bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Nosema spp. and the effect of indoor and outdoor wintering on honey bee colony population and survival in the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Punko Rosanna N. , Currie Robert W. , Nasr Medhat E. , Hoover Shelley E.
Published: October 2021

The epidemiology of Nosema spp. in honey bees, Apis mellifera, may be affected by winter conditions as cold temperatures and differing wintering methods (indoor and outdoor) provide varying levels of temperature stress and defecation flight opportunities. Across the Canadian Prairies, including Alberta, the length and severity of winter vary among geographic locations. This study investigates the seasonal pattern of Nosema abundance in two Alberta locations using indoor and outdoor wintering methods and its impact on bee population, survival, and commercial viability. This study found that N. ceranae had a distinct seasonal pattern in Alberta, with high spore abundance in spring, declining to low levels in the summer and fall. The results showed that fall Nosema monitoring might not be the best indicator of treatment needs or future colony health outcomes. There was no clear pattern for differences in N. ceranae abundance by location or wintering method. However, wintering method affected survival with colonies wintered indoors having lower mortality and more rapid spring population build-up than outdoor-wintered colonies. The results suggest that the existing Nosema threshold should be reinvestigated with wintering method in mind to provide more favorable outcomes for beekeepers. Average Nosema abundance in the spring was a significant predictor of end-of-study winter colony mortality, highlighting the importance of spring Nosema monitoring and treatments.
Socio-economic and demographic patterns of mental health complaints among the employed adults in Estonia
Authors: Reile Rainer , Sisask Merike
Published: October 2021

Background

Mental health problems follow a distinct socio-economic gradient and contribute to the health inequalities. The study aims to analyse the socio-economic and demographic factors of self-reported mental health complaints (stress, depressiveness, overtiredness, suicidal thoughts) among employed adult population in Estonia.

Methods

Data on 4041 employed respondents (2064 men and 1977 women) aged 20–64 years from nationally representative health surveys from years 2016 and 2018 in Estonia were used for the study. Dependent variables included self-reported stress, depressiveness, overtiredness, and suicidal thoughts. Descriptive statistics and both log-binomial and Poisson regression analysis were used to describe the socio-economic and demographic variations in these mental health complaints.

Results

More than half of the respondents had either stress, depressiveness, overtiredness or suicidal thoughts with 25% reporting two or more of mental health complaints. Lower personal income was associated with higher rates of all mental health complaints (stress, depressiveness, overtiredness, and suicidal thoughts) among employed adults in Estonia. Additionally, lower education was associated with higher prevalence of depressiveness and lower job skills predicted higher prevalence of suicidal thoughts. Higher prevalence ratios for depressiveness and overtiredness were found for women compared to men whereas Estonians had higher prevalence ratios for stress and suicidal thoughts compared to non-Estonians. All mental health complaints were more frequently reported at younger ages (compared to 50-64-year olds) and by not married or cohabiting respondents.

Conclusion

High prevalence of mental health complaints and their socio-economic and demographic patterning refer to considerable inequalities in mental health among employed adults. Policy actions targeting especially younger adults and those with financial difficulties are needed to address these early manifestations of mental health problems.
Characterizations of the viability and gene expression of dispersal cells from Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms released by alginate lyase and tobramycin
Authors: Daboor Said M. , Raudonis Renee , Cheng Zhenyu
Published: October 2021

Biofilm infections are hard to manage using conventional antibiotic treatment regimens because biofilm structures discourage antibiotics from reaching the entire bacterial community and allow pathogen cells to persistently colonize and develop a plethora of tolerance mechanisms towards antibiotics. Moreover, the dispersed cells from biofilms can cause further complications by colonizing different sites and establishing new cycles of biofilms. Previously, we showed that alginate lyase enzyme (AlyP1400), purified from a marine Pseudoalteromonas bacterium, reduced Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm biomass and boosted bactericidal activity of tobramycin by degrading alginate within the biofilm extracellular polymeric substances matrix. In this work, we used a flow cytometry-based assay to analyze collected dispersal cells and demonstrated the synergy between tobramycin with AlyP1400 in enhancing the release of both live and dead biofilm cells from a mucoid P. aeruginosa strain CF27, which is a clinical isolate from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Interestingly, this enhanced dispersal was only observed when AlyP1400 was combined with tobramycin and administered simultaneously but not when AlyP1400 was added in advance of tobramycin in a sequential manner. Moreover, neither the combined nor sequential treatment altered the dispersal of the biofilms from a non-mucoid P. aeruginosa laboratory strain PAK. We then carried out the gene expression and tobramycin survival analyses to further characterize the impacts of the combined treatment on the CF27 dispersal cells. Gene expression analysis indicated that CF27 dispersal cells had increased expression in virulence- and antibiotic resistance-related genes, including algR, bdlA, lasB, mexF, mexY, and ndvB. In the CF27 dispersal cell population, the combinational treatment of AlyP1400 with tobramycin further induced bdlA, mexF, mexY, and ndvB genes more than non-treated and tobramycin-treated dispersal cells, suggesting an exacerbated bacterial stress response to the combinational treatment. Simultaneous to the gene expression analysis, the survival ability of the same batch of biofilm dispersal cells to a subsequent tobramycin challenge displayed a significantly higher tobramycin tolerant fraction of cells (~60%) upon the combinational treatment of AlyP1400 and tobramycin than non-treated and tobramycin-treated dispersal cells, as well as the planktonic cells (all below 10%). These results generate new knowledge about the gene expression and antibiotic resistance profiles of dispersed cells from biofilm. This information can guide the design of safer and more efficient therapeutic strategies for the combinational use of alginate lyase and tobramycin to treat P. aeruginosa biofilm-related infections in CF lungs.
A new paradigm for leprosy diagnosis based on host gene expression
Authors: Leal-Calvo Thyago , Avanzi Charlotte , Mendes Mayara Abud , Benjak Andrej , Busso Philippe , Pinheiro Roberta Olmo , Sarno Euzenir Nunes , Cole Stewart Thomas , Moraes Milton Ozório
Published: October 2021

