bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING (TVET): TEMPAT ASAS PEMBINAAN BUDAYA KESELAMATAN DI MALAYSIA
Authors: Isa Rosidi Fahlid Mohd
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate occupational safety and health practices among students and lecturers of the Technical Education and Vocational Training Institute (TVET) in Malaysia from the point of view of safety practice, implementation level, compliance and cultural level of occupational safety and health practices. The methodology used in this study uses a quantitative approach. The study was carried out in two parts, Part A was about the personal information of the respondents and Part B was the survey using a questionnaire with respondents from several Technical Education and Vocational Training institutes (TVET) such as Vocational College (KV), Industrial Training Institute (ILP) , National Youth Skills Institute (IKBN) and Mara Skills Institute (IKM). Descriptive statistics tests used to describe occupational safety and health practices, levels of occupational safety and health, occupational safety and health compliance and occupational safety and health culture, found that they applied high level of practice, safety implementation. This means that almost all students and faculty agree that compliance with occupational safety and health practices is of utmost importance and practiced. From this culture of safety practices will create a safe work culture, which will indirectly create a safety culture. An organization that provides a safe environment will benefit workers in their work activities
THE EFFECT OF SELF-CONCEPT ON THE STUDENTS’ ENTREPRENEURSHIP POTENTIAL
Authors: Yani Dwi Ari , Sayuti Muhammad , Achsan Bambang Noor
Published: February 2020

Entrepreneurship contributes to economic development in any country and can be linked to economic growth. The increasing number of young entrepreneurs is needed to support the growth of the world economy. Universities realize the importance of developing students' entrepreneurial potential. This study aims to determine the effect of self-concept of the potential college student entrepreneurship. This research is a quantitative study. The formulation of the problem is whether self-concept influences the entrepreneurial potential of students. The research subjects were students of the Akademi Kesejahteraan Sosial (AKK) with majors in culinary, fashion and cosmetology. In achieving its objectives, an online questionnaire was given to 60 students. The data collected is analyzed in simple regression model. Data were analyzed with SPSS 16 version. The results showed that self-concept has a positive and significant impact on the potential of entrepreneurship. The academy can strengthen students' self-concept by instilling entrepreneurial values and training to form a good self-concept.
A Scoping Review of Self-Management Interventions Following Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: McIntyre Amanda , Marrocco Stephanie L. , McRae Samantha A. , Sleeth Lindsay , Hitzig Sander , Jaglal Susan , Linassi Gary , Munce Sarah , Wolfe Dalton L.
Published: February 2020

Objective: To conduct a scoping review to identify what components of self-management are embedded in self-management interventions for spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: In accordance with the approach and stages outlined by Arksey and O'Malley (2005), a comprehensive literature search was conducted using five databases. Study characteristics were extracted from included articles, and intervention descriptions were coded using Practical Reviews in Self-Management Support (PRISMS) (Pearce et al, 2016), Barlow et al (2002), and Lorig and Holman's (2003) taxonomy. Results: A total of 112 studies were included representing 102 unique self-management programs. The majority of the programs took an individual approach (52.0%) as opposed to a group (27.4%) or mixed approach (17.6%). While most of the programs covered general information, some provided specific symptom management. Peers were the most common tutor delivering the program material. The most common Barlow components included symptom management ( n = 44; 43.1%), information about condition/treatment ( n = 34; 33.3%), and coping ( n = 33; 32.4%). The most common PRISMS components were information about condition and management ( n = 85; 83.3%), training/rehearsal for psychological strategies ( n = 52; 51.0%), and lifestyle advice and support ( n = 52; 51.0%). The most common Lorig components were taking action ( n = 62; 60.8%), resource utilization ( n = 57; 55.9%), and self-tailoring ( n = 55; 53.9%). Conclusion: Applying self-management concepts to complex conditions such as SCI is only in the earliest stages of development. Despite having studied the topic from a broad perspective, this review reflects an ongoing program of research that links to an initiative to continue refining and testing self-management interventions in SCI.
Usability of the Participation and Quality of Life (PAR-QoL) Outcomes Toolkit Website for Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Beaudoin Maude , Best Krista L. , Routhier François , Atack Lynda , Hitzig Sander L. , Kairy Dahlia
Published: February 2020

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is an important parameter to monitor during rehabilitation; however, accurate assessment is challenging. Among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), assessing QoL is further challenged due to complex sequelae, such as secondary health conditions and factors related to community integration. A Participation and Quality of Life (PAR-QoL) toolkit was created to aid clinicians and researchers in the selection of QoL outcomes tools specific to SCI. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use and usability of the PAR-QoL toolkit. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey from December 2013 to November 2016. Google Analytics were collected from April 2012 to April 2018. Survey sections addressed “use” (behavioral practices and actual use) and “usability” (perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness). Any person who visited the PAR-QoL website was invited to complete the survey. Summary statistics and percent concordances were calculated to describe results from the survey and Google Analytics. Results: The PAR-QoL website had 188,577 users. The five most visited webpages were outcome tools, with bounce rates ranging from 77% to 90%. Of the 46 survey respondents, 67% were not current users of the PAR-QoL website, and 87% intended to use the resources in the future. Conclusion: Uptake of the PAR-QoL website is currently limited. Usability of the PAR-QoL website may be improved by modifying navigation, removing the “less useful” components, ensuring regular updates of content and resources, and promoting the website.
Literatura Latino-americana contemporânea: perspectivas desconstrucionistas e decoloniais de heróis - projetos de leitura crítica
Authors: Klock Ana Maria , Mendez Hugo Eliecer Dorado
Published: February 2020

