bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAR knockout significantly inhibits Chilo suppressalis survival and transgene expression of double‐stranded FAR in rice exhibits strong pest resistance
Authors: Sun Yingjuan , Gong Youwei , He Qingzhen , Kuang Suijie , Gao Qiao , Ding Wenbing , He Hualiang , Xue Jin , Li Youzhi , Qiu Lin
Published: August 2022

Chilo suppressalis is one of the most prevalent and damaging rice pests, causing significant economic losses each year. Chemical control is currently the primary method of controlling C. suppressalis. However, the indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides increases pest resistance, pollutes the environment and poses a significant health threat to humans and livestock, highlighting the need to find safer, more pest‐specific and more effective alternatives to pest control. Plant‐mediated RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising agricultural pest control method that is highly pest‐specific and has less of an impact on the environment. Using multi‐sgRNAs/Cas9 technology to delete Fatty acyl‐CoA reductase (FAR) of C. suppressalis in the G0 generation, we show that downregulating FAR transcription may significantly increase the mortality rate and darken the epidermis of C. suppressalis compared with the control. Subsequently, we developed dsFAR transgenic rice lines using Agrobacterium‐mediated genetic transformation and then screened three strains expressing dsFAR at high levels using transcriptional level analysis. Using transgenic rice stems, a laboratory feeding bioassay indicated that at least one line (L#10) displayed a particularly high level of insect resistance, with an insect mortality rate of more than 80%. In the field trials, dsFAR transgenic rice displayed high levels of resistance to C. suppressalis damage. Collectively, these results suggest the potential of a new environment‐friendly, species‐specific strategy for rice pest management.
Elevated [CO2] raises the temperature optimum of photosynthesis and thus promotes net photosynthesis of winter wheat and rice
Authors: Lv Chunhua , Huang Yao , Sun Wenjuan , Yu Lingfei , Hu Zhenghua
Published: August 2022

Atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) has increased by 49% since the pre‐industrial era, and this increase will continue. Photosynthesis has long been recognized as one of the most temperature‐sensitive processes, while far less is known about how elevated [CO2] (e[CO2]) affect crop photosynthesis response to short‐term temperature increase. To reveal the effect, we measured gas exchange of winter wheat and rice with various leaf temperatures (TL) under different [CO2] conditions (ambient, +120 μmol mol−1 in wheat, +160 μmol mol−1 in rice, and +200 μmol mol−1 in both) using open‐top chamber facility. Analysis of the measurements showed that e[CO2] generally increased net photosynthesis (Pn) by 10–40% across various TL at different developmental stages. The temperature sensitivity of Pn was negatively correlated with TL. Elevated [CO2] raised the temperature optimum (Topt) of Pn by 1.8–5.6°C for wheat and 2.2–4.8°C for rice, resulting in a wider range of TL that can promote Pn. The responses of stomatal conductance, the maximum rate of carboxylation and the ratio of intercellular to growth environment [CO2] to Topt are not only crop‐specific but also stage‐dependent. Furthermore, there is a divergence in the relationships between photosynthetic parameters for wheat and rice at Topt. We conclude that e[CO2] raises Topt of leaf photosynthesis and thus promotes Pn of winter wheat and rice in a humid subtropical climate. Further research on the coordination of leaf hydraulic and photosynthetic parameters in upland wheat and irrigated rice, as well as their response to e[CO2] should be made in the context of climate change.
Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, disasters, demandingness, and arbitrary distinctions
Authors: Woollard Fiona
Published: August 2022

According to Brad Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, as well as ordinary moral prohibitions against lying, stealing, killing, and harming others, the optimific code will include an over‐riding “prevent disaster clause”. This paper explores two issues related to the disaster clause. The first issue is whether the disaster clause is vague—and whether this is a problem for rule‐consequentialism. I argue that on Hooker's rule‐consequentialism, there will be cases where it is indeterminate whether a given outcome counts as a disaster such that it is permissible to infringe a given prohibition to avoid that outcome. I argue that it counts in favour of Hooker's rule‐consequentialism that it makes this space for vagueness. The second issue is how to understand the disaster clause so that it does not make rule‐consequentialism intolerably demanding—and more particularly whether avoiding over‐demandingness requires the rule‐consequentialist to place a counterintuitive limit on requirements to aid. I will argue that rule‐consequentialism can avoid over‐demandingness without placing a counterintuitive limit on requirements to aid.
Agricultural labor markets and the inverse plot size–productivity relationship: Evidence from China's apple growers
Authors: Li Xingguang , Huo Xuexi
Published: August 2022

