bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Steroid-induced Rosacea- A Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Manoj , Agrawal Sudha
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Topical corticosteroids (TC) are useful for treatment of various dermatological conditions in all age groups. Due to its cosmetic application TCs misuse is intertwined with fairness creams in our colour conscious society where people are obsessed with fair colour.

 

Aims and Objectives: To find the clinical presentations of steroid induced rosacea like-dermatitis on the face and to evaluate the purpose behind misusing TCs on the face.

 

Materials and methods: Descriptive prospective questionnaire-type case series study was approved by Institutional Ethical Committee of BPKIHS which involved 205 patients diagnosed as Steroid Induced Rosacea who consulted Dermatology OPD between March to June 2017.

 

Results: Among 205 patients enrolled, majority were from second to fourth decade (87.31%) of their life and maximum being females I.e. 91.2%. Around 97% of the study population were unaware of side effects of TCs. Most patients use Mometasone fuorate (58.04%) for melisma (88.29%). Friends acted as source of prescription (29.75%), followed by Pharmacist (24.88%) & Beauty centers (20%). Dermatologists prescribed TCs in only 6.34% cases. Sun exposure was identified as the triggering factor for steroid induced rosacea in 73.17% patients. Cheek was the commonest site involve in 92.19%, followed by forehead (65.36%), perioral area (46.83%), and chin (9.75%). Mixed type of lesions was the commonest lesion found in 52.20% patients, followed by diffuse facial erythema (36.09%), & telangiectasia (33.17%).

 

Conclusion: TCs misuse in the younger people for the sake of fairer skin with little or no knowledge about the adverse effects of this medication should be stopped.
SINTOMAS DO ENVELHECIMENTO MASCULINO RELACIONADOS À ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E QUALIDADE DE VIDA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Vieira Melissa De Carvalho Souza , Boing Leonessa , Machado Zenite , Guimarães Adriana Coutinho de Azevedo
Published: April 2021

O objetivo desta revisão foi identificar artigos originais que relacionam a sintomatologia do envelhecimento masculino com a qualidade de vida e a atividade física. Esta revisão seguiu as recomendações do Preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-análise (PRISMA). Foram selecionados artigos de bases de dados Medline/PubMed, LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), e das biliotecas eletrônicas SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e Portal Periódicos da Capes, publicados nos últimos dez anos (janeiro de 2003 a fevereiro de 2013), em português, inglês e espanhol. As palavras-chaves utilizadas foram: atividade física, qualidade de vida e andropausa ou sintomas do envelhecimento masculino, presentes no título ou nos resumos dos artigos. Utilizou-se a escala proposta por Downs e Black, para avaliação metodológica dos artigos incluídos na revisão. Identificou-se 233 estudos; 43 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. A maior parte dos estudos foi realizado em países da Europa, para análise das variáveis utilizou-se medidas indiretas como questionários, medidas diretas e coleta sanguínea. Em 18 estudos relatou-se presença de sintomas do envelhecimento masculino; em cinco deles descreveu-se que a qualidade de vida foi afetada pelos sintomas. Apenas três estudos relacionaram a sintomatologia com a atividade física. Os sintomas do envelhecimento masculino podem estar associados a diferentes fatores, influenciando os todos domínios da qualidade de vida dos homens, sendo os sintomas sexuais os mais frequentes, seguidos dos somáticos e psicológicos. Embora a atividade física seja relatada como benéfica neste período, foram encontrados poucos estudos, havendo necessidade de pesquisas que relacionem essas variáveis.
COMPOSIÇÃO CORPORAL E INGESTÃO ALIMENTAR EM JOGADORES AMADORES DE RÚGBI: UMA ANÁLISE POR POSIÇÃO EM CAMPO
Authors: Cândido Rafael Frata , Leite Marco Aurélio Ferreira de Jesus , Nobrega Sheila Bezerra , Andretti Ana Carolina Cantarelli , Mendes Edmar Lacerda
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a composição corporal e ingestão alimentar em jogadores amadores de rúgbi por posicionamento em campo: backs e forwards. Quatorze participantes foram submetidos a medidas de massa corporal, estatura e dobras cutâneas para cálculo do percentual de gordura e massa livre de gordura; para dados da ingestão alimentar foi aplicado o registro alimentar de três dias; os valores nutricionais obtidos foram comparados às recomendações do American College of Sports Medicine e Recommended Dietary Intakes. Normalidade dos dados foi checada pelo teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov e diferenças entre backs e forwards pelo teste t de Student para amostras independentes. Foi adotado p < 0,05 como nível de significância. Forwards apresentaram maior massa corporal (87,25 ± 6,06 kg) e massa livre de gordura (70,97 ± 6,09 kg) em relação aos backs (76,07 ± 5,45 kg; 61,91 ± 6,02 kg; p < 0,05, respectivamente). Não houve diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos para consumo de água, energia, macro e micronutrientes (p > 0,05), com exceção do ácido fólico (p = 0,037). Os jogadores apresentaram consumo inadequado de água (n = 14), carboidratos (n = 14), lipídios (n = 10), gorduras saturadas (n = 14), fibras (n = 11), cálcio (n = 9), fósforo (n = 7), magnésio (n = 14), zinco (n = 11), manganês (n = 13), selênio (n = 14), vitamina A (n = 13), E (n = 9), C (n = 10), tiamina (n = 14), riboflavina (n = 14), niacina (n = 11), ácido pantotênico (n = 8), piridoxina (n = 14) e ácido fólico (n = 13). Embora forwards apresentem maior massa corporal, massa livre de gordura, e consumo de ácido fólico em relação aos backs, a inadequação alimentar ocorreu independente do posicionamento em campo, o que sinaliza para necessidade de aconselhamento profissional.
Morphological improvement after multi-directional cranial distraction osteogenesis procedure for syndromic craniosynostosis
Authors: Kameda Masahiro , Tokuyama Eijiro , Senoo Takaya , Date Isao
Published: April 2021

