bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging Lipid-based Carriers for Systematic Utilization in the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences: A Review
Authors: Kendre Prakash N. , Kayande Dhiraj R. , Pote Ajinkya K. , Kanthale Sanagmeshwar B. , Prajapati Bhupendra G. , Kendre Yuvraj , Jain Shirish
Published: January 2024

Emerging lipid-based carriers are revolutionizing drug delivery in the pharmaceutical and biomedical
sciences. These innovative carriers harness the unique properties of lipids to improve the solubility,
stability, and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents, ushering in a new era of precision medicine. Lipid-
based carriers, such as liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, and solid lipid nanoparticles, offer several advantages.
They can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, enabling the delivery of a wide
range of compounds. Additionally, lipids are biocompatible and biodegradable, minimizing the risk of
toxicity. Their ability to mimic cell membranes allows for enhanced cellular uptake and controlled release,
optimizing drug efficacy while minimizing side effects. Furthermore, lipid-based carriers are ideal
for delivering drugs to specific sites within the body. By modifying the lipid composition, surface charge,
and size, researchers can tailor these carriers to target tumours, inflamed tissues, or specific cells, improving
therapeutic outcomes and reducing systemic toxicity. In summary, emerging lipid-based carriers are
poised to transform pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences by addressing critical challenges in drug
delivery. These carriers enhance drug stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery, offering the potential
to revolutionize the treatment of various diseases and improve patient outcomes. As research in this
field continues to advance, we can expect even more sophisticated lipid-based carrier systems to emerge,
further expanding the possibilities for precision medicine. This review focuses on the contribution of lipid
carriers in the pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences.
The Application of Music Therapy in Children with Autism
Authors: Liu Peijin , Huang Shigao
Published: January 2024

Autism rehabilitation is a global public health issue. Given the urgency and importance
of promoting therapeutic interventions for autism, research into the rehabilitation
of children with autism has swiftly become a focal point across medical, psychological,
and educational circles. Clinical observations suggest that most children with autism
demonstrate a heightened sensitivity to music compared to the general population, rendering
music a novel therapeutic intervention. Decades of research into music therapy and
autism have primarily focused on enhancing children's emotional state, communication
skills, cognitive abilities, and behavioral imitation interaction. However, due to a lack of
systematic theoretical expertise and interdisciplinary integration, there is currently no effective
treatment method for autism. This review uses the piano as an example, summarizing
the intervention methods of music games for children with autism, exploring new avenues
and educational methods for rehabilitation, and outlining the feasibility of improving
music therapy measures. This is a narrative review based on the relevant literature from
PubMed and Google Scholar databases between 2000 to 2022. This work aims to encourage
the broader application of music therapy among individuals with autism to aid their
rehabilitation and integration into mainstream society.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Generated Health Counseling For
Mental Illness Patients
Authors: M Shankar Ganesh , N Venkateswaramurthy
Published: January 2024

Background:

Mental illness remains a global public health concern, affecting
millions of individuals worldwide. However, barriers such as limited access to mental
healthcare, stigma, and resource constraints hinder effective interventions and treatment.
The fourth industrial age, marked by the integration of artificial intelligence technologies,
offers innovative solutions to revolutionize mental health counseling and support.

Method:

This review explores the challenges faced in traditional mental healthcare and
proposes the integration of AI-generated health counseling as a transformative approach.
AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants present accessible, cost-effective alternatives
that overcome geographical barriers and combat stigma. These chatbots employ natural
language processing and machine learning to engage users in personalized and interactive
conversations. Chatbots also offer continuous support, psychoeducation, and coping strategies.
Virtual Reality Therapy leverages AI to create realistic simulations for exposure therapy,
proving effective in treating anxiety disorders and PTSD. AI-driven voice assistants
and virtual coaches enhance mental health counseling by delivering behavioral therapy and
improving symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Results:

They enhance accessibility, provide 24/7 support, and reduce stigma, offering
personalized support tailored to individual needs. Integrating AI-generated health counseling
in mental healthcare can bridge treatment gaps, improve accessibility, and strengthen
the patient-provider relationship.

