bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations of appetitive traits with growth velocities from infancy to childhood
Authors: Olwi Duaa Ibrahim , Day Felix R. , Cheng Tuck Seng , Olga Laurentya , Petry Clive J. , Hughes Ieuan A. , Smith Andrea D. , Ong Ken K.
Published: September 2023

Several studies have reported associations between appetitive traits and weight gain during infancy or childhood, but none have directly compared these associations across both age periods. Here, we tested the associations between appetitive traits and growth velocities from birth to childhood. Appetitive trait data were collected using the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) in 149 children from the Cambridge Baby Growth Study at age 9–17 years. These participants also provided anthropometric measurements during infancy (birth, 3, 12, 18, and 24 months) and childhood (5 to 11 years). Standardized growth velocities (in weight, length/height, BMI, and body fat percentage) for 0–3 months, 3–24 months, and 24 months to childhood were estimated using individual linear-spline models. Associations between each of the eight CEBQ traits and each growth velocity were tested in separate multilevel linear regression models, adjusted for sex, age at CEBQ completion, and the corresponding birth measurement (weight, length, BMI, or body fat percentage). The three food-approach traits (food responsiveness, enjoyment of food and emotional overeating) were positively associated with infancy and childhood growth velocities in weight, BMI, and body fat percentage. By contrast, only one of the food-avoidant traits, satiety responsiveness, was negatively associated with all growth velocities. Significant associations were mostly of similar magnitude across all age periods. These findings reveal a broadly consistent relationship between appetitive traits with gains in weight and adiposity throughout infancy and childhood. Future interventions and strategies to prevent obesity may benefit from measuring appetitive traits in infants and children and targeting these as part of their programs.
Sleep impairment and altered pattern of circadian biomarkers during a long-term Antarctic summer camp
Authors: Moraes Michele Macedo , Marques Alice Lamounier , Borges Leandro , Hatanaka Elaine , Heller Debora , Núñez-Espinosa Cristian , Gonçalves Dawit Albieiro Pinheiro , Soares Danusa Dias , Wanner Samuel Penna , Mendes Thiago Teixeira , Arantes Rosa Maria Esteves
Published: September 2023

Antarctic expeditions include isolation and exposure to cold and extreme photoperiods (with continuous natural light during summer) that may influence psychophysiological responses modulated by luminosity and sleep. We assessed changes in night sleep patterns by actigraphy, salivary biomarkers, and perceptual variables in seven participants in the following time points along a 50-day camping expedition in Antarctica (Nelson Island): Pre-Field (i.e., on the ship before camp), Field-1, Field-2, Field-3, Field-4 (from 1st to 10th, 11th to 20th, 21st to 35th and 36th to 50th days in camp, respectively), and Post-Field (on the ship after camp). We also characterized mood states, daytime sleepiness, and sleep quality by questionnaires. Staying in an Antarctic camp reduced sleep efficiency (5.2%) and increased the number of awakenings and wakefulness after sleep onset (51.8% and 67.1%, respectively). Furthermore, transient increases in time in bed (16.5%) and sleep onset latency (4.8 ± 4.0 min, from Pre- to Field-3) was observed. These changes were accompanied by an altered pattern of the emerging circadian marker β-Arrestin-1 and a trend to reduce nocturnal melatonin [57.1%; P = 0.066, with large effect size (ES) from Pre-Field to Field-2 (ES = 1.2) and Field-3 (ES = 1.2)]. All changes returned to Pre-Field values during the Post-Field. The volunteers reported sleep-related physical complaints (feeling of cold and pain, discomfort to breathe, and cough or loud snoring), excessive daytime sleepiness, and reduced vigor during the camp. Thus, a 50-day camp alters neuroendocrine regulation and induces physical discomfort, which may explain the impaired sleep pattern and the consequent daytime sleepiness and mood changes.
Discovery of Nedd4 auto-ubiquitination inhibitors
Authors: Yong Darren , Green Stuart R. , Ghiabi Pegah , Santhakumar Vijayaratnam , Vedadi Masoud
Published: September 2023

E3 ubiquitin ligases are critical to the protein degradation pathway by catalyzing the final step in protein ubiquitination by mediating ubiquitin transfer from E2 enzymes to target proteins. Nedd4 is a HECT domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase with a wide range of protein targets, the dysregulation of which has been implicated in myriad pathologies, including cancer and Parkinson's disease. Towards the discovery of compounds disrupting the auto-ubiquitination activity of Nedd4, we developed and optimized a TR-FRET assay for high-throughput screening. Through selective screening of a library of potentially covalent compounds, compounds25and81demonstrated apparent IC50values of 52 µM and 31 µM, respectively. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis confirmed that25and81were covalently bound to Nedd4 cysteine residues (Cys182 and Cys867). In addition,81also adducted to Cys627. Auto-ubiquitination assays of Nedd4 mutants featuring alanine substitutions for each of these cysteines suggested that the mode of inhibition of these compounds occurs through blocking the catalytic Cys867. The discovery of these inhibitors could enable the development of therapeutics for various diseases caused by Nedd4 E3 ligase dysregulation.
A novel combined intelligent algorithm prediction model for the risk of the coal and gas outburst
Authors: Wang Zhie , Xu Jingde , Ma Jun , Cai Zhuowen
Published: September 2023

