bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflexiones ante los indicadores de desarrollo y los desafíos ambientales
Authors: Zúñiga M. Óscar Emerson
Published: March 2017

A la lista de preocupaciones que acompañan la existencia humana durante las últimas décadas se ha sumado la de los efectos que los estilos de vida tienen sobre el ecosistema, debido, principalmente, a que los cambios introducidos son de tal magnitud que no solo está en riesgo la vida de una especie de rana de zonas tropicales, o la del tigre de sistemas de sabanas inundables, sino que existe un factor de presión capaz de someter a un alto grado de vulnerabilidad a millones de seres humanos ubicados en los ecosistemas más diversos, pero, a las vez, más frágiles del planeta. Esta preocupación moral se extiende a los campos de la política y a la epistemología, donde se viene cuestionando, desde la economía ecológica, la pertinencia de indicadores de desarrollo elaborados según la economía neoclásica, como expresión de una discusión más profunda de la relación sociedad-naturaleza.
Caracterización del mercado de la carne de cerdo en nueve municipios de Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Beltrán Hernández Diana Constanza , Becerra Patarroyo Fabio , López Arismendy Blanca Yolanda
Published: March 2017

El mercado de carne de cerdo en Boyacá está sujeto a fluctuaciones e inestabilidad, exponiendo al productor a precios desfavorables, desconocimiento de la calidad de su producto y baja rentabilidad. Esta investigación establece las características de los sistemas de comercialización de carne de cerdo en nueve municipios, para identificar los aspectos que contribuyan a mejorar la estructura de comercialización formal y beneficien productor, puntos de venta y consumidor final. Se determinó el potencial de oferta de carne de cerdo en volumen y calidad, se identificaron los canales de comercialización, se identificaron los motivadores o inhibidores de compra de la carne de cerdo, su posición frente a las otras carnes y el potencial del mercado, según los canales de comercialización existentes y se establecieron los requerimientos en términos de presentación y de precio de la carne de cerdo en puntos de consumo. El análisis estadístico se basó en un método Analítico sintético, por cuanto, se parte de la descomposición del objeto de estudio, analizando cada uno de los actores que participan en el proceso. Se determinó que el potencial de producción de carne de cerdo es relativamente bajo. Tanto para los productores, puntos de venta y consumo local, el principal motivador del consumo es la palatabilidad y el principal inhibidor es el riesgo de transmisión del virus AH1N1. Se concluye que la porcicultura en Boyacá se encuentra en un proceso evolutivo que requiere un asesoramiento permanente en producción y comercialización, y campañas de promoción al consumo, además de la estandarización de precios.
Influencia de la aplicación de vinaza en la estructura de comunidades bacterianas en un Entic dystropept y un Fluventic haplustoll del Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Montenegro Gómez Sandra Patricia , Menjivar Flóres Juan Carlos , Riascos Donald
Published: March 2017

Se evaluo el efecto de aplicacion de vinaza y potasio sobre la estructura de comunidades bacterianas de maiz dulce (Zea mays) en un Entic dystropept y en un Fluventic haplustoll del Valle de Cauca, Colombia. Se siguio un diseno completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cinco repeticiones: T1 (100% requerimiento de K+ con KCl), T2 (100% requerimiento de K+ con vinaza), T3 (50% requerimiento de K+ con KCl +50% con vinaza) y T4 (25% requerimiento de K+ con KCl +75% con vinaza). Se establecio la relacion entre estructuras de comunidades microbianas y aplicacion de vinaza por el metodo PCR-DGGE de amplicones del gen rRNA 16S. El T1 y T2 del Entic dystropept presento mayor numero de amplicones y el analisis cluster de distancia euclidiana indico que existe similaridad de comunidades bacterianas en estos tratamientos donde tanto la vinaza como KCl fueron aplicados para suplir el 100% de fuente de potasio
Sustancias utilizadas como agente gelificante alternativas al agar en medios de cultivo para propagación in vitro
Authors: Martin Gordo Darío Alonso , Cárdenas Gonzalez Oswaldo , Constantino Pacheco José
Published: March 2017

El cultivo de tejidos vegetales comprende un conjunto técnicas ampliamente usadas para propagación vegetal in vitro; sin embargo, una desventaja es el alto costo de componentes utilizados para el medio de cultivo, entre éstos, el agar (solidificante más utilizado), pues la demanda ha elevado su precio. En este artículo se recopilan algunas investigaciones sobre sustancias que se han utilizado como agentes solidificantes alternativos, entre los que se resaltan los almidones (nativos o modificados) y algunas gomas de plantas y exudados bacterianos, que han sido empleados en procesos de organogénesis, embriogénesis y proliferación vegetativa. Los almidones y las gomas reportadas presentaron resultados favorables en el cultivo in vitro de algunas especies vegetales. Se concluye que tanto las gomas como los almidones pueden ser potenciales sustitutos, parciales o totales del agar y logran una disminución de los costos con los almidones, y su posibilidad de modificarse químicamente para mejorar su capacidad gelificante
DINAMIKA PENERJEMAHAN AL-QUR’AN: Polemik Karya Terjemah Al-Qur’an HB Jassin dan Tarjamah Tafsiriyah Al-Qur’an Muhammad Thalib
Authors: Istianah Istianah
Published: March 2017

