bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yếu tố tác động đến hành vi lựa chọn phương tiện đi học của học sinh trung học phổ thông – trường hợp nghiên cứu tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Nguyễn Minh Hiếu , Nguyễn Thanh Chương , Từ Sỹ Sùa
Published: February 2023

Tổng quan nghiên cứu nhấn mạnh việc thiếu các công trình chuyên sâu về hành vi lựa chọn phương tiện đi học đối với học sinh trung học phổ thông. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi tiến hành phân tích định lượng các yếu tố tác động tới hành vi lựa chọn phương tiện đi học của học sinh trong độ tuổi 16-18. Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi được thực hiện dựa trên phần trả lời được thu thập vào tháng 3 năm 2022 của hơn 800 phụ huynh có con hiện đang là học sinh trung học phổ thông tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Sử dụng phương pháp phân tích nhân tố khám phá (Exploratory Factor Analysis - EFA) và mô hình hồi quy đa thức (Multinomial Logit Regression - MLR), chúng tôi tìm ra sự ảnh hưởng của hàng loạt yếu tố tới việc lựa chọn một trong ba nhóm phương tiện chính gồm: (1) xe đạp điện, (2) xe máy, và (3) đi bộ/ xe đạp. Kết quả chỉ ra rằng lứa tuổi càng lớn, thu nhập của hộ gia đình càng cao, sống ở nhà riêng dưới mặt đất, cảm nhận tích cực về tính dễ sử dụng và tính hữu ích của xe máy, cảm nhận rủi ro thấp khi đi xe máy là những yếu tố chính thúc đẩy sử dụng xe máy ở học sinh trung học phổ thông. Trên cơ sở kết quả về yếu tố ảnh hưởng, chúng tôi đề xuất các các giải pháp để thúc đẩy đi lại xanh và an toàn sử dụng xe đạp điện và đi bộ/ xe đạp đối với học sinh
Structural and thermal investigations of rolling tires in a flat road
Authors: Thanh Cong Nguyen , Khanh Duy Do Cong , Cong Truong Dinh
Published: February 2023

Rubber is an essential component of a pneumatic tire. In general, the tire, or the rubber part, is heated by the hysteresis effects caused by the deformation of the rubber part during the operation. Besides, the tire temperature depends on many factors, such as inflation pressure, vehicle loading, car speed, road tire, environment condition, and tire geometry, etc. This study focuses on the finite element approach to compute by simulating the temperature distributions of a steady-state rolling tire. For simplicity, the tire is assumed to be composed of rubber, body-ply, wire, and rim only. The nonlinear mechanical behavior of the rubber is characterized by a Mooney–Rivlin model, while the other parts are assumed to be a linear elastic material. The coupled effects of the inflation pressure and vehicle loading are investigated. Hysteresis energy loss is used as a bridge to link the strain energy density to the heat source in rolling tires. The steady-state thermal analysis may obtain the temperature distribution of rolling tires. On the other hand, an efficient computational process is being introduced to decrease the time for coupled 3D dynamic rolling simulation of the tire. The simulation results show that loading is the main factor in determining the temperature field
THE PROSPECTS OF VILLAGE OWNED ENTERPRISES DEVELOPMENT IN IGIRISA VILLAGE, PAGUYAMAN DISTRICT BOALEMO REGENCY
Authors: Saidi Roni , Muhammad Ikram , Lakoro Fibriyanti S.
Published: February 2023

The objectives of this research are (1) to find out the prospect of Village Owned Enterprises development (BUMDes) in Girisa Village, Paguyaman District, Boalemo Regency. (2) To determine the supporting and inhibiting factors of Village Owned Enterprises development (BUMDes) in Girisa Village, Paguyaman District, Boalemo Regency. (3) To find out the efforts made to overcome obstacles of Village Owned Enterprises development (BUMDes) in Girisa Village, Paguyaman District, Boalemo Regency.The research method used descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The data analysis technique used SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is used to analyze prospects of Village Owned Enterprises development in Girisa Village, Paguyaman District, Boalemo Regency.The research results showed that (1) The prospect of Village Owned Enterprises development (BUMDes) in Girisa Village, Paguyaman District, Boalemo Regency which is considered not running optimally because gradually in the short-, medium- and long-term prospects have not been fulfilled. (2) The supporting factor for good cooperation between the Village Government and the high interest and interest of the community, while the inhibiting factor is the lack of BUMDes budget. Lack of competent BUMDes managers. The existence of a similar business where the presence of other parties from outside makes a business. Lack of promotion of BUMDes to the community and managers who do not have an entrepreneurial spirit. (3) Efforts made to overcome obstacles have minimal planning both short term and long term. There needs to be organizing so that a good organization can help BUMDes Bangkit Bersama be able to run well. Have good controlling (supervision). And have actuating (implementation), which is able to run well.
Optimalaisasi Peran dan Fungsi Pemerintahan Desa di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan
Authors: Madjid Ramli , Tahir Arifin , Dunggio Titin
Published: February 2023

The objectives of this research are: (1) Knowing and analyzing the optimization of the roles and functions of village government. (2) Knowing and analyzing the factors that determine and hinder the optimization of the role and function of the village government.

This research is a research with a qualitative descriptive approach, namely examining, analyzing and decrypting the data.

The informants in this study were 33 people consisting of: Camat, District Secretary, Head of BPD, Sangadi, Village Secretary, Head of Financial Affairs, and Head of Government Section.

