bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cidade capitalista e o progresso gentrificador: o processo de remodelação do Anhangabaú (1877-1917)
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Carlos Lima
Published: August 2018

O artigo visa discutir de que maneira os processos de urbanização em curso na São Paulo da virada do séc. XIX - XX podem ter sido utilizados para engendrar discursos “gentrificadores” sobre regiões centrais específicas da cidade – pobres, encortiçadas, de meretrício e comércio simples. Nessas regiões, que constituíam um campo imobiliário fértil para a expansão e remodelação da cidade, existia uma preocupação moralizante da elite (principalmente no que tange a questão do meretrício) e um projeto de cidade espacialmente incompatível com as camadas baixas. Dentro desse espectro, elege-se como foco o processo de remodelação do Anhangabaú, iniciado com o anúncio do projeto de construção do primeiro Viaduto do Chá (1877) até a finalização das obras do Parque Anhangabaú (1917).
Por um desemaranhamento do contraponto
Authors: De Bonis Mauricio
Published: August 2018

A diversidade das propostas e soluções pedagógicas agrupadas em torno do que se veio a denominar contraponto no ensino musical não elimina um risco comum a grande parte delas, sempre que a falta de clareza sobre um sistema de referência bem definido compromete sua efetividade. O repertório referencial declarado nem sempre é suficiente para sanar tal incongruência, uma vez que muitas das estratégias pedagógicas mais comuns se situam em diametral incompatibilidade com o pensamento musical da época evocada. Faz-se necessária uma revisão crítica dos tratados mais utilizados sob a luz da precisão da abordagem do sistema musical empregado – de cada especificidade referencial dentro dos universos modal e tonal. Da mesma forma, a proposta do ensino por espécies pede uma reavaliação crítica, assim como o exigem as soluções propostas nos tratados que não utilizam essa metodologia. Nesse ponto, reivindicamos uma proposta conceitual de Arnold Schoenberg para uma distinção entre o pensamento homofônico e o pensamento polifônico na música tonal, para expandi-la de modo a revelar apontamentos sobre a especificidade do pensamento melódico e contrapontístico na música modal. Pode-se, assim, embasar uma discussão crítica sobre quais seriam de fato as funções e a efetividade de uma proposta pedagógica dessa ordem na formação musical hoje.Nesse ponto, reivindicamos uma proposta conceitual de Arnold Schoenberg para uma distinção entre o pensamento homofônico e o pensamento polifônico na música tonal, para expandi-la de modo a revelar apontamentos sobre a especificidade do pensamento melódico e contrapontístico na música modal. Pode-se assim embasar uma discussão crítica sobre quais seriam de fato as funções e a efetividade de uma proposta pedagógica dessa ordem na formação musical hoje.
“O diploma é a coisa mais importante do mundo!”: relato de um caso de estudante com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) para adquirir um diploma no curso técnico em música, a partir da visão do aluno e de sua cuidadora
Authors: Rodrigues Jessika Castro , DeFreitas Júnior Áureo Deo
Published: August 2018

Este estudo de caso tem como objetivo relatar a trajetória e o processo de formação de estudante com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) para adquirir um diploma no curso técnico em música, a partir da visão do aluno e de sua cuidadora. Escolheu-se como lócus uma Escola de Música em Belém do Pará, que oferta o curso técnico em música e já formou estudantes com TEA. Para alcançar esse propósito, adotou-se a abordagem qualitativa e, como técnica de coleta de dados, utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada. Os interlocutores de pesquisa foram um estudante com diagnóstico de TEA formado no curso técnico em música e sua cuidadora. Os dados obtidos nas entrevistas semiestruturadas foram transcritos literalmente, categorizados e analisados juntamente com os documentos evocados na pesquisa. Como aspectos relevantes do processo de formação de estudantes com TEA e presentes na investigação, os pesquisadores destacam: interesse, oportunidade, barreiras, conquistas e continuidade.
Formulation and Evaluation of Besifloxacin Loaded In Situ Gel For Ophthalmic Delivery
Authors: Shivani Kala  , Prachi Gurudiwan  , Divya Juyal
Published: August 2018

The aim of study was to develop in situ gel of Besifloxacin by using blend polymer of sodium alginate, ethylcellulose and Xanthan gum to increase the pre-corneal residence time and better bioavailability of drug. In situ ocular gels of Besifloxacin (F1 to F6) were prepared by using polymers xanthan gum, Ethyl cellulose and sodium alginate in different ratio. The formulations F1 to F6 were evaluated for Clarity, visual appearance, pH, gelling capacity, drug content, assessment of drug release and ocular irritancy. The F1 to F6 were transparent and clear, and possessed a satisfactory gelling capacity. The drug content capacity for F1 to F6 ranged between 96.24% to 98.63%. The in vitro releases of drug from in situ ocular gel demonstrated that F3 (98.67%) has maximum drug release for 8 hrs compared to other formulations, and showed sustained release. The ocular irritancy study of F3 formulation showed non-irritant and safe to use. The studies suggested that prepared in situ ophthalmic gel of Besifloxacin will be an alternative for conventional eye drops and valuable alternative to counter the precorneal loss.
Protective Role of Oral Bupropion in Prevention of Cataract Induced Experimentally in Rabbits
Authors: Adeeb A. Al-Zubaidy  , Ahmed Majeed Rasheed  , Bahaa A. Abdul_Hussien  , Dalia Abd Al-Kader Shakoor
Published: August 2018

