bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ÂŞIK AYDIN YEŞİL’İN HAYATI, SANATI VE ŞİİRLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: DOYKUN Samet
Published: May 2021

Genelde Türk edebiyatının, özelde ise Türk halk şiirinin önemli aktörleri olarak edebiyat tarihimizin hemen her döneminde farklı isimlerle de olsa edebî yaratımlarına devam eden âşıklar, bireysel veya toplumsal hemen tüm konularda şiirler söyleyerek toplum hafızasında yer etmişlerdir. Savaş, barış, doğal afetler, göçler, salgın hastalıklar gibi sosyal konuların yanında bireysel deneyim ve duygular âşıkların şiirlerinde yer verdikleri konulardır. 21. yüzyıl şartlarında teknolojik gelişmelerin etkisiyle sosyal ve kültürel alanda meydana gelen değişim ve gelişimler, yaşamın her anında olduğu gibi âşık edebiyatında da birtakım dönüşümlere neden olmuş, âşıklar geleneksel icra bağlamlarından nispeten uzaklaşarak, yeni iletişim ortamlarında görünür hale gelmişlerdir.

Erzurumlu Âşık Aydın Yeşil de âşıklık geleneğinin sosyal yapısı içerisinde kısmen yetişmiş olmasının yanında, günümüz iletişim mecralarının da farkında olarak eserlerinin daha görünür hale gelmesi bağlamında sözü edilen yeni icra ortamlarında varlık gösteren âşıklardan biridir. Bu bağlamda sosyal medyayı etkinlikle kullanan âşık, aynı zamanda çeşitli konser, televizyon yayını ve diğer organizasyonlarda bulunmaktadır. Eserlerinde özellikle bireysel deneyim ve duygularını işleyen âşık yaklaşık dört yüz şiirle gelenek içerisinde kendisini yetiştirmeye devam etmektedir.

2020 yılı içerisinde kendisiyle yapılan mülakatlardan hareketle hazırlanan bu çalışmada, üzerinde daha önce herhangi bir akademik inceleme yapılmayan Âşık Aydın Yeşil tanıtılmış, kendisinin hayatı ve sanat anlayışı, şiirlerinden verilen örneklerle değerlendirilmiştir. Makalenin sonunda ayrıca âşığın yayınlanmasına izin verdiği şiirleri de sunulmuştur.
ROMANI EDEBİYAT DIŞI YARGILAMAK: ÜÇ BEŞ KİŞİ’NİN FERİT SAKARYA’SI ÜZERİNE POLEMİKLER
Authors: UĞURLU Seyit Battal
Published: May 2021

Adalet Ağaoğlu’nun beşinci romanı Üç Beş Kişi (1984) taşra temasını sanayici bir iş adamı olan Ferit Sakarya’nın Eskişehir, Ankara ve İstanbul üçgenine yerleştirilen öyküsü üzerinden ele alır. Her biri sembolik anlamla yüklü bu üç kent arasındaki gerilim, kişiler arası örülen sosyo-politik ve sosyo-kültürel öyküler üzerinden bağlanır. Yazarın arayış serüveninden önemli bir dönüm noktası olan bu eserin farklı okumalara olanak sağlayan zengin anlam tabakaları ile örülü dünyası, bu makalenin ilgisinin dışında yer alır. Basımından hemen sonra, eserdeki alışıldık iş adamı profilinin çok üstünde zihinsel yetilerle donatılmış Ferit Sakarya karakteri üzerinden edebiyat dışı polemikler yapıldı. Ferit Sakarya, Türk romanındaki alışıldık iş adamı ya da paraya hükmeden gaddar, çıkarcı, kültürsüz ve cahil adam şablonlarının dışında, kamu yararını kişisel çıkarlarının önüne koyma mücadelesi veren, bohem, şair ruhlu, çevreye duyarlı ve üst düzey bir okur olarak, romandaki hemen hemen tüm kişilerin bakışından çizilmiştir. Ağaoğlu’na ve kurgu karakterine karşı ‘gerçeklik ihlali’ gerekçesiyle ses yükseltenlerin itirazları, böyle bir iş adamının olamayacağı tezi üzerine kuruluydu. Ağaoğlu’nun gazete köşelerinde gördüğü, yeni ekonomi terimleriyle konuşan yurtdışı eğitimli iş adamını yerinde ve zamanında ‘keşfet’miş olma düşüncesi, romanı toplumsal ve politik kodlara ayarlı okumayı ‘gerçeklik’ olarak gören eleştirmen bakışıyla karşı karşıya gelir. Tanzimat’tan beri şekillenmiş ve tarihsel olarak teoriye gecikmiş eleştiri anlayışının edebi esere edebiyat dışından bakışında, öğretiler dünyasının değerler ölçeği öne çıkar. 1980’lerin ortasında yaşanan bu tartışma, okurun tarihsel olarak belirlenmiş zihin dünyası ile bir ‘yenilik’ peşindeki yazar zihninin çatışmasını örneklendirir. Bu makale, yazarın anılan romanını bu karaktere odaklı olarak çözümlemeyi ve bu konuda çıkan tartışmaları değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
OSMANLI KADIN DERGİLERİNDEN SEYYALE ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: SERRİCAN KABALCI Ece
Published: May 2021

