bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Investigation of the Molluscicidal Effect of Sambong (Blumea balsamifera) on Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata)
Authors: A Destacamento Marinel , Jomyr A Diongzon Marc , Kaye D Martus Joxara , Joyce D Martus Mary
Published: February 2024

One of the top 100 worst invasive species in the world is the golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata). Golden apple snails damage rice crops in the Philippines annually for $1.2 billion. GAS also presents a major health danger to people by carrying Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Echinostoma ilocanum, and Schistosoma spp. Applying artificial "instant kill" molluscicides is the simplest way to reduce GAS, however, it poses negative impacts on the environment, non-target species, and human health. The study aims to extract phytochemicals from Blumea balsamifera that are effective in killing invasive snails. The extract was obtained through maceration and was then evaporated through open-dish evaporation, it was then allowed to stand for 3 days. Five treatments were made; 2 control groups: the negative control and positive control; 3 experimental groups: 50000 PPM, 150000 PPM, and 300000 PPM concentration of B. balsamifera extract. The treatments were then distributed through water treatment to the five aquariums with labels containing 10 snails each. The snails were observed for 48 hours; a 24-hour exposure period and a 24-hour recovery period. The commercial molluscicide (Niclosamide), the 150000 PPM, and the 300000 PPM concentration of B. balsamifera extract killed all 10 snails. The 50000 PPM concentration killed 3 snails, and 1 moribund which eventually died, and the other 6 were still alive. All snails in negative control were alive. The 150000 PPM and 300000 PPM concentration was found effective according to the LC50 and LC90 test. Thus, the B. balsamifera extract can be used as a molluscicide.
Diaspora românească din Ungaria în perioada postcomunistă – Portrete de intelectuali
Authors:   Universitatea din Szeged, Ungaria, Călinescu Iudit
Published: February 2024

When we talk about the Romanians in Hungary, especially about the life of the community in post-communism, we cannot omit the fact that alongside the historical community here there are representatives of a Romanian diaspora who are actively involved in community life, participating in the common effort to preserve the Romanian identity. The Romanian intellectuals who migrated in the last three decades to the area populated by Romanians in western Hungary or to Budapest, managed to leave their mark on the cultural, journalistic, educational and spiritual life of the Romanians here. Analyzing their identity path, the way in which they managed to integrate into the historical Romanian community in Hungary, but also the challenges and difficulties encountered due to the different cultural code, can provide a clearer perspective on how this Romanian community currently lives and functions, outside the borders of Romania, being in a permanent transformation, trying to preserve their ethnic identity and resist assimilation.
Nexus Between Industrialization and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Impacts on Infant Mortality in Lower-Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Aslam Misbah , Ahmad Aqeel , Ali Feroze , Akhtar Assiya
Published: February 2024

The study examines how industrialization, income distribution, and other socio-economic factors play crucial roles in influencing mortality rates and demographic patterns. This study used a strong, balanced panel dataset and covered 37 lower-middle-income countries. The econometrics approach DOLS used, as well as two models. The study provides mixed results for both models. In model 1, morality rate is a dependent variable, while other independent variables. In the model, greenhouse gases and urbanization both have a negative and statistically significant impact on morality rates. In Model 2, urbanization and adjusted national income level have a negative impact on the total adult mortality rate. Besides, greenhouse gases and renewable energy have a positive impact on the total adult mortality rate. The study recommends deep attention to environmental protection and adopting clean energy in lower-middle-income countries to alleviate the adverse effects of greenhouse gas emissions, industrialization, and nonrenewable energy usage on human health.
Evidence-Based Practices: An Opportunity to Enhance Psychiatric Residency Training
Authors: Olfson Rachel H.
Published: February 2024

Staring back at me through the Zoom interface was a small, thin-faced boy, too nervous and overwhelmed to tell me anything more than his own name and the name of his dog: Cooper. This was the first child therapy case I was assigned as a resident trainee. He was a young adolescent with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Two years ago, he was outgoing, playful, and sociable. Now he apprehensively stared at me, underweight and highly anxious. He was experiencing medical trauma through countless hospital admissions for chemotherapy and opportunistic infections during the ongoing global pandemic. At the time he was transferred to my care, he carried multiple psychiatric diagnoses, including generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. I had no idea where to begin. Though I was in my third year of Triple Board training, which includes adult psychiatry, pediatrics, and child psychiatry fellowship, I felt unprepared. My education and exposure to psychotherapy had been somewhat limited; but even still, I knew that learning effective, evidence-based therapeutic skills would not be straightforward.
The Social Media Trend of TikTok Tics: The Rise of Functional Tic-like Disorders During the COVID Pandemic
Authors: Chang Allison N. , Abramowitz Janette
Published: February 2024

