bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An adaptive ensemble framework using multi-source data for day-ahead photovoltaic power forecasting
Authors: Wang Kai , Dou Weijing , Shan Shuo , Wei Haikun , Zhang Kanjian
Published: February 2024

Day-ahead photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting plays a crucial role in power market trading and grid dispatching. It has been empirically demonstrated in various fields that combining forecasts yields better results than using individual models. In this work, a novel adaptive ensemble framework is proposed based on multi-source data. First, incorporating prior information from physical models, three types of high-performance component models are constructed based on different types of data. Second, a multi-label classification method is utilized to select better performing models, allowing for switching between different model combinations depending on the weather conditions. Finally, a dynamic ensemble method is used to update the weights of the component forecasts based on its cumulative errors observed in the recent past. The proposed method was evaluated on a four-year PV multi-source dataset from 2019 to 2022. The forecasting skill (FS) in the test year (2022) reaches 50.61%. The results show that FS is improved by 4.75% compared to the optimal component model. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, our method has achieved the best performance by improving FS at least 3.94%. The proposed framework in this study can be widely applied to other energy forecasting fields, such as wind/load forecasting.
Adaptive nonequilibrium design of actin-based metamaterials: Fundamental and practical limits of control
Authors: Chennakesavalu Shriram , Manikandan Sreekanth K. , Hu Frank , Rotskoff Grant M.
Published: February 2024

The adaptive and surprising emergent properties of biological materials self-assembled in far-from-equilibrium environments serve as an inspiration for efforts to design nanomaterials. In particular, controlling the conditions of self-assembly can modulate material properties, but there is no systematic understanding of either how to parameterize external control or how controllable a given material can be. Here, we demonstrate that branched actin networks can be encoded with metamaterial properties by dynamically controlling the applied force under which they grow and that the protocols can be selected using multi-task reinforcement learning. These actin networks have tunable responses over a large dynamic range depending on the chosen external protocol, providing a pathway to encoding “memory” within these structures. Interestingly, we obtain a bound that relates the dissipation rate and the rate of “encoding” that gives insight into the constraints on control—both physical and information theoretical. Taken together, these results emphasize the utility and necessity of nonequilibrium control for designing self-assembled nanostructures.
Coordination between vehicles in traffic
Authors: Masotina Mariavittoria , Spagnolli Anna
Published: February 2024

This study belongs to the ethnomethodological tradition of identifying the everyday practices accounting for the oiled machinery of social organization and applies this approach to understanding direction light usage. We observe a set of episodes videorecorded in North-East Italy in the urban traffic. We first unpack the meaning of direction light usage from a pragmatic perspective and then test our interpretation against the cases in our collection that seem to deviate from it. We argue that direction lights’ usage works as an announcement to some road users and a request to a subset of them; in both cases, direction lights convey contextualized (indexical) coordinates about the vehicle’s prospective trajectory. We then explain the cases in which signaling is omitted and draw some implications for traffic coordination and safety.
Alternative mechanisms of Notch activation by partitioning into distinct endosomal domains
Authors: Shimizu Hideyuki , Hosseini-Alghaderi Samira , Woodcock Simon A. , Baron Martin
Published: February 2024

Different membrane microdomain compositions provide unique environments that can regulate signaling receptor function. We identify microdomains on the endosome membrane of Drosophila endosomes, enriched in lipid-raft or clathrin/ESCRT-0, which are associated with Notch activation by distinct, ligand-independent mechanisms. Transfer of Notch between microdomains is regulated by Deltex and Suppressor of deltex ubiquitin ligases and is limited by a gate-keeper role for ESCRT complexes. Ubiquitination of Notch by Deltex recruits it to the clathrin/ESCRT-0 microdomain and enhances Notch activation by an ADAM10-independent/TRPML-dependent mechanism. This requirement for Deltex is bypassed by the downregulation of ESCRT-III. In contrast, while ESCRT-I depletion also activates Notch, it does so by an ADAM10-dependent/TRPML-independent mechanism and Notch is retained in the lipid raft-like microdomain. In the absence of such endosomal perturbation, different activating Notch mutations also localize to different microdomains and are activated by different mechanisms. Our findings demonstrate the interplay between Notch regulators, endosomal trafficking components, and Notch genetics, which defines membrane locations and activation mechanisms.
VPS13C regulates phospho-Rab10-mediated lysosomal function in human dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Schrӧder Leonie F. , Peng Wesley , Gao Ge , Wong Yvette C. , Schwake Michael , Krainc Dimitri
Published: February 2024

