bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efectos socioterritoriales de la estudiantización en Temuco, Chile, y dinámicas a causa del COVID-19
Authors: Prada Trigo José , Aravena Solís Natalia , Barra Vieira Pablo , Sánchez Ondoño Irene
Published: September 2023

La estudiantización es un fenómeno socioterritorial cuyas consecuencias pueden dinamizar la estructura, las relaciones sociales y el desarrollo de algunos sectores de las ciudades, aunque también pueden generar efectos adversos. En el caso de Temuco, ciudad intermedia del sur de Chile, la llegada de estudiantes ha producido una mayor oferta de servicios universitarios, materializándose cambios tanto en el desarrollo urbano, como en el capital social y en las relaciones comunitarias existentes. Sin embargo, con el inicio de la pandemia del COVID-19 dichas dinámicas se han visto modificadas, generando efectos sobre la distribución estudiantil y sus relaciones sociales, pero se desconocen los alcances reales de éstos. La presente investigación, a partir de una metodología mixta que incluye encuestas, análisis espacial mediante la utilización de datos primarios y secundarios, y entrevistas en profundidad, se interroga sobre los efectos socioterritoriales de la estudiantización en Temuco y sus dinámicas como consecuencia del COVID-19.
La venta de suelo comunero en Lima, 1990-2022
Authors: Calderón Cockburn Julio , Valencia León Ivonne , Gabriel Campos Edwin
Published: September 2023

Este artículo aborda el submercado de lotizaciones informales en suelo comunero en la ciudad de Lima, Perú. La hipótesis central es que la política de liberalización del suelo ha estimulado una mayor presencia de los submercados informales, lo que ha conllevado a nuevas formas de ilegalidad. En el caso del suelo comunero, los agentes económicos recurren a transferencias de la posesión supuestamente no mercantiles, las cuales, en realidad, buscan que los vendedores no compartan las ganancias de la renta del suelo con la comunidad en su conjunto. Se trata de mercados fundamentalmente políticos, debido a que las autoridades incentivan las ventas a cambio de ganancias políticas o económicas (corrupción). La metodología se inserta en una orientación social y económica, y se recurrió a un método cualitativo y a una revisión estadística.
¿Misión imposible? Adaptación y gestión del riesgo climático en México. Experiencias desde los estados de Quintana Roo y Yucatán, de Emily Wilkinson y Fernando Aragón
Authors: Rendón Osorio Karen Viviana
Published: September 2023

Ante el proceso de cambio climático y el aumento de desastres que detonan las consecuencias hidrometeorológicas asociadas a aquél, la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres (GRD) es un asunto que cada vez cobra mayor relevancia en los procesos de planeación territorial. Esta realidad es la que subyace en el aporte académico que Wilkinson y Aragón realizan en la obra que aquí se reseña. Los autores se proponen contribuir a la compresión y conocimiento de la dimensión sociopolítica de la GRD en el ámbito local como mecanismo de preparación ante el riesgo climático. Para el cumplimiento de tal cometido, analizan los casos de tres municipios de la península de Yucatán: San Felipe, Felipe Carrillo Puerto y Lázaro Cárdenas, seleccionados por ser municipios costeros perjudicados con la reciente concurrencia de huracanes.
Trasplantes complicados. Nueva York en el urbanismo de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Azuela de la Cueva Antonio
Published: September 2023

El artículo explora el trasplante de ideas urbanísticas de la Ciudad de Nueva York a la Ciudad de México, siguiendo la metodología de la historia urbana y la geografía crítica. El fenómeno del trasplante se interpreta como un proceso complejo que incluye, predominante pero no exclusivamente, la falta de reflexividad con la que se implantan en un contexto local ideas provenientes de otras latitudes. Se parte de un hecho conocido (la influencia de la ciudad de Nueva York a nivel mundial) para examinar las diversas formas en que esa influencia se hace sentir en una ciudad determinada, en este caso la capital mexicana. Se concluye que es preciso incorporar estos temas a la agenda de investigación urbana con el fin de mejorar nuestro conocimiento sobre los orígenes de las ideas y las instituciones que rigen los procesos urbanos en contextos periféricos.
Propuesta metodológica para un índice compuesto transversal no compensatorio con variables predeterminadas
Authors: Treviño-Cantú Jesús A.
Published: September 2023

El estudio calcula y mide la estabilidad de cuatro índices compuestos ampliamente utilizados en la literatura socioeconómica: Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP), Distancia de Pena (DP2), Índice Mazziotta Pareto (MPI), y Media Geométrica (MG). La investigación propone una estandarización balanceada (zEB) que re-escala las variables a igual máximo y mínimo entre ellas, por ende, a un mismo intervalo, y mantiene la asimetría en un nivel estadístico aceptable. El caso del rezago social en las entidades federativas de México en el año 2020 muestra que la MG es el índice de agregación más estable con una zEB, ponderada o no ponderada. Además, la MG es un índice conceptualmente coherente por ser formativo y no compensatorio, como corresponde a la naturaleza del fenómeno estudiado.
El oro y los “pesos de oro” en los inicios de Nueva España. Una propuesta de reinterpretación
Authors: Rivero Hernández Iván
Published: September 2023

