bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrés postraumático en menores nepalíes y españoles: Un estudio comparativo.
Authors: Checa Silvia , Alcántara Mavi , Fernández Visitación , Martínez Antonia , Castro Maravillas , López-Soler Concepción
Published: December 2020

La exposición a eventos potencialmente traumáticos en Nepal constituye el punto de partida en la evaluación de la sintomatología asociada entre los menores nepalíes, especialmente aquellos en situación de orfandad. Conocer la prevalencia del Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (TEPT) en función de la tutela, y establecer comparaciones con población occidental como la española, permitiría delimitar las implicaciones intrafamiliares y socioculturales en el trauma infantojuvenil, valorando a su vez la conveniencia de sensibilizar los criterios diagnósticos. Con una muestra de 88 participantes con edades entre los 11 y los 14 años empleamos la Child Posttraumatic Symptom Scale (CPSS), aplicando tanto criterios DSM-5 generales como criterios alternativos adaptados a la infancia. Los resultados mostraron una mayor prevalencia de TEPT en población general nepalí (46.7%) con respecto a la muestra de tutelados (11.1%), reduciéndose significativamente en el grupo de menores españoles (6.1%), según criterios DSM-5 generales. Al utilizar criterios alternativos, observamos un aumento en la prevalencia, alcanzando el 73.3%, 22.2% y 14.3% respectivamente. Estos datos permitieron valorar los factores de protección en el orfanato frente al entorno intrafamiliar del grupo control, así como apreciar las variables socioculturales en ambos países, apoyando la mayor sensibilidad de criterios alternativos en el diagnóstico de TEPT infantojuvenil.
The Palestinian Terrestrial Vertebrate Fauna Preserved at the Biology Exhibitions of the Universities of the Gaza Strip
Authors: N. Abd Rabou Abdel Fattah , Musallam Nour J , Musallam Eman J , Elkahlout Kamal E , Elnabris Kamal J , El-Bashiti Tarek A , Abdel Aziz Ismail I , Ishneiwra Reham M , Radwan Eqbal S , Saada Hana S , Shafei Ashraf A , Fayyad Nedal A , Mwafy Saleh N , Abu Amra Huda E , Abu Alajeen Ramy A , Abu Owda Mohammed F , Alfarra Randa N , Hassouna Haifaa A , Hassouna Reem A , Al-Agha Mohammed R , Abd Rabou Mohammed A
Published: December 2020

The Gaza Strip (365 km2 ) of Palestine (27,000 km2 ) is home to a wealth of terrestrial vertebrate fauna. Some of these faunistic species find their ways to preservation at the local universities. Hence, the current study comes to document the Palestinian terrestrial vertebrate fauna acquired by the biology exhibitions (BEs) of Al-Azhar University, Islamic University of Gaza and Al-Aqsa University that are located at the Gaza City of the Gaza Strip. The amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals preserved at BEs of the universities in question were surveyed and scientifically classified during a three-month period extending from January to March, 2012. The study showed that all BEs of local universities are underdeveloped, lacking attention and suffer from specimen scarcity and good preservation. The BE at Al-Azhar University is the best in the arrangement and preservation of bird specimens. A total number of 200 specimens belonging to 54 terrestrial vertebrate fauna species, 39 families and 17 orders was recorded at BEs. Reptiles constituted 40.7% of the total species recorded, followed by birds (38.9%), mammals (14.8%) and amphibians (5.6%). The Islamic University of Gaza was considered the best in terms of the number of preserved species (39.8%), followed by Al-Azhar University (36.3%) and Al-Aqsa University (23.9%). The Common Toad (Bufo viridis) was the most preserved among the amphibian species recorded. Squamata was the biggest reptilian order, comprising 20 species (8 lizards and 12 snakes), with the Syrian Black Snake (Coluber jugularis asianus) was the commonest. The Palestine Viper (Vipera palaestinae) is endemic to Palestine and most venomous and dangerous to human health. The Great White Pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus) was the largest Palestinian bird preserved at BE of Al-Azhar University. The Egyptian Mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) and the Common Badger (Meles meles) were the biggest mammalian specimens preserved, while the Palestine Mole-rat (Spalax leucodon ehrenbergi) was the only Palestine endemic species encountered among the preserved mammals. Finally, the improvement of BEs of local universities and the construction of a Central Museum of Natural History is highly recommended in order to change the Palestinians’ attitudes toward a sustainable ecological conservation in the Gaza Strip.
Menjaga Pintu Gerbang Negara Melalui Pembatasan Kunjungan Warga Negara Asing Dalam Mencegah Penyebaran COVID-19
Authors: Kusumawardani Desinta Wahyu
Published: December 2020

Pada Desember 2019, Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) pertama kali teridentifikasi di Kota Wuhan, Tiongkok dan dengan cepat menyebar ke berbagai negara. Menyadari bahwa perjalanan orang masuk/keluar negara potensial menjadi carrier bagi Covid-19, Kementerian Hukum dan HAM Republik Indonesia (Kemenkumham) melalui Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi (Ditjen Imigrasi) mengambil kebijakan regulatif sebagai upaya pencegahan penyebaran virus. Jurnal ini menjelaskan mengenai strategi kebijakan yang dilakukan oleh Kemenkumham dalam merespon upaya pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19. Secara lebih mendalam, melalui perspektif kebijakan publik, penulis menganalisis Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan HAM (Permenkumham) Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pelarangan Sementara Orang Asing Masuk Wilayah Republik Indonesia. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi data sekunder berupa buku, dokumen, dan catatan peristiwa. Berdasarkan hasil studi, dinamika strategi kebijakan melibatkan tiga penerbitan Peraturan Menteri Kemenkumham (Permenkumham) yakni Permenkumham Nomor 3, 7, dan 8 Tahun 2020. Strategi kebijakan tersebut efektif menurunkan angka perjalanan orang dari/ke luar negeri. Selanjutnya, melalui Permenkumham Nomor 11 Tahun 2020, Kemenkumham kembali meregulasi pembatasan pergerakan orang dengan pengecualian demi kepentingan proyek strategis nasional. Kebijakan ini memungkinkan adanya pergerakan orang dari/ke luar negeri. Pandemi Covid-19 menjadi pembelajaran bagi pemerintah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan deteksi dini terhadap potensi bencana nonalam, dan menerapkan kebijakan yang tepat sebagai upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan virus.
Wettability, Thermal Stability, and Antibacterial Properties of Polycaprolactone /ZnO Nanocomposites in Packaging
Authors: Obaid Ali N. , Ali Nadia
Published: December 2020

