bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Climate Change Projections in Jammu and Kashmir under A1B, A2 & B2 Scenarios”
Authors: Pandit Dr. Bashir Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Global Climate Model (GCM) run at a coarse spatial resolution cannot be directly used for climate impact studies. Downscaling is required to extract the sub-grid and local scale information. The present study was undertaken to study the effect of climate change on weather parameters like maximum temperature, minimum temperature and precipitation for A1B, A2 and B2 scenarios. The study uses the Hadley centre coupled model (HadCM3) of the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) Forth Assessment Report. Thirty year weather data (1985-2015) obtained form Indian Metrological Department (IMD) Srinagar was used for the study. Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM), R software and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models were tested for the Srinagar area. This research investigates which among the three is better model for downscaling climate data for Srinagar area. The modelling results showed a first rate agreement between the experimental data and predicted values for temperature series with high coefficient of determination R2 values varying from (0.93-0.95) for different models. In case of precipitation R2 values varied from (0.08-0.249) for different models. The low values of coefficient of determination in precipitation time series are due to lot of uncertainty. occurrence of precipitation which could not be defined by the selected models. Based on Mean squared error (MSE), Root mean squared error (RMSE), Absolute average deviation (AAD), correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination, the R software performed better than the SDSM and ANN for maximum temperature, minimum temperature & precipitation. Thus R software was used for climate scenario generation. According to our simulated model, precipitation showed a decreasing trend whereas maximum and minimum temperatures showed an increasing trend. An overall increasing pattern of (9.81%) for A1B scenario, (15.24%) for A2 scenario & (10.32%) for B2 scenario for maximum temperature, (2.18%) for A1B scenario, (29.15%) for A2 scenario & (19.90%) for B2 scenario for minimum temperature and an overall decreasing pattern (22.60%) for A1B scenario, (17.23%) for A2 scenario & (7.11%) for B2 scenario for precipitation was noted
MİNYONLAR VE GÜÇ İSTENCİ
Authors: Başak Nagihan İbadet
Published: January 2024

Bir yere ait olamama ve yersiz-yurtsuz kalma korkusu yaşayan Minyonlar, topluluklarına huzur ve refah alanı oluşturmak için güçlü bir lidere ihtiyaçları olduklarının farkına varmışlardır. Topluluklarını bir arada tutabilmek ve sistemli bir hakimiyet altına girebilmek için güçlü bir lider arayışına girmişlerdir. Kendilerine seçmiş oldukları iktidar sayesinde topluluklarının dağılmasının engelleneceği inancını taşıyan minyonlar, aynı zamanda topluluklarına karşı sahip oldukları aidiyet duygusunu muhafaza edebilmek ve toplumsal birlikteliklerini sürdürebilmek için bireyselliklerinden feragat etmişlerdir. Minyonların birlik ve beraberlik halinde yaşama, bir yere ait olma ve fiziki alanın ürettiği tehditlerden korunma istenci, seçmiş oldukları iktidara karşı itaatkâr davranmalarını zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Yönetim kavramının ortaya çıkışı, birçok farklı nedene dayanmış olsa bile esas amacı insani zaafları ve dürtüleri hedef almak olmuştur. Böylece kaybetme korkusu içinde olan Minyonlar, var olan yönetime itaat etmeyi kabullenmişlerdir. Merkezinde sevk ve idare etme gücüne sahip olan yönetim, özünü hissettirebilmek için kendisine itaat eden bireylere ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Minyonlar, topluluklarının yok olmaması için öz benliklerinden vazgeçmenin yanı sıra yönetimdekilerin menfaat beklentisine boyun eğmişlerdir. Tüm bunlara ek olarak, güç ve otorite kavramı arasında sıkı bir ilişkinin varlığından bahsetmek mümkündür. Otorite kişinin yaptırıma uymasını gerekli görmektedir; bu nedenle iktidar sahibi otoritesinin devamlılığını sürdürebilmek için kendisine karşı gelenlere dayatmalar uygulamaktadır. Minyonlar gibi insanların da ihtiyaç duyduğu otorite olgusu insanlık tarihi kadar eski bir konudur. Dolayısıyla günümüze kadar süregelen tarihsel süreçte ve yaşamın her alanında güce ve kudrete dayalı kavramlardan bahsetmek mümkün olmaktadır.
A Study on the Investment Characteristics of Local Development Projects of Public Institutions Relocating Innovative Cities
Authors:   Residential Environment Institute Of Korea, Lim Hong Sang , Ahn Jung Geun , Shin Sang Hwa
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the details and investment scale of regional development projects carried out by public institutions relocating in innovative cities to identify regional characteristics and the cause of regional gaps. To this end, the characteristics of regional development projects were analyzed targeting 63 public institutions that moved to 10 innovative cities nationwide. As a result of the analysis, first, the total investment in regional development projects was cut in the order of public enterprises, quasi-governmental institutions, and other public institutions, and statistically, there were differences between groups. Second, the size of investment in the field of regional industrial development was highly correlated with the sales variable among the size characteristics of public institutions, and the priority purchase of local goods had the highest correlation with the number of employees in all three types of public institutions. In particular, it was analyzed that local talent development projects and resident support projects showed a low correlation with institutional size variables in all types of public institutions. This suggests that the system needs to be improved so that public institutions with larger assets and higher sales can promote investment in the field. Finally, it was analyzed that public institutions that are highly related to regional specialized industries have invested more than local industries and human resources development. This could lead to policy implications that the connection between the work of public institutions and local industries should be considered first when additional public institutions are relocated in the future, and that local government-level industrial promotion policies should be carried out to strengthen the connection between public institutions and regional specialized industries that have completed the relocation.
HIV infection and the gut microbiome
Authors: Khryanin A. A. , Pushkarev E. V. , Bocharova V. K.
Published: January 2024

