bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Solution of Tropical Discrete Best Approximation Problems
Authors: Krivulin Nikolai
Published: April 2024

We consider a discrete best approximation problem formulated in the framework of tropical algebra, which deals with the theory and applications of algebraic systems with idempotent operations. Given a set of samples of input and output of an unknown function, the problem is to construct a generalized tropical Puiseux polynomial that best approximates the function in the sense of a tropical distance function. The construction of an approximate polynomial involves the evaluation of both unknown coefficient and exponent of each monomial in the polynomial. To solve the approximation problem, we first reduce the problem to an equation in unknown vector of coefficients, which is given by a matrix with entries parameterized by unknown exponents. We derive a best approximate solution of the equation, which yields both vector of coefficients and approximation error parameterized by the exponents. Optimal values of exponents are found by minimization of the approximation error, which is transformed into minimization of a function of exponents over all partitions of a finite set. We solve this minimization problem in terms of max-plus algebra (where addition is defined as maximum and multiplication as arithmetic addition) by using a computational procedure based on the agglomerative clustering technique. This solution is extended to the minimization problem of finding optimal exponents in the polynomial in terms of max-algebra (where addition is defined as maximum). The results obtained are applied to develop new solutions for conventional problems of discrete best Chebyshev approximation of real functions by piecewise linear functions and piecewise Puiseux polynomials. We discuss computational complexity of the proposed solution and estimate upper bounds on the computational time. We demonstrate examples of approximation problems solved in terms of max-plus and max-algebra, and give graphical illustrations.
MSC Classification: 15A80 , 90C24 , 41A50 , 41A65 , 65D15
Ghost particle suppression multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique for tomographic PIV
Authors: Lei Peng , Yang Hua , Yin Zhouping , Shan Feng
Published: April 2024

The exponential distribution law of the intensity of tomographic particle image velocimetry (Tomo-PIV) reconstructed particles is validated via a probabilistic approach. Moreover, based on the distribution law of ghost particles and the self-similarity of particles, a new Tomo-PIV particle reconstruction method is proposed. In this method, ghost particles are treated as reconstruction noise. Furthermore, a combination of variational denoising methods and the inversediffusion equation with regularization constraint for ghost particles suppression. This method is called ghost particle suppression multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique(GS-MART). The proposed algorithm is evaluated numerically on cylindrical wake simulation data, and the reconstruction quality, intensity distribution of true particles and ghost particles, and velocity calculation accuracy are analyzed under different particle densities. To verify the application effect of GS-MART, experiments were carried out in jet flows, and the results showed that the high-precision 3D particle reconstruction results of GS-MART significantly improved the velocity field estimation results.
Fire, land use, and the long-term dynamics of a pitch pine woodland in coastal Maine, USA
Authors: Barton Andrew , Nurse Andrea , Lalemand Laura , Fowke Thomas , Grenier Daniel
Published: April 2024

Background. Pitch pine is a globally rare tree species that occurs on xeric sites in the largely mesic landscape of eastern North America. Supporting a rich assemblage of rare species, pitch pine communities are threatened by succession to more mesophytic species in the absence of natural and anthropogenic disturbance. We examined multi-millennial dynamics of pitch pine woodland in relation to fire and land use across a local moisture gradient in coastal Maine, USA.
Results. Fossil pollen from a forest hollow revealed that pitch pine has been a long-time inhabitant of the land that today is called The Basin Preserve, extending back at least seven millennia before present. Fossil charcoal demonstrated the long historical importance of fire in these pitch pine stands. Euro-American settlement left a pronounced imprint on sediment records and current forest patterns, including an expansion of pitch pine populations in response to land clearing. Age structure and current regeneration patterns of tree species across the moisture gradient revealed ongoing succession of pitch pine to more mesophytic species, such as red oak and red maple, except on the most xeric sites, where the species appears to be self-perpetuating.
Conclusions. The results reveal succession, mesophication, and contraction of pitch pine woodland in the Basin Preserve, a pattern also found in more southern parts of this species range. Given the importance of these rare xeric ecosystems as biodiversity hotspots in a largely mesic landscape, active management to reduce vegetation in this preserve cover should be considered.
Influenza virus infection activates TAK1 to suppress RIPK3- independent apoptosis and RIPK1-dependent necroptosis
Authors: Sun Yuling , Ji Lei , Liu Wei , Sun Jing , Liu Penggang , Wang Xiaoquan , Liu Xiufan , Xu Xiulong
Published: April 2024

