bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Toxicity in the Treatment of Light Chain Amyloidosis: Systematic
Review of Clinical Studies
Authors: Jattin-Balcázar Jairo Javier , Quiroga-Ramírez Paula Andrea
Published: January 2024

Background:

Light chain amyloidosis (AL) is a progressive and a fatal disease that
primarily affects cardiac tissue. Although the current approach to anti-amyloidosis treatments
has managed to reduce amyloidosis morbimortality, the dynamics of cardiac adverse events are
unknown.

Objective:

to provide evidence about reported cardiac toxicity during treatment of AL amyloidosis through a systematic review of the literature.

Methods:

A search was performed for registered clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.gov filtered for
AL amyloidosis up to December 31, 2022. Studies were filtered by those that reported intervention in patients with AL amyloidosis and that had reported adverse events. The type of study, the
intervention performed, and the frequency of reported cardiac adverse events were discriminated
from each trial.

Results:

25 clinical trials were analyzed, representing a population of 1,542 patients, among
whom 576 (38.95%) adverse events were reported, 326 being serious (SAE) and 242 nonserious (nSAE). The most frequent SAEs were cardiac failure, atrial fibrillation, and cardiac arrest, while the most frequent nSAEs were palpitations, atrial fibrillation, and sinus tachycardia.

Conclusion:

cardiac toxicity during treatment for amyloidosis seems common, and it is important to evaluate the relationship of therapies with its occurrence.
Fucoxanthin Enhances the Antifibrotic Potential of Placenta-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a CCl4-induced Mouse Model of Liver
Authors: Slautin Vasilii , Konyshev Konstantin , Gavrilov Ilya , Beresneva Olga , Maklakova Irina , Grebnev Dmitry
Published: January 2024

Background:

The effectiveness of fucoxanthin (Fx) in liver diseases has been reported
due to its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy
has also been proposed as a promising strategy for liver fibrosis treatment. Recent studies have
shown that the co-administration of MSCs and drugs demonstrates a pronounced effect on liver fibrosis.

Aim:

This study aimed to determine the therapeutic potential of placenta-derived MSCs (PD-MSCs)
in combination with Fx to treat liver fibrosis and evaluate their impact on the main links of
liver fibrosis pathogenesis.

Methods:

After PD-MSCs isolation and identification, outbred ICR/CD1 mice were divided into
five groups: Control group, CCl4 group (CCl4), Fx group (CCl4+Fx), PD-MSCs group (CCl4+MSCs)
and cotreatment group (CCl4+MSCs+Fx). Biochemical histopathological investigations were
performed. Semiquantitative analysis of the alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA+), matrix metalloproteinases
(MMP-9+, MMP-13+), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1+) areas,
and the number of positive cells in them were studied by immunohistochemical staining.
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), hepatic growth factor (HGF), procollagen-1 (COL1α1)
in liver homogenate and proinflammatory cytokines in blood serum were determined using an enzyme
immunoassay.

Results:

Compared to the single treatment with PD-MSCs or Fx, their combined administration
significantly reduced liver enzyme activity, the severity of liver fibrosis, the proinflammatory cytokine
levels, TGF-β level, α-SMA+, TIMP-1+ areas and the number of positive cells in them,
and increased HGF level, MMP-13+, and MMP-9+ areas.

Conclusion:

Fx enhanced the therapeutic potential of PD-MSCs in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis,
but more investigations are necessary to understand the mutual impact of PD-MSCs and Fx.
Design, Synthesis and Anti-cancer Evaluation of Nitrogen-containing Derivatives of
30-Carboxyl of Gambogic Acid
Authors: Li Hong , Lin Huiping , Li Jiajun , Chen Kaixin , Chen Zanhong , Zhang Jianye , Huang Yan , Zhao Xin , Ti Huihui , Tao Yiwen
Published: January 2024

Background:

Gambogic acid (GA) is a natural product from the resin of the Garcinia species, which
showed significant activity in the induction of apoptosis. It can be one promising lead compound for the design
and synthesis of new anticancer drugs.

Objective:

The objective of the current study is to design novel nitrogen-contained GA derivatives with better
anti-cancer activities and study the effect of the introduction of different nitrogen-contained groups on the activity
of GA.

Methods:

The designed 15 derivatives were synthesized via esterification or amidation of 30-carboxylate. The
synthetic compounds were characterized via different spectroscopic techniques, including X-ray single crystal
diffraction, MS and NMR. The cytotoxic activity of the designed derivatives was evaluated in vitro against A549,
HepG-2, and MCF-7 cell lines using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test.

Results:

15 nitrogen-contained GA derivatives were successfully synthesized and established. Based on the IC50
values, compounds 9, 10, 11 and 13 showed stronger inhibitory effects on A549, HepG-2, MCF-7 cell lines than
GA, while 9 is the most active compound with IC50 value of 0.64-1.49 μM. Most derivatives of GA with esterification
of C-30 including cyano-benzene ring were generally weaker than those of pyrimidinyl-substituted derivatives.
In addition, length of alkyl linkers between C-30 of GA and nitrogen-contained group produced different
effects on A549, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cell lines.

Conclusion:

The structure-activity relationship results show that aromatic substituent and linker length play important
roles to improve the anticancer activities, while compound 9 with pyrimidine substituent and C-C-C linkers
is the most active derivative against tested cell lines, and is a promising anti-cancer agent for further development.
A Review on the Role of Sea Salt in Food and its Applications for Human Health
Authors: Dao Thi-Kien , Nguyen Trong-The , Vu Ngoc-Thanh
Published: January 2024

Sea salt is a widely used ingredient in culinary practices around the world. Beyond its
flavor-enhancing properties, sea salt has been recognized for its potential health benefits. This review
aimed to explore the role of sea salt in food and its applications for promoting human health.
We have discussed the composition and production of sea salt, its culinary uses, and its impact on
various aspects of human health, including cardiovascular health, electrolyte balance, and digestion.
Additionally, we have examined the potential risks associated with excessive sea salt consumption
and highlight the importance of moderation in its usage. Overall, this review provides insights into
the multifaceted role of sea salt, emphasizing its potential positive effects on human health when
consumed in appropriate amounts. Ultimately, the review serves as a valuable resource for individuals
seeking a comprehensive understanding of the role of sea salt in promoting human health.
A usabilidade do sistema pergamum na mediação e automação do acervo particular do escritor paraense Haroldo Maranhão na biblioteca pública Arthur Vianna: estudo de caso
Authors: Bezerra Di Yvis Téo Calumby
Published: January 2024

The research problem is characterized by the dispersion in the collection of the Private Library of the Writer Haroldo Maranhão,located in the Arthur Vianna Public Library in Belém do Pará. Justification: To show the benefits of computerizing the collection and the difficulties and obstacles encountered in this process. Objective: To analyze how the information is organized in this collection and to show the usability and mediation of the Pergamum System and the ways in which the user searches and retrieves information within this collection. Methodology: Case study, based on bibliographical research, with a descriptive purpose. The research found that the Pergamum System is a tool with significant potential for the process of retrieval and mediation of information, making the collection available for consultation by users of the Public Library Arthur Vianna.
Medical Students’ Perceptions on Identifying and Addressing Emotional Responses in Emergency Medicine: Pilot Investigation (Preprint)
Authors: Agarwal Anish Kumar , Gonzales Rachel , Munden Cory , Albright DaCarla , Tsao Suzana
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Training in acute care, such as emergency medicine (EM), where exposure to critically ill and injured patients is high, impacts the well-being of trainees and contributes to burnout. Investigating how, and if, trainees prepare for these situations is necessary to ensure they are supported.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate medical students’ perspectives and emotional preparedness for handling acute care and trauma.

METHODS

We conducted a pilot investigation using a remote digital survey of medical students during their EM clerkship at a large, urban academic institution. The primary outcome of interest was student-reported preparedness and comfort in handling trauma and critical care patient encounters. Secondary outcomes included awareness of well-being resources and comfort in accessing digital well-being resources.

RESULTS

A total of 57 medical students completed the voluntary digital survey, and half of the students (n=28, 49%) reported having witnessed the care of a critically ill or a penetrating trauma patient (eg, a victim of gun violence). A majority (n=40, 70%) had thought about how these events may impact them, and over half felt unprepared to identify the emotional impact these cases may have on them (n=31, 54%) or address the emotional or mental health impact (n=36, 63%). Less than a quarter (n=14, 25%) were aware of digital mental health resources, and 58% (n=33) did not feel fully comfortable connecting with resources if needed. Students who had previously witnessed critical care were significantly more likely to report feeling well prepared in identifying the emotional impact and addressing this impact.

CONCLUSIONS

In this cross-sectional survey, students did not feel fully prepared to identify or address the emotional impact of working in EM. Additionally, they lacked awareness of or comfort with accessing digital institutional resources meant to support their well-being, such as a large web-based platform. These findings can help inform and guide interventions by educational and academic leaders. The aim would be to create and promote environments that empower students with tools to identify their own emotions and connect to well-being resources.
Shifting Narratives in Media Coverage: A Decade of Drug Discourse in The Philadelphia Inquirer (Preprint)
Authors: Bouzoubaa Layla , Ehsani Ramtin , Chatterjee Preetha , Rezapour Rezvaneh
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

The media has immense power in shaping public narratives surrounding sensitive topics like substance use. Its portrayals can unintentionally fuel harmful stereotypes and stigma, negatively impacting individuals struggling with addiction, influencing policy decisions, and hindering broader public health efforts.

OBJECTIVE

This study examines how the regional newspaper, The Philadelphia Inquirer, has covered events relating to illicit drug-use over time to highlight linguistic patterns and themes associated with specific types of substances.

METHODS

We collected a dataset of 157k articles published in the Philadelphia Inquirer over a ten-year period and analyzed articles that mention at least one commonly abused substance (4k). Using Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) methods, we extracted the most significant phrases mentioned in each distinct drug class on an annual basis and examined the sentiments around these aspects to provide insights into the shifting discourse within these articles over time.

RESULTS

Our analysis revealed that cannabis and narcotics were the most frequently discussed drug classes. Through our topic modeling approach, we unveiled that the predominant themes in drug-related discussions encompassed crime, legislative matters, medical considerations, and elements of pop culture. Our ABSA analysis highlighted that the majority of the extracted aspects were portrayed negatively within each drug class, reflecting a more punitive and stigmatizing portrayal in these news articles. Our study also unveiled shifts in the sentiment surrounding recurring aspects within certain drug classes over the years, indicating their evolution in response to changing political perspectives and the impact of real-world events on news coverage.

CONCLUSIONS

Negative portrayals and punitive language in news outlets can fuel public stigma and discrimination towards individuals struggling with substance use disorders. This work sheds light on the predominant aspects surrounding associated with difference drug classes over a ten-year period, highlighting the lack of language that aligns with harm-reduction principles.
Synthesis and Quality Assessment of Combined Time-Series and Static Medical Data Using a Real-world Time-Series Generative Adversarial Network (Preprint)
Authors: Song Kyoung Doo , Kim Jaewon , Choo Hyunwoo , Shin Soo-Yong
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

The use of medical data often faces challenges due to personal information protection issues. To solve this problem, methods for synthesizing data using generative models are gaining attention. Synthesizing medical data using generative models is a new field, and there are no established methods for evaluating the quality of synthetic data.

OBJECTIVE

To synthesize medical data using real-world time-series generative adversarial networks (RTSGAN), evaluate the quality of synthetic data through quantitative and qualitative methods, apply them to real-world medical artificial intelligence (AI) models, and assess the disclosure risk of synthetic data.

METHODS

Data were synthesized using the RTSGAN based on a real dataset of 15,799 patients with colorectal cancer. The quality of the synthetic data was evaluated using quantitative methods such as the Hellinger distance; train on synthetic, test on real (TSTR); train on real, test on synthetic (TRTS); and propensity mean squared error (PMSE); and qualitative methods including t-SNE and histogram. We applied the synthetic data to a real-world model predicting the five-year survival of patients with colorectal cancer. Thereafter, we compared its performance with a model using real data, employing measures such as the C-index, Brier score, and integrated Brier score (IBS). Finally, we measured the distance between the synthetic and real data using DCR (Distance to Closest Records) to assess the potential for privacy exposure.

RESULTS

In total, 53,005 data points were obtained. The Hellinger distance ranged from 0 to 0.25. The TSTR and TRTS results showed an average area under the curve of 0.99 and 0.98 and a propensity MSE was 0.223. The synthetic and real data were confirmed to be similar in the t-SNE and histogram analyses. The C-index, Brier score, and IBS for the models using synthetic data and real data were 0.742, 0.075, 0.107, 0.777, 0.098, and 0.138, respectively. The DCR evaluation shows that the minimum distance between real data is 2.45, and the minimum distance between real and synthetic data is 3.46.

CONCLUSIONS

It is feasible to synthesize combined time-series and static medical data using the RTSGAN, and the synthetic data can be evaluated to accurately reflect the characteristics of real data through quantitative and qualitative methods as well as by utilizing real-world AI models. Additionally, our investigation confirms that the synthesized data poses no privacy concerns.
Presence of the Solutrean on the North Eastern side of the Pyrenees: The case of Ruisseau de la Boulière 2
Authors: Baills Henry
Published: January 2024

Until recently, the extreme Eastern part of the Northern Pyrenean Piedmont was a "vacuum" on the distribution map of the Solutrean. As a matter of fact, only two sites, the Embullas cave and Espassoles open-air site, reported the Solutrean on the Pyrénées-Orientales territory which covers an area of over 4000 square kilometers.
There is no explanation to justify this situation, since this zone is flanked by two important Solutrean areas. Indeed, further South, just beyond the Pyrenees there are a number of Solutrean sites in Spanish Catalonia: l’Arbreda and Reclau Viver caves in the Serinya region. For hundred and forty kilometers towards the North East, a set of remarkable Solutrean sites spread over Eastern Languedoc along the right bank of the Rhône: the Oullins, Chabot, Pâques and La Salpétrière caves in the Gard and Ardèche regions. Along the Mediterranean coast, between these two clusters, the Solutrean presence is more discreet, in the form of a discontinuous structure of sites (la Roque cave, the Col de Gigean site and the caves of Bize and La Crouzade).
The publication in 2014 of the open-air site of the Vigne Bertrand at Vingrau (Pyrénées Orientales, France), close to the Espassoles site, revived the interest for the Corbières zone, a low mountainous area near the Pyrenees.
The Ruisseau de la Boulière 2, located very close to the first two sites, confirms the Solutrean presence in this micro-zone. The Eastern Corbières appear today as an identifiable landmark of the Solutrean before crossing the Pyrenees. On the other hand, the discovery of a Montaut type bifacial asymmetrical point in the site leads us to suggest the hypothesis of east-western mobility, along the northern and/or southern Pyrenean piedmonts. The existence of such connections has already been reported on the basis of techno-typological convergences between Aragón (Cueva de Chaves) and Hérault (La Salpétrière) lithic industries.
Blank predetermination in the Iberian Acheulean. Insight from the cleaver on flake assemblage of Casal do Azemel site (Leiria, Portugal) by a Geometric Morphometric approach
Authors: Ferreira Carlos , Méndez-Quintas Eduardo , Cunha-Ribeiro João Pedro
Published: January 2024

Over the last decades, the increase of data available for the study of the archaeological topic in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Pleistocene has favoured the understanding of the technological trends of the Iberian Acheulean assemblages. These have features of a Large Flake Acheulean (LFA), displaying, among other traits, a significant presence of cleavers on flake, a specific tool type that is of great cultural and technological value. Particularly, these artefacts are privileged to discuss the importance of blank predetermination in the Acheulean techno-complex. Following this reason, in the present work we aimed to explore this topic through the 2D Geometric Morphometric Analysis of the cleaver on flake assemblage from Casal do Azemel (Leiria, Portugal), an example of a paradigmatic Iberian Acheulean site that has one of the largest collections of this type of tools in Western Europe.
The results obtained revealed that no significant morphological differences were found according to the technological solutions applied to the acquisition of the blank and its secondary transformation. Considering that in most of the cases these tools display a low degree of secondary transformation, these data suggest that underlying the production of Casal do Azemel’s cleaver on flake assemblage was not only a technological and cognitive flexibility (given its typological composition), but also a conceptual, structural, and morphological standardisation. These observations allowed us to discuss the significance of blank predetermination in the Acheulean, implying the existence of greatly structured technical and cognitive prerequisites.
STUDY OF DOUBLE SLIP BOUNDARY CONDITION ON THE OSCILLATORY FLOW OF DUSTY FERROFLUID CONFINED IN A PERMEABLE CHANNEL
Authors: Hasnain Jafar , Satti Hina Ghias , Sheikh Mariam , Abbas Zaheer
Published: January 2024

The effects of slips and porosity on the channel walls in the flow of a heat-absorbing/generating dusty ferrofluid streaming through a porous medium are investigated in this article. The channel is upright and subjected to a transverse magnetic flux along with thermal radiation. Kerosene with magnetite is used as the base fluid. The basic equations of the channel flow, which seem dimensional, are redesigned in a dimensionless manner utilizing non-dimensional variables. The variable separable method approach is used to solve the obtained equations analytically. The graphs demonstrate the behavior of these parameters on the flow fields, skin friction, and heat transmission rate, and are explained briefly. Results reveal that the flow velocity for heat-generating fluids is greater than the heat-absorbing liquids. The fluid velocity upsurges with the improved values of the velocity slip parameter. The heat-generating dusty liquid has a higher heat transmission rate as compared to heat-absorbing dusty liquid.
AGRO-WASTE NATURAL FIBER SAMPLE PREPARATION TECHNIQUES FOR BIO-COMPOSITES DEVELOPMENT: METHODOLOGICAL INSIGHTS
Authors: Phiri Resego , Rangappa Sanjay Mavinkere , Siengchin Suchart , Marinkovic Dragan
Published: January 2024

In today's engineering industries, there is a growing focus on sustainable and eco-friendly products due to their recyclability, abundant availability and property variability. One key aspect of this sustainability effort is the development of eco-friendly materials, particularly bio composites derived from agricultural waste residues. The physical, mechanical and thermal properties as well as suitability of these fibers depend greatly on the methods used for extraction, processing, chemical modification and physical treatments. Understanding these processes comprehensively is essential for obtaining desired natural fibers/fillers from agricultural waste for creating effective bio composites to meet specific application demands. This study aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the various extraction and modification techniques employed for natural fibers. It offers an in-depth review of diverse extraction processes, ranging from the initial harvesting to the decortication stage. It has been revealed that the choice of extraction methodologies depends on climate, water resources, local traditions, and the desired fiber quality. Additionally, the paper explores chemical and physical treatments, highlighting how each method influences the structure and properties of natural fibers. Overall, this review offers practical insights into the steps taken to transform agro-waste biomass into desired natural fiber and in turn biocomposite material, while enhancing product quality and performance.
Religiosidad y salud mental
Authors: Cid-Pozo Ignacio
Published: January 2024

Some conceptual models are dealt with to explain the effects of different human religiosity expressions on mental health. For this purpose, three dimensions in which individual religiosity is expressed on a daily basis are presented. Secondly, the limitations of this sub-field of study are explored, highlighting the "dark side" of the relationship between religion and mental health. Finally, the text deals with the contemporary challenges of this literature and, above all, its reception in Latin America.
Valoración de la política de infancia y adolescencia en una zona de postconflicto en Colombia: análisis de actores y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Alvis Zakzuk Nelson Rafael , Arias Fonseca Jaime Luis , Alvis Guzmán Nelson Rafael
Published: January 2024

Montes de María, zona de postconflicto en Colombia, es una subregión con problemas generalizados en población infante y adolescente. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo que revisó documentos oficiales a nivel nacional (Colombia) y local (municipios de San Juan Nepomuceno, El Carmen de Bolívar y San Jacinto en el Departamento de Bolívar) dedicados a aspectos de las políticas de infancia y adolescencia de 2012 en adelante. También se analizaron los resultados de ocho entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores y miembros de los gobiernos municipales entre junio de 2019 y mayo de 2020. La formulación e implementación de políticas públicas para niños y adolescentes que inciden en los indicadores de desarrollo aún no es una realidad en los tres municipios de los Montes de María analizados. La falta de un marco normativo e indicativo para la gestión y desarrollo de niños y adolescentes no brinda herramientas que contribuyan a trabajar en problemas como la baja cobertura de vacunación, baja cobertura de educación superior y a una alta tasa de embarazo adolescente.
Conflicto, crisis y violencia
Authors: Wieviorka Michel
Published: January 2024

La violencia ha movilizado desde siempre a las humanidades y las ciencias sociales. Sin embargo, éstas han dejado en manos de otras competencias y conocimientos la reflexión sobre la prevención y la resolución de la violencia, que corresponde más bien a los miembros de las ONG, los diplomáticos, los juristas y los militares. Por eso, en 2016, escribí un artículo destinado a demostrar la utilidad de hacer de la prevención y la salida de la violencia un nuevo campo de investigación (Wieviorka, 2016). Desde este punto de vista, hay una cuestión que merece ser abordada y que se dejó de lado en su momento: el vínculo entre ambos campos, el análisis de la violencia y las posibles formas de salir de ella o de prevenirla.
Atlas de Odontología Infantil para Pediatras y Odontólogos
Authors: Juárez-López María Lilia Adriana
Published: January 2024

Comprender las características anatómicas y fisiológicas de la cavidad bucal es uno de los objetivos en la formación de médicos, odontólogos, así como especialistas en la estomatología pediátrica, por lo que un atlas constituye un compendio de invaluable valor para el aprendizaje. El atlas de Odontología infantil para pediatras y odontólogos es una obra que a través de más de 1000 fotografías, imágenes y diagramas favorece la adquisición de competencias para el diagnóstico bucal de médicos, pediatras y estomatólogos. Este atlas muestra de forma gráfica la fisiología y patología bucal durante el desarrollo infantil, describiendo además los tratamientos en las diferentes etapas desde la gestación hasta la adolescencia con un enfoque multidisciplinario.
Discapacidades invisibles en el primer nivel de atención
Authors: Romero-Henríquez Luisa Fernanda
Published: January 2024

Las discapacidades invisibles se configuran a partir de la presencia de síntomas físicos, cognitivos y emocionales que dificultan la realización de actividades de la vida diaria, éstas no son fácilmente detectables a simple vista, sin embargo, su impacto en la calidad de vida y el bienestar emocional, así como en el desempeño cotidiano en las personas que las presentan puede ser profundo.
En el primer nivel de atención, los profesionales de la salud pueden enfrentar dificultades para identificar y abordar estas discapacidades. Debido a la ausencia de señales visibles, su evaluación puede conducir a diagnósticos erróneos o a una falta de reconocimiento. En el ámbito de la medicina familiar, estas condiciones pueden tener efectos significativos en las relaciones interpersonales y la dinámica familiar, ya que pueden ser malinterpretadas, subestimadas o no comprendidas en su totalidad.
Es fundamental adoptar un enfoque holístico, considerando tanto los aspectos físicos como emocionales de la salud de los pacientes. La sensibilización, la educación y la creación de un entorno de atención empático son cruciales para reconocer y abordar adecuadamente este tipo de discapacidades y favorecer con ello mejoras en la calidad de vida de las personas.
Prevalencia de ansiedad, depresión y redes de apoyo social en pacientes con VIH/SIDA: estudio transversal
Authors: Secundino-Rebolledo José Ángel , Sosa-Martínez María de Jesús , Lagarza-Moreno Alfredo Josimar , Joanico-Morales Baltazar , Salgado-Jiménez María de los Ángeles
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de ansiedad, depresión e identificar las redes de apoyo social en pacientes con vih/sida durante la pandemia por covid-19, en un hospital de segundo nivel del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Métodos: estudio transversal analítico, participaron 420 pacientes vih-positivos que acudieron a la Clínica de vih del Hospital General Regional No.1 Vicente Guerrero, en Acapulco, México, de octubre 2021 a febrero 2022. Se aplicó una cédula sociodemográfica para obtener información general, la escala de Gráffar-Méndez Castellanos, escala hospitalaria de ansiedad y depresión (hads) y el cuestionario de apoyo social funcional de Dukeunc-11. Con los datos obtenidos se realizó estadística descriptiva, análisis bivariado y regresión logística mediante Mantel-Haenszel. Resultados: la prevalencia de ansiedad fue 7.1% y depresión 5.2%. 89% de los pacientes percibió tener suficiente apoyo social total. Se encontró asociación entre depresión y recuento de linfocitos cd4 <500 células/mm3 (ora 2.54, ic 95% 1.06-6.12), así como apoyo social total percibido insuficiente (ora 15.98, ic 95% 7.68-33.22). Conclusión: nueve de cada diez pacientes percibió tener suficiente apoyo social total, lo cual puede tener relación con la baja prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión. Los conteos de linfocitos T cd4 por debajo 500 células/mm3 se asoció a presentar depresión. Las estrategias de apoyo social y el apego al tratamiento antirretroviral constituyen una pieza clave para el bienestar de la población que vive con vih/sida durante y en la nueva normalidad de la pandemia de la covid-19.
Trastorno de ansiedad y depresión en adolescentes y su asociación con el estado nutricional
Authors: Ángeles-Rodríguez Yesenia , Vilchis-Chaparro Eduardo , Polaco-de la Vega Thalyna , Maravillas-Estrada Angélica
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: evaluar la asociación del estado nutricional con el trastorno de ansiedad y depresión en adolescentes en el primer nivel de atención. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico, realizado de marzo 2022 a febrero 2023. La muestra se obtuvo mediante el cálculo para estimar una proporción en poblaciones finitas, considerando la prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión en adolescentes. Participaron 114 adolescentes de 10 a 19 años, sin antecedentes de trastornos alimenticios o psiquiátricos. Se midió peso, talla y se clasificó el estado nutricional de acuerdo con los criterios propuestos por laOrganización Mundial de la Salud (oms); se utilizó el Inventario de Depresión de Beck y el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck validados para adolescentes. Se realizó análisis descriptivo con el uso de medidas de tendencia central y dispersión así como análisis inferencial. Resultados: la población estuvo compuesta por 43% de hombres y 57% de mujeres, la media de edad fue de 14.45±2.88 años, el predominio de escolaridad fue preparatoria y secundaria. Los adolescentes con depresiónleve y moderada tuvieron mayor prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad, en comparación con los pacientes con depresión mínima (p<0.001). La prevalencia conjunta de sobrepeso y obesidad fue mayor en los pacientes con ansiedad moderada en comparación con los pacientes con ansiedad mínima (p<0.001). Conclusión: en los adolescentes atendidos se identificó una asociación entre el estado nutricional y el grado de ansiedad y depresión.
Los efectos de la corrupción sobre la innovación y el crecimiento económico en México
Authors: Alarcón Osuna Moises Alejandro
Published: January 2024

En la presente investigación se revisan las hipótesis Grease the Wheels (GTW) y Sand the Wheels (STW), de los efectos de la corrupción sobre la innovación y el crecimiento económico. El trabajo se llevó a cabo mediante metodologías de análisis de componentes principales, y con modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Con el primero se concluye que ambas hipótesis podrían cumplirse, pero sólo para algunas entidades federativas del país. Mientras que, con las ecuaciones estructurales se concluye que la corrupción facilita la actividad innovadora y el crecimiento económico (GTW). Esto tiene implicaciones, ya que de tomarse en cuenta estos resultados, se demuestra que no necesariamente mayores presupuestos en ciencia y tecnología llevan a mejores resultados en esta materia.
Releer la Copulata de las leyes y provisiones de indias
Authors: Pérez Puente Leticia
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo estudia el manuscrito titulado Copulata de las leyes y provisiones de 1570. Texto considerado como el anteproyecto del primer intento recopilador de las normas emitidas para los territorios americanos. Su objetivo es mostrar la riqueza de esa obra, hoy prácticamente olvidada por juristas e historiadores, así como ofrecer una nueva interpretación sobre lo que se ha venido repitiendo desde las décadas de 1930 y 1940 en torno a su autoría, la forma de su creación, contenido y finalidad. De esta manera se muestra cómo la Copulata es un balance o estado de la cuestión indiana de 1508 a 1570, mandado a hacer por el Consejo de Indias para apoyar la política de la máxima utilidad económica que caracterizaría al reinado de Felipe II.
Historia judicial, historia del derecho. Los foros de justicia como intérpretes y traductores de los saberes normativos
Authors: Traslosheros H. Jorge E.
Published: January 2024

En el presente artículo exploramos la estrecha relación que existe entre la historia judicial y la historia del derecho. Partimos de nuestra experiencia en los archivos judiciales, rechazamos una visión estrecha del derecho —reducida a la ley y a los juristas— para entrar diálogo con la tesis de Thomas Duve, quien entiende la historia del derecho como la historia de los saberes normativos. Así, desarrollamos una propuesta sobre la historia judicial, en la cual se comprende a los foros de justicia como los intérpretes y traductores de las diversas normatividades presentes en toda sociedad, para hacerlas jurídicamente significativas y así transformarles en saberes propiamente jurídicos. Nuestra propuesta se pone a prueba en el análisis de dos procesos judiciales, uno contencioso y el otro voluntario, emanados de los tribunales eclesiásticos de la Hispanoamérica virreinal.
Análisis sobre la interpretación y aplicación jurídica de la responsabilidad social de las empresas privadas, regulada por el artículo 25 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos
Authors: Santiago Hernández Ana Rosa
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se analiza la interpretación jurídica de la responsabilidad social de las empresas privadas, misma que se encuentra contenida en el artículo 25 constitucional. En principio, se intenta definir cuáles son las implicaciones de esa responsabilidad social y ante quiénes deben ser socialmente responsables dichas empresas. Posteriormente se hace un análisis de la interpretación constitucional por tratarse de un dispositivo de ese rango. Se  observó que en la realidad no se tiene bien definida la responsabilidad social, dando lugar a diversas interpretaciones y a una aplicación voluntaria y desvirtuada por parte de las empresas, que sólo la aplican por cuestiones de imagen o para desgravar y no en beneficio de la sociedad. Concluyendo con la necesidad de una ley reglamentaria que regule la responsabilidad social que permita su seguimiento, control y sanciones.
El acuerdo arbitral como la Grundlegung de la existencia objetiva del laudo arbitral
Authors: Graham James
Published: January 2024

Respecto al acuerdo arbitral internacional, el autor refiere la discusión sobre la separación de los sistemas jurídicos internacionales, desde diversos puntos de referencia doctrinal. Se concentra en la postura objetiva del laudo y su existencia, en cuanto legalidad y poder coercitivo. Se desprende el tema arbitral internacional como una discusión actual de los esquemas legales de mercado y de capitales que se someten a arbitraje; contemplando la figura garantista de la Grundlegung.
Los aumentos de capital variable en la sociedad anónima
Authors: Morales Guillermo
Published: January 2024

La modalidad de capital variable es ampliamente utilizada por las sociedades anónimas. Uno de los temas más contenciosos versa sobre el tipo de asamblea requerida para aprobar aumentos de capital en la parte variable y la necesidad de su publicidad en el Registro Público de Comercio. Este trabajo aborda tres recientes criterios jurisdiccionales y administrativos sobre dicha exigencia y analiza si la argumentación de ambos se sostiene a la luz de la Ley General de Sociedades Mercantiles, proponiendo un marco teórico para aclarar el tipo de asamblea necesaria para aprobar un aumento de capital en la parte variable, argumentando que existen ciertos aumentos cuyo único efecto es jurídico.
La custodia monoparental en camino de transición hacia la custodia compartida en México
Authors: Villarreal Rodríguez Kathia Yudily
Published: January 2024

Con fundamento en el principio del interés superior del menor, este artículo plantea la importancia de reconocer las razones por las cuales se debe llevar a cabo el cambio de custodia monoparental preferencial hacia custodia compartida, como régimen preferente en México.En la estructura de este estudio, se consideran tres aspectos fundamentales: Primero, el interés superior del menor y los criterios principales que sustentan la custodia compartida: por un lado, el derecho a la convivencia con ambos padres y por el otro, el deber de crianza que pertenece a padre y madre en igualdad de circunstancias. Segundo, se muestran algunas excepciones a considerar, en la asignación preferente de la custodia compartida. Tercero, se presenta un análisis de la legislación mexicana, con relación a los conceptos de custodia monoparental y compartida, que permite observar la situación jurídica de ambas modalidades. Por último, se presentan conclusiones que sustentan los beneficios de llevar a cabo la transición de la custodia monoparental hacia la custodia compartida como preferente en la legislación mexicana.
Incorporación de la Tenencia Compartida en la legislación ecuatoriana como garantía de derechos de los padres y el niño
Authors: Zamora Vázquez Ana
Published: January 2024

La tenencia compartida constituye un tema de actualidad y relevancia dentro del derecho de familia, en caso de separación de los padres debe existir una figura jurídica que permita una equidad respecto del tiempo y obligaciones que deben compartir los progenitores con sus hijos. Desde hace períodos atrás en el Ecuador se viene hablando de una corresponsabilidad por parte de los padres, pues esto permitirá que la relación sea continua, aunque dejen de vivir juntos. En la legislación ecuatoriana no existe regulación respecto del tema, considerando necesario desde el punto de jurídico la adaptación del Código Civil y el Código de la Niñez y Adolescencia a los postulados que fueron establecidos en la Constitución del 2008. Por lo tanto, resulta evidente la incorporación de la tenencia compartida con la finalidad de garantizar el interés superior del niño que constituye la piedra angular en las decisiones de la autoridad judicial y la igualdad de sus padres de velar por el desarrollo integral de los menores. Este artículo se realiza como una investigación cualitativa a través de teoría fundamentada, aplicando el método inductivo-deductivo y comparado por medio de ley, doctrina y fuentes bibliográficas que han permitido la realización del estudio de este tema.
La responsabilidad parental en la legislación civil de Ciudad de México
Authors: Cárdenas Miranda Elva Leonor
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se aborda la necesidad de incorporar la responsabilidad parental, en lugar de la patria potestad, en la legislación civil de Ciudad de México, con la finalidad de definir claramente los deberes comunes del padre y la madre en relación con la crianza del niño, conforme a los artículos de la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño. Asimismo, se destaca la importancia de promover la ratificación por parte de México del Convenio de La Haya de 1996, el cual aborda aspectos relacionados con la competencia, la ley aplicable, el reconocimiento, la ejecución y la cooperación en materia de responsabilidad parental y medidas de protección de niños. Dicha ratificación encuentra justificación en la necesidad de contar con una estructura normativa y administrativa basada en la cooperación internacional para atender casos urgentes derivados de situaciones internacionales fundamentados en el interés superior del niño.
Spruce chips stabilization in wood-cement materials: Effect of matrix composition
Authors: Melichar Tomas , Bydzovsky Jiri , Meszarosova Lenka , Dufka Amos , Schwarzova Ivana
Published: January 2024

The problem of the presented research is stabilization of spruce chips in modified cement matrix of wood-cement composites and analysing the effect of the stabilisation on selected parameters of these composite materials. The matrix has an impact on the stabilization of the spruce wood content. Silicate matrix based on Portland and blended cement was modified by finely ground thermal power plant slag (TPPS) and limestone (LS). Four types of wood-cement composite were subjected to water immersion tests for 28 days. During water immersion, both swelling in thickness and mass changes were analysed. The amount of sugars and pH in leachate were determined after 7 day intervals. Mechanical properties and microstructures were analysed before and after water immersion. Different behaviour with regard to spruce chips stabilization was proved in dependence of wood-cement matrix modification. Differences in thickness, swelling and sugar leach indirectly indicate the influence of the wood-cement composites matrix composition on the stabilization of spruce chips contained in this matrix. Boards with the matrix modified with thermal power plant slag showed the highest thickness swelling (%) and sugar leaching (0,042 %). Therefore, in the presence of thermal power plant slag modified matrix, spruce chips are more susceptible to sugar leach. The results of strength characteristics confirmed that sugars leached during hydration and after longer contact of wood-cement composites with water have no negative influence in their final properties in the case of all materials tested (reference and modified).
Efficient Verification of Ground States of Frustration-Free Hamiltonians
Authors: Zhu Huangjun , Li Yunting , Chen Tianyi
Published: January 2024

Ground states of local Hamiltonians are of key interest in many-body physics and also in quantum information processing. Efficient verification of these states are crucial to many applications, but very challenging. Here we propose a simple, but powerful recipe for verifying the ground states of general frustration-free Hamiltonians based on local measurements. Moreover, we derive rigorous bounds on the sample complexity by virtue of the quantum detectability lemma (with improvement) and quantum union bound. Notably, the number of samples required does not increase with the system size when the underlying Hamiltonian is local and gapped, which is the case of most interest. As an application, we propose a general approach for verifying Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) states on arbitrary graphs based on local spin measurements, which requires only a constant number of samples for AKLT states defined on various lattices. Our work is of interest not only to many tasks in quantum information processing, but also to the study of many-body physics.
New Reversals in the Theory and Methodology of Political Science: Introducing the Issue
Authors: Alekseeva Tatyana A.
Published: January 2024

The editorial board presents an issue dedicated to the consideration of topical subjects and variants of methodological approaches in modern political science. The editorial review examines the global trends of turbulence and nonlinearity of development, which pose new largescale tasks for political theory to comprehend new political processes and phenomena. To a great extent, they are associated with the assertion of a “post-non-classical” type of rationality, which requires a revision of established practices, methodologies and research methods. Yet, in conditions of chaos and uncertainty, the potential of political theory remains largely underestimated against the background of a passion for commenting on current politics.
The «Situational Nationalism»: A New Age of Nation and State Building in Montenegro?
Authors: Meleshkina Elena Yu. , Pomiguev Ilya A.
Published: January 2024

For a long time, the political development of Montenegro has been determined by the peculiarities of historical development and the legacy of the former Yugoslavia. The divisions between groups of citizens identifying themselves as Serbs or Montenegrins, as well as contradictions between the state and the church, have determined the configuration of political forces. The fear of national minorities of Serbian national policy and the skillful maneuvering of M. Djukanovic contributed to their support for his regime. However, the problems of economic development, Djukanovic’s miscalculations regarding the Orthodox Church, as well as the lack of serious progress on the way to the EU, led to an increase in opposition sentiment and the defeat of Djukanovic in 2023 presidential elections, and the DPS in the parliamentary ones. Representatives of the younger generation of politicians came to power in Montenegro, relying to a lesser extent on traditional ethno-confessional divisions for Montenegro and aimed at solving economic problems and accelerating the process of the country’s accession to the EU. The article concludes that the end of a long period of dominance of one political force does not mean the end of the process of democratization. The unresolved issues of national and state building, the influence of external centers, the lack of effective institutions for the achievement of compromise and the protection of the interests of minorities make political life unstable and complicate the adoption of effective political decisions. Despite the victory of a new generation of politicians in the last national elections, the country’s traditional divisions still determine the choice of many voters and may again become relevant under the influence of market circumstances.
The Political Subjectivity of Digital Actors in the Context of Ensuring Digital Sovereignty
Authors: Romashkina Albina B. , Kirichuk Daria A.
Published: January 2024

The modern political life of society is being intensively transformed in connection with the development of the digital space of political communications. The emergence of new subjects of formation and management of discourse and processes of political coding (S.N. Fedorchenko) becomes a factor of redistribution of power in society and a challenge for the institutions of power. Based on the methods of structural-functional and discursive approaches, as well as a communicative approach to identify the importance of political communication in the digital space of the Internet in the processes of managing public consciousness and behavior of citizens. Using the methods of hermeneutics, general scientific descriptive methods, analysis and synthesis, the author’s approach to the study of digital sovereignty is presented. Based on the analysis of the algorithms in the digital Internet space, the risks and threats that a modern state may face are identified. New subjects of political coding are identified, and it is also shown in which cases algorithms on the Internet acquire the features of coding subjects. It is shown that this phenomenon can lead to the redistribution of actual power in society, as well as to the formation of noninstitutional forms of power, to which the state and its bodies are forced to obey in the absence of digital sovereignty. The loss of subjectivity in the processes of communication and the formation of discourse is a factor in the loss of power and loss of control over the processes of governance of society by the state. The achievement of digital sovereignty, the components of which are defined in the article, is the most important condition for protecting the value-semantic and information space from interference by external actors and the introduction of destructive narratives, which allows preserving the political stability of the state.