bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTIMASI STOK KARBON PADA PADANG LAMUN DI PERAIRAN DESA TANJUNG SUNGKAI KABUPATEN KOTABARU PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Agustiana Tiara Arum , Nursalam Nursalam , Lestarina Putri Mudhlika
Published: February 2024

Ekostistem lamun memiliki peran dalam penyerapan karbon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air, kerapatan, biomassa dan stok karbon lamun. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan Desa Tanjung Sungkai, Kabupaten Kotabaru Provinsi Kalimatan Selatan.  Lamun yang didapat di perairan Desa Tanjung Sungkai berjumlah 7 spesies antara lain Cymodecea rotundata, Cymodecea serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Halodule uninervis, Syringodium isoetifolium dan Thalasia hemprichii. Stok karbon dianalisis dengan metode Loss On Ignition (LOI). Nilai biomassa yang tersimpan pada bagian atas substrat berkisar 1,20 – 222,64 gbk/m2, sedangkan nilai biomassa yang tersimpan pada bagian bawah substrat berkisar 393,81 – 1,84 gbk/m2. Total stok karbon lamun di perairan Desa Tanjung Sungkai adalah sebesar 517,32 Mg C/ha. Total stok karbon pada bagian atas substrat sebesar 293,12 Mg C/ha, sedangkan total stok karbon pada bagian bawah substrat yakni 224,04 Mg C/ha.
ESTIMASI SERAPAN GAS CO2 TERHADAP TUTUPAN LAHAN MANGROVE MENGGUNAKAN DATA PENGINDERAAN JAUH DI WILAYAH PT ARUTMIN TAMBANG KINTAP DESA MEKARSARI KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Khadafi Faraluna Putri , Syahdan Muhammad , Tony Frans
Published: February 2024

Keberadaan ekosistem mangrove di wilayah penelitian berkontribusi sebagai penyerap dan penyimpan karbon (C) terutama dalam menyerap CO2 dalam upaya mitigasi perubahan iklim (global climate change). Untuk mengetahui tutupan luas lahan mangrove pada suatu wilayah dapat dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi tutupan lahan mangrove menggunakan teknologi penginderaan jauh, sehingga memberikan kemudahan dalam pemantauan tutupan lahan dan perhitungan kemampuan penyerapan gas CO2 di atmosfer. Perhitungan serapan gas CO2 di wilayah penelitian memiliki hasil rata-rata sebesar 2,1913 ton CO2/ha dengan kisaran nilai antara 0,35 ton/ha – 7,59 ton/ha, nilai tersebut di kalikan dengan luas tutupan lahan mangrove yang sebelumnya telah dihitung menggunakan citra SPOT 7 PMS ORT, sehingga dapat diketahui kemampuan luas tutupan mangrove terhadap penyerapan CO2 di wilayah penelitian yaitu sebesar 28,9254 ton CO2/ha dengan luas tutupan lahan ekosistem mangrove yaitu 13,2 ha, hasil estimasi serapan gas CO2 di wilayah penelitian tersebut dikategorikan tergolong baik, sehingga pada ekosistem mangrove di lokasi penelitian mampu berkontribusi dalam upaya mitigasi perubahan iklim global (global climate change).
PEMETAAN PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI MENGUNAKAN CITRA QUICKBIRD DAN PENGUKURAN TERESTRIS DI PANTAI TAKISUNG KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT
Authors: Setiawan Iwan Dwi , Baharuddin Baharuddin , Yuliyanto Yuliyanto
Published: February 2024

Wilayah Pantai Takisung pada dasarnya senantiasa mengalami proses penyesuaian yang terus menerus menuju keseimbangan alami terhadap dampak dari pengaruh eksternal dan internal baik alami maupun pengaruh campur tangan manusia. Wilayah ini mendapat pengaruh dari Laut Jawa dan Sungai Barito serta input suplai sedimen sungai-sungai yang bermuara di sepanjang pesisir Takisung sehingga berdampak terhadap keseimbangan pantai pada berbagai elevasi garis pantai.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan perubahan garis pantai berdasarkan referensi pasang surut HAT, MSL dan LAT di Pantai Takisung menggunakan metode penginderaan jauh dengan citra satelit Quickbird tahun 2012 dan 2016 serta hasil pengukuran terestrial (batimetri dan topografi) dan drone tahun 2020. Perubahan garis pantai HAT 2012 – 2020 Pantai Takisung mengalami abrasi sebesar 3,67 ha dan sedimentasi sebesar 2,34 ha. Perubahan garis pantai MSL Pantai Takisung 2012 – 2020 mengalami abrasi sebesar 6,38 dan sedimentasi sebesar 3,15 ha. Sedangkan Perubahan garis pantai LAT Pantai Takisung 2012 – 2020 mengalami abrasi sebesar 5,41 ha dan sedimentasi sebesar 1,58 ha. Perubahan garis pantai ini dominan terjadi dikeranakan adanya pembangunan bangunan pantai berupa breakwater dan jetty pada tahun 2016 dan 2020.
LAJU DEKOMPOSISI SERASAH Avicennia marina DI DESA PAGATAN BESAR KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Prasasti Kemala Paramita , Salim Dafiuddin , Lestarina Putri Mudhlika
Published: February 2024

