bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment decision-making process after an anterior cruciate ligament injury: patients’, orthopaedic surgeons’ and physiotherapists’ perspectives
Authors: Grevnerts Hanna Tigerstrand , Krevers Barbro , Kvist Joanna
Published: August 2022

Objective

To investigate the treatment decision-making process after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury from patients’, orthopaedic surgeons’ and physiotherapists’ perspectives.

Methods

The study is a part of the NACOX study, which is designed to describe the natural corollaries after ACL injury. For the present study, a subgroup 101 patients were included. Patients, their orthopaedic surgeons and their physiotherapists, answered a Shared Decision-Making Process (SDMP) questionnaire, when treatment decision for ACL reconstruction surgery (ACLR) or non-reconstruction (non-ACLR) was taken. The SDMP questionnaire covers four topics: “ informed patient”, “ to be heard”, “ involvement” and “ agreement”.

Results

Most (75–98%) patients considered their needs met in terms of being heard and agreement with the treatment decision. However, fewer in the non-ACLR group compared to the ACLR group reported satisfaction with information from the orthopaedic surgeon (67% and 79%), or for their own involvement in the treatment decision process (67% and 97%).

Conclusion and practice implications

Most patients and caregivers considered that patients’ needs to be informed, heard and involved, and to agree with the decision about the treatment process, were fulfilled to a high extent. However, patients where a non-ACLR decision was taken experienced being involved in the treatment decision to a lower extent. This implies that the non-ACLR treatment decision process needs further clarification, especially from the patient involvement perspective.
Conservative interventions and clinical outcome measures used in the perioperative rehabilitation of breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy: a scoping review
Authors: Mathieu Janny , Daneau Catherine , Lemeunier Nadège , Doyon Annabelle , Marchand Andrée-Anne , Descarreaux Martin
Published: August 2022

Background

Mastectomy is the first-line treatment approach for more than 90% of breast cancer patients. The numerous physical impairments associated with this surgical procedure negatively impact the patient’s quality of life. To date, rehabilitation resources available for breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy within the institutions affiliated to the Centre intégré universitaire de soins de santé et de services sociaux de la Mauricie-et-du-Centre-du-Québec (CIUSSS-MCQ) are lacking and do not always seem to reflect the particularities of breast cancer care pathways. The purpose of this review was to identify and describe the conservative interventions and the clinical outcome measures used in the perioperative physical rehabilitation of women with breast cancer who are awaiting or have undergone mastectomy. We also aimed to report on the barriers and facilitators to study participation and completion.

Methods

MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to January 2021, and we updated the search on July 11, 2022. We included peer-reviewed English and French literature with quantitative designs, describing conservative interventions and clinical outcome measures used within rehabilitation programs designed for women who were awaiting or had undergone mastectomy. Paired reviewers independently reviewed all citations and articles using a two-phase screening process and independently extracted the data.

Results

Of the 6080 articles identified, 57 met the inclusion criteria. Most interventions were multimodal, which combined exercise with patient education, manual therapy, and/or lymphatic drainage. The most frequently used objective measures of physical function were shoulder range of motion, muscle strength, and signs of lymphedema. In contrast, the primary patient-reported outcome measures were quality of life, shoulder function, and pain. Undergoing another breast surgery, death, and cancer recurrence were the most reported barriers to study completion.

Conclusion

This scoping review reports on the heterogeneity and wide range of conservative interventions and clinical outcome measures used in the physical rehabilitation of breast cancer patients who had undergone or were scheduled to undergo mastectomy. Tailoring interventions to breast cancer patients’ needs and promoting outpatient rehabilitation interventions appear to be better suited to the particularities of breast cancer care pathways. Further research is needed to better identify barriers and facilitators to study participation and completion.
How gender norms and ‘good girl’ notions prevent adolescent girls and young women from engaging with PrEP: qualitative insights from Zimbabwe
Authors: Skovdal Morten , Clausen Camilla Lysemose , Magoge-Mandizvidza Phyllis , Dzamatira Freedom , Maswera Rufurwokuda , Nyamwanza Rangarirayi Primrose , Nyamukapa Constance , Thomas Ranjeeta , Gregson Simon
Published: August 2022

Background

Pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP, has been hailed for its promise to provide women with user-control. However, gender-specific challenges undermining PrEP use are beginning to emerge. We explore the role of gender norms in shaping adolescent girls and young women’s (AGYW) engagement with PrEP.

Methods

We draw on qualitative data from 12 individual interviews and three focus group discussions with AGYW from eastern Zimbabwe. Interviews were transcribed and thematically coded in NVivo 12. Emerging themes were further investigated using Connell’s notion of ‘emphasised femininity’.

Results

Participants alluded to the patriarchal society they are part of, with ‘good girl’ notions subjecting them to direct and indirect social control. These controls manifest themselves through the anticipation of intersecting sexuality- and PrEP-related stigmas, discouraging AGYW from engaging with PrEP. AGYW recounted the need for permission to engage with PrEP, forcing them to consider engaging with PrEP in secrecy. In addition, limited privacy at home, and fear of disclosure of their health clinic visits, further heightened their fear of engaging with PrEP. PrEP is not simply a user-controlled HIV prevention method, but deeply entrenched within public gender orders.

