bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lecture attendance improves success in medical physiology
Authors: Demir Enver Ahmet , Tutuk Okan , Dogan Hatice , Egeli Duygu , Tumer Cemil
Published: November 2017

The educators have underlined the importance of lecture attendance for decades. Nowadays, students have ample online educational sources, which began a debate on the necessity of in-class lectures. In the present study, we investigated the influence of lecture attendance on the exam success. To this aim, we adopted a novel approach and matched second-year medicine students’ answers in three interim exams with the lectures related to those questions. Thereby, we were able to evaluate if attending lectures increases the chance of giving a correct answer to the exam question generated from the attended lecture. Furthermore, we examined students who had never taken the course before (first-time takers) and students who had failed and repeated the course (repeat takers) separately, since repeat takers may have attended a lecture previously. We found that first-time takers attended more lectures and gained higher total scores than repeat takers. Lecture-matched correct answers were significantly higher for attended lectures than for skipped lectures in all interim exams. Moreover, the correlation analyses revealed that the number of correct answers increases by lecture attendance in both first-time and repeat takers. These results indicate that in-class lectures still should be considered as an essential part of the medical physiology education, even in the internet era.
The hepatokines fetuin-A and fetuin-B are upregulated in the state of hepatic steatosis and may differently impact on glucose homeostasis in humans
Authors: Peter Andreas , Kovarova Marketa , Staiger Harald , Machann Jürgen , Schick Fritz , Königsrainer Alfred , Königsrainer Ingmar , Schleicher Erwin , Fritsche Andreas , Häring Hans-Ulrich , Stefan Norbert
Published: November 2017

The liver is a central regulator of whole body glucose, and lipid homeostasis and hepatokines, like fetuin-A, have been identified as markers and mediators of fatty liver-induced cardiometabolic risk. The closely related protein fetuin-B was shown to be upregulated in the fatty liver and to impact on glucose homeostasis in mice. In the present study we aimed to test the relevance of these findings in humans. In 55 subjects, hepatic mRNA expression of both hepatokines, fetuin-A and fetuin-B, associated positively with liver triglyceride content, whereas only fetuin-A expression associated with the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. In 220 subjects who underwent precise metabolic phenotyping, circulating fetuin-A, but not fetuin-B, associated positively with liver fat content, and negatively with insulin sensitivity, measured during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and during the euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp. Both circulating fetuin-A and fetuin-B correlated positively with the glucose area under the curve during the OGTT, but after additional adjustment for insulin sensitivity this relationship remained significant only for fetuin-B. In conclusion, despite the fact that the two hepatokines, fetuin-A and fetuin-B, are upregulated in the state of hepatic steatosis in humans, it appears that they differently impact on glucose homeostasis. Our data are in agreement with observations that fetuin-A can alter insulin signaling and that fetuin-B may regulate glucose homeostasis via so far unknown effects, possibly on glucose effectiveness.
A High Rigidity and Precision Scanning Tunneling Microscope with Decoupled XY and Z Scans
Authors: Chen Xu , Guo Tengfei , Hou Yubin , Zhang Jing , Meng Wenjie , Lu Qingyou
Published: November 2017

A new scan-head structure for the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is proposed, featuring high scan precision and rigidity. The core structure consists of a piezoelectric tube scanner of quadrant type (for XY scans) coaxially housed in a piezoelectric tube with single inner and outer electrodes (for Z scan). They are fixed at one end (called common end). A hollow tantalum shaft is coaxially housed in the XY-scan tube and they are mutually fixed at both ends. When the XY scanner scans, its free end will bring the shaft to scan and the tip which is coaxially inserted in the shaft at the common end will scan a smaller area if the tip protrudes short enough from the common end. The decoupled XY and Z scans are desired for less image distortion and the mechanically reduced scan range has the superiority of reducing the impact of the background electronic noise on the scanner and enhancing the tip positioning precision. High quality atomic resolution images are also shown.
Sequential Probability Ratio Testing with Power Projective Base Method Improves Decision-Making for BCI
Authors: Liu Rong , Wang Yongxuan , Wu Xinyu , Cheng Jun
Published: November 2017

Obtaining a fast and reliable decision is an important issue in brain-computer interfaces (BCI), particularly in practical real-time applications such as wheelchair or neuroprosthetic control. In this study, the EEG signals were firstly analyzed with a power projective base method. Then we were applied a decision-making model, the sequential probability ratio testing (SPRT), for single-trial classification of motor imagery movement events. The unique strength of this proposed classification method lies in its accumulative process, which increases the discriminative power as more and more evidence is observed over time. The properties of the method were illustrated on thirteen subjects’ recordings from three datasets. Results showed that our proposed power projective method outperformed two benchmark methods for every subject. Moreover, with sequential classifier, the accuracies across subjects were significantly higher than that with nonsequential ones. The average maximum accuracy of the SPRT method was 84.1%, as compared with 82.3% accuracy for the sequential Bayesian (SB) method. The proposed SPRT method provides an explicit relationship between stopping time, thresholds, and error, which is important for balancing the time-accuracy trade-off. These results suggest SPRT would be useful in speeding up decision-making while trading off errors in BCI.
New Integrals Arising in the Samara-Valencia Heat Transfer Model in Grinding
Authors: González-Santander J. L.
Published: November 2017