The multidirectional cranial distraction osteogenesis (MCDO) procedure, which uses an external distraction device, enables tailor-made distraction in an arbitrary direction, eliminating the disadvantage of unidirectional distraction with an internal distraction device. Multiple-suture synostosis cases for syndromic craniosynostosis patients are better indicated for this procedure. Here the authors describe seven cases in which the MCDO procedure was used to treat syndromic craniosynostosis. In each case, the MCDO procedure and postoperative distraction, with reference to midsagittal vector analysis of normal morphology in Japanese children, resulted in morphological improvement.

The video can be found here: https://vimeo.com/519006555
Single incision endoscopic strip craniectomy for sagittal craniosynostosis
Authors: Ahn Edward S. , Bhandarkar Archis R.
Published: April 2021

The authors describe an endoscopic strip craniectomy through a single incision for the treatment of sagittal craniosynostosis in a young infant. The endoscopic strip craniectomy was first introduced with the use of two incisions on either end of the fused suture. This single-incision technique offers several advantages. There is a cosmetic advantage and a reduced risk of wound complications. This technique also allows for early control of emissary veins and an inside-out identification of the lambdoid sutures. Endoscopic visualization is optimized to reduce the risk of blood loss, especially because circulating blood volume is very limited in these young infants.

The video can be found here: https://vimeo.com/514366415
Towards a Global Index of Electoral Justice: International IDEA Discussion Paper 2/2020
Authors: Concha Cantú Hugo A. , Lara Otaola Miguel Ángel , Orozco Henríquez Jesús
Published: April 2021

Globally, a wide variety of indices and indicators evaluate and provide information on different aspects of democracy and electoral procedures. On the one hand, there are indices that measure the quality of democracy and its resilience over time, focusing on building blocks such as the existence of representative governments, civil and political rights and necessary power limits. Other indices evaluate the quality of elections and specific aspects, such as voter registration, campaign financing and the performance of electoral authorities. Finally, others evaluate rule of law and access to justice. However, none of these indices focuses on the dimension of electoral justice, understood as the means and procedural mechanisms that guarantee free and fair elections, carried out in accordance with the law, and that guarantee the exercise and fulfilment of political rights. This is about to change. International IDEA, with the support of the Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judiciary of Mexico, makes an unprecedented proposal for the construction of a Global Index dedicated exclusively to electoral justice. This document includes a measurement proposal with normative design, process and result indicators, which will offer useful and comparative information on the electoral conflict resolution system of a given country or countries. It will provide comparative knowledge on electoral processes and institutions from around the world and assess the quality of their electoral justice.
Trastornos psicocutáneos en Chile. Encuesta a 135 dermatólogos. Comparación 2012 con 2019
Authors: Cullen Roberto , Zemelman Viviana , Calderon Perla , Gubelin Hans , Saavedra Willybaldo , Aranibar Ligia , Muñoz Leoncio
Published: April 2021

Una importante proporción de las patologías cutáneas  está fuertemente influenciada por el estado mental, estas patologías  son conocidas como trastornos psicocutáneos.  Algunos de los más nombrados son la psoriasis, dermatitis atópica, vitiligo, alopecia areata, entre otras. Estudios previos demuestran que los dermatólogos tienen bajo nivel de instrucción formal en esta área, por lo que carecen de herramientas y aptitudes en su enfrentamiento. Analizar la frecuencia de  trastornos psicocutáneos en la consulta dermatológica, como también,  las aptitudes y herramientas clínicas de los dermatólogos  con relación a estas patologías, y contrastarlas con los datos nacionales previos (2012).Estudio transversal semicuantitativo,  basado en una encuesta aplicada vía internet, a través de los correos electrónicos a 400 dermatólogos,  miembros de la Sociedad Chilena de Dermatología (SOCHIDERM). Los resultados son analizados por estadística descriptiva y comparativa.Participaron 135 dermatologos, de los cuales 53.79% era de sexo femenino y 46,21% fue masculino. El 71.11% considera que los trastornos psicocutáneos son frecuentes. Psoriasis (74.8%) , Dermatitis atópica (28.9%), Vitíligo (25.2%), Liquen simple crónico (21.5%), Alopecia areata (20.7%) fueron las patologías más frecuentes . Se reportó un 80% de derivaciones por trastornos ansiosos,  lo cual,  es un aumento significativo con respecto a los datos previos (49.01%). Un 89,63% de los dermatólogos utiliza rara vez o nunca, psicofármacos para el tratamiento de estos trastornos. Solo un 49.55% se considera seguro para manejar estos pacientes.Los dermatólogos atienden una alta cantidad de este tipo de trastornos pero, cuentan con limitadas herramientas en su manejo. Es necesario fomentar la formación en esta área.
Locating 'Coolie' Women's Health in Tea Plantation Environments in Colonial Assam
Authors: Borkotoky Namrata
Published: April 2021

