bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONTRIBUSI SYAIKH ABDUS SHAMAD AL-PALIMBANI PADA ASPEK INTELEKTUAL ISLAM DI NUSANTARA ABAD KE-18
Authors: Pramasto Arafah
Published: July 2020

Abstract : Sheikh Abdus Shamad Al-Palimbani’s Contributions toward Islam in 18th Century’s Indonesian Archipelago. Born in 1737 AD, Sheikh Abdus Shamad was a Sufi Ulema from Palembang.His grandfather, who was also a Sufi Ulema held a position of a Mufti in Kingdom of Kedah. His grandmother, however,belonged to a noble family from Sultanate of Palembang. Abdus Shamad received good education during his lifetime in Palembang.He later continued his journeyof knowledge-seekingby traveling to the Haramayn (Holy Lands of Islam) where he learned various Islamic principles. He also engaged in various discussions with Ulemas and Malay speaking diciples also called the Jawi Community.As an Ulema and an intellectual, Sheikh Abdus Shamad authored eight books mostly in the Malay language.Two magnum opus of his writings that gained popularity among Indonesian Muslims were Sufi-themed books i.e.Hidayatus Salikin fi Suluk Maslak al-Muttaqiin and Siyarus Salikin ila Ibadat rabb al-‘alamin.Keywords : Intellectual, Ulema, Indonesian Archipelago, Shaikh Abdus Shamad Al-PalimbaniAbstrak : Kontribusi Syaikh Abdus Shamad Al-Palimbani pada Aspek Intelektual Islam di Nusantara Abad ke-18. Syaikh Abdus Shamad Al-Palimbani merupakan seorang Ulama Sufi asal Palembang yang lahir pada tahun 1737 M. Secara genetis ia adalah keturunan Ulama Sufi (kakek) yang menjadi Mufti di Kerajaan Keddah dan bangsawan Kesultanan Palembang (nenek).Latar belakang keluarganya itu memberi andil bagi Abdus Shamad untuk memperoleh pendidikan yang baik selama di Palembang. Ia kemudian melanjutkan pendidikannya ke Haramayn (Tanah Suci) untuk belajar ilmu-ilmu agama kepada pada Ulama serta aktif terlibat diskusi keilmuan di dalam “Komunitas Jawi”, yakni orang-orang Nusantara berbahasa Melayu yang belajar di sana. Sebagai seorang Ulama sekaligus intelektual, Syaikh Abdus Shamad juga menghasilkan 8 buah karya yang sebagian besar berbahasa Melayu. Karyanya yang paling terkenal bagi Muslim di Nusantara adalah kitab Sufi berjudul Hidayatus Salikin fi Suluk Maslak al-Muttaqiin dan Siyarus Salikin ila Ibadat rabb al-‘alamin.Kata Kunci : Intelektual, Ulama, Nusantara, Syaikh Abdus Shamad Al-Palimbani
Understanding Business Cycle Fluctuations in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Gulzar , Ahmed Ather Maqsood
Published: July 2020

Notwithstanding the level of improvement in understanding the
complexities of an economy, it is now well accepted that the ultimate
incidence of various policy interventions leads to varied outcomes in
terms of magnitude and persistence depending upon the structure of the
economy. The objective of the present study is to disentangle the
relative contributions of various exogenous and domestic shocks that
contribute to business cycle fluctuations in Pakistan. The study is
based on the New-Keynesian Open economy model, which is an extended
version of (Gali & Monacili 2005). Keating’s two-step approach
(1990, 2000) is employed to capture the dynamic behaviour of the
variables of interest. Impulse response functions, along with forecast
error variance decomposition analyses, are used to gain useful insights
into the understanding of the transmission mechanism of policy and
non-policy shocks. It is observed that fiscal policy does matter, at
least in the short-run. The interest rate shock leads to the exchange
rate appreciation thereby confirming the exchange rate puzzle. In
response to adverse supply shocks, the Monetary Authority responds with
a monetary contraction that prolongs the recessionary periods.
Furthermore, it has a limited power to control inflation as inflation in
Pakistan stems from supply-side factors as well as fiscal dominance. JEL
Classification: C32, E52, E62, F41 Keywords: Open Economy, New Keynesian
Model, Rational Expectations, Exchange Rate Puzzle
Supervivencia en pacientes con falla cardiaca y desfibrilador automático implantable en una unidad de electrofisiología de Pereira, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Duque Jorge Andrés , Arango Franco Ricardo , Martínez José William , Sosa Urrea Juan David , Marín Medina Daniel Stiven , Orozco Hernández Juan Pablo , Martínez Muñoz Manuel Andrés , Henao Martínez Juan Fernando
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: identificar las variables clínicas que impactan en la mortalidad de los pacientes con falla cardiaca implantados con desfibrilador automático. La terapia con cardiodesfibrilador implantable busca prevenir la muerte súbita cardiaca por arritmias malignas colapsantes. Material y métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva. Se incluyó a pacientes con implante de desfibrilador entre los años 2010-2012, con dispositivo funcional, historia clínica y disponibilidad de seguimiento hasta el primer trimestre del 2014. Resultados: un total de 30 pacientes fueron incluidos, con una supervivencia del 77% a los cuatro años de seguimiento. El 82,7% de los pacientes presentó cardiopatía isquémica y el promedio de la fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda fue 27,8 ± 6,3. El tiempo promedio de uso del desfibrilador fue de 2,1 años, la tasa de peligro mayor reportada fue del 6% para los días 759 y 760. Se encontró una asociación entre una duración del QRS mayor a 120 ms (HR= 7,7, IC 90%= 1,77-33,6; p=0,022), fibrilación auricular (HR= 4,2, IC 90%=1,13-15,68; p=0,072) y el uso de beta-bloqueadores (HR= 0,15, IC 90%= 0,03 – 0,64; p=0,031) con el tiempo de supervivencia. Discusión: la prevención de muerte súbita está condicionada por la optimización farmacológica, así como las anomalías estructurales y de la conducción eléctrica, por lo cual se debe aumentar el seguimiento en estos casos y el ajuste de la terapia farmacológica. Conclusiones: el uso de beta bloqueadores en pacientes con falla cardiaca con fibrilación auricular y duración del QRS mayor de 120 ms es un factor protector.
Yeni kurulan bir çocuk nöroloji kliniğinde West Sendrom’lu olguların retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AYDIN Hilal , BUCAK İbrahim
Published: July 2020

