bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Controlling turning contouring of shaped parts
Authors: Petrakov Yurii , Ezenduka John Maru
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The machining of contoured shaped surfaces of parts with a circular cross-section is executed on CNC lathes using control programs. All known CAM systems offer canned cycles for such surfaces. In most cases, it is recommended to use G71, G72 and G73 canned cycles for roughing contouring. The aim of the study is to analyze the cutting processes in roughing and finishing and to assess their influence on the surface quality of the part. A modeling technique is proposed, which is based on the use of an original application soft that allows simulating all machining cycles with fixing the results in the form of oscillograms of changes in the depth of cut. Comparative analysis of the results allows you to choose the most acceptable machining cycle for a specific profile of the contour of the part. The developed program also makes it possible to obtain the predicted accuracy of machining along the entire contour, which may arise as a result of technological heredity. In addition, the array of data on cutting depth obtained during the simulation, which is the main disturbance of the process, allows one to design the law of control of the cutting mode, for example, on the feed, which will lead to the stabilization of the cutting process.

Анотація. Обробка контурних фасонних поверхонь деталей, що мають круглий поперечний переріз, виконується на токарних верстатах з ЧПУ по керуючим програмами. Всі відомі САМ-системи пропонують стандартні цикли для обробки таких поверхонь. У більшості випадків рекомендується застосовувати стандартні цикли чорнової контурної обробки G71, G72 і G73. Метою дослідження є аналіз процесів різання в чорновий і фінішної обробки і оцінка їх впливу на якість поверхні деталі. Порівняльний аналіз результатів дозволяє вибрати найбільш прийнятний цикл обробки для конкретного профілю контуру деталі. Розроблена програма також дозволяє отримати прогнозовану точність обробки по всьому контуру, яка може виникнути в результаті технологічної спадковості. Крім того, отриманий під час моделювання масив даних по глибині різання, який є головним обуренням процесу, дозволяє спроектувати закон управління режимом, наприклад, з подачі, які призведе до стабілізації процесу різання.
Research of operational features of heat accumulators using on motor transport
Authors: Kliuieva Oleksandra , Rusanov Serhii
Published: December 2021

Preheating of the engine is often used to facilitate the start of the internal combustion engine in winter, which provides an opportunity not only to increase the comfort of starting, but also to reduce exhaust emissions, increase engine life. That is why the choice of optimal heat storage materials, which on the one hand would have sufficient heat efficiency and on the other hand would satisfy the operational requirements regarding corrosion activity, etc., is an urgent problem. In particular, the barium octohydrate used in our studies is corrosive, although it has a high heat of phase transition heat. The media investigated the media that are ordinary working fluids for heat transfer during heat accumulation: antifreeze, antifreeze, water; heat-accumulating materials – paraffins and octohydrates, and as investigated in relation to corrosion of material steel St3 was considered. The working temperature range was used in the work. It was found that the corrosion rate of 3 mm per year in antifreeze and antifreeze environments requires the choice of anti-corrosion coating or the search for new material that will react.
Axial tension of nonlinear elastic composite shells of zero Gaussian curvature with a rectangular hole
Authors: Storozhuk Eugene , Maksimyuk Volodymyr , Chernyshenko Ivan , Kornienko Viktoria
Published: December 2021

The formulation of physically nonlinear problems for composite shells of zero Gaussian curvature weakened by a rectangular hole under the action of axial loading is given. The initial equations are the equations of the theory of non-sloping shells, in which the Kirchhoff–Love hypotheses take place. Geometric relationships are written in vector form, and physical relationships are based on the deformation theory of plasticity for anisotropic materials. The system of resolving equations is obtained from the Lagrange variational principle. A technique has been developed for the numerical solution of two-dimensional physically nonlinear problems for orthotropic composite shells of this type, based on the use of the method of additional stresses and the method of finite elements. A variant of the finite element method is proposed, the peculiarity of which lies in the vector approximation of the sought values and the discrete execution of the geometric part of the Kirchhoff–Love hypotheses (at the nodes of finite elements). Using the developed technique, the nonlinear elastic state of an organoplastic conical shell with a rectangular hole, which at the ends is reinforced with frames and loaded with uniformly distributed tensile forces, has been investigated.
FEATURES OF MECHANICAL TESTS OF OSTEOSYNTHESIS SYSTEMS
Authors: Shidlovskiy Mykola , Zakhovaiko Oleksandr , Dyman Marianna , Musiienko Olga
Published: December 2021