Many DNA viruses develop various strategies to inhibit cell death to facilitate their replication. However, whether influenza A virus (IAV), a fast-replicating RNA virus, attenuates cell death remains unknown. Here, we report that IAV infection induces TAK1 phosphorylation in a murine alveolar epithelial cell line (LET1) and a murine fibroblastoma cell line (L929). The TAK1-specific inhibitor 5Z-7-Oxzeneonal (5Z) and TAK1 knockout significantly enhance IAV-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by increased PARP, caspase-8, and caspase-3 cleavage. TAK1 inhibition also increases necroptosis as evidenced by increased RIPK1S166, RIPK3T231/S232, and MLKLS345 phosphorylation. Mechanistically, TAK1 activates IKK, which phosphorylates RIPK1S25 and inhibits its activation. TAK1 also activates p38 and its downstream kinase MK2, which phosphorylates RIPK1S321 but does not affect RIPK1 activation. Further investigation revealed that the RIPK1 inhibitor Nec-1 and RIPK1 knockout abrogate IAV-induced apoptosis and necroptosis; re-expression of wild-type but not kinase-dead (KD)-RIPK1 restores IAV-induced cell death. ZBP1 knockout abrogates IAV-induced cell death, whereas RIPK3 knockout inhibits IAV-induced necroptosis but not apoptosis. 5Z treatment enhances IAV-induced cell death and slightly reduces the inflammatory response in the lungs of H1N1 virus-infected mice and prolongs the survival of IAV-infected mice. Our study provides evidence that IAV activates TAK1 to suppress RIPK1-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis, and that RIPK3 is required for IAV-induced necroptosis but not apoptosis,.
SRLA - High Secure Optimised routing protocol for Wireless ad hoc networks using Log likelihood ratio enabled Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: KHAGGA VIJAYALAKSHMI , N SANGEETHA PRIYA , A.M. Prasad
Published: April 2024

In wireless ad hoc networks, where conventional infrastructure is lacking, effective routing algorithms, security mechanisms, and energy efficiency are critical challenges. While existing cluster-based routing protocols demonstrate efficiency, the absence of a comprehensive approach for selecting cluster heads based on multiple parameters remains a gap. Addressing this multi-objective challenge is pivotal in optimizing cluster-based routing. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) emerges as a key algorithm for path selection, while the integration of Log Likelihood Ratio (LLR) enhances route longevity and reliability. The proposed system introduces cluster-based region formation coupled with the selection of trusted cluster heads, enriching routing paths. It prioritizes paths with heavy weights and fewer links, optimizing efficiency. Implementation of the proposed system yields a notable increase in delivery ratio to 96% marking a significant advancement in wireless ad hoc network performance.
On the structure vs. property relationship for Flax/silk/epoxy hygromorph composites
Authors: Kerche Eduardo Fischer , Ornaghi Heitor L. , Neves Roberta M. , Agnol Lucas Dall , Lazzari Lídia Kunz
Published: April 2024

In this study, available data was used aiming to modeling the hygrotherm behavior and deeply discuss the hygrothermal behavior of Flax/silk/epoxy composites. In the former study, a programmable and reconfigurable hygrothermal morphing composite with multifunctional shape transformation was studied. The authors studied the following configurations (not all was used for all tests): [90]8, [01907], [02906], and[03905] in different relative humidity (RH) contents (9%, 30%, 44%, 75%, 85%, and 100%). In this new approach, a focus in structure vs. property relationship was given aiming to contribute to the original study. Vapor water absorption, hygroscopic expansion, mass diffusion, and mechanical properties were discussed in terms of direction of the fibers, temperature, and humidity content for different composite configurations. The vapor water absorption increased with the transversal reinforcement, and RH more significantly compared to the longitudinal direction. During storage at an specific RH, flax fibers swelled at different ratios larger than the matrix. Besides, we proved that the properties can be managed by a severe control of fibers’ direction, temperature, and humidity in the moisture-responsive composite materials.
Impact of cinnamaldehyde thiosemicarbazone on the corrosion of mild steel in an acidic medium
Authors: Choudhary Varsha , Dua Sachin , Arora Nishtha , Saxena R C , Prakashaiah B G , Senthilkumar T , Singh Mansi Mani , Khan Tuhin Suvra
Published: April 2024

The present work highlights the impact of cinnamaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (CT) as a corrosion inhibitor (CI) on the deterioration of mild steel (MS) in 1M and 15% HCl. The synthesis of CT was accomplished with the help of cinnamaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide using Schiff-base chemistry, and the product's structure was verified by 1H-NMR and IR spectroscopy. The anti-corrosion performance of CT was performed on the MS using gravimetric methods, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization studies (PDP). The experimental results of the CT molecule's adsorption on an MS surface in 1M and 15% HCl align with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The gravimetric analysis confirmed that the developed CT exhibited 95.02% (using 1mM of CT) and 96.65% (using 4mM of CT) corrosion inhibition efficiency (IE) in 1M and 15% aqueous HCl at 303K, respectively. But at 343K, in 1M and 15% HCl, the anti-corrosion performance of CT on MS was reduced to 86.74% and 92.50%, respectively.
A Centrality Metrics Approach to Analyzing Temporal Spread Patterns of Misinformation in Social Networks
Authors: Duzen Zafer , Riveni Mirela , Aktas Mehmet S.
Published: April 2024

This study examines misinformation in social networks with well-known network science metrics. We utilize an already available dataset to analyze tweets related to COVID-19 vaccinations. The methodology we use in this study includes the creation of separate networks for retweets, replies, and mentions. We utilized various centrality metrics to assess the importance of individual tweets such as centrality metrics that primarily consider the network’s topology and connectivity, taking into account factors such as the number of connections, the importance of connections , information flow, and indirect influences. One of our objectives is to determine the length of time that tweets linked to unreliable sources exist within a network through reactions. The empirical results of our study reveal a noteworthy association: tweets that have longer durations tend to be posted by influential accounts within the network, in contrast to tweets that have shorter durations and demonstrate reduced influence. Our study contributes to the advancement of our understanding of the dynamics of misinformation spread, by our results regarding misinforma-tion persistence within social networks. Our observations show potential for informing approaches designed to address misinformation and disin-formation, especially in the setting of public health emergencies like as the current COVID-19 outbreak.
DRIPNet: Decoupled Region of Interest Pooling Feature Network Based on Diffusion Model for UAV Small Object Detection
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhu Haijiang , Li Zhiqing
Published: April 2024

