bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockchain in Closed-Loop Supply Chain: A Systematic Review and Future Research Agenda
Authors: Bhattacharya Sourabh , Pant Pushpesh , Areti Sai Harish
Published: October 2024

This article investigates the potential applications of blockchain technology (BCT) in a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) using a systematic review of the literature. As a result, this study has used the Scopus database for a detailed search strategy to identify relevant studies on different applications of BCT in the context of CLSC. This article has employed a theme analysis approach and focuses specifically on peer-reviewed documents. Based on the themes and sub-themes, the CLSC literature has been divided into four clusters: ‘Barriers and enablers of blockchain implementation’, ‘Blockchain application in sustainability’, ‘Blockchain application in enabling soft supply chain dynamics’ and ‘Blockchain application in addressing inventory and other problems’. These four clusters are analysed to present future research areas on BCT applications in a CLSC, using a ‘results-systematization framework’. This study will provide valuable insights and understanding to researchers in advancing BCT-CLSC research. Moreover, practitioners and policymakers, who are interested in the implementation and execution of firm-level BCT in CLSC, will be greatly benefitted in terms of sustainable and efficient CLSC operations.
Exploring the Experiences, Cultural Values, and Perceptions of Mothers of Hospitalized Newborns in Malawi: An Integrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Kesler Erin , Devido Jessica , Zoucha Richard , Wilson Emma
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Sub-Saharan Africa has the world’s highest rates of neonatal mortality. Mothers are critical to the survival of these at-risk newborns. The aim of this integrative review is to appraise the published literature on the experiences, cultural values, and perceptions of mothers of hospitalized newborns in Malawi to inform future research.

Methods:

This integrative review utilizes Whittemore and Knafl’s review model. CINAHL, PubMed, and Academic Search Elite databases were searched.

Results:

Five summarizing themes were identified across ten articles relating to the mother as a caregiver, experiences of mother as a caregiver, cultural observations and perceptions of the mother, influence of others on the mother, and discrimination and stigma.

Discussion:

Mothers’ experiences of having a newborn requiring hospitalization in Malawi are complex. Results indicate a need for more studies to understand the experiences of mothers of newborns requiring hospitalization in Malawi in order to provide culturally congruent newborn care.
Assessing Writing Across Levels of Language to Identify Instructional Needs
Authors: Valentine Katherine A. , Truckenmiller Adrea J.
Published: October 2024

Educators are faced with many decisions regarding supporting students’ writing. While writing achievement and curriculum-based measure scores provide numbers that are important for high-stakes decisions like determining special education eligibility, they do not provide educators with information on a student’s explicit instruction needs. Written products can provide substantial information if educators know what to look for. This article offers five steps within an empirically supported framework to describe a student’s writing at a finely grained level and connect their writing performance to instructional planning.
Assessing Meaningful Visual and Tactile Feedback for Effective Automated Vehicle Takeover by Hearing and Non-hearing Drivers
Authors: Chu Aries , Lo Wei-Hsiang , Huang Gaojian
Published: October 2024

With SAE Level 3 automated vehicles handling most driving tasks, there are still situations when the driver needs to take over. Multimodal displays have been introduced to inform drivers of the need to take over for critical scenarios (e.g., in construction zones) in instructional or informative formats. However, the effects of multimodal displays on takeover performance for drivers with hearing impairments are still unclear. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate how signal type (single tactile (T), single visual (V), and visual and tactile combined (VT)), information type (instructional, informative, and baseline), and hearing impairment (hearing-impaired and non-hearing-impaired drivers) affect drivers’ takeover performance. Findings show that signal type significantly influenced reaction and takeover times, with multimodal signals (VT) resulting in faster reactions compared to single modal signals. Additionally, the baseline condition yielded the faster reaction times compared to both instructional and informative formats. Hearing impairment, however, did not significantly affect reaction and takeover times. Findings may inform the development of future vehicle interfaces to assist drivers with hearing impairments.
Inquiry as Resonance: Wiry Workings of Failure and Patience
Authors: Nordstrom Susan Naomi
Published: October 2024

In this article, I offer inquiry as resonance, an axiological inquiry practice that seeks to amplify transformative resonances in the world. This inquiry practice gets to work with Rosa’s modes of resonance that include the qualities (i.e., af<-fection, e->motion, transformation, and uncontrollability) as well as horizontal (i.e., human actors), vertical (i.e., art, history, and the like), and diagonal (i.e., structural and ideological entities) axes that create resonances between a human actor and the interconnected world in which they live. Inquiry as resonance advocates for an accountable “I” in an interconnected and shifting world. I came to inquiry as resonance through a journey of failure (or lack of resonance) with theory and patiently writing and working with, though, and against that failure. That journey created space for me to consider resonance and what an inquiry of resonance might look like.
ENO1 as a Biomarker of Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis: A Bioinformatic Approach Using Available Databases
Authors: Giannoudis Athina , Heath Alistair , Sharma Vijay
Published: October 2024

Background:

Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer, and in breast cancer (BC), several metabolic enzymes are overexpressed and overactivated. One of these, Enolase 1 (ENO1), catalyses glycolysis and is involved in the regulation of multiple signalling pathways.

