bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of HA Hydrogel by Click Chemistry
Authors: Cui Yuan , Zhang Jing Peng , Zhang Wei , Duan Qian
Published: February 2015

"Click chemistry" was used in this paper to get a novel hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel by modified HA molecules' side chains with azide and alkynyl groups to perform "Click" reaction. The HA hydrogel can be achieved "in situ" injection gel. The properties of the HA hydrogel can be controlled by controlling the amount of alkynyl and azide groups on side chains to achieve controllable HA hydrogel by HA molecular design. The reactant, product and hydrogel were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR and morphology observation to determine the processes of reaction and can hydrogel formation.
Synthesis and Properties of Functionalized Sulfur-Containing Hexa-Peri-Hexabenzocoronene
Authors: Wang Ying , Wang Wen Guang , Cheng Rui , Pu Jia Ling
Published: February 2015

Synthesis and characterization of a novel hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivative attached with four alkyl swallow-tailed chains and two sulfur-containing chains are described. The designed peripheral decoration with dove tails as solubilizer and sulfur-containing groups as functionalizer is expected to improve the solubility of molecules, change the columnar spacing stacks and make for its orientation on matrix surface. Its UV−vis absorption spectra appeared in 350-400 nm region as same as typical that of this kind of compounds. The thermal properties as discotic liquid crystal and its orientation on matrix are being studied.
Application of the Nanostructured Carbon Coatings for Improvement of Functional Properties of Medical Polyurethanes
Authors: Belyaev Leonid , Zhdanov Aleksey V. , Morozov Valentin V.
Published: February 2015

Results of researches of structure and properties of the nanostructured carbon coatings deposited on a polyurethane substrate are presented in article. Possibility of application of the scanning probe microscope methods and sklerometry for quality control of the nanostructured carbon coatings is shown. The results of researches showing are given that the nanostructured carbon coatings deposited on polyurethane have high degree of adhesion to a substrate, reduce porosity of surface and increase its durability and wear resistance, increase elasticity and coefficient of elastic restoration at deformation.
Synthesis of Spherical and Fine Cobalt Powders from Cobalt Oxalate
Authors: Peng Shu Jing , Du Hui Ling , Wang Bing
Published: February 2015

Spherical and fine cobalt powders were prepared by thermal decomposition of cobalt oxalate precipitated in the presence of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF). The morphology and phase structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The aspect ratio was calculated by image tool software and the average size of cobalt particles was measured by laser particle size analyzer. The results indicate that both products prepared from cobalt oxalate with or without PEMF give rise to the formation of β-Co. The morphology of both products is similar to that of the precursors. The presence of PEMF plays an important role in formation of spherical and fine cobalt particles.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterizations of a Novel Open-Framework Lanthanide Imidazoledicarboxylate
Authors: Li Hui Duan
Published: February 2015

The construction, crystal structure and properties and potential application of metal imidazoledicarboxylate frameworks have currently attracted considerable attention. A novel open-framework Lanthanide imidazoledicarboxylate, [Tb (HpyimdC)(C2O4)0.5(H2O)]·(H2O)3 (compound 1), was constructed from 2-(pyridine-3-yl)-1H-4,5-imidazoledicarboxylate (H3PyImdc) and Oxalate coordinated with lanthanide under solvothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that compound 1 crystallized in the monoclinic space group C2/c (No. 15). Oxalate chelated with Tb to form a one-dimensional zigzag chain, H3pyimdc with selective nitrogen−oxygen chelating site, constructed these chains into metal organic frameworks featuring extra-large channels deposited by guest molecules. Further characterizations for compound 1 have been performed, including X-ray powder diffraction, IR Spectrum and elemental analysis. Synthesis, crystal structure and structural characterizations for 1 were reported in this paper.
Study on Pyrolysis Behavior of Polybenzoxazine by PyGC-MS
Authors: Lin Dan Li
Published: February 2015

Pyrolysis behavior of a new kind of polybenzoxazine with aldehyde groups was investigated by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (PyGC-MS) at the temperatures ranging from 450°C to 750°C. It was found from the pyrolysis chromatograms that the type and amount of its pyrolysates obviously change with pyrolysis temperature due to various pyrolysis behaviors at different temperatures. From the structures and relative contents of the pyrolysates, the pyrolysis mechanism of the polybenzoxazine was described as follows: the initial degradation reactions occurred mainly at the Cmethylene-N bond, followed by the Cphenyl-C methylene bonds.
Substituent Group Effete on the Geometric Configurations of the Acyclic Ruthenium Bipyridine Imidazole-Cyanide Anion Recognition Systems
Authors: Li Sui Qin , Liu Yan Zhi , Zhu Yuan Cheng , Lv Ling Ling
Published: February 2015

