bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of climate and land cover changes on the distribution of Actinodaphne areolata Blume, an endemic and endangered species in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Usmadi D. , Cahyaningsih R.
Published: March 2023

Actinodaphne areolata Blume is an endemic plant in Indonesia. The minimal distribution makes this species threatened and even listed as endangered species by IUCN. Therefore, analyses of climate change and land cover change were conducted to predict the future species distribution and to determine conservation action for this species. The plant occurrences from GBIF online database and Naturalis herbarium data were collected and validated. The environmental variables used in the model were topography, vegetation, soil, and climate. All environmental variables were selected with the multicollinearity test. Prediction of future land cover using cellular automata and the future species distribution for 2050 (2041-2060) and 2070 (2061-2080) under the Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios were simulated using maximum entropy (maxent). The resulting habitat suitability prediction model has an AUC value of more than 0.92, indicating an adequate model for predicting habitat suitability for A.areolate. Environmental variables that affect the presence of A. areolata are temperature seasonality (bio4) and land cover. Land cover and climate change were estimated to impact plant distribution in the future negatively. The suitable habitat for A. areolata will gradually decrease throughout the year, so it is necessary to designate priority areas for conserving this species.
Possibility of bare-root seedling application for tropical forest and landscape restoration: A study on Gmelina arborea and Calophyllum inophyllum
Authors: Rustam E. , Sudrajat D.J. , Nurhasybi N. , Widyani N. , Surono S.
Published: March 2023

Container and bare-root seedlings are the two basic stock types used in reforestation programs in many countries, but in the tropics, bare-root seedlings have never been widely applied. The objective of this research was to assess the possibility of bare-root seedlings for tropical forest and landscape restoration treated by fertilization in the nursery and aquasorb treatment using two forest tree species, i.e., Calophyllum inophyllum and Gmelina arborea. A randomized block design was used to assess the seedling performance in nursery and aquasorb application on bare-root seedlings and container (polybag) seedlings as a comparison. This research indicated that NPK fertilization in the nursery was able to increase the seedling growth of C. inophyllum and G. arborea. In the field test, polybag seedlings had better survival and growth than bare-root seedlings. The best survival and growth in both species were shown by the polybag seedling with fertilization and aquasorb treatment. The treatment also increased the bare-root seedling growth in both species. Bare-root seedlings of C. calophyllum resulted in higher seedling survival than bare-root seedlings of G. arborea. The application of bare-root seedling on C. inophyllum is more prospective to be applied in the tropics.
Diversity of spice plants in the MADAPI Forest, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Rejang Lebong Bengkulu
Authors: Anwar G. , Ardha T. , Susatya A. , Saprinurdin S. , Senoaji G.
Published: March 2023

A study of the potential of spice plants in the Kerinci Seblat National Park area particularly in the MADAPI Forest was conducted to find out the types of the plants as well as their number and abundance. The method used in this research was a survey using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The size of the observation plot was 20mx20m. The total number of observation plots was 80 plots. Based on the observations, it was found 13 types of spice plants from 10 families, mostly dominated by the Zingiberaceae. The abundance value of the plants was low (small). Most types of spice plants in the MADAPI Forest grew in a clumped distribution pattern. The most spice plant species were found in the Pinus merkusii area and the least was in the Aleurites moluccana area.
Marketing efficiency perspective of sustainable Andaliman agroforestry in Humbang Hasundutan Regency
Authors: Pane T.C. , Rumaijuk B.T. , Supriana T. , Khaliqi M.
Published: March 2023

Indonesia has so many herbal medicinal plants and spices that are endemic and location-specific since it has a very vast tropical rainforest area. One of them is Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC). This endemic species is very sensitive to climate and location changes so the farmers only have around 5 Andaliman trees planted in between any other kind of plants in their agroforestry land on average. There is an undeveloped and very promising future for the competitiveness improvement of Indonesia’s herbs and spices. This study was accomplished to investigate the marketing efficiency of Andaliman agroforestry in Humbang Hasundutan Regency to accommodate stakeholders in formulating policies to progress Andaliman's competitiveness. The results showed that all of Andaliman’s marketing channels in the research area were efficient. The most efficient was Channel II, followed by Channel III, and the last position was seated by Channel I. Marketing losses and labour costs were at the top of the list as the largest marketing costs, so they truly needed to be optimized at almost all channel levels and types of marketing channels to improve marketing efficiency. Therefore, referring to these results, we composed a suggestion to improve farmers' welfare by doing simple processing such as processing Andaliman into several dried and packaged products that are easier to use, long-last, and attractive, as well as combining more efficient production with distribution in shorter marketing channels. This will encourage farmers to maintain Andaliman agroforestry as a farming option that is more sustainable and natural.
Fluctation moisture properties in the application of soil dielectric measurement in the North Bengkulu District, Indonesia
Authors: Hermawan B. , Putri E.L.P. , Herman W. , Agustian I. , Hasanudin H.
Published: March 2023

