bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O saber docente nos textos-discursos: como os professores trabalham o texto dissertativo-argumentativo?
Authors: Pereira Regina Celi Mendes , Silva Bruna Costa
Published: April 2019

As diretrizes para o Ensino de Lí­ngua Portuguesa influenciadas, sobretudo, a partir da utilização do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) como principal forma de acesso ao Ensino Superior situam a necessidade de investigar a atividade de escrita dentro da nova configuração assumida para as aulas de Lí­ngua Portuguesa (LP), buscando observar tal perspectiva, partindo das concepções construí­das pelos professores que estão à frente desse processo. Procuramos compreender de que forma as prescrições trazidas nos documentos oficiais que regulamentam a elaboração do ENEM têm orientado o trabalho do professor de LP, no que se refere à metodologia adotada para as aulas de produção textual. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto nesta pesquisa exploratória, de cunho qualitativo-interpretativista, contamos com a colaboração de duas professoras de LP, que atuam em turmas de Ensino Médio de escolas da rede estadual de ensino da cidade de João Pessoa - Paraí­ba. Para subsidiar a análise, tomamos como base o quadro teórico-metodológico do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD), em interface com os pressupostos da Ergonomia, a partir do que propõem Bronckart (2012 [1999]; 2006; 2008) e Amigues (2004), entre outros autores que buscam compreender as relações que constituem a interação humana. Zabala e Arnou (2010) fundamentam nossa discussão no que diz respeito ao conceito de competência. A discussão empreendida ao longo do trabalho aponta um novo olhar para a aula de produção textual, advindo da reconfiguração do gênero redação escolar, para adequar-se ao modelo de texto dissertativo-argumentativo.
EFL collaborative writing: text production and on line resources
Authors: Azzari Eliane Fernandes
Published: April 2019

This paper discusses the use of digital online resources as a means to foster collaborative writing in EFL lessons. Two main online free platforms are suggested and briefly analyzed: Powtoon and Google Docs. The discussion finds theoretic support in the new literacies approach in the studies of the New London Group, Gee and Hayes (2012) and adopts a Bakhtinian orientation to language as social practice. The ideas presented are meant to be explored in EFL lessons in a variety of different learning levels and teaching contexts, ranging from basic to higher formal education as well as language schools. It is both a proposal and an exploratory study which aims at expanding the discussion concerning the processes of teaching and learning how to write in English in Brazilian formal educational contexts.
Mecanismos de controle em propostas de escrita narrativa do livro didático de português (1970 a 2009)
Authors: Ribeiro Janima Bernardes , Fabiano-Campos Sulemi
Published: April 2019

O presente estudo analisa quatro propostas de escrita narrativa em Livros Didáticos de Português (LDP), de Ensino Fundamental (EF), do 6º ao 9º ano, publicados, respectivamente, em 1976, 1984, 1993 e 2009. O objetivo principal, ao analisar essas propostas, é verificar como esses materiais apresentam-se para o aluno e para o professor, sobretudo, por meio de comentários e orientações que auxiliam na realização da ati-vidade de escrita. Pretende-se comparar (nas respectivas décadas) como é proposto o ensino de escrita a partir do LDP, no ambiente escolar. A escolha das propostas justifica-se por serem consideradas representativas das concepções do perí­odo a que pertencem. Busca-se responder à seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: Que tipo de con-trole é apresentado pelo LDP, por meio de propostas de escrita direcionadas ao aluno, de modo a levá-lo a reproduzir e/ou imitar um modelo de texto? Teoricamente, este estudo mobiliza o trabalho de Althusser (1985), que considera a escola como parte dos Aparelhos Ideológicos do Estado (AIE); a concepção dialógica de Bakh-tin (2000); e a proposta de Geraldi (1997, 2006, 2010), acerca das concepções de linguagem e da prática da produção textual. Como resultado, este estudo aponta, na Escola Básica, a prática de escrita concentrada, prio-ritariamente, em atividades de cópia, reprodução, reescritura e, em estágios mais avançados, em atividades que partem de modelos preestabelecidos, solicitando aos alunos que produzam textos com temas similares, seguindo a estrutura sugerida. São supostos ideais a serem seguidos e imitados pelos alunos, que consistem em mecanis-mos de controle resultantes do cerceamento na escrita.
Objeto de aprendizagem: de leitor a autor - uma proposta pedagógica para a criação de minicontos multimodais
Authors: Roza Edleide Santos , Menezes Ângela Maria de Araújo
Published: April 2019