Various methods of measuring the characteristics of stiffness and strength of systems "bone with a fracture - a means of fixation" are considered. Methods for measuring deformations of osteosynthesis systems are systematized, which take into account the nature of the action of external loads and allow to compare different systems of osteosynthesis. The rational arrangement of drugs at tests taking into account features of a structure of bones and the real loadings arising

at functioning of musculoskeletal system is recommended. It is proposed to use the stiffness characteristics of the systems "bone - means of fixation" under the action of axial compression, transverse bending and torsion, including in cyclic modes; considered systems of osteosynthesis with the most common methods of fixing fractures to select the optimal in terms of quality methods of fixing fragments in fractures. It is established that the stability indicators of osteosynthesis

systems, measured in the process of cyclic tests, are more sensitive to the type of fixing means and can be used to rank these systems according to the degree of mechanical reliability. The results of research obtained using these methods are implemented in surgical practice in the selection of optimal designs of fixation devices and the rational location of fixing elements.
Automated synthesis of mobile robots of arbitrary orientation in the technological space
Authors: Polishchuk Mikhailo , Kuznetsov Yurii
Published: December 2021

The research is devoted to the solution to the development of a methodology for the synthesis of mobile robots of arbitrary orientation in the technological space with systems for holding mobile robots on the moving surface to compensate for the gravitational and technological load. Mobile robots, also known in international publications as Climber Robot, are a new modification of mobile robots. The creation of this type of robotics is dictated by the need to perform

technological operations in such areas as monitoring industrial facilities, erection and dismantling of building structures, repair and preventive maintenance of their components, maintenance of high-rise buildings of urban utilities, forest and park woodlands, etc. The operation of mobile robots acquires particular relevance in the extreme conditions of manmade disasters, which are dangerous and even unacceptable for a person's stay. The paper proposes designs of mobile robots, which are based on new principles of their synthesis. In the performed studies, in addition to the latest patented designs of mobile robots, a strategy of active synthesis of a new class of mobile robots is proposed.
Comparison of advanced techniques for mechanical surface treatment of stainless steel parts
Authors: Lesyk Dmytro , Soiama S. , Mordyuk B. , Dzhemelinskyi Vitaliy , Ламікіз A.
Published: December 2021

This work compares various mechanical surface treatment techniques applied to improve the properties of the AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel. Effects of laser shock peening (LSP), water jet cavitation peening (WjCP), water jet shot peening (WjSP), and ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) on surface roughness, hardness, and residual stress were studied. The results demonstrate that as compared to the untreated specimen (Ra = 3.06 μm), all strain hardening methods demonstrate the decreased surface roughness parameters. The smallest Ra parameter of the wavy regular surface microrelief is formed after the ultrasonic treatment. The surface hardness (22.1 HRC5) was respectively increased by 30.7%, 38.4%, 69.6%, and 73.2% after the LSP, WjCP, WjSP, and UIT treatments. All peening techniques induced compressive residual stresses (ranged from –377 MPa to –693 MPa) in the near-surface layer. It is assumed that used treatments can increase wear/corrosion resistance and fatigue life in the studied steel.
The use of laser radiation to increase the efficiency of nitriding processes
Authors: Walid Alnusirat , Golovko Leonid , Romanenko Viktor , Bloshchytsyn Mikhailo
Published: December 2021

In this study, the technology of laser processing is tested. This combined process of laser chemical-thermal treatment allows by modifying the structures of the surface layers of metal alloys to significantly increase the thickness range of high-quality nitrided layers with a radical reduction in time and energy consumption of the process, significantly expand their applications to increase wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other performance characteristics.
Technologies "on-line" and "off-line" teaching and lecture development higher technical education
Authors: Labutkina Tetiana
Published: December 2021

The experience and perspective of application of "on-line" technologies in the process of providing educational services by higher educational institutions are considered. The possibility of their progressive combination with the "offline" format of work is noted. It is discussed using modern information technologies in "on-line" and "off-line" lecture formats. A number of aspects of the presentation of lecture material in "on-line" and "off-line" forms are highlighted. Attention is paid to the use of presentations and interactive forms of work with the audience in both forms of lectures. The rationality of the application of the main form of lecture in the "off-line" format for full-time education is substantiated. The possibilities of its combination with lectures in the "on-line" format are noted. Attention is paid to great opportunities of "on-line" education in higher education (including "on-line" lectures) in distance learning and in the provision of second higher education.
On the Prospects of D. Trump and Trumpism during the Presidency of J. Biden
Authors: Gadzhiev K.
Published: December 2021

