bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Guided FNA in Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Goyal Surbhi , Prasad Garima , Chaudhary Dimple , Sakhuja Puja , Srivastava Siddhartha , Aggarwal Anil K.
Published: February 2023

Background:

A majority of the patients with gall bladder cancer (GBCa) present at an advanced stage and have poor survival. The aim is to retrospectively study the role of guided FNA in the diagnosis of GBCa in a superspecialty institute and to describe the cytomorphologic spectrum of gall bladder (GB) lesions in the North Indian population.

Materials and Methods:

All suspected cases of GBCa who underwent guided FNA from the primary GB mass or metastatic liver space-occupying lesion from 2017 to 2019 were included. The aspirate smears were retrieved and analyzed for cytomorphological features independently by two cytopathologists. The neoplastic lesions were classified according to the WHO 2019 classification.

Results:

Of 489 cases, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was diagnostic in 463 cases (94.6%), of which 417 (90.1%) were positive for malignancy, 35 (7.5%) were inflammatory, and 11 (2.4%) were inconclusive for malignancy. Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS) was the most common type seen in 330 cases (79.1%) and 87 (20.9%) were unusual variants. These included papillary adenocarcinoma (22, 5.2%), mucinous adenocarcinoma (12, 2.8%), signet ring carcinoma (2,0.4%), adenosquamous carcinoma (8, 1.9%), squamous cell carcinoma (10, 2.4%), neuroendocrine neoplasms (7, 1.7%), undifferentiated carcinoma (24, 5.7%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (2,0.4%), respectively. Immunohistochemistry on the cell block confirmed the diagnosis wherever possible. Histopathology was discordant in 5 out of 33 cases.

Conclusion:

Guided FNAC is a sensitive investigation that plays a crucial role in confirming the diagnosis and deciding the further treatment options in advanced-stage GBCa patients. The uncommon variants of GBCa can be reliably categorized on cytology.
Protective Effect of Triclosan in Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Alsabeelah Nimer , Kumar Vinay
Published: February 2023

Background:

Novel pharmacological approaches are needed to improve the outcomes of patients with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitors have shown beneficial effects in preclinical models of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), because of their role in the regulation of pulmonary artery vasoconstrictor tone and remodeling.

Objective:

We compared a Triclosan (FASN inhibitor), for the first time with the dual endothelin receptor antagonist, macitentan, in a monocrotaline-induced rat pulmonary hypertension model

Methods:

Different methods (hemodynamics, histology of right ventricle and pulmonary vessels, and circulating biomarkers) showed consistently that 30 mg/kg daily of Triclosan (FASN inhibitor) and 10 mg/kg daily of macitentan slowed the progression of PAH both at the functional and structural levels.

Results:

Treatments started on day 14 after monocrotaline injection and lasted 14 days. The findings of all experimental methods show that the FASN inhibitor has more similar effects as compared to macitentan.

Conclusion:

Our study reveals that inhibition of FAS decreases RV hypertrophy and improves cardiac function associated with PAH with the regulation of metabolic functions and governs further studies to establish “FASN inhibitor as a potential therapeutic approach” for the management of PAH.
IDENTIFYING CENTERS AND SUBCENTERS IN THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF BELO HORIZONTE THROUGH GOOGLE PLACES OF INTEREST
Authors: Cerqueira Eugênia Viana , Diniz Alexandre Magno Alves
Published: February 2023

This research provides novel exploration of the distribution of urban facilities in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, to identify primary and secondary centralities. The main findings are based on a Kernel Density, using Google Places of Interest data. Primary and secondary metropolitan centers are detected in the largest municipalities in the Metropolitan Area, as well as smaller suburban subcenters in peripheral municipalities. Moreover, the analysis of five categories of facilities illustrates different centralities structures and inequalities in the distribution of different types of activities. Keywords: Urban Sprawl, Post-Suburbia, Centralities, POI Data.
CERRADO ENCLAVE AND THE UPDATE OF THE MAPPING OF LANDSCAPE UNITS IN THE STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: Diniz Marco Túlio Mendonça , Souza Ana Caroline Damasceno , Medeiros Diogo Bernardino Santos de , Oliveira Antônia Vilaneide Lopes Costa de , Silva Sandro Damião Ribeiro da
Published: February 2023