The history of Assam tea plantations in India is well-documented, yet a gender sensitive environmental history of these colonially-introduced plantation landscapes is absent. The colonial tea planters saw advantages in a growing female presence in their plantations, in terms of increased male ties to the plantation, lower wages for female workers and the added benefit of biological reproduction that would fulfil the need for manual labour in these plantations for generations. This paper attempts to understand how this plantation structure in general and the work regime in particular relied on a particular type of gender identity, which in turn had a detrimental effect on the health of the women labourers in this new landscape.
The Green Years: The Role of Abundant Water in Shaping Postwar Constructions of Rural Femininity
Authors: Twigg Karen
Published: April 2021

This article offers one of the first studies to pay attention to the influence of abundant rain in advancing postwar agendas and shaping new constructions of rural femininity. Enriching an understanding of modernity, I use oral history testimony and private archives to illuminate women's emotional, social and sensory responses to plentiful water and the possibilities it fostered. While previous tropes had warned that close engagement with the elements would leave women 'unsexed' and drained of feminine vitality, the verdure that characterised the postwar era made the environment appear pliable, acquiescent and drought-proof, no longer threatening but actively inviting women's involvement. Informed by scientific agriculture, the modern rural woman, was constructed as 'feminine' and 'attractive' but also well-equipped to contribute her labour to the forward momentum of Australian farming.
Ralph and Myrtle Mae Borsodi's Vision of Back-to-the-Land as a White Heteropatriarchal Refugium during the Great Depression
Authors: Carroll Valerie Padilla
Published: April 2021

Ralph and Myrtle Mae Borsodi, two early twentieth century back-to-the-land writers based in rural New York state, wrote the rural agrarian smallholding as a kind of refugium, a philosophical and physical site for those self-sufficient smallholders to survive, even thrive, through an expected US cultural extinction. The centre of their back-to-the-land agrarian refugium is the heterocouple complete with attached gendered roles and expectations. For this self-sufficiency promoting couple, the rural back-to-the-land homestead was the future of a new and better America made up of decentralised, self-sufficient farms and workshops run by those Ralph termed 'quality-minded men'. Indeed, both in their writings and in real life, their self-sufficiency rested on the backs of urban factory workers, the poor and, most likely, people of colour - domestic labourers. Such exploitation was not incidental, but a key component of the ideal world imagined by this couple.
Metabolic Profiling of Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Reveals Multifaceted Effects in an Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model
Authors: Eeza Muhamed N.H. , Singer Rico , Höfling Corinna , Matysik Jörg , de Groot Huub J.M. , Roβner Steffen , Alia A.
Published: April 2021

Background: Circadian rhythm disturbance is commonly observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In mammals, these rhythms are orchestrated by the superchiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Our previous study in the Tg2576 AD mouse model suggests that inflammatory responses, most likely manifested by low GABA production, may be one of the underlying perpetrators for the changes in circadian rhythmicity and sleep disturbance in AD. However, the mechanistic connections between SCN dysfunction, GABA modulation, and inflammation in AD is not fully understood. Objective: To reveal influences of amyloid pathology in Tg2576 mouse brain on metabolism in SCN and to identify key metabolic sensors that couple SCN dysfunction with GABA modulation and inflammation. Methods: High resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR in conjunction with multivariate analysis was applied for metabolic profiling in SCN of control and Tg2576 female mice. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect neurons, astrocytes, expression of GABA transporter 1 (GAT1) and Bmal1. Results: Metabolic profiling revealed significant metabolic deficits in SCN of Tg2576 mice. Reductions in glucose, glutamate, GABA, and glutamine provide hints toward an impaired GABAergic glucose oxidation and neurotransmitter cycling in SCN of AD mice. In addition, decreased redox co-factor NADPH and glutathione support a redox disbalance. Immunohistochemical examinations showed low expression of the core clock protein, Bmal1, especially in activated astrocytes. Moreover, decreased expression of GAT1 in astrocytes indicates low GABA recycling in this cell type. Conclusion: Our results suggest that redox disbalance and compromised GABA signaling are important denominators and connectors between neuroinflammation and clock dysfunction in AD.
Exploring the Use of Intracranial and Extracranial (Remote) Photobiomodulation Devices in Parkinson’s Disease: A Comparison of Direct and Indirect Systemic Stimulations
Authors: Johnstone Daniel M. , Hamilton Catherine , Gordon Luke C. , Moro Cecile , Torres Napoleon , Nicklason Frank , Stone Jonathan , Benabid Alim-Louis , Mitrofanis John
Published: April 2021

In recent times, photobiomodulation has been shown to be beneficial in animal models of Parkinson’s disease, improving locomotive behavior and being neuroprotective. Early observations in people with Parkinson’s disease have been positive also, with improvements in the non-motor symptoms of the disease being evident most consistently. Although the precise mechanisms behind these improvements are not clear, two have been proposed: direct stimulation, where light reaches and acts directly on the distressed neurons, and remote stimulation, where light influences cells and/or molecules that provide systemic protection, thereby acting indirectly on distressed neurons. In relation to Parkinson’s disease, given that the major zone of pathology lies deep in the brain and that light from an extracranial or external photobiomodulation device would not reach these vulnerable regions, stimulating the distressed neurons directly would require intracranial delivery of light using a device implanted close to the vulnerable regions. For indirect systemic stimulation, photobiomodulation could be applied to either the head and scalp, using a transcranial helmet, or to a more remote body part (e.g., abdomen, leg). In this review, we discuss the evidence for both the direct and indirect neuroprotective effects of photobiomodulation in Parkinson’s disease and propose that both types of treatment modality, when working together using both intracranial and extracranial devices, provide the best therapeutic option.
Repurposing Licensed Drugs for Use Against Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Norins Leslie C.
Published: April 2021