Loss-of-function mutations in VPS13C are linked to early-onset Parkinson’s disease (PD). While VPS13C has been previously studied in non-neuronal cells, the neuronal role of VPS13C in disease-relevant human dopaminergic neurons has not been elucidated. Using live-cell microscopy, we investigated the role of VPS13C in regulating lysosomal dynamics and function in human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons. Loss of VPS13C in dopaminergic neurons disrupts lysosomal morphology and dynamics with increased inter-lysosomal contacts, leading to impaired lysosomal motility and cellular distribution, as well as defective lysosomal hydrolytic activity and acidification. We identified Rab10 as a phospho-dependent interactor of VPS13C on lysosomes and observed a decreased phospho-Rab10-mediated lysosomal stress response upon loss of VPS13C. These findings highlight an important role of VPS13C in regulating lysosomal homeostasis in human dopaminergic neurons and suggest that disruptions in Rab10-mediated lysosomal stress response contribute to disease pathogenesis in VPS13C-linked PD.
Stationary solutions of the axially symmetric Einstein–Vlasov system: present status and open problems
Authors: Ames Ellery , Andréasson Håkan
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this work is to review the status about stationary solutions of the axially symmetric Einstein–Vlasov system with a focus on open problems of both analytical and numerical nature. For the latter we emphasize that the code used to construct stationary solutions in Ames et al (2016 Class. Quantum Grav.
33 155008; 2019 Phys. Rev. D 99 024012) is open source, see Ames and Logg (2023 J. Open Source Softw.
8 5979). In the analytical setting the open problems include establishing methods for proving existence of axisymmetric stationary solutions which are far from spherically symmetric, both in the general case and for certain special classes of solutions pointed out in the text. In the numerical setting there are intriguing properties of highly relativistic solutions that demand further attention, such as whether a sequence of such stationary solutions can approach a Kerr black hole, or if they necessarily approach the thin ring limit reminiscent of cosmic strings. The question of whether stationary solutions include states with thin-disk like morphologies as seen in many galaxies is also open. Finally, there are opportunities to extend this research to new settings such as the case of massless particles and coupled black hole-matter systems. We believe that some of the open problems highlighted here are of central importance for the understanding of nature.
Manufacturing errors detection and visualization system for parts with complex internal cavity structural through industrial CT image
Authors: Long Chao , Si Lei , Jiang Yijun , Shi Shanghu , Duan Liming
Published: February 2024

To address the challenge of detection and visualization manufacturing errors in part with complex internal cavity structures, this paper present a method based on industrial computed tomography (CT) image. First, a two-dimensional (2D) CT sequence slice images are obtained using fan-beam high energy industrial CT scanning, which is then reconstructed into a three-dimensional (3D) measurement model. The measurement 3D model is registered with the original design model, and the surface information of the part is obtained by segmenting the surfaces. The error between reference surface of original design model and test surface of measurement model is calculated. By comparing the error value with the tolerance, the detection result is obtained and analyzed. The developed software system enables areas that do not meet the tolerance requirements to be visualized. This method can detect manufacturing errors for part with complex internal cavity structures, such as planeness error, cylindricity error, verticality error, and parallelism error. This method provides a basis for assessing the manufacturing and processing quality of part with complex internal cavity structures.
A food quality detection method based on electronic nose technology
Authors: Wang Mingyang , Chen Yinsheng , Chen Deyun , Tian Xinchun , Zhao Wenjie , Shi Yunbo
Published: February 2024

Food quality detection is of great importance for human health and industrial production. Currently, the common detection methods are difficult to achieve the need for fast, accurate, and non-destructive detection. In this work, an electronic nose (E-nose) detection method based on the combination of convolutional neural network combined with wavelet scattering network (CNN-WSN) and improved seahorse optimizes kernel extreme learning machine (ISHO-KELM) is proposed for identifying the quality level of a variety of food products. In the feature extraction part, the abstract features of CNN are fused with the scattering features of WSN, and the obtained CNN-WSN fusion features can characterize the original information of the food quality effectively. In the classifier design and decision-making section, chaotic mapping is used to initialize the population in the seahorse optimisation algorithm (SHO), avoiding the problem that SHO may fall into local optimal solutions. The kernel parameters and regularisation coefficients of the KELM model were then optimized by improving the locomotion, predation, and reproduction behaviors of the hippocampal populations, which solved the problem of the difficult selection of the key parameters in the model, and thus improved the accuracy and generalization of the overall model. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed food quality detection model, the E-nose system was first built and milk quality data were collected independently, and then tested on two publicly available food quality datasets as well as a self-collected milk quality dataset, respectively. The experimental results show that the food quality detection method proposed in this work has good quality assessment effect on different datasets.
Chemically exfoliated refined carbon from industrial tea waste for capacitive energy storage
Authors: Güngör Ahmet , Akgül Gökçen , Bakan-Misirlioglu Feray , Erdem Emre
Published: February 2024

Graphitic carbon materials, renowned as favored energy storage materials, offer exceptional features such as a high surface area, customizable surface functionality, stability, and durability and have been extensively investigated. However, identifying highly efficient, cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly materials and sources is the predominant challenge. Abundant natural biomass, the sole renewable carbon resource, is a promising capacitive graphitic carbon reservoir. This study explores the catalytic carbonization of biomass derived from industrial tea waste, employing FeCl3 as a graphitization agent. Subsequently, the biomass undergoes chemical exfoliation to produce graphene-like compounds. The electrochemical performances are comprehensively examined. This innovative technique aims to modulate the capacitance of the refined carbonaceous material, which has increased from 30 F g−1 to 81 F g−1 through the chemical exfoliation of resistive oxygenated groups, rendering it suitable for a prospective supercapacitor application.
Quadrupole-octupole collective excitations in medium mass nuclei
Authors: Budaca R , Budaca A I , Buganu P
Published: February 2024

