bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Undergraduate students’ perceptions of community engagement: A snapshot of a public research university in Canada
Authors: Haque Sarika , Krawec Taylor , Chu Joan , Wong Tammy , Chowdhury Mohammad , Tanvir Chowdhury Turin
Published: May 2021

Students who participate in regular community engagement (CE) often experience benefits in different areas of their lives. Many academic institutions have implemented action plans to increase CE within the student population. At the University of Calgary, Canada, this is done primarily through its broader Eyes High strategy. As there remains a gap in the literature about students' perceptions of CE and their awareness of university CE strategies, this study aims to identify undergraduate students’ awareness of the Eyes High strategy, attitudes towards and levels of engagement, and challenges and potential methods to increase CE participation. Data was collected through a voluntary online survey (n=528). Participants were recruited through posters, social media, online faculty platforms and by faculty members. Survey results indicated students lacked knowledge regarding the Eyes High strategy. It was noted that students’ knowledge, attitudes and practices of CE increased as they spent more time at the university. The top perceived challenges to CE were lack of time, accessible information, support and incentives. To increase accessibility and student participation, we suggest introducing the Eyes High Strategy and CE activities early to the undergraduate population through workshops, credit-based courses and/or professional development requirements. Our data suggests that students are not well informed about the Eyes High strategy. There is thus a need for the university to build a campus-wide, student-informed initiative to proactively engage students. This research will serve as a gateway to further explore communicative methods that might better convey university priorities to students.
Violation of the balance of free metals and metal-containing proteins in amniotic fluid in placental insufficiency
Authors: Pogorelova Tatyana Nikolaevna , Gunko V. O. , Nikashina A. A. , Mikhelson A. A. , Botasheva T. L. , Kaushanskaya L. V.
Published: May 2021

The content of metal ions and proteins containing or binding these metals in amniotic fluid during different periods of physiological pregnancy and placental insufficiency (PI) was studied. The content of zinc, copper, magnesium, iron, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein, ferritin, ceruloplasmin and the activity of Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase were estimated using spectrophotometric methods, immunoturbometric and enzyme immunoassay methods. It was found that in PI in both trimesters there is a decrease in the content of zinc, copper, iron and an increase in the level of copper. The indices of ceruloplasmin, ferritin, Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase in PI are lower, and zinc-α-2-glycoprotein is higher than in similar periods of physiological gestation. A close correlation of different directions has been established between the level of metals and the corresponding proteins. The revealed violations obviously play a certain pathogenetic role in the development of PI, and the indicators of the ratio between metals can serve as markers for predicting the state of newborns.
Cognitive Thesaurus of Cultural Code: Communicative and Epistemological Aspects
Authors:   Ablai Khan Kazakh University of International Relations and World Languages (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Altybayeva S.М.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the problem of the formation of the cognitive thesaurus of the developed theory of the cultural code, defines some aesthetic-communicative strategies of the literary discourse of Kazakhstan. It is noted that in the implementation of these strategies a specific role is played by specific epistemes– cultural codes. The cultural code is defined as a significant semiotic unit of text included in its conceptual core. Such concepts of the theory of cultural code as philosophical, ideological, conceptual core, ethnostereotype, heterotopic markers, detailed multicultural landscape and others receive terminological design. The thesis of knowledge of the world and understanding of history, modernity, the possible future through the universalization of the art world, multiculturalism, complex narrative structures is substantiated. The specificity of a historical narrative is analyzed with its characteristic capacious referential mode, involving the reader in the active communicative process of decoding narrated events, cultural artifacts. The heterotopic markers of myth-folklore units in the structure of a literary text are studied, the stability and iteration of traditional ethnocultural codes are noted
Formation of environmental competence of future specialists in pedagogical universities
Authors:   Abai University (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Malikkyzy L. , Zhanbekov K. ,   Abai University (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Rogovaya O. ,   Russian state pedagogical University named after A.I. Herzen (St. Petersburg, Russia)
Published: May 2021

Environmental education and upbringing is one of the important tasks of training young professionals. Today, every young specialist becomes a competent, competent person in their profession, and environmental competence is formed in the University and in matters of postgraduate education. In this context, it is stated that students of the specialty chemistry and biology, along with the main basic disciplines, increase the teaching of specialized disciplines. As a result of testing the expertise: the value of environmental competence is determined, the need for the formation of which was noted in the conditions that provide high-quality training of specialists of a pedagogical University to practice by forming its environmental consciousness.It was found that students in conducting experimental research on environmental problems, in combination with theory, can cause environmental and pedagogical competence.
An effective way to detect the sum of the first n term of an arithmetic progression
Authors:   Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Iskakova M. , Ayaganov G. ,   Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Dauken M. ,   Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Published: May 2021