Transcriptional profiling is a powerful tool to investigate and detect human diseases. In this study, we used bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) to compare the transcriptomes in skin lesions of leprosy patients or controls affected by other dermal conditions such as granuloma annulare, a confounder for paucibacillary leprosy. We identified five genes capable of accurately distinguishing multibacillary and paucibacillary leprosy from other skin conditions. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) expression alone was highly discriminatory, followed byTLR10,BLK,CD38, andSLAMF7, whereas theHS3ST2andCD40LGmRNA separated multi- and paucibacillary leprosy. Finally, from the main differentially expressed genes (DEG) and enriched pathways, we conclude that paucibacillary disease is characterized by epithelioid transformation and granuloma formation, with an exacerbated cellular immune response, while multibacillary leprosy features epithelial-mesenchymal transition with phagocytic and lipid biogenesis patterns in the skin. These findings will help catalyze the development of better diagnostic tools and potential host-based therapeutic interventions. Finally, our data may help elucidate host-pathogen interplay driving disease clinical manifestations.
Toppling statues, affective publics and the lessons of the Black Lives Matter movement
Authors: Beech Dave , Jordan Mel
Published: October 2021

In this opening article, we explore how the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement challenges the traditional norms and conduct of the bourgeois public sphere. Ahmed argues how the White male body is abstracted in order to achieve a universal status (Ahmed) and how his ‘invisibility’ is his power; the socially constructed ‘invisibility’ of whiteness forces those people considered to be of colour to be ‘marked and highly visible’ (Purwar). We assert that this abstracting of whiteness, along with the dominance of rational debate leads to the patriarchal practices of the bourgeois public sphere. Utilizing Papacharissi’s concept of ‘Affective Publics’, we examine the extent to which the online and offline activities of the BLM movement – including the toppling of statues – charge social media with the capacity to act as a fully fledged public sphere. We conclude that the BLM movement exemplifies a mode of public participation that outstrips conventional thinking on the bourgeois public sphere and therefore can be taken as model for radically rethinking what a public sphere ought to be.
The strange monumentality of some artworks or something
Authors: Fitton Ben
Published: October 2021

This article investigates the idea that sometimes artworks become strange monuments: occasionally to themselves. It begins with an overview of how various artworks have taken on aspects of monumentality, setting up a number of coordinates for thought – energy, appropriation, fiction, resurrection and so on. It then turns to the contested status of Rachel Whiteread’s House (1993), paying attention to the ways in which its potential to endure as a conventional public monument was denied, leaving behind a strange set of digital monuments in its afterlife. It goes on to contrast the tomb-like preservation of Roger Hiorns’ Seizure ([2008] 2013) at the Yorkshire Sculpture Park with the rhetoric surrounding its initial staging in Southwark. This logic of preservation is compared with how Thomas Hirschhorn has revisited his early monument works, and his claims regarding their eternal life.
Ruptured structures: Race and representation in contemporary antimonuments
Authors: Dawson Cat
Published: October 2021

Monuments have historically been erected in western culture to project dominant narratives and political regimes and eliding brutal histories of subjugation on which those regimes have come into, and maintained, power. But over the last decade, several American artists have produced monumentally scaled projects that surface (rather than submerge) those histories. This article argues that these works – referred to herein as antimonuments and discussed through installations by Kara Walker, Mark Bradford and Kehinde Wiley – deploy formal tropes of traditional monumentality to expose the degree to which the rhetorical success of such structures is conditioned on the erasure of otherness, an effect laid especially bare in Confederate monuments that laudatorily memorialize, in a way peculiar to the monumental, the practice of enslavement on the very ground where that practice was enacted, and yet persists long after it was extinguished. By explicating the imbrications of the contemporary moment in genealogies traceable to the transatlantic slave trade, these contemporary anitmonuments intervene on what Fred calls the ‘ongoing, irregularly disrupted avoidance of looking at oneself’ that characterizes whiteness and which is reified through historical, particularly Confederate monuments. I attend to the material, formal and historical origins of these objects to suggest that these contemporary projects instantiate the ‘habitation and recitation’ (: 257) of questions regarding the relationship between representation, marginality and access to power, and to give form to the various ways in which the present moment is inescapably shaped by the transatlantic slave trade and its afterlives.
Platon sur le Parménide
Authors: Donato Marco
Published: October 2021

