bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The ovulatory response to human chorionic gonadotropin administration on day 4 post timed artificial insemination improved fertility in repeat breeder cows
Authors: Yilmazbas-Mecitoglu Gulnaz , Gumen Ahmet , Karakaya-Bilen Ebru , Keskin Abdulkadir , Guner Baris , Cakircali Rabia
Published: April 2021

This study focused on determining the success of inducing endogenous progesterone source (by formation of accessory corpus luteum) by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration on day 4 post timed artificial insemination (TAI) and on evaluating the effect of the day of hCG administration (day 4 or 5 post TAI) on pregnancy rates in repeat breeder cows according to their responses to hCG administrations. Non-pregnant cyclic lactating Holstein dairy cows with more than three services despite no clinical reproductive abnormalities were enrolled in the study. All cows (n = 192) received the Ovsynch protocol (GnRH-7d-PGF2α-56h-GnRH-16/18h-TAI) and hCG administration (1500 IU, i.m.) was performed in group hCG4 (n = 64) on day 4 and in group hCG5 (n = 68) on day 5 post TAI. The control group (CON, n = 60) did not receive any hCG treatment. The responses (ovulation rate) to hCG (~64%) were similar on days 4 and 5 post TAI. Pregnancy per AI (P/AI) at 31 days was similar among the groups (48.3% in CON, 48.4% in hCG4, and 42.6% in hCG5). Regardless of the day of the treatment (hCG4 + hCG5), the cows had an ovulatory response to hCG (54.1%), and a greater P/AI (P = 0.007) at 31 days than those without a response (29.8%). The administration of hCG on either day 4 or 5 post TAI did not increase overall pregnancy rates, however, the ovulatory response to the post TAI hCG administration on day 4 improved fertility in repeat breeder cows. Further studies are needed with a larger number of animals to reveal this potentiallly beneficial effect.
Methods of feeding colostrum and their effect on the passive immunity
Authors: Poborská Anna , Zábranský Luboš , Šoch Miloslav , Havrdová Nikola , Illek Josef , Kernerová Naděžda
Published: April 2021

Passive transport of colostral immunoglobulins is essential for calves to maintain optimal health. There are many factors that influence the absorption of immunoglobulins such as colostrum density, timing of ingestion, volume of colostrum but also the method of feeding. This study compares two manners of feeding calves – the esophageal tube feeder (n = 97) and the nipple bottle (n = 97), and their effect on the number of all absorbed immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE). It was statistically proven that absorption of immunoglobulins is better with the nipple bottle (P< 0.0001). The feeding of calves through a nipple bottle is more beneficial because the content of total protein is the higher than by the feeding through an esophageal tube feeder.
Milk fatty acid profile in cows as influenced by diet supplementation with rapeseed pomace and extruded full-fat soya in different feeding periods
Authors: Musayeva Kristina , Sederevičius Antanas , Monkevičienė Ingrida , Žymantienė Judita , Oberauskas Vaidas , Kerzienė Sigita , Baltušnikienė Aldona , Černauskienė Janina , Želvytė Rasa
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of rapeseed pomace and extruded full-fat soya in the diets of dairy cows on changes in the milk fatty acid (FA) profile. The experiment was carried out on 30 dairy cows and divided into two periods: the indoor feeding period and the grazing period. Control diet cows were fed the farm’s total mixed ration (TMR); cows of experimental group 1 (ES) cows were fed the farm’s TMR supplemented with extruded full-fat soya; cows of experimental group 2 (RP) were fed the farm’s TMR supplemented with rapeseed pomace. The total content of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) tended to be lower in the RP and ES groups than in the control group during both feeding periods. Our results suggest that supplementing diets with rapeseed and soybean products are both effective in improving the fatty acid proportion of desirable (hypocholesterolaemic) FAs, mainly oleic acid (18:1n-9), linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLAcis9trans11). The study showed that during the indoor feeding period, the unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) contents were significantly higher in the ES group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The nutritional value of milk from the feeding groups in which rations were supplemented with ES or RP was better due to a quartile reduction of the atherogenicity index (AI) and the significantly increased spreadability index (SI) of the butter manufactured during the indoor feeding period (P < 0.01).
Sudden death associated with bleeding into digestive system of finishing pigs – a review
Authors: Novotný Jaroslav , Reichel Peter , Kyzeková Petronela , Mandelík René
Published: April 2021

Sudden deaths of finishing pigs in modern pig herds cause economic losses and therefore draw constant attention worldwide. In the case of peracute mortality associated with gastrointestinal bleeding, pigs usually die during a short period without clinical manifestations. Necropsy can detect bleeding into various parts of the digestive system. Determining the exact aetiology of the sudden death can be difficult in many cases. Diseases and conditions such as gastric ulcers, abdominal torsion, haemorrhagic bowel syndrome and infectious diseases should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis. Because some of these diseases still have an unclear aetiology and pathogenesis, the aim of our work was to provide a summary of existing knowledge as well as to describe related pathognomonic pathological changes.
Factors influencing the infiltration of eosinophils into the mare’s endometrium
Authors: Kozdrowski Roland , Nowak Marcin , Omyła Kornelia
Published: April 2021

