bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With the Quality of Staff-Resident Interactions in Assisted Living
Authors: Paudel Anju , Galik Elizabeth , Resnick Barbara , Doran Kelly , Boltz Marie , Zhu Shijun
Published: August 2021

Background:

Care interactions are verbal or nonverbal interactions between staff and residents during social or physical care activities. The quality of care interactions could be positive, negative, or neutral.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to examine the resident- and facility-level factors associated with the care interactions in assisted living (AL).

Methods:

Regression analysis was performed using a stepwise method utilizing baseline data of 379 residents from 59 AL facilities recruited in a randomized trial.

Results:

Accounting for 8.2% of variance, increased resident agitation was associated with negative or neutral quality interactions while for-profit ownership was associated with positive quality interactions.

Conclusions:

To promote positive care interactions, findings suggest the need to educate staff about strategies to minimize resident agitation (eg, calm posture and respectful listening) and work toward optimizing care interactions in nonprofit settings. Future research could further explore the influence of staff-level factors on care interactions.
Coil-Localized Laparoscopic-Assisted Resection of Symptomatic Gastrointestinal Vascular Malformations in Children and Young Adults
Authors: Worede Fikadu , Blinman Thane A. , Bhatti Tricia R. , Mamula Petar , Sahn Benjamin , Srinivasan Abhay , Cahill Anne Marie
Published: August 2021

Background:

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding from pediatric vascular malformation is uncommon and difficult to diagnose and manage. The preferred treatment is surgical resection; however, it can be challenging to precisely localize the lesion, particularly if it is not serosal.

Objectives:

To describe a technique of intentional preoperative coil localization of symptomatic pediatric GI vascular malformations by pediatric interventional radiology to facilitate fluoroscopically assisted laparoscopic resection.

Methods:

We searched the electronic privacy information center and picture archive and communication system in our center and found 3 cases. The electronic privacy information center and picture archive and communication system databases were the sources for retrieval of demographic, medical, radiological, and procedural information in all 3 cases.

Results:

After many nondiagnostic investigations in all 3 patients, a GI vascular malformation as a cause of GI bleeding was diagnosed with computed tomography angiography/magnetic resonance angiography and catheter angiography. A preoperative 0.018-inch Hilal coil was placed as close as possible to the vascular malformation during super selective angiography. Laparoscopic surgery was performed within 24 hours of coil placement. In all cases, histology confirmed the resected bowel lesions to be vascular malformations.

Conclusions:

Intentional endovascular coil localization has the potential to increase the precision of lesion localization and may reduce laparoscopic operative time, when guided by the coil position.
What’s Inside of a AA Battery? An Unusual Caustic Ingestion in an Infant
Authors: Luttrell Harrison M. , Bennett William E. , Bose Paroma
Published: August 2021

Current guidelines for the management of battery ingestions in children focus on button batteries due to the risk of morbidity and mortality. In our review of the literature, there is little information on the ingestion of cylindrical AA or AAA battery contents. We report a case of an 11-month-old female who ingested the internal alkaline contents of a AA battery. The ingestion resulted in oropharyngeal and esophageal caustic injuries visualized on upper endoscopy. Imaging has long been used for localizing ingested whole batteries. In our case, standard radiograph confirmed that internal battery contents were ingested. Advanced imaging modalities, including computed tomography, have been suggested as methods to investigate the degree of caustic injury and were utilized in this case. Our case is one of the few reported cases of the ingestion of alkaline battery contents alone.
Combatting ischemia reperfusion injury from resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta using adenosine, lidocaine and magnesium: A pilot study
Authors: Conner Jeff , Lammers Daniel , Holtestaul Torbjorg , Jones Ian , Kuckelman John , Letson Hayley , Dobson Geoffrey , Eckert Matthew , Bingham Jason
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), a minimally invasive alternative to resuscitative thoracotomy, has been associated with significant ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). Resuscitation strategies using adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium (ALM) have been shown to mitigate similar inflammatory responses in hemorrhagic and septic shock models. This study examined the effects of ALM on REBOA-associated IRI using a porcine model.

METHODS

Animals underwent a 20% controlled hemorrhage followed by 30 minutes of supraceliac balloon occlusion. They were assigned to one of four groups: control (n = 5), 4-hour ALM infusion starting at occlusion, 2-hour (n = 5) and 4-hour (n = 5) interventional ALM infusions starting at reperfusion. Adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium cohorts received a posthemorrhage ALM bolus followed by their respective ALM infusion. Primary outcomes for the study assessed physiologic and hemodynamic parameters.

RESULTS

Adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium infusion after reperfusion cohorts demonstrated a significant improvement in lactate, base deficit, and pH in the first hour following systemic reperfusion. At study endpoint, continuous ALM infusion initiated after reperfusion over 4 hours resulted in an overall improved lactate clearance when compared with the 2-hour and control cohorts. No differences in hemodynamic parameters were noted between ALM cohorts and controls.

CONCLUSION

Adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium may prove beneficial in mitigating the inflammatory response seen from REBOA-associated IRI as evidenced by physiologic improvements early during resuscitation. Despite this, further refinement should be sought to optimize treatment strategies.
Thrombelastography and transfusion patterns in severely injured pediatric trauma patients with blunt solid organ injuries
Authors: Stevens Jenny , Pickett Kaci , Moore Hunter , Reppucci Marina L. , Phillips Ryan , Moulton Steven , Bensard Denis
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Thrombelastography (TEG) has emerged as a useful tool to diagnose coagulopathy and guide blood product usage during trauma resuscitations. This study sought to evaluate the correlation between TEG-directed blood product administration in severely injured pediatric trauma patients with blunt solid organ injuries (BSOIs).

METHODS

Patients (≤18 years) with severe BSOIs who presented as highest-level trauma activations at two pediatric trauma centers were included. Thrombelastography results were evaluated to determine indications for blood product administration and rates of TEG-directed resuscitation. Tetrachoric correlations and regression modeling were used to correlate TEG-directed resuscitation with clinical outcomes.

RESULTS

Of 64 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 32.8% (21) had elevated R times and 23.4% (15) had shortened α angles. Maximum amplitude was shortened in 29.7% (19), and percent clot lysis 30 minutes after maximum amplitude that is >3% was seen in 17.0% (9). Thrombelastography-directed resuscitation of fresh frozen plasma was followed 54.7% of the time compared with 67.2% and 81.2% for platelets and cryoprecipitate, respectively. Thrombelastography-directed resuscitation with platelets (odds ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.33–0.93; p = 0.03) and/or cryoprecipitate (odds ratio, 0.09; 95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.42, p = 0.003) were associated with decreased hospital length of stay and mortality, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Severely injured pediatric trauma patients with BSOIs were often coagulopathic upon presentation to the emergency department. Thrombelastography-directed resuscitation with platelets and/or cryoprecipitate was followed for the majority of patients and was associated with improved outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Therapeutic/Care Management, level III.
Shared HIV envelope-specific B cell clonotypes induced by a pox-protein vaccine regimen
Authors: Cohen Kristen W. , Ballweber-Fleming Lamar , Duff Michael , Whaley Rachael E. , Seese Aaron , Imhoff Daniel , Moodie Zoe , Hyrien Ollivier , McElrath M. Juliana
Published: August 2021

An effective HIV-1 vaccine will likely induce potent, broad neutralizing antibodies. No candidate vaccines have elicited these responses presumably because they fail to activate human B cell precursors that can affinity mature to generate broad neutralizing antibodies. To identify the B cell clonotypes that are elicited, we conducted in-depth analyses of the envelope-specific B cell repertoire in recipients of ALVAC-HIV vector (vCP2438) and bivalent subtype C gp120 protein (HVTN100). We observed high frequencies of envelope-specific IgG+ memory B cells with restricted immunogenetic diversity, relative to non-vaccine induced memory B cells, with preferential expansions of distinct variable genes but limited accumulation of mutations. Many envelope-specific clonotypes were shared across vaccinees, but did not overlap with the envelope-negative memory repertoire, within and across subjects. Single-cell sequencing of envelope-specific IgG+ memory B cells often revealed VH1-2*02 and VK3-20 sequence co-expression and in one case, contained a 5 amino acid CDRL3, the canonical signature of VRC01-class antibodies, confirming that these B cells are extremely rare but detectable. Our study provides evidence that immunogens play a critical role in selecting and restricting the responding B cell repertoire and supports the rational design of HIV vaccines targeting specific B cell lineages for induction of broadly-reactive neutralizing antibodies.
Recent COVID-19 vaccination is associated with modest increases in the physiological demands to graded exercise
Authors: Batatinha Helena , Baker Forrest L. , Smith Kyle A. , Zúñiga Tiffany M. , Pedlar Charles R. , Burgess Shane C. , Katsanis Emmanuel , Simpson Richard J
Published: August 2021

Athletes are advised to receive the COVID-19 vaccination to protect them from SARS CoV-2 infection during major competitions. Despite this, many athletes are reluctant to get the COVID-19 vaccine due to concerns that symptoms of vaccinosis may impair athletic performance.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the physiological responses to graded exercise.

METHODS

Healthy participants completed a 20-minute bout of graded cycling exercise before and ~21 days after COVID-19 vaccination (2 dose Pfizer mRNA or 1 dose Johnson & Johnson).

RESULTS

Oxygen uptake, CO2 production, respiratory exchange ratio, ventilation, heart rate, serum noradrenaline, and rating of perceived exertion were significantly elevated in the post vaccine trial. However, vaccination did not affect serum lactate, adrenaline, cortisol, predicted , and ventilatory threshold. Post-vaccine effects on heart rate and noradrenaline remained significant in non-infected participants that received the Pfizer vaccine. No significant effects in respiratory gas exchange parameters were found after vaccination in those previously exposed to SARS-CoV-2, but exercise adrenaline levels were significantly lower and serum lactate levels trending (p= 0.10) lower after vaccination. No changes in any physiological responses to exercise were found in control participants who completed two bouts of exercise separated by ~5 weeks without vaccination.

CONCLUSION

Recent COVID-19 vaccination is associated with modest increases in the physiological demands to graded exercise in non-infected healthy people but may actually improve metabolic responses to exercise in those previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Whether or not these small effects could impact athletic performance at the elite level warrants investigation.
Poly[octacarbonylheptakis(tetrahydrofuran)diironmanganesedisodium(2 Mn—Fe)]
Authors: Harakas George N. , Whittlesey Bruce R.
Published: August 2021

The reaction of Na2Fe(CO)4 with an excess of MnCl2 in tetrahydrofuran (THF) produced {Fe2Mn(C4H8O)2Na2(C4H8O)5(CO)8]
n
or C36H56Fe2MnNa2O15. The compound is a xenophilic dianion with short iron–manganese bond lengths of 2.6274 (10) and 2.6294 (10) Å. The sodium cations of the dianion are coordinated to THF ligands and have isocarbonyl interactions forming a polymeric (two-dimensional) structure in the crystal. One of the THF molecules was modeled with the carbon atoms being statistically disordered.
Corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel in oilfield injection water in Eastern China
Authors: Peng Haoping , Luan Zhaolin , Liu Jun , Lei Yun , Chen Junxiu , Deng Song , Su Xuping
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to under the laboratory environment, the corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel in oilfield injection water in eastern China was studied by immersion test.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the corrosion product film was immersed in oilfield injection water and the effect on the corrosion behavior and the corrosion reaction mechanism were constantly observed during this period. The effect was displayed by potentiodynamic polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectrums (EIS) measurements. Second, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to observe and test the corrosion product film immersed in the oilfield water for 30 days.

Findings

The results indicate that the tendency of metal corrosion becomes weaker at an early stage, but strengthened later, which means the corrosion rate is accelerating. Besides, it is indicated by impedance spectroscopy that with the decreasing of the capacitance arc radius, the reaction resistance is reducing in this progress. Meanwhile, the character of Warburg impedance could be found in EIS, which means that the erosional components are more likely to penetrate the product film to reach the matrix. The corrosion product is mainly composed of the inner Fe3O4 layer and outer shell layer, which contains a large number of calcium carbonate granular deposits. It is this corrosion under fouling that produces severe localized corrosion, forming many etch pits on the metal substrate.

Originality/value

The experiment chose the X80 steel, the highest-grade pipeline steel used in China, to conduct the static immersion test in the injection water coming from an oilfield in eastern China. Accordingly, the corrosion mechanism and the effect of corrosion product film on the corrosion of pipeline steel were analyzed and discussed.
Unpacking knowledge management and organizational performance: a comparison between emerging and developing countries
Authors: Sahibzada Hassam Farooq , Jianfeng Cai , Sahibzada Umar Farooq , Khalid Roshi , Afshan Gul
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The study explores the impact of knowledge-oriented leadership (KOL) on knowledge management (KM) processes and the indirect relationship of KM processes with organizational performance (OP) via mediating the role of creative organizational learning (COL) in cross-cultural settings.

Design/methodology/approach

This research used a survey structure of 784 faculty and admin personnel from higher education institutions in China and Pakistan. Smart-PLS, 3.2.9 was used to perform analysis.

Findings

The result shows a significant positive influence of KOL on KM processes and KM processes on OP via the partial mediating effect of COL in China, Pakistan and the overall sample. The multi-group analysis confirmed the substantial differential effect of KOL on KM processes.

Practical implications

Outcomes of this research affirm KM's university practice and recommend how higher education academics and administrators prioritize KOL, KM processes and COL while strengthening OP in a culturally different environment.

Originality/value

The current research is among the initial experiments to determine KOL, KM processes, COL and organizational (University) performance relationships in a culturally different environment. The study is among the initials that just not empirically explore the associations between the factors but sheds light on existing literature by immediately exploring COL's mediating position in China and Pakistan's HEIs.
Analytical modelling of electromagnetic field and performance investigation of a rectangular linear electromagnetic stirrer
Authors: Das Sharmili , Dhabarde Rohit Siddharth , Raju V. R. K.
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop a novel rectangular linear induction motor as an electromagnetic stirrer (EMS) using analytical followed by a numerical approach. The rectangular linear electromagnetic stirrer (RLEMS) is mainly developed for rectangular slab and billet as the end product.

Design/methodology/approach

A two-dimensional analytical approach for evaluating flux density distribution within the mold is established for RLEMS structure. Subsequently, the average stirring force within the mold is estimated from those field variables. The paper presents an analytical and numerical model for calculating the stirring force and counters the end and edge effects of linear-type EMS. Magnetic field and force profile within the mold due to polyphase rectangular stator distribution has been done with the help of Maxwell’s equation with appropriate boundary conditions by using Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform. Subsequently, a numerical study has been carried out using a coupled thermal and electromagnetic model.

Findings

The present study investigates the physical phenomena during the solidification process because of an induced electromagnetic field and is able to extract all the electromagnetic field variables under different operating conditions, and, subsequently, provides an insight into the actual happening within the mold.

Originality/value

It provides the analytical method for solving the stirring force of the proposed new RLEMS structure by addressing the smooth and efficient variation of field and velocity profile near the corner of the mold and improves the quality of end product.
Effects of health-promoting leadership, employee health on employee engagement: employability as moderating variable
Authors: Liu Liping , Zhang Chunyu , Fang Chih-Cheng
Published: August 2021

Purpose

Employee health is a major challenge for enterprises. Fostering a healthy work environment and promoting employee engagement are key to addressing this challenge. Health-promoting leadership and employee health are the driving forces of corporate development; at the same time, employability is the core element of employee relations. Based on self-determination theory, this study aims to explore the effects of health-promoting leadership and employee health on employee engagement in light of employee employability.

Design/methodology/approach

The data of this study encompass 723 valid questionnaires from employees of MSME in China. This study focuses on health-promoting leadership and employee health, engagement relationship and the above relationship moderating by employability.

Findings

Health-promoting leadership plays a key role in the workplace, results show that health-promoting leadership has a positive impact on employee health and employee engagement, while employee health did not have a positive effect on employee engagement. Employability negatively moderated the relationship between employee health and employee engagement.

Research limitations/implications

This study is based on cross-sectional survey data collected at the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic rapidly and continuously changed the organizational responses to employee health. Future studies could utilize longitudinal methods or focus on measurement instruments of the culture of health, to create additional insights about health promoting.

Originality/value

This study adds important knowledge regarding health-promoting leadership and employee health in Chinese MSMEs, an area for which limited research exists. The findings provide insights and knowledge about health-promoting leadership how to affect employee health and to improve engagement outcomes. The findings also identify the moderating role of employability.
Centering deep hole drilling system with three oil films like centering rotating journal with oil films in bearing
Authors: Yu Daguo , Zhao Ming
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This study and its centering device with Archimedes spirals designed on hydrodynamic lubrication aims to reduce the deviation of deep holes because the drill tube is long and easy to deviate in deep hole machining.

Design/methodology/approach

The centering device with Archimedes spirals was designed and fixed between the drilling tool and the drill tube. The wall of the deep hole and the novel centering device formed three wedge-shaped oil films. When the workpiece rotated relative to the centering device, pressure was generated in the oil films; therefore, three oil films supported drilling system as oil films support rotating journal in the full-film hydrodynamic bearing.

Findings

When the Boring and Trepanning Association (BTA) drilling system was equipped with the centering device, the cutting oil flowed smoothly and carried all the iron chips; the motors run normally; no additional vibration or sound was detected during processing; the surface of the centering device was smooth; and the deviation of the drilled deep hole decreased with a high probability.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no one has designed and made the centering device with Archimedes spirals to reduce the deviation of deep holes in deep hole machining. Three oil films formed by the centering device with Archimedes spirals support drilling system and prevent it from deviating, which has never appeared before and is creative.
The I DO project: using experiential service learning to increase the impact of PIS
Authors: Husseinifard Sherwin , Corleissen Lennart , Meijs Lucas
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The I DO project connects business students to the European branch of small private international development organizations (PIs), using experiential service learning, which combines skill-based and hands-on volunteering opportunities, to achieve learning objectives with students (learning) while helping PIs (service). This paper aims to summarize the experiences and learnings of the pilot project.

Design/methodology/approach

Students work in four-person teams, guided by a student-coach, an academic supervisor and professional support, on a service project for one PI. Students provide indirect service to the PI through skill-based activities (e.g. creating marketing strategies or improving organizational efficiency) or hands-on volunteering (e.g. fundraising). In this program, students do not provide direct service to beneficiaries (i.e. they do not travel abroad). “I DO” will be established as a scalable regular course within the RSM Bachelor’s program. A pilot involving 22 students and 6 PIs was started in September 2020.

Findings

The teaching brief describes lessons learned from the non-credit bearing 2021 pilot. As skill-based volunteers, students performed hands-on support tasks, conducted analyses, and formulated strategic recommendations. In the pilot, however, the students did not take on the active role of skill-based volunteer consultants, concentrating instead on the safer, easier role of hands-on support volunteers. Future improvements could thus be realized in the preparation phase, as well as by focusing the guidance of the coaches and academic supervisor on the stated learning objectives. The project and the students’ motivation were negatively affected by the lockdown. In the future, including after the pandemic, measures will be added to maintain motivation, including a focus on the personal development of students, social events between students and stronger involvement on the part of the coach.

Originality/value

The teaching brief presents a new approach to service learning in international development as the service is giving to Western “headquarters” in both hands-on as skill-based volunteering.
Exploiting organisational vulnerabilities as dark knowledge: conceptual development from organisational fraud cases
Authors: Goode Sigi , Lacey David
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to assert that knowledge of organisational weaknesses, vulnerabilities and compromise points (here termed “dark knowledge”), is just as critical to organisational integrity and hence, must also be managed in a conventional knowledge management sense. However, such dark knowledge is typically difficult to identify and accordingly, few studies have attempted to conceptualise this view.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a background of fraud diamond theory, the authors examine this dark knowledge using a case study analysis of fraud at a large Asia-Pacific telecommunications provider. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the firm’s fraud unit.

Findings

The authors identify six components of dark knowledge, being artefactual knowledge, consequential knowledge, knowledge of opportunity, knowledge of experimentality, knowledge of identity and action and knowledge of alternativity.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to identify a knowledge type based on organisational compromises and vulnerabilities. The paper shows that accounts of organisational weakness can yet provide knowledge insights.
Training school teachers in Malawi about substance misuse and trauma: the need for a sustainable strategy
Authors: Evans Nicola , Lane Rhiannon , Stacey-Emile Gemma , Sefasi Anthony
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The World Health Organisation found depression to be the fourth leading cause of disability in Malawi (Bowie, 2006) with the prevalence of mental health need in children and young people in Malawi estimated between 10 and 30% (Kutcher et al., 2019). One option to address this was to provide schoolteachers with skills and knowledge related to mental health so they can better support children. There is generally a lack of evidence of the utility or feasibility of school-based mental health literacy programmes in low to medium income countries (LMIC). This paper aims to report on a project to train schoolteachers in Malawi on aspects of mental health.

Design/methodology/approach

The aim of this project was to determine the acceptability and feasibility of delivering a training initiative in Malawi to teachers to better enable them to recognise and cope with school children who had been exposed to trauma and substance misuse.

Findings

Feedback was generated through the use of a specifically designed pre and post measure, focus groups, interviews and observations of the teaching delivery.

Practical implications

Teachers found the training built on their existing knowledge and they requested further opportunities for training and consultation about how to manage difficult presentations. It was evident that teachers did not know how to access mental health care or support for children whose needs could not be met by schoolteachers alone.

Originality/value

For a sustainable improvement for children’s mental health care in this context, further training becomes valuable when located as part of a network of joined up health and educational services.
Anti-money laundering regimes: a comparison between Germany, Switzerland and the UK with a focus on the crypto business
Authors: Wronka Christoph
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the framework for the regulation of crypto assets in Germany, the UK and Switzerland focusing on anti-money laundering (AML) laws. It comprehensively addresses the risks of crypto assets and the benefits along with the changes made to the existing laws to regulate cryptocurrency.

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative data was analyzed to collect information for the case study and to challenge/examine the existing data and statistics.

Findings

The findings suggested that the AML laws are additionally modified to include the cryptocurrencies violations of the legislation, as it is the decentralized financial systems generating opportunities for crimes and terror financing. The moderate or mild laws were found in Switzerland following Germany and the UK has the most traditional and stringent laws of money laundering.

Originality/value

The paper has focused on the comparison of the three states in their AML laws comprehensively along with their attitude toward the crypto businesses.
Syd Barrett took a left turn and never came back, Andrew Voyce did. Why?
Authors: Hopkinson Patrick , Voyce Andrew , Carson Jerome
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to compare the stories of Syd Barrett musician, with Andrew Voyce, and their respective recovery journeys.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use collaborative autoethnography to share their own perspectives on Syd Barrett and to contrast his story with that of Andrew, a co-author.

Findings

Both Syd and Andrew experienced serious mental distress. While Syd had only limited contact with mental health services, Andrew’s contact was extensive, with a 20-year history of admissions and discharges. In the end, when the psychiatric services listened to Andrew’s concerns and acted on them, he was able to enter into the journey of recovery.

Research limitations/implications

The authors are restricted in the amount of available information on Syd Barrett, especially that related to mental health problems. The story of Andrew shows how recovery is possible even after years of serious mental illness.

Practical implications

Andrew’s story shows why professionals should never give up on people, with even the most seemingly severe and intractable problems. Could services have done more for Syd?

Social implications

Mental illness still attracts huge stigma. Today there is a much more open culture. Would Syd have come out about his own struggles with mental health had society been more open?

Originality/value

Bringing together two stories of mental distress enables the authors to explore the concept of recovery.
Publisher’s distribution channel selection of print books in a book supply chain with print and e-books
Authors: Zeng Yuwen , Hou Wenhua
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to exam the publisher’s online distribution strategies of print books between a reselling and a marketplace channel with the coexistence of e-book. This study extends the study of channel selection to the content products industry.

Design/methodology/approach

By constructing a publisher-leader Stackelberg game model, the authors investigate the publisher’s distribution strategies. The retailer holds a digital channel for e-book and reselling and marketplace channels for print books. The authors examine three-channel modes for the print book distribution: a pure reselling channel, a marketplace channel and a hybrid channel.

Findings

The results reveal that a hybrid channel always dominates a pure marketplace channel from the publisher’s perspective. Then, only when the print book’s margin cost and the marketplace’s slotting fee are not very high, the publisher prefers the hybrid to a pure reselling channel. The authors also found a Pareto zone where the hybrid channel mode improves publisher’s and retailer’s profits. Furthermore, the publisher is less likely to choose the hybrid channel as the acceptance of e-book increases. The authors also examine the situation where a publisher-authorized third-party distributor runs the marketplace channel and found the results still hold.

Originality/value

This paper fills a theoretical and practical gap for a structured analysis of the content providers’ online distribution channel selection of the physical products and digital products. Different from previous related studies, this study focuses on analyzing physical products’ channel strategies and finds physical products’ cost plays a crucial role in the content provider’s channel decision.
Sponsor ownership and IPO initial return: evidence from Pakistan stock exchange
Authors: Mehmood Waqas , Mohd-Rashid Rasidah , Ahmad Abd Halim , Amin Saqib
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper was to examine whether or not the sponsor lock-up ratio, lock-up period, regulation changes and interaction variable (oversubscription [OSR]) affected initial public offering (IPO) initial return.

Design/methodology/approach

A complete sample of 111 listed IPOs in Pakistan stock exchange from 1996 to 2018 was incorporated. Based on the cross-section data, this paper estimated using ordinary least square and quantile least square for robustness. In addition to that, this paper estimated the data using stepwise least square to inspect the signalling aspect of the lock-up ratio, lock-up period and regulation changes on IPO initial return.

Findings

This study showed that the lock-up ratio, lock-up period and regulatory changes had a positive impact on the IPO’s initial return. Furthermore, the assertion of interaction variable (regulation changes × OSR) and (lock-up period × OSR) was a negatively significant factor in influencing the IPO’s initial return. The results of this paper were robust to endogeneity bias.

Practical implications

The finding of this study proposed that sponsors of IPOs can be a strong signal of risk or quality, which was consistent with the signalling theory prediction. Concurrently, investors must be aware of the total proportions of lock-up ratio so that they can estimate the chances of getting the highest initial return on IPOs. From the regulators’ point of view, it is suggested that the lock-up ratio and the lock-up period should be determined with a deeper understanding and incorporated into the equity guidelines as it is evident that these factors are priced by the market.

Originality/value

Studies on the effect of sponsors have always been centred on well-recognized firms. Therefore, using the IPO samples listed in Pakistan, this paper contributes to the IPO literature by investigating the lock-up ratio of the sponsor, the lock-up period and the regulatory changes to the initial IPO return. Additionally, OSR has been introduced as an interaction variable among the sponsors’ lock-up period and regulations changes to explain the ongoing IPO initial return phenomenon.
Pedagogy for its own sake: teacher’s beliefs about activity-based learning in rural government schools of Kashmir
Authors: Dar Wahid Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the contextual problems and priorities that create tensions in the implementation of activity-based learning reforms such as learning enhancement through active pedagogy in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). By doing so, it aims to understand the relevance of activity-based learning (ABL) in diverse contexts as perceived by stakeholders.

Design/methodology/approach

Using qualitative data drawn from semi-structured interviews with 29 teachers, this study uses an anthropological approach to policy implementation to unleash factors creating a disjunction between policy text and policy practice.

Findings

Narratives from teachers reveal how critical awareness about context raises tensions and shapes beliefs about ABL. Their beliefs about ABL can be summed as “pedagogy for its own sake”, reflecting the perceived ineptness of ABL in bringing about considerable improvements in students learning outcomes. Reference to “outcomes” was invoked as a crucial recontextualising discourse in teacher’s pedagogic orientation which resulted primarily from the poor learning attainments of rural children in the prevalent outcome-focussed educational setup.

Research limitations/implications

The study is the first of its kind conducted in J&K and amongst very few around the world elucidating tension around the implementation of pedagogic reforms in underserved areas. This is the only study providing a critical analysis of pedagogic reforms in the school education system in J&K.

Practical implications

The study has significant implications in terms of helping immediate functionaries such as headmasters, teacher trainers and administrators and policy planners in understanding the dilemmas faced by teachers in enacting pedagogic reforms. It also adds to the field of policy implementation in terms of understanding the tensions of policy implementation at peripheries.

Originality/value

The study is the first of its kind conducted in J&K and amongst very few around the world elucidating tension around the implementation of pedagogic reforms in underserved areas. This is the only study providing a critical analysis of the school education system in J&K.
Growth through repositioning – the case of IHCL
Authors: Menon Shobha
Published: August 2021

Theoretical basis

This case highlights repositioning strategies that change a product’s position in the minds of the consumer in response to changes in market conditions. These changes should be balanced with a certain amount of brand authenticity and continuity. Brand identity is the vision, core values and key beliefs of the brand. There are four main branding strategies as follows: house of brands, endorsed brands, sub-brands and branded house. These options can be placed in a continuum and the position on the branding relationship spectrum reflects the degree to which brands are separated in strategy execution and in the customer’s minds.

Research methodology

This case is based on secondary data, mainly from interviews of industry leaders in business journals, newspapers, research articles and industry reports, including from international organizations.

Case overview/synopsis

The case examines the frequent revisions in branding strategies by India’s second largest group of hotels – Indian Hotels Company Limited. Repositioning involves changing the market’s perceptions of an offering to compete more effectively in its target segments. However, a certain amount of continuity is also essential to the brand’s development over time. The case helps students to view the brand from two angles as follows: the angle of brand identity and the disruptive angle of new developments. They will examine the rationale for the frequent repositioning strategies using the brand relationship spectrum and whether these will affect the brand identity of the iconic brand Taj.

Complexity academic level

This case has been effectively used with MBA Marketing students in Product and Brand Management and Services Marketing classes to demonstrate how companies use repositioning strategies as a considered response to the market conditions. As competitive conditions and consumers evolve, changes in branding strategy will be necessitated. The students are expected to have basic knowledge of brand architecture and brand strategies. The case can be used to illustrate the brand relationship spectrum and the differences among branding strategies in brand architecture.

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Adapting Active Support Interactive Training to a special school context to upskill classroom staff and increase engagement in pupils
Authors: Evans Ceridwen , Toogood Sandy , Owen‐Leeds Stephanie , Dwyfor Leusa , Jorammanawar Shabreen , Issa Nour , Carl Hughes J.
Published: August 2021

Research indicates that engagement acts as an important precursor for learning, yet sustaining the engagement of pupils with special educational needs can be a challenge for classroom staff. An Active Support staff training package, Interactive Training, has been demonstrated as an effective way of increasing engagement in adults accessing learning disability services. In theory the logic of Active Support Interactive Training could extend to a school environment, with the aim of achieving similar outcomes. The current study evaluated a special school‐adapted version of Active Support Interactive Training with the aim of increasing engagement in pupils during group‐based learning. Findings showed an increase in engagement in pupils for all three settings (classrooms) immediately after intervention, which continued to either increase or stabilise at three‐month follow‐up. Further research could test the engagement behaviour of staff pre‐ and post‐ training intervention and explore practice leadership within the school leadership team to address maintenance.
Women, Civility and the Language of Politics: Realities and Representations
Authors: Cameron Deborah
Published: August 2021

This article draws on research which analyses both the actual speech of women in political and public settings and the way their speech is represented in media reports and other commentary. It argues that there is a disconnect between reality and representation, and that the effect is to place a particular burden on women. Women are judged in relation to the belief that they will civilise public discourse thanks to their ‘naturally’ less adversarial speech style, and when they deviate from this stereotype they are liable to attract punitive responses. The idea(l) of civility is thus a double‐edged sword: while it may be invoked to deplore the abuse to which women in public life are subjected, it can also be deployed to police or discredit women's own public speech. A feminist politics of civility must pay attention to both these manifestations of sexism.
Risk of pre‐eclampsia after gastric bypass: a matched cohort study
Authors: Johansson K , Wikström A‐K , Söderling J , Näslund I , Ottosson J , Neovius M , Stephansson O
Published: August 2021

Objective

To investigate whether gastric bypass before pregnancy is associated with reduced risk of pre‐eclampsia.

Design

Nationwide matched cohort study.

Setting

Swedish national health care.

Population

A total of 843 667 singleton pregnancies without pre‐pregnancy hypertension were identified in the Swedish Medical Birth Register between 2007 and 2014, of which 2930 had a history of gastric bypass and a pre‐surgery weight available from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry. Two matched control groups (pre‐surgery and early‐pregnancy body mass index [BMI]) were propensity score matched separately for nulliparous and parous births, to post‐gastric bypass pregnancies (npre‐surgery‐BMI = 2634:2634/nearly‐pregnancy‐BMI = 2766:2766) on pre‐surgery/early‐pregnancy BMI, diabetes status (pre‐surgery/pre‐conception), maternal age, early‐pregnancy smoking status, educational level, height, country of birth, delivery year and history of pre‐eclampsia.

Main outcome measures

Pre‐eclampsia categorised into any, preterm onset (<37+0 weeks) and term onset (≥37+0 weeks).

Results

In post‐gastric bypass pregnancies, mean pre‐surgery BMI was 42.9 kg/m2 and mean BMI loss between surgery and early pregnancy was 14.0 kg/m2 (39 kg). Post‐gastric bypass pregnancies had lower risk of pre‐eclampsia compared with pre‐surgery BMI‐matched controls (1.7 versus 9.7 per 100 pregnancies; hazard ratio [HR] 0.21, 95% CI 0.15–0.28) and early‐pregnancy BMI‐matched controls (1.9 versus 5.0 per 100 pregnancies; HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.33–0.60). Although relative risks for pre‐eclampsia for post‐gastric bypass pregnancies versus pre‐surgery matched controls was similar, absolute risk differences (RD) were significantly greater for nulliparous women (RD −13.6 per 100 pregnancies, 95% CI −16.1 to −11.2) versus parous women (RD −4.4 per 100 pregnancies, 95% CI −5.7 to −3.1).

Conclusion

We found that gastric bypass was associated with lower risk of pre‐eclampsia, with the largest absolute risk reduction among nulliparous women.

Tweetable abstract

In this large study including two comparison groups matched for pre‐surgery or early‐pregnancy BMI, gastric bypass was associated with lower risk of pre‐eclampsia.
Factors associated with accurate reporting of public and private health insurance type
Authors: Call Kathleen Thiede , Fertig Angela R. , Pascale Joanne
Published: August 2021

Objective

To examine factors associated with accurate reporting of private and public health insurance coverage.

Data sources

Minnesota health plan enrollment records provided the sample for the Comparing Health Insurance Measurement Error (CHIME) study, a survey conducted in 2015 that randomly assigned enrollees to treatments that included health insurance questions from the American Community Survey (ACS) or the redesigned Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS).

Study design

Reverse record check study that compared CHIME study survey responses to enrollment records of coverage type (direct purchase on and off the Marketplace, Medicaid, or MinnesotaCare), service use, subsidy receipt, and duration of coverage from a major insurer.

Data collection methods

Using matched enrollment and CHIME survey data and logistic regression, we examined correlates of accurate insurance type reporting, including characteristics of the insurance coverage, the covered individual, respondent, and family.

Principal findings

Reporting accuracy across treatment and coverage type is high (77%–84%). As with past research, accurate reporting of public insurance is higher for people with characteristics consistent with eligibility for public insurance for both survey treatments. For the ACS treatment, reports of direct purchase insurance are more accurate for enrollees who receive a premium subsidy.

Conclusions

Given the complexity of health insurance measurement and frequently changing policy environment, differences in reporting accuracy across treatments or coverage types are not surprising. Several results have important implications for data editing and modeling routines. First, adding premium and subsidy questions in federal surveys should prove useful given the finding that subsidy receipt is associated with reporting accuracy. Second, across both survey treatments, people whose opportunity structures (race, ethnicity, and income) match public program eligibility are accurate reporters of this coverage. This evidence supports using these commonly collected demographic variables in simulation, imputation, and editing routines.
Ascorbic Acid to Prevent Postpolypectomy Bleeding in the Colon: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Vahdat Shariatpanahi Zahra , Shahbazi Shaahin , Shahbazi Erfan
Published: August 2021

Introduction

It has been reported that vitamin C replacement can quickly reverse nonspecific bleeding in surgical patients with normal coagulation parameters. We evaluated the effect of intravenous ascorbic acid administration for prevention of postpolypectomy bleeding in large polyps of the colon.

Materials and Methods

Patients with large polyps with heads larger than 10 mm, stalk diameter larger than 5 mm, and a length larger than 10 mm were included in this randomized controlled clinical trial. In the study group, the first 500 mg intravenous dose of vitamin C diluted in normal saline was administered 2 h before colonoscopic resection of polyps and the second and third similar doses were administered on days 2 and 3 of polypectomy, respectively. The control group received normal saline in a similar fashion. The resection of polyps was performed in snare and cut‐blend mode. Early and late postoperative bleeding were compared between the two groups.

Results

A total of 153 polyps were resected by endoscopic polypectomy. Early bleeding was observed in 7.2% of the patients, which was significantly lower in the vitamin C group (2.6% vs 11.8%, P = 0.03). Late bleeding was observed in 6.5% of the patients with a trend lower in the vitamin C group (2.6% vs 10.5%, P = 0.057). The proportion of postprocedural bleeding was significantly higher in the vitamin C group (5% vs 20%, P = 0.007). Hazard ratios of early and postprocedural bleeding were 78% and 76% lower in the vitamin C group compared to the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Intravenous ascorbic acid infusion could reduce postpolypectomy bleeding.