bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic measurement of short-chain fatty acids and application in periodontal disease diagnosis
Authors: Hatanaka Kazu , Shirahase Yasushi , Yoshida Toshiyuki , Kono Mari , Toya Naoki , Sakasegawa Shin-ichi , Konishi Kenji , Yamamoto Tadashi , Ochiai Kuniyasu , Takashiba Shogo
Published: July 2022

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition caused by periodontal pathogens in the gingival sulcus. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by causal bacteria are closely related to the onset and progression of periodontal disease and have been reported to proliferate in the periodontal sulcus of patients experiencing this pathology. In such patients, propionic acid (C3), butyric acid (C4), isobutyric acid (IC4), valeric acid (C5), isovaleric acid (IC5), and caproic acid (C6), henceforth referred to as [C3–C6], has been reported to have a detrimental effect, while acetic acid (C2) exhibits no detrimental effect. In this study, we established an inexpensive and simple enzymatic assay that can fractionate and measure these acids. The possibility of applying this technique to determine the severity of periodontal disease by adapting it to specimens collected from humans has been explored. We established an enzyme system using acetate kinase and butyrate kinase capable of measuring SCFAs in two fractions, C2 and [C3–C6]. The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva of 10 healthy participants and 10 participants with mild and severe periodontal disease were measured using the established enzymatic method and conventional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The quantification of C2 and [C3–C6] in human GCF and saliva was well correlated when using the GC–MS method. Furthermore, both C2 and [C3–C6] in the GCF increased with disease severity. However, while no significant difference was observed between healthy participants and periodontal patients when using saliva, [C3–C6] significantly differed between mild and severe periodontal disease. The enzymatic method was able to measure C2 and [C3–C6] separately as well as using the GC–MS method. Furthermore, the C2 and [C3–C6] fractions of GCF correlated with disease severity, suggesting that this method can be applied clinically. In contrast, the quantification of C2 and [C3–C6] in saliva did not differ significantly between healthy participants and patients with periodontal disease. Future studies should focus on inflammation rather than on tissue destruction.
Individual level peer interventions for gay and bisexual men who have sex with men between 2000 and 2020: A scoping review
Authors: Freestone Jack , Siefried Krista Joy , Prestage Garrett , Hammoud Mohamed , Molyneux Angus , Bourne Adam
Published: July 2022

Background

Peer-led interventions are central to the global HIV response for gay and bisexual men who have sex with men [GBMSM]. Since the year 2000, technological advancements in HIV and an increased response to the health disparities faced by GBMSM outside of HIV, have contributed to the expanding scope of their content and delivery. This review sets out to characterise the evidence base for individual level peer interventions for GBMSM, overview approaches to implementing and evaluating them and identify future priorities for their delivery and evaluation.

Methods

A scoping review methodology was applied and evaluations of peer programs for GBMSM published in peer reviewed journals were identified via subject heading and keyword searches across five electronic databases. Titles and abstracts were reviewed, and full texts were assessed against eligibility criteria. A coding framework was used to extract data from included studies against intervention implementation and evaluation components.

Results

A total of 38 studies evaluating peer led interventions against effectiveness outcomes were deemed eligible for inclusion and coded into four intervention modalities; peer counselling [n = 6], groupwork programs [n = 15], peer navigation [n = 7] and peer education [n = 10]. Most addressed HIV [n = 32] and across intervention modalities, evaluations demonstrated compelling evidence of significant effect. Intervention effects on broader indicators of psychosocial wellbeing were not extensively evaluated. Expertise regarding the implementation and evaluation of peer interventions addressing HIV among GBMSM ought to be leveraged to expand the scope of peer intervention to meet the diverse health and wellbeing needs of GBMSM.
Steep rise in drug use-associated infective endocarditis in West Virginia: Characteristics and healthcare utilization
Authors: Bhandari Ruchi , Alexander Talia , Annie Frank H. , Kaleem Umar , Irfan Affan , Balla Sudarshan , Wiener R. Constance , Cook Chris , Nanjundappa Aravinda , Bates Mark , Thompson Ellen , Smith Gordon S. , Feinberg Judith , Fisher Melanie A.
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Life-threatening infections such as infective endocarditis (IE) are increasing simultaneously with the injection drug use epidemic in West Virginia (WV). We utilized a newly developed, statewide database to describe epidemiologic characteristics and healthcare utilization among patients with (DU-IE) and without (non-DU-IE) drug use-associated IE in WV over five years.

Materials and methods

This retrospective, observational study, incorporating manual review of electronic medical records, included all patients aged 18–90 years who had their first admission for IE in any of the four university-affiliated referral hospitals in WV during 2014–2018. IE was identified using ICD-10-CM codes and confirmed by chart review. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and healthcare utilization were compared between patients with DU-IE and non-DU-IE using Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted with discharge against medical advice/in-hospital mortality vs. discharge alive as the outcome variable and drug use as the predictor variable.