The article looks at teaching students how to find the sum of the first n members of arithmetic progression. Using different approaches to solving a problem can stimulate and stimulate students’ interest in solving a problem. Working on their own will have a positive impact on their development. Students need to be taught how to solve problems in two or more ways. There is a special technique that can be used to influence students’ decisions quickly and efficiently. By using this approach, we can develop our students’ memory, comprehensiveness, and logic. Here are some examples of finding the sum of the first n members of an arithmetic progression by a non-standard method. Special methods can be used by school students, young teachers, and math teachers.
Source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosols in Beijing with radiocarbon and organic tracers: insight into the differences between urban and rural sites
Authors: Hou Siqi , Liu Di , Xu Jingsha , Vu Tuan V. , Wu Xuefang , Srivastava Deepchandra , Fu Pingqing , Li Linjie , Sun Yele , Vlachou Athanasia , Moschos Vaios , Salazar Gary , Szidat Sönke , Prévôt André S. H. , Harrison Roy M. , Shi Zongbo
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Carbonaceous aerosol is a dominant component of fine particles in Beijing. However, it is challenging to apportion its sources. Here, we applied a
newly developed method which combined radiocarbon (14C) with organic tracers to apportion the sources of fine carbonaceous particles at an
urban (IAP) and a rural (PG) site of Beijing. PM2.5 filter samples (24 h) were collected at both sites from 10 November to
11 December 2016 and from 22 May to 24 June 2017. 14C was determined in 25 aerosol samples (13 at IAP and 12 at PG) representing low
pollution to haze conditions. Biomass burning tracers (levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan) in the samples were also determined using
gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Higher contributions of fossil-derived OC (OCf) were found at the urban site. The OCf / OC ratio decreased in the summer
samples (IAP: 67.8 ± 4.0 % in winter and 54.2 ± 11.7 % in summer; PG: 59.3 ± 5.7 % in winter and
50.0 ± 9.0 % in summer) due to less consumption of coal in the warm season. A novel extended Gelencsér (EG) method incorporating the
14C and organic tracer data was developed to estimate the fossil and non-fossil sources of primary and secondary OC (POC and SOC). It
showed that fossil-derived POC was the largest contributor to OC (35.8 ± 10.5 % and 34.1 ± 8.7 % in wintertime for IAP and PG,
28.9 ± 7.4 % and 29.1 ± 9.4 % in summer), regardless of season. SOC contributed 50.0 ± 12.3 % and
47.2 ± 15.5 % at IAP and 42.0 ± 11.7 % and 43.0 ± 13.4 % at PG in the winter and summer sampling periods,
respectively, within which the fossil-derived SOC was predominant and contributed more in winter. The non-fossil fractions of SOC increased in
summer due to a larger biogenic component. Concentrations of biomass burning OC (OCbb) are resolved by the extended Gelencsér method,
with average contributions (to total OC) of 10.6 ± 1.7 % and 10.4 ± 1.5 % in winter at IAP and PG and 6.5 ± 5.2 % and
17.9 ± 3.5 % in summer, respectively. Correlations of water-insoluble OC (WINSOC) and water-soluble OC (WSOC) with POC and SOC showed that
although WINSOC was the major contributor to POC, a non-negligible fraction of WINSOC was found in SOC for both fossil and non-fossil sources,
especially during winter. In summer, a greater proportion of WSOC from non-fossil sources was found in SOC. Comparisons of the source apportionment
results with those obtained from a chemical mass balance model were generally good, except for the cooking aerosol.
Systematic comparison of vectorial spherical radiative transfer models in limb scattering geometry
Authors: Zawada Daniel , Franssens Ghislain , Loughman Robert , Mikkonen Antti , Rozanov Alexei , Emde Claudia , Bourassa Adam , Dueck Seth , Lindqvist Hannakaisa , Ramon Didier , Rozanov Vladimir , Dekemper Emmanuel , Kyrölä Erkki , Burrows John P. , Fussen Didier , Degenstein Doug
Published: May 2021

