bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of a low-intensity laser in the treatment of genital herpes infections
Authors: Shemetova M.
Published: July 2020

90 women at the age of 30,9±0,4 years with clinical laboratory signs of herpetic defeat of urogenital system took part in research lasting 12 months. Therapy included a preparation Valaciclovir on 500 mg, complex therapy was carried out with use of intra vascular laser radiation of blood (wavelength of 365 nm, power of the radiation of 2 mW, an influence exposition the laser of 8 min, the number of sessions 15) along with application of a preparation Valaciclovir. Results of the study indicate a positive clinical dynamics and immunomodulatory action of intravascular laser irradiation of blood that can be recommended as a method of complex treatment of herpetic lesions of the reproductive system.
Influence of metrics on determination of bifurcation points in time series of meteorological values
Authors: Kuznetsov A.D. , Seroukhova O.S. , Simakina T.E.
Published: July 2020

The influence of a metric kind and a method of setting the "dividing" polynomial on the results of finding bifurcation points in time series of meteorological values has been studied. The bifurcation point reflects the moment of change of the established system mode, caused by a significant change in the factors that generate the process under study. This article searches for a moment when the direction of the process
changes in the time series of measurement data as the boundary between local trends. Zero to third degree polynomials have served as an indicator for determining the position of the bifurcation point. As the metrics allowing to determine the optimal position of these polynomials within the time series under investigation the following ones have been considered: standard deviation, Euclidean metric, Manhattan and relative distance. The statistical significance of the split is checked using the Fischer test. The proposed algorithm has been tested on time series of instantaneous and averaged air temperature and atmospheric pressure. The degree of the initial variation unexplained by the model is used as an estimate of the approximation accuracy. The use of Manhattan distance as a metric has been found to be the best for the time series considered. The approach proposed in this paper can be applied in the future, in particular, when determining the start time of climate change in different regions of our planet
Ecological problems of the river Novaya (St. Petersburg) and ways to solve them
Authors: Kondratyev S.A. , Bruchanov A.Yu. , Ignatyeva N.V. , Lapenkov A.E. , Rasulova A.M. , Terekhov A.V. , Oblomkova N.S.
Published: July 2020

Main sources of pollution of the river Novaya, one of the most ecologically unfavorable water bodies in St. Petersburg, have been revealed on the basis of hydrological, hydrochemical and geochemical data. The river lost natural water supply and its length decreased by 4 times after the runoff from the upper part of catchment was redirected to the river Dudergofka during the construction of the Pulkovo Airport several
decades ago. Currently, the river is a drainage system of agricultural territory, supplying a system of six connected ponds at urban area. The main ecological problem of the aquatic system under study has been found to be nutrient and organic pollution. Main reason of pollution is intensive agricultural activity at the catchment area. As a result, a huge amount of phosphorus, nitrogen and organic substances enters the hydrographic network. Low flow rate of the water system makes worse the development of negative processes in the ecosystem. The main polluter is a livestock enterprise located in the upper part of the catchment area. It discharges wastewater into the drainage system in the catchment area and manures agricultural fields directly adjacent to the riverbed. In accordance with the evaluation criteria of the degree of surface waters chemical pollution, approved by the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation, the situation is assessed as extreme in the aquatic system, and at some sites - as a zone of ecological disaster by a number of parameters. No contamination of water and bottom sediments, as well as soils in the catchment area with priority organic pollutants previously entering from the airport territory was detected. Nutrient loading on the aquatic system of the catchment area from the agricultural enterprise has been calculated. It has been assessed that the use of the best available technologies for agricultural activity could reduce the phosphorus load by 9 % and the nitrogen load by 28 %. Currently, the calculated concentration of total phosphorus in the drainage system in the catchment area is 4 times higher than the hyper eutrophic state limit. An improvement in the ecological situation can be achieved by optimizing agricultural activity in the catchment area, periodical removal of some nutrients and organic substances by mowing macrophytes in the swampy floodplain area, establishing a coastal protective zone and increasing the flow rate as a result of the return
of runoff from the upper part of the river catchment to the former course
Penguatan Ketepatan Pengenalan Wajah Viola-Jones Dengan Pelacakan
Authors: Florestiyanto Mangaras Yanu , Pratomo Awang Hendrianto , Sari Nidya Indah
Published: July 2020

Aplikasi pengenalan wajah sebagian besar berorientasi pada penguatan sistem keamanan dan pemantauan. Aplikasi-aplikasi tersebut banyak dikembangkan akibat adanya kajian penguatan ketepatan pengenalan wajah yang dikembangkan terus-menerus oleh peneliti. Variasi fitur wajah setiap orang yang kompleks dan perubahannya dari waktu ke waktu, bahkan dalam waktu yang singkat menjadikan optimalisasi ketepatan pengenalannya semakin rumit. Studi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan performa metode Viola-Jones pada target yang bergerak dengan integrasi algoritma tracking. Algoritma tracking yang diintegrasikan adalah algoritma Continuously Adaptive Mean Shift (Camshift). Algoritma ini merupakan pengembangan dari algoritma Mean Shift yang secara terus menerus melakukan adaptasi atau penyesuaian terhadap distribusi probabilitas warna yang selalu berubah tiap pergantian frame dari sebuah sequence video. Integrasi tracking dengan Viola-Jones signifikan meningkatkan ketepatan pengenalan wajah dibandingkan tanpa tracking yaitu sebesar 96%.
Penerapan Optimasi Media Sosial Twitter Pada Website Penjualan Online Untuk Meningkatkan Jumlah Pengunjung
Authors: Nurhafina Yulinda , Agustiono Wahyudi , Pramudita Yoga Dwitya
Published: July 2020

