bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional muscle architecture of the infant and adult trapezius: a cadaveric pilot study
Authors: Stiver Mikaela L. , Bradshaw Luke R. , Breinhorst Ethan M. , Agur Anne M. R. , Mirjalili S. Ali
Published: August 2021

Objectives: The elaborate morphometry of the human trapezius muscle facilitates its involvement in numerous active movements of the shoulder girdle and passive stabilization of the upper extremity. Despite its functional importance throughout the lifespan, little is known about the 3D architecture of trapezius at any post-natal timepoints. Accordingly, the aim of this preliminary cadaveric study was to digitize, quantify, model, and compare the 3D architecture of trapezius at two temporal extremes: infancy and adulthood. Methods: We examined trapezius in two female formalin-embalmed cadavers, aged 6 months and 72 years, respectively. We meticulously dissected each muscle, allowing us to digitize and model the comprehensive muscle architecture in situ at the fiber bundle level. We quantified standard architectural parameters to facilitate comparison between each functional partition of trapezius (i.e., descending, transverse, ascending) and proportionally between the infant and adult specimens. Results: We found markedly different patterns in fiber bundle length range, physiological cross-sectional area, and muscle volume within and between muscles. Notably, the proportional physiological cross-sectional area of the ascending and descending partitions was equal (1:1) in the infant, in contrast to 3:1 in the adult. The transverse partitions were proportionally similar, accounting for over half of the whole muscle physiological cross-sectional area in both specimens. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary insights into infant and adult trapezius architecture at an unparalleled level of detail and precision. The quantifiable architectural differences appear to coincide with functional development-a notion that warrants further investigation in larger samples and with longitudinal approaches.
Editorial
Authors: Livia Segovia José Hector
Published: August 2021

Editorial
P4 medicine as a tool for stimulating healthy lifestyle and the basis of teaching prevention to students of general medicine and pediatrics
Authors: Shulaev AV , Chernovbrovkina GI , Kasimova LN , Shikaleva AA , Zinoviev PV
Published: August 2021

This article focuses on approaches to implementing the principles of P4 medicine, specifically, stimulating prevention-based thinking among students of faculties of general medicine and pediatrics. Below, we describe a pilot approach to teaching hygiene that was implemented at the Department of General Hygiene (Kazan State Medical University). Considering the gnoseological role of empathy, we designed an interactive workbook for students taking a course in Hygiene. The workbook allows the student to engage in empathic interactions and discourse about the studied subject with the teacher and peers. After the course, the students were surveyed; their degree of engagement in the learning process and their expectations were evaluated. The respondents rated their interest in Hygiene before starting the course as 5.6 and 5.7 points on the 10-point scale (for the traditional and innovative courses, respectively). During the course, the score increased to 5.8 and 8.6 points for the traditional and innovative courses, respectively. Our pilot project demonstrates the need for reviewing the strategy of teaching hygiene and prevention-related disciplines at clinical faculties and including the principles of P4 medicine in the medical curriculum, thus allowing the student to effectively perform their professional duties in primary healthcare.
Gender features of the physical state of medical university professors of pre-retirement and retirement age
Authors: Latyshevskaya NI , Belyaeva AV , Kovaleva MD , Levchenko NV
Published: August 2021

In the past few years, the number of elderly people has been growing in Russia. Every fifth retired person does not resign and continues to work. The situation with employees that have already reached the retirement age is distinctly special in the country's higher education establishments. Therefore, the task of studying the peculiarities of health of higher school professors that have already passed the retirement age threshold or are approaching it is an urgent one, the purpose of such a study being prolongation of the "healthy old age". It is necessary to factor in gender specifics, since, according to the statistics, men run greater risks of developing chronic non-communicable diseases than women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender-related peculiarities of the physical condition and the rate of aging of medical university professors of pre-retirement and retirement age with the aim to develop measures enabling such employees to maintain a high level of working efficiency. The study involved 169 teachers aged 55-70. A set of anthropometric measurements was taken. The participants had their blood pressure measured, level of physical condition and their adaptive potential assessed. The rate of aging and biological age were calculated for all the participants with the help of A.G. Gorelkin and B.B. Pinkhasov's formulas. The study revealed significant differences in most morpho-functional status indicators signaling of the greater cardiovascular system disease risks run by male teachers compared with their female peers. However, female participants presented significantly more cases of obesity, which explains the revealed differences in the rate of aging that was higher among women.
Health aspects of innovation in modern society
Authors: Kolomin VV , Kudryasheva IA , Devrishov RD , Khorosheva IV , Gololobov MI , Khabchiev RK , Filyaev VN
Published: August 2021

Wide use of computers, information and communication technologies and gadgets in industry and society unlocks creativity, refines logic, stimulates analytical and research skills, makes work much easier, and allows many types of activities to be performed remotely. But despite their indisputable advantages, information technologies have a downside. The negative impact of computers and electronic gadgets on the cognitive, emotional and mental states, the gastrointestinal tract, vision and the musculoskeletal system have been proved. Children are particularly sensitive to the negative effects of IT. This study provides concise information on some IT-associated health conditions (IT-associated morbidity) and proposes some measure to minimize the negative effects of IT on children’s health.
O estudo do meio como opção metodológica na formação inicial de professores/as de Geografia: relato de experiência nas cidades históricas do Vale do Rio Paraíba do Sul Paulista
Authors: Hanglei Cacete Núria , Dos Anjos Durães Fabíola Alice , Henrique de Moura Cleberson
Published: August 2021

