bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Connection of diagnostic parameters with the technical condition of the engine
Authors: Eltoshkina Evgenia , Ilyin Peter , Svirbutovich Olga , Alexandrov Nicolay
Published: April 2023

The paper presents the results of the study experimental verification of theoretical prerequisites and methodological developments to establish the connection of diagnostic parameters with indicators of the technical condition of the engine of the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant. Experimentally, the most informative, in terms of sensitivity and stability of diagnostic signs, diagnostic modes were obtained. The method and technology of differential engine diagnostics have been developed and tested in production conditions. And also in the article the results of the analysis of the obtained data carried out in a complex of laboratory and operational tests, including experimental studies to optimize the speed mode of engine diagnostics when cranking the crankshaft; identification of the effect of valve misalignments and decompression in the engine cylinders being tested at the time of the resistance to cranking and compression resistance; study of the technical condition parameters affecting the moment of resistance to cranking of the crankshaft and compression resistance of the tested cylinders. According to the proposed method, experimental dependences of the change in the torque of the rolling resistance and compression resistance of the internal combustion engine were obtained.
Orientation of the stream interface in CIRs
Authors: Koban Gergely , Opitz Andrea , Biro Nikolett , Nemeth Zoltan
Published: April 2023

Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) are complex structures in the Heliosphere that arise from the interaction of fast and slow solar wind streams. The interface between fast and slow solar wind is called the stream interface, which often has considerable north-south tilt. We apply a sliding window correlation method on multi-spacecraft data in order to obtain the time delay between the spacecraft. Using these time delays and in-situ solar wind velocity measurements, we can shift the positions of two spacecraft, and, together with the position of the reference spacecraft, we can reconstruct the spatial orientation of the stream interface. We examined four CIRs from two different solar sources at the beginning of 2007 using ACE, WIND, and STEREO-A spacecraft data. The gradually increasing distance between STEREO-A and the other spacecraft provides an opportunity to determine the effects of spacecraft separation on the quality of the results. In three out of the four events, the determined planes generally follow the Parker spiral in the ecliptic, their off-ecliptic tilt is determined by the position of the source of the high-speed stream. For the fourth event, STEREO-A was probably too far away for this method to be successfully applied.
Imaging Features of COVID-19-Associated Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Yadav Nishtha , Kumar Ambuj , Sachdeva Kavita , Asati Shruti
Published: April 2023

Background Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFR) is a rare, rapidly progressive, and life-threatening infection involving the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Purpose of this study is to describe imaging features of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)-associated AIFR.

Methods This was a retrospective observational study. Inclusion criteria: (1) post-COVID-19 patients with fungal rhinosinusitis detected on potassium hydroxide smear or histopathology; (2) onset of symptoms (facial pain, dental pain, facial swelling or discoloration, nasal bleed, periorbital swelling, ptosis, redness of eyes, vision loss) less than 4 weeks; and (3) magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography (MRI/CT) done within 5 days before surgery. Exclusion criteria: (1) cases of sinusitis without a history of previous COVID-19 infection; and (2) cases in whom fungal hyphae were not demonstrated on pathological examination. Noncontrast CT and dedicated MRI sequences were done initially. Site of involvement, unilateral/bilateral involvement, pattern of mucosal thickening, enhancement pattern, periantral invasion, orbital invasion, intracranial involvement, perineural spread, vascular involvement, and bony involvement were recorded. CT and MRI imaging features were compared.

Results Analysis of 90 studies (CT and MRI) in 60 patients was done. Most common site of involvement was ethmoid followed by maxillary sinus. Bilateral disease was more common. Mucosal thickening with T2 hypointense septations was seen in 88.4% MRI studies. Periantral and orbital involvement was seen, respectively, in 84.6% and 55.7% cases of MRI. Intracranial involvement was noted in form of meningitis, cerebritis, abscess, infarct, hemorrhage, cavernous sinus, or perineural invasion. Vascular involvement was noted in form of vascular occlusion (n = 3), vascular narrowing (n = 3), and pseudoaneurysm (n = 2). MRI was more sensitive in detecting periantral invasion, deep infratemporal fossa, cavernous sinus involvement, perineural invasion, optic nerve involvement, and vascular occlusion and narrowing, while CT was superior in identification of bony erosions.