Information about soil moisture in the root layer is very important in evaluating water availability for plants, erosion rates and various other hydrological characteristics. Previous research has found a technology for measuring soil dielectric properties as a soil moisture estimator that can be carried out quickly in the field. The purpose of this study was to apply dielectricity technology in estimating the characteristics of soil moisture in situ in the field at the North Bengkulu in Bengkulu Province. Five land units in North Bengkulu Regency, Indonesia, have been selected as experimental sites. At each location, the soil profile was excavated to a depth of 100 cm, the basic characteristics of the soil in each layer were described in the field and analyzed in detail in the laboratory. The variables measured in the field are the measurement of the dielectric properties of the soil, the effective depth of the soil, the horizon and the characteristics of each horizon. The variables analyzed in the laboratory were texture, organic matter in each layer, aggregate stability at 0-10 cm layer, field soil moisture at the time of measurement, and groundwater characteristics. The relationship between the data on the basic characteristics of the soil with the soil moisture balance variable in the laboratory analysis and measurements of dielectric properties in the field, was then determined using regression analysis. The results showed that the five locations studied had different profile characteristics and groundwater fluctuations. Of the four independent variables tested (percentage of sand, silt, clay and organic carbon) then the content of sand and clay can be used as predictors of the water content of field capacity. Because the four independent variables have a very weak correlation with permanent wilting point water, the available water content can only be predicted from the sand and clay content.
Mealybugs complex of citrus in Bengkulu Province
Authors: Zarkani Agustin , Febrianti Kamila , Djamilah Djamilah , Nadrawati Nadrawati , Fauzi Ariffatchur , Apriyanto Dwinardi
Published: March 2023

Mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) attacks many citrus plants over the world. This study reveals mealybug species attack on citrus grown at three different altitude levels: lowlands (<400 m above sea level (asl)), moderate lands (400-800 m asl), and highlands (>800 m asl) in Bengkulu Province. The results record nine species of mealybugs namely Dysmicoccus arachidis Williams, Dysmicoccus lepelleyi (Betrem), Ferrisia dasylirii (Cockerell), Ferrisia virgate (Cockerell), Paracoccus tripurae Williams, Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana), Pseudococcus cryptus Hempel, Planococcus dischidiae (Takahashi) and Rastrococcus chinensis Ferris. The species of R. chinensis is only found in the lowlands. Furthermore, P. comstocki is only found in the moderate lands and P. discidiae is only found in the highlands. D. arachidis, F. dasylirii, and R. chinensis are new insects pest on citrus. The key of those species is also included.
Sorting microplastics from other materials in water samples by ultra-high-definition imaging
Authors: Peiponen Kai-Erik , Kanyathare Boniphace , Hrovat Blaž , Papamatthaiakis Nikolaos , Hattuniemi Joni , Asamoah Benjamin , Haapala Antti , Koistinen Arto , Roussey Matthieu
Published: March 2023

In this study a commercial particle analyzer was used to image and help sorting microplastic particles (MPs) dispersed in filtrated and de-aerated tap water. The device provides a relatively easy and fast procedure for obtaining ultra-high-definition imaging, allowing the determination of shape, size, and number of 2D-projections of solid particles. The image analysis revealed clear differences among the studied different MPs originating from the grinding of five common grades of plastic sheets as they affect the image rendering differently, principally due to the light scattering either at the surface or in the volume of the microplastics. The high-quality imaging of the device also allows the discrimination of the microplastics from air bubbles with well-defined spherical shapes as well as to obtain an estimate of the size of MPs in a snapshot. We associate the differences among the shapes of the identified MPs in this study depending on the plastic type with known physical properties, such as brittleness, crystallinity, or softness. Furthermore, as a novel method we exploit a parameter based on the light intensity map from moving particles in cuvette flow to sort MPs from other particles, such as, wood fiber, human hair, and air bubbles. Using the light intensity map, which is related to the plastic-water refractive index ratio, the presence of microplastics in water can be revealed among other particles, but not their specific plastic type.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser der Klinischen Neurophysiologie,
Authors: Baum Petra , Metelmann Moritz
Published: March 2023

wir begrüßen Sie sehr herzlich zum Schwerpunktheft
„Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose“.

Bei der Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose (ALS) hat es in den letzten Jahren zahlreiche neue
Erkenntnisse gegeben. Die vereinfachten und für die klinische Praxis besser
geeigneten Gold Coast-Diagnosekriterien wurden eingeführt und die
Muskelsonographie hat Einzug in die Detektion von Faszikulationen gehalten. Daher
stellen wir in diesem Schwerpunktheft die Diagnostik der ALS in den Fokus.
Ophthalmologische Befunde durch Enzephalitozoon cuniculi
(Stamm III) bei einem Hund
Authors: Neuber Claudia , Koch Ulrike , Nell Barbara
Published: March 2023

Eine 2 Jahre alte Mischlingshündin wurde aufgrund chronischer Uveitis
vorgestellt. Die Hündin stammte aus Namibia. Es konnten sowohl ein
positiver Serum Antikörper-Titer als auch eine positive PCR aus dem
Kammerwasser auf Enzephalitozoon cuniculi nachgewiesen werden. Am linken
Auge zeigte sich eine immature anteriore fokale, kortikale Katarakt in der
Peripherie mit Verdacht einer Linsenkapselruptur und deutlichen Anzeichen einer
chronischen Uveitis. Am rechten Auge war eine inzipiente anteriore fokale,
kortikale Katarakt sichtbar. Trotz lokaler Therapie mit nicht-steroidalen
Antiphlogistika und Kortikoiden sowie einer systemischen Therapie mit Carprofen,
Prednisolon und Fenbendazol kam es zu wiederkehrenden Uveitiden. Das
Linsenmaterial wurde daraufhin durch Phakoemulsifikation entfernt. Die PCR des
Linsenmaterials war positiv auf Enzephalitozoon cuniculi Stamm III. Das
linke Auge ist durch eine erneute Uveitis mit sekundärem Glaukom 10
Monate nach der Phakoemulsifikation nicht mehr sehfähig. Beide Augen
sind zum Zeitpunkt der letzten Kontrolluntersuchung (31 Monate nach der
Phakoemulsifikation) reizlos und werden weiterhin entzündungshemmend
behandelt. Dieses ist der erste beschriebene Fall von einem durch
Enzephalitozoon cuniculi Stamm III hervorgerufenen Katarakt beim
Hund.
Technische Grundlagen der Neurographie/Evozierten Potentiale
– Teil IV Mittelungen/Averager
Authors: Dietrich Michael
Published: March 2023