Cataract is one of the chief causes of blindness and visual impairment in the elderly people throughout the developing world. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible protective role of oral bupropion against selenite induced cataract in rabbits. Adult rabbits were used in the present study. Groups of study were: Apparently normal group, Cataract group and oral bupropion group. Cataract induction was done by a single intravitreal injection of 0.1 ml (0.01% w/v) of sodium selenite solution in the right eyes. Bupropion (50 mg/kg two times daily) was given for five days before intravitreal injection sodium selenite solution and 21 days after. The parameters were: Lens opacity, pupil diameter, light reflex, corneal sensation, conjunctival redness, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in aqueous humor of rabbit eyes. Oral bupropion resulted in high significant protection from cataract development and there was no change in pupil diameter, positive light reflex, positive corneal sensation, no conjunctival redness, decreased level of MDA and increased level of GSH.
Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Wound Healing Active Compounds From Piper nigrum L. Berries Extract in Malaysia
Authors: Chin Mee Wong  , Jing Jing Ling  , Dr. Paul M. Neilsen  , Dr. Siaw San Hwang
Published: August 2018

The study aimed to further evaluate the wound healing property of P. nigrum L. using bioassay-guided fractionation method. The ethanolic extract of Piper nigrum L. was fractionated in two stages using column chromatography and preparative reversed phase C18 HPLC, respectively. Significant wound healing properties screened using the scratch wound assay was observed through the cell migration assay in fraction number three (PNE3) out of the 14 fractions, exhibiting 36.7% and 43.8% closure of wound gap within 20 hours at concentration of 0.3 and 1.0 µg/mL, respectively. Sub-fractions which were further fractionated from PNE3 showed comparatively reduced wound healing activity using the same bioassay. The sub-fractions were also compared to Piperine, a major component of P. nigrum L. and the results were comparable. This experimental study revealed that Piperine works together with other compounds in P. nigrum L. to improve wound healing as claimed by those home remedy.
Key Findings and Implications of a Recent Systematic Review of the Potential Adverse Effects of Caffeine Consumption in Healthy Adults, Pregnant Women, Adolescents, and Children
Authors: Doepker Candace , Franke Kara , Myers Esther , Goldberger Jeffrey J. , Lieberman Harris R. , O'Brien Charles , Peck Jennifer , Tenenbein Milton , Weaver Connie , Wikoff Daniele
Published: August 2018

In 2016–2017, we conducted and published a systematic review on caffeine safety [1] that set out to determine whether conclusions presented in the heavily cited Health Canada assessment, Nawrot et al. [2], remain supported by more recent data. To that end, we reviewed data from 380 studies published between June 2001 and June 2015, which were identified from an initial batch of over 5,000 articles through a stringent search and evaluation process [1]. In the current paper, we use plain language to summarize our process and findings, with the intent of sharing additional context for broader reach to the general public. We addressed whether caffeine doses previously determined not to be associated with adverse effects by Health Canada (400 mg/day for healthy adults, 300 mg/day for pregnant women, 2. 5 mg/kg body weight/day for adolescents and children, and 10 g/day for acute effects) remain appropriate for five outcome areas (acute toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, bone & calcium effects, behavior, and development and reproduction) in healthy adults, pregnant women, adolescents, and children. We used a weight-of-evidence approach to draw conclusions for each of the five outcomes, as well as more specific endpoints within those outcomes, which considered study quality, consistency, level of adversity, and magnitude of response. In general, updated evidence confirms the levels of intake put forth by Nawrot et al., as not being associated with any adverse health effects, and our results support a shift in caffeine research from healthy to sensitive populations.
Network Module Detection using Recursive Local Graph Sparsification and Clustering
Authors: Banf Michael
Published: August 2018

Here we present a fast and highly scalable community structure preserving network module detection that recursively integrates graph sparsification and clustering. Our algorithm, called SparseClust, participated in the most recent DREAM community challenge on disease module identification, an open competition to comprehensively assess module identification methods across a wide range of biological networks.
mitoMaker: A Pipeline for Automatic Assembly and Annotation of Animal Mitochondria Using Raw NGS Data
Authors: Schomaker-Bastos Alex , Prosdocimi Francisco
Published: August 2018

Next-generation sequencing is now a mature technology, allowing partial animal genomes to be produced for many clades. Though many software exist for genome assembly and annotation, a simple pipeline that allows researchers to input raw sequencing reads in fastq format and allow the retrieval of a completely assembled and annotated mitochondrial genome is still missing. mitoMaker 1.0 is a pipeline developed in python that implements (i) recursive de novo assembly of mitochondrial genomes using a set of increasing k-mers; (ii) search for the best matching result to a target mitogenome and; (iii) performs iterative reference-based strategies to optimize the assembly. After (iv) checking for circularization and (v) positioning tRNA-Phe at the beginning, (vi) geneChecker.py module performs a complete annotation of the mitochondrial genome and provides a GenBank formatted file as output.
Offset Policy in the Process of Technology Transfer: An Analysis in the Context of Brazilian Public Health
Authors: Gomes Myller , Kovaleski João , Pagani Regina , Zammar Gilberto
Published: August 2018

