bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemistry and effects of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Meytenus senengalensis (Lam) on Castor-oil Induced Diarrhoea in Albino Rats
Authors: Sanda Kyari Abba , Sandabe Umar Kyari , Bulama Ibrahim , ‎Babakura Mohammed , Madziga Hanna , Chiroma Mbursa , William Arastus , Hussaini Isa Marte
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Meytenus senengalensis (Lam). Ethanol leaf extract was investigated for its phytochemical contents as well as anti-diarrhoea effects. The ethanol leaf extract which is normally used in folkloric medicine was subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening. Graded doses of the extract (200, 400 and 800 mg per kg) were administered orally to the three groups of rats (n = 5) before induction of diarrhoea with castor oil. Another two groups of animals were treated with normal saline (control) and loperamide, a conventional anti-diarrhoea drug respectively. Gastro-intestinal transit of charcoal meal and gastro-intestinal enteropooling with the same graded doses of the ethanol leaf extract were used for comparison. The extract produced a significant inhibition of the castor oil induced diarrhoea. The gastro-intestinal transit of charcoal meal was also reduced by the various graded doses of the extract used in this study. However, the intestinal fluid accumulation was only slightly reduced by 400 mg/kg dose of the extract. The phytochemical analysis of the ethanol leaf extract revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as   carbohydrates, cardenolides, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. The findings suggest that, the ethanol leaf extract of M. senengalensis possesses antidiarrhoeal effect, which could be related to inhibition of gastro-intestinal motility and secretion.
Management of Diffuse Necrotic Cutaneous Wound in a Dog
Authors: Muhammad S. T. , Abdurrahman M. , Avazi D. O. , Usman B. , Emmanuel E. G. , Sulaiman M. H. , Mamman P. H. , Babashani M. , Jahun B. M. , Mohammed B. , Awasum C. A. , Hassan A. Z. , Adawa D. A. Y.
Published: September 2021

A one-year-old male Terrier dog weighing 22 kg was presented to the Ahmadu Bello University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (ABUVTH), Zaria, Nigeria, with complaints of sloughing of the skin and purulent discharges from an injured (sloughed) shoulder. Clinical examination revealed normal vital parameters, extensive necrotized skin on the dorsum extending from loin to the right shoulder and enlarged superficial lymph nodes. Blood and wound swab samples were evaluated in the clinical haematology and Microbiology Laboratories of the ABUVTH, respectively. The Pathology result showed leucocytosis due to neutrophilia and monocytosis. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the wound swab. The wound was managed by wet-to-dry bandaging technique using topical antiseptics (Para-chloroaniline solution, chlorhexidine and povidone iodine), improvised non-adhesive protective membrane (polyethylene) applied at the wound-bandage interface, bandages along with adhesive tape and systemic antibiotics. Healing occurred uneventfully within 6 weeks of the intervention. The paper discusses the detail of the management initiated and how it greatly influenced the skin wound healing in dogs. In conclusion, proper initial assessment of wounds and appropriate treatment through rigorous wound assessment and bandaging are critical to success in the wound healing and restoration of tissue integrity. This management intervention could be further investigated in animals in order to improve the quality of cutaneous wounds management.
Incidence of Aflatoxin B1 in Commercial Poultry Feed and Tissues of Broiler ‎Chickens in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Olatoye O. I. , Aiyedun J. O. , Oludairo O. O.
Published: September 2021

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) belongs to a group of hepatocarcinogenic and hepatotoxic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus found in food or feed products. In this study we analyzed 180 feed of six different brands of commercial poultry feeds from three feed distribution outlets in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria for the occurrence and concentrations of AFB1. In addition, to the transfer of AFB1 to broiler meat from chicken fed for four weeks with one brand of feed associated with the highest AFB1 contamination. The study was carried out between April and June, 2019. The presence/concentration of AFB1 was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) following solid phase extraction of sample and preparation. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in all (100 %) the brands of feed and 48 % of chicken samples tested. The concentration of AFB1 in feed ranged between 10.5 ± 4.0 and 47.78 ± 6.4, while the mean AFB1 residues obtained in chicken muscle, gizzards and liver after four weeks were 0.07 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.05 and 0.13 ± 0.02 μg/kg, respectively. The presence of AFB1 in all the brands of poultry feeds tested in this study and its possible transfer into chicken meat poses food/feed safety and public health concern. There is therefore, the need to screen feed and apply Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point to feed manufacturing, storage and broiler chicken production to prevent aflatoxicosis.
Retrospective Study of Newcastle Disease Cases Diagnosed at the ‎Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammed S. M. , Usman M. A. , Sani N. A. , Idris S. Y. , Wakawa A. M.
Published: September 2021