In this analytical review, the authors present current views on the relationship between the persistence of HIV infection and the gut microbiome in people living with HIV (PLHIV). The study of this issue remains highly relevant for various reasons, because HIV-associated dysbiosis may underlie chronic diseases that persist and progress throughout the entire period of HIV infection, despite the control of viral load achieved with antiretroviral therapy (ART). The identification of close pathogenetic links between intestinal bacteria and HIV-associated diseases contributes to the development of new treatments aimed at changing the intestinal microbiome. It has been demonstrated that the gut microbiome has the potential to influence HIV disease at every stage of the viral life cycle, from infection through AIDS, opening the door for therapeutic interventions targeting the gut microbiome at each of these stages. Modern therapeutic strategies, including ART and agents aimed to normalizing the gut microbiome and reducing systemic chronic inflammation, may influence the existence of the HIV reservoir and thereby provide a cure for HIV infection.
The nature and origin of immunosuppressive disorders
Authors: Boeva E. V. , Rassokhin V. V. , Belyakov N. A. , Simbirtsev A. S.
Published: January 2024

This publication reflects modern ideas about the main aspects of etiology, pathogenesis and the latest achievements of clinical practice in the field of the most common primary and secondary immunodeficiency. The features of laboratory diagnostics of congenital immunodeficiency, risk factors and early clinical guidelines that allow the patient to suspect an immunosuppressive state are considered. Special attention is paid to the problem of secondary immunodeficiency, their prevalence and polyetiology. When covering immunopathogenesis, infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), attention is paid to the multimorbidity of clinical manifestations of HIV-associated immunosuppression and concomitant diseases, the importance of timely administration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its role in the development of immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS). The criteria for the diagnosis of SVI based on their own experience and the opinion of foreign colleagues, the tactics of patient management are presented in detail.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of HIV-infected patients in Ekaterinburg
Authors: Volkova S. B. , Podymova A. S.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To study the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with HIV infection during registration in the period from 2016 to 2020 in the city of Ekaterinburg.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Sverdlovsk Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS, Ekaterinburg. The data of 4222 patients with HIV infection registered in the period from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.

Results and discussion. This study included a large number of patients with HIV infection registered for 5 years, which made it possible to comprehensively assess the portrait of a patient with HIV infection at the present stage, reflecting the demographic and clinical parameters of the cohort. A downward trend in the detection of HIV infection from 2016 to 2020 was noted; reducing the time from the detection of HIV infection to the start of dispensary observation and the appointment of antiretroviral therapy (ART); increase in the proportion of patients of older age groups. The maximum terms of registration were noted in the group of injecting drug users. The proportion of patients with comorbidities is 75–86%, which requires expanding the possibilities for choosing an ART regimen. Most of naïve patients receive «non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NIOT)» and «protease inhibitor (PI) and two NIOT», as a first line treatment, integrase inhibitors account for 6.9%.

Conclusion. Despite the positive dynamics of indicators regarding the start of medical examination and treatment of patients with HIV infection in the period from 2016 to 2020, in order to reduce the time for involving patients, additional research and subsequent interventions are required in the identified gender, age and clinical risk groups, as well as ensuring accessibility modern ART and an increase in the proportion of fixed combinations of ARV drugs in it. The increase in the average age of patients, high polypharmacy and the need to reduce the risk of possible drug interactions argue in favor of the need to increase the proportion of integrase inhibitors.

