bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lecturers' Perceptions on the Effectiveness of In-Service Training Programs at Selected Public Sector Organisations in Namibia
Authors: Kapenda Hileni Magano , Pieters Lucky
Published: June 2017

The training programs, irrespective of their scopes and time frames, aims to enrich the skills, knowledge level and attitude of participants so that they eventually enhance organizational performance. The training institution investigated in this study did not have a training evaluation policy at its inception. Hence, the aim of this paper is to report on the lecturers’ views on the effectiveness of in-service training at one of the public sector organization in Namibia. The study adopted a quantitative approach and a total of 32 academic staff participated in it. The results indicate that the majority of respondents are of the view that the institution does not conduct training need assessments. They also expressed that the in-service training programs provided by the institution do not empower them to become better teachers. It is thus recommended that the institution provides in-service training programs that specifically improve lecturers’ pedagogical skills in this regard.
Protecting Teachers or Protecting Children? Media Representations of Vergara v. California
Authors: Powers Jeanne M. , Chapman Kathryn P.
Published: June 2017

Over the past five years, the laws governing teachers’ employment have been at the center of legal and political conflicts in state courts and elections across the United States.  Vergara v. California challenged five California state statutes that provide employment protections for teachers.  Drawing on the theory of political spectacle, we conducted a media content analysis of 42 print news media articles published prior to the court’s decision in June 2014.  Two aspects of political spectacle, the use of metaphor and the illusion of rationality were the most salient and deployed in ways that were more closely aligned with the student plaintiffs’ claims than the statutes’ defenders.  We conclude by highlighting how the framing of these and other similar stories may shape subsequent debates about public education in the United States.
Traditional Apprenticeship, Normative Expectations and Sustainability of Masonry Vocation in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Liadi Olusegun Fariudeen , Olutayo Olanrewaju Akinpelu
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this article is to examine whether the normative expectations among masons has positive or negative influence on young people’s interest in masonry. The norms and values a vocation’s practitioners operate with may affect the appeal of the vocation to new and potential apprentices. Yet, whether or not a vocation continues to survive depend on how successful its norms and values order expectations of different categories of people in its fold. Data were derived from interviews and focused discussions among 30 masons and 16 apprentices. The results show that normative relations between masons and apprentices increase apprentices’ anxiety. There are indications that apprentices find challenging some of the conventions that dictate the process of training. Whereas master masons feel less concern about traditional expectations on apprentices, many apprentices believe that some aspects of informal apprenticeship training process emphasize disturbing social and economic interaction with attendant disinterestedness among apprentices.
Privacidade como ameaça à segurança pública: uma história de empreendedorismo moral | Privacy as a threat to public security: A story of moral entrepreneurship
Authors: Bezerra Arthur Coelho
Published: June 2017

RESUMO O artigo trata da relação entre privacidade e segurança pública, tendo como base o discurso de autoridades norte-americanas (como o presidente Barack Obama e seu diretor de inteligência nacional) e brasileiras (como os deputados que assinam a recém-aprovada CPI dos Crimes Cibernéticos) sobre a importância do monitoramento e do acesso a dados pessoais como forma de combate a uma série de atividades criminosas. A hipótese é a de que a privacidade como “ameaça” é resultado de uma “cruzada moral” (nos termos de Howard S. Becker) que mascara as perspectivas de controle político e obtenção de vantagens econômicas oriundas das práticas de vigilância de comunicações digitais. Palavras-chave:  Privacidade; Segurança Pública; Vigilância; Empreendedorismo Moral; Crimes Cibernéticos.ABSTRACT The article deals with the relationship between privacy and public security, based on the speech by US (such as President Barack Obama and his Director of National Intelligence) and Brazil authorities (such as the deputies who signed the recently approved Cybercrime Report) on the importance of monitoring and access to personal data in order to combat a range of criminal activities. The hypothesis is that privacy as a "threat" is the result of a "moral crusade" (in terms of Howard S. Becker) that masks the prospects for political control and economic advantages derived from digital communication surveillance practices.Keywords: Privacy; Public Security; Surveillance; Moral Entrepeneurship; Cibercrimes.
Caixa Mágica: crónica de un proyecto de colaboración ciudadana | Caixa Mágica: relato de um projeto de colaboração cidadã | Caixa Mágica: chronicle of a civic innovation project
Authors: Zasso Mariel Rosauro , Poppi Ricardo , Konopacki Marco Antonio , Belisário Adriano , Astorquiza Luis , Bejarano Pablo , Sallas Norma Ruiz , Yañez Figueroa José Antonio
Published: June 2017