Newcastle Disease (ND) is a contagious viral disease of birds affecting many domestic and wild avian species. Even though vaccines and vaccination schedules are currently being employed in the prevention of the disease, prevention and control are still a problem in the poultry industry. This study was conducted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), Ahmadu Bello University (A.B.U), Zaria and the aim was to determine the monthly, yearly and seasonal prevalence of ND diagnosed in the Avian Clinic of the VTH, A.B.U., Zaria. Case record files were collected, studied, and clinically diagnosed cases of ND for five years (2014-2018) were extracted. Diagnosis of ND was by history of the case, clinical findings and post mortem lesions observed. Results showed that out of 1,768 cases of poultry presented, 42.6% (754 cases) were confirmed via necropsy findings as ND. The highest number of cases of the disease was in June having a prevalence of 4.98% followed by March with a prevalence of 4.64% and July with a prevalence of 4.47%. The annual prevalence was highest in 2014 (14.82%). The cases of ND were observed to be higher in the pre-rainy season (April to June) with a prevalence of 12.33%. The environmental stress condition of these periods of the year was likely to be the main reason that potentiate and worsen the occurrence of ND at these periods. Also, stress condition suppresses the immune system of birds making them more susceptible to infection leading to an outbreak of disease. It is recommended to administer anti-stress before these periods in order to protect the birds from the disease.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Combination of Artemether and ‎Diminazene Aceturate Therapy in Experimental Trypanosoma brucei ‎Infection in Rats
Authors: Okonkwo E. W. , Anene B. M. , Ihedioha J. I.
Published: September 2021

This study evaluated the efficacy of a combination of artemether and diminazene aceturate therapy in experimental Trypanosoma brucei infection in rats. Thirty five male albino rats used for the study were randomly assigned to seven groups of five rats each as follows: Group A- infected and treated with diminazene aceturate (DA) at 7.0 mg/kg body weight (bw), intramuscular (IM) once on day 7 post-infection (pi); Group B – infected and treated with artemether (ART) at 3.2 mg/kg bw IM on day 7pi and 1.6mg/kg bw IM on days 8,9,10 and 11pi; Groups C,D and E, – infected and treated with DA at 7.0 mg/kg bw IM, 3.5 mg/kg bw IM, and 1.75 mg/kg bw IM respectively, once on day 7pi and ART  at 3.2 mg/kg bw IM on day 7pi plus 1.6mg/kg bw on days 8,9,10 and 11pi; Group F –infected, untreated and Group G – uninfected, untreated. Onset of parasitaemia (OP), level of parasitaemia (LOP), clearance of parasites post treatment, mortality post infection, relapse of parasitaemia post clearance, rectal temperature, and body weight, were determined at specified intervals during the 70-day experimental period. Results showed that there were no significant (p>0.05) variations in the OP and LOP between the infected groups. Trypanosomes were cleared from the blood of rats in group A, C, D, and E after treatment. All the rats in groups B and F were dead by day 14pi. The infection relapsed in groups C and E.  It was concluded that a combination of DA (3.5mg/kg bw once) and ART (3.2 mg/kg bw on day 1 of treatment and 1.6 mg/kg bw for 4 consecutive days) exhibited efficacy comparable to the standard dose of DA at 7mg/kg in the treatment of trypanosome brucei in rats and could thus possibly constitute an effective treatment regimen to reduce the dose of DA and avoid toxicity.
Acute Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis and Sertoli Cell Tumour in an Eleven-‎Year-Old Dachshund Cross-Bred Dog
Authors: Mustapha R. A. , Emmanuel E. G. , Lawal M. , Abdurrahman M. , Umaru-Sule B. , Agbonika S. , Abodunrin A. , Sambo J.
Published: September 2021

An eleven-year-old Dachshund cross-bred dog was presented to the Small Animal Clinic of Ahmadu Bello University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Zaria, with complaints of reduced appetite noticed 2 days earlier, and an enlarged testis was noticed three months prior to presentation. Clinical diagnosis was based on history of reduced appetite and enlarged testis; physical findings such as pyrexia, tick infestation, congested ocular mucous membranes, generalized enlarged superficial lymph nodes, enlargement of the mammary glands, alopecia, atrophy of the right testis and discoloration of the scrotum with large, firm palpable mass; complete blood count revealed slight anaemia (PCV 34 %, neutrophilia (12.88 x 109/L) and presence of band cells (0.32 x 109/L); buffy coat smear  showed the presence of intracytoplasmic morulae in just one monocyte in the peripheral blood smear; Ehrlichia canis antibodies was detected in serum using  Ehrlichia test kit (immunochromatography); serum oestradiol-17β (42.05 pg/mL) and anti- Müllerian hormone (AMH; 25.50 μg/mL) were employed as serum tumour markers; transverse and longitudinal scrotal sonographs revealed diffuse non-homogenous tissues with increase in the echogenicity of the testicles; radiographic findings of thoraco-abdomino-pelvic regions revealed normal organ opacity indicating absence of metastases. Tissue samples were taken from the tumor following surgical excision and submitted for histopathology. The findings were large cytoplasmic vacuoles with slightly irregular nucleoli. It was confirmed to be sertoli cell tumor. The conditions were managed medically, and by surgical excision of the tumour and scrotal ablation. Outcome was successful, and patient started feeding 24 hours after the surgery.
Nasal Adenocarcinoma in a 4-year-old Oriental Shorthair Cat
Authors: Cheah J. S. M. , Okene I. A. , Todd S. E. , Ruaux C.
Published: September 2021