Amaç: West sendromu (WS), spazm şeklindeki nöbetlere elektroensefalografide interiktal dönemde hipsaritmi paterninin eşlik etmesi ve ağır mental geriliğe yol açması ile tanımlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 01 Nisan 2018-30 Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında Adıyaman Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Çocuk Nöroloji Polikliniğine başvuran ve elektroensefalografik inceleme ve klinik bulgular ile West Sendromu tanısı konulan 12 hasta çalışmaya dâhil edildi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 12 hastanın 7’si kız (%58,4), 5’i (%41,6) erkek idi. Bütün hastaların fizik muayanesindeki ortak bulgu; hipotonisite ve kaba/dismorfik yüz görünümü idi.Sonuç: Dokuz ay süreli izlemde West Sendrom’lu hastalarda çoklu antiepileptik ilaç kullanılmasına rağmen nöbetleri kontrol altına alınamadı ve bu olgularda değişen derecelerde psikomotor gerilik izlendi.
Optimalisasi Peningkatan Dan Penguatan Citra Perpustakaan Melalui Peran Aktif Pustakawan Dalam Aplikasi Teknologi Informasi Komunikasi (TIK)
Authors: Arisalfika Bakti Dianita Rohmatin Setyani Nugroheni
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is trying to describe the role of librarians in optimizing the improvement and strengthening of library images. Research is based on careful analysis based on detailed studies of the focus of content management discussion on the role of librarians in optimizing the improvement and strengthening of library images. The research covers the scope of the analysis of fundamental analysis focusing on the role oflibrarians in the application of information communication technology and library promotion, in order to realize the ideal image of the library, in accordance with the industrial revolution era 4.0. The implementation of analysis requires critical realistic thinking, applying conceptual in the historical period in the past as well as when it is happening, so that it is appropriate to use historical approach research, which requires an investigation characterized by critical critical inquiry into the progress of a thought. Primary information sources are utilized as primary data. The data collection technique utilizes library research, through various literary reading activities subjecting the role of librarians, optimizing library image enhancement and strengthening. The analysis was carried out in a descriptive qualitative manner, based on the analysis of various types of theoretical reading, research and non-research. Research dominates, describes, examines and evaluates various factual facts in order to find solutions to various problems in phenomena. In order to achieve the validity of the analysis, content analysis is needed, which has the benefit of analyzing the meaning of the most important concepts. Observations made are used to support the construction of theory. The results of the study are the ideal image of the library can be achieved through optimizing the role of librarians including; (1). Librarians must have readiness and competency preparation so they can play a maximum role. (2). Librarians must have the ability to apply ICT. (3). Librarians are required to carry out promotions in various ways. (4). Librarians must be able to reflect and evaluate the evaluative power of evaluation and public response when utilizing library information services.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KESADARAN KESGILUT BAYI DAN BALITA MELALUI SEKOLAH IBU: BALITA SEHAT DAN BERKUALITAS DENGAN GIGI YANG SEHAT
Authors: Adiningrat Arya
Published: July 2020

Dental and oral health problems are still not become a priority among Indonesian societies. According to the Basic Health Research data in 2018, oral and dental health problems are still quite high up to 57.6%. Oral and Dental health problems are the issues which are prone to be found in infancy that will disrupt the process of a proper growth and development. Most of Indonesian society in general and many mothers in particular do not understand correctly how to care the toddlers' teeth and to keep it healthy with a good quality. The Mother School of ‘Bunda Sholihah’ is a local community empowerment organization whose main program is to increase the capacity of mothers in optimizing child development. This activity is designed to train the mothers to have the ability to care for children's dental health and play an active role in educating the wider community. The method utilized in this community service activities were training and educational practices. The training that has been carried out consists of education in lectures, two-way discussions and role analogies, followed by assignments in the field. The number of participants in this activity was up to 45 members from the foundation of the Bunda Sholihah society in the area of Kasihan, Bantul with a total full and active participation which reached 75.5%. This activity is carried out in groups, in once a week for 4 weeks activity, so that the total implementation was 4 meetings. This program involved the service-voluntary team as the educators, members and administrators of the foundation of Bunda Sholihah School by using modules that have been prepared by the service-voluntary team. The activity partner was the Mother School of Bunda Sholihah, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The results of this program showed a significant increase in the level of mother’s knowledge in infant and toddler dental health (p <0.05) including mother’s personal motivation and consideration regarding early dental examination in toddler.
Sozial-kognitive Entwicklung und Erziehung
Authors: Butzmann Erika
Published: July 2020

