bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
مدى تضمين قيم المواطنة الرقمية في كتب الاجتماعيات للمرحلة المتوسطة من وجهة نظر المعلمين في محافظة بغداد
Authors: حسين عمران عبود  , فرات فاضل علي
Published: June 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة للتعرف إلى مدى تضمين قيم المواطنة الرقمية في كتب الاجتماعيات ‏ للمرحلة المتوسطة من وجهة نظر المعلمين في محافظة بغداد. حيث استخدمت هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع معلمي الاجتماعيات الذين قاموا بتدريس الاجتماعيات ‏ للمرحلة المتوسطة في بمحافظة بغداد، وبلغت عينة الدراسة من الطلاب (200) معلم ومعلمة، حيث تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية وبعد التأكد من صدق وثبات أداة الدراسة وتطبيقها، أظهرت نتائج الدراسة: أن درجة تضمين قيم المواطنة الرقمية في كتب الاجتماعيات ‏ في مدراس المرحلة المتوسطة في محافظة بغداد جاءت منخفضة.وبناءً على نتائج الدراسة توصي الدراسة بعدة توصيات منها، ضرورة إعادة النظر في خطط كتب الاجتماعيات للمرحلة المتوسطة من قبل المسؤولين، لترسيخ قيم المواطنة الرقمية لدى الطلاب.
الامام ابن الصلاح واختياراته الفقهية المتعلقة بالحيض والنفاس وأثرهما على الطهارة - دراسة فقهية مقارنة بين المذاهب الأربعة
Authors: باسم شهاب أحمد
Published: June 2023

يتناول هذا البحث دراسة شخصية إسلامية، ألا وهو الأمام تقي الدين ابن الصلاح، فهو من اصول كردية من بلدة شهرزور، اول ما تلقى العلم عن طريق والده الملقب بصلاح الدين، فنشأ في بيت علم، وصلاح، وحصل مكانة مرموقة في المذهب الشافعي، وتتبين من خلال كثرة شيوخه، وتلاميذه، وثناء العلماء عليه، وكثرت مؤلفاته، وستمر على هذا الحال الى ان توفاه الله (عز وجل) في مدينة دمشق.ومن كتبه المهمة (شرح مشكل الوسيط)، حيث بين فيه اراءه واختياراته الفقهية التي تتميز عن اختيارات غيره من العلماء.وتتجلى اهمية الموضوع من خلال اختياراته للمسائل التي تتعلق بالحيض والنفاس وأثره على الطهارة، وتندرج تحت هذا العنوان ثلاث مسائل: المسألة الاولى: حكم الحائض التي جاوز دمها مدة الحيض؟ وقد اختلف العلماء في هذه المسألة الى قولين: اختار ابن الصلاح منها أنه يرجع في ذلك إلى العادة لا إلى تمييز لون الدم.المسألة الثانية: حكم الاستمتاع بالحائض في فترة الحيض؟ وقد اختلف فيها الى اربعة أقوال اختار ابن الصلاح منها انه يباح الاستمتاع بكل شيء ماعدا الفرج والدبر.المسألة الثالثة: حكــــم الطهر الواقع بين دمي النفاس؟ وقد اختلف فيها الى ثلاثة أقوال: اختار ابن الصلاح منها أن الطهر بين دم النفاس لا يعتبر فاصلاً بين الدمين فيكون دم نفاس، وقد رجحت في هذه المسائل دليله اقوى دون التعصب للمذاهب والاقوال. ومن الله التوفيق
Gender Differences in Teaching Literature Through an Emotional Intelligence Model
Authors: Dishari Samira , AlAfnan Mohammad
Published: June 2023

This 12-week experimental study examines the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) scores and gender in an effort to clarify the persistent generalization that males are less emotionally intelligent than girls. The intervention program's curriculum that was introduced to 87 grade 11 male and female Lebanese students included four literary short stories with three levels of analysis: informational, conceptual, and ESL. Characters, emotional intelligence abilities, and attributes were analyzed at the last level of analysis. At the start of the program and following therapy, the participants took the Shutte Social Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT). The study did not reveal any appreciable variations between genders in this regard. Males and females were almost equally emotionally intelligent. It is advised that, in addition to gender, the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic success be explored in order to uncover any correlations that may benefit students in their studies. The study found that EQ scores improved for both sexes after the intervention, but there was a small but significant difference in mean EQ scores between males and females after the intervention. This indicates that teaching literature using an emotional intelligence paradigm has a statistically significant impact on the emotional intelligence EQ scores of males and females as indicated by the Shutte Social Emotional Intelligent Test.
Quantification of antibiotics applied in aquaculture in Mymensingh district
Authors: RAHMAN MD. SOHANUR , FARUK MD. ALI REZA , JAHAN FATEMA
Published: June 2023

Quantification of antibiotics applied in aquaculture in Mymensingh district
Features of the skeleton of the girdle of the pelvic limb of the sable of the Black Pushkin breed in the age aspect
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, Yavolovskaya Yana , Shchipakin Mikhail ,   St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine
Published: June 2023