In order to determine the patient’s responsibility for monitoring and treating their disease, the Federal Law of March 30, 1995 No. 38-FL «On the Prevention of the Spread in the Russian Federation of a Disease Caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)» needs to be brought into line with the Federal Law dated November 21, 2011 No. 323-FL «On the fundamentals of the health of citizens in the Russian Federation».
Medieval urban citizenship in the West in Max Weber’s historical sociology
Authors: Dmitriev T. A.
Published: January 2024

Recent decades in social sciences have been marked by the interest in citizenship as the most important phenomenon of the contemporary world due to its current problems associated with globalization, relations between world centers of power along the North-South and West-East lines and growing migration flows between countries and continents, and also due to the urgent, politically relevant, human rights problems. The search for solutions to these problems has led to debates in both academic circles and wider intellectual public about the extent to which the democratic model of citizenship, which historically developed in the West in modernity, can meet the new global challenges of our time. Although such debates focus on the contemporary issues of citizenship, civil rights and civic identity, they also have an important historical-sociological dimension according to Max Weber’s question formulated about a century ago: what was the universal potential of the democratic idea of citizenship that emerged in the West in the modern era, and what were the premises of this model of citizenship at the previous stages of the Western historical development? Thus, Weber considers the institution of citizenship in the broader context of comparative historical sociology which studies the difference in the paths of historical development of the West and the East. One of the closest predecessors to the modern model of citizenship in the West is medieval urban citizenship. To understand the evolution of pre-modern models of citizenship in Western Europe in the Middle Ages, Weber’s ideas remain essential in the theoretical and heuristic perspective, forming the historical sociology of ancient and medieval citizenship in his works The City and General Economic History . The article presents an attempt to reconstruct the ideal-typical model of medieval urban citizenship in Weber’s interpretation, supplementing it with some necessary materials from other relevant sources.
Interdisciplinary study of the medium-term fertility trend in Latvia (1970-2022)
Authors: Menshikov V. , Kudins J. , Kokarevica A. , Komarova V. , Cizo E.
Published: January 2024

The article aims at identifying the medium-term fertility trend in Latvia. The main research question is whether it is possible in the near future to increase fertility in Latvia, as planned in the “Strategy for the Reproduction of the Nation FAMILY - LATVIA - 2030 (2050)”. The authors conducted the mathematical analysis of fertility in Latvia for the medium-term period of 1970-2022 (53 years), which includes two decades of the so-called “Soviet era” and the period of independence after the collapse of the USSR. The study is based on the available data of the official Latvian statistics on the total fertility rate. The novelty of this interdisciplinary - demographic, economic and sociological - study is determined by the use of mathematical analysis to identify demographic trends, which is not typical for the publications of Latvian and foreign researchers. The study is also based on the theory of economic cycles to identify demographic fertility cycles and their phases in Latvia and to predict fertility rates in Latvia for the near future. Furthermore, the analysis of the sociological surveys data allowed to understand the main reason for the steady - in the medium-term perspective - linear decline in fertility in Latvia. This reason is value changes in the society, in which children are no longer at the center of the life value system of men and especially women in Latvia, i.e., are no longer considered necessary for the realization of their life goals and ambitions. Based on the results of the mathematical analysis of the medium-term fertility trend in Latvia, the authors believe that the decline in fertility in Latvia will continue for several more years before the bottom of the next demographic fertility cycle will be reached (and this bottom will be lower than the previous one, i.e., below 1.22 -1.25), and there will be an upturn in a linearly declining fertility trend. However, even this expected rise will not reach the previous peak; the next peak is likely to be below 1.74. Thus, the desired and even expected by the creators of the “Strategy for the Reproduction of the Nation” increase in fertility in Latvia to the level of 1.77 by 2027 is considered by the authors unattainable.
La literatura como práctica de sí.
Authors: Zorrilla Claudia
Published: January 2024

El motivo de la literatura abandonado por Foucault en los años 70 puede encontrar nuevas posibilidades y resurgir transformado desde una mirada ética que continúa centrándose en el lenguaje. Lenguaje y sujeto no son dos tópicos vertebrales en la reflexión de Foucault, sino un único entramado en el que literatura, desaparición del sujeto y ética se encuentran vinculando diferentes trayectos de un mismo recorrido. El hombre occidental largamente cuestionado en los trabajos foucaultianos aparece junto a otras subjetividades que lo interpelan y hacen pensar en los límites y posibilidades del sujeto. En este sentido, proponemos la literatura como una práctica de subjetivación en la que el lenguaje libera de los límites impuestos, la literatura como práctica ética.
Interactive Hypotheses: Towards a Dialogical Foundation of Surrogate Reasoning
Authors: Redmond Juan , Lopez-Orellana Rodrigo
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper is to propose a logical justification for the process of surrogate reasoning in modeling practice in science. To this end, we understand hypothesis generation as the creation of an interactive, formal dialogue between the model and the target system. In order to describe this idea from a logical point of view, we will rely on the pragmatic approach of Dialogic as the ideal framework to illustrate logical interactions.
Can Machines Think? A Brief Reading of Ethics in Wittgenstein’s Work
Authors: Martínez Zepeda Jean Paul
Published: January 2024

The dynamic development of technology, as well as of AI’s, raises the fundamental question: can machines think? At the beginning of the 20th Century the Austrian philosopher wonders about this problem and analyses it from a logical-philosophical conception which conveys the need to recognize all the elements comprised in the thought-language relationship. An ethical-religious dimension is revealed in certain uses of language. This dimension, which shows the human’s attitude to the world, stems from the human tendency to search for explanations. This attitude does not extend to machines.
Pelanggaran Kode Etik Anggota Polri dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Mujadi Miftachul , Borman M Syahrul
Published: January 2024