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang penerjemahan al-Qur’an di Indonesia yang menjadi penanda adanya interaksi umat Islam di Indonesia dengan Kitab Sucinya yang tidak terbatas pada membaca dan mengkajinya dalam lafaz asli, yaitu bahasa Arab. Seperti halnya tafsir al-Qur’an yang penuh dengan dinamika, penerjemahan al-Qur’an pun menyentuh ranah polemik yang menyeret perhatian para penganutnya dari kalangan yang berbeda-beda. Polemik yang dimaksud dapat ditemukan di antara bangunan sejarah penerjemahan yang panjang. Dalam kajian ini, penulis memilih dua polemik penerjemahan yang pernah muncul, yaitu “Al-Qur’an Bacaan Mulia” dan “Al-Qur’an Berwajah Puisi” karya HB Jassin dan “Tarjamah Tafsiriyah Al-Qur’an” Muhammad Thalib. Keduanya memiliki wajah yang sangat berbeda, yang pertama, dengan berpegang pada paradigma etika dan estetika secara bebas mengutamakan keindahan kalimat dan kedalaman makna yang syarat akan nuansa sastra. Sedangkan yang kedua, melalui paradigma teologis mendasarkan terjemahnya atas tafsir-tafsir Al-Qur’an sehingga menghasilkan terjemah yang sangat hati-hati, terbatas akan makna dan kandungannya.
TAFSIR KONTEMPORER ADAB AL-IJTIMAI’Y (Studi Kitab Karya Ahmad Mustafa Al-Maraghy 1881-1945 M)
Authors: Masyhud Masyhud
Published: March 2017

Tulisan ini mengkaji pemikiran Syaikh Ahmad Mustafa Al-Maraghy. Ia adalah mufassir yang kupasan tafsirnya menggunakan pendekatan adab al-ijtima’iy (budaya, sosial kemasyarakatan). Pemikirannya dipengaruhi oleh para pendahulunya  seperti M. Abduh, M. Rasyid Ridha dan M. Mustafa al-Maraghy. Tafsir ini memiliki corak mederen dengan memandang bahwa al-Qur’an adalah bagian dari bukti kekuasaan dan tanda kebesaran Allah SWT. Membedah pintu tajdid secara luas dengan meninggalkan taklid buta. Kupasan kajiannya  menembus lapisan bawah - atas  sampai pejabatat tinggi. Pesan utamanya adalah kembali memurnikan ajaran al-Qur’an dengan meninggalkan bid’ah, takhayul dan khurafat.
MANHAJ TAFSIR MOHAMMAD ARKOUN
Authors: Nasrudin Nasrudin
Published: March 2017

Tulisan ini mengkaji Muhammad Arkoun sebagai salah satu tokoh diantara banyaknya pemikir dan tokoh muslim yang memberikan tawaran dalam metodologi penafsiran  Al-Qur’an. Dia menawarkan kajian yang cukup berani dalam pembacaannya terhadap al-Qur’an. Secara radikal Arkoun mempersoalkan kembali esensi wahyu sebagai kalam Allah yang transenden dan wacana wahyu sebagai perwujudan kalam tersebut dalam dataran imanen. Ia menekankan pembecaan al-Qur’an sebagai kajain yang memungkinkan suatu pembacaan yang ideal bertepatan dengan maksud-maksud pemaknaan yang asli dari al-Qur’an pada tahap wacana bukan pada tahap teks. Tuhan (Saya/kami) yang mengalamatkan mode imperative kepada Engkau Perantara/Muhammad untuk mencapai mereka/manusia melaui empat fase yaitu kalam Allah, wacana Qur’ani, korpus resmi tertutup dan korpus tertafsir. Dengan mengadopsi ilmu-ilmu barat kontemporer dalam menafsirkan Al-Qur'an, baik itu ilmu linguistik, sejarah, antropologi dan yang lainnya, dia mengharapkan akan menghasilkan penafsiran baru yang belum pernah dilakukan oleh ilmuan muslim sebelumnya. Ia telah mengangkat hermeneutika al-Qur'an dalam terma-terma kontemporer modern sehingga penafsiran al-Qur'an yang ia tawarkan cukup menggeser peran metode tafsir al-Qur'an bil ma'tsur. Meskipun ia telah dituduh menyalahgunakan penfsiran al-Qur’an, gagasannya perlu ditimbang secara bijak. Makalah ini hendak menguraikan tentang pandangan Mohammad Arkoun terhadap Al-Qur'an, dan metodologinya dalam menginterpretasi al-Qur'an.
FIQH TOLERANSI DALAM PESPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN DEPARTEMEN AGAMA RI
Authors: Wahidah Nur Robi
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this writing is observation about thematic tafsir about tolerance. Tolerance as main fundamental in Islam which indicate of Islam Nusantara. The basis of tolerance attitude is separate from the teaching which taking from Quran which as guidance for Islamic people in doing their religious activities. In Quran we regularly find the verse that contain of tolerance such as there is no force in religion , it refers to al baqoroh 256 verses, and many other verses. Parallel with Ministry of religion affairs, there are fours things which will elaborate in this paper. Firstly, Verse of tolerance in quran. Secondly, the characteristic of thematic tafseer , Thirdly, Identification of depag’s interpretation of tolerance verse. Fourthly, Building tolerance fiqh base on interpretation of Depag about tolerance verses. By this concept hopefully possible to building tolerance fiqh and it has law position because taking from verse tolerance which is made by Depag.
The media regulation debate in a democracy lacking a free expression guarantee
Authors: Pearson Mark
Published: March 2017

Two major inquiries into the Australian news media in 2011 and 2012 prompted a necessary debate over the extent to which rapidly converging and globalised news businesses and platforms require statutory regulation at a national level. Three regulatory models emerged—a News Media Council backed by recourse to the contempt powers of courts; a super self-regulatory body with legislative incentives to join; and the status quo with a strengthened Australian Press Council policing both print and online media. This article reviews the proposals and explores further the suggestion that consumer laws could be better utilised in any reform. It concludes with an assessment of the impact of the inquiries and their recommendations upon free expression in a Western democracy lacking constitutional protection of the media.
REVIEW: Mixed bag with an eye on PBRF deadline
Authors: Atkinson Joe
Published: March 2017