The mechanism of coal and gas outburst disasters is perplexing, and the evaluation methods of outburst disasters based on various sensitive indicators often have some imprecision and fuzziness. With the concept of accurate and intelligent mining in coal mines proposed in China, selecting quantifiable parameters for machine learning risk prediction can avoid the deviation caused by human subjectivity, and improve the accuracy of coal and gas outburst prediction. Aiming at the shortcomings of the support vector machine (SVM) such as low noise resistance and being prone to be influenced by parameters easily, this research proposed a prediction method based on a grey wolf optimizer to optimize the support vector machine (GWO-SVM). To coordinate the global and local optimization ability of the GWO, Tent Chaotic Mapping and DLH strategies were introduced to improve the optimization ability of the GWO and reduce the local optimal probability. The improved prediction model IGWO-SVM was used to predict the coal and gas outburst. The results showed that this model has faster training speed and higher classification prediction accuracy than the SVM and GWO-SVM models, which the accuracy rate reaching 100%. Finally, to obtain the correlation between the parameters of the coal and gas outburst prediction parameters, the random forest algorithm was used for training, and the three parameters with the highest feature importance were selected to rebuild the data set for machine learning. The accuracy of the IGWO-SVM outburst prediction model based on Random Forest was still 100%. Therefore, even if some prediction parameters are missing, the outburst can still be effectively predicted by using the RF-IGWO-SVM model, which is beneficial for the model application and underground safety management.
A metagenomic catalog for exploring the plastizymes landscape covering taxa, genes, and proteins
Authors: Jahanshahi Donya Afshar , Ariaeenejad Shohreh , Kavousi Kaveh
Published: September 2023

There are significant environmental and health concerns associated with the current inefficient plastic recycling process. This study presents the first integrated reference catalog of plastic-contaminated environments obtained using an insilico workflow that could play a significant role in discovering new plastizymes. Here, we combined 66 whole metagenomic data from plastic-contaminated environment samples from four previously collected metagenome data with our new sample. In this study, an integrated plastic-contaminated environment gene, protein, taxa, and plastic degrading enzyme catalog (PDEC) was constructed. These catalogs contain 53,300,583 non-redundant genes and proteins, 691 metagenome-assembled genomes, and 136,654 plastizymes. Based on KEGG and eggNOG annotations, 42% of recognized genes lack annotations, indicating their functions remain elusive and warrant further investigation. Additionally, the PDEC catalog highlights hydrolases, peroxidases, and cutinases as the prevailing plastizymes. Ultimately, following multiple validation procedures, our effort focused on pinpointing enzymes that exhibited the highest similarity to the introduced plastizymes in terms of both sequence and three-dimensional structural aspects. This encompassed evaluating the linear composition of constituent units as well as the complex spatial conformation of the molecule. The resulting catalog is expected to improve the resolution of future multi-omics studies, providing new insights into plastic-pollution related research.
Quantum correlations in the frustrated XY model on the honeycomb lattice
Authors: Satoori Sahar , Mahdavifar Saeed , Vahedi Javad
Published: September 2023

We have investigated the spin-1/2 XY frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg honeycomb model, which features an intermediate region in its ground state phase diagram that is not well understood. The two dominant phases in the diagram are the quantum spin-liquid (QSL) and the antiferromagnetic Ising order. Quantum correlations suggest that the QSL phase is likely to exhibit entanglement. To explore this possibility, we utilized numerical Lanczos and density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) methods to calculate concurrence, quantum discord (QD), and entanglement entropy. The results of our study indicate the existence of quantum entanglement within the intermediate region, implying a greater probability for the dominance of the quantum spin-liquid (QSL) phase over the antiferromagnetic Ising order. This discovery underscores the importance of considering quantum correlations in comprehending the model’s behavior and provides insight into the complex nature of quantum systems.
Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of organic compounds and heavy metals in electronic cigarettes
Authors: Zhao Siyuan , Zhang Xi , Wang Junji , Lin Jianzai , Cao Deyan , Zhu Meilin
Published: September 2023

E-cigarettes are now very popular in the world. Compared to traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes are often considered safer and healthier. However, their safety remains controversial and requires further research and regulation. In this study, we aimed to understand the possible hazards to humans of four compounds (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, and acetone) and seven heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, manganese, lead, copper, nickel, and chromium) contained in e-cigarette liquids and aerosols and perform a health risk assessment. We searched PubMed, CNKI, and other databases for relevant literature to obtain data on organic compounds and heavy metals in e-cigarette liquids and aerosols, and conducted acute, chronic, and carcinogenic risk assessments of various chemicals by different exposure routes. This study showed that exposure to four organic compounds and seven heavy metals in e-cigarette aerosols and e-liquids can cause varying levels of health risks in humans through different routes, with the inhalation route posing a higher overall risk than dermal exposure and oral intake. Various chemicals at high exposure doses can produce health risks beyond the acceptable range. E-cigarette designers must improve their products by changing the composition of the e-liquid and controlling the power of the device to reduce the health effects on humans.
Temperature and prey density drive growth and otolith formation of the world's most valuable fish stock
Authors: Ofelio Claudia , Moyano Marta , Sswat Michael , Rioual Fanny , Moullec Fabien , Aguirre-Velarde Arturo , Peck Myron A.
Published: September 2023

Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens) represents the largest single-species fishery worldwide. Knowledge on how temperature and prey availability influences growth and age estimation during marine fish early life stages is critical for predicting bottom-up processes impacting stock productivity under changing environmental conditions. We reared Peruvian anchovy larvae at two temperatures (14.5 and 18.5 °C) and prey concentrations [high (HF), and low (LF)] from 6 to 30 days post-hatch (dph) to measure growth rate and examine daily deposition of otolith increments. Peruvian anchovy larvae grew faster at 18.5 °C compared to 14.5 °C. Larvae reared at low prey concentration (18.5-LF) and low temperature (14.5-HF) grew 61 and 35% slower, respectively, than those at high prey and warm temperature (18.5-HF). Age and growth rates of larvae were well depicted in the otolith microstructure of well-fed larvae at 18.5 °C. However, larvae reared at 18.5-LF or 14.5-HF, had only 55 and 49% of the expected number of daily otolith increments. Our results suggest caution when attempting to explore how ocean processes regulate small pelagic stocks, the productivity of which are largely driven by changes in the survival and growth of young larvae.
Sharpen data-driven prediction rules of individual large earthquakes with aid of Fourier and Gauss
Authors: Cho In Ho
Published: September 2023

Predicting individual large earthquakes (EQs)’ locations, magnitudes, and timing remains unreachable. The author’s prior study shows that individual large EQs have unique signatures obtained from multi-layered data transformations. Via spatio-temporal convolutions, decades-long EQ catalog data are transformed into pseudo-physics quantities (e.g., energy, power, vorticity, and Laplacian), which turn into surface-like information via Gauss curvatures. Using these new features, a rule-learning machine learning approach unravels promising prediction rules. This paper suggests further data transformation via Fourier transformation (FT). Results show that FT-based new feature can help sharpen the prediction rules. Feasibility tests of large EQs ($$M\ge$$M≥6.5) over the past 40 years in the western U.S. show promise, shedding light on data-driven prediction of individual large EQs. The handshake among ML methods, Fourier, and Gauss may help answer the long-standing enigma of seismogenesis.
Motivation moderates gender differences in navigation performance
Authors: Schinazi Victor R. , Meloni Dario , Grübel Jascha , Angus Douglas J. , Baumann Oliver , Weibel Raphael P. , Jeszenszky Péter , Hölscher Christoph , Thrash Tyler
Published: September 2023

Gender differences in navigation performance are a recurrent and controversial topic. Previous research suggests that men outperform women in navigation tasks and that men and women exhibit different navigation strategies. Here, we investigate whether motivation to complete the task moderates the relationship between navigation performance and gender. Participants learned the locations of landmarks in a novel virtual city. During learning, participants could trigger a top-down map that depicted their current position and the locations of the landmarks. During testing, participants were divided into control and treatment groups and were not allowed to consult the map. All participants were given 16 minutes to navigate to the landmarks, but those in the treatment group were monetarily penalized for every second they spent completing the task. Results revealed a negative relationship between physiological arousal and the time required to locate the landmarks. In addition, gender differences in strategy were found during learning, with women spending more time with the map and taking 40% longer than men to locate the landmarks. Interestingly, an interaction between gender and treatment group revealed that women in the control group required more time than men and women in the treatment group to retrieve the landmarks. During testing, women in the control group also took more circuitous routes compared to men in the control group and women in the treatment group. These results suggest that a concurrent and relevant stressor can motivate women to perform similarly to men, helping to diminish pervasive gender differences found in the navigation literature.
Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling for optimal dosage prediction of olaparib when co-administered with CYP3A4 modulators and in patients with hepatic/renal impairment
Authors: Gao Dongmei , Wang Guopeng , Wu Honghai , Ren Jiawei
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and trough concentration (Ctrough) at steady-state of olaparib (OLA) in Caucasian, Japanese and Chinese. Furthermore, the PBPK model was combined with mean and 95% confidence interval to predict optimal dosing regimens of OLA when co-administered with CYP3A4 modulators and administered to patients with hepatic/renal impairment. The dosing regimens were determined based on safety and efficacy PK threshold Cmax (< 12,500 ng/mL) and Ctrough (772–2500 ng/mL). The population PBPK model for OLA was successfully developed and validated, demonstrating good consistency with clinically observed data. The ratios of predicted to observed values for Cmax and Ctrough fell within the range of 0.5 to 2.0. When OLA was co-administered with a strong or moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor, the recommended dosing regimens should be reduced to 100 mg BID and 150 mg BID, respectively. Additionally, the PBPK model also suggested that OLA could be not recommended with a strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducer. For patients with moderate hepatic and renal impairment, the dosing regimens of OLA were recommended to be reduced to 200 mg BID and 150 mg BID, respectively. In cases of severe hepatic and renal impairment, the PBPK model suggested a dosing regimen of 100 mg BID for OLA. Overall, this present PBPK model can determine the optimal dosing regimens for various clinical scenarios involving OLA.
An artificial intelligence model for the radiographic diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Talaat Wael M. , Shetty Shishir , Al Bayatti Saad , Talaat Sameh , Mourad Louloua , Shetty Sunaina , Kaboudan Ahmed
Published: September 2023

