bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assistência fisioterapêutica a indivíduos com Acidente Vascular Encefálico residentes na comunidade na atenção básica no Brasil: um estudo transversal
Authors: Magalhães Jordana de Paula , Dutra Tamires Mariana de Freitas Vieira , Araújo Érika de Freitas , Teixeira-Salmela Luci Fuscaldi , Faria Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Após a alta hospitalar, recomenda-se que pacientes pós-AVC sejam acompanhados por um fisioterapeuta durante toda a recuperação. Apesar das recomendações clínicas, poucos estudos investigaram os cuidados fisioterapêuticos a indivíduos pós-AVC residindo na comunidade. O estudo objetivou descrever os cuidados fisioterapêuticos prestados a indivíduos que sofreram AVC residentes na comunidade em contexto de atenção primária e identificar as características clínico-funcionais e sociodemográficas que determinam a assistência de fisioterapia. Este é um estudo transversal exploratório. Foram incluídos pacientes pós-AVC, residentes na comunidade e que foram atendidos pela equipe multidisciplinar de quatro unidades de atenção primária à saúde de uma importante metrópole brasileira. Os prontuários foram analisados para identificar os cuidados prestados pelos fisioterapeutas. Os indivíduos que receberam e não receberam cuidados fisioterapêuticos foram comparados (α=0,05). Dos 100 indivíduos incluídos, 55% receberam assistência de profissionais da equipe multidisciplinar e 44% foram atendidos por fisioterapeutas. As abordagens de fisioterapia consistiram principalmente em instruções (89%) e avaliações (75%). Apenas 45% dos indivíduos que receberam cuidados fisioterapêuticos foram acompanhados, e aqueles que receberam esses cuidados apresentaram um número significativamente maior de eventos de AVC e níveis mais altos de incapacidade (p<0,001). Observou-se que muitas pessoas com diferentes níveis de incapacidade não receberam assistência fisioterapêutica. Além disso, o acompanhamento e os encaminhamentos não foram frequentes nas práticas fisioterapêuticas. Portanto, os cuidados fisioterapêuticos na atenção primária precisam ser ampliados para garantir que todos os indivíduos com algum nível de incapacidade recebam tratamento. Ademais, é preciso aumentar o número de indivíduos que recebem acompanhamento e incentivar o trabalho multidisciplinar entre fisioterapeutas e outros profissionais da área de saúde.
“Una herramienta de inspiración”:el Plan Maestro de Las Culturas de la provincia de San Luis, Argentina, 2013-2023
Authors: Chocobare María Celina
Published: May 2024

Resumen A principios del siglo XXI, en la provincia de San Luis, Argentina, las planificaciones estatales en distintos ámbitos de gobierno se expusieron como “Planes Maestros”. “Planificación estratégica”, junto a términos tales como “innovación, participación, democratización, gestión”, entre otros, se tornaron recurrentes. En 2013 se presentó oficialmente el Plan Maestro de Las Culturas 2013-2023. En este artículo se realiza un análisis etnográfico de dicho plan, enfocado en cómo se produce y gestiona el pasado local en las acciones gubernamentales que allí se referencian. Se cuestiona ¿cómo se tensan nociones temporales -pasado, presente, futuro- con la implantación de un lenguaje proveniente de la gestión empresarial? ¿Qué ordenamientos y jerarquías sociales se instauran? También, se indaga sobre el papel que adquieren en la planificación especialistas en aspectos que serían característicos del conjunto de los “puntanos” (gentilicio que designa a las personas de la provincia de San Luis); y cómo dichos aspectos se “documentan”, expresando una representación de lo sanluiseño, al tiempo que se busca legitimarlo.
La gestión legislativa estratégica de la Cámara de Representantes de Misiones, Argentina: entre dos modelos y múltiples tensiones
Authors: Ebenau Laura Andrea
Published: May 2024

Resumen A partir de la implementación de lo que en términos contextuales ha sido referido como gestión legislativa estratégica, la Legislatura misionera ha sido la primera en Argentina en obtener la certificación ISO de calidad institucional. Mediante un estudio etnográfico en el campo parlamentario centrado en los procesos sociales y simbólicos que permitieron configurar una nueva institucionalidad, en este artículo se argumenta que la implementación de un ‘modelo gerencial’ no ha logrado desplazar ciertas prácticas asociadas al ‘modelo burocrático tradicional’, que se supone preexistente y en vías de superación por el primero. Antes bien, la gestión legislativa estratégica combina aspectos de ambos modelos. Si el primero aparece desplegado como una política institucional que conlleva la ejecución de normativas, lineamientos y procedimientos específicos; el segundo, aparece encarnado en los habitus y disposiciones de los agentes, suscitando así no pocas tensiones y evaluaciones morales.
From Creative Genius to Entrepreneurial Spirit: Architectural Mediations in the Formation of the Brazilian State
Authors: Guimarães Roberta Sampaio , Silva Paulo Vitor Ferreira da
Published: May 2024

