bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Graphic Aspects of Textual Interpretation of Dostoevsky’s Handwritten Text
Authors: Alekseeva Lyubov , Panyukova Tatiana
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the issues of textual interpretation of Dostoevsky’s handwritten text using the writer’s graphics as research materials. It presents the results of the analysis of Dostoevsky’s 1868–1869 workbook (“The Idiot”) and later entries. It became clear that without reference to handwritten sources, it is impossible to solve certain tasks that include the correction of research errors in reading Dostoevsky’s manuscripts and determination of the author’s original text. Methodologically significant conditions of textual work with autographs are a combination of linguistic (that is grammatical, spelling, punctuation) analysis of Dostoevsky’s drafts and the study of letter and non-letter graphics. Previously, researchers had to depend on isolated, accidentally discovered examples of similar spellings and, in general, on their accumulated experience of reading Dostoevsky’s handwriting. This method did not ensure the representativeness of the result, because there was no large-scale continuous sampling of each letter’s handwriting in different positions or summary tables or databases. Non-automated, “manual” analysis did not always allow to quickly find an unambiguous and reliably articulated solution. Today a graphics database on the “Archive of F. M. Dostoevsky” portal has become an important tool for the textual research of the writer’s manuscripts, which significantly increases work efficiency. This is a digital archive of images of the writer’s notebooks and their interpretation in authentic and modern language versions. Based on this archive, a replenishable “Library of graphic samples” is also being created. It contains samples of different types of the writer’s handwriting and nonverbal graphics (drawings, figures, author’s signs, editing marks). The electronic catalog of graphic samples allows to systematize the writing, find typical and atypical samples among them. This is an additional important criterion for the argumentation of certain research readings when interpreting Dostoevsky’s handwritten text. Technical tools have been developed specifically for the database, that is: marker fields that describe the individual parameters of each lexeme and allow conducting an advanced search in the “Library of Graphic Samples.” With its help, it is possible to quickly find all patterns of the same type for their further analysis. Thus, this resource will become an important tool in the complex graphic and linguotextological analysis of the writer’s handwritten material.
The Term Mῦθοϛ in 19th Century Russian Translations of Aristotle’s “Poetics”
Authors: Nilova Anna
Published: August 2024

Aristotle’s “Poetics” had a decisive influence on the subsequent development of European literary theory. Translation and interpretation of its thesaurus still remains one of the most difficult literary problems due to the depth and capacity of the terms and the complexity of the conceptual apparatus. The term μῦθοϛ was translated into Latin as fabula and in this translation entered the terminology of European literary criticism. However, such a translation does not fully convey the meaning of the term. In addition, the assignment of the meaning of an implausible narrative to the term “fabula”in Latin rhetoric, adopted by the medieval rhetorical tradition, completely distorts the Aristotelian understanding of not only myth, but also mimesis. Russian classicist poets adopted the European tradition of rendering the term μῦθοϛ as a plot, but 19th-century theorists and translators began to look for new equivalents to convey this term. N. F. Ostolopov uses the term “fable”, which turns out to be unsuccessful due to its ambiguity and the presence of an evaluative meaning. S. P. Shevyrev conveys μῦθοϛ as a myth and shows that such an interpretation adequately conveys the depth of the Aristotelian term. However, his experience was eagerly used by the translators of Poetics. B. I. Ordynsky in his translation uses the term “fiction,” which conveys the content of the term μῦθοϛ more adequately than fabula, but does not take into account all the shades of its meaning. V. I. Zakharov renders the term μῦθοϛ as plot and myth, but their use in translation is not regulated. V. G. Appelrot, like V. I. Zakharov, uses two terms to convey Aristotle’s term — myth and plot, but Appelrot’s use of them is more consistent. In cases where Aristotle talks about myth as a common cultural property, Appelroth uses the term “myth,” and in those cases when Aristotle talks about the individual author’s interpretation of a common cultural heritage or an original structural-narrative complex, he uses the term “fabula.” The research conducted by 19th-century theorists and translators demonstrated the complexity of Aristotle’s term and prepared discussions about conveying its meaning in the 20th century.
Christian Motifs and Images in the Short Story by V. G. Korolenko “In a Bad Society”
Authors: Zhilina Natalia , Kulakova Anastasya
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes Christian motifs and images, evangelical quotations and reminiscences that make up an important semantic layer of the work.In the center of the events is the fate of a six-year-old boy (the hero-narrator), who, after the death of his mother, experienced the “horror of loneliness” and is looking for a “soul mate.” It is established that such evangelical reminiscences as “separating sheep from goats” (Matthew 25:32), “helping others” (Matthew 25:33‒46), make it possible to identify the axiological coordinates of the inhabitants of the Ukrainian town where the protagonist’s family lives. It is shown that the behavior of the townspeople explicates such a phenomenon of religious life as Pharisaism, recalling the conversion of Christ to the Pharisees (Matthew 25:27‒28). The text includes an allusion to the biblical story of Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. 13:13) and parallels the situation to that in the small town in western Ukraine which exists only by virtue of three righteous people living there, one of whom is the narrator’s father. Also, the mention of the biblical prophet Jeremiah doesn’t seem accidental: he had to convert the people who had departed from the faith, knowing well that his calls to repentance would remain fruitless (Jer. 20:8). The events of the short story show that the boy’s personality is formed under the influence of beggars and vagabonds, as opposed to ordinary people who seek to observe the moral law. It has been determined that an important place in the plot structure is occupied by the good/evil, life/death and heart/stone oppositions, which outline the main differences in the characters’ ethical systems. According to the conclusions, in the imagined world of the short story, the inhabitants of Princetown, whose hearts have hardened, are the antithesis of the boy Vasya and his friends from the dungeon with merciful and sympathetic hearts. Their very existence seems to remind readers of the well-known words of the Savior: “…unless you turn and become like children, you will not enter the Kingdom of heaven” (Matthew 18:3).
Use of cattles with cervical tumors as an experimental model of oropharyngeal neuropathies in equines
Authors: Alberto da Silva Vasconcellos Luiz
Published: August 2024