Substituent group effete; Cyanide anion; Anion recognition; Theoretical computationAbstract. In this paper, the cyanide anion recognition of the [Ru2(bpy)4(mbpibH2)]4+ (mbpibH2 is 1, 3-bis([1, 10]-phenanthroline-[5, 6-d]imidazol-2-yl)- benzene) functional molecular material host based on hydrogen bond weak interactions was discussed by using the quantum chemistry theory and method, the density function Becke, three-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr, DFT/B3LYP/6-31G*//SDD computational level, especially discussed the geometry structure of the recognition system. The results showed that the substituent group of Ru(bpy)2(mbpibH2) structure moieties have very important role in the recognition of the CN- anion. This study may be helpful for the further design and investigation the [Ru2(bpy)4(mbpibH2)]4+ (mbpibH2 is 1, 3-bis([1, 10]-phenanthroline-[5, 6-d]imidazol-2-yl)- benzene) involving functional molecular derivation receptors with excellent and selective anion recognition functions.
V10O28-6 Cluster Compound, a Promising Cathode Material for Li Ion Battery
Authors: Xie Ai Li , Wang Lian Bang , Chu You Qun , Ma Chun An
Published: February 2015

A novel cathode material, lithium and natrium decavanadate (Li2Na4V10O28) with three-dimensional tunnels framework structure for lithium ion battery, has been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and followed annealing treatment. The molecule structure and electrochemical properties of the samples have been further characterized. The novel material shows good reversibility for Li+ insertion/extraction and long cycle life. High discharge capacity (262 mAh/g) is obtained at 0.2mA/cm2 discharge current and potential range between 1.5~4.5V vs. Li+/Li. AC impedance for the Li/Li2Na4V10O28 cell reveals that the cathode process is controlled mainly by Li+ diffusionin the active material.
Thermal Oxidative Degradation Behavior of Fluorinated Thermotropic Liquid Crystal Copolyesters
Authors: Wei Peng , Huang Shuo Han , Wang Yan Ping , Wang Yi Min
Published: February 2015

In this study, the thermal oxidative degradation behavior of thermotropic liquid crystal copolyesters P-BPAFx containing 2.5-10 mol% bisphenol AF unit were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) technique under air atmosphere and the degradation activation energy (E) was obtained from Kissinger and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) method. The degradation behavior of copolyester are strongly dependent on the molar percentage of BPAF unit. Results showed that the E values obtained by the two methods increase first and then decrease slightly with increasing the BPAF unit and follow the order P-BPAF5.0< P-BPAF10<P-BPAF2.5, indicating P-BPAF2.5 has good thermal stability. The reason for this phenomenon was discussed in detail in the text.
Optimization of the Coagulation Process for Kaolin and Humic Acid Removal Using Polymeric Aluminum Ferric Sulfate
Authors: Jiang Zhen Zhen , Chen Yang , Zhu Jun Ren
Published: February 2015

In the paper, the optimization of the coagulation process for Kaolin and humic acid removal using polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate (PAFS) was studied. In order to obtain the maximum turbidity and humic acid removal efficiency of Kaolin and humic acid simulated wastewater, the optimum coagulation conditions was investigated with the factors of mixing speed and time. Furthermore, mixing speed and time including parameters affecting the coagulation performance such as rapid mixing speed, rapid mixing time, slow mixing speed and slow mixing time using single factor and orthogonal array L9 (34) analysis were examined. The results showed that the optimum single factor of mixing speed and time indicated rapid mixing speed of 350 rpm, rapid mixing time of 1.0 min, slow mixing speed of 60 rpm and slow mixing time of 20 min. Then the orthogonal optimization experiment of mixing speed and time indicated maximum HA removal efficiency was 97.5% at rapid mixing speed of 350 rpm, rapid mixing time of 1.25 min, slow mixing speed of 60 rpm, and slow mixing time of 20 min.
Mono-Component-Solution Controlled Growth of Microarc Oxidation Coatings on Aluminum Substrates
Authors: Fu Ming , Li Jun Ming , Cai Hui
Published: February 2015

The growth of microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings on aluminum substrates was controlled by different mono-component solutions, involving (NaPO3)6, Na3PO4, Na2SiO3 and Na2MoO4 aqueous electrolyte. The results show that (NaPO3)6 solution can accelerate the growth of MAO coating, revealed by the maximum coating thickness of 12.1 μm; and meanwhile, Na2SiO3 solution favors the doping of solute elements during MAO, suggested by 10.75 at.% Si in coating. Furthermore, the variety of mono-component solution also affects the porous structure of MAO coating. It is assumed that the property of coating/solution interface is influenced by solution variety, while the interfacial property determines the solidification of ceramic particles and the adsorption of solute anion during microarc discharge, thus realizing controlled growth of MAO coating.
Simple, Efficient, and Selective Synthesis of Phthaloylserine and Phthaloylthreonine
Authors: Liu Yu Ting , Song Si Meng , Yin Da Wei , Chen Dan
Published: February 2015

An amino protection method was developed in which phthalic anhydride was used as the amino protection group, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent, L-threonine and L-serine with hydroxyl groups in side chain as the protected amino acids.The structures of products were confirmed by IR、1H NMR and 13C NMR. It is an efficient and simple protection method of amino acids with a hydroxyl group in the side chain.In addition, the synthetic method avoids the side reaction and significantly improves reaction yields(over 90%).
Solvent-Free Green Synthesis of 4-amino-5-substituted-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione by Grinding
Authors: Liu Yu Ting , Song Si Meng , Yin Da Wei
Published: February 2015