Desde su arribo al territorio americano, los españoles emplearon los referentes propios de la realidad monetaria de la que procedían para operar en un contexto económico carente de moneda. Esta adecuación derivó en el uso de ciertos conceptos específicos que, en el caso del oro, luego habrían de retomarse de manera oficial tras el establecimiento de las casas de moneda, si bien con nuevas  modificaciones y valores. Esto implica la existencia de “pesos de oro” distintos según el momento, aspecto no siempre reconocido en los estudios que dan luz sobre la etapa formativa novohispana. Con base en las cuentas de tesorería y los registros de fundición de Nueva España, este artículo evidencia tal diferencia y ofrece una vía para su dimensión económica.
Sangre revuelta, virtud y civilización: usos políticos de las ascendencias asociadas a Vicente Guerrero
Authors: Romero Valderrama Ana
Published: September 2023

Vicente Guerrero representó una personalidad substancial en la fundación de la nación mexicana, ya que formó parte de los líderes militares y políticos en la revolución de independencia y la nueva gobernabilidad monárquica y republicana. Así, al analizar la vida de Guerrero, los historiadores mexicanistas se dieron a la tarea de examinar distintos aspectos políticos. Desde hace unas décadas, estudiosos de diversas disciplinas interesados en rescatar las herencias afrodescendientes y diásporas se enfocaron en los aspectos genealógicos. No obstante, al privilegiar los lazos africanos, ignoraron otros. Este ensayo demuestra que Guerrero manifestó una ambigüedad y multiplicidad relacionada con calidades/castas. En consecuencia, los políticos decimonónicos usaron esta diversidad para atribuirle diferentes linajes según buscaron vanagloriarlo, atacarlo o ejemplificar con fines personales o políticos. Explica las diferentes percepciones de estos políticos y sus respectivos contextos y, al igual, de qué manera estas distinciones genealógicas se articularon en la vida personal, sociocultural y política de este personaje. Esta discusión es significativa, ya que tales distinciones representan una cuestión de relevancia desde la época decimonónica hasta la actual.
Implementation of HIV/AIDS prevention policies: The study in Bali Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sumada I Made , Samudra Azhari Aziz
Published: September 2023

This paper presents an overview of the policies and efforts of the Provincial Government of Bali, Indonesia, to tackle the development of HIV/AIDS. This study considers the socio-cultural context and analyzes the factors that are most likely to influence its spread, the response of the community, and the local government’s efforts to form Provincial AIDS commission whose movement is supported by the village government and the community to suppress the spread of HIV/AIDS. The authors observe the micro factors that most determine this program, such as attitudes, behaviors, and desires of policy-making actors, stakeholders, implementing organizations, adequacy of human resources, financial funds, information, education, communication, advocacy, regional languages, the role of students, and field workers, and local culture in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS. Therefore, this research does not focus on just one dimension in efforts to deal with this outbreak. Following the application of the public policy theory, all potential contributing elements must be addressed simultaneously. This requires a truly interdisciplinary and multisectoral approach that requires to be comprehended by policymakers in other provinces where the prevalence of HIV/AIDS is quite high. This effort also requires commitment and strong political will from levels of government.
Olive Grove Landscapes in Andalusia: In Search of Synergies Between Agrarian Cultural Heritage and Rural Development
Authors: Martínez José Domingo Sánchez
Published: September 2023

This paper analyses the strategy developed thus far to have Andalusian olive-growing landscapes included as a Cultural Landscape on the World Heritage List (UNESCO). The research method used is descriptive, reflexive and prospective, and seeks to achieve a systematic and holistic overview of a complex reality. In addition to the corresponding bibliographical review, the research has been nourished by qualitative information from land surveys (field visits) and interviews with experts consulted during the preparation of the two technical dossiers of the candidacy produced so far. The results include the rationale for Outstanding Universal Value and the basis of the protection and management plan for the property. Subsequently, the paper discusses the possibilities for rural development that can be derived from this initiative through the virtuous interactions between the property, the region and the food (olive oil) obtained from traditional olive groves.
Stakeholder Ecosystems and Corporate Sustainability: A Nexus for Value Creation in the Age of Sustainability
Authors: Gorski Andra-Teodora , Dumitraşcu Dănuț Dumitru
Published: September 2023

The present-day interconnected global society has seen a diminished significance of borders and a growing interdependence between companies and their stakeholders. For every organization the influence wielded by these key stakeholders plays a pivotal role. The interdependence between stakeholders and corporate sustainability forms the foundation for generating economic, social, and environmental performance, as well as long-term sustainable value for the stakeholder ecosystem. The aim of the paper is to examine significant aspects related to the stakeholder dimension of corporate sustainability. This research employs a methodology that draws upon both literature review and bibliometric analysis, performed using VOSviewer. The research has identified stakeholder engagement as a critical and emerging theme. Moreover, a modern stakeholder approach is essential for understanding stakeholder dynamics holistically. Amid current challenges, a growing discourse advocates a multi-stakeholder approach, recognizing wider society and the natural environment as important stakeholders. In the context of sustainability, key trends include: promoting a pro-sustainability mindset among all stakeholders, fostering shared interests in sustainability, and empowering stakeholders to advocate for nature and sustainable development. The paper concludes with recommendations derived from the research results, providing insights for academics, researchers, and managers in formulating and implementing corporate strategies aligned with sustainability opportunities and challenges.
Entrepreneurship in Romania: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Lucian Paul , Șoaită Antonela-Ioana
Published: September 2023