Factors and consequences related to infiltration of the endometrium by eosinophils in the mare are not fully understood. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of eosinophilic infiltration into the endometrium in chronically infertile mares and to determine factors conducive to this type of changes. A total of 117 samples of endometrium were collected from infertile mares, 15 samples of endometrium were collected from maiden mares, and all were evaluated histologically. Eosinophilic infiltration of the endometrium was found in 59 mares; in 10 mares, eosinophiles were the predominant cells that had infiltrated the endometrium. The probability of eosinophilic infiltration of the endometrium increases with the age of the mare and with a higher score of endometrial degeneration. The simultaneous infiltration of the endometrium by polymorphonuclear cells and mononuclear cells, in mares being in oestrus, and in mares having fluid in the uterus, also increased the probability. In the group of young mares, eosinophilic infiltration of the endometrium was not detected. Eosinophilic infiltration of the endometrium increases in chronically infertile mares with age and with the presence of other abnormalities observed in the endometrium. We suspect that presence of eosinophils in endometrial tissue together with other abnormalities can be considered as reducing factor for future fertility, however, this hypothesis should be evaluated critically.
Authors: Cipta Samudra Eka
Published: April 2021

This riset examines how changes in the pattern of education management in pesantren that previously applied the traditional education system (salafiyah) together with government policies through the Ministry of Religion in the 1980s changed the pattern of education towards modern (khalafi). Changes in the pattern of pesantren education have the essence to answer the needs of the surrounding community, especially the social field of religious education. This research was appointed as the writing of the researcher's final task in studying the development of educational patterns that include several aspects, especially the curriculum applied at the At-Taqwa Islamic Boarding School in Bekasi.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Menggunakan Model Think Pair Share Siswa Kelas X Tata Boga Smk Negeri 3 Blitar
Authors: Islamiyati Syayidati
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan pembelajaran model Kooperatif Think Pair Share yang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar materi gaya, usaha, dan energi pada siswa kelas X Tata Boga 1 SMK Negeri 3 Blitar Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilaksananakan dalam 2 siklus dengan tahapan (a) perencanaan (b) pelaksanaan (c) observasi dan (d) refleksi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi, dokumentasi, catatan lapangan, dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan metode Think Pair Share (TPS) diawali dengan (1) Eksplorasi, yaitu guru menggali pengatahuan awal siswa yang berkaitan dengan materi, (2) Eksplanasi, yaitu guru membagi menjadi tiga tahap pembelajaran yaitu tahap berpikir atau Think, tahap berpasangan atau Pair dan tahap berbagi atau Share, (3) Ekspansi, yaitu guru memberikan tugas pada siswa yang sesuai dengan kehidupan sehari-hari dan terakhir (4) evaluasi, yaitu guru melakukan tes. Ada peningkatan hasil belajar materi gaya, usaha, dan energi setelah dilakukan tindakan pembelajaran dengan model Think Pair Share (TPS), dimana pada siklus I tingkat ketuntasan belajar hanya mencapai 55,88% dan pada siklus II menjadi 91,18%. Disamping itu aktivitas guru dan siswa juga mengalami peningkatan dimana sebelumnya berkategori baik menjadi sangat baik. Begitu juga ketrampilan kooperatif dengan Think Pair Share (TPS), dari baik menjadi sangat baik.
Penerapan Pendekatan Pakem melalui Media Gambar untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Sifat - Sifat Bangun Datar di Kelas 2 SD Negeri Bendo 2 Kota Blitar
Authors: Tamimah Nasiatut
Published: April 2021

Berdasarkan  hasil observasi awal diketahui bahwa proses pembelajaran di kelas II SD Bendo 2 Kecamatan  Kepanjenkidul Kota Blitar belum optimal.. Dari rumusan masalah tersebut, pemecahannya adalah menggunakan langkah-langkah pendekatan PAKEM. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas siswa, aktivitas guru dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan di kelas II SD Negeri Bendo 2 Kecamatan Kepanjenkidul Kota Blitar  Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 dengan jumlah siswa 26 orang. Dalam pelaksanaannya penelitian tindakan kelas ini terdiri dari dua siklus, setiap siklus mencakup empat tahap yaitu : (1) perencanaan (planning); (2) pelaksanaan (acting); (3) pengamatan (observing); dan (4) refleksi (reflecting). Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan suatu peningkatan dari satu siklus ke siklus selanjutnya yaitu dilihat dari segi keaktifan siswa, keaktifan guru maupun hasil belajar siswa. Data tentang keaktifan siswa pada siklus I sebesar 45%, dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 65%. Kemudian data tentang hasil belajar siswa nilai rata-rata pada siklus I sebesar 58,5 dengan ketuntasan siswa sebesar 60% dan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 70,5 dengan ketuntasan belajar siswa mencapai 90%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dicapai, dapat disimpulkan  penerapan pendekatan PAKEM dalam pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan kreatifitas serta hasil belajar siswa.
Implementasi DenseNet Untuk Mengidentifikasi Kanker Kulit Melanoma
Authors: Pardede Jasman , Putra Dwi Adi Lenggana
Published: April 2021

