bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meta-2OM: A multi-classifier meta-model for the accurate prediction of RNA 2′-O-methylation sites in human RNA
Authors: Harun-Or-Roshid Md. , Pham Nhat Truong , Manavalan Balachandran , Kurata Hiroyuki
Published: June 2024

2′-O-methylation (2-OM or Nm) is a widespread RNA modification observed in various RNA types like tRNA, mRNA, rRNA, miRNA, piRNA, and snRNA, which plays a crucial role in several biological functional mechanisms and innate immunity. To comprehend its modification mechanisms and potential epigenetic regulation, it is necessary to accurately identify 2-OM sites. However, biological experiments can be tedious, time-consuming, and expensive. Furthermore, currently available computational methods face challenges due to inadequate datasets and limited classification capabilities. To address these challenges, we proposed Meta-2OM, a cutting-edge predictor that can accurately identify 2-OM sites in human RNA. In brief, we applied a meta-learning approach that considered eight conventional machine learning algorithms, including tree-based classifiers and decision boundary-based classifiers, and eighteen different feature encoding algorithms that cover physicochemical, compositional, position-specific and natural language processing information. The predicted probabilities of 2-OM sites from the baseline models are then combined and trained using logistic regression to generate the final prediction. Consequently, Meta-2OM achieved excellent performance in both 5-fold cross-validation training and independent testing, outperforming all existing state-of-the-art methods. Specifically, on the independent test set, Meta-2OM achieved an overall accuracy of 0.870, sensitivity of 0.836, specificity of 0.904, and Matthew’s correlation coefficient of 0.743. To facilitate its use, a user-friendly web server and standalone program have been developed and freely available at http://kurata35.bio.kyutech.ac.jp/Meta-2OM and https://github.com/kuratahiroyuki/Meta-2OM.
ConfluentFUCCI for fully-automated analysis of cell-cycle progression in a highly dense collective of migrating cells
Authors: Goldstien Leo , Lavi Yael , Atia Lior
Published: June 2024

Understanding mechanisms underlying various physiological and pathological processes often requires accurate and fully automated analysis of dense cell populations that collectively migrate. In such multicellular systems, there is a rising interest in the relations between biophysical and cell cycle progression aspects. A seminal tool that led to a leap in real-time study of cell cycle is the fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI). Here, we introduce ConfluentFUCCI, an open-source graphical user interface-based framework that is designed, unlike previous tools, for fully automated analysis of cell cycle progression, cellular dynamics, and cellular morphology, in highly dense migrating cell collectives. We integrated into ConfluentFUCCI’s pipeline state-of-the-art tools such as Cellpose, TrackMate, and Napari, some of which incorporate deep learning, and we wrap the entire tool into an isolated computational environment termed container. This provides an easy installation and workflow that is independent of any specific operation system. ConfluentFUCCI offers accurate nuclear segmentation and tracking using FUCCI tags, enabling comprehensive investigation of cell cycle progression at both the tissue and single-cell levels. We compare ConfluentFUCCI to the most recent relevant tool, showcasing its accuracy and efficiency in handling large datasets. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability of ConfluentFUCCI to monitor cell cycle transitions, dynamics, and morphology within densely packed epithelial cell populations, enabling insights into mechanotransductive regulation of cell cycle progression. The presented tool provides a robust approach for investigating cell cycle-related phenomena in complex biological systems, offering potential applications in cancer research and other fields.
Living on low-incomes with multiple long-term health conditions: A new method to explore the complex interaction between finance and health
Authors: Biosca Olga , Bellazzecca Enrico , Donaldson Cam , Bala Ahalya , Mojarrieta Marta , White Gregory , McHugh Neil , Baker Rachel , Morduch Jonathan
Published: June 2024

People on low-incomes in the UK develop multiple long-term health conditions over 10 years earlier than affluent individuals. Financial diaries -new to public health- are used to explore the lived experiences of financially-vulnerable individuals, diagnosed with at least one long-term condition, living in two inner-city London Boroughs. Findings show that the health status of these individuals is a key barrier to work opportunities, undermining their income. Their precarious and uncertain financial situation, sometimes combined with housing issues, increased stress and anxiety which, in turn, contributed to further deteriorate participants’ health. Long-term health conditions limited the strategies to overcome moments of financial crisis and diarists frequently used credit to cope. Restrictions to access reliable services and timely support were connected to the progression of multiple long-term conditions. Models that integrate healthcare, public health, welfare and financial support are needed to slow down the progression from one to many long-term health conditions.
Initial clubfoot treatment in Sweden from 2016 to 2019: A national register study
Authors: Johansson Arne , Wallander Henrik , Esbjörnsson Anna-Clara
Published: June 2024

Background

This study aimed to describe the initial treatment of clubfoot deformity in Sweden using a national cohort. Secondarily we aimed to analyse the results of the initial treatment in relation to foot severity and additional diseases.