The article attempts to analyze some factors that, in the author’s opinion, may more or less significantly affect the fate and prospects of D. Trump and his legacy – a set of ideas, program guidelines, forms, methods, means of restructuring the socio-political life and the power system of the United States, which became known under the collective name “Trumpism”. The main attention is focused on substantiating the thesis that the victory of D. Trump, who in the context of the political realities of the United States could be regarded as an outsider, in the presidential elections in November 2016, was not a historical accident, but a natural result of deep shifts in infrastructures of the American society. After analyzing the objective and subjective factors of the struggle for power and the right to choose the paths and prospects of the socio-historical development of the United States between Trumpism and the political platform of J. Biden, the leader of the Democrats, it was concluded that all possible attempts to neutralize and push the Trump legacy to the periphery of social and political life appear to be insolvent. The author sees the essence of the problem in the fact that in the presidential elections of both 2016 and 2020 it was a question of voting for/against not just specific candidates from the Republican and Democratic Parties, but under conditions of a deep crisis, in support of or against the program of social and political development of the country. In the 2020 elections, D. Trump and J. Biden were viewed by the majority of voters as symbols of defenders and opponents of the dominant political, intellectual, media establishment, as well as the so-called “Washington swamp” and a “deep state”. Since the factors that prompted 74 million Americans to vote for Trump have not disappeared, the Democrats led by J. Biden will have to rule America with these realities in mind.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ''BOLOGNA PROCESS'' INTO THE SUBJECT OF ANIMATION IN TOURISM, АS A SIGNIFICANT PART OF THE HOTEL INDUSTRY PRODUCTS PROMOTION
Authors: Ivkov Andjelija , Stamenkovic Igor
Published: December 2021

Since the academic year 2001/2002, the programme of studies at the Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Industry has been adjusted to the requirements of the Bologna Declaration. All the exams, including optional subject Animation in Tourism, during the studies are organised into one-semester exam, and obligatory student’s intership has been introduced. Animation in tourism with it's animation programmes, introduces very important segment in touristic offer of one destionation. In this way tourists are able to feel local atmosphere. Also, that is an original instrument to oblige them to have a significant role in creating the ’’genius loci’’. In the most hotels and restaurants, on a famous destinations, authentic food is served to guests in the course of animation programmes. The programme should be enriched with the folkloric caracteristics of one nation, which we want to represent to visitors. The main goal of this essay, with theory asppects and concrete examples, is to point out the importance of animation, as a considerable factor and new trend in a process of promoting the hotel product.
GREEN MARKETING: A NEW CHALLENGE FOR ROMANIAN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Muntean Andreea , Stremtan Fillimon
Published: December 2021

Eco-innovation and green marketing are the new weapons for the progressive companies in tourism. Environmental improvements can enhance marketability, improve performance, and represent a potent source of innovation. From an organizational standpoint, green marketing means to integrate environmental considerations into all aspects of new touristic product development and marketing. In actual conditions, Romanian touristic companies should prepare to include ecological impact as a part of its marketing strategy. Given current environmental imperatives, they represent the next important stage in corporate environmental management and hence, corporate reputation management. Being "green" is not just a fad, and Romanian companies will have to join the likes of other international firms in preparing marketing strategies to support their sustainability policies. Companies that can prove to consumers and business partners that they are serious about their environmental impact will reinforce their branding. This paper tries to underline how important is for a touristic company to develop sustainable eco - marketing strategy and it proposes some solutions about what Romanian companies should do.
ANALYSING THE USERS` PERCEPTION OF WEB DESIGN QUALITY BY DATA MINING TOOLS
Authors: Bevanda Vanja , Grzinić Jasmina , Cervar Emanuel
Published: December 2021

Several authors indicated the existence of different relative importance of each web site quality factor across e-business domains and between stakeholders. They also found the correlation between web site quality and e-business performance . The website with the highest quality produced the highest business performance. Therefore there is a need to constantly monitor users’ behavior and their requirements in different e-business sector towards better web site design. The aim of this research is to explore possibilities of classification data mining tools to support and automate process of discovering users` perception of web site design quality factors. In order to do that we collected 81 cases that serve as an input for inductive reasoning. We applied modified ID3 algorithm and induced the most informative attributes and rules describing users` perception of web design quality for online travel agency. The findings can provide the management and web designers with useful insights to enhance and refine their business performance.
Comparison of Machine Learning Techniques in Cotton Yield Prediction Using Satellite Remote Sensing
Authors: Morelli-Ferreira Francielle , Maia Nayane Jaqueline Costa , Tedesco Danilo , Kazama Elizabeth Haruna , Morlin Carneiro Franciele , Santos Leticia Bernabe , Seben Junior Getulio Freitas , Rolim Glauco Souza , Shiratsuchi Luciano Shozo , Silva Rouverson Pereira
Published: December 2021

The use of machine learning techniques to predict yield based on remote sensing is a no-return path and studies conducted on farm aim to help rural producers in decision-making. Thus, commercial fields equipped with technologies in Mato Grosso, Brazil, were monitored by satellite images to predict cotton yield using supervised learning techniques. The objective of this research was to identify how early in the growing season, which vegetation indices and which machine learning algorithms are best to predict cotton yield at the farm level. For that, we went through the following steps: 1) We observed the yield in 398 ha (3 fields) and eight vegetation indices (VI) were calculated on five dates during the growing season. 2) Scenarios were created to facilitate the analysis and interpretation of results: Scenario 1: All Data (8 indices on 5 dates = 40 inputs) and Scenario 2: best variable selected by Stepwise regression (1 input). 3) In the search for the best algorithm, hyperparameter adjustments, calibrations and tests using machine learning were performed to predict yield and performances were evaluated. Scenario 1 had the best metrics in all fields of study, and the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms showed the best performances with adjusted R2 of 47% and RMSE of only 0.24 t ha-1, however, in this scenario all predictive inputs that were generated throughout the growing season (approx. 180 days) are needed, so we optimized the prediction and tested only the best VI in each field, and found that among the eight VIs, the Simple Ratio (SR), driven by the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm predicts with 0.26 and 0.28 t ha-1 of RMSE and 5.20% MAPE, anticipating the cotton yield with low error by ±143 days, and with important aspect of requiring less computational demand in the generation of the prediction when compared to MLP and RF, for example, enabling its use as a technique that helps predict cotton yield, resulting in time savings for planning, whether in marketing or in crop management strategies.
An Assessment of Air and Water Pollution Accrued from Stone Quarrying in Mukono District, Central Uganda
Authors: Bakamwesiga Hilary , Mugisha William , Kisira Yeeko , Muwanga Andrew
Published: December 2021

The unquenchable demand for rock materials has attracted many companies within the building and construction sector to invest in stone quarrying. However, this has brought about the environmental impacts with health threats to people. There is a paucity of information about the magnitude of pollution on air and water and how it varies with quarry sites. This study therefore investigated the physical impacts of quarrying on air and water and explored the in-situ mitigations to undesirable effects due to stone quarrying. Four active quarry sites were identified. Field measurements of dust (particulate matter) was conducted within the four quarry sites and in the nearby community. Water samples were collected from quarry pits and nearby shallow wells for laboratory analysis of water quality. Statistical Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test for differences in pollution across the four studied sites. Results revealed that, amidst use of wet crushing and water sprinkling on bare surfaces, dust emission was higher than the recommended permissible standards levels with a significant variation across the quarry sites with ANOVA (P-value=0.003) for PM2.5 and (P-value=0.04366) for PM10. Water pollution was mainly contributed by the non-permissive levels of nitrates, chromium, and pH. Polluted air and water are associated with sparking off health threats to the users in the community. In conclusion, quarry companies should strengthen the already existing mitigation of dust suppression. The study recommends additional measures such as treating quarry pit water before discharging to the open environment
Increasing the Prevalence of Offsite Construction in Housing Association Developments: Conceptual and Pragmatic Challenges
Authors: Agapiou Andrew
Published: December 2021

Offsite construction is increasingly being presented as a way to increase housing delivery and reduce the housing crisis. Housing Associations play a pivotal role in the delivery of affordable homes and therefore offsite construction could be beneficial in alleviating the crisis. For offsite construction uptake to increase, the conceptual and pragmatic advantages and challenges surrounding offsite housing in relation to evolving social domestic needs to be explored and understood. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the viability of offsite construction as not only a full-service solution to social housing provision, but an integral strategic partner for meeting the range of specialised fabrication needs for these new properties. A literature review is carried out to explore the conceptual and pragmatic advantages and challenges encountered by HAs adopting offsite construction methods. The paper also investigates which the housing tenures are most suited to offsite construction technology. The paper highlighted that whilst individual case studies and example homes offer one mode of justification for Housing Associations to move forward, it is the cumulative effect of cost savings, sustainability, specialised skill sets, labour reduction, structural innovation, and rate of construction that should be weighed and incorporated into this consideration-making process.
Factores críticos en la percepción de la calidad en la atención de los servicios públicos: el caso de un organismo federal descentralizado
Authors: Villagómez Girosky Erika Guillermina , Sierra Carpio Daniel Alberto , Esquinca Moreno Armando
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los factores críticos en la satisfacción de la calidad del servicio en la administración pública, utilizando como un caso de estudio a una dependencia federal descentralizada. El diseño de este estudio fue cuantitativo y transversal, utilizando las dimensiones del modelo SERVPERF con 491 encuestados y analizadas a través de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. El resultado arrojo que las dimensiones ligadas a las capacidades interpersonales de los servidores tienen mayor peso que la relacionada a la infraestructura a la hora de evaluar la calidad en el servicio por parte de los usuarios.
Estimation peculiarities of external polymer insulation reliability of gas-filled instrument transformers
Authors: Zhorniak Liudmyla , Afanasiev Alexej , Schus Vitaliy , Morozov Olexij , Rudenko Julia
Published: December 2021