The interpretation of the signs of Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is highly subjective that hinders the diagnostic process. The objectives of this study were to develop and test the performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the diagnosis of TMJ osteoarthritis from CBCT. A total of 2737 CBCT images from 943 patients were used for the training and validation of the AI model. The model was based on a single convolutional network while object detection was achieved using a single regression model. Two experienced evaluators performed a Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD)-based assessment to generate a separate model-testing set of 350 images in which the concluded diagnosis was considered the golden reference. The diagnostic performance of the model was then compared to an experienced oral radiologist. The AI diagnosis showed statistically higher agreement with the golden reference compared to the radiologist. Cohen’s kappa showed statistically significant differences in the agreement between the AI and the radiologist with the golden reference for the diagnosis of all signs collectively (P = 0.0079) and for subcortical cysts (P = 0.0214). AI is expected to eliminate the subjectivity associated with the human interpretation and expedite the diagnostic process of TMJ osteoarthritis.
Integrating GIS and remote sensing for land use/land cover mapping and groundwater potential assessment for climate-smart cocoa irrigation in Ghana
Authors: Akpoti Komlavi , Dembélé Moctar , Forkuor Gerald , Obuobie Emmanuel , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe , Cofie Olufunke
Published: September 2023

Although Ghana is a leading global cocoa producer, its production and yield have experienced declines in recent years due to various factors, including long-term climate change such as increasing temperatures and changing rainfall patterns, as well as drought events. With the increasing exposure of cocoa-producing regions to extreme weather events, the vulnerability of cocoa production is also expected to rise. Supplemental irrigation for cocoa farmers has emerged as a viable adaptation strategy to ensure a consistent water supply and enhance yield. However, understanding the potential for surface and groundwater irrigation in the cocoa-growing belt remains limited. Consequently, this study aims to provide decision-support maps for surface and groundwater irrigation potential to aid planning and investment in climate-smart cocoa irrigation. Utilizing state-of-the-art geospatial and remote sensing tools, data, and methods, alongside in-situ groundwater data, we assess the irrigation potential within Ghana's cocoa-growing areas. Our analysis identified a total area of 22,126 km2 for cocoa plantations and 125.2 km2 for surface water bodies within the cocoa-growing regions. The multi-criteria analysis (MCA) revealed that approximately 80% of the study area exhibits moderate to very high groundwater availability potential. Comparing the MCA output with existing borehole locations demonstrated a reasonable correlation, with about 80% of existing boreholes located in areas with moderate to very high potential. Boreholes in very high potential areas had the highest mean yield of 90.7 l/min, while those in low groundwater availability potential areas registered the lowest mean yield of 58.2 l/min. Our study offers a comprehensive evaluation of water storage components and their implications for cocoa irrigation in Ghana. While groundwater availability shows a generally positive trend, soil moisture and surface water have been declining, particularly in the last decade. These findings underline the need for climate-smart cocoa irrigation strategies that make use of abundant groundwater resources during deficit periods. A balanced conjunctive use of surface and groundwater resources could thus serve as a sustainable solution for maintaining cocoa production in the face of climate change.
Obtaining and conductive properties of a vanadate-borate-phosphate glass
Authors: Eftimie Mihai , Filip Ana Violeta , Danescu Cristian Beniamim , Nitescu Andrei , Sava Bogdan Alexandru
Published: September 2023

Vanadate glasses exhibit semiconducting property at certain temperatures. This work demonstrates the conductivity of the composition 45V2O5–25B2O3–30P2O5, which is a new glass in the vanadium-boron-phosphorus ternary system that expands the glass forming area reported in literature data. The glass was obtained through a classical melt-quenching technique. The structural composition of the obtained glass was revealed with Raman spectroscopy and the amorphous characteristic has been highlighted with X-ray diffraction. The characteristic temperatures and the thermal expansion coefficient were determined by dilatometry. Based on the experimental measurements of electrical resistance, mathematical calculations were performed, resulting in a conductivity of 2.04·10−6 S/cm at 125 °C, and an activation energy of 42.91 kJ/mol for this glass. Impedance spectroscopy in DC and AC at 100 V and 100 Hz to 2 MHz, respectively, showed a lower activation energy of about 0.166 eV and transition temperatures of 24 °C and 11 °C, respectively. These results were compared with those from the literature considering the temperatures at which the reported conductivities were measured. This glass has potential applications in electronic devices and temperature sensors.
Large-band-gap non-Dirac quantum spin Hall states and strong Rashba effect in functionalized thallene films
Authors: Liu Xiaojuan , Li Zhijian , Bao Hairui , Yang Zhongqin
Published: September 2023

The quantum spin Hall state materials have recently attracted much attention owing to their potential applications in the design of spintronic devices. Based on density functional theory calculations and crystal field theory, we study electronic structures and topological properties of functionalized thallene films. Two different hydrogenation styles (Tl2H and Tl2H2) are considered, which can drastically vary the electronic and topological behaviors of the thallene. Due to the C3v symmetry of the two systems, the px and py orbitals at the Γ point have the non-Dirac band degeneracy. With spin–orbit coupling (SOC), topological nontrivial band gaps can be generated, giving rise to non-Dirac quantum spin Hall states in the two thallium hydride films. The nontrivial band gap for the monolayer Tl2H is very large (855 meV) due to the large on-site SOC of Tl px and py orbitals. The band gap in Tl2H2 is, however, small due to the band inversion between the Tl px/y and pz orbitals. It is worth noting that both the Tl2H and Tl2H2 monolayers exhibit strong Rashba spin splitting effects, especially for the monolayer Tl2H2 (αR = 2.52 eVÅ), rationalized well by the breaking of the structural inversion symmetry. The Rashba effect can be tuned sensitively by applying biaxial strain and external electric fields. Our findings provide an ideal platform for fabricating room-temperature spintronic and topological electronic devices.
Potential harms of emergency department thoracotomy in patients with persistent cardiac arrest following trauma: a nationwide observational study
Authors: Yamamoto Ryo , Suzuki Masaru , Sasaki Junichi
Published: September 2023

Emergency department thoracotomy (EDT) was incorporated into traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (t-OHCA) resuscitation. Although current guidelines recommend EDT with survival predictors, futility following EDT has been demonstrated and the potential risks have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to elucidate the benefits and harms of EDT for persistent cardiac arrest following injury until hospital arrival. This retrospective cohort study used a nationwide trauma registry (2019–2021) and included adult patients with t-OHCA both at the scene and on hospital arrival. Survival to discharge, hemostatic procedure frequency, and transfusion amount were compared between patients treated with and without EDT. Inverse probability weighting using a propensity score was conducted to adjust age, sex, comorbidities, mechanism of injury, prehospital resuscitative procedure, prehospital physician presence, presence of signs of life, degree of thoracic injury, transportation time, and institutional characteristics. Among 1289 patients, 374 underwent EDT. The longest transportation time for survivors was 8 and 23 min in patients with and without EDT, respectively. EDT was associated with lower survival to discharge (4/374 [1.1%] vs. 22/915 [2.4%]; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.43 [95% CI 0.22–0.84]; p = 0.011), although patients with EDT underwent more frequent hemostatic surgeries (46.0% vs. 5.0%; adjusted OR, 16.39 [95% CI 12.50–21.74]) and received a higher amount of transfusion. Subgroup analyses revealed no association between EDT and lower survival in patients with severe chest injuries (1.0% vs. 1.4%; adjusted OR, 0.72 [95% CI 0.28–1.84]). EDT was associated with lower survival till discharge in trauma patients with persistent cardiac arrests after adjusting for various patient backgrounds, including known indications for EDT. The idea that EDT is the last resort for t-OHCA should be reconsidered and EDT indications need to be deliberately determined.

Trial registration This study is retrospectively registered at University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN ID: UMIN000050840).
Impacts of obesity on global subclinical left cardiac function represented by CMR-derived myocardial strain, TyG index may be a predictor
Authors: Mei Jiajie , Li Yanhua , Dong Jianli , Bai Miaomiao , Jiang Yinong , Qu Xiaofeng , Yin Lili
Published: September 2023

Obesity is a recognized risk factor for heart failure. People with similar weights may have different metabolic health. Notably, insulin resistance is a hallmark of obesity and a feature of heart failure. We aimed to evaluate the effects of obesity and metabolic health status on subclinical left cardiac function. We also investigated whether insulin resistance (TyG index) plays a role in BMI-linked subclinical left cardiac dysfunction. The study involved 403 volunteers. Hierarchical multiple regression models were used to assess associations between obesity, metabolic health, and overall subclinical left cardiac function. Mediating analysis was used to explore the role of the TyG index in the association between BMI and left cardiac function. Finally, ROC analysis was performed to explore the predictive value of the TyG index in subclinical left cardiac dysfunction. The correlation analysis showed that metabolic unhealth increased the risk of subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction; obesity was associated with an increased risk of global left cardiac dysfunction regardless of metabolic health status. The TyG index mediated 25% of the associations between BMI and Left atrial (LA) functional parameters. ROC analysis exhibited that the TyG index can be used as a predictor of LA dysfunction (AUC = 0.63), and the optimal cut-off point for the TyG index is 9.33. Even a “non-obese metabolically unhealthy” is a detrimental state of early LV function; obesity remains a major risk factor for global subclinical left cardiac dysfunction. Using the TyG index could allow early identification of individuals at high risk of subclinical left cardiac dysfunction.

Registration number: ChiCTR2200057991; Date of registration: 2022-03-25. URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=162316.
Soil and foliar Si fertilization alters elemental stoichiometry and increases yield of sugarcane cultivars
Authors: Dutra Alexson Filgueiras , Leite Marcos Renan Lima , Melo Cíntia Carmen de Faria , Amaral Danilo Silva , da Silva José Lucas Farias , Prado Renato de Mello , Piccolo Marisa de Cássia , Miranda Rafael de Souza , da Silva Júnior Gabriel Barbosa , Sousa Thâmara Kelly dos Santos Apollo , Mendes Lucas William , Araújo Ademir Sergio Ferreira , Zuffo Alan Mario , de Alcântara Neto Francisco
Published: September 2023

