bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis, characterisation and therapeutic applications of plant-mediated silver nanoparticles
Authors: Corciova Andreia , Ivanescu Bianca
Published: February 2018

Nanotechnology is one of the most studied domains, and nanoparticle synthesis, especially of silver nanoparticles, has gained special importance due to their properties, biocompatibility and applications. Today, the processes of nanoparticles synthesis tend toward the development of inexpensive, simple, non-toxic and environmentally friendly methods. Thus, the use of plants in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles has attracted considerable interest because biomolecules can act as both reducing and stabilizing agents. This survey aims at discussing the conditions for obtaining silver nanoparticles using plants and their characterization by several methods, such as FTIR and UV?Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, it examines some of the most common biological uses of silver nanoparticles: antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic.
Study of pyrolysis of high density polyethylene in the open system and estimation of its capability for co-pyrolysis with lignite
Authors: Kojic Ivan , Bechtel Achim , Kittinger Friedrich , Stevanovic Nikola , Obradovic Marko , Stojanovic Ksenija
Published: February 2018

Pyrolysis of high density polyethylene (HDPE) in the open system was studied. A plastic bag for food packing was used as a source of HDPE. Pyrolysis was performed at temperatures of 400, 450 and 500?C, which were chosen based on thermogravimetric analysis. The HDPE pyrolysis yielded liquid, gaseous and solid products. Temperature rise resulted in the increase of conversion of HDPE into liquid and gaseous products. The main constituents of liquid pyrolysates are 1-n-alkenes, n-alkanes and terminal n-dienes. The composition of liquid products indicates that the performed pyrolysis of HDPE could not serve as a standalone operation for the production of gasoline or diesel, but preferably as a pre-treatment to yield a product to be blended into a refinery or petrochemical feed stream. The advantage of a liquid pyrolysate in comparison to crude oil is the extremely low content of aromatic hydrocarbons and the absence of polar compounds. The gaseous products have desirable composition and consist mainly of methane and ethene. The solid residues do not produce ash by combustion and have high calorific values. Co-pyrolysis of HDPE with mineral-rich lignite indicated positive synergetic effect at 450 and 500?C, which is reflected through the increased experimental yields of liquid and gaseous products in comparison to theoretical ones.
Discussion on the Comments of Slobodan K. Milonjic on the article entitled Adsorption of strontium on different sodiumenriched bentonites by Sanja R. Marinovic, Marija J. Ajdukovic, Natasa P. Jovic-Jovicic, Tihana M. Mudrinic, Bojana N. Nedic-Vasiljevic, Predrag T. Bankovic and Aleksandra D. Milutinovic-Nikolic, published in the Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, vol. 82, issue 4, 2017, pp. 449-463
Authors: Marinovic Sanja , Ajdukovic Marija , Jovic-Jovicic Natasa , Mudrinic Tihana , Nedic-Vasiljevic Bojana , Bankovic Predrag , Milutinovic-Nikolic Aleksandra
Published: February 2018

A thorough discussion on the Comments on the article ?Adsorption of strontium on different sodium-enriched bentonites?, by Sanja R. Marinovic, Marija J. Ajdukovic, Natasa P. Jovic-Jovicic, Tihana M. Mudrinic, Bojana N. Nedic-Vasiljevic, Predrag T. Bankovic and Aleksandra D. Milutinovic-Nikolic published in the Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, Volume 82, Issue 4, Pages: 449-463 (2017), given as Letter to the Editor by S. K. Milonjic, is provided in this letter. The authors of the commented paper have considered all the comments, and responded to each of them, point by point.
Energy audit and conservation potential analysis of a large comprehensive commercial building
Authors: Zhang Chunzhi , Yuan Nianxia , Mao Qianjun
Published: February 2018

With the rapid development of large-scale public buildings, energy consumption has increased, of which the energy consumption of comprehensive commercial buildings can reach 10~20 times the common building energy consumption, and has great energy saving potential. In this paper, a large comprehensive commercial building in Chengdu is taken as an example to analyze the energy consumption through the actual energy consumption data, viewed from the energy-saving and emission-reduction and static investment payback period point. The results show that the energy saving rate of the building can be achieved by 32.64%, the emission reduction is 6196.52 t CO2 per year, and the investment recovery period is only about 0.90 years, which provides a reference for similar buildings.
Efficiency of polycrystalline photovoltaic parks in Romania: Possibility of using renewable energy
Authors: Mitiu Mihaela , Olteanu Marius , Raischi Natalia , Balaceanu Cristina , Cociorva Danut
Published: February 2018

The performance of photovoltaic panels and lifetime are determined to a large extent by the quality of photovoltaic cells, their soldering technology, the quality of ethyl vinyl acetate film in which they are encapsulated, the encapsulation technology and the back sheet. Depending on the manufacturing technology, photovoltaic panels can be made of monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and amorphous silicon cells. This manuscript studies the main factors that influence the aging of photovoltaic panels in order to assess their effectiveness and sustainability in terms of energy, in order to establish the optimum conditions of photovoltaic panel?s location, being a contribution to the attainment of the targets in terms of growth using renewable sources of energy. The main purpose of this research is to study the current state, in Romania, in the field of renewable energies by using solar panels.
Icing distribution of rotating blade of horizontal axis wind turbine based on Quasi-3D numerical simulation
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Shaolong , Sun Ce , Yi Xian , Guo Wenfeng , Zhou Zhihong , Feng Fang
Published: February 2018