O campo das inovações tecnológicas vem influenciando significativamente a forma de as pessoas interagirem e aprenderem, estimulando a criação de diversos recursos educacionais, dentre ele, os objetos de aprendizagem. Este texto tem por finalidade apresentar o miniconto multimodal A vida é mesmo assim..., objeto de aprendizagem elaborado pelos alunos da turma B, do 8º ano, 4ª etapa, da Educação de Jovens e Adultos do Ensino Fundamental (EJAEF), do Centro de Referência para Educação de Jovens e Adultos Professor Severino Uchôa, instituição de ensino da rede estadual, situado no municí­pio de Aracaju, estado de Sergipe. Fundamentada na perspectiva sociointeracional e cognitiva de aprendizagem, partindo das ideias de Vygotsky (2000) e de Bakhtin (2010), foi elaborada uma sequência didática objetivando produzir minicontos multimodais através do aplicativo "VivaVí­deo", utilizando-se de imagens, sons e linguagem verbal na construção de uma sequência narrativa. A metodologia utilizada resultou na produção do referido miniconto e favoreceu aos alunos a compreensão do gênero, bem como a prática de letramentos múltiplos.
O ensino explí­cito de operações metatextuais como estratégia didática para o desenvolvimento da escrita de textos de opinião
Authors: Silva Thalita Folmann da , Minatel Magaly Quintana Pouzo , Guimarães Sandra Regina Kirchner
Published: April 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar se uma intervenção pedagógica pautada no ensino explí­cito de operações metatextuais (monitoramento da coerência, da coesão e da estrutura textual) seria capaz de ampliar e/ou aperfeiçoar o desempenho de estudantes na produção de textos de opinião. Participaram da pesquisa duas turmas de estudantes do 5.º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública do municí­pio de Curitiba-PR, sendo uma turma de intervenção e outra de controle. A intervenção pedagógica constituiu-se da aplicação de 20 sessões de ensino (sequência didática), em que todos os estudantes foram avaliados no pré-teste e no pós-teste das sessões. Os dados obtidos foram agrupados e analisados qualitativamente. Na comparação entre os grupos, evidenciou-se que os estudantes do grupo experimental obtiveram melhor desempenho na produção de textos de opinião do que os estudantes do grupo de controle. Concluiu-se que o ensino explí­cito de operações metatextuais (a partir de sequências didáticas com ênfase na argumentação e contra argumentação) é uma profí­cua estratégia didática para o desenvolvimento da escrita autônoma e competente de textos de opinião.
A contribuição da ferramenta de corpus para o ensino das PMs denn, doch, halt e wohl
Authors: Aquino Marceli
Published: April 2019

As partí­culas modais alemãs (doravante PMs) são palavras com funções pragmáticas complexas que apresentam desafios para o ensino de alemão como lí­ngua estrangeira (doravante ALE). Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho oferece uma proposta de ensino das PMs doch, denn, wohl e halt por meio do corpus Wortschatz, averiguando a frequência, as coocorrências com outras PMs, e o emprego no contexto desses elementos modais. Não obstante, considera-se essencial a discussão dos aspectos gramaticais e pragmáticos das PMs, especialmente com a mediação da função nuclear de cada partí­cula e seu significado em determinados contextos. Sabendo que a aplicação de corpus no ensino de lí­ngua estrangeira permite a observação do uso do idioma em situações autênticas, fornecendo novas introspeções sobre a sua estrutura e emprego, esperamos que essa ferramenta possa contribuir de maneira efetiva para o ensino de PMs. Logo, os resultados desta pesquisa podem ser diretamente aplicados para a mediação dinâmica das PMs em turmas de ALE de diferentes ní­veis de conhecimento.
The municipal mass media in the Crimea media space structure
Authors: Egorova Lyudmila Gennadyevna
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Crimean information space features before the republic comprisal to the Russian Federation and the municipal printed mass media role in it in particular. The municipal mass media share in the Crimean information market and the coverage of the audience are considered in the article. It is pointed out that the municipal mass media remained one of the most popular sources of information due to the low level of the Internet prevalence as well as the habit of media consumption and considerable readers’ credit to the local newspapers. Informing the public about the activities of local authorities as well as explaining the provisions of the current legislation and normative legal acts may be considered, according to the author, the key functions entrusted to the Crimea municipal media. The author draws attention to the fact that the municipal media provide information about socially significant events in the Crimea. The study specifies the features of information processing and presentation by creative collectives of municipal newspapers. In particular, newspapers genre palette is characterized by the predominance of informational and literary publicistic genres.
Genre and functional features of Kyrgyz Public Radio and Television Corporation activity (on the example of the first radio station “Kyrgyz Radiosu”)
Authors: Sultanova Zhypar Omorovna , Toktonazarova Omurgul Mamasalievna
Published: April 2019

The article examines the genre composition of the broadcasts of the Kyrgyz Public Radio and Television Corporation (KTRK) in the Soviet, post-Soviet and modern periods of time. The analysis is performed on the example of the first radio station of Kyrgyzstan “Kyrgyz Radiosu”, which is part of KTRK. The study is based on the collection and analysis of statistical data on the composition of program blocks and genres of “Kyrgyz Radiosu”.
Particular qualities of press in Transjordan and Arabian Peninsula between World War I and World War II
Authors: Malakhovsky Alexey Kimovich , Fakeer Al-Imad
Published: April 2019

The article analyzed particular qualities of press in Transjordan and Arabian Peninsula which was making its first steps during the period of transition from Ottoman influence to British colonial dependency marked by formation of modern territorial configuration for the states of the region. At present the region attracts particular attention of the world mass media. Authors underscore peculiarities of Hashemite Transjordan’s press, as well as of that of Saudi Arabia, of North Yemen monarchy and of South Yemen colonized by Great Britain. The authors conclude that the press of the region is decades behind the press of advanced Arab states.
“I don’t want to be the slave...” To the 80 anniversary since the birth of Venedikt Erofeyev
Authors: Troschinskaya-Stepushina Tatyana Evgenjevna
Published: April 2019