This research aimed, within the scope of the anthropotechnological approach, analyze the technology transfer, performed via the offset policy in the field of public health, called the Radiotherapy Expansion Plan, from the Health Ministry. The objective of this policy is to create and improve accredited organizations, concerning the oncological treatment, specifically in the insertion of radiotherapeutic equipment. This process is divided into two stages: the insertion of the radiotherapy equipment, and the compensations provided for in the commercial agreement. To meet this purpose, the research started from understanding the theoretical and methodological approaches of the fields of study of anthropotechnology, technology transfer and offset policy. In this sense, there was used the methodological strategy of the case study, supported by applied research, with a qualitative and exploratory approach. External and internal environments of a specific situation were analyzed, located in the State of Paraná, which received the radiotherapy equipment. It was verified that the initiatives of insertion of radiotherapeutic equipment in the context of the Expansion Plan have undergone numerous confrontations, inserted in the contextual and organizational particularities that affect its development and effectiveness. There are challenges that require responses from a set of organizations involved, in order to implement the trade agreement established by the offset policy, highlighting the first stage as a process of technology transfer. Thus, the situation located in the State of Paraná consistently consolidated the insertion of the radiotherapy equipment. It allowed its disclosure as a reference situation, and based on the dimensions and indicators analysis provided by anthropotechnology, made possible the comprehensionof the technology transfer involved in the process.
Importance of HIV cell-to-cell transmission - implications for neutralizing antibody
Authors: Kok Tuckweng , Li Peng
Published: August 2018

Viruses can infect a cell via one or both routes viz. cell-to-cell (c-c) or cell-free (c-f) . Pathogenesis studies of various viruses, including HIV, have shown that c-c transmission yields a significantly higher infection magnitude than the c-f route. Expectedly, potent antibodies inhibited c-f infection more efficiently than with c-cell transmission. To achieve a one-step, synchronous infection cycle that provides amplified infection, we have studied a consistent and efficient c-c HIV infection model since 1992. H9 cells persistently infected with HTLV-IIIB (H3B cells) and uninfected target CD4+ lymphocyte line (HuT78) were mixed in a ratio of 1:4 respectively. We have recently used this model to produce HIV designer antigens that have been shown to elicit monoclonal as well as polyclonal specific antibodies against novel epitopes that are formed post virus-cell engagement, but prior to fusion. The model can be extended for HIV neutralizing antibody assays or drug inhibitors against high multiplicity of infection.
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from patients with upper respiratory tract infections; a four year study in Tripoli city
Authors: Atia Ahmed , Elyounsi Najla , Abired Ahmed , Wanis Amal , Ashour Abdulsalam
Published: August 2018

1) Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTI) has been known to be a significant health concern for mortality and morbidity since many years. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of bacterial pathogen causing upper respiratory tract (URTIs) and the susceptibility patterns to frequently used antibiotics among patients attending Abusetta hospital in Tripoli district; 2) Methods: A total of 1,110 throat swabs were collected between Jan, 2011 to December, 2014 and inoculated onto Blood agar, MacCkonkey agar and Chocolate agar then incubated at 37 oC for 24 hours. Bacterial pathogens were determined by bacteriological culture methods and antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was identified following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines (CLSI); 3) Results: Of the 1,110 respiratory samples tested, 71.1% (n = 789) of specimens were positive cultures with the dominant bacterial pathogens being streptococcus pneumonia 43.3% (n = 342), followed by pseudomonas aeruginosa 22.8% (n = 180), staphylococcus aurous 13.8% (n = 109), Escherichia Coli 6.9% (n = 55), Enterobacter spp 6.2% (n = 49), Citrobacter 4.5% (n = 36), and Klebsiella 2.2% (n = 18). Most isolates exhibited resistance against the commonly used antibiotics and to at least one antibiotic; and 4) Conclusions: The level of antibiotic resistance in this study is alarming and brings to light the timely and suitable diagnosis of the common bacteria causes of URTIs and proper antibiotic administration based on susceptibility test.
Hormonal, Metabolic and Hemodynamic Adaptations to Glycosuria in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated with Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter Inhibitors
Authors: Cersosimo Eugenio , Miles John M.
Published: August 2018

Background & Introduction:

The advent of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors [SGLT-2i] provides an additional tool to combat diabetes and complications. The use of SGLT-2i leads to effective and durable glycemic control with important reductions in body weight/fat and blood pressure. These agents may delay beta-cell deterioration and improve tissue insulin sensitivity, which might slow the progression of the disease.

