bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A memory-type thermoelastic laminated beam with structural damping and microtemperature effects: Well-posedness and general decay
Authors: Derguine Mustafa , Yazid Fares , Boulaaras Salah Mahmoud
Published: September 2024

In previous work, Fayssal considered a thermoelastic laminated beam with structural damping, where the heat conduction is given by the classical Fourier’s law and acting on both the rotation angle and the transverse displacements established an exponential stability result for the considered problem in case of equal wave speeds and a polynomial stability for the opposite case. This article deals with a laminated beam system along with structural damping, past history, and the presence of both temperatures and microtemperature effects. Employing the semigroup approach, we establish the existence and uniqueness of the solution. With the help of convenient assumptions on the kernel, we demonstrate a general decay result for the solution of the considered system, with no constraints regarding the speeds of wave propagations. The result obtained is new and substantially improves earlier results in the literature.
Modeling catalyst effectiveness factor with space-fractional derivative using Haar wavelet collocation method
Authors: Zhokh Oleksii
Published: September 2024

Mass transfer limitations may considerably affect the rate of a heterogeneous catalytic process. The catalyst effectiveness factor is a quantitative measure of the impact of the diffusion process inside a catalyst particle. The effectiveness factor is derived from the solution of the steady-state reaction-diffusion problem. Herein, we simulate the steady-state reaction-diffusion equation with space-fractional derivative and linear reaction kinetics. The solution to the problem is obtained numerically using the Haar wavelet collocation method. The effect of the anomalous diffusion exponent on the catalyst effectiveness factor and process parameters, e.g. reactor volume and catalyst mass, is demonstrated. We anticipate that the process efficiency will be notably improved by changing the diffusion regime from standard to superdiffusive.
Trends of public interest in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) from 2004 to 2022
Authors: Eggleston Blakelee , Wenske Caitlin , Sweat Carly , Nolan Douglas , Sajjadi Nicholas B. , Mazur Anna , Hartwell Micah
Published: September 2024

Context

Public interest in sport-related medical conditions is known to be affected by social media and pop cultural coverage. The purpose of this project was to assess the relationship between popular culture concerning chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and analyze of how often this topic was searched on the internet.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to investigate deviations in public interest following player incidents of CTE and the effects that the media has had on public interest in CTE.

Methods

To determine our primary objective, we utilized Google Trends to extract the monthly relative search interest (RSI) in CTE between January 2002 and October 2022. To assess the increase in RSI following a major event, an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) to predict RSI from March 2012 was created through the end of the period, and calculated the differences between the actual and forecasted values.

Results

Data indicate that RSI increased over time, specifically following the release of the movie Concussion. The peak in RSI (100) over this timespan was following the release of Aaron Hernandez’s autopsy results in 2017, which was 87.8 (95 % CI: 8.7–15.7) higher than forecasted, showing a 720.3 % increase in RSI. While research was published regarding CTE in 2005, the first major spike in search interest occurred after Junior Seau died in 2012. Increasing public interest in CTE continued when media exposure conveyed autopsies of former NFL players, the movie Concussion, and the release of The Killer Inside: The Mind of Aaron Hernandez. Given this increased interest in CTE, we recommend that media broadcasters become more educated on brain injuries, as well as the movement of Brain Injury Awareness Month and Concussion Awareness Day.

Conclusions

There has been an increase in public interest in CTE from 2004 through 2022 with surges following media releases of events involving NFL players. Therefore, physicians and media broadcasters must create partnerships to better educate the public about head injuries and the effects of CTE.
Sequence, gaze, and modal semantics: modal verb selection in German permission inquiries
Authors: Zinken Jörg , Mack Christina
Published: September 2024

Two modal verbs of German are regularly used to express deontic possibility: können (‘can’) and dürfen (‘may’). We examine how speakers select between them, focusing on modal inquiries for permission to carry out some action (darf/kann ich das machen, ‘may/can I do this’). Our data are video-recordings of everyday face-to-face interaction, which we analyze sequentially, drawing on interactional-linguistic methods. We find that local sequential context and aspects of visible turn-design systematically enter into the accomplishment of deontic meaning. (1) Position of the modal inquiry within a course of action informs verb selection: speakers select kann to nominate an action as coming “out of the blue” and initiating a new course of action; darf to nominate an action as sequentially occasioned: a solution to an already known-in-common problem. (2) Bodily behavior (gaze, body posture) guides the interpretation of modal flavor, moving a kann-inquiry towards a deontic or a circumstantial interpretation, and moving a darf-inquiry towards a deontic or a bouletic interpretation. Overall, the study demonstrates the systematic contributions of sequential position and body behavior in the accomplishment of modal meanings.
Periodic INAR(1) model with Bell innovations distribution
Authors: Manaa Abderrahmen
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we introduce a class of periodic integer-valued autoregressive BL-PINAR(1) models with Bell innovations distribution based on the binomial thinning operator.
The basic probabilistic and statistical properties of this class are studied.
Indeed, the first and the second moment periodically stationary conditions are established.
The closed forms of these moments are, under the obtained conditions, derived.
Furthermore, the periodic autocovariance structure is also considered while providing the closed form of the periodic autocorrelation function.
The conditional least squares (CLS), Yule–Walker (YW), weighted conditional least squares (WCLS), and conditional maximum likelihood (CML) methods are applied to estimate the underlying parameters.
The asymptotic properties of the CLS and the YW estimators are obtained.
The performances of these methods are compared through a simulation study.
An application on a real data set is provided.
Integrated optical probing scheme enabled by localized-interference metasurface for chip-scale atomic magnetometer
Authors: Hu Jinsheng , Liang Zihua , Zhou Peng , Liu Lu , Hu Gen , Ye Mao
Published: September 2024

