bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEONATAL GASTRIC PERFORATION: REVIEW OF 5 YEARS' EXPERIENCE IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE.
Authors: Jain Nitin , K Ratan Simmi , Shekhar Panda Shasanka , Neogi Sujoy , Kumar Chiranjiv , Kumar Prafful
Published: August 2023

Background: Gastric perforation among neonates is a rare but frequently fatal condition of uncertain etiology. Although historically gastric
perforation has often been described as “spontaneous'', some cases are non-spontaneous. The aim of this study was to review the clinical course of
neonatal gastric perforation in a tertiary care center over the last ve years. Aim: Neonatal Gastric Perforation: Review of 5 Years' Experience in a
tertiary care center. Material And Methods: It is a retrospective study where we obtained 5 years (2016-2021) data of neonates who were
diagnosed with gastric perforation. Data of total 13 neonates were reviewed and tabulated. Factors were noted including age, sex, term or preterm
(Gestational age), birth weight, mode of delivery, sign & symptoms, associated anomalies, respiratory distress at birth, mechanical ventilation
before the development of signs & symptoms, site of perforation, Total leukocyte count and clinical outcome in terms of survival. Results: In our
series, there were 10 male and 3 female neonates with mean age of presentation was 18 days. Eight of them were born full term while 5 neonates
were preterm. Mean birth weight was 2.1 kgs. Most common anomaly was cardiac anomaly, seen in 3 neonates and club foot with digital anomaly
was seen in 1 neonate. The most common initial manifestations were abdominal distension 12 (92.3%), fever 6 (46.2%) and vomiting 5 (38.5%).
The overall mortality was 6 (46.2%). Most common site of gastric perforation was greater curvature, 10 (76.9%). We also have seen in our study
that mortality was high among preterm neonates (80% mortality among all preterm neonates), those who required mechanical ventilation (71.4%
mortality among all neonates requiring mechanical ventilation), those with sepsis as suggested by Low TLC counts (50% mortality among those
with low TLC) and Metabolic acidosis (83.3% mortality among those with metabolic acidosis), blood in stools (mortality in only neonate who
presented with blood in stools) and those with perforation at lesser curvature (70% mortality among those who had perforation at lesser curvature).
Conclusion: We have concluded that neonatal gastric perforation is associated with high mortality, particularly those presented with preterm,
required mechanical ventilation, sepsis, blood in stools/coffee ground vomitus and those with perforation at lesser curvature.
AN EXPLORATIVE STUDY ON BANK FRAUDS IN INDIA.
Authors: Kishore Mishra Braja , Kumar Dhal Sunil , Nath. Subash
Published: August 2023

Indian economy is mainly dependent on the banking sector. This sector mostly cares for the growth of individuals, groups and organisations; the
economy primarily depends on this. For a decade, this sector has been struggling with acts like misappropriation, fraud and nancial crime, which
all have a bearing on the economy. In this study, I have focussed more on the genesis of fraud. Again, more effort is being made to identify the types
of fraud and its nancial implication. The analysis of Corporate, Retail, Cyber and Government fraud in India is based on data from reliable sources
like RBI Reports, National Crime Bureau and many more. Against this backdrop, a thorough analysis has been made of the sector-wise nancial
losses by the banks and government.
CASE OF BILATERAL ABERRANT TESTICULAR ARTERIES: A CLINICOEMBRYOLOGICAL ELUCIDATION
Authors: Yadav Indu , Singh Shikha , Mahajan Anita , Mishra Sabita
Published: August 2023

Gonadal arteries usually arise from the abdominal aorta; however they may arise from other arteries of posterior abdominal wall. Awareness about
variations in the origin and course of gonadal arteries is of paramount importance to vascular surgeons and urologists for appropriate clinical
management of posterior abdominal wall pathologies. Present study reports a unique combination of anomalous origin and course of renal and
gonadal vessels observed in a 60-year-old male cadaver during routine dissection teaching program of undergraduate medical students. Right
testicular artery unusually originated form the right renal artery where as the left testicular followed an atypical course after taking origin from
abdominal aorta by arching over the left renal vein. Such arching testicular artery may not only result in iatrogenic injuries during surgeries but may
also induce left renal vein hypertension and varicocele. Present study makes an attempt to comprehend clinical and embryological aspects of
observed variations.
EARLY MECHANICAL VENTILATION IN A CASE OF SEVERE COVID-19 WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME
Authors: Pereira Jessica , Prabhu Dabholkar Bernadette
Published: August 2023