Erika Butzmann stellt die Erkenntnistheorie Jean Piagets und die darauf aufbauenden sozial-kognitiven Entwicklungstheorien vor und zeigt, wie aktuell Piagets Theorie auch heute noch für die Erziehungspraxis ist. Im Fokus steht die sozial-kognitive Entwicklung in den ersten sechs Lebensjahren des Kindes unter Einbeziehung der Temperament- und Hirnforschung. In diesem Alter tauchen besonders häufig kindliche Verhaltensweisen auf, die von Bezugspersonen als problematisch empfunden werden. Für eine gute Entwicklung ist es wichtig, die Erziehung individuell auf das jeweilige Kind abzustimmen.

Die Autorin bietet einen Leitfaden für pädagogische Handlungskonzepte in Studien- und Ausbildungsgängen der Psychologie, Erziehungswissenschaft und Sozialpädagogik. So lassen sich Konflikte im familiären und beruflichen Alltag mit Klein- und Vorschulkindern auflösen, die Beziehung zwischen Kindern und ihren Bezugspersonen verbessern und die kindliche Entwicklung fördern.
Trauma und kollektives Gedächtnis
Authors: Kühner Angela
Published: July 2020

Können auch Kollektive ein Trauma erleiden? Um eine Antwort zu finden, wird einerseits der Traumabegriff genauer untersucht, andererseits geht es um die wichtige Frage, was wir eigentlich über kollektiv wirksame psychische Prozesse wissen: Massenpsychologie, kollektive Identität und kollektives Gedächtnis sind dafür Schlüsselkonzepte - nicht nur für die Sozialpsychologie -, die hier verständlich dargestellt und dann auf das Trauma bezogen werden. An Beispielen wie dem 11. September, dem Amselfeld-Mythos, dem Trauma der Sklaverei und dem Holocaust wird herausgearbeitet, wie unterschiedlich die Phänomene sind, die sich hinter dem Begriff des »kollektiven Traumas« verbergen.
Development of Self-Determination Right and The Role of Icj: Statements on The South West Africa (Namibia) Advisory Opinion
Authors: KOÇAK Harun
Published: July 2020

Self-determination has been one of the main controversial issue on international relations and law; therefore, it is not surprising that although the nature of such disputes has changed over time from political to legal, the International Court of Justice continues to confront the relevant disputes. When a close look at the relevant cases, while many countries claim that self-determination is only a political passion, the important role of International Court of Justice (ICJ) in the development of self-determination and its obtainment a legal ground is recognized. The aim of this study is to analyze the development of self-determination right through 20. Century and the importance of the ICJ in this development. This will be achieved in the light of the Court's judgments, state declarations, which were not mentioned enough in similar articles, and the views of the judges to be examined in the South West Africa (Namibia) Advisory Opinion that were concluded by the Court.
Antibacterial Activity Testing of Red Dragon Fruit Peel On Pseudomonas Sp.
Authors: Setiani Diah
Published: July 2020

This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) one factor, namely red dragon fruit peel with concentrations of 15%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 95%, respectively. The positive control is amoxicillin and the negative control is sterile aquadest. The study began on August 12, 2019, until November 14, 2019, at the Laboratory of the TLM Health Polytechnic of Ministry of Health East Kalimantan. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed the inhibitory concentration of Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria with the highest inhibition zone diameter was on the decoction of red dragon fruit peel with a concentration of 95%, which is 16 mm (moderate inhibitory power). While the minimum inhibitory concentration is produced by a decoction of red dragon fruit peel with a concentration of 25% with a diameter of 9 mm.
Management of Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis by Panchakarma Therapy: Concept and Application
Authors: Mishra Alka , Batham Lalima , Mishra Saurabh
Published: July 2020

Background: Allergic Rhinitis is an inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa; common symptoms include nasal congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhea, nose itching, etc. Effective management of this disease, in short duration of time, is still a challenge. As per the classical texts of Ayurveda, the disease that resembles the symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis is Vataja Pratishyaya; Nasya procedure of Panchakarma therapy has shown encouraging results in managing its symptoms.Methodology: Panchakarma therapy was administered for 13 days to a male patient suffering from allergic rhinitis and associated ailments. According to Ayurveda, this disease is associated with the imbalance of Kapha and Vata doshas. Hence, Kapha and Vata pacifying therapeutic procedures and herbal medicines, that also provide nourishing effect to the respiratory system, were used. Later, patient took raw Haridra (Curcuma longa) for self-management of disease at home.Results: The patient experienced significant reduction in sneezing episodes, from about 150 per day to about 20 per day; relief in heaviness in the head region; and, complete relief in itching in nose and throat. Overall, the patient reported a good experience. In a followup taken after about one and a half years, the patient reported complete relief in sneezing episodes and heaviness in the throat, as well as non-recurrence of the earlier condition.Conclusion: Panchakarma Therapy showed encouraging results with regards to the management of the symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis and associated ailments, in a short duration of time.
Embodied Attraction: Can Body Postures Influence Attraction?
Authors: Challacombe Darin
Published: July 2020