This article aims to find out the reasons behind members of the Indonesian National Police in abusing office power by committing acts of corruption and the process of applying sanctions to the code of ethics against members of the Indonesian National Police who commit acts of corruption. This journal uses normative research methods, namely by conducting literature studies through literature and legal norms. The results of this study indicate that the professional code of ethics within the Indonesian National Police cannot be implemented optimally. That until now there are still many violations committed by members of the Indonesian National Police, including acts of corruption which constitute an abuse of office power and violate the professional code of ethics within the Indonesian National Police.
Strategi Bhabinkamtibmas Menanggulangi Tindak Pidana Perjudian Desa Waro di Kecamatan Monta Kabupubaten Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Andriadin Andriadin , Erham Erham , Aman Ma'arij Aman Ma'arij
Published: January 2024

The phenomenon of gambling is considered normal by some people, even this act roots and develops just so, when there is no punishment from any law enforcement, it must become a disease that then destroys life. Gambling in the village of Waro involves children and young people, including the elderly. This condition will trigger the occurrence of disorganization and disintegration in the life of the community. This study examines gambling crimes in the village of Waro and also examines the strategies of gambling crime in the town of Monta in the Bima NTB. The method of research is empirical law research, which studies and examines the law in real terms.  The data used are primary and secondary data, such as results of interviews, documentation, observations, journals, books, previous research, and official documents.  The findings of the research show that, first, the criminal act of gambling in the village of Waro Prefecture in the Monta district of Bima is gambling card remi and gambling ball rolling both when there is a single organ event at night and during the day.  Secondly, the Bhabinkamtibmas strategy is to combat gambling crimes in Waro Village by conducting investigative, preventive, and repressive efforts.
The Family Environment's Impact on Human Values in Progressive Islamic Education
Authors: Suud Sarim Karimullah
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate in depth the influence of the family environment on understanding human values in the context of progressive Islamic education. This study relies on library research involving integrative and comprehensive literature analysis to investigate various literature sources that are relevant to the topic of study. The results of this study stated that the family environment plays a vital role in shaping the understanding of human values in progressive Islamic education. The positive part of the family in conveying these values to children is essential in ensuring that future generations will grow up as individuals who are aware of the importance of humanity, tolerance, and justice in their religion and daily lives. When families integrate these values into everyday interactions and communication, children have a greater chance of internalizing those values and creating more inclusive and equitable individuals in the future.
Tantangan Madrasah Daerah 3T dalam Menghadapi Masyarakat 5.0
Authors: Fahmi Astathi
Published: January 2024

This research aims to describe all the challenges in madrasahs located in 3T areas (Disadvantaged, Frontier and Outermost) in facing social society era 5.0. as well as strategies used to face social society era 5.0. The method used is qualitative in the form of a case study and presented descriptively. The results of this research show that the challenges found in facing social society in the 5.0 era in madrasas located in 3T areas originate from several factors including the madrasa environment or geographic location of an area, educator or teacher factors, and factors originating from students or students. The geographic location of an area influences electricity stability. Challenges that come from teachers or educators come from a lack of insight regarding social society in the 5.0 era, and challenges that come from students, namely students' socio-economics and motivation to accept new things along with the times.
Management of premature end-of-life vehicles in developing countries: Lessons from Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Okoth Selelah , Nyukuri Elvin , Mulwa Richard
Published: January 2024

Premature end-of-life Vehicles (ELVs) are on the rise in Kenya due to an increase in road accidents, as reported by National Transport and Safety Authority. These premature ELVs are poorly managed, frequently found parked in police station yards, garages, and residential estates, posing risks to public health and environment, thus undermining progress toward sustainable development goals. There have been scattered efforts on their management through policies and legislation, such as the Environmental Management and Coordination Act of 1999; the umbrella law on environment,which remains generic and insufficient in effectively addressing premature ELVs. This article presents the findings of a study conducted to assess the existing management mechanisms of premature ELVs in Nairobi City County. The study employed semi-structured questionnaires administered to households (n = 170) and conducted key informant interviews (n = 88) within relevant agencies in the County. The results show that the most common mechanism for handling premature ELVs is their sale to garages for spare parts sourcing (31%), while the least utilized method invloves selling them for recycling (3%). Furthermore, there exists an opportunity to implement circular economy principles in the management of premature ELVs. Consequently, there is a pressing need for government to develop appropriate policies, legal frameworks, and institutional support to effectively manage premature ELVs.
Designing a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm Trained Feedforward Neural Network for Mental Health Disorder Detection
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Delta State University Abraka, Nigeria, Oweimieotu Amanda Enaodona , Edje Abel Efetobore , Akazue, Maureen Ifeanyi , Asuai Clive
Published: January 2024

This research delves into the innovative application of feed-forward neural networks (FNNs) specifically the multi-layer perceptron (MLP). MLP is a flexible algorithm due to its ability to adapt to different real-world problems amongst other features, and this makes it a preferred machine learning algorithm in the early detection of mental health disorders. MLP’s number of layers and the number of neurons per layer changes to accommodate these abilities. MLP was chosen for this work because they can model non-linear relationships found in a dataset as well as the fact that the algorithm is efficient in accuracy detection which is lacking in other types of FNN. This study focused on developing and optimizing MLP architectures to achieve heightened accuracy in identifying mental health disorders. Original dataset that was used comprise 334 rows (datapoints) and 31 columns (features) and Only 27 features were quantifiable. We utilized the first 13 features in the dataset for this research work as too many features will affect the training time. The model performance was evaluated using Accuracy, Precision, F1 Score, Recall, and the results of the model evaluation showed that early detection of mental health disorders is predictable using this type of Feed-forward Neural network, with an Accuracy of 96%, Recall of 80%, F1 Score of 77%, Sensitivity 90%, and Specificity of 88% when compared to previous research with lower accuracy of 81.75% amongst the other result they got for the other parameters. Furthermore, by using widely collected datasets and employing advanced machine learning techniques such as feature importance technique for optimization of the initial result got, this approach contributes significantly to the field of early detection of mental health disorders. Keywords: Mental Health Disorder, Feedforward Neural Network, Machine Learning, Early Detection, Artificial Intelligence
Zastosowanie modelu logitowego do analizy wyników egzaminu
Authors: Dudek Hanna , Dybciak Monika
Published: January 2024

W pracy podjęto próbę wyjaśnienia przyczyn wysokiego udziału ocen negatywnych uzyskanych z egzaminu z ekonometrii na Międzywydziałowym Studium Informatyki i Ekonometrii SGGW. W celu określenia wielkości wpływu czynników objaśniających wynik egzaminu zastosowano model logitowy. Model ten stanowi jeden z rodzajów modeli dwumianowych, w których zmienna objaśniana jest zmienną zerojedynkową. Przedstawiono metody estymacji i weryfikacji modelu logitowego. Podano sposób interpretacji otrzymanych wyników. Na podstawie oszacowanego modelu stwierdzono, że systematyczna praca w ciągu semestru oraz dobry wypoczynek bezpośrednio przed pisaniem pracy egzaminacyjnej zwiększały prawdopodobieństwo zdania otrzymania oceny pozytywnej
Wpływ wyboru skali ekwiwalentności na wyniki w zakresie pomiaru ubóstwa i koncentracji dochodów
Authors: Łukasiewicz Piotr , Koszela Grzegorz , Orłowski Arkadiusz
Published: January 2024

W pracy badamy wpływ wyboru skali ekwiwalentności na wielkość ubóstwa i poziom koncentracji dochodów. Wykorzystujemy indywidualne dane o dochodach gospodarstw domowych z lat 1998-2004. Analizujemy rozkłady dochodów w przeliczeniu na osobę oraz rozkłady dochodów ekwiwalentnych otrzymanych przy zastosowaniu czterech różnych skal. Badamy zmiany w wielkości ubóstwa i poziomie koncentracji w aspekcie statycznym, jak również kierunki zmian zachodzące w czasie
Przykład zastosowania metody odpornej w modelowaniu finansowych szeregów czasowych
Authors: Orwat Agnieszka
Published: January 2024

Założenia, na których opierają się parametryczne metody estymacji dotyczące normalności rozkładu populacji oraz niezależności zmiennych, często nie są spełnione w przypadku danych finansowych. Dlatego istotną kwestią jest stosowanie metod estymacji odpornej (robust estimation) na te założenia, a tym samym na jakość obserwacji. Celem pracy jest implementacja metody odpornej do modelowania szeregu czasowego wartości indeksu giełdowego WIG20 o piętnastominutowej częstotliwości notowań w dniu 13.02.2006. Do szacowania parametrów strukturalnych modelu zastosowano estymatory odporne Welscha
An approach for supporting transparent acid transactions over heterogeneous data stores in microservice architectures
Authors: Nikolic Lazar , Dimitrieski Vladimir , Celikovic Milan
Published: January 2024

Microservice architectures (MSA) are becoming a preferred architectural style for data-driven applications. A transaction within MSA can include remote calls to multiple services, turning it into a distributed transaction. Participating services may have their own data stores running local transactions with varying levels of transactional support and consistency guarantees. Coordinating distributed transactions in such an environment is a key challenge for MSA. The existing approaches are either highly consistent at the expense of scalability or scalable at the expense of consistency. Furthermore, implementing any of them requires architectural and code adaptation. In this article, we present the Service Proxy Transaction Management (SPTM) approach, which offers scalable reads and ACID transactions in MSA. The novelty of this approach is that it is based on intercepting inbound messages to services, rather than having services directly communicate with a transaction manager. As a result, transaction management is completely transparent to services and has little-to-no impact on code or architecture. We provide experimental results showing that SPTM can outperform lock-based approaches by up to a factor of 2, while still providing high consistency without the scaling bottleneck associated with locking.
Comparing semantic graph representations of source code: The case of automatic feedback on programming assignments
Authors: Paiva José , Leal José , Figueira Álvaro
Published: January 2024

