bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feedback de múltiplas fontes na avaliação de competências em cirurgia: revisão de escopo
Authors: Gutierrez Francisca Norma Albuquerque Girão , Monteiro Gina Torres Rego , Pacheco Fádia Carvalho , Moura Junior Arovel de Oliveira , Carvalho Ricardo Vianna de , Marques Ruy Garcia
Published: November 2024

A formação do especialista em cirurgia busca o aprimoramento técnico em consonância com a modernização do manejo estratégico cirúrgico, demandando uma avaliação abrangente que inclua competências técnicas e não técnicas. O feedback de múltiplas fontes, também conhecido como feedback 360, é uma ferramenta formativa de avaliação que coleta dados sobre as competências de um indivíduo no ambiente de trabalho, podendo ser crucial na formação cirúrgica. Pesquisas recentes ressaltam a importância da avaliação das habilidades não técnicas e sua relação com alto desempenho e liderança na cirurgia. O objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma revisão de escopo sobre o feedback de múltiplas fontes na avaliação de competências na prática cirúrgica, visando mapear a literatura, reconhecer as evidências produzidas, examinar sua extensão e localização, além de esclarecer conceitos fundamentais e identificar lacunas no conhecimento. O método empregado será a revisão de escopo conforme os protocolos do Joanna Briggs Institute, com a busca realizada em diversas bases de dados e literatura cinzenta. Serão incluídos estudos que abordem avaliação, competências, prática cirúrgica e feedback de múltiplas fontes. Os resultados esperados incluem a identificação das fontes de evidência, critérios de inclusão e um fluxograma descritivo dos achados, contribuindo para o avanço do conhecimento nessa área crucial da formação cirúrgica
Nacimiento, desarrollo y muerte del Instituto Bacteriológico de Chile
Authors: Ledermann Dehnhardt Walter
Published: November 2024

Fundado en 1929 a instancias de Eugenio Suárez y teniendo como Director a Rudolf Kraus, el Instituto Bacteriológico de Chile continuó con los objetivos del Instituto de Higiene, formando bacteriólogos, para la investigación, la elaboración de sueros, vacunas y otros productos biológicos, así como el control de la fabricación y venta de ellos en el país. Kraus (1929-1932) y Suárez (1932-1961) enfatizaron la producción de biológicos, como neoarsolán, penicilina, cloranfenicol, vitamina A, hormonas, sueros y vacunas, entre éstas BCG, variólica, anti rabia, coqueluche, difteria, tétanos, tifoidea, postergando desarrollo sus otras funciones. Con la llegada de Mario Miranda (1969-1972) y el Proyecto Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo se inició la formación de una Red Nacional de Laboratorios. La falta de mantención y reposición de equipos y de entrenamiento a personal adecuado, agudizó las pérdidas en la producción de biológicos y el gobierno militar puso fin a ella, centrándose en la Red y ampliando las funciones de control, hasta dar el ineludible paso al Instituto de salud Pública de Chile en 1989.
The Effect of Regional Fiscal Capacity Index, Government Expenditure, and Inflation on Human Development in Indonesia
Authors: Ayed Said Fachrizal Sasra , Apridar  , Silvia Vivi
Published: November 2024

Although still below the global average, Indonesia Human Development Index is increasing annually. The HDI of provinces in Indonesia also exhibited an upward trend. Fiscal capacity, government spending, and inflation are subject to continuous fluctuation. Consequently, this study aims to analyze the effects of regional fiscal capacity, government spending, and inflation on Indonesia's Human Development Index in both short and long terms. Secondary quantitative data were also used in this study. This study employs panel data obtained from the Ministry of Finance and Central Bureau of Statistics, focusing on 33 Indonesian provinces. The data used for this study comprised 594 observations, which were analyzed using the ARDL method. The results indicate that the fiscal capacity variable positively affects the Human Development Index in the short run but has no effect in the long run. The government expenditure variable does not affect the Human Development Index in the short term but exhibits a positive effect in the long term. Conversely, the inflation variable negatively affects the Human Development Index in the short term but positively affects it in the long term. The Indonesian government should implement more intensive policies to improve its HDI. This includes utilizing fiscal space with a budget that prioritizes education, health, economic improvement, and maintaining inflation stability to enhance people's welfare as an indicator of the HDI calculation. Researchers in the same field should consider incorporating additional variables and employing a larger sample size to produce more comprehensive, in-depth research and clearer results regarding the Human Development Index in Indonesia.
A Study of Clean Water Resources Development Policy in Atambua at Belu Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Mau Marialaeta Lidvina Phou Iki Bere , Warsono Hardi , Herawati Augustin Rina
Published: November 2024