This article primarily tackles implicit poetic references in the Parmenides, trying to show that Plato adverts the reader that he’s going to adopt a different style of writing in the second part of this dialogue. The choice of a new dialogical form is a turning point in the evolution of Plato’s writing, and this new form of Socratic dialogue (paradoxically “non-Socratic”) will be reused and refined in later writings such as the Sophist, in which a clear allusion to the Parmenides’ literary innovation can be traced.
Seeing Double
Authors: Larsen Jens Kristian
Published: October 2021

In a crucial passage in the Republic (454a1-8) found within a discussion of women’s role in the ideal polis, division of eidē is identified as necessary for dialectic. A careful consideration of the way division is described in this passage reveals that it resembles the procedure of division described in the Phaedrus and the Sophist and that this procedure, when carried out correctly, is central to dialectic according to the Republic and helps set dialectic apart from eristic. Consideration of additional passages in the Republic indicates that division may be employed on different kinds of entities, such as virtues and types of human natures; for according to the argument of the Republic, the correct use of division for the purpose of distinguishing types of human natures or virtues, entities that to the untrained eye may look alike but are distinct by nature, is required for achieving the knowledge philosophers and philosopher-rulers need. In fact, correctly performed divisions help the dialectician to bring into focus a subject matter under consideration in a kind of double-vision that reveals that matter as a concrete phenomenon that exhibits participation in different eidê when it is considered from different points of view.
Myth and Truth in Republic 2-3
Authors: Sevelsted Rasmus
Published: October 2021

This paper argues that myth in Kallipolis is used to communicate philosophical truths, rather than distribute politically motivated falsehoods. It first considers the function of myth in the ideal artistic culture of Kallipolis (I), and the philosophical theology that informs it (II). On this basis, it is argued that the discussion of medicinal falsehoods at 382a-d is more focused on the truth-content of myth than usually assumed (III). The latter part of the paper (IV and V) explores the connection between this new understanding of myth in books 2-3 and the philosophical myths in the central books of the dialogue.
KOMODITAS EKSPOR DALAM PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH KRISIS: STUDI KASUS KOPI, TEH DAN BUNGA POTONG DI KENYA (1930–2011)
Authors: Erman Erwiza
Published: October 2021

Tulisan ini berusaha untuk melihat dampak krisis keuangan yang terjadi di Amerika Serikan dan kemudian meluas hingga ke Eropa terhadap komoditas ekspor penting di Kenya, Kenya sebagai salah satu negara di Afrika Timur yang bergantung pada tiga komoditas utama yaitu kopi, teh, dan bunga potong, Melalui studi pustaka dan penelitian lapangan, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ketiga komoditas tersebut memiliki trendnya masing-masing dan saling bergerak bergantian selama fase krisis internal dan internal yang terjadi selama periode 1930-2013, Sebagai contoh kopi, mengalami berbagai macam krisis seperti krisis harga pada pasar internasional, depresi ekonomi pada tahun 1930, resesi ekonomi dunia pada 1980 dan krisis akibat perubahan iklim seperti musim kering berkepanjanganan yang terjadi pada tahun 2001/2002, Berbagai macam krisis berdampak pada produksi kopi, sehingga ekspor komoditas  digantikan oleh teh dan bungan potong.
A Case Report on Ankylosing Spondylitis in a Pakistani Patient
Authors: Kayani Mohammad Danyal
Published: October 2021

Background: Ankylosing Spondylitis is the most common type of seronegative spondyloarthropathy. It is characterized by inflammation of multiple articular and para-articular structures, which in turn often leads to osseous ankylosis. Objective: This case is relatively uncommon in Pakistani population especially in females, and to compare the clinical presentation of the condition in this Pakistani patient with what is known around the world using the Criteria widely recognized internationally. Materials and Methods: A case report of a 51-year-old Pakistani woman with a history of back pain and radiographic imagery showing the classical findings of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Results: The Patient is a known case of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and primary hypothyroidism, and has been suffering from chronic lower back pain and stiffness for more than 16 years now. Her symptoms are worst in the morning soon after waking up from sleep. She has restricted movements at hip joints and kyphosis on examination. She also has reduced chest expansion. Her X-rays shows typical bamboo spine appearance with syndesmophytes formation and squaring of vertebral bodies. Her presentation fits both European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group diagnostic criteria for spondyloarthropathies, and the modified New York Criteria. Conclusion: This patient shows typical clinical and radiological findings of the Ankylosing Spondylitis, and fulfills the requirement of the diagnostic criterion
Specific Plasma MicroRNA Signatures in Predicting and Confirming Crohn's Disease Recurrence: Role and Pathogenic Implications
Authors: Moret-Tatay Inés , Cerrillo Elena , Hervás David , Iborra Marisa , Sáez-González Esteban , Forment Javier , Tortosa Luis , Nos Pilar , Gadea Jose , Beltrán Belén
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important epigenetic regulators in Crohn's disease (CD); however, their contribution to postoperative recurrence (POR) is still unknown. We aimed to characterize the potential role of miRNAs in predicting POR in patients with CD and to identify their pathogenic implications.

METHODS:

Of 67 consecutively operated patients with CD, we included 44 with pure ileal CD. Peripheral blood samples were taken before surgery and during follow-up. The patients were classified according to the presence or absence of POR assessed by ileocolonoscopy or magnetic resonance imaging enterography. The miRNAs were profiled by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction before surgery and during morphological POR or, for those who remained in remission, 1 year after surgery. R software and mirWalk were used.

RESULTS:

Five human miRNAs (miR-191-5p, miR-15b-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-451a, and miR-93-5p) were selected for discriminating between the 2 patient groups at presurgery (PS), with an area under the curve of 0.88 (95% confidence interval [0.79, 0.98]). Another 5 (miR-15b-5p, miR-451a, miR-93-5p, miR-423-5p, and miR-125b-5p) were selected for 1 year, with an area under the curve of 0.96 (95% confidence interval [0.91, 1.0]). We also created nomograms for POR risk estimation. CCND2 and BCL9L genes were related to PS miRNA profiles; SENP5 and AKT3 genes were related to PS and 1 year; and SUV39H1 and MAPK3K10 were related to 1 year.

DISCUSSION:

Different plasma miRNA signatures identify patients at high POR risk, which could help optimize patient outcomes. We developed nomograms to facilitate the clinical use of these results. The identified miRNAs participate in apoptosis, autophagy, proinflammatory immunological T-cell clusters, and reactive oxygen species metabolism.
Identification of linear dynamic systems of fractional order with errors in variables based on an augmented system of equations
Authors: Ivanov Dmitriy Vladimirovich
Published: October 2021

Уравнения с производными и разностями дробного порядка находят широкое применение для описания различных процессов и явлений. В настоящее время активно развиваются методы идентификации систем, описываемых уравнениями с разностями дробного порядка. Статья посвящена идентификации дискретных динамических систем, описываемых уравнениями с разностями дробного порядка с ошибками в переменных. Задачи идентификации систем с ошибками в переменных часто бывают плохо обусловленными. В статье предложен алгоритм, использующий представление нормальной смещенной системы в виде расширенной эквивалентной системы. Данное представление позволяет уменьшить число обусловленности решаемой задачи. Тестовые примеры показали, что предложенный алгоритм обладает более высокой точностью по сравнению с алгоритмами на основе разложения Холецкого и минимизации обобщенного отношения Релея.
Exact solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations describing stratified fluid flows
Authors: Burmasheva Natal'ya Vladimirovna , Prosviryakov Eugenii Yurevich
Published: October 2021

Статья посвящена рассмотрению вопросов необходимости построения точных решений для уравнений динамики вязкой жидкости, стратифицированной по нескольким физическим характеристикам (на примере плотности и вязкости). Обсуждаются вопросы применения семейств точных решений, построенных для многослойных жидкостей, при моделировании различных технологических процессов, имеющих дело с движущимися вязкими жидкими средами.
В работе на основе точных решений Линя, линейных по части координат, построен класс точных решений уравнений Навье-Стокса для вязких многослойных сред в поле массовых сил. Далее производится обобщение приведенного класса на случай произвольной зависимости кинетико-силовых полей от всех трех декартовых координат и времени. Обсуждаются вопросы переопределенности и разрешимости редуцированной (на основе данных семейств) системы уравнений Навье-Стокса, дополненных уравнением несжимаемости. В качестве наглядной иллюстрации подробно разбирается случай изобарических сдвиговых течений вне поля массовых сил. Обсуждаются три подхода к получению условий совместности переопределенной редуцированной системы уравнений движения, показывается их взаимосвязь.
“Simple” Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement With Conscious Sedation: Safety and Effectiveness in Real-World Practice
Authors: Postalian Alexander , Strickman Neil E. , Costello Briana T. , Dougherty Kathryn G. , Krajcer Zvonimir
Published: October 2021

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a well-established alternative to open surgical replacement. Strictly selecting low-risk patients and using conscious sedation during TAVR has enabled hospital stays to be safely shortened. We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a less rigorous patient-selection process involving multidisciplinary case discussions, percutaneous procedures with the use of conscious sedation, and post-procedural care outside an intensive care unit, with the goal of discharging patients from the hospital early. We call this “simple TAVR.”

We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent TAVR from March 2015 through February 2020 at our center. The procedures were performed by 2 high-volume operators. Of 524 total procedures, 344 (65.6%) qualified as simple TAVR.

All 344 procedures were successful. The most frequent complication at 30 days was new permanent pacemaker implantation (7.3%, 25 patients); the rates of major vascular complications, stroke, and all-cause death were less than 3% each. Of note, 252 patients (73.3%) were discharged from the hospital the day after TAVR, and 307 (89.2%) within 48 hours.

Simple TAVR is safe, economical, and feasible in real-world practice, and it does not necessitate a rigorous perioperative protocol or patient-selection process.
Downregulation of STOX1 is a novel prognostic biomarker for glioma patients
Authors: Jin Fei-qin , Jin Lei , Wang Yan-ling
Published: October 2021

Storkhead box 1 (STOX1) is a winged helix transcription factor structurally and functionally related to the forkhead family of transcription factors. Recent studies have highlighted its role in the central nervous system and revealed hints in the development of glioma. However, the expression profiles of STOX1, its association with clinicopathological characteristics, and potential functions in glioma remain unknown. In this study, we analyzed three publicly available datasets including CGGA, TCGA, and Rembrandt and revealed a grade-dependent reduction in STOX1 expression in glioma (P < 0.001). Chi-square test demonstrated that low STOX1 expression was significantly associated with older age at initial diagnosis (P < 0.001), less IDH1 mutation (P < 0.001), and advanced WHO grade (P < 0.001). Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that STOX1 expression may serve as a novel independent prognostic biomarker in glioma patients. Bioinformatic functional analysis (GSEA) predicted that STOX1 was related to many key cancer pathways including P53 signaling pathway (P < 0.01), DNA replication (P < 0.05), homologous recombination (P < 0.05), and Wnt signaling pathway (P < 0.05). Taken together, these findings suggested that STOX1 may be used as a novel predictive molecular biomarker for glioma grading and overall patient survival. Further investigations on the functional roles and therapeutic value of STOX1 in glioma are warranted.
Monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of surface water body of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir using Landsat-5/7/8 imagery and Google Earth Engine
Authors: Wang Ruimeng , Pan Li , Niu Wenhui , Li Rumeng , Zhao Xiaoyang , Bian Xiqing , Yu Chong , Xia Haoming , Chen Taizheng
Published: October 2021

Xiaolangdi Reservoir is a key control project to control the water and sediment in the lower Yellow River, and a timely and accurate grasp of the reservoir’s water storage status is essential for the function of the reservoir. This study used all available Landsat images (789 scenes) and adopted the modified normalized difference water index, enhanced vegetation index, and normalized difference vegetation index to map the surface water from 1999 to 2019 in Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform. The spatiotemporal characteristics of the surface water body area changes in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir in the past 21 years are analyzed from the water body type division, area change, type conversion, and the driving force of the Xiaolangdi water body area changes was analyzed. The results showed that (1) the overall accuracy of the water body extraction method was 98.86%, and the kappa coefficient was 0.96; (2) the maximum water body area of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir varies greatly between inter-annual and intra-annual, and seasonal water body and permanent water body have uneven spatiotemporal distribution; (3) in the conversion of water body types, the increased seasonal water body area of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir from 1999 to 2019 was mainly formed by the conversion of permanent water body, and the reduced permanent water body area was mainly caused by non-water conversion; and (4) the change of the water body area of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir has a weak negative correlation with natural factors such as precipitation and temperature, and population. It is positively correlated with seven indicators such as runoff and regional gross domestic product (GDP). The findings of the research will provide necessary data support for the management and planning of soil and water resources in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir.
Computer-assisted preoperative planning of reduction of and osteosynthesis of scapular fracture: A case report
Authors: Madeja Roman , Bajor Grzegorz , Klima Ondrej , Bialy Lubor , Pometlova Jana
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Reports on the use of computer-assisted trauma surgery of comminuted scapula fracture are still quite rare. In this article, we present a case of comminuted scapula fracture, the surgical reconstruction of which was pre-operatively planned using a complex software solution.

Materials and methods

For surgical planning of the fracture, we used the TraumaTech software facilitating virtual reconstruction (both manual and automatic), surgery planning, design of the implant, planning of screw placement and lengths, and production of a 3D print model of the fracture and the implant. The software also supported ordering such custom-made plate from a plate producer who was capable of fast and precise production of the plate.

Results

The surgery using the custom-ordered plate was successful. The actual used screw lengths did not differ from the planned ones by more than 2 mm. One year after the surgery, the patient was capable of more demanding activities and doing sports activities.

Conclusion

This approach provides a great way to prevent complications of the surgery and to shorten its duration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of the treatment of a scapula comminuted fracture utilizing computer-assisted preoperative planning.
Genetic diversity of Omani barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) germplasm
Authors: Al Lawati Ali H. , Nadaf Saleem K. , AlSaady Nadiya A. , Al Hinai Saleh A. , Almamari Almandhar R. , Al Maawali Abdulaziz A.
Published: October 2021

Oman has enormous diversity in important crops of global significance like wheat and barley considered as strategic crops. The country has an ancient cultivation history of barley because of its location on the eastern edge of the Arabian Peninsula and is known to have several landraces spread across all the agro-ecological regions. The present study was undertaken to comprehend genetic diversity in 16 indigenous Omani USDA accessions repatriated recently to select parents for hybridization in national crop improvement programs. The trial was conducted consecutively for two cropping seasons (2017–2018 and 2018–2019) from November to March on the layouts of loamy soil sites under sprinkler irrigation system in augmented design under spacing and crop husbandry practices as per national recommendations. The data on eight quantitative characters and presence (score 1) or absence (score 0) of anthocyanin pigmentation on two plant parts were subjected to both hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to know the contribution of characters toward diversity and form prime diverse clusters. The results indicated not only significant differences between accessions (p< 0.05) with respect to the most of quantitative characters but also two significant correlations involving four characters associated with maturity and inflorescence (p< 0.05). The results of two multivariate analyses led to the formation of four diverse clusters with similar constituents of accessions to the most extent, thus supporting each other in discerning diversity. The parents were selected for hybridization for improving characters of growth for higher yield or productivity with anthocyanin-related characters.
Bentuk-bentuk Cyberbullying yang terdapat dalam Drama San Nen A Gumi Karya Shogo Muto
Authors: Wijayanti Ni Kadek Rika , Aryani Made Ratna Dian , Sari Ida Ayu Laksmita
Published: October 2021

