bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standard Heart Rate Variability Parameters—Their Within-Session Stability, Reliability, and Sample Size Required to Detect the Minimal Clinically Important Effect
Authors: Žunkovič Breda , Kejžar Nataša , Bajrović Fajko F.
Published: April 2023

Many intervention studies assume the stability of heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, and their sample sizes are often small, which can significantly affect their conclusions. The aim of this study is to assess the stability and reliability of standard HRV parameters within a single resting session, and to estimate the sample size required to detect the minimal clinically important effect of an intervention. Heart rate was recorded in 50 adult healthy subjects for 50 min in a seated position. Eight standard HRV parameters were calculated from five evenly spaced 5 min intervals. Stability was assessed by comparing the mean values of HRV parameters between the consecutive five test–retest measurements. Absolute reliability was determined by standard error of measurement, and relative reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient. The sample size required to detect a mean difference of ≥30% of between-subject standard deviation was estimated. As expected, almost all HRV parameters had poor absolute reliability but most HRV parameters had substantial to excellent relative reliability. We found statistically significant differences in almost all HRV parameters between the first 20 min and the last 30 min of the session. The estimated sample size ranged from 19 to 300 subjects for the first 20 min and from 36 to 194 subjects for the last 30 min of the session, depending on the selected HRV parameter. We concluded that optimal HRV measurement protocols in a resting seated position should be performed within the first 20 min or between 20 and 50 min after assuming a resting seated position. Future interventional HRV studies should include a sufficient number of subjects and consider the Bonferroni correction according to the number of selected HRV parameters to achieve an appropriate level of study power and precision.
Comparison of the Concordance of Allergic Diseases between Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KoGES HTS Data
Authors: Lee Eun , Kim Joo-Hee , Choi Hyo , Kang Ho , Lim Hyun , Kim Ji , Cho Seong-Jin , Nam Eun , Park Ha , Kim Nan , Kwon Mi
Published: April 2023

Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of allergic diseases. However, there is limited information on these factors in the Korean population. This study investigated the importance of genetic and environmental factors in allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis, by comparing the disease incidence in Korean adult monozygotic and dizygotic twins. This cross-sectional study utilized data from 1296 twin pairs, including 1052 monozygotic and 244 dizygotic twins, aged over 20 years, from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (2005–2014). The study utilized binomial and multinomial logistic regression models to compute odds ratios of disease concordance. The concordance rate (92%) of the presence or absence of atopic dermatitis in monozygotic twins was slightly higher than that in dizygotic twins (90.2%), which only had a borderline significance (p = 0.090). The concordance rates of other allergic diseases within monozygotic twins were lower compared to dizygotic twins (asthma, 94.3% vs. 95.1%; allergic rhinitis, 77.5% vs. 78.7%; allergic conjunctivitis, 90.6% vs. 91.8%), of which the differences were not statistically significant. Monozygotic twins had a higher proportion of cases in which both siblings had allergic diseases than dizygotic twins (asthma, 1.1% vs. 0.0%; allergic rhinitis, 6.7% vs. 3.3%; atopic dermatitis, 2.9% vs. 0.0%; allergic conjunctivitis, 1.5% vs. 0.0%), of which the differences were also not statistically significant. In conclusion, our results appear to indicate the relative importance of environmental factors over genetic factor in the development of allergic diseases in Korean adult monozygotic twins.
Understanding Urban Green Spaces Typology’s Contribution to Comprehensive Green Infrastructure Planning: A Study of Canberra, the National Capital of Australia
Authors: Ignatieva Maria , Mofrad Fahimeh
Published: April 2023

The urban densification agenda for the Australian Capital Territory announced in 2012 as well as the climate-related impacts (such as flood and rising temperature) have made the role of green infrastructure in this city more critical than at any other time. The Living Infrastructure Plan for Canberra was proposed by the local government in 2019 and it is currently being developed. However, there is a lack of understanding of the variety of urban green infrastructure characters, associated urban green space types, and their contributions to the green infrastructure plan. Therefore, this research aims to study the existing types of urban green infrastructure and green spaces in Canberra and investigate their potential sociocultural and ecological contributions that need to be considered in developing green infrastructure plans. To achieve this, we employed a socioecological approach and a mix of methods including a literature review, a review of policy documents, semi-structured interviews with experts, geospatial data, and field observation. Ten main urban green infrastructures were identified in Canberra and associated green spaces and their ecosystem services were discussed. Finally, a framework was delineated to suggest recommendations for the identified urban green infrastructure types with the aim of improving the green infrastructure planning practice by enhancing, preserving, and reinforcing green spaces. The findings provide a foundation for coordinating green infrastructure decision making and suggest a framework for designing high-quality and multifunctional green spaces. The study concludes that further investigation is required to comprehend the diversity of urban green infrastructures and their ecosystem services, co-benefits, synergies, and trade-offs.
Echocardiographic Evaluation after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Angellotti Domenico , Manzo Rachele , Castiello Domenico Simone , Immobile Molaro Maddalena , Mariani Andrea , Iapicca Cristina , Nappa Dalila , Simonetti Fiorenzo , Avvedimento Marisa , Leone Attilio , Canonico Mario Enrico , Spaccarotella Carmen Anna Maria , Franzone Anna , Ilardi Federica , Esposito Giovanni , Piccolo Raffaele
Published: April 2023