Skin is a part of a human body that covers the entire body and protect the lower layer from direct sunlight and another microorganism. Because of that, skin cells are always changing and could be changed because of genetic mutation that causes skin cancer. In general, skin cancer is divided into three groups, namely : skin cancer Basal cell carcinoma, skin cancer Squamous cell carcinoma, and skin cancer Melanoma. Melanoma skin cancer is caused by abnormal growth in melanocyte cells. Several methods are proposed to predict Melanoma skin cancer using  ResNet, LeNet, and Support Vector Machine. System performance is measured based on the value of accuracy, precision, recall, and f-measure. This experiment is conducted using a Melanoma skin cancer dataset that obtained the average value in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and f-measure are 0.94, 0.95, 0.92, and 0.94 respectively. Based on that result, the proposed DenseNet121 performs better with 0.94 accuracy, compared with ResNet, LeNet, and Support Vector Machine method.

 

Keywords— Convolutional Neural Network; Image Classification; Melanoma Classification; DenseNet121.
Buku Penghubung Berbasis Android Menggunakan Metode Prototyping
Authors: Maulana Heri , Kasmawi Kasmawi , Enda Depandi
Published: April 2021

Abstract — The role of parents is very important in the education of their children, even though parents have entrusted their children to school. Parents also have responsibility for continuing children's learning at home. Parents of course need information about their child's learning at school, so that they guide learning at home in accordance with the lessons learned at school. In order for the information to be conveyed properly, SDN 04 Bengkalis uses a Buku Penghubung. Buku penghubung is used as a medium for communication between teachers and parents. However, the problem that arises from using it is the lack of interest of parents in using buku penghubung. Buku penghubung, also often left behind, easy to lose, and prone to damage because made of paper. This research aims to build an android-based buku penghubung application. The application features announcements, daily grades, list of lessons, and attendance. The method in this research is the prototyping. The result of this research is an android-based buku penghubung application that can be used by teachers and parents. Application testing uses the black box testing and compatibility testing.

 

Keywords— Buku Penghubung, Android, Black Box, Compatibility.
Aplikasi Android untuk Monitoring Lahan Pertanian secara Realtime Berbasis Internet of Things
Authors: Lumban Gaol Jihot , Purnomo Hindriyanto , Kristianto Budhi , Tanone Radius , Beeh Yos Richard , Setiyawati Nina , Permadi Markus , Raynaldo Raynaldo , Yudistira Riko
Published: April 2021

The development of technology is very helpful in agriculture by using the internet to get the information we need. The problem that farmers think of is that they cannot easily and quickly get information in the form of light intensity, precipitation, soil pH, soil moisture, soil temperature, humidity and air temperature. When farmers get the information they need from agricultural land, they usually get information through the internet so they are considered less efficient as it is quite time consuming. To solve this problem, a system is designed using the research and development method (RnD). A new Android-based application that can display data in text and graphics that are more easily accessible to farmers. This study creates an Android-based mobile application based on tests using the Android interface to display information about agricultural land conditions and display graphical data that is updated every 5 minutes.

 

Keywords— Land monitoring, Agriculture, IoT, Android Mobile Application
Pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy predicts locoregional control in patients with triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Einck John P. , Chen Victor E. , Zakeri Kaveh
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Purpose

Our goal was to determine the impact of pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) on the subsequent risk of locoregional recurrence (LRR) and disease-free survival (DFS) in the setting of adjuvant radiation therapy.

Methods and materials

This was an institutional review board–approved retrospective chart review of patients with clinical stage I-III breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, local surgery (breast conservation or mastectomy), and adjuvant radiation therapy between 1997 and 2015. Medical records were reviewed for clinical stage, tumor grade and subtype, neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen, type of surgery, pathologic stage, use of radiation therapy, date and location of recurrence, and date of death. Molecular subtypes were defined using immunohistochemistry and histologic grade. ypT0 and ypN0 were defined as no residual invasive disease in breast or nodes, respectively. LRR was defined as any failure within the breast, chest wall, or regional lymph nodes. Statistical analysis was performed; LRR and DFS rates over 30 months were determined from Kaplan-Meier plots.

Results

Ninety-four patients with TNBC were analyzed, of whom 72 received radiation therapy. This subgroup was isolated for further investigation. Median follow-up was 32.5 months in this group. The pathologic complete response (pCR) rate was 36%, and presence or absence of disease in breast and/or nodes was significantly predictive of LRR. In TNBC patients who received radiation therapy, 30-month LRR was 22% in 41 patients with ypT+ versus 0% in 31 patients with ypT0 (P = .003), 23% in 31 patients with ypN+ versus 5% in 41 patients with ypN0 (P = .016), and 20% in 46 patients with residual disease in breast or nodes versus 0% in 26 patients with pCR (P = .015). The difference in the rate of LRR between those who underwent lumpectomy versus mastectomy did not reach significance (8% vs 17%, respectively). Furthermore, patients with residual disease had a higher rate of DFS events (hazard ratio, 3.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.37-9.41; P = .006). The difference in DFS was not significantly associated with the type of surgery received.

