bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Support Vector Machine: A Case Study in the Kert Aquifer for Predicting the Water Quality Index in Mediterranean Zone, Drouich Province, Oriental Region, Morocco
Authors: Gueddari Hicham , Akodad Mustapha , Baghour Mourad , Moumen Abdelmajid , Skalli Ali , Yousfi Yassine El , Ait Hmeid Hanane , Chahban Mohamed , Azizi Ghizlane , Chaibi Mohamed , Riouchi Ouassila , Maach Mostapha , Ismail Ahmed , Zahid Muhammad
Published: January 2023

The expansion of urbanization and the amplification of anthropic activities in the Rif region require the establishment of wells. However, the irrational exploitation of water and natural conditions have generated the rise of the water table and the increase in pollution. Thus, the assessment of water quality has emerged as a significant concern. This study’s goal is to assess the adequacy of groundwater quality in two aquifers in the vicinity of the Mediterranean Zone - Drouich Province and Oriental Region, Morocco, for drinking water needs by taking 62 water samples of the Kert aquifer for 2019. The Water Quality Index (WQI) classifies water quality: as excellent, good, poor, very poor, etc. That is essential for conveying information about water quality to people and decision-makers in the affected area. The WQI in the Kert aquifer varies from 62.3 to 392.3. The calculation of the water quality index (WQI) of the Kert aquifer view is based that 45.16% of groundwater samples are of poor quality, making them acceptable for drinking. The study’s analysis is established with a geographic information system (GIS) setting. The index map provides decision-makers with a complete and interpretable picture for better water resource planning and management. SVM models are shown to account for 87.71% of the varying water quality score. Different statistical and intelligence models may make the index more predictable. These forecasts assist us in better managing the aquifer’s water quality.
Evaluation of Coliform and Faecal Coliform Bacteria in the Lakes of Broknes and Grovnes Peninsula, East Antarctica
Authors: Bhardwaj L. K. , Jindal T.
Published: January 2023

More than 150 lakes on different peninsulas and islands are situated in the Larsemann Hills. The Larsemann Hills is an ice-free area and are located halfway between the Vestfold Hills and the Amery Ice Shelf on the southeastern coast of Prydz Bay, Princess Elizabeth Land, and East Antarctica. During 34th Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica (ISEA) from 2014 to 2015, twenty lake water samples in triplicates were collected from the Broknes & Grovnes peninsula. Coliform and fecal coliform bacteria were analyzed in these samples. Out of twenty, eleven lake water samples were found to be contaminated with coliform bacteria. However, fecal coliform bacteria were absent in all the lake water samples. Coliforms are found in the lakes of Broknes peninsula (P2 Lake & P3 Lake) and Grovnes peninsula (L1C NG, L1D NG, L1E NG, L7 NG, L7A NG, L7B NG, L2 SG, L4 SG & L5 SG). Antarctic lakes water is being polluted due to anthropogenic activities caused by various research activities and tourism. The present study confirms the presence of coliform bacteria in the lakes of East Antarctica which indicates an alarming situation and needs to be investigated further.
An Overview of the Role of Smallholders in Oil Palm Production Systems in Changing Climate
Authors: Abubakar Ahmed , Ishak Mohd Yusoff
Published: January 2023

Oil palm production contributes tremendously to the economies of tropical countries, a location where cultivation takes place. The cultivation of oil palm is usually dominated by smallholders and produces about 40% of global palm oil demand. Therefore, in this study, we aim to investigate the role of smallholder oil palm growers in ensuring palm oil production in a changing climate. This study was based on a conventional literature review. Relevant articles were retrieved using search terms such as “climate change” or “oil palm” or “climate change and oil palm” OR “oil palm smallholders” OR “oil palm growers”. The documents were selected by (i) examining the title of the document, (ii) the abstract (iii) and the content of the document sequentially. Only documents that meet the inclusion criteria were selected for the review. The results of this study demonstrated that global climatic changes have a greater negative effect on oil palm production in the tropics. Rising temperatures result in water stress to the palms, as does variability in rainfall, which reduces productivity, declining floral abortion, increase in pests and diseases infestation, and yield loss. Oil palm smallholder growers contribute immensely to global food security. Smallholders are estimated to manage approximately 40% of the global oil palm planted area, producing 40% of the global palm oil demand. In Africa, smallholders produced more than 60% of palm oil demand, 33% in Papua New Guinea, and 40% in Malaysia. In Latin America, where 87% of oil palm growers are smallholders, they produce over 60% of the demand for palm oil. Oil palm production creates jobs and poverty alleviation, provides the most efficient oil, provides vitamins for body-building, and provides nutritious and healthy food. This study recommends long-term and short-term policies on climate change and oil palm, improved regional academic leadership, with a focus on collaboration with scientists in consumer countries, improved institutional research, and collaboration in research between producer and major consumer countries.
La filosofía como camino de salvación en san Agustín
Authors: Buganza Jacob
Published: January 2023

El artículo busca dar cuenta de las respuestas agustinianas al sentido de la existencia y la salvación desde la perspectiva moral del hiponense. La filosofía, ya desde la Antigüedad remota, pero sobre todo desde la tardía, se propone explícitamente el problema de la existencia, es decir, busca dirimir cuál es el asidero del ser humano. Por ello, en primer lugar, el artículo estudia el papel de la filosofía (y la razón) en la búsqueda del sentido de la existencia; en un segundo momento, y visualizando que la filosofía apunta hacia la trascendencia (a la unidad, en términos neoplatónicos), el trabajo busca dar cuenta de la vía moral que requiere el hombre para alcanzar la salvación, esto es, desde una perspectiva filosófica que no demerita la posición teológica, la cual no es asumida explícitamente en este documento. La respuesta de san Agustín, que se ha vuelto clásica, merece ser recuperada y retomada, aun cuando su debate se dé en el marco del neoplatonismo de su época. Sus ecos, empero, siguen teniendo resonancia.
interdisciplinaridade nas pesquisas científicas: do conceito ao acorde
Authors: dos Santos Rodrigo
Published: January 2023

Resenha do livro:

BARROS, José D’ Assunção. O uso dos conceitos: uma abordagem interdisciplinar. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2021.
A NOVEL ANFIS CONTROLLER BASED V-G ENABLED IN BIDIRECTIONAL EV CHARGER FOR REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION
Authors: Jangam Susmitha  , B.Parasuram
Published: January 2023

As a charger (g2v) and power generator (V2G), the ANFIS controller-based EV charger in off-board EV we propose in this research will also serve as a reactive power compensation device. In the front end, an AC-DC spiralled H-bridge transformer regulates power flow between both the grid as well as the EV battery, whereas a back-end DC-DC transformer controls this same power flow. The charger setup offers galvanic isolation from the rest of the system at the user's end as a safety precaution. The suggested ANFIS management algorithm follows active power instructions for G2V and V2G operation, as well as reactive power orders from the utility grid, as required, by controlling EV current and battery current. In addition, an adaptive notch filter-based controller is built for phase estimation and produced reference current synchronisation. The suggested control approach eliminates the phase-locked loop (PLL) from the controller design. Because the controller's steady-state and transient performance increases, its computing complexity reduces. A MATLAB/Simulink model of
a 12.6 kVA off-board charge is also developed, and the proposed control individual's performance is assessed during in the EV charger's G2V, V2G, & power factor correction operations.
Respuesta clínica completa de un carcinoma primario de células escamosas de recto.
Authors: Caruso Emiliano , Lendoire de Undurraga Mateo , Rotholtz Nicolás Agustín , Bun Maximiliano Enrique
Published: January 2023

El carcinoma de células escamosas (SCC) rectal primario es una enfermedad rara con solo unos pocos casos informados en la literatura. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de sexo femenino que cursa con carcinoma escamoso de recto tratado con readioquimio terapia.
PENGARUH MEDIA PUZZLE HURUF TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL HURUF PADA ANAK USIA DINI 4-5 TAHUN DI TK ISLAM HANIFA KARAWANG
Authors: Purnamasari Mita Dewi , Darmiyanti Astuti , Putri Feronica Eka
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media Puzzel Letters terhadap keterampilan pengenalan huruf siswa PAUD. TK Islam Hanifa Karawang. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen kuantitatif. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Pre-Experimental Designs dengan model One Group Pretest Posttest. Penelitian ini melibatkan 10 siswa, terdiri dari enam perempuan dan empat laki-laki. Penelitian ini menggunakan tes awal (pretest) untuk mengetahui kemampuan awal anak sebelum mendapatkan terapi (treatment) dengan pembelajaran memanfaatkan media puzzle, serta tes akhir (posttest) untuk menilai kemampuan akhir anak setelah diberikan perlakuan dengan media letter puzzle. Data tersebut kemudian dihitung dengan menggunakan metode analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif untuk menentukan dan mengkarakterisasi hasil dari data lapangan yang dikumpulkan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan Paired Samples T-Test diperoleh nilai signifikansi yaitu Thitung sebesar 6,885 > Ttabel sebesar 2,262 dengan sig. (0,000) (0,05), dengan demikian Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rata-rata antara pretest dan posttest, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa media Puzzle Huruf berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan mengenal huruf pada anak usia dini 4-5 tahun di TK Islam Hanifa Karawang.
PENGARUH METODE PROYEK TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Rahmi Nazmi Nailul , Tuti Hayati  , Arif Nursihah
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan berpikir kritis anak usia dini. Hal tersebut terlihat pada saat kegiatan pembelajaran di mana anak cenderung diam dan kurang merespon pada saat guru mengajukan pertanyaan, anak kurang berani dalam mengungkapkan ide ketika guru memberikan kesempatan, anak belum bisa memberikan alasan ketika memilih jawaban, serta anak kurang aktif dalam menyimpulkan kegiatan apa saja yang telah dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuasi eksperimen dengan desain nonequivalent control group design. Subjek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 14 anak di kelompok B RA Yapinur Limbangan Garut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh, yang berarti semua populasi dijadikan sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan metode proyek dibandingkan dengan penggunaan metode bercerita terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis anak usia dini.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN SHALAT KHUSYU’ TERHADAP KECEMASAN AKADEMIS PADA MAHASISWA MAGISTER PROFESI UNIVERSITAS X
Authors: Rufaidah Hanny , Imaniar Naomi , Fitriana Riza
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan shalat khusyu’ terhadap kecemasan akademis pada mahasiswa magister profesi universitas x. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah, adanya pengaruh pelatihan shalat khusyu’ terhadap kecemasan dan adanya perbedaan antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 10 orang, yang terdiri dari 5 orang kelompok kontrol dan 5 orang kelompok eksperimen. Data di analisis dengan menggunakan paired sampel t-test. Berdasarkan analisis uji t-test diperoleh hasil t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel 3,194 artinya bahwa pelatihan shalat khusyu’ mampu menurunkan tingkat kecemasan akademis.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI DIGITAL E-BANKING TERHADAP PENINGKATAN MINAT NASABAH BERTRANSAKSI ONLINE
Authors: Syarif Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Perkembangan industri perbankan menuntut untuk memiliki keunggulan yang kompetitif yang pada akhirnya memunculkan fasilitas teknologi informasi berupa e-banking. Komunikasi digital e-banking dilakukan dengan tujuan agar semakin banyaknya minat nasabah bertransaksi online yang tertarik untuk terus menggunakan layanan maupun jasa perusahaan perbankan. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan langsung di Bank BTN Cabang Panakukang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Tipe penelitian ini menggunakan analisa regresi linear sederhana dengan maksud mencari pengaruh antara variabel independen (X) dengan variabel dependen (Y), dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian asosiatif. Adapun sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 97 nasabah. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dokumentasi.
Komunikasi digital berpengaruh positif terhadap minat nasabah bertransaksi online di Bank BTN Cabang Panakukang, dengan nilai Sig. pada pengujian hipotesis, variabel komunikasi digital adalah 0.000 < 0.05 dan nilai t hitung 17.118 > t tabel 1.985. berdasarkan kedua asumsi tersebut komunikasi digital mempengaruhi minat transaksi online dengan nilai koefisien determinasi 0.755 atau dengan persentase 75.5%. Nilai tersebut mengandung arti bahwa variabel terikat (minat transaksi online) dapat diinterpretasikan oleh variabel komunikasi digital sebesar 75.5%.
Ethnic Diversity and Capital Formation in West African Countries
Authors: Osisanwo Bukonla G. , Koredele Onayemi S.
Published: January 2023

This paper investigates how ethnic diversity influenced capital formation in West African countries using a cross-country dataset ranging from 1991 to 2017. Using the fully modified ordinary least square method, the results showed that one of the important factors responsible for capital formation in the region is ethnic diversity. Other factors found influencing capital formation in the region were interest rate, foreign direct investment, inflation rate and financial development. Thus, the government should ensure that the countries' resources are not controlled and beneficial to the people with the same cultural groups as it accounted for the poor state of the region's investment base.
The top managers of SMEs can derive the disruptive innovation through knowledge process capabilities and creativity of subordinates
Authors: Awan Khurram Zafar
Published: January 2023

Globalization trends have been increasing all over the world and firms are overly emphasizing advanced technologies in the business world for gaining competitive advantages. While disruptive innovation is also a trigger for these firms to adapt and capture lower-end markets. This is a big challenge for the top managers of organizations to derive disruptive innovation by encouraging their subordinates for utilizing the knowledge process capabilities and creating novel ideas. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of knowledge process capabilities with disruptive innovation of the manufacturer and service sector small and medium enterprises. Data was collected from 194 senior managers of manufacturer and service sector SMEs in Pakistan (N = 194) and valid scales were used for measuring all constructs of this study model. SPSS and AMOS programs were used for analyzing the CFA of the measurement model and SEM of the study model. The study results indicated significant and positive relationships between knowledge process capabilities and subordinate creativity and disruptive innovation. Furthermore, subordinate creativity was completely mediated in the relationship between knowledge process capabilities and disruptive innovation. This study contributed to the literature on knowledge management and innovations. This is a cross-sectional study and can guide SMEs to adopt disruptive innovation for capturing low-end markets where lower-stream customers are demanding cheap products/services. Through practicing this study model, practitioners, researchers, and CEOs of SMEs can foster disruptive innovation.
Regulating Students Behavioral Emotions: The Mediating Role of Intention and Perceived Belief Control
Authors: Murad Muhammad , Malik Areeba Ather , Mirza Abou Bakar , Ullah Muhammad Imdad
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study is to determine the role of perceived belief control and intention in the behavioural emotion regulation of Pakistani students. Indeed, the behaviour of every student is different from that of each other, and due to this behavioural change, every individual has a different value. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire was developed to determine the relationship between innovative machine learning behaviour and behavioural emotion regulation. The study found that innovative machine learning is critical with the mediating role of perceived belief control and intention to influence students' behavioural emotions in higher educational institutes. In the same way, the study has significant theoretical implications as it contributes to knowledge in a unique framework. Meanwhile, the practical implications of the research are also important to consider for better control and regulation of human behaviour with the help of perceived belief control and intention. The directions for future studies are also presented in the last section of the study.
Role of AEOs and Educational Administration in Teachers’ Performance at School
Authors: Bagum Munwar , Nawaz Aneela , Khan Rabbia Khalil
Published: January 2023

Educational Administration is one of the mechanisms that governments use to ensure accountability to the public in terms of the value for money invested in the education systems, and to raise educational standards and quality of teaching in schools. The major purpose of this study was to investigate the “Role of AEO’S Educational Administration in Teachers’ Performance at Primary Level”. The study focused on determining the relationship between AEO’S supervision and teachers’ performance in Primary schools in Vehari. Researcher used co-relational design and questionnaire was developed and five-point Likert scale was used to find results on the basis of findings and conclusion. A total of 50% samples was taken from target population which include 28 AEO’S (Male), 22 AEO’S (Female) of district Vehari were taken as a sample of the study.  After analysis of data, it was found that there is a significant role of AEO’s educational administration in teacher's performance in developing vision about teaching, Administrative Supervision and Helping the Teachers in their Performance. It was recommended that institutions concentrate on turning pleasant things into helpful things, such as educational leadership styles that promote them as a tool for not just communication and enjoyment but also learning.
Clinical and Angiographic Findings of Complete Atrioventricular Block in Acute Inferior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jim Man-Hong , Chan Annie OO , Tse Hung-Fat , Barold Serge S , Lau Chu-Pak
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The angiographic findings and prognosis of patients with complete atrioventricular block (AVB) complicating acute inferior myocardial infarction (MI) remain unclear. Materials and Methods: The clinical and angiographic findings of 70 consecutive patients with complete AVB were compared with those of 319 patients with inferior MI without AVB (control group) admitted within the same study period. Results: Patients with complete AVB were older (68 ± 12 vs 63 ± 13 years; P = 0.004) and clustered with clinical features indicative of larger infarct size, such as right ventricular infarction, cardiogenic shock, or low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The onset of the complete AVB was observed within 24 hours in 62 (88.6%), preceded by second-degree AVB in 26 (37.1%) and the escape QRS complex was wide in 8 (11.4%) patients. In patients with complete AVB, a dominant right coronary artery occlusion was found in >95% of cases and in-hospital mortality was increased (27.1% vs 10.7%; P = 0.000), especially in those with widen QRS escape rhythm (75.0%). Reperfusion therapy had a positive impact on the natural course of complete AVB. Conclusions: Complete AVB in acute inferior MI was associated with advanced age and larger infarct size. Complete AVB was virtually always caused by dominant right coronary artery occlusion. The in-hospital mortality was significantly higher, but improved by reperfusion therapy. No permanent pacemaker is performed at a mean follow-up of 47 months.

Key words: Coronary angiography, In-hospital mortality
Management of Antiplatelet Therapy During Acute Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: New Strategies and Therapeutics
Authors: Tan Jack WC , Guo Kenneth WQ
Published: January 2023

Aggressive intravenous and oral dual antiplatelet therapy has established primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as the standard of care for acute myocardial infarction. Clopidogrel is currently the thienopyridine of choice for dual antiplatelet therapy in patients treated with PCI. The dose regime and duration of therapy of clopidogrel has undergone multiple refinements. Recently, 2 novel third generation oral inhibitors of P2Y12 receptors, prasugrel and ticagrelor, have undergone clinical evaluation with promising results. This article is a non-exhaustive review of the literature, concentrating on the role of current and novel oral antiplatelet agents for acute myocardial infarction particularly highlighting the limitations and issues associated with clopidogrel use.

Key words: Acute myocardial infarction, Clopidogrel, Dual antiplatelet therapy, Prasugrel, Ticagrelor
Risk Stratification for Sudden Cardiac Death after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Liew Reginald , Chiam Paul TL
Published: January 2023

Many patients who survive an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remain at risk of recurrent cardiac events and sudden cardiac death after discharge, despite optimal medical treatment. Assessment of the degree of left ventricular dysfunction and residual myocardial ischaemia is useful to identify the patients at greatest risk. In addition, there is increasing evidence that a number of other cardiovascular tests can be used to detect autonomic dysfunction and myocardial substrate abnormalities postAMI that increase the risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. These investigations include ECG-based tests (signal averaged ECG and T-wave alternans), Holter-based recordings (heart rate variability and heart rate turbulence) and imaging techniques echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance), as well as invasive electrophysiological testing. This article reviews the current evidence for the use of these additional cardiac investigations among survivors of AMI to aid in their risk stratification for malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

Key words: Electrophysiological study, Holter recording, Non-invasive tests, Ventricular tachycardia
Acute Myocardial Infarction in Pregnant Women
Authors: Poh Chin-Leng , Lee Chi-Hang
Published: January 2023

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in pregnant women is a rare but potentially lethal occurrence that should be carefully managed, especially in consideration of cardiac conditions being a rising cause of maternal deaths. Risk factors for AMI occurrence, in addition to typical cardiac-related risk factors, include medical conditions such as (pre) eclampsia, blood transfusions, thrombophilia and postpartum infections. Being older, multigravida or in the third trimester of pregnancy is also associated with an increased risk. The pathophysiological causes underlying AMI in pregnancy are diverse but generally associated with the coagulative and physiological changes related to the pregnancy. The selection of diagnostic modality and treatment options require careful consideration for pregnancy-related changes as well as risk of harm to the patient and fetus. This paper serves to review available literature regarding an extensive range of management issues that directly impact on maternal and fetal outcomes.

Key words: Myocardial infarction, Pregnancy complications, Obstetric labour complications
An Epidemiological Study of 1348 Cases of Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Admitted to Singapore Hospitals from July to September 2009
Authors: Subramony Hariharan , Lai Florence YL , Ang Li Wei , Cutter Jeffery L , Lim Poh Lian , James Lyn
Published: January 2023

Introduction: We reviewed the epidemiological features of 1348 hospitalised cases of influenza A (H1N1-2009) [pandemic H1N1] infection in Singapore reported between 15 July and 28 September 2009. Materials and Methods: Data on the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of hospitalised patients with confirmed pandemic H1N1 infection were collected from all restructured and private hospitals in Singapore using a standard template and were analysed retrospectively. Results: Of the 1348 cases, 92 were classified as severely ill (i.e. were admitted to an intensive care unit and/or who died). Of these severely ill cases, 50 (54.3%) required mechanical ventilation. While overall hospitalisation rates were highest in the 0 to 11 months age group, the incidence of severely ill cases was highest in patients aged 65 years and older. Fifty per cent of all hospitalised cases and 28% of all severely ill cases did not have any underlying medical conditions. The following factors were found to be independently associated with a higher likelihood of severe illness: older age and the presence of the following comorbidities: neuromuscular disorders, epilepsy and obesity. Conclusion: Between 15 July and 28 September 2009, pandemic H1N1 infection caused significant illness requiring hospitalisation, as well as intensive care and mechanical ventilation in some cases. There were 18 deaths from pandemic H1N1 during this period, which corresponded to a case-fatality rate of 7 deaths for every 100,000 cases of pandemic H1N1.

Key words: Epidemiology, Hospitalisation, Influenza A (H1N1-2009)
International Health Regulations: Lessons From the Influenza Pandemic in Singapore
Authors: Low Chew Ling , Chan Pei Pei , Cutter Jeffery L , Foong Bok Huay , James Lyn , Ooi Peng Lim
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Singapore’s defense against imported novel influenza A (H1N1-2009) comprised public health measures in compliance with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Health Regulations (IHR), 2005. We report herein on the epidemiology and control of the first 350 cases notified between May and June 2009. Materials and Methods: We investigated the first 350 laboratory-confirmed cases of novel influenza A (H1N1-2009) identified from the healthcare institutions between 27 May and 25 June 2009. Epidemiological details of these cases were retrieved and analysed. Contact tracing and active case finding were also instituted for each reported case, and relevant particulars including flight information were provided to WHO and overseas counterparts. Results: The first 350 novel influenza A (H1N1-2009) cases comprised 221(63%) imported cases, 124 (35%) locally acquired cases and 5 (2%) cases with unknown source. The imported cases consisted of three waves involving the United States (US), Australia and Southeast Asia. In the first wave, 11 (69%) of the 16 imported cases had visited the US within seven days prior to their onset of illness between 25 May and 4 June 2009. In the second wave, 20 (74%) of the 27 imported cases between 5 June and 12 June had travelled to Melbourne, Australia. In the third wave, 90 (51%) of the 178 imported cases between 13 June and 25 June were acquired from intra-regional travel in Southeast Asia. Specifically, 49 cases were from the Philippines and 40 (82%) of them had travelled to Manila. A total of 667 communications were effected through the IHR mechanism; a majority within 24 hours of disease notification. Conclusion: Singapore experienced an unprecedented need for international co-operation in surveillance and response to this novel Influenza A (H1N1-2009) pandemic. The IHR mechanism served as a useful channel to engage in regional cooperation concerning disease surveillance and data sharing, but requires improvement.

Key words: Cooperation, Imported, Influenza A (H1N1-2009), Transmission
Exploring Sundanese Folklore in the Cultural Diversity of the Ciletuh Palabuhanratu Geopark, West Java, Indonesia
Authors:   Department of Linguistics Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java-Indonesia., Mahmud Erlina Zulkifli , Sobarna Cece , Afsari Asri Soraya
Published: January 2023

This research article is about the exploration of Sundanese folklore in the Ciletuh Palabuhanratu Geopark which is now also known as the Ciletuh Palabuhanratu UNESCO Global Geopark. It refers to an area along the south-west coast of Sukabumi West Java, Indonesia. The Ciletuh Palabuhanratu Geopark is rich not only with its natural diversity like geodiversity and biodiversity but also with its cultural diversity. This article is made as one of the outputs of the community service done in Waluran village in the Sukabumi regency of West Java. This village is just one tiny place situated in the vast areas of the Geopark. The problem is that the cultural diversity around the Geopark has not been thoroughly explored yet, including its folklore. Using qualitative method, this research is aimed at exploring the Sundanese folklore specifically the intangible one involving legends and tales through the active participation of the Palapah cultural activist community and the local tour guides. The community service results in the emergence of folklore explored by each target participant from their surrounding area and the majority of them deal with the naming of places called toponym. It can be explored that the geodiversity is reflected in the place names.
IMPLEMENTATION OF 21ST CENTURY LEARNING PRINCIPLES ON LOCAL CONTENT OF JAVANESE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN EAST JAVA
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Surabaya, SUBRATA HERU
Published: January 2023

This research needs to be carried out to find answers to the problem of local content of elementary school Javanese language learning in the East Java region. This study aims to collect information related to teacher competence, understanding of learning content, media use, learning design, and perspectives on information technology in Javanese language learning in elementary schools in East Java. This study used mixed/collaborative research methods (descriptive qualitative) and quantitative, in a sample of 194 elementary school teachers in the East Java region. This study used instruments in the form of structured observation sheets and questionnaires whose dissemination procedures used google forms. Observation data is processed descriptively and qualitatively and questionnaire data is processed with the help of SPSS software. The results showed that the implementation of Javanese language learning in elementary schools 80% has not implemented the principles of 21st-century learning, which among others require pedagogical, professional, and information technology elements. These results will be used as a basis for decision-making, to meet the needs of providing services for teachers in elementary schools, as well as in adobe technology in the practice of learning quality and useful Javanese local content as academic studies and for practical purposes for elementary school teachers.
Implementation of the principle of consciousness and activity in the process of training young sambo wrestlers as the embodiment of harmony between body and spirit
Authors: Stukova Ekaterina Arcadievna , Vladimirovna Byankina Larisa , Alekseevna Manikovskaya Mariya , Victorovich Galitsyn Sergey , Vasilyevich Byankin Vladimir
Published: January 2023

The article is dedicated to examining the All-Russian project “Sambo to School”, which aims at not only improving children’s physical characteristics and mastery of sports but also developing their spiritual and moral qualities and bringing harmony between the body and the spirit. The purpose of the present study is to determine the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the principle of consciousness and activity in the process of training young sambo wrestlers training as part of the third physical education lesson at school. A pedagogical experiment is conducted on the basis of the Municipal secondary school №6 of Khabarovsk (Russia) as part of the additional physical education lesson and sambo lessons. As a result of the work, psychological and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the principle of consciousness and activity in the activities of primary school children are investigated, developed, and implemented. The article presents an analysis of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the realization of the principle of consciousness and activity among children starting to do sambo. Summarization of the obtained experimental data is conducted as a result of the development and application of a method for realizing the principle of consciousness and activity in primary school students’ training in sambo techniques. The results of the study showed the positive impact of practicing a conscious approach to training process and daily duties, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed influences for harmonizing the students’ personalities and their spiritual and moral development.
Keywords: pedagogical principles, consciousness, activity, sambo, psychological and pedagogical conditions.
Physical activity levels of Portuguese adolescents in the first period of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the first activities of teachers and coaches: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gomes Lúcia , Martins João , Ramos Madalena , Carreiro da Costa Francisco
Published: January 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, social confinement was declared in Portugal on 19th March 2020. Schools and sports clubs were closed, access to all sports and leisure facilities was limited, and young people have experienced restrictions regarding the practice of physical activities and sports. The purpose of this study was to identify the physical activity (PA) levels and sports participation of adolescents before and during confinement, with whom they practice during restrictions and to identify the activities adopted by their physical education (PE) teachers and sports coaches to keep them physically active. An online survey was conducted between March 27th and April 14th 2020. A total of 3,012 Portuguese adolescents (57% females) aged between 10 and 19 years old (14.3±2.4 years old) took part in this study. Wilcoxon test and paired-sample t-test and chi-square test of independence were used in the data analysis. The results show that the number of students engaged in PA increased during the lockdown (72.7% to 88.2%). For those who practiced PA before lockdown, the frequency of PA decreased from 4.7 sessions/week to 4.4 sessions/week (during confinement). For those who did not practice PA before confinement, they started by doing 4.1 sessions/week. The vast majority of PE teachers (77.3%) proposed some pedagogical activities such as video conference classes (53.6%). Regarding the coaches, 53.4% proposed some activity, mainly time circuit training, walking and cycling (around 18% each), or specific training exercises and video conference classes (about 12% each). The number of students who increased their regular PA practice can be justified by the immediate intervention of PE teachers, who implemented several online activities, or because students were able to choose different options to stay active.
Keywords: physical education, physical activity, sport, teachers, coaches, COVID-19
¿Existen diferencias en la fuerza máxima, la flexibilidad y la composición corporal en los competidores de CrossFit® según su categoría? (Are there differences in maximal strength, flexibility, and body composition in CrossFit® competitors according to their category?)
Authors: Valencia Sánchez Wilder Geovanny , Hoyos Manrique Juan Esteban , Bedoya Chavarría William Esteban , Agudelo Velásquez Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2023

. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las diferencias de rendimiento en la fuerza máxima en sentadilla y banca plana, flexibilidad y composición corporal en los competidores de Crossfit® según su categoría. El diseño del estudio fue no experimental descriptivo de carácter transversal. Los participantes fueron 30 sujetos (edad 26.6 ± 5.2 años; masa 77 ± 9.4 kg; talla 172.8 ± 7 cm) practicantes de Crossfit® a nivel competitivo en las categorías intermedio, avanzado y elite. La fuerza máxima fue evaluada con la prueba de repetición máxima en sentadilla y banca plana; la flexibilidad se midió con el Flexitest y la composición corporal con bio-impedancia. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < .001) en la fuerza máxima al comparar las categorías competitivas. Estos valores de fuerza máxima aumentan a medida que avanza la categoría de competición. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias en la flexibilidad, masa, porcentaje de grasa o porcentaje de masa muscular.
Palabras clave: Rendimiento deportivo CrossFit®; entrenamiento funcional de alta intensidad; indicadores físicos; rendimiento de referencia; fuerza.
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine performance differences in maximal squat and flat bench strength, flexibility, and body composition in CrossFit® competitors according to their category. The study design was non-experimental descriptive in a cross-sectional nature. The participants were 30 subjects (age 26.6 ± 5.2 years; mass 77 ± 9.4 kg; height 172.8 ± 7 cm) who practiced CrossFit® at a competitive level in the intermediate, advanced, and elite categories. Maximum strength was determined using the flat bench chest press and squat in the one repetition maximum test; flexibility was determined using the Flexitest; and body composition was determined using bio-impedance. When comparing the competitive categories, statistically significant differences (p < .001) in maximum strength were discovered. These values increase as the competition category progresses. However, there were no differences in flexibility, mass, percentage of fat, or percentage of muscle mass.
Keywords: CrossFit® sport performance; high-intensity functional training; fitness indicators; physical indicators; benchmark performance; strength.
Efectos del entrenamiento pliométrico sobre la velocidad de desplazamiento, fuerza resistencia y explosiva en mujeres mayores sedentarias (Effects of pliometric trainning on speed movement, resistance and explosive strenght in sedentary elderly women)
Authors: Espinoza-Salinas Alexis , Peiret Luis , Arenas Sanchez Giovanny , Cigarroa Igor , Gajardo Nicolas , Gonzalez Ignacio , Farias Claudio
Published: January 2023

La mejora de la fuerza de las extremidades inferiores tiene implicancias significativas en la funcionalidad de las personas mayores. El objetivo del estudio fue evidenciar el efecto del entrenamiento pliométrico (EP) sobre los parámetros de velocidad de desplazamiento, fuerza resistencia y explosiva en mujeres mayores sedentarias. 30 mujeres entre 60-75 años fueron intervenidas en un programa de 4 semanas, 3 veces por semana divididas en Grupo Experimental (GE) y Grupo Control (GC). Fueron evaluadas pre y post intervención con el test velocidad en 10 metros, potencia mediante la prueba CMJ y la evaluación del Test 30s CST. Se analizaron las variables mediante la prueba estadística U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: El EP mejoró en forma significativa la velocidad de desplazamiento (p<0,0001) y potencia muscular (p<0,0001), fuerza resistencia y explosiva no se encontraron diferencias significativas. Se concluye que cuatro semanas de EP es una estrategia eficaz para mejorar la velocidad de desplazamiento en mujeres mayores sedentarias.
Palabras clave: educación y entrenamiento físico, rendimiento físico funcional, fuerza muscular, anciano frágil, capacidad Funcional.
Abstract. The improvement of lower extremity strength has significant implications in the functionality of the elderly. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the effect of plyometric training (PT) on the variables gait speed, strength and explosive power in sedentary elderly women. 30 women between 60-75 years old were intervened in a 4-week program, 3 times per week divided into Experimental Group (EG) and Control Group (CG). They were evaluated pre- and post-intervention with the 10-meter speed test, power using the CMJ test and the evaluation of the 30s CST test. The variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U statistical test. Results: The PE significantly improved displacement speed (p<0.0001) and muscular power (p<0.0001), endurance and explosive strength were not found to be significantly different. It is concluded that four weeks of PE is an effective strategy to improve running speed in sedentary older women.
Keywords: education and physical training, functional physical performance, muscle strength, frail elderly, Functional capacity.
Cabaran Guru dalam Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek Mod Teradun dalam Konteks Sekolah di Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Kadir Nadiah , Jamaludin Khairul Azhar
Published: January 2023

Revolusi Industri 4.0 dan pandemik Covid-19 telah menyebabkan berlakunya perkembangan yang mendadak dalam penggunaan teknologi dalam kalangan guru dan murid di Malaysia. Justeru, pembelajaran berasaskan projek mod teradun merupakan suatu pendekatan yang berpotensi untuk memenuhi keperluan industri pada masa akan datang. Kajian ini membincangkan isu dan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh guru dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran berasaskan projek mod teradun. Hasil dapatan daripada kajian-kajian lepas, cabaran guru yang perlu diatasi dapat dilihat dalam tiga aspek, iaitu a) kemahiran teknologi, b) pengetahuan kandungan dan pedagogi, serta c) sikap dan efikasi kendiri guru dalam melaksana pendekatan ini. Cadangan penambahbaikan yang boleh dibuat ialah peningkatan profesionalisme guru melalui kursus dan latihan dalam teknologi dan amalan pedagogi. Peranan kepimpinan sekolah dalam menyediakan sokongan, kemudahan dan kewangan akan membantu guru dari segi motivasi untuk mempertingkatkan amalan pengajaran yang berkesan dan bermakna.
TOKOH UTSMANI MUDA DAN IDE PEMBAHARUANNYA
Authors: Khaliq Khaliq , Santalia Indo , Wahyuddin Wahyuddin
Published: January 2023

Kesultanan Ottoman di Turki melewati banyak fase dimulai pada abad ke-19 dan sangat mempengaruhi perjalanan sejarah pemerintahan ini.  Salah satu fase pada perjalanan sejarah yang dimaksud adalah munculnya gerakan utsmani muda. Utsmani muda adalah gerakan intelektual pemuda Turki yang dianggap berlawanan dengan pemerintah, pada perjalanannya golongan intelektual ini memiliki banyak sumbangsih ide-ide pemikiran dan memberikan pengaruh pada perjalananan sejarah kesultanan ottoman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sejarah munculnya gerakan utsmani muda, tokoh utsmani muda dan bagaimana pengaruh ide-ide pemikirannya terhadap kesultanan ottoman turki.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-analisis dan penelitian kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa tokoh utsmani muda diantaranya Ibrahim Sinasi memiliki ide yang disebarkan melalui media cetak tantang hak-hak rakyat pendapat umum, kesadaran nasional, pemerintahan konstitusional, dan sebagainya, selanjutnya Ziyad Pasya memiliki ide tentang sistem pemerintahan konstitusional yang berlandaskan syariat Islam, Namik Kemal memiliki ide tentang model konstitusi yang memiliki Majlis Negara (Sura-yi Deylet), Majlis Nasional (Sura-yi Ummet), dan Senat (Meclis-I Ayan), sedangkan Midhat Pasya memiliki ide bentuk konstitusi demokrati dengan pengunaan term-term syariah seperti musyawarah, untuk perwakilan rakyat, Syari’at untuk konstitusi, dan bai’ah untuk kedaulatan rakyat.
KAJIAN TAFSIR ILMI TENTANG HEWAN MAMALIA DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Ni'mah Siar , Arif Ahmad Marzuki Muzakkir Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Hewan, sebagaimana manusia adalah makhluk Allah yang di dalam Al-Qur’an menduduki posisinya masing-masing. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang membahas tentang penafsiran ilmi terkait hewan, khususnya hewan mamalia di dalam Al-Qur’an. Jenis penelitian yang dipilih dalam kajian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research).  Penelitian kepustakaan yang dimaksud adalah meninjau literatur khususnya literatur kitab tafsir untuk menganalisa bagaimana hewan mamalia diketengahkan di dalam Al-Qur’an. Karena itu analisis isi (content analysis) dipilih sebagai analisis data untuk menghadirkan kesimpulan yang tepat. Hasilnya: 1) di dalam Al-Qur’an ketika disebutkan jenis hewan mamalia maka tidak hanya sekedar disebutkan tetapi kehadiran hewan juga sebagai ladang tafakur bagi manusia, 2) hewan mamalia yang disebutkan tidak selalu bermakna hakiki, tetapi juga bermakna majazi.
EKSISTENSI TAFSIR BIL RA'YI
Authors: Kusnadi Kusnadi , Nisa Raidatun
Published: January 2023

Kajian ini bertemakan “Eksistensi Tafsir Bil Ra’yi”, menggunakan metode library research. Fokus analisis bermuara pada eksistensi tafsir bil ra’yi baik dari segi defenisi, langkah kedudukan, kelebihan dna kekurangan serta contohnya. Tafsie bil ra’yi merupakan salah satu metode dalam menafsirkan al-Qur’an dengan mengedepankan rasio penafsir dan dianggap sebagai salah satu metode yang mampu memberikan temuan yang aktual meski dianggap sebagai metode yang kurang sempurna oleh Ibnu Taimiyah. Meski demikian, kedudukannya dapat menjadi mahmudah dan mazmumah bergantung pada mekanisme dan pemenuhan syarat tafsir dan tujuannya.
A Study on China’s Characteristics’ Negotiation Strategy
Authors:   Global Knowledge and Convergence Association, Kang Byung-Hwan
Published: January 2023

This paper divides China’s negotiations into three major types: hostile negotiations, concession-type negotiations, and ‘collision and cooperation’. Hostile negotiations are negotiations that are conducted with the intention of distrusting one side, lack of goodwill. As an example of hostile negotiations, the text cites the armistice negotiations in the Korean War and the ambassador-level talks between China and the United States from 1955 to 1970 as examples. Concession negotiations are similar to tributary-typed negotiation. In other words, it is a type of negotiation in which economic interests are sacrificed for political gain. The economic deficit can be compensated by a political surplus. As an example of concession-type negotiations, this article mainly analyzes the 23 agreements signed between Taiwan and mainland China in the Ma Ying-jiu period (2008-2016) and the agreements signed by China with the Third World countries before open door policy. ‘Conflict and cooperative negotiation’ is a negotiation in which both sides have common interests and there is also a conflict of interest between the two sides. As an example of this type, this article focuses on the The Sino-British Joint Declaration and the 1972 Shanghai Communique between China and the US. This paper intend to derive a unique negotiation strategy to China that is distinct from negotiation with other countries. At the same time, This paper is to provide a useful reference for experts in various fields who will know China’s negotiating strategy and behavior, and will engage in negotiations with China.