bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intimate Partner Violence Against Men in Germany—A Study on Prevalence, Victim–Offender Overlap, and the Role of Parental Violence
Authors: Schemmel Jonas , Maciey Dario , Goede Laura-Romina
Published: February 2025

We present data on intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization, perpetration, and victim–offender overlap in Germany, focusing on the impact of parental violence. We collected a sample using a register-based procedure where 183 randomly selected municipalities provided the addresses of 12,000 randomly selected men aged 18 to 69. Out of these men, a total N of 1,209 answered questions on their experiences with IPV and parental violence as children. In our sample, lifetime prevalences of IPV victimization ranged from 5.4% (sexual violence) to 39.8% (psychological violence), and 12-month prevalences ranged from 2.8% (digital violence) to 25.1% (coercive control). The sample’s corresponding lifetime prevalences of IPV perpetration ranged between 2.3% (digital violence) and 33.4% (psychological violence). Overall, there was a victim–offender overlap of 39.5%, which was particularly pronounced for non-physical IPV (psychological: 23.6%; coercive control: 20.3%). Offending only was most frequently reported for coercive control (18.4%). Across the different IPV types, victimization was consistently associated with verbal parental violence in childhood. Being victimized by verbal parental violence and witnessing violence between parents were predictive of later being involved in psychological violence as a victim-only or as both a victim and offender. Being a victim of physical parental violence in childhood more than doubled the odds of being a victim–offender of physical IPV, and increased the odds of becoming an offender-only of sexual IPV. These findings suggest that distinguishing clearly between victim and offender is often challenging in IPV research and reaffirm the well-established link between parental violence and IPV in the context of IPV against men.
The study of transitional care on the psychological state of patients with advanced lung cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Tang A-Mao , Wang Miao , Ning Li , Lin Lijun , Li Yi-Min
Published: February 2025

Background

Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Patients with an advanced stage need to face negative effects from chemotherapy, dread of dying, weakened role function and physical and mental suffering.

Objectives

To examine the effect of transitional care on the psychological state of patients with advanced lung cancer chemotherapy.

Methods

Seventy-two patients with advanced lung cancer who underwent chemotherapy in our hospital were arbitrarily split into the experimental group (30 cases) and the control group (31 cases). The control group received routine discharge care, whereas the experimental group received transitional care. The scores were compared before the first chemotherapy, the day after the end of the first-cycle chemotherapy, and the third week after the end of the 4-week chemotherapy according to SCL-90, PSS, PFE-R, SES, QLQ-C30, the rate of unplanned re-diagnosis and nursing satisfactory.

Results

There was no significant difference in all aspects of scores between the two groups before and after chemotherapy (P > 0.05). Whereas there were significant differences in emotional function, fatigue, insomnia, depression and interpersonal sensitivity between the two groups after 4 cycles of chemotherapy (P < 0.05). The scores of PSS and PFE-R decreased significantly in the two groups, and the SES and QLQ-C30 in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.05).

Findings

Applying transitional care intervention can lessen patients’ negative emotions since being discharged with advanced lung cancer following chemotherapy and diminish the rate of unplanned re-diagnosis.
Technological integration in timing of endoscopy: Predictive modeling for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding outcomes
Authors: Miao Yangde , Gu Ajun , Yu Guang , Tang Binbin
Published: February 2025

Background

Technological advancements have revolutionized the management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB). However, the impact of endoscopic timing on treatment outcomes remains a critical area of exploration.

Objective

This study evaluated the role of endoscopic timing in improving treatment outcomes for AUGIB and introduces a predictive model incorporating clinical and technological insights.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of AUGIB patients treated between December 2020 and December 2023 was conducted. Logistic regression identified significant predictors of outcomes, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated their predictive value. A predictive model was developed based on these findings.

Results

Among 145 patients, 35 (24.1%) experienced rebleeding. Key predictors included endoscopic timing, active bleeding, shock on admission, and bleeding volume (p < 0.05). The predictive model demonstrated robust performance (C-index: 0.885, 95% CI: 0.810–0.956), emphasizing the clinical relevance of precise timing in endoscopic intervention.

Conclusion

This study underscores the importance of integrating technology with clinical practice to optimize endoscopic timing and improve AUGIB outcomes. The predictive model offers a valuable tool for risk stratification and clinical decision-making in modern healthcare settings.
The material force of categories
Authors: Percival Tomas , Bergstrom-Katz Sasha
Published: February 2025

The function of categories of the human sciences is a well-established field of scholarly inquiry, animated by debates over their capacity to reduce, exclude, determine, abstract, produce, loop, control, and/or restrain. This special issue takes an interdisciplinary perspective to investigate urgent questions about the ‘material force’ of categories as they operate in practice. Specifically, we emphasise the plasticity of categories and how their ambivalent boundaries can render their categorical forcefulness continuously operative. Categories morph and shift as they traverse different fields, re-articulating difference as they interact with divergent institutions and epistemic infrastructures. The five interdisciplinary articles in this issue explore the material force of categories across varied contexts, including the prison system, digital culture, legal frameworks, psychiatric diagnostics, and applied governmental research. In so doing, the special issue as a whole emphasises the capacious yet persistent nature of categorisation, revealing how, in multiple ways, categories can stabilise the management of people precisely through their inherent structures of contingency and ambivalence.
Tax reform coalitions for urban development: the politics of property tax reform in Sierra Leone
Authors: van den Boogaard Vanessa
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the possibilities and limitations of coalitions in overcoming constraints to property tax reform, drawing on two case studies of recent reform experiences in Sierra Leone. The first case shows how support from international partners enabled the local government in Freetown to manoeuvre around political resistance to reform. The second shows how reform coalitions outside of Freetown have recognized traditional chiefs as potential reform spoilers and have thus attempted to formalize their role in local revenue collection. Together, these case studies illustrate how reform coalitions can mitigate political and elite resistance by leveraging international partnerships and aligning stakeholder incentives. However, they also point to the challenges of building popular support to sustain reforms. Beyond taxation, these insights shed light on broader questions of how reform coalitions can navigate pluralized systems of authority to address entrenched resistance to reform and support sustainable governance transformations across diverse policy domains.
Evaluating the effectiveness of green finance mechanisms, digitalization, globalization, and renewable energy consumption in advancing environmental sustainability in G20 countries
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Yunrong Long , Zia Muhammad Azam , Hashim Muhammad , Bhatti Uzair Aslam , Bhatti Mughair Aslam , Hasnain Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Climate change, caused by the burning of fossil fuels, has emerged as an acute world problem, especially in the Group of Twenty (G20), where CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases are accumulating. This research examines how energy consumption, digitization, internationalization, and green finance affect the environmental sustainability of G20 countries in 2004–23. It also discusses how green technology innovation mediates these relationships. The research-based analysis of World Development Indicators and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development data employed static panel data, fixed-effects models, and STATA software for econometrics. The findings also reveal that the four variables, namely green finance, digitalization, globalization, and energy consumption, significantly and positively correlated with environmental sustainability. It was also revealed that green technology innovation has a significant, although negative, impact on mediating these factors. Logically, these outcomes point to the fact that, as much as green technology innovation is crucial, the integration into the sustainability framework has to improve its synchronization with other variables. The study provides new insights into enhancing green market systems in G20 countries to facilitate low-carbon technology exchange for emissions reduction. The findings of this research could be helpful for policymakers to improve green financing strategies, promote digitalization for environmental upgrading, and support effective energy use.
Multidisciplinary approach for reconstructing past local land-use practices: Two case studies from the Ligurian Apennines, north-western Italy
Authors: Molinari Chiara , Menozzi Bruna Ilde , Montanari Carlo , Branch Nicholas , Stagno Anna Maria
Published: February 2025

Characterising local pastoral activities and multiple management systems that shaped past and present landscapes is critical for better understanding main historical processes of biodiversification, species distributions and biomass. The aim of the present paper is to add new information on previous studies by combining biostratigraphical proxies (pollen, charcoal and non-pollen palynomorphs) with data from written historical records (cartographic and archival) and archaeological excavations for the last centuries from two sites located in the eastern Ligurian Apennines, north-western Italy. Additionally, a statistical approach was used to calculate the relative importance of temperature variations, fire dynamics, changes in arboreal coverage, presence of stagnant water/temporary pools and grazing pressure on selected groups of pollen taxa associated with different management practices for the specific study area. The use of a multiple analytical methodology allowed highlighting several phases of land-use, which could be related to different socio-economic strategies sometime associated to historical conflicts between local communities. Our analyses identified indicator species of the past presence of cultivated fields, meadows, grazing areas and use of controlled fires, as well as heathlands and wetlands managed for pasture and agriculture, and provided evidences of the disappearance of landscapes more ‘complex’ than today, due to the abandonment of past management practices. These results have relevance for improving the ability to manage ecosystems during current and future environmental changes.
Forgiveness Climate and Perceived Firm Performance: A Serial Mediation Model
Authors: Shantoo Arman Hossen , Islam Saiful , Chowdhury Sourav Paul , Eni Lima Nasrin , Rahman Md. Mostafizur , Hossain Md. Alamgir
Published: February 2025

Drawing on the social exchange theory (SET), the study aims to investigate the influence of forgiveness climate (FGC) on a firm’s overall performance and the mediating role of positive psychological capital (PPC), organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), job satisfaction (JBS) and employee performance (EMP). We collected responses using a structured questionnaire by online survey method from 408 selected service providers and analyzed the data using smart partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). Our study reveals that FGC is positively related to a firm’s overall performance. It finds the mediation effect of PPC, OCB, JBS, and EMP between FGC and perceived firm performance (FOP). The findings have practical implications for business firms, suggesting that fostering an FGC in the workplace can significantly enhance positive workplace behaviour that positively affects a firm’s overall performance. As clearly outlined in the study, these implications are crucial for organizational researchers, HR personnel and practitioners.
Evaluation of the social inclusion programme in Slovenia
Authors: Vidmar Gaj , Brecelj Valentina
Published: February 2025

Background

People who are unable to work because of a disability are at risk of social exclusion, so a special programme was introduced in Slovenia – the Social Inclusion Programme (SIP) – to support, maintain and develop the work skills, social skills and social integration of unemployable people with disabilities.

Objective

To assess to what extent inclusion in the SIP benefits the programme's users.

Methods

In the period between 2020 and 2023, 752 users were enrolled in the SIP at 22 programme providers with units in 45 locations throughout Slovenia, who were assessed by vocational rehabilitation professionals on a 6-month basis. The professionals used a questionnaire that comprised demographic data, health status, frequency of participation in the SIP programme, and ratings of three domains (work adaptability, personality adaptability and interpersonal relationships).

Results

Because of the large sample size, the worsening of the mean ratings of personality adaptability and interpersonal relationships was statistically significant, but it was negligible from the practical viewpoint. There was no statistically significant change regarding work adaptability. In all three domains, young people showed a slight improvement on average, whereas older people showed more deterioration on average than the middle-age group.

Conclusion

Overall, the work-related and social skills of the programme users remained practically unchanged over a period of approximately two to three years. This can probably be considered a success, because substantial deterioration would likely have occurred without the programme.
The Crisis of Care: A Curated Discussion
Authors: Bailyn Lotte , Bear Julia B. , Beckman Christine M. , Carboni Inga , Clair Judith , De Vos Ans , Dokko Gina , Fletcher Joyce K. , Hall Douglas T. (Tim) , Harrington Brad , Goldin Claudia , Kelly Erin L. , Kossek Ellen Ernst , Lovejoy Meg , Mazmanian Melissa , Ramarajan Lakshmi , Reid Erin M. , Rothbard Nancy P. , Stone Pamela , Thomas Njoke , Van der Heijden Beatrice I. J. M. , Wilk Steffanie , Wittman Sarah
Published: February 2025

Caregiving and career have been primarily studied by management scholars for their incompatibility. Largely ignored have been the consequences of this approach for the lives of workers. Yet the need for both childcare and eldercare is on the rise, women are increasingly integrated into the workforce, and, for many, retirement is being delayed. Particularly in the United States, workers and their families are experiencing a crisis of care. In this curated piece, we identify—and aim to dismantle—four myths that have allowed management research and practice to segment care and work. Contributors bring economics, feminist theory, sociology, organizational behavior, and careers perspectives to provide a broader vision both of the problem and of how management research might advance toward theoretical and practical solutions.
Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus, Risk Factors and Screening for Cervical Cancer Among Women in Ghana
Authors: Nartey Yvonne , Amo-Antwi Kwabena , Osei-Ntiamoah Betty , Hill Philip C , Dassah Edward T. , Asmah Richard H. , Nyarko Kofi M. , Agambire Ramatu , Konney Thomas O. , Yarney Joel , Damale Nelson , Cox Brian
Published: February 2025

Background

Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most common cancer among women, with 662,301 new cases and 348,874 deaths reported in 2022. The majority of the disease burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries. In Ghana, there were 3072 new cases and 1815 deaths reported in 2022. While human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a key cause for cervical cancer, resolves in most individuals, it can progress to cancer in some. This has led to research into other factors that may, in conjunction with HPV, increase the risk of cervical cancer progression. Improving knowledge of HPV, risk factors, and screening will be important in reducing the burden of cervical cancer. In this study, we investigate the knowledge on HPV, risk factors, and cervical screening among women in Ghana.

Methods

A hospital-based case-control study was conducted among women aged 18 to 95 years. This involved Ghanaian women diagnosed with cervical cancer and hospital controls. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and basic descriptive analyses were performed.

Results

Results from the 206 cases and 230 controls revealed limited knowledge about HPV and its role in cervical cancer development, with minimal disparity between women with (2.4%) and without (6.5%) cervical cancer. The majority of participants lacked awareness of HPV transmission (95.9%), and awareness of HPV vaccination was low (3.5%). Barriers to HPV vaccination included insufficient awareness about HPV, limited access to vaccination centers, and cost concerns. Respondents expressed a preference for educational programs delivered through church, radio, and television channels.

Conclusions

Knowledge of HPV, risk factors, and cervical screening was found to be very low among Ghanaian women. These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive cervical cancer educational initiative within Ghana’s national cervical cancer control policy to mitigate the disease’s impact.
Perceptions of Pandemic Messaging Across 36 Weeks: A Repeated Cross-Section Design With U.S. Adults
Authors: Jensen Jakob D. , Barbour Joshua B. , Lillie Helen M. , Ratcliff Chelsea L. , Pokharel Manusheela , King Andy J.
Published: February 2025

To understand public perceptions of pandemic messaging, we surveyed U.S. adults for 36 consecutive weeks starting on March 12, 2020. Using a repeated cross-section design, we tracked intentions to engage in protective behaviors, demographics, and four message perceptions: exhaustion, overload, repetition, and exaggeration. Exhaustion increased over time and became negatively related to intentions (rising negativity model). Exaggeration was stable across the 36 weeks, yet had the strongest negative relationship with intentions and that relationship increased over time (fixed model with increasing negative relationship). Overload and repetition were positively related to intentions, but the relationships faded over time (fading positivity model).
Numerical analysis of film thickness loss and film temperature of variable viscosity hydrostatic bearing
Authors: Yanqin Zhang , Jinming Jiang , Dunyao Long , Shi Jin
Published: February 2025

In this study, Q1-224 double rectangular cavity hydrostatic plain bearing was selected as the research object, theoretical analysis, variable viscosity simulation and experimental verification is adopted as study method. The 6DOF Dynamic Mesh and compile UDF program for boundary motion and variable viscosity conditions were used to simulate oil film temperature of hydrostatic bearing with variable film thickness under different working conditions. The simulation results showed that under the same initial film thickness, the pressure loss caused by the increase of rotation speed would make the film thickness thinner and caused the “oil loss phenomenon.” The rotational speed range increases from 40 r/min to 120 r/min, and the oil film thickness loss rate increases from 5% to 17%. With the increase of rotation speed, the oil film temperature gradually increased, the oil film thickness loss was greater and the oil film temperature rise was more serious, the oil film temperature rise was greatly affected by the oil film thickness loss. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical findings was proved by designing experiments. The research conclusion of this paper provided a theoretical reference for lubrication design of variable viscosity hydrostatic bearings.
Pitfalls and Platforms in Workplace Violence Prevention
Authors: Blair Ellen W. , Allen Diane E. , Delaney Kathleen R. , Lindvall Ruthy , McGill Amanda , Polacek Michael , Schneider Lisa , Sharp David , Weaver Tamsyn
Published: February 2025

Objective:

To identify common pitfalls of workplace violence (WPV) prevention programs, as well as platforms for effective WPV prevention and management. This discussion paper elaborates on these pitfalls and platforms, sharing ideas on how to maintain safety and provide support for both colleagues and patients.

Methods:

The American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA) Council for Safe Environment (CSE) members met monthly to discuss WPV prevention, guided by evidence-based information, clinical expertise, and scholarly work. Concepts around WPV prevention were organized into common pitfalls in WPV prevention programs and optimum WPV prevention platforms. Pitfalls include reliance on attempts to control patients through strict rules, restrictions, and risk identification and monitoring. Alternatively, effective platforms include engagement-focused, relationship-based, trauma-informed and recovery-oriented practices. Education to develop staff skills and expertise beyond crisis prevention training and violence assessment is highlighted, giving voice to nurses’ intuitive expertise in preventing, identifying, and diverting aggressive behaviors. Peer and organizational support interventions for nurse victims of violence are also examined.

Results:

Safe environments are enhanced when staff are actively engaged in efforts to discern and meet individual needs, engage with the patient, build trust, and communicate hope for recovery. Organizational cultures founded on concepts of trauma-informed care can provide the support victims of violence need to recover and develop resilience and post-traumatic strength.

Conclusion:

Risk management strategies alone are ineffective means of preventing WPV in psychiatric settings. Organizations must strike a balance between ensuring safety and providing a therapeutic atmosphere.
Apple peel flour instead of sugar in sponge cake: Nutritional, sensory, physical, and microbiological evaluation
Authors: Quitral Vilma , Cueto Matías , Pérez María-Teresa , Sepúlveda Marcela , Flores Marcos
Published: February 2025

Apple peels are considered “inedible parts,” however, they can be dehydrated and ground to use as an ingredient in bakery products. The present study aims to evaluate the replacement of 25% and 50% sugar in sponge cakes for apple peel flour (APF) cakes by comparing their nutritional composition, sugar profile, microbial development, sensory preference and acceptability, color, and specific volume. The results showed that by incorporating APF into sponge cakes, the dietary fiber content increases, and the concentration of total sugars and energy intake significantly decrease. As disadvantages, it is revealed that APF does not inhibit microbial development and the specific volume decreases when incorporating APF. The sample with the greatest preference and sensory acceptability corresponds to the 25% sugar replacement with APF.
Vitiligo: A Review of Pathogenesis and Treatments, Including New Therapies on the Horizon
Authors: Retamal Catalina , Hartmann Dan , Valenzuela Fernando
Published: February 2025

Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentation skin disease caused by the immune-mediated death of melanocytes. It is the most common cause of depigmentation with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 1% but has shown insufficient response to current therapies. The latest research in vitiligo pathogenesis has translated into finding new molecular targets [type I interferon and Janus kinase signal transducers and transcription activators (JAK STAT) pathways], with new therapies generating promising results, such as JAK inhibitors. Other therapeutic strategies include phototherapy, surgical treatment, and complementary options such as micropigmentation, microneedling, and lasers. This review aimed to discuss the mechanisms involved in the development of the disease and the new therapeutic options that have become available, as well as the evidence on complementary therapies. For this purpose, a review of the evidence was conducted using the PubMed database. Based on this review, it was concluded that the progress in understanding the pathophysiology of vitiligo has allowed for the consideration of new molecular targets, with JAK inhibitors showing particular promise in both systemic and topical applications. Nonetheless, further investigation is required to assess the safety of JAK inhibitors and to determine the optimal regimen and dosage for administering these drugs. Complementary treatments should be considered on a case-by-case basis.
Development and validation of a Coping Scale for pregnant women in Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Aqsa , Fatima Iram , Tariq Omama
Published: February 2025

This study developed and validated the Pregnancy Coping Scale (PCS) for women in Pakistan. Fifty-two items were generated from a literature review and interviews with 20 pregnant women. Six psychologists evaluated the content validity. Construct validity was evaluated with 230 pregnant women aged 18–40 recruited from government and private hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Principal component analysis produced 35 items across seven factors, with Cronbach’s alphas ranging from 0.52 to 0.72. Convergent and discriminant validity were evaluated in a subsample of 140 participants who completed the Revised Prenatal Coping Inventory (Nu-PCI). A correlational analysis indicated convergence with four Nu-PCI subscales; the remaining subscales supported discriminant validity. The PCS demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity for assessing pregnancy coping in a collectivistic culture.
Distributed decision-making for lumbar spine surgery: A qualitative interview study with patients and neurosurgeons
Authors: Solvang Per Koren , Ingebrigtsen Tor , Grotle Margreth , Groven Karen Synne , Dahl-Michelsen Tone
Published: February 2025

Lower back pain with or without radiating leg pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Several treatment options are available, and this article aims to understand better the decision-making involved in selecting appropriate treatments. A qualitative interview study was conducted with patients with lumbar spinal disorders and neurosurgeons specialising in spine surgery. Both groups of participants were asked to reflect on the decision-making process regarding whether to pursue surgery for back pain. The theoretical approach of distributed decision-making was applied. Results indicated that patients activated diverse information sources and considerations derived from their social networks when in the consultation room. Surgeons, on the other hand, were equipped with research-based knowledge and clinical practice experience. Effective communication was a shared concern for patients and surgeons during the actual decision-making. Factors such as patient diversity, the language used to discuss disease and illness, and the interpretation of risks played pivotal roles in the decision-making process. Regarding self-understanding, patients acted as agents for illness coping in their social networks. Surgeons recognised the imperative skill of facilitating rich patient dialogue as a crucial element in shared decision-making regarding potential surgical interventions. These findings demonstrate the importance of understanding decision-making as a distributed process where patients and clinicians are embedded in social networks and institutional contexts. In this process, patients must be recognised and engaged as individuals with diverse backgrounds and needs, especially during discussions focused on determining the most effective treatment approach for their specific cases.
Childhood cancer survivors’ utilization of primary care provider services and barriers to primary care
Authors: Guttoo Parishma , Olsavsky Anna , Ralph Jessica , Bajwa Rajinder , Lipak Keagan , Adewumi Aminat , Guthrie Lory , Olshefski Randal , Gerhardt Cynthia , Skeens Micah
Published: February 2025

This cross-sectional study explores the types of preventive and chronic care survivors of childhood cancer and pediatric bone marrow transplant receive from their primary care providers. We also identified barriers perceived by survivors to utilization of primary care. Survivors were recruited from a large Midwestern pediatric hospital and completed a demographic and an eight-item semi-structured survey. Parents of survivors <18 years completed the survey for their child and survivors >18 years completed on their own. A total of 259 caregivers (55.7%) and 206 survivors (44.3%) participated. The mean survivor age was 19.76 ( SD = 8.89). Most survivors reported having a PCP ( n = 400, 87.1%). A subset of survivors self-reported visiting a PCP for chronic care ( n = 79, 16.7%). Most common reasons for not having a PCP included unsure who to see ( n = 27, 52.9%) and lack of insurance ( n = 10, 19.6%). Annual family income ( β = 1.53, 95% CI [1.26, 1.86]) and healthcare insurance ( β = 6.02, 95%CI [1.25, 29.08]) were predictive of having a PCP. Despite having a PCP, few survivors visited them for chronic care. Interventions are needed to facilitate the transition of survivors to a PCP for management of chronic conditions after their cancer treatment.
More than just belonging? Uniqueness’ role in inclusion experiences
Authors: Versteegen Peter Luca , Adams Byron G.
Published: February 2025

Inclusion experiences are central to an individual’s well-being, but when do individuals feel included? Does it suffice to belong to the larger group (e.g., a work team or society), or do individuals also need to feel unique within that group, as optimal distinctiveness research would suggest? In this paper, we examine whether feeling unique improves an individual’s well-being beyond belonging only. Two correlational studies with Europe-based employees ( N = 292, N = 295) show that uniqueness explains well-being when controlling for belonging. An online experiment from a general sample in the US ( N = 666) provides indicative causal evidence that feeling unique improves well-being while holding belonging constant. Together, this research indicates that uniqueness plays a vital role in individuals’ inclusion experiences, such that it improves well-being beyond belonging. However, isolating the two components remains intricate, and we discuss avenues for future research to operationalize the two inclusion needs.
Associations between serum metabolic syndrome indicators levels and cerebrospinal fluid pathological protein in dementia and pre-dementia patients
Authors: Ding Jiayi , Quan Meina , Zang Peixi , Jia Jianping
Published: February 2025

Background

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was associated with an increased incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and progression to dementia.

Objective

To study the associations between MetS indicators and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in the participants.

Methods

61 normal cognition, 66 mild MCI, and 135 dementia participants were included in our study, with the results of lumbar puncture and peripheral blood biochemistry. The CSF levels of amyloid-β (Aβ)42 protein, total tau protein, phosphorylated tau protein, and Aβ42/40 ratio, were selected as the biomarkers. The body mass index, the plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and homocysteine levels were selected as indicators of MetS. Linear regression model was used to analyze the correlation in all participants and different cognitive stages, controlling for age, gender, and APOE genotype.

Results

Our study showed that MetS indicators were associated with CSF biomarkers in participants after adjusting for possible confounding factors, including age, gender, and APOE genotype. The results of our grouping analysis further supported the potential association between plasma MetS indicators and CSF biomarkers in three group. We found that the dementia group showed the greatest correlation coefficient.

Conclusions

The CSF pathological proteins concentrations were associated with MetS indicators, and the correlation coefficient were greater in the dementia stage. These findings suggest that regulating peripheral metabolism may affect the level of pathological proteins in the brain to improve cognitive impairment.
Motion analysis and training optimization for track and field athletes based on machine vision
Authors: Deng Chao
Published: February 2025

Athletics is a highly technical and comprehensive sport that requires not only the technical ability of athletes but also strong physical fitness. The traditional training method mainly relies on the experience and observation of coaches, lacking objective and quantitative analysis. On this basis, this article proposed an EfficientPose model based on mobile neural networks and combined it with the RANSAC matching algorithm to achieve real-time analysis and optimization of the process of track and field sports. The significance of this research lies in its potential to enhance athletic performance through advanced motion analysis. The purpose of the study was to develop a method for real-time analysis and optimization of athlete movements. Firstly, motion data was collected through a camera during the movement process. Secondly, the EfficientPose model was used to locate key moving points in real-time. Targeted training plans were then proposed to improve and optimize movements. The research results indicated that the EfficientPose model could effectively analyze and optimize athlete movements during training.
Ecological park planning and environmental art innovation using genetic algorithm
Authors: Ren Hanxiao
Published: February 2025

In response to the problems of poor dynamic adaptability and difficulty in multi-objective optimization in ecological park planning and environmental art innovation research, this article used genetic algorithm (GA) to conduct relevant research and analysis. By constructing a model based on GA, five objective functions were designed, including environmental protection, resource utilization, aesthetic effects, economic costs, and sustainable development (SD). The effectiveness of the model was verified through specific experiments. The fitness value of the model can be used to evaluate its superiority or inferiority. The experimental results show that the optimized ecological park planning scheme has achieved significant results in all objectives. The fitness values of the five optimization objectives were 0.99, 0.97, 0.97, 0.94, and 0.92, and the overall fitness value was 0.965.
Constructing and evaluating the effects of an immersive teaching mode for art education based on machine learning
Authors: Zhang Tianxiang
Published: February 2025

As art education increasingly emphasizes personalized and experiential learning, traditional teaching methods are in need of reform. Immersive teaching modes, by offering highly interactive and personalized learning experiences, can enhance students’ artistic practice abilities and esthetic appreciation. This study aims to construct an immersive teaching mode for art education based on machine learning and to evaluate and adjust its effectiveness. Initially, we developed a set of personalized recommendation strategies using sentiment analysis, knowledge graphs, and learner interaction data to build an art teaching mode tailored to different students’ needs. Subsequently, we employed the k-medoids clustering algorithm and convolutional neural networks (CNN) to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of the immersive teaching mode and optimize the teaching mode using the results of sentiment analysis. Existing research in the personalization and intelligence of art education remains insufficient; the machine learning approach provided in this study better understands students’ needs and feedback, allowing for the personalized customization of teaching content and strategies. The results indicate that this teaching mode effectively improves students' art learning outcomes and satisfaction, offering new insights and tools for the modern development of art education. The innovation of this paper lies in the construction of an immersive teaching model for art education based on sentiment analysis, knowledge graphs, and learner interaction data. This model is evaluated and dynamically adjusted using the k-medoids clustering algorithm and CNN.
Effects of copper on the localised corrosion and repassivation kinetics of Fe-20Cr-xCu(x = 0, 1, 2 wt%)
Authors: Ahn SooHoon , Oh KkochNim
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the influence of copper (Cu) content on the localised corrosion behaviour and repassivation kinetics of Fe-20Cr-xCu (x = 0, 1, 2 wt.%) stainless steels (SSs). The effects of Cu on film breakdown, re-passivation kinetics, and crack propagation in these alloys are systematically analyzed. Electrochemical noise analysis is employed to examine the film breakdown frequency of SSs, revealing a notable increase in current peaks with higher Cu content, indicative of enhanced film breakdown. Additionally, the rapid scratching electrode technique is utilised to assess the repassivation kinetics, where it is observed that the repassivation rate decreases with increasing Cu content, indicating that the recovery of passivation in Cu-containing SS is inhibited. Furthermore, simulation of crack growth at the crack tip via an occluded corrosion cell test highlights an accelerated anodic dissolution rate of the small anode with increasing Cu content, signifying Cu's role in promoting crack propagation in SSs.
Building Capacity for Community-Engaged Peer-Focused Research: Results From the IRIS Recovery Research Fellowship
Authors: Gilgoff Jon N. , Barreira Victoria , Quinn Sofia A. , Shook Erika , Hamm Robert B. , Frey Jodi J. , Unick Jay , Robinson Riley , Wagner Fernando A.
Published: February 2025

Engaging peers and other substance use service providers in research increases the relevance and impact of findings, including ways to further integrate peers into the recovery workforce. Academics also have much to learn about peer recovery by engaging professionals with lived experience in collaborative research. Despite these benefits, there have been few intersectoral, peer-focused initiatives dedicated to building research skills through hands-on scientific inquiry. Grounded in community-based participatory research, the IRIS Recovery Research Fellowship aimed to develop connectedness, commitment to peer workforce integration, trust in research, research skills, and practice-driven studies. Learning sessions and research coaching were provided to a cohort of 17 peers, other agency staff, and academics. Evaluation was conducted using mixed methods. Pre- and post-test surveys measured change over time using paired-sample t-tests. Thematic analysis was used for open-ended responses and Rivers of Life drawings. All fellows completed studies while contributing to a position paper on peer workforce integration. Results indicated statistically significant gains in trust in qualitative research, connectedness, and an array of research skills. The fellowship “drove home the value and necessity of peers,” leading to increased advocacy for peers and enhanced studies on peer services. Additional fellowship and related professional development opportunities are needed to build research capacity for peers and other providers, for researchers to ground inquiry in peer recovery, and for interdisciplinary groups to engage in recovery research. These activities will help to ground practice in the evidence base, support employers to effectively integrate peers into the workforce, and strengthen scientific inquiry.
Anticipatory justice: Exploring expectations of police treatment and trust in police
Authors: Madon Natasha S
Published: February 2025

Post 9/11, Muslims in the West have experienced heightened surveillance from the police and the broader public. This suspicion has been associated with Muslims’ lack of trust and confidence in the police. However, there has been no research to date which has explored how expectations of treatment shape these views. This study is the first to introduce the theoretical framework of anticipatory justice, or non-normative treatment expectations, to policing scholarship. Deploying an exploratory qualitative design, this study examines how one stigmatised group – Middle Eastern Muslims in Sydney, Australia – anticipate treatment by the police and the effect of anticipatory (in)justice on trust. The findings suggest that the extent to which people anticipate police discrimination or unfair treatment is associated with their conferral of trust in the police, for both those who have previously had positive and negative experiences with police officers. The study further highlights the duality of individuals’ trust and under which conditions people trust the police to treat them or others fairly.
Inter and intra-session reliability and validity of the Performanz JumpR device for measuring different jump performances in young male soccer players
Authors: Secer Erhan , Yıldız Murat , Ates Namet , Kaya Derya Ozer
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to determine the inter- and intra-session reliability and validity of the Performanz JumpR device for measuring different jump performances in young male soccer players. Fifty-four young male soccer players (mean age: 15.90 ± 0.70) completed three maximal squat jumps (SJ), countermovement jumps (CJ), and 40 cm drop jumps (DJ) over two separate days. These jumps were assessed using both a contact mat and the Performanz JumpR device. The different jump performances were compared using several statistical methods, including the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 2.1), Bland-Altman plots, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient ( r), Cronbach’s alpha (α), and the coefficient of variation (CV). Results showed almost perfect agreement between the Performanz JumpR device and the contact mat for SJ, CJ, and 40 cm DJ values, with jump heights and peak powers yielding ICC values between 0.98 and 0.99 during both assessment sessions. Additionally, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient showed an almost perfect correlation between the measurements from the Performanz JumpR device and the contact mat for SJ, CJ, and 40 cm DJ values, with r values ranging from 0.96 to 0.99 during the first and second assessment sessions. The Performanz JumpR device demonstrated very good intra-session reliability for the three jumps in each set, with the following results: SJ (jump height, α = 0.98, CV = 2.02; peak power, α = 0.99, CV = 1.35), CJ (jump height, α = 0.98, CV = 2.20; peak power, α = 0.99, CV = 1.46), and 40 cm DJ (jump height, α = 0.97, CV = 2.61; peak power, α = 0.99, CV = 1.79). When analyzing the inter-session reliability of the Performanz JumpR device and contact mat across all players, almost identical correlations were observed between the two instruments for SJ, CJ, and 40 cm DJ regarding jump heights and peak powers ( r = 0.96–0.99) between the first and second assessment sessions. Additionally, the Bland-Altman plots demonstrated an almost agreement, with a systematic bias identified between the Performanz JumpR device and the contact mat for SJ, DJ, and 40 cm DJ values ( p < 0.01). Overall, the Performanz JumpR device provided reliable inter-session and intra-session data, as well as valid measurements for maximal jump height and peak power during SJ, CJ, and 40 cm DJ in young male soccer players.
Understanding Variables Affecting High Schools’ Educational Outcomes Based on Self-Determination Theory
Authors: Kim Dongsim
Published: February 2025

Self-determination is an important motive that influences youth development outcomes. Self-determination theory emphasizes the relationship between social context, self-determination, and school educational outcomes. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between parental and teacher support, self-determination, career maturity, self-regulated learning, and satisfaction with school. For this study, 1,155 high school students in Korea completed surveys. The results of this study are the following. First, parental support and teacher support affect self-determination. Second, parental support, teacher support, and self-determination influence career maturity, self-regulated learning, and satisfaction with school. On the basis of these findings, this study has implications for the improvement of instructional design methods and management strategies.
A Predictive Model for Diagnosis of Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis Among High-Risk Patients
Authors: Pasupat Danunuch , Aeumjaturapat Songklot , Snidvongs Kornkiat , Chusakul Supinda , Seresirikachorn Kachorn , Kanjanaumporn Jesada
Published: February 2025

Background

Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFR) is a life-threatening disease mainly affecting immunocompromised patients. Early detection is therefore key to improving patient survival. To date, there are still no standard clinical criteria for AIFR diagnosis.

Objective

This study develops a predictive model that utilizes clinical presentation and computed tomography (CT) findings to diagnose AIFR.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with high risk for AIFR at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital over the past 15 years (2008-2022). We constructed several multivariate logistic regression models for AIFR diagnosis based on different subsets of variables from 3 categories: signs/symptoms, endoscopy, and CT imaging.

Results

There were 67 AIFR-positive patients and 68 AIFR-negative patients. Combining variables from 3 categories, a 6-variable model (fever, visual loss, mucosal discoloration, crusting, mucosal loss of contrast, retroantral fat stranding) achieved the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.8900 (74.63% sensitivity, 89.71% specificity).

Conclusions

We proposed predictive models for AIFR diagnosis in high-risk patients using clinical variables. The models can be used to guide the decision for further management such as biopsy or surgical intervention.