Conclusions

Patients with TNBC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy who have residual disease in the breast or lymph nodes at the time of surgery have significantly higher rates of locoregional failure and lower DFS compared with those with a pCR despite the use of adjuvant radiation therapy. Strategies to intensify therapy for patients with residual disease warrant further investigation.
Congenital Heart Disease and Maternal Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Petropoulos Andreas , Khudiyeva A , İsmailova İ
Published: April 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a relatively common illness that can complicate pregnancy and result in an increased incidence of congenital malformations. Offspring of diabetic mothers suffering from type IDDM have a fivefold incidence of congenital malformations compared to pregnancies in the general healthy population. Specifically, the pattern of congenital heart disease (CHD) encountered among this group, with an emphasis on abnormalities of laterality, looping and conotruncal septation, suggesting that the maternal metabolic state affects cardiogenesis at a very early stage of the developmental period, prior to 7 weeks of gestation. Although many have been written on the effect of diabetes in pregnant women, less is known for the effects of type II DM and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its role in provoking CHD.

Aim of this paper is to review the literature regarding the types of CHD seen in offspring of mothers suffering from different types of diabetes mellitus, maternal types 1 and 2 and gestational and to comment on the incidences and any differences found in the types of detected CHD.
Right use of Screening Pulse Oximetry test for early detection of Critical Congenital Heart Diseases
Authors: Petropoulos Andreas , Huseynov Rustam
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Preventive medicine is the ideal way in dealing with frequent and fatal diseases. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is responsible for the largest proportion of mortality caused by birth defects in the first year of life. Actual numbers and mortality from CHD is increasing. In the developed world the treatment of CHD has escalating costs for health care systems and private covered patients, while in low-income countries the resources are minimal. Prevention/early detection is urgently needed to tackle the increasing needs.

Aim: To justify why pulse oximetry (pox) is the best available, early detecting postnatal screening test currently.

Conclusion: Although CHD’s are both frequent and carry a high morbidity and mortality, we still lack a single, easy to apply, non-invasive and low-cost screening test, worldwide. The most advantageous method for minimizing CHD deaths worldwide seems to be currently, the combination of clinical assessment with pox.

Original publication: https://crimsonpublishers.com/ojchd/pdf/OJCHD.000510.pdf Open Journal of Cardiology and Heart Diseases.
Determination of Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Sections Having Plastic Moments Equal to all IPE Profiles
Authors: Beroual Sayeh , Samai Mohamed Laid
Published: April 2021

The comparison between steel structures and reinforced concrete structures has always been governed by economy and response to earthquake. Steel structures being lighter and are thus more efficient to resist earthquake. On the other hand, they are more expensive (4 to 5 times). Theoretically, two structural elements having the same plastic moment have an equal failure or collapse load. Different profiles of IPE are realized in industry and all their characteristics are determined with a great precision (weight, geometrical characteristics and thus their plastic moment). Determining equivalent rectangular singly reinforced concrete cross-sections is not easy and seems impossible to be solved analytically. To a given profile it may be found a multitude of equivalent rectangular reinforced concrete cross-section (singly and doubly reinforced with different yield strengths and compositions of concrete). To take into consideration all these factors, it is absolutely necessary to construct three axis design charts with an appropriate choice of system of coordinates in order to cover all possible ranges of different parameters. The choice of all these possible rectangular reinforced concrete sections is governed by the plastic performance of these later. They must be under reinforced, allowing plastification of steel before failure in order to permit the redistribution phenomenon in plastic analysis. The exploitation of these different charts has revealed that the absolute majority of these rectangular reinforced concrete cross-section are reasonably well designed and are in conformity with the dimensions used in practice. The results of the present characterization using Eurocode 2 characteristics are compared to those of CP110. The impact does not seem to be very relevant. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091677 Full Text: PDF
A Case Study of S-Curve Analysis: Causes, Effects, Tracing and Monitoring Project Extension of Time
Authors: Mohamad Habib Musa , Mohamad Mohamad Ibrahim , Saad Ismail , Bolong Nurmin , Mustazama J. , Mohd Razali Siti Nooraiin
Published: April 2021