Saat ini banyak perusahaan termasuk pengusaha batik di Madura telah memanfaatkan internet sebagai media pemasaran agar dapat menjangkau lebih banyak pelanggan dan area yang lebih luas. Hal ini karena internet memiliki kemampuan dalam diseminasi informasi kepada penggunanya secara cepat, murah, dan interaktif tanpa dibatasi oleh jarak dan waktu. Namun demikian, para pengusaha umumnya hanya mengandalkan website di dalam melakukan internet marketing ini. Akibatnya tidak jarang meskipun sudah memiliki website, para pengusaha batik di Madura sering kesulitan mendapatkan calon pembeli yang pada akhirnya akan menurunkan pendapatan. Penelitian terdahulu menyebutkan bahwa salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan jumlah pengunjung dan popularitas website yaitu dengan menerapkan teknik Social Media Optimization (SMO). Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan metode SMO dengan memanfaatkan media sosial Twitter pada website penjualan online batik Madura untuk meningkatkan trafik pengunjung. Pada penelitian ini, SMO diterapkan, diuji, dan diukur nilai signifikansinya untuk mengetahui pengaruh trafik pengunjung terhadap website penjualan online batik Madura. Dari hasil pengujian yang telah diterapkan, pengunjung mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan di bulan kedua. Dilihat berdasarkan uji nilai t menggunakan paired t-test dimana korelasi antara sebelum dan sesudah dioptimasi sebesar 2%, dan t hitung 3,548 > t tabel 1,697 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,001 < alfa 0,05, yang berarti H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima atau hipotesis diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode SMO menggunakan Twitter dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan pengunjung meskipun dengan hasil yang ringkas.
Metode Fuzzy ID3 Untuk Klasifikasi Status Preeklamsi Ibu Hamil
Authors: Kustiyahningsih Yeni , Mula’ab  , Hasanah Nur
Published: July 2020

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Indonesia meningkat terus mulai tahun 2007 (SDKI 2012). Salah satu penyebab utamanya adalah penyakit hipertensi. Istilah hipertensi pada ibu hamil disebut dengan preeklamasi. Metode Fuzzy Decision Tree Iterative Dichotomiser 3 (ID3) digunakan untuk mengelompokkan penyakit preeklamsi menjadi 3 kelas yaitu normal, waspada preeklamsi ringan, dan bahaya preeklamsi berat. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 6 variabel yang digunakan yaitu tekanan darah sistolik, tekanan darah diastolik, usia ibu, usia kehamilan, protein urine, dan odema. Tujuan dari klasifikasi adalah membantu tenaga medis dalam memberikan tindakan kepada pasien (ibu hamil) agar diagnosisnya tepat sasaran dan lebih cepat dalam membantu pengambilan keputusan. Tahapan metode ID3 adalah melakukan inisialisasi nilai atribut fuzzy, perhitungan entropy, dan mencari nilai information gain. Uji coba sistem menggunakan algoritma k-fold cross validation serta menghitung akurasi menggunakan confusion matrix. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba, k-fold 5 mempunyai akurasi terbesar yaitu 98,44%, presisi terbesar 96,66%, dan recall terbesar 97,61%.
The Spatial Allocation of Hospitals With Negative Pressure Isolation Rooms in Korea: Are We Prepared for New Outbreaks?
Authors: Kim Hyoungah , Kim Dohyeong , Paul Christopher , Lee Chang Kil
Published: July 2020