Results

Overall 780 unique patients had confirmed first IE admission, with a six-fold increase during study period (p = .004). Most patients (70.9%) had used drugs before hospital admission, primarily by injection. Compared to patients with non-DU-IE, patients with DU-IE were significantly younger (median age: 33.9 vs. 64.1 years; p < .001); were hospitalized longer (median: 25.5 vs. 15 days; p < .001); had a higher proportion of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates (42.7% vs. 29.9%; p < .001), psychiatric disorders (51.2% vs. 17.3%; p < .001), cardiac surgeries (42.9% vs. 26.6%; p < .001), and discharges against medical advice (19.9% vs. 1.4%; p < .001). Multivariable regression analysis showed drug use was an independent predictor of the combined outcome of discharge against medical advice/in-hospital mortality (OR: 2.99; 95% CI: 1.67–5.64).

Discussion and conclusion

This multisite study reveals a 681% increase in IE admissions in WV over five years primarily attributable to injection drug use, underscoring the urgent need for both prevention efforts and specialized strategies to improve outcomes.
Fault detection by skeleton extraction based on orientation field consistency
Authors: Li Yang , Zhong Baorong , Xu Xiaohong , Liang Zijun
Published: July 2022

A fault detection method using skeleton extraction based on orientation field consistency is proposed to improve the efficiency of fault detection, reduce the influence of transverse nonstructural factors on fault detection, and realize automatic fault extraction. In fingerprint image processing, the consistency of the orientation field reaches a maximum value when all orientations are parallel and takes a smaller value when not all orientations are parallel. The orientation field ceases to be parallel in the presence of a stratigraphic discontinuity, and the consistency of the orientation field in the corresponding region is lower than that in parallel regions. This characteristic can be exploited to extract discontinuous regions from seismic data. Then, binarization and closing operations are used to extract fault areas and increase fault continuity. Finally, a skeleton extraction method based on extracting the longitudinal center point is used to identify the fault lines. Compared with the classical ant tracking method, the proposed method requires the adjustment of fewer parameters, thus simplifying fault identification process to a certain extent. Moreover, the proposed method effectively suppresses transverse discontinuities, highlights the longitudinal fault characteristics, and strengthens fault continuity.
Desenvolvimento de um Score para análise de risco de evasão de estudantes do Ensino Superior baseado em Aprendizado de Máquina
Authors: Crusoé da Cruz Robinson , Correa Juliano Renato , Cristinne Correa Souza Alinne , Carlos Monteiro Souza Francisco
Published: July 2022

Dropping out of Higher Education contributes to great social, eco- nomic and academic loss. Among the main reasons for dropping out are the student’s difficulty in following the content, the struc- ture proposed by the course and the lack of financial resources. In recent years, several studies have emerged to try to identify groups of students at risk of dropping out, either by identifying the factors that can contribute to dropout, or by creating classifiers based on Machine Learning. However, researches focus essentially on categorical indicators, that is, with binary results, which denote that the student is or is not in the risk group. This type of anal- ysis is important, however, it does not show the variation in the student’s performance during their academic life, in addition to not offering a score within a performance score. Differently, this project use Machine Learning techniques in the creation of a Score, in order to provide a thermometer to analyze how close the student is or not to the dropout group. Preliminary results are promising, because when using KNN to create the Score, it was possible to develop a Score with the best result of hyperparameters found in the experiments.
Classificação Automática para Auxílio no Diagnóstico de Lesões de Pele Usando Deep Convolucional Neural Network com Modelos de Transfer Learning
Authors: Abreu Montagna Derick , Delcio Parreira Wemerson , Maria da Rocha Fernandes Anita , Luís Scaranto Dazzi Rudimar
Published: July 2022

In Brazil, skin cancer has become the most frequent neoplasmamong patients. This type of cancer, if detected early, increases the chances of cure. However, with the lack of health professionals qual-ified to perform this procedure, for example, in distant regions large urban centers, difficulties in early diagnosis process are recurring. Thus, a possible solution to this problem is the development of mod-els that allow classification for the diagnosis skin based on Deep Learning. Therefore, this work presents a model that can contributeto the diagnosis of types of skin devices in the HAM10000 dataset.The proposed model achieved a balanced accuracy of 74.50% witha set.
Classificação com SVM de sinais de EMG para implementação de próteses robóticas de baixo custo
Authors: Cesar Ruiz Batista Junior , Rodriguês Labarewski Diêgo , Coelho Borges Renata
Published: July 2022

People with amputation go through several challenges, many ofwhich are carried daily. The loss of functionality of the amputated limb can make some tasks difficult to perform, reducing their au-tonomy and quality of life. The use of robotic prostheses offers the possibility of returning elaborate movements that were previouslylost. Through sensors and motors, robotic prostheses are capableof performing user-controlled movements, allowing the partial orcomplete return of lost movements. This work presents the resultsobtained with a classifier trained with support vector machines forthe identification of movements through electromyography signals,obtained through non-invasive acquisition using surface electrodes.The results presented are part of several tests that will be carriedout for the development of a control system for low cost roboticprostheses. In this paper, an average of 85% accuracy was obtainedfor classifiers trained from 3 features extracted from the frequencydomain.
“O caminho delas”: jogos desplugados para fomentar o pensamento computacional entre meninas
Authors: Reis Vieira Santos Rauta Caroline , Reinhold Isabela , Tereza de Almeida Wippel Maria
Published: July 2022

