bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The size dependence and defect induced room temperature ferromagnetism of ZnO and Zn 1-x-y AlxZyO (Z=Mg/Ni) nanocomposites
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamilnadu – 600 089, Anithadevi R. , Kalpana J. ,   Department of Chemistry, Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute, Maduravoyal, Tamilnadu – 600 095, Shanthi D. ,   Chemistry Department, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu – 600 062, Ravichandran C. ,   Department of Chemistry, Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamilnadu – 600 089
Published: September 2023

In the current research, Al-Mg-ZnO and Al-Ni-ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized by using simple soft chemical route. Prepared nanocomposites of Al-Mg-ZnO and Al-Ni-ZnO with capsule shape distributed magnetite nanostructured were carried out under the calcinated at 120 C for 12 h in furnace. The structural morphology and characterization analysis of as prepared nanocomposites was analyzed by XRD, UV–vis. FTIR, PL, TEM, VSM studies. XRD analysis confirmed the highly pure crystallized cubic phases. The XRD peaks show that the crystalline sizes are of the order of 22 nm, 19 nm, and 11nm. Magnetic property of the prepared nanocomposites was discussed in room temperature using VSM measurement. In spite of a number of researchers reporting the effect of codoping ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) with two different metals was modify the properties of the entire system such as enrich in room-temperature ferromagnetism. In this research we tried to by experimentally observed the magnetic properties of a series of soft chemical synthesized Zn1-x-yAlxZyO (Z=Mg/Ni) nanocomposites. Interestingly, it was found that in comparison to un-doped ZnO NPs and co-doped with two different metals. The ferromagnetic signal changes in a co-doped system in which one of the Mg/Ni ions increases the concentration of defects mechanism when Mg/Ni ions exhibited only one oxidation state. The potential role of charge transfer ferromagnetism is involving Mg2+ and Ni2+ ions substituted into ZnO lattice, The origin of magnetism in the nanocomposites is due to exchange interaction between local spin polarized electrons and the conduction electrons. The potential role of charge transfer ferromagnetism involving mixed valence ions and effects defect mechanism was used to explain the room temperature ferromagnetism.
Droga bułgarskiego Kościoła do autokefalii (IX–XX w.)
Authors:   Wydział Artes Liberales, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Kuczara Konrad
Published: September 2023

The Bulgarian prince Boris was baptized in 864. In 918, the synod of Bulgarian bishops elevated the Bulgarian archbishopric to the patriarchate. In 927 Constantinople recognized the patriarchate. In 1020 the Bulgarian Patriarchate was abolished. The Church regained autocephaly in 1187. After the conquest of the Bulgarian lands by the Ottomans, the Church ceased autocephaly again. The struggle for the autocephaly of the Bulgarian Church became a very important postulate of the Bulgarian national movement in the 19th century. In 1872 the Bulgarian exarchate unilaterally favored autocephaly. Only in February 22, 1945, the Patriarch of Constantinople confirmed the autocephaly of the Bulgarian Church. In 1953 the Bulgarian Patriarch was elected.
Ile publikacji wydała warszawska Drukarnia Synodalna? (Wstępny przegląd wydań 1923–1939)
Authors:   Parafia Prawosławna św. wielkomęczennika Jerzego Zwycięzcy w Białymstoku, Nikulin Ivan
Published: September 2023

On the basis of published sources (magazines and publications) and the research of specialists, the author reviews the main directions of the publishing activity of Synodal Printing House, the main publishing body of the Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church. Preliminary calculations show that over 2,500 publications (with periodicals) were published in the Printing House in the years 1923–1939.
Sakralno-muzyczne tradycje regionu chełmskiego na przykładzie autorskiej edycji hymnów i pieśni cerkiewnych
Authors:   Chrześcijańska Akademia Teologiczna w Warszawie, Wydział Teologiczny, Wołosiuk Włodzimierz
Published: September 2023

The content of this article is a historical and theological review of the vocal Orthodox church tradition, considered in the context of the Chełm region. Due to its historical conditions, this region was open to a number of external influences, which became an important distinguishing feature of the local sacred works. Without doubts, the most important role in its promotion and creation played Father E. Witoszyński.
Legal Protection and Liability for Multimodal Transport Operators in The Transport of Dangerous and Toxic Goods
Authors: Yunita Hilda , Aron Kresna , Ferreira Joao Nuno Domingues
Published: September 2023

Legal protection protects human rights that harm other people, and every human being is provided with this protection in order they can savor all of their legal right. In other words, legal protection is various legal remedies that must be provided by law enforcement officials to provide a sense of security, both physically and mentally as well as interference from various threats originating from any party. In contrast, transportation law can be interpreted as the overall legal norms and principles governing relationships and consequences of transportation law. This research shows that a form of legal protection for transportation service users can be provided in the form of preventive and repressive legal protection. The responsibility given to service users is in the form of compensation or compensation in the event of damage or loss of goods in the transportation process. There are two approaches used by researchers in this thesis, namely the Legislative Approach and the Conceptual Approach. In this legislative approach, the approach in legal research that provides an analytical point of view of problem-solving legal research is seen from the aspects of the legal concepts that lie behind it or even can be seen from the values contained in the normalization of regulation with the concepts used. Most of these approaches are used to understand the concepts related to normalization in legislation, whether they are in accordance with the spirit contained in the underlying legal concepts.
Development of Traditional Cultural Expressions of Patingtung Art from the Aspects of Copyright and Advancement of Culture
Authors: Dwisvimiar Inge , Agus Dede , Audry Maulia Tasyafa
Published: September 2023

The patingtung art from Serang City has been classified as a traditional cultural expression and intangible cultural heritage of Banten Province. However, the registration of patingtung art as an intangible cultural heritage is not enough, but it must also be in accordance with the mandate of Copyright and Advancement of Culture. This research uses normative empirical research methods, an in concreto approach and descriptive qualitative data analysis by comparing the normative law of the Copyright Law and Advancement of Culture with empirical law in the form of its implementation of the protection of traditional cultural expressions of the patingtung type. The result of this study is that the development of traditional cultural expressions of Patingtung art can be carried out through three basic arrangements, namely Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright with inventory, Law Number 5 of 2017 on Advancement of Culture with inventory, security, maintenance, rescue and publishing. Serang City Government completes a form of conservation by preserving regional culture through Serang City Regional Ordinance Number 4 of 2013. Patingtung art activities are limited to inventory only. Maintenance is still integrated with other programs so maintenance is minimal. On the other hand, protection in the form of safety and rescue was not implemented.
Discrimination on the Right to Get Salary for Women Workers in Indonesia from the Ratification of International Conventions Perspective
Authors: Adnyani Ni Ketut Sari , Landrawan I Wayan
Published: September 2023

Discrimination against women workers is a violation of human rights as regulated in international instruments such as the International Labor Organization ILO and CEDAW. Constitutionally, the rights of every Indonesian citizen are based on Article 27 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Protection of workers is also regulated in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower Articles 67 to Article 101 which cover the protection of safety, health and welfare assurance. However, not many women themselves realize that their rights are protected and this has an impact on women’s lives. Reviewing arrangements for the rights of women workers regulated in the ILO, CEDAW and Manpower and their implementing regulations. Accommodate a number of related regulations above, based on gender responsiveness for female workers. This study aims to examine how the accommodation of international conventions into Indonesian positive law? and efforts to strengthen the implementation of the convention?. Types of normative research. The results of this study indicate that there are protection arrangements in conventions that can be adopted. In the future, editorial guarantees for protection for women will be prepared.
La crisis financiera en Estados Unidos desde un enfoque conductual y estructural
Authors: Soto Jorge Rodríguez , Herrera Ivannia Bolaños
Published: September 2023

La crisis vivida en Estados Unidos en 2008-2009 marcó un punto de inflexión en el pensamiento y enfoque económico, al poner en evidencia problemas conductuales y estructurales. El objetivo de este escrito es indagar en la conjunción de factores macro-estructurales, asociados a la política económica, y micro - conductuales en la génesis de la crisis ocurrida en este período. Para ello, primero se presenta una revisión bibliográfica de teorías conductuales y estructurales de las crisis, planteando la relación entre estos enfoques. Luego, por medio del estudio de variables económicas, se indaga sobre la interacción de los niveles estructural y conductual en la crisis de 2008-2009. A partir de lo anterior, se encuentra evidencia que sugiere la relación entre ambos niveles de análisis como explicación a lo ocurrido.
Optimization of Ni/ZnZr catalyst for enhanced syngas yield in catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw
Authors: Liu Lin , Fang Yucheng , Gao Rongyi , Li Jianfen
Published: September 2023

To enhance the catalytic performance of nickel-based catalysts and improve their efficiency in biomass pyrolysis, a nickel-based catalyst supported on a ZnZr composite carrier was synthesized using the sol-gel method. The morphological changes of the catalyst before and after the reaction were observed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen gas adsorption, temperature-programmed reduction, and other methods to analyze its catalytic performance. A series of experiments were conducted to explore the optimal conditions for the catalyst’s gas production, including carrier material ratios, loading amounts, residence time, and reaction temperature. The bimetallic carrier of Zn and Zr provided a higher specific surface area, allowing the metallic nickel to enter its mesopores. The synergistic effect of the bimetallic system facilitated the catalytic activity of nickel, significantly enhancing gas production. The maximum CO and H2 production were achieved at Zn/Zr = 6/4. The catalyst achieved an optimal gas yield of 507 mL/g at a residence time of 20 min and a reaction temperature of 800 °C, demonstrating strong stability.
Wood membrane filter for water purification with radial and axial flows
Authors: Su Tong , Xie Jianjun , Chen Weiyu , Yu Bo , Gu Yunfeng , Wu Gensheng
Published: September 2023

Water availability is an important issue all over the world, and membrane filtration technology is one of the most effective measures for remediation. As a sustainable and renewable biomass material, natural wood has a hierarchical and three-dimensional interconnected microstructure, which provides an alternative for water filter design. Longitudinal filtration could take advantage of the micropores, while the treatment speed is severely limited. This study examined a wood filter in which muddy wastewater can be transported into the microchannels and out of the vertically stacked micropores. The filter takes full advantage of the pores present in the wood without sacrificing the speed of hydraulic flow within the main transport channels, exhibiting excellent performance for mud removal. In this manner, water flux, decolorization, and turbidity are highly dependent on the groove number, groove depth, and thickness of the filter. Due to the reorientation of the water transport pathways, the clogging of micropores could be easily alleviated, thus promoting the filter lifecycle. The design of the cross-flow wood filter can provide an available platform for various wastewater treatment cases with different impurities, displaying an application prospect in the wastewater treatment field.
Effect of density, moisture content, and feed speed on the surface quality of planed pinewood boards
Authors: Maciel André P. V. , Salvador Fernando M. , Silvares Paulo H. S. , Oliveira Michel P. , Batista Djeison C.
Published: September 2023

The main goal of this study was to verify the best combination of density, moisture content, and feed speed on the surface quality of Pinus elliottii boards aimed at deck manufacturing. The secondary goal was to compare three methods of surface quality assessment. Tangential boards were sampled and sorted by density (level 1: 414 kg·m–³ to 525 kg·m–³; level 2: 526 kg·m–³ to 668 kg·m–³) and moisture content (level 1: 13.5% to 17.5%; level 2: 17.6% to 20.0%). A four-side planer molder was used, at three levels of feed speed (15, 20, and 25 m·min-1). Surface quality was assessed immediately after machining by visual-tactile analysis, stylus surface profilometer reading (parameters Ra, Rz, and Rt), and feed per tooth (fz) measurement. The best surface quality results were obtained with denser (526 kg·m–³ to 668 kg·m–³) and wetter boards (17.6% to 20.0% moisture content) at feed speed 20 m•min-1. This recommendation represents an optimal balance between the quality standard of the deck boards and high productivity. Because of the low cost and because it has some correspondence with the stylus surface profilometer readings, visual-tactile analysis is recommended to assess the surface quality.
Analysis of the Computational Cost of PolyFront: an Algorithm for Planar Triangulation
Authors: Egidi Nadaniela , Giacomini Josephin , Misici Luciano , Perticarini Alessia , Piergallini Riccardo
Published: September 2023

The triangulation of planar domains is a relevant and largely studied problem in many applied sciences. This paper analyzes the computational time of a triangulation algorithm for plane domains with holes, introduced in a previous paper. This algorithm is based on the normal offsetting technique starting from a polygonal approximation of the domain boundary. It is shown that the computational time is linear with respect to the number of vertices of the triangulation. Experimental results confirm the theoretical upper bound obtained for the computational time.
Observation of periodic fluctuations in the dose rate of gamma-radiation in the Chornobyl exclusion zone
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chornobyl, Ukraine, Skorbun A.D. , Sploshnoi B.M. , Zelenskyi O.Yu. ,   State Specialized Enterprise "Central Enterprise for Radioactive Waste Management", Chornobyl, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The structure of signals from detectors for monitoring the gamma-background around the Chornobyl NPP was considered. It is shown that they are not random, they contain certain regular components. A comparison of the signals obtained on several detectors at the same time undeniably demonstrates that the patterns obtained are not occasional and not erroneous effects.
Assessment of the consequences of the use of tactical nuclear weapons on the population and infrastructure in the regions of a nuclear explosion
Authors:   National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Turovsky O.L. , Havrylko E.V. , Pankratov O.M. , Ustinova L.A. , Khalmuradov B.D. , Bohaienko V.L. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute named after Igor Sikorsky", Kyiv, Ukraine,   Ukrainian Military Medical Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the process of formation and establishes the characteristics of the striking factors of a nuclear explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition with a power of 0.1 to 10 kt when damaging military facilities and the accompanying damage to the population of civilian communities and personnel of infrastructure facilities. Calculated are data on the parameters of air shock wave action zones, penetrating radiation flow, light pulse energy beam flow, and the dimensions of the zone of radioactive contamination of the area, which can create a negative impact on the population, residential buildings, personnel, and critical infrastructure facilities in the area of application of tactical nuclear weapons. It is shown that the zone affected by an air shock wave, depending on the type of explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition and its power, can reach a radius of up to 3100 m. Dangerous light pulse damage to the population and personnel located in the open area will be observed at a distance of 440 to 3700 m from the epicenter of the nuclear explosion. The negative impact of the penetrating radiation of a nuclear explosion on the population and personnel of critical infrastructure facilities will be observed at distances from 560 to 1300 m, depending on the type of explosion and the power of the tactical nuclear ammunition. The dimensions of the zone of radioactive contamination, in the case of the explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition, in which the most severe degree of radiation damage to the population and personnel of critical infrastructure objects will be observed, with their open location in the area, depending on the power and type of explosion, can reach from 1400 to 2600 m. And the zone in which it is necessary to carry out the priority immediate evacuation of the population can be from 3.4 to 44.0 km in the direction of the average wind. It was determined that the scale of radioactive contamination of the area will have the greatest values of the size of the areas of negative impact relative to other types of impressive factors of the nuclear explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition. In large areas of the regions adjacent to the area of application of the specified ammunition, a significant negative radiation effect will be created, which will require measures of radiation protection and evacuation of the population.
Evaluating Consistency of Documented ICD Codes for Hospitalized Patients With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Rosenbaum Kathleen E. Fitzpatrick , Chittams Jesse L. , McHugh Matthew D. , Lasater Karen B.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES

Conducting health services research relies on consistent diagnosis code documentation; however, it is unknown if consistent documentation in claims data occurs among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and/or trait (SCT). The objective of this study was to examine the consistency of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code documentation for SCD/SCT and identify coding discrepancies between patients’ hospitalizations.

PATIENTS

A total of 80 031 hospitalization records across 528 hospitals belonging to 15 380 unique patients who had at least 1 documentation of SCD/SCT and 2 or more hospitalizations during the study period (April 2015–December 2016).

METHODS

Secondary analysis of patient discharge abstracts in California, Florida, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. ICD 9 and ICD 10 codes identified patients with SCD/SCT. Variations in documentation consistency across hospitals were examined.

RESULTS

Only 51% of patients were consistently documented. There were statistically significant differences in whether a patient was or was not consistently documented based on: age, race/ethnicity, sex, insurer, and disease type. Twenty-five percent of hospitalization records were not consistently documented with an SCD code. Hospitalization records, for patients not consistently documented (49%), often included primary admitting diagnoses for conditions associated with SCD. Few hospitals (18%) were above average in consistently documenting SCD/SCT.

CONCLUSIONS

Not consistent documentation for SCD/SCT occurs with variation among patients and across disease type and hospitals. These findings signal to researchers the importance of thoroughly identifying all hospitalizations when studying populations with chronic disease. Without accurate documentation, research relying on claims data may produce inaccurate findings.
Micro procesos de construcción y deconstrucción de la democracia
Authors: Camacho Monge Daniel
Published: September 2023

La democracia es una moneda de oro, todos la reclaman y los más variados y distintos regímenes políticos presumen que la practican. Sus orígenes son ambiguos, porque en la antigua Grecia “cratos” significaba gobierno, pero los comités de ciudadanos, denominados “demos”, incluían solamente a sectores privilegiados que debían reunir ciertas condiciones. El resto no contaban en la toma de decisiones por lo cual no formaban parte del “cratos” y, en consecuencia, la democracia griega era el gobierno ejercido por quienes pertenecían a los demos. Por lo tanto, la democracia griega, inspiradora de la democracia moderna, era el gobierno del sector privilegiado agrupado en los demos, con prescindencia del resto del pueblo.
Tejuatsin tiueli okse taitol (¿Y usted habla otro idioma?)
Authors: Bianchini Natalia
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre la convergencia entre lo modernocolonial y lo ancestral-indigenista dentro de la medicina, la división social del trabajo y la violencia de género en Cuetzalan del Progreso (Puebla, México) y sus comunidades desde la perspectiva marxista latinoamericana y los feminismos comunitarios y rurales. Metodológicamente, se trata de una investigación cualitativa que utiliza el enfoque de la Teoría Fundamentada para analizar el caso de estudio, a través de la observación participante, la revisión documental y entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad a socias de la Cooperativa de Salud Tosepan Pajti. Los resultados que arroja el estudio permiten comprender algunos aspectos de la formación social abigarrada (heterogénea, dinámica y contradictoria) de ese territorio.
Transparentar: una acción polimórfica y estratégica en democracia
Authors: Bazan Cruz Manuel
Published: September 2023

La transparencia es concebida como una cualidad de las formas de vida de la democracia; sin embargo, estas no son diáfanas per se, de modo que, con base en juegos de lenguaje, los seres humanos tratan de descubrir el ejercicio del poder político. Por ende, en este trabajo se propone asir el significado de la transparencia siguiendo la perspectiva que ofrece Ludwig Wittgenstein, por lo que se identifican y describen algunas acciones lingüísticas atinentes a transparentar, cuya tarea provee una manera alternativa para analizar el fenómeno en las democracias de América Latina.
La patrimonialización y turistificación de los petroglifos del Alto Magdalena, Colombia: dos experiencias de educación patrimonial
Authors: Leal Zabala José Uriel , Leal Daza Sebastián Camilo , Ricaurte Otavo Angela María
Published: September 2023

El propósito de este trabajo es presentar la sistematización de una experiencia académico-investigativa que se realizó en Girardot, desde la educación  patrimonial, como parte de un proceso de patrimonialización de los petroglifos del Alto Magdalena, Colombia. Desde la Licenciatura en Educación Básica con Énfasis en Humanidades: Lengua Castellana e Inglés y la Tecnología en Gestión Turística y Hotelera de la Universidad de Cundinamarca, se han realizado prácticas pedagógicas investigativas e itinerantes en las zonas de los petroglifos como parte de un proceso de educación patrimonial y de investigación formativa. A través de una mirada etnográfica y un enfoque desde los imaginarios sociales se pretendió comprobar el cambio de laspercepciones después de las salidas de campo. Finalmente, se presentan procesos de patrimonialización y turistificación derivados de dicha educación patrimonial con el fin de que los petroglifos sean reconocidos como patrimonio ante los entes gubernamentales y se desarrolle una activación económica desde el turismo cultural.
Helio Gallardo, un hereje indispensable
Authors: Rauber Isabel
Published: September 2023

En la presente intervención se rescata el componente herético de Helio Gallardo a través de cuatro aristas: i) aquella que propone cuestionar conceptos como «clase» y «sujeto» para reconocer, primero, actores sociales y actores políticos; ii) el proceso de transición por medio del cual el actor social deviene actor político; iii) la relación entre la política y quienes actúan en ella, relación que siempre atañe al proceso de reconocimiento y autorreconocimiento de los sujetos populares de cara al poder dominante; iv) la distinción entre conciencia política e ideología, poniendo especial énfasis en la primera, puesto que es en ella que se da el encuentro entre coyunturas políticas y el accionar político de los actores. Lo cual hace destacar igualmente la importancia que tiene el análisis de coyuntura para Helio Gallardo.
The Social Embeddedness of School-Holiday Meals for Children Based on Discourses of Need and Deservingness
Authors: Husz Ildikó
Published: September 2023

The study examines the provision of school-holiday meals for children and shows how it is embedded in society. Proper nutrition is very important for children's physical and cognitive development. However, international research shows that children's social and cultural background has a significant impact on their nutrition. To reduce these disparities and ensure that all children have a healthy diet, effective government intervention is necessary. In Hungary, school canteens and free meals during school holidays for children in need serve this purpose. The latter service is of great importance for the children of families affected by food poverty. Yet, statistics show that some of these children are unable to use this service. This study examines the period before 2016 and highlights the social embeddedness of the service and its consequences on the provision. Whether child food poverty is perceived as a social issue and a common cause generating community intervention largely depends on the local actor's correct perception of the issue, the local appraisal of need, and the consideration of parents' “deservingness.” The study also makes some suggestions about areas where further interventions should focus to improve the nutrition of children affected by food poverty.
The Role of Dietitian and Catering Manager in Public Catering and Opportunities for Training in Hungary
Authors: Csajbókné Csobod Éva , Tátrai-Németh Katalin
Published: September 2023

Prescribed and supported by the state, public catering in Hungary fulfils a common social need; its aim is to meet the nutritional requirements of consumers in terms of both quantity and quality. Public catering is legally regulated and is also important from the perspective of health policy. As the smallest unit of common catering, family meals differ from public catering in several respects. One fundamental difference is that public catering rests on scientific foundations: it is planned, organized, and controlled by a qualified manager. This manager may be a trained dietitian or a catering manager, according to the National Qualifications Register. The training for these two roles is interlinked and goes back more than a century.
Rozwój handlu zagrożonymi gatunkami oraz ujęcie międzynarodowych i krajowych uregulowań prawnych ograniczających nielegalny handel nimi
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Kowalska Daria Kinga
Published: September 2023

The subject of the article is the development of trade in endangered species and the presentation of international and national legal regulations limiting their illegal trade. The aim of the text is to present the international and national legal standards that provide protection against this illegal activity. I also indicate how large the scale of this phenomenon is, where it is located and who participates in it.
Macierzyństwo zastępcze – handel dziećmi czy światowy fenomen w planowaniu rodziny?
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Soja Daniel , Kapałka Natalia ,   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Published: September 2023

The prepared work is largely based on the regulations concerning surrogacy and issues related to it from an international perspective. The authors of the work, by analyzing the laws in individual countries, attempt to classify surrogacy as trafficking in human beings, trafficking in children or real help in starting a family. The content of the article examines what a surrogate is in terms of morality and legality from the point of view of generally applicable law in Poland, Germany or Israel.
Zjawisko state-sponsored human trafficking na przykładzie Białorusi
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Szyszka Jakub
Published: September 2023

Slavery in various forms has accompanied mankind from the earliest times. The modern form of slavery is sometimes called human trafficking, which is currently one of the most profitable crimes. According to ILO data, in 2016 up to 40 million people around the world could be victims of human trafficking. The aim of the article is an attempt to confront the question of whether, in the light of the applicable norms of international law, with particular reference to the United Nations Palermo Protocol of November 15, 2000, a state can be considered responsible for trafficking in human beings. Beginning in the summer of 2021, the Belarusian authorities began to massively bring migrants from the Middle East, tempting them with the vision of easy entry into the territory of the European Union. Subsequently, the migrants were forced, often with the risk of their lives and with the use of violence, to illegally cross the border with Lithuania, Latvia and Poland. The goal of the Belarusian authorities was to destabilize the neighboring countries of the European Union by causing a migration crisis. Some EU leaders described the actions of the Belarusian authorities as state sponsored human trafficking and insisted on Belarus being held accountable for human trafficking. Although the actions of the Belarusian authorities are included in the catalog listed in the Palermo Protocol, the Convention does, by default, refer to crimes committed by individuals and not by states per se. Perhaps, in the future, it will be necessary for the international community to develop new regulations and effective mechanisms to prevent the phenomenon of state-sponsored human trafficking, as well as to allow the states involved in this type of practice to be held accountable.
Some Considerations on “Black Swan Theory”, COVID-19 and Involved Heuristics †
Authors:   University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy, Costa Vincenzo , Raviele Antonio ,   University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we investigate the widespread claim – in scientific literature and mass-media - that COVID-19 constitutes an example of a “Black Swan”. This is an important feature in order to classify some rare events. Given the high speed of dissemination of information via mass-media and the Internet, with the possible consequences on the financial markets, it is relevant to ask whether this attribution is right or not. Thanks to more precise use of the different color definitions introduced by the famous researcher and our more explicit description of the relative properties, we show instead that the correct shade to be attributed to the Swan for this pandemic is gray. Besides, we also explain misclassification as the effect of some behavioral heuristics.
The Flourishing Economic and Political Relations of Turkey & Azerbaijan: An Overview after 30th Diplomatic Anniversary
Authors:   Saffron International, Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Kayani Farrukh Nawaz
Published: September 2023

Turkey was the first country to recognize the Azerbaijan’s independence from Soviet Union on 9th of November, 1991. Turkey-Azerbaijan bilateral relations are rooted in their historic cultural analogy and geopolitical features which have always fostered the mutual support for industrial, economic, and technological development. Turkey’s foreign policy has evolved with the changing dynamics of international relations for promoting cordial bilateral ties with Azerbaijan. Bilateral trade between these countries has provided a solid foundation for reciprocity and preliminaries for maintaining the balance. The primary catalyst of the trade growth trajectory in Azerbaijan has been the earning from energy resources but the role of Azerbaijan’s FDI inflows in Turkey has also been a strategic calculus in its flourishing trade. To date, the ties between Turkey and Azerbaijan have remained cordial, however, according to economists and international relations professionals, the relationship has undergone qualitative changes. In this study, an in-depth analysis of the bilateral relations between Turkey and Azerbaijan has been conducted to identify the trajectory of evolution, success indicators, and the associated challenges.
Att matematik-a
Authors: Wallin Anna
Published: September 2023

Den här artikeln avser att skapa kunskap om fenomenet, matematik i fritidshemmet. Sedan 2016 uttrycks explicit i nationella styrdokument att matematik ska vara en del av fritidshemmets utbildning. I studien undersöks hur matematik samskapas i fritidshemmets praktik i möte med materialiteter, mänskliga och ickemänskliga. Artikelns empiriska data består av deltagande observationer, producerad med barn och personal i två fritidshem i en medelstor kommun i Sverige. Den teoretiska ramen omfattar agentisk realism och ett kulturhistoriskt perspektiv på matematik, vilken inkluderar matematiska aktiviteter och inommatematiska värderingar. I analysen samläses empirisk data, tidigare forskning inom matematikdidaktik för yngre barn med agentisk realism och det kulturhistoriska perspektivet på matematik. Resultatet synliggör en variant av matematik som händelse i fritidshemmet, vilken här benämns matematik-a. Att matematik-a kan liknas med att lek-a, att skapa tillsammans och ”bli till” med materiellt-diskursiva praktiker. Att matematik-a handlar om att ”vara i” matematiska händelser utan att aktiviteten relaterar till specifika och uttalade kunskapskrav. Här möjliggörs för matematiska möten i olika sammanhang, upplevelser och skapanden tillsammans med material, mänskliga och icke mänskliga.
Neural Networks as a Tool for the Convergence Development of Innovative Productions
Authors:   Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Mikhaylova Nataliya , Timokhin Dmitriy ,   Moscow State University of Humanities and Economics
Published: September 2023

The main trend in the development of the sectoral structure of the post-industrial economies of the world is the technological convergence of previously isolated industries on the basis of the emerging technological platforms of the national and global economies. Technological platforms are gradually replacing the economic niche previously occupied by clusters and ensuring the creation of a synergistic effect from the interaction of diverse industry participants. The greatest number of innovative solutions in such a situation is intersectoral in nature, which is accompanied by the replacement of separate industry producers by a united convergent manufacturer. The process of closing heterogeneous industry technological cycles within the framework of the formation of innovative conversion production can be described as a model, the demand for which by industry analysts has increased significantly since the beginning of the 21st century. At the same time, the complexity of industry value chains requires the modernization of the existing analytical tools for industry design. The most promising tool for designing innovative conversion production is neural networks. In the framework of this article, the author conducted a study of the potential of neural networks as a tool for designing and modernizing the “economic cross” of sectoral conversion industries and assessed the prospects for expanding the use of this tool, taking into account the actualization of neural networks as an investment object from the end of 2022 to the beginning of 2023.
Greenhouse gas validation and verification bodies in Russia and China — new reality. Features of bodies accreditation and training of specialists in Russia
Authors: Pinaev Vladimir , Xuecong Zhang , Ledashcheva Tatiana
Published: September 2023

The article provides a retrospective analysis of the history of non-tariff regulation of the economy on the example of freons produced by DuPont. The history of the formation of carbon regulation in Russia and in the world is described. The issues of the work of the bodies of validation and verification of greenhouse gases in the Russian Federation are considered. The procedure for submitting documents for obtaining accreditation of the greenhouse gas validation and verification body is presented. The market of training specialists in the validation and verification of greenhouse gases is investigated. It is concluded that the market for validation and verification of greenhouse gases in Russia and China is currently experiencing rapid growth — the issues of greenhouse gas emissions are becoming more relevant with an increase in the number of facts confirming the reality of climate change. We can expect the growth of climate projects in Russia and China with state support. Despite the existence of 15 greenhouse gas validation and verification bodies in Russia, many industry organizations express a desire to create their own greenhouse gas validation and verification bodies for individual industries. The article also provides information about 9 greenhouse gas validation and verification bodies in China. Against the background of the geopolitical and economic processes taking place in Europe today, it can be assumed that in the near future the services of validation and verification specialists will become much less in demand in the EU than in recent years, which may provoke an outflow of specialists, including to Russia and China
Factors of influence on brand image when interacting with influencers
Authors: Kryl Elena , Brychkova Elizaveta , Zhiltsova Olga
Published: September 2023

The internet and social media have changed marketing. The authors believe that traditional methods of brand promotion are no longer as effective as they used to be, so companies are looking for new ways to attract the attention of potential customers. And bloggers and influencers have become one of these tools. The authors of the scientific publication consider the ongoing effective development of influencer marketing as a way to promote and increase the company's reputation. Influence marketing is a new and highly effective way: companies pay bloggers to talk about their products and services. The high loyalty of consumers to those whom they see every day in their gadgets determines the increased interest of brands in this way of interacting with the audience to manage public opinion and form the image of their company. However, as far as this method seems budgetary and effective, it is just as dangerous. Behind this interaction lies a lot of "pitfalls", having studied which, not every company will be ready to put up with them. This article explores the factors that influence brand image when collaborating with influencers. The authors discuss how influencers can influence brand perception and what factors can make this effect positive or, conversely, negative. The article also provides recommendations for brand image management when working with influencers. This article can be helpful for marketing professionals who want to use influencer collaborations in their branding strategy.
Analysis of the application of neoliberalism and monetarism in the modern economic system
Authors: Razygraev Danila , Botasheva Lyudmila
Published: September 2023

The author of a scientific publication examines the transformation of the situation in the economic field as part of the transition from the dominance of Keynesian theory to the development of alternative directions, in particular neoliberalism and monetarism. The author relies on the fact that the decline of the Keynesian approach was associated with an increase in the burden on the budget, which gave impetus to the development of theories that brought to light theories based on the free market and competition. Particular attention is paid to the provisions of such economists as M. Friedman, F. Hayek, L. Mises. The author emphasizes that M. Friedman refutes the theory of effective demand, explaining that there is a strong relationship between the change in the money supply and the commodity market. The author also comes to conclusions about the purpose of the postulates of early monetarism, which was to reduce the tax and other burden on business and the population, which should have a positive impact on other economic indicators. The author notes that in the context of these theories, the state is able to have a positive effect on the market, but only in the short term, so the instrument of state support and regulation must be used very carefully so as not to disrupt the functionality of market mechanisms. The author concludes that, from the standpoint of neoliberalism, the state distribution of profits and incomes does not make any sense, it only deprives the incentive for entrepreneurial activity, which can increase unemployment and cause an economic recession in the state, while in a situation of free enterprise, the listed there are no difficulties.
Increase in income and differentiation of citizens as factors influencing the socio-economic stability of the country
Authors: Ivanova Mariana , Reykhert Kristian , Kokhova Irina
Published: September 2023

In the course of the study, the role of indicators of increasing incomes and differentiation of the population was determined from the standpoint of their influence on the social structure of the population, as well as on the socio-economic stability of the country. The author described the existing variety of types of income of the population, as a result of which their most important functions were determined. In addition, the sources of income generation of the population were identified, which also has an important impact on the place of the individual in the social structure. Income differentiation, which is associated with differences between the incomes of different social groups, is reflected in the entire social structure of the country. In view of this provision, key indicators were described that reflect the degree of income differentiation, among them the Lorenz curve, the Gini coefficient, and the decile coefficient were noted. As part of the work, the analysis of these indicators, in particular the Gini coefficient, was carried out on the example of states, after which the place of Russia in the country context was determined by comparing the indicators of countries with each other. It was determined that the Gini coefficient in Russia is close to critical values, which indicates a high degree of income differentiation. The main manifestations of population differentiation as a factor influencing the socio-economic stability of the country were also considered. For this, three groups of factors influencing social differentiation were considered, namely, factors that depend on a person, his life position; factors that depend on the labor activity of a person; factors related to the state of the economy. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn about the impact of population differentiation on the overall stability of the state.
Interbudgetary transfers: variety of approaches and international practice
Authors: Kolbin Nikita , Kustarnikov Elizar
Published: September 2023

In the current geopolitical situation, Russia is faced with the adoption by foreign partners of a number of politicized decisions in the monetary and financial sphere. European institutions cease their activities with Russia. The "political guidance" applied by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development is a politically promoted, economically unsound decision dictated by the leadership of the European Region. Despite the visible damage and the appeals provided by the Russian side, the European side continues to follow the planned credit and financial policy. The development of relations on the world stage and the failure of the current global monetary and financial system put Russia in a crisis situation. Events, including political ones, which are currently taking place at the global level, leave a significant imprint on the financial and economic condition of the country. In the context of sanctions and instability, economic relations with the leading counterparty, the European Union, are suffering. The prolongation of the conflict leads to aggravation of contradictions, further cooling and colossal losses. The volume of foreign direct investment from the sector of the Russian economy has been affected to some extent by the sanctions, but the investment attractiveness of the Russian market for FDI is still significant and has every chance to enter the top three rating among developing countries. Despite the unsatisfactory state of relations between Russia and the European Union, conflict with a close neighbor hurt both sides. In order to avoid large losses and increase the distance from each other, counterparties need to find a balance to continue constructive economic cooperation.
Prospects for the use of unmanned vehicles in Russia
Authors: Andreev Nikita , Shvandar Darʹya
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the main trends and prospects for the development of unmanned vehicles in Russia. To analyze the current situation with unmanned vehicles, projects for the implementation of this type of transport among leading Russian companies, such as Yandex, Kamaz, Russian Post, were studied. The results of a study of the attitude of Russian citizens to the introduction of unmanned vehicles were presented. The article also discusses aspects of improving Russian legislation on the regulation of unmanned vehicles. The paper analyzed the reasons for the low demand for this type of transport at the present time. The article aims to answer two main questions about the possibilities of using unmanned vehicles: will it be safe and will it be profitable. To answer the question about the safety of unmanned vehicles, foreign experience in testing unmanned vehicles will be studied, since this type of transport is not yet widely used on the territory of the Russian Federation, as a result of which it is difficult to draw a conclusion about the safety of unmanned vehicles on Russian roads. To study the economic benefits of using unmanned vehicles, statistics from Russian news agencies will be used, and a scientific and practical experiment will be conducted to confirm the cost-effectiveness and convenience of delivery by a drone. The author of the article considers it promising to use unmanned vehicles in the Far North, where difficult climatic conditions and long distances between settlements shift the focus towards the economic feasibility of their use. The author also identifies the main limitations for the introduction of unmanned vehicles — the high cost and legal regulation, the technical level of safety.