bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case report: Pneumonia in an elderly Tibetan male caused by Shewanella algae
Authors: fu xiaohong , Huang Qian , feng huanxiang , gou wei
Published: August 2023

Background
Shewanella algae is a gram-negative bacterium that is widely found in aquatic habitats and rarely causes lung infections in inland areas.
Case presentation
This case report presents the clinical presentation and treatment of a 68-year-old Tibetan male who developed cough, phlegm, chills, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Laboratory tests showed elevated white blood cell count（WBC10030/ul） and procalcitonin levels（PCT0.067ng/ml）, and chest CT revealed scattered lesions. A gram-negative bacterium was isolated from lower respiratory tract specimens and identified as Shewanella algae using various techniques including BioMerieux VITEK 2 Compact, MALDI-TOF-MS (Autof ms1000), and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The patient's lung infection improved after one week of treatment with ceftazidime, and he was discharged.
Conclusion
This case highlights a rare occurrence of lung infection caused by Shewanella algae in elderly Tibetan men residing in non-marine environments.
Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation with severe hemoptysis in advanced age: a case report and literature review
Authors: Cai Cheng-Sen , Yuan Yuchun , Li Bin , Fu Lina , Zhang Xiaoye , Wang Jun
Published: August 2023

Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (BPFM) is a rare developmental malformation disease due to embryonic defects, with an even rarer occurrence in adults. We report a diagnosed case in an adult patient, and notably, this is the first reported case of such advanced age. Additionally, she experienced coughing up approximately 1 liter of blood and partial lung tissue, accompanied by respiratory failure and shock. Following treatment with transcatheter arterial embolization, her condition improved, and she has remained stable during follow-up. We present a case report and conducted a systematic review on this particular case.
MS-stability of the predator-free and positive equilibria for food chain model with vigilance under stochastic perturbations
Authors: Tan Jianguo , Jiang Xiao han
Published: August 2023

Most stability analyzes of SDE models are based on the construction of Lyapunov functions, but it is difficult to find suitable Lyapunov functions in some cases. This paper investigates a vigilant food chain model assuming that the model is subject to random perturbations proportional to deviations from the system state and equilibrium point. Using Kronecker product and semi-vectorization dimensionality reduction method, the explicit sufficient condition and stable region of asymptotically mean square(MS) stability of stochastic system are obtained. The influence of noise intensity and bi-parameters changes on the mean square stable region are analyzed. From the analysis, the following conclusions are obtained: mid-level predators are the most responsive to disturbance, while bottom prey are least sensitive to disturbance. Overall, the increase in perturbation reduces the MS-stable geometry volume and maximum resilience.
Advancing Emergency Preparedness, Resilience and Response through High-Fidelity Simulation: A scoping literature review.
Authors: Newton Jon , Critchley Anya
Published: August 2023

Background: The sudden or unexpected occurrence of major incidents presents challenging and unpredictable working environments for emergency service personnel. Effectively training those with a response role is therefore of fundamental importance and vital for embedding resilience within organisations. NHS England’s Emergency Preparedness, Resilience and Response (EPRR) Framework specifies the training requirements for responder organisations, yet limited guidance exists to support the educational quality or tangible outputs the table-top scenarios and live-play exercises should provide. In recent years, High-Fidelity Simulation (HFS) has gained recognition as an effective method for advancing clinical acumen within this domain, yet few studies have attempted to validate its capability for cultivating psychological readiness and mental resilience.
Methods: To further teaching and learning practices we conducted a scoping literature review to ascertain if skills in critical thinking, emotional preparedness and mental resilience might be developed through the utilisation of HFS for major incident training.
Findings: In all six studies returned by our search strategy, HFS was universally found to enhance critical thinking skills and decision-making. However, no studies have yet been conducted which formally evaluate developments in emotional preparedness and mental resilience.
Conclusion: A sparsity of high-ranking evidence currently exists to guide teaching and learning developments within major incident training; and a research-knowledge gap for developing emotional preparedness and mental resilience has been identified. Further targeted research is required to ascertain the true benefits of HFS and its potential role in supporting the EPRR Cycle of Preparedness.
Mutation mapping of PD-L1 expression in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A real-world retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hao Fang , Ma Qing , Zhong Diansheng
Published: August 2023

Background:
The duration of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) varies because of tumor immune heterogeneity and employing programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression to evaluate the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 antibodies remains controversial.
Experimental Design:
A total of 138 advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients subdivided into 2 groups - 52 patients with a PD-L1 Expression≥50% and 86 patients with a PD-L1 Expression <50% - based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze multiple-dimensional data types, including tumor mutation burden (TMB), gene alterations, gene enrichment analysis, therapy response, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
Results:
High level of PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with advanced age and TMB status. The PD-L1≥50% cohort bear mutations of KRAS, NOTCH1, and FAT, while PD-L1<50% group exhibited mutations of EGFR, PTEN, or LATS1/2. Except the ascertained DNA damage response regulation, it seemed that Hippo-YAP signal played a potential role in mediating PD-L1 expression. Even though there was no significant difference between PD-L1≥50% and PD-L1<50% cohorts on therapy response, patients with a PD-L1 Expression≥50% eclicited high irAEs incidence rate and increased plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) concentration.
Conclusions:
This real-world retrospective study suggested that high expression of PD-L1 exhibited dysfunction of Hippo signaling and collaborated with anti- cytokines and chemokines therapy may optimize clinical therapy efficacy.
Degradation of the wild fruit forest infulences the diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities in the Tianshan Mountains
Authors: Rong Xiaoying , Wu Nan , Yin Benfeng , Zhou Xiaobing , Zhu Bingjian , Li Yonggang , Aanderud Zachary T. , Zhang Yuanming
Published: August 2023