The study of the main morphophysiological parameters of mammalian loco- motor apparatus organs in the age aspect is an important and urgent problem for modern biology and morphology. The development and formation of the pelvic limb skeleton are determined by the living conditions of animals. Fur-bearing animals of natural populations have progressive and harmonious growth and development of long tubular bones in propor- tion to age, but the conditions of the cellular regime make significant adjustments to the morphogenetic transformations of the studied somatic system. The purpose of the study is to study the features of the skeleton of the pelvic limb belt bones of the sable of the black Pushkin breed in the age aspect and to establish the morphometric characteristics of this area. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. Cadaver material for the study was delivered to the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine from the fur farming of the Leningrad region. The objects for this study were the corpses of the black Pushkin sable breed of two age groups: 15-20 months from birth (physi- ological maturity) and 36-40 months from birth (puberty) in the amount of eight pieces in each group. To achieve this task, a complex of traditional anatomical research methods was used: fine anatomical dissection, maceration, photographing and morphometry. When describing anatomical terms, the International Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature (fifth edition) was used. The measurement was carried out with an electronic vernier caliper Orbit OT-INM02 with a division scale of 0.01 mm, manufactured in Russia. The features of the skeleton of the pelvic limb girdle in the age aspect and morphometric characteristics of the bones of this area in the sable of the black Pushkin breed are established
Os saberes constituídos pelos sujeitos da escola do campo: a experiência da produção do cordel no ensino das ciências humanas e sociais.
Authors:   , de Oliveira Barbosa Aline
Published: June 2023

A presente pesquisa toma por base a trajetória com o projeto PIBID - DIVERSIDADE, na área das Ciências Humanas e Sociais, através da ação pedagógica utilizando a literatura de cordel como recurso pedagógico na contextualização das escolas do campo no município de Sumé – PB. Pois o cordel é uma importante ferramenta para facilitar a aprendizagem e superar lacunas deixadas pelo ensino tradicional. Desta forma, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo relatar a experiência da produção do cordel no ensino das Ciências Humanas e Sociais na Escola do campo José Bonifácio Barbosa de Andrade e sua contribuição no processo de ensino-aprendizagem na sala de aula. No desenvolver da pesquisa utilizamos os pressupostos teóricos da Observação Participante e da Pesquisa-Ação em diferentes momentos. Verificou-se que a pesquisa-ação realizada foi relevante para aprendizagem dos alunos, pois os mesmos desenvolveram por meio do cordel em sala de aula uma melhor compreensão do conteúdo, expressando em estrofes um pouco dos conhecimentos populares e dos conceitos geográficos, revelando sua identidade e sentimento de pertença com a comunidade que os mesmos habitam.
Structural components of adolescent’s environmental awareness in a general education institution
Authors: Moshura Valeriya
Published: June 2023

The relevance of the problem of developing adolescents’ environmental awareness is conditioned upon the need to instil in students the concepts of nature management and nature conservation in a general education institution to develop healthy behaviour towards nature and its resources, and an appropriate level of value attitude towards natural and cultural monuments. The purpose of the research is to identify the main structural components, factors and conditions for the development of environmental awareness of adolescents in educational institutions, and to identify opportunities for using the latest information technologies for the development and promotion of environmental awareness. To comprehensively explore the subject of environmental awareness, the research uses analytical, statistical and comprehensive research methods. The main results of the study are to identify the types and specific features of the development of environmental awareness in adolescents. The research presents the criteria of environmental competence: cognitive, value and activity-practice. The structure of the ecological consciousness of pupils of general educational institutions based on cognitive, connotative, axiological and perceptual-emotional levels is determined. The research considers the possibilities of using information technologies that will help to develop a new programme of adolescent consciousness-raising, namely, modern systems for displaying and disseminating information, social networks, and online conferences and online courses. The practical significance of the research work lies in the establishment of a new programme for the development of a healthy attitude of adolescents towards the environment and the establishment of basic values that should be used to preserve existing natural and cultural monuments, and in classes on environmental awareness in secondary schools, training courses and out-of-school education.
Psychological features of women’s codependency during the midlife crisis
Authors: Lymankina Alla
Published: June 2023

The relevance of the research is conditioned upon the rapid spread of the problem of codependency, which has a destructive impact on the psychological state, and social and personal development of a person. The purpose of the research is to determine the psychological traits of codependent women in the period of midlife crisis. The research methodology is based on the methods of critical analysis, synthesis and generalisation of scientific and methodological literature. In the course of the study, the concept of codependence is defined, and the factors of its development are identified. It has been established that the main factor that becomes a prerequisite for the emergence of codependency is upbringing in a dysfunctional family. The psychological features of women’s codependency and their manifestations are described. It has been established that codependent women are characterised by low self-esteem, a desire to control others, using psychological defence mechanisms, self-sacrifice, and caring for others, forgetting about their own needs and feelings. The author analyses the midlife crisis as a factor of personality transformation and a period with a high opportunity to free oneself from codependency. It is determined that during a midlife crisis, a person tries to reassess their life, achievements, and behavioural patterns. The author argues that the midlife crisis can have both destructive consequences, including the loss of the meaning of life, and constructive ones, which are manifested in the discovery of new meanings. The results of the scientific research are designed to generalise theoretical data on the problem of codependency and identify the psychological traits of codependent women. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the systematisation of scientific approaches to the study of codependent personality and the identification of psychological traits of codependent women in the period of midlife crisis.
Integrated Finite Element Neural Network (I-FENN) for non-local continuum damage mechanics
Authors: Pantidis Panos
Published: June 2023

In this talk I will present I-FENN, a novel Integrated Finite Element Neural Network framework. The objective of I-FENN is to accelerate the numerical solution of non-linear, multi-physics, computational mechanics problems. The central idea is to deploy physics-informed machine learning algorithms directly in the finite element stiffness function, to approximate state variables of interest at a glance while ensuring the convergence of nonlinear solvers such as Newton Raphson.