Silicon (Si) fertilization is widely recognized to improve the development of crops, especially in tropical soils and cultivation under dryland management. Herein, our working hypothesis was that Si stoichiometry favors the efficient use of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in sugarcane plants. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out using a 3 × 3 factorial scheme consisting of three cultivars (RB92579, RB021754 and RB036066) and three forms of Si application (control without Si; sodium silicate spray at 40 mmol L−1 in soil during planting; sodium silicate spray at 40 mmol L−1 on leaves at 75 days after emergence). All Si fertilizations altered the elemental C and P stoichiometry and sugarcane yield, but silicon-induced responses varied depending on sugarcane cultivar and application method. The most prominent impacts were found in the leaf Si-sprayed RB92579 cultivar, with a significant increase of 7.0% (11 Mg ha−1) in stalk yield, 9.0% (12 Mg ha−1) in total recoverable sugar, and 20% (4 Mg ha−1) in sugar yield compared to the Si-without control. In conclusion, our findings clearly show that silicon soil and foliar fertilization alter C:N:P stoichiometry by enhancing the efficiency of carbon and phosphorus utilization, leading to improved sugarcane production and industrial quality.
Differential predictability for high-risk plaque characteristics between fractional flow reserve and instantaneous wave-free ratio
Authors: Lee Joo Myung , Shin Doosup , Lee Seung Hun , Choi Ki Hong , Kim Sung Mok , Chun Eun Ju , Lee Kwan Yong , Hwang Doyeon , Ahn Sung Gyun , Brown Adam J. , Mejía-Rentería Hernán , Lefieux Adrien , Molony David , Chang Kiyuk , Kakuta Tsunekazu , Escaned Javier , Samady Habib
Published: September 2023

To evaluate the differential associations of high-risk plaque characteristics (HRPC) with resting or hyperemic physiologic indexes (instantaneous wave-free ratio [iFR] or fractional flow reserve [FFR]), a total of 214 vessels from 127 patients with stable angina or acute coronary syndrome who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and invasive physiologic assessment were investigated. HPRC were classified into quantitative (minimal luminal area < 4 mm2 or plaque burden ≥ 70%) and qualitative features (low attenuation plaque, positive remodeling, napkin ring sign, or spotty calcification). Vessels with FFR ≤ 0.80 or iFR ≤ 0.89 had significantly higher proportions of HRPC than those with FFR > 0.80 or iFR > 0.89, respectively. FFR was independently associated with both quantitative and qualitative HRPC, but iFR was only associated with quantitative HRPC. Both FFR and iFR were significantly associated with the presence of ≥ 3 HRPC, and FFR demonstrated higher discrimination ability than iFR (AUC 0.703 vs. 0.648, P = 0.045), which was predominantly driven by greater discriminating ability of FFR for quantitative HRPC (AUC 0.832 vs. 0.744, P = 0.005). In conclusion, both FFR and iFR were significantly associated with CCTA-derived HRPC. Compared with iFR, however, FFR was independently associated with the presence of qualitative HRPC and showed a higher predictive ability for the presence of ≥ 3 HRPC.
Non invasive subsurface imaging to investigate the site evolution of Machu Picchu
Authors: Masini Nicola , Romano Gerardo , Sieczkowska Dominika , Capozzoli Luigi , Spizzichino Daniele , Gabellone Francesco , Bastante Jose , Scavone Manuela , Sileo Maria , Abate Nicodemo , Margottini Claudio , Lasaponara Rosa
Published: September 2023

The construction history of a site is partially preserved underground and can be revealed through archaeological investigations, including excavations, integrated with earth observation (EO) methods and technologies that make it possible to overcome some operational limits regarding the areal dimensions and the investigation depths along with the invasiveness of the excavations themselves. An integrated approach based on EO and archaeological records has been applied to improve the knowledge of Machu Picchu. The attention has been focused on the first construction phase of Machu Picchu, and for this reason the investigations were directed to the imaging and characterization of the subsoil of the Plaza principal, considered the core of the whole archaeological area. Archaeological records and multiscale remote sensing (including satellite, UAS, and geophysical surveys) enabled the identification and characterization of the first construction phase of the site, including the preparation phases before building Machu Picchu. The interpretative hypothesis on the constructive history of Machu Picchu started from the identification and use of the quarry, followed by the planification and set of the drainage systems and by the next steps based on diverse reshaping phases of what would be the central plaza.
The test–retest reliability and limits of agreement of the balance evaluation systems test (BESTest) in young people with intellectual disability
Authors: Bahiraei Saeid , Hosseini Elham , Lou Rahman Amiri Jomi
Published: September 2023

Clinical tests for the assessment of postural balance in people with intellectual disability have been the most commonly used single or multi-item tests, but some tests have been developed, such as the BESTest. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the test–retest reliability and limits of agreement of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) in young people with intellectual disabilities. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 65 young people (ages 16–25 years) with intellectual disability. The participants completed the BESTest (27 items) twice. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and standard error of measurement (SEM) were calculated to determine the test–retest reliability of the BESTest. The BESTest overall scores' test–retest reliability was rated as excellent (≥ 0.75). Stability limits/verticality and reactive are fair to good (≥ 0.40– < 0.75). Biomechanical constraints, transitions and anticipatory movements, sensory orientation, and gait stability were excellent (≥ 0.75). Current evidence shows that young people with intellectual disabilities have impaired postural balance. However, there appears to be a lack of assessment tools that reliably evaluate the postural balance of this population. The results from this investigation show that BESTest provides "excellent reliability" (≥ 0.75) to assess postural balance in young people with intellectual disability.
Device-scale atomistic modelling of phase-change memory materials
Authors: Zhou Yuxing , Zhang Wei , Ma En , Deringer Volker L.
Published: September 2023