In order to better understand the pathophysiology of diseases of the oropharynx in horses, endoscopy was performed in the oropharyngeal region of dairy and meat producing cattle, with the presence of tumors in the eyes, infra-auricular region or both regions (experimental model), analyzing what these tumors could cause in the innervation of their oropharynx and problems were observed in cattle very similar to those found in equine athletes such as epiglottic entrapment, collapse of the palatine arch, chondritis of the cuneiform recess, loss of palatal tone, but without respiratory symptoms, which we conclude that this model deserves more attention and can help us understand the nervous segments involved as well as the anatomical structures affected.
Preliminary treatment of landfill leachate by hydrodynamic cavitation supported by Fenton process
Authors: Dursun Mehtap , Keskinler Bülent , Bektaş Nihal , Yıldız Ergün
Published: August 2024

Hydrodynamic cavitation as an effective and environmentally friendly method of treating wastewater. Massive amounts of energy may be released into the surrounding liquid during hydrodynamic cavitation, resulting in mechanical , chemical and thermal impacts. Bacteria and organic materials in sewage can be broken down by these circumstances. Furthermore, a coupling effect may be created by combining hydrodynamic cavitation with other water treatment techniques. In this study it is aim to investigate and improve the hydrodynamic cavitation (HDC) process supported by Fenton process for the pretreatment of landfill leachate. In the second phase of the study, the effectiveness of the hydrodynamic cavitation process was investigated in conjunction with the Fenton process. The parameters such as the number of cavitation events, pH, and temperature were evaluated. The effluent was characterized and monitored for COD measurements. The consequences of operational variables such H2O2, Fe+2 , and pH values were investigated to determine the optimal Fenton oxidation process parameters. The findings of the experiment showed that pH values were ideal for Fenton oxidation of 3.5-4.5, 30 mM H2O2, and 5 mM Fe+2. A combined treatment process of Fe+2+H2O2, HDC + Fenton, and Cavitation alone were conducted for the treatment of landfill leachate. The results showed that the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD) for the combined processes were 32.85%, 44.28%, and 7%, respectively. Temperature, pH, and the number of cavitation events were among the parameters that were assessed. The effluent was measured for COD and was characterized.
Evaluation of the feasibility of reusing polyurethane foam (PUF) cartridges for monitoring bioaerosols
Authors: Horta-Valerdi Guillermo Manuel , Crespo-Barrera Paula Montserrat , Navarro-Frómeta Amado Enrique
Published: August 2024

Bioaerosols are a fundamental component of particulate matter present in the air, and numerous sampling and detection techniques have been developed to study them. While the simultaneous determination of organics and microorganisms in particulate matter could offer advantages, this approach has not been well explored. Some techniques for analyzing organic compounds in particulate matter involving using a polyurethane foam (PUF) cartridge or disk which, depending on the analytic procedure, may need to be cleaned with chemicals that could compromise the growth or recovery of microorganisms if used for this purpose. This study aims to determine whether chemical pretreatment of PUF affect negatively the results of the sampling. Additionally, the potential for microorganism growth on previously used PUF was evaluated. After sterilization, the results demonstrated that microorganism growth is possible on both chemically treated and reused PUF. These findings suggest that reusing PUF could reduce costs and waste after sampling.
The men’s world cup in Qatar 2022 through the lens of the western media: soft power, sports diplomacy and sportswashing
Authors: Bettine Marco , Ozdemir Marina
Published: August 2024