A novel efficient method for the synthesis of 4-amino-5- substituted-1,2,4- triazole -3-thione was developed in which substituted aromatic/aliphatic acids with symmetrical dithiocarbohydrazones were used as starting materials and phosphorus pentachloride was used as catalyst.The structures of these products were confirmed by melting point determination, IR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. This is a novel and cost-effective synthetic method. In addition, the synthetic method avoids the use of organic solvents and significantly improves reaction yields.
Study on Different Synthesis Methods of Spherical YAG:Ce3+ Phosphor and its Luminescence Properties
Authors: Zhang Xia , Yan Cui Xia , Guan Rong Feng
Published: February 2015

Spherical YAG:Ce3+ phosphors were synthesized by three different routes namely sol-gel method, co-precipitation method and solvethermal method. The microstructure, crystallization and luminescent properties of the phosphors were studied in order to find the best processing parameter for spherical shape and good luminescence properties of YAG:Ce3+ phosphor. Adding citric acid to the precursor solution resulted in the formation of spherical particles in sol-gel method. YAG:Ce3+ phosphor made by co-precipitation method was separated with PEG2000, and its spherical particles of size was around 500nm. The hydro-thermal method could get perfect spherical appearance, but it needed heat treatment improve the luminescence property.
Ce-Doped ZnO Based Fast Response UV Photoconductive Detector
Authors: Zhang Hong Di , Sai Xiao Wei , Cheng Xiang Lin , Cheng Fang , Wang Ling , Long Yun-Ze , Liu Yi Chen
Published: February 2015

A metal-semiconductor-metal photoconductive detector was fabricated using Ce-doped ZnO nanofibers synthesized by electrospinning and calcinations. UV photocurrents were carried out to study optoelectronic properties of Ce-doped ZnO nanofibers. The current-voltage (I–V) characteristics of photodetector device were analyzed under different wavelength UV illumination. The photocurrent increased by about 300 times under UV illumination. Results showed that the photocurrent of the device increased with the decrease of the wavelengths. A maximum photocurrent and photo-responsivity was observed at 365 nm, 308 nm, 254nm, respectively, under 30 V bias. The response and recovery time of the nanofibers was 16 s and 16 s at 365 nm, 10 s and 12 s at 308nm, 4 s and3 s at 254nm under 30 V bias, respectively.
Nanomagnetic Particle Anchored to Monodispers Porous Microspheres for Pectinase Immobilization
Authors: Bi Shu Xian , Zhang Xiao Liang
Published: February 2015

The idea of preparing the surface of chitosan layer pre-absorbed on the monodispers porous microsphere via layer by layer approach receives special relevance in enzyme technology. Moreover, the colloidal stability is not impeded by the adsorbed proteins despite the fact that up to 390.2 mg of enzyme adsorbed per gram of the carrier particles. Maximum relative activity was observed at 50 °C and pH 3.5. The activity half lives for native and bound states of enzyme were found as 14.27 d and 31.05 d, respectively. These particles, premodified with the layer of magnetic nanoparticles to impart the magnetic property, were repeatedly used as catalysts following their rapid and easy separation.
Surfactant-Based Fluorescent Quantum Carbon Dots: Synthesis and Application
Authors: Štěpánková Sandra , Kozák Ondřej , Zboril Radek
Published: February 2015

In this work I present fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) prepared by facile and inexpensive synthesis by hydrothermal carbonization from cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). These CDs show tunable photoluminescence as well as long-term colloidal stability. Moreover, CDs exhibit high selectivity and sensitivity towards Fe3+ ions. Therefore a specific quantitative method is proposed for the determination of Fe3+ ions based on fluorescence quenching of CDs.
Receiving and Research of Diamond-Like PVD-Coating
Authors: Kononov Dmitry M. , Zhdanov Aleksey V. , Morozov Valentin V.
Published: February 2015

The article deals with producing diamondlike-PVD-coatings based on carbon: a-C and a-C:H and MeN/CNx. These types of coatings were prepared by magnetron sputtering materials in vacuum. The results of experimental studies of their mechanical and tribological properties and recommendations for use in industry
Quality Technological Properties of Foundry Exhaust Dust as Alternative Ceramic Coating Raw Materials
Authors: dalla Valentina Luiz Oliveira Veriano , Folgueras Marilena Valadares , Knop Wanessa Rejane , do Nascimento Maria Cristina Pacheco , Prates Glaucia Aparecida
Published: February 2015

The work evaluates the possibility of the use the exhauster powder generated in the foundry process in ceramic mass atomized semigre type. The raw materials used were semi-stoneware kind atomized powder used on the coating ceramic manufacturing and dust exhaust byproduct supplied by a foundry industry both from brazilian industries . Tests were conducted using a heating rate of 10o.C / min and oxidant and / or inert atmosphere. Specimens contained different amounts of byproduct to the extent of 30% by mass, in order to verify the maximum addition of byproduct and were used in order to analyze the technological properties evaluation (water absorption linear shrinkage, bulk density). at the temperature of 1100 ° C showed higher difference between the results obtained and 1200o C this difference decreased.
Investigation of the Elastic Modulus Effect on Free Vibration Characteristics of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Beams Made of Various Fundamental Shapes
Authors: Swamy L. Radha , Senthamaraikannan Chinnasamy , Ramesh Rajagopal
Published: February 2015