Background and aims:
The wild fruit forest in the Tianshan Mountains is a vital reservoir of germplasm resources for improving the genetic diversity of temperate fruit trees worldwide. In recent years, however, this forest ecosystem has been seriously threatened by outbreaks of diseases and insect pests as well as climate change. Analyses of soil microbial community diversity following degradation of the forest could provide insights into its impact on soil quality and the ecosystem.
Methods
In this study, we applied 16S rRNA and ITS gene sequencing to analyze the microbial community composition of soil samples surrounding healthy and degraded Malus sieversii and also recorded soil physiochemical variables.
Results
we found that degradation of the wild fruit forest due to M. sieversii decline significantly reduced the beta diversity of topsoil bacterial communities and fungal symbiotic groups. The decline in M. sieversii loosened connections among bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks. Analysis of community assemblies revealed that migration rates of bacteria and fungi were both higher in the topsoil around degraded M. sieversii, thus suggesting that dispersal restriction affects microbial species in the degraded wild fruit forest. Narrow niche-breadth bacterial species were preferentially selected by the decline in M. sieversii, leading in turn to more variation in fungal functional diversity (i.e., increased beta diversity of pathogenetic fungi but decreased diversities of symbiotic and saprotrophic fungi).
Conclusions
Our results show that degradation of M. sieversii lead to variations in microbial diversity and in the underlying function of forest microorganisms. The study offers the inclusion of microbial information during soil quality monitoring is crucial to gain a better, more accurate understanding of how degradation of M. sieversii impacts soil quality and the ecosystem.
The impact of the clinical pharmacists intervention on the appropriate antibiotic therapy of septic patients: a non-randomized controlled study
Authors: Sürmelioğlu Nursel , Demirkan Kutay , Karakoç Emre , Gündüz Murat , Özcengiz Dilek
Published: August 2023

Objective: Effective antimicrobial therapy is critical for the treatment of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), especially septic patients. Early application of empirical therapy and subsequent de-escalation and appropriate dose selection are the three essential elements for optimal antimicrobial therapy. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the impact of clinical pharmacists on antibiotic treatment of septic patients, and secondly, to determine drug-related problems in septic patients.
Methods: This study was conducted at ICU of a university hospital. Septic patients who were provided medication review service by a clinical pharmacist were assigned to the intervention group. The control group consists of patients who were not provided medication review service. Intervention and control group were compared in terms of, time to de-escalation, appropriateness of antimicrobial dosing, and drug treatment costs.
Results: 130 patients were included in the study to be divided equally between the intervention (prospective) and control groups (retrospective). 753 drug-related problems were detected in the intervention group. 644 intervention recommendations for these problems were presented to ICU team. Of these interventions, 298 (46.3%) were made for antimicrobial drugs. Statistically significant differences were found in comparison of time to de-escalation, appropriateness of the antimicrobial drug dosage, and antibiotic costs between the intervention and control groups (p£0.001).
Conclusion: A clinical pharmacist on the sepsis management team may help ensure that septic patients receive the optimal antibiotic therapy and the reduction of antibiotic costs.
Ameliorative Effect of Adhatoda Vasica Against Aflatoxicosis in Broiler Chicken
Authors: Muthusamy Sakthi Priya , Appusamy Jagadeeswaran , Amirthalingam Natarajan
Published: August 2023