Background: Allocation of adequate healthcare facilities is one of the most important factors that public health policymakers consider when preparing for infectious disease outbreaks. Negative pressure isolation rooms (NPIRs) are one of the critical resources for control of infectious respiratory diseases, such as the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. However, there is insufficient attention to efficient allocation of NPIR-equipped hospitals. Methods: We aim to explore any insufficiency and spatial disparity of NPIRs in South Korea in response to infectious disease outbreaks based on a simple analytic approach. We examined the history of installing NPIRs in South Korea between the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-Cov) in 2015 to evaluate the allocation process and spatial distribution of NPIRs across the country. Then, for two types of infectious diseases (a highly contagious disease like COVID-19 vs. a hospital-based transmission like MERS-Cov), we estimated the level of disparity between NPIR capacity and demand at the sub-regional level in South Korea by applying the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method. Results: Geospatial information system (GIS) mapping reveals a substantial shortage and misallocation of NPIRs, indicating that the Korean government should consider a simple but evidence-based spatial method to identify the areas that need NPIRs most and allocate funds wisely. The 2SFCA method suggests that, despite the recent addition of NPIRs across the country, there should still be more NPIRs regardless of the spread pattern of the disease. It also illustrates high levels of regional disparity in allocation of those facilities in preparation for an infectious disease, due to the lack of evidence-based approach. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of evidence-based decision-making processes in allocating public health facilities, as misallocation of facilities could impede the responsiveness of the public health system during an epidemic. This study provides some evidence to be used to allocate the resources for NPIRs, the urgency of which is heightened in the face of rapidly evolving threats from the novel COVID-19 outbreak.
Iranian brown propolis possesses neuroprotective effect against ischemic neuronal damage in mice
Authors: Bazmandegan Gholamreza , Shamsizadeh Ali , FathiNajafi Mohsen , Assadollahi Zahra , Allahtavakoli Mohammad , Kamiab Zahra , Vakilian Alireza , Moghadam-Ahmadi Amir , Amirteimoury Morteza , Boroushaki Mohammad Taher
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Propolis, a polyphenol-rich resinous product processed by honeybees from a variety of plant sources, has a set of biological activities. We investigated the neuroprotective effect of Iranian brown propolis (IBP) in a mouse model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Methods: Experimentally, water extracts of propolis (WEPs) were obtained from Kerman (KeWEP) and Khorasan Razavi (KhWEP) provinces, Iran. The chemical characterization and total polyphenol content of WEPs were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu assay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Animals were divided into eight experimental groups including: sham, control, and three groups each of which KeWEP- and KhWEP-treated mice. The drugs were administered at doses of 30, 100 and 200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (IP), during four different time points. Infarct volume and brain edema were measured at 48 h. Behavioral tests were evaluated at 4, 24 and 48-hour post stroke. Results: The total polyphenol content was 1100 and 1400 mg/L in KhWEP and KeWEP respectively. Compared to the control group, the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg in both samples decreased infarct volume. Brain edema was also reduced in all treatment groups. The dose of 200 mg/kg in both samples and 100 mg/kg in the KeWEP-treated group significantly increased grasping ability. Sensory-motor function was improved in all groups, too. Conclusion: These results suggest that IBP may reduce ischemic brain injury by its neuroprotective effect on focal cerebral ischemia.
Antispasmodic effect of hydroalcoholic and flavonoids extracts ofDracocephalum kotschyion rabbit bladder
Authors: Sadraei Hassan , Sajjadi Seyed Ebrahim , Tarafdar Arefe
Published: July 2020

Introduction:Dracocephalum kotschyiextract has antispasmodic activities on smooth muscle including ileum, uterus and trachea. The objective of this research was to investigate antispasmodic activity of hydroalcoholic and flavonoids extracts ofD. kotschyion rabbit bladder contractions.Methods:Rabbits were euthanized by carbon dioxide asphyxiation and the whole bladder was dissected out and immersed in the Tyrode’s solution. Longitudinal bladder strips were mounted vertically in an organ bath at 37°C and gassed continuously with O2. Bladder strips were contracted with acetylcholine (ACh), KCl, or electrical field stimulation (EFS). Isotonic tension of the tissue was recorded before and after addition of hydroalcoholic or flavonoids rich extracts ofD. kotschyi. Nifedipine and propantheline were used as standard drugs.Results:Standard drug propantheline, prevented bladder phasic contraction induced by ACh (1µM) without affecting KCl response. On the other hand, cumulative addition of nifedipine attenuated the tonic contractions induced by KCl (20mM) on bladder smooth muscle. Hydroalcoholic and flavonoids extracts ofD. kotschyiat concentration ranges of 10-320 µg/ mL in a concentration dependent way inhibited bladder tonic contraction induced by KCl (n=6). Both extracts also in a concentration-dependent manner relaxed EFS and ACh-induced contractions (range, 20–1280 µg/mL) of bladder smooth musclein vitro. Complete inhibition was achieved with the highest used concentrations of the extracts. The inhibitory effect of the extract was reversible following washing the tissues with fresh Tyrode’s solution.Conclusion:This study clearly demonstrated thatD. kotschyiextracts were able to prevent contractions induced by ACh, KCl or EFS in isolated rabbit bladder. This means that people consuming this medicinal plant may face urinary retention which could be a problem for patients with prostate hypertrophy. On the other hand, this plant might be useful in patients with urinary incontinence. However, its usefulness must be assessed in the controlled clinical trials.
Effect of different herbal preparations on experimental viral respiratory complex of broilers: clinical, pathological and ciliary activity aspects
Authors: Abbasnia Mohammad , Mosleh Najmeh , Dadras Habibollah , Rezaeianzadeh Ghasem , Boroomand Zahra
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Despite the extensive use of herbal preparations for treatment of viral respiratory diseases in poultry, few studies have analyzed the effectiveness of these products. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three different herbal respiratory symptom relieving agents in broiler chickens experimentally infected with H9N2 avian influenza (AI) and infectious bronchitis (IB) viruses. Methods: A total of 175 broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 5 equal groups. Negative control (NC) group remained intact while others received H9N2-AI and IB viruses. Treatment groups (G1-G3) but not positive control (PC) birds were treated with three different herbal agents containing menthol. Clinical and pathological aspects were evaluated during the experiment. Results: Administration of these agents to challenged chickens not only did not notably decrease clinical severity, gross and histopathological lesions, but also markedly increased mortality rate in treated groups. In dead cases, cast/plug formation was a prominent feature in the trachea. Treatment with herbal agents induced an increase of more than twofold in the number of goblet cells compared to PC group. Significant ciliostasis was observed in all challenged groups regardless of treatment, while ciliary activity was not changed statistically in comparison with the mean values of PC. Conclusion: In this study administration of herbal preparations adversely affected the tracheal epithelium via enhancement of goblet cell hyperplasia. It appears that hyper-secretion of mucosa along with ciliary incompetence causes mucus stagnation followed by tracheal or bronchial obstruction and death. These findings necessitate cautious use of these products.
The leishmanicidal activity of essential oils: A systematic review
Authors: Noorpisheh Ghadimi Shamsi , Sharifi Negin , Osanloo Mahmoud
Published: July 2020

