bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Testing Time for Methaemoglobin Reduction Test in G6PD Screening: A Comparative Experimental Study between the Monica Cheesbrough Protocol and the Asutifi North District Hospital Protocol at Asutifi North District Hospital, Ghana.
Authors: Duneeh Richard-Vikpebah , Appiah-Intsiful Emmanuel , Bedzina Israel , Akorsu Elliot Elikplim , Klugah Mercy Adzo , Amponsah Francis Agyei , Boadu Wina Ivy Ofori , Ntiamoah Paul , Asamoah Alexander , Ablordey Kenneth , Allotey Emmanuel
Published: October 2024

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an inherited disorder caused by a genetic defect in the red blood cell enzyme G6PD, affecting around 500 million people worldwide. The study investigated the optimum methaemoglobin reduction test (MRT) reaction time for diagnosing G6PD deficiency among patients at Asutifi North District Hospital using Monica Cheesbrough protocol and Asutifi North District Hospital Protocol.
Methodology: The study was an experimental study conducted with 643 participants from April, 2024 to July, 2024. The Monica Cheesbrough MRT and the Asutifi North Hospital MRT protocols, were compared at various time points (T90, T120, T150, and T180 minutes). Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Kappa statistics were used to assess reliability and agreement between the results from the two protocols. McNemar's test was utilized to analyse G6PD status differences between the protocols. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency was also determined. Data analysis was done using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26.0 (2019. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp). P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analysis.
Results: T90 ICC values were very low (0.005-0.007), indicating poor agreement. From T120 onwards, ICC values were high (0.967-0.996, p<0.001), demonstrating excellent reliability. Significant differences in G6PD status were found at T90 (p<0.001), with diminishing differences at later time points. Kappa values indicated slight agreement at T90 (K=0.164, p<0.001) and perfect agreement from T120 onwards (K=1.000, p<0.001). The majority of participants 606 (94.2%) had normal G6PD status, 29 (4.5%) had a fully defective enzyme, and 8 (1.2%) had a partially defective enzyme activity.
Conclusion: The study found the optimum MRT reaction to be 120 minutes. The study also emphasized lesser volumes of blood samples and reagent give accurate results in the optimum time established. These insights can help in both sample and reagent management especially amongst paediatric patients where it is difficult taking very large volumes of blood for testing.
Investigating the influence of magnetic field on heat transfer in turbulent ferromagnetic fluid over a backward-facing step
Authors: Sharifi Mehran
Published: October 2024

In this research, we present a computational investigation into the behavior of turbulent ferromagnetic fluids flowing over a backward-facing step, influenced by an external magnetic field. Our model is subjected to a rigorous validation process to prevent error masking across various sub-models. The study encompasses a range of Reynolds numbers (\(\:{\text{R}\text{e}}_{\text{H}}\)) from 5,000 to 80,000, expansion ratios (\(\:{\text{E}}_{\text{r}}\)) from just above 1 to 2, Prandtl numbers (\(\:\text{P}\text{r}\)) from 4 to 8, and Hartmann numbers (\(\:\text{H}\text{a}\)) from 0 to 100. We introduce innovative correlations for the average Nusselt number, applicable in both the presence and absence of a magnetic field. These novel correlations are meticulously compared with existing empirical formulas, and their compatibility and discrepancies are critically analyzed. By incorporating a broader spectrum of physical phenomena, such as the braking effect of magnetohydrodynamics, the impact of the step geometry, the resulting recirculation zones, and the potential inaccuracies in calculating average velocity and Reynolds number, our new correlations substantially enhance the predictive accuracy of the average Nusselt number compared to previous models.
Effect of Ficus carica against DEN-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: In Vivo and In Silico Analysis
Authors: Mustafa Kiren , Zaib Sania , Qi Tang , Karishma ..................... , Nasir Hassan Khan , Song Yuanda , Li Zhihe
Published: October 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most fatal cancers responsible for mortality worldwide. That makes HCC an important cancer to be studied. A randomized controlled study was conducted (on 32 Balb c albino mice) to evaluate the anticancer potential of acetone based extract of F.carica variety from Shandong province of China for the first time. Diethyl amine nitrosamine (DEN) and carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) were used as inducers of hepatic carcinoma in mice. We conducted an in vivo study on F.carica based acetone (FA) extract that has already been proven effective against hepatoblastoma cancer (HepG2) cell lines in our previous experiments. FA extract attenuated the liver functional biomarkers (BUN, ALT, AST, ALP) and the level of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) significantly in the serum of mice at a dose of 60 mg/kg of body weight of mice. The histopathological analysis indicated the regeneration of liver tissues to the normal state of liver upon feeding the mice with the extract for a period of 60 days. The standard hepatoprotective drug silymarin was used as a positive control to assess the efficacy of the used extract. Silymarin (50mg/kg of body weight) also decreased the liver injury associated biomarkers; however, its effect was almost same and even the extract efficiently reduced BUN content and the level of AST enzyme in the blood serum of the studied mice. Our in vivo findings are also reinforced by our in-silico studies. This study leverages molecular docking and ADMET profiling to identify promising FA-based compounds. These compounds, have potentially therapeutic effects and exhibit competitive and even better results than the FDA approved drug i.e. Silymarin. Various phytochemicals from FA extract including sitosterol, quercetin, and luteolin, were tested against the key targets of Hepatocarcinoma e.g., EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor), VEGFR (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor), and MMPs (Matrix metalloproteinases) via molecular docking stimulation. The findings suggest that sitosterol, quercetin, and luteolin show competitive binding and favorable ADMET properties, proposing them as candidates for further experimental validation. This novel extract and further its isolated compounds could serve as a better and economical alternative to traditional drugs in -future.
PKLR-modulating compounds show promising effects for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Mardinoglu Adil , Kim Woonghee , Jin Han , miao peipei , Ozcan Mehmet , Liao Xinmeng , Li Mengzhen , Iqbal Shazia , Sebhaoui Jihad , Ashraf Sajda , Turkez Hasan , Boren Jan , Uhlén Mathias , Shi Xiaojing , Zhang Cheng
Published: October 2024

