bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide identification of the DUF668 gene family in cotton and expression profiling analysis of GhDUF668 in Gossypium hirsutum under adverse stress
Authors: Zhao Jieyin , Wang Peng , Gao Wenju , Long Yilei , Wang Yuxiang , Geng Shiwei , Su Xuening , Jiao Yang , Chen Quanjia , Qu Yanying
Published: May 2021

Background

Domain of unknown function 668 (DUF668) may play a crucial role in the plant growth and developmental response to adverse stress. However, our knowledge of the function of the DUF668 gene family is limited.

Results

Our study was conducted based on the DUF668 gene family identified from cotton genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the DUF668 family genes can be classified into four subgroups in cotton. We identified 32 DUF668 genes, which are distributed on 17 chromosomes and most of them located in the nucleus of Gossypium hirsutum. Gene structure and motif analyses revealed that the members of the DUF668 gene family can be clustered in G. hirsutum into two broad groups, which are relatively evolutionarily conserved. Transcriptome data analysis showed that the GhDUF668 genes are differentially expressed in different tissues under various stresses (cold, heat, drought, salt, and Verticillium dahliae), and expression is generally increased in roots and stems. Promoter and expression analyses indicated that Gh_DUF668–05, Gh_DUF668–08, Gh_DUF668–11, Gh_DUF668–23 and Gh_DUF668–28 in G. hirsutum might have evolved resistance to adverse stress. Additionally, qRT-PCR revealed that these 5 genes in four cotton lines, KK1543 (drought resistant), Xinluzao 26 (drought sensitive), Zhongzhimian 2 (disease resistant) and Simian 3 (susceptible), under drought and Verticillium wilt stress were all significantly induced. Roots had the highest expression of these 5 genes before and after the treatment. Among them, the expression levels of Gh_DUF668–08 and Gh_DUF668–23 increased sharply at 6 h and reached a maximum at 12 h under biotic and abiotic stress, which showed that they might be involved in the process of adverse stress resistance in cotton.

Conclusion

The significant changes in GhDUF668 expression in the roots after adverse stress indicate that GhDUF668 is likely to increase plant resistance to stress. This study provides an important theoretical basis for further research on the function of the DUF668 gene family and the molecular mechanism of adverse stress resistance in cotton.
Interest of a standardized hypnotic message for the reduction of pain and anxiety in cancer patients treated by capsaicin patch for neuropathic pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Etienne Rémi , Laurent Myriam , Henry Aline , Bioy Antoine , Salleron Julia , Schohn Cécile Huin , Cretineau Nathalie
Published: May 2021

Background

Neuropathic pain is characterized by spontaneous painful symptoms. Medical therapies include the use of a capsaicin 8% patch (Qutenza®, Grünenthal Gmbh, Germany), and patients may experience a sharp burning sensation at application and removal of the patch. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of playing a standardized hypnosis recording during application, on the pain and anxiety induced by capsaicin treatment.

Methods

In a randomized, controlled trial, we assessed the benefits of the intervention firstly on pain and secondly on anxiety, as measured using numerical rating scales. All patients had application of the capsaicin patch, including the possibility for the patient to apply a cold patch. Participants were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups, namely the “Standard group” (no intervention), “Hypnosis group”, in which a standardized hypnotic message was played during application, or the “Music group” in which relaxing music was played during application of the patch.

Results

Sixty-nine patients were included. Overall, there was no significant difference in pain scores between groups (p = 0.355). Compared to standard application, anxiety was significantly lower in the hypnosis group after application (p = 0.007), with no significant difference between the standard and music arms (p = 0.271), or between the hypnosis and music arms (p = 0.423).

Conclusions

Listening to a standardized hypnotic message during application of a capsaicin patch was found to significantly lower anxiety. These findings indicate that the use of a hypnotic message can reduce discomfort and warrant its evaluation in other indications of pain or anxiety during treatment procedures.

Trial registration

NCT02822625.
Hyaluronic acid–lipid binding
Authors: Ewurum Anthony , Alur Abhishek Ashok , Glenn Margaret , Schnepf Abigail , Borchman Douglas
Published: May 2021

Background

Phospholipid (PL)–hyaluronic acid (HA) interactions are relevant to aging-associated vitreous humor liquefaction, therapies for dry eye disease, skin-care products and synovial joint lubrication. Phosphatidyl choline–HA interactions have been well characterized. However, other major lipids found in tears, vitreous humor and synovial joints have not. The purpose of this study was to bridge this gap of knowledge.

Methods

HA (1600 kDa) at 5 mg/mL, was mixed with various lipids ranging in concentration from 0.1 to 10 mg/mL in D2O. HA–PL binding was measured from the decrease in HA proton resonance intensity with binding using a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer.

Results

Cholesterol weakly bound to HA, followed by monoglyceride and palmitoyl palmitate < phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidic acid and sphingomyelin. The maximum amount of PL bound was 14 ± 1 µmoles inferring a 1 to 1 molar ratio of bound PL to HA dimer. Monoglyceride and palmitoyl palmitate required two to three times more lipid to achieve 100% bound HA compared to PL.