Substantial evidence, composed of drug mechanisms of action, in vivo testing, and epidemiological data, exists to support clinical testing of FDA-approved drugs for repurposing to the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Licensed compound investigation can often proceed at a faster and more cost-effective manner than un-approved compounds moving through the drug pipeline. As the prevalence of AD increases with life expectancy, the current rise in life expectancy amalgamated with the lack of an effective drug for the treatment of AD unnecessarily burdens our medical system and is an urgent public health concern. The unfounded reluctance to examine repurposing existing drugs for possible AD therapy further impedes the possibility of improving the quality of patient lives with a terminal disease. This review summarizes some evidence which exists to suggest certain already-approved drugs may be considered for the treatment of AD and will perhaps encourage physicians to off-label prescribe these safe therapeutics.
A Comparative analysis of stroke diagnosis from retinal images using hand-crafted features and CNN
Authors: Jeena R. S , Shiny G. , Sukesh Kumar A. , Mahadevan K.
Published: April 2021

Stroke is a major reason for disability and mortality in most of the developing nations. Early detection of stroke is highly significant in bio-medical research. Research illustrates that signs of stroke are reflected in the eye and may be analyzed from fundus images. A custom dataset of fundus images has been compiled for formulating an automated stroke detection algorithm. In this paper, a comparative study of hand-crafted texture features and convolutional neural network (CNN) has been recommended for stroke diagnosis. The custom CNN model has also been compared with five pre-trained models from ImageNet. Experimental results reveal that the recommended custom CNN model gives the best performance by achieving an accuracy of 95.8 %.
A 2-order additive fuzzy measure identification method based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets and its application in credit evaluation
Authors: Zhang Mu , Li Si-si , Zhao Bi-bin
Published: April 2021

In view of the problem that it is difficult to quantitatively assess the interactivity between attributes in the identification process of 2-order additive fuzzy measure, this work uses the intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) to describe and deal with the interactivity between attributes. Firstly, the interactivity between attributes is defined by the supermodular game theory. On this basis, the experts employ the intuitionistic fuzzy number (IFN) to assess the interactivity between attributes, Secondly, the opinions of all experts are aggregated by using the intuitionistic fuzzy weighted average operator (IFWA). Finally, based on the aggregated results, the intuitionistic fuzzy interaction degree between attributes is defined and calculated by the score function of IFN. Thus, a 2-order additive fuzzy measure identification method based on IFSs is further proposed. Based on the proposed method, using the Choquet fuzzy integral as nonlinear integration operator, a multi-attribute decision making (MADM) process is presented. Taking the credit evaluation of the big data listed companies in China as an application example, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the analysis results of application example.
Characterization of Adult Patients With SMA Treated in US Hospital Settings: A Natural History Study in the Premier Healthcare Database
Authors: Johnson Nicole B. , Proud Crystal , Wassel Christina L. , Dreyfus Jill , Cochrane Thos , Paradis Angela D.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare genetic disease characterized by progressive muscular weakness and atrophy resulting from motor neuron degeneration. Limited information is available on disease progression among older SMA patients, particularly adults.

Objective:

This study sought to characterize the natural history of SMA among adult patients in US hospital settings through the assessment of symptoms, complications, costs, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) over 3 years before the availability of disease-modifying therapies.

Methods:

The study population included adult (≥18 years) patients with inpatient and/or hospital-based outpatient discharge records and ≥2 primary or secondary SMA ICD-9 codes ≥30 days apart in the Premier Healthcare Database during the main study period (2007–2014). Index date was the date of the first SMA ICD-9 code. The frequency of SMA-related symptoms and complications was assessed 1 year preindex through 2 years postindex to characterize disease progression. Costs and HRU were also assessed across the study period.

Results:

A total of 446 adult patients from 337 US hospitals met inclusion criteria for these analyses. All evaluated SMA-related symptoms and complications increased steadily over time, from 1 year preindex to 2 years postindex both overall and in each age group. Adult patients with SMA had increasing total costs and HRU over the 3-year study period: total costs were $1,759 preindex and $12,308 by 2 years postindex.

Conclusions:

Findings are consistent with increasing disease burden over time and support the progressive nature of SMA for adult patients with hospital interactions.
Impact of maternal medication for opioid use disorder on neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants treated for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome
Authors: King R.S. , Peacock-Chambers E. , Wilson D. , Shimer J. , Foss S. , Visintainer P. , Singh R.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND:

Increasing rates of maternal opioid use disorder has led to greater number of opioid exposed newborns (OENs). Maternal enrollment in medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) program improves short term neonatal outcomes. This study aimed at assessing neurobehavioral outcomes for OENs.