A figura de Simón Bolívar tem sido reconfigurada, na literatura, a partir de diversas perspectivas que ora convergem com o discurso oficial da história ora divergem em distintos níveis e com distintas intenções ideológicas. A relevância dos feitos do Libertador transcende até os dias atuais e o impacto do legado bolivariano – de luta e resistência, mas, também, de corrupção e autoritarismo – repercute nos cenários nacionais dos países destas terras e deveria chegar ao espaço da sala de aula. Igualmente ocorre com a figura histórica do Imperador do Brasil: D. Pedro I. Na literatura contemporânea latino-americana das últimas décadas encontramos romances híbridos de história e ficção que, por meio de singulares estratégias discursivas, narrativas e escriturais, arquitetam uma figura de Bolívar integralmente desconstruída, abandonando qualquer tipo de indulgência outorgada a respeito dos seus feitos mais questionáveis. Uma dessas obras é escrita por Herbert Morote, pesquisador e literato peruano, La visita de Bolívar (2018). Tal processo também ocorre com D. Pedro I na obra Galantes memórias e admiráveis aventuras do virtuoso conselheiro Gomes, o Chalaça (1994), de Roberto Torero. No presente estudo buscamos, por meio da análise estética e discursiva dessas obras, compreender o processo de desmistificação e desconstrução do qual as figuras históricas são foco para revelar a importância destas obras na trajetória formativa de um leitor crítico. Evidenciamos, também, como esse processo de revisão e ressignificação histórica aponta para novos caminhos dentro dos estudos decoloniais, visando a uma reestruturação ideológica e social no nosso continente. Para tanto, apoiamo-nos nos pressupostos de Mignolo (2007), Fleck (2017) e Menton (1993), entre outros pesquisadores nas áreas da teoria decolonial, do romance histórico na América Latina e dos processos de ressignificação da história pela literatura contemporânea.
Digital possibilities and social mission in the voluntary sector: the case of a community transport organisation in the UK
Authors: Walker Tim , Esmene Shukru , Colebrooke Laura , Leyshon Catherine , Leyshon Michael
Published: February 2020

Digital technology is seen as a panacea to meeting the financial and operational challenges faced by voluntary and community sector organisations (VCSOs), through delivering efficiencies and cost-saving, alongside improving quality of service. However, according to recent assessments in the UK, the rate of digital adoption is slow compared with other sectors. This article identifies how a VCSO in a period of austerity prioritises its social mission over functionality and efficiency gains from digital technology. Employing the heuristic of phronesis, we argue that VCSOs seeking to implement digital innovations need to strike a balance between instrumental rationality (that is, what is possible to achieve with technology) and value rationality (that is, what is desirable to pursue by VCSOs). Our key argument is that theories of value rationality provide a new explanation for the slow adoption of digital technology among VCSOs.
Lensless microscopy platform for single cell and tissue visualization
Authors: Corman Ramona , Boutu Willem , Campalans Anna , Radicella Pablo , Duarte Joana , Kholodtsova Maria , Bally-Cuif Laure , Dray Nicolas , Harms Fabrice , Dovillaire Guillaume , Bucourt Samuel , Merdji Hamed
Published: February 2020

Today, 3D imaging techniques are emerging, not only as a new tool in early drug discovery but also for the development of potential therapeutics to treat disease. Particular efforts are directed towards in vivo physiology to avoid perturbing the system under study. Here, we assess non-invasive 3D lensless imaging and its impact on cell behavior and analysis. We test our concept on various bio-applications and present here the first results. The microscopy platform based on in-holography provides large fields of view images (several mm2 compared to several hundred µm2) with sub-micrometer spatial resolution. 3D image reconstructions are achieved using back propagation functions post-processing.
Image reversal reactive immersion lithography improves the detection limit of focal molography: erratum
Authors: Frutiger Andreas , Tschannen Cla Duri , Blickenstorfer Yves , Reichmuth Andreas M. , Fatttinger Christof , Vörös Janos
Published: February 2020

Some minor issues were discovered after publication of Opt Lett.
43, 5801 (2018) and are corrected here. They do not
change the main message of the paper.
From local space to global spectacle: World Heritage and space utilization in Calle Crisologo, Vigan City, Philippines
Authors: Tabunan Mark Louie
Published: February 2020

World Heritage, a project of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) that aims to protect and preserve tangible and intangible inheritances of mankind, enables the construction of 'distributed, "polycentric" networked economy of cultural production and exchange'. This article focuses on Calle Crisologo in northern Philippines, analysing the ways in which it has been creatively produced as World Heritage Site from postcolonial Vigan's built space. Building on Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, field, and capital and reading ordinances and an architect's plans, I argue that the World Heritage project reconfigures the once local space into a global spectacle. While World Heritage is a western construct and a result of the experience of late modernity, how it is manifested in Calle Crisologo also shows how vernacular modernity developed in Vigan as a colonial city. With the syncretic mixing of cultures in everyday Calle Crisologo as a resource, western modernity, supposed to be unitary and linear in its aims of progress and development, gets deflected.
Chinatown Invisible: Hybrid-mapping and making-do
Authors: Chan Liska
Published: February 2020