Conclusion:

AI serves as a valuable supplement, working collaboratively with human
therapists to provide comprehensive care. Embracing AI technologies responsibly holds
promise for the future of mental health counseling and offers transformative possibilities to
address the global burden of mental illness.
High-performance Electrode Material Ni(OH)2 for Supercapacitors in View of Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Kimothi Sanjeev , Ahmad Waseem , Gautam Alok Sagar , Singh Surendra Pratap , Kumar Roopesh , Yusuf Mohd.
Published: January 2024

Storage and conversion technologies are being developed in response to
the extreme need to find renewable energy alternatives and reduce reliance on fossil
fuels. This problem is being driven by the accelerated growth of the world economy,
a high level of fossil fuel consumption, and rising serious environmental pollution. A
lot of people are interested in supercapacitors due to their unique physical and chemical
properties like eco-friendly nature, long life and high energy. It acts as a bridge
between conventional capacitors, which have high power, and fuel cells/batteries,
bridging the energy-power gap (having high energy storage). It is evident that there
are various research initiatives to address this, and supercapacitor basic and practical
research has moved quickly. Here is a quick description of nickel hydroxide
(Ni(OH)2) based materials used to create supercapacitors, including its technology
and workings. The present review article highlights the importance of Ni(OH)2 as an
important source of material for the development of supercapcitor for energy storage
purposes. Ni(OH)2 has been synthesised using a variety of processes, which have all
been thoroughly studied. Also discussed in detail are the improvements in Ni(OH)2
electrochemical performance.
A Flexible Reference Array Electrode Technique for In Situ Imaging the Corrosion of Q235 Carbon Steel Welded Joints
Authors: Zuo Juan , Ma Lu , Chen Ajiao , Lin Liwen , Lin Changjian , Zhang Houan
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Localized corrosion in welds has always been a very common
and difficult problem in many industrial fields. Preferential corrosion usually
occurs in the weld zones with irregular shapes of metal welds due to the welding process.

Methods:

To address the challenge of monitoring corrosion behavior at the weld zone
in real-time, a novel Ag/AgCl flexible array, arranged in a 4×8 electrode configuration,
has been developed. This array is employed for in situ monitoring of the corrosion
process in Q235 steel welded joints (including single butt welds, double butt
welds, and fillet welds) immersed in a 0.01 mol/L NaCl solution with a pH of 9. The
measurement is conducted using a custom-made array electrode signal test system.

Results:

The results demonstrate that the prepared electrode exhibits a highly responsive
behavior to chlorine ions from 0.001 to 0.1 mol/L concentration and maintains
excellent stability during 4000s. The weld zone shows higher corrosion activity and
trends to generate pitting corrosion for all three welded joints in the first 15 min. With
the increase of time, micro pitting corrosion dissolves and expands to macro point
corrosion in the next 30 min.

Conclusion:

The flexible reference array electrode proves to be a powerful tool for
the in situ monitoring of carbon steel corrosion, offering a comprehensive depiction
of the steel's corrosion status over time. Such insights are crucial for making accurate
corrosion predictions and conducting service life evaluations of steel structures.
Nutraceuticals Health Benefits in Cancer
Authors: Saha Sunam , Kumar Shivendra , Sharma Bhawna , Mishra Shuchita , Singh Shubham , Chaturvedi Arun Kumar , Patel Ravindra , Agrawal Mohit
Published: January 2024

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with multiple pathological components.
Genetic abnormalities, infection or inflammation, poor diet, radiation exposure, work
stress, and/or ingestion of toxic substances have all been associated with cancer development and
progression. Early detection and treatment of cancer have been shown to increase the chances of
survival and recovery and reduce the side effects of anticancer drugs. Anticancer drugs continue to
cause negative side effects that negate treatment benefits in terms of hospitalization and survival.
Many naturally occurring bioactive compounds are shown to have anticancer properties. That is,
they can eliminate altered and cancer cells without harming their healthy counterparts. In particular,
the following activities have been reported to support nutrition during cancer treatment: cell growth
inhibition, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and minimized negative effects due to
natural antioxidants. Keeping the side effects minimum helps patients adhere to anticancer therapy.
Among currently available anticancer agents, dietary supplementation can be considered in conjunction
with current chemotherapy to improve response and compliance in cancer patients. However, it
should be noted that before discussing data from studies on bioactive plant supplements, it is important
to ensure that the tests were performed according to protocol.
Managing Postharvest Losses of Vegetables and Fruits: A Methodological
Review
Authors: De Sourav , Banerjee Subhasis , Banerjee Sabyasachi
Published: January 2024

Vegetables and fruits are highly perishable agricultural commodities cultivated all
over the world. However, inadequate handling practices have led to significant postharvest losses
of these agricultural commodities, as well as the wastage of valuable resources, such as time
and money. Hence, it can be observed that cultivators often experience significant financial setbacks
as a result of inadequate comprehension regarding the nature and origins of these losses,
insufficient preservation practices, and ineffective approaches to transportation and marketing.
In addition, the utilization of suitable chemical agents during both the pre- and postharvest
phases has the potential to prolong the shelf life of agricultural products. This preservation technique
safeguards vegetables and fruits from pathogenic organisms and other forms of environmental
harm, thereby enabling their availability for an extended duration. Therefore, this review
proposes a methodology for managing fruits and vegetables postharvest to minimize losses and
optimize returns.
Enhancement of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Growth and Yield Attributes in a Subtropical Humid Climate through Treated Ganga Sludge-based Organic Fertilizers
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya , Sharma Nidhi , Gautam Ajay Kumar , Arya Vedpriya , Khelwade Vikram
Published: January 2024

Background:

Sewage sludge is a by-product of urbanization that poses environmental
and health challenges. However, it can also be a valuable source of organic matter and nutrients
for agriculture.