The chapter examines Western journalistic discourses from the perspective of culture, political values, and international relations during the coverage of the 2022 World Cup in Qatar. We explore Soft Power, Sports Diplomacy, and Sportswashing concepts and analyze the discourses through a historical context about the Islamic and Arabic World, Qatari academics' perspectives, human rights issues, and international media placement. Considerations include the use of sports to position Qatar as an active player in development programs and to present positive facts to improve geopolitics in the region.
Diplomasi Program Bipa (Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing) melalui Kuliner Tradisional: Sebuah Studi Kasus di Universitas Ezzitouna, Tunisia
Authors: Widianto Eko , Rahmania Sofi Aulia
Published: August 2024

Indonesian for Speakers of Other Languages (BIPA) has a diplomacy purpose. A cultural diplomacy is one of the main purposes in BIPA Program. This study was aimed to describe an Indonesian language and cultural diplomatic process in Tunisia, introduction of Indonesian for Speakers of Other Languages to the student by culinary, and introduction of Lumpia, Pukis, and Risoles to promote BIPA class in University of Ezzitouna, Tunisia. The data were collected via study case method. A researcher took a part in the even to collect and analyze the research data. A diplomatic mission to introduce language and culture of Indonesia could be showed by culinary. The culinary such as Lumpia, Pukis, and Risoles were popular in Indonesia. They also had a similar taste with Tunisian culinary. This way became one of the BIPA’s support to promote an Indonesian culture. A student in University of Ezzitouna interested to join BIPA class after trying to taste the culinary. Therefore, culinary had a good implication to support diplomatic mission to open BIPA class in the University of Ezzitouna, Tunisia.
Keberpihakan Media Massa pada Judul Pemberitaan Kasus Penembakan Anggota FPI di Tol Jakarta-Cikampek Indonesia
Authors: Bagus Triadi Rai , Nurjanah Neneng
Published: August 2024

As a means of social control, the mass media needs to accurately describe an event to show its independence and credibility. Including, during the shooting incident of an FPI member on the Jakarta-Cikampek toll road, Indonesia in 2020. This event is not only of public concern, but also of language researchers to see how the mass media takes sides. By utilizing qualitative methods and critical discourse analysis initiated by Norman Fairclough, this study focuses on the analysis of the news headlines on the shooting of FPI members on the Jakarta Cikampek Toll Road. Based on the results of the analysis on news text production practices which are realized through titles, it appears that there is a partiality towards one of the parties. Apart from that, in the production of texts, there is also a motivation in the production of texts, namely efforts to create a positive image of certain parties.
Detecting Malicious Activity in Open-Source Projects Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Rakovsky Stanislav Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2024

The Python Package Index (PyPI) serves as the primary repository for projects for the Python programming language, and the package manager pip uses it by default. PyPI is a free and open-source platform: anyone can register a user on PyPI and publish their project, as well as examine the source code if necessary. The platform does not vet projects published by users, allowing for the possibility to report a malicious project via e-mail. Nonetheless, every less than month analysts repeatedly discover new malicious packages on PyPI. Organizations working in the field of open repository security vigilantly monitor emerging projects. Unfortunately, this is not enough: some malicious projects are detected and removed only several months after publication. This paper proposes an automatic feature selection algorithm based on bigrams and code properties, and trains an ET classifier capable of reliably identifying certain types of malicious logic in code. Malicious code repositories MalRegistry and DataDog were used as the training sample. After training, the model was tested on the three latest releases of all existing projects on PyPI, and it succeeded in detecting 28 previously undiscovered malicious projects, the oldest of which had been around for almost one and a half years. The approach used in this work also allows for real-time scanning of published projects, which can be utilized for prompt detection of malicious activity. In this work, the additional focus lays on methos that do not require an expert for feature selection and control, thereby reducing the burden on human resources.
Recovering Text Layer from PDF Documents with Complex Background
Authors: Zagorodnikov Mikhail Viktorovich , Mikhaylov Andrey Anatolevich
Published: August 2024

The article considers PDF as a tool for storing and transferring documents. Special attention is paid to the problem of converting data from PDF back to its original format. The relevance of the study is due to the widespread use of PDF in electronic document management of modern organizations. However, despite the convenience of using PDF, extracting information from such documents can be difficult due to the peculiarities of information storage in the format and the lack of effective tools for reverse conversion. The paper proposes a solution based on the analysis of the text information from the output stream of the PDF format. This allows automatic recognition of text in PDF documents, even if they contain non-standard fonts, complex backgrounds, or damaged encoding. The research is of interest to specialists in the field of electronic document management, as well as software developers involved in creating tools for working with PDF.
Social Ecologies in Court
Authors: Martin Matthew
Published: August 2024