Small object detection has always been one of the most challenging tasks in the computer vision. Up to now, a prior bounding box is often applied to Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) image object detection. However, anchors need to be pre-set and not optimal for training data in many object detection algorithms. In 2022, the Diffusion Model was introduced in object detection method, in which the random boxes are employed. Inspired by this approach and the characteristics of UAV images, we find the great potential of diffusion models in UAV image detection and propose a more reasonable Decoupled Region of Interest Pooling Feature Diffusion Network. First of all, a more rational decoupled region of interest pooling(DRIP) feature extraction module has been designed, which decouples the feature extraction process between different scales, to make full use of the features at each level of the pyramid. Our approach eliminates the negative effects of unreasonable bounding box assignments, thereby enhancing the overall performance. Secondly, we propose a high-resolution scale-varying robust backbone(HSRB), where we architect the convolution module in the backbone using atrous convolution with switchable atrous rates and Pixel-Shuffle upsampling to mitigate the negative effects of scale variation and downsampling. Finally,loss functions with normalized Wasserstein distance (NWD) terms are applied, NWD is led into measuring the similarity between the prediction box and the ground truth box. The purpose is to eliminate the influence of positional sensitivity on the matching between the predicted box and the ground truth box.The optimal results of 27.91% mAP on the VisDrone dataset and 8.42% mAP on the TinyPerson dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Magnitude of undiagnosed and inadequately treated hypertension among stroke patients at the teaching hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: Sitotaw Alazar , Arega Balew , Solela Gashaw , Dagne Kefyalew , Zeleke Amanuel , Abebe Yosef , Mamo Dawit , Chala Getachew , Damtie Banchiaymolu , Mehari Yididya , Endazena Getabalew
Published: April 2024

Background
Globally, increased blood pressure accounts for almost two-thirds of strokes, with the majority of them caused by undiagnosed, untreated, or insufficiently managed hypertension. Undiagnosed hypertension is frequent in Ethiopia, however, its magnitude among stroke remains investigated. We aimed to determine the magnitude of undiagnosed and inadequately treated Hypertension among Stroke patients in Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College.
Methods
This is an institutional cross-sectional study using hospitalized stroke patients' medical data from February 1, 2021, to August 6, 2023. Data was collected using a standardized abstraction sheet using the Kobo collect tool. We analyzed data using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze most of the data at 95% CI.
Result
W included a total of 523 stroke patients a mean age (SD) was 61.34 ± 16.82 years and nearly half, 263 (50.3%) were males. More than two-thirds, 344 (65.8%) of the patients had ischemic stroke and 156 (29.8%) had an intra-cerebral hemorrhage. The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 79 (15.1%). Nearly half, 271(51.2%) had a hypertension history with 33.6% of them having poor adherence to their medication and 24.4% didn’t start anti-hypertensive medication. In-hospital mortality in this study was 90 (17.2%). Being male was found independently associated with undiagnosed hypertension among stroke patients (AOR,1.72 (1.05,2.82), P = 0.03)
Conclusions
Inadequately treated and undiagnosed hypertension is found high among stroke patients. This indicates an urgent need to screen and promptly diagnose hypertension and educate undiagnosed and poorly controlled hypertensive patients with an emphasis on follow-up and adherence to antihypertensive medications.
Linkage Mapping and Discovery of Candidate Genes for Drought Tolerance in Rice During the Vegetative Growth Period
Authors: Jiao Aixia , Chen Li , Ma Xiaoding , Ma Jing , Cui Di , Han Bing , Sun Jianchang , Han Longzhi
Published: April 2024

Drought is a major abiotic stress affecting crop yields. Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and mining genes for drought resistance in rice are important for identifying gene functions and targets for molecular breeding. Here, we performed linkage analysis of drought resistance using a recombinant inbred line population derived from Jileng 1 (drought sensitive) and Milyang 23 (drought resistant). An ultra-high-density genetic map, previously constructed by our research team using genotype data from whole-genome sequencing, was used in combination with phenotypic data for rice grown under drought stress conditions in the field in 2017–2019. Thirty-nine QTLs related to leaf rolling index and leaf withering degree were identified, and QTLs were found on all chromosomes except chromosomes 6, 10, and 11. qLWD4-1 was detected after 32 days and 46 days of drought stress in 2017 and explained 7.07–8.19% of the phenotypic variation. Two loci, qLRI2-2 and qLWD4-2, were identified after 29, 42, and 57 days of drought stress in 2018. These loci explained 10.59–17.04% and 5.14–5.71% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. There were 281 genes within the QTL interval. Through gene functional annotation and expression analysis, two candidate genes, Os04g0574600 and OsCHR731, were found. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of these genes were significantly higher under drought stress than under normal conditions, indicating positive regulation. Notably, Os04g0574600 was a newly discovered drought tolerance gene. Haplotype analysis showed that the RIL population carried two haplotypes (Hap1 and Hap2) of both genes. Lines carrying Hap2 exhibited significantly or extremely stronger drought resistance than those carrying Hap1, indicating that Hap2 is an excellent haplotype. Among rice germplasm resources, there were two and three haplotypes of Os04g0574600 and OsCHR731, respectively. A high proportion of local rice resources in Sichuan, Yunnan, Anhui, Guangdong and Fujian provinces had Hap of both genes. In wild rice, 50% of accessions contained Hap1 of Os04g0574600 and 50% carried Hap4; 13.51%, 59.46% and 27.03% of wild rice accessions contained Hap1, Hap2, and Hap3, respectively. Hap2 of Os04g0574600 was found in more indica rice resources than in japonica rice. Therefore, Hap2 has more potential for utilization in future drought tolerance breeding of japonica rice.
Ubiquitous genome streamlined Acidobacteriota in freshwater environments
Authors: Wong Hon Lun , Bulzu Paul-Adrian , Ghai Rohit , Chiriac Maria-Cecilia , Salcher Michaela Maria
Published: April 2024