The aim of this case report is to present a case of nasal adenocarcinoma in a young adult cat with underlying feline asthma. A 4-year-old, 2.3 kg, female Oriental Shorthair was referred to Massey University Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a rapidly expanding mass on its left nasal bridge and nasal discharge. Physical examination revealed stertorous respiratory sounds and a mass on the left nasal bridge measuring 3.2cm x 2.5 cm. Computed tomography of the nasal cavity showed mass effect in the left frontal sinus with extensive orbital bone lysis and loss of calvarial bone. Radiographs of the thorax showed possible evidence of metastasis. Fine needle aspirate was performed on the mass and also regional lymph nodes. Subsequently, nasal adenocarcinoma was diagnosed through cytology. Prognosis of the patient was poor as the patient’s condition was significantly complicated by asthma and possible lung metastasis. Palliative treatment was pursued using meloxicam as radiotherapy was not a viable option in this case.
Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Cattle Slaughtered at Maiduguri Central ‎Abattoir, Nigeria
Authors: Lawan F. A. , Ejeh E. F. , Waziri A. , Kwanashie C. N. , Kadima K. B. , Kazeem H. M.
Published: September 2021

Bovine tuberculosis is an important public health and economic disease in Nigeria. This study reports the prevalence of tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered at the central abattoir in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Post mortem examination of 664 cattle carcasses was done at the abattoir for 6 months. The lesions collected were processed by using NALC-NaOH and subjected to acid-fast staining and microscopy. The overall prevalence of tuberculosis based on gross tubercle lesions in cattle slaughtered at Maiduguri abattoir was 62 (9.3%). Female cattle 43 (16.7%) had significantly (p = 0.0001) higher prevalence of tubercle lesions than male cattle 19 (4.7%). Cattle with thin body condition had 44 (21.2%), optimal body condition 16 (5.8%) and overweight cattle 2 (1.1%). There was significant (p = 0.0001) difference between body condition and occurrence of tubercle lesions. Prevalence of tubercle lesions in adult cattle was 29 (17.7%), young adults (25 (7.8%) and calves 8 (4.3%).  Tubercle lesions were most common in thoracic lymph node and lungs than other organs. The prevalence of tuberculosis by Ziehl-Neelsen microscopy was 6.2% (41/664). There was significant (p=0.0001) differences in the prevalence of tuberculosis by Ziehl-Neelsen microscopy and demographic variable except for breeds. Tubercle lesion is endemic in cattle slaughtered in Maiduguri central abattoir. One Health approach is recommended to prevent zoonotic transmission to humans and economic losses among farmers and butchers.
Acute Suppurative Thyroiditis Complicated with Hepatic Degeneration in a ‎Yankassa Sheep: A Postmortem Report
Authors: Yoksa D. T. , Mohzo D. L. , Badau S. J. , Abba Y. , Okoye J. O. A.
Published: September 2021

Suppurative thyroiditis is a rare but potentially fatal bacterial disease. Most bacterial infections of the thyroid gland occur via the pyriform sinus fistulae and by hematogenous spread from systemic bacterial diseases. A 2 year-old Yankasa ewe was presented with complaint of anorexia, weakness and a swelling 4-5cm around the ventral neck region near the larynx. Swelling was identified as abscesses. The cut section of the gland contained a thick creamy purulent exudate from which Staphylococcus aureus was isolated. Microscopically there was necrosis and accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in the thyroid gland. The liver showed fatty degeneration of the hepatocytes. Staphylococcus aureus, a pyogenic bacterium is a normal micro biota but can also be an opportunistic pathogen especially with immunosuppression. Most of the published literature on acute suppurative thyroiditis are related to humans. Hence in this report we present a rare case of thyroiditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus in Ovine species.
Effects of Graded Crude Protein Diet on Haematological Indices and Body ‎Weight of African Giant Rat (Cricetomys gambianus)‎
Authors: Olawuwo O.S. , Olaogun S. C. , Azeez O. I. , Oyewale J. O.
Published: September 2021

The domestication of the African giant rat (AGRs) (Cricetomys gambianus) to compliment the inadequate animal protein supplies in Nigeria and its potential to serve as a model for biomedical research is yet to be fully exploited. This study determines the effects of varied crude protein (CP) diet on haematological indices and body weight of AGRs. Blood samples were obtained from the orbital sinus of 30 apparently healthy adult male and female AGRs. The AGR’s were kept in captivity and divided into 6 rats per group (A, B, C, D and E). Group A served as control group. The groups werefed with graded levels of crude protein (CP) of (E) 9.83%, (D) 14.79%, (A) 21.21%, (C) 23.93% and (B) 27.84%. Each chloroform pre-anaesthetized AGRs were weighed at days 0 and 14, 28, 42 and 56, while blood samples were collected at days 28 and 56. The samples were each analyzed for erythrocyte and leucocyte parameters and platelet counts by standard methods. All data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and student t-test. At 28 days post-feeding, AGRs fed with 27.84% CP showed no significant elevations in erythrocyte and leucocyte values compared with control values (21.21% CP). However, at 56 days post-feeding, RBC, Hb, PCV, total WBC, eosinophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts were significantly lowered in the group fed with 27.84% CP. No significant differences in body weights were observed in rats that were fed 27.84%, 21.21%, 14.8% and 9.8% crude protein diets for 28 and 56 days.This study shows improved body weight with 27.84% CP compared with other crude protein percentage used while 14.79% CP had the best haematological parameters when compared with other crude protein groups.
Effectiveness of Castration with Burdizzo, Calcium Chloride and Olive Oil in ‎Sahel Bucks
Authors: Laku D. , Mohammed A. , Bukar M. M.
Published: September 2021