The size–productivity relationship and the reasons for the relationship had puzzled researchers and policymakers for decades. As rural internal labor markets had gradually developed in China, influencing mechanisms of agricultural labor markets on land size–productivity relationship were worth being deeply analyzed. Two main contributions to the existing literature were that: (1) owing to the labor‐intensive production characteristics, better‐developed rural internal labor markets, and fewer measure errors in self‐reported plot size and production, apple growers were used to analyze the plot size–productivity relationship and the reasons for the relationship in rural China for the first time; (2) the household fixed‐effect model was used to remove the impacts of household‐level unobservable variables, and positive impact of labor input on agricultural productivity was analyzed. The empirical results from 1163 plot‐level data indicated that: (1) when labor input was not included, the inverse plot size–productivity relationship was robust for apple growers; (2) agricultural labor input was a key reason for the inverse plot size–agricultural productivity relationship; (3) transaction costs of participating in agricultural labor markets influenced the inverse plot size–productivity relationship by changing the amount of labor input. This line of study was conducive to improving the efficiency of rural internal labor markets and increasing agricultural productivity.
Panoramic radiographs and dental patients with Down syndrome: A scoping review
Authors: Scott Antonia M. , Reed Warren M. , Ajwani Shilpi , Parmenter Trevor R.
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Life expectancy for people with Down syndrome (DS) has increased to 60 years, although poor oral health affects their quality of life. Panoramic radiographs (PRs) are usually well‐tolerated by people with DS and can provide valuable diagnostic data for treatment planning and research. Methods A scoping review of peer‐reviewed articles published between 1971and 2021 was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews to determine the scope of use of PRs for people with DS.

Results

937 papers were screened, and 52 papers were included and charted into seven categories in this review. A high prevalence of tooth agenesis (TA) and other anomalies were reported in 45% of papers. Severe periodontal disease was considered characteristic of DS in the 1970s–80s and the benefit of time‐consuming treatment was questioned. Since 2000 case reports illustrate that improved oral care, orthodontic treatment, and dental implants under local or general anaesthetic can improve the quality of life for people with DS.

Conclusion

PRs play an important role in the diagnosis of anomalies, periodontal disease, and implant planning for patients with DS. This review highlights the gaps in research of caries, pathology, TMJ, systemic disease indicators, and guidelines for dentists. Systematic PR viewing, with a knowledge of characteristic features of DS, will assist diagnosis of pathology and improve comprehensive dental care treatment planning for children and adults with DS.
OsSGT1 promotes melatonin‐ameliorated seed tolerance to chromium stress by affecting the OsABI5–OsAPX1 transcriptional module in rice
Authors: Li Ruiqing , Zheng Wenying , Yang Ruifang , Hu Qunwen , Ma Liangyong , Zhang Huali
Published: August 2022

Chromium (Cr) pollution threatens plant development and growth. Application of melatonin (Mel) is emerging as an effective ally to resist stress, but how Mel ameliorates seed germination upon exposure to heavy metals is poorly understood. Here, we found (i) that seed priming with Mel considerably alleviated Cr stress during rice (Oryza sativa) seed germination and (ii) that germination performance was significantly improved in suppressor of the G2 allele of skp1 (OsSGT1) overexpression lines, while mutations of OsSGT1 and/or abscisic acid‐insensitive 5 (OsABI5) noticeably abrogated such Mel‐induced tolerance to Cr. Complementation assays suggested that the restored expression of OsSGT1 could not rescue the weak germination of sgt1‐1abi5 under Cr stress, even upon Mel priming, but the expression of OsABI5 driven by the promoter of OsSGT1 significantly restored the Mel‐ameliorated germination and the expression of ascorbate peroxidase 1 (OsAPX1) in sgt1‐1abi5. Further analysis indicated that OsABI5 directly regulated the transcriptional expression of OsAPX1, whose encoding products promoted H2O2 scavenging to maintain redox homeostasis, which is essential for germination. Collectively, this work demonstrates that OsSGT1 regulates OsABI5 to target OsAPX1, mediating the stimulatory effects of Mel on germination of Cr‐stressed seeds, which provides a guide for the application of Mel in rice production.
The (non) accuracy of mitochondrial genomes for family‐level phylogenetics in Erebidae (Lepidoptera)
Authors: Ghanavi Hamid Reza , Twort Victoria , Hartman Tobias Joannes , Zahiri Reza , Wahlberg Niklas
Published: August 2022

The use of molecular data to study the evolutionary history of organisms has revolutionized the field of systematics. Now with the appearance of high throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies, more and more genetic sequence data are available. One of the important sources of genetic data for phylogenetic analyses has been mitochondrial DNA. The limitations of mitochondrial DNA for the study of phylogenetic relationships have been thoroughly explored in the age of single locus phylogenetic studies. Now with the appearance of genomic scale data, increasing number of mitochondrial genomes are available, leading to an increasing number of mitophylogenomic studies. Here, we assemble 47 mitochondrial genomes using whole genome Illumina short reads from representatives of the family Erebidae (Lepidoptera), in order to evaluate the accuracy of mitochondrial genome application in resolving deep phylogenetic relationships. We find that mitogenomes are inadequate for resolving subfamily‐level relationships in Erebidae, but given good taxon sampling, we see its potential in resolving lower level phylogenetic relationships.
Gas Turbine Compressor Washing Economics and Optimization Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Musa Gali , Igie Uyioghosa , Di Lorenzo Giuseppina , Alrashed Mosab , Navaratne Rukshan
Published: August 2022