S-Curve analysis in the construction interpreted as managing project with knowledge and traceable in the context of sustainable construction while displays the cumulative costs, labour hours or other quantities plotted against time. In the contract administration, delays in completing a construction project led to the breach of contract but, in contracts itself allow the construction period to be extended where there are delays that are not the contractor's fault. Under those circumstances, a presentation of a case-study regarding the analysis of S-Curve of a life project drew comparative interpretation of project performance towards project delivery schedule has been conducted in private initiative project. This study aims to investigate and examine the factors that cause delays in construction projects from the perspective of S-curve representations. The paper aims to provide in depth light about the existing causes of project delay and describe the key sources of financing problem and identify the consequences of contraventions of contract. Two distinct parts divided which are refers to the methods used to assess the perceptions of clients, consultants, and contractors on the relative importance of causes of delay in a project and referred to the procurement and documentation to analyse the delay. As a result, an Extension of Time (EOT) granted and identically changed the progress towards extension time where better planning demanded for improvement and restoration progress kept on track. This paper presented a practical and comparative S-Curve within extension of time to ensure delivery of project on schedule. In the long run, the identified causes are combined into 16 factors. Finally, the result of this match was brought in order to critically understand and provide a guideline to contractor in preparing EOT application and choose reliable factor based on the specific circumstances of project delay factors thorough review conducted to reveal the nature of EOT application techniques. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091679 Full Text: PDF
Study of Head Loss in Rapid Filtration with four River Sands
Authors: Agbo Komitse Edoh , Ayité Yawovi M. X. Dany , Pachoukova Irina
Published: April 2021

In this work, we studied the filtration behavior, with regard to the head loss, of four calibrated Togo Rivers sands compared to that of a reference filter sand imported from Europe. The objective is to determine the suitability of local rivers sands as filter sands for water treatment plants. The sands were successively loaded into a filtration pilot and subjected, during at least 20 hours, to the filtration of water whose turbidity was maintained at around 20 NTU. The results show that the average deviations of the head loss profiles as a function of depth, calculated in relation to the head loss recorded on the reference sand, at the same filtration time t=20h, are small and vary from 2 cm to 8 cm.  In the same way, the curves of the head loss as a function of time are quite close to the one observed for the reference sand. Examination of the clogging front after 20 hours of filtration reveals that the progression is either the same or greater and reached 20 cm in depth at the same time. This study can be extended to other rivers sand samples and by varying the turbidity and the filtration rate. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091682 Full Text: PDF
Complex Linkage between Watershed Attributes and Surface Water Quality: Gaining Insight via Path Analysis
Authors: Khan Afed Ullah , Rahman Hafiz Ur , Ali Liaqat , Khan Muhammad Ijaz , Khan Humayun Mehmood , Khan Afnan Ullah , Khan Fayaz Ahmad , Khan Jehanzeb , Shah Liaqat Ali , Haleem Kashif , Abbas Asim , Ahmad Izaz
Published: April 2021

Understanding the influence of various variables on surface water quality is extremely important for protecting ecosystem health. The principal aim of this study is to assess the direct (DE), indirect (IE) and total effects (TE) of socio-economic, terrestrial and hydrological factors on surface water quality via path analysis through the lens of 15 sub-basins located on Indus basin, Pakistan. Four path models were selected based on Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.999 value. First path model showed that rangelands having low population density decline river runoff which decreases instream Electrical Conductivity (EC) because of lower anthropogenic activities. Second path model depicted that croplands having higher population density enhance river runoff due to irrigation tail water discharge which decline instream EC because of dilution. Third path model showed that croplands with higher population density enhance river runoff which increases instream NO3 concentration because of unscientific application of irrigation water. Fourth path model unveiled that croplands enhance Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which enhance river runoff and instream NO3 concentration. To protect ecosystem health, Best Management Practices (BMPs), precision farming and modern irrigation techniques should be adopted to reduce irrigation tail water discharges containing pollutants entry in Indus River. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091683 Full Text: PDF
ATTITUDE OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS OF SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA TOWARDS UTILIZATION OF WATER SANITATION FACILITIES
Authors: Adewole W.A. , Ayoade A.R. , Oladapo O.E
Published: April 2021

The study examined the Attitude of rural households of south west Nigeria towards utilization of water sanitation facilities the study specifically described the socio-economic characteristics of the rural household heads; identified various sources of water supply and their providers; determined the attitude of respondents to the utilization of water sanitation facilities and identified the constraints to water sanitation facilities utilization. The population of the study comprised of all the rural households in Ondo and Oyo States in Southwestern of Nigeria. The sampling procedure employed was multistage sampling technique to select 355 household heads comprising a total of 167 rural household considered out of 278 rural households from the selected cells in Oyo state while a total of 188 rural household heads selected out of 314 rural household heads from the selected cells in Ondo State for the study. The data for the study were analyzed with descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentage, mean and standard deviation while inferential statistical tools such as logistic regression analysis model and Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis.