In the article, the authors propose a method for estimating the parameters of theoretical distributions for calculating the indicators of operational reliability. In the article, the authors propose a method for estimating the parameters of theoretical distributions for calculating the indicators of the operational reliability of a solid insulating structure of high-voltage devices, which is a supporting insulating cover for high voltage instrument transformers filled with gas as an insulating liquid. This technique makes it possible to estimate the parameters of a new distribution law, which is chosen on the condition that it does not contradict the existing distribution law with its known parameters. The developed technique makes it possible to obtain the values of the indicators of the operational reliability of high-voltage equipment by determining the parameters of theoretical distributions, if the developer is the data of experimental studies or statistical information as a result of monitoring the operation of insulating structures, taking into account the actual operating conditions of such high-voltage devices.  This makes it possible to take into account the influence of external factors and performance characteristics inherent in instrument transformers, both current and voltage. In the proposed methodology, as an example, a supporting insulating casing is considered, which is during operation in the most unfavorable conditions, such as external pollution, humidification, overvoltage, etc. The theoretical conclusions are confirmed by the results of calculations using the example of the design of a current transformer of the ТОГ-362 series. A more accurate determination of the effectiveness of the proposed method for predicting the parameters of theoretical distribution laws can be achieved by performing an additional series of calculations and experimental tests of specific insulating structures. Thus, it was concluded that it is possible to use the results obtained to assess the operational reliability of both gas-filled instrument transformers and similar high-voltage equipment.
Experimental research of the influence of a ferromagnetic core on the speed of an induction-dynamic release with turning anchor type
Authors: Lytvynenko Viktoriia , Sereda Alexander , Varshamova Iryna , Korol Olena
Published: December 2021

Circuit breakers for overcurrent protection of semiconductor converters limit the duration and amplitude of the overcurrent at such a level that its thermal effect does not exceed the maximum allowable thermal protection index of the protected semiconductor device. The limitation of the thermal action of the short-circuit current is achieved by reducing the operation time of the circuit breaker. The design of the circuit breaker is changed in such a way that instead of the basic electromagnetic release is used an induction-dynamic release, which consists of an inductor with a ferromagnetic core and a rotary armature in the form of a copper disk. The electrodynamic force producing by the induction-dynamic release for quick operation is determined by the coefficient of mutual inductance of the inductor coil and the armature. Using of a ferromagnetic core entailed an increase in the coefficient of mutual inductance of the coil and armature, therefore, an increase in the electrodynamic force producing by the release, and a decrease in own tripping time of the circuit breaker. On a prototype, an experimental study of the proper operation time of the release was carried out at various values of the electrical parameters of the capacitor bank of the inductor power supply, the winding parameters of the inductor coil and the disk dimensions. The research results have proved both a decrease in the tripping time of the circuit breaker while conserving the energy of the capacitor bank of the inductor, and a decrease in the required energy of the capacitor bank to power the inductor while maintaining the minimum tripping time of the circuit breaker. Reducing the energy of the capacitor bank of the inductor made it possible to reduce the capacity and voltage of the capacitor bank of the supply of the release, and, consequently, its dimensions.
A multiphysics model of processes in electromagnets and actuators of vacuum switching devices taking into ac-count contact interaction of structural elements
Authors: Panteliat Mykhailo , Kuzmin Artem
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the work is to improve mathematical models and algorithms of computer modeling of multiphysics processes in electromagnets and actuators of vacuum switching devices by taking into account the contact interaction of structural elements when changing their stress-strain state. In the design of modern vacuum circuit breakers and contactors, there is a significant use of electromagnetic actuators based on high-coercive hard magnetic rare earth composite materials NdFeB and SmCo. The most promising for use as drives of circuit breakers and contactors are polarized electromagnets based on the use of these high-coercive permanent magnets. However, the existing serial designs of electromagnets and actuators need to be significantly improved in order to increase reliability and service life, reduce weight and cost, further reduce energy consumption, improve the manufacturability of the mass production process. Computer simulation is proposed to be performed by the Finite Element Method in 2D formulation using commercial software products and/or software created directly for these investigations. One of the priority areas for improving mathematical models and algorithms for computer modeling of processes in the mechanical circuit of vacuum switching devices of medium and high voltage is to take into account the contact interaction of the structural elements of the devices under consideration. The next step, thanks to the use of an advanced mathematical model, is to perform a set of computational research and based on the obtained numerical results to develop recommendations aimed at creating designs of electromagnets and actuators that would meet world standards and be competitive in the world market.
Reactive power control
Authors: Kalinchyk Vasyl , Pobigaylo Vitaliy , Kalinchyk Vitaliy , Skosyrev Viktor
Published: December 2021

