bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Support and Resilience among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Ulfa Nabilla Dwi , Kusumaningrum Fitri Ayu
Published: February 2025

This study explores the relationship between social support and resilience in individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Resilience, defined as the ability to adapt and recover from adversity, is critical for psychological well-being, especially in the face of stigma and discrimination commonly experienced by people with HIV/AIDS. The research aims to determine whether social support significantly contributes to enhancing resilience among this population. The study employed a quantitative approach, involving 64 individuals diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Statistical analyses, including Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation and Spearman’s Rho, were conducted to test the hypothesis that higher social support is positively correlated with increased resilience. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between social support and resilience, with a correlation coefficient of 0.511 and a p-value of 0.000. Resilience levels among participants were generally low, with 81.2% categorized as "very low." Social support levels were similarly low, with 51.56% of participants in the "very low" category. Family, friends, and significant others were identified as key sources of social support, contributing 18.9%, 23.8%, and 27.2% to resilience, respectively. The study also found that social support was particularly impactful on aspects of resilience such as persistence and hardiness. The results underscore the importance of social support in fostering resilience among people living with HIV/AIDS. Enhanced social support networks contribute significantly to their psychological adaptation and ability to cope with adversity. Conversely, a lack of support exacerbates vulnerability and diminishes resilience.
Stacked-Pay Development Insights from Routine Sealed Wellbore Pressure Monitoring (SWPM)
Authors: Elliott Brendan , Haffener Jackson , Ingle Trevor , Haustveit Kyle , Black Travis , Ketter Chris , Ashley Nick , Green Brett
Published: February 2025

Over the past 5 years, cross-well strain measurements during hydraulic fracturing such as Sealed Wellbore Pressure Monitoring (SWPM) and fiber optics, have enabled direct measurements of fracture growth. Routine collection of SWPM data by Devon Energy has resulted in a substantial cross-well dataset that provides unique insight into fracture growth across multiple North American basins. Through these datasets, the length, height, shape, and spatiotemporal evolutions of a given formation's hydraulic fracture is seen to vary dramatically.

For this analysis, the authors selected good quality SWPM datasets from stacked-bench horizontal developments across multiple basins. The data was analyzed to understand fracture length and height growth, leveraging simple concepts and analytical models to calibrate fracture growth in vertically offset monitoring benches. Insights into the geometry was farther compared to stress logs and fracture models to build a robust explanation of the observed geometry.

This analysis shows there is no standard fracture geometry seen across formations, quantified by a simple ratio of fracture length to height of the dominant fracture measured through SWPM and other strain-based diagnostics. Certain formations exhibit strong vertical containment resulting in vertically short fractures, with wells exceeding a fracture length/height ratio of 20, (e.g. 4000-foot length and 200-foot height). Other formations are higher stress than overlaying/underlying rock, resulting in an hourglass geometry of uncontained growth with length/height ratios around 2.5 (e.g. 3000-foot length and 1200-foot height). Often these geometries were unexpected and contradicted uncalibrated fracture models, showing the importance of calibration in modeling.

This paper demonstrates the value of extensive cross-well strain datasets such as SWPM for a formation for informed development decisions. Furthermore, the work shows large variation in fracture geometry that is more strongly tied to the inherent permeability and stress state of the rock than any control from completion design.
WITHDRAWN: Compact Two Elements MIMO Antenna: Isolation and Gain Enhancement by Using FSS for Ultra-wideband Applications
Authors: Azharuddin Mohd , Mondal Kalyan , Singh Shougaijam Chinglemba
Published: February 2025

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Habitat Risk Assessment of Himalayan Salamander Breeding Sites in the Darjeeling Hills
Authors: Roy Swastik Guha , Pandey Itisha , Goyal Kapish , Bhaduri Asani , Dawa Dorje
Published: February 2025

Himalayan salamander (H.S.) Tylototriton himalayanus, one of the two salamander species found in India, is a vulnerable species. However, there is a lack of studies in recent years to assess the threats faced by H.S. due to habitat degradation, and other anthropogenic pressure including road kill. This study analyzes habitat change based on previous studies on about 37 salamander breeding sites in Darjeeling Hills. Land use land cover (LULC) thematic layers for the multitemporal periods 2018 and 2023 were created to observe changes in factors such as rangeland, build area, tree cover and change in water bodies over the years. Climate thematic layers of the watershed were created to see the variation in average annual temperature and rainfall. The results showed significant decrease in range land and water bodies along with decrease in annual rainfall and increasing annual temperature. The LULC predictions for the year 2028 were created using ANN and Logistic models to predict the changes in rangeland and water bodies respectively. The Road network analysis shows that there is an urgent need to strategically place road signs to avoid Salamander road kill especially on National Highway NH 55 and State Highway 12, which pass through several salamander habitats. Our study reveals about 13 key habitat sites that require immediate attention to save the already depleting natural terrain of Himalayan salamanders.
Scenario-based tsunami hazard assessment at Kolumbo volcano
Authors: Tadini Alessandro , Cerminara Matteo , Paris Raphaël , Neri Augusto , Sparks Stephen R. J. , Vougioukalakis Georges , Koutroulli Anna , Calusi Benedetta
Published: February 2025