A quadrupole-octupole axially symmetric collective model is used to describe the alternate parity bands observed in even–even medium mass nuclei. The nature of the octupole correlations in considered nuclei is ascertained from the phenomenology of the adopted model and the obtained parameters. It is found that the model parameters have a regular evolution as a function of neutron number, suggesting that the shape phase transition around N = 90 from low to well deformed shapes is also accompanied by the increase of the vibrational character for the octupole deformation. Model extrapolations are performed for various types of excited states and electromagnetic properties of measured energy levels.
Mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser using a stretched few-mode fiber as a saturable absorber
Authors: Wang Xiuqi , Zhong Mengping , Li Huanhuan , Wang Kunyang , Li Can , Zhang Junjie , Xu Shiqing
Published: February 2024

In this work, an all-fiber saturable absorber (SA) based on nonlinear multimode interference in a short few-mode fiber (FMF) was proposed. Saturable absorption in this all-fiber device was demonstrated with an absorption modulation depth and a saturation fluence of 14.3% and 55.6 μJ cm−2, respectively. A stable mode-locking operation was observed in a thulium-doped passively mode-locked fiber laser using the FMF-based FMF SA. Ultrafast pulses were generated at 1911 nm with a pulse width of 1.96 ps and a 15.69 MHz repetition rate, respectively. The output average power was 2.8 mW, corresponding to a pulse energy of 178 pJ, which was significantly improved compared to graded-index multimode fiber-based SA. The experimental results demonstrate that FMF SA has great potential in eye-safe ultrafast photonics.
Effects of detuning on entropic uncertainty bound and quantum correlations in dissipative environments
Authors: Mehrmanesh Shahram , Hadipour Maryam , Haseli Soroush
Published: February 2024

One of the fundamental arguments in quantum information theory is the uncertainty principle. According to this principle, two incompatible observables cannot be measured with high precision at the same time. In this work, we will use the entropic uncertainty relation in the presence of quantum memory. Considering a dissipative environment, the effects of the detuning between the transition frequency of a quantum memory and the center frequency of a cavity on entropic uncertainty bound and the quantum correlation between quantum memory and measured particle will be studied. It is shown that by increasing the detuning, quantum correlation is maintained. As a result, due to the inverse relationship between the uncertainty bound and quantum correlations, the measurement results are guessed more accurately.
Local delivery of AdipoRon from self-assembled microparticles to inhibit myelin lipid uptake and to promote lipid efflux from rat macrophages
Authors: Shultz Robert B , Hai Nan , Zhong Yinghui
Published: February 2024

Objective. Abundant lipid-laden macrophages are found at the injury site after spinal cord injury (SCI). These cells have been suggested to be pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic. AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, has been shown to promote myelin lipid efflux from mouse macrophage foam cells. While it is an attractive therapeutic strategy, systemic administration of AdipoRon is likely to exert off-target effects. In addition, the pathophysiology after SCI in mice is different from that in humans, whereas rat and human SCI share similar functional and histological outcomes. In this study, we evaluated the effects of AdipoRon on rat macrophage foam cells and developed a drug delivery system capable of providing sustained local release of AdipoRon to the injured spinal cord. Approach. Rat macrophages were treated with myelin debris to generate an in vitro model of SCI foam cells, and the effects of AdipoRon treatment on myelin uptake and efflux were studied. AdipoRon was then loaded into and released from microparticles made from dextran sulfate and fibrinogen for sustained release. Main results. AdipoRon treatment not only significantly promotes efflux of metabolized myelin lipids, but also inhibits uptake of myelin debris. Myelin debris alone does not appear to be inflammatory, but myelin debris treatment potentiates inflammation when administered along with pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ. AdipoRon significantly attenuated myelin lipid-induced potentiation of inflammation. Bioactive AdipoRon can be released in therapeutic doses from microparticles. Significance. These data suggest that AdipoRon is a promising therapeutic capable of reducing lipid accumulation via targeting both myelin lipid uptake and efflux, which potentially addresses chronic inflammation following SCI. Furthermore, we developed microparticle-based drug delivery systems for local delivery of AdipoRon to avoid deleterious side effects. This is the first study to release AdipoRon from drug delivery systems designed to reduce lipid accumulation and inflammation in reactive macrophages after SCI.
Dietary patterns and the effect of long-term PM2.5 exposure on metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mao Huizhen , Wang Wen , Lu Liyong , Huang Wenzhong , Min Yu , Wang Chaohui , Liao Weibin , Pan Jay , Lin Wei , Ju Ke
Published: February 2024