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an increasingly popular treatment option for patients with severe aortic stenosis. Recent advancements in technology and imaging tools have significantly contributed to the success of TAVI procedures. Echocardiography plays a pivotal role in the evaluation of TAVI patients, both before and after the procedure. This review aims to provide an overview of the most recent technical advancements in echocardiography and their use in the follow-up of TAVI patients. In particular, the focus will be on the examination of the influence of TAVI on left and right ventricular function, which is frequently accompanied by other structural and functional alterations. Echocardiography has proven to be key also in detecting valve deterioration during extended follow-up. This review will provide valuable insights into the technical advancements in echocardiography and their role in the follow-up of TAVI patients.
Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Target Approach for Undiagnosed Dysglycaemia
Authors: Aloi Concetta , Salina Alessandro , Caroli Francesco , Bocciardi Renata , Tappino Barbara , Bassi Marta , Minuto Nicola , d’Annunzio Giuseppe , Maghnie Mohamad
Published: April 2023

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized the field of genomics and created new opportunities for basic research. We described the strategy for the NGS validation of the “dysglycaemia panel” composed by 44 genes related to glucose metabolism disorders (MODY, Wolfram syndrome) and familial renal glycosuria using Ion AmpliSeq technology combined with Ion-PGM. Anonymized DNA of 32 previously genotyped cases with 33 different variants were used to optimize the methodology. Standard protocol was used to generate the primer design, library, template preparation, and sequencing. Ion Reporter tool was used for data analysis. In all the runs, the mean coverage was over 200×. Twenty-nine out of thirty three variants (96.5%) were detected; four frameshift variants were missed. All point mutations were detected with high sensitivity. We identified three further variants of unknown significance in addition to pathogenic mutations previously identified by Sanger sequencing. The NGS panel allowed us to identify pathogenic variants in multiple genes in a short time. This could help to identify several defects in children and young adults that have to receive the genetic diagnosis necessary for optimal treatment. In order not to lose any pathogenic variants, Sanger sequencing is included in our analytical protocol to avoid missing frameshift variants.
Discussion on Static Resistance of Granite under Penetration
Authors: Nie Xiaodong , Wu Xiangyun , Yi Zhi , Long Zhilin , Zhou Hui , Ji Nan
Published: April 2023

A total of 9 tests were carried out with 30 mm and 78 mm caliber scaled projectiles penetrating into granite targets. The penetration depth, crater diameter, and mass loss rate were examined and discussed. The results indicate that the dimensionless penetration depth of large-caliber projectiles is 20% greater than small-caliber projectiles. Based on the description of static resistance Ra in the Forrestal semi-empirical formula, the size effect of dimensionless penetration depth can be attributed to the size effect of static resistance Ra, and it can be seen that the penetration static resistance of projectile A is 40% higher than that of projectile B. Numerical simulations of projectile penetration into granite targets were conducted using the finite element program ANSYS/LS-DYNA. In terms of penetration depth and crater damage, the numerical simulation results agree well with the test data. This suggests that the selection of parameters was reasonable. The influence of compressive strength, projectile striking velocity, mass, diameter, and caliber–radius–head (CRH) ratio on the static resistance Ra were studied by RHT model parameterization. Based on the numerical results from the parametric study, an empirical formula was derived to predict the static resistance Ra.
Autonomous Installation of Electrical Spacers on Power Lines Using Magnetic Localization and Special End Effector
Authors: Zorić Filip , Flegarić Stjepan , Vasiljević Goran , Bogdan Stjepan , Kovačić Zdenko
Published: April 2023

The combined effects of environmental factors such as high winds and melting ice can cause transmission line conductors to vibrate at high amplitudes, resulting in damaged pole structures, cracked insulating strands, and short circuits. The manual installation of electrical spacers between the two power line conductors is currently the only way to prevent this, but due to the high-voltage environment, this operation is extremely dangerous for a human worker. As a solution to automate this operation, the autonomous installation of electrical spacers using a robotic manipulator is proposed. For this purpose, a design of a special end effector for the robotic installation of electrical spacers is proposed. The end effector prototype was produced and tested under laboratory conditions and then used for the autonomous installation of spacers on power lines. Its localization with respect to the power lines is based on measurements of the magnetic field generated by the alternating currents flowing through the power lines. To verify the feasibility of the proposed solution under laboratory conditions, the proposed end effector equipped with magnetometers was developed and mounted on a 6-axis Schunk LWA 4p robotic arm. The implemented autonomous installation sequence was successfully verified using a robot and a laboratory mock-up of power lines.
Wave Scattering through Step Down Cascading Junctions
Authors: Ali Hadia , Mahmood-ul-Hassan  , Akgül Ali , Alshomrani Ali Saleh
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we present the scattering of plane waves through two junctions with step-down cascading discontinuities. The solutions in the form of trapped modes corresponding to discrete eigen values are also presented. We illustrate the matching of continuity of pressure and velocity at the edges, conservation of energy, convergence/error of reflection, and reflection and transmission of the incident wave that go through the wider region. We discuss the reflection and transmission amplitudes by varying dimensions of wave-guide structure against wave number. We plot the surface and contour plots along with absolute potential solutions at different frequencies where extrema of field amplitudes occur. We also derive the results of extra ordinary acoustic transmission (EAT) for existing models. We apply the Mode Matching Method (MMM) to tackle the problem. Our model would be beneficial to structure the old and new models containing cavities and junctions. However, these structure models cannot retrieve our proposed geometrical model. The results will be helpful to model the practical exhaust system in noise reduction theory.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Serum Omentin-1 in Sepsis: A Prospective Study in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Karampela Irene , Vallianou Natalia G. , Tsilingiris Dimitrios , Christodoulatos Gerasimos Socrates , Antonakos Georgios , Marinou Ioanna , Vogiatzakis Evaggelos , Armaganidis Apostolos , Dalamaga Maria
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: Omentin-1, also known as intelectin-1, is a novel adipokine with anti-inflammatory activities implicated in inflammatory diseases and sepsis. We aimed to explore serum omentin-1 and its kinetics in critically ill patients early in sepsis and its association with severity and prognosis. Materials and Methods: Serum omentin-1 was determined in 102 critically ill patients with sepsis during the first 48 h from sepsis onset and 1 week later, and in 102 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. The outcome of sepsis at 28 days after enrollment was recorded. Results: Serum omentin-1 at enrollment was significantly higher in patients compared to controls (763.3 ± 249.3 vs. 451.7 ± 122.3 μg/L, p < 0.001) and it further increased 1 week after (950.6 ± 215.5 vs. 763.3 ± 249.3 μg/L, p < 0.001). Patients with septic shock (n = 42) had higher omentin-1 compared to those with sepsis (n = 60) at enrollment (877.9 ± 241.2 vs. 683.1 ± 223.7 μg/L, p < 0.001) and 1 week after (1020.4 ± 224.7 vs. 901.7 ± 196.3 μg/L, p = 0.007). Furthermore, nonsurvivors (n = 30) had higher omentin-1 at sepsis onset (952.1 ± 248.2 vs. 684.6 ± 204.7 μg/L, p < 0.001) and 1 week after (1051.8 ± 242 vs. 908.4 ± 189.8 μg/L, p < 0.01). Patients with sepsis and survivors presented higher kinetics than those with septic shock and nonsurvivors (Δ(omentin-1)% 39.8 ± 35.9% vs. 20.2 ± 23.3%, p = 0.01, and 39.4 ± 34.3% vs. 13.3 ± 18.1%, p < 0.001, respectively). Higher omentin-1 at sepsis onset and 1 week after was an independent predictor of 28-day mortality (HR 2.26, 95% C.I. 1.21–4.19, p = 0.01 and HR: 2.15, 95% C.I. 1.43–3.22, p < 0.001, respectively). Finally, omentin-1 was significantly correlated with the severity scores, the white blood cells, coagulation biomarkers, and CRP, but not procalcitonin and other inflammatory biomarkers. Conclusions: Serum omentin-1 is increased in sepsis, while higher levels and lower kinetics during the first week of sepsis are associated with the severity and 28-day mortality of sepsis. Omentin-1 may be a promising biomarker of sepsis. However, more studies are needed to explore its role in sepsis.
Parameters Optimization of Electrical Discharge Machining Process Using Swarm Intelligence: A Review
Authors: Chen Yanyan , Hu Shunchang , Li Ansheng , Cao Yang , Zhao Yangjing , Ming Wuyi
Published: April 2023