This research is entitled "Forms of Cyberbullying in the Drama San Nen A Gumi by Shogo Muto". The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of cyberbullying in the data source used, namely the drama San Nen A Gumi by Shogo Muto. The method used in this research is the library method, descriptive analysis method and informal method. The theory used consists of two theories, namely the theory of sociology of literature according to Wellek and Warren and the theory of cyberbullying according to Willard. The results showed that there are five forms of cyberbullying, including 1) flaming 'sending fiery messages' 2) harassment 'sending disturbing messages of harassment repeatedly', 3) denigration 'making or spreading slander', 4) impersonation 'disguise', and 5) outing and trickery 'obtaining or spreading secrets from the target by deceit'.
Age and Growth of the European Bitterling Rhodeus amarus (Cyprinidae, Actinopterygii) in the Uday and Perevod Rivers (Dnipro basin, Ukraine)
Authors: Podobailo A. , Shukh A. , Kutsokon Yu.
Published: October 2021

European bitterling age and growth were examined in 2017, 2018, and 2019 in the Uday and Perevod rivers in Pyriatynsky National Park (Poltava region, Ukraine). The population was represented by five age groups (0+ to 4+); specimen age was determined by counting annuli on scales. The annuli were visible and often displayed as irregularities in circuli in the centrolateral part of the scales. Standard specimen length varied from 14 to 51 mm; weight varied from 0.09 to 2.5 g. The length-weight relationship was W = 0.00005*TL2.78; W♂ = 0.00048*TL2.18; W♀ = 0.00028*TL2.32 for both sexes, males and females, respectively. The sex ratio was 1:1.26. The most abundant group in the samples from the Uday were young-of-the-years, and 1+ fish in the samples from the Perevod. As for mature specimens, 3+ fish predominated in both samples. The fastest relative growth was during the second year of life.
Polymorphism of the Introduced Snail Cepaea nemoralis (Gastropoda, Helicidae) from two Distant Parts of Eastern Europe: Accidental Similarity or Regularity?
Authors: Gural-Sverlova N. V. , Gural R. I.
Published: October 2021

The shell coloration of Cepaea nemoralis (Linnaeus, 1758) from Western Ukraine (Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, and Ternopil Regions) and from the Moscow Region of Russia was analyzed, in total, almost 6 thousand specimens from 32 sites. In the samples from the Moscow Region, on average, there were half as many yellow shells and four times as many pink mid-banded shells. There were no other statistically significant differences. As in other areas of Eastern Europe, yellow unbanded and brown shells were often absent or represented by few individuals in both compared areas, and brown banded shells were completely (Western Ukraine) or almost completely (Moscow Region) absent, which may be related to the founder effect. Analysis of the literature data showed that in the introduced populations of C. nemoralis from Europe and USA, a distinct predominance of one or two of the 4 light phenotypes (yellow unbanded, yellow mid-banded, pink unbanded, and pink mid-banded) is often observed. The total frequency of these phenotypes in introduced populations is often higher than its average values calculated for different parts of the natural range. A possible relationship between the observed pattern and climatic selection is discussed.
Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Pediatric Retropharyngeal and Parapharyngeal Abscesses
Authors: Goenka Pratichi K. , Hall Matthew , Shah Samir S. , Florin Todd A. , Leone Nicole , Narayanan Sridaran , Ishman Stacey , Gill Peter , Liewehr Sheila , Palumbo Nancy , McGeechan Stacy , Mestre Marcos , Parikh Kavita
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Treatment of retropharyngeal abscesses (RPAs) and parapharyngeal abscesses (PPAs) includes antibiotics, with possible surgical drainage. Although corticosteroids may decrease inflammation, their role in the management of RPAs and PPAs is unclear. We evaluated the association of corticosteroid administration as part of initial medical management on drainage rates and length of stay for children admitted with RPAs and PPAs.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective study using administrative data of children aged 2 months to 8 years discharged with RPAs and PPAs from 2016 to 2019. Exposure was defined as systemic corticosteroids administered as part of initial management. Primary outcome was surgical drainage. Bivariate comparisons were made between patients in the corticosteroid and noncorticosteroid groups by using Wilcoxon rank or χ2 tests. Outcomes were modeled by using generalized linear mixed-effects models.

