bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A randomised study of management modalities in epididymal cyst
Authors: Arora Bhavinder Kumar , Arora Rachit , Arora Akshit
Published: January 2019

Background: Epididymal cysts are common in teenagers and young adults. They can present as unilocular or multilocular swelling. These cysts are generally present on one side but can be bilateral. Small epididymal cyst are asymptomatic but are detected on ultrasound examination of scrotum. This study was done with aim of treating epididymal cyst with different modalities based on size of the epididymal cyst.Methods: A total of 124 patients of epididymal cyst were included in this study. Scrotal ultrasonography was done in these patients. The clinical presentations of these patients were asymptomatic detected on ultrasound, orchialgia, scrotal swelling and physical examination. Based on the size of epididymal cyst patients were divided into three groups. The treatment modalities used these were natural involution, aspiration, aspiration and sclerosing agent and surgical excision.Results: The group I consisted of cyst size less than 10mm having 73 patients. The group II consisted of patients with cyst size 11-20mm having 39 patients; and group III patients were with cyst size 21-50mm having 12 patients. Natural involution was most effective treatment modality in group I and group II. Aspiration was the second was most effective. Only a few patients required aspiration and sclerosing agent. Surgical excision was done in majority of group III patients and failed aspiration in group II.Conclusions: The results of present study show that asymptomatic and small epididymal cyst can be cured by natural regression in 77.42%. The cysts 11 to 20mm are amenable to aspiration alone, only a few need repeat aspiration and instillation of a sclerosing agent. These conservative approaches save the cost. Excision should be reserved for very large cysts and in which conservative approach fails.
Laparoscopic repairs for anterior abdominal wall hernias
Authors: G. Naveen P. , Khan Afroz
Published: January 2019

Background: Abdominal wall hernias are familiar surgical problem. Millions of patients are affected each year presenting with most commonly with ventral, incisional, and inguinal hernias. Hernia may be either symptomatic or asymptomatic and may cause pain or are aesthetically distressing. These problems coupled with the risk of obstruction and incarceration are the most common reasons, patients seeking surgical repair of hernias. Laparoscopic repair of hernia demands for significant expertise. Placement of mesh in a sublay position has found to be effective and to have a low recurrence in anterior abdominal wall hernia repairs.Methods: Prospective study involving 50 patients with anterior abdominal wall hernias undergoing laparoscopic mesh repair in a tertiary center. To determine the usefulness of laparoscopic repairs in the surgical treatment of Anterior Abdominal Wall Hernias (AAWH).Results: Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair (LVHR) using Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh Repair (IPOM) technique, and Transabdominal Preperitoneal Repair (TAPP) for inguinal hernias in author’s experience was safe, good cosmetic and resulted in short operative time, fewer complications, short hospital stays and no recurrence at 2years follow up. Thus, patients have less morbidity, good quality of life.Conclusions: Laparoscopic AAWH repair should be considered as the procedure of choice for anterior abdominal wall hernias. Effective, safe and feasible and reproducible technique with avoidance of large incisions and extensive dissections, lower incidence of wound infections, reduced analgesic requirements, early recovery, short length of hospital stay and early return to normal activities.
Extended cholecystectomy in gallbladder cancer: survival and surgical results in two time periods
Authors: M. Hector Losada , T. Andrés Troncoso , Curitol Sonia , A. Jorge Silva , Zúñiga Samuel
Published: January 2019

Background: Describe the surgical results in terms of postoperative morbidity and mortality and survival of patients undergoing an EC in two time periods. Gallbladder cancer is a rare disease in the world and highly lethal. T1b and T2 tumors require an extended cholecystectomy (EC) for staging and eventual treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation according to lymph node involvement.Methods: Case series with follow-up of patients undergoing EC between January 2006 and December 2010 (Group A) and between January 2011 and December 2016 (group B) at the Hospital Dr. Hernan Henriquez Aravena and Clinica Alemana in Temuco. Biodemographic, surgical and clinical evolution variables were recorded. Descriptive statistic was used with measures of central tendency and dispersion and analysis with Kaplan-Meier curves for survival.Results: The series consists of 31 patients, 11 in the first time period (group A) and 20 in the second (group B). Total female patients 28. Mean age 60.5±8.5 years in group A and 58.4±9.1 in group B. The mean number of days between cholecystectomy and EC was 123.1±59.1 days in group A and 119.3±48.6 in group B. In group A there was morbidity in 6 patients (54%) and 4 patients (20%) in group B. With an average follow-up of 54.8±41 months in both groups, 2 patients died.Conclusions: Author presented results of similar morbidity and mortality in both study groups and in the literature in national and international studies.
A proper application of chemotherapeutic agent at the site of anal fissure: a major concern in healing anal fissure
Authors: Mannan Ambreen , Jarwar Muhammad , Soomro Suhail Ahmed
Published: January 2019