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) can use soft tool electrodes to process hard workpieces to achieve “soft against hard”, because it directly uses electrical energy and thermal energy to remove metal materials. Then, it can generate complex features on harder materials and meet the requirements of excellent surface quality. Since EDM involves many process parameters, including electrical parameters, non-electrical parameters, and materials properties, it is essential to optimize its process parameters to obtain good performance. In this direction, the application of the swarm intelligence (SI) technique has become popular. In this paper, the existing literature is comprehensively reviewed, and the application of the SI technique in the optimization of EDM process parameters is summarized. Sinker-EDM (SEDM), wire-EDM (WEDM), and micro-EDM (MEDM) with various hybrid techniques are among the EDM methods considered in this study because of their broad adoption in industrial sections. The fundamental nature of all review articles will assist engineers/workers in determining the process parameters and processing performance, the SI algorithm, and the optimal technique by which to obtain the desired process parameters. In addition, discussions from the perspectives of the similarity, individuality, and complementarity of various SI algorithms are proposed, and necessary outlooks are predicted, which provides references for the high performance of the EDM processes in the future.
Effect of Quench Tempering on Hydrogen Embrittlement and Corrosion Behavior of X100 Pipeline Steel
Authors: Khatib Zadeh Davani Reza , Mohtadi-Bonab Mohammad , Yadav Sandeep , Entezari Ehsan , Cabezas Jhon , Szpunar Jerzy
Published: April 2023

In this study, the hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behavior of X100 pipeline steel (Ref) was investigated after various heat treatments, including one-step austenitizing at 880 °C (HT3), 830 °C (HT2), and 780 °C (HT1) for 90 min, oil quenching to room temperature, tempering at 600 °C for 30 min, and air cooling to room temperature. Potentiodynamic polarisation was performed to assess the electrochemical corrosion behavior, while the Charpy impact test and Vickers microhardness measurement were performed to assess the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility before and after hydrogen charging. SEM, EBSD, and EDS were used to further characterize the fractured surface and crystallographic texture of specimens, while XRD was used to evaluate the macro-texture and corrosion products. The results of the Charpy impact and hardness tests showed that the high hardness and low impact energy values in the Reference and HT3 specimens were linked to a higher susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement, indicating that the hardness values and Charpy impact energy, respectively, increased and decreased with a decrease in the hydrogen embrittlement resistance. The micro-texture results from the EBSD analysis showed that the HT3 and Ref. specimens had higher Kernel average misorientation (KAM) values and higher deformed grains fractions than those of the HT2 and HT1 specimens, resulting in lower corrosion resistance. The HT2 specimen had an optimal combination of beneficial ({110}, {111}, {332}) and harmful texture components ({100}), showing that corrosion resistance can be improved.
Detection and Quantification of Adulteration in Krill Oil with Raman and Infrared Spectroscopic Methods
Authors: Ahmmed Fatema , Gordon Keith C. , Killeen Daniel P. , Fraser-Miller Sara J.
Published: April 2023