Method:

This study aimed to assess the potential of five types of organic fertilizers derived from
treated Ganga sludge on the growth of wheat plants. The Patanjali Organic Research Institute
has developed five types of granulated organic fertilizer from the stabilized Ganga sludge.

Results:

The results showed that the organic fertilizers significantly improved the wheat performance
in terms of plant height, biomass accumulation, chlorophyll content, leaf area and other
yield parameters. Furthermore, the fertilizers ameliorated soil physicochemical attributes and
augmented the availability of macro- and micronutrients. Importantly, levels of heavy metals in
soil and wheat grains remained within permissible limits, affirming the safety and appropriateness
of these fertilizers for wheat cultivation.

Conclusion:

This study underscores the efficient utilization of treated Ganga sludge as a valuable
organic fertilizer source, proposing a sustainable and ecologically sound approach for sewage
sludge management and enhancement of agricultural productivity.
Tao of being human in Nguyen Dinh Chieu's thought
Authors: Trang Nguyen Thanh Thuy
Published: January 2024

Nguyen Dinh Chieu (1822 - 1888) was one of the great thinkers of Vietnam at the end of the 19th century. In the thoughts he left behind, the concept of human morality is an extremely profound and exemplary content. The Tao of being human in Nguyen Dinh Chieu's thought can be conceptualized into main contents as follows: ideas of patriotism, love for the people and deep hatred of the enemy; loyalty - filial piety; a love-hate life attitude that is clear-cut and timely; establish virtue, do good deeds and be useful to the world.
Ecological and histological investigation of species complex Diaporthe eres on Fraxinus excelsior seed from Montenegro
Authors: Vemić Aleksandar
Published: January 2024

Investigation of different seed diseases of common ash has great significance due to occurrence of ash dieback across Europe caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus Baral, Queloz and Hosoya (T.Kowalski) and still not completely defined strategies about regeneration of this species. Species complex Diaporthe eres are familiar pathogens of common ash. During the monitoring of health condition of common ash in Montenegro Diaporthe eres was frequently isolated from common ash seeds. The aim of this research was to investigate temperature conditions that contribute to the growth of Diaporthe eres strains from Montenegro in infected seeds and histological characteristics of Diaporthe eres spread in seeds. Growth of Diaporthe eres pure cultures on tested temperatures showed the fastest growth on 25°C and the absence of growth on 35°C. Mechanical damage did not significantly contribute to occurrence of infection. Microscopic examination of heavy infected seeds showed that hyphae of D.eres were visible on outer parts of seed spreading inside the core. In this research we investigated some basic bio ecological characteristics of D. eres associated with decline of F. excelsior seed in Montenegro.
Growth performances of seed sources in a progeny trial of Pinus brutia Ten.
Authors: Bilir Nebi , Ozbey Alper Ahmet
Published: January 2024

Progeny trial is a scientific plantation established for different forestry purposes such as selection and establishment of seed sources. Tree height and diameter at breast height were examined in a 23-year-old progeny trial established by seedlings of five seed orchard populations and five seed stand populations which were mother/base populations of the orchards in Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) to compare the seed sources for the traits in this study. Trees of seed orchard populations showed higher growth performances than that of seed stand populations for the traits. Most of the seed stand populations had higher tree height than their seed orchard populations opposite to diameter at breast height. While seed sources were similar (p>0.05), populations showed significant (p<0.05) differences for both traits according to results of analyses of variance. Tree height was more homogenous than diameter at breast based on Duncan’s multiple range tests and coefficients of variations. Positive and significant correlation (p<0.05) was found between the traits in both seed stand populations and seed orchard populations.
Potential of new planting container in Quercus robur seedlings production – first report
Authors: Mijatovic Ljubica , Pavlović Slavko , Jović Lidija , Devetaković Jovana , Vilotić Dragica
Published: January 2024