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate in silico the prognostic and predictive effects of ENO1 expression in BC.

Design:

This is a bioinformatic in silico analysis.

Methods:

Using available online platforms (Kaplan–Meier [KM] plotter, receiver operating characteristic curve [ROC] plotter, cBioPortal, Genotype-2-Outcome [G-2-O], MethSurv, and Tumour–Immune System Interaction Database [TISIDB]), we performed a bioinformatic in silico analysis to establish the prognostic and predictive effects related to ENO1 expression in BC. A network analysis was performed using the Oncomine platform, and signalling, epigenetic, and immune regulation pathways were explored.

Results:

ENO1 was overexpressed in all the analysed Oncomine, epigenetic, and immune pathways in triple-negative, but not in hormone receptor–positive BCs. In human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive BCs, ENO1 expression showed a mixed profile. Analysis on disease progression and histological types showed ENO1 overexpression in ductal in situ and invasive carcinoma, in high-grade tumours followed by advanced or metastasis and was linked to worse survival. High ENO1 expression was also associated with relapse-free, distant metastasis-free and overall survival, irrespectively of treatment and was mainly related to basal subtype.

Conclusion:

ENO1 overexpression recruits a range of signalling pathways during disease progression conferring a worse prognosis and can be potentially used as a biomarker of disease progression and therapeutic target, particularly in triple-negative and in ductal invasive carcinoma.
Dreaming with data: Cultivating critical consciousness in datafied living research
Authors: Lomborg Stine , Reutter Lisa Marie , Vilaza Giovanna Nunez
Published: October 2024

This paper addresses data reflexivity in terms of critical consciousness-raising by linking people’s everyday encounters with data to their speculative visions about datafied futures. We suggest everyday encounters with data about oneself might play an important role in facilitating both personal and collective imagination about data and devising future paths towards legitimate and meaningful datafied living. Lending inspiration from the figure of the researcher as critical companion and from speculative design, we posit that critical consciousness-raising is not something generated purely by way of informing people about datafication, but built from below, through people’s everyday experiences with datafying themselves and being datafied by others. Furthermore, it is deeply intertwined with datafication research itself, and the way we seek to establish links between individual and collective experiences and evaluations of data practices. Based on this, the paper offers three methodological entry points for exploring how critical consciousness can be cultivated and collectivized: longitudinal fieldwork with repeated interviews, data visualization derived from people’s own phones, and speculative workshops on future data practices.
‘To raise a village, fall far from the tree’: Methods for queer kinship pasts, presents and futures
Authors: Reed Lizzie , Stella Milou
Published: October 2024

How can we understand queer kinship as it is experienced in the present, without inadvertently fixing its meaning, ignoring the (in)flexibility of memory, or failing to capture its continued evolution? We argue that through recognition of the stickiness of family and kinship characterized variously by pain, joy, tradition, contrariness, and connection, we can find routes to collectively imagine queer futures. Based on an ongoing collaboration between a sociologist and an artist, this paper considers what a queer approach to collating and exploring experiences of kinship may produce. We recount our experiments in implementing methods that allow us to narrate our (queer) relationship to kinship with acknowledgement of the fragments of diverse pasts, embodied presents, and wished for futures. We offer examples of how we might celebrate randomness and interruption, and curate ongoing disruption to linear inheritances and transmission of meaning. We show how these methods can offer opportunities to recursively deconstruct and reconstruct our personal and shared histories, creating unfinished, chaotic, glitchy, and always-becoming stories of queer kinship.
Exploring the interaction between negative and positive intergroup contact among disabled people
Authors: Branco Carla , Ramos Miguel , Hewstone Miles
Published: October 2024

This study integrates research on intergroup contact and the rejection–identification model to examine how negative and positive contact interact to influence both the health and well-being as well as the group identification (assessed as ingroup affect, ingroup ties, and centrality) of disabled people. We analysed data from a week-long diary study (Study 1; N = 83) and a longitudinal study (Study 2; N = 87) with three waves separated by 1 year. Results showed that positive contact can be associated with a reduction in, or even a cancelling out of, the association between negative contact and lower well-being and ingroup affect (buffering effect). We also found that negative contact was associated with higher ingroup ties only among those with higher levels of positive contact (facilitation effect). Results reveal the potential of positive contact to reduce the adverse effects of negative contact on disadvantaged group members’ outcomes, and its potential to facilitate nonharmful effects.
A multitask framework with self-attention mechanism for simultaneous detection of axial pressure, shear deformation, and rupture damage in rubber bearings
Authors: Zeng Yi , Li Yunfei , Xiong Feng , Xiong Yaoqing , Xu Tengfei , Deng Kailai
Published: October 2024