Is the development of entrepreneurship one of the solutions to the economic and development problems facing Romania? The answer is related to the identification of solutions to support its development. Romania is an Eastern European country that faces many problems, not only economic ones, but also social and political ones, and which does not favor a coherent and predictable entrepreneurial environment, which poses both opportunities and challenges for those who want to start or develop a business. Today there are many entrepreneurs in Romania who have created successful businesses in various fields, contributing to economic growth and new jobs. And yet, Romania ranks last among the other EU member states in terms of entrepreneurial development. Reducing the gap requires finding not only quick but also effective solutions to the problems they face related to bureaucracy, corruption, legislation and financing access.
Assessing the Situation of Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Emerging Markets of Egypt Under COVID-19 Implications
Authors: Saad Nourhan Ahmed , Mlaker Kac Sonja , Elgazzar Sara
Published: September 2023

Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in emerging economies, thus this research aims at assessing the current situation of Egyptian MSMEs under COVID-19 pandemic and identifying the role of Egyptian MSMEs in economic growth and development. This research adopted qualitative design; 24 semi-structured interviews were conducted with different eco-system stakeholders and MSMEs’ managers using content analysis to analyse collected data based on NVivo software. The findings revealed the importance of MSMEs sector in the emerging markets as well as global ones. Additionally, MSMEs play a significant role in enhancing country’s economic growth and development, particularly in GDP, job opportunities, domestic products/services, national income, sub-contractor, and individual/society welfare. Furthermore, the findings identify the main challenges that face Egyptian MSMEs under COVID-19 implications through analysing the four main strategic factors and concluded by policy recommendations that could be implemented by MSMEs’ owners to take full advantage in the Egyptian context and their contribution on country’s economic growth.
Entrepreneurial Awareness and Entrepreneurial Intention: Understanding the Role of Family and School
Authors: Widyastuti Umi , Purwana Dedi , Respati Dwi Kismayanti , Zulaihati Sri
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine the factors that affect entrepreneurial awareness and intention in Junior High School students This research used a quantitative approach with PLS-SEM by considering that the model employed unobserved variables and measured using different scale. This research applied convenience sampling and obtained 97 Junior High School students spread across Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (the Greater Jakarta) as the research samples. Furthermore, this research proved that entrepreneurial awareness and self-efficacy significantly affected entrepreneurial intention. On the other hand, entrepreneurship education, financial knowledge, and entrepreneurship experience did not significantly affect entrepreneurial intention. Meanwhile, entrepreneurial awareness was influenced by financial knowledge. The results proved that financial knowledge mediated the effects of financial socialization on entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial awareness. Meanwhile, financial knowledge had some effects on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial awareness. The empirical results emphasized the importance of the role of families and schools in building entrepreneurial awareness and intention.
Методологические основы оценки эффекта реализации проектов социального воздействия
Authors: Андреев Вячеслав Андреевич
Published: September 2023

В статье изложены методологические основы оценки достижения социального эффекта как результата реализации пилотных проектов социального воздействия в Российской Федерации. Метод исследования основан на анализе и интерпретации содержания правовых документов, регламентирующих реализацию пилотных проектов, анализе мер и форм социального воздействия, сравнительном анализе результатов реализации проектов социального воздействия в Российской Федерации и за рубежом. Под методологической основой понимаются критерии и алгоритмы интерпретации полученных данных, способствующих установлению значений показателей развития отраслей социальной сферы, верифицируемых с использованием статистических данных, опросов населения и экспертных оценок. Сделан вывод о том, что выбор критериев оценки эффекта социального воздействия зависит от проработанности и непротиворечивости правовых актов в данной сфере, особенностей трансформационного механизма проектов, целей государственной политики, количества получателей социальных услуг, состояния инфраструктуры социальной сферы и иных факторов. Методологические принципы основаны на применении сравнительного статистического подхода, суть которого заключается в сопоставлении статистических показателей, характеризующих состояние объекта оценки до начала, в ходе и после завершения проекта, со значениями показателей социального развития, установленных документами стратегического планирования. Ключевые слова: социальное воздействие, социальный эффект, социальная политика.
MORPHOFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF THE PLACENTA IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH TUBERCULOSIS
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, S.SH. VALDOSHOVA
Published: September 2023