Studies have shown that online compressor washing of gas turbine engines slows down the rate of fouling deterioration during operation. However, for most operators, there is a balancing between the performance improvements obtained and the investment (capital and recurring cost). Washing the engine more frequently to keep the capacity high is a consideration. However, this needs to be addressed with expenditure over the life of the washing equipment rather than a simple cost-benefit analysis. The work presented here is a viability study of online compressor washing for 17 gas turbine engines ranging from 5.3 to 307 MW. It considers the nonlinear cost of the washing equipment related to size categories, as well as nonlinear washing liquid consumption related to the variations in engine mass flows. Importantly, the respective electricity break-even selling price of the respective engines was considered. The results show that for the largest engine, the return of investment (RoI) is 520% and the dynamic payback time of 0.19 years when washing every 72 h. When this is less frequent at a 480-h interval, the investment return and payback are 462% and 0.22 years. The optimization study using a multi-objective genetic algorithm shows that the optimal washing is rather a 95-h interval. For the smallest engine, the investment was the least viable for this type of application.
CD8 T cells contribute to vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in macaques
Authors: Liu Jinyan , Yu Jingyou , McMahan Katherine , Jacob-Dolan Catherine , He Xuan , Giffin Victoria , Wu Cindy , Sciacca Michaela , Powers Olivia , Nampanya Felix , Miller Jessica , Lifton Michelle , Hope David , Hall Kevin , Hachmann Nicole P. , Chung Benjamin , Anioke Tochi , Li Wenjun , Muench Jeanne , Gamblin Adrienne , Boursiquot Mona , Cook Anthony , Lewis Mark G. , Andersen Hanne , Barouch Dan H.
Published: August 2022

Spike-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are generally considered key correlates of vaccine protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Recently, robust vaccine prevention of severe disease with SARS-CoV-2 variants that largely escape NAb responses has been reported, suggesting a role for other immune parameters for virologic control. However, direct data demonstrating a role of CD8
+
T cells in vaccine protection have not yet been reported. In this study, we show that vaccine-elicited CD8
+
T cells contribute substantially to virologic control after SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. We vaccinated 30 macaques with a single immunization of the adenovirus vector–based vaccine Ad26.COV2.S or sham and then challenged them with 5 × 10
5
median tissue culture infectious dose SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) by the intranasal and intratracheal routes. All vaccinated animals were infected by this high-dose challenge but showed rapid virologic control in nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage by day 4 after challenge. However, administration of an anti-CD8α– or anti-CD8β–depleting monoclonal antibody in vaccinated animals before SARS-CoV-2 challenge resulted in higher levels of peak and day 4 virus in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. These data demonstrate that CD8
+
T cells contribute substantially to vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 replication in macaques.
A genetic platform for functionally profiling odorant receptors in olfactory cilia ex vivo
Authors: Omura Masayo , Takabatake Yukie , Lempert Eugene , Benjamin-Hong Sigi , D’Hulst Charlotte , Feinstein Paul
Published: August 2022

The molecular basis for odor perception in humans remains enigmatic because of the difficulty in studying odorant receptors (ORs) outside their native environment. Efforts toward OR expression and functional profiling have been met with limited success because of the poor efficiency of their cell surface expression in vitro. Structures protruding from the surface of olfactory sensory neurons called cilia contain all of the components of the olfactory signal transduction machinery and can be placed in an ex vivo plate assay to rapidly measure odor-specific responses. Here, we describe an approach using cilia isolated from the olfactory sensory neurons of mice expressing two human ORs, OR1A1 and OR5AN1, that showed 10- to 100-fold more sensitivity to ligands as compared to previous assays. A single mouse can produce enough olfactory cilia for up to 4000 384-well assay wells, and isolated cilia can be stored frozen and thus preserved. This pipeline offers a sensitive and highly scalable ex vivo odor-screening platform that has the potential to decode human olfaction.
Modulation of the Specificity of Carbapenems and Diazabicyclooctanes for Selective Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Barnier Jean-Philippe , Saidjalolov Saidbakhrom , Bouchet Flavie , Mayer Louis , Edoo Zainab , Sayah Inès , Iannazzo Laura , Ethève-Quelquejeu Mélanie , Mainardi Jean-Luc , Braud Emmanuelle , Arthur Michel
Published: August 2022

Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis with combinations of carbapenems and β-lactamase inhibitors carries risks for dysbiosis and for the development of resistances in the intestinal microbiota. Using
Escherichia coli
producing carbapenemase KPC-2 as a model, we show that carbapenems can be modified to obtain drugs that are inactive against
E. coli
but retain antitubercular activity.
MraZ Transcriptionally Controls the Critical Level of FtsL Required for Focusing Z-Rings and Kickstarting Septation in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: White Maria L. , Hough-Neidig Abigail , Khan Sebastian J. , Eswara Prahathees J.
Published: August 2022

MraZ is a highly conserved protein found in a diverse range of bacteria, including genome-reduced
Mycoplasma
. We investigated the role of MraZ in
Bacillus subtilis
and found that overproduction of MraZ is toxic due to cell division inhibition.
A Dynamic Interplay of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles and Galectin-1 Reprograms Viral Latency during HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Rubione Julia , Pérez Paula S. , Czernikier Alejandro , Duette Gabriel A. , Pereyra Gerber Federico Pehuen , Salido Jimena , Fabiano Martina P. , Ghiglione Yanina , Turk Gabriela , Laufer Natalia , Cagnoni Alejandro J. , Pérez Sáez Juan M. , Merlo Joaquín P. , Pascuale Carla , Stupirski Juan C. , Sued Omar , Varas-Godoy Manuel , Lewin Sharon R. , Mariño Karina V. , Rabinovich Gabriel A. , Ostrowski Matías
Published: August 2022