Attraction researchers have identified nonverbal positions people in relationships subconsciously take to express their feelings, while social embodiment or embodied cognition researchers have identified various body positions that can temporarily affect mood. This study brings together both fields in establishing an embodiment effect with two nonverbal positions identified in past research to express interpersonal attraction: Lean and body posture. Participants interacted with a video-taped confederate in a mock closed-circuit television setting while induced into either a forward lean with an open body posture or a backward lean with a closed body posture. Results show that leaning forward more significantly decreased attraction through mediation by greater unhappiness. Having a more open body posture was not found to be a variable influencing attraction directly, but in an interaction with type of inducement into positions, it did increase attraction through mediations by lesser unhappiness and by lesser depression.
conformal holographic focusing
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: July 2020

fantom conformal focusing
Strain Measurements by Full-Field Optical Techniques
Authors: Rashidifar Rasoul , Eslami Hamid Reza
Published: July 2020

A weak position and possibly leads to make a defected material and production. Localized strain concentration is becoming very important in the area of quality assurance. Recently, there are many research that researcher proposed using Computer-Aided-Engineering (CAE) tools to reduce the number of prototype builds and to speed up the development cycle. In this paper, there are some literature about researches that conducted in this field. The capabilities as well as the limitations for industrial applications are investigated. An application of this method is demonstrated on a stamping die to validate a FEM results. Full-field methods of strain measurements are very broad and many number of these techniques are using and can be widely categorized to two groups as Geometrical methods and Interferometric methods.
The aesthetic experience of live concerts: self-reports and psychophysiology
Authors: Merrill Julia , Czepiel Anna , Fink Lea , Toelle Jutta , Wald-Fuhrmann Melanie
Published: July 2020

Music listening can lead to strong aesthetic experiences. However, to gain deeper insights into such experiences, more empirical research outside of laboratory settings is required. The current exploratory study measured aesthetic experience (music-induced emotions and absorption) in combination with psychophysiology (facial electromyography and arousal measures) from 98 participants during three live concerts with a program of classical, romantic, and contemporary chamber music. One musical movement from the contemporary work was presented from a recording. Results firstly highlight two key components of the concert frame as influencing the aesthetic experience: a) the programming order led to a rise-and-fall trajectory of emotions with the less familiar contemporary work leading to higher negatively valenced emotions. Nonetheless, this experience was embedded in an overall highly appreciated concert, with b) the factor of liveness becoming apparent in lower engagement with the recorded than the live music. Secondly, the participants’ reactions gave insights into how the multi-movement works were perceived; opening and closing movements elicited higher positively valenced arousal, contrasting the characteristics of an inner section, which evoked lower arousal and mixed emotions. This scheme differed between the classical and the romantic works in the third movements, reflecting a different trajectory of tension and relaxation in the respective styles. Finally, we show relations between physiological responses and self-reports reflecting both positive and negative aesthetic experiences. Overall, we demonstrate that the ecological validity of the current study is particularly informative for theoretical approaches on the aesthetic experience, with the frame as a crucial component.
Trading faces: Complete AI face doubles avoid the uncanny valley
Authors: Welker Christopher , France David , Henty Alice , Wheatley Thalia
Published: July 2020

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) enable the creation of videos in which a person appears to say or do things they did not. The impact of these so-called “deepfakes” hinges on their perceived realness. Here we tested different versions of deepfake faces for Welcome to Chechnya, a documentary that used face swaps to protect the privacy of Chechen torture survivors who were persecuted because of their sexual orientation. AI face swaps that replace an entire face with another were perceived as more human-like and less unsettling compared to partial face swaps that left the survivors’ original eyes unaltered. The full-face swap was deemed the least unsettling even in comparison to the original (unaltered) face. When rendered in full, AI face swaps can appear human and avoid aversive responses in the viewer associated with the uncanny valley.
The Role of Social Reward and Corticostriatal Connectivity in Substance Use
Authors: Sazhin Daniel , Frazier Angelique , Haynes Caleb River , Johnston Camille , Chat Iris Ka-Yi , Dennison Jeffrey B. , Bart Corinne Patricia , McCloskey Michael , Chein Jason , Fareri Dominic S. , Alloy Lauren B , Jarcho Johanna , Smith David Victor
Published: July 2020