For researching on the rules of icing distribution on rotating blade of horizontal axis wind turbine, a Quasi-3-D method is proposed to research on icing on rotating blades of horizontal axis wind turbine by numerical simulation. A 2-D and 3-D method of evaluating the irregular shape of ice has been established. The model of rotating blade from a 1.5 MW horizontal axis wind turbine is used to simulate the process and shape of icing on blade. The simulation is carried out under the conditions with four important parameters including ambient temperature, liquid water content, medium volume drop diameter, and icing time. The results reveal that icing mainly happens on 50% ~ 70% of the blade surface along wingspan from tip to root of blade. There are two kinds of icing shapes including horn shape icing and streamline shape icing. The study can provide theoretical basis and numerical reference to development of anti and deicing strategy for wind turbine blades.
Effects of strain rate and CO2 on no formation in CH4/N2/O2 counter-flow diffusion flames
Authors: Ren Fei , Xiang Longkai , Chu Huaqiang , Han Weiwei
Published: February 2018

The reduction of nitrogen oxides in the high temperature flame is the key factor affecting the oxygen-enriched combustion performance. A numerical study using an OPPDIF code with detailed chemistry mechanism GRI 3.0 was carried out to focus on the effect of strain rate (25-130 s?1) and CO2 addition (0-0.59) on the oxidizer side on NO emission in CH4 / N2 / O2 counter-flow diffusion flame. The mole fraction profiles of flame structures, NO, NO2 and some selected radicals (H, O, OH) and the sensitivity of the dominant reactions contributing to NO formation in the counter-flow diffusion flames of CH4\/ N2 /O2 and CH4 / N2 / O2 / CO2 were obtained. The results indicated that the flame temperature and the amount of NO were reduced while the sensitivity of reactions to the prompt NO formation was gradually increased with the increasing strain rate. Furthermore, it is shown that with the increasing CO2 concentration in oxidizer, CO2 was directly involved in the reaction of NO consumption. The flame temperature and NO production were decreased dramatically and the mechanism of NO production was transformed from the thermal to prompt route.
Experiment and numerical simulation on transient heat transfer from SiC foam to airflow in a high temperature tube
Authors: Xia Xinlin , Chen Xue , Li Xiaolei , Bo Liu , Han Yafen
Published: February 2018

In order to understand the high temperature heat transfer behavior of ceramic foam to air-flow, experiment and numerical simulation have been conducted for a tube fully filled with SiC foam under several air-flow velocities. The tested sample of SiC foam is characterized by a porosity of 0.88 and 10 pores per inch, which is heated to 1000?C before the air-flow passes through. The transient temperature variation is recorded and discussed for several inlet air-flow velocities ( 2.9 m/s, 4.3 m/s and 5.8 m/s). Then, a computational model for the transient process is developed to nu- merically investigate the coupled radiative and convective heat transfer, and compared with the experimental data. The results show that the heat transfer reaches steady-state quickly and the time needed is less than 80 second. The transient devia- tion between the predicted and experimental data is less than 25.0%. Besides, it is found that there exists an obvious temperature difference between the fluid and solid phases, the maximum difference occurs at the neighbor region of tube wall and decreases as the inlet velocity increases at the steady-state.
Antisense Inhibition of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B With IONIS-PTP-1BRx Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Reduces Weight in Overweight Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Digenio Andres , Pham Nguyen C. , Watts Lynnetta M. , Morgan Erin S. , Jung Shiangtung W. , Baker Brenda F. , Geary Richard S. , Bhanot Sanjay
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate safety and efficacy of IONIS-PTP-1BRx, a second-generation 2′-O-methoxyethyl antisense inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, as add-on therapy in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin with or without sulfonylurea therapy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In this phase II, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, overweight and obese patients (BMI ≥27 kg/m2) with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c ≥7.5% [58 mmol/mol] and ≤10.5% [91 mmol/mol]) on a stable dose of metformin alone or with sulfonylurea were randomized 2:1 to IONIS-PTP-1BRx 200 mg (n = 62) or placebo (n = 30) once weekly for 26 weeks.

RESULTS

Mean baseline HbA1c was 8.6% (70 mmol/mol) and 8.7% (72 mmol/mol) in placebo and active treatment, respectively. At week 27, IONIS-PTP-1BRx reduced mean HbA1c levels by −0.44% (−4.8 mmol/mol; P = 0.074) from baseline and improved leptin (−4.4 ng/mL; P = 0.007) and adiponectin (0.99 μg/mL; P = 0.026) levels compared with placebo. By week 36, mean HbA1c was significantly reduced (−0.69% [−7.5 mmol/mol]; P = 0.034) and accompanied by reductions in fructosamine (−33.2 μmol/L; P = 0.005) and glycated albumin (−1.6%; P = 0.031) versus placebo. Despite both treatment groups receiving similar lifestyle counseling, mean body weight significantly decreased from baseline to week 27 with IONIS-PTP-1BRx versus placebo (−2.6 kg; P = 0.002) independent of HbA1c reduction (R2 = 0.0020). No safety concerns were identified in the study.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with placebo, IONIS-PTP-1BRx treatment for 26 weeks produced prolonged reductions in HbA1c, improved medium-term glycemic parameters, reduced leptin and increased adiponectin levels, and resulted in a distinct body weight–reducing effect.
Limb- and Person-Level Risk Factors for Lower-Limb Amputation in the Prospective Seattle Diabetic Foot Study
Authors: Boyko Edward J. , Seelig Amber D. , Ahroni Jessie H.
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVE

Diabetes is the leading cause of nontraumatic lower-limb amputations in the U.S., but no research has prospectively examined associations between limb-specific measurements and amputation risk among patients without foot ulcer. We investigated amputation risk by limb in relation to the same limb- and person-level factors.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a 22-year prospective study among 1,461 male patients with diabetes without foot ulcer (mean age 62.4 years), with 2,893 lower limbs among subjects recruited between 1990 and 2002 from one Department of Veterans Affairs general internal medicine clinic. The following information was collected: demographic, lifestyle, and diabetes characteristics; visual acuity; kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]); and lower-limb measurements including presence of Charcot deformity, sensory neuropathy by 10-g monofilament, dorsal foot transcutaneous oximetry (TcPO2) at 44°C, and ankle-brachial index (ABI).

RESULTS

Over 25,735 limb-years, 136 amputations occurred. A multivariable Cox model identified multiple independent risk factors: sensory neuropathy (hazard ratio 3.09 [95% CI 2.02–4.74]), ABI ≤0.5 vs. >0.9 to <1.3 (3.98 [2.31–6.85]), ABI ≥1.3 vs. >0.9 to <1.3 (2.20 [1.18–4.09]), 1-SD decrease in eGFR (1.18 [1.00–1.38]), poor vision (1.70 [1.05–2.73]), body weight in 21.4-kg increments (0.78 [0.61–0.98]), and age >70 years vs. <57 years (0.13 [0.04–0.38]). Although TcPO2 was not significantly associated with amputation overall, TcPO2 <26 mmHg significantly predicted a higher risk in the ABI ≥1.3 category.

CONCLUSIONS

Arterial disease and neuropathy emerged as the only limb-specific risk factors for amputation, but these and several person-level factors may be amenable to prevention or treatment interventions to potentially reduce diabetic amputation risk.
Transexpo 2016, Part 2
Authors: Rusak Zbigniew
Published: February 2018

Exhibition of Public Transport TRANSEXPO was organized on 11-13 October 2016 by Targi Kielce toghether with IGKIVI and PITSiS is the biggest that kind event in Poland and Central Europe. At the begging of article [5] was characterized the newest construcions of buses: urban electric, hybrid and alternative fuel. In the following article was presented urban buses maxi and mega class and coaches.
Measuring and evaluating quality of the operation and repair services of passenger cars with the use of importance-performance scales
Authors: Lotko Małgorzata , Paździor Piotr
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this paper was to prove the usefulness of importance-performance scales for measure and evaluation the quality of operation and repair services of passenger cars. The study was carried out with the use of a survey method. The questionnaire was composed of two parts. The first part included demographical questions characterizing the users of the passenger cars and the second part, the substantial one, included SERVQUAL questionnaire queries. Realization of quality and importance of particular features (variables) were analyzed. The analysis of the results of the study demonstrates that it is necessary to make every endeavour to raise of quality of features connected with attention of customers matters, quick and efficient service. Average quality was evaluated as low, but average importance as high. The analysis of literature has demonstrated that importance-performance scales have not yet been used for the measurement of the operation and repair services of the passenger cars, therefore filling of this gap constitutes the innovative element of the study.
Sustainable urban public transport of the Lublin city within the framework of the Eastern Poland Operational Programme 2014-2020
Authors: Orzeł Artur , Stepaniuk Róża
Published: February 2018

The 2014-2020 period constitutes a further phase of significant improvement in the scale of development of the Lublin city. The concrete steps aiming at improving the quality and effectiveness of sustainable urban public transport has been already planned for that period. The actions aimed at significant reduction of exhaust emissions level are to be taken in the first place, which should have positive impact on the mobility of the residents. For this purpose, the Priority Axis II Modem Transport Infrastructure implemented within the framework of the Eastern Poland Operational Programme 2014-2020 has been developed. This particular article refers to the implementation of the actions mentioned above.
Producers and carriers in Silesia Communication 2017
Authors: Rusak Zbigniew
Published: February 2018

On 26 and 27 April 2017, at the Silesia Expo exhibition grounds in Sosnowiec, the ninth edition of Silesia Transport fairs took place, devoted to public transport and municipal logistics, organized jointly with KZKGOP and the largest operators of the Silesian-Dąbrowa Basin.
Competition in the international passenger transport market: passenger transportation between Warsaw and the capitals of the countries of Western Europe
Authors: Kozłowska Małgorzata
Published: February 2018

Mobility is extremely important for economic development and for the quality of life of citizens who are free to travel both for leisure and leisure purposes and for business purposes or training. In this article, being the next in a series of publications on international competition passenger transport, results are presented analysis of transport offers from Warsaw to the capitals of the countries of Western Europe. Comparisons were made with individualized transport and public transport. Considered taken availability of the means of transport, travel time and price.
Security of children during public bus travel
Authors: Płachecka Magdalena
Published: February 2018

Safety aspect of children in public transport represents broad area of divagation in the light of realized initiatives, programs, actions of institutions on public administration organs as well as legitimatizing legal references. The key role of providing safety for children during bus trips belongs to the driver who is responsible for the transport of people, his psychomotor conditions, and technical aspects of the vehicle. The aim of this article is to present and evaluate actions taken in favor of improving children's safety especially taking into consideration public bus transport. Actions and inititives on the national level are discussed in this article which has a significant effect on improving safety on our roads.
Competition in the international passenger transport market : passenger transportation between Warsaw and the capitals of the countries of Central Europe
Authors: Kozłowska Małgorzata
Published: February 2018