Methods

A national register, the Swedish Pediatric Orthopedic Quality Register, was used to extract data on children born with clubfoot in 2016–2019. Children with a registered evaluation after initial treatment were included. Data on deformity severity (Pirani score), casting treatment, and achillotenotomy were extracted. For children with bilateral clubfeet, one foot was included in the analysis.

Results

A total of 565 children were included in the analysis. Of these, 73% were boys and 47% had bilateral clubfeet. Children with isolated clubfoot required a median of six casts to correct the deformity, while children with non-isolated clubfoot needed a median of eight casts. Seventy-seven percent underwent an achillotenotomy. Residual deformities of 0.5 or above (often soft-tissue issues) according to the Pirani score were noted in 23% (isolated clubfoot) and 61% (non-isolated clubfoot) after initial treatment.

Conclusions

We have described the initial clubfoot treatment of children born with isolated or non-isolated clubfoot in Sweden based on data from a national register. The initial treatment was performed to a large extent according to the Ponseti method and international recommendations. Moreover, we discuss the usefulness of the Pirani score in classifying clubfoot deformity after treatment.
Using a spatial autoregressive model with spatial autoregressive disturbances to investigate origin-destination trip flows
Authors: Ni Linglin , Zhang Dapeng
Published: June 2024

Spatial interaction models with spatial origin-destination (OD) filters are powerful tools to characterize trip flows in space, which is a classic and important problem in regional science. To the authors’ knowledge, existing studies adopting OD filters mostly specify the spatial dependence as an autoregressive process, which may not be the full picture of spatial effects. To examine the problem, this paper proposes the hypotheses that 1) spatial OD dependences can take place in both the spatial autoregressive term and the spatial error term in a spatial interaction model. 2) Estimating a spatial autoregressive model with spatial autoregressive disturbances (SARAR) model with OD filters would disentangle where the spatial dependence exists and by how much. 3) The marginal effects obtained from SARAR models would be preferred to analysts when SARAR models outperform spatial autoregressive (SAR) models and spatial error models (SEM) from the statistical point of view. To assess these hypotheses, this paper specifies, estimates, and applies SARAR models with OD filters to investigate trip distributions. By comparing against alternative models, this paper investigates the estimation results in SAR, SEM and SARAR models using an empirical data collected from Hangzhou, China. The contribution of this paper is to be the first in developing an SARAR model with OD filters for trip distribution analyses and examining its performance.
Genetic diversity and population structure of Piper nigrum (black pepper) accessions based on next-generation SNP markers
Authors: Wimalarathna Nilni A. , Wickramasuriya Anushka M. , Metschina Dominik , Cauz-Santos Luiz A. , Bandupriya Dharshani , Ariyawansa Kahandawa G. S. U. , Gopallawa Bhathiya , Chase Mark W. , Samuel Rosabelle , Silva Tara D.
Published: June 2024

Despite the economic importance of Piper nigrum (black pepper), a highly valued crop worldwide, development and utilization of genomic resources have remained limited, with diversity assessments often relying on only a few samples or DNA markers. Here we employed restriction-site associated DNA sequencing to analyze 175 P. nigrum accessions from eight main black pepper growing regions in Sri Lanka. The sequencing effort resulted in 1,976 million raw reads, averaging 11.3 million reads per accession, revealing 150,356 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across 26 chromosomes. Population structure analysis revealed two subpopulations (K = 2): a dominant group consisting of 152 accessions sourced from both home gardens and large-scale cultivations, and a smaller group comprising 23 accessions exclusively from native collections in home gardens. This clustering was further supported by principal component analysis, with the first two principal components explaining 35.2 and 12.1% of the total variation. Genetic diversity analysis indicated substantial gene flow (Nm = 342.21) and a low fixation index (FST = 0.00073) between the two subpopulations, with no clear genetic differentiation among accessions from different agro-climatic regions. These findings demonstrate that most current black pepper genotypes grown in Sri Lanka share a common genetic background, emphasizing the necessity to broaden the genetic base to enhance resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study represents the first attempt at analyzing black pepper genetic diversity using high-resolution SNP markers, laying the foundation for future genome-wide association studies for SNP-based gene discovery and breeding.
The association between major gastrointestinal cancers and red and processed meat and fish consumption: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the observational studies
Authors: Poorolajal Jalal , Mohammadi Younes , Fattahi-Darghlou Marzieh , Almasi-Moghadam Fatemeh
Published: June 2024

Background

The association between red meat, fish, and processed meat consumption and the risk of developing gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remains inconclusive despite several investigations. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to update the existing scientific evidence.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until May 20, 2023. We analyzed observational studies that examined the associations between red and processed meat and fish consumption and GI cancers. We assessed between-study heterogeneity using the χ2 and τ2 tests, as well as I2 statistics. We explored the likelihood of publication bias using Begg’s and Egger’s tests and trim-and-fill analysis. We reported the overall effect sizes as odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random-effects model.