Alicia (fictional patient name) was a 14-year-old female admitted to the inpatient child psychiatry unit due to suicidal ideation and a complex past psychiatric history that included self-harming behaviors, depression, and anxiety. During the hospitalization, the patient was seen irregularly jerking her arms, bobbing her head, and making vocalizations that included whistling and swearing. She had not been previously diagnosed with tics, and her parents explained these were new phenomenon. Her mother worried that Alicia had developed Tourette’s syndrome (TS). During this time, TikTok videos with the hashtag #tourettes were trending. Popular influencers, with millions of likes, filmed themselves with their “Tourette’s”, with movements including arm and head jerking, as well as sudden vocalizations, all perfectly matching what Alicia was exhibiting.
Educate, Innovate, and Advocate Through Writing: Three Must-dos for Every Trainee
Authors: Shaligram Deepika
Published: February 2024

The love of a story is something that we all share as child psychiatrists. I loved reading stories as a child. While growing up in India, stories let me explore the world and consider a variety of viewpoints. In medicine what I enjoyed the most was to listen to someone’s story and see the whole person in the context of their experiences and diagnoses. Storytelling skills are at the core of writing clinical notes and critically evaluating papers and creating a biopsychosocial formulation. Writing good biopsychosocial formulations

serves the purpose of documentation, analysis of clinical and research observations, and fosters engagement and reflection in clinicians during medical education and beyond.
The Impact of Digital Technology on Sleep in Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sharma Aditya Datt
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a large technological shift in the processes of daily life. School and work, if possible, are now virtual along with most social interactions. While it is fortunate that this digital technology allows adolescents to overcome academic and social limitations, it is crucial to recognize that it may also have side effects. Adolescence is a sensitive developmental period accompanied with a number of difficult transitions, which the increased reliance on digital technology during this pandemic

might exacerbate.
Connect Corner: Pixar’s Soul: Discussing Life and Death with Children
Authors: Lau Liana , Lin Megan , Sust Steven
Published: February 2024

The acclaimed Pixar movie Soul boldly addresses existential questions about life, death, personality, and purpose. Delivered through a childfriendly medium, the film explores mature concepts that, for young audiences, may be their first acknowledgement of mortality. It may be daunting for parents to address their children’s questions of spirituality and death directly after the film. For parents who may be unsure themselves about what awaits them after death, these issues may be particularly confusing to navigate. Drawing from child psychiatry perspectives, we hope to provide some initial age-appropriate guidance for these difficult questions.
Hunted: Thoughts on Escape and Safety
Authors: Nguyen Duy
Published: February 2024

My position was unique: a boat refugee from Vietnam who was also a medical student interested in becoming a child psychiatrist. As a patient and a clinician rolled into one, I could perhaps provide a window into the experience of psychiatric disorders among the displaced: posttraumatic stress disorder, disruptive behavior, depression, and even psychosis.1,2 I could also share my view as a survivor, looking at the experience from outside of a deficit model in order to better understand the acts of strength and resilience that so often permeate these situations.
Building Up and Breaking Down: Youth Cultural Identity Development
Authors: Arshad Sarah H. , Chua Jaclyn D. , Baker Lauren P.
Published: February 2024

The population of the United States is becoming increasingly culturally diverse; the US Census Bureau reports that almost half of US children are from minority backgrounds and by 2044, minorities will comprise half of the US population.1 It is therefore crucial to recognize patients’ cultural identities as a part of normal identity formation in their mental health evaluations. In this piece, we first define the concept of cultural identity and discuss some identity factors in young children, demonstrating how this process begins as early as toddlerhood. Then we discuss cultural identity as a developmental milestone for adolescents incorporated with their normal transition to adulthood. Finally, we highlight the importance of intersectionality, or the interplay of different individual identity factors and how they affect each other, to more holistically understand an individual’s cultural identity.
Connect Corner: Blind Spots
Authors: Wadell Paula
Published: February 2024

I was 15 years old when my father took me out for my first driving lesson. He carefully explained the importance of checking my blind spots. It was my responsibility to always look carefully over my shoulder because, despite the use of mirrors, there are just some

areas that are hard to visualize. I was a good listener and took this chat to heart but, unfortunately, I managed to back into a pole in a parking lot shortly after I turned 16. I felt terrible about this at the time and I apologized quite a bit for damaging the car. Fortunately for me, my parents reminded me to be more careful and still allowed

me to drive. It is a lesson I have been thinking about this past year as I tried my best to uncover my blind spots regarding structural racism, reminded myself to be more careful, and committed to the ongoing practice of becoming antiracist. While taking on structural racism can feel overwhelming, engaging with books and articles can support us as individuals taking on our own blind spots. In this Connect Corner we invite our

readers to join us and offer the following suggestions to get started.
A Pandemic-sized Effect on Writing and Editing
Authors: Schreiber Justin , McBride Anne B.
Published: February 2024