Abstract. A comprehensive inter-comparison of seven radiative transfer models in the limb scattering geometry has been performed.
Every model is capable of accounting for polarization within a spherical atmosphere.
Three models (GSLS, SASKTRAN-HR, and SCIATRAN) are deterministic, and four models (MYSTIC, SASKTRAN-MC, Siro, and SMART-G) are statistical using the Monte Carlo technique.
A wide variety of test cases encompassing different atmospheric conditions, solar geometries, wavelengths, tangent altitudes, and Lambertian surface reflectances have been defined and executed for every model.
For the majority of conditions it was found that the models agree to better than 0.2 % in the single-scatter test cases and better than 1 % in the scalar and vectorial test cases with multiple scattering included, with some larger differences noted at high values of surface reflectance.
For the first time in limb geometry, the effect of atmospheric refraction was compared among four models that support it (GSLS, SASKTRAN-HR, SCIATRAN, and SMART-G).
Differences among most models with multiple scattering and refraction enabled were less than 1 %, with larger differences observed for some models.
Overall the agreement among the models with and without refraction is better than has been previously reported in both scalar and vectorial modes.
Physically regularized machine learning emulators of aerosol activation
Authors: Silva Sam J. , Ma Po-Lun , Hardin Joseph C. , Rothenberg Daniel
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The activation of aerosol into cloud droplets is an
important step in the formation of clouds and strongly influences the
radiative budget of the Earth. Explicitly simulating aerosol activation in
Earth system models is challenging due to the computational complexity
required to resolve the necessary chemical and physical processes and their
interactions. As such, various parameterizations have been developed to
approximate these details at reduced computational cost and accuracy. Here,
we explore how machine learning emulators can be used to bridge this gap in
computational cost and parameterization accuracy. We evaluate a set of
emulators of a detailed cloud parcel model using physically regularized
machine learning regression techniques. We find that the emulators can
reproduce the parcel model at higher accuracy than many existing
parameterizations. Furthermore, physical regularization tends to improve
emulator accuracy, most significantly when emulating very low activation
fractions. This work demonstrates the value of physical constraints in
machine learning model development and enables the implementation of
improved hybrid physical and machine learning models of aerosol activation into
next-generation Earth system models.
Can we use precipitation isotope outputs of Isotopic General Circulation Models to improve hydrological modeling in large mountainous catchments on the Tibetan Plateau?
Authors: Nan Yi , He Zhihua , Tian Fuqiang , Wei Zhongwang , Tian Lide
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Issues related to large uncertainty and parameter equifinality have posed big challenges for hydrological modeling in cold regions where runoff generation processes are particularly complex. Tracer-aided hydrological models coupling modules to simulate the transportation and fractionation of water stable isotope are increasingly used to constrain parameter uncertainty and refine the parameterizations of specific hydrological processes in cold regions. However, commonly unavailability of site sampling of spatially-distributed precipitation isotope hampers the practical applications of tracer-aided models in large scale catchments. This study, taken the precipitation isotope data (isoGSM) derived from the Isotopic General Circulation Models (iGCM) as an example, explored its utility in driving a tracer-aided hydrological model in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin (YTR, around 2 × 105 km2) on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The isoGSM product was first corrected based on the biases between gridded precipitation isotope estimates and limited site sampling measurements. Model simulations driven by the corrected isoGSM data were then compared with those forced by spatially interpolated precipitation isotope from site sampling measurements. Our results indicated that: (1) spatial precipitation isotope derived from the isoGSM data helped to reduce modeling uncertainty and improve parameter identifiability in a large mountainous catchment on the TP, in comparison to a calibration method using discharge and snow cover area fraction without any information of water isotope; (2) model parameters estimated by the corrected isoGSM data presented higher transferability to nested sub-basins and produced higher model performance in the validation period than that estimated by the interpolated precipitation isotope data from site sampling measurements; (3) model calibration procedure forced by the corrected isoGSM data successfully rejected parameter sets that overestimated glacier melt contribution and gave more reliable contributions of runoff components, indicating the corrected isoGSM data served as a better choice to provide informative spatial precipitation isotope than the interpolated data from site sampling measurements at macro scale. This work suggested plausible utility of combining isoGSM data with measurements from a sparse sampling network in improving hydrological modeling in large mountainous catchments.
AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION OF MINERALS IN IMAGES OF POLISHED SECTIONS
Authors: Khvostikov A. V. , Korshunov D. M. , Krylov A. S. , Boguslavskiy M. A.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Automatic identification of minerals in images of polished section is highly demanded in exploratory geology as it can provide a significant reduction in time spent in the study of ores and eliminate the factor of misdiagnosis of minerals. The development of algorithms for automatic analysis of images of polished sections makes it possible to create of a universal tool for comparing ores from different deposits, which is also much in demand. The main contribution of this paper can be summed up in three parts: i) creation of LumenStone dataset (https://imaging.cs.msu.ru/en/research/geology/lumenstone) which unites high-quality geological images of different mineral associations and provides pixel-level semantic segmentation masks, ii) development of CNN-based neural network for automatic identification of minerals in images of polished sections, iii) implementation of software tool with graphical user interface that can be used by expert geologists to perform an automatic analysis of polished sections images.
RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL WORK AIMED TO IDENTIFY SCHOOL ANXIETY AMONG TEENAGERS
Authors: Blauvelt Ekaterina Igorevna
Published: May 2021

The article describes the concepts of «anxiety» and «school anxiety»: interpretation and development in psychological science. This article studies the reasons and factors of anxiety of school anxiety in teenagers. The relevance of this topic caused by an increasing number of teenagers who get increasing anxiety and experiencing negative emotions. This article identifies the level of school and personal anxiety of teenagers (5th-7th grade) and discusses possible causes of anxiety in this age group. The article presents the results of the work of a school psychologist aimed to identify the level of school anxiety: results of the ascertaining experiment, forming experiment, individual and group consultations with elements of psychological theater, aimed at reducing the high level of anxiety of teenagers. The article describes productive options for teacher-student cooperation aimed to decrease the level of anxiety among teenagers. The article explains the recommendations for formation a psychologically safe educational environment.
БРЕНДИНГ ТУРИЗМАКАЗАХСТАНА КАК ДРАЙВЕР ДЛЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНДУСТРИИ ТУРИЗМА
Authors: Mussina K. , Baimbetova A. , Kushenova M. , Мусина К.П. , Баймбетова А.Б. , Кушенова М.Ш.
Published: May 2021