This is a case of a 41 year old male patient who presented in the last week of April 2023 with severe respiratory distress and was found to be Covid19 positive. He was put on early mechanical ventilatory support and treated with steroids, antibiotics, Remdesivir and Tocilizumab and had a
successful recovery. This case is presented to highlight that even though Covid-19 is no longer considered a global emergency by the World Health
Organisation, we should not let our guard down as early detection and prompt action can save patients even with severe Covid-19.
ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THYROID NODULES.
Authors: Priya Krishnaswamy Shanmuga , Sri Padma Mandadapu , Bandari Kaavya , Rama Rao Yatham , Reddy Kondampally Varsha , Kumar Aiyappan Senthil
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The clinical condition of thyroid swelling is one that is most frequently seen in surgical practise. They are primarily caused by the
generalised enlargement. Being non-invasive, USG helps to diagnosis the thyroid pathologies and manage accordingly. Inspite of all the
advantages, in few cases, ultrasound cannot distinguish between malignant and benign masses. It needs to be correlated with FNAC to conrm
denitive diagnosis. Aim: To establish the demographic data of thyroid nodules using ultrasonography and to assess the diagnostic accuracy of
ultrasound for evaluation of thyroid nodules. The study was conducted after getting approval from Materials and methods: our institution ethical
committee and after obtaining written informed consent from the patients during the period from January 2021 to June 2022 in the Department of
Radiology, SRM Medical College hospital and Research center, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu district.”It is a cross sectional study done on fty
patients who were diagnosed to have thyroid nodules by B-mode ultrasound or by palpation.” Patients who fullled the inclusion criteria were
undertaken for the study.”Detailed history and reports of thyroid function tests were collected from these patients. Following ultrasound evaluation
of thyroid nodules using TIRADS scoring, the nal diagnosis was conrmed by histopathology or cytology. Results: In this study done with 50
patients, thyroid nodules were observed in the age group from 21-70 years. Of this, most of them were found in the age group of 21-30 years.
Majority of thyroid nodules found in men were benign nodules. Majority presented with neck swelling followed by swelling associated with pain
and incidentally detected nodules. Most of the cases were euthyroid with few of them being hypothyroid. Majority presented with complaints for
more than 6 months duration. Most of the patients had duration of symptoms more than 6 months for both benign and malignant nodules. It was
seen that the ultrasonography and HPE diagnoses were similar in 97.22% of the cases with benign lesions and 40% of cases with malignant lesions.
The sensitivity of diagnosing malignant lesions on ultrasound was 87.5% and specicity was 83.33%. Accuracy of ultrasound was 84%.
Conclusion: The study was able to establish the demographical data of thyroid nodules and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound with FNAC/HPE as
a gold standard technique
MANAGEMENT OF TIBIAL TUBEROSITY AVULSION FRACTURE IN AN OBESE ADOLESCENT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: N Garg Rohit , Patil Hrishikesh , Kambli Mrinal , Bajaj Sanket
Published: August 2023

Introduction- Presentation of case- The avulsion of tibial tuberosity is a very rare injury seen in adolescent boys. Here we have reported a case of
a 14-year-old obese boy with acute tibial tuberosity avulsion due to a fall. The patient was obese weighing 115 kg. Clinicoradiological examination
revealed closed acute tibial tuberosity avulsion without intra-articular extension. The patient underwent surgery with open reduction and xation
with two cancellous screws of 4 mm and addition augmentation with Krakow sutures with ethibond number 5. Following a comprehensive
rehabilitation, the patient regained a complete range of motion and was back to routine activities in 5 months. Fixation and Discussionrehabilitation was a challenge in this case due to increased weight and hence we want to publish this rare combination. To the best of our knowledge,
only one such case is reported in literature. Acute tibial tuberosity injuries are very rare injuries commonly seen in adolescents. Associated injuries
and comorbidities make the optimal treatment of such injuries challenging
THE IMPACT OF AGLOMERATION METHOD FROM AQUADES AND WASTE COOKING OIL TO THE INCREASING OF THE CALORIFIC VALUE AT PT MEGAPRIMA PERSADA’S COAL IN PT SURVEYOR INDONESIA LABORATORY, SAMARINDA EAST KALIMANTAN)
Authors: Hadis  , Nugroho Windhu , Respati Lucia Litha , Winarno Agus , Devy Shalaho Dina
Published: August 2023

Coal is a fossil fuel that is formed from organic deposits. Coal reserves in Indonesia generally include low rank coal with a total moisture up to 40%. Coal with low ash and sulfur content can be obtained by utilizing oil and water which in this case is called agglomeration. In making agglomeration this time it is done by using waste cooking oil and aquades. The comparison used was 100 g of coal, 100 ml of distilled water and the variable that was distinguished was waste cooking oil, namely 20 ml, 30 ml and 40 ml. Proximate analysis results on coal obtained IM 11,93%, AC 7,04%, AC 39,79% and FC 41,24%. At 20 ml agglomeration obtained IM 0,47%, AC 6,04%, VM 51,94% and FC 41,55%. At 30 ml agglomeration, the value of IM is 0,37%, AC is 5,35%, VM is 67,38% and FC is 36,38%. At 40 ml agglomeration, the value of IM is 0,26%, AC is 4,76%, VM is 59,19% and FC is 35,79%.
METODE PEMBERIAN TUGAS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Yaziz Misbahul Adey , Jayadi Agus
Published: August 2023

Pendidikan adalah proses transfer ilmu pengetahuan yang dilakukan oleh pendidik kepada peserta didik melalui kegiatan pengajaran, bimbingan, dan atau latihan-latihan agar dapat menjalankan ke hidup yang layak. Melalui pendidikan, peserta didik akan mampu mewujudkan suatu keterampilan dan memiliki pengetahuan yang kemudian dapat dikembangkan. Hal ini sejalan dengan pendapatnya Nasri, dkk.,  (2022) Pendidikan merupakan salah satu sarana penting dalam memastikan kelangsungan hidup berbangsa dan bernegara, agar mampu mengembangkan dan meningkatkan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan suportif realisasi tujuan pembangunan nasional. Kemajuan zaman yang semakin berkembang dari waktu ke waktu mampu melahirkan teknologi yang semakin canggih. Oleh karena itu, perkembangan dan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEK) telah membawa perubahan yang signifikan dalam peradaban manusia.
ANALISIS PERAN SEKOLAH DI UPTD SDN PURWAMEKAR DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN GERAKAN LITERASI SEKOLAH (GLS)
Authors: Nabilanurhaliza Nabilanurhaliza , Nurholiza Nurholiza , Natasya Rufaidah , Ishaq Sehnaz Safana Kamila , Wulandari Neneng Sri
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran sekolah di UPTD SDN Purwamekar dalam mengembangkan gerakan literasi sekolah (GLS). Literasi adalah kegiatan sederhana membaca dan menulis untuk menumbuhkan juga mengembangkan karakter yang baik dan juga dapat memperluas pengetahuannya. Gerakan Literasi Sekolah bisa dilakukan dengan cara membiasakan membaca berbagai informasi bermanfaat selama 15 menit yang dapat meningkatkan pemahaman khususnya peserta didik di masa golden age. Adapun manfaat keterampilan literasi antara lain memperluas kosa kata, mengoptimalkan kerja otak dan meningkatkan pemahaman dan pengetahuan baru, meningkatkan keterampilan interpersonal, mempertajam memahami makna informasi yang dibaca. lebih banyak model alfabet bermanfaat yaitu bagi yang memperhatikan amalan sebagai yang utama, karena itu dimulai. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data berupa analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh melalui observasi maupun wawancara dan dokumentasi, selanjutnya akan dilakukan analisis data. Hasil penemuan penelitian terdapat tiga tahapan literasi yaitu sebagai berikut : (1) Tahap Pembiasan; (2) Tahap Pengembangan; dan (3) Tahap Pelaksanaan. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat memberikan pengetahuan ilmiah bagi aparatur pemerintah, tenaga kependidikan dan khususnya guru sekolah dasar dalam melaksanakan program literasi untuk menanamkan kecintaan membaca pada siswa.
The morphological characteristics and their geomorphological indications of the Wadi al-Shakak basin, east of Maysan Governorate - Iraq
Authors: معروف بشار فؤاد
Published: August 2023

The research dealt with the most important morphological characteristics and their geomorphological indications of the Wadi al-Shakak basin, one of the seasonal valleys of the eastern Tigris region in Maysan Governorate, whose sources are located near the Iraqi-Iranian border and flows in a north-east-southwest direction, with an area of ​​​​(99,485) km2 with a perimeter of (53,949) km. Where the most important natural factors represented by (geological structure, surface, climate, water resources) influencing the formation of formal characteristics were studied, as well as reference to the most important geomorphological processes (weathering and water erosion) that prevailed during the Pleistocene era and are still continuing to the present time, which contributed to Formation of these morphological characteristics (roundness, elongation, length-to-width ratio, shape modulus, coefficient of fusion) and for the main questioner's basin (4) secondary basins
Irrigation in Iraq at the end of the Ottoman era in the light of British reports, the report of Sir George Buchanan as a model ((historical study))
Authors: الخزرجي رغد فلاح
Published: August 2023

Irrigation is linked to public life and is directly related to it. It has an important impact on people’s social and economic lives. One of Iraq’s natural resources that can be relied upon in the first degree is agriculture, especially during the study period. Iraq during the Ottoman era was in a deplorable state due to poor human practices. And encroachment and transgressions on rivers in the past, and it was supposed to be dealt with through correct frameworks, and despite the attempts made by some Ottoman governors to reform the irrigation conditions, in practice, they did not bear fruit. Although the engineering survey of the country and the rivers is a condition that must be spent before money is spent on projects investment .. Now the survey conducted by Sir William Wilcox was of high value and importance, but the survey operations were carried out in the most difficult ways and required to be extensive.
Linguistic creativity in the words of Imam Ali ()
Authors: صالح ميثم مهدي
Published: August 2023

After this study, in the words of the Commander of the Faithful, I wanted to summarize the most important findings of the study:
No one denies that the words of Imam Ali (B) are words that represent the truest manifestations of creativity. This is why his reasons are summarized as follows:His soul had never been infected with atheistic beliefs or other than the monotheistic belief before, so it accepted Islam with eagerness and sincerity.The Bani Hashem boy was raised in the homes of eloquence and eloquence, and in the tribe of eloquence and eloquence, and in the most eloquent environment of those who uttered adverbs, so he learned his qualities and virtues and gained from his logic what he acquired. Reasons to say he has and contented himself with the inexhaustible spring, which is the Holy Quran.You study in the greatest school in history (the Qur’an school),
Evaluation of the status of drinking water service in the city of Baghdad
Authors: عبد الوهاب عبد الوهاب احمد , جبار ياسمين حسن
Published: August 2023

The city of Baghdad suffers from a severe shortage in infrastructure services, as infrastructure services are considered an essential for spatial development, and the extent of their quality has a great impact on the advancement or deterioration of existing cities. The services did not rise to the level required of the citizen, and this became the research problem, which is the deterioration of infrastructure services in general and water service in particular in the city of Baghdad. Identifying the reality of the state of water services and measuring the extent to which the quantity and quality of water conforms to the standards.
The succession of the three caliphs in the balance - the interpretations of the two groups as a model
Authors: نزاد عادل سلماني , سبهاني رؤوف
Published: August 2023