There is a very good and useful book waiting to escape from this collection on journalism and public affairs in New Zealand. Its editorial troika of scholars (from three different universities) have set themselves laudable but editorially exacting goals, made more demanding by the accelerated climate of academic publishing. The stated editorial intent is to address the ‘tensions between [journalistic] practitioners and academics … exemplified in the enduring tendency to see “theory” and “practice” as irrevocably opposed’ (p. 21), and to ‘redirect [New Zealand journalism] towards a more critical and reflexive position of intellectual confidence and independence’ (p. 24).
Murciélagos asociados al campus de la Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
Authors: Chacón-Pacheco Julio , Viloria-Rivas José , Ramos-Madera Camilo
Published: March 2017

Se determinó la riqueza, abundancia y el uso de refugios por murciélagos asociados a un área urbana, la Universidad de Córdoba ubicada en la ciudad de Montería, departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Se aplicaron dos métodos, revisión de refugios desde febrero de 2011 hasta octubre de 2015 y captura con redes de niebla de 6x3 m entre los meses de agosto y noviembre de 2014, y los meses de mayo, junio, agosto y octubre de 2015, las redes fueron ubicadas entre las 18:00 y 24:00 horas. La complementariedad de métodos permitió el registro de 113 individuos distribuidos en diez especies, nueve géneros y cuatro familias. Las familias Phyllostomidae y Molossidae fueron registradas por capturas en redes y revisión de refugios, mientras que las familias Emballonuridae y Noctilionidae solo en la revisión de refugios. Para los gremios tróficos se encontró mayor representatividad del gremio frugívoro con cuatro especies, seguido por tres insectívoros, un nectarívoro, un omnívoro y un piscívoro. Esto sugiere que zonas antropizados con complejidad estructural como el campus de la Universidad de Córdoba permiten el manteamiento de especies asociadas a la oferta de alimentos y refugios.
Circunferencia escrotal y parámetros morfométricos en machos Bubalus bubalis de la raza Murrah
Authors: Espitia P Amado , Montes Vergara Donicer , Hernandez M Enelida , Sfeir B Hernando
Published: March 2017

Objetivo: Caracterizar la circunferencia escrotal (CE) y su relación con otros parámetros morfometricos en machos bufalinos (Bubalus bubalis) de la raza Murrah en la Hacienda Mosquito, Municipio de San Marcos – Sucre – Colombia. Metodología: Se tomaron 14 machos a partir del destete hasta los 20 meses de edad, se les realizaron medidas testiculares (CE, longitud testicular), peso corporal y alzada al anca, cada 28 días. Para establecer la CE del grupo en estudio se utilizó estadística descriptiva, media y desviación estándar. Igualmente análisis de correlaciones simples entre CE con edad, peso, alzada al anca y longitud testicular (derecha e izquierda). Resultados: La CE aumentó durante el seguimiento experimental de 12,4 ± 1,0 cm a 20,2 ± 1,4 cm. El peso osciló de 162,1 ± 24,9 kg a 323,8 ± 39,8 kg. La LTD fluctúo de 4,0 ± 0,7 cm a 7,4 ± 0,7 cm. La LTI inició con 4,2 ± 0,5 cm y culminó con 6,9 ± 0,6 cm y la alzada al anca a los 10 meses fue de 104 ± 4,4 cm a 118 ± 3,4 cm a los 20 meses de edad de los animales estudiados. Las correlaciones entre CE con edad, peso, longitud testicular derecha e izquierda y alzada al anca fueron: r= 0,4, 0,90; 0,93; 0,91, y 0,71 respectivamente. Se concluye, que el crecimiento de la CE no fue uniforme, además se encontró una alta correlación entre la CE y los parámetros morfometricos estudiados.
ETHNIC RELATIONS IN THE CITY OF PONTIANAK (A STUDY OF INTER-ETHNIC RELATIONS AT GANG DAMAI, KOTA BARU, PONTIANAK)
Authors: MS Ibrahim
Published: March 2017

Peace and harmony in life is one of the goals of the communities at Gang Damai in their social relations. This condition becomes very special when, in other places at the same time, conflicts and hostilities often occurred in the history of inter-ethnic relations in this region. This is the underlying reason of the naming of the place of this research i.e. “Gang Damai” (peaceful alley). This study found four key factors underlying the harmony and good relations between the ethnic groups; first, a positive outlook on the ethnic communities; second, distinctive efforts undertaken by the community members in order to continue to maintain good social relations, security, peace and harmony; third, awareness practiced by all communities in an effort to build and maintain social relations in the spirit of solidarity; fourth, different ethnic communities manage to minimize all forms of issues that could potentially become a trigger for conflicts by building intensive communication and social relations among themselves. In addition, unique social relation patterns built and inter-ethnic marriages have also become a model in building peaceful ethnic relations at Gang Damai until today.