Methods & Results:

In response to glycosuria, a compensatory rise in endogenous glucose production, sustained by a decrease in plasma insulin with an increase in glucagon has been described. Other possible mediators have been implicated and preliminary findings suggest that a sympathoadrenal discharge and/or rapid elevation in circulating substrates (i.e., fatty acids) or some yet unidentified humoral factors may have a role in a renal-hepatic inter-organ relationship. A possible contribution of enhanced renal gluconeogenesis to glucose entry into the systemic circulation has not yet been ruled out. Additionally, tissue glucose utilization decreases, whereas adipose tissue lipolysis is stimulated and, there is a switch to lipid oxidation with the formation of ketone bodies; the risk for keto-acidosis may limit the use of SGLT-2i. These metabolic adaptations are part of a counter-regulatory response to avoid hypoglycemia and, as a result, limit the SGLT-2i therapeutic efficacy. Recent trials revealed important cardiovascular [CV] beneficial effects of SGLT-2i drugs when used in T2DM patients with CV disease. Although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, there appears to be “class effect”. Changes in hemodynamics and electrolyte/body fluid distribution are likely involved, but there is no evidence for anti-atherosclerotic effects.

Conclusion:

It is anticipated that, by providing durable diabetes control and reducing CV morbidity and mortality, the SGLT-2i class of drugs is destined to become a priority choice in diabetes management.
Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Ayed Mousab Yousef , Ababneh Mutasem , Robert Asirvatham Alwin , Salman Ahmed , Al Saeed Abdulghani , Al Dawish Mohamed Abdulaziz
Published: August 2018

Background and Aims: Considering that diabetic foot ulceration is one of the major health
issues globally, we aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with foot ulcers in patients with type 2
diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods:

A total of 81 T2DM patients (age range: 40-80 years) registered at the Diabetes Treatment
Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between April and September
2015 were included in this cross-sectional study after purposive selection and assigning of patient
numbers. The selected participants were interviewed and examined, and their medical records
were reviewed for sensory, vibratory, and painful neuropathies; vascular insufficiency; retinopathy;
and dermatological variations. The Wagner’s classification system was employed to evaluate the stage
of patients’ foot ulcers.

Results:

Among the study participants [mean age range: 56.4 ± 6.72 years; 53 males (65.4%)], cases of
loss of protective sensation, foot deformity, amputation history, and dermatological abnormalities were
notable. The Wagner gradation value of ulcers were grade 0 for 16% study population, grade 1 for
35.8%, grade 2 for 45.7%, grade 3 for 2.5%, and grades 4 and 5 for 0%. Approximately 19% of the patients
had a previous case of amputation and 29.6% had nail disease. The most common footwear reported
to be used by the patients was sandals shoes (46%).

Conclusion:

The issues of loss of protective sensation, vascular insufficiency, deformity, previous amputations,
and dermatological abnormalities of the lower limbs were found to be most common among
the foot ulceration patients. The study findings thus recommend regular foot examination, following
basic hygiene habits, encouragement of the use of appropriate footwear, patient education about foot
ulcers, and prompt treatment for minor injuries to prevent further ulceration in DM patients.
Bactericidal Activity of a Cationic Peptide on Neisseria meningitidis
Authors: De-Simone Salvatore G. , Souza Andre L.A. , Pina Jorge L.S. , Junior Ivan N. , Lourenço Maria C. , Provance David W.
Published: August 2018

Background:

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria has raised an
urgent need for substitute remedies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered promising
candidates to address infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria through new mechanisms of action
that require a careful evaluation of their performance.

Objective:

Identification of effective AMPs against Neisseria meningitidis, which represents a
pathogen of great public health importance worldwide that is intrinsically resistant to some AMPs,
such as polymyxin B.

Methods:

A cationic 11-residue peptide (KLKLLLLLKLK), referred to as poly-Leu, was synthesized
and its antimeningococcal activity was compared to cecropin A and poly-P
(KLKPPPPPKLK) through a variety of assays. Flow cytometry was used to measure propidium
iodide uptake by N. meningitidis serotype B as an indicator of the effectiveness of each peptide
when added to cultures at different concentrations.

Results:

The addition of the poly-Leu peptide led to a 90.3% uptake of the dye with an EC50 value
of 7.9 µg mL-1. In contrast, uptake was <10% in cells grown in the absence of peptides or with an
identical concentration of cecropin and poly-Pro peptides. Electron micrographs indicated that the
integrity of the cellular wall and internal membrane was impacted in relation to peptide concentrations,
which was confirmed by the detection of released alkaline phosphatase from the periplasmic
space due to disruption of the external membrane.

Conclusion:

Poly-Leu peptide demonstrated definitive antimicrobial activity against N. meningitidis.
Impact of 13Valent Vaccine for Prevention of Pneumococcal Diseases in Children and Adults at Risk: Possible Scenarios in Campania Region
Authors: Sanduzzi Alessandro , Canora Angelo , Belfiore Patrizia , Bocchino Marialuisa , Liguori Renato , Liguori Giorgio
Published: August 2018

Background:

Pneumonias are the most frequent infectious diseases, characterized by a high prevalence especially among children and adults at risk. The socio-economic impact caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is evaluated in terms of morbidity, death rate and hospitalizations.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to demonstrate the potential economic advantages by implementation of an active anti-pneumococcal 13-valent vaccine strategy in Campania region (Southern Italy) in two different categories of subjects, children (aged 0-12), and adults (aged 50- 79) at risk (hypertension, nephropathies, COPD and heart diseases).