Games can be a valuble tool for the teaching and learningprocess.This project aimed to develop board games based oncomputational thinking for girls between 8 and 11 years-old. Theunplugged approach was adopted in order to include students thatdo not have access to computers os the internet. Board games arealso easily replicable by teachers all over Brazil who desire toteach the pillars of computational thinking in their classrooms,meeting the 5th general competency pointed at Based NacionalComum Curricular (BNCC). A game was developed using onlinedesign tool Canva'for Education version. They were tested byvolunteers and, after adjustments, they were made availableonline through the project's website.
O RevisãoOnline: Plataforma on-line de apoio para a melhora da escrita de textos dissertativo-argumentativos
Authors: Carolina Barreto Linck Ana , Pacheco Signori Giovani , Leites da Silva Brenda , Albilia de Almeida Cleusa , Bigolin Marcio
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o sistemaRevisãoOnline. O software é uma plataforma on-line que temcomo finalidade promover o aprimoramento da escrita de seususuários a partir do uso das ferramentas de revisão e escrita detextos dissertativo-argumentativos, as quais estão disponíveis nosistema e contam com critérios avaliativos desenvolvidos combase nas cinco competências do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio(ENEM). O RevisãoOnline não pretende substituir a revisão de umprofessor, e sim estimular que o aluno aprenda a revisar melhore, consequentemente, aprimorar a escrita dos seus textos.
Test
Authors: Zhu Isabelle
Published: July 2022

n/a
Disciplina y profesión: ¿redundancia, escisión real o juego dialógico?
Authors: Gil Martorell Daniel
Published: July 2022

El autor, actualmente decano del Colegio Oficial de Trabajo Social de Madrid, reflexiona sobre la complejidad de la relación que se establece entre los profesionales del trabajo social implicados en la práctica del mismo y los académicos que han de hacer avanzar la dimensión teórica y aplicada de la disciplina. La propia biografía de Manuel Gil es un intento de síntesis entre ambos mundos, el de la práctica y el de la Universidad, desde la convicción compartida con el autor de este artículo de que es preciso dotar a la intervención profesional de mayor calidad, mediante una deontología bien afinada tal y como corresponde a una profesión liberal y obligatoriamente colegiada como vía para lograr una mayor dignificación de los profesionales del trabajo social y de las personas que solicitan sus servicios.
Todo pasa y todo queda, pero lo nuestro es…
Authors: Ariño Altuna Miren
Published: July 2022

«Todo pasa y todo queda, pero lo nuestro es ...» Bellas palabras de nuestro poeta del pueblo Antonio Machado. Con estos versos comienza mi contribución al homenaje a nuestro compañero Manuel Gil Parejo, Manolo que pasó haciendo caminos y puentes entre el trabajo social, los servicios sociales y nuestra sociedad multicolor con el anhelo de que fuera cada día más justa. Su legado nos acompaña y su recuerdo nos anima a continuar. Continuar trabajando, investigando, dialogando para lograr consensos entre diferentes, sin dejar a nadie en los márgenes. Investigar, reconociendo que «nadie sabe nada» que perseguir la gloria no significa ascender a codazos, como mucho, significa reconocer las palabras ajenas como anejas, vinculadas, aparejadas, cada quien las suyas, insustituibles. Que escucharlas significa hacerles un sitio. Que no hay traducción posible para el sentir y el pensar de las gentes con quienes deseamos trabajar y construir un mundo mejor.
Predictors and Prognostic Implications of Myocardial Injury After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Guney Murat Can , Keles Telat , Karaduman Bilge Duran , Ayhan Huseyin , Suygun Hakan , Kahyaoglu Muzaffer , Bozkurt Engin
Published: July 2022

Myocardial injury (MI) is not unusual after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). To determine precipitating factors and prognostic outcomes of MI after TAVR, we retrospectively investigated relationships between MI after TAVR and aortic root dimensions, baseline patient characteristics, echocardiographic findings, and procedural features.

Of 474 patients who underwent transfemoral TAVR for severe aortic stenosis in our tertiary center from June 2011 through June 2018, 188 (mean age, 77.7 ± 7.7 yr; 96 women [51%]) met the study inclusion criteria. Patients were divided into postprocedural MI (PMI) (n=74) and no-PMI (n=114) groups, in accordance with high-sensitivity troponin T levels.