Rather than explore personal identity from the perspective of Western philosophical traditions—which tend to regard ‘persons’ as human individuals endowed with reason, as the likes of Aristotle and John Locke would have it—this article will introduce personhood as a state of being that is, at once, variegated, culturally constructed, and notably interspecies. By drawing on three ethnographic case studies (North India, Papua New Guinea, and the Amazon), it will outline some of the ways in which ‘persons’ are shaped and reshaped through shared meaningful interactions with(in) their natural environments, hence understood differently from one culture to another. In doing so, it will show how anthropology’s distinct way of accounting for and championing cultural heterogeneity (i.e., through ‘intercultural-glocal glasses’) can bolster religious studies, for as much as the former challenges Eurocentric assumptions that have beset the latter, usually expressed as dyadic categories (e.g., human- and other-than-human entities). I propose that this cross-disciplinary dialogue—seeking to heed pluri-ontological deixis, or bringing multiple voices and life-worlds to the deliberating table—is a timely methodological move for diversifying beyond the apodictic propositions held about personhood, not only in religious studies, but also in legislative frameworks more widely.
Visit Rates for Adolescents and Adults with Mental Health, Substance Use, and Both Disorders at Health Centers, by Age: United States 2022.
Authors: Loredana Santo , Lello Guluma , Ashman Jill
Published: August 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Work Conditions and Family Food Insecurity Among Adults Ages 18-64: United States, 2021
Authors: Laryssa Mykyta , Weeks Julie
Published: August 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Suicide Mortality in the United States, 2002–2022
Authors: Garnett Matthew , Curtin Sally
Published: August 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Using social media for teaching English during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from Indonesia
Authors: Salim Herli , Daud Afrianto , Hanif Muhammad
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 outbreak has changed pedagogical choices in the teaching of English. Social media has become one of the alternatives in mediating and assisting virtual teaching and learning. With the study reported on here we aimed to investigate the use of social media in the teaching of English during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesian schools. In this exploratory study we employed a 40-item questionnaire focusing on the types of social media used, skills taught, problems encountered, and how these were managed. The respondents were 158 English teachers from 34 provinces in Indonesia. The data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively to generate interactive and comprehensive data. From the study it became clear that the most frequently used social media platforms in Indonesia were WhatsApp, YouTube, and Instagram. The combination of social media was found to be a suitable platform to employ for acquiring all English skills. Reasons for the use of social media range from practicality to teachers’ familiarity. Teachers’ teaching experience tended to influence the reasons why social media were used. The results of our study reveal that the internet networks, learners’ readiness as well as parents’ support were challenges encountered by learners. To solve these problems, teachers implemented some alternative social media platforms and communicated with parents to enhance English teaching during the pandemic.
“It is okay to be different” – Anti-bias practices of early childhood teachers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfayez Shatha Abdullah , Allehyani Sabha Hakim
Published: August 2024

Early education helping young children manage prejudiced attitudes towards themselves and others is urgent. Early childhood (EC) teachers in Saudi Arabia are making significant changes by applying an anti-bias approach to deal with such issues with young children. In the study reported on here we used a quantitative approach to explore anti-bias education, including an analysis of approaches to the cultural environment, which includes teaching practices and associated learning resources. Many teachers (n = 142) in the cities of Jeddah and Riyadh in Saudi Arabia contributed to this study by completing a questionnaire. Teachers’ classroom practices, such as role-play, pictures, books, toys, and materials in teaching children the concept of anti-bias, were deeply explored. The results of the study show that the greater the previous experience of teachers in teaching children from a culture different from their own, the greater the application of the concept of anti-bias in creating the classroom environment. There is a need for further studies on the extent to which anti-bias education is being implemented on a larger scale in primary schools in Saudi Arabia.
Innowacyjność obywatelskiej inicjatywy ustawodawczej w Finlandii
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Uziębło Piotr
Published: August 2024

Finland was relatively late in introducing the institution of the citizens’ legislative initiative into its legal order, only in 2012. However, it can be said that the solutions adopted, both constitutional and statutory, differ to some extent from typical regulations. There are both formulated and unformulated initiatives, and the choice of the form of initiative depends on the initiators. Moreover, the digitisation of the initiative submission process is noteworthy. Particularly noteworthy is the creation of a generator of such initiatives. It has translated into a significant interest of citizens in this form of initiating the legislative process. However, this does not change the fact that the success rate of such initiatives is not particularly high. This concerns both the successful collection of signatures of support and the eventual subsequent acceptance of the citizens’ proposal by the Finnish parliament.
Problemy z granicami jurysdykcji Trybunału Konstytucyjnego nad traktatami unijnymi. Uwagi na marginesie sprawy sygn. akt K 3/21
Authors:   Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego, Ziółkowski Michał
Published: August 2024

The article begins with an examination of the doctrinal debate surrounding the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal, which declared certain provisions of the Treaty on European Union to be unconstitutional. The Tribunal took over a year to provide written justification, covering crucial topics in constituional law and the EU law such as primacy, subsidiarity, and constitutional identity. One of the notable changes was the Tribunal’s new approach to jurisdiction over the Treaties. The article, which has a doctrinal and interpretive nature, discusses and critiques the Tribunal’s arguments. The author believes that the question is not whether the Tribunal has the power to review the treaties, but what the constitutional limits of this power are. The article offers suggestions on how to limit the Tribunal’s jurisdiction.
Implikacje decyzji Sądu Najwyższego Stanów Zjednoczonych w sprawie Rucho p. Common Cause
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Machnik Iga
Published: August 2024

