bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Workup and Therapeutic Intervention of Hiatal Hernias Discovered as Incidental Findings on Computed Tomography
Authors: Lou Johanna , Kooragayala Keshav , Williams Jennifer , Kalola Ami , Crudeli Connor , Sandilos Georgianna , Butchy Margaret V. , Shersher David D. , Burg Jennifer M.
Published: January 2024

Background

Computed tomography imaging routinely detects incidental findings; most research focuses on malignant findings. However, benign diseases such as hiatal hernia also require identification and follow-up. Natural language algorithms can help identify these non-malignant findings.

Methods

Imaging of adult trauma patients from 2010 to 2020 who underwent CT chest/abdomen/pelvis was evaluated using an open-source natural language processor to query for hiatal hernias. Patients who underwent subsequent imaging, endoscopy, fluoroscopy, or operation were retrospectively reviewed.

Results

1087(10.6%) of 10 299 patients had incidental hiatal hernias: 812 small (74.7%) and 275 moderate/large (25.3%). 224 (20.7%) had subsequent imaging or endoscopic evaluation. Compared to those with small hernias, patients with moderate/large hernias were older (66.3 ± 19.4 vs 79.6 ± 12.6 years, P < .001) and predominantly female (403[49.6%] vs 199[72.4%], P < .001). Moderate/large hernias were not more likely to grow (small vs moderate/large: 13[7.6%] vs 8[15.1%], P = .102). Patients with moderate/large hernias were more likely to have an intervention or referral (small vs moderate/large: 6[3.5%] vs 7[13.2%], P = .008). No patients underwent elective or emergent hernia repair. Three patients had surgical referral; however, only one was seen by a surgeon. One patient death was associated with a large hiatal hernia.

Conclusions

We demonstrate a novel utilization of natural language processing to identify patients with incidental hiatal hernia in a large population, and found a 10.6% incidence with only 1.2%. (13/1087) of these receiving a referral for follow-up. While most incidental hiatal hernias are small, moderate/large and symptomatic hernias have high risk of loss-to-follow-up and need referral pipelines to improve patient outcomes.
Real-World Depression Screening Practices Among Primary Care Providers Across Patient-Level and Provider-Level Characteristics
Authors: Bruni Teryn , Smith Shawna , Quigley Joanna , Koval Elizabeth , LaLonde Leah , Maragakis Alexandros , Kilbourne Amy M. , King Cheryl , Orringer Kelly , Lee Joyce M.
Published: January 2024

This study examined primary care provider (PCP) alignment with guideline-based care for adolescent depression screening and identified factors associated with post-screening responses. A retrospective chart review was conducted across 17 primary care clinics. Logistical regressions were estimated across provider specialties, sociodemographic factors, and patient clinical histories. Significant differences in follow-up and identification of depression were found among patients with more severe depression presentation. Follow-up screening was also more likely to be completed among patients with private insurance and less likely to occur among Black patients. Patients with significant mental health history of a mood concern, history of being prescribed psychotropic medication, were currently on medications at the time of the screening, or had a history of an internal mental health referral had a higher predicted probability of being identified as depressed on the patient problem list.
Attitudes Toward Routine Vaccines and COVID-19 Vaccines Among Parents of Infants and Toddlers in an Urban Safety-Net Setting
Authors: Zimmerman Margaux , Zapata Lesly P. , Bachiller Karla , Devera Jean L. , Hall Taylor A. , Casey Sharon M. , Perkins Rebecca B. , Pierre-Joseph Natalie
Published: January 2024

This study explores attitudes toward diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), influenza, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines among English-speaking and Spanish-speaking parents of infants in a safety-net setting. Parents aged 18 years or older were recruited from outpatient clinics between December 2020 and December 2021. The interviews were then recorded, transcribed, translated, and qualitatively analyzed using the modified grounded theory. Thirty-two individuals participated (18 English-speaking and 14 Spanish-speaking). Almost all supported receiving routine childhood vaccines, DTaP, influenza, and MMR and believed that vaccines promote health. Vaccine concerns differed by each vaccine. Few participants expressed concerns about DTaP and MMR vaccines. Concerns around influenza vaccines often stemmed from personal experience and perceived increased risk of flu-like illnesses. Participants expressed the most concerns related to COVID-19 vaccinations, including age-based immunity of their infants. Based on these findings, future interventions to improve vaccine uptake may focus on benefits common to all vaccines, while addressing vaccine-specific concerns.
Biopolitics and Governmentality During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Authoritarianism in Turkey
Authors: Dişci Zeliha
Published: January 2024