Many countries made efforts to develop tourism as a promising and highly profitable industry, which caused high competition between destinations in the international tourism market. In such conditions the state’s marketing policy played a huge role at national and regional levels.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the current level of tourist complex development in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as its competitiveness on a global scale. During the analysis of statistical data, the authors identified the place of the tourism industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan, its importance for the national economy, the main development trends wereformulated. In addition, based on the analysis of Travel and tourism Competitiveness report over the past 6 years, factors for increasing the competitiveness of the national tourism industry were pointed out. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the competitive advantages of domestic tourism and its prospects in the competition. Based on the analysis, the authors tried to formulate the directions of the strategy for improving the competitiveness of the tourism industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan through increasing the effectiveness of marketing and branding.

Многие страны прилагают значительныеусилия для развития туризма как перспективной и высокодоходной отрасли, что в свою очередь порождает высокую конкуренцию между дестинациями на международном туристическом рынке. В таких условиях маркетинговая политика государства играет огромную роль как на национальном, так и на региональном уровнях.
Статья посвящена анализу современного уровня развития туристического комплекса в Республике Казахстан, а также его конкурентоспособности в мировом масштабе. В ходе анализа статистических данных авторы выявили место индустрии туризма в Республике Казахстан, ее значение для национальной экономики, сформулированы основные тенденции развития. Кроме того, на основе анализа отчета о конкурентоспособности путешествий и туризма за последние 6 лет были указаны факторы повышения конкурентоспособности национальной индустрии туризма. Особое внимание уделено анализу конкурентных преимуществ отечественной индустрии туризма и перспектив их развития. На основании проведенного анализа авторы попытались сформулировать направления стратегии развития конкурентоспособности индустрии туризма в Республике Казахстан за счет повышения эффективности маркетинга и брендинга.
RESEARCH OF METHODS FOR ANALYZING AND EVALUATING REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Дуламбаева Р.Т. , Турекулова А.Н. , Жаныбаева З.К. , Беделбаева А.Е. , Dulambaeva R. , Turekulova A. , Zhanybayeva Z. , Bedelbaуeva A.
Published: May 2021

Мақала өңірлердің бәсекеге қабілеттілігін бағалау әдістері мен әдістемелерін зерттеуге арналған. Өңірлердің бәсекеге қабілеттілігінің теориялық негіздеріне зерттеу жүргізілді, аймақтың бәсекеге қабілеттілігін бағалаудың қолданыстағы әдістемелеріне талдау жасалды; аумақтың бәсекеге қабілеттілігінің бағалау әдістемелерін қолдану бойынша нақты ұсыныстар әзірленді. Аймақтың бәсекеге қабілеттілігін бағалаудың тұжырымдамалары зерделенді. Өңірлердің бәсекеге қабілеттілігін бағалаудың неғұрлым жиі қолданылатын көрсеткіштер жүйесіне шолу жасалды. Аймақтың әлеуметтік-экономикалық даму тенденцияларын талдау үшін макроэкономикалық көрсеткіштерге негізделген сандық бағалау әдістері, бағалаудың интегралды әдістері, аймақтардың бәсекеге қабілеттілігін рейтингтік бағалау, сараптамалық бағалау әдістері және шетелдік бағалау әдістері қарастырылды. Өңірлердің бәсекеге қабілеттілігін талдау мен бағалаудың әдістерінің негізгі ерекшеліктері анықталды. Өңірдің бәсекеге қабілеттілігін бағалау әдістерінде әлеуметтік факторларға басымдық берілетіндігі, аймақты бағалаудың сандық әдістерін бір-бірінен бөлек әрі кешенді қолдануға болатындығы, шетелдік әдістемелерде көптеген көрсеткіштер жүйесі қолданылатындығы және ол кешенді талдау жүргізуге мүмкіндік беретіндігі туралы қорытынды жасалды.

The article is devoted to the study of methods and techniques for assessing the competitiveness of regions. The theoretical foundations of regional competitiveness are studied, the analysis of existing methods for assessing the competitiveness of the region is carried out, and specific recommendations are developed for the use of methods for assessing the competitiveness of the territory. The concepts of assessing the competitiveness of the region are studied. The review of the most frequently used system of indicators for assessing the competitiveness of regions is carried out. To analyze trends in the socio-economic development of the region, quantitative assessment methods based on macroeconomic indicators, integrated assessment methods, rating assessment of regional competitiveness, expert assessment methods, and foreign assessment methods were considered. The main features of methods for analyzing and evaluating the competitiveness of regions are determined. It is concluded that in the methods of assessing the competitiveness of the region, preference is given to social factors; quantitative methods of assessing the region can be used both separately from each other and in a complex way; foreign methods use a system of many indicators, which allows for a comprehensive analysis.
Economic model for improving the state management of production waste
Authors: Турекулова Д.М. , Оразбаева К.Н. , Ниязов М.Н. , Естурлиева А.И. , Turekulova D. , Orazbayeva K. , Niyazov M. , Yesturliyeva A.
Published: May 2021