Results

Of the 21,004 studies identified, 95 studies involving 5,794,219 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The consumption of high levels of red meat, as compared to low levels, was found to significantly increase the risk of developing esophageal, pancreatic, liver, colon, rectal, and colorectal cancers. Similarly, the consumption of high levels of processed meat, as compared to low levels, significantly increased the risk of pancreatic, colon, rectal, and colorectal cancers. In contrast, the consumption of high levels of fish, as compared to low levels, significantly reduced the risk of colon, rectal, and colorectal cancers.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis provides updated evidence on the association between red meat, processed meat, and fish consumption and the risk of developing five major types of GI cancers.
Simulation-based Evacuation Strategy for Radioactive Leakage in a Large Scale Network
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Kyu Hyuk , Song Tai Jin
Published: June 2024

South Korea, which has a higher population density than other countries, can lead to massive human costs
in the event of a disaster such as a radiation leakage. Accordingly, a number of studies have been conducted
to simulate disaster situations or derive optimal evacuation routes. However, most of the road network
data used in these studies are virtual or small. In this study, actual road network data from the entire
Gyeongsang region were used. In addition, various scenarios for evacuation situations in the event of a
radiation leakage were constructed in consideration of various variables such as distance, traffic volume,
and modes. The analysis results are summarized as follows. First, as a result of performing the simulation,
the shadow evacuation rate does not significantly affect the evacuation time. Second, the farther the
destination, the more evacuation time it takes. Third, evacuating to some aid stations rather than the entire
aid station can reduce the time required for evacuation. Fourth, in the EPZ area, using buses as much
as possible helps reduce evacuation time.
Influence of Recognition on Low Fertility and Fertility Determinants on Childbirth Will in University Students
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Hanna
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to identify college students’ will to give birth and to provide basic data to solve the problem
of low fertility. The subjects of this study were 206 students attending the universities in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Gangwon,
Gwangju, and Daegu. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program, and correlations were
calculated for the perception of low fertility, determinants of childbirth, and childbirth will, and regression analysis
was performed to examine the effect on the childbirth will. Factors having the greatest influence on college students’
childbirth will are “meaningful parental recommendation for childbirth” (β=-.202), “gender equality in childcare
and housework” (β=-.224), “policy support” (β=.243), and “economic burden” (β= -.314), and the explanatory
power was 31.3%. Since childbirth will is not achieved in a short period of time, instilling positive values about
childbirth is necessary. In addition, a continuous educational program should be developed and offered to college
students who may have a positive approach toward childbirth.. In addition, a social environment that actively
supports and facilitates childbirth and child rearing needs be created, and this will require social support.
Applicability Analysis of Emergency Discharge Technology Based on Case Study of Reservoir Failure
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Choi Byoung Han , Hong Jae Joo , Won Dong Hyun
Published: June 2024

As climate variability and uncertainty are increased, reservoir(dam) collapse occurs every each year, and social
and economic losses due to the collapse of reservoirs affect the convenience and national security of the
people. In particular, there are a lot of concern about human lives and property damage in small and medium-sized
reservoirs of local governments which are lack of flood control capabilities and lack of professional manpower
for the management. In this study, 94 cases of reservoir collapse data caused by localized heavy rain, were
constructed. And 12 categories based on specific and geometrical characteristics were classified into four
categories, for 11,395 small and medium-sized reservoirs under 300,000 tons completed by 1970. The 1,014
reservoirs in 109 municipalities derived into the collapse characteristic category. Finally, the 964 reservoirs were
derived, through relationship analysis between emergency discharge technology and specific information of
reservoir. Although this study results are able to used as basic information on the disaster management operation
system of local governments by deriving risky reservoirs from this data analysis and classification system.
Verification of the Reliability and Validity of the Mental Health Crisis Scale to Be Used by Frontline Police Officers in Psychiatric Emergencies Caused by Insanity
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Kyung Ja , Lee Yeong Mi
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to verify the reliability and validity of the mental health crisis scale (tools)
developed for use by frontline police officers in psychiatric emergencies caused by insane people. As a
result of confirmatory factor analysis, the fit of the research model estimated using the maximum likelihood
method was CMIN(χ2)/df=2.040, GFI.878, RMSEA.081, CFI.963, TLI.950, which met the standard values.
As a result of confirming the convergence validity, the factor load (λ) values were all .50 or more, and
the significance level was p<.001. In the Average Variance Extracted(AVE), the AVE values of physical
and social factors were analyzed to be less than 0.5, and suicidal behavior and mental state were derived
to more than 0.5. The Construct Reliability (C.R.) was 0.700 to 0.876, all of which met 0.7 or more. Since
the developed mental health crisis scale actively reflects the situation in the local community, police officers
can be used it practically and usefully in the field of psychiatric crisis response
Imagens de controle e diversão erudita: sobre o uso de Paulino Nogueira como fonte histórica da pena de morte no Ceará (1825-1855)
Authors: Mariz Silviana
Published: June 2024