The mapping of landscape units is a dynamic process in which constant modifications are needed. Based on this, this article sought to update the mapping of landscape units in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This was possible due to the combination of field activities and new methodological procedures, with analyzes and refinements of previous mappings conducted by Silva (2018), Bernardino (2019), and Souza (2020). The main result is the update of a mapping that includes the (re-) delimitation and (re-) classification of Morphoclimatic Domains, Natural Regions, and Geocomplexes in the territory of this state. A new unit was identified and inserted: a cerrado enclave, which, until then, had not been described and analyzed as such in the established literature; consequently, one more natural region and two geocomplexes were mapped and delimited. New territorial occurrences of units already identified/classified in the original work were also mapped and, therefore, there was a resizing of landscapes of different taxa, which resulted from these modifications and of the refinement of their limits, due to the greater scalar detail, with the deepening of the research. Keywords: Keywords:Geosystem; Geoprocessing Techniques; Landscape Analysis.
SENTINEL-1 TIME SERIES ANALYSIS ON CENTRAL AMAZON FLOODS
Authors: Magalhães Ivo Augusto Lopes , Carvalho Junior Osmar Abílio de , Guimarães Renato Fontes , Gomes Roberto Arnaldo Trancoso
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to analyze the dynamics of the flooded areas of the Sentinel 1-SAR time series in a section of the Central Amazon between September 26, 2016, and February 8, 2020. The total of images was 59 for each polarization. In addition, the study calculated the average ordinary flood line (ALOF) from the heights of the fluviometric rulers between the years 1967 to 2020 and compared it with the values present in the radar time series. The pre-processing of the Sentinel-1 time series in the VV and VH polarizations used the following methodological sequence: Apply Orbit File, Radiometric Calibration (σ0), Range-Doppler Terrain Correction, Speckle Filter, and conversion to decibels (dB). The previous analysis of the adaptive filters showed different results for the two polarizations, obtaining the best result for the VV polarization using the Frost filter with 3x3 and the VH polarization with the Lee filter 3x3. The extraction of water bodies and wetlands used a threshold value, making masks for the entire period. The most considerable extent of the floodable area occurred on June 17, 2019, with 6,611.86 km2, representing 16.42% of the SAR scene in the VH polarization and 6,443.19 km2, representing 16.10% of the SAR scene in the VV polarization. The relationship between the VH and VV wetlands to the ruler's height was satisfactory, with coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.79 in the VH polarization and of 0.64 in the VV polarization and a p-value less than 0.05. Keywords: Remote sensing; Radar; Mapping of Water Bodies.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RISK FACTORS AND FLUORIDE LEVELS IN PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES ON A MUNICIPAL SCALE
Authors: Barreira Filho Edenilo Baltazar , Nuto Sharmênia de Araújo Soares , Saintrain Maria Vieira de Lima , Silva Paulo Goberlânio de Barros , Vieira-Meyer Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes
Published: February 2023

Fluoridation of public water supplies is an important measure to prevent dental caries and is linked to Sustainable Development Objective 6. This study aimed to evaluate the fluoride content of Ceará's municipalities. The research used secondary data from SISAGUA (municipality; year, date, source and point of collection; form of supply; supply system; chlorine and fluoride concentrations) and the IBGE (HDI, population, FIRJAN Municipal Development Index, and estimated population) for spatial distribution and the analysis of fluoride risk factors. Of the 26,390 samples collected, only 17.8% had ideal fluoride content, with a higher prevalence in samples collected in 2016, in isolated urban areas, in water supply systems, and in chlorine levels above the ideal. Of the 182 municipalities evaluated, 16.7% had most of the samples with ideal fluoride content. In a multivariate analysis, municipalities with a population below 30 thousand inhabitants had a prevalence of inadequate fluoride content (below or above the ideal) 2.12 (95% CI = 1.92-4.88) times higher than municipalities with large populations. It is concluded that less than a fifth of Ceará's population is exposed to adequate public water fluoride levels, and cities with fewer than 30,000 inhabitants are the most affected. Keywords: Fluoride. Water Fluoridation. Environmental Health Surveillance. Health Geography.
CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF GULLY EROSION IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
Authors: Rademann Lucas Krein , Trentin Romario , Robaina Luis Eduardo de Souza
Published: February 2023

The ability to understand the erosive mechanisms of a gully is of great importance for determine its dynamics and the best forms of intervention. Thus, with the assistance of high-resolution data obtained with UAV, this work seeks to characterize and analyse the erosive mechanisms that act in a gully in south Brazil. For this, a survey was carried out using a multirotor UAV, with a flight height of 150m, and an overlaid area of 67ha. The data obtained were processed using the SfM-CMVS (Structure from Motion - Clustering Multi-View Stereo) workflow, generating a Digital Terrain Model with a spatial resolution of 12,6 cm/pixel. However, mass movements proved to be the main lateral and vertical advancement agent of the gully, predominating in the upper portions of the gully. In the lower third of the gully there was a predominance of mass movements and lowering areas related to the contact of sandy rock lenses with more clayey lenses. The products generated in this work provide a database that has the potential to assist in work to be developed, serving as a basis for the study of gully genesis, for the identification of the best mitigation measures, or as an initial framework for the study of evolution of this erosive feature. So, make it necessary more in-depth study of the real impacts of silviculture on erosive mechanisms. Keywords: Gully Erosion, Structure From Motion–Multi-View Stereo (SfM–MVS), Erosion Mechanisms, Mass Movements.
The International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury: Classification Accuracy and Challenges
Authors: Snider Brittany A. , Eren Fatma , Reeves Ronald K. , Rupp Rüdiger , Kirshblum Steven C.
Published: February 2023

Background

Successful utilization of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) requires a comprehensive understanding of its rules, terminology, and several complex concepts. There have been no studies investigating classification accuracy since the newest ISNCSCI revision (2019).

Objectives

To evaluate classification accuracy of SCI professionals using the 2019 ISNCSCI edition, identify common mistakes and areas of confusion, and assess associations between experience in ISNCSCI classification and performance.

Methods

Members of the International Spinal Cord Society (ISCoS) and attendees of the ISCoS Annual Scientific Meeting 2021 were invited to complete an online survey that included six ISNCSCI cases to classify.

Results

A total of 107 persons completed the survey, with overall classification accuracy of 74.6%. Accuracy was highest for injury completeness (95.3%) and sensory level (91.1%) and lowest for motor zone of partial preservation (ZPP; 54.7%) and ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS) grade (57.3%). Newer concepts, including the appropriate documentation of non-SCI conditions and classification of ZPP in incomplete injuries, contributed to several common errors. There was a significant association between overall classification accuracy and self-rated experience in the ISNCSCI classification (p = .017). Experience with the ISNCSCI examination, experience in SCI medicine, and occupation were not found to be significantly associated with overall classification accuracy.

Conclusion

Classification accuracy of an international cohort of SCI professionals was modest but greater than previous reports. Knowledge deficits about the 2019 ISNCSCI updates are prevalent and contribute to common classification errors. Further training in the utilization of the ISNCSCI is needed.
FLOROPOLİMERLERİN GERİ DÖNÜŞÜMÜ VE SIZDIRMAZLIK SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ UYGULAMA ALANLARI
Authors: ÖZGÜNERGE FALAY Ezgi , ÇALIŞKANELLİ Burcu , ARUSAN Öz Erman , ALTAY Lütfiye , SARIKANAT Mehmet
Published: February 2023

Floropolimerler, üstün fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklere sahip olmalarından dolayı endüstriyel uygulamalarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Termal stabilite, kimyasal inertlik, düşük yüzey sürtünmesi, hava koşullarına mükemmel dayanıklılık ve oksidasyona karşı direnç gibi üstün özelliklere sahip olmaları nedeni ile otomotiv, havacılık, kimya, petrokimya, elektrik-elektronik gibi çeşitli endüstrilerde kullanılmaktadır. Floropolimerlerin pek çok çeşidi bulunmakla birlikte endüstriyel uygulamalarda en çok PTFE (Politetrafloroetilen) ve PFA (Perfloroalkoksi) kullanımı tercih edilmektedir. Sızdırmazlık sektöründe kullanılmaları durumunda ekipmanın ve sızdırmazın faydalı ömrünü uzatmakta, bakım-onarım maliyetini azaltmaktadırlar. Bu nedenle piston keçesi, boğaz keçesi, toz keçesi ve yataklama elemanı malzemesi olarak yaygın olarak tercih edilirler. Ülkemizde floropolimer malzeme tedariğinin büyük bir kısmı yurtdışından sağlanmaktadır ve ithalat işlemi oldukça maliyetlidir. İşletmelerde PTFE ve PFA floropolimerleri kullanıldıktan sonra ortaya çıkan atıklar uygun geri dönüşüm yöntemleri kullanılarak katma değeri yüksek ürünlere dönüştürülebilir. Bu sayede floropolimer malzeme tedariğinde yurtdışı bağımlılığı azaltılmış ve atıkların sürdürülebilirliği sağlanarak sıfır atık oluşmuş olacaktır. Bu bildiride, PTFE ve PFA floropolimerlerinin sızdırmazlık sektöründeki kullanım yerleri ve üretimde hammadde olarak kullanılmaları sonucunda oluşan atıklarının geri dönüşüm yöntemleri incelenmiştir.
Risk Assessment for International Construction Projects
Authors: UĞURAL Mehmet Nurettin
Published: February 2023

International projects are inherently exposed to unforeseeable and complex risk scenarios. This study aimed to assess and identify the critical risk factors in international contracting projects, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. The most compelling risks that are faced by the construction firms in the Afghanistan market are determined primarily by meta-analysis. According to the data obtained from this analysis, the priorities of the risks and the degree of severity between each other are determined by using the AHP method. This research enhances the current body of knowledge about the possible encountered threats for investing the high-risk construction markets. The findings of the study may also help contractors to develop strategies "to bid or no-bid decisions" for high-risk markets.
AISI 52100 Rulman Çeliğinin Ultrasonik Tornalama Yöntemi ile Kesici Takım Ömrünün İncelenmesi
Authors: AĞAR Salih , MAHMAT Aybars , TOSUN Nihat
Published: February 2023

Bu çalışmada, AISI 52100 çeliğinin geleneksel ve ultrasonik tornalanmasında işlem parametrelerinin performans karakteristikleri üzerindeki etkileri yani AISI 52100 çeliğinin işlenebilirliği deneysel, sayısal ve istatistiksel olarak araştırıldı. Çalışmada, işlenebilirliğin tespit edilmesi amacıyla, bağımsız değişkenlerin takım ömrü üzerine olan etkileri belirlendi. Deneysel çalışmalar, 50, 100 ve 150 m/dak kesme hızları, 0.1 mm/devir sabit ilerleme ve 0.5 mm sabit talaş derinliği gibi işleme şartları altında, sementit karbür ve kübik bor nitrür (CBN) kesici takımlar kullanılarak yürütüldü. Ultrasonik tornalamada, kesici takıma iki farklı titreşim genliği (5 ve 10 µm) ve iki farklı titreşim frekansı (20 ve 30 kHz) uygulandı.
Effect of Stemming on Hindi Text Classification
Authors: Pimpalshende Dr. Anjusha , SINGH PREETY , Potnurwar Dr. Archana
Published: February 2023