This article aims to show the relationship of Turkish pandemic politics with the concepts of biopolitics and governmentality. It argues that Turkey’s pandemic policy should be considered under the concept of authoritarian governmentality. In this context, the first part of the article theoretically evaluates the relationship between biopolitics and governmentality. The second part shows how Turkey’s COVID-19 policy is related to biopolitics and governmentality. The last part shows how and why biopolitics and governmentality have an authoritarian character in Turkey. In this way, the character of the policy pursued by the Turkish government becomes clear.
‘Associations do not survive here’: Inequality, Mistrust and Obstacles to Collective Action in Oil Palm Growing Communities in Ghana
Authors: Takyiakwaa Dorothy , Tetteh Prince Selorm Kodzo , Asante Kofi Takyi
Published: January 2024

Collective action through farmer-based organisations (FBOs) could potentially improve the livelihoods of smallholder farmers by opening up access to credit and inputs, overcoming market constraints, and reducing transaction costs. However, in the absence of strong or well-functioning farmer associations, the cost of market participation is likely to exacerbate economic hardships and inequalities among smallholders. Based on qualitative data from five oil palm growing communities in southwestern Ghana, we observe a general decline in associational life, driven by a breakdown of trust among farmers. The inability of poorer farmers to meet their collective obligations over time has weakened attempts at collective action and encouraged the emergence of highly individualised economic relations in the local agrarian economy. Under these circumstances, cooperation tends to be limited to small groups of better-off farmers who can afford the cost of cooperation. The result is a vicious cycle in which wealth disparities widen because the cost of participating in livelihood-enhancing collective schemes ends up excluding exactly those who need such schemes the most.
On pfukwa/mhvuko and the Ndau Christian Dilemma: A Case of the United Church of Christ in Zimbabwe (UCCZ)
Authors: Sipeyiye Macloud
Published: January 2024

The article engages with the notion of pfukwa/mhvuko (avenging spirits) among the Ndau Christians using the case study of the United Church of Christ in Zimbabwe (UCCZ). The study was motivated by a recurring question among some members of UCCZ on the phenomenon of the avenging spirits and the plight of the Ndau Christians. The article argues that the Ndau Christian converts are not immune to the effects of the avenging spirits in the metaphysical spaces of the Ndau because of the elaborate notion of collective existence (unthu/ubuntu) that defines the Ndau identity. The article unpacks the notion of pfukwa/mhvuko and its embeddedness in the whole matrix of Ndauness that does not spare the converted Ndau. The article is both a theoretical and empirical qualitative phenomenological enquiry that employs the netnographic research design. It uses the UCCZ WhatsApp social media microblogging site Eya Eya Haiwa Haiwa, to gather data through seminar (group) presentations and discussions. The article utilizes discourse analysis to filter data. It also engages with available relevant literature on the subject. The article uses two theoretical frameworks of unthu/ubuntu, and Goffman’s back and front stage theory to traverse the pfukwa/mhvuko phenomenon among the Ndau. The findings are that the Ndau notion of pfukwa/mhvuko is an existential metaphysical reality among both the Ndau practitioners of indigenous spirituality and Ndau Christians. The study recommends an authentic dialogue between the two spiritualties to build a contextually relevant Christian doctrine of pfukwa/mhvuko. It also raises the challenges that may stifle progress on the recommended trajectory.
Female Labour Force Participation in South Africa
Authors: Dunn Shanaaz , Maharaj Pranitha
Published: January 2024

The study uses data from the 2017 South African National Income and Dynamics Survey (NIDS) to investigate the determinants of female labour force participation in South Africa. The majority of women form part of the female labour force (50.21%). These estimates are similar in urban areas (55.77%) but lower among women in rural areas (40.29%). Age and education emerge as dominant predictors of female labour force participation. A large household size decreased the odds of labour force participation. The results suggest that more needs to be done in terms of encouraging the full economic participation of women.
Determinant of Farmers’ Choice of Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in Rural Areas of Ambo District, Ethiopia
Authors: Fekadu Gutema , Belay Daniel
Published: January 2024

An understanding of the factors that shape farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies is critical to developing adaptation policies. This paper investigates the determinants of the choice of adaptation strategies to climate change using data from farmers in rural areas of Ambo district, Ethiopia. We employed a multinomial logit model to identify the determinants of farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies to climate change. The results indicate that agro-ecology, age, gender, education, household size, active labor force, livestock ownership, credit access, extension service access, farm income, and farmer-to-farmer extension positively influence farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies. On the contrary, distance to the farm and farm size are negatively related to farmers’ choices of adaptation strategies. The following implications are worthy of consideration for improving farmers’ adoption of adaptation options to offset the impact of climate change: investment in the educational system, strengthening the extension service, access to credit facilities, and the provision of recommended agricultural inputs.
Unpacking Caste and Intergenerational Occupational Mobility: A Novel Approach Through Occupational Prestige in West Bengal, India
Authors: Mondal Sandip
Published: January 2024

