bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revealing a Non-canonical Role of Anti-apoptotic MCL-1 in Early Embryonic Development
Authors:   ,   University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Yang Xue
Published: January 2022

MCL-1, a well-known pro-survival BCL-2 family member, is indispensable for the survival of various cellular lineages and is also among the most frequently amplified genes in a variety of human malignancies. Gene ablation studies previously revealed that Mcl-1 deficiency leads to embryonic lethality around E3.5 during peri-implantation stage. Strikingly, the study did not detect any increase in apoptotic cells of the blastocyst, indicating a function of MCL-1 beyond regulating apoptosis. Our previous studies revealed an unrecognized role of MCL-1 in promoting mitochondrial physiology, which is independent of its classical anti-apoptotic function and requires being imported into the mitochondrial matrix. In order to understand the role of MCL-1 in early embryonic development, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to target Mcl-1’s start codon on established embryonic stem cells (ESCs). This approach resulted in the establishment of ESCs in which MCL-1’s N-terminus was truncated. Biochemical evaluation revealed that Nterminal- deleted MCL-1 retains anti-apoptotic function. However, this truncated MCL-1 is restricted to the mitochondrial outer membrane and functionally these mutated ESCs showed a dramatic defect in differentiation into the three embryonic germ layers- ectoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. These data suggest that in addition to MCL-1’s required antagonism of cell death by the C-terminal region, MCL-1’s N-terminus is required for efficient cellular differentiation, potentially by facilitating MCL-1’s import into the mitochondrial matrix.
Habituation and Dishabituation in the Olfactory Bulb: From Neural Responses to Behavior
Authors:   ,   University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Ogg Mary
Published: January 2022

Habituation and dishabituation modulate the neural resources and behavioral significance allocated to incoming stimuli across the sensory systems. The purpose of the research presented in this dissertation was to characterize these processes in the mouse olfactory bulb (OB) and to determine if OB acetylcholine (ACh) has a role in physiological and behavioral olfactory dishabituation. Calcium imaging was used to determine the timecourse and magnitude of habituation in different parts of the OB during and after a prolonged odor presentation. Widefield imaging of the dendritic, or glomerular, response of OB output cells demonstrated that prolonged odor input habituates glomerular responses during the presentation as well as to subsequent presentations of the odor. Manipulation of OB ACh release during prolonged odor presentations using electrical stimulation dishabituated these decreased glomerular odor responses. A novel behavioral investigation paradigm was developed to see how prolonged odor input affects odor salience in awake, behaving mice. Optogenetic stimulation of OB cholinergic neurons rapidly modulated odor salience in this paradigm, causing mice to suddenly investigate a previously ignored odor. Non-olfactory sensory stimulation also dishabituated odor investigation and this increase could be blocked pharmacologically with a cholinergic antagonist in the OB, demonstrating the ecological validity of this ACh effect. Two-photon imaging revealed that, unlike the glomerular responses, soma responses of different OB cell types can be quite different from each other during a prolonged odor presentation. These results highlight the need for future studies that explore the role of different OB cell types in the representation of olfactory information over time and behavioral dishabituation.
Development of Islamic Character of Pulo People Through Folklore as Local Wisdom of the Tidung Island Community
Authors: Attas Siti Gomo , Azmin Gres Grasia , Marwiah Marwiah
Published: January 2022

The development of the Islamic character of the Pulo people through the folklore of Panglima Hitam and Raja Tidung as local wisdom of the people of Tidung Island. Tidung Island, which is now a tourist destination, is slowly undergoing changes in the lives of the island's people who were originally a fishing community, now turned into a tourist destination. The shift in function which originally had a fishing tradition turned into a tourist resort that is ready to accommodate the coffers of tourists who come and go to Tidung Island. The existence of Tidung Island is recorded in an oral tradition of folklore that is still known by the people, namely the Panglima Hitam folklore and the story of Raja Tidung. The value of Islamic character as local wisdom is used to read the two folk tales, especially the character development of the younger generation on Tidung Island. The Islamic character of the island community that must be developed includes: (1) moral values ​​to God, (2) moral values ​​to others, and (3) moral values ​​to oneself. These three Islamic characters serve as character models used by the community to develop the potential of the Tidung Island community.
Moderation Patterns of Pesantren in Indonesia: A Study on the Perceptions and Responses of Kyai, Teachers and Santri
Authors: Hadiyanto Andy , Hanafi Yusuf , Barnannsyah Rudy Muhamad , Samitri Cendra , Ulfah Siti Maria
Published: January 2022