Background
Acidobacteriota are abundant in soil, peatlands and sediments, but there are so far only a few studies on those in freshwater environments. Genome streamlined bacteria have reduced genomes as an evolutionary process to adapt to oligotrophic environments such as oceans and lakes. UBA12189, an Acidobacteriota genus under the family Holophagaceae, is an uncultivated lineage with ultra-small genome size found in aquatic environments. So far, no detailed genomic analyses were done on this genome streamlined lineage. Here, we analyzed 66 MAGs of UBA12189 (metagenome assembled genomes; including 2 complete genomes) from freshwater lakes and rivers in Europe, North America and Asia, which is the first genome streamlined Acidobacteriota reported.
Results
UBA12189 have extremely small genome sizes (< 1.4Mbp), low GC content and a highly diverse pangenome. In freshwater lakes, this bacterial lineage is abundant from the surface waters (epilimnion) down to 300 meters depth (hypolimnion). UBA12189 appears to be free-living from CARD-FISH analysis, and there is no concrete evidence of host association. Comparative genome analysis shows that compared to other genome streamlined bacteria such as Nanopelagicales and Methylopumilus, genome reduction has caused UBA12189 to have a more limited metabolic repertoire in carbon, sulfur and nitrogen metabolisms, as well as a higher degree of auxotrophy to various amino acids, vitamins and reduced sulfur. UBA12189 also have very limited numbers of membrane transporters. Interestingly, UBA12189 has a higher proportion of unannotated genes (10% – 14%) and a diverse pangenome, suggesting an unknown trove of metabolic potential for environmental adaptation. Despite having reduced genomes, UBA12189 encodes proteorhodopsin, cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidases and complete biosynthesis pathways for heme, vitamin K2 and vitamin B2 (riboflavin). These genes may give a selective advantage during the genome streamlining process. We propose a new genus ‘Ca. Acidiparvus’ within the family Holophagaceae, with two new species named ‘A. lacustris’ and ‘A. fluvialis’. Acidiparvus is the first described genome streamlined lineage under the phylum Acidobacteriota, which is a free-living, slow-growing scavenger in freshwater environments.
Conclusion
This study explores the ecology and genomics of yet another genome streamlined freshwater bacterium. With limited metabolic repertoires and no co-occurring microorganisms observed, future studies on cultivated Acidiparvus are crucial. Metagenomics studies alone cannot identify non-canonical metabolic pathways, especially considering high numbers of unannotated genes in Acidiparvus.
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Crowell-prosedyren
Authors: Stormark Kjell Morten , Vis Svein Arild
Published: April 2024

Beskrivelse: Crowell-prosedyren er utviklet for å observere og vurdere samspillet mellomom sorgsgivere og sped- og småbarn gjennom en sekvens av ni ulike oppgaver, med en varighet på 45 minutter. Prosedyren ble utviklet av Crowell og kollegaer ved Stanford universitetet i USA i 1988, og har senere blitt revidert flere ganger. Det foreligger en norsk upublisert oversettelse avprosedyren. Samspillet mellom omsorgsgiver og barn skåres på to hovedskalaer som måler henholdsvis barnets atferd og hvordan foreldre forholder seg til barnet. Barnedelen har syv delskalaer og foreldredelen har fem. Det er ingen kjente formelle krav til kompetanse for bruk av prosedyren. Opplæring gis i form av et tre-dagers kurs.
Litteratursøk: Det ble ikke identifisert noen relevante norske eller skandinaviske publikasjoner.
Psykometri: Litteratursøket ga ikke grunnlag for å vurdere måleegenskapene ved den norske versjonen av Crowell-prosedyren.
Konklusjon: Måleegenskapene til den norske versjonen er ukjent
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) for ungdom og unge voksne (13-26 år)
Authors: Mundal Ingunn P. , Ytreland Kristin , Kaasbøll Jannike
Published: April 2024