“Kadın” ve “kadınlık” konusunun tartışılmaya başlandığı Tanzimat döneminden itibaren, Türk kadınının eşitlik ve özgürlük mücadelesi içine girdiğini söylemek mümkündür. Kimliklerini yeniden tanımlama ihtiyacı duyan kadınlar, geleneksel kalıplardan sıyrılarak seslerini duyurmaya başlamış ve kadın hareketini başlatmıştır. Bu hareketin öncelikli hedefi, kadınların toplumsal hayatta yer alması, kadın ve erkeğin eşit olması, çok eşliliğin kaldırılması ve görücü usulü evliliğin engellenmesidir. Kadınlar bu taleplerini dile getirirken, erkek egemen basın dünyasına adım atarak kadın gazete veya dergilerinde yazılar kaleme almış, bu yayınları bizzat kendileri çıkararak daha geniş kitlelere seslenmiştir. II. Meşrutiyet döneminde yayımlanan, hem sahipleri hem de yazarları kadın olan Osmanlı kadın dergilerinden biri Seyyale’dir. 1914 tarihinde tek sayı çıkan dergide, eğitimli kadın ve kadın hakları konularına dair yazılara yer verilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, daha önce Latin harflerine aktarılmamış olan Seyyale dergisi hakkında bilgi verilmiş, dergide yer alan yazılar tanıtılmış ve derginin o dönem çıkan yayınlar içerisindeki önemi vurgulanmıştır.
HALAÇ TÜRKÇESİ AĞIZLARININ ALGORİTMİK UZAKLIĞI: LEVENSHTEIN UZAKLIK ALGORİTMASI TABANLI BİR ÇÖZÜMLEME
Authors: AKKUŞ Mehmet
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı İran’da konuşulan ve yok olma tehlikesi altında bulunan Halaç Türkçesi ağızlarını niceliksel ağız ölçüm tekniklerinden Levenshtein Uzaklık Algoritması (LUA) temelinde incelemektir. Bilgisayar programlamasında sıklıkla kullanılan bir algoritma olan LUA temel olarak ikili kodların (binary codes) silme, ekleme ve tersinim ile birbirlerine olan uzaklığının saptanabilmesi için geliştirilmiş bir algoritmadır (Levenshtein, 1966). Algoritmanın sonucu bir sayısal değerdir ve bu sayısal değer iki sözcükten birinin diğerine benzeşmesi için yapılması gereken işlem sayısını veya maliyetini vermektedir. Sayısal değerin düşük olması daha az değişiklikle benzeşmenin gerçekleşeceği anlamına gelmektedir. Değerin büyük olması ise sözcükler arasındaki benzeşimin işlem maliyetinin fazla olduğu ve söz konusu ikili kodun sayısal değer oranında birbirlerinden uzak olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Doerfer (1998), Halaç Türkçesinin ağızlarını yön temelli olarak yediye ayırmıştır: (i) batı, (ii) kuzey, (iii) kuzeydoğu, (iv) güney, (v) merkez, (vi) merkezi doğu ve (vii) temel ağız. Bu çalışma sonucunda ağız farklarının sözcüksel bağlamı algoritmik temelde incelenmiş ve ağız farklarını oluşturduğu belirlenen sözcüklerin sesbilgisel uzaklıklarının Halaç dil ekolojisi içerisindeki dağılımı saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak ise üç ağzın Doerfer’in sınıflandırma ölçeğiyle uyuşma oranı belirlenmiş ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olup olmadığı saptanmıştır.
SERVET-İ FÜNÛN’UN ŞİİR ANLAYIŞI BAĞLAMINDA CENAB ŞAHABEDDİN’İN ŞİİRLERİNDEKİ HASTA KADINLAR
Authors: TOPÇU Hayrunisa
Published: May 2021

Edebiyatın hastalık kavramı ile kurduğu yakın ilişki, 19. yüzyılın marazi ruh hâli tarafından desteklenir. Hastalık, Türk edebiyatının yenileşmesine dair radikal değişimlerin yaşandığı Servet-i Fünûn Dönemi’nin öne çıkan unsurlarından biri hâline gelir. Bu çalışmada Cenab Şahabeddin’in hastalığı kadınlar üzerinden işlediği Bir Verem Kızın Hasbıhâli yahud Yâd-ı Mâzî, Zavallı Hasta, Likā-yı Hazân, İnkisâr-ı Bâzîçe, Vâlidemin Sesi, Büyük Vâlidemin Sesi, Yakazât-ı Leyliyye ve Hasta isimli şiirleri tespit edilmiş, hastalık kavramı dönemin santimantal yapısı ve şairin şiir anlayışı doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Adı geçen şiirlerdeki hastalık fikri doğa, aşk ve anne eksenlerinde tartışılmıştır.
Understanding the Use of Polycaprolactone in East Asian Structural Rhinoplasty: Questions and Answers
Authors: Yap Eduardo
Published: May 2021

Surgery as an art in rhinoplasty involves grafting techniques wherein materials (usually autologous) are taken from the septum and supplemented by conchal cartilage. However, not all noses have adequate cartilage material. The quest for materials as possible replacement for human tissue have led to invention of synthetic (e.g. silicone, e-PTFE, porous polyethelene) and non-synthetic products (e.g. processed homograft and xenograft). In this era of advanced medical science, tissue engineering has started the use polycaprolactone (PCL) as a template and scaffold for tissue growth. Because of this characteristic feature, PCL as a mesh has a significant role in structural rhinoplasty.

 

What is structural rhinoplasty?