Religious moderation is actually an effort to restore understanding and application of religious teachings that are sincere, friendly, and oriented towards improving the quality of life and humanity. The realization of religious moderation is expected to further strengthen the role of religion as the spirit of civilization. Pesantren as one of the oldest religious educational institutions in Indonesia, from the beginning has played a role in creating Indonesian Islamic civilization with its characteristics that are open, tolerant, and humanist. Thus, pesantren is an Islamic educational institution that has long played a role in mainstreaming moderation in Indonesia. In line with that, this study seeks to dig deeper into the mode of religious moderation that is maintained in the pesantren environment based on the perceptions and roles of the main elements of the pesantren, such as kyai, teachers, and santri. This study uses a qualitative approach by conducting a literature study and documentation of partners which can be used as a valid data source. Theoretically, the mode of religious moderation in pesantren can be seen from theological aspects, sharia, state politics, and relations with others. The results show that the manifestation of religious moderation in the theological aspect which is manifested by the aqidah ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah (aswaja), is related to the problem of human and God relations, the limitations of Mu'min Kafir, and the position of reason and revelation. In the Sharia aspect, religious moderation appears in the acceptance of mu'tabarah schools of jurisprudence, although there are still Shafii schools and reject mixing (talfiiq). In the aspect of state politics, religious moderation of kyai, ustaz, and santri can be seen in their acceptance of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) and Pancasila as the basis of the state, and in them against the politicization of religion. As for the relationship with the moderating attitude of pesantren exponents from their acceptance of the concept seen as different attitudes and readiness to blend in without having to negate each other and lose their identity.
COVID-19 Outbreaks Associated With Youth Club Sports: Maricopa County, Arizona, September–November 2020
Authors: Dale Ariella P. , Scott Sarah E. , Sunenshine Rebecca
Published: January 2022

The Maricopa County Department of Public Health in Arizona investigated three COVID-19 outbreaks associated with club sports, two in tournaments and one in a hockey league. During September through November 2020, 195 team-associated and 69 secondary household contact cases were identified among 2093 athletes, coaches, and staff members; the team attack rate ranged from 6% to 72%. Outbreaks occurred during high community transmission periods in Maricopa County. Identification of contacts and characterization of prevention strategies were challenging because of limited cooperation from athletes, families, and staff. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(2):216–219. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306579 )
Chronic Popliteus Tendon Avulsion Fracture with Chronic Knee Pain and Locking
Authors: Blackwell Christopher , Selley Ryan , Taber Caroline E. , Benitez Carlos L. , Marx Robert G.
Published: January 2022

Case:

A 31-year-old man who had a chronic popliteus avulsion fracture 18 years earlier treated with physical therapy presented with new onset left knee locking after exercising at the gym. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a chronic popliteus avulsion fracture of the lateral femoral condyle. Surgical excision of the nonunited bone fragment was performed.

Conclusion:

Isolated popliteus avulsion fractures are extremely rare injuries that occur primarily in a skeletally immature patient population and for which treatment options are not well understood. Treatment options include conservative management and early surgical intervention, both of which have inherent risks and benefits. We recommend prompt imaging with computed tomography (CT) to better characterize the degree of injury and follow-up CT imaging in patients who do not undergo early surgical intervention.
Management of a Retained Rare Earth Magnetic Finger Mass Sustained from a Semiconductor Explosion Injury
Authors: Cavanaugh Priscilla K. , Inniss Susan A. , Wang Mark L.
Published: January 2022

Case:

We present a case of a 51-year-old man with a retained supercharged rare earth magnetic finger mass sustained from an explosion injury at a semiconductor processing facility. The patient underwent excision of the rare metal mass, subsequently maintaining digital function without mass recurrence.

Conclusion:

Common to the semiconductor industry, neodymium is a rare earth metal and powerful magnet. Particulates are highly combustible, representing a potential explosive biohazard. To date, its toxicity and bioreactivity within the hand have not been thoroughly investigated. This is the first report of the successful surgical treatment of a retained rare earth neodymium magnetic hand mass.
The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Teacher Performance (Study on SDI Sabilil Huda Sumorame-Temple Teacher)
Authors: Abidin Muhammad Zainal , Nisak Iswatun
Published: January 2022

Kinerja guru adalah kesanggupan dan kecakapan para guru dalam menciptakan suasana komunikasi yang edukatif antara guru dan peserta didik yang mencakup suasana kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik sebagai upaya mempelajari sessuatu berdasarkan perencanaan sampai dengan tahap evaluasi dan tindak lanjut agar mencapai tujuan pengajaran. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari jawaban atas rumusan masalah “apakah ada hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional (X) dengan kinerja pada (Y) guru SDI Sabilil Huda Sumorame, Candi Kabupaten Sidoarjo?” Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini 25 orang guru dan dengan taraf kesalahan 1% diperoleh sampel 24 orang guru dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling.Data penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan skala Kecerdasan Emosional dan Skala Kinerja Guru. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah korelasi product moment dari Karl Pearrson. Hasil analisis data yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan kinerja guru dengan koefisien korelasi 0,647. Nilai koefisien korelasi tersebut positif, yang artinya semakin tinggi kecerdasan emosional guru, maka semakin tinggi pula kinerja guru, dan sebaliknya semakin rendah kecerdasan emosional guru, maka semakin rendah pula kinerja guru.
Emotional Maturity and First Childbirth Anxiety Levels Aged 17-21 Years in Candi Sidoarjo District
Authors: Maryam Effy Wardati , Yeni Yeni
Published: January 2022

The background of this research by the researcher’s curiosity about the level of emotional maturity and anxiety experienced by mothers who gave birth for the first time at age 17-21 years. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a significant correlation between the level of emotional maturity level of anxiety at first birth mothers 17-21 years of age and indicators of what the most dominant influence of emotional maturity and high levels of anxiety. Based on the analysis of obtained results of product moment correlation coefficient rxy ‘correlation with p = -0.167(0.257) > 0.05. this means that relations between the two variables are not significant. Supported also by results of interviews with the related subject of research and data in the field, says that not only emotional maturity factors that influence the level of anxiety a person in the first childbirth, but also the factor of family support, especially husbands and mothers, information about pregnancy and labor that they could get from print and electronic media and the internet which can be accessed with ease, some from their participation in the exercise group became pregnant, briefing the local health clinic doctor or midwife about childbirth and the high level of religiosity. All this is another factor which also makes the low level of anxiety to face the first delivery in mothers 17-21 years of age.
Emotional Intelligence And Participation In Campus Organizations
Authors: Santoso Wahyu Budi , Iriani Ririn Dewanti Dian Samudra
Published: January 2022

Emotional intelligence is very influential to achieving success even for someone everyday life. However, there is a difference between the students emotional intelligence whose join in organization with whose do not join in the organization. The purpose of this study was to find out the difference between student emotional intelligence in terms of participation in campus organizations for UMSIDA student. This study used a quantitative approach. The variables of this study were students whose joined in campus organization and whose not as an independent variable (X) and student emotional intelligence as the dependent variable (Y). Purposive sampling was implemented as the sampling technique for 125 students whose joined in the organization and 125 students whose did not join in campus organization as predetermined character. t-test analysis used to analyze difference between data which calculated by SPSS-17 For Windows. The result shown that t = - 5,584 and p<0,05 (0,000<0,05), this means that there are differences between student emotional intelligence who join in campus organization with whose not.
Understanding of the Causes and Psychological Dynamics of Students Skipping School (A Study Through Case Studies)
Authors: Affandi Ghozali Rusyid
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to determine the causes of truancy in high school students and to understand the psychological dynamics of high school students were absent. To achieve the goal of these studies used the framework of the research question consists of 5 questions, among others: 1). What the causes of truancy in junior high school student, 2). How do parents in implementing parenting at home, 3). How do teachers in delivering the course material; 4) What is the influence of the peer group does truancy; 5). How psychological dynamics junior high school students who were truancy. Qualitative research method used is the case study that examines a single case, with one person subject to the criteria of the study subjects were teenagers who were educated at the Junior High School, was truant more than school provision, 12 - 14 years , male sex and living in Yogyakarta. This study took place in the one of junior high school in Yogyakarta. Data taken using in-depth interviews to subjects and informants, participant observation and field notes. From the analysis carried out it was found that the causes of truant behavior of the subject is 1) The influence of peers, 2) Personal subject it self; 3) Factors parenting from his parents; 4) Threatening and worried environment, 5) the school environment factors. And comorbid psychological dynamics truant behavior consists of three conditions, pre conditions (will do skipping school), while truant and after truant. In addition it also found participation behavior after truant period, the positive behavior in the form of the emergence of a sense of responsibility will backwardness lessons and negative behaviors such as lying to teachers and parents about causes of truant behavior.
How can clinicians choose between conflicting and discordant systematic reviews? A replication study of the Jadad algorithm
Authors: Lunny Carole , Thirugnanasampanthar Sai Surabi , Kanji Sal , Ferri Nicola , Pieper Dawid , Whitelaw Sera , Tasmin Sara , Nelson Harrison H. , Reid Emma K. , Zhang Jia He , Kalkat Banveer , Chi Yuan , Abdoulrezzak Reema , Zheng Di Wen , Pangka Lindy R.S. , Sooch Anmol , Kang Kevin T. , Wang Xin Ran , Safavi Parisa , Tricco Andrea C.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The exponential growth of published systematic reviews (SRs) presents challenges for clinicians seeking to answer clinical questions. In 1997, an algorithm was created by Jadad et al. to choose the best SR across multiple. Our study aims to replicate author assessments using the Jadad algorithm to determine: (i) if we chose the same SR as the authors; and (ii) if we reach the same results.Methods and Analysis: We searched MEDLINE, Epistemonikos, and Cochrane Database of SRs. We included any study using the Jadad algorithm. We used consensus building strategies to operationalise the algorithm and to ensure a consistent approach to interpretation.Results: We identified 21 studies that used the Jadad algorithm to choose one or more SRs. In 62% (13/21) of cases, we were unable to replicate the Jadad assessment and ultimately chose a different SR than the authors. Overall, 18 out of the 21 (86%) independent Jadad assessments agreed in direction of the findings despite 13 having chosen a different SR. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the Jadad algorithm is not reproducible between users as there are no prescriptive instructions about how to operationalise the algorithm. In the absence of a validated algorithm, we recommend that healthcare providers, policy makers, patients and researchers address conflicts between review findings by choosing the SR(s) with meta-analysis of RCTs that most closely resemble their clinical, public health, or policy question, are the most recent, comprehensive (i.e. in terms of number of included RCTs), and at the lowest risk of bias.
Steering device-quality perovskites with unique substrate tolerance
Authors: Ren Ningyu , Wang Pengyang , Jiang Junke , Li Renjie , Han Wei , Liu Jingjing , Zhu Zhao , Chen Bingbing , Xu Qiaojing , Li Tiantian , Shi Biao , Huang Qian , Zhang Dekun , Apergi Sofia , Brocks Geert , Zhu Chenjun , Tao Shuxia , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan
Published: January 2022