At the beginning of my time as Editor of JAACAP Connect in 2019, I was excited for the opportunity to expand the tent of writers to Connect by involving those who may have never thought of an academic journal as a forum for their interests, such as those participating in advocacy. The ability to collaborate with the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry’s Advocacy Committee to bring in new writers to Connect was the exciting first step in this mission.
The Expert and the Advocate: Cousins, not Twins
Authors: Rettew David C.
Published: February 2024

Child psychiatrists and other medical and mental health professionals are increasingly “getting out there” when it comes to engaging the public and the media about important topics. This is a very good development and one of the reasons this Lab to Smartphone

column was created. Frequently, our task is to synthesize scientific information that can be technical, inconsistent and even contradictory in a way that is understandable and even entertaining. In this way, we combine our training and direct experience as clinicians,

researchers, and teachers to perform the role of the wise and objective expert.
Advocacy Training in Residency and Addressing Needs in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: A Review
Authors: Sagot Adam J.
Published: February 2024

The American Medical Association (AMA), in its Declaration of Professional Responsibility, states that all physicians must “advocate for the social, economic, educational, and political changes that ameliorate suffering and contribute to human well-being.”1 Increasingly, medical schools and graduate medical education (GME) programs are “adopting advocacy and service-learning curricula that include community resource identification and referral, screening for social determinants of health, and effective use of medical-legal partnerships and political engagement,” aimed to improve outcomes of physician-driven advocacy efforts.2
Reaching Across the Table: Conflict Resolution Skills for the Child Psychiatrist
Authors: Hutchison Lisa , Menefee Elizabeth , Sharma Neha , Solages Martine
Published: February 2024

Few child and adolescent psychiatry fellowship programs offer substantive leadership development training, despite the fact that child psychiatrists frequently step into leadership roles soon after training.1,2 Becoming an effective and collaborative leader is a multidimensional process and the finetuning of leadership skills such as conflict resolution is one important step. Conflict resolution skills are essential for a child psychiatrist working with parents, teachers, and community leaders as they navigate interdisciplinary settings, balance competing interests, and advocate for their patients. This article will provide readers with a basic understanding of different conflict resolution approaches and how to flexibly apply them to different situations.
Talking About Stigma
Authors: Schreiber Justin
Published: February 2024

Fred Rogers, of Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood, might not have been a child psychiatrist, but he was deeply aware that children have feelings of fear, anger, and much more. Mister Rogers recognized that we need to build trust and comfort when talking about feelings with children instead of encouraging them to hide their emotions away. By stigmatizing mental health, it is more difficult for youth to feel comfortable about the worries, sadness, or anger they might be experiencing. This Winter 2020 issue of JAACAP Connect goes through many topics that have been negatively impacted by mental health stigma and discusses how child and adolescent psychiatrists can help to battle this stigma.
A Review of Mental Health Interventions for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth and Adults
Authors: Murota Dinora M. , Daniolos Peter T.
Published: February 2024

Objective: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people, particularly LGBT youth, are at higher risk for developing a mental illness compared to their straight and cis-gender peers. As such, the purpose of this review is to identify evaluated mental health interventions tailored for LGBT youth and adults.

Method: A systematic review of peer reviewed articles related to mental health interventions in LGBT youth and adults was conducted for articles published before March 2018 via Ovid MEDLINE. In addition, a key word search of PubMed was conducted. In this review, four studies are examined, and two ongoing studies are noted. Articles were selected if they described an evaluated mental health intervention tailored for LGBT youth or adults.

Results: Four interventions were identified that met inclusion criteria: one study on a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention for gender and sexual-minority youth, one attachment-based family therapy study adapted for suicidal lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) youth and their parents, one CBT intervention for young gay and bisexual men, and one expressive writing intervention for gay, male college students. In addition, two ongoing studies on interventions for LGB young adults were identified.

Conclusion: There is a clear and concerning dearth of clinically evaluated mental health interventions for LGBT youth and adults, particularly of studies including transgender people, which should be viewed by researchers and clinicians as a call to action to address the mental health needs of LGBT youth and adults.
Bullying in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Training: The Need for Identification and Prevention
Authors: Pawlowski Sara
Published: February 2024

Case: A 26-year-old first-year psychiatry resident presents for rounds on her first day of a child consult-liaison rotation. She is anxious to begin the rotation because she will be working with an attending psychiatrist who is known as being difficult to please. The resident presents the case of a child in the emergency room to the attending, a second-year child and adolescent psychiatry fellow, and several medical students. The resident who is presenting the case begins to notice that the attending makes eye contact only with the fellow and then asks him to present the assessment and plan for the patient she just has presented. Using “herself as an instrument” to pick up on subtle interpersonal dynamics, the resident senses that the attending is annoyed with her and that she is not doing a good job on her first day.
The Boy Who Lived Well: Harry Potter as a Novel Tool for Teaching Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Skills to Youth
Authors: Sinyor Mark , Fefergrad Mark , Cheung Amy H. , Selchen Steven , Zaretsky Ari
Published: February 2024

After accidental injury, mental disorders including depression are the leading cause of disability globally in those aged 10-241 and the leading cause of death (by suicide) in high-income countries.2 In the United States, the yearly cost of treating depression has been estimated to be $23 billion, and that number doubles when costs associated with lost productivity are included.1,2
Seeking Clarity Within Complex Psychiatric Presentations
Authors: Horner Michelle S.
Published: February 2024

Physicians are masters at simplifying. Indeed, one of the most salient skills within child and adolescent psychiatry is helping families sort through complexity to determine diagnosis and treatment planning. From the first day of residency, we are taught the value of a comprehensive yet concise psychiatric formulation – a highly focused summary resulting from hours of interviews, chart reviews, brainstorming, problem solving, and, of course, the gestalt from years of training and experience. This issue of JAACAP Connect highlights the many ways we distill complexity within the field of child and adolescent psychiatry.
Flat-Out: It Has Been a Good Year
Authors: Martin Andrés , Murphy Alyssa
Published: February 2024

In his provocatively titled blockbuster The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century, Thomas Friedman tracks the seismic shifts in global markets and emphasizes the increasing blurriness of geographic boundaries. He examines how physical distance presents an increasingly shrinking barrier to migration, communication, and collaboration, erasing advantages among competing countries.
In This Issue: On Becoming a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist
Authors: Horner Michelle S.
Published: February 2024

The Summer 2016 issue of JAACAP Connect allows us to reflect on what it means to be a child and adolescent psychiatrist. Variety. Helping others. Integration. We are all drawn to the field for different reasons, but in this issue, we highlight inspiration—the inspiration to overcome limitations and help those most in need: the youth and families who struggle with mental illness.
Introduction: Klingenstein Third Generation Foundation Medical Student Conference
Authors: Stroeh Oliver M.
Published: February 2024

On February 27, 2016, 140 medical students from across the country attended the Klingenstein Third Generation Foundation Medical Student Conference to learn about the field of child and adolescent psychiatry. The conference—celebrating its 10th anniversary this year—was held at the Yale School of Medicine.
Biracial Identity Part 2: Tips for Working With Biracial Families
Authors: Brown Cortlyn
Published: February 2024

Hypodescent is a way of categorizing multiracial individuals such that they are defined by their minority racial heritage, no matter how small a percentage of their genetic makeup is associated with that racial group. By that definition, anyone with even 1% of black heritage is deemed black, which prior to the abolishment of slavery meant enslavement, stripping of one’s identity, and, in the era of Jim Crow laws, de facto loss of the right to vote and restriction from many public facilities. Hypodescent no longer dominates how we view multiracial identity, which has allowed biracial/multiracial individuals to have more identity options available. With so many options available, it is inevitable that many biracial individuals will struggle with identity development. This is particularly true for those whose external appearance is more monoracial, like me. Although technically biracial (half black, half white), I have green eyes, blond hair, and fair skin. Although many biracial children will not have identity development issues, we all have to handle issues ranging from minor stares to more serious issues such as being called and treated as an imposter. This is particularly relevant for child psychiatrists, as we are now in the era of the biracial baby boom, and multicultural children are the fastest-growing youth group in the country (an increase by 50% since 2010).1
NITROUS OXIDE USE DISORDER IN ADOLESCENTS: THE SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS OF “WHIPPITS”
Authors: Storage Steven , Sher Yelizaveta
Published: February 2024

A 17-year-old male with a history of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was brought by the police to the emergency room from his school for bizarre behavior. According to the reports, the patient had been observed talking to himself during class, laughing inappropriately, and making odd statements. The patient initially denied illicit substance use, and his urine toxicology and volatile screens were negative. His physical exam was notable for diffuse hyperreflexia and decreased sensation to light touch of his hands and feet. Additional laboratory data was requested and included a normal B12 level, mildly elevated methylmalonic acid, and significantly elevated homocysteine. On further questioning, the patient endorsed recent frequent inhalation of nitrous oxide, which he minimized, pointing out that nitrous oxide “is just laughing gas.”
UNDERSTANDING THE ADOLESCENT PERSPECTIVE ON SEXTING: A CALL TO ACTION
Authors: McCoy Meghan K.
Published: February 2024

While digital technology produces relatively positive experiences for youth, e.g. communication with friends, surfing the web, etc.,1 a subset of behaviors remains an issue of great concern to youth and the adults in their lives. Sexting is one of these issues. Definitions of sexting vary in research and can include the electronic sending of nude pictures, the sending of pictures depicting semi-nudity, or the sending or posting of sexually explicit pictures or writing. The variability between these definitions may be one reason why research has failed to provide a clear and reliable picture of the frequencies, risk factors, contextual concerns, and consequences associated with these behaviors.
INTRODUCTION: CYBERBULLYING MORE THAN JUST SYMPATHIZING: A SPECIAL ISSUE ON RECOGNIZING AND ADDRESSING THE EFFECTS OF CYBERBULLYING
Authors: Englander Elizabeth
Published: February 2024

Sometimes it’s the expert who misses the point. A year or two ago, I was speaking in front of a group of parents. One mother rose to her feet and described a situation that was clearly very distressing. Her daughter’s friends were exchanging vicious insults online, and it was escalating. I understood her angst but pointed out that when all parties participate equally, the situation is probably more like fighting than like bullying (an important distinction when considering how to respond). “Well, it’s bullying to me,” she tartly replied.
On or Off the “Spectrum”? The Complexity of Screening and Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Shaffer Scott , Fuentes Joaquin
Published: February 2024

Recent estimates by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have suggested that 1 in 68 children are diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD).1 As the number of children diagnosed has risen steadily over the past decades, there has been an understandable surge of interest in the condition amongst health care professionals, teachers, the general public, and certainly amongst parents and advocates. Moreover, the DSM-5 issued a new set of diagnostic criteria that combined several DSM-IV-TR diagnoses, including autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (NOS), and Asperger’s Disorder into the new, singular diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The DSM-5 defines ASD as a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social communication and interaction, as well as “restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior.”2 Child and adolescent psychiatrists, along with their colleagues in pediatrics, neurology, and psychology, are now being asked more and more questions about how to screen for and identify children who may be “on the spectrum.”
PSYCHOTROPIC MEDICAT ION CARDIAC SIDE EFFECTS: Focus on QT Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes
Authors: Schreiber Justin , Beerman Lee
Published: February 2024

Multiple decisions go into weighing the risks and benefits of starting a medication with a child, and one of the questions is how the medication will affect QT length. Most of the time it is not something we have to worry about because the medication is being prescribed to a medically healthy child with no significant family history. In such lower risk cases, QT prolongation may occur, but the amount is usually not considered dangerous.
FIVE NEUROIMAGING-INFORMED TOPICS That Every Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist Should Know and Discuss With Patients
Authors: Hulvershorn Leslie
Published: February 2024

Most child and adolescent psychiatrists have, at one time or another, found themselves explaining why ordering a brain scan won’t actually diagnose or help treat the child sitting in their office. The clinician often attempts to explain to the child’s family how neuroimaging is primarily useful in research settings and that we are not yet at a stage where it can be used to diagnose an individual child. This may leave many wondering what utility brain imaging actually has for the core mission of our profession: treating children with psychopathology. Listening to talks by neuroscience leaders in recent years has also become disheartening: researchers are still far from understanding the neurobiological basis for most psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, there are ways in which child and adolescent psychiatric brain imaging research can inform our current clinical practice.
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF MUSIC IN THE LIVES OF ADOLESCENTS: How the Insane Clown Posse and Other Musical Subcultures May Be Influencing Your Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Martin Ardis C.
Published: February 2024

Music is an important part of an adolescent’s life. Adolescents spend on average 2 1/2 hours a day listening to music.1 The music that adolescents choose to listen to and

the groups that they identify with provide an opportunity to explore and express their feelings, enable them to feel less alone and isolated in the world, and help them feel more understood, all while fostering a sense of belonging that is important as they traverse the difficult process of growing up.2 Teens often identify with artists and musical styles that reflect their identity and are drawn to music that expresses the issues they are dealing with in their lives.
GET CONNECTED: Advancing Your Clinical Skills Through Writing and Publishing
Authors: Horner Michelle S. , Richards Misty , Glowinski Anne L. , Martin Andrés
Published: February 2024

Pin, tweet, like, or post—the cadence of accessing new information has changed. In this digital “instant access” era, the process of acquiring medical knowledge is also transforming. Conferences and journals are routinely supplemented with medical education, articles published online ahead of print, podcasts, webinars, and more. New research findings on etiology, diagnoses, and treatments are rapidly integrated into standards of care, requiring child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) practitioners to interact frequently and routinely with the latest scientific information to bridge new research findings with real-life patient treatment.
Carbon footprinting for surgical devices
Authors: Li Elizabeth
Published: February 2024

Editorials do not have an abstract.
Paperless Handover: An Effective Measure Worth Taking
Authors: Abdulshafea Mansour , Topliss Claire
Published: February 2024

Effective handover is an essential tool for a safe transfer of patient care from one team to another. However, handover is still internationally recognised as a high- risk area for medical errors, and it remains a patient safety priority for the World Health Organisation. The Trauma and Orthopaedic department at Morriston Hospital have relied on using a paper-based system for weekend handover. This form of handover was associated with a high number of clinical incidences and complaints.
Use of Preoperative Oral Paracetamol
Authors: Gan Shao Wen Galvin , Goodman Christopher Thomas Dzulynsky , Patel Neelam Amratlal
Published: February 2024

Paracetamol is a widely used analgesic in the perioperative period. Studies have shown that there is no significant difference between intravenous and oral preparations in postoperative pain outcomes. We proposed moving towards routine administration of oral paracetamol before surgery to reduce the use of IV preparations, with benefits of carbon and cost reduction.
Exploring Horizons: Publish with us to Impact Surgery
Authors: Bhangu Aneel , Nepogodiev Dmitri
Published: February 2024

Impact Surgery aims to expand options for authors of surgical research, with a fast, flexible platform that can offer deep dives on a wide range of surgical topics. It aims to be crosscutting across all surgical and perioperative disciplines, appealing to the generality of surgery. Our goal is to be inclusive of ethnicity, gender, income status, and other markers of diversity.
Concepts of Midwifery Nurse's Quality care of Practice in Normal Delivery at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital
Authors: Islam Tanzina , Aktar Sharmin
Published: February 2024

Background: The study aimed to identify and explain the variety of ways midwives managed normal labour and to see if it was possible to identify midwife concepts associated with different stage management practices. At first, the focus was on labor-specific types of midwifery care. The mechanism by which midwives develop expertise in all stage management. Materials and Methods: A qualitative approach was a comparative method utilized to collect and analyze Study was performed. Fifty (N=50) Midwives in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, were interviewed from December 2020 to June 2021. with the practice midwives observed. Results: In this Study, normal labour management is needed together with an evaluation of the role of practice guidelines that attempt to standardize practice. Amount of time midwifery nurses spent with 80% yes and 20% no. they always being a midwifery nurse around if you needed one,80% yes and 20% no. Midwives' conduct delivered 88% yes and 12% no; how nurses listened to your worries and Concerns, 88% yes and 12%no. The midwives told the mother about immunization, 84% yes and 16% no. The number of information midwifery nurses gave to you About your condition and treatment,80% yes and 20% no. Midwifery Nurses' manner will deliver 92% yes, and 8% no. The way midwives explained to you about bear-down effort during the 2nd stage, 88% yes and 12% no. After delivery, the midwives give you uterine massage, 86% yes and 14% no. Decision-making in labor is a complicated process that is influenced by the learning opportunities available to midwives. Conclusion: In this Study, practice variation in all three-stage care was a reflection of the individuality of midwives and the way midwives chose to individualize the care of women. Priority was given to models of midwifery care during childbirth at the outset of this research; in normal labour management is needed, and an evaluation of the role of practice guidelines that attempt to standardize practice.
Noradrenaline release from the locus coeruleus shapes stress-induced hippocampal gene expression
Authors: Privitera Mattia , von Ziegler Lukas M. , Floriou-Servou Amalia , Duss Sian N. , Zhang Runzhong , Waag Rebecca , Leimbacher Sebastian , Sturman Oliver , Roessler Fabienne K. , Heylen Annelies , Vermeiren Yannick , Van Dam Debby , De Deyn Peter P. , Germain Pierre-Luc , Bohacek Johannes
Published: February 2024

Exposure to an acute stressor triggers a complex cascade of neurochemical events in the brain. However, deciphering their individual impact on stress-induced molecular changes remains a major challenge. Here we combine RNA-sequencing with selective pharmacological, chemogenetic and optogenetic manipulations to isolate the contribution of the locus coeruleus - noradrenaline (LC-NA) system to the acute stress response. We reveal that NA-release during stress exposure regulates a large and reproducible set of genes in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus via β-adrenergic receptors. For a smaller subset of these genes, we show that NA release triggered by LC stimulation is sufficient to mimic the stress-induced transcriptional response. We observe these effects in both sexes, and independent of the pattern and frequency of LC activation. Using a retrograde optogenetic approach, we demonstrate that hippocampus-projecting LC neurons directly regulate hippocampal gene expression. Overall, a highly selective set of astrocyte-enriched genes emerges as key targets of LC-NA activation, most prominently several subunits of protein phosphatase 1 (
Ppp1r3c
,
Ppp1r3d
,
Ppp1r3g
) and type II iodothyronine deiodinase (
Dio2
). These results highlight the importance of astrocytic energy metabolism and thyroid hormone signaling in LC-mediated hippocampal function and offer new molecular targets for understanding how NA impacts brain function in health and disease.
Evaluating generative AI integration in Saudi Arabian education: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Alammari Abdullah
Published: February 2024

Incorporating generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in education has become crucial in contemporary educational environments. This research article thoroughly investigates the ramifications of implementing GAI in the higher education context of Saudi Arabia, employing a blend of quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Survey-based quantitative data reveals a noteworthy correlation between educators’ awareness of GAI and the frequency of its application. Notably, around half of the surveyed educators are at stages characterized by understanding and familiarity with GAI integration, indicating a tangible readiness for its adoption. Moreover, the study’s quantitative findings underscore the perceived value and ease associated with integrating GAI, thus reinforcing the assumption that educators are motivated and inclined to integrate GAI tools like ChatGPT into their teaching methodologies. In addition to the quantitative analysis, qualitative insights from in-depth interviews with educators unveil a rich tapestry of perspectives. The qualitative data emphasizes GAI’s role as a catalyst for collaborative learning, contributing to professional development, and fostering innovative teaching practices.
Non-destructive environmental safety assessment of threatened and endangered plants in weed biological control
Authors: Park Ikju , Schwarzländer Mark , Eigenbrode Sanford D. , Harmon Bradley L. , Hinz Hariet L. , Schaffner Urs
Published: February 2024

Assessing the risk of nontarget attack (NTA) for federally listed threatened and endangered (T&E) plant species confamilial to invasive plants targeted for classical biological control, is one of the most important objectives of pre-release environmental safety assessments in the United States. However, evaluating potential NTA on T&E species is often complicated by restrictive agency requirements for obtaining propagules, or the ability to propagate plants and rear agents to the appropriate phenostages synchronously for testing, or both. Here, we assessed whether plant cues associated with a host recognition can be used for testing the attractiveness of four T&E and one rare single population plant species non-destructively for a candidate biocontrol agent. We used the seed-feeding weevil, Mogulones borraginis, a candidate for the biological control of the invasive plant, Cynoglossum officinale (Boraginaceae) as the study system. We collected olfactory and visual cues in the form of flowering sprigs from T&E plant species confamilial to the invasive plant in a non-destructive manner and used them to measure behavioral responses and searching time of weevils. Female weevils preferred C. officinale to all tested plant species in dual-choice bioassays using either olfactory or visual cues in a modified y-tube device. Furthermore, female weevils were repelled by the combined olfactory and visual cues from all tested T&E plant species in a dual-choice test against controls (e.g., purified air in an empty arm), indicating that it would be extremely unlikely for the weevil to attack any of these species upon release in the United States. Principal component analysis based on 61 volatile organic compounds effectively separated the five confamilial plant species and C. officinale, corroborating the results of behavioral bioassays. We conclude that studies on pre-alighting host selection behavior and the underlying physiological mechanisms of how organisms select host plants they exploit can aid in environmental safety testing of weed biological control agents.
Startup: entrepreneurship as a means of socio-economic development for the small rural producer
Authors: Ribeiro Tatiane , Da Silva Danessa Rafaella , Labigalini Isabella , Gomes Lobo Annelise Aila , Montebello Adriana Estela Sanjuan , Marjotta-Maistro Marta Cristina
Published: February 2024

The present study aims to analyze startups as a marketing option for organic products and their impacts on the socioeconomic development of small rural producers. Thus, the logic of innovation for business, the concepts of startup, entrepreneurship, organic food production and case demonstration of online sales of organic products will be addressed. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic survey with a search for articles on the web related to the theme of entrepreneurship and startup. Examples of companies operating in the market were also raised. Through the research it was possible to identify that startups are present in the marketing of organic products predominantly by initiatives of sales intermediaries. Startups are considered as potential avenues for online marketing, however, a political and financial incentive is needed for farmers or producer associations themselves to become aware of and take over this alternative in order to increase profitability through direct sales.
Analysis of the advertising segment with a focus on Product and Brand awareness
Authors: Botelho João Pedro Machado , Pakes Paulo Renato , Da Rocha Tiago Soares , Souza Lucas Santos , Costa Gustavo Mendes de Vasconcelos , Da Silva Gabriel Castro
Published: February 2024