Neste artigo, reflito sobre o uso, como fonte histórica, das narrativas do político, intelectual e magistrado Paulino Nogueira Borges da Fonseca (1842-1908) a respeito das execuções por pena de morte no Ceará entre os anos de 1825 e 1855. Sem pretensão de invalidar uma das mais importantes fontes históricas sobre o tema, problematizo como pessoas, especialmente negras, livres e cativas, foram referidas em seus textos, a fim de compreender a escrita de Nogueira como uma diversão erudita destinada à sensibilidade de pequenas e médias elites em busca da consolidação de uma ordem social no pós-abolição por meio do humanismo penal como estratégia de controle social. No caso de pessoas negras, essa diversão erudita, em grande medida, se constituiu com a criação e fixação de imagens de controle atribuídas às pessoas apenadas, que convergem para a liberdade como cativeiro estendido e para a naturalização do corpo negro como lócus de sofrimento.
Capitalism, Colonisation and the Ecocide-Genocide Nexus
Authors: Crook Martin
Published: June 2024

With climate change and a looming ecological crisis impacting the systems and institutions that support life, this timely publication examines the drivers of ecologically induced genocide – the environmental destruction resulting in conditions of life that fundamentally threaten a social group’s cultural or physical existence. Focusing on the former British colonies of Kenya and Australia, both united by a discourse of developmentalism, the book draws attention to the critical role that the destructions of ecologies has historically played, and continues to play, in the genocide of Indigenous and place-based peoples. It synthesises radical political ecology with a political-economic approach to illuminate the nexus between the inherently genocidal and ecocidal properties of the capitalist global system and the manner in which the ecocidal logic of capital intersects with settler and post-colonial structures. In exploring the genocidal effects of climate governance and market environmentalism on Indigenous peoples in Kenya and forms of energy extraction on Indigenous groups in Australia, the book also draws on original interviews to prioritise the lived experiences of, and give voice to, the groups that have suffered structural violence and social harms. Fundamentally, it puts forward a political economy of genocide, which seeks to explain the manner in which material forces, on local and global scales, underpin and give rise to ever-evolving relations of genocide. As such, this important book deepens and enriches our knowledge of genocide and the eco-genocidal nature of colonisation, and the capitalist mode of production that underpins developmentalism.
Pre-Existing and New-Onset Metabolic Dysfunctions Increase Cirrhosis and Its Complication Risks in Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Huang Shang-Chin , Su Tung-Hung , Tseng Tai-Chung , Liao Sih-Han , Hsu Shih-Jer , Hong Chun-Ming , Lan Ting-Yuan , Liu Chen-Hua , Yang Hung-Chih , Liu Chun-Jen , Kao Jia-Horng
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasing among the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) population. This study aimed to explore the impact of metabolic dysfunction (MD) on cirrhosis and cirrhotic complication risks in CHB.

METHODS:

Patients with CHB were consecutively recruited between 2006 and 2021. The presence of MD was based on the 5 cardiometabolic criteria specified in the MASLD definition. Patients were categorized into MD/non-MD groups based on these criteria.

RESULTS:

Eleven thousand five hundred two treatment-naive noncirrhotic patients with CHB were included with a median follow-up of 5.3 years. Patients in the MD group (n = 7,314) were older and had lower hepatitis B virus DNA levels than non-MD patients (n = 4,188). After adjustment for clinical and viral factors, MD patients had significantly higher risks of cirrhosis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40–2.37, P < 0.001) and cirrhotic complications (aHR: 1.30 per MD, 95% CI: 1.03–1.63, P = 0.025) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, new-onset diabetes mellitus during the follow-up aggravated the risk of cirrhotic complications (aHR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.34–6.11, P = 0.006). Hepatic steatosis was associated with lower risks of cirrhosis (aHR: 0.57 within 5 years, 95% CI: 0.44–0.74, P < 0.001) and cirrhotic complications (aHR: 0.45, 95% CI 0.23–0.88, P = 0.020). Among individuals with hepatic steatosis, patients with MASLD exhibited a higher cirrhosis risk than non-MD patients.

DISCUSSION:

Concurrent and new-onset MDs increase the risks of cirrhosis and cirrhotic complications in patients with CHB, independent of hepatic steatosis. Proactively investigating metabolic comorbidities in CHB is critical to stratify the risk of liver disease progression.
Delayed Acute Pancreatitis After Transpapillary Gallbladder Drainage With Plastic Stents
Authors: Vincent Matthew L. , Aggarwal Manik , Chandrasekhara Vinay , Pardi Darrell S.
Published: June 2024

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography–guided transpapillary gallbladder drainage has emerged as an effective alternative for management of acute cholecystitis in nonoperable candidates. Delayed acute pancreatitis has not been previously described as an adverse event with this procedure. In this article, we describe 3 patients who developed acute pancreatitis between 2 and 6 weeks after stent insertion with no alternative inciting cause. Delayed acute pancreatitis may represent a rare and previously uncharacterized adverse event related to transpapillary gallbladder drainage.
Washed Microbiota Transplantation Is Associated With Improved Lipid Profiles: Long-Term Efficacy and Safety in an Observational Cohort From South China
Authors: Liang Fenfen , Song Youlin , Lin Dejiang , He Hongxin , Xu Jiating , He Xingxiang , Wu Lei
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Dyslipidemia is one of the main risk factors of chronic metabolic diseases. Our previous studies have shown that washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) has a significant improvement effect on patients with hyperlipidemia and hypolipemia in the Chinese population. The purpose of this study was to further explore the long-term efficacy and safety of WMT in patients with hyperlipidemia.