The caliphate after the death of the Prophet (7) is considered by both parties to be an important issue and a general leadership for all Muslims in the world to establish the provisions of Islamic law, carry the Islamic call to the world, and establish a caliph that is obligatory for all Muslims in all countries of the world and carry out it, like carrying out any of the obligations that he imposed God is upon the Muslims, and it is an inevitable matter in which there is no choice or relent in his matter, and failure to do it is one of the greatest sins, for which God will chastise the most severe punishment. pure and purified from any filth, and that he be a believer, knowledgeable, a planner, and well versed in the affairs of Muslims in this world and the hereafter
(Arbitrary use of the right to discipline)
Authors: كربول ردينة محمد رضا , الكريطي حيدر
Published: August 2023

The law decides to use the right as one of the reasons for legalizing criminalization and clarifies the necessary means for using this right, and before the laws stipulate the rights and the means of using them in this regard, we find that the noble principles of Sharia and its optimal, fair and applicable provisions at all times and places are the basis of rights and the source of freedoms and the guarantee of non-arbitrariness in Therefore, in the interpretation and application of the provisions for the use of the right, especially the right to discipline towards the wife and minor children, the rules of Islamic jurisprudence are used, which regulated this subject in a very precise and proficient manner in a way that the latest developed laws did not reach.
Ways to get rid of fear among the poets of Shajariya enthusiasm (the door of intensity and courage as a model)
Authors: السَّلامي ميساء صلاح
Published: August 2023

The poetry of al-Hamasah al-Shajariyyah (Chapter of Diligence and Courage) is one of the criteria for choosing the brave. This is evident by their chanting of poems that radiate enthusiasm, challenge and rejection of fear.
- Ibn al-Shajari classified his enthusiasm, relying on the work and taste of his predecessors, as he is similar to them in terms of culture and encyclopedic knowledge, as well as his scientific circle that he holds in one of the corners of the mosque
- Fear is a powerful feeling that perches on the human soul to impose on it a set of behaviors from which the concerned chooses what suits his environment and accepted by his morals.
- The challenge was the most prominent way to eliminate fear among the poets of Al-Hasama Al-Shajariyya, and this challenge was expressed in a variety of linguistic methods, including, the poets' use of the interrogative method coupled with the word (promise me, guide me) for the purpose of denunciation by the poet.
The military coup in Cuba and its impact on developments in the general situation there
Authors: حاجم أيمن كاظم , عبادي عبادي احمد
Published: August 2023

The research dealt with the military coup that took place in Cuba in 1933, and how this coup affected the development of events in Cuba at various levels and fields, especially political, economic, social and diplomatic internally and externally. Highlighting the pivotal and vital role played by Cuba's sole dictator, General Batista, through his control of the reins of power in Cuba.
A manifestation of the social life of Egypt in the Mamluk era
Authors: سمير سمير صالح , الموسوي نوال تركي , كاظم رشا فاضل
Published: August 2023

The research topic (manifestations of the social life of Egypt in the Mamluk era) concluded with a set of results that the researcher reached, which we will summarize as follows:
Various manifestations appeared in Egypt that had an important role in the life of the Egyptian society, including several things, among which women had an abundant share of respect and appreciation, due to their distinguished position in various areas of daily life, and their clear role in changing the course of events through the freedom of opinion and expression that they enjoyed at the time.
The Egyptian society enjoyed aspects of luxury that appeared on most of the clothes of the members of society, and were made of the finest quality fabrics in Egypt, showing the extent of the economic prosperity that Egypt was in during the Mamluk era.
Strategic agility and its role in achieving marketing prowess An analytical study of the opinions of a sample of managers at Al-Kafeel Company
Authors: الموسوي كوثر حميد
Published: August 2023

The research aims to identify the role of strategic agility through its sub-dimensions (clarity of vision, basic (fundamental) capabilities, defining strategic goals, sharing responsibility, and taking action) as an independent variable in marketing ingenuity as a dependent variable through its dimensions (exploring opportunities, exploiting opportunities, marketing flexibility). The sponsor company was chosen as a field for the application of the research by selecting a random sample of (132), represented by (manager, m. manager and department managers). For the independent variable and (12) for the dependent variable, and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, answering its questions, testing the validity of its hypotheses, and the validity of the data for analysis
The effect of using the problem-solving method in developing mathematical thinking among fourth-grade preparatory students in Najaf Governorate
Authors: الحسيني حسين نعمة
Published: August 2023

The aim of the research is to investigate the impact of the problem-solving method in teaching the subject of equations to fourth-grade students on the academic achievement and thinking of these students.
1- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of students of the experimental group that studied equations using the problem-solving method, and the mean scores of students of the control group that studied the same unit in the normal way, in the achievement test of the equations unit.
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La volonté et son concept dans le verset de la purification
Authors: شبری سید محمد حسین , حیدري محسن
Published: August 2023

Par conséquent, le chercheur cherche, à travers cette étude, à répondre aux opinions contenues à cet égard et à prouver l'universalité de la volonté dans le verset de la purification et la dissolution du soupçon qui contredit l'infaillibilité des imams purs, s'adressant aux voix appelant pour l'infaillibilité des Ahl al-Bayt (G) à travers la volonté divine et d'autres catégories. À la lumière de ces données, le chercheur a discuté ces opinions avec critique et analyse.
The political conditions of Yemen in the Islamic era, from the book “Dictionary of Countries” by Yaqut Al-Hamawi (d.: 626 AH / 1228 AD)
Authors: جياد حاتم كريم , عطية وفي محمد
Published: August 2023

This study dealt with "the political conditions of Yemen in the Islamic era through the book "Dictionary of Countries" by Yaqut Al-Hamawi (T: 626 AH / 1228 AD)" the case of Yemen from two main axes. Apostasy, after Islam spread in the Arabian Peninsula, Yemen was one of the regions that the Prophet’s call reached (7), as he sent to it someone calling its people to Islam, and there were several campaigns that went to Yemen with the intention of liberating it and inviting its people to Islam, so they accepted Islam.
The creation of characters in the story of Shaq al-Sadr in the light of the conceptual mixture theory
Authors: مَرعشي حُسین , تختي فاطمة
Published: August 2023

In this research, we point out how the elements and processes presented in the conceptual blending theory can be used to prove how depiction in the story and the construction of meaning in view of the elements of the interdependence of meaning in the story of Shaq al-Sadr. We also refer to the possibility of studying the story by taking advantage of the concept of the four spaces of the conceptual mixing theory, and operations such as composition, completion and simplification, and principles such as the ability to disassemble, justify, find and maintain interdependence, and harmony between graphic images.
Using Speech acts and Maxims in Selected Summary Leads in News Web-version of American Agencies : A Pragmatic Study
Authors: Hameed Hayder
Published: August 2023

News has parts and each part gives information about what happened and what happens .  For that reason , the study focuses on the second part of news which is lead . Lead is somehow short and brief in order to shed light on some points of the news leaving other points to the paragraphs that come after . To explain the pragmatic aspects of leads , this study shows the influence of using maxims and how violating the quantity maxim never hinders the message of introducing the news with general ideas in leads . The study also states the use of speech acts which have the sense of informing more than the other ones . The data of analysis is about three American agencies with forty-five samples of news about different matters in breaking news
An Evaluation of John Burton's Research on the Collection of the Qur’ān in the Encyclopedia of the Qur’ān
Authors: Oshriyeh Rahman , Mir Jalili Ali Mohammad , Mirzababayi Sayyed Mahdi
Published: August 2023

A precise understanding of the orientalists' opinions about the qur’ānic and Islamic knowledge and a scientific evaluation of their viewpoints is an undeniable necessity for Muslims. Accordingly, the article at hand aims at evaluation of John Burton's research on the collection of the Qur’ān. The study adopts a library research method through an analytic-critical approach, though this should not be taken to mean that descriptive methods have not been used. Burton's research manifests his extensive investigation of the qur’ānic and Islamic sources. The information that he has reported in his research indicates that the traditions on the collection of the Qur’ān started to extend and evolve in the third century AH. Nonetheless, he has not tried to explain that whether any source historically substantiates his illustration of the evolution of these traditions or not. This is the most important criticism against Burton's research on the issue of the collection of the Qur’ān
The Eioffect of Culture As a Sociolinguistic Variable on the Speech Act of b\Praising , A Theoretical Study
Authors: Al-Muradi Hashim Abdulla , Khalaf Majid Salih
Published: August 2023

It is axiomatic that people praise each other , and rarely a day passes without witnessing  a word of praise . This is because  praising , like many other types of speech act  , such as thanking , apologizing , congratulating … etc. ,  is not only a linguistic behaviour but it is a social behaviour . Being so,  one cannot think that such an act may  not be affected by sociolinguistic variables which, since the appearance of this descriptive branch of linguistic,  has been affecting the way language is used . And hence the need of a  study to undertake  a sociolinguistic investigation into the system of the speech acts of praising. Culture is one of the most important sociolinguistic variables that affects the use of speech acts .In different cultures speech acts may mean different things . It , also, serves different purposes.In certain culture a speech act of praising is used to establish solidarity between speakers , and used in another culture to  express approval or admiration toward the listener. In other words, praises can be considered social lubricants that serve to “create or maintain rapport.” A commonly seen phenomenon in human interaction, for instance, is that people frequently offer praise to reinforce or encourage the desired behavior in specific situations, such as teaching and learning. People in different cultures may tend to praise things more than other people in different cultures .People May praise the appearances of someone such as his clothes , hair , eyes …etc. People of other culture may not give such importance to appearance, instead they concentrate on the person's intelligence , behaviour or performance.
An investigation of the role of stem cells in explaining bodily resurrection
Authors: Akbari Ghodsieh , Abyari Marziyeh , Shahroudi SeyedMorteza Hosseini , Bolouki Afzal
Published: August 2023

Bodily resurrection is one of the most important issues in the field of religion. Proving and explaining it as well as answering its relevant objections have constituted one of the most fundamental concerns of theologians, religion philosophers, and other men of faith. One of the objections to the materiality of resurrection is the theory of the eater and the eaten, variously answered by Islamic thinkers. However, receiving inadequate responses, it has ensued serious problems. Using the findings of genetics, this paper presents a new version of the theory of the main components of the body (one of the responseswith a focus on hadith) that will prove bodily resurrection, be generalizable, and make sense to common readers.
Condensation and suggestion in the narrative poem according to Sheikh Jaafar
Authors: الخاقاني حسن عبد عودة , الجزائري هند ياسين
Published: August 2023

Whoever reads, according to Sheikh Jaafar, sees the anecdotal tendency in his collections very clear, but he deliberately intensified and shortened them. His narrative poem now combines the characteristics of poetry, such as intensification, inspiration, and deep significance, and the characteristics of the short story that share these characteristics with poetry, in addition to saying, dialogue, and event.
The return between negation and affirmation
Authors: نجم محمد صبار , جودة إسراء شاكر
Published: August 2023

The research will try to summarize the most important findings of the researcher through the following:
1- The return is concerned only with those who are pure faith and those who are pure and pure disbelief. Except for these two groups, there is no return to this world, but they have a return on the Day of Resurrection, in which the believer will receive his reward from the unbeliever.
2 - There is a lot of mental and textual evidence that showed the occurrence of the return in some of the previous and subsequent nations.
3 - And that the return is not one of the principles, but it is one of the Muslim principles among the Shiites, and they believe in its existence and it will be completed with the advent of Imam Al-Mahdi (may God be pleased with him), so he will come out with him whoever has faith in his heart and he will support him, and whoever is entrenched in disbelief and penetrates in his heart will receive his reward, then they will return to their graves, and then The great shout, then all of them are returning to meet God Almighty all together, and there is no one left who did not go out to meet the Creator.
Suspicion of the Prophet ()’s reliance on the polytheists according to the commentators, a critical study
Authors: سميسم علي كاظم , الصغيــر عمــار عبد الرزاق
Published: August 2023

The first opinion: Anointing their gods when circumambulating the Sacred House
The second opinion: Thaqif condition for their Islam not to bow in worship and not to leave idolatry for one year
The third opinion: Quraysh stipulated the expulsion of the simple and the poor from his council
The research decides this suspicion and what it produces in terms of the infallibility of the Messenger of God Muhammad (7) according to the opinions of the commentators, and their narrative and intellectual premises in the infallibility of the Prophet [
In doing so, he resorts to a critical methodology in repelling this suspicion, which is summarized in two axes to repel it, which is the rebuttal and the intransitive rebuttals, so that an argument emerges between the two, after a series of procedures that permeate these two rebuttals.
 
[i.e
Citing the noble hadith between the melody and the narration with meaning
Authors: سرخه عمار , فرد غلامرضا کریمي , مهدیزاده محمود آبدانان
Published: August 2023

The sources of grammar in the Arabic language that the scholars relied on in establishing the Arabic grammar are represented in the Holy Qur’an, the noble hadith, and the words of the Arabs in poetry and prose. No one differed in citing the Holy Qur’an, which was transmitted frequently between the chests and the lines, and they set specific restrictions for the validity of citing the words of the Arabs, and they took full care of the words of some Arab tribes and not others and within a specific time, so they set spatial and temporal restrictions to take from the eloquent Arabs
Evaluation of the properties of underground trace elements in Al-Rehab area - south of Samawah city
Authors: الاسدي كفاح صالح , الخفاجي سيف مجيد
Published: August 2023

The current study included determining the extent of groundwater contamination in the Al-Rehab area with trace elements (scarce), based on Iraqi and international standards that highlight the extent of benefit and utilization of this water and thus knowing the quality and concentration of its pollutants. In addition to clarifying the current distribution picture of the characteristics of the water of the studied samples through the use of statistical indicators that The characteristics of water distribution and its spatial trends are determined, as the standard deviation was used to identify the amount of the typical value of the arithmetic mean, so if the standard deviation is greater than the arithmetic mean, this indicates the variation in the spatial distribution of the phenomenon at the level of the study area, but if the standard deviation is less than the arithmetic mean, then this This means that the distribution of the phenomenon is similar at the level of the study area.
Spatial variation of the electrical conductivity Ec values ​​in the soil of Al-Qadisiyah Governorate
Authors: Abu Rahil Abdul Hassan , Kamal Jawad , Al-Abadi Zahraa Mahdi
Published: August 2023

وتوصل البحث الى ان قيم الايصالية الكهربائية  في تربة محافظة القادسية بشكل عام  قليلة الى متوسطة  الملوحة وفق معيار تصنيف التربة حسب درجة ملوحتها اعتماداً على الايصالية  الكهربائية  ديسيمنز/م لعجينة التربة المشبعة ,  وان هناك تباين مكاني وموسمي في قيمها نتيجة  لتاثير مجموعه من العوامل من اهمها المناخ والنبات الطبيعي والممارسات الزراعية  الخاطئة من قبل المزارعين الممتثلة باضافة الاسمدة الكيمياوية بكميات كبيرة للتربة وعدم استخدام الدورة الزراعي
The positions of Shaykh al-Sharia al-Isfahani in the twentieth revolution
Authors: Al-Jader Ilham Mahmoud , Gnawi Rawa
Published: August 2023

أصبحت دراسة اثر المؤسسة الدينية ومرجعيتها التي تفاعلت مع التطورات السياسية التي مرت بها مدينة النجف الاشرف بل وتزعمت قيادة أهم ثورة حصلت في تاريخ العراق المعاصر إلا وهي ثورة العشرين ، من المواضيع التي لابد للباحث إن يدرسها 
 وكان من دوافع اختيار الباحثة لهذا الموضوع أيضا هو تولي فتح الله بن محمد جواد الأصفهاني المعروف بشيخ الشريعة الأصفهاني الزعامة الروحية لثورة العشرين ، ومواجهته الدول الاستعمارية التي تكالبت لاحتلال العالم الإسلامي مبرهنا على إن القائد الناجح يعرف من خلال النتائج التي يحدثها في المجموعة التي يقودها ، وهذا يتولد من خلال الثقة بالنفس والحكمة والقدرة على رعاية مصالح الآخرين وإدارة شؤونها وهذا ما لمسناه في شخصية شيخ الشريعة الأصفهاني .
The Andalusian city of Uqilish 93-543 AH / 711-1148 AD
Authors: الدرويش جاسم ياسين , العلياوي حسين جبار
Published: August 2023

The research first dealt with the historical geography of the city of Uqilish because of its location and geographical nature of the impact on the historical events that it went through, then we dealt with its political history starting from the conquest until the fall, and we concluded the research with the contributions of its people in the various fields of science.
The impact of Kufic grammar on the interpretation of the Qur’an in the eighth century AH
Authors: Al-Harizi Ayed , Sweed Hassan
Published: August 2023

يتناول هذا البحث دراسة مظاهر النحو الكوفي ومسائله عند المفسرين في القرن الثامن الهجري؛عبر وقوفنا على تحليل آيات القرآن وتفسيره في كتب هؤلاء المفسرين وعرض اختلافاتهم في بيان معانيها النحوية ؛والسعي إلى الكشف عن تأثرهم بالنحو الكوفي الذي وجدناه غير واضح في كتب تفسير القرآن في هذين القرنين؛إذ وجدت أغلبهم يميلون إلى حمل اللفظ على معناه في توجيهاتهم النحوية أكثر من اهتمامهم من حمله على اللفظ ؛وبذلك هم بصريو الهوى في مسائل عود الضمير ؛فضلاً عن التضمين الذي لايعدّونه قياسياً ؛وكذلك ميلهم الشديد إلى استعمال المصطلحات النحوية البصرية.
Identification the local thermophilic strains of Bacillus licheniformis by VITEK-2 system and Gyrase B gene.
Authors: R. Banoon Shaima , M. Ali Zahra
Published: August 2023

One hundred and eight of soil samples have been collected from 17 area loci in Maysan governorate during the period from September to the October  2012 ,and cultivated on lauria agar media for isolation and identification of B. licheniformis. Primary identification  was depended on colonialsmorphology, microscopicsexamination and biochemicalstests then the isolates was identified by VITEK-2 compact system Version 05.01 using BCL identification cards (BCL-ID). The results revealed  that 53(94.64%) of isolates identified as  Bacillus licheniformis which could be classified in classes  where the very good identification class with percent of identification reached to  43.39%, followed by  good , acceptable, and low discrimination , which were 30.18% ,24.52% and 1.88% respectively and 3(5.35%) as unidentified organism. The isolates were identified using the PCR technique for detection of gyrase B gene clarify that 56(100%) isolates of B. licheniformis with gyrase B gene that  encodes the subunit B protein of DNA gyrase.
Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Wound Infection Isolates and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern
Authors: M. R. Alshara Jamal
Published: August 2023

Wound Infections are continuous to be a major complication with significant increase in costs, morbidity and potential mortality. This study was aim to screening the bacteriological observation on wound infection in both inpatients and outpatients, the effective antibiotic and serotyping for the prevalent bacteria. The study was carried out on two hundred patients of different age groups to isolate the causative organisms encountered in wound infection and their antibiotics. The percentage of wound infection among outpatients was found to be 84%, similarly the percentage of wound contamination inside the hospital (Medical City Teaching Hospital) also was found to be 84%. The relation between sex and wound infection was studied, no effect of sex on the rate of infection was found.A total of 152 bacterial isolates were predominant Staphylococcus aureus (76, 50%), followed by Escherichia coli (36, 23.69%), Beta-haemolytic streptococci(13,8.55%),Klebsiella aerogenes (8,5.26%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(7,4.6%), Proteus spp.
Relationship between Combined Chlorine (inactive chlorine) and Thermotolerant (Faecal) Coliforms Bacteria in Drinking Water among some Neighborhoods of Al-Najaf City
Authors: Abdul-Redah Muhsin Fulath
Published: August 2023

Drinking water must not have a special taste or odor, be pure, constant at chemical compound, and not contain pathogenic bacteria, parasites and toxic substances.    In this cross-sectional study was carried out for tested some  of Iraqi drinking water parameters for detect if a present correlation between of combined chlorine (in active chlorine) and thermotolerant (faecal) coliforms the indicator bacteria in drinking water of some neighbourhoods in Al-Najaf city, according to recommendations by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Iraqi water parameters in assessment of drinking water quality.
The role of Application of the universal precaution measures in the neonatal intensive care unit to decrease neonatalsepsis
Authors: Feyad A'aweed AL-Jubore Kamil .
Published: August 2023

Background: Neonatal sepsis refers to a group of physical and laboratory findings that occur in response to invasive infection within the first 30 days of life(4). Applying of U.P.M in NICU may decrease the risk of neonatal sepsis. Aim of the study: This study aims to decrease mortality and morbidity from neonatal sepsis in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Bacterial infections associated with thyroid disease for patients in Baghdad hospitals
Authors: Abdul Hussein Mahdi Ali , Abdul Rahman Al- Hadith Jamal , Amer Jbouri Adai Al-Hayali Eyad
Published: August 2023