Base-isolated structures can effectively control structural response, of which rubber bearings are key components. To ensure the proper functioning of rubber bearings, it is important to accurately detect their state. In previous studies, a smart rubber bearing has been proposed to monitor the axial pressure, shear deformation, and rupture damage of rubber bearings. However, owing to the small dataset and limited ability of the prediction model, two problems exist in previous research: (1) the axial pressure, shear deformation, and rupture damage cannot be detected simultaneously and (2) the detection accuracy is not sufficiently high for practical applications. This study solves these problems in three aspects. First, it addresses the issue of limited data by researching and comparing three data augmentation methods. Second, a multitask framework with a self-attention mechanism is established to simultaneously detect axial compression, shear deformation, and rupture damage. Finally, we introduce a two-stage optimization method based on Bayesian optimization and a grid search for the network structure and optimization. The root-mean-square errors for predicting the axial pressure and shear deformation in the test set are 0.19 MPa and 2.04%, which reduced the error by up to 56.8% and 73.0%, respectively, compared to conventional deep neural network models. In addition, the accuracy of rupture damage detection reached 100%.
Field study on proactive pipe condition assessment using hydroacoustic noise
Authors: Zeng Wei , Nguyen Si Tran Nguyen , Lambert Martin , Gong Jinzhe
Published: October 2024

Condition assessment of water transmission pipelines is of important necessity for prioritizing rehabilitation and preventing catastrophic pipe failure. Hydraulic transient analysis has been investigated for three decades for this purpose and applied to many field studies. However, the significant pipe vibrations caused by the transient generation process and the limited energy and bandwidth of conventional discrete transient pressure waves (e.g., step and pulse waves) limit the accuracy and resolution of the analysis. This paper reports a pilot field study of noninvasive and nondestructive pipe condition assessment using small amplitude and persistent hydroacoustic noise instead of conventional large and discrete hydraulic transient waves. By opening a discharge valve installed at an existing access point, such as an air valve, on the field pipe, hydroacoustic noise was generated at the valve due to the turbulence of the discharge. The hydroacoustic noise was measured by pressure transducers at this access point as well as some other access points along the field pipe. A signal deconvolution process was then applied to the measured hydraulic pressures to transfer them to a compositional impulse response function (IRF), which is composed of IRFs of different pipe sections. A mathematical model was derived to interpret the anomaly-induced spikes on the deconvolution trace. A time-shifting process on the compositional IRFs was proposed to find the locations with pipe condition changes from a specific direction of the pipe. The field study has shown that small-amplitude persistent hydroacoustic noise can replace conventional large hydraulic transient waves for pipe condition assessment.
A tale of two ventures: How founder experiences shape search in tech-anchored and market-anchored ventures
Authors: Danneels Erwin , Clarysse Bart , De Cock Robin
Published: October 2024

This article distinguishes two types of technology ventures: market anchored and technology anchored. These ventures need to conduct effective technological or market search, the identification and evaluation of alternative technologies or markets, respectively, and form a viable technology–market combination. These types of search are fostered by appropriate experiences of the founding team. A study of 203 new technology ventures shows contrasting effects of breadth and depth of the founding team’s market and technological experiences on the initial success of the venture types.
Biodegradability of polyethylene: Challenges and future perspectives
Authors: Gorish Babbiker Mohammed Taher , Abdelmula Waha Ismail Yahia , Altayeb Hisham N , Zhu Daochen
Published: October 2024

Polyethylene (PE) is the second most abundant plastic worldwide due to its broad application in manufacturing disposable materials such as bags and bottles. Since it is highly resistant to natural biodegradation, it can accumulate in landfills, causing various ecological and toxicological consequences. Even though microbial degradation of PE has been extensively investigated, complete biodegradation of PE has yet to be achieved, and comparisons of PE biodegradation experiment findings are not practical. This may be due to the wide variety of PE substances used, and a wide variety of culture conditions, and many of the published findings still need key chemistry of PE materials, as well as basic biochemistry and microbiology. This review highlights the need for standardization in PE biodegradation studies and defining key biochemical terms. It aims to identify deficiencies and challenges in PE degradation experiments, enhancing future research for scientific and technological advancement. This review provides a biochemically based definition of PE biodegradation and summarizes microorganisms responsible for PE biodegradation. We also caution readers about the chemical makeup and structure of the PE, as well as the approaches utilized in microbes’ isolation. This review defines the fundamental elements required to conduct an effective PE biodegradation investigation.
Blunt Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Injury in Multiple Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Akinaga Seishiro , Maruhashi Takaaki , Oi Marina , Mishima Toshiaki , Miyaji Kagami , Asari Yasushi
Published: October 2024

Background

Blunt abdominal aortic injury (BAAI) is rare among traumatic aortic injuries, and further complications of blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) have never been reported.