Este relato de experiência trata de um estudo do meio realizado nas cidades históricas do Vale do Rio Paraíba do Sul Paulista, desenvolvido em uma disciplina ministrada para licenciandos/as em Geografia da Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Descrevemos e analisamos as etapas de realização do trabalho, avaliando sua importância para a formação docente e construindo um referencial que contribua para o desenvolvimento de experiências em outros níveis de ensino. As atividades foram ancoradas no referencial teórico e metodológico do estudo do meio e no protagonismo estudantil. A experiência foi realizada em 2018, suas etapas foram acompanhadas por um projeto de observação participante e documentação, e os resultados dos procedimentos didáticos adotados, os depoimentos de estudantes e a avaliação da proposta foram analisados. O desenvolvimento do projeto possibilitou aos/às estudantes uma aprendizagem significativa por meio da liberdade na elaboração de projetos; da metodologia ativa com produções autorais; de discussões de temas contemporâneos e produção de recursos e materiais didáticos baseados em novas mídias – elementos que evidenciam o potencial pedagógico da prática apresentada.
O processo de regionalização da educação superior na América Latina: breves reflexões acerca do Mercosul
Authors: Almenara Gilsemara Vasques Rodrigues , Silva Robson Aparecido da Costa , Bogoni Lucas , Salomé Murilo Martins
Published: August 2021

This article reflects on the process of regionalization of higher education in Latin America, discussing the advances and challenges for the constitution of an integrated space for higher education in the Southern Common Market – Mercosur. This is a descriptive-exploratory research that deals with the theme, based on the analysis of categories that express political-educational elements. As a result, it appears that there is still no space for higher education in Mercosur; the presence of supranational forces acting in the bloc's integration policies; as well as the existence of political, educational and social asymmetries between the member countries of the bloc, making possible major obstacles to the educational integration process.
La inmigración irlandesa en la frontera del Salado, Argentina.
Authors: Cruset Maria Eugenia
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar la inmigración irlandesa a la frontera de la cuenca del río Salado, específicamente en los partidos de Monte y Saladillo. Utilizaremos como fuente primaria las fichas censales del primer censo nacional de la República Argentina llevado a cabo en septiembre de 1869. También cruzaremos esos datos con registros eclesiásticos como bautismos, matrimonios y decesos. Será mayormente un estudio cuantitativo aunque con algunos aspectos cualitativos en ciertas circunstancias relevantes. Nuestro objetivo es analizar las actividades económicas y su relación con la sociedad local de los partidos en estudio. Nuestra hipótesis es que, si bien la frontera, con sus complejidades, modificó algunas prácticas, la mayoría se siguieron manteniendo.
Determinants of worse prognosis in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators. Are ventricular arrhythmias an adjunctive risk factor?
Authors: Landolina Maurizio , Boriani Giuseppe , Biffi Mauro , Cattafi Giuseppe , Capucci Alessandro , Dello Russo Antonio , Facchin Domenico , Rordorf Roberto , Sagone Antonio , Del Greco Maurizio , Morani Giovanni , Nicolis Daniele , Meloni Sarah , Grammatico Andrea , Gasparini Maurizio
Published: August 2021

Aims

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is indicated in patients with systolic heart failure (HF), severe left ventricle (LV) dysfunction and interventricular dyssynchrony.

In prospective observational research, we aimed to evaluate whether CRT-induced LV reverse remodelling and occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias (VT/VF) independently contribute to prognosis in patients with CRT defibrillators (CRT-D).

Methods

In 95 Italian cardiological centres, after a screening period of 6 months, patients were categorized according to VT/VF occurrence and CRT response, defined as LV end-systolic volume relative reduction >15% or LV ejection fraction absolute increase >5%. The main endpoint was death or HF hospitalizations.

Results

Among 1308 CRT-D patients (80% male, mean age 66 years), at 6 months, follow-up 71% were identified as CRT responders and 12% experienced appropriate VT/VF detections. The main endpoint was significantly and independently associated with previous myocardial infarction, New York Heart Association Class, VT/VF occurrence and with CRT response. CRT nonresponder patients who suffered VT/VF in the screening period had a risk of death or HF hospitalizations [HR = 7.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.95–15.48] significantly (P < 0.001) higher than CRT responders without VT/VF occurrence. This risk is mitigated without VT/VF occurrence (HR = 3.47, 95% CI = 2.03–5.91, P < 0.001) or in case of CRT response (HR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.44–6.72, P = 0.004).