Emerging miniaturized atomic sensors such as optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have attracted widespread interest due to their application in high-spatial-resolution biomagnetism imaging. While optical probing systems in conventional OPMs require bulk optical devices including linear polarizers and lenses for polarization conversion and wavefront shaping, which are challenging for chip-scale integration. In this study, an integrated optical probing scheme based on localized-interference metasurface for chip-scale OPM is developed. Our monolithic metasurface allows tailorable linear polarization conversion and wavefront manipulation. Two silicon-based metasurfaces namely meta-polarizer and meta-polarizer-lens are fabricated and characterized, with maximum transmission efficiency and extinction ratio (ER) of 86.29 % and 14.2 dB for the meta-polarizer as well as focusing efficiency and ER of 72.79 % and 6.4 dB for the meta-polarizer-lens, respectively. A miniaturized vapor cell with 4 × 4 × 4 mm3 dimension containing 87Rb and N2 is combined with the meta-polarizer to construct a compact zero-field resonance OPM for proof of concept. The sensitivity of this sensor reaches approximately 9 fT/Hz1/2 with a dynamic range near zero magnetic field of about ±2.3 nT. This study provides a promising solution for chip-scale optical probing, which holds potential for the development of chip-integrated OPMs as well as other advanced atomic devices where the integration of optical probing system is expected.
Examining the escalation of hostility in social media: a comparative analysis of online incivility in China and the United States regarding the Russia–Ukraine war
Authors: Li Yanbo , Su Chris Chao
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study examines and compares online incivility on China’s Weibo and the U.S.’s X (Twitter) amid the Russia-Ukraine conflict, aiming to unravel how different cultural and geopolitical contexts influence online incivility and identify factors that may influence the occurrence of online incivility in different national contexts.

Design/methodology

This study collected and analyzed over 80,000 social media posts concerning the Russia-Ukraine conflict. By employing machine learning methods and moderation tests, this study compares online incivility in different country contexts.

Findings

Twitter and Weibo show different level of online incivility across eight months in the discussion of Russia-Ukraine war. Conflict frame and negative sentiment both positively predict online incivility on Twitter and Weibo and these two factors both show higher prediction power on Twitter than on Weibo.

Practical implication

This study highlights the necessity for platforms like X (Twitter) and Weibo to refine their moderation systems to address the predictors of online incivility, particularly negative sentiment and conflict framing.

Social implication

This study provides evidence that cultural differences significantly impact online communication patterns and norms. It also finds that non-anonymous users might exhibit more uncivil behavior in politically charged discussions, seeking social approval.

Originality/value

This research is one of the few studies to compare online incivility and its impact factors between China and the United States social media platforms. It shows how cultural differences influence the prevalence and predictors of online incivility and distinguishes the roles of negative sentiment and conflict framing in fostering incivility, with novel findings that challenge conventional beliefs about the impact of user anonymity on online discourse.
Physical and textural properties and sensory acceptability of wheat bread partially incorporated with unripe non-commercial banana cultivars
Authors: Mashau Mpho Edward , Maluleke Ndzalama , Mufamadi Happiness , Ramashia Shonisani Eugenia
Published: September 2024