Case Presentation

A man in his 80s presented to our hospital following a motor vehicle accident. Pan-scan contrast-enhanced CT showed a thoracic aortic isthmus injury (Grade III), an abdominal aortic injury (Grade IV) with extravasation of contrast media at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra. Endovascular abdominal aortic repair was performed on the same day and a thoracic endovascular aortic repair for BTAI was performed 11 days after admission. The patient had a good postoperative course and was discharged without complications.

Conclusion

This report presented a rare case of BTAI complicated with BAAI. The timing of intervention for aortic injury should be determined based on urgency and other organ damage.
Flow characteristics inside rectangular Tesla valve with different width-to-narrow ratios
Authors: Jiang Hai-Bing , Tong Jiang-Bo , Zhang Yu-Liang , Zhao Yan-Juan
Published: October 2024

To investigate the influence of the flow channel’s width-to-narrow ratio on the Tesla valve’s flow characteristics, this paper establishes five Tesla valve models with different width-to-narrow ratios. Employing the laminar flow model, CFD methods were used to numerically simulate both the forward and reverse flows through the Tesla valve across a spectrum of width-to-narrow ratios, ranging from 0.2 to 1. The results reveal the flow trends in the straight or arc channels show opposite variation patterns when flowing in forward and reverse directions. The flow rate passing through straight channel is more sensitive to the response of a small width-to-narrow ratio. Irrespective of the flow direction, as the width-to-narrow ratio increases, the fluid flow within the valve demonstrates increasingly pronounced stratification. The pressure curve of the diversion section assumes an “∞” shape in forward flow, whereas in reverse flow, it assumes a “flat plate” shape.
Bearing fault signal detection and prediction based on an improved particle filter method
Authors: Liu Shaoxun , Yang Junyou , Niu Zhihua , Wang Rongrong
Published: October 2024

Awareness and predicting bearing health are challenging because of uncertainties in the operating environment and noise in fault-signal measurements. Considering the sudden occurrence of bearing faults and their relatively brief duration over the bearing lifespan, this paper presents a fusion framework that combines an eighth-order polynomial model with a cuckoo search thought particle filter (CST-PF) method to estimate the failures occurrences. The fault characteristic signals are extracted from the amplitude spectrum within a specific frequency range and modeled by an eighth-order polynomial model. Cuckoo search (CS) is introduced to address the particle dilution in particle filter (PF). Furthermore, the proposed CST-PF refines the step size update equations and discovery probability for balancing the search speed and accuracy, thus enhancing the adaptability to bearing fault diagnosis and prediction. It ensures the parameter convergences in the prediction model by learning the fault characteristic signal during regular bearing operations, facilitating accurate predictions of subsequent failures. Validation results show that the eighth-order model accurately captures changes in fault characteristic signals throughout the bearing lifespan, with MAE and RMSE metrics surpassing those of traditional models. The CST-PF method demonstrates superior predictive ability compared to the Cuckoo search particle filter (CS-PF), traditional PF, and other PF variants.
Beyond networks and institutions: Rethinking the role of organization in illicit drug market interaction
Authors: Bogren Alexandra , Castillo Daniel
Published: October 2024

Social network and sociocultural approaches generally dominate current research on illicit drug markets. The main argument of these perspectives is that networks and social norms are more important elements than organization in drug markets. However, there is a need to understand aspects of interaction in drug markets that actors explicitly make decisions about – aspects that are the result of organization – alongside the emergent aspects emphasized in the social network and sociocultural approaches. In this conceptual article, we argue that partial organization theory offers a much-needed complement to existing approaches, and is useful in understanding how different groups, gangs, networks, states and market organizers in drug markets use decisions to organize their activities and the market as such.
Clinical implementation of the Validated Intraoperative Bleeding Scale: Perioperative patient management and effective team communication from the nurses’ perspective
Authors: Sewell Clare , Whiteman Becky L , Morone Pinto Flavia C , Leung Steve
Published: October 2024