RESUMEN Los laboratorios de innovación ciudadana están probando nuevas formas de construir conocimiento, reuniendo a personas de diferentes lugares, calificaciones y antecedentes para trabajar por períodos cortos en una iniciativa de interés comunitario. Esta crónica, construida por colaboradores de dos laboratorios, cuenta la historia del proyecto Caixa Mágica, que nace en el LabicBr en el 2015 y se va transformando a lo largo de otras reuniones.  Muestra cómo los principios de la cultura libre, la ciencia abierta y desarrollo ágil, orgánicamente aplicados durante todo el proceso, hicieron posible el desarrollo colaborativo y la continuidad del proyecto después de los eventos.Palabras clave: Laboratorios Ciudadanos; Ciencia Abierta; Cultura Libre; Software Libre; Innovación Educativa.RESUMO Os laboratórios de inovação cidadã estão experimentando novas formas de construir conhecimento, reunindo pessoas de diferentes lugares, qualificações e origens sociaispara trabalhar por curtos períodos numa iniciativa de interesse comunitário. Este relato, construído por colaboradores de dois laboratórios, conta a história do projeto Caixa Mágica, nascido no LabicBr em 2015 e vai se transformando ao longo de outras reuniões. Mostra como os princípios da cultura livre, da cultura aberta e desenvolvimento agil, organicamente aplicados durante todo o processo, possibilitaram o desenvolvimento colaborativoe a continuidade do projetodepois dos eventos.Palavras-chave: Laboratórios Cidadãos; Ciência Aberta; Cultura Livre; Software Livre; Inovação Educativa.ABSTRACT Civic innovation laboratories have been testing new ways of building knowledge, bringing together people from different places, qualifications and backgrounds, to collaborate for a short period in a single initiative of community interest. This report, built by collaborators from two laboratories, recounts the trajectory of the Caixa Mágica (Magic Box) project, which was born in LabicBr in 2015, and was transformed through other meetings. It shows how principles like free culture, open science and agile development, applied in an organic way throughout this process, made possible the collaborative development and continuity of the project after the events were over.Keywords: Civic Laboratories; Open Science; Free Culture; Free Software; Educational Innovation.
Os mapas do #15M: a arte da cartografia da multidão conectada | The 15M maps: the connected multitude art of cartography
Authors: DeSoto Pablo
Published: June 2017

Resumo Entre os movimentos do chamado novo ciclo global de lutas (2011-2013), o 15M espanhol tem se caracterizado por ter a dimensão tecnopolítica mais potente. Uma parte fundamental dessa tekné é a cartografia, revelando sua potência nos processos de auto-organização, ação distribuída e descentralizada, inclusão de atores diversos e processos de imaginação social. Como parte de uma produção de ciência do comum e enfrentando as questões fundamentais em torno da reprodução da vida na metrópole contemporânea, os mapas do 15M apresentam novas funcionalidades e avanços técnicos não praticados em semelhante escala anteriormente. Em sua inovação tecnossocial, os mapas do 15M inauguram uma prática que chamamos a arte da cartografia da multidão conectada.Palavras-chave: Tecnopolítica; Hacktivismo, Ciência Cidadã; Movimentos de Inovação “na Base”.Abstract The new global cycle of struggles is characterized by a techno-political dimension. Revolts occur where open source knowledge, techniques, practices and strategies are learned and replicated with improvements connected by different crowds. The Spanish movement-event 15M has shown a fundamental part of this techne is cartography, revealing its enormous importance for the processes of self-organization, distributed and acesses of social imagination. As a production of a commons, this practice confronting the fundamental issues surrounding the reproduction of life in the contemporary metropolis, maps have 15M new features and technical specifications and on a scale not previously practiced: network visualization, concept maps are updated in a synergy of the street network to the network, systems and signals alerts for swarms, semantic wikis georeferenced. In his techno-social innovation, maps 15M inaugurate a practice we call the art of mapping the connected multitude.Keywords:Tecnopolitics; Hacktivism; Citizen Science; Grassroots Innovation Movements.
Editorial | Letter from the editors
Authors: Maciel Maria Lucia , Albagli Sarita
Published: June 2017

Editorial
Apresentação: Ciência Cidadã e Laboratórios Cidadãos | Introduction: Citizen Science and Citizen Labs
Authors: Parra Henrique Zoqui Martins , Fressoli Mariano , Lafuente Antonio
Published: June 2017

Apresentação
The Backstory on the 500-Pound Gorilla and the Elephant Meeting in the Consulting Room for Critical Perspective on Evidence-Based Practice and Nosology in Mental Health Establishmentarianism: A Possible Way Out of the Conundrum of Multiculturalism and Cultural Competence in Psychopathology
Authors: Ajani ya Azibo Daudi
Published: June 2017

Mental health establishmentarianism (MHE) is rebuked for pursuing the installing of evidence-based practice (EBP) as standard operating procedure for two reasons: (a) EBP precludes a priori including the authentic African personality construct and its associated conceptualizations of psychopathology contained in the Azibo Nosology II (and by logical extension many other non-Eurasian formulations or interpretations about personology and psychopathology), thereby rendering the EBP movement fundamentally an imperialist, colonial, ethnocentric, pseudoetic undertaking; and (b) replete with “false concepts” vis-à-vis African descent people (ADP). The neo-Kraepelinian enterprise pertaining to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders nosology alongside the imperialist dictum of “shattering culture” are revealed as integral to accomplishing the installation. In the process of critiquing this underside of MHE, psychopathologists are treated to a novel categorizing of themselves from a sociology of knowledge framework and psychopathology is offered a reframing of how to formulate holistic diagnostic impressions of ADP encompassing authentic culture.
A �Paradox of Expression�: Merleau-Ponty and the Intertwining Nature of Brecht�s �not...but� Procedure
Authors: Ambrose Cohen
Published: June 2017