Volcanic-induced tsunamis have a potentially devastating impact, especially in densely populated and/or touristic coastal areas. Kolumbo submarine volcano (Greece) experienced in 1650 CE an explosive eruption with eyewitnesses’ accounts of major tsunamis along the coasts of Santorini (Thera) and other islands. We present a scenario-based tsunami hazard assessment at this volcano based on existing simulations from literature and new simulations of tsunamis triggered by a less investigated but important mechanism, i.e. submarine landslides on the volcano flanks or within its crater. Simulations results show that the remobilization of a landslide volume of 150–300 Mm3 inside the crater can produce tsunami waves larger than 10 m high along the NE coast of Thera and of the order of 5 m along the E and SE coasts. The expected tsunami arrival time ranges from 2–3 minutes along the NE coast of Thera up to 8–10 min on its SE coast. Such scenarios produce inundation areas consistent with those reconstructed for the 1650 CE event, and tsunami waves propagating inland at velocities from 2 to 12 m/s. Simulation results also suggest that, given the landslide parameters assumed, it is unlikely to mobilize a landslide with a large volume from the SW-facing Kolumbo crater slopes, given the relatively gentle topo-bathymetry of this area. The study findings are relevant based on the outcomes of the expert elicitation exercise carried out in parallel, which indicate that chances of having waves larger than 1 m high on the NE coast of Thera have median probabilities of 50–60%.
One-shot Cryo-EM Complex Structure Determination with High Accuracy and Ultra-fast Speed.
Authors: Wang Jue , Tan Cheng , Gao Zhangyang , Zhang GuiJun , Zhang Yang , Li Stan
Published: February 2025

While cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) yields high-resolution density maps for complex structures, accurate determination of the corresponding three-dimensional atomic structures still necessitates significant expertise and labor-intensive manual interpretation. Recently, AI-based methods have emerged to streamline this process in the biological community; however, several challenges persist.
First, existing methods typically require multi-stage training and inference, causing inefficiencies and inconsistency between stages. Second, these approaches often encounter bias in aligning predicted atomic coordinates with sequence. Researchers have utilized Hidden Markov Model(HMM) or Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) algorithms to explore the sequence space, which incurs substantial computational costs. Lastly, due to limitations of available datasets, prior works struggle to generalize effectively to complicated and unseen test data, a common problem in machine learning.
In response to these challenges, we introduce End-to-End and Efficient CryoFold, or E3-CryoFold for short, a deep learning method that enables end-to-end training and one-shot inference. E3-CryoFold employs both 3D and sequence Transformers to extract features from density maps and sequences, using cross-attention modules to integrate the two modalities. Additionally, it utilizes an equivariant graph neural network to construct the atomic structure based on the extracted features.
Importantly, E3-CryoFold incorporates a pretraining stage, during which models are trained on simulated density maps derived from Protein Data Bank (PDB) structures. Empirical results demonstrate that E3-CryoFold improves the average TM-score of the generated structures by 400\% as compared to Cryo2Struct and achieves this huge improvement using merely 1/1000 of the inference time as required by Cryo2Struct. Thus, E3-CryoFold represents a robust, streamlined, and cohesive paradigm for Cryo-EM structure determination.
Invasive versus conservative management of older patients with non-ST- elevation acute coronary syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Fan Shijie , Yuan Xiang , Wan Jun , Wang Peng , He Jinfeng , Li Kuilin , You Qiaoyu , Hou Jiayi , Li Xiao , Yang Xinyu , Xiang Ziyan , Luo Xiaohong , Rao Yang , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2025

Background
The benefits of conservative treatment versus invasive strategies for elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) remain ambiguous. Consequently, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess and compare the effects of invasive versus conservative treatment strategies in elderly patients diagnosed with NSTEACS.
Methods
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to October 2024 to identify RCTs comparing invasive versus conservative management in elderly patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 1 year, with secondary outcome including myocardial infarction (MI).
Results
Seven trials (2997 patients) reported primary outcome data, with six also providing data on myocardial infarction. At 1-year follow-up, there was no difference in all-cause mortality between the invasive treatment group and the conservative treatment group (RR 1.05, 95%CI 0.94 to 1.18, I2 = 0%) After a one-year follow-up, but invasive treatment reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (RR 0.74, 95%CI 0.57 to 0.95, I2 = 38%).
Conclusion
In the elderly with Non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, invasive treatment did not improve all-cause mortality at 1-year follow-up compared to conservative management. However, it was found to significantly lower the risk of myocardial infarction.
Paraventricular nucleus CRH neurons regulate acute lung injury via sympathetic nerve–neutrophil axis
Authors: Dai Ru-ping , Li Hui , Liu Tao , Wang Yang , Miao Xue-Mei , Xiong Yi-Yu , Zhao Qian , Shen Wei-Yun , Su Fuhong , Chen Kang
Published: February 2025