The surgical goal of rhinoplasty is to achieve functional improvement in breathing and aesthetic overall look, most notably the tip. The tip is determined by the final shape of the lower cartilage in its proper location - - but since the lower cartilage is a floating structure supported only by fibrous tissue and ligaments, there is a high incidence of tip drooping post op. So, the idea of structured rhinoplasty was conceptualized in 1997 by Dr. Byrd and popularized by Dr. Toriumi.1,2 A piece of central septum is harvested and fashioned as an extension of the caudal margin of the septum. This is called a septal extension graft (SEG) and the lower cartilage is sutured to the caudal margin of the SEG for better control of the tip. Since then, the technique has been the main workhorse support graft for the tip.3 (Figure 1)

 

Why is structural rhinoplasty needed in East Asian noses?

East Asian noses, particularly Southeast Asian noses are usually short and small, with low dorsum and upturned bulbous nose. Tremendous strength in the design of the structural support with its foundation base at the caudal septum should be achieved in order to elongate the nose, counter rotate and project the tip. (Figure 2) This is made possible by using the central harvested cartilage as a SEG attached to the residual strong dorsal and caudal strut.4 (Figure 3)
Аrtistic features of Zhanat Askerbekkyzy’s poetry
Authors:   Семей қаласының Шәкәрім атындағы университеті, Курмамбаева К.С.
Published: May 2021

Мақалада 1990 жылдары қазақ поэзиясына келген талантты топтың ішінде өз орны айқындалған, шығармашылығы қалыптасқан, жеке-дара қолтаңбасы бар Жанат Әскербекқызы поэзиясы ғылыми тұрғыда талданған. Автор ақынның сөз өнеріне қосқан үлесін, әкелген жаңалығын пайымдау үшін әдебиеттанушы ғалымдардың зерттеу еңбектеріне жүгіне отырып, оның идеялық және көркемдік дүниесіндегі ерекшеліктерді (тілі, стилі, т.б.) ашып көрсетеді. Ұлттық құндылықтарды биік тұтқан, әрі эстетикалық талғамға сай туындыларына объективті баға беруге ұмтылады. Мысалы, ақын поэзиясының Оралхан Бөкейдің романтикалық прозасымен үндестігі салыстырыла дәйектелген, өлеңдеріндегі символдық бейнелер байыпталған. Лирикалық иірімдерден бөлек, Ж. Әскербекқызы жырларында жиі ұшырасатын отансүйгіштік сарын нақты мысалдар негізінде зерделенген, сондай-ақ, өлеңдерінің өрнегіне өрілген мифологиялық және фольклорлық элементтердің поэтикалық сыр-сипаты тиісінше сараланған.
Hubungan Sikap Keselamatan dengan Implementasi Sasaran Keselamatan Pasien oleh Perawat di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Galleryzki Annisa Rahmi , Hariyati RR Tutik Sri , Afriani Tuti , Rahman La Ode
Published: May 2021

Keselamatan pasien menjadi tujuan sangat penting dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sikap keselamatan dengan implementasi keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit dengan menggunakan standar nasional akreditasi rumah sakit (SNARS). Penelitian merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metodean deskriptif dan cross-sectional. Metode sampling dengan purposive sampling, didapatkan sampel sebanyak 345 orang. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara sikap keselamatan dengan implementasi keselamatan perawat (r= 0,441, P<0,01). Faktor jenis kelamin, usia, pengalaman kerja, dan jenjang karier secara signifikan berpengaruh pada implementasi keselamatan (P<0,05). Rumah  sakit dan manajer perawat memiliki peranan penting dalam meningkatkan keselamatan pasien untuk menghindari terjadinya insiden keselamatan dengan melakukan pemanfaatan sumber daya secara optimal
Pengembangan Literasi Digital Keperawatan Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19: Case Study
Authors: Zaharany Tsania Ayu , Hariyati Rr Tutik Sri , Anisah Siti
Published: May 2021

Perkembangan teknologi dan informasi saat ini turut andil dalam mengubah pola pikir dan sikap seorang pegawai. Rumah sakit harus mengembangkan SDM dalam menggunakan teknologi digital untuk peningkatan pelayanan kepada masyarakat agar dapat menjadi organisasi yang responsif, inovatif, produktif, efektif, efisien dan berkualita. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan program literasi digital di Unit Rawat Jalan dan Unit Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Jakarta. Studi ini menggunakan studi kasus dengan analisa situasi SWOT. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan metode kuesioner, wawancara dan telaah dokumen. Jumlah partisipan terdiri dari 5 perawat manajer dan 15 perawat pelaksana.  Proses studi ini merupakan sebuah proyek inovasi yang sudah memiliki izin dari Rumah Sakit Jakarta. Belum optimalnya peran dan fungsi manajemen keperawatan dalam peningkatan literasi digital meliputi belum ada petunjuk penggunaan digital, SDM beresiko mengalami resistance to change,  inovasi dikembangakan dengan panduan dan SPO pelaksanaan literasi digital. Evaluasi didapatkan perubahan signifikan perilaku digital sebanyak 80 % memberikan feedback positif. Pengembangan peningkatan Literasi digital mencakup berbagai faktor diantaranya komponen management centered digital literacy and person centered digital literacy. Rekomendasi dari studi ini dengan penerapan inovasi panduan pengembangan literasi digital dan SOP pengembangan literasi digital terhadap pemberian informasi dan edukasi
Analisis Fishbone dalam Meningkatkan Efektifitas Pelaksanaan Handover Di Rumah Sakit Pemerintah
Authors: Bardah Dadan , Afriani Tuti , Yatnikasari Aat
Published: May 2021

Serah terima pasien merupakan bagian dari komunikasi efektif dimana metode SBAR menjadi salah satu metode yang tepat digunakan dan sudah diterapkan di RS Pemerintah.i masa pandemi Covid-19, pelaksanaan serah terima harus tetap berlangsung, oleh karena itu pelaksanaan handover perlu dianalisis kembali agar rumah sakit dapat mengetahui pelaksanaan yang sesuai dan dapat diterapkan di era pandemi Covid-19. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis situasi gambaran pelaksanaan handover perawat di RS Pemerintah, menganalisis faktor-faktor yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pelaksanaaan handover di era pandemi Covid-19, dan memberikan rekomendasi pelaksanaan serah terima pasien di era pandemi Covid-19. Data diperoleh dari hasil pengkajian melalui pembagian kuesioner kepada perawat dan wawancara kepada manajer keperawatan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis menggunakan tulang ikan (fishbone). Hasil analisis yang diperoleh adalah kurang opimalnya pelaksanaan handover di era adaptasi kebiasaan baru (AKB) pandemi Covid-19 di rumah sakit pemerintah. Dengan demikian, pelaksanaan serah terima di era Covid-19 dapat tetap optimal dengan terus menerapkan metode SBAR sebagai cara komunikasi efektif, pengisian formulir Covid-19 safety briefing dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu cara untuk memudahkan kegiatan perawat, dan memperhatikan faktor-faktor dalam pelaksanaan handover di era AKB. Rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan adalah menerapkan percobaan penggunaan formulir safety briefing dalam pelaksanaan handover di salah satu ruangan dengan memperhatikan protokol kesehatan dan mengevaluasi keefektifan pelaksanaan handover di masa pandemi Covid-19 secara rutin.
The Pembuatan Briket Sebagai Upaya Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Durian di Desa Sinduagung Kecamatan Selomerto Kabupaten Wonosobo
Authors: Mahmudati Rina
Published: May 2021

Desa Sinduagung sebagai sentra penghasil dan penjual durian di Kab. Wonosobo mampu menyediakan durian lokal dan jenis durian dari berbagai daerah di Jawa Tengah, Sumatera dan Jawa Barat. Banyaknya penjualan durian berakibat pada menumpuknya limbah kulit durian yang belum termanfaatkan. Limbah kulit durian yang menumpuk mengakibatkan lingkungan kotor dan bau yang tidak sedap,sehingga apabila diabaikan dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan, munculnya penyakit dan menurunkan nilai estetika/keindahan kota serta masalah-masalah lainnya. Tujuan dilaksanakannya kegiatan ini untuk membantu masyarakat menjadi kreatif dan mandiri dalam memanfaatkan limbah disekitar lingkungan menjadi sumber energi alternatif dalam bentuk briket. Selain itu, untuk menjaga lingkungan agar selalu bersih dan indah sehingga semakin menarik minat para konsumen, khususnya para pengguna jalan yang melewati daerah ini. Metode kegiatan yang akan dilakukan berupa penyuluhan dan pelatihan mengenai pembuatan briket dari limbah kulit durian. Keluaran dari program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkannya pengetahuan dari anggota masyarakat terhadap pemanfaatan limbah kulit durian sebagai sumber energi alternatif dalam bentuk briket. Selain itu, lingkungan Desa Sinduagung lebih bersih, bebas limbah kulit durian, dan meningkat pendapatan ekonomi keluarga dengan menciptakan wirausaha baru yaitu dengan pembuatan briket dari limbah kulit durian
Trabalho Análogo Ao Escravo Na Indústria Têxtil Brasileira
Authors: Neto Dalk Dias Salomão , Sousa Nicole Moreira Faria , Dendasck Carla Viana , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: May 2021

O instituto da escravidão está presente na humanidade desde os primórdios da existência do ser humano. A escravidão no Brasil sustentou a economia por séculos. Milhões de africanos foram retirados da sua terra natal e colocados em condições degradantes de vida e trabalho. O processo da abolição da escravidão foi moroso e paulatino. Foram séculos de muita luta e sofrimento para que o mundo começasse a perceber o mal que a escravidão representa. Mesmo após a abolição da escravidão era comum ver o trabalhador preso ao campo por dividas, ou por leis que davam poderes aos empregadores em relação ao empregado. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as condições de trabalho análogo ao escravo na indústria têxtil brasileira. Ela foi realizada com revisão bibliográfica e análise qualitativa. Devido a sua nova roupagem o trabalho escravo contemporâneo tornou-se invisível por algum tempo. Os fatores que tornam possível a prática desse crime, mesmo que em dias atuais, ele é basicamente relacionado a um tripé: impunidade, pobreza e lucro. A situação de miséria da população mais carente os força a se submeter a tipos de trabalhos em condições sub-humanas. Estes trabalhadores da indústria têxtil são principalmente imigrantes de países vizinhos, subdesenvolvidos, da América Latina. O Brasil foi um dos primeiros países no mundo a reconhecer este tipo de trabalho, e que de forma conjunta com a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) e ostras entidades não governamentais procuram combater tal pratica criminosa em seu território.
THEORATICAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS PLANNING
Authors: Gutkevych Svitlana , Zanozovska Oksana
Published: May 2021

The article gives the theoretical base of business plan development and defines its structure, which includes: mission, purpose, marketing and financial plans, project implementation dates, etc. The development of a business plan depends on the following factors that influence its structure: the specialization of the object, types and volumes of products / services, market conditions, material and technical base, resource potential. The financial plan determines the sources of funding, the level of risk and the expected rate of return. Based on the analysis, the scheme of investment project development, its feasibility study and funding sources are proposed. The formation of sources of financing takes into account the amount of equity and the definition of the required attracted and borrowed capital. The business plan provides an assessment of risks and methods for reducing them.
ADAPTATION DOMINANTS OF NATIONAL SMALL ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Lukashova Liudmyla
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this article is the further development of the theory of adaptation, determining the types of adaptation of business entities and substantiation of the adaptation dominants of the development of national small business within the situational and standard adaptation. The article considers the concept of adaptation, gives the author's definition of adaptation in relation to small businesses, highlights the situational and standard adaptation. Situational adaptation should be understood as the process of gaining change by small businesses that allow them to function better in the current environment, achieve economic security and prevent bankruptcy. Standard adaptation (desired state of the system) to the conditions of the external environment, in which the small business entity operates, is to strive to achieve ideal parameters of the state of the system. The adaptation dominants of the development of national small business in terms of situational adaptation include: adaptation of economic activity of small businesses to the conditions of unstable economic environment; The adaptive dominants of the development of national small business within the framework of standard adaptation are substantiated, namely: adaptation of normative-legal provision of small business development to norms, standards and requirements of the European Union; adaptation of international experience in small business lending to the peculiarities of the national economy; adaptation of the international experience of "economic breakthrough" at the expense of small businesses of the world's leading countries; adaptation of the international experience of facilitation of small business development to the Ukrainian realities. The process of adaptation of the facilitation experience should be preceded by a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the implemented facilitation measures, which will allow determine their priority and feasibility of implementation in relation to national small businesses. The article examines the adaptive dominants of small business development both from the point of view of a small business entity and from the point of view of state regulatory policy.
Screening and Ranking Methodology Applied to Biochars Aimed at Acidic and Calcareous Sandy Soil Improvement
Authors: Farkas Éva , Feigl Viktória , Vaszita Emese , Uzinger Nikolett , Rékási Márk , Gruiz Katalin , Molnár Mónika
Published: May 2021

The application of biochar (the by-product of biomass pyrolysis), as a soil amendment has been accepted as a sustainable solution to improve soil quality. The current study aims to establish a decision support tool for characterizing, ranking, and selecting biochars of different origins for soil improvement, thereby contributing to the development of a systematic approach, which lacks in the existing literature.The development of a Multi-Criteria Decision Support Approach applying a banded and weighted rating and scoring system allowed the selection and ranking of various biochars suitable for improving sandy soils before application. First, 14 selected, different biochar products (produced from industrial by-products, herbaceous, wood-based and manure-based feedstocks) were characterized with several physicochemical, biological and ecotoxicological methods taking into account both the technological and the environmental efficiency aspects of biochar utilization. Then, a system for the assessment and ranking of biochars for acidic, and calcareous neutral sandy soil improvement was developed, which could be flexibly adapted to different soil problems as well. Based on their performance in the tests, scores from (−5) to (+5) were assigned to each biochar. As a result, the grain husks and paper fiber sludge biochar was ranked as the most suitable for both acidic and neutral calcareous sandy soil improvement, with 55 and 43 scores, respectively (from the maximum 100). The applicability of this innovative multicriteria scoring-ranking system, as a tool for potential biochar users, was verified in microcosms and field-scale experiments, demonstrating the positive influence of this biochar on the acidic sandy soil.
Lyapunov Function Based Flux and Speed Observer Using Advanced Non-linear Backstepping DVC for PWM-Rectifier Connected Wind-turbine-driven PM Generator
Authors: Saidi Youcef , Mezouar Abdelkader , Miloud Yahia , Benmahdjoub Mohammed Amine , Brahmi Brahim , Kerrouche Kamel Djamel Eddine
Published: May 2021

In this paper, modeling, and speed/position sensor-less designed Direct Voltage Control (DVC) approach based on the Lyapunov function are studied for three-phase voltage source Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) Rectifier Connected to a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) Variable Speed Wind Power Generation System (VS-WPGS). This control strategy is based on voltage orientation technique without mechanical speed sensor. Advanced Non-linear Integral Backstepping Control (IBSC) of the Generator Side Converter (GSC) has the ability to have a good regulation of the DC link voltage to meet the requirements necessary to achieve optimal system operation, regardless of the disturbances caused by the characteristics of the drive train or some changes into the DC load. The estimation of the speed is based on Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) method. This method consists in developing two models one of reference and the other adjustable for the estimation of the two d-q axis components of the stator flux from the measurement of currents, the speed estimated is obtained by canceling the difference between the reference stator flux and the adjustable one using Lyapunov criterion of hyper-stability. Some results of simulation using Matlab/Simulink® are presented, discussed to prove the efficiency and robustness of the system control policy for WPGS against external and internal perturbations.
Eponymy and discursive-functional context
Authors:   O.O.Potebnia Institute of linguistics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yermolenko S. S.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, which continues the series of his previous publications on theoretical and methodological issues in eponymy research, the author argues for the feasibility of the expansion of his three-component parametric model for description and analysis of this class of linguistic entities by adding to its three principal components, relating to the three parts of eponymic derivational relationship, a fourth part dealing with eponymy’s discursive- functional context. It is the author’s contention that the relationship between an eponym and the linguistic and extralinguistic cognitive-communicative environment in which it comes to being and/or occurs is the essential, intrinsic and crucial, rather than fortuitous and inconsequential, feature of the former, which therefore should be taken into account in in-depth research. Accordingly, an initial discursive parameter in this research should be tracing down the occurrence of eponyms in various types of discourse distinguished by their cognitive and communicative-functional characteristics, and so identifying items bound to such varieties as different from general-purpose ones. Next comes finding out the nature of relationship between a discourse variety and an eponym co-occurring in it, in particular, the influence of the former on the semantic and functional, and also, possibly, formal characteristics of the latter. An important eventuality that a comprehensive and inclusive eponymy description model should consider is the hierarchy of an eponym’s possible discursive contexts, i.e. the possibility of its use in a discourse type other than its original one. Regarding this, the author introduces the concept of inter- and intralinguistic contacts of discourses as linguistic-cultural modes as a framework in which discursive transpositions of eponyms should be elucidated, as well as such instances, in which an underlying proper noun is employed to coin an eponymic entity designed for the use in the discursive-functional environment other than its own. The author illustrated his theses with instances drawn from Ukrainian as well as some other languages, and in these, from the scientific, ideological, folklore, religious, mythological, folk, and everyday discursive varieties.
Communicative-pragmatic foundations of modern journalistic discourse: axiological approach
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kots T. A.
Published: May 2021