METHODS:

Clinical data of patients who received WMT for multicourse were collected. Changes of blood lipid indexes before and after WMT, including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), lipoprotein A, and Apolipoprotein B.

RESULTS:

A total of 124 patients were enrolled, including 56 cases in the hyperlipidemia group and 68 cases with normal lipids. The mean observation time was 787.80 ± 371.45 days, and the longest follow-up time was 1,534 days. TC and non-HDL-C in the hyperlipidemia group with 1–4 courses of WMT were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); TG decreased significantly after the second course (P < 0.05); low-density lipoprotein cholesterol also significantly decreased after the fourth course of treatment (P < 0.05); TG, TC, and non-HDL-C significantly decreased in single course, double course, and multiple course, respectively (P < 0.05). In terms of time period, over 1 year, the improvement in multicourse treatment was more significant than the single and double-course ones. In terms of comprehensive efficacy, WMT restored 32.14% of patients in the hyperlipidemia group to the normal lipid group (P < 0.001), of which 30.00% recovered to the normal lipid group within 1 year (P = 0.004) and 65.38% were reassigned to the normal lipid group over 1 year (P = 0.003). In addition, over the 1-year treatment period, WMT significantly degraded the high-risk and medium-risk groups of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk stratification in hyperlipidemia cases. There were no serious adverse events.

DISCUSSION:

WMT had a long-term improvement effect on patients with hyperlipidemia. The effect of multiple courses over 1 year was more significant than that of single/double courses and also had a significant destratification effect on the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with high safety. Therefore, WMT provides a safe and long-term effective clinical treatment for patients with dyslipidemia.
The use of project pedagogy in teletandem sessions
Authors: Figueiredo Francisco José Quaresma de
Published: June 2024

This article describes an online language learning context in which teletandem sessions (Telles, 2009) have been integrated into the syllabus of a Modern Languages Degree Course at the Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Brazil, as an internationalization at home action. In the second semester of 2021, the subject “Aprendizaje de Portugués y Español en Teletandem” was offered with the participation of ten Brazilian students who were majoring in Spanish at the UFG, nine Argentine students from different undergraduate courses from the Universidad de Cuyo, and one undergraduate student from the Universidad de Buenos Aires. In this virtual learning context, the Brazilians could teach Portuguese to the Argentinians and improve their fluency in Spanish through interactions with them. They also had to develop a project about a chosen theme and work on it, considering the Brazilian and Argentine contexts. The data for this case study (Johnson, 1992) was obtained through video recordings of the interviews of two pairs of students. The results show that the participants could learn an additional language, improve their intercultural skills, and talk about real-world problems in Brazil and Argentina, like the lack of water in some cities, the devaluation of women’s work, etc. The students’ reflections on these topics made them more socially aware of living in a more harmonious world where diversity is highly valued.
Commodity Hoarding (Ihtikar) in Surah Al-Hashr: Exploring Historical Roots and Reassessing Interpretative Perspectives
Authors: Saifullah Ulinnuha
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Cases of hoarding of goods still often occur even though legal instruments that prohibit hoarding have existed for a long time. Thus, efforts to prevent hoarding are not enough with legal instruments alone. Joint efforts are needed to mitigate hoarding. In this case, educating Muslims, as adherents of the majority religion in Indonesia, regarding Islamic views on the practice of hoarding needs to be presented. This paper aims to examine Islamic law regarding hoarding through the perspective of the Koran. The focus of the Qur'anic verses studied is Al-Hashr verse 7. The research method used is literature research with language, ushul fiqh, and historical approaches. The results of the study show that Islam Prohibits the act of hoarding goods needed by society because this action is contrary to the principle of economic equity. The principle of economic equity is the universal value of Surah Al-Hasyr verse 7. Hoarding which is prohibited by Islam is hoarding which is done by withholding the distribution of goods that are needed by the community, so that the price rises, to then be resold when the price has increased.Abstraks: Kasus penimbunan barang masih sering terjadi padahal instrumen hukum yang melarang penimbunan telah ada sejak lama. Dengan demikian, upaya mencegah penimbunan tidak cukup hanya dengan instrumen hukum. Perlu upaya bersama untuk memitigasi terjadinya penimbunan. Dalam hal ini edukasi umat Islam, sebagai pemeluk agama mayoritas di Indonesia, mengenai pandangan Islam terhadap praktik penimbunan perlu dihadirkan. Makalah ini bertujuan meneliti hukum Islam tentang penimbunan melalui perspektif Al-Qur’an. Fokus Ayat Al-Qur’an yang diteliti adalah surat Al-Hasyr ayat 7. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pustaka dengan pendekatan bahasa, ushul fikih dan sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbuatan menimbun barang yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat dilarang oleh Islam, karena tindakan tersebut bertentangan dengan prinsip pemerataan ekonomi. Prinsip pemerataan ekonomi adalah nilai universal dari surat Al-Hasyr ayat 7. Tindakan penimbunan yang dilarang oleh Islam adalah penimbunan yang dilakukan dengan menahan distribusi barang yang dibutuhkan masyarakat, supaya harganya naik, untuk kemudian dijual kembali saat harganya telah naik.
One-Price Marketing Trend: Balancing Business Strategy and Legal Challenges in the Practice of Toko Serba 35.000
Authors: Andani Widia Ayu , Susilawati Cucu
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Toko Serba 35.000, renowned for its one-pricing at Rp. 35,000, has emerged as a compelling alternative for consumers seeking affordability. However, its widespread popularity has introduced ambiguity regarding the true market value of its products. This study delves into the implementation and legal implications of the one-price marketing strategy at Toko Serba 35.000, focusing on Islamic economic law and positive law. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the research involved observations and interviews conducted at Toko Serba 35.000 in Rengasdengklok Subdistrict, Karawang. Findings indicate that the pricing strategy is rooted in capital, profit, and market competition considerations, with a standardized price of Rp. 35,000. Sharia economic law analysis reveals a potential violation of pricing integrity or 'tadlis' and speculative uncertainty or 'gharar' due to the actual prices differing from promotional claims. Meanwhile, statutory regulations such as Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection and Trade Minister Regulation Number 35/M-DAG/PER/7/2013 mandate clear pricing, a requirement not met by this strategy. Despite this, the micro-enterprise status of Toko Serba 35.000 exempts it from certain regulations. Consequently, while compliant with formal regulations, Toko Serba 35.000 introduces inconsistencies with principles of Sharia economic law.Abstrak: Toko Serba 35.000, dengan harga seragam Rp. 35.000, telah menjadi alterbatif yang menarik bagi konsumen dalam memenuhi kebutuhan. Namun, popularitasnya menciptakan ketidakjelasan nilai pasar suatu produk. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi penerapan dan implikasi hukum strategi pemasaran satu harga di Toko Serba 35.000, dengan fokus pada hukum ekonomi syariah dan hukum positif. Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara di Toko Serba 35.000, Kecamatan Rengasdengklok, Karawang. Hasilnya mengindikasikan bahwa strategi ini didasarkan pada modal, keuntungan, dan persaingan, dengan harga terendah Rp. 35.000. Analisis hukum ekonomi syariah menunjukkan pelanggaran penetapan harga atau tadlis, dan memiliki potensi gharar karena harga sebenarnya tidak sesuai dengan promosi. Sementara Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen dan Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan Nomor 35/M-DAG/PER/7/2013 mengamanatkan pencantuman harga yang jelas, yang tidak terpenuhi oleh strategi ini. Meski demikian, toko ini tidak melanggar regulasi karena statusnya sebagai usaha mikro. Implikasinya, meskipun sesuai dengan peraturan formal, Toko Serba 35.000 menimbulkan ketidaksesuaian dengan prinsip hukum ekonomi syariah
Der Aufbau von regionalen Informationssystemen zur Identifizierung gewerblicher Entwicklungspotentiale
Authors: Müller Jürgen
Published: June 2024

Im Rahmen der Forschungstätigkeiten des Niedersächsischen Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung ist in den letzten Jahren versucht worden, Wege und Mittel für die Operationalisierung der zukünftig wohl zentralen Begriffe in der regionalpolitischen Diskussion „Ausschöpfung der endogenen Entwicklungspotentiale“ und „Bestandspflege“ aufzuzeigen. Kernthese ist, daß erfolgreiche regionale Entwicklungsstrategien nur auf der Grundlage einer umfangreichen und differenzierten Kenntnis der wirtschaftlichen Basis einer Region, der inhärenten Entwicklungschancen, aber auch der erkennbaren Risiken möglich sind. Die wesentlichen Bausteine eines solchen regionalen Informationssystems als Vorstufe von regionalen Entwicklungskonzepten sind:Aufbau und „Pflege“ einer Basisdatei über die wesentlichen Strukturen und Entwicklungen einer Region insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Arbeitsmarktsituation, beispielsweise die Darstellung, Entwicklung und Bewertung von Branchenstrukturen, Analyse der qualitativen Substanz der regionalen Beschäftigungsstrukturen, demographische Komponenten, Struktur und Entwicklung der Erwerbsbeteiligung Entwicklungstendenzen und Strukturen der Arbeitslosigkeit.Suche nach regionsspezifischen Entwicklungsproblemen und -engpässen. Befragung von Betrieben und Institutionen „vor Ort“.Derartige Regionalstudien sind mittlerweile für einige niedersächsische Kreise sowie auch auf kommunaler Ebene durchgeführt worden. Die Ergebnisse und die Resonanz der regionalen Akteure lassen darauf schließen, daß über diesen „informationsorientierten“ Ansatz eine zukunftsweisende Regionalentwicklung maßgeblich gefördert wird.
Quantitative and qualitative response of Dragon's head (Lallemantia ibericaBenth) to different fertilizer sources and water deficit conditions
Authors: Fazli Mohammad ali , Mir Mahmoudi Touraj , Rahimi Amir , Yazdan Seta Saman
Published: June 2024