Woven fiber reinforced polymer composites plays major role in structural applications. Structures subjected to dynamic situations, this leads to increased attention in finding characteristic behaviour/performance of FRP composites beams under vibrating conditions. The objective of this work is to understand and investigate the influence of cross sectional shapes of beams on successive vibration resonance frequencies and its damping performance under cantilever end conditions. The beams were fabricated by hand lay-up method in two different modulus material and cross sections like I and channel; maintaining uniform cross sectional area and moment of inertia apart from length of the beams using woven carbon fibre. The investigation was performed by impulse frequency response method using standard test procedure on low modulus Glass/epoxy composite beams and compared with high modulus Carbon/epoxy beams. Frequency response curve of I and channel shaped beams were compared for their damping performance. The modal frequencies of all fabricated beams were obtained using MEScopeVES® software and modal resonant frequencies, loss factor were compared against shapes.
Evaluation of a Plastic Composite Produced with Residues of Sugarcane Bagasse and Polypropylene without Additives
Authors: Battistelle Rosane A.G. , Bezerra Barbara Stolte , Valarelli Ivaldo D. , Branco Luiz A. Melgaço N. , Chahud Eduardo , Christoforo André Luis , Rocco Lahr Francisco Antonio
Published: February 2015

In this research the aim was produce and evaluate a plastic composite using recycled polypropylene (PP) and fibers from sugarcane bagasse residues (SC), without the use of additives. This analysis was based on laboratorial tests for physical and mechanical characterization, according to the standards ASTM D256-00, D638-101 and D570-98 were analyzed: water absorption, thickness swelling, impact resistance, tensile strength and its correspondent deformation. For comparison it was elaborated three different compositions: 100% PP; 80% PP+20%SC; 70%PP+30%SC. The results indicate a positive correlation with the content of fiber and water absorption and thickness swelling. In the tension tests, the composites with fibers increase the value of resistance for physical efforts, bringing advantages as durability and integrity of the material, showing a viability of the composites.
Influence of Portland Cement Addition in the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin
Authors: Marques Francisco Augusto Zago , da Silva Carlos Eduardo G. , Christoforo André Luis , Rocco Lahr Francisco Antonio , Hallak Panzera Túlio , Canto Rodrigo B.
Published: February 2015

This research evaluated, with the of the analyses of variance (ANOVA), a composite material based on epoxy matrix phase reinforced with Portland cement (CP-II) particles (0%wt [100%wt of resin], 20%wt, 40%wt, 60%wt). The response-variable investigated were modulus of elasticity (E) and compressive strength (S), bulk density (ρB), apparent density (ρA) and porosity (P). The highest values of the modulus of elasticity were provided from the composites manufactured with 40wt% of cement addition. The inclusion of 60% of cement implies in a reduction in the mechanical properties when compared with the results of the composite manufactured with 40% of cement. For the physical properties, the gradually inclusion of cement provides increasing in the density of the composites, and reduce the porosity of the materials manufactured.
Effect of Noble Metal Nanoparticles in SERRS Measurements of Water-Soluble Porphyrins
Authors: Andrýsková Pavlína , Šišková Karolína Machalová , Fargašová Ariana , Zboril Radek
Published: February 2015

Use of the noble metal nanoparticles in the surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) is a significant part the measurement. These nanoparticles are often used for SERRS measurements of silver nanoparticles prepared by reduction methods. From the literature it is obvious that the most popular methods of preparation of Ag nanoparticles are procedures which are using the chemical reduction and/or laser ablation. In this paper we discuss the comparison of SERRS spectra of water-soluble porphyrins (TTMAPP and TMPyP) in systems with Ag nanoparticles prepared by chemical reduction with sodium borohydride, sodium citrate and glucose. The comparison of different systems gives insight into the option of suitableility of using of nanoparticles with various surface ions in the production of different spectral forms of chosen porphyrins in dependence on their structures.
Study on the Modification of Waterborne Polyurethane by Tung Oil Anhydride-Ester Polyol
Authors: Zhou Jin Hua , Yang Jing , Ma Wen Jie , Li Ni , Sun Han Zhou
Published: February 2015

Waterborne polyurethane (WPU) emulsions were prepared with Tung oil anhydride-ester polyol (TOAEP) as modifier via the acetone process. The structure, morphology, emulsion particle size, thermal property and mechanical property of the Modified WPU were investigated by FT-IR, SEM, Laser particle size analysis, TG and tensile test, respectively. The experimental results show that the modified WPU emulsion particle size increases along with the growth of weight content of TOAEP. Compared with the unmodified WPU emulsion film, water and toluene absorption of the modified WPU emulsion film have decreased significantly, indicating that water and solvent resistance are remarkably improved after the modification. Tensile test shows that the tensile strength of the modified WPU emulsion film increases with the content of TOAEP while the reverse is true for the elongation at break. The characteristic thermo-decomposition temperatures of WPU have been increased notably after modification by the introduction of TOAEP which indicates that the heat resistance has been improved after modification. Morphology analysis shows that the soft segment phase and hard segment phase in the WPU are more compatible after modification.
In Situ TEM Manipulation and Property Study of Cd2Ge2O3 Nanowires
Authors: Liu Qian , Hu Jun Qing
Published: February 2015