Objective: To study the morphology of the placenta in pregnant women with TB Methods: The morphology of the 26 placentas was evaluated in this study, out of which 15 were from women with various forms and localizations of TB (main group), while 11 were from healthy pregnant women (control group). The placentas were evaluated macroscopically. Central and peripheral zones of the placenta and umbilical cord were sampled and embedded in paraffin. Histological slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and examined using an Olympus CX-21 microscope with a Universal Infinity Optical System (UIS2). Results: Women in the main group were significantly more commonly underweight (p<0.01) compared to the control group. They also showed a significantly higher frequency of decompensated chronic placental insufficiency (PI), increased share of immature intermediate differentiated villi, dystrophic and degenerative changes in the placenta (foci of dystrophic calcification, afunctional syncytial nodules), and circulatory disorders (ischemic necrosis, fibrinoid in the intervillous space). Foci of calcification and infarctions in the villi embedded in fibrinoid were also significantly more common in the main group. Compensatory changes included pronounced angiomatosis, hypervascularization of villi, an increase in the number of terminal villi, the formation of synticiocapillary membranes, and functional syncytial nodules Conclusion: TB in pregnant women leads to morphological and functional changes in the placenta (delayed villous maturation, disorders of the uteroplacental circulation) and the development of more severe forms of chronic PI. The compensatory changes in the placenta might not sustain the required level of its blood supply, which results in deterioration of the perinatal outcomes (intrauterine growth restriction – IUGR).
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CONTEMPORARY PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk, Russian Federation, KOVALENKO T.V. , LARIONOVA M.A. ,   Department of Children's Infections, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk, Russian Federation, MULLAKHMETOVA L.M. ,   Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Objective: To study the current epidemiological trends related to PD in children Methods: In 2015-2016, a cross-sectional one-stage study was conducted to examine the PD of children. The body height and weight were determined during the examination program using standardized equipment and accepted methodology. The Body Mass Index (BMI, Quetelet's index) was expressed in kg/m2 , along with SD values (standard deviation) for both height and BMI. We utilized BMI-for-age percentile growth charts. Results: : 9,662 children between the ages of 1 and 17 were assessed, with 49.7% boys and 50.3% girls. The sample was split equally between urban and rural areas, with 50.0% residing in each. The age distribution of the participants was divided into five age groups: 1-2 y/o (14.5%), 3-6 y/o (19.6%), 7-11 y/o (30.7%), 12-14 y/o (19.1%), and 15-17 y/o (16.1%). Of those surveyed, 65.8% had an average height, 19.0% were below average or short, and 15.2% were above average and tall. The height 2SD below and above the mean height for age and gender was found in 3.7% and 2.7% of children, respectively. Most below-average and low height values were found in early and preschool ages. In boys, gender characteristics were associated with more significant variations in heights towards low and high values. Research shows that children residing in urban areas tend to have better physical development than those in rural areas. Conclusion: Data have been gathered on the current PD of children, focusing on age, gender, and geographical factors.
RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY AND PREDICTING OUTCOMES IN SEVERE ACUTE COMPOSITE TISSUE INJURIES
Authors:   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, NAIMOV A.M. , RAZZOKOV A.A. ,   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, PARPIEV F.M. ,   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: September 2023

Objective: To develop a reliable risk score prediction model to accurately predict the likelihood of lethal outcomes (LO) in severe acute composite tissue injuries (CTI) cases. Methods: We conducted an analysis of data from 3,186 patients with CTIs who were aged between 18 and 74. Of these patients, 2,432 were men (76.3%), and 754 were women (23.7%). The age distribution of patients was as follows: 2290 (71.9%) were between 18-44 years old, 638 (20.0%) were between 45-59 years old, and 258 (8.1%) were between 60-74 years old. The patients with CTIs were split into two groups based on their diagnosis and treatment. The study group consisted of 1669 patients (52.4%) who received optimized approaches considering the likelihood of developing LO. The control group included 1517 patients (47.6%) diagnosed and treated using traditional methods. LO were noted in 514 (16.1%) cases. To determine the risk factors (RFs) associated with LO, we analyzed the distribution of frequency variables between lethal and non-lethal outcomes. Results: The probability of developing LO in CTI was analyzed for statistical significance based on several RFs such as the patient's age, the presence of concomitant sub- and decompensated comorbid diseases, type and location of injury, severity of injuries, patient's state, and clinical forms of fat embolism syndrome (FES). Considering the identified RFs, a highly effective risk assessment scoring model for predicting the likelihood of developing LO in acute CTIs has been developed. Implementing optimized approaches and predicting the probability of developing LO significantly reduced fatality rates compared to traditional methods of diagnosis and treatment (13.5% and 18.5%, respectively, p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the testing results of the proposed scale with the significant decrease in LO observed in the study group, we highly recommend implementing these approaches in clinical practice.
DECOMPRESSIVE HEMICRANIECTOMY AFTER UNSUCCESSFUL INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYSIS OF MALIGNANT MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY INFARCTION: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, SEHWEIL S.M.
Published: September 2023

Methods: The gold standard treatment for patients with cerebral infarction (CI) is intravenous thrombolysis, and it is superior to standard therapy in improving functional status. Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) is characterized by ischemic injury of 50% or more of the territory supplied by MCA, which, in turn, is a contraindication to thrombolytic therapy. When patients are admitted to the hospital within the therapeutic window before identification of a hypodense lesion by computed tomography, detecting the MMCAI promptly is challenging. Consequently, these patients receive intravenous thrombolysis. The article describes a successful decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) in a patient with MMCAI following ineffective, uncomplicated intravenous thrombolysis. Keywords: Malignant ischemic stroke, middle cerebral arter, decompressive hemicraniectomy, thrombolysis.
EMERGENCY CESAREAN SECTION WITH REDO MITRAL VALVE REPLACEMENT FOR ACUTE PROSTHETIC VALVE DYSFUNCTION: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Treatment, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, KHOLOD I. , BUHMAN E. ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Treatment, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, GRISARU-GRANOVSKY S. ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, AVITAN T. ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, TAGER S. ,   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, NIR A. ,   Department of Cardiology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, TVITO A. ,   Department of Hematology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, GOZAL Y. ,   Department of Hematology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, IOSCOVICH A. ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Treatment, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Published: September 2023

Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Treatment, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, affiliated with Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Políticas públicas no Brasil: história, evolução, situação e estigma
Authors: Ribeiro Rafael Bernardon , Cordeiro Júnior Quirino
Published: September 2023

Os últimos anos têm sido marcados por vitórias em prol da saúde mental em decorrência das mudanças ocorridas nas Políticas Públicas em Saúde Mental no Brasil. Em 2020, a Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria em parceria com o Ministério da Saúde, lançou o Mentalize, uma série de palestras com o objetivo de desmistificar os transtornos mentais e dessa forma diminuir o estigma. Quais as principais mudanças temos visto na atenção dada à saúde mental? Quais as principais medidas que devem ser tomadas para o oferecimento de tratamento de qualidade a todos? Quais as principais medidas devem ser tomadas para diminuição do estigma? Essas e outras questões serão respondidas no ABP TV pelos doutores Rafael Bernardon e Quirino Cordeiro.
Avaliação de risco na psiquiatria forense
Authors: Dourado Junior Jose	Brasileiro , Alexandre Milena Ferreira de França , Repsold Paulo Roberto
Published: September 2023

Infelizmente, principalmente devido ao estigma, as doenças mentais são frequentemente associadas a comportamentos violentos. Por isso, a avaliação de risco em psiquiatria forense conta com cada vez mais instrumentos desenvolvidos com este objetivo. Por meio de instrumentos padronizados, sejam eles clínicos ou sistematizados, a avaliação é feita de forma a equilibrar a relação entre o transtorno psiquiátrico e o comportamento violento. Tal tarefa é de responsabilidade do psiquiatra forense, que atua diretamente na interface entre a psiquiatria e o direito. Para falar sobre o tema "Avaliação de risco em psiquiatria forense", o programa ABPTV recebe os doutores José Brasileiro, Milena França e Paulo Repsold.
Transtornos alimentares: o impacto do distanciamento social
Authors: Segal Adriano , Silva Antônio Geraldo da , Appolinario Jose Carlos Borges , Cordás Táki Athanássios
Published: September 2023

A pandemia de Covid-19 pode servir de gatilho para o desenvolvimento ou agravamento de doenças psiquiátricas. Entre os comportamentos mais alterados durante o período, a relação com a alimentação pode ser diretamente impactada pelo tempo que passamos a mais em casa. Como administrar as escolhas por uma alimentação mais saudável durante a pandemia? De que forma os comportamentos alimentares podem indicar o agravamento de doenças psiquiátricas como depressão e ansiedade? Pacientes que sofrem com transtornos alimentares podem ter recaídas durante o período em casa? Estas e outras perguntas serão respondidas pelos nossos convidados nessa edição.
Atendimento médico psiquiátrico a distância em tempos de Covid-19
Authors: Silva Antonio Geraldo , Cavalcanti Emmanuel Fortes Silveira , Rodrigues Filho Salomão
Published: September 2023

A pandemia de Covid-19, que se instalou em todo o mundo desde março, traz a necessidade de adaptação do atendimento em diversas especialidades médicas. Na psiquiatria, este panorama também se apresenta como um desafio para médicos da especialidade e também para pacientes psiquiátricos. Quais os limites técnicos e éticos para aplicação da telemedicina em psiquiatria? Como os médicos devem se adaptar para oferecer o melhor atendimento possível a seus pacientes? De que forma atuar dentro da ética médica ao aderir à telemedicina? Estas e outras perguntas serão respondidas no agora no programa ABPTV. Participam do programa os doutores Antônio Geraldo da Silva, Emmanuel Fortes e Salomão Rodrigues Filho.
Como cuidar da saúde mental das crianças e adolescentes | Covid-19
Authors: Silva Antônio Geraldo da , Soares Júnior Antônio Marcos Alvim , Porto Deisy Mendes , Lucas Lílian Schwanz , Pinheiro Mayra Isabel Correia
Published: September 2023

No sábado, dia 11 de abril, a situação de pandemia decretada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde - OMS completou um mês. No Brasil, as primeiras restrições de circulação e orientações de distanciamento social começaram no dia 16 de março, em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro. Segundo dados da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, Ciência e Cultura - UNESCO, metade dos estudantes de todo o mundo estão sem aulas devido à pandemia, ou seja, cerca de 850 milhões de crianças e adolescentes. Com isso, há também uma preocupação com a saúde mental desse público, que teve sua rotina de atividades interrompida e, agora, está em casa. Por isso, o ABPTV da série especial sobre o Covid-19 de hoje aborda o tema "Covid-19: como cuidar da saúde mental das crianças".
Saúde mental dos idosos durante a pandemia | Covid-19
Authors: Silva Antônio Geraldo da , Pinheiro Mayra Isabel Correia , Alves Gilberto Sousa , Rodrigues Valeska Marinho
Published: September 2023