In this work, I-FENN is implemented in the continuum damage analysis of quasi-brittle materials. A new non-local gradient damage framework which operates at the cost of a local damage approach is established. At the offline stage, the pre-trained network receives as input the deformation state of each material point and learns to predict the corresponding nonlocal strain, as well as its derivative with respect to the local strain. Then, in the online stage, the network is integrated in the element stiffness definition and its outputs are used to construct the element Jacobian and residual vector. The latter process is carried out within the nonlinear solver until convergence is achieved. Therefore, the proposed method tackles the vital drawbacks of both the local and non-local gradient method, respectively being the mesh-dependence and the additional computational cost. A series of numerical examples showcases the feasibility, computational efficiency, generalization capability and robustness of I-FENN.
ON THE CORRELATION BETWEEN E-MONEY AND VIRTUAL CURRENCIES
Authors: SILIVONCHYK A.
Published: June 2023

Some researchers hold the view a virtual currency is only a stage in the development of e-money and does not differ significantly from it, while others are convinced e-money and virtual currency are quite different concepts that have little in common. This article focuses on the relationship between the two concepts: " e-money" and "virtual currency". As a result of the analysis, the author concludes that "electronic money" and "virtual currency" are different concepts that have little in common and differ in substance. Among other things, these categories have different legal nature, different status with respect to recognition as legal tender, and differ significantly in the manner in which they are created.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CERTAIN CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF CITIZENS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FORMATION OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS FOR THE PERIOD 2011-2015
Authors: CHERNETSKAYA N.
Published: June 2023

The article describes the main achievements in the field of informatization in the Republic of Belarus for the period 2011–2015 and their impact on the development of legal norms aimed at ensuring certain constitutional rights of citizens. Significant legislative innovations in the field under study are presented and their assessment, both positive and critical, is given. It is concluded that it is necessary to allocate the analyzed period as an independent stage on the way to digital transformation.
FEATURES OF FORMING A UNIFIED FOREIGN TRADE SYSTEM FOR REGULATION OF EAEU GOODS
Authors: GARASHCHENKA A.
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the features of the formation of a unified foreign trade system for regulating goods in the conditions of the functioning of the Eurasian Economic Union by studying the evolutionary formation of a single space of various integration associations. Such a view of the problem made it possible to identify the features and shortcomings of each of the stages, to determine the features of interaction between the countries participating in the EAEU.
RISKS AND THREATS ARISING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTION BETWEEN UNIVERSITIES AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES BASED ON THE TRIPLE HELIX MODEL IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGICAL
Authors: KLIMENKO V. , DROZDOVICH L. , KAZANTSAVA V.
Published: June 2023

The article identifies and analyzes the risks and threats that arise during the development of interaction between universities and industrial enterprises based on the triple helix model in the context of modern technological modernization. The authors name as the main risks and threats arising in this case: the lack of clear goal-setting at the state level, translated into a triple helix; insufficiently high degree of adaptability of the links of the triple helix to the realities of the risk economy; possible weakening of national ideology; lack of a national idea; the threat of a decrease in the quality of human capital. The authors come to the conclusion that the development of interaction between universities and industrial enterprises based on the triple helix model in the context of modern technological modernization in the Republic of Belarus takes place in conditions of increasing influence of global political and economic instability, in connection with which the most important condition for countering new challenges and threats is to increase the adaptability of the existing economic model to external and internal challenges and threats.
THE ECONOMIC CONTENT OF ADAPTIVE SUPPLY CHAINS
Authors: ROZINA А. , HULIAHINA O.
Published: June 2023