Serasah yang dihasilkan oleh mangrove memiliki peran dalam menyumbangkan bahan organik sebagai mata rantai utama dalam jaring-jaring makanan pada ekosistem mangrove. Serasah tersebut akan terdekomposisi oleh dekomposer agar dapat dimanfaatkan oleh organisme yang berada dibawah tegakan pohon mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas dan laju dekomposisi serta unsur hara yang terkandung pada serasah Avicennia marina, mengetahui persentase tutupan kanopi mangrove dan menganalisis hubungan laju dekomposisi dengan tutupan kanopi mangrove di Desa Pagatan Besar. Litter trap merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menyaring guguran serasah daun Avicennia marina, sedangkan untuk mengetahui persentase tutupan kanopi mangrove menggunakan metode Hemispherical Photography. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa produktivitas serasah daun Avicennia marina tertinggi berada di stasiun 1, sedangkan pada 15 hari pertama merupakan laju dekomposisi tertinggi pada masing-masing stasiun. Adapun kandungan unsur hara C lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan N dan P. Status ekosistem mangrove di Desa Pagatan Besar dilihat dari tutupan kanopi termasuk baik dengan kategori sedang. Hubungan tutupan kanopi mangrove dengan laju dekomposisi menunjukkan hasil korelasi yang cukup lemah.
KLASIFIKASI SUBSTRAT DASAR HABITAT BENTIK MENGGUNAKAN CITRA SATELIT SENTINEL-2 DI PULAU DENAWAN KABUPATEN KOTABARU
Authors: Risman Risman , Syahdan Muhammad , Tony Frans
Published: February 2024

Habitat bentik pada perairan dangkal di daerah tropis didominasi oleh substrat lumpur, pasir, pecahan karang, batu, alga, karang mati, karang lunak, karang keras dan lamun. Beberapa fungsi habitat bentik diantaranya sebagai tempat mencari makan, bertelur dan berpijah biota laut, pelindung pantai dari gelombang, menyerap karbon, serta sebagai tempat pariwisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan klasifikasi substrat dasar habitat bentik di Pulau Denawan mengguanakan data citra Sentinel-2B dengan metode Object Based Image Analysis dan data lapangan berupa persentase tutupan substrat dasar menggunakan metode Rapid Reef Inventory yang diklasifikasikan dengan metode Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat 4 kelas dominan penyususn habitat bentik di Pulau Denawan yaitu kelas campuran (rubble, sand dan dead coral alga) dengan luasan 20,49 Ha; makro alga 7,53 Ha; dead coral 7,23 Ha; hard coral 23,53 Ha. Nilai total akurasi yang dihasilkan yaitu 90,48%.
ANALISIS INDEKS KESESUAIAN WISATA DAN DAYA DUKUNG KAWASAN EKOWISATA MANGROVE DI DESA PAGATAN BESAR KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Syafira Az Zahra Khusnul , Tony Frans , Lestarina Putri Mudhlika
Published: February 2024

Desa Pagatan Besar adalah Desa yang terletak di Kecamatan Takisung, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Desa Pagatan Besar memiliki kawasan ekosistem mangrove yang tersebar sepanjang pesisir dan telah dikembangkan menjadi sebuah kawasan Ekowisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai Indeks Kesesuaian Wisata (IKW) dan Daya Dukung Kawasan (DDK) Ekowisata Mangrove Desa Pagatan Besar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2022 hingga Mei 2022. Penentuan lokasi sampling yaitu menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan 3 stasiun pengamatan dan 3 sub-stasiun. Pengambilan data berupa data vegetasi mangrove (meliputi jenis mangrove, ketebalan mangrove dan kerapatan mangrove), data kualitas air (meliputi Suhu, pH dan Salinitas), data pasang surut dan data aksesbilitas. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Ekowisata Mangrove Desa Pagatan Besar memiliki nilai Indeks Kesesuaian Wisata sebesar 79.31% pada stasiun 1, 83.91% pada stasiun 2 dan 74.71% pada stasiun 3. Rata-rata dari total nilai Indeks Kesesuaian Wisata pada ketiga stasiun tersebut adalah 79.31% dan termasuk kedalam kategori Sangat Sesuai (S1). Sedangkan Daya Dukung Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove di Desa Pagatan Besar memiliki nilai total 339 Orang dengan luas area yang bisa dimanfaatkan sebesar 1.293m2 sehingga Ekowisata Mangrove Desa Pagatan Besar masih dapat menampung pengunjung lebih banyak lagi dengan tetap menjaga kelestarian alam
ANALISIS STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKROALGA DI PERAIRAN BAGIAN BARAT TELUK TAMIANG, KABUPATEN KOTABARU, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Mubarok M Sauqi , Rifa'i Muhammad Ahsin , Syahdan Muhammad , Tony Frans
Published: February 2024

Teluk Tamiang merupakan salah satu perairan teluk yang memiliki keanekaragaman sumberdaya alam yang melimpah salah satunya yaitu makroalga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana komposisi jenis, pola sebaran, dan hubungan faktor lingkungan dengan keberadaan makroalga di perairan bagian barat Teluk Tamiang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2022 hingga Mei 2022. Penentuan lokasi sampling yaitu menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan 3 stasiun pengamatan dan 3 sub-stasiun. Pengambilan data berupa data makroalga (meliputi jenis, kepadatan, kepadatan relatif, keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dominansi, dan pola sebaran), data kualitas air (meliputi suhu, substrat, kecepatan arus, kedalaman, kecerahan, fosfat, nitrat, salinitas, pH air, dan Do), Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 6 jenis yaitu Caulerpa racemosa,Halimeda tuna, Padina australis, Sargassum oligocystum, Eucheuma cottoni, dan Amphiroa fragillissima. Kepadatan tertinggi dari jenis Caulerpa racemosa dan yang terendah dari Eucheuma cottonii, pada setiap stasiun pengamatan Indeks keanekaragaman cenderung rendah, keseragaman cenderung tinggi, dan dominansi cenderung rendah. Pola sebaran makroalga teratur, acak, dan mengelompok. Hanya parameter nitrat dan fosfat melebihi ambang batas baku mutu namun hal ini masih bisa ditoleransi oleh makroalga untuk hidup. Menurut hasil analisis PCA kepadatan makroalga berkorelasi positif terhadap kecepatan arus, salinitas, do suhu, dan ph.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN MIKROPLASTIK PADA IKAN PELAGIS DAN DEMERSAL YANG DIDARATKAN DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN BANJAR RAYA BANJARMASIN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Amin Muhammad Faisal , Syahdan Muhammad , Yuliyanto Yuliyanto
Published: February 2024