Leishmaniasis is the neglected disease among parasitic diseases with an increasing rate of infections. Recently, numerous studies have been conducted on the leishmanicidal properties of various essential oils (EOs). In this research, literature have been systematically reviewed, from 20 years ago, and required information have been extracted. Overally, leishmanicidal effects of ~180 EOs against promastigotes of nine species of Leishmania havebeen documented. Inhibitory concentrations 50% (IC50) of around 30 EOs were less than 10 μg.mL-1. EOs of Tetradenia riparia, Nectandra hihua, and Thymus hirtus with IC50s of 0.01,0.20, and 0.25 μg.mL-1 against Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania infantum, and Leishmania major respectively, were identified as the most effective EOs. Furthermore, IC50 of Thymus hirtus on Leishmania infantum was 0.43 μg.mL-1. Frequently, substantial differences were found between the observed IC50s of one EO against promastigotes of different species of Leishmania. It can be concluded that the leishmanicidal activity of EOs is selective. Turning to the results,the combination of EOs for the design of multifunctional drugs can lead to excellent outcomes.Interestingly, the results have been classified by promastigote species, so this would be a valuablebenchmark for researchers.
Permeation enhancement effects of leaf materials from different aloe species on in vitro and ex vivo nasal epithelial models
Authors: Gerber Werner , Steyn Dewald , Kotzé Awie , Svitina Hanna , Weldon Ché , Hamman Josias
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The nasal route of drug administration offers an alternative way for oral drug delivery and has the benefit of avoiding first-pass metabolism through drug delivery directly into the systemic circulation. The drug absorption enhancing effects of selected aloe leaf materials have been shown across various delivery routes, but their efficacies in this regard across nasal epithelia have not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of gel and whole leaf extract materials from three selected aloe species (Aloe vera, Aloe ferox and Aloe muth-muth) on FITC-dextran 4400 permeation across two nasal epithelial models. Methods: Permeation of FITC-dextran 4400 and histological studies were conducted on both RPMI 2650 cell layers and excised sheep nasal mucosa, while toxicity studies were conducted using a neutral red assay on the RPMI 2650 cell model. Results: Significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) values of FITC-dextran 4400 in the presence of the aloe materials as compared to the control were found with all three aloe species at the highest concentrations (1.5% and 3% w/v) in the RPMI 2650 cell line, while only Aloe muth-muth at the highest concentration exhibited significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher Papp values across the excised tissue model. Histological and neutral red analysis showed that Aloe vera materials exhibited detrimental effects, Aloe muth-muth only showed slight effects on cell viability and Aloe ferox exhibited no effect on the nasal epithelium. Conclusion: This in vitro study showed for the first time the potential of Aloe ferox and Aloe muth-muth leaf materials to enhance nasal drug delivery without causing damaging effects on the epithelium, while Aloe vera enhanced nasal drug delivery with detrimental effects as determined by means of cytotoxicity assays and histological analysis.
Exploring Change in Trend of Homicide Incidence Rate in Iran from 2006 to 2016: Applying Segmented Regression Model
Authors: Nazari Kangavari Hajar , Barzegar Abdolrazagh , Mirtorabi Seyed Davood , Ghadirzadeh Mohammad Reza , Forouzesh Mehdi , Taherpour Niloufar , Shahbazi Fatemeh , Hashemi Nazari Seyed Saeed
Published: July 2020

Background: Murder is one of the public health problems. According to the WHO reports, murder is fourth leading cause of death among young people. The aim of this study was applying joint point regression model to study trend of homicide mortality in Iran, 2006-2016. Study design: A cross-sectional panel (pseudo-panel) study. Methods: Homicide data during 2006 to 2016 were extracted from Iranian legal medicine organization. Trends of homicide incidence were summarized by annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) using non-linear segmented regression model. Results: Totally, 26918 homicide cases occurred during the period from 2006 to 2016. The highest and lowest frequency was related to the 15-29 yr (46.5%) and 0-4 yr (1.5%) age groups, respectively. The homicide incidence rate of the country in 2016 was 2.81 per 100,000. The four provinces of Sistan & Baluchistan, Khuzestan, Kerman and Ilam had the highest incidence rate in 2016, respectively. During the study period, the incidence rate of homicide in Iran and men have been significantly decreased (APC: -2.8% (95% CI: -3.9, -1.7) and -3.2% (95% CI: - 4.5, -1.8) respectively (P<0.001)). Conclusion: The pattern of homicide rate has a downward trend in the country. Moreover, the varying observed trends in some provinces can be due to the variability in mental, geographical, socio-economic and cultural conditions in each region.
Substance Use among Adolescent High School Students in Nigeria and Its Relationship with Psychosocial Factors
Authors: Obadeji Adetunji , Kumolalo Banji F. , Oluwole Lateef O. , Ajiboye Adedotun S. , Dada Mobolaji U. , Ebeyi Rose Chidindu
Published: July 2020