On October 24, 2018 80 years since the birth of Venedikt Erofeyev - one of the most unusual Russian writers, thinkers and rebels of the XX century were executed. This article is devoted to identification and the description of the nature of creative intension of the writer. Besides, the stateof-the-art review of the main stages biographic and a career of V. Erofeyev is provided. It is proved that the main sense-forming milestones of the creative nature of the author are the following: sources (or injuries) which defined a drama vector of all course of life; gift as potentiality of the birth of creative energy; “madness” as original, original manifestation of identity and, at last, belief - a powerful moral and spiritual ancestor.
The image of the time in the book of S. Alexievich “Second-hand Time”: the originality of the artistic conflict
Authors: Gurska Karolina , Kovalenko Alexander Geogievich
Published: April 2019

Fictional conflict in prose of S. Aleksievich is one of the instruments for presenting general image of the XXth century in its’ most tragic features. Thanks to the targeted selection of “human documents”, confessions of ordinary people, as well as due to the cyclically built composition, the author embodies in the book “Second-hand Time” the conflict of two eras - the Past and the Present and the two spaces of the Soviet Union and Russia. The acuteness of the artistic conflict embodied in the book is due to the appeal to the fate of individuals seeking to understand their place in history, to find justification for their ideals, or, conversely, to justify their rejection of the past. The author is an artist who proves his right to use a living “human document” as a material, to expand the possibilities of the document, and as a result to draw objective images of Time and Man, infused with a living human feeling.
“The World, More or Less” by Jean Rouaud: between novel and autofiction
Authors: Siary Gérard , Kosova Yulia Anatolievna
Published: April 2019

This article discusses theoretical approaches to autofiction - a new form of self-writing which spread in French literature from the 80s. The analysis of the autofictional device implemented in the novel “The World, More or Less” by Jean Rouaud produces evidence of the fact that the interlocking of fictionality and reality can express a subjective truth, the complexity and the unescapable dimension of the subject as I and translate an experience of life better than a factual narrative. J. Rouaud defines autofiction through an intertextual dialogue with J.-J. Rousseau’s “Confessions”, a text implicitly included within the novel’s text.
Trening uważności w oddziaływaniach resocjalizacyjnych. Kontekst teoretyczny
Authors: Muskała Maciej
Published: April 2019

Mimo dużej popularności i skuteczności oddziaływań opartych na koncepcjach kognitywno – behawioralnych w pracy z osadzonymi, poszukuje się innowacyjnych interwencji, które ułatwiłyby proces odchodzenia od przestępczości i zmniejszyły odsetek powrotności na drogę przestępstwa. Te nowe dociekania określa się mianem trzeciej generacji/fali terapii kognitywno-behawioralnych. Istnieje kilka głównych, ugruntowanych empirycznie, metod terapeutycznych mieszczących się w tym nurcie, a wśród nich będące przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania, te oparte na uważności. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest właśnie przedstawienie możliwości i potencjalnych korzyści z zastosowania mindfulness w pracy z osadzonymi. W artykule dokonano analizy teoretycznej, jak i przeglądu badań nad skutkami stosowania tego typu programów oddziaływania w populacji osób odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności, wskazując na kilka obszarów gdzie ich zastosowanie wydaje się ze wszech miar uzasadnione i co ważne, potwierdzone empirycznie.
Więziennictwo w Polsce i Ukrainie: od dziedzictwa totalitarnego do współczesnego europejskiego systemu penitencjarnego
Authors: Krupnyk Luba
Published: April 2019

Badanie reformy więziennictwa w Polsce jest doskonałą ilustracją przemian ustrojowych, jakie przechodzili Polacy od systemu naznaczonego radzieckim totalitaryzmem do społeczeństwa spełniającego kryteria demokratyczności . Dążenia Ukrainy w kierunku adaptacji rozwiązań Unii Europejskiej w dziedzinie reformy penitencjarnej zachęcają do poznania doświadczeń Polski ze względu na postęp tego kraju w eliminowaniu spuścizny komunistycznej w działalności więziennictwa i nadzorującej go Służby Więziennej. Zadanie to staje się również aktualne dla współczesnej Ukrainy i z uwagi na łączące oba kraje głębokie więzi kulturowe i mentalne, polskie doświadczenia wydają się być niezwykle inspirujące. Korzystając z doświadczenia sąsiadów nie należy zapominać o różnicach. Przede wszystkim należy zauważyć, że okres komunizmu w Polsce był wyraźnie krótszy, w porównaniu z 70-letnim doświadczeniem Ukrainy, Białorusi i innych Republik Radzieckich które w odróżnieniu od Polski nie zaznały pełnej suwerenności.Kluczowe dla powodzenia reform w Polsce było to, że realizowali je nowi, często młodzi ludzie, przygotowani do pracy w oparciu o współczesną wiedzy, nie związaną z poprzednim systemem. Polacy potępili zbrodnie komunizmu i jego dziedzictwo. Na Ukrainie do tej pory tak zdecydowanie tego nie zrobiono i to jest jeden z powodów niepowodzenia reform.
(Nie)wykorzystywanie mediacji w sprawach nieletnich
Authors: Staniaszek Magdalena
Published: April 2019

