bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keanekaragaman dan Sebaran Mikroba Endofit Indigenous Pada Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril)
Authors: Septia Erfan Dani , Parlindo Fitra
Published: April 2019

Permintaan yang tinggi terhadap komoditas Kedelai seiring dengan peningkatan konsumsi masyarakat pada produk-produk olahannya. Kenyataan tersebut tidak diimbangi dengan peningkatan produktivitas kedelai dalam negeri. Riniarsi (2016) melaporkan bahwa produktivitas kedelai tahun 2016 bahkan mengalami penurunan sebesar 3.95% dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya.  Faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan produksi kedelai salah satunya karena penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus tanaman. Seiring dengan tren pengurangan bahan kimia sintetis pada praktik budidaya tanaman, aplikasi mikroba endofit indigenous menjadi solusi alternatif dalam pengendalian penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman mikroba endofit indigenous pada berbagai bagian jaringan tanaman kedelai dan menguji virulensinya secara in vitro.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplorasi. Hasil eksplorasi cendawan endofit indigenous berjumlah 11 isolat dan bakteri berjumlah 3 isolat. Cendawan endofit indigenous berhasil diisolasi dari seluruh jaringan tanaman, kecuali polong. Keragaman cendawan endofit indigenous tertinggi terdapat pada jaringan akar dan batang, yaitu masing-masing berjumlah 4 isolat. Identitas cendawan endofit indigenous yang berhasil diidentifikasi antara lain adalah Fusarium sp., Verticilllum sp., Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., dan Penicillium sp. Adapun 6 isolat lainnya tidak dapat terindentifikasi. Bakteri endofit indigenous hanya terisolasi dari jaringan polong, akar, dan tanah. Seluruh bakteri merupakan golongan bakteri Gram negatif. Berdasarkan hasil Uji Hipovirulensi, terhadap 7 isolat cendawan endofit indigenous yang masuk dalam kategori hipovirulen dan 4 isolat lainnya bersifat virulen. Sedangkan semua isolat bakteri endofit indigenous yang diuji menunjukkan kategori virulen.
PEMROSESAN CITRA DIGITAL UNTUK KLASIFIKASI TANAMAN CABAI MENGGUNAKAN JARINGAN SARAF TIRUAN BACKPROPOGATION
Authors: Aldiansyah Mochammad Arie
Published: April 2019

Tanaman cabai merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dapat ditanam di Indonesia, tanaman cabai di Indonesia terdapat berbagai macam jenis, dari yang mudah diidentifikasi perbedaan setiap jenisnya seperti cabai merah dan cabai hijau, maupun hingga yang cukup sulit dibedakan jenisnya seperti cabai ceplik, cabai domba, dan cabai rawit. Pemanfaatan pemrosesan citra digital dan sistem jaringan saraf tiruan pada tanaman cabai juga bisa dipergunakan untuk membedakan jenis tanaman cabai sehingga dapat memaksimalkan penggunakan tanaman cabai itu sendiri, karena setiap jenis dari tanaman cabai memiliki sifat dan cita rasa yang berbeda pula yang terdapat pada tanaman cabai tersebut.

            Pemrosesan citra pada tanaman cabai ini memerlukan input berupa citra buah cabai yang diambil menggunakan kamera digital, lalu citra buah cabai diolah dengan menggunakan Matlab. dan jaringan saraf tiruan. Parameter yang digunakan untuk masukan jaringan saraf tiruan adalah panjang buah cabai, model atau bentuk buah cabai, nilai red, green, blue, variatif warna pada buah cabai dan juga rasa pada buah cabai. Hasilkan output  proses citra digitalbuah cabaiadalah menentukan jenis buah cabai secara akurat. Untuk meminimalisir error dalam proses pengolahan citra maka digunakan algoritma backpropation yang dimana menggunakan 3 layer, yaitu input layer, hidden layer, dan output layer
Remote Control Pada Robot Mobile Pembersih Lantai Menggunakan Smartphone Dengan Kendali Sensor Accelerometer
Authors: Musri Tengku , Nasir Muhamad
Published: April 2019

Technological developments are needed in the completion of a job both working automatically and manually with good results. In this need, a technology is used which has certain advantages in a matter. For example, a room cleaning device that is a vacuum cleaner that is often used by housewives to clean dirt and dust is used because it can   ease   the   work,   the   vacuum   cleaner   that   is   currently   in   use   by   manual   and   automatic. This study proposes a controlling mobile vacuum cleaner by utilizing an accelerometer sensor found on a smartphone with Bluetooth communication media between robots and smartphones. An accelerometer is used to control  the  motion  of  a  robot  by  taking  changes  in  values   from  the  slope  angles  X,  Y  and  Z. With the vaccum cleaner robot, it is hoped that it can provide better work results in cleaning the room from dirt and dust, as well as providing convenience in controlling the vaccum cleaner robot for ordinary people. From the results of manual control trials on the robot, the accuracy of the control accuracy is 95%. The maximum range of Bluetooth signals reaches 30 meters without obstacles and there are obstacles. This vacuum cleaner robot can suck up dirt in the form of torn paper, sugar and coffee.
ENGINEERING METHODS FOR CALCULATING THE HIGHER WATER LEVELS OF THE UNEXPLORED TRANS-URAL LAKES
Authors: Klimenko D. E. , Kharlamova E. O.
Published: April 2019

The article presents a method for calculating the water levels provided of the unexplored lakes of Trans-Urals, based on the analysis of materials of long-term observations of the water levels of the studied lakes, analysis of the morphometric characteristics of the surface of lakes and hydrographic characteristics of their catchments, as well as data of long-term meteorological observations. The relevance of the development of this methodology is due to the fact that the current standard SP 33-101-2003 “Determination of the main calculated hydrological characteristics” offers a method for calculating the water levels of unexplored lakes only for the territories of Karelia, the Kola Peninsula, the northern and central regions of the European territory of Russia; for the territory of the Urals, the parameters of the methodology are missing. The aim of the study is to develop a publicly available engineering method for calculating the highest water levels of unexplored waste lakes. The limiting amplitude of the fluctuation of the water level in natural lakes is determined by the excess of the input part of the water balance over the expenditure part for a group of years. This excess, which is an indicator of changes in the volume of water in the lake basin in engineering methods for calculating levels can be characterized by the ratio of the surface area of the lake and its catchment area. The synchronism of the perennial fluctuations of the water level in lakes with integral difference functions of the area's wetting coefficient (the ratio of precipitation over the warm period to the evaporation over the same period) and precipitation over the warm period at the nearest weather stations has been established. The dependence of the water levels of the lakes with a moisture ratio and the amount of precipitation allows one to reconstruct the series of the highest water levels of the lakes under conditions of a limited duration of the observation series. The considered technique does not contradict the requirements of standards and can be used when performing engineering and hydrometeorological surveys.
USING SEISMOACOUSTIC METHODS IN KARST TERRITORIES OF LARGE CITIES (A CASE STUDY OF MOSCOW AND NIZHNY NOVGOROD)
Authors: Kochev A. D. , Chertkov L. G.
Published: April 2019

Various geophysical methods are used to study the karst of carbonate massifs, the effectiveness of which in the conditions of large cities is low, since they are affected by intense industrial and transport disturbances. The paper discusses the use of seismic acoustic methods of ground and borehole geophysics: the method of the common depth point (CDP), the method of refracted waves (MRW), crosswell seismoacoustic sounding (CSS). It is shown that seismic survey methods provide more informative engineering-geological research. The use of a non-explosive source of excitation of seismic vibrations made it possible to carry out research in urban areas. As a result of the implementation of a system for accumulating useful seismic signals, informative material was obtained in areas of intense industrial interference. The resolution of seismic surveys on the mapping of coal deposits and the construction of maps of the paleorelief is clearly visible from a comparison of geological maps constructed from drilling data and taking seismic studies into account. In combination with crosshole seismic acoustic sounding, it is possible to fix relatively large karst cavities and destroyed zones. Complicating in the interpretation of seismoacoustic indicators is the fact that the carbonate massif is often a relatively evenly karsted system in the form of karst cavities of various sizes (mostly irregular in shape, filled or open), fracturing, cavernosity and porosity. As a result, the motley pattern of the distribution of the velocities of elastic waves is averaged, making it difficult to isolate low-velocity zones confined to karst cavities. Additionally, according to the data of microseismic logging — vertical seismic profiling (MSL — VSP), it is possible to identify low-speed zones associated with decompaction in the upper cover layer of rocks, from which sandy sediments are transported to a carbonate strongly karsted massif. Seismoacoustic sounding allows you to control the quality of grouting works when filling karst cavities with cement mortar.
RESULTS OF INTERPRETATION OF SEISMIC SECTIONS DURING ENGINEERING SURVEYS WITHIN OF THE SOUTH-KIRINSKOYE OIL AND GAS CONDENSATE FIELD (SHELF OF SAKHALIN ISLAND)
Authors: Leksin V. K. , Samarin V. I. , Liskovyi P. N.
Published: April 2019

High-resolution 2D seismic is the main and optimal method in marine engineering geophysics, which for many years has worked well for the production of semi-submersible drilling rigs, self-lifting drilling rigs, construction of berthing facilities and bridges. The main objective of this method is to identify near-surface gas, faults, which are geological hazards. The method used for performing marine research is longitudinal profiling of reflected waves with a 48-fold overlap of the reflecting horizons. To obtain high-quality seismic migrated sections, we have previously developed a unified data processing algorithm for the offshore areas of the South-Kirinskoye oil and gas condensate field (Sakhalin shelf). More than 8,000 line km of seismic data were processed. The article presents the sequence of interpretation, as well as an analysis of the presence of hazards in the project wells (objects). To isolate potentially dangerous objects for each horizon, a dynamic analysis was carried out, which included the definition of the following parameters: maximum and minimum peak amplitude. The systematization and classification of amplitude anomalies was carried out according to such features as a phase change, frequency reduction, the presence of a supply channel and distortion (false deflection) of all underlying boundaries, indicating the possible presence of gas. The probable hazard levels for drilling operations were determined. All the identified anomalies in the process of interpreting seismic sections were mapped to the geological hazards to select the optimal and safe installation point for drilling a prospecting or exploration well.
What is an Organic Substance?
Authors: Silverberg Lee
Published: April 2019

No exact definition of an “organic” substance has been agreed upon by the chemical community and textbook definitions vary substantially. The question of what exactly constitutes an “organic” substance is explored in this paper.
Minimally Empirical Double Hybrid Functionals Trained Against the GMTKN55 Database: revDSD-PBEP86-D4, revDOD-PBE-D4, and DOD-SCAN-D4
Authors: Santra Golokesh , Sylvetsky Nitai , Martin Gershom
Published: April 2019

We present a family of minimally empirical double-hybrid DFT functionals parametrized against the very large and diverse GMTKN55 benchmark. The very recently proposed wB97M(2) empirical double hybrid (with 16 empirical parameters) has the lowest WTMAD2 (weighted mean absolute deviation over GMTKN55) ever reported at 2.19 kcal/mol. However, our xrevDSD-PBEP86-D4 functional reaches a statistically equivalent WTMAD2=2.22 kcal/mol, using just a handful of empirical parameters, and the xrevDOD-PBEP86-D4 functional reaches 2.25 kcal/mol with just opposite-spin MP2 correlation, making it amenable to reduced-scaling algorithms. In general, the D4 empirical dispersion correction is clearly superior to D3BJ. If one eschews dispersion corrections of any kind, noDispSD-SCAN offers a viable alternative. Parametrization over the entire GMTKN55 dataset yields substantial improvement over the small training set previously employed in the DSD papers.
Electrochemically Gated Long Distance Charge Transport in Photosystem I
Authors: López Martínez Montserrat , Ortiz Manuel López , Antinori Maria Elena , Wientjes Emilie , Croce Roberta , Díez-Pérez Ismael , Gorostiza Pau
Published: April 2019

The transport of electrons along photosynthetic and respiratory chains involves a series of enzymatic reactions that are coupled through redox mediators, including proteins and small molecules. The use of native and synthetic redox probes is key to understand charge transport mechanisms, and to design bioelectronic sensors and solar energy conversion devices. However, redox probes have limited tunability to exchange charge at the desired electrochemical potentials (energy levels) and at different protein sites. Here, we take advantage of electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ECSTM) to control the Fermi energy and nanometric position of the ECSTM probe in order to study electron transport in individual photosystem I (PSI) complexes. Current-distance measurements at different potentiostatic conditions indicate that PSI supports long-distance transport that is electrochemically gated near the redox potential of P700, with current extending farther under hole injection conditions.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA MAHASISWA (LKM) MATA KULIAH DASAR-DASAR IPA BERBASIS MODEL ALLR (ACTIVITY BASED-LESSON LEARN-REFLECTION) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER CALON GURU IPA
Authors: Sari D. A. P. , Widodo Wahono , Martini Martini , Suyanto Totok
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa (LKM) Dasar-dasar IPA yang diharapkan dapat membekali mahasiswa calon guru IPA dengan keterampilan proses sains sekaligus nilai-nilai positif melalui pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan karakter ini dianggap perlu karena maraknya konflik-konflik intoleransi dan keadilan sosial yang terjadi di masyarakat akhi-akhir ini. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai integritas bangsa Indonesia perlu mendapatkan perhatian, terutama dalam hal etika, moral, dan kepercayaan. Pentingnya nilai-nilai ini karena semangat gotong royong dan saling bekerjasama merupakan karakter Bangsa Indonesia. LKM yang dikembangkan melalui tahapan perancangan, penyusunan, validasi, dan revisi sehingga dihasilkan produk LKM Dasar-dasar IPA berbasis model ALLR (Activity Based-Lesson Learn-Reflection). Hasil pengembangan LKM menghasilkan empat kegiatan LKM yang dibagi menurut topik pembahasan yang berbeda-beda dengan menggunakan serangkaian aktivitas yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains. Selain itu, LKM juga dirancang untuk pengintegrasikan pendidikan melalui pembelajaran pemaknaan konten-konten IPA ke dalam nilai-nilai positif yang berkaitan dengan nilai toleransi dan keadilan sosial. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa LKM Dasar-dasar IPA layak digunakan dengan nilai presentase validasi LKM 1 sebesar 76.79%, LKM 2 sebesar 82.14%, LKM 3 sebesar 92.85%, dan LKM 4 sebesar 76.78%.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РІВНІВ ФІЗИЧНИХ ФАКТОРІВ У ПРИМІЩЕННЯХ ДИСПЕТЧЕРСЬКИХ СЛУЖБ АЕРОПОРТІВ ЦИВІЛЬНОЇ АВІАЦІЇ
Authors: Glyva V. , Nikolaiev K. , Tykhenko O. , Tymoshenko O.
Published: April 2019

Предметом представленої роботи є процеси формування комплексу фізичних факторів у приміщеннях диспетчерських служб аеродромів цивільної авіації. Мета дослідження – натурні вимірювання кількісних значень найбільш критичних фізичних факторів та надання науково обґрунтованих рекомендацій з їх нормалізації та підтримання на нормативному рівні. Для досягнення поставленої мети визначені наступні задачі: вимірювання напруженостей магнітного та електричного полів промислової частоти, індукції стаціонарного магнітного поля, густини потоків енергії електричних полів, радіочастот, напруженостей електростатичних полів та концентрації аероіонів обох знаків у повітрі робочої зони. На основі отриманих даних розроблені рекомендації з управління та підтримки стандартного рівня виміряних фізичних факторів. Методами досліджень є інструментальні вимірювання рівнів фізичних факторів, розрахунковий та графоаналітичний методи. У результаті вимірювань рівнів фізичних факторів у диспетчерських вежах аеропортів встановлено наступне. Напруженості магнітного та електричного полів промислової частоти, густини потоків енергії електромагнітних випромінювань радіочастот, стаціонарних магнітних полів перебувають на нормативному рівні та не потребують коригування. Повітря робочої зони є повністю деіонізованим. Це обумовлене наявністю ненормативних рівнів електризації полімерних поверхонь. Цей висновок зроблено на основі виконаного моделювання відповідних процесів та підтверджено експериментально. Для нормалізації аероіонного складу повітря рекомендовано використовувати спеціально розроблений ультразвуковий іонізатор повітря. Його перевагою є відсутність генерації озону та оксидів азоту у процесах коронних розрядів. Досліджено ефективність розробленого іонізатора повітря. Показано, що зона впливу іонізатора задовільна, при цьому відбувається підвищення відносної вологості. Це сприяє зниженню електризації поверхонь. Зроблено висновки про фактичний стан рівнів фізичних факторів. У приміщеннях диспетчерських служб аеропортів доведено необхідність нормалізації аероіонного складу повітря і надано спосіб її реалізації.
ПОМИЛКА ВИМІРЮВАННЯ РАДІАЛЬНОЇ ШВИДКОСТІ ЦІЛІ ВНАСЛІДОК ВПЛИВУ ФЛУКТУАЦІЙ ПОЧАТКОВИХ ФАЗ РАДІОІМПУЛЬСІВ ПАЧКИ
Authors: Karlov V. , Kuznietsov O. , Artemenko A. , Karlov А.
Published: April 2019

У статті розглядаються питання оцінювання радіальної швидкості при використанні когерентної пачки радіоімпульсів стосовно випадку наявності у відбитих від цілі радіоімпульсах корельованих флуктуацій початкових фаз. Оцінюється точність вимірювання частоти пачки для випадку узгодженої обробки без врахування фазових флуктуацій її радіоімпульсів. Розгляд проводиться у припущенні, що на вхід приймального пристрою РЛС надходить адитивна суміш відбитих від цілей сигналів й некорельованого гаусівського шуму. Вважається, що фазові флуктуації радіоімпульсів прийнятої пачки розподілені за нормальним законом с нульовим середнім, а кореляція фазових флуктуацій зі збільшенням інтервалу між радіоімпульсами пачки убуває за експоненціальним або знакозмінним законами. Наведений аналіз дозволяє визначити умови, при яких ускладнення алгоритму обробки даного радіолокаційного сигналу вважається виправданим.
ДІАГНОСТИЧНА МОДЕЛЬ ВИХІДНОГО ТРАНСЛЯТОРА НАПІВПРОВІДНИКОВОЇ ІНТЕГРАЛЬНОЇ СХЕМИ
Authors: Kuzavkov V. , Redziuk Yе.
Published: April 2019

Представлено нову діагностичну модель базового логічного елементу (вихідного транслятора напівпровідникової інтегральної мікросхеми) для вдосконаленого індукційного методу діагностування. Процес визначення технічного стану сучасного радіоелектронного озброєння пов'язаний з реєстрацією та обробкою діагностичних параметрів. Основу цифрової схемотехніки становлять логічні інтегральні мікросхеми, особливості будови яких дозволили отримати математичні вирази для розрахунку значень діагностичного параметру визначення технічного стану як окремих компонентів цифрової електроніки так і цілком зразка радіоелектронного озброєння. Нова діагностична модель відображує зв'язок струму через вихідний транслятор логічної інтегральної мікросхеми з фізико-хімічними процесами, які відбуваються в напівпровідникових структурах радіоелектронних компонентів під час експлуатації (старіння).
СТАБИЛИЗАЦИЯ НЕУСТОЙЧИВЫХ СОСТОЯНИЙ ОБРАТНОГО МАЯТНИКА С ВИНТОВЫМИ ЭЛЕКТРОПРИВОДАМИ
Authors: Kulik A. , Dergachov K. , Pasichnik S. , Nemshilov Yu.
Published: April 2019

Предметом изучения в статье является технологический процесс аналитического синтеза алгоритмов стабилизации неустойчивых состояний обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами. Целью является разработка технологии оптимального аналитического синтеза алгоритмов стабилизации неустойчивых состояний обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами. Задачи: сформировать физическую модель обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами. Разработать с помощью Лагранжевого формализма нелинейную математическую модель обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами как объекта автоматической стабилизации. Построить линеаризованную математическую модель объекта автоматической стабилизации в пространстве состояний. Проанализировать функциональные свойства объекта автоматической стабилизации. Сформировать структурные схемы системы автоматической стабилизации состояний обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами. Получить аналитические соотношения для вычисления оптимальных значений параметров алгоритмов стабилизации неустойчивых состояний обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами. Синтезировать для конкретного обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами алгоритм оптимальной стабилизации углового положения. Используемыми методами являются: метод Лагранжа, аналитической линеаризации, пространства состояний, преобразования Лапласа. Получены следующие результаты. Сформирован технологический процесс оптимального аналитического синтеза алгоритмов стабилизации неустойчивых состояний обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами. На конкретном числовом примере проиллюстрирована продуктивность предложенного процесса аналитического конструирования и инструментальных средств для параметрического синтеза алгоритмов стабилизации обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами. Выводы. Научная новизна полученных результатов состоит в следующем: получены разнотипные модели обратного маятника с винтовыми электроприводами как объекта автоматической стабилизации, отличающиеся от известных учетом динамических свойств винтовых электроприводов, создающих управляющие моменты стабилизации. Сформированы условия выбора параметров пропорционально-дифференциальной структуры алгоритмов стабилизации для обеспечения устойчивости и оптимальности переходного процесса замкнутой системы стабилизации, отличающиеся от известных спецификой формирования управляющих моментов стабилизации по интегральному критерию взвешенного модуля ошибки.
Challenges in modelling the proportion of undiagnosed HIV infections in Sweden
Authors: Andersson Emmi , Nakagawa Fumiyo , van Sighem Ard , Axelsson Maria , Phillips Andrew N , Sönnerborg Anders , Albert Jan
Published: April 2019

Background

Sweden has a low HIV prevalence. However, among new HIV diagnoses in 2016, the proportion of late presenters and migrants was high (59% and 81%, respectively). This poses challenges in estimating the proportion of undiagnosed persons living with HIV (PLHIV).

Aim

To estimate the proportion of undiagnosed PLHIV in Sweden comparing two models with different demands on data availability and modelling expertise.

Methods

An individual-based stochastic simulation model of HIV positive populations (SSOPHIE) and the incidence method of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) HIV Modelling Tool were applied to clinical, surveillance and migration data from Sweden 1980–2016.

Results

SSOPHIE estimated that the proportion of undiagnosed PLHIV in 2013 was 26% (n = 2,100; 90% plausibility range (PR): 900–5,000) for all PLHIV, 17% (n = 600; 90% PR: 100–2,000) for men who have sex with men (MSM), 35% in male (n = 300; 90% PR: 200–700) and 34% in female (n = 400; 90% PR: 200–800) migrants from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The estimates for the ECDC model in 2013 were 21% (n = 2,013; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1,831–2,189) for all PLHIV, 15% (n = 369; 95% CI: 299–434) for MSM and 21% (n = 530; 95% CI: 436–632) for migrants from SSA.

Conclusions

The proportion of undiagnosed PLHIV in Sweden is uncertain. SSOPHIE estimates had wide PR. The ECDC model estimates were unreliable because migration was not accounted for. Better migration data and estimation methods are required to obtain reliable estimates of proportions of undiagnosed PLHIV in similar settings.
Increase of invasive meningococcal serogroup W disease in Europe, 2013 to 2017
Authors: Krone Manuel , Gray Steve , Abad Raquel , Skoczyńska Anna , Stefanelli Paola , van der Ende Arie , Tzanakaki Georgina , Mölling Paula , João Simões Maria , Křížová Pavla , Emonet Stéphane , Caugant Dominique A. , Toropainen Maija , Vazquez Julio , Waśko Izabela , Knol Mirjam J. , Jacobsson Susanne , Rodrigues Bettencourt Célia , Musilek Martin , Born Rita , Vogel Ulrich , Borrow Ray
Published: April 2019

Background

The total incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Europe has been declining in recent years; however, a rising incidence due to serogroup W (MenW), predominantly sequence type 11 (ST-11), clonal complex 11 (cc11), was reported in some European countries.

Aim

The aim of this study was to compile the most recent laboratory surveillance data on MenW IMD from several European countries to assess recent trends in Europe.

Methods

In this observational, retrospective study, IMD surveillance data collected from 2013–17 by national reference laboratories and surveillance units from 13 European countries were analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results

The overall incidence of IMD has been stable during the study period. Incidence of MenW IMD per 100,000 population (2013: 0.03; 2014: 0.05; 2015: 0.08; 2016: 0.11; 2017: 0.11) and the proportion of this serogroup among all invasive cases (2013: 5% (116/2,216); 2014: 9% (161/1,761); 2015: 13% (271/2,074); 2016: 17% (388/2,222); 2017: 19% (393/2,112)) continuously increased. The most affected countries were England, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Sweden. MenW was more frequent in older age groups (≥ 45 years), while the proportion in children (< 15 years) was lower than in other age groups. Of the culture-confirmed MenW IMD cases, 80% (615/767) were caused by hypervirulent cc11.

Conclusion

During the years 2013–17, an increase in MenW IMD, mainly caused by MenW cc11, was observed in the majority of European countries. Given the unpredictable nature of meningococcal spread and the epidemiological potential of cc11, European countries may consider preventive strategies adapted to their contexts.
Significant step in the formation of the pro-Turkish policy of hetman Petro Doroshenko
Authors: Shcherbak Vitalii
Published: April 2019

It is outlined in the article the level of political consciousness of the Cossack officers of the Zaporozhian Army in the second half of the 17 century. Summer 1665 Petro Doroshenko, experienced Cossak leader, became Hetman of Right-Bank Ukraine. He made great efforts to unite all ethnic Ukrainian lands into the one state. Hetman sought at the same time to find an understanding with both the Tsar of Moscow and the King of Rzecz Pospolita. However, their efforts for retaining the lands of the Zaporozhian Army, influenced on to the Doroshenko foreign policy vector. With the signing Andrusovo Truce between Moscovia and Rzecz Pospolita (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) in January 1667, Hetman hopes
to unite under his power both banks of the Dnieper became problematic. That’s why, he decided to cooperate with Ottoman Porte. Sultan Mehmed IV responded positively to the request of the Ukrainian hetman. The ongoing diplomatic contacts was culminated by the decision of Chyhyryn Cossack Council on 10 August 1668, of the begging of legal official relations. The project of Ukrainian-Turkish agreement clearly demonstrated the domination of the idea of own state under the rule of the Ottoman Porte in the political consciousness of the right-bank officers. First of all, it was stated that the new agreement had to continue the tradition launched by Bohdan Khmelnytskyi in its orientation to the Ottoman Empire. It contained a significant note, that Turkish troops, during hostilities in Ukraine, were unconditionally subordinated to Zaporozhian Army Hetman. Suzerain was forbidden to interfere in domestic Ukrainian affairs, in particular in a time Hetman elections. The Union should have been “a true friendship and consent”, on the sample treaty between Turkey and the Crimean Khanate. It was clearly defined boundaries of Ukrainian state and conditioned by the question under what circumstances Zaporizhzhya
Army could go to break the treaty.
The Draft Constitution of the Ukrainian People’s Republic of 1917: conditions of emergence, content, contemporary interpretations
Authors: Pyzhyk Andrii , Sliusarenko Yurii
Published: April 2019

The Draft Constitution of the Ukrainian People’s Republic (UNR), was prepared by the Commission of the Central Council of Ukraine in December 1917, had almost not been reflected in contemporary Ukrainian historiography. The subject of the research is the results of the work of the Legal Document Preparation Commission, which gave a legitimacy to the restoration of the Ukrainian statehood and were embodied in the Draft Constitution of the UNR. The methodology of the article is determined by the requirements of historical and legal research. The method of comparative legal analysis of legislative acts and normative documents allows comparing the Draft Constitution of the UNR with the Statute on the State System, Rights and Freedoms of the UNR, worked out on the basis of the above mentioned Draft. The analysis of the constitutional draft was
carried out taking into account the specific historical conditions and circumstances of its emergence, according to the historical method of the interpretation of law. The method of qualitative analysis of legal documents was used to scrutinize the norms enshrined in the Draft Constitution of the UNR. The usage of various research methods allows following the evolution of the constitutional entrenchment of the restoration of Ukrainian statehood in the Universals of the Central Council of Ukraine, in laws and constitutional documents, as well as presenting Mychailo grushevsky’s vision of components of the future constitution, his confidence in the democratic character of the Ukrainian state, giving an opportunity to analyze the draft Constitution of the UNR, published in December 1917, and comparing
it with the Statute on the State System, Rights and Freedoms of the UNR, which was approved by the Small Council in April 1918. According to the constitutional draft, the UNR, consisting of 10 provinces, should become an autonomous part of the Russian Federal Republic. The Draft Constitution included also the principles of popular sovereignty, democratic system, the division of powers, the creation of check-and-balance system in the functioning of the authorities, judicial guarantees of the sovereignty of the Ukrainian republic, decentralization and development of self-government, protection of the citizen rights and the rights of national minorities.
ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL E PSICOLOGIA NOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS
Authors: Nepomuceno de Oliveira Raquel Campos , Crisóstomo Vicente Lima , Oliveira Elenilce Gomes de
Published: April 2019

@font-face{ font-family:"Times New Roman"; } @font-face{ font-family:"宋体"; } @font-face{ font-family:"SimSun"; } @font-face{ font-family:"Mangal"; } p.MsoNormal{ mso-style-name:Normal; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-indent:35,4500pt; mso-hyphenate:none; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; vertical-align:baseline; line-height:150%; font-family:'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal; font-size:12,0000pt; mso-font-kerning:0,5000pt; } span.msoIns{ mso-style-type:export-only; mso-style-name:""; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; color:blue; } span.msoDel{ mso-style-type:export-only; mso-style-name:""; text-decoration:line-through; color:red; } @page{mso-page-border-surround-header:no; mso-page-border-surround-footer:no;}@page Section0{ } div.Section0{page:Section0;}A execução da política de Assistência Estudantil nas Instituições Federais de Ensino solidificou-se e ganhou projeção com a publicação do decreto que institui o Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil em 2010. Embora o Decreto nº 7.234/2010 não apresente orientações detalhadas sobre a execução das ações, é a partir de sua publicação que se torna possível investir em áreas específicas, consideradas essenciais à garantia do direito dos estudantes de não apenas ingressar nessas instituições, como também receber o suporte necessário à vida acadêmica e concluir seus cursos em condições equitativas. Dessa forma, a presença da psicólogos e psicólogas na rede federal se amplia, e a atuação da Psicologia na Assistência Estudantil dos Institutos Federais passa a ser objetivo de estudos mais recentes. Verificam-se tendências progressitas na Assistência Estudantil dos Institutos Federais e necessidades de adequação do trabalho da Psicologia. Apresentam-se propostas voltadas para a atuação em Psicologia Escolar e Educacional como alternativa para as instituições. Reflete-se sobre a importância de adequar as ações à real demanda institucional.
PSICOLOGIA ESCOLAR E EDUCACIONAL NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA: CONSTRUINDO PRÁTICAS CRÍTICAS
Authors: Cardoso Antonio Alan Vieira , Oliveira Elenilce Gomes de
Published: April 2019

A atuação do psicólogo no campo ainda pouco desbravado da educação profissional e tecnológica é desafiadora visto que são poucas as experiências consolidadas na área e, portanto, os referenciais de prática profissionais são escassos. Partindo dessa realidade o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir práticas em psicologia escolar e educacional desenvolvidas no contexto do Instituto Federal do Ceará (IFCE), buscando aprofundar os estudos já realizados e ampliar o quadro de produções teórico-práticas da área. As informações e questão de análise, objeto do presente trabalho, foram levantadas em pesquisa qualitativa com dezesseis psicólogos do IFCE que participaram de entrevista semiestruturada que buscava abordar a atuação desses profissionais, os desafios da prática cotidiana e suas estratégias de superação dos entraves do contexto de trabalho. Os resultados apontam para três eixos principais de atuação: acompanhamento psicológico individual; execução de campanhas com demais profissionais da Assistência Estudantil e; desenvolvimento e elaboração de projetos com foco em discentes e comunidade acadêmica. Esse conjunto de práticas reflete os processos de transformação pelos quais passa a atuação em psicologia escolar e educacional na educação profissional, científica e tecnológica.
Obesity: Ethnic and Regional Differences in the Diet and Gut Microbiota (Review)
Authors: Novikova Evgeniya A. , Bairova Tatyana A.
Published: April 2019

Problems of obesity, nutrition and microbiota are discussed in this review. In a world of constant economic and cultural changes traditional diet is being replaced by western diet, rich in free sugars, saturated fats, salt, and characterized by increased average daily dietary energy consumption intake. Such «western-style» diet is associated with high weight gain, leading to metabolic disorders, namely diet-related obesity, which is rapidly increasing globally. The impact of ethnicity to the development of obesity as inter-ethnic and intra-ethnic differences in dietary habits is showed. Dietary habits of different countries, including ethnic minorities, provide a specific pattern of gut microbiota and microbiome. In the context of globalization, international migration and rapid urbanization, changes in dietary habits occurred without proper adaptation of gut microbiota. Gut microbiota plays the fundamental role in regulation and pathogenesis of metabolic disorders due to making metabolites for normal human development, therefore gut microbiota dysbiosis may lead to metabolic dysfunction, including obesity. The review shows actual worldwide data of evolution of adult obesity over time, dietary energy consumption in different country and different climatic regions. It analyzes changes in gut microbiota composition depending on traditional or western diet, and on nationality and race.
FACTEURS DÉTERMINANT L’IMPLICATION DES OPÉRATEURS DANS UNE POLITIQUE DE STOCKAGE INCITATIVE : CAS DU DISPOSITIF DE RÉGULATION SYRPALAC EN ALGÉRIE.
Authors: Hitouche Salim , Pham Hai-Vu , Brabez Fatima
Published: April 2019

In 2008, public authorities in Algeria created the “Syrpalac” mechanism in order to reduce price fluctuation of consumption potatoes. The mechanism calls private storage operators for the constitution of the stocks of regulation. It is a voluntary policy, whose success is depending on the effective implication of these storage operators. Our research consists on identifying factors that determine the implication of the storage operators to Syrpalac. Our results show that these factors are the perception of financial incentive, the profit margin, the diversification of the storage operators, the production area, the volumes and the mode of storage. They suggest that policy improvements are possible, which will help the regulatory authority.
THE INFLUENCE OF PROGRAM PLANNING, WORK CULTURE AND DISCIPLINE WORK AGAINST THE SERVICE QUALITY OF CLEANLINESS ON THE WARDS GAMBIR SUBDISTRICT OF GAMBIR
Authors: Raharja Ryan
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the magnitude of theinfluence of program planning, work culture, and discipline work against the service quality of cleanliness on the wards gambir subdistrict of gambir. The theory used in this study refers to the opinion of Terry,Gunawan, Sulaksono, Setyaningdyah and Sedarmayanti that there is influence between program planning, work culture, cleanliness anddiscipline work against quality of service hygiene.
Using Optimisation and Machine Learning to Validate the Value of Infrastructure Investments
Authors: Flores Rodolfo Garcia , banerjee soumya , Mathews George
Published: April 2019

When stakeholders commit to building infrastructure as part of strategic, long-term planning, the final facilities are not normally amenable to modification after completion. A consequence of this is that users are forced to operatewithin the original specifications for, at least, as long as it takes to carry out major refurbishments or retrofitting, and even then, the constraints imposed by the original layout may be inescapable.On one hand, the original infrastructure plans enhance (or limit) the users' ability to operate efficiently for years to come. As time passes and the payback period approaches, changing operating conditions and unforeseen bottlenecks in the original blueprint can, at best, affect the economic returns and, at worst, defeat the purpose of the whole project (see, for example, Castellon airport in Spain, which was built but is grossly underutilised), producing unanticipated economical, social and political repercussions. On the other hand, managers and operators (that is, those living with the consequences of the strategic planning) have some leeway to compensate for miscalculations by means of their tacticaland operational planning.In this chapter, we explore the use of quantitative techniques to, first, amend bottlenecks and uncertain market and operating conditions that affect the performance of infrastructure investments (the tactic and operational levels), and second, validate the effectiveness of the original infrastructure design (the strategic level) under these changing conditions.More specifically, we present a rail scheduling case study where we combine demand forecasting using Machine Learning techniques and formal Operations Research methods to assess and maximise the value of already-existing infrastructure.Rail scheduling is a typical optimisation problem popular in the literature, but its potential value is bounded not only by its technical properties and specifications (how good the algorithm is) but also by the accuracy of data feeding the algorithm. Such data is critical in specifying the demand thata facility will experience in the future, and the costs that will be incurred to operate it. The use of intensive data analytics and appropriate Machine Learning techniques can resolve this and provide a substantial competitive edge forinvestors and operators of rail inter-modal terminals.We anticipate that Machine Learning algorithms that predict future demand, coupled with optimisation techniques that streamline operations of facilities, can be integrated to create tools that help policy makers and terminal operators maximise the value of their current infrastructure, while meeting ever-changing demand.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN PELATIHAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI BANK BRI CABANG PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: elfina
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi dan pelatihan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai Bank BRI Cabang Pematangsiantar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bank BRI Cabang Pematangsiantar. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai BRI Cabang Pematangsiantar sebanyak 36 orang dan semuanya dijadikan sabagai sampel. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket dan kuesioner. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara serentak motivasi dan pelatihan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Bank BRI Cabang Pematangsiantar dimana motivasi memiliki pengaruh yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan pelatihan kerja.
Ridwan Fatriawan 175100049 pengertian jaringan router
Authors: fatriawans Ridwan
Published: April 2019

Jaringan komputer adalah sebuah kumpulan komputer, printer, dan peralatan lainnya yang terhubung. Informasi dan data bergerak melalui kabel-kabel sehingga memungkinkan pengguna jaringan komputer dapat saling bertukar dokumen dan data, mencetak pada printer yang sama dan bersama sama menggunakan hardware/software yang terhubung dengan jaringan. Tiap komputer, printer atau periferal yang terhubung dengan.Perangkat keras yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun sebuah jaringan komputer yaitu : Komputer, Card Network, Hub, dan segala sesuatu yang berhubungan dengan koneksi jaringan seperti: Printer, CDROM, Scanner, Bridges, Router dan lainnya yang dibutuhkan untuk process transformasi data didalam jaringanKata Kunci :pengertian jaringan router
The Dogmatic Mixture Model Overestimates False Positives
Authors: Schimmack Ulrich , Brunner Jerry
Published: April 2019

The Bayesian Mixture Model (Gronau et al., 2017) imposes a dogmatic prior on the standard deviation of the z-curve under H1 (for true hypotheses). When actual data have a standard deviation greater than 1, this dogmatic prior leads to inflated estimates of the false positive rate. We demonstrate that false positive estimates decrease when the dogmatic prior is replaced by a free prior. The estimate for cognitive psychology dropped from 40% to 11%. The estimate for social psychology dropped from 62% to 40%. We discuss these results in the context of other meta-analytic models that assume selection for statistically significance.
Identifikasi tingkat perkembangan remaja siswa SMA di kota Singkawang pada aspek landasan hidup religius
Authors: Istirahayu Iip , Mayasari Dian
Published: April 2019

Every Man has always been progressing in a phase of life. Disturbance at onestage will hinder the development as a whole. The purpose this research is toidentify the level of development of adolescents of high school students inSingkawang on a foundation of religious life aspect. This research is aquantitative inferential. The study was conducted on the 12 SMA inSingkawang. Data collection technique is using the Inventory Task Progress(ITP). Data were analyzed using Task Analysis Progress (ATP) with theadoption of the categories in the Encoding level of development. The resultsshowed that the development of adolescent high school students inSingkawang on the runway area religious life is one school located at saksamalevel and 11?? schools at the level of individuality
A critique of life history approaches to human trait covariation
Authors: Zietsch Brendan P. , Sidari Morgan J.
Published: April 2019

Covariation of life history traits across species may be organised on a ‘fast-slow’ continuum. A burgeoning literature in psychology and social science argues that trait covariation should be similarly organised across individuals within human populations. Here we describe why extrapolating from inter-species to inter-individual trait covariation is not generally appropriate. The process that genetically tailors species to their environments (i.e. Darwinian evolution) is fundamentally different from processes that tailor individuals to their environments (e.g. developmental plasticity), so their outcomes in terms of trait covariation need not be parallel or even related. We discuss why correlational selection, physical linkage, pleiotropy, and non-random mating do not substantively affect this claim in the context of complex human traits. We also discuss life history trade-offs and their relation to inter-individual trait covariation. We conclude that researchers should avoid hypotheses and explanations that assume trait covariation will correspond across and within species, unless they can mount a theoretically coherent argument to support this claim in the context of their research question.
Toward a Cross — Cultural Conceptualization of Family Modernity
Authors: Safilios-Rothschild Constantina
Published: April 2019

Family modernity is conceptualized as the degree to which a multipicity of equally acceptable models of familiar behavior co-exist so that individuals have a wide range of options as to what type of “family” to have and how to behave as family members. Family as well as societal and individual modernity are seen as multidimensional and the inter-relationships between these three levels of modernity examined. Since no specification of the content of modernity is made, modernity may be expressed very differently in various cultures. Cross-cultural comparisons will be possible, however, through the “conceptual equivalence” between the ranges of options followed in each culture.
Marriage Prestations, Inheritance and Descent in Pre-Industrial Societies
Authors: Goody Jack R.
Published: April 2019

An attempt is made to explore the nature of dowry and to explain why certain features such as bilateral inheritance, bilocal marriage, endogamy and hypergamy are often associated with it. It begins by laying out the general categories of rights and goods transferred at or through marriage. It then discusses different forms of inheritance and descent, pointing out the variable factors involved and relating them in particular to the inheritance of land and hence to problems of residence. Finally, systems of inheritance are linked with the broad types of marriage payment, and it is pointed out that dowry is not the opposite of bridewealth, being a settlement on the wife, either directly from the parents, or indirectly from the husband.