bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current–voltage characteristics of borophene and borophane sheets
Authors: Izadi Vishkayi Sahar , Bagheri Tagani Meysam
Published: July 2017

Motivated by recent experimental and theoretical research on a monolayer of boron atoms, borophene, the current–voltage characteristics of three different borophene sheets, 2Pmmn, 8Pmmn, and 8Pmmm, are calculated using density functional theory combined with the nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism.
β-Dicyanovinyl substituted porphyrinogen: synthesis, a reversible sensor for picric acid among explosives and a unique sensor for cyanide and fluoride ions by switching between various porphyrinoid states
Authors: Chahal Mandeep K. , Sankar Muniappan
Published: July 2017

Oxp-MN (1) acts as a multifunctional sensor for the simultaneous colorimetric detection of picric acid (PA) among other nitroaromatics, F− and CN− ions when “hidden” within a mixture of other anions under unrestricted queue assay.
Frontier orbitals of photosubstitutionally active ruthenium complexes: an experimental study of the spectator ligands’ electronic properties influence on photoreactivity
Authors: Jang Hyo Jin , Hopkins Samantha L. , Siegler Maxime A. , Bonnet Sylvestre
Published: July 2017

The nature of the frontier orbitals and the efficiency of ligand photosubstitution reactions were studied in ruthenium complexes with either electron-donating (CH3) or -withdrawing (CF3) substituents on the bipyridine spectator chelate.
Considerable humidity response of a well-aligned SOMS micro-wire flexible sensor by moisture-induced releasing of trapped electrons
Authors: Chan Kuei-Lin , Yang Min-Han , Chiu Hsin-Tien , Lee Chi-Young
Published: July 2017

Sandia Octahedral Molecular Sieves micro-wires (SOMS MWs) that exhibit ultra-high response to moisture and a short response time can be produced easily in an environmentally friendly mass production process.
Aluminium complexes containing salicylbenzothiazole ligands and their application in the ring-opening polymerisation of rac-lactide and ε-caprolactone
Authors: Nakonkhet Chutikan , Nanok Tanin , Wattanathana Worawat , Chuawong Pitak , Hormnirun Pimpa
Published: July 2017

This paper is the first report on the use of aluminium salicylbenzothiazole complexes for the ROP of rac-LA and ε-CL.
Correction: Infrared nonlinear optical properties of lithium-containing diamond-like semiconductors Li2ZnGeSe4 and Li2ZnSnSe4
Authors: Weiland Ashley , Zhang Jian-Han , Clark Daniel J. , Brant Jacilynn A. , Sinagra Charles W. , Kim Yong Soo , Jang Joon I. , Aitken Jennifer A.
Published: July 2017

Correction for ‘Infrared nonlinear optical properties of lithium-containing diamond-like semiconductors Li2ZnGeSe4 and Li2ZnSnSe4’ by Jian-Han Zhang et al., Dalton Trans., 2015, 44, 11212–11222.
Alternative electrochemical energy storage: potassium-based dual-graphite batteries
Authors: Beltrop K. , Beuker S. , Heckmann A. , Winter M. , Placke T.
Published: July 2017

In this contribution, we report for the first time a novel potassium ion-based dual-graphite battery concept (K-DGB), applying graphite as the electrode material for both the anode and cathode, in combination with an ionic liquid electrolyte.
Peculiarities of thermal denaturation of OmpF porin from Yersinia ruckeri
Authors: Novikova Olga D. , Chistyulin Dmitry K. , Khomenko Valentina A. , Sidorin Evgeny V. , Kim Natalya Yu. , Sanina Nina M. , Portnyagina Olga Yu. , Solov'eva Tamara F. , Uversky Vladimir N. , Shnyrov Valery L.
Published: July 2017

Irreversible denaturation of membrane proteins in detergent solutions is similar to unfolding of water-soluble multidomain proteins and represents a complex, multistage process.
Graphene/graphitic carbon nitride hybrids for catalysis
Authors: Han Qing , Chen Nan , Zhang Jing , Qu Liangti
Published: July 2017

Benefiting from the large specific surface area, outstanding electronic, optical, thermal and mechanical properties of graphene, as well as the exceptional electronic band structure and good physicochemical stability of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), graphene/g-C3N4hybrids present great potential in electrochemical and photochemical catalysis.
Synthesis, characterization, protein interaction and antibacterial activity of a lanthanum(iii) complex [La(Trp)3(OH2)2] (Trp = tryptophan) as a new precursor for synthesis of La2O2CO3nanoparticles
Authors: Shahraki Somaye , Shiri Fereshteh , Beyzaei Hamid , Khosravi Fatemeh
Published: July 2017

In the present study, a lanthanum(iii) complex containing tryptophan amino acid was synthesized and characterized.
Halogen-bonding contacts determining the crystal structure and fluorescence properties of organic salts
Authors: Wang Jing-Wen , Chen Chen , Li Yao-Ja , Luo Yang-Hui , Sun Bai-Wang
Published: July 2017

Different inorganic anions tuning halogen-bonding contacts to form different 3D networks with various absorption and emission properties.
The current limit and self-rectification functionalities in the TiO2/HfO2 resistive switching material system
Authors: Yoon Jung Ho , Kwon Dae Eun , Kim Yumin , Kwon Young Jae , Yoon Kyung Jean , Park Tae Hyung , Shao Xing Long , Hwang Cheol Seong
Published: July 2017

The Pt/TiO2/HfO2−x/TiN resistive switching memory structure showed self-rectifying resistive switching behavior with unprecedented unique I–V curves named “self-current saturation”, which can give an extremely uniform variation of the low resistance state.
Environmental stability of 2D anisotropic tellurium containing nanomaterials: anisotropic to isotropic transition
Authors: Yang Sijie , Cai Hui , Chen Bin , Ko Changhyun , Özçelik V. Ongun , Ogletree D. Frank , White Claire E. , Shen Yuxia , Tongay Sefaattin
Published: July 2017

In this work, authors report on the fundamental understanding of environmental stability of tellurium containing 2D layers. Work reports on fundamental aging mechanisms and anisotropic to isotropic transition.
In situ twisting for stabilizing and toughening conductive graphene yarns
Authors: Xiang Xi , Yang Zhengpeng , Di Jiangtao , Zhang Wujun , Li Ru , Kang Lixing , Zhang Yongyi , Zhang Haijiao , Li Qingwen
Published: July 2017

An extruding-twisting wet-spinning approach was developed for the continuous preparation of twist-stable, highly tough yarns of reduced graphene oxides.
Solution synthesis and phase control of inorganic perovskites for high-performance optoelectronic devices
Authors: Liang Jia , Wang Caixing , Zhao Peiyang , Lu Zhipeng , Ma Yue , Xu Zhaoran , Wang Yanrong , Zhu Hongfei , Hu Yi , Zhu Guoyin , Ma Lianbo , Chen Tao , Tie Zuoxiu , Liu Jie , Jin Zhong
Published: July 2017

Well-crystallized inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites were prepared by an efficient method and applied to photodetectors and perovskite solar cells.
One DNA strand homo-polymerizes into defined nanostructures
Authors: Li Mo , Zuo Hua , Yu Jinwen , Zhao Xinfeng , Mao Chengde
Published: July 2017

DNA strands fold and assemble into predesigned DNA nanostructures in a way that is both thermodynamically and kinetically favored.
Diversified copper sulfide (Cu2−xS) micro-/nanostructures: a comprehensive review on synthesis, modifications and applications
Authors: Sun Shaodong , Li Pengju , Liang Shuhua , Yang Zhimao
Published: July 2017

In this review, we highlight the important progress made in the diversified Cu2−xS micro-/nanostructures, including synthesis strategies, formation mechanisms, functional modifications and potential applications. Several emerging issues and perspective are also given.
Bioorganometallic ferrocene-tripeptide nanoemulsions
Authors: Yang Xuejiao , Wang Yuefei , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin , He Zhimin
Published: July 2017

Functional nanoemulsions with precisely controlled phase behavior (e.g. emulsion–hydrogel transition) could be formed by the self-assembly of ferrocene-tripeptides at aqueous–organic interfaces.
Photocurrent spectroscopy of dye-sensitized carbon nanotubes
Authors: Alam Asiful , Dehm Simone , Hennrich Frank , Zakharko Yuriy , Graf Arko , Pfohl Moritz , Hossain Ihteaz M. , Kappes Manfred M. , Zaumseil Jana , Krupke Ralph , Flavel Benjamin S.
Published: July 2017

Dye modified (7,5) single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are integrated into a field effect transistor device in which the built-in electric field at the nanotube/metal contact allows for exciton separation.
Configuration-independent AIE-active supramolecular polymers of cyanostilbene through the photo-stable host–guest interaction of pillar[5]arene
Authors: Dhinakaran Manivannan Kalavathi , Gong Weitao , Yin Yue , Wajahat Ali , Kuang Xiaojun , Wang Leyong , Ning Guiling
Published: July 2017

We report a cyanostilbene system with retained AIE activity at Z and E isomeric state through host–guest of pillar[5]arene.
The effect of the backbone structure on the thermoelectric properties of donor–acceptor conjugated polymers
Authors: Wang Luhai , Pan Chengjun , Liang Ansheng , Zhou Xiaoyan , Zhou Wenqiao , Wan Tao , Wang Lei
Published: July 2017

This work illustrated a relationship between backbone structure and thermoelectric properties through a study of three donor–acceptor (D–A)-structured conjugated polymers.
Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers by photo-iniferter polymerization under visible light
Authors: Garcia-Soto Mariano J. , Haupt Karsten , Gonzato Carlo
Published: July 2017

A new prospect for the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers: photo-iniferter polymerization under visible light.
Insight into metallic behavior in epitaxial half-metallic NiCo2O4 films
Authors: Zhang Kaiqi , Zhen Congmian , Wei Wengang , Guo Wenzhe , Tang Guide , Ma Li , Hou Denglu , Wu Xiancheng
Published: July 2017

Understanding the cation distribution and electronic transport properties of half-metallic NiCo2O4 (NCO) films is crucial to advancing their practical applications in optoelectronic materials.
Sub-5 μm balls possessing forest-like poly(methyloxazoline)/polyethyleneimine side chains and templated silica microballs with unusual internal structures
Authors: Soma Daiki , Jin Ren-Hua
Published: July 2017

Herein, sub-5 μm microballs, with unusual forest-like structures consisting of a polystyrene network and forest-like poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMOZ) and/or linear polyethyleneimine (LPEI) side chains, were synthesized by combining two isolated processes.
Rapid spray-crosslinked assembly of a stable high-performance polyelectrolyte bipolar membrane
Authors: Zhu Wen , Wang Haizhi , Jing Guoshan , Liu Qianqian , Li Chunxi , Meng Hong
Published: July 2017

Rapid spray assembly coupled with chemical cross linking was used to prepare a stable high-performance polyelectrolyte bipolar membrane.
An efficient strategy for full mineralization of an azo dye in wastewater: a synergistic combination of solar thermo- and electrochemistry plus photocatalysis
Authors: Nie Chunhong , Dong Jing , Sun Pingping , Yan Chao , Wu Hongjun , Wang Baohui
Published: July 2017

An efficient strategy for full mineralization of azo dye in wastewater.
Interactions between sirtuins and fluorogenic small-molecule substrates offer insights into inhibitor design
Authors: Wang Hua-Li , Liu Sha , Yu Zhu-Jun , Wu Chengyong , Cheng Linna , Wang Yuxi , Chen Kai , Zhou Shu , Chen Qiang , Yu Yamei , Li Guo-Bo
Published: July 2017

Biophysical and crystallographic analyses of small-molecule substrates with sirtuins provide thermodynamic insights and key pharmacophore features for inhibitor design.
Coumarin centered copper(ii) complex with appended-imidazole as cancer chemotherapeutic agents against lung cancer: molecular insight via DFT-based vibrational analysis
Authors: Usman Mohammad , Zaki Mehvash , Khan Rais Ahmad , Alsalme Ali , Ahmad Musheer , Tabassum Sartaj
Published: July 2017

Synthesis and structural characterization of the novel copper complex, DFT based vibrational analysis, DNA binding studies.In vitrocytotoxicity against A549 cancer cell lines and estimation of GSH, ROS, LPO levels, have been reported.
Carbon nanosphere–iron oxide nanocomposites as high-capacity adsorbents for arsenic removal
Authors: Su Hui , Ye Zhibin , Hmidi Nuri , Subramanian Ramesh
Published: July 2017

Carbon nanosphere–iron oxide nanocomposite adsorbents have been designed to remove arsenic at high capacity.
Dual-phase phosphor-in-glass based on a Sn–P–F–O ultralow-melting glass for warm white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Chen Daqin , Yuan Shuo , Li Xinyue , Xu Wei
Published: July 2017

Dual-phase phosphor-in-glass was fabricated using a Sn–P–F–O ultralow-melting glass as host to improve the optical performance of the constructed WLED.
Acid-mediated sulfonylation of arylethynylene bromides with sodium arylsulfinates: synthesis of (E)-1,2-bis(arylsulfonyl)ethylenes and arylacetylenic sulfones
Authors: Dai Chenshu , Wang Junqi , Deng Siqi , Zhou Candong , Zhang Wenhe , Zhu Qiuhua , Tang Xiaodong
Published: July 2017

A solvent-dependent sulfonylation of arylethynylene bromides with sodium arylsulfinates to afford (E)-1,2-bis(arylsulfonyl)ethylenes and arylacetylenic sulfones is described.
Effect of paramagnetic species on T1, T2 and T1/T2 NMR relaxation times of liquids in porous CuSO4/Al2O3
Authors: D'Agostino Carmine , Bräuer Pierre , Charoen-Rajapark Pavida , Crouch Matthew D. , Gladden Lynn F.
Published: July 2017

This work explores the effect of paramagnetic ions deposited on solid surfaces on T1, T2 and T1/T2 relaxation times.
Photochromic coenzyme Q derivatives: switching redox potentials with light
Authors: Simeth Nadja A. , Kneuttinger Andrea C. , Sterner Reinhard , König Burkhard
Published: July 2017

A photochromic coenzyme Q derivative could be activated through irradiation with orange light and initiate redox reactions with Hantzsch ester and on isolated mitochondria.
Multiscale-architectured functional membranes utilizing inverse opal structures
Authors: Yeo Seon Ju , Choi Gwan H. , Yoo Pil J.
Published: July 2017

Inverse-opal structured isoporous membranes can exhibit outstanding separation properties of high selectivity and high permeability.
One-dimensional hematite photoanodes with spatially separated Pt and FeOOH nanolayers for efficient solar water splitting
Authors: Wang Lei , Yang Yang , Zhang Yajun , Rui Qiang , Zhang Beibei , Shen Zhiqiang , Bi Yingpu
Published: July 2017

The selectively integrating electron and hole transfer layers into hematite reduce surface and interface recombination for PEC water splitting performance.
Hybrid nanoparticles coated with hyaluronic acid lipoid for targeted co-delivery of paclitaxel and curcumin to synergistically eliminate breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Yang Zhe , Sun Na , Cheng Rui , Zhao Chenyang , Liu Jie , Tian Zhongmin
Published: July 2017

HA-modified hybrid nanoparticles for targeted co-delivery of paclitaxel and curcumin to synergistically eliminate breast cancer stem cells.
Dually folate/CD44 receptor-targeted self-assembled hyaluronic acid nanoparticles for dual-drug delivery and combination cancer therapy
Authors: Song Liang , Pan Zhou , Zhang Huabing , Li Yanxiu , Zhang Yinying , Lin Jinyan , Su Guanghao , Ye Shefang , Xie Liya , Li Yang , Hou Zhenqing
Published: July 2017

Self-assembled methotrexate-hyaluronic acid-octadecylamine nanoparticles loaded with curcumin have dual-targeting and combinational anticancer effect to folate and CD44 receptors overexpressed cancer cells.
Enhanced photoluminescence of CsPbBr3@Ag hybrid perovskite quantum dots
Authors: Ye Shuai , Yu Minghuai , Yan Wei , Song Jun , Qu Junle
Published: July 2017

CsPbBr3@Ag hybrid nanocrystals are synthesized, where photoluminescence was significantly enhanced by localized surface plasmons of Ag nanoparticles.
A simple toolset to identify endogenous post-translational modifications for a target protein: a snapshot of the EGFR signaling pathway
Authors: Horita Henrick , Law Andy , Hong Soonjin , Middleton Kim
Published: July 2017

Identification of a novel post-translational modification (PTM) for a target protein, defining its physiologic role and studying its potential cross-talk with other PTMs is a challenging process. A set of highly sensitive tools termed as Signal-Seeker kits was developed, which enables rapid and simple detection of PTMs on any target protein. The methodology for these tools utilizes affinity purification of modified proteins from a cell or tissue lysate, and immunoblot analysis. These tools utilize a single lysis system that is effective at identifying endogenous, dynamic PTM changes, as well as the potential cross-talk between PTMs. As a proof-of-concept experiment, the acetylation (Ac), tyrosine phosphorylation (pY), SUMOylation 2/3, and ubiquitination (Ub) profiles of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR)–Ras–c-Fos axis were examined in response to EGF stimulation. All ten previously identified PTMs of this signaling axis were confirmed using these tools, and it also identified Ac as a novel modification of c-Fos. This axis in the EGF/EGFR signaling pathway was chosen because it is a well-established signaling pathway with proteins localized in the membrane, cytoplasmic, and nuclear compartments that ranged in abundance from 4.18 × 108 (EGFR) to 1.35 × 104 (c-Fos) molecules per A431 cell. These tools enabled the identification of low abundance PTMs, such as c-Fos Ac, at 17 molecules per cell. These studies highlight how pervasive PTMs are, and how stimulants like EGF induce multiple PTM changes on downstream signaling axis. Identification of endogenous changes and potential cross-talk between multiple PTMs for a target protein or signaling axis will provide regulatory mechanistic insights to investigators.
Iron-Catalyzed Intramolecular Alkyne–Carbonyl Metathesis: A New Cyclization Strategy for the Synthesis of Benzocarbazole and Azepino[1,2-a]indole Derivatives
Authors: Jana Umasish , Paul Kartick , Jalal Swapnadeep , Kundal Sandip , Chakraborty Baitan
Published: July 2017

An efficient synthesis of benzocarbazoles and benzo[3,4]azepino[1,2-a]indole derivatives through an FeCl3-catalyzed alkyne–aldehyde metathesis reaction is described. Structurally diverse benzo[a]carbazoles, benzo[c]carbazoles, and benzo[3,4]azepino[1,2-a]indoles have been achieved in good yields with high regio- and chemoselectivity in the presence of catalytic, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly FeCl3­ as a catalyst.
Zirconium-Catalyzed Alkyne Carbo- and Cycloalumination Reactions in Stereoselective Preparation of 1-Alkenyl Selenides
Authors: Kadikova Rita , Ramazanov Ilfir , Vyatkin Alexey , Dzhemilev Usein
Published: July 2017

The Cp2ZrCl2-catalyzed methylalumination and сycloalumination of 1-alkynyl selenides followed by deuterolysis or hydrolysis affords corresponding (Z)-1-alkenyl selenides in high yields. Alternatively, (E)-1-alkenyl selenides were prepared by the reaction of 1-alkenylaluminums with organic diselenides in a one-pot procedure starting from the corresponding 1-alkynes, which provides a versatile tool for the preparation of stereo-defined unsaturated organic derivatives of selenium.
Arthroscopic Synovectomy Combined with Autologous Fat Grafting in Early Stages of CMC Osteoarthritis of the Thumb
Authors: Kemper Robert , Wirth Johanna , Baur Eva-Maria
Published: July 2017

Background Minimal invasive treatments such as arthroscopic techniques may be adequate to restore the anatomy and functional integrity of the thumb CMC (carpometacarpal) joint. In this paper, we reported the interposition of autologous fat tissue in combination with arthroscopic synovectomy/debridement for early stage of the thumb CMC joint osteoarthritis.

Patients and Methods Twelve patients with a mean age of 46 years with early radiological stages of thumb CMC joint osteoarthritis were included. Evaluation of outcome was measured prior and 3, 12, and 24 months after surgery including, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), QuickDASH, grip and pinch strength, range of motion (ROM), and patient satisfaction.

Results Pain at rest (or with load) was reduced from preoperative 4,7 (8,7) to 2 (5,9) at 3 to 6 months; 1,4 (4,3) at 12 months; and 0,75 (2,7) at 2 years after the surgery. Initial preoperative QuickDASH value of 52 points reduced to 33 (17–65) at 6 months, 23 (2–70) at 12 months, and 20 (11–29) at 24 months after the surgery. Grip strength and thumb pinch with respect to the contralateral untreated thumb was reduced in the first 12 months but recovered subsequently. ROM was equal to the contralateral thumb. Three patients suffered from tendinitis and required surgical treatment. One patient indicated prolonged pain symptoms. No infections were noted and no donor-site morbidity or side effects were detected.

Conclusion Arthroscopic synovectomy combined with autologous fat graft is a reliable surgical option for early thumb CMC joint osteoarthritis and that effect continues for more than 24 months.
Pediatric Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Clinical Applications
Authors: Welker Kirk , Ho Mai-Lan
Published: July 2017

Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is an imaging technique based on blood oxygenation level-dependent imaging. Maps of brain activation are generated during the performance of designated tasks involving eloquent functions, such as motor, sensory, visual, auditory, and/or language. Optimal performance of fMRI in children requires consideration of multiple psychological and physiological parameters. Also, a solid technical understanding is needed for appropriate study design, implementation, processing, and interpretation. In this article, the authors review the key principles of fMRI technique, study design, data processing, and interpretation. The important clinical applications in the pediatric population will be highlighted, accompanied by example cases from their institution.
Polypharmazie – Lösungswege für eine verbesserte Arzneimitteltherapiesicherheit
Authors: Krause Olaf , Picksak Gesine , Junius-Walker Ulrike
Published: July 2017

Polypharmacy (≥ 5 drugs) is common among older people and may lead to falls, ADEs and delirium. Adherence is an important part in the medication management. Simple questions (i. e. for OTC, handling and omission of drugs) are effective. As most old people are treated by general practitioners (GP), they play a key role for drug safety and reducing polypharmacy. The involvement of pharmacists in analyzing one patient‘s drugs can enhance solutions for drug problems (“two-man rule”). An IT-based medication plan acts as an important communication tool for an enhanced team work between doctors, pharmacists and nursing care.
Pyogener Leberabszess: Erregerprofil und Konsequenzen für Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Mischnik Alexander , Kern Winfried , Thimme Robert
Published: July 2017

Liver abscess is a rare but potentially fatal disease with mortality rates of 2 – 12 %. The spectrum of causative microorganisms varies across the world and is changing due to increasing worldwide travel activity. As a result, previously less frequent pathogens must increasingly be considered in the differential diagnosis. The most common pathogens of liver abscess are so-called abscess streptococci, anaerobes and Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Certain clones among the Gram-negatives, typically among Klebsiella spp., harbour specific virulence factors and are therefore referred to as hypervirulent clones which spread worldwide. In any case, the causative agent should be identified before anti-infective treatment is initiated. Several pathogens such as Candida spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus are uncommon and only detected in a specific context. Various therapeutic regimens are available for anti-infective therapy. Usually an empirical therapy is started, combining mostly β-lactam antibiotics or quinolones with anaerobically active substances.
Material descriptors for morphotropic phase boundary curvature in lead-free piezoelectrics
Authors: Xue Dezhen , Balachandran Prasanna V. , Wu Haijun , Yuan Ruihao , Zhou Yumei , Ding Xiangdong , Sun Jun , Lookman Turab
Published: July 2017

An important aspect of searching for alternatives to the current piezoelectric workhorse PZT (PbZrxTi1−xO3) is to establish a vertical morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in the composition-temperature phase diagram. However, the MPBs in most lead-free piezoelectrics, especially the BaTiO3-based piezoelectrics, are not as vertical as that of PZT, resulting in serious temperature dependence of piezoelectric and dielectric properties. We investigate the dependence of the verticality of the MPB on polarization and strain related design descriptors in BaTiO3-based and Pb-based systems. We find that the slope of the MPB decreases monotonically with the unit cell volume ratio of the tetragonal (T) and rhombohedral (R) ends; however, it increases with the ionic displacement ratio of the two ends. As the above two descriptors are not straight forward to access as a priori information, two parameters that relate to the atomic size and effective nuclear charge are introduced to enable an effective search for a desired MPB slope. Our study thus provides potential selection rules for developing Pb-free piezoelectrics with high temperature reliability.
Frequency-multiplexed bias and readout of a 16-pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector array
Authors: Doerner S. , Kuzmin A. , Wuensch S. , Charaev I. , Boes F. , Zwick T. , Siegel M.
Published: July 2017

We demonstrate a 16-pixel array of microwave-current driven superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with an integrated and scalable frequency-division multiplexing architecture, which reduces the required number of bias and readout lines to a single microwave feed line. The electrical behavior of the photon-sensitive nanowires, embedded in a resonant circuit, as well as the optical performance and timing jitter of the single detectors is discussed. Besides the single pixel measurements, we also demonstrate the operation of a 16-pixel array with a temporal, spatial, and photon-number resolution.
Patients with HIV and coronary disease: are we meeting national guidelines?
Authors: Emmanuel Sam , Nadel James , Fagan Damien , Teeraananchai Sirinya , Law Matthew , Holloway Cameron J.
Published: July 2017

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has a higher incidence in patients with HIV infection. This study sought to determine whether HIV-infected patients with established CVD were being managed according to national guidelines. Data were collected from Australian general practitioners for 77 HIV-infected patients with a median age of 59 (range 54–64). There was good adherence to guidelines with regards to anti-platelet (84%; n = 65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 74–92%) and statin therapy (97%; n = 75; 95% CI 91–100%), despite a failure to meet cholesterol targets, with only 31% (n = 24; 95% CI 21–42%) of the cohort meeting low-density lipoprotein target values. Similarly, there was limited adherence to guidelines regarding the prescriptions of medications for those with established hypertension (66%; n = 51; 95% CI 55–77%), body mass index targets met (40%; n = 31; 95% CI 29–52%), and depression screening (32%; n = 25; 95% CI 22–44%). This Australian audit provides insight into adherence to guidelines for individuals with CVD and HIV, suggesting that current screening and management practices for these patients falls short of guidelines, particularly in relation to cholesterol management.
Multispecies Extensions to a Nonequilibrium Length-Based Mortality Estimator
Authors: Huynh Quang C. , Gedamke Todd , Hoenig John M. , Porch Clay
Published: July 2017

Recent advances in methodology allow the history of the total mortality rate experienced by a population to be estimated from periodic (e.g., annual) observations on the mean length of the population. This approach is generalized to allow data on several species that are caught together to be analyzed simultaneously based on the theory that changes in fishing effort are likely to affect several species; thus, the estimation of times when the mortality rate changes for one species borrows strength from data on other, concurrently caught species. Information theory can be used to select among models describing the degree of synchrony (if any) in mortality changes for a suite of species. This approach is illustrated using data on Puerto Rican handline fishery catches of three snapper species: Silk Snapper Lutjanus vivanus, Blackfin Snapper L. buccanella, and Vermilion Snapper Rhomboplites aurorubens. We identified the best model as the one that provided for simultaneous decreases in mortality rate around the year 1997 and for separate, species-specific magnitudes of change in total mortality. The simultaneous estimation of parameters for multiple species can provide for more credibility in the inferred mortality trends than is possible with independent estimation for each species.
The Peterson variety and the wonderful compactification
Authors: Bălibanu Ana
Published: July 2017

We look at the centralizer in a semisimple algebraic group

G
G

of a regular nilpotent element

e
∈
Lie
(
G
)

e\in \text {Lie}(G)

and show that its closure in the wonderful compactification is isomorphic to the Peterson variety. It follows that the closure in the wonderful compactification of the centralizer

G
x

G^x

of any regular element

x
∈
Lie
(
G
)

x\in \text {Lie}(G)

is isomorphic to the closure of a general

G
x

G^x

-orbit in the flag variety. We also give a description of the

G
e

G^e

-orbit structure of the Peterson variety.
The Road Ahead
Authors: Archibald Robert B.
Published: July 2017

The nation is faced with a complex set of social and economic stresses that defy easy answers and that cannot be reduced to a simple story of the virtuous against the villainous. Given the complexity of the problems, this chapter outlines possible reforms to the “macro” policies that the federal government and the states use to fund students and institutions. The chapter also identifies a set of “micro” interventions that could improve matching, retention, and completion, and which states could use to potentially change the balance between flagships (and other selective public institutions) and the less selective state universities that educate the bulk of the nation’s at-risk population.
Richard Baxter and the Mechanical Philosophers
Authors: Sytsma David S.
Published: July 2017

Richard Baxter, one of the most famous Puritans of the seventeenth century, is generally known as a writer of practical and devotional literature. But he also excelled in knowledge of medieval and early modern scholastic theology, and was conversant with a wide variety of seventeenth-century philosophies. Baxter was among the early English polemicists to write against the mechanical philosophy of René Descartes and Pierre Gassendi in the years immediately following the establishment of the Royal Society. At the same time, he was friends with Robert Boyle and Matthew Hale, corresponded with Joseph Glanvill, and engaged in philosophical controversy with Henry More. This book is a chronological and thematic account of Baxter’s relation to the people and concepts involved in the rise of mechanical philosophy in late seventeenth-century England. Drawing on largely unexamined works, including Baxter’s Methodus theologiae christianae (1681) and manuscript treatises and correspondence, this book discusses Baxter’s response to mechanical philosophers on the nature of substance, laws of motion, the soul, and ethics. Analysis of these topics is framed by a consideration of the growth of Christian Epicureanism in England, Baxter’s overall approach to reason and philosophy, and his attempt to understand creation as an analogical reflection of God’s power, wisdom, and goodness, understood as vestigia Trinitatis. Baxter’s views on reason, analogical knowledge of God, and vestigia Trinitatis draw on medieval precedents and directly inform a largely hostile, though partially accommodating, response to mechanical philosophy.
Lessons Learned
Authors: Allen-Meares Paula , Hollingsworth Leslie , Miller Patricia L.
Published: July 2017

Abstract: Chapter 12 is organized very differently from earlier chapters in this volume. It contains a list of lessons learned from those associated with the University of Michigan School of Social Work/Technical Assistance Center (UMSSW/TAC) and includes observations from those deeply involved in the Good Neighborhoods project. These observations and insights are divided into topical areas, but the list does not reflect a rank order of lessons learned or priorities. They are instead reflections on a multiyear initiative to create better outcomes for children and youth living in an urban context undergoing vast social and economic changes and challenges, some of which were adverse (see Chapter 2).
The Framing of Sacred Space
Authors: Bogdanovic Jelena
Published: July 2017

The Framing of Sacred Space offers the first topical study of canopies as essential spatial and symbolic units in Byzantine-rite churches. Centrally planned columnar structures—typically comprising four columns and a roof—canopies had a critical role in the modular and additive processes of church design, from actual church furnishings in the shape of a canopy, to the church’s structural core defined by four columns and a dome. As architectonic objects of basic structural and design integrity, canopies integrate an archetypical image of architecture and provide means for an innovative understanding of the materialization of the idea of the Byzantine church and its multifocal spatial presence. The book considers both the material and conceptual framing of sacred space and explains how the canopy bridges the physical and transcendental realms. As a crucial element of church design in the Byzantine world, a world that gradually abandoned the basilica as a typical building of Roman imperial secular architecture, the canopy carried tectonic and theological meanings and, through vaulted, canopied bays and recognizable Byzantine domed churches, established organic architectural, symbolic, and sacred ties between the Old and New Covenants. In such an overarching context, the canopy becomes an architectural parti, a vital concept and dynamic design principle that carries the essence of the Byzantine church. The Framing of Sacred Space highlights significant factors in understanding canopies through specific architectural settings and the Byzantine concepts of space, thus also contributing to larger debates about the creation of sacred space and related architectural “taxonomy.”
Canopies in the Byzantine Church
Authors: Bogdanović Jelena
Published: July 2017

By highlighting more than two hundred archeologically confirmed canopies, this chapter details their geographical and chronological distribution and placement and use within the church over altars, baptismal and holy water fonts, ambos, tombs, shrines, relics, and icons. With the increasing interest in “soft” archeology that not only documents architecture as buildings but also carefully analyzes traces of their original settings, including various fittings and material evidence that can hint at a better understanding of religious space, new discoveries of canopies from the Christian East are additionally presented. The chapter further highlights how the functions or spatial arrangements of medieval architectural installations are not uniformly related to their form, materiality, decoration, or meaning. This can be seen most vividly through analysis of the various examples of altar and baptismal canopies, the most numerous groups of preserved canopied installations. The analysis also precludes proposing an evolution and linear development of canopies.
The Zen of Rags
Authors: Arai Paula
Published: July 2017

This chapter combines ethnographic research (including in-depth interviews with Zen monastics and laity, especially women) with private and public instruction to reveal the significance and the roles of rags in Zen culture. It provides a critical analysis of root assumptions embedded in Zen rags, and it reinterprets Dōgen’s radical nondual wisdom recorded in the Eihei shingi, Eihei kōroku, and Shōbōgenzō with rags in mind. It also elucidates various Zen practices and anecdotes in which rags wipe, wring, clean, protect, heal, and teach both ontological and soteriological dimensions of Zen. This chapter also explores how rags reveal the dynamics of enlightenment in everyday monastic and domestic spheres, and highlights the dimensions of healing and beauty that shape the practices inherent in Zen material culture.
Why Children Follow Rules
Authors: Tyler Tom R. , Trinkner Rick
Published: July 2017

Legal socialization is the process by which children and adolescents acquire their law-related values. Such values, in particular legitimacy, underlie the ability and willingness to consent to laws and defer to legal authorities and make legitimacy-based legal systems possible. In their absence people relate to the law as coercion and respond to rewards and punishments. By age eighteen a person’s orientation toward law is largely established, yet recent legal scholarship has largely ignored this early period in favor of studying adults and their relationship to the law. This volume focuses upon socialization and outlines what is known about legal socialization in the family, in schools, and through contacts with the juvenile justice system. Our review of the literature indicates that there are ways to socialize that build legitimacy. These are linked to three issues: how decisions are made, how people are treated, and whether authorities respect the boundaries of their authority. Despite evidence that legitimacy can be socialized, views about the best way to exercise authority are highly contested in America today in families, schools, and within the juvenile justice system. In each case pressures toward coercion are strong. This volume argues for the virtues of a consent-based approach and for utilizing socialization practices that promote such a model.
Ordoliberalism, the Social-Market Economy, and Keynesianism in Germany, 1945–1974
Authors: Hagemann Harald
Published: July 2017

The chapter deals with the development of the welfare state in the first three decades after World War II, in which the West German economy ran through a remarkable catching-up process. Economic policy in the new Federal Republic of Germany in that period was decisively shaped and influenced by the ordoliberal ideas of Walter Eucken and the Freiburg school and the principles of the social-market economy. Whereas Keynesianism of the Hicks-Samuelson neoclassical synthesis had already evolved into the dominant view in the academic sphere during the 1950s, it took until the 1966–67 recession for Keynesianism to find a late (and short) entry into German economic policy with the entry of the Social Democrats into government and their charismatic minister of economics, Karl Schiller.
A Dictionary of Gender Studies
Authors: Griffin Gabriele
Published: July 2017

Over 430 entries

This new dictionary provides clear and accessible definitions of a range of terms from within the fast-developing field of Gender Studies. It covers terms which have emerged out of Gender Studies, such as cyber feminism, the double burden, and the male gaze, and gender-focused definitions of more general terms, such as housework, intersectionality, and trolling. It also covers major feminist figures, including Hélène Cixous, bell hooks, and Mary Wollstonecraft, as well as groups and movements from Votes for Women to Reclaim the Night. It is an invaluable reference resource for students taking Gender Studies courses at undergraduate or postgraduate level, and for those applying a gender perspective within other subject areas.
Impacts of Metabolic Syndrome Scores on Cerebrovascular Conductance Are Mediated by Arterial Stiffening
Authors: Pasha Evan P , Birdsill Alex C , Oleson Stephanie , Haley Andreana P , Tanaka Hirofumi
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND

Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) exhibit reduced cerebral blood flow. The mechanisms of this reduction remain unknown but arterial stiffening has been implicated as a contributor. We determined if MetS was associated with reduced cerebral blood flow at midlife, and if so, whether arterial stiffness was responsible for mediating their relation.

METHODS

Middle-aged (40–60 years) community dwelling adults (n = 83) were studied. MetS score was calculated for each subject. Middle cerebral artery hemodynamics was measured using transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Indices of aortic, systemic, and carotid artery stiffness were derived.

RESULTS

Subjects had subclinical MetS pathology (MetS score = 19.8 ± 10.4) that was inversely associated with cerebrovascular conductance (CVC: r = −0.261, P = 0.02). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) (r = −0.188, P = 0.09), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) (r = −0.161, P = 0.15), and carotid artery distensibility (r = −0.10, P = 0.37) abrogated the direct association of MetS score and CVC, demonstrating full mediation. Nonparametric bootstrapping further indicated significant indirect effects of cfPWV, baPWV, and carotid artery distensibility, fully mediating reductions of CVC exerted from sublcinical MetS. Carotid artery distensibility demonstrated the greatest effect on CVC (B = −0.0019, SE = 0.0012, −0.0050 to −0.0002 95% confidence interval).

CONCLUSIONS

Arterial stiffness, particularly the stiffness of the carotid artery, mediated reductions in CVC related to MetS.
The Role of Occupation in Explaining Cognitive Functioning in Later Life: Education and Occupational Complexity in a U.S. National Sample of Black and White Men and Women
Authors: Fujishiro Kaori , MacDonald Leslie A , Crowe Michael , McClure Leslie A , Howard Virginia J , Wadley Virginia G
Published: July 2017

Objective

Positive associations between education and late-life cognition have been widely reported. This study examines whether occupational complexity mediates the relationship between education and late-life cognition, and whether the magnitude of mediation differs by race, gender, or education level.

Methods

Data were from a population-based cohort of non-Hispanic Blacks and Whites aged ≥45 years (n = 7,357). Education was categorized as less than high school, high school, some college, and college or higher. Using linear regression, we estimated the direct effect of each successive increase in education on cognitive functioning and indirect effects via substantive complexity of work.

Results

Occupational complexity significantly mediated 11%–22% of the cognitive gain associated with higher levels of education. The pattern of mediation varied between White men and all other race–gender groups: among White men, the higher the education, the greater the mediation effect by occupational complexity. Among Black men and women of both races, the higher the education, the smaller the mediation effect.

Discussion

Higher levels of education may provide opportunity for intellectually engaging environments throughout adulthood in the form of complex work, which may protect late-life cognition. However, this protective effect of occupational complexity may not occur equally across race–gender subgroups.
Research Methodology in Deaf Education
Authors: Moores Donald F.
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this chapter is to provide historical context for research in deaf education. Educators began conducting research from the time of the establishment of the first school for the deaf in the United States in 1816, long before the development of sophisticated research methodology. Investigators used the resources at hand and addressed issues of importance in their time. First reports tended to be anecdotal and self-report, followed by demographic studies. Research in the first half of the twentieth century concentrated on mental measurement and standardized tests of academic achievement. From this developed a core of professionals with skills to conduct studies in a wide range of areas and consumers with the interest to profit from them. Since that time, advances have been made in the study of sign languages, language acquisition, intellectual and cognitive assessment, and measurement of academic achievement, resulting in a broad array of research approaches.
Cracking the China Conundrum
Authors: Huang Yukon
Published: July 2017

China is an abnormal economic power. No country has grown so rapidly for so long and in such an extreme manner. Media coverage has soared because China’s rise is now challenging the world’s balance of power. Yet one is as likely to read about a possible financial crisis as its emergence as the world’s largest economy. But much of the analysis is flawed, as are many of the policy prescriptions. China’s unbalanced growth, for example, is seen as a risk but in reality is a virtue. Its soaring debt levels are perceived as signaling a financial collapse but can also be interpreted as evidence of financial deepening. Its trade and foreign investment initiatives are blamed for exacerbating America’s economic decline, even though there is little connection between the two. The factors that have influenced broader concerns, such as corruption and political liberalization, are often misunderstood. And Beijing’s foreign policies in Asia need to be deciphered and dealt with differently if there is to be any hope of moderating geopolitical tensions with the United States and its regional allies. Explaining why there is such extreme variation in views and why the conventional wisdom is so often wrong is the theme of this book. Observers see China’s rise through multiple lenses. Geopolitical differences in values and mistrust is part of the explanation, but differing analytical frameworks, along with China’s size and complexity, are the major reasons. Understanding these differences is critical to forging more constructive relations between China and the rest of the world.
The Neurobiology of Trust and Social Decision-Making
Authors: Engelmann Jan B. , Fehr Ernst
Published: July 2017

There is accumulating evidence suggesting that emotions can have a strong impact on social decision-making. However, the neural mechanisms of emotional influences on choice are less well understood to date. This chapter integrates recent results from two independent but related research streams in social neuroeconomics and social neuroscience, which together identify the neural mechanisms involved in the influences of emotions on social choice. Specifically, research in social neuroeconomics has shown that social decisions, such as trust-taking, involve commonly ignored emotional considerations in addition to economic considerations related to payouts. These results are paralleled by recent findings in social neuroscience that underline the role of emotions in social interactions. Because anticipatory emotions associated with social approval and rejection can have important, but often ignored, influences on social choices the integration of emotions into theories of social decision-making is necessary.