Static source code analysis techniques are gaining relevance in automated assessment of programming assignments as they can provide less rigorous evaluation and more comprehensive and formative feedback. These techniques focus on source code aspects rather than requiring effective code execution. To this end, syntactic and semantic information encoded in textual data is typically represented internally as graphs, after parsing and other preprocessing stages. Static automated assessment techniques, therefore, draw inferences from intermediate representations to determine the correctness of a solution and derive feedback. Consequently, achieving the most effective semantic graph representation of source code for the specific task is critical, impacting both techniques? accuracy, outcome, and execution time. This paper aims to provide a thorough comparison of the most widespread semantic graph representations for the automated assessment of programming assignments, including usage examples, facets, and costs for each of these representations. A benchmark has been conducted to assess their cost using the Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) as a baseline. The results demonstrate that the Code Property Graph (CPG) is the most feature-rich representation, but also the largest and most space-consuming (about 33% more than AST).
Impact of Canagliflozin on Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes by Type 2 Diabetes Duration: A Pooled Analysis of the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE Trials
Authors: Tobe Sheldon W. , Mavrakanas Thomas A. , Bajaj Harpreet S. , Levin Adeera , Tangri Navdeep , Slee April , Neuen Brendon L. , Perkovic Vlado , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Rapattoni Wally , Ang Fernando G.
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

The study was undertaken because it was unknown whether the duration of type 2 diabetes modifies the effects of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin on cardiovascular (CV) and kidney outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This post hoc analysis of the Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study (CANVAS) Program (N = 10,142) and Evaluation of the Effects of Canagliflozin on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Diabetic Nephropathy (CREDENCE) trial (N = 4,401) evaluated hazard ratios and 95% CIs using Cox proportional hazards for the effects of canagliflozin on CV and kidney outcomes, including progression and regression of albuminuria over 5-year intervals of disease duration.

RESULTS

Canagliflozin had ranges of benefit across intervals of diabetes duration, with no heterogeneity for major adverse CV events, CV death or heart failure hospitalization, and kidney failure requiring therapy or doubling serum creatinine. Furthermore, canagliflozin reduced albuminuria progression and increased albuminuria regression with no interaction across all diabetes duration subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that earlier treatment with canagliflozin confers consistent cardiorenal benefits to individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Risk Factors that Impact Treatment with Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitors Among Adult Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Nationwide Registry Study
Authors: Vittrup Ida , Thein David , Thomsen Simon Francis , Egeberg Alexander , Thyssen Jacob P.
Published: January 2024

The European Medicines Agency recently limited the use of oral Janus kinase inhibitors in certain patient populations, including those with atopic dermatitis. This cross-sectional study used the Danish national registers and Danish Skin Cohort to assess the prevalence of risk factors that potentially impact choice of treatment with oral Janus kinase inhibitors in adult patients with atopic dermatitis. From the Danish national registers and Danish Skin Cohort, 18,618 and 3,573 adults with atopic dermatitis, respectively, were identified. Half of the patients (49.5%) had, at some point, been registered to have at least 1 risk factor that could impact treatment with oral Janus kinase inhibitors. Non-modifiable risk factors recorded were cancer (5.6%), major adverse cardiovascular events (2.6%), venous thromboembolism (2.0%), smoking history (15.6%), and age ≥ 65 years (12.4%). Among patients ≥ 65 years of age, the mean (standard deviation) number of risk factors were 3 (1.4), and almost half of these patients had, at some point, been registered to have 1 or more non-modifiable risk factors in addition to their age. In conclusion, risk factors that may impact treatment with oral Janus kinase inhibitors were frequent in Danish adults with atopic dermatitis, especially among older individuals. Dermatologists need support and continuously updated long-term safety data when risk-evaluating patients with atopic dermatitis prior to initiation of advanced
Commentary on: Electromagnetic induction for treatment of unspecific back pain: a prospective randomized sham-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Khan Muhammad Uzair , Muhammad Atta , Pereira Felicianus Anthony , Paracha Hafsa
Published: January 2024

Abstract is missing (Commentary)
Numerical investigations of water jet-guided laser cutting of silicon
Authors: Jiao Hui , Liu Qingyuan , Zhang Guanghui , Lin Ze , Zhou Jia , Huang Yuxing , Long Yuhong
Published: January 2024

To investigate the interaction mechanism between a laser, water jet, and substrate, a model is developed to simulate the temperature field evolution and removal process during water jet-guided laser (WJGL) cutting of silicon. The model accounted for the temperature-dependent properties of the silicon absorption coefficient, as well as the physical processes of solid-liquid-gas phase change. A three-dimensional finite volume model of WJGL cutting of silicon is created, incorporating laser energy input, water jet impact-cooling, and silicon phase transition and removal. The volume of fluid (VOF) method is employed to trace the interphase interface and obtain the groove shape. The validity of the model is verified by comparing simulation results with experimental data. The simulation results show that the groove cross section is characterized by a “V” shape. The groove depth nonlinearly increases from 52 to 385 μm with an increasing number of cuts. Additionally, the residual temperature of the silicon substrate rises from 837 to 1345 K as the number of scans increases from 1 to 10. The findings offer valuable insights into WJGL cutting research, specifically shedding light on the intricate details of the laser-water jet-substrate interaction mechanism.
Lord Rama Devotees Algorithm: A New Human-Inspired Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm
Authors: S Gajawada
Published: January 2024

Several Human-Inspired Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms were proposed in literature. But the concept of DevoteesInspired Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms is not yet explored. In this article, Lord Rama Devotees Algorithm (LRDA) is proposed which is a new Devotees-Inspired Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm.
Structural Characteristics of Niaouli Forests, Biodiversity, and Ethnobotanical Importance of the Valuable Species
Authors: IT Ganglo
Published: January 2024

In Benin, forest resources are limited and are in the grip of alarming degradation. In southern Benin, the Niaouli forests (6°40’ to 6°45’ North Lat. and 2°05’ to 2°10’ East Long.) require special attention given their state of degradation leading to loss of biodiversity. In order to contribute to the sustainable management of the forests, our investigations focused on the characterization of the structure, floristic diversity, and forms of use of the valuable species. The data was collected by systematic sampling with rectangular meshes of 100 m × 200 m in square plots of one (01) ha each. In total, seven (07) plots were installed for the determination of dendrometric and biodiversity parameters. The regeneration of the species was counted in quadrats of 100 m² installed on a diagonal of each plot. Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out within local populations, on a sample of 188 people made of heads of peasant households or their representatives, carpenters, traditional healers, and loggers in order to identify valuable species and appraise their ethnobotanical importance. Four valuable species were identified. They were Albizia zygia, Antiaris toxicaria, Ceiba pentandra, and Newbouldia laevis. The diversity parameters showed that the forests of Niaouli are characterized by a low floristic diversity in comparison with the forest ecosystems of southern Benin. The main valuable species of the Niaouli forests were experiencing a regeneration problem likely to hinder their sustainability and sustainable use. Albizia zygia, Antiaris toxicaria, and Ceiba pentandra are used more in the form of wood respectively by 85 %, 50 %, and 75 % of respondents. Newbouldia laevis is used more in the form of an infusion by 33 %, fodder by 21 %, and wood by 21 % of respondents. Respondents cited 58 diseases treated with species from the Niaouli forests. Considering the results obtained, regular reforestation and the introduction of new adapted species must be carried out to increase the biodiversity and ecosystem services of the forests.
Integrating Menstrual Health
Authors: Haider Rehan
Published: January 2024

Menstruation is an herbal and quintessential vicinity of the reproductive cycle; 1/2 of the human populace has or will trip it. Menstrual Health (MH) is a quintessential phase of sexual fitness and rights. Access to Menstrual Health is, In addition, a human appropriate and necessary to public health. MH is fundamental for the fitness well-being mobility, education, monetary empowerment, and dignity of women, girls, and human beings who menstruate. Yet shame, stigma, and misinformation surrounding the menstrual existence cycle undermine the well-being of women, girls, and those who menstruate, making them inclined to gender discrimination, infant marriage, exclusion, violence, poverty, and untreated fitness problems. Enabling women, girls, and those who menstruate to manipulate their menstruation, and, barring shame, let them issue out their dignity, agency, and autonomy and revel in wonderful human rights. It affords them with wishes and manipulation of their bodies and lives 2020 used to be 12 months of pain, pause, and adaptation for billions of human beings spherical in the world. The COVID-19 Pandemic disrupted the fitness shipping machine at a magnitude that ushered in a new world. It, in addition, affected girls’ and women’s administration to manipulate their menstruation and their health. Integrating menstrual health into healthcare systems is crucial, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has disrupted healthcare services, including access to menstrual health products and services, which has disproportionately affected women, girls, and those who menstruate. As a result, there is a need to prioritize and integrate menstrual health into the broader healthcare system to ensure that everyone has access to menstrual health products, information, and services. This integration will help to reduce the stigma surrounding menstruation, improve education on menstrual health, and empower women, girls, and those who menstruate to take control of their menstrual health. It will also help to ensure that menstrual health is recognized as a human right and is incorporated into public health policies and programs.
Socio-Demographic Determinants and Utilization of Social Health Insurance Services among Civil Servants in Bayelsa State
Authors: Azuonwu Goodluck
Published: January 2024

Background: Social health insurance is one of the possible organizational mechanisms for raising and pooling funds to finance health services with a view to improving health and well-being. Socio-demographic factors such as level of education, income status, family size, gender, and other factors all contribute to healthcare utilization. This study assessed the socio-demographic determinants of utilization of social health insurance services among civil servants in Bayelsa State. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was adopted with a population consisting of seven thousand and sixty (7060) civil servants in Bayelsa State. A sample size of 491 was selected using multistage sampling procedure. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and point biserial correlation at 0.05 alpha level. Results: The results of the study showed that the level of utilization of the national health insurance scheme among respondents was high (3.02±0.89). Utilization of social health insurance services had a significant relationship with socio-demographic factors such as gender (n = 491; r = 0.44; p<0.01), household size (n = 491; r = 0.72; p<0.01), educational status (n = 491; r = 0.54; p<0.01) and income status (n = 491; r = 0.50, p<0.01). Conclusion: The socio-demographic determinants of utilization of social health insurance services among civil servants in Bayelsa State were gender, household size, educational status, income status and availability of services. It was concluded among others that the Bayelsa State government should continue to strengthen advocacy programs in support of social health insurance scheme to all the civil servants in the State.
A Case of Erythema Multiforme Associated with Acute Acquired Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Buket Ozay Hatice
Published: January 2024

Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute self-limiting disease that is characterized by target-like lesions and may exhibit cutaneous and mucosal involvement. It is known to be caused most commonly by infections, although several factors have been impeached for etiology. In this manuscript, a case of EM caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, which is a rare agent in etiology, is reported. In the literature, immunocompetent children with CMV infection are known to not admit commonly with cutaneous symptoms. Pediatric CMV infection usually is asymptomatic, although it may also lead to different clinical manifestations. CMV infection should be considered in determining the etiology of EM.
An Infantile Left Amyand Hernia: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Elghazeery Mohamed Ahmed
Published: January 2024

The incidence of incarceration in pediatric inguinal hernia is between 12 to 17% especially during infancy. It may contain small gut, omentum, cecum, appendix, or ovary and uterine tube, and appendix could be incarcerated on the right side (82%) mostly. Hypermobility of cecum which is a triggering factor of Left-sided Amyand’s hernia and an explanation of De Garengeot hernia occurs in 10-20% of population. Herein, a 9-month-infant with a left-sided incarcerated inguinal hernia containing both cecum and appendix was successfully operated through a groin incision. A hypermobile cecum is accused of the left-sided incarcerated Amyand’s hernia. Preservation or removal of the appendix is controversial which depends on the infection or trauma of hernia contents but the definitive repair of hernia is mandatory. Postoperative imaging should be done for exclusion of the possible underlying anomalies as hypermobile cecum, abnormal intestinal rotation, or situs inversus.
Menumbuhkembangkan Karakter Cinta Tanah Air melalui Lomba Kemerdekaan pada Siswa Sanggar Bimbingan IKABA IMABA, Malaysia
Authors: Saputri Pratiwi Yulia , Prayitno Harun Joko , Kusumaningtyas Dian Artha , Syaadah Himatus
Published: January 2024

Pengabdian ini dimaksudkan untuk menggambarkan tentang bagaimana upaya mahasiswa KKN-Dik dan sanggar bimbingan belajar (SBB) IKABA IMABA 1 dalam menumbuhkan karakter cinta tanah air pada anak-anak imigran di Selangor, Malaysia. Metode pelaksanaan dalam pengabdian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan upaya mahasiswa dalam menumbuhkan sikap karakter cinta tanah air melalui lomba perayaan kemerdekaan HUT RI. Teknik penghimpunan data yang dilakukan adalah observasi dan dokumentasi yang bersumber dari data pribadi peneliti. Hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan adanya karakter cinta tanah yang rendah yang dimiliki oleh para anak imigran dengan berbagai faktor pendukung dan penghambat yang menyertai penyebabnya. Oleh karena itu peran mahasiswa KKN-Dik dan Sanggar Bimbingan Belajar IKABA IMABA 1 sangat diperlukan dalam membimbing dan menumbuhkan sikap karakter cinta tanah air (nasionalisme) pada diri anak-anak imigran di Selangor, Malaysia. Antara lain upaya yang dilakukan adalah dengan menyisipkan nilai-nilai kebangsaan atau karakter ke-Indonesia-an ini melalui lomba perayaan kemerdekaan HUT Republik Indonesia. Sikap yang diharapkan setelah adanya lomba kegiatan perayaan kemerdekaan ini anak-anak imigran dapat memiliki sikap atau profil pelajar Pancasila yakni, beriman, bertakwa kepada Tuhan YME, berakhlak mulia, kebhinekaan global, bergotong royong, mandiri, bernalar kritis dan kreatif.