Democratic systems entail the need to respect the fundamental principle of equality, especially in the context of electoral laws. However, in the United States of America, a country perceived as the archetype of liberal democracy, this principle does not seem to be fully respected. Gerrymandering, which involves manipulation of the electoral district lines for political gain, has a negative impact on the quality of American democracy. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Rucho v. Common Cause that claims challenging electoral maps as favoring one political party are nonjusticiable as they pose political question, thus being beyond the jurisdiction of the federal courts. This article seeks to demonstrate the threats that the decision reached in Rucho v. Common Cause poses to US electoral processes. The analysis is carried out through a characterization of the gerrymandering and the reasoning applied by the Supreme Court Justices.
Wątpliwości wokół ustawy budżetowej w Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na przykładzie wybranych zagadnień
Authors:   Uniwersytet Radomski im. Kazimierza Pułaskiego, Kobylski Piotr , Kosztowniak Andrzej ,   Uniwersytet Radomski im. Kazimierza Pułaskiego
Published: August 2024

This article is another voice in the discussion on the limits of the interpretation of legal provisions, based on the example of doubts that have recently arisen around the budget act in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. This is an important issue because it concerns the basis of the state’s financial management in the budget year. The study raises the issue of the uncertainty of the legal situation of public authorities in the context of creative interpretation of law, which allows for crossing the boundaries of linguistic interpretation. In this respect, the authors will focus on two selected issues – the problem of discontinuing the draft budget act and the consequences of the President of the Republic of Poland referring the budget act to the Constitutional Tribunal. The main thesis of the work is related to the assessment of the rationality of all actions of state authorities.
Struktura syntaktyczno-chronologiczna artykułu 5 Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej a niepodległość państwa w relacji z innymi wartościami tego przepisu
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Stelmach Andrzej , Chrobak Piotr ,   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Kurek Adam ,   Polska Akademia Nauk
Published: August 2024

The subject of consideration is the logical analysis of Art. 5 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, which, with its scope of norms, covers the fundamental obligations of the State. The political-legal approach to this issue includes a reflection on whether the syntactic-chronological structure of Art. 5 states that the independence of the state is more important than the security of individuals/citizens, because by maintaining independence the state can ensure the security of the individual. The article uses the sentence analysis methods of formal logic, formal-dogmatic, systemic and institutional-legal analysis. The analysis shows that, from a logical point of view, the overriding values are independence and the associated inviolability of territory, from which the possibility of the state’s existence is derived. All other values are subordinate to the independence of the state, because without it they do not exist.
Przesłanka zubożenia w nadpłacie podatku a wykładnia prokonstytucyjna – refleksje na tle uchwały Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego, sygn. akt I GPS 1/11
Authors:   Uniwersytet SWPS, Skwirowska Justyna
Published: August 2024

This article undertakes an analysis of the correctness of the pro-constitutional interpretation presented in the resolution of the Supreme Administrative Court of June 22, 2011, file ref. no. I GPS 1/11. In the resolution in question, the Supreme Administrative Court, citing constitutional norms, came to the conviction that the right to a tax overpayment is limited by the premise of the taxpayer’s impoverishment. The considerations made therein were met with much criticism from representatives of the literature. And for many years there was also a dispute over the scope of being bound by it, which indirectly may also indicate the negative attitude of the judicature as to the interpretation contained therein. Within the scope of the article, I will express my position as to the correctness of this type of interpretation provided by the Supreme Administrative Court.
Wykluczenie cyfrowe a realizacja prawa do sądu na przykładzie elektronicznego postępowania upominawczego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Michalik Paweł
Published: August 2024

In this study, the author, using the doctrinal legal method and, additionally, the historical method, conducts an analysis of the regulations and principles contained in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and in the ratified international agreements, as well as in the civil procedural law. The paper highlights how digital exclusion can limit the realization of the right to a court, illustrating this with examples from civil cases resolved in electronic writ proceedings. Furthermore, the author, employing the analytical method, presents and explains the concepts of “digital competence” and “digital exclusion”, and describes the nature of this problem in Polish society. The considerations also include a discussion of the benefits derived from the use of electronic writ proceedings by entities seeking legal protection, benefits which cannot be accessed by digitally excluded individuals.
Zakres autonomii regulacyjnej publicznych szkół wyższych w przedmiocie wyborów członków kolegium elektorów
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Salamonowicz Marek
Published: August 2024