Beskrivelse: Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R) er et bredspektret screeningverktøy for psykiske plager hos personer over 13 år. SCL-90 ble utviklet av Derogatis og kolleger i 1973 og revidert i 1976 til SCL-90-R. Instrumentet ble oversatt til norsk på 1980-tallet, og i 2010 utga Pearson Inc. en norsk autorisert utgave med instrukser for skåring og administrering. Autoriserte psykologer og leger kan administrere, skåre og tolke testen. Testen er et selvutfyllingsskjema og består av 90 spørsmål som kartlegger symptombelastning innenfor ni forskjellige symptomskalaer. I denne kunnskapsoppsummeringen ønsket vi å undersøke hvilke måleegenskaper som er rapportert for SCL-90-R i skandinaviske studier med ungdom og unge voksne i alderen 13–26 år.
Litteratursøk: Av 1359 referanser inkluderte vi 13 studier i oppsummeringen. Ti studier var basert på kliniske utvalg (f.eks. pasienter med atferdsforstyrrelser, depresjon og spiseforstyrrelser). Ikke-kliniske utvalg inkluderte bl.a. studenter, adopterte barn og barn av skilte foreldre.
Psykometri: Ingen av de inkluderte studiene var valideringsstudier. De fleste målte effekt av behandling eller andre tiltak. Det er rapportert gjennomsnitt, standardavvik og indre konsistens.
Konklusjon: Ingen av de inkluderte studiene inneholdt utfyllende informasjon om for SCL-90-Rs måleegenskaper for ungdom og unge voksne i alderen 13–26 år. Kunnskapsgrunnlaget for SCL-90-R er ikke tilstrekkelig for å kunne si noe om bruken av instrumentet hos denne gruppen.
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ)
Authors: Breivik Kyrre , Køhn Kristian
Published: April 2024

Beskrivelse: Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) ble publisert i 1999 av Ehlers, Gillberg og Wing og er oversatt til norsk av Anita Eriksson og Anne Mari Sund. Testen er utviklet for å være et screeningverktøy for å identifisere barn med mulig autismespekterforstyrrelse, beregnet på utfylling fra voksne informanter som kjenner barnet godt. ASSQ har en enkelt hovedskala og anbefalte grenseverdier (indikasjon på mulig autisme) for lærere og foreldre. Testen består av 27 ledd og det er ingen formelle kompetansekrav for bruk eller tolkning.
Litteratursøk: Litteratursøk resulterte i 121 treff, hvorav 21 norske og 9 svenske eller danske artikler ble inkludert. Disse inneholdt dokumentasjon på interraterreliabilitet, begrepsvaliditet, kriterievaliditet, diskriminant validitet og normer for en avgrenset aldersgruppe. Det ble funnet middelverdier for ulike kliniske grupper (autisme, cerebral parese, nevrologiske tilstander, premature barn, barn av mødre med rusmisbruk eller røyking i svangerskapet). ASSQ har utmerket test-retest reliabilitet. Testens begrepsvaliditet synes å være tilfredsstillende, selv om det er behov for mer forskning på testens konvergerende og diskriminerende validitet.
Konklusjon: ASSQ synes å ha gode egenskaper som klinisk screeningverktøy i den forstand at lærer- eller foreldrerapporterte skårer over grenseverdi indikerer mulig autismespekterforstyrrelse som bør utredes nærmere av en kliniker. Ved bruk i forskningsprosjekter er det usikkert hvor treffsikkert det er å bruke skåre over klinisk grenseverdi som proxy for diagnostisert autisme da det blir mange falske positive uten at testresultatene suppleres med en grundig diagnostisk vurdering. Validiteten til det å bruke totalskåren som et kontinuerlig mål på hvor en befinner seg på autismespekteret er også usikkert.
Психологические особенности педагога высшей школы с выраженным синдромом эмоционального выгорания
Authors: Гаврилова Е.В.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена сравнительному анализу психологических особенностей педагогов высшей школы с выраженным синдромом эмоционального выгорания и без него. В ходе эмпирического исследования было выявлено, что у педагогов высшей школы с выраженным синдромом эмоционального выгорания деформация связана с эмоционально-волевой сферой, а также с низким уровнем самоактуализации личности.
Research Trends in Proteomic Studies Using Serum from COVID-19
Patients: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: da Fonsêca Amorim Érika Alves , Neto Roberval Nascimento Moraes , Souza Ana Viviam , Martinez Camila Guerra , Zagmignan Adrielle , da Silva Luís Cláudio Nascimento
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the global populace, resulting
in a staggering number of deaths across the globe. New approaches and biomarkers
to evaluate disease progression are crucial for improving disease management. In this
context, serum proteomics has emerged as a promising tool for identifying molecular alterations
related to COVID-19. This work carried out a bibliometric evaluation of the
current status and trends of studies applying serum proteomics to COVID-19 subjects.
The search was performed using Web of Science and Scopus databases, and the results
were analyzed in VOSviewer software. The investigation was limited to articles published
between January 2020 and February 2023. The analysis found 48 articles, primarily
experimental studies. China is the most influential country in this field, followed by
the USA. The co-occurrence analysis performed by VOSviewer showed 170 keywords,
of which 9 reached the occurrence threshold and were divided into two groups. The
most cited words were related to biomarker identification and the use of proteomics for
diagnosing and treating COVID-19. The most cited proteins include those classically associated
with the immune system (IgG, IgM, interleukins, CXCL, CCL, MCP, CRP)
and SAA1, SAA1, ApoA-1, TTR (prealbumin), SerpinA and ITIH4. Other studies have
validated the predictive value of these serum markers and have the potential to improve
the management of COVID-19 patients. The findings highlighted in this bibliometric
study can help the researchers design new projects to enhance our understanding of the
complex interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and host immunity.
Revolutionizing Neurological Disorder Treatment: Integrating Innovations in
Pharmaceutical Interventions and Advanced Therapeutic Technologies
Authors: Arora Rimpi , Baldi Ashish
Published: April 2024