В статье приведены результаты исследования по построению и описанию экономической модели, которая применима для совершенствования государственного управления отходами производства промышленных предприятий. Показано, что для решения задач государственного управления отходами производства промышленных предприятий и потребления с учетом их антропогенных воздействий на окружающую природную среду, можно эффективно применить методы экономико-математического моделирования и оптимизации. Определены основные виды показателей и загрязнения, которые следует учитывать при экономико-экологическом моделировании и оптимизации производства. Проанализированы исследовательские работы, в которых рассмотрены вопросы прогнозирования экономического и экологического состояния экономико-экологических систем. Предложено математическое описание основных показателей экономико-экологической системы. Также в статье сформулированы задачи оптимизации производства по экономическим критериям с учётом экологических требований и нормативов, и предложен подход к её решению.
Предложена универсальная модель, которая может быть использована для целей микроэкономики на уровне любого предприятия, промышленного комплекса, отраслевого выпуска продукции. Новизна и оригинальность полученных результатов от других известных моделей в том, что построенная модель применима в области макроэкономики. Кроме того, сформулированная задача оптимизации производства на основе этой предложенной модели, позволяет оптимизировать производство с учётом экологических критериев и ограничений.

The article presents the results of a study on the construction and description of an economic model that is applicable to improve the state management of industrial waste. The main types of indicators and pollution that should be taken into account in economic and environmental modeling and production optimization have been determined. Analyzed research works in which the issues of forecasting the economic and ecological state of economic and ecological systems are considered. A mathematical description of the main indicators of the economic and ecological system is proposed. Also, the article formulates the task of optimizing production according to economic criteria, taking into account environmental requirements and standards, and an approach to its solution is proposed.
A universal model is proposed that can be used for the purposes of microeconomics at the level of any enterprise, industrial complex, and industrial output. The novelty and originality of the results obtained from other well-known models is that the constructed model is applicable in the field of macroeconomics. In addition, the formulated production optimization problem based on this proposed model allows production to be optimized taking into account environmental criteria and restrictions
Investigación para la gestión empresarial y la innovación
Authors:   CUA - Medellín, Sepúlveda Jovanny
Published: May 2021

El texto que aquí se presenta denominado “Investigación para la gestión empresarial y la innovación”, es un producto del acercamiento de la academia con el sector empresarial para generar conocimiento a partir de la interacción práctica entre estos dos importantes actores de la sociedad. En su contenido, el lector encontrará los resultados más relevantes del desarrollo de acciones dentro de las organizaciones, que permiten la resolución de problemas y la gestión de la competitividad y la innovación. Estos dos últimos conceptos, han sido parte en el debate del futuro de Colombia, de manera que tal que se establezcan acciones de gobierno para visualizar las estrategias que permiten que esto sea una realidad para el país. Dentro de estas acciones, se puede mencionar la transición del Sistema Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación al Sistema Nacional de Competitividad, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, el cual no se trata sólo de un juego de palabras, sino que con la incorporación de la competitividad como el eje central para el desarrollo, se dan los lineamientos para encadenar la Ciencia y la investigación con la innovación, en esta caso concreto para el sector empresarial. Con este cambio dentro del Sistema Nacional de Competitividad, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, se crea la Comisión Nacional de Competitividad e Innovación en el año 2017, como órgano asesor del Gobierno Nacional y de concertación entre este, las entidades territoriales y la sociedad civil, en temas relacionados con la productividad y competitividad del país y de sus regiones. La academia no debe estar alejada de esta realidad y de los cambios que se sucitan en esta materia, por ello, se realiza investigación para impactar las empresas, que no sólo se queda en los estudios teóricos, sino que avanza desde la práctica para solucionar problemas importantes dentro de las compañías, además, que los resultados y logros se publican, para hacer difusión de este conocimiento y para servir como referente para casos y problemas parecidos que se presenten en otras empresas. Se espera que este texto pueda trascender y realmente pueda servir como herramienta de transferencia de conocimiento para la competitividad empresarial.
Keine Legitimation einer Behörde als Privatklägerin in einem Strafverfahren wegen Rassendiskriminierung
Authors: Mayr von Baldegg Rudolf
Published: May 2021

Die kantonale Oberinstanz verweigerte dem Bau- und Verkehrsdepartement Basel-Stadt die Stellung als Privatklägerin in einem Strafverfahren wegen Rassendiskriminierung, weil die Behörde durch die von einem Journalisten vorgeworfenen Äusserungen nicht unmittelbar in seinen Rechten verletzt worden sei. Es mangle auch an einer gesetzlichen Grundlage, um dem Departement gestützt auf Art. 104 Abs. 2 StPO Parteistellung einzuräumen. Das kantonale Recht statuiere bloss eine allgemeine Anzeigepflicht für Behörden, welcher das Departement nachgekommen war. Insgesamt widerspiegelt der Entscheid die geltende Praxis und ist in der Sache sicher richtig.
Trumps Verbot der Zensur durch Portalbetreiber ist zu begrüssen
Authors: Kessler Erwin
Published: May 2021