We evaluated the efficacy of castration with bilateral intratesticular injections of Calcium Chloride Dihydrate (CaCl2) in ethanol, Olive Oil as well as Burdizzo technique in twenty Sahel bucks. The bucks were randomly distributed into four groups as A, B, C and D. Group A served as the control and were given bilateral intratesticular injection of 1.0 ml of normal saline. Bucks in group B were castrated with Burdizzo, while group C and D were given bilateral intra testicular injection of 1.0 ml of CaCl2 and Olive oil, respectively. The sonograms and semen profiles of the bucks were evaluated.The diameters of the testicles and spermatic cords and the semen parameters were measured in real time after castration at days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 60. The diameters in the Burdizzo, CaCl2‎and Olive oil castrated bucks ‎significantly increased (P < 0.05) on days 7 and was decreased at ‎day 60.‎ Semen motility was absent in the bucks castrated with Cacl2 after day 14. The ‎concentration of spermatozoa also decreased significantly on day 7 in all the Burdizzo, CaCl2‎and ‎Olive oil castrated goats. Sonogram of testes castrated with Cacl2 showed discreet focal ‎hyperechoic, surrounded by ‎hypoechoic areas ‎within the parenchyma due to the CaCl2 deposition. The testes of bucks castrated with olive oil were ‎characterized by a central hypoechoic area ‎surrounded by clearly distinguishable hyperechoic ‎areas within the parenchyma. It was concluded that intratesticular injection with Burdizzo, CaCl2and olive oil resulted in successful castration but CaCl2 injection resulted in earlier azoospermia.
Evaluation of low-grade In Vitro Oxidative Stress in Goat Erythrocytes ‎Exposed to Hydrogen Peroxide and Dexamethasone ‎
Authors: Monguno M. B. , Philip E. S. , Uku I. C. , Igbokwe I. O.
Published: September 2021

Under conditions of oxidative stress, erythrocytes of goats could be predisposed to haemolysis. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of oxidant exposure to goat erythrocytes using an in vitro model. Blood samples from 10 goats were incubated with 0.06 – 0.18 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) either singly or in combination with 0.02 µM dexamethasone for 60 min, and erythrocyte parameters such as packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and percentage haemolysis in hypotonic sucrose solution (250 mOsmol/L) were determined thereafter. No significant changes in the mean values of all parameters were observed. The in vitro model indicated that erythrocyte parameters remained stable under low-grade oxidant exposure in goats. Therefore, plasma H2O2 concentration of ≤ 0.18 mM, whether in the presence or absence of 0.02 µM dexamethasone, may not induce apparent oxidative damage in goat erythrocytes that could be estimated by PCV, RBC, MCV and sucrose-based osmotic fragility at low hypotonicity.
Pengaruh Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan Daerah, Penyajian Laporan Keuangan Daerah, Aksesibilitas Laporan Keuangan Daerah, Dan Desentralisasi Fiskal Terhadap Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Dengan Sistem Pengendalian Internal Pemerin
Authors: Mulyanto Mulyanto , Budiman Nita Andriyani , Fahmi Muhammad Nuril
Published: September 2021

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah, penyajian laporan keuangan daerah, aksesibilitas laporan keuangan daerah, dan desentralisasi fiskal terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan daerah dengan sistem pengendalian internal pemerintah sebagai variabel moderating. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai OPD Kabupaten Kudus. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 126 responden. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah dan penyajian laporan keuangan daerah berpengaruh negatif terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan daerah, variabel aksesibilitas laporan keuangan daerah tidak berpengaruh terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan daerah, dan variabel desentralisasi fiskal berpengaruh positif terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan daerah, sedangkan sistem pengendalian internal pemerintah memperkuat hubungan antara sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah dan penyajian laporan keuangan daerah terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan daerah, sistem pengendalian internal pemerintah tidak memoderasi hubungan antara aksesibilitas laporan keuangan daerah terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan daerah, dan sistem pengendalian internal pemerintah memperlemah hubungan antara desentralisasi fiskal terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan daerah.

Kata kunci:Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah, Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan Daerah, Penyajian Laporan Keuangan Daerah, Aksesibilitas Laporan Keuangan Daerah, Desentralisasi Fiskal, Sistem Pengendalian Internal Pemerintah.
MEMBANGUN NIAT PENGUNJUNG UNTUK BERWISATA DI GUNUNG API PURBA NGELANGGERAN GUNUNGKKIDUL
Authors: Dhiastama Rendi Ajib , Udayana IBN , Lukitaningsih Ambar
Published: September 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk, mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan, kualitas informasi, kualitas sistem dan kepercayaan terhadap minat berkunjung di obyek wisata Gunung Api Purba Gunung Kidul, Dengan mengetahui besarannya pengaruh dari variabel yang diteliti, diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi yang baik untuk memberikan strategi dalam peningkatan Minat wisatawan untuk berkunjung. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Accidental Sampling. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, sampel dalam penelitian ini 92 Wisatawan yang berkunjung di Obyek wisata Gunung api Purba. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu, ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan kualitas pelayanan terhadap minat berkunjung, kualitas informasi tidak pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat berkunjung, Kualitas sistem berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Minat berkunjung, Kepercayaan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat berkunjung. Secara simultan kualitas pelayanan, kualitas informasi, kualitas sistem dan kepercayaan berpengaruh secara simulyan terhadap minat berkunjung.
Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan Masyarakat Terhadap Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Pratiwi Sintha
Published: September 2021

Latar Belakang: Peningkatan jumlah kasus Covid-19 berlangsung cukup cepat dan menyebar ke berbagai negara dalam waktu singkat. Sampai dengan tanggal 9 Juli 2020, WHO melaporkan 11.84.226 kasus konfirmasi dengan 545.481 kematian di seluruh dunia. Virus tersebut sudah menyebar ke berbagai provinsi yang ada di Indonesia, seperti Provinsi Bali. Kerambitan berada di urutan ke 2 OTG (Orang Tanpa Gejala) terbanyak setelah Kecamatan Marga. Jumlah kasus Covid-19 yang semakin meningkat tersebut membuat masyarakat merasa khawatir dan cemas terhadap keadaan di lingkungannya.

Tujuan: Mengetahui tingkat kecemasan masyarakat pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Banjar Samsaman Kelod Desa Kukuh Kerambitan

Metodelogi: Menggunakan desain penelitian Deskriptif dengan pendekatan Kuantitatif, subjek penelitian yaitu masyarakat yang tinggal di banjar Samsaman Kelod Desa Kukuh Kerambitan, pemilihan sampel dengan non probability sampling menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Instrument penelitian dengan kuesioner Kecemasan yang telah dimodifikasi dan telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Uji statistik menggunakan deskriptif frekuensi.

Hasil: Tingkat kecemasan masyarakat di Banjar Samsaman Kelod didapatkan sebagian besar masyarakat memiliki kecemasan berat yaitu sebanyak (60,2%), kecemasan sedang (27,2%) dan kecemasan ringan (12.6%). yang berarti sebagian besar masyarakat di Samsaman kelod mengalami kecemasan karena semakin meningkatnya jumlah kasus terinfeksi Covid-19

Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar masyarakat di Banjar Samsaman Kelod mengalami Kecemasan tinggi karena adanya pandemi Covid-19 yang terinfeksi semakin meningkat dan penularanya yang cepat
Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang HIV Aids Di SMA N 1 Selemadeg
Authors: Firsia Sastra Putri Desak Made
Published: September 2021

Background: Adolescence is associated with the transition from children to adulthood. Rapid physical changes and hormonal changes are triggers for adolescent health problems due to the emergence of sexual motivation that makes adolescents prone to diseases and reproductive health problems (kespro), teenage pregnancy with all its consequences, namely premarital sex, abortion, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), HIV-AIDS and narcotics (Margaretha, 2012). Most people with HIV AIDS are at the age of 25-39 years, while someone exposed to the HIV virus will not cause symptoms within 5-10 years. Thus, the possibility of contracting HIV during adolescence. The highest risk factor for HIV is sexual intercourse. Meanwhile, sex education as an effort to prevent HIV AIDS in Indonesia is still considered taboo and has not received sufficient attention from all circles.

Purpose: Knowing the Description of Youth Knowledge Level about HIV / AIDS in SMA N 1 Selemadeg

Method: This research method uses descriptive research design. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 161 respondents. The analysis used in this research is univariate analysis which produces a frequency distribution.

Results: This study shows that based on the level of knowledge of the respondents about HIV / AIDS, most of the respondents were less knowledgeable as many as 66 respondents (41%), enough as many as 52 respondents (32.3%), both 43 respondents (26.7%).

Conclusion: The description of the level of knowledge of adolescents about HIV / AIDS in SMA N 1 Selemadeg showed that the level of adolescent knowledge about HIV / AIDS was lacking
ANALYSIS Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Profesional Pemberi Asuhan (PPA) Dengan Kepuasan Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan Di Poli Penyakit Dalam
Authors: Ambarika Rahmania
Published: September 2021

To create patient satisfaction, the hospital must create and manage a system to obtain more patients and the ability to retain patients. The process of patient care and care is dynamic and involves many Caregiver Professionals (PPA) and involves various service units. There are many problems regarding the lack of satisfaction from health care workers, one of which is service quality of health workers with satisfaction of outpatients at Kartini Hospital, Mojokerto. This study used a quantitative analytic design with a cross sectional approach. The population was all unhospitalited patients who had received services the internal medicine poly at Kartini Hospital, Mojokerto with a total of 156 respondents. The sample used Simple Random Sampling totaling 112 respondents. Independent variables is service quality. The dependent variable is satisfaction. Data analysis using Chi square. . Based on the results of the Test analysis, it shows that the variable that most influences patient satisfaction is the variable service quality with a p-value of 0.008 <0.05, so H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the quality of health care workers and satisfaction.Understanding the needs and desires of patients is an important factor that affects patient satisfaction. Satisfied patients are a very valuable asset because if patients are satisfied they will continue to use the service of their choice, but if patients are not satisfied they will tell twice as much to others about their bad experience. To create patient satisfaction, hospitals must create and manage a system to obtain more patients and the ability to retain patients by improving the quality of service.
Hubungan Antara Sikap Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) Dengan Upaya Deteksi Dini Inspeksi Visual Dengan Asam Asetat (IVA) Di Desa
Authors: Dewi Putu Adi Cahya
Published: September 2021

Background: Patients undergoing surgery are often anxious about the surgical procedure, its possible findings, postoperative limitations, changes in normal body function and prognosis. Anxiety can be reduced by nursing actions that focus on therapeutic communication for the patient and his family.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between nurse therapeutic communication and the level of anxiety of preoperative patients in the Central Surgical Installation Room of BRSUD, Tabanan Regency. Methods: This study is a quantitative study with an analytic observational design with a cross sectional approach. In this study, using non-probability sampling with Consecutive Sampling technique with a total sample of 56 respondents. The analysis test used is the Spearman Rank with a significance value of 0.05.