Obecnie można zaobserwować zjawisko nadmiernego formalizowania reakcji kontroli społecznej wobec dzieci i młodzieży z przejawami demoralizacji – zwłaszcza dopiero zagrożonych procesem wykolejenia oraz nadto arbitralną rolę sędziego w sprawach z udziałem nieletnich. Mimo możliwości prawnej, sądy rodzinne niezbyt często kierują sprawy do postępowania mediacyjnego. W latach 2004 – 2016 najwięcej skierowano spraw do mediacji w 2006 roku - 366, a najmniej w 2014 roku – 198. W 2016 roku – 285 spraw, w tym łódzkie sądy – 13.Celem artykułu jest prezentacja badań dotycząca analizy spraw nieletnich skierowanych przez łódzkie sądy do postępowania mediacyjnego w latach 2011-2016.Przedmiot badań stanowi treść akt spraw oraz treść sprawozdania z postępowania mediacyjnego dotycząca wyniku zakończenia mediacji i warunków ugody, jeżeli taka została zawarta.Na podstawie analizy badań można wnioskować, że sędziowie kierują do postępowania mediacyjnego jedynie te sprawy, gdzie poszkodowanym i sprawcą są osoby małoletnie, a czyny karalne dotyczyły m.in. wymuszenia, naruszenia nietykalności, nękania. Z liczby spraw skierowanych do mediacji wynika, że sędziowie nadal nie są przekonani co do słuszności rozstrzygania spraw z wykorzystaniem sprawiedliwości naprawczej.
Ewaluacja programu rozwijania kompetencji komunikacyjnych w resocjalizacji nieletnich
Authors: Kupiec Hubert
Published: April 2019

Kompetencje komunikacyjne należą do jednych z kluczowych umiejętności społecznych, które umożliwiają ludziom realizację własnych potrzeb w zgodzie z obowiązującymi normami. Badania dowodzą, że ich rozwój stanowi ważny czynnik zabezpieczający przed angażowaniem się w przestępczość rówieśniczą w okresie adolescencji i odgrywa istotną rolę w prawidłowej adaptacji społecznej. W związku z tym uzasadnione wydaje się prowadzenie na podstawie diagnozy i ewaluacji oddziaływań rozwijających kompetencje komunikacyjne nieletnich, tym bardziej, że większość z nich posiada w tym zakresie duże deficyty. Prezentowany artykuł zawiera wyniki badań ewaluacyjnych, które potwierdzają możliwość skutecznego rozwijania kompetencji komunikacyjnych wychowanków w warunkach resocjalizacji instytucjonalnej.
Acute Appendicitis: Clinical Laboratory, Laparoscopic, Pathomorphological Parallels
Authors: Timerbulatov Sh. V. , Timerbulatov V. M. , Sagitov R V. , Mekhdiev D. I. , Sakhautdinov R. M.
Published: April 2019

Introduction.Acute appendicitis takes the first place in incidence among acute surgical disorders of the abdominal cavity organs. While many issues of the diagnosis and treatment strategy of this disease have been studied in detail, the diagnosis of acute appendicitis remains primarily a matter of clinical presentation. National guidelines on acute appendicitis also recommend additional methods for a number of stipulated situations; these methods include the Alvarado score. The key goal of this study is to analyse the results of using the Alvarado score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and juxtaposing these results with the laparoscopic and pathomorphological data.

Materials and methods.This non-randomised prospective study presents the analysis of examination and treatment of 4,941 patients with acute appendicitis from the two periods — from 2006 to 2010 and from 2011 to 2015 — which is before and after the Alvarado score was introduced into the examination protocol. The likelihood of acute appendicitis according to the Alvarado score is evaluated as follows. A score of one to four is interpreted as appendicitis is unlikely; a score of five or six — acute appendicitis is possible, further dynamic observation is required; a score of seven to ten indicates a most probable acute appendicitis.

Results and discussion.The total sensitivity of the scoring system exceeded 90%; however, it did not result in a reduction of the number of diagnostic laparoscopies.

Conclusion. The authors see as the upsides of the use of the Alvarado score the improvement of the diagnostic precision and the reduced incidence of catarrhal appendicitis (down to 0.1%) and gangrenous forms of appendicitis (from 14.6% to 8.9%) due to a shorter observation period. The authors explain the failure to achieve the result planned by the healthcare funding costs and the drive to obtain a more precise diagnosis.
Surgical Treatment of Inguinal Canal Hernias in Boys: an Analysis of Five Years’ Experience
Authors: Blandinskii V. F. , Nesterov V. V. , Sokolov S. V. , Kotova Z N. , Anfinogenov A. L.
Published: April 2019

Introduction.Currently the surgical treatment of inguinal hernias in children is usually a high ligation of the hernia sac without the separation of its distal portion or plastic reconstruction of the inguinal canal. This technique is considered the treatment of choice as it has brought down the incidence of post-operative hernias and testicular atrophy. However, the issues of approach to the selection of a conservative treatment strategy and the role played by instrumental examination methods used to determine indications for surgical treatment remain controversial.

Materials and methods.This paper presents a retrospective analysis of 684 clinical cases followed up at the Yaroslavl Regional Children’s Teaching Hospital. The study included boys aged one month to 17 years who were treated for inguinal and inguinoscrotal hernias in 2011-2015.