Conclusion

AGYW face significant limitations in their autonomy to initiate and engage with PrEP. Those considering PrEP face the dilemma of Scylla and Charybdis: The social risks of stigmatisation or risks of HIV acquisition. Efforts to make PrEP available must form part of a combination of social and structural interventions that challenge harmful gender norms.
Does artificial intelligence aid in the detection of different types of breast cancer?
Authors: Raafat Mariam , Mansour Sahar , Kamal Rasha , Ali Hedaya W. , Shibel Passant E. , Marey Ahmed , Taha Sherif N. , Alkalaawy Basma
Published: August 2022

Background

On mammography many cancers may be missed even in retrospect either due to the breast density, the small size of the tumor or the subtle signs of cancer that are imperceptible. We aimed to compare the sensitivity of artificial intelligence (AI) to that of digital mammography in the detection of different types of breast cancer. Also, the sensitivity of AI in picking up the different breast cancer morphologies namely mass, pathological calcifications, asymmetry, and distortion was assessed. Tissue biopsy and pathology were used as the standard reference. The study included 123 female patients with 134 proved carcinoma. All patients underwent digital mammogram (DM) examination scanned with artificial intelligence algorithm.

Results

AI achieved higher sensitivity than mammography in detecting malignant breast lesions. The sensitivity of AI was 96.6%, and false negative rate was 3.4%, while mammography sensitivity was 87.3% and false negative rate 12.7%. Our study showed AI performed better than mammography in detecting ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive lobular carcinoma with sensitivity (100% and 96.6%) vs (88.9% and 82.2%) respectively. AI was more sensitive to detect cancers presented with suspicious mass 95.2% vs 75%, suspicious calcifications 100% vs 86.5% and asymmetry and distortion 100% vs 84.6%, than mammography.

Conclusions

AI showed potential values to overcome mammographic limitations in the detection of breast cancer even those with challenging morphology as invasive lobular carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ, tubular carcinoma and micropapillary carcinoma.
Diagnosis and demonstration of single coronary artery by multidetector CT angiography: series of two cases
Authors: Singh Neha , Gupta Yashraj , Singh Bhanupriya , Agrawal Gaurav Raj , Rajput Subhash
Published: August 2022

Background

Single coronary artery (SCA) is a rare anomaly, usually diagnosed incidentally during coronary artery angiogram. Individuals with this anomaly mostly remain asymptomatic while some present with symptoms such as chest pain, dyspnoea and even sudden death. The origin and the proximal course of anomalous coronary artery are the main prognostic factors. Several classification systems have been proposed based on the site of origin and anatomical distribution of anomalous artery. Coronary computed tomography angiography has become the reference method for such an assessment noninvasively. Herein, we report a series of two cases of SCA diagnosed on CT angiography. In one case it was single left coronary artery associated with other congenital cardiac anomalies, whereas in other it was single right coronary artery and was an isolated anomaly.

Case presentation

Our first case was of a 19-year-old female who presented with chest pain and dyspnoea. Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) features were suggestive of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with infective endocarditis. Cardiac CT angiography revealed the presence of a large SCA arising from left aortic sinus with absence of normal origin of right coronary artery (RCA). This artery was dividing into and supplying different coronary arterial territories with pre-pulmonic course of RCA. The patient underwent Aortic valve replacement with pulmonary Commissurotomy and improved in post-operative period. Our second case was of a 50-year-old man with complaints of breathlessness and normal ECG and Echocardiography examination findings. Coronary CT angiography revealed the presence of SCA arising from right aortic sinus and supplying the territories of both RCA and Left coronary artery (LCA). The patient was managed conservatively with emphasis on aggressive control of risk factors.

Conclusions

SCA is a rare anomaly and may lead to catastrophic life threatening complications. The accurate delineation of the origin and course of the anomalous vessel is of paramount importance while planning surgical intervention. Management usually involves a multi-disciplinary approach with cardiologists and cardiac surgeons aiming for deciding an individual plan based on presentation and anatomy of each case.
Developing an implementation research logic model: using a multiple case study design to establish a worked exemplar
Authors: Czosnek Louise , Zopf Eva M. , Cormie Prue , Rosenbaum Simon , Richards Justin , Rankin Nicole M.
Published: August 2022

Background

Implementation science frameworks explore, interpret, and evaluate different components of the implementation process. By using a program logic approach, implementation frameworks with different purposes can be combined to detail complex interactions. The Implementation Research Logic Model (IRLM) facilitates the development of causal pathways and mechanisms that enable implementation. Critical elements of the IRLM vary across different study designs, and its applicability to synthesizing findings across settings is also under-explored. The dual purpose of this study is to develop an IRLM from an implementation research study that used case study methodology and to demonstrate the utility of the IRLM to synthesize findings across case sites.

Method

The method used in the exemplar project and the alignment of the IRLM to case study methodology are described. Cases were purposely selected using replication logic and represent organizations that have embedded exercise in routine care for people with cancer or mental illness. Four data sources were selected: semi-structured interviews with purposely selected staff, organizational document review, observations, and a survey using the Program Sustainability Assessment Tool (PSAT). Framework analysis was used, and an IRLM was produced at each case site. Similar elements within the individual IRLM were identified, extracted, and re-produced to synthesize findings across sites and represent the generalized, cross-case findings.

Results

The IRLM was embedded within multiple stages of the study, including data collection, analysis, and reporting transparency. Between 33-44 determinants and 36-44 implementation strategies were identified at sites that informed individual IRLMs. An example of generalized findings describing “intervention adaptability” demonstrated similarities in determinant detail and mechanisms of implementation strategies across sites. However, different strategies were applied to address similar determinants. Dependent and bi-directional relationships operated along the causal pathway that influenced implementation outcomes.