Manfaat penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jumlah partikel, karakteristik yang meliputi bentuk dan warna mikroplastik dan mengetahui hubungan perbedaan jumlah partikel mikroplastik ikan pelagis dan ikan demersal, selain itu juga dapat mengetahui hubungan jumlah partikel mikroplastik dengan berat organ, bobot, dan panjang tubuh ikan pelagis dan demersal. Penentuan lokasi sampling menggunakan metode simple random sampling dengan mengumpulkan sampel ikan dari nelayan yang mendaratkan ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah partikel mikroplastik pada ikan pelagis sebanyak 250 partikel dengan rata-rata 8,3 partikel/individu. Sedangkan pada ikan demersal berjumlah 152 partikel dengan rata-rata 5,07 partikel/individu, tingkat pencemaran mikroplastik tergolong sedang. Karakteristik bentuk mikroplastik yaitu fiber, film dan fragmen dengan film mendominasi seluruh sampel. Karakteristik warna dominan mikroplastik secara berurutan didominasi oleh warna transparan, hitam, merah dan biru. Hubungan perbedaan jumlah mikroplastik pada ikan pelagis dan demersal menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan.  Adapun Hubungan pengaruh jumlah mikroplastik dengan berat organ, bobot dan panjang tubuh ikan diketahui tidak terdapat pengaruh hubungan yang signifikan.
VARIASI FASE PENYEBARAN KLOROFIL-A BERDASARKAN POLA PERGERAKAN ARUS DAN HUBUNGANYA TERHADAP TANGKAPAN YANG DIPEROLEH IKAN PELAGIS KECIL DI LAUT JAWA
Authors: Setiawan Bagus , Syahdan Muhammad , Dewi Ira Puspita
Published: February 2024

Penelitian yang dilakukan di perairan Laut Jawa ini berlangsung selama periode Bulan Desember 2017 hingga Bulan Mei 2022 dengan tujuan untuk memahami hubungan antara pola pergerakan arus dan penyebaran klorofil-a kepada ikan pelagis kecil yang diperoleh. Penelitian tersebut menggunakan data klorofil-a dari citra satelit Aqua MODIS, data arus dari citra satelit Altimetri, dan data Tangkapan yang Diperoleh Ikan pelagis kecil dari Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Bajomulyo. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa klorofil-a memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap tangkapan ikan pelagis kecil, dengan variasi fase yang memengaruhi distribusi ikan pada perairan tersebut. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan jika penyebaran klorofil-a di Laut Jawa mengalami perubahan fase. Fase barat memiliki konsentrasi tinggi klorofil-a, terutama di sepanjang pesisir Pulau Kalimantan dan Jawa, disebabkan oleh naiknya nutrien ke permukaan laut. Fase peralihan I juga menunjukkan fluktuasi konsentrasi klorofil-a, tetapi cenderung lebih rendah pada laut dalam. Fase timur mempunyai konsentrasi klorofil-a yang lebih sedikit daripada fase barat. Pada fase peralihan II, konsentrasi klorofil-a fluktuatif dan rendah, terutama di sekitar Pulau Kalimantan dan Laut Jawa. Pola pergerakan arus di Laut Jawa juga bervariasi sepanjang tahun. Fase barat ditandai dengan arus yang mengarah ke Laut Jawa dari Laut Natuna dengan kecepatan yang berubah-ubah. Fase peralihan I memiliki arus yang mengarah ke tenggara dengan konsentrasi klorofil-a yang stabil. Fase timur menghasilkan arus ke arah barat daya dan barat laut, mempengaruhi aliran arus di Laut Jawa. Di fase peralihan II, terjadi perubahan arah arus di sepanjang pesisir Pulau Kalimantan dan Laut Jawa. Klorofil-a di Laut Jawa memiliki pengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap Tangkapan yang Diperoleh Ikan pelagis kecil. Klorofil-a yang tinggi kadang-kadang mendorong pertumbuhan makanan ikan, tetapi faktor lain seperti fase , lingkungan, dan dinamika perairan juga memengaruhi Tangkapan yang Diperoleh Ikan.
KONDISI DAN IDENTIFIKASI PENYAKIT KARANG DI KARANG BAGUSUNG, KARANG LOLA DAN KARANG MANGKOK PADA TAMAN WISATA PERAIRAN SUNGAI LOBAN KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU
Authors: Anjani Arrum Puspita , Nursalam Nursalam , Yuliyanto Yuliyanto , Dewi Ira Puspita
Published: February 2024