Abstract.  Text classification is very useful to search large amount of textual data available online by dividing it into smaller relevant units. Now a day’s large amount of digital documents are available in Indian languages. Designing text classifiers in Indian languages is one of the research areas so that people can search and read required documents in their local languages. In proposed work tried to design Text classifier for Hindi text documents and tried to show how stemmer affects the performance of Hindi text classifiers. Stemming is a process to convert words in any language to its base or root words. Stemmers are used for written documents not for spoken languages. Performance of many applications such as text summarization, Information Retrieval (IR) system,text classification systems, syntactic parsing can be improved by applying stemmers. Stemmer eliminates suffix or prefix of the word and form original root word. These root words helps in the preprocessing step required in many algorithms. We applied various stemmers on Hindi text classification models. Experiments and results show that performance of the classifiers is improved by applying stemmers.
An Empirical Study on the Impact of Green Credit on Financial Performance of China’s Listed Banks
Authors: Yuan Luqi , Zeng Shihong
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The concept of green environmental protection and sustainability is deeply rooted in China. Green credit has become an important social issue in recent years. Most Chinese financial institutions are also actively participating and investing in this field, especially banks. In order to explore the correlation between banks' participation in green credit business and banks' financial performance, this paper collects the green credit balance, green credit ratio, return on total assets, non-performing loan ratio and other data of 16 major listed commercial banks in China from 2011 to 2019. At the same time, econometric modelling is built using the system GMM regression analysis method. This focuses on the impact of commercial banks' green credit business on their profitability. The final research results certify that banks' increasing investment in green credit has a positive impact on promoting profitability, both showed a positive correlation. Therefore, this paper suggests that banks should focus on the development of green credit business, which is beneficial to both the financial performance of banks and the construction of an environmentally sustainable society.

JEL classification numbers: P34.
Keywords: Green credit, Green credit, Bank financial performance.
Do patriarcado às cotas eleitorais: ações afirmativas por igualdade de gênero
Authors: Rizzoli Lucimara , Silva Angela Maria Caulyt Santos da
Published: February 2023

Em sociedades patriarcais, o debate sobre igualdade de gênero pode potencializar o direito de emancipação das mulheres. Objetiva-se refletir sobre a sociedade patriarcal e a produção da desigualdade de gênero na representação político-partidária na Região Metropolitana de Vitória – ES. Pesquisa qualitativa, documental, bibliográfica e empírica com 15 mulheres: deputadas estaduais eleitas em 2014 e reeleitas em 2018; a vice-governadora, em 2018; e vereadoras, em 2016. Utilizou-se entrevista, roteiro semiestruturado e análise de conteúdo. A partir das percepções dessas representantes parlamentares discorreu-se sobre as categorias: Patriarcado e a Desigualdade de Gênero e Cotas como Ações Afirmativas. Conclui-se que, embora as mulheres tenham conquistado direitos sociais e políticos, faz-se necessária uma efetiva fiscalização e equidade para as cotas eleitorais.
Economia de tempo de trabalho como essência do fetichismo da informática
Authors: Santos Neto Artur Bispo dos
Published: February 2023

O presente ensaio tem como propósito analisar a peculiaridade do fetichismo que prescreve a informática nos tempos hodiernos, em que a mistificação emanada do universo da mercadoria alcança sua mais elevada configuração. A forma de fetichismo analisada por Karl Marx em sua obra O capital serve como ponto de inflexão para a elucidação da particularidade da informática. As análises operacionalizadas por Prado e Teixeira são pressupostos basilares à apreensão das vicissitudes do fetichismo que moldam o conhecimento científico-tecnológico na contemporaneidade. Por fim, buscar-se-á, pela mediação das considerações desenvolvidas por István Mészáros, destacar como o conhecimento científico-tecnológico imposto pela reprodução do capital precisa ser completamente superado por uma forma de organização da produção centrada no trabalho associado e não mais no trabalho abstrato.
A América Latina na encruzilhada do tempo presente
Authors: Ferreira Muniz
Published: February 2023

Durante séculos, os países da América Latina pautaram suas relações pela desconfiança recíproca, distanciamentos e rivalidades. Apesar de compartilhar um passado de dominação colonial e um presente de subordinação econômica e política no sistema internacional, quase nenhum passo foi dado em direção à convergência e à cooperação. Ao invés, a condição comum de economias periféricas e estados dotados de recursos limitados de poder no sistema internacional concorreu para fazer destes países pouco mais que marionetes nas disputas das potências mundiais pelo controle das riquezas da região
O teletrabalho no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Bezerra Angelica Luiza  Silva , Medeiros Milena Gomes de
Published: February 2023

O artigo versa sobre o teletrabalho no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Adotou-se como procedimento metodológico a revisão bibliográfica, a qual se somou o recurso a dados estatísticos para evidenciar a problematização das contradições advindas da desestruturação do trabalho no Brasil. A pandemia da COVID-19 tem evidenciado um processo prolongado de contrarreformas que desnudou o drama da classe trabalhadora destituída de proteção. Assim, a precariedade que se estende e universaliza, visivelmente percebida no trabalho alienado, sob a perspectiva do teletrabalho na era das tecnologias digitais não se deve apenas à pandemia, mas ao movimento dos processos de reestruturação do mundo do trabalho desde a década de 1970, com a ativação da crise estrutural do capital. Desse modo, o contexto pandêmico apenas antecipa a ampliação do trabalho alienado sob a gestão das tecnologias digitais, que já era uma tendência antes dele.
A centralidade do trabalho na chamada era informacional
Authors: Castro Rogério
Published: February 2023

O texto que se segue buscará abordar como, a partir das transformações na esfera produtiva (pós-1950), as primeiras teses sobre o fim da centralidade do trabalho começaram a ganhar corpo. Para isso, irá se estruturar a partir de dois momentos: primeiro, buscará explicitar o significado da tese da centralidade do trabalho, aqui entendida também como modelo da práxis social (ou protoforma da vida social) – algo muito mais amplo do que a diminuição do trabalho vivo na indústria. Em seguida, iremos abordar, de modo panorâmico, algumas das principais (e primeiras) teses que passaram a advogar a perda da importância decisiva do trabalho (e dos seus agentes) na reprodução da sociedade, as suas consequências, assim como iremos situar o sentido dessa afirmativa no início do século XXI à luz do que vem sendo chamado de precarização estrutural do trabalho na chamada era informacional-digital.
Impactos do mundo do trabalho na supervisão de estágio em Serviço Social
Authors: Lopes Gessica dos Santos Machado , Lewgoy Alzira Maria Baptista
Published: February 2023

O artigo tem por objetivo trazer à reflexão os impactos, as tendências e os desafios do estágio e da supervisão em Serviço Social, provenientes do mundo do trabalho, na Região Sul do Brasil. O estudo é fruto de pesquisa bibliográfica nos Anais dos Encontros Nacionais de Pesquisadores em Serviço Social e dos Congressos Brasileiro de Assistentes Sociais e de pesquisa de campo junto às coordenações de estágio do curso de Serviço Social das Unidades de Formação Acadêmica e das Comissões de Orientação e Fiscalização Profissional dos Conselhos Regionais de Serviço Social. As reconfigurações do mundo do trabalho interferem no estágio e na supervisão, considerando o aligeiramento da formação profissional, intensificadas por flexibilização e precarização das condições de trabalho, fomentada por terceirização, rotatividade de profissionais, empobrecimento intelectual e parca apropriação da competência profissional.

Palavras-chave: Serviço Social. Supervisão de Estágio. Mundo do Trabalho. Formação e Trabalho Profissional.
Mulheres das águas: percepção de trabalhadoras extrativistas sobre polo automotivo em Goiana/Pernambuco
Authors: Araújo Isabelle Maria Mendes de
Published: February 2023

A chegada de empreendimentos industriais multinacionais potencialmente desencadeia dinâmicas de vulnerabilização, como a instalação do polo automotivo da Fiat Chrysler Automobiles/FCA no entorno da reserva extrativista/Resex Goiana/Pernambuco. A Resex envolve quatro comunidades, compostas expressivamente por mulheres das águas, pescadoras e marisqueiras. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender o processo de vulnerabilização no contexto local, a partir da percepção de trabalhadoras extrativistas tradicionais, desencadeado pela chegada da multinacional FCA. Para tal, foi realizada pesquisa de campo mediada por entrevistas, com observação das categorias de análise da reprodução social, segundo Samaja. Apreendemos que o tripé: Capital, Estado e Trabalho; é fundante para as vulnerabilizações ao bem viver, afetando, pois, a saúde, a natureza, a cultura e as relações socioeconômicas locais.
Encarceramento e racismo estrutural na América Latina e Brasil
Authors: França Rosilene Marques Sobrinho de
Published: February 2023

O trabalho analisa o processo de implantação das prisões e o papel exercido pelo cárcere na trajetória histórica brasileira e latino-americana, com reflexões sobre o racismo estrutural e seus desdobramentos junto à população pobre, negra e periférica. A metodologia consistiu em estudo bibliográfico e documental. Os resultados mostraram que há um paradoxo e também uma incisiva articulação entre encarceramento, racismo estrutural e o recrudescimento da legislação penal e processual penal na América Latina e no Brasil, visto que ao tempo em que formalmente um rol de direitos foram conquistados, a partir dos processos de redemocratização, a seletividade penal, o punitivismo e a guerra às drogas apresentaram uma perspectiva de encarceramento em massa, como forma de controle social da população pobre, negra e moradora das periferias urbanas na atualidade.
Processo de construção da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, em Duque de Caxias (RJ)
Authors: Santos Cristiane Medeiros dos , Moraes Carlos Antonio de Souza
Published: February 2023

Neste artigo, objetiva-se analisar o processo de construção da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, em Duque de Caxias, RJ, reconhecendo os conflitos e as correlações de forças. Para a sua construção, recorreu-se à pesquisa qualitativa, por meio de estudo de caso, construído a partir de investigações bibliográficas e de campo. Para a pesquisa de campo, a proposta foi submetida ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Para a sua realização, recorreu-se à amostra não probabilística snowball, selecionando cinco sujeitos que protagonizaram o processo de construção da Raps, em Caxias. De forma geral, verificam-se conflitos expressos na persistência de uma cultura manicomial e hospitalocêntrica ao longo da construção da Raps, resultando inicialmente na tentativa de isolamento de pacientes psiquiátricos no interior de novos serviços de saúde mental.
Trabalho, emprego e renda: as condições de vida de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores no capitalismo contemporâneo
Authors: Krein José Dari
Published: February 2023

O trabalho apresenta uma dupla dimensão, que ficou mais evidente na pandemia. Por um lado, a importância do trabalho ganhou visibilidade, pois mostrou quanto dependemos dos outros para garantir a nossa reprodução. Não somente a nossa sobrevivência física depende do trabalho, como ele pode se tornar um fator de realização ou frustação humana. Por outro lado, o trabalho é fonte de criação de riqueza, que tende a gerar situações de desigualdades, em que grande parte das pessoas ocupadas vive em condição de grande vulnerabilidade, tanto pela ausência de trabalho quanto por inserções precárias, fazendo com que muitos precisem se submeter a qualquer situação para obter renda, como estratégia de sobrevivência, expressando o trabalho como labor
Diversity, habitat associations and stock structure of odontocete cetaceans in the waters of American Samoa, 2003-06
Authors: Johnston David W. , Robbins Jooke , Chapla Marie E. , Mattila David K. , Andrews Kimberly R.
Published: February 2023

Little is known about the species composition, distribution, abundance or stock structure of odontocetes in the central and western tropical Pacific Ocean, including those inhabiting the US Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) waters of American Samoa. While some information on species presence in this region has been gleaned from anecdotal sightings and whaling and stranding records, odontocete diversity in the waters of American Samoa has never been formally investigated. This lack of information precludes efforts to determine the sustainability of cetacean populations within US EEZ waters. This paper reports on the first dedicated surveys to document the presence and distribution of odontocete cetaceans in the waters of American Samoa. A series of small-boat photo-identification and biopsy surveys for cetaceans were conducted in the nearshore waters of Tutuila during 2003-06. In addition, ship-based visual surveys were conducted in the waters surrounding the Manu‘a Islands, Rose Atoll and Swains Island in summer 2006. A total of 58 groups of odontocete cetaceans were encountered during both small-boat and ship-based surveys: spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris, n=34), rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis, n=10), sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus, n=3), false killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens, n=5), bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus., n=1), dwarf sperm whales (Kogia sima, n=1), short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus, n=1), and three groups of unidentified odontocetes. Photographs were analysed for quality and individuals with distinctive markings were selected for entry into a photo-identification catalogue. The resultant catalogue included 46 spinner dolphins, 41 rough-toothed dolphins, 2 bottlenose dolphins, 5 false killer whales, 4 pilot whales, 1 dwarf sperm whale and 4 sperm whales. Thirteen spinner dolphins and 14 rough-toothed dolphins were sighted in multiple years. To investigate stock structure, spinner dolphin genetic data were used to compare mitochondrial control region genetic diversity and allele frequencies between American Samoa and the Hawaiian Islands. American Samoa had a higher genetic diversity, and populations at the two locations were genetically distinct (FST = 0.21). The high diversity at American Samoa indicates that spinner dolphins at this location are not reproductively isolated, but the data do not rule out the possibility that these dolphins may be demographically isolated on ecological timescales.
Brucella spp. in the western North Pacific and Antarctic cetaceans: a review
Authors: Ohishi Kazue , Fujise Yoshihiro , Maruyama Tadashi
Published: February 2023

Brucella spp. has been reported in a variety of marine mammals worldwide. Serological and pathological studies were conducted on Brucella spp. in the western North Pacific using samples from three whale species collected during 2000 under the second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Western North Pacific (JARPN II). Serum samples from 40 common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), 43 Bryde’s whales (B. edeni) and 4 sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) were assessed with agglutination testing designed for B. abortus detection. Brucella-specific serum antibodies were detected in 38% of common minke whale samples. A lower prevalence (9%) of the antibody was observed for the Bryde’s whale samples, whereas no specific antibody against Brucella was observed for the four sperm whales. Serum samples from 104 Antarctic minke whales (B. bonaerensis) collected under the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Antarctic (JARPA) were analysed, and no Brucella-specific antibodies were detected. Granular lesions with caseation and mineralisation were found in 35% (13 males and one female) of 40 minke whale gonads. Similar lesions were also observed in the gonads of one male and one female Bryde’s whale. These gonad lesions were not found in 440 Antarctic minke whales and five sperm whales, despite the thorough examination conducted for reproduction studies. Histopathological studies showed that the lesions consisted of epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells and had an infiltration of lymphocytes. DNA fragments were amplified by PCR using specific primers from ten of 22 abnormal testis tissues collected from common minke whales. The DNA sequences had IS711 transposable elements downstream of bp26, characteristic of marine strains of Brucella spp. The gene structure of omp2, and specific PCR products for seal strains, showed similarity to Atlantic seal strains rather than Atlantic whale strains. This showed that classification based on marine mammal host species, B. cetacea and B. pinippedia is not appropriate. Considering the zoonotic nature of the genus Brucella, the crews and researchers who have had frequent contact with whales were serologically examined and were found to have no health issues associated with this agent. No Brucella-specific antibody was detected in the sera from 51 persons examined in 2001, nor from 103 examined issues in 2003.
A note on the spatial and temporal distribution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) off Venezuela, Southeastern Caribbean
Authors: Acevedo R. , Oviedo L. , Silva N. , Bermudez-Villapol L.
Published: February 2023

This paper presents information on the spatial and temporal distribution of humpback whales in Venezuelan waters. Using a relational database containing information from the museums of Venezuela, published and unpublished records were incorporated into a Geographical Information System (MapInfo Professional 7.0). A total of 53 records were gathered, of which sightings made up 72%, followed by acoustic sampling (9%) intentional capture (6%), stranding (6%) and unknown records (8%). Humpback whales were mainly sighted over the continental shelf of the northeastern region in shallow waters of 0-100m in depth. The date on which each record was made supports the seasonal occurrence of North Atlantic humpback whales off the Venezuelan coast. Opportunistic sightings and stranding records from the austral winter months do not give conclusive proof that Southern Hemisphere humpback whales are present during this time, but lead to the hypothesis that whales migrate from Brazil. Systematic research effort (especially photo-identification) is recommended in order to better understand humpback whale movements, distribution and identity.
Hunting cetaceans with sound: a worldwide review
Authors: Brownell Jr. Robert L. , Nowacek Douglas P. , Ralls Katherine
Published: February 2023

Cetaceans are sensitive to a variety of anthropogenic sounds because they normally use sound to navigate, communicate and capture prey. This paper reviews some fisheries that have taken advantage of this sensitivity by using sound to help capture numerous species of dolphins and whales. Fishermen in many parts of the world have independently developed methods that use sounds to drive (herd) various species of small cetaceans so that they can be killed and used for food, culled (i.e. to offset competition for fish), help capture fish (e.g. in the Eastern Tropical Pacific) or be taken into captivity. It is well documented that drive fisheries for small cetaceans have occurred for at least 650 years in Japan and Europe. With respect to large whales, the use of sound became widespread after World War II, with the advent of an early form of sonar (ASDIC) which was used for hunting both baleen and sperm whales. Baleen whales displayed a strong avoidance reaction to ASDIC by swimming rapidly away from the sound while remaining near the surface of the water. In contrast, sperm whales made longer dives in response to ASDIC. During the 20th Century, fishermen using these two acoustical methods killed millions of cetaceans (including those caught in the Eastern Tropical Pacific tuna fisheries), both small and large. The effectiveness of acoustic capture methods shows that a wide range of cetacean species have strong avoidance reactions to a variety of anthropogenic sounds. Research to better document the characteristics of these sounds, including those used in existing drive fisheries and those produced by ASDIC devices, would improve understanding of the types of anthropogenic sounds that could contribute to mass-stranding events and should be minimised in protected habitats for cetaceans.
A note on cetacean distribution in the Indian EEZ and contiguous seas during 2003-07
Authors: Afsal V. V. , Yousuf K. S. S. M. , Anoop B. , Kannan P. , Rajagopalan M. , Vivekanandan E.
Published: February 2023

Relatively little is known about the distribution of cetaceans in Indian seas due to lack of systematic surveys. For collecting data on species distribution, 35 opportunistic surveys were conducted onboard FORV Sagar Sampada between October 2003 and February 2007 in the Indian EEZ and contiguous seas. In 5,254 hours of sighting effort, a total of 473 cetacean records were made with 5,865 individuals. The occurrence of 10 species from three cetacean families was confirmed. The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin was the most frequently sighted species, whereas the spinner dolphin was dominant in terms of abundance. Long-beaked common dolphins, Indo-Pacific hump-backed dolphin and sperm whales were also recorded at frequent intervals. Cetaceans were found to have a wide geographical distribution in the Indian EEZ and contiguous seas. High abundance and species richness were recorded in the Southeastern Arabian Sea and southern Sri Lankan waters. From the information collected during the present study, the platform of opportunity has proved to be a useful means for cetacean survey.
Изучение факторов, влияющих на развитие первичной дисменореи
Authors: Мусозода Дурдона , Ахмедова Нилюфар
Published: February 2023

Первичная дисменорея — это циклически повторяющийся болевой синдром, который обусловлен комплексом нейровегетативных, обменных и поведенческих нарушений, сопровождающих менструальное отторжение эндометрия.  Возникает непосредственно с момента менархе, либо через несколько лет после установления менструального цикла. Обычно имеет функциональный характер, не связанная с патологией внутренних органов.
Introduction into the practice of medical ozone in combination with antiviral drugs for the treatment of women with herpes infection on the background of FPI
Authors: Abdurashidova Khayitkhon , Akhmedova Nilyufar
Published: February 2023

Herpetic infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the significant problems of modern health care. This is due to a sharp increase in the incidence, a wide range of clinical manifestations, the possibility of an asymptomatic course and a high contagiousness of the pathogen. The probability of intrauterine transmission of HSV, which significantly worsens perinatal outcomes, has been proven. Over 90% of people in the world are infected with HSV, and only 20% of it manifests itself clinically.
The Satisfaction of Civil Servants Civil Service Agency and Human Resources Development (BKPSDM) Bone Bolango Regency Through the Employee Welfare Program
Authors: Husain Meylan , Syamsinah  , Rachman Ayu Anatasya
Published: February 2023

The current study aims  1) To identify and analyze the welfare program made by the government, especially the regional Government of Bone Bolango Regency at the Agency for Personnel and Human Resources Development of Bone Bolango Regency. 2) It also aims to find out and analyze the Saticfaction of the State Civil Apparatus Agency for Human Resources and Development of Bone Bolango Regency through the Employee Welfare Program. 

The method in this study uses descriptive qualitativ methods with interview and documentation data collection terchniques.

The study results show that 1) welfare programs in the Staffing and Resource Development Agency of Bone Bolango Regency are in the form of Job Allowances, Employment BPJS Benefits, and Additional Employee Income Benefits (TPP). It also provides leave facilities work facilities that are adjusted to the class or position of each employee. 2) The Satisfaction of Civil Servants at the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency of Bone Bolango Regency are already satisfied with the provision of a welfare program in the form of a salary adjusted to the class or position given by the Government every month in the form of a basic salary that does not experience deductions. It also provides allowances given according to the regulations set by the Government. In addition, employees will be given an award and work facilities to motivate employees to improve performance further.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RESULTS OF EXAMINATION OF BLOOD POTASSIUM LEVELS IN THE ELDERLY IN THE WORK AREA OF THE HEALTH CENTER OF KABILA
Authors: Lestari Sri , Titin Dunggio  , Arpin
Published: February 2023

Potassium is a major intracellular cation that plays an important role in cellular metabolism. This study aims to describe the results of examination of blood potassium levels in the elderly in the work area of ​​the Kabila Health Center.This research method uses a quantitative research approach with the type of research used in this study is a descriptive type of research. The results of this study indicate that the results of examination of blood potassium levels in the elderly from 26 respondents obtained normal results as many as 5 samples 919.23%, high as many as 5 samples 19.23%, and low as many as 16 samples 61.54%. The amount of low blood potassium is more because respondents have low potassium intake.Conclusion Based on the risk factors that most influence the results of examination of blood potassium levels in the elderly, namely the lack of consuming foods containing potassium and not consuming very high amounts of potassium.
PRÁTICAS DE LEARNING COMMONS
Authors: Jesus Almeida Natalha Aline , Macedo Marcelo , Ramos de Souza Mariane
Published: February 2023

O conceito de Learning Commons está em discussão nos últimos trinta anos e no meio acadêmico este tema está em uma crescente discussões e redefinições, sendo assim o objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre “learning commons” Com o início de um processo estrutura do de seleção e com a análise sistematizada de dez artigos, relacionados ao tema em questão e a partir da visão da pesquisador a , o s resultados advertem para um direcionamento dos estudos para temas como ambiente físico, ambiente virtual e intenção pedagógica, assuntos conexos com a implementação de um learning commons. Essa verificação da voz à necessidade de mais estudos direcionados para os aspectos de implementação, práticas e resultados de aprendizagem, como estratégias para modelos de ambiente comum de aprendizagem.
ESTRATEGIA COMUNICACIONAL Y DOCUMENTACIÓN DE UNA EXPERIENCIA DE IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SALUD DIGITAL
Authors: Roses Maria Alejandra , Palacios Cecilia , Reinoso Lorena , García Zacarías Nicolás
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo describe cómo una estrategia de planificación comunicacional en elámbito de la salud vehiculiza la articulación intergubernamental logrando laimplementación de políticas públicas de salud digital. El objetivo es desarrollar y explicarel proceso de ejecución que llevó a cabo el Equipo de Documentación (ED) del ProyectoARPHAI, para acompañar y guiar el proceso de implementación de una herramienta digital,la Historia de Salud Integrada (HSI), destinada al soporte de la gestión de salud pública. Enprimer lugar, realizamos una caracterización del sistema de salud argentino, con susparticularidades de funcionamiento. Luego nos detenemos específicamente en la laborllevada a cabo por el ED, orientada en un primer momento a la elaboración de materiales yen una segunda instancia al monitoreo de las distintas etapas del proceso deimplementación de la HSI.
Last mile distribution using cargo bikes: a simulation study in Padova
Authors: Ceccato Riccardo
Published: February 2023

The recent growth of e-Commerce has induced an increasing freight demand, which could lead to negative externalities, in particular in urban areas. To foster sustainable development of cities and increase their livability, many local authorities are implementing urban vehicle access regulations, such as low-emission zones, banning the circulation of polluting vehicles. These measures prompted the adoption of new sustainable freight transport solutions for last mile deliveries, such as cargo bikes. The aim of this paper is to describe the study for the implementation of such a system. The procedure was tested (1) to define the location of a transshipment facility where parcels are moved from vans to cargo bikes, (2) to estimate the environmental and economic sustainability of the system, and (3) to quantify the effects of uncertainty in the final results. The framework was applied to the city center of Padova (Italy), where two sets of delivery system were considered: the first with traditional vans starting from an existing urban consolidation center and the second with manual and electric cargo bikes starting from a micro-depot. In particular, demand of home deliveries was estimated for a typical weekday; routes of freight transport means were defined by an optimization procedure; these data were used as input to a Discrete Event Simulation model. A sensitivity analysis was carried out modelling the potential uncertainty associated with load/unload times and travel speed of means, due to traffic congestion. Several scenarios were tested considering three locations as potential transshipment points. Outcomes of the simulations were used to estimate key performance indicators, evaluating the environmental and economic effects of the two delivery schemes. Results highlighted the potentiality of cargo bikes as a sustainable delivery system, and the impacts of uncertainty on the ranking of alternative options (i.e. micro-hubs).
How young pedestrians perceive walkways: gender differences
Authors: Eboli Laura
Published: February 2023

Promotion of active mobility is a strategy to discourage motorized mobility and solve problems linked to environment protection. Particularly, walking could be considered as an alternative to short trips made by car in more densely inhabited areas. For promoting pedestrian mobility, the quality levels of pedestrian paths should be increased. At this regard, collecting pedestrians’ perceptions about the path characteristics is fundamental. In this paper, perceptions are collected in terms of Stated Preferences (SP) by detecting the choices pedestrians would make in hypothetical scenarios characterized by certain service quality levels. More specifically, this work aims to analyze pedestrian preferences by highlighting gender differences through discrete choice modelling. An SP survey was addressed to a sample of 240 Italian university students, and mixed logit models were calibrated. The results highlight how women and men perceive differently some walkway characteristics