Background : The effect of aflatoxin in broilers is well known. However dietary supplementation of crude leaf powder of Adhatoda vasica was found to decrease the negative effect of aflatoxin B1 because of bio-adsorbing feature of the active ingredient and the detoxifying nature of the herbal material. The main goal of this study was to ascertain how Adhatoda vasica crude leaf powder along with aflatoxin contaminated diet ameliorated the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 on zootechnic performance indicators, bone morphometric characters, serum biochemistry, antioxidant profile, organ weights, gross pathology and histopathology of liver and kidney. Broiler chicks of one day old were divided into six groups. The G1 group was given a formulated basal diet without any supplements. The G2 group was fed with balanced diet with Adhatoda vasica crude leaf powder at 0.5 % inclusion. The G3 group was fed with balanced diet with aflatoxin B1 (50 µg/kg). The G4 group was fed with balanced diet with aflatoxin B1 (50 µg/kg) and Silymarin @1000mg/kg feed. The G5 was fed with balanced diet with aflatoxin B1 (50 µg/kg) and Adhatoda vasica crude leaf powder at 0.1 % and G6 was fed with balanced diet with aflatoxin B1 (50 µg/kg) and Adhatoda vasica crude leaf powder at 0.5 % inclusion from day 1 to day 35 of age.
Results: According to the results of the study, Aflatoxin supplementation in the feed had a detrimental impact on zootechnical performance, bone morphometric characters, serum biochemical parameters, gross and histopathology. Aflatoxin supplementation led to liver injury that was indicted by serum biochemistry and histopathology in the liver and kidney tissues. Supplementation of the crude leaf powder of Adhatoda vasica exhibited significant detoxifying effect as evidenced by improved growth performance and bone morphometric characters and ameliorating changes in the levels of serum biochemical parameters and the antioxidant enzymes. The effect of the herb in reducing the pathological lesions were also similar to the standard drug.
Conclusion: Crude leaf powder of the plant Adhatoda vasica could be used as a suitable herbal alternative to mitigate aflatoxicosis in broiler chicken.
Platelet Microparticles Influence Gene Expression and Modulate Biological Activities of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells (K562)
Authors: Nikravesh Fariba , Khalilabadi Roohollah Mirzaee , Farsinejad Alireza , Valandani Hajar Mardani
Published: August 2023

Background
The current understanding emphasizes the intricate interplay between leukemia and its environment. Platelet microparticles play a crucial role in facilitating intercellular communication and contribute to the complex landscape of cancer pathology. This study aimed to investigate the influence of Platelet microparticles on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the expression of key genes, including P53, P21, Cyclin D1, Bax, and Bcl-2, within the context of a Chronic Myeloid Leukemia cell line (K562).
Methods and Results
Platelet microparticles were obtained through centrifugation at various speeds, and their concentration was quantified using the BCA assay. To determine the size and immunophenotypic characteristics of the PMPs, both the DLS technique and flow cytometry were employed. Cell proliferation was assessed using the MTT assay, and cell cycle analysis was conducted through DNA content evaluation. Real-time PCR was utilized for gene expression analysis of Bax, Bcl-2, Cyclin D1, P53, and P21. Flow cytometry was employed to examine cell apoptosis. The findings revealed that platelet microparticles have the ability to decrease proliferation of the K562 cell line, while not exerting an impact on apoptosis and cell cycle progression. Analysis through real-time PCR indicated an upregulation in the gene expression of P53, P21, and Bcl-2, accompanied by a downregulation in Bax and Cyclin D1.
Conclusion
This investigation sheds light on the intricate relationship between CML and its microenvironment, particularly the involvement of platelet-derived microparticles. The study underscores the potential of PMPs to influence cell behavior and gene expression, providing a deeper understanding of their role in CML and its therapeutic implications.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of NBLRR genes in Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) and their expression in response to Magnaporthe grisea infection
Authors: Balamurugan Alexander , Mallikarjuna Mallana Gowdra , Bansal Shilpi , Nayaka S. Chandra , Rajashekara Hosahatti , Chellapilla Tara Satyavathi , Prakash Ganesan
Published: August 2023

Background
The nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeat (NBLRR) genes significantly regulate defences against various phytopathogens. The genome-wide identification and analysis of NBLRR genes have been performed in several species. However, the evolution, structure, expression of NBLRRs and functional response to Magnaporthe grisea are not known in Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.).
Results
The genome-wide scanning of the Finger millet genome resulted in 116 NBLRR genes named EcNBLRRsaccording to their chromosomal positions in ascending order. The phylogenetic analysis revealed divergence of NBLRRs as per the speciation of target species. The whole-genome duplications shaped the expansion of the NBLRR family in the finger millet genome, and purifying selection (Ka/Ks<1) shaped expansions of EcNBLRR paralog and ortholog pairs. The maximum orthology and syntenic association of NBLRRs was observed between Finger millet and Brachypodium distachyon over Finger millet and Arabidopsis thaliana. The promoter sequence analysis showed various stress- and phytohormone-responsive cis-acting elements besides growth and development, indicating their role in disease defence and regulatory mechanisms. The functional analysis of 22 EcNBLRRsin the genotypes showing contrasting responses to Magnaporthe grisea infection revealed the role of target EcNBLRRs in finger millet- Magnaporthe grisea interactions at early (EcNBLRR83; EcNBLRR55; EcNBLRR30 and EcNBLRR32) and late (EcNBLRR76; EcNBLRR45; EcNBLRR26; EcNBLRR23 and EcNBLRR21) stage of infections.
Conclusion
The identification and functional analysis of EcNBLRRs showed the role of EcNBLRR genes in assigning blast resistance in finger millet. These results pave the foundation for in-depth and targeted functional analysis of EcNBLRRs through genome editing and transgenic approaches.
Composition of Encephalic Arteries and Origin of the Basilar Artery Are Different Between Vertebrates
Authors: Salaud Céline , Moreau Victor , Decante Cyrille , Ploteau Stéphane , Hamel Antoine , Guintard Claude , Betti Eric
Published: August 2023