The article substantiates the relevance of research in the field of supply chain sustainability. A critical analysis of various approaches of foreign authors to the concept of sustainability is carried out. The elements of supply chain sustainability are highlighted and it is proposed to take into account flexibility, adaptability and consistency as the main ones. A more in-depth analysis of the adaptability of the supply chain as a leading element of the stability of chains at the present stage of development is carried out. The author's definition of the concept of «adaptive supply chain» is formulated.
Análise do conhecimento de mulheres a respeito da importância da fisioterapia gestacional
Authors: França Laira Alacoque , Rocha Amanda Cristina  Fernandes Vasconcelos , Borges Maria Beatriz Silva e
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foiidentificar através de um questionário oconhecimento de mulheres a respeito da fisioterapiadurante o período gestacional Método: Participaramdo estudo 150 mulheres acima de 18 anos residentesou não do Brasil. Resultados: Os resultados do questionário evidenciou que 75, 3% já ouviram falarda fisioterapia gestacional, 89,3% acreditam que a fisioterapia é importante na gravidez, 95.3% achamque a maioria das mulheres sabem da importância da mesma, informa que 37,3% conhece alguma mulherque realizou fisioterapia visando um bom parto, 84% acha que a fisioterapia não está indicada apenas parapartos naturais, outras 88,7% acham que o ter umfisioterapeuta no parto é benéfico, 13,3% dasparticipantes apenas já realizaram fisioterapia na gestação, 82% acreditam que mulheres sedentáriastêm partos difíceis, a todas elas, 100% acha que omédico obstetra deve informar as gestantes sobre afisioterapia gestacional. Conclusão: Conclui-se que apesar da maior proporção da amostra estudada teralgum conhecimento sobre a fisioterapia gestacional,ainda há muitas mulheres que desconhecem a atuação destes profissionais e os benefícios que omesmo implica sobre as gestantes.
Eventos pluviais erosivos simulados sob diferentes coberturas do solo em Paragominas - Pará
Authors: Roman Junior Osmar , Ribeiro Galvão Yago , Guerreiro Martorano Lucieta , Ferreira dos Santos Seidel , Araújo Lucas Flávia , Moreira da Silva Castro Rosecelia , Siqueira Nunes Bianca
Published: June 2023

Objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar potenciais impactos decorrentes de simulações de eventos pluviais erosivos quantificando e qualificando os sedimentos carreados em solo com quatro tipos de coberturas típicas de sistemas agropecuários. A pesquisa foi realizada com dois simuladores de chuva, um fixo e outro móvel, entre os dias 14 a 20 de outubro de 2015. Para coleta da solução de solo fez-se um canal no final da parcela. O simulador móvel consistiu em uma estrutura com cinco garrafas de 20 L cortadas e dispostas a 90º, com o solo e respectivas coberturas, uma garrafa a 180º presa na estrutura de forma que ficasse acima das outras garrafas, servindo de reservatório da água. As cultivares utilizadas foram milho, capim Mombaça, soja e grama Bermuda. As amostras foram submetidas a análises de pH, turbidez, cor, sólidos totais, resíduos e sedimentos erodidos por m². Os resultados apontaram que a cobertura vegetal atenua o impacto das gotas de chuva evitando o surgimento ou mitigando o agravamento de processos erosivos. O capim Mombaça e a soja pela arquitetura foliar foram os mais eficientes na redução do transporte de sedimentos ao comparar com as parcelas de grama, milho e solo exposto.
PEMBERIAN PELATIHAN PUBLIC SPEAKING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPERCAYAAN DIRI DAN KETERAMPILAN PRESENTASI DI DEPAN UMUM
Authors: Jalal Novita Maulidya , Gaffar Syamsul Bakhri , Syam Rahmawati , Syarif Kurnia Ali , Idris Miftah
Published: June 2023

Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri dan keterampilan presentasi di depan umum. Peserta pengabdian ini terdiri atas 4 orang yakni 3 orang mahasiswa, dan 1 orang lulusan sarjana strata 1. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dimulai dari pagi hingga sore hari, dimana kegiatan meliputi pemberian materi public speaking, pelaksanaan role play, serta pemberian feedback bagi setiap peserta. Adapun hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa peserta memperoleh peningkatan pengetahuan berdasarkan hasil evaluasi melalui Teknik wawancara yang ditujukan kepada peserta. Selain itu, dilakukan penilaian terhadap peningkatan keterampilan presentasi pada seluruh peserta sebelum dan setelah diberikan pelatihan public speaking. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pelatihan public speaking dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan presentasi pada peserta yang dapat meningatkan kepercayaan diri peserta dalam presentasi di depan umum.
The rising tide of criticality in social entrepreneurship and social innovation
Authors: Curtis Timothy , Bull Michael , Nowak Vicky
Published: June 2023

In this article, we trace a rising tide of criticality to highlight three waves in a sea of social entrepreneurship/social innovation (SE/SI) research. Our aim is to draw attention to counter, alternative and critical perspectives in the field and how ‘dangerous’ their co-option by right wing narratives is. We review what we believe to be three waves in the development of a critical research agenda undertaken by a cohort of academics who, in their loyalty to the field, have sought to unpick the underlying assumptions in the practice of, and academic reflection on, social innovation. We set out the early instrumentalist critique, in which the success and social utility of SE/SI is questioned. We secondly highlight a post-structuralist shift, in which hidden and unheard voices and perspectives are welcomed and celebrated. The third wave, for us, constitutes a dangerous threat to the SE/SI project, threatening to undermine and co-opt the first two waves, as has happened in other related fields of intellectual endeavour. We position this paper to not only engage with scholars who challenge the normative assumptions behind social innovation research, but also to draw attention to the entry of right-wing politics in post-modernist critical theory. It is not that everything in this third wave is bad, but that everything becomes unexpectedly dangerous, especially if we uncritically adopt reflexivity, naturalization and performativity as politically and morally neutral positions. Contra to Foucault, in adopting a critical realist stance, we begin to propose that ‘the social’, posed as an inherently ‘good’ thing, is an ontological reality that is knowable, albeit given that our knowledge of what is ‘good’ is nonetheless limited and partial. In the first Skoll World Forum (2004) some activists put up posters in the toilets of Said Business School warning delegates, ‘beware social entrepreneurship: a wolf in sheep’s clothes!’ (Nicholls & Young, 2008, p. 272). We conclude our paper warning that SE/SI is not the only wolf to be concerned about!
Everything and nothing: A critical review of the “social” in Innovation and Entrepreneurship studies
Authors: Sardo Stefania , Callegari Beniamino , Misganaw Bisrat A.
Published: June 2023