Limited evidence exists regarding the causal effects of air pollution and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as the potential moderating effect of adherence to healthy dietary patterns. We recruited participants with accessible clinical characteristics, dietary patterns, and blood biomarkers data from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Multi-biomarkers combined with physical examinations were used to determine the status of MetS. The fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration was calculated by the near-real-time historical data at the resolution of 1 km. The control function (CF) combined with probit model (CF-Probit) was used to determine the effect of long-term PM2.5 exposure on MetS risk, with wind speed serving as the instrument. We assessed the dietary patterns of each participant using the dietary balance index (DBI). The modification analyses were conducted to investigate the potential moderating role of dietary patterns. The study included 4,277 adult participants participated with a mean age of 50.18 years and an incidence of MetS of 22.38% (957/4277 cases). The mean score for the DBI was 40.23. The mean long-term PM2.5 level was 65.79 μg m−3. The CF-Probit marginal effects analysis showed significant causal effects of chronic PM2.5 exposure on MetS incidence, with a marginal effect of 0.013 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.003–0.022), suggesting that the average partial effect of long-term PM2.5 level on the risk of MetS in adults is 1.3 percentage points. The modification analysis indicated that the average partial effect of PM2.5 level on the risk of MetS is higher for male compared to female (4.22 pencetage points, 95% CI: 2.12 percentage points, 6.35 percentage points) and greater associated with unhealthy dietary patterns (1 percentage point, 95% CI: 0.17 percentage points, 1.86 percentage points). This study found that long-term exposure to PM2.5 increases the risk of MetS, while a healthy dietary pattern can modulate this effect. The findings can provide scientific basis for health protection guidelines for air pollution and provide dietary recommendations for populations.
Farmers’ responses to the use of rice agro-advisory service application in South Bengkulu Regency
Authors: Ishak A , Margono T , Alfayanti Y Hutapea. , Fauzi E , Putra W E , Miswarti  , Yahumri  , Rosmanah S , Rahman T
Published: February 2024

The Rice Agro-advisory Service which in Indonesian is called “Layanan Konsultasi Padi (LKP)” is an internet-based digital application developed by IRRI to compile recommendations for rice cultivation technology. This study aims to determine the response of farmers in the production centers of irrigated lowland rice in South Bengkulu Regency to the application. The research was carried out from September to November 2022 through a survey involving 87 farmers in 42 villages. The data collected includes farmers’ responses to recommendations for lowland rice cultivation technology generated by LKP and farmers’ responses to its attributes, namely mobility (ease of accessing applications), interactive (recommendations by needs of farmers), communicative (recommendations easily understood by farmers), and autonomous (applications can be operated by farmers independently). Data were analyzed descriptively and correlated using contingency coefficients. The results showed that 83.91% of farmers responded well to the application recommendations. Responses to LKP were classified as good for all attributes as mobility (95.40%), interactive (96.55%), communicative (98.95%), and autonomous (74.71%). Farmers’ responses to the LKP recommendations were positively correlated with the interactive attribute which means that a good response to LKP recommendations is closely related to the needs of farmers for site-specific recommendations for lowland rice cultivation.
Evaluation of nutrition status and fertilization recommendations for lowland paddy (Case study in Merigi Kelindang District, Bengkulu Central Regency)
Authors: Yahumri  , Miswarti  , Afrizon  , Rosmanah Siti , Ishak Andi , Putra Wawan Eka , Fauzi Emlan , Firison Jhon , Rahman Taupik , Kusnadi Harwi
Published: February 2024

Farmer fertilization doses are generally insufficient compared to the recommended doses therefore causing low productivity of rice plants. This study aims to evaluate soil nutrient status to determine site-specific fertilization recommendations in Merigi Kelindang District, Central Bengkulu Regency. This study was carried out in February-April 2022 in Merigi Kelindang District, Central Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province. Data was collected by taking composite soil samples at random after harvesting or before the first tillage. Determination of nutrient levels of N, P, K, and soil pH using the at Paddy Soil Test Kit. Data were analyzed descriptively comparatively. The results showed that the nutrient status of paddy fields in Merigi Kelindang District was low N 72%, medium N 14%, high N 7%, and very high 7%. P nutrient status was medium at 93% and low at 7%. High K nutrient status 100%. Meanwhile, pH status is acidic at 7% and slightly acidic at 93%. Recommendations for fertilizer usage in the Merigi Kelindang sub-district as follow; Urea 300 kg/ha for sandy soil (clay content < 20%) or 250 kg in clayey soil (clay content >20%); SP-36 fertilizer (100 kg/ha); KCl (50 kg/ha) without the use of paddy straw as compost and no KCL needed if 5 t/ha paddy straw compost used. Recommendations for soil management with a soil pH value of 5-6 (slightly acidic) are conventional drainage systems and the application of urea as N fertilizer.
Study on the physicochemical, nutritional, and phytochemical properties in five turmeric varieties
Authors: Pheap Davin , Chhim Kimchhun , Hoeun Seanghai , In Sokneang
Published: February 2024

