bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discernment of transformer oil stray gassing anomalies using machine learning classification techniques
Authors: Ngwenyama M. K. , Gitau M. N.
Published: January 2024

This work examines the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms to evaluate dissolved gas analysis (DGA) data to quickly identify incipient faults in oil-immersed transformers (OITs). Transformers are pivotal equipment in the transmission and distribution of electrical power. The failure of a particular unit during service may interrupt a massive number of consumers and disrupt commercial activities in that area. Therefore, several monitoring techniques are proposed to ensure that the unit maintains an adequate level of functionality in addition to an extended useful lifespan. DGA is a technique commonly employed for monitoring the state of OITs. The understanding of DGA samples is conversely unsatisfactory from the perspective of evaluating incipient faults and relies mainly on the proficiency of test engineers. In the current work, a multi-classification model that is centered on ML algorithms is demonstrated to have a logical, precise, and perfect understanding of DGA. The proposed model is used to analyze 138 transformer oil (TO) samples that exhibited different stray gassing characteristics in various South African substations. The proposed model combines the design of four ML classifiers and enhances diagnosis accuracy and trust between the transformer manufacturer and power utility. Furthermore, case reports on transformer failure analysis using the proposed model, IEC 60599:2022, and Eskom (Specification—Ref: 240-75661431) standards are presented. In addition, a comparison analysis is conducted in this work against the conventional DGA approaches to validate the proposed model. The proposed model demonstrates the highest degree of accuracy of 87.7%, which was produced by Bagged Trees, followed by Fine KNN with 86.2%, and the third in rank is Quadratic SVM with 84.1%.
miR-378a-5p exerts tumor-suppressive effects on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant immunotherapy by downregulating APOC1/CEP55
Authors: Pengjie Yang , Rong Jia , Pengfei Ning
Published: January 2024

Genetic assessment of tumors following neoadjuvant immunotherapy helps identifying targets that mediate anti-tumor immunity. In this study, we explored dysregulated RNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma samples after neoadjuvant immunotherapy using deep sequencing and high-throughput screening. We identified 584 differentially expressed messenger RNAs (mRNAs), 67 differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs), and 1,047 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) using differential expression analysis. Competing endogenous RNAs closely related to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were selected via a combined Pearson’s correlation test and weighted correlation network analysis. After validation using survival analysis and dry-lab and wet-lab-based studies, we identified the I-miR-378-5p-APOC1/CEP55 as a critical pathway for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression after neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Tumor immune infiltration analysis showed that APOC1 and CEP55 expression is associated with immune regulatory pathways and the function of multiple infiltrating immune cells. We investigated the mechanism of esophageal squamous carcinoma progression after neoadjuvant immunotherapy from the perspective of the mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA network. Furthermore, we identified accurate novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers, introduced novel perspectives to immunotherapy studies, and laid the foundation for the clinical treatment of patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma.
Longitudinal changes in high sensitivity C-reactive protein associated with serum uric acid in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
Authors: Kityo Anthony , Lee Sang-Ah
Published: January 2024

Cross-sectional studies support the role of serum uric acid (SUA) in inflammation, but evidence from cohort studies is scarce. Longitudinal associations between SUA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were examined in the general population. Data for participants from the Health Examinees-Gem cohort (n = 50,028; 40–69 years; 67% women) who were examined between 2004 and 2013 and followed up until 2016 were analyzed. SUA and hs-CRP were measured at baseline and during follow-up. SUA was evaluated as a continuous variable and was also divided into sex-specific quartiles. Mean hs-CRP levels at follow-up were evaluated using multivariable proportional odds regression, with non-linear smoothed baseline hs-CRP levels serving as a covariate. Selected pathological markers were also examined in relation to hs-CRP. Increased levels of SUA at baseline were related to increased levels of hs-CRP at follow-up [regression coefficient per mg/dL increase in baseline SUA (β) = 0.08, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.040–0.128]. A dose–response relationship was observed, (P for linear trend = 0.0015). The mean values of hs-CRP were highest among participants with the highest follow-up but lowest baseline SUA levels. Elevated hs-CRP levels at follow up (> 3 mg/L) were positively related to fasting blood glucose levels, triglycerides levels, liver enzymes, and blood pressure, but negatively related to high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels per unit increase in baseline hs-CRP. High SUA levels were associated with high hs-CRP levels, suggesting a potential role of SUA in inflammation. However, additional research is needed to confirm these findings.
Colorectal cancer with low SLC35A3 is associated with immune infiltrates and poor prognosis
Authors: Lu Shuai , Sun Xibo , Tang Huazhen , Yu Jinxuan , Wang Bing , Xiao Ruixue , Qu Jinxiu , Sun Fang , Deng Zhuoya , Li Cong , Yang Penghui , Yang Zhenpeng , Rao Benqiang
Published: January 2024