      The result revealed a mean age of the respondents from Ondo State was 47 years while that of respondents from Oyo State was 45 years. Rain water collection was the major source of improved water supply from Ondo State (87.4%) and Oyo State (86.7%). Majority had favourable attitude towards utilization of water sanitation facilities while the level of utilization of water sanitation facilities is still on moderate level. The result of the Regression analysis model indicated that years of schooling (t=-3.758***; p=0.000) and households’ size (t=-2.089**; p=0.037) were significantly related to utilization of water sanitation facilities. It was therefore concluded that the utilization of water sanitation facilities was influenced by income level, household size and people’s attitude/disposition towards water sanitation facilities. Since income level is a strong determinant of utilization of water sanitation facilities, there is need to make credit available to the rural households in case of breakdown of the facilities to enable immediate repairs thereby enhancing their health and utilization level
Analisis Preferensi dan Kepuasan Konsumen terhadap Beras di Kecamatan Mulyorejo Surabaya Jawa Timur (The Analysis of Preferences and Customer Satisfaction on Rice in Mulyorejo District, Surabaya, East Java)
Authors: Nurmalina Rita , Astuti Endang Pudji
Published: April 2021

Rice is a very important commodity. Rice plays an important role in food security, economic stability, and employment. Consumer behavior in rice consumption continues to grow. Improved incomes lead to increased demands on quality. Changes in demographic structures, such as level of education, lifestyle, technology, transportation, and communication, affect the customer preferences and satisfaction with the rice they consume. In line with efforts to increase productivity, the rice should be produced to meet consumer expectations which are constantly evolving.  This study aimed to identify the characteristics, analyze the decision-making process, preferences, and customer satisfaction, as well as making the right marketing mix recommendations based on the study of consumer behavior on three different social classes (lower class, middle, and upper). Convinience Sampling was used. The analytical tool used in this study was a descriptive analysis, Important & Performance Analysis (IPA) and the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI).  Data processing with descriptive analysis showed some differences in the characteristics of responders and decision-making processes at all three social classes. The differences associated with educational level and family income levels, initial consideration of the purchase of rice, and where to purchase the rice.  CSI showed that the total satisfaction on all three social classes is entirely in the range “satisfied”. However, the higher the social class, the higher the satisfaction of the rice consumed. Data processing by IPA showed that the performance, which should be improved based on consumer preference and satisfaction, was a top-class ease of getting rice and seller services. The performance on middle-class consumers have to be improved in assessing durability of rice, grain uniformity, and broken. While the upscale consumer should improve performance in terms of price, flavor, broken, and clean rice.Keywords: consumption, quality, expectation, social class, sample, performance.
To Biomassa Tempurung Buah nyamplung (Callophyllum spp) untuk Pembuatan Briket Arang sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif
Authors: Hazra Fahrizal , Sari Novita
Published: April 2021

Nyamplung shell is a biomass whose existence has not been optimally utilized. Biomass is a solid waste that can be used again as a source of fuel. Favorable characteristics of the biomass is an energy source that can be utilized in a sustainable manner because it is renewable. Biomass of Nyamplung shell can be processed become a form of solid fuel with a same specific dimension, it is resulting from compression of bulk materials, powders, and the relatively small size commonly referred to as charcoal briquettes.  The aim of this research is to test the feasibility of nyamplung shell as a raw material for making briquettes on the households by conducting analysis of quality parameters briquette specimens including physical properties (water content, calor value, and density), briquette durability (persistence press), chemical (ash content, fixed carbon and volatile matter content) and the rate of burning charcoal briquette.  The treatment in this aim is a mixture composition of raw materials (charcoal of Nyamplung shell) who were given the same amount of adhesive and compressed by compressing hydraulic briquette. The results showed that, charcoal briquettes made from the Calophyllum shell can be used as alternative energy, with a characteristic range of values from 3,39-3,83% moisture content, calor value ranges from 3.646,14-5.431,35 calories / gram, the range of density values 0,663-0,721 gram/cm3, the range of persistence press value 1,98-5,39 kg/cm2, the range of ash content value 19,89-24,51%, the range of fixed carbon value 33,09-40,86%, the range of volatile matter value 35,03-38,57%, and the range of rate of burning from 0,0574-0,0898 grams/second. The low value of moisture content can lead to higher heating value of charcoal briquettes. High/low levels of volatile could affect fast/slow rate of burning charcoal briquettes. Key words : nyamplung shell, biomass, charcoal briquette
Aplikasi Bakteri Probiotik melalui Pakan Buatan untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Pertumbuhan Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon)
Authors: Widanarni Widanarni , Wahjuningrum Dinamella , Puspita Fiska
Published: April 2021

This research was conducted to study the effect of probiotic bacteria application through artificial feed on growth performance of tiger shrimp. The research was carried out for 42 days with four treatments and three replications, those were control, SKT-b (feed + SKT-b probiotic), 1 UB (feed + 1 UB probiotic) and commercial (feed + commercial probiotic). Feed and probiotic bacteria were mixed in ratio of 3:1 (weight : volume) by adding 3 % of white egg as a binder.  Then the test feed was analyzed by proximate analyses and compared by using control feed. Tiger shrimps with initial weight of 0.04 ± 0.005 g were reared in 50 cm x 40 cm  x 40 cm aquaria at the density of 15 shrimps per aquarium.  Feeding was carried out four times a day at 08.00, 12.00, 16.00, and 22.00. The weight of tiger shrimp were observed once every 2 weeks, whereas the water quality and the total abundance of bacteria in media were monitored at the beginning, middle and end of the research.The result showed that theadministration of the probiotic bacteria through artificial feed produced better growth rate than control. Application of 1 UB probiotic gave the best results by producing 9.03% growth rate and 1.35feed conversion ratio. Whereas, survival rates for all treatments were not significantly different from the range of values between 91.11% - 97.78%.Keywords: probiotic bacteria, feed, tiger shrimp
Perbandingan Penerapan Sistem Akuntansi Konvensional dengan Sistem Akuntansi Berbasis Komputer pada Perusahaan Dagang
Authors: Sastrawan Uding , Pratiwi Ratih , Merdekawati Eka
Published: April 2021