Abstract The architectural field has performed a central mediating function in the process of formation of the Brazilian State through the formulation of mechanisms for control, ordering, and management of territories and populations. In the present article, we address three different scenarios in which architectural professional networks played a significant role: national-developmental projects implemented from the 1930s onwards; housing policies developed during the military dictatorship (1964 to 1985); strategic plans for the production of “global cities” following the redemocratization process (1985-today). From among the kaleidoscope of professional practices and meanings mobilized during these periods, we highlight situations and events that triggered the ideal types of the “creative genius”, the “engaged anti-designer” and the “entrepeneurial manager”. By analyzing the interactions between architects and public administration, we hope to contribute to the understanding of the population management technologies and business mechanisms that supported the neoliberal turn in the forms of government in Brazilian cities.
Una nueva estética para luchar contra la desnutrición: miradas antropológicas sobre las intervenciones hacia el cuidado infantil en la provincia de Salta, Argentina
Authors: Leavy Pía
Published: May 2024

Resumen En la provincia de Salta (Argentina), la desnutrición infantil constituye un problema de salud pública que afecta especialmente a las poblaciones infantiles de comunidades indígenas. Desde el gobierno provincial, el programa de Atención Primaria de la Salud implementa acciones socio-sanitarias hacia la población infantil desde los años 1980, mientras que más recientemente diversas Organizaciones no Gubernamentales (ONGs) adquirieron un fuerte impulso para dedicarse a la prevención y el tratamiento de déficits nutricionales. En este escenario, se realizó una investigación antropológica en sectores rurales de los departamentos de Orán, Rivadavia y Capital, con el objetivo de indagar en los modos de gestionar el cuidado de la población infantil. A través del análisis de registros etnográficos originales y fuentes secundarias, se describen las acciones que se implementan en la lucha contra la desnutrición, así como también los significados en torno al cuidado, la niñez y la “novedad” involucrada en las intervenciones de ciertas ONGs. Desde ambos espacios, encontramos tecnologías de gobierno que se inscriben en la gubernamentalidad neoliberal y sentidos similares en torno al cuidado infantil, sin embargo la perspectiva etnográfica permite encontrar tensiones en torno a los modos de comprender la alteridad cultural y diferencias entre los perfiles de quienes implementan las intervenciones.
A CONTRARREVOLUÇÃO MIGUELISTA E O EXÍLIO POLÍTICO LIBERAL: PORTUGAL E BRASIL (1828-1834)
Authors: Gonçalves Andréa Lisly , Silva Luiz Gustavo Martins da
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Neste artigo, são abordados alguns aspectos do processo de emigração política, resultantes da dinâmica entre revolução e contrarrevolução, em Portugal, nas décadas de 1820 e 1830. Ainda que os sentidos e as direções dos exílios variem de acordo com o resultado das sucessivas disputas que se travaram no país entre realistas e liberais, será quando D. Miguel ascende ao poder, em 1828, que um número estimado em quase uma dezena de milhar de pessoas, acusadas de “acérrimas liberais”, é obrigado a deixar o país. Buscando ressaltar a natureza transnacional e transcontinental desse fenômeno migratório, apontamos as condições nas quais se encontravam esses emigrados, assim como os diferentes destinos que tomaram, incluindo, entre eles, o Rio de Janeiro e outras províncias do Brasil.
Implementation of the National LGBT Comprehensive Health Policy in the municipality of Resende, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Costa Larissa Fagundes da , Hennington Élida Azevedo
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The article presents results of qualitative research carried out in Resende, a city located in the countryside of the state of Rio de Janeiro, on the implementation of the National Policy for Comprehensive Health for Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, and Transvestites and Transsexuals (PNSI-LGBT). It was carried out in order to contribute to the understanding of the process of developing public policies aimed at the LGBTQIA+ population, with an emphasis on the area of mental health, document analysis, and interviews with the management team of the municipality’s mental health program. The results showed that the PNSI-LGBT was not implemented in the health care network and that the majority of managers interviewed had little knowledge of the policy. Regarding concrete actions aimed at the LGBTQIA+ population, they are currently limited to the implementation in the city of an outpatient service focused on hormone therapy and transgenitalization of transgender people. The research made it possible to spark a discussion about the PNSI-LGBT and the incipience of its implementation in the municipality, highlighting the challenges to be faced by public management.
Fotografía, medicina y corporalidad: el dispositivo de la imagen en las formas de aprehensión discursiva de la enfermedad
Authors: Rodas Hilderman Cardona
Published: May 2024

Resumen Estudiar y reflexionar sobre la enfermedad es poner de relieve las formas de ver y decir acerca de lo que puede un cuerpo y su potencia de ser afectado ante las huellas o vestigios que lo degradan. Este artículo expone los soportes epistemológicos de una investigación sobre las representaciones sociales (en la que se inscribe el saber médico) de la enfermedad desde el registro de la dermatología clínica durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Para esto, se recurrió a un análisis de fotografías médicas conservada en archivos de Colombia y España y como horizonte discursivo las formas de ver y decir la enfermedad que tiene efectos deformantes en el cuerpo.
Las mujeres que escribieron en el Manicomio Nacional de Leganés tras la Guerra Civil Española, 1939-1952
Authors: Conseglieri Ana , Villasante Olga
Published: May 2024