Developing clean water resources is essential for policies addressing populations that lack access to safe potable water. Belu Regency is classified as underdeveloped, partially due to the community's limited capacity to manage existing water resources for basic needs. This study investigates the implementation of clean water resource development policies in the Belu Regency and identifies the supporting and inhibiting factors. Employing a descriptive qualitative methodology, this study involves stakeholders such as government entities, private sector organizations, businesses, and non-governmental organizations. Data collection encompasses library and field research through observations, interviews, and documentation. These findings indicate effective policy implementation; however, the objectives have not been fully achieved. Supporting factors include community and stakeholder participation while inhibiting factors include communication, resource capability, implementers' attitudes, and the bureaucratic structure. The study concluded that single-region management may result in conflicts of interest in water regulation between the residents of the two regions. Consequently, collaboration between the government and stakeholders is necessary, involving an integrated water resource management pattern with participation from the community, religious leaders, and business sector, based on UNDP provisions. This cooperation is feasible because of the strong emotional and cultural ties between the two countries' populations.
Implementation of the Role-Playing to Develop Speaking Skills for Early Childhood
Authors: Fajriani Kartika , Royani Esti , Afrizal Teuku
Published: November 2024

Some kindergarten children exhibit delayed speech development and require an appropriate learning methodology to enhance their speaking skills during early childhood, specifically between the ages of 4-5 years. This study aimed to investigate the application of role-playing in developing speaking skills and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors for developing speaking abilities in kindergarten children aged 4-5 years in Samarinda, Indonesia. This qualitative study employed observations, interviews, and documentation as data-collection techniques. Data sources were derived from primary data, namely principals, homeroom teachers, and representatives of the curriculum section, whereas secondary data were obtained from documentation. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman method in three stages: data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicated that role-playing in developing the speaking skills of children aged 4-5 years in kindergarten is determined by the theme, sub-theme, topic of activities, and play materials. It is implemented using a rolling system wherein the teacher explains the child's role, provides examples, and elucidates the game's rules regarding subsequent play activities. The teacher then invited the children to select their roles and read storylines. Once the child comprehends the activities, the teacher encourages the child to engage in play. The teacher's responsibility is to supervise while posing questions to obtain information about the child's play experience while providing examples of communication by delivering appropriate vocabulary. Evaluation of role-playing involves indirect observations during children's play, assessment of children's work, notes on children's developmental observations, and indicators that serve as learning targets.
SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA PARA O ENSINO DE TRIGONOMETRIA: CONSTRUÇÃO E USO DO TEODOLITO CASEIRO NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Santos Erica Pimentel , Costa Acylena Coelho
Published: November 2024

The article presents a study about Trigonometry in the right triangle through the use of the theodolite. The objective is to investigate the effectiveness of the application of a didactic sequence in the teaching and learning of Trigonometry, with the help of the theodolite, for high school students. As a theoretical foundation, the studies of Zabala (1998), Freitas and Bittar (2004), Pires and Gomes (2004), Silva (2015) and Prudchenko (2021) were adopted. The research is characterized as qualitative, which was applied to 31 students of the 2nd year of high school of a public school in the municipality of Mocajuba, in the state of Pará. A didactic sequence was elaborated, structured with 2 activities, whose results showed that even with some difficulties, the use of the theodolite brought a new way of visualizing the content. It was concluded that the applied didactic sequence can be considered a potential for the teaching and learning process of trigonometric concepts.
Nursing students' perceptions of clinical experiences and practices
Authors: Cáceres Débora Analía , Llanos-Cervantes Verónica Iveth , Mongiano Tamara Celeste , Morales Jesica Daniela , Saravia Rocha Gloria Roxana , Ríos Norma Beatriz , Dalton Brenda Cecilia , Canova-Barrios Carlos Jesús
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Las prácticas clínicas se consideran cruciales para el desarrollo de las competencias para el futuro ejercicio profesional, e inciden sobre la satisfacción de los estudiantes, la continuidad con el cursado y en la calidad formativa del futuro graduado.Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo. Se utilizó un instrumento validado diseñado por Matheus, compuesto por 24 reactivos agrupados en tres dimensiones: Entorno de prácticas, Desempeño docente y Proceso de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje.Resultados: Participaron 70 estudiantes, con una media de edad de 27,79 años, en su mayoría de género femenino (78,57%), laboralmente activos (71,43%) y cursando el cuarto año del plan de estudios (32,86%). Las dimensiones con los mayores y menores puntajes fueron Desempeño docente y Proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje, respectivamente; sin embargo, en ambos casos la valoración fue favorable. La percepción global de las prácticas fue positiva con una media de 84,27% sobre el puntaje total. Los encuestados de género masculino presentaron una mejor percepción de las prácticas clínicas (p:0,017), mientras, aquellos que trabajaban en entornos sanitarios obtuvieron medias más bajas en la dimensión Entorno de prácticas (p:0,035).Conclusiones: La percepción de los estudiantes sobre la práctica clínica fue mayormente favorable y estuvo relacionada con el género y el tipo de trabajo realizado. Se sugiere realizar evaluaciones periódicas para identificar tempranamente los factores que inciden negativamente en la percepción de las prácticas clínicas, con el fin de mejorar el aprendizaje y la satisfacción, y reducir la deserción.
The Impact of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on the Psychological and Physical Health of Military Personnel
Authors: Rogozhan Petro , Borysova Olesia , Volnova Lesia , Pichurin Valerii , Lobanov Serhii
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Given that PTSD is a complex problem in military personnel, it is important to characterize its impact on both mental and physical health. Objectives: The purpose is to analyze the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder on the psychological and physical health of military personnel based on the consideration of illustrative clinical cases. Methods: The methods of systematic literature analysis, thematic analysis, comparison and observation were used. The latter was expressed in 2 forms: clinical and everyday observation. Based on a strict selection of scientific sources (10 inclusion criteria were formed), the most relevant and relevant literature was selected. Results: The results showed that symptoms can include agitation, reflective feelings, flashbacks to painful events. Conclusions: The paper summarizes that PTSD can manifest itself at different stages, starting with acute acute PTSD (from 1 to 3 months), chronic PTSD (more than 3 months) to delayed PTSD (after 6 months) and complex PTSD. It can lead to cardiovascular problems, digestive problems, headaches, fibromyalgia, etc. Thus, it has been established that the impact of PTSD is multifaceted, as it includes both mental and physical health problems.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PANCASILA AND CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION LEARNING
Authors: Sihombing Grace Kelly Hadiputri , Lubis Laila Nurfitrah , Oktavianda Melti
Published: November 2024