Conclusion Early recognition of AIFR in post-COVID-19 patients is important to prevent disease-related morbidity/mortality. Several rarely described findings are noted in our series of AIFR, like optic nerve involvement, pituitary fungal abscess, perineural spread, fungal aneurysms, and arteritis-related posterior circulation infarcts. MRI is superior for early detection of disease and in estimation of extent of disease, compared with CT. Imaging can help in early detection of AIFR, which has a significant impact on patient outcome.
Global Trends in Occupational Lung Disease
Authors: Cohen Robert A. , Go Leonard H.T. , Rose Cecile S.
Published: April 2023

Lung diseases caused by workplace exposure are too often mis- or underdiagnosed due in part to nonexistent or inadequate health surveillance programs for workers. Many of these diseases are indistinguishable from those that occur in the general population and are not recognized as being caused at least in part by occupational exposures. More than 10% of all lung diseases are estimated to result from workplace exposures. This study reviews recent estimates of the burden of the most important occupational lung diseases using data published by United Nations specialized agencies as well as the Global Burden of Disease studies. We focus on occupational chronic respiratory disease of which chronic obstructive lung disease and asthma are the most significant. Among occupational cancers, lung cancer is the most common, and is associated with more than 10 important workplace carcinogens. Classic occupational interstitial lung diseases such as asbestosis, silicosis, and coal workers' pneumoconiosis still comprise a substantial burden of disease in modern industrial societies, while other occupational causes of pulmonary fibrosis and granulomatous inflammation are frequently misclassified as idiopathic. Occupational respiratory infections gained prominence during the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, eclipsing influenza and tuberculosis and other less common workplace infectious agents. The most significant risks are workplace exposures to particulate matter, gases, and fumes as well as occupational carcinogens and asthmagens. We present data on the burden of disease measured by deaths attributable to occupational respiratory disease as well as disability-adjusted years of life lost. Where available, prevalence and incidence data are also presented. These diseases are unique in that they are theoretically 100% preventable if appropriate exposure controls and workplace medical surveillance are implemented. This remains a continuing challenge globally and requires steadfast commitment on the part of government, industry, organized labor, and the medical profession.
Physiology and Biomarkers for Surveillance of Occupational Lung Disease
Authors: Yates Deborah H.
Published: April 2023

Respiratory surveillance is the process whereby a group of exposed workers are regularly tested (or screened) for those lung diseases which occur as a result of a specific work exposure. Surveillance is performed by assessing various measures of biological or pathological processes (or biomarkers) for change over time. These traditionally include questionnaires, lung physiological assessments (especially spirometry), and imaging. Early detection of pathological processes or disease can enable removal of a worker from a potentially harmful exposure at an early stage. In this article, we summarize the physiological biomarkers currently used for respiratory surveillance, while commenting on differences in interpretative strategies between different professional groups. We also briefly review the many new techniques which are currently being assessed for respiratory surveillance in prospective research studies and which are likely to significantly broaden and enhance this field in the near future.
Australian veterans’ experience of pet ownership: Benefits, costs, and moderating factors
Authors: Zoanetti Joshua , Nielsen Torben Dahl , Tuke Jono , Young Janette , Hazel Susan
Published: April 2023

Australian military veterans, like many veteran populations globally, experience mental health issues, such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and suicide, at rates higher than the general population. The impact of having a non-formally trained companion animal on veteran mental health is largely unknown, with literature focusing on trained assistance animals to look at specific illnesses. The aims of the current study were to assess current Australian veteran pet ownership, and to investigate if there was an association between both mental health and perceived cost of pet ownership with level of attachment to ones’ pet.

An online survey targeting Australian veterans and including demographics, and validated scales for mental health, perceived cost of pet ownership and level of attachment was created. The survey was completed by 945 Australian veterans. Dogs were the most owned pet, at 86% of all respondents. Significant negative associations were found between mental health and level of attachment to a pet, with higher attachment associated with poorer mental health. In addition, the level of attachment was negatively associated with the perceived cost of pet ownership.

Pets play a vital role in the daily life of many Australian veterans. While higher attachment was associated with poorer mental health, a higher attachment was also associated with a lower perceived cost of having a pet. The costs and benefits of the human-animal bond are likely complex, and further research, including prospective studies, is required. This will ensure policy and programmes can be developed to maximise the positive impacts, whilst assisting in moderating perceived costs associated with pet ownership.
Mobility edges in one-dimensional finite-sized models with large quasi-periodic disorders
Authors: Tang 汤 Qiyun 起芸 , He 贺 Yan 言
Published: April 2023

We study the one-dimensional tight-binding model with quasi-periodic disorders, where the quasi-period is tuned to be large compared to the system size. It is found that this type of model with large quasi-periodic disorders can also support the mobility edges, which is very similar to the models with slowly varying quasi-periodic disorders. The energy-matching method is employed to determine the locations of mobility edges in both types of models. These results of mobility edges are verified by numerical calculations in various examples. We also provide qualitative arguments to support the fact that large quasi-periodic disorders will lead to the existence of mobility edges.
Improved Power System Load Forecasting Using Information on Climate and Social Events
Authors: Tan Boheng , Li Hongyi , Yin Le
Published: April 2023

Power system load forecasting is crucial for power system planning, operation, and control, which reduces operational costs and improves economic efficiency. However, the current forecasting techniques, including LSTM and ARIMA models, ignore the influence of important factors like weather conditions, public holidays, and social events on power system load, which may give rise to inaccurate prediction results. To mitigate this issue, the present work makes use of the Mann-Kendall mutation detection algorithm to detect abrupt changes in power system load caused by the factors mentioned above. A correction function is then developed to improve the prediction accuracy of a conventional prediction model like ARIMA. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
A Method for Judging the Arc-Extinction Time of Resonant Grounding System Based on Frequence Difference
Authors: Zhang Fan , Xue Yongduan , Zhao Rende , Xu Mingming
Published: April 2023