In Teil I und II dieser Serie habe ich die Eigenschaften des Verstärkers, der
Ableitelektroden und Filter vorgestellt und daraus hergeleitet wie man sich diese
für optimale Messergebnisse zu nutzen machen kann und was man vermeiden
sollte 1
2.
All diese Maßnahmen dienen dazu das gewünschte Signal
möglichst ohne Störungen und Rauschen darzustellen und so
möglichst genau messen und für eine zuverlässige Diagnostik
nutzen zu können. Die Qualität einer Messkurve kann mit dem
Signal-Rausch-Verhältnis (engl. signal to noise ratio, SRV)
quantifiziert werden. Ist das zu erwartende Signal sehr klein (im µV
Bereich) und das Rauschen oder die Hintergrundaktivität trotz aller
technischen Optimierung im gleichen Bereich wie die Signalamplitude oder sogar
größer, ist das SRV 1 oder kleiner 1. Das macht eine sichere
Auswertung der Kurven unmöglich.
Vollstationäre Komplexbehandlung rheumatischer Krankheitsbilder
Authors: Adermann Jens , Holtschmit Jan Holger
Published: March 2023

Zur vollstationären Behandlung von Patienten mit rheumatologischen Erkrankungen, die eine hohe Krankheitsintensität haben, stehen verschiedene multimodale OPS-Codes zur Verfügung. Im Vordergrund steht der OPS 8-983 (multimodale rheumatologische Komplexbehandlung). Darüber hinaus werden in dem Artikel weitere Komplextherapiemöglichkeiten vorgestellt, die für Rheumapatienten geeignet sind.
Abschätzung der ambulanten Versorgungskapazitäten der internistischen Rheumatologie
Authors: Muth Theresia , Sollacher Anna , Froschauer Sonja , Bredow Laura
Published: March 2023

Der vorliegende Artikel versucht anhand öffentlich zugänglicher Daten sowie Daten des Projekts „Versorgungsatlas Rheumatologie“ (VA) des Berufsverbandes Deutscher Rheumatologen e. V. die (ambulanten) Versorgungskapazitäten der internistischen Rheumatologie zu beschreiben. Unterschiedliche Definitionen und Datenquellen erschweren jedoch eine präzise Darstellung der Versorgungssituation. Dennoch kann gezeigt werden, dass die Anzahl der internistisch tätigen Rheumatologen jährlich weiter steigt – insbesondere im ambulanten Bereich. Die Ambulantisierung in der Rheumatologie wird auch durch das Angebot der ambulanten spezialfachärztlichen Versorgung (ASV) vorangetrieben. Allerdings zeigen die Daten des VA, dass über ⅓ der Rheumatologen in den nächsten 2 bis 5 Jahren in Rente gehen möchte. Zudem arbeiten 12 % der Befragten in Teilzeit. Das verdeutlicht, dass die Versorgungskapazitäten über die reine Anzahl an Rheumatologen nicht adäquat dargestellt werden kann. Insgesamt ist daher anzunehmen, dass der Mangel an internistisch tätigen Rheumatologen ohne zielgerichtete Gegenmaßnahmen weiterhin eine der wesentlichen Herausforderungen in der Versorgung bleiben wird.
Der Einsatz von Patient-reported Outcome Measures (PROM) und die
Perspektive digitaler Biomarker bei der Amyotrophen
Lateralsklerose
Authors: Maier André , Münch Christoph , Meyer Thomas
Published: March 2023

Die systematische Erfassung des klinischen Zustands sowie der Erfahrung mit
Behandlung oder Versorgung durch einen strukturierten Bericht des Patienten wird
als „Patient-reported Outcome Measures“ (PROM) bezeichnet. Bei
der Amyotrophen Lateralsklerose (ALS) haben sich PROM insbesondere zur
Dokumentation funktioneller Defizite, z. B. mit der ALS-Funktionsskala,
und weiterer komplexer Symptome im Rahmen von klinischer Forschung etabliert. In
der Behandlungspraxis werden PROM dazu genutzt, den Verlauf und die Prognose der
Erkrankung einzuschätzen. Mit PROM werden neue biologische Biomarker
(z. B. Neurofilamente) und digitale Biomarker (z. B. durch den
Einsatz von Sensorik) auf ihre patientenzentrierte Relevanz evaluiert. Durch die
digitale Anwendung von PROM und die Verknüpfung mit digitalen Biomarkern
kann eine engmaschigere Erhebung von zu Hause aus erfolgen und damit die
Datenqualität erhöht werden. Patienten können selbst den
Gesundheitszustand monitorieren sowie Behandlungs- und Versorgungsergebnisse
dokumentieren. Damit nehmen sie zunehmend eine aktive Rolle in der individuellen
Behandlung und Versorgung ein.
Bedeutung der Muskelsonographie in der Detektion von Faszikulationen
bei der ALS
Authors: German Alexander , Türk Matthias , Schramm Axel , Regensburger Martin
Published: March 2023

