bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos epidemiológicos de la brucelosis en humanos en las Áreas Rectoras Aguas Zarcas y Los Chiles, Costa Rica, 2015-2017
Authors: Rosales Galeano Claudia , Puentes Mojica Claudia , Arias Rojas Oldemar , Romero Zúñiga Juan José
Published: February 2020

La brucelosis es una enfermedad zoonótica causada por especies del género Brucella spp., con baja notificación y subregistro en Costa Rica, especialmente en personas y en bovinos. Se determina la seroprevalencia para Brucella spp. lisas y factores de riesgo asociados, en personas que habitan o trabajan en fincas ganaderas positivas a brucelosis bovina de las Áreas Rectoras de Salud de Aguas Zarcas y Los Chiles, Alajuela, entre 2015 y 2017, mediante un estudio transversal analítico. Se toma una muestra sanguínea a las personas estudiadas y se les aplica una encuesta, previo consentimiento informado. Las muestras son analizadas, en paralelo, mediante las pruebas de Rosa de Bengala y sero aglutinación (SAT). Se realiza estadística descriptiva de los factores personales, culturales y ambientales, asociados con el riesgo a brucelosis. Además, se estima razones de posibilidades (Odds ratio) mediante regresión logística no condicional, para determinar factores asociados con su estado serológico. La seroprevalencia para Brucella spp. lisas es 12.5%. La elaboración de alimentos con productos lácteos no pasteurizados (OR=11.0; IC 95%: 3.0-39.9); la inseminación artificial sin protección adecuada (OR=8.84; IC 95%: 1.8-43.5); la atención de partos sin protección básica (OR=3.9; IC 95%: 1.1-14.1) y el consumo de helados caseros, fabricados con leche sin pasteurizar (OR=7.9; IC 95%: 2.7-22.6), representan los principales factores de riesgo. Otros factores muestran tendencia al riesgo, pero es posible que la baja muestra haya afectado la potencia estadística de las estimaciones. Se demuestra una importante exposición a Brucella spp. lisas en quienes laboran y viven en fincas de ganado bovino, con animales seroreactores a Brucella abortus, por la realización de prácticas culturales de riesgo. La diferencia cuantitativa, entre los casos notificados al sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica del Ministerio de Salud (Ministerio de Salud 2015; Ministerio de Salud 2016), con los resultados de este estudio, indican que se debe reforzar la inclusión de esta enfermedad como diagnóstico diferencial para casos de enfermedad febril aguda, e instaurar un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica eficaz y eficiente.
Factors Associated With HIV Testing in Teenage Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Mustanski Brian , Moskowitz David A. , Moran Kevin O. , Rendina H. Jonathon , Newcomb Michael E. , Macapagal Kathryn
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND:

Adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) have a high rate of HIV diagnoses. An estimated 14.5% of HIV infections in the United States are undiagnosed; but among 13- to 24-year-olds, the rate is 51.4%. We describe HIV testing rates and identifies salient individual, family, school, and health care influences among AMSM.

METHODS:

Data were collected as part of SMART, an ongoing pragmatic trial of an online HIV prevention intervention for AMSM (N = 699). Measures included lifetime HIV testing, demographics, sexual behaviors, condom use, HIV education from school and family, sexual health communication with doctors, HIV knowledge, and risk attitudes.

RESULTS:

Only 23.2% of participants had ever had an HIV test. Rates of testing increased with age (5.6% in 13- to 14-year-olds; 15.8% in 15- to 16-year-olds; 37.8% in 17- to 18-year-olds), and sexual experience was a strong predictor of testing (odds ratio: 6.54; 95% confidence interval: 3.95–11.49; P < .001). Most participants had a regular doctor (67.5%), but few had conversations about same-sex sexual behaviors (21.3%), HIV testing (19.2%), or sexual orientation (29.2%). Speaking to a doctor about HIV testing had a large effect (odds ratio: 25.29; confidence interval: 15.91–41.16; P < .001), with 75.4% who had such conversations having been tested, compared to only 10.8% of those who had not had such conversations.

CONCLUSIONS:

Despite higher risk, few participants reported ever having received an HIV test. Data indicate pediatricians are an important, but largely untapped, source of testing and could be integral to achieving testing rates needed to end the epidemic.
ASPEK BIOLOGI IKAN TEMBANG (Sardinella gibbosa BLEEKER, 1849) DI PERAIRAN PRIGI DAN SEKITARNYA
Authors: Tampubolon Prawira A. R. P. , Agustina Maya , Fahmi Zulkarnaen
Published: February 2020