Conclusions

Case study methods help address implementation research priorities, including developing causal pathways and mechanisms. Embedding the IRLM within the case study approach provided structure and added to the transparency and replicability of the study. Identifying the similar elements across sites helped synthesize findings and give a general explanation of the implementation process. Detailing the methods provides an example for replication that can build generalizable knowledge in implementation research.
Congenital smooth muscle hamartoma of the tongue in a neonate — a case report
Authors: Shah Amar A. , Lahmar Abdelilah , Shah Anirudh V.
Published: August 2022

Background

Hamartoma is a benign, tumor-like proliferation of mature tissue that is natural to the organ from which it developed. Oral hamartomas are rare and can occur as an isolated finding or as a part of a syndrome.

Case presentation

We report a 4-day-old male neonate who was postnatally noted to have a large 3.5 × 3.5 cm lobulated mass over the tip of the tongue. The mass was causing protrusion of the tongue and feeding difficulties following which surgical excision was planned. The postoperative recovery was uneventful.

Conclusion

Although rare, lingual hamartomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis algorithm for congenital tongue lesions. The definitive diagnosis is histopathological with complete resection of the tumor resulting in a favorable prognosis.
Combinatorial therapeutic approaches of photodynamic therapy and immune checkpoint blockade for colon cancer treatment
Authors: Hao Yang , Chung Chih Kit , Gu Zili , Schomann Timo , Dong Xiaoxu , Veld Ruben V. Huis in ‘t , Camps Marcel G. M. , ten Dijke Peter , Ossendorp Ferry A. , Cruz Luis J.
Published: August 2022

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown impressive therapeutic effects on various types of cancers by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and induction of immune responses. However, under certain conditions, the immune responses induced by PDT are not always sufficient to eradicate the remaining tumor cells. On the other hand, the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) can mediate PDT under near-infrared (NIR) illumination, thereby enhancing the penetration depth of the excitation light into the tumor. We found that ICG is rapidly taken upin vitroby colorectal MC38 and CT26 tumor cells and it promotes PDT-mediated cell-killing effects. Our results furthermore revealed that ICG induces immunogenic cell death (ICD), as dendritic cells (DCs) were found to engulf ICG-PDT-treated tumor cells and undergo phenotypic maturation. ICG accumulated in tumors 2 h after administration, as measured by fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. Considering the advantages of ICG as a photosensitizer, we sought to design a therapy that combines PDT and immune checkpoint blockade to maximize tumor control. To this end, a 25% thermosensitive polymer 407 hydrogel was included as a co-delivery platform for this treatment scheme. NIR-PDT under 808 nm irradiation in combination with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint blockade prolonged survival rate of colorectal tumor-bearing mice by inducing a series of immune responses, like the phagocytosis of tumor debris by macrophages and DCs, and induction of acute inflammation, leukocyte infiltration, maturation and activation of DCs. Altogether, our work presents a NIR-triggered PDT strategy in combination with immune checkpoint blockade. Compared to a single treatment, the combination treatment increased efficiency to inhibit solid tumor growth and improved the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice.
Longitudinal Sex Steroid Data in Relation to Birth Weight in Preterm Boys
Authors: Allvin Kerstin , Ankarberg-Lindgren Carina , Dahlgren Jovanna
Published: August 2022

Context

There is a lack of knowledge on longitudinal sex steroid patterns during infancy, especially for boys born preterm or with low birth weight (LBW).

Objective

To find out whether LBW boys have a disturbed sex steroid profile during infancy.

Design and setting

Population-based longitudinal study performed at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Participants

Ninety-eight singleton boys (47 LBW) born at gestational age 32.0 to 36.9 weeks were included. Because of dropout, 83 of the boys were still in the study at 10 months’ corrected age.

Main outcome measures

Serum androgen and estrogen concentrations were analyzed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and IGF-I was determined with radioimmunoassay in umbilical cord and at 0, 2, 5, and 10 months’ corrected age.

Results

Serum levels of androstenedione, estrone, and estradiol declined gradually from birth to 10 months corrected age. In both LBW boys and their counterparts, a surge was seen at 2 months’ corrected age (3 months’ chronological age) for testosterone, median (range) 6.5 (2.0-18.9) nmol/L, and in dihydrotestosterone 1.2 (0.4-4.3) nmol/L. At birth, LBW boys had higher median testosterone (0.7 vs 0.4 nmol/L, P = 0.019), and at 0 months’ corrected age, both had higher testosterone (5.7 vs 3.5 nmol/L, P = 0.003) and dihydrotestosterone (1.2 vs 0.9 nmol/L, P = 0.006) than their counterparts. At 10 months’ corrected age, catch-up in weight SD score from birth correlated with testosterone (rho = 0.27, P = 0.044) and androstenedione (rho = 0.29, P = 0.027).

Conclusions

Moderately to late preterm LBW boys showed a disturbed sex hormone profile, with elevated concentrations of androgens in early infancy.
Lack of Bone Mineral Density Testing in Men With Hypogonadism: A Clinical Conundrum
Authors: Goettemoeller Travis , Bena James , Pantalone Kevin M
Published: August 2022

Context

The 2012 Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines recommend that men aged 50 years or older with a diagnosis of hypogonadism undergo bone mineral density (BMD) testing.

Objective

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency at which men aged 50 years or older with a diagnosis of hypogonadism undergo BMD testing, and if found to have low BMD, are subsequently treated with an osteoporosis medication.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was conducted at a large academic medical center. Inclusion requirements were an International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 or -10 code for hypogonadism at any time between July 1, 2012 and September 30, 2020. Patients were followed until the date of BMD assessment or censoring (September 30, 2021). BMD results and treatment with osteoporosis medication were recorded.

Results

A total of 10 169 men with hypogonadism were identified, of whom the mean age was 63.4 (± 9.2), 86.3% White, mean body mass index 31.3 with prevalence of chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension of 20.6%, 36.9%, and 68.2%, respectively. The percentage that underwent BMD testing was 7.2%, of which 352 (48.4%) and 87 (12.0%) had osteopenia and osteoporosis, respectively. Among the 87 patients with osteoporosis, 57.5% were treated with an osteoporosis medication.

Conclusion

Only 7.2% of hypogonadal men underwent BMD testing, and among them, 12.0% were found to have osteoporosis. Among those with osteoporosis, 57.5% underwent treatment with osteoporosis medication. Further studies are needed to determine why so few men with hypogonadism undergo BMD assessment and what systems can be put in place to overcome this clinical conundrum.
Restricting Speculative Reselling: When “How Much” Is the Question
Authors: Kuksov Dmitri , Liao Chenxi
Published: August 2022

This paper explains why and how an intermediate level of restrictions on speculative reselling may be optimal for the firm.
Electric phosphore broadband network quantum filament
Authors: Rude S
Published: August 2022

To establish a quantum quantum internet, a previously proposed scheme involves encoding information on the qubits of quantum information processing devices and have quantum bits—or “qubits”—work as gateways through which data passes.
Strobilanthes crispus elicits anti-tumor immunogenicity in in vitro and in vivo metastatic breast carcinoma
Authors: Baraya Yusha’u Shu’aibu , Wee Chee Lee , Mustapha Zulkarnain , Wong Kah Keng , Yaacob Nik Soriani
Published: August 2022

Plant-based anticancer agents have the potential to stimulate the immune system to act against cancer cells. A standardized bioactive subfraction of the Malaysian herb, Strobilanthes crispus (L.) Blume (S. crispus) termed F3, demonstrates strong anticancer effects in both in vitro and in vivo models. The anticancer effects might be attributable to its immunomodulatory properties as S. crispus has been traditionally used to enhance the immune system. The current study examined whether F3 could stimulate anti-tumorigenic immunogenicity against 4T1 cells in vitro and in 4T1 cell-induced mammary carcinoma mouse model. We observed that F3 induced significant increase in MHC class I and class II molecules. CD4+, CD8+ and IL-2+ (p<0.05 for all) cells infiltration was also significantly increased in the breast tumor microenvironment of F3-treated mice compared with the tumors of untreated mice. The number of CD68+ macrophages was significantly lower in F3-treated mice. We conclude that the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of S. crispus involve strong infiltration of T cells in breast cancer potentially through increased tumor antigen presentation via MHC proteins, as well as reduction of infiltrating tumor-associated macrophages.
The use of the larvae of Zophobas morio and galleria mellonella in feeding growing pigs
Authors: Nekrasov Roman Vladimirovich , Chabaev Magomed Gazievich , Tsis Elena Yurievna , Nikanova Darya Alexandrovna , Ivanov Gennady Anatolyevich
Published: August 2022

Insects represent a promising alternative source to more expensive components of the feeding regimen of farm animals for meat production. With this aim in mind, we conducted this experiment to investigate the effects of dried larvae of darkling beetles (Zophobas morio L.) and larvae of wax moths (Galleria mellonella L.) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood profiles in growing piglets. A total of 27 crossbred piglets ((LWхL)хD), 39 days of age and 14.39±0.19 kg of body weight) were randomly divided into three groups (n=9 per group) based on gender and body weight. We substituted part of a fishmeal and a grain with 2.5% of dried larvae of darkling beetles (Zophobas morio L.) or with 3.0% of dried larvae of wax moths (Galleria mellonella L.). The replacement of fishmeal with insect biomass in the feeding regimen of the pigs did not change growth rate among groups and did not altered the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber (p ˃ 0.05). At the same time, the digestibility of the fat has increased in the experimental groups with dry larvae (p ≤ 0.05). Blood counts in all groups were within the physiological norm. As compared to control group, piglets of the experimental groups had an increase in bactericidal, lysozyme activity of the blood serum and phagocytic activity of neutrophils. Thus, supplementation of dry larvae of superworm or waxworm in the ration didn’t affect negatively growth performance of experimental piglets while improving their parameters of non-specific immunity.
Preparasi Detergen Penyuci Najis Air Liur Anjing dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Surfaktan Metil Ester Sulfonat (MES)
Authors: Mardiyah Tati , Fajriati Imelda
Published: August 2022

The kaolin detergent preparation as an alternative a dog saliva cleanser has been carried out by varying the concentration of Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) surfactant. This study aims to obtain the best kaolin detergent composition based on the results of physicochemical testing. The manufacture of kaolin detergent in this study has three stages. The first step is the preparation and characterization of kaolin using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The second step is the manufacture of kaolin detergent with various concentrations of MES surfactant by 10%, 14%, and 18% (w/w). The third step is testing the physicochemical properties which include organoleptic, pH, foam stability, and surface tension. The results showed that kaolin used in the manufacture of detergents has the main mineral content in the form of kaolinite is shown at 2θ=12,24o (d=7,24 Å) and 2θ=24,78o (d=3,58 Å). Based on the results of physicochemical testing, kaolin detergent F3 (MES 18%) was chosen as the best kaolin detergent because it has a thick and homogeneous liquid form, soft texture, white color, has a coconut milk smell, pH 8,270, and surface tension of 0,010 Nm-1.
Las paradojas de la Prueba de Selección Universitaria de Historia y Ciencias Sociales: Dilemas y decisiones curriculares y pedagógicas de profesores chilenos
Authors: Gazmuri Renato , Toledo María Isabel , Muñoz Evelyn , Ocampo Sofía
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio de casos que profundizó en los dilemas y decisiones pedagógicas de tres docentes chilenos frente a las paradojas curriculares de la Prueba de Selección Universitaria (PSU) de Historia, Geografía y Ciencias Sociales. Los casos corresponden a dos profesores y una profesora que se desempeñan en contextos socioeconómicos e institucionales diversos, y que en un mismo año académico dictan dos cursos de la asignatura: uno orientado a la preparación de la PSU y otro que está libre de esa presión. Para describir y comparar las decisiones curriculares y pedagógicas que adoptan en ambos escenarios, se observaron sus clases, se recopiló el material de enseñanza y se entrevistó a sus estudiantes. Para profundizar en los dilemas curriculares y pedagógicos que les plantea la PSU se realizó una entrevista a cada docente. Los resultados del estudio señalan que la PSU de Historia, Geografía y Ciencias Sociales incentiva decisiones curriculares y pedagógicas que entran en contradicción con las convicciones de la profesora y los profesores, con las necesidades formativas de sus estudiantes, y con los propósitos formativos declarados en el currículum de la asignatura. Así también, que las y los estudiantes son conscientes de estas contradicciones y de la frustración que generan en sus docentes.
The Garden Party at Wiltzangk
Authors: Smit Jorrit
Published: August 2022

What is the story behind this photo, of the “Garden party at Wiltzangk”? It first caught my attention over eight years ago when I was researching interwar chemistry during my studies. Since then, I moved to post-war science policy in my PhD, and the photo faded into the margins of my attention. Yet recently the image of this fabulous garden party came back to me—and I finally wondered what was actually going on there [1].
The 2021 IUPAC World Chemistry Leadership Meeting
Authors: Frey Jeremy , Lawlor Bonnie , McEwen Leah , Ober Christopher , Williams Antony
Published: August 2022

The 2021 IUPAC World Chemistry Leadership Meeting (WCLM) was more than a year in the making and it was quite a roller coaster ride. Originally planned as a traditional in-person meeting, the pandemic required that the entire IUPAC World Chemistry Congress (WCC) be held virtually. Rather than view this as a negative outcome, the WCLM organizers decided to leverage the situation as an unexpected opportunity to do something unique and innovative that would allow the session to reach a much larger portion of the global scientific community than is the norm at an in-person meeting. The meeting format was designed to stage not one plenary session, but four virtual sessions spread over 24h and covering three different time zones (vide infra). The topic, The Future of Chemistry in the World of Artificial Intelligence, was chosen because artificial intelligence (AI) has been receiving a lot of press— not only in the sciences, but across all industries [1]. In addition, AI was selected in 2020 by a panel of experts as one of IUPAC’s top ten emerging technologies in chemistry—one that will have major positive impacts on how research is conducted and the speed with which science is advanced [2].
Benign by Design
Authors: King Anthony
Published: August 2022

When Israeli scientists tested vegetables for the epilepsy drug carbamazepine, they detected it in cucumbers, carrots, lettuce, and peppers. More surprisingly, people who ate the vegetables had a surge of the epilepsy drug in their urine—albeit in the nanograms.
Degradation kinetics of carpaine and antioxidant properties of dried Carica papaya leaves as affected by drying methods
Authors: Yap Jing Ying , Hii Ching Lik , Ong Sze Pheng , Lim Kuan Hon , Abas Faridah , Pin Kar Yong
Published: August 2022

Carpaine in papaya leaves has the potential to treat dengue fever and it also contains antioxidants which could prevent or inhibit oxidation processes in the human body. Studies were conducted on the effects of storage on carpaine retention and antioxidant properties of dried papaya leaves. Results showed that the Weibull model could predict well the degradation kinetics of carpaine in all samples (freeze drying and hot air drying at 60 °C and 70 °C) except for hot air dried samples at 80 °C and shade dried samples (first order model). Generally, freeze dried samples showed the highest half-life whereas total polyphenols content and antioxidant properties (ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging activities) of all dried samples decreased with storage period. An increasing trend in total colour difference (ΔE

*
) was observed in all samples possibly due to chlorophyll degradation. It is thus recommended to select freeze dried samples for storage purpose due to better stability as indicated by the lowest rate constant (k = 0.0135 1/month) and the highest half-life (t
1/2 = 51.2 months).
Eine empirische Analyse der Antezedenzien von Indoor-Cycling-Plattformen
Authors: Westmattelmann Daniel , Eysel Nick , Stoffers Benedikt , Grotenhermen Jan-Gerrit , Schewe Gerhard
Published: August 2022

Als Folge der voranschreitenden Digitalisierung und der COVID-19 Pandemie steigt die Nachfrage nach Indoor-Cycling Plattformen wie ‘Peloton’ exponentiell. Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es zu untersuchen, welche Faktoren die Nutzung von Indoor-Cycling Plattformen nachhaltig beeinflussen. Dafür wurde auf Basis der ‚Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology‘ ein kontextspezifisches Forschungsmodell abgeleitet, das auf Grundlage einer Befragung von 313 Nutzer/innen und des über die Plattform gemessenen Nutzungsverhaltes, überprüft wurde. Die extrinsische Motivation wird insbesondere durch die Trainingsmöglichkeiten getrieben, während Unterstützung durch Trainer/innen der Haupttreiber der intrinsischen Motivation ist. Soziale Interaktion beeinflusst beide Motivationsformen gleichermaßen. Intrinsische und extrinsische Motivation stellen starke Prädiktoren der Nutzungsintention dar, die wiederum nur mäßig die tatsächliche Nutzung beeinflusst, sodass sich Folgestudien stärker auf Barrieren der Nutzung fokussieren sollten. Die Multigruppenanalyse zeigt, dass der Zusammenhang zwischen Unterstützung durch Trainer/innen und extrinsischer sowie intrinsischer Motivation bei Männern signifikant höher ausgeprägt ist, als bei Frauen. Bei Frauen ist hingegen der Zusammenhang zwischen sozialer Interaktion und intrinsischer Motivation stärker ausgeprägt.
Vulnerabilities of homeless women: social markers of gender and race/color
Authors: Barros Keila Cristina Costa , Moreira Rita de Cássia Rocha , Oliveira Jeane Freitas de , Nascimento Daine Ferreira Brazil do , Jesus Marília Emanuela Ferreira de , Ferreira Ricardo Bruno Santos
Published: August 2022

Objective: to unveil the vulnerabilities of homeless women linked to the social markers of gender and race/color. Methods: qualitative study, developed with ten homeless women through participant observation, field diary, and sociodemographic questionnaire, systematized based on content analysis. Results: it was found that gender identity and race/color act as potentiators of the situation of vulnerability of women. It is believed that structural racism and machismo feed back into the streets and perpetuate themselves in a perverse cycle of denial of women's rights, which is potentiated by the omission of the State and extensive social and economic inequality. Conclusion: gender and race/color potentiate the vulnerabilities of homeless women that intersect precarious social conditions, denial of rights, and favor illness. Contributions to practice: to present information that enables reflections and creation of care strategies for homeless women, understood in their singularities.
Deep eutectic-like solvents: Promising green media for biomass treatment and preparation of nanomaterials
Authors: Zhou Yufan , Xu Wangjie , Pan Yu , Wang Feng , Hu Xiangzhou , Lu Yuan , Jiang Man
Published: August 2022

Deep eutectic-like solvents (DESs) are recognized as environmentally benign media with highly tunable structures and properties. The usage of DES is promising in the field of biomass treatment and transformation, including pretreatment, selective dissolution, and separation of the main components. It serves as a green medium for modification of the biomass components, as well as preparation of biomass-derived nanomaterials. In this paper, the development on DES, including composition, properties, and characteristics was studied. The application of DES in biomass-derived nanomaterials is especially discussed. This review intends to provide references for adopting DES to improve biomass-based environmentally friendly nanomaterials.
Pengaruh Perbaikan Rolling Resistance Pada Jalan Angkut Terhadap Produktivitas Alat Muat Dengan Menggunakan Aplikasi TALPAC 10.2 di PT. lotus SG Lestari
Authors: Wicaksana Putra Desandra , Erusani A Silvan , Milawarma Milawarma
Published: August 2022

Productivity is an important thing in doing mining business, there are many parameters that affect such as the use of the equipment used, the condition of the operator at work, the condition of the front of the mining area, and also the haul roads used to transport the mining products which have a strong influence on productivity. This research will examine the effect of the haul road on productivity, the haul road itself has many parameters such as grade, crossslope, rolling resistance, and the material used for road construction. This research only focuses on improving rolling resistance. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of rolling resistance improvement on the productivity of the loading device. This research was conducted using the TALPAC 10.2 application. The tools used in this study were the Komatsu PC-400 loading tool and the Komatsu HD 325-5 for transportation. From the results of the TALPAC calculation, it is expected that there will be an increase in productivity and it can be seen that after the road is repaired the productivity of the Komatsu PC-400 increases from 90.96 bcm / hour to 96.89 bcm / hour. Keywords : Rolling Resistnace, Productivity, TALPAC
Identificação e controle dos fatores etiológicos do bruxismo infantil no contexto do Covid-19
Authors: Dos Santos Réferson Melo
Published: August 2022

O bruxismo é uma condição que afeta o sistema estomatognático com rangidos e apertamento entre as arcadas, causando dores e disfunções. O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca da relação dos sintomas do bruxismo infantil e a ansiedade ocasionada pela pandemia de COVID-19. O estresse é o fator etiológico mais citado dentre os autores, acometendo todas as faixas etárias, principalmente crianças e adolescentes. Uma criteriosa busca nas principais bases de dados (Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS), Pubmed, Lilacs e Google Scholar) foi realizada e após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão predefinidos, alguns artigos foram utilizados para compor esta revisão de literatura. Como forma de diagnóstico, é imprescindível a identificação dos fatores etiológicos, visando adotar medidas terapêuticas multidisciplinares e permitindo o adequado desenvolvimento integral da criança.
APLICACIÓN DE TÉCNICAS DE ANÁLISIS DE SUPERVIVENCIA AL ESTUDIO DE LA DESERCIÓN ESTUDIANTIL EN UNA CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL
Authors: Paz Hugo Roger
Published: August 2022