Over the past two decades we have witnessed growing academic and policy interest in phenomena such as social innovation and social entrepreneurship. In these instances, the “social” element has often been described as a new or rediscovered category, indicating a normative predisposition to “elevate” existing or emerging innovation and entrepreneurship processes by identifying and promoting socially-acceptable standards of behavior and goal-setting. While previous reviews on social innovation have focused on the historical development of the concept and its role in academic debate, this article critically reviews the place of the “social” in current mainstream Innovation and Entrepreneurship (I&E) studies. The aim is to understand how this literature has been evolving in relation to this element and to what extent this addition has promoted a radical shift in the research direction. Our review, based on selected articles from 16 I&E mainstream journals, advances a novel classification of the dominant approaches to the social dimension in I&E studies, identifying four main categories: disciplinary, integrationist, separationist, and essentialist. What emerges is that most I&E studies ignore, minimize, or compartmentalize the “social”, using it to extend existing frameworks rather than to evolve them. Indeed, while the “social” has been offering an avenue for critical views to challenge mainstream discourse, at present it does not seem to significantly affect the latter’s evolution.
Developing Interpreting Competence via VR-based Multimodal Teaching: Design and Implementation
Authors: Zhu Li , Liao Xinhai
Published: June 2023

Despite its increasing popularity and widely recognized effectiveness, the multimodal approach to interpreting teaching is not without challenges. Implementing multimodal interpreting teaching in the classroom could cause a considerable burden on the teacher and students, and the interpreting practice within the classroom would take much time from the already limited teaching hours. There is a need to create opportunities for students to practice interpreting outside the classroom. Despite the potential of virtual reality (VR), few studies have considered how VR can be applied to interpreting teaching. This paper explores how VR can be applied to foster students’ interpreting competence. The paper proposes two types of VR-based interpreting teaching (offline in the laboratory and online outside the classroom) to address the challenges of multimodal interpreting teaching. The teaching model in a foremost university is used as a point in case for illustrative purposes. The paper indicates that offline VR-based teaching in the virtual simulation laboratory can systematically train students with each of their interpreting sub-skills, while online VR platform can develop their interpreting skills through autonomous practice. The paper also discusses the constraints on VR-based interpreting teaching. Practical implications for the application of VR to interpreting teaching are included.
Health - Related Quality of Life in Third Age: Assessment and Modern Applications
Authors: THEOFILOU Paraskevi
Published: June 2023

Introduction: In recent years there has been a growing interest in the investigation of the quality of life (QOL) in elderly patients. Purpose: The examination of the psychometric properties of the Greek version of the Missoula-Vitas Quality of Life Index-15 (MVQOLI) questionnaire, the shortest form of the MVQOLI-25, as well as the Illness Effects Questionnaire (IEQ) in a sample of elderly patients. Material and method: The Greek version includes the 15 questions of the English prototype, while the study of the questionnaire was based on a sample of 79 elderly subjects consisting of patients with chronic renal failure of end stage who were attending a dialysis program (HD). The questionnaire consists of five dimensions (symptoms, functionality, interpersonal relationships, wellbeing, spirituality) and the overall score. The statistical analyses carried out relate to the measurement of internal validity, repeatability, the agreement of the replies (test, re-test reliability), as well as the convergent validity with the statistical programme Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23.0. The IEQ questionnaire also examined the reliability and validity of different groups of elderly chronic patients. Results: The internal validity of the MVQOLI-15 was satisfactory, with the total score of Cronbach's alpha being 0.74. Regarding the convergent validity, significant correlations were identified between the overall score and the five dimensions. The test, re-test reliability (Pearson’s r και ICC values) was excellent, with values ranging from 0,91 to 0,98. In a general population of elderly patients, IEQ had excellent short-term R = 0.99 measure- ments while in a population of elderly people with spinal injuries, the two-day reliability coefficient was R = 0.95. IEQ developed relatively strong relationships with Illness Behavior Questionnaire in a population of 121 elderly patients with chronic pain and arthritis. Conclusions: The above questionnaires are reliable and valid tools to assess the QOL.
The Operational and Financial Performance of Public Hospitals During the Period 2014 - 2018, Based on Published Financial Statements
Authors: LAZARI Evangelia
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Financial statements of public hospitals provide information to those who have a reasonable interest in their financial position and performance (e.g. the Parliament, the Regional Health Authorities, the Ministry of Health, the taxpayers, the suppliers, etc.). The information provided is useful to users for accountability purposes and decision making. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the preparation of audited financial statements, the bench- marking of key operational and financial figures, the analysis of financial figures with cost indicators and the qualitative analysis of certified public accountants’ (CPAs) audit reports. Methodology: The audited Financial Statements as well as yearly hospital activity data from Business Intelligence (B.I.) Platform were collected and processed. The quantitative data characterizing operational and financial perfor- mance of public hospitals were compared, through time-series analysis. Results: The analysis demonstrates key financial figures for the period from 2014 until 2018 namely receivables, cash and cash equivalents, short-term liabilities, operating income, operating expenses and net profit or loss. More- over, bed occupancy rate, cost per inpatient and cost per inpatient day are calculated at both hospital and health region level. Conclusions: The analysis provides useful information about operational and financial performance of public hospitals. Many hospitals lack timeliness, due to unpublished annual financial reports. Cash accumulation and decline in short-term liabilities were observed, while in total the operating income is higher than the operating expenditure of public hospitals. The financials are fairly presented with the exception of some specified areas. Suggestions are made for improvement and speculating on future directions.
Occupational Pension Funds: their Position in the Greek Pension System, between Social Security and Private Insurance
Authors: SYMEONIDIS Georgios
Published: June 2023