Intracranial arterial vascular anatomy is well known in humans, but it is lacking for most mammalian and non-mammalian model species, especially concerning the origin of the basilar artery (BA). We have studied the encephalic arteries in three different species of birds and eight different species of mammals using formalin-fixed brains injected with arterial red latex. Our results and literature analysis indicate that, for all vertebrates, the internal carotid artery (ICA) supplies the brain and divides into two branches: a cranial branch and a caudal branch. The difference between vertebrates lies in the caudal branch of the ICA. For non-mammalian vertebrates, the caudal branch is the origin of the BA, and the vertebral artery (VA) is not involved in brain supply. For mammals, the VA supplies encephalic arteries, but in two different ways. In fact, there are two types of encephalic artery organization. In the first type of organization, mostly found in ungulates, the carotid rete mirabile supplies the encephalic arteries, the caudal branch is the origin of the BA, and the VA is indirectly involved in carotid rete mirabile blood supply. We believe that the carotid rete mirabile may be the result of occipitocervical biomechanics and climatic adaptations. The second type of encephalic artery organization for mammals is the same as in humans. The caudal branch of the ICA serves as the posterior communicating artery, and the BA originates from both VAs.
New Materials in The Conservation of Mural Paintings to Obtain High Durability, Tomb of Keamun TT 93, Luxor, Egypt
Authors: Orabi Ezz A. , Sallam Ahmed
Published: August 2023

The aim of this research to study the treatment of mural painting at the tomb of Kenamun TT93 back to 18th Dynasty back to New Kingdom (c. 1550-1069 BC.), in the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile. In this study the surface of deteriorated mural paintings were investigated using PLM (BMM), TEM investigation, XRD analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM-EDX. To our knowledge, it is the first report on the mixture of the ethyl silicate and the Egg shell Nanoparticles application of mixture for the treatment of deteriorated mural painting surfaces in Tomb of Kenamun TT93.The samples were collected from Fragment of wall painting, painted with depiction of two women, Tomb of Keamun (TT93). The results of obtained show that the structures fragment of wall painting consist of three layers from the top to bottom: yellow pigment, fine plaster, coarse plaster which contains composed of quartz, clay minerals, iron oxides, and organic fibers. The selection of these samples was due to historical importance, which is directly related to ancient Egyptian heritage.
Spatiotemporal change characteristics of NDVI and response to climate factors in the Jixi Wetland, Eastern China
Authors: Xiang Zining , Liu Yuyu , Fu Yongfei , Gao Yixiong , Liu Luxia , Wang Fuqiang
Published: August 2023

Exploring the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of vegetation in the confluent area of water systems in western Jinan and its response mechanism to climatic factors is of great significance for the scientific evaluation of the benefits of the water system connectivity project and eco-environmental protection and can provide a reference for ecotourism development in the Jixi wetland park. Based on the Landsat series of images and meteorological data, this study used ENVI to interpret the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the confluent area from 2010 to 2021 and the spatiotemporal change characteristics and trends of NDVI were quantitatively analysed. The response of the growing-season NDVI (GSN) to climate factors and its time-lag effect were explored. The results showed that the overall change in the interannual NDVI in the confluent area from 2010 to 2021 was stable. The GSN in the confluent area was significantly positively correlated with precipitation, average temperature, and relative humidity in 37.64%, 25.52%, and 20.87% of the area respectively, and significantly negatively correlated with sunshine hours in 15.32% of the area. There was a time-lag effect on the response of the GSN to climate factors; the response to precipitation and sunshine hours lagged by one month, and the response to average temperature and relative humidity was longer.
Efficacy of Computer Animation Instructional Packages on Learning Science Content by Children with Autism in Nigeria
Authors: Asogwa Uche Donatus , Ofoegbu Theresa , Odunukwe Charity Ngozi , Nkanu Celestine Unoh , Imoke John Eteng , Ekpoto David
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the effectiveness of computer animation instructional packages (CAIPs) on learning science contents by children with autism. The study was conducted within an inclusive school setting with eight children of autism spectrum disorders using a Pretest Posttest research design. The eight students were purposively grouped into experimental and control group based on their achievements. The students on 1st- 4thposition were put into the control group while those on 5th– 8thposition served as experimental group. At the end of the intervention, the students in the treatment group showed higher level of acquisition of science terms than students in the control group. The findings also revealed that male students in the intervention group performed higher than their female counterparts. These results portray CAIPs as competent and viable tool for learning science contents for nursery and primary school children with autism.
A noise audit of human-labeled benchmarks for machine commonsense reasoning
Authors: Kejriwal Mayank , Santos Henrique , Shen Ke , Mulvehill Alice , McGuinness Deborah
Published: August 2023