The article analyses the scope of regulatory autonomy of public universities in the subject of organization and conduct of elections of members of the electoral college. The dogmatic- legal analysis covers primarily the statutory framework contained in the provisions of the Act on Higher Education and Science and election regulations of selected public universities. The following issues were considered: the forms of regulation of the election of the members of the college of electors, the active and passive electoral right in the election of electors, the distribution of electoral mandates and the composition of the college of electors, the principles of voting. It was found that universities use varied methods for the distribution of electoral seats, with a variable number of seats in proportion to the number of eligible voters being optimal. Restrictions on passive electoral rights that are implemented under regulatory autonomy in some universities were identified.
Instructors’ Beliefs About ESP Assessment: A Case Study
Authors: Başara Sinem , Gungor Muzeyyen Nazli
Published: August 2024

With the world's increasing globalization, English has become the most widely used language for communication, and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) has begun to receive more attention in the twenty-first century due to the effects of globalization and an increase in the need for skilled workers. English for Specific Purposes is a specialized branch of English language learning that focuses on teaching English in particular fields. The assessment process must be customized to the unique characteristics of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), and teacher beliefs can significantly impact on how students are taught and assessed in this subject. Previous research has concentrated on ESP course design and needs assessment in the field. However, teachers' beliefs regarding ESP assessment have not received enough attention. As a result, the study's goal is to investigate the instructors' beliefs regarding ESP assessment in higher education. Three English instructors in a state university’s College of Foreign Languages serve as a sample for this qualitative case study. Semi-structured interviews and seven weeks of reflective journaling were used to gather the data. According to the results, participants believe that ESP assessment has specificity, and it is valuable and accountable. It is also believed that ESP assessment lacks students’ motivation and requires adaptation. The school policy, student motivation, and teacher performance in ESP assessment have influenced these beliefs. To conclude, teacher participation and education are necessary for ESP assessment.
Görsel Sanat Çalışmalarına Eğitsel Oyunların Katkısı
Authors: Kalfa Tuğçe , Yılmaz Meliha
Published: August 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, eğitsel oyunların ilköğretim 3. sınıf öğrencilerinin görsel sanat çalışmalarına katkısı olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, araştırma kapsamında geliştirilen üç eğitsel oyun ve sonrasında gerçekleştirilen görsel sanat çalışmalarına yönelik uzman görüşlerinin, araştırmacı gözlemlerinin ve öğrenci görüşlerinin neler olduğu her üç oyun açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma, yazarlar tarafından geliştirilen üç eğitsel oyun, 2022-2023 eğitim - öğretim yılı ve Ankara’da özel bir kurumda okuyan 3. sınıf öğrencileriyle sınırlandırılmıştır. Oyunlardan birincisi “Harflerden Öyküye-Öyküden Resme”, ikincisi “Torbamdaki Kelimeler”, üçüncüsü ise “Bil Bakalım” ismi verilen oyunlardır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden örnek olay yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplamada, Yılmaz ve İnceağaç (2017) tarafından geliştirilen ölçek, bir madde ilave edilerek kullanılmıştır. Diğer veri toplama araçları ise, uygulamaya katılan öğrencilere uygulanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ve araştırmacı tarafından gerçekleştirilen yapılandırılmamış gözlem tekniğidir. Uzman Görüşlerine İlişkin sonuçlara bakıldığında en fazla sayıda kriterde başarı sağlayan oyun sırasıyla ‘‘Torbamdaki Kelimeler’’, “Bil Bakalım” ve “Harflerden Öyküye-Öyküden Resme” oyunu olmuştur. Dereceli puanlama anahtarındaki kriterlerin her birinde, sınıf ortalaması üç oyunda da orta düzeyin üzerindedir. Öğrenci görüşmelerine dayalı sonuçlara göre ise en çok ilgi duydukları oyun görsel algının geliştirilmesine yönelik olan ‘‘Bil Bakalım’’ oyunu olmasına karşın, uzman değerlendirmelerine göre, ‘‘Torbamdaki Kelimeler’’ oyununun ardından yapılan resimler, fark anlamlı olmamakla birlikte daha başarılı çıkmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, oyunların içeriği ile resimlerdeki görsel ifade başarısı arasında pozitif bir bağ olduğu görülmüştür.
Study on the mechanism of liver cancer immune escape mediated by MINDY1 through regulation of PD-L1 ubiquitination level
Authors: Song Xingchao , Li Wenjin , Tian Chunyan , Ma Xiao , Yang Weibin , Zhou Jiahua
Published: August 2024