Der Autor verteidigt das Dekret des amerikanischen Präsidenten. Es sei rechtsstaatlich und demokratisch nicht akzeptierbar, dass marktbeherrschende Konzerne bestimmen dürften, was wahr und was falsch sei und was sozial und moralisch zulässige bzw. sozialadäquate Äusserungen seien. Anstatt Trumps Zensurverbot zu kritisieren, wünscht er sich, dass auch bei uns die Portalbetreiber verpflichtet würden, der Staatsanwaltschaft die Identität der Nutzer bzw. deren IP-Adresse bekannt zu geben, gegen welche eine Anzeige hängig ist.
Das Steuergeheimnis gilt nicht mehr absolut
Authors: Strebel Dominique
Published: May 2021

Das Bundesverwaltungsgericht relativiert im Urteil A-1878/2018 erstmals die absolute Geltung des Steuergeheimnisses unter dem Gebot der Justizöffentlichkeit, indem es einen Anspruch auf Einsicht in Entscheide der Eidg. Steuerverwaltung (EStV) bejaht. Damit behandelt das Bundesverwaltungsgericht Strafbescheide der ESTV abweichend von der Praxis des Bundesgerichts zu Strafbescheiden anderer Verwaltungsbehörden oder zu Strafbefehlen von Staatsanwaltschaften. Medienschaffenden empfiehlt der Autor, ihre Gesuche zielgenau zu formulieren, da das BVGer nicht beanstandet hat, dass die EStV für das Zusammenstellen von Entscheiden Kosten auferlegt hat. Die ESTV plant, die rechtskräftigen, anonymisierten Entscheide ab November 2020 vor Ort öffentlich aufzulegen.
a Video Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment â€œVAAFT Techniqueâ€ for Anal Fistulas
Authors: Biswas Devashis , Kadapi Kavya ramrao
Published: May 2021

Fistula in ano -: It is a complete tract with two openings in anorectal region, one in the external surface, second in the anal canal or in higher anatomical structures1. Fistula in ano commonly develops as a symptomatic or asymptomatic abscess due to cryptoglandular infection; treatment depends upon the location of the anatomy or tract of the fistula.
General principle for management of Fistula in ano-Irrigation of the whole fistulous tract, part of the fistulous track which is opened outside  should be excised, obliteration of the internal opening is the key of success, excised tract should be send for histopathological investigation to rule out other pathology e.g Tuberculosis.
The physiological and biochemical properties regulation of lager brewer's yeast
Authors: Гернет Марина Васильевна , Борисенко Ольга Алексеевна , Грибкова Ирина Николаевна
Published: May 2021

Современные методы интенсификации производства напитков брожения часто основаны на активации жизнедеятельности дрожжей под воздействием различных технологических факторов. Одним из путей интенсификации является применение повышенной температуры в процессе накопления биомассы посевных дрожжей, что значительно влияет на удельную скорость размножения микроорганизмов. Исследование направлено на изучение влияния температурного режима накопления биомассы на морфологические и биохимические признаки дрожжей низового брожения. Изучение поставленной задачи проводилось с применением дрожжей низового брожения Saccharomyces cerevisiae расы 8аМ, f, 44 при трех температурных режимах: (6±2) °С, (20±2) °С и (30±2) °С. Исследования показали, что бродильная активность всех исследуемых рас дрожжей, биомасса которых накапливалась при (6±2) °С, выше, чем при (20±2) °С и при более (30±2) °С. Установлено, что в процессе накопления биомассы дрожжей S. cerevisiae расы 44 при температуре (30±2) °С происходит вытеснение исходной культуры другими по форме и размерам клеток. Выявлено пять отличных от исходной культуры колоний, изменения в которых устойчиво сохранялись при последующих многократных пересевах. Пять полученных штаммов обладали более низкой бродильной активностью по сравнению с исходной культурой, а три штамма полностью утратили флокуляционную способность.

Modern methods of intensifying the fermentation beverages production are often based on the yeast vital activity activation under the various technological factors influence. One of the ways of intensification is the high temperature use in the process of seed yeast biomass accumulation, which significantly affects the specific rate of microorganisms reproduction. The study is aimed at studying the biomass accumulation temperature regime influence on the lager yeast morphological and biochemical characteristics. The task study was carried out with the use of lager yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae race 8aM, f, 44 at three temperature conditions: (6±2) °C, (20±2) °C and (30±2) °C. Studies have shown that the fermentation activity of all the studied yeast races, the biomass of which was accumulated at (6±2) °C, is higher than at (20±2) °C and at more than (30±2) °C. It was found that during the S. cerevisiae race 44 yeast biomass accumulation at a temperature of (30±2) °C, the original culture is replaced by other cells in shape and size. Five colonies different from the original culture were identified, the changes in which were steadily preserved during subsequent repeated replanting. Five of the resulting strains had a lower fermentation activity compared to the original culture, and three strains completely lost their flocculation ability.
A new method of preserving compote from grapes with preheating berries in cans with hot water
Authors: Ахмедов Магомед Эмиинович , Демирова Амият Фейзудиновна , Рахманова Мафият Магомедовна
Published: May 2021