Computer simulations can play a central role in the understanding of phase-change materials and the development of advanced memory technologies. However, direct quantum-mechanical simulations are limited to simplified models containing a few hundred or thousand atoms. Here we report a machine-learning-based potential model that is trained using quantum-mechanical data and can be used to simulate a range of germanium–antimony–tellurium compositions—typical phase-change materials—under realistic device conditions. The speed of our model enables atomistic simulations of multiple thermal cycles and delicate operations for neuro-inspired computing, specifically cumulative SET and iterative RESET. A device-scale (40 × 20 × 20 nm3) model containing over half a million atoms shows that our machine-learning approach can directly describe technologically relevant processes in memory devices based on phase-change materials.
Endothelial Notch1 signaling in white adipose tissue promotes cancer cachexia
Authors: Taylor Jacqueline , Uhl Leonie , Moll Iris , Hasan Sana Safatul , Wiedmann Lena , Morgenstern Jakob , Giaimo Benedetto Daniele , Friedrich Tobias , Alsina-Sanchis Elisenda , De Angelis Rigotti Francesca , Mülfarth Ronja , Kaltenbach Sarah , Schenk Darius , Nickel Felix , Fleming Thomas , Sprinzak David , Mogler Carolin , Korff Thomas , Billeter Adrian T. , Müller-Stich Beat P. , Berriel Diaz Mauricio , Borggrefe Tilman , Herzig Stephan , Rohm Maria , Rodriguez-Vita Juan , Fischer Andreas
Published: September 2023

Cachexia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with cancer and is characterized by weight loss due to adipose and muscle tissue wasting. Hallmarks of white adipose tissue (WAT) remodeling, which often precedes weight loss, are impaired lipid storage, inflammation and eventually fibrosis. Tissue wasting occurs in response to tumor-secreted factors. Considering that the continuous endothelium in WAT is the first line of contact with circulating factors, we postulated whether the endothelium itself may orchestrate tissue remodeling. Here, we show using human and mouse cancer models that during precachexia, tumors overactivate Notch1 signaling in distant WAT endothelium. Sustained endothelial Notch1 signaling induces a WAT wasting phenotype in male mice through excessive retinoic acid production. Pharmacological blockade of retinoic acid signaling was sufficient to inhibit WAT wasting in a mouse cancer cachexia model. This demonstrates that cancer manipulates the endothelium at distant sites to mediate WAT wasting by altering angiocrine signals.
The Chemistry of Textile Fibres
Authors: Mather Robert R , Wardman Roger H , Rana Sohel
Published: September 2023

Ever wondered why a particular type of fibre is used for a certain application? Readers of this book will gain an appreciation of the answer to this question and more through understanding the chemistry behind the properties of the fibres. Providing a comprehensive overview of the various types of textile fibres which are available today, ranging from natural fibres to high-performance fibres which are very technologically advanced, the book is a revised and updated new edition of a highly successful text.

Textiles are ubiquitous materials that many of us take for granted in our everyday lives. We rely on our clothes to protect us from the environment and use them to enhance our appearance. Textiles also find applications in transport, healthcare, construction and many other industries.

The 3rd Edition of The Chemistry of Textile Fibres updates a significant amount of the information provided in the previous editions, such as the synthesis from renewable resources of monomers for producing synthetic fibres, emerging applications of nanofibres, production of electrically conducting fibres incorporating graphene and carbon nanotubes, and nano-finishing of textiles. It also gives greater emphasis to those aspects of textile chemistry which combat adverse environmental impact, including the chemical decomposition of synthetic polymers and strategies to reduce the damaging impact of microfibers. It introduces the production of micro- and nanomaterials from cellulose as an alternative to relatively toxic and non-ecofriendly micro- and nanomaterials produced from other sources, together with the bio-functionalisation of textiles.

Students following A level courses or equivalent and first-year undergraduate students reading textile technology subjects at university will find this book a valuable source of information.
Xanthene, cyanine, oxazine and BODIPY: the four pillars of the fluorophore empire for super-resolution bioimaging
Authors: Samanta Soham , Lai Kaitao , Wu Feihu , Liu Yingchao , Cai Songtao , Yang Xusan , Qu Junle , Yang Zhigang
Published: September 2023

Four important fluorescent building blocks (xanthene, cyanine, oxazine and BODIPY) for super-resolution bioimaging are judiciously assessed.
Solvent-free strategies for developing latent fingermarks on paper: a review
Authors: Clarke Kristen T. , Cresswell Sarah L. , Gee William J.
Published: September 2023

Solvent free strategies for greener fingermark development.
Reprograming cancer cells by a BODIPY G-quadruplex stabiliser
Authors: Baser Aminesena , Basar Beyza , Dogan Hanim Beyza , Sener Gulnur , Ozsamur Nezahat Gokce , Celik Fatma Secer , Altves Safaa , Erbas-Cakmak Sundus
Published: September 2023

A BODIPY-based G-quadruplex-selective stabiliser is shown to silence regulator genes, reduce cell migration and invasion, and switch off the hypoxia-adaptive metabolism.
Valence-driven colorimetric detection of norovirus protease via peptide-AuNP interactions
Authors: Ling Chuxuan , Jin Zhicheng , Yeung Justin , da Silva Elany Barbosa , Chang Yu-Ci , He Tengyu , Yim Wonjun , O’Donoghue Anthony J. , Jokerst Jesse V.
Published: September 2023

