bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The associations between life events and person-centered personality consistency
Authors: Wright Amanda Jo , Jackson Joshua James
Published: June 2022

Objective: Few environments reliably influence mean-level and rank-order changes in personality – perhaps because personality development needs to be examined through an individualized, person-centered lens. Methods: The current study used Bayesian multilevel linear models to examine the association between 16 life events and changes in person-centered, Big Five personality consistency across four to 10 waves of data using four datasets (N = 24,491). Results: Selection effects were found for events such as marriage, (un)employment, retirement, and volunteering whereas between-person effects for slopes were found for events such as beginning formal education, employment, and retirement. Within-person changes were often small and emerged inconsistently across datasets but, when present, were brief and negative in direction, suggesting life events can serve as a short-term disruption to the personality system. However, there were many individual differences around event-related trajectories. Conclusion: Our results highlight that the effects of life events depend on how personality and its changes are quantified – with these findings underscoring the utility of a person-centered approach as it can capture the full range of these idiosyncrasies. Overall, these findings suggest that life events are associated with a range of idiosyncratic effects and can serve as a short-term, destabilizing shock to one’s personality system.
Race and socioeconomic status as predictors of willingness to use internet-based treatments or face-to-face psychotherapy: A nationally representative study
Authors: Lorenzo-Luaces Lorenzo , Wasil Akash R , Kacmarek Corinne , DeRubeis Robert
Published: June 2022

Background: There is an ongoing debate about whether digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) can reduce racial and socioeconomic inequities in access to mental health care. One key factor in this debate involves the extent to which racial and ethnic minoritized and socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals are willing to use, and pay for, DMHIs. Objective: We examined racial and ethnic as well as socioeconomic differences in participants’ willingness to pay (WTP) for DMHIs vs. one-on-one therapy (1:1 therapy). Methods: We conducted a national survey of people in the United States (N = 423, women: n = 204, age: M = 45.15, SD = 16.19, Non-Hispanic White: n = 293) via Prolific. After reading descriptions of DMHIs and 1:1 therapy, participants rated their willingness to use each treatment for 1) free, 2) for a small fee, 3) as a maximum dollar amount, and 4) as a percentage of their total monthly income. At the end of the study there was a decision task to potentially receive more information about DMHIs and 1:1 therapy. Results: Race and ethnicity were associated with willingness to pay higher amounts of one’s income, as a percent or the dollars, and was also associated with information-seeking for DMHIs in the behavioral task. By and large, race and ethnicity was not associated with willingness to try 1:1 therapy. Greater educational attainment was associated to willingness to try DMHIs for free, the decision to learn more about DMHIs, and willingness to pay for 1:1 therapy. Income was inconsistently associated to willingness to try DMHIs and 1:1 therapy. Conclusions: If they are available for free or at very low costs, DMHIs may reduce inequities by expanding access to mental healthcare for racial and ethnic minoritized individuals and economically disadvantaged groups.
Kordsmeyer et al. (preprint) Halo effect of faces and bodies: Cross-cultural similarities and differences between German and Japanese observers
Authors: Kordsmeyer Tobias L. , Freund Daniel , Ueshima Atsushi , Kuroda Kiri , Kameda Tatsuya , Penke Lars
Published: June 2022

According to the halo effect, person perceptions are globally biased by specific traits or characteristics. Attractive people are attributed positive traits like prosociality, health, and dominance. Due to a strong focus on facial stimuli it remains unclear whether this effect can also be found for bodies. Furthermore, most studies involved observers from individualistic cultures. This preregistered study explored the consistency of halo effects for men’s faces and bodies for individualistic and collectivistic observers. Facial photos and 3D body scans of 165 German men were judged separately for attractiveness, prosociality, health, and physical dominance by 123 German and 100 Japanese observers. Results were mostly consistent between both observer groups and revealed strong attractiveness halo effects for faces and bodies, and a physical dominance halo effect for bodies. This study provides new insights on consistent halo effect biases in person perception for faces and bodies for observers with different cultural backgrounds.
Age Effects on Women’s and Men’s Dyadic and Solitary Sexual Desire
Authors: Wieczorek Larissa Lucia , Chivers Meredith , Koehn Monica A , DeBruine Lisa Marie , Jones Benedict C
Published: June 2022