This article seeks to investigate the practical applications of a performance process that Bertolt Brecht called the procedure of �fixing the �not�but�,� which produces a Verfremdungseffekt. The article also interrogates the philosophy that such a process inherently performs. In one of his last writings, Maurice Merleau-Ponty argues that to look at oneself through the eyes of another necessarily blends the divide between one body and another and, by applying one�s senses to another�s, one engages in a �paradox of expression.� I explore the process of working with actors to produce distancing effects in their acting by chronicling the results of a 2012 practice-as-research project titled The Galileo Experiment. I use Merleau-Ponty�s �paradox of expression� as a way of considering Brecht�s call for the co-presence of the actor and their character in a stage performance. I borrow Nick Crossley�s approach to phenomenological intersubjectivity and consider other theoretical implications of performing the �not...but� procedure. I argue that in order for the actor to successfully perform Brecht�s �not...but� procedure, the actor must play into their character while occasionally playing out of the character in an alternative attitude, using what I call the �reflective block�.
The Theatricality of the Punctum: Re-Viewing Camera Lucida
Authors: Wilson Harry Robert
Published: June 2017

I first encountered Roland Barthes�s Camera Lucida�(1980) in 2012 when I was developing a performance on falling and photography. Since then I have re-encountered Barthes�s book annually as part of my practice-as-research PhD project on the relationships between performance and photography. This research project seeks to make performance work in response to Barthes�s book � to practice with Barthes in an exploration of theatricality, materiality and affect. This photo-essay weaves critical discourse with performance documentation to explore my relationship to Barthes�s book. Responding to Michael Fried�s claim that Barthes�s Camera Lucida is an exercise in �antitheatrical critical thought� (Fried 2008, 98) the essay seeks to re-view debates on theatricality and anti-theatricality in and around Camera Lucida. Specifically, by exploring Barthes�s conceptualisation of the pose I discuss how performance practice might re-theatricalise the punctum and challenge a supposed antitheatricalism in Barthes�s text. Additionally, I argue for Barthes�s book as an example of philosophy as performance and for my own work as an instance of performance philosophy.
This Kinetic World: Rethinking the Grid (Neo-Baroque Calls)
Authors: Nielsen Lara D.
Published: June 2017

In performance research today, as in the 1960s, the pressing question is: how to do things with systems. I return to the grid to attend both sites and modes of cultural practices and techniques� (technologies) that so powerfully harness and transform the control society.� My approach to the grid as dispositif seeks to open familiar dialogues, about variants of subjectivity and presence, to the materialities and devices of systems, structures, and bureaucratic operations. As seeing machine, the grid�s story includes linear perspective, geometricization, and fugitivity. Defined by consistency and contradition, by optics, haptics, and cybernetics, I identify grid logics with the neo-baroque. Exploring the grid through tiling, weaving, seafaring, and curating techniques that link the administrative and the algorithmic state, I discuss the arts of two architectural sites in the port cities of Cartagena, Colombia and Singapore.
In Our Hands: An Ethics of Gestural Response-ability. Rebecca Schneider in conversation with Lucia Ruprecht
Authors: Schneider Rebecca , Ruprecht Lucia
Published: June 2017

The following conversation aims to trace the role of gesture and gestural thinking in Rebecca Schneider�s work, and to tease out the specific gestural ethics which arises in her writings. In particular, Schneider thinks about the politics of citation and reiteration for an ethics of call and response that emerges in the gesture of the hail. Both predicated upon a fundamentally ethical relationality and susceptible to ideological investment, the hail epitomises the operations of the �both/and��a logic of conjunction that structures and punctuates the history of thinking on gesture from the classic Brechtian tactic in which performance both replays and counters conditions of subjugation to Alexander Weheliye�s reclamation of this tactic for black and critical ethnic studies. The gesture of the hail will lead us, then, to the gesture of protest in the Black Lives Matter movement. The hands that are held up in the air both replay (and respond to) the standard pose of surrender in the face of police authority and call for a future that might be different. Schneider�s ethics of response-ability thus rethinks relationality as something that always already anticipates and perpetually reinaugurates possibilities for response.
The Paradox of a Gesture, Enlarged by the Distension of Time: Merleau-Ponty and Lacan on a Slow-Motion Picture of Henri Matisse Painting
Authors: Deuber-Mankowsky Astrid
Published: June 2017

In his lecture series The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis (1964), Lacan refers to a �delightful example� that Merleau-Ponty gives in his Book Signes (1960). Lacan describes it as a �strange slow-motion film in which one sees Matisse painting.� This is a scene from the documentary entitled A Great French Painter, Henri Matisse, by director Fran�ois Campaux, a 16mm black and white film shot in 1946. Merleau-Ponty points, as Lacan puts it, to �the paradox of that gesture which, enlarged by the distension of time, enables us to imagine the most perfect deliberation on each of these strokes.� In fact, Merleau-Ponty underscores that this is an illusion, due only to the technique of the slow motion picture. In this paper I will present the different ways in which Lacan and Merleau-Ponty refer to the slow motion picture of Matisse painting. I will do so in order to consider, comparatively, the ways in which Merleau-Ponty and Lacan define the gesture in reference to film technologies and to the process of subjectification. Both of them refer to the gesture in order to find a new balance in the relationship between subject, rationality and media technology. And it is exactly at this site where the question of an ethics of gesture appears.
Introduction: Towards an Ethics of Gesture
Authors: Ruprecht Lucia
Published: June 2017