Raman and infrared spectroscopy, used as individual and low-level fused datasets, were evaluated to identify and quantify the presence of adulterants (palm oil, PO; ω-3 concentrates in ethyl ester, O3C and fish oil, FO) in krill oil. These datasets were qualitatively analysed with principal component analysis (PCA) and classified as adulterated or unadulterated using support vector machines (SVM). Using partial least squares regression (PLSR), it was possible to identify and quantify the adulterant present in the KO mixture. Raman spectroscopy performed better (r2 = 0.98; RMSEP = 2.3%) than IR spectroscopy (r2 = 0.91; RMSEP = 4.2%) for quantification of O3C in KO. A data fusion approach further improved the analysis with model performance for quantification of PO (r2 = 0.98; RMSEP = 2.7%) and FO (r2 = 0.76; RMSEP = 9.1%). This study demonstrates the potential use of Raman and IR spectroscopy to quantify adulterants present in KO.
Size–Pore-Dependent Methanol Sequestration from Water–Methanol Mixtures by an Embedded Graphene Slit
Authors: Bellido-Peralta Roger , Leoni Fabio , Calero Carles , Franzese Giancarlo
Published: April 2023

The separation of liquid mixture components is relevant to many applications—ranging from water purification to biofuel production—and is a growing concern related to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as “Clean water and Sanitation” and “Affordable and clean energy”. One promising technique is using graphene slit-pores as filters, or sponges, because the confinement potentially affects the properties of the mixture components in different ways, favoring their separation. However, no systematic study has shown how the size of a pore changes the thermodynamics of the surrounding mixture. Here, we focus on water–methanol mixtures and explore, using Molecular Dynamics simulations, the effects of a graphene pore, with size ranging from 6.5 to 13 Å, for three compositions: pure water, 90%–10%, and 75%–25% water–methanol. We show that tuning the pore size can change the mixture pressure, density and composition in bulk due to the size-dependent methanol sequestration within the pore. Our results can help in optimizing the graphene pore size for filtering applications.
Analysis and Modeling of No-Vent Filling Process for Liquid-Hydrogen Tank in Orbital Conditions
Authors: Ma Yuan , Zhang Yue , Luo Xiaozhong , Li Yanzhong , Xie Fushou
Published: April 2023

A four-node model is proposed to investigate the no-vent filling performance of liquid hydrogen (LH2) at microgravity. The no-vent filling method can directly prevent the influence of random gas–liquid distributions at microgravity, making it a good choice for cryogenic propellants to achieve orbital refueling. The typical phase distribution of the centrally located ullage was assumed and, in particular, the correlations for the boiling heat transfer of LH2 at microgravity were corrected in this model. After the accuracy of this model was effectively verified, the effects of different filling conditions, including the initial tank pressure, the initial temperature, and the temperature of the inlet liquid, were studied. The results showed that the initial pressure had a major influence on the initial pressure rise but only a slight influence on the final pressure development. A higher initial temperature would have led to an obvious increase in the tank pressure and an obvious decrease in the final filling level when reaching the upper pressure limit. Reducing the temperature of the inlet liquid has certain effects on the pressure control and the improvement of the final filling level. In conclusion, to achieve a higher filling level under a lower pressure level during the no-vent filling of LH2 at microgravity, sufficient pre-cooling of the filling system is required. Furthermore, appropriate evacuation of the receiver tank before filling and subcooling of the inlet liquid within an acceptable range of costs are both suggested. While the proposed model is less accurate than full-resolution CFD for the detailed evolution of physical fields, it offers much greater computational speed for quick parametric studies of key input conditions.
Recognition of Timestamps and Reconstruction of the Line of Organism Development
Authors: Kasperski Andrzej
Published: April 2023

In this work, an artificial neural network is used to recognize timestamps of evolution. Timestamps are associated with outliers determined during the recognition of the genome attractors of organisms. The aim of this work is to present a new method of penetrating deep into evolution using the recognized timestamps. To achieve this aim, the neural networks of different number of layers were implemented in order to check the influence of the number of layers on the visibility of the timestamps. Moreover, the teaching process was repeated 10 times for each implemented neural network. The recognition of each organism evolution was also repeated 10 times for each taught neural network to increase the reliability of the results. It is presented, among other findings, that during the recognition of the timestamps of evolution not only the number of homologous comparisons and the lengths of compared sequences are important but also the distribution of similarities between sequences. It is also presented that the recognized timestamps allow for travel between genome attractors and reconstruct the line of organism development from the most advanced to the most primitive organisms. The results were validated by determining timestamps for exemplary sets of organisms and also in relation to semihomology approach and by phylogenetic tree generation.
Fatigue Life and Crack Initiation in Monopile Foundation by Fatigue FE Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhen-Ming , Chang Kyong-Ho , Muzaffer Shazia , Hirohata Mikihito
Published: April 2023

The construction of new renewable energy infrastructures and the development of new ocean resources continues to proceed apace. In this regard, the increasing size and capacity of offshore wind turbines demands that the size of their accompanying supporting marine structures likewise increase. The types of marine structures utilized for these offshore applications include gravity base, monopile, jacket, and tripod structures. Of these four types, monopile structures are widely used, given that they are comparatively easy to construct and more economical than other structures. However, constant exposure to harsh cyclic environmental loads can cause material deterioration or the initiation of fatigue cracks, which can then lead to catastrophic failures. In this paper, a 3D fatigue finite element analysis was performed to predict both the fatigue life and the crack initiation of a welded monopile substructure. The whole analysis was undertaken in three steps. First, a 3D non-steady heat conduction analysis was used to calculate the thermal history. Second, a thermal load was induced, as an input in 3D elastoplastic analysis, in order to determine welding residual stresses and welding deformation. Finally, the plastic strain and residual stress were used as inputs in a 3D fatigue FE analysis in order to calculate fatigue crack initiation and fatigue life. The 3D fatigue finite element analysis was based on continuum damage mechanics (CDM) and elastoplastic constitutive equations. The results obtained from the 3D fatigue finite element analysis were compared with hot spot stresses and Det Norske Veritas (DNV-GL) standards.
Influence of Insulation Material Thickness on Spread of Thermal Runaway in Battery Packs
Authors: Bai Qinghua , Li Kuining , Zan Jianming , Liu Jian , Ou Junfeng , Liu Jiangyan
Published: April 2023

Thermal runaway occasionally happens in batteries. A single battery, after thermal runaway, will release heat and transfer it to neighboring batteries, leading to thermal runaway of battery packs. Thus, it is necessary to explore the diffusion law of thermal runaway in battery modules. Heating is by far the most common way to trigger thermal runaway propagation of battery modules. In this paper, experiments and simulations were conducted to explore the influence of different heat insulation thicknesses on the thermal propagation of lithium iron phosphate batteries, and the result shows that the best thickness between adjacent batteries is 2 mm. For complex modules, the simulation analysis shows that when the spacing between adjacent modules in the battery pack was 10 mm and thermal runaway occurred on one side of the battery pack, it did not occur on the other side for a certain period of time. Therefore, the recommended spacing between modules in the battery pack is 10 mm. This lays a foundation for the safe design of battery modules.
“We Need a Father and a Mother!” Rationalities around Filiation in the State: The Invisibility of LGBTIQ+ Families
Authors: Morrison Rodolfo , Moreno Yates Gabriela , Hormazábal Quiroz Jessica , Galdames Baumann Francisca , Olivares-Araya Pablo
Published: April 2023

Objective: This article has two objectives. The first is to describe the procedures, characteristics, and, above all, the rationalities present in three Chilean State institutions in matters of filiation. The second is to analyze how these rationalities impact families that are not represented in public policies, such as LGBTIQ+ families. Method: A documentary analysis was used. The analysis focused on official documents, freely accessible, from three public institutions, understood as local centers of experience. Specifically: (a) the Assisted Reproduction Program of the National Health Fund (FONASA); (b) the State Adoption Office “Mejor Niñez” [Better Childhood]; and (c) the Civil Registry. For the above, approaches to governmentality and post-structuralist analysis of public policies within a documentary analysis methodology were considered to be theoretical–conceptual supports. Results and analysis: The findings reveal a general lack of mention of LGBTIQ+ families and a heteronormative structure in the process of designing official documents from the State. This may exclude these families from public policies. Conclusions: It is concluded that a broader and more diverse understanding of the problems that the State should seek to represent would contribute to a greater representation of diversity in public policies.
Acute Effects of New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract on Cycling Time-Trial Are Performance Dependent in Endurance-Trained Cyclists: A Home-Based Study
Authors: Montanari Stefano , Blacker Sam D. , Willems Mark E. T.
Published: April 2023

The intake of anthocyanin-rich New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract (300 mg per day) over a week enhanced 16.1 km cycling time trial (TT) performance in endurance-trained cyclists without acute performance effects. In the present study, the acute effects of an intake of 900 mg of NZBC extract 2 h before performing the 16.1 km cycling TT were examined. A total of 34 cyclists (26 males; 8 females) (age: 38 ± 7 years, V˙O2max: 57 ± 5 mL·kg−1·min−1) completed 4 16.1 km TTs (2 familiarization and 2 experimental trials) over 4 mornings on a home turbo-trainer connected with the online training simulator ZWIFT. There was no difference in time to complete the 16.1 km TT between conditions (placebo: 1422 ± 104 s; NZBC extract: 1414 ± 93 s, p = 0.07). However, when participants were split between faster (<1400 s; 1 female; 16 males) and slower (>1400 s; 7 females; 10 males) cyclists based on average familiarization TTs, a difference in TT performance was observed only in the slower group (placebo: 1499 ± 91 s; NZBC extract: 1479 ± 83 s, p = 0.02). At 12 km (quartile analysis), power output (p = 0.04) and speed (p = 0.04) were higher compared to the placebo with no effects on heart rate and cadence. The acute effects of 900 mg of NZBC extract on a 16.1 km cycling time-trial may depend on the performance ability of male endurance-trained cyclists. More work is needed to address whether there is a sex-specific time-trial effect of NZBC extract independent of performance ability.
Evaluation of Risk Prediction with Hierarchical Data: Dependency Adjusted Confidence Intervals for the AUC
Authors: Bay Camden , Glynn Robert J , Seddon Johanna M , Lee Mei-Ling Ting , Rosner Bernard
Published: April 2023

The area under the true ROC curve (AUC) is routinely used to determine how strongly a given model discriminates between the levels of a binary outcome. Standard inference with the AUC requires that outcomes be independent of each other. To overcome this limitation, a method was developed for the estimation of the variance of the AUC in the setting of two-level hierarchical data using probit-transformed prediction scores generated from generalized estimating equation models, thereby allowing for the application of inferential methods. This manuscript presents an extension of this approach so that inference for the AUC may be performed in a three-level hierarchical data setting (e.g., eyes nested within persons and persons nested within families). A method that accounts for the effect of tied prediction scores on inference is also described. The performance of 95% confidence intervals around the AUC was assessed through the simulation of three-level clustered data in multiple settings, including ones with tied data and variable cluster sizes. Across all settings, the actual 95% confidence interval coverage varied from 0.943 to 0.958, and the ratio of the theoretical variance to the empirical variance of the AUC varied from 0.920 to 1.013. The results are better than those from existing methods. Two examples of applying the proposed methodology are presented.
A Systematic Review of Risk Management Methodologies for Complex Organizations in Industry 4.0 and 5.0
Authors: Barraza de la Paz Juan Vicente , Rodríguez-Picón Luis Alberto , Morales-Rocha Víctor , Torres-Argüelles Soledad Vianey
Published: April 2023