METHODS:

Retrospective observational cohort study of OENs between Jul 2006 and Dec 2018. Two study groups were identified as initiation of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) prior to diagnoses of pregnancy or after. Primary outcome variables were enrollment in and duration of EI services. Secondary outcome variable was diagnoses of a behavioral and/or developmental disorder (BDD) during the study period.

RESULTS:

Of 242 infants, 113 were enrolled in EI and BDD diagnoses data was available for all infants [age range 6 to 12 years], 82% infants had exposure to maternal MOUD, while 18% were exposed to either maternal prescription non-MOUD opioids or illicit opioids. Maternal MOUD initiation prior to pregnancy was associated with improved short term outcomes for OENs. Almost a third of infants were diagnosed with a BDD with no differences between the two study groups.

CONCLUSION:

Early initiation of maternal MOUD improved short term outcomes and discharge disposition for OENs. Prolonged in-utero exposure to opioids presents a potential for negative impact on neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes. These risks must be considered to increase access and adherence to EI services, as well as to focus on non-opioid based maternal MOUD. Longitudinal studies assessing the safety of MOUD on short and long-term child health outcomes are needed.
A uterine cervix supporting device (Con-CapTM) for reducing canal stenosis after Loop Electrosurgical Excisional Procedure1
Authors: Park Ji Young , Lee Yoon Hee , Chong Gun Oh , Hong Dae Gy
Published: April 2021

BACGROUND: Cervical stenoses are one of the main long-term consequences after conization of the uterine cervix. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a uterine cervix supporting device (Con-CapTM) in reducing uterine cervical stenosis after Loop Electrosurgical Excisional Procedure (LEEP). METHODS: We enrolled 112 patients who underwent LEEP between March 2017 to May 2019. Con-CapTM was inserted into the uterine endocervical canal for 4 weeks after LEEP. Laboratory values and clinical symptoms were evaluated. The presence of uterine cervical narrowing was determined at 2 weeks after removal of the Con-CapTM. Data were analyzed using the two-sample t test and χ2 test. RESULTS: A total of 78 women completed the 6-week study period. Thirty-four patients did not complete the study period. The diameter of the uterine cervical canal was significantly greater at postoperative 6 weeks than preoperatively (Hegar dilator No, 2.10 ± 0.56 vs. 3.21 ± 0.71, P< 0.01). The complications were acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: Con-CapTM can be used to reduce uterine cervical stenosis safely and effectively after conization of uterine cervix.
A fully automated inpatient transport system
Authors: Mendlovic Joseph , Gargir Eli , Katz David E.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: The transport of the inpatients to and from locations inside the hospital can vary in complexity depending on the patient location, status, and logistical needs. Most transport systems have not developed at the same speed as other medically related technologies. We conducted a pilot study of a new automated transport system for patients within the hospital. METHODS: Our innovative system was introduced in January 2020. We present a retrospective case review of all in-patient transport request during April 15, 2020 through May 30, 2020 at the Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. The system is fully automated and works via smartphone and electronic medical record integration. Transfer requests are processed on the basis of priority, proximity, and availably. RESULTS: During the study period there were 15, 581 transfer requests. Mean times to hospital destinations ranged from 9:25 to 28:02 minutes. Overall, mean times were quicker for emergency and surgical services. Trip times by priority code were likely influence by unmeasured confounders. There were no reported patient identification adverse events. Peak requests occurred during 0900-1500, and at the beginning of the week. CONCLUSION: Our automated in-patient transfer system appears to be efficient, safe, well received, and capable of servicing our large tertiary care medical center. Future controlled studies are needed to assess efficacy, adverse events, and clinical outcomes.
Sparse angle CT reconstruction with weighted dictionary learning algorithm based on adaptive group-sparsity regularization
Authors: Yang Tiejun , Tang Lu , Tang Qi , Li Lei
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE:

In order to solve the blurred structural details and over-smoothing effects in sparse representation dictionary learning reconstruction algorithm, this study aims to test sparse angle CT reconstruction with weighted dictionary learning algorithm based on adaptive Group-Sparsity Regularization (AGSR-SART).

METHODS:

First, a new similarity measure is defined in which Covariance is introduced into Euclidean distance, Non-local image patches are adaptively divided into groups of different sizes as the basic unit of sparse representation. Second, the weight factor of the regular constraint terms is designed through the residuals represented by the dictionary, so that the algorithm takes different smoothing effects on different regions of the image during the iterative process. The sparse reconstructed image is modified according to the difference between the estimated value and the intermediate image. Last, The SBI (Split Bregman Iteration) iterative algorithm is used to solve the objective function. An abdominal image, a pelvic image and a thoracic image are employed to evaluate performance of the proposed method.