No quarto programa especial sobre a Covid-19, o ABPTV discute o tema "Saúde mental dos idosos: como promover". Já é sabido que a terceira idade é um dos principais grupos de risco para o contágio e complicações relacionadas à doença causada pelo novo coronavírus. Quais os cuidados necessários à promoção da saúde mental desse público durante a pandemia? Além do distanciamento social, quais outros aspectos podem servir de gatilho para o desenvolvimento e agravamento de doenças psiquiátricas na terceira idade?
Saúde mental dos médicos e profissionais de saúde | Covid-19
Authors: Silva Antônio Geraldo da , Teodoro Maria Dilma Alves , Pinheiro Mayra Isabel Correia
Published: September 2023

Desde o início do ano, o mundo enfrenta a dura pandemia da Covid-19, causada pelo novo coronavírus. Nos últimos três meses, médicos e demais profissionais de saúde de todo o planeta estão na linha de frente do controle e prevenção da doença. Em países como China e Itália, os atendimentos em hospitais e clínicas de saúde se intensificou durante o período mais grave da crise sanitária, realidade que começa a se apresentar no Brasil. Além do cuidado com a saúde física de tais profissionais, que estão em exposição constante ao vírus, a quarentena e o isolamento físico podem trazer graves consequências à saúde mental.
Saúde mental da população brasileira com o Covid-19
Authors: Silva Antônio Geraldo da , Machado Leonardo , Mello Marcelo Feijó de , Pinheiro Mayra Isabel Correia
Published: September 2023

A Covid-19 é uma pandemia que teve início no final de 2019, na China, e rapidamente se espalhou por todo o mundo causando pânico na população. Diversos países adotaram medidas de quarentena por conta do rápido contágio da doença, o que impacta diretamente na saúde mental de toda a população. Estratégias de prevenção em saúde mental precisam ser adotadas a fim de proteger a população dos impactos negativos do medo e da ansiedade em tempos de crises sanitárias. Como essa quarentena influencia na saúde mental das pessoas? O isolamento pode servir de gatilho para quem já possui uma doença mental pré-existente? Como lidar com a saúde mental dos idosos, que são grupo de risco?
A importância da espiritualidade para a saúde mental
Authors: Almeida Alexander Moreira de , Mosqueiro Bruno Paz
Published: September 2023

Muitas pessoas ainda acreditam que a ciência e a espiritualidade não andam juntas, mas há muito tempo que essa afirmação não é verdadeira: a própria Organização Mundial da Saúde incluiu o tema nos aspectos que avaliam a qualidade de vida das pessoas. No ABP TV de hoje, vamos abordar a importância da espiritualidade para a saúde menta.
Ansiedade: da normalidade ao transtorno
Authors: Menezes Gabriela Martins Bezerra de , Chagas Marcos Hortes Nisihara
Published: September 2023

Quantas vezes você já ficou ansioso antes de um compromisso importante, começar a trabalhar em um novo emprego ou quando conheceu alguém novo? Se sentir ansioso é normal e, inclusive, é considerado importante por representar um estado de alerta. O problema é quando a sensação é constante e pode se transformar em um transtorno mental. De acordo com relatório da OMS, o Brasil é o país mais ansioso do mundo, onde 9,3% da população é considerada ansiosa. No ABP TV de hoje, vamos debater o tema "Ansiedade: da normalidade ao transtorno".
Jogos e produções audiovisuais: o limite entre o bem e o mal
Authors: Birman Eduardo , Ribeiro Hewdy Lobo , Khoury Julia Machado
Published: September 2023

Entender os efeitos dos jogos e produções audiovisuais na saúde mental das pessoas, sobretudo de crianças e adolescentes, tem sido o objetivo de diversos estudos. Ao mesmo tempo que a tecnologia pode impactar o comportamento positivamente, como estimular o pensamento rápido, o trabalho em equipe e a tomada de decisões, existem também as influências negativas: afinal, a violência, ainda que fictícia, pode realmente influenciar o comportamento das pessoas? Embora alguns especialistas defendam que apenas consumir esses tipos de conteúdos não seja gatilho para a violência em si, isso pode despertar a agressividade em quem já possui essa predisposição.
Outubro rosa: oncopsiquiatria e câncer de mama
Authors: Ribeiro Christiane Carvalho , Rennó Junior Joel , Neves Maila de Castro Lourenço das
Published: September 2023

O outubro rosa é um movimento internacional criado com o objetivo de compartilhar informações e promover a conscientização sobre o câncer de mama, proporcionar maior acesso aos serviços de diagnóstico e de tratamento e contribuir para a redução da mortalidade. O câncer de mama é uma doença causada pela multiplicação desordenada de células anormais da mama, que forma um tumor com potencial de invadir outros órgãos. Além de acometer a parte física da mulher, a doença, que é altamente agressiva, também impacta na saúde mental. No ABP TV de hoje vamos falar sobre o assunto, entender como ele afeta a saúde mental da mulher e muito mais.
Tabagismo e saúde mental
Authors: Marques Ana Cecilia Petta Roselli , Kessler Félix Henrique Paim , Castaldelli-Maia João Maurício
Published: September 2023