The Samara-Valencia model for heat transfer in grinding has been recently used for calculating nontabulated integrals. Based on these results, new infinite integrals can be calculated, involving the Macdonald function and the modified Struve function.
Study on Vibration Reduction Method for a Subway Station in Soft Ground
Authors: Ma Xian-Feng , Feng Ning-Ning , Wang Guo-Bo , Fang Xu
Published: November 2017

With the rapid development of metro system in urban areas, vibration and its impact on adjacent structures caused by metro operation have drawn much attention of researches and worries relating to it have risen. This paper analyzed the vibration attenuation and the environment impact by a case study of a subway station in soft ground with adjacent laboratory building. A method of setting a compound separation barrier surrounding the station is checked and different materials used in the barrier have been tried and tested through numerical analysis. Key parameters of the material and the effects of vibration reduction are studied with the purpose that similar methodology and findings can be referenced in future practices.
A Method for Identifying Pollution Sources of Heavy Metals and PAH for a Risk-Based Management of a Mediterranean Harbour
Authors: Paladino Ombretta , Moranda Arianna , Seyedsalehi Mahdi
Published: November 2017

A procedure for assessing harbour pollution by heavy metals and PAH and the possible sources of contamination is proposed. The procedure is based on a ratio-matching method applied to the results of principal component analysis (PCA), and it allows discrimination between point and nonpoint sources. The approach can be adopted when many sources of pollution can contribute in a very narrow coastal ecosystem, both internal and outside but close to the harbour, and was used to identify the possible point sources of contamination in a Mediterranean Harbour (Port of Vado, Savona, Italy). 235 sediment samples were collected in 81 sampling points during four monitoring campaigns and 28 chemicals were searched for within the collected samples. PCA of total samples allowed the assessment of 8 main possible point sources, while the refining ratio-matching identified 1 sampling point as a possible PAH source, 2 sampling points as Cd point sources, and 3 sampling points as C > 12 point sources. By a map analysis it was possible to assess two internal sources of pollution directly related to terminals activity. The study is the prosecution of a previous work aimed at assessing Savona-Vado Harbour pollution levels and suggested strategies to regulate the harbour activities.
Effect of HPPMS Pulse-Frequency on Plasma Discharge and Deposited AlTiN Coating Properties
Authors: Severin Stefanie , Naveed Muhammad , Weiß Sabine
Published: November 2017

Coatings like TiAlN (titanium content more than 50%) or AlTiN (aluminium content more than 50%) are well established as hard and wear-resistant tool coatings, often prepared by physical vapour deposition (PVD) like arc evaporation or direct current magnetron sputtering (dcMS). With increasing challenges of operating conditions, there is a constant need for improvement of mechanical properties to withstand extreme loading conditions. This can be obtained by a higher amount of ionized sputtered metal atoms during the deposition process. To increase the metal ion flux a high-power pulse magnetron sputtering (HPPMS) was developed. In order to understand the relation between HPPMS process parameters and mechanical properties of the AlTiN coatings, the present study discusses how different pulse-frequencies (for a constant pulse length) influence AlTiN coating structure growth and their mechanical properties. In addition, film deposition rate and phase formation are influenced by altering process parameters like pulse length and frequency. Hence, different pulse-frequencies produce specific coatings with corresponding properties for functional requirements. Based on the established findings, answers to new scientific queries along with the demand to further optimize these coatings for tool applications are required.
Scale-Up Preparation and Characterization of Collagen/Sodium Alginate Blend Films
Authors: Wang Zhe , Hu Shuaifeng , Wang Huaiyu
Published: November 2017

In an effort to produce scale-up of edible films, collagen-based films including different amounts of sodium alginate (CS) were prepared by casting method. Films were characterized based on their rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties, water vapor permeability (WVP), and oxygen permeability (OP). The microstructures were also evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, the addition of sodium alginate effectively improved the viscosity and thermal stability, significantly increased TS, and decreased E and WVP (P<0.05), but with no obvious effect on OP (P>0.05). SEM and AFM showed homogeneous matrix, with no signs of phase separation in the blends. Overall, films (CS2) produced using collagen (g) : sodium alginate (g) = 10 : 2 showed suitable rheological property (apparent viscosity was 4.87 m Pa s−1) and better TS (26.49 Mpa), E (64.98%), WVP (1.79 × 10−10 g·cm−1·s−1·Pa−1), and OP (3.77 × 10−5 cm3·m−2·d−1·Pa−1).
Reliability‐Based Analytic Models for Fatigue Lifetime Distribution Estimation of Series Mechanical Systems under Random Load considering Strength Degradation Path Dependence
Authors: Gao Peng , Xie Liyang
Published: November 2017

Time‐dependent statistical characteristics of load process and strength degradation process are critical to lifetime distribution of series mechanical systems. Conventional rain‐flow counting method for lifetime distribution estimation has limited practical application due to its strict requirement for statistical properties of load process. Besides, dynamic interaction between load process and strength degradation process results in strength degradation path dependence (SDPD). SDPD and failure dependence of components jointly bring considerable difficulties in prediction of system lifetime distribution and system residual lifetime distribution. To address these problems, reliability‐based analytic models for estimation of whole lifetime distribution and residual lifetime distribution of series mechanical systems under random load are developed in this paper, which take the time‐dependent statistical parameters of load process and strength degradation process as the input of the models. Furthermore, SDPD and failure dependence of components are taken into account in the proposed models in an explicit mathematical expression. The results show that SDPD, failure dependence of components, and initial strength dispersion have significant influences on system lifetime distribution.
Self-Reported Adverse Drug Reactions, Medication Adherence, and Clinical Outcomes among Major Depressive Disorder Patients in Ethiopia: A Prospective Hospital Based Study
Authors: Abegaz Tadesse Melaku , Sori Lamessa Melese , Toleha Hussien Nurahmed
Published: November 2017