The implementation of conventional accounting system is based on the accounting records which are done manually (paper work). In contrast, the implementation of computer-based accounting system is an impact of the development of science and technology. Therefore, the manually accounting records can be replaced by computersin terms of data processing of daily transactions to financial reports. The purposes of this research are firstly to determine the implementation of conventional accounting system at UD. Mekarsari.  Secondly is to determine the implementation of computer-based accounting system in PD. Cimanggu Jaya. Lastly is to compare  those two accounting systems which have been applied to the two companies. The difference of those two models of accounting system can be seen from the output of the accounting records. All variables or sub systems that run on those two trading companies with different accounting recording system is the study of assessment of the implementation between conventional accounting system and computer accounting systems so that two accounting systems can be compared. Last stepistoprovidere commendations for improvement in the implementation ofthe accounting system for more efficiency and effectiveness when applied in the trading companies. Based on the results and discussion, it can be summarized as follows: 1). The application of conventional accounting systems at UD. Mekar Sari is still simple.   2). The application of computer-based accounting system at PD. Cimanggu Jaya has formed separate functions, all transactions are recorded in the printed serial numbered transaction receipt, and has done journal recording to generate financial reports using computer applications ie Microsoft Office Excel. 3). The comparison between the conventional accounting system and computer-based accounting system on timber commodity trading company shows that the conventional accounting system is more simple, their functions have no optimal performance, and the application of internal control is still lacking, so the company’s financial statements has not been realized.Keyword : Accounting System,Conventional Accounting System, Computer Based Accounting System
Identifikasi Arti Tangisan Bayi Versi Dunstan Baby Language Menggunakan Jarak Terpendek Dari Jarak Mahalanobis (Infant Cries Identification of Dunstan Baby Language Version using the Shortest Distance of Mahalanobis)
Authors: Renanti Medhanita Dewi
Published: April 2021

New born babies have the ability to express their basic needs through sounds. A system to understand the meaning of crying infants of aged 0-3 months is called Dunstan Baby Language (DBL), which was introduced in 2006. This research aimed to perform the modeling of codebook method with k-means clustering technique as feature matching, and Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC) as feature extraction to identify the infant cries. The infant cries identification of Dunstan Baby Language version used the shortest distance of mahalanobis. The treatment in this research was the combination of frame length: 25 ms, 40 ms and 60 ms, frame overlap of 0%, 40%, and 60%, and the number of codewords (number of clusters) of 1 to 29. The best accuracy in recognizing five types of crying Infants using mahalanobis distance can be achieved up to 83% when the frame length = 275, the overlap frame = 0.25, and the k = 17. Sound ‘heh’ was the most familiar, whereas sound ‘owh’ was always missunderstood and generally  known as ‘neh’ and ‘eairh’.Keywords: Codebook, Dunstan baby language, Mahalanobis Distance, MFCC
Verifikasi Metode Penentuan Residu Pestisida Beta Siflutrin dalam Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L) secara Kromatografi Gas (Verification of Method for Determination of Residual Pesticides Beta Siflutrin in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L) with Gas Chromatography)
Authors: Hazra Fahrizal , Rosdiana Lisa
Published: April 2021

The determination of residual pesticides beta siflutrin in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) was conducted by Gas Chromatography (GC). The separation was conducted on a DB-1 (30m×0.25mm×0.25µm) coloum, using a nitrogen gas as mobile phase at flow rate of 25 mL/min. The determination of beta siflutrin in potato with GC was based on the verification method. The detection was ECD detector. Verification parameters tested were linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantitation (LOQ). Linearity had a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9992. Accuracy had a recovery value of 99.49%. Precision had a value of relative standard deviation (% RSD) of 2.48%. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) obtained was 0.001305 and 0.00435 mg/kg. The result of this research showed that the method of determination of residual pesticides beta siflutrin in potato with GC can be used as a routine analysis.Key words: verification, beta siflutrin, GC, potato
Pernana Sektor Kelautan Dan Perikanan Dalam Pembangunan Wilayah Kota Tual Provinsi Maluku
Authors: Ngamel Anna Kartika , Susanty Ida I Dewa Ayu Raka
Published: April 2021