Conclusion

Our data show that both CRT response and occurrence of VT/VF independently contribute to the risk of death or HF-related hospitalizations in CRT-D patients. Early VT/VF occurrence may be identified as a marker of disease severity than can be mitigated by CRT response both in terms of all-cause mortality and long-term VT/VF onset.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00147290 and NCT00617175
Commitment to the truth or defensive stance? Political strategies in the Brexit contest
Authors: Iñigo-Mora Isabel
Published: August 2021

This paper analyses politicians’ selection of adverbs of certainty and extreme case formulations (ECFs) in both the 1975 Referendum and the Brexit (2016). This analysis helped discover if politicians in the 1975 Referendum and the Brexit: (a) framed a similar or different reality through their discourse choices and (b) used the same types of adverbs of certainty and ECFs and with the same frequency. For this purpose, we contrasted both the time (the 1975 Referendum vs. the Brexit) and the position (Anti-Europe vs. Pro-Europe). The corpus was made up of eight different recordings. Four of them were about the Brexit and four about the 1975 Referendum. In the case of the Brexit corpus, two recordings were Pro-Europe, two were Anti-Europe, and the same was in the case of the 1975 Referendum corpus.
Understanding and attributing cultural heritage values to individual plants
Authors: Smith Pamela
Published: August 2021

The cultural, both tangible and intangible heritage value of individual plant specimens are rarely included in discussions regarding botanical and cultural heritage, whilst the more scientific and conservation values of a plant as a genetic resource or habitat component are more defined and understood. Nassauer (1995) acknowledges that cultural concepts of nature are different from scientific concepts of ecological function. Widening multidisciplinary discussion and an increased consensus in the definition and role of intangible cultural heritage have all facilitated the potential of cultural heritage plant values being understood by the heritage sector. How can such heritage values be assessed, are there existing methodologies within the heritage and collections management sectors that can be used for living plants? Would this heritage value be passed on to a plant’s offspring, is heritage a tradeable commodity and how would such heritage status affect future management?
Managing botanic garden collections of high conservation value
Authors: Gardner Martin F.
Published: August 2021

The author has spent 30 years co-ordinating the International Conifer Conservation Programme (ICCP), based at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, and uses this significant milestone to reflect on some important aspects of managing genetic resources in plants of conservation concern. The main driver of the ex-situ component of the ICCP has been to develop robust protocols for broadening the genetic base of threatened conifers and a range of conservation dependent Chilean woody plants in cultivation. This is achieved using well-documented known wild origin material distributed through a dedicated network of ‘safe sites’. Examples of threatened species for which collection and cultivation of a breadth of genetic material has enabled meaningful conservation are given here. The strategy to increase genetic material in cultivation sometimes involves using novel methods including conservation hedges. The great challenge facing all managers of botanical collections is how to develop effective programmes that integrate ex-situ with in-situ conservation. The biggest contribution collection managers and growers can make is to maximise the value of collections in their care and actions which achieve this are listed.
Effect of Thiophenone Compound on Motility and Caseinase Production of Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Sinaga Ayu Ashari Margareth , Julyantotro Pande Gde Sasmita , Pebriani Dewa Ayu Angga
Published: August 2021

Motility and caseinase production are part of bacterial virulence factors which are regulated by a bacterial intercellular communication system, often called quorum sensing (QS). This study aims to determine the effect of the QS inhibitor compound thiophenone in reducing those virulence factors. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Udayana University, from December 2019 to March 2020. This study tested 3 different treatments with 3 repetitions for each treatment. Treatment A as control (without the addition of thiophenone), treatment B (addition of 5 ?M thiophenone), and C treatment (addition of 10 ?M thiophenone). The results showed that thiophenone compounds can inhibit the QS system of Aeromonas hydrophila. It can be seen from the significantly reduced (P<0.05) motility and caseinase enzyme activity of A. hydrophila compared to without addition of thiophenone compounds. The average diameter of the caseinase enzyme production produced in treatment A at 22 hours was 21.40±0.36 mm, in treatment B was 19.70±0.2 mm and in treatment, C was 17.87±0.05 mm. Whereas in motility, the resulting average diameter in treatment A at 22 hours was 6.57±0.61 mm, in treatment B was 5.67±0.35 mm and in treatment, C was 5.10±0.6 mm. These results indicate that the QS thiophenone inhibitor compound can reduce virulence factors, namely motility and caseinase production from pathogenic bacteria A. hydrophila. Treatment C can decrease virulence factors compared to treatment A and B.
Malassezia sp. Infection Prevalence in Dermatitis Dogs in Badung Area
Authors: Sudipa Putu Henrywaesa , Pasek Gelgel Ketut Tono , Jayanti Putu Devi
Published: August 2021

Malasseziosis is a common fungal infection in dogs and it is secondary to the initial underlying dermatitis infection. These infections can worsen the prognosis of disease in dogs. The study was conducted on 26 dogs that were treated in several veterinary clinics in the Badung, Bali. This study aimed to determine the incidence rate of Malassezia sp. in dogs with dermatitis. Samples were collected using tape smear method from the skin lesion and then by microscopic examination. The results were tabulated and analyze descriptively. The results showed that 15 of the 26 samples of dogs tested positive were infected with Malassezia sp. (58%). Infection is more common in male (60%) and geriatric dogs (40%). Lesions were more common in the ear, limb, vaginal and inguinal region of infected dogs
Effect of Different Stocking Densities on the Growth and Survival Rate of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Seeds in Batur Lake Floating Net Cages
Authors: Nurazizah Hikmah , Arthana I Wayan , Kartika Gde Raka Anggara
Published: August 2021