Turmeric is a member of the Zingiberaceae family, which known as a traditional medicine in Southeast Asian countries and can be used as a spice, food preservative, and colorant. The aim of the study was to determine the physicochemical, nutritional, bioactive compound and curcuminoid of five types Turmeric varieties. Five turmeric varieties were collected from Siem Reap province and were freeze-dry before studying. According to the results, the L*, a*, b*, and ΔE value of dried turmeric varieties such as BLK, BG, SN1, FG, and BRN were in the range 58.17±0.00 to 81.89±0.01, -1.46±0.01 to 6.74±0.00, -0.72±0.01 to36.48±0.01, and 14.912±0.01 to 38.12±0.01, respectively. The pH and acidity value ranged from 5.82±0.05 to 6.32±0.01, 0.36±0.01 to 0.85±0.00%, respectively. Moreover, the results of physicochemical were 1.94±0.07 to 3.60±0.22% moisture, 3.26±0.27 to 7.55±0.48% ash, 1.37±0.70 to 11.76±0.67% fiber, and 2.09±0.23 to 10.12±0.87% lipid. The higher value of TPC, TFC, TCC, and TAA were found 11.96±0.98 mg GAE/g db, 83.70±8.11 mg QE/g db, 5.6±0.05%, and 80.71±1.43%. Furthermore, the higher value of CUR, DMC, and BDMC were found in the range 1.60±0.27, 5.87±0.01, and 1.38±0.02 mg/100g db. However, only two turmeric varieties, BLK and FG, were not detected in curcuminoid.
The potential of Azolla and maggot flour in fermented feed for poultry and their effect on the quality of hybrid chicken eggs
Authors: Allaily A , Hanum R , Yaman M A
Published: February 2024

Maggot flour is an alternative source of animal protein, on the other hand, azolla contains vegetable protein. This research aims to determine the potential and effect of using maggot flour and azolla in fermented feed on egg quality. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which consisted of 5 treatments with 4 replications. The types of treatment used were as follows: T0 (commercial 100% CP 524 basal feed), T1 (90% basal feed + 5% maggot flour + 5% azolla flour), T2 (85% basal feed + 5% maggot flour + 10 % %azolla flour %), T3 (85% basal feed + 10% maggot flour + 5% azolla flour), and T4 (80% basal feed + 10% maggot flour + 10% azolla flour). The parameters measured are egg shape, egg weight, egg HU value, egg yolk colour and egg grade. The results showed that the use of maggot flour and azolla in fermented feed did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on egg chicken quality. This shows that in general the quality of eggs from purebred chickens fed fermented feed containing maggot and azolla flour up to 10% is equivalent to the control treatment, without reducing egg quality.
Growth response of sweet kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) seeds due to kinetin and coconut water application using tissue culture technique
Authors: Handayani R S , Nilahayati N , Ismadi I , Akmal A , Aprilia D , Sevia E D
Published: February 2024

Sweet kaffir lime is one of Aceh’s local fruit crops, which is rarely found anymore. The problem of sweet kaffir lime cultivation is the difficulty of generative and vegetative plant propagation. The general objective of this research is to preserve the Acehnese sweet kaffir lime from extinction. One way that can be done is through plant propagation in tissue culture. The experiment was conducted in the Plant Tissue Culture laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Malikussaleh. This research used a two-factor, completely randomized design, and ten replications. Two factors were tried: the concentration of kinetin (0, 1, and 2 mg/L) and the concentration of young coconut water (0, 15, 30 %). The results showed that increasing kinetin concentration could reduce shoot length, number of leaves, root length and slow the root emergence time of sweet kaffir lime in vitro. The best treatment was the 0 mg/L kinetin (without kinetin). Increasing coconut water concentration could increase shoot length, number of leaves, and root length of sweet kaffir lime in vitro. The best treatment was 30% coconut water concentration.
Response of arabica coffee populations on coffee leaf rust in two weather conditions in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Malau Sabam , Tampubolon Bangun , Lumbanraja Parlindungan , Sihotang Maria R , Naibaho Benika
Published: February 2024

Coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease is seriously threatening the sustainability of coffee production in many countries. The incidence and severity as CLR parameters generally depend on the coffee plant, pathogen, and environment. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of arabica coffee populations and weather conditions on CLR parameters. The study was carried out using a field experiment with seven groups of arabica coffee populations in different weathers in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The results showed that the arabica coffee population P7 from District Toba had high resistance to wet weather. Furthermore, all the population groups showed higher degree of CLR parameters in dry than wet weather, while a significant interaction between the population and the weather was observed on branch rust incidence, leaf rust incidence, and severity. Moreover, H. vastatrix races were probably varied and had different adaptability to weather changes, which was the most decisive factor for the dispersal and severity of CLR. The CLR parameters in the dry weather did not correlate with the parameters in the wet weather and vice versa. The total rainfall and the number of the rainy day reduced the CLR dispersal and severity.
Drying gayo coffee under natural processing by using modified Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer in Gayo highland
Authors: Khathir R , Yunita Y , Agustina R , Jayanti D S , Siagian A
Published: February 2024