Neurological disorders impose a significant burden on individuals, leading to disabilities and a reduced
quality of life. However, recent years have witnessed remarkable advancements in pharmaceutical interventions
aimed at treating these disorders. This review article aims to provide an overview of the latest innovations
and breakthroughs in neurological disorder treatment, with a specific focus on key therapeutic areas such
as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and stroke. This review explores
emerging trends in drug development, including the identification of novel therapeutic targets, the development
of innovative drug delivery systems, and the application of personalized medicine approaches. Furthermore,
it highlights the integration of advanced therapeutic technologies such as gene therapy, optogenetics,
and neurostimulation techniques. These technologies hold promise for precise modulation of neural circuits,
restoration of neuronal function, and even disease modification. While these advancements offer hopeful
prospects for more effective and tailored treatments, challenges such as the need for improved diagnostic
tools, identification of new targets for intervention, and optimization of drug delivery methods will remain. By
addressing these challenges and continuing to invest in research and collaboration, we can revolutionize the
treatment of neurological disorders and significantly enhance the lives of those affected by these conditions.
Syringic Acid Attenuates the IL-1β-Induced Akt Pathway in Chondrocyte ATDC5 Cells
Authors: He Xiao-Feng , Xiong Zhi-Hong , Zhao Qing-Gang , Lei Yi-Hao , Vijayalakshmi Annamali , Cheng Gang
Published: April 2024

Background:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive joint ailment that is largely
predominant worldwide. However, it typically gets worse over time, occurs more frequently, and
becomes more crippling.

Objectives:

Syringic acid (SA) is a well-known phenolic compound reported to suppress inflammation,
cell proliferation, and apoptosis of various cancer cells. Since the role of SA in OA
remains unknown, there is a need to hypothesize the anti-inflammatory activities of SA on IL-
1β-induced ATDC5 chondrocyte‑like cells and to elucidate its protective action against OA.

Methods:

The cytotoxicity, inflammatory mediators, mRNA expression of MMPs, ADAMTS,
COX-2, and Akt/NF-κB protein expression of SA activity on ATDC5 cells were examined
through CCK-8 assay, ELISA, RT-qPCR, and western blot. It was found that SA (10, 20, and 30
μM) did not show any inhibitory effects on the viability of the ATDC5 cells in a concentrationdependent
manner.

Results:

SA markedly reduced the inflammatory mediators, cytokines, PGE2, MMPs, COX-2,
and ADAMTS in a concentration-dependent manner. Likewise, SA expressively attenuated IL-
1β-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and NF-κB activation as well as IL-1β- induced ATDC5
chondrocytes.

Conclusion:

This study revealed that SA is a novel candidate applicable for the treatment of OA.
Integrated Somatic Mutation Network Diffusion Model for Stratification of Breast Cancer into Different Metabolic Mutation Subtypes
Authors: Su Dongqing , Li Honghao , Wang Tao , Zou Min , Wei Haodong , Xiong Yuqiang , Sun Hongmei , Wang Shiyuan , Xi Qilemuge , Zuo Yongchun , Yang Lei
Published: April 2024

Background:

Mutations in metabolism-related genes in somatic cells potentially lead to
disruption of metabolic pathways, which results in patients exhibiting different molecular and pathological
features.

Objective:

In this study, we focused on somatic mutation data to investigate the significance of metabolic
mutation typing in guiding the prognosis and treatment of breast cancer patients.

Methods:

The somatic mutation profile of breast cancer patients was analyzed and smoothed by utilizing
a network diffusion model within the protein-protein interaction network to construct a comprehensive
somatic mutation network diffusion profile. Subsequently, a deep clustering approach
was employed to explore metabolic mutation typing in breast cancer based on integrated metabolic
pathway information and the somatic mutation network diffusion profile. In addition, we employed
deep neural networks and machine learning prediction models to assess the feasibility of predicting
drug responses through somatic mutation network diffusion profiles.

Results:

Significant differences in prognosis and metabolic heterogeneity were observed among the
different metabolic mutation subtypes, characterized by distinct alterations in metabolic pathways
and genetic mutations, and these mutational features offered potential targets for subtype-specific
therapies. Furthermore, there was a strong consistency between the results of the drug response prediction
model constructed on the somatic mutation network diffusion profile and the actual observed
drug responses.

Conclusion:

Metabolic mutation typing of cancer assists in guiding patient prognosis and treatment.
Wortmannin Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
by Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Bani Nastaran , Rahmani Farzad , Shakour Neda , Amerizadeh Forouzan , Khalili-Tanha Ghazaleh , Khazaei Majid , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Kerachian Mohammad Amin , Abbaszadegan Mohammad Reza , Mojarad Majid , Hadizadeh Farzin , Ferns Gordon A. , Avan Amir
Published: April 2024

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant contributor to mortality, often exacerbated
by metastasis and chemoresistance. Novel therapeutic strategies are imperative to enhance current treatments.
The dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is implicated in CRC progression. This study investigates
the therapeutic potential of Wortmannin, combined with 5‐fluorouracil (5-FU), to target the PI3K/Akt pathway in
CRC.