Background. There is paucity of data on prevalence of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) and adherence and clinical outcomes of antidepressants. The present study determined the magnitude of ADRs of antidepressants and their impact on the level of adherence and clinical outcome. Methods. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among depression patients from September 2016 to January 2017 at Gondar University Hospital psychiatry clinic. The Naranjo ADR probability scale was employed to assess the ADRs. The rate of medication adherence was determined using Morisky Medication Adherence Measurement Scale-Eight. Results. Two hundred seventeen patients participated in the study, more than half of them being males (122; 56.2%). More than one-half of the subjects had low adherence to their medications (124; 57.1%) and about 186 (85.7%) of the patients encountered ADR. The most common ADR was weight gain (29; 13.2%). More than one-half (125; 57.6%) of the respondents showed improved clinical outcome. Optimal level of medication adherence decreased the likelihood of poor clinical outcome by 56.8%. Conclusion. ADRs were more prevalent. However, adherence to medications was very poor in the setup. Long duration of depression negatively affects the rate of adherence. In addition, adherence was found to influence the clinical outcome of depression patients.
Characterization of the Spindle Morphology Nanomicelles Assembled from Sericin and Gelatin
Authors: Su Xiaozhou , Li Lei , Huang Weihan
Published: November 2017

Complex nanomicelles were prepared by sericin and type A gelatin with molecular weight of 5789 Da and 128664 Da separately. The assembling conditions were as follows: mass ratio (sericin/gelatin) was 1 : 1, protein concentration was 0.5%, temperature was 35°C, and assembling time was 18 hours. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were conducted to observe and characterize the complex nanomicelles. Results showed that the complex sericin/gelatin micelles was a kind of nanospindle micelles. The micelles had high electrochemical stability, thermal stability, antidilution stability, and storage stability.
Correlation Clustering of Stable Angina Clinical Care Patterns for 506 Thousand Patients
Authors: Vassy Zsolt , Kósa István , Vassányi István
Published: November 2017

Objectives. Our goal was to apply statistical and network science techniques to depict how the clinical pathways of patients can be used to characterize the practices of care providers. Methods. We included the data of 506,087 patients who underwent procedures related to ischemic heart disease. Patients were assigned to one of the 136 primary health-care centers using a voting scheme based on their residence. The clinical pathways were classified, and the spectrum of the pathway types was computed for each center, then a network was built with the centers as nodes and spectrum correlations as edge weights. Then Louvain clustering was used to group centers with similar pathway spectra. Results. We identified 3 clusters with rather distinct characteristics that occupy quite compact spatial areas, though no geographical information was used in clustering. Network analysis and hierarchical clustering show the dominance of medical university clinics in each cluster. Conclusion. Though clinical guidelines provide a uniform regulation for medical decisions, doctors have great freedom in daily clinical practice. This freedom leads to regional preferences of certain clinical pathways, the intercenter professional links, and geographical locality and coupled with quantifiable consequences in terms of care costs and periprocedural risk of patients.
Pseudomonas aeruginosaSeptic Arthritis and Osteomyelitis after Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning of a Supracondylar Humerus Fracture: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Wegner Adam M. , Wuellner John C. , Haus Brian M.
Published: November 2017

Infectious complications of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of supracondylar humerus fractures are exceedingly rare. Although postoperativePseudomonasinfection is a feared complication associated with noncompliance and a wet cast, there are no reports in the literature of this occurring. We present the devastating complication of a pediatric patient who developedPseudomonas aeruginosasubperiosteal abscess, osteomyelitis, and elbow septic arthritis after presenting to the clinic multiple times with a wet cast after closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of a supracondylar humerus fracture. We describe the treatment course for this patient, followed by the sequelae of posterolateral rotary instability. This case not only confirms that patients can getPseudomonasinfections if they get their cast wet but also stresses the importance of patient communication and compliance in preventing unfortunate complications.
The Landscape of Glucose-Lowering Therapy and Cardiovascular Outcomes: From Barren Land to Metropolis
Authors: Nasrallah Mona P. , Abi Khalil Charbel , Refaat Marwan M.
Published: November 2017

The choice of glucose-lowering therapy (GLT) has expanded to include 11 different classes in addition to insulin. Since the 2008 Food and Drug Administration guidance for industry and mandate of demonstrating cardiovascular (CV) safety prior to any new drug approval, there were several trials primarily conducted to establish that goal. Some had neutral effects, while there were positively beneficial outcomes with more recent studies. Hospitalization for congestive heart failure has also been a heterogeneous finding among the different classes of GLT, with drug outcomes ranging from risky to beneficial. The current review selectively focuses on the evidence for CV outcomes for each class of GLT and summarizes the existing guidelines with regard to these drugs in heart disease. Moreover, it illustrates the dynamic status in the development of evidence. Finally, the review enables healthcare providers to formulate a plan for hypoglycemic therapy which will optimize CV health, in a patient-centered manner.
Therapeutic Impact of Nanoparticle Therapy Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages
Authors: Penn Courtney A. , Yang Kun , Zong Hong , Lim Jae-Young , Cole Alex , Yang Dongli , Baker James , Goonewardena Sascha N. , Buckanovich Ronald J.
Published: November 2017