This article is a proposal to address visual mapping as a means to reveal the interrelationships between a place represented, a place lived and a place perceived. A form of critical cartography called hybrid-mapping is used to interrogate the combined sociocultural and biophysical legacies of the continually changing landscape. This approach expressly facilitates a focused interpretation of the everyday lives of urban dwellers and the nuanced connections between landscape, history and culture. Offering to a larger conversation about landscape representation, this article introduces, situates and analyses the application of hybrid-mapping in a creative research project entitled Chinatown Invisible about Manhattan's Chinatown. The Chinatown Invisible project uses hybrid-mapping to interrogate the quotidian practice of 'making-do' to adapt existing urban structures to fulfil everyday needs. Capturing and understanding making-do is vital because it sheds light on the ways in which residents informally claim space and how they shape the ongoing physical evolution of their neighbourhood, establishing their 'right to the city'. Chinatown Invisible shows how hybrid-mapping unveils the dynamics between culture and landscape in an urban setting, bridging critical geography and landscape representation to examine multiple ways in which we can interact with the processes of real, imagined and perceived space.
The heritagization of post-industrial re-development and social inclusion in Amsterdam
Authors: van de Kamp Linda
Published: February 2020

The histories of former industrial urban areas offer a contested and ambiguous framework for urban redevelopment. Whilst the newly emerged creative industries are framed in continuity with an industrial past, cultural heritage is being mobilized by different actors to authenticate or to contest the redevelopment of working-class neighbourhoods. This article explores the ongoing transformation of post-industrial Amsterdam North, an area that has become subject to active urban redevelopment since the 2000s. Based on ethnographic material, this study examines how 'heritage as development' – based on cosmopolitan ideals of social inclusion – reinforces a process of heritagization grounded on cultural rights that involves working-class memories of solidarity and dissent. I argue that the Amsterdam case complicates dualist interpretations of gentrification and heritagization as processes of categorizing individuals as 'winners' and 'losers'. Heritage practices tend to reinforce cultural differences that produce feelings of exclusion rather than inclusion, but also offer pathways for emancipation and a re-appropriation of local heritage for long-term working-class residents.
'That once romantic now utterly disheartening (former) colliery town': The affective politics of heritage, memory, place and regeneration in Mansfield, UK
Authors: Emery Jay
Published: February 2020

This article investigates the affective politics of heritage, memory, place and regeneration in Mansfield, UK. Ravaged by workplace closures from the 1980s, Mansfield's local government and cultural partners have supposedly put heritage at the centre of urban regeneration policies. Principal are ambiguous, and forestalled, ambitions to mobilize the industrial past to build urban futures. Yet these heritages, and their attendant memories and histories, are emotionally evocative and highly contested. The affective politics are played out in the material, embodied and atmospheric remains of the industrial past as Mansfield struggles to make sense of its industrial legacies. Drawing on Critical Discourse Analysis, archival research, observant participation and interview data, this article critiques heritage-based regeneration; examines interrelations between local memory, class, place and history; and interprets tensions between competing imaginaries of what Mansfield is, was and should be. Contributing to work on memory and class in post-industrial towns, the article demonstrates that affect and place should be central to our considerations of heritage-based urban regeneration. In the case of Mansfield, an 'emotional regeneration' will be denied until a shared practice of remembering the affective ruptures of the past is enabled.
Rust Belt Chic: Deindustrialization, place and urban authenticity
Authors: Rhodes James
Published: February 2020

In the context of deindustrialization and urban decline, America's industrial heartland came to be re-imagined as the 'Rust Belt'. Synonymous with outmoded and decrepit landscapes, identities and practices, the term has operated as a form of stigma, as places such as Detroit, Cleveland and Pittsburgh became symbols of industrial, institutional and individual failure. However, in the contemporary period 'Rust Belt' is increasingly accompanied by an apparently incongruous term: 'chic'. Focusing on the narratives and essays of a younger, educated and predominantly white demographic, the article explores discourses of 'Rust Belt Chic', examining the social, cultural and political significance of this emergent phenomena thinking through the ways in which it constructs the past, present and future of deindustrialized landscapes. It is argued that within these narratives the region is valued for its liminality, for its proximities to the industrial past and a sense of history and tradition, along with its distance from what is seen as the failures of the post-industrial city. The article considers this reappraisal of the region and its material and symbolic significance in the context of deindustrialization and urban regeneration, examining how claims about the region are used to articulate a particular form of urban 'authenticity'.
Tracing working-class cultural historical heritage through one building's story: 'La Grande Brasserie du Levant'
Authors: Kfoury Mira
Published: February 2020