Antiretroviral therapy has led to a dramatic reduction in HIV-related morbidity and mortality. However, cART does not eradicate the virus, which persists in resting CD4+T cells as the main viral reservoir, consequently requiring lifelong treatment.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron on Rapid Antigen Testing Developed for Early-Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Leuzinger Karoline , Roloff Tim , Egli Adrian , Hirsch Hans H.
Published: August 2022

Antigen tests are widely used for rapid identification of SCoV2-positive cases and their increased risk of transmission. At present, there are several FDA- and CE-cleared tests available in North America and Europe.
Quantitative B and T cell abnormalities in four patients presenting with mucormycosis and prior asymptomatic COVID-19 infection
Authors: Mandke Charuta , Divekar Rohit , Pradhan Vandana , Arora Shitij
Published: August 2022

India saw an unprecedented and rapid rise of invasive coronavirus-associated mucormycosis (CAM) during the delta COVID-19 surge. There is little known about the pathophysiology and if there is a direct causation between the COVID-19 infection and invasive CAM. While the traditional risk factors such as uncontrolled diabetes and other immunocompromising conditions are recognised, there could be several COVID-19-induced phenomena that may predispose the patients to develop CAM and are yet unrecognised. It has been proposed that prior severe COVID-19 is associated with invasive CAM. This could be due to the increased use of immunomodulators or the direct effects of the COVID-19 infection. We report four patients with CAM during the delta surge who did not have prior known COVID-19 infection but on subsequent testing had positive antibodies suggesting past asymptomatic infection. We report the quantitative abnormalities in lymphocyte subsets in all four patients and report CD19+ B cell lymphopenia and reduced percentage of CD27+ CD45RA+ naïve helper T cells. CAM may occur in patients after asymptomatic COVID-19 infection, in the absence of systemic corticosteroid and immunomodulator use, and may reflect underlying immune abnormalities possibly attributable to or unmasked by prior COVID-19 infection.
An alternative formalism for modeling spin
Authors: Powers Sam , Stojkovic Dejan
Published: August 2022

We present an alternative formalism for modeling spin. The ontological elements of this formalism are base-2 sequences of length n. The machinery necessary to model physics is then developed by considering correlations between base-2 sequences. Upon choosing a reference base-2 sequence, a relational system of numbers can be defined, which we interpret as quantum numbers. Based on the properties of these relational quantum numbers, the selection rules governing interacting spin systems are derived from first principles. A tool for calculating the associated probabilities, which are the squared Clebsch–Gordan coefficients in quantum mechanics, is also presented. The resulting model offers a vivid information theoretic picture of spin and interacting spin systems. Importantly, this model is developed without making any assumptions about the nature of space-time, which presents an interesting opportunity to study emergent space-time models.
Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide and its Composites
Authors: Parkash Anand , Solangi Nizamuddin , Solangi Sorath , Larik Rimsha , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Raj
Published: August 2022

The chemical approach synthesis of graphene oxide easily with four to five layers. Pt nanoparticles are anchored to graphene oxides by lattice defects and functional groups like carbonyls, epoxides, hydroxyls, etc. The electrical characteristics of these graphene oxide sheets were enhanced. The shape and physical properties of these graphene materials are comparable, but because of variations in the number of oxygen functions, significant changes in electrical conductivity, graphitization, and stability have been seen.
Signaling through Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 Attenuates Cardiometabolic Disease
Authors: O’Connell Timothy D. , Murphy Katherine A. , Zhang Naixin , Puccini Sara J. , Healy Chastity L. , Harsch Brian A. , Zhang Michael J. , Shearer Gregory C.
Published: August 2022

A surge in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, which promote systemic inflammation, underlies an increase in cardiometabolic disease. Free fatty acid receptor 4 is a nutrient sensor for long-chain fatty acids, like ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3-PUFAs), that attenuates metabolic disease and resolves inflammation. Clinical trials indicate ω3-PUFAs are cardioprotective, and this review discusses the mechanistic links between ω3-PUFAs, free fatty acid receptor 4, and attenuation of cardiometabolic disease.
Clinical Effects of Primary Nursing on Diabetic Nephropathy Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis and Its Impact on the Inflammatory Responses
Authors: Guo Yujuan , Song Qi , Cui Yuhong , Wang Caihong
Published: August 2022

Objective. To assess the clinical effects of primary nursing on diabetic nephropathy patients undergoing hemodialysis and its impact on inflammatory responses. Methods. Between July 2019 and April 2021, 80 patients with diabetic nephropathy who underwent hemodialysis in our institution were recruited and assigned at a ratio of 1 : 1 to receive either routine nursing (routine group) or primary nursing (primary group). The outcome measures included nursing outcomes, inflammatory factor levels, and psychological status. Results. Primary nursing resulted in lower levels of blood creatinine, fasting glucose, urea nitrogen, and proteinuria versus routine nursing (