Mobility is extremely important for economic development and for the quality of life of citizens who are free to travel both for leisure and leisure purposes and for business purposes or training. In this article, being the next in a series of publications on international competition passenger transport, results are presented analysis of transport offers from Warsaw to the capitals of the countries of Central Europe. Comparisons were made with individualized transport and public transport. Considered taken availability of the means of transport, travel time and price.
Dynamic Passenger Information System in public transport: analysis of utility and passengers’ satisfaction on the example of KZK GOP
Authors: Brożyna Ewa
Published: February 2018

This article presents topic of Dynamic Passenger Information Systems which are more and more often used in the public transport. It focuses on analysis of utility and passengers’ satisfaction of this type of system. In the first chapter there are information about DPI system that is used by one of the larger organizer of public transport – KZK GOP (Komunikacyjny Związek Komunalny Górnośląskiego Okręgu Przemysłowego). In next part of article there is online research results made by author in March – April 2017 among the passengers of KZK GOP. Research goal was knowing the utility and passengers’ satisfaction of DPI system KZK GOP. There took part 635 people in research. Respondents judged the performance quality of DPI system KZK GOP as sufficient (average rating: 3,18 on scale from 1 to 5 where 5 was the highest rate). Analysis of this research summary will let to more detailed knowing passengers’ opinion for DPI system KZK GOP and will let to suggest the actions which goal will be improvement this system.
Analysis of passenger flows on the route along the railway line No. 406 on the section Szczecin Glowny–Police
Authors: Regulski Paweł , Abramek Karol
Published: February 2018

The article presents an analysis of public transport passenger flows on Szczecin–Police route. The purpose of the analysis was to justify the resumption of rail passenger services on the Szczecin–Police route. Due to the number of results taken, the research are of an overview character.
Construction of buses presented during the FIAA fair in Madrid. Vol. 1
Authors: Rusak Zbigniew
Published: February 2018

From May 23 to 26, at the IFEMA International Fair in Madrid, one of the most important trade fairs this year - FIAA (Fiera Internacional del Autobus y del Autocar) took place. This is the 13th edition of this fair. The first one took place in 1994. This article discusses the construction of bus constructions presented during these fairs.
Passenger transport in the Strategy Towards the Responsible Development
Authors: Kozłowska Małgorzata , Abramowicz Andrzej
Published: February 2018

The new development model, described in the Strategy Towards the Responsible Development, adopted by the Council of Ministers on February 14th, 2017, is above all the responsible development and socially and territorially balanced. The strategy is a crucial document of the Polish state in area of average- and long-term economic policy, that defines, according to the government, the new model of Poland’s development, including regional development - balanced, evenly covering the whole country and taking into account the diversity and specificity of Polish cities, small towns and villages. Each such an area of the country must be included into developmental processes, by identifying and supporting its individual resources and the unique potential. In the article assumptions of this strategy referring to the public transport were presented.
Conception of UAV use in the road rescue
Authors: Berner Bogusława , Chojnacki Jerzy
Published: February 2018

The paper presents prospects and examples of drone – Unmanned Aerial Vehicle use in road rescue. There was presented the Drone Road Rescue System, which would be created from combining drones used for road monitoring and traffic accident identification, drones for delivery of necessary equipment and drones for remote transportation of victims to the hospital. Based on the already existing solutions, the various components of the system are discussed.
Electromobility & public transport
Authors: Molecki Adam
Published: February 2018

There have been made many steps In Poland for about a year to noticeably increase the number ofelectric vehicles In traffic. Undoubtedly, this is a positive direction of change. The government's electromobility support plan is focused on the development of new technologies. For the traffic, in the short term, it can improve the quality of life especiaiły in cities. In the long period, it should lead to Iower prices for electric vehicles, and conseguently to maintain the trend of elimination of vehicles with internal combustion engines. At the same time, attention should be paid to several aspects that seem to be very debatable - the return to the promotion of individual transport, and what is even worse - the possible depreciation of the public transport system.
The analysis of safety on the polish roads between 2001 and 2016
Authors: Jaśkiewicz Marek , Jaskólski Jacek
Published: February 2018

This article uses statistics on road accidents in Poland from police and GUS (Central Statistical Office) data. The most common causes of road accidents are presented. Graphically presented accident rates both for the whole country and for every voivodeship separetely in the years 2001-2016. Analysis of the impact of the changes in traffic code on safety on public roads in Poland was made as well as the most and least safe voivodeship.
Selection of the vehicle speed waveforms filtering method
Authors: Wiśniowski Piotr , Ślęzak Marcin , Niewczas Andrzej , Szczepański Tomasz
Published: February 2018

The vehicle speed waveforms is an example of the function that is relatively difficult to filter. In this case the filtering method must be characterized not only by specific properties of the frequency spectrum. It must also meet other conditions that will be discussed in more detali in this article. In the case of wrong selection of filtering algorithm it often turns out that the processed waveform contains signal distortions witch make it impossible to correct physical interpretation of given signal. The article compares two popular filtering methods with their basic modifications, discusses their advantages and disadvantages and shows their practical application for registered waveforms vehicle speed. It aIso evaluates which solution can be more useful during the development of research results that covering the course of vehicle speed.
Diseño del formato de escalas tipo Likert: un estado de la cuestión
Authors: Matas Antonio
Published: February 2018