Conclusions

Physiological levels of HA, phosphatidyl choline and sphingomyelin would result in only 4% of the hydrophobic hydrogens of HA to be bound. HA–PL binding interactions could be important for therapeutic use of HA in eye drops in future studies to treat dry eye and to trap PL entering the VH to keep them from forming light scattering micelles. HA–lipid binding may also be relevant to the therapeutic effects of topical skin-care products. Both head group and hydrocarbon chain moieties influence HA–lipid interactions.
Novel molecular biological tools for the efficient expression of fungal lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Rieder Lukas , Ebner Katharina , Glieder Anton , Sørlie Morten
Published: May 2021

Background

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are attracting large attention due their ability to degrade recalcitrant polysaccharides in biomass conversion and to perform powerful redox chemistry.

Results

We have established a universal Pichia pastoris platform for the expression of fungal LPMOs using state-of-the-art recombination cloning and modern molecular biological tools to achieve high yields from shake-flask cultivation and simple tag-less single-step purification. Yields are very favorable with up to 42 mg per liter medium for four different LPMOs spanning three different families. Moreover, we report for the first time of a yeast-originating signal peptide from the dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycosyltransferase subunit 1 (OST1) form S. cerevisiae efficiently secreting and successfully processes the N-terminus of LPMOs yielding in fully functional enzymes.

Conclusion

The work demonstrates that the industrially most relevant expression host P. pastoris can be used to express fungal LPMOs from different families in high yields and inherent purity. The presented protocols are standardized and require little equipment with an additional advantage with short cultivation periods.
Cost-minimization modeling of venous thromboembolism diagnostics: performing limited compression ultrasound in primary health care reduces costs compared to referring patients to a hospital
Authors: Hannula Ossi , Mustonen Anssi , Rautiainen Suvi , Vanninen Ritva , Hyppölä Harri
Published: May 2021

Background

The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether diagnosing a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in primary health care using limited compression ultrasound (LCUS) can save resources compared to referring these patients to hospital. According to the current literature, LCUS is as safe as a standard protocol based on a whole-leg ultrasound (US).

Methods

We created a standardized patient for this cost-analysis model based on 76 patients that were referred to hospital for a suspected DVT. Travel distance to the health care centre and hospital was calculated based on the home address. Hospital costs were acquired from the hospital price list and Finnish legislation. Time spent in the hospital was retrieved from hospital statistics. Time spent in the health care centre and travelling were estimated and monetized based on average salary. The cost of participating physicians attending a US training course was estimated based on the national average salary of a general practitioner as well as the course participation fee. A cost-minimization modeling was performed for this standardized patient comparing the total costs, including private and public costs, of standard and LCUS strategies.

Results

The total costs per patient of standard and LCUS pathways were 1151.52€ and 301.94€ [difference 849.59€ (95% CI 800.21€–898.97€, p < 0.001)], respectively. The real-life costs of these strategies, considering that some patients are probably referred to hospital every year and including training costs, are 1151.53€ and 508.69€ [difference 642.84€ (95% CI 541.85€–743.82€)], respectively.

Conclusion

Using LCUS in diagnosing DVT in primary health care instead of referring these patients to the hospital is shown to save a significant amount of public and private resources.
Consistency in bird community assembly over medium-term along rural-urban gradients in Argentina
Authors: Leveau Lucas M.
Published: May 2021

Background

The analysis of bird community assembly rules is fundamental to understand which mechanisms determine the composition of bird species in urban areas. However, the long-term variation of community assembly rules has not been analyzed yet. The objectives of this study are (1) to analyze the variation of community assembly rules along rural-urban gradients of three cities in central Argentina and (2) to compare the patterns of community assembly between two periods separated by 6 years. Bird surveys were performed along transects in urban, suburban, and rural habitats during 2011 and 2017. Departures from null models that took into account differences in species richness (standardized effect size, SES) were calculated for functional and phylogenetic diversities.

Results

A total of 57 species were recorded. Bird species richness was higher in suburban than in urban and rural habitats. SES of functional diversity increased over the years and was significantly lower in urban habitats than in rural habitats, showing a pattern of functional clustering in the most urbanized areas and functional randomness in rural ones. Phylogenetic diversity was higher in both suburban and urban habitats than rural ones, and the phylogenetic clustering in rural bird assemblages changed to randomness in suburban and urban habitats.