The article investigates the methods of control of reactive power modes. It is shown that ensuring the efficiency of electricity transmission and distribution is inseparable from setting and solving problems related to reducing electricity losses in networks. Moreover, one of the most effective ways to reduce electricity losses, as well as improve its quality at the terminals of electrical receivers is to compensate for reactive power, which is carried out using various compensating devices. It is shown that the control of the reactive power mode is carried out in accordance with the Methodology for calculating the fee for the flow of reactive energy between the power transmission organization and its consumers. It is shown that the indicator of economically advantageous value of the level of reactive energy consumption can be cos φз, the value of which is predetermined. The procedure for controlling the reactive power mode contains two main stages: the stage of determining the magnitude of the possible reduction of the current cos φ above the set and the stage of determining and implementing control effects aimed at eliminating possible deviations. Preferably, it is preferable to focus on those methods that are based on the study of forecast estimates, which constitute the source information for management decisions. It is expedient to use adaptive methods of exponential smoothing as a basis for operative forecasting of electric loading. Reactive power mode is controlled by compensating units. It is shown that the control of voltage modes in the power supply system significantly affects the modes of reactive power consumption. In this regard, it is advisable to comprehensively solve the problem of reactive power control both by controlling the compensating units and the impact on the voltage regimes of the power supply system. In the calculation model, the reactive load of the distribution network is given by its static characteristics, which can be the basis for regulating the reactive load. To implement regulation in the power supply centers of electrical networks, technical means are provided on the basis of changing the transformation coefficient or generating reactive power by counter-voltage regulation.
Voltage characteristic as a parameter for surge arrester diagnosing
Authors: Kim En Dar , Korostelev Ian
Published: December 2021

An alternative method for field MOV surge arresters diagnosing was observed, the controlled characteristic was the surge voltage of a gap arrester. The condenser that was connected in series with gap arrester was applied as voltage measurement sensor. Electrical aging of active elements (MOV), surge arrester insulation degradation and other types of electric faults causes to voltage increase at capacitor. The voltage value can be measured directly or the energy stored in capacitor can be transformed to electromagnetic signal and, then, registered remotely by specific radio transceiver. The capacitor connected in series with the surge arrester can also be used for leakage current limitation during all the life period of surge arrester. Shunted with a spark gap and presented as the low-current gap arrester with pre-sated discharge voltage glass (porcelain) pin-cap insulator can be the simplest, but reliable sensor.  Taking into consideration modern technologies the surge arrester statement continuous monitoring system can be designed. It also allows locating the place of damaged arrester that is particularly true for remote maintenance of equipped with surge protection devices electrical
Absorption methods of control of technical condition of electrical insulation
Authors: Kostjukov Ivan
Published: December 2021

The article provides an overview of the most common methods for monitoring the technical state of electrical insulation, based on the applying of absorption phenomena arising in dielectric materials under the influence of DC voltage. The main provisions of the control method based on determining the voltage at the electrodes of the investigated capacitive control object, which is recovering after a short-term discharge of its capacity, are described. The main aspects of the application of the polarization index and the absorption coefficient for determining the technical state of insulation by using the coefficients characterizing the change in time of the current through the dielectric when a constant test voltage is applied to it are analyzed. The advantages of using absorption methods for monitoring the technical state of electrical insulation, first of all, are the ability to carry out testing without the necessity of applying of relatively high test voltages, which greatly simplifies all the necessary technical operations. Such control methods show a significant dependence of the informative parameters used in them on the technical state of insulation on the degree of development of slow polarization processes in the material under study and, therefore, are successfully used to determine the degree of moisture in tested electrical insulation.
Improvement of technology of production of compensation copper and copper steel current ducts
Authors: Mokhnach Richard
Published: December 2021