The introduction to this special section of Performance Philosophy takes Giorgio Agamben�s remarks about the mediality and potentiality of gesture as a starting point to rethink gesture�s nexus with ethics. Shifting the emphasis from philosophical reflection to corporeal practice, it defines gestural ethics as an acting-otherwise which comes into being in the particularities of singular gestural practice, its forms, kinetic qualities, temporal displacements and calls for response. Gestural acting-otherwise is illustrated in a number of ways: We might talk of a gestural ethics when gesturality becomes an object for dedicated analytical exploration and reflection on sites where it is not taken for granted, but exhibited, on stage or on screen, in its mediality, in the ways it quotes, signifies and departs from signification, but also in the ways in which it follows a forward-looking agenda driven by adaptability and inventiveness. It interrupts or modifies operative continua that might be geared towards violence; it appears in situations that are suspended between the possibility of malfunction and the potential of room for play; and it emerges in the ways in which gestures act on their own implication in the signifying structures of gender, sexuality, race, and class, on how these structures play out relationally across time and space, and between historically and locally situated human beings.
Ethos Formula: Liturgy and Rhetorics in the Work of Ted Shawn
Authors: Schwan Alexander
Published: June 2017

Beginning with Giorgio Agamben�s alignment of ethics and potentiality, this essay questions the ethical dimension of gesture in the field of dance as an eminently potentiality-bound art form. This draws on Daniel Sibony�s concept of law and dance, according to which the body simultaneously repels and longs for the law as a nexus of heteronomous structures. I frame this through a revision of Aby Warburg�s rhetorical concept, pathos formula, into the corollary term, ethos formula, as the encoded movement patterns of ethical attitudes or comportments which are motivated by decision-making rather than emotional content. Do gestures and their citation in dance bear an ethical dimension similar to the encoded transmission of emotions through movement?This new concept of ethos formula finds an excellent example in the work of the American choreographer Ted Shawn (1891�1972). His strikingly hybrid use of ethos formula from the 19th century Catholic theorist Fran�ois Delsarte and his parallel practice of quoting liturgical gestures from Protestant church services, pursues the ambiguity and uncanniness of modernity itself. For Shawn�like many other protagonists of modernist dance�argues on the one hand for freeing the body from the boundaries of classical ballet in the name of individual expression, and on the other hand for an instrumentalized body that still clings to principles of taxonomy and normativity.
An Early Concept of the Theatre of Interplay: The Relevance of Branko Gavella�s Theory for the Development of Performance Philosophy
Authors: Petlevski Sibila
Published: June 2017

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the shift in the perception of Branko Gavella�s theoretical work based on the phenomenology of intersubjectivity, and to point to the relevance of his theory of acting for the autochthonous development of the European branch of the modern philosophy of performance, as an interdisciplinary filed of research different form the methods traditionally employed by aestheticians of theatre. This paper�based on several decades of work on the systematization and comparative contextualization of Gavella�s theoretical ouvre�makes an attempt at demonstrating the operability of Gavella�s concepts in the context of some recent interdisciplinary insights into the performance phenomenon. Gavella�s theory can clearly distinguish concepts that we bracket today under the rubric of meaning, as opposed to use, i.e. language-reference, as opposed to speaker�s reference. Already in the 1930s, he applied the relation of semantics to pragmatics, as it would eventually be understood in speech act theory from Austin on, to the problems peculiar to theatre. The core of this paper deals with Gavella�s �speech situations�, and the dynamism of exchange in the relational space of culture.
�Alive� Performance: Toward an Immersive Activist Philosophy
Authors: Alifuoco Annalaura
Published: June 2017

This paper proposes to analyse the �virtual,� unsighted potentials of the artistic and critical practice of performance through abstraction, deconstruction and remediation of its �body.� It argues that the ontological distinction between material and immaterial representation can be dislodged by the proposition of? an ontogenesis of emergence of the dynamic dimension of affect. Such self-organising, recursive system of forces and energies elicits change and transformation expanding the sensual and aesthetic practice of performance as alive art.These arguments connect concepts from aesthetic and political theory with philosophical ideas of virtual multiplicity, relationality, counter/intuition and (dis)individuation passing via the work of Brian Massumi, Teresa Brennan, as well as other theorists. The approach intersects methodologies and epistemologies from activist philosophy, science and art with the radical contingencies implicit in performance as a �technology of existence� (in)formed by tendencies of distribution of affective intensities and temporal (re)modulation of shared perception.Ultimately, I propose to imagine performance as a vital archive of perceptive experience marked by a representational impossibility, a failure to appear fully. This actual condition of emergent abstraction enables however a bodily state of intensity and emergency to flesh out an experiential, visceral field of affective modes of becoming and becoming-other in related mo(ve)ments of aliveness traversed by the ungrasped pulse of a past yet to be/come.
Removal of chromium(III) from aqueous waste solution by liquid–liquid extraction in a circular microchannel
Authors: Luo Jian Hong , Li Jun , Guo Lei , Zhu Xin Hua , Dai Shuang , Li Xing
Published: June 2017