Research Results: (1) The roles and functions of local government have been optimal. For the role of the village government in the implementation of government in the village, both as a dynamist, catalyst, and pioneer, it has been going well or has been optimal based on the results of interviews that have been conducted. Meanwhile, the function of the village government is in development planning, village government administration; and Village financial management, has been running well or has been optimal based on the results of interviews that have been conducted; (2) Government policy factors that most influence the optimization of village government roles and functions, with the consideration that human resources (apparatus), budget (finance), facilities and infrastructure all depend on government policies (central, provincial and district).

Suggestions: (1) In order to optimize the roles and functions of the village government, a higher quality of human resources is needed. (2) The government can provide future policies regarding the functions and roles of village government.
The Strategy of Gorontalo Police Service in Improving Community Vaccination Discipline in the Era of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Daud Ahmad rizak , Arifin Tahir  , Djamila Podungge
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze the strategy of Gorontalo Police Service in improving community vaccination discipline in the Covid-19 pandemic era.

This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation studies. Data analysis techniques through data reduction, data presentation, and data verification.

The results showed that the strategy of Gorontalo Police Service was running well through the Determination of Service Standards, Information and Openness, Preference and Counseling, Leading Personnel Practices, Effective Complaints Unit, Use of Information and Communication Technology. The strategy of Gorontalo Police Service has been able to improve community vaccination discipline in the Covid-19 pandemic era, but daily achievements have not met the expected target. Constraints faced 1) Limited human resources, 2) Lack of mobilization facilities, 3) Lack of public awareness for vaccination. It is recommended that the Gorontalo Police Resources Department carry out technical guidance on an ongoing basis for the management and administration of Covid-19 vaccination services in Gorontalo Regency. People who have received vaccinations are expected to remain disciplined in maintaining the 5M health protocol, washing hands, wearing masks, maintaining distance, avoiding crowds and limiting mobility. People who have not received vaccinations are expected with self-awareness to immediately go to referral places to get vaccination services
Climate Change, Radical Uncertainty and Hope
Authors: Hasselaar Jan Jorrit
Published: February 2023

Views on climate change are often either pessimistic or optimistic. In this book Jan Jorrit Hasselaar discovers and explores a third way, one of hope. A debate within economics on risk and uncertainty brings him to theological questions and the concept of hope in the work of the late Jonathan Sacks—and to a renewed way of doing theology as an account of the good life. What follows is an equal conversation between theology and economics as has hardly been undertaken in recent times. It emerges that hope is not contrary to economic insights, but remarkably compatible with them. Communication between these fields of expertise can open the way for a courageous and creative embrace of radical uncertainty in climate change. A key notion here is that of a public Sabbath, or a ‘workplace of hope’—times and places set aside to cultivate inspiration and mutual trust among all parties involved, enabling them to take concrete steps forward.
Jonathan Sacks’ Understanding of Hope
Authors: Hasselaar Jan Jorrit
Published: February 2023

The aim here is to answer the twofold question: What is the meaning
and possible societal impact of Jonathan Sacks’ understanding of hope?
The chapter opens, however, by demonstrating that Sacks meets the
requirements for entering into transversal reasoning (TR) with economists
in succeeding chapters. Then the first question is answered by developing
a systematic overview of Sacks’ approach of Torah veḥokmah, a term that
refers to an ongoing conversation between Torah (theology and philosophy)
and ḥokmah (secular wisdom, including natural and social sciences).
Particular attention is given to Sacks’ interpretation of the narrative of the
Exodus, because his understanding of hope is derived from this narrative.
To answer the second question, the chapter shows that the Exodus as a
narrative of hope provides a particular perspective on reality, accessible
for all. This perspective has not only been the subject of an ongoing
conversation within Judaism. The chapter highlights examples of earlier
societal impacts of retelling the Exodus story. Contemporary debates argue
directly or indirectly for such a retelling in times of climate change. The
chapter concludes that the key ingredients of Sacks’ understanding of
hope lend themselves to address radical uncertainty: emunah (a form of
trust), chessed (a form of love, including the institution of the covenant)
and change of identity (including the institution of a public Sabbath).
Vegetable Virtues
Authors: Bushnell Rebecca
Published: February 2023

Herbal medicine attributes to plants “virtues,” understood as their effects
on animal bodies. In early modern English the meaning of the word
virtue encompasses positive moral qualities, but also efficacy; in plants
that agency may be both deadly and beneficial. This essay reviews how
early modern botanical discourse uses virtue to signal plants’ power to
influence the world. It then examines how that attribution intersects
with a discourse of dynamic human virtue in Shakespeare, including his
references to herbal cures as well as explicit references to plant virtues
in King Lear, Cymbeline, and Pericles. The final section turns to the more
complex relationship of botanical and human virtue in Romeo and Juliet
and Hamlet.
‘Thou art translated’ : Plants of Passage
in A Midsummer Night’s Dream
Authors: Hopkins Lisa
Published: February 2023

A Midsummer Night’s Dream abounds in plant life. This essay argues
that just as the wood outside Athens demarcates a border between the
city and fairyland, so many of the plants in the play either emblematize
or were thought to facilitate passage from one state or place to another.
Love-in-idleness may be described as “a little western flower,” but some of
the other plants in the play come from the east; some are boundary plants;
and some were thought to give access to fairyland or to alternative states
of mind. There is also a trio of plants (thyme, mulberry, and pansy) which
are sometimes white but may be changed to purple either magically or
by natural means, figuring transition.
Coffee Roasters’ Data Vernacular
Authors: Stauff Markus , van Romondt Vis Pauline , van Es Karin
Published: February 2023

The symbolic opposition between data/datafication and human perception
or reasoning is a key feature of contemporary data discourse. This article
suggests analyzing how such dominant ideas about data get articulated
in specific contexts. We take the use of computerized data in small-scale
coffee roasting as an example of a “data vernacular” that reproduces,
uses, but also modifies elements of the dominant data discourse. While
data’s promise of efficiency and consistency is taken up in coffee roasting,
the data are embedded in the context of a craft whose insistence on the
superiority of human senses actively constrains the impact of data. This
ultimately adds vernacular voice and variation to the human versus data
semantic.
Out of the Bin, into the Open
Authors: van den Eijnden Tamalone
Published: February 2023

With the notion of a material afterlife of data, this chapter addresses the
issue of unregulated electronic waste recycling as an integral aspect of our
digital cultures and the ways we interface with digital data. As such, this
chapter not only foregrounds important issues of social and environmental
justice as part of digital cultures, but it also counters the historical cultural
tendency in Western thinking that privileges disembodied information
over materiality. With an orientation toward the ways materiality mediates
and performs, I take a new materialist approach in my analysis of the
documentary Welcome to Sodom (2018). I conclude by proposing that the
fire representations in the documentary are a productive imaginary for
understanding the material entanglements of the afterlife of data.
From the Center to the Frontier
Authors: Vadas András
Published: February 2023

The chapter looks at the transformation of the waterscapes along the
frontier between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Ottoman Empire in
Transdanubia in the sixteenth century in order to understand the role
that the waterscape of the Carpathian Basin played in the formation and
maintenance of the frontier of the Kingdom of Hungary in the pre-modern
period. It argues that from the early sixteenth century onwards, rivers such
as the Sava – and from the mid-sixteenth century the Dráva, the Mura, and
most importantly the Rába in the central part of Transdanubia – became
organic elements in Hungary’s military defense.
From Endless Forests to Meadows and
Wastelands?
Authors: Vadas András
Published: February 2023

The chapter analyzes the relationship between the Hungarian-Ottoman
wars and the loss of forests in Transdanubia (western Hungary). It provides
an estimate of the most important ways in which forest resources were
used in order to investigate whether or not the forest loss can be linked
to the Ottoman presence in the Carpathian Basin. The most important
spheres of forest-related consumption – fortification works and the
production of war materiel – are considered and contrasted with other
types of forest-resource use.
Safety and efficacy of eye drops from umbilical cord blood platelet lysate to treat resistant corneal ulcer
Authors: Farag Rania Kamel , Dawood Mervat , Elesawi Maher
Published: February 2023

Background: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a novel treatment of resistant corneal ulcers owing to the unique anti-inflammatory molecules and growth factors it contains. Platelet lysates are a potential future alternative. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of human UCB platelet lysate in treating resistant corneal ulcers.

Methods: This was prospective, non-comparative, interventional case series involving 40 eyes of patients aged 6 – 65 years with persistent corneal ulcers from the Mansoura Ophthalmic Center and Mansoura Research Center for Cord Stem Cells. Patients were classified according to the cause of persistent corneal ulcer into four groups: group I, including 14 eyes with dry eye disease; group II, including six eyes post-keratoplasty; group III, including four eyes with corneal chemical burn; and group IV, including 16 eyes with persistent corneal ulcer from other causes. All participants underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations, and baseline and final best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) were recorded. Eye drops were prepared from UCB platelet lysate and administered to all patients along with detailed meticulous instructions for the method of use. Clinical progression of wound healing was continuously observed. The treatment response was identified as complete healing, improvement, or treatment failure.

Results: BCDVA improved significantly in all studied groups (all P < 0.05). In group I, complete healing, improvement, and treatment failure occurred in 71%, 29%, and 0% of cases. In group II, complete healing, improvement, and treatment failure occurred in 67%, 33%, and 0% of cases. In group III, complete healing, improvement, and treatment failure occurred in 50%, 50%, and 0% of cases. In group IV, complete healing, improvement, and treatment failure occurred in 63%, 12%, and 25% of cases. No adverse events associated with the treatment were observed or subjectively self-reports in the study period.