Bei der amyotrophen Lateralsklerose sind Faszikulationen häufig bereits
in frühen Stadien in mehreren Körperregionen vorzufinden und
haben daher Eingang in die entsprechenden Leitlinien und Diagnosekriterien
gefunden. Während die invasive EMG-Diagnostik unverzichtbar zum Nachweis
von akut- und chronisch-neurogenen Veränderungen des elektrischen
Signalverhaltens motorischer Einheiten und zur Bestätigung von
Faszikulationspotenzialen bleibt, bietet die Muskelsonographie ein
hochsensitives Verfahren, um schnell und nicht-invasiv Faszikulationen in den
verschiedenen Muskel-Etagen zu erfassen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit
stellen wir die bisherigen Daten zum Einsatz der Muskelsonographie zur
Faszikulationsdetektion dar. Durch ihren Einsatz ermöglicht die
Muskelsonographie im klinischen Alltag eine zielgerichtete und hierdurch
aussagekräftigere EMG-Diagnostik. Aktuelle Forschungsstudien zielen
darauf ab, Faszikulationen sonomorphologisch genauer zu charakterisieren, zu
quantifizieren und als Verlaufsparameter zu untersuchen.
Endoscopic Evacuation of Putaminal Hemorrhage Using the Trans-Middle Temporal Gyrus Approach: Technical Notes and Case Presentations
Authors: Yamazaki Ken , Ogiwara Toshihiro , Kitamura Satoshi , Fujii Yu , Yamazaki Daisuke , Kuwabara Haruki , Funato Kohei , Hanaoka Yoshiki , Horiuchi Tetsuyoshi
Published: March 2023

Background The development of minimally invasive endoscopic neurosurgery has enabled widespread application of endoscopic surgery via the ipsilateral transfrontal approach for putaminal hematoma evacuation. However, this approach is unsuitable for putaminal hematomas that extend into the temporal lobe. We adopted the endoscopic trans-middle temporal gyrus approach, instead of the conventional surgical approach, for the management of these complicated cases and determined its safety and feasibility.

Methods Twenty patients with putaminal hemorrhage underwent surgical treatment at the Shinshu University Hospital between January 2016 and May 2021. Of these, two patients with left putaminal hemorrhage that extended into the temporal lobe underwent surgical treatment using the endoscopic trans-middle temporal gyrus approach. The procedure entailed the use of a thinner transparent sheath to reduce the technique's invasiveness, a navigation system to determine the location of the middle temporal gyrus and the sheath's trajectory, and an endoscope with a 4K camera for higher image quality and utility. The sylvian fissure was compressed superiorly using our novel “port retraction technique” (i.e., by tilting the transparent sheath superiorly) to avoid damage to the middle cerebral artery and Wernicke's area.

Results The endoscopic trans-middle temporal gyrus approach allowed sufficient hematoma evacuation and hemostasis under endoscopic observation without any surgical complexities or complications. The postoperative course was uneventful in both patients.

Conclusion The endoscopic trans-middle temporal gyrus approach for putaminal hematoma evacuation helps avoid damage to normal brain tissue, which could result from the wide range of motion of the conventional technique, particularly when the hemorrhage extends to the temporal lobe.
Postherpetic Trigeminal Neuralgia of the V2 Branch Treated with Electrodes Placed through the Foramen Ovale: A Case Report
Authors: Cheng Sitong , Zhang Yue , Ou Cehua , Li Fubo
Published: March 2023

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus that causes both primary and recurrent viral infections. Herpes zoster (HZ), also known as shingles, is a unique condition that is induced by VZV reactivation. Neuropathic pain, malaise, and sleep disruption are prodromal symptoms in such cases. Postherpetic trigeminal neuralgia is a neuropathic pain caused by VZV infection of the trigeminal ganglion or branches, which remains or reappears after herpes crusting. In this report, we present a case of post-herpetic trigeminal neuralgia of the V2 branch, exhibiting findings of unusual involvement of the trigeminal nerve. Notably, the patient was treated using electrodes placed through the foramen ovale.
Feasibility and Results of a Mobile Haemophilia Outpatient Care Pilot Project
Authors: Schleicher Christian , Heine Sabine , Graf Norbert , von Mackensen Sylvia , Eichler Hermann
Published: March 2023

Introduction Regular visits at haemophilia treatment centres (HTCs) in rural regions are often dependent on the access to a private car due to lack of or limited availability of public means. Therefore, a mobile haemophilia outpatient care (MHOC) concept providing home visits to haemophilia patients has been developed by the Saarland HTC, which is located in a rural German region.

Methods Haemophilia patients and their parents were home visited at least twice (baseline, follow-up) by trained medical staff. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected and interviews were performed asking the patients and parents about their needs and expectations towards such a MHOC.

Results Seventy-nine patients were enrolled (56 adults, 23 children), 62.0% severely affected, 48.1% on prophylaxis, with a mean age of 37.4 ± 16.4 years (17–78) and 9.8 ± 4.2 years (3–16), respectively. Median travel distance to the HTC was 43.5 km (3–200). Note that 92.4% considered an intense binding to the HTC and a MHOC concept as ‘rather/very important’ (88.6%). They expected from a MHOC to provide consulting and educating activities, support in elderhood issues and treatment. For 35.4%, a MHOC could currently provide additional support, mainly due to patient's immobility and need of consultancy. They mainly used services in terms of consultancy in social–legal affairs and support in contacting authorities.