In the resonant grounding system, the accurate judgment of arc-extinction time has guiding significance for the line selection of grounding fault, the evaluation of the arc suppression effect, and the extraction and utilization of transient information after arc extinction. Aiming at the single-phase grounding fault of resonant grounding system, this paper analyzes the frequence change characteristics before and after arc extinction. It is found that the frequence of zero-sequence electrical quantity before arc extinction is power frequence, and it changes after arc extinction. It is used to construct single-frequence methods and dual-frequence methods for judging arc-extinction time. As a tool for dynamic frequence measurement, SOGI-FLL is utilized to realize the engineering application of the method for judging arc-extinction time. The method’s accuracy is proved by Matlab/Simulink simulation and field test.
Low power delta sigma capacitor conversion circuit
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Duan Quanzhen
Published: April 2023

To accurately measure the micro capacitance, a kind of capacitance conversion circuit that uses a second-order Sigma-Delta modulation technique is introduced, and the measuring range of inductive capacitance is extended by a 4-bit DAC capacitor. The loop oscillator is used to provide the modulator with a 16 kHz square wave signal. Because the circuit has a built-in clock generation circuit, no external clock signal is required outside the chip. Chopping technology is used to reduce the impact of 1/f noise on circuit performance. This capacitance conversion circuit is based on the SMIC 0.18um process, simulated and verified with cadence, MATLAB and other tools. The circuit achieves a capacitance range from 0 to 35pF and consumes 25μA from a 1.2V single supply. The conversion time for one measurement is 15ms, during which the resolution is 4fF and good linearity is achieved.
Joint estimation of SOC and SOH of lithium battery based on multi-time scale EKF-ASRCKF algorithm
Authors: Sun Chao , Liu ShiLin , Sun Bo
Published: April 2023

To address the low accuracy of battery charged of state (SOC) estimation due to fixed model parameters and capacity, a joint multi-time scale estimation algorithm (EKF-ASRCKF) is proposed in this paper, which consists of the adaptive square root cubature Kalman filter (ASRCKF) algorithm and the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm. Firstly, the model parameters and capacity on the macroscopic time scale are identified by the EKF algorithm; meanwhile, the battery capacity estimation results characterize the battery health of state (SOH). Then the ASRCKF algorithm estimates the SOC on the microscopic time scale. Finally, the experimental validation is carried out under the BBDST condition. The validation result indicates that the EKF-ASRCKF algorithm provides a good estimation of the model parameters and capacity, which further improves the estimation precision of the battery SOC.
Numerical Study on the Bearing Capacity of Lubricant Film in Journal Bearing with Micro-textured Surface
Authors: Lu Daixing , Zhang Yinsheng , Lu Junjie
Published: April 2023

For studying the hydrodynamic lubrication performance of micro-textured radial journal bearings, a numerical model of hydrodynamic lubrication for journal bearings was established first. Solve the established numerical model using FDM, and the lubricant film pressure distribution and static characteristics of bearings were obtained. Considering the processing cost and feasibility of the processing technology, the cylindrical texture arranged in the radial of the bearing shell surface is applied, the lubricant film thickness equation considering the micro-texture is introduced into the Reynolds equation. According to the height and distribution density of microstructure, the bearing capacity parameters were obtained. The load-carrying capacity of micro structure journal bearing is significantly higher than that of plain bearing. In this paper, a practical model with cylindrical micro-textured surface is given for journal bearing applications with high capacity demand.
A Safety Distance Warning Method for Transmission Lines Based on the Relationship Between Approach Angle and Field Strength
Authors: Tang Haitao , Li Mengxuan , Zhao Zhenqiang , Ma Xiao , Li Yuwen , Yang Zhi , Yu Jindong
Published: April 2023

To prevent construction machinery from intruding into the transmission corridor, a distance early warning method based on the relationship between the approach angle and the electric field strength is proposed. First, use the simulation analysis to determine the installation position of the electric field sensor. Then, the relationship between the approach angle and the electric field strength at the minimum safe distance outside the transmission line for different voltage levels, number of loops, and loop arrangement are analyzed, and the approach angle and electric field strength are used as comprehensive criteria. Finally, the relationship between the comprehensive criteria of various types of transmission lines is analyzed. Through the method proposed in this paper, an effective control method can be provided for maintaining the minimum safe distance when the construction machinery works near the transmission line.
Design and Performance Verification of Pump-Driven Two-Phase Cooling System based on PID Control
Authors: Zhao Wen , Jiang Nan , Xia Shantao , Zuo Kungang , Tang Junhao
Published: April 2023

The core components of phased array radar have high power density. A pump-driven, two-phase cooling prototype was designed and built for their problems such as high heat consumption and high heat dissipation demand. The results showed that the flow rate through each branch was stable, and the heat dissipation performance was better in the case of PID control compared to the case of a flat-faced tube.
Research on Parametric Design of Traditional Weaving Elements
Authors: Xiao Chengnan , Han Jun
Published: April 2023

Derived from computer-aided design, parametric design has been widely used in many fields. Parametric design has gone through multiple iterations, whose methods are summarised by numerous researchers, and a large number of excellent graphical algorithms have been produced. However, in spite of the growing interest in Chinese culture, no parametric modelling tool has yet done a systematic treatment of traditional Chinese design elements. In this paper, traditional weaving elements are taken as an example. By constructing the constraint relationship between parameters and modelling, the design result can be changed by modifying parameters. This feature of parameterization, applied in product design, can help avoid a considerable amount of repetitive modification. This can not only help designers improve efficiency, but also promote the spread of traditional Chinese culture worldwide.
Individual autonomous safety intelligence technology for radioactive material transportation—Multi-sensor fusion early warning technology based on evidence theory
Authors: Yang Qin , Liu Zhenhai , Yang Xiaohua , Wan Yaping , Zeng Tiejun
Published: April 2023

This paper briefly introduces the research project on individual autonomous security intelligence for radioactive materials using radar and microwave-infrared detectors to autonomously sense external threats during railroad transportation and achieve individual autonomous security intelligence. Due to the shortcomings of the single sensor with a false alarm, the project fuses the perception information of each sensor connected to the radar-infrared node to decide the level of danger warning and improve the level of individual autonomous security of radioactive materials. To further improve the accuracy and reduce the false alarm rate of individual autonomous hazard warnings, a reasonable basic probability assignment (BPA) is constructed for each sensor based on a fuzzy set and rough set according to the practical application, and the fusion of individual autonomous perception information is realized by combining Pearson correlation coefficient and D-S evidence theory. The experimental results show that the fused hazard warning accuracy is 91.72% and the false alarm rate is 8.28%, which indicates that individual autonomous safety intelligence can be effectively realized.
End Motion Path Analysis of Notched Variable Cross-section Flexible Manipulator Based on 3R Pseudo-Rigid Body Model
Authors: Zhang Liang , Wu Yifan , Zhang Qi
Published: April 2023

A wire-driven planar curved notched flexible manipulator with variable cross-section is designed. Based on the Bernoulli Euler beam equation, the end track and rotation angle of the notched flexible manipulator with variable cross-section after applying force is deduced theoretically. In addition, the 3R pseudo rigid body model is used to calculate the end track and rotation angle, and ABAQUS finite element analysis software is used for motion simulation. Then, MATLAB is used for post-processing to obtain the end track of the flexible manipulator. By comparing the track of the 3R pseudo rigid body model with the ABAQUS simulation track, the relative error is obtained. The conclusion proves that the 3R pseudo rigid body model can effectively simulate the end track of a notched flexible manipulator with variable cross-section after bending, which expands a new method for solving the complex end motion problem of a flexible manipulator with variable cross-section, and also broadens the applicable structure of the 3R pseudo rigid body model.
Research on Simulation Technology of Photoelectric Theodolite Based on Measured Infrared Image Sequence
Authors: Lei Hao , Ji Yu , Fu Feiya , Wen Yinghui
Published: April 2023

Infrared image simulation[1] is an effective means to test, train and evaluate photoelectric theodolite, which has very important economic and military value. To solve the problems of weak pertinence, low fidelity, and complex algorithm of traditional infrared image simulation technology, this paper proposes a new infrared simulation technology based on a measured image sequence. Through automatic background stitching, moving target detection and extraction, a real-time fusion of target background, and infrared image simulation of real target/background is realized. The experimental results show that the technique has high accuracy and good real-time performance, and provides reliable technical support for the performance evaluation and personnel training of photoelectric theodolite.
Lightweight Semantic segmentation method based on GhostNet and Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling
Authors: Liao Hengfeng , Yan Wei , Liu Deyu
Published: April 2023

Semantic segmentation is frequently utilized in computer vision projects like remote sensing picture segmentation, unmanned driving, and medical image segmentation. A lightweight semantic segmentation model is suggested by taking into account three components of the network - parameters, calculation, and performance - to address the issue of deploying embedded platforms with constrained processing power and hardware storage. Dual Attention is used with Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) to obtain precise relevant data utilizing the lightweight network GhostNet as the foundation, and to lighten ASPP’s computational burden, depthwise separable convolution is used. To obtain a distinct segmentation boundary, a multi-scale splicing technique is then used. With network parameters of 2.78106, a floating-point calculation of 1.931GFLOPs, and a MIoU of 72.13% in the experiments just on PASCAL VOC 2012, the model achieves an excellent compromise between computational efficiency and segmentation precision.
Distributed PV Management Based on Edge-cloud Computing Model of Smart Distribution Transformer Terminal Unit
Authors: Shao Yinchi , Zong Jin , Lin Jiayin , Chen Can
Published: April 2023

With the growing installation of distributed PV at a low voltage level and the resulting concerns about good power quality, power facilities see a greater need for energy management programs, especially for flexible distributed PV management. In the dawn of a new generation of ICT technologies, an edge-cloud computing model widely applied to smart distribution transformer terminal units (SD-TTU) is proposed to achieve lifecycle management of power facilities. Firstly, existing distribution management systems’ current practices and limitations are presented. According to the development trend, the reconstructed computing model involves three layers, and data interaction among the cloud layer, edge layer, and device layer is described. To support the huge scale of sensed data integration and transmission, the architecture of the edge node is established. Then the technical details for the distributed PV management are presented, including equipment configuration, main monitoring information, and specific procedures.
Analysis of Doubly-fed Wind Turbines Oscillation Considering the Influence of Wind Speed
Authors: Yang Dongju
Published: April 2023

The accepted models of wind turbine and generator, respectively, were used to investigate how wind speed affected the subsynchronous oscillation of Double-fed wind turbine. Secondly, the oscillation characteristics of output are analyzed in the model/simulation of the PSCAD / EMTDC platform. The energy consumed when the wind speed changes are mainly affected by the subsystem of wind turbine. Below rated wind speed, increasing wind speed can inhibit subsynchronous oscillation, and increase the stability of the unit. The wind speed on the sub-synchronous oscillation is small as higher than normal wind speed.
Static Analysis of Manipulator Based on Solidworks and ANSYS Workbench
Authors: Zhang Jinmin , Wang Lihong , Jing Li
Published: April 2023

China has gradually achieved a far leading position in the field of industrial robots. The application of robots in various fields has also been widely promoted. Therefore, the safety and reliability of robot work need to be further improved. This paper is mainly for the safety and reliability of the robot arm in the work. Based on Solidworks and ANSYS, the workbench performs a static analysis of a robotic arm with six degrees of freedom. Firstly, the three-dimensional model of the robot arm is established by Solidworks. And then, it is introduced into the ANSYS workbench to simulate the actual force situation to analyze the force of the robot arm and obtain the change law of the stress on each component and the deformation of the key structure during operation. According to the analysis results of ANSYS workbench software, the design of each component of the robot arm has a certain degree of reliability, which can lay the foundation for subsequent research such as motion control.
Research on Comprehensive Carrying Capacity Evaluation Indicator System and Optimal Dispatching of Active Distribution Network
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Huaqiang , Shi Wenjie
Published: April 2023

With the development of wind and solar power, the randomness and uncertainty of the power system have brought challenges to the optimal dispatching of active distribution networks. A dispatching model based on the comprehensive carrying capacity index system is proposed to improve the safety and stability of the active distribution network under uncertain factors and to excavate the potential of controllable resources. Firstly, the comprehensive carrying capacity indicator system is proposed from the three sides respectively, including network and load. Then economic optimal dispatching model is established on the basis of the indicator system. Finally, the model and its effectiveness are verified by the simulation analysis of the improved IEEE 33 nodes system by Particle Swarm Optimization.
Research on Harmonic Mitigation Strategy of Static VAR Generator Based on Frequency Adaptation
Authors: Gu Wen , Xu Haohui , Mei Rui , Zheng Chaohang , Jian YU , Wu Xi
Published: April 2023

Offshore wind farms are integrated into the power grid via AC submarine cables, which may cause severe harmonic problems and reduce the power quality of the grid. To address the problem of excessive harmonics in offshore wind power plants (WPPs), this paper proposes a method applying the static var generator (SVG) with frequency adaptive harmonic mitigation function to the offshore WPPs. Firstly, the SVG model and the mechanism of harmonic mitigation are investigated. Secondly, the proportional and resonant control strategy is proposed according to the internal model theorem and applied to the voltage control loop of SVG. The harmonic suppression performance of SVG is studied through the Bode diagram. Thirdly, to adapt to the uncertainty of harmonic frequencies, the recursive least-squares method is introduced to realize the real-time tracking of harmonic frequencies. And the harmonic compensation bandwidth of the SVG is broadened by adjusting the parameters of the controller. Finally, the offshore WPPs in Jiangsu are built based on the Matlab/Simulink platform to verify the effectiveness of the mitigation strategy. Compared with the LC filter, the improved method can effectively mitigate (inter-) harmonics and has strong robustness and adaptability.
Smart meter data transmission based on compressed sensing
Authors: Chen Wei , He Jiafeng , Cai Gaoyan , Luo Dehan
Published: April 2023

To achieve high-precision load recognition for residential electricity consumption and to solve the transmission problem of collecting large amounts of current data from household appliances by smart meters, a data transmission method based on compressed sensing is proposed to reduce data transmission costs. Firstly, a dictionary learning algorithm is used to sparsely represent the current data of household appliances, and the over-complete dictionary matrix is used as the sparse matrix; then a random Gaussian matrix is used as the measurement matrix for data transmission, and finally, regular orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm is used to complete the data reconstruction. The experimental results show that the reconstruction effect of this method is better than the traditional reconstruction method under the same compression ratio.
Current Harmonic Control Method of Wind Turbine Based on PIR Controller
Authors: He Liyuan , Zhou Chuanwei , Wu Lanjiang
Published: April 2023

Wind power equipment technology is the basis for the development of wind power generation. Aiming at the problem that the traditional PI controller is difficult to control the AC component of the current in the DQ axis, resulting in a large number of current harmonics in the process of power generation, which seriously affects the efficiency of power generation. This paper proposes a current harmonic control method for wind turbines based on a PIR controller. The mathematical model of wind power generation is constructed based on the synchronous rotating coordinate system. The current harmonic components are calculated according to the DQ rotor speed, shaft component, and other parameters. The PIR current harmonic controller is established by improving the ordinary PI controller to track and control the AC current signal. And finally, a current harmonic control target value is obtained according to different main control targets, and a specific harmonic component is eliminated. The experimental results show that the harmonic content is 3.12%, 2.06%, 1.17%, and 1. 02%, respectively, when the harmonic current order is 5, 7, 11, and 13. It is better than the comparison method. Therefore, this method can greatly reduce the harmonic content of the current in the process of different current orders, reduce the harmonic loss, and improve the generating efficiency of the unit.
Energy-saving street lamp system based on wireless sensor network
Authors: Hu Yubin , Wu Jian , Shi Heng , Shao Bo
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this paper is to design a smart street lamp controscheme that uses wireless sensor networks to meet the needs of smartcity construction and to create energy-saving street lamps. First, the traditional neural network algorithm is enhanced to make it simple to dynamically adjust the brightness of the lamp node with ambient light. Secondly, the wireless sensor network technology based on Zigbee communication and the LabVIEW host computer program were combined to create the intelligent street lamp system. Finally, the software and hardware tests were carried out to realize the dynamic adjustment, remote control and data transmission of street lights. The results show that the lamps controlled by neural network can flexibly adjust the light intensity according to the ambient lighting and traffic flow. This method enables intelligent adjustment and energy saving.
Influences of Ocean Environment on Sound Propagation Based on Bellhop Model
Authors: Yang Hui , Pang Xueliang , Jiang Pengfei
Published: April 2023

The actual marine environment is complex and changeable, and different marine environmental factors have an important impact on sound propagation. Based on the Bellhop model, this paper studies the sound propagation characteristics under different marine environmental factors, quantitatively analyzes the differences in the sound propagation characteristics when the seabed topography, sound velocity profile, and sound source emission angle change, and summarizes the impact on underwater sound propagation under different conditions, so as to provide a theoretical numerical basis for the ocean sound field in the actual complex environment, and further serve the research of the ocean sound field.
A Kalman Filter-based Method for Measuring the Spacing of Tiny Parallel Capacitor Plates
Authors: Hou Hanyu , Pu Kezhi , Jiang Jiaqi , He Hao
Published: April 2023

The method uses multivibrators composed of the 555 timer as the Tiny Polar Plate Pitch Capacitive Sensor, and programs the MCU to construct a discrete Kalman filter to filter the capacitance data, and then uses the arithmetic averaging method to obtain the fluctuating capacitance values at a fixed parallel plate pitch. Then, we use the capacitance data for “state estimation.” We first update the estimate of the state variable using the estimated real data of the previous moment and the observed real data of the current moment, and then predict the real parallel plate pitch for the next moment. Multiple measurements give enough data, which are very close to the real results using the Kalman filter [1]. After extensive experimental measurements, this method can achieve 99% accuracy within 0 mm to 5 mm.
Development of a list-mode data acquisition system for prompt X-ray imaging during irradiation with carbon-ions
Authors: Yamamoto Seiichi , Yabe Takuya , Akagi Takashi , Yamaguchi Mitsutaka , Kawachi Naoki , Kamada Kei , Yoshikawa Akira , Kataoka Jun
Published: April 2023

Prompt X-ray imaging using a low-energy X-ray camera is a promising method for observing the beam shape from outside the subject. However, such imaging has so far been conducted only on static images with relatively long acquisition times without any energy information. Consequently, we performed list-mode prompt X-ray imaging using a newly developed data acquisition system combined with a pinhole YAP(Ce) camera during irradiation of a water phantom with carbon ions. Prompt X-ray imaging was conducted in list mode with a 1-ms time stamp and 128-channel energy bins during irradiation of a water phantom with 241.5 MeV/n carbon ions. After the imaging, list-mode data were sorted to obtain the time-sequential prompt X-ray images and those with different energies. From the images with different energies, we found the energy spectra were different depending on the areas in the images, and the reduction of the background fraction was possible. From the short time-sequential prompt X-ray images, we could even observe the differences in the images depending on the acquisition times, as well as the spill and ripple shapes of the carbon ion beam.
Radial direction ultrasonic-vibration and laser assisted turning of Al3003 alloy
Authors: Deswal Neeraj , Kant Ravi
Published: April 2023

The utilization of various energy sources to assist the machining process has become prominent to obtain significant improvement in the machining performance. These energy sources have been utilized without using any cutting fluids which makes them eco-friendly. The combined action of laser and ultrasonic vibration energies during the turning process has shown significant achievement in machining process capabilities. Therefore, an attempt has been made to provide ultrasonic vibration in the radial direction and laser to preheat aluminium 3003 alloy simultaneously during the ultrasonic-vibration-laser assisted turning (UVLAT) process. Machining performance has been analyzed in terms of machining forces, machining temperature, chip morphology, surface damage, and surface roughness. A comparative machining performance analysis has been performed among the conventional turning (CT), ultrasonic vibration assisted turning (UVAT), laser assisted turning (LAT), and UVLAT processes. The outcomes of the present study revealed significant improvement in the machining performance for aluminium 3003 alloy during the UVLAT process. However, surface damage and surface roughness have been affected negatively during the UVLAT process due to the pin-point hammering and particle adhesion on the workpiece part. Hence, it can be said that the selection of vibration direction is a critical factor during the vibration machining processes.
IceCube detects high-energy neutrinos from an active galactic nucleus
Authors: Cooper Keith
Published: April 2023

High-energy neutrinos from the active galactic nucleus at the heart of the Messier 77 galaxy have been detected by the IceCube neutrino observatory.
UK firm wins major quantum computing contract
Authors: Boerkamp Martijn
Published: April 2023

British quantum start-up Universal Quantum has been awarded one of the largest government quantum-computing contracts ever given to a single company.
A quantum Nobel
Authors: Crease Robert P , Elia Gino
Published: April 2023

Robert P Crease and Gino Elia wonder whether this year’s Nobel prize would have been awarded if no-one cared about reality.
A Nobel life
Authors: Gidopoulos Nikitas
Published: April 2023

In response to the blogs on the Physics World website that looked at physicists, such as Ernest Rutherford, who won a Nobel prize in fields other than physics.
100 years of the Stern–Gerlach experiment
Authors: Johnston Hamish
Published: April 2023

A century ago, the German physicists Otto Stern and Walther Gerlach carried out an experiment that gave an important credibility boost to the new-fangled notion of quantum mechanics. But as Hamish Johnston discovers, their now-famous experiment succeeded even if the physics on which it was based wasn’t quite right.
Uncharted territories of scientific history
Authors: Chandran Anita
Published: April 2023

Anita Chandran reviews Horizons: a Global History of Science by James Poskett.
Strengthening effect of El Niño on the following spring Indian Ocean warming with implications for the seasonal prediction of the Asian summer monsoons
Authors: Zhang Zhiyuan , Li Gen
Published: April 2023

El Niño induces a southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO) warming in decaying springs by forcing the slow-propagating downwelling oceanic Rossby waves south of the equatorial Indian Ocean (IO), which could exert a great influence on the subsequent South and East Asian summer monsoons. This brings the seasonal predictability to the regional monsoons. Here we identify a strengthening effect of El Niño on the following spring SWIO warming during 1948–2020. This is owing to the enhancing intensity and lengthening duration of the El Niño-related warm sea surface temperature anomalies over the tropical central Pacific in recent decades. In particular, this strengthening lagged effect of El Niño on the SWIO warming further results in more significant correlations between El Niño and the subsequent South and East Asian summer monsoons. Conceivably, this enhances the regional monsoon predictability, with potentially tremendous benefits for the socio-economic livelihood of billions of people living in the Asian monsoons.
Air Pollution and Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Events in Older Adults With High-Risk Conditions
Authors: Nethery Rachel C , Josey Kevin , Gandhi Poonam , Kim Jung Hyun , Visaria Aayush , Bates Benjamin , Schwartz Joel , Robinson David , Setoguchi Soko
Published: April 2023

Little epidemiologic research has focused on pollution-related risks in medically vulnerable or marginalized groups. Using a nationwide 50% random sample of 2008–2016 Medicare Part D–eligible fee-for-service participants in the United States, we identified a cohort with high-risk conditions for cardiovascular and thromboembolic events (CTEs) and linked individuals with seasonal average zip-code–level concentrations of fine particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5)). We assessed the relationship between seasonal PM2.5 exposure and hospitalization for each of 7 CTE-related causes using history-adjusted marginal structural models with adjustment for individual demographic and neighborhood socioeconomic variables, as well as baseline comorbidity, health behaviors, and health-service measures. We examined effect modification across geographically and demographically defined subgroups. The cohort included 1,934,453 individuals with high-risk conditions (mean age = 77 years; 60% female, 87% White). A 1-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with increased risk of 6 out of 7 types of CTE hospitalization. Strong increases were observed for transient ischemic attack (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.039, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.034, 1.044), venous thromboembolism (HR = 1.031, 95% CI: 1.027, 1.035), and heart failure (HR = 1.019, 95% CI: 1.017, 1.020). Asian Americans were found to be particularly susceptible to thromboembolic effects of PM2.5 (venous thromboembolism: HR = 1.063, 95% CI: 1.021, 1.106), while Native Americans were most vulnerable to cerebrovascular effects (transient ischemic attack: HR = 1.093, 95% CI: 1.030, 1.161).
Evaluation of the updated SOCcer v2 algorithm for coding free-text job descriptions in three epidemiologic studies
Authors: Russ Daniel E , Josse Pabitra , Remen Thomas , Hofmann Jonathan N , Purdue Mark P , Siemiatycki Jack , Silverman Debra T , Zhang Yawei , Lavoué Jerome , Friesen Melissa C
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Computer-assisted coding of job descriptions to standardized occupational classification codes facilitates evaluating occupational risk factors in epidemiologic studies by reducing the number of jobs needing expert coding. We evaluated the performance of the 2nd version of SOCcer, a computerized algorithm designed to code free-text job descriptions to US SOC-2010 system based on free-text job titles and work tasks, to evaluate its accuracy.

Methods

SOCcer v2 was updated by expanding the training data to include jobs from several epidemiologic studies and revising the algorithm to account for nonlinearity and incorporate interactions. We evaluated the agreement between codes assigned by experts and the highest scoring code (a measure of confidence in the algorithm-predicted assignment) from SOCcer v1 and v2 in 14,714 jobs from three epidemiology studies. We also linked exposure estimates for 258 agents in the job-exposure matrix CANJEM to the expert and SOCcer v2-assigned codes and compared those estimates using kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients. Analyses were stratified by SOCcer score, score distance between the top two scoring codes from SOCcer, and features from CANJEM.

Results

SOCcer’s v2 agreement at the 6-digit level was 50%, compared to 44% in v1, and was similar for the three studies (38%–45%). Overall agreement for v2 at the 2-, 3-, and 5-digit was 73%, 63%, and 56%, respectively. For v2, median ICCs for the probability and intensity metrics were 0.67 (IQR 0.59–0.74) and 0.56 (IQR 0.50–0.60), respectively. The agreement between the expert and SOCcer assigned codes linearly increased with SOCcer score. The agreement also improved when the top two scoring codes had larger differences in score.

Conclusions

Overall agreement with SOCcer v2 applied to job descriptions from North American epidemiologic studies was similar to the agreement usually observed between two experts. SOCcer’s score predicted agreement with experts and can be used to prioritize jobs for expert review.
The vital role of natural history studies in rare disease: insights from X-linked dystonia parkinsonism
Authors: Haq Ihtsham , Brashear Allison
Published: April 2023

This scientific commentary refers to ‘Establishing a natural history of X-linked dystonia parkinsonism’, by Acuna et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcad106).
“Activists” contra democracy: the dangers of rightwing activism and its strategic disavowal
Authors: Banaji Shakuntala
Published: April 2023

The word activism tends to conjure different imagery depending on the institutional and geopolitical context. However, in left progressive circles it has usually connoted something challenging towards or resistant to injustice, and aligned with broadly progressive and democratic values. As recently as 2012, social media were being lauded as a new means of progressive social change in a bouquet of other tools against autocracy in the Global South. Based on original interviews over the past five years, this article outlines starkly, and from an intersectional socialist-feminist perspective, the dangers of allowing a warm fuzzy conception of activism to divert attention from the fascist politics being enacted online across vast swathes of the Global South, including in Brazil and India.
Simultaneous Quantitation of Anlotinib and Osimertinib by Isotope-Labeled UHPLC–MS/MS in Human Plasma: Application in NSCLC Patients
Authors: Liu Yao , Lin Zhong , Luo Wenji , Pei Xiaofeng , She Ziyue , Sha Zhou , Guan Yanping , Ming Dandan , Liang Jiabi
Published: April 2023

Anlotinib and osimertinib are a class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of malignant tumor. The combination of anlotinib and osimertinib is currently used for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. This study aimed to develop a simple and rapid isotope-labeled UHPLC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of anlotinib and osimertinib in human plasma. The analytes were extracted by protein precipitation with acetonitrile and were then separated on a Shim-pack GIST C18 column. The detection was performed on Shimadzu 8050 triple quadruple mass spectrometer in the positive electrospray ionization mode with multiple reaction monitoring. The precursor-to-product ion transitions were m/z 408.10→ 339.75, 500.25→ 72.20 and 413.50 → 344.50 for anlotinib, osimertinib and D5-anlotinib, respectively. Validation is based on US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The linearity ranges were 0.5–100 ng/mL for anlotinib and were 1–500 ng/mL for osimertinib with the correlation coefficients (r  2) ≥ 0.99. Accuracy and precision, matrix effect, extraction recovery and stability of anlotinib and osimertinib were acceptable after validation. The UHPLC–MS/MS method was successfully validated and was applied to monitor the concentration of anlotinib and osimertinib in NSCLC patients.