With the advent of large language models, evaluating and benchmarking these systems on important AI problems has taken on newfound importance. Such benchmarking typically involves comparing the predictions of a system against human labels (or a single 'ground-truth'). However, much recent work in psychology has suggested that most tasks involving significant human judgment can have non-trivial degrees of noise. In his book, Kahneman suggests that noise may be a much more significant component of inaccuracy compared to bias, which has been studied more extensively in the AI community. This article proposes a detailed noise audit of human-labeled benchmarks in machine commonsense reasoning, an important current area of AI research. We conduct noise audits under two important experimental conditions: one in a smaller-scale but higher-quality labeling setting, and another in a larger-scale, more realistic online crowdsourced setting. Using Kahneman's framework of noise, our results consistently show non-trivial amounts of level (2.42 to 6.46 percent), pattern (22.22 to 23.40 percent) and system noise (22.32 to 24.23 percent) even in the higher-quality setting, with comparable results in the crowdsourced setting. We find that noise can significantly influence the performance estimates that we obtain of commonsense reasoning systems, even if the 'system' is a human; in some cases, by almost 10 percent. Labeling noise also affects performance estimates of systems like ChatGPT by more than 4 percent. Our results suggest that the default practice in the AI community of assuming and using a 'single' ground-truth, even on problems requiring seemingly straightforward human judgment, may warrant empirical and methodological re-visiting.
Composition Method Forsemi-linear Parabolic Systems
Authors: Bondarenko Viktor , Markevych Ihor
Published: August 2023

An iteration method for constructing a solution to the Cauchy problem for parabolic systems with non-linear potential (reaction-diffusion) is proposed and justified. The method is based on the Trotter formula generalized to the case of a nonlinear perturbation of an elliptic operator. The essence of the generalization is composition of a semigroup with an elliptic generator and a phase flow generated by an ordinary differential equation. Estimates of the rate of convergence of iterations, which are established in the proof of this formula, are confirmed with a computational experiment performed for the Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piskunov-Fisher equation. The obtained results suggest the feasibility of an unconventional approach to modeling dynamical systems with distributed parameters.
Is Articaine Associated with Higher Neurosensory Disturbance than Lidocaine in the Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block?
Authors: Tabrizi Reza , Mazidi Amir , Azadi Ali , Sharifzadeh Hadi , Khanzadeh Hooman
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Neurosensory disturbance (NSD) may occur following the inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANBs).The study aims to investigate whether there is a difference in the prevalence of NSD) between patients who received lidocaine 2% and those who received articaine 4% during IANBs.
Materials and Methods
This is a double-blind, randomized clinical trial study. Patients who underwent the third molar extraction randomly were divided into two groups. In group 1, subjects IANB was performed using articaine 4%, and in group 2, lidocaine 2%.The occurrence of NSD was documented. Patients were visited within 48 hours and one week after the tooth removal. The type of anesthetic drug (articaine 4% versus Lidocaine 2%) is the study’s predictive factor.
Results
Two thousand four hundred subjects were studied in two groups (1200 subjects in each group). The mean age was 28.40 ± 6.76 years (minimum 18 and maximum 44 years). In group 1 (Lidocaine), five subjects (0.4%) had NSD after injection, and seven subjects in group 2 ( articaiene) (0.6%). Data analysis did not demonstrate any significant difference in the prevalence of NSD between the two groups. (p = 0.77)
Conclusion
Concerning the study's results, the prevalence of NSD is not higher in articaine than lidocaine in IANBs
Endothelial Phenotypic Transition Contributes to Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Repair
Authors: Sun Denglian , Ma Jia , Du Lingyu , Liu Qiao , Yue Hongyan , Peng Chenxiu , Chen Hanxiao , Wang Guixue , Liu Xiaoheng , Shen Yang
Published: August 2023

Background:
Long-term ischemia leads to insufficient cerebral microvascular perfusion and dysfunction. Reperfusion restores physiological fluid shear stress but leads to serious injury. The mechanism of FSS-induced endothelial injury in ischemia-reperfusion injury remains poorly understood.
Methods:
In this study, a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion was constructed in vivo and the endothelial phenotype factor VE-cadherin and mesenchymal phenotype factor N-cadherin, Snail1, α-SMA, and slug were detected by Immunofluorescence to research the change of endothelial phenotypic. The cerebrovascular endothelial function and endothelial inflammation factors were detected by Evans Blue (EB) Staining and Quantitative real-time PCR. Additionally, the rat brain microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to a laminar fluid shear stress of 0.5 dyn/cm2 for 6h and subsequently restored to physiological fluid shear stress level (2 dyn/cm2) for 2h and 12h in vitro, to simulate the fluid shear stress environments in early and late reperfusion. Then we detect the change of endothelial phenotype factor VE-cadherin and mesenchymal phenotype factor N-cadherin, Snail1, and slug by western blot. What’s more, inflammation factors and the blood-brain barrier were also detected by Quantitative real-time PCR and Transmission Electron Microscope, respectively. After that, Yes related protein (YAP) was Knockdown and actin polymerization was inhibited to research the change of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells.
Results
We found that reperfusion-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in endothelial cells leads to serious blood-brain barrier damage and endothelial inflammation, accompanied by the nuclear accumulation of YAP. In the later stage of reperfusion, cerebral endothelium was restored to the endothelial phenotype with a distinct change of mesenchymal-to-endothelial transition, while YAP was translocated and phosphorylated in the cytoplasm. More importantly, the knockdown of YAP or inhibition of actin polymerization markedly impairs the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells.
Conclusions
These results suggested that ischemia-reperfusion increased intensity of fluid shear stress triggered an endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition process and thus resulted in endothelial inflammation and tissue injury, whereas continuous FSS may lead to a reversal mesenchymal-to-endothelial transition event in a time-dependent way that contributed to the endothelial repair. This study is helpful to provide new enlightenment for the therapy of ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Decoding the Shoes of Terracotta Warriors: in terms of Restoration Technology and Functional Performance
Authors: Cha Na , Zhou Jin
Published: August 2023