A new circular microchannel device has been proposed for the removal of chromium(III) from aqueous waste solution by using kerosene as a diluent and (2-ethylhexyl) 2-ethylhexyl phosphonate as an extractant. The proposed device has several advantages such as a flexible and easily adaptable design, easy maintenance, and cheap setup without the requirement of microfabrication. To study the extraction efficiency and advantages of the circular microchannel device in the removal of chromium(III), the effects of various operating conditions such as the inner diameter of the channel, the total flow velocity, the phase ratio, the initial pH of aqueous waste solution, the reaction temperature and the initial concentration of extractant on the extraction efficiency are investigated and the optimal process conditions are obtained. The results show that chromium(III) in aqueous waste solution can be effectively removed with (2-ethylhexyl) 2-ethylhexyl phosphonate in the circular microchannel. Under optimized conditions, an extraction efficiency of chromium(III) of more than 99% can be attained and the aqueous waste solution can be discharged directly, which can meet the Chinese national emission standards.
OCHRONA MAJĄTKU POSAGOWEGO W KONTEKŚCIE MANUMISSIO SERVI DOTALIS
Authors: Stępkowska Agnieszka
Published: June 2017

Manumissio servi dotalis and the Protection of Dowry in Roman LawSummaryAs opposed to a widespread opinion, examination of legal sources shows, the Roman law neither prohibited manumissio servi dotalis, nor it required wife’s consent. It does not mean, dowry could be freely reduced by means of manumissio. Value of the dowry was still protected by the rules of subrogation, applicable to all the assets acquired by husband iure patroni. However, subrogation did not apply to assets received by husband from his libertinus and exceeding what was required by the rules of patronage. Manumissio, to which wife opposed was perfectly valid in law, however it was not praised. In such a case, income from the patronage was acquired directly by wife and only the surplus was subject to subrogation as a dowry.Sources consider as a manumissio servi dotalis also those situations, in which, the manumitted slave was, strictly speaking, no longer part of the dowry. In such a cases where was no subrogation of course. There were two types of such a situation. The first concerned dotis aestimatio, with which dowry ceased to form a distinct patrimony and became only a husband’s debt, due to wife with the end of marriage. In such a case there was no place for subrogation. Wife’s dowry interest was protected only by the prohibition of manumissiones in case of husband’s insolvency. This however was ordinary means of protecting all creditor against fraus creditorum not a specific solution for servus dotalis. The second type of such a situation rose when wife consented to exclude a slave out of the dowry. Similarly, the slave was no longer part of dowry and all the advantages received from him by husband as a patron were his personal. In this case dowry was indeed diminished, nevertheless wife approved it.
DYSKUSJA W ŚRODOWISKU «THEMIS POLSKIEJ» NAD PRZYWRÓCENIEM TRYBU KASACYJNEGO W SĄDOWNICTWIE NAJWYŻSZYM KRÓLESTWA POLSKIEGO (1828-1830)
Authors: Pomianowski Piotr
Published: June 2017

Discussion on the cassation’s restoration in the Congress Kingdom of Poland in the First Polish Legal Journal «THEMIS POLSKA»SummaryThemis Polska was edited between 1828 and 1830 in Warsaw by young and well-educated lawyers. One of the main subjects discussed in this journal was a restoration of the cassation in the Congress Kingdom of Poland, a country which was dependent on the Russian Empire. An autocratic Tsar of Russia was simultaneously a King of Poland which was formally a constitutional state. In the course of time Tsar continued to limit Poland’s constitutional rules.At the end of the 1820s Polish lawyers postulated a return of the cassation, an institution which restrains power of a sovereign. Cassation functioned in Poland during a French domination (in the Duchy of Warsaw) in the same form as it did in France. The aim of this institution was to separate a protection of obedience to the laws (as a competence of the Court of Cassation) from bringing in new verdicts in individual cases (as a competence of lower courts). Plans to restore the cassation was interrupted by the November Uprising (1830-1831).
OCHRONA DANYCH OSOBOWYCH W IRLANDII
Authors: Marcinkowski Bartosz
Published: June 2017

Personal Data Protection in IrelandSummaryThe article is a short review of the personal data protection system in the Republic of Ireland. The review is made in the light of the Polish Data Protection Act of 1997 and Directive 95/46/EC (sections I and II).The introductory parts (sections I and II) include general remarks on the increasing importance and value of privacy and personal data. This increase results, among other things, from rapid development of the Internet and modern data processing and mining measures.Subsequently, in section III, the author discusses the constitutional environment of privacy and personal data protection rules in Ireland, as well as the role of court precedents and Directive 95/46/EC in this respect.Next part of the article (section IV) is dedicated to practical data protection issues identified and discussed by Irish authors, including specific exposures as well as differences between definitions in the Irish Data Protection Acts 1988-2003 and the UK Data Protection Act 1998, and influence of the latter (UK) Act on the Irish Data Protection Commissionaire’s decisionmaking process.Further comments (section V) focus on Data Protection Commissionaire’s rights and obligations (including in particular comments on the Data Protection Commissionaire’s free and friendly consultancy policy).The conclusion (section VI) briefly and synthetically summarizes similarities and differences between Irish and Polish personal data protection rules and practices, stressing issues requiring the European-wide common approach (e.g. in the fields of basic definitions or CCTV legal issues).Finally, the author observes that Polish authors’ reflections on personal data protection and the Polish practice are not inferior to the Irish ones even though Irish regulations have been in place for 10 years longer than the Polish ones.
JOANNA MISZTAL-KONECKA, MONIKA WÓJCIK, Rzymskie prawo prywatne. Kazusy i ćwiczenia, Wydawnictwo LexisNexis, Warszawa 2007, ss.192
Authors: Palmirski Tomasz
Published: June 2017