Results: Based on the results of the study, it was found that the therapeutic communication of nurses was mostly good as many as 42 respondents (75.0%) and the anxiety level of the preoperative patients was mostly moderate as many as 20 people (35.7%). The results of the correlation test using the Spearman Rank obtained a sign value of 0.000 with p <0.05, which means that there is a relationship between nurses' therapeutic communication and the preoperative patient anxiety level.

Conclusion: There is a relationship between nurse therapeutic communication with the level of anxiety of preoperative patients in the Central Surgical Installation Room of BRSUD, Tabanan Regency.
Pengaruh Psikoedukasi Tentang Manajemen Stress Dalam Meningkatkan Self Efficacy Keluarga Merawat ODGJ Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Balowerti Kota Kediri
Authors: Solehah Eka Lutfiatus
Published: September 2021

Beaground : The treatment of mental disorders is multifactorial, meaning that each treatment is interrelated and cannot work individually. For example, a patient who has received medication well, gets a good treament process at the horpital, but if he does get support from his family and environment, the patient my relapse.

Destination : The Purpose of the study was determine the effect of providing psychoeducation on family self-efficacy in caring for ODGJ patients in the Balowerti Health Center Work Area, Kediri City.

Method : The research design used is pre-experimental with pre-post-test design. The research variable is the provition of psychoeducation os the independent variable and self-efficacy as the dependent variable. the population is the entire family of ODGJ patients in the work area of the Balowerti Health Center, Kediri City, with 41 respondents. the research sample was taken with a total sampling technique of 41 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire sheet and processed by the Wilcoxon tes.

Results : The results showed that before being given psychoeducation, most of the families with schizophrenia had low self-efficacy in treating patients with 17 respondents (77.3%) and after being given psychoeducation most had high self-efficacy as many as 18 respondents (81.8%). The results of the Wilcoxon test showed the value of = 0.00 < = 0.05 so that H0 was rejected so that there was an effect of giving psychoeducation to families in caring for schizophrenic patients affecting family self-efficacy to be better than before being given psychoeducation.

Conclution : Providing psychoeducation can increase the information and insight that families have so that families can increase confidence and self-confidence in caring for family members with mental disorders.
Determining Reasons Affecting the Late Treatment of Congenital Talipes Equinovarus: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sananta Panji , Hariyanti Tita , Devi Ledy Kumala , Aldrian Oktafandi I Gusti Ngurah Arga , Cendikiawan Felix
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Neglected congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is a serious problem commonly found in developing countries. This deformity has fatal impacts, including disabilities and educational limitations. Moreover, cases of neglected CTEV are still frequent in Indonesia as one of the developing countries. Thus, this study aims to investigate the reasons behind the late treatment of CTEV.

METHODS: This is a qualitative study conducted throughout September 2019. The subjects are six parents of patients with neglected CTEV who are currently being treated in our hospital. The study was conducted by performing an in-depth interview with the patient’s parents to analyze why they delay checking their child to an orthopaedic surgeon. The results were then grouped into themes.

RESULTS: The reasons for the delay were multifactorial. Four subjects had more than one reason why they delayed checking their child to an orthopaedic surgeon. The reason for the delay were socioeconomic factors (3 subjects), medical-related problems (3 subjects), intentionally delayed or refused to seek medical care (2 subjects), and misinformation from the previous physician (3 subjects).

CONCLUSIONS: The reasons for the late treatment of CTEV were socioeconomic factors, medical-related problems, intentional factors, and misinformation.
Psychological Changes and Adaptation: Primary Amenorrhea Associated with Disorders of Sex Development
Authors: Iwami Kazuyo , Sumiyoshi Tomoko , Ida Shinobu
Published: September 2021

This qualitative study investigated the psychological changes and process of adaptation among women after a diagnosis of primary amenorrhea associated with disorders of sex development (DSD). Data were obtained of 20 patients aged ≥ 25 years via interviews and analyzed using the modified grounded theory approach. Six categories were created: increasing doubt about gender identity, questioning and exploratory behaviors, feelings of loneliness and confusion, searching for self with the help of support resources, control for coexistence in society, living at peace with one’s body, and liberation from a sense of alien existence. Participants experienced fluctuations in parameters of gender identity, loneliness, and confusion. Encountering good experiences during exploration of helpful resources made them more confident of their female gender identity, thus helping them adapt. For women with primary amenorrhea associated with DSD, the process of becoming liberated from an obsession with their condition after receiving a diagnosis was characterized by the phrase “regaining confidence in being a woman.”
Influence of Sulphate Nutrition on Growth Performance and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities of Spirulina platensis
Authors: Magwell Pierre Fils Rodrigue , Minyaka Emile , Fotsop Oscar Wamba , Leng Marlyse Solange , Lehman Léopold Gustave
Published: September 2021

The growth of Spirulina platensis is dependent on culture conditions. This study has established adequate conditions for the quality and quantity production of S. platensis. The effect of sulphate salts nutrition on growth performance and biochemical status of S. platensis was assessed in vitro. Prior to culture, the Paracas strain of S. platensis from SAGRIC pond was analysed in different magnesium sulphate (MgSO4; 0.08, 0.16, 0.32, 0.64 and 1.28 g/L), potassium sulphate (K2SO4; 0.08, 0.16, 0.32, 0.64 and 1.28 g/L) and MgSO4/K2SO4 (0.16/0.00, 0.08/0.08, 0.04/0.12, 0.02/0.14 and 0.01/0.15 g/L) concentrations. Culture media pH, total dissolved solids (TDS) and conductivity rate were monitored. Microscopic analysis revealed sulphate salt concentrations influenced the number of whorls and filaments of S. platensis. K2SO4 (1.28 g/L) produced the highest number of whorls and filaments. Moreover, pH level fluctuated by sulphate treatments. K2SO4 (1.28 g/L) had a pH level of 8.77±0.01 (day 5 of culture incubation). TDS and conductivity rate, protein and cysteine contents increased with culture age and K2SO4 concentration in a culture medium. Conversely, negative correlations between protein and cysteine contents were observed, and sugar content decreased. Sulphate salt type and concentrations affected polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities. MgSO4/K2SO4 (0.02/0.14 g/L) displayed the best PPO and POD activities. Both enzymes appeared to be negatively correlated to the decreasing sugar content. These results indicate growth performances and biochemical status of S. platensis are significantly improved with the adequate supplementation of sulphate salts (MgSO4 and K2SO4) in culture media.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 13, No. 10
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: September 2021

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 13, No. 10, 2021.
Statement of the polish expert group on the current practice and
prospects for the treatment of complex perianal fistulas in Crohn's
disease. Update 2021
Authors: Banasiewicz Tomasz , Eder Piotr , Rydzewska Grażyna , Reguła Jarosław , Dobrowolska Agnieszka , Durlik Marek , Wallner Grzegorz , Dziki Adam
Published: September 2021

Perianal fistulas in Crohn’s disease (CD) are a major problem. In majority of patient, inflammation involves the rectum.
Perianal fistulas in CD pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to severe symptoms and worse prognosis compared
to cryptogenic fistulas. The accurate diagnosis is crucial for an effective treatment of CD-related perianal fistulas, and the
following should be determined: anatomy of the fistula, possible strictures and inflammation of the alimentary tract, including
the rectum and the anal canal. Treatment of fistulas might be challenging and requires cooperation between the colorectal surgeon and the gastroenterologist. The combination of surgical and pharmacological therapy is more effective than surgical
or pharmacological therapy alone. In conservative treatment, aminosalicylates or steroids have little significance. In everyday
practice, antibacterial chemotherapeutics, antibiotics and thiopurines are applied. The most effective are TNF-neutralizing
antibodies, i.e. infliximab (IFX), adalimumab (ADA) and certolizumab (CER). Surgical management can be urgent including
drainage. Elective procedures include dissection of the fistula (simple fistula) or more complex interventions such as mucosal
flap or ligation of the intersphincteric portion of the fistula. Surgical interventions can be enhanced using the video-assisted
anal fistula treatment (VAAFT) or negative-pressure therapy. In extreme cases, creation of a stoma may be necessary.
Also, tissue glues or so-called plugs may be applied in managing perianal fistulas. The use of stem cells seems promising,
i.e. application of multipotent non-hematopoietic stem cells around the fistula in order to induce immunomodulation and
wound healing.
ISLAMIC TERRORISM AS A THREAT TO THE SECURITY OF EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Grabowski Tomasz
Published: September 2021

The article presents the analysis of the threat to the security of Eastern European countries posed by groups and individuals invoking the ideology of radical Islam. Particular attention is given to the region’s two biggest countries: Russia and Ukraine. After a general assessment of the terrorist threat in individual countries based on the Global Terrorism Index, the following are analysed: evolution of the terrorism of North Caucasus groups, scale of threat from the Islamic State, and particularly from foreign terrorist fi ghters (FTFs), as well as examples of homegrown Islamic terrorism in Russia.
Tip of the Iceberg, Part 1: Choosing What Shows
Authors: Kohn Karen
Published: September 2021

In the summer of 2019, Temple University’s main library relocated to a new
building, in which most of the 1.3 million-item main stacks collection resides in an
automated storage and retrieval system (ASRS), and a small portion in open stacks. The
open stacks, or browsing collection, includes highly circulating items, new books, and
materials with a particular need for browsing. Highly-circulating items were identified
by dividing the total number of loans by the number of years the library had owned the
book. Materials with a particular need for browsing, generally those with significant
visual components such as art and music scores, were also selected by formula, though a
lower number of loans was required in order for the book to be added to the browsing
title list. The Collections Analysis Librarian merged the lists of highly circulating
items and highly visual items and presented the preliminary title list to Subject
Specialists. These librarians then suggested categories of books that they felt should
be browseable, such as maps and language dictionaries. Identifying new books was more
complicated than expected, as the list needed to exclude certain categories of
purchases, such as replacements or continuations, that did not belong in the open
stacks. All items destined for browsing were marked with bright green stickers near the
call number, which served as an effective way for the staff who packed the books to
separate them from those going to the ASRS.
Dispositivo com Interface Vestível para a Aquisição, Processamento e Transmissão do Sinal Cardíaco em Exame de Eletrocardiograma
Authors: Zanon Vinícius Rodrigues , Romancicni Eliel Marcos Rocha , Ourique Fabrício de Oliveira , Morales Analúcia Schiaffino
Published: September 2021