Stocking density is an important factor in cultivation, it can save land use, and increase the efficiency of fish farming. The purpose of this research was to determine the different density information on tilapia seeds measuring 2-3 cm as an alternative to using tilapia (O. niloticus) seeds 7-9 cm in size so that they can be developed in Batur Lake. The research was conducted in January - March 2020 in the floating net cages in Trunyan Kintamani village, Bangli, Bali. The research used a completely randomized design method with three treatments and three repetitions. The Tilapia seeds used are 2-3 cm with different stocking densities, 100 ind/m3, 150 ind/m3, and 200 ind/m3. The parameters observed were SGR (Specific Growth Rate), absolute growth, SR (Survival Rate), FCR (Feed Conversion Ratio), and water quality including temperature, DO, pH, TDS. The results of this study indicated that stocking density did not have a significant effect on the growth and survival rate of tilapia seeds, because the temperature was too cold so that the tilapia seeds failed to adapt properly at the beginning of stocking and the physiological conditions of the fish were disturbed so that the fish experienced stress and went to died. Water quality parameters measured include temperature with a range value of 25.86-25.880C, pH with a range value of 9.08-9.13, DO (Dissolved oxygen) with a range value of 7.9-8 mg/L, and TDS (Dissolved solids) with a range value of 1040.25-1041.58 mg/L.
Effect of Giving Different Doses of Vitamin E in Feed to the Level of Gonad Maturity of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Tarigan Gunawan , Arthana I Wayan , Pebriani Dewa Ayu Angga
Published: August 2021

One of the nutrients that can be given to brood feed fish to improve reproductive performance and egg quality is vitamin E. Vitamin E has a very important role in increasing fish reproduction because vitamin E functions as an antioxidant that can maintain the presence of fatty acids and prevent fat oxidation in the fish cell membrane and can accelerate the secretion of reproductive hormones. This study aims to determine the effect of vitamin E in feed at different doses on the level of gonad maturity of tilapia. The research was conducted at the Fisheries Laboratory of the Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Udayana University from July to August 2020. The samples of fish tested were tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) obtained from the Teratai fishing pond, Sanur Bali. Vitamin E used was Ovagrow Vit E with a vitamin E content of 50%. The CRD method (completely randomized design) was used with four treatments and three replications. The doses of vitamin E that were mixed into the feed were 0, 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg of feed. The results showed that the administration of vitamin E mixed in the feed at different doses had a significant effect on the achievement of gonad maturity level, gonad somatic index (GSI), and Fecundity (P <0.05). Provision of vitamin E at a dose of 300 mg/kg of feed was the best dose for ripening tilapia gonads. The gonad maturity level developed up to maturity stage IV, the GSI value was (3.56 ± 0.46) and the fecundity value was (1379 ± 289).
Profile of Leachate and Sea Water in The Waste Processing Area Suwung, Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Iswari Pande Kadek Ari , Ernawati Ni Made , Restu I Wayan
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the profile of leachate, and seawater in the Suwung waste processing area (TPA Suwung). The method used in this research was descriptive quantitative. The results showed a high profile of untreated leachate with a TSS value of 9.407 mg/L, pH with a value of 8.17, DO with a value of 0.063 mg/L, BOD with a value of 375.5 mg/L, and COD with a value of 5.776 mg/L. The treated leachate with a TSS value of 4,987 mg/L, pH with a value of 8.52, DO with a value of 0.063 mg/L, BOD with a value of 321.9 mg/L, and a COD value with a value of 3.069 mg/L. Meanwhile, the seawater profile was classified as good with parameter values of TSS with a value of 76 mg/L, DO 7.54 mg/L, pH 7.54, BOD with a value of 13.6 mg/L, COD with a value of 64 mg/L. The existence of TPA Suwung has a negative impact and influence on seawater in the area. Revitalization efforts are needed to carry out leachate water treatment so that the effluent quality can be improved for the quality of water around TPA Suwung.
Génesis y elaboración de la Ley de Promoción de la Autonomía Personal y Atención a las personas en situación de dependencia
Authors: Cobo Gálvez Pablo
Published: August 2021

SUMARIO: I. El Libro Blanco de la Dependencia.- II. Los grandes temas sobre la configuración del Sistema para la Autonomía y Atención a la dependencia. A). De cobertura universal en el ámbito de la protección pública o en el marco regulador de la Seguridad Social. B). Protección de acceso abierto a toda persona con dependencia o limitado a determinados niveles de severidad C). Prestaciones de servicios o prestaciones económicas. D). Financiación a través de impuestos generales, finalistas o cotizaciones. E). La distribución de la financiación del sistema entre las administraciones públicas. F). Debe haber cofinanciación de los beneficiarios o las prestaciones deben ser de carácter gratuito. G). Gestión centralizada o descentralizada en las CCAA y los municipios. III. Negociación con los Interlocutores Sociales. IV. Aprobación del Anteproyecto y Proyecto por el Gobierno: Comisión de Presidencia. V. La participación de las organizaciones de personas con discapacidad y mayores. VI. La tramitación parlamentaria de la Ley.
Presentación
Authors: Casino Rubio Miguel
Published: August 2021

La Ley 18/2009, de 23 de noviembre, modifica una vez más el Texto Articulado de la Ley sobre Tráfico, Circulación de Vehículos y Seguridad Vial de 1990, en esta ocasión, en materia sancionadora. La nueva Ley diseña, apurando el modelo del denominado permiso de conducir por puntos ideado por la Ley 17/2005, de 19 de julio, un nuevo procedimiento sancionador en materia de tráfico.
Gait-based Biometric Identification System using Triangulated Skeletal Models (TSM)
Authors: Tahir Sabir Azhin
Published: August 2021

Human gait identification is a behavioral biometric technology which can be used to monitor human beings without user interaction. Recent researches are more focused on investigating gait as one of the biometric traits.  Further, gait recognition aims to analyze and identify human behavioral activities and may be implemented in different scenarios including access control and criminal analysis. However, using various techniques in relation to image processing and obtaining better accuracy are remaining challenges. In last decade, Microsoft has introduced the Kinect sensor as an innovative sensor to provide image characteristics, precisely. Therefore, this article uses a Kinect sensor to extract gait characteristics to be used in individual recognition. A set of Triangulated shape are generated as new feature vector and called Triangulated Skeletal Model (TSM). Nearest Neighbor technique is utilized to do the recognition issue based on leave-one-out strategy. The experimental outcomes indicated that the recommended technique provides significant results and outperforms other comparative similar techniques with accuracy of 93.46%.
Liveability Dimensions in New Town Developments: An Overview of Senri New Town and Purbachal New Town
Authors: Rahman Tahmina , Fatemi Md. Nawrose
Published: August 2021

Since the 1960s, new town developments within large metropolises have been widely adopted to decongest the city centres, especially in Asian cities. This paper provides a brief account of the liveability dimensions of two new townships developed in large metropolitan areas: Senri New Town in Osaka and Purbachal New Town in Dhaka. The study primarily draws on master plans of the two developments to identify how the components of the plans reflect the physical, social, functional and safety dimensions of a proposed liveability framework. The methodology combines a review of masters plans with scholarly and grey literature on the two new town developments. The findings show while the social and functional dimensions are integrated with Senri New Town; Purbachal New Town, though more recent, appears to have missed opportunities for diversifying density, social mix and mass transit. The paper concludes that the comparative case, Senri-New Town provides insights on how public-private people participation can leverage citizen-centred design for more liveable residential living environments in developing cities.
Experimental Study on Fabrication and Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Plain Weave Copper Mesh Embedded Hybrid Composite with E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy GFRP Composite
Authors: Chopra Ravindra , Kumar Mukesh , Akhtar Nahid
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the experimental study on on GFRP (Glass-Fiber Reinforced Plastic) composite which is fiberglass reinforced with epoxy matrix and find its mechanical properties that can be compared with other hybrid composite which include plain weave copper strips mesh in between the layers of fiberglass in GFRP composite. Both type of composites are made using hand layup technique i.e., placing of chopped fiberglass sheet and then epoxy resin layer by layer, after filling of epoxy and fiberglass at 20% fiber loading which is measured by digital scale, then a pressure is also applied on this sandwich. After 24 hours it is ready to be demolded and after 48 hrs. samples was cuts as per ASTM standards then testing was done on both GFRP and Hybrid composites to find their Mechanical & Physical Properties. Results shows improvement as we introduce plain weave copper strips mesh in between the GFRP laminate to make it hybrid.
KAJIAN PENGARUH PERLAKUAN PULP DAN LAMA PENYEDUHAN TERHADAP MUTU KIMIA TEH CASCARA
Authors: Muzaifa Murna , Hasni Dian , Arpi Normalina , Sulaiman M. Ikhsan , Limbong Moh. Sahlan
Published: August 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menganalisis mutu kimia seduhan cascara yang diperoleh dari kulit kopi arabika Gayo.  Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua faktor yaitu perlakuan pulp dan lama seduhan cascara. Faktor perlakuan pulp kopi (P) terdiri atas 6 taraf yaitu pulp buah kopi yang difermentasi dalam karung selama 12 jam (P1), pulp yang direndam air selama 12 jam (P2), pulp yang dibiarkan diruang terbuka (P3), pulp dari pengolahan kering (P4), pulp dari limbah produksi wine coffee (P5) dan pulp dari limbah petani (P6). Faktor kedua yaitu lama penyeduhan (H) yang terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu (H1 = 4 menit, H2 = 6 menit dan H3 = 8 menit). Parameter yang diamati meliputi nilai pH, total padatan terlarut dan total fenol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pulp kopi dan lama seduhan berpengaruh terhadap nilai pH dan total padatan terlarut. Nilai total fenol seduhan cascara hanya dipengaruhi oleh lama penyeduhan cascara.  Cascara dengan total fenol tertinggi diperoleh pada pembuatan cascara dari pulp secara natural dengan penyeduhan 8 menit.
PENGEMBANGAN AMPLANG UD. KELOMPOK MELATI MELALUI METODE VALUE ENGINEERING BERBASIS MARKETING MIX
Authors: Darmawan Muhammad Indra , Ilmannafian Adzani Ghani , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Pengembangan usaha merupakan salah satu cara agar suatu usaha dapat bersaing dipasaran. Salah satu cara pengembangan usaha adalah dengan mengembangkan bauran pemasaran (Marketing mix). UD Kelompok Melati merupakan unit usaha yang bergerak dibidang pembuatan amplang. Sejak mulai beroperasi pada tahun 2014, UD Kelompok Melati belum banyak melakukan pengembangan usaha dalam hal bauran pemasaran yang didalamnya terdapat variabel produk, tempat, harga dan promosi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan prioritas pengembangan usaha amplang menggunakan metode Value Engineering berdasarkan bauran pemasaran (Marketing mix). Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah tahapan informasi, tahapan kreatif, tahapan analisis, tahapan pengembangan dan tahapan rekomendasi. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan kuesioner, kemudian dianalisis dengan Expert Choice versi 11. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prioritas pengembangan adalah bauran produk dengan nilai 0,551 serta alternatif prioritas untuk dikembangkan adalah varian rasa dengan nilai 0,529 dan rasa yang disukai adalah balado, jagung manis, balado dan pedas. Harga pokok produksi pengembangan ini sebesar Rp.6.345 dan BEP produksi 17 unit.
R&D and Human Capital Policies as Determinant Factors for a Company's Performance and Profitability
Authors: Țilică Elena Valentina
Published: August 2021