Las escalas tipo Likert constituyen uno de los instrumentos más utilizados en Ciencias Sociales y estudios de mercado. No obstante, existe cierto debate sobre el formato de estas escalas para obtener datos de calidad. En este artículo se presenta un estudio de revisión sobre los formatos de las escala tipo Likert y su relación con la calidad de los datos que es posible obtener con ellos. Para ello se ha realizado una revisión sistemática junto con una síntesis del contenido, identificando un conjunto de temas o tópicos relevantes por sus implicaciones metodológicas: sesgos y estilos de respuesta, el número óptimo de alternativas, las razones de elección de la alternativa intermedia y el efecto de la alternativa “No opino”. Con base en el análisis y discusión de estos temas se presentan algunas recomendaciones de formato en las conclusiones del estudio.
El cambio climático en las representaciones sociales de los estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Calixto Flores Raúl
Published: February 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es describir los resultados de la investigación sobre las representaciones sociales del cambio climático en una muestra de 105 de estudiantes de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (México). Se trabajó por medio de cartas asociativas, fundamentadas en la asociación libre de palabras a partir de un término inductor, un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas y cerradas y entrevistas cualitativas a partir de la presentación de imágenes relacionadas con el cambio climático. Los resultados muestran que los universitarios poseen representaciones sociales del cambio climático que comprenden contenidos hegemónicos (referidos principalmente a los efectos y a las alternativas educativas para enfrentarlo), emancipados (que incorporan cuestiones relacionadas con las causas), y polémicos (presentan aspectos emocionales relacionados con el fenómeno).
La formación intercultural de los futuros maestros mexicanos de secundaria
Authors: Pöllmann Andreas
Published: February 2018

La provisión de oportunidades para el aprendizaje intercultural a través del contacto con “lo extranjero” es fundamental para el bienestar cultural, social y económico de los países multiculturales. El contexto mexicano es de particular interés tanto por su extraordinaria diversidad sociocultural como por sus niveles epidémicos de analfabetismo intercultural. Con base en una encuesta realizada a 189 estudiantes de la Escuela Normal Superior de México, el presente artículo explora (i) la importancia percibida del contacto con “lo extranjero” como parte de la formación magisterial, (ii) el interés existente por la participación en algún programa de intercambio internacional y (iii) el nivel de experiencias concretas con “lo extranjero”. A partir de una serie de estadísticas descriptivas –que demuestran las percepciones, intereses y experiencias de los futuros maestros de secundaria– se manifiesta la importancia de un mayor compromiso institucional y gubernamental con la formación intercultural del magisterio normalista.
Violencia escolar: la perspectiva de estudiantes y docentes
Authors: Pacheco-Salazar Berenice
Published: February 2018

El objetivo de la investigación realizada fue conocer las concepciones que tienen estudiantes y docentes sobre las causas de la violencia escolar. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con diseño cualitativo en dos centros educativos del segundo ciclo de la enseñanza primaria en República Dominicana, en una población de 604 estudiantes y 23 docentes. El levantamiento de información se realizó a través de talleres lúdico-creativos, entrevistas a profundidad, grupos focales y observación no participante. Los resultados de la investigación destacan la existencia de débiles lazos de amistad, apego a los estereotipos de género e interiorización de la violencia como una forma de diversión. Las conclusiones son relevantes para el diseño e implementación de programas de atención y erradicación de la violencia escolar.
Physiological performance of sunflower genotypes under combined salt and drought stress environment
Authors: Umar Muhammad , Siddiqui Zamin Shaheed
Published: February 2018

The physiological performance of some sunflower genotypes (S.28111, SF0049, Hysun-33, Hysun-39) under salt, drought stress separately and in combination was examined. Salt, drought and a combination of these stresses were applied to plants by gradual increments. The plants were exposed to stress for two weeks. Relative water content, osmotic potential, stomatal conductance, performance index, dark adapted quantum yield and chlorophyll contents were reduced upon salinity and drought stresses. However, when plants were subjected to a combination of these stresses, a greater reduction in all tested attributes was observed. Proline and carotenoid contents in drought stress were elevated compared to salt stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) showed the highest activity in individual salt and drought stress with less accumulation of H2O2. Combined stress reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes which ultimately decreased the physiological performance of sunflower plants. However, among the tested genotypes, S.28111 and SF0049 were found to be more tolerant to drought, salt and combined stress than both Hysun genotypes. The physiological performance of genotypes against salinity and drought individually and in combination is discussed in detail.
A new addition to the alien flora of Tunisia, Amaranthus spinosus L. (Amaranthaceae s.l.), with notes on A. diacanthus Raf.
Authors: Iamonico Duilio , Mokni Ridha El
Published: February 2018

Amaranthus spinosus L. (Amaranthaceae s.l.), a species native to the Neotropics, has been found in four localities (Bizerta, Bir Bouregba, Hammamet, and Nabeul) of N. Tunisia. Our discovery represents the first record at national level, and the second one for N. Africa. Morphological characters and ecological data are given. Nomenclatural notes are provided for the name A. diacanthus, which was regarded by some authors as heterotypic synonym of A. spinosus. A neotype is designated in the present paper based on a specimen preserved at LSU.
Photosynthetic performance of two freshwater red algal species
Authors: Pálmai Tamás , Szabó Beáta , Hubai Katalin Eszter , Padisák Judit
Published: February 2018