Results and discussion.89 patients (10.3%) were hospitalised with incarcerated inguinal and inguinoscrotal hernias in the period under review. Of these, in 86 patients, when the incarceration lasted under 12 hours, conservative treatment attempts were undertaken. Hernia reduction was achieved without any direct manipulation on the hernia sac in 10 boys (11.6%). Attempts of manual hernia reduction were undertaken in the remaining 56 children (65.1%); these resulted in successful outcomes in 47 patients (83.9%). Emergency surgical repair of incarcerated hernias was performed in 23 cases (3.1%). No patients with incarcerated hernias were older than seven years. 45 out of 183 boys (29.5%) had scrotal oedemas and haematomas in the early post-operative period following planned hernia repair surgeries.

Conclusion. In the majority of patients hospitalised early the conservative hernia reduction approach was effective and resulted in fewer emergency hernia repair surgeries. Ultrasound examination of inguinal canal may be considered as a method of screening for asymptomatic hernias.
The Role of Hydrocolonic Sonography in Diagnostics of the Intussusceptions due to Neoplastic Process in Children
Authors: Yanitskaya M Yu. , Turabov I. A.
Published: April 2019

Introduction. A nonsurgical reduction is the treatment of choice for intestinal intussusception. A neoplasm-associated intussusception always requires surgery. In case of a tumour it is very important to have the diagnosis determined prior to surgical treatment. The hydrocolonic sonography technique makes it possible to assess the tissue structure and to visualize the lumen of the intestine.

Materials and methods. The study presents a retrospective comparative analysis of clinical manifestations and diagnosis methods in all the patients with intussusception (n = 380) treated at the Arkhangelsk Children’sClinicalHospital in 1981–2018. This included all the neoplasm-associated intussusception cases (tumours and polyps). The data was compared to clinical manifestations of intussusception associated with other causes (idiopathic, mesenteric node hyperplasia, diverticulum).

Results. Neoplasm-associated intussusception is a rare occurrence (2.3%). If the cause of the intussusception is a tumour the typical recorded manifestations include the combination of the signs of gastrointestinal diseases and loss of weight (8–12%), and a chronic course of development (over one to three months). Polyp-associated small intestinal and ileocolic intussusception, a casuistically rare situation, first manifested as an acute intestinal obstruction with protracted abdominal pain syndrome in anamnesis, or recurrent intussusceptions. Traditional and hydrocolonic sonography made it possible to make the diagnosis of intussusception and to identify a tumour. Non-tumour-associated intussusception presented with an acute course of the disease in every case. It manifested with the typical triad of symptoms (abdominal colic pain, rectal haemorrhage, palpable intussusceptum mass) in every third case. The manifestation of the disease as the dyad of symptoms (vomiting and abdominal colic pain) was significantly more frequent (p = 0.001).

Conclusions. Clinical presentation of neoplasm-associated intussusception has certain unique qualities. The ultrasound of abdominal cavity and hydrocolonic sonography make it possible to find the intussusception and to identify the tumour or polyp in the structure of the intussusceptum in 100 % of cases at primary examination. The data obtained is used for the optimisation of the surgical treatment strategy.
Acute Small Intestinal Obstruction Caused by Ectopic Pancreas. A Clinical Case Report
Authors: Khasanov A. G. , Sufiyarov I. F. , Bakirov E. R. , Nurtdinov M. A. , Ibraev A. V. , Evdokimov E. V.
Published: April 2019

Introduction. An ectopic pancreas is an abnormality in which pancreatic tissue has grown outside its normal location with its own blood supply and ducts while having no anatomical, vascular or innervation connections with the pancreas situated normally. The accessory pancreas is the most frequent congenital disorder of this gland. The pancreatic tissue can be found in the walls of stomach, intestine, gallbladder, Meckel’s diverticulum, the liver, spleen and, seldom, in other organs having no contact with the pancreas. Currently the ectopic pancreas incidence is on the rise and amounts up to 0.2% on average in abdominal surgeries and is reported in 0.5–13% of autopsy cases. Most frequently the aberrant pancreas is located in the gastroduodenal zone (63–70% of all the heterotopic pancreas cases); most often it is found in the pylorus and antrum (85–95% of all the gastric ectopic pancreas cases).

Materials and methods. This paper presents a case of a successful treatment of a 39 year old male with an acute small intestinal obstruction caused by ectopic pancreatic tissue in the intestinal wall. The patient received a diagnostic laparoscopy and a mid-midline laparotomy with the wedge resection of the small intestine.

Results.The postoperative period was recorded as uneventful; the patient was discharged home on day nine following the surgery after removal of cutaneous sutures. The pathology of the small intestinal fragment with the polyp-like neoplasm identified heterotypic pancreatic foci (with acini and ducts) located between muscular bands, with extensive areas of haemorrhaging and necrosis.