The Greek Pension System is founded on the premises of the multi-pillar system notion as expressed by the World Bank Group. The first pillar comprises social security, the sec- ond one comprises Occupational funds and the third one consistis of private pension funds. The location of the second pillar is not exactly defined, by most researchers, as it consti- tutes neither social nor private insurance. Simultaneously, it bears resemblances to both. The aim of this study was to explore this delicate matter and characterize the nature of the second pillar. We result in a focused position as regards the second pillar location amongst the other two. More specifically, the main finding shows that occupational pensions are closer in nature to Social Security than they are to Private Insurance, whilst they constitute a flexible, yet insuf- ficiently developed, organisation that is both an instrument for ensuring benefits for the elderly and an alternative for savings.
A Comparative Analysis of the “Doctors'” Compensation Systems in Greece and the U.K.
Authors: VLASSIS Ioannis , CHATZOPOULOU Sofia , COULOUMPI Maria , CANTZIOU Chrysanthi
Published: June 2023

The limited financial resources and the increasing cost of healthcare services, make it urgent for governments around the globe to develop insightful reward systems that will enable them to offer high-quality services to citizens in a cost-effective manner. It is widely accepted that the labour costs in the health care sector form an important part of the overall healthcare expenses. Therefore, doctors' remuneration packages should be carefully designed. There are three major ways doctors usually are paid: fee for service, capitation, and salary. In this paper, a rigorous comparative analysis is conducted around the doctors' compensation methods in Greece and the United Kingdom (U.K.) to explore areas for further improvement in the Greek healthcare system.
Access to Primary Healthcare Services, and Patient Satisfaction: The Greek Experience
Authors: BROTZAKI Eleni , KOUTSOURIS Dimitris , LAMBROU George
Published: June 2023

Public health services in Greece have been under persistent pressure, due to the constant fiscal crisis. Health policies related to Primary Health Care (PHC) in the country, despite long-term restructuring efforts, need to be reviewed and redefined. The aim of this study is to analyse the accessibility and satisfaction rates in Greece, as part of the health policies for the PHC of the country. We performed research for the analysis of data with respect to the accessibility to PHC and the investigated data included satisfaction, accessibility, and waiting times. Data were obtained from the European Statistical Authority (EuroStat). A literature search was performed also in the PubMed database, using as appropriate indexing words «quality indicators», «health care», «primary health care», «Greece», and «fiscal crisis». We found that, before the onset of the economic crisis (2004-2008) in Greece, the proportion of citizens unable to access the PHC struc- tures ranged from 4% to 5.5% (2008). During the fiscal crisis period, this figure has almost doubled to 9% (2014). Similarly, the satisfaction of patients from PHC services showed a particularly downward trend. The pre-crisis rate ranged from 94.7% to 92.6% (2008), declining steadily over the crisis and dropping to just 88.8% (2013). The year 2016 appears to be a turning point, to the patterns found up to that time, where the accessibility improved. The Greek fiscal crisis has created many challenges in PHC in relation to the accessibility and satisfaction of citizens with the services provided. In conclusion, the goal of further improvement of the provided primary care services can be achieved by the Greek state through strategic planning, which will take into account the nowadays and particular socio-economic conditions.
CoViD-19 Crisis Management in ICUs, Before Vaccines Rollout
Authors: BISKANAKI Elpiniki , SKITSOU Alexandra , CHARALAMBOUS George
Published: June 2023