This report describes an ongoing R03 grant that explores the links between trait reward sensitivity, substance use, and neural responses to social and nonsocial reward. Although previous research has shown that trait reward sensitivity and neural responses to reward are linked to substance use, whether this relationship is impacted by how people process social stimuli remains unclear. We are investigating these questions via a neuroimaging study with college-aged participants, using individual difference measures that examine the relation between substance use, social context, and trait reward sensitivity with tasks that measure reward anticipation, strategic behavior, social reward consumption, and the influence of social context on reward processing. We predict that substance use will be tied to distinct patterns of striatal dysfunction. Specifically, reward hyposensitive individuals will exhibit blunted striatal responses to social and non-social reward and enhanced connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex; in contrast, reward hypersensitive individuals will exhibit enhanced striatal responses to social and non-social reward and blunted connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex. We also will examine the relation between self-reported reward sensitivity, substance use, and striatal responses to social reward and social context. We predict that individuals reporting the highest levels of substance use will show exaggerated striatal responses to social reward and social context, independent of self-reported reward sensitivity. Examining corticostriatal responses to reward processing will help characterize the relation between reward sensitivity, social context and substance use while providing a foundation for understanding risk factors and isolating neurocognitive mechanisms that may be targeted to increase the efficacy of interventions.
Self-regulatory Solitude: A Qualitative Exploration of Solitude in Indian Youth
Authors: Iyer Aishwarya , L Tanushree V , Chakravarty Sucheta
Published: July 2020

Solitude has often been confused with co-existing affective states of 'loneliness' and 'aloneness' (Long et al., 2003). A growing body of literature (Nguyen et al., 2018) has quantitatively explored existing drives, affective outcomes and determinants of experience of solitude. Despite extensive research, a comprehensive conceptualization of solitude is yet to be achieved. Therefore, the current study qualitatively explores the subjective definition of solitude, individual experiences and the purposes behind seeking solitude through 10 semi-structured interviews with Bangalore you (24-28 years). Through thematic analysis, the study found that participants differed (social avoidance, self-regulation, productivity) in their purpose behind seeking solitude and the solitary activities that they engaged in. The role of space and agency in the experience of solitude was also highlighted. The study discusses the subjective experience of solitude in relation to existing literature and holds important implications regarding the use of solitude as a tool for affective self-regulation
Optimistically biased economic growth forecasts and negatively skewed annual variation
Authors: Burgess Matthew G. , Langendorf Ryan E. , Ippolito Tara , Pielke Roger
Published: July 2020

Authoritative economic growth forecasts are often optimistically biased. Negatively skewed variation--negative shocks being larger than positive shocks--could contribute to bias by making long-run average growth smaller than typical-year (median) growth. This positively biases forecasts based on typical years. We compare medians and means in real per-capita GDP growth across countries, regions, and time windows from 1820-2016. Over decadal periods, we find mean growth rates <1%/y smaller than median growth rates in most countries and regions (median 0.23%/y across countries). Surprisingly, we find both large- and medium-magnitude shocks contribute to these differences, rather than only large ‘black swan’ events. We find negative skewness correlated with high levels and slow growth of per-capita GDP and population, and high per-capita GDP growth volatility, building on previous studies. We find negative skewness alone insufficient to explain recent growth over-projections by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the U.S. Congressional Budget Office (CBO).
Rare Malignancies of the Female Genital Tract
Authors: Joshi Rijuta , Baral Gehanath
Published: July 2020

Aims: To analyze rare female genital tract malignancies.
Method: This is retrospective descriptive study as a census of all rare female genital tract malignancies in two years from 2017 to 2019 at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital in Kathmandu. Data were retrieved from medical record and entered into Microsoft Excel and SPSS 16 window for analysis.
Results: There were 156 cases of female genital tract malignancies including 128 common types and 28 rare types. Majority fell under 41- 50 years (n=44; 28.2%) followed by over 60 (n=41; 26.2%) and 51-60 years (n=34; 21.8%). Among ovarian tumors, the rare varieties were adult granulosa cell tumor (n=4), immature teratoma (n=3) and single case each of yolk sac tumor, dysgerminoma, malignant mixed germ cell tumor, carcinoid tumor, juvenile granulosa cell and sertoli cell tumor. There were one case each of carcinosarcoma, serous carcinoma and endometrial stromal carcinoma; two cases each of leiomyosarcoma and choriocarcinoma while there was a single case of placental site trophoblastic tumor. The rare cervical malignancies were small cell (n=2), and clear cell carcinoma (n=1). There were single cases each of basal cell carcinoma of vulva, verrucus carcinoma, fibromyxoid sarcoma of Bartholin’s gland and malignant melanoma of vagina.
Conclusion: Rare female genital tract cancers were found mostly from the ovary followed by uterus; 18% of total cancers were rare types.
Key words: female, genital tract, rare malignancy
Outcome of Trans-obturator Tape Procedure in the treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence at Kathmandu Model Hospital
Authors: Shrestha Ranjana , Dangal Ganesh , Bharati Sonu , Karki Aruna , Pradhan Hema Kumari , Bhattachan Kabin , Poudel Rekha , Bajracharya Nishma , Tiwari Kenusha Devi
Published: July 2020