Antiangiogenic therapies, despite initial encouragement, have demonstrated a limited benefit in ovarian cancer. Laboratory studies suggest antiangiogenic therapy–induced hypoxia can induce tumor “stemness” as resistance to antiangiogenic therapy develops and limits the therapeutic benefit. Resistance to antiangiogenic therapy and an induction of tumor stemness may be mediated by proangiogenic tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). As such, TAMs have been proposed as a therapeutic target. We demonstrate here that ovarian TAMs express high levels of the folate receptor-2 (FOLR2) and can be selectively targeted using G5-dendrimer nanoparticles using methotrexate as both a ligand and a toxin. G5-methotrexate (G5-MTX) nanoparticles deplete TAMs in both solid tumor and ascites models of ovarian cancer. As a therapeutic agent, these nanoparticles are more effective than cisplatin. Importantly, these nanoparticles could (i) overcome resistance to antiangiogenic therapy, (ii) prevent antiangiogenic therapy–induced increases in cancer stem–like cells in both murine and human tumor cell models, (iii) prevent antiangiogenic therapy–induced increases in VEGF-C, and (iv) prevent antiangiogenic therapy–induced BRCA1 gene expression. Combined, this work strongly supports the development of TAM-targeted nanoparticle therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(1); 96–106. ©2017 AACR.
The Anti-inflammatory Effect of Personalized Omega-3 Fatty Acid Dosing for Reducing Prostaglandin E2 in the Colonic Mucosa Is Attenuated in Obesity
Authors: Djuric Zora , Turgeon D. Kim , Sen Ananda , Ren Jianwei , Herman Kirk , Ramaswamy Devon , Zhao Lili , Ruffin Mack T. , Normolle Daniel P. , Smith William L. , Brenner Dean E.
Published: November 2017

This clinical trial developed a personalized dosing model for reducing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in colonic mucosa using ω-3 fatty acid supplementation. The model utilized serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, ω-3):arachidonic acid (AA, ω-6) ratios as biomarkers of colonic mucosal PGE2 concentration. Normal human volunteers were given low and high ω-3 fatty acid test doses for 2 weeks. This established a slope and intercept of the line for dose versus serum EPA:AA ratio in each individual. The slope and intercept was utilized to calculate a personalized target dose that was given for 12 weeks. This target dose was calculated on the basis of a model, initially derived from lean rodents, showing a log-linear relationship between serum EPA:AA ratios and colonic mucosal PGE2 reduction. Bayesian methods allowed addition of human data to the rodent model as the trial progressed. The dosing model aimed to achieve a serum EPA:AA ratio that is associated with a 50% reduction in colonic PGE2. Mean colonic mucosal PGE2 concentrations were 6.55 ng/mg protein (SD, 5.78) before any supplementation and 3.59 ng/mg protein (SD, 3.29) after 12 weeks of target dosing. In secondary analyses, the decreases in PGE2 were significantly attenuated in overweight and obese participants. This occurred despite a higher target dose for the obese versus normal weight participants, as generated by the pharmacodynamic predictive model. Large decreases also were observed in 12-hydroxyicosatetraenoic acids, and PGE3 increased substantially. Future biomarker-driven dosing models for cancer prevention therefore should consider energy balance as well as overall eicosanoid homeostasis in normal tissue. Cancer Prev Res; 10(12); 729–37. ©2017 AACR.
Balloon-Assisted Cannulation for Difficult Anterior Cerebral Artery Access
Authors: Naragum Varun , AbdalKader Mohamad , Nguyen Thanh N. , Norbash Alexander
Published: November 2017

The anterior communicating artery is a common location for intracranial aneurysms. Compared to surgical clipping, endovascular coiling has been shown to improve outcomes for patients with ruptured aneurysms and we have seen a paradigm shift favoring this technique for treating aneurysms. Access to the anterior cerebral artery can be challenging, especially in patients with tortuous anatomy or subarachnoid hemorrhage or in patients presenting with vasospasm. We present a technique for cannulating the anterior cerebral artery using a balloon inflated in the proximal middle cerebral artery as a rebound surface.
Novel Homozygous Missense Mutation in RYR1 Leads to Severe Congenital Ptosis, Ophthalmoplegia, and Scoliosis in the Absence of Myopathy
Authors: Dilaver Nafi , Mazaheri Neda , Maroofian Reza , Zeighami Jawaher , Seifi Tahere , Zamani Mina , Sedaghat Alireza , Shariati Gholam Reza , Galehdari Hamid
Published: November 2017

Ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) is an intracellular calcium receptor primarily expressed in skeletal muscle with a role in excitation contraction. Both dominant and recessive mutations in the RYR1 gene cause a range of RYR1-related myopathies and/or susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia (MH) . Recently, an atypical manifestation of ptosis, variably presenting with ophthalmoplegia, facial paralysis, and scoliosis but without significant muscle weakness, has been reported in 9 cases from 4 families with bialleic variants in RYR1. Two affected children from a consanguineous family with severe congenital ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, scoliosis, and distinctive long faces but without skeletal myopathy were studied. To identify the cause of the hereditary condition, DNA from the proband was subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES). WES revealed a novel homozygous missense variant in RYR1 (c.14066T>A; p.IIe4689Asn), which segregated within the family. Although the phenotype of the affected siblings in this study was similar to previously described cases, the clinical features were more severely expressed. Our findings contribute to the expansion of phenotypes related to RYR1 dysfunction. Additionally, it supports a new RYR1-related clinical presentation without musculoskeletal involvement. It is important that individuals with RYR1 mutations are considered susceptible to MH, as 70% of the MH cases are caused by mutations in the RYR1 gene.
Stroke among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Does Age Matter? A Real-Life Study
Authors: Tiosano Shmuel , Yavne Yarden , Gendelman Omer , Watad Abdulla , Comaneshter Doron , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Cohen Arnon D. , Amital Daniela
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, debilitating autoimmune disease that affects the joints and it is known to be associated with cardiovascular morbidity. However, the association between RA and stroke among different age groups has not been explored. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between RA and stroke in different age strata. Methods: Cross-sectional study, utilizing the database of Israel’s largest healthcare provider. The proportion of stroke was compared between patients diagnosed with RA and age- and gender-matched controls. The study sample was divided into 2 age groups: young (≤65 years) and elderly (>65 years). Multivariable analysis was performed using logistic regression. Results: The study included 11,782 RA patients and 57,973 age- and gender-matched controls. RA patients, primarily young, had more cardiovascular risk factors than controls. Stroke rates were significantly elevated among young RA patients in comparison with controls (3.74 vs. 2.20%, respectively, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, RA was found to be independently associated with stroke (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.09–1.28). Conclusion: RA is independently associated with stroke, especially among RA patients under 65 years, for whom cardiovascular risk factors were more prominent. Physicians should advise RA patients to manage their risk factors strictly.
Value of Intraoperative Cytological and Pathological Sentinel Lymph Node Diagnosis in Fertility-Sparing Trachelectomy for Early-Stage Cervical Cancer
Authors: Sonoda Kenzo , Yahata Hideaki , Okugawa Kaoru , Kaneki Eisuke , Ohgami Tatsuhiro , Yasunaga Masafumi , Baba Shingo , Oda Yoshinao , Honda Hiroshi , Kato Kiyoko
Published: November 2017

Background and Objectives: Trachelectomy, a fertility-sparing surgery for early-stage cervical cancer, can be performed only when there is no extrauterine extension present. Therefore, identifying the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) and using them to obtain an intraoperative pathologic diagnosis can provide information on the feasibility and safety of trachelectomy. Our aim was to assess the value of an intraoperative SLN diagnosis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the accuracy of intraoperative imprint cytology and frozen-section examination in 201 patients at our institution in whom trachelectomy was planned. Results: All patients could be evaluated for SLNs; a total of 610 SLNs were analyzed. Although the specificity of both imprint cytology and frozen-section examination was 100.0%, the sensitivity was only 58.6 and 65.5%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity was higher in 2-mm slices along the short axis than on bisection along the longitudinal axis. Imprint cytology correctly diagnosed 2 patients who had false-negative results on frozen section. The nature of the metastatic foci that caused an intraoperative false-negative diagnosis was either micrometastasis or isolated tumor cells. Conclusions: The accuracy of intraoperative SLN diagnosis requires improvement, especially when small metastatic foci are present.
Saturated Fat Intake Is Related to Heart Rate Variability in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Graff Scheila K. , Mario Fernanda M. , Magalhães Jose A. , Moraes Ruy S. , Spritzer Poli Mara
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: There is a heightened risk for cardiovascular diseases in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Alterations in heart rate variability (HRV) may reflect subclinical cardiovascular disease, with a putative association between HRV and dietary fat. This study evaluated HRV in PCOS and control women based on the dietary intake of saturated fatty acid (SFA). Methods: Biochemical/hormonal profile, resting metabolic rate, physical activity, HRV in response to the Stroop test, and dietary intake were assessed in 84 PCOS and 54 control women stratified by median SFA intake in the PCOS group (8.5% of daily energy intake). Results: Body mass index (p = 0.041), blood pressure (p < 0.01), and HOMA-IR (p = 0.003) were higher in PCOS vs. controls. PCOS women had higher testosterone (p = 0.001), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (p = 0.012), and free androgen index (p = 0.001), and lower sex hormone-binding globulin levels than controls (p = 0.001). In both groups, the clinical profile and calorie intake were similar between SFA categories. In PCOS, testosterone was lower when SFA intake <8.5%. PCOS women with SFA <8.5% consumed more beans, fruits, and vegetables and had better frequency and time domain HRV indices. No differences in HRV were detected between SFA categories in controls. In PCOS, age and SFA intake were independent predictors of HRV. Conclusions: Lower SFA intake is related to improved cardiovascular autonomic function in PCOS.
Serum Transaminase Concentrations and the Presence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Are Associated with Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Concentrations in Adolescent Girls Who Are Overweight and Obese
Authors: Khayyatzadeh Sayyed Saeid  , Vatanparast Hassanali , Avan Amir , Bagherniya Mohammad  , Bahrami Afsane  , Kiani Mohammad Ali  , Bahrami-Taghanaki Hamidreza  , Ferns Gordon A. , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Vitamin D deficiency has become endemic globally and its etiology is complex. Few studies have investigated the determinants of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH D). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between lifestyle patterns, liver functional tests (LFTs), and the presence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with serum 25-OH D in apparently healthy girls. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken in 965 adolescent girls aged 12–18 years. IBS was diagnosed using the Rome III questionnaire. An electrochemiluminescence method was used to measure serum 25-OH D. LFTs were measured using commercial kits and an auto analyzer. Linear regression and univariate analyses were performed to determine the association between continuous and categorical variables with serum 25-OH D respectively. Results: Serum 25-OH D was significantly higher in normal weight subjects compared to either overweight or obese subjects (9.5 ± 7.02 vs. 7.9 ± 5.7 ng/mL, p = 0.03). Physical activity level was positively associated with serum 25-OH D in overweight and obese subjects (β = 0.15, p < 0.05). An inverse relationship was found between the presence of IBS and 25-OH D in both normal (β = –1.95, p < 0.05), overweight and obese subjects (β = –1.83, p < 0.05). Serum alanine transaminase (ALT; β = –0.19, p < 0.05) and aspartate transaminase (β = –0.17, p < 0.05) were inversely associated with serum 25-OH in overweight and obese subjects. Conclusions: Individuals with IBS had significantly lower serum 25-OH D concentrations. In addition, there was an inverse association between serum ALT and 25-OH D. Prospective studies, and perhaps interventional trials, will be required to clarify these associations.
How to treat scientific problem: practical rules
Authors: Amadio Alberto Carlos
Published: November 2017