Photosynthetic performances of two freshwater red algal populations from freshwaters of the Carpathian basin were measured in this study. Populations were collected from different habitats: Bangia atropurpurea from Lake Balaton and Batrachospermum gelatinosum from the Tapolca stream. Their photosynthesis was studied in a wide range of temperature (5–35 °C) and light intensity (0–1150 μmol m−2 s−1) in a photosynthetron. We found both species’ photosynthesis maxima at 25 °C but B. atropurpurea had significantly higher photosynthetic production. Low and medium values were calculated for the species’ photoadaptation parameters. Compensation light intensities determined in this study were similar to those obtained in previous studies. Both species utilized light efficiently; photoinhibition was detected only at two measuring temperatures for Bangia and at four measuring temperatures for Batrachospermum. P-T characteristics of the species revealed that both have temperature optima at 25 °C under high and medium light intensities but there are no such remarkable optima at low irradiance. The biomass specific respiration of both species increased with increasing temperature. We confirmed the good light utilization of these red algal species but found temperature optima higher than reported previously.
Bryophytes and heavy metals: a review
Authors: Stanković Jelena D. , Sabovljević Aneta D. , Sabovljević Marko S.
Published: February 2018

Bryophytes, a group of terrestrial plants widely used in biomonitoring, are reviewed for their relation to heavy metals. In the present article, we summarized the knowledge on heavy metals pollution and accumulation effects on bryophytes. Mechanisms of tolerance and resistance are given as well.
Analysis of Road Traffic Safety in Minna Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyetubo Adebayo Owolabi , Afolabi Oluwaseyi Joseph , Ohida Muhammed Etudaiye
Published: February 2018

Road traffic accident is one of the major causes of death in Nigeria. Road accidents have taken away so many lives in Nigeria today that hardly does any single disease match its mortality prowess. People have died prematurely and properties worth several millions of Naira have been lost as a result of road traffic accident. This paper gives a full discussion on road traffic safety issues and the methodology used were through the collection of data using questionnaire and accident information from the Nigeria Police Force, FRSC etc. The primary information for this research was sourced through the use of structured questionnaire, personal observation and interviews of road users in the study area. Secondary data emanated from published and unpublished sources such as government records, internet, journals, books etc. The findings were presented in descriptive and inferential form using frequencies, percentages, tables, mean and chi-square analytical techniques. The findings from the study revealed among many others; that Male involved more in road accident compare to female counterpart in Minna Niger State. Private car had more accident compare to Taxi, The number of accident in each zone does not depend on the population of that zone, etc.
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasitism Infections in Cattle of Bass Kabylie Area: Case of Bejaia Province, Algeria
Authors: Moussouni Lotfi , Benhanifia Mokhtar , Saidi Mokhtar , Ayad Abdelhanine
Published: February 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, identification of species and the dynamics of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites during humid and dry seasons in local cattle of different ages. The study was carried out in the Province of Bejaia, Algeria from December 2013 to June 2014. A total of 143 fecal samples were collected from different cattle herds. Fecal samples were visually examined then observed using flotation and sedimentation microscopic techniques. Eggs and worms were identified according to standard procedures. 63% of the cattle examined were found positive with one or more parasite species. Our results revealed that the eggs of Eimeria spp. are predominant (43.87%) followed by Strongylus spp. (30.32%) and Fasciola hepatica (12.25%). Eggs of Strongyloides papillosus, Moniezia benedeni, Paramphistomum daubneyi. and Toxocara vitulorum represent 1.29%, 1.93%, 1.93% and 6.45%, respectively. There is a significant difference between the sex of the animal and the prevalence rate of Strongyle spp. and Eimeria spp. (P< 0.01
). As for the body condition score, there is a statically significant (P< 0.01
) difference between the prevalence rate of GI parasite and the nutritional status of cattle. In conclusion, our preliminary investigation demonstrated highly prevalent and that abundance of the polyparasitism nature of the disease in Bass Kabylie area. Also, there was a relationship between the distribution of GI parasitism in cattle and the factors analyzed (body condition score, age and sex). Further studies are need for planning future research and to design rational and sustainable locally GI parasites control programmes.
KONDISI MACRO DEBRIS DI MANGROVE PULAU UNTUNG JAWA, KEPULAUAN SERIBU
Authors: Maharani Adinda
Published: February 2018

Isu mengenai persebaran sampah di laut atau sering dikenal dengan “Marine Debris” sedang menjadi perbincangan dunia. Isu ini sangat penting karena berdampak pada ekosistem. Sampah laut terakumulasi di ekosistem terutama di mangrove. Akumulasi ini diakibatkan oleh mangrove sebagai trapping terhadap sampah. Wilayah kajian pada penelitian ini adalah hutan mangrove Pulau Untung Jawa, Kepulauan Seribu yang berbatasan dengan Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Jakarta merupakan salah satu kota dengan kepadatan penduduk tertinggi, sehingga sampah rumah yang dihasilkan setiap harinya pun tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendata jenis sampah apa saja yang terdapat di daerah mangrove. Terdapat enam stasiun yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pendataan sampah mengacu kepada form International Coastal Cleanup (ICC) dengan luas area pendataan sampah 100 m2 di setiap stasiun. Terdapat tujuh kategori sampah dalam penelitian ini, dengan kategori yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah kategori A (most likely to find items) dengan jenis sampah paling banyak adalah pembungkus makanan. Ada satu kategori sampah yang ditambahkan karena tidak tercantum dalam form ICC, yaitu kategori G (clothes) yang merupakan tipe sampah tidak biasa ditemukan di wilayah pesisir. Selain pakaian, sampah-sampah tidak biasa lainnya yang ditemukan adalah alat-alat kebersihan diri (personal hygiene). Ekosistem mangrove dapat menjebak segala jenis sampah, mulai dari pembungkus makanan, sisa alat tangkap, hingga pakaian. Sampah-sampah tersebut dapat berasal dari laut maupun dibuang langsung ke ekosistem tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan sampah yang paling sering ditemukan adalah jenis “A2” yaitu food wrapper (pembungkus makanan).