AbstrakTWP Sungai Loban merupakan salah satu daerah konservasi perairan di wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan dengan ekosistem terumbu karang yang luas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kondisi terumbu karang, termasuk tutupan karang, identifikasi penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan karang, prevalensi penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan karang serta faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kerusakan ekosistem terumbu karang di daerah tersebut. Kondisi Tutupan Karang menggunakan metode Point Intercept Transect (PIT) dengan bentang transek 50 m x 2. Pengambilan data penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan karang di semua stasiun menggunakan metode transek sabuk (belt transek) 2 x 50 m yang dibantu dengan transek kuadran 1 x 1 m dengan 5 sub-plot pada kedalaman 3 – 5 m. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi tutupan karang berada dalam kategori sedang (25 – 44,9%) hingga baik (50% – 74,9%) menurut KEPMEN LH No.4 Tahun 2001. Ditemukan 5 jenis penyakit yang meliputi Gigitan ikan (Fish Bites), Black Band Disease, White Plague, White Syndome dan Yellow Band Disease. Sedangkan untuk jenis gangguan kesehatan karang ditemukan 4 jenis, yaitu Growth Anomalies (tumor), Pertumbuhan Alga Berlebih, Sedimentasi, dan Respon Pigmentasi dengan total keseluruhan prevalensi yang paling tinggi adalah pada Stasiun 1 sebesar 80%, kemudian Stasiun 2 sebesar 61% dan terendah pada Stasiun 3 sebesar 58%. Faktor lingkungan yang berkontribusi terhadap penyakit karang melibatkan faktor abiotik seperti kenaikan temperatur, sedimentasi, sinar ultraviolet, bahan kimia dari kegiatan budidaya. Sementara itu faktor biotik seperti bakteri, virus, jamur, protozoa, cacing dan arthropoda juga berperan dalam terjadinya penyakit karang.
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS DAN KARAKTERISTIK SAMPAH LAUT (MARINE DEBRIS) DI PANTAI TAKISUNG PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Kurniawan Ade Dwi , Nursalam Nursalam , Yuliyanto Yuliyanto
Published: February 2024

Sampah laut atau dikenal juga sebagai Marine Debris merujuk pada materi padat yang bertahan lama, dihasilkan atau diproses, yang sengaja atau tidak sengaja dibuang atau ditinggalkan di lingkungan laut. Penelitian mengenai identifikasi sampah laut ini menggunakan metode transek yang difokuskan pada daerah pesisir Pantai Takisung di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Tiap stasiun memiliki panjang 100 meter yang kemudian dibagi menjadi 5 jalur dengan jarak 20 meter masing-masing. Sampah laut diambil secara acak dari 5 sub-transek saat kondisi air mencapai surut terendah. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis sampah yang paling umum di lokasi penelitian adalah plastik, dan dari segi ukuran sampah laut dengan tipe ukuran Macro-debris mendominasi.
PENGARUH SUBSTRAT BUATAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN ANGGUR LAUT (Caulerpa racemosa) PADA SISTEM RESIRKULASI AIR LAUT BUATAN
Authors: Fuady Arafa , Rifa'i Muhammad Ahsin , Hamdani Hamdani , Tony Frans
Published: February 2024

Teluk Tamiang memiliki potensi sebagai penghasil Rumput laut, akan tetapi penerapan teknologi dalam peningkatan produksi mengalami hambatan dengan dugaan faktor musim dan parameter kualitas air yang tidak optimal bagi pertumbuhannya hingga pengaruh penyakit white spot. Meninjau hal tersebut maka perlu adanya penerapan teknologi yang efektif dalam mencegah hambatan produksi dengan pemberian perlakuan media tanam substrat buatan terhadap pertumbuhan Rumput laut jenis Caulerpa racemosa yang tersedia di perairan Teluk Tamiang sebagai komoditas alternatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh media tanam buatan substrat pecahan karang (SK.) dan substrat kuadran jaring plastik (SJ.) dengan 4 (kali) kali ulangan terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak, pertumbuhan harian relatif, sintasan serta mendeskripsikan kondisi parameter kualitas air laut buatan pada sistem resirkulasi dibak sistem tertutup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian perlakuan kedua substrat buatan tidak mendapatkan penambahan bobot basah Caulerpa racemosa dan secara umum tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan. Pada pertumbuhan mutlak dengan nilai data SK.-48,25±3,5 g dan SJ.-49,75±0,5 g dan pertumbuhan harian relatif dengan nilai SK.    -3,22±0,23% dan SJ.-3,32±0,03% serta tingkat sintasan biota uji pada SK. 7,5% dan SJ. 2,5%. Kondisi parameter kualitas air dapat dikontrol dan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan hidup Caulerpa racemosa.
ANALISIS KELIMPAHAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN BIVALVIA SERTA HUBUNGANNYA TERHADAP KERAPATAN MANGROVE DI PESISIR DESA TABANIO KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Ambarwati Indah Widya , Tony Frans , Yuliyanto Yuliyanto
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pesisir Desa Tabanio Kabupaten Tanah Laut Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengkaji kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman bivalvia serta hubungannya dengan kerapatan mangrove di lokasi penelitian tersebut. Kelimpahan bivalvia berbeda di tiga stasiun dengan indeks keanekaragaman sedang. Jenis bivalvia termasuk Glauconome virens, Anadara granosa, Pharella acutidens, Placamen chloroticum, Anadara ehrenbergi, dan Paphia amabilis. Kerapatan mangrove juga berbeda di tiga stasiun, dengan tingkat kerapatan sangat padat, sedang, dan jarang. Jenis mangrove mencakup Avicennia alba, Rhizophora mucronata, Nypa fruiticans, Sonneratia alba, dan Sonneratia caseolaris. Hubungan antara kelimpahan bivalvia dan kerapatan mangrove memiliki koefisien korelasi rendah (r = 0,3648).
REB’s Statistical Series: Surveys of Industrial Enterprises
Authors: Aukutsionek S. , Batyaeva A. , Demina N. , Egorov A. , Matveev A.
Published: February 2024

Industrial indexes of the Russian Economic Barometer cover a wide range of economic indicators of Russia’s industrial enterprises. The article presents the basic statistical data collected on a monthly, quarterly and semi-annual base by the Russian Economic Barometer through direct surveys of industrial enterprises’ managers. Regular extension of rows allows to consider the dynamics of more than 100 series of indicators, to conduct a comparative analysis of data collected since 1991.
PENDEKATAN ALGORITMA YOLO V5 UNTUK MENDETEKSI CACAT PRODUK MASKER
Authors: Arvio Yozika , Kusuma Dine Tiara , Sangadji Iriansyah BM
Published: February 2024

Perkembangan teknologi di era revolusi industri sangatlah pesat akibat ketatnya persaingan antar industri untuk meningkatkan kualitas produknya. Dalam 2 tahun terakhir produksi alat medis terutama masker mengalami peningkatan yang sangat pesat akibat pandemi COVID 19. Dengan besarnya produksi harus di imbangi dengan proses qualiy control yang efektif untuk menjaga kualitas produk masker. Dalam produksi masker sering ditemui masker yang cacat terutama tali putus. Hal tersebut diakibatkan oleh keterbatasan kemampuan operator quality control yang terbatas. Hal tersebut dapat di Atasi dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yaitu image processing dengan metode Only Look Once (YOLO) v5. Metode ini akan membagi gambar menjadi beberapa wilayah untuk dideteksi atau biasa di sebut repurpose classifier sehingga masker dapat dideteksi apakah cacat atau tidak sehingga dapat meminimalisir masker yang cacat ikut terjual. Berdasar penelitian ini diperoleh bobot YOLOv5 dengan nilai mAP (Mean Average Precision) sebesar 0.92 dan seluruh objek masker dapat dideteksi dengan baik dengan tingkat ketelitian mencapai 97.1%. Implementasi YOLOv5 berhasil mendeteksi cacat produk pada proses quality control produksi masker sehingga dapat diaplikasikan sebagai sistem quality control produksi masker.
Quantification of Heavy Metal Content in Anadara tuberculosa from the Gulf of Guayaquil Using ICP-OES: Assessing Marine Contamination
Authors: Vinces Kevin Cedeño , Flores de Valgaz Angela Pacheco , Ballesteros José
Published: February 2024

he present study was conducted to quantify the heavy metals cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, nickel, and zinc in the bivalve mollusk concha prieta (Anadara tuberculosa) using in- ductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). This research aims to identify whether the bioaccumulate content of heavy metals exceeds the maximum limits established by various public health bodies such as the ONU, FAO, Codex Alimentarius, EEC, and NHI. Samples of the species were collected randomly from three locations in Puerto El Morro, Playas Municipal Market, and La Libertad Seafood Market in the Gulf of Guayaquil. Thirty-three soft tissue samples of (Anadara tuberculosa) were evaluated, and the values quantified in mg/kg were in the following order: Zn>Cu>Cd>Ni>Cr>Pb.
Efficient Charging of Aerosol Nanoparticles by Corona-Needle Charger with Improved Design for Printing of Metallic Microstructures
Authors: Efimov Alexey , Patarashvili Anton , Kornyushin Denis , Ivanov Matthew , Lizunova Anna , Ghorbani Fard Mohammad Reza , Nouraldeen Messan , Labutov Dmitry , Davydov Vladislav , Maslennikov Dmitry , Zebreva Margarita , Ivanov Victor
Published: February 2024

Aerosol particle charging is widely used in various technical applications. A model of a needle-plate type charger for efficient charging of aerosol nanoparticles in a corona plasma discharge has been developed and investigated. The main difference from analogues is the modernization of the geometry of the hole in the grounded plate and the number of corona needles. This led to a significant increase in the efficiency of the charger by more than 25%. The effect of two types of discharge plates with cylindrical and conical inner holes on the external charging efficiency of aerosol particles is experimentally investigated. Metallic nanoparticles of Ag with sizes of 20–160 nm and number concentration of 106–108 cm−3 were used as a test aerosol. It is found that the maximum efficiency of particle charging is achieved by using a plate with a conical hole by reducing electrostatic losses from 37±3% to 20±2%. This is due to the redistribution of the electrostatic field strength lines when changing the cylindrical hole to a conical one. An additional effect of increasing the efficiency of particle charging was also achieved through the use of a multi-pointed needle, which provided lower electrostatic losses compared to a single needle at the same corona discharge current of 20 µA. It has been experimentally shown that the use of a conical hole of the plate and a multi-pointed needle increased the charging efficiency of particles from 47±3% to 59±4% in comparison with the standard design with a cylindrical hole and a single-pointed needle.
Strengthening Pathogen and Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance by Environmental Monitoring in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Stakeholder Survey
Authors: Tiwari Ananda , Miller Taru , Baraka Vito , Tahita Marc , Maketa Vivi , Kabore Berenger , Kingpriest Paul , Mitashi Patrick , Lyimo Erick , Sebukoto Hillary , Pitkänen Tarja
Published: February 2024

Background: Waterborne diseases pose a significant global public health threat, compelling enhanced comprehensive surveillance. This study investigates the current infectious disease and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance systems, including wastewater and environmental surveillance (WES), in three sub-Saharan African countries: Tanzania, Burkina Faso, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The three countries have their specificities regarding wastewater networks and logistic systems. So, emphasizing the need to strengthen existing disease surveillance, the paper advocates for incorporating WES systems specifically designed for countries' context to monitor waterborne and re-emerging pathogens, as well as AMR.Methods: National workshops were conducted to assess the current clinical and environmental surveillance systems and identify priority pathogens for new environmental monitoring. Data were collected through surveys from experts in academia, research, policy, and healthcare. Results: Prioritized pathogens for WES include waterborne (poliovirus, Salmonella Typhi, Vibrio cholerae), respiratory (influenza A&B, SARS-CoV-2), other (Measles and Rubella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Recommended AMR pathogens include drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella spp., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing E. coli. Tanzania, Burkina Faso, and the DRC employ DHSI2-based centralized electronic systems for clinical data collection, complemented by Excel and paper-based registries. The WES approach is commonly employed for monitoring poliovirus and rarely for AMR and other pathogens. Discussion and conclusions: WES is a valuable tool for early detection of locally circulating human-derived pathogens, aiding in outbreak detection, data-driven epidemic response, and prevention. The availability of WES results underscores the importance of effective sanitation for safeguarding human, animal, and environmental health. WES is a pivotal tool for integrated risk management, preventing waterborne outbreaks, protecting drinking water sources, and ultimately gaining various UN Sustainable Development Goals. The study highlights the importance of customized WES systems in line with each country's context, emphasizing localized approaches for effective monitoring of waterborne pathogens and AMR.
Simvastatin-Mediated Nrf2 Activation Induces Fetal Hemoglobin and Antioxidant Enzyme Expression to Ameliorate the Phenotype of Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Xi Caixia , Palani Chitra , Takezaki Mayuko , Shi Huidong , Horuzsko Anatolij , Pace Betty , Zhu Xingguo
Published: February 2024

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a pathophysiological condition of chronic hemolysis, oxidative stress, and elevated inflammation. The transcription factor Nrf2 is a master regulator of oxidative stress. Here we reported that the FDA-approved, oral agent simvastatin, an inhibitor of hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, significantly activates the expression of Nrf2 and antioxidant enzymes. Simvastatin also induces fetal hemoglobin expression in SCD patient erythroid progenitors and a transgenic mouse model. Simvastatin alleviates SCD symptoms by decreasing hemoglobin S sickling, oxidative stress, and inflammation stress in erythroblasts. Particularly, simvastatin increases cellular levels of cystine, the precursor for the biosynthesis of antioxidant reduced glutathione and decreases the iron content in SCD mouse spleen and liver tissues. Mechanistic studies suggest that simvastatin suppresses the expression of critical histone methyltransferase, Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 to reduce both global and gene-specific histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation. These chromatin structural changes promote the assembly of transcription complexes to fetal γ-globin and antioxidant genes regulatory regions, in an antioxidative response element-dependent manner. In summary, our findings suggest that simvastatin activates fetal hemoglobin and antioxidant protein expression and modulates iron and cystine/reduced glutathione levels to improve the phenotype of SCD and represents a therapeutic strategy for further development.
Pathogenic Beliefs among Patients with Personality Disorders
Authors: Jintanachote Varit , Wongpakaran Tinakon , Wongpakaran Nahathai
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: Place the question addressed in a broad context and highlight the purpose of the study. Materials and Methods: Describe briefly the main methods or treatments applied, including the study population description. Results: Summarize the article’s main findings. Conclusions: Indicate the main conclusions or interpretations. The abstract should be an objective representation of the article, it must not) results. Meanwhile, exclusion criterion is incomplete data in medical record. For the analysis of continuous variables, a General Linear Model (univariate) was employed, with the predictors included specific Personality Disorder. The outcome being the PB, and covariates encompassed age, sex, education, clinical diagnosis, and depression score. Results: Six personality disorders, namely Paranoid, Schizoid, Histrionic, Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder, did not exhibit significant pathogenic beliefs. In contrast, the remaining four personality disorders demonstrated significant associations with specific pathogenic beliefs. Conclusions: While some personality disorders have specific beliefs, it's also common to have pathogenic beliefs that are not specific to their psychodynamic. It's essential to recognize specific pathogenic beliefs for each individual to be targeted for their psychotherapy.
TBI and Tau Loss-of-Function Both Affect Naïve Ethanol Sensitivity in Drosophila
Authors: Hoxha Valbona , Shrestha Gaurav , Baloch Nayab , Collevechio Sara , Laszczyk Raegan R. , Roman Gregg
Published: February 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with alcohol abuse and higher ethanol sensitivity later in life. Currently, it is poorly understood how ethanol sensitivity changes with time after TBI and whether there are sex-dependent differences in the relationship between TBI and ethanol sensitivity. This study uses the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to investigate how TBI affects alcohol sensitivity and whether the effects are sex-specific. Our results indicate that flies have a significantly higher sensitivity to the intoxicating levels of ethanol during the acute phase post-TBI, regardless of sex. The increased ethanol sensitivity decreases as time progresses; however, females take longer than males to recover from the heightened ethanol sensitivity. Dietary restriction does not improve the negative effects of alcohol post-TBI. We found that tau mutant flies exhibit similar ethanol sensitivity to TBI flies. However, TBI increased the ethanol sensitivity of dtauKO mutants, suggesting that TBI and dTau loss-of-function have additive effects on ethanol sensitivty.
HyPedSim: A Multi-level Crowd Simulation Framework – Methodology, Calibration, and Validation
Authors: Dang Huu-Tu , Gaudou Benoit , Verstaevel Nicolas
Published: February 2024

Large-scale crowd phenomena are complex to model because the behaviour of pedestrians needs to be described at both strategic, tactical, and operational levels and is impacted by the density of the crowd. Microscopic models manage to mimic the dynamics at low densities, whereas mesoscopic models achieve better performances in dense situations. This paper proposes and evaluates a novel agent-based architecture to enable agents to dynamically change their operational model based on local density. The ability to combine microscopic and mesoscopic models for multi-scale simulation is studied through a use case of pedestrians at the Festival of Lights, Lyon, France. Pedestrian outflow data is extracted from video recordings of exiting crowds at the festival. The hybrid model is calibrated and validated using a genetic algorithm that optimizes the match between simulated and observed outflow data. Additionally, a local sensitivity analysis is then conducted to identify the most sensitive parameters in the model. Finally, the performance of the hybrid model is compared to different models in terms of density map and computation time. The results demonstrate that the hybrid model has the capacity to effectively simulate pedestrians across varied density scenarios while optimizing computational performance compared to other models.
Syntheses and Supramolecular Associations of New Phosphonated and Sulfoned Silicone Block and Grafted Copolymers
Authors: Pouget Emmanuel , Holgado Garcia Erlea , Kostjuk Sergei V. , Vasilenko Irina V , Longuet Claire , Lucas Patrice , Joly-Duhamel Christine , Ganachaud François
Published: February 2024

This paper summarizes some works exploiting the ate-type addition of electron-withdrawing monomers to hydrogenosiloxane groups so as to generate new silicone materials. Two types of monomers were oligomerized onto silicone backbones, namely unsaturated phosphonate and sulfone monomers. Phosphonated silicones are thermally more resistant than conventional silicones and can be transformed into amphiphilic polymers after selective ester hydrolysis. Sulfoned silicones generate solid supramolecular elastomers thanks to the strong pseudo-ionic interactions in play between sulfone groups. Rheology and modulated DSC show a solid/viscoelastic transition around 175°C, which allows using these thermoplastic materials on a larger scale than conventional silicone urea copolymers. These results open new avenues in the generation of silicone block- and grafted-copolymers with unique functionality and properties.
G20 Tourism Carbon Footprint and COVID-19 Impact
Authors: Tsutsumi Akihiko , Furukawa Ryuzo , Kitamura Yusuke , Itsubo Norihiro
Published: February 2024

The Glasgow Declaration called for scientifically based measurements of CO2 emissions in the tourism industry to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. Despite the economic and employment downturn caused by COVID-19, there are limited cases of environmental assessments related to tourism. This study estimates the carbon footprint of the tourism industry in major G20 countries before and after COVID-19. Understanding the characteristics of inbound tourism and domestic tourism is important as they impact different markets. GHG emissions from tourism mainly stem from transportation, but the type of travel and country differences also make souvenirs, accommodation, and food and beverages significant emission factors. The pandemic has greatly impacted the tourism industry. In 2020, GHG emissions from both domestic and inbound tourism significantly decreased, affecting the number of tourists. In some countries, measures against COVID-19 influenced these figures, and although signs of recovery were observed in 2021, the reduction rates varied by country. These emission reductions should be the goals pursued by the tourism industry in the post-COVID-19 era, requiring efforts to achieve sustainable tourism.
Five-Membered Nitrogen Heterocycles Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Induced Angioedema: An Underdiagnosed Condition.
Authors: Papapostolou Niki , Gregoriou Stamatios , Katoulis Alexander , Makris Michael
Published: February 2024

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are used primarily in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and in the acute phase of myocardial infarction. Lisinopril [N2-[(1S)-1-car-boxy-3-phenylpropyl]-L-lysyl-L-proline], enalapril [(S)-1-[N-[1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl]-L-alanyl]-L-proline] and ramipril [2-aza-bicyclo-[3.3.0]-octane-3-carboxylic acid] are all five-membered heterocycles and three of the most prevalent ACE inhibitors in clinical use worldwide.
ACEi-induced angioedema (ACEi-AE) is clinically characterized by self-limited edema of the dermis and subcutaneous lipid tissue, localized on face skin, oral mucosa and tongue in most cases. However, severe episodes of intestinal AE misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis and laryngeal AE requiring incubation have been reported. The pathophysiology of ACEi induced-AE is attributed to the accumulation of bradykinin, which is a potent vasodilator with proinflammatory activity that is normally degraded by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and aminopeptidase P; however, a small proportion of treated patients is affected. Given that patients do not respond to anti-H1 antihistamines and steroids, the early clinical recognition and the ACEi discontinuation are the treatment of choice for the long term management of ACEi-AE.
Stimuli-Sensitive Polymeric Micelles Formulations Enhance the Cytostatic Effect against the Leukemia Cells via “Aikido” Principle Realization
Authors: Zlotnikov Igor D. , Ezhov Alexander A. , Dobryakova Natalia Vladimirovna , Kudryashova Elena V.
Published: February 2024

Currently, the most promising work seems to be aimed not so much at the development of new drugs, but rather at creating ways of targeted delivery of existing drugs. In this paper, we show that polymeric micelles based on chitosan, heparin grafted with lipoic and oleic acids residues demonstrate the potential for doxorubicin delivery to tumors due to pH-, glutathione-sensitivity. Smart delivery systems use the Aikido principle, i.e. they target tumor cells according to their features. Natural polysaccharides (heparin and chitosan) provide the pH sensitivity of micelles: the release of doxorubicin (Dox) is enhanced in a slightly acidic environment (model tumor microenvironment). Fatty acid residues are necessary for the formation of micelles and solubilization of cytostatics in a hydrophobic core. Lipoic acid residues formed a labile S-S cross-linking between polymer chains (the first method), and also covalently attached doxorubicin molecules through glutathione-sensitive S-S bridges (the second option) – determine Redox sensitivity of micelles to tumors. The characterization of polymeric micelles and prodrugs (Dox-polymer) was carried out using FTIR spectroscopy. The release of doxorubicin from micelles occurs slowly (20% / 6h) in an environment with a pH of 7.4 and the absence of glutathione, while in a slightly acidic environment and in the presence of 10 mM glutathione, the rate increases up 6 times, with an increase in the effective concentration up to 5 times after 7 h. The permeability of free doxorubicin, micellar formulations (covalent S-S crosslinked and not) into Raji, K562, A875 cancer cells was studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), demonstrated an increase in the permeability of micellar formulations based on Dox. Thus, we have presented micellar formulations of doxorubicin for targeted delivery to tumor, what is important in the aspects of reducing non-target toxicity, increasing the selectivity of cytostatics against tumors and overcome multidrug resistance.
Reduction of Sulphur Dose in the Control of Powdery Mildew of Grapevine through Silicate and Equisetum arvense Foliar Applications and Effect on Yield and Berry Quality
Authors: Calzarano Francesco , Pagnani Giancarlo , Seghetti Leonardo , Di Marco Stefano
Published: February 2024

The protection of grapevine from the diseases is now particularly focused on the development of environmentally friendly strategies. Although sulphur is not in itself a toxic substance, a large use towards powdery mildew, in organic vineyards especially, may cause problems to environment, health and safety of viticultural workers and plant phytotoxicity. The activity on powdery mildew of sulphur applied at doses reduced up to 50% in tank mixtures with silicates and Equisetum arvense based products, never tested on grapevine, was assessed. Two-year trials were carried out applying the products every 7-9 days in the period of greatest risk for spring ascosporic infections, in two organic vineyards in the Abruzzo region, Italy. The effectiveness towards the disease of the mixtures was demonstrated, often to a greater extent than that of full-dose sulphur, normally used in the vineyards. Furthermore, in vines treated with the mixtures, increases in yield quantity and quality, such as higher contents of soluble solids and lower levels of total acidity, have been shown. Due to the strong efficacy demonstrated on the leaves, silicon-based products + sulphur mixtures can also be recommended in eradicative applications, aimed at reducing the inoculum of the disease. The great activity of the mixtures demonstrated in this study suggests confirmation through further investigations on different cultivars and vine-growing areas at different levels of infection, also testing the effectiveness of individual silicon products against the disease.
Dynamic Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Uncracked Hydrocarbon Fuel under Super-Critical Pressure in Cooling Channel of Regeneratively-Cooled Scramjet
Authors: Xu Qing , Lin Guowei , Li Haowei , Feng Yaoxun
Published: February 2024

Regeneratively cooled scramjet has already been successfully verified as propulsion device for hypersonic vehicle. As a result, dynamic process of flow and heat transfer in cooling channel is commonly occurred which may bring hazard and control difficulties for scramjet. To study transient flow and heat transfer process in cooling channel, a dynamic numerical model is established. Dynamic characteristics of flow and heat transfer under different conditions are calculated and discussed, which includes change of inlet fuel mass flow, heat flux and pressure working conditions. Results show that stable time of cooling channel outlet fuel temperature is related to the change rate of inlet mass flow and heat flux. The stable time of outlet fuel temperature under heat flux decreasing working conditions are about 12.5 s. The initial response of working pressure fluctuation will lead to fuel temperature fluctuation, which has little effect on wall temperature.
Urban Energy Resilience and Strategic Urban Planning in Emilia-Romagna: Evidence from Three Cities
Authors: Tedeschi Giovanni
Published: February 2024

Contemporary cities are facing many challenges, from social and economic issues to the new risks related to the impacts of climate change. Focusing on energy consumptions, and the related GHG emissions, cities are considered not only the main global contributors but also the areas most exposed to risks, because of their density of population and economic activities. Implementing urban planning strategies with the purpose of increasing energy efficiency and resilience overall are, for all these reasons, considered a top priority. This paper investigates the innovative contents about energy-efficient and energy-resilient urban planning solutions that have started to be implemented in the cities of the Emilia-Romagna region. Two kinds of planning instruments are therefore analyzed: the voluntary Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plans (SECAPs) and the mandatory General Urban Plans (GUPs), recently approved in several cities of Emilia-Romagna. A comparative analysis of three cities in the Emilia-Romagna region, Bologna, Modena and Ravenna, is proposed on the strategies of their newly local city plans and SECAPs with focus on energy management and planning. The aim is to assess whether the new structure of local city plans and the influence of SECAPs could be useful in implementing such urban energy resiliency solutions.
Polymer-Metal Bilayer with Alkoxy Groups for Antibacterial Improvement
Authors: Idriss Hazem , Kutová Anna , Rimpelová Silvie , Elashnikov Roman , Kolská Zdeňka , Lyutakov Oleksiy , Švorčík Václav , Slepičková Kasálková Nikola , Slepička Petr
Published: February 2024

Many bio-applicable materials, medical devices, and prosthetics combine both polymer and metal components to benefit from their complementary properties. This goal is normally achieved by their mechanical bonding or casting only. Here, we report an alternative easy method for the chemical grafting of a polymer on the surfaces of a metal or metal alloys using alkoxy amine salt as a coupling agent. The surface morphology of the created composites was studied by various microscopy methods, and their surface area and porosity were determined by adsorption/desorption nitrogen isotherms. The surface chemical composition was also examined by various spectroscopy techniques and electrokinetic analysis. Elements distribution on the surface was determined and successful bonding of the metal/alloys on one side with the polymer on the other one was confirmed by alkoxy amine. The composites show significantly increased wettability, reliable chemical stability of the bonding, excellent bacterial anti-adhesive properties and functionality, i.e. the characteristics promising for their application in biomedical field.
Immobile Charges Play an Essential Role for Membrane Potential Generation
Authors: Tamagawa Hirohisa , Delalande Bernard
Published: February 2024

The physiological mechanism of membrane potential generation relies on the passage of mobile ions across the plasma membrane, which is selectively permeable to mobile ions. The existence of a membrane and the transport of ions across it are essential for the generation of membrane potential. However, a long-forgotten theory, Association-Induction hypothesis, asserts that the heterogeneous distribution of charges in space, due to ion adsorption, is the true cause of membrane potential generation. Using an artificial living cell model consisting of a viscous aqueous solution, the mechanism of membrane potential generation is restudied in this work. The results indicate that membrane potential can be generated even in the absence of a plasma membrane and that ion adsorption leading to a heterogeneous spatial charge distribution is an essential factor for membrane potential generation. Consequently, the authors invites people to reconsider the Association-Induction hypothesis as a genuine mechanism for generating membrane potential.