No presente trabalho são discutidas regras práticas do processo da investigação científica aplicadas aos procedimentos experimentais. Definese a Pesquisa como uma forma de trabalho científico no universo da Ciência e esta por sua vez constitui-se numa atividade sistêmica e metodológica onde buscam-se soluções, a partir de problemas que se formularam. Apresenta-se algumas fontes de Documentação e Informação úteis para o serviço de Pesquisa e Recuperação da Informação da Literatura. Ao final apresenta-se ainda uma relação de Periódicos de Educação Física e Esportes publicados em língua portuguesa
O movimento humano
Authors: Barbanti Valdir
Published: November 2017

A descrição da natureza do movimento humano revela sua complexidade desde os primeiros momentos da vida. O homem na sua constante batalha com o meio ambiente é o mais despreparado para se locomover, porém é a única criatura que conseguiu se adaptar a todos os ambientes. O comportamento do movimento humano depende de características genéticas e de fatores só­ cio-culturais. Um comportamento do movimento particular, o esportivo, depende de cadeias ciné­ ticas e cadeias de freios que se alternam a cada mudança de posição no espaço. A compreensão dessas cadeias cinéticas traz como conseqüência diretrizes para treinar a efetividade dos movimentos
Critérios para grupamento de indivíduos em competições durante a puberdade
Authors: Hegg Raymond Victor
Published: November 2017

No Brasil o grupamento para competições desportivas baseia-se exclusivamente em idade cronológica, situando na mesma categoria indiví­duos em diferentes estágios maturacionais. Durante o período pubertário, sugere-se que o crité­ rio cronológico seja alterado classificando os competidores em 3 grupos, em função de idade fisiológica em Pré-Púberes, Púberes e Pós-Púberes. Tal critério possibilitada confrontos mais equilibrados tendo em vista a homogeneidade fisiológica dos grupos
Spots psychology. Practical intervetion
Authors: Samulski Dietmar
Published: November 2017

A intervenção psicológica é discutida na prática esportiva, por exemplo, no esporte escolar e de rendimento, podendo ser realizada através de determinados programas psicológicos de treinamento assim como através de medidas psicoló­gicas. São esclarecidas as formas de interven­ ção, treinamento, acompanhamento psicológico ("Coaching”) e aconselhamento psicológico ("Counselling”)
Contribuição para estudo e interpretação das regras de judô
Authors: Calleja Carlos Catalano
Published: November 2017

Com o objetivo de estudar as normas dos combates de Judô, desde os primórdios, particulrmente após a sua transformação em esporte internacional, procurou-se analisar histórica e tecnicamente as sucessivas modificações sofridas pelas regras de competição. Constatou-se que as alterações foram idealizadas no sentido de facilitar o entendimento das lutas pelo público leigo, contribuindo para a difusão do Judô e procurando tornar os combates mais dinâmicos, com avaliação das técnicas durante a luta, propiciando decisões finais, muito mais justas. Verificou-se que as seguidas modificações, ocorridas principalmente nos anos setenta, contribuí­ ram decididamente para a efetiva elevação desse esporte como modalidade olímpica. Apurou-se que ainda existem algumas lacunas que podem gerar má interpretação, motivo pelo qual o texto das regras mereceu uma revisão. Comprovou-se que os assuntos tratados pelas Regras Internacionais de Judô não seguem uma ordem racional e que, para efeito de estudo e facilidade de entendimento, sugeriu-se a compactação dos 41 artigos em apenas sete grupos de assuntos, por apresentarem características intimamente relacionadas
Tempo de resistência em esteira: atletismo
Authors: Kiss Maria Augusta P. D. Molin , Vallejo Cuellar Lisímaco , Machida Junko , Carvalho Paulo Roberto De , Rodrigues Rubens Lombardi
Published: November 2017