Gayo highland has relatively low daily temperature which is not effective for drying coffee. The objective of this study was to examine the operation of modified type Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer with 33% absorber area for drying coffee under natural processing in Gayo highland. About 9kg coffee cherries were dried by using the dryer and about 1 kg was dried under sun drying method. Results showed that the drying temperature of modified type Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer was higher about 9 to 14°C than the temperature of sun drying method. However, the relative humidity was about 40% both inside the drying chamber and outside the dryer. In order to reach the moisture below 14%, the drying time of coffee cherries by using the Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer may take for 8—9 days (64—72h) whereas the drying time by using sun drying method needs about 40 days (320h). It was found that the drying rate of coffee cherries dried by using Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer was higher than that of dried by sun drying method. In conclusion, the modified type Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer is promising to be used by farmers in Gayo highland.
Behavior and performance of the integrated farming system model for cassava agribusiness development in Aceh Besar regency
Authors: Hakim L , Widyawati  , Monalisa  , Safrida
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the behavior and performance of the integrated farming system model to support the sustainable and competitive development of cassava agribusiness. This study was conducted in Aceh Besar Regency using a system dynamics methodology approach. Data and information were collected through action research, observation, and interviews. The analysis and discussion were carried out using policy structure diagrams and simulations. The model formulation and data analysis were performed using Veneta Simulation software (Vensim PLE). The research findings indicate that the behavior and performance of the integrated farming system model are significantly influenced by three groups of system behaviors, namely: (1) production facilities subsystem, (2) production subsystem, and (3) processing and marketing subsystem. The interaction among these three groups of system behaviors is expected to support the sustainable and competitive development of cassava agribusiness in Aceh Besar Regency.
The effect of tree shading on soil temperature at Arabica coffee plantation (Coffea arabica L.)
Authors: Hidayat F , Zaitun Z , Mayani N , Erika C , Halim A , Alhafiz P
Published: February 2024

Coffee is a group of plants that require partial light (C3), whose cultivation combines the use of shade trees and cultivated plants with the aim of increasing production and maintaining the microclimate around the cultivated plants. The shade provided by shade trees will have a significant effect on soil temperature and water content. The growth and development of a cultivated plant is strongly influenced by water content, on the other hand, water content also affects soil temperature. The optimal air temperature needed by Arabica coffee plants is 18-21°C, while the soil temperature suitable for Arabica coffee plants is 21°C. The research was needed to determine the effect of shade tree type on the soil temperature of Arabica coffee plants. This research was at the Koperasi Ribang Gayo Musara, Pantan Musara Village, Pegasing Subdistrict, Central Aceh District, Aceh Province. This research used a non-factorial randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. Treatments consisted of shade tree type on coffee plants were control/no shade, small lamtoro shade (Leucaena leucocephala ssp. leucocephala), big lamtoro shade (Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata), banana shade (Musa paradisiaca L.), avocado shade (Persea americana Mill.). The results showed that the shade tree type had a significant effect on soil temperature at a depth of 0, 10, and 20 cm. Coffee plants that were shaded by avocado trees have better temperatures for coffee plants and can reduce soil temperature until they reach optimal temperatures.
The effects of dosages of potassium fertilizer on growth and harvest index of two types of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Authors: Hayati M , Saparudin  , Kurniawan T , Hifnalisa  , Muzaifa M , Ichsan C N , Nura  , Faudiah N
Published: February 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of potassium fertilizer dosages and the type of sweet potato plant as well as the interaction between these two factors on the growth and harvest index of sweet potato plants. This research was carried out at Saree, Aceh Besar Regency and the Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam, Banda Aceh. This research was carried out for 4.5 months from April to September 2023. The research design used was a Randomized Block Design with a 4 x 2 factorial pattern with 3 replications, so that there were 8 treatment combinations consisting of two factors, namely the dosages of potassium fertilizer consisting of 4 levels, namely: control, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha−1and sweet potato types consisting of 2 levels, namely: Saree local clone and Cilembu. The results of the research showed that the plant growth and harvest index were better when treated with a potassium fertilizer dosage of 300 kg ha−1. Better plant growth and harvest index were found in the Cilembu variety. There was no significant interaction between dosages of potassium fertilizer and types of sweet potato plants on all the parameters observed.
Reproduction characteristics of local female buffalo in Suka Makmue and Seunagan Districts, Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh Province
Authors: Novita C I , Muliyani S , Gaznur Z M , Sari E M , Abdullah M A N
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the reproductive performance of local buffalo in Suka Makmue and Seunagan District, Nagan Raya Regency. The number of samples taken in this study included two districts, namely Suka Makmue and Seunagan. The data needed (1) age at first puberty, (2) first mating, (3) length of gestastion, (4) age at first calving, (5) service period and (6) calving interval. The data obtained from this study are Suka Makmue District, the average age of first puberty is 36.76±0.80 months, first mating occurs at 37.53±0.84 months, length of gestastion is 10.65± 0.20 months, age at first calving 49.48±7.17 months, and calving interval 5.73±0.38 months. Meanwhile, in Seunagan District, the first puberty was 37.46±0.72 months, first mating occurred at 37.67±0.54 months, length of gestastion was 10.73±0.15 months, age at first calving was 48.39±0.53 months, and calving interval 5.86±0.26 months. The data obtained showed that female local buffalo in the Suka Makmue and Seunagan District, Nagan Raya Regency, had bad characteristics.
Characteristics of drying cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) using a portable type of dryer
Authors: Longdong I A , Matahari V M , Tooy D
Published: February 2024

Agricultural materials need to be dried because they are perishable and overgrown by microbes. Sun drying is helpful because it is cheap and available, but it is often interrupted if the weather is cloudy or rainy. If the dryer is large, it will be difficult to move. In this study, a designed portable dryer was technically tested on cayenne pepper. The research method was carried out experimentally. The results showed that the temperature inside can reach 55.8 0 C-57.09 °C. The length of effective time for drying cayenne pepper using the portable dryer takes a range of 23-28 hours, with an average initial moisture content of 75.01% reaching the final moisture content of 9.05%. The drying rate time is 2.64% / hour. Further research suggests the presence of artificial airflow in the dryer so that the uniformity of water content reduction in each drying shelf can be achieved.
Fabrication of Glycidyl Methacrylate (GMA) Grafted Cellulose from Rice Straw
Authors: Zulasma M A , Rahmi R , Lelifajri L
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize cellulose grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). Cellulose was isolated from rice straw by chemical method. The acid concentration used during the hydrolysis process affects the size of the cellulose produced, therefore in this study different concentrations of sulfuric acid (50%, 60%, and 70%) were used. Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) results showed the best concentration of sulfuric acid was 50%. Glycidyl methacrylate-grafted cellulose (GMA-g-C) was prepared by different concentration of GMA (15%, 20%, and 25%). GMA-g-C particles were characterized by FT-IR and XRD. FT-IR spectra confirmed the formation of GMA-g-C and XRD data showed the decrease in crystallinity of cellulose after grafting process. The optimum grafting conditions were obtained at 20% GMA with a grafting percentage (Pg) of 233.3% and grafting efficiency (GE) of 27.26%.
Validation of molecular markers associated with amylose content of F8 and F9 lines resulting from a crossing of Black Rice and Mentik Wangi
Authors: Suprayogi S , Oktaviani E , Riyanto A , Prakoso B , Naufal R , Shafaa N A
Published: February 2024

The development of black rice with a fluffier texture at Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, which began in 2004, was carried out by crossing local black rice with the Mentik Wangi variety. At present, six black rice advanced breeding lines are ready for multi-location yield trials. Meanwhile, developing molecular marker-based plant breeding methods can facilitate a more efficient selection process. An important stage in developing molecular markers is marker validation, which aims to test the effectiveness in determining phenotypes in various genotypic and in new populations that differ from others based on the link between the marker and the expected character identified. This research aimed to determine molecular markers that can differentiate the level of amylose content in populations of F8 and F9 lines. The research was carried out on 10 (ten) genotypes consisting of the control variety Logawa, IRPM 112-19- 56, black rice, Mentik Wangi, and six lines. The amplification of the RM190, Wx and SSIIa markers showed polymorphic band. Based on the simple linear regression analysis, in F9, the SSIIa marker had the highest coefficient of determination compared to other markers. Hence, it had the greatest possibility of being a marker for selecting rice based on amylose content.
Investigation of termite attack, Macrotermes gilvus Hagen (Termitidae: Blattodea), to cocoa (Theobroma cacao)
Authors: Anjelia V , Rizki A , Jauharlina J , Sutekad D , Yasmin Y , Dharma W , Rahmadani R , Syaukani S
Published: February 2024

Macrotermes gilvus is a major pest in the cocoa cultivation industry in Indonesia, with huge productivity. The success of a termite control technology is largely determined by the availability of information about the biology of termites which are pests. Investigating M. gilvus attacks was surveyed on polyculture cocoa plantations in Pidie, Aceh Tamiang, and Southeast Aceh Districts, Aceh Province. We found various levels of termite attacks characterized by mounds (nests) and galleries on the cocoa. The presence of nests and galleries damages the pith tissue and creates empty spaces, which are later filled with soil. Lack of land sanitation can trigger termite attacks on the plantations.
Agronomic character and productivity of improved Acehnese rice lines under upland cultivation system
Authors: Gusmelly R , Rahmawati M , Hidayat T , Oktarina H , Zakaria S
Published: February 2024

The improvement of Sigupai has been conducted by inserting Sd-1 gene into its progenies resulting in a shorter lifespan and higher productivity. Through this improvement process, a number of new lines have been produced. However, the adaptataion ability of these lines when cultivated under an upland cultivation system is unclear. The purpose of this research is to determine the agronomic character and productivity of these improved lines under upland cultivation system. The research was conducted at Experimental Garden and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala from March to July 2023. The experimental design used in the research was a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 7 new improved lines, T5.3.12.1.3.12; T5.3.12.1.5.2; T9.1.7.6.9.12; T9.6.1.6.12.1; T9.8.8.3.5.9; T29.2.11.10.7.2; T29.8.5.2.12.12 with 3 replications. The parameters observed were plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, flowering time, harvest time, the weight of filled grains per hill, the weight of 1000 grains, and estimated production per hectare. Research results showed that the lines had significant differences on plant height at 4,6, and 8 week after transplanting (WAT) and at harvesting time, the number of tillers at 4,6, and 8 WAT and weight of 1000 grains. The lines T5.3.12.1.3.12 and T5.3.12.1.5.2 were prospective for upland cultivation with a plant height <110 cm, harvesting time <125 day after sowing (DAS), and estimated production 5.28- 6.03 tons ha−1.
Determining Rice Farming Risk Priorities in North Aceh Regency.
Authors: Rahmaddiansyah R , Agussabti A , Sabaruddin S , Munawar A A , Nasrullah N
Published: February 2024

North Aceh is the main rice-producing district in the Indonesian province of Aceh. This research aims to determine the level of risk, the impact of risk, and the risks that must be prioritized in rice farming businesses in North Aceh Regency. The type of data used in this research is primary and secondary data. Data was collected using a survey method involving 180 respondents using a snowball sampling technique. The data analysis method used in this research is the Risk Calculator method. Risk Calculator is a method for determining priority risks. We found that the risks that need to be a top priority are bird pest attacks, rat pest attacks, Kresek disease attacks, blast disease attacks, and the risk of expensive farm labor wages and high harvest costs.
Identification of loval cultivars of red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in Lubuk Cuik village, Batu Bara district
Authors: Maulana K S , Hanafiah D S , Nugraha F , Wahyuni H , Alfi R
Published: February 2024

Producing superior seeds for chili plants that are resistant to biotic stress is one of the efforts in plant breeding. Characterization/evaluation of germplasm is the initial stage in plant breeding activities. This research aimed to identify the morphological characters of the red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in Lima Puluh Pesisir District, in order to obtain initial material for the genetic assembly of superior seeds of chili plants that are superior to biotic stress. This research was conducted in Lima Puluh Pesisir District in the villages of Lubuk Cuik, from March to Mei 2023 used a descriptive survey method using IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) descriptor. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. The samples used 9 plants from 3 farmers. The results of this study indicate that there are local chili cultivars that have superior characteristics and have the potential to be developed. Local chili cultivars have a wide phenotypic diversity in the characters of plant height, number of seeds per fruit, canopy width, weight per fruit and harvest age.
Nematicidal effectivity of neem oil, castor oil, and pyrethroids toward foliar nematode (Aphelenchoides fragariae) mortality
Authors: Djiwanti S R , Rismayani  , Harni R , Aunillah A
Published: February 2024

The nematicidal activity of neem oil, castor oil, and pyrethroids (deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin) was assessed in triplicate towardA. fragariaemortalityin vitro. Carbamate carbosulfan was used as a comparative chemical. All chemicals tested have a contact poison activity for nematodes. About 25 to 50 nematode vermiforms consisting of larvae and adults were soaked in 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% of botanical oils and pyrethroids solutions for 1 hour, and the dead nematode was then counted under 100x magnification of a compound microscope. The results showed that the mortality rate ofA. fragariaethat was exposed to neem oil, castor oil, deltamethrin, λ-cyhalothrin, and carbosulfan solution with several concentration levels was significantly higher when compared to the mortality rate in the water(P <0.05). On 1.0% concentration, neem oil was more effective in killing the nematode (84.85% mortality) than castor oil (36.52% mortality), and deltamethrin was more effective (74.27% mortality) than λ-cyhalothrin (54.19% mortality. LC50of neem oil was 0,680 μlml−1, deltamethrin was 0.517 μlml−1, and carbosulfan was 0.545 μlml−1. The regression equation for neem oil is y = 60.295x with R2= 0.9551, while for deltamethrin is y = 42.499x + 21.066 with R2= 0.8709.
A study of chemical compounds and antimicrobial activities of Vernonia amygdanlina extract from different areas and the age of leaves as animals’ feed additives
Authors: Samadi  , Ilham  , Wahyudi I , Wajizah S , Sugito
Published: February 2024

Herbal plants have been used as an alternative to replace the use of antibiotics in animal production. African leaves (Vernonia amygdalina) are herbal plants that have medicinal properties. This study was carried out with the purpose of evaluating the biochemical and antimicrobial compounds of African leaf extract as a phytogenic supplement in animal feed. African leaves (V. amygdalina) which grow massively in Aceh were extracted using 96% ethanol solvent in 1:3 ratio. There were 4 African leaf samples differentiated according to young and old leaves that grow in the highlands and lowlands used in this study. Biochemical compound testing was carried out using a qualitative phytochemical screening method and antimicrobial testing (Salmonella and Escherichia coli) using the Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method using Salmonella enterica sv Typhimurium ATCC 14028 and E. coli ATCC 25922 bacteria with a Mc Farland standard of 0.5. Phytochemical test results show that African leaves contain alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids and phenolics. Meanwhile, the results of antimicrobial testing did not show inhibition against Salmonella and Escherichia coli bacteria. This research concluded that the extracted leaves of African plants had the potential to be administrated as a phytogenic additional feed.