Conclusions

Bird communities in urban habitats were phylogenetically random and functionally clustered, evidencing environmental filtering by urbanization. In contrast, bird communities in rural areas tended to be phylogenetically clustered, evidencing that certain clades are adapted to rural areas. The processes structuring bird communities along rural-urban gradients were consistent between the 2 years compared.
SARS-CoV-2 aerosol generation during respiratory equipment reprocessing
Authors: Moraes Bruna Camila Quartim de , Ciofi-Silva Caroline Lopes , de Paula Anderson Vicente , Boas Lucy Santos Villas , Ferreira Noely Evangelista , Tozetto-Mendoza Tania R. , Correa Maria Cássia Mendes , Graziano Kazuko Uchikawa
Published: May 2021

Aerosolization may occur during reprocessing of medical devices. With the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, it is important to understand the necessity of using respirators in the cleaning area of the sterile processing department. To evaluate the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in the air of the sterile processing department during the reprocessing of contaminated medical devices. Air and surface samples were collected from the sterile processing department of two teaching tertiary hospitals during the reprocessing of respiratory equipment used in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 and from intensive care units during treatment of these patients. SARS-CoV-2 was detected only in 1 air sample before the beginning of decontamination process. Viable severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA was not detected in any sample collected from around symptomatic patients or in sterile processing department samples. The cleaning of respiratory equipment does not cause aerosolization of SARS-CoV-2. We believe that the use of medical masks is sufficient while reprocessing medical devices during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Use of 3D mapping system for ablating an accessory pathway associated with coronary sinus diverticulum
Authors: Paymard Mohammad , Deyell Marc W. , Chakrabarti Santabhanu , Laksman Zachary W. , Larsen Jacob , Yeung-Lai-Wah John A.
Published: May 2021

Background

This is a rare and challenging case of Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome due to a posteroseptal accessory pathway located in the coronary sinus diverticulum. It is often difficult to precisely locate this type of accessory pathway, and the ablation procedure could be associated with collateral damage to the neighbouring coronary arteries.

Case Presentation

The patient was a 49-year-old female with Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome who was referred for catheter ablation. She had had a previous unsuccessful attempt at ablation and had remained symptomatic despite drug therapy. The pre-procedural cardiac computed tomography scan revealed the presence of a diverticulum in the proximal coronary sinus. Using an advanced three-dimensional cardiac mapping system, the electroanatomic map of the diverticulum was created. The accessory pathway potential was identified within the diverticulum preceding the ventricular insertion. The accessory pathway was then successfully ablated using radiofrequency energy.

Conclusion

We have demonstrated that the advanced three-dimensional cardiac mapping system plays a very important role in guiding clinicians in order to precisely locate and safely ablate this type of challenging accessory pathway.
Adjuvant Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Concluded Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Riaz Irbaz Bin , Siddiqi Rabbia , Islam Mahnoor , He Huan , Riaz Anum , Asghar Noureen , Naqvi Syed Arsalan Ahmed , Warner Jeremy L. , Murad Mohammad H. , Kohli Manish
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE

Multiple large clinical trials have investigated adjuvant tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence and progression to metastasis in high-risk renal cell carcinoma. We sought to maintain living and interactive evidence on this topic, until a high level of certainty is reached for key clinical outcomes such that further updates become unnecessary and unlikely to change clinical practice.

METHODS

We created a living interactive evidence synthesis platform to maintain a continuously updated meta-analysis on TKI monotherapy in adjuvant renal cell carcinoma. We implemented an automated search strategy with weekly updates to identify randomized phase 2 and 3 clinical trials. Study selection, appraisal, and data extraction were done in duplicate. Cumulative meta-analysis was performed using Analyzer Module in Living Interactive Evidence platform. For each outcome (overall survival [OS], disease-free survival [DFS], and all-cause and treatment-related adverse events), we assessed certainty of evidence using GRADE approach and conducted trial sequential analysis.

RESULTS

This final update includes five randomized trials including recently updated data from PROTECT trial. Meta-analysis shows that adjuvant TKI monotherapy offers no benefit in OS (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.12, high certainty) or DFS (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.00, high certainty) and significantly increases adverse event risk. Lack of benefit was consistent across subgroups including highest-risk patients (test for subgroup differences: P = .32). Optimal information size criteria were met, and there was high certainty of evidence for lack of DFS and OS benefit for adjuvant TKIs.

CONCLUSION

There is no guidance on when to stop maintaining a living review. In this example, we used trial sequential analysis and high certainty of evidence (future clinical trials unlikely to change current conclusions) as a benchmark to conclude a living review in view of convincing evidence.
The existence of cautious pedestrians might facilitate evacuation dynamics
Authors: Li Qiaoru , Zhang Longyin , Li Kun , Chen Liang , Li Runbin
Published: May 2021

How to accurately simulate the real collective behavior of pedestrian evacuation remains an important issue in research of complex systems. The existing crowd simulation models in general assumed that pedestrians move directly towards the exit. In real life, however, there exist “cautious” pedestrians who fear trampling and crowding during evacuation, so we use an improved social force model to investigate how their presence influences evacuation dynamics. Simulation results reveal that the total evacuation time does not increase monotonically with the increment of the number of cautious pedestrians. Specifically, the presence of a moderate number of cautious pedestrians with rational psychological tolerance might substantially facilitate evacuation efficiency, compared with a conventional evacuation scenario. In addition, lower psychological tolerance promotes emergency evacuation, while increasing the tolerance threshold is conducive to slow evacuation. We hope that our research will provide some insights into the reasonable optimal strategies for emergency evacuation.
Convergent acoustic community structure in South Asian dry and wet grassland birds
Authors: Lahiri Sutirtha , Pathaw Nafisa A. , Krishnan Anand
Published: May 2021