Un tema preocupante en la Carrera de Ingeniería Civil de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología (FACET) de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT) es el del abandono estudiantil. En el período que va del año 2005 al 2019, han abandonado la carrera un total de 900 alumnos, sobre 1615 ingresantes. Conocer sus posibles causas puede permitirnos generar propuestas de mejora para mitigarlos. En el presente trabajo se han aplicado técnicas de análisis estadístico conocidas como “Análisis de Supervivencia”, las cuales se utilizan para analizar la duración esperada de tiempo hasta que ocurran uno o más eventos, en este caso el abandono. Asimismo, se analizan las covariantes que influyen en el abandono y se cuantifica su efecto. Como resultado se han calculado los tiempos medios que transcurren hasta que un alumno abandona, así como cuales son las asignaturas que incrementan el riesgo de abandono cuando el alumno no ha aprobado el cursado que lo habilita al examen final.
EFEITOS DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL NO DESEMPENHO ESCOLAR: UMA ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA
Authors: Shirasu Maitê , Araújo Ana Cléssia Pereira Lima de , Carneiro Larissa Nascimento , Menezes Virna , Irffi Guilherme Diniz
Published: August 2022

Este estudo analisa a literatura brasileira acerca dos efeitos de frequentar a Educação Infantil (EI) sobre o desempenho escolar. Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise bibliométrica dos estudos nacionais nessa temática, bem como uma análise descritiva das publicações e um mapeamento da revisão da literatura. Verificou-se que essas publicações têm se intensificado nos últimos anos, em consonância com os maiores esforços observados para priorização da EI no Brasil, e que os efeitos encontrados são predominantemente positivos, indicando que frequentar a EI gera ganhos no desempenho escolar futuro das crianças. Os estudos nacionais também buscam identificar efeitos secundários da EI sobre resultados não-cognitivos, como habilidades sociais e estresse, e possíveis efeitos heterogêneos da escolaridade da mãe, cor ou raça, e tempo de exposição. Em geral, esses estudos estão em consonância com as evidências internacionais de que a participação na EI gera ganhos cognitivos persistentes e efeitos positivos sobre aspectos não-cognitivos dos indivíduos.
El Derecho Internacional, la guerra y la ética
Authors: Guillaume Josué
Published: August 2022

El Derecho Internacional está cada vez más en una situación insegura frente a la fabricación de armas de guerra por los grandes países. Las violencias, las guerras surgidas no garantizan la paz y la tranquilidad que buscamos, por lo que las Organizaciones Internacionales pierden su razón de ser. Aun así, los principios jurídicos internacionales no se aplican tanto en tiempo de “paz” como en momentos de conflictos armados y la vida humana está en perpetua amenaza o permanece sin valor alguno en los ojos de los protagonistas de las relaciones internacionales que siguen defendiendo sus intereses inconfesables e inconfesados.
Mellan konst och kommers: Om modefotografiets retorik
Authors: Kollnitz Andrea
Published: August 2022

Modefotografiet har sedan dess uppkomst under sent 1800-tal spelat en ambivalent roll och debatterats i sin dubbla identitet som ett både konstnärligt, ofta avantgardistiskt, uttryck och ett kommersiellt medium inom en snabbt växande konsumtionsindustri. Utifrån frågan om hur denna dubbelidentitet syns och hanteras i konkreta bilder, prövar kapitlet semiotiska tolkningar av samtida svenskt modefotografi utifrån två valda redaktionella bilder av modefotografen Magnus Magnusson. I dialog med Roland Barthes texter om modets språk och representationer och främst hans bildsemiotiska tolkning av reklambilder i ”Bildens retorik” analyseras modefotografiets inneboende ambivalens. Hur förändras modefotografiets mening beroende på dess syften och kontext, hur fungerar redaktionella modebilder som, å ena sidan, fotografier med konstnärliga anspråk och, å andra sidan, kommersiella och strategiska bilder, både gällande betraktarens upplevelser och förståelse och fotografens val av uttrycksmedel och visuella koder?
Den omplacerade koden: Om Edgar Degas Interiör
Authors: Hayden Hans
Published: August 2022

Följande text utgör en analys av Edgar Degas målning Interiör från 1868–69. Det är en av konsthistoriens gåtfulla bilder, vars motiv har varit och förblivit omdiskuterat. Bilden skildrar någonting sorgligt eller hotfullt i vad som verkar vara en hemmiljö. Olika tolkningsförsök har gjorts där motivet sägs ha utgått från litterära källor eller visuella förlagor. Sådana tolkningar missar dock en viktig aspekt: motivets uppenbara ambivalens. Trots sitt realistiska bildspråk gäckar bilden varje försök till uttolkning och lockar betraktaren att försöka komma fram till en lösning genom ständigt nya omtolkningar. Det går att iaktta olika spår i bilden – föremål, förhållandet mellan de båda gestalterna, ljuset, perspektivet – som förmedlar och förstärker detta intryck. Men den fråga som lyfts fram i denna analys är inte enbart vad bilden betyder utan även hur den betyder. För att försöka förstå detta intrikata spel mellan bild och betraktare, utgår analysen från den kommunikativa situationen där tecknet kommit i bruk och de omständigheter som ger tecknet dess innebörd(er), samt den kod som reglerar tecknets möjliga betydelser. Degas målning tycks laborera med just detta, med konventioner och förväntningar, för att skapa ett visuellt drama där betraktaren aktiva roll blir en central del av verkets betydelse.
Memória midiatizada: a circulação do audiovisual no YouTube
Authors: Freitas Antônio Carlos Santiago , Pinheiro Roseane Arcanjo
Published: August 2022