Cd2Ge2O6 nanowires have been synthesized via a simple and facile hydrothermal route using GeO2 and CdO as the source materials with the surfactant. The structure and morphology of the Cd2Ge2O6 nanowires were fully analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and HRTEM. With a focused electron beam irradiation, the Cd2Ge2O6 nanowire became unstable and tended to heavily destroyed under a long time irradiation. Using the TEM-STM holder, electrical properties of an individual Cd2Ge2O6 nanowire has been measured and the obtained I-V curve demonstrated the semiconductor property.
Effect of Nanocrystallized Hydroxyapatite Coating on Bone Healing Evaluated by Synchrotron Radiation Diffraction
Authors: Benmarouane Abdelilah , Citterio Helene , Millet Pierre , Buslaps Thomas , Lodini Alain , Honkimäki Veijo
Published: February 2015

The properties of the interface between biomaterials and the host tissue play an important role for the process of successful adaptation of implants. Extensive research has focused on shortening the time of osseointegration by modifying the surface in adding a coating such as hydroxyapatite (HAp). We have developed a new type of biocompatible nanohydroxyapatite (n-HAp) coatings, which are characterized before and after deposit on a Ti-6Al-4V substrate using neutron diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Three months after the implantation in the sheep tibias, high-energy synchrotron radiation (ID15B, ESRF, Grenoble, France) diffraction studies of the cortical bone identify that the c-axes of HAp are preferentially oriented in the direction of the stresses that bone usually withstands. This non destructive analysis of the bone-implant interface proves that bone maturation is achieved successfully with this novel n-HAp coating and demonstrates that the mineralization is completed without spatial organization. None of these findings are obtained with uncoated titanium alloys. The presence of this n-HAp coating on Ti-6Al-4V substrate is decisive in obtaining this mature bone at the interface.
Effect of Bone Composition on the Fracture Toughness of Cortical Bone
Authors: Wu Chuan Shao , Chiang Fu Tsai , Hung Jui Pin
Published: February 2015

This study was aimed at investigating the effect of the bone compositions on the fracture toughness of bovine cortical bone. A series of the SENB bovine cortical bone specimens were tested to assess the fracture toughness. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was applied to determine the mineral content of each bovine cortical specimen and hence the porosity and bone mineral fraction were measured. Current results indicate that the mean value fracture toughness is 9.37 MNm3/2. Moreover, the fracture toughness was found to be significantly correlated with the apparent wet bone density and porosity of bone structure. No apparent correlations are found among clinical BMD and mechanical properties, implying that the BMD is an invalid indicator of the bone properties. Additionally, the tested data were fitted to the relationship, based on power law model, that the fracture toughness increase as a power (1.526) of increasing volume fraction and as a power of increasing bone mineral fraction (0.8195). These data indicate that small changes in the amount or density of compact bone tissue exert a more pronounced influence on fracture property.
Color Stability of Heat-Cured Denture Base Resins
Authors: Huang Hua Li , Feng Dan , Gong Hai Huan , Song Ai Yang , Zhu Song
Published: February 2015

Heat-cured denture base resin is an important component in removable partial dentures and complete dentures, and has been widely used in the clinic. However, during long-term use, its appearance may be affected by varying degrees of color change, affecting the appearance and longevity of the dentures. In this study we examined the color changes and water absorption and solubility of dental base resins to investigate the color stability of four types of resin materials: New Century, Heraeus, Nissin and BASIS-HI. They were soaked in artificial saliva (as control), red wine, cola, coffee and tea separately at 37°C for 1, 4 or 12 weeks. Results are presented on which the color changes of dental base resin materials were associated with different denture base resins, soak solutions and storage times. We found that most of the dental resins became darker at prolonged immersion time. Heraeus resins showed more significant changes after soaking in red wine for 12 weeks, and its water absorption and solubility values were also greater than those of the other three types of resins. The color changes of New Century, Nissin and BASIS-HI soaked in the four solutions were relatively stable. The information obtained here will help optimize maintenance of dentures and also inform choice of denture materials.
Study of Combustion of Different Biomass and its Atmospheric Emissions
Authors: Cieslinski Juliana Esteves Fernandes , Costa Maria Angélica Martins , Carvalho João Andrade , Amaral Simone Simões
Published: February 2015

One of the energy alternatives that provide utility, flexibility, cleanliness and economy is biomass, such as forest waste (wood) and agricultural (sugarcane bagasse, rice husks, coffee pods, etc.). However, with its increasing supply and use grows also the concern of industries to invest in monitoring and control of emissions into the atmosphere, because during biomass burning are emitted as exhaust gases, fine particles known as particulates, which greatly contribute to the triggering of serious health problems to humans, in addition to the environmental damage. With that, this work aimed to conduct a monitoring of particulate and gaseous pollutants emissions to the atmosphere from the burning of various types of biomass used by industries. The equipment used for sampling were the optical monitor DataRAM 4 and the Unigas3000 + gas sampler. The results showed that biomass coffee pods presented the greatest concentration of particulates (485119 μg m-3) with particle diameters between 0.0602 μm and 0.3502 μm, i.e. the most ultrafine particles, harmful to human health and the environment. The largest emissions of CO and NOx were observed, respectively, for the coffee pods (3500 ppm) and for the rice husk (48 ppm). As for the superior calorific value (PCS), the best of fuel, with higher PCS, was the Eucalyptus grandis.
The Evaluation of the Concentration of Benzo[a]Pyrene in the Air of Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech Republic) during Winter and Summer Seasons
Authors: Sykorova Barbora , Kucbel Marek , Raclavska Helena , Raclavsky Konstantin
Published: February 2015