The shoes of the Terracotta Warriors holds significant historical and cultural value as an important legacy of ancient Chinese shoemaking craftsmanship. But there is a dearth of research on terracotta shoes.Therefore, this study aimed to restore the Terracotta Warrior’s shoes from the perspectives of clothing engineering and archaeology, and then to assess the critical function of the restored shoes. Finally, we would explore why the soldiers of the Qin Dynasty (221-206BC) were so successful in military.In the restoration process, we utilized AR ranging technology to conduct field investigations in museums, obtaining the basic form of the shoeof the kneeling archer figurine No.05438, and based on this, we studied its techniques and materials. Further, a quantitative analysis of the structural functionality of the Qin Dynasty shoes were carried out.Results show that: (1) The shoe soles of the Terracotta Warriors were adorned with neatly arranged circular patterns; the shoe sole was divided into three sections, with a ratio of 8:13:6 among the three sections. (2) The production technique of the shoe sole was consistent with the Thousand-layer sole (TLS), and the material used was red ramie. (3) We compared the replica shoes with two similar modern shoes and found that the replica shoes not only exhibited excellent flexibility but also demonstrated better slip resistance in wet conditions.Overall, we successfully reconstructed the shoe and evaluated their functionality using advanced archaeological techniques. Our finding unveiled notable advantages in flexibility and slip resistance in the Terracotta Warrior’s shoes, enhancing our understanding of ancient shoes. Additionally, this study also provides valuable practical experience and methodology for archaeology in restoring the ancient shoes.
A Cosimulation Model for the Hydraulic Operating Mechanism of a High-Voltage Circuit Breaker
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Zhao Deng , Chen Hantao , Wu Zhe , Shuai Changgeng
Published: August 2023

The dynamic characteristics of hydraulic operating mechanisms are of great significance to the reliability of high-voltage circuit breakers (HVCBs). Due to the lack of cosimulation models that consider the coupling links of different physics, previous research works were limited to the analysis of some discrete parts. The purpose of this study is to propose a novel technique for the cosimulation of a hydraulic operating mechanism (OM). For that aim, the lumped parameter method is adopted to model the hydraulic system, and the finite-element analysis method is employed for the transmission mechanism. Then, a distributed parallel-type cosimulation framework is applied, and the coupling links between different subsystems are achieved by input‒output variable exchanges with shared memory. Experimental validations and simulation applications are implemented in a 550-kV HVCB. This proves that the proposed cosimulation model can accurately capture the dynamic responses of hydraulic OMs, including predicting the dynamic responses induced under different operation parameters and quantifying important features such as stress distributions and dynamic response evolution patterns.
Surgical outcomes in children with congenital heart disease after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection: a single-center case-control study
Authors: Yang Yinyu , Yu Xiafeng , Huang Jianhu , Xie Li , Dong Wei , Pan Yanjun
Published: August 2023

Objective
To analyze the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant infection.
Methods
A retrospective case‒control study was performed on children with CHD after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection as a convalescent group at Shanghai Children's Medical Center from Jan 1,2022 to Jan 20,2023. The control group was matched by CHD patients (without SARS-CoV-2 infection) who underwent surgical repair during the same period. Clinical data and outcomes were analyzed and compared between groups.
Result
A total of 120 CHD patients were included in this study: 40 CHD patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection (convalescent group) and 80 CHD patients without infection (control group). The in-hospital mortality rate was 2.5% (1/40) in the convalescent group. Troponin I values were statistically higher in convalescent group than in control at surgery day after being admitted to intensive care unit(ICU) [6.98 (3.43–14.79)vs. 2.67 (1.38–6.22),p = 0.00] and postsurgery day 1[2.69 (1.17–5.05)vs. 1.56 (0.73–3.40), p = 0.015]. In addition, patients who undergo surgery within 10 days of a negative nucleic acid results (NNAR) were associated with prolonged ICU stay(4.57 ± 3.01 vs 3.06 ± 1.52, p = 0.046). The recurrence rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 20% (8/40) in this study. The cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time [98.5 (64.75-289.25) vs. 64.5 (48.5–88), p = 0.010] in recurrence patients was longer than that in patients without recurrence. Moreover, patients with recurrence were associated with longer mechanical ventilation time (72.00 ± 57.32 vs. 21.78 ± 17.83, 0.043) and ICU stay (6.75 ± 3.54 vs. 3.25 ± 1.72, p = 0.027).
Conclusion
In children with CHD after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection, myocardial injury after surgery might be more severe. Clinical outcome was without statistical difference if surgeries were performed after 10 days of NNAR. Patients with longer CPB times were likely to suffer recurrence after surgery which may lead to longer MV and ICU time.
Bayesian Inference on the Fréchet-type Extreme Value Distribution based on the Characteristic Prior
Authors: Maswadah M.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a new method has been used for constructing a prior density function based on the characteristic function, which frees the Bayesian inference from subjectivity to a personal choice that has worried some statisticians. For comparing the characteristic prior with the informative prior, Bayesian inference on the Fréchet-type extreme value distribution parameters has been studied based on symmetric and asymmetric loss functions, via Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results indicated that the characteristic prior outperformed the informative prior for different sample sizes and several values of the parameters. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed priors.
On Global Maritime Oil Piracy: An Association Rules Analysis
Authors: Alexopoulos Thomas
Published: August 2023

