the World, but There Is No Such Thing as the Best Translation: A Suitable Translation is the Best Translation
Authors: Gong Zhiming
Published: April 2022

Translation is a vital activity with a lengthy history that touches every aspect of human life. Translation is a complex activity with rich connotations, and Chinese and Western scholars have long debated what is the “best translation.”  This paper examines the translation theories of Lu Xun’s stiff translation, “Catford’s Translation Linguistics,” and “Qian Zhongshu’s Huajing” in order to discuss what kind of translation is acceptable in the setting of the times.
Improving the Quality of Senior Care Based on the Rating of Guilin Pension Institutions
Authors: Liang Caihong , Xu Junru , Li Wenzu , Luo Jingyi , Qiu Yulian , Zhang Canxia , Jiang Tao
Published: April 2022

The problem of population aging poses new challenges to the quality improvement and quality maintenance of the pension institution. The purpose of this study is to provide ideas for improving the service quality of senior care by analyzing the existing rating reports of the pension institution in Guilin. Since 2018, a rating system for pension institution has been established in various parts of China. These 1-5 star evaluation standards similar to hotel ratings have greatly improved the service quality of Pension institution. This study found that based on the current rating results of the pension institution in Guilin, combined with some of the characteristics of the pension institution themselves, and using traditional text mining and statistical analysis methods can help a pension institution improve their own ratings. Current statistics find that the higher ratings of pension institution have a lot to do with their own asset size, affiliation, time of establishment, geographical factors, and regulatory agencies. The results of this study can be used to improve the rating of Guilin pension institutions.
Marx’s Criticism of Capital Logic and the Construction of a Community of Shared Future for Mankind
Authors: Zhang Huanhuan
Published: April 2022

In his guiding ideology, Marx proposed that the world system constructed by capitalism belongs to a false community, and the awareness of shaping is relatively one-sided. The development of a false community has caused the imbalance of the development of nations, countries, and the world itself. The real common is a community of shared future for mankind, and it transcends capital logic.
Analysis on the Application of Situational Teaching to “Morality and Rule of Law” in Junior High Schools
Authors: Xu Xialin
Published: April 2022

With the continuous development of the curriculum reform, situational teaching, which is fitted to promote the development of quality education, is increasingly showing its unique advantages. Situational teaching is the negation of the traditional teaching method. This teaching model is supported by constructivism and the theory of humanism. This paper explores the operational links of “Moral and Rule of Law” in junior high schools and discusses the practical significance of situational teaching for the education in China.
Evaluation of Talent Attraction in New First-Tier Cities – Based on Entropy Weight Matter-Element Theory
Authors: Zhang Weiran
Published: April 2022

Talent is a strategic asset of urban development, and it is a component of the comprehensive competitiveness of cities. Under the background of increasing competitions for talents in various places, it is particularly important to scientifically and objectively evaluate the attraction of urban talents. On the basis of constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of urban talent attraction, the weight of evaluation index is determined by entropy weight method to establish the evaluation model. Based on the panel data of 10 new first-tier cities in Chengdu, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Wuhan, Tianjin, Xi’an, Chongqing, Qingdao, Shenyang, and Changsha from 2017 to 2019, the entropy weight matter-element model is constructed to measure and evaluate the talent attraction in new first-tier cities. Countermeasures and suggestions for urban talent absorption and management are put forward in this paper.