Tual cityhasthe abundantmarine and fishery potencies because most ofthe region is the ocean.This study aimed to determine the contribution value of marine and fisheries sector to PDRB (GDP), to know the status or the level of the economic base of marine and fisheries sector in the city of Tual, and to formulate alternative development strategies of marine and fisheries sector in order to play a bigger role in the development of the Tualcity.  The result of this research indicated that the contribution value of marine and fisheries sector to PDRB (GDP) in Tual city gave a very big contribution in agricultural sector. The analysis of LQ indicated that the marine and fishery sector is said to bethe economic base sector  .Aglomeration analysis indicated that the sector activity of marine and fishery in Tual was not centralizedinvariousplacesaround Tual.  The calculation results of the specialization analysis on marine and fisheries sector inTual showed the unspecialized state.  It means that the marine and fisheries sector as not be enable to produce a particular fishery commodities. Therefore, the role from all elements is needed.  The effect of marine and fishery sector tend to fluctuate.  It was influenced by the economic condition after the region was divided. Based on the result of SWOT analysis. The three top priorities in choosing an alternative strategy of the development of marine and fisheries sector in Tual city are: 1) Promote cooperation between the government, employers and the public to utilize fishery and marine resources in a sustainable manner, 2) development of professional management in marine and fisheries resource; 3) Development of MCS system (Monitoring, Controlling and Surveillance) by related agencies.Keywords : Sector Marine and Fishery, PDRB, Economic Bases, Strategy Development.
Kebijakan Office Channeling Dan Perkembangan Perbankan Syariah Serta Penyaluran Pembiayaan Usaha Kecil Menengah Di Indonesia (The Office Channeling Policy, the Development of Islamic Banking, and SMEs Financing in Indonesia)
Authors: Sastrawan Uding , Syamsun M. , Najib M.
Published: April 2021

This research presents Islamic banking which continuously experience growth in the banking system in Indonesia, especially after Bank Indonesia regulation (office channeling) is applied. The presence of Islamic banking is expected to strengthen the SMEs in accessing the business financing with the concept of profit and loss sharing.  This research was done to find out whether the increasing development of Islamic banking give a positive response in the SMEs sector financing and other variables in line with the rising of Islamic banking portfolio. The study was based on secondary data and mostly collected from the Annual reports published by Bank Indonesia.  Method of Vector Autoregression (VAR) and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The result suggested that the development of Islamic banking was influenced by the variable of operational expenses ratio to operational revenue (BOPO), financing in SMEs sector (PYD), depositor funds (DPK), non performing financing (NPF), number of worker (PKJ), unless asset growth (GAST).Key words: Islamic banking, Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), Vector autoregression (VAR)
Efektivitas Ekstrak Tepung Testis Sapi dalam Alih Kelamin Ikan Nila, Oreochromis niloticus L. Melalui Teknik Perendaman (The Effectiveness of BTME (Bull Testes Meal Extract) in Sex-Reversal of Tilapia through Immersion Technique)
Authors: Iskandar Andri , Junior M. Zairin , Arfah Harton
Published: April 2021

Synthetic steroids are commonly used to sex-reverse tilapia to produce male tilapia commercially, but gradually feared a negative impact on food security and environmental sustainability. The use of new natural compound is a potential alternative to be explored, one of which is bull testes meal extract (BTME). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of BTME immersion and optimal concentrations for sex-reverse tilapia to produce monosex male tilapia, and its influence on survival and growth of fish. The study consisted of 5 treatments with 3 replications: immersion treatment with BTME concentration of 1 ml l-1 (A), 3 ml l-1 (B), 5 ml l-1 (C), immersion treatment in 17α-methyltestosterone of 500 µg l-1 (K+) and without hormone immersion treatment (K-). Hormone immersion was performed on tilapia larvae aged 4 and 7 days after hatching.The fish were then maintained for 60 days. The parameters observed were: the percentage of male tilapia and intersex tilapia, survival rates, and growth rate of fish. BTME immersion for sex-reverse the tilapia larvae have significant effect on masculinization of tilapia. The highest percentage of male fish was obtained on treatment C (85.56%) and was not significantly different from K (+) (81.11 %). Immersion of tilapia in BTME or 17α-MT did not affect the survival and growth of tilapia fish.Keywords: sex reversal, bull testes meal extract (BTME), tilapia
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI SUPERABSORBEN DARI SELULOSA JERAMI PADI (Superabsorbent Synthesis and Characterization of Rice Straw Cellulose)
Authors: Yulianti Wina , Laila Farida
Published: April 2021

Copolymerization of cellulose from rice straw with acrylic acid and acrylamide produce biopolymer superabsorbent. Cellulose was purified from fat content by extraction with toluene:ethanol (2:1). Hemicelluloses and lignin were removal by using potassium hydroxide 5% and hydrogen peroxide 2% at alkaline pH. Cellulose yield obtained was 21.56%. FTIR spectra of lignin showed a loss of absorption at 1728 cm-1. Copolymerization was carried out at 65 C under nitrogen athmosphere. Initiator and cross linking agent used were potassium peroxodisulfate and N'N-methylene bis acrylamide. Superbasorben resulted from this experiment showed the water swelling capacity after 24 hour for the water, solution of 100 ppm of ammonium chloride, and urea respectively 387,11 g/g ; 193,47 g/g and 400,17 g/g.Keywords : superabsorbent, rice straw, swelling capacity