The expression level of SLC35A3 is associated with the prognosis of many cancers, but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear. The purpose of our study was to elucidate the role of SLC35A3 in CRC. The expression levels of SLC35A3 in CRC were evaluated through tumor immune resource assessment (TIMER), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), Human Protein Atlas (HPA), qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemical evaluation. TCGA, GEO, and ICGC databases were used to analyze the diagnostic and prognostic value of SLC35A3 in CRC. A overall survival (OS) model was constructed and validated based on the expression level of SLC35A3 and multivariable analysis results. The cBioPortal tool was used to analyze SLC35A3 mutation in CRC. The UALCAN tool was used to analyze the promoter methylation level of SLC35A3 in colorectal cancer. In addition, the role of SLC35A3 in CRC was determined through GO analysis, KEGG analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), immune infiltration analysis, and immune checkpoint correlation analysis. In vitro experiments validated the function of SLC35A3 in colorectal cancer cells. Compared with adjacent normal tissues and colonic epithelial cells, the expression of SLC35A3 was decreased in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines. Low expression of SLC35A3 was associated with N stage, pathological stage, and lymphatic infiltration, and it was unfavorable for OS, disease-specific survival (DSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and post-progression survival (PPS). According to the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, SLC35A3 is a potential important diagnostic biomarker for CRC patients. The nomograph based on the expression level of SLC35A3 showed a better predictive model for OS than single prognostic factors and TNM staging. SLC35A3 has multiple types of mutations in CRC, and its promoter methylation level is significantly decreased. GO and KEGG analysis indicated that SLC35A3 may be involved in transmembrane transport protein activity, cell communication, and interaction with neurotransmitter receptors. GSEA revealed that SLC35A3 may be involved in energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cancer pathways. In addition, SLC35A3 was closely related to immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the positive correlation between SLC35A3 and helper T cell infiltration. In vitro experiments showed that overexpression of SLC35A3 inhibited the proliferation and invasion capability of colorectal cancer cells and promoted apoptosis. The results of this study indicate that decreased expression of SLC35A3 is closely associated with poor prognosis and immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer, and it can serve as a promising independent prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target.
Sophocarpine alleviates doxorubicin-induced heart injury by suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis
Authors: Zhang Hong-jin , Fu Yang , Zhang Huang , Lai Ze-qun , Dong Yi-Fei
Published: January 2024

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anti-tumor drug accompanied with many side effects, especially heart injury. To explore what effects of sophocarpine (SOP) on DOX-induced heart injury, this study conducted in vivo experiment and in vitro experiment, and the C57BL/6J mice and the H9C2 cells were used. The experimental methods used included echocardiography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), dihydroethidium (DHE) staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, western blotting and so on. Echocardiography showed that SOP alleviated DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction, as evidenced by the improvements of left ventricle ejection fraction and left ventricle fractional shortening. DOX caused upregulations of creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), while SOP reduced these indices. The relevant stainings showed that SOP reversed the increases of total superoxide level induced by DOX. DOX also contribute to a higher level of MDA and lower levels of SOD and GSH, but these changes were suppressed by SOP. DOX increased the pro-oxidative protein level of NOX-4 while decreased the anti-oxidative protein level of SOD-2, but SOP reversed these effects. In addition, this study further discovered that SOP inhibited the decreases of Nrf2 and HO-1 levels induced by DOX. The TUNEL staining revealed that SOP reduced the high degree of apoptosis induced by DOX. Besides, pro-apoptosis proteins like Bax, cleaved-caspase-3 and cytochrome-c upregulated while anti-apoptosis protein like Bcl-2 downregulated when challenged by DOX, but them were suppressed by SOP. These findings suggested that SOP could alleviate DOX-induced heart injury by suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis, with molecular mechanism activating of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
The amount of antioxidants in honey has a strong relationship with the plants selected by honey bees
Authors: Shakoori Zahra , Salaseh Elham , Mehrabian Ahmad Reza , Tehrani Dariush Minai , Dardashti Niluofar Famil , Salmanpour Farid
Published: January 2024

As one of the main sources of natural antioxidants, flowering plants play a role in the prevention and treatment of many diseases directly and indirectly. Honey is considered as an important nutrient in the supply of natural antioxidants, the amount of which is directly dependent on the plant origin and geographical location of the bee feeding place. The existence of valuable communities of native and endemic plant species has turned Alborz, Zagros and Azerbaijan into the most important hubs of honey production in Iran. In this study, we collected samples of honey from more than 90 regions in Alborz, Zagros and Azerbaijan during the years 2020 to 2021. We evaluated the samples using melissopalynology method and measuring the amount of antioxidant activity. The rise of antioxidant activity in honey is dependent on the abundance of some plant families as well botanical origins. The abundance of plant families Rosaceae, Amaranthaceae, Fabaceae and Asteraceae showed a higher influence on the amount of antioxidants in honey than other plant families. Also, the abundance of plant families Rosaceae and Fabaceae increased with increasing altitude. In general, the amount of antioxidant activity of honey samples shows a different percentage under the influence of ecological and geographical changes.
18F-FDG PET/CT features of Meigs syndrome induced by ovarian sex cord stromal tumors: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Hu Xianwen , Li Wenxin , Li Xiaotian , Li Dandan , Cai Jiong , Wang Pan
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was retrospectively to analyze the clinical characteristics and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings in Meigs syndrome (MS) patients. A total of 21 patients with MS induced by ovarian stromal tumors and 69 patients with pseudo-MS caused by ovarian cancer (OC-PMS) were subjected to evaluation using 18F-FDG PET/CT. Visual and semi-quantitative methods were employed to analyze the PET/CT findings. Visual analysis included recording whether the density of the primary tumor was uniform, whether there were cystic changes and calcifications, and the location of serous fluid accumulation. Semi-quantitative analysis involved the measurement of the tumor size, SUVmax, and SUVmean. No significant difference was observed in the size and density of primary tumors between the MS group and the OC-PMS group. However, the SUVmax and SUVmean of tumors in the MS group were found to be significantly lower than those in the OC-PMS group. The amount of serous cavity effusion caused by ovarian sex cord stromal tumors was found to be unrelated to the size of the tumor, SUVmax, and SUVmean but was positively correlated with the level of Ca125. MS patients have both benign ovarian tumors and ascites and/or pleural effusion, which may be accompanied by elevated Ca125 levels. This should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses for ovarian cancer. Understanding the PET/CT features of MS can facilitate the attainment of an accurate diagnosis before surgery.
Research on prevention and control technology of classified rockburst in TBM construction of deeply buried tunnels
Authors: Yang Yalei , Du Lijie , Li Qingwei , Gong Cheng , Song Yin , Wang Minyuan
Published: January 2024