Background:Despite the tremendous negative consequences of substances on the health and well-being of adolescents, studies continue to report the high rates of substance use among adolescents. We aimed to identify the pattern of substance use among high school students and its relationship with psychosocial factors.Study design:A cross-sectional study.Methods:The study was conducted in Oct 2019 among students in the senior secondary school in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State; southwestern Nigeria. Participants were selected using random sampling, and data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Kessler Psychological distress scale and an adapted version of the NIDA-Modified ASSIST. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were carried out to identify factors associated with psychological distress.Results:Overall, 682 students participated in the study. The lifetime and current prevalence of any substance were 17.3% (95% CI: 14.7%, 20.5%) and 11.7% (95% CI: 9.0, 14.0), respectively. Although most substance use variables increases the risk of psychological distress, history of lifetime substance use AOR= 3.03 (95% CI: 1.19, 7.72,P=0.020) and absence of direct parental care AOR=2.04 (1.19, 3.48, P=0.009) significantly increases the risk of experiencing psychological distress. Parental substance use AOR=3.48 (95% CI: 1.57, 7.69,P=0.002), male gender AOR=2.97 (95% CI: 1.82, 4.83, P=0.001) significantly increased substance use risk while having married parents AOR=0.50 (95% CI: 0.27, 0.92, P=0.027) and living with parents AOR 0.39 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.75,P=0.005) were significant protective factors.Conclusion:The prevalence of substance use among these adolescents was substantial. Drug education initiated in primary school and services aimed at promoting the mental wellbeing of adolescents may go a long way in decreasing substance use among this population.
A Comprehensive Review on Developed Pharmaceutical Analysis Methods by Iranian Analysts in 2018
Authors: Rahimpour Elaheh , Alvani-Alamdari Sima , Jouyban Abolghasem
Published: July 2020

This article summarizes the publishing activities including bioanalytical and pharmaceutical analyses researches carried out in Iran in 2018 in order to connect academic researchers to those in industry, medical care units and hospitals. A wide spectrum of analytical methods has been used to determine and/or evaluate drug levels in the biological samples, based on physical, chemical and biochemical principles. We have compiled a concise survey of the literature covering 125 reports and tabulated the relevant analytical parameters. Chromatographic and electrochemical methods were found to be the technique of choice for many workers and almost 83% studies were performed by using these methods. This is the first annual review of the literature searching in SCOPUS database for published bioanalytical and pharmaceutical analysis researches in Iran.
Metformin Had Potential to Increase Endocan Levels in STZ-Induced Diabetic Mice
Authors: Zolali Elmira , Shayesteh Sevda , Rahbarghazi Reza , Vaez Haleh , Heidari Hamid Reza , Garjani Alireza
Published: July 2020

Background:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with prominent vascular injuries. In this condition, the levels of multiple pro- and anti-angiogenic factors have been shown to change. This study aimed to investigate the possible effect of metformin on pro-angiogenic factor, endocan levels, via the modulation of p-AMPK/AMPK axis in diabetic mice. Methods: Mice were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (n=6): Control (normal saline) and the diabetic group was injected streptozotocin and two groups were given 50 and 100 mg/kg metformin orally, once daily for two weeks after diabetes induction. Endocan protein levels were detected in the liver and kidneys by ELISA and immunofluorescence analysis. Phosphorylation of AMPK was assessed using western blotting. Histological examination was performed to follow the metformin effect on Von Willebrand factor expression and diabetes-related pathologies. Results: ELISA assay showed an elevated levels of endocan in the renal and hepatic tissues of diabetic mice following treatment with metformin (p<0.05). Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry examination of kidneys showed that the increase of endocan protein coincided with the promotion of vWF factors in mice treated with metformin (p<0.05). We did not find endocan factor in hepatic tissue of diabetic mice pre- and post-treatment with metformin. Western blotting confirmed the phosphorylation of AMPK by metformin in kidneys (p<0.05), but these changes did not reach statistically significant levels in hepatic tissues (p>0.05). Conclusion: Metformin could change the endocan levels during diabetic condition possibly by the modulation of p-AMPK/AMPK axis.
A Fast and Robust Approach for the Green Synthesis of Spherical Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles byTilia tomentosa(Ihlamur) Leaves and its Antibacterial Studies
Authors: Rajendrachari Shashanka , Karaoglanli Abdullah Cahit , Ceylan Yusuf , Uzun Orhan
Published: July 2020

Background:In the past few years, Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles have gained a significant research interest in the field of biology, chemistry, metallurgy due to their wide range of applications. Some of their important applications include drug delivery, chemotherapy, low-friction seals, magnetic fluid, adsorbent, recovery of hazardous wastes, etc.Methods:In the present paper, we reported an eco-friendly route of preparing magnetite nanoparticles by using leaves of Tilia Tomentosa (Ihlamur) followed by calcination at 400 ˚C for 15 minutes.Results:The bandgap energy of the prepared Fe3O4nanoparticles was studied by UV–Visible spectroscopy and the value was found to be 3.31 eV. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image showed the spherical magnetite nanoparticles with an average size of 25 nm. The phases and thermal properties of Fe3O4nanoparticles were studied by using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The enthalpy change of Fe3O4nanoparticles was calculated by using the DTA curve and the value was found to be 4.97 kJ/mol at 8˚C/min heating rate. The antimicrobial activity of Fe3O4nanoparticles was carried out by the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) assay method. Except for B. subtilis, Fe3O4nanoparticles demonstrated significant antibacterial property.Conclusion:The prepared magnetite nanoparticles showed excellent thermal stability and less weight loss over a 30–1000 ˚C temperature range. The size of the prepared magnetite nanoparticles is very less therefore they interacted effectively with the organelle, enzymes, and cells of bacteria and inhibited bacterial growth by killing them.
Intra-Arterial Labetalol and Nitroglycerin in Preventing Radial Artery Spasm Following Transradial Angiography: A New Approach
Authors: Eslami Gohar , Golshani Samad , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Shadfar Faezeh
Published: July 2020