O acompanhamento de treinamento tem sido feito principalmente pela evolução do consumo máximo de oxigênio; contudo ele tem se mostrado insuficiente, pois depois de algum tempo ele se estabiliza mas o desempenho ainda melhora. Com finalidade de seguir esportistas de nível paulista e/ou brasileiro, por várias temporadas, experimentamos testes de tempo de resistência a diferentes velocidades, de acordo com os melhores tempos de competições de corridas em pista. Foram estudados 3 grupos de sexo masculino G l (n=3). arremessadores, examinados a velocidade de 15,6 km/h; G II (n~5) fundistas, examinados a velocidade de 18 km/h e G III (n—5) velocistas, velocidade de 21,6 km/h; o grupo G IV (n -8 ), velocidade 16,8 km/h. A evolução VOp máx. do primeiro grupo foi significativa, o que não não ocorreu nos demais; houve aumento do tempo de resistência em esteira entre a primeira e a terceira época de medida em todos os subgrupos
Preferências de prática esportiva dos estudantes do 1º grau nível II e 2º grau
Authors: Massucato José Geraldo
Published: November 2017

Procurou-se verificar a preferência de jovens, na faixa etária de 10 a 18 anos, para a prática esportiva extra classe. A amostra foi representada por 468 jovens, de ambos os sexos, divididos em quatro grupos, nas seguintes faixas etárias: 10-12 anos, 13-14 anos, 15-16 anose 17-18 anos. Os mesmos foram acompanhados durante dois anos e inquiridos sobre a modalidade esportiva que praticavam regularmente, no mínimo duas vezes por semana, e cerca de duas horas fora das atividades regulares de Educação Física na Escola. Foram incluídas as seguintes modalidades esportivas: basquetebol, natação, voleibol, futebol de salão, judô, tênis, ginástica, handebol e futebol de campo. As preferências foram bem diversificadas, segundo as várias faixas etárias, destacando-se o futebol de salão, a natação, o voleibol, a ginástica, o basquetebol, inclusive em determinada idade, um grande número de pessoas que não praticavam nenhuma atividade esportiva
Implicações médico-esportivas das fraturas do planalto tibial
Authors: Rodrigues Rubens Lombardi
Published: November 2017

Através do estudo de 76 casos de fraturas do ptanaito tíbiaf coletados no Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo verificou-se que 34,20% das fraturas supracitadas eram laterais mistas, e que outros 25% destas fraturas eram bituberositárias mistas; predominando portanto as fraturas mistas sobre os demais tipos, embora a$ fraturas iaterais com afundamento também tivessem locai de destaque, ainda que em número inferior as já acima citadas, com 15,78%
"A criança e o brinquedo: uma relação importante"
Authors: Barbant Eliane Jany
Published: November 2017

O propósito deste trabalho é investigar a importância do brinquedo no desenvolvimento infantil do ponto de vista funcional, psicosocial e social. Verifica-se que através do brinquedo, mais do que outra atividade, a criança aprende a manipular e a controlar seus objetos. Lida com problemas psicológicos quando desempenha nos brinquedos as dificuldades que encontrou na realidade e aprende sobre relações sociais, quando começa a entender que deve ajustar-se aos outros se quiser compartilhar seus brinquedos. Há um consenso de que o brinquedo é um meio de preparar a criança para ocupa­ ções futuras. Esta abordagem é ilustrada através da Análise Cross-Cultural dos jogos e o Conflito de Aculturamento dentro dos Aspectos sociais dos jogos e brincadeiras
Bilateral transfer of learning: what is transfered?
Authors: Teixeira Luis Augusto
Published: November 2017

A prática de uma tarefa com um membro tem demonstrado ser um elemento importante na aprendizagem e desempenho do outro membro do executante (transferência inter-membros) em tarefas onde há predominância de aspectos cognitivos. Entretanto existe pouca evidência de que aspectos variantes relacionados ao controle motor possam ser transferidos. Esse estudo teve como propósito investigar se a precisão na especificação de um parâmetro de programação motora (força inicial) pode ser transferido de um membro ao outro, e se há assimetria nesse processo de transferência. A análise dos resultados não indicou qualquer diferença na comparação entre os grupos, mostrando apenas uma melhora de desempenho durante a etapa de transferência. Esses achados são discutidos em função dos aspectos aprendidos que parecem ser transferidos de um membro para o outro, além de aspectos metodológicos relacionados à investigação desse fenômeno
Motivation, physical education and sport
Authors: Winterstein Pedro José
Published: November 2017

Um dos mais importantes aspectos na aprendizagem é o motivacional. Neste trabalho o autor procura dar uma visão geral dos processos de motivação com ênfase no Motivo de Realização, responsável pelo desencadeamento de ações com caráter de rendimento. São apresentados os principais componentes do processo: Nível de Aspiração, Atribuição e Norma de Referência. Ao final são sugeridas algumas estratégias para o fomento do Motivo de Realização em aulas de Educação Física
The relationships between intensity and duration of activities in a basketball game and aerobic and anaerobic capacities: study of blood lactate
Authors: Kokubun Eduardo , Daniel J. F.
Published: November 2017