The large amount of information handled by organizations has increased their dependance on information technologies, which has made information security management a complex task. This is mainly because they cover areas such as physical and environmental security, organization structure, human resources and the technologies used. Information security frameworks can minimize the complexity through the different documents that contain guidelines, standards, and requirements to establish the procedures, policies, and processes for every organization. However, the selection of an appropriate framework is by itself a critical and important task, as the framework must adapt to the characteristics of an organization. In this paper, a general vision of the newest versions of the NIST CSF, ISO/IEC 27001:2022, and MAGERIT frameworks is provided by comparing their characteristics in terms of their approaches to the identification, assessment, and treatment of risks. Furthermore, their key characteristics are analyzed and discussed, which should facilitate the consideration of any of these frameworks for the risk management of complex manufacturing organizations.
What Makes a Pedestrian Path Pleasant? Analysis of Young Pedestrians’ Perceptions
Authors: Forciniti Carmen , Eboli Laura
Published: April 2023

In this paper, an analysis of the pedestrian environment based on users’ perceptions is proposed. The specific aim of the study is to discover the aspects mostly influencing the pleasantness of a path in a university campus situated in southern Italy and used by young pedestrians every day to reach various destinations for their university activities. The work is based on data collected by a sample survey and analyzed through a two-step methodology consisting of the application of a Chi-square test and a development of an ordered logit (OL) model. The model results reveal which aspects affect path pleasantness. The specific finding suggests that these aspects relate to the presence of buildings with good facades along the path and to the continuity of the path. As a general and highly relevant finding, we can state that the applied methodology could be very useful in identifying the path characteristics that can be considered as the most important for pedestrians. This identification could support practitioners to plan new strategies and future interventions to improve the pedestrian environment and increase the sense of pleasure perceived by pedestrians.
Aleksandr Grigoryeviç Bessonov ve Başkurt Masal Araştırmaları
Authors: DURANLI Muvaffak , KUZAY DEMİR Gonca
Published: April 2023

Sözlü kültür geleneğinin anlatmaya dayalı türleri içerisinde yer alan masallar, dünya milletlerinde olduğu gibi Türklerin de önemli kültürel miraslarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Avrupa’da halk bilimi çalışmalarının başlama tarihiyle eş zamanlı bir var oluş gösteren masal araştırma ve inceleme tarihi, Türk toplulukları özelinde değerlendirildiğinde 19. yüzyılın sonu ve 20. yüzyılın başlarında daha ziyade metin derlemeleriyle başlamış, ancak 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren inceleme çalışmalarına dönüşmüştür. Türk topluluklarının masal araştırmalarının başlangıcında özellikle Rus araştırmacıların büyük katkısı olmuştur. Bu araştırmacılardan biri de Aleksandr Grigoryeviç Bessonov’dur. Türk topluluklarının dil ve kültür ürünleri üzerine yapmış olduğu çalışmalarla dikkat çeken A. G. Bessonov, özellikle de Başkurt masallarının derlenmesi ve yayımlanmasında büyük bir yere sahiptir. Bu makalede; öncelikle A. G. Bessonov’un hayatı hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Daha sonra Bessonov’un Başkurtların dili, alfabesi ve masalları üzerine yapmış olduğu çalışmalar üzerinde durulacaktır. Bessonov’un özellikle Başkurt masalları üzerine yapmış olduğu çalışmasının masal araştırmaları tarihindeki yeri ve önemi değerlendirilecektir. Makalede, Bessonov’un çalışmasının yayımlanmasını sağlayan Nikolay Dmitriyev’e de yer verilecektir.
Abdullah Cevdet’in “Dilmestî-i Mevlânâ”sı Üzerine
Authors: YILDIRIM Yusuf
Published: April 2023

Abdullah Cevdet son dönem Osmanlı aydını ve siyaset adamıdır. Doktor, şair ve feylesof sıfatlarıyla tanınan Abdullah Cevdet daha çok Batılı filozoflardan edindiği bir takım materyalist düşünceleri, yayımladığı yazılarla Osmanlı topraklarında yayması dolayısıyla dindar insanların samimi duygularını rencide eden bir yazar olarak tanınmıştır. Bu yüzden sürekli dinsizlikle suçlanmış, cenaze namazının kılınması bile uygun görülmemiştir. Osmanlının son dönemlerinde ortaya çıkan Batıcılık akımının en önde gelen temsilcisidir. Fikirleriyle meşrutiyet düşüncesine yön vermiştir. Shakespeare, Byron, Schiller gibi Batılı yazarlardan Sa’dî, Ömer Hayyam ve Mevlânâ’ya uzanan geniş bir alanda tercümeler yaptı. Yazılarının birçoğu kışkırtıcı, eleştirel yazılardı. Dozy’nin İslam’ı ve Hz. Peygamber’i eleştiren kitabını Târîh-i İslamiyye adıyla Türkçeye tercümesi ağır eleştirilere maruz kaldı. Abdullah Cevdet Dilmestî-i Mevlânâ isimli eserinde Mevlânâ’dan seçtiği birtakım şiirleri Türkçeye uyarladı. Sözde “Mevlânâ hayranlığı” ile kaleme aldığı bu kitapta sufî bir şahsiyet ve bir İslâm âlimi olan Mevlânâ’dan ziyade Abdullah Cevdet’in zihninde tezahür eden Mevlânâ ortaya çıkar. Bu makalede söz konusu eserin ortaya çıkış macerası ve eserin muhtevasına dair bir inceleme yürütülmüştür.
Aşk Yolunun “Hâr u Has”ı: Fuzulî ve Hâfız Divanlarında Ferhad, Mecnun ve Vamık
Authors: AKÇAY Ülkü
Published: April 2023