Background:
Radial artery spasm (RAS) resulted from decreasing blood flow and activation of vasomotor system leads to a decrease in artery diameter, perfusion and patency, and increase the risk of procedure failure. In this study, we investigated the effects of intra-arterial administration of nitroglycerin and labetalol on radial artery diameter, RAS, and pain intensity in patients undergoing diagnostic radial angiography. Methods: Sixty-four patients randomly enrolled into one of the nitroglycerin (150 μg) or labetalol (500 μg) groups. The radial artery size, and the incidence of RAS were measured before, immediately after puncture, and at the end of treatment. Pain intensity was evaluated using a visual-analog-scale (VAS) at the end of the procedure. Hemodynamic status before, and during the procedure was also recorded. Results: Labetalol causes a significantly larger increase in radial diameter than nitroglycerin immediately after intra-arterial injection (2.24±0.58 mm vs. 1.65±0.39 mm, P-value<0.001). The rate of RAS immediately after vasodilator administration in the labetalol group was 3.1% vs. 12.5% in the nitroglycerin group (P-value=0.355), but the overall incidence (immediately after administration+ at the end of procedure) did not show a statistically significant difference (53.125% vs 31.25% respectively, P-value=0.076). The VAS score did not show a significant difference between two groups (1.15±0.44 in nitroglycerin vs. 1.50±0.91, P-value=0.063). Conclusion: Labetalol increases radial artery diameter more than nitroglycerin. However, the efficacy of labetalol in terms of RAS incidence, and patients’ pain was similar to nitroglycerin. Therefore, intra-arterial labetalol could be considered as one of the therapeutic options in clinical practice in order to reduce RAS and procedure failure.
PENGARUH JENIS DAN DOSIS PENGAPURAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin BENTH.) PADA TANAH GAMBUT
Authors: Hadianto Wira , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Yuwanda Deni
Published: July 2020

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Is one of the essential oil producing plants of the Labiatae family. This study aims to determine the type and dosage of liming on the growth of patchouli on peat soils. And whether these two factors are real or not. Some of the ingredients used as ameliorant are shell ash, eggshell, and dolomite. This research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Teuku Umar University, Meulaboh, Aceh Barat on 29 October 2019 to 13 February 2020. This study used a 3 x 3 factorial randomizedblock design with 3 replicates. Variables observed included changes in soil pH at 7 and 90 HSA, number of shoots and number of leaves at 15, 30 and 45 HST, plant height and number of branches at 60, 75 and 90 HST and leaf wet and dry weight at 90 HST. The results showed that the administration of liming species was able to influence the parameters of soil pH changes at 7 and 90 HSA, the number of leaves aged 45 HST, and the number of branches aged 90 HST and the best treatment was found on the shells of shells. The administration of liming dose is able to influence the parameters of soil pH changes at 7 HSA, plant height aged 60, 75 and 90 HST, number of branches aged 60 HST and the best treatment is found at a dose of 31.25 grams / polybag. Provision of liming type and dosage gives an interaction effect on soil pH changes at 7 HSA and the number of branches aged 60, 75 and 90 HST and the best treatment is found in clam shells with a dose of 31.25 grams / polybag.Keywords: Patchouli, Calcification, Peatland
PENGARUH ANTAGONIS PEMBERIAN KULTUR CAIR Pseudomonas sp. SPESIFIK LOKASI MEUREBO DALAM MENEKAN Fusarium oxysporum PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Agustinur Agustinur , Chairudin Chairudin , Mustawa Khairul
Published: July 2020

Red chili is one of the most widely cultivated horticultural plants. The problem that is often experienced by chilli farmers is wilting caused by Fusarium oxysporum. This disease attacks plant roots and has the potential to cause damage to almost all plant organs. One of the control of these pathogens that can be done is by utilizing biological control agents such as Pseudomonas sp.. This study aims to determine the effect of using crude extract of Pseudomonassp. in suppressing the onset of wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum on Chili plants. This study used a non factorial randomized block design with a combination of dose and time of administration of Pseudomonas sp. crude extract. The results showed that variations of Pseudomonas sp. crude extract doses was not caused significant effect on the percentage of attacks and the intensity of Fusarium oxysporum attacks. While the best act for the application ofPseudomonas sp. crude extract is when planting. This is significantly different from the application 7 days before and after planting.Keywords: Fusarium wilt disease, Fusarium oxysporum, Pseudomonas sp., Antagonistic, Red Chili
Typical errors when performing intraoral periapical x-rays, and their effect on image quality
Authors: Arzhantsev A.P.
Published: July 2020