Background: To show the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agent by special emphasis on its proper application at the site of anal fissure.Methods: All patients were seen in outpatient department and were initially started with 0.2% Glyceryl trinitrate ointment along with sitz bath and psyllium fiber as a primary treatment while 2% diltiazem cream reserved for refractory cases. The follow up visits were made weekly for perianal pain relief and ulcer healing rate.Results: Results in terms of healing of anal fissure and perianal pain relief in 2 or 4 weeks duration were recorded in SPSS version 17. 0.2% GTN ointment showed 75% results in 2 weeks. While complete response was achieved in 95% cases in 4weeks. 2% diltiazem responded in 98% cases in 2 weeks. Non-compliant (2%) abandoned the medical treatment early in the course and proceeded for surgery where 99.99% results were seen in 2weeks only.Conclusions: Conservative treatment is the gold standard for managing anal fissure. Effective counseling of proper application of ointment at the site of anal fissure is emphasized, which is usually failed by the patient due to intense, excruciating peri anal pain and spasmodic sphincter contraction which led them to proceed to surgery.
Evaluation of the role of oral gastrografin in management of simple adhesive small bowel obstruction in children
Authors: Eltayeb Almoutaz A. , Abufaddan Nagla H.
Published: January 2019

Background: The risk of post-operative adhesive small intestinal obstruction is highest during the first post-operative year. Bowel injury during adhesiolysis increases the post-operative morbidity. Consequently, the conservative management of small bowel obstruction has considerable interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic role of gastrografin in the management of small bowel obstruction.Methods: All patients with simple adhesive small bowel obstruction will be included and treated conservatively for 48hours unless there was evidence of strangulation. After the first 48hours all the patients were given oral gastrografin unless improved or signs of strangulation arise.  The evaluating parameters are the success rate, time to start full oral feeding and total duration of hospital stay.Results: Twenty-five cases were included in which two of them developed clinical evidence of strangulation during the first 48hours and were explored. Three cases improved on the conservative treatment. The remaining twenty cases were given oral gastrografin. Fourteen cases out of twenty showed the contrast dye in their large bowel by 24hours. Those 14 cases tolerated full oral feeding earlier and had shorter hospital stay than the remaining 6 cases that declared treatment failure and underwent surgical exploration.Conclusions: The use of gastrografin as a preliminary step of non-surgical treatment of simple adhesive intestinal obstruction may be helpful. However, further randomized study on a large number of patients was needed.
Relevance of peripheral eosinophilia in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Vutukuru Venkatarami Reddy , V. Raghavendra Rao R. , Mathai Varughese , Settipalli Sarala
Published: January 2019

Background: Eosinophilia in peripheral blood has been observed in few patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) but the clinical significance and the causes are not well understood. The aim was to analyse the features of CP in patients with and without eosinophilia and compare both groups and assess its significance.Methods: All patients diagnosed to have CP during period June 2009 to July 2012 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups based on eosinophil count in peripheral blood. Those with eosinophil count >0.6x109/L (6%) were considered as having eosinophilia. Author had analyzed and compared the clinical features of CP in patients with and without eosinophilia.Results: There were 28 (24.56%) patients with eosinophilia among 114 CP patients. Mean age at presentation was similar in two groups. The male to female ratio was significantly higher in patients with eosinophilia (p=0.03). Patients with eosinophilia had higher incidence of pancreas enlargement (78.57% vs. 37.2%, p=0.007). Mean intraductal pressures (20.42 vs. 22.52; p=0.05) and average pancreatic ductal diameter (7.85 vs. 8.90; p=0.03) were lower in patients with eosinophilia. The incidence of complications was significantly more in patients with eosinophilia (85.71% vs. 20.93%; p=<0.001).  There was no infiltration of eosinophils in all the pancreatic tissue samples analysed in both groups.Conclusions: Association of eosinophilia with CP is a relatively common entity. It is associated with significantly increased incidence of disease related inflammatory complications, but the exact mechanism is not clear. Whether eosinophilia is a cause or effect of complication is not clear.
Comparative study of polyester vs polypropylene mesh in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Sutaria Akshay D. , Bhedi Amul N. , Sindhal Minesh L. , Sarkar Arnab A.
Published: January 2019

Background: Despite of convincing advantages offered by meshes, their use in hernia surgery remains controversial due to their long-term effects. A lighter and softer mesh may decrease chronic pain and recurrence by creating less fibrosis in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.Methods: This study was conducted with an aim to evaluate the incidence of chronic groin pain and recurrence in polyester mesh and polypropylene mesh groups of patients in laparoscopic total extraperitoneal hernioplasty. 40 patients with simple uncomplicated inguinal hernia subjected to TEP hernioplasty using either Polyester mesh or Polypropylene mesh after being randomized into two groups over a period of one year at Department of General Surgery at SSG Hospital, Baroda. Operative data were recorded, and the patients were followed-up accordingly. Independent assessors were assigned to obtain incidence of chronic groin pain and recurrence and other secondary outcomes.Results: Chronic pain, post-operative pain scores, duration of hospital stay, early return to daily activity, and feeling of lump were significantly lower with polyester mesh as compared to Polypropylene mesh. However, there was no significant difference in both the groups with respect to recurrence and post-operative complications.Conclusions: A polyester mesh has better long-term outcomes for chronic pain, post-operative pain scores, duration of hospital stay, early return to daily activity, and feeling of lump compared with a polypropylene mesh in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.
To study the factors responsible for causing complications of arteriovenous fistula surgery: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Singh Gurpremjit , Pol Manjunath Maruti , Sumandatta Adhuri Raja
Published: January 2019

Background: To study the pre-operative and intra-operative factors responsible for complications of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) surgery.Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained database of AVF’s created from January 2016 to October 2018 was carried out to look for the post-operative complications. Chi- square test or fisher’s exact test was applied to assess any association between pre-operative and intra-operative factors versus various complications.Results: During the 2-year study period, 549 AVF were created including revision AVF surgeries. There were 306/435 (70.3%) men and the mean age of study population was 41.14 years. The number patients with hypertension, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease and congestive cardiac failure was 381/435(87.6%), 86/435 (19.8%), 36/435 (8.3%) and 8/435 (1.8%) respectively. 280/435 (64.3%) patients had undergone radiocephalic AVF. The primary failure rate was 19.3%. The other postoperative complications were postoperative bleed in 3.9%, thrombosis in 13.8%, pseudo aneurysm in 2.8%, dilated collateral veins in 1.1%, surgical site edema in 4.8% and surgical site infection in 6%. Pseudo aneurysm occurred in 7 women and 5 men; further, it was found to be statistically significant (P=0.048).Conclusions: In present study population, the rate of postoperative complication following an AVF surgery was 32.4% and the females were significantly associated with pseudo aneurysms when compared to men.
An outcome of the management of vesico-vaginal fistula: experience at KIMS, Hubli, Karnataka, India
Authors: Jadav Rajivkumar R. , B. Manjuprasad G.
Published: January 2019

Background: Vesicovaginal Fistula (VVF), an abnormal communication between the urinary bladder and vagina, is one of the most distressing and embarrassing health problems for the females. The present retrospective study was done to analyse the demographic and aetiologic pattern of vesicovaginal fistula and to ascertain the outcomes of its surgical management following different techniques of repair in a tertiary care centre.Methods: Retrospective analysis of case records of 24 cases treated between January 2015 to July 2017 at Department of Urology KIMS, Hubli was done. Duration of symptoms, mechanism of injury, radiological and biochemical reports, cystoscopic recordings of patients and operative records were analysed. Results: Mean age was 40.8 years (range 20-70 years). Fistula size varied from 0.5-5cm. location of the fistula was supratrigonal in 20 cases (84%) and trigonal in 4 cases (16%). Fitula was simple in 16 cases (68%) and complex in 8cases (32%). 21 cases were treated by open surgical method and laparoscopic technique in 3 cases. VVF repair was done by abdominal approach in 17 (67%) cases and by vaginal approach in 4 (33%) cases. Cases were followed for 2 -25 months. success rate of 100% (3 cases) who were operated laparoscopically and 17/21 (80.95%) in patients treated by open surgical method was noted. Failures in present study could be attributable to extensive fibrosis especially in prior failed repairs and in those with prolonged duration of symptoms.Conclusions: In the present study complex fistulas had higher failure rate. The principles of fistula repair, experience of surgeon and case selection remain important determinants of outcome.
A prospective comparative study of efficacy of pulse jet irrigation and conventional irrigation techniques in prevention of surgical site infections in laparotomy wounds
Authors: V. Sharath Kumar , N. Naveen , S. Purushotham T.
Published: January 2019

Background: Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) are infections of tissues, organs or spaces exposed by surgeons during performance of an invasive procedure and continue to be a major source of morbidity following operative procedures. Wound irrigation is the steady flow of a solution across an open wound surface meant to remove cellular debris and surface pathogens contained in wound exudates or residue from topically applied wound care products.Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of Pressurized Pulse Irrigation (PPI) and Standard Irrigation Technique (SIT) in laparotomy wounds. Duration of the study was for a period of 12 months and included 100 consecutive patients undergoing laparotomy.Results: 13% of patients who underwent laparotomy had SSI out of which 9 patients had superficial infection only. 8% of 50 patients who had PPI developed SSI, whereas 18% of those who underwent SIT had SSI. Though PPI had less incidence of SSI, statistically it was insignificant.Conclusions: The study showed a decrease in the incidence of postoperative SSI in both elective and emergency laparotomy wounds irrigated with PPI compared to SIT, though the study was statistically insignificant since the p value was less than 0.005 with a odds ratio of 2.52. The study results suggested that there was decrease in the incidence of SSI in PPI patients and also that it decreases the postoperative stay, morbidity and cost.
Large primary scrotal lipoma with particular presentation
Authors: Berevoescu Nicolae-Iustin , Stanilescu Sorin , Halcu George , Berevoescu Mihaela , Cristian Daniel
Published: January 2019

Scrotal lipomas are benign tumours rarely seen in clinical practice. They can mimic common affections such as an an inguinoscrotal hernia, varicocele, hydrocele or a testicular tumour. Thus, in many cases, physical examination leads to a correct diagnosis, there are situations that require comprehensive imagistic examinations, to establish the preoperatory nature of the scrotal tumour. A case of 64-year-old male, known with arterial hypertension and gonarthrosis, came to the hospital for a painless scrotal tumour with a fast growth rate in dimensions over the last year. Physical examination detected an elastic, painless, irreducible, irregularly shaped mass of a right scrotal region. The scrotal ultrasound revealed a heterogeneous hyperechoic solid mass with 10x8.1x8cm in dimensions, localized in the right scrotal region. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a globular shaped right scrotal tumour mass with well-defined margins, poorly vascularized at the lower pole. Surgery was performed, with excision of a mass about 10cm in major diameter from the right scrotal wall. Postoperative evolution was good, and the histological diagnosis of primary scrotal lipoma was made. One-year follow-up revealed no local relapse.
Sever inadvertent globe perforation during supplemental peribulbar anesthesia injection
Authors: Alswaina Nayef F.
Published: January 2019

A globe perforation is a well-known serious complication during peribulbar anesthesia. A second supplement injection may further increase the risk of this complication. Retrobulbar hemorrhage and brainstem injection are other serious complications have been reported following peribulbar injections. Although there is an increasing popularity for needle-free procedures of local anesthesia such as sub-tenon's injection and topical anesthesia, peribulbar anesthesia remains one of the favorite techniques for providing anesthesia in ophthalmic procedures. The risk for inadvertent globe perforation is increased if the patient has long axial length or posterior staphyloma. However, careful attention should be done to all patients and not only those with risk factors for globe perforation. Here we report a 69-year-old male patient referred to vitreoretinal surgeon with a vitreous hemorrhage due to a sever globe perforation during peribulbar anesthesia, in which early diagnosis and management helped in achieving a good final visual outcome. Also, in this case we discussed the safety of peribulbar anesthesia supplements, and how to avoid such complication. Using of balloon compression for adequate time to spread the local anesthesia around the globe and giving the injection with a shorter needle syringe may reduce the risk for inadvertent globe perforation following a supplemental peribulbar anesthesia injection.
Ileal volvulus due to ascaris lumbricoides: a diagnosis revisited
Authors: Mishra Ipseet , Haldar Sudip , Paul Souvik
Published: January 2019

Ascariasis infestation is a common helminthic disease in developing countries with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, one of which can be acute abdomen. Small bowel volvulus is a serious life-threatening emergency. The aetiology may be primary as is often seen in Africa and Asia, while in Western countries other predisposing conditions usually initiate the volvulus. Ascariasis is highly prevalent in India and so, a myriad of different presentations is quite obvious. Here the authors have reported a case of a 6year old boy presenting with features of acute intestinal obstruction-central abdominal pain, repeated vomiting and abdominal distension. After evaluation with abdominal radiography and ultrasonography, exploratory laparotomy was planned. A secondary ileal volvulus compact with worms of ascaris lumbricoides was found. Resection of non-viable ileum was done after evacuation of worms by enterotomy followed by primary anastomosis. Prompt clinical diagnosis, a high index of suspicion for complications and early surgical intervention are critical in minimizing morbidity in cases of Intestinal Ascariasis.
Giant gall stone: a rare finding performed with open cholecystectomy
Authors: Sharma Vikrant , Kaundal Vishal , Sharma Ankur , Singh Gopal , Shah Payal , Kapoor Anupma
Published: January 2019

Very few cases of a giant gall stone (>50mm) are reported worldwide. Author reported a case of a gall stone measuring 80x44x41mm in a 64 years old female who underwent open cholecystectomy at our institution. Gall stones measuring more than 30mm are associated with a higher risk of developing gall bladder carcinoma and any patient who is harbouring a large calculus requires cholecystectomy. Large gall stones when detected on abdominal sonography throw a reasonable surgical challenge as on usual basis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is an ideal approach for intervention in cholelithiasis. Giant gall stones are also associated with a wide spectrum of diseases including Bouveret syndrome, colonic ileus etc. Once a surgery is planned for a giant gall stone, open procedure is better than laparoscopic cholecystectomy as the latter is difficult to perform owing to the large size of calculus and associated adhesions in the region of Calot’s triangle. It further saves the patient from unnecessary conversion to open procedure that may occur subsequently in due course of surgery that involves a giant calculus.
A rare case of ventriculoperitoneal shunt knot causing intestinal obstruction in an adult
Authors: Bhasin Mayank , Bedi Karamjot Singh , Chaudhary Tarun , Sachdeva Gurvansh S. , Sahu Shantanu Kumar
Published: January 2019

Despite high incidence of complications, Ventriculoperitoneal shunting for hydrocephalus is the cornerstone and the most common neurosurgical procedure. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt knot causing intestinal obstruction is an extremely rare complication needing surgical intervention. A 19 years old male with history of VP shunting in infancy for hydrocephalus with no history of any revision surgery presented in emergency with pain abdomen and multiple episodes of vomiting for 2 days. X ray showed dilated bowel loops with a coiled up VP shunt in the abdomen. Exploratory laparotomy showed multiple dilated bowel loops with a loop of VP shunt around ileal segment with dense fibrotic adhesions causing obstruction. Extensive adhesiolysis was done. Procedure underwent uneventful. Patient recovered swiftly in postoperative period and is currently asymptomatic after 6 months of surgery. Improved surgery skills and shunt design have prevented much of the morbidity of VP shunting. Most of the cases reported earlier were paediatric patients with history of repetitive handling of catheter. We believe this to be the first case of intestinal obstruction by a VPS knot in an adult with no history of manipulation after primary surgery. Due to low incidence it is difficult to clinically suspect such an extremely rare complication. Therefore, an awareness of VP shunt related complications in adult is essential.
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE SEARCH FIELDS OF METHANE HYDRATES IN THE AREAS OF PERMAFROST DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Duchkov A. D. , Sokolova L. S. , Zheleznyk M. N. , Ayunov D. E.
Published: January 2019

The search for methane hydrate accumulations has been conducted in the Northern regions of Siberia for more than 50 years. During this time, it failed reliably (with the rise of hydrate-containing core) taken from the borehole to discover any deposits of methane hydrates even in the rocks of the Western Siberian basin, which has been well studied by drilling. On the example of the discovery of two methane hydrates deposits in Canada and China, it is shown that to solve the problem it is necessary to conduct specially organized and technically secured drilling operations on the pre-selected promising areas. For the first time, the parameters of the methane hydrates stability zone in the sedimentary cover of the Vilyuysk syneclise were estimated.
LABORATORY STUDY OF SAND SAMPLES CONTAINING METHANE HYDRATE OF NON-CEMENTING TYPE
Authors: Dugarov G. A. , Duchkov A. A. , Duchkov A. D. , Manakov A. Yu. , Kuper K. E. , Fokin M. I. , Drobchik A. N.
Published: January 2019

The approach to the formation of sand samples containing methane hydrate of a non-cementing type is studied. The approach is to inject methane-rich water in the sample after formation of methane hydrate by the "excess gas" method. Laboratory research is carried out on a specialized setup that allows to form hydrate -bearing samples and to study their acoustic properties during the experiments. The results are compared with the data of previous experiments on sand samples containing tetrahydrofuran (THF) and methane hydrate formed by the "excess gas" method. It is shown that the studied approach allow to form samples containing methane hydrate of a non-cementing type.
Influence of Somesthesic Input on Subjective Visual Vertical in Dyslexic Children
Authors: Goulème Nathalie , Villeneuve Philippe , Gérard Christophe-Loïc , Peyre Hugo , Bucci Maria Pia
Published: January 2019

Purpose: We explored the perception of subjective visual vertical (SVV) in dyslexic and non-dyslexic age, sex and QImatched.Method: The SVV was evaluated with a laser and with or without foam under the feet. We performed an analysis ofvariance. Post hoc comparisons were made with the Fisher’s least significant differences test (LSD).Results: Our results showed two significant effects for groups and for tilt condition: counterclockwise or clockwisedirection and a significant interaction between group, tilt and somesthesic condition: without and with foam underthe feet. More precisely, SVV response in the tilt counterclockwise condition with foam was found to be significantlyless accurate for the dyslexic group than for the non-dyslexic group. Also, SVV response in the tilt counterclockwisedirection was found to be significantly less accurate for both groups compared to clockwise direction. Moreover, inclockwise direction SVV process was found to be significantly less accurate in dyslexic than in non-dyslexic group.Conclusion: These results suggest that the somesthesic information from foot sole affect SVV perception; such poorSVV responses could be due to an immaturity for heteromodal sensory integration needed in SVV perception.
Agglomeration economies and urban productivity
Authors: Torres Gutierrez Tania Paola , Ordóñez Jessica Andrea
Published: January 2019

This study explores the relationship between agglomeration economies and industrial productivity between 1980 and 2010 in Ecuador. The measure of productivity used is labour productivity. We conclude that urbanization economies have a positive impact on productivity in the period analyzed.
Convexity and marginal contributions in bankruptcy games
Authors: Plata-Pérez Leobardo , Sánchez-Pérez Joss
Published: January 2019

En este trabajo analizamos dos definiciones naturales de convexidad para los juegos de bancarrota, una de ellas fue introducida por Aumann y Maschler (1985). En particular, mostramos que la convexidad, entendida como contribuciones marginales crecientes, no se satisface en el juego presentado por estos autores. Además proponemos un juego alternativo para capturar situaciones de bancarrota y caracterizamos el antinúcleo de este juego; usando la teoría de la dualidad para juegos cooperativos probamos que el núcleo, el antinúcleo y el valor de Shapley coinciden con el del juego estudiado por Aumann and Maschler (1985).
A system based on the concept of linguistic majority for the companies valuation
Authors: Doña Jesús M. , Gil Antonio M. , La Red David L. , Peláez José I.
Published: January 2019

Hoy en día es común el uso de información cualitativa expresada por expertos para resolver los problemas de evaluación económico-financiera en entornos de incertidumbre. Dos son las dificultades que se presentan en este tipo de problemas, la primera de ellas se centra en la información dada por el experto, que puede representarse en diferentes dominios de expresión y la segunda es relativa a la solución final obtenida, que deberá ser representativa de la mayoría de los expertos que participaron en el proceso. Para resolver el primer problema se ha propuesto la representación de información por medio del modelo difuso de 2-tuplas lingüísticas, que permite tratar de una forma homogénea la información expresada por los expertos en diferentes dominios. Para resolver el segundo problema, en este trabajo se propone hacer uso del concepto de mayoría a través de los operadores OWA.
Heurística biobjetivo de dos etapas para rediseño de territorios de venta
Authors: Correa Medina Juan Gabriel , Ruvalcaba Sánchez Ma. Loecelia Guadalupe , Olivares Benítez Elías , Zanella Palacios Vittorio
Published: January 2019

El rediseño apropiado de territorios de ventas es un elemento clave para incrementar las ventas y minimizar los costos asociados. Por lo tanto, su práctica se vuelve frecuente al ser motivada por fusiones y cambios en un mercado en constante movimiento. En este trabajo se presenta y describe una heurística biobjetivo de dos etapas para el rediseño de territorios de venta inspirada por un problema real de una empresa que vende productos en México. La heurística busca reducir al mínimo la distancia total recorrida y la variación del volumen de ventas de cada vendedor con respecto a la situación actual. Se resuelve un conjunto de instancias reales. Se construye un superfrente a partir de un conjunto de ejecuciones de la heurística por instancia. Además se presentan los resultados obtenidos a partir de las métricas de comparación por instancia y algunas conclusiones.
ALM practices, multiple uncertainties and monopolistic behavior: a microeconomic study of banking decisions
Authors: Ruiz-Porras Antonio
Published: January 2019

Estudiamos las decisiones tomadas por un banco monopólico para alcanzar objetivos de administración de riesgos y de rentabilidad. El banco enfrenta riesgos de liquidez y solvencia porque los préstamos pueden no ser pagados y porque pueden ocurrir inesperados retiros de depósitos. El modelo bancario de administración de activos y pasivos (ALM) muestra que las soluciones de compromiso son necesarias para manejar los dilemas entre la administración de la liquidez y la rentabilidad. También muestra que las prácticas de administración de activos pueden incrementar las ganancias. Más aún, muestra que las prácticas de administración de pasivos y el poder de mercado sustentan la rentabilidad. Finalmente, el modelo confirma que los bancos deben asumir inversiones riesgosas de largo plazo cuando los depositantes confían en la viabilidad del proceso de transformación de activos.
Editorial
Authors: Gusmão Joana Buarque de
Published: January 2019

Com satisfação publicamos mais um número dos Cadernos Cenpec, periódico que busca propiciar a articulação entre a ação e a pesquisa educacionais. A edição não traz um especial temático, como ocorre comumente. Privilegiaram-se, desta vez, textos de temas diversos que trazem resultados de estudos empíricos.
A educação matemática inclusiva em livros do 1º ano do ensino fundamental no Pnaic
Authors: Monteiro Freire Oliveira Katiane , Souza de Alencar Edvonete
Published: January 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo mapear os livros de literatura infantil no ensino da matemática inclusiva do 1º ano do ensino fundamental do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa (Pnaic) de 2013-2015. Realizamos a leitura na íntegra de todos os livros e fizemos fichamentos buscando trazer uma reflexão sobre a prática da literatura infantil como recurso metodológico. Ao realizarmos as leituras das obras, identificamos três categorias: livros com rimas; livros que apresentam linguagem não verbal e livros sobre o meio ambiente. Percebemos a importância da literatura infantil para o ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos e como pode ser utilizada como recurso metodológico.

Palavras-chaves

Literatura infantil. Ensino. Matemática e inclusão.

 

Inclusive Mathematics Education in Books of the First Year of Primary Education in the PNAIC

Abstract

This work aims to map the books of children’s literature for the teaching of inclusive mathematics in the first year of primary education that are listed in the National Pact for Literacy at the Right Age (PNAIC) from 2013- 2015. We read all the books listed and took systematic notes on each of them in order to propose a reflection on children’s literature as a methodological resource. By reading the works, we identify three categories: books with rhymes; books which present non-verbal language; and books on the environment. We realized the importance of children’s literature for teachinglearning and how it can be used as a methodological resource.

Keywords

Children’s literature. Teaching. Mathematics and inclusion.

 

La educación matemática inclusiva en libros del 1.er año de la enseñanza básica en el Pnaic

Resumen

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mapear los libros de literatura infantil en la enseñanza de las matemáticas inclusivas del 1.er año de la enseñanza básica del Pacto Nacional por la Alfabetización a la Edad Adecuada (Pnaic) de 2013-2015. Realizamos una lectura completa de todos los libros e hicimos fichas bibliográficas con el fin de suscitar una reflexión sobre la práctica de la literatura infantil como recurso metodológico. Al leer las obras, identificamos tres categorías: libros con rimas, libros que presentan un lenguaje no verbal y libros sobre el medioambiente. Percibimos la importancia de la literatura infantil para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de los alumnos y cómo puede utilizarse como recurso metodológico.

Palabras clave

Literatura infantil. Enseñanza. Matemáticas e inclusión.
PROSPECTING THE FIRST CULTURE COLLECTION OF ALGAE OF THE PERNAMBUCO SEMIARID, BRAZIL
Authors: Oliveira Carlos Yure Barbosa de , Almeida Ayanne Jamyres Gomes da Silva , Silva Mar�lia De Viveiros e , Santos Ivanilson de Lima , Dantas Danielli Matias De Macedo
Published: January 2019

The growing concern about the shortage of fossil fuels drives the search for new sources of sustainable energy. Microalgae are considered promising in this area, since they are sources of third generation biofuels and protein. The present study aimed at describing and isolating species from the native phytoplankton communities of four reservoirs in the Pernambuco semiarid, making them available for experiments that can evaluate the biotechnological potential and meet the demands of the region. The collections occurred in water bodies located in the Pernambuco semiarid and the identification of the taxa occurred based on morphological characters using specific literature. A total of twenty-one taxa were identified, eight of them Cyanophyceae (Anabaena sp., Aphanocapsa elachista, Chroococcus dispersus, Dolichospermum sp., Merismopedia sp., Microcystis aeruginosa, Pseudanabaena limnetica, Synechococcus sp.), ten Chlorophyceae (Chlorella sp., Cosmarium bioculatum, Desmodesmus spp., Dictyosphaerium sp., Pediastrum duplex, Pediastrum simplex, Pseudokirchineriella subcapitata, Scenedesmus sp., Staurastrum leptocladum, Trochiscia sp) and only one of the following classes Bacillariophyceae (Aulacoseira granulata), Euglenophyceae (Trachelomonas volvocida) and Dinophyceae (Ceratium furcoides). The bioprospection of microalgae in the semiarid region of Pernambuco has made possible the formation of a bank of strains, important for fictional studies and obtaining biomass of species with biotechnological potential.
CADEIA PRODUTIVA DO TAMBAQUI NO ESTADO DO AMAZONAS
Authors: ALMEIDA Ely Sena de , BARAI Alexandre Augusto , CRAVEIRO Joaquim Maciel da Costa , OLIVEIRA Alzira Miranda de
Published: January 2019

Ao considerar a expans�o da piscicultura do tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) nas regi�es Norte, Nordeste, Centro-oeste e Sudeste do Brasil, a busca pela efici�ncia dos seus procedimentos se faz necess�rio no atual cen�rio competitivo. O mapeamento e envolvimento dos atores desta atividade mostram-se imprescind�vel para a reorganiza��o e a concep��o de um processo produtivo dentro do contexto de cadeia produtiva. Neste sentido, este artigo, ao levantar o estado da arte atual sobre os principais entraves da piscicultura desenvolvida no estado do Amazonas, aponta a necessidade da cria��o de um modelo log�stico de transporte intermodal, aproveitando, assim as caracter�sticas naturais da regi�o em estudo. O artigo inicia contextualizando a atividade de pesca do Amazonas, seguido da descri��o da cadeia produtiva do peixe assim como a caracteriza��o da piscicultura do tambaqui no estado e, terminar com a reflex�o em se pensar na log�stica de distribui��o desta cadeia valendo-se de uma plataforma log�stica intermodal.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Aquicultura; Colossoma macropomum; Plataformas Log�sticas; Produ��o de pescado.
Sobre nuestra revista: un número extraordinario en materia de Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social
Authors: Blázquez Agudo Eva María
Published: January 2019

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El giro constitucional de la protección a las mujeres gestantes en Colombia. Entre la inserción laboral y la protección de los derechos = The constitutional change of protection for pregnant women in Colombia. Between the labor insertion and the protection of rights
Authors: Carreño Contreras Yenny Zuleima
Published: January 2019

Resumen. En la reciente sentencia SU 075 de 2018, la Corte Constitucional Colombi­ana elimina la aplicación de la medida afirmativa de estabilidad laboral reforzada, que había sido contemplada para las mujeres gestantes, cuando no comunicaran su estado de embarazo. La nueva línea jurisprudencial establece que por el desconocimiento del empleador del es­tado de gestación de una trabajadora, no se configura discriminación al momento de terminar su contrato laboral, por lo cual puede ser despedida sin ningún tipo de protección. La Corte fundamenta el cambio, estableciendo que el amparo hasta ahora otorgado desnaturaliza los principios de las acciones afirmativas, generando un efecto contrario y desfavoreciendo a las mujeres en el acceso al empleo formal, pues ha creado una sobrecarga económica para el em­pleador. Por este motivo, en el presente artículo se analiza si la línea jurisprudencial se ajusta a Derecho y si el cambio establecido generará una reducción de las brechas de género en el empleo, permitiendo un mayor acceso al mercado de trabajo para las mujeres.Palabras clave: Acciones afirmativas, estabilidad laboral reforzada, embarazo, discrimi­nación, acceso al empleo.Abstract. In the recent judgment SU 075 of 2018, the Colombian Constitutional Court eliminated he application of the affirmative measure of reinforced labor stability, which had been contemplated for pregnant women, when they did not report their pregnancy status. The new jurisprudential line establishes that due to the ignorance of the employer of the preg­nancy status of a worker, discrimination is not established at the moment of terminating her employment contract, for which she can be dismissed without any type of protection. The Court bases the change, stating that the amparo granted until now denatures the principles of affirmative action, generating an opposite effect and disadvantaging women in accessing for­mal employment, since it has created an economic overload for the employer. For this reason, this article analyzes whether the jurisprudential line is in line with the law and whether the established change will generate a reduction of gender gaps in employment, allowing greater access to the labor market for women. Keywords: Affirmative actions, reinforced job stability, pregnancy, discrimination, ac­cess to employment.
Injektabel Komposit Hydroksiapatit-Gelatin sebagai Sistem Penghantaran Alendronat
Authors: Budiatin Aniek Setiya , Khotib Junaidi , Hasmono Didik , - Samirah
Published: January 2019

Background: Bisphosphonates, such as alendronate (ALE), have been known to be effective in the treatment of bone cancer and osteoporosis. However, it has been reported that the systemic administration of ALE causes a considerable side effect. Thus, the formulation injectable bone substitute (IBS) for local administration of ALE, which functions as drug delivery system (DDS) as well as filling agent in osteoporosis-induced bone fracture, is needed. Objective: To establish the biodegradable and biocompatible formulation for ALE in injectable form which supports the drug delivery system and acts as filling agent in bone fracture. Methods: Hydroxyapatite (HA) was added to the mixture of gelatin and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (GEL-HPMC). ALE was added to the mixture and semisolid form was prepared for granulation. The dried granule, as injectable matrix, was grinded and mixed with appropriate amount of Na2HPO4. Results: Porosity of injectable form was higher than those of granule form. Injectable semisolid form was produced by adding 0.8 mL Na2HPO4 on each gram of granule with 10-12 min setting time. MTT assay showed that matrix was biocompatible showed by more than 100% viability. In vitro dissolution study showed that ALE was slowly released in more than 20 days. Conclusions: The formula of IBS using HA-GEL-HPMC may act as an effective drug delivery system for local administration of ALE in bone fracture.
Gambaran Histopatologi Organ Hati dan Ginjal Mencit Balb/c setelah Pemberian Krim Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis L.)
Authors: Sugihartini Nining , Fajri M Alif
Published: January 2019

Background:Development of green tea extract formulation with the addition of enhancers to increase the ability of epigallocatechin gallate to penetrate the skin layers has been done. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of green tea extract cream that containing enhancers on the profile of kidney and liver histopathology. Methods: The study used 4 groups which each group was treated with different concentrations of extract (2,0%; 2,5%; 3,0%; 3,5%) and 1 control group. After 24 hours and 14 days of application of the cream, the mice were sacrificed. The liver and kidneys were weighed and made preparations histopathology. Results: The results of the study showed that there similar (p>0,05) of the weight ratio of the liver and kidneys of Balb/c mice after 24 hours and 14 days. As well the histopathological test indicated that there similar (p>0,05) of the liver and kidneys after 24 hours and 14 days of administration of green tea extract cream. Conclusions: The levels concentration of green tea extract in cream (2,0%; 2,5%; 3,0%; 3,5%) that contain enhancers do not affect the liver and kidney histopathological of Balb/c mice.
Evaluasi Kandungan Glukosa Dan Indeks Glikemik Beberapa Sumber Karbohidrat Dalam Upaya Penggalian Pangan Ber-Indeks Glikemik Rendah
Authors: Diyah Nuzul Wahyuning , Ambarwati Aprilia , Warsito Gita M. , Niken Greta , Heriwiyanti Eriza T. , Windysari Rany , Prismawan Deka , Hartasari Robi’atul F. , Purwanto Purwanto
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diet makanan ber-Indeks Glikemik (IG) rendah mampu menurunkan resistensi insulin pada penderita Diabetes Mellitus. Masalah utama dalam diet pangan IG rendah adalah ketersediaan bahan pangan dengan IG rendah sementara makanan pokok sebagian besar penduduk Indonesia adalah nasi, yang tergolong pangan dengan IG tinggi.Tujuan: menentukan kandungan glukosa dan indeks glikemik beberapa bahan pangan sumber karbohidrat dari kelompok biji-bijian (beras merah, jagung, sorgum), umbi-umbian (singkong, bentul), buah-buahan (pisang kapok, pisang ambon, sukun), serta kacang-kacangan (kacang hijau, kacang merah), untuk memperoleh bahan pangan sumber karbohidrat ber-IG rendah sebagai pangan alternatif pengganti nasi dalam diet penderita Diabetes Mellitus. Metode: Kadar glukosa ditentukan dengan metode Luff-Schoorl dan penentuan indeks glikemik dilakukan menggunakan hewan coba kelinci terhadap pangan standar, glukosa 0.47 g/Kg berat badan. Sampel pangan uji diberikan dalam jumlah yang setara dengan kandungan glukosa dalam setiap pangan uji. Hasil: Kandungan glukosa yang ditetapkan sebagai gula pereduksi total dalam pangan uji bervariasi, bergantung pada karakter pati dalam pangan sumber karbohidrat. Semua pangan uji memiliki indeks glikemik yang lebih rendah dibanding nasi putih, tetapi singkong kukus dan bentul kukus masih tergolong pangan IG tinggi. Kesimpulan: Kecuali singkong dan bentul, semua pangan yang diuji adalah pangan sumber karbohidrat yang direkomendasikan untuk penderita diabetes.
Pengaruh Lioprotektant Terhadap Karakteristik Nanopartikel Artesunat-Kitosan Yang Dibuat Dengan Gelasi Ionik-Pengeringan Beku
Authors: Paramanandana Abhimata , Sari Retno , Pawahid Pawahid , Novarinandha Eryka A. , Soeratri Widji
Published: January 2019

Latar belakang: Nanopartikel merupakan partikel dengan rentang ukuran diameter antara 1 - 1000 nm. Nanopartikel Artesunat-Khitosan diformulasikan menjadi nanopartikel menggunakan metode gelasi ionik-pengering beku ditujukan untuk melindungi bahan obat dari peruraian selama proses pembuatan. Untuk memperoleh produk dari pengeringan beku yang baik, optimasi lioprotektan sangat diperlukan. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari karakteristik fisik nanopartikel Artesunat-Khitosan yang diformulasikan dengan tiga lioprotektan yang berbeda: sukrosa, trihalosa dan maltodekstrin menggunakan metode pengeringan beku. Metode: Pembuatan nanopartikel dilakukan menggunakan gelasi ionik dengan tripolifosfat sebagai crosslinker. Evaluasi nanopartikel kering meliputi: morfologi, sifat fisik, spektrum inframerah dan redispersabilitas. Hasil: Data deferential thermal analysis (DTA) menunjukkan, penambahan lioprotektan menjebak artesunat dalam sistem nanopartikel chitosan, dimana formula tanpa penambahan lioprotektan tidak ditemukan artesunat di dalam matriks chitosan. Pemeriksaan morfologi menggunakan scanning electron microscopy (SEM) menunjukkan nanopartikel dengan 2,5% maltodextrin memiliki permukaan yang halus dan bentuk yang speris. Selain itu, maltodextrin menunjukkan efek perlindungan selama pengeringan beku, laju pengendapan yang lebih lambat dan kemampuan untuk redipersi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sukrosa dan trehalosa. Lioprotektan dengan konsentrasi tinggi menunjukkan redispersibilitas nanopartikel artesunat-chitosan yang lebih baik. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan penambahan lyoprotectant mempengaruhi karakterisitik nanopartikel artesunat-chitosan.