Kata kunci: Ekosistem Mangrove, Macro Debris, Plastik
PENENTUAN JARINGAN AIR BERSIH DARI MATA AIR UNTUK MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN AIR DAERAH KARST LIGARMUKTI, KLAPANUNGGAL KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Maria Rizka
Published: February 2018

Kawasan karst Klapanunggal mempunyai sistem hidrogeologi yang unik dengan potensi mata air dan sungai bawah permukaan. Seperti umumnya wilayah karst, daerah ini mempunyai permasalahan pemenuhan air bersih terutama pada musim kemarau. Perbedaan topografi antara mata air dan sebaran pemukiman menjadi salah satu faktor penghambat penyaluran sumber air. Pemilihan sumber mata air adalah bagian terpenting dalam perencanaan pembangunan jaringan air bersih untuk karst. Secara umum terdapat beberapa kriteria terpenting dalam pemilihan sumber mata air diantaranya debit air (kuantitas), kontinuitas ketersediaan air, dan kualitas air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan jaringan air bersih dari mata air untuk mendukung ketahanan sumber daya air di wilayah karst. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan wawancara, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan analisis proses hirarki (AHP) untuk pemilihan sumber mata air yang melibatkan banyak kriteria dan alternatif pilihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mata air Sodong menjadi pilihan utama sebagai penyuplai jaringan air bersih di wilayah Ligarmukti Klapanunggal. Mata air ini memiliki debit besar dan kontinuitas debit pada musim hujan maupun kemarau. Mata air ini juga digunakan sebagai penyuplai air bersih hingga Kecamatan Cileungsi. Selain itu juga didukung mata air dengan debit kecil yang dapat menjangkau seluruh wilayah pedesaan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai pendukung dalam pemilihan lokasi sumber mata air untuk mendukung ketahanan air di kawasan karst Klapanunggal.

Kata kunci: karst, mata air, ketahanan air
IDENTIFIKASI KARSTIFIKASI PADA KARAKTERISTIK DOLINA Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Ponjong dan Kecamatan Semanu, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul
Authors: Sari Diah Fitri Novita
Published: February 2018

Karst Wonosari merupakan bagian paling penting dalam megasistem Karst Gunung Sewu yang memiliki morfologi beragam. Kecamatan Semanu dan Ponjong termasuk dalam kawasan Karst Wonosari di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul. Morfologi karst seperti gua, dolina, bukit, dan sebagainya terjadi karena karstifikasi atau proses pembentukan karst di kawasan tersebut. Perubahan morfologi dolina dapat berdampak negatif, seperti terjadinya amblesan tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi karstifikasi dengan menggunakan suhu permukaan tanah dan morfometri dolina dengan mengukur panjang, lebar, dan dalam tiap dolina di Kecamatan Ponjong dan Semanu. Diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini, perencanaan wilayah dan pembangunan dapat memperhatikan wilayah dolina yang berpotensi terjadi perubahan bentuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penginderaan jauh untuk pengolahan citra Landsat 8 menghasilkan data suhu permukaan tanah. Selanjutnya dengan metode sistem informasi geografis digunakan analisis overlay untuk menggabungkan data suhu permukaan tanah dan karaktersitik dolina. Karakteristik dolina ini terbagi menjadi dolina berair dan dolina kering. Sementara menurut bentuknya dibagi menjadi dolina oval, bulat, dan tidak beraturan. Jumlah dolina berair dan kering yang memiliki rata-rata suhu permukaan tanah dengan klasifikasi tinggi, sebesar 40% dan 39% dari jumlah tiap jenis dolina. Jumlah dolina berair dengan klasifikasi suhu permukaan tanah sedang lebih banyak dari pada dolina kering, yakni perbandingan keduanya sebesar 29:18. Sebaliknya, pada klasifikasi rendah dan sangat tinggi, jumlahnya lebih sedikit daripada dolina kering, dengan perbandingan 9:11 dan 23:32. Dolina yang berbentuk bulat memiliki rasio panjang/lebar paling kecil dari jenis dolina lain, yaitu 0,8 – 1,57, tetapi dolina tersebut memiliki rasio lebar/kedalaman yang paling tinggi dari jenis dolina lain, yaitu 0,2 – 7,5.