Purpose: This paper investigates the impact of R&D expenses and human capital related indicators on the performance and profitability of companies from the European pharmaceutical sector.
Declining Desire for Childbearing in Couples with Higher Education: A Qualitative Study in Iran
Authors:   Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Social Determinants  of  Health  Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Iran, Moeini Babak , Taheri Malihe ,   Hamadan Health Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Shirahmadi Samane ,   Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Social Determinants  of  Health  Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Iran, Otogara Marziyeh ,   Department of Public Health, Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Published: August 2021

Iran has experienced a significant decline in the fertility rate over the past decades. One of the principal reasons for this decline is decreased willingness to bear children, especially in the highly educated couples subset. For that reason, developing and implementing a successful population policy is essential to increase fertility in this subpopulation. The study aimed at explaining the unwillingness to bear children in this subgroup. The qualitative research was conducted using a content analysis approach based on the data acquired using in-depth and semi-structured interviews with couples with an educational level of master’s and above, and without children or having one child. In this study, in total, 40 couples (40 women and 40 men) were interviewed. Of the participants, 57.5% had one child. Four main themes were developed using conventional content analysis: rationality and awareness, gender equality and willingness to bear children, cultural and social renovation, and concern about the child’s future. The results indicated that different factors such as economic, social, and cultural reasons and less hope in the future affect unwillingness to bear children in highly educated couples. Taking into account, these factors are essential at the time of development and implementation of pro-natalist policies.
SIMULATION OF STATIONARY THERMAL REGIME OF OIL TRANSFORMER USING ANSYS
Authors:   Design Bureau LLC ", KROPOTIN V. O. ,   RMZ",   GPN-ONPZ ",   (PKB), Omsk, Russia, GIRSHIN S. S. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, GORYUNOV V. N. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, PETROVA E. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, TROTSENKO V. M. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, SHEPELEV A. O. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: August 2021