Polycrystalline perovskite films fabricated on flexible and textured substrates often are highly defective, leading to poor performance of perovskite devices. Finding substrate-tolerant perovskite fabrication strategies is therefore paramount. Herein, we show that a small amount of Cadmium Acetate (CdAc2) in PbI2 precursor solution results in nano-hole array films and improves the diffusion of organic salts in PbI2, and promotes favorable crystal orientation and suppresses non-radiative recombination. Polycrystalline perovskite films on flexible substrate with ultra-long carrier lifetimes exceeding 6 μs are achieved. Eventually, a record PCE of 22.78% is obtained for single-junction flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs). Furthermore, we find this strategy is also demonstrated to be applicable for textured tandem solar cells. Our perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs) with CdAc2 showed an efficiency of 29.25% (0.5003 cm2), with a certified value being 23.07% (11.8792 cm2), respectively, the highest value reported for solution-based TSCs. Un-encapsulated TSCs based on CdAc2 maintain 109.78% of their initial efficiency after operation at maximum power point under continuous one-sun illumination for 300 hours at 45 oC in N2 atmosphere. This strategy will provide facile access to high-efficiency perovskite-based solar cells.
Towards a Robotic Scientist for Synthesis of Nanocrystals
Authors: Zhao Haitao , Chen Wei , Sun Zhehao , Lai Fuming , Zhang Baicheng , Wang Zhuo , Huang Hao , Moses Oyawale Adetunji , Adam Mukhtar Lawan , Chen Zijian , Pang Cheng Heng , Wu Tao , Chu Paul K. , Lu Yang , Jiang Jun , YIN ZONGYOU , Yu Xue-Feng
Published: January 2022

Data-driven materials synthesis is heralded as a new paradigm to substitute for trial-and-error experiments and labor-intensive tasks by human scientists. Herein, a Robotic Scientist platform that can deliver unprecedented performance for rational design, controllable synthesis, and retrosynthesis of nanocrystals is described. By taking advantage of interdisciplinary fields including artificial intelligence, robotic automation, and big data, the Robotic Scientist platform is trained to synthesize Au nanocrystals. Existing knowledge and machine learning models are integrated into the rational design process. Controllable synthesis is achieved by synergistic coupling of robot-assisted synthesis on the macro-scale and nanocrystal growth on the nano-scale. By means of the Robotic Scientist platform, over 2,300 samples are synthesized in conjunction with in-situ characterization to accomplish the complete task of design-synthesis-retrosynthesis. The platform and methodology of Robotic Scientist pave the way for digital synthesis of nanocrystals and facilitate the paradigm shift to data-driven materials synthesis.
Supporting adjuvant endocrine therapy adherence in women with breast cancer: the development of a complex behavioural intervention using Intervention Mapping guided by the Multiphase Optimisation Strategy
Authors: Green Sophie M. C. , French David P. , Graham Christopher D. , Hall Louise H. , Rousseau Nikki , Foy Robbie , Clark Jane , Parbutt Catherine , Raine Erin , Gardner Benjamin , Velikova Galina , Moore Sally , Buxton Jacqueline , Smith Samuel G.
Published: January 2022

Background

Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) reduces the risk of breast cancer recurrence and mortality. However, up to three-quarters of women with breast cancer do not take AET as prescribed. Existing interventions to support adherence to AET have largely been unsuccessful, and have not focused on the most salient barriers to adherence. This paper describes the process of developing four theory-based intervention components to support adherence to AET. Our aim is to provide an exemplar of intervention development using Intervention Mapping (IM) with guidance from the Multiphase Optimisation Strategy (MOST).
Methods

Iterative development followed the six-stage IM framework with stakeholder involvement. Stage 1 involved a literature review of barriers to adherence and existing interventions, which informed the intervention objectives outlined in Stage 2. Stage 3 identified relevant theoretical considerations and practical strategies for supporting adherence. Stage 4 used information from Stages 1-3 to develop the intervention components. Stages 5 and 6 detailed implementation considerations and evaluation plans for the intervention package, respectively.
Results

The final intervention package comprised four individual intervention components: Short Message Service to encourage habitual behaviours surrounding medication taking; an information leaflet to target unhelpful beliefs about AET; remotely delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based guided self-help to reduce psychological distress; and a website to support self-management of AET side-effects. Considerations for implementation within the NHS, including cost, timing and mode of delivery were outlined, with explanation as to how using MOST can aid this. We detail our plans for the final stage of IM which involve feasibility testing. This involved planning an external exploratory pilot trial using a 24−1 fractional factorial design, and a process evaluation to assess acceptability and fidelity of intervention components and overall trial experience.
Conclusions