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are severe conditions with high morbidity and mortality, and effective treatments are limited. Neuroimmune interactions play a critical role in lung homeostasis, but it remains unclear if specific brain regions regulate lung inflammation. Here, we unveil the critical role of neuroimmune signaling in ALI, focusing on the regulatory function of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Using viral tracing, chemogenetic modulation, and pharmacological interventions in mouse models of ALI induced by intranasal lipopolysaccharide and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), we found that lung injury activated CRHPVN neurons that projected to the lung. Activation of these neurons protected mice from ALI and death, reducing neutrophil infiltration and effector functions in the lung. In contrast, inhibiting CRHPVN neurons exacerbated ALI. Notably, the beneficial impact of CRHPVN neuron activation is compromised by the pulmonary chemical sympathectomy or inhibition of the β2-adrenergic receptor. These protective effects were dependent on sympathetic nerves, with norepinephrine released locally to modulate neutrophil functions via β2-AR–β-arrestin2 signaling, inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Our findings reveal a brain-lung axis that regulates immune responses in ALI, suggesting novel therapeutic targets for ALI and ARDS.
OGAN-POW and Ensemble-Based Learning for Preserving Privacy in Financial Institutional
Authors: Bijalwan Jyotsna Ghildiyal , Bijalwan Anchit
Published: February 2025

AI and Blockchain applications are essential for modernizing outdated multimedia business models, technological processes, and industrial processes. It combines smart contracts and frames resilient technology to simplify service prices. The association of significant characteristics like instantly and securely self-verification with blockchain applications eliminated accessing the use of trustworthy third parties. The industrial 4th revolution employs AI Technology (AI) to analyze and retrieve vital information from real-world systems and hence produces the result of evolving scientific and industrial advancement. In order to increase system efficiency, it also uses digital analytics to connect the data with cloud and blockchain repositories. Investigating A.I. technologies and methodologies is still difficult due to security and privacy concerns. To protect privacy in financial institutions, the work suggests an Optimal Generative Adversarial Network-Based Proof of Work (OGAN-POW) consensus and 90%CI-Ensemble learning for malicious activity detection. The proposed framework is capable of performing a smooth node selection, system operations, service warnings, potential threats, and bogus allegations. Finally, Ensemble-based learning is used to examine data exchange and sharing. Ensemble learning evaluates the transactional services to reduce system strain and determines whether the transmission rate varies due to network connectivity issues. The results of the experiments show that the proposed methodology tends to achieve high throughput with low average latency and remains to be highly secure as compared to the methods currently considered to be state-of-the-art.
Thymoquinone inhibits tumor progression and promotes chemo-sensitivity via modulation of P21/PI3K/Akt axis in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Peng , Li Shaowen , Zhang Pei , Sun Yuanfang
Published: February 2025

Natural thymoquinone has been extensively used as a chemopreventive agent and has shown potent anticarcinogenic activity against a broad range of human malignancies. However, the underlying mechanisms and involving signaling pathways are still not well studies. Therefore, this study is aimed to evaluate the effects of thymoquinone on the increasing doxorubicin chemosensitivity via targeting P21 and PI3K/AKT signaling. Caco-2 cells were treated with thymoquinone. MTT assay were applied to assess the impact of different dose of thymoquinone on the doxorubicin cytotoxicity. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PI3K, Akt, P21, P53, Cyc D1, Cdk4, Cdk6, PCNA, Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 were assessed by qRT-PCR and western blotting. A cell death ELISA commercial kits were used to measure apoptosis. We found that thymoquinone treatment significantly decreased proliferation rate in Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells. The survival rate of cells was reduced significantly when doxorubicin was combined with thymoquinone. Thymoquinone upregulated p21, P53 and downregulated Cyc D1, Cdk4, Cdk6, PCNA, as well as suppressed PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. We conclude that thymoquinone induces doxorubicin sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells through targeting p21 and the PI3K/AKT pathway, thus implicating its importance in chemotherapy for colorectal cancer.
Integrative study of various populations of Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) based on morphological and molecular analyses (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae)
Authors: Latif Robabeh , Aminjan Atabak Roohi , Malek Masoumeh , Shekhovtsov Sergei V , Poluboyarova Tatiana V. , Briones Maria J.I.
Published: February 2025

Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) is one of the most common earthworm species found in the temperate regions of the Holarctic. In this study, we examined the molecular variation within this species by analyzing both nuclear and mitochondrial sequences. The phylogenetic results were combined with morphological, ecological, and genomic evidence to test species boundaries. Previous studies have divided this species into two lineages: Mediterranean and Eurosiberian. Our analyses revealed that almost all specimens collected from Iran lie within the two established lineages. Some genetic differences observed among the morphotypes in the Iranian populations may relate to their phylogeographic origins (Euro-Siberian/Mediterranean). Additionally, some morphological features might reflect differences in reproductive mode (sexual/parthenogenetic) due to specific ecological conditions.
Severe Bronchiectasis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis Due to Homozygous WFDC2 Variants: The First Three Cases Reported from Japan
Authors: Ito Masashi , Morimoto Kozo , Hijikata Minako , Hasegawa Hirotsugu , Wakabayashi Keiko , Miyabayashi Akiko , Keicho Naoto
Published: February 2025