We found that MI risk was associated with older age (odds ratio [OR]=1.054; 95% CI, 1.013–1.098; P=0.01), transcatheter heart valve type (OR=10.207; 95% CI, 2.861–36.463; P=0.001), distances from the aortic annulus to the right coronary artery ostium (OR=0.853; 95% CI, 0.731–0.995; P=0.04) and the left main coronary artery ostium (OR=0.747; 95% CI, 0.616–0.906; P=0.003), and baseline glomerular filtration rate (OR=0.985; 95% CI, 0.970–1.000; P=0.04). Moreover, the PMI group had a longer time to hospital discharge (P=0.001) and a higher permanent pacemaker implantation rate (P=0.04) than did the no-PMI group.

Our findings may enable better estimation of which patients are at higher risk of MI after TAVR and thus improve the planning and course of clinical care.
Migration and Identity in Nordic Literature
Authors: Humpál Martin , Březinová Helena , Dlask Jan , Stahr Radka , Schab Sylwia Izabela , Haarder Jon Helt , Gróndahl Satu , Broomans Pieternella
Published: July 2022

The book Migration and Identity in Nordic Literature focuses on migration as it has manifested itself in literature and culture in the nineteenth, twentieth and early twenty-first centuries in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. Since migration almost always leads to a disturbance of identity and creates a potential for conflicts between individuals, as well as between groups of people, the authors have chosen to examine the theme of migration in relation to the questions of identity, both national and individual. The present monograph therefore concentrates on such cases of disturbance, disruption and hybridization of identity, as they are represented in literary works linked to the European North. The book will be of interest to all readers who are interested in issues such as xenophobia, racism, nationalism, cosmopolitism, globalization, cultural transfer, cultural hybridity, multiculturalism and multilingualism.
The Impacts of Professional Skills, Attitude, Time Management and Work Experience on Job Performance: The Case of Mongolia
Authors: Bayasgalan Tsogtsuren , Nomin Batkhuu
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to analyze the requirements for the impacts of professional skills, professional attitude, work experience on job performance in entrepreneurships. There are many scholars studied the relationship factors on performance management in the world, but there are lack of study our topic in Mongolian private sector such as entrepreneurships.  Thus, we interested this topic in here. Performance management, job performance are involve  the process of all activities which occurs between an employer and an employee as support of accomplishing value, mission, vision and main objectives in the organization.  We collected from 146 employees who work in entrepreneur of Mongolia. The result of data determined through online in first quarter 2022. Our study from many others is we analyzed 4 hypotheses, one of them had a positive relationship with considered impacts. On the other hand, three hypotheses could not have positive relationship on considered impacts. Data was estimated by SPSS 21 and Smart PLS 2.0 statistic programs.
Study of Bellandur Lake Series and Mitigation of Further Damage
Authors: Verma Rinku , Venkatesh D. A. , Perodi Yusuf
Published: July 2022

Bellandur and Varthur lakes are two large lakes located in the East of Bangalore urban district. Varthur lake in Bangalore receives water from 9 lakes; together with Varthur Lake they form the Varthur Lake Series. Bellandur lake is one of these 9 lakes and is one of the largest lakes in Bangalore.  Bellandur Lake in turn receives water from 29+ lakes. During October-November 2017, 45 lake subseries of Varthur lake and Bellandur lake were visited, studied and recommendations were submitted to Karnataka Lake Conservation & Development Authority (KLCDA). The same is presented in this paper. In this study, the subseries of Varthur and Bellandur lakes are referred to as Varthur Bellandur Lake Series.
A note on large Kakeya sets
Authors: De Boeck Maarten , Van de Voorde Geertrui
Published: July 2022

A Kakeya set 𝓚 in an affine plane of order q is the point set covered by a set 𝓛 of q + 1 pairwise non-parallel lines. By Dover and Mellinger [6], Kakeya sets with size at least q
2 – 3q + 9 contain a large knot, i.e. a point of 𝓚 lying on many lines of 𝓛. We improve on this result by showing that Kakeya set of size at least ≈ q
2 – q
+
q contain a large knot, and we obtain a sharp result for planes containing a Baer subplane.
Default Behavior and Risk Aversion in Defined Contribution Retirement Systems: Evidence from Chile
Authors: Parada-Contzen Marcela
Published: July 2022

This paper studies the design of investment policies in defined contribution retirement systems. I estimate a dynamic system of correlated equations of lifecycle behavior that fully models the individual’s decision-making process to account for estimation biases. In the model, individuals make decisions that impact their retirement wealth within the Chilean retirement system. Behaviors are allowed to depend on risk preferences while modeling other sources of nonlinear unobserved heterogeneity. The estimated decision-making process allows us to simulate the effects of policy experiments (ex ante), such as defaulting individuals into riskier investment strategies or increasing contribution rates. The results indicate that individuals react by opting into safer plans despite their observed inertia and that increases in mandatory contributions generate little crowding out of other behaviors. Not modeling risk aversion and its endogeneity with behavior leads to substantial simulation biases.
Two-sided problem for the random walk with bounded maximal increment
Authors: Afanasyev Valeriy I.
Published: July 2022

We consider a random walk with zero drift and finite positive variance σ
2. For positive numbers y, z we find the limit as

n
→
∞

$n\rightarrow\infty$

of the probability that the first exit of the walk from interval

-
z
σ

n

,
y
σ

n

$\left(-z\sigma\sqrt{n}, y\sigma\sqrt{n}\right)$

occurs through its left end, while the maximum increment of the walk until the exit is smaller than

x
σ

n

$x\sigma\sqrt{n}$

, where x is a positive number. The limit theorem is established for the moment of the first exit of the walk from the indicated interval under the condition that this exit occurs through its left end and the value of the maximum walk increment is bounded.
Boolean analogues of the Pascal triangle with maximal possible number of ones
Authors: Malyshev Fedor M.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the paper is to find the maximal possible number ξ of units in Boolean triangular array Ts
formed by

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\frac{s(s+1)}{2}
\end{array}$

elements of the field GF(2) defined by the top row of s elements. Each element of each row except the top one is the sum (as in the Pascal’s triangle) of two elements of the above row. It is proved that ξ ⩽ ⌈

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\frac{s(s+1)}{3}
\end{array}$

⌉ and this value is attained only on triangles having the upper row as the Fibonacci series mod 2.
Some cardinality estimates for the set of correlation-immune Boolean functions
Authors: Karelina Ekaterina K.
Published: July 2022

Estimates for the cardinality of the set of correlation-immune n-ary Boolean functions with fixed weight are obtained.
Some families of closed classes in Pk
defined by additive formulas
Authors: Meshchaninov Dmitry G.
Published: July 2022

We analyse closed classes in k-valued logics containing all linear functions modulo k. The classes are determined by divisors d of a number k and canonical formulas for functions. We construct the lattice of all such classes for k = p
2, where p is a prime, and construct fragments of the lattice for other composite k.
Gattungswesen
Authors: Khurana Thomas
Published: July 2022

In which sense can human beings be conceived as social animals? To elucidate this question, the present paper (I) distinguishes the logical sociality of all living beings from the material sociality of social animals and the political sociality of self-conscious social animals. (II) The self-conscious political sociality that characterises the human genus-being requires a complex interplay of first and second person through which alone we can participate in our form of life and determine its content. (III) The human form of life thus constituted is characterised by a particularly open, and at the same time precarious, membership which involves specific forms of vulnerability and power. (IV) Against this background, forms of objective spirit are necessary which grant us a generalized recognition and relieve us from the contingency of each particular second-personal recognition, without abandoning the openness of the sociality of the human form of life. This double requirement has led to paradoxical institutions in modern society which strive to protect and ensure the sociality of the human form of life precisely by naturalising and individualising our access to it.
Esketamine–A quick-acting novel antidepressant without the disadvantages of ketamine
Authors: Shoib Sheikh , Kotra Madhulika , Javed Sana , Nguyen Vinh-Son , Malathesh Barikar C.
Published: July 2022

Esketamine, which is an S-enantiomer of ketamine, is better than conventional antidepressants and even better than R-ketamine. This article discusses the mechanism of action of Esketamine, how different it is from other antidepressants, its side effect profile, indications for use, various routes of administration and the review of existing literature on Esketamine.
Particulate sampling in the IMS radionuclide network of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
Authors: Medici F.
Published: July 2022

The radionuclide network of the IMS consists of 80 radionuclide stations monitoring radioactive airborne particulate. The air sampling systems at these stations require high technical standards regarding robustness, calibration and reliability. These systems are and will be deployed at locations where very different and often very harsh environmental conditions can dominate. An overview of sampling systems is given taking in consideration environmental and operational constraints. Because of lack of experience running radionuclide stations at the required standards, several issues are still open and need consideration for future installations and operation.
Technical methods employed for the On-Site Inspection
Authors: Takano M. , Krioutchenkov V.
Published: July 2022

In the paper, the technical methods to be used for the on-site inspection (OSI) are reviewed. The main purpose of the OSI is to find evidences of a nuclear explosion conducted anyplace in the world, however, the technical methods described in the paper might be employed for a suspected underground explosion. Various technical methods are described but they can be classified into two categories, namely, technical methods, 1) to identify fission products, and 2) to identify underground evidences. Fission products can be identified by conventional gamma spectrum analysis, however, for the OSI, radioactive Xe and Ar are important nuclides since they are supposed to leak to the ground surface even when the explosion is conducted in deep underground. The seismic and various other technical methods, which might be commonly used by mining industry, can identify the underground evidences, such as a cavity. However, these technical methods might be necessary to be verified to confirm the applicability and effectiveness to OSI objectives.
Nevanlinna theory for holomophic curves from annuli into semi-Abelian varieties
Authors: Quang Si Duc
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we prove a lemma on logarithmic derivative for holomorphic curves from annuli into Kähler compact manifolds. As its application, a second main theorem for holomophic curves from annuli into semi-Abelian varieties intersecting with only one divisor is given.
Notes on affine Killing and two-Killing vector fields
Authors: Wang Wenjie
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we investigate the geometry of affine Killing and two-Killing vector fields on Riemannian manifolds. More specifically, a new characterization of an Euclidean space via the affine Killing vector fields are given. Some conditions for an affine Killing and two-Killing vector field to be a conformal (homothetic) or Killing one are provided.
Crystal structure of poly[μ2-aqua-aqua-(μ2-1,3-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propane-κ2
N:N′)-(μ2-4,4′-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl)dibenzoato-κ2
O:O′)-(μ4-4,4′-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl)dibenzoato-κ5
O,O′:O″:O′″:O′″)dicobalt(II)] – water – dimethylformamide (1/1/1) C44H43N11O12Co2
Authors: Wang Qin , Gao Jia-Hao , Zhang Sheng-Rui , Gao Yan-Hong , Lu Jiu-Fu
Published: July 2022

C44H43N11O12Co2, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 10.7333(11) Å, b = 13.6796(11) Å, c = 16.751(2) Å, α = 113.982(2)°, β = 90.578(2)°, γ = 105.7310(10)°, V = 2142.7(4) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0460, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1015, T = 296(2) K.
Explaining ellipsis without identity*
Authors: Poppels Till
Published: July 2022

Ellipsis is a pervasive phenomenon across the world’s languages, and it is easy to see why: it allows speakers to omit certain parts of their utterances while nonetheless conveying their full meaning, which contributes to making linguistic communication highly efficient. While there is broad consensus that elliptical utterances depend on the context in some way, the nature of this dependency remains controversial. In this paper, I re-evaluate the merits of two classes of ellipsis theories: identity theories, which posit that material can be elided only if it is identical to a linguistic antecedent; and referential theories, which assume that ellipsis is enabled by the same underlying mechanism that governs other forms of discourse reference. I argue that both empirical and theoretical considerations favor referential theories in this comparison, and in doing so I outline new adequacy criteria for linguistic theories aimed at explaining the nature of the linguistic and non-linguistic context and how it interfaces with context-dependent linguistic devices.
Effects of Drop Jump Training from Different Heights and Weight Training on Vertical Jump and Maximum Strength Performance in Female Volleyball Players
Authors: Sotiropoulos Konstantinos , Smilios Ilias , Barzouka Karolina , Christou Marios , Bogdanis Gregory , Douda Helen , Tokmakidis Savvas P.
Published: July 2022

Sotiropoulos, K, Smilios, I, Barzouka, K, Christou, M, Bogdanis, G, Douda, H, and Tokmakidis, SP. Effects of drop jump training from different heights and weight training on vertical jump, maximum strength and change of direction performance in female volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 423–431, 2023—This study compared the effects of drop jump (DJ) training from different drop heights and weight training on vertical jump and maximum strength performance. Fifty-five female volleyball players (age: 23.8 ± 4.3 years) were randomly and equally allocated to a control group (volleyball training, CG); a volleyball and weight training group (WG); and 3 volleyball, weight, and drop jump training groups. One group performed DJ training from the optimal drop height, i.e., the height that elicited the highest ratio of jump height to contact time (OG), a second group from a drop height 25% higher than the optimal (HG), and a third group from a drop height 25% lower than the optimal (LG). Drop jump and weight training were performed 1–2 times per week, for 8 weeks for a total of 13 sessions. After training, vertical jump performance improved by 3.6–17.4% (p < 0.05; effect size [ES]: 1.03–1.23) in the OG and the HG compared with the LG, WG, and CG (p < 0.05; ES: 0.03–0.58). Drop jump height from drop heights 20–70 cm increased by 10.0–20.2% (p < 0.05; ES: 0.59–1.13) for the OG and the HG, while reactive strength index increased (p < 0.05; ES: 0.74–1.40) by 19.6–33.9% only in the HG compared with the CG. Half-squat maximum strength was increased in all experimental groups by 17.4–19% compared with the CG (p < 0.05) with no differences (p > 0.05) observed among them. The use of the optimal height or a moderately higher drop height by 25% for DJ training, combined with weight training, seems to be the most beneficial option to improve vertical jump and reactive strength index in female volleyball players.
Does External Load Reflect Acute Neuromuscular Fatigue and Rating of Perceived Exertion in Elite Young Soccer Players?
Authors: Martínez-Serrano Antonio , Freitas Tomás T. , Franquesa Xavi , Enrich Edgar , Mallol Milos , Alcaraz Pedro E.
Published: July 2022

Martínez-Serrano, A, Freitas, TT, Franquesa, X, Enrich, E, Mallol, M, and Alcaraz, PE. Does external load reflect acute neuromuscular fatigue and rating of perceived exertion in elite young soccer players? J Strength Cond Res 37(3): e1–e7, 2023—This study aimed to analyze the acute and residual effects of increased high-speed running (HSR) demands during an in-season training microcycle in young elite soccer players on localized neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) of the knee extensors (KE), posterior chain muscles, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Thirty-four elite young soccer players (age = 17.1 ± 0.8 years) were assessed in 2 consecutive days at different time points (baseline, POST-activation gym-based session, POST–small-sided game [SSG], POST-training 1 [TR1], POST-6H, POST-24H, POST-preventive gym-based session, and POST-training 2 [TR2]). Neuromuscular fatigue of the KE and posterior chain muscles was measured with a maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). External (total distance, number of accelerations or decelerations, and HSR distance) and internal (RPE) load was assessed during the SSG, TR1, and TR2 sessions. Players were divided through a median split, into “HIGH” or “LOW” group according to the training demands. The alpha level was set at p ≤ 0.05. A 2-way mixed effects model ANOVA showed a significant decreased in 90:20 MVIC after TR1 in the “HIGH” HSR group (p = 0.037; effect size [ES] = 0.45). No significant differences in RPE were found after TR1 (p = 0.637; ES = 0.58) and TR2 (p = 0.109; ES = 0.62) when comparing the “HIGH” HSR group with the “LOW” HSR group. Assessing player's force production capabilities can be an effective strategy to detect NMF when HSR demands are acutely increased. Special caution should be taken when prescribing the training load of the training session based solely on RPE, as NMF might be present.
Cardiovascular risk in Danish transgender persons: a matched historical cohort study
Authors: Glintborg Dorte , Rubin Katrine Hass , Petersen Tanja Gram , Lidegaard Øjvind , T’Sjoen Guy , Hilden Malene , Andersen Marianne Skovsager
Published: July 2022

Background

Cardiovascular risk could be increased in transgender persons, but the mechanism is undetermined.

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in Danish transgender persons compared to controls.

Methods

The study design was a historical register-based cohort study in Danish transgenders and age-matched controls. The main outcome measure was cardiovascular diagnosis (any CVD) including medicine prescriptions for CVD during 2000–2018. The transgender cohort (n = 2671) included persons with International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis code of ‘gender identity disorder’ (n = 1583) and persons with legal sex change (n = 1088), 1270 were assigned female at birth (AFAB) and 1401 were assigned male at birth (AMAB). Controls (n = 26 710) were matched by age (n = 5 controls of same and n  = 5 controls of other birth sex) of the respective transgender.

Results

The median (interquartile range) age at study inclusion was 22 (18; 29) years for AFAB and 26 (21; 39) years for AMAB. The mean (s.d.) follow-up time was 4.5 (4.2) years for AFAB and 5.7 (4.8) years for AMAB. The hazard ratio (HR) for any CVD was significantly higher in transgenders vs controls of same and other birth sex, with highest adjusted HR in transgenders AFAB vs control men: 2.20 (95% CI: 1.64;2.95), P < 0.001. Gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) explained part of elevated risk of CVD in transgenders AFAB, whereas GAHT did not contribute to the elevated risk of CVD in transgenders AMAB.

Conclusions

The risk of cardiovascular diagnosis was increased in transgenders. The mechanism should be further investigated.
Prospecção in silico de produtos naturais inibidores da enzima de replicação viral NS5 RDRP do vírus do Nilo Ocidental
Authors: Da Silva Tales Natan Freitas , Oliveira Natalia Raquel Silva , Farias Henriqueta Monalisa , Nóbrega Franklin Ferreira de Farias , Maia Rafael Trindade
Published: July 2022

O VNO (Vírus do Nilo Ocidental) é um flavivírus agente etiológico da zoonose Febre do Nilo Ocidental. É transmitido por mosquitos do gênero Culex, e as aves são os principais reservatórios do vírus. Essa virose é responsável por uma encefalite que nos casos mais graves pode acarretar sequelas permanentes e chegar ao óbito. No ano de 2014 foi registrado o primeiro caso de infecção pelo vírus do Nilo Ocidental em humanos em território nacional, comprovando que o vírus já circula no nosso país. Ainda não existe vacina ou medicamentos específicos contra o VNO e o combate à doença é focado no monitoramento dos reservatórios (aves e animais domésticos), combate ao inseto vetor e tratamento paliativo dos acometidos. Neste contexto, essa proposta de pesquisa tem como objetivo selecionar compostos que possam ser utilizados como fármacos antivirais, utilizando como molécula alvo a proteína de replicação viral NS5.
Palavras-chave: Flavivírus; produtos naturais; bioinformática; docking.
Syndrome of muscle weakness and myalgia in pediatric practice on clinical examples
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Oshlyanska O.A. ,   SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv, Artsymovych A.G. ,   Shupyk National University of Healthcare of Ukraine, Kyiv,   SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv, Nadtochiy T.G. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.М. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: July 2022

The article presents data on the main causes of muscle weakness in children and discusses the clinical features of diseases that may be accompanied by muscle weakness. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities of differential diagnosis of muscle weakness syndrome in children through the use of various methods of examination. The algorithm of differential diagnostic search at muscular weakness is offered. The possibility of its application in pediatric practice is demonstrated on clinical examples. Despite certain common features in the onset of the disease in the presented cases, a detailed examination makes it possible to distinguish between congenital and acquired causes of muscle damage and refer the patient for appropriate treatment. It should be noted that muscle weakness is a fairly common symptom in a child. More often it is not associated with damage to the muscles themselves. The causes of chronic weakness differ significantly in children of all ages. In a child with clinical signs of muscle weakness, it is necessary to conduct a thorough examination, aimed primarily at excluding various serious diseases. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors. Key words: children, muscle weakness, differential diagnosis.
Level of cardiovascular adaptations in children with the different types of syncope
Authors:   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Kovalchuk T.A. , Luchyshyn N.Yu. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

changes which in turn depend on the basic level of functional capabilities of the cardiovascular system and its adaptation mechanisms that determine the intensity and duration of adaptive responses. Purpose - to determine the level of cardiovascular adaptations in children with syncope; to assess their relationship with some clinical, anamnestic and instrumental parameters. Materials and methods. A total of 81 children with vasovagal syncope, 25 with syncope due to orthostatic hypotension, 19 with cardiogenic syncope (aged 8-17 years) were included in our study. The control group included 41 healthy children. All patients underwent a clinical and functional examination of the cardiovascular system to determine the level of its adaptative mechanisms. Results. Children with vasovagal syncope and syncope due to orthostatic hypotension had significantly higher values of cardiac output and systolic blood volume compared to control group (p<0.05), which indicated the intensity of pumping ability of the heart. Children with syncope due to orthostatic hypotension had marked decrease in the efficiency of the heart muscle, as low values of left ventricular rate, circulatory efficiency and cardiac index compared with healthy individuals (p<0.05), as well as the trend to economize hemodynamic responses, as indicated by a significant difference between the values of the Robinson index, a decreased systolic index and the index of functional changes compared with those without syncope (p<0.05). Children with cardiogenic syncope had a significantly reduced the circulatory efficiency coefficient (p<0.05). Significant correlations were detected between the parameters of a series of integrative indicators of the adaptive mechanisms of the cardiovascular system and anamnestic, clinical, and the reports of instrumental studies in children with syncope. Conclusions. Despite the fact that children with syncope of various types had normal values for most cardiovascular indicators at rest, the tension of pumping capacity of the heart was detected, the efficiency of the cardiac muscle and circulatory efficiency were reduced, which are signs of reduced compensatory responses in children of the study groups determined. The results of the study confirm the close combination of pathogenetic mechanisms of syncope with a decrease in the adaptive mechanisms of the cardiovascular system of this category of patients. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institutions mentioned in the work. Informed consent of the children’s parents was obtained for the research. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors. Key words: children, syncope, cardiovascular adaptations.
Significance of determination of kidney of tubular biomarker KIM-1 in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors:   Dnipro State Medical University, Ukraine, Borуsova T.P. , Samsonenko S.V. ,   Dnipro State Medical University, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

Renal tubular lesions play an important role in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). There has been only one cohort retrospective study of the prevalence of CКD in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Therefore, early diagnosis of kidney damage using renal biomarkers is important. Purpose - to determine the frequency and risk factors for the development of structural tubular lesions by studying the level of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in the urine of children with JIA, depending on the characteristics of the clinical course of the disease, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Materials and methods. 80 children from JIA were examined. To measure the marker KIM-1 in urine samples, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used. Results. The indicator of the urinary marker KIM-1 in the examined children was 0.997±0.1662 (0.98; 0.90-1.12) ng/ml. High activity of JIA affects the level of urinary KIM-1 - among children with high activity of the disease, 20% had a high level of KIM-1. Involvement of ≥6 joints almost 3-fold increased the in CIdence of elevated urinary KIM-1 levels (OR=5.00; 95% CI: 1.65-15.15; p<0.006). Risk factors for structural tubular kidney lesions in children with JIA were identified: high JIA activity (OR=7.25; 95% CI: 1.22-43.22; p<0.04), arthritis ≥6 joints (OR=5.00; 95% CI: 1.65-15.15; p<0.006), arthritis of the small joints of the hands (OR=4.85; 95% CI: 1.39-16.87; p<0.02), arthritis of the wrist joints (OR=3.78; 95% CI: 1.21-11.83; p<0.03), arthritis of the hip joints (OR=10.41; 95% CI: 1.02-106.7; p<0.05). The level of urinary biomarker KIM-1 was negatively affected by long-term use of NSAIDs (ρ=0.60, p<0.004). An increased level of KIM-1 in urine is associated with hypertension (OR=12.43; 95% CI: 2.26-68.27; p<0.003) and reduced Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) according to the Hoek formula (OR=15.58; 95% CI: 4.02-60.36; p<0.001), which suggests the presence of CKD in children with JIA as a result of tubular lesions. Conclusions. Structural damage of the renal tubules, which was established by studying the biomarker KIM-1 in the urine and the relationship with reduced eGFR according to the Hoek formula, suggests the presence of CKD in children with JIA as a result of tubular lesions. Urine KIM-1 testing should be included in the JIA screening plan for early diagnosis of renal disease. The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution specified in the work. Informed consent was obtained from the parents of the children for the research. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Key words: juvenile idiopathic arthritis, tubular biomarker KIM-1, children.