We have described a systematic and logical approach for developing a theoretically informed intervention package to support medication adherence in women with breast cancer using AET. Further research to optimise the intervention package, guided by MOST, has the potential to lead to more effective, efficient and scalable interventions.
The influence of microplastics on the toxic effects and biodegradation of bisphenol A in the microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Authors: He Dandan , Zeng Youmei , Zhou Guangming
Published: January 2022

Bisphenol A (BPA) and Polystyrene (PS) microplastics have attracted much attention due to they were widely distributed in the environment, while their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms has rarely been studied. Therefore, this study explored that the impact of microplastics on the toxic effects and biodegradation of BPA to the microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa). The results indicated that the presence of PS increased the growth inhibition of BPA and also accelerated the degradation efficiency of BPA in the medium of C. pyrenoidosa. When PS and BPA coexisted, the chlorophyll content and the Fv/Fm value decreased with the increased PS concentration due to the hermetic effect and shading effect. Moreover, this study also found that five intermediates were formed during BPA degradation process because of the presence of oxidoreductase and glycosyltransferase. The results of the study provided vital information on the effect of PS on the toxicity and biodegradation of BPA to microalgal.
Isolated Long-Term Anticoagulation as an Alternative for the Management of Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve Thrombosis in a High-Risk Surgical Patient
Authors: Kassab Joseph , Azar Rabih
Published: January 2022

We herein describe a case and provide images of a bioprosthetic mitral valve thrombosis and a huge left atrial appendage thrombus occurring during atrial fibrillation 12 years after initial heart surgery. The patient was treated conservatively with oral anti-coagulation because he was a high surgical risk with complete resolution of the thrombosis after 2 months of therapy. This case suggests that in a high surgical risk patient, effective oral anticoagulation might be a good alternative to surgery.
The Efficacy and Safety of PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy in Recurrence Glioblastoma: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tang Nan , Chen Chen , Gao Lianxuan , Hu Shushu , Chen Yulei , Zeng Yingying , Du Shasha
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in recurrence glioblastoma remains unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis is to access the survival outcomes of immunotherapy in these patients.Methods: A comprehensive electronic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library was conducted up to August 22, 2021. The main evaluation data were the overall survival (OS) rate at 12 months and the progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months. The secondary evaluation data was the incidence of serious adverse events(grade 3 or greater AEs). The study was performed using R“meta” package.Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, which totally contained 343 participants. The 12-month OS in recurrent GBM were 40% (95% CI: 89.2% -95.1%), while the 6-month PFS 16.0% (95%CI 9%–23%). The overall incidence of adverse reactions is approximately 25% [0.13; 0.40], the toxicity of immunotherapy was acceptable.Conclusions: Compared with survival data for BEV (bevacizumab) /BPC(best physician's choice chemotherapy) treatment, immunotherapy seemed to improve overall survival and progression-free survival, Meanwhile, the toxicity of immunotherapy was tolerable. Further randomised controlled clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings. And also suggests that the earlier we apply anti-PD-1/PDL-1 immunotherapy to patients with relapsed glioblastoma, the greater the benefit may be.
Genetic Architecture of Fusarium Head Blight Disease Resistance and Associated Traits in Nordic Spring Wheat
Authors: nannuru vinay kumar reddy , Windju Susanne S. , Belova Tatiana , Dieseth Jon Arne , Alsheikh Muath , Dong Yanhong , McCartney Curt A. , Henriques Maria Antonia , Buerstmayr Hermann , Michel Sebastian , Meuwissen Theodorus H.E. , Lillemo Morten
Published: January 2022

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a widely known devastating disease of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum and other Fusarium species. FHB resistance is quantitative, highly complex and divided into several resistance types. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) that are effective against several of the resistance types give valuable contributions to resistance breeding. A spring wheat panel of 300 cultivars and breeding lines of Nordic and exotic origins was tested in artificially inoculated field trials and subjected to visual FHB assessment in the years 2013 to 2015, 2019 and 2020. Deoxynivalenol (DON) content was measured on harvested grain samples and anther extrusion (AE) was assessed in separate trials. Principal component analysis based on 35K and 25K SNP arrays revealed the existence of two subgroups, dividing the panel into European and exotic lines. We employed a genome-wide association study to detect QTL associated with FHB traits and identify marker-trait associations (MTAs) that consistently influenced FHB resistance. Several MTAs were found to be significant for the FHB resistance. Of importance, haplotype analysis revealed a highly significant and consisted QTL on 7A, Qfhb.nmbu.7A.2, which was further validated on an independent set of breeding lines. Breeder-friendly KASP markers were developed for this QTL that can be used in marker-assisted selection. The lines in the wheat panel harboured from zero to five resistance alleles, and allele stacking showed that resistance can be significantly increased by combining several of these resistance alleles. This information enhances breeders´ possibilities for genomic prediction and to breed cultivars with improved FHB resistance.
Interval-Valued Fermatean Hesitant Fuzzy Sets and Infectious Diseases Application
Authors: Kirişci Murat , Şimşek Necip
Published: January 2022