This research rekindles the examination of occupational mobility through the lens of occupational prestige, contributing significantly to the discourse on intergenerational occupational mobility in West Bengal. Employing robust statistical techniques including conditional probability matrices, ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and structural equation modelling (SEM), the study shows the profound influence of caste on occupational mobility. It found that intergenerational mobility rates significantly differ among caste groups, with the general caste (GC) category consistently displaying higher upwards mobility compared to the other backward classes (OBCs) and scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (SCs/STs). Furthermore, the research highlights caste-based variations in the impact of a son’s educational attainment on the son’s occupational success.
How Caste Shapes the Origin and Transformation of Work and Employment in India
Authors: Sanil Akanksha
Published: January 2024

Studies in social sciences have an extensive literature that deals with caste as a governing social institution and its relevance in India’s socio-political and economic realms. For instance, research on labour segmentation and its linkages with material inequality or economic status has a long history. This article contextualises the history of caste order in India, which recognised the predominant role of occupation and the related socio-economic superiority of work, value and reward. Based on an analytical review of available literature, it suggests that in addition to the debates on the policy of reservations in India, there is an equally pertinent question: Why the direct impact to disintegrate caste-occupational affiliations continues to remain at numerically miniscule levels (central government data) despite an elaborate constitutional mechanism to secure valued positions of formal employment in place?
Upward Mobility Context and Health Outcomes and Behaviors during Transition to Adulthood: The Intersectionality of Race and Sex
Authors: Zang Emma , Tian Melissa
Published: January 2024

This study investigates how upward mobility context affects health during transition to adulthood and its variations by race and sex. Using county-level upward mobility measures and data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we apply propensity score weighting techniques to examine these relationships. Results show that low upward mobility context increases the likelihood of poor self-rated health, obesity, and cigarette use but decreases alcohol consumption probability. Conversely, high upward mobility context raises the likelihood of distress, chronic conditions, and alcohol use but reduces cigarette use likelihood. In low-opportunity settings, Black individuals have lower risks of chronic conditions and cigarette use than White men. In high-opportunity settings, Black women are more likely to experience depression and chronic conditions, and Black men are likelier to smoke than White men. Our findings emphasize the complex link between upward mobility context and health for different racial and sex groups.
Spirituality in debates: Politics, genealogy, and new movements. Introduction
Authors: TONIOL Rodrigo , MOSSIÈRE Geraldine , MONNOT Christophe
Published: January 2024

Spirituality has recently taken on new importance on the religious landscape as well as in popular and secular discourse and in the field of social sciences. As a new religious expression, spirituality often intersects with contemporary concerns. What are the political implications of contemporary spirituality movements that are more than often framed under the guise of individualized and distanced religiosity? To what extend do these religious behaviors involve public and political demands? How can these overall changes – including religious expressions, organizations, and networks – affect our theoretical approaches to the notion of spirituality itself? While these questions have been inquired in some specific studies, no international or comparative perspectives have connected these multiple insights together. This is the aim of this special issue.
Beyond the shadows of trauma: exploring the synergy of emotional intelligence and distress disclosure in Nigerian adolescents’ trauma journey
Authors: Ugwu Lawrence Ejike , Idemudia Erhabor Sunday , Akokuwebe Monica Ewomazino , Onyedibe Maria-Chidi Christiana
Published: January 2024

Although adolescence is a critical period marked by increased vulnerability to trauma, the mechanisms underlying how adolescents cope with such experiences remain underexplored. This study is anchored in Hobfoll’s conservation of resources theory and Porges’ polyvagal theory, which together suggest that emotional intelligence and distress disclosure are critical resources for adolescents coping with trauma and investigated the interplay of distress disclosure in the relationship between emotional intelligence and trauma among secondary school adolescents. A three-wave longitudinal study was conducted with 491 adolescents enrolled in public secondary schools in Enugu State, Nigeria, selected using a two-stage cluster sampling technique. Emotional intelligence, distress disclosure, and trauma symptoms were assessed using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Scale, Distress Disclosure Index, and Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis, and mediation analysis were employed. The results indicated significant negative relationships between emotional intelligence, distress disclosure, and adolescent trauma. Furthermore, the mediation analysis revealed that distress disclosure partially mediated the relationship between the latter two. These findings have practical implications for designing interventions and support systems that foster emotional intelligence and promote distress disclosure among Nigerian adolescents and others exposed to trauma. Future research should explore additional protective factors to enhance the robustness and generalisability of the findings.
Flourishing, religion, and burnout among caregivers working in pediatric palliative care
Authors: Oberholzer Annemarie E. , Doolittle Benjamin R.
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Providers working with children who are dying are especially prone to burnout. The enhancement of human flourishing in providers may mitigate burnout and improve quality of care. However, the relationship between job satisfaction and human flourishing has not been well studied. This project explores factors that promote human flourishing among caregivers working with children in pediatric palliative care in South Africa.