Unripe banana flour (UBF) is recognised as a functional ingredient because of its nutritional pattern. The influence of substituting wheat flour with unripe non-commercial banana (Luvhele and Mabonde) flours on bread’s physical and textural properties and sensory acceptability was evaluated. Wheat flour was replaced with 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% of UBF of Luvhele and Mabonde in bread production. Physical properties such as volume, density, weight, colour, and textural characteristics were determined. Furthermore, a sensory evaluation of the bread was performed. The inclusion of UBF of Luvhele and Mabonde cultivars significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.05) the weight, volume, and specific volume of breads, but a higher density of breads was observed. Breads containing 10% UBF had the highest hardness values (9.92, Luvhele, and 9.96 N, Mabonde). However, breads incorporated with UBF of both banana cultivars had lower chewiness, cohesiveness, and springiness than control bread. The control bread had crumbs and crust that were significantly lighter (P ≤ 0.05) than the crumb of composite breads. Sensory evaluation results showed that bread incorporated with up to 7.5% UBF of both banana cultivars was acceptable in terms of aroma, taste, and overall acceptability.
Jurisdição e obrigações jurídicas internacionais do Estado em matéria de direitos econômicos, sociais e culturais
Authors: Bonet Pérez Jordi , Rodrigues Bertoldi Marcia , Ribeiro Batk Roberta
Published: September 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o alcance da jurisdição extraterritorial e as obrigações jurídicas internacionais dos Estados de proteger e garantir os direitos econômicos, sociais e culturais, como o fim de examinar seu desenvolvimento nas dimensões jurídicas internacionais (Direito Internacional Geral e Direito Convencional), assim como identificar as tendências da prática estatal frente às condutas dos atores econômicos privados.
A Perspective on Neuroscience Data Standardization with Neurodata Without Borders
Authors: Pierré Andrea , Pham Tuan , Pearl Jonah , Datta Sandeep Robert , Ritt Jason T. , Fleischmann Alexander
Published: September 2024

Neuroscience research has evolved to generate increasingly large and complex experimental data sets, and advanced data science tools are taking on central roles in neuroscience research. Neurodata Without Borders (NWB), a standard language for neurophysiology data, has recently emerged as a powerful solution for data management, analysis, and sharing. We here discuss our labs’ efforts to implement NWB data science pipelines. We describe general principles and specific use cases that illustrate successes, challenges, and non-trivial decisions in software engineering. We hope that our experience can provide guidance for the neuroscience community and help bridge the gap between experimental neuroscience and data science. Key takeaways from this article are that (1) standardization with NWB requires non-trivial design choices; (2) the general practice of standardization in the lab promotes data awareness and literacy, and improves transparency, rigor, and reproducibility in our science; (3) we offer several feature suggestions to ease the extensibility, publishing/sharing, and usability for NWB standard and users of NWB data.
Ukraine’s Real Place in History
Authors: Coleman Heather J.
Published: September 2024

The Ukrainian nation emerged out of European ties, global processes, and twentieth-century violence that shaped its resistance to Russian domination.
Çevresel, sosyal ve ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik bilincinin ve algılanan tüketici etkinliğinin sürdürülebilir tüketim bağlamında incelenmesi
Authors: Kırvanoğlu Altın Belma , Kırçova İbrahim
Published: September 2024

This systematic literature review examines the environmental, social and economic dimensions of sustainability consciousness within the framework of altruistic and selfish approaches. The study aims to analyse the effects of these consciousness levels on sustainable consumption. The research covers academic studies published in Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases between 2010 and 2024. Environmental sustainability awareness includes individuals' awareness of ecological problems and the environmental impacts of consumption behaviours. Social sustainability awareness focuses on issues of justice, equality and social welfare. Economic sustainability awareness enables consumers to act from the perspective of economic rationality. Perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) is emphasised as a critical antecedent of sustainable consumption. High ATE increases the likelihood of individuals adopting sustainable consumption behaviours. In conclusion, this systematic literature review offers recommendations for understanding and enhancing perceived consumer effectiveness by comprehensively addressing environmental, social and economic sustainability awareness. For future research, the study suggests comparing different dimensions of sustainable consumption between developing and developed countries and exploring the intrinsic motivations behind sustainable consumption behaviours.
Türkiye'de orta gelir tuzağı sorununun ampirik analizi ve karşılaştırmalı değerlendirmesi
Authors: Yalçınkaya Mustafa Hakan , Salkım Arslan Arzu
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the status of Türkiye's middle-income trap, which is classified as an upper-middle-income country according to The World Bank's income classification. Based on the approach of Robertson and Ye (2013), the United States is used as the reference country, and econometric analyses are conducted on Türkiye's per capita income levels from 1960 to 2021, using unit root tests that include both traditional and structural break models, following the study of Soreg (2017). The analyses conclude that, according to the method of Robertson and Ye (2013), Türkiye is not in a middle-income trap. In this approach, tests conducted with developed countries like the United States as a reference reveal that Türkiye is outside of this trap. However, an alternative method based on the global average per capita income indicates that Türkiye is in a middle-income trap. This result highlights that the evaluation model considering the global average per capita income offers a different perspective on whether Türkiye is in a middle-income trap.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROMECHANICAL WAVES IN MEMS STRUCTURES WITH A NANOGATE
Authors: СОКОЛОВ А.А. , ИВАНОВ С.Д.
Published: September 2024

Для создания микроэлектромеханических систем (МЭМС) большой удельной механической мощности используется система «подвижный электрод - нанометровый зазор - тонкая кристаллическая плёнка материала с большим значением диэлектрической проницаемости - неподвижный электрод». Показано, что в этой системе возникают двумерные электромеханические волны. Возникновение таких возбуждений ограничивает предельную удельную мощность электромеханических преобразователей-актуаторов, МЭМС-двигателей и генераторов. Однако это явление открывает широкие возможности применения подобных структур.