Maritime piracy is a global problem that disrupts oil flows and products. This research attempts to identify potential association rules between the features of hostile acts against tankers. To that end, the Apriori algorithm is used. We use data from the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and modify them in a basket case style. Essential features of an attack are examined, such as the closeness to the coasts, the cruising status of the tankers, and the time neighboring other attacks. It is found that success is strongly coupled with the safety of the attack by striking near the coast and anchored tankers. The produced association rules include different time-neighboring conditions and no values regarding the attack month. This implies no strong preference for starting an attack, close or far from a previous episode, and no seasonality.
Outcome of 17 patients undergoing Cesarean Hysterectomy by Cherney Incision for Placenta Accreta Spectrum: A CaseSeries
Authors: Holtzman Sharonne , Letchinger Riva , Flatow Virginia , Kolev Valentin , Zakashansky Konstatin
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to describe the use of Cherney Incisions as a skin incision for planned cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum at a single academic institution.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent cesarean hysterectomy for PAS through a cherney incision. Patient clinicopathological and follow-up data were extracted from medical records. This data was then compared to all other patients who underwent cherney incision via different incision. The student’s t-test was used for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test compared categorical variables. Continuous data were compared using the Wilcoxon-rank sum test.
Results: There were 17 patients who had a planned cesarean hysterectomy for PAS at a single institution. Out of the 17 patients, 9 (52.9%) had an accreta, 6 (35.3%) had an increta and 2 (11.8%) had a percreta. The estimated blood loss was 1000cc with a range from 800cc to 3365cc. Six (33%) of patients received a transfusion, 2 (11.1%) had a complication which was found to be a bladder injury. Compared to patients undergoing cesarean hysterectomy via other incision types for PAS at our institution, there was a difference in median minutes of surgery (p = 0.041) but not from incision to delivery (p = 0.187). There was a difference in estimated blood loss, with patients undergoing chereny incision experiencing less blood loss compared to other incision types (p = 0.04) but this was not significant for receiving a transfusion (p > 0.05). All other outcomes for patients undergoing cherney incisions was similar to other patients delivered via cesarean hysterectomy for PAS.
Conclusion: This is the first study examining cherney incisions for cesarean hysterectomy for PAS. Cherney incision is not inferior to other types of skin incisions for this procedure. Future studies should include a larger cohort to further characterize the maternal, fetal and surgical outcomes of cherney incisions for cesarean hysterectomy for PAS.
Escolas cívico-militares: Expressão da negligência estatal e vetor de privatização da educação pública
Authors: De Carvalho Anderson dos Anjos Pena , Zientarski Clarice , De Bragança Sabrina Zientarski
Published: August 2023

Este texto tem como objetivo analisar a estratégia política do Programa Nacional das Escolas Cívico-Militares – PECIM –, uma das principais políticas do governo de Jair Bolsonaro, que foi extinta em julho de 2023, por iniciativa do atual governo do Presidente Lula da Silva. Os defensores dessa política utilizam-se de argumentos para criar consenso junto à sociedade sobre uma suposta qualidade de ensino, baseado em rendimentos nos exames padronizados de larga escala, e sobre prováveis consequências positivas para a conquista da disciplina por parte dos estudantes, além tentar criar uma expectativa de violência e a criminalidade serão combatidas dentro escolas e nas comunidades circundantes, devido a presença da polícia. Esta tentativa de criar consenso em torno dessa visão está eivada do desejo de ocultar problemas estruturais da educação brasileira, cuja militarização só contribui para agravar. Dois, dentre muitos destes problemas, serão objeto deste artigo. O primeiro refere-se à negligência histórica identificada na desvinculação de recursos para a educação e o segundo remete ao projeto da reformadores empresariais na educação, que a privatização das escolas públicas. Mas, a militarização dá novos contornos a este projeto de esvaziamento da escola pública à medida que contempla na política a guerra cultural, de clivagens neofascistas.
O uso do discurso no desenvolvimento do raciocínio geográfico nas aulas de geografia
Authors: Neves Darlan da Conceição , Greco Roberto
Published: August 2023