At the end of 2019, the Chinese health authorities detected a new strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 ). This new strain seemed to cause a number of cases with serious complications and deaths. As the virus spread, health systems around the world were unprepared for the pandemic that followed. Here we study the coping strategies, in the form of govern- ment guidelines and/or scientific associations’ recommendations, for prioritizing patients due to the increased flow of patients in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), before the production and use of the vaccines, during the first year of the pandemic. Moreover, we study the ethical dilemmas of this period. A bibliographic review was conducted in the databases Pubmed, Researchgate, and GoogleScholar, in English, Italian, French, and Greek language using the keywords “COVID -19”, “ethics”/“etica”/“ethique”/“ηθική”,“bioethics”/“bioetica”/“bioethique”/“βιοηθική”,“ICU”/“UTI”/“USI”/ “ΜΕΘ”. The time limit for inclusion in the survey was the end of 2020. We found that for crisis management effectiveness, those in volved, both directly and indirectly, were asked to consider options such as (a) the prioritization in ICU's admission of patients with the best prognosis, (b) the increase in the number of ICU beds, (c) the transfer of patients in need to ICUs in remote areas, where had available beds, and (d) the cessa- tion of life support. Each option, whether chosen to be implemented alone or in combination with other, raises basic eth- ical dilemmas for health professionals working in the ICU. In conclusion, the adoption of boundary solutions in the provision of health care, where the common denominator is respect for human life, tests or contradicts the moral standards and personal ethics of those responsible for making the decision.
Universal Oral Health Coverage: Investigating the Conditions for Implementation of the Historic WHO Resolution in Greece
Authors: TSARNAVA Zoi , TSANTIDOU Maria , KONSTANTINIDIS Theocharis , SYNGELAKIS Aristomenis
Published: June 2023

Oral health is an integral part of overall human health. However, the reduction of public dental funding and chronic weaknesses of the Greek Health System has exacerbated inequalities in access to dental care. In this paper, we aim to uncover the current situation in Greece, regarding the provision of dental care and detect the necessary actions for adopting the historic World Health Organisation (WHO) Resolution on Oral Health (May 2021), which mandates the universal coverage of oral health. Qualitative research was conducted, involving sixteen(16) health system experts, public health officials, as well as representatives of the wider dental community, and patients, who were invited to answer an eleven(11)-item questionnaire, through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The validity of the results was confirmed with the method of triangulation, using multiple data sources. A review of the literature and a search for statistical data in reliable databases were also performed. Low prioritization of oral health, understaffing of National Health System (NHS) dental departments, almost zero public dental funding, wide and deep inequalities, and exclusions of access to dental care were found. A National Oral Health Strategy as well as full integration of Dentistry into the Health System, the adoption of a minimum guaranteed share of public health funding dedicated to oral health, and the creation of an Observatory of Inequalities and Oral Health Policies are considered neces- sary actions for the significant improvement of the oral health status of the Greek population. The WHO Resolution on Oral Health is a call for action toward a modern, universal, effective, efficient, comprehensive, and humancentered health system that gives dental care the place it deserves. Political will, a minimum guaranteed percentage of public health funding dedicated to oral health, and a National Strategy emerge as the pillars of this imperative reform.
Costing of Services in Intensive Care Unit by using DRG system in OECD countries
Authors: MASTROGIANNI Maria , GALANIS Petros , KAITELIDOU Daphne , KATSOULAS Theodoros
Published: June 2023

The trend for quality, efficient, and productive financing of health service providers, especially Intensive Care Units (ICUs), has become increasingly evident in recent decades. In this study, we investigate the prospective reimburse- ment method, per case of hospitalization in the ICU, according to the Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs), in the OECD countries, as well as the appropriateness of using the method, in the particular environment of the ICU. A systematic review of papers published up until July 2022 was conducted. The search was performed on PubMed, Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The criteria for inclusion in this review were the calculation by researchers of the appropriateness of using DRGs in the ICU, as a method of reimbursement, through comparison with the actual cost of hospitalization of patients in the ICU. Only sixteen(16) of the scientific papers retrieved met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Ten(10) studies assessed the appropriateness of applying DRGs as a reim- bursement method in adult ICUs and six(6) assessed the appropriateness of applying DRGs as a reimbursement method in Neonatal Intensive Care Units and pediatric ICUs. Discrepancies were observed between the actual cost of hospitalization and the reimbursement amount in all categories of ICUs. Finding the right DRG system, combined with other financing methods, would be a useful policy tool to help manage finances, contain costs, and provide quality health services.
The Epidemiology of Coxiella infections in Domestic Animals and Humans in ‎Nigeria: A Review
Authors: Baba A. Y. , Saidu S. N. A. , Kaltungo B. Y. , Ibrahim S. , Buhari U. H.
Published: June 2023

Q fever is a bacterial zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetiiwith global epidemiology. Transmission of the disease in humans is mainly via inhalation of aerosolized bacteria and consumption of contaminated unpasteurized milk, while in animals it is through ingestion of contaminated pasture during grazing by susceptible animals. The disease is usually asymptomatic in animals, but has been implicated in abortion, stillbirths, endometritis, mastitis and infertility. In humans, it manifests as acute and chronic forms with the acute form having signs as self-limiting flu-like syndrome, pneumonia and hepatitis. Diagnosis is mainly through serology using ELISA, CFT, dot immunoblotting, and molecular assay. This study aimed at reviewing the literature to provide relevant information on the epidemiology and risk factors of Coxiella infection in Nigeria. The disease had been reported in all the geopolitical zones of Nigeria and it is said to have no breed, sex and age predisposition. Some of the risk factors identified to play vital roles in the epidemiology of the disease in Nigeria include husbandry and management practices, transboundary transfer of animals, poor hygiene at abattoirs as well as poor knowledge, attitude, and practices by livestock owners and abattoir personnel. It is recommended that there should be public enlightenment along with continuous education of stakeholders in the livestock industry on the significance of the disease.
“If a Black Woman Had Done It”: The Beliefs and Attitudes of Black Women K–12 Art Educators’ Curricular Experiences
Authors: Bailey Indira
Published: June 2023