Although the study of bird acoustic communities has great potential in long-term monitoring and conservation, their assembly and dynamics remain poorly understood. Grassland habitats in South Asia comprise distinct biomes with unique avifauna, presenting an opportunity to address how community-level patterns in acoustic signal space arise. Similarity in signal space of different grassland bird assemblages may result from phylogenetic similarity, or because different bird groups partition the acoustic resource, resulting in convergent distributions in signal space. Here, we quantify the composition, signal space and phylogenetic diversity of bird acoustic communities from dry semiarid grasslands of northwest India and wet floodplain grasslands of northeast India, two major South Asian grassland biomes. We find that acoustic communities occupying these distinct biomes exhibit convergent, overdispersed distributions in signal space. However, dry grasslands exhibit higher phylogenetic diversity, and the two communities are not phylogenetically similar. The Sylvioidea encompasses half the species in the wet grassland acoustic community, with an expanded signal space compared to the dry grasslands. We therefore hypothesize that different clades colonizing grasslands partition the acoustic resource, resulting in convergent community structure across biomes. Many of these birds are threatened, and acoustic monitoring will support conservation measures in these imperiled, poorly-studied habitats.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
A simple optical pH sensor based on pectin and Ruellia tuberosa L-derived anthocyanin for fish freshness monitoring
Authors: Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Afifah Nurul , Bahi Muhammad , Susilawati Susilawati , Sani Nor Diyana Md. , Esmaeili Chakavak , Iqhrammullah Muhammad , Murniana Murniana , Hasanah Uswatun , Safitri Eka
Published: May 2021

A simple optical pH sensor using the active compound anthocyanin (ACN), derived Ruellia tuberosa L. flower immobilized in a pectin membrane matrix, was been fabricated and employed to monitor the freshness of tilapia fish at room temperature and 4oC storage. The optimum pectin weight and ACN concentrations were 0.1% and 0.025 mg/L. The sensor showed good sensitivity at 0.03 M phosphate buffer solution. The sensor’s reproducibility was evaluated using 10 replicate sensors where a standard deviation of 0.045 or relative standard deviation of 9.15 was achieved. The sensor displayed an excellent response after 10 minutes of exposure, possessing a response stability for 10 consecutive days. The decrease in pH value of the Tilapia fish from 7.3 to 5 was observed in a 48 hour test, which can be used as the parameter when monitoring fish freshness.
Time-delay signature cancellation and bandwidth enhancement based on phase-modulation injection using chaotic signals
Authors: Liu PengBo , Zhang ShengHai , Zhang XiaoXu , Wu TianAn
Published: May 2021

We experimentally reveal the potential security risks for chaotic semiconductor lasers caused by time-delay signature (TDS). In order to eliminate TDS and enhance effective bandwidth, we propose a new scheme by introducing phase-modulation injection using Gaussian noise or pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) as phase-modulation signals. Our numerical results indicate that TDS elimination and bandwidth enhancement are obtained over a wide-parameter region of injection strength and frequency detuning. We further improve the scheme by using two channels of chaotic lasers to generate phase-modulation signals. Numerical simulation results show that the improved scheme is feasible, and TDS cancellation quality is always excellent in wide phase-modulation depth ranges.
Flavor classification and year prediction of Chinese Baijiu by time-resolved fluorescence
Authors: Zhang Ye , Gu Jiao , Ma Chaoqun , Wu Yamin , Li Lei , Zhu Chun , Gao Hui , Yang Zichen , Shang Yunpeng , Wang Chengwei , Chen Guoqing
Published: May 2021

Baijiu is a traditional and popular Chinese liquor with enormous sale potential, which is affected by factors such as flavor and storage time. Chinese Baijiu is a complex and transparent mixture that makes analyzing difficult. The utility of time-resolved fluorescence helped to develop a new method to analyze Baijiu. Forty-two Baijiu samples among six brands with three flavors were prepared, and their fluorescence spectra were analyzed with an excitation light of 374.2 nm. Hexanoic acid and ethyl butyrate were found to have an impact on Baijiu fluorescence. The properties of lifetimes in Baijiu were investigated, and its mechanism was studied by calculations through density function theory. Using parameters of fluorescence lifetimes, Baijiu samples were classified according to their flavors. Additionally, the correlations between fluorescence lifetimes and storage time of Baijiu in Luzhou flavor were obtained, leading to a reliable and efficient method to establish the year forecast model of Chinese Baijiu with a mean error of 2.79 months. It also provides an important reference of the utility of time-resolved fluorescence for quantitative research of multi-component systems.
Visuomotor control of intermittent circular tracking movements with visually guided orbits in 3D VR environment
Authors: Choi Woong , Yanagihara Naoki , Li Liang , Kim Jaehyo , Lee Jongho
Published: May 2021