While most studies on sexuality in later life report that sexual desire declines with age, little is known about the exact nature of age effects on sexual desire. Using self-reported dyadic sexual desire relating to a partner, dyadic sexual desire relating to an attractive person, and solitary sexual desire from a large (N > 8000) and age-diverse (14.6 - 80.2 years) online sample, the current study had three goals: First, we investigated relationships between men and women’s sexual desire and age. Second, we examined whether individual differences such as gender/sex, sexual orientation, self-rated masculinity, relationship status, self-rated attractiveness, and self-rated health predict sexual desire. Third, we examined how these associations differed across sexual desire facets. On average, the associations between age and both men and women’s sexual desire followed non-linear trends and differed between genders/sexes and types of sexual desire. Average levels of all types of sexual desire were generally higher in men. Dyadic sexual desire related positively to self-rated masculinity and having a romantic partner and solitary desire was higher in people with same-sex attraction. We discuss the results in the context of the evolutionary hypothesis that predict an increase of sexual desire and female reproductive effort prior to declining fertility. Our findings both support and challenge beliefs about gender/sex specificity of age effects on sexual desire and highlight the importance of differentiating between desire types.
Bound States in QED from a light-front approach
Authors: Zhao Xingbo , Fu Kaiyu , Vary James P.
Published: June 2022

We calculate the binding energy and structure of the positronium system in a light-front nonperturbative approach. The input interaction is from Quantum Electrodynamics first principles and one dynamical photon is explicitly included in the basis. We obtain the low-lying mass spectrum, which is found to be consistent with that from nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. Various excitation modes of the low-lying states can be identified from the associated wave functions. The photon distribution in the longitudinal direction is calculated for the low-lying positronium states.
Moving Toward Equity: Experiences With Ungrading
Authors: Rapchak Marcia , Hands Africa S. , Hensley Merinda Kaye
Published: June 2022

This paper explores the practice of ungrading, a movement embraced by a growing number of teachers and professors who see the process of grading as disconnected and sometimes counter to the learning goals they have for their students. We discuss the limitations of traditional grading systems in the United States, mainly in the way that grading is subject to instructor preferences and reflective of white, middle-class ideals of learning. Describing the benefits of ungrading for library and information science education, we focus particularly on how ungrading can encourage a more equitable classroom environment and student autonomy. Taking an autoethnographic approach, we each describe our own evolution as teachers and how we discovered and began implementing ungrading, including the scholars and movements that influenced us. We argue that ungrading dismantles some of the power imbalance between students and professors, leading to an environment in which students take responsibility for their own learning. Ultimately, we reflect on ungrading as a more inclusive approach that encourages curiosity, growth, and freedom in the learning environment.
Cervical Spinous Process and Its Attached Muscles Maintain Lower Disk Lordosis: A Retrospective Study of 155 Patients Who Underwent Muscle-Preserving Double Laminectomies
Authors: Aoyama Ryoma , Yamane Junichi , Ninomiya Ken , Takahashi Yuichiro , Kitamura Kazuya , Nori Satoshi , Suzuki Satoshi , Shiraishi Tateru
Published: June 2022

Study Design: A retrospective study conducted at a single academic institution.Purpose: This study compared the postoperative alignment of consecutive double laminectomies according to their decompression levels and investigated the influence of the extension unit of the spinous process and its attached muscles on postoperative alignment.Overview of Literature: Many reports have investigated bony and soft tissue factors as the causes of postoperative cervical alignment disorders. To-this-date, no other article has clarified the importance of the attached muscles between the spinous processes of C3 and C6 to maintain local cervical alignment.Methods: In total, 155 consecutive patients who underwent muscle-preserving consecutive double laminectomies for cervical spondylotic myelopathy from 2005 to 2013 were included in this study. The imaging parameters included the C2–C7 angle, range of motion, C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), C7 slope, C2–C5 angle, C5-C7 angle, local disk angle caudal to the decompression level, and the disk height between C2/C3 and C7/Th1.Results: The caudal disk angle of the decompression level decreased after consecutive double laminectomies, thus suggesting that the extension unit maintained the local lordosis at the lower disk of the decompression level. Postoperatively, in the C3–4 decompression cases, the C2–C7 angle decreased by 7.3°, and the C2–C7 SVA increased by 8.6 mm, thus indicating the appearance of an alignment disorder. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cephalad laminectomy was a risk factor for C2–C7 angle decreases >10°. However, the postoperative recovery rate of Japanese Orthopedic Association scores after consecutive double laminectomies was reasonable, and the overall cervical alignment was well maintained in all decompression levels except C3–C4.Conclusions: The cervical extension unit maintained lordosis at the disk caudal to it. The extension unit was found to contribute more to the maintenance of lordosis of the entire cervical spine at the cephalad side.
Inhibitory Effect of Insulin Treatment on Apoptosis of Intervertebral Disc Cells in a Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Model
Authors: Kong Chae-Gwan , Park Jong-Beom , Kim Seung Hyo
Published: June 2022