Dragon's head plant is a vital source of antioxidants, antibacterials, and pain relief. This research studied the effect of different fertilizer sources on some characteristics of Dragon's head at different water-deficit levels. The experimental design was a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental treatments included irrigation regimes at three levels (normal, mild, and severe water deficit) and different fertilizer sources (control, NPK, humic acid, vermicompost, and manure) conducted in two crop years. The results showed that severe water stress reduced the content of chlorophyll a (25.0%), chlorophyll b (29.24%), carotenoids (24.32%), number of seeds per plant (60.08%), biological yield (24.61%), nitrogen (18.29%), and potassium content (38.83%) compared to the normal condition.In contrast, proline (18.81%), carbohydrate (18.64%), phenol (22.16%), flavonoid (13.4%), DPPH (24.63%), and nitric acid radical scavenging (32.27%) increased with severe water stress compared with the normal condition. Application of vermicompost increased the content of chlorophyll a (92.45%), chlorophyll b (86.76%), carotenoids (85.311%), number of seeds per plant (87.81%), biological yield (93.23%), essential oil present (14.29%), phenol (50.32%), flavonoid (29.07%), DPPH (15.83%), nitric acid radical scavenging (42.47%), chain-breaking capacity (6.18%), nitrogen (19.49%), and potassium content (26.62%) over the control. The highest thousand kernel weight (32.5 g), seed yield (2343.6 kg ha-1), essential oil yield (2.76 kg ha-1), mucilage percentage (15.37%), and mucilage yield (337.8 kg ha-1) were recorded in the vermicompost under normal irrigation conditions. Additionally, vermicompost and animal manure treatment under mild stress conditions increased seed yield, essential oil yield, mucilage percentage, and mucilage yield significantly compared to the corresponding control.
Overexpression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor protects against pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy through regulating the miR‐29b‐3p/HBP1 axis
Authors: Wen Liang , Chen Wei , Zhu Cunjun , Li Jie , Zhou Juan , Zhang Minxia , Zhang Wenqiang , Xue Qiang
Published: June 2024

Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response to stressors such as high cardiac workload, which might lead to abnormal cardiac function and heart failure. Previous studies have indicated that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) might play a protective role in cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we aimed to illustrate the mechanism of MIF in protecting against pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse model was established and we found that overexpression of MIF protected against pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypotrophy in TAC treated mice, as evidenced by significantly decreased the heart weight. In addition, transthoracic echocardiography showed that overexpression of MIF restored ejection fraction in TAC‐treated mice. While TAC treatment resulted in a much larger cardiomyocyte size in mice, MIF overexpression notably decreased the cardiomyocyte size. Next, we demonstrated that MIF overexpression promoted the expression of miR‐29b‐3p which further downregulated the expression of its downstream target HMG box protein 1 (HBP1). Overexpression of HBP1 reversed the effect of MIF in alleviating Ang‐II induced oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, our findings suggest that MIF could attenuate pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy through regulating the miR‐29b‐3p/HBP1 axis.
Toxicity of bisphenol A and p-nitrophenol on tomato plants: Morpho-physiological, ionomic profile, and antioxidants/defense-related gene expression studies
Authors: Abdelmoneim Mahmoud S. , Hafez Elsayed E. , Dawood Mona F. A. , Hammad Sherif F. , Ghazy Mohamed A.
Published: June 2024

Bisphenol A (BPA) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) are emerging contaminants of soils due to their wide presence in agricultural and industrial products. Thus, the present study aimed to integrate morpho-physiological, ionic homeostasis, and defense- and antioxidant-related genes in the response of tomato plants to BPA or PNP stress, an area of research that has been scarcely studied. In this work, increasing the levels of BPA and PNP in the soil intensified their drastic effects on the biomass and photosynthetic pigments of tomato plants. Moreover, BPA and PNP induced osmotic stress on tomato plants by reducing soluble sugars and soluble proteins relative to control. The soil contamination with BPA and PNP treatments caused a decline in the levels of macro- and micro-elements in the foliar tissues of tomatoes while simultaneously increasing the contents of non-essential micronutrients. The Fourier transform infrared analysis of the active components in tomato leaves revealed that BPA influenced the presence of certain functional groups, resulting in the absence of some functional groups, while on PNP treatment, there was a shift observed in certain functional groups compared to the control. At the molecular level, BPA and PNP induced an increase in the gene expression of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, with the exception of POD gene expression under BPA stress. The expression of the thaumatin-like protein gene increased at the highest level of PNP and a moderate level of BPA without any significant effect of both pollutants on the expression of the tubulin (TUB) gene. The comprehensive analysis of biochemical responses in tomato plants subjected to BPA and PNP stress illustrates valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying tolerance to these pollutants.
Geogrid reinforcement for improving bearing capacity and stability of square foundations
Authors: Hussain Mortada Salim , Shaban Alaa M. , Hussein Hussein H.
Published: June 2024

