bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in the Equines of Jammu Region
Authors: Bhardwaj Rajinder Kumar , Kumar Sudhir . , Singh Rajiv . , Kumar Ashok .
Published: August 2022

A study was undertaken on 29 equines with a history of lameness, difficulty in mastication, reduced feed intake, and swelling of facial bones. Feeding history was recorded and clinical examination of all horses was performed. Radiographs of the head of some horses were taken. Blood samples were collected from 14 osteodystrophic and 6 healthy horses to estimate plasma levels of Ca, P, ALP, BUN, and creatinine. Urine samples were collected for a routine examination, sulkowitch test, urine calcium, and phosphorus estimation, and fractional urinary clearance of phosphorus was calculated. Mean values of P, ALP and UFCP was significantly higher in NSHP affected horse than healthy horses. Radiographs of the head revealed decreased bone density, loosened teeth in alveolar sockets, and increased osteoid thickening of maxillae and mandible bones. Young horses were more susceptible than older horses. All the animals were treated by supplementation of 40 gm of calcium carbonate orally for 2 months, resulting in the disappearance of lameness and returning animals to normal work.
Plasma Trace Minerals Profile and Fertility without and with Estrus Synchronization Therapy at Day 90 Postpartum in Suckled Kankrej Cows
Authors: Naikoo Mehrajuddin . , Dhami Arjun J. , Ramakrishnan Ammu . , Divekar Bharat S.
Published: August 2022

The study was aimed at assessing the plasma trace minerals profile at 10 days interval up to 90 days postpartum, followed by estrus induction and fertility response together with mineral profiling till day 40 post-FTAI in anestrus/subestrus suckled Kankrej cows (n=36) of an organized farm using five different treatment protocols and a normal cyclic control group (6 cows in each group). The mean plasma levels of zinc, iron, copper, cobalt, and manganese did not vary significantly until 90 days postpartum in most groups, except Ovsynch and Ovsynch + CIDR and Cosynch. The estrus induction response with Ovsynch, CIDR, Ovsynch + CIDR, Cosynch, and PGF2andalpha; treatment protocols initiated at day 90-92 postpartum was 66.66, 83.33, 50.00, 66.66, and 66.66 %, and the conception rates at induced estrus in anestrus/subestrus cows were 16.66, 33.33, 16.66, 50.00 and 50.00 %, respectively. In the standard cyclic control group, the conception rate at the first cycle was 33.33 %. The above treatment protocols influenced none of the minerals studied. The values of trace minerals varied insignificantly for entire post-treatment periods even within and between conceived and non-conceived groups, with a few exceptions. There was no association between plasma trace minerals profile and estrus response or fertility after treatment. It was concluded that CIDR, Cosynch, and PGF2andalpha; protocols were better than others for estrus induction and conception rate in anestrus/subestrus zebu cows. Although they did not influence the plasma trace minerals (Zn, Fe, Cu, Co, and Mn) profile, perhaps due to well-nourished animals on the organized farm, it helped to infer that the selected animals were maintained under the optimum nutritional regime.
Gestión eficiente del recurso hídrico en predios ganaderos del trópico alto nariñense
Authors: Lerma Lasso Jose Libardo , Meneses Buitrago Diego Hernán , Castro Rincón Edwin
Published: August 2022

Ante los interrogantes que tienen los productores ganaderos de lechería especializada de trópico alto del departamento de Nariño sobre cuáles son los volúmenes de agua requeridos para la producción de biomasa como pasturas o praderas, y en función de las condiciones agroclimáticas de la región cuál es el nivel o potencial para la producción de biomasa, la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – AGROSAVIA, por medio del manual Gestión eficiente del recurso hídrico en predios ganaderos del trópico alto nariñense, propone alternativas y recomendaciones para resolver dichos interrogantes y mejorar la competitividad y sostenibilidad del sistema productivo.
The Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure During Pregnancy on Pregnancy and Child Health Outcomes in South Asia: Protocol for an Instrumental Variable Analysis
Authors: Reitzug Fabian , Luby Stephen P , Pullabhotla Hemant K , Geldsetzer Pascal
Published: August 2022

Background

Determining the longer-term health effects of air pollution has been difficult owing to the multitude of potential confounding variables in the relationship between air pollution and health. Air pollution in many areas of South Asia is seasonal, with large spikes in particulate matter (PM) concentration occurring in the winter months. This study exploits this seasonal variation in PM concentration through a natural experiment.

Objective

This project aims to determine the causal effect of PM exposure during pregnancy on pregnancy and child health outcomes.

Methods

We will use an instrumental variable (IV) design whereby the estimated month of conception is our instrument for exposure to PM with a diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) during pregnancy. We will assess the plausibility of our assumption that timing of conception is exogenous with regard to our outcomes of interest and will adjust for date of monsoon onset to control for confounding variables related to harvest timing. Our outcomes are 1) birth weight, 2) pregnancy termination resulting in miscarriage, abortion, or still birth, 3) neonatal death, 4) infant death, and 5) child death. We will use data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in relevant regions of Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan, along with monthly gridded data on PM2.5 concentration (0.1°×0.1° spatial resolution), precipitation data (0.5°×0.5° resolution), temperature data (0.5°×0.5°), and agricultural land use data (0.1°×0.1° resolution).