Aims: To evaluate the improvement in the quality of life of women with stress urinary incontinence who were treated with trans-obturator tape procedure.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of treatment of stress urinary incontinence using trans-obturator tape at Kathmandu Model Hospital from February 2018 to December 2019. The outcome of the procedure in terms of improvement in quality of life and surgical complications were assessed.
Results: Out of 16 cases of stress urinary incontinence half of them were post-menopausal. One each had intra-operative bladder injury, urinary retention and urinary tract infection; 14 cases improved completely by a week, one had some improvement and one didn’t improve. At six months follow-up one case had no improvement and one developed urge incontinence.
Conclusions: Trans-obturator tape has been found a good procedure for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in our setting and hence led to high rate of improvement in quality of life with minimal and minor complications.
Key words: Complications; quality of life; stress urinary incontinence; trans-obturator tape
Clinical profile of endometrial histopathological patterns in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Chauhan Sapna , Radhakrishnan Krishnapriya
Published: July 2020

Aims: To study the association of clinical profile of patients with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding with the different endometrial histopathological patterns
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a hospital in Karnataka, India from January 2017 to January 2019. Medical records were reviewed for all the cases of abnormal uterine bleeding who underwent endometrial biopsy.
Results: There were 148 records of endometrial biopsies; >55% were in 41-50 years age group; 28% had postmenopausal bleeding; and 28% presented with menorrhagia. Menorrhagia and menometrorrhagia were equally common under 50 years of age. The various physiological patterns of endometrium (proliferative, secretory & menstruating endometrium) were noted in more than half the cases (51%). Proliferative endometrium was in 37%, followed by hyperplasia without atypia in 22% and only 3% showed malignancy; all of whom were in the postmenopausal group. Even in women with post menopausal bleeding, proliferative pattern was the commonest (33%), followed by atrophic endometrium and malignancy. Atypical hyperplasia was found to be most commonly associated with post menopausal bleeding.
Conclusions: Both physiological and non physiological endometrial patterns were seen almost equally among the AUB cases. The knowledge of endometrial pattern in a case of AUB helps to decide a plan of management. Endometrial sampling plays a very important role in management of AUB, especially in the age group of more than 40 yrs; i.e, the peri and post-menopausal age groups, where incidence of malignant or pre malignant conditions was noted to be the highest.
Key words: abnormal uterine bleeding, endometrial cancer, endometrial sampling, hyperplasia
Second trimester abortion service at a provincial public hospital
Authors: Pandit Ram Naresh , Thakur Murari
Published: July 2020

Aims: To determine the demographic and clinical profile of clients receiving second trimester abortion service at a provincial hospital.
Methods: This is a retrospective study of second trimester abortion service provided at Provincial Public Hospital Janakpurdham at southern part of Nepal from 2014 to 2017. Data were collected from hospital record and analysis performed using MS Excel.
Result: There were 144 cases who received second trimester abortion service in four years. Annual clients’ number linearly increased from 16 to 54. Nearby people were the maximum clients. Majority (85%) were multiparous and of early second trimester (12-15 weeks, 71%). Common indication recorded was mental health (83%) but lacks verification. Intervention method was combined (56%) and contraception of choice was DMPA (44%).
Conclusion: Demand of second trimester service is increasing every year. Indication of abortion needs to be scientifically verifiable. Injectable hormonal contraception is preferred by clients.
Keywords: abortion, client profile, second trimester
Cesarean Section profile at a tertiary center
Authors: Shrestha Madhu , Shrestha Shanti
Published: July 2020

Aim: To determine the incidence and indication of caesarean section.
Method: It is a retrospective cross sectional study conducted at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital for three months. The data was retrieved from the medical record of operation theatre.
Results: During the study period, 31.1% (1,592 out of 5,120) of women underwent caesarean section. Eighty eight percent (n-1,402) of them were emergency caesarean section while 12 % were elective (n-190). Majority of the women (70.3%) belonged to 20-29 years and half of them were primigravida. Around 89.2% caesarean sections were performed at 37-42 weeks of gestation. The four leading indications were fetal distress (31.5%), previous caesarean section (19.7%), cephalo -pelvic disproportion (13.4%) and abnormal presentation (7.9%).
Conclusions: In this study, incidence of caesarean section is more than WHO recommendation. It may be mainly due to the referral of complicated cases from the periphery of the country.
Key words: caesarean section, indication
Sirenomelia in Dicephalic parapagus twins discordant for anencephaly and spina bifida.
Authors: Shrestha Tripti , Baral Gehanath , Sedhain Nesuma
Published: July 2020

An extremely rare case of sirenomelia in dicephalic parapagus twins discordant for anencephaly and spina bifida that was diagnosed after birth is presented. High incidence of congenital anomalies both with sirenomelia and parapagus twins independently make the prognosis much worse, with additional neural tube defect rendering it almost incompatible with life. Termination of pregnancy is advised when diagnosed in utero.
Key words: anencephaly, dicephalic parapagus, spina bifida, sirenomelia
Identifikasi Kerusakan Tutup Radiator Terhadap Suhu Engine Toyota Kijang 5K
Authors: Arso Wilarso Wilarso , Gunawan Firman
Published: July 2020