The studying included collecting 104 sample from patients that are suffering from troubles in the secretion of thyroid gland hormones “ hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism “ where that was diagnosed by hormone tests “ T3,T4,TSH “ by taking different  samples “sputum simmer , nose swab ,skin swab, ear swab, urine, tonsil swab ” As for hormone tests “ T3,T4,TSH “, showed that the highest percentage was “47.9% “ at people who have hyperthyroidism specially T4 hormone at people who are suffering from inflammation of urinary tract  , the highest recorded percentage was 54% at people suffering from hypothyroidism specially T3 hormone also they had inflammation of urinary tract   and the most contributed bacteria in this disease was “E.Coli” associated to both T3& T4 hormones and the  results showed that “E.Coli” is the most common bacteria that caused inflammation of urinary tract with “47.9%” at people have hyperthyroidism.Results also showed that candida albicans mushroom is the most repeatable in skin infections of fungi with a percentage of 23.2% especially in   hypothyroidism of T3&T4 hormones .
A study effect of Iron overload on Thyroid gland and other tissues in thalassemia patients in najaf city
Authors: Muein Auda Furqan , Salman Dawood , A  Saleh Afrodet
Published: August 2023

This study highlights the effects of iron overload on endocrine glands (Thyroid gland), kidney functions and liver functions in thalassemia patients in Najaf province in Iraq.One hundred patients suffering from thalassemia were contributed in the current study. Their age range was 3-18 years old. Thirty apparently healthy person  were nominated as "control group". Serum iron , liver functions test (AST,ALT,ALP,TSB) and Kidney functions test (Uera& Creatinine) were measured spectrophotometrically while Serum ferritin, was measured using ELISA, Thyroid hormones (T3 & T4) estimation by Using(I-Chroma instrument)     The results indicated significant increase (p<0.05) in iron , ferritin and TSB in patients in comparing with healthy control group while  liver functions test (AST,ALT,ALP ) and  Kidney functions test (Uera& Creatinin) were no       significant.
Determination of Some Environmental Conditions as a Risk Factors for Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Using Biochemical and Hematological Parameters
Authors: Al-nada Ali Kanaem Al-ibady Qater
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out to determine the environmental conditions as a risk factors to determination and prevalence type two diabetes by many methods such as biochemical and haematological parameters. 65 patient (42 males and 23 females) of ages between 35-90 years old, were taken from diabetic centre in Baghdad province. In this study there are  high significant differences for the males and females, therefore LSD-value was 24.88**. And LSD-value for HDL was 7.833**, also this study recorded high significant differences for the relationship between the age and attack with type two diabetes mellitus, then the LSD-value were 33.90**.This study recorded high significant differences for the relationship between the smoking patients and this disease . The LSD-value were 25.96**. Generally, this study recorded relationship between the diabetes and overweight, then LSD-value were 44.28**. Also the relationship between theCholesterol and Triglyceride was high significant and the P-value was 0.54**, and the relationship of  Cholesterol with LDL was high significant, then the P-value was 0.75**, but the relationship between the Cholesterol and VLDL, also there are high significant differences, then the P-value was 0.39**. This study also recorded high significant for the relationship between Triglyceride and HDL and equal 0.32**. But the relationship between the Triglyceride and VLDL was high significant differences, then the P-value equal 0.74**. Also the relationship between the HDL and VLDL was high significant differences and equal 0.34** under the (p<0.01) and (p<0.05).While conclusions ofcurrent study are recording high significant of the relationship for gender, age groups, smoking, cholesterol, Glucose, and triglyceride,HDL and weight for people whoseattack with diabetes.Therefore the aims of current study are determining some risk factors that affects by some environmental conditions which possible to associate in developing complication for individuals with diabetes type 2. By using some testes to indicate the incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2, either by using the appropriate therapy or modulating some environmental conditionsin the future, which can causative these potential risk factors.
Effects of Genetic Polymorphisms of Programmed Cell Death-1 in Susceptibility with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Najaf Population
Authors: Kadhim Mahmood Al-Akhras Rashad , Shakir Al-Nahi Alaa
Published: August 2023

Background: The prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) has been raised in Iraq. The medical costs of such increased prevalence are high. Global studies have revealed polymorphisms of PD1 (Program Death 1) gene to be associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). This polymorphism can cause changes in various metabolic variables. Methods: The current study consists of 100 RA patients and 100 healthy control individuals. Variable parameters data included Anti-Cyclic cytrulinated peptide expression (ACCP), Rheumatoid factor (RF), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in serum and Erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR) leveles. Genotyping of PD1gene polymorphism is carried out by RFLP-PCR. Various statistical analyses were applied to analyze the data.

Results: The estimation of immunological and biochemical data pointed out significant differences in Gender, RF, ACCP, CRP, ESR and age in RA when compared with those of the control group. The genotyping results were found to be consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The analysis of the genotype distribution under various inheritance models highlighted significant differences in SNP of PD1 gene polymorphism among RA patients when compared with the control group under the dominant homozygote, heterozygote and recessive homozygote. The genotype and allele frequencies of the PD1 SNP rs11568821; genotype GA was significantly increased in RA compared with controls (45% and 24%, respectively) (P=0.0020),(OR =2.5909),(95% CI 1.4-4.7) . Subjects who carried A allele were significantly more likely to develop RA three folds AA(OR=3.3529, 95% CI=1.1691-9.6160, P=0.0244). Clinical characteristics were observed to change significantly with respect to the genotype distribution of the investigated SNP. Conclusion: PD1 gene polymorphisms (rs11568821) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis in Najaf population.