A elevada quantidade de ﬁos e o desconhecimento sobre a conexão correta dos eletrodos na prática clínica do exame de eletrocardiograma (ECG) são razões pelas quais este artigo visa o desenvolvimento de um dispositivo com interface vestível para a captação do sinal cardíaco. Os resultados mostram que o sinal cardíaco foi captado, processado e transmitido com sucesso pelo módulo com interface vestível, sendo testado e validado em mais de um indivíduo. O colete ECG, proposto na interface de entrada, se mostrou eﬁcaz na estratégia de uso como guia de referência na efetivação do exame de eletrocardiograma, apresentando conforto e comodidade ao paciente.
PathoSpotter Classifier: Uma Serviço Web para Auxílio à Classificação de Lesões em Glomérulos Renais
Authors: Cerqueira Sarah P. , Aguiar Ellen C. , Duarte Angelo A. , Santos Washington L. C. dos , Oliveira Luciano R. , Ângelo Michele F.
Published: September 2021

Nos últimos anos, o Projeto PathoSpotter desenvolveu e aperfeiçoou classiﬁcadores para auxílio ao diagnóstico de lesões em imagens digitais de biópsias renais. Entre as metas do Projeto está a disponibilização destes classiﬁcadores para que patologistas possam utiliza-los de forma a facilitarem sua prática médica e também contribuírem para o aprimoramento do sistema. Esse trabalho apresenta a arquitetura do PathoSpotter Classiﬁer, o serviço Web criado pelo Projeto PathoSpotter, e como foram vencidos os desaﬁos enfrentados para a distribuição do sistema para uso por patologistas.
Classificação de Esteatose Hepática Não Alcoólica em Imagens Térmicas da Região do Fígado Utilizando Redes Neurais Convolucionais
Authors: Pinto Daniel Moreira , Souza Johnatan Carvalho , Silva Aristófanes Corrêa , Martins Filho Henrique Manoel de Araujo , Paiva Anselmo Cardoso de , Zângaro Renato Amaro
Published: September 2021

A esteatose hepática não alcoólica (DHGNA) é a doença de fígado de maior incidência no mundo, afetando cerca de 1,5 bilhão de pessoas. Ela possui uma alta taxa de mortalidade e, se não for diagnosticada e tratada cedo, pode evoluir para sérias complicações no fígado, portanto seu diagnóstico deve ser rápido e eﬁciente. A aferição da temperatura do corpo humano via termograﬁa é um método não invasivo para detectar a DHGNA. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um método para classiﬁcação de DHGNA em imagens de termograﬁa de fígado. Utilizando redes neurais convolucionais e técnicas de processamento de imagens, o método proposto foi capaz alcançar uma acurácia de 96%, sensibilidade de 91% e especiﬁcidade 97%.
Desenvolvimento e validação de um assistente virtual para farmacovigilância de vacinas
Authors: Cavalcanti Andréia Roque de Souza , Correa João Antônio , Nascimento José William Araújo do , Souza Rafael Roque de , Roque Geicianfran da Silva Lima , Queiroz Sérgio Ricardo de Melo
Published: September 2021

Este estudo foi realizado para desenvolver e validar um assistente virtual com a finalidade de realizar a farmacovigilância de vacinas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa metodológica quantitativa realizada em três fases: 1) levantamento da literatura científica; 2) validação do conteúdo através de um painel de 22 profissionais de saúde; 3) implementação de um assistente virtual de mensagens automatizadas. Como resultados obtidos, os domínios do conteúdo do assistente virtual alcançaram critérios de adequação, relevância e representatividade excelentes, todos acima de 86%; o índice de validade de conteúdo obteve uma média de 0,90 e um valor médio de Kappa de 0,76.
Métodos computacionais baseados em superpixels para segmentação automática da próstata em imagens de ressonância magnética 3D
Authors: Silva Giovanni L. F. da , Silva Aristófanes C. , Paiva Anselmo C. de
Published: September 2021

A segmentação da próstata é um pré-requisito essencial para auxiliar o diagnóstico e o tratamento do câncer. Na prática atual, o radiologista realiza esse processo manualmente, o que é extremamente demorado e exige experiência e concentração. Sendo assim, o desenvolvimento de métodos automáticos e conﬁáveis para segmentação da próstata é clinicamente desejável. Portanto, esta tese apresenta três métodos computacionais para segmentação automática da próstata em imagens de ressonância magnética, usando técnicas de processamento de imagens e reconhecimento de padrões. Os métodos propostos foram avaliados em duas bases de imagens públicas, obtendo um coeﬁciente de similaridade Dice de 87,67%.
Um Sistema Inteligente para a Avaliação de Risco da DRC e Encaminhamento de Pacientes em Emergência para Unidades de Saúde
Authors: Silveira Andressa Carvalho Melo da , Silva Leandro Dias da , Sobrinho Álvaro
Published: September 2021

A alta incidência e prevalência de Doença Renal Crônica (DRC), frequentemente causada por diagnósticos tardios, é um problema crítico de saúde pública. Análises comparativas qualitativas e quantitativas foram realizadas usando uma revisão sistemática da literatura e um experimento com técnicas de aprendizado de máquina, respectivamente. A árvore de decisão J48, com 95,00% de acurácia, foi usada para desenvolver um sistema inteligente para avaliar o risco de DRC. Além disso, quando o paciente com DRC está fora de seu município e ocorre uma emergência, o sistema recomenda que o paciente compareça a uma unidade de saúde apropriada, dependendo da situação clínica, para evitar cuidados de saúde tardios ou inadequados.