Container production of forest seedlings needs constant improvement, so in the aim to test the new container type this research was conducted. Quercus robur seedlings were produced in the container made of natron paper and compared  with seedlings produced in commonly used container types in Serbia. Q. robur seeds were sown in the first week of November 2020 in a total of 30 containers (10 of each type). After the first growing season in the nursery, on November 2021, seedlings’ morphological parameters (root collar diameter - RCD, height - H, dry weight of shoot (SDW) and root (RDW), seedling dry weight (SLDW), shoot to root ratio (S:R), sturdiness coefficient (SQ), dry weight of lateral roots (LRDW), percent of lateral roots (%LR), Dickson’s quality index (QI), root-bound index (RBI) as RBI-diameter and RBI-volume, and rooting intensity (ROIN)) were compared using one-way ANOVA. Seedlings produced in the new container showed better morphological parameters such as H, SQ, SDW, RDW, SLDW, LRDW, QI and ROIN. Differences of seedlings from different containers were not detected for H, RCD, SQ, SDW, %LR, RBI-diameter, so we can conclude that seedlings produced in the new container type are similar with other container seedlings. Larger volume of these cells indicate use for Quercus species which have strong roots. Results obtained from the nursery promote use of the new container in forest seedlings production and testing at the field.
Questions about toppling of pine seedlings
Authors: South David B.
Published: January 2024

When soil is moist and wind is at a gale force, the term used to describe blow down of old trees is windthrow. In contrast, toppling is a term used when planted pines lean more than 15° during the first decade after transplanting. Pines tend to topple more than other conifers and fast-growing species topple more than slow growing genotypes. Large areas of pine plantations have toppled before age 8 years. This paper describes some toppling events that have occurred in 18 countries and includes 16 questions about toppling.
Responses at the stand and tree level to ice storm injuries in beech forests in eastern Serbia
Authors: Kanjevac Branko , Račić Miloš , Dobrosavljević Jovan , Martać Nikola
Published: January 2024

The paper presents the study on the condition and structural stability of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands after the 2014 ice storm disturbance. The research was conducted in three pure beech stands on the Rtanj mountain in eastern Serbia. The stand condition after the ice storm was analyzed using changes in taxation elements. The assessment of tree damage was done according to the ICP Forests methodology, while the structural stability of the stands and individual trees was analyzed using the slenderness coefficient. The obtained results indicate very heterogeneous responses of beech stands to the negative impact of the ice storm. Heterogeneity is not only expressed between stands but also within individual stands. The stands after the ice storm are characterized by significantly reduced values of production indicators, but also by satisfactory stability, considering that the trees from the understory suffered the most. Statistically significant differences in the stability of trees of different dimensions expressed through the slenderness coefficient were determined. Consequently, the stands have maintained an appropriate level of stability thanks to the survival and resistance of the dominant trees that are the bearers of functions in these stands (trees with dbh > 40 cm). This indicates the great potential of silvicultural treatments that can increase the stability and resistance of stands in areas with a high risk of such phenomena. In addition, repressive action in the form of salvage logging has a very important role with the aim of ensuring the continuity of stands after damage has occurred.
Effects of Eucalyptus species on soil physicochemical properties in Ruhande Arboretum, Rwanda
Authors: Niyompuhwe Olivier , Jabiro Charbel Maklouf , Mugunga Canisius Patrick
Published: January 2024

This study combines research on soil physical and chemical properties as affected by four Eucalyptus species in Ruhande arboretum. The soil samples for research properties were taken from 0-20 cm depth using auger and one undisturbed core from each sampling unit was taken for the analysis of soil bulk density. Soil bulk density and moisture did not differ significantly between all treatments. Sand proportions differed significantly only between E. tereticornis and E. maidenii whereas silt and clay were non-significant. The soil under Eucalyptus was sandy, with sand proportion ranging from 66.4-71%. Bulk density increased with increasing sand whereas moisture content showed a reverse trend. The soil samples for studying chemical properties were taken as described in Nsabimana et al. 2008. All chemical parameters except base saturation differed significantly between treatments. Soil pH was strongly acidic but rich in total nitrogen and organic carbon which was attributed to higher litter production, its relatively faster rate of decomposition, and greater amount of residues produced by the eucalypts. Carbon/nitrogen ratio, CEC, and BS were high under all treatments while the available phosphorus was lower which was attributed to the low pH. Future studies should test if the species similarly affect the soil or not and confirm if the species increase soil nutrients. Benchmarked study sites should be used to enable differences in the species effects on the site if any.
Risk Factors and Potential Economic Losses Associated with Stunting in Toddlers in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency
Authors: Rahmiwati Anita , Ahmad Rivai
Published: January 2024

