bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
БОРОТЬБА З ОРГАНІЗОВАНОЮ ЗЛОЧИННІСТЮ В ПОСТРАДЯНСЬКІЙ УКРАЇНІ: НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ, ІСТОРІЯ, РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ (1990-ті рр.)
Authors: МАЛЮК Василь , СКОРИЧ Лілія
Published: October 2024

Мета дослідження – розкрити поняття та з’ясувати форми діяльності організованої злочинності (OЗ) в Україні у 1990-х рр. Методологія дослідження. У роботі використані загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи, зокрема завдяки історико-правовому методу розкрито концептуальні засади поняття ОЗ, подано його історіографічну характеристику, проаналізовано законодавство; застосовані системно-структурний та формально-логічні методи дозволили здійснити аналіз суспільно-політичних передумов, які вплинули на появу та актуалізацію ОЗ протягом 1990-х рр., а також виокремлено особливості організованих злочинних організацій. Наукова новизна. Розуміння особливостей української ОЗ в ширшому теоретичному зрізі є важливим для розробки якісної кримінологічної науки. Відтак в умовах війни Росії проти України відбувається зростання рівня злочинності, а тому важливим є теоретичне та практичне дослідження ретроспективи ОЗ протягом 1990-х pp. Висновки. На основі проведеної систематизації матеріалів української та зарубіжної історіографії, нормативно-правової бази України подана комплексна характеристика процесу боротьби з ОЗ у 1990-х pp. Здійснено концептуалізацію понять “організована злочинність”, “транснаціональна організована злочинність”. ОЗ та корупція були одними із найбільш загрозливими проблемами для української державності 1990-х pp. Адже після здобуття незалежності Україна перебувала на транзитному етапі встановлення інститутів демократичного ладу. Констатовано, що пострадянська ОЗ в Україні є продовженням радянської системи, однак для української злочинності характерними є першість певної організації на конкретній території. Проаналізувавши нормативно-правові акти 1990-х pp., можна зробити висновки, що діяльність спеціальних підрозділів міліції у боротьбі із ОЗ унормовувалася великою кількістю нормативно-правових актів, однак конкретна правотворча діяльність потребувала більш системного підходу.
Synthesis, Identification, and Study of the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Some New 2,5-Disubstituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives
Authors: Ali Rana Abid , Al-Tamimi Entesar O. , Abdul Wadood Shatha
Published: October 2024

This study includes the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole 3-12 on creatinine derivatives that have antioxidant and microbial properties. The reaction of creatinine with hydrazine hydrate in absolute ethanol was successfully achieved to afford hydrazide derivatives 1,2. The desired 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles 3-12 were obtained by the reaction of hydrazide derivatives with different aliphatic and aromatic acid derivatives in the presence of POCl3. FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy were used to determine the structures of some compounds. The antioxidant activity of compounds 8, 9, 11, and 12, and the antimicrobial activity of compounds 1, 5, 11, and 12 were tested in vitro and showed good results.
Interleukin-33 Levels are Up-Regulated in Women with Breast Cancer and Shown to be Associated with the Triple-Negative Type
Authors: Khalaf Aseel F. , Ismaeel Haneen M. , Khazaal Ali Q. , Ad'hiah Ali H.
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer (BC) is a diverse disease with heterogeneous subgroups in pathophysiology and behavior. Recent advances in biomarker-based therapy may help improve treatment options for BC. Thus, this study aimed to assess the role of interleukin (IL)-31 and IL-33 as biomarkers associated with BC risk. Serum concentrations of IL-31 and IL-33 were quantified in women with BC (n = 77), women with benign breast lesion (BBL; n = 51), and healthy women (n = 75), using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Compared with BBL or healthy women, IL-33 concentrations were significantly greater in BC patients and were associated with a 1.33-fold increased risk of disease and had excellent prognostic value in BC (area under the curve = 0.89). In addition, IL-33 expression was linked to triple-negative BC, distant metastasis, Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage, status of estrogen and progesterone receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. IL-31 concentrations showed no significant differences between BC, BBL, and healthy women, but were greater in patients with distant metastasis and those who were negative for estrogen and progesterone receptors.  In conclusion, IL-33 and to a lesser extent IL-31 can be used as biomarkers associated with BC risk and to identify patients with a poor prognosis especially those with triple-negative BC. Furthermore, understanding the connection between IL-33 and BC progression may aid in the development of safe and effective therapy.
A Comparative Study of the Amylin Hormone Levels in the Sera of Hypothyroidism Patients with and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Abed Baydaa Ahmed , Farhan Layla Othman , Al Sabbagh Ahmed Abduljabar , Salman Isam N.
Published: October 2024

The study was designed to compare amylin hormone levels and some biochemical parameters in the serum of Iraqi patient with hypothyroidism (hypo) with and without Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study included ninety subjects and was divided into two patient groups: group I, which included 30 hypo without T2DM, and group II, which included 30 hypo with T2DM. Group III included 30 apparently healthy controls. The age range is 40-60 years. A significant increase in body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglyceride (TG), amylin hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in patients with hypo and hypo with T2DM (groups I and II) when compared to healthy controls (group III), and a significant decrease in the level of HDL in patient groups (I and II) when compared to healthy control groups. The amylin hormone receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed a clear cut-off value (45.304 and 2) when calculated in hypo with and without T2DM compared with control groups, respectively. While the ROC curve showed a clear cut-off value (50.661) when compared in hypo with and without T2DM groups. Amylin is a hormone marker of glucose homeostasis, so it may be surrogate novel biomarker for all other traditional biomarkers for the prediction of diabetes and thyroid dysfunction.
Correlation between the Mechanical Properties and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Human Teeth
Authors: Dakhil Suhad .S. , Hamad Tagreed .K.
Published: October 2024