Major bleeding represents a critical scenario that can quickly evolve into life threatening, thereby compromising patient safety. A Validated Intraoperative Bleeding Scale called VIBe Scale was introduced and studied as part of a quality improvement initiative. This study evaluated the clinical implementation of the VIBe Scale in perioperative patient management and team communication from the nurses’ perspectives. A descriptive study was undertaken, incorporating introductory lecture, simulation of major bleeding event and post-lecture questionnaire with 33 operating room nurses. Despite many participants not previously having experience of the VIBe Scale in practice, over two-thirds reported the scale could improve situational awareness. Furthermore, nearly two-thirds reported they could see the utility of the VIBe Scale as a tool to improve communication. Our study shows that the VIBe Scale is an easily understood concept, has the potential to increase situational awareness and can support team communication around intraoperative bleeding events.
The policy challenge of balancing sustainability and food security
Authors: Hennessy Thia , Merlo Marie
Published: October 2024

This article considers EU and global developments that have affected the availability and affordability of food in the EU and explores the implications for farmers and consumers. Recent and imminent policy changes that may further affect food security, farm incomes and the future of rural areas are also reviewed. The key message is that all policy choices present a trade-off, and this is particularly evident when the sometimes competing goals of food security and sustainability are considered. Strengthening the consumer focus of agriculture and food policy in the EU may offer some solutions, whether that is by nudging changes in dietary patterns or targeting economic support to those at risk of food insecurity. Furthermore, a greater policy focus on innovation and technology adoption is also required to enable farmers to adopt practices that preserve productivity while also protecting the environment.
An Exercise and Wellness Behavior Change Program for Solid Organ Transplant: A Clinical Research Protocol for the Transplant Wellness Program
Authors: Sim Jenna A. P. , Perinpanayagam Maneka A. , Bahry Vanessa , Wytsma-Fisher Kathryn , Burak Kelly W. , Isaac Debra L. , Mustata Stefan , Culos-Reed S. Nicole
Published: October 2024

Background:

Exercise prehabilitation is an evidence-based, safe, and effective method to increase quality of life, physical fitness and function, and post-surgical outcomes in solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. However, few prehabilitation programs for SOT patients exist in practice. Furthermore, there is a lack of multimodal prehabilitation programs that include behavior change support. To address this need, the Transplant Wellness Program (TWP) was designed.

Objectives:

The objective of the TWP is to assess both the effectiveness and implementation of a comprehensive and multimodal exercise and wellness behavior change intervention for patients undergoing kidney or liver transplant.

Design:

The TWP is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial consisting of exercise and wellness behavior change support.

Patients:

Individuals who are in evaluation or listed for kidney or liver transplant in Southern Alberta, Canada.

Measurements:

The primary outcomes of self-reported exercise and quality of life are assessed at intake, post-exercise intervention, 6 months post-intake, 12 weeks post-transplant, and annually for 5 years after program completion. Functional fitness measures will be assessed at intake, post-exercise intervention, 12 weeks post-transplant, 6 months post-intake, and 1-year post-intake. The reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework is used to determine the impact of TWP at the individual and health care system level.

Methods:

Recruitment began in November 2023 and will continue until November 2028. Participants take part in a 12-week exercise intervention and are offered individualized and group behavior change support. Continued exercise support is offered through maintenance classes after the completion of the 12-week intervention.

Limitations:

The design of the hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial with a single experimental group will not allow for comparisons to a control or usual care group, potentially impacting internal validity. Differences in number of participants between organ groups (kidney vs liver) and cohorts (pre-transplant vs post-transplant) will likely be uneven, requiring consideration when running and interpreting analyses.

Conclusions:

The TWP aims to support patients throughout the transplant journey through a multimodal and comprehensive exercise and wellness behavior change program. Results from this study will determine the effectiveness of the program and inform future scale-up and sustainability.

Trial registry number:

NCT06367244.
Exploring the evolution of eHealth in disease management: A bibliometric analysis from 1999 to 2023
Authors: Chen Suyu , Li Min , Chen Yiping , Zhang Yujing , Li Yongli , Tai Xiantao , Zhang Xinghe
Published: October 2024

Objective

In the digital age, eHealth is vital in modern healthcare, impacting medical services and public health. Despite its potential in disease management, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis is lacking. This study utilizes bibliometric methods to explore the evolution of eHealth in disease management from 1999 to 2023, aiming to discern the research status and trends.

Methods

A literature search was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database. Publications and journals were quantitatively analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2023. Country/institution/author collaborations and keyword co-occurrences were analyzed using VOSviewer. CiteSpace was employed to analyze the citation bursts of reference. A global distribution network of publications was constructed and thematic trends were analyzed using R package “bibliometrix.”