Keywords: Peace, Harmony, Social Relations, Ethnicity
Kepulauan Aru dan Integrasi Kebangsaan dalam Perspektif Sejarah dan Budaya
Authors: Wakim Mezak
Published: March 2017

National integration is a central issue in the context of the management of the foremost islands in Indonesia. Aru Islands is one of the areas in Moluccas which became the region’s leading Indonesian island. This paper aims to address issues related to the Aru Islands national integration as one of the leading regions in Indonesia. Discussions focused on the perspective of history and culture as one of the approaches in addressing the issue of national integration. Therefore, use literature to illustrate the historical and cultural Aru Islands. The results of the discussion of an understanding that the similarity of historical and cultural background of the Aru Islands and surrounding areas provide awareness of the importance of national integration in the management of the outer islands in Indonesia.Integrasi kebangsaan merupakan isu sentral dalam konteks pengelolaan pulau terdepan di Indonesia. Kepulauan Aru adalah salah satu wilayah di Maluku yang menjadi kawasan bagi pulau terdepan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjawab permasalahan terkait isu integrasi kebangsaan bagi Kepulauan Aru sebagai salah satu wilayah terdepan di Indonesia. Pembahasan difokuskan pada perspektif sejarah dan budaya sebagai salah satu pendekatan dalam menjawab isu integrasi kebangsaan. Oleh karena itu, digunakan studi pustaka untuk memberi gambaran historis dan kultural Kepulauan Aru. Hasil pembahasan memberi pemahaman bahwa kesamaan latar belakang historis dan kultural Kepulauan Aru dan sekitarnya memberi kesadaran akan pentingnya integrasi kebangsaan dalam pengelolaan pulau-pulau terdepan di Indonesia.
Pola Hias Gerabah Pada Situs-Situs di Kawasan Danau Sentani, Papua
Authors: Mene Bau
Published: March 2017

Pottery is a type of man-made objects made with raw materials burnt clay, pottery has been known since prehistoric times. Pottery not only used as a fixture of daily needs are also often used as a burial container or as stock tomb. Fragments of pottery were found in the region of Lake Sentani rich decorative patterns including patterns of decorative lines and waves. The purpose of this study was to determine the decorative patterns found on pottery found at sites in the region of Lake Sentani and to know the techniques of pottery were found at sites in the region of Lake Sentani. The method used in this research is the method of data collection and data processing methods. Data collection was performed by means of a survey and excavation, while the data processing is done by classifying the findings for later analysis. The analysis was conducted to see the decorative patterns found on pottery and decorative techniques are used.Gerabah adalah benda jenis buatan manusia yang dibuat dengan bahan baku tanah liat yang dibakar, gerabah sudah dikenal sejak jaman prasejarah. Gerabah selain digunakan sebagai perlengkapan keperluan sehari-hari juga seringkali digunakan sebagai wadah penguburan atau sebagai bekal kubur. Fragmen gerabah yang ditemukan di kawasan Danau Sentani kaya akan pola hias diantaranya pola hias garis dan gelombang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola hias yang terdapat pada gerabah yang ditemukan pada situs-situs di kawasan Danau Sentani dan untuk mengetahui teknik pembuatan gerabah yang ditemukan pada situs-situs di kawasan Danau Sentani. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengumpulan data dan metode pengolahan data. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara survei dan ekskavasi sedangkan pengolahan data dilakukan dengan cara mengklasifikasi temuan untuk kemudian dianalisis. Analisis dilakukan untuk melihat pola hias yang terdapat pada gerabah dan teknik hias yang digunakan.
Karakteristik Bangunan Suci Bercorak Hindu-Buddha di Gunung Penanggungan dan Gunung Wajak: Sebuah Tinjauan Perbandingan
Authors: Izza Nainunis Aulia
Published: March 2017

This is a comparison research between the sacred buildings at Penanggungan Mountain and the Wajak Mountain. There are two purposes of this research. Firstly, this study tries to reconstruct the cultural history of the Hindu-Buddhist period which is associated with religious elements on Penanggungan and Wajak Mountain. Secondly, this study aims to reveal the life of the Hindu-Buddhist. This study employs a qualitative approach. The data are obtained from the field and literature. The results show that religious elements at Penanggungan and Wajak Mountains can be seen from the shape of the building as well as the function of the building. The unique characteristic of sacred buildings located at both mountains associated with natural factors and the community. Religious elements can be seen by comparing various elements of religious background, surrounding environment, religious community, and relationships between buildings and historical figures.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan dan membahas Gunung Penanggungan dan Gunung Wajak sebagai tempat dibangunnya banguna-bangunann suci bercorak Hindu-Buddha. Ada dua masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini.  Pertama, mengenai unsur religi dibalik corak bangunan suci bercorak Agama Hindu dan Buddha di Gunung Penanggungan dan Gunung Wajak. Kedua, mengenai perbandingan karakteristik unsur religi bangunan suci bercorak Agama Hindu dan Buddha di Gunung Penanggungan dan Gunung Wajak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencoba merekonstruksi sejarah kebudayaan masa Hindu-Buddha terutama yang berkaitan dengan unsur religi serta mengungkapkan kehidupan kaum agamawan pada masa Hindu-Buddha terutama yang melaksanakan kegiatan ritualnya di wilayah pegunungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh dari hasil studi lapangan dan studi pustaka. Studi lapangan dilakukan dengan melakukan kunjungan ke beberapa situs di Gunung Penanggungan dan Gunung Wajak sedangkan studi pustaka dilakukan dengan menelusuri penelitian terdahulu dan referensi yang berkaitan dengan topik yang dibahas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Gunung Penanggungan dan Gunung Wajak unsur religi dapat terlihat dari bentuk bangunan dan perkiraan fungsi bangunannya. Bangunan-bangunan suci yang berada di Gunung Penanggungan dan Gunung Wajak memiliki karakteristik tersendiri yang berhubungan dengan faktor alam dan karakter masyarakat pembuatnya. Unsur religi dapat dilihat melalui perbandingan berbagai unsur antara lain unsur latar keagamaan, lingkungan sekitar bangunan suci, masyarakat pengguna bangunan, dan hubungannya dengan tokoh sejarah.
Nilai-Nilai Sosial dan Religi dalam Tradisi Megalitik di Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Hasanuddin Nfn
Published: March 2017