The novel deubiquitinase enzyme, motif interacting with ubiquitin-containing novel DUB family-1 (MINDY1), is highly expressed in liver cancer tissues and plays a crucial role in maintaining the stemness of liver cancer cells. Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is an immunosuppressive molecule overexpressed by tumour cells. The potential role of MINDY1 in inhibiting the stemness of liver cancer cells by deubiquitinating PD-L1 has not yet been reported. To investigate the mechanism by which MINDY1 mediates immune escape in liver cancer through the regulation of PD-L1 ubiquitination, we examined the expression levels of MINDY1 and PD-L1 in liver cancer and adjacent tissues from 50 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients using protein imprinting and immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the relationship between the expression levels of MINDY1 and PD-L1 in liver cancer tissues and their correlation with the 5-year tumor-free survival rates of patients. Subsequently, MINDY1 expression was knocked down in Huh7 cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference or upregulated through transfection with a MINDY1 overexpression plasmid. The effects of MINDY1 knockdown or overexpression on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of HCC cells, as well as the regulation of PD-L1 binding and ubiquitination, were assessed. The 5-year tumor-free survival rates were significantly lower in both the high MINDY1 expression group and the high PD-L1 expression group (χ2 = 4.919 and 13.158, respectively). A significant difference in survival was observed between the high and low MINDY1 expression groups (χ2= 27.415). MINDY1 was found to directly interact with PD-L1, with MINDY1 gene knockdown promoting PD-L1 ubiquitination and MINDY1 overexpression inhibiting PD-L1 ubiquitination. All comparisons yielded statistically significant results (P < 0.05). In conclusion, MINDY1 inhibits the malignant progression of liver cancer by inhibiting PD-L1 ubiquitination and mediating immune escape.
A LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS E A TUTELA DAS RELAÇÕES DE TRABALHO GERIDAS POR ALGORITMOS: A APLICABILIDADE DA LEI GERAL EM FAVOR DA BOA-FÉ CONTRATUAL E DA PROTEÇÃO CONTRA A DISCRIMINAÇÃO ALGORÍTMICA
Authors: Ferreira Alan Yuri Gomes
Published: August 2024

O uso do algoritmo redesenhou as relações de trabalho e algumas atividades econômicas, trazendo consigo alguns problemas decorrentes do uso da chamada inteligência artificial na direção e gestão da mão-de-obra e da oferta de serviços. Objetivo: o presente artigo pretende demonstrar o funcionamento do algoritmo e da inteligência artificial na seara das relações de trabalho, tanto em relação ao modelo econômico do uberismo quanto a modelos de monitoramento e gestão automatizada de empregados, para, então, apresentar alguns dos problemas a serem enfrentados pela sociedade e apresentar opção legal para mitigá-los. Metodologia: o trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa doutrinária, legislativa, dados obtidos de fontes oficiais através da internet e matérias jornalísticas que retratam alguns dos problemas já enfrentados pela sociedade. Conclusões:  debate-se e conclui-se pela identificação de regra jurídica e princípios instituídos nos artigos 6º e 20 da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados que, à míngua de uma lei específica que regulamente o trabalho algoritmizado, poderá ser utilizada em prol da boa-fé contratual e atenuar alguns dos problemas destacadas desta nova relação de trabalho tais como a discriminação algorítmica.
INVESTIGAÇÃO DO EFEITO DAS CORRENTES DE SOLDAGEM DE 125 E 175 AMPERES, NA MICROESTRUTURA DE UM AÇO DE BAIXO TEOR DE CARBONO SOLDADO POR ELETRODO REVESTIDO
Authors: Leite Yury Yashyn Fonseca Lopes , Melo Igor Alves de , Braga Dnilson Silva , Costa Deibson Silva da , Nascimento Luiz Gabriel da Silva
Published: August 2024

A soldagem desempenha um papel crucial na vida moderna e tecnológica, sendo essencial na fabricação e manutenção de equipamentos desde o advento do arco elétrico no final do século XIX. Este estudo apresenta análises de cordões soldados usando o processo de soldagem a arco elétrico com eletrodo E6013, variando os parâmetros de corrente em 125 e 175 ampères em um aço de baixo teor de carbono como metal base. Foram realizadas análises microestruturais dos cordões soldados, focando na influência dos parâmetros nas zonas de soldagem e penetração do cordão. Utilizando microscopia ótica, mediu-se a profundidade do cordão e o tamanho dos grãos para determinar a influência dos parâmetros no tamanho de grão “G”, bem como a média e concentração de grãos por área. Os resultados mostraram dois tipos de grãos contidos na ZTA (zona termicamente afetada), grãos grosseiros junto a poça de fusão e grãos refinados adjacentes a MB (material de base). Além disso, é possível observar, pelas medições da profundidade dos cordões, que o parâmetro de corrente influência na magnitude da penetração da poça de fusão. A frente de solidificação do cordão mostrou-se preferencial com crescimento epitaxial, tendo os grãos grosseiros alinhados à direção dos grãos colunares da poça de fusão. Por fim, observou-se que os grãos, tanto grosseiros quanto refinados da ZTA oriunda do parâmetro de 175 A, possuem maior tamanho de grão. Percebe-se a existência do microconstituinte bainita, que é gerada pela condição do resfriamento imposto a estrutura, foram observados nos grãos da ZTA, uma microestrutura chamada bainita que possui formato de talas, devido ao tipo de resfriamento, que proporcionou a aparição deste microconstituinte.
A Novel Lightweight Encryption Choatic Scheme for IOT based Healthcare Systems
Authors: Praveen kumar J.
Published: August 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) exhibits a crucial position in enabling smarter devices and establishing new communication channels between humans and machines via the Internet. Smart gadgets are widely used across sectors such as healthcare, automation, smart homes, and other user-assisted applications. While sensor-driven devices have significantly enhanced daily life, many IoT infrastructures suffer from security vulnerabilities that compromise privacy. Recently, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) has emerged as a promising area of research for securing IoT healthcare devices. However, encrypted data remains a target for various IoT attacks, necessitating further improvements in security measures. Motivated by these security concerns, this study proposes a novel lightweight encryption scheme called Biscroll maps. This scheme integrates dynamic dual logistic maps based on chaos theory into a three-dimensional substitution box (S-Box) to enhance data confidentiality, availability, and integrity. The proposed scheme has applicability of  the DNA computing over the traditional S-Box operations such as permutations and shifting .  The implemented system operates within an IoT infrastructure designed for real-time data collection from diverse sources. Rigorous experimentation has assessed the effectiveness of the proposed methodologies, including security evaluations such as NIST and S-box tests. Additionally, the performance of these methodologies has been benchmarked against existing encryption schemes in terms of time and memory usage. Results from the experiments indicate that the newly introduced L-DAL-SBoX algorithm surpasses other existing algorithms, establishing itself as a robust solution for IoT security.
Trends and outcomes of thrombolytics in patients with STEMI
Authors: Pandey Mandvi , Sivakumar Nithila , Pujar Sanjay , Pitta Sridevi Reddy
Published: August 2024

Background: In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the gold standard, but the time/resource constraints can necessitate alternative approaches. This study aimed to analyze outcomes and predictors of in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients undergoing thrombolysis.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of national inpatient sample data (2016-2020) included adult patients admitted with STEMI. Using ICD-10 procedural codes, patients undergoing thrombolysis or PCI were identified. Elixhauser’s comorbidity index identified comorbidities, and univariate and multivariate analyses adjusted for confounders. The primary outcome was mortality rates in STEMI patients undergoing thrombolysis versus PCI. Secondary outcomes were factors influencing mortality rates and major complications associated with thrombolysis.
Results: Out of 819,979 patients diagnosed with STEMI, 0.2% (2349 patient’s) received thrombolysis as their primary treatment upon admission. The mortality rate among patients undergoing thrombolysis was 12.34% versus 4.09% with PCI. Additionally, a higher proportion of patients undergoing thrombolysis required left ventricular assist device (LVAD) (4.8% versus 0.89% in the PCI group), and the incidence of cardiogenic shock was significantly elevated in this cohort (10.8% versus 6.68% in the PCI group). Factors influencing in-hospital mortality among patients undergoing thrombolysis included age (with a 3% increase in mortality observed with each year of age), LVAD placement (patients with LVADs had 3.6 times higher odds of mortality compared to those without, with aOR 3.69, p=0.029, 95% CI 1.14-11.89), and the use of mechanical ventilation, which independently predicted mortality outcomes.
Conclusions: Thrombolysis in STEMI patients is a vital alternative to PCI. It is associated with higher mortality and complications compared to PCI. Age, LVAD placement, and mechanical ventilation independently predict mortality. Identifying these factors can help us improve the outcomes of thrombolysis. Further prospective research is warranted to optimize outcomes in thrombolysis for STEMI.
Sphlanchic nerve radiofrequency ablation for chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Karmakar Chandra Shekhar , Das Rajat Shuvra , Tusher Saiful Mahmud , Sultana Ayesha , Arin Kazi Mahzabin , Habibullah A. K. M. , Molla Atidh Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is defined as a progressive inflammatory response of the pancreas leading to irreversible changes in the parenchyma (fibrosis, loss of acini and islets of langerhans, and pancreatic stone formation) and pancreatic duct (stenosis and pancreatic stones).
Methods: This was a retrospective observational study and was conducted in Rushmono pain clinic at Rushmono Specialized Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2018 to January 2024. In our study, we included 50 hospitalized patients who had undergone splanchnic nerve RFA ablation for pain of chronic pancreatitis.
Result: We found the mean age was 32.8±9.3 years. Most of our patients were male (78%) compared to female (22%). Among our patients, 78% were smokers, 62% of patients consumed alcohol and 42% had a history of hypertension. All of our patients (100%) had bilateral RFSN.  At baseline, the mean VAS score was 9.84±1.02 and in 1st postoperative day, the mean VAS score was 4.14±1.03 with a significant p value (0.021). At the 12th month of follow-up, the mean VAS score slightly increased to the last follow-up and the difference was not significant. The majority (84%) of our patients had no complications.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that RFSN is likely a safe, minimally invasive way to manage pain in people with chronic pancreatitis. In the current study, our patients' mean VAS scores of pain levels significantly dropped after RFSN procedures.