The system "movable electrode - nanometer gap - thin crystalline film of a material with a high value of dielectric permittivity - fixed electrode" is used to create high specific mechanical power microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Two-dimensional electromechanical waves are found to arise in such a system. The occurrence of such excitations limits the maximum specific power of electromechanical converters - actuators, MEMS motors, and generators. On the other hand, this phenomenon opens up wide possibilities of using such structures.
MICROPARTICLE DETECTION ON RECOVERED HOLOGRAPHIC IMAGES OF A VOLUME MEDIUM USING NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: КУЗЬМИН Н.А. , АРАПОВ Ю.Д.
Published: September 2024

Представлены результаты исследования применения двух нейронных сетей для решения задач детектирования и классификации микрочастиц на изображениях, полученных при восстановлении модельных и экспериментальных голограмм аэрозольных сред с плотностью частиц 180 000 см-3. Одна нейронная сеть обучена на базе данных изображений частиц, размеченных вручную, вторая - на базе данных, созданной с использованием алгоритмов автоматического распределения определённых частей изображений по классам. Проведено сравнение результатов работы двух нейронных сетей, и представлены способы их дальнейшего улучшения.

Results of the study usingtwo neural networks to solve the problem of detection and classification of microparticles in images obtained by restoring model and experimental holograms of aerosol media with a particle density of 180000 cm-3 are reported. The first neural network is trained on a database of manually labeled particle images, while the second neural network is trained on a database based on algorithms for automatically distributing certain parts of images into classes. The results of operation of two neural networks are compared, ways of their further improvement are presented.
MODEL OF THE SERVICE OF ATTESTATION FOR EMPLOYEES OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION ON AN OPEN PLATFORM
Authors: БУДНИКОВ К.И. , САФЕНРЕЙТЕР Д.А.
Published: September 2024

Современные малые и средние предприятия, такие как IT-компании, юридические, консультационные, логистические фирмы, в управленческих целях используют множество электронных инструментов для обеспечения внутреннего обмена информацией. Однако существует ряд задач (оформление отпусков, отчётность по проектам, выдача профессиональной литературы и др.), которые не укладываются в существующие модели решений. Некоторые IT-компании в подобных случаях создают собственные сервисы для автоматизации однотипных процедур, но многие фирмы не имеют программных решений для её автоматизации. В работе представлены модель и архитектура программного обеспечения на открытой программной платформе сервиса аттестации сотрудников - одной из вышеобозначенных нестандартных задач. Использование сервиса позволит малым и средним компаниям применить данное гибкое и простое решение для часто возникающих управленческих задач.

Modern small and medium-sized enterprises, such as IT companies, law, consulting, and logistics firms, use many electronic tools for management purposes to ensure internal information exchange. However, there are a number of tasks, such as registration of vacations, project reporting, issuance of professional literature, etc., which do not fit into the existing decision models. Some IT companies in such cases create their own services to automate the same type of procedures, but many companies do not have software solutions for automating it. The paper presents the model and architecture of software on an open software platform of the employee appraisal service - one of the above-mentioned non-standard tasks. Using the service will allow small and medium-sized companies to apply this flexible and simple solution to frequently occurring management tasks.
SOFTWARE MODULE ENCRYPTING USER BIOMETRIC DATA
Authors: ИСМАГИЛОВА А.С. , ЛУШНИКОВ Н.Д.
Published: September 2024

Рассмотрены особенности автоматизированной реализации хэширования биометрических персональных данных, информационных ресурсов пользователя, информационной системы в целом. Основой созданной математической модели является искусственная нейронная сеть, предназначенная для хэширования биометрических образов в папке администратора учётной записи с применением математических методов. Объект исследования - информационные системы. Предмет исследования - средства защиты информации с использованием биометрической многофакторной аутентификации.

This article describes features of automated implementation encryption of both biometric data and user information resources as a whole. The created mathematical model is based on an artificial neural network designed for encryption of biometric images in the account administrator folder using mathematical methods. The object of the study is the information systems of the PC. The subject of research is the tools of protection of user information using biometric multifactor authentication.
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS IN THE PROCESSING OF MULTI-PARAMETER ACOUSTIC SIGNALS OF THE MIRROR-SHADOW METHOD OF BAR TESTING
Authors: МУРАВЬЕВА О.В. , ТЕНЕНЕВ В.А. , БРЕСТЕР А.Ф. , БЕЛОСЛУДЦЕВ К.Ю.
Published: September 2024

Приведено обоснование использования метода главных компонент для оценки обобщённой характеристики дефекта при обработке многопараметровых акустических сигналов многократного зеркально-теневого метода контроля пруткового проката. Метод позволил сократить количество параметров сигналов при формировании критериев браковки, разработать методику оценки обобщённой характеристики дефекта, сформировать комплексный критерий браковки на основе недопустимого значения обобщённой характеристики дефекта для объектов из любых марок стали и любых диаметров. Результаты апробации предложенного подхода для оценки обобщённой характеристики естественных дефектов с использованием полученной регрессионной зависимости удовлетворительно согласуются с результатами металлографических исследований.