Results

The study identified 1763 articles on eHealth in disease management. Since 2011, there has been a notable increase in publications, with the United States (n = 391, 22.08%) and the University of Sydney (n = 60, 3.40%) as leading contributors. High-quality journals primarily publish this research. Globally, 9631 authors contributed, with Chavannes, Niels H being the most prolific (n = 23). Author co-citation analysis indicated Eysenbach, G as the most cited (n = 336). Research currently focuses on developing a comprehensive eHealth framework, optimizing mHealth for chronic diseases, improving eHealth intervention trial reporting, assessing social factors in eHealth literacy, and examining telemedicine's role during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Conclusion

This study offers a comprehensive overview of eHealth research in disease management. eHealth's potential in disease prevention and treatment is significant. To enhance eHealth's impact, international collaboration, technological innovation, tailored intervention trials, addressing the digital divide, and solving legal and ethical issues are crucial. This study will guide future research endeavors, with the goal of enhancing eHealth's benefits and expanding its accessibility to a wider patient base.
Questioning the Reciprocal Effects Model of Academic Self-Concept and Achievement: A Reanalysis of a Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies and a Simulation
Authors: Sorjonen Kimmo , Ingre Michael , Melin Bo , Nilsonne Gustav
Published: October 2024

A recent meta-analysis claimed to provide evidence that academic self-concept and achievement have reciprocal prospective effects on each other (reciprocal effects model). However, prospective effects were estimated while adjusting for a prior measurement of the outcome, and this method is susceptible to spurious findings due to correlations with residuals and regression to the mean. Here we re-analyze the meta-analytic effects and show that different plausible models can support opposing claims: either that self-concept had an increasing or a decreasing effect on achievement, and vice versa. Consequently, claims beyond a positive cross-sectional correlation between academic self-concept and achievement, including the reciprocal effects model, can be questioned. The findings were validated by analyses of simulated data, which indicated that true prospective effects were not necessary for the observed meta-analytic associations. We further propose the extended skill development model (ESDM) as a more parsimonious alternative to the reciprocal effects model.
Williams Racing and Dorilton Capital: Epideictic Blandness in Organizational Change
Authors: Milford Mike
Published: October 2024

In 2020 the third-oldest racing team in Formula 1, Williams Racing, sold to Dorilton Capital, a global investment group. The change was a dramatic shift in the organization’s identity, from four decades of family ownership to a faceless global fund with no ties to racing. Drastic turns such as these are challenging for organizations. Shifts in identity generate uncertainty with stakeholders, a particular problem for sports organizations where identities and values are prominent. One remedy is epideictic rhetoric, a form that utilizes common values to create identification and orient stakeholders’ interpretations of the change. However, an emphasis on values can invite unwelcome scrutiny that could exacerbate problems. The Williams/Dorilton case demonstrates how organizations can rely on blandness through epideictic rhetoric that mitigates negative aspects through an emphasis on featureless continuity.
Softening the Stigma of Incarceration with Personal Narratives
Authors: Overton Jon , Fretwell Michelle D. , Weng Kevin , Dum Christopher P.
Published: October 2024

Existing research shows that first-person narratives can reduce exclusionary attitudes against marginalized groups. In this article, we test how they might mitigate stigma against formerly incarcerated people. We outline two mechanisms: (1) signaling, wherein sharing an autobiographical narrative improves others’ perception of oneself, and (2) role-taking, wherein the content of the narrative leads the audience to see themselves in the author’s place, thereby changing their evaluation of the author. We test these mechanisms using data from a vignette-based online experiment. We examine how a sample of college students respond to a hypothetical classmate who discloses a history of incarceration. Overall, we find support for the signaling mechanism. We also find that desired social distance falls primarily because the narrative increases the classmate’s perceived warmth (e.g., sincerity, trustworthiness, friendliness, etc.). Findings suggest advocates and institutions should create opportunities to obtain and present credentials and skills that will credibly signal warmth.
Introducing a systematic and sustainable patient safety oversight function in a U.K. arms-length healthcare body
Authors: Southall Sara , Patrick Hannah , Harris Kevin , Bird Chris
Published: October 2024

Background

The healthcare landscape is experiencing a profound period of change with accelerating developments in medical research, new treatments, care delivery and the use of innovative technology to meet the challenges of delivering care. These changes offer opportunities but as with all innovation, require careful management to reduce the likelihood of harm and error.

Objective

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has set out to introduce an adaptable, sustainable and systematic patient safety oversight group to ensure that patient safety is embedded at an organisation level supporting the healthcare system to overcome challenges and deliver high quality care, safely implementing the latest innovations in a timely manner.

Method

The patient safety oversight group was established through a scoping exercise, led by the senior responsible officer and a small project team. The article sets out the methods used, including extensive internal engagement through structured interviews with senior leadership teams, purposive sampling, data synthesis and reporting. An overview of the group is given and considerations for promoting patient safety information flows and optimising the use of safety signal intelligence are made.

Conclusion

Through reflection on changing needs within and surrounding the organisation, along with patient safety and complexity literature, NICE has developed an adaptable, systematic and sustainable model for managing patient safety. In addition to generating learning within NICE, the process highlights opportunities for improvement within the patient safety system.

Result

NICE has developed an adaptable, systematic and sustainable model for managing patient safety.
Translation and Validation of the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire in Indonesian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Cahyaningsih Indriastuti , Rokhman M. Rifqi , Maziyyah Nurul , Niamuzisilawati Eva , Taxis Katja , Denig Petra
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the 24-item Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) for Indonesian patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Methods

Forward-backward translation, adaptation involving 7 experts, and pretesting to develop the Indonesian version of DKQ were conducted. Psychometric analysis was carried out among T2D patients from 40 primary health care centers in Indonesia. Known-group, convergent and discriminant validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed. Additionally, a descriptive item analysis was conducted.

Results

In total, 39 patients participated in the pretesting and 304 patients in the validation process and descriptive analysis. Of the 24 items, 2 were adjusted during the adaptation process, and 1 item was deleted because it did not adequately reflect the original item. Known-group validity was demonstrated because patients with younger ages, higher educational levels, and longer diabetes duration had significantly higher DKQ scores. Convergent validity was demonstrated by a significant positive correlation of the DKQ scores with overall treatment satisfaction. The 23-item DKQ Bahasa Indonesia showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.73; omega total = 0.72) and good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.87 in a sample of 27 patients). No floor and ceiling effects were found in the item analysis.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates adequate validity and reliability of the 23-item DKQ Bahasa Indonesia for assessing diabetes knowledge in Indonesian primary care patients with T2D. This instrument can be used to identify room for improvement and develop diabetes education programs.
Participants’ Perspectives on Diabetes Self-Management Programming at Church: Faith-Placed Versus Faith-Based Approach
Authors: Wilmoth Summer , Wilhite Bradley , Highwood Kimberly , Palacios Christine , Carrillo-McCracken Leah , Parra-Medina Deborah , Sosa Erica , He Meizi
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to explore Hispanic adults’ experiences participating in the Building a Healthy Temple diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) cluster randomized trial and collect their insights on intervention approach, delivery, content, impact, and suggested improvements for future DSMES programs delivered at church.

Methods

Focus groups were conducted with participants from both intervention arms, that is, faith-based (FB) group and faith-placed group. Participating churches were predominantly Hispanic and located in San Antonio, Texas. Focus groups were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Inductive content analysis was performed with the assistance of NVivo software to code and categorize emerging themes.

Results

A total of 138 adult participants took part in the current study. Participants in both groups highly valued the church setting for its convenient location and support system and reported positive changes in diabetes-related beliefs, knowledge, skills, behaviors, and health outcomes. FB participants appreciated the incorporation of spiritual teachings and facilitation by lay leaders, which created a sense of empowerment and improved outlook on living with diabetes.

Conclusions

Church holds promise as a setting for DSMES program delivery in Hispanic communities. Church-based DSMES programs using a FB approach may further facilitate program adoption and sustainability.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): Independent Community Pharmacy Impact in Promoting Prevention Through Immunization
Authors: Vascimini Angelina , Deravi Maryam , Perez Gabrielle , Sanford Kathryn , Stockstill Madden , Finnegan Tina , Nabinger Richie , Tolle Theresa , Curtis Stacey
Published: October 2024

Background:

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) typically results in mild cold-like symptoms; however, it can lead to severe complications and hospitalization in patients who are 60 years of age and older with long-term health conditions.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to assess patient knowledge about RSV and to provide patients with information about the virus and the vaccination.

Methods:

A multisite cross-sectional pilot study was conducted from September 12, 2023, to March 11, 2024, in the independent community pharmacy setting. Included were all patients aged 60 years and older who consented to filling out the 14-question survey. Excluded were patients who declined to take the survey. Patients completed the survey either on paper or electronically, and the survey included initial consent, demographic information, past medical history, knowledge of RSV, consent to vaccine administration, and reasons for refusal, if applicable. At the end of the survey, patients could consent to vaccine administration onsite and were provided with an educational handout.

Results:

The primary outcome revealed that 78% of participants had not received any education from their healthcare provider about RSV. Additionally, 70% correctly identified ways RSV might spread, 60% reported knowing how to protect themselves, and 58% correctly indicated that a previous RSV infection does not provide immunity. As for the secondary outcomes, 63% of participants consented to receive the vaccine on the day of the survey.

Conclusion:

The study underscores the critical role of community pharmacies in healthcare delivery and the need for enhanced educational efforts to support vaccination programs.
Insights into trait-association of selection signatures and adaptive eQTL in indigenous African cattle
Authors: Friedrich Juliane , Liu Shuli , Fang Lingzhao , Prendergast James , Wiener Pamela
Published: October 2024

Background

African cattle represent a unique resource of genetic diversity in response to adaptation to numerous environmental challenges. Characterising the genetic landscape of indigenous African cattle and identifying genomic regions and genes of functional importance can contribute to targeted breeding and tackle the loss of genetic diversity. However, pinpointing the adaptive variant and determining underlying functional mechanisms of adaptation remains challenging.

Results

In this study, we use selection signatures from whole-genome sequence data of eight indigenous African cattle breeds in combination with gene expression and quantitative trait loci (QTL) databases to characterise genomic targets of artificial selection and environmental adaptation and to identify the underlying functional candidate genes. In general, the trait-association analyses of selection signatures suggest the innate and adaptive immune system and production traits as important selection targets. For example, a large genomic region, with selection signatures identified for all breeds except N’Dama, was located on BTA27, including multiple defensin DEFB coding-genes. Out of 22 analysed tissues, genes under putative selection were significantly enriched for those overexpressed in adipose tissue, blood, lung, testis and uterus. Our results further suggest that cis-eQTL are themselves selection targets; for most tissues, we found a positive correlation between allele frequency differences and cis-eQTL effect size, suggesting that positive selection acts directly on regulatory variants.

Conclusions

By combining selection signatures with information on gene expression and QTL, we were able to reveal compelling candidate selection targets that did not stand out from selection signature results alone (e.g. GIMAP8 for tick resistance and NDUFS3 for heat adaptation). Insights from this study will help to inform breeding and maintain diversity of locally adapted, and hence important, breeds.
Spatial attention-based CSR-Unet framework for subdural and epidural hemorrhage segmentation and classification using CT images
Authors: S Nafees Ahmed , P Prakasam
Published: October 2024

Background

Automatic diagnosis and brain hemorrhage segmentation in Computed Tomography (CT) may be helpful in assisting the neurosurgeon in developing treatment plans that improve the patient’s chances of survival. Because medical segmentation of images is important and performing operations manually is challenging, many automated algorithms have been developed for this purpose, primarily focusing on certain image modalities. Whenever a blood vessel bursts, a dangerous medical condition known as intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) occurs. For best results, quick action is required. That being said, identifying subdural (SDH) and epidural haemorrhages (EDH) is a difficult task in this field and calls for a new, more precise detection method.

Methods

This work uses a head CT scan to detect cerebral bleeding and distinguish between two types of dural hemorrhages using deep learning techniques. This paper proposes a rich segmentation approach to segment both SDH and EDH by enhancing segmentation efficiency with a better feature extraction procedure. This method incorporates Spatial attention- based CSR (convolution-SE-residual) Unet, for rich segmentation and precise feature extraction.

Results

According to the study’s findings, the CSR based Spatial network performs better than the other models, exhibiting impressive metrics for all assessed parameters with a mean dice coefficient of 0.970 and mean IoU of 0.718, while EDH and SDH dice scores are 0.983 and 0.969 respectively.

Conclusions

The CSR Spatial network experiment results show that it can perform well regarding dice coefficient. Furthermore, Spatial Unet based on CSR may effectively model the complicated in segmentations and rich feature extraction and improve the representation learning compared to alternative deep learning techniques, of illness and medical treatment, to enhance the meticulousness in predicting the fatality.
KiVa anti-bullying program: preventing and reducing bullying behavior among students – a scoping review
Authors: Hikmat Rohman , Suryani Suryani , Yosep Iyus , Jeharsae Rohani
Published: October 2024

Bullying is a serious problem among adolescents that often occurs in schools. The problem occurs because of the high level of bullying behavior. Bullying causes negative impacts such as anxiety, low self-esteem, and suicide risk. So that interventions are needed to prevent and reduce bullying behavior. The aim of this study is to explore the effectiveness and implementation methods of the KiVa anti-bullying program for preventing and reducing bullying behavior for students. Scoping review design was used in this study using PRISMA Extension for Scoping Review search strategy. A scoping review of studies indexed in CINAHL, PubMed and Scopus databases was conducted. After duplicates were removed and articles screened, 11 studies were included in the review. Data analysis in this study used descriptive qualitative. The 11 included studies comprised of randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies involving range of samples from 1051 to 23.520 respondents from elementary school to high school students aged 6–15 years. The KiVa Anti-bullying intervention was effective for reducing bullying behavior in students (p value < 0.05). This intervention involves teachers, government, students, and health workers to collaborate in building a bullying prevention system. The activities carried out are providing education, assertive and empathy training, role play, counseling, and games. The method in implementing the intervention is online and offline. This therapy can be optimized by providing special interventions to victims, perpetrators, and both. The provision of interventions also needs to be carried out and monitored regularly to prevent repeated bullying behavior in students. The development of online interventions is needed to prevent bullying in students so that it can reach students widely.