Conclusions: Eye drops from UCB platelet lysate were a novel therapeutic blood component with unique growth factors and anti-inflammatory compounds that could be an effective and safe treatment option in managing persistent corneal ulcers of different causes. A future randomized clinical trial with a large sample size and a longer follow-up is required to confirm these preliminary outcomes.
The CALIPSO version 4.5 stratospheric aerosol subtyping algorithm
Authors: Tackett Jason L. , Kar Jayanta , Vaughan Mark A. , Getzewich Brian J. , Kim Man-Hae , Vernier Jean-Paul , Omar Ali H. , Magill Brian E. , Pitts Michael C. , Winker David M.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The accurate classification of aerosol types injected into the stratosphere
is important to properly characterize their chemical and radiative impacts
within the Earth climate system. The updated stratospheric aerosol subtyping
algorithm used in the version 4.5 (V4.5) release of the Cloud Aerosol Lidar
with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) level 2 data products now delivers
more comprehensive and accurate classifications than its predecessor. The
original algorithm identified four aerosol subtypes for layers detected
above the tropopause: volcanic ash, smoke, sulfate/other, and polar
stratospheric aerosol (PSA). In the revised algorithm, sulfates are
separately identified as a distinct, homogeneous subtype, and the diffuse,
weakly scattering layers previously assigned to the sulfate/other class are
recategorized as a fifth “unclassified” subtype. By making two structural
changes to the algorithm and revising two thresholds, the V4.5 algorithm
improves the ability to discriminate between volcanic ash and smoke from
pyrocumulonimbus injections, improves the fidelity of the sulfate subtype,
and more accurately reflects the uncertainties inherent in the
classification process. The 532 nm lidar ratio for volcanic ash was also
revised to a value more consistent with the current state of knowledge. This
paper briefly reviews the previous version of the algorithm (V4.1 and V4.2)
then fully details the rationale and impact of the V4.5 changes on subtype
classification frequency for specific events where the dominant aerosol type
is known based on the literature. Classification accuracy is best for volcanic
ash due to its characteristically high depolarization ratio. Smoke layers in
the stratosphere are also classified with reasonable accuracy, though during
the daytime a substantial fraction are misclassified as ash. It is also
possible for mixtures of ash and sulfate to be misclassified as smoke. The
V4.5 sulfate subtype accuracy is less than that for ash or smoke, with
sulfates being misclassified as smoke about one-third of the time. However,
because exceptionally tenuous layers are now assigned to the unclassified
subtype and the revised algorithm levies more stringent criteria for
identifying an aerosol as sulfate, it is more likely that layers labeled as
this subtype are in fact sulfate compared to those assigned the sulfate/other
classification in the previous data release.
Monitoring Glacier Calving using Underwater Sound
Authors: Tęgowski Jarosław , Glowacki Oskar , Ciepły Michał , Błaszczyk Małgorzata , Jania Jacek , Moskalik Mateusz , Blondel Philippe , Deane Grant B.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Climate shifts are particularly conspicuous in the Arctic. Satellite and terrestrial observations show significant increases in the melting and breakup of Arctic tidewater glaciers and their influence on sea level rise. Increasing melt rates are creating an urgency to better understand the link between atmospheric and oceanic conditions and glacier frontal ablation through iceberg calving and melting. Elucidating this link requires a combination of short and long-time scale measurements of terminus activity. Recent work has demonstrated the potential of using underwater sound to quantify the time and scale of calving events to yield integrated estimates of ice mass loss (Glowacki and Deane, 2020). Here, we present estimates of subaerial calving flux using underwater sound recorded at Hansbreen, Svalbard in September 2013 combined with an algorithm for the automatic detection of calving events. The method is compared with ice calving volumes estimated from geodetic measurements of the movement of the glacier terminus and an analysis of satellite images. The total volume of above-water calving during the 26 days of acoustical observation is estimated to be 1.7 ± 0.7 × 107 m3, whereas the subaerial calving flux estimated by traditional methods is 7 ± 2 × 106 m3. The results suggest that passive cryoacoustics is a viable technique for long-term monitoring of mass loss from marine-terminating glaciers.
Rapid hydration and weakening of anhydrite under stress: Implications for natural hydration in the Earth’s crust and mantle
Authors: Heeb Johanna , Healy David , Timms Nicholas E. , Gomez-Rivas Enrique
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Mineral hydration is an important geological process that influences the rheology and geochemistry of rocks, and the fluid budget of the Earth’s crust and mantle. Steady-state differential compaction (SSDC), dry and ‘wet’ tests under confining pressure, and axial stress were conducted, for the first time, to investigate the influence of triaxial stress on hydration in anhydrite-gypsum aggregates. Characterization of the samples before and after triaxial experiments were performed with optical and scanning electron microscopy, including energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron backscatter diffraction mapping. Stress-strain data reveal that samples that underwent steady state differential compaction in the presence of fluids are ~14 to ~41 % weaker than samples deformed under ‘wet’ conditions. The microstructural analysis shows that there is a strong temporal and spatial connection between the geometry, distribution, and evolution of fractures and hydration products. The increasing reaction surface area in combination with pre-existing gypsum in a gypsum-bearing anhydrite rock led to rapid gypsification. The crystallographic orientations of newly formed vein-gypsum have a systematic preferred orientation for long distances along veins, beyond the grain boundaries of wall-rock anhydrite. Gypsum crystallographic orientations in {100} and {010} are systematically and preferentially aligned parallel to the direction of maximum shear stress (45° to σ1). Gypsum is also not always topotactically linked to the wall-rock anhydrite in the immediate vicinity. This study proposes that the selective inheritance of crystal orientations from favourably oriented wall-rock anhydrite grains for the minimization of free energy for nucleation under stress leads to the systematic preferred orientation of large new gypsum grains. A sequence is suggested for hydration under stress that requires the development of fractures accompanied by localised hydration. Hydration along fractures with a range of apertures up to 120 µm occurred in under 6 hours. Once formed, gypsum-filled veins represent weak surfaces and are the locations of further shear fracturing, brecciation, and eventual brittle failure. These findings imply that non-hydrostatic stress has a significant influence on hydration rates and subsequent mechanical strength of rocks. This phenomenon is applicable across a wide range of geological environments in Earth’s crust and upper mantle. Please find a graphical abstract in the PDF manuscript document and as PNG with the supplements.
Bayesian transdimensional inverse reconstruction of the Fukushima Daiichi caesium 137 release
Authors: Dumont Le Brazidec Joffrey , Bocquet Marc , Saunier Olivier , Roustan Yelva
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (NPP) yielded massive and rapidly varying atmospheric radionuclide releases.
The assessment of these releases and of the corresponding uncertainties can be performed using inverse modelling methods that combine an atmospheric transport model with a set of observations and have proven to be very effective for this type of problem.
In the case of the Fukushima Daiichi NPP, a Bayesian inversion is particularly suitable because it allows errors to be modelled rigorously and a large number of observations of different natures to be assimilated at the same time.
More specifically, one of the major sources of uncertainty in the source assessment of the Fukushima Daiichi NPP releases stems from the temporal representation of the source.
To obtain a well-time-resolved estimate, we implement a sampling algorithm within a Bayesian framework – the reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo – in order to retrieve the distributions of the magnitude of the Fukushima Daiichi NPP caesium 137 (137Cs) source as well as its temporal discretization.
In addition, we develop Bayesian methods that allow us to combine air concentration and deposition measurements as well as to assess the spatio-temporal information of the air concentration observations in the definition of the observation error matrix. These methods are applied to the reconstruction of the posterior distributions of the magnitude and temporal evolution of the 137Cs release. They yield a source estimate between 11 and 24 March as well as an assessment of the uncertainties associated with the observations, the model, and the source estimate.
The total reconstructed release activity is estimated to be between 10 and 20 PBq, although it increases when the deposition measurements are taken into account.
Finally, the variable discretization of the source term yields an almost hourly profile over certain intervals of high temporal variability, signalling identifiable portions of the source term.
On the importance of phenology in the evaporative process of the Miombo Woodland: Could it be why satellite-based evaporation estimates differ?
Authors: Zimba Henry , Coenders-Gerrits Miriam , Banda Kawawa , Hulsman Petra , van de Giesen Nick , Nyambe Imasiku , Savenije Hubert H. G.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Complex African ecosystems such as the Miombo Woodland, with unique plant phenology, have evaporation dynamics that have not been investigated due to very few, if at all existant, flux tower observations. Furthermore, significant differences have been observed in satellite-based evaporation estimates in the Miombo Woodland especially in the dry season. Therefore, deciding which sattelite evaporation product to use in this ecosystem is difficult, as these products vary in many respects. In this study, the actual evaporation estimates for six satellite-based evaporation estimates are compared across Miombo Woodland phenophases in the Luangwa Basin, in southern Africa. In the absence of basin scale field observations, the actual evaporation estimated using the general water balance is used as reference, to which the six satellite-based evaporation estimates have been compared. Our results show significant variation in actual evaporation estimates in the water limited, high temperature and lower forest canopy cover and leaf chlorophyll conditions in the dormant phenophase. Lowest variation is observed in water abundant, high temperature, high leaf chlorophyll content and high forest canopy cover in the maturity/peak phenophase(s). Compared to the basin scale water balance actual evaporation, all six satellite-based evaporation estimates appear to underestimate evaporation. The results of underestimation at basin scale agrees with local field observations in a dense Miombo Woodland in the Luangwa Basin, which indicates that satellite-based evaporation estimates generally underestimate dry season (dormant phenophase) and early rain season (green-up phenophase) actual evaporation. The discrepancies in dry season satellite-based evaporation estimates may be cuased by the Miombo Woodland species’ phenological adaptation attributes such as: leaf fall, leaf flush, access to deep soil moisture and the within vegetation water storage, coupled with heterogenous plant species response to phenological stimuli. Therefore, it appears that satellite-based evaporation estimates using model structure, processes and inputs that are capable of capturing Miombo species dry season phenological interaction with climate are likely to have actual evaporation estimates closer to field conditions.
Review Article: Scaling, dynamical regimes and stratification: How long does weather last? How big is a cloud?
Authors: Lovejoy Shaun
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Until the 1980’s, scaling notions were restricted to self-similar homogeneous special cases. I review developments over the last decades, especially in multifractals and Generalized Scale Invariance (GSI). The former is necessary for characterizing and modelling strongly intermittent scaling processes while the GSI formalism extends scaling to strongly anisotropic (especially stratified) systems. Both of these generalizations are necessary for atmospheric applications. The theory and (some) of the now burgeoning empirical evidence in its favour is reviewed. Scaling can now be understood as a very general symmetry principle. It is needed to clarify and quantify the notion of dynamical regimes. In addition to the weather and climate, there is an intermediate “macroweather regime” and at time scales beyond the climate regime, (up to Milankovitch scales) there is a macroclimate and megaclimate regime. By objectively distinguishing weather from macroweather it answers the question “how long does weather last?”. Dealing with anisotropic scaling systems – notably atmospheric stratification – requires new (non-Euclidean) definitions of the notion of scale itself. These are needed to answer the question “how big is a cloud?”. In anisotropic scaling systems morphologies of structures change systematically with scale even though there is no characteristic size. GSI shows that it is unwarranted to infer dynamical processes or mechanisms from morphology. Two “sticking points” preventing the more widespread acceptance of the scaling paradigm are also discussed. The first is an often implicit phenomenological “scalebounded” thinking that postulates a priori the existence of new mechanisms, processes every factor of two or so in scale. The second obstacle is the reluctance to abandon isotropic theories of turbulence and accept that the atmosphere’s scaling is anisotropic. Indeed there is currently appears to be no empirical evidence that the turbulence in any atmospheric field is isotropic. Most atmospheric scientists rely on General Circulation Models, and these are scaling – they inherited the symmetry from the (scaling) primitive equations upon which they are built. Therefore, the real consequence of ignoring wide range scaling is that it blinds us to alternative scaling approaches to macroweather and climate – especially to new models for long range forecasts and to new scaling approaches to climate projections. Such stochastic alternatives are increasingly needed notably to reduce uncertainties in climate projections to the year 2100.
Aerodynamic simulation of rough and eroded blades, AEP effect and mitigation using low drag vortex generators
Authors: Bretos-Arguiñena David , Méndez-López Beatriz
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Blade roughness depositions or blade erosion have an unquestionably effect over blade aerodynamics and wind turbine power production. This work is focused on the simulation using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) of the NACA 633418 airfoil with high roughness values and with different erosion typologies (pits and extreme losses of material). The CFD code used is OpenFOAM v8 and different technologies are selected to create the meshes to capture properly geometries' defects (ICEMCFD and ANSYS Workbench). This study goes a step further by using low drag Vortex Generators (VGs) to mitigate the roughness and erosion harmful effects. Low drag VGs are compared with conventional ones and afterwards 3D blade sections are computed with roughness and erosion incorporating low drag VGs to evaluate the blade performance recovery achieved by the use of VGs. Finally, the impact of the different configurations (rough, eroded, rough + VG and eroded + VG) over Annual Energy Production (AEP) is evaluated on a virtual 2.5 MW wind turbine. The most important finding of the work presented in this paper is that AEP losses due to the existence of blade surface roughness or erosion can be recovered from the use of VGs up to 1.5 %.
CHARACTERIZATION OF SELECTED GRAPE SEEDS BASED ON SOME CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: Yakhchi Vahid , Abbaspour Hossein , Peyvandi Maryam , Majd Ahmad , Noormohammadi Zahra
Published: February 2023