Ikan tembang (Sardinella gibbosa Bleeker, 1849) adalah salah satu jenis ikan pelagis kecil, bernilai ekonomis penting serta banyak tertangkap di perairan Prigi dan sekitarnya. Informasi terkait ikan ini masih sangat terbatas di perairan Prigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap beberapa aspek biologi ikan tembang hasil tangkapan pukat cincin di perairan Prigi dan sekitarnya. Penelitian berlangsung selama lima bulan, dari Mei hingga September 2019. Ikan tembang yang dijadikan contoh merupakan hasil tangkapan pukat cincin yang didaratkan di PPN Prigi. Contoh ikan yang diukur panjang dan ditimbang bobotnya berjumlah 705 ekor. Tiga ratus diantaranya kemudian dibedah untuk diamati jenis kelamin dan tingkat kematangan gonadnya secara visual. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi power yang diuji menggunakan uji-t untuk hubungan panjang bobot, uji khi kuadrat untuk menentukan keseimbangan nisbah kelamin, dan fungsi logistik untuk menentukan ukuran pertama kali ikan matang gonad. Panjang cagak ikan yang dianalisis berkisar antara 91-183 mm dengan ikan terbanyak pada selang kelas 110-119 mm. Pola pertumbuhan ikan tembang adalah allometrik negatif dengan nisbah kelamin yang seimbang. Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad ikan tembang di perairan Prigi dan sekitarnya adalah 128 mm. Sebagian besar ikan tembang yang tertangkap pada alat tangkap pukat cincin adalah ikan tembang yang masih belum dewasa.Goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosaBleeker, 1849) is a kind of small pelagic fish, economically important and caught a lot in Prigi and adjacent waters. The information regarding this fish was still very limited in Prigi waters. This study aimed to reveal several aspects of the biology of goldstripe sardinella caught by purse seine in Prigi and adjacent waters. The research was held for five months, from May to September 2019. Fish samples were from purse seiners that landed the caught at PPN Prigi. There were 705 fish measured and weighed. Three hundred of them were dissected to be observed the sex and gonadal maturity visually. Data analysis was performed using power regression which was tested using t-test for the relationship of weight length, chi-square test to determine the balance of sex ratio, and logistic function to determine the first length of maturity. The length of the fish was ranged from 91-183 mmFL and mostly was at 110-119 mmFL length class. The growth pattern of the goldstripe sardinella was allometric negative with a balanced sex ratio. The first length of maturity for goldstripe sardinella in Prigi and adjacent waters was 128 mm. Most of the fish which were caught by purse seine were still immature.
RESEARCH OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAIN RAILWAY ON GRAIN TERMINAL
Authors: Stankevych G. , Katz A. , Shpak V. , Gaponiuk O.
Published: February 2020

An important component of the production and export of grain is the system of transportation of grain from its producers to grain reloading terminals. Among the means of transportation of grain the leading place is occupied by the railway, which is able to provide uninterrupted multi-tonnage transportation of grain from producers to the places of its accumulation and shipment to sea vessels. However, there are some problems in the internal and external operation of grain terminals, which has necessitated these studies. The purpose of the study was to investigate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the flow of grain from the railway to the grain terminal to improve its efficiency. The object of the study was the technological process of receiving grain from the railway at the grain terminal; The subject of the research was grain crops, as well as data on daily revenues of grain by railway transport at the grain reloading terminal of LLC «Ukrelivatorprom» for three calendar years — from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. The studies were conducted on the basis of the processing of the data of the invoice logs for each year of the research, which summed up the amount of daily transported grain (net). Further processing of the obtained was performed by the combined graphoanalytical method, for which on the basis of tables for each investigated year the corresponding histograms were constructed and the necessary indicators were determined. It was found that maize had the highest volumes of grain coming from the railways in 2012–2014, followed by wheat in 2012 and rapeseed in 2013–2014. Barley was the third, except for 2013, in which its volumes were the smallest among the main crops that came to LLC «Ukrelevatoprom» in the years studied. It is shown that the major share was occupied by cereals (67.1… 78.1%), followed by oilseeds (15.1…26.7%), and the smallest was occupied by legumes (2.77…6.8%). The duration of the annual grain intake periods, which amounted to 315, 331 and 333 days, respectively, was determined for 2012–2014. Annual, daily average and maximum grain yields were determined, as well as daily and annual irregularity coefficients of grain supply. The actual coefficients of the daily irregularity of the grain input from the railway in the period 2012-2014 were respectively Kdaily = 1.62; 1.86; 1.79, and monthly irregularities respectively K mont. = 1.31; 1,40; 1.35. According to the standards such coefficients have values Kdaily = 2.5 and Kmont. = 2.0, which allows to use them for design and verification calculations of grain terminal equipment in technological processes of grain acceptance from railway transport.
A New Osteopathic Medical School with Unique Curriculum in a Serene Town of USA
Authors: Mavyan Rouby , Kadavakollu Samuel
Published: February 2020

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine is a newly established osteopathic medical school in Clovis, California, USA. The school will begin its inaugural class on July 27, 2020. The two-pass integrated system makes this school unique in its curriculum as it includes Team-Based Learning, nutritional instruction and, HoloAnatomy. As the curriculum manager with no background in health or medicine, I learned a lot about the uniqueness of the curriculum in a few short months. I am excited to embark on this journey with the entire CHSU faculty and staff who exert passion and drive every single day in efforts to educate our future healthcare professionals.
High performance of Bi3+ and Cl− co-doped Li3V2(PO4)3 as cathode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhu DongZhi , Di YuLi , Chai ZongJian , Zhu XiaoDong , Chen Shanhua , Deng Lin
Published: February 2020

Bismuth (III) (Bi3+) and chloride (Cl−) ion co-doped Li3V1·97Bi0·03(PO4)3−x Cl x /carbon (C) compounds (x = 0·03, 0·05, 0·07, 0·09) were prepared by way of a simple sol–gel method. The X-ray diffraction patterns proved that a small amount of bismuth (III) and chloride ion doping does not change the crystal structure of lithium vanadium phosphate (Li3V2(PO4)3). Charge/discharge results showed that bismuth (III) and chloride ion co-doped samples exhibited higher initial capacities than lithium vanadium phosphate/carbon. Li3V1·97Bi0·03(PO4)2·95Cl0·05/carbon demonstrated the highest capacity of 188 mAh/g at 0·1 C. The cycling performance at 1 C showed that the capacity retention of Li3V1·97Bi0·03(PO4)2·95Cl0·05/carbon reaches 81·31% after 300 cycles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry testing indicated that Li3V1·97Bi0·03(PO4)2·95Cl0·05 has the smallest charge-transfer resistance and the largest lithium-ion (Li+) diffusion coefficient. The improvement can be assigned to the enhanced kinetics of lithium ions, reduction in polarization and decreased charge-transfer resistance of the electrode.
Millî Eğitim Bakanlığının Yurt Dışına Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü Dersi Öğretmeni Görevlendirme Politikasının Yıllara Göre Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞEN Ülker
Published: February 2020

Yurt
dışında yaşayan Türk vatandaşlarının çocuklarının ana dillerini yaşatmaları,
kültürlerinden kopmamaları için Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı her yıl öğretmen
görevlendirmesi yapmaktadır. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı ilk kez 1965'te Almanya'ya
17 öğretmen ile başlattığı bu politikasını günümüze kadar devam ettirmiştir.
Son yıllarda ortalama 400 öğretmen Bakanlıkça görevlendirilmektedir. Yurt
dışında görev yapacak öğretmenlerin aldıkları sorumluluğun önemi nispetinde
seçimlerinin de titizlikle yapılması gerekmektedir. Çalışma bu önemden yola
çıkılarak oluşturulmuştur. "Geçmişten günümüze Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı yurt
dışı teşkilatlarında görevlendirilecek öğretmenlerin seçiminde nasıl bir
politika izlemiştir, bu politika yıllara göre değişim göstermekte midir?"
Çalışmada bu sorulara yanıtlar aranacaktır. Çalışma betimsel nitelik
taşımaktadır. Çalışmanın verileri doküman incelemesi yoluyla elde edilmiştir.
Çalışma kapsamında ulaşılan verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz
kullanılmıştır. Çalışma alanı Millî Eğitim Bakanlığının yurt dışı
teşkilatlarında öğretmen görevlendirmesi yaptığı 2010-2018 yılları ile sınırlı
tutulmuştur. Çalışmada ön plana çıkan sonuçlar arasında seçilecek öğretmenlerin
branşlarında bir standardın olmadığı, her sene farklı branşlardan öğretmenlerin
görevlendirildiği görülmüştür.
Central Clearing and Systemic Liquidity Risk
Authors: King Thomas , Nesmith Travis D. , Paulson Anna , Prono Todd
Published: February 2020

By stepping between bilateral counterparties, a central counterparty (CCP) transforms credit exposure. CCPs generally improve financial stability. Nevertheless, large CCPs are by nature concentrated and interconnected with major global banks. Moreover, although they mitigate credit risk, CCPs create liquidity risks, because they rely on participants to provide cash. Such requirements increase with both market volatility and default; consequently, CCP liquidity needs are inherently procyclical. This procyclicality makes it more challenging to assess CCP resilience in the rare event that one or more large financial institutions default. Liquidity-focused macroprudential stress tests could help to assess and manage this systemic liquidity risk.
Time-varying Uncertainty of the Federal Reserve’s Output Gap Estimate
Authors: Berge Travis J.
Published: February 2020

What is the output gap and when do we know it? A factor stochastic volatility model estimates the common component to forecasts of the output gap produced by the staff of the Federal Reserve, its time-varying volatility, and time-varying, horizon-specific forecast uncertainty. The common factor to these forecasts is highly procyclical, and unexpected increases to the common factor are associated with persistent responses in other macroeconomic variables. However, output gap estimates are very uncertain, even well after the fact. Output gap uncertainty increases around business cycle turning points. Lastly, increased macroeconomic uncertainty, as measured by the output gap's time-varying volatility, produces pronounced negative responses to other macroeconomic variables.
Transformation of Criteria for the Efficiency of Economic Activities of Countries in the Context of the Modern Model of Globalization
Authors: Makarova Galina , Rudyakov Vasilii
Published: February 2020

Although macroeconomics as an independent economic science emerged only in the twen­tieth century, the first steps in developing the macroeconomic aspect of efficiency were taken several centuries earlier — beginning from the 16th — 17th centuries — at the pre-industrial stage of development of society. Due to the underdevelopment of the production sphere, the search for sources of growth in the efficiency of national economies at that time was mainly carried out from the most general economic positions — as an integral part of solving the main task of the economics of those eras — searching for ways and means of increasing the wealth of nations. At the same time, naturally, among the first were the climatic and foreign economic factors of increasing the efficiency of national economies. For example, factors related to identifying the advantages of various countries in a geographic location and the ability to solve their economic problems by using the most advantageous options for organizing and conducting foreign economic and trade relations. The transition of developed countries to new stages of development — industrial and postindustrial, as well as the selection by John M. Keynes of the new direction of economic research — macroeconomics, historically leads both to a deepening of the meaning of the very category of “macroeconomic efficiency” and to more detailed studies of factors affecting it.
Theoretical Aspects of Investment. The Number of Individuals Involved as a Criterion of Payback
Authors: Anokhov Igor
Published: February 2020