Conclusion The results of this study support the hypothesis that a MHOC concept is a needful supplement in haemophilia comprehensive care and will improve the challenging haemophilia treatment, especially for those with limited access to HTCs or with disabilities.
Role of Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in the Management of Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases
Authors: Shah Rupen , Gangi Alexandra
Published: March 2023

Peritoneal metastases from colon cancer are a particularly challenging disease process given the limited response to systemic chemotherapy. In patients with isolated peritoneal metastases, cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy offers a potential treatment option to these patients with limited peritoneal metastases as long as a complete cytoreduction is achieved. Decision about a patient's candidacy for this treatment modality should be undertaken by a multidisciplinary group at expert centers.
Low serum uric acid levels and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Soares Nayron Medeiros , Pereira Gabriela Magalhães , Dutra Ana Carolina Leonardi , Artigas Nathalie Ribeiro , Krimberg Júlia Schneider , Monticelli Bruno Elkfury , Schumacher-Schuh Artur Francisco , Almeida Rosa Maria Martins de , Rieder Carlos Roberto de Mello
Published: March 2023

Background Levodopa is the most used and effective medication for motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD), its long-term use is associated with the appearance of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Uric acid (UA) is believed to play an important neuroprotective role in PD.

Objective To investigate if serum UA levels are related with the presence of LIDs in PD patients. Also, we investigated the associations among UA levels and clinical features of PD.

Methods We enrolled 81 PD patients (dyskinesia = 48; no dyskinesia = 33) in the present study. A blood sample was collected to evaluate serum UA levels, clinical evaluation included the following instruments: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr (HY), and the sub-item 4.1 of MDS-UPDRS IV (score ≥ 1). Additional relevant clinical information was obtained by a clinical questionnaire.

Results Serum UA levels were lower in the dyskinesia group when compared with the no dyskinesia group. The same result was found in the UA levels of both men and women. The multivariate analysis showed lower uric acid levels were significantly associated with having dyskinesia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.424; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.221–0.746; p = 0.005). Additional analysis verified that serum UA levels are inversely correlated with depressive symptoms, disease duration, MDS-UPDRS IV and time spent with dyskinesia. A positive correlation was found with age at onset of PD symptoms.

Conclusions The present study provides a possible role of serum UA levels in LID present in PD patients.
Graph neural networks solve Maxwell’s equations numerically
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: March 2023

Machine learning tools solve fundamental electromagnetism equations independently of the domain size.
Tuning of solid-to-solid structural transitions in amorphous carbon films by optical pumping and chemical modification
Authors: Thomann Carl Arne , Wittrock Adrian , Wittig Alexandra , Lopes Dias Nelson Filipe , Stangier Dominic , Tillmann Wolfgang , Debus Jörg
Published: March 2023

Amorphous carbon (a-C) attracts great attention in tribology research and thin film technologies due to its versatile properties. However, high temperatures and mechanical stresses may cause significant changes in the structural ordering of the a-C network. We present an optical method to initiate structural ordering and to probe solid-to-solid structural transitions of element modified a-C films. A pulsed pump laser introduces heat into the film in a controlled manner, while a second laser probes confocally the first- and second-order Raman scattering signatures of the a-C network. For low pump power, the number of defects and non-sixfold aromatic rings is reduced. A further increase in the laser power leads to sharply evolved changes in the Raman scattering features, indicating a transition from a-C to defected graphite and an effusion of hydrogen. Moreover, graphite-dominant defect relaxation and an enhancement in hexagonal lattice areas occur and, in turn, activate second-order Raman scattering lines. A rising laser power subsequently results in progressive graphitization. Chemical modification of the films with Si or Cu enhances their thermal stability and even shifts the upper thermal limit of the film ablation, while the a-C:W film demonstrates a more efficient enrichment of nanocrystalline graphitic clusters.
Influence of the temperature on growth by ammonia source molecular beam epitaxy of wurtzite phase ScAlN alloy on GaN
Authors: Elias Caroline , Nemoz Maud , Rotella Hélène , Georgi Frédéric , Vézian Stéphane , Hugues Maxime , Cordier Yvon
Published: March 2023

Due to its large piezoelectric and spontaneous polarization coefficients combined with the possibility of being grown lattice-matched with GaN, wide bandgap ScAlN is becoming a promising material in III-nitride semiconductor technology. In this work, and for the first time, ScAlN growth has been performed by molecular beam epitaxy with ammonia source as nitrogen precursor. High electron mobility transistor heterostructures with a 26 nm thick Sc0.15Al0.85N barrier have been grown on GaN-on-sapphire substrates. The effect of growth temperature, ranging between 620 and 800 °C, was carefully investigated. A smooth surface morphology with a mean roughness below 0.5 nm is obtained whatever the temperature while for 670 °C the (0002) and (101̄3) x-ray diffraction rocking curves show minimum full-width at half-maximum of 620 and 720 arc sec, respectively. Furthermore, two-dimensional electron gases with a high density of 3-3.5 × 1013/cm2 were evidenced in the heterostructures grown below 720 °C.
Multilocus and mitogenomic phylogenetic analyses reveal a new genus and species of freshwater mussel (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Guangxi, China
Authors: Dai Yu-Ting , Huang Xiao-Chen , Wu Chen-Hui-Zi , Chen Zhong-Guang , Guo Liang , Shu Feng-Yue , Ouyang Shan , Wu Xiao-Ping
Published: March 2023

Freshwater mussels are essential for the integrity of freshwater ecosystems but numbers of these organisms are declining rapidly at regional and global scales. The phylogenetic and biogeographic aspects of the rich unionoid fauna of the Indo-Burma region are becoming increasingly well understood. Guangxi is part of the Chinese portion of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot but regional studies of the freshwater mussel diversity are scarce. In this study, we report a new genus and species of freshwater mussel from Guangxi, China. Genetic datasets including three genes (COI, 16S rRNA and 28S rRNA) and complete maternal mitogenomes were compiled to infer the phylogenetic history of the group. Molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that the new species formed a monophyletic group and was closely related to Obovalis and Ptychorhynchus in the tribe Gonideini of the subfamily Gonideinae. Morphological and molecular evidence supported that these specimens represent an undescribed genus and species that we describe as Postolata guangxiensis gen. nov., sp. nov. The discovery of this new taxon adds to the known level of endemism of freshwater mussels in Guangxi and a detailed survey of uncharted areas should reveal new diversity in the future. We also suggest that complete mitogenomes or even genome-scale nuclear data should be used for phylogenetic reconstructions when proposing major taxonomic changes. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:76FC5A1D-7507-4F26-A12C-EC08AB333274
Idioms, proverbs and body part expressions onYiedie“wellbeing” in Akan
Authors: Agyekum Kofi
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates the interaction between language, culture, body and emotions. It is an aspect of cognitive semantics that discusses the Akan somatic nature of their body and therefore have existing lexical items, idioms and proverbs to comment on “wellbeing”. It is based on Conceptual Metaphor Theory byLakoff and Johnson (1980)and Ethnopragmatics byGoddard (2006). A great parts of Akan expressions for “wellbeing” are tapped from body parts through their physical, cognitive, and emotional representations. The nature of the derived semantic patterns and how the Akans consider these somatic expressions, idioms and proverbs as important aspects of their language and culture are discussed. This paper argues that “wellbeing” as an emotion is transitional like a pendulum; one can be enjoying aspects of “wellbeing” for a moment and be in “distress” and “depression” a moment later.1
Cognitive load and cognitive effort
Authors: Gieshoff Anne Catherine , Heeb Andrea Hunziker
Published: March 2023

The cognitive demands associated with performing a task involve at least two dimensions: (1) the load dimension
that is related to the assumed task difficulty and (2) the effort dimension that reflects the resources invested in a task. This
study considers whether this distinction is actually relevant to translators and interpreters when they report load and effort
and, if so, how the assumed psychological reality of these two dimensions is related to task performance. In this study,
professional translators and interpreters performed naturalistic tasks with comparable stimuli, working from English into German.
After each task, they were asked to rate their experienced load and effort as part of the NASA Task Load Index. Their performance
was measured by analysing process and product indicators that correspond in interpreting and translation. Results indicate that
while self-reported load and effort are highly correlated, their relationships to process or product measures appear to be more
complex.
The interface microstructure and phase constitution of Nb/316L composite plates fabricated by explosive welding
Authors: Liang Hanliang , Luo Ning , Chen Yanlong , Yao Yingkang , Wang Jinxiang , Jiang Li , Chen Xiang
Published: March 2023

Niobium has a reputation for its superior superconducting, high strength and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures. In this work, the explosive welding technique was successfully performed to join Nb/316L dissimilar metals. To reveal the phase constitution and texture distribution at the joining interface, the EBSD test was carried out. It was concluded that an irregular large wavy structure of fine crystal, sub-grains and twin structures was formed. In addition, the recrystallised structures, substructures, deformed structures and local internal stress at the joining interface were attributed to severe plastic deformation and rapid solidification of liquid metal. Furthermore, six different deformation textures and recrystallisation textures were confirmed at the joining interface due to severe plastic deformation and dynamic recrystallisation.
Effect of the relative phase between pre-existing 2/1 and 3/1 magnetic islands on the suppression of runaway electrons on J-TEXT
Authors: Xiong Jin-Yu , Jiang Zhong-He , Jiao Zi-Xiao , Li Zhen , Liang Yun-Feng , Chen Zhong-Yong , Ding Yong-Hua
Published: March 2023

In the experiments of actively triggering plasma disruption by massive gas injection, the externally applied resonant magnetic perturbation has been used to mitigate the hazard of runaway electron (RE). Motivated by the experiment of multimode coupling to suppress REs on J-TEXT, some typical simulation cases with non-ideal MHD with rotation-open discussion (NIMROD) code are carried out to explore the influential mechanism of different relative phases between m/n = 2/1 and m/n = 3/1 magnetic islands on the confinement of REs. Results show that the RE confinement is drastically affected by the relative phase between 2/1 and 3/1 magnetic islands. When the O point phase of 2/1 and 3/1 magnetic islands is toroidal 330°, REs can be effectively lost. The fitting curve of the remaining ratio of REs vs. the relative toroidal phase is predicted to approximate a sine-like function dependence. Further studies indicate that the phase difference between coexisting 2/1 and 3/1 islands can affect the radial transport of impurities. The loss of runaway electrons is closely related to the deposition effect of impurity. The impurity is easier to spread into the core region with smaller poloidal phase difference between the radial velocity of impurity and the impurity quantity of Ar.
Relaxation of Ne1+ 1s02s22p6
np produced by resonant excitation of an ultraintense ultrafast x-ray pulse
Authors: Yan Jie , Liu Yanpeng , Hou Yong , Gao Cheng , Wu Jianhua , Zeng Jiaolong , Yuan Jianmin
Published: March 2023