Lack of radiator water in the 5K Kijang car cooling system, has an impact on decreasing vehicle performance. This leakage causes the cooling water in the radiator to decrease and can trigger a high cooling system temperature (overheating) on the engine. The discussion of the effect of damage to the radiator cap on the engine temperature of the Toyota Kijang 5K is able to help improve the understanding of vehicle users in general about the cooling system, can treat and repair if there is damage to the radiator cap. The radiator cap test was carried out by observation on a 5K Toyota deer by testing the radiator cap pressure using a radiator cup tester and visualizing the radiator cap components. After inspection there is damage to the radiator cap seal and the results of the radiator cap test 0.6 kgf / cm2 which causes the radiator cap pressure to be low, while the standard pressure is 0.9 kgf / cm2 - 1.03 kgf / cm2 and there is damage to the radiator cap seal so that it can cause engine overheating. Repair steps by replacing the new radiator cap components, efforts that need to be considered to prevent losses due to damage to the cooling system components, check the level of coolant, do a daily check properly and correctly, do preventive maintenance regularly.
VOLTAMMETRY AS AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD TO DETERMINE METAL CONCENTRATIONS
Authors: Sadomskij V.V. , Ulanov V.A.
Published: July 2020

n recent decades, the following types of spectrometry are considered the key methods to determine low concentrations of metals in natural environments including natural water, soil and bottom sediments: atomic-emission, emission with inductively coupled plasma and mass-emission. Application of these methods is rather scrupulous requiring observance of stationary conditions, presence of certified gases or gas mixtures, and professional experience of an operator specialized in the procedures conducted in the framework of tests and interpretation of measurement results. The method tolerance threshold meeting the requirements and standardsof the environmental regulation is the key factor when determining low concentrations of elements in natural environments. In modern times, considering the development of computing technologies, to determine low metal concentrations, a method based on theprinciples of inversion voltammetry (IVA) got a new incentive for innovative development. Modern IVA related technological developments allowed creating and announcing the equipment ensuring sufficient method tolerance based on the principles of the express-analysis focused on the accelerated electrolytic sedimentation of the determined element from the analyzed solution to the indicator electrode with subsequent conversion to its concentration using software algorithm.
Improving risk management in the transport of petroleum product
Authors: Ovsyannikov V. E. , Shiryaeva A. N. , Dzhindzholava D. G. , Mustafin I. M. , Teplouhov O. Yu.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the issues of risk management in the road transport of petroleum product. We analyze the main risk assessment methodologies; propose to use the hierarchy analysis method to improve quantitative risk assess ment. The identification and assessment of risks are one of the key points in the development of preventive measures to reduce accidents. The use of traditional methods for risk analysis and assessment has a drawback in that they don't imply the possibility of ranking risk assessment criteria by importance depending on the specifics of the task being solved. Because of the fact that calculations are in relative units, the issue of ranking risks to critical, significant and insignificant is solved automatically.
Catalytic reforming and compounding processes as methods for increasing the octane number in gasoline, used on an industrial scale
Authors: Deryugina O. P. , Mechik S. V. , Trapeznikov E. A.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the urgent problem of industrial methods for increasing the octane number that improve the quality of gasoline produced. These methods include the processes of catalytic reforming and compounding of gasoline. Reforming from "to reform" (English) — to remodel, to improve. Reformate, depending on the production technology and composition of the raw material, may contain up to 70 % of the mass. aromatic hydrocarbons. Attention to this problem is due to the tightening of environmental requirements for the quality of motor fuel that must comply with modern standards. An effective solution to this problem is to model refining processes with programming. In this article, we apply methods of correlation and regression analysis. Using these methods, you can establish the relationship between two or more variables, thus finding the most effective solution to both technological and economic issues.
PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK KULIT MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana. L) DENGAN KOMPOSISI BERBEDA SEBAGAI PEWARNA ALAMI DALAM PENGOLAHAN TERASI BUBUK
Authors: Riyadi Slamet , Wiranata Arno , Jaya Fitra Mulia
Published: July 2020

Terasi merupakan bumbu tradisional yang banyak disukai oleh masyarakat. Permasalahan penggunaan pewarna buatan terasi diduga dapat diatasi dengan penambahan ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana. L) yang kaya akan anthosianin. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini berupa penambahan Ekstrak Kulit Manggis pada pengolahan terasi dengan berbagai konsentrasi (B/B) yaitu : 0 %, 2.5 %, 5 %, 7.5 %, 10 % (dari berat bahan baku). Nilai analisa fisik dari hasil terasi bubuk terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan penambahan ekstrak kulit manggis 10 % (W5) dengan nilai lightness 47.61, chroma 27.11 dan hue 50.01. Nilai mutu organoleptik terasi bubuk terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan penambahan ekstrak kulit manggis 10 % (W5) dengan nilai Â warna 3.76 %, penampakan 3.60 %, aroma 3.52 %, rasa 3.60 %. Nilai mutu kimia terasi bubuk terbaik berdasarkan nilai mutu fisik danÂ  organoleptik terbaik adalah kadar air Â 19.75%, abu 11.14%, protein 40.41%, lemak 2.00 %, karbohidrat 26.30 %.
The Evolution of Jordanian Inclusive Education Policy and Practice
Authors: Benson Sarah K
Published: July 2020