We report the first three cases of bronchiectasis caused by homozygous WFDC2 variants in Japan. The ages at diagnosis of bronchiectasis were 18, 24, and 16 years, and all patients had a history of chronic sinusitis since childhood. Despite low nasal nitric oxide levels, the radiologic features resembled those of cystic fibrosis, characterized by bronchiectasis predominantly in the upper lobes. All patients experienced frequent exacerbations and respiratory dysfunction, even with long-term macrolide therapy. Consequently, two of the three patients required lung transplantation. Considering the possibility of founder mutations, WFDC2 variants should be included in diagnostic panels for patients with sinopulmonary disease in Asian populations.
Metabolic synergy and complementarity in the Ips typographus holobiont
Authors: Saati-Santamaría Zaki , Kostovčík Martin , Veselská Tereza , Švec Karel , Kolařík Miroslav
Published: February 2025

Microbial symbiosis plays a central role in shaping ecological and evolutionary processes, driving the adaptation of host organisms to challenging environments. However, the mechanisms underlying functional integration and metabolic cooperation within holobionts remain poorly understood. Current research often emphasizes the taxonomic composition of microbiomes, but the metabolic interactions that sustain these associations are less explored, especially in nutrient-poor ecosystems. This study addresses this knowledge gap by investigating the metabolic interdependencies and associations within the gut microbiome of the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus, ESBB). Using meta-transcriptomic analyses, we reveal the critical contributions of bacterial and fungal symbionts in facilitating host survival. Our findings show that microbial partners compensate for host metabolic deficiencies, with cross-kingdom cooperation enabling the biosynthesis of essential nutrients such as amino acids and vitamins. Furthermore, a division of labor among microbial taxa is evident, with bacteria primarily degrading plant polymers such as xylan and pectin, and fungi specializing in glucan degradation. Functional redundancy in key pathways suggests an adaptive mechanism to ensure nutrient availability under fluctuating microbial community composition. In addition, we identify a previously unappreciated pathway for nitrogen acquisition via bacterial oxidation of inorganic nitrogen. Our findings highlight the ecological importance of metabolic interdependencies in holobionts and their role in the evolutionary success of symbiotic associations. Our results provide a framework for exploring microbial cooperation in nutrient cycling and resource use.
Exploring Type Iax supernovae observables and progenitors through one-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of CO white dwarfs
Authors: Yang Thomas Zhirui , Moon Dae-Sik
Published: February 2025

Early-time radioactive signals from type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) can provide important constraints on the explosion mechanism and the progenitor system. We investigate whether shock ignition models of Chandresehkar-mass carbon oxygen white dwarf stars in the SD WD-He star scenario can account for observed population of the Type Iax supernovae (SN Iax) explosions. We compute 8 1D full-star radiation-hydrodynamic explosion models (using SNEC) from a WD model accreting pure helium from its helium star companion (using MESA), and compare their synthetic light curves as well as other profiles with that of well-observed real SNe Iax. In addition, we explore how the amount of nickel placed from the core of WD would shape these light curves. We find the 56Ni shows a directly proportional relationship to peak luminosity, as peak luminosities of some models match to corresponding SNe Iax with calculated nickel masses. We find that synthetic lightcurves of our models predict early time light curves of observed SNe Iax fairly well, while more discrepancies arise after ~40 days after explosion. Which suggests that real SNe Iax has a more efficient γ-ray deposition in later times than models. This is also shown through color light curves, where model with MNi=0.25M⊙ has a decline rate of Δm15(B)=2.57 mag. Models also predict low-energy SNe better, such as with SN 2023mnc, SN 2019gsc, and SN 2019muj. The photospheric velocity of models reaches a peak kick velocity of ~167000 kms-1 for an Eexp=1.63x1052 erg explosion and then quickly decelerates to stationary at ~15 days. We find that velocity profile of the models shows similar deceleration rate as real SNe Iax and the power law after its been scaled by a factor of 0.1 to match SNe Iax explosion energies.
UK ADHD treatment rates – a regional variation model
Authors: French Blandine , Davies James , Williams Chris , Kirby Amanda
Published: February 2025

Background – Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common condition impacting approximately 5% of children and 3-4% of adults in the United Kingdom (UK). While it cannot be cured, treatment has shown to positively impact the difficulties associated with ADHD. However, ADHD is widely under-diagnosed and under-treated in the UK. This paper reports the results of a model developed to estimate pharmacological treatment rates by area across National Health Service (NHS) integrated care systems (ICSs) in England, health boards in Scotland and Wales, and health & social care trusts (HSCTs) in Northern Ireland.
Methods - The model used UK general population and ADHD prevalence data to estimate the number of patients with ADHD in each area. Prescription data for medicines licensed for the treatment of ADHD were then used to estimate the number of patients that are untreated and treated, and percentage treatment rates by area.
Results - Nationally, the estimated proportions of the children and young people (CYP; 5–17 years) and adult populations (18–65 years) treated were 26.6% and 15.6%, respectively, of the expected ADHD populations. Treatment rates by ICS or health board in England, Scotland and Wales ranged from 11.7% to 60.6% for the CYP population, and 8.6% to 24.8% in the adult population (data for Northern Ireland were not available by age group). Overall treatment rates (ages 5–65 years) in Northern Ireland ranged from 6.7% in the lowest ranking HSCT to 31.1% in the highest-ranking HSCT.
Conclusions - In the UK, there is currently a high degree of geographic variation across all NHS systems and a generally low level of treatment of ADHD, especially in adults. Up to a 4.6-fold difference in pharmacological treatment rates was observed between NHS service provider areas.
Engaging Leadership Reduces Quiet Quitting and Improves Work Engagement: Evidence from Nurses in Greece
Authors: Moisoglou Ioannis , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Papathanasiou Ioanna V. , Konstantakopoulou Olympia , Katharaki Maria , Galanis Petros
Published: February 2025

Aim: To examine the impact of engaging leadership on quiet quitting and work engagement among nurses.
Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample.
Methods: Data collection occurred in October 2024 via an online survey. We used valid tools to measure our study variables; the “Engaging Leadership Scale-12” for engaging leadership, the “Quiet Quitting Scale” for quiet quitting, and the “Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-3” for work engagement. We applied univariate and multivariable linear regression analysis to identify the association between engaging leadership, quiet quitting and work engagement.
Results: Our multivariable models showed a negative association between engaging leadership and quiet quitting connecting. Moreover, we found a positive association between engaging leadership and work engagement after elimination of confounders.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that higher levels of engaging leadership reduce quiet quitting and improve work engagement. Nurses managers should adopt engaging leadership to improve nurses’ motivation and thus, clinical outcomes.
Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: Nurses that tend to quiet quitting and exhibit disengagement markedly diminish their performance, opt to deliver reduced nursing care, and their job lacks vitality. They frequently contemplate resigning from their employment. Nonetheless, such work behavior can compromise the quality and safety of care, result in missing care, and lead to patient dissatisfaction.
Impact: Our study emphasizes the significant impact of engaging leadership, which enhances nurses' motivation and engagement to work by strengthening, empowering, fostering teamwork, and inspiring them. The adoption and implementation of engaging leadership by nursing administrations serves as a crucial supportive mechanism within the demanding work environment of nurses.
Mein Weg von der Soziologie zur Ethnologie
Authors: Spittler Gerd
Published: February 2025

Artikel
Temple desecration in the sixteenth-century Deccan?
Authors: Wagoner Phillip B.
Published: February 2025

This article reconstructs the complex history of a contested religious building inside the fort at Adoni, in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. When I surveyed it in June 2006, it had been partly demolished, the result of a day of communal rioting between Hindus and Muslims in October 1977. The building had been targeted by a group of Hindu youths based on their mistaken belief that the edifice had originally been a Hindu temple that had subsequently been converted into a mosque. The youths believed they were retaliating for the earlier desecration of their supposed temple, but its formal and structural features show that the building could never have functioned as such and must always have been a mosque. In fact it had been built as a mosque under the patronage of the Vijayanagara kings, Hindu rulers who had it constructed in the Vijayanagara style for the Muslim warriors in their service. When Vijayanagara lost control of Adoni, and it was taken over by the rulers of Bijapur, they transformed the mosque by plastering over Vijayanagara stylistic elements and reconstructing it in the Bijapuri metropolitan style. What the youths viewed in 1977 as the religious conversion of a temple into a mosque was in actuality the stylistic conversion of a Vijayanagara mosque into a Bijapuri one.
Agricultural Diversification in Rural North-West India
Authors: Dalal Anjali
Published: February 2025

Artikel
Xanthan gum: Secondary raw materials for biosynthesis, isolation and application
Authors: Kurbanov G. F. , Prichepa A. O. , Sharova N. Yu.
Published: February 2025

The inevitable consequence of population growth is the development of agriculture and food production, which in turn has an impact on the volumes of secondary raw materials production. The processing of these materials can present significant challenges. One of the most effective solutions to this problem is the use of microbiological synthesis to create products with high added value. A notable example is xanthan gum, a biopolymer that has been utilized in a multitude of industries, including food, oil, pharmaceutical, and medicine. The value of xanthan gum is contingent upon its distinctive physicochemical properties, particularly its capacity to enhance the viscosity of solutions. The process of obtaining xanthan gum is conducted through the fermentation of liquid high-carbon media. The primary producer is the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris, a phytopathogen of cruciferous plants, which converts carbohydrates into a biopolymer of commercial value. This literature review examines several topics related to xanthan gum and its synthesis by X. campestris, with particular attention paid to the success of obtaining the target product using food production waste and secondary agricultural raw materials.
Penelitian Artificial Intelligence untuk Satelit Komunikasi menggunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST)
Authors: Jonathan Sinaga Tommy
Published: February 2025

Satelit Komunikasi menawarkan harapan berkelanjutan secara berkala pada layanan area yang belum dan sudah terjangkau, dengan skalabilitas layanan. Namun, beberapa masalah harus diatasi terlebih dahulu untuk merealisasikan manfaat ini, seperti manajemen sumber daya, kontrol jaringan, keamanan jaringan, manajemen spektrum, dan penggunaan energi satelit lebih sulit dibandingkan dengan jaringan terestrial. Sementara itu, kecerdasan buatan (AI), adalah termasuk pembelajaran mesin yang mendalam, dan pembelajaran keamanan terus berkembang, sebagai bidang penelitian dan telah menunjukkan hasil yang berbagai macam dalam berbagai aplikasi, termasuk komunikasi nirkabel. Secara khusus, penerapan AI pada berbagai aspek komunikasi satelit yang menunjukkan potensi sangat baik, termasuk beam- hopping, anti-jamming, peramalan lalu lintas jaringan, pemodelan saluran, penambangan telemetri, pendeteksian kilau ionosfer, pengelolaan interferensi, pengindraan jarak jauh, pemodelan perilaku, pengintegrasian ruang-udara-darat, dan pengelolaan energi. Karya ini memberikan gambaran umum tentang AI dan sub-bidangnya yang beragam, dan algoritma modern. Beberapa masalah yang dihadapi dalam berbagai aspek sistem komunikasi satelit yang dibahas, dan solusi berbasis kecerdasan buatan yang diusulkan dan solusi berbasis kecerdasan buatan yang potensial disuguhkan. Akhirnya, sebuah pandangan tentang bidang ini digambarkan, dengan langkah-langkah di masa depan yang diharapkan.
Difference equations: From Berry connections to the Coulomb branch
Authors: Ferrari Andrea E. V. , Zhang Daniel
Published: February 2025

In recent work, we demonstrated that a spectral variety for the Berry connection of a 2d \mathcal{N}=(2,2)𝒩=(2,2) GLSM with Kähler vacuum moduli space XX and Abelian flavour symmetry is the support of a sheaf induced by a certain action on the equivariant quantum cohomology of XX. This action could be quantised to first-order matrix difference equations obeyed by brane amplitudes, and by taking the conformal limit, vortex partition functions. In this article, we elucidate how some of these results may be recovered from a 3d perspective, by placing the 2d theory at a boundary and gauging the flavour symmetry via a bulk A-twisted 3d \mathcal{N}=4𝒩=4 gauge theory (a sandwich construction). We interpret the above action as that of the bulk Coulomb branch algebra on boundary twisted chiral operators. This relates our work to recent constructions of actions of Coulomb branch algebras on quantum equivariant cohomology, providing a novel correspondence between these actions and spectral data of generalised periodic monopoles. The effective IR description of the 2d theory in terms of a twisted superpotential allows for explicit computations of these actions, which we demonstrate for Abelian GLSMs.
Estrategias de ataque en la publicidad política digital: alcance elevado con bajo nivel de interacción
Authors: Rodríguez-Sánchez Celeste-Anai , Echeverría Martín
Published: February 2025

Research on digital political advertising in Mexico is in an exploratory stage, without literature that addresses the consequences of persuasive digital communication, both posted in general and those are expressed on digital platforms, as a consequence of the two-way dialogue between content and users. In international literature it is observed that during political races interactions within digital platforms increase because of emotional and identity content, where negative and attack content usually generate engagement and negative emotional reactions in users. The aim of this research is to delve into the consequences of negative political advertising in terms of its ability to provoke greater interactions and a higher degree of engagement in users. The digital political advertising broadcast during the governmental electoral process of the State of Mexico in 2023 was analyzed, coding it for its negativity and attack tactics. Likewise, user reactions and comments from each spot were recovered to calculate the engagement generated by each of the recovered pieces. Finally, the analyzed negativity variables and the engagement metrics were linked, using Mann-Whitney u for the statistical significance of these relationships. It was found that negative pieces generate greater interactions compared to positive ones, and more views, but a lower level of overall engagement. It is concluded that the negative attack spots are the most viewed and commented on than the positive ones, and that the spots based on direct attacks are more shared, that is, they have greater support from users.
INOVAÇÃO EM FOTOREATORES: DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM SISTEMA DE BAIXO CUSTO POR IMPRESSÃO 3D PARA REAÇÕES FOTOCATALISADAS
Authors: Evangelista Edson , P. V. de Carvalho Yuri , M. L. Alves Daniel , S. Rodrigues Maria Eduarda , P. Oliveira Guilherme , M. Dornellas Rafael , da S. M. Forezi Luana
Published: February 2025

INNOVATION IN PHOTOREACTORS: DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST 3D PRINTING SYSTEM FOR PHOTOCATALYZED REACTIONS. The interaction between light and chemical reactions in photochemistry is essential for triggering previously inaccessible transformations and optimizing known reactions. Building efficient photoreactors faces challenges like temperature control, proper agitation, and safe light irradiation. The initiative to develop an affordable LED (light-emitting diode) photoreactor demonstrates the feasibility of adjustable versatile systems for different wavelengths, allowing reactions to be carried out on a microscale and a preparative scale. Furthermore, the importance of customized photoreactors is emphasized as they provide temperature stabilization, precise light exposure control, and the ability to adapt to different light sources, maximizing the efficiency and selectivity of photochemical reactions. This work presents the development and application of a low-cost, functional, adaptable, and efficient photoreactor. Practical evaluation conducted in the arylation of furan C–H showed adequate temperature control, good light irradiation intensity, appropriate wavelength of applied light, agitation for mixture homogenization, and reaction scale-up. The experimentally observed factors contribute to validating the reactor’s efficiency.
A hybrid data assimilation and machine learning approach for enhancing operational forecasting in 2D hydrodynamic models
Authors: Cremer Clemens Johannes Matthias , Mariegaard Jesper Sandvig , Andersson Henrik Johan
Published: February 2025

Data assimilation (DA) integrates observations to enhance model predictions, but its benefits can rapidly decay during forecast for models heavily influenced by boundary conditions. To extend forecast accuracy, we combine machine learning (ML) with DA in a hybrid approach. We utilize ML to create synthetic point observations, which are assimilated into the model and thus propagated to other positions and model variables. In a case study, we apply the approach to a tidal estuary hydrodynamic model using a long short-term memory (LSTM) network for ML forecasts and the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) for assimilation. Hereby, physical consistency and spatial representation of water levels in the estuary are maintained. Our results from 100 forecast runs show significant improvements: over 40% accuracy increase in forecasts up to 4 h ahead, and a >5% error reduction at 9 h compared with a traditional numerical model without assimilation.
Source identification and characterization of water-insoluble single particulate matter in rainfall sequences
Authors: Kilic Murat , Kilic Serpil , Pamukoğlu Muhammet Yunus
Published: February 2025

Analysis of atmospheric pollutants in rainwater provides valuable information on the environmental impacts of both natural and anthropogenic pollution sources. Air pollution studies often show that particulate matter (PM) collection on filters is used for subsequent analysis. However, this approach can result in significant particle accumulation on filters and complicate their characterization by semi-quantitative analytical techniques. In this study, insoluble PM in sequentially collected rainwater samples was analyzed for particle size, morphology, and chemical composition. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and a particle size analyzer were used for these analyses. By combining SEM–EDS data with particle size distribution analyses, chemical composition findings, and upper atmosphere back-orbit modeling, specific sources of insoluble particles in rainwater were identified. In addition, rainwater samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, and major anions and cations. The pH values varied from 6.19 to 7.04, while the electrical conductivity values varied from 5.35 to 83.53 μS/cm. Among the major ions, relatively high concentrations of Ca2+, SO42−, and NO3− were detected, while F−, Mg2+, Na+, and Cl− were observed in lower concentrations. The contributions of sea salt were evidenced by the presence of Cl− and Na+ ions.
United States floods within the context of atmospheric moisture sources and pathways
Authors: Aljoda Ali , Jain Shaleen
Published: February 2025

Floods are devastating and costly, making accurate flood frequency and magnitude estimates essential for engineering and planning. This study examines flood characterization within a hydroclimate context. At-site analysis links flood events to atmospheric moisture pathways and source origins to understand the floods regionality and develop new modalities for flood frequency estimation in a changing climate. A novel principal curves approach is developed and applied to 623 stream gauges across the conterminous United States (US) over the 1956–2015 period, analyzing 37,380 annual floods, with Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) contributing ∼73%. The Northwest, West, Northeast, and Southeast experienced 70–100% AR-driven floods, while the East North Central, Central, South, and Southwest saw <70%, and the West North Central had <15%. Attributing floods to their moisture source significantly improves flood frequency curves, enhancing upper-tail fit and reducing uncertainties. Pacific Ocean ARs increase the 100-year flood magnitude by up to 345% in the West, Atlantic Ocean ARs amplify it by 400% in the East North Central, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico ARs raise it by 350% in the South, and Local Moisture increases it by 600% in the Southeast. These findings enhance flood risk management and climate adaptation strategies.
Atividade cicatrizante da própolis vermelha em feridas cirúrgica de gatas submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia
Authors:   , Medeiros Gerard Vicente Dantes de
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do extrato hidroetanólico de própolis
vermelha, produzida pela Apis mellifera no semiárido, Brasil, na cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em gatas submetidos à ovarisalpingohisterectomia. Também avaliou-se a composição química, os efeitos citotóxicos e atividade antioxidante da própolis vermelha. O teor total de fenol foi determinado pelo método Folin Ciocalteu e flavonóide pelo método de espectrofotometria. A composição química do estrato foi realizada pelo método HPLCDADESI-MS/MS. A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada pelo método DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrilidrazyl) e a citotoxicidade foi avaliada pelo método colorimétrico MTT utilizando fibroblastos L929 e queratinócitos HACAT expostos a diferentes concentrações de extrato de própolis vermelha (500, 250, 125, 62,5, 31,2 e 15,6 µg/mL) por 72 horas. O efeito cicatrizante do extrato foi avaliado em 60 gatos domésticos (Felis catus) distribuídos em três grupos: Grupo I (grupo teste) composto por 20 gatas submetidos a ovarisalpingofisterectomia tratados com aplicação tópica de 0,2 ml de 50 mg / ml (EEPV); Grupo II (grupo referência) com 20 gatas que também receberam aplicação tópica de 0,2 ml de solução comercial à base de rifamicina (Rifocina®), e Grupo III (grupo controle), também composto por 20 animais tratados com aplicação tópica de 0,2 ml de solução fisiológica NaCl 0,9%. As feridas cirúrgicas foram avaliadas quanto aos aspectos clínicos, macroscópicos e histológicos no 3º, 7º, 14º e 21º dias de pós-operatório. Sobre a composição química do extrato etanólico de própolis vermelha, ressalta-se que foram identificados 26
flavonóides, altos valores de fenois totais e alta atividade antioxidante. O extrato de própolis não teve efeito citotóxico em nenhuma das linhagens celular testadas. Foram observadas altas porcentagens de viabilidade celular, variando de 80,0% a 94,4% para fibroblastos L929 e 78,0% a 91,5% de ceratócitos (Hacat). A própolis vermelha exerceu influência positiva na cicatrização de feridas de gatas submetidos à ovarisalpingohisterectomia, pois promoveu resposta inflamatória menos intensa, fechamento rápido da ferida, deposição precoce de colágeno e reepitelização. Portanto, concluiu-se que o extrato etanólico da própolis vermelha não exerceu efeito citotóxico in vitro, apresentou altos teores de fenóis totais, diferentes tipos de flavanóides, elevada atividade antioxidante e promoveu a aceleração da cicatrização
de feridas cirúrgicas.
Caracterização biometrica, coproparasitologica e do perfil bioquímico de periquitos-da-caatinga (Eupsittula cactorum) de vida livre e cativeiros ilegais do RN e BA
Authors:   , Santana Vanessa Silva
Published: February 2025

A determinação dos parâmetros bioquímicos no sangue é uma ferramenta para auxiliar o diagnóstico de doenças metabólicas, definir o perfil nutricional de uma população e permitir uma avaliação clínica mais aprofundada de indivíduos. Na clínica de aves é comum utilizar padrões de referência baseados na literatura, onde foram usadas amostras com número pequeno de animais, que não foram corretamente caracterizadas e sem descrições detalhadas das metodologias utilizadas para os exames laboratoriais. Apesar da existência de diversas técnicas padronizadas para o estudo de animais domésticos e que podem ser úteis também para espécies silvestres, ainda há uma lacuna de padrões de referência para muitas espécies de aves silvestres. Embora as aves de cativeiro possam apresentar doenças semelhantes àquelas observadas em vida livre, há escassez de dados clínicos, epidemiológicos e laboratoriais que acabam por limitar o diagnóstico de doenças metabólicas e/ou nutricionais. No Brasil, é cultural a manutenção ilegal de animais oriundos de caça que acaba por culminar numa prática sem cuidados veterinários para esses animais. Isso leva à erros de manejo na criação, principalmente no que diz respeito ao manejo nutricional adequado trazendo danos à saúde dos animais. Através da amostragem de animais oriundos de apreensões e da captura e amostragem de animais de vida livre em regiões pré-estabelecidas, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo: 1) compilar dados sobre parâmetros bioquímicos normais de psitacídeos neotropicais disponíveis na literatura, 2) compilar dados de parâmetros bioquímicos alterados de psitacídeos neotropicais disponíveis na literatura, 3) caracterizar referências dos parâmetros bioquímicos normais para Eupsittula cactorum e comparar com os parâmetros bioquímicos de animais da mesma espécie advindos de apreensão e 4) identificar parasitas intestinais de Eupsittula cactorum de vida livre e advindos de apreensão. Em relação ao sexo, analisando todos os animais, as médias de CK, FA e GGT foram mais elevadas em fêmeas. A Fosfatase Alcalina (FA) mostrou diferenças estatísticas nos valores quando comparada entre sexo e idade. AST também apresentou diferentes valores quando comparada entre sexos e idades. GGT mostrou diferença nos valores entre sexos. Com relação às medidas, a massa corporal (peso) demonstrou diferença entre sexo e idade. Animais jovens apresentaram diferenças significativas nas medidas peso, tarso e comprimento total. Na avaliação coproparasitológica dos animais de vida livre, 57,14% foram negativos e 14,28% positivos para oocisto de coccídeo não esporulado; 21,42% positivos pra coccídeo e 7,14% positivo pra coccídeo e ovos da família Trichostrongylidae. Na avaliação dos animais de apreensão, 11,62% foram positivos para oocistos de coccídeos.