Stunting, a chronic condition arising due to nutritional deficiencies during pre- and postpartum periods, is a significant public health issue in Indonesia, with a nationwide prevalence of approximately 29.6% and about 22.6% in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. This research aimed to identify the risk factors associated with stunting in toddlers aged 12-35 months and calculate the economic losses incurred by this condition. To achieve this, a cross-sectional design was employed. The population in this study were toddlers aged 12-35 months in Pedamaran sub-district, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. A sample of 77 toddlers were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires, and calculations based on the Konig 1995 and Horton 1999 formulas were used to analyze the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita. The research found a stunting prevalence rate of 51.9% in toddlers. Additionally, dietary diversity emerged as a significant factor related to stunting (p-value of 0.0001) and was identified as the most dominant factor. In contrast, economic status, toddler participation, and history of infectious diseases were not significantly related to stunting (p-value > α). The estimated potential economic losses incurred by stunting amounted to IDR 170 billion and IDR 765 billion, respectively, or 0.67%-3.03% of OKI’s GRDP, resulting from a 2% and 9% decrease in productivity. Hence, this research suggests that food consumption diversity is the most dominant factor significantly related to stunting in toddlers in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency.
Equality Strategy for Reducing Stunting Prevalence Rate: Case Study of DKI Jakarta Province
Authors: Taufiqurokhman Taufiqurokhman
Published: January 2024

This research aims to explore strategies for reducing the stunting prevalence rate in DKI Jakarta Province, which has reached 14.8 percent. The stunting rate is a problem because the DKI Jakarta governor's target for 2024 is to hope that the stunting rate will be more evenly distributed to reach the national target of 14 percent. The research hypothesis is how the DKI Jakarta Province's stunting prevalence rate will be evenly distributed throughout the region. The highest figure was in Seribu Islands Regency, around 20.50 percent; the lowest was in South Jakarta, around 11.90 percent; and the cities of East Jakarta and Central Jakarta were 14 percent. The research methodology uses qualitative methods with descriptive research design. Research data was taken from interviews in the field. By taking a population of stunting participants from four regions in DKI Jakarta, 20 people each, so the total sample is 100 people. The research results show that the two decisions of the Governor of DKI Jakarta, Number 981 and 774 of 2022, have been effective and right on target in overcoming the reduction in the prevalence of stunting rates. It's just that a more equitable strategy for reducing stunting prevalence rates is needed relatively evenly throughout the DKI Jakarta area. In conclusion, DKI Jakarta Province has reduced the stunting prevalence by 14.8 percent. A comprehensive strategy is needed to reduce the prevalence of stunting evenly, namely: (1) making a Regional Regulation for the DKI Jakarta Province regarding stunting; (2) increasing the number of Foster Fathers for Stunting Children (BAAS) from entrepreneurs and other stakeholders so that the stunting reduction strategy reaches the target of 14 percent evenly.
Building Pandemic-Resilient Primary Care Systems: Lessons Learned From COVID-19
Authors: Jeong Yejin , Crowell Trevor , Devon-Sand Anna , Sakata Theadora , Sattler Amelia , Shah Shreya , Tsai Timothy , Lin Steven
Published: January 2024

On January 30, 2023, the Biden Administration announced its intention to end the existing COVID-19 public health emergency declaration. The transition to a “postpandemic” landscape presents a unique opportunity to sustain and strengthen pandemic-era changes in care delivery. With this in mind, we present 3 critical lessons learned from a primary care perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic. First, clinical workflows must support both in-person and internet-based care delivery. Second, the integration of asynchronous care delivery is critical. Third, planning for the future means planning for everyone, including those with potentially limited access to health care due to barriers in technology and communication. While these lessons are neither unique to primary care settings nor all-encompassing, they establish a grounded foundation on which to construct higher-quality, more resilient, and more equitable health systems.
Toxic Relationships Described by People With Breast Cancer on Reddit: Topic Modeling Study
Authors: Davidson Cara Anne , Booth Richard , Jackson Kimberley Teresa , Mantler Tara
Published: January 2024

Background

Social support is essential to promoting optimal health outcomes for women with breast cancer. However, an estimated 12% of women with breast cancer simultaneously experience intimate partner violence (IPV; physical, psychological, or sexual abuse by an intimate partner). Women who experience IPV during breast cancer may lack traditional social support, and thus seek out alternative sources of support. Online community forums, such as Reddit, can provide accessible social connections within breast cancer–specific communities. However, it is largely unknown how women with breast cancer use Reddit to describe and seek support for experiences of IPV.

Objective

This study aims to explore how patients with breast cancer describe toxic relationships with their partners and immediate family members on Reddit.