The national urgency of Pancasila and Citizenship Education in overcoming the moral decadence faced by the nation. Character education in higher education, especially through the mandatory general courses of Pancasila and Citizenship Education, is a solution to form good character in students in accordance with the mandate of Law 12 of 2012 concerning Higher Education. The research was conducted in several universities in Pontianak City, focusing on the effectiveness of the courses in fulfilling the effectiveness of the law regarding the implementation of the mandatory curriculum of Pancasila and Citizenship Education courses in the context of local society. The research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis method. The results of the research will be in the form of reports and articles proposed for publication in accredited national journals. The purpose of this study is to show the effectiveness of the Pancasila and Citizenship Education courses in forming student character, as well as what strategies have been carried out by universities to achieve the effectiveness of MKWK learning in universities in Pontianak City. The results of the research are expected to contribute to building closer cooperation between the government and universities in strengthening character education. This can be done through knowledge exchange, curriculum development, regulations, or other supporting programs to strengthen character learning at the tertiary level.
THE ROLE OF LAW IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT RETAIL BUSINESS
Authors: Yuwafi Rani
Published: November 2024

Indonesia's economic system, which is increasing in modern times, requires the Indonesian people to play an active role in improving their welfare and economic level. To improve the level of the economy, people open various kinds of businesses. One of his efforts is to open a retail business. Retail business is a business that sells goods and services to end users or distributed directly to consumers. The retail business in Indonesia is currently growing very rapidly along with the shift from traditional to modern lifestyles, therefore this golden opportunity is utilized by retailers who have large capital and good management skills to open retail business businesses such as mini markets, super markets, hypermarkets and and so on that allows people to shop with facilities and comfort as well as good service, besides that the price of each product is quite affordable.
O BRASIL MULTIFACETADO
Authors: Martinez Iris Nabolotnyj , Giongo Marina Grandi
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho consiste em uma resenha crítica do livro “Gênero e desigualdades: limites da democracia no Brasil”, de autoria de Flávia Biroli. Publicado em 2018, a obra é uma contribuição de relevância no campo da teoria política, feminismos e estudos sobre democracia, trazendo reflexões importantes para se pensar o Brasil da atualidade. Dentre as questões que o livro enseja, e desenvolvidos na presente exposição, estão as consequências do neoconservadorismo e do neoliberalismo para a democracia, a exemplo da crescente despolitização da sociedade, ao lado de reações desproporcionais a pautas como igualdade de gênero, classe, raça e etnia em Estados que se reivindicam como democráticos. Tal quadro sinaliza para retrocessos no âmbito de direitos fundamentais, impactando diretamente na vida das mulheres e no exercício de suacidadania.
Recent Progress in Human Skin-Inspired Multifunctional Flexible
Tactile Sensors
Authors: Lee Bo-Yeon
Published: November 2024

Tactile sensation plays a crucial role in human interaction with the environment,
facilitating the perception of various physical stimuli such as pressure,
texture and temperature through the skin. Mimicking human tactile perception,
the development of flexible tactile sensors has seen significant growth,
significantly expanding their applicability in robotics, medical devices and
wearable technology. This paper reviews recent advances in flexible tactile
sensor technology, with a focus on the development of multifunctional sensors
capable of detecting multiple types of tactile stimuli simultaneously. Unlike
traditional rigid sensors, flexible tactile sensors integrate the sensitivity
and elasticity of human skin, enabling them to adapt to different surfaces and
detect a wider range of stimuli.
Development of Cone-Type Stretchable Transdermal Drug Delivery
Microneedle Patch Based on 3D Printing Technology
Authors: Rahman Aqila Che Ab , Lim Sooman
Published: November 2024

This study explored the potential of microneedle technology in transdermal drug
delivery application based on a one-step fabrication process using digital
light-processing (DLP) printing. To fabricate high-resolution microneedles, DLP
printing parameters which include the printing angle were optimized from 0°, 40°
and 60° in x-axes. The microneedle substrate was optimized to maintain high
stretchability and durability to adapt to dynamic deformations resulting from
human movement. The fabricated microneedle demonstrated good ability to
effectively penetrate the artificial skin, releasing Rhodamine B as the
therapeutic drug molecule in this study. This one-step DLP fabrication process
is efficient and versatile, enabling the rapid development of wearable devices
for transdermal Drug Deliv. These results emphasize the potential of microneedle
technology for creating wearable devices that facilitate convenient, pain-free,
and effective delivery of various bioactive molecules for both
self-administration and clinical applications.
Beyond acute infection: mechanisms underlying post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 (PASC)
Authors: Adhikari Anurag , Maddumage Janesha , Eriksson Emily M , Annesley Sarah J , Lawson Victoria A , Bryant Vanessa L , Gras Stephanie
Published: November 2024

Immune dysregulation is a key aspect of post‐acute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (PASC), also known as long COVID, with sustained activation of immune cells, T cell exhaustion, skewed B cell profiles, and disrupted immune communication thereby resulting in autoimmune‐related complications.

The gut is emerging as a critical link between microbiota, metabolism and overall dysfunction, potentially sharing similarities with other chronic fatigue conditions and PASC.

Immunothrombosis and neurological signalling dysfunction emphasise the complex interplay between the immune system, blood clotting, and the central nervous system in the context of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection.

Clear research gaps in the design of PASC studies, especially in the context of longitudinal research, stand out as significant areas of concern.
The economic burden of long COVID in Australia: more noise than signal?
Authors: Angeles Mary Rose , Dinh Thi Thu Ngan , Zhao Ting , de Graaff Barbara , Hensher Martin
Published: November 2024

Objective

To estimate the potential economic burden of long COVID in Australia.

Design

A stock‐and‐flow model of weekly estimated numbers of people with long COVID (January 2021 to June 2023); application of proxy cost estimates from people living with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; time series analysis of labour market and social security datasets.

Setting

The working age Australian population.

Main outcome measures

The likely number of Australians severely impacted by long COVID; the economic cost of long COVID; and the impacts of long COVID, determined by analysis of labour market data.

Results

At its peak in late 2022, between 181 000 and 682 000 Australians may have experienced some long COVID symptoms, of whom 40 000–145 000 may have been severely affected. Severe cases potentially decreased to affecting 10 000–38 000 people by June 2023. The likely economic burden of long COVID in Australia during 2022 was between $1.7 billion and $6.3 billion (some 0.07% to 0.26% of gross domestic product). Labour market data suggest that between 25 000 (February 2023) and 103 000 (June 2023) more working age Australians reported being unable to work due to long term sickness than would have been predicted based on pre‐COVID‐19 trends. This does not appear to have translated into increased claims for Disability Support Pensions, but numbers of working age Carer Allowance recipients have grown markedly since 2022.

Conclusions

Long COVID likely imposed a small but significant aggregate toll on the Australian economy, while exposing tens of thousands of Australians to substantial personal economic hardship and contributing to labour market supply constraints. Yet while some signal from long COVID is discernible in the labour force data, Australia lacks adequate direct surveillance data to securely guide policy making.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL ON THE MATHEMATICS LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN RELATION AND FUNCTION MATERIAL OF GRADE X STUDENTS AT SMK NEGERI 1 TOMA.
Authors: Sozisokhi Maduwu
Published: November 2024

The specialist's point is to decide the impact of the Issue Put together Getting the hang of learning model with respect to the math learning accomplishment of class X understudies at SMK Negeri 1 Toma. This exploration utilizes quantitative strategies with a Semi Trial approach. Inspecting was done utilizing the Group Irregular Examining procedure, where the class was picked arbitrarily from every one of the populaces utilized by the scientist. There was likewise a complete exploration populace of 47. The classes picked by the specialists were the ATPH-X class with 18 understudies as the exploratory class and TKJ-X with 20 understudies as the control class. The instrument utilized is a test. The aftereffects of exploration information handling showed that the typical score for the trial class pretest was 45.48 and the control class was 41.00 and the exploratory class posttest was 78.61 and the control class was 61.75. Speculation testing utilizes the Free Examples Test where the Sig (2-followed) esteem is 0.000 < 0.05. It tends to be reasoned that there is a tremendous contrast in the Posttest of the two classes, implying that the Issue Based Getting the hang of learning model affects understudy learning accomplishment in relationship material and capability. This is impacted by understudies who assume a functioning part in tackling issues connected with regular day to day existence. The findings of this study ought to be taken into consideration by future researchers when choosing a learning model. They propose that: (1) the Problem Based Learning model becomes an alternative for teachers in order for students to maximize their learning outcomes, particularly with regard to the Relationship and Function material; (2) students are advised to improve their ability to understand the material through their knowledge of everyday life; and (3)
Abseits unter Menschen
Authors: Lubonja Liri
Published: November 2024