Shallow foundations are often the most economical option for building support, as they distribute structural weight to soil layers, require minimal earthwork, and do not necessitate specialized machinery. The most common type of soil in the city of Karbala is sandy soil. It is granular and loose by nature which has a relatively low bearing capacity. According to previous studies, the soil weakness is one of the problems with shallow foundation construction. Thus, the aim of this study is to improve the properties of the soil using geogrid reinforcement. Three critical parameters are examined, including depth, size, and number of geogrid layers in the soil reinforcement process to increase bearing capacity and decrease soil settling. The effect of geogrid depth (u) was studied by considering four depth ratios (u/B = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0) in order to determine the ideal depth of the geogrid layer, where (B) refers to the width of the footings. The results indicated that a decrease in depth ratio significantly increased the bearing capacity of footings built on reinforced soil layers compared to those built on natural soil, and the settlement reduction ratio (SRR) also increased. The size of the geogrid layer (i.e., width of the geogrid layer (b) was evaluated by evaluating four size ratios (b/B = 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0). With an increasing size ratio of the geogrid layer, the bearing capacity ratio (BRC) was significantly improved. Additionally, the study examined the optimal number of geogrid layers, focusing on single and multiple layers with N = 1, 2, 3, and 4. The results showed a higher BRC for footings on reinforced soil layers, as well as a significant rise in SRR with an increase in the number of geogrid layers. Finally, it was concluded that the optimal depth ratio was u/B = 0.5, the size ratio was b/B = 4.5, and reinforced with three geogrid layers, which provided the highest bearing capacity and SRR. The experimental test results were verified by comparing them with those calculated using theoretically developed models. The variation between the experimental and theoretical results is reasonable, confirming that the experimental testing results exhibit a high degree of accuracy.
Characterisation of Fe, Cr and Al behaviour at the interface during diffusion bonding of ODS/Al couple
Authors: Karfoul M. Kamal
Published: June 2024

Diffusion bonding of oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic steel PM2000 1.2 mm thickness plates sandwiched by aluminium foils was carried out. This joining was achieved under laboratory air at temperatures less than 660 °C by simultaneously applying heat and sufficient compression of about 210 MPa to give a high level of plastic deformation to the Al interlayer. The resulting microstructures and phases at the interface were characterised using scanning and transmission electron microscopy and microanalyses. The formation of intermetallic phase type FeAl was detected close to the interface and the FeAl3 further away on the aluminium side. The bonded samples were heat treated under a special regime and bend tested. In the treated samples Fe–Cr compounds were noticed. The corrosion study of the heat-treated samples in laboratory air at 950 °C demonstrated a high temperature corrosion resistance.
Accidental uterine extensions in cesarean deliveries – outcome of subsequent pregnancy
Authors: Toussia-Cohen Shlomi , Ohayon Aviran , Lahav-Ezra Hila , Axelrod Michal , Amitai Komem Daphna , Levin Gabriel , Sivan Eyal , Meyer Raanan
Published: June 2024

Objectives

To explore the obstetric, maternal and neonatal outcome in the subsequent pregnancy after a pregnancy with an accidental uterine extension (AUE) during cesarean delivery (CD), as well as the relationship between the different types of AUE (inferior, lateral and superior).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of all CD with AUE in a tertiary medical center between 01/2011–01/2022. Women with a prior CD with AUE were compared to a 1:3 ratio matched control group of women with a prior CD without AUE. All AUE were defined in their direction, size and mode of suturing. CD with deliberate uterine extensions were excluded. We evaluated obstetric, maternal and neonatal outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy after a pregnancy with AUE during CD.

Results

Comparing women with a prior CD with AUE (n=177) to the matched control group of women with a prior CD without AUE (n=528), we found no significant differences in proportions of uterine rupture or any other major complication or adverse outcome between the groups. There were no significant differences in the outcomes of the subsequent pregnancy in relation to the characteristics of the AUE (direction, size and mode of suturing).

Conclusions

Subsequent pregnancies after AUE are not associated with higher maternal or neonatal adverse outcomes including higher proportions of uterine rupture compared to pregnancies without previous AUE. Different characteristics of the AUE do not impact the outcome.
Improving NHL draft outcome predictions using scouting reports
Authors: Luo Hubert
Published: June 2024

We leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to extract information from scouting report texts and improve predictions of National Hockey League (NHL) draft outcomes. In parallel, we derive statistical features based on a player’s on-ice performance leading up to the draft. These two datasets are then combined using ensemble machine learning models. We find that both on-ice statistics and scouting reports have predictive value, however combining them leads to the strongest results.