С расширением электроэнергетической системы возрастает количество распределительных подстанций, наибольшее распространение на которых имеют масляные трансформаторы. Увеличение числа трансформаторов ведет к росту потерь энергии, которые зависят от многих факторов, в том числе от температуры обмоток. В то же время температура является одним из самых важных параметров, определяющих ресурс трансформатора. В статье рассмотрена цифровая модель теплового режима масляного трансформатора с естественным охлаждением на базе программного комплекса ANSYS, ориентированная как на задачи расчета потерь энергии, так и на оценку нагрузочной способности. Произведено сравнение результатов моделирования с нормами нагрева. Использование моделей теплового режима при расчете потерь мощности позволяет существенно повысить точность расчетов.
Utilização de uma abordagem dietética no controle e redução dos riscos cardiovasculares em pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica
Authors: Pereira Niccoly Kolle , Oliveira Breno Carvalho Tambuque de , Oliveira Bruno Carvalho Tambuque de , Filho Clelio Mendes da Silva , Costa Douglas Almeida , Fonseca Igor Francisco Matoso da , Costa Laise Soares , Pires Tales de Sousa Coutinho Ferreira , Souza Luciano Coelho de
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Estudar a eficácia clínica da Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (dieta DASH) no controle da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e, por conseguinte, redução dos riscos de doenças cardiovasculares. Revisão bibliográfica: A prevalência da HAS aumenta com a idade. Tendo em vista o crescimento da população idosa no país, essa condição clínica se apresenta como um desafio para o sistema público de saúde. Existem, de maneira geral, duas abordagens principais para o tratamento da hipertensão arterial: a farmacológica com a utilização dos anti-hipertensivos e a não farmacológica como a melhoria dos hábitos de vida. A dieta DASH faz parte do grupo dessas intervenções não medicamentosas e consiste em uma maior ingestão de frutas, verduras, produtos com baixo teor de sódio, colesterol e ácidos graxos saturados. Esse padrão alimentar possui benefícios reconhecidos na redução da pressão arterial sistêmica e riscos cardiovasculares, uma vez que o consumo de sal e colesterol é menor, contribuindo, assim, para a prevenção de acidentes coronarianos e vasculares cerebrais. Considerações finais: Por esses motivos, a dieta DASH tem sido apontada por diretrizes nacionais e internacionais como medida terapêutica para o controle da hipertensão arterial sistêmica.
Transplante de células tronco do cordão umbilical: revisão bibliográfica com enfoque do uso no Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Giulia Dalla Bernardina , Silva Altenor Luz Ferreira da , Gobbi Amanda Samora , Vieira Bárbara Oliveira , Moraes Gabriel Coelho Soares , Botelho Letícia Lourenço , Mattos Lorena , Bergamasco Thaís Oliveira , Sales Thales Miranda
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Abordar a origem das células tronco umbilicais, utilização prática, vantagens, desvantagens e o processo desde o cadastro à captação nos bancos de doação do Brasil. Revisão bibliográfica: A análise se trata do uso terapêutico das células tronco umbilicais com enfoque na realidade brasileira. Por meio dos estudos evidenciou- se que inúmeros são os benefícios, destacando a fácil acessibilidade e a desnecessidade de compatibilidade total entre doador e receptor. Por outro lado, apresentam como desvantagem o uso limitado às pessoas de 50 kg pela restrição da quantidade de célula captada. No que tange aos bancos de doação, destaca-se a rede pública do Brasil, BrasilCord, a qual é reconhecida pela segurança e eficácia dos transplantes realizados. Considerações finais: Diante do exposto, conclui-se a importância do transplante de células tronco do cordão umbilical, destacando-se sua superioridade quando comparado aos transplantes autólogos convencionais no tratamento de diversas doenças e o protagonismo do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) na garantia da realização eficaz da coleta e do processamento das células.
O uso de creatina monohidratada e o possível compromentimento na disfunção renal: revisão narrativa
Authors: Cassiano Leandro Colombo , Feitosa Faisson Luís Leal , Lago Victor Jorge , Junior Silvio Almeida , Maniglia Fabíola Pansani , Franco Gabriel Silveira
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Revisar a relação entre a suplementação de creatina, especialmente em sua forma monohidratada, e o declínio da função renal, bem como se há uma relação entre essa suplementação e a lesão renal. Revisão bibliográfica: Os achados de lesão renal associada ao uso de creatina não puderam atribuir o quadro clínico de forma isolada ao uso da substância. Deve-se considerar que as características individuais, bem como do consumo alimentar e das demais suplementações, exercem papel importante. O uso de creatina em doses recomendadas tem sua segurança garantida pelos órgãos regulamentadores e não há, até o momento, contraindicação para o seu uso por pessoas saudáveis e que apresentem necessidade de suplementação. Considerações finais: Ao analisar o uso da creatina isoladamente e como único fator desencadeante para a injúria renal, não foram encontradas evidências suficientes que consolidem a associação entre disfunção renal e o uso desta substância. O uso da creatina é seguro por pessoas saudáveis, quando em doses adequadas.
Perfil dos profissionais de saúde e sua relação com a Síndrome de Burnout: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Cavalcanti Carlos Humbertto Marques , Silva Leide Dayane Barbosa da , Castilho José Luiz dos Santos , Silva Elder Yuji Kimura da , Bandeira Lívia Almeida Rocha , Silva Thiago Rodrigo Fernandes da
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Realizar uma análise narrativa com base em literaturas científicas sobre o entendimento da Síndrome de Burnout e o perfil dos profissionais de saúde afetados gerando consequências na saúde desses indivíduos no seu âmbito biopsicossocial. Revisão bibliográfica: A Síndrome de Burnout (SB) é um conjunto de sinais e sintomas que levam a uma profunda exaustão intelectual e corporal devido exposição significativa a momentos que necessitam de certa carga emocional para lidar com as demandas advindas do meio profissional. Nesse contexto, os profissionais de saúde são submetidos a carga de estresse tanto físicas quanto psicológicas, os que atuam no atendimento de urgência e emergência podem ter níveis mais elevados de Burnout, isso ocorre devido à pressão exigida em seu cargo. Por conseguinte, a exaustão dos trabalhadores gera complicações também aos pacientes, já que a qualidade do atendimento pode ser prejudicada. Outrossim, indivíduos casados ou em união estável apresentam maior resistência aos problemas emocionais justificados pela experiência da responsabilidade familiar maior. Considerações finais: Verifica-se que há uma vasta literatura sobre esse assunto, entretanto há limitação nas amostras que implica em resultados fidedignos para traçar o perfil de um profissional suscetível à SB.
Payment scheme for environmental services as a management strategy to regulate artisanal fishing in the Integrated Management District Cispata, Colombia
Authors: López Johann , Contreras Andrea
Published: August 2021