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar como usuários utilizam o YouTube para (re)construir e fazer circular gravações antigas e memórias da TV. Como referencial teórico, são utilizados os conceitos de midiatização e circulação, além de discorrer sobre as reconfigurações da memória coletiva em tempos de mídias digitais. As reflexões são ilustradas através de um estudo de caso (YIN, 2001) no canal Pedro Janov, somado ao uso da técnica da observação encoberta não-participativa (JOHNSON, 2010). A compreensão do processo está delimitada à observação de como o canal Pedro Janov resgata e compartilha conteúdos na plataforma. Também são identificados os três vídeos mais populares que circulam na página. O artigo conclui que o canal estudado se firma como um repositório online, que abriga variado leque de arquivos da televisão brasileira, considerados raros, contudo, o processo de recuperação das memórias só se efetiva com as práticas de circulação e reapropriação promovidas pelo público.
Rejection at the Frontier and Human Rights – the UN Treaty Bodies and European Practice
Authors: Reeh Greta
Published: August 2022

The principle of non-refoulement is often described as the cornerstone of refugee law. It prohibits States from expelling people from their territories to States where their life or freedom would be threatened. The principle of non- refoulement is, however, not only enshrined in refugee law. The United Nations Human Rights Treaty Body System has developed a protection from refoulement that is considerably broader than the protection granted under international refugee law. It is also broader than the human rights protection provided by the ECtHR. This article will show that the UN Treaty Bodies’ approach to the principle of non-refoulement gives a much clearer framework for rejections of migrants at a State’s frontier.
MANAJEMEN PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN MENENGAH (Telaah Konseptual Kurikulum Pendidikan Menengah yang Mencerahkan)
Authors: UIN Saifudin
Published: August 2022

Model pengembangan kurikulum melalui beberapa tahap diantaranya, pertama, Tahappenguasaan manajemen pengembangan kurikulum; kedua, tahap pemahaman cara pandangkurikulum; ketiga, tahap yang tidak kalah penting adalah penguasaan TQM. Ketiga tahapantersebut harus dimiliki setiap guru dalam rangka inisiatif mengembangkan kurikulum yangkontekstual dengan kehidupan peserta didik dan masyarakat pada umumnya.Kurikulum berorientasi masa depan pendidikan menengah hendaknya diarahkan pada:pertama, integrasi pelajaran bahasa, seni dan olahraga. Karena pelajaran ini mendorong dayakreativitas dan kemampuan diri yang bisa dikembangkan; kedua, Metode pembelajaran bagisiswa pendidikan menengah yang benar adalah lebih banyak porsi untuk dialog dan diskusi;ketiga, Kurikulum tingkat satuan pendidikan sebagai alternatif kurikulum beroerientasi masadepan masih harus dikembangkan oleh pihak sekolah (guru, kepala sekolah, dan komite sekolah)sehingga mengarah kepada akar budaya setempat.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BESARNYA TINGKAT LEVERAGE DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGUNGKAPAN INFORMASI LAPORAN TAHUNAN (DISCLOSURE LEVEL ANNUAL REPORT)
Authors: . Muchtarudin
Published: August 2022

Tingkat leverage mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap tingkat pengungkapan informasilaporan tahunan karena tingkat leverage akan mempengaruhi keputusan investasi investor. Turunnyatingkat leverage akan menurunkan tingkat resiko dan menaikkan kemampuan pengembalian investasiperusahaan. Karena itu perusahaan akan memberikan pengungkapan yang lebih pada item-item yangmempengaruhi tingkat leverage supaya semakin banyak investor yang mengenal dan mengetahuikeadaan perusahaan sehingga semakin banyak investor yang menanamkan modalnya diperusahaantersebut.
Pendekatan Total Quality Management (TQM) dalam Globalisasi Pendidikan
Authors: Saepudin Asep
Published: August 2022

Pendekatan Total Quality Management (TQM) dalam Globalisasi Pendidikan
Memelihara Budaya Mutu pada Era Globalisasi
Authors: Anwar Yusuf
Published: August 2022

Memelihara Budaya Mutu pada Era Globalisasi
Komunikasi dan Partai Politik : Perspektif Budaya Komunikasi Politik
Authors: Suryadi Karim
Published: August 2022

Komunikasi dan Partai Politik : Perspektif Budaya Komunikasi Politik
Front Matter Vol 4 No 1 Tahun 2005
Authors: Setiawan Yana
Published: August 2022

Front Matter Vol 4 No 1 Tahun 2005
Etos Kerja dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Solihin M
Published: August 2022

Etos Kerja dalam Perspektif Islam
Quality Assurance dalam Pendidikan
Authors: Nurdin Diding
Published: August 2022

Quality Assurance dalam Pendidikan
Pengaruh Perilaku Kepemimpinan Terhadap Perilaku Produktif Karyawan Direktorat Sumber Daya Manusia pada Kantor Pusat PT Pos Indonesia (Persero)
Authors: Mulyadi Hari
Published: August 2022

Pengaruh Perilaku Kepemimpinan Terhadap Perilaku Produktif Karyawan Direktorat Sumber Daya Manusia pada Kantor Pusat PT Pos Indonesia (Persero)
Peningkatan Nilai Jasa Pendidikan Melalui Pengembangan Bauran Pemasaran
Authors: Musty Bertha
Published: August 2022

Peningkatan Nilai Jasa Pendidikan Melalui Pengembangan Bauran Pemasaran