O artigo objetiva discutir o uso do discurso como elemento de mediação no processo de desenvolvimento do raciocínio geográfico. Como dimensão que constitui parcialmente as relações sociais e práticas materiais, torna-se um campo fértil de investigação nas aulas de geografia na escola, que pode ser auxiliar tanto no desenvolvimento do pensar geográfico quanto dos objetos e fenômenos de interesse da Geografia Escolar. Para tanto, buscou-se discutir suas possibilidades a partir da filosofia da linguagem do Círculo de Mikhail Bakhtin e da Análise de Discurso Crítica. Ao final, apresenta-se uma análise em caráter de ilustração e aprofundamento, a partir de uma canção, com vistas a elucidar as perspectivas adotadas em torno de um problema social.
As concepções e os desafios dos licenciandos em ciências biológicas participantes do PIBID sobre a etapa de problematização no ensino de ciências por investigação
Authors: Machado de Oliveira Cleyton , De Oliveira André Luis
Published: August 2023

O pensar e constituir os problemas num plano de trabalho docente ou em uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativa (SEI) é considerado um momento essencial, pois norteiam as demais etapas e possibilitam a transição da curiosidade ingênua para a curiosidade epistemológica. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa foi realizada com licenciandos de Ciências Biológicas, vinculados ao Programa Institucional de Bolsas para Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) e teve como objetivo investigar concepções e dificuldades dos participantes para problematizar os conteúdos de Ciências do currículo da Educação Básica. Após a leitura de todo o material, optamos pela Análise Textual Discursiva para organizar, analisar e discutir todo o corpus da investigação. Sob um viés reflexivo, os participantes sinalizaram, qualitativamente, como um problema investigativo pode dificultar ou possibilitar diversas perspectivas para o desenvolvimento das etapas do Ensino de Ciências por Investigação (ECI).
Categorias e índices de análise da prática de ensino concebida como a mobilização de saberes docentes em momentos de experiência
Authors: Silva Diego Marques da
Published: August 2023

Realizou-se um estudo teórico, com o objetivo de identificar e compreender categorias e índices de análise que pudesse formar um horizonte para a interpretação da prática de ensino. Os resultados, então, permitiram a discussão do conceito de “prática de ensino”, a partir de uma concepção analítica em que categorias e índices são estabelecidos a priori e com base em dada fundamentação teórica. Argumenta-se que a prática de ensino possa ser analisada por meio de categorias abrangentes, conceituadas a partir de uma concepção que considera momentos de mobilização dos saberes docentes em termos de idealização, de decisão e de materialidade dessa prática. Conceitos mais específicos, que se aglutinam nesses momentos, e sua materialidade no corpus de análise, levam a um olhar sobre as fontes e origens do saber docente, as concepções de aprendizagem, os objetivos educacionais, o conteúdo de ensino, a didática, o currículo, a ação docente e as tendências pedagógicas. Defende-se que o conjunto de categorias e índices de análise discutidas por meio deste trabalho pode vir a ser um relevante instrumento conceitual para a investigação da prática de ensino.
The effect of audit quality and capital intensity ratio on earning management in sharia listed companies
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Firman Muhammad Asmeldi , Pratiwi Rianti
Published: August 2023

Purpose - This study aims to determine the effect of audit quality and capital intensity ratio on earnings management in companies listed on the Indonesia Sharia Stock Index in 2017-2020.Method - This study is quantitative research using secondary data obtained from the summary of audited financial statements. Data sampling was selected by purposive sampling method based on certain criteria. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression.Result - The results show that the size of the public accounting firm has a negative effect on earnings management; it is more credibility consideration. The audit tenure has a positive effect on earnings management. It creates an emotional connection that is reluctance to disclose misappropriation. The auditor industry specialization has a negative effect on earnings management; it is more in-depth various accounting policies to find earnings management. The capital intensity ratio does not affect earning management; it is business and finance consideration. Accounting policies in depreciation is carry out when management has decided to invest in fixed assets.Implication - Sharia companies should pay attention to audit quality and capital intensity ratios in relation to earnings management.Originality - This is a study to test the existence of earnings management in Sharia companies in terms of audit quality and capital intensity ratio factors.
Does fintech threaten Islamic banking performance in Indonesia?
Authors: Ath Thahirah Fatimah , Kasri Rahmatina Awaliah
Published: August 2023

Purpose - This study aims to examine the impact of P2P Lending on both conventional and Islamic banking performance in Indonesia.Method - It uses a panel data regression method with a random effect model, with a sample of 63 conventional banks and 12 Islamic banks in Indonesia during the 2016-2020 period. The dependent variable is ROA, while the independent variable is the number of P2P Lending companies.Result - The study found that Fintech P2P Lending does not affect the conventional banks’ performance and has a minimal effect on the aggregate banks' performance in Indonesia. However, interestingly, Fintech has a significant positive impact on the Indonesian Islamic banks’ performance. The result is consistent when GMM is used in the robustness model.Implication - The findings indicate the importance of supporting the development of Fintech, especially Sharia P2P Lending, and collaboration between Fintech and banks to optimize the performance of Indonesia’s financial sector.Originality - This research is amongst a few studies that examine the relationship between Fintech and banking performance, particularly Islamic banking performance in Indonesia.