The article clarifies the constant and variable communicative-pragmatic features of modern journalistic discourse, which is formed by texts created taking into account the relevant areas of communicative activity of society, communicative situations and the dynamics of extralingual factors. It is shown that the content of the text is encoded by means of the national language, a common fund of knowledge of the author and the recipient, which is constantly expanding and changing. The function of influencing the mass consciousness of the society of modern WMCs is made possible by evaluative linguistic means, in the very nature of which the possibility of modeling not only reality but also the ideological principles necessary for the establishment of social thinking in society is inherent. Journalistic texts testify to the functioning of logical (rational) and emotional (irrational) evaluation. Logical objective thoughts, and emotional — the feelings of the subject to the object (person, object, phenomenon, event, etc.). Positive or negative semantic scale of evaluation of journalistic discourse is formed in accordance with certain social, national-cultural, moral values in society. The defining feature of the language of mass media is the functioning of evaluative transformed precedent expressions, which, ensuring the longevity of cultural and intellectual experience of the people, reflect trends in the semantic system of language and are synchronous time markers of social trends of the day. Negative evaluation in journalistic texts can acquire signs of language aggression — destructive use of expressive language means to express contempt, hostility, hostility, threats to the addressee. Its units are stylistically marked language means (invectives, crude expressions). Changing the value paradigm at the turn of the XX – XXI centuries affects the language consciousness of Ukrainians, causes the activation of clearly nationally marked units, intralinguistic search for techniques and means of creating journalistic flavor, the realization of the potential of the language.
Eastern Polissian dialectal speakers’ metatextual utterances: dialectal speech
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kholodon O. M.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the problem of the study of the dialectal personality phenomenon and analyzes Eastern Polissian dialectal material, which testifies about actualization of the dialectal speakers’ metalinguistic consciousness. It is noted that the territory of Eastern Polissia borders on Belarusian and Russian languages, on the border of which scholars notice a special “surge” of metalinguistic activity, although they indicate that dialectal speakers’ metatextual utterances are not frequent in everyday communication. The purpose of the study is to identify the metatextual utterances of the Eastern Polissian dialect that reflect their knowledge and evaluation of the dialectal speech. The source of the study is the dialectal material recorded by the author in Chernihiv and Sumy oblasts during 2009–2019 and recorded dialectal texts; metatextual utterances are fixed occasionally. It is established that metatextual utterances in the dialectal communication arise spontaneously in the condition of communicators’ / speakers’ language norm contravention, understanding the opposition “his own” — “foreign”, relocation of dialectal speakers to another language environment and explorer’s provocation with direct questions. Revealed manifestations of oppositions “the Ukrainian literary language (or dialectal speech, which, according to dialectal speakers’ opinion, is close to literary)” — “the dialectal speech”, “the town speech” — “the village speech”, “the speech of educated people” — “the speech of village people” reflect the folk classification of idioms. It is determined that Eastern Polissian dialectal speakers, comprehending the dialectal speech, define in general its locality, peculiarity (e.g. га|монитʼ па-с|войему, па-с|войему разга|варʼуйем, тара|торим па-с|войему), mixed character (e.g. |мʼешана |мова, |мова |путана, пе|ремис’) and the language belonging of dialectal words in particular (e.g. гово|ритʼ, кур|сʼіроватʼ, наж|раўсʼа). The negative and positive axiology of dialectal speech is determined, in particular negative estimation is prevalent. Pointing to a mixed type of the dialectal speech — a combination of the Ukrainian, Russian or Belarusian language elements, dialectal speakers identify themselves with the khokhols; also they identify themselves with Ukrainians. Neutral or negative dialectal speakers’ estimations of the name of khokhol are fixed partially. The study outlines vistas of further research into dialectal metatextual utterances.
Architectural Rehabilitation of Traditional Houses in the District of: Bab Al-Seef
Authors: Abdel Jabbar Marwa Abdel Sattar , Dhumad Kadhim Faris
Published: May 2021