Kata Kunci: Dolina, Karst Wonosari, karstifikasi, Landsat 8
ARAHAN PEMANFAATAN DAYA DUKUNG LAHAN PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Kurniasari Nita
Published: February 2018

Pada tahun 2009 dan 2013 Indonesia memiliki lahan sawah berturut-turut sebesar 8.068.427 Ha dan 1.102.863 Ha. Provinsi Jawa Barat memiliki lahan sawah yang cukup luas namun seiring waktu Provinsi Jawa Barat terus mengalami penurunan lahan sawah. Pada tahun 2009 hingga 2013 luas lahan sawah Jawa Barat mengalami penurunan, dari 937.373 Ha menjadi 925.042 Ha. Luas lahan sawah Kabupaten Bogor fluktuatif dari tahun 2009, 2012, 2013 berturut-turut 45.431 Ha, 40.008 Ha, dan 45.551 Ha. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pemanfaatan daya dukung lahan pertanian untuk penyediaan pertanian tanaman pangan di Kabupaten Bogor pada tahun 2035. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis overlay dan analisis deskriptif. Tingkat daya dukung lahan pertanian dapat ditentukan dengan beberapa variabel, yaitu luas panen tanaman pangan, jumlah produksi tanaman pangan, kebutuhan fisik minimum dan jumlah penduduk. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Kabupaten Bogor memiliki tingkat klasifikasi kelas III atau ≤ 1 artinya wilayah tersebut belum mampu untuk swasembada pangan. Persediaan tanaman pangan perkapita di Kabupaten Bogor lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kebutuhan swasembada pangan perkapita sehingga menjadikan tingkat daya dukung lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Bogor σ = ≤1. Kabupaten Bogor memiliki penyediaan tanaman pangan yang kecil sehingga semakin tidak baik lahan untuk mendukung kegiatan pertanian. Sedangkan kebutuhan untuk swasembada pangan Kabupaten Bogor besar namun tingginya kebutuhan tanaman pangan tidak didukung dengan persediaan untuk swasembada pangan sehingga lahan semakin tidak bagus untuk mendukung kegiatan pertanian.

Kata kunci : Lahan pertanian, SIG, daya dukung
PENGGUNAAN MODEL CFSV2-WRF 3.9.1 UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI POLA SPASIAL SEBARAN HUJAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Putra I Dewa Gede Arya
Published: February 2018

ABSTRAK

Informasi prediksi iklim sangat penting untuk mendukung kelancaran oprasional berbagai sektor. Perkembanganan teknologi saat ini sudah mampu meningkatkan resolusi spasial dalam memprakirakan kondisi iklim dalam rentang waktu yang panjang. Prediksi unsur iklim dapat dilakukan menggunakan model dinamis Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF 3.9.1) dengan memanfaatkan data Initial Conditian Boundary Condition (ICBC) Climate Forecast System Versi 2 (CFSv2) yang diproduksi oleh National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) maksimal prediksi selama 9 bulan ke depan. Domain downscaling dilakukan di wilayah benua maritim Indonesia pada 10° LU–15° LS dan 90° BT–150° BT dengan resolusi spasial 25 km yang dapat menjelaskan pengaruh interaksi dinamika fisis daratan, lautan, dan atmosfer. Hujan adalah salah satu unsur iklim yang merupakan hasil keluaran dari model dinamis WRF 3.9.1, terdapat skema parameterisasi terbaru khusus untuk wilayah iklim tropis yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menambah tools prediksi kondisi unsur iklim di Indonesia. Data prediksi yang dihasilkan WRF 3.9.1 dalam format Netcdf dipetakan menggunakan software Grads 2.01. Berdasarkan prediksi WRF 3.9.1 pada bulan September, Oktober, dan November 2017 didapatkan sebaran hujan bulanan lebih dari 300 mm/bulan selama 3 bulan berada di sepanjang barat Pulau Sumatra membentang dari utara hingga selatan, Kalimantan Utara hingga Kalimantan Timur bagian utara, Sulawesi tengah, dan bagian tengah Pulau Papua. Secara klimatologis bulan November merupakan awal musim hujan di sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia dan terjadi penambahan sebaran curah hujan dengan intensitas tinggi dibandingkan bulan September dan Oktober pada tahun 2017.

Kata kunci: CFSv2-WRF, Grads 2.01, Sebaran Hujan
ANALISIS MORFOMETRI DAS DI DAERAH RENTAN GERAKAN TANAH
Authors: Sukristiyanti Sukristiyanti
Published: February 2018

Analisis morfometri Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) pada dua DAS mikro (Cibintinu dan Cibodas) dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kedua DAS tersebut. 15 parameter morfometrik yang dihitung meliputi orde sungai, jumlah sungai, panjang sungai, panjang rata-rata sungai, rasio panjang sungai, rasio bifurkasi, rasio bifurkasi rerata, kerapatan drainase, tekstur trainase, frekuensi sungai, rasio relief, faktor bentuk, rasio elongasi, rasio sirkularitas, dan panjang aliran permukaan. Longsoran besar terjadi pada tanggal 14 Oktober 2016 di DAS mikro Cibintinu sedangkan rayapan masih terus terjadi di DAS mikro Cibodas. Kedua DAS mikro tersebut saling berdampingan dan berada dalam satu sub DAS, yaitu sub DAS Cibintinu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan karakter DAS pada kedua DAS mikro tersebut. Analisis morfometri DAS dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan SIG (Sistem Informasi Geografis). Data yang digunakan adalah data DEM Terrasar-X dengan resolusi spasial 9 meter serta peta dasar. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa DAS mikro Cibintinu merupakan DAS yang berbentuk memanjang dengan tahap geomorfik muda sedangkan Cibodas merupakan DAS yang berbentuk bulat yang telah mengalami tahap geomorfik lanjut. Hal ini dapat dijadikan masukan untuk penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya keterkaitan antara tahapan geomorfik suatu DAS dengan tipe longsoran.

Kata kunci: morfometri DAS, SIG, gerakan tanah