The Hesitant Fuzzy Set, which is a generalization of fuzzy sets, is an important tool in dealing with the difficulties that arise in determining the membership of an element to a set when there is doubt between several different values in decision-making problems. In this study, Fermatean hesitant fuzzy set is given to ensure to operate the conditions in which professionals evaluate an alternative in probable membership values and non-membership values. Aggregation operators of newly defined sets are defined to implement to multi-attributed group decision-making problems. The main properties of the new sets were examined. A new score function and accuracy function are given to compare two interval-valued numbers. Finally, a numeric example exactly demonstrates the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of the offered technique.
Impact Analysis of COVID-19 on Employment Trends
Authors: Jabbar Abdul , Shahzad Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Along with the spread of the COVID-19 virus, other crises have evinced in the form of employment trends around the globe. As it has affected the economies of the biggest countries, it has also affected the common person's daily life. There is a need to identify and understand the informational crisis and the sentiments of the general public towards the employment trends during the COVID-19. As the unemployment which can directly cost the mental health of the person, so it is really important to understand the relationship of the COVID-19 pandemic with the employment trends. As due to this virus, we have seen the social distancing and the self-isolation as well, so the work from home culture has also been seen in the employment trends during the specific period. In this research, we need to identify the sentiments of people on changing employment trends to analyze the impact of it on their daily life and mental health. As to how this pandemic has changed the trends from people losing jobs at a certain time when the it was at the peak to so many job opportunities after some months when it had the low density. In this research, we will be building a data set of COVID-19 tweets collected from twitter API and other dataset collected the dataset COVID-19 cases from WHO, furthermore we have calculated the employment related sentiments using VADER algorithm, also plot the COVID-19 cases timeline as well and did the trends analysis to see the sentiments of the users towards the employment trends during the COVID-19. Finally, after finding some major trends, these results are plotted on the visualizations graph using PowerBI tool.
Association between temperature and life table development of Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda under control condition
Authors: Kumara ADNT Thissa , AMKG Muhandiram , GKMMK Ranaweera , MB Ayeshmanthi , Sarathchandra SR , ANM Mubarak
Published: January 2022

Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (FAW) is one of the devastating polyphagous pests having a wide range of host plants that contribute substantial losses to crop cultivation. For such pests, temperatures exert a significant impact on biology, distribution, and abundance. Hence the present study was executed with the aims of evaluating the effects of different temperatures on the growth and development of fall armyworm. FAW larvae collected from the infested field and were reared in three different temperatures regimes viz. 25±1°C (T25), 30±1°C (T30) and 35 ±1°C (T35) incubator provided with 12:12 photo period. Life table and fecundity tables were calculated using growth parameters. The results indicated that the mean duration of each stage of lifecycle at three different temperatures were significantly different from each other. The accumulated mortality at the adult stage was 95%, 61% and 64% at T35, T30 and T25 respectively. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 132.17, the average period of generation time (Tc) was less in T30 (32.31) with the daily finite rate of increase in number (λ) was 1.1702 females/female/day and a population doubling time of 3.004 days. Similarly, the intrinsic rate of natural increase in number (rm) was 0.1511 females/female/ day and hypothetical female population in the F2 generation was found to be higher at T30 (17468.20) thus the results indicated that T30 favors the growth and development of FAW compared to the other tested temperatures. Our findings could be useful for the implication in pest management and forecasting.
Waste Electronics in the United States: Future Trends and Economical Potential
Authors: Peng Peng , Shehabi Arman
Published: January 2022

Waste electronics are a growing environmental concern, but with proper end-of-life (EOL) management strategies, they can have great economic value due to their embedded resources such as precious metals. Recycling resources from waste electronics is a growing area of research, and recent studies have modeled the growth of common waste electronics (i.e., TVs, phones, computers) in several countries around the world. One challenge with waste electronics is that the distribution of embedded resource is highly related to equipment type and region. The recent growth and development of new electronics may reshape the resource availability and nation-wide EOL strategies for creating a circular economy around waste electronics. Herein, our material flow analysis shows that 1.6 billion small to midsize electronic devices, representing 2.6 million tons, could be discarded annually in the United State by 2031. Emerging types of electronics such as AR/VR devices and connected monitoring devices have become the fastest growing types of electronics devices, which could significantly impact the electronic waste stream. By combing the geospatial distribution of waste electronics and U.S. virgin mining resources, we show that it is feasible and profitable to integrate the waste and virgin mining pathways in certain U.S. regions. New infrastructure designed specifically for waste electronics treatment are favorable in the Central and Eastern regions of the U.S. We further quantify how uncertainties in metal composition can lead to distinct EOL scenarios of waste electronics in the next decade and demonstrate why improved tear down analyses of waste electronics are needed.
Highly Confined Mid-infrared Plasmonics in Graphene-plasma Cylindrical Structures
Authors: Heydari Mohammad Bagher
Published: January 2022