The urban heritage fabric of Baghdad, especially its historical center, has great cultural andmaterial importance. However, there is no serious approach to regenerative policies or developmentstrategies for these areas, especially the residential urban fabric and traditional houses, which represent thegreater part of the urban heritage. In addition, the owners and users of these houses have not developed amature vision about the rationale and possibility of rehabilitating their homes, especially in light of theeconomic and social determinants, and the weak financing and technical capabilities. From here emergedthe research problem, which states: The lack of knowledge of the mechanisms and methods of architecturalrehabilitation of traditional houses, to preserve and ensure its functional and urban durability, especially byits owners or users. The main objective of the research was determined: to develop a theoretical frameworkfor a better understanding by the owners and residents of traditional housing, for the purpose of rehabilitatingtheir houses by efforts and self-capabilities, with support and technical advice from the relevant planningauthorities and local governments. In order to solve the research problem and achieve its goal, the hypothesiswas put forward which states: Architectural rehabilitation of traditional houses is achieved, in light of acomprehensive treatment of the defects and deficiencies in the three architectural characteristics of thehouses, functional, environmental and urban. By following the analytical descriptive approach, a theoreticalframework was constructed in light of the analysis of the components and elements of the traditionalBaghdadi houses, and its characteristics that form its integrated architectural personality, down to a standardset of vocabulary for rehabilitation that represent the theoretical indicators of the research. These indicatorswere applied to rehabilitate a group of traditional houses (five houses were selected for analysis and one ofthem was selected to apply the rehabilitation) in the Bab Al-Seef heritage district in the Baghdad-Al-Karkhhistorical center, after studying the reality of the district and its houses and diagnosing its deficiencies. Itemerged from the application of rehabilitation indicators that most of the deficiencies in the physical sidecan be remedied. As for the functional side, it is difficult to adjust the functional spaces due to the limitedspace and the mainly high usage density. As for the environmental aspect, it appeared that it is difficult tolimit itself to natural (passive) treatments and there is a need to employ mechanical and arteficial treatmentsin an integrated manner with natural treatments.
Макар Константинович Добров (1903-1969)
Authors: Чистобаева Надежда
Published: May 2021

Устное народное поэтическое творчество хакасского народа сохранилось благодаря мастерам и хранителям словесного творчества, которые бережно хранили в памяти и искусно передавали произведения из поколения в поколение. В народной среде мастера эпоса всегда были окружены почетом и уважением. Одним из крупных мастеров сказительских импровизаций является выдающийся хайджи-нымахчи Макар Константинович Добров (1903-1969). Основное внимание автор акцентирует на углублённом изучении творчества сказителя, особенностей сказительского мастерства.
Specifics of COVID-19 in Siberia
Authors: Tikhonov Dmitrii
Published: May 2021

The geographical area of Siberia is about 13,100,000 sq. km, which is more than the territories of the United States, China, Canada, Brazil, Australia, and India, but its total population as of January 1, 2021 is only 31,140,697 people [1]. Due to its harsh climate, many diseases, including infectious ones, have their own specific development patterns in this territory.
Invasive grass negatively affects growth and survival of an imperiled butterfly
Authors: Nordmeyer CS , Runquist E , Stapleton S
Published: May 2021

With only ~1% of native prairie remaining in North America, populations of many prairie-obligate species, including the imperiled Dakota skipper butterfly, have drastically declined in recent decades. Unfortunately, population recovery is impeded by an insufficient understanding of Dakota skipper biology. Because larvae have never been naturally observed in the wild, even basic life history elements including preferred host plant(s) are not well understood, and potential hosts have been inferred from grasses inhabiting remnant sites rather than direct observations. To improve our understanding of Dakota skipper biology and habitat needs and inform recovery efforts, we conducted a no-choice performance experiment offering larvae 1 of 5 commonly occurring native grasses and 2 pervasive invasive grass species found across their historic range. We monitored larvae during key life history intervals and evaluated host plant quality by measuring larval and pupal mass, time to pupation, and survivorship. Larvae fed on all offered host grasses, but mass, phenology, and survivorship varied among treatments. Larvae reared on prairie dropseed and porcupine grass had the highest survival, the shortest time to adulthood, and the greatest mass, whereas larvae provided smooth brome and Kentucky bluegrass fared poorly for all observed metrics. All other grasses offered during the study were deemed ‘medium’ quality. Our results suggest that although larvae can feed on a variety of potential host plants, these hosts vary in quality. Invasive grasses across prairies in North America may pose an ecological trap to the conservation of Dakota skipper and other prairie-obligate Lepidoptera.
XX. Yüzyıla Kadar Hicaz'da Hindistanlı Müslümanlar
Authors: KORUCU ÜÇÜNCÜ Berna
Published: May 2021

Mekke ve Medine her yıl dünyanın dört bir yanından gelen Müslümanların ziyaret ettikleri kutsal şehirlerdir. Osmanlı Devleti, XVI. yüzyılda bu kutsal şehirlere hakim olduktan sonra hac organizasyonunun da sorumluluğunu üstlenmiş oldu. Hacıların Hicaz’a güvenli bir şekilde ulaşmalarını sağlamak, rahat bir şekilde ibadetlerini gerçekleştirmek için her türlü olanağı sunmak zorundaydı. Hicaz’a her yıl gelen hacılar içinde sayıca kalabalık Hindistanlı Müslümanların ayrı bir yeri vardır. Hindistan’dan üst düzey devlet yöneticileri fariza-i hac için Mekke ve Medine’ye geldiği gibi hacı olmak için fakir pek çok Hindistanlı Müslüman da bu kutsal görevi yerine getirmek için kutsal topraklara akın etmekteydi. Ancak çoğunlukla geriye dönecek paraları olmayan fakir Hintli hacılar Hicaz’da büyük sorunlara sebep oluyorlardı. Yine Cidde’de ticaretle uğraşan zengin pek çok Hindistanlı yaşamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Hicaz’a hacı olmak için gelen yönetici ve fakir hacılarla birlikte ticaretle uğraşan zengin Hindistanlılarla ilgili meseleler izah edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
A physics-informed machine learning framework for predictive maintenance applied to turbomachinery assets
Authors: Sepe Marzia , Graziano Antonino , Badora Maciej , Di Stazio Alessandro , Bellani Luca , Compare Michele , Zio Enrico
Published: May 2021