Conclusion.The diagnosis of the ectopic pancreas tissue in intestinal wall is an extremely complex issue in abdominal surgery; this diagnosis is normally made only when complications occur. Pathomorphological verification is of paramount importance to make the final diagnosis of this disease, making it possible to identify correctly the cause and mechanism of the development of an acute surgical disorder.
Extracting Small RNAs from Human Biological Fluids for Subsequent Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Beylerli O. A. , Beylerli A. T , Garaev I. F.
Published: April 2019

A number of questions arise when choosing methods for experiments related to next-generation sequencing. On the one hand, while working with RNA extraction, added reagents and their residues can often inhibit sensitive chemicals with which the sequential synthesis is carried out for the sequencing. On the other hand, processing the same data using different software for the analysis can also impact on the sequencing results. This paper will present the step by step procedure for the preparation of samples taken from human biological fluids for subsequent sequencing of small RNAs, small noncoding RNAs in particular. Regarding the methods of extraction or isolation of RNAs, we found that low RNA yield can be improved significantly by following the isolation method for total RNA and its fractions included in Ambion’s MirVana PARIS kit, but only if using a special approach and modifying the organic extraction step. Compared to others, the methods supplied with commercially available kits at the time of researching this paper require only one organic extraction. This simple but, as it turned out, very useful modification makes it possible to access previously unavailable material. Potential advantages of this modification include a more complete profiling of small non-coding RNAs and a broader access to small sample volumes, as a rule, access to human biological fluids which can be prepared for RNA sequencing on the Illumina platform.
Importance of Novel Intraperitoneal Therapy of NF-kappa B Inhibitor DHMEQ
Authors: Gantsev Sh. Kh. , Umezawa Kazuo
Published: April 2019

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The BIOFLOW-III Italian Satellite Registry: 18-month results of the Orsiro stent in an all-comer high-risk population
Authors: Bartorelli Antonio Luca , Versaci Francesco , Briguori Carlo , Tomai Fabrizio , Aprigliano Gianfranco , Poli Arnaldo , Vigna Carlo , Marinucci Lucia , My Luigi , Masi Filippo , Turturo Maurizio
Published: April 2019

Aims

We aimed to corroborate clinical evidence on the safety and efficacy of the ultrathin-strut biodegradable-polymer sirolimus-eluting Orsiro stent in an all-comer population including high-risk subgroups.

Methods

The nationwide, prospective, all-comer BIOFLOW-III Satellite Registry was conducted at 18 Italian sites. High-risk subgroups [diabetes, small vessels (≤2.75 mm), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and chronic total occlusions (CTOs)] were prespecified. The primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF) at 12 months, a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (MI), emergent coronary artery bypass graft, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR).

Results

In all, 601 patients were enrolled (31.9% diabetes, 34.6% AMIs) with 736 lesions (37.2% small vessels, 5.7% CTOs, and 15.5% bifurcation lesions). Cumulative TLF rate at 12 months was 4.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.2–6.6]: 6.9% (95% CI 4.1–11.6) in the diabetic patients, 5.0% (95% CI 2.7–9.1) in acute MI subgroup, 4.2% (95% CI 2.3–7.7) in small vessels, and 5.3% (95% CI 1.4–19.7) in CTOs. At 18-month follow-up, TLF, target vessel revascularization, and clinically driven TLR rates in the overall population were 5.2% (95% CI 3.7–7.4), 1.8% (95% CI 1.0–3.3), and 1.6% (95% CI 0.8–3.1), respectively. Probable stent thrombosis rate was 0.5% (95% CI 0.1–1.4), whereas no definite stent thrombosis was observed.

Conclusions

The study results confirmed the excellent clinical performance of the Orsiro drug-eluting stents at 18 months in the whole all-comer population and in the prespecified high-risk subgroups.
Differences in the extent of fibrosis in obstructive and nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Avegliano Gustavo , Politi María T. , Costabel Juan P. , Kuschnir Paola , Trivi Marcelo , Ronderos Ricardo
Published: April 2019

Aims

Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is a key feature of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) that identifies patients at increased risk of adverse outcomes. Previous studies have hypothesized that LVOT obstruction enhances myocardial fibrosis and increases left ventricular (LV) filling pressures, producing greater clinical deterioration. However, this hypothesis has not been demonstrated in a clinical cohort comparing obstructive and nonobstructive patients.

Methods

Patients with HCM in whom Doppler echocardiography was performed within 30 days of cardiac MRI were enrolled, using the E/e′ ratio to assess LV diastolic function and late gadolinium enhancement to evaluate the extent of fibrosis. Data were assorted according to LVOT obstruction status at rest.

Results

The current study enrolled 67 patients who were mostly middle-aged (56.8 ± 13.2 years old) men (75%) with preserved ejection fraction. Obstructive HCM presented a significant association with a high fibrosis extent [odds ratio (OR) 3.33; P = 0.034] which was maintained after adjusting for sex and age (OR 4.37; P = 0.016) but not for maximum LV wall thickness (OR 2.13; P = 0.225). Obstructive HCM was also associated with a clinically significant E/e′ ratio more than 14 (OR 7.8; P = 0.001) which decreased slightly after adjusting for age, sex and maximum LV thickness (OR 6.54; P = 0.014). There was a significant association between an E/e′ ratio more than 14 and the extent of fibrosis (OR 1.29; P < 0.001) which was maintained after adjusting for age, sex and maximum LV wall thickness (OR 1.36; P = 0.001).