A new theoretical model is suggested for gyro-electric cylindrical waveguides incorporating graphene layers in this article. To validate the model, the analytical result of FOM is compared to simulation one prepared by COMSOL for a graphene nano-wire. The full agreement between them is seen, which confirmed the high accuracy of our model. As a special case of the general waveguide, a novel gyro-electric-based waveguide with double-layer graphene, constituting graphene-InSb-graphene-SiO2-Si layers, is introduced and investigated. It is shown that the FOM of the designed waveguide could be altered via the chemical potential and the magnetic field.
Prospektive randomisierte Studie zum Vergleich von resorbierbarer und nicht-resorbierbarer Intrakutannaht bei der Implantation von Herzschrittmachern
Authors:   , Zezyk Celine
Published: January 2022

Hintergrund: Seit mehr als 50 Jahren werden in Deutschland Herzschrittmacher-Implantationen durchgeführt, mittlerweile mit mehr als 100.000 Implantationen pro Jahr. Obwohl es sich um einen gängigen Eingriff handelt, existieren wenig prospektiv randomisierte Studien zu technischen Aspekten der Implantation, insbesondere dem Wundverschluss am Ende der Operation. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, an einem Kollektiv von Patienten unerwünschte Ereignisse und kosmetische Ergebnisse, in Abhängigkeit des beim Hautverschluss verwendeten Nahtmaterials (resorbierbarer bzw. nicht-resorbierbarer Faden), miteinander zu vergleichen. Methoden: In einem Zeitraum von Juli 2018 bis April 2019 wurden Patienten mit geplanter de novo Herzschrittmacher-Implantation ohne Defibrillationstherapie prospektiv in die Studie eingeschlossen und anhand einer Randomisierungliste in zwei Probandengruppen eingeteilt: nicht-resorbierbares Nahtmaterial (Gruppe Prolene®) bzw. resorbierbares Nahtmaterial (Gruppe Monocryl®). Ein Tag (Beobachtungszeitpunkt 1), sechs Wochen (Beobachtungszeitpunkt 2) und ein Jahr post-OP (Beobachtungszeitpunkt 3) erfolgte die Beurteilung der Narbe bezüglich des kosmetischen Ergebnisses und klinisch relevanter, unerwünschter Ereignisse. Zur kosmetischen Beurteilung diente die Wundbreite in mm, eine auftretende Kelloidbildung und die „Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale“ (POSA-Score). Dieser wurde zu Beobachtungszeitpunkt 1 seitens des Patienten auf zwei Fragen (Schmerzhaftigkeit, Juckreiz) reduziert. Die erhobenen klinisch relevanten Parameter waren Nachblutungen, Infektionen, Insuffizienz der Naht und Revisions-OP aufgrund eines Lokalbefundes. Ergebnisse: Es konnten 114 Patienten in die Studie eingeschlossen werden. Zu Beobachtungszeitpunkt 2 und Beobachtungszeitpunkt 3 belief sich die Anzahl auf jeweils 92 Probanden. Zu allen drei Beobachtungszeitpunkten konnte zwischen beiden Gruppen weder ein signifikanter Unterschied im kosmetischen Ergebnis noch im Auftreten klinisch relevanter Ereignisse festgestellt werden. Schlussfolgerung: Anhand der vorliegenden Studie scheint das verwendete Nahtmaterial keinen großen Einfluss auf das kosmetische Ergebnis der Narbe, sowie auf das Auftreten von unerwünschten Ereignissen zu haben. Eine multizentrische prospektiv randomisierte Studie mit größerer Patientenanzahl ist notwendig, um die hier erhobenen Daten zu verifizieren.
Microplastics in Latin America Ecosystems: A Critical Review of the Current Stage and Research Needs
Authors: Fernandes Andreia , Bertoldi Crislaine , Lara Larissa , Stival Jéssica , Alves Nortom , Cabrera Pedro , Grassi Marco
Published: January 2022

The ubiquity of microplastics ecosystems has gained global attention. In this context, Latin America, which is responsible for 8% of the world’s consumption of plastic material and has a small recycling rate (4.5%), does not have enough data on microplastics contamination in its environmental matrices. This systematic review analyzed 196 studies from 16 territorials in Latin America and provided information about the current state of knowledge regarding the abundance, distribution, and associated impact of microplastics in different matrices. This review also describes the analytical procedures of sampling, extraction, identification, and characterization methodologies adopted by the literature review. The analysis shows that most of the studies that investigate microplastics abundance were carried out in the marine environment (59%), and there is an insufficient investigation on microplastics abundance in freshwater bodies (16%). Among all the studies, the highest microplastics concentration was observed in regions with high population density and/or in locations without proper sanitation and solid waste management. Additionally, the difference among microplastics abundance in the studies might be associated with the different analytical procedures employed to investigate microplastics. Lastly, knowledge gaps are identified, and recommendations are proposed to guide future studies on microplastics contamination.
Cyganie (Romowie) a ich historia. Mitologia „wiecznej” wędrówki (zarys problemu)
Authors: Koper Tomasz
Published: January 2022