RESULTS:

In terms of quantitative evaluations, experimental results show that new algorithm yields PSNR of 48.20, the maximum SSIM of 99.06% and the minimum MAE of 0.0028.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study demonstrates that new algorithm can better preserve structural details in reconstructed CT images. It eliminates the effect of excessive smoothing in sparse angle reconstruction, enhances the sparseness and non-local self-similarity of the image, and thus it is superior to several existing reconstruction algorithms.
Structural equation modelling with lavaan: a tutorial and an intuitive introduction
Authors: Basu Arindam
Published: April 2021

The goal of this paper is to present a tutorial on structural equation modelling (“SEM”). SEM is a combination of multivariate linear regression and path analysis models. We will discuss path analysis, measurement models, measurement invariance and when or how to use them, twin studies, and longitudinal data analysis. In this tutorial, we shall use the free and open source package “lavaan” in R.
Impulse Processing Algorithm for Random Source Signals of Roadheaders That Is Based on Compound Interferometry
Authors: Li Shenglin , Zhang Pingsong , Xi Chaoqiang
Published: April 2021

The boom-type roadheader is the main equipment for realizing the mechanization of coal drifting in coal mines, and it is an indispensable production equipment in major coal-producing countries. Substantial vibrations are generated during the operation of a roadheader; these vibrations carry substantial energy and, thus, can be regarded as a potential source and used for seismic advance detection purposes in mine drifts. Compared with a conventional exploration source, a roadheader source produces a complex continuous random signal. The shape of a seismic wavelet is uncertain and its duration is relatively long; thus, it must be processed into a conventional pulse signal before it can be used for subsequent processing and analysis. Therefore, based on the advantages of seismic interferometry in random signal processing, two seismic interference techniques, namely, deconvolution and cross-correlation, are introduced for constructing a compound interference algorithm. On the basis of a theoretically derived formula, a random signal impulse processing experiment is conducted using field-acquired source signals from a roadheader; this approach resolves the problem that cross-correlation alone cannot yield ideal results. Hence, a feasible algorithm for the impulse processing of a random signal, namely, the compound interference algorithm, is proposed. The algorithm deconvolves each seismic trace to obtain the reference trace and other receiver traces after compressing the wavelet. Then, the reference trace and each receiver trace are cross-correlated, and the wavelet time delay information of each correlated wavelet pulse, namely, the wavelet time delay information of the receiver trace relative to the reference trace, is obtained. Accordingly, the direct wave and reflected waves are recognized. To evaluate the performance of the algorithm, an algorithm application experiment is conducted for another group of random source signals that were collected by a roadheader under different coal drift conditions. Again, the algorithm processing results are consistent with the single-shot record characteristics of an explosive source. Consequently, the proposed algorithm can satisfy the requirements for engineering exploration and analysis. A comprehensive analysis further demonstrates that the compound interference algorithm is both feasible and effective and that the processed seismic signals can be used for subsequent processing and interpretation.
Research on Pseudo-2D Joint Inversion of TEM and CSAMT Based on Well Log Constraint
Authors: Yi Dong , Jiulong Cheng , Junjie Xue , Laifu Wen , Tao Chen , Huijie Wang , Zhi Chen , Chuxiao Tian
Published: April 2021

The transient electromagnetic method (TEM) and controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotellurics method (CSAMT) are commonly used in detecting water abundance of rock formation and faults in coal mines. However, these methods show low accuracy, given the multiplicity of their inversion results, especially for areas with minor differences in lithology and electrical property. To improve the accuracy of electromagnetic exploration, a pseudo-2D joint inversion is performed. The objective function of this pseudo-2D joint inversion is established, and the joint inversion process is constrained by resistivity logging data. Afterward, the symmetric successive over-relaxation (SSOR) is used to realize the pseudo-2D joint inversion calculation of TEM and CSAMT with well log constraint. The effectiveness of joint inversion is verified by combining synthetic and field data. Results show that the pseudo-2D joint inversion results of TEM and CSAMT with well log constraint correspond to the actual geological situation. Compared with either TEM or CSAMT, joint inversion has a significantly better capability of reflecting water abundance in rock formation and faults.
Cole-Cole Model Parameter Estimation from Multi-frequency Complex Resistivity Spectrum Based on the Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Liu Weiqiang , Chen Rujun , Yang Liangyong
Published: April 2021

In near surface electrical exploration, it is often necessary to estimate the Cole-Cole model parameters according to the measured multi-frequency complex resistivity spectrum of ore and rock samples in advance. Parameter estimation is a nonlinear optimization problem, and the common method is least square fitting. The disadvantage of this method is that it relies on initial value and the result is unstable when data is confronted with noise interference. To further improve the accuracy of parameter estimation, this paper applied artificial neural network (ANN) method to the Cole-Cole model estimation. Firstly, a large number of forward models are generated as samples to train the neural network and when the data fitting error is lower than the error threshold, the training ends. The trained neural network is directly used to efficiently estimate the parameters of vast amounts of new data. The efficiency of the artificial neural network is analyzed by using simulated and measured spectral induced polarization data. The results show that artificial neural network method has a faster computing speed and higher accuracy in Cole-Cole model parameter estimation.
Valor diagnóstico del lactato en líquido cefalorraquídeo como biomarcador de meningitis bacteriana
Authors: Rubio-Sánchez Ricardo , Lepe-Balsalobre Esperanza
Published: April 2021