Methods:

Anti-migratory and antiproliferative effects were assessed through wound healing and MTT assays.
Apoptosis and cell cycle alterations were evaluated using Annexin V/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay. Wortmannin's
impact on the oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium was examined via ROS, SOD, CAT, MDA, and T-SH
levels. Downstream target genes of the PI3K/AKT pathway were analyzed at mRNA and protein levels using RTPCR
and western blot, respectively.

Results:

Wortmannin demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, modulating survivin, cyclinD1,
PI3K, and p-Akt. The PI3K inhibitor attenuated migratory activity, inducing E-cadherin expression.
Combined Wortmannin with 5-FU induced apoptosis, increasing cells in sub-G1 via elevated ROS levels.

Conclusion:

This study underscores Wortmannin's potential in inhibiting CRC cell growth and migration through
PI3K/Akt pathway modulation. It also highlights its candidacy for further investigation as a promising therapeutic
option in colorectal cancer treatment.
Current Status of Patent Research on Medical Micro-nano Robot
Authors: Yang Yongqi , Xie Xuedong , Yan Farui , Han Lu , Xie Baocheng
Published: April 2024

Micro-nano robots have broad applications in sewage purification and DNA testing. Micro-
nano robots have significant potential in the medical field， as they have higher therapeutic efficiency
and safety than conventional treatment methods. Meanwhile, micro-nano robots provide a new
method for treating many diseases. Therefore, as an emerging medical method, the development trend
of micro-nano robots is receiving increasing attention. This study aims to provide a new approach to
treating diseases that reduces the costs and risks of traditional medical treatments. This paper introduces
the operation mechanism of micro-nano robots, summarizes representative patents of micronano
robots in medicine, summarizes the classification according to the different driving modes, and
analyzes their advantages, disadvantages, and uses. Through the investigation of many micro-nano
robots, the current medical micro-nano robots are summarized and analyzed as generally challenging
to prepare, difficult to control accurately, with a low degree of intelligence, and poor accuracy. Finally,
the future development trend of medical micro-nano robots is overlooked. Optimizing the preparation
method can significantly reduce the production cost of micro-nano robots. Mixing and driving
modes can drive the micro-nano robots more efficiently. Improving the intelligence of micro-nano
robots can allow them to perform more complex tasks. Improved imaging techniques allow for more
precise control of the micro-nano robots. Finally, the article forecasts that micro-nano robots will
develop towards the trends of non-toxic, intelligent, and controllable directions.
The structure of DP and IZP in central Kurdish (Minimal approach)
Authors: Azeez Omar Ahmed
Published: April 2024

The stages of Generative grammar complement each other and several different theories and hypotheses have been presented. This research aims to present the structure of Determiner phrase according to the stages of Generative grammar until the last stage of the grammar, which is the Minimal program we wanted to apply the assumptions in the MP in Kurdish also we tried to explain the structure of Dp and Izp in Kurdish move and checking its feature because in MP every Grammatical feature in the Derivation become a head of functional phrase so DP and IZP has a different feature so they are two Different phrase. The research consists of an introduction and five parts with results and sources.
Pressure Ulcer Management Virtual Reality Simulation (PU-VRSim) for Novice Nurses: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Jung Soo Youn , Moon Kyoung Ja
Published: April 2024

Background

Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a common and serious complication in patients who are immobile in health care settings. Nurses play a fundamental role in the prevention of PUs; however, novice nurses lack experience in clinical situations. Virtual reality (VR) is highly conducive to clinical- and procedure-focused training because it facilitates simulations.

Objective

We aimed to explore the feasibility of a novel PU management VR simulation (PU-VRSim) program using a head-mounted display for novice nurses and to investigate how different types of learning materials (ie, VR or a video-based lecture) impact learning outcomes and experiences.

Methods

PU-VRSim was created in the Unity 3D platform. This mixed methods pilot quasi-experimental study included 35 novice nurses categorized into the experimental (n=18) and control (n=17) groups. The PU-VRSim program was applied using VR in the experimental group, whereas the control group received a video-based lecture. The PU knowledge test, critical thinking disposition measurement tool, and Korean version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale were assessed before and after the intervention in both groups. After the intervention, the experimental group was further assessed using the Clinical Judgment Rubric and interviewed to evaluate their experience with PU-VRSim.

Results

The results compared before and after the intervention showed significant improvements in PU knowledge in both the experimental group (P=.001) and control group (P=.005). There were no significant differences in self-efficacy and critical thinking in either group. The experimental group scored a mean of 3.23 (SD 0.44) points (accomplished) on clinical judgment, assessed using a 4-point scale. The experimental group interviews revealed that the VR simulation was realistic and helpful for learning about PU management.