South Sulawesi is a region which has a several culture and megalith tradition that spread in various locations. Of those various forms and kinds of that megalith monument, there are important values that can be reinvented for the society. The purpose is to determine the social dan religious value of megalithic culture in South Sulawesi. In order to recognize those values, a research with an ethnoarchaeological approach has been done through direct observations and surveys in the society which still have megalith tradition, and focused to identify its values and functions in society. This research found that this tradition was developed since the 2nd AD until the 10th to 13th AD. During that period, the settlement system was composed of small communities that occupying highland and lowland. That small community was called wanua which spread across South Sulawesi peninsula. At the present time, that megalith tradition is still found in Torajan community, and in several ritual practices among communities in Enrekang and Soppeng regency, South Sulawesi. Generally, that megalith tradition is endorsing several values such like cooperation and spiritual.Sulawesi Selatan merupakan suatu daerah yang memiliki beberapa bentuk budaya dan tradisi megalitik (kebudayaan batu besar) yang tersebar di berbagai wilayah. Dari berbagai bentuk dan jenis megalitik itu tentunya memiliki nilai-nilai  yang dapat diterapkan dalam masyarakat. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui nilai sosial dan religi dari kebudayaan megalitik di Sulawesi selatan. Dalam pencapaiannya digunakan pendekatan etnoarkeologi dengan cara melakukan survei di beberapa daerah di Sulawesi Selatan yang memiliki peninggalan megalitik. Selanjutnya dilakukan wawancara dan pengamatan langsung di masyarakat yang masih menggunakan kebudayaan megalitik untuk mengetahui fungsi dalam masyarakat. Penelitian selama ini menunjukkan bahwa kebudayaan ini berawal sekitar abad ke-2 Masehi dan terus berlanjut pada abad ke-10 hingga abad ke-13 Masehi. Sistem permukiman pada masa itu merupakan kelompok-kelompok komunitas yang menempati wilayah ketinggian dan dataran rendah. Pada awal terbentuknya populasi disebabkan adanya berbagai daerah otonom kecil yang disebut wanuwa yang terdapat di beberapa daerah di seluruh semenanjung Sulawesi Selatan. Budaya ini masih berkesinambungan hingga sekarang pada masyarakat Toraja, atau dalam praktek ritual seperti di Enrekang dan Soppeng, Sulawesi Selatan. Pada umumnya kebudayaan megalitik mengandung nilai-nilai kerjasama dan gotong royong serta religi yang menonjol.
Pengelompokan Masyarakat Negeri Tuhaha Pulau Saparua, Maluku Tengah Tinjauan Etnoarkeologis
Authors: Wattimena Lucas
Published: March 2017

The Meaning of Tuhaha community’s grouping based on archaeological remains can not be separated from one another, due to the partial temporal nature. This study used a literature study, in order to examine the issue of research, how society grouping Tuhaha State, based on archaeological remains. Archaeological remains is meant here is a dolmen, menhirs and the old village/ancient settlements. The objective of this study is to know and understand the patterns of grouping Tuhaha State community based archaeological remains. The results showed that grouping State community/village Tuhaha archaeological remains contextually based culture has symbolic interaction, integration and socio-cultural systems on the basis of grouping patterns in the structure of the dolmen, menhirs(micro scale) and Old village Huhule (macro scale). Huhule as anintegral unity of the social system, in which there are parts of the system dolmen, menhirs, as well as the concepts of cultural mapping (monodualisme). Integration between the dolmen of five, symbolizing Patalima community groups, and soa of nine (patasiwa).Pemaknaan pengelompokan  masyarakat Tuhaha berdasarkan tinggalan arkeologis tidak dapat dipisahkan satu dengan yang lain, disebabkan oleh sifat temporal parsial. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian kepustakaan, guna menelaah permasalahan penelitian, yaitu bagaimana pengelompokan masyarakat Negeri Tuhaha, berdasarkan tinggalan arkeologi. tinggalan arkeologis yang dimaksudkan di sini adalah dolmen, menhir serta kampung lama/permukiman kuno. Tujuan daripada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami pola pengelompokan masyarakat Negeri Tuhaha berdasarkan tinggalan arkeologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pengelompokan masyarakat Negeri/Desa Tuhaha berdasarkan tinggalan arkeologis secara kontekstual budaya memiliki hubungan interaksi simbolik, integrasi dan sistem sosial budaya atas dasar pola pengelompokan pada struktur dolmen, menhir (skala Mikro) dan kampung Lama Huhule (skala Makro). Huhule sebagai kesatuan sistem sosial integral, yang di dalamnya terdapat bagian sistem dolmen, menhir, serta konsep-konsep pemetaan budaya (monodualisme). Integrasi antara dolmen berjumlah lima, melambangkan kelompok masyarakat patalima, dan soa berjumlah sembilan (patasiwa).
Sensitivity analysis for CORSOR models simulating fission product release in LOFT-LP-FP-2 severe accident experiment
Authors: Hoseyni S. M. , Pourgol-Mohammad M. , Yousefpour F.
Published: March 2017

This paper deals with simulation, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of LP-FP-2 experiment of LOFT test facility. The test facility simulates the major components and system response of a pressurized water reactor during a LOCA. MELCOR code is used for predicting the fission product release from the core fuel elements in LOFT LP-FP-2 experiment. Moreover, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis is performed for different CORSOR models simulating release of fission products in severe accident calculations for nuclear power plants. The calculated values for the fission product release are compared under different modeling options to the experimental data available from the experiment. In conclusion, the performance of 8 CORSOR modeling options is assessed for available modeling alternatives in the code structure.
Safety analysis methodology for Chinshan nuclear power plant spent fuel pool under Fukushima-like accident condition
Authors: Lin Hao-Tzu , Li Wan-Yun , Wang Jong-Rong , Tseng Yung-Shin , Chen Hsiung-Chih , Shih Chunkuan , Chen Shao-Wen
Published: March 2017

Chinshan nuclear power plant (NPP), a BWR/4 plant, is the first NPP in Taiwan. After Fukushima NPP disaster occurred, there is more concern for the safety of NPPs in Taiwan. Therefore, in order to estimate the safety of Chinshan NPP spent fuel pool (SFP), by using TRACE, MELCOR, CFD, and FRAPTRAN codes, INER (Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, R.O.C.) performed the safety analysis of Chinshan NPP SFP. There were two main steps in this research. The first step was the establishment of Chinshan NPP SFP models. And the transient analysis under the SFP cooling system failure condition (Fukushima-like accident) was performed. In addition, the sensitive study of the time point for water spray was also performed. The next step was the fuel rod performance analysis by using FRAPTRAN and TRACE's results. Finally, the animation model of Chinshan NPP SFP was presented by using the animation function of SNAP with MELCOR analysis results.
Estimating Earthwork Volumes Through Use of Unmanned Aerial Systems
Authors: Wang Xi , Al-Shabbani Zamaan , Sturgill Roy , Kirk Adam , Dadi Gabriel B.
Published: March 2017

Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly attractive for numerous surveying applications in civil engineering, agriculture, and many other fields. The unmanned systems and vehicles are capable of performing photogrammetric data acquisition with equipped digital cameras that allows for converting images to highly precise, georeferenced three-dimensional models. However, more studies are needed to demonstrate practical applications of UAS systems and UAVs on construction sites. In this project, UAS systems and UAVs and digital photogrammetry technology are introduced to estimate the earthwork volume of a highway extension project. The georeferenced images were processed by the photogrammetry software, Pix4Dmapper, which is a tool for converting images into an accurate and applicable three-dimensional point cloud model. Progress models were created over the course of several weeks. The volume of earth was computed by comparing the point cloud of the progress models after model processing. To ensure reliability, the accuracy of the UAS and UAV photogrammetry was verified by comparison with conventional ground survey methods and the results from different flights. The project presents the feasibility and effectiveness of using UAS systems and UAVs in estimating earthwork volumes on the basis of the results of an accuracy test and the efficiency of the survey.
Monitoring During Lateral Bridge Slide
Authors: Ridvanoglu Ozan , Attanayake Upul , Aktan Haluk
Published: March 2017

Slide-in bridge construction (SIBC) is an accelerated bridge construction method. In U.S. state of the art and state of the practice today, the bridge superstructure is moved by sliding laterally into the final alignment following a sequence of construction and demolition events. SIBC implementation components require a temporary support structure, a slide system with railing girders and polytetrafluoroethylene pads or rollers, and an actuating system to initiate and maintain the slide movement. The M-100 bridge over the Canadian National (CN) railway was the third SIBC project implemented by the Michigan Department of Transportation. Each SIBC implementation has been so far unique because the unknowns include slide properties contributing to friction between surfaces, pushing and pulling force levels, and monitoring and controlling the force levels. The purpose of standardization is to develop repeatable procedures for the SIBC method. One aspect of standardization is to develop an understanding of the structural response and the forces developed in the system during slide activities. This understanding requires documentation of various SIBC practices, simulation of slide activities, and monitoring the structural response. The activities of the M-100 road over the CN railway bridge slide, instrumentation and monitoring of the structural response, and the use of acquired acceleration data to calculate the forces that developed during the slide activities are presented.
New Quality Assurance Tests for Building Quality Concrete Pavement
Authors: Gudimettla Jagan M. , Praul Michael F. , Grove Jim
Published: March 2017

Concrete materials and paving technologies have evolved considerably during the past century. However, testing technologies for concrete during construction have not kept pace. Some of the tests that are routinely used are not necessarily performance indicators and some are not made in real time. Seven new technologies are presented that are simple, real-time, field implementable, and economical and in many cases are performance indicators. Although some of these technologies could be used during the mixture design stage, others could be used during construction and some for both purposes. These technologies can be used to supplement or, in some cases, to replace the traditional tests for paving concrete. The discussion focuses on three items: ( a) traditional tests for paving concrete, ( b) new tests and technologies that could be used to supplement or replace the traditional tests, and ( c) suggested future specifications. Data collected by the FHWA Mobile Concrete Laboratory from its technology implementation efforts are presented to support the narrative on the benefits of these new technologies.
Reply to the Letter to the Editor by D. D’Arcangelo et al.: “Ion Channels in Brain Metastasis”—Ion Channels in Cancer Set up and Metastatic Progression Ion Channels in Brain Metastasis
Authors: Klumpp Lukas , Sezgin Efe , Eckert Franziska , Huber Stephan
Published: March 2017

In their comment on our review article entitled Ion Channels in Brain Metastasis, Dr. D’Arcangelo et al. describe their recent report on aberrant ion channel expression in several cancer entities in order to provide information complementary to that which is presented in our article [1].[..]
Feasibility Study of Extended-Gate-Type Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors for Neural Recording
Authors: Kang Hongki , Kim Jee-Yeon , Choi Yang-Kyu , Nam Yoonkey
Published: March 2017

In this research, a high performance silicon nanowire field-effect transistor (transconductance as high as 34 µS and sensitivity as 84 nS/mV) is extensively studied and directly compared with planar passive microelectrode arrays for neural recording application. Electrical and electrochemical characteristics are carefully characterized in a very well-controlled manner. We especially focused on the signal amplification capability and intrinsic noise of the transistors. A neural recording system using both silicon nanowire field-effect transistor-based active-type microelectrode array and platinum black microelectrode-based passive-type microelectrode array are implemented and compared. An artificial neural spike signal is supplied as input to both arrays through a buffer solution and recorded simultaneously. Recorded signal intensity by the silicon nanowire transistor was precisely determined by an electrical characteristic of the transistor, transconductance. Signal-to-noise ratio was found to be strongly dependent upon the intrinsic 1/f noise of the silicon nanowire transistor. We found how signal strength is determined and how intrinsic noise of the transistor determines signal-to-noise ratio of the recorded neural signals. This study provides in-depth understanding of the overall neural recording mechanism using silicon nanowire transistors and solid design guideline for further improvement and development.
Karstologie urbaine et rurale appliquée. Le problème de la Fontaine de Nîmes (Gard)
Authors: Fabre Guilhem , Radais Jacques
Published: March 2017

This paper deals with integrated researches about a karstic aquifer situated in a urban-rural zone. The main purpose is to ameliorate the water quality of the spring of Nîmes (Gard, South East of France) which as a very important place in the town life.
Les aiguilles de gypse du Verneau (Doubs)
Authors: Couturaud Alain
Published: March 2017

The gypsum needles of the Verneau (Doubs)

These crystals are both exceptionally long (up to 225 mm) and very well preserved. They were discovered on the floor of an old choked passage close to a large gallery and a collector. They appear to have grown during a flooded period where the Triassic or paleokarstic gypsum was redissolved.
Contribution à l'étude des systèmes karstiques gabonais. Les réseaux souterrains de la région de Lébamba (Gabon)
Authors: Peyrot Bernard , Massala J
Published: March 2017

Contribution to the study of karstic systems of the Lebamba region (Gabon)

The Lebamba region is situated in the extreme southern part of Gabon bordering the Republic of Congo. Geologically it can be included within the Niari-Nyanga synclinoriurn where the Precambrian schists and limestones show many karstic features and particularly a remarkable subterranean network as to yet only partially explored. The dolomitic limestone of Lebamba, although of little importance, contains many cave systems : Lebamba, Bongolo et Mbenaltembe. A severe tectonic mesh together with fine micro-stratifications have opened the way to biochemical corrosion which, after observations and analysis, appears to result from a climate wetter than at present. The dimensions of the underground passages appear disproportionate relative to the low aggressivity of the present environment thus illustrating the importance of paleo-climatic factors on the morphogenesis of central african karsts.
Présentation du Causse Comtal (Aveyron) : Géologie, hydrogéologie et inventaire des principales cavités
Authors: Solier Pierre
Published: March 2017

The «Causse Comtal» (Aveyron, France) : geology, , hydrogeology and inventory of main caves The «Causse Comtal» (S = 265 km2) forms a sedimentary bridge between the «Causses du Quercy» in the west and the «Grands Causses» in the east. With a middle humid climate (P -1000 mm/y, T = 9,4° C, Evap . = 450-500 mm/y), this plateau karst presents two aquifer levels in the Lower and Middle Jurassic separated by a marlous layer. These formations cover a paleozoic basement (sandstone, argillite from Carboniferous and Permian, crystalline rocks). The hydrogeological basins are controlled by E-W reverse faults due to the N-S pyrenean compression. The main spring is near Salles-la-Source in the west part (middle discharge : 840 l/s ; flood : 10 m3/s) ; it drains a 50-55 km2 area. The morphological and speleological evolution is subordinated to an erosion surface from Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary. Often stopped up (blocking), the numerous fossil caves probably date from the end of Cenozoic era. The large subterranean passages (activ or semi-activ galleries ; ex : Tindoul de la Vayssière) are plio-quaternary.
La mise en exploitation des aquifères karstiques, quelques exemples algériens
Authors: Collignon Bernard
Published: March 2017

Les aquifères karstiques présentent pour l'exploitation certaines difficultés particulières (roche dure, zones transmissives réparties de manière irrégulière, niveaux piézométriques particulièrement profonds dans les régions à relief vigoureux). Une partie de ces difficultés a été résolue avec l'amélioration des techniques de forage par percussion (marteau fond-de-trou). Il est maintenant possible de réaliser les ouvrages de captage rapidement et pour un coût limité.

De nombreux pays méditerranéens se tournent donc vers ce type d'aquifère qui bénéficie de caractéristiques intéressantes : des eaux peu minéralisées, même en région aride, et des propriétés transmissives excellentes le long des zones fracturées.

Selon la situation géologique de l'aquifère (perché, captif, à limites étanches ou non), on aura un comportement hydrogéologique particulier et une répartition différente des réserves permanentes et renouvelables. Quelques exemples pris en Algérie sont développés. Ils montrent comment la stratégie d'exploitation peut s'adapter à ces diverses situations.
Biodiversité et chauves-souris
Authors: Tupinier Yves
Published: March 2017

Si le mot «biodiversité» est un néologisme, la diversité du monde vivant est connue depuis des siècles et fut à l'origine de classifications comme celle qui fut proposée par Linné. Jusqu'au milieu du XXe siècle la liste des espèces augmentait régulièrement et l'on se contentait de noter que le Dodo ou la Rhytine de Steller avaient disparu peu de temps après leur description. Dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle l'observation de disparitions d'espèces ainsi que la variation de la densité des populations se remarquent de façon significative. Pour les chauves-souris il reste difficile d'évaluer quantitativement une population. On peut cependant, en suivant certains sites et selon un protocole constant, mettre en évidence des tendances. Les chiroptères représentent le quart des espèces de Mammifères actuelles. Bien que vivant près de nous leur étude a une longue histoire. Entre le début du XVIIIe siècle et aujourd'hui le nombre des espèces reconnues en Europe occidentale a été multiplié par 20. Les techniques d'observation de ces animaux de mœurs nocturnes et silencieux ont notablement évolué au cours de ces deux siècles.
Évolutions récentes des populations de chiroptères en région Rhône-Alpes : essai de synthèse
Authors: Girard-Claudon Julien
Published: March 2017

Le groupe des chiroptères compte trente-quatre espèces en France. En raison de leurs mœurs nocturnes, ces mammifères n'ont été étudiés que tardivement. En effet, il n'y avait que peu de chiroptérologues dans la région jusqu'à la moitié du vingtième siècle. Au cours de la fin de ce siècle, le nombre de spécialistes a considérablement augmenté et les techniques d'études des chauves-souris se sont largement développées et diversifiées. Cet article est un essai de synthèse sur l'évolution des populations de chauves-souris en Rhône-Alpes. Nous pouvons distinguer deux périodes différentes :

-Au cours des années 1950-1960, les populations de chauves-souris se sont effondrées en France, probablement en raison des activités humaines (modification dans les pratiques agricoles, urbanisation, transport, tourisme souterrain etc.).

-Au cours de la fin du vingtième siècle des suivis ont été mis en place progressivement par les chiroptérologues. Malgré le peu de recul, des tendances d'évolutions semblent se dégager. Ainsi nous pouvons par exemple dire qu'il semblerait que les effectifs des populations de rhinolophes (Rhinolophus hipposideros et R. ferrumequinum) augmentent, de même que ceux des murins de grande taille (Myotis myotis et M. oxygnathus). Ces interprétations sont toutefois à prendre avec précaution et à relativiser avec la taille des populations existantes au début du vingtième siècle.

Les suivis mis en place actuellement sont à maintenir sur le long terme afin de détecter toutes nouvelles fluctuations. En parallèle les actions de conservation doivent être poursuivies et amplifiées pour éviter tout nouveau déclin d'origine anthropique. -Au cours des années 1950-1960, les populations de chauves-souris se sont effondrées en France, probablement en raison des activités humaines (modification dans les pratiques agricoles, urbanisation, transport, tourisme souterrain etc.).

-Au cours de la fin du vingtième siècle des suivis ont été mis en place progressivement par les chiroptérologues. Malgré le peu de recul, des tendances d'évolutions semblent se dégager. Ainsi nous pouvons par exemple dire qu'il semblerait que les effectifs des populations de rhinolophes (Rhinolophus hipposideros et R. ferrumequinum) augmentent, de même que ceux des murins de grande taille (Myotis my otis et M. oxygnathus). Ces interprétations sont toutefois à prendre avec précaution et à relativiser avec la taille des populations existantes au début du vingtième siècle.

Les suivis mis en place actuellement sont à maintenir sur le long terme afin de détecter toutes nouvelles fluctuations. En parallèle les actions de conservation doivent être poursuivies et amplifiées pour éviter tout nouveau déclin d'origine anthropique.
Biodiversité du zooplancton d'eau douce
Authors: Balvay Gérard
Published: March 2017

Une étude de la biodiversité du zooplancton d'eau douce a permis d'approcher l'évolution de la richesse biologique dans la région Rhône-Alpes avant 1959 et depuis 1960. Le zooplancton dulçaquicole renferme une grande diversité d'organismes vivant en pleine eau, aptes à se déplacer activement mais incapables de s'opposer aux courants : rotifères, microcrustacés, larve du diptère Chaoborus, une méduse d'eau douce, des larves de mollusques. La diversité régionale est établie d'après environ 500 sites recensés, dont les grands lacs, la Dombes, les lônes du Rhône, et d'innombrables petits plans d'eau. On trouve 60 % des taxons français observés dont 87 % des Branchiopodes, 84 % des Cyclopides, 52 % des Rotifères mais seulement 35 % des Calanides. En 1960 on recensait 252 espèces, pour 360 aujourd'hui, surtout avec l'intensification des recherches, la diversification des milieux étudiés et les progrès de la systématique après 1960. 80 taxons n'ont pas été encore retrouvés, sans que l'on puisse parler de disparition. Au contraire cette faune paraît plutôt stable et conforme à la qualité des milieux ; l'endémisme est peu marqué, et les invasives rares, comme la dreissène ou moule zébrée. Il semble illusoire d'évaluer la pérennité ou l'évolution de cette biocénose sans avoir recours à des systématiciens chevronnés, conduisant des prospections de façon rigoureuse.
Poissons d'eau douce : un vingtième siècle très troublé
Authors: Perrin Jean-François
Published: March 2017

L'histoire naturelle des poissons rhonalpins étudiée autour trois dates clés 1910-1960-2010 montre la diversité piscicole n'a pas subi de variations notables : 50 taxons avant 1910, 55 entre 1910 et 1960, 57 depuis 1960. Des extinctions ont eu lieu à chaque époque (2 à 3 espèces), la perte la plus notable concernant les grands migrateurs entre 1950 et 1970. Cependant des acclimatations ont renforcé chaque fois l'ichtyofaune de 4 à 6 espèces. Cette tendance se poursuit, car notre réseau est très perméable aux espèces nouvelles et évolue vers un peuplement plus européen, plus riche que le nôtre actuel. On trouve cependant des signes tangibles de régression des salmonidés d'eau froide devant le réchauffement des eaux.
Cicindèles et psammicoles : des habitats alluviaux menacés
Authors: Richoux Philippe
Published: March 2017

Tiger beetles and other sand-dwellers : threatened alluvial habitats

Psammicolous species are organisms which live in sandy habitats. They thus live in exposed areas : beaches or banks of rivers, sandy heaths, sunny tracks etc. By monitoring indicator species such as tiger beetles over two centuries, it is clear that sandy biotopes of alluvial plains have suffered, and continue to suffer, a drastic reduction due to direct intervention to improve channels and banks (dams, levees, canal construction) and by urbanisation which has encroached on to the flood plain in spite of the risk of flooding.