JOANNA MISZTAL-KONECKA, MONIKA WÓJCIK, Rzymskie prawo prywatne. Kazusy i ćwiczenia, Wydawnictwo LexisNexis, Warszawa 2007, ss.192
DANE STATYSTYCZNE JAKO ŚRODEK DOWODOWY W SPRAWACH NA TLE DYSKRYMINACJI POŚREDNIEJ W ZATRUDNIENIU
Authors: Czarnecki Paweł
Published: June 2017

Statistical Data as a Means of Proving in Cases Based on Indirect Discrimination in EmploymentSummaryThe article concerns the issue of using statistical data to prove indirect discrimination in employment. The author analyzes admissibility of such proof and explains conditions that have to be meet to set up a case based on statistical data. Particularly, the statistics should cover enough individuals, should not illustrate purely fortuitous or short-term phenomena, and should appear to be significant. The article ends with a suggestion that employees should have better access to statistical data on the structure of the workforce at their workplace. It is because the mere availability of such data would have protective effect.
POROZUMIENIA ZAKŁADOWE (BETRIEBSVEREINBARUNGEN) W PRAWIE NIEMIECKIM
Authors: Gładoch Monika
Published: June 2017

Works Agreements in the German LawSummaryThe article discusses specific agreements in the German collective labor law. They are concluded between a staff committee and an employer. In the German law the priority is given to the collective agreements. Works agreements play a major role in the German enterprises, not only because of they legal identity but also as a regulatory means. They play the most important role in the German concept of codetermination. Works agreements are made for all employees of a given institution.
POSTĘPOWANIE W SPRAWIE O ROZGRANICZENIE (ZAGADNIENIA WYBRANE)
Authors: Jędrejek Grzegorz
Published: June 2017

Immovables’ Delimitation Procedure (Chosen Problems)SummaryThe aim of the article is to clear some doubts concerning the immovables’ delimitation procedure. The procedure takes place at the administrative body and then – if it becomes necessary – before the court which examines the case during voluntary jurisdiction proceedings. The legislator has made the possibility of a judicial way in the immovables’ delimitation procedurę dependent on some formal premises concerning the termination of the administrative proceedings. The court is only bound by the ‘objective’ extent of the delimitation procedure. It is by no means bound by the settlements accepted during the administrative procedure. It doesn’t evaluate the administrative procedure from the point of view of its legal accuracy either. The immovables’ delimitation procedure may only regard a part of a boundary between the immovables.
OCHRONA DANYCH OSOBOWYCH JAKO ELEMENT PRAWA DO PRYWATNOŚCI
Authors: Sobczyk Paweł
Published: June 2017

Personal Data Protection as Part of the Right to PrivacySummaryThe issues related to the right to privacy and personal data protection are a new important area for the constitutional studies in Poland. Their emergence owes much to the development of information technology and the adjustment of Polish law, including constitutional law, to international standards. Under the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997, personal protection is seen as part of the right to privacy. The following issues have become the subject of the academic research: the constitutionalization of personal data protection, constitutional rights of identifiable persons, the relation of personal data and the right to privacy, the democratic state under the rule of law as the guarantor of the right to privacy and personal data protection, as well as human dignity as the basis of this right.
O OSOBACH ‘SUI IURIS’ I ‘ALIENI IURIS’. 6 TYTUŁ 1 KSIĘGI DIGESTÓW. TEKST − TŁUMACZENIE − KOMENTARZ
Authors: Tarwacka Anna
Published: June 2017

O OSOBACH ‘SUI IURIS’ I ‘ALIENI IURIS’. 6 TYTUŁ 1 KSIĘGI DIGESTÓW, TEKST − TŁUMACZENIE − KOMENTARZ
Sprawozdanie z kongresu romanistycznego: ‘Ubi tu Gaius’. Modelli familiari. Pratiche sociali e diritti delle persone nell’età del prinacipato. Convegno internazinale di diritto romano Copanello Lido (Catanzaro) 4-7 giugno 2008
Authors: Krzynówek Jerzy
Published: June 2017

Sprawozdanie z kongresu romanistycznego: ‘Ubi tu Gaius’. Modelli familiari. Pratiche sociali e diritti delle persone nell’età del prinacipato. Convegno internazinale di diritto romano Copanello Lido (Catanzaro) 4-7 giugno 2008
UZALEŻNIENIE OD INTERNETU JAKO JEDNA Z PRZYCZYN ROZWODU
Authors: Kosek Mirosław
Published: June 2017

Addiction to Internet as a Possible Reason of DivorceSummaryThe article deals with problem of the addiction to the Internet as one of possible reasons of divorce. In the first part – theoretical – the Author tries to describe the phenomenon of addiction, its phases and consequences. In the second part there have been presented a results of the researches of the influence of addictions to the Internet on the quality of the relationshipbetween spouses. The conclusion is that the Internet can be the cause of addiction. Its influence on relationship between the spouses can be destructive, it can lead to conflicts and finally to divorce. The Author postulates of all-Polish researches on the scale of this phenomenon and its negative social effects.
ROZLICZANIE WYDATKÓW I NAKŁADÓW W POSTĘPOWANIU O ODZIAŁ MAJĄTKU WSPÓLNEGO MAŁŻONKÓW
Authors: Jędrejek Grzegorz
Published: June 2017

Settlement of Inputs and Expenses in the Course of Proceedings Concerning Partition of Joint Property of SpousesSummaryIn the course of proceedings concerning partition of joint property of spouses, which are non-litigious proceedings (art. 566-567 of the Code of Civil Procedure), the court decide on the refunding of inputs and expenses from the joint property of spouses to separate property of spouses. According to the author in the course of proceedings concerning partitio of joint property of spouses the court shall consider inputs and expenses from separate property of spouses to their joint property not only „on application” but ex officio. This solution arises form the interpretation of the art. 45 of the Family Code and art. 567 of the Code of Civil Procedure.
ŚMIERĆ PEŁNOMOCNIKA PROCESOWEGO W ASPEKCIE ZAWIESZENIA POSTĘPOWANIA
Authors: Kincbok Agnieszka
Published: June 2017

Death of the Attorney in Context of the Stay of ProceedingsSummaryThis article looks into the widely disputed issue whether death of the attorney is the reason to stay of proceedings or not.The author argues that on the ground of the currently binding regulations it is necessary to stay of proceedings only in the situation in which the Civil Proceedings Code provides for compulsory barrister’s or legal adviser’s counseling. But when the party can decide to assign a counsel or not, death of the attorney isn’t the reason for stay of proceedings. In this situation the judge should adjourn a trial, inform a party about the attorney’ s death and summon her.
NOWE WYZWANIA W SFERZE PRAWODAWSTWA MIEJSCOWEGO NA PRZYKŁADZIE GMINY
Authors: Szyrski Mariusz
Published: June 2017

New Challenges Concerning Local Law SummaryThis article presents a number of challenges currently faced by local government law. In the first part of the article, the author focuses on thoroughly analyzing institutions of local law, based on doctrine and jurisprudence. The rest of the article presents the current problems related to the functioning of local governments in the light of legislation.The text presents, inter alia, issues connected with the development of the private sector and the NGO sector. Furthermore, it describes the basic problems related to the statutes constituted in community including the division between regulatory and commissioned tasks in the community.Finally, the author presents conclusions de lege ferenda which are primarily associated with the need to review the catalogue of community’ commissioned and regulatory tasks related to the cooperation with social partners, and the need to broaden the catalogue of the Local Government Act, so that all the objectives of the community can be found in the same political act.
EUROPEJSKI AUTONOMICZNY DIALOG SPOŁECZNY – SZANSE I ZAGROŻENIA
Authors: Surdykowska Barbara
Published: June 2017

European Autonomous Social Dialogue – Chances and ThreatsSummaryThe article is about development of European social dialogue under 138 and 139 of EC Treaty. One can see clearly, that European social partners (ETUC, BusinessEurope, UEAPME, CEEP) want to achieve more independency from European Commission. This aim at development independency manifest oneself in sign of autonomous agreements which shall be implemented by national social partners in accordance with the procedures and practices specific to management and the labour in member states. So far was sung 3 cross sector autonomous agreements –Framework Agreement on Telework, Framework Agreement on the WorkRelated Stress and Framework Agreement on Harassment and Violence at Work. The article is also about first multi sector autonomous agreement on Workers’ Health Protection Through the Good Handling and Use of Crystalline Silica and Products Containing it.In Poland implementation of autonomous agreements can be seen as misgiving. In Poland intensification of social dialogue is low. Number of sectoral employer organizations is unsatisfactory. Implementation of autonomous agreements animates bilateral dialogue among employer organizations and trade unions in Poland. However if one thinks about weakness of social partner in new members states can see that it can bring to different level of protection between workers from old and new members states.
PRZEDMIOT IRRELEWANTNY, KONWENCJONALNE KŁAMSTWO ET CETERA…
Authors: Jońca Maciej
Published: June 2017

PRZEDMIOT IRRELEWANTNY, KONWENCJONALNE KŁAMSTWO ET CETERA…
Withdrawn: The Structural Bioinformatics Analysis of Biophenolic Lignan- Estrogen Receptor Interaction
Authors: Mohamadyar-Toupkanlou Farzaneh , Esfandiari Mina , Kashef-Saberi Mahshid Sadat , Renani Mahboubeh Kabiri , Soleimani Masoud
Published: June 2017

The following article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal Current Cancer Drug Targets:

Title: The Structural Bioinformatics Analysis of Biophenolic Lignan-Estrogen Receptor Interaction