Results

Data access to relevant DHSs was granted on June 6, 2021 for India, Nepal, Bangladesh, August 24, 2021 for Pakistan, and June 19 2022 for the latest DHS from India.

Conclusions

If the assumptions for a causal interpretation of our instrumental variable analysis are met, this analysis will provide important causal evidence on the maternal and child health effects of PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy. This evidence is important to inform personal behavior and interventions, such as the adoption of indoor air filtration during pregnancy as well as environmental and health policy.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/35249
Internet-Based Information Sharing With Families of Patients With Stroke in a Rehabilitation Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case-Control Study
Authors: Murakami Tatsunori , Higuchi Yumi , Ueda Tetsuya , Kozuki Wataru , Gen Aki
Published: August 2022

Background

The spread of COVID-19 has affected stroke rehabilitation. Given that inpatient visits are restricted in most institutions, alternative ways of providing information to family members are imperative. Informing families about patients’ rehabilitation progress via the web may help involve families in the rehabilitation process, enhance patients’ motivation to continue rehabilitation, and contribute overall to patients’ improvement in activities of daily living (ADL).

Objective

We aimed to investigate the feasibility of the Internet-Based Rehabilitation Information Sharing (IRIS) intervention for families of patients with stroke at a rehabilitation hospital and examine the effect of IRIS on patients’ ADL improvement.

Methods

In this case-control study, participants were inpatients at a rehabilitation hospital between March 2020 and April 2021. The intervention group (information and communication technology [ICT] group) included patients and families who requested IRIS, which consisted of a progress report on patients’ rehabilitation using text, photos, and videos. Those who did not receive internet-based information were included in the non-ICT group. The control group, matched with the ICT group based on a 1:1 propensity score, was selected from the non-ICT group. The covariates for calculating the propensity score were patients’ age, sex, and motor and cognitive scores on the Functional Independence Measure at admission. The main outcome was the degree of ADL improvement during hospitalization. Multiple regression analysis (forced entry method) was performed to confirm the impact of ICT use on ADL improvement. The independent variables were the presence of intervention, length of hospital stay, and number of days from onset to hospitalization.

Results

In total, 16 groups of patients and families participated in the IRIS. The mean age of patients was 78.6 (SD 7.2) and 78.6 (SD 8.2) years in the ICT and control groups, respectively. The median total Functional Independence Measure difference was 28.5 (IQR 20.3-53.0) and 11.0 (IQR 2.8-30.0) in the ICT and control groups, respectively, and the ICT group showed significant improvement in ADL function (P=.02). In the multiple regression analysis of the ICT and control groups, the unstandardized regression coefficient was 11.97 (95% CI 0.09-23.84) for ICT use. These results indicate that ICT use was independently and significantly associated with improvement in ADL.

Conclusions

This study examined the effect of IRIS on family members to improve ADL in patients with stroke who are hospitalized. The results showed that IRIS promotes the improvement of patients’ ADL regardless of age, sex, motor and cognitive functions at admission, and the length of hospital stay.
Urine Uromodulin as a Biomarker of Kidney Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis
Authors: Melchinger Hannah , Calderon-Gutierrez Frida , Obeid Wassim , Xu Leyuan , Shaw Melissa M. , Luciano Randy L. , Kuperman Michael , Moeckel Gilbert W. , Kashgarian Michael , Wilson F. Perry , Parikh Chirag R. , Moledina Dennis G.
Published: August 2022

Background and objectives

Uromodulin, produced exclusively in the kidney’s thick ascending limb, is a biomarker of kidney tubular health. However, the relationship between urine uromodulin and histologic changes in the kidney tubulointerstitium has not been characterized. In this study, we test the association of urine uromodulin with kidney histologic findings in humans and mice.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We investigated the independent association of urine uromodulin measured at the time of kidney biopsy with histologic features in 364 participants at two academic medical centers from 2015 to 2018 using multivariable linear regression models. This relationship was further examined by comparison of uromodulin staining in murine models of kidney fibrosis and repair.

Results

We found urine uromodulin to be correlated with serum creatinine (rho=−0.43; P<0.001), bicarbonate (0.20; P<0.001), and hemoglobin (0.11; P=0.03) at the time of biopsy but not with urine albumin (−0.07; P=0.34). Multivariable models controlling for prebiopsy GFR, serum creatinine at biopsy, and urine albumin showed higher uromodulin to be associated with lower severity of interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and glomerulosclerosis (interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy: −3.5% [95% confidence intervals, −5.7% to −1.2%] and glomerulosclerosis: −3.3% [95% confidence intervals, −5.9% to −0.6%] per two-fold difference in uromodulin). However, when both interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and glomerulosclerosis were included in multivariable analysis, only interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy was independently associated with uromodulin (interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy: −2.5% [95% confidence intervals, −4.6% to −0.4%] and glomerulosclerosis: −0.9% [95% confidence intervals, −3.4% to 1.5%] per two-fold difference in uromodulin). In mouse kidneys, uromodulin staining was found to be lower in the fibrotic model than in normal or repaired models.

Conclusions

Higher urine uromodulin is independently associated with lower tubulointerstitial fibrosis in both human kidney biopsies and a mouse model of fibrosis.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2022_08_10_CJN04360422.mp3.
PERILLA FRUTESCENS – A REVIEW ON PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES, EXTRACTION PROCEDURE AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: K VANITA , T MEGH , D SHIVAM
Published: August 2022

Perilla frutescens, a member of the mint family Lamiaceae, is a medicinal, aromatic, edible, and beautiful plant. The source of perilla lies into East Asian countries (China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam, and India), in which it is been used as an important root of culinary and conventional medicinal uses. Perilla plant’s leaves, seeds, and stems are utilized in community medicine for a variety of ailments [1]. Recently, Perilla plant is gaining extra interest due to its medicinal advantages and phytochemical contents. The fundamental phytochemical compounds found in this species are phenolic compounds (Rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid), flavonoids (luteolin and apigenin), Phytosterols, Tocopherols, Policosanols, and Fatty acid. Perilla seed oil too is a wealthy supply of vital fatty acid which includes α-linolenic acid (54–64%) and linoleic acid (14%) [2]. Perilla has shown different biologicalactions for example, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective actions. Perilla seed oil consists of omega-3-fatty acid, and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). In comparison to other plant oils, perilla seed oil has one of the highest percentages of omega-3 (ALA) fatty acids, at 54–64%. The omega-6 (linoleic acid) is around 14% and omega-9 (Oleic acid) too is found in perilla oil. These polyunsaturated fatty acids are very useful to human wellbeing and in prevention of various illnesses such as cardiovascular disorders, cancer, inflammatory, and rheumatoid arthritis [3].
AN EVALUATION OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS WITH REMDESIVIR IN PATIENTS OF COVID-19
Authors: BASHINI MIRUTHU , SHAH SUCHI , DESAI CHETNA
Published: August 2022

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the adverse drug reactions (ADR) following Remdesivir therapy in patients of COVID-19.
Methods: All patients more than 18 years of age of any gender, diagnosed with COVID-19 infection receiving remdesivir therapy and fulfilling the selection criteria were included in the study after informed consent. They were monitored for ADRs till end of treatment and analyzed for characteristics of the ADRs: Causality, severity, and preventability.
Results: Out of 80 patients (mean age of 49.27±16.22 years) enrolled, 51 (63.75%) developed 84 ADRs. Most common ADRs included increased aspartate transaminases, (20.23%), increased bilirubin (19.04%), increased alanine transaminases (13.09%), increased creatinine (11.90%), and increased blood urea (9.52%). Causality assessment using WHO-UMC scale showed, 85.71% possible, 13.09% probable, and 1% certain causal association of the ADRs with remdesivir. A total 75% ADRs were mild in severity and 45% patients recovered from the event at the end of treatment.
Conclusion: Hepatic and Renal dysfunctions are observed with remdesivir in COVID-19 patients. Intensive monitoring of ADRs with newer drugs with EUA such as remdesivir is warranted to ensure safer use in patients.
A RETROSPECTIVE PHARMACOVIGILANCE ANALYSIS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: GIRI KIRAN , PALANDURKAR KAMLESH , GIRI REENA , AGRAWAL UDITKUMAR
Published: August 2022

Objective: Pharmacovigilance Program of India is a robust program extending from government hospitals to non-government hospital for implementation of policy of safe and rational use of drugs and early signal generation for adverse effects of drugs. Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University is part of this program since 2004. Retrospective analysis of adverse drug reaction (ADR) reported to the adverse drug monitoring center at tertiary Care Hospital.
Methods: The study site was Sir Sundar Lal Hospital, Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. The study was performed after the approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee, letter number: Dean/2020/EC/2153. It was a retrospective observational study. Data collected through VigiFlow software in standard IPC Pharmacovigilance Program of India prescribed suspected ADR form, from March 2020 to June 2021 were analyzed. Causality assessment was done using a World Health Organization Uppsala Monitoring Center scale.
Results: In the present study, the percentage of male patients affected is 58% and 42% female patient got suffered from adverse drug effects. About 64% of adverse effect are in possible category followed by probable, that is, 36%. The majority of adverse effects are due to antimicrobials, that is, Cephalosporins and Antitubercular group of drugs. About 20.1% adverse events show gastrointestinal symptoms. In the present study, we also observed that 5.17% adverse effects are due to hydroxychloroquine account for gastritis, headache, lethargy, and vomiting which were prescribed as prophylactic drug for COVID-19.
Conclusion: Medicine information OPD in every medical college is the need of the hour to increase awareness regarding adverse events. It is important to spread importance of reporting adverse events by spontaneous reporting under Pharmacovigilance Program of India to detect rare and unusual side effects.
A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS ON SERUM LIPID PROFILE AND CAROTID ARTERY INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS IN CHILDREN BETWEEN 1 TO 12 YEARS.
Authors: M GOPI SRIKANTH , N ARUNA DEVI , MOHAN C CHANDRA , K SOURIS , K MRUDHULA
Published: August 2022

Epilepsy is among the commonly prevalent non communicable disease, particularly related to Central nervous system (CNS). The cumulative lifetime incidence of epilepsy is 3% and more than half of the cases begin in childhood. Seizures are common in pediatric age group and occur in approximately 10% of children. Epilepsyrequires long term anti-convulsanttreatment. The overall aim in the treatment of epilepsy should be complete control of seizures and no adverse reaction due to medication with an optimal quality of life. Epidemiological, clinical and experimental investigations have shown that anti- epileptic drugs (AED) predispose to atherosclerosis by altering the lipid profile.
The next generation of rare disease drug policy: ensuring both innovation and affordability
Authors: Pearson Caroline , Schapiro Lindsey , Pearson Steven D
Published: August 2022

Scientific advancements, new US FDA approval pathways and limited competition have contributed to rapid growth in the number of approved rare disease treatments in recent years. While the rising numbers of orphan drug approvals are a sign of success, the rapid growth in approved rare disease treatments has created concerns about the pricing of orphan drugs and their cumulative affordability to the health system. To support efforts to build a policy and practice infrastructure that drives innovation within a platform that is affordable to patients and the health system, this paper provides an analysis of potential risks as well as advantages of reform options related to drug development, pricing and coverage.
Parentesco, movilidad y marginalidad rarámuri en Ciudad Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua
Authors: Oseguera Montiel Andrés , Schiebeck Villegas Ricardo
Published: August 2022

Mediante el método de la encuesta genealógica se analizan las características de la migración de los habitantes de una colonia rarámuri en Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, en un contexto urbano y multicultural, así como el papel de las relaciones parentales en la inserción laboral y en la conformación de la colonia. El trabajo, basado en el estudio de las relaciones de parentesco entre los pobladores de dicho asentamiento, muestra la marginalidad de la vida urbana de los indígenas derivada de las relaciones interétnicas con los menonitas y los chabochi («mexicanos» o mestizos).
Una migrante establecida en la frontera sur de México. Experiencias de desterritorialización
Authors: Arévalo Peña Martha Liliana
Published: August 2022

El análisis de la experiencia migratoria de una mujer asentada en la frontera sur de México permite reconocer e identificar otras miles de historias de mujeres migrantes de Centroamérica, así como los procesos a los que se enfrentan al ser expulsadas de su país natal y que en el camino son convertidas en migrantes forzadas y obligadas a habitar otros territorios. Esta biografía y la experiencia en el Programa de Bienestar de Personas en Emergencia Social y Natural también ponen al descubierto procesos de transformación dentro de esta dinámica en la que el poder y la violencia surgen como elementos fundamentales que se manifiestan desde distintas instancias y generan cambios en la vida de las personas.
An Efficient Spam Detection Technique for IoT Devices Using Machine Learning
Authors: Mounasri S. , Tejaswani D , Mounika A , Bhuvaneshwari S
Published: August 2022

Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) is a group of millions of devices having sensors and actuators linked over wired or wireless channel for data transmission. The volume of data released from these devices will increase many-fold in the years to come. In such an environment, machine learning algorithms can play an important role in ensuring security and authorization based on biotechnology, anomalous detection to improve the usability and security of IoT systems. On the other hand, attackers often view learning algorithms to exploit the vulnerabilities in smart IoT-based systems. Motivated from these, in this project, we propose the security of the IoT devices by detecting spam using machine learning. In this framework, five machine learning models are evaluated using various metrics with a large collection of inputs features sets. Each model computes a spam score by considering the refined input features. This score depicts the trustworthiness of IoT device under various parameters. The results obtained proves the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in comparison to the other existing schemes.
Mechanical Properties of Composite Aluminum Matrix Reinforced with Tungsten Carbide and Molybdenum Disulphide Hybrid Composite
Authors: S Giri .
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Metal matrix composites are formed by combination of two or more materials having dissimilar characteristics. In the present investigation, Aluminium (7075) is taken as base matrix metal, Tungsten Carbide particulate and Molybdenum Disulphide (MoS2) as reinforcements. The metal matrix composites are fabricated by stir-casting process. The Tungsten Carbide particulate was added in proportions of 1%, 1.5% and 2% and Molybdenum Disulphide was added in constant proportion of 1%, 1.5% and 2% on mass fraction basis to the molten metal. The different combination sets of composites were prepared. The different combination sets of composites were prepared. Mechanical properties like hardness and tensile strength were studied for both reinforced and unreinforced Al7075 samples. From the results, it was found that the hardness and tensile strength of the prepared metal matrix composites increases with increasing weight percentage of Tungsten Carbide
Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus and the Immunocompromised Child
Authors: Sharma Rashi
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium. Many antibiotics are tried in opposition to S. aureus infection but in the end they all fail because of the multidrug resistance in this bacterium. Staphylococcus aureus are also responsible for many infections like skin and shock syndrome. From that point forward Methicillin-safe Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSAMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) were extremely normal which causes nosocomial diseases. Microorganisms for the need of the endurance goes through mutational changes either in their chromosomal DNA/RNA which gives the obstruction. One of the popular models is the obstruction against methicillin in Staphylococcus aureus. Due to high morbidness and death rate antimicrobial resistance becomes very challenging. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) takes place when microscopic organisms like bacteria, virus, parasites swap over some period of time and they have no response to any medicines. This disease is difficult to treat and it causes the risk of death, different illnesses and also major infections. In this review paper, the difference between antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance, antibiotic resistance drugs, classification of multidrug resistance, mechanism of penicillin and methicillin in Staphylococcus aureus are going to be discussed. Due to their frequent contact with the healthcare system, requirement for empiric antimicrobials, and immunological dysfunction, children with immunocompromising diseases represent a special category for the acquisition of antimicrobial resistant infections. These infections are made more difficult by the relative dearth of information on the clinical characteristics and treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections in children with impaired immune systems. Review of the literature that is currently accessible on the clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and treatment of S. aureus infections in immunocompromised children. Children with HIV are more likely to develop S. aureus infections, which are linked to higher HIV viral loads and more severe CD4 T-cell suppression. Additionally, children with HIV frequently develop staphylococcal infections that show a multidrug resistant phenotype.
The Study on the Characteristics of Community-Based Youth Education: Focusing on ‘2021 Jeju Youth Architecture School’
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jeong Eun Jae , Beak Seung-heon
Published: August 2022

Objectives Community-centered youth education that develops the ability to solve problems in the local community is of great importance for the youth who must live in the era of the new normal after the pandemic. Therefore, this study intends to reveal how convergence thinking in architecture can play a role in the education of youth in the local community and what its limitations and possibilities are through a review of ‘2021 Jeju Youth Architecture School’.
Methods First, a theoretical review was conducted on community-centered youth education and architecture education, which were the theoretical backgrounds for the development of the Jeju Youth Architecture School program. Next, the characteristics of the proposed program (educational subject, curriculum, educational content, etc.) were considered. Finally, the limitations and possibilities of the program were considered through analysis and evaluation of the results of the youth architecture school.
Results As the educational goals of the program, ‘sociality’ to understand the social roles and responsibilities of architects, ‘creativity’ to understand how ideas are built into architectural spaces, and ‘locality’ to seek a role as a member of the community were shared. In order to realize the educational goals, the program could be divided into three stages: ‘value sharing, goal setting, suggestion and evaluation’. As a result of the evaluation, the architect's new role (sociality) and creative architectural alternatives (creativity) were highly evaluated for a clear social phenomenon called the corona pandemic. On the other hand, it could be revealed that the results of concerns about the region (locality) due to the rigidity caused by the corona were not relatively well evaluated.
Conclusions ‘2021 Jeju Youth Architecture School’ was able to reveal that it has the characteristics of community-centered youth architecture education, such as developing a cooperative system and developing educational goals and programs among various local actors. In addition, it was confirmed that education using local resources can contribute to the discovery and resolution of social problems and the expression of creativity among young people.
Characteristics Comparison according to the Level of Lectures Satisfaction of K-University Students During COVID-19
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Baek Seunghiey , Seol Soonuk
Published: August 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study were to estimate the latent classes of lectures satisfaction and the characteristics of variables on these latent profiles.
Methods To do this, correlation analysis and latent profile analysis were conducted to confirm the latent class and the characteristics of each class for the level of perception of lecture satisfaction for 327 K-university students in Chungnam.
Results As results, by using latent profile analysis, four distinct latent classes of student’s lectures satisfaction were found. These classes were named ‘high-level satisfaction group’, ‘intermediate-level satisfaction group’, ‘low-level satisfaction group’ and ‘lowest-level satisfaction group. Second, chi-square and one-way ANOVA analyses indicated that number of out-of-class interviews, effect ratio for video, listening to and reflecting student opinions, Induce questions in class, and understanding the level of students were significant factors.
Conclusions Based on the results of this study, policy measures to help increase lectures satisfaction were suggested.
Exploring the Experience of the Daycare Center Director's Role as a Mandatory Reporter for Child Abuse and Neglect
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Jung Eun , Ju Hyun-Jung , Kim Soon Young
Published: August 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions, actual responses, and demands of child care center directors as a mandatory reporter for child abuse and neglect.
Methods Six directors of child care center, which are legally obligated to report child abuse and neglect, were interviewed twice each. If it needs more information, one or two additional interviews were conducted by telephone or in person. A qualitative research method was used for analysis.
Results Directors’ perceptions about a mandatory reporter for child abuse and neglect were as follows: recognized as a role that (1) should be performed by obligation, (2) is accompanied by fear, (3) is troubled by a relationship, and (4) is a difference of position in the job. The actual response to the mandatory reporting of child abuse and neglect was classified into (1) observing and confirming more sensitively than an immediate report, (2) giving a direct or indirect warning rather than a report, (3) mediating conflicts related to the report, and (3) taking responsibility after careful reporting. To develop ability as a mandatory reporter for child abuse and neglect, directors’ demands were as follows: (1) improvement of education for directors obligated to report child abuse and neglect, (2) protection of reporting persons and daycare center, and (3) improvement of perspective on reporting of Child abuse and Neglect.
Conclusions The director of the daycare center recognized that there were things to consider as a director when taking on the role of a mandatory reporter to report child abuse and neglect. Therefore, rather than reporting immediately as specified in the actual law, they prioritized their own countermeasures. In addition, in order to fulfill the role of reporting duty as the director of child care center, various improvements were requested. The results of this study will provide basic data to understand the experience of the director of a daycare center as a person obligated to report child abuse, and will be helpful preparing an effective plan for the role of a report duty officer reflecting the characteristics.
Pelaksanaan Bimbingan Belajar sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Siswa dari Keluarga yang Memiliki Keterbatasan Waktu Bimbingan di Rumah
Authors: Agusna Rasi , Lukman Ibrahim  , Syifa Fadilla
Published: August 2022

This research aims to describe the implementation of tutoring as an effort to overcome the difficulties in learning of student of MTsN 2 Banda Aceh and MTsN 4 Banda Aceh with family that have limited time to guide children at home. It uses the method of case study of qualitative approach. Data were collected by interviewed and observational techniques and analyze by thematic techniques. Two students, one teacher and two parents of each school were interviewed. One class from each school also observed during the tutorials. The results show that the implementation of tutoring received a positive response from students by showing their enthesiastic in learning and solving problems. As the impact, they became be better able in solving mathematics problem and describe mathematical concepts without so depending from others. Mathematics teacher and parents also gave positive response for the tutorial. The implementation of the tutorial is effectively be one of the efforts to overcome learning difficulties for students who come from families with their parents have limited time to guide learning at home.
Melawan Intoleransi dan Ekstremisme Media Sosial: Inovasi Kampanye Moderasi Beragama Kanal Youtube Labpsa Tv
Authors: Aini Nurul , Aulia Isra , Zulfahmi
Published: August 2022

This study examines the strategy of LABSA TV as an innovative medium for fostering religious moderation in the community. This study is qualitative research that includes a detailed (descriptive) description of the modes and activities of LABPSA TV and the phenomena in the field. Data collection techniques used observations and interviews with activists and beneficiaries of LABSA TV content. This study found that LABPSA TV's strategy and innovation in the campaign of religious moderation among young people had a significant influence in presenting the theme of religious moderation in the public sphere in general and the young generation of Aceh in a more specific segment. With different slogans in brotherhood and brothers in differences, LABSA TV is here as a solution for young people to sow seeds to balance differences.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengkaji strategi LABPSA TV sebagai media inovasi dalam menumbuhkan moderasi beragama di kalangan masyarakat. Kajian Ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang mencakup gambaran rinci (deskriptif) tentang mode dan kegiatan LABPSA TV dan fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan wawancara dengan pegiat dan penerima manfaat konten LABPSA TV. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa strategi dan inovasi  LABSPA TV dalam kampanye moderasi beragama di kalangan anak muda memberi pengaruh yang cukup signifikan dalam menghadirkan tema moderasi beragama di ruang publik secara umum dan generasi muda Aceh dalam segmen yang lebih khusus. Dengan slogan berbeda dalam persaudaraan dan bersaudara dalam perbedaan, LABPSA TV hadir sebagai solusi untuk anak muda menebarkan benih-benih untuk menyeimbangkan perbedaan.
Modal Sosial Nelayan Pengguna Cantrang di Pantai Pelabuhan Perikanan Tangkap Kabupaten Batang Jawa Tengah
Authors: Situmeang Marini Kristina
Published: August 2022

This study aims to explore the forms of social capital that take place in fishing communities that use cantrang in the Capture Fisheries Area of Batang Regency. The method used is qualitative with an exploratory descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews, focus group discussion and literature studies. The results showed that in the aspect of socioeconomic networks, social networks of actors were formed consisting of subsistence fishermen, native fishermen, commercial fishermen, fishing boat crews, Fish Processing Entrepreneurs, Fish Contractors, smale-scale fish sellers, shipyards, fisheries shahbandars and the Fisheries Marine Service. In the aspect of bridging social capital, collaboration takes place among fishermen who use cantrang, fish entrepreneurs at TPI, food processing business actors, fellow crew members, shipyards, Ship Motorists, and fish sellers in markets and small basket fish sellers. In the aspect of linking social capital, social networks form participation during FGD, Advocacy, and Socialization related to capture fisheries activities together with the Regent, the Marine Fisheries Service, and HNSI.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi modal sosial yang berlangsung pada masyarakat nelayan pengguna cantrang di Wilayah Perikanan Tangkap Kabupaten Batang. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif eksploratif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, focus group discussion (FGD) dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada aspek jaringan sosial ekonomi terbentuk jaringan sosial aktor yang terdiri dari nelayan subsisten, nelayan asli, nelayan komersil/ Juragan kapal, nelayan ABK, Pengusaha Pengolahan Ikan, Pemborong ikan, penjual ikan bakul-bakul kecil, galangan kapal, syahbandar perikanan dan Dinas Kelautan Perikanan. Pada aspek bridging social capital, kolaborasi berlangsung di antara nelayan pengguna cantrang, pengusaha ikan di TPI, Pelaku usaha pengolahan makanan, sesama ABK, Galangan kapal beserta Motoris Kapal, penjual ikan di pasar dan penjual ikan bakul-bakul kecil. Pada aspek linking social capital, jaringan sosial membentuk partisipasi saat FGD, Advokasi, serta Sosialisasi yang berkenaan dengan aktivitas.
THE ROLE OF OMICS RESEARCH IN GERMPLASM CONSERVATION
Authors: Rukayadi Yaya
Published: August 2022

The word omics refers to a field of study in biological sciences that ends with -omics, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, or metabolomics. The ending -ome is used to address the objects of study of such fields, such as the genome, proteome, transcriptome, or metabolome, respectively. In relation to the conservation of germplasm, genomics-based plant germplasm research has been carried out and has been proven to be able to conserve germplasm. Recently, to conserve germplasm using only genomics-based plant germplasm research, it is felt to be incomplete, because not all genes can be expressed under certain conditions. For this reason, other omics such as proteomics and metabolomics play an important role in the conservation of germplasm. In this paper, the role of other omics research, especially metabolomics is described.
ETNOBOTANI MASAYARAKAT GAYO DI KECAMATAN BLANGKEJEREN KABUPATEN GAYO LUES DALAM PELAKSANAAN UPACARA ADAT
Authors: Andayani Dewi , Djufri Djufri , Wahyuni Tuti , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Nurmaliah Cut
Published: August 2022

Etnobotani merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari tentang tumbuhan yang digunakan manusia untuk keperluan sehari-hari dan pola pemikiran masyarakat terhadap sumber daya nabati yang ada di sekitar tempat tinggalnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis, kategori konservasi dan upaya konservasi tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan upacara adat masyarakat di Kecamatan Blangkejeren Kabupaten Gayo Lues. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian despriptif kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara dan survei ekploratif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahawa terdapat 23 spesies tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan upacara adat. Kategori konservasi tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai bahan upacara adat adalah resiko rendah (75%). Masyarakat melakukan kegiatan penanaman tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai bahan upacara adat di perkarangan rumah dan kebun sebagai upaya konservasi
KONSEP MERDEKA BELAJAR-KAMPUS MERDEKA (MBKM) : APLIKASINYA DALAM PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI
Authors: Marjan Fuadi Tuti
Published: August 2022

Kebijakan merdeka belajar menjadi suatu isu yang ramai didiskusikan didunia pendidikan, konsep yang menyuarakan adanya kemerdekaan dalam belajar ini dilakukan dalam upaya mempersiapkan mahasiswa lulusan perguruan tinggi baik negeri atau swasta agar dapat menghadapi perkembangan zaman serta perubahan yang terjadi sangat cepat. Konsep merdeka belajar berusaha untuk menyiapkan lulusan sebagai pemimpin masa depan yang lebih unggul dan berkepribadian. Program-program merdeka belajar sangat fleksibel sehingga diharapkan akan mampu menfasilitasi mahasiswa mengembangkan potensinya sesuai dengan passion dan bakatnya. Artikel ini akan melihat 1) 8 program merdeka belajar kampus merdeka (MBKM) yang tertuang di dalam Buku Panduan Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka terbitan Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Terbit tahun 2020); 2) Bentuk kegiatan pembelajaran di dalam Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Abulyatama, terutama pada TA 2019/2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 8 program merdeka belajar kampus merdeka antara lain; 1) pertukaran pelajar, 2) magang/praktik kerja, 3) mengajar diinstansi pendidikan, 4) proyek di desa, 5) penelitian/riset, 6) kegiatan kewirausahaan, 7) studi/proyek independent dan 8) proyek kemanusiaan. Pada Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Unaya telah menjalankan program pertukaran pelajar dengan Universitas Almuslim dan program asisten mengajar di instansi pendidikan serta program membangun desa/kuliah kerja nyata tematik.
ANALISIS TANGGAPAN SISWA SMP TERHADAP MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MACROMEDIA AUTHORWARE 7.0 PADA MATERI SISTEM PEREDARAN DARAH
Authors: Hanim Nafisah
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tanggapan siswa terhadap media pembelajaran berbasis Macromedia Authorware 7.0 pada materi sistem peredaran darah di SMPN 1 Indrapuri Aceh Besar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sampel digunakan 1 kelas, yaitu kelas VII1 yang berjumlah 31 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar angket tanggapan siswa dengan 10 aspek yang dinilai melalui google form. Analisis data menggunakan rumus persentase. Hasil analisis tanggapan siswa dari 10 aspek yang dinilai terhadap media pembelajaran Macromedia Authorware 7.0 sebagai media pembelajaran pada materi sistem peredaran darah yaitu 84% dengan kategori positif. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran Macromedia Authorware 7.0 dapat digunakan oleh guru dalam kegiatan pembelajaran.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA PADA MATERI KLASIFIKASI MAKHLUK HIDUP MELALUI PENERAPAN METODE PETA KONSEP (MIND MAP) PADA SISWA KELAS VII-2 MTsN 2 KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR
Authors: Hartini Suji
Published: August 2022

Permasalahan dari penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah bagaimana aktivitas siswa dan hasil belajar IPA Terpadu serta respon siswa pada pokok bahasan Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup melalui pendektan Peta Konsep di kelas VII-2 MTsN 2 Aceh Besar. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas siswa, mengetahui hasil belajar siswa, dan mengetahui respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran di kelas VII-2 MTsN 2 Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan menerapkan pendekatan Peta Konsep, dilakukan dalam 2 siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII-2 semester ganjil berjumlah 32 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, tes uji kompetensi, dan angket, selanjutnya data dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa aktivitas siswa meningkat untuk mengerjakan tugas-tugas, berpikir (berdiskusi), dan menjawab soal-soal secara berkemlompok. Rata-rata prosentase aktivitas siswa sebelum PTK 60,43% meningkat menjadi 72,92% pada siklus I dan 83,13% pada siklus II. Rata-rata ulangan harian sebelum tindakan 55,71 meningkat menjadi 68,64 pada siklus I dan 79,33 pada siklus II. Berdasarkan fakta tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa PTK dengan pendekatan peta konsep  meningkatkan minat dan hasil belajar IPA pada pokok bahasan Klasifikasi makhluk Hidup di MTsN 2 Kabupaten Aceh Besar.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU UNIT PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI BERDASARKAN KEANEKARAGAMAN LUMUT KERAK DI DANAU PICUNG KABUPATEN LEBONG
Authors: Anggraini Repani , Karyadi Bhakti , Yanuar Zukmadini Alif , Jumiarni Dewi , Rahman Abdul
Published: August 2022

Lumut kerak (lichens) merupakan simbiosis mutualisme yang terjadi antara jamur dengan alga. Kelompok tumbuhan ini memiliki fungsi sebagai indikator lingkungan alami di suatu daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman lichens di Danau Picung Kabupaten Lebong dan mengetahui hasil kelayakan Buku Unit Pembelajaran (BUP) yang terintegrasi riset materi jamur (fungi) kelas X SMA Negeri 3 Lebong. Objek penelitian ini yaitu  24 orang siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan model 4D yang dibatasi pada tiga tahap meliputi tahap define, design, dan develop. Teknik pengumpulan data lichens adalah teknik observasi dan teknik pengumpulan data kelayakan BUP menggunakan angket. Observasi lichens dilakukan di kawasan Danau Picung dengan metode garis transek. Uji kelayakan BUP dilakukan oleh validator ahli media, ahli materi, dan ahli praktisi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan 23 spesies lichens yang terdiri dari 1 divisi ascomycota, 5 kelas, dan 19 famili. BUP yang diintegrasikan dengan hasil riset lichens mendapatkan nilai sangat layak oleh validator (97,76%) dan layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar materi jamur (fungi) kelas X pada tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas.
ANALISIS RESPON ORANG TUA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR KELAS RENDAH DI 3 KECAMATAN KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Mulyana Mulyana , Yusran Yusran , Mariana Rosada Sari Erlina
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan hasil analisis respon orang tua mengenai pembelajaran jarak jauh yang berisikan kelebihan dan hambatan dari orang tua siswa kelas rendah. Informasi didapatkan dari hasil wawancara dan angket sebanyak 85 orang tua. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini merupakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) belum fit for purpose untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kelas Rendah khususnya pada 3 kecamatan Kota Banda Aceh (Baiturrahman, Kuta Alam, Ulee Kareng) karena banyaknya biaya yang ditimbulkan dari pada manfaat. Sistem Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh masih perlu di edukasikan kepada Guru, Siswa dan Orang tua Siswa agar dapat mewujudkan proses belajar mengajar yang efektif dan efisien.
EKSTRAK AIR BUNGA KENCANA UNGU (Ruellia simplex) SEBAGAI PEWARNAAN ALTERNATIF PREPARAT SEDIAAN APUSAN DARAH TEPI (SADT)
Authors: Nirmala Sari Ayu , Tazkiya Alifa , Mafira Yudi
Published: August 2022

Sediaan Apus Darah Tepi (SADT) merupakan apusan yang dibuat dari sel darah manusia dan kemudian diwarnai dalam pemeriksaan hematologi. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengamati berbagai unsur sel darah tepi seperti eritrosit, leukosit dan trombosit. Salah satu yang menjamin hasil dari pemeriksaan SADT antara lain yaitu dari kualitas pewarnaan yang digunakan. Pewarnaan yang biasa digunakan dalam pembuatan preparat apusan darah yaitu dengan menggunakan pewarnaan Giemsa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ekstrak dari bunga kencana ungu sebagai pewarnaan alternatif, karena bunga ini mengandung antosianin dalam jumlah yang cukup banyak. Pembuatan zat warna dari bunga kencana ungu dilakukan dengan metode ekstraksi air. Hasil pengamatan preparat SADT di bawah mikroskop menunjukkan bahwa zat warna dari ekstrak air kencana ungu hanya diserap oleh eritrosit, sedangkan untuk leukosit dan trombosit tidak menyerap warna dengan baik, sehingga kurang terlihat jelas saat diamati. SADT yang menggunakan pewarnaan Giemsa menunjukkan hasil gambar dimana leukosit, eritrosit dan trombositnya terlihat dengan begitu jelas. Hal ini dikarenakan pewarna Giemsa memiliki sifat pewarna kation (basa) azure B, yang mana ini berfungsi untuk mewarnai trombosit dan memberikan warna biru-ungu pada nukleoprotein, granula basofil dan granula neutrophil. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak air bunga kencana ungu hanya dapat digunakan sebagai pewarnaan alternatif untuk pengamatan sel darah merah (eritrosit).