Além das conhecidas doenças físicas causadas pelo hábito de fumar, como problemas cardiovasculares e pulmonares, o tabagismo também pode causar transtornos mentais. Segundo estudos, o contato precoce com a nicotina pode modificar as estruturas cerebrais e deixar os adultos mais propensos a desenvolver ansiedade, transtornos de pânico, depressão e, ainda, pensamentos suicidas. Por um lado, há uma crença de que pacientes psiquiátricos fumam mais do que outros fumantes justamente por encontrarem no cigarro uma espécie de válvula de escape ou uma forma de relaxamento. Por outro, acredita-se que o caminho é o contrário: a dependência do cigarro é uma predisposição ao surgimento de doenças mentais.
Integrating Biodiversity into Business Strategy: Theoretical Foundations and Exemplary Cases
Authors: ALADAĞ Ömer Faruk
Published: September 2023

In the face of escalating global environmental challenges, it has become imperative to integrate biodiversity considerations into business strategies. This study explores the dynamics of integrating biodiversity concerns into corporate strategy as an innovative approach to reconciling competitiveness and profitability with biodiversity conservation. It examines the many impacts of business practices on biodiversity, explaining how unsustainable practices lead to habitat destruction, species loss and environmental degradation. By analyzing case studies, the paper shows how companies can become active contributors to biodiversity conservation through strategic changes in operating models. At the heart of the discussion is the conceptualization of biodiversity as a fundamental business asset. The paper presents a compelling case for adopting a holistic view that recognizes biodiversity as an essential resource underpinning long-term business resilience and productivity. By applying the principles of integrating biodiversity, companies can build sustainable supply chains, drive innovation, and gain a competitive advantage in a changing market.
Toxicological implications of arecoline N- oxide in vivo in mice test system
Authors: Das Aparajita , Giri Sarbani , Mandal Abhijit , Ghosh Malaya , Choudhury Sudip
Published: September 2023

Arecoline N- oxide has surfaced as a probable key player of areca nut induced maladies. However, information on the adverse effects of arecoline N- oxide in-vivo is lacking. Mice were divided into 3 groups; the control group was injected with normal saline intraperitoneally while the treatment groups were injected with arecoline N- oxide and arecoline respectively at a dosage of 20 mg/ kg body weight intraperitoneally for thirty days. At the end of the exposure period, end points indicative of toxicity were investigated. Arecoline N- oxide was found to induce DNA damage in mice bone marrow cells. Observable changes in histology of liver indicated arecoline N- oxide to be hepatotoxic. Histological studies also showed arecoline N- oxide to induce infiltration of mononuclear cells in the kidneys. Oxidative stress was induced by arecoline N- oxide in both liver and kidneys as indicated by increased level of lipid peroxidation and decreased level of glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the tissues. The present study showed arecoline N- oxide to have genotoxic, hepatotoxic and mild nephrotoxic effects in mice which might be due to generation of oxidative stress.
Biogenic synthesis of Cerium oxide nanoparticles and their antioxidant activity
Authors: Madhugiri Gopinath Mamatha , Sumreen Sultana , Shital Manohar Punekar , Nivedika M.B. , Ravikiran Tekupalli
Published: September 2023

The present study aimed to bio-synthesize cerium oxide nanoparticles from the root extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) and to evaluate their antioxidant potential. In Indian Ayurvedic medicine, Withania somnifera has been used as a memory booster and to treat cancer and neurological disorders. Several characterization techniques such as XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, Raman spectroscopy, SEM-EDX and HR-TEM, were used to confirm the formation of CeO2NPs. The characterization results indicate that synthesized NPs were spherical with crystalline nature and size <10nm. An OH radical scavenging assay was done to monitor the antioxidant property of synthesized CeO2NPs. The maximum absorbance at 532 nm was measured by discoloration from light pinkish to reddish-orange. CeO2NPs exhibited significant OH radical scavenging activity than vitamin C. Therefore, our results suggest that biogenic CeO2NPs have shown good antioxidant potential and may be used to treat oxidative stress-related diseases.
Progression of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy and Serum Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) Levels
Authors: Ahmed S. Mohammed , Hassan H. Al-Saeed , Arif Sami Malik , Muqdam Ali Alhassnawi , Mohammed S. Khlaif , Ali Abdulla Qassim
Published: September 2023