The paper provides a justification for the use of the principal component method for assessing the generalized characteristics of the defect in the processing of multi-parameter acoustic signals of the mirror-shadow multiple reflections method of bar stock testing. The method allows reducing the number of signal parameters in the formation of rejection criteria, developing a methodology for assessing the generalized characteristics of the defect, and forming a complex rejection criterion based on the unacceptable value of the generalized defect characteristic for objects made of any steel grades and of any diameters. The results of approbation of the proposed approach for evaluation of the generalized characteristic of natural defects using the regression dependence produced are satisfactorily consistent with the results of metallographic studies.
LASER GENERATION WITHOUT POPULATION INVERSION IN THE "RED" WING OF THE D1 LINE OF ALKALI METAL ATOMS UNDER RESONANT DIODE PUMPING
Authors: ПАРХОМЕНКО А.И. , ШАЛАГИН А.М.
Published: September 2024

Теоретически исследован новый метод генерации лазерного излучения без инверсии населённостей в «красном» крыле D1-линии атомов щелочных металлов при резонансном поглощении широкополосного излучения лазерных диодов накачки на переходе D1. Причиной возникновения лазерной генерации является то обстоятельство, что в красном крыле спектральной линии вероятность вынужденного испускания превышает вероятность поглощения, если однородное уширение из-за взаимодействия активных частиц с буферным газом существенно превышает естественное (при больших давлениях буферного газа). Получены аналитические формулы, представляющие работу лазера на парах щелочных металлов при поперечной диодной накачке. Выяснено, что наиболее перспективным объектом для наблюдения лазерной генерации без инверсии населённостей в красном крыле D1-линии атомов щелочных металлов являются атомы цезия. В достаточно длинной активной среде (длина среды в 50 раз превышает её ширину) эффективность преобразования излучения накачки в лазерное излучение может достигать 57 % при давлении буферного газа 5 атм, интенсивности излучения диодов накачки 5 кВт/см2 и полуширине его спектра 1 см-1. Частота лазерного излучения может перестраиваться на несколько десятков см-1.

A new method for generating laser radiation without population inversion in the «red» wing of the D1 line of alkali metal atoms under resonant absorption of broadband radiation from pump laser diodes at the D1 transition has been theoretically investigated. The reason for the occurrence of laser generation is the fact that the probability of stimulated emission in the red wing of the spectral line exceeds the probability of absorption if the uniform broadening due to the interaction of active particles with the buffer gas significantly exceeds the natural one (at high pressures of the buffer gas). Analytical formulas that describe the operation of an alkali metal vapor laser under transverse diode pumping are derived. It has been found that the most promising objects for observing laser lasing without population inversion in the red wing of the D1 line of alkali metal atoms are cesium atoms. In a sufficiently long active medium (the length of the medium is 50 times greater than its width), the conversion efficiency of pump radiation into laser radiation can reach 57% at a buffer gas pressure of 5 atm, a pump diode radiation intensity of 5 kW/cm2, and a half-width of its spectrum of 1 cm-1. The frequency of laser radiation can be tuned by several tens of cm-1.
Distribution and Density of Common Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) in Central Northern Bulgaria
Authors: Todorova Tsvetomira R. , Gruychev Gradimir V.
Published: September 2024

The breeding density of the Woodpigeon was determined in square LH75 in the period from March to May 2023. For this purpose, a point counting method was used, and in addition, some characteristics of the habitats were taken into account. The breeding density of Woodpigeon in the present study was 16.42, 12.75 and 14.44 pairs/100ha, in March, April and May 2023 year, respectively. Breeding density decreases from March to May. Anova analysis showed statistically significant differences in the mean number of song pigeons by habitat and cropland types (F=8.11, p=0.005). The number of song Woodpigeons was significantly greater in open habitats with single large trees or small groups of large trees among grassland and meadows than in other breeding habitat types. Their number is relatively high in Silver lime forests, coniferous plantations, and in the fringe strip of all forest habitats. The number of song pigeons is also relatively high in cases where we have a lack of arable land in the fixed radius or in the presence of wheat. Their number in the fixed radius increased with increasing average tree height. The number of singing pigeons is positively correlated with tree height (R=0.49, F=2.132, p<0.0001). The latest data on the breeding density of the Woodpigeon are from the end of the last century in Bulgaria. This study presents first results on the breeding distribution and density of the species in an information-poor area.
USE OF TECHNOLOGIES OF HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY AND PSYCHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL HUMAN FUNCTIONS STUDYING IN EXTREME CONDITIONS
Authors:   Tychyny Uman State pedagogical university, Ukraine, Biloshitsky P.V.
Published: September 2024

Applied techniques and some results of studies the higher nervous activity (HNA) of the people, their psychophysiological functions (PFF) by Ukrainian scientists and doctors were described, as well as influences of extreme conditions on HNA. Aim. Results of the influence of extreme mountain conditions at high altitudes (hypoxia, etc.) demonstration and further research of changes in the psychophysiological functions of the brain under these conditions; description of the developed methods of professional selection. Methods. Comparative analysis of a large number of the data from experiments and observations. Physical, mathematical, program modeling. Methods of HNA, brain research: electroencephalography, diagnosis of personal neurodynamic features, etc. Three methods of PFF research: parameters of the neurodynamic level, parameters of the neuropsychological level, and personal specifics. The adapted questionnaire scheme (QS) based on Cattell's 16-factor personality tests was applied. Results. The influence of hypoxia and other factors of mountain conditions on HNA were studied deeply. The results were presented. Also, there were presented results of registered changes of EEG in such extreme conditions. The influence of a number of stress factors in extreme conditions (hypoxia, etc.) has been demonstrated. Some basic methods of HNA researches used in such conditions were described as well as results of investigations of individual typological features of the nervous systems were presented. Methods for human psychophysiological functions studying were described. Studies of human personal characteristics were described in details. Data recorded by the PNN-3 device were taken for the diagnosis of personal neurodynamic features. The parameters of the neuropsychological level were determined using the following methods: "triangles" (the level of development of short-term visual memory), "instrument scales" (working memory, attention functions, etc.), and "red and black tables" (allocation and switching of attention). Personality structures, features, and types of behavior of operators in stressful situations were estimated basing on adapted QS by Cattell. Mathematical models of the reliability of human nervous system functioning under extreme conditions were developed. Conclusions. The obtained results were taken as the basis for the developed professional selection methods for special contingents, pilots, operators, etc. Physical, mathematical, and program models of the reliability of the human nervous system functioning in these conditions were proposed.
THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF LOW-INTENSITY BROADBAND AND LOW-INTENSITY PULSED ULTRASOUND ON B16 MELANOMA CELLS IN VITRO
Authors:   Dragomanov Ukrainian State University, Kyiv, Kuzmenko O.P.
Published: September 2024

Aim. To evaluate the effect of low-intensity broadband ultrasound (UMUS) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on B16 melanoma cells in vitro. Methods. The research was conducted on B16 melanoma cells under two modes of low-intensity ultrasonic sounding of cells, for which an SDG 2082 X Siglent generator (USA) with an ultrasonic emitter diameter of 20 mm was used; with a frequency for UMUS of 1-7 MHz, intensity of 30 mW/cm, pulse duration of 50 μs, and for LIPUS with a frequency of 1.5 MHz, intensity of 30 mW/cm, pulse duration of 200 μs. Both modes of cell sounding were carried out with threefold irradiation, once a day after which the distribution of cells by cycle phases, the level of apoptosis and proliferative activity was determined by the method of ductal cytofluorimetry. Results. Under the influence of UMUS ultrasonic sounding, the inhibition of the proliferation of melanoma cells by 1.6 times (P<0.05), a 2-fold decrease in the content of aneuploid cells, compared to the control, was found, however, cytostatic and proapoptotic effects were not recorded. Under the influence of LIPUS sounding, an anti-proliferative effect, an increase in the content of dead and apoptotic cells and a decrease in the DI-index compared to the corresponding control were found. Conclusions. Under the action of low-intensity broadband ultrasound (UMUS) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), a cytotoxic/cytostatic and pro-apoptotic effect and a decrease in the content of the aneuploid cell population were revealed.
Particularities of optical behavior of Ag8SiS6 single crystal
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Pogodin A.I. , Shender I.O. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Pop M.M. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Filep M.J. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine,   Ferenc Rákóczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute, Kossuth Sq. 6, 90200 Beregovo, Ukraine, Malakhovska T.O. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Kokhan O.P. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Izai V.Yu. ,   Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, Bratislava 84248, Slovakia, Mariychuk R. ,   University of Presov, 17th November 1, Presov 08116, Slovakia
Published: September 2024

Ag8SiS6 single crystal was grown by directional crystallization from melt. A crystal sample was investigated by optical ellipsometry and spectroscopy. This sample had nonlinear spectral dependences of the refractive index n and the extinction coefficient k. The presence of a sharp maximum in the spectral dependence of the refractive index and a rather sharp decrease in the values of the extinction coefficient k at the wavelength of 780 nm were found. The behavior of the optical absorption edge of the Ag8SiS6 single crystal in the temperature range of 77…300 K was studied. An exponential dependence of the absorption coefficient α obeying the Urbach rule was observed at all the investigated temperatures. The optical pseudo-gap Eg* and the Urbach energy EU were calculated from the obtained experimental data. An increase in temperature of the Ag8SiS6 crystal was found to lead to a monotonic, almost linear decrease in Eg* (1.853…1.615 eV) and a monotonic nonlinear increase in EU (44.32…55.01 meV). The contributions of the temperature-independent (EU)X,C and temperature-dependent (EU)T components to the total Urbach energy EU for Ag8SiS6 were evaluated within the Einstein model.
Physical mechanism of gettering of impurity Ni atom clusters in Si lattice
Authors:   Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, 1 Ch. Abdirov str., 230112 KAR, Nukus, Uzbekistan, Ismaylov B.K. , Zikrillayev N.F. ,   Tashkent State Technical University named Islam Karimov, 2 Universitetskaya str., 100095 Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Ismailov K.A. ,   Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, 1 Ch. Abdirov str., 230112 KAR, Nukus, Uzbekistan, Kenzhaev Z.T. ,   Tashkent State Technical University named Islam Karimov, 2 Universitetskaya str., 100095 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: September 2024

This article presents the gettering mechanism and the physical model of impurity Ni atom clusters in the Si crystal lattice. The study finds out that the formed Ni atom clusters lead to gettering various rapidly diffusing impurities, both present in the Si lattice and introduced, as well as oxygen atoms, by stimulating generation of recombination centers of thermal and radiation defects.
Thermophysical properties of manganese ferrite nanoparticles and manganese ferrite samples irradiated with γ-rays
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, 20 Azadlig Avenue, Baku AZ1010, Azerbaijan, Gochuyeva A.F.
Published: September 2024

In this article, thermophysical properties of manganese ferrite nanoparticles and 4×15×5 mm manganese ferrite samples in the tablet form prepared of these nanoparticles were investigated. The tablet samples were irradiated with γ-rays for 1 and 5 hours. After irradiation, physical characteristics of the heat flux of these samples were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter. Differential scanning calorimeter spectrum of the manganese ferrite nanoparticles was measured at –100...550 °C. The measurements for the irradiated samples were carried out in the temperature range of 0...550 °C.
Effect of modification of nonwoven textiles with biochar and multi-walled carbon nanotubes on their dielectric properties
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kovalchuk O.V. ,   Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Prochazkova J. ,   Department of Nanobiotechnology, ISBB, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic, Kolanowska A. ,   Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland, Boncel S. ,   Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, Poland,   Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Poland, Mariano J. ,   Department of Physics, FCT, Universidade do Algarve, Portugal,   Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Lisboa, Portugal, Zolochevska K. ,   Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University, Kosice, Slovakia, Kovalchuk T.M. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kopčanský P. ,   Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia, Safarik I. ,   Department of Nanobiotechnology, ISBB, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic,   Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia,   Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Published: September 2024

Dielectric properties of native nonwoven textile as well as textile with bound biochar and multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the frequency range of 10 to 5·105 Hz and at the temperatures of 30 to 60 °C have been investigated. The capacity of native nonwoven textile has been shown to decrease with the temperature according to the Arrhenius law. The activation energy of the temperature dependence of the capacity has been estimated to be 0.09 eV. It has been demonstrated that regardless of the temperature, the frequency dependence of the resistance of the nonwoven textile can be described by two exponential functions. In the presence of bound biochar and multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the nonwoven textile, the conductivity current was 4 orders of magnitude greater than the bias current and increased with the temperature according to the Arrhenius law. The activation energy of the temperature dependence of the inverse resistance (an analogue of the conductivity for homogeneous samples with the same dimensions) has been estimated to be 0.19 eV for the samples with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 0.62 eV for the samples with bound biochar.
Characteristic frequencies of transverse electric modes in a double negative slab waveguide with Kerr-type nonlinearity
Authors:   Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Meşelik Kampüsü, Odunpazarı 26040, Eskişehir, Türkiye, Yalçınkaya A. , Çetin A. ,   Faculty of Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye, Meşelik Kampüsü, Odunpazarı 26040, Eskişehir, Türkiye
Published: September 2024

The evolution equation for guided transverse electrical modes in a slab waveguide having a double negative core is derived for the electrical field. Special solutions of the dispersion equation for the case with double positive symmetric cladding are searched for. Relevant eigenmodes are formulated in terms of characteristic frequencies as a new method, and these frequencies corresponding to the oscillating guided modes are found for different wave numbers and core widths assuming the lossless Drude model can be used for the core medium with a Kerr-type nonlinearity. Results show that normalized characteristic frequencies increase with increasing wave numbers and mode numbers.
Properties of InSb photodiodes fabricated by ion implantation
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sapon S.V. , Boltovets M.S. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kulbachynskyi O.A. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zabudsky V.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Golenkov O.G. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Korotyeyev V.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Efremov A.A. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