The concentration of benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) was monitored at 40 selected sites of the Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech Republic) during winter and summer seasons. The concentrations of BaP were higher at all locations during winter than in the summer with a difference in values in the range of 0.66 to 47.08. The average concentration of BaP in the winter season was 14.67 ng/m3, whereas during the summer season this value reached 0.55 ng/m3. The highest average concentrations of BaP during winter and summer seasons in the values of 21.88 ng/m3 and 1.12 ng/m3, respectively were observed in the areas with predominant industrial activity. Conversely, the lowest concentration for both monitored periods were measured at the mountain and background sites and their values were 4.43 ng/m3 in winter and 0.07 ng/m3 in the summer. The value of the geochemical background was fixed at 1.79 ± 0.54 ng/m3. Finally, the value of diagnostic ratio of BaP and benzo [e] pyrene (BaP/BeP) greater than 1 indicated that the sources of BaP in the summer season were the local sources.
Cu-Supported on Sodium-Treated Sepiolite for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by Propylene
Authors: Zhang Zhi Hao , Li Yang , Qi Yun Fang , Ye Qing , Ji Shu Lan , Wang Dao
Published: February 2015

Cu/Na-Sep samples were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method. These catalysts were characterized by means of XRF, XRD, and XPS techniques, and their catalytic activities were performed by the SCR of NO with propylene. The results show that the Cu/Na-Sep catalyst exhibited the high performance in the C3H6-SCR of NO. After investigation by XRD and XPS, the result showed that there are Cu2+/Cu+ redox species as a reaction activity center over Cu/Na-Sep.
Advances in Wastewater Treatment of Waste Metal Cutting Fluid
Authors: Li Yan Zhen , Shan Hou Zhuang , Li Tian Yi
Published: February 2015

The methods and principle of industrial cutting fluid wastewater treatment in recent years was summarized in this paper and its research status quo, and the cutting waste water treatment was prospected.
Speciation Analysis of Antimony and Arsenic in Soil and Remediation of Antimony and Arsenic in Contaminated Soils
Authors: Zhao Shu Ting , Li Hua Chang , Shi Ye Hong
Published: February 2015

Antimony and arsenic are recognized to be toxic carcinogens. With the development of chemical industry, antimony and arsenic pollution problems are becoming more and more serious in soil. This paper described speciation analysis of antimony and arsenic in soil in the latest technical progress. Speciation analysis of arsenic and antimony which use joint techniques and non joint techniques are summarized. This paper also introduced various remediation technologies for antimony and arsenic contaminated soil. Finally, the trend for future technical development in remediation of antimony and arsenic in contaminated soils and speciation analysis is prospected.
A Simple Solvothermal Synthesis of Spherical Y2O3:Eu3+
Authors: Lv Meng , Li Guo Chao , Dai Jie , Li Xia
Published: February 2015

In this study, Y2O3 microspheres have been selectively prepared by solvothermal method, without using any template and catalyst carrier. Based on the systematic analysis of the samples, we have discussed the effects of the thermal treatment temperature on the structure of the Y2O3 microspheres. Besides, we have also investigated the effect of microstructure on the photoluminescence properties of the phosphor, and the impact of rare earth ion doping concentration on the emission intensity of the phosphor. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis of the powders confirmed the formation of cubic Y2O3. Scanning electron microscope observation reveals that the as-synthesized powders are spherical particles of diameter of approximately 3 μm at 180 °C. Photoluminescence measurements indicate that the phosphor exhibits strongest emission peak at 612 nm, corresponding to the 5D0-7F2 electric-dipole transition. In addition, highest luminescence efficiency was observed in the phosphor with the rare earth ion doping concentration of 5%.
Selected Physical and Mechanical Properties of 2-Ply Bamboo Laminated Lumber with Modified Phenol Formaldehyde
Authors: Huang Zhi Wei , Guan Ming Jie
Published: February 2015

In this paper, environmental friendly phenol formaldehyde modified with larch thanaka and urea was used to make 2-ply bamboo laminated lumber. Effects of two assemble patterns (inner to inner and outer to outer) on physical and mechanical properties of 2-ply bamboo laminated lumber from carbonized and bleached bamboo strips were investigated. The results showed that modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of carbonized bamboo laminated lumber were better than that of bleached bamboo laminate lumber. It illustrated that physical and mechanical properties of carbonized bamboo laminated lumber became better. The MOE and MOR of bamboo laminated lumber, bonding with inner (low density surface) to inner surface, were better than that of outer (high density surface) to outer surface. It meant that MOE and MOR of bamboo laminated lumber were increased by the bonding surface density decreased of bamboo unit. Thickness swelling of carbonized bamboo laminated lumber was lower than that of bleached bamboo, which meant its dimensional stability was better than that of bleached bamboo laminated lumber.
The Influence of Different Carbon Sources for Polyhydroxyalkanoates Storage
Authors: Zhang Yan Ping
Published: February 2015