Polycaprolactone is one of the natural biodegradable polymers mainly used in bioplastics production for packaging, usually composed of non-toxic compounds and biodegradable. The aim was to examine the role of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanopowder on the,wettability , thermal and anti-bacterial effect nanocomposites.  Pure PCL and PCL-based bio- nanocomposites doped with various ratios of ZnO nanoparticles from 0% to 5wt% were prepared through the arrangement of throwing procedure.  The results show that wettability properties in relation to ideal PCL and that they were increasingly hydrophobic from 57º.8 to 69º.53 because add ZnO  nanocomposites,the thermal stability between 300 and 400 ° C makes them perfect for the application of food packaging application. Also, anti-bacterial screening against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, which was highly variable and evident in comrades, was compared with PCL.
Optical and Electrical Properties of Glass/Graphene Oxide Thin Films
Authors: Abdul Hussein Adi Mahmood , Abdullah Sallal Abdulhadi , RASHEED Mohammed , Zamel Rafid Sabbar
Published: December 2020

The study effect Graphene on optical and electrical properties of glass prepared on glass substrates using sol–gel dip-coating technique. The deposited film of about (60-100±5%) nm thick. Optical and electrical properties of the films were studied under different preparation conditions, such as graphene concentration of 2, 4, 6 and 8 wt%. The results show that the optical band gap for glass-graphene films decreasing after adding the graphene. Calculated optical constants, such as transmittance, extinction coefficient are changing after adding graphene. The structural morphology and composition of elements for the samples have been demonstrated using SEM and EDX. The electrical properties of films include DC electrical conductivity; we found an increasing in current as graphene concentration increases.
27 MAYIS 1960 DARBESİNİN EĞİTİM HAYATINA ETKİLERİ
Authors: KILIÇ Aziz
Published: December 2020

Türkiye’nin siyasal ve toplumsal yaşamında yarattığı sarsıntılar ve gelecek yıllara olan etkisi bakımından 27 Mayıs 1960 darbesi yakın tarihin en önemli olaylarından biridir. Bu süreçte darbenin sarsıcı etkilerine eğitim hayatı da maruz kalmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada 27 Mayıs 1960 askerî darbesi sonucunda ortaya çıkan askerî rejimin eylemleriyle, oluşturduğu politikalarla ve yasal düzenlemeleriyle eğitim hayatını ne şekilde etkilediği ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla, bahsi geçen askerî darbe döneminde eğitim hayatına yönelik yasal düzenlemeler incelenmiş; bu askeri rejimin oluşturduğu temel politikalar, gerçekleştirdiği uygulamalar, tercih ettiği ideolojiler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Böylece askerî rejimin sivil hükümetlerden farklı olarak eğitim sisteminde ve kültürel yaşam pratiklerinde meydana getirdiği değişim ve dönüşümler konusunda bazı sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Ülkedeki eğitim sisteminin ve toplumun eğitim seviyesinin gelişmeye muhtaç durumu karşısında askerî rejim iki yönlü hareket etmiştir. İlk olarak 27 Mayıs’ın meşruiyetini sağlamak için on yıllardır bir türlü çözülemeyen eğitim hayatının sorunlarının tamamını DP iktidarına mal etmek suretiyle propaganda malzemesi yapmış ve eğitim kurumlarında bir dizi kısır darbeci eylem gerçekleştirmiştir. İkincisi ise eğitim sisteminin karşı karşıya bulunduğu sorunlara bazı geçici çözümler üretmeye çalışmıştır.
Mren-i Karabağ/Ağca-Kala(k)
Authors: TOKSOY Ahmet
Published: December 2020

Mren-i Karabağ’ın Doğu Roma’nın hâkimiyetine ne zaman girdiği bilinmemektedir. Fakat VII. yüzyılın ortalarına doğru imparator Herakleios döneminde Doğu Roma’nın hâkimiyet sınırları içinde yer aldığını görülmektedir. Mren’in genel olarak tarihine baktığımız zaman yanı başındaki Kars ve Anı ile hemen hemen aynı tarihi seyre sahip olduğu gibi aynı kaderi de paylaştığını görmekteyiz. Dandanakan zaferinden sonra Selçuklu Kutalmış, Türk-Bizans mücadelesinde göze çarptı. Tuğrul Bey’in emri ile Azerbaycan’ın fethine memur edildi. Bu arada yaptığı başarılı akınlarda bölgeyi Türk hâkimiyeti altına soktu. Kutalmış bu zaferden biraz sonra 1054’te Kars üzerine yürüdü. 6-8 Ocak 1054’te burayı ele geçirdi. Zaferden sonra Mren üzerinden geriye dönerken burayı ele geçirerek konakladı. Selçukluların Azerbaycan’daki üssü durumundaki Arran’dan harekete geçen Selçuklu orduları Erzurum bölgesinden geçerek Erzincan’a doğru ilerleyerek ele geçirdiler. Arkasından Kemah ve Malatya yörelerine kadar akınını devam ettirerek bölgeyi hâkimiyet altına aldılar. Selçuklu kuvvetleri önce Sivas ve ardından da Şark-i Karahisar’ı ele geçirdiler. Selçuklu tahtına geçen Alp Arslan, çok geçmeden Nahcivan’a gelen Sultan, Aras nehrini teknelerden oluşturulan köprüden geçtikten sonra ordusunu ikiye ayırdı.
Stalin’s Ghosts, Parasites, and Pandemic: The Roots of the 2020 Uprising in Belarus
Authors: Marples David R.
Published: December 2020

The 2020 presidential election in Belarus was different from previous elections in the independence period. Three candidates emerged from the economic and political elite, and several factors reduced the popularity of the incumbent president Aliaksandr Lukashenka, particularly his so-called Parasite Laws of 2016, his dismissal of Covid-19 as a psychosis, and the destruction of crosses at the Kurapaty memorial site. Though several candidates were barred from running, the campaign of Svjatlana Cichanoŭskaja emerged as a serious challenge, with popular mass rallies and support from the other two major campaign teams. Yet the announced results gave Lukashenka over 80%. The response was the largest mass demonstrations seen in Belarus since the late 1980s, to which the government responded with repressions and arrests. The paper discusses the various analyses of the election results and whether the “national awakening” can herald real political change.
Sanitized Sacrifice in Aramaic Levi’s Law of the Priesthood
Authors: Feldman Liane M.
Published: December 2020

Most studies of the law of the priesthood in Aramaic Levi have focused on comparing its individual laws to those in the Torah/Pentateuch. This article argues that these types of comparisons are anachronistic and obscure the distinctive portrayal of sacrifice in Aramaic Levi. The law of the priesthood does not merely respond to, expand, or revise earlier ideas about sacrifice found in “biblical” texts. Rather, the practice and function of sacrifice in Aramaic Levi is constructed around the deity’s senses of sight and smell. Inasmuch as the law of the priesthood presents a fundamentally different idea of sacrifice than the one presented in Leviticus, it speaks to the continuum of distinct Jewish ideologies of sacrifice in the mid-Second Temple period.
A Prophetic Judgement without Reprieve: The Concepts of Remnant and Law in Amos 3:12
Authors: Boyd Samuel L.
Published: December 2020

Overt statements regarding a remnant are strikingly absent in the book of Amos, leading many scholars to find sentiments therein that might lend credence to Amos’ vision for an Israel that survives judgment. In this paper, I analyze the manner in which Amos 3:12 has functioned in this endeavor to find a remnant of Israel in the book. I argue that no such remnant is in view in Amos 3:12 specifically, nor in the book generally. I examine the rhetorical context of Amos 3:12, as well as the syntactical properties of the verse, which help to underscore the role of divine judgment. I place the verse in the setting of ancient Near Eastern legal culture to show how Amos 3:12 functions in terms of Israelite guilt and punishment relative to divine innocence. Finally, I explore how the reading herein is consistent with the rest of the book of Amos.
Media Digital Literacy Program in Improving Parental Mediation Efficacy with Community Nursing Approach
Authors: Hani Umi , Sonhaji Sonhaji , Anggraini Clara Novita
Published: December 2020

The research started with initial screening by filling out a questionnaire on gadgets usage for elementary students. The treatment group (n=35) enrolled in 4 online meeting sessions with seven respondents per small group. In the same research period, the control group (n=35) enrolled in only one big class session about parental mediation. After the intervention, the sample measured the level of maternal self-efficacy. Univariate statistics determined the respondent's characteristics, parental mediation of the use of gadgets in children, and the mother's self-efficacy in parental mediation before and after the program. The data were not normally distributed using the Shapiro Wilk test. Thus differences in maternal self-efficacy before and after treatment were analyzed using Wilcoxon. Simultaneously, differences in self-efficacy between the treatment group and the control group were analyzed using Mann Whitney. Digital media literacy significantly increased mothers' self-efficacy in mediating the use of gadgets by children (p <0.05)
El derecho a la información y la regulación en el tratamiento de la COVID-19 en los países andinos
Authors: Suing Abel , Carpio-Jiménez Lilia , Ordóñez Kruzkaya
Published: December 2020

Las medidas que los gobiernos andinos dispusieron para menguar los contagios de COVID-19 generan nuevos escenarios entre los ciudadanos. Algunas políticas afectan a los medios de comunicación, al trabajo de los periodistas y alertan sobre posibles abusos al restringirse libertades. Cobra interés el examen de las autoridades de regulación de los países andinos porque, entre otros motivos, es la región latinoamericana donde la pandemia alcanzó rápidamente cifras altas y se desbordaron los sistemas de salud. La metodología es cualitativa de tipo descriptivo y relacional a través de análisis de contenidos a 1) las declaraciones de organizaciones y expertos internacionales, y las disposiciones de los gobiernos, 2) las acciones de reguladores iberoamericanos, y 3) las publicaciones en medios sociales. Las recomendaciones que brindan las instituciones extranjeras coinciden con las premisas que motivaron la creación de los órganos de regulación. Las normas nacionales acogen los debates sobre pluralismo, diversidad y derecho a la comunicación, por lo tanto, no hay ausencias de precedentes jurídicos ni de estructuras públicas. En la construcción de equilibrios entre el control de la pandemia, la recuperación económica y el mantenimiento de las garantías lo urgente es poner en marcha las ordenaciones diseñadas con la participación de los ciudadanos.
Las prácticas de copresencia durante la COVID-19: co-playing en plataformas online
Authors: Pires Fernanda , Vilasís-Pamos Júlia , Alvarez-Cueva Priscila , Anglada-Pujol Ona
Published: December 2020

El co-playing en línea es una práctica de copresencia que conlleva la socialización entre personas ubicadas en distintos lugares físicos y que se ha incrementado durante el período comprendido entre marzo y junio de 2020, durante la crisis sanitaria de la COVID-19. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo entender las prácticas de co-playing en línea durante el confinamiento, en diferentes juegos y plataformas. Para ello, se ha utilizado el método de estudio de caso, con técnicas etnográficas digitales: observación participante y entrevistas semi-estructuradas. El estudio ha identificado tres perfiles de practicantes del co-playing: iniciación, adaptación e intensificación. El primer perfil se caracteriza por haberse iniciado en estas prácticas dentro del contexto del confinamiento; el segundo ha adaptado sus prácticas lúdicas al espacio digital en línea. Mientras que, el tercero, ha incrementado el tiempo y la frecuencia de juego. Los resultados muestran que el co-playing ha permitido generar copresencia, tanto sincrónica como asincrónica, entre pares y, en menor medida, entre familiares. Finalmente, se destaca que la práctica del co-playing durante el confinamiento ha sido una actividad motivada por la búsqueda del bienestar, ya que ha ayudado a fortalecer lazos sociales y a contrarrestar el malestar y los sentimientos negativos producidos por el confinamiento y todas las consecuencias sociales asociadas a la COVID-19
Comunicar en tiempos de crisis en las redes sociales. Estrategias de verificación e intermediación informativa en los casos de Facebook, Instagram y Twitter durante la COVID-19
Authors: Bustos Díaz Javier , Ruiz del Olmo Francisco Javier
Published: December 2020

La crisis sanitaria provocada por el virus conocido como COVID-19 ha representado un reto sin precedentes para nuestra sanidad, economía y también nuestro sistema mediático. En la era de la conectividad, la información juega papel esencial a la hora de ayudar a combatir la pandemia. En este sentido, las redes sociales pueden ayudar a difundir noticias de carácter sanitario o social, pero también se pueden convertir en uno de los mayores transmisores de desinformación, bulos y fake news. El presente trabajo analiza las principales herramientas que han empleado Facebook, Instagram y Twitter para luchar contra estas noticias falsas. Las conclusiones iniciales revelan un acercamiento a estrategias y valores de tratamiento de la información del periodismo clásico, donde las redes sociales actualizan la tradicional figura periodística del GateKeeper, creando filtros para las informaciones potencialmente falsas, así como advirtiendo a los usuarios de las mismas a través de mensajes insertados en la propia publicación, entre otras técnicas.
Performance of 2- Link Robot by utilizing Adaptive Sliding Mode Controller
Authors: Tu'ma Dena Hameed , Hamoudi Ahmed Khalaf
Published: December 2020

The Sliding Mode Control (SMC) has been among powerful control techniques increasingly. Much attention is paid to both theoretical and practical aspects of disciplines due to their distinctive characteristics such as insensitivity to bounded matched uncertainties, reduction of the order of sliding equations of motion, decoupling mechanical systems design. In the current study, two-link robot performance in the Classical SMC is enhanced via Adaptive Sliding Mode Controller (ASMC) despite uncertainty, external disturbance, and coulomb friction. The key idea is abstracted as follows: switching gains are depressed to the low allowable values, resulting in decreased chattering motion and control's efforts of the two-link robot system. Un-known uncertainty bounded and reducing switching gains can be considered major advantages of ASMC leading to outperform ASMC upon CSMC. Simulink MATLAB 2019a was used to obtain the simulation outcomes. The outcomes have shown that both methodologies had good tracking performance to the desired position and made the system asymptotically stable through the steady-state errors investigate approaching zero. ASMC is better than CSMC illustrated by minimizing gains values, control efforts, and chattering for each link.
Algorithm for predicting the duration of congenital pneumonia therapy in term newborns
Authors:   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Klymenko T. M. , Sorokolat Yu. V. ,   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Korovaj S. M. ,   Non-profit municipal enterprise "City perinatal center" of Kharkiv city council, Serdceva O. A. ,   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the results of treatment 102 cases of congenital pneumonia in term infants in order to develop algorithms for predicting the duration of congenital pneumonia in newborns and prevent the development of adverse effects. To develop predictors of the duration of congenital pneumonia, newborns are divided into two alternative groups with a duration of treatment of less than 14 days and more than 15. The nature of anamnestic and paraclinical factors on the duration of congenital pneumonia in children and predictive properties of these factors. It was found that the duration of therapy and, as a consequence, the possible development of adverse effects in newborns are influenced by pathological factors on the part of both mother and child. Significant direct correlation between the duration of congenital pneumonia on the part of the mother was found: colpitis, low- and polyhydramnios, the presence of inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system, acute respiratory diseases suffered by the mother during pregnancy and premature ejaculation amniotic fluid during delivery. Gestational age less than 38 weeks, slowing the growth and development of the newborn, Apgar score at the 5th minute of life less than 6 points, CRP level more than 19 mg / l and bilateral localization of pneumonia according to X-ray examination are neonatal prognostic value for the duration of treatment of congenital pneumonia. Approbation of the prediction algorithm revealed 88,9 % correct, 9,5 % — undefined and 1,6 % — erroneous results, which corresponds to the high (≥ 95 %) reliability of the algorithm and allows its use to predict the duration of the disease and the likelihood of complications of congenital pneumonia.
Determination of the prevalence of helicobacter pylori oral infection in smoking patients with chronic generalized periodontitis on the background of chronic hyperacidal gastritis during treatment
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Zolotukhina O. L. , Romanova Ju. G. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Maslov O. V. ,   Odessa National Medical University
Published: December 2020

Diseases of periodontal tissues occupy one of the leading positions among modern dental problems, namely the multifactorial nature of these diseases. In modern dental science, the issue of the development of periodontal pathology against the background of somatic pathology and risk factors remains relevant. Pathology of periodontal tissues in 68–90 % of cases is accompanied by chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Today, there is no doubt that Helicobacter pylori infection can be present in the biotopes of the oral cavity and can affect the course of periodontal pathology. As you know, smoking is one of the important risk factors for the development of inflammatory-dystrophic diseases of periodontal tissues, which can aggravate the course of the latter. The purpose of the work is to determine the prevalence of oral Helicobacter pylori infection in tobacco-dependent patients with chronic generalized periodontitis on the background of chronic hyperacid gastritis during treatment. Patients who received the proposed therapeutic and prophylactic complex (ultraphonophoresis procedures with the created gel «Apisan», and probiotic drug BioGaia ProDentis and angioprotective drug of natural origin — Detralex) showed a gradual decrease in the level of total urease activity and, as a consequence, a decrease the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the oral cavity according to the results of a urease rapid test with material from the oral cavity, both in the presence of a risk factor — smoking, and in its absence. The use of the proposed therapeutic and prophylactic complex proved to be effective in reducing the prevalence of oral Helicobacter pylori infection in smoking patients and patients who do not smoke, with chronic generalized periodontitis against the background of chronic hyperacidal gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori.
The state of platelet-vascular hemostasis in the preoperative period in the case of preservation with concomitant ischemia human disease
Authors:   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Trofymovych Ye. O.
Published: December 2020

Recently, there has been a clear trend towards progressive population aging of the population both in Ukraine and in the world, which leads to an increase in the number of elderly and senile people. Many of them undergo surgery for various chronic cancers, which is often dangerous due to concomitant age-related pathology, reduced functional reserves and a high risk of perioperative complications. Among the variety of age-related diseases, the leading place is occupied by cardiovascular, first of all, coronary heart disease, which is the main part of concomitant pathology in patients preparing for surgery and is considered as a significant modified risk factor for perioperative complications. We conducted a study of hemocoagulation in 52 patients with concomitant coronary heart disease who were scheduled for abdominal surgery. The rates of platelet aggregation and coagulogram in the preoperative period were evaluated. Types of disorders of platelet-vascular hemostasis, which were associated with the age of patients and the duration of coronary heart disease, were identified. Patients with a longer duration of coronary heart disease and older age have a tendency to disturb primary hemostasis in the form of hyperaggression (18 patients; 35 %) or hypoaggregation (13 patients; 25 %). The coagulogram study revealed compensatory changes associated with impaired platelet aggregation. The importance of complex monitoring of the hemostasis system in these patients in the perioperative period for differentiated correction of established disorders is pointed out.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPA Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Cooperatif Type Make A Match Pada Murid Kelas IV SDN Bayang Kecamatan Tamalate Kota Makassar
Authors: Khaedar Muh , Supardi R , Alam Syamsul
Published: December 2020

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPA Melalui Penarapan Model Pembelajaran Cooperatif Type Make A Match, fokus penelitian Pada Murid Kelas IV SDN Bayang Kecamatan Tamalate Kota Makassar hal ini dibuktikan nilai awal yang didapat siswa sebelum penelitian adalah 20% siswa memperoleh ketuntasan belajar. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran IPA melalui penerapan model pembelajaran cooperatif type make a match pada murid kelas IV SDN Bayang Kecamatan Tamalate Kota Makassar. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan kualitatif dengan rancangan penelitian tindakan. Rancangan penelitian ini di susun dengan satuan siklus secara berdaur ulang berulang meliputi (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) observasi, (4) refleksi. Bentuk pembelajaran yang diyakini dapat meningkatakan kemampuan murid adalah suatu bentuk pembelajaran yang menggunakan model pembelajaran cooperatif type make a match terdiri atas (1) tahap pembangkitan semangat belajar, (2) tahap pambagian kelompok, (3) tahap ekplorasi dengan bertukar pikiran antar sesama siswa dan guru, (4) tahap mengaitkan pembelajaran dengan realitas kenyataan lingkungan siswa (5) tahap kesimpulan (6) tahap penilaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran cooperatif type make a matchyang terdiri dari enam tahap yaitu (1) tahap pembangkitan semangat belajar, (2) tahap pambagian kelompok, (3) tahap ekplorasi dengan bertukar pikiran antar sesama siswa dan guru, (4) tahap mengaitkan pembelajaran dengan realitas kenyataan lingkungan siswa, (5) tahap kesimpulan (6) tahap penilaian.
Yaşlı Bakımında Kültürel Yeterlilik Süreci Modelinin Kullanılması
Authors: Ilgaz Ayşegül
Published: December 2020

Günümüzün çok kültürlü dünyasında yaşlı sayısının artması yaşlı bakımında kültürel yetkinliğin önemini ve yaşlı bakım ihtiyacını artırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda yaşlılara yeterli, etkili ve kaliteli bir bakım sunmak için kültür de göz önüne alınmalıdır. Kültürü dikkate alarak bakım veren sağlık profesyonelleri yaşlı bireylerin davranışlarını yönlendiren kültürel nedenleri ve sağlık hizmetine başvurma nedenlerini değerlendirir. Yaşlı bireyin kültürünü anlayamama; yaşlılar ile iletişim bozukluklarına, tedaviye uyumun azalmasına, bakıma katılmama, bakımı reddetme gibi sorunlara ve sağlık bakımında eşitsizliklere neden olabilir. Kültürlerarası hemşireliğin temelini oluşturan “Kültürel Yeterlilik Süreci Modeli” ile bu bakımı sunmak ve sağlık bakımı sonuçlarını iyileştirmek mümkün olabilir. Bu model ile sağlık profesyonelleri yaşlı bireylerin kültürel yapısını değerlendirerek bu yapıya uygun olarak bakım verme yeteneğini geliştirebilir, yaşlıların kültürünü daha iyi anlayabilir, kültürel olarak yeterli bir bakımı sağlayabilir. Modelin kullanımı ile güvenilir bir ilişkinin kurulması, yaşlının bakıma katılması, sağlık sonuçlarında iyileşme ve yaşam kalitesinin artması mümkün olabilir. Bu derlemenin amacı yaşlı bireylerin bakımında Kültürel Yeterlilik Süreci Modelini açıklamaktır.
En Önemli Miras Anne Mikrobiyotası
Authors: Güdül Öz Hatice , Balcı Yangın Hatice
Published: December 2020

İnsan vücudunda yaşayan mikroorganizmalar veya mikrobiyota tarafından sağlanan gen paketi, insan mikrobiyomu olarak bilinmektedir. Tehlikeli işgalciler olarak düşünülen mikroorganizmaların, temel insan süreçlerinde kritik işlevler sağladığı ve steril kabul edilen birçok vücut sıvısı ve anatomik bölgelerde non-patojen mikroorganizmaların olduğu saptanmıştır. Mikrobiyotaların kolonizasyonu, intrauterin dönemden başlayıp özellikle üç yaşa kadar çeşitliliğini artırarak devam eden bir süreçtir. Bu yüzden intrauterin dönemden itibaren mikrobiyatanın kolonileşmesini etkileyen faktörlerin bilinmesi önemlidir. Bu faktörlerden biri maternal vajinadır. Bozulmuş maternal vajinal mikrobiyota gebelik komplikasyonlarına ve erken doğuma neden olabilmektedir. Ayrıca doğum şeklinin de fetüste mikrobiyata gelişimi üzerinde önemli etkisi vardır. Gebelik ve doğum anında mikrobiyota geçişi, doğum sonrası emzirme ile devam etmektedir.
Gebelik, doğum ve emzirmenin mikrobiyota üzerine etkisinin bilinmesi ve bu süreçlerde sağlıklı mikrobiyota oluşumunu olumsuz etkileyen faktörler konusunda sağlık profesyonellerinin ve anne adaylarının farkındalığının artırılması gerekmektedir. Bu derleme, gebelik süreci, doğum şekli ve anne sütünün, genel sağlık düzeyi üzerine önemli etkileri olan mikrobiyota ekosisteminin oluşumu ve gelişimindeki rollerinin güncel literatür eşliğinde değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Грамоты болгарских царей XIII — XIV вв.
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Добычина Анастасия  Сергеевна
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются уникальные источники светского характера — грамоты болгарских царей XIII–XIV вв. Среди них можно выделить две группы доку-ментов: дарственные и договорные грамоты. К дарственным грамотам относятся Ватопедская грамота царя Ивана Асена II, Виргинская грамота Константина Асеня Тиха, Зографская, Оряховская и «месемврийские» (Несебрские) грамоты царя Ивана Александра, Витошская и Рильская грамоты царя Ивана Шишмана. Договорными актами, связанными с болгарской средневековой торговой деятельностью, являются Дубровницкая грамота Ивана Асена II, Венецианская грамота Ивана Александра и Брашовская грамота видинского правителя Ивана Срацимира.
Статут Великого княжества Литовского
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Лабынцев Юрий Андреевич
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена истории создания и издания Статута Великого княжества Литовского 1588 г. Статут 1588 г. был основным сводом гражданских законов Вели-кого княжества Литовского, Русского и Жемойтского — одного из крупнейших государственных образований в Европе своего времени. Статут 1588 г. действовал вплоть до начала XIX в. и стал самым известным изданием из 5000 книг, изданных в Великом княжестве Литовском за всю его историю.
Первые периодические издания Боснии и Герцеговины
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Мельчакова Ксения Валерьевна
Published: December 2020

В 1865 г. в Сараеве открылась типография и начался выпуск первых газет в Бос-нийском вилайете. В статье идёт речь о периодических изданиях, которые выходили в Боснии и Герцеговине с 1866 по 1878 гг. («Боснийский вестник», «Босния», «Сараевский цветник», «Неретва»).
Болгарский революционный поэт-романтик Христо Ботев
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Смольянинова Марина Геннадиевна
Published: December 2020

В работе речь идет о Христо Ботеве (1848–1876) — известном болгарском революционере, поэте-романтике, публицисте. Он прожил всего 28 лет, но оставил глубокий след не только в истории национально–освободительной борьбы болгар против турецкого ига, но и в истории болгарской и — шире — мировой литературы. Это касается как его гениальной революционно-романтической поэзии, так и его публицистики. Первая и единственно прижизненная книга Ботева «Песни и стихотворения Ботева и Стамболова» была издана 1875 г. в Бухаресте. В ней он опубликовал всего 20 стихотворений, но они принесли ему бессмертие. Поэт прожил недолго. На следующий год, когда болгары восстали против турок, он поспешил им на помощь. Вместе с отрядом около 200 человек он захватил на Дунае австрийский пароход и заставил капитана причалить к болгарскому берегу. Отряд стали преследовать турки, и через три дня поэта сразила пуля турецкого снайпера. Поэзия Ботева принадлежит не только болгарскому народу, но и всему человечеству.
Летописец революционно-освободительной борьбы болгар против турок Захари Стоянов
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Смольянинова Марина Геннадиевна
Published: December 2020

В статье речь ведется о болгарском революционере, писателе и публицисте Захари Стоянове (1850–1889), вошедшем в историю национальной литературы как создатель монументального многотомного труда «Записки о болгарских восстаниях». Участник и очевидец многих революционных событий, он пытался документально восстановить подготовку, ход и разгром Старозагорского (1875) и Апрельского (1876) восстаний болгар против турок. Не надеясь только на собственную память, писатель колесил по стране, опрашивая непосредственных участников этих событий, записывал их рассказы и собирал соответствующие документальные свидетельства. В итоге у болгар появился труд, который приобрел в Болгарии статус своеобразной национальной Библии.
Патриарх болгарской литературы Иван Вазов
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Смольянинова Марина Геннадиевна
Published: December 2020

В статье говорится об Иване Вазове (1850–1921) патриархе болгарской литера-туры, поэте, прозаике, драматурге, одном из создателей современного болгарского литературного языка. Он являлся крупнейшей творческой фигурой эпохи болгарского Национального возрождения и нескольких последующих десятилетий, создателем первого болгарского романа «Под игом», одним из столпов болгарского национального театра. Вазов стал летописцем своей эпохи, по его произведениям можно изучать историю Болгарии, которая при жизни писателя сумела избавиться от пятивекового османского ига благодаря освободительной русско-турецкой войне 1877–1878 гг. Это сделало его русофилом, за что он пострадал от болгарских властей, которые вскоре после освобождения страны заняли прозападную позицию. Творчество Вазова принадлежит не только болгарской, но и мировой литературе. Его произведения переведены на 52 иностранных языка.
Материалы к биографии св. Саввы, архиепископа Сербского
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Турилов Анатолий Аркадьевич
Published: December 2020

В статье освещается биография Саввы Сербского, создателя сербской автокефальной церкви, духовного пастыря и просветителя своего народа. Отвергнув соблазны светской власти, которая должна была ему достаться по наследству от отца — правителя Сербии Стефана Немани, юноша тайно бежал на Афон, принял постриг и со временем стал одним из крупнейших религиозных деятелей на Балканах. Савва выступил как переводчик и писатель, создатель первого для сербов свода церковных и светских законов и дипломат, способный решать сложнейшие политические конфликты.
Юрий Иванович Венелин и его история древних и нынешних болгар
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Фролова Марина Михайловна
Published: December 2020

В статье освещаются жизненный путь и научное творчество зачинателя русской болгаристики Ю.И. Венелина, его деятельность в Обществе истории и древностей российских. Он совершил первую научную командировку в Болгарию, но собранные им материалы были опубликованы лишь после его смерти. Большинство историков (в том числе и знаменитый П.Й. Шафарик) весьма критически отнеслись к сочинению Венелина «Древние и нынешние болгаре в политическом, народописном, историческом и религиозном их отношении к россиянам» (М., 1829). Но для болгарского общества периода национального Возрождения оно имело особую значимость и оказало на него огромное влияние. В настоящее время труды Венелина вновь привлекают внимание, что выражается в их переиздании.
Заблудовское Евангелие 1569 г. — первая печатная книга Ивана Федорова и Петра Мстиславца на Подляшье
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Щавинская Лариса Леонидовна
Published: December 2020

В статье представлена история издания и изучения одного из самых известных в истории славянской старопечатной книжности — Заблудовского Eвангелия 1569 г.
Митрополит Димитрий Ростовский и его многотомный труд «Книга житий святых»
Authors:   Институт славяноведения РАН, Щавинская Лариса Леонидовна
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена творчеству Димитрия, митрополита Ростовского (Димитрия Саввича Туптало) — одного из самых известных славянских писателей конца XVII — начала XVIII в. Он вошел в историю русской литературы как автор многотомного издания «Книги житий святых» (1689–1705). Этот труд был переведен с церковно-славянского языка на многие иностранные языки и стал одним из важных источников духовного чтения для миллионов людей в мире.
Revolver Review: specifics of its appearance and current state
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kozhina Svetlana A.
Published: December 2020

The study describes the process of formation and development among the Czecho-slovak underground one of the most prominent opposition magazines - “Re-volver Revue”. On “Revolver Revue” pages were published reviews, articles and notes about cultural life of the underground, works of unofﬁ cial authors, which allowed the magazine to turn into a platform on which the alternative culture of Czechoslovakia was formed. To assess the role played by this magazine in the Czechoslovak underground, the article describes the unofﬁ cial cultural environ-ment, the ways of its expression both on the pages of the publication in question, and in the framework of self-publishing as a whole.
Individual-based models of cultural evolution. A step-by-step guide using R.
Authors: Acerbi Alberto , Mesoudi Alex , Smolla Marco
Published: December 2020

The field of cultural evolution has emerged in the last few decades as a thriving, interdisciplinary effort to understand cultural change and cultural diversity within an evolutionary framework and using evolutionary tools, concepts and methods. Given its roots in evolutionary biology, much of cultural evolution is grounded in, or inspired by, formal models. Yet many researchers interested in cultural evolution come from backgrounds that lack training in formal models, such as psychology, anthropology or archaeology.The aim of this book is to partly address this gap by showing readers how to create individual-based models (IBMs, also known as agent-based models, or ABMs) of cultural evolution. We provide example code written in the programming language R, which has been widely adopted in the scientific community. We will go from very simple models of the basic processes of cultural evolution, such as biased transmission and cultural mutation, to more advanced topics such as the evolution of social learning, demographic effects, and social network analysis. Where possible we recreate existing models in the literature, so that readers can better understand those existing models, and perhaps even extend them to address questions of their own interest.
PENGANTAR STUDI HADIS TEMATIK
Authors: Lailatulfadilah
Published: December 2020

Artikel ini membahas tentang kajian hadis tematik (mawḍu’i) secara metodologis. Metode mawḍu’i adalah mengumpulkan hadis-hadis yang terkait dengan satu topik atau satu tujuan. Pendekatan tematik dalam pemahaman hadis adalah memahami maksud yang terkandung di dalam hadis dengan cara mempelajari hadis-hadis lain yang terkait dalam topik pembahasan yang sama dan memperhatikan korelasi masing-masingnya sehingga diperoleh pemahaman yang utuh. Langkah-langkah kajian hadis tematik dimulai dari penentuan tema atau masalah yang akan dibahas, pengumpulan hadis-hadis yang terkait dalam satu tema, kategorisasi hadis, I’tibar seluruh sanad hadis, penelitian sanad berupa kepribadian dan kapasitas intelektual perawi, penelitian matan berupa pembuktian ada tidaknya ‘illah (kecacatan) dan syaz (kejanggalan), kajian atas tema-tema yang mengandung arti serupa, perbandingan syarah hadis, melengkapi pembahasan dengan hadis atau ayat pendukung, penyusunan hasil penelitian, dan diakhiri dengan penarikan kesimpulan.
Implikasi Sosial Pernikahan Usia Muda di Kabupaten Bone
Authors: AKHIRUDDIN
Published: December 2020

A young marriage is an inner bond between a man and a woman as a husband and wife for the purpose offorming a family, a happy and eternal household based on the One Supreme Godhead. This study aims todetermine the impact of young marriage. This research type is qualitative decriptive, and determination ofinformant done with Purvosive Sampling, Technique of collecting data using observation, interview anddocumentation. Then analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and verivication. The results of this studyindicate that positive impacts are (1) to avoid free association, (2) lighten the life burden of one party from thefamily, and (3) learn to be responsible to the family and while the negative impact is (1) biologis (risk of pregnancy(2) Psychological (prolonged psychic trauma in the child's soul is difficult to cure) and (3) Sociological (immatureways of thinking that reduce harmonization in the family). (4) Population (population density) of fertile couples.Keywords: Impact, Marriage, Young Age.
Development of Learning Methods through Songs and Movements to Improve Children’s Cognitive and Psychomotor Aspects
Authors: Supartini Tri , Weismann Ivan Thorstein , Wijaya Hengki , Helaluddin Helaluddin
Published: December 2020

Cognitive and psychomotor are two aspects that play an important role in children’s development, especially at the preschool age. This study aims to create and test products in the form of learning methods with song and movement to improve children's cognitive and psychomotor aspects. This research is a research and development using 4D theory from Thiagarajan, Semmel, and Semmel. There are four phases in this research, namely the define phase, product design, product development, and dissemination. Data analysis used in this study was a qualitative and quantitative approach using instruments in the form of questionnaires, product validation sheets, and techniques: (1) qualitative data with content analysis techniques and (2) quantitative data analyzed statistically with the help of SPSS. The results showed that this learning method was proven to have a level of validity, practicality, and effectiveness above the standard to improve children’s cognitive and psychomotor aspects
Pengantar Studi Hadis Tematik
Authors: Nilasari
Published: December 2020

metode mawdhui adalah mengumpulkan hadis-hadis yang terkait dengan satu topik atau satu tujuan. Pendekatan tematik dalam pemahaman hadis adalah memahami maksud yang terkandung didalam hadis dengan cara mempelajari hadis-hadis lain yang terkait dalam topik pembahasanyang sama dan memperhatikan korelasi masing-masingnya sehingga diperoleh pemahamanyang utuh. Langkah-langkah kajian hadis tematik dimulai dari penentuan tema atau masalahyang akan dibahas, pengumpulan hadis-hadis yang terkait dalam satu tema, kategorisasihadis, i‘tibār seluruh sanad hadis, penelitian sanad berupa kepribadian dan kapasitasintelektual perawi, penelitian matan berupa pembuktian ada tidaknya ‘illah (kecacatan) dansyāż (kejanggalan), kajian atas tema-tema yang mengandung arti serupa, perbandingansyarah hadis, melengkapi pembahasan dengan hadis atau ayat pendukung, penyusunan hasil penelitian, dan diakhiri dengan penarikan kesimpulan.
Relasi muslim dan non-muslim
Authors: Miharja Tb M Iqbal
Published: December 2020

Relasi antara Muslim dan Non Muslim, sejarah ini tentang hubungan dengan Nabi Muhammad dan umat Islam dengan kamu Nashrani dan Yahudi. Nyata bahwa Islam mengakui pluralitas agama dan tidak melakukan pemaksaan dalam berdakwah.
DAMPAK PERNIKAHAN USIA MUDA (Studi Kasus Di Desa Mattirowalie Kecamatan Libureng Kabupaten Bone)
Authors: AKHIRUDDIN  , Akhiruddin S.Pd.
Published: December 2020

Early marriage is the argreement of man’s orwonen’s physically and spiritually as husband or wife havinggoal to be family and it based on the God almighty. The studyaims to know effect of the early marriage. The kind of thestudy is qualitative descriptive and to get informant will bedone by purposive sampling, data collection technique usesthe observation, interview and documentation. Then it isanalyzed by reduction data, presentation data andverification data. The results of the study shown that thepositive effect are: 1) to avoid free intercourse, 2) Toenlighten family’s burden, 3) To learn how to responsible forthe family. While the negative effects are 1) Biology (thedamage of the woman’s sexual repreduction). 2) Psychology(long lasting trauma), 3) Sociology (unmature waf of thinkingso that can damage family harmony), 4) Population (densityof population) for couple of childbearing age.
Leadership
Authors: Humaeroh Siti
Published: December 2020

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