The paper presents an overview of Baker Hughes digital framework for a predictive maintenance service boosted by Machine Learning and asset knowledge, applied to turbomachinery assets. Optimization of the maintenance scenario is performed through a risk model that assesses online health status and probability of failure, by detecting functional anomalies and aging phenomena and evaluating their impact on asset serviceability. Turbomachinery domain knowledge is used to create physics-based models, to configure a severity assessment layer and to properly map maintenance actions to anomaly types. The implemented analytics framework is able also to forecast engine behaviour over the future in order to optimize asset operation and maintenance, minimizing downtime and residual risk. Predictive capabilities are optimized thanks to the hybrid approach, where physics-based knowledge empowers long term prediction accuracy while data-driven analytics ensure fast-events prognostics. Accuracy of the hybrid approach is a differentiator for maintenance optimization, allowing activities to be planned properly and in early advance with respect to outage execution.
Challenges and opportunities for artificial intelligence and high-fidelity simulations in turbomachinery applications: A perspective
Authors: Michelassi Vittorio , Ling Julia
Published: May 2021

Turbomachines are still required for the efficient conversion of renewable, chemical or potential energy into propulsion, mechanical power, or electricity. The increasing demand for efficiency, availability, reduced footprint and cost of ownership poses fundamental challenges to design methods the accuracy of which needs to be constantly upgraded to keep the pace with the availability of new materials, type of fluids and fuels, manufacturing methods and technologies. This paper discusses recent trends in design methods that take advantage of both artificial intelligence and high-fidelity simulations techniques that guide the design process by harvesting design data from multiple sources and improve the accuracy of design verification respectively. Such approach has been successfully used in aero and thermal design as well as in the critical area of materials and fluids engineering. In the future the concerted use of machine learning and high-fidelity methods may allow researchers to conduct reliable virtual tests in the framework of design loops to cut down design time and risk.
Biotransformation of Lignin by an Artificial Heme Enzyme Designed in Myoglobin With a Covalently Linked Heme Group
Authors: Guo Wen-Jie , Xu Jia-Kun , Liu Jing-Jing , Lang Jia-Jia , Gao Shu-Qin , Wen Ge-Bo , Lin Ying-Wu
Published: May 2021

The conversion of Kraft lignin in plant biomass into renewable chemicals, aiming at harvesting aromatic compounds, is a challenge process in biorefinery. Comparing to the traditional chemical methods, enzymatic catalysis provides a gentle way for the degradation of lignin. Alternative to natural enzymes, artificial enzymes have been received much attention for potential applications. We herein achieved the biodegradation of Kraft lignin using an artificial peroxidase rationally designed in myoglobin (Mb), F43Y/T67R Mb, with a covalently linked heme cofactor. The artificial enzyme of F43Y/T67R Mb has improved catalytic efficiencies at mild acidic pH for phenolic and aromatic amine substrates, including Kraft lignin and the model lignin dimer guaiacylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether (GGE). We proposed a possible catalytic mechanism for the biotransformation of lignin catalyzed by the enzyme, based on the results of kinetic UV-Vis studies and UPLC-ESI-MS analysis, as well as molecular modeling studies. With the advantages of F43Y/T67R Mb, such as the high-yield by overexpression in E. coli cells and the enhanced protein stability, this study suggests that the artificial enzyme has potential applications in the biodegradation of lignin to provide sustainable bioresource.
3D Bioprinting-Based Vascularized Tissue Models Mimicking Tissue-Specific Architecture and Pathophysiology for in vitro Studies
Authors: Hwang Dong Gyu , Choi Yoo-mi , Jang Jinah
Published: May 2021

A wide variety of experimental models including 2D cell cultures, model organisms, and 3D in vitro models have been developed to understand pathophysiological phenomena and assess the safety and efficacy of potential therapeutics. In this sense, 3D in vitro models are an intermediate between 2D cell cultures and animal models, as they adequately reproduce 3D microenvironments and human physiology while also being controllable and reproducible. Particularly, recent advances in 3D in vitro biomimicry models, which can produce complex cell structures, shapes, and arrangements, can more similarly reflect in vivo conditions than 2D cell culture. Based on this, 3D bioprinting technology, which enables to place the desired materials in the desired locations, has been introduced to fabricate tissue models with high structural similarity to the native tissues. Therefore, this review discusses the recent developments in this field and the key features of various types of 3D-bioprinted tissues, particularly those associated with blood vessels or highly vascularized organs, such as the heart, liver, and kidney. Moreover, this review also summarizes the current state of the three categories: (1) chemical substance treatment, (2) 3D bioprinting of lesions, and (3) recapitulation of tumor microenvironments (TME) of 3D bioprinting-based disease models according to their disease modeling approach. Finally, we propose the future directions of 3D bioprinting approaches for the creation of more advanced in vitro biomimetic 3D tissues, as well as the translation of 3D bioprinted tissue models to clinical applications.