Methods

A convenience sample of caregivers working in pediatric palliative care were invited to complete an anonymous, confidential survey . The survey also included open-ended questions to explore opinions and attitudes about job satisfaction, struggles, and coping.

Results

Twenty-nine people from a variety of occupations and work environments completed the survey. The prevalence of burnout was 3/29 (10%). Life satisfaction (an indicator of flourishing) was associated with private religious activities ( r = .38, P < .05), and carrying religion into all aspects of life ( r = .44, P < .05). Burnout was not associated with life satisfaction, although power was limited. Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions revealed the following themes as factors contributing to satisfaction at work (flourishing): being able to make a difference, finding meaning and purpose, having a relationship with the children and their families, and working within the context of a multi-disciplinary team. A number of challenges to this work were also identified, including lack of resources, problems within the team, and the emotional demands of care.

Conclusions

Despite job stress and the difficult work of caring for terminally ill children, several factors were associated with flourishing. These findings may help to enhance the flourishing of caregivers in the resource-challenged setting of pediatric palliative care in South Africa.
Reserve Soldiers as Transmigrants—Two Decades On: A Research Note
Authors: Ben Ari Eyal , Lomsky-Feder Edna , Gazit Nir
Published: January 2024

The choice of our article—Reserve Soldiers as Transmigrants—for the 50th anniversary of Armed Forces & Society special issue indicates heightened interest in reserve forces and recognition of their organizational and social uniqueness. At base of our previous publications was an implicit assumption that reservists belong to diverse and representative social and cultural groups. In other words, we did not explicitly address the issues of the social distribution of reservists. In this short piece, we turn that assumption into a variable so that the key questions that arise for further research are “Who serves in the reserves?” and “What are the implications of the social distribution of reservists?” While these questions have been addressed in regard to conscripts and regulars, there is a dearth of relevant studies on reserves. We suggest that this line of analysis further illuminates the complexity of contracts and dynamics between reservists, the military, and the state.
Age, Maternity, and Allusion: Elizabeth and Other Mothers
Authors: Newberry Julie
Published: January 2024

This article explores how intertextual analysis of New Testament (NT) narratives’ engagement with the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible (OT/HB) might be fruitfully integrated with intersectional analysis of characters’ embodied lives in communities. Taking Elizabeth’s characterization in Luke 1 as a test case, I demonstrate that intersectional analysis not only deepens the insights arising from intertextual analysis but also sheds light on Luke 1’s relevance to ongoing issues of conflict and marginalization today. Intersectional-intertextual analysis thus proves particularly useful for those exegetes interested in practical theological—including specifically justice-oriented—interpretation. At the same time, as will be illustrated in relation to Luke 1’s early reception history, intertextual analysis can lessen the danger that contemporary contexts will distortively overdetermine intersectional analysis, mitigating a hermeneutical objection sometimes raised against interpretations that attend to justice concerns and other expressions of practical theology.
A Case of Oropharyngeal Syphilis
Authors: Sun Linan , Yin Xingping , Lu Xiaojun , Zhou Mingyu , Ji Wenjun , Liu Wei
Published: January 2024

We present a case of a 50-year-old male who complained of a sore throat persisting for 2 months. Upon physical examination, multiple mucous patches were observed in the oropharynx region, but no skin lesions were found. Fiberoptic laryngoscopy confirmed these findings. The Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test and toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST) were positive with a titer of TRUST 1:64. The patient admitted to engaging in extramarital sexual activities with several females but no males. Based on the clinical manifestations and laboratory test results, a diagnosis of secondary syphilis of the oropharynx was established. He was treated with 2.4 million units of benzathine penicillin G by intramuscular injection once a week for 3 weeks. After 1 month, the lesions completely disappeared without any symptoms. The titer of TRUST reduced to 1:2 in 1-year follow-up. This report aims to enhance physicians’ understanding and recognition of oropharyngeal syphilis, enabling timely diagnosis and effective management.
Cartilage-Perichondrium Myringoplasty for Managing Intratympanic Membrane Cholesteatomas With Chronic Otitis Media in Adults
Authors: Lou Zhengcai , Lou Zihan , Chen Zhengnong
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study evaluated the surgical outcomes and complications of the endoscopic cartilage-perichondrium graft technique for treating intratympanic membrane cholesteatomas (ITMCs) with tympanic membrane (TM) perforation or an atrophic TM in adults. Methods and Materials: Clinical data on 11 adult ITMCs were analyzed retrospectively. The graft success and cholesteatoma recurrence were evaluated 12 months postoperatively. Results: Of the 11 patients with ITMC, TM perforation had occurred in 2 (18.2%) and an atrophic TM or TM scar healing occurred in 9 (81.8%). In endoscopy, keratin debris accumulation was seen at the superior edge of the perforation or atrophic TM. Computed tomography revealed that the cholesteatoma was confined to the TM. Intraoperatively, the epithelial invasion of the cholesteatoma was limited to the fibrous layer within the TM. Cartilage-perichondrium grafting was performed after removing the cholesteatoma. All the grafts were successful, and the perforations achieved complete closure by the final 12 month follow-up. Endoscopy revealed no recurrent cholesteatoma. Of the 9 patients with preoperative tinnitus, the tinnitus disappeared in 3 (33.3%), was relieved in 4 (44.4%), and was unchanged in 2 (22.2%). Of the 7 patients with an ear fullness preoperatively, the ear fullness disappeared in 6 (85.7%) and was relieved in 1 (14.3%). The mean air-bone gap improved from 28.6 dB preoperatively to 16.2 dB postoperatively. Conclusions: Endoscopic complete excision of an ITMC and cartilage-perichondrium graft without raising a tympanomeatal flap can lead to successful graft intake and improve the symptoms for the patients with ITMC combined with perforation or atrophic TM.
Perspectives of Behavior Analysts and Mental Health Specialists on Collaborating to Support Students with Intensive Intervention Needs
Authors: Pollack Marney S. , Lloyd Blair P. , Crowell Gabrielle E. , Santini Matthew A. , Biggs Elizabeth E.
Published: January 2024

Interdisciplinary collaboration is critical to address the multiple and varied needs of students with social/emotional and behavioral (SEB) challenges. Yet little is known about the nature of collaboration between two specialist groups who commonly support them: behavior analysts and mental health specialists. Considering expectations for collaboration, and the potential challenges unique to this partnership, we conducted a series of interviews in the U.S. state of Tennessee to explore these specialists’ experiences and perspectives around collaboration. We used a qualitative description approach, which led to identifying themes related to (a) specialists’ preparation to collaborate, (b) facilitators and barriers to effective collaboration, and (c) supports needed to collaborate more effectively in their current roles. Specialists from both groups felt their pre-service training inadequately prepared them to collaborate with one another. They identified several factors that impacted their ability to meaningfully collaborate and expressed needs for cross-discipline education, collaborative conversations, and training on “soft skills” to partner more effectively. We highlight distinct and overlapping perspectives within and across themes between behavior analysts and mental health specialists and discuss implications for improving the quality of these important partnerships.
Experiences of healthcare practitioners providing nutrition care to people with cancer in New Zealand: A qualitative study
Authors: Peniamina Rana , McLean Rachael Mira
Published: January 2024

Aim: To explore the perspectives and experiences of healthcare practitioners in providing nutrition care to people with cancer in New Zealand. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 New Zealand healthcare professionals (HCPs) practicing in specialist secondary and tertiary cancer care (both public and private) who had previously completed an online survey about nutrition in cancer care. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis was undertaken. Results: Participants identified nutrition as important in cancer care, from diagnosis to survivorship, in order to maximise recovery and ongoing health. While participants reported that the best person to provide high-quality individualised nutrition care is a dietitian, other HCPs also have a role in nutrition care. Limited nutrition care is currently available, especially for those in rural areas, which impacts health and equity in cancer care. Participants identified a need for increased dietitian capacity in the workforce as well as a need for nutrition resources that were accessible and appropriate. Conclusion: The perspective of participants was that more must be done to provide nutrition care as part of cancer care in New Zealand to improve health and wellbeing among people with cancer.
Alimentation and nutrition applied to the new fitness disciplines in Italian gym
Authors: D’Angelo Alisia , Assogna Valentina , Matarazzo Alessio , Franceschelli Sara , Speranza Lorenza , D’Anastasio Ruggero , Fondi Antonella , Ripari Patrizio
Published: January 2024

Background: The energy balance between inputs and outputs is essential to avoid a reduction in performance, recovery difficulties, hormonal problems, an increased risk of fatigue, injuries and illnesses. Aim: The purpose of the study is to evaluate whether the energy intake assumed by non-professional sportsmen of the new fitness disciplines on the basis of the guidelines present in the literature, meets the needs required by their sporting activity. Methods: The sample consist of 20 non-competitive adult sportsmen (n.10 females; n.10 males) that were voluntarily enrolled in a gym, belonging to the various fitness disciplines: bodybuilders ( n  =  2); calisthenics ( n  =  3); crossfitters ( n  =  15). The subjects underwent an anamnestic-nutritional interview and used a photographic atlas to estimate the energy intake in the training day (in terms of macronutrients, micronutrients and H2O). Results: The results of the study reported: a lower energy intake, the breakdown of macronutrients was suitable for the nutritional indications reported by bibliographic sources, with the exception for protein intake that was higher than the other macronutrients; a lower intake of fibers, mono/polyunsaturated fatty acids; an higher intake of simple sugars, proteins and H2O, and by a normal parameters of carbohydrates, fats and saturated fatty acids. Conclusions: Generally the study has shown that the sample energy intake is extremely low in the training day. Therefore, it is useful to educate sportsmen, coaches and families in order to avoid deficiencies/excess of calories and nutrients which may not be functional for the sporting activity performed.
Extending Layton's Marketing Systems for Future Transformation - Deepening Connections Between Marketing and Provisioning Systems: A Case-Based Approach
Authors: Renton Michelle , Hooper Val , Renton Andrew
Published: January 2024

Using an historical analysis approach, this paper deepens understanding of the connections between Layton and Domegan's (2021) prescriptive supply systems and the emerging concept of provisioning systems (O’Neill et al. 2018 and Fanning, O’Neill, and Büchs 2020). The paper deconstructs New Zealand's electricity supply system into its provisioning system elements and analyses the interrelationships and interconnections between technologies and institutional elements. The paper concludes with recommendations to marketing scholars using provisioning system analysis.
DIY-PIV system for Poiseuille flow investigation in undergraduate fluid mechanics course
Authors: Brazhenko Volodymyr , Mochalin Ievgen , Cai Jiancheng
Published: January 2024

Fluid flow visualization techniques are becoming more widespread every year due to the availability of lasers, high-speed cameras, and the development of a large amount of image processing software. Nowadays, one of the most popular methods of flow optical visualization is particle image velocimetry (PIV). PIV is an innovative way to measure and analyze fluid characteristics, giving students a more in-depth understanding of how fluids move. This paper is focused on using low-cost components and free software to implement PIV for Poiseuille flow investigation in an undergraduate fluid mechanics course. The introduction discusses how PIV is being used as a complementary method in educational institutions, highlights the high cost of equipment to implement PIV, and gives examples of low-cost do-it-yourself (DIY)-PIV systems. The following sections present the theoretical background, descriptions of the DIY-PIV experimental setup, and plan of the investigation for the Poiseuille flow analysis. A brief overview of free image processing software for the PIV implementation is also provided. The last section presents the results of the Poiseuille flow study and analyzes the measurement quality using the created DIY-PIV system. The present experimental investigation covers topics and reinforces skills related to concepts: laminar flow, Poiseuille flow (velocity distribution, maximum and average velocity), Reynolds number, and measurement error.
Medium-term wind power forecasting using reduced principal component analysis based random forest model
Authors: Jamii Jannet , Trabelsi Mohamed , Mansouri Majdi , Kouadri Abdelmalek , Mimouni Mohamed Faouzi , Nounou Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Due to its dependence on weather conditions, wind power (WP) forecasting has become a challenge for grid operators. Indeed, the dispatcher needs to predict the WP generation to apply the appropriate energy management strategies. To achieve an accurate WP forecasting, it is important to choose the appropriate input data (weather data). To this end, a medium-term wind power forecasting using reduced principal component analysis (RKPCA) based Random Forest Model is proposed in this paper. Two-stage WP forecasting model is developed. In the first stage, a Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) and reduced KPCA (RKPCA)-based data pre-processing techniques are applied to select and extract the important input data features (wind speed, wind direction, temperature, pressure, and relative humidity). The main idea behind the RKPCA technique is to use Euclidean distance for reducing the number of observations in the training data set to overcome the problem of computation time and storage costs of the conventional KPCA in the feature extraction phase. In the second stage, a Random Forest (RF) algorithm is proposed to predict the WP for medium-term. To evaluate the performance of the proposed RKPCA-RF technique it has been applied to data extracted from NOAA’S Surface Radiation (SURFRAD) network at Bondville station, located in USA. The presented results show that the proposed RKPCA-RF technique achieved more accurate results than the state-of-the-art methodologies in terms of RMSE (0.09), MAE (0.23), and R2 (0.85). In addition, the proposed technique achieved the lowest overall computation time (CPU).
Acute Sport-Related Concussion Management and Return to Sport Time in High School Athletes
Authors: Bretzin Abigail C. , Zynda Aaron J. , Pollard-McGrandy Alyssa M. , Wiebe Douglas J. , Covassin Tracey
Published: January 2024

Background:

The current evidence for acute management practices of sport-related concussion (SRC) is often limited to in-clinic visits, with limited studies identifying professionals in early SRC care and the association with prolonged recovery outcomes.

Purpose:

To describe acute SRC management practices (ie, the personnel in the initial evaluations, removal from activity) and test the association with prolonged return to sport (RTS) time.

Study Design:

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 17,081 high school SRCs accrued between the 2015-2016 and 2020-2021 academic years. We reported acute management practices and RTS time as frequencies stratified by sex, sport, and event type and compared athletic trainer (AT) access in initial evaluation with chi-square tests ( P < .05). Separate logistic regressions estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for removal from activity and prolonged RTS >21 days by acute management practices.

Results:

Most SRCs (n = 12,311 [72.1%]) had complete initial evaluation by an AT. Boys had an AT evaluation in 75.5% (n = 2860/3787) of practice-related and 74.8% (n = 5551/7423) of competition-related events. Girls had an AT evaluation in 61.3% (n = 1294/2110) of practice-related and 69.3% (n = 2606/3761) of competition-related events. In sex-comparable sports (n = 6501), there was no difference between boys (n = 1654/2455 [67.4%]) and girls (n = 2779/4046 [68.7%]) having an AT involved in the first evaluation (χ2 = 1.21; P = .27). Notably, 25.3% of girls’ SRCs were evaluated by a coach alone, and we observed differences in personnel in initial evaluations by sport. The odds of immediate removal were higher when an AT made the initial evaluation (OR, 2.8 [95% CI, 2.54-3.08]). The odds of prolonged RTS >21 days was lower for those with an AT in the initial evaluation (OR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.65-0.84]) adjusting for significant factors from univariate analyses, boys relative to girls (OR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.76-0.96]), specialty care relative to PCP (OR, 2.16 [95% CI, 1.90-2.46]), specialty care relative to urgent or ready care (OR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.82-1.22]) concussion history (OR, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.22-1.63]), and removal from activity (OR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.78-1.05]).

Conclusion:

This study found variability in personnel involved in initial SRC evaluations, with higher percentages of athletes with SRCs having ATs make the initial evaluation during competitive events. There was no association between sex and AT involvement in comparable sports. There was an association between prolonged RTS and AT involvement, sex, concussion history, and location of follow-up care.
Metaphors and practices of translation in anglophone anthropology
Authors: Gibb Robert
Published: January 2024

This article argues that while translation as a metaphor was prominent in anglophone anthropology for most of the second half of the 20th century, the practices of interlingual translation that are often central to the production and circulation of disciplinary knowledge have tended to attract much less attention. The first main section begins by briefly reviewing debates about the idea that anthropology crucially involves ‘the translation of culture’ or ‘cultural translation’. This use of translation as a metaphor to characterize the discipline emerged within both UK and US anthropology in the 1950s, but subsequently became subject to sustained criticism. The focus of the article then shifts in the second and third sections to practices of translation in, respectively, anthropological fieldwork and the international circulation of anthropological texts. More specifically, it examines the difficulties associated with interlingual translation in fieldwork and ethnographic writing; the hidden or invisible ‘translation work’ undertaken in the past by the assistants and spouses of ethnographers; and the translation of anthropological work into other languages. The article concludes by calling on more anthropologists to publish detailed accounts of their own translation practices, arguing that in so doing they will be able to draw on valuable historical antecedents from within the discipline, important collections of anthropological reflections on translation that have appeared over the past 30 years, as well as on relevant work by translation studies scholars and sociologists of translation.
Mercantile networks and the export of antiquities from Egypt in the mid nineteenth century: A case study of Menkaure's sarcophagus and the Beatrice
Authors: Nielsen Nicky
Published: January 2024

The export of antiquities from Egypt to the United Kingdom during the mid nineteenth century required an extensive network of cultural, diplomatic and mercantile actors, including private shipowners. While much previous research has focused on the political stakeholders in the process, as well as the archaeologists conducting excavations in Egypt, the attempted export of Menkaure's sarcophagus from Giza to the British Museum in 1838 allows for a closer examination of one of the private shipowners who was involved in this process – namely, Captain Richard Mayle Whichelo of the merchant vessel Beatrice. This article investigates the diplomatic processes that were required for the export of the sarcophagus and provides an overview of the history of the Beatrice and of Captain Whichelo, placing this within the broader context of the transport of antiquities during the nineteenth century.
A serial Mediation Model of Depression and Drinking Motives Underlying Problem Drinking Among Hispanic College Women Following Rape
Authors: Hirai Michiyo , Vernon Laura L. , Dials Andrew E.
Published: January 2024

Problem drinking and depression are common following sexual assault. The current study applied a coping motives model of drinking and examined the association between rape experiences and problem drinking serially mediated by depression symptoms and coping-depression drinking motives among Hispanic college women. A total of 330 college women were classified into a single rape experience (SGL) group ( n = 44), a multiple rape experiences (MLT) group ( n = 70), and a no sexual assault experience group ( n = 221). Participants completed self-report measures online. Serial mediation analyses with multi-categorical predictors found that significantly increased alcohol consumptions in rape survivors compared to individuals with no sexual assault experience were largely explained by the serially connected underlying mechanisms of depression symptoms and coping-depression drinking motives. The prevalence rates of rape experiences in this Hispanic female sample are alarming, suggesting Hispanic college women as a particularly vulnerable group for rape. The current results contribute to a greater understanding of the effects of rape experiences on behavioral and emotional outcomes among young Hispanic women who have been underrepresented in sexual victimization research. The findings emphasize the importance of assessing depression symptoms and coping-depression drinking motives in Hispanic rape survivors to reduce risks for hazardous drinking behavior.
Forum: The Case for Reflexive Writing Practices in Management Communication and Organization Studies
Authors: Lehman Iga Maria , Tienari Janne , Hyland Ken , Alejandro Audrey
Published: January 2024