A large amount of seeds is produced as a by-product after grape processing. In general, mainly due to fatty acid composition, the seeds oil is extracted to be used as potential ingredient for food applications. In the present study, some important chemical and biochemical characteristics of grape seeds from some Iranian varieties were assessed. To this end, protein concentration, fatty acid profile, antioxidant activity, ?-carotene content, and concentration of carbohydrates were determined using standard methods. The results showed that the protein concentration of the seeds ranged from 53.15 to 81.75 mg/g. Major fatty acid identified in all the studied seeds was linoleic acid followed by palmitic acid and oleic acid. Antioxidant activity of the seeds varied from 68.31 to 92.64%. The content of ?-carotene in the seeds was obtained to be in the range of 5.47?12.83 ?g/g. The soluble and insoluble sugars in the seeds varied in the range of 99.45?306.79 mg/g and 60.12?123.81 mg/g, respectively. For all the varieties, soluble sugar content was higher than insoluble one where the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The variance analysis revealed significant (P < 0.05) difference of the variety factor on the studied characteristics of the seeds.
BIOACCESSIBILITY OF ?-DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN BREADS AND OTHER BAKERY PRODUCTS USING AN IN VITRO STIMULATED GASTROINTESTINAL DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS
Authors: YAMAN Mustafa , EDE-CINTESUN Elif , ÖZGÖLET Muhammed , SERDAR Esra , MIZRAK Ömer Faruk , YILDIRIM-SERVI Esra
Published: February 2023

Digestive system conditions may increase or decrease the formation ?-dicarbonyl compounds. This study aims to determine the bioaccessibility of glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO) in bakery products under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions. For this purpose breads and bakery products were obtained from bakehouse in Istanbul, Turkey. The amount of GO and MGO in samples ranged between 54.8 to 180.4 µg /100 g and 45.8 to 220.3 µg / 100g respectively. After in vitro digestion GO and MGO levels were increased to between 170.4 to 656.8 µg / 100g and 105.6 to 1220.9 µg/100 g, respectively. Bioaccessibility of GO and MGO increased up to 727% and 1351% respectively. High increase rates were observed in samples that contain high fat and low moisture contents. We demonstrated that formation of GO and MGO increase under in vitro digestive system conditions. Further studies are needed to extensively investigate the formation mechanism in such foods.
SYNTHESIS OF METHYL ESTER FROM OFF GRADE CRUDE PALM OIL USING CaO/a-Fe2O3 AND ITS POTENTIAL AS BIODIESEL
Authors: Santoso Aman , Wijaya Angger Agus , Sumari Sumari , Wijaya Anugrah Ricky , Rachman Ihsan Budi , Asrori Muhammad Roy
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study was to synthesize methyl esters from Off Grade (CPO) using a CaO/a-Fe2O3 catalyst and its potential as biodiesel. The experimental laboratory carried out: activation of natural zeolite, characterization of Off Grade CPO, refinement, synthesis of CaO/a-Fe2O3, esterification, trans-esterification using CaO/a-Fe2O3 with mass variation (8:2, 7:3, 6:4), characterization, and identification by GC-MS test. The results showed that Off Grade CPO had the characteristics of: 0.923 g/mol density, 52.27 cSt viscosity, and 15.20% free fatty acid (FFA). CaO/a-Fe2O3 catalyst was successfully synthesized. The optimum conditions for trans-esterification occurred at a mole ratio of oil:methanol about 1:12, 3% catalyst, 60 ?, 3 hours, and a catalyst mass ratio of 8:2. The synthesized methyl ester had the characteristics of: 0.851 g/mL density, 4.790 cSt viscosity, 1.447 refractive index, and 0.50 acid number which was in accordance with the quality standard of SNI Biodiesel 7182:2015.
BANANA STORAGE PERFORMANCE IN A REFRIGERATION SYSTEM WITH R404A REFRIGERANT AT DIFFERENT PRESSURES
Authors: Aksut B. , POLATCI Hakan
Published: February 2023

In this study, the storage performance of banana fruits in a refrigeration system at different pressures (950, 1050 and 1150 kPa) with R404a gas refrigerant was investigated. The trials lasted about 10-12 days. Mass loss, color changes, energy consumption and temperature values were determined. Total soluble solids (TSS), pH and total acidity (TA) of the fruits were also analyzed. The mass loss at the experiments was measured as 8.06 g at 950 kPa pressure, 6.60 g at 1050 kPa pressure and 8.19 g at 1150 kPa pressure. Change in fruit surface areas throughout the storage period was determined with the aid of an image processing software. As compared to fresh fruits, TSS, pH and TA of the fruits were best-preserved at 950 kPa pressure. Therefore, 950 kPa pressure was recommended for R404a refrigerant in cold storage of banana fruits.
DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN SELECTED VEGETABLES FROM SANLIURFA, TURKEY, AND HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
Authors: YAKAR Yasin , KOÇAK Fatma
Published: February 2023

Bu çal??mada ?anl?urfa'da yayg?n olarak tüketilen domates, biber, patl?can, salatal?k gibi sebzelerde pestisit kal?nt? düzeylerinin de?erlendirilmesi amaçlanm??t?r. Sürekli tüketilen tar?m ürünlerinde pestisit kal?nt?lar?n?n bulunmas? tüketiciler için ciddi sa?l?k sorunlar?na neden olabilmektedir. Bu çal??ma, QuEChERS ekstraksiyon yöntemi ve S?v? Kromatografi-Tandem Kütle Spektrometrisi (LC-MS/MS) tekni?i kullan?larak 130 pestisit kal?nt?s? için toplam 83 taze sebze örne?inin analiz edildi?ini göstermektedir. Analiz sonucunda sebze örneklerinin %34'ünün Maksimum Kal?nt? Limitlerinin (MRL'ler) üzerinde pestisit kal?nt?s? içerdi?i tespit edilmi?tir. Bu oran salatal?k, patl?can, biber ve domateste s?ras?yla %50, %40, %30 ve %18 olarak bulunmu?tur. Analiz edilen numunelerin çok yüksek bir oran? limitleri a?an kal?nt?lar içeriyordu. Domates ve biber için hesaplanan kümülatif risk indeksi (cHI) ve domateslerde tespit edilen asetamiprid kal?nt?s? için uzun vadeli tüketici sa?l??? riski (cHQ) de?eri çocuklar için 1'den büyük bulunmu?tur. Bu durum tüketicilerin sa?l???n? korumak için baz? önlemlerin al?nmas? gerekti?ini göstermektedir. Bu do?rultuda kal?nt? izleme çal??malar?n?n daha planl? ve etkin bir ?ekilde yap?lmas?, çiftçilere ve zirai ilaç sat?c?lar?na e?itim verilmesi önerilmektedir.
Khảo sát đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và đặc điểm kỹ thuật của phương pháp sóng xung kích ở bệnh thiếu máu cơ tim cục bộ mạn tính
Authors: Thành Lê Duy
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát một số đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và đặc điểm kỹ thuật của phương pháp sóng xung kích ở bệnh nhân thiếu máu cơ tim cục bộ mạn tính. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, mô tả cắt ngang trên 65 bệnh nhân có bệnh thiếu máu cơ tim cục bộ mạn tính có chỉ định điều trị bằng sóng xung kích được điều trị nội trú tại Bệnh viện TWQĐ 108 từ tháng 3/2015 đến tháng 3/2021. Tất cả bệnh nhân được khám lâm sàng, xét nghiệm cận lâm sàng và tìm hiểu các yếu tố nguy cơ. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của nhóm nghiên cứu 72,2 ± 10,1, nam (78,5%). Tỷ lệ phân độ đau ngực CCS 2 (24,6%), CCS 3 (58,5%), CCS 4 (16,9%). Không có biểu hiện thiếu máu cơ tim trên điện tâm đồ (30,3%), nhồi máu cơ tim cũ chiếm 32,2%. Phân số tống máu thất trái (EF) theo Simpsons 44,89 ± 12,27%, chỉ số điểm vận động thành (WMSI) 1,54 ± 0,18. Sức căng chiều dọc trung bình (GLS) -10,28 ± 2,82. Bệnh nhân không tái thông động mạch vành (27,7%), có tiền sử PCI (61,5%), CABG (7,7%), PCI và CABG (3,1%). Tổn thương nhiều nhánh động mạch vành (55,4%). Tỷ lệ khuyết xạ mức độ nặng (46,2%), khuyết xạ diện rộng (60%). Tổng lượng xung phát trung bình: 6269,2 ± 816,6 xung. Số vùng và thời gian phát xung trung bình lần lượt là 7,72 ± 1,48 vùng và 128,6 ± 45,64 phút. Tỷ lệ các vùng được phát xung cao nhất là vùng mỏm (93,8%), thấp nhất là thành bên 30,2%. Không thấy có tác dụng tăng men tim và các rối loạn nhịp phức tạp trong thời gian nghiên cứu. Kết luận: Bệnh nhân thiếu máu cơ tim cục bộ mạn tính ở nhóm điều trị sóng xung kích thường lớn tuổi, tổn thương động mạch vành nhiều và phức tạp, mức độ khuyết xạ nặng và rộng
U tế bào Hürthle tuyến giáp trong trung thất - báo cáo trường hợp lâm sàng và xem xét tài liệu liên quan
Authors: Công Cung Văn
Published: February 2023

Trong phân loại của tổ chức y tế thế giới, các u tuyến giáp bao gồm: (1) U tuyến giáp dạng keo (Colloidal thyroid tumor); (2) U nang tuyến giáp (Thyroid cyst); (3) U viêm tuyến giáp (Thyroid inflammatory tumor); (4) Bướu giáp đa nhân (Multinodular thyroid tumor); (5) U tuyến giáp hoạt động mạnh (Hyperactive thyroid tumor); (6) Ung thư tuyến giáp (Thyroid cancer). Một số tài liệu còn gọi nhóm 1 là nhóm u tuyến (Thyroid adenomas) và trong nhóm này phân típ tế bào Hürthle (Hürthle cell) được đặc biệt chú ý vì nó có thể tồn tại ở hai dạng lành tính (Hürthle cell adenoma - HCA) và ác tính (Hürthle cell carcinoma - HCC). Việc chẩn đoán phân biệt lành và ác tính luôn được đặt ra vì liên quan đến chiến lược điều trị và tiên lượng bệnh.          Chúng tôi giới thiệu trường hợp bệnh HCA, trong trung thất, được chẩn đoán xác định và phẫu thuật thành công tại Bệnh viện Phổi Trung ương với mục tiêu nêu rõ phương cách tiếp cận chẩn đoán đồng thời nhấn mạnh phương pháp điều trị để các đồng nghiệp cùng tham khảo
Upaya Peningkatan Kesehatan Jiwa Lansia Melalui Deteksi Dini, Edukasi dan Terapi Kelompok Terapeutik Lansia
Authors: Kurniati Safra Ria , Putri Mawar Eka
Published: February 2023

Peningkatan jumlah populasi lansia akan menimbulkan masalah-masalah kesehatan pada usia lanjut termasuk masalah kesehatan jiwa. Lansia yang tinggal di Panti Wredha memiliki risiko mengalami berbagai macam masalah psikososial dan perhatian terhadap hal ini perlu ditingkatkan. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah dengan melaksanakan deteksi dini kesehatan jiwa, edukasi kesehatan dan terapi kelompok terapeutik untuk meningkatkan aspek psikososial lansia. Dari hasil screening didapatkan data bahwa 30% lansia mengalami ansietas tingkat ringan, 50% tingkat sedang, 10% tingkat berat dan 10% tidak mengalami ansietas. Setelah dilaksanakan pendidikan kesehatan, didapatkan hasil adanya peningkatan skor pengetahuan dilihat dari peningkatan rata-rata skor sebesar 35%. Terapi Kelompok Terapeutik bertujuan untuk membantu lansia mencapai tugas perkembangan psikososialnya yaitu integritas diri. Upaya peningkatan kesehatan jiwa pada lansia secara efektif bisa dilaksanakan dengan melakukan screening masalah kesehatan mental, memberikan edukasi serta terapi kelompok terapeutik. Diharapkan kegiatan ini bisa menjadi program rutin setiap tahun pada lansia di panti wredha.
Edukasi Burung Cekakak Biru-Putih (Todiramphus diops) Kepada Anak Usia Dini Menggunakan Metode Story Telling di Kelurahan Kastela
Authors: Tamnge Fadila , Kurniawan Andy , Umanahu Zulkarnain Riswan
Published: February 2023

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat adalah proses pembangunan dimana masyarakat berinisiatif untuk memulai proses kegiatan sosial untuk memperbaiki situasi dan kondisi diri sendiri. Kegiatan sosialisasi dan edukasi “Mengenal lebih dekat cekakak biru-putih (T.diops), burung endemik Maluku Utara” ini diselenggarakan di Kelurahan Kastela yang bertujuan untuk mengedukasi anak-anak usia dini tentang satwa liar endemik Maluku Utara yang ada di sekitar lingkungan mereka. Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui dua tahapan yaitu tahap sosialisasi dan literasi pantai Kastela. Kegiatan sosialisasi merupakan kegiatan penyampaian materi seputar fakta ekologis, status penyebaran, status konservasi, dan peran penting burung cekakak di alam menggunakan metode story telling. Sementara itu literasi pantai Kastela merupakan kegiatan bebas yaitu membaca dan bermain bersama mitra. Hasil kegiatan PKM menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak usia dini yang terlibat sangat antusias dengan kegiatan yang ditawarkan. Beberapa dampak positif yang ditunjukan oleh mitra adalah perkembangan imajinasi dan daya pikir anak saat proses diskusi berlangsung serta ketertarikan anak-anak pada buku bacaan yang ditawarkan oleh tim PKM.
Scattering light through temporal structure
Authors: Galiffi Emanuele
Published: February 2023

A sufficiently fast temporal drive can induce a host of peculiar temporal scattering phenomena, such as the temporal analogues of spatial reflection and diffraction, but obeying different causal relations. In this talk I will present a number of theoretical advances and new ideas in this direction, as well as two series of recent experiments that are pioneering the growing field of temporal electromagnetic control.

Firstly, I will demonstrate the first realization of electromagnetic time-diffraction, the temporal analogue of Young's famous double-slit experiment, performed in Indium Tin Oxide at near-optical frequencies, and discuss its implications for the microscopic study of non-equilibrium dynamics in transparent conducting oxides, as well as its potential applications for temporal light modulation and for the direct measurement of the temporal coherence of optical pulses.

In the second part of the talk I will demonstrate the first observation of electromagnetic time-reflection, performed in a microwave waveguide, explaining why this phenomenon can be practically observed despite the recent claims of its unfeasibility, and I will show how this platform can be leveraged to achieve temporal coherent wave control, whereby a broadband pulse can be "instantaneously" erased or "sculpted" by means of an additional idler pulse, tailored to annihilate the first entirely or in part upon time-reflection.