Methods:

Vaccination costs were compared with costs necessary to treat avoidable diseases in the presence and absence of a vaccination program.

Results:

Offering anti-pneumococcal 13-valent vaccine to the paediatric population was quantified as saving one million euros for Italian national health service in two years. In addition, offering anti-pneumococcal vaccine to adults at risk would generate a return of around 29 million euros.

Conclusion:

In both cases, offering anti-pneumococcal 13-valent vaccine was proven to be a helpful political health strategy, not only in consideration of a reduction of cases but also in view of the favourable economic impacts.
Optimization of Slag Content and Properties Improvement of Metakaolin-slag Geopolymer Mixes
Authors: Zawrah M. F. , Gado R. A. , Khattab R. M.
Published: August 2018

Object:

Geopolymers mixes were fabricated from Metakaolin (MK) and Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) waste material in the presence of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate which were used as alkali activators. To optimize the suitable amount of slag, eleven batches were designed, mixed and homogenized for 30 min.

Method:

To determine the suitable amount of liquid required for pasting, normal consistency and setting time were determined. The physico-mechanical properties at different curing agesi.e. 3, 7, 28 and 90 days, were determined. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope were used to investigate phase composition and microstructure.

Result:

To guarantee forming geopolymer gel and to check its amount, HCl extraction test was performed. Salicylic acid/methanol extraction was also performed to verify the presence and amount of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH). The results revealed that calcium-rich slag (BFS) accelerated the hardening process and decreased the alkaline liquid consistency. For geopolymer without BFS, two phases, namely; un-reacted metakaolin and geopolymer gel were formed. For geopolymers with BFS, three phases were formed, namely; un-reacted metakaolin, geopolymer gel and CSH with aluminum substitution (CASH) gel. The bulk density was increased with increasing BFS and curing time. The strength was increased with increasing of BFS, reaching its maximum (about 120 MPa) for the specimen containing 70% slag, cured for 28 days.
Influence of Time Intervals between Bleaching Procedures on Enamel Microhardness and Surface Roughness
Authors: Pimentel de Oliveira Roberta , Baia Juliana Costa Pereira , Ribeiro Mara Eliane Soares , Junior Mario Honorato da Silva e Souza , Loretto Sandro Cordeiro
Published: August 2018

Background:

Dental bleaching has been increasingly sought out to improve dental aesthetics, but it may cause changes in dental enamel.

Objective:

To assess the influence of different time intervals on bleaching gel applications with regard to the Microhardness (MH) and Surface Roughness (SR) on dental enamel.

Material and Methods:

Forty bovine incisors were randomly divided into two groups (G1 and G2) and both were bleached with 35% Hydrogen Peroxide (HP35) (n=20; G1: seven-day interval and G2: two-day interval). The MH and SR tests were performed before bleaching (T0) and after the first (T1), second (T2), and third (T3) bleaching gel applications. The specimens were stored in artificial saliva between each application (37°C). The data were analyzed using the student’s t-test (p≤ 0.05) for dependent samples.

Results:

The reduced time interval (two days) led to a significant reduction in MH, while MH was not affected during the seven-day interval. The SR results increased regardless of the bleaching gel application time interval.

Conclusion:

The decreased time interval of two days between bleaching gel applications caused changes in MH but did not influence the SR of dental enamel.
A Synoptic Study of Low Troposphere Wind at the Israeli Coast
Authors: Berkovic Sigalit , Alpert Pinhas
Published: August 2018

Objective:

This research is dedicated to the study of the feasibility of surface wind downscaling from 925 or 850 hPa winds according to synoptic class, season and hour.

Methods:

Two aspects are examined: low tropospheric wind veering and wind speed correlation and verification of the ERA-Interim analysis wind by comparison to radiosonde data at Beit Dagan, a station on the Israeli coast.

Results:

Relatively small (< 60°) cross angles between the 1000 hPa wind vector and the 925 hPa or 850 hPa wind vector at 12Z and high correlation (0.6-0.8) between the wind speed at the two levels were found only under winter lows. Relatively small cross angles and small wind speed correlation were found under highs to the west and Persian troughs.

The verification of ERA-Interim analysis in comparison with radiosonde data has shown good prediction of wind direction at 12Z at 1000, 925 and 850 hPa levels (RMSE 20°-60°) and lower prediction quality at 1000 hPa at 0Z (RMSE 60°-90°). The analysis under-predicts the wind speed, especially at 1000 hPa. The wind speed RMSE is 1-2 m/s, except for winter lows with 2-3 m/s RMSE at 0Z, 12Z at all levels.

Conclusion:

Inference of surface wind may be possible at 12Z from 925 or 825 hPa winds under winter lows. Inference of wind direction from 925 hPa winds may be possible under highs to the west and Persian troughs. Wind speed should be inferred by interpolation, according to historical data of measurements or high resolution model.
Characterization of Website use Associated with the WhyDairy? School-based Nutrition Education Intervention
Authors: Sypes Emma , Racey Megan , Albabish William , Newton Genevieve
Published: August 2018

Background:

Despite the known health benefits of dairy products, their daily consumption continues to decline, particularly in pre-adolescents and adolescents. It is therefore of interest to develop effective strategies to increase dairy intake and education in this population.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the web-based component of a school-based dairy nutrition intervention called WhyDairy?. Through analysis of popular website content, traversal paths and timing of website access, we aimed to investigate how students used this website and to identify areas of improvement for future research.

Method:

Grade 7 students (n=115) in 10 Southwestern Ontario schools received the WhyDairy? intervention, which included three classroom visits and a website that could be voluntarily accessed. Website use data was collected using Google Analytics. The intervention delivered to control schools did not have a website component and is therefore not described in this report.

Results:

The website was voluntarily accessed by 33.6% of students participating in the intervention. Almost 70% of website visits occurred within two days following a classroom visit. Popular content included games and interactive pages. While there was moderate engagement with the website during the intervention period, there was poor engagement during the follow-up period.

Conclusion:

The utilization of the WhyDairy? website represents students’ interest in independently furthering their knowledge and student engagement with a web-based component of a dairy nutrition intervention. Future work should investigate students’ motivations for accessing the website and how to encourage prolonged website use.
Frequencies and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated from Horses in South Korea
Authors: Choi Seoung-Kyoon , Hwang Ji-Yong , Park Chul-Song , Cho Gil-Jae
Published: August 2018

Background:

Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus Aureus(MRSA) has become one of the most prevalent pathogens in animals and humans giving rise to various diseases. MRSA infection in horses and transmission between horses and humans have dramatically increased recently.

Objective:

This study investigated the isolation frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of MRSA isolated from horses in South Korea.

Method:

Screening of the MRSA isolates was conducted by conventional methods and multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of oxacillin was determined by the broth microdilution test method. Overall antibiogram was obtained by disk diffusion susceptibility test. All antimicrobial tests were conducted in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.

Results:

S. aureuswas isolated from 116 (19.46%) of 596 horses tested. Of the 116S. aureusisolates, 52 (8.72%) strains were identified as MRSA by multiplex PCR. Among the 52 MRSA strains, 24 (46.15%) and 28 (53.85%) were oxacillin-resistant MRSA (OR-MRSA) and oxacillin-susceptible MRSA (OS-MRSA), respectively. OR-MRSA showed the highest susceptibility to florfenicol (100.00%), followed by doxycycline (95.83%), cefepime (91.67%), tetracycline (75.00%), and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (70.83%). OS-MRSA showed the highest susceptibility to florfenicol (100.00%) and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (100.00%), followed by cefoxitin (96.43%), ciprofloxacin (92.86%), enrofloxacin (92.86%), lincomycin + spectinomycin (89.29%), cefuroxime (89.29%), and cefonicid (89.29%).

Conclusion:

This study may facilitate treatment and prevention of MRSA infections and further benefit not only horses, but also people related with horse farms, horse riding clubs and animal hospitals.
Effects of a Mobile Educational Program for Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Authors: Kim Bo-Yeoul , Park Kyu-Joo , Ryoo Seung-Bum
Published: August 2018

Background:

The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program hastens recovery from colorectal cancer by shortening the treatment period and enabling a return to normal activities. However, patients with colorectal cancer treated under the ERAS program have fewer opportunities to consult with medical staff and receive education regarding self-care and experience more affective stress and anxiety.

Objective:

This study aimed to develop and assess an educational program for patients with colorectal cancer treated under the ERAS program, considering affective aspects.

Method:

Patients with colorectal cancer (n= 118) who underwent open colon surgery under the ERAS program were assigned alternately in the order of admission on a 1:1 basis to a treatment group (n= 59) and conventional care group (n= 59). The treatment group received a two-week mobile-based intervention, whereas the control group received conventional care. Quality of life, self-efficacy, anxiety, and depression were compared between the two groups.

Results:

The mobile web-based educational program significantly reduced the negative impact of surgery on the quality of life in the treatment group, compared with the conventional care group, and triggered a noticeable decline in anxiety and depression and increase in self-efficacy.

Conclusion:

The developed mobile web-based educational program effectively enhanced self-efficacy, positively impacted the quality of life, and reduced anxiety and depression. The program could have a positive effect on the quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer treated under the ERAS program.
KALIMAT TANYA DALAM BAHASA MELAYU DIALEK TAMIANG
Authors: Hafrianto Joko , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang membahas struktur kalimat tanya dalam bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang. Penelitian struktur kalimat tanya ini menggunakan teori x-bar sebagai kajian sintaksis generatif. Data penelitian ini berupa kalimat tanya mae ‘apa’, hapo ‘siapa’, kalo ‘kapan’, kek mano ‘dimana’, keno mae ‘kenapa’, dan gano ‘bagaimana’. Data ini diperoleh dari hasil wawancara penutur asli bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang dan data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode agih. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis kalimat tanya total dalam bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang memerlukan jawaban “ya” atau “tidak”, sedangkan jenis kalimat tanya parsial dalam bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang memerlukan jawaban penjelasan atau keterangan. Kata kunci: struktur kalimat, teori x-bar, bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN THE TAMIANG DIALECT OF MALAYAbstract This is a qualitative study discussing the structures of interrogative sentences in the Tamiang dialect of Malay. The study on the structures of interrogative sentences uses the x-bar theory as a study of generative syntax. The data were in the form of sentences asking mae ‘what’, hapo ‘who’, kalo ‘when’, kek mano ‘where’, keno mae ‘why’, and gano ‘how’. The data were collected through interviews with native speakers of the Tamiang dialect of Malaythe data were analyzed using the distributionalmethod. The results indicate that yes-no questions require a “yes” or “no” answer, while wh-questions require explanation or information. Keywords: sentence structures, x-bar theory, dialect Tamiang of Malay
MODIFIED CHILD-DIRECTED SPEECH (MCDS) AND THE USE OF A NAMING TASK TO COMPARE THE PACING OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND VOCABULARY BUILDING OF AGE 2-6 LEARNERS OF THEFIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGES
Authors: Aledo Rayven Panes
Published: August 2018

As support to several studies about Child-Directed Speech (CDS), also known as motherese or parentese, this study compared the pacing of three children learning their first and second languages (Filipino and English) and explored the language learning of children exposed to aspecialized language task specific to the vocabulary building and facilitated through a style derived from CDS while listening to the oral drills and language reviews done by the mother and the other siblings at home. The respondents were of different ages (i.e. 2, 4, and 6 years old) and varied interms of language input and output due to differences in exposure and environment (i.e. schooling and non-schooling). Furthermore, the study used a specially-designed framework explaining the totality of the process, actions taken to address difficulties, and corrected output or acquired vocabulary through interaction and exposure. Exposure to language input was tested in the assessment phase. The study also tested the ability of the youngest child not yet studying in a formal school, unlike his siblings, to absorb language input, still, with constant exposure (in the corrective phase) leading to success in correction of difficulties and acquisition of language input.Keywords: Modified Child Directed Speech, exposure, uncorrected output, corrected output MODIFIED CHILD-DIRECTED SPEECH (MCDS) DAN PENGGUNAAN TUGAS PENAMAAN UNTUK MEMBANDINGKAN KECEPATAN PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA DAN PENGEMBANGAN KOSAKATA PEMBELAJAR BAHASA PERTAMA DAN KEDUA USIA 2-6 TAHUNAbstrakUntuk mendukung beberapa penelitian tentang Child-Directed Speech(CDS), juga dikenal sebagai bahasa ibu atau orang tua, penelitian ini membandingkan kecepatan tiga anak yang mempelajari bahasa pertama dan kedua (bahasa Filipina dan Inggris) dan mengeksplorasi pembelajaran bahasa anak-anak yang dipajankan pada tugas kebahasaan khusus terutama untuk mengembangkan kosakata dan difasilitasi melalui gaya yang berasal dari CDS sambil mendengarkan latihan lisan dan penjelasan yang dilakukan oleh ibu dan saudara lainnya di rumah. Responden berbeda usia (yaitu 2, 4, dan 6 tahun) dan bervariasi dalam hal input dan output bahasa karena perbedaan dalam pajanan dan lingkungan (yaitu sekolah dan non-sekolah). Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka yang dirancang khusus yang menjelaskan totalitas proses, tindakan yang diambil untuk mengatasi kesulitan, dan mengoreksi luaran atau memperoleh kosakata melalui interaksi dan pajanan. Pajanan masukan bahasa diuji dalam fase penilaian. Penelitian ini juga menguji kemampuan anak bungsu yang belum belajar di sekolah formal, tidak seperti saudara kandungnya, untuk menyerap input bahasadengan pajanan yang terus menerus (dalam fase korektif) yang mengarah pada keberhasilan dalam koreksi kesulitan dan perolehan input bahasa.Kata kunci: Modified Child-Directed Speech, pajanan, luaran tidak terkoreksi, luaran terkoreksi
Incentive Elements of Household Savings in the Hungarian Tax System
Authors: Szeles Zsuzsanna
Published: August 2018

Of the regulatory systems, the tax system is one of the most important instruments for the government to encourage savings. Although tax systems are relatively stable, in fact, they are constantly changing. Taxes and their rates, as well as changes in other factors, serve to implement different tax policies. The primary purpose of the tax system is to redistribute income and enforce fairness to achieve effective results. Changes in tax laws can influence long-term savings decisions either positively or negatively.

I analized the incentive elements of household savings in the Hungarian tax system which applicable today and the discounts that could be used in the past. I collected other discounts which has contact with tax system and helps long term savings.

The Hungarian state offers three possibilities of self-help for pension purposes in the personal income tax system, which are voluntary pension fund, retirement savings account and pension insurance. I compared these possibilities and analized by different point of views. Furthermore, they support health insurance and mutual funds, from 2014 onwards the government merged the discounts. In my opinion, governments play an important role in creating economic prosperity in countries.
Las propuestas curriculares en escuelas de elite en Buenos Aires: diferenciación institucional para educar en el privilego
Authors: Ziegler Sandra , Gessaghi Victoria , Fuentes Sebastián
Published: August 2018

Este artículo explora la experiencia escolar en las escuelas de elite de la Argentina. Se analiza el currículum desplegado por las instituciones como propuesta cultural que las escuelas ponen a disposición de las familias. Los resultados se basan en entrevistas en profundidad realizadas en cinco escuelas de la ciudad y la provincia de Buenos Aires, así como en el análisis de documentos y páginas web institucionales. Se concluye que las propuestas curriculares de las escuelas generan experiencias de aprendizaje y de relación que familiarizan a los estudiantes con las posiciones, las estéticas y los “valores” diferenciadores del sector o grupo social al que pertenecen.
MINAT PEMILIHAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DAN PERAN KELOMPOK REFERENSI SERTA KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN TERINTEGRASI
Authors: Harwani Yuli , Suharjo Budi , Nurmalina Rita , Suprayitno Gendut
Published: August 2018

Abstract. This study aims to examine the role of reference groups and integrated marketing communications with the intention of college selection through the mediation of attitudes and subjective norms of consumers. The analysis is done from the perspective of high school students in Indonesia as a developing country. The survey was conducted on 432 students with 91.90 percent of respondent's data that can be analyzed. Data analysis and model testing are proposed using Structural Equation Modeling - Lisrel. The result of the analysis shows that there is an influence of the reference group, integrated marketing communications, attitude and subjective norm toward the intention of college selection. These results provide an overview to the college managerial to develop an integrated marketing communication strategy aimed not only at the consumers of high school students, but also those who play a role in influencing the electoral process such as schools, friends and families, especially parents. Empirically, the results of this study indicate that college consumers in Indonesia in this study are high school students assess that integrated reference groups and marketing communications have an important role in influencing their electoral intention. Subsequently found, the reference group and integrated marketing communications affect the intention of college selection with the mediation of attitude and subjective norms.
PERSEPSI DUKUNGAN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI MEDIATOR ANTARA KEADILAN ORGANISASI DAN KOMITMEN AFEKTIF PADA SEBUAH PERUSAHAAN DISTRIBUSI PELUMAS
Authors: Dewa Yoga Samudra , Salendu Alice
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The aim of this research is to determine the role of perceived organizational support as mediator variable between organizational justice dan affective commitment in Shell lubricants distributor company in Indonesia. The respondents of this study are 52 employees which completing the questionnaire through online and dirrect response. This study used a quantitative research design with mediation analysis from Hayes in PROCESS SPSS version 25. The results showed that the perceived organizational support mediated with BootLLCI value = 0.016 and BootULCI = 0.265, which mean perceived organization support is fully mediated in the relationship between organizational justice and affective commitment. In order to get optimized perceived organizational support from the employee, the organization should treat the employee fairly, as the result, it will increase employee`s affective commitment and the organization performance.
PERAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASIONAL DALAM MEMEDIASI PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, PELATIHAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PERAWAT
Authors: Kurniasari Intan Cahya , Thoyib Armanu , Rofiaty Rofiaty
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Research aim to analyze influence of 1) Competencies on Organtizational Commitment. 2) Training on Organtizational Commitment. 3) Organization Culture on Organtizational Commitmen. 4) Competencies on Nurses’ Performance. 5) Training on Nurses’ Performance. 6) Organization Culture on Nurses’ Performance. 7) Organizational Commitment on Nurses’ Performance. 8) Role mediation of Organizational Commitmen within the influence of Competencies on Nurses’ Performance. 9) Role mediation of Organizational Commitmen within the influence of Training on Nurses’ Performance. 10) Role mediation of Organizational Commitmen within the influence of Organizational Culture on Nurses Performance. Sample has taken by survey methode by used saturated sampling which mean make all population member as a sample. Research sample were 143 nurses who work at Waluyo Jati Kraksaan Probolinggo Hospital with more than 1 year working time. The analyse tool is Partial Least Square (PLS). The research result competencies, training and organization culture influence organizational commitment directly but didnt have influence on nurses performance. Organizational commitmen have the role mediation fully (complete) by competencies, training with culture to nurses’performance in Waluyo Jati Kraksaan Hospital.
PENGARUH KUALITAS HUBUNGAN SESAMA ANGGOTA TIM DAN KEPEMIMPINAN BERSAMA TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS TIM PADA ORGANISASI PUBLIK
Authors: Ramdhana Anjar , Mangundjaya Wustari L. , Nugroho Ahmad Cahyo
Published: August 2018

Abstract. This study aims to examine the effect of team member exchange qualities and shared leadership on team effectiveness in order to describe cross-functional integration conditions in public organizations. Cross-functional integration on these research explained with two points of view, as a group members behavior and as a team process. Cross-functional integration as a group members behavior established if (1) team member exchange qualities positively affects shared leadership; and (2) shared leadership positively affects team effectiveness. Cross-functional integration as a team process established if team member exchange qualities affects on team effectiveness through shared leadership. The study was conducted on Directorate A, B and C, with totally 90 respondents. The research method used regression analysis and path analysis. The results showed (1) team member exchange qualities positively affect shared leadership on Directorate A, B and C; (2) shared leadership positively affects team effectiveness on Directorate B and C; and (3) team member exchange qualities positively affects team effectiveness through shared leadership on Directorate C. Based on those results, we can conclude that cross-functional integration as group member behavior established in Directorate B and C, and cross-functional integration as a team process established only in Directorate C.