During the study, intraoral periapical images were analyzed in 300 patients. The possibilities of using the methods of radiography and their influence on the quality of the obtained x-ray images were studied. The intraoral periapical radiography was compared with the results of orthopantomography and cone beam computed tomography. To identify the features of the mapping of zones of periapical destruction, 47 experimental x-ray studies were performed on skeletonized jaws with artificial defects in cortical plates.
Often encountered errors are: an arbitrary choice of angles of inclination and the centration of the x-ray tube, the wrong location of the x-ray receiver in the patient's mouth, inaccurate installation or poor fixation of the patient's head, inefficient selection of physical and technical conditions of shooting, non-compliance with the conditions of the photo process with analog radiography or post-processing and printing digital image.
The characteristic projection distortions of images resulting from these errors are analyzed and illustrated.
Impact of medical titanium implant surface on the efficiency of fibrointegration
Authors: Davydova T. R. , Shaikhaliev А. I. , Usatov D. A. , Gasanov G. A. , Korgoloev R. S.
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to study the effect of surface branching of titanium endoprostheses on the efficiency of fibrointegration. The object of the study was samples of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V in the form of disks with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 1 mm with various surface treatments:
1) samples with a rough surface after sandblasting;
2) samples with a rough surface after sandblasting with a bioactive coating of titanium dioxide TiO2 with anatase structure.
The study of surface roughness was carried out by profilometry. Evaluation of the spreading and proliferation of cells on the surface of test samples, as well as evaluation of the effectiveness of fibrointegration was carried out according to standard methods using scanning electron microscopy. During the experiments, mesinchymal stem cells were sown on test samples and the test samples were introduced into the soft tissues of experimental animals.
Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the technology of forming rough surfaces by sandblasting does not provide high uniformity and reproducibility in the nanometer range and, apparently, another method for obtaining a rough surface should be chosen. The application of a bioactive coating of titanium dioxide TiO2 with the anatase structure to the surface of titanium endoprostheses increases the efficiency of fibrointegration, however, primarily the fibrointegration of titanium endoprostheses depends on their surface roughness, which determines the concentration of cell structures, the intensity of their adhesion and the ability to fibrointegrative process.
Association of normal oral mucosa with DNA of the main types of oncogenic viruses
Authors: Kutukova S.I. , Chukhlovin A.B. , Yaremenko A.I. , Ivaskova Yu.V. , Razumova A.Ya. , Ermakova T.S.
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of DNA viruses (HSV I and II, CMV, EBV, HPV6.11, HPV16 and HPV18) in the native oral mucosa of healthy volunteers (n=50; 30 men (60.0%), 20 women (40.0%); 25—74 years, median age — 55.0 years (95% CI 47.60-56.76)). All samples of the normal oral mucosa were detected by real-time PCR to detect viral DNA. The majority of the examined — 76% (33/50) — revealed the DNA: one type of viral DNA in 17 (38.00%) of the examined, a combination of the two types in 14 (28.00%). In the normal oral mucosa, DNA of Epstein-Barr virus was significantly more often detected: 15 (30.00%) (p = 0.0276) and human papilloma viruses 27 (54.00%) (p <0.0001), especially HPV-18 (24 (48.00%)): mono-association in 9 (18.00%) examined and in 7 (14.00%) in combination with EBV DNA (p = 0.0253).
Evaluasi Ekstraksi Molar Ketiga Rahang Bawah Berdasarkan Angulasi Mesial pada Radiografi Panoramik
Authors: Saputri Rosalina I. , Boedi Rizky M.
Published: July 2020

Abstract: Third molar development is a concern in dental care because of its influence on stomatognathic system. Due to third molar irregular pattern of eruption, different clinical and radiographic considerations on how to decide an extraction were studied. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of mandibular third molar mesial angulation (MA) towards the extractions on panoramic radiographs. This was a retrospective study. A longitudinal study of mandibular third molars (n=192) of 102 individuals (50 Female and 52 Male) was conducted. Development of the mandibular third molar was staged according to modified Köhler et al. staging technique. Mesial angulation was measured from the intersection between axes of third molar and adjacent second molar of the most developed stage for extraction cases or before root completion for non-extraction cases. Of 102 subjects, 107 mandibular third molars were extracted. The increase of 1° of MA would increase the odds ratio (OR) of extraction by 1.113 (95% CI 1.070-1.158, p<0.01). The ROC curve showed the MA of 18.5o as the threshold of extraction with 76% of sensitivity and 68% of specificity. In conclusion, MA has the possibility as a predictive factor of mandibular third molar extraction. Future studies using bigger sample sizes and variations of third molar development are suggestedKeywords: third molar, angulation, extraction, predictive factor, panoramic radiographs Abstrak: Pertumbuhan molar ketiga menjadi perhatian pada perawatan dental karena pengaruh-nya pada sistem stomatognasi. Terdapat banyak penelitian tentang berbagai pertimbangan klinis dan radiografis untuk melakukan ekstraksi molar ketiga karena pola erupsinya yang tidak menentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek angulasi mesial (AM) dari molar ketiga rahang bawah terhadap tindakan ekstraksi pada radiografi panoramik. Jenis penelitian ialah retrospektif. Pengamatan molar ketiga rahang bawah (n=192) secara longitudinal dilakukan pada 102 individu (50 perempuan dan 52 laki-laki). Pertumbuhan molar ketiga diukur berdasarkan tahap pertumbuhan dari teknik modifikasi Köhler et al. AM diukur dari pertemuan aksis molar ketiga dan molar kedua di sebelahnya, pada tahap pertumbuhan paling akhir pada kasus ekstraksi, atau sebelum akar gigi terbentuk sempurna pada kasus non-ekstraksi. Pada sampel penelitian, ekstraksi dilakukan pada 104 molar ketiga rahang bawah. Peningkatan 1o dari AM akan meningkatkan rasio peluang dari ekstraksi sebesar 1,113 (95% CI 1,070-1,158, p<0,01). Pada kurva ROC, AM sebesar 18,5o menunjukan 76% sensitivitas dan 68% spesifisitas. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah AM dapat digunakan sebagai faktor prediksi terhadap ekstraksi molar ketiga rahang bawah. Perkembangan penelitian selajutnya dapat dilakukan dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dan dengan memperhatikan pertimbahan klinis serta parameter radiografik lainnya.Kata kunci: molar ketiga, angulasi, ekstraksi, faktor prediksi, radiografi panoramik
Screening and Characterization of Proteolytic Thermophiles Bacteria from Moinit Coastal Hot-Spring, North Sulawesi
Authors: Ginting Elvy Like
Published: July 2020