La meningitis bacteriana es una patología grave que requiere de un diagnóstico preciso y precoz. El aumento de leucocitos, con predominio de polimorfonucleares, la proteinorraquia y la hipoglucorraquia orientan hacía una etiología bacteriana, aunque no siempre se correlacionan con el diagnóstico definitivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la utilidad del lactato en líquido cefalorraquídeo como biomarcador de meningitis bacteriana.
Este es un estudio observacional y prospectivo en el que se analizaron 706 líquidos cefalorraquídeos de pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme (Sevilla, España) durante 20 meses. De los líquidos analizados, en 21 casos se diagnosticó meningitis bacteriana, en 31 la meningitis bacteriana fue compatible y en 654 casos se descartó esta infección. El punto de corte óptimo del lactato en líquido cefalorraquídeo fue de 3,0 mmol/L, con una sensibilidad de 68%, una especificidad de 98%, un valor predictivo positivo de 79% y un valor predictivo negativo de 97%.
La concentración de lactato, la concentración de proteínas y el número de leucocitos en líquido cefalorraquídeo fue significativamente mayor en los pacientes con meningitis bacteriana confirmada. El alto valor predictivo negativo del lactato es especialmente útil para descartar meningitis bacteriana en pacientes enfermos. El lactato es el biomarcador con mejor rendimiento diagnóstico de todos los analizados, por lo que recomendamos su inclusión en el perfil bioquímico del líquido cefalorraquídeo.
WHO Global Strategy in Eradication of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Agustiansyah Patiyus , Rizal Sanif  , Siti Nurmaini  , Irfannuddin  , Legiran
Published: April 2021

WHO has created a global strategy to accelerate the elimination of cervical canceras a public health problem and a world burden. Cervical cancer is a disease thatcan be prevented and cured, as long as it is detected early and treated effectively.Cervical cancer is also a disease that reflects global injustice. The burden isgreatest in low- and middle-income countries, where access to public healthservices is limited and screening and treatment for the disease has not been widelyapplied. In 2018, nearly 90% of all deaths worldwide occurred in low and middleincome countries. Furthermore, the proportion of women with cervical cancer whodie from the disease is more than 60% in these countries, more than double thenumber in many high-income countries, which is only 30%.
La Amazonía en disputa: agencias políticas y organizaciones indígenas de la Amazonía venezolana frente al Arco Minero del Orinoco
Authors: Mora Silva Julimar , Rodríguez Velásquez Fidel
Published: April 2021

A partir del concepto de agencia y desde una sociología fundamentada en la teoría de la estructuración, analizamos el fenómeno de la participación política de las organizaciones indígenas amazónicas y sus respuestas al plan de desarrollo minero de la región amazónica de Venezuela conocido como el Arco Minero del Orinoco. Para ello, prestamos atención a los mecanismos de presión política y participación popular (asambleas, protestas, denuncias, comunicados, etc.) llevados adelante por las organizaciones indígenas entre 2016 y 2018, así mismo, a los resultados electorales en los territorios amazónicos desde 2013 hasta 2017. La realización de este trabajo fue posible a través de una estrategia multi método, considerando datos históricos, observación participante y entrevistas con líderes indígenas, intelectuales y participantes de los movimientos sociales. Los datos se organizaron siguiendo el método de Mapeo de Actores Clave. Concluimos que el Arco Minero del Orinoco representó una ruptura en el plano político y electoral de las organizaciones indígenas con el chavismo, en el marco de una intensificación del extractivismo minero en la Amazonía venezolana.
Violencia en la familia y en la relación de pareja en universitarios de Osorno, Chile.
Authors: Espinoza Moraga Soraya , Vivanco Muñoz Ramón , Veliz Burgos Alex , Vargas Peña Antonio
Published: April 2021

La violencia de género  no deja indiferente a ninguno de sus miembros, especialmente, a los hijos/as, además aumenta el riesgo del maltrato contra ellos. Dentro de sus implicancias esta la violencia en etapas posteriores. Esta investigación busca describir la relación entre dichas experiencias y ejercer o ser  víctima de violencia en sus relaciones románticas en universitarios. Se les aplicó un cuestionario de Violencia en pareja y  Escala de Maltrato a una muestra de 360  jóvenes. Los resultados indican una relación significativa en hombres y mujeres que declaran promedios más altos en violencia psicológica, emocional y física. La experiencia de violencia de género  psicológica tendría mayor repercusión en hombres, mientras que el maltrato desde los padres tendría mayor repercusión en las mujeres.
La conquista religiosa del encierro. Pentecostalismo y estrategias de gobierno en el sistema carcelario argentino
Authors: Manchado Mauricio
Published: April 2021

El artículo se propone indagar sobre el papel que ocupa el dispositivo religioso-evangélico-pentecostal, en tanto táctica de gubernamentalidad, en la gestión del encierro a partir de la descripción de su origen, crecimiento y consolidación en las cárceles santafesinas (Argentina). Prácticas y discursos que fueron objeto, por parte del servicio penitenciario, de rechazo absoluto, luego aceptación moderada y finalmente acción coordinada. En ese sentido, buscaremos reflexionar también sobre el ordenamiento social, el conjunto de reciprocidades y las narrativas que lo caracterizan, ya que esto nos permitirá comprender los sentidos que habilitan y sustentan dicho posicionamiento en el entramado de una institución punitiva como la prisión en la provincia de Santa Fe.
La vía política indígena: Agencia y nuevas formas de politización en América Latina
Authors: Martínez Neira Christian , Rodríguez Patricia , Leone Jouaunny Miguel
Published: April 2021