17 Jahre lebte Liri Lubonja als Verbannte im Norden Albaniens, in einer Kleinstadt, später in einem abgelegenen Dorf, wo sie sich täglich beim Polizeiposten melden musste. Das kommunistische Regime unter Diktator Enver Hoxha hatte sie 1973 in die Verbannung geschickt, weil ihr Mann und ihr ältester Sohn aus politischen Gründen inhaftiert wurden. Todi Lubonja wurde im Zuge parteiinterner Säuberungen als Direktor des staatlichen Fernsehens abgesetzt und zu 15 Jahren Gefängnis verurteilt. Ihr Sohn Fatos Lubonja wurde ebenfalls inhaftiert und kam erst 1991 nach Ende des Kommunismus frei. In ihren Erinnerungen beschreibt Liri Lubonja den Alltag im sozialistischen Albanien als Frau, als Intellektuelle, als Verstoßene im Abseits der Gesellschaft. Anschaulich porträtiert sie die Menschen, unter denen sie lebt, Nachbarinnen, Bäuerinnen, Arbeiter, Funktionäre. Sie analysiert die bedrückenden Mechanismen von Überwachung und Sippenhaft, den Kampf um Selbstachtung und Familienzusammenhalt, aber auch die noch immer bestehenden Klassenunterschiede im ländlichen Albanien.
Harmonielehre
Authors: Goschler Constantin , Pulte Stefan
Published: November 2024

Die deutsche Einigung bedeutete für die Kulturlandschaft einen tiefen Einschnitt. Rasch kämpften im Osten wie im Westen Berlins Orchester und Chöre, die bisher vom Rundfunk getragen worden waren, um ihre Existenz – bis 1994 die ROC GmbH entstand, deren Gründungsgeschichte exemplarisch die wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und mentalen Verwerfungen des deutschen Einigungsprozesses zeigt. „Harmonielehre“ erzählt, wie aus Improvisation eine überraschende Lösung entstand, die „ungleich vereint“ (Steffen Mau) aus der bloßen Nachahmung der alten Bundesrepublik herausführte.
Verbrannt in der Polizeizelle
Authors: Overath Margot
Published: November 2024

„Ich habe zu keinem Zeitpunkt seit dem Brandereignis als gesicherte Erkenntnis angesehen und sehe auch heute nicht als gesicherte Erkenntnis an, dass Ouri Jallow selbst das Feuer gelegt hat, wenngleich dies vom Landgericht Magdeburg, vom Bundesgerichtshof auch nicht gerügt, so festgestellt worden ist.“ (Aktenvermerk des Dessauer Oberstaatsanwalts Christian Preissner vom 3. März 2015). Oury Jalloh starb am 7. Januar 2005 an Händen und Füßen gefesselt in einer Zelle des Dessauer Polizeigewahrsams. Wie dennoch nicht nach Schuldigen für seinen Tod gesucht wurde und alle Hinweise auf Tat und Täter ignoriert und unterdrückt wurden, ist in diesem Buch zu lesen.
Aerosol Jet-Printed Sensors for Aero-Engine Component Health Monitoring
Authors: Jeevan Danaraj Edgar
Published: November 2024