Thermophilic bacteria have been recognized as the ideal producers of thermostable enzymes and therefore they have a long time become an interesting target for research. Thermophilic proteolytic bacteria from Moinit coastal hot-spring North Sulawesi Indonesia have been isolated and some of them, have been identified and reported. In this research, we reported another eleven thermophilic proteolytic bacteria from Moinit coastal hot-spring, North Sulawesi, Indonesia which designated as 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b, 4a, 11a, 11b, 16a, 16b, and 16c. Those thermophilic proteolytic bacteria had different colony and cell morphology characteristics, and biochemical characteristics. Bacterial isolate 1a, 1b, 2a, 16a and 16c were Gram negative-bacilli, 3a, 3b and 11b were Gram positive-bacilli, 4a, 11a and 16b were Gram positive-coccus. These bacterial isolates could produce proteolytic activities at 55oC. This showed their ability to produce thermostable protease extracellularly which has the potential to explore biotechnological industries.Keywords: Moinit, protease, screening, thermophilic  ABSTRAKBakteri termofilik dikenal sebagai produsen enzim termostabil dan menjadi target yang menarik untuk diteliti. Bakteri proteolitik termofil dari sumber air panas pantai Moinit Sulawesi Utara telah berhasil diisolasi dan bahkan 5 isolat bakteri telah diidentifikasi dan dilaporkan. Dalam tulisan ini, diuraikan sebelas isolat bakteri proteolitik termofil lainnya dalam kemampuannya menghasilkan protease dan karakteristik bakteri tersebut. Kesebelas bakteri adalah 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b, 4a, 11a, 11b, 16b, 16b, 16b, dan 16c yang menunjukkan karakteristik morfologi koloni dan sel bakteri, serta karakteristik biokimia yang berbeda. Isolat 1a, 1b, 2a, 16a, 16c adalah Gram negatif-basil, isolat 3a, 3b, 11b adalah Gram positif-basil, dan isolat 4a, 11a,16b adalah Gram positif-kokus. Keseluruhan isolat bakteri ini memiliki kemampuan aktivitas proteolitik pada 55oC. Hal ini menunjukkan kemampuan bakteri tersebut dalam menghasilkan protease termostabil ekstraseluler yang berpotensi untuk dieksplorasi dalam pemanfaatannya dalam bidang industri bioteknologi.Kata kunci: Moinit, protease, penapisan, termofilik
Classification Of Skin Lesions By Topological Data Analysis Alongside With Neural Network
Authors: Elyasi Naiereh , hosseini moghadam mehdi
Published: July 2020

In this paper we use TDA mapper alongside with deep convolutional neural networks in the classification of 7 major skin diseases. First we apply kepler mapper with neural network as one of its
filter steps to classify the dataset HAM10000. Mapper visualizes the classification result by a simplicial complex, where neural network can not do this alone, but as a filter step neural network helps
to classify data better. Furthermore we apply TDA mapper and persistent homology to understand
the weights of layers of mobilenet network in different training epochs of HAM10000. Also we use
persistent diagrams to visualize the results of analysis of layers of mobilenet network.
CORRELATION OF WORKING DURATION WITH LOW BACK PAIN ON DRIVER TAXI X PEKANBARU
Authors: Pratiwi Yuharika , Ayuningtiyas Ratih , Akbar Romi
Published: July 2020

Low back pain (NPB) is a pain that is felt in the lumbar or lumbosacral areas can be either local pain, radicular pain, or both, and is not a diagnosis of the disease. Almost all populations experience NPB so that it becomes a common health problem in the world. Half of the workers are thought to have experienced NPB. According to the initial survey, more than two-thirds of taxi X drivers experienced NPB. This type of study was quantitative observational with a cross-sectional design, the amount of sample was 43 respondents. The study aimed to determine the relationship between the length of work with the incidence of lower back pain (NPB) of taxi X drivers Pekanbaru. Data analysis was used univariate and bivariate analysis by Chi-square test. The results obtained p-value = 0.008 and PR = 2.917 (95% CI = 1.462-5.819) which means there was a relationship between the length of work with NPB on taxi drivers X Pekanbaru. Taxi drivers who have worked > 8 hours have a risk of 2,917 times more likely to experience NPB compared to those who have worked ≤ 8 hours. The conclusion of the study there was a relationship between the length of work with the NPB on taxi drivers X Pekanbaru which was a risk factor.