P
<
0.05

). Patients receiving primary nursing showed significantly lower levels of interleukin (IL)-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) versus those given routine nursing (

P
<
0.05

). The patients in the primary group had significantly lower scores on the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) versus those in the routine group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Primary nursing improves the renal function of diabetic nephropathy patients undergoing hemodialysis, reduces the inflammatory response, and eliminates their negative emotions, which shows great potential for clinical application.
A Highly Discriminative Hybrid Feature Selection Algorithm for Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Elemam Tarneem , Elshrkawey Mohamed
Published: August 2022

Cancer is a deadly disease that occurs due to rapid and uncontrolled cell growth. In this article, a machine learning (ML) algorithm is proposed to diagnose different cancer diseases from big data. The algorithm comprises a two-stage hybrid feature selection. In the first stage, an overall ranker is initiated to combine the results of three filter-based feature evaluation methods, namely, chi-squared, F-statistic, and mutual information (MI). The features are then ordered according to this combination. In the second stage, the modified wrapper-based sequential forward selection is utilized to discover the optimal feature subset, using ML models such as support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classifiers. To examine the proposed algorithm, many tests have been carried out on four cancerous microarray datasets, employing in the process 10-fold cross-validation and hyperparameter tuning. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by calculating the diagnostic accuracy. The results indicate that for the leukemia dataset, both SVM and KNN models register the highest accuracy at 100% using only 5 features. For the ovarian cancer dataset, the SVM model achieves the highest accuracy at 100% using only 6 features. For the small round blue cell tumor (SRBCT) dataset, the SVM model also achieves the highest accuracy at 100% using only 8 features. For the lung cancer dataset, the SVM model also achieves the highest accuracy at 99.57% using 19 features. By comparing with other algorithms, the results obtained from the proposed algorithm are superior in terms of the number of selected features and diagnostic accuracy.
Active Antialopecia Chemical Identification of Merremia peltata Leaves and Computational Study toward Androgen Receptor Using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Authors: Abdurrahman Syawal , Ruslin Ruslin , Hasanah Aliya N. , Mustarichie Resmi , Ifaya Mus
Published: August 2022

Alopecia is a health condition in which the hair loses its function in some or all of the body. Alopecia occurs due to various genetic, environmental, and nutritional factors. One of the methods developed to treat alopecia is through inhibition of the enzyme 5-α-reductase, which converts testosterone into its more potent metabolite, dihydrotestosterone (DHT). In ethnomedicine, the leaves of Merremia peltata are used by the people of Sulawesi as a remedy for baldness. Therefore, in this study, an in vivo study was conducted on rabbits to investigate the antialopecia activity of the ethanolic extract of M. peltata leaves. The purified M. peltata leaf extract was fractionated using vacuum liquid chromatography with several solvents to produce fractions F1–F5. Each fraction was then retested in vivo in rabbits, and its content was then analyzed by LC-MS. An in silico study was then carried out using minoxidil as a comparison ligand; 17 compounds derived from M. peltata leaves were identified as antialopecia compounds through prediction of molecular interactions and molecular dynamics simulation and prediction of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicology (ADME-Tox). The assay results showed that fractions F2 and F3 had a better effect on hair growth compared to the positive control, and the test compound obtained from the LC-MS analysis, bufotalinin, had a strong binding energy to the receptor in the molecular docking interaction study: −5.99 kcal/mol compared to −4.8 kcal/mol for minoxidil. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis with complex stability parameters based on solvent-accessible surface area (SASA), principal component analysis (PCA), root mean square deviation (RMSD), and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) showed that bufotalinin has good affinity for androgen receptors. ADME-Tox prediction for bufotalinin showed good results for the parameters of skin permeability, absorption, and distribution. Therefore, bufotalinin, a steroid compound, is a potential androgen receptor antagonist and could be useful in the treatment of alopecia.
Fusion Evaluation of College Cultivation by Adaptive Multivariate Neural Network Model
Authors: Hong Shaoyong , Yang Chun , Ye Shitong , Chen Shaohong
Published: August 2022

The quality of graduates is the key factor in evaluating the cultivation effect of colleges and universities. Quantification of whether the graduates qualify for their working post in companies and industries provides conduction for further college cultivation reform enhancement. In this work, we proposed an adaptive multivariate neural network architecture for fusion evaluation of college student cultivation. Specifically, we designed a questionnaire to collect data on the current working status of 1231 graduates and recorded 32 in-school training items categorized into four different modules. For quantitative evaluation, 10 indices of career-require competence were set to describe the graduates’ job abilities. The fused contribution of the in-school training items to the career-required competence was predicted by the multivariate network model with the linking weights adaptively trained. A comprehensive contribution matrix was generated by discrete PCA multivariate transforming to provide a digital reference for the network training. A 7-level scoring system was designed for quantifying the contribution matrix. For model optimization, the network structure was tuned by testing a different number of hidden nodes. The model was trained and optimized to reveal the direct correlation between college cultivation and job-required abilities. Experimental results indicated that the methodology we proposed is feasible to evaluate the cultivation mode in colleges and universities, theoretically and technically providing positive directions for colleges and universities to make their cultivation reforming, as to enhance the quality of their graduates.
Construction of Alumni Information Analysis Model Based on Big Data
Authors: Wang Xue
Published: August 2022