The main theme of this article is Product and Brand awareness, which consists of the degree of familiarization of consumers with a product or service and with the brand, that is, a measure of how the product/service and the brand are known and remembered and associated with certain attributes by the public. This article aims to analyze the connections and correlations between Digital Marketing, Relationship Marketing and Content Marketing and how, together with Product and Brand awareness, these are used by companies to increase the awareness of the product/service and the brand. As a method, the bibliographic research was used to build the theory and the case study was used to collect primary data for a better understanding of how Digital Marketing, Relationship Marketing and Content Marketing together with Product and Brand awareness affects the notoriety of the product/service and the brand. As a result of this analysis, it was observed that the company analyzed by the interviewee actually uses Marketing in conjunction with Product and Brand awareness to leverage notoriety, however it was observed that Marketing, Product and Brand awareness techniques and data processing could be better explored. In general terms, the company does use the techniques mentioned above, but does not use some techniques in depth, which corroborates most of the propositions made in conjunction with the theory and shows that there are clear points of improvement in the company studied by the interviewee.
Aging and care strategies in long-term nursing homes during the Covid-19 pandemic: narrative review
Authors: Correa Mariele Rodrigues , Sperchi Júlia
Published: February 2024

The increase in longevity demands specific care and governmental management that ensures quality aging for all. An additional challenge to fulfilling this right occurred in March 2020, with the Covid-19 pandemic, during which nursing homes for the elderly  needed to make significant changes in their dynamics and care  practices. The aim of this study was to understand the repercussions and effects of these transformations on institutionalized elderly care, caregiver procedures, and the psychosocial implications on their health. A narrative literature review was conducted on the SciELO, Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia (PePSIC). Fifteen articles were selected based on inclusion criteria: publication year between 2020 and 2023, publication language in Portuguese, and study country. The material selection allowed for the construction of three categories: protocol care, expanded care, and psychosocial impacts on the elderly and caregivers. Infection prevention care was the most prevalent theme. Although social distancing was a necessary measure and a form of care, it was observed to have impacts on mental health. working conditions and psychosocial issues were among the impacts on caregivers. It is concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic emphasize the need for a more focused approach to care in Long-Term Care Facilities, involving the creation of integrated care models that also include the socio-familial support network.
Rural credit concentration in Brazil in 2017
Authors: Dos Santos Luís Sena , Ferreira Maiara Araujo Nogueira , Almeida Paulo Nazareno Alves
Published: February 2024

One of the main public policies for promoting and developing Brazilian agriculture is rural credit. This policy seeks to stimulate production and modernize the sector by applying financial resources for the purposes of costing, investment, industrialization and commercialization. However, historically, these resources have been unevenly concentrated throughout the national territory, favoring the South and Southeast regions, since the moment the rural credit policy was institutionalized. Observing this poor distribution, this study sought to measure the distribution of agricultural credit in relation to its productive response, through tabular analysis and the redundancy index for the major regions and their respective federative entities in 2017. It was concluded that credit continued to be concentrated in the South and Southeast regions, but when analyzing the productive counterpart, there was no concentration.
STRUCTURE OF VITAMIN K AND ITS SIGNIFI-CANCE IN MEDICINE
Authors: Jasiński Tadeusz , Bednarska Violetta , Kuźma Marian
Published: February 2024

Quinones and its derivatives – vitamin K are well known species in medicine. The chemical structure, configurational isomerism of vitamin K and the differences in the biological activity is shown in this paper.
Comparative In vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Moringa Extract, Clitoria Extract and Coccinia grandis by MTT Assay Using Various Cell Lines
Authors: Chaudhari Manisha , Trivedi Himanshi , Sharma Shradhdha , Solanki Krunal , Gohel Darpesh
Published: February 2024

Evaluation and development of potent anti-cancer treatments have been a global interest of research due to significant rise in cancer as well as related diseases. Many herbal extracts have shown the potential to be used in the treatment of such diseases. In order to evaluate the anticancer features of Moringa oleifera (ME), Clitoria ternatea (CE), and Coccinia grandis (CCD), this study was carried out using various cell lines i.e. L-929, Vero, L-132, Raw 264.7, and Balb 3T3 with six different concentrations of each test substance by using MTT cell viability Assay. Additionally, in-vitro studies are performed using these test items and claims are being done that these test items are playing a pivotal role either treatment of Alzheimer's diseases (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) or decreasing the severity and incidences of such neurodegenerative diseases. Globally, an average life expectancy rises, so does the severity of these conditions as well. Hence, this study was also aimed to determine whether any supportive changes are showed on different cell lines or not.   In contrast to normal cells, the test substances revealed possible anti-cancer characteristics when exposed to carcinoma cell lines based on the data obtained in this study. The results indicated that ME, CE and CCD are effective against cancer cells; hence based on the results of these study, it could be concluded that that the data of the present study supports the interpretation that these test items have significant effects either in treatment or slowing down the clinical signs of PD and AD under the conditions and procedures followed in the present study. Based on the results of cell viability results it could also be concluded that the test items are safer to use up to the concentrations of 500 µg/mL.