Although the curriculum drives an educational program and is essential to students’ learning, minimal research documents the impact of whiteness in the curriculum development process for Black women K–12 art educators. This narrative inquiry aimed to explore how Black women who teach art in elementary and secondary school feel about their curriculum. For many educators, the school district provides their curriculum without input or knowledge of the students’ cultural backgrounds. The promotion of whiteness deters a diverse and inclusive learning environment. Through a Black feminist perspective, I critically expose, analyze, and identify Black women K–12 art educator's curricular experiences. In their narratives, I reveal the reality of how race influences who writes the curriculum and who is the target audience of learners. I interviewed 21 Black women who expressed their lived experience as K–12 art educators. Based on the findings of this study, the participants identify their challenges to create a diversified curriculum that mirrors the students in their classroom. The study encourages administrators, curriculum developers, and the field of art education to address the influence of race and gender on Black women's experiences.
Actividad antifúngica de accesiones de maíz (Zea mays L.) de grano con presencia de fenoles coloridos
Authors: Salinas Moreno Yolanda , Resendiz Valencia J. Ricardo , Arteaga Garibay Ramón Ignacio , Zacamo Velázquez Norma Yadira
Published: June 2023

El grano de maíz contiene elevadas cantidades de compuestos fenólicos los cuales poseen diversas actividades biológicas, entre las que se encuentra la actividad antifúngica (AAF). El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la AAF del extracto acetónico del grano de maíz de accesiones con diferentes coloraciones de grano. En el estudio Se emplearon 60 accesiones de grano azul morado (AZM), 34 accesiones de grano rojo cereza (RC) y 26 accesiones de grano rojo ladrillo (RL).  Se utilizaron las técnicas de microdilución en placa y la prueba de porcentaje de inhibición fúngica para evaluar la AAF de los granos de maíz.  Como agente patogénico se empleó una cepa de Fusarium oxysporum y el antifúngico comercial Itraconazol como testigo negativo. La prueba de microdilución en placa funcionó como filtro para los extractos de las accesiones, al reducir en 50 % las muestras que se sometieron a la prueba de porcentaje de inhibición, considerada cuantitativa de la AAF. Los extractos de las accesiones de grano AZM presentaron menor AAF que los de los granos RC y RL. Con la prueba de porcentaje de inhibición se comprobó la mayor AAF de los extractos de maíz con grano RC.  Ninguno de los extractos superó la AAF del antifúngico comercial Itraconazol. La AAF del grano de maíz está asociada con su color.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v17i2.1172
Monets Memory of Camille: A Theme-Based Analysis of Monets Paintings
Authors: Bai Yiyi
Published: June 2023

Claude Monet was not only a pioneer of Impressionism but also one of the most famous artists in hundreds of years of art history. Although many scholars and art historians have done a lot of research on Monet, the analysis of the relationship between Monet and his wife from the perspective of painting is still lacking. This paper studies and discusses the development of the relationship between Claude Monet and Camille Monet by reading documents, books and letters, and analyzing the paintings that Monet painted for Camille. The conclusion of this paper is that as time passes, Monet became more and more proficient in Impressionistic paintings -- the kind of painting with painterly and visible brushstrokes, light colors, unusual emphasis on light, etc. He painted more and more Camille. His love for Camille culminated in her death from metastatic cervical cancer, which didnt get over for several years. By studying the development of their relationship in paintings, people can have a better and deeper understanding of Monet himself, his life with Camille, and the meaning behind his paintings, so as to gain a deeper insight into the history of art.
Moon Imagery and Poetry Emotions: A Corpus-Based Analysis from the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphor
Authors: Liang Xinyu
Published: June 2023

The moon is abundant in imagery, and Chinese poets have expressed various emotions via this imagery. Based on the BLCU Corpus Center (BCC), this paper used the conceptual metaphor framework to analyse the moon imagery and emotions expressed in randomly selected 220 Song Cis. The author counted the frequency of different emotions, grammatical and lexical annotations, and analysed the imagery using specific conceptual metaphors (i.e., structural metaphor, orientation metaphor, ontological metaphor, and container metaphor). The paper also analysed the distribution of different emotions in the poems selected from the corpus using chi-square tests. Through the analysis, the author found that more negative emotions than positive ones were expressed in the selected Cis and that there were more Cis that express personal emotions and fewer that express concerns about society and changing dynasties. This paper draws on the structural, directional and ontological metaphors of conceptual metaphor to analyse the relationship between lexico-grammatical features and emotions expressed in Song Cis. The results revealed that poets used adjectives frequently in expressing different emotions and that more negative emotions were expressed by poets regardless of the dynasties in which those poets lived. This study has implications for future corpus-based analysis of typical imagery in classical Chinese literary works from the perspective of cognitive linguistics.