Качество консервированных продуктов во многом зависит от уровня совершенства технологии производства. В статье представлены результаты исследований по совершенствованию технологии производства консервированных компотов из винограда с использованием предварительного повышения температурного уровня продукта в банке с использованием нового технического решения, основанного на предварительном повышении температуры ягод винограда после расфасовки в банки, посредством заливки в банки горячей воды, которую заменяют сиропом более высокой температуры. Способ обеспечивает повышение температуры продукта на 20…22 °С и тем самым сокращение продолжительности режимов пастеризации и повышение пищевой ценности продукции. Представлена структурная схема усовершествованной технологии производства компота из винограда. Усовершествованная технология и новый режим стерилизации могут быть рекомендованы для внедрения на консервных предприятиях.

The quality of canned food largely depend son thelevel of perfection of the production technology. The articlepresents the results of researchonimproving the technology of production of canned compotes from grapesusing a prelim in aryyincrea sein the temperature level of the productin the jarusing a new technical solution basedona prelim in aryincrease in the temperature of the grapes, afterpackaging in cans, bypouring intocan sbeforepouring thes yrup with hot water, whichisreplacedwith a syrup of a higher temperature. The method providesanin creasein the temperature of theproductby 20…22 °C and the rebyreduces the duration of pasteurization modesandin creases the nutritional value of the product. The structural scheme of the improved technology of production of compote from grapes is presented. Improved technology and a new sterilization regime can be recommended for implementation in canning enterprises.
Formulation and Evaluation of Intrapacket Dental Film of Antibacterial agent for Periodontitis
Authors: S Anjana , P Beena , S Shahana , Navas Namitha , Mathew Sam Cherian , Salim Salikh , Abraham Elessy
Published: May 2021

Periodontal disease causes destruction of adjuvant structures of the teeth predominate in all groups, ethnicities, races and both genders. Systemic antibiotic therapy is employed in treating this diseased condition, but it has limited due to the lack of accessibility to periodontopathic organisms in the periodontal pocket. These controlled intra-pocket devices also help in the maintenance of therapeutic drug concentration for the desired period of time. The goal of this research was to fabricate controlled release dental films, loaded with Tinidazole as an antimicrobial agent which consists of a common nonbiodegradable polymer and a co-polymer in different proportions for targeted delivery of drug. Nine formulations of Tinidazole dental films were prepared with ethyl cellulose as the main common non- biodegradable polymer and different co-polymers like PVPK30, HPMC K4M, Eudragit RL 100 in three ratios using solvent casting method. These films were evaluated for various parameters like thickness uniformity, content uniformity, swelling index, percentage moisture loss, in vitro drug release studies etc. Based on these parameters best film was selected as the one which is prepared with ethyl cellulose and eudragit RL100 (20%w/w of ethyl cellulose) i.e F5, since it can release the drug above MIC in each day of treatment and it is having sufficient drug content and other required film characteristics. The kinetic models of the formulation F5 was then found and it indicated that the formulation undergoes zero order release kinetics and model fits to Higuchi which is indicative of the diffusion mechanism of drug release. The mechanism of drug release was found to be Non-Fickian. From all of these studies it was concluded that Ethyl cellulose - Eudragit RL100 (20%w/w of EC) combination is the best carrier among the other polymers for the Tinidazole film for the treatment of periodontitis.
Design and In vitro Evaluation of floating tablets Containing Atazanavir Sulphate.
Authors: murthy Gurram Lakshmana , Tamreen Vasia , C. Chandrika , Iryn Shazia , M Suchitra , N Balireddy , Sreeharsha Nagaraja , Sadik Shaik
Published: May 2021

The main of the research work to develop sustained release floating matrix tablets of ATZ, which were designed to extend the gastric residence time and prolong the drug release after oral administration. Different grades of polymers such as EC and HPMC K100M were used in order to get the desired floating and sustained release profile over prolonged period of time. All the formulations extended the drug release up to 24 hours and more and the formulations were optimized for the desired release profiles. The release and floating property was depends on the polymer type and polymer proportion. The formulation prepared with Ethyl cellulose and HPMC K100M has more floating time than the formulation prepared with the Ethyl cellulose alone. The FTIR study shows that there is no drug-polymer interaction. This study gives the preliminary idea about the development of the floating drug delivery systems of Atazanavir without the use of gas generating agent.
Development of Mupirocin- Tinidazole solid- Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded Topical gel for the Management of Bacterial Wound Infections
Authors: Veintramuthusankar Veintramuthusankar , Pushparajudayakumar Pushparajudayakumar , Rajanduraibabyroselin Rajanduraibabyroselin
Published: May 2021

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are novel drug carrier system which consists of a solid matrix composed of a lipid being solid at both room and body temperatures with a mean Particle Size (PS) between 50 and 1000 nm Mupirocin -Tinidazole solid-lipid nanoparticles were prepared using hot homogenization technique using Glyceryl monosterate, Stearic acid, Tween 80 and Poloxamer 188 using hot homogenization technique. Size of the nanoparticles was in the range of 83 to 211 nm with the zeta potential values between -2.1 to -5.2. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) confirms the spherical shape of solid lipid nanoparticles. Entrapment efficiency was best in the F1 formulation. In vitro release of the pure drug was found to be 75% of mupirocin and 66.5% of tinidazole at the end of 1 hr. Drug release from SLNs dispersion followed Korsermeyrs peppas-model, indicating fickian diffusion drug release, while that from the gel followed non Fickian model drug release. Antibacterial activity of the SLNs was less but the SLNs based gel shows no significant difference in activity to that of standard drug gentamycin against aerobic bacteria. The SLNs dispersion exhibited physicochemical stability under refrigeration upto 45 days without significant difference in particle size. Best formulation was developed into a topical gel using sodium alginate and it was evaluated for pH, viscosity, spreadbility, extrudability, bloom strength, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Extrudability and spreadability parameters of the gel are similar to that of marketed Mupirocin 2% cream formulation
Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles from Couroupita guianensis leaf extract–A Simple Green Route
Authors: L Inbathamizh , V Kalpana , Yadav K Revathi
Published: May 2021

With the increase in the potential applications of nanoparticles in pharma and various fields, nanoparticle research is attracting more attention. Though several chemical and physical methods are being used for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles, they are associated with several disadvantages. Couroupita guianensis is a traditional plant with medicinal values. The focus of the study was to follow a green chemistry route to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the leaf extract of Couroupita guianensis as a reductant and stabilizing agent. The boiled aqueous leaf extract with silver nitrate solution on exposure to sunlight showed the maximum absorbance at 430nm indicating the synthesis of AgNPs. Ultra Violet (UV)-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques were used for the characterization of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were found to be spherical and 4.44 – 40.20nm in size. They also seemed to be capped with the significant functional groups present in the leaf extract. Thus, the study suggested Couroupita guianensis mediated green synthesis of AgNPs as an efficient and eco-friendly approach with substantial advantages over the conventional methods. The process could be further scaled-up for mass production and wider applications of AgNPs.
A Study on Continuous Infusion versus Intermittent bolus dosing of Furosemide in Hospitalized Heart failure patients
Authors: D Jaya Shree , Daniel Christy John , Marsh Christan , Daniel Jacintha Sharon , S Lavanya
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Intravenous loop diuretics is one of the cornerstone therapy of heart failure patients presenting with congestion, however the optimal dosage and administration strategies remain poorly defined. We intended to evaluate the differences between the two administration routes based on the efficacy and the renal functions. Methods: Sixty patients with heart failure admitted in the critical care medicine were initially enrolled in the study. Four patients were excluded due to eGFR<15ml/min. The remaining 28 patients in each group (Group I: continuous furosemide infusion (cIV) and Group II: intermittent furosemide bolus injections (iIV) i.e., three equal intermittent daily doses) were administered with Inj. Furosemide (120mg/day). All patients were daily evaluated for NYHA class, urine output, serum electrolytes, BNP, and renal parameters. Results: The efficacy of the either group of intravenous administration were evaluated using the following end points such as cumulative urine output (2,505±796 vs 2140±468 ml/day, p < 0.04), serum creatinine levels, B.U.N levels, G.F.R and BNP levels. 56 patients were studied with 28 in each group. The c1V group showed an increase in urine output and a more significant decrease in the BNP levels when compared to the bolus. We observed a significant difference in GFR (p<0.05), creatinine (p<0.01) and B.U.N (p<0.05) from baseline to the end of treatment in both the groups. Conclusion: The administration of intermittent furosemide bolus injection (iIV) is better than continuous furosemide infusion (c1V). Theoretically, cIV appeared to provide more efficient gradual diuresis with less neurohormonal activation, however it was also associated with increased rate of worsening renal function during hospitalisation.
Comparison of Nano-second and Millisecond Pulse Generators for Biological applications of Electroporation
Authors: Haldiyan Apoorwa , Ghosh Debarshi , Saluja Nitin , Ganeshan Selvakumar , Thakur Gurjeet Singh
Published: May 2021

A phenomenon that transiently increases the permeability of the cells is known as electroporation. It is the basis for number of the applications in biomedical domains. It is essential to consider requirement of high precision and the overall size of electroporator. The recent decades have seen the development of solid-state power electronic modules. The modules enable generation of high voltage millisecond and nano-second pulses with options to reduce the overall size of the equipment. The selective modules are verified with experimental models and available for commercial usage. While the other modules are still undergoing optimization processes. The generator generates pulses for varying performances. Hence, this paper presents knowledge for different nanosecond and millisecond pulse generating circuits for electroporation purposes. The performance parameters like the width of the pulse, its amplitude are compared for different circuit topologies. The performance analysis of different topologies and their impact on the performance of the electroporation at the cell biology level are considered in this paper.