Methods

This exploratory, cross-sectional, topic-modeling study analyzed textual data from 96 users in the r/breastcancer subreddit in February 2023. The meaning extraction method, inclusive of principal component analysis, was used to identify underlying components. Components were subjected to sentiment analysis and summative content analysis with emergent categorical development to articulate themes.

Results

Seven themes emerged related to toxic relationships: (1) contextualizing storytelling with lymph nodes, (2) toxic behavior and venting emotions, (3) abandonment and abuse following diagnosis, (4) toxic relationships and social-related fears, (5) inner strength and navigating breast cancer over time, (6) assessing social relationships and interactions, and (7) community advice and support. Toxic relationships were commonly characterized by isolation, abandonment, and emotional abuse, which had profound emotional consequences for patients. Reddit facilitated anonymous venting about toxic relationships that helped patients cope with intense feelings and stress. Exchanging advice and support about navigating toxic relationships during breast cancer were core functions of the r/breastcancer community.

Conclusions

Findings emphasized the value of Reddit as a source of social support for patients with breast cancer experiencing toxic relationships. Clinicians who understand that many patients with breast cancer experience toxic relationships and considerable psychological sequelae are better prepared to support their patients’ holistic well-being. Further investigation of Reddit as a possible resource for advice, information, and support has the potential to help inform clinical practice and subsequently, patient health outcomes.
Wildlife migration corridors from the Community Forest of Nafadji to the Boucle du Baoulé Biosphere Reserve
Authors: Diallo Hady , Ousmane Coulibaly , Maiga Yacouba , Poudiougo Aly
Published: January 2024

Mali still has natural relics rich in fauna such as that of the Nafadji forest. The study aims to analyze the link between wildlife species and their habitat and to identify the migration corridors they follow. Kings' method was used to inventory the wildlife. The layout of the corridors was carried out both by visual observation of the wildlife and their signs of presence. A survey was carried out among the populations and the technical services to understand the movements of the fauna and the difficulties of management. A total of 366 individuals divided between 14 species, 10 families and 5 orders have been identified. The indirect gradient analysis applied to the matrix of 224 observations x 14 faunal species to understand the relationship between species and their habitats discriminated 4 groups: G1 consisting of Mellivora capenssis, Hystrix cristata, Papio anubis, Orycteropus afer, Tragélaphus scriptus, G2 including Erythrocebus patas, Redunca redunca, Sylvicapra grimmia, Phacochoerus aethiopicus, G3 represented Canis adustus, Gazella dorcas, Hippotragus equinus and G4 with Hyena hyena, Viverra civetta, Papio anubis. The analysis reveals that habitat and food factors condition the distribution of wildlife and their migration along the corridors. Controlling these factors is therefore essential for the effective management of wildlife and their habitat. The involvement of the Nafadji alone is not enough to ensure the protection of wildlife, but it will require close collaboration with the communities and all stakeholders in the forest and along the corridors.
Участие молодежи и комсомольцев во Всесоюзной ударной комсомольской стройке (на примере строительства Сарпинской оросительно-обводнительной системы)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Okonov Baatr A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Carrying out irrigation works in the arid climate of the Kalmyk ASSR was of great importance. A special place in the complex of technical measures to improve the efficiency of the use of water and land resources was occupied by the construction of irrigation systems in the Sarpinsk lowland of the Kalmyk ASSR. An important factor that influenced the acceleration of the pace of construction of this facility was the announcement of the construction of the second stage of irrigation systems in the Sarpinsk lowland by the All-Union Komsomol Shock Construction Site. Subsequently, the irrigated facilities built provided an opportunity for the development of a new industry in the republic ⸺ rice growing. The purpose of this article is to study the history of the participation of Komsomol members and youth in the All-Union shock construction on the example of the construction of the Sarpa irrigation system and the contribution of youth to the socio-economic development of the republic. The research was conducted on archival and published materials of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. The analysis of archival materials was carried out on the principles of science, objectivity and historicism, which made it possible to explore the studied problem in its development and relationship with the prevailing concrete historical circumstances, as well as based on facts and taking into account both negative and positive phenomena. Results. The features of the construction of the Sarpa irrigation system are considered. It is shown that builders and meliorators prematurely commissioned the construction and water management facilities of the Sarpa irrigation system. The patronage of the Komsomol over the All-Union Komsomol shock construction site of the Sarpa Irrigation System had a positive impact on the organization of labor, accelerating the commissioning of construction facilities, increasing labor productivity and solving cultural and everyday issues.
Заимствованная буддийская лексика бурятского языка в историко-лингвистическом освещении
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University (24a, Smolin St., 670000 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Kharanutova Darima Sh. , Budazhapova Larisa B. , Baikalov Nikolay S.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to Buddhist terms, which represent a significant layer in the lexical system of the Buryat language. The borrowed Buddhist vocabulary of the Buryat language is the result of the enteringprocessof Buddhist terms into the Buryat language taken place over centuries. It was not stable, it, like any process, had periods of decline and activity. Of course, borrowing of Buddhist terms is a consequence of the development of Buddhist ideas. The main purpose of the study is to describe the features of borrowed Buddhist terms, which are the result of an inextricable connection between the process of their appearing in the Buryat language and the history of Buddhism popularization among the Mongolian–speaking peoples. The objectives of the study include: 1) justification of intensification periods of entering the Buddhist terms into the lexicological system of the Buryat language against a historical background; 2) a brief historical and linguistic description of periods of the mass appearance of the Buddhist terms; 3) identification of the peculiarities of the semantics of individual borrowings belonging to different periods of borrowing and different donor languages. Results. Based on the historical and linguistic facts, the authors justify the validity of the allocation of periods of appearing of Buddhist terms associated with periods of intensive development of Buddhism. The study showed that in the first period of borrowing Buddhist terms of the Buryat language, their guides were the Sogdian and Uighur languages: from Sanskrit and Tibetan they fell into Sogdian, then into Uighur. It was only after Uighur that they appeared in the Mongolian languages through the old-written Mongolian language. In the second period, Buddhist terms came directly from the Tibetan language to the Buryat language, in some cases the Mongolian language was the intermediary. The third period of intensification of the appearance of Buddhist terms is characterized by the revival of previously borrowed words. The authors conclude that the features of Buddhist terms depend on the donor language, while the roads along which they came to the Buryat language also play an important role: directly or through an intermediary language, orally or in writing.
Статистический анализ численности обучающихся в системе среднего профессионального образования в Республике Калмыкия
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Badmaeva Nogan V.
Published: January 2024

The article provides a statistical analysis of the number of students in the secondary vocational education system in the Republic of Kalmykia. The purpose of this article is to analyze possible changes in the imbalance in the labor market and the market for educational services in the republic. Materials and methods. When analyzing the number of students in secondary specialized institutions of Kalmykia, statistical data were used, as well as information on the number of students provided at the request of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Results. The analysis showed that the prestige of secondary vocational education is growing in the country and the regions. The implementation of federal programs and projects allows us to coordinate modern demands of the labor market and educational directions of higher and secondary vocational educational institutions. The number of students studying in secondary vocational institutions is increasing every year, while the number of students studying in universities is decreasing. This trend is typical both for the country as a whole and for the regions represented, although, nevertheless, the prestige of education in Kalmykia is high: both higher and secondary vocational. The analysis of data on the number of students in secondary vocational education institutions over 5 years has showed positive dynamics. In conclusion, it was drawn that the current trend of reorienting modern youth to receive secondary vocational education can have a positive impact on the relationship between the market for educational services and the labor market of the republic.
Археологические коллекции, сформированные по результатам раскопок на территории Калмыкии, как источник по истории раннего железного века
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Kekeev Erdni A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Archaeological collections of the Early Iron Age, formed by the results of excavations on the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia, are currently stored in museums in Russia: The National Museum of the Republic of Kalmykia named after N. N. Palmov (Elista), the Saratov Regional Museum of Local Lore (Saratov), the State Historical Museum (Moscow), as well as in several public museums of Kalmykia. Goals. The purpose of the article is to analyze archaeological collections from the monuments of the Republic of Kalmykia as a source in the history of the Early Iron Age. The progress of the work. The analysis was carried out, during which the finds of the Early Iron Age were considered by origin, material of manufacture, categories of inventory, use in museum exhibitions, and the degree of their introduction into scientific circulation. Results. It has been established that the funds of these museums contain almost 1,500 units of horseradish, which originate from funerary monuments. The study of the distribution of finds by material of manufacture showed that most of the objects are made of clay — 37.4%, bronze — 19.5% and iron — 18.1%, Objects of this period can be divided into three main categories of funeral equipment: tableware (mainly clay, less often metal), weapons and elements of horse harness, personal objects and decorations. An analysis of the relevance of the studied objects of the Early Iron Age showed that finds from Kalmykia are rarely used in museum and exhibition work and are part of the permanent exhibition only in the National Museum of the Republic of Kalmykia.
Посольские книги по связям России с Калмыцким ханством второй половины XVII в.
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (8, Ilishkin str., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Tepkeev Vladimir T.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the valuable, prepared for publication, material on the history of Russian-Kalmyk relations of the XVII century that includes: three embassy books on Russia’s relations with the Kalmyk Khanate of the second half of the XVII century, which include the texts of the “departure” and “arrival” of Russian and Kalmyk envoys, “article lists” of boyars and Astrakhan voivodes, as well as the texts of the authentic “oath of allegiance records” of 1677 and 1684, given by the Kalmyk Taishis led by Ayuka and Solom Tseren. The purpose of the study is to introduce new sources on the history of Russian-Kalmyk relations of the XVII century into scientific circulation. The main materials for this work were the embassy books extracted from the fund No. 119 (“Kalmyk affairs”) of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Results. The article publishes a summary of three embassy books out of seven existing on the history of Russian-Kalmyk relations of the XVII century, as well as a brief historical overview of the events set out in the documents. Conclusions. The introduction of a significant layer of new Russian archival materials into scientific circulation will allow us to present a more complete and consistent picture of the events of political interaction between the Russian state and the Kalmyks in the XVII century. The documents of the collection help to understand not only the nature of the difficult Russian-Kalmyk relations in the 1670s-1680s, but also to get acquainted with the harsh conditions and realities of a rather difficult time in the south of the Moscow state.