The analysis of visually guided tracking movements is important to the understanding of imitation exercises and movements carried out using the human visuomotor control system. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of visuomotor control in the intermittent performance of circular tracking movements by applying a system that can differentiate between the conditions of invisible and visible orbits and visible and invisible target phases implemented in a 3D VR space. By applying visuomotor control based on velocity control, our study participants were able to track objects with visible orbits with a precision of approximately 1.25 times greater than they could track objects with invisible orbits. We confirmed that position information is an important parameter related to intermittent motion at low speeds (below 0.5 Hz) and that tracked target velocity information could be obtained more precisely than position information at speeds above 0.5 Hz. Our results revealed that the feedforward (FF) control corresponding to velocity was delayed under the visible-orbit condition at speeds over 0.5 Hz, suggesting that, in carrying out imitation exercises and movements, the use of visually presented 3D guides can interfere with exercise learning and, therefore, that the effects of their use should be carefully considered.
Depression, anxiety, and the COVID-19 pandemic: Severity of symptoms and associated factors among university students after the end of the movement lockdown
Authors: Woon Luke Sy-Cherng , Leong Bin Abdullah Mohammad Farris Iman , Sidi Hatta , Mansor Nor Shuhada , Nik Jaafar Nik Ruzyanei
Published: May 2021

Background and aims

This online cross-sectional study investigated the severity of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms among university students and determined the association between various factors and the levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic after the movement control order (MCO) was lifted.

Methods

A total of 316 participants were administered a self-report questionnaire that collected data on sociodemographic attributes, personal characteristics, COVID-19-related stressors, religious coping, and clinical characteristics. In addition, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were administered.

Results

Regarding depression, 15.5%, 11.7%, and 9.2% of the participants reported mild, moderate, and severe to extremely severe depression, respectively. For anxiety, 7.0%, 16.5%, and 13.2% of the respondents had mild, moderate, and severe to extremely severe anxiety, respectively. Moreover, 26.3% of participants had mild stress, 9.5% had moderate stress, and 6.6% had severe to extremely severe stress. The multiple linear regression model revealed that frustration because of loss of daily routine and study disruption and having preexisting medical, depressive, and anxiety disorders were associated with elevated depressive symptoms, while a greater degree of family and friends social support was associated with less depressive symptoms after adjusting for age, gender, and marital status. It was also found that frustration because of study disruption and having preexisting medical, depressive, and anxiety disorders were associated with elevated anxiety symptoms, while being enrolled in medicine-based courses and having a greater degree of family support were factors associated with less anxiety symptoms after adjusting for age, gender, and marital status.

Conclusion

There is a need to conduct a longitudinal study in the future to confirm the causal relationship between the significant predictive factors and depression and anxiety identified in this study, and maintenance of a persistent flow of academic activities and social interaction may be of utmost importance to safeguard the mental wellbeing of university students.
Экстра время? Смыслы пожилого возраста и их понимание в книге К. Кавендиш. Рец. на кн.: Cavendish C. Extra time Lessons for an ageing world. Glasgow: Harper Collins, 2019
Authors: Галкин Константин Александрович
Published: May 2021

В рецензии анализируются выводы и положения книги Камиллы Кавендиш «Extra Time», посвященной проблематике старения в межстрановом аспекте и особенностям восприятия старения как активного времени. Также в ней даны практические рекомендации, связанные с особенностями активного старения и тем, как в период extra time у пожилых людей появляется возможность сохранять здоровье и активность, выполняя необходимые физические упражнения. В рецензии автор критически осмысляет особенности старения как позитивного времени, рассматривая работу Камиллы Кавендиш через призму критической геронтологии и социологии.
Общество в маске и перчатках под микроскопом социологии повседневности: беглый взгляд
Authors: Подвойский Денис Глебович , Спиркина Анастасия Константиновна
Published: May 2021

Комплекс разнообразных социальных последствий коронавирусной пандемии, разразившейся в 2020 г., стал темой множества публикаций. В совокупном «дискурсе о коронавирусе», приобретающем планетарный характер, экспертные суждения и оценки дополняются элементами будничной рефлексии миллионов людей. Изменения в сферах труда, образования и досуга, ограничение потоков мобильности населения, переформатирование межличностного общения и социальных коммуникаций, «социальное дистанцирование», ношение средств защиты в публичных местах, введение карантинных мер и режима самоизоляции, галопирующие темпы цифровизации и т. д. и т. п. — все эти и многие другие «подвижки» и «смещения» общественных отношений не остаются незамеченными, становятся предметом бурных дискуссий и касаются, в сущности, каждого человека. В настоящей статье, написанной в жанре научно-публицистического эссе, предпринята попытка взглянуть на обсуждаемый круг проблем через призму теоретико-методологической оптики социологии повседневности. Концептуальный арсенал микросоциологии позволяет анализировать феномены стремительной «перестройки рутин», модификации и трансформации обыденных социальных практик, высвечивая и делая более явной логику процессов «интенсивной пересборки» повседневности, совершающихся на глазах всего человечества под влиянием пандемии коронавируса.
miR-3074-5p/CLN8 pathway regulates decidualization in recurrent miscarriage
Authors: Meng Nan , Wang Xinyue , Shi Yan , Mao Yanyan , Yang Qian , Ju Baohui , Zhu Qianxi , Zhang Tingting , Gu Yan , Zhang Xuan
Published: May 2021