The creation and relaxation of double K-hole states 1s02s22p6
np (n ≥ 3) of Ne1+ in the interaction with ultraintense ultrafast x-ray pulses are theoretically investigated. The x-ray photon energies are selected so that x-rays first photoionize 1s22s22p6 of a neon atom to create a single K-hole state of 1s2s2p6 of Ne1+, which is further excited resonantly to double K-hole states of 1s02s22p6
np (n ≥ 3). A time-dependent rate equation is used to investigate the creation and relaxation processes of 1s02s22p6
np, where the primary microscopic atomic processes including photoexcitation, spontaneous radiation, photoionization and Auger decay are considered. The calculated Auger electron energy spectra are compared with recent experimental results, which shows good agreement. The relative intensity of Auger electrons is very sensitive to the photon energy and bandwidth of x-ray pulses, which could be used as a diagnostic tool for x-ray free electron laser and atom experiments.
Helicity-dependent photoconductance of the edge states in the topological insulator Bi2Te3
Authors: Zhou Yuchao , Yu Jinling , Chen Yonghai , Lai Yunfeng , Cheng Shuying
Published: March 2023

The helicity-dependent photoconductance of the edge states in three-dimensional topological insulator Bi2Te3 films is investigated. It is revealed that the helicity-dependent photoconductivity current on the left edge of the Bi2Te3 film shows an opposite sign with that on the right edge. In addition, the helicity-dependent photoconductivity current increases linearly with the applied longitudinal electric field, and it reverses the sign with the reversal of the electric field. As the thickness of the Bi2Te3 film increases, the helicity-dependent photoconductivity current also increases. Theoretical analysis suggests that the helicity-dependent photo-conductivity current may come from the intrinsic spin orbit coupling (SOC) or the SOC introduced by the chiral impurities or defects.
Resistive switching properties of SnO2 nanowires fabricated by chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Chen Ya-Qi , Tang Zheng-Hua , Jiang Chun-Zhi , Xu De-Gao
Published: March 2023

Resistive switching (RS) devices have great application prospects in the emerging memory field and neuromorphic field, but their stability and unclear RS mechanism limit their relevant applications. In this work, we construct a hydrogenated Au/SnO2 nanowire (NW)/Au device with two back-to-back Schottky diodes and investigate the RS characteristics in air and vacuum. We find that the I
on/I
off ratio increases from 20 to 104 when the read voltage decreases from 3.1 V to −1 V under the condition of electric field. Moreover, the rectification ratio can reach as high as 104 owing to oxygen ion migration modulated by the electric field. The nanodevice also shows non-volatile resistive memory characteristic. The RS mechanism is clarified based on the changes of the Schottky barrier width and height at the interface of Au/SnO2 NW/Au device. Our results provide a strategy for designing high-performance memristive devices based on SnO2 NWs.
Current sensor based on diamond nitrogen-vacancy color center
Authors: Shi Zi-Yang , Gao Wei , Wang Qi , Guo Hao , Tang Jun , Li Zhong-Hao , Wen Huan-Fei , Ma Zong-Min , Liu Jun
Published: March 2023

High precision current measurement is very important for the calibration of various high-precision equipment and the measurement of other precision detection fields. A new current sensor based on diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center magnetic measurement method is proposed to realize the accurate measurement of current. This new current method can greatly improve the accuracy of current measurement. Experiments show that the linearity of the current sensor based on diamond NV color center can reach up to 33 ppm, which is superior to other current sensors and solves the problem of low linearity. When the range of input current is 5–40 A, the absolute error of the calculated current is less than 51 μA, and the relative error is 2.42 × 10−6 at 40 A. Combined with the research content and results of the experiment, the application of the current sensor in the field of current precision measurement is prospected.
Optimal Strategy of Primary Frequency Regulation for Wind-Storage System Considering Adaptive Parameter Control
Authors: Liu Yang , Yang Zhihao , Zhang Zhenan , Sun Xin , Wei Wenrong , Miao Shihong
Published: March 2023

For the problem that the power system has different demands on the frequency response characteristics in different segments of dynamic frequency response, this paper proposes an optimal primary frequency regulation strategy for the wind-storage system considering adaptive parameter control. Firstly, the dynamic frequency response processes of the system under single, continuous disturbances are analyzed to obtain the frequency regulation demand of the system in different segments. Secondly, the frequency response model of the power system is established to obtain the transfer function of the system’s primary frequency regulation. Finally, the adaptive parameter adjustment strategy of the wind-storage system is proposed, and the optimal primary regulation strategy of the wind-storage system is established. The result of the case study indicates that the proposed optimal primary frequency regulation strategy can effectively improve the performance of the power system in the dynamic frequency response process, especially when a continuous disturbance occurs.
Nano-TiO2/MWCNT composite coating with high DC flashover strength and super hydrophobicity
Authors: Liu Xi-Ying , Yao Hai-Bin , Jiang Tao , Zhu Chen , Song Da-Wei , Liu Zong-Jie , Xu Guo-Qiang , Wang Cheng-Quan , Li Bin , Song Wei-Ting , Qi Xiao-Wu
Published: March 2023