This research looks at an abandoned beer brewery that is set for a new real-estate-led redevelopment project in Beirut between past, present and future. While the building proudly represented a moment of Lebanese modernity and identity formed around industry, it also speaks of the eventual failure of the promise of modernity associated with Lebanon's first republic. The building's story is also closely woven with Mar Mikhail and the history and geography of drinking-culture and leisure-spaces in Beirut. In one sense, Mar Mikhail represents, through its recent street-based, informal re-claiming of public-space, lower prices, minimal overhaul of built infrastructure and attachment to an 'authentic' traditional working-class neighbourhood, a resistance to exclusive urban spaces of neo-liberal consumption. The enquiry highlights neo-liberal capital's tendency to exploit vulnerabilities – for example, that of urban and architectural decay, wherein the re-discovery of 'heritage' makes it appear as revolutionary but in reality it is further incorporation into the capitalist system. The research also reveals the nexus of these shifts with gentrification and social, economic and cultural stratifications of the city. I, thus, analyse the new architectural vision for the brewery site and how it re-inscribes capitalism's hegemony over architecture in advancing gentrification processes in cities: commodification of heritage blatantly visible in architectural terms.
Wantok and Lain – a look at two Melanesian cultural concepts in two Tok Pisin texts
Authors: Kornacki Paweł
Published: February 2020

This article looks at salient interpersonal uses and meanings of two prominent Tok Pisin social relations nouns – wantok ('friend', 'same language speaker') and lain ('group', 'family', 'clan') – which it is proposed exemplify key cultural Melanesian concepts in some anthropological literature of the area. Whereas certain aspects of language use in Tok Pisin were identified as potentially divisive and socially harmful, some scholars endeavoured to identify a group of concepts indicative of culturally specific Melanesian values. For example, the words wantok and lain were claimed to jointly represent 'the value of the clan' across Melanesian societies, while embodying and supporting a distinct world-view of the Melanesian peoples. This article studies two Tok Pisin texts which focus on the cultural significance of concepts of wantok and lain in their rural/traditional environment. While the first text offers a native speaker's insight into the social significance of the cultural expression wantok sistem ('system favouring friends'), the other one details the roles of lain in the passage of a bride-price ceremony. Given that both texts presuppose the cultural background of rural Tok Pisin, a brief look at some characteristic usage of the two words in electronic media suggests that certain aspects of traditional uses and meanings of these words may be extended and employed to conceptualize new social and political phenomena.
Japanese ethnographies of the Pacific: Language, politics and perspective
Authors: Maggio Rodolfo
Published: February 2020

An increasing number of Japanese ethnographers have conducted fieldwork research in Pacific Islands in the last few decades, which has resulted in a growing corpus of ethnographic literature. This is partly related to the historical role that Japan has played in the Pacific and partly to its geographical proximity to the area. While this geo-historical advantage combines with the availability of ethnographic works produced by non-Japanese scholars, the latter remain largely unable to access anthropological literature only available in Japanese. This not only limits the international circulation of ethnographies produced by Japanese anthropologists of the Pacific, but also the possibility of engaging with a larger body of anthropological traditions and, thus, with the overall project of 'World Anthropologies'. This article discusses the reasons why Japanese ethnographies of the Pacific provide not only a technical advantage for non-Japanese scholars of Pacific Islands but also a qualitative difference in terms of anthropological perspectives. In particular, it examines the differential impact of different colonial and postcolonial debates on Japanese and anglophone anthropology in relation to ethnographies of urban Melanesia.
A critical view of female aggression and the implications of gender, culture and a changing society: A Cook Islands perspective
Authors: Page Angela , Te Ava Aue
Published: February 2020

The form and function of female aggression have been for many years an important social issue that demands investigation. Many studies of female aggression have focused on the perpetration and victimization of girls and young women from western countries. As a result, existing theoretical models and empirical foundations of girls' aggression are based on these defining constructs. The purpose of this article is twofold. The present study of adolescent females in the Cook Islands seeks to understand the role that perpetrators play in the type and the target of aggressive behaviour. It also examines the qualitative findings of girls' aggressive behaviour by boys, girls and their teachers and its gendered relationship inside the Cook Islands environment. The outcomes inspect the cultural context of girls in the Cook Islands that make their understanding and experiences of physical aggression and relational aggression unique and highlight the difficulties of young women positioned themselves between Cook Islands traditional values and asserting their contemporary Cook Islands' identity. The discussion highlights that aggression by girls in the Cook Islands is derived from a particular past and present that can in turn shape understandings of addressing aggression in the future.
The silence of the huia: Bird extinction and the archive
Authors: Boyle Cameron
Published: February 2020

In this article, I argue that art can enable a critique of museological conventions, along with related ideas of natural history and extinction, which together have structured practices of preserving and representing departed species as scientific specimens. I draw on the case of the huia specifically, a bird species endemic to New Zealand, which became extinct in the early twentieth century, as a result of multiple ecological, cultural, political and economic forces stemming from colonization. I suggest the preservation of individual huia birds in the form of scientific specimens demonstrates how Victorian aesthetics and ideas about the natural world shaped the modality through which non-human life was, and to some extent still is, recorded and portrayed according to particular archival norms. Utilizing concepts from recent scholarship in the field of extinction studies, I critically consider how the works of two artists which feature the huia, challenge the traditions of the museum and the archive. First, I examine how Fiona Pardington's photography of huia specimens frames the species as a life form that became extinct in a context scarred by the complex and violent entanglement of people and nature. Second, I show how a work of sound art by Sally Ann McIntyre, which is centred on the inaudible recordings of huia specimens played on Kapiti Island, the bird's original habitat, highlights that extinction results in the loss of multispecies relationality.
Evaluating When and Why Patients Discontinue Chronic Therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation and Chronic Idiopathic Constipation
Authors: Shah Eric D. , Suresh Suraj , Jou Jessica , Chey William D. , Stidham Ryan W.
Published: February 2020

INTRODUCTION:

To inform the patient-centered discussion regarding comparative outcomes with irritable bowel syndrome/chronic idiopathic constipation pharmacotherapy, we evaluated reasons and timing of discontinuation of FDA-approved pharmacotherapy for irritable bowel syndrome and chronic idiopathic constipation in a large observational real-world cohort.

METHODS:

We identified patients initiating lubiprostone or linaclotide within the University of Michigan Electronic Medical Record (2012–2016). Medication start and stop dates were determined in manual chart review including detailed review of all documentation including office notes and telephone encounters. A Cox model was constructed to predict the hazard of discontinuation.

RESULTS:

On multivariate analysis of 1,612 patients, linaclotide users had a lower risk of discontinuing therapy than lubiprostone users for any reason (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5–0.8). At 3 and 12 months, the overall discontinuation rates were 23% and 43% for lubiprostone compared with 14% and 24% for linaclotide. Over the first year of therapy, more than half of discontinuations due to intolerance occurred in the first 3 months for both drugs. Linaclotide users were more likely to discontinue due to intolerance (HR = 1.6 [95% CI, 1.2–2.3]) but less likely to discontinue due to insufficient efficacy of therapy (HR = 0.5 [95% CI, 0.4–0.8]). IBS diagnosis increased the hazard of discontinuation of lubiprostone relative to linactolide (HR = 1.4, 95% CI, 1.1–1.6). Loss of prescription drug coverage remained a common reason for discontinuation over the first year of therapy.

DISCUSSION:

Individuals appear more likely to discontinue lubiprostone than linaclotide overall, but more likely to discontinue linaclotide compared with lubiprostone due to intolerance (mostly diarrhea). Most discontinuations due to intolerance occur in the first 3 months. These results may be useful in individualized treatment selection and enhancing patient knowledge regarding long-term outcomes.
How to align organizational culture with corporate goals: a study on a large-sized Brazilian engineering company
Authors: Seixas Maria Augusta de Castro , Andrade Emmanuel Paiva de , Cândido João Carlos , Pizzol Rosa Amélia
Published: February 2020

Goal: What a company produces and how it does is permeated by belief, thought and shared feelings in the employees. The goal of this study is to construct an explanation on how this phenomenon manifests itself in an engineering company.

Design / Methodology / Approach:  The qualitative approach was adequate to understand how elements of individual narratives were related to the company culture. The analytical procedures were based on the systematics of Grounded Theory. Texts written in 2016 by the employees about their work for applying for a knowledge management program within their company were the source of this corpus.

Results: The interpretation of the data has shown that four aspects form sets of filters that construct the culture, in a non-homogeneous learning process. In the intersection of these sets we can find essential values that motivate the employees of different positions, activities, regions, genders and ages.

Limitations of the investigation: The knowledge management program asked for overcoming stories which is a limiting factor since employees have chosen successful stories from their work to tell.

Practical implications: The findings allow us to infer that changing or reinforcing the current values implies the promotion of action that permeates these filters and are simultaneously not in the purview of the company’s management.

Originality / Value: The study also pointed out the pertinence of the use of storytelling for knowing the actors’ interpretation about the values of the organization.
Deteksi dan Identifikasi Nematoda Puru Akar (Meloidogyne spp.) pada Tanaman Bit Menggunakan Metode DNA Barcoding
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Wayan Kartika , Amrulloh Rosyid , Auly Fawwaz El , Kurniawati Fitrianingrum
Published: February 2020

Identifikasi nematoda berdasarkan karakter morfologi memerluan ketelitian tinggi dan perlu didukung hasil identifikasi secara molekuler. Salah satu metode identifikasi molekuler ialah dengan DNA barcode. DNA barcode merupakan identifikasi molekuler dengan menggunakan gen cytochrome oksidase sub unit 1 (CO1). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi NPA yang berasosiasi pada tanaman bit berdasarkan PCR dan perunutan nukleotida gen CO1 Meloidogyne. Sampel umbi bit diperoleh dari lahan pertanian yang terletak di Kecamatan Cipanas, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Identifikasi morfologi dengan mengamati pola perineal NPA betina.  Identifikasi molekuler meliputi ekstraksi, amplifikasi, visualisasi DNA, analisis peruntutan nukleotida dan filogenetika. Hasil pengamatan pola perineal secara morfologi didapatkan spesies M. incognita dan M. arenaria. Amplifikasi DNA yang dilakukan menggunakan primer spesifik CO1SIF (5’-GCCTGCATTTGGTTAG-‘3) dan CO1SIR (5’-TCAAACCAGTCCT-‘3), CO1SAF (5’-GGGTACTGGATGAACATTA-‘3) dan CO1SAR (5’-ACTTCAGGATGACCAAA-‘3)berhasil mendapatkan pita DNA berukuran ± 360 untuk M. arenaria dan ± 326 untuk M. incognita. Hasil sekuensing menunjukkan bahwa isolat M. incognita asal Indonesia berkerabat dekat dengan isolat M. incognita asal Cina, Amerika Serikat, Vietnam, dan Inggris dengan tingkat homologi 100%. Hasil analisis filogenetika menunjukkan bahwa M. incognita Indonesia masih satu kelompok dengan M. incognita asal Cina, Amerika Serikat, Vietnam dan Inggris. Adapun isolat M. arenaria berkerabat dekat dengan isolat M. arenaria asal Argentina dan Amerika Serikat dengan tingkat homologi 100%.  Hasil analisis filogenetika menunjukkan bahwa M. arenaria asal Indonesia masih satu kelompok dengan M. arenaria asal Argentina dan Amerika Serikat.
Bakteri Agens Hayati Potensial terhadap Patogen Penting pada Padi
Authors: Dewi Ratna Sari , Giyanto Giyanto , Sinaga Meity Suradji , Dadang Dadang , Nuryanto Bambang
Published: February 2020

Saat ini teknologi pengendalian hayati penyakit utama padi terus berkembang. Dalam pengembangan teknologi pengendalian hayati, mekanisme penghambatan patogen dalam perkembangan penyakit pada suatu populasi tumbuhan dalam area tertentu menjadi hal yang penting. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan bakteri agens hayati potensial dalam pengendalian penyakit penting padi di antaranya yang disebabkan Pyricularia oryzae, Xanthomnas oryzae pv. oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, Burkholderia glumae, dan Drechlera oryzae, berdasarkan mekanisme antagonisme, kemampuan menginduksi ketahanan dan mendukung kebugaran tanaman, serta kompatibilitas antaragens hayati. Ralstonia pickettii TT47, Pseudomonas fluorescens P12, Chromobacterium sp. T51118, Bacillus subtilis 451 dan 154, serta Streptomyces sp. T51105 dibuktikan memiliki mekanisme antibiosis dengan menghasilkan metabolit sekunder dan senyawa volatil. Berdasarkan uji produksi enzim kitinolitik Chromobacterium sp. dan Streptomyces sp. memiliki mekanisme lisis. Aktivitas antibiotik R. pickettii dan P. fluorescens tergolong kuat terhadap P. oryzae dengan penekanan secara berurutan sebesar 79.68% dan 77.59% pada uji biakan ganda. Penekanan pertumbuhan miselium P. oryzae dan R. solani pada uji volatil mencapai 100% oleh Chromobacterium sp. Semua agens hayati umumnya mampu menginduksi ketahanan dan mendukung kebugaran tanaman. Uji kompatibilitas menunjukan R. pickettii, P. fluorescens, dan Chromobacterium sp. bersifat kompatibel. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh tiga bakteri agens hayati dengan kategori unggul, yaitu P. fluorescens P12, R. pickettii TT47, dan Chromobacterium sp. T51118. Ketiganya mampu menekan pertumbuhan patogen, menginduksi ketahanan dan mendukung kebugaran tanaman, memiliki patogen sasaran yang lebih beragam, serta bersifat kompatibel.
Incidence of Bacterial Grain Rot Disease, Identification, and Diversity of Burkolderia glumae in Some Rice Varieties in West Java
Authors: Widarti Ani , Giyanto Giyanto , Mutaqin Kikin Hamzah
Published: February 2020

Penyakit busuk bulir padi oleh bakteri Burkholderia glumae perlu diwaspadai termasuk di Jawa Barat sebagai salah satu sentra produksi padi nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan insidensi penyakit, identitas dan keragaman bakteri B. glumae pada beberapa varietas padi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pengamatan insidensi penyakit dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 9 kabupaten. Bakteri diisolasi dari bulir padi yang bergejala busuk bulir kemudian dilakukan uji biokimia dan fisiologi yang meliputi uji Gram serta uji pertumbuhan pada pH 4.8, dan NaCl 2%. Variasi fenotipik diamati dari warna koloni pada medium S-PG, produksi toksofalvin, respons hipersensitivitas pada daun tembakau, dan uji patogenisitas pada tanaman padi. Primer spesifik JLBgF/JLBgR dan primer universal 16S rRNA, yaitu 27F/1492R digunakan untuk menentukan identitas bakteri secara molekuler. Insidensi penyakit di lapangan berkisar antara 0–73.3%, tertinggi di Kecamatan Dawuan (Karawang) pada var. Mekongga. Berdasarkan uji biokimia dan fisiologi diperoleh 29 isolat terkonfirmasi sebagai B. glumae. Hasil pengamatan fenotipik menunjukkan 10 isolat tergolong koloni tipe A, 19 isolat tipe B; 25 isolat menghasilkan toksoflavin; 29 isolat menimbulkan respons hipersensitivitas pada daun tembakau dan gejala hawar pada tanaman padi. Identifikasi menggunakan primer spesifik dan universal membuktikan 29 isolat adalah B. glumae. Analisis keragaman genotip menunjukkan bahwa isolat KRCH-2 (Karawang) dan INCH-6 (Indramayu) memiliki hubungan kekerabatan yang dekat dengan B. glumae asal Cina dan Amerika
Efek konsumsi yogurt terhadap glukosa darah puasa pada penyandang diabetes melitus tipe 2
Authors: Nuriannisa Farah , Kertia Nyoman , Lestari Lily Arsanti
Published: February 2020

Background: Generally, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) have dysbiosis condition. Dysbiosis can increase oxidative stress that leads to hyperglycemia. Previous researches showed that yogurt consumption can reduce blood glucose in T2D, so it can be used as an alternative healthy snack for T2D patients.Objectives: To investigate the effects of probiotic and conventional yogurt with dosage 100ml/day on fasting blood glucose (FBG) in T2D patientsMethods: Randomized controlled trial, double blind with pre-post group design. The 30 T2D patients from 3 publics health centre in Yogyakarta, were assigned to two groups. Each group, either control or intervention group, received 100 ml/d of yogurt for 4 weeks. FBG samples was assessed before and after intervention periodResults: FBG significantly decreased in both group, which was -27 mg/dL in control group (p<0.05) and -19 mg/dL in intervention group (p<0.05). No significant difference in FBG change between intervention and control group, but control group has greater reduction in FBG compared to intervention group. Conclusion: Conventional yogurt has no significant difference effect in FBG change compared to probiotic yogurt.
Korelasi kadar hepcidin dan asupan makanan dengan serum transferrin reseptor dan hemoglobin pada remaja stunted overweight
Authors: Mani La , Fatimah-Muis Siti , Kartini Apoina
Published: February 2020

Background: Stunted overweight is associated with mild chronic inflammation. The state of inflammation will increase the expression of hepcidin, which affects the iron status of the body, besides the intake of protein, iron, and vitamin C.Objective: To analyze the correlation of hepcidin levels and food intake (protein, iron, vitamin C) with serum transferrin receptors (sTfR) and hemoglobin in stunted overweight adolescents.Method: The design of research was cross-sectional. The subjects were 64 adolescents stunted overweight aged 15-18 years in four high/vocational schools in the Banyumanik District, Semarang City. Measurement the level of hepcidin and sTfR was using the ELISA method and haemoglobin was using Cyanomethemoglobin method. Data on protein, iron, vitamin C intake was using the SQ-FFQ method. Bivariate analysis was using Pearson and Spearman correlation test then followed by multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The result showed that 89.1% subjects had adequate intake of protein, 54.7% subjects had low intake of vitamin C, 76.6% subjects had low intake of iron. Hepcidin levels in all subjects were 100% normal. There were 7.8% subjects with a low sTfR and 7.8% with a low haemoglobin level. Statistic test showed there was correlation between hepcidin with haemoglobin and sTfR (p1 = 0,010 r1 = -0,319, p2 = 0,001, r2 = 0,569). From food intake, only intake iron was correlated with haemoglobin but not with sTfR. There was significant difference between the mean of haemoglobin and sTfR among girls and boys. Further analysis, showed that only hepcidin was a weak negative determinant for sTfR (R2 = 0,120). The determinant factors for haemoglobin were gender (p=0,001) and hepcidin (p =0,004) with the value of R2 = 0,577.Conclusion: Hepcidin correlated with sTfR and haemoglobin while iron intake only correlated with hemoglobin.
KAYNAK PLANLAMA YAZILIMLARININ KAMU SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ YERİ
Authors: YOZGAT Uğur
Published: February 2020

The Information output of computers is used by managers, nonmanagers, and persons and organisation within the firm’s environment. Managers perform functions and play roles, and need skills in communication and problem solving in order to be successful. Public management must also seek to increase the effectiveness tike private one. Therefore they have to reconstruct their administrative information systems, and to manage all organisation ’s resources in an iııdividual resource management system. In this paper, the modernisation of public sector, the aspects of it on the management information systems, the need for resource management systems is explained, and as an example R/3 is given.
1990’LI YILLARDA A.B.D. VE AVRUPA ÜNİVERSİTELERİNDEKİ ULUSLARARASI İŞLETME EĞİTİMLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: KWOK Chuck C. Y. , ARPAN Jeffrey S.
Published: February 2020

Bu makale, 1990’lı yıllara kadar A.B.D. ve Avrupa’da uluslararası işletme eğitimi için statülerin, eğilimlerin karşılaştırmalı incelenmesini kapsamaktadır.
Araştırmanın bulguları A.B.D. ve Avrupa’da uluslararası olmak için değişik amaçları ve yöntemleri, uluslararası bağlantıları ve deneysel faaliyetleri, örgütse! konuları, uluslararası alandaki ilerlemeleri ve elde ettiği ilerleme He yönetse! tatmine sahip olan yaklaşık 400 işletme okulundan alınan cevaplara dayanmaktadır.
L'EVOLUTION HISTORIQUE ET L'IMPORTANCE DE L'ECRITURE DANS ÜNE LANGUE DE CULTURE
Authors: AYDOĞDU Şahali
Published: February 2020

Burada yazar bize, insanlık tarihinde doğal ve geleneksel bir iletişim aracı olan sözlü dil kültüründen yazdı dil kültürüne geçişin neden pek kolay olmadığını göstermeye; günümüzde bile, pek az dilin yazılı şekli olduğu gerçeğinden hareketle,yazı, yazı dili ,ve yazılı kültür dilinin,bir toplumun uygarlık düzeyinin göstergesi olduğunu belirterek, yazının önemi ve tarihsel gelişimi ile çeşitli yazı tiplerini, Yazı-dil- Kütür ilişkileri çerçevesinde sunmaya çalışıyor.
ANAHTARLAMA DEVRİMİ
Authors: KALAYCI Turgay , ÖZMEN İsmail
Published: February 2020

Networking Communications have passetl through three major eras and is now entering its fourth. Each of these periods was driven by a new generation of computing hardware and applications, and each dramatically expanded the uses of computing. IVe are now at the beginning of the next era: that of switched, dedicated, high-speed networking. On this paper, three evolutions are introduced in short, and the concepts of the evolution that we are in are tried to be examined with its general lines, ATM switching, Virtual LANs and routing which are known as the basic elements of the switching revolution are investigated.
TÜRKİYE’DE SOSYAL GÜVENLİK SİSTEMİ SORUNLARI VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: GÖV Abdulkerim
Published: February 2020

It is a primary duty of a State to provide its people mth a honorable Standard of living within the frametvork of freedom. The main element in the protect of freedom and human honour is SOCIAL SECURITY This is because the social security save those of the people who contribute to the society by their labour, from submitting to the others. fVithin the understanding of a welfare State, the human value always ranks on thefirst piace. Therefore, it is the duty of the State to take eveıy Citizen under the cover of Social Security System. By this, the health and future of our people will be under guarantee on the oııe lıunıl, it will also contribute to a fair disiribution of National Income on the other in the event that we make an assessment view of our country, it will appear that the preseni level of social security is not satisfactory and does not match the basic human honours. However, it is also possible to point out the economic instability for as a reason as well. The Social Security reform program will be brought in force within a contemporary structure mithout much delay.
Effects of a Futsal Game on Metabolic, Hormonal, and Muscle Damage Indicators of Male Futsal Players
Authors: Bekris Evangelos , Gioldasis Aristotelis , Gissis Ioannis , Katis Athanasios , Mitrousis Ioannis , Mylonis Eleftherios
Published: February 2020

Bekris, E, Gioldasis, A, Gissis, I, Katis, A, Mitrousis, I, and Mylonis, E. Effects of a futsal game on metabolic, hormonal and muscle damage indicators of male futsal players. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 545–550, 2022—The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a futsal game on several metabolic, hormonal, and muscle damage indicators. Twenty-one male top-level futsal players participated in the study. Players were divided into 2 groups according to playing time: the long playing time (LPT) group and the short playing time (SPT) group. Game intensity parameters such as percentage of the HRmax and blood lactate concentration, as well as metabolic, hormonal, and muscle damage indicators were examined before and after a futsal game. The results showed that during the game, the intensity was up to 93% of HRmax and lactate concentrations ranged from 5.8 to 21.8 mmol·L−1. The LPT group showed an increased lactate dehydrogenase level compared with the SPT group (p < 0.05). Similarly, creatine kinase was significantly increased in the LPT group (p < 0.05) after the game. By contrast, nonsignificant differences were observed between groups for alanine transaminase (ALT-SGPT), aspartate transaminase (AST-SGOT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase enzymes (p > 0.05). The testosterone/cortisol ratio (T/C) reduced for both groups after the game (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicated that a futsal game have a significantly effect on several hormonal, metabolic, and muscle damage indicators for players who participate for a longer playing time in the game. Therefore, the evaluation of these volumes could assist coaches to organize specific, effective, and individualized training programs.
Electromyography Comparison of Sex Differences During the Back Squat
Authors: Mehls Kelton , Grubbs Brandon , Jin Ying , Coons John
Published: February 2020

Mehls, K, Grubbs, B, Jin, Y, and Coons, J. Electromyography comparison of sex differences during the back squat. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 310–313, 2022—Currently, there is limited information regarding the muscle activity differences between men and women during the traditional back squat. The back squat is a widely used exercise which stimulates lower-body musculature; thus, information regarding the muscle activity patterns during this exercise is pertinent when prescribing resistance training. This study evaluated muscle activity differences (using surface electromyography) in men and women during the traditional back squat with a load prescribed to elicit strength gains. Resistance-trained men (n = 14) and women (n = 14) performed 3 sets of 4 repetitions in the traditional back squat using 85% of their pretest 1 repetition maximum. Muscle activity data were collected for 6 muscles including the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris (BF). Independent sample t tests revealed a significantly higher normalized muscle activity in men in the BF muscle during the descending phase of the back squat. No other muscle activity differences were present between men and women. These results indicate that men activate the BF muscle during the traditional back squat to a greater extent than women. For women, it may be necessary to consider other exercises to optimally stimulate and strengthen the BF muscle during resistance training.
Hamstring Strain Injuries: Incidence, Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Training Recommendations
Authors: Wing Chris , Bishop Chris
Published: February 2020

Hamstring strain injury (HSI) is one of the most commonly reported sports injuries. This has led to a substantial amount of research aimed at identifying factors that increase the risk of an athlete suffering a HSI. The identification of risk factors allows practitioners to plan intervention programs with the aim of reducing the rate and severity of HSI. As a multitude of factors contribute to the risk of HSI, interventions should be multifaceted in nature. This review outlines the incidence, mechanisms, and risk factors for HSI and provides evidence-based training recommendations to reduce the rate and severity of HSI.