Diabetic nephropathy is an important complication that develops from diabetes mellitus. The chemotactic cytokine Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) exhibits selective binding and activation of the C-C motif Chemokine Receptor 2 (CCR2). MCP-1 has been consistently observed to play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic and diabetic renal disease in clinical settings, regardless of the different stages and phenotypes. The main goal of this study was to assess and contrast the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) in individuals with diabetic nephropathy and those who show healthy state to examine the possibility of the usefulness of MCP-1/CCL2 as a biomarker of prognosis for early identification in patients developing albuminuria. The study involved the study of a sample of ninety patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetic nephropathy, while a control group of thirty individuals was also included for comparison purposes. The study recruited participants requesting from Baghdad and Maysan in Iraq. Urine specimens were obtained to determine the urinary protein concentration. Samples of blood and serum were collected to measure the levels of serum creatinine (s-Cr), fasting plasma glucose (F.P.G.), glycohemoglobin A1c (Hba1c) and serum MCP-1. The results of the statistical analysis indicate that there were significant differences (P < 0.001) in the levels of MCP-1 between the microalbuminuric (stage 2) and macroalbuminuric (stage 3) when compared with the control group and between the stage 2 and stage 3 groups. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that MCP-1 levels may serve as biochemical indicators for disease progression of D.N.
An effective and low-cost method for DNA extraction from Rheum species (A medicinal herb) without using liquid nitrogen for RAPD/ISSR Study
Authors: Uniyal Anjali , Kumar Akhilesh , Kumar Vijay , Gupta Sanjay , Kumar Vivek
Published: September 2023

Rheum is an important medicinal plant belonging to family Polygonaceae and is found to have anti-microbial, anti-purgative and anti-cancer properties. The objective of the present study is to standardize an effective and low-cost method for the extraction of DNA from the young juvenile leaves of Rheum plant obtained from the Uttarakhand region. The protocol involved the extraction of DNA using a modified CTAB method without the use of any liquid nitrogen. The concentration of NaCl used in extraction buffer was slightly higher (1.4M) to remove polysaccharides and varying ratios of Beta-mercaptoethanol used to remove the secondary metabolites and keep them away from interfering the extraction process. The absorbance ratio of the extracted DNA at A260/280 nm was within the permissible range of 1.7-2.0, indicating the purity of DNA and showing that the DNA is contamination free. Its concentration was approximately 1485 ng/μl and it was found suitable for molecular-based study.
Association of Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase polymorphisms and risk of extrapulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Gaur Pooja Singh , Kant Surya , Chaturvedi Rachna
Published: September 2023

Genetic risk assessment of tuberculosis development and genotypic variation influence the gene and protein expression of leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) at various sites of tuberculosis. The relationship between the genotype and phenotype of LATH4A was investigated in relation to the genetic risk assessment of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). This study included 137 patients with EPTB and age-sex-matched 137 normal controls of the same ethnicity. LTA4H genotyping was performed using restriction fragment polymorphisms (RFLP) and protein level was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The LTAH4 (rs.197833A/G) AG (codominant) and GG (recessive) genotypes showed 1.86 and 1.88-fold higher risks (p=0.0004 and p<0.0001 respectively) of developing EPTB. LTA4H (rs.2660898 T/G) TG (codominant) and GG (recessive) genotypes significantly increased the risk (OR:1.69, p=0.0001 and OR;1.77 p=0.008 respectively) of EPTB. Similarly, LTA4H (rs. 2540474) AG (codominant) and GG (recessive) genotypes (OR; 1.58 95% CI:1.22- 2.04, p<0.0001; OR, 1.86; 95%CI 1.37-2.52, p<0.0001) increased the risk of developing ETTB. The LTB4 protein levels were significantly higher in EPTB cases (mean ± SD; 3096.10±1287.6 pg/mL) than in controls (2304.50±644.15 pg/mL) (p<0.0001). LTA4H recessive variants influence protein levels (functional genetics), resulting in risk of EPTB.
Effect of Honeybee Products on Exercise Performance and Blood Chemistry Characteristics in Gymnasts
Authors: SARITAŞ Nazmi , SOYLU Meltem , AKDOĞAN Hakan , SİLİCİ Sibel
Published: September 2023

Honeybee products have recently begun to attract attention with their effects on athlete performance. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of honeybee products’ mixtures on the performance and some blood biochemical parameters of young trained gymnasts. Twenty-four young gymnasts aged between 6 and 12 years were observed for 4 weeks as they continued their usual daily training schedules. The gymnasts were divided into three groups. Group 1 was administered a mixture of honey and bee pollen at a dose of 50 g/day, whereas Group 2 was provided with a mixture of honey, bee pollen, royal jelly and propolis. Group 3 served as the control group and was administered a placebo of wheat starch at a dose of 50g/day. In the beginning and at the end of the study, performance parameters and biochemical parameters of young gymnasts were determined. After treatment, grip force and muscular strength measurements increased in Group 2 (p<0.05). The muscular endurance tests in the two honeybee product mixtures treatment groups showed improvement after supplementation (p<0.05). The improvement noted in the power test in Group 1 was significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between treatment and placebo groups in all investigated biochemical parameters except total protein, which was lower in placebo group. Although bee products supplements were administered only for a short period of time, the gymnasts showed higher performance in some investigated parameters. It is recommended to conduct further long-term studies using bee products.
Jonathan L. Vennerstrom: I Was Standing on the Shoulders of Giants
Authors: Meier Lukas
Published: September 2023

Jonathan L. Vennerstrom grew up in Ethiopia, where he was witness to the effects of leprosy and other infectious diseases of poverty on the local population. After his studies in organic chemistry, he began to research antiprotozoal agents, which resulted in the discovery of the synthetic ozonides. Fruitful collaborations with the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) and the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) have paved the way for antimalarial and antischistosomal drugs. In recognition of his many achievements, Vennerstrom received the 2019 ACS Award for Creative Invention.