Artykuł omawia w kontekstach historycznych zagadnienia związane z nomadyzmem Cyganów. Punktem wyjścia jest założenie o istnieniu mitologicznego sposobu myślenia o ich wędrówkach (nomadyzmie, półnomadyzmie). Utrwalił się on zarówno w myśleniu większościowym, jak i w percepcji samych Cyganów. Przykładami opisanymi w artykule są postawy określonych państw i polityka realizowana wobec Romów. Autor przedstawił również sposoby poruszania się Cyganów po drogach Europy.
Sprawozdanie ze spotkania z cyklu „Economic Lunchtime Seminars” pt. Moldova’s competitiveness: tendencies, challenges and SMEs difficuties
Authors: Gardian Aleksandra
Published: January 2022

Zgodnie z tradycją ugruntowaną na Wydziale Społeczno-Ekonomicznym UKSW w czwartek, 28 stycznia 2021 r., odbyło się kolejne spotkanie z cyklu „Economic Lunchtime Seminars”, które – po sukcesie grudniowego seminarium – było wyczekiwane nie tylko przez organizatorów i pracowników naukowo-dydaktycznych Wydziału, lecz również przez studentów. Frekwencja na spotkaniu była co prawda mniejsza, ale zapewne było to spowodowane zbliżającą się sesją egzaminacyjną, do której przygotowanie się było dla studentów priorytetem.
Os Exames Nacionais de Geografia de 2019 e a sua capacidade de avaliar o Pensamento Espacial
Authors: Martinha Cristiana
Published: January 2022

The development of spatial thinking is a key objective of Geographical Education. Because of that, it is important to analyse if the national exams of Geography of Portugal are able to evaluate this key objective of Geographical Education. We analysed all the questions of the three exams of Geography of the year 2019 and we classified these questions using the Taxonomy of Spatial Thinking developed by Jo and Bednarz, 2009. We concluded that in these Geography’s exams of 2019 the majority of the questions evaluate the spatial thinking in a low level. The questions that ask a spatial thinking in a middle level are almost not existing and there are few questions evaluating the spatial thinking in the higher level of the taxonomy. Because of this, the results of our research are in the same line of the results of other authors that defend the national exams of Geography of secondary education in Portugal need to change and also the curriculum of this education level for the subject of Geography
Importância do estágio supervisionado para a formação docente em Geografia
Authors: Silva Eduardo Rafael Franco da , Silva Kariny Lucas
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the importance of supervised internship, activity required in undergraduate courses and here with a greater attention to the area of geography. The purpose of supervised internship practice is to develop in each undergraduate student not only the understanding of the theories studied during the undergraduate course, but also their applicability and reflection on the practice that begins at this moment, equipping the teacher in formation. for the transformation of society. The supervised internship provides the graduate with mastery of theoretical and practical instruments essential to the performance of their duties and aims to benefit from the experience and promote the development, in the professional field, of the theoretical and practical knowledge acquired during the course in higher education institutions. favor, through various educational spaces, the expansionof the cultural universe of future teachers. This is a broad challenge, because during the internship the student needs to get used to differences between students and their contexts, to understand that the classroom cannot be a space of stress, that it is necessary to have tranquillityin dealing with students. and that through an interactive process, teacher and student need to transform the classroom into an environment of pleasure, growth on both sides and achievements. In short, the supervised internship gives the notion of what the future teacher will face in his daily life, learning how to deal with daily contingencies and achieving his greater goal, which is the promotion of learning. This practice also broadens the understanding of the environment in which it operates, as well as the responsibilities of its work.
Use of Mobile and Wearable Artificial Intelligence in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Scoping Review
Authors: Welch Victoria , Wy Tom Joshua , Ligezka Anna , Hassett Leslie C , Croarkin Paul E , Athreya Arjun P , Romanowicz Magdalena
Published: January 2022

Background

Mental health disorders are a leading cause of medical disabilities across an individual’s lifespan. This burden is particularly substantial in children and adolescents because of challenges in diagnosis and the lack of precision medicine approaches. However, the widespread adoption of wearable devices (eg, smart watches) that are conducive for artificial intelligence applications to remotely diagnose and manage psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents is promising.

Objective

This study aims to conduct a scoping review to study, characterize, and identify areas of innovations with wearable devices that can augment current in-person physician assessments to individualize diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in child and adolescent psychiatry.

Methods

This scoping review used information from the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A comprehensive search of several databases from 2011 to June 25, 2021, limited to the English language and excluding animal studies, was conducted. The databases included Ovid MEDLINE and Epub ahead of print, in-process and other nonindexed citations, and daily; Ovid Embase; Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; Web of Science; and Scopus.

Results

The initial search yielded 344 articles, from which 19 (5.5%) articles were left on the final source list for this scoping review. Articles were divided into three main groups as follows: studies with the main focus on autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and internalizing disorders such as anxiety disorders. Most of the studies used either cardio-fitness chest straps with electrocardiogram sensors or wrist-worn biosensors, such as watches by Fitbit. Both allowed passive data collection of the physiological signals.

Conclusions

Our scoping review found a large heterogeneity of methods and findings in artificial intelligence studies in child psychiatry. Overall, the largest gap identified in this scoping review is the lack of randomized controlled trials, as most studies available were pilot studies and feasibility trials.