Decidualization is essential for the successful establishment of pregnancy, and the dysregulated decidualization may lead to early pregnancy loss. It was previously reported by us that miR-3074-5p could promote apoptosis but inhibit invasion of human extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells in vitro, and the expression level of miR-3074-5p in villus tissues of recurrent miscarriage (RM) patients was significantly increased. The aim of this study was to preliminarily explore the role of miR-3074-5p played in the decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). It was found that the decidual expression level of miR-3074-5p in RM patients was remarkably higher than that in the control group. The overexpression of miR-3074-5p in the immortalized human ESC line, T-HESCs, showed suppressive effects not only on the cell proliferation, as well as the intracellular expression levels of cyclin B1 (CCNB1), CCND1 and CCNE1 but also on the in vitro-induced decidualization. CLN8 mRNA, encoding an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated membrane protein, was validated to be directly targeted by miR-3074-5p. And, the expression level of CLN8 was continuously increased along with the decidualization process, whereas down-regulated CLN8 expression could inhibit the decidualization of T-HESCs in vitro. Furthermore, contrary to the increased expression level of miR-3074-5p, a significantly decreased CLN8 expression was observed in decidual tissues of RM patients. Collectively, these data suggested that an increased miR-3074-5p expression in ESCs might cause early pregnancy failure by disturbing decidualization of ESCs via the miR-3074-5p/CLN8 pathway, providing a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for RM.
Prediction of the thermal conductivities of wood based on an intelligent algorithm
Authors: Zhou Shiyu , Yang Xiaoxia , Zhang Yandong , Liu Xiaoping , Zhou Yucheng
Published: May 2021

For thermal comfort and energy-saving performance, a floor-heating method is superior to conventional heating modes, e.g., radiator, fan coil, etc. The floor-heating method has been developed to be a primary indoor heating form. Wood is the most common floor surface material. Due to the anisotropy of wood, it is difficult to obtain a general theoretical formula for its thermal physical properties. In this paper, intelligent algorithms were adopted to predict thermal conductivities of wood. First, the study elaborated frequently used testing methods of thermal conductivity. Next, 130 types of common wood species were measured to form a database of thermal properties. With this database, intelligent algorithms were used to make predictions. For the thermal conductivity predictions that were conducted with support vector machine, the degree of fit between the predicted results and the measured results was not less than 0.87 (k-fold validation). This study validated the feasibility of the usage of the intelligent algorithm for the research and prediction of the thermal conductivities of wood.
Evaluation of the anti-gout effect of Sonchus Arvensis on monosodium urate crystal-induced gout arthritis via anti-inflammatory action - an in vivo study
Authors: Parisa Nita , Hidayat Rachmat , Maritska Ziske , Prananjaya Bintang Arroyantri
Published: May 2021

Background and aims. Sonchus arvensis is an Indonesian plant with strong therapeutic effects. Various studies have shown that this plant is useful in treating kidney stone disorders, and recent studies have shown that S. arvensis extract can reduce inflammation caused by monosodium urate crystal deposition in the synovial tissue . This study was aimed to explore the extract of Sonchus arvensis, via fractionation, to optimize the specific content of S. arvensis with anti-inflammatory potential in gout arthritis.

Methods. The study included 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain obtained from the Eureka Research Laboratory (Palembang, Indonesia) weighing between 200 - 250 grams. After one week of acclimatization, the rats were randomly divided into six groups, each group containing five animals; normal control group, monosodium urate group (negative control), colchicine group, hexane fraction of S. arvensis group, ethyl-acetate fraction of S. arvensis group and water fraction group. Before monosodium urate administration, rats in the colchicine group, as a positive control group, were given orally for seven days with 0.28 mg/kg/day colchicine. IL-1β levels in joint synovial fluid were examined with Rat ELISA interleukin-1β.

Results. S. arvensis water fraction showed the most significant reduction in inflammatory cells compared to the hexane or ethyl acetate fractions. The water fraction of  S. arvensis group had an equal effect with positive control in reducing the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the synovial tissue. 

Conclusion. Sonchus arvensis water fraction has anti-gout effects in monosodium urate-induced gout arthritis in rats by decreasing the inflammatory response in the synovial joint.
The effects of a single dose of beta-alanine supplementation on the cardio-respiratory system of well-trained rowing athletes
Authors: Suszter L. , Szakály Zs. , Ihász F. , Nagy D. , Alföldi Z. , Bálint M. Veresné , Mák E.
Published: May 2021

Purpose

Intensive exercise significantly lowers the pH of muscle and blood; beta-alanine supplementation can increase carnosine levels, the absence of which leads to an early acidosis and fatigue. The aim of our work is to investigate the effect of a single dose of beta-alanine supplementation on well-trained rowing athletes.

Materials/Methods

The spiroergometric parameters of the participants (n = 28) were examined a total of four times (T1,T2,T3,T4). After measurement (T3), participants received a beta-alanine supplementation at a dose of 50 mg/kg−1 body weight. We compared the results of the four measurements as well as the blood lactate values obtained from the fingertip before and after the tests.

Results

The different load physiological parameters and the lactate values measured after the tests did not show any significant difference. The mean lactate value prior to test (T4) was 1.8 (mmol*L−1), which is significantly higher than the mean-value of the two previous studies: T1 = 1.6 (mmol*L−1); (P = 0.00), T3 = 1.55 (mmol*L−1); (P = 0.04).

Conclusions

The higher lactate value measured before test (T4) was probably due to the longer time to return to the baseline values after the series load. In conclusion, a single dose of beta-alanine supplementation has no effect on performance. In order to elicit the ergogenic effect of beta-alanine, the use of short, intermittent diet therapy intervention is not recommended.
Abhandlungen über pannonische Steinmetzarbeiten
Authors: Burger Alice
Published: May 2021

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Fünf Jahre Langobardenforschung in Pannonien
Authors: Bóna István
Published: May 2021

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Anatolien und die Péceler /Badener/ Kultur
Authors: Kalicz Nándor
Published: May 2021

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Beiträge zu der Spätbronzezeit in den südlichen Teilen der Grossen Ungarischen Tiefebene
Authors: Trogmayer Ottó
Published: May 2021

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A Magyarországon megjelent első provinciális római régészeti tanulmány (Die erste Abhandlung über provincialrömische Archäologie aus Ungarn)
Authors: Kanozsay Margit
Published: May 2021

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Kiss Ferenc székfoglaló előadása a Pesti egyetemen. 1849. (Inauguralis praelectio des Prof. Ferenc Kiss. 1849)
Authors: Kanozsay Margit
Published: May 2021

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Bevezető felszólalás Dr. Kalicz Nándor kandidátusi vitájához
Authors: Banner János
Published: May 2021

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Száz éves az Archaeologiai Értesítő
Authors: Oroszlán Zoltán
Published: May 2021

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National Tax Security Assessment in the Tax Administration Mechanism
Authors: Ponomareva Karina A. , Maslov Kirill V.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the article is to identify the essential features of indicators for national tax security and describe the system they comprise. The scope of the study is a comprehensive analysis of indicators for national tax security, aimed at identifying the nature of the correlation between the tax security and tax fairness indicators in interstate and domestic relations. Without understanding the essence and content of tax security indicators it is impossible to correctly assess the effectiveness of legal measures taken by states in the field of taxation. The article considers the impact of the international economic integration process on the assessment of tax security of different states in the context of the concept of national interests. The discussion on the composition of tax security indicators is based on the impact made by various socio-economic phenomena on taxation. The comparative analysis of legal and economic literature shows that the variety of tax security indicators can be classified into literally tax indicators, other internal economic, foreign economic, managerial, legal, technical, socio-demographic, technological, military, political, climate indicators etc. For the quantitative evaluation of the threats on tax security, certain thresholds on the indicators are set.
Digital Technologies in the Analysis of the State of Crime in the Prosecutor's Office
Authors: Khatov Eduard B.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the perspectives of digital technologies in crime analysis. According to the author, the key role of such analysis performed by prosecutors is played by artificial intelligence technologies, extra-big data, and electronic voice assistants. The need for their implementation, appropriate material and technical support, solutions for information security issues, as well as the training of prosecutors in the use of digital technologies, including the basics of programming and visualization of big data, were emphasized.
Regulating Liability for Crimes Against Monetary Systems in the Context of Digitalized Economic Relations
Authors: Pechegin Denis A.
Published: May 2021

A monetary system is a historically established model of organized monetary circulation that includes the national monetary unit (legal tender), the types of banknotes, and the order of their issue and circulation. This model is normatively fixed, since it is a core component of the national economy. At the same time, the security of a monetary system is a primary strategic goal in the economy of a nation. The achievement of such a goal is possible by solving specific tasks related, inter alia, to the prevention of criminal actions in the analyzed area.
As key elements of crimes against the monetary system, national criminal legislation should highlight property obtained by criminal means, including laundering of funds (Articles 174 and 1741 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), counterfeiting (Article 186), and the illegal turnover of payment funds (Article 187). Given the dynamics of changes taking place in society and the state, the structures of criminal elements are likewise subject to transformation, especially with regard to the development of digital financial technologies.
The legal vacuum of the new sphere of public relations, its subordination to algorithms and programs on the one hand, and the blank nature of these norms of criminal law, on the other, as well as the imperfections of procedural mechanisms focused on regulating analog public relations, as opposed to digital, on the other, form barriers to legal influence. This article is devoted to the analysis of these and other problems of the legislative regulation of crimes that encroach upon the monetary system via digital economic relations.
Surgical treatment of patients with strictures of the ureteropelvic junction: historical aspects
Authors: Al-Shukri Adel S. , Kostyukov Stanislav V. , Kostyukov Vladislav V.
Published: May 2021

The review article is devoted to the history of surgical treatment of the ureteropelvic junction obstruction. The data on the main stages of development and improvement of the operative technique are presented, the main methods of restoring the outflow of urine from the kidney with strictures of the ureteropelvic junction are described. The analysis of modern methods of surgical treatment of this category of patients has been carried out.
Does culture condition of reduced oxygen pressure helps in embryo quality? A prospective randomized study
Authors: Patil Deepak
Published: May 2021

Background: Embryo quality is of paramount importance in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycle. A healthy embryo leads to a robust pregnancy. Incubation in an ideal atmosphere is essential requirement in an IVF-ET cycle.Methods: Traditionally carbon dioxide incubator with sensors for carbon dioxide levels and temperature has been used widely. We compared the quality of these embryos to incubation in hypoxic condition by addition of nitrogen. Oxygen levels were brought to 5% as compared to 21% in room air.Results: Ladies with high body mass index (BMI) and advanced age had more embryos available for transfer. More embryos reached day 3 and day 5, thus increasing availability for cryopreservation. The fragmentation rate and fertilization failure were less. Pregnancy rate was definitely improved as compared to traditional incubation.Conclusions: Hypoxic incubation condition leads to better embryo health. This translates into improved and efficient cycle outcome.
Comparison of adequacy of endometrial biopsy using endosampler and hysteroscope guided sampling
Authors: Zutshi Vijay , Saran Asmita , Ahluwalia Charanjeet
Published: May 2021

Background: The objective of the study was to compare the tissue adequacy of endometrial biopsy obtained using hysteroscope guided biopsy and endosampler for histopathology.Methods: This was a cross sectional study in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Pathology, Medical College Hospital, New Delhi, India. Ninety patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were subjected to office hysteroscope guided biopsy followed by endometrial aspiration biopsy using endosampler in the same sitting. Labelling of samples was done as ‘A’ and ‘B’ and sent for histopathological examination in 10% formalin. Pathologist was blinded to the type of biopsy taken and samples were evaluated for tissue adequacy. The presence of even one intact endometrial gland with stroma was labelled as adequate endometrial biopsy sample by the pathologist.Results: The endometrial biopsy samples obtained by both methods were adequate in 35 patients (38.89%). On the other hand, there were 18 patients (20%) who had inadequate sampling results by both methods. Out of the remaining 37 patients, in 13 (14.44%) patient’s endometrial biopsy was adequate by hysteroscope guided biopsy and in 24 (26.67%) patients it was adequate using endometrial aspiration   Individually, hysteroscope guided biopsies were found to have adequate results in 48 patients out of 90 (53.33%) while endosampler aspiration provided adequate biopsy results in 59 patients out of 90 (65.56%) after excluding the number of patients having inadequate reports. The difference between tissue adequacy of both devices was not statistically significant (p=0.129). A significant correlation was found between age (p<0.001), endometrial thickness on ultrasound (p<0.0001) and tissue adequacy by both methods.Conclusions: Endometrial biopsy obtained by hysteroscope guided method and endometrial aspiration was comparable in terms of tissue adequacy.
Comparison of knowledge and practice regarding colostrum feeding among mothers in rural and urban area
Authors: Tejaswini Sirivella , Blakrishna Bhavani Bangarkodi
Published: May 2021

Background: Basic food of infant is mother’s milk. Breast feeding should be initiated within the first half an hour of birth. The first milk is the most suitable feed for the newborn. Colostrum is very important for growth, development and protection from infections in infants. The importance of colostrum is still not known to many mothers and caregivers. This study aimed to compare the knowledge and practice regarding colostrum feeding among mothers in urban and rural area.Methods: A descriptive approach and comparative survey design was adopted for the study. Data was collected from 150 mothers (75 each from urban and rural area) having infants of birth to 6 months age. Data was collected using a performa with items on socio-demographic varibles, a structured questionnaire to assess knowledge and a practice questionnaire regarding colostrum feeding.Results: 46.7% urban and 48% rural had moderate level of knowledge and 22.7% mothers from rural had poor knowledge. The urban mothers were more aware about colostrum feeding and its importance than rural mothers. Majority of the mothers (92% urban, 89.3% rural) practiced colostrum feeding. Comparison of knowledge and practice showed statistically significant difference between mothers of urban and rural area.Conclusions: Knowledge regarding colostrum feeding was inadequate and improper breast feeding practices were found in both urban and rural area. Urban area mothers had more knowledge and better feeding practices compared to mothers of rural area. There is an ongoing need for individual and community awareness programmes regarding importance of colostrum feeding.