En el último decenio, en Latinoamérica hemos asistido a importantes cambios en materia indígena. Algunos de ellos han sido promovidos por la legislación internacional y, otros, por las propias prácticas y movilizaciones de comunidades y organizaciones indígenas. Sobre todo a partir de la ratificación del Convenio 169 de la OIT, y la Declaración sobre pueblos indígenas de Naciones Unidas, han habido modificaciones en los marcos normativos, las instituciones y en las políticas públicas. Estas han incluido desde distintas formas de reconocimiento constitucional, la aplicación de la consulta previa y, la instalación de legislaciones y políticas sectoriales. Por su parte, las organizaciones indígenas han utilizado un amplio abanico de repertorios, lo que incluye desde su participación en distintas instancias estatales, su incorporación a procesos electorales o diversas formas de autonomía según sea el caso. Las experiencias son muy variadas y, muchas veces han entrado en tensión entre ellas (Lucero, 2006; Madrid, 2012).
Ascenso y caída del sistema binominal chileno
Authors: Borel Marcelo
Published: April 2021

Este artículo busca discutir el sistema binominal por tres aspectos: su origen, su funcionamiento, y su término. En primer lugar, se hace una disgresión histórica que aborda El origen del sistema binominal, considerando su formulación y los objetivos para los cuales fue pensado para, a partir de ello, averiguar si el binominal es capaz de cumplirlos. Em un segundo momento, se explicitan las principales críticas hechas al funcionamiento del sistema binominal, y se exponen algunos datos empíricos que aclaran el debate sobre estas críticas. En un tercer momento, se explican lãs alteraciones hechas em el sistema electoral chileno com La aprobación de La Ley nº 20.840 para posteriormente verificar si esse nuevo modelo a ser inaugurado en 2017 logra dar respuestas correctivas a los problemas anteriormente identificados en el funcionamiento del sistema binominal hacia la democracia chilena.
La subordinación ideológica del saber médico andino en la salud intercultural chilena
Authors: Piñones Rivera Carlos Daniel , Liberona Concha Nanette Paz , Montecino Quenaya Barbara
Published: April 2021

Existen pocos estudios que aborden los procesos ideológicos presentes en las relaciones interculturales propiciadas por las iniciativas de Salud Pueblos Indígenas en Chile. Nuestro objetivo es mostrar cómo los elementos ideológicos del Saber Biomédico contribuyen a la subordinación del Saber Andino al interior de dichos programas. Para esto, expondremos material etnográfico producido entre 2011 y 2012 en la comunidad de Camiña, Tarapacá. Posicionados desde la Antropología Médica Crítica, analizamos la ideología biomédica sobre el Saber Andino, así como las propuestas para la interculturalidad que surgen desde el personal biomédico. Concluimos reflexionando cómo la negación del carácter ideológico de la racionalidad biomédica, refuerza la subordinación del Saber Andino, produciendo un efecto opuesto al mentado en la política pública.
Activación y descarte de disposiciones de trabajadores del Polo Naval de Río Grande: cuerpos entre la fantasía y el fantasma
Authors: Robertt Pedro , Vinicius Spolle Marcus
Published: April 2021

El artículo analiza las disposiciones activadas en los trabajadores de un gran emprendimiento industrial en el sur de Rio Grande do Sul, el Polo Naval de Río Grande, que funcionó a gran escala de 2005/6 a 2016. Desde un enfoque etnográfico, fueron entrevistados ex -trabajadores del Polo Naval, elaborando inicialmente hipótesis sobre la activación y descarte de disposiciones. Al principio, recurrimos al concepto de disposiciones trabajado en las obras de Bourdieu (como parte del concepto de habitus) y, principalmente de Lahire. También recurrimos, en un momento posterior, a la mirada de la sociología del cuerpo y de las emociones, con el objetivo de captar mejor los procesos subjetivos involucrados en un proceso de atracción y expulsión de trabajadores. Para ello, nos centramos en las perspectivas de Bourdieu, a través de Medeiros (2017), Wacquant (2014), y Scribano (2012). Además de una parte introductoria, el artículo aborda el llamado «proyecto de veinte años», de la activación de disposiciones económicas y cognitivas; de las señales negativas y del proceso acelerado de declive; del desaparecimiento de las disposiciones económicas y cognitivas, y realiza una re-lectura a partir de las contribuciones de la sociología del cuerpo y las emociones. Como reflexión principal, se argumenta que los trabajadores brasileños y latinoamericanos viven con el fantasma del desempleo y la precariedad (cuerpos que sufren) y que sólo de forma fugaz, en algún momento, han logrado disfrutar de alguna fantasía social (cuerpos ilusorios).
Brotes que no quieren marchitar. El movimiento de ferias y las políticas para la agricultura familiar en Argentina (2015-2018)
Authors: Emanuel Jara Cristian
Published: April 2021

El desarrollo de las ferias de la agricultura familiar tiene continuidad y muestra una tendencia expansiva en América Latina. Este artículo se pregunta: ¿Cómo se dio el proceso de organización y disputa de las políticas públicas que resultó en la construcción de estas ferias en Santiago del Estero (noroeste argentino)? ¿Cuáles son sus fortalezas y sus debilidades en un contexto de reducción del apoyo por parte del Estado entre 2015-2018? Aunque algunas de las experiencias registradas puedan resultar pequeñas y aisladas, otras van ampliando sus dimensiones. Es decir, que emergen como brotes de un modelo de desarrollo rural en construcción que se resisten a marchitar. Las potencialidades de las ferias se expresan en aspectos que trascienden lo económicos: a la vez que promueven la diversificación y la generación de un ingreso alternativo, son una expresión de las luchas políticas cotidianas que actualmente caracterizan al campo.