Âşık, sevgili ve rakip, klasik Türk edebiyatı eserlerinde ekseriya karşılaşılan tiplerdendir. Bu üç şahsiyet üzerinden zengin hayaller kuran divan şairleri genellikle âşığın sesi olarak, rakiple hoş sohbet olan ve kendisine iltifat etmeyen sevgiliye sitem ederler. Klasik edebiyatta âşık, sevgilinin zulmüne uğrayan, ondan bir karşılık görmediği gibi cefalarına katlanmak zorunda kalan ve çektikleri tüm eziyetlere rağmen aşkında sadık olan, günden güne hisleri kuvvetlenen ve sevgiliye kavuşma arzusunda olan bir şahsiyet olarak resmedilir. Şairler türlü ezalara maruz kalan âşığın aşkının şiddetini ve emsalsizliğini sevgiliye göstermek amacıyla çeşitli benzetmelerden faydalanırlar. Bu noktada âşık ile bütünleşen şairlerin şiirlerinde başvurdukları yollardan biri âşıklık hâllerini meşhur âşıklara benzetmek yahut kendi aşklarını onlarınkiyle kıyaslamak olur. Leylâ vü Mecnûn, Yûsuf u Züleyhâ, Hüsrev ü Şîrîn/Ferhâd u Şîrîn, Vâmık u Azrâ gibi Arap veya Fars edebiyatı kökenli çift kahramanlı aşk mesnevilerinin kahramanları bu karşılaştırma için tercih edilen şahsiyetlerin başında gelir. Bu hususta Fuzulî ve Hâfız da ünlü aşk mesnevisi kahramanlarını gazellerinde anarlar. Şairler, aşkı için Bisütun Dağı’nı delen Ferhad, aşkından çöllere düşerek vahşi hayvanlara yoldaş olan Mecnun ve Azra’ya kavuşmak için türlü mücadeleler veren Vamık gibi âşıklık makamının önde gelen temsilcileri aracılığıyla kendi aşklarının mertebesini ortaya koymak ve böylelikle aşk yolunda ne kadar mesafe kat ettiklerini göstermek niyetindedirler.
Çağatayca Bir Fütüvvet-nâme Risalesi
Authors: YÜRÜMEZ Recep
Published: April 2023

Öz
Arapça fetâ kelimesinden türetilmiş olan fütüvvet; yiğitlik, cömertlik, gençlik, kahramanlık anlamlarına gelmektedir. Fütüvvet terimi zaman içerisinde anlam değişikliklerine uğramış, tasavvufta yer edinerek ilerleyen zamanlarda gelenek, göreneklerin, dinî törenlerin ve meslek risalelerinin yazıldığı fütüvvet-nâmeler bir tür olarak edebiyatta önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. Söz konusu terim, Türk dünyasında ise ilk kez Horasan bölgesinde kullanılmış olmakla birlikte Anadolu coğrafyasında bu alanda yazılmış olan eserler Ahilik Teşkilatı ve loncaların kurulması, işletilmesinde kılavuzluk görevi üstlenmiştir. Araştırmada incelenmiş olan fütüvvet-nâme adlı el yazması, klasik sonrası Çağatay Türkçesi ile yazılmış bir risaledir. Kırgızistan’dan temin edilen risalenin tamamı 24 varaktan müteşekkildir ve ilk 18 varaklık kısmı incelememize konu olmuştur. Konu olarak bir kısmı çoban-nâme bir kısmı ise dua-nâme olan el yazmasında yazar ve yazıldığı tarih ile ilgili herhangi bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Çalışmada metnin çeviri yazısı, ses bilgisi, şekil bilgisi incelemesi yapılmış, gerekli görülen yerlerde açıklamalara da yer verilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi tekniğiyle ele alınmış olan çalışmanın amacı özellikle klasik sonrası Çağatay Türkçesiyle ilgili yapılan çalışmaların, geçiş dönemi eserleri olmaları hasebiyle hem Çağatay Türkçesi hem de modern Türk lehçelerinin araştırmacılarına önemli dil materyalleri sunmalarıdır.
Learning Rat-Like Behavioral Interaction Using a Small-Scale Robotic Rat
Authors: Xie Hongzhao , Gao Zihang , Jia Guanglu , Shimoda Shingo , Shi Qing
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we propose a novel method for emulating rat-like behavioral interactions in robots using reinforcement learning. Specifically, we develop a state decision method to optimize the interaction process among 6 known behavior types that have been identified in previous research on rat interactions. The novelty of our method lies in using the temporal difference (TD) algorithm to optimize the state decision process, which enables the robots to make informed decisions about their behavior choices. To assess the similarity between robot and rat behavior, we use Pearson correlation. We then use TD-
λ
to update the state value function and make state decisions based on probability. The robots execute these decisions using our dynamics-based controller. Our results demonstrate that our method can generate rat-like behaviors on both short- and long-term timescales, with interaction information entropy comparable to that between real rats. Overall, our approach shows promise for controlling robots in robot–rat interactions and highlights the potential of using reinforcement learning to develop more sophisticated robotic systems.
حق الاضراب لموظفي الدولة والقطاع الخاص في التشريع العراقي
Authors: سالم مصطفى
Published: April 2023

إذا كان للموظف العام له الحق مثله مثل باقي المواطنين في ممارسة الحريات التي كفلها الدستور بصفة عامة والسياسية منها بصفة خاصة. فقد كفلت له هذا الحق اغلب الدساتير والتشريعات ووضع له من الضمانات ما يساعده على ممارسة هذه الحرية، بحيث لا تكون أرائه السياسية والتعبير عنها بمظاهرها المختلفة عقبة في سبيل حصوله على حقوقه وامتيازاته التي تقررها النظم الوظيفية.