The pyruvate kinase L/R (PKLR) enzyme was associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and identified as a potential drug target. Here, we first demonstrated the anti-HCC effects of recently developed six PKLR-modulating compounds, including SET135, SET156, SET158, SET159, SET171, and SET172 and JNK-IN-5A, a repurposed compound for modulation of PKLR based on systems biology. Compared with the multi-target kinase inhibitors sorafenib and regorafenib, PKLR-modulating compounds exhibited enhanced induction of cell cycle arrest mediated by p53 and increased levels of autophagy, apoptosis, and reduced invasiveness. Second, we performed global gene expression profiling using RNA sequencing and revealed the mechanism of action of each compound. Among these PKLR-modulating compounds, two exhibited unique pathways leading to necrotic cell death. The SET135 triggered autophagic necrotic cell death via p62/SQSTM1 induction, whereas the SET171 facilitated necrotic cell death by increasing cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. Third, we validated that these PKLR-modulating compounds exert distinct cellular effects, showcasing stronger cell cycle arrest and apoptosis when compared to sorafenib and regorafenib based on systems biology analysis. Finally, we treated a HCC-transplanted mouse model with SET135 and SET171 for 21 days and showed that both compounds have superior anti-HCC therapeutic effects than sorafenib via apoptotic cell death. Our findings suggest that PKLR-modulating compounds, capable of inducing both apoptotic and necrotic cell death, represent promising candidates for novel HCC therapeutic agents.
The Global Flourishing Study: Study Profile and Initial Results on Flourishing
Authors: VanderWeele Tyler
Published: October 2024

The Global Flourishing Study is a longitudinal panel study of over 200,000 participants in 22 geographically and culturally diverse countries, spanning all six populated continents, with nationally representative sampling, and intended annual longitudinal panel data collection for five years on numerous aspects of flourishing and its determinants. A description of the study, design, survey development, sampling procedures, and participant characteristics is provided. We report relations between a composite flourishing index and numerous demographic characteristics including age, gender, education, marital status, employment, religious affiliation and service attendance, immigration status, and race/ethnicity. We also report results of multivariate regression analyses on how flourishing is associated with numerous aspects of childhood experiences assessed retrospectively. Analyses are presented both through pooled meta-analysis, and individually by country, and discussion is given as to how the demographic and childhood relationships vary by country and which patterns appear to be universal versus culturally-specific. Brief comment is also given on the results of a whole series of papers in the Global Flourishing Study Special Collection, employing similar analyses, but with more specific aspects of well-being. The Global Flourishing Study expands our knowledge of the distribution and determinants of well-being and provides foundational knowledge for the promotion of societal flourishing.
The enhanced healing effect of Anadenanthera colubrina ethanolic extract on excisional skin wounds in mice
Authors: Neres Wemerson de Santana , Aragão Jéssica Maria Dantas Araújo , Nascimento Ana Carla Silva , Santos Jileno Ferreira , Matos Saulo Santos , de Souza Daniel Alves , Neto José Martins Filho , Duarte Marcelo Cavalcante , Moitinho Valdomiro Silveira , Correa Cristiane Bani , Camargo Enilton Aparecido , Grespan Renata
Published: October 2024

Background: Anadenanthera colubrina has been widely used in traditional medicine as a healing agent. However, the body of evidence supporting the use of this extract as a wound healer is still limited. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the effect of the ethanolic extract of Anadenanthera colubrina (EEAc) on the viability of L929 fibroblasts and its antioxidant potential in vitro, as well as its effect on the healing of excisional skin wounds in mice.
Methods: The extract was analyzed for its major compound using HPLC, as well as for the total phenolic content. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated through radical scavenging assays, such as ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP. The cell viability of L929 fibroblasts treated with EEAcwas determined using the MTT assay. Skin excision was performed in female swiss mice and distributed groups: control (saline), vehicle (2% of DMSO in PG) or EEAc (5%). Treatment was administered daily, and the progress of wound healing was monitored on days 0, 3, 7 and 14. The wounds was collected on days 1, 3, 7 and/or 14 for histological analysis. The concentration of cytokines TNF-α and IL-10, MPO and NAG activity enzymes were assessed in wounds, at various time points.
Results: HPLC analysis showed that EEAc has caffeic acid as its main compound. EEAcexhibited a high total phenolic content and good antioxidant capacity against the evaluated free radicals. Furthermore, it was not cytotoxic to L929 fibroblasts. In mice, EEAc reduced the wound area on the 3rd and 7th days and increased collagen deposition on the 14th day. Additionally, EEAc reduced MPO activity on the 3rd day and NAG activity on the 7th day, in contrast to the increase in IL-10 cytokine concentration on the 7th day.
Conclusion: EEAc showed good antioxidant potential and does not present cytotoxicity in L929 cells. Taken together, our data demonstrate, for the first time, that EEAcimproved skin wound healing by modulating the inflammatory response during this phase of the repair process. This effect possibly led to efficient healing with increased collagen deposition, revealing its potential application as a healing agent.
Shear-activated phase transformations of diborides via machine-learning potential molecular dynamics
Authors: Lin Shuyao , Holec David , Sangiovanni Davide , Leiner Thomas , Hultman Lars , Mayrhofer Paul , Koutná Nikola
Published: October 2024

The layered character of transition metal diborides (TMB2:s)---with three structure polymorphs representing different stackings of the metallic sublattice---evokes the possibility of activating phase-transformation plasticity via mechanical shear strain. This is critical to overcome the most severe limitation of TMB2:s: their brittleness. To understand finite-temperature mechanical response of the α, ω, and γ polymorphs at the atomic scale, we train machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) for TMB2:s, TM=(Ti, Ta, W, Re). Validation against ab initio data set supports the MLIPs' capability to predict structural and elastic properties, as well as shear-induced slipping and phase transformations. Nanoscale molecular dynamics simulations (>104 atoms; ≈53 nm3) allow minimizing size effects, thus evaluating theoretical shear strengths attainable in single-crystal TMB2:s and their temperature evolution from 300 up to 1200 K. Quantitative structural analysis via angular and bond-order parameter descriptors shows that xz and yz shearing activates transformations between the (energetically) metastable and the preferred phase of TiB2, TaB2, and WB2. These transformations can be promoted by additional tensile or compressive strain along the [0001] axis. The preferred phase of ReB2 shows negative thermal expansion and an unprecedented shear-induced plasticity mechanism: metallic/boron layer interpenetration and uniform lattice rotation.
Deep Learning-based Uplink Data Detection in User-Centric Cell-Free mMIMO Systems
Authors: Hematidoust Noorollah , Tadaion Aliakbar , Buzzi Stefano , Magarini Maurizio , Sadeghi Mohammadtaghi
Published: October 2024

This paper tackles the problem of uplink data detection in a user-centric cell-free massive multi-input multi-output (UC-CF-mMIMO). First of all, we show that the problem of uplink data detection in UC-CF-mMIMO with large-scale fading decoding (LSFD) can be cast as a classical MIMO detection problem. Next, we develop a new detection structure, called LMDPIC, which combines linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) and deep-learning-based parallel interference cancellation (DeepPIC) detectors for symbol detection. Simulation results demonstrate that LMDPIC outperforms other state-of-the-art MIMO detection schemes for BPSK and QPSK modulation schemes, both in the case of the perfect and in that of imperfect channel state information (CSI) available at the APs. We also propose two heuristic pilot assignment schemes to improve the quality of CSI acquisition during uplink training. The performance of LMDPIC is also evaluated for several power-control strategies, including half-power, max-min, and full-power transmission. Our results show that for 5\% UEs with the highest pairwise symbol error rate, the LMDPIC with half power transmission outperforms the LMMSE with full power transmission. Finally the paper also shows that the deep neural network (DNN) used in the LMDPIC structure is robust against CSI time variations.
Enhancing Performance and Stability in a Grid-Integrated Hybrid PV/DFIG System
Authors: PADAMATA ANKINEEDU PRASAD , GUDAPATI SAMBASIVA RAO
Published: October 2024

This paper presents an innovative approach for integrating renewable energy-sources, specifically wind, and solar-PV, into a hybrid energy system utilizing a DFIG rated at 250KW. The system incorporates a DFIG wind energy system and a Solar PV system integrated at the DC link. Here, solar-PV rating matches the GSC rating of DFIG. During solar-PV power availability, the DFIG operates at sub-synchronous speeds or light loading conditions. Conversely, during wind availability, the DFIG is operated at hypersynchronous speed to ensure optimal power generation and grid integration. The integration scheme is tested and validated using MATLAB simulations. These simulations demonstrate efficient utilization of both wind and solar power resources. They also address grid integration challenges, enhancing overall system stability and efficiency. This integrated approach offers a promising solution for sustainable energy generation. It contributes to the reduction of reliance on conventional energy sources. Additionally, it fosters the transition towards a greener energy infrastructure.
Mitigating the Task Scheduling Problem in Fog Computing Environments using Marine Predators Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Mahfouz Khaled Hossam , Betar Mohammed Azmi Al , Makhadmeh Sharif Naser , Shambour Qusai Yousef
Published: October 2024

Cloud and fog computing architectures are essential for decentralizing computational tasks, enabling efficient processing across user demands and extensive IoT networks. As computational loads grow in complexity and scale, effective task scheduling across these architectures becomes critical for optimizing resource usage and reducing latency. This paper introduces the Marine Predators Algorithm (MPA), a novel nature-inspired optimization approach to address the task scheduling challenge within cloud and fog environments. Due to the complexity and high-dimensionality of the scheduling problem, MPA was tested on both synthetic and real-world workloads, including HPC2N, NASA iPSC, and GOCJ datasets. Simulation results indicate that MPA outperforms several existing algorithms, achieving significant reductions in average makespan times and enhancing the Degree of Imbalancing, thereby ensuring more efficient resource distribution. These findings underscore MPA’s effectiveness in addressing the demanding task scheduling requirements of decentralized computing environments, positioning it as a promising solution for improved performance and resource utilization in cloud and fog infrastructures.
Multifaceted role of osmoprotectant glycine betaine to ameliorate Cd and As toxicity by modulation of growth and biochemical indices in wheat plants
Authors: kumar Sandeep , sharma Jyoti , Arya Sunder Singh , Ahlawat Anju , Ram Kirpa
Published: October 2024

Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd) contamination is a pressing global issue spanning environmental, agricultural, and health domains, primarily due to their highly toxic and carcinogenic nature. Exposure of plants to Cd and As stress can induce numerous morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes. Glycine betaine (GB) plays a vital role in alleviating abiotic stresses by acting as a potent compatible solute. This study evaluated the effectiveness of GB (5 mM) treatment in wheat plants (HD2967 and HD3086) in mitigating the toxicity caused by Cd (1100 ppm) and As (225 ppm). Cd and As toxicity markedly suppressed growth parameters such as root-shoot length, plant biomass, and biochemical attributes (total protein and carbohydrate). It also decreases the germination rate and seed viability. Simultaneously, Cd and As stress conditions significantly elevated the concentrations of stress-specific parameters (phenol, MDA, and proline Content) in wheat plants. Conversely, the external application of GB alleviated the detrimental impacts of Cd and As stress by enhancing the growth characteristics, biomass, germination rate, and biochemical attributes. Additionally, GB treatment reduces the concentration of stress-specific parameters and suggests GB acts as a stress resilience. In conclusion, data revealed that applying GB can mitigate or lessen the toxic effects induced by Cd and As stress in both varieties, leading to positive modulation of plant growth performance and reduction of oxidative stress by reducing the concentration of the stress-specific biomarker. Thus, the current research suggests that GB application may benefit crops vulnerable to Cd and As toxicity by enhancing growth and biochemical attributes, ultimately resulting in yield.
Neither cholelithiasis nor cholecystectomy is causally associated with colorectal cancer: A univariate and multivariate mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qin Qiong , Zhou Yong , Ren Ao , Yang Ling-Xiang , Jiang Shi-Ming , Chen Yong
Published: October 2024

Background
Epidemiological studies reported controversial results regarding the relationship between cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy and colorectal cancer (CRC). In the presence of reverse causality and confounding factors, findings of our previous retrospective study that it was gallbladder disease rather than cholecystectomy that was a risk factor for colorectal cancer was not sufficiently convincing. Therefore, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to further explore the relationship between cholelithiasis or cholecystectomy and CRC.
Methods
We performed a univariate MR (UVMR) and multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis of 1,054,773 samples and 37,970,958 SNPs from three European genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to explore the causality of cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy and CRC. The forward analysis, with cholelithiasis or cholecystectomy as exposure and CRC as outcome, included UVMR and MVMR analysis. In UVMR, 21 and 30 independent SNPs strongly (P < 5*10− 8) associated with cholelithiasis on CRC and cholecystectomy on CRC were extracted as valid instrumental variables (IVs); in MVMR, 14 and 26 valid IVs were extracted, respectively. The inverse analysis, with CRC as exposure and cholelithiasis or cholecystectomy as outcome, only included MVMR. 9 and 7 IVs strongly associated with CRC on cholelithiasis and CRC on cholecystectomy were extracted, respectively. MR results were estimated using multiplicative random effects-inverse variance weighted (MRE-IVW), simple mode (SM), weighted median (WME), weighted mode (WMO) and MR-Egger regression methods, respectively. Sensitivity analysis was performed using heterogeneity test, pleiotropy test and leave-one-out test. MR results were presented using scatter plots, forest plots and funnel plots.
Results
In the forward analysis, neither UVMR nor MVMR analysis estimated by MRE-IVW revealed a causal relationship between cholelithiasis on CRC (OR = 1.0002, 95% CI = 0.999–1.001, P = 0.729 and OR = 1.0003, 95% CI = 0.998–1.003, P = 0.799, respectively) or between cholecystectomy on CRC (OR = 0.9917, 95% CI = 0.963–1.022, P = 0.582 and OR = 0.9897, 95% CI = 0.936–1.046, P = 0.715, respectively). In the inverse analysis, MRE-IVW estimates also revealed little evidence for a causal relationship between CRC on cholelithiasis (OR = 0.0504, 95% CI = 0.001–2.871, P = 0.147) or between CRC on cholecystectomy (OR = 0.9894, 95% CI = 0.792–1.236, P = 0.925). Results from other MR estimation methods were consistent with MRE-IVW. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability and reliability of results.
Conclusions
Our two-sample univariate and multivariate MR analysis revealed neither cholelithiasis nor cholecystectomy was causally associated with colorectal cancer.
Information technologies in the mining industry
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Fedorova Svetlana , Kozhevnikov Dmitrii ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: October 2024

In the mining industry, a company’s level of competitiveness is primarily determined by productivity and operational excellence. Digitalization is becoming an important factor for mining companies to remain competitive in the production market. It is obvious that modern technologies are opening up new directions for increasing productivity. Mining companies invest huge amounts of money in the development and application of modern information technologies, energy and drilling systems to increase the production level and improve environmental efficiency. The study aims to analyze advantages and disadvantages of modern information technologies implemented at mining enterprises and to assess the prospects for using them in training occupational safety experts. It was established that in training occupational safety specialists, it is advisable to use domestic software. Examples of software products used by Irkutsk National Research Technical University are provided.
The key results of studies of benzo(a)pyrene in natural and man-made environments of the Southern Baikal region (2016–2024)
Authors:   rkutsk National Research Technical University, Belykh Larisa
Published: October 2024

The study aims to provide a retrospective review of the results of studies of benz(a)pyrene in the natural and man-made environments of the Southern Baikal region. The study was conducted with staff, students, and postgraduates at the Department of Industrial Ecology and Railways of the Institute of Subsoil Use of Irkutsk National Research Technical University in 2016-2024. The article is devoted to the 75th anniversary of the department. The atmospheric air in the cities of Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk regions was assessed based on the results of monitoring of the content of benzо(a)pyrene. Its carcinogenic risks to public health were determined. The results of the systematic study of the sources of emissions into the atmosphere of benzо(a)pyrene and its analogues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were analyzed. Anthropogenic and man-made (aluminum production, low-power heat sources, highways) and natural (forest fires) sources of benzо(a)pyrene release were identified by assessing its mass load. The indicators of sources of atmospheric pollution - snow cover, soils, plants - were identified. Correlations between atmospheric air pollution and health (neoplasms) of the Irkutsk region population were determined found. The distribution of benzо(a)pyrene in the systems of conjugated objects of the biosphere was studied: “source of emissions - atmospheric air - snow cover”, “soil - plant”, “water - hydrobionts”. Patterns indicating a new source of atmospheric pollution with carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - natural fires, which can affect the morbidity of the population of the Southern Baikal region - were obtained.
Digitalization and artificial intelligence in labor protection
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Timofeeva Svetlana
Published: October 2024

В статье представлены результаты анализа современного этапа цифровизации и использования искусственного интеллекта в охране труда. Показано, что цифровая трансформация в охране труда является закономерным этапом цифровой эволюции, включающим автоматизацию технологических процессов, перевод аналоговых процессов в автоматизированный формат, в том числе автоматизацию рабочего места специалиста по охране труда, цифровизацию на основе использования набора программных продуктов для контроля отдельных процедур охраны труда и цифровую трансформацию - переход на новые модели управления бизнес-процессами с инвестициями в человеческий капитал, формирование культуры безопасности труда. Целью работы являлось обобщение достижений в области цифровизации и искусственного интеллекта в охране труда за 2023-2024 год и их использование при подготовке специалистов по охране труда, а также при обучении студентов по направлению «Техносферная безопасность». Обозначены актуализация нормативных документов и практическое применение цифровой трансформации в охране труда, ключевыми из которых являются разработка и внедрение систем сбора и анализа информации по условиям труда, здоровью работающих, профессиональным рискам, новым технологиям обучения с использованием симуляции и виртуальных тренажеров, обеспечение умными средствами индивидуальной защиты, видеонаблюдение и формирование культуры безопасности. Приведены реализованные на предприятиях России кейсы по цифровизации. Рассмотрены внедренные в сфере безопасности и охраны труда кейсы с использованием цифровых платформ, которые предлагаются студентам, обучающимся по профилю «Безопасность технологических процессов и производств», в Иркутском национальном исследовательском техническом университете.
Random matrices and the free energy of Ising-like models with disorder
Authors: Gluth Nils , Guhr Thomas , Hucht Alfred
Published: October 2024

We consider an Ising model with quenched surface disorder, the disorder average of the free energy is the main object of interest. Explicit expressions for the free energy distribution are difficult to obtain if the quenched surface spins take values of ± 1±1. Thus, we choose a different approach and model the surface disorder by Gaussian random matrices. The distribution of the free energy is calculated. We chose skew-circulant random matrices and analytically compute the characteristic function of the free energy distribution. From the characteristic function we numerically calculate the distribution and show that it becomes log-normal for sufficiently large dimensions of the disorder matrices, and in the limit of infinitely large matrices tends to a Gaussian. Furthermore, we establish a connection to the central limit theorem.
La innovación pedagógica y su aporte en la formación de bachilleres técnicos agropecuarios para implementar prácticas sostenibles
Authors: Dueñas Basurto Celso Gustavo , Zambrano Vera Eura María
Published: October 2024

La educación agropecuaria afronta desafíos ambientales y sociales en el siglo XXI, necesita una transformación profunda en la formación de sus futuros profesionales. La innovación pedagógica y el uso de estrategias como el ABP (Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas) y las TIC´S (Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación) entre otras, promueven una visión holística del desarrollo sostenible. Se analiza el potencial de la innovación pedagógica en la formación de bachilleres técnicos agropecuarios en prácticas sostenibles. La presente investigación llevada a cabo con la participación de 60 estudiantes, 45 padres de familia y 14 maestros de la oferta de Bachillerato Técnico Agropecuario de la Unidad Educativa Fiscal San Isidro, arrojó resultados significativos. Se emplearon métodos que van desde el análisis bibliográfico hasta técnicas estadísticas de tipo cuasiexperimental, mixto, de naturaleza exploratoria y descriptiva. A lo largo de la investigación, se vio que la satisfacción con las estrategias pedagógicas aumentó. En general los padres se sentían muy satisfechos con las estrategias pedagógicas utilizadas, con un crecimiento. Este indicador positivo refleja la confianza de los padres en la formación que reciben sus hijos. Este aumento se observó cuando se implementaron herramientas de innovación pedagógica. Sin embargo, a pesar de estos avances, persisten algunas barreras que limitan la plena integración de estas prácticas. Destacando la necesidad de adoptar estrategias pedagógicas a contextos específicos y seguir investigando para mejorar la educación rural y promover el desarrollo sostenible.
Interpreting The Impetus of Artificial Intelligence (AI) On Customer Satisfaction in The Digital Banking Landscape
Authors: Joseph A Sunil , C M Shiny
Published: October 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) transforms digital banking technology by augmenting the consumer banking experiences. This study explored the stimulus of AI attributes-trendiness, visual attractiveness, and problem-solving on customer satisfaction in digital banking. To accomplish this, a descriptive and quantitative research approach was embraced, gathering and analysing 120 sample using SPSS 23.0. The correlation analysis exposed positive association between AI attributes and customer satisfaction. Trendiness indicated a modest correlation, Visual Attractiveness and Problem Solving exhibited robust correlations. The regression analysis proved that visual attractiveness is exceptionally significant, problem solving exhibited significant impact and trendiness did not forecast substantial customer pleasure. This study emphasizes the significance of visual attractiveness and problem-solving in shaping positive customer experiences in AI-induced digital banking, stressing the necessity for the constant innovation in the competitive business environment.
Did the Covid-19 Pandemic Trigger Herding Behavior?
Authors: Komalasari Puput Tri , Qalby Zahrin Haznina , Alhaqi Vanessa Ryan
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on mutual fund herding in Indonesia. The research population comprises open-end mutual funds in Indonesia. By adopting the purposive sampling method, we selected the stock mutual funds registered from 2017 to 2022 as our research sample. We define the 2017-2019 period as before COVID-19 and 2020-2022 as during COVID-19. This study employs CSAD and CSSD as proxies for return dispersion by considering two types of indices as benchmarks, namely LQ45 and IDX Composite. Our study found that COVID-19 did trigger mutual fund herding. However, we failed to find herding behavior when there is a large market movement. Instead, we found reverse herding.
Event Operation and Management in Risk Assessment for Outdoor Food Bazaar Events
Authors: Sari Afita , Sooai Anastasia S.E , Rahmawati Fadila , Saputra Fajar , Silitonga Laura Julige , Santoso Nanda Putri , Tambunan Jessica
Published: October 2024

This study evaluates risk management in organizing a food bazaar held in an open field at the Jakarta International Velodrome from May 31 to June 2, 2024. The research methodology includes direct observation, structured interviews with the organizing committee, and document analysis. The assessment results indicate that the event falls into the Very High Risk category for safety aspects, with potential hazards such as smuggling, theft, and fire. Additionally, the cleanliness of the area and healthcare facilities are deemed inadequate, categorized as High Risk. The limitations of hygiene facilities such as toilets and sinks, as well as the risk of dehydration, were also identified. This study recommends enhanced preparation and attention to risk management for similar events in the future to ensure the safety and comfort of visitors. By identifying, analyzing, and evaluating risks more comprehensively, it is hoped that event organizers can minimize potential hazards and improve the quality of future events. The study also emphasizes the importance of collaboration among various stakeholders, including the government, event organizers, security personnel, and healthcare services, to create a safe and comfortable event environment. Measures such as safety training for staff, adequate placement of healthcare facilities, and improved security systems can reduce the risks faced by visitors. Additionally, the study highlights the need for effective communication with the audience regarding safety and health protocols to be followed during the event. The implementation of technology such as crowd monitoring applications and early detection systems can also be a solution in managing risks more effectively.
ESG Scores’ Impact on Portfolio Performance, An Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Kusno John Iwan , Hartanto Fransisca Tharia , Trilaksono Teddy
Published: October 2024

This study is to determine the effect of using the Refinitiv ESG score in stock picking and its impact on portfolio performance using the ESG Score. Methodology for this research using a two-sample t-test of Net Asset Value (NAV) price-return portfolios and the Sharpe ratio as a proxy for risk adjustment return for portfolio evaluation. The results of this study indicate that the use of a Refinitiv rating may serve as a suitable metric for stock selection strategy because companies with higher ESG scores tend to exhibit superior performance. Since ESG ratings in Indonesia are still difficult to obtain, those with access to ESG ratings will have more advantages. Greater return performance is followed by an increased level of risk. Given the assumption of a well-diversified portfolio, it is hypothesized that the increased risk can be attributed to a larger variance coefficient. So that the Sharpe ratio must be used for portfolio evaluation to measure risk-adjusted returns.
Tryptophan Stability and Palatability in the Food Formulation: A Review
Authors: Allahmadadi Sevda , Homayouni-Rad Aziz , Tabibiazar Mahnaz , Gharehbeglou Pouria , Sarabi-Aghdam Vahideh , Moghadam Saba Kamalledin , Hamishehkar Hamed , Kazemi Sanaz
Published: October 2024

Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, plays a crucial role in various physiological
functions and is becoming more popular for use in food products This review
delves into the methods, benefits, and challenges associated with enriching food
products with tryptophan. We explore innovative strategies to enhance the stability,
reduce bitterness, and improve the palatability of tryptophan supplementation in
food formulations. Among these strategies, the utilization of nano-emulsion
systems emerge as a promising approach to encapsulate tryptophan, safeguarding
it from environmental factors and enhancing its bioavailability. Additionally, we
discuss the incorporation of antioxidants and the use of functional derivatives as
alternative methods to mitigate degradation and enhance consumer acceptability.
thorough examination of these strategies, this review aims to provide insights into
maximizing the potential of tryptophan enrichment in food products while
overcoming the associated challenges.
Associations between Gut Microbiota and Microbial Metabolites in Adjuvant- induced Arthritis Rats with Moist Heat Arthralgia Spasm Syndrome
Authors: Sun Yehong , Gong Chunxia , Pan Lingyu , Jiang Hui , Chen Weidong , Wang Yongzhong
Published: October 2024

Background:

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune
disease. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes theory, moist
heat arthralgia spasm syndrome is the most prevalent syndrome of RA patients in the
active period. However, the mechanism of alteration of gut microbiota in RA with moist
heat arthralgia spasm syndrome has not been reported until now.

Objective:

This study focused on the alteration of gut microbiota in adjuvant-induced
arthritis rats with moist heat arthralgia spasm syndrome, elaborated its regulation
mechanism, and analyzed the associations between gut microbiota and microbial
metabolites.

Methods:

The disease-syndrome combination rat model of RA with moist heat
arthralgia spasm syndrome was constructed with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis (AIA)
under damp-heat stimulating. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was
used to measure serum biochemical indicators. Damages of ankle joints were
observed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). 16 small ribosomal subunit RNA (16S
rRNA) gene sequencing was conducted to assess the gut microbiota composition and
function on feces from rats. Alterations in fecal metabolites profiling were evaluated by
fecal metabolomics through Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Pearson correlation analysis was
performed to explore the associations of altered gut microbiota and microbial
metabolites in Model rats.

Results:

The imbalance of gut microbiota in Model rats was accompanied by
metabolic disorders. Lactobacillus, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Allobaculum,
Prevotellaceae_UCG_001, Alloprevotella, and Dubosiella were found to be dominant
genera in Model rats. In total, 357 metabolites were significantly altered in Model rats
and predominantly enriched into fatty acid degradation and glycerophospholipid
metabolism. Pearson correlation analysis showed that TNF-α and IL-1β were
associated with Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group and 3R-hydroxy-docosan-5S-olide,
alpha-N-(3-hydroxy-14-methyl-pentadecanoyl)-ornithine, 17-methyl-trans-4,5-
methylenenona-decanoic acid, Semiplenamide F.

Conclusion:

The key differential microbiota genera and differential microbial
metabolites may become important targets for the treatment of RA and provide the
theoretical basis for exploring the pathogenesis of RA.
AI in Clinical Trials and Drug Development: Challenges and Potential
Advancements
Authors: Gupta Divyanshi , Wal Pranay , Wal Ankita , K.R Sribhavani , kumar Mudit , Panda Krishna Chandra , Sharma Mukesh Chandra
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the fastest-growing fields in various industries, including engineering, architecture, medical and clinical research, aerospace, and others. AI, which is a
combination of machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and human intelligence (HI), is revolutionizing drug discovery and development by making it more cost-effective and efficient. It is also
being used in fields such as medicinal chemistry, molecular and cell biology, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, formulation development, and toxicology. AI plays a crucial role in clinical testing by
enhancing patient stratification, patient sample evaluation, and trial design, assisting in the identification of biomarkers, determining efficacy criteria, dose selection, trial length, and target patient
population selection. The primary objective of this study is to emphasize the importance of AI in
clinical trials and drug development, while also exploring the existing challenges and potential advancements in AI within the healthcare industry. A comprehensive literature review was conducted,
covering the period from 1998 to 2023. The Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases
were searched for relevant information. A variety of publications, including Research Gate, Nature,
MDPI, and Springer Link, provided pertinent data. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding
of the use of AI in clinical research and drug development, as well as its potential and limitations.
We also discuss the benefits and main data limitations of the traditional trial and drug development
approach. AI approaches are currently being used to overcome research obstacles and eliminate conceptual or methodological limitations. After discussing possible obstacles and coping mechanisms,
we provide several recommendations to help individuals understand the challenges and difficulties
associated with clinical research and drug development. It is essential for pharmaceutical companies
to have a cutting-edge AI strategy if AI is to become a routine tool for clinical research and drug
development.
Identifying Novel Inhibitors for Dengue NS2B-NS3 Protease by Combining Topological similarity, Molecular Dynamics, MMGBSA and SiteMap
Analysis
Authors: Murtuja Sheikh , Siddique Mohd Usman Mohd , Srivastava Kumar Pratyush , Agarwal Yogeeta O. , Wagh Sakshi , Yasmin Sabina , Ansari Azim , Shaikh Mohd Sayeed , Hasnain Md Saquib , Goyal Sameer N.
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

DENV NS2B-NS3 protease inhibitors were designed based upon the
reference molecule, 4-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-N-(4-ethylphenyl) benzenesulfonamide, reported
by our team with the aim to optimize lead compound via rational approach. Top five best
scoring molecules with zinc ids ZINC23504872, ZINC48412318, ZINC00413269,
ZINC13998032 and ZINC75249613 bearing ‘pyrimidin-4(3H)-one’ basic scaffold have been
identified as a promising candidate against DENV protease enzyme.

Methods:

The shape and electrostatic complementary between identified HITs and reference
molecules were found to be Tanimotoshape 0.453, 0.690, 0.680, 0.685 & 0.672 respectively and
Tanimotoelectrostatic 0.211, 0.211, 0.441, 0.442, 0.442 and 0.442 respectively. The molecular
docking studies suggested that the identified HITs displayed the good interactions with active
site residues and lower binding energies. The stability of docked complexes was assessed by
MD simulations studies. The RMSD values of protein backbone (1.6779, 3.1563, 3.3634,
3.3893 & 3.0960 Å) and protein backbone RMSF values (1.0126, 1.0834, 1.0890, 0.9974 &
1.0080 Å respectively) for all top five HITs were stable and molecules did not fluctuate from
the active pocket during entire 100ns MD run.

Results:

The druggability Dscore below 1 indicate the tightly binding of ligand at the active
site. Dscore for ZINC23504872 was found to be 1.084 while for the second class of compounds
ZINC48412318, ZINC00413269, ZINC13998032 and ZINC75249613, 0.503, 0.484, 0.487
and 0.501 Dscores were observed. In-silico ADMET calculations suggested that all five
HITs were possessed the drug likeliness properties and did not violate the Lipinski’s rule
of five.

Conclusion:

Summing up, these in-silico generated data suggested that the identified molecules
bearing pyrimidin-4(3H)-one would be promising scaffold for DENV protease inhibitors.
However, experimental results are needed to prove the obtained results.
Investigation of Lead, Nickel, and Cadmium Levels in Urine Samples of Healthy and Patients with Kidney Failure in Al-muthanna Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Oudah Falah N. , Al-Hamzawi Anees A.
Published: October 2024

Background:

The Iraqi ecosystem, particularly in the southern area, has been polluted
due to human activity. Analyzing biological materials is the most common method for detecting the
presence of toxic substances in the human body.

Method:

Heavy metal levels of Pb, Ni, and Cd in urine specimens collected from individuals with
renal failure and healthy individuals residing in Al-Muthanna province were measured by using
atomic absorption spectroscopy. Urine Specimens were collected from two cohorts of male and female
participants: the group of individuals with renal failure and the group of individuals who are in
good condition. The specimens of urine from both the group of patients with renal failure and the
group of healthy individuals were taken from the Al-Muthanna governorate in southern Iraq. This
governorate served as a focal point for extensive military operations throughout the Gulf War.

Results:

The concentrations of toxic substances (Pb, Ni, and Cd) in the urine specimens of the cohort
of patients suffering from renal failure are 0.411, 0.197, and 0.113 mg/l, respectively.
Concentrations of (Pb, Ni, and Cd) in the healthy group are 0.249, 0.101, and 0.0294 mg/l, respectively.
The toxic metals found in urine samples can be organized in the following order: Pb > Ni
> Cd.

Conclusion:

The findings indicated that the concentrations of toxic substances in specimens of urine
from individuals with renal failure are considerably greater than those in the control group of healthy
individuals. According to the findings, patients' incidence of renal failure may be related to the prevalence
of harmful compounds in southern Iraq.