Aerosol jet printing (AJP) is emerging as a versatile additive manufacturing technique, particularly suitable for fabricating high-precision sensors in the aerospace industry for component health monitoring. Embedded sensors allow monitoring of the structural integrity for real-time damage detection and assessment. Key developments of the various types of 3D-printed sensors are discussed, highlighting the advantages of this technology. The paper concludes with an assessment of AJP sensor technology in terms of material compatibility, reliability, surface finishing, and manufacturing scale-up.
Current Perspectives in Anesthesiology Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Bodmer Natalie , Kothari Perin , Tsai Albert , Kiwakyou Larissa
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores the current state of anesthesiology graduate medical education (GME), highlighting recent program changes and innovations in education. We address the ongoing efforts to mitigate trainee burnout, promote diversity, equity and inclusion within anesthesiology training programs, and adapt to the changing educational landscape in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The virtual and hybrid education strategies adopted during the pandemic continue to provide flexible education opportunities for graduate medical learners, while emerging immersive technologies hold promise as ways to increase access to simulation training in critical procedural and communication skills. By examining these trends, this chapter aims to inform and support anesthesiologists and GME program leaders as they navigate evolving educational paradigms and work to improve trainee experiences and outcomes.
Comparison of Four Different DNA Isolation Methods from MGIT Culture for Long-Read Whole Genome Sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Arslan Nazlı , Demiray-Gurbuz Ebru , Ozkutuk Nuri , Esen Nuran , Özkütük Ayşe Aydan
Published: November 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, particularly due to drug resistance and limitations in rapid diagnosis. Next-generation sequencing (NGS), especially long-read whole genome sequencing (WGS), shows promise for rapidly detecting TB and drug resistance, but it requires high-quality DNA, which is difficult to extract from Mycobacterium tuberculosis due to its complex cell wall. Objectives: This study evaluated four DNA isolation methods for extracting pure DNA from M. tuberculosis, aiming to standardize protocols for long-read WGS. Methods: Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV colonies were grown in BACTEC MGIT liquid medium. Two pellets were prepared as the initial material for the DNA extraction protocol: Pellets from 1 mL McFarland 2 suspensions and all growing colonies from two MGIT liquid cultures. Four DNA extraction methods were used: The cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method, GeneJET Genomic DNA Purification Kit, Quick-DNA Fecal/Soil Microbe Kit, and Genematrix Tissue/Bacterial DNA Purification Kit, with some modifications. DNA quality was assessed based on concentration, purity, and integrity. Results: Among the tested methods, the Quick-DNA Fecal/Soil Kit yielded approximately 85 ng/mL of DNA and a purity of 1.9 at 260/280 nm from the colonial pellet of two MGIT tubes. However, lower intact DNA [DNA integrity number (DIN) ~ 6.8] was obtained with this kit. The CTAB method provided the highest intact DNA (DIN ~ 9.5), although the purity of the DNA was not sufficient. Conclusions: Based on three repetitions of McF-2 and colonial pellet extractions, the Quick-DNA Fecal/Soil Kit yielded the highest DNA quantity and purity but showed lower integrity compared to other methods, indicating the need for adjustments. A pellet from two MGIT cultures (~ 100 µL) is suitable for long-read WGS with this kit. However, a larger sample size is required to generalize these findings. For effective long-read sequencing of M. tuberculosis, DNA extraction protocols must be optimized to balance yield, fragment size, and purity for accurate sequencing and drug resistance analysis.
Game-Based Learning and Gamification, Effective Innovation in Emergency Medicine Training Program
Authors: Heydari Meysam , Aghili Mehrad , Vahidi Elnaz
Published: November 2024

Background: Game-based learning (GBL) and gamification have recently been applied in medical education. Both approaches utilize methods to teach specific skills or knowledge in a more motivating manner than traditional teaching. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of GBL and gamification in an emergency medicine (EM) residency training program by comparing education through e-learning with GBL and gamification. Methods: We randomly enrolled EM residents into two groups. Over the course of one educational year, one group of residents participated in a GBL and gamification course (10 designed GBL and gamification sessions), while the other group received e-learning materials (10 designed podcasts and videos). Traditional training programs continued as routine in both groups. After the intervention, we assessed learners' educational achievements (exam scores) in both groups. Additionally, EM residents' viewpoints (in the first group) on the innovative program were collected using the model for the evaluation of educational games (MEEGA). Finally, the short version of the postgraduate hospital educational environment measure (PHEEM) was administered to evaluate learners' general feedback (in the first group) about the new educational environment after the intervention. Results: Game-based learning and gamification significantly improved scores in written, oral, and electronic exams assessing knowledge, skills, clinical reasoning, and judgment among EM residents (P-value < 0.05). All MEEGA items under “Usability” and “Player Experience” had mean scores > 3 (indicating agree and totally agree) (median score = 3 - 4). All PHEEM items under “Teacher Support and Skills” and “Work Conditions and Allocated Time for Learning” also had mean scores > 3 (indicating agree and totally agree) (median score = 4). Conclusions: Game-based learning and gamification enhanced EM residents’ knowledge, skills, clinical reasoning, and judgment. Learners largely agreed on the positive impact of the intervention on their residency training program.
Kaiserliche Feierlichkeiten in Deutsch-Kamerun um 1900 : Fotografien der Kaisergeburtstagsfeier zwischen kolonialer Lebenskultur und Konstruktion des Weißseins
Authors: Nkouda Sopgui Romuald Valentin
Published: November 2024

This paper looks at political celebrations in the German Empire and uses photographic examples to show how imperial celebrations were part of colonial life culture and a means of distancing oneself from the African/non-white 'other'. The birthday celebration of the German Kaiser Wilhelm II served to maintain white imperial identity through an artificial separation from the colonised, even though coloniser and colonised shared many intimate spaces. This paper will use visual sources from the colonial period to analyse issues of whiteness in the German and Cameroonian contexts, showing how white imperialists were willing to go to great lengths to maintain their supposed whiteness. It will also present an idea that allows for a connection between white cultural elitism and colonial domination. I will discuss the images according to the approaches of Whiteness Studies in combination with Panofsky's method of image analysis.
Erinnerungen in Worten : die Rolle der Sprache in der Exilliteratur in den Werken von Saša Stanišić
Authors: Murić Semih
Published: November 2024