Resumen El presente trabajo utiliza los historiales clínicos de seis mujeres internadas en el Manicomio Nacional de Leganés, Madrid (España), en los que, además de las anotaciones médicas, existen cartas y otros documentos personales. El control sobre estas cartas no enviadas nos permite escuchar las denuncias sobre la institución, así como recuperar las voces de las internas y sus resistencias a ser tratadas como locas. Este análisis nos lleva a explorar la doble marginación: ser “mujeres” y “enfermas mentales” y nos aproxima a construir una historia desde el punto de vista del paciente. El marco temporal es el franquismo, régimen dictatorial que implantó un modelo hegemónico femenino dictado por una moral nacional-católica.
Occurrence of Myxobolus spp. (Myxozoa) in the blood of Metynnis lippincottianus (Osteichthyes: Serrasalmidae) from eastern Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Façanha Nyelle Priscila Brito , Araújo Rafaela Franco de , Feiden Aldi , Silva Géssica Laila Matos da , Hoshino Maria Danielle Figueiredo Guimarães , Yoshioka Eliane Tie Oba , Videira Marcela Nunes
Published: May 2024

Abstract Myxozoans are obligatory parasites and can be found in various organs and bloodstreams of fish, thus, the objective of this work was to describe the occurrence of Myxobolus spp. in the circulating blood of Metynnis lippincottianus from River Curiaú, Macapá City, eastern Amazon, Brazil. The samples of M. lippincottianus (11) were caught using cast net and gillnets. The fish blood was collected by puncturing the caudal vessel, using needles and syringes containing 10% of EDTA solution. Blood smear were prepared and panchromatic stained with a combination of May Grunwald-Giemsa-Wright, for observation and examination of the parasitic structures in optical microscope. Tissues from the kidney was examined using specific stereoscopic binoculars to check for the presence of cysts, lesions and parasites. The prevalence of Myxobolus spp. infecting the circulating blood of the fish was 36.36% (4/11) and 15 spores of mixosporyds were visualized. Myxobolus spp. had a prevalence of 54.55% (6/11) in host's kidney tissue and the morphometric spores data converge with observed in the blood. The morphological characteristics of the spores in the blood samples revealed two morphotypes of Myxobolus spp. This is the sixth occurrence recorded of Myxobolus spp. infecting fish blood in Brazil.
Electroacupuncture Alleviates Parkinson's Disease by Promoting METTL9-Catalyzed Histidine Methylation of Nuclear Factor-κÐ
Authors: Zhou Xiang , Zhou Liang , Sun Jiayi , Zhang Juan , Sun Lei
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment on Parkinson's disease (PD). 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration was used establish PD mice model. The number of neurons is determined by TH staining. mRNA expression is detected by RT-qPCR. Protein expression was detected by Western blot. Gene expression is determined by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. The functions of neurons are determined by TUNEL and flow cytometry assay. The binding sites of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) RELA on the promoter of NLRP3 are predicted by JASPAR and verified by luciferase and ChIP assays. The results showed that EA treatment improves motor dysfunction in patients with PD. In vivo assays show that MPTP administration induces the loss of neurons in mice, which is restored by EA treatment. Moreover, EA treatment alleviates motor deficits in MPTP-induced PD mice. EA treatment also inhibits the enrichment of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lactodehydrogenase and suppresses neuronal pyroptosis. EA treatment increases the expression of METTL9. However, METTL9 deficiency dampens the effects of EA treatment and induces neuronal pyroptosis. Additionally, METTL9 promotes histidine methylation of NF-κB RELA, resulting the inhibition of epigenetic transcription of NLRP3. EA treatment restores neuronal function and improves motor dysfunction via promoting METTL9 histidine methylation of NF-κB/ NLRP3 signaling.
An in-line dye tracer experiment to measure the residence time in continuous concrete processing
Authors: Deetman Arjen , Bos Derk , Blaakmeer Jan , Salet Theo , Lucas Sandra
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces an in-line dye tracer experiment to measure the residence time functions in continuous concrete processing. These functions quantify the material-system interdependency and can be used to compare different material-system combinations and for quality and process control. A Rhodamine B solution was used as the tracer material and detected by measuring the color intensity using a digital image processing technique. The experiment was validated on a 3D concrete printing system by comparing the results of impulse, step-up and step-down inputs with different tracer quantities. The results show that a high signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained with low tracer concentrations. For the examined combination of material and system, an impact on the original process was only observed for the step-up inputs at high tracer quantities. It is concluded that the presented method is cost-effective and non-labor-intensive and, therefore, has the potential for wide adoption and integration in automated workflows.
Factors affecting the tensile strength of bituminous geomembrane seams
Authors: Francey W. , Rowe R. K.
Published: May 2024

The tensile shear strength, break location, and constant tensile load failure times are examined for seams made from one 4 mm-thick bituminous geomembrane (BGM) product, with corresponding observations specific to that material. In short-term tests, failure is observed within the sheet material once the seam strength exceeded 0.8 times that of the sheet material. The effects of seam thickness reduction and overlap width on seam strength are examined for two methods of seaming. Seams with a short-term strength meeting or exceeding 80% of the sheet strength are subjected to constant tensile loads between 18 and 55% of sheet ultimate strength and the time to failure is reported. The relationship between short-term seam strength and time to failure under sustained load and thickness reduction and squeeze-out is investigated. Constant tensile load testing is proposed as a construction quality assurance procedure to assess the degree of geotextile engagement of field seams.
Scaling laws for the modelling of energy geostructures
Authors: Ouzzine Badr , de Sauvage Jean , Hemmati Sahar , Badinier Thibault , Blanc Matthieu , Dubreucq Thierry , Chevalier Christophe , Reiffsteck Philippe
Published: May 2024

Among the different solutions to meet the increasing need for renewable energies, energy geostructures, and particularly energy piles, are very promising. However, their dual role (structural support and energy harvester) raises design questions and safety issues. In addition, they are often placed within a groundwater flow and the influence of seepage on thermal loadings and mechanical response is still to be characterised. In this perspective, centrifuge modelling can play a significant role as in lots of geotechnical problems. In the present case, reduced scale models present a supplementary advantage since diffusion timescales are highly reduced. Scaling factor for time is 1/N2 if scaling factor for lengths is 1/N. Nevertheless, the numerous phenomena to consider make it difficult to ensure the similarity between model and prototype. This paper derives and collates all the scaling laws and important points to be aware of when centrifuge modelling energy piles.
Secondary Enrichment of REE in Weathered Granite, South Bangka, Indonesia
Authors: Tampubolon Armin , Syafri Ildrem , Rosana Mega Fatimah , Yuningsih Euis Tintin
Published: May 2024

Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential materials for the manufacture of advanced technology. Secondary REE indications were found in alluvial and lateritic tin deposits within Southeast Asia Tin Belt. This study aims at the REE enrichment of weathering profiles underlain by Toboali Pluton of the main range S-type granite of this belt. Granite and weathering samples were collected and analyzed using XRF, ICP-MS/OES, XRD, SEM-EDX, and EPMA. The Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of granite in Toboali showed enrichment in REE with the highest value of 1,126 ppm. The Toboali Pluton is enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE. The enrichment of REE from the upper to lower horizon of weathering profiles was pointed out by the increase in REE values from a range of 156-188 ppm (horizon B) to 196-268 ppm (horizon C) in Toboali, and from a range of 230-330 ppm (horizon B) to 342-450 ppm (horizon C) in Air Gegas. These coincided with the presence of kaolinite with elevated REE and CeO2 in horizon C of weathering profile. Leaching test result proved that kaolinite plays a role in REE enrichment in the weathering profile through ion adsorption mechanisms in the Air Gegas. The weathering process of REE fluoro-carbonate (bastnäsite-(Ce)) and parisite-(Ce) in granite is believed to contribute in enrichment due to its high dissolution rate, which enhances kaolinite adsorption. In contrast, REE phosphates such as monazite-(Ce) and xenotime-(Y), because of their strong resistance and low solubility, are thought to be only slightly soluble, and most of these minerals remain in Toboali weathering products.
High Sulphidation Mineralization and Advanced Argillic Alteration within Concealed Gajah Tidur Porphyry, Grasberg District, Papua
Authors: Bensaman Benny , Rosana Mega Fatimah , Yuningsih Euis Tintin
Published: May 2024

High sulphidation (HS) mineralization and associated advanced argillic alteration have been intersected by three drill holes below the Grasberg porphyry Cu-Au deposit, known as the Gajah Tidur prospect. The prospect is located between 1,500 ̶ 2,750 m level, in Grasberg District, Papua, Indonesia. The holes are of KL98-10-21, KL98-10-22, and GRD39-08 which intersected 3.4 Ma Gajah Tidur monzonite, Grasberg Igneous Complex, the wall rocks of Kembelangan, and New Guinea Limestone Group. This research aims to determine the characteristics of high sulphidation mineralization associated with advanced argillic alteration at Gajah Tidur. Petrographic, XRD, SEM, fluid inclusion, and XRF (geochemical) analyses were applied to identify the mineralogy, geochemistry, and ore fluid properties. The major element plots show a differentiated intrusion. The alteration consists of potassic materials composed of biotite and K-feldspar, overprinted by phyllic and advanced argillic ones typified by alunite, pyrophyllite, and kaolinite. The high sulphidation mineralization characterized by pyrite-covellite, chalcopyrite-chalcocite, enargite, and digenite is also present. Fluid inclusion homogenization temperature of mineralized quartz vein ranges from 393 to 542°C, indicating a magmatic fluid origin predominantly. Two distinct porphyry systems, consisting of the Gajah Tidur Cu-Mo and the Main Grasberg Cu-Au porphyry systems are emplaced at the Gajah Tidur level. Advanced argillic is less intense compared to a pervasive phyllic alteration, overprinting the stockwork and surrounding rocks, emplaced at the upper part of quartz stockwork. It is possibly associated with a late stage of Gajah Tidur porphyry hydrothermal fluids which became cooler and highly acidic. Similar to other porphyry systems such as Oyu Tolgoi in Mongolia, the Gajah Tidur porphyry did not have its hydrothermal fluid ascent to the surface to form lithocap. Instead, the ascending fluids cooled at shallower depths resulting in the formation of advanced argillic alteration.
SEARCHING FOR MULTI-TARGET SUBSTANCES WITH ANTI-MICROBIAL EFFECT – PROMISING DIRECTION MODERN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE
Authors: Starikova Alla , Merezhkina Daria , Ozerov Aleksandr
Published: May 2024

The article provides a review of literature data on the principles of creating multi-targeted drugs
and their mechanisms of action, and analyses the results of studying the antimicrobial activity of quinazolinone
derivatives that exhibit multi-targeted effects against bacteria of the ESKAPE group (Enterococcus faecium,
Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and
Enterobacter). The search for substances that can affect several targets in a bacterial cell will be a way to solve
the problem of pathogen resistance to antimicrobial agents used in modern medical practice.
On the Classification of Typical Methods of Fraud in the Field of Construction at the Expense of the Federal Budget
Authors: Tereshchenko Alexander
Published: May 2024

Currently, in the context of sanctions pressure exerted on our state from outside, the need to ensure the effective spending of budget funds allocated for the construction of significant industrial and infrastructure facilities is of particular importance in ensuring economic security. Improving the search and cognitive activities of law enforcement agencies investigating fraud in the field of construction at the expense of the federal budget is one of the measures aimed at achieving such a goal. When developing and improving provisions on a private forensic methodology for investigating a crime of any individual type, one cannot do without a thorough study of the method of its commission. At the same time, the approach to considering the very concept of the method of committing a crime has significant differences in various branches of scientific knowledge. In forensic science, there are also generally accepted ideas for the study of this scientific category. In our study of criminal activity in the field of construction at the expense of the federal budget, we also applied traditional forensic methods and techniques. In particular, we used the method of classifying the described concept from the generally accepted provisions of forensic systematics. This made it possible to identify and systematically present some patterns in a typical mechanism for committing the type of crimes we are considering. Some of the results we have obtained are presented in this article.
Training of IT Specialists at the University in Modern Conditions
Authors: Pozdeeva Svetlana , Zaychikova Inna
Published: May 2024

The article considers the areas related to the training of IT specialists in Russia. Currently, the state pays more attention to the formation and development of the IT industry, official documents have been adopted concerning the training of relevant specialists, budget places for applicants to IT specialties are increasing. Considering that everything is changing and developing rapidly in the IT field, specialists have to constantly study, since the knowledge gained at the university is not enough after a while. The article discusses the main problems that one has to face in the educational process when preparing «IT specialists». Technical and technological support for practical classes and research activities, involvement of business practitioners in the educational process, advanced training of teachers involved in training personnel for the IT industry, interaction «college — university», «school — university» are just some aspects for the successful implementation of training programs in IT areas and specialties.
PARÇALI HÜCRESEL GENETİK ALGORİTMA İLE İNSANSIZ HAVA ARACI PERFORMANSINA DAYALI YOL PLANLAMA
Authors: Gezer Ahmet , Turan Onder , Baklacıoğlu Tolga
Published: May 2024

İnsansız Hava Araçları (İHA), endüstriyel, askerî ve ticari geniş bir uygulama alanına sahiptir. Değişken amaçlar için tasarlanmış farklı yeteneklere ve boyutlara sahip İHA’ların; planlama, yönetme ve koordinasyonunu sağlayabilmek için hatasız çalışan kapsamlı alt sistemlere ihtiyaç vardır. İHA teknolojik gelişiminin önemli bir parçası, yol planlama alanındaki iyileştirmelerden oluşmaktadır. Yol planlamada operasyonel önceliklere göre farklı tercihler yapılabilir, varış noktasına en hızlı şekilde ulaşılması veya hızdan ödün vererek havada kalma süresinin uzatılması istenebilir. Bir İHA’ya ait uçabildiği her hız ve her irtifa için; seyir, tırmanma ve alçalma fazlarına ait yakıt verileri yol planlama algoritmasında kullanılmıştır. Böylece, bir İHA için özelleştirilmiş kinematik kısıtlara uyumlu performans özellikleri temelinde ekonomik ve havada kalma süresini uzatan yollar üretilebilmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasında, Hücresel (cGA) ve Parçalı Hücresel Genetik Algoritma (scGA) önerilmiştir. Sabit başlangıç popülasyonu ve parçalı kromozom yapısına sahip aşırı korumacı yeni algoritma; optimal çözüme yüksek yakınsama hızı elde etmiş, geleneksel bir genetik algoritmaya (GA) kıyasla ortalama 5,2 kat daha yüksek uygunluk değerine sahip yollar üretebilmiştir. scGA’nın GA’ya kıyasla, başlangıç popülasyonuna göre en iyi çözümü 1,9 kat ve genel popülasyonu 5,8 kat daha iyi geliştirdiği gözlenmiştir.
Görme engelliler için nesne tanıma ve resim altyazısını derin öğrenme teknikleriyle entegre eden verimli bir aktivite tanıma modeli
Authors: Kilimci Zeynep Hilal , Küçükmanisa Ayhan
Published: May 2024

Bir görüntünün içeriğini otomatik olarak tanımlamak, bilgisayarla görmeyi ve doğal dil işlemeyi birbirine bağlayan yapay zekadaki temel bir görevdir. Bu çalışmada, bilgisayarla görü ve makine çevirisindeki son gelişmeleri birleştiren ve bir görüntüyü tanımlayan doğal cümleler oluşturmak için derin ve tekrarlayan bir mimariye dayalı üretken bir model sunulmuştur. Oluşturulan bu model ile görüntülerden elde edilen metinler, ses dosyası formatına dönüştürülebilmekte ve görme engelli insanlar için kişinin etrafında bulunan nesnelerin aktivitesi tanımlanabilmektedir. Bu amaçla, ilk olarak, belirli bir görüntüdeki bir veya daha fazla nesnenin varlığını, konumunu ve türünü tanımlayan YOLO modeliyle görüntüler üzerinde nesne tanıma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonrasında, uzun kısa dönem hafıza ağları (LSTM) eğitim görüntüsü verilen hedef açıklama cümlesinin olasılığını en üst düzeye çıkarmak için eğitilmiştir. Böylece, ilgili görüntü içerisinde yer alan aktiviteler, açıklama olarak metin biçimine dönüştürülmüştür. Metin biçimine dönüştürülen aktiviteler, Google metin okuma platformundan faydalanılarak aktiviteyi tanımlayan ses dosyaları elde edilmiştir. Önerilen modelin etkinliğini göstermek amacıyla dört farklı özellik enjeksiyon mimarisi değerlendirilerek Flickr8K, Flickr30K ve MSCOCO veri kümeleri kullanılmıştır. Deney sonuçları, önerdiğimiz modelin görme engelli bireyler için aktivite tanımlamayı sesli olarak ifade etmede başarılı olduğunu göstermiştir.
Biyomedikal literatürden solunum yolu hastalıkları ve semptom ilişkilerinin çıkarılması için semantik benzerlik temelli bir yaklaşım
Authors: Çelikten Azer , Bulut Hasan , Onan Aytuğ
Published: May 2024

Biyomedikal alandaki artan makale sayısıyla birlikte, hastalıklar ve semptomlar hakkında keşfedilen değerli bilgiler akademik literatürde gizli kalmaktadır. Biyomedikal metinleri işlemek ve doğal dil işleme ve metin madenciliği yöntemlerini kullanarak bu bilgileri çıkarmak, erken teşhis, klinik karar destek sistemleri geliştirmek ve biyomedikal bilgi grafikleri ve ontolojileri oluşturmak için kritik öneme sahiptir. Solunum yolu hastalıklarının ateş, öksürük, nefes darlığı gibi birçok ortak semptomları olduğundan, hastalıkları semptomlara göre ayırt etmek, hastalığın erken evrelerinde doğru teşhis için son derece önemlidir, Bu çalışmada, sağlık kaynaklarında belirtilmeyen ancak hastalıkla ilişkili nadir semptomları tespit etmek ve hastalıkların semptomlarla ilişki derecesini tespit etmek için bir hastalık-semptom ilişkisi çıkarma yöntemi önerilmiştir. İlk olarak, tıbbi metinlerdeki hastalıkları ve semptomları tanımlamak için önceden eğitilmiş bir dil modeli ve tıbbi ontolojiden oluşan hibrit bir varlık ismi tanıma yöntemi önerilmiştir. İkinci olarak, elde edilen hastalık ve semptomlar normalize edilmiştir. Sonraki adımda, semantik benzerliğe dayalı yöntemler kullanılarak semptomların hastalıklarla ilişki dereceleri elde edilen benzerlik skorlarına göre sıralanmıştır. Önerilen yöntem solunum yolu hastalıklarından oluşan özgün bir veriseti üzerinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu veriseti, astım, bronşit, pulmoner emboli ve koronavirüs hastalıklarına ait akademik makale özetlerinden oluşmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, karakteristik semptomlara ek olarak, sağlık kaynaklarında bahsedilmeyen ancak hastalıkla ilişkilendirilebilecek nadir semptomlar keşfedilmiştir. Önerilen yöntem ile hastalıkların semptomları arasındaki ilişkilerin tespitinde nokta çarpımı benzerlik yönteminin daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. Nadir semptomların ise literatür değerlendirmesi yapılarak hastalıklar ile ilişkisi ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
FDM yöntemi ile üretilen eklemeli imalat parçaları için delik delme işlem parametrelerinin optimizasyonu
Authors: Can Ezgi Selen , Ayhan Emre , Yurdakul Mustafa , İç Yusuf Tansel
Published: May 2024

Eriyik biriktirme modelleme yöntemi (FDM), malzeme filamentlerinin katmanlı olarak birleştirilmesini temel alan ve günümüzde 3B baskı olarak bilinen ve yaygınlaşan eklemeli imalat yöntemlerinden biridir. Ancak, havacılık sanayinde FDM ile üretilmiş olan parçaların istenilen boyutsal ve geometrik tolerans değerlerine sahip olmadığı görülmektedir. Bu sebeple FDM yöntemi ile üretilen parçaların istenilen tolerans değerlerine getirilmesi için farklı imalat yöntemleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada FDM ile prototipleme ve üretim takımlarında (kaynak, delik delme, sabitleme) yaygın olarak kullanılan polikarbonat malzemeden imal edilen plakalar üzerindeki deliklerin tolerans değerlerinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik deneyler yapılmış ve TOPSIS yöntemi yardımıyla en iyi işleme parametreleri tespit edilmiştir.
The Effect of Rhetorical Styles on Metadiscourse Choices of Culturally Diverse Authors
Authors: Boginskaya Olga
Published: May 2024

There is a perception that the influence of culture-specific rhetorical styles means that academic writing can include a great deal of variety. This study aims to test this hypothesis by exploring the role of rhetorical styles in the choice of interactional metadiscourse by academic writers with different cultural backgrounds. Linguistics research article abstracts by L2 writers from Asian and Slavic countries were used in this contrastive study based on Hyland’s (2005a) model of metadiscourse. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, the study revealed that English-language academic discourse by Slavic writers contained a larger number of hedges and attitude markers and a smaller number of boosters. In contrast to Slavic writers, Asian scholars left far fewer traces of themselves and took more explicitly involved positions. The paper contributes to intercultural pragmatics and may have some implications for English as a lingua franca in academic settings.
Fragmentation of Application of the Personal Law of a Legal Entity in the light of the Amended Law on International Companies
Authors: Novikova O. N.
Published: May 2024

The new version of Federal Law No. 290‑FZ dated 03.08.2018 «On International Companies and International Foundations» adopted in August 2023 confirms the relevance of finding ways to regulate companies incorporated in the Russian Federation. The domestic approach has no analogues because under the Russian doctrine a foreign company can move not only with its rights and obligations, but also with its corporate law. Is it possible to call the foreign law applicable in this way a personal law? Why does the law on international companies not follow the logic of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and does not directly indicate the application of foreign law to international companies and international foundations as a personal law? Can a foreign law partially encroach on the territory of the application of personal law? Is the personal law uniform and indivisible? To answer these questions, the paper analyzes the key characteristics, as well as the novelties of the institute of personal law in relation to international companies, problems arising in this area and ways to solve them. The author concludes that with the globalization of corporate relations, the fragmentation of the scope of personal law will continue. This actualizes the problem of finding mechanisms for the «seamless» application of the norms of different states in the field of application of personal law. The author emphasizes that legislation on international companies can become a regulatory sandbox and contribute to the inclusion of the most modern and effective institutions and approaches in Russian corporate law. Proposed in the paper amendments to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and Law No. 290‑FZ preserve the logic of current regulation and reduce the uncertainty of regulation in the field of application of the personal law of an international company, the risks of subsequent changes in legislation for participants in international companies, as well as the likelihood of conflicts in the case of reference to foreign law.
Insolvency (Bankruptcy) Procedure: Quo Vadis?
Authors: Osmanova D. O.
Published: May 2024

The paper examines the conceptual role of the insolvency (bankruptcy) procedure and the emerging trend towards the dominance of this legal mechanism over other (basic) legal categories. Three key categories are given as examples: the institute of non-interference in private affairs, which in the opposite case is transformed into intervention; the institute of limited liability of the founder (participant) and their legal entity, which presupposes a clear separation of the property masses of these subjects; and the institute of limitation period. It is proved that the bankruptcy procedure modifies the perception of the mentioned categories. Intervention becomes acceptable, which finds expression, for example, in the admissibility of challenging transactions and analyzing the debtor’s economic activities. The boundaries of the assets of a legal entity and an individual are blurred out in the context of the institution of subsidiary liability in bankruptcy. Only the statute of limitations, due to current court practice, is still subject to fewer changes, which are nevertheless present.The author concludes that it is unacceptable to consider the institution of bankruptcy as an instrument of unlimited suppression of other legal structures in favor of the interests of the creditor community. An attempt has been made to demonstrate that the legal essence of the institution of insolvency is much broader than is commonly believed. This, in turn, explains the inadmissibility and danger of perceiving bankruptcy proceedings as a kind of «sacred» legal phenomenon.
DIN 18009-2 – a New German Standard on Evacuation Simulation
Authors: Kneidl Angelika , Seyfried Armin
Published: May 2024

After more than eight years of intensive work, the second part of the German DIN 18009 standard on "Simulation of evacuation and personal safety" was published in August 2022. The DIN 18009 series offers a guideline for fire protection engineering for Germany. The first part "Principles and application rules" was published in 2016, with further parts describing standards for smoke simulation and safety concepts to follow. This marks a milestone in the application of simulation models in the safety context for Germany. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of prescriptive guidelines and performance-based engineering methods in the context of building evacuation. Furthermore, aspects of the application of the DIN 18009-2 are highlighted, and what challenges are still to be tackled and how. This includes in particular the choice and definition of scenarios and performance criteria.
Be FAIR to Pedestrian Dynamics Data
Authors: Boltes Maik , Kandler Alica
Published: May 2024

For improving the safety of people in large crowds, it is of great importance to understand the basic mechanisms of pedestrian dynamics, e.g. with help of experiments. The number of openly shared datasets of these experiments has increased in the last years also due to stricter requirements from journals and funders. We share our own experimental data by an open access data archive which data is widely used in the community.
However, our data and also data of other researchers in the field of pedestrian dynamics is not annotated in a systematic or semantically harmonized way, which impairs FAIRness in general and interoperability specifically. In this paper, we propose a standardized extensible metadata schema and key data structures for trajectories and geometry. The proposed metadata schema and data structures hopefully support the interoperability within the community and will assist to make data reutilization more efficient.
Our own legacy datasets are continuously annotated with essential information using this metadata schema steadily. This metadata is provided beside the converted data on our data archive and thus enhance its findability and reusability.
History and formation of “Limb lengthening and reconstruction surgery — LLRS” as a subspecialty of orthopedic surgery
Authors: Green Stuart A. , Solomin Leonid N.
Published: May 2024

In 1998, the first meeting of members of the Association for the Study and Application of the Methods of Ilizarov (ASAMI) was held in the USA to introduce and popularize the methods developed in Kurgan by Professor G. Ilizarov and his staff. During 2005-2016, other communities worked in parallel with ASAMI, which went beyond the use of only the Ilizarov apparatus. Since 2017, the joint meetings have been called “Combined congress of the ASAMI-BR and ILLRS societies”. This actually became the basis for the definition of “Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Surgery (LLRS)” as a subspecialty of orthopedic surgery that treats patients with nonunions, congenital and acquired long bone, large joints deformities of the upper and lower extremities. LLRS is based on the Ilizarov method and discovery (“Ilizarov effect”) with the rational use of external and internal fixation, osteotomy and soft tissue procedures. It takes at least three years for an orthopedic surgeon to become a specialist in the field of LLRS, and the education must be staged. A significant role in this is played by the ASAMI-BR ILLRS congresses, ExFix LLRS courses held in many countries, ExFix modules integrated into courses provided as part of the education of AO Trauma, as well as extensive world literature.
Act on Support and Resocialization of Minors from the Perspective of Contemporary Trends in Dealing with Minors
Authors: Mudrecka Irena
Published: May 2024

Introduction: On September 1, 2022, the Act on Support and Resocialization of Juveniles entered into force, which replaced the almost 40-year-old Act on Proceedings in Juvenile Cases, which was already considered outdated and inadequate to the realities of the 21st century. Research Aim: The aim of the presented considerations is to interpret selected provisions of the Act on the Support and Resocialization of Juveniles from the perspective of social rehabilitation practice. The issue concerns whether the current legal regulations regarding minors are preventive measures in dealing with minors. In addition, it is important to spread knowledge about new rules for proceedings with minors in order to raise the legal awareness of society, especially educators, teachers and parents, because they are obliged to educate children and young people in this matter, otherwise the law does not fulfill its preventive function. Evidence-based Facts: The new Act on Support and Resocialization of Juveniles duplicates the provisions of the Act on Proceedings in Juvenile Matters in many places. However, there are changes that can be called fundamental. These include the introduction of a lower limit of responsibility for minors, lowering the age of criminal responsibility for minors for the most serious crimes, the possibility of extending the duration of correctional measures in specific situations, the creation of district educational centers, equipping school principals and bodies conducting explanatory proceedings with the competence to use educational measures. Summary: The assessment is not clear, as the new regulations introduce rules corresponding to the retributive model. In addition, the legislator maintained elements of the care model and the restorative justice model. The act also includes provisions that can be assessed as introducing elements of the diversion system.
The Satisfaction of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders with the Specialist Support for Child and Family
Authors: Gagat-Matuła Anna Monika , Gosztyła Tomasz , Lew-Koralewicz Aneta , Marczykowska Izabela
Published: May 2024

Introduction: There is a significant increase in the number of children and adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The principle of collaboration with parents is one of the basic elements of comprehensive support provided to both children with ASD and their families. Research Aim: The aim of the research was a multi-faceted approach to the level of satisfaction of parents of children with ASD with the professional support and a search for personal traits and dispositions related to the level and various aspects of parents’ satisfaction with collaboration with specialists supporting their children and families. Method: The research was carried out in a group of 204 parents of children with ASD. The following measures were used: Family-Professional Partnership Scale (FPPS), Enabling Practices Scale (EPS), Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) – TIPI-PL; Psychological Entitlement Scale (PES), and Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6). Results: The obtained results show an above-average satisfaction of parents with the support they receive. Significant predictors of the satisfaction of surveyed parents with the specialist support were the following personal characteristics and dispositions: gratitude, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness. Conclusions: The results enable an initial assessment of satisfaction with formal support among parents of children with ASD. They also indicate selected personal dispositions related to a high level of satisfaction with the support received.
Dynamics of the social practices of political elites in Ukraine before and after 24 February 2022: an analysis in the context of Pierre Bourdieu's theory
Authors: Iwaniuk Oleksandra
Published: May 2024

This article attempts to analyse the social practices of political elites in Ukraine before and after 24 February 2022. Using the theory of French sociologist and philosopher Pierre Bourdieu, the author analyses the changes taking place in the functioning of Ukraine's political elites and the country's political system as a whole before and during the escalation of the full-scale conflict. The analysis presented here is a continuation of the author's previous research, which looked at the social practices of parliamentary elites in Ukraine between 2002 and 2016. This research was conducted in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and was based on ethnographic observations and in-depth interviews with 55 respondents, mostly MPs' assistants, but also MPs, journalists, political advisors and political scientists. In this study, the author also used later interviews conducted in 2019-2021. In addition, several interviews were conducted for the purpose of the article, in particular with one MP of the parliamentary club 'Servant of the Nation', one MP of the parliamentary club 'Holos', one political scientist and one journalist specialising in reporting on parliamentary proceedings.
Cooperation between Poland and Moldova. Origin, areas, conditions
Authors: Sienkiewicz Mariusz Wiktor
Published: May 2024

Cooperation between Poland and Moldova is carried out on many levels. Its dynamics have been increasing in recent years. This is evidenced by both the intensification of contacts at the intergovernmental level and the increasing number of joint projects implemented, for example, as part of Polish development cooperation. Increased activity in the economic sphere is also noticeable. In recent years, the value of trade between our countries has increased. Political cooperation implemented in the form of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Republic of Poland and the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova as well as at the Polish-Moldavian European Integration Forum is also important. For Moldova, taking into account the specific nature of this country, Polish political activities related to expressed support on the way to European integration are of significant value. Moldova declared its independence on August 27, 1991. As a result of the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the establishment of independent states, on December 27, 1991, the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Poland adopted a resolution on their recognition. Since then, cooperation has been developing in many spheres of political, economic, and social life. This analysis aims to present the most important forms, areas, and effects of cooperation between Poland and Moldova. Given the increasingly closer relations between entities from various sectors in recent years, it is appropriate to show mutual experiences from previous cooperation, but also an outline of common history.