Research on the internationalization of inclusive policies for students with special needs is still developing alongside the shifting implementation of practice. This analysis seeks to understand the process of adopting inclusive policies in Jordan and the subsequent implementation through a modified comparative case study framework. Current research demonstrates how global forces have led to the adoption of a national inclusive education policy that local programs redefine and negotiate in implementation. The paper uses emerging frameworks from Schuelka (2018b) and existing comparative case study methodology from Bartlett and Vavrus (2006; 2009; 2014; 2017) to structure an in-depth analysis of the macro, mesa and micro levels of inclusive policy adoption and implementation across time. Jordan is a developing nation and in a strategic geographic location, two factors which bring multiple international organizations into its borders. This has had a significant effect on the development of education policy. At the same time, local construction of disability and inclusion continue to marginalize students with disabilities, especially in rural communities. This paper will outline the current state of inclusive education at the international, national and local levels in Jordan based on a review of policy and academic literature.
Track and Sector in Egyptian Higher Education: Who Studies Where and Why?
Authors: Abdelkhalek Fatma , Langsten Ray
Published: July 2020

Following the 1952 revolution, the Egyptian higher education system grew rapidly, with post-secondary institutes complementing the expanding university system. Private post-secondary institutes were permitted from 1970; in the early 1990s financial constraints and pressures for cost recovery prompted legislation allowing private universities. In the face of expansion, diversification, and partial privatization, concerns have arisen about equity in higher education opportunities. The 2014 Survey of Young People in Egypt is used to examine correlates of higher education track placement and of sector placement within tracks.
Approximating Cultural Responsiveness: Teacher Readiness for Accommodative, Biography-Driven Instruction
Authors: Murry Kevin Grady , Holmes Melissa , Kavimandan Shabina
Published: July 2020

Although many educators espouse tenets of culturally responsive teaching praxis (CRTP) they struggle to effectively apply it in classrooms. Some teachers are unsure how to address the multifaceted assets and needs of students from variant races, ethnicities, and home countries. Other teachers operate from a deficit perspective that emphasizes perceived gaps in knowledge or skills among such learners, with little regard for their prior knowledge, experiences, or ways of knowing (assets). Responding to the needs of both kinds of teachers, Herrera (2010, 2016) developed Biography-Driven Instruction (BDI), a social constructivist method of CRTP that supports educators in making the curriculum accessible, relevant, and rigorous. This phenomenological research investigated teachers
HEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL PROFILING OF A BURROWING CRAB EXPOSED TO POLYSTYRENE MICROPLASTIC CONTAMINANT
Authors: Moruf Rasheed Olatunji , Sanni Zakiat A. , Lawal-Are Aderonke Omolara
Published: July 2020

The study evaluated the effect of polystyrene microplastic contaminant on hemato-biochemical parameters of Cardiosoma guanhumi from the mangrove area of Lagos Lagoon using standard methods. Total Haemocyte Count (THC) ranged between 3050.00±0.00 mL and 4200.00 ±0.05 mL with control crabs having the highest value of 4200.00±0.05 mL. There was significant difference between the treatment groups and the control (p<0.05). Hemocyte sub-population variables showed that crabs fed the control and 0.01g polystyrene microplastic diets had higher granulocyte and monocyte populations but a decrease in agranulocytes. The crabs fed with the polystyrene microplastic contaminated diets were significantly higher in serum protein (32.50±0.05-32.90±0.10 gL-1) than the crab fed with control diet (20.09±0.05 gL-1). Crabs fed 0.01g and 0.02g polystyrene microplastic based diets recorded the same aspartate aminotransferase mean value (19.30 µI-1) which was significantly higher than the mean value (11.50 µI-1) recorded in crabs fed control diet. Crab fed 0.01g polystyrene microplastic based diet recorded most of the highest values for biochemical parameters: Alanine aminotransferase (13.00±0.05 µI-1), alkaline phosphatase (113.70±0.10 µI-1), lactate dehydrogenase (148.60±0.05 µI-1) and urea (40.41 ±0.15 µI-1). The changes in the crabs’ hematological and serum biochemical profiles in this study provide reliable and discriminatory data on the effect of microplastic contaminant calling for long-term monitoring to assess the eco-health of the mangrove system.
EFFECTS OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO PARACETAMOL AND HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA LINN CALYX EXTRACT ON THE KIDNEY OF MICE
Authors: Orji Blessing Ogechukwu , Obi Frederick Otunuya , Ibrahim Maryam
Published: July 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of concurrent administration of aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn calyx and paracetamol on kidney injury induced by chronic exposure to paracetamol in mice.  The study was carried out over 16 weeks. The animals were grouped into four (4): control (paracetamol and extract free), extract only, paracetamol only and co-administration of paracetamol with extract. The drug and extract were administered orally at 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight respectively by means of an oral gavage. In order to assess kidney function, electrolytes (sodium, bicarbonate, potassium and chloride), urea and creatinine were assessed in serum. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, and reduced glutathione level) were estimated in kidney homogenate. Histopathological examinations of kidney sections were also carried out on the mice. Paracetamol toxicity was confirmed by significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in urea and creatinine levels along with altered electrolyte concentrations. Co-administration of paracetamol with aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn calyx significantly (P≤ 0.05) reversed the drug-induced alterations close to control, in most of the parameters assayed. The antioxidant activity of the extract is most likely due to its strong scavenging effect on reactive oxygen species and free radicals.