Rock blasting and other geological disasters occur frequently in the TBM construction of deeply buried tunnels and seriously threaten construction safety and progress. Therefore, it is extremely important to conduct scientific research for effective prevention and control of rockbursts in construction. Based on a large number of field rockburst data, this study analyses the influence of rockburst on construction safety and efficiency by using statistical theory and summarizes the temporal and spatial characteristics of rockburst time, location and influence range. Using these results, combined with the characteristics of the TBM structure and construction method, classification prevention and control objectives, theoretical criteria and prevention and control technology of rock bursts are proposed. A theoretical system of classified prevention and control of rockburst is constructed, which is cooperatively controlled by microseismic monitoring, TBM equipment, TBM excavation and support measures. The system is verified to provide practical protection, demonstrating that this report provides an important reference for the prevention and control of rock bursts in ultradeep tunnels.
In vitro construction of the COQ metabolon unveils the molecular determinants of coenzyme Q biosynthesis
Authors: Nicoll Callum R. , Alvigini Laura , Gottinger Andrea , Cecchini Domiziana , Mannucci Barbara , Corana Federica , Mascotti María Laura , Mattevi Andrea
Published: January 2024

Metabolons are protein assemblies that perform a series of reactions in a metabolic pathway. However, the general importance and aptitude of metabolons for enzyme catalysis remain poorly understood. In animals, biosynthesis of coenzyme Q is currently attributed to ten different proteins, with COQ3, COQ4, COQ5, COQ6, COQ7 and COQ9 forming the iconic COQ metabolon. Yet several reaction steps conducted by the metabolon remain enigmatic. To elucidate the prerequisites for animal coenzyme Q biosynthesis, we sought to construct the entire metabolon in vitro. Here we show that this approach, rooted in ancestral sequence reconstruction, reveals the enzymes responsible for the uncharacterized steps and captures the biosynthetic pathway in vitro. We demonstrate that COQ8, a kinase, increases and streamlines coenzyme Q production. Our findings provide crucial insight into how biocatalytic efficiency is regulated and enhanced by these biosynthetic engines in the context of the cell.
Regional and global hotspots of arsenic contamination of topsoil identified by deep learning
Authors: Wu Mengting , Qi Chongchong , Derrible Sybil , Choi Yosoon , Fourie Andy , Ok Yong Sik
Published: January 2024

Topsoil arsenic (As) contamination threatens the ecological environment and human health. However, traditional methods for As identification rely on on-site sampling and chemical analysis, which are cumbersome, time-consuming, and costly. Here we developed a method combining visible near infrared spectra and deep learning to predict topsoil As content. We showed that the optimum fully connected neural network model had high robustness and generalization (R-Square values of 0.688 and 0.692 on the validation and testing sets). Using the model, the relative As content at regional and global scales were estimated and the human populations that might potentially be affected were determined. We found that China, Brazil, and California are topsoil As-contamination hotspots. Other areas, e.g., Gabon, although also at great risk, are rarely documented, making them potential hotspots. Our results provided guidance for regions that require more detailed detection or timely soil remediation and can assist in alleviating global topsoil-As contamination.
Biomaterial-assisted strategies to improve islet graft revascularization and transplant outcomes
Authors: Qi Boyang , Ding Yang , Zhang Ying , Kou Longfa , Zhao Ying-Zheng , Yao Qing
Published: January 2024

Islet transplantation holds significant promise as a curative approach for type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Synthesis of NiFe-layered double hydroxides using triethanolamine-complexed precursors as oxygen evolution reaction catalysts: effects of Fe valence
Authors: Luo Guoqiang , Feng Haoran , Zhang Ruizhi , Zheng Yingqiu , Tu Rong , Shen Qiang
Published: January 2024

The OER performance of NiFe-LDH-based electrocatalysts prepared using triethanolamine-complexed precursors exhibits significant dependence on the iron valence state in iron sources.
Quasi-2D Bi0.775Ln0.225O1.5 (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu): reversible iodine intercalation and their evaluation as the anode in the lithium-ion battery system
Authors: Yadav Priyanka , Rao Shivangi , Sreejith O. V. , Murugan Ramaswamy , Nagarajan Rajamani
Published: January 2024

Iodine has been intercalated reversibly in quasi-two-dimensional Bi0.775Ln0.225O1.5 and showed better electrochemical characteristics than the non-intercalated samples in the Li-ion battery system.
Synergistic effect of K and Zn on Fe-based catalysts for efficient CO2 hydrogenation
Authors: Lyu Jia-Min , Yu Shen , Liu Zhan , Du He-You , Sun Ming-Hui , Guo Chun-Mu , Wang Yi-Long , Li Yu , Chen Li-Hua , Su Bao-Lian
Published: January 2024

The synergistic effect of K and Zn endows Fe-based catalysts with significantly promoted CO2 conversion and selectivity to C2–C4 olefins during CO2 hydrogenation.
Nanostructured single-atom catalysts derived from natural building blocks
Authors: Zhang Yajing , Yang Guobin , Wang Jin , Zhao Bin , He Yunxiang , Guo Junling
Published: January 2024

The emerging single-atom catalysts derived from biomass sources to date have been comprehensively summarized and discussed, including synthesis strategies, various biomass precursors, catalytic applications, existing challenges, and perspectives.
The First Year of EES Catalysis
Authors: Qiao Shi-Zhang
Published: January 2024

EES Catalysis Editor-in-Chief, Shi-Zhang Qiao, provides an overview of the journal in 2023.
Moringa pod derived antioxidant dietary fibre as a quality enhancer in goat meat nuggets
Authors: Das Annada , Biswas S. , Nanda P. K. , Chatterjee Niloy , Pal Srija , Dhar Pubali , Verma Arun K. , Bhattacharya Dipanwita , Koshy Rojison , Das Arun K.
Published: January 2024

This study revealed significant phytochemical compounds in immature moringa pods, including cinnamic acid, 3-hydroxy-benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid, phthalic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and catechin.
Direct synthesis of N-functionalized indoles through isomerization of azomethine ylides
Authors: Song Jun-Rong , Li Xiong-Jiang , Shi Jun , Chi Qin , Wu Wei , Ren Hai
Published: January 2024

A general additive-free strategy based on the isomerization of azomethine ylides generated in situ from isatin and indoline-2-carboxylic acid has been disclosed, providing direct access to N-functionalized indole scaffolds.
Highly effective and selective FeBr3-promoted deuterium bromination/cyclization of 1,n-enynes
Authors: Li Ping , Du Zhongjian , Wu Baofeng , Zhao Xin , You Yang'en
Published: January 2024

A highly effective and selective FeBr3-promoted deuterium bromination/cyclization of 1,n-enynes has been developed, affording heterocyclic alkenyl brominative compounds  with good results.
Molybdenum-catalyzed deoxygenative heterocyclization of 2-nitroazobenzenes: a novel strategy for catalytic synthesis of 2-aryl-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazoles
Authors: Liu Quanyun , Chu Haoke , Mai Junju , Yang Haobing , Shen Mei-Hua , Xu Hua-Dong
Published: January 2024

A novel strategy for the catalytic synthesis of 2-aryl-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazoles bearing various functional groups in good to excellent yields by non-noble molybdenum-catalyzed deoxygenative heterocyclization of 2-nitroazobenzenes is described.
Pressure-induced tuning of physical properties in high-throughput metal halide MSn2Br5 (M = K, Cs) perovskites for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Alam Md. Khairul , Nobin Md. Nadim Mahamud , Ali Md. Lokman
Published: January 2024

The physical properties of the ferromagnetic oxide perovskites MSn2Br5 (M = K, Cs) were thoroughly examined using the GGA + PBE formalism of density functional theory.
Design, preparation and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with chitosan/Schiff base and their use as a reusable nanocatalyst for the green synthesis of 1H-isochromenes under mild conditions
Authors: Zarei Mahshid , Naeimi Hossein
Published: January 2024

In this research, a Schiff base complex magnetic nanocatalyst was designed and prepared. The structure of Fe3O4@CS-SB-CaMgFe2O4 nanocatalyst was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, VSM, FE-SEM, EDX, Mapp scanning, BET, and TGA techniques.
Design and fabrication of a polydimethylsiloxane device for evaluating the effect of pillar geometry and configuration in the flow separation using deterministic lateral displacement
Authors: Pandit Pavan , Kong Lingxue , Samuel G. L.
Published: January 2024

Design, fabrication and characterisation of deterministic lateral displacement microfluidic devices for particle separation.
The growth of Ge and direct bandgap Ge1−xSnx on GaAs (001) by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Gunder Calbi , Maia de Oliveira Fernando , Wangila Emmanuel , Stanchu Hryhorii , Zamani-Alavijeh Mohammad , Ojo Solomon , Acharya Sudip , Said Abdulla , Li Chen , Mazur Yuriy I. , Yu Shui-Qing , Salamo Gregory J.
Published: January 2024

Germanium tin (GeSn) is a tuneable narrow bandgap material, which has shown remarkable promise for the industry of near- and mid-infrared technologies for high efficiency photodetectors and laser devices.
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as an insulin carrier in silk fibroin hydrogels for transdermal delivery via iontophoresis
Authors: Sakunpongpitiporn Phimchanok , Morarad Rawita , Naeowong Witthawat , Niamlang Sumonman , Sirivat Anuvat
Published: January 2024

Schematic: insulin-loaded PEDOT:PSS/SF hydrogels.
Solution-processed Sb2Se3 photocathodes under Se-rich conditions and their photoelectrochemical properties
Authors: Jin Hui Jin , Seong Chaeyong , Choi Gyu Wan , Seo Ji-Youn , Son Min-Kyu
Published: January 2024

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) characteristics of Se-rich Sb2Se3 photocathodes controlling the Sb–Se precursor solution with different molar ratio in the solution process: enhanced PEC performance by the improved charge transport and light utilization.
Unusual reactivity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with Fe3+ controlled by competing reactions
Authors: Djitieu Deutchoua Arlette Danelle , Ngueumaleu Yannick , Liendji Rossel Wendji , Poungoue Hanga Sarrah Sonita , Nguelo Bruno Boniface , Dedzo Gustave Kenne , Ngameni Emmanuel
Published: January 2024

The reaction between DPPH and Fe3+ proceeds through a fast disproportionation that competes with an oxidation process that slows the reaction down via DPPH regeneration.
Ultrafast and simultaneous removal of four tetracyclines from aqueous solutions using waste material-derived graphene oxide-supported cobalt–iron magnetic nanocomposites
Authors: Hossain Md Sohag , Kabir Md Humayun , Ali Shaikh Md Aftab , Haque Md Anamul , Yasmin Sabina
Published: January 2024

Ultrafast and simultaneous removal of tetracyclines from aqueous solutions using waste material-derived graphene oxide-supported cobalt–iron (GO/Co–Fe) magnetic nanocomposites.
Vibrational spectroscopic profiling of biomolecular interactions between oak powdery mildew and oak leaves
Authors: Clark Kieran R. , Goldberg Oppenheimer Pola
Published: January 2024

Probing biomolecular interactions between a forest foliar pathogen, Erysiphe alphitoides and English oak (Quercus robur) leaves via hybrid Raman spectroscopy and accompanying analytical techniques.
Voltage-dependent charge compensation mechanism and cathode electrolyte interface stability of the lithium-ion battery cathode materials LiCoO2 and LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 studied by photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Mellin Maximilian , Cherkashinin Gennady , Mohseni Elham , Phillips Robert , Jaegermann Wolfram , Hofmann Jan P.
Published: January 2024

Charge state dependent core level spectroscopy after in vacuo scratching reveals the electronic structure reasons for the high voltage limits of the relevant Li-ion battery cathode materials LiCoO2 (LCO) and LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 (NMC333).
Optimizing the gradient of electric field distribution and inhibiting charge injection in multilayer dielectric films for high capacitive performance
Authors: Li Zhicheng , Zhang Yu , Pan Zhongbin , Fan Xu , Li Peng , Huang Haiming , Wang Weiliang , Chen Weidong , Liu Jinjun , Li Weiping
Published: January 2024

Nanocomposite films obtain superior energy storage density, which is by far the most energy storage performance reported to date.
Dimensional diversity (0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D) in perovskite solar cells: exploring the potential of mixed-dimensional integrations
Authors: Li Xin , Aftab Sikandar , Hussain Sajjad , Kabir Fahmid , Henaish A. M. A. , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Pallavolu Mohan Reddy , Koyyada Ganesh
Published: January 2024

This review article includes dimensional diversity and exploring the potential of mixed-dimensional integrations to improve the stability and performance of PV devices.
What can Blyholder teach us about PFAS degradation on metal surfaces?
Authors: Jenness Glen R. , Shukla Manoj K.
Published: January 2024

The C–F bond in PFAS has been shown to have an anti-bonding orbital that can interact with metal surfaces, allowing for its degradation.
Effectiveness of the use of biologically active substances (bas) at different levels of mineral nutrition of beans (paseolus vulgaris l.) grown under condition Afghanistan
Authors: Alemyar S.A. , Omran A. , Osipova A.V.
Published: January 2024

This experiment was carried out in experimental field of Alberoni University of Kapisa province of Afghanistan, in the summer of 2022 and 2023. The experiment was carried out in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatment included three different levels nitrogen (N30, N45, N60), phosphorus (P20, P40, P60), potassium (K10, K20, K30), and one level of gibberellic acid GA3 (G1 = 100ppm). This study flowing the weight of 1000-grain, Grain yield, biological yield and straw yield were affected by experimental treatments. In evaluating the effects, the highest rate of studies traits was obtained at yield parameters in bean. Moreover, due to the application of 100ppm gibberellic acid with N60, P60, K30 kg/ha the highest rate was obtained from weight of 1000 grain, Grain yield and biological yield, but in the parameter of straw yield was earned low amount then T4 during 2022 and 2023 year. In addition, investigating the effect of gibberellic acid showed that the highest rate of grain yield was obtained at T7.
Epin Plus and Epin-Extra - effective instruments for spring wheat
Authors: Nechaeva Eugenia M. , Dmitrevskaya Inna I.
Published: January 2024

A comparison experiment was done on the effective of the new organic-mineral fertilizer Epin Plus and the plant growth regulator Epin-Extra. Epin Plus contains: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron, fulic acids, 24-epibrassinolide. Epin-Extra contains 24-epibrassinolide. In the field experiment, spring wheat was grown for three years. During the growing season, the plants were sprayed with Epin-Extra and Epin Plus. Field experiment treatment includes: control, with the application of fertilizers and spraying of wheat during the growing season with Epin Plus in dose of 50 ml/ha, 70 ml/ha, 100 ml/ha, with spraying of plants with Epin-Extra at dose of 50 ml/ha. It was found that the maximum grain yield was recorded in the treatment with Epin Plus (70 ml/ha), which was 28.6% more than from control, 21.7% more than the treatment with fertilizer application, 12.2 % compared to the Epin-Extra treatment (50 ml/ha), 22% more than the Epin Plus treatment (50 ml/ha) and 20.2% more than the Epin Plus treatment (100 ml/ha). It was recorded in the control treatment grain protein was 12.9%, and in the Epin Plus treatment (70 ml/ha) – 15.8%. The gluten content of wheat grain in the Epin-Extra (50 ml/ha) and Epin Plus (70 ml/ha) treatment was 33.50 - 35.80%, in other treatment 30.5 - 31.95%.
Luminescence of neutron-irradiated quartz crystals
Authors: Mustafakulov A. , Kalandarov P. , Olimov O.
Published: January 2024

The effect of crystal structural inhomogeneities in the form of β-phases, metamict phases, as well as point defects and impurities on the kinetics of phase transformations and amorphization occurring in quartz crystals under neutron irradiation has not been sufficiently investigated.For this reason, the kinetics of gamma-luminescence (GL) and photoluminescence (FL) bands in quartz crystals grown on seeds irradiated with neutrons at a dose of 5*1018, 1019 and 5*1019 n/cm2 after additional neutron irradiation of 1016-8*1020n/cm2 in the temperature range of 77-300 K. Based on the analysis of luminescent properties, the nature of intrinsic defects in the structure of quartz crystals, their role in the formation of color and glow centers, has been studied. Based on the analysis of experimental data, the study of the luminescent properties of quartz crystals determined the properties of various centers of luminescence and the formation of color centers of crystalline quartz.
Soybean yield in mixed crops
Authors: Shitikova A.V. , Zarenkova N.V. , Negassi B.T.
Published: January 2024

The research was carried out at a field experimental station in 2023, in the conditions of a field stationary experiment. The object of research is an early (early-ripening) soybean variety Mageva, zoned for this zone. The research was aimed at studying the features of crop formation and morphoarchitectonics of soybean plants in semi-specific (mixed) crops with cereals and legumes. Studies have established changes in plant height, the number of beans, seeds, and seed weight depending on the studied variant.
Biotechnology and advanced medical technologies
Authors: Molochaeva L.G. , Mirzoeva N.M.
Published: January 2024

This study considers a complex synergy of biotechnologies and advanced medical technologies. The growing convergence of their positions is clearly shown in shaping the transformational era in healthcare. The study exposes developments ranging from precision gene editing to organ bioprinting and the rise of personalized medicine through extensive literature reviews, case study analyses, and expert interviews. Notwithstanding that these advancements promise unprecedented therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities, they also present challenges. Technological barriers in association with profound ethical problems, e.g., the implications of gene editing on future generations and issues of equity in healthcare, emphasize the complexity of this union. The article emphasizes the potential of this integration in the development of proactive health paradigms, stressing the significance of judicious utilization, continued dialogue, and ethical stewardship. The results show the following: although the fusion of biotechnologies and medical technologies holds great promise, it requires a prudent approach to research and application.
Prospects for the use of natural terpenoids in agriculture
Authors: Mukhidova Zulfiya Sh. , Zakirov Salakhutdin H. , Khazratkulova Sevara M. , Zakirova Nodira T.
Published: January 2024

As a result of the conducted phytochemical studies of sesquiterpene lactones of some plants of the genus Artemisia, Centaurea, Jurinea, and Handelia of the Asteraceae family and the study of biostimulating, mutagenic, and insecticidal activity of isolated individual lactones and total preparations in rice farming, cotton growing, as well as against termites, the following biologically active environmentally safe natural remedies have been created: an effective stimulant that, when soaking rice seeds, increases the yield 12-14 quintals per hectare as an average, promising mutant lines and two new cotton varieties have been created on the basis of the polar lactone sum (PLS), and anti-termite sesquiterpene lactones have been isolated, which at low concentrations destroy termites by 90-96%.
Impact of Natural stimulates and Antioxidant compounds on fruit quality and quantity of pomegranate trees cv. H116
Authors: Elhady Eman S. , Sushkova Liudmila O. , Hagagg Laila F. , Shahin M.F.M. , Farahat Esraa M.M.
Published: January 2024

This experiment was carried out during two seasons (2022 and 2023) to examine the effect of spraying pomegranate trees cv. H116 with extract algae at (2cm/l), salicylic acid at (0.5 g/l) and ascorbic acid at (0.5 g/l) either alone or in combination together on productivity, fruit properties and leaf mineral content. All treatments were applied as a foliar three times: at full blooming, after fruit sit and after 30 days from fruit set. The results showed that all treatments caused a significant increase in the yield and the leaf mineral content of trees compared to the control. Treated pomegranate trees with 0.5 g/l ascorbic acid + 0.5 g/l salicylic acid was the best treatment for enhancing the yield (kg), fruit weight (g) and fruit peel (%). Foliar l application on pomegranate trees with (2 cm/l algae extract + 0.5 g/l ascorbic acid + 0.5 g/l salicylic acid) was the best treatment in this study to improve the fruit juice content and its quality and obtain maximum leaf content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
The technology of green synthesis of calcium acetate from quail egg shells
Authors: Menglieva Shakhnoza , Khozhiev Sherali , Usmanova Zakira , Tukhtaev Khakim
Published: January 2024

The concept of sustainable development is centred around recycling waste materials generated by the agro-industrial complex. One of the ways to achieve this is by using biowaste derived from food products, such as quail eggshells, as a sustainable and eco-friendly raw material to replace limestone or carbonate stone in the production of calcium acetate (Ca(CH3COO)2·H2O). This research shows the possibility of producing calcium acetate in laboratory conditions by chemical transformation with acetic acid using quail eggshells as the raw material. 50 g of quail eggshells were subjected to chemical treatment with 10% acetic acid, producing 60.09 g of calcium acetate monohydrate, with a maximum yield of 76%. The X-ray diffraction data of the resulting product strongly suggested the presence of calcium acetate, and the crystallinity of the salt was found to be 72.57%. Based on these observations, it can be concluded that quail eggshells can be used as an alternative raw material for producing calcium acetate in a sustainable manner.
Institutional responses to the challenges of the Russian agro-industrial complex
Authors: Migunov Rishat A. , Syutkina Anastasia A.
Published: January 2024

The work is devoted to the complex issues of the influence of the theoretical prerequisites of institutional and neo-institutional economic theory on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the scientific theoretical foundations of institutional and neo–institutional economic theories as the basis for regulating the agricultural sector. The methodological basis of the study is an integrated approach, which examines the challenges facing the Russian agro-industrial complex and possible institutional solutions to emerging barriers. The conceptual foundations of the institutional movement at the first stage of its development and their relation to state regulation are shown. The main provisions of the theory of dirigisme and new industrial society are shown. The scientific foundations of the neo-institutional school of economic theory are formulated. It is shown that the main institutions require maximum attention from the state to ensure their functioning, sustainable long-term development of the economic system, and the social well-being of the country’s citizens. The main functions of the state, its boundaries and effectiveness conditions in the new institutional theory are defined. The main institutional mechanisms for improving institutions in the Russian agricultural sector to ensure long-term sustainable economic growth are identified: market institutions; national institutes of economic development; state institutions of economic growth in the agricultural sector; institutes for reducing volatility. The presented model allows, unlike traditional approaches, to be based on the historical development of the institutional environment, which allows to assess the justification for changing institutions in agriculture; allows to assess the compatibility of ongoing institutional changes with the established institutional environment.
Classical and neoclassical economic theory: Fundamentals of regulation for the agricultural sector
Authors: Migunovand Rishat A. , Syutkina Anastasia A.
Published: January 2024

The work is devoted to the complex issues of the influence of the theoretical assumptions of classical and neoclassical economic theory on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the scientific theoretical foundations of classical and neoclassical economic theory as the basis for regulating the agricultural sector. The methodological basis of the study is an integrated approach, in which the approaches of classical and neoclassical economic theory to the regulation of the agricultural sector are considered. The scientific foundations of classical economic theory are studied from the point of view of three concepts: “economic man”, “natural order”, and equilibrium economics. It is shown that from the point of view of the economic theory classics, the market appears to be a self-regulating mechanism that leads to maximum efficiency in production and allocation of goods, the concept: the state is a “night watchman”. The scientific foundations of neoclassical economic theory are investigated from two major methodological bases: the marginalism principle and descriptive models of economic behavior of people. The automatic mechanism of the best use of market resources is shown and, according to neoclassical theories, the competitive market, without government intervention, is able to lead to the best equilibrium results. Recommendations are given for improving market relations to ensure the economic growth of the agricultural sector in terms of intracompany and intersectoral competition.
Analyzing the Relationship between Healthcare Facility and Housing Stock Volume: A Statistical Study of the International Association of the EAEU
Authors: Niiazalieva Kunduzkul , Assylbayev Aidar , Bekjanov Dilmurad , Saidov Dilshodbek , Matjonov Bekjon
Published: January 2024

This scientific article discusses the problematic development of the construction of priority medical facilities in the context of an active growth in the construction of new housing. It highlights the significance of hospitals and outpatient clinics as the central core for assessing the quality of life of the population, and how the construction of these medical institutions is crucial in the healthcare industry. Through the use of correlation analysis, the study reveals a significant disproportionality in the construction of medical institutions compared to the growing volume of new housing stock. The article raises important questions about the need to increase the volume of construction of social facilities and align them with the needs of the surrounding residents, while ensuring equal access for all citizens. Based on analytical calculations, the study draws certain conclusions and proposes specific recommendations within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).
Determinants of CO2 emissions in the BRICS. A dynamic Panel ARDL approach
Authors: Tukhtamurodov Akobir , Sobirov Yuldoshboy , Toshalieva Saodat , Ibrayimova Dilnoza , Feruz Matkarimov
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the effects of Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, Trade Openness, Energy Consumption, and Renewable Energy on CO2 Emissions in BRICS nations. This study employs the panel ARDL model to investigate the short- and long-term effects of an association between variables. The PMG estimator has shown itself to be more trustworthy and performs at a higher level of efficiency, leading us to the conclusion that it is the preferable technique. Because the error correction parameter, also known as the adjustment coefficient, is negatively significant, the findings demonstrate that there is a long-term relationship. According to the paper’s findings, there are both short-term and long-term effects of free trade and energy consumption on CO2 emissions. In the short run, FDI has positive impact on CO2 emissions, whilst renewable energy has detrimental effect. Surprisingly, the BRICS countries have not shown a correlation between economic development and carbon dioxide emissions. These findings may encourage policymakers in these countries in better recognizing the complexities of this occurrence, which in turn can assist direct future choices about this growing international security danger. Keywords: BRICS, Energy, Trade, CO2, Panel ARDL.
Directions of ecological business development in the regional economic system
Authors: Rakhimov Tukhtabek , Hudayberganov Dilshod , Yusupova Ilmira , Palvaniyazov Anvar , Urozov Azamat
Published: January 2024

Today, the development of ecological entrepreneurship is a demand of the times, and it depends on the production potential of the regions. The most important aspect of the regions is its economic system, which focuses on the ecological aspects of the development of entrepreneurship, which is determined by the importance of the development of ecological entrepreneurship. These issues are directly reflected in this article written by the authors, in which Khorezm region was chosen as the object of research. Also, in the article, a SWOT-analysis of the development of ecological entrepreneurship in the region was carried out, by carrying out this analysis, priority directions for the wide development of ecological entrepreneurship in the region were proposed, and this allows for the development of plans and programs aimed at the future development of the region.
The Effects of Service Quality on Tourist Loyalty Towards Malaysian Budget Hotels
Authors: Abdul Latif Samshul Amry , Syed Nasir Sharifah Nabiha , Matyakubov Umidjon , Isaqov Rasulbek
Published: January 2024

The hotel industry plays a vital role in tourism development by providing visitor accommodation facilities. This paper focuses on the effects of service quality on the budget hotel industry in Malaysia. Despite the increasing number of tourists opting for budget hotels in recent years, issues related to service quality have affected tourist satisfaction and loyalty, posing significant challenges for the budget hotel sector to maintain its business. The study analyzed the effects of service quality on tourist loyalty towards budget hotels and identified the most influential factor in service quality that affects tourist loyalty. A quantitative approach was employed in this study, and the findings indicate that the responsiveness quality dimension has the most significant effect on tourist loyalty. In contrast, assurance and reliability have no significant effects. Budget hotels must improve their service quality, specifically responsiveness, to enhance tourist loyalty and maintain their business in the highly competitive hotel industry.
Opportunities and threats of cryosphere change to the achievement of UN 2030 SDGs
Authors: Wang Shijin
Published: January 2024

The cryosphere plays a critical role in maintaining the stability of the social-ecological system, but rapid cryosphere changes have been and are wide-ranging and have a profound affect, even threatening the achievement of the UN’s 2030 sustainable development goals (SDGs). In the study, we review the opportunities and threats caused by cryosphere changes in achieving the SDGs. The results reveal that cryosphere changes are significantly related to the supply of sustainable fresh water (SDG 6), alpine hydropower (SDG 7), and climate action (SDG 13). In addition, they favorably support life on land and below water (SDG 14-15), and effectively affect the livelihoods (SDG 1-5), agricultural development (SDG 2), snow/ice tourism (SDG 8), infrastructure (SDG 9), regional inequality (SDG 10), and cities and communities (SDG 11), as well as affecting Arctic shipping routes (SDG 16). Long-term cryosphere threats far outweigh their contributions to the SDGs. The cryosphere contributes little to human emissions, but it is significantly affected by climate change. Areas affected by cryosphere changes need to strengthen resilience and enhance the ability to adapt to the influences of cryosphere changes (SDG 1-17) via financial transfer, multilateral international cooperation, and other practical policies.
Baffle structure effects on mass transfer and pressure drop of HT-PEMFC with orientated flow channels
Authors: Ye Lihua , Cheng Xing , Shi Yefan , Li Zekai , Ke Chenglong , He Zhou , Shi Aiping
Published: January 2024

Flow field design is critical to improving the overall performance of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Adding baffles in the flow channel has been proven to be effective in enhancing mass transfer. In this study, fuel cells with different baffle numbers, heights, and arrangements are numerically simulated to investigate the effects of reactant velocity, concentration distribution, and pressure drop on mass transfer and output performance. The results show that baffles are beneficial in improving cell performance, especially under high current density. With the increase in baffle number and height, the concentration of the reactant at the outlet decreases and the output power increases with the increase in pressure drop. The net power density growth rate is defined to characterize the cell performance. A lower pressure drop reduces the pumping power loss generated during reactant transfer, resulting in a staggered baffle structure with the highest net power density of 4329.65 W/m2. Compared with the traditional and parallel baffle channels, this value is improved by about 11.74% and 4.83%, respectively. Therefore, the optimized baffle channel can enhance the mass transfer, reduce the pumping power, and further improve the cell performance, providing an effective guide for the optimal design and development direction of the orientated flow channel.