Following criticism about the quality of writing in management communication and organization studies, this Forum presents arguments for change in how scholarly knowledge is communicated. The expectation today seems to be that, to get published, academic writing requires monologic and complex ways of expression. However, using formulaic and reader-exclusive language in publications limits their accessibility to a wider readership, including not only more diverse members of the disciplinary community—such as non-Anglophone scholars and junior researchers—but also those we study and write about. In our respective contributions, we argue for more meaningful communication between writers and readers achieved through writers adopting reflexive practices when crafting their texts for publication. Specifically, we suggest considering reflexivity through the following concepts: conformity and individuality, socialization, tenderness, and respect. These, we argue, help make our academic writing more accessible and meaningful.
From equality to equity: A case study of Creative Shift’s ‘the leader within Women+ of Colour Leadership Programme’
Authors: Ghani Atif Mohammed , Read Tessa
Published: January 2024

In this case study, we focus on a particular University of the Arts London positive action intervention, the Women+ of Colour in Leadership Programme (W+CinL) developed by Creative Shift. The case study explores how taking a more equitable, asset-based approach supports the retention, attainment, and employability of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) and self-defined female + students. The programme can be seen as an example of an asset-based model which recognises the inherent value and life wide experience that students bring to their learning. By shifting from equality towards equity, this approach recognises histories of injustice and intersectional disadvantage to disrupt and transform systems of oppression. From the case study, we acknowledge the potential Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have to reshape support for marginalised students through a broader range of initiatives that facilitate the move to a more equitable and diverse creative economy.
Modelling and simulation of suspension system based on topological structure
Authors: Ren Jiangpeng , Zhang Huijie , Hao Huirong , Zhou Dong , Wang Jiawei , Zhao Wenchao
Published: January 2024

The traditional approach of longitudinal cutting in suspension system simplification introduces redundant degrees of freedom, leading to increased system errors. This study focused on a seven degrees of freedom (7DOF) car model and constructed a suspension system topology model based on an across-cutting approach. To emulate road surface excitation, the filtered white noise method was employed. MATLAB/Simulink was used to create simulation models for the across-cutting, traditional longitudinal cutting and the whole car structure. Comparative analysis of these three topologies was conducted in both the time and frequency domains. Simulation results demonstrated that the performance curve of the across-cutting simplified suspension system closely matched that of the whole car model, validating the accuracy of the proposed across-cutting topology. Furthermore, when compared to traditional longitudinal cutting, the across-cutting simplification method reduced the natural frequency error of body pitch vibration by 25% and decreased the root mean square error of body acceleration by 27%. The suspension topology based on across-cutting more closely resembled the actual car structure, offering a theoretical foundation for enhancing overall ride comfort in automobiles.
Coordinated control of path tracking and yaw stability for distributed drive electric vehicle based on AMPC and DYC
Authors: Wu Dongmei , Guan Yuying , Xia Xin , Du Changqing , Yan Fuwu , Li Yang , Hua Min , Liu Wei
Published: January 2024

Maintaining both path-tracking accuracy and yaw stability of distributed drive electric vehicles (DDEVs) under various driving conditions presents a significant challenge in the field of vehicle control. To address this limitation, a coordinated control strategy that integrates adaptive model predictive control (AMPC) path-tracking control and direct yaw moment control (DYC) is proposed for DDEVs. The proposed strategy, inspired by a hierarchical framework, is coordinated by the upper layer of path-tracking control and the lower layer of direct yaw moment control. Based on the linear time-varying model predictive control (LTV MPC) algorithm, the effects of prediction horizon and weight coefficients on the path-tracking accuracy and yaw stability of the vehicle are compared and analyzed first. According to the aforementioned analysis, an AMPC path-tracking controller with variable prediction horizon and weight coefficients is designed considering the change of vehicle speed in the upper layer. The lower layer involves DYC based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) technique. Specifically, the intervention rule of DYC is determined by the threshold of the yaw rate error and the phase diagram of the sideslip angle. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed coordinated control strategy under different driving conditions. The results show that, under variable speed and low adhesion conditions, the vehicle yaw stability and path-tracking accuracy have been improved by 21.58% and 14.43%, respectively, compared to AMPC. Similarly, under high speed and low adhesion conditions, the vehicle yaw stability and path-tracking accuracy have been improved by 44.30% and 14.25%, respectively, compared to the coordination of LTV MPC and DYC. The results indicate that the proposed adaptive path-tracking controller is effective across different speeds. Furthermore, the proposed coordinated control strategy successfully enhances the vehicle stability while maintaining good path-tracking accuracy even under extreme conditions.