Conclusion

LVOT obstruction may play a role in the extent of fibrosis in HCM, possibly conditioning greater diastolic dysfunction.
Basic principles for assessing the safety of fish products from the ponds exposed to the influence of nuclear fuel cycle enterprises
Authors: Trapeznikov A. V. , Trapeznikova V. N. , Korzhavin A. V. , Nikolkin V. N. , Plataev A. P.
Published: April 2019

Relevance. In connection with the development of nuclear energy, many aquatic ecosystems have been exposed to radioactive substances. Fish, as an element of biota, is capable to accumulate radionuclides. However, fish is a traditional food. The control of the technogenic radionuclides accumulation level in the ichthyofauna is an important link in ensuring human security.

Intention. To analyze the long-term data on the content of long-lived technogenic radionuclides 90Sr and 137Cs in the ichthyofauna of the Ob-Irtysh river system for the period from 2004 to 2016 and Beloyarsky pond for the period from 1977 to 2018.

Methodology. Fish as a food product was assessed according to two criteria: a) permissible levels of specific activity of radionuclides (SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01); b) using the indicator of conformity B and the uncertainty of its definition В (GOST 32161-2013 and GOST 32163-2013).

Results and Discussion. Fish of all species that live in the river Tetcha, is not suitable for food use according to the criteria of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01, GOST 32161-2013 and GOST 32163-2013. The fish of the Ob-Irtysh river system, the habitat of which is located outside the Tetcha, meets the requirements for fish products. In the period from 1977 to 1989 in the Beloyarsk pond the accumulations of technogenic radionuclides in fish in quantities exceeding sanitary and hygienic standards were possible. Currently, the fish of the Beloyarsky pond fully complies with the sanitary and hygienic requirements for the radiation factor and is safe for human consumption.

Conclusion. In the ponds exposed to the atomic energy enterprises, it is necessary to continuously monitor the content of long-lived technogenic radionuclides in fish and assess their amount in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01 and using the conformity indicator В and the uncertainty of its determination В.
Peculiarities of emotional sphere in the military with diseases of the nervous system complicated by sexual dysfunctions
Authors: Shangin A. B. , Emelianov A. Yu. , Andreeva G. O.
Published: April 2019

Relevance. Diseases of the nervous system considerably complicate professional performance of military men. Employees of the EMERCOM and other military are constantly engaged in stressful activities; hence, pathology of the nervous system is often associated with sexual dysfunctions. Intention – To study sexual and emotional dysfunction and personality accentuations in themilitary with diseases of the nervous system.

Methods. The research was focused on a group of 146 men 25–55 years old with pathology of the nervous system. Standard clinical and neurological examination was carried out with assessment for sexual dysfunctions using questionnaires “Male sexual function” and “Male copulative function”. Emotional sphere was assessed via psychological tests: Well-being– activity–mood, Eysenck Personality Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Leonhard–Schmieschek questionnaire.

Results and Discussion. Associated sexual dysfunctions (decreased neurohumoral, mental, erectile and ejaculatory components of copulation cycle) were found in 60.3 % of patients irrespective of specific neurologic pathology, age or sexual constitution. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease in overall well-being and mood, as well as high state and trait anxiety and neuroticism were revealed in those with sexual dysfunctions. A direct link between sexual dysfunctions and emotive, pedantic, dysthymic person accentuations are noted. At patients with sexual dysfunctions gradual decrease in health status, activity, mood and increase of situational and personal anxiety, and also a high level neuroticism in comparison from patients without sexual frustration is revealed. Personality accentuations, such as stuck, pedant, exalted, emotive, demonstrative, were most common in patients with sexual dysfunctions, that is consistent with data of other authors. However, they result from a combined influence of adverse factors, rather than personality disorders.

Conclusion. Sexual dysfunctions significantly aggravate a course of neurological diseases, are associated with affective disorders and increased personality accentuations. For effective treatment of neurological diseases, it’s important to reveal and timely correct psychological and sexual dysfunction in the military. “Male copulative function” questionnaire is optimal for rapid diagnosis of male sexual disorders.
ON-BOARD HETEROGENEOUS INFORMATION COMPUTER NETWORKS OF PERSPECTIVE AIRCRAFT
Authors: Kuznetsov S. V.
Published: April 2019

Wireless networks based on the principle and technology of Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC), that is, wireless avionics or wireless onboard intercom are becoming increasingly widespread on modern aircraft. The development and deployment of WAIC on board is a complex task, as its solution is directly related to ensuring safety of flights. It requires preliminary careful scientific analysis. The article defines three stages of the implementation of such systems. At the first stage (it is already going on) there are WAIC on board of the aircraft, carrying out new functions that are new in comparison with traditional networks, for example, the functions of providing passengers with Internet access. At the second stage (this stage has also already begun), the WAIC is being deployed on board of the aircraft, carrying out the already existing functions of traditional on-board networks along with them. For example, the maintenance functions. At the third stage (it is still ahead), WAIC performs functions, completely or partially replacing traditional wired networks. For example, performing the flight control function without wires (FBW). We could see approximately the same process when electric-distance systems were installed on the aircraft instead of traditional mechanical ones. The parameters of XY prospective networks of more than ten aircraft systems have been determined basing on the analysis of onboard equipment systems, in terms of the possibility and expediency of using WAIC in them. The most promising systems for the use of WAIC are the fuel system, fire equipment and gears. Further research calls for the development of wireless sensors with autonomous power supply, information concentrators, appropriate computer software, assessing the impact of wireless information transmission on reliability, fault tolerance and fail-safety of the systems where such information is transmitted and adjacent aircraft systems.
TECHNIQUE OF PROCESSING OF VIBRATION MONITORING DATA, RECEIVED BY THE USE OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Chichkov B. A.
Published: April 2019

During the operation of such machines as aviation engines and land based gas turbines, the obligatory vibration monitoring is carried out which is focused on the prevention of their possible damages and destructions during the work on resonant modes or because of material fatigue. Nowadays, as a rule, the standard or additional equipment is used for such control which includes as a component various types of one-axial vibration gauges. In most cases, the control is carried out continuously, and the frequency of registration can differ from several values for a flight to several values in a second. The data received during routine vibration monitoring is peak values of vibrations. They are diagnosed, using the pre-start control and some ways of fit and the tendency of changes of vibration during the operation. Microelectromechanical systems gaining now the increasing distribution (MEMS), as a rule, allow to obtain the data about vibro-acceleration without giving data about the frequency vibration characteristics. But also the regular equipment of vibrational control used during the operation of considered machines does not give data about the frequency vibration characteristics. However, microelectromechanical devices allow to obtain the data with the essential higher frequency of sample rate (in tens and hundreds times) in comparison with mass equipment used now for control, and to carry out the simultaneous control of vibration on three axes using one gauge. Apart from the vibration peak value the position relative to a reference point is fixed. Does the information received according to mentioned above features have better diagnostic potential? Will the array dimension received during data verification be an obstacle to the operational processing? Materials of the present article are an attempt to give answers to these questions and to make representation about possibility and features of an estimation of a technical state of machines by the results of processing of time series vibro-accelerations received with the use of such processing microelectromechanical systems. It is represented that the way of data processing of vibrating monitoring considered in the article at sufficient simplicity of realization allows to solve the problem of an estimation of a technical state of monitoring item.
ANALYSIS OF DEFICIENCIES IN THE PROCEDURES FOR THE RISK MANAGEMENT OF SAFETY IN THE ICAO DOCUMENTS
Authors: Sharov V. D. , Eliseev B. P. , Vorobyov V. V.
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of inaccuracies in the terminology and in the description of safety management procedures associated with both shortcomings in the documents of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and incorrect, and sometimes simply erroneous translation of certain provisions of the documents from English into Russian. As well known, all ICAO documents are originally written in English and correct translation is extremely important for their adequate understanding and application in practice. This is especially important for Russian airlines, as methodological developments on the implementation of safety management systems (SMS) at the state level are not enough. Experience in the development and implementation of SMS in airlines shows that due to inaccuracies in ICAO documents there are additional difficulties. Accordingly, there is a broad and often subjective interpretation of a number of ICAO Rube provisions in airlines, which leads to a conflict of priorities and irrational use of resources of airline and other aviation enterprises. The article notes with a demonstration of specific examples that in each new ICAO document in Russian the names of components and elements of the conceptual framework (structure) of the SMS of the service provider change, although in the original English version these names are constant since 2006.The main methodological difficulties in the development and implementation of the SMS by service providers are associated with risk management, and it is in this part that the greatest number of inaccuracies in the documents is observed. It is shown, in particular, that the term "Risk Factor" appeared in the ICAO SMM due to the erroneous translation into Russian of the English term "Safety Risk", and its use in parallel with the term "Hazard" in high-level documents (the Air Code of the Russian Federation, article 24.1 and in the Decree of the Russian Federation Government from 18.11.2014 No 1215) introduces additional confusion at the level of air enterprises in the understanding of risk management within the technocratic concept of risk.
METHOD OF ATTRIBUTIVE SIGNS FORMALIZATION
Authors: Bachkalo B. I. , Zolotykh V. I.
Published: April 2019

According to the official statistics, the reasons of the majority of air incidents which have happened to state aircraft are caused by displays of so-called human factor of the aviation specialists participating in flights operation, as a rule, by negative displays of personal factor of the flight crew during preparation and performance of the flight task. At the same time, the record of “human factor” effect on the security of the aviation system is fragmentary and doesn’t have systematic basis nowadays. This is the factor which prevents the application of systematic approach to the problem of human factor impact on flight safety. In this regard, in order to reduce the impact of personal factor on the safety of the upcoming flight it is necessary to estimate it in terms of quantity. The solution of this task will require defining a number of the most essential personal safety indicators of the pilot, before the upcoming flight and determine the amount of each specific one. But the indicators of pilot’s personal factor potential threat to the safety of the upcoming flight are among the causal phenomena, which signs are not amenable to accurate quantitative estimation. Therefore, the greatest difficulty is in determination of the weight fraction of each hazard indicator according to “personal factor” of the pilot. In order to find solution to this problem, it is necessary to have an evaluation mechanism which will allow to assess the degree of influence of the phenomena on the object of their impact, the signs, which cannot be accurately quantified. Due to the lack of assessment tools known to the authors, which fully meet the stated requirements and allow to solve the problem, the authors developed a new method which enables to quantify the impact of the related phenomena on the subject of the study that do not have numerical expressions.