InSb photodiodes were fabricated by ion implantation method. The electrical and photoelectrical properties of the photodiodes in the operating temperature range of 69…115 K were investigated. The test structures were fabricated as a part of the developed technological route. The value R0 A0, which is the product of the dynamic resistance and the diode area, was ~2·104 Ohm·cm2 at the operating temperature of 77 K for the diodes with the topological area of 0.01 mm2. The avalanche effect as well as the influence of background radiation on the I–V characteristics and dynamic resistance of the diodes were observed. The integrated ampere-watt responsivity of the fabricated InSb photodiodes to a radiant exitance of a blackbody with the temperature of 500 K was determined. The operating temperature of the InSb diode, at which the thermal and fractional noises were equal to each other, was 115 K under the conditions of the presence of background radiation with the temperature of 293 K in the aperture angle FOV ~ 30°.
Clinician Perspectives on Decision Support and AI-based Decision Support in a Pediatric ED
Authors: Ramgopal Sriram , Macy Michelle L. , Hayes Ashley , Florin Todd A. , Carroll Michael S. , Kshetrapal Anisha
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Clinical decision support (CDS) systems offer the potential to improve pediatric care through enhanced test ordering, prescribing, and standardization of care. Its augmentation with artificial intelligence (AI-CDS) may help address current limitations with CDS implementation regarding alarm fatigue and accuracy of recommendations. We sought to evaluate strengths and perceptions of CDS, with a focus on AI-CDS, through semistructured interviews of clinician partners.

METHODS

We conducted a qualitative study using semistructured interviews of physicians, nurse practitioners, and nurses at a single quaternary-care pediatric emergency department to evaluate clinician perceptions of CDS and AI-CDS. We used reflexive thematic analysis to identify themes and purposive sampling to complete recruitment with the goal of reaching theoretical sufficiency.

RESULTS

We interviewed 20 clinicians. Participants demonstrated a variable understanding of CDS and AI, with some lacking a clear definition. Most recognized the potential benefits of AI-CDS in clinical contexts, such as data summarization and interpretation. Identified themes included the potential of AI-CDS to improve diagnostic accuracy, standardize care, and improve efficiency, while also providing educational benefits to clinicians. Participants raised concerns about the ability of AI-based tools to appreciate nuanced pediatric care, accurately interpret data, and about tensions between AI recommendations and clinician autonomy.

CONCLUSIONS

AI-CDS tools have a promising role in pediatric emergency medicine but require careful integration to address clinicians' concerns about autonomy, nuance recognition, and interpretability. A collaborative approach to development and implementation, informed by clinicians’ insights and perspectives, will be pivotal for their successful adoption and efficacy in improving patient care.
Argentine Ethnobiology: A Future in Peril
Authors: Rico Lenta Catalina , Grimaldi Pablo Andrés , Ladio Ana H.
Published: September 2024

Based on an online survey and a workshop with young ethnobiologists, we analyze the current state and future prospects of the discipline in Argentina. The research topic analysis, geographic distribution, and insights into participant motivations and challenges highlight concerns regarding professional development in the context of underfunding and science devaluation within the country. We propose strategies for strengthening the field, including increased networking and improved representation in university curricula.
Between Holocaust and National Tragedy – The Case of Israel
Authors: Mashiach Amir , Davidovitch Nitza
Published: September 2024

Thesis. The thesis of the article is to examine the discourse in Israel, which compares the events of the Holocaust in Europe in the twentieth century and the events of October 7, in which the terrorist organization Hamas attacked Israel, murdering, raping and kidnapping hundreds of people.
Concept. Regardless of the testimonies, terminology, and discourse in the public, leadership, and academic sphere linking the events of the Holocaust to those of the Swords of Iron war, there is room to inquire whether Holocaust-related concepts and displays can be used in reference to the events of October 7, 2023 in Israel, and to what degree. Do the comparison or similarity between the events result in disparagement or in reducing the enormity of the Holocaust, and to what degree, or do they on the contrary serve to illustrate these events? The study examines journalistic articles, both printed and digital, in several categories: ideology, symbols, and satire. All these were examined in three spheres: in the public-journalistic discourse, in the leadership-political discourse, and in the academic discourse.
Results. The study shows that the discourse comparing the events of October 7 and the Holocaust exists both within the Israeli discourse and within the global discourse.
Conclusion. In light of the comparison between the grave events, the research findings may have pedagogic and public implications for the narrative of the October 2023 events in Israel.