Marine and coastal ecosystems are characterized as highly productive areas in terms of the benefits they provide to humanity, with food provision being one of the most important. In 2018, in the Cispata Integrated Management District (DMI Cispata), due to
the decrease in fishing resources, artisanal fishermen signed agreements for the recovery of the resource; however, they have not been implemented for various reasons. This study shows the viability of a Payment Scheme for Environmental Services as an alternative
to induce compliance with fishing agreements. The analysis developed here indicates that the DMI Cispata fulfills the necessary conditions to implement this economic instrument benefiting 20 fishing organizations in the area.
Quantitative and qualitative analysis of contaminating hydrocarbons in the Gulf of Santiago de Cuba by gas chromatography
Authors: Mesa Liliana , Falcón José , Mulet Alexander , Castellanos Juan
Published: August 2021

The coasts of Cuba are exposed to damage caused by the contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons. The coastal strip of the Gulf of Santiago de Cuba is an example of natural resources deterioration due to this contamination, which appears as one of its main
environmental problems. In the present work, using gas chromatography, quantitative and qualitative analysis were performed based on the retention time values and the area under the chromatogram curve, which allowed characterizing the degree of contamination at four points of the bay of Santiago de Cuba: playa La Estrella (P1), “Guillermón Moncada” Port (P2) “Hermanos Díaz” Oil Refinery (P3), “Antonio Maceo” Thermoelectric Power Plant RENTE (P4). Retention times of individual peaks in chromatograms of individual samples
with several standards, thus obtaining the types of hydrocarbons present at each point, with points P2 and P3 being the ones with the highest pollutant and the highest concentration by peak height. Fuel oil turned out to be the most polluting agent present in the bay.
Cephalopoda (Mollusca) of the Colombian Caribbean Sea
Authors: Guerrero Juergen
Published: August 2021

The cephalopod fauna in Colombian Caribbean waters is poorly known. This work gives an overview of the species found in the area. For elaborating this list, the most relevant natural history collections where the material of the area’s is material is deposited were
consulted, identifications were verified compared with type material and original descriptions and redescriptions. In the Colombian Caribbean Sea 48 cephalopod species are present in different environments, represented in 17 families and 33 genera. There is one Spirula, seven sepiolids, 21 squids, and 19 octopod species. Most animals are from shallow coastal waters.
Auxetic structures from 3D printed hybrid textiles
Authors: Shajoo Subin , Schmelzeisen David , Pastore Christopher
Published: August 2021

Auxetic structures have been produced using 3D printing and knitted textile materials. A review of other auxetic textiles is presented along with the new materials. A range of configurations were developed, prototyped, and tested to demonstrate significant auxetic response, including Poisson’s ratio up to negative one. The concept of 4D textiles was employed to create environmentally responsive hinges in some structures, allowing the material to change shape in response to thermal stimulus.
The Kissing Sign of Liver and Spleen
Authors:   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco, O Behyamet , K Soufiane ,   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco, YT Romeo ,   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco, L Rachida ,   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco, O Youssef ,   Department of Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco
Published: August 2021

The kissing sign between the liver and the rate is a purely radiological sign. It reflects severe hepatomegaly or splenomegaly or a combination of the two resulting in intimate contact between the two organs. It has been described in ultrasound, CT and magnetic resonance imaging. This sign is not specific for liver disease. It can be associated with various hepatic pathologies (cirrhosis, portal hypertension, neoplastic, toxic, infectious, metabolic), extra hepatic (cardiovascular, haematological, lymphoma) or splenic (tumoral) [1]. We present the image of a 34-year-old female patient with a history of breast cancer with hepatic and bone metastasis. Abdominal computed tomography shows multi-nodular hepatomegaly coming into contact with the spleen showing the kiss sign (Figure 1 and 2).
Follow-up Care of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: A Guide for Primary Care Physicians
Authors:   Humanities, Health and Society, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, USA, Z Hammad , E Hernandez ,   Humanities, Health and Society, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, USA, S Tate ,   Humanities, Health and Society, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, USA
Published: August 2021

Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) is a condition in which M protein, an abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulin, is present in the blood at a nonmalignant level. Specifically, it is defined by: blood serum M protein concentration <3 g/dL (<30 g/L), <10% plasma cells in the bone marrow, and no evidence of end organ damage [1,2]. Evidence of end organ damage includes hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, and bone lesions. These are indicative of MGUS progression and which can be attributed to the monoclonal plasma cell proliferative process [3]. MGUS occurs in 3% of the general population older than 50 years. Incidence increases with age and varies with sex with higher rates observered in males than females [1,4]. MGUS is the most common plasma cell disorder, with 60% of patients that present to the Mayo Clinic with a monoclonal gammopathy being diagnosed with MGUS [3]. While it is typically an asymptomatic condition, it is premalignant disorder to other monoclonal gammopathies. Multiple Myeloma (MM) is almost always preceded by MGUS and the majority of patients will have detectable levels of M protein for at least 5 years prior to MM diagnosis [5,6]. MGUS also precedes immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) and tends to progress to disorders at a fixed but unrelenting rate of 1% per year [4].