Study Design: Experimental study using a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Purpose: This study aims to investigate whether insulin treatment could attenuate disc cell apoptosis and matrix degradation in a STZ-induced diabetic rat model.Overview of Literature: Diabetes is a significant risk factor for disc degeneration due to excessive apoptosis of disc cells and matrix degradation. However, no studies were noted to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of insulin treatment on the apoptosis of disc cells and matrix degradation in diabetic patients.Methods: Rats were allocated randomly into one of three groups: control, STZ, and STZ-insulin. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg) in the STZ and STZ-insulin groups. The blood glucose level was consistently above 400 mg/ dL in the STZ and STZ-insulin groups 2 weeks after STZ injection. After 2 weeks of STZ injection, the STZ-insulin group was administered insulin treatment (1.5 unit/100 g) daily for up to 4 weeks. Blood glucose of the STZ-insulin rats significantly decreased to normal levels 4 weeks after insulin treatment. The rats were sacrificed 6 weeks after STZ injection, and disc cells and tissues were harvested to investigate the expression of apoptosis markers and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).Results: Fas and caspase-8, -9, and -3 expressions were significantly increased in the STZ group, along with increased expressions of MMP-2 and -3. On the contrary, insulin treatment significantly decreased the expressions of Fas, caspase-8, -9, and -3 as well as MMP-2 and -3 in the STZ-insulin group.Conclusions: The results of the current study demonstrated that insulin treatment attenuates excessive apoptosis of disc cells and matrix degradation in the diabetic rat model. Accordingly, strict blood glucose control should be recommended to prevent disc degeneration in diabetic patients.
Analysis and Characterization of Chitinase in Bacillus salmalaya Strain 139SI
Authors: J. Alsalman Abdulkhaliq , Farid Arshad , Al Mohaini Mohammed , A. Al Hawaj Maitham , Muzammal Muhammad , Hashim Khan Muhammad , Dadrasnia Arezoo , N. Alhashem Yousef , Ghazanfar Shakira , M. Almusalami Eman , G. Kharboush Taghrid , Ismail Salmah
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Chitinases are enzymes that hydrolyze the internal β-1,4 glycosidic linkages of chitin, a significant structural component of arthropod exoskeletons and fungus cell walls. Objective: Main objective of current study was to determine the protein and to check the antimicrobial, antifungal activity of chitinase in Bacillus salmalaya strain 139SI. Methodology: Purified and estimation enzymes were quantified by the method of Lowry method. Antimicrobial action of chitinase was done using standard Disc Diffusion method while the hyphal extension inhibition assay was used to test the antifungal activity of pure chitinase strains 139SI, 140SI, and 141SI. Results: In this study, Bacillus salmalaya 139SIexhibited strong hemolytic activity and their protein concentration was measured as 56.43 mg/mL. In addition, strain 139SI had strong antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungus including Fusarium sp., R. solani and Phytophthora sp. Strain 139SI had the capability in degrading the peptidoglycan component of cell walls of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli but not against the gram-positive, Staphylococcus aureus. Chitinase activity was observed when 200μl crude extract of 139SI able to degrade 0.09 g chitin of shrimp shell by breaking down shrimp shell structure and bonds of chitin effectively as early as 2 days or up to 7 days. Conclusion: Hence, based on the results, B. salmalaya 139SI has potential to be a novel biofunctional chitinase that could use as a biological agent in degrading the chitin component of fungal cell walls and shells waste of many kind of insect and crustaceans for solving future problem in the agricultural sector and fishery industry.
The role of
controlling in times of corona crisis
Authors: Roška Vlasta , Buneta Anđelka , Sesar Vesna
Published: June 2022

Controlling represent company’s bloodstream and in time of crisis, it comes to the fore since management strives for quality information’s to make the right decisions under uncertain conditions. Those quality decisions come from joint cooperation between well-educated controllers who can develop the right solutions and managers who are goal-oriented and need those solutions promptly. This need is more emphasized in times of corona crisis since nothing similar has ever happened before. The authors of the paper examine the respondents’ perception about the contribution of controlling in enabling companies’ survival in time of corona crisis through the increase of business process efficiency, as well as through business operations reorientation and strategy adjustment which enabled maintenance and stabilization in the first days of the corona crisis and during partial lockdown in Croatia. In order to test the set hypotheses after the usual descriptive statistics the Kruskal- Wallis H test was used on a sample of 180 companies in Croatia. A statistically significant correlation was confirmed between the role of controlling; i) in increasing the efficiency of business processes; ii) in adjusting the business reorientation; iii) in adjustment of business strategy. All employees from different hierarchical levels are aware the contribution and effectiveness of controlling in the corona crisis. This research is the basis for further research on role of controlling in times of crises.
IDENTIFIKASI PARASIT USUS DAN SEL DARAH PADA FESES BALITA GIZI BURUK DI MULYOREJO KECAMATAN TIRTO KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN
Authors: Suparyati Tuti
Published: June 2022

Nutrients come from food consumed through the digestion process such as absorption, transportation, storage and metabolism. Malnutrition during the golden age (under five years old) is irreversible, malnutrition affects brain development.

Malnutrition caused by less consumption of food and infectious diseases. Intestinal infection by parasites is one of the types of infectious diseases in toddlers that can cause malabsorption of nutrients and reduce appetite. In addition, intestinal infections can also cause injury, so that blood cells are obtained in the feces. These all increase the risk of malnutrition.

This research aim to find  intestinal parasitic infection and blood cells in malnourished toddlers in Mulyorejo, Tirto District, Pekalongan Regency.

The research method is descriptive, to describe the results of feces examination, data collection by feces examination in the laboratory, using the direct method and centrifugation to get intestinal parasites. The population in this research were all malnourished toddlers in Mulyorejo in August 2019 with 8 of total respondents. For sample using total sampling of all respondents.

The results is intestinal parasitic infections were not found in 8 samples tested, intestinal protozoa 0 (0%) and intestinal worms from group soil transmitted helminth 0 (0%). Examination of blood cells, found 2 feces samples (25%) contain with normal leukocytes and 6 samples (75%) exceeded from normal limits. Other than that, 0 feces samples (0%) with normal erythrocytes and 8 samples (100%) exceeded from normal limits.
The conclusions of this research is intestinal parasitic infections such as intestinal protozoa 0 (0%) and intestinal worms 0 (0%) were not found in 8 samples tested, but blood cells were present with exceeded from normal limits.
PENGALAMAN PERAWAT MENGATASI DAMPAK HOSPITALISASI PADA ANAK
Authors: Vianti Remilda Armika
Published: June 2022

Hospitalization is a process for a reason or an emergency. This process requires the child to stay in the hospital. Hospitalization can cause anxiety and fear to all levels of age of children and parents. Fear and anxiety because of injury to the body, new environment and separation. This condition will affect children development. Nurse's role in minimizing the stress on the children as a result of hospitalization is very important, so that nurses need to understand the concept of the stress of hospitalization and nursing care principles through approach to meet development of positive effects and to minimize the negative effects of hospitalization. The aim of the study is to discover experience of nurses in overcoming the impact of hospitalization on children in Dr. M.Ashari PemalangGeneral Hospital, by taking sample of 6 participants. This study uses qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, the data obtained with in-depth interview and recorded using ic recorder with the consent of the respondent. The data obtained and then is classified by thema This study showed that 1) nurse understand the fear and anxiety, 2) the reaction of children to hospitalization, 3) nurse’s response to children with hospitalization, 4) barriers to cope with the child’s hospitalization, 5) difficulty facility, 6) efforts to nurse the children cope with hospitalization, 7) nurse child support adaptation. Advice nurse increased efforts implementing adaptation model of nursing care S.C.Roy and caring K.M. Swanson.
PENGARUH EDUKASI PENCEGAHAN RISIKO JATUH TERHADAP PRAKTIK KELUARGA DALAM MENCEGAH JATUH PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RSUD KABUPATEN BATANG
Authors: Yuniarsih Sri Mumpuni , Prihadi Prihadi , Martani Rahajeng Win
Published: June 2022

Background: prevention of the risk of falling is a form of patient safety for inpatients. This prevention must be the concern of both the nurse and the family. Families need education to obtain information on how to prevent the risk of falling so that they can be implemented properly.  Purpose of the study: to determine the effect of fall risk prevention education on family practices in preventing the risk of falling inpatients at Batang Hospital. Methods: The research design used was a quasy experiment with a one group pre-post test approach. The sample in this study were 86 patients with the risk of falling at the Batang District Hospital. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling technique. The instrument in this study used a check list / observation sheet. The data analysis used was the Wilcoxon test. The results of the study: different test results with the Wilcoxon test with p value: 0.000 which means that there is an effect of prevention education on family practice in preventing the risk of falling in hospitalized patients at RSUD Batang. Good knowledge will also influence good attitudes and actions. Suggestion: Families should practice fall risk prevention to reduce the incidence of falls that cause injury to the patient. 
PENERAPAN GREEN CHEMISTRY PADA DETEKSI KANDUNGAN PEWARNA BERBAHAYA (RHODAMIN B) PADA PRODUK KOSMETIK YANG BEREDAR DI WILAYAH PEKALONGAN
Authors: Khasanah Kharimatul , Rusmalina Siska , Safira Dhea , Setyorini Eka Ari , Amanah Nila
Published: June 2022

Cosmetics play an important role for a woman so that many women do various ways to beautify themselves, including by using cosmetics. In the era of globalization, people's cosmetic needs are increasing, so the circulation of cosmetic products tends to increase. This triggers competition among producers to offer superior products that can attract consumers. This competition is the cause of the emergence of unscrupulous producers to abuse active substances that are prohibited in cosmetics such as rhodamine B dye. its use is prohibited because the impact can be detrimental to the user. The purpose of this study was to determine the Rhodamine B dye in cosmetic preparations in several types of preparations circulating in the Pekalongan Region. In this study, descriptive research method was used, namely qualitative identification of samples in the laboratory using thin layer chromatography to determine the presence of Rhodamine B dye by applying the concept of Green Chemistry. In principle, Green Chemistry is an effort to apply research methods that develop chemical processes and environmentally friendly chemical products. The results of the study stated that from 17 samples, 3 samples were declared positive for containing Rhodamine B in the samples coded BB, LC and ED. The research results obtained can be used as a reference for the public to be more careful and thorough in choosing cosmetics.
STRATEGI AKSELERASI PENURUNAN STUNTING WILAYAH PESISIR KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN
Authors: Susanti Nur , Priharwanti Ardiana , Vianti Remilda Armika
Published: June 2022

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem caused by lack of nutritional intake for a long time, resulting in growth disorders in children, namely the child's height is lower or shorter than the standard age. The incidence of stunting in Indonesia is ranked fifth in the world, where 38 percent of the total number of children under five are stunted. The number of stunting rates in Pekalongan Regency is still quite high, recorded in 2020 from 10.316 children under five who were weighed, as many as 1.631 toddlers or 15.81 percent, although this was better than 2019, which recorded 21.43 percent of toddlers suffering from stunting. Stunting. The research objectives are to identify stunting problems in coastal areas, identify efforts and health programs that have been carried out related to the SUN (Scaling up Nutrition) program, and analyse the SWOT efforts and health programs that have been carried out as an effort to handle stunting reduction acceleration. The research design used by the writer was exploratory research with a qualitative approach supported by statistical data by triangulation of sources through in-depth interviews with key informants, and accompanying informants to seek apperceptions of various sources. The research instrument used guidance interviewing. The location of this research was in Jeruk Sari, Tegal Dowo and Karang Jompo villages. The results of the research on Handling Stunting through the SUN (Scaling up Nutrition) program in the three research areas (Jeruk Sari Village, Tegal Dowo Village and Karang Jompo Village) have been carried out quite well. Several SUN programs were carried out in the form of giving PMT, measuring toddlers, giving PMT to high-risk mothers and also Posyandu activities and mother's classes. Based on the results of in-depth interviews with triangulated informants, it was stated that the implementation of the program was more of a specific nutrition intervention. Sanitation improvements due to the tidal wave are still getting attention considering the condition of the third region being in an area affected by the tidal wave throughout the year. Culture and public trust are also considered as obstacles in accelerating stunting handling programs. The writer concludes that the SUN program that has been carried out in the three research areas is still in the form of specific nutrition interventions, namely interventions in the form of giving PMT to toddlers and pregnant women with rest and measuring toddlers. Sensitive nutrition interventions are still not optimally carried out. It is necessary to increase good cooperation between other cross-sectors so that the acceleration of stunting handling can be carried out.
MIN in Rural and Urban Areas: Implementation of Talking Stick Learning Model in Al-Qur’an Hadith Subject
Authors: Alimni Alimni , Amin Alfauzan
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the tolerance character of students by applying the talking stick MIN model in Bengkulu Selatan district and MIN students in Bengkulu city. This type of research was mixed-method research using an explanatory design. The sampling technique in this study was total sampling. Collecting data in this study used a tolerance character questionnaire distributed to students from class IV MIN 1 Bengkulu City, class IV MIN 2 Bengkulu City students, grade IV students of MIN 1 South Bengkulu Regency MIN 2 South Bengkulu Regency, which totaled 100 students. Data analysis used the Independent Samples T-test and descriptive statistics. The results of this study indicated that the sig (2-tailed) Independent T-test value is 0.162 ≥0.05, so Ho was accepted, and Ha was rejected, meaning that there was  no significant difference between the average scores of students' tolerance character in MIN Bengkulu Selatan Regency (rural area area) and MIN Kota Bengkulu (Urban area area) where both schools implemented cooperative learning model of talking stick type in Al-Qur'an Hadith subject. Based on the results of interviews, after applying the talking stick model, students felt happy and excited while learning because learning was not dull, so that students also more easily understood the learning materials presented by the teacher.
Implementation of Character Education at Madrasahs and Integrated Islamic Schools in Central Kalimantan
Authors: Surawan Surawan , Syabrina Muhammad , El Bilad Cecep Zakariyas , Azmy Asmail
Published: June 2022

This study aims to describe the implementation of character education at  the  madrasahs and  integrated Islamic schools,   namely  at: SDIT Al-Ghazali, MIN 1 Palangka Raya, SMP-IT Al-Ghazali, MTsN 1 Palangka Raya, SMA-IT Hasanka and MAN Kapuas. The principals, teachers, parents and students were the research informants. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interview, and documentary study. The triangulation was used to check the trustworthiness of the data. The results showed that the implementation of discipline was by giving rewards and punishments according to school rules; honesty by using the Kantin Kejujuran and some CCTV, while hard work by using school assignments, group study and student work. Supporting and inhibiting factors include teachers, parents, students and the school environment. This finding confirms that schools have their own ways in applying character education based on each of their vision, need and condition. Any future research can be more directed at implementing character in Islamic madrasahs/schools, families, and communities so that they are able to provide role models and scientific treasures in this issue, considering that character is very important, especially in this age of character crisis among students.
Issues in the Implementing of Online Learning in Islamic Higher Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Junaedi Mahfud , Nasikhin Nasikhin , Hasanah Silviatul
Published: June 2022

Our research aims to find out the problems experienced by students and lecturers in the implementation of online learning, during the Covid-19 pandemic and efforts to overcome styles in universities. Qualitative descriptive approaches and exploratory case studies were used to collect data from students and lecturers at the State Islamic University of Walisongo Indonesia. This study shows that the implementation of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in the learning system that have led to a new lecture paradigm that can be highlighted in four sub-scales including the level of saturation, seriousness and participation in learning, learning motivation, and the level of intellectual satisfaction. Meanwhile, the efforts made by lecturers in overcoming this problem are by maximizing the use of learning technology tools, modifying certain learning methods such as project based learning, integrated curriculum, and blended learning. This study contributes to research on pedagogy and online learning by clarifying the role of lecturers in finding problem solving problems faced by students.
Role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Egorov E.A. , Korelina V.E. ,   LLC "American Medical Clinic", St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Cherednichenko D.V. ,   N.P. Bekhtereva Institute of the Human Brain, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Gazizova I.R. ,   N.P. Bekhtereva Institute of the Human Brain, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

This article reviews recent studies on the etiology and pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). POAG is now considered a neurodegenerative disease associated with neuroinflammation. Neuroglia plays a key role in the development of neuroinflammation. In impaired homeostasis, microglia is activated to prevent retinal alterations triggered by glutamate excitotoxicity. Macrophages, being still active, release cytokines in the extracellular space and produce matrix metalloproteinases. The result is an increased degradation of collagen fibers of the lamina cribrosa and development of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Macroglia (astrocytes and Muller cells) are also involved in retinal immunoregulation. Astrocytes produce neurotrophic brain factor which promote the survival of damaged neurons. Additionally, these cells secrete fibrillar proteins that regenerate the extracellular matrix but form a glial scar, thereby inhibiting axonal transport and limiting the regeneration of damaged axons. The activation of microglia and macroglia in glaucoma precedes the loss of retinal ganglion cells. Determining the activity of retinal ganglion cells helps identify specific biomarkers of early glaucoma. Early diagnosis of POAG prevents irreversible damage. The authors discuss potential ways to regulate the activity of glia by stimulating the release of neurotrophic factors and suppressing glia hyperactivity. Keywords: primary open-angle glaucoma, neurodegenerative disease, neuroinflammation, macroglia, microglia, neurotrophic factors. For citation: Egorov E.A., Korelina V.E., Cherednichenko D.V., Gazizova I.R. Role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(2):116–121 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-116-121
EVALUASI UI/UX PADA GAME VALORANT MENGGUNAKAN METODE ENHANCED COGNITIVE WALKTHROUGH
Authors: Kusumawardana Bagas , Adnan Fahrobby , Dharmawan Tio
Published: June 2022

Permainan ialah sebuah kegiatan hiburan yang bertujuan mengisi waktu luang. Salah satu publisher dan developer di industri games, yakni Riot Games mempunyai salah satu permainan yang dinamai Valorant. Valorant merupakan game kompetitif 5 vs 5. Game ini berjenis First-Person Shooter, berjenis game-game shooter kompetitif. Dibalik kesuksesan itu ada satu hal penting yang mendasari sebuah game bisa menjadi terkenal dan sukses dipasaran, yakni user experience dan User Interface. User experience ialah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang kenyamanan sebuah produk di mata penggunanya. Salah satu metode untuk evaluasi Interface yakni Metode Enhanced Cognitive Walkthrough, metode ini merupakan metode evaluasi sebuah aplikasi dengan cara memberikan skenario tugas dan beberapa pertanyaan yang akan ditanyakan kepada pengguna untuk mengetahui adanya permasalahan atau tidak dalam menggunakan aplikasi. Penggunaan metode ini bisa menilai seberapa mudah aplikasi tersebut saat dioperasikan langsung oleh pengguna. Partisipan   pengujian   yang   dipilih   dalam    penelitian ini  yakni pengguna game Valorant yang sudah memainkan game Valorant dan pengguna yang belum pernah memainkan game Valorant. Jumlah partisipan pengujian yang akan digunakan berjumlah 20 yang dibagi 10 pengguna game Valorant yang  sudah  memainkan  game  Valorant  dan  10 pengguna yang belum pernah memainkan game Valorant. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan bisa memberikan saran perbaikan sebagai bahan pertimbangan bagi publisher dan developer untuk melakukan perbaikan.
The importance of forests in the conservation and prevalence of orchids in Megamexico
Authors: Gutiérrez Rodríguez Brandon Eduardo
Published: June 2022

Objective: To describe the threats to forests and the repercussions that these imply for the maintenance and conservation of orchids in their natural habitat.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A comprehensive reference search on orchids and their habitats was performed. The physiological and morphological characteristics of orchids in Megamexico are described according to their life forms; additionally, the way in which these adaptations respond to the environment in which they thrive is explained. In this regard, threats to orchids and forests are listed. Therefore, emphasis is placed on the implications that habitat loss would have for the prevalence of many orchid species in this biogeographical region.
Results: The humid forests of the mountain ranges of Megamexico host an impressive orchid richness, where there are far more epiphytic life forms than terrestrial ones. However, these ecosystems face a major threat from anthropogenic activities. As a result of the constant threats faced by forests —such as deforestation, arsons, land use change, etc.—, epiphytic orchids are the most threatened species, due to the loss of their habitat and the ecological requirements they need to survive.
Study Limitations/Implications: This study describes the threats to many orchid species as a result of habitat loss and illegal looting.
Findings/Conclusions: Forest conservation is vital for orchid maintenance and conservation because genetic diversity and ecological interactions among orchid species and other organisms are maintained.
Agroecological production experiences in four agricultural regions of Mexico
Authors: HERNANDEZ BENJAMIN , Schwentesius-Rinderman Rita , Rivas-García Tomás
Published: June 2022

Objective: To analyze experiences with various activities and practices carried out in different agroecologicalregions of Mexico, involving diverse crops, but excluding the use of chemicals.Design/Methodology/Approach: Surveys were conducted in four agricultural regions of Mexico (Texcoco,Estado de México; Vicente Guerrero, Tlaxcala; Michoacan; and Tetela del Volcán, Morelos); they tackled abroad description, background, inputs, and agroecological practices, in order to enable a descriptive analysis.Results: Out of all the agroecological units, 60% are ejidos and 40% are small private properties. Producersare between 25 and 68 years old. Plots range from 0.50 to 20 ha. The main crops are corn (Zea mays ssp. mays)and avocado (Persea americana Mill.). Forty-five percent of the crops are rainfed and 36% are irrigated/rainfed.Half of the producers perform crop rotation, while 40% prefers crop association. After 15 years of experience,the number of producers who did not use chemical herbicides increased from 59% to 95%. Crop nutrition isbased on such elements as compost (27%) and manure (23%). Fifty percent of the producers manage pests anddiseases through agroecological practices. Sixty-eight-point-two percent receive technical advice, while 77.3%are familiar with the decree to phase out the use of glyphosate.Study Limitations/Implications: Currently, 13.6% of producers are still transitioning and continue toperform chemical control of pests and diseases, as well as chemical fertilization.Findings/Conclusions: It is indeed possible to produce crops and obtain healthy food while caring forbiodiversity, making use of environmental-friendly local resources, and achieving soil conservation.
Method of step-by-step development of a mathematical model of the process of separating impurities from root crops
Authors: Pankiv Maria , Pidhurskyi Mykola , Pylypets Mykhailo , Babii Andrii , Burda Myroslav
Published: June 2022

Harvesting root crops, such as large sugar and fodder beetroots, and long-term chicory roots is a technologically complex and ambiguous technological process. It consists of different structural successive technological operations of pruning, digging roots, cleaning the dug heap from impurities, loading clean roots into the hopper or in vehicles moving near the root harvester. The aim of the study is to increase the efficiency of the process of harvesting roots by analyzing existing approaches to mathematical simulation of the technological process of separating impurities from roots. The developed mathematical model allows describing at the highest-level more precisely the process of gradual separation of variously structured components of impurities from root crops by each cleaning working body, which are constituent units of technical systems of root-harvesting machines. The proposed mathematical model can be used to optimize the parameters of the working bodies and other processes, in particular for the separation of the harvested grain heap, preparatory processes of seed, and so on.
Mathematical modeling of heat exchange processes when heating metal in a furnace
Authors: Aulin Viktor , Bosiy Mykola , Kropivnyi Volodymyr , Kuzyk Olexandr , Kropivna Alena
Published: June 2022

The article presents a mathematical model of the heat transfer process when heating metal in a furnace, which describes the thermophysical processes that occur when using industrial technology for heating castings. A simplified model of convective and radiant heating of metal in a furnace, which is based on conventional differential equations, allows to calculate the heating time of the metal. It allows you to evaluate the process of heating the metal in the furnace and find its optimal parameters. The model is widely used and can be applied to study the process of heating the casting of any metal or alloy in the furnace. The adequacy of the model is confirmed by comparing the obtained results of estimating the parameters of the model with experimental data.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Parenting Programs in Reducing Parenting Stress in Parents of Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tumthammarong Chanakarn , Pornnoppadol Chanvit , Atsariyasing Wanlop
Published: June 2022

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based parenting programs in reducing parenting stress in parents of children and adolescents with ADHD.Materials and Methods: Studies published in English or Thai before February 2020 were identified through the PubMed, Embase, and Thai-Journal Citation Index databases. Studies were included if they used mindfulness-based parenting interventions for parents of children and adolescents with ADHD, and parenting stress was measured. The risk of bias was evaluated with the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool for randomized trials, and with theROBIN-I tool for non-randomized studies.Results: Six studies were included. The 2 randomized controlled trials reported significant reductions in parenting stress in the intervention groups compared with the control groups at post-test, and this effect was maintained at the 8-week follow-up of one of the studies. However, the 4 pre-experimental studies reported conflicting results. Two reported significant reductions in parenting stress from pre- to post-intervention, with one of those studies reporting a further reduction in parental stress at the 6-week follow-up. In contrast, another study reported a significant reduction in parental stress from pre- to post-intervention for fathers but not mothers; this effect was maintained at the 8-week follow-up. The fourth study reported no significant changes in parental stress from preto post-intervention. A meta-analysis of 3 studies demonstrated no significant changes in parenting stress from pre- to post-intervention.Conclusion: The effectiveness of mindfulness-based parenting programs in reducing parenting stress in parents of children and adolescents with ADHD is still inconclusive, although promising. Further studies are needed.
Automatically Diagnosing Skull Fractures Using an Object Detection Method and Deep Learning Algorithm in Plain Radiography Images
Authors: Jeong Tae Seok , Yee Gi Taek , Kim Kwang Gi , Kim Young Jae , Lee Sang Gu , Kim Woo Kyung
Published: June 2022

Objective : Deep learning is a machine learning approach based on artificial neural network training, and object detection algorithm using deep learning is used as the most powerful tool in image analysis. We analyzed and evaluated the diagnostic performance of a deep learning algorithm to identify skull fractures in plain radiographic images and investigated its clinical applicability.Methods : A total of 2026 plain radiographic images of the skull (fracture, 991; normal, 1035) were obtained from 741 patients. The RetinaNet architecture was used as a deep learning model. Precision, recall, and average precision were measured to evaluate the deep learning algorithm’s diagnostic performance.Results : In ResNet-152, the average precision for intersection over union (IOU) 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5, were 0.7240, 0.6698, and 0.3687, respectively. When the intersection over union (IOU) and confidence threshold were 0.1, the precision was 0.7292, and the recall was 0.7650. When the IOU threshold was 0.1, and the confidence threshold was 0.6, the true and false rates were 82.9% and 17.1%, respectively. There were significant differences in the true/false and false-positive/false-negative ratios between the anteriorposterior, towne, and both lateral views (p=0.032 and p=0.003). Objects detected in false positives had vascular grooves and suture lines. In false negatives, the detection performance of the diastatic fractures, fractures crossing the suture line, and fractures around the vascular grooves and orbit was poor.Conclusion : The object detection algorithm applied with deep learning is expected to be a valuable tool in diagnosing skull fractures.
DEVELOPMENT OF A VISUAL SEMANTIC WEB ONTOLOGY BASED LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria, Peter Ozioma Uzoma , Bethran Chibuike Amanze ,   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria, Alphonsus Onyekachi Agbakwuru ,   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria, V.C Agbasonu ,   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria
Published: June 2022

This paper specifically aim at developing a visual semantic web ontology based e-Learning management system. The existing e-learning platforms have failed to address some challenges including managing the huge e-Learning content that is continuously grows on the web, meeting the learner's requirements when searching for an electronic learning content, representing the knowledge in a format that is easy to read and making it capable of thinking and thus allowing the re-use of e-Learning objects. In addition, most search results contain some irrelevant documents that cannot serve the need of the learner. Therefore, this thesis designed a common interface for learners, instructors, and administrators of academic institutions to upload and access learning materials. The new system created an ontology repository to maintain learners’ personalization details and taxonomy of the learning resources and integrate the knowledge embedded in many remote ontologies for improved e -Learning management system. In addition, an intelligent search engine through which learners can semantically search their learning materials and filter the search results returned by the search engine based on some semantics and the user’s preferences created. These designs simulated using a web-system developed with PHP, MySQL and JavaScript. The System Design followed the Object Oriented Design and Analysis Methodology for componentization of the system modules giving room for coupling, decoupling, modification, encapsulation and reuse, as well as easy maintainability. Unified Modeling Language extensively used to simplify the explanation of the system modules. The software performance wastested; the result shows that visual semantic web ontology-based e-Learning management system achieved 95% accuracy in returning the desired web search result.