The aim of the article is to build an investment model that would allow drawing conclusions about economic viability of capital investment. The author considers investment process as a result of the capital continuous change of its different aggregate forms: material, energetic and informational ones. The object of the research is an investment entity which is understood as industrial enterprises and their branches in this case. The methodological background of the article is «The Universal Organization Science» by A.A. Bogdanov. The author of the article states that any act of investment is a goal-oriented process of weakening or termination of relations (both inside and outside the organization) with simultaneous formation of new ones. The aim of investment is extension of production chains with respective enhancement of division of labor and deriving profit from positive effect of scale which is accompanied by intensity enhancement of circulation of substance, energy and information.The author draws a conclusion that efficiency of investment should be evaluated according to the number of individuals whose behavior changes steadily as a result of capital investment. Difference of potentials between two economic entities in the phase of disorganization, on the one hand, and in the phase of mutual reinforcement, on the other hand, is considered as a reason for investment. Investment should provide convergence of economic activity cycles of external economic entities with activity cycles of the investment entity.
The Effect of Deduction and Induction Methods Used in Modelling Current Environmental Issues with System Dynamics Approach in Science Education
Authors: NUHOĞLU Hasret
Published: February 2020

The main goal of this research is to study the effect of modelling with system dynamics on learning. Specifically, this research studies if using inductive or deductive learning methods applied during modelling with system dynamics has any effect on problem solving skills of students. This research has three other goals: Firstly, the successful application of system dynamics approach in teaching environmental topics. Secondly, helping students to be aware of the environmental problems. Thirdly, helping students to build solution-oriented system dynamics models. An experimental design without control group with pretest/posttest is used in the research. The sample of the research consists of 40 students at 7th grade. Experiment continued an hour per week for the entire semester of 14 weeks. The students in the experiment group 1 developed their models using inductive method. The students in the experiment group 2 developed their models using deductive method. Problem solving skill inventory developed by Heppner and Petersen (1982) was used for data collection. The data collected was analyzed statistically. As part of the statistical analysis, the researcher evaluated the model records developed by students, interviews done with students and observational records of teachers. Statistically significant differences were observed in the problem-solving skills of students in both groups after the experimental study. The increase in the mean scores for problem solving skills of the experimental group 1 was higher than the increase in the mean scores of the students in the experimental group 2. System dynamics approach, which is effective in decision making process, also plays an important role in improving students’ problem-solving skills.
The Effect of Using Out-of-School Learning Environments in Science Teaching on Motivation for Learning Science
Authors: YILDIRIM Halil İbrahim
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of using out-of-school learning environments in science teaching on motivation for learning science. It is a quasi-experimental study and it has been designed as pre- and post-test experimental study. The study was carried out with seventh grade students enrolled in a secondary school in the city centre of a metropolis of Turkey in 2018 within a period of 20 weeks. There were 28 students in the control group and 28 students in the experiment group. Students’ motivation for science learning was evaluated using the Motivation Scale for Science Learning. The scale was used as pre-test before the study, post-test at the end of the study, and follow-up test 12 weeks after the study. In the research, the application step was carried out by the science teacher and the researcher. In the control group, science teaching process was performed in accordance with the present science curriculum. Out-of-school learning environments related to the objectives of the current science teaching were used for the experiment group during the science teaching. The students in the experiment group visited out-of-school learning environments like nature trips, botanic parks, science fairs, science museums, natural history museums, the observatory, anatomy exhibitions, and energy parks for the subjects that were taught to them. It was found in the study that using out-of-school learning environments in science teaching had a significant effect in developing students’ motivation for learning science. Based on this finding, formal education of science students can be supported with out-of-school learning environments.
Purifying DNA from Agarose with Homemade Glass Milk v1
Authors: Kamens Joanne
Published: February 2020

You don't need an expensive kit to purify DNA. I used to make my own (very very cheap) glass milk from this protocol. It's hard to find online these days so I'm adding it here and will share. You can read more about this on an Addgene blog https://blog.addgene.org/dna-purification-without-a-kit
3.7% Paraformaldehyde solution v1
Authors: of Medical Biotechnology Institute
Published: February 2020

Protocol for preparing a 3.7% Paraformaldehyde (PFA) solution. 3.7% PFA solution can be used to fix tissues.
Fiction in "authenticity" substantiation: how the Soviet choreographers substantiated folk character of their works
Authors:   The Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Narskiy I. V.
Published: February 2020

Over the decades, starting from the late 1930’s, soviet journalistic reportage about professional and mainly amateur folk dance groups from central European regions of the USSR and Siberia, Ukraine, Transcaucasia and other parts of the Soviet Union were full of reports about choreographers’ "ethnographic expeditions" down the country and their desire to "learn from the people" dance technique. Why did "field collection" of the choreographic material hold a prominent place and deserve special mention in the stories about amateur folk dance arts? Weren’t numerous stories about folk trips the invention? In the article subsequent steps are undertaken to answer these questions. Firstly, the place of amateur dance art performance in the official soviet culture and the specialists’ role of choreographic business in its development are outlined. Secondly, there is an explanation of reasons of author’s doubts in authenticity of soviet choreographers’ numerous stories about "going to the people". Thirdly, the art of dancing soviet experts’ motives, that frequently inspired them to the fictional stories about the collection of choreographic folklore are explained. Therefore, it makes an attempt to renew folk dance soviet specialists’ logic of notion about the subject of their passion, liking and professional activities. In the issue the author comes to the conclusion that ritualized stories about the analysis of folk sources by choreographer-directors were the significant argument in corroboration of "folk roots" of the soviet choreographic creative work. As the result, in the soviet discourse of folk dance the stories about choreographic "going to the people" paradoxically made instrumentalization of fiction in substantiation of "authenticity".
Libertarianism and Ayn Rand's philosophy of objectivism
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Korobko M. I.
Published: February 2020

The article gives an overview of the ideology of libertarianism. The purpose of the article is analyzing the main ideas of the libertarian movement and how they relate to the philosophy of Ayn Rand's objectivism. The essence of this ideological and political direction can not be imagined without the philosophical work of American writer Ayn Rand. The main idea of libertarians is to uphold market freedoms and to object to redistribution through taxation to implement the liberal theory of equality. This movement gets its modern meaning in the late 30's and early 40's of the twentieth century in the United States, when enough opponents of the New Deal policy of US President F. Roosevelt appeared. Ayn Rand was one of the first to support libertarians, but later she began to distance herself from them for a variety of reasons, both personal and philosophical. In Ukraine today, this movement has gained popularity due to the ideological direction of the political party "Servant of the People". Today, members of the libertarian political movement are engaged in promoting and spreading the ideas of "objectivism" among the masses in the United States. This movement, which took classical liberal theory as a basis, originated in the American tradition of individualism as a result of dissatisfaction with the transformation of the liberal idea in the practice of political liberalism toward socialism and developed into a sufficiently strong political flow. Ayn Rand's achievements do not lose their relevance in times of global crisis as a means of overcoming the state of despair. It inspires hope that man himself can achieve a happy life unlike most modern ethical theories that cannot refute a person's ultimate dependence as a small screw in the world mechanism. But the ideology of libertarianism, inspired by the American writer, though tempting uninformed people with their possible "independence" of society from the state machine, still remains a rather ambiguous political ideology.
Ukrainian risorial culture: linguistic and culture aspect
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nikolayeva N.S. , Maksymenko A.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2020

The Article is about the influence of social and cultural transformations of Ukrainian society to Ukrainian risorial culture and role of jokes in modern communicative space. It analyses anecdote as the cultural phenomenon and the most popular sample of Ukrainian risorial traditions in Linguistic and Culture Aspect. In such perspective the question is examined first. The article analyses precedent text, i.e. the text familiar to certain community and containing general-linguistic information that testifies the presence of precedent situations as a method of the text actualization. The precedent situation is based on common social and cultural or linguistic background knowledge of addressee and addresser. The authors represent Cultural concept reflecting in linguistic consciousness as a multidimensional, ramified network of knowledge and senses denoted by lexical units. Consept "godfather" in Ukrainian national-language picture and its transformation in Ukrainian anecdote, where it acquires new con- notation of judgement, emotionality, expressivity, stylistic nuances resulting in risorial, comic effect is examined. The Article contains modern Ukrainian anecdotes about godfathers to illustrate basic article theses. Performing a number of functions, including the function of combating evil, fear, the destruction of the usual way of life, the function of protection against psychological threats and the function of bringing people together, facilitating life and communication, laughter emerges as an important tool for maintaining the mental health of both individuals and society in as a whole. In the presence of a large number of folklore and literary samples of Ukrainian laughter culture in linguocultural studies, a complete system of concepts has not developed as an understanding of the world by a certain linguocultural community, which is fixed in the conceptual sphere of the people. In this perspective, the issue is considered for the first time.
¿LO CUÁLO? Una “nueva” partícula (re)funcionalizada en español actual
Authors: Pato Enrique
Published: February 2020

El presente trabajo se focaliza en el estudio del interrogativo ¿lo cuálo?, forma subestándar del español coloquial, presente asimismo en otras lenguas. En cuanto a su extensión geográfica, la revisión de los datos del Corpus del español: Web/Dialectos muestra que es un rasgo propio del español europeo, aunque también se puede registrar esporádicamente en algunos países de América (México y Argentina). La documentación histórica y actual de esta forma vernácula nos indica que el uso interrogativo ha sido y es el más abundante (frente al uso como relativo). La descripción de ¿lo cuálo? como partícula (re)funcionalizada se centra en sus funciones, su prosodia, su posición y su sintaxis. Por último, la revisión del proceso de (re)funcionalización de esta partícula se dirige a la creación de una nueva construcción a partir de una ya existente (lo cuál) para transmitir un valor similar al de cómo y (el) qué, que se deduce del contexto (interrogativo) en el que aparece, como propiedad semántica inherente. La “nueva” partícula se emplea ahora con otros fines comunicativos: irónicos y jocosos.
Basin Amplification Effects in the Puget Lowland, Washington, from Strong-Motion Recordings and 3D Simulations
Authors: Thompson Mika , Wirth Erin A. , Frankel Arthur D. , Renate Hartog J. , Vidale John E.
Published: February 2020

Sedimentary basins in the Puget Sound region, Washington State, increase ground-motion intensity and duration of shaking during local earthquakes. We analyze Pacific Northwest Seismic Network and U.S. Geological Survey strong-motion recordings of five local earthquakes (M 3.9–6.8), including the 2001 Nisqually earthquake, to characterize sedimentary basin effects within the Seattle and Tacoma basins. We observe basin-edge generated surface waves at sites within the Seattle basin for most ray paths that cross the Seattle fault zone. We also note previously undocumented basin-edge surface waves in the Tacoma basin during one of the local earthquakes. To place quantitative constraints on basin amplification, we determine amplification factors by computing the spectral ratios of inside-basin sites to outside-basin sites at 1, 2, 3, and 5 s periods. Ground shaking is amplified in the Seattle basin for all the earthquakes analyzed and for a subset of events in the Tacoma basin. We find that the largest amplification factors in the Seattle basin are produced by a shallow earthquake located to the southwest of the basin. Our observation suggests that future shallow crustal and megathrust earthquakes rupturing west of the Puget Lowland will produce greater amplification within the Seattle basin than has been seen for intraslab events. We also perform ground-motion simulations using a finite-difference method to validate a 3D Cascadia velocity model (CVM) by comparing properties of observed and synthetic waveforms up to a frequency of 1 Hz. Basin-edge effects are well reproduced in the Seattle basin, but are less well resolved in the Tacoma basin. Continued study of basin effects in the Tacoma basin would improve the CVM.
Paradigma fikih baru Jamal al-Banna dan relevansinya terhadap pembaruan peran perempuan dalam hukum keluarga Islam (Fiqh al-Munakahat)
Authors: Bahri Syaiful
Published: February 2020

The role of women, according to classical fiqh (Islamic law) literature, especially fiqh al-Munakah}at (Islamic family law), tends to be regarded as a complementary part of domestic life. Their role is limited to the domestic territory, and restrain to play a public role. This paper tries to reconstruct the role of women in Islamic family law, utilizing the new fiqh paradigm initiated by Jamal al-Banna. To answer this problem, the author conducted a literature study by examining two works of Jamal: Nah}wa Fiqhin Jadid and Al-Mar'ah al-Muslimah bayna Tah}rir Al-Qur'an wa Taqyid al-Fuqaha'. This paper concludes that some issues regarding the role of women in Islamic family law need renewal. There are four crucial issues that are reviewed using the new fiqh paradigm of Jamal al-Banna, namely the minimum age of marriage, wali’s ijbar rights, polygamy, and divorce.
An investigation of the relationship between sukuk and the performance of banks of Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Sitara , Mazhar Fatima
Published: February 2020

Using panel data analysis, this study investigates the relationship among Islamic bonds (Sukuk) and the performance of IB’s of Pakistan for the period of 2008-2017. The study has used two stages approach. At the first stage, the profitability and liquidity of banks have been measured by calculating financial ratios. These ratios were than further used in regression analysis to examine whether a relationship exists between Sukuk and the bank’s profitability and liquidity. Our study found a significant positive relationship among Sukuk and the liquidity of IB’s. While, the results show significant but negative relationship between Sukuk and profitability of IB’s. Based on the findings of the study, we concluded that Sukuk has an important role in enhancing the liquidity of IB’s but it has adverse impact on the profitability of IB’s of Pakistan. Thus, the emergence of Sukuk market may pose threats to the profitability of the IB’s of Pakistan.
SATISFAÇÃO DOS ACADÊMICOS DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS: UM ESTUDO COM EQUAÇÕES ESTRUTURAIS
Authors: Gomes Adhmir Renan Voltolini , Ferreira Rafael Maximiano , De Lima Samuel Lyncon Leandro de , Walter Silvana Anita
Published: February 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar quais atributos influenciam a Satisfação Geral dos acadêmicos do curso de Contabilidade. Dessa forma, o referencial teórico utilizado para embasamento consistiu na satisfação dos estudantes e nas metodologias de ensino em Ciências Contábeis. Posteriormente, foi elaborado um background teórico para fundamentar a construção de nove hipóteses. Quanto à metodologia, a pesquisa é caracterizada pela abordagem quantitativa do tipo survey, com a coleta de dados obtidos de fonte primária, através da aplicação de questionários com escala Likert. A amostra da pesquisa é composta por 368 respondentes, acadêmicos dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis matriculados em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Privada situada na região Oeste do Estado do Paraná. Por fim, verificou-se que dentre as categorias de análise propostas, todas demonstraram influência nos referidos constructos e, de forma positiva, exceto a aprendizagem e desempenho pessoal. Além disso, identificou-se que os aspectos voltados à qualidade do ensino e desempenho do curso, bem como, aspectos voltados ao relacionamento com os professores são os que impactam a Satisfação Geral com o Curso na percepção dos acadêmicos. Com isso, observou-se que a importância se ter uma percepção elevada sobre a Qualidade do Ensino/Desempenho do Curso, impacta da mesma forma que a Satisfação Geral do acadêmico com o mesmo.
Efecto del ejercicio físico aeróbico sobre el consumo de oxígeno de mujeres primigestantes saludables. Estudio clínico aleatorizado
Authors: Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Aguilar de Plata Ana , Mosquera-Escudero Mildrey , Ortega José G. , Salazar Blanca , Echeverri Isabella , Saldarriaga-Gil Wilmar
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: evaluar, en mujeres primigestantes saludables, el efecto del ejercicio aeróbico sobre el consumo de oxígeno.Materiales y métodos: estudio clínico aleatorizado en 64 mujeres saludables, primigestantes, entre 16 y 20 semanas de gestación. Grupo de intervención: ejercicio aeróbico entre el 50% y 65% de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima, durante 45 min, 3 veces por semana durante 16 semanas. Grupo control: actividad física habitual. Mediciones: consumo de oxígeno VO2max por prueba de caminata de seis minutos y antropometría para peso, talla y ganancia relativa de peso.Resultados: en las mediciones iniciales, no se encontraron diferencias entre grupos en ninguna de las variables. Al finalizar la intervención, las participantes que realizaron ejercicio presentaban una mayor capacidad física, medida por la distancia recorrida en el test de caminata (p=0,043) y por el VO2max (p=0,023). No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en las variables antropométricas.Conclusión: la práctica regular de ejercicio aeróbico y controlado, mejora la capacidad física en mujeres gestantes. Por esta razón, intervenciones como esta podrían ser una alternativa temprana y efectiva para fortalecer la prevención de patologías durante el embarazo asociadas al sedentarismo.
Asociación entre los polimorfismos de los genes de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina y los receptores AT1R y AT2R y el cáncer de mama. Estudio de casos y controles
Authors: Castro Andrés Felipe , Loango Nelsy , Ruíz Bayron , Landázuri Patricia
Published: February 2020

Introducción: el cáncer de mama es el segundo casos y 50 controles y se genotipificaron los tipo de cáncer más común y la quinta causa de muerte por cáncer a nivel mundial. Un candidado potencial para la etapa de quimio-prevención es el sistema renina-angiotensina en sus componentes: la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina (ECA), y los receptores de angiotensina II tipo 1 y 2 (ATIR y AT2R).Objetivo: establecer la asociación entre los de cáncer de mama en nuestra población de polimorfismos de los genes de la ECA, los estudio. receptores AT1R y AT2R y el cáncer de mama.Materiales y métodos: se incluyeron 50 casos y 50 controles y se genotipificaron los polimorfismos genéticosResultados: el genotipo II presentó mayor frecuencia en los controles que en los casos, mientras que el genotipo ID fue más frecuente en los casos, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas. No se encontró ningún tipo de efecto aditivo de los genotipos y el riesgo de cáncer de mama en nuestra población de estudio.Conclusiones: se ha descrito que la susceptibilidad al cáncer de mama es un fenómeno complejo, en el cual múltiples genes pueden desempeñar un papel importante. Para el caso de esta población, los polimorfismos evaluados no se asocian al cáncer de mama. Se requieren más estudios, con mayor fuerza metodológica sobre este tema, antes de proponer cambios en la práctica clínica.
Edad de la gestante adolescente como factor de riesgo para complicaciones en el embarazo. Cartagena (Colombia) 2009. Estudio de corte transversal
Authors: Domínguez-Anaya Regina , Herazo-Beltrán Yaneth
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: estimar las diferencias entre los subgrupos de adolescentes embarazadas de 13 a 15 años; y 16 a 18 años, con respecto a las complicaciones presentes durante el embarazo en la ciudad de Cartagena (Colombia).Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en 100 adolescentes embarazadas, vinculadas a una fundación durante el año 2008. Se indagaron variables sociodemográficas, estado nutricional, afiliación al servicio de salud, ocupación, prácticas de salud sexual y reproductiva, control prenatal, anemia, infección urinaria y vaginal, preeclampsia, eclampsia, diabetes gestacional, hipertensión, semanas de embarazo y vía del parto. Los resultados se presentan mediante medidas de tendencia central y dispersión o proporciones según el tipo de variable. Las características basales de los grupos se compararon mediante la prueba de chi cuadrado. Se estimó la asociación entre los dos grupos de edad y las complicaciones del embarazo por medio del odds ratio (OR).Resultados: las adolescentes de 13 a 15 años tienen más riesgo que las adolescentes de 16 a 18 años de presentar parto pretérmino [OR 5,0 (IC 95%: 1,86 -13,7)] y parto vía cesárea [OR 3,57 (IC 95%: 1,25 – 10,5)].Conclusiones: se concluye que el embarazo a edad temprana conlleva a complicaciones durante la gestación en el grupo de adolescentes de 13 a 18 años.
Lactancia materna como factor protector para enfermedades prevalentes en niños hasta de 5 años de edad en algunas instituciones educativas de Colombia 2009. Estudio de corte transversal
Authors: Alzate-Meza María Camila , Arango César , Castaño-Castrillón José Jaime , Henao-Hurtado Angélica María , Lozano-Acosta María Margarita , Muñoz-Salazar Geovanny , Ocampo-Muñoz Natalia Andrea , Rengifo-Calderón Sarah Violeta , Tovar-Orozco Lina Marcela , Vallejo-Chávez Saúl Hernando
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: establecer la frecuencia de empleo y explorar el papel que tiene la lactancia materna exclusiva hasta los 6 meses como factor protector para enfermedades prevalentes, en niños hasta de 5 años de edad en una determinada población colombiana.Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en algunas instituciones educativas a nivel de jardín infantil de los municipios de Palestina, Ibagué y Pereira (Colombia). La escogencia de la población se efectuó mediante un muestreo por conveniencia. Se evaluaron las características basales, tipo de alimentación, tiempo de lactancia materna, tiempo de alimentación complementaria, enfermedades respiratorias, apendicitis, enfermedad diarreica aguda, diabetes mellitus, dermatitis, reflujo gastroesofágico, desnutrición, obesidad y afección cardiorrespiratoria.Resultados: participaron en el estudio 311 niños. Se encontró una frecuencia de lactancia materna del 92% (98,1% Ibagué, 90,5% Pereira, 87,9% Palestina) y una asociación significativa entre la lactancia materna y bronquiolitis, reflujo gastroesofágico, síndrome bronco obstructivo, desnutrición y afección cardiorrespiratoria.Conclusiones: se confirma la importancia de la lactancia materna como factor protector para enfermedades prevalentes en la infancia.
Interpretación de estudios de costo-efectividad en ginecología
Authors: Aponte-González Johanna , Eslava-Schmalbach Javier , Díaz-Rojas Jorge A. , Gaitán-Duarte Hernando
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: explicar los conceptos propios de las evaluaciones económicas mediante el análisis crítico de un estudio tipo costo-efectividad.Materiales y métodos: con base en una pregunta clínica se hace una búsqueda en la base de datos Medline vía PubMed. Se selecciona un estudio que aborda el problema de la costo-efectividad en la ginecología. Se exponen los elementos que debe tener en cuenta el lector, los cuales se explican por medio de ejemplos de estudios de evaluación económica en ginecología ya publicados; y se hace el análisis crítico de estos aspectos en la publicación seleccionada.Resultados: para la lectura crítica de un estudio de costo-efectividad es necesario evaluar los siguientes elementos: clara definición de las alternativas a comparar, estimación de los costos incurridos en cada una, evaluación de su efectividad, estimación de la relación costo-efectividad y análisis de sensibilidad. La comprensión de los anteriores elementos permitirá realizar una evaluación profunda de estos estudios.Conclusiones: los análisis económicos merecen consideración por parte de los profesionales de la salud, pues conducen a la toma de decisiones eficientes en el tratamiento de los pacientes.
Complicaciones laparoscópicas asociadas a la técnica de entrada
Authors: Sepúlveda-Agudelo Janer
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: realizar una revisión detallada de las complicaciones de la cirugía laparoscópica en ginecología, con énfasis en las relacionadas con la entrada a la cavidad peritoneal dada su alta frecuencia.Materiales y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda detallada de literatura publicada en inglés a través de PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid y registro de revisiones sistemáticas y estudios aleatorizados controlados de Cochrane, usando como palabras clave "laparoscopic entry", "trocars injury", "laparoscopy complications", "laparoscopic injury" y "optical trocars". Se seleccionaron principalmente metaanálisis, estudios clínicos aleatorizados, guías clínicas, artículos de revisión y series de casos.Resultados: se seleccionaron 36 artículos, 2 metaanálisis, 3 estudios clínicos aleatorizados, 1 guía clínica, 11 revisiones sistemáticas, 10 revisiones de tema y 9 series de casos. Las complicaciones de la cirugía laparoscópica son raras, se presentan con mayor frecuencia durante la entrada y generalmente son de origen vascular, intestinal y urológico. Igualmente, pueden presentarse complicaciones por el neumoperitoneo y por electrocirugía. Otras complicaciones que ocurren con menor frecuencia son la neurológicas, las hernias incisionales, las metástasis por el sitio de entrada, las infecciones, los hematomas y la formación de adherencias.Conclusiones: la laparoscopia es un procedimiento relativamente seguro. Sin embargo, hay que ser muy cuidadoso en el momento del acceso a la cavidad abdominal, porque la mayoría de complicaciones ocurren durante la entrada.
An Investigation into Intuitionistic Logic with Identity
Authors: Chlebowski Szymon , Leszczyńska-Jasion Dorota
Published: February 2020