The paper explores the role of the native language of Yugoslavia in Saša Stanišić's novel How the Soldier Repairs the Gramophone. On one hand, the texts portray the social, political, and societal realities of pre- and post-war life in the former homeland, and on the other hand, they delve into profound personal and collective memories. The author examines the memories and language of the characters originating from Yugoslavia. The depiction of cultural, social, and political realities, which emerges from the literary representations and the theme of memory, is directly crafted within the texts. Literary works by authors like Saša Stanišić create this image by intertwining personal experiences with fictional narratives.
Pregnancy monitoring and parturition in dogs
Authors: Razquin Patricio , Sones Jenny
Published: November 2024

Management of term pregnant dogs is a major and frequent clinical situation in small animal reproductive veterinary practices, and can be challenging. Whether a pregnancy is planned or unplanned, these cases require careful monitoring to prevent maternal distress and neonatal loss. Reproductive system evaluation of female dogs is useful for determination of ovulation during breeding management, pregnancy diagnosis, and for timing of cesarean surgery, among other clinical scenarios. Basic understanding of female dog’s reproductive physiology is mandatory to interpret relevant hormonal assays and other complementary diagnostics such as vaginal cytological evaluation and imaging (ultrasonography and radiography) for clinical decisions. This review covers physiology, diagnostics, and clinical outcomes relevant for pregnancy monitoring and parturition.
Nkurunkeobi* as a Moral Principle for Character Formation in students
Authors: Okoro Chiedozie
Published: November 2024

Nkurunkeobi also known as nkpurunkeobi is the Igbo moral principle of conscience which is further built on the theory of virtue. It is a principle meant to inculcate sound moral teaching and steady character in children, which should guide them all through life. This principle formed the central tenet of morality in traditional Igbo society. It is a principle that was meant to achieve moral balance in the society. In fact, it formed the pivot upon which the concept of mmadu is anchored. Mmadu or human being without conscience is simply an immoral individual with misplaced moral priority and such a moral misfit is a wrong signal for the entire society. Consequently, this paper discusses the Igbo moral principle of nkurunkeobi as a foundation for teaching moral character and creative thinking in primary and secondary schools for national development.
Principles of Character Formation and Child Upbringing in Tiv Society
Authors: Anjov Terfa Kahaga
Published: November 2024

The world is rapidly changing. The product of the changes humans encounter in life has direct bearing on the structures of society in different ways. Negatively, the values of unity and progress have been affected to the extent that morality does not count as a value. To return to a society in which Tiv people had value for unity and togetherness there is need to revisit the Principles of Character formation and Child Upbringing in Tiv Society. Sadly enough, premium in Tiv society is no longer placed on character. What counts is the wealth of an individual. The paper examines the gradual erosion of the value system in Tiv society with multiplier effect on the children who invariably are agents of social and moral change. New names are used for the baptism of evil. These are; smartness, fastness and intelligence. Only the people who are weak call for the values of justice, equality, purity, honesty and truthfulness. This assumption has taken the Tiv person into the valley of suffering and death. This study concludes that if we want a healthier society, we must lead by good examples as parents and political leaders.
The right to education in the mother tongue for Ukrainian refugees in Romania according to international and national law
Authors:   Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Bethlendi András
Published: November 2024

Since the outbreak of the Russian invasion in February 2022, millions of Ukrainian citizens have sought refuge in Romania, with a significant number of people still remaining in the country as of the latest reports. Romanian government data indicate that by April 2024, approximately 154,617 Ukrainian refugees, including 50,000 school-aged children, were residing in the country. Before this crisis, Romania had established robust educational language rights for its Ukrainian minority of around 40,000 citizens. This study rigorously examines these pre-existing language rights within Romania’s legal framework, focusing on public education provisions. Central to the inquiry is whether the comprehensive language rights afforded to Romania’s Ukrainian minority could be extended to the Ukrainian-speaking refugees. The study begins with an introduction contextualizing the refugee crisis and outlining the existing legal framework for minority language rights in Romania. The legal analysis covers constitutional and sub-constitutional provisions, alongside with an examination of international agreements such as the bilateral treaty between Romania and Ukraine, the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, and the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. Special emphasis is placed on education provisions, including curriculum design, textbooks, language of instruction, and decision-making. By addressing these pivotal questions, this study contributes to the theoretical discourse around the personal scope of minority language rights in Europe and offers a nuanced insight into Romania’s legal framework on minority language education. It also seeks to elucidate how Romania’s legal commitments accommodate both established minority communities and newly arrived refugees with similar linguistic and cultural backgrounds. Further sociological research is needed to explore the implementation of Ukrainian-language education to the benefit of the Ukrainian refugees, which was beyond the scope of this study. Nevertheless, Romania possesses all the necessary legal elements to serve as a truly best practice model in Europe for organizing and ensuring good quality education in the mother tongue for Ukrainian refugees.
Partner Sosyotelizmi ile İlişki Doyumu Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Öncü Eslem Betül , Kuşcu Ebru
Published: November 2024