Os esportes com bola se caracterizam pela alternância de períodos de atividades de curta duração e alta intensidade intercalados com períodos de recuperação. Neste tipo de exercício, o metabolismo anaeróbico é considerado predominante, porém, o seu grau de solicitação depende da distribuição dessas atividades ao longo da partida. Com o propósito de caracterizar o perfil da atividade e a relação com o metabolismo predominante em partida, jogadores de uma equipe de basquetebol foram submetidos a teste de campo para avaliação do condicionamento anaeróbico (5 x 30 m em velocidade máxima com 1 minuto de pausa) e aeróbico (limiar de lactato, 4 mM em 3 x 1200 m progressivos). Em três partidas foram determinados o lactato sangüíneo, e através de videotape, a distribuição da duração de atividades de alta e baixa intensidade. Durante as partidas o lactato sangüíneo atingiu valores de 2,68 — 1,30 mM, e foi significativamente correlacionado (p < 0,05) com a duração das atividades de baixa intensidade e longa duração (superior a 3") (63,4 — 3,5 %, r = -0,451), alta intensidade e curta duração (inferior a 3”) (11,2 - 1,4 %, r = 0,477) e alta intensidade e longa duração (10,4 —1,1 %, r = 0,900). Houve correlação significativa também entre o lactato médio em partida com o tempo médio (4,28 — 0,24 s, r = -0,758) e lactato (5,15 - 1,42 mM, r = 0,645) nos tiros de 30 m. Esses resultados indicam que durante a partida de basquetebol há predominância do metabolismo anaeróbico alático e que nos períodos de interrupção do jogo, há possibilidade de remoção do lactato circulante
Theoretical considerations of tactics in team sports
Authors: Greco Pablo Juan , Chagas Mauro Heleno
Published: November 2017

Iniciando com uma sucinta apresentação dos componentes do rendimento esportivo, o artigo objetiva a descrição e análise dos aspectos teóricos da tática nos esportes coletivos. Apresenta-se uma classificação dos esportes baseada nos parâmetros de: a) sistematização das ações; b) tipo de participação; c) características do esporte em relação à presença ou não de contato pessoal. Isto conduz a uma hierarquização do componente tático em cada uma das modalidades esportivas, caracterizando as altas exigências em relação a esta capacidade nos jogos esportivos coletivos. A descrição da estrutura de desenvolvimento dos jogos esportivos coletivos precede a uma análise das características dos mesmos. A descrição, assim como a análise facilitam o entendimento do significado das diferentes definições do termo tática e a divisão metodológica em relação a característica e função. A seguir são apresentadas definições de tática individual, grupai e coletiva. Aborda-se os conteúdos teóricos abrangidos pelas capacidades táticas gerais, sua direta influência sob os princípios táticos e a forma na qual estes refletem na prática, na ação e comportamento do atleta no treinamento e competição
Personal characteristics of top level team coach perceived by his athletes
Authors: Simões Antônio Carlos , Villaça Ana Cristina , Gagliardi João
Published: November 2017

O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo identificar as caracaterísticas comportamentais de um técnico de equipe de handebol do mais alto nível técnico do Brasil, perante três dimensões: postura profissional, execução de tarefas e relação social. Os dados foram coletados utilizando o Questionário de Avaliação do Técnico " QA.T." Lakehead University Thunder Bay/Ontário/Canadá. Os resultados obtidos realçaram um imediato "feedback" sobre a "performance" pessoal do técnico no que diz respeito a percepção real dos atletas. Concluiu-se, que os atletas consideraram a "Postura Profissional" como a mais importante característica pessoal do técnico no processo das relações intercomportamentais
Physical fitness theoretical aspects
Authors: Böhme Maria Tereza Silveira
Published: November 2017

Este trabalho tem por objetivo fornecer subsídios teóricos sobre as conceituações e os componentes da aptidão física. A partir de uma visão holística da aptidão física como parte integrante da aptidão total, são abordados o significado etmológico e os aspectos históricos da mesma, seguido de uma descrição das diferentes conceituações com os respectivos componentes da aptidão física, segundo os autores da área; em terceiro lugar é feita uma comparação entre as conceituações apresentadas. No final é apresentada uma conclusão do trabalho onde procurou-se relacionar os diferentes aspectos abordados
Ice and traumatic injuries in sports
Authors: Rodrigues Rubens Lombardi , Pedrinelli André
Published: November 2017

O uso do gelo nas afecções traumáticas é uma modalidade terapêutica utilíssima, particularmente nas lesões músculo-esqueléticas. Entretanto, se aplicado de forma incorreta, sem conhecimento dos fenômenos neuro-fisiológicos, musculares e vasculares, assim como das diferentes formas de aplicações, poderá também trazer conseqüências desagradáveis, muitas vezes irreversíveis. Segundo vários autores, o gelo picado, em saco plástico, parece evidenciar maior eficiência, e o tempo de aplicação aconselhável é de 15 a 20 minutos, após o que ocorrerá vasodilatação reflexa local. Cada aplicação pode ser repetida após 20 minutos de intervalo. Trata-se de um campo aberto para novas investigações, que devem por sua vez, ser mais esclarecedoras