Epoxy resin (EP) materials are frequently used in high voltage power equipment because of their excellent electricity, force, and heat properties. However, under the condition of DC high voltage, the surface of EP insulation material is more likely to accumulate charge, which distorts the nearby electric field and causes flashover along the surface. In this article, a nanocomposite coating was prepared by spraying through the nanoparticles (TiO2 with carbon nanotubes) dispersed in the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers solution. Micro-nano porous structures are introduced in the spraying process, which hinders the development of collision ionization and increases the flashover strength of the coating. At the same time, the change in surface morphology makes the hydrophobic properties of the coating improve and enhances the anti-icing and anti-fouling capacity. Spraying nano filler provides a general method for improving hydrophobicity and flashover strength.
Research on High-angle operation Capability of Converter Valve Based on Thyristor Control Unit Optimization
Authors: Wan Quan , Yuan Hongtao , Huang Yongrui , Wei Zhuo , Xiang Guanteng , Wu Shuang , Tian Zhong , Yang Wen , Yang Nan , Shao Zhuke
Published: March 2023

When the converter valve operates at a high angle, the voltage stress borne by the internal electrical components increases, the loss of the damping circuit increases, and the junction temperature of the thyristor increases. For the influence of the harmonic component of valve voltage on thyristor energy extraction at a high angle, the thyristor control unit energy extraction circuit was optimized. Aiming at several typical high-angle operation conditions of ± 800kV hybrid cascade converter valve, the high-angle operation capability of the converter valve was studied and tested. Firstly, the electrical stress of the converter valve under different operating conditions of high angle was analyzed. Secondly, based on the engineering parameters of the Baihetan-Jiangsu UHVDC project, the operating parameters of the converter valve at high angles were calculated, and the most severe stress of the converter valve at high angles was extracted. Finally, based on the principle of the converter valve synthetic test circuit, the high-angle test parameters of the converter valve were calculated, and the high-angle operation test was carried out. The theoretical analysis and test results show that the electrical stress of the converter valve under high-angle working conditions is slightly higher than the rated operating condition, and the converter valve can withstand this stress, which can meet the requirements of long-term operation at a high angle.
Simulation Research of three phase bridge PWM Inverter based on MATLAB
Authors: Zhang Yusheng , Sun Lijiang
Published: March 2023

The sole method available to humans for precise control of power energy is power electronic technology, which is also a key trend in developing the future power system and the entire energy structure. PWM control technology regulates the pulse signal’s width, and this circuit can alter the fundamental amplitude and form of the input voltage. This study will evaluate the three-phase inverter circuit’s operating principle, develop its control strategy, create a SIMULINK simulation model, and do a rough analysis using an LC filter.
Research and Analysis of Equivalent Circuit Model for Core Snubber
Authors: Li Zhiheng , Ma Shaoxiang , Wang Yongmao , Zhu Bangyou , Zhang Hongqi , Zhang Ming , Pan Yuan , Yu Kexun
Published: March 2023

The ion source is the key to the NBI. It is very sensitive to overvoltage and overcurrent, and the breakdown frequently occurs between the acceleration grid. The core snubber is the most suitable surge suppression device to achieve DC fault protection. This paper introduces some basic concepts, comparing the core snubber’s material properties and important parameters. It also introduces the basic concept of an equivalent circuit model for snubber, including the derivation process and theoretical analysis. Then the characteristics of the snubber and surge suppression analysis are introduced. Finally, this paper looks forward to the future research direction of the snubber.
Research on Improving Methods of Power Quality of Diesel Generators with Millisecond Pulse Load
Authors: Li Hai-Chao , Guo Yan-Shen , Huang Ke-Feng , Zhang Qian , Chen Mei-Yi , He Jiang-Jiang
Published: March 2023

Modern radar is a typical millisecond pulse load (MPL). Still, the independent power supply system of radar with a diesel generator (DG) as the main power source will have serious frequency fluctuation and voltage distortion problems. In practical applications, the main method to solve these problems is to increase the power supply capacity. This method will cause a serious waste of resources, and the mobility of the system will deteriorate. This paper takes the diesel generator with a millisecond pulse load system (DG_MPL) as the research object. It proposes a method to improve the power quality of DG_MPL by connecting the energy storage system (ESS) on the AC side. The system uses DG as the main power source and ESS as the auxiliary power source. The equivalent frequency regulation model is studied when the inverter control mode of ESS is selected PQ, Droop, and VSG, respectively. Finally, the system operating characteristics and power quality of several common improvement methods are compared and analyzed. The results prove that the proposed method can effectively improve the system frequency and voltage distortion problems.
Application of Multiscale Method in Nonlinear Vibration Problem of Multi-joint Manipulator
Authors: Chang HaiYang , Jiang ShanYing
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the nonlinear two-joint manipulator system is taken as the research object. Firstly, the dynamic equation of the system is established by using the Lagrange method. In the case of ignoring some high-order nonlinear terms in the equations, the multi-scale method in the nonlinear vibration approximate analytical method is used to solve the nonlinear multi-joint manipulator system model, and the approximate analytical solution of the system is obtained. The theoretical analysis results are verified by numerical calculation. The results show that the analytical solution is in good agreement with the numerical solution, which verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of the multi-scale method.