Белагаш — новый памятник кыпчакского времени в Центральном Казахстане
Authors:   Karaganda Buketov University (28, Universitetskaya St., 100024 Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan), Kukushkin Alexey I. , Maken Adil B. , Dmitriev Evgeniy A. , Shokhatayev Olzhas S.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Despite the long history of archaeological research in Central Kazakhstan, many aspects of culture inherent to its medieval nomadic population remain understudied. So, the ninety-year-long excavations of eighth-to-twelfth century sites have shaped certain ideas about the latter primarily on the basis of statuary objects and thirteen sanctuary-type facilities with varying structural patterns. Funeral rites can be traced only in one attributed burial discovered in cultural layers of the Bronze Age settlement of Kent. Goals. The study attempts a complete historical summary of investigations into eighth-to-twelfth century sites across Central Kazakhstan, and introduces into scientific circulation some newly discovered material from the site of Belagash. Materials and methods. All the studied objects of Belagash are rather similar graveside structures in the form of unsodded stone mounds sized 2–3 to 13 m. Unfortunately, facilities nos. 1–3 were looted and have yielded only scarce finds that provide insufficient data for any reconstruction of rituals. And since such graveside structures can to some extent be traced in both Early Iron Age and medieval monuments, the question of their dating shall be left open for the time being. Results. Facility no. 4 is of utmost interest. Its formal typological features attest to it may cluster with eighth/ninth-to-eleventh century sites. It was containing some scattered horse remains accompanied by an iron stirrup, a buckle, a bronze belt tip, and an appliqué plaque. Typological characteristics of the stirrup are crucial to identifying the historical period in question: analogues from the Irtysh River valley and the Altai may date the investigated site to the eighth/ninth throughout eleventh centuries CE. Conclusions. It is urgent to emphasize the significance of the material from Belagash since the latter does add to the meager data on the culture of Central Kazakhstan’s population at the final stage of the Early Middle Ages.
Дискурсивное пространство ведущих китайских «новых медиа»
Authors:   Tyumen State University (6, Volodarsky St., 625003 Tyumen, Russian Federation), Mazhinskiy Stanislav V. , Nagibina Irina G. , Zhang Yu ,   Siberian Federal University (79, Svobodny Ave., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation),   Hulunbuir University (26, Genghis Khan Middle Rd., 021008 Hulunbuir, Hailar District, People’s Republic of China)
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The active development of China’s Internet space i has facilitated the shaping of such a phenomenon as ‘new media’ that become an important platform for discursive practices and new patterns of discourse. The specifics of social platforms and Internet space in China — coupled with complex linguistic forms and genres — yield original discursive practices currently investigated by both domestic and foreign researchers. Goals. The paper attempts an analysis of Chinese social platforms for up-to-date accounts of the new media. Nowadays, the Chinese Internet space is used not only for quick information exchange but also for understanding public opinions on political, social, economic, and cultural agendas. Materials and methods. The study of discursive practices within the Chinese Internet space is implemented herein mainly with the aid of two strategies, namely: Generic Structure Potential theory (by Halliday and Hassan); and that of system and structure (by Martin). The article employs both scientific and humanities (linguistic) research methods which make it possible to compile a comprehensive analytical table on the audience and content of China’s new media. Moreover, it provides some detailed descriptions of how each selected social platform works to form an in-depth understanding of their individual activities. Results. The identified gender and age structure is instrumental in delineating discursive strategies and popular discussion topics. The implementation of certain discursive strategies within the new media and the emergence of new discursive practices — require new approaches and methods of study. Further development of Internet space in China shall dramatically increase the role of the popular social platforms to be accompanied by even more diversified discursive patterns.