The present study investigates the correlation between mechanical properties and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for different tooth samples. A set of Fourteen samples collected from the Al-Kut Specialized Dental Centre in Wasit Governorate was analysed. Tooth samples were divided into groups depending on age and gender (men, women). The optical emission of the ionic-to- atomic intensity ratio of the Ca spectral line has been correlated with Leeb hardness test (LHT) values, compressive strength, and Young's modulus measured by standard tools. The ratio ionic line to atomic line CaII / CaI between the ionic calcium line at 396.84 nm and the atomic line at 558.87 nm for teeth is obtained using LIBS technique employing Nd: YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm, an energy of 200 Mj, and a pulse duration of 10 ns. A linear relationship was observed between compressive strength, Young's modulus and hardness, and the concentrations of the elements (Ca). The small relative errors for hardness, compressive strength, and Young's modulus ranged from (1.44-5.57) %, (1.94-6.07) %, and (0.243-4.01) %, respectively. These findings validate applying LIBS to check out some important mechanical properties.
I-ω^*-Continuous and I-ω^*- Open Functions
Authors: Hessean Nawroz O. , Darwesh Halgwrd M. , Namiq Sarhad F.
Published: October 2024

In ideal topological space, we define and study a new class of functions known as I-ω^*-continuous functions by using  I-ω^*-open sets. This idea is stronger than each of the classes (ω-continuous,  ωb-continous,  α-I_ω-continuous,  pre-I_ω-continuous,  β-I_ω-continuous, faintly- ω-continuous, slightly- ω-continuous, 〖 I〗_ω-c-continuous).  Furthermore, relationships between this class and other relevant classes of functions are investigated, and some characterizations of this new class of functions are studied. Finally, we introduce the  I-ω^*- open function as an extension of the ω- open function through I-ω^*-open sets, and some results are provided.
Dynamics of a Delayed Prey-Predator System With Crowley-Martin Functional Response
Authors: Abas Bryar Khdhir , Hassan Kawa Ahmad
Published: October 2024

ln this paper, an ecological predator-prey model with time delay is proposed and studied analytically and numerically. The stability and bifurcation analysis of the proposed model with a Crowley-Martin response function are covered in this article. In the beginning, equilibrium points of the proposed model are identified. Secondly, the local asymptotic stability of the equilibria and Hopf-bifurcation are discussed by the characteristic equations of the system. Finally, by creating a suitable Lyapunov function and LaSalle’s invariance principle, the equilibria's global asymptotic stability is examined.
A Survey on Detecting Deep Fakes Using Advanced AI-Based Approaches
Authors: Abdulhamed Mohamed Abdulrahman , Hashim Asaad Noori
Published: October 2024

Today, artificial intelligence is used to clone human faces, which leads to a new technology known as “deepfakes.” Recently, machine learning (ML) approaches and the use of deep learning (DL) networks have captured researchers' competition to achieve the highest classification accuracy in building efficient models for digital content deepfake detection. Therefore, this review analyzes and compares existing deepfake detection methods based on advanced artificial intelligence algorithms. Thus, deepfake detection techniques were classified into three major categories based on the classifier model used (machine learning, deep learning, or hybrid) and then compared to show the aspects that influence the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithms. This research helps researchers develop efficient classification models for deepfake detection applications. Based on the survey information reviewed in this study, a discussion of open issues and future directions is presented. The most important challenges and research directions related to deepfake detection methods are discussed.
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Prediction by Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Authors: Ali Rasha H. , Abdulsalam Wisal Hashim
Published: October 2024

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting millions of people globally, is defined by symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention that can significantly affect an individual's daily life. The diagnostic process for ADHD is complex, requiring a combination of clinical assessments and subjective evaluations. However, recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have shown promise in predicting ADHD and providing an early diagnosis. In this study, we will explore the application of two AI techniques, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), in predicting ADHD using the Python programming language. The classification accuracies obtained were 96.5% and 93.47%, respectively, before applying balancing to the data. In addition, 98.59% and 97.18%, respectively, after applying the balancing technique The extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) technique had been applied to selecting the important features and the Pearson correlation for finding the correlation between features.
A Development of an IoT-Based Healthcare System Using Distributed Blockchain Technology
Authors: Mohammed Raad , Alubady Raaid , Al-Sherbaz Ali
Published: October 2024

Modern healthcare systems have two main sections: electronic health records (EHRs) and remote patient monitoring (RPM). With these sections, several issues have arisen related to comprehensiveness, which these sections lack in covering all the data information about the patient’s state, and other issues in privacy and security. Many types of research have been presented to solve these issues or mitigate their effects. One of these ideas is to use blockchain technology. However, some research may not utilize this technique properly, where data comprehensiveness problems remain and the preservation of individual nodes' data may be compromised. This paper introduces a new system called Patient Health Record (PHR), which will provide comprehensive patient health data and IoT device reading. PHR data is protected using a multi-peer, distributed, and decentralized system based on blockchain. A smart contract has been created for the system through which the PHR data will be cached in the blockchain. It is deployed on the Proof of Authority network to increase the speed of transaction processing, which is important in processing data for IoT devices. The proposed system is evaluated according to a range of metrics (cost, immutability, data storage, and estimated time) to validate the system.
Overlapping Structure Detection in Protein-Protein Interaction Networks Using a Modified Version of Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Abduljabbar Dhuha Abdulhadi , Abdulmunem Inas Ali
Published: October 2024

In today's world, the science of bioinformatics is developing rapidly, especially with regard to the analysis and study of biological networks. Scientists have used various nature-inspired algorithms to find protein complexes in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. These networks help scientists guess the molecular function of unknown proteins and show how cells work regularly. It is very common in PPI networks for a protein to participate in multiple functions and belong to many complexes, and as a result, complexes may overlap in the PPI networks. However, developing an efficient and reliable method to address the problem of detecting overlapping protein complexes remains a challenge since it is considered a complex and hard optimization problem. One of the main difficulties in identifying overlapping protein complexes is the accuracy of the partitioning results. In order to accurately identify the overlapping structure of protein complexes, this paper has proposed an overlapping complex detection algorithm termed OCDPSO-Net, which is based on PSO-Net (a well-known modified version of the particle swarm optimization algorithm). The framework of the OCDPSO-Net method consists of three main steps, including an initialization strategy, a movement strategy for each particle, and enhancing search ability in order to expand the solution space. The proposed algorithm has employed the partition density concept for measuring the partitioning quality in PPI network complexes and tried to optimize the value of this quantity by applying the line graph concept of the original graph representing the protein interaction network. The OCDPSO-Net algorithm is applied to a Collins PPI network and the obtained results are compared with different state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of precision ( ), recall ( ), and F-measure ( ). Experimental results confirm that the proposed algorithm has good clustering performance and has outperformed most of the existing recent overlapping algorithms.
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Effect of Atmospheric Mixing on Spectral Reflectivity in Sentinel Images of Baghdad Province
Authors: Hassan Eman S. , Hassoon Ahmed F. , Khanjer Ebtesam F.
Published: October 2024

The lowest layer of the atmosphere is called the atmospheric mixed layer, characterized by small-scale, irregular air motions defined by winds that change in speed and direction. Aerosol radiative effects impact the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), which holds most aerosols in the lower atmosphere. Aerosol absorption and scattering both lower the quantity of solar energy that reaches the ground, which has an impact on the spectral signature of the land coverings. In this study, 51 locations in downtown Baghdad were chosen for four different types of land cover (water bodies, farms, open areas, and residential areas) for Sentinel 2 satellite imagery, and the time the pictures were taken was 8:00 am ( 22 March, 22 June, 20 September, and 22 December) 2021. Their spectral reflectance was calculated at the NIR band using a mathematical equation in the ArcGIS program for Sentinel 2 satellite images that had been processed and analyzed. Also, atmospheric boundary layer height and solar radiation values were downloaded for the same date as the satellite images and compared with the spectral reflectivity values of the land covers(agriculture area, residential area, open area, and river) and knowing the effect of the mixing layer and solar radiation on the spectral reflectance values. The highest value of spectral reflectivity, mixing layer height, and solar radiation was in June at (0.065, 1965.524629, and 897.7088) respectively.  The spectral reflectivity of plants at near-infrared (NIR) was higher than the rest of the earth’s features because plants reflect near-infrared radiation and absorb the red and blue parts of the spectrum.
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 on the Correlation of Vitamin D with Lipid Profile in Iraqi Patients
Authors: Abu-Shana Jinan Hameed , Abdulkareem Nadia Ghassan , Jasim Ahmed Obaid , Abbood Yasameen Hussein
Published: October 2024

Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to several conditions, including type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is an effect of type 2 diabetes on the association between vitamin D level, glycemic indices, and lipid profiles. The study was conducted at Al-Noamman Hospital, included 257 patients with type 2 diabetes and 40 healthy participants of both sexes with matching ages ranging from 26 to 80 years. The lipid profile, postprandial glucose (PPG), HbA1C, and serum vitamin D were measured. The results showed that 89 (34.6%) of diabetics have vitamin D insufficiency (less than 30 ng/mL). 155 diabetic patients (uncontrolled glycemic) with elevated HbA1C (9.07% ± 2.5), and from those, about 33.5% have vitamin D insufficiency; they are of age ≥ 55 years, 58.1% female, and 41.9% male, and they have a significant correlation (r = 0.17, P < 0.05) between HbA1C and vitamin D. All diabetic patients who are classified according to HbA1C subgroups have highly significant correlations (P < 0.01) among age and vitamin D; cholesterol with VLDL and LDL; and TG with VLDL. In controlled diabetes patients (HbA1C ˂ 5.7%), a highly significant correlation was found between HDL and vitamin D (r = 0.50, P ˂ 0.01(. We conclude that vitamin D level is highly significantly related to age and sex in diabetic patients who displayed highly significant dyslipidemia and were associated with 34.6% vitamin D insufficiency (significantly with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients).
El ciberespacio como variable habilitante para la movilización de masas y desestabilización del orden público en Colombia
Authors: Benjumea Gutiérrez Diego Fernando
Published: October 2024

La movilización de masas en Colombia ha sido una práctica constante en el último tiempo, el cual actualmente es ejercido a través del ciberespacio entendido como un lugar sin límites terrestres, sin horarios, sin restricciones, multilingual, anónimo, democrático, libre y con comunicación simultánea, masiva y rápida.La movilización de masas virtuales se agrupa y se ejerce en las redes sociales en donde se establecen relaciones sociales, se comparten valores, ideales, sentimientos y se convierte en la pizarra digital para manifestar las disconformidades sociales, políticas, económicas y tratar de hacer cumplir derechos y acuerdos con los gobiernos.En el presente trabajo se estudia el ciberespacio como el medio utilizado por las citadas masas para perturbar el orden público en Colombia.
Entrevista a Steven Jones-Chaljub. El ciberespacio humano: retos y perspectivas Energy
Authors: Cristancho Rodríguez Fabián
Published: October 2024

Magister en Seguridad Internacional, University of Warwick, Reino Unido. Magister en Estudios Estratégicos, Nanyang Technological University, Singapur. Profesional en Negocios Internacionales, Universidad EAFIT. Se ha desempeñado como consultor en estudios internacionales para dife­rentes tanques de pensamiento. Fue docente e investigador en la Escuela Superior de Guerra “General Rafael Reyes Prieto”, y asesor de Fuerzas Militares de Colombia y el Ministerio de Defensa Nacional.
Bioactive metabolites of Moringa oleifera (Sahjan) with functional activities
Authors: Fatima Shifat , Usmani Minhaj Akhtar , Srivastava Arvind K.
Published: October 2024

Moringa oleifera, an arboreal member of the Moringaceae family native to the Indian subcontinent, has emerged recently as a promising source of bioactive metabolites with diverse functional activities. M. oleifera is not only a rich source of protein and many of the trace elements like calcium, iron and Vitamin A and C and the bioactive metabolites present in M. oleifera include flavonoids, alkaloids, glucosinolates, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. Additionally, the secondary metabolites of M. oleifera, exhibit various therapeutic potentials like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, neuroprotective, and anticancer effects. These findings underscore the importance of further research to fully harness the medicinal potential of these bioactive compounds, emphasizing the need to explore their molecular pathways and synergistic effects.
Sosialisasi Peran Kemasan Melalui Pendampingan Pendaftaran Desain Industri pada Kampung Tematik Waru Brilliant
Authors: Prihastomo Yoga , Suwita Jaka , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Rizfie Muhammad Dala , Dewi Wulan Rahma , Rukmana Andi , Yuniarti Angger Styo , Mustofa Mustofa
Published: October 2024

Kemasan produk memiliki peran penting dalam menarik perhatian konsumen dan meningkatkan daya saing produk, terutama bagi usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM). Di Kampung Tematik Waru Brilliant Desa Bojong Renged, UMKM yang sebagian besar bergerak di bidang produksi makanan dan kerajinan, menghadapi tantangan dalam hal kemasan yang kurang menarik dan tidak memenuhi standar pasar, sehingga menghambat potensi produk mereka untuk bersaing. Selain itu, minimnya pengetahuan mengenai pendaftaran desain industri menjadi kendala bagi pelaku usaha dalam melindungi inovasi kemasan mereka, yang dapat berkontribusi pada penambahan nilai produk. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini melibatkan pendekatan partisipatif dan kolaboratif dengan UMKM setempat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan dalam pemahaman dan keterampilan UMKM terkait kemasan dan pendaftaran desain industri. Program ini tidak hanya berhasil meningkatkan kualitas kemasan dan kesadaran akan pentingnya perlindungan hukum melalui pendaftaran desain industri, tetapi juga mendorong peningkatan nilai tambah produk yang berkontribusi pada penguatan ekonomi lokal.
Pengembangan Penelitian Membantu Masyarakat (P2M2): Menciptakan dan Menguatkan Kesadaran Hukum di Masyarakat
Authors: Hafizd Jefik Zulfikar , Rana Mohamad , Rita Rita , Aryanti Agustina , Mubarok M. Zaki , Putri Zelanti Deviana , Ikhsan Ikhsan
Published: October 2024

Kegiatan Pengembangan Penelitian Membantu Masyarakat (P2M2) bertujuan untuk menciptakan dan menguatkan kesadaran hukum di kalangan masyarakat Desa Kejiwan, Kecamatan Susukan, Kabupaten Cirebon. Melalui pendekatan seminar interaktif, kegiatan ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang peraturan desa dan hukum yang berlaku, serta pentingnya partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam penegakan hukum. Dengan melibatkan berbagai elemen masyarakat, termasuk perangkat desa, pelajar, dan mahasiswa, kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran hukum dan mendorong masyarakat untuk lebih peduli terhadap hak dan kewajiban mereka sebagai warga negara. Dukungan penuh dari Jurusan Hukum Tatanegara Islam, Perangkat dan Kepala Desa Susukan, serta LPBHNU Kabupaten Cirebon menjadi kunci keberhasilan kegiatan ini. Kegiatan P2M2 ini juga menunjukkan pentingnya kolaborasi antara akademisi dan masyarakat dalam membangun komunitas yang lebih sadar hukum dan berkeadilan.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Sampah Rumah Tangga Sebagai Pembuatan Maggot (Black Soldier Fly ) Untuk Alternatif Pakan Ternak Ikan Lele pada Kelompok Tani Minasari Desa Mekasari Kecamatan Cipaku Kabupaten Ciamis
Authors: Rahayu Sinta Puspa , Sunarti Neti , Fajari Ilham , Setiawati Nanda Alinda Alinda
Published: October 2024

Program Kemitraan Masyarakat Stimulus (PKMS) dengan menggunakan Focus Group Discusion (FGD) dengan Pemanfaatan limbah sampah rumah tangga sebagai alpembuatan maggot (Black Soldier Fly BSF) untuk alternatif pakan ikan lele bagi kelompok tani minasari yang bertempat di desa Mekasari kecamatan Cipaku kabupaten Ciamis Berdasarkan dari hasil analisis situasi, maka permasalahan yang paling  utama adalah yang Kelompok tani kurang memahami pengetahuan  dalam  memproses  pemanfaatan sisa sampah makanan dapur, Pembuatan kolam ternak lele  masih di campurkan dengan ikan jenis sisa sampah yang berserakan dijadikan sebagai pupuk tanpa proses pengolahan danTingginya penggunaan pakan komersial untuk pakan ikan lele berupa tepung ikan instan dengan harga yang relatif mahal. Oleh karena perlu adanya perubahan cara berpikir masyarakat pedesaan dengan memanfaatkan limbah sampah. Tujuan di berlakukannya PKM adalah membantu  perekonomian  masyarakat  dan pola hidup sehat  metode pelaksanaan melalui beberapa hal adalah sosialisasi kebersihan lingkungan, penyuluhan kegunaan sampah, pengenalan jenis sampah, pengembangan kesadaran masyarakat pola hidup sehat, dan pendampingan penataan kolam serta pengenalan media sosial alat untuk mempromosikan produksi yang di hasilkan. Dari pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini adalah dapat membantu perekonomian, mengatasi pengadaan pakan ternak dan menjaga kebersihan.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Difabel Melalui Konseling Pendidikan dan Screening Kesehatan Dalam Rangka Mendukung Program Indonesia Inklusif 2030
Authors: Susanto Edy , Muthoharoh Husnul , Rosdiana Silvi Rosiva , Aliyya Wenny Ladhunka Nur , Amin Muhammad Fathul , Sholikha Rohmatus , Handayani Ike Mawarni , Hertanto Arif Aria , Atma Alfian Adi
Published: October 2024

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah : 1) Meningkatkan Motivasi kaum difable untuk berkarya dan konseling permasalahan yang dihadapi mereka, dan 2) Meningkatkan kepedulian terhadap Kesehatan kaum difable. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada 09 – 16 Agustus 2024, bertempat dusun besi, desa tlogoagung, kecamatan Kembangbahu, Kabupaten lamongan. Jumlah peserta yang terlibat adalah 17 orang terdiri dari 4 anggota difable berkebutuhan pendidikan dan 13 anggota difable berkebutuhan kesehatan. Metode pelaksanaan dengan penyuluhan, screening kesehatan dan konseling pendidikan. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan diketahui bahwa Kondisi kesehatan anggota kelompok difabel di dusun besi desa tlogoagung kecamatan kembangbahu lamongan rata-rata masih di atas normal utamanya tekanan darah, kadar gula darah dan kolesterol. Namun dukungan pendidikan dari keluarga terhadap peserta difabel sangat baik. Sacara umum Kegiatan penyuluhan, screening kesehatan dan konseling pendidikan berjalan dengan partisipasi peserta yang sangat baik. Perlu dilakukan pendampingan yang rutin serta tindak lanjut instansi lain dalam mendukung peningkatan kesehatan dan pendidikan kaum difabel guna menuju Indonesia Inklusif 2030.
Global Rating of Change for Better or Worse—What Does It Mean When Patients Who Are Treated for Patellofemoral Pain Rate Their Change?
Authors: de Vasconcelos Gabriela S. , Andreucci Alessandro , Vicenzino Bill , Thorborg Kristian , Mikkelsen Mette , Serrão Fábio Viadanna , Rathleff Michael Skovdal
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how a global rating of change (GROC) score corresponds to change in Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales in people with patellofemoral pain (PFP).

DESIGN: Secondary analysis of data from 3 clinical trials.

METHODS: Four hundred ninety adolescents (10-18 years old) and adults (19-40 years old) with PFP completed KOOS (5 subscales, 0-100) at baseline and 3-month follow-up as well as GROC at 3-month follow-up. GROC category descriptors were mapped to 5 categories: worse, no change, a bit better, better, and much better. Gaussian approximation was then used to calculate the change in KOOS scores for each GROC category.

RESULTS: Due to overlap between KOOS scores in “no change” and “a bit better,” all analyses were performed on 4 categories. For all KOOS subscales, patients who reported being “worse” had negative KOOS scale change scores (≤ −2); patients reporting “no change” had KOOS scale change scores that ranged from −5 to 14; and patients feeling “better” or “much better” had positive KOOS scale change scores that ranged from 4 to 26 and ≥16, respectively.

CONCLUSION: When patients with PFP reported feeling “worse,” “better,” or “much better,” there was a small-to-substantial change across the different KOOS scales. This is in contrast to no difference between reporting “a bit better” or “no change” in KOOS. When patients say they feel a little better, clinicians should be less confident about whether change has truly occurred. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(10):657-671. Epub 25 July 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12120
The Design Of The Idea Of Judicial Preview Authority Of The Constitutional Court In The Indonesian Constitutional System
Authors: Simamora Janpatar , Manik Risma
Published: October 2024

Adopting the authority of judicial review in the context of testing laws against the Constitution carried out by the Constitutional Court should be welcomed as positive progress for institutionalizing the authority of judicial review itself. In its implementation so far, the authority of judicial review has received serious attention, as evidenced by the number of laws submitted for review in the Constitutional Court. To streamline the authority to review regulations by the Constitutional Court, it is necessary to adopt a model of judicial preview authority, namely testing draft laws, so that when they are passed, they are no longer legally problematic. This research is normative juridical research using various literature materials as the main study. The results show that the idea of adopting the authority of judicial preview is urgently needed. It is based on the consideration that so many laws are problematic both in terms of content and formation process. On the other hand, the authority of the Constitutional Court is only limited to the authority of judicial review, making it less appropriate in the context of the efficiency of judicial review of laws. Given the urgency of the application of judicial preview authority by the Constitutional Court, it is necessary to consider efforts to amend the 1945 Constitution by adding the phrase “testing draft laws against the Constitution” in the article governing the authority of the Constitutional Court as practiced in other countries such as France.
MIGRAÇÕES CLIMÁTICAS NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA: A EMERGÊNCIA EM CURSO E OS DESAFIOS DAS ORGANIZAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS NA REGIÃO
Authors: Mendes José Sacchetta Ramos , Spécie Priscila
Published: October 2024

A pesquisa busca primeiramente apresentar o panorama atual de iniciativas relacionadas às mudanças climáticas e suas consequências como fator de deslocamentos internos ou transfronteiriços na Amazônia brasileira. O foco está nas ações da Organização Internacional para as Migrações (OIM), do Alto Comissariado das Nações Unidas para Refugiados (Acnur) e na cooperação com o poder público em esfera federal, estadual e municipal. As duas agências da ONU são centrais na pesquisa que enseja essa discussão, atenta a vulnerabilidades de povos originários, populações tradicionais, mulheres e crianças, no contexto migratório resultante do aquecimento global. O artigo aborda as ações recentes, em perspectiva regional amazônica, e a participação do Acnur e da OIM. Comenta também o conceito de justiça (ou injustiça) climática, balizador da litigância ambiental e do clima, importante movimento na luta contra a emergência climática e por responsabilização de seus protagonistas.
BANCOS PÚBLICOS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO E EQUIDADE DE GÊNERO: QUAIS DETERMINANTES PARA UMA AÇÃO CLIMÁTICA EFICAZ?
Authors: Duran Camila Villard , Babugura Agnes , Acosta Mariola , Lambert Gomes Ferraz Julia
Published: October 2024

As mudanças climáticas têm causado destruição em escala global, contudo, afetando indivíduos de maneira distinta. Gênero e fatores interseccionais, como classe social, raça, etnia, idade e geografia, são determinantes nos impactos dessas mudanças. A comunidade global tem sido mobilizada para uma ação imediata, buscando mitigar e se adaptar às mudanças climáticas, o que requer, de forma concomitante, mobilização de recursos financeiros. Bancos Públicos de Desenvolvimento (BPDs) podem desempenhar um papel crucial nesse esforço coletivo, por se situarem na intersecção entre finanças e políticas públicas, além de terem mandato institucional destinado a superar falhas de mercado e promover investimentos com impactos ambientais e sociais positivos. No entanto, alguns BPDs ainda enfrentam desafios na integração de considerações de equidade de gênero em seus quadros operacionais e na conceituação interna do tema, visando promover finanças climáticas mais eficazes. Os BPDs têm uma oportunidade única de influenciar a relação entre financiamento climático e igualdade de gênero. O conhecimento especializado é ferramenta poderosa para alcançar esse objetivo, e a rede sustentada institucionalmente por Summits do Finance in Common (FiCS) pode conduzir à produção colaborativa e ao acesso a esse conhecimento por meio do compartilhamento de experiências e práticas.
AS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS E A EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS: UMA PERSPECTIVA INOVADORA
Authors: Costa Danielle Sobral Porto , Amorim Antonio
Published: October 2024

Este artigo analisa a questão do uso das tecnologias na sala de aula da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), destacando este processo como inovador da aprendizagem dos educandos. Nesta perspectiva, destacamos como objetivo central desta investigação refletir sobre o uso das tecnologias em sala de aula das classes da EJA, dialogando com diferentes autores que corroboram com a temática abordada, considerando o processo de transformação digital nas escolas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como dispositivo a investigação bibliográfica, sendo que a coleta das informações foi realizada a partir do levantamento de autores e a análise de ideias propostas em artigos, revistas científicas e livros acerca do tema investigado. Conclui-se que as tecnologias educacionais digitais potencializam a aprendizagem, possibilitam a efetivação de aulas dinâmicas e colaborativas, democratizam o acesso a informação e ao conhecimento, com a inclusão dos estudantes da EJA no mundo digital, promovendo a equidade social.
DESAFIOS PARA EMERGÊNCIA CLIMÁTICA: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE OS ESPAÇOS LOCAIS
Authors: Zape Katiani Lucia
Published: October 2024

As cidades estão no foco das mudanças climáticas, seja em decorrência da sua contribuição na produção de gases poluentes, ou em virtude dos impactos que serão recebidos pelas mesmas, uma vez que, grande parte da população reside hoje em áreas urbanas. Entender quais são as estratégias utilizadas pelos centros urbanos brasileiros no enfrentamento as mudanças climáticas, é o objetivo proposto no presente trabalho. Para tanto, foram selecionadas as sete cidades brasileiras, que estão na projeção “Picture our future” desenvolvida pela ONG Climate Central. São elas: Porto Alegre (RS), Recife (PE), Salvador (BA), Fortaleza (CE), São Luís (MA), Santos (SP) e Rio de Janeiro (RJ). O texto está organizado em três sessões: no primeiro momento será apresentado de que maneira às cidades passam a compor a agenda internacional e de que forma as características locais contribuíram para contornos próprios da política climática brasileira; na seqüência serão explicitadas as conexões entre as cidades e as mudanças climáticas e por fim serão analisadas as sete cidades brasileiras e quais tem sido o caminho percorrido por elas, no enfrentamento das questões climáticas. Para tanto, foi levantado no Atlas Digital de Desastres no Brasil, dados que revelam os prejuízos gerados, em decorrência destas situações, nas cidades brasileiras, nos últimos 30 anos. Em seguida, foram analisadas iniciativas utilizadas pelas mesmas para enfrentar a crise climática, sendo observado seu desempenho no ODS 13 - utilizando, para tanto, o Índice de Desenvolvimento Sustentável das Cidades-BR; a produção legislativa; a existência de plano de enfrentamento as mudanças climáticas e a participação em redes internacionais. O estudo revelou a existência de vários níveis de envolvimento por parte das administrações locais na implementação de iniciativas de proteção as mudanças climáticas.
Richard Rorty: das contingências à democracia como modo de vida
Authors: Gomes da Silva Luís
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo analisa as contingências da linguagem, da individualidade e de uma comunidade liberal, na concepção de Richard Rorty, na tentativa de entender a importância delas na formação de uma concepção de democracia como modo de vida, proposta originariamente por John Dewey e defendida por Rorty, posteriormente. A abordagem perpassa a proposta de negação da “verdade intrínseca” das coisas, extinguindo assim as divindades que impregnaram a linguagem ao longo da existência humana. Trata da questão da linguagem, que imprimiu na cultura ocidental uma concepção fortemente transformadora, cujo resultado foi o surgimento de um novo homem, na compreensão de Rorty.
Norberto Bobbio, um iconoclasta moderado: um pequeno mergulho no mundo historiográfico dos conceitos e ideologias jurídicas modernas
Authors: Silva Danilo José Viana da
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste artigo consiste em apresentar uma face de Bobbio pouco reconhecida entre os juristas, qual seja, a abordagem, ou uma contribuição para ela, proporcionada pelas incursões no universo da história dos conceitos e ideologias jurídicas modernas, denotando uma imagem mais iconoclasta do autor, mas ao mesmo tempo iremos esboçar uma imagem de um ardoroso defensor dos direitos. Empregaremos uma metodologia bibliográfica de análise e de discussão dos textos guiada pela demonstração das possíveis contribuições para o estudo do caráter histórico dos conceitos jurídicos modernos que o autor permite a partir do desenvolvimento de algumas obras.  A importância desse debate pode ser apontada pela contribuição que Bobbio oferece para uma melhor compreensão sobre a produção histórica e contextual dos conceitos caros ao que se convencionou denominar de “positivismo jurídico”, sem ignorar como ele pode ser considerado um defensor dos direitos modernos sem perder de vista suas produções históricas.
Incidence of intestinal & extra-intestinal cancers among individuals with Crohn’s disease in northern India
Authors: Sharma Parth , Putambekar Varad , Kumar Peeyush , Thomas David Mathew , Vuyyuru Sudheer K. , Kante Bhaskar , Mundhra Sandeep Kumar , Sharma Raju , Dash Nihar Ranjan , Makharia Govind , Kedia Saurabh , Ahuja Vineet
Published: October 2024

Background & objectives

Crohn’s disease (CD) is associated with a higher risk of malignancy, which is attributed to disease behaviour and the usage of immunosuppressants. The burden of malignancy in CD is scarcely reported from Asia. We report real-world data on CD-related malignancy from a northern Indian cohort.

Methods

This retrospective analysis included individuals with CD who were followed up at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, from 2005 to 2021. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was used to calculate the relative risk of malignancy in CD affected individuals compared to the general population.

Results

In this study, 952 study participants were included, with a mean age at diagnosis of 36.9±15.11 yr; 61.1 per cent were male. The median follow-up duration was 34 months [IQR (interquartile range): 19-73]. Most study participants received steroids (76.7%), immunomodulators (68.7%), or anti-TNF therapy (10.8%). The overall incidence of malignancy was 1.05 per cent, indicating a 10.45 times higher risk in CD [SIR: 10.45; 95% Confidence interval (CI):4.98-17.96]. Eight out of 826, 1 of 106 and 1 of 25 study participants developed malignancy in the first, second and third decades, respectively. The cumulative risk of malignancy was 2.7, 5.5, and 13.4 per cent in the first, second, and third decades, respectively. Regarding bowel malignancies, one study participant each developed ileocaecal adenocarcinoma, anorectal adenocarcinoma, malignant rectal fibrous histiocytoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Extraintestinal malignancies included single cases each of follicular neoplasia of the thyroid, neuroendocrine tumour of the pancreatic tail, breast cancer, hepatocellular cancer, oral cancer, and prostate cancer. No cases of lymphoma or skin malignancy were reported.

Interpretation & conclusions

At 30 yr, the cumulative risk of malignancy among Indian CD-affected individuals was 13.4 per cent, with a SIR of 10.45 (95% CI: 4.98- 17.96). The risk increased with increasing age at disease onset and duration.
Malnutrition in tribal people living with tuberculosis in India: A systematic review & meta-analysis
Authors: Kannayan Silambu Chelvi , Watson Basilea , Thiruvengadam Kannan , Shamail M.H. Ghazala , Velayutham Banurekha , Krishnan Rajendran , Natarajan Saravanan
Published: October 2024

Background & objectives

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a persistent public health challenge in India. The country also has high proportions of malnutrition in different areas, making the population susceptible to TB. Among vulnerable populations, such as tribal communities, TB and malnutrition pose significant threats. Tribal populations exhibit disproportionately higher TB prevalence rates compared to non-tribal groups. Also, malnutrition prevalence among tribal communities far exceeds national averages in India. Amidst fragmented data, a systematic review of nutritional status among tribal populations with TB in India is imperative to inform comprehensive intervention strategies.

Methods

Cross-sectional, case-control, cohort and interventional studies reporting the nutritional status of active TB affected individuals among tribal populations in India were specifically included if terms such as “malnutrition” or “low BMI” were used. This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020168328). The data was assessed using a random-effects model and standardized mean with 95% confidence interval (CI). The I2 statistics indicated heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots.

Results

Out of 124 studies, 20 were selected for initial screening, 15 were excluded due to a lack of appropriate data, and five were included for the final analysis. The pooled prevalence estimates of malnutrition among Indian tribes living with TB was 514 per 1000 people, with 95% CI: 232-791. The sensitivity analysis showed that no individual study influenced the estimation of pooled prevalence.

Interpretation & conclusions

In the background of India, contributing considerably to the burden of TB-related morbidity and mortality alongside undernutrition, reviews have underscored undernutrition as the predominant risk factor for TB, affecting over 50 per cent of the population in some States. This situation is exacerbated among the tribal communities in India due to the dual burdens of undernutrition and TB being more pronounced. Our systematic review consolidates evidence from five studies, revealing the prevalence of malnutrition among tribal TB patients. Conducting well-planned implementation research to address this dual burden among the underprivileged population would help achieve the ambitious goal of a TB-free India 2025.
Revision of Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: 2024 Supplementary Report
Authors:   Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry, Lewis Peter L ,   University of Adelaide Medical School, Gill David RJ ,   Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry, McAuliffe Michael J ,   Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry,   Queensland University of Technology, McDougall Catherine ,   Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry,   University of Queensland Medical School, Stoney James D ,   Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry, Vertullo Christopher J ,   Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry,   Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University,   Knee Research Australia, Wall Christopher J ,   Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry,   University of Queensland Rural Clinical School, Corfield Sophia ,   Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry, Du Peiyao ,   South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Holder Carl ,   South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Harries Dylan ,   South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Edwards Suzanne ,   South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Xu Qunyan ,   South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Lorimer Michelle F ,   South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Cashman Kara ,   South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Smith Paul N ,   Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry,   Australian National University Medical School
Published: October 2024

This supplementary report provides demographic information and outcomes for revision hip and knee procedures. There are separate sections for hip and knee replacement. Each section provides overall demographic and summary data. More detailed information, including types of revision, reasons for revision and outcomes are provided for the 1st revision where the primary procedure was captured by the Registry. These analyses are restricted to cases with a primary diagnosis of osteoarthritis and excluding those revised for infection. For hip replacement overall, the most common reason for revision is loosening (32.9%), followed by infection, prosthesis dislocation and fracture. For knee replacement, the most common reason for revision is loosening (27.8%), followed by infection and progression of disease. This Report is one of 14 supplementary reports to complete the AOANJRR Annual Report for 2024. Information on the background, purpose, aims, benefits and governance of the Registry can be found in the Introductory chapter of the 2024 Hip, Knee and Shoulder Arthroplasty Annual Report. The Registry data quality processes including data collection, validation and outcomes assessment, are provided in detail in the Data Quality section of the introductory chapter of the 2024 Hip, Knee and Shoulder Arthroplasty Annual Report: https://aoanjrr.sahmri.com/annual-reports-2024.
Protease for monogastric animals
Authors: ИЛЬЯШЕНКО А.
Published: October 2024

Для улучшения использования протеина и аминокислот гороха, а также соевого, подсолнечного и рапсового шротов (жмыхов) в организме моногастричных животных (свиньи, птица) в комбикорма целесообразно включать протеолитические ферментные добавки, эффективно работающие в кислой, нейтральной и щелочной среде желудочно-кишечного тракта.