We define Kripke semantics for propositional intuitionistic logic with Suszko’s identity (ISCI). We propose sequent calculus for ISCI along with cut-elimination theorem. We sketch a constructive interpretation of Suszko’s propositional identity connective.
MULTIPLEX ANALYSIS ON THE LUMINEX PLATFORM IN COMPLEX ESTIMATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR BIOMARKER DYNAMICS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Gusakova Anna M. , Suslova Tatiana E. , Ryabov Vyacheslav V. , Kercheva Maria A.
Published: February 2020

The multimarker approach more accurately reflects the key mechanisms of pathogenesis and biochemical interactions, compared with the use of individual indicators. It is a reason of steadily growing interest in the development and use of various combinations of biomarkers in assessing the prognosis and stratification of cardiovascular risk in patients with a wide range of cardiological profiles. Multiplex analysis technology on the Luminex platform is the best tool for the simultaneous quantitative determination of a complex of different biomarkers in a single. Using the MILLIPLEX® MAP Human Cardiovascular Disease Panel, a multiple-fold increase of FABP, Troponin I, CK-MB, BNP, Nt-proBNP, BNP in the first 24 hours after MI, decreasing in 6 months with a high degree of confidence, was shown. There were no differences in the content of LIGHT between the stages of observation, as well as in comparison with the reference range. The content of LIGHT on the first day of MI showed strong positive associations with markers of damage of myocardium and myocardial stress. On the first day of MI, a significant increase in the content of ESM-1, decreasing in 6 months after MI to the reference values was found. Strong positive associations of ESM-1 with Troponin I and BNP levels were established. A significant increase of proinflammatory cytokine OSM on the first day of MI, decreasing in the late post-infarction period to reference values was shown. Correlation analysis revealed direct relationships of OSM with Troponin I, CK-MB, Nt-proBNP and BNP. The use of the MILLIPLEX® MAP Human Cardiovascular Disease Panel 1 diagnostic multimarker panel allowed for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of 11 biochemical parameters, associated with inflammation, atherogenesis, endothelial dysfunction, ischemia and myocardial necrosis. The results can be used to improve the effectiveness of complex diagnostics in patients with primary myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation.