bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of a hydrophobic coating to a pressurized pipe and its effect on energy losses and fluid flow profile
Authors: Muñóz Antonio J. , Reca Juan , Martínez Juan
Published: April 2024

The use of additives, generally called DRAs (Drag Reducing Additives), has been proposed to re-duce the energy consumption in pressurized pipes. Although many research works have been conducted to analyze the effect of these additives, less attention have been devoted to the application of coatings to the pipe wall. This paper demonstrates that the application of a hydrophobic coating to the pipe can lead to a head loss reduction for a transition flow regime with moderate Reynolds number values (Re). For this purpose, an experiment was conducted to compare the performance of both coated and uncoated pipes by measuring the head losses and assessing the Drag Reduction Percentage (%DR) and the pipe friction factor (f). This was done for two Polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipes with different nominal diameters (PVC90 and PVC63). In addition, the flow velocity distribution was also measured in all these tests. The %DR decreased as the Re values increased, with the reduction being notably less pronounced for higher Re values. This could be explained by the fact that a partial slip condition is induced by the hydrophobic product. Its effect is significant for a transition regime where the effect of viscosity is important, but it becomes negligible for increasing levels of turbulence. No significant differences were observed in the flow distribution between coated and uncoated pipes, which seems to indicate that the velocity change could be limited to the near-wall viscous sublayer. The results of this work open an important research line aimed at reducing energy costs and the carbon footprint in pipe fluid distribution systems.
Targeting TRIP13 in favorable histology Wilms tumor with nuclear export inhibitors synergizes with doxorubicin
Authors: Mittal Karuna , Cooper Garrett W. , Lee Benjamin P. , Su Yongdong , Skinner Katie T. , Shim Jenny , Jonus Hunter C. , Kim Won Jun , Doshi Mihir , Almanza Diego , Kynnap Bryan D. , Christie Amanda L. , Yang Xiaoping , Cowley Glenn S. , Leeper Brittaney A. , Morton Christopher L. , Dwivedi Bhakti , Lawrence Taylor , Rupji Manali , Keskula Paula , Meyer Stephanie , Clinton Catherine M. , Bhasin Manoj , Crompton Brian D. , Tseng Yuen-Yi , Boehm Jesse S. , Ligon Keith L. , Root David E. , Murphy Andrew J. , Weinstock David M. , Gokhale Prafulla C. , Spangle Jennifer M. , Rivera Miguel N. , Mullen Elizabeth A. , Stegmaier Kimberly , Goldsmith Kelly C. , Hahn William C. , Hong Andrew L.
Published: April 2024

Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common renal malignancy of childhood. Despite improvements in the overall survival, relapse occurs in ~15% of patients with favorable histology WT (FHWT). Half of these patients will succumb to their disease. Identifying novel targeted therapies remains challenging in part due to the lack of faithful preclinical in vitro models. Here we establish twelve patient-derived WT cell lines and demonstrate that these models faithfully recapitulate WT biology using genomic and transcriptomic techniques. We then perform loss-of-function screens to identify the nuclear export gene, XPO1, as a vulnerability. We find that the FDA approved XPO1 inhibitor, KPT-330, suppresses TRIP13 expression, which is required for survival. We further identify synergy between KPT-330 and doxorubicin, a chemotherapy used in high-risk FHWT. Taken together, we identify XPO1 inhibition with KPT-330 as a potential therapeutic option to treat FHWTs and in combination with doxorubicin, leads to durable remissions in vivo.
Coulomb exchange as source of Kitaev and off-diagonal symmetric anisotropic couplings
Authors: Bhattacharyya Pritam , Petersen Thorben , Bogdanov Nikolay A. , Hozoi Liviu
Published: April 2024

Exchange underpins the magnetic properties of quantum matter. In its most basic form, it occurs through the interplay of Pauli’s exclusion principle and Coulomb repulsion, being referred to as Coulomb or direct exchange. Pauli’s exclusion principle combined with inter-atomic electron hopping additionally leads to kinetic exchange and superexchange. Here we disentangle the different exchange channels in anisotropic Kitaev–Heisenberg context. By quantum chemical computations, we show that anisotropic Coulomb exchange, completely neglected so far in the field, may be as large as (or even larger than) other contributions — kinetic exchange and superexchange. This opens new perspectives onto anisotropic exchange mechanisms and sets the proper conceptual framework for further research on tuning Kitaev–Heisenberg magnetism.
Hyperconcentrated flows shape bedrock channels
Authors: Stammberger Verena , Jacobs Benjamin , Krautblatter Michael
Published: April 2024

Geomorphological evidence of incised bedrock channels is widespread in all mountain landscapes worldwide. However, the processes controlling incision and gorge formation in bedrock have not directly been observed in an actualistic way. Here, we show a LiDAR change detection deciphering the erosive power of a 60,000 m3hyperconcentrated flow (transition between flood and debris flow) in a deeply incised rock gorge in June, 2020. The flow laterally eroded up to 1 m of massive limestone and widened a 4 m narrow section of the gorge by up to 15%. Sinuosity, convergence, and gradient of the channel were proven to not influence erosivity indicating the hyperconcentrated nature of erosion. Furthermore, other than in prior studies no abrasion of thin rock veneer dominates erosion but mechanically excited breakout of rock fragments. Magnitude-frequency relations of eroded volumes mimic subaerial rock wall retreat. We show how single hyperconcentrated flows can erode bedrock channels far more efficient than decades of turbulent flows and hypothesise that repeated hyperconcentrated flows in phases of enhanced precipitation or by elevated material supply could control erosion boosts in gorge formation, e.g. in the Lateglacial or during climatic fluctuations.
Lifelong absence of microglia alters hippocampal glutamatergic networks but not synapse and spine density
Authors: Surala Michael , Soso-Zdravkovic Luna , Munro David , Rifat Ali , Ouk Koliane , Vida Imre , Priller Josef , Madry Christian
Published: April 2024

Microglia sculpt developing neural circuits by eliminating excess synapses in a process called synaptic pruning, by removing apoptotic neurons, and by promoting neuronal survival. To elucidate the role of microglia during embryonic and postnatal brain development, we used a mouse model deficient in microglia throughout life by deletion of the fms-intronic regulatory element (FIRE) in the Csf1r locus. Surprisingly, young adult Csf1rΔFIRE/ΔFIRE mice display no changes in excitatory and inhibitory synapse number and spine density of CA1 hippocampal neurons compared with Csf1r+/+ littermates. However, CA1 neurons are less excitable, receive less CA3 excitatory input and show altered synaptic properties, but this does not affect novel object recognition. Cytokine profiling indicates an anti-inflammatory state along with increases in ApoE levels and reactive astrocytes containing synaptic markers in Csf1rΔFIRE/ΔFIRE mice. Notably, these changes in Csf1rΔFIRE/ΔFIRE mice closely resemble the effects of acute microglial depletion in adult mice after normal development. Our findings suggest that microglia are not mandatory for synaptic pruning, and that in their absence pruning can be achieved by other mechanisms.
FOXF1 promotes tumor vessel normalization and prevents lung cancer progression through FZD4
Authors: Bian Fenghua , Goda Chinmayee , Wang Guolun , Lan Ying-Wei , Deng Zicheng , Gao Wen , Acharya Anusha , Reza Abid A , Gomez-Arroyo Jose , Merjaneh Nawal , Ren Xiaomeng , Goveia Jermaine , Carmeliet Peter , Kalinichenko Vladimir V , Kalin Tanya V
Published: April 2024

Cancer cells re-program normal lung endothelial cells (EC) into tumor-associated endothelial cells (TEC) that form leaky vessels supporting carcinogenesis. Transcriptional regulators that control the reprogramming of EC into TEC are poorly understood. We identified Forkhead box F1 (FOXF1) as a critical regulator of EC-to-TEC transition. FOXF1 was highly expressed in normal lung vasculature but was decreased in TEC within non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Low FOXF1 correlated with poor overall survival of NSCLC patients. In mice, endothelial-specific deletion of FOXF1 decreased pericyte coverage, increased vessel permeability and hypoxia, and promoted lung tumor growth and metastasis. Endothelial-specific overexpression of FOXF1 normalized tumor vessels and inhibited the progression of lung cancer. FOXF1 deficiency decreased Wnt/β-catenin signaling in TECs through direct transcriptional activation of Fzd4. Restoring FZD4 expression in FOXF1-deficient TECs through endothelial-specific nanoparticle delivery of Fzd4 cDNA rescued Wnt/β-catenin signaling in TECs, normalized tumor vessels and inhibited the progression of lung cancer. Altogether, FOXF1 increases tumor vessel stability, and inhibits lung cancer progression by stimulating FZD4/Wnt/β-catenin signaling in TECs. Nanoparticle delivery of FZD4 cDNA has promise for future therapies in NSCLC.
Phase-field crystal modeling of graphene/hexagonal boron nitride interfaces
Authors: Channe Shrikant S.
Published: April 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) are an essential class of materials with enhanced structural and electronic properties compared to their bulk counterparts.
Improving the estimation accuracy of confined vapor–liquid equilibria by fine-tuning the pure component parameter in the PC-SAFT equation of state
Authors: Roosta Aliakbar , Zendehboudi Sohrab , Rezaei Nima
Published: April 2024

We propose a thermodynamic model that combines the Young–Laplace equation and PC-SAFT EoS to estimate capillary condensation pressure in microporous and mesoporous sorbents.
Layer-by-layer thinning of two-dimensional materials
Authors: Pham Phuong V. , Mai The-Hung , Do Huy-Binh , Vasundhara M. , Nguyen Van-Huy , Nguyen Trieu , Bui Hao Van , Dao Van-Duong , Gupta Ram K. , Ponnusamy Vinoth Kumar , Park Jin-Hong
Published: April 2024

Etching technology – one of the representative modern semiconductor device makers – serves as a broad descriptor for the process of removing material from the surfaces of various materials, whether partially or entirely.
Excellent thermomagnetic power generation for harvesting waste heat via a second-order ferromagnetic transition
Authors: Chen Haodong , Liu Xianliang , Liu Yao , Xie Longlong , Yu Ziyuan , Qiao Kaiming , Liu Mingze , Hu Fengxia , Shen Baogen , Ramanujan R. V. , Chu Ke , Zhang Hu
Published: April 2024

NiMnIn Heusler alloys with second-order ferromagnetic transition show good thermomagnetic generation (TMG) performance with zero hysteresis and a long-term service life, enabling them to be better candidates for practical applications of TMG.
Guanidine modification improves functions of natural RNA-targeting alkaloids
Authors: Endoh Tamaki , Satpathi Sagar , Chen Yutong , Matsumoto Saki , Ohyama Tatsuya , Podbevšek Peter , Plavec Janez , Onizuka Kazumitsu , Nagatsugi Fumi , Sugimoto Naoki
Published: April 2024

Guanidine modification on berberine improved RNA binding affinity and enhanced suppression of protein expression.
Regio- and stereo-selective synthesis of β-phenylthio enamidesviaintramolecular 1,2-thiol migration
Authors: Zhuang Yunqing , Zhang Jin , Yang Kai , Bi Gehua , Huang Xin , Zhang Weimin
Published: April 2024

An efficient and novel method for the direct synthesis of β-phenylthio enamidesviaintramolecular 1,2-thiol migration has been developed.
Catalytic degradation of pine sawdust over heterotopic Ca–Fe and HZSM-5 to produce aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Kang Huifen , Guo Xintong , An Mei , Ma Conghua , Chang Guozhang , Guo Qingjie , Ma Jingjing
Published: April 2024

Up to 90.47% aromatic proportion and a 31.02 mg g−1 BTEX yield were obtained by heterogeneous catalysis of Ca–Fe and HZSM-5.
Experimental observation of near-wall effects during the puncture of soft solids
Authors: Barney Christopher W. , Berezvai Szabolcs , Chau Allison L. , Kwon Younghoon , Pitenis Angela A. , McMeeking Robert M. , Valentine Megan T. , Helgeson Matthew E.
Published: April 2024

The measured force during a puncture test is found to increase when the needle tip is near to the vial walls. An experimental method for quantifying this increase in stiffness is developed.
Measuring mechanical cues for modeling the stromal matrix in 3D cell cultures
Authors: Srbova Linda , Arasalo Ossi , Lehtonen Arttu J. , Pokki Juho
Published: April 2024

An approach to quantify microscale viscoelasticity in breast-cancer-associated stromal tissues was developed for cell-scale analyses of physiologically stiff 3D cell cultures.
Green solvents in battery recycling: status and challenges
Authors: Qiao Wenyuan , Zhang Ren , Wen Yikai , Wang Xinyi , Wang Zheng , Tang Guoqiang , Liu Minghao , Kang Hyokyeong , Said Zafar , Hwang Jang-Yeon , Liu Changhui
Published: April 2024

A green solvent hybrid system will bring about sustainable development in the battery industry by efficiently and environmentally friendly recycling of valuable resources contained in waste batteries.
Investigating versatile capabilities of organic field-effect transistors incorporated with vacuum-deposited metal nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Ji Hwan , Jo Il-Young , Baek Seokhyeon , Cho Hong-rae , Park Sungjun , Lee Jongwon , Kim Chang-Hyun , Yoon Myung-Han
Published: April 2024

Optically programmable organic field-effect transistors, developed using vacuum-deposited metal nanoparticles, enhance photocarrier generation and act as charge trapping centers, modulating charge retention.
Biochemical changes in lipid and protein metabolism caused by mannose-Raman spectroscopy studies
Authors: Kopeć Monika , Beton-Mysur Karolina , Abramczyk Halina
Published: April 2024

Biochemical analysis of human normal bronchial cells (BEpiC) and human cancer lung cells (A549) has been performed by using Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging.
Deciphering biomolecular complexities: the indispensable role of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in modern bioanalytical research
Authors: Xia Ling , Huang Yujiang , Wang Qiuying , Wang Xiaotong , Wang Yunpeng , Wu Jing , Li Yang
Published: April 2024

Overview of recent studies on SERS for biomolecular complexities analysis.
Rapid and green quantification of phloridzin and trilobatin in Lithocarpus litseifolius (Hance) Chun (sweet tea) using an online pressurized liquid extraction high-performance liquid chromatography at equal absorption wavelength method
Authors: Qian Zhengming , Lei Qinggui , Tang Dan , Tan Guoying , Huang Qi , Zhou Fucai , Wang Wenhao
Published: April 2024

Sweet tea is a functional herbal tea with anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and other effects, in which phloridzin and trilobatin are two functional compounds.
A reaction based carbazole–indolium conjugate probe for the selective detection of environmentally toxic ions
Authors: Palanisamy Jayasudha , Gatasheh Mansour K. , Hatamleh Ashraf Atef
Published: April 2024

Carbazole–indolium based colorimetric probe was designed for detecting cyanide ions in various water samples. An outstanding response was shown by paper test strips prepared using the probe for the easy detection of cyanide in real time.
Aptamer-aided plasmonic nano-urchins for reporter-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of cortisol
Authors: Li Chengyu , Hu Jing , Hu Nan , Zhao Jianjun , Li Qianwen , Han Yanhui , Liu Yanxiong , Hu Xufang , Zheng Liyan , Cao Qiue
Published: April 2024

We have designed a novel aptamer functionalized plasmonic nano-urchin that is capable of specifically capturing cortisol in serum and quantifying it based on a reporter-free SERS protocol.
Simple fluorescence “turn-off” assay for Congo red using commercial 2-aminophthalic acid
Authors: Qian Jiaqi , Li Jie , Jiang Yihan , Liu Chaoyong , Zhu Jiayao , Gu Liyu , Guo Yongming
Published: April 2024

2-Aminophthalic acid with a high quantum yield of 38.49% was utilized for fluorescence “turn-off” sensing of Congo red with a linear range of 0.05–50 μM and a limit of detection of 1.72 μM.
Fusion then fission: splitting and reassembly of an artificial fusion-protein nanocage
Authors: Ohara Naoya , Kawakami Norifumi , Arai Ryoichi , Adachi Naruhiko , Ikeda Akihito , Senda Toshiya , Miyamoto Kenji
Published: April 2024

A subunit protein of an artificial protein nanocage TIP60 was split into two fragments, which successfully reassembled in vivo and in vitro.
Pd-catalyzed stereoselective synthesis of chromone C-glycosides
Authors: Sharma Manish Kumar , Tiwari Bindu , Hussain Nazar
Published: April 2024

Herein, we present an efficient Pd-catalysed method for stereoselective synthesis of chromone C-glycosides from various glycals.
Carbon nanotube heterogenization improves cobalt pyridyldiimine complex CO2 reduction activity in aqueous carbonate buffer
Authors: Andrin Baptiste , Marques Cordeiro Junior Paulo Jorge , Provost David , Diring Stéphane , Pellegrin Yann , Robert Marc , Odobel Fabrice
Published: April 2024

We present two cobalt pyridyldiimine complexes functionalized with pyrene for selective CO2 electroreduction in water upon immobilization on multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Construction of amorphous/crystalline Fe doped CoSe for effective electrocatalytic oxygen evolution
Authors: Chen Wenjuan , Zhang Qian , Zhang Youzheng , Han Caidi , Wu Jinting , Gao Jian , Zhu Xiao-Dong , Zhang Yong-Chao
Published: April 2024

Herein, amorphous/crystalline Fe-doped CoSe was synthesized (Fe-CoSe/NF). It exhibited high OER performance of 269 mV@50 mA cm−2 and 280 mV@100 mA cm−2. The Tafel slope is 38 mV dec−1 and can maintain high activity stably for more than 135 h.
Iridium-catalyzed asymmetric cascade dearomative allylation/acyl transfer rearrangement: access to chiral N-substituted 2-pyridones
Authors: Wang Wei-Yi , Yi Zhi-Yuan , Wang Zuo-Fei , Dong Xiu-Qin , Wang Chun-Jiang
Published: April 2024

Ir-catalyzed allylation/acyl transfer rearrangement was developed by using 2-pyridinyl benzoates and vinyl ethylene carbonate, providing a facile access to chiral N-substituted 2-pyridones in good to high yields with excellent enantioselectivity.
Construction of thioglycoside bonds via an asymmetric organocatalyzed sulfa-Michael/aldol reaction: access to 4′-thionucleosides
Authors: Wei Tao , Xie Ming-Sheng , Guo Hai-Ming
Published: April 2024

The construction of S–C–N glycosidic bonds via the organocatalytic sulfa-Michael/aldol reaction of (E)-β-nucleobase acrylketone and 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol was achieved, and diverse 4′-thionucleosides were obtained with excellent results.
Z-selective radical difunctionalization of aromatic alkynes: synthesis of multi-substituted triarylethenes
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Wang Jie , Ji Meishan , Wu Xinxin , Zhu Chen
Published: April 2024

Described herein is a Cu-catalyzed diarylation of aromatic alkynes via radical docking-migration pathways, leading to a broad range of valuable triarylethenes.
Effects of Pd and Co intimacy in Pd-modified Co/TiO2 catalysts for direct CO2 hydrogenation to fuels: the closer not the better
Authors: Scarfiello Canio , Durupt Aurélien , Tison Yann , Minh Doan Pham , Soulantica Katerina , Serp Philippe
Published: April 2024

Proximity between Co and Pd, hydrogen spillover and free TiO2 surface available dictated the activity and selectivity of the system.
High-throughput quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) for geometric deep learning of molecular and reaction properties
Authors: Vargas Santiago , Gee Winston , Alexandrova Anastassia
Published: April 2024

QTAIM coupled to graph neural networks can improve model performance and generalizability.
Electrochemical water oxidation reaction by dinuclear Re(v) oxo complexes with a 1,4-benzoquinone core via the redox induced electron transfer (RIET) process
Authors: Shee Uday , Sinha Debopam , Mondal Sandip , Rajak Kajal Krishna
Published: April 2024

[ReV(O)(Cl)3(L2−)ReV(O)(Cl)3][NBu4]2 (1, L2− = dianionic 2,5-dihydroxy 1,4-benzoquinone (DBQ2−)) and (2, L2− = dianionic chloranilic acid (CA2−) ligands), as homogeneous electrocatalysts for water oxidation.
Enhanced photoreduction efficiency of Cr(vi) driven by visible light in a new Zr-based metal–organic framework modified by hydroxyl groups
Authors: Nguyen Duc T. , Nguyen Khang M. V. , Duong Huy K. , Nguyen Binh T. , Nguyen Mai D. K. , Tran Dang B. , Tran Quang-Hieu , Doan Tan L. H. , Nguyen My V.
Published: April 2024

Enhanced photoreduction efficiency of Cr(vi) driven by visible light in a new Zr-based metal–organic framework modified by hydroxyl groups.
Probiotics induce intestinal IgA secretion in weanling mice potentially through promoting intestinal APRIL expression and modulating the gut microbiota composition
Authors: Zhao Maozhen , Liang Xi , Meng Yang , Lu Haiyan , Lin Kai , Gong Pimin , Liu Tongjie , Yi Huaxi , Pan Jiancun , Zhang Yongjiu , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Lanwei
Published: April 2024

B. bifidum FL228.1 and B. bifidum FL276.1 promote intestinal IgA production after weaning by activating the TLR4/APRIL pathway or regulating gut microbiota.
Surfactant-assisted morphology modification of nanostructured MnMoO4 for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Kumcham Prasad , Sreekanth T. V. M. , Yoo Kisoo , Kim Jonghoon
Published: April 2024

Nanoflakes-like MnMoO4 synthesized using CTAB as a structure-directing agent via a facile hydrothermal method with high phase purity, high surface area and superior electrochemical characteristics for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors.
“One-pot” synthesis of oligopyrrolic dialdehydes
Authors: Wang Fei , Zhang Yi , Zhou Wei , Long Zhiqing , Xiong Shenglun , Zhang Qinpeng , Sessler Jonathan L. , He Qing
Published: April 2024

We report the facile and one-pot synthesis of a series of arene-bridged oligopyrrolic dialdehydes that enable new macrocycle construction.
In situ observation of thermal-driven structural transitions of a β-NaYF4 single nanoparticle aided with correlative cathodoluminescence electron microscopy
Authors: Li Mingxing , Wang Xiaoge , Cao Xiaofan , He Zhiqun , Liang Chunjun , Ju Jing , You Fangtian
Published: April 2024

The phase transitions of a Eu3+-doped β-NaYF4 single nanoparticle were studied in detail using in situ TEM, EDS, and CCLEM. Comprehensive spectroscopic and structural analysis elucidate the entire transformation process as NaYF4 → YOF → Y2O3.
The effect of polymer coating on nanoparticles’ interaction with lipid membranes studied by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Donadoni Edoardo , Siani Paulo , Frigerio Giulia , Milani Carolina , Cui Qiang , Di Valentin Cristiana
Published: April 2024

By coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, we have unveiled that nanoparticles coated with mixed hydrophobic/hydrophilic polymer chains spontaneously penetrate lipid membranes, unlike those covered with chains of hydrophilic character only.
Correction: Cu-catalyzed arylation of S-tosyl peptides with arylboronic acids
Authors: Ying Junjie , Huang Jingrong , Liu Chenguang , Chen Fa-Jie , Xu Chunfa , Chen Fen-Er
Published: April 2024

Correction for ‘Cu-catalyzed arylation of S-tosyl peptides with arylboronic acids’ by Junjie Ying et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2024, 11, 53–59, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3QO01534C.
A simple protocol for the synthesis of perylene bisimides from perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride
Authors: Marinho Elina , Figueiredo Pedro R. , Araújo Rui , Proença M. Fernanda
Published: April 2024

PBIs were synthesized from the reaction of perylene bisanhydrides and primary amines in imidazole as solvent. Maleimide, anthraquinone or ferrocene were bonded to the side chain and the S-trityl group was replaced by imidazole in S-trityl cysteine.
A data-driven QSPR model for screening organic corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel using machine learning techniques
Authors: Pham Thanh Hai , Le Phung K. , Son Do Ngoc
Published: April 2024

An advanced machine learning workflow integrating the gradient boosting decision tree (GB) algorithm and the permutation feature importance (PFI) technique has been proposed to predict the corrosion inhibition efficiency (IE) of organic compounds.
Rescuing zinc anode–electrolyte interface: mechanisms, theoretical simulations and in situ characterizations
Authors: Liu Zhenjie , Zhang Xiaofeng , Liu Zhiming , Jiang Yue , Wu Dianlun , Huang Yang , Hu Zhe
Published: April 2024

The protective mechanisms, theoretical simulations and in situ characterizations of zinc metal anode–electrolyte interface are critically analyzed, and the possible development directions are emphasized.
Fiber-optic probes for real-time pH monitoring
Authors: Elsherif Mohamed , Alam Fahad , Salih Ahmed E. , Wang Xinyu , Corridon Peter R. , Ramadi Khalil B. , Butt Haider
Published: April 2024

Fiber-optic sensors provide real-time monitoring, showcasing the robustness of pH sensors in challenging environments. They exhibit heightened sensitivity, rapid response, and a notable absence of pH indicator leakage.
Methyl ketones: a comprehensive study of a novel biofuel
Authors: Grütering Carolin , Honecker Christian , Hofmeister Marius , Neumann Marcel , Raßpe-Lange Lukas , Du Miaomiao , Lehrheuer Bastian , von Campenhausen Maximilian , Schuster Franziska , Surger Maximilian , Ebert Birgitta E. , Jupke Andreas , Tiso Till , Leonhard Kai , Schmitz Katharina , Pischinger Stefan , Blank Lars M.
Published: April 2024

Biotechnologically produced methyl ketones can be a sustainable, safe, and less toxic biofuel candidate with efficient and clean combustion properties and compatibility with the fuel infrastructure.
Correction: Super-adsorbent hydrogel for removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution
Authors: Hu Xiao-Sai , Liang Rui , Sun Guoxing
Published: April 2024

Correction for ‘Super-adsorbent hydrogel for removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution’ by Xiao-Sai Hu et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 17612–17624, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8TA04722G.
Retraction: Nickel nanoparticles immobilized on three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene as a superb catalyst for the generation of hydrogen from the hydrolysis of ammonia borane
Authors: Mahyari Mojtaba , Shaabani Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Retraction of ‘Nickel nanoparticles immobilized on three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene as a superb catalyst for the generation of hydrogen from the hydrolysis of ammonia borane’ by Mojtaba Mahyari and Ahmad Shaabani, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2014, 2, 16652–16659, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA03940H.
Improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells via surface passivation of phthalimide N-alkylammonium iodides
Authors: Wang Yao , Chen Shan-Ci , Tai Shuya , Wang Di , Ma Yunlong , Wu Jishan , Lin Mei-Jin
Published: April 2024

Phthalimide organic iodide (PAE-I) was first synthesized and introduced onto the surface of perovskite films to enhance the performance of the corresponding PSCs through effectively passivating defects and reducing non-radiative recombination.
Surface functionalization of ZnO nanoparticles with sulfonate molecules as the electron transport layer in quantum dot light-emitting diodes
Authors: Chang Yu-Cheng , Yang Sheng-Hsiung , Chen Wei-Sheng
Published: April 2024

Phenylated sulfonate ligands were used to modify the surface of ZnO NPs for fabricating bright and efficient QLEDs.
A high step‐up high step‐down coupled inductor based bidirectional DC–DC converter with low voltage stress on switches
Authors: Abolhassani Pouya , Maalandish Mohammad , Nadermohammadi Ali , Sharifian Mohammad Bagher Bannae , Feyzi Mohammad Reza , Hosseini Seyed Hossein
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes, a novel soft‐switching bidirectional direct current to direct current (DC–DC) converter based on switched‐capacitor and coupled‐inductor. The proposed converter has a simple structure and utilizes four switches and a three‐winding coupled inductor and can achieve a high voltage conversion ratio in both step‐up/step‐down operations. By employing the switched‐capacitor technique, voltage stress across the power switches is low and therefore low voltage rating switches can be adopted to reduce the losses of their conduction. Soft‐switching characteristic of the proposed converter reduces the switching loss of active power switches and raises the conversion efficiency. This paper presents theoretical analysis for all operating modes of the converter, voltage conversion ratio, voltage and current stresses of all power switches. Finally, to test the validity of theoretical results and demonstrate the performance of the converter, experimental results are provided.
Radial velocity homogeneous analysis of M dwarfs observed with HARPS
Authors: Mignon L. , Delfosse X. , Bonfils X. , Meunier N. , Astudillo-Defru N. , Gaisne G. , Forveille T. , Bouchy F. , Curto G. Lo , Udry S. , Segransan D. , Unger N. , Lovis C. , Santos N. C. , Mayor M.
Published: April 2024

Context. The census of planets around M dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood meets two challenges: detecting the best targets for the future characterisation of planets with ELTs, and studying the statistics of planet occurrence that are crucial to formation scenarios. The radial velocity (RV) method remains the most appropriate for such a census as it is sensitive to the widest ranges of masses and periods. HARPS, mounted on the 3.6 m telescope at La Silla Observatory (ESO, Chile), has been obtaining velocity measurements since 2003, and can therefore be used to analyse a very large and homogeneous dataset.

Aims. We performed a homogeneous analysis of the RV time series of 200 M dwarfs observed with HARPS from 2003 to 2019 (gathering more than 15 000 spectra), with the aim of understanding detectable signals such as stellar and planetary companions and activity signals.

Methods. The RVs were computed with a template matching method before carrying out the time series analysis. First, we focused on the systematic analysis of the presence of a dominant long-term pattern in the RV time series (linear or quadratic trend and sine function). Then, we analysed higher-frequency perdiodic signals using periodograms of the residual time series and Keplerian function fitting.

Results. We found long-term variability in 57 RV time series (28.5%). This led to the revision of the parameters of the massive planet (GJ 9482 b), as well as the detection of four substellar and stellar companions (around GJ 3307, GJ 4001, GJ 4254, and GJ 9588), for which we characterised inclinations and masses by combining RV and astrometry. The periodic analysis allowed us to recover 97% of the planetary systems already published in this sample, but also to propose three new planetary candidates orbiting GJ 300 (7.3 M⊕), GJ 654(5 M⊕), and GJ 739 (39 M⊕), which require additional measurements before they can be confirmed.
SUSHI: An algorithm for source separation of hyperspectral images with non-stationary spectral variation
Authors: Lascar J. , Bobin J. , Acero F.
Published: April 2024

Context. Hyperspectral images are data cubes with two spatial dimensions and a third spectral dimension, providing a spectrum for each pixel, and thus allowing the mapping of extended sources’ physical properties.

Aims. In this article, we present the Semi-blind Unmixing with Sparsity for Hyperspectral Images (SUSHI), an algorithm for non-stationary unmixing of hyperspectral images with spatial regularization of spectral parameters. The method allows for the disentangling of physical components without the assumption of a unique spectrum for each component. Thus, unlike most source separation methods used in astrophysics, all physical components obtained by SUSHI vary in spectral shape and in amplitude across the data cube.

Methods. Non-stationary source separation is an ill-posed inverse problem that needs to be constrained. We achieve this by training a spectral model and applying a spatial regularization constraint on its parameters. For the spectral model, we used an Interpolatory Auto-Encoder, a generative model that can be trained with limited samples. For spatial regularization, we applied a sparsity constraint on the wavelet transform of the model parameter maps.

Results. We applied SUSHI to a toy model meant to resemble supernova remnants in X-ray astrophysics, though the method may be used on any extended source with any hyperspectral instrument. We compared this result to the one obtained by a classic 1D fit on each individual pixel. We find that SUSHI obtains more accurate results, particularly when it comes to reconstructing physical parameters. We then applied SUSHI to real X-ray data from the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A and to the Crab Nebula. The results obtained are realistic and in accordance with past findings but have a much better spatial resolution. Thanks to spatial regularization, SUSHI can obtain reliable physical parameters at fine scales that are out of reach for pixel-by-pixel methods.
Physiological and biochemical indicators of the organism after normobaric hypoxic training in combination with a protein product supplementation
Authors: Demchenko Georgiy , Koibasova Laura , Kozhaniyazova Ulbossin , Yernazarova Gulzira , Abdualy Akmaral , Kolamsak Saule
Published: April 2024

The article shows studies conducted to study physiological and biochemical blood parameters after normobaric hypoxic training in combination with protein nutrition. The studies were conducted on 45 white male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 250-280 g. Hypoxic training in combination with protein nutrition led to an increase in red blood cells, hemoglobin, oxygen capacity of the blood, and a decrease in hematocrit. There was also an increase in plasma volume, lymph flow and urine output, while heart weight values remained within the normal range. Indicators of biochemical homeostasis of plasma and lymph do not go beyond the reference values, which indicate the normal maintenance of protein and mineral metabolism and the absence of pathological processes in the body. Studies have shown that the combination of normobaric hypoxic training at an altitude of 2800-3000 m above sea level with protein nutrition in animals improved the physiological state of the body, which will allow timely adjustment of nutrition to optimize the training process.
Isolation and study of cyanobacterial cultures from oil refinery wastewaters
Authors: Kazim Madina , Dauletova Aliyam , Sandybayeva Sandugash , Bukharbayeva Zhanat , Zayadan Bolatkhan
Published: April 2024

Wastewater from oil refineries, as well as other chemical industries, has specific features. Phototrophic microorganisms are commonly used to treat wastewater containing toxic components, such as oil and petroleum products. Cultivating microalgae and cyanobacteria in nutrient-rich wastewater can yield high biomass for simultaneous biotreatment, making it a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach. This study investigated the species composition of microalgae in wastewater from oil refineries in the Atyrau region. The results showed that Cyanophyta representatives dominated the microalgae composition in the enrichment culture. The presence of cyanobacteria in the wastewater was attributed to the high nutrient and calcium content of the organic matter. An axenic culture of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. was isolated to study its ability to grow and degrade different concentrations of motor oil. The results indicate the potential of Anabaena sp. strain in remediating aquatic environments contaminated with petroleum products.
Ecological analysis of higher aquatic and semi-aquatic plants of Lake Alakol
Authors: Zaparina Yelena , Inelova Zarina , Mengtay Aitzhan , Mukhitdinov Azamat , Boros Emil
Published: April 2024

From an ecological perspective, the study of biological diversity is a key element for maintaining the sustainability of ecosystems and for developing and implementing effective conservation and natural resource management strategies. Lake Alakol, a slightly saline, endorheic lake in Kazakhstan, is a unique natural object with rich biodiversity. According to research results, diversity indices such as Simpson (0.99), Shannon (3.48), Margalef (0.78), have similar values, which indicates a sufficient variety of macrophytes. Four ecological groups were identified, with a significant number being hygrophytes (Hg) - 30 species and hygromesophytes (HgM) - 26 species. The hydrophytic index of Lake Alakol was 0.7, which indicates the sustainability of the aquatic flora and a high proportion of true aquatic plants. Among the life forms, perennials (75 species) and annuals (16 species) predominate, which is explained by the morphological and anatomical characteristics of aquatic plants and determines their adaptation to the aquatic environment. Thus, ecological study of macrophytes of Lake Alakol can offer important data for devising successful management and conservation strategies for water basins and their surrounding environment.
Microplastics in Synthetic Textile Industries: Origin, Occurrence, Routes and Their Fates on Environment and Human
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Dandautiya Rahul
Published: April 2024

This article highlights the possible origin, occurrence, and environmental pathways of microplastics (MPs) in the synthetic textile sector. It focused on comprehensive knowledge of the MP in industry, emphasizing the importance of an integrated approach to addressing its extensive consequences. The emission of MPs during the production of textiles including spinning, weaving, dyeing, printing, or finishing. It found that many small fragments, microfibres, sequins, buttons, foams, and other packaging materials made up of plastics such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, and many more are weathered from large pieces of clothes and yarns by mechanical action or other degradation methods. In addition, several sources and processes of production that are accountable to MPs have been discussed in the synthetic textile industry. Finally, the effects of MPFs (microplastic fibres) on the environment and, more specifically, on humans were put forth.
A mini review on two dimensional (2D) materials for energy storage applications
Authors: Akash  , Singla Gourav , Hameed Tanzeel , Kumar Jha Paramjyot
Published: April 2024

The discovery of new class of nanomaterials referred to as two-dimensional (2D) materials create extensive attention due to their unique features such as very small size, high anisotropy, high strength, high young’s modulus and excellent flexibility. The addition of numerous 2D materials, including black phosphorous, transition metal oxides, MXene materials, boron nitrides and others, were discovered following by the graphene. The most common 2D material are widely used in energy storage devices due to its large specific surface area, large lateral size and superior performance and adaptability. Due to the environmental, conductive, and catalytic uses, MXene materials are also attaining great attention. The synthesis and applications of two-dimensional materials like graphene and MXene, are the primary focus of this review paper.
Heavy Metal Toxicity in Human Beings
Authors: Khomdram Sunanda , Soni Himanshi , Kumar Suneel , Sharma Sharali
Published: April 2024

The escalation of industrial activities over the past century has significantly heightened human exposure to heavy metals, posing grave threat to the health as well as the environment. Cadmium, mercury, and lead are few of the many heavy metals. They are prevalent pollutants and are absorbed, retained, and accumulated within the human body. On the basis of the absorbed dosage, exposure route, and duration, the range of the toxicity fluctuate. While these metals are essential in limited quantities, excessive exposure can lead to severe health complications and disorders. This review examines the mechanisms and adverse effects of cadmium, mercury, and lead on human health when present in exceedingly large amounts.
Forensic examination of different textile fibres using UV- Vis spectroscopy
Authors: Aditi  , Sharma Spriha
Published: April 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to forensically examine different textile fibres using UV/visible spectroscopy. Methodology: Five different fibre types of ten different local brands have been analyzed using uv-vis spectroscopy.Each fibre was dissolved in 3ml of chloroform and were kept overnight for the extraction of dye from the fabric. Then the extracted dye sample was analysed in UV-vis spectroscopy. Results: The results demonstrated that concentration of dye was higher in cotton samples and lower in polyester samples. The mean concentration of dye in cotton samples were (443.0-846.5) nm, polyester (402.0-656.0) nm, jute (484.0-673.5) nm and silk (402.0-661.0) nm respectively. But in wool samples dye did not get extracted. It may be because in wool keratin is present and these materials differ only by the presence of crysteine in wool, which were more intense for wool fibres. Conclusion: There has been a considerable amount of importance of fibre evidence in criminal investigations. Investigating the various dyes utilised to colour textile fibres can provide extra information in the process of determining the chemical compounds of the fibre. In the forensic study of fibres, colour discrimination relies heavily on UV/visible spectroscopy.
Optimal decisions of elderly care service supply chain with government intervention
Authors: He Jiahuan , Luo Xinggang , Yu Yang , Zhang Zhongliang
Published: April 2024

Government intervention plays an indispensable role in the development of the elderly care service supply chain (ECSSC). However, no research has focused on the optimal decision-making of the ECSSC considering government intervention under different channel power structures. This study establishes a three-stage ECSSC model, including the government sector, elderly care service provider and elderly care service integrator, while considering different government intervention measures and channel power structures. The service-level elasticity coefficient is defined as an uncertain variable, that can affect service demand and ESI service costs. This study explores the optimal decisions and market performance of the government and ECSSC under different channel power structures and government intervention, providing guidance for the ECSSC development and government decision-making. The results show that, first, government intervention is beneficial for the ECSSC, customers, and social welfare. Compared with the subsidy and service-level regulation scenario, only the former is beneficial for the supply chain, social welfare, and unit customer expenditure, but at the cost of lower service level and higher government expenditure. Second, different channel power structures do not affect service level, social welfare, and unit customer expenditure. However, the ESI-dominated structure favors ECSSC development. Third, the setting of the reward-penalty factor should not be too high, as, in this case, supply chain members, customers, and social welfare will benefit from the increased expected value of service level elasticity. At last, managerial insights are presented.
Einführung in die qualitative Evidenzsynthese – Varianten und
Anwendung
Authors: Pohontsch Nadine Janis , Hense Helene , Lentsch Veronika
Published: April 2024

Qualitative Evidenzsynthesen (QES) werden in der deutschen
Rehabilitationsforschung bislang selten durchgeführt, obwohl robuste Synthesen
qualitativer Evidenz zu wissenschaftlich fundierteren Entscheidungen im
Gesundheitssystem führen können. Der Artikel führt in das Thema der qualitativen
Evidenzsynthese ein, indem drei verschiedene Synthesemethoden – Thematische
Synthese, Meta-Ethnografie und Grounded-Theory-Synthese – exemplarisch
beschrieben und mit Beispielen aus der Rehabilitationsforschung illustriert
werden. Es folgen Hinweise zur Auswahl geeigneter QES-Methoden und Überlegungen
zu den Herausforderungen von QES, die mit der Literaturrecherche und
Qualitätsbewertung der eingeschlossenen Studien verbunden sind. Auch werden
Gütekriterien und Leitfäden für deren Anwendung vorgestellt. GRADE-CERQual kann
zur Messung der Zuverlässigkeit der Ergebnisse aus QES angewendet werden. Der
Artikel schließt mit Überlegungen zur Bedeutsamkeit der QES für die
Rehabilitationsforschung.
The value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in percutaneous biopsy of retroperitoneal masses
Authors: Safai Zadeh Ehsan , Görg Mathis , Görg Christian , Prosch Helmut , Trenker Corinna , Westhoff Christina Carolin , Dietrich Christoph F. , Raab Nils , Alhyari Amjad , Huber Katharina , Pochepnia Svitlana , Weber Michael , Findeisen Hajo
Published: April 2024

Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic yield of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)-guided biopsy of retroperitoneal masses (RMs).

Materials and Methods Between 2006 and 2023, 87 patients presented at our US center for biopsy of an RM. In all biopsies, CEUS was performed prior to the intervention. The technical success rate of biopsy, the presence of diagnostic tissue in solid tumor biopsy samples, the accuracy of the biopsy and the occurrence of post-interventional complications were evaluated.

Results A US-guided biopsy could be conducted in 84/87 cases (96.6%). In 3/87 cases (3.4%), US-guided biopsy was impossible because the planned needle path was obstructed by vital structures. Of 84 lesions, 80 (95.2%) were solid lesions, and 4 (4.8%) were lesions containing fluid. In all solid tumors, 80/80 (100%), diagnostic vital tissue was successfully obtained. CEUS-guided biopsy showed a sensitivity of 93.2%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 72.2%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 94.2% for the differentiation between malignant and benign RMs. In one of the 84 cases (1.2%), there was a complication of postinterventional abdominal pain.

Conclusion Percutaneous CEUS-guided biopsy is a safe procedure with a high diagnostic yield and a low complication rate.
The Potential Pharmacological Effects of Natural Product Withaferin A in Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges for Clinical Translation
Authors: Devabattula Geetanjali , Panda Biswajit , Yadav Rachana , Godugu Chandraiah
Published: April 2024

Cancer is one of the biggest health concerns with a complex pathophysiology. Currently, available chemotherapeutic drugs are showing deleterious side effects, and tumors often show resistance to treatment. Hence, extensive research is required to develop new treatment strategies to fight against cancer. Natural resources from plants are at the forefront of hunting novel drugs to treat various types of cancers. Withaferin A (WA) is a naturally occurring withanolide, a biologically active component obtained from the plant Ashwagandha. Various in vitro and in vivo oncological studies have reported that Withaferin A (WA) has shown protection from cancer. WA shows its activity by inhibiting the growth and proliferation of malignant cells, apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). In addition, WA also showed chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties. Besides the beneficiary pharmacological activities of WA, a few aspects like
pharmacokinetic properties, safety, and toxicity studies are still lacking, hindering this potent natural product from entering clinical development. In this review, we have summarized the various pharmacological mechanisms shown by WA in in vitro and in vivo cancer studies and the challenges that must be overcome for this potential natural productʼs clinical translation to be effective.