The article describes the technology of manufacturing conductors for power supply systems for cranes, railway vehicles, powerful critical electric motors and power systems. The results of studies for copper-steel samples are shown; in these systems there is a decrease in material losses due to an increase in the strength and durability of products. The proposed technology can be used to use steel-copper wires in power supply loss compensation systems.
Virtual laboratory of Andaliman tissue culture integrated with islamic values
Authors: Hartono Adi , Tanjung Indayana Febriani , Syahputra Irwan
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, the world is being hit by a Corona virus outbreak which has an impact on every line of life including the field of Education which encourages students to take online learning. This study aims to develop a Virtual Laboratory of Andaliman Network Culture integrated with Islamic values as an interactive learning media to overcome problem obstructions in practicum activities as well as to strengthen the internalization of Islamic values and insights into the local potential of students in The State Senior High School 11 Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia. This research was conducted using Research and Development (R & D) with the ADDIE approach (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The results showed that the percentage of media validity by Material Expert validators was 98.61%, Islamic Values Material Expert validators were 90.62%, Virtual Laboratory Expert validators were 93.96%, and Field Practitioner Expert validators (Biology Teachers) were 93.75% with the category of evaluation of all validators as very good. Meanwhile, the percentage of student responses to the media reached 63.88% in the good category. Thus, it is highly recommended to use the Virtual Laboratory which was developed because it has tested validly to increase understanding about mechanism Plant Tissue Culture with Islamic Values and Local Potential.
Right to a Healthy Environment and Legal Regulation of Viticulture
Authors: Nikolić Dušan
Published: December 2021

The foundations for the introduction and development of the modern right to a healthy environment were laid almost half a century ago, by adoption of the Declaration on the Human Environment at the United Nations thematic Conference on the Human Environment, held in Stockholm in 1972. The gathering was preceded by extensive preparations in which members of the academic community and people from politics participated equally. Scientists have obviously prepared a good basis for considering key issues, and representatives of member states and UN bodies have given it an appropriate political dimension. Thanks to that, reasonable, necessary compromises were made, which made it possible to establish a (fragile) balance of interests in the then polarized world and to start a process of great importance for humanity with a lot of optimism. Unfortunately, relatively little has been done on global level since then. This is evidenced by the terminological inconsistency and conceptual uncertainty of the right to a healthy environment, unclear legal nature, dominant development and expansion through constitutionalization at the national level (not on the basis of international instruments), as well as indirect application through the so-called greening of other human rights. The United Nations Human Rights Council, which in October 2021 adopted a Resolution on a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment by which the right to a healthy environment was raised to the level of human rights, officially assessed that many questions about the relationship of human rights and the environment remain unanswered and require further examination. This paper opens several interrelated topics whose consideration can contribute to the further development of the right to a healthy environment. The author believes that over time there will be an interaction between the right to a healthy environment and property rights; that this will pave the way for a more extensive interpretation that could result in an individual's autonomous right to independently shape a healthy environment in the space person uses as the owner or holder of another property right; that such interaction would enable the owner to more effectively counter unjustified restrictions on property rights established by state bodies or supranational institutions, such as those existing in the field of viticulture. The paper points out the need to rethink policies and rights related to agriculture and to pay more attention to the part of the population that contributes to the preservation of a healthy environment through their way of life and work. In the final part, winegrowers ’oases that represent specific spatial units are analyzed.
Surge Mapping of Compressors to Enhance Energy Efficiency and Integrity
Authors: Abdul Shathar Sevideen , Ramakrishnan Bala Murugan , Abdul Jabbar Shafiulla , Al Mansoori Reem
Published: December 2021

ADNOC Gas Processing Ruwais NGL Plant carried out a field surge testing of one of its Centrifugal type Refrigeration compressor units in order to accurately evaluate the real surge points. Centrifugal compressors used in Gas processing plants are critical machineries consuming significant amount of energy. Unavailability of the compressor due to any failure will cause revenue loss and downtime to the plant operators. Often failure of the compressor system happens due to unstable operation caused by surge. Manufacturers build surge control systems to protect the machinery during the project stages through simulation.

However, inaccurate surge map or shifting of surge control lines during plant operation may result in energy losses or machinery damage. Surge test establishes the baseline for machine to help understand future issues better, for machinery protection, safe operation and efficiency.

Performing high risk surge testing activity in a safe and successful manner during plant operation and re-mapping resulted in optimal utilization of existing assets without the need for costly upgrades.

This innovative technique can lead to impressive improvements and benefits on equipment integrity, performance, energy efficiency, emissions and profitability. This best practice has great potential for transferability across Oil & Gas industry as such compressors and control systems are common across the industry.

This paper highlights the methodology of accurate mapping of surge control lines in a safe manner during plant operation to enhance energy efficiency of the machine by reduced gas recycles and to enhance machine integrity by avoiding early surge possibilities.
Deep Penetration Resin Systems Overcome Annular Gas Migration: Case History
Authors: Arroyave Juan Manuel , Paredes Jose Luis , Castro Fabian Ricardo , Rubiano Jhon , Gandara Carlos , Molano Miguel , Cotes German , Ríos Marino , Sanchez Guillermo
Published: December 2021

Well Integrity is a critical compliance requirement during oil and gas operations. Abandonment procedures must ensure that all hydrocarbon sources are properly isolated and effective barriers are placed.

This paper describes the use of resin systems to isolate annular gas migration identified during the Obiwan – 1 well abandonment in Colombia. The main challenge was to select and design fluid systems capable to fill tight spaces and isolate the annular channel.

Resin systems are high-strength, elastic polymers which act as dependable barriers to isolate fluid flow. They can be designed as a solid-free, pure liquid or may contain solids (cement with a formulated percent of resin). Solid-free formulations are ideal for remedial operations, such as isolating annular gas.

Acoustic logging enabled identification of the influx zones. Annular isolation was achieved by executing two cementing remedial operations using the bradenhead squeeze technique. A tailored resin system was selected to deliver the proper barrier addressing the influx zones after injectivity tests were performed in each interval. For the first intervention a solids-free resin system was used, and for the second one a resin-cement composite system was applied.

During cementing remedial operations, it was determined that the resin systems were able to achieve deep penetration into the channels more readily and form a seal. The correct system was selected for each case, and during execution, the required volume was injected to intersect and properly isolate the annular gas channel.

As a result, the tailored resin systems isolated the gas channel eliminating annular pressure and gas migration to surface. In addition, a post remedial operation acoustic log indicated that the influx zones were successfully isolated. Well abandonment was accomplished according to country regulatory requirements and delivered dependable barriers both annular and interior pipe sections.

Use of resin to repair channels of this type exhibited a higher success rate and improved reliability in comparison to conventional particulate-laden fluids, which helps to decrease costs for additional remedial treatments.
Action Based Integrated Tracking Approach to Foster the Collaboration and Achieve Operational Excellence
Authors: Alsaeedi Ayesha Ahmed Abdulla Salem , Elabrashy Manar Maher Mohamed , Alzeyoudi Mohamed Ali , Albadi Mohamed Mubarak , Soni Sandeep , Isambertt Jose , Tripathi Deepak , Sabat Siddharth
Published: December 2021

In rapidly growing data-intensive workflow processes, one of the major challenges for engineers is to carry out the high-priority tasks aligned with the engineering and business needs of the organization. This paper presents an implementation methodology adopted to solve this problem and create a holistic action tracking system that is firmly integrated into the engineering practice and fosters improved communication within various engineering disciplines.

The first step in creating the comprehensive action tracking workflow was to identify the engineering workflows that end with an actionable item. Afterward, a framework was created that integrates these action items with the corresponding workflow as per the organization structure active directory. Once these action items are created, the inbuilt reminder system notifies the user of the upcoming tasks based on the priority assigned to these items. The escalation mechanism also ensures that the manager gets a notification when actions passed the due date. Once the action items are closed, the action assignee and assigner both get a notification to close the action loop.

One of the most significant benefits of such a process is that all the outcomes of the engineering workflows, such as the requirement to retest the well for production tests, allowable approval requirements, injection improvement recommendations, etc., are directly fed into the integrated action tracking mechanism. This way, the engineers do not need to use a separate system for assigning and tracking the actions. Once these actions are fed into an integrated action tracking system, the system maintains, expedites, and escalates the actions by itself. Another benefit realized by this action tracking system was that the organization structure was internally utilized within the online platform. Therefore, it helps in dynamically assigning the organization structure and creating an escalation item to the right person at the right time so that the integrity of the overall operation remains uncompromised. The business intelligence tool is integrated with the action tracking system to support monitoring and decision-making surveillance exercises of reservoir monitoring plans and allowable monitoring, for example, utilizing the inbuilt planning and performance dashboards. Another major objective achieved in this closed-loop action tracker was the improved system-based communication among various engineering disciplines as the actions are decided based on common business objectives and agreement within the digital platform

One of the well-known gaps in modern production optimization solutions is integrating the engineering solutions with the actionable item. This system bridges this gap and provides a way forward for improved collaboration and fostering communication among various disciplines.
Impact of Static and Dynamic Wellbore Strengthening on Well Planning in Petroleum Development Oman
Authors: in 't Panhuis Peter , Mahajan Sandeep , Prin Cindy , Al Ajmi Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Formation Integrity Tests (FIT) or Leak-Off Tests (LOT) are common techniques to reduce the uncertainty in Fracture Gradient (FG) prediction for well planning, but are usually performed at the casing shoe. This article will discuss the first examples of open-hole LOT and FIT in Petroleum Development Oman (PDO), targeting depleted formations in water injector or oil producer wells. The data was used to justify continued drilling of slim wells with two casing strings, where otherwise three casing strings would be required, provided dynamic wellbore strengthening is applied.

In addition, the concept of static wellbore strengthening was also trialed for the first time in Oman, using the hesitation squeeze testing procedure, by which the effective leak-off pressure was incrementally increased to match the maximum ECD required for cementing.