A SV3CP-responsive peptide has various performance towards the aggregation of AuNPs with different charge valence.
Layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes on hydrophobic particles in aqueous milieu for efficient dye removal
Authors: Wang Bo , Fu Tengyue , Cheng Chongling , Wang Dayang
Published: September 2023

Layer-by-layer assembly of strong polyelectrolytes on hydrophobic particles is effectively implemented in degassed saline water as a result of delicate regulation of intermolecular interactions.
Release of molecules from nanocarriers
Authors: Zhdanov Vladimir P.
Published: September 2023

The analysis presented is focused on the kinetically limited release of drugs or vaccine molecules from heterogeneous nano-sized carriers.
One-pot self-assembled bimetallic sulfide particle cluster-supported three-dimensional graphene aerogel as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Jianzhi , Luo Yu , Wang Jiwei , Yu Hongliang , Guo Ziyi , Yang Jie , Xue Yanan , Cai Ning , Li Hui , Yu Faquan
Published: September 2023

The preparation of an electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with high catalytic activity, good long-term durability and rapid reaction kinetics through interface engineering is of great significance.
A systematic mid-infrared spectroscopic study of thermally processed SO2 ices
Authors: Mifsud Duncan V. , Herczku Péter , Rahul K. K. , Ramachandran Ragav , Sundararajan Pavithraa , Kovács Sándor T. S. , Sulik Béla , Juhász Zoltán , Rácz Richárd , Biri Sándor , Kaňuchová Zuzana , McCullough Robert W. , Sivaraman Bhalamurugan , Ioppolo Sergio , Mason Nigel J.
Published: September 2023

We have performed a systematic study of the mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy of SO2 ices under thermal conditions relevant to astrochemistry.
Full-dimensional automated potential energy surface development and detailed dynamics for the CH2OO + NH3 reaction
Authors: Yin Cangtao , Czakó Gábor
Published: September 2023

An analytical PES is constructed by fitting 23447 ManyHF-based CCSD(T)-F12b/cc-pVTZ-F12 energies and QCT simulations are performed at collision energies ranging from 1 to 40 kcal mol−1 for the reaction of the Criegee intermediate CH2OO with NH3.
ANbO3 (A = Na, K) and (A′ = Ca, Sr) composite oxides for oxidative coupling of methane and oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane: perovskite vs. layered perovskite
Authors: Xu Junwei , Zhong Xusheng , Ouyang Rumeng , Fang Xiuzhong , Xu Xianglan , Wang Xiang
Published: September 2023

For OCM, the reactivity of regular perovskite is better than layered perovskite due to its high-temperature crystal phase. For ODHE, the C2H4 selectivity of layered perovskite is better than regular perovskite due to its weaker Nb–O bond strength.
Pure red-light emitting europium based complexes as efficient UV light converters: synthesis, crystal structure and photoluminescence properties
Authors: Ali Asgar , Ahmed Zubair , Rahisuddin  , Iftikhar K.
Published: September 2023

This paper reports three new crystallographically characterized Eu complexes, [Eu(fod)3(L)] (L = bzi, bath and py-im), and their photophysical properties in solution, solid state and PMMA thin films.
Recent advances in the nanoarchitectonics of metal–organic frameworks for light-activated tumor therapy
Authors: Duan Huijuan , Wang Fang , Xu Weizhe , Sheng Gang , Sun Zhaogang , Chu Hongqian
Published: September 2023

The application of nMOFs to antitumor therapy, including drug delivery strategies, photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and combination therapy, is presented.
Enhanced removal of oxytetracycline from aquatic solution using MnOx@Fe3O4 bimetallic nanoparticle coated powdered activated carbon: synergism of adsorption and chemical autocatalytic oxidation processes
Authors: Zhou Jiahui , Wang Shu
Published: September 2023

The existence of MnOx@Fe3O4 bimetallic nanoparticles improved the adsorption capacities by increasing the adsorption sites of PAC and the self-catalytic reaction extended the service life of MnOx@Fe3O4-PAC without additional use of oxidants.
Designing sustainable weaning foods for developing countries: not only a matter of nutrients
Authors: Moriconi Luigi , Vittadini Elena , Linnemann Anita R. , Fogliano Vincenzo , Ngadze Ruth T.
Published: September 2023

Blended complementary foods from cereals and high-protein sources are used to cope with infants’ malnutrition. Our results demonstrate that a combination of strategies and technologies is needed to balance nutritional and physical quality.
Visible light-induced organophotoredox-catalyzed difunctionalization of alkenes and alkynes
Authors: Gupta Subham , Kundu Abhishek , Ghosh Sumit , Chakraborty Amrita , Hajra Alakananda
Published: September 2023

This review comprehensively summarizes visible light-induced difunctionalization strategies for alkene and alkyne systems in metal-free conditions with literature coverage up to July 2023.
Millifluidic valves and pumps made of tape and plastic
Authors: Amador-Hernandez Josue U. , Guevara-Pantoja Pablo E. , Cedillo-Alcantar Diana F. , Caballero-Robledo Gabriel A. , Garcia-Cordero Jose L.
Published: September 2023

We report millimeter-scale valves and pumps made of plastic and bonded with double-sided tape. Our manufacturing approach opens a path to mass-manufacture these fluidic elements in integrated milli-and micro-fluidic devices.