 فقد نصت ونظمت غالبية الدساتير الحقوق والحريات العامة فيها ومنها الحق في الإضراب باعتباره أحد وسائل التعبير عن الرأي، يلجأ اليه موظفو الدولة العموميين، أو العمال في قانون العمل بغية تحسين ظروف عملهم وتحقيق المطالب المهنية المشروعة مع استمرار عمل المرفق العام.  إلا أن صفته كموظف العام تفرض عليه بعض القيود في ممارسته للحريات السياسية ومنها حق الاضراب لتقاطعه مع مبدأ استمرار سير المرافق العامة بانتظام واضطراد والتي تحكم عمل المرافق العامة في اشباع الحاجات العامة للأفراد. اباحه المشرع العراقي لعمال القطاع الخاص دون موظفي الدولة والقطاع العام على الرغم من ان المشرع اعتبره أحد وسائل التعبير عن الرأي.

وقد قسمنا بحثنا الى ثلاث مباحث. الأول بعنوان ماهية الاضراب، والثاني بعنوان الطبيعة القانونية للأضراب وصوره ومشروعيته، والثالث بعنوان ضوابط وقيود ممارسة حق الاضراب والاثار المترتبة عليه. وتوصلنا الى ان الاضراب ليس حقا مطلقا من كل قيد، بل يخضع لضوابط وقيود تكفل ممارسته وفق النظام العام، والتوصية بسرعة تشريع قانون الاضراب لموظفي الدولة والقطاع العام اسوة بالقطاع الخاص
تجريم الكسب غير المشروع في التشريع الفلسطيني بين الشرعية الدستورية والضرورة الإجرائية
Authors: الأشقر احمد , الاطرش عصام
Published: April 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة التعرف على مدى دستورية إثبات جريمة الكسب غير المشروع، وذلك بشأن نقل عبء الإثبات إلى عاتق المتهم وانتهاكها لافتراض براءة المتهم، وقد توصلت الدراسة بأن تجريم الكسب غير المشروع وفقاً للمشرع الفلسطيني والأردني غير دستوري، لأنها تعد نقلا لعبء الإثبات إلى عاتق المتهم مما يشكل انتهاكا لمبدأ دستوري وهو افتراض براءة المتهم، خلافا للمشرع الكويتي الذي لم يقم بنقل عبء الإثبات في جرائم الكسب غير المشروع، وأن إثبات جرائم الكسب غير المشروع وفقاً للمشرع الفلسطيني والأردني يرتبط بصورتين هما، الاستغلال الفعلي والاستغلال الحكمي أو المفترض، في حين أن المشرع الكويتي قد اقتصر إثبات جرائم الكسب غير المشروع في صورة واحدة فقط وهي الاستغلال الحكمي أو المفترض، وقد توصلت الدراسة لمجموعة من التوصيات بإجراء تعديل على نص المادة 3 من القرار بقانون رقم 37 لسنة 2018 بشأن تعديل قانون مكافحة الفساد رقم 1 لسنة 2005 بأن يكون عبء الإثبات في جرائم الكسب غير المشروع منوطاً بسلطة الاتهام وفقاً للقواعد العامة
خصوصية عقد التأمين للسيارات ذاتية القيادة
Authors: السعيدي لبنى
Published: April 2023

بدأت التطورات في تكنولوجيا السِيارات ذاتية القيادة بالفعل في تعطيل اعتبارات تصنيع السِيارات والتأمين عليها، وبالمثل ظهرت أسئلة جديدة لاسيما إذا علمنا أن اضرارها قد تكون تقنية، لذا فأن الخطأ التكنولوجي قد يحتاج أيضًا إلى النظر فيه مع خطأ السائق، لذا بدأت هذه الظواهر في إثارة أفكار جديدة حول من يتحمل الخطر وكيف يقع التأمين، ومدى المساس بالبيانات الشّخصية عند الاطلاع عليها من لدن شركات التامين.
الاطار التشريعي لمنح التزامات المرفق العام
Authors: محمد علي ماردين , حمد مريوان
Published: April 2023

كانت عقود الأشغال العامة وعقود الإلتزام (الامتياز) تعد حلقة وصل بين القطاع العام والخاص لعقود طويلة،  وقد نجد تشجيعا دولي على إعتبارها وسيلة إقتصادية وقانونية ناجعة في تقديم الخدمات العامة ، يحول دون اللجوء الى الاقتراض، مع الاسف أن الفقه العراقي والعربي لازال متأثرا بإتفاقيات الامتيازات النفطية في كتاباته البحثية في شأن عقود الالتزام، ودرسنا بشكل مفصل الآلية القانونية التي تمنح بها التزامات المرفق العام واستغلال الثروات الطبيعية في فرنسا كذلك عرجنا على موقف التشريعات المصرية ركزنا على القانون الدستوري الذي يوضح مجملا الالية المعمول بها ومن ثم بينا موقف المشرع العراقي .
Efektifitas Penambahan Semen Pada Stabilitas Tanah Lokal Samarinda
Authors: Syahrul Syahrul -
Published: April 2023

Soil stability is the mixing of soil with certain materials, in order to improve the mechanical properties of the soil in order to meet technical requirements, cement stability aims to reduce shrinkage properties and high soil plasticity so as to increase the bearing capacity of the soil. The laboratory test parameters include testing the physical properties of the soil and the mechanical properties of the soil using type I cement with variations in the cement content of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the percentage addition of cement, laboratory tests stated the effectiveness of stabilizing the addition of cement was 10% with the results of the free compression test of 5.446 kg/cm2 on the unconditioned sample, and 4.76 kg/cm2 of the conditioned for 3 days, the test results CBR was 145.38% without conditioned, and conditioned for 3 days was 141.96%.