RESULTS

Of the 2259 patients with RPAs and PPAs, 1677 (74.2%) were in the noncorticosteroid group and 582 (25.8%) were in the corticosteroid group. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or insurance status. There was a lower rate of drainage in the corticosteroid cohort (odds ratio: 0.28; confidence interval: 0.22–0.36). Patients in this group were more likely to have repeat computed tomography imaging performed, had lower hospital costs, and were less likely to have opioid medications administered. The corticosteroid cohort had a higher 7-day emergency department revisit rate, but there was no difference in length of stay (rate ratio 0.97; confidence interval: 0.92–1.02).

CONCLUSIONS

Corticosteroids were associated with lower odds of surgical drainage among children with RPAs and PPAs.
expression of diminutivity in Central Ring Grassfields Bantu
Authors: Akumbu Pius W. , Kießling Roland
Published: October 2021

Studies on the expression of diminutivity in Bantoid languages of the Cameroonian Grassfields have tended to focus on the role that noun class derivation plays within the familiar Bantu paradigm. A closer look at individual branches of Bantoid, however, reveals a more complex picture, which rather suggests a division of labour between derivational strategies and compounding and/or periphrasis. This contribution zooms in on the languages of the Central Ring (CR) branch of Grassfields Bantu, presenting an overview of diminutivisation strategies found here: the notorious transfer to gender 19/6a, which is at times, accompanied by the addition of a semantically bleached suffix –CV, and periphrasis in associative constructions headed by nouns with inherent diminutive meanings such as ‘child’.
Проектування послуг дегустаційних залів як стратегічний вектор розвитку сервісу в індустрії гостинності
Authors: Ряшко Г. М. , Асауленко Н. В. , Новічкова Т. П. , Новічков В. К.
Published: October 2021

Стаття розглядає підходи пошуку інновацій для створення дегустаційного залу та проектуван-ня асортименту додаткових послуг на його основі. Одеській регіон характеризується активним розвит-ком виноробної промисловості, в тому числі збільшенням кількості гаражних виробництв. Незважаючина те, що збільшується інтерес до винного туризму, населення не має достатньої інформації щодобільшості з одеських виробників. Для порівняння якості вина різних виробників необхідно проводитимоносортові дегустації, які не можливі в дегустаційних залах, розташованих на виноробних виробниц-твах. Проектування асортименту послуг дегустаційного залу у складі підприємства індустрії гостиннос-ті, доцільно проводити з використанням анкетування, контекстного аналізу відгуків та мозкового штур-му, враховуючи ресурси закладу готельно-ресторанного бізнесу. Такі дослідження дозволяють обратиасортимент сервісних послуг, що можуть впроваджуватись в роботу конкретного закладу та приноситимаксимальний прибуток. В якості прикладу наведено дослідження щодо проектування додаткових по-слуг при створенні дегустаційного залу в готелі «Атлантік».
Godly practices of the kani clique
Authors: Beevi A. Sanitha
Published: October 2021

The religion of Kanikkar is largely grounded on animism, naturalism, Totemistic beliefs and taboos, magic polytheism. The supernatural powers largely guided their life. The Kanikkar believe that it is the spirit of their ancestors who protect them from the diseases, wild animals and furious of nature. In recent times, Hindu mythology also has found some places on their belief. They observe various rituals and ceremonies and offer worship and prayers to propitiate them. They gave more importance to religion in their life. They still believe in their forest deities and make offering to please the Gods and Goddesses. Thus, despite the spread of modernization, most of the Kanikkars adhere themselves to the age-old traditional customs and practices.
Response of physical parameters of tomato against various kinds of packaging materials
Authors: Chandla Ankush , Yadav Kulveer Singh , Monika  , Kishor Sachin
Published: October 2021

The present study was conducted in Horticulture Lab at School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India. This investigation was done to study the effect of different types of packaging materials on shelf-life, quality and storage of tomato cv. Heemsohna during the year 2020. The results revealed that out of the seven treatments, the treatment T4 (Black Polythene) showed best result as compared to other treatments except treatment T3 (Yellow Polythene) were recorded highest fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter and fruit pH. Thus, it can be concluded that packaging of tomato fruits in polyethylene bags resulted in longer shelf-life and improved quality of the produce followed by packaging in black polythene bags. It was concluded that tomatoes wrapped in polyethylene bags were better in quality with longer shelf life.
Development and validation of the sleep assessment instrument for older adults with pain
Authors: Santana Márcia Valéria de Andrade , Félix Ricardo Humberto , Bersani Ana Laura de Figueiredo , Frange Cristina , Coelho Fernando Morgadinho Santos , Custódio Osvladir , Santos Fania Cristina
Published: October 2021

Abstract Background: The co-occurrence of chronic pain and sleep disturbance contribute to a significant functional and social impact in older adults. However, there are no validated instruments to measure sleep disturbance and pain in this population that could be used to screen or diagnose individuals or monitor treatment effectiveness. Objective: Our aim was to develop and validate a brief, practical, and comprehensive tool to assess the impact of co-occurring pain and sleep disturbance in older adults. Methods: Development and validation of a measurement tool for assessing pain and sleep in older adults consisting of seven items. Results: We applied the “Sleep Assessment Instrument for Pain in older adults” (SAIOAP) in a sample of 100 older individuals. A Cronbach’s alpha of 0.602 indicated a moderate level of reliability, and item-total correlations of ≥0.4 for all items indicated good homogeneity. There were statistically significant correlations between the SAIOAP and sleep quality (PSQI, r=61.5), pain intensity (VNS, r=30.5), the multidimensional impacts of pain (GPM, r=40.5), depression (GEAP, r=45.5), comorbidity (r=27.9), and medication use (r=30.4). A ROC curve indicated a sensitivity of 73.2% and a specificity of 79.1% in relation to the prediction of sleep disturbances associated with pain in older adults. Conclusions: The SAIOAP presented adequate metric properties and was demonstrated to be a simple and practical tool for the assessment of the impact of pain on sleep in older adults.
Patients who experience systemic lupus erythematosus and leg ulcer: phenomenological approach
Authors: Borges Eline Lima , Domingos Selisvane Ribeiro da Fonseca , Campos Larissa Pereira de Carvalho , Spira Josimare Aparecida Otoni
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the experience of a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus and leg ulcers with cutaneous calcinosis. Methods: An experience report based on the social phenomenology of Alfred Schutz, conducted with a young woman undergoing treatment in an outpatient service. Results: The disease manifested itself in adolescence and brought emotional instability associated with body image concern and social isolation. The discontinuation of the studies triggered financial limitations with implications for treatment. The presence of ulcers aggravated by skin calcification makes the process of getting sick tiring and painful. Interpersonal relationships are resources for coping with situations experienced. Final considerations: Patients with lupus may have social, affective, and family life, even in the face of the limitations imposed by the disease. However, the emergence of leg ulcer with calcinosis changes this situation.
Brazilian nursing in pandemic times and the bicentennial of Florence Nightingale
Authors: Ribeiro Beatriz Maria dos Santos Santiago , Scorsolini-Comin Fabio , Santos Sérgio Valverde Marques dos , Dalri Rita de Cassia de Marchi Barcellos
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on the role of Brazilian nursing during the COVID-19 pandemic, considering as a historical landmark the bicentenary of the birth of Florence Nightingale, a precursor of modern nursing, celebrated in 2020. Method: Theoretical-reflective study, based on Florence Nightingale’s environmental theory through a literature review, carried out in international and national virtual news from different sources and added to the authors’ experiences related to the pandemic. Results: It was possible to identify the weaknesses experienced by nurse practitioners as to contagion by COVID-19, the routine of exposure to risks, the lack of adequate protection in many scenarios, the high rates of illness, and also deaths that occurred in this profession. Final considerations: Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory describes the importance of the adequacy of the work environment. It also emphasizes the value of this professional for contemporary nursing and the redefinition of this professional category during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objective lameness assessment in horses used for equine-assisted therapy in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
Authors: Taschetto Patricia Maurer , Azevedo Marcos da Silva , Rodrigues Ana Paula da Costa , Martini Luíza Gonçalves , Siqueira Daniélle Fernandes Cosentino , Bernardes Andressa Schunemann , Parodes Bruna Martins
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT: Equine-assisted therapy is a method used since ancient times to rehabilitate individuals. The biomechanics provided by horses and the friction between their back and the riders’ saddle generate impulses that are transmitted to riders’ central nervous system; thus, these horses must be healthy enough to enable the desired therapeutic effect. The aim of the current study is to investigate lameness prevalence and intensity in equine-assisted therapy horses in Rio Grande do Sul State. The adopted methodology consisted of the objective evaluation of lameness based on Lameness Locator® wireless inertial sensors, which were placed in the 21 horses assessed in six equestrian centers in Rio Grande do Sul State. Results have shown that 90.1% of the assessed horses presented lameness in the hind (54.2%) and forelimbs (45.8%), as well as that 72% of them with presented mild lameness degree. This outcome has evidenced the need, and significance, of assessing these horses’ locomotor system. To support effective therapy and protect equine welfare, it is essential that veterinarians should regularly monitor these animals in order to treat and prevent disease. Even subtle lameness can influence the generated stimuli; thus, it is an important factor to be taken into consideration when selecting equine-assisted therapy.
Partial hemipelvectomy: An alternative for improving dogs’ life quality
Authors: Ferreira Priscila Inês , Cassanego Guilherme Rech , Basso Paula Cristina , Müller Daniel Curvello de Mendonça
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT: Partial hemipelvectomy refers to the surgical removal of a pelvic segment, which is performed for pelvic bone neoplasms, severe fractures, or poor bone union. This study presents the cases of seven dogs, six of which have neoplasms involving the hip joint and one with severe pelvic canal narrowing due to a poorly consolidated trauma. Partial caudal hemipelvectomy was performed for all the dogs to improve the quality of life and delay euthanasia. Of the seven cases, six required the use of a polypropylene mesh for the pelvic wall closure, with 85.71% of them acquiring manageable complications in the postoperative period. Despite these complications, an overall improvement in the quality of life was reported to be significant in the operated animals due to the removal of the cause of pain or discomfort. Thus, it was concluded that partial hemipelvectomyis beneficial for dogs with pelvic conditions. Furthermore, the main complication due to the lack of a pelvic wall for primary occlusion was circumvented by using a polypropylene mesh, showing that possible complications in this procedure can be appropriately managed.