In order to integrate and utilize alumni resources in a better way, big data is utilized to construct alumni information analysis model based on improved hierarchical clustering algorithm, so as to realize mining and retrieval of alumni information. First,the basic principle of hierarchical clustering algorithm is analyzed concretely. Moreover, the improvement is performed on this basis, and a method of calculating the distance between class clusters based on the ant colony optimization is proposed, which uses the shortest distance of the ant colony algorithm to optimally solve the distance between hierarchical class clusters, so as to improve the clustering accuracy. Then, the alumni information analysis model based on improved hierarchical clustering algorithm is constructed, and the model is divided into text preprocessing, keyword extraction, text feature vector generation, name disambiguation, and alumni recognition modules. Finally, the improved hierarchical clustering algorithm and construction of model are verified by experiments. The results show that the accuracy of the improved agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm is as high as 86.4% on average and 3.8% and 4.8% more than the two traditional algorithms. Thus, the clustering effect of the algorithm is better, and the proposed alumni analysis model can effectively process text disambiguation of web pages and identification of alumni information, which has certain effectiveness.
Synthesis and Properties of Supramolecular Crops Based on PNZST Antiferroelectric Film
Authors: Zhou Feng
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of ecological agriculture and the continuous changes of the ecological environment, crops are facing tremendous challenges. At the same time, people’s demand for the number and variety of crops is gradually increasing, so the synthesis and performance improvement of crops is imminent. The emergence of supramolecular crops has brought about huge changes in the yield of crops. In this paper, for the purpose of reducing the cost of crops and enhancing the ability of crops to adapt to the environment, PNZST antiferroelectric film materials are used to study the synthesis of supramolecular crops. Among them, rice, corn, and soybeans are used as reference objects for synthetic crops. Experiments were carried out in four aspects: growth rate, growth cycle, and yield. The growth status of the three crops in the past four years was monitored and recorded and analyzed. The survival rate of traditional rice was 86.3%–89.5%, the growth cycle was 86–90 days, and the yield was 69–77 kg/ha; the survival rate of traditional corn was 85.6%–89%, the growth cycle was 105–114 days, and the yield was 38–43 kg/ha; the survival rate of traditional soybean was 85.6%–89%, the growth cycle was 85–90 days, and the output was 14–16 kg/ha. The survival rate of synthetic rice was 95.5%–96.9%, the growth cycle was 63–66 days, and the yield was 83–86 kg/ha; the survival rate of synthetic corn was 97.3%–98.7%, the growth cycle was 85–95 days, and the yield was 53–56 kg/ha; the survival rate of synthetic soybeans was 96.3%–98.3%, the growth cycle was 59–68 days, and the yield was 29–33 kg/ha.
The Effect and Mechanism of Curcumin Combined with Carboplatin Chemotherapy Promoting on Apoptosis of Lung Cancer HCC827 Cells
Authors: Huang Lingping , He Xiangyuan , Zuo Xuan
Published: August 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect and mechanism of curcumin (CUR) killing lung cancer HCC827 cell spheres. Method. HCC827 cell spheres were cultured in serum-free medium, and the protein expression of CD133, SOX2, EpCAM, and ABCG2 was detected by western blot. MTT was used to evaluate the cell viability of HCC827 cell spheres and HCC827 cell after they were treated by 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 mg/mL carboplatin (CBP) for 48 h. The inhibitory effects of 10 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, and 200 μM CUR on GST (glutathione S-transferase) activity in HCC827 cell spheres were determined by colorimetry. The flow cytometry (FCM), western blot, qPCR, luciferase assay, and microscopy were used to detect the ROS levels, cell pelletization ability, β-catenin, SOX2, and ABCG2 mRNA and the promoter activity of β-catenin upon of HCC827 cell spheres treated with 200 μM CUR for 48 h. The HCC827 cell spheres were infected with β-catenin adenovirus, and then cells were treated with 200 μM CUR (and/or no 5 mg/mL CBP) for 24 h. The mRNA and protein expression of β-catenin, SOX2, and ABCG2 was detected by qPCR and western blot, and cell growth inhibition of HCC827 cell spheres was evaluated by MTT. Result. The expression of stem cells marker CD133, SOX2, EpCAM, and drug resistance-related gene ABCG2 mRNA is higher in HCC827 cell spheres, and HCC827 cell spheres resisted the killing effect of difference doses of CBP. The activity of GST of HCC827 cell spheres was inhibited by 10 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, and 200 μM CUR. It was a dose-dependent manner. After 200 μM CUR had treated HCC827 cell spheres for 48 h, the level of ROS was significantly increased (

P
<
0.05

), and the mRNA and protein expression of β-catenin, SOX2, and ABCG2 and promoter activity of β-catenin were notably decreased (

P
<
0.05

), compared to the control group. Furthermore, the formed-sphere ability of HCC827 sphere was inhibited after cells were treated with 200 μM CUR. 200 μM CUR could suppress the proliferation of HCC827 cell spheres and induced cell apoptosis. The proliferation of HCC827 cell spheres was significantly inhibited, and cell apoptosis rate was increased by 200 μM CUR combined with 5 mg/mL CBP than by 200 μM CUR alone. Upregulation of β-catenin by adenovirus partly reversed the effect of CUR inhibition of the expression of β-catenin, SOX2, and ABCG2, compared to empty vector adenovirus group. Additionally, overexpression of β-catenin significantly remitted the inhibitory effect of 200 μM CUR combined with 5 mg/mL CBP on the proliferation of HCC827 cell spheres. Conclusion. CUR inhibited the cell proliferation and stem cell trait and induced apoptosis in HCC827 cell spheres by the inhibition of GST activity and β-catenin expression. CUR is expected to become a treatment for lung cancer and lung cancer stem cells.
Recurrent Ameloblastoma: Clinical Manifestation and Disease-Free Survival Rate
Authors: Hresko Andrii , Palyvoda Roman , Burtyn Olha , Chepurnyi Yurii , Kopchak Andrii , Helder Marco , Forouzanfar Tymour
Published: August 2022

Objectives. Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing epithelial odontogenic neoplasm of the jaws with a high recurrence rate. The main treatment strategies for this lesion are radical or conservative surgical approaches. The aim of the present study was to analyze clinical presentations, histological types, and treatment strategies of recurrent ameloblastoma and to define its disease-free survival (DFS) rate. Materials and Methods. Twenty-four cases of recurrent ameloblastomas, treated between January 2009 and July 2021, were enrolled in this study. Medical files from each patient, including gender, age, size of the lesion, localization, patient complaints, clinical manifestation, radiographic appearance, histological type, surgical management, and treatment results were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Result. Out of 69 operated primary ameloblastomas, the rate of recurrence was 35%. Out of 24 recurrent cases, 21 developed after conservative treatment and 3 after radical treatment. In most cases, recurrences were found in the mandible (n = 20). A unilocular pattern was predominant in radiographic examination (44%). Estimated 3-year DFS was 84.5 ± 4.8%, and the 5-year and 10-year DFS were 73.0 ± 6.3% and 43.9 ± 8.343.9 ± 8.3%, respectively. Conclusion. Results obtained in the present retrospective study proved the necessity of long-term follow-up after both conservative and radical treatment approaches. The DFS median in our study was 8 years (95% CI 6 years–10 years). For recurrent cases, radical resection with histologically free margins after exact MRI determination of the ameloblastoma border within the soft tissues should be considered as the method of choice to avoid secondary recurrence.
3D Human Motion Posture Tracking Method Using Multilabel Transfer Learning
Authors: Zhu Libin , Liu Lihui
Published: August 2022

To overcome the high position and posture angle tracking error, long tracking loss time and posture tracking update response time, and low fitness problem of traditional human motion posture tracking methods, in this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) human motion posture tracking method using multilabel transfer learning is proposed. According to the human structure composition and degree of freedom constraints, the 3D human joint skeleton model is constructed to generate the 3D human pose image and perform the noise reduction operation. The background difference is used to detect the 3D human moving target. Using multilabel transfer learning, human motion posture features are extracted from joint position and joint angle, and the estimation results of 3D human motion posture are obtained. The tracking error of human motion posture is corrected by three-step search, and the visual 3D human motion posture tracking results are output. The results show that, compared with the traditional human motion posture tracking method, the position and posture angle tracking errors of the proposed method are 2.18 mm and 0.178 deg, respectively. The tracking loss time and posture tracking update response time are shorter, which proves that the proposed method has more advantages in tracking accuracy and higher adaptability.
Clinical Effect of Digital Subtraction Angiography Combined with Neurointerventional Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease and Its Influence on Vascular Endothelial Function and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Wang Xuna , Zhang Xuesong , Guan Qingbo , Wang Kuiyang
Published: August 2022

Objective. Ischemic cerebrovascular disease is a commonly seen vascular disorder in clinical practice. Given the difficulty of drug therapy to achieve ideal curative effects, interventional therapy has gradually become the preferred treatment for the disease. This research primarily discusses the short-term efficacy of digital subtraction angiography- (DSA-) guided neurointerventional thrombolysis for acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease (AICVD) and its influence on vascular endothelial function (VEF) and oxidative stress (OS). Methods. All the clinical data of 162 patients diagnosed with AICVD and treated between June 2019 and December 2021 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. They were assigned to two cohorts according to the difference in interventional methods: a conventional group (CG) given recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) therapy and an observation group (OG) intervened by DSA-guided neurointerventional thrombolysis. The two groups were compared with respect to short-term treatment efficacy, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, cerebral hemodynamics, and VEF and OS indexes. Results. The short-term efficacy was better in OG (93.98%) than in CG (82.28%). After treatment, the NIHSS score decreased in both cohorts with obvious differences within the group at different time points, and the posttreatment NIHSS score was lower in OG as compared to CG. OG had higherQmandVmwhile lowerWv,Zcv, andRvthan CG. Higher endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) was observed in OG, as well as lower ankle-brachial index (ABI) and pulse wave velocity (PWV). And the posttreatment MDA was lower while SOD, GSH-Px, and TAC were higher in OG compared with those on CG. All the above differences were of statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusions. DSA-guided neurointerventional thrombolysis is highly effective in the treatment of AICVD, which can not only effectively improve patients’ neurological function and cerebral hemodynamics but also mitigate VEF injury and help to alleviate patients’ OS.
An Intelligent Assessment Method of English Teaching Ability Based on Improved Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Narengerile Liu , Di Li
Published: August 2022

In order to fully exploit the effect of intelligent evaluation of English teaching ability and explore the quality of English teaching, an intelligent evaluation method of English teaching ability based on improved machine learning algorithm is proposed, which can ensure the rational allocation of English teaching resources, analyze the big data of constraint parameters of English teaching ability evaluation, and obtain frequent item sets of English teaching quality based on big data mining technology. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) method was used to improve the parameters of the SVM, and the optimal parameters of the support vector machines (SVM) were obtained, which were input into the sample of English teaching effect evaluation, and a method was constructed to maximize the SVM. The optimal parameters are introduced into the decision function, so as to achieve the purpose of English teaching quality assessment. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a high convergence speed and can achieve rapid convergence with only 30 network trainings. At the same time, the evaluation accuracy of English teaching quality is as high as 95%, the correlation coefficient of the results is as high as 0.95, and the evaluation time is low. It is less than 150 ms, and the keyword frequency identification is better and better, which can realize the objective evaluation of online teaching quality.
Evaluating Teaching Quality in Colleges and Universities of Public Art Education Using the AHP Fuzzy Comprehensive Method
Authors: Yu Yan
Published: August 2022

The effectiveness of classroom teaching has emerged as the determining factor in whether a school will endure as higher education in China develops. Currently, all schools and institutions have established public art education classes that offer art education to students who do not study art. With the establishment of public art education, students of other subjects can learn art, film and television, music, calligraphy, dance, and drama and master basic practical skills that fundamentally improve their aesthetic capacity and qualities that promote the emergence of morality, intelligence, physique, and glamour among college students. However, colleges and universities should assess the teaching abilities of teachers after establishing public art education programs and then improve their own teaching abilities by fully altering the public art education model in accordance with the results of the teaching evaluation quality score. This study establishes a method for evaluating the effectiveness of teaching in public art education courses at colleges and institutions. The fuzzy comprehensive is based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The system for evaluating the quality of teaching is established, which builds the teacher’s teaching evaluation factor set, decides how much weight each teacher’s teaching quality evaluation factor should have, establishes the teaching quality evaluation grade, and decides the comprehensive teaching quality evaluation method. The teaching quality evaluation is finally computed using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation formula and the AHP approach in accordance with the evaluation results provided by five different types of experts. The results indicate that department leaders awarded teachers a 94.11 rating for their ability to teach.
[Retracted] Glutathione, Cysteine, and D‐Penicillamine Role in Exchange of Silver Metal from the Albumin Metal Complex
Authors: Alharthi Nahed S. , Khan Haroon , Siyal Fahad Jibran , Shaikh Zahid Ali , Arain Shumaila Parveen , Eltayeb Lienda Bashier , Mangi Altaf Ali
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the exchange reaction taking place among the bovine serum albumin (BSA), 5,5′‐dithiobis‐(2‐nitrobenzoic acid (ESSE), reduced glutathione, N‐acetylcysteine, D‐penicillamine (thiolates), and silver metal (AgI). For this purpose, stock solutions of BSA and Ellman’s reagent were prepared by dissolving 264 mg of BSA in 5 ml of reaction buffer (0.1 M KH2PO4 at pH 7.8) and 23.8 mg of ESSE in 1.0 ml of reaction buffer which were mixed together. Mixture of BSA‐AgI was prepared in a separate procedure by dissolving 0.17 mg of silver nitrate in 1 ml of reaction buffer and then dissolving BSA (200 mg) in the same solution of silver nitrate. Blocking of Cys‐34 of BSA with AgI was confirmed by treating different dilutions of BSA‐AgI (500 μM) solutions with the solutions of ESSE (85 μM) and ES- (85 μM) and recording the spectra (300‐450) with a UV‐visible spectrophotometer. The chromatographed AgI‐modified BSA ((BSA‐S)AgI)) samples (typically 500 μM) were subsequently mixed with thiolates (reduced glutathione, N‐acetylcysteine, and D‐penicillamine). AgI and modified BSA (typically 500 μM each) were treated with these low molecular weight thiolates and allowed to react overnight followed by chromatographic separation (Sephadex G25). The redox reactions of AgI‐modified BSA with various low molecular weight thiols revealed a mechanically important phenomenon. In the case of reduced glutathione and N‐acetylcysteine, we observed the rapid release of a commensurate amount of Ellman’s anion, indicating that an exchange has taken place and low molecular weight thiols (RSH) substituted AgI species at the Cys‐34 of BSA eventually forming disulfide (BSA‐SSR) at Cys‐34. It can be anticipated from the phase of study involving bovine serum albumin that low molecular weight thiolates (reduced glutathione and N‐acetylcysteine) take off AgI which are attached to proteins elsewhere in the physiological system, making these toxic metals free for toxic action.