Authors: Farzaneh Mohamadyar-Toupkanlou*, Mina Esfandiari, Mahshid Sadat Kashef-Saberi, Mahboubeh Kabiri Renani and
Masoud Soleimani

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may cause Bentham Science Disclaimer:
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authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Recent Updates on the Therapeutic Potential of HER2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Singla Heena , Munshi Anjana , Banipal Raja Paramjit Singh , Kumar Vinod
Published: June 2017

HER2 positive breast cancer is characterized by the low survival rate in the metastatic patients.
Development of resistance and disease-relapse are the major problems associated with the
currently available therapies for HER2 positive breast cancer. There are two major targeted therapies
for HER2 positive breast cancer viz. monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, and both
of these therapies have their advantages and limitations. To address the limitations associated with
the existing therapies, use of antibodies and TKIs as combination therapy proved to be more effective.
Various chemical modifications can be performed on tyrosine-kinase inhibitors to develop
novel ligands with increased selectivity for HER2 kinase. A number of tyrosine-kinase inhibitors are
in various phases of clinical trials for the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer. In the current
review article, recent developments on various HER2 tyrosine-kinase inhibitors have been reported.
Various structurally different scaffolds bind to the HER2 receptor and exhibit potent anti-cancer activities.
The structural and pharmacophoric requirements of the scaffolds are discussed in detail so as
to discover effective drug candidates for the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer.
Morphometric Analysis of the Fronto-maxillary Sinuses in Adult Patients with Traumatic Septal Deviations
Authors: İnal Mikail , Simsek Gokce , Kaya Ahmet , Kilic Rahmi
Published: June 2017

Objective:

The aim of the current study was to investigate a change in the volume of the
frontal and maxillary sinuses in patients with nasal septum deviations due to physical trauma.

Materials and Methods:

Paranasal sinus computed tomography data of 100 patients admitted to
Kirikkale University medical faculty hospital between November 2013 and June 2014 were retrospectively
analyzed. The side of the nasal septal deviation, the deviation angle, the severity of the
deviation, and bilateral frontal and maxillary sinus volumes were calculated using a computer program.
The relationship between sinus volumes and deviated septum characteristics was investigated.

Results:

The maxillary sinus volumes did not differ between the two genders. However, the female
patients had significantly decreased frontal sinus volumes when compared with the male patients (p
< 0.05). A right-sided septal deviation was found to be associated with a significantly decreased
maxillary sinus volume (p < 0.001), and the severity of the deviation was a significant determinant
of the maxillary sinus volume (p < 0.001). The age of the patient at the time of the septal trauma
was significantly associated with their maxillary sinus volumes. Patients who had experienced this
trauma after 12 years of age had significantly increased maxillary sinus volumes when compared
with those who experienced the trauma before the age of 12.

Conclusion:

A distorted septal anatomy was found to be a significant parameter for developing
paranasal sinuses. Right-sided and severe traumatic deviations with an onset before the age of 12
were significantly associated with a decreased maxillary sinus volume.
Ultrasound Fetal Image Segmentation Techniques: A Review
Authors: Sree S. Jayanthi , Vasanthanayaki C.
Published: June 2017

Background:

This paper reviews segmentation techniques for 2D ultrasound fetal images.
Fetal anatomy measurements derived from the segmentation results are used to monitor the
growth of the fetus.

Discussion: The segmentation of fetal ultrasound images is a difficult task due to inherent artifacts
and degradation of image quality with gestational age. There are segmentation techniques for particular
biological structures such as head, stomach, and femur. The whole fetal segmentation algorithms
are only very few.

Conclusion:

This paper presents a review of these segmentation techniques and the metrics used to
evaluate them are summarized.
Peculiarities of the Upper Lip Morphogenesis and Its Relation to Facial Development
Authors: Tsyhykalo Oleksandr Vitalijovych , Kuzniak Natalija Bohdanivna , Popova Iryna Serhiivna , Oliinyk Ihor Yurijovych , Dmytrenko Roman Romanovych , Perebyinis Pavlo Petrovych , Horytskyi Yaroslav Viktorovych
Published: June 2017

An appreciation of the fundamental principles associated with the development of the craniofacial structures is essential for attaining competency within the fields of facial surgery, dentistry and pediatrics.The objective of this literature review was to highlight the main stages and precise time ranges of human upper lip development, as well as to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms of normal morphogenesis and possible congenital malformations.The structures of the head and neck arise from the lateral portion of the neural tube, which forms five pairs of branchial arches. Recent studies have identified various molecular pathways (including Bmp, Fgf and Shh signaling) and genetic mechanisms in human face development. Primordial structures of the upper lip begin to appear early within the 6th week of ontogenesis; their development involves a number of highly coordinated, genetically programmed ontogenetic mechanisms that include growth and expansion of the facial prominences, programmed cell death, active fusion and breakdown of the epithelial seam between the initially freely maxillary, medial nasal, and lateral nasal processes. Defects of epithelial and mesenchymal fusion during upper lip formation result in orofacial cleft. Further research should be directed to studying normal ontogenesis at the molecular and topographical levels with the determination of critical periods, time ranges and developmental stages that are sensitive to teratogens.