Bu araştırma partner sosyotelizmi ile ilişki doyumu arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi için yapılmıştır. Ayrıca bu kavramların yaş, cinsiyet, ilişki durumu, eğitim düzeyi, çalışma durumu, en sık kullanılan sosyal medya platformu, sosyal medyada geçirilen ortalama süre ve paylaşım sıklığı gibi sosyo-demografik değişkenler ile aralarındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini romantik ilişki içinde olan 270 yetişkin birey oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunun belirlenmesi için basit seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analiz yapılırken, cinsiyet gibi iki gruplu değişkenleri ile ölçek puanlarının karşılaştırılmasında Bağımsız Örneklem T-Testi, üç grup veya daha fazla değişkenleri ile ölçek puanlarının karşılaştırılmasında Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi kullanılmıştır. Gruplar arasında farklılık görülen değerlerin hangi grup bileşeninden kaynaklandığını belirlemek için ise LSD Post Hoc Testleri kullanılmıştır. Ölçekler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesinde yol analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada ölçme aracı olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu, İlişki Doyum Ölçeği (İDÖ), Partner Sosyotelizmi Ölçeği (PSÖ) ve Genel Sosyotelist Olma (GSO) Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi Sosyal Bilimler İçin İstatistik Programı (SPSS), 26.0 Statistics Paket Programı aracılığı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda partner sosyotelizmi ile ilişki doyumu arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur.
Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Asia and the Pacific –It’s Matter for Economic Performance with the 4th Industrial Revolution
Authors: Wickramasinghe G.L.D. , Wickramasinghe Vathsala
Published: November 2024

The very nature of work, labor market composition, and skill requirements are severely affected by technology-driven transformations currently underway with the 4th industrial revolution (4IR). The effect of 4IR technologies on technical and vocational education and training (TVET) and the contribution of TVET to the labor market is explicit. The paper presents the findings of a study that investigated whether TVET institutions are prepared to face the challenges of 4IR. The data for the study were collected by surveying 428 teachers from 15 countries in Asia and the Pacific engaged in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields at the tertiary level. The findings of our study undoubtedly bring greater attention to the initiatives of TVET in these countries in preparing the workforce for job roles necessitated in the 4IR. The findings can also be used to frame policy recommendations for the growth of economies.
Eksistensi MUI Bukittinggi dalam Pembinaan Anak Jalanan
Authors: Rozalm Salsabilla , Tyka Tyka
Published: November 2024

This research is motivated by the role of the MUI towards street children in Bukittinggi City. The purpose of this research is to determine the role of the Bukittinggi MUI in developing street children. The method used in this research is qualitative, with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation studies.  The location of this research is in Bukittinggi City. In collecting data for this research, the key informants were the Bukittinggi City MUI, Social Service, Ministry of Religion, UPTD, and street children. The results of the research show that the Bukittinggi City MUI is active in carrying out research on the existence of the MUI in developing street children, namely that the Bukittinggi MUI plays a significant role in providing education and skills that help street children to improve their quality of life. The programs offered, such as religious learning and skills training, have had a visible positive impact in increasing children's self-confidence and motivation to achieve a better future. Children feel accepted and cared for by MUI administrators, who create a supportive environment for them. Even though the children face challenges, such as difficulty focusing and feeling inferior due to their background, they remain optimistic and hope to change their fate. Through the support provided by MUI, they have the hope of obtaining better jobs and contributing to society. In conclusion, the existence of MUI Bukittinggi in developing street children not only provides education and skills, but also changes the way children view themselves and their future.
Secularization in the Muslim World: Relationship Between Government Performance and Religiosity
Authors: Dogan Orhan
Published: November 2024

Why Are There More Atheists in the Muslim World? For many years, Muslim countries were outside the secularization trend experienced in different parts of the world. This situation seems to have changed in recent years. Surveys in many Muslim countries show that Muslim societies are rapidly moving away from religion, trust in religious leaders and Islamist parties is declining, and fewer people want religion to have an impact on politics. Yet, it seems that none of the explanations provided by secularization literature, such as revised modernization theory or religious markets theory, can help us adequately understand the decline in religiosity in Muslim countries. I claim that there could be a relationship between people's well-being and religiosity and argue that governments' declining economic performance can explain the recent developments taking place in Muslim countries. Various authors have already shown that politics can influence religion just as religion and religiosity influence politics. With this study, I tried to provide details about conditions under which politics can affect religion and religiosity in Muslim countries. Considering that religion affects every part of Muslims' lives, results from this study may give us an idea about the future of politics in the Muslim world.