The influence of different carbon sources such as glucose, sodium acetate, sodium propionate and ethanol for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) storage were studied in details. It was shown that both the cell content and composition of PHA synthesized by microorganisms in activated sludge were different when different carbon sources were used. PHB (polyhydroxybutyrate) was the main PHA if sodium acetate was used as carbon source, while PHV (polydroxyvalerate) become the main PHA when sodium propionate was used. Sodium acetate and sodium propionate as carbon source had higher PHA production, which reached to 40.89% and 40.96% sludge dry weight, respectively . When ethanol used as carbon source, PHA content was 25.69% sludge dry weight. The minimal PHA storage was 20.14% sludge dry weight when glucose was used.
Influence of Fly Ash on Microstructure of Complex Binder Pastes
Authors: Li Xiang , Yan Jian Jun , Yang Hua Quan
Published: February 2015

The microstructure of complex binder pastes was investigated by means of XRD and SEM-EDS. The results show that adding fly ash means decline of cement content in cementitious materials, which leads to the decrease of Ca (OH)2 content in complex binder pastes. The Ca (OH)2 crystal still exists in the complex binder pastes at the age of 360 days. By replacing part of cement with fly ash, the early microstructure of complex binder pastes becomes loosened. With the extension of curing ages, a great quantity of low CaO/SiO2 ratio of C-S-H gel is generated, which makes complex binder pastes compact gradually.
Experimental Study on Effects of Mechanical Properties of Lytag Concrete
Authors: Zhang Lin Chun , Zhang Ai Lian
Published: February 2015

Pyrolysis behavior of a new kind of polybenzoxazine with aldehyde groups was investigated by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (PyGC-MS) at the temperatures ranging from 450°C to 750°C. It was found from the pyrolysis chromatograms that the type and amount of its pyrolysates obviously change with pyrolysis temperature due to various pyrolysis behaviors at different temperatures. From the structures and relative contents of the pyrolysates, the pyrolysis mechanism of the polybenzoxazine was described as follows: the initial degradation reactions occurred mainly at the Cmethylene-N bond, followed by the Cphenyl-C methylene bonds.
Basic Mechanical Properties Research of SAE Latex-Modified Mortar
Authors: Meng Wei
Published: February 2015

Through experimental research under the condition of different ratio of polymer and SAE of modified mortar, compressive and flexural strength of change trend, also studied the 1% content of steel fiber on the mechanical behavior of the SAE modified mortar, for in both cases, examined the mortar specimens respectively than the law of the change of compressive and flexural strength, and the conclusion is given.
The Research of the River Silt as Road Subgrade Filling Materials in Big City
Authors: Bai Fan Yi , Song Hai Yun , Cao Lei , Zhang Bao Wei
Published: February 2015

Based on the comprehensive treatment project of Dagu Drainage River, this paper proposes the reutilizationof river sludge in roadbed filling to realize their recycling and harmless treatment and presents the first domestic classification standard of sludge utilization in accordance with relative state road and environment standards. The author carried out indoor tests and field construction tests of material performance after mixing sludge with lime, powder of building debris and lime slag respectively. These tests showed that all performance indexes of the sludge mixings meet the requirement of road specification, the limits of relative state standards and test requirements for heavy metals content and Extraction toxicity (ET).
Antibacterial Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Capped with Poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) Polymer
Authors: Tamiyakul Hathaichanok , Tanasupawat Somboon , Dubas Stephan Thierry , Warisnoicharoen Warangkana
Published: February 2015

Antibacterial potential of metallic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is considered to be influenced by their size and stability. In this study, the stable AgNPs capped with poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) or PSSMA were successfully synthesized by using a chemical reduction method. The PSSMA-stabilized AgNPs (PSSMA-AgNPs) were characterized and tested for antibacterial activity against eight bacterial strains. Transmission electron microscopic studies showed that PSSMA-AgNPs were monodisperse spherical particles with an average size of 5.21 nm. From bacterial growth curve studies, PSSMA-AgNPs exhibited an antibacterial effect on Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538p, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853). Moreover, the Gram-negative bacteria were found to be more susceptible to the AgNPs.
Influence of the Addition of Coffee Husk in Physical Properties of Bamboo Particleboard
Authors: de Araújo Isabela Imakawa , Rossetto Dinhane Fernanda Christiane , de Domenico Valarelli Ivaldo , Pereira Bueno Marcus Antonio , Ferreira Bruno Santos , de Campos Cristiane Inácio
Published: February 2015

The use of bamboo in the production of particleboard has been gaining ground as well as other agroindustrial waste, both present a promising alternative for the development of more sustainable materials. This research aims to evaluate the physical properties of particleboard, composed of bamboo particles species Dendrocalamus giganteus and coffee husks particles in the core layer, joined by a castor oil based polyurethane resin. Physical characterization was performed based on the Brazilian Standard [1]. The physical properties of density, moisture content, water absorption during 24 hours and thickness swelling during 24 hours were evaluated. The results were compared with the Brazilian standard [1] and it was concluded that from the evaluated properties, this panel can be used commercially.
Physical and Mechanical Characteristic of Particleboards Produced with Residues of Sugarcane and Stem Leaves of Bamboo Bonded with Castor Oil Adhesive
Authors: Bezerra Barbara Stolte , Valarelli Ivaldo D. , Battistelle Rosane A.G. , de Lima Zuim Aline , Branco Luiz A. Melgaço N. , Chahud Eduardo , Christoforo André Luis , Rocco Lahr Francisco Antonio
Published: February 2015

In this research the aim was produce a particleboard with alternative materials and evaluated its physical and mechanical characteristics. The raw materials used are residues from sucarcane bagasse (SC) (Saccharum officinarum) and stem leaves of bamboo (B) (Dendrocalamus giganteus), bonded with a bi component adhesive based on castor oil. It was produced particleboards with five different traces: 100% SC, 75% SC+25% B, 50% SC+50% B, 25% SC +75%B and 100 % B. Their physical and mechanical characteristics were evaluated accordingly to Brazilian standard NBR 14810-3. Regarding the results obtained, it can be detached that for physical and mechanical evaluation it is evident a negative relation among the amount the sugarcane bagasse and their physical and mechanical characteristics, that is particleboards with low concentrations of sugarcane bagasse had better results. However all particleboards could be recommended for use as sealing particleboards in the segment of civil construction.
Characterization of Medium Density Particleborads Using Agricultural Residues
Authors: Valarelli Ivaldo D. , Battistelle Rosane A.G. , Bezerra Barbara Stolte , Branco Luiz A. Melgaço N. , Chahud Eduardo , Christoforo André Luis , Rocco Lahr Francisco Antonio
Published: February 2015

In recent years the production of products derived from wood and bamboo are increasing, due to the search for a more rational exploitation of these raw materials. Amongst these products, the particleboards production combine sustainability and rationality in the use of these materials. In this context, this work has the objective to study the application of alternative raw materials in the manufacture of Medium Density Particleboards (MDP), using residues from industrial processimg of coffee and bamboo. MDP had been produced with particles of giganteus bamboo of the Dendrocalamus species and particle of coffee rind in the intermediate layer of the particleboard, bonded with polyurethane resin based on castor oil. The physical and mechanical characterization was carried out accordingly to NBR 14810-3 (2006). The physical properties evaluated were: of water absorption for 2h and 24h; thickness swallowing for 2h and 24h; density, humidity content. The mechanical properties evaluated were: Tensile strength, static bending (MOR and MOE). The results were compared with NBR 14810-2 (2006) and also with the ANSI A208-1 (1993). The physical performance of these particleboards was below the values recommend by the Brazilian norm. Also the mechanical characteristics are not improve, demonstrating that the inclusion of coffee rind did not benefit the physical characteristics and nor the mechanical ones. However it can be used as construction materials for partitions and ceiling panels.
Effect of Drying Methods in the Resistance Strength Compression Parallel Test for Bamboo
Authors: Arantes Alysson Klebis , de Conti Cláudio , Sturaro Sônia Maria Esposte , de Conti Andrea Cressoni
Published: February 2015

Bamboo has three drying methods: open air drying; fire drying and kiln-drying. This work was carried out three drying methods for the three bamboo species: Dendrocalamus giganteus, Bambusa vulgaris vittata variation and Phyllostachys pubescens. We also analyzed the quality of the dried bamboo for cracks and used the parallel compression test in order to find which kind of bamboo showed higher strength in the parallel compression test to the fibers. We observed that the species showed cracks in the process of kiln drying, and changing color in the kiln drying and fire drying. Compared to open air drying, all species showed an absence of drying defects. We analysed the parallel compression test and the kiln drying was the best result presented for Phyllostachys pubescens and Dendrocalamus giganteus species.
Evaluation of the Moisture Content in Stiffness Properties of Structural Glulam Beams
Authors: Rocco Lahr Francisco Antonio , Christoforo André Luis , de Campos Cristiane Inácio , Morales Elen Aparecida Martines , Barbosa Juliana Cortez , Hallak Panzera Túlio
Published: February 2015

This research aimed to evaluate the influence of storage time (0, 96 hours) of Pinus elliottii pieces and the tests to obtaining modulus of elasticity (static bending and transversal vibration) in glued laminated timber beams, produced with resorcinol based adhesive and 0.8 MPa compaction pressure. After pieces were properly prepared, part of them was used in immediate three manufacturing glulam beams, tested after adhesive cure, and part stored for 96 hours under a roof with a temperature of 25°C and relative humidity of 60% for subsequent manufacturing and testing three other glulam beams. Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the storage period was significant influence in modulus of elasticity obtained in static bending test (8% reduction from 0 to 96 hours). This not occurred with modulus of elasticity obtained by transversal vibration test (no significant influence). ANOVA results showed equivalence of means in both test procedures.
MDP Panels Manufactured with Hevea Brasiliensis Overlaid with Bamboo Foil of Phyllostachys Edulis
Authors: Muzel Sarah David , Gava Maristela , Cortez-Barbosa Juliana , de Oliveira Karina Aparecida , Morales Elen Aparecida Martines , de Araujo Victor Almeida
Published: February 2015

The objective of the present work was to study the use of bamboo foils as structural reinforcement for MDP wooden panels. Four wooden panels of homogeneous layer were produced using particles of GT1 and RRIM 600 clones of Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree), and glued with urea-formaldehyde resin (UF). These panels were also overlaid with foils of Phyllostachys edulis (mossô bamboo). The tests were realized to evaluate the physical-mechanical characterization according to European standards (EN). The production of the particleboards with reinforcement of bamboo improves the physical-mechanical characteristics of these commercial wooden panels.