Conclusions

The results revealed that PU-VRSim could improve novice nurses’ learning of PU management in realistic environments. Further studies using VR for clinical training are recommended for novice nurses.
Italian Medical professionals Practices, Attitudes and Knowledge in Travel medicine (IMPAKT): a national survey protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Baglivo Francesco , De Angelis Luigi , Vannini Federico , Agostini Antonello , Todaro Antonio , Torri Eleonora , Gianolio Lopez Giulio Alberto , Fui Margherita , Tomasi Alberto , Rizzo Caterina
Published: April 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Introduction:
The evolving global health landscape highlights the importance of travel medicine, making it necessary for healthcare professionals to understand the epidemiologic profiles among varied traveler populations and keep themselves updated in this rapidly changing field.
However, in Italy, travel medicine clinics have significant gaps in resource allocation, staff training, and infrastructure. This is the protocol of a cross-sectional study that aims to create and validate a questionnaire to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals in travel medicine in Italy. The final goal is to provide a tool to evaluate the state of travel medicine, guide training initiatives, and monitor trends over time.
Methods:
The study population consists of healthcare professionals who practice travel medicine in Italy. The questionnaire will be developed by adapting an existing English survey and conducting a scoping review to align the questionnaire with contemporary scientific discourse. The validation process includes face validity, content validity, and expert evaluation. The sample size, determined through power analysis, ranges from 218 to 278 participants. The questionnaire will undergo a pilot test on a smaller sample size (10% of the total) to identify and address any issues. Statistical analysis will include central tendency and dispersion measures, categorical summaries, group comparisons, and regressions.
This research received ethical approval and informed consent will be collected from all participants.
Discussion:
This cross-sectional study will guide strategic planning and targeting training and awareness activities in areas deemed most critical or lacking.
The study's structured approach and periodic assessments will facilitate the identification of educational gaps, the dissemination of best practices, and the overall improvement of healthcare services for travelers in Italy.
Empowering Mental Health Monitoring Using a Macro-Micro Personalization Framework for Multimodal-Multitask Learning: Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: Song Meishu , Yang Zijiang , Triantafyllopoulos Andreas , Zhang Zixing , Nan Zhe , Tang Muxuan , Takeuchi Hiroki , Nakamura Toru , Kishi Akifumi , Ishizawa Tetsuro , Yoshiuchi Kazuhiro , Schuller Björn , Yamamoto Yoshiharu
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

The field of mental health technology presently has significant gaps that need addressing, particularly in the domain of daily monitoring and personalized assessments. Current noninvasive devices such as wristbands and smartphones are capable of collecting a wide range of data, which has not yet been fully used for mental health monitoring.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to introduce a novel dataset for personalized daily mental health monitoring and a new macro-micro framework. This framework is designed to use multimodal and multitask learning strategies for improved personalization and prediction of emotional states in individuals.

METHODS

Data were collected from 298 individuals using wristbands and smartphones, capturing physiological signals, speech data, and self-annotated emotional states. The proposed framework combines macro-level emotion transformer embeddings with micro-level personalization layers specific to each user. It also introduces a Dynamic Restrained Uncertainty Weighting method to effectively integrate various data types for a balanced representation of emotional states. Several fusion techniques, personalization strategies, and multitask learning approaches were explored.

RESULTS

The proposed framework was evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient, resulting in a score of 0.503. This result demonstrates the framework’s efficacy in predicting emotional states.

CONCLUSIONS

The study concludes that the proposed multimodal and multitask learning framework, which leverages transformer-based techniques and dynamic task weighting strategies, is superior for the personalized monitoring of mental health. The study indicates the potential of transforming daily mental health monitoring into a more personalized app, opening up new avenues for technology-based mental health interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL
Effect of Personalized Exercise Interventions from the Fitterfly Diabetes Digital Therapeutics Program in Type 2 Diabetes: Real-world Effectiveness Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Bhagat Madhura , Mandlekar Anuradha , Nair Vineet , Munje Archana , Verma Ritika , Tanna Snehal , Saraf Amit , Lathia Tejal , Kulkarni Sudhindra , Padsalge Mahesh , Tiwaskar Mangesh , Selvan Chitra , Jain Alpesh , Chitale Manoj , Samudra Kirti , Singal Arbinder Kumar
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Exercise intervention is effective in managing diabetes when delivered in a personalized manner. Personalization of exercise intervention following a systematic fitness assessment can lead to better health outcomes

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to analyze the effect of digitally delivered fitness assessments and exercise prescriptions on the fitness and health outcomes of people with diabetes.

METHODS

Participants diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (n=86) enrolled in the Fitterfly Diabetes program which included interventions in nutrition, fitness, and mental health delivered via a digital platform. The participants underwent a video call-based fitness assessment consisting of the 1-minute push-up test, wall sit test, 1-minute sit-up test, V-sit and reach test, and 6-minute walk test. Trained physiotherapists conducted the assessments, developed personalized exercise plans, and shared them with the participants via the app. Regular follow-ups were taken. The participants were re-assessed after 90 days.

RESULTS

There was a statistically significant improvement in the fitness-related outcome measures (p<0.05), the anthropometric measures (p<0.05), and HbA1c (p<0.05) post-intervention. Improvement in exercise duration was associated with better outcomes in fitness tests and anthropometric measures.

CONCLUSIONS

Personalized exercise intervention delivered digitally can help achieve better health outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes.