bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parental Position towards Adult Children: Development and Approbation of Method
Authors: Egorov R.N. , Shapovalenko I.V.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the development of the author’s methodology for determining the parental position in relation to adult children. The creation of the questionnaire was one of the main objectives of the study, aimed at identifying and describing various types of parental position in relation to adult children. At the main stage of the work, 167 parents (mothers and fathers) of children aged 18 to 30 were interviewed. In the course of the study, the statistical analysis of the method using the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was carried out, the checking of the internal consistency of the scales, its retest reliability and validation. As a result, the structure of the questionnaire was clarified and a conclusion was drawn on its applicability for research purposes. During the study, the main factors that determine the nature of the relationship between parents and adult children (“adoption” and “control”) have been established, on the basis of which 4 types of parental position in relation to adult children have been empirically identified: autonomous, detached, controlling, balanced.
Psychological Changes in the State of the Personality in the Deprivation Conditions of the Self-Quarantine
Authors: Vlasenko A.I.
Published: January 2021

In 2020, an event took place in the world community that entailed colossal changes in society – the coronavirus pandemic, which affected all spheres of human life (from economic to social), leading to a crisis not only financial, but also existential. The introduced self-quarantine affected all strata of society, and the created deprivation conditions had a negative impact on the psychological state of the personality, which enhances the relevance of the scientific study of this problem. In general, the work is aimed at analyzing approaches to the phenomenon of deprivation, considering its types and effects on the human body; highlighting the consequences of the self-quarantine, which affected the psychological state of people. As a methodology, a theoretical analysis of the literature on the research problem (retrospective, comparative analyzes, methods of generalization, systematization) was used. The article notes that the self-quarantine generates social deprivation of the personality, described in the psychological and related sciences, and entails many negative consequences for the state of people, to minimize which it is necessary to follow the proposed recommendations.
Highlights on the morphology, prognostic factors, diagnostics, and treatment (chemotherapy, chemotherapy + radiation, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and surgery) in small cell lung cancer
Authors: Bychkov Mark B. , Kuzminov A. E.
Published: January 2021

The article present a review and experience from a a single institution on the morphology, diagnostics, and treatment (chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy)) of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The characteristic molecular, genetic, histological, and immunohistochemical features of NSCLC and SCLC are compared. An important issue of SCLC histogenesis is highlighted, taking into account its neuroendocrine characteristics. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with SCLC and other clinical features of SCLC are discussed. The algorithm of examination of a patient with histologically or cytologically confirmed SCLC, staging schemes, and main prognostic factors are presented. The following aspects of chemoradiotherapy of localized SCLC are considered: features of early, late, simultaneous, and sequential therapy, and the need for whole brain radiotherapy in patients with localized and extensive SCLC. The article discusses the treatment algorithm for extensive disease SCLC, taking into account the recent success of chemoimmunotherapy in the first-line treatment of SCLC. As is known, the combinations of atezolizumab, etoposide, carboplatin and durvalumab, etoposide, cisplatin, or carboplatin showed a real benefit compared to chemotherapy alone. Although the second line treatment has not changed, it is now possible to prescribe a third line therapy because of the proven effectiveness of immunotherapy. Targeted therapy, although not shown to be effective in SCLC, is discussed in terms of the key features of genetic alterations as a possible target for therapy. An important issue in the treatment of patients with superior vena cava syndrome is considered separately. The tasks of future prospective research in SCLC are described.
Informative application of the instrumental diagnosis of scar integrity in the experimental model of the uterine cavity
Authors: Alekseeva Anastasia Yu. , Mochalova Marina N.
Published: January 2021

Currently, the frequency of deliveries by cesarean section is steadily increasing. Independent childbirth in women with a uterine scar is one of the mechanisms of its reduction. Meanwhile, the delivery of this category of patients through the natural birth canal requires the development of a safe and effective method for assessing scar integrity in the early postpartum period. For this purpose, a new instrumental diagnostics method has been developed, with its information content compared to manual examination data in an experimental model of the uterus. Each model was made of a bovine heart and had three defects with diameters less than 0.5 cm, 0.5-0.8 cm and 0.8-1.2 cm. Defects with diameters less than 0.5 cm were not detected by any of the methods studied. Defects with a diameter of 0.5-0.8 cm were detected using the developed device in 90 % (45/50) of cases and using manual examination in 44 % (22/50) of cases (2 = 23.93, p 0.001), defects with a diameter of 0.8-1.2 cm being detected in 100% (50/50) and 98% (49/50) of cases, respectively (2 = 1.01, p = 0.32). The information content of the instrumental model exceeds that of the manual study by 1.34 times (RR = 1.34, 95 % CI 1.09-1.65, p 0.05). Therefore, the possibility of testing this device in clinical trials needs to be considered.
Suboptimal response to controlled ovarian stimulation in IVF / ICSI cycles
Authors: Nguyen Cong Tuan , Niauri Dariko A. , Dzhemlikhanova Lyailya Kh. , Kogan Igor Yu. , Krikheli Inna O. , Mekina Irina D. , Lesik Elena A. , Komarova Evgenia M. , Ishchuk Maria A. , Gzgzyan Alexander M.
Published: January 2021

Hypothesis/Aims of study. Currently, the frequency of suboptimal response (4-9 retrieved oocytes) to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in woman is quite high; however, its efficacy is poorly studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the main characteristics of IVF / ICSI programs in patients with a suboptimal response to COS.
Study design, materials and methods. We performed a retrospective study of 412 IVF / ICSI cycles in women with a suboptimal response to COS, including a comparative analysis of clinical and embryological parameters, ovarian reserve and the efficacy of IVF / ICSI protocols.
Results. Clinical pregnancy rate in ovarian stimulation cycles with a suboptimal response to COS was 27.9%. The efficacy of assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs in women with uterine fibroids was significantly lower than in patients without fibroids (19.1% vs. 30.5%, p = 0.03; OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.31-0.95). Clinical pregnancy rate in patients with male factor infertility was significantly higher than in women with anovulation (37.1% vs. 20.9%, р = 0.005; OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.27-3.94) or tubal factor infertility (37.1% vs. 24.8%, р = 0.02; OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.09-2.94). There were significant correlations between the number of retrieved oocytes with serum anti-Mllerian hormone (AMH) concentration (r = 0.32, p 0.001) and antral follicle count (AFC) (r = 0.38, p 0.001). In addition, the need for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) preparations during COS correlated significantly with ovarian reserve parameters (AMH and AFC) (r = 0.45 and 0.44, both p 0.001, respectively) and the age of patients (r = 0.47; p 0.001).
Conclusion. The clinical pregnancy rate in women with a suboptimal response to COS was low. Concomitant uterine fibroids represented an additional factor of negative influence on IVF / ICSI outcomes in women with a suboptimal response to COS. The male factor of infertility in patients with a suboptimal response did not reduce the efficacy of ART programs. Ovarian reserve parameters in women with a suboptimal response correlated with the need for FSH preparations during COS and the number of retrieved oocytes.
Headache as a difficult case. Is it always possible to make a diagnosis?
Authors: Kurmaeva Elena A. , Solovyeva Nailya A. , Kulakova Galina A.
Published: January 2021

The authors give their own clinical observation of a patient with a headache. Headache is one of the most common complaints and a diagnostic search requires a multidisciplinary approach. It is important for any specialist to answer the question with what headache he is dealing with. Is this a primary headache as a leading symptom of damage to the nervous system, or is it a secondary headache that has arisen against the background of somatic disease, as one of the manifestations of the symptoms of the disease? The next question is the choice of a diagnostic algorithm to determine the cause of the headache, and each specialist has his own one. The pediatrician primarily eliminates the secondary headache associated with an acute process or exacerbation of a chronic disease, and studies inflammatory markers. The neurologist is rather aimed at eliminating the primary headache, and the research algorithm is designed to search for an organic disease from the nervous system. In the presented clinical observation, a wide range of high-tech studies was carried out, which did not allow to determine the final diagnosis in this case.
Psychopatology as a cultural paradigm
Authors: Uzlov Nikolaj D.
Published: January 2021

In the context of models of modern society (modernism, postmodernism and post-postmodernism), psychopathological phenomena are considered that correspond to them in the form of neurosis, schizophrenia, as well as schizotypal disorder, pseudo-autism and digital dementia.
Major aspects of working-age population disability caused by mental disorders
Authors: Beybalaeva Tangyul Z. , Yakhin Kausar K.
Published: January 2021

The scientific review reveals the relevance of the problem of persistent disability in patients with mental disorders as one of the most important indicators of public health. It has been shown that organic pathology plays an important role in increasing of incidence of disability due to mental disorders in people of working age. In addition, the clinical and epidemiological data of recent years, confirming the large scatter of disability rates across regions and the poorly understood clinical factors that determine disability in organic mental disorders, are presented. The need for further study of predictors of health deterioration as well as risk factors for persistent disability in order to solve the problems of preventing disability and to develop personalized programs of medical and social rehabilitation is discussed.
DOES FINANCIAL LITERACY EFFECT TO PERFOMANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY OF CULINARY MSMEs IN GREATER JAKARTA?
Authors: Kaban Reny Fitriana , Safitry Martina
Published: January 2021

Abstract This research aims to find out whether financial literacy effects performance and sustainability of culinary MSME. Respondents are 100 managers or owners of culinary MSMEs in Greater Jakarta who are responsible for making decisions regards the business and selected by purposive sampling. Structured questionnaire consisted of type of quiz modified from the Basic Indonesian Financial Literacy Index to determine financial literacy and modification of the EFQM Excellence Model to measure performance based on the perception of how far the respondent reaches the indicators of business results. Questions of business sustainability is modified from the Triple Bottom Line reporting indicator to measure sustainability of business operations in terms of economic, environmental and social aspects. SEM model is used to analyze data. The result showed financial literacy has a significant effect to performance of culinary MSME as well as the performance has a significant effect to sustainability of culinary MSME. However, financial literacy does not have a significant effect to sustainability of culinary MSME. It is strongly recommended to management of culinary MSMEs to increase their management capacity in term of financial literacy especially ability to be engaged with digital and financial technology.Keywords: Business performance, Culinary MSME, Financial literacy, Sustainability
The Effect of Customer Engagement Social Media to Brand Loyalty Indosat Ooredoo
Authors: Afifah Lafi , Chan Arianis , Nirmalasari Healthy
Published: January 2021

This research aims to study and determine about the condition of customer engagement social media, the condition of brand loyalty on Indosat Ooredoo and effects of customer engagement social media to brand loyalty on Indosat Ooredoo. The research method that used is descriptive research and the design of research is survey. The sampling technique that used is non-probability sampling and done by using purposive sampling with 300 respondents. Meanwhile, data analysis that used is simple linear regression-analysis, the coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing.The result of this study shown the condition of customer engagement and brand loyalty on Indosat Ooredoo has been good. Furthermore, there is significant effect from customer engagement social media to brand loyalty on Indosat Ooredoo at medium level. It is mean every increasing  from customer engagement will impact to increasing on brand loyalty.
PENGARUH DANA PENSIUN TERHADAP PARTISIPASI KERJA LANJUT USIA
Authors: Kartikasari Dewi
Published: January 2021

Jumlah penduduk lansia yang meningkat tajam, partisipasi kerja yang tinggi dan belum memiliki jaminan pensiun dapat menyebabkan lansia rentan miskin. Kemampuan fisik dan mental juga mulai mengalami penurunan. Untuk menjaga kualitas hidup, kesehatan lansia harus terjaga dengan tidak terpaksa bekerja. Faktor pengaruh dana pensiun terhadap partisipasi kerja lansia sangat bervariasi sehingga diperlukan adanya pengembangan penelitian. Menggunakan data IFLS 5, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh dana pensiun terhadap partisipasi kerja lansia yang dikontrol berdasarkan karakteristik individu, rumah tangga dan indikator komunitas dengan preferensi risiko dan asuransi kesehatan sebagai instrumen. Dengan menggunakan metode IV 2SLS, penelitian ini menemukan semakin tinggi jumlah penerima dana pensiun, partisipasi kerja lansia akan menurun. Lansia yang memiliki dana pensiun dengan tingkat pendidikan tinggi, tinggal di perkotaan, pekerja formal, serta menerima bantuan keuangan, memiliki kemungkinan bekerja lebih kecil. Artinya mereka sejahtera saat tua. Oleh karena itu, intervensi pemerintah diperlukan untuk mendorong pemberi kerja dan tenaga kerja untuk ikut aktif menjadi peserta jaminan pensiun, khususnya terhadap pekerja dengan pendidikan rendah, tinggal di pedesaan dan pekerja informal.
La orientación educativa y familiar en el ámbito escolar
Authors: Ruíz José Raúl , Gómez Becerra Juan Carlos
Published: January 2021

El artículo presenta los resultados de la investigación sobre modelos de Orientación Familiar en la Educación

Media realizada con colegios de formación católica de la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia), entre los años 2016 y 2017. El estudio se planteó a partir de la relación entre agentes y contextos en la Orientación Familiar —los cuáles se convierten en las unidades de comprensión— en interacción con tres instituciones educativas de educación básica y media. La metodología integró la revisión de documentos institucionales de cada colegio y la realización de entrevistas y grupos focales con la comunidad educativa, siendo determinante el trabajo con los orientadores y orientadoras educativas, estudiantes, padres, madres, cuidadores y directivos, a través de la hermenéutica como tradición epistemológica. Los resultados ofrecen a directivos y profesores de las instituciones de educación media, alternativas de acción para promover la orientación familiar, como una opción válida para el abordaje de problemas escolares en relación con las familias y los

estudiantes.
Using a Species Distribution Approach to Model Historic Camas (Camassia quamash) in Southern Idaho and Implications for Foraging in the Late Archaic
Authors: Johnson Royce
Published: January 2021

Camas (Camassia quamash) is well documented as a traditional native food source throughout the Northwestern United States and Canada. A better understanding of the historic distribution of camas in Idaho would help to distinguish root foraging in this region from the Pacific Northwest. Modern grazing, development, climate change, and other factors have decimated native camas in this region. This study uses a species distribution model (MaxEnt) to provide a well-informed geospatial projection of the historic distribution and habitat characteristics of camas in Southern Idaho. Understanding the most significant landscape and climate characteristics for camas allows us to estimate suitable habitats, and therefore the potential influence of camas on human diet breadth and mobility in the Late Archaic.
Identification and Characterization of Candidate Staphylococcus aureus Antigens for Inclusion in a Multivalent Bovine Mastitis Vaccine
Authors: Scarbrough Danielle
Published: January 2021

Bovine mastitis, inflammation typically caused by bacterial infection, is the most
prevalent disease affecting the global dairy industry. Staphylococcus aureus remains
one of the most important pathogens implicated in the disease and can persist within herds at
subclinical levels. A preventative S. aureus bovine mastitis vaccine would
substantially lessen costs associated with treatment and restore revenue lost due to decreased
milk production. One such experimental vaccine is the IsdA-CTA2/B + ClfA-CTA2/B vaccine,
containing the S. aureus antigens IsdA and ClfA , each fused to the nontoxic
A2/B subunits of cholera toxin, which serves as an adjuvant. Previous clinical studies
have indicated protective, but not fully preventative, effects following vaccination in cows.
Additional antigens are required to increase vaccine efficacy. To identify priority candidate
vaccine antigens, a combined proteomics and transcriptomics approach was implemented. S. aureus was
cultured in traditional LB broth and, to replicate biological conditions in the bovine udder, skim
milk. S. aureus extracts were subsequently analyzed by mass spectrometry
and Next Generation RNA sequencing to measure unique surface proteins and upregulated
genes in skim milk culture conditions. Selected candidates were further prioritized by
subcellular localization to the cell periphery and by adhesin probability. Top candidate
vaccine antigens identified include: fibrinogen-binding protein (Fib), bifunctional autolysin
(Atl), thermonuclease (Nuc), autolysin/adhesin (Aaa), secretory antigen SsaA-like protein, and
zinc ABC transporter substrate-binding protein.
Treatment outcomes of sinonasal tumours with neuroendocrine features
Authors: Valente Pedro , Farinha Mónica , Jácome Manuel , Guimarães Joana , Monteiro Eurico
Published: January 2021

Background: Sinonasal tumours with neuroendocrine immunophenotype include olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) and sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC). These neoplasms usually present in advanced stages and are associated with poor outcome. This study describes the clinical features of these tumours and analyzes treatment outcomes of patients with these malignancies.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients with sinonasal tumours diagnosed from 2009 to 2019, in a tertiary cancer centre. Clinical and histopathological prognostic factors were determined by univariate analysis. Overall survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method.  

Results: A total of 27 patients (77.8% male) with a mean age of 52.0±16.8 years were included in the study. ONB was diagnosed in 9 patients, SNEC in 10 patients and SNUC in 8 patients. TNM stage IV disease was found in 20 patients (74.0%) at presentation. According to staging and treatment results, curative therapy was attempted in 21 patients (77.8%), of whom sixteen (76.2%) received multimodality treatment. Overall mean survival was 49 months and 1-year, 3-years and 5-years overall survival rates were 70.5%, 47.3% and 37.8%, respectively. Patients with SNEC had worse overall survival (p=0.044). Regarding treatment options, patients with SNUC treated with surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy had improved overall survival (p=0.027), as well as patients with SNEC selected for endoscopic resection surgery (p=0.049).

Conclusions: Accurate histologic diagnosis, grading, and clinical staging are essential for characterization and treatment selection in this heterogeneous group of sinonasal tumours. Consensus in the management of these tumours is lacking due to their rarity, difficulties in diagnosis and diverse current treatment approaches.

 
Chronic rhinosinusitis: is any indication for Caldwell-Luc approach in endoscopic sinus surgery era?
Authors: Lupoi Daniel
Published: January 2021

Background: Caldwell-Luc procedure was the gold standard procedure for chronic maxillary sinusitis until the endoscopic sinus surgery developed more and more. The aim of this study was to show the importance of Caldwell-Luc surgical approach in endoscopic sinus surgery era.

Methods: Prospective study between 2009 and 2019 in the ENT Department of the Clinical Hospital Sfânta Maria from Bucharest. The inclusion criteria were as follows: adult patients diagnosed clinical and paraclinical with isolated chronic maxillary rhinosinusitis in whom correctly conducted drug treatment failed and, according to current therapeutic guidelines, had indication for surgical treatment. The treatment method consisted of a surgical approach, which was classic or endoscopic, depending on the situation imposed on each patient.  

Results: The application of the inclusion criteria in the study led in a group of 521 patients, of which 282 men (54.12%) and 239 women (45.87%). Following the accounting of the days of hospitalization and those of medical leave at discharge, a number of days of absenteeism of 13.85 days resulted in the case of patients treated classically and 8.62 days for those treated endoscopically. Also the endoscopic group had a better endoscopic and VAS score postoperatively.

Conclusions: Surgical treatment of maxillary sinus can be minimally invasive- endoscopic, extended endoscopic or classical open surgery. Open classic surgical treatment remains the last treatment alternative, with indication for rhinosinusal recurrences or the imminence of complications. Endoscopic surgery is the “gold standard” for chronic maxillary rhinosinusitis.

 
Principles and philosophies, experiences and challenges associated with undertaking otorhinolaryngologic surgical practices and procedures in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hernot Sharad , Pandey Apoorva Kumar , Kaintura Madhuri , Bhardwaj Aparna , Anjum Fatma , Kala Sonal , Arora Kanika
Published: January 2021

Background: To highlight the changes, challenges, and safety recommendations associated with surgical management of a patient which were practiced effectively at our institute during the pandemic and share our experience.

Methods: This retrospective observational descriptive study conducted between 25th March 2020 and 31st October 2020 constitutes of following points covering various aspects of surgical management of patient such as- general precautions followed by otrorhinolaryngologist while doing OPD surgical procedures, while doing endoscopy, in every major operative elective or emergency surgical procedure. This study also mentions focussed considerations for specialised surgical procedures like otology surgeries, endoscopic sinus and skull base surgeries, airway surgeries, tracheostomy, head and neck carcinoma etc.  

Results: Of the 342 cases operated between 25th March 2020 and 31st October 2020 during this pandemic, 69 nasal surgeries, 83 ear surgeries, 37 throat surgeries, 37 head and neck surgeries, 26 oesophagoscopies, 17 bronchoscopies, 63 tracheostomies, and 10 cases of maxillofacial trauma were performed. 983 patients were taken up for endoscopic examination of the mucosa of the head and neck in OPD as an office-based procedure.

Conclusions: Through this study, we suggest a safety and recommendations procedural framework to be followed while managing surgical patients in a way to minimise the cross transmission of virus.
Evaluation of graft uptake using temporalis fascia and cartilage perichondrium supplemented with autologous platelet rich plasma in tympanoplasty
Authors: Ankle N. R. , Havaldar Rajesh Radhakrishna , Sinha Sweta
Published: January 2021

Background: Tympanoplasty involves grafting the perforation of the tympanic membrane with materials such as temporalis fascia, cartilage perichondrium, periosteum, vein, fat etc. Both temporalis fascia and cartilage perichondrium are easy to harvest with minimum donor site complications and both have been used extensively in tympanoplasty. Platelet rich plasma aids as an adhesive and supplements healing by providing growth factors. Till date there is scarcity of literature comparing the healing outcome of both cartilage perichondrium and temporalis fascia supplemented with platelet rich plasma. Hence, in this study we are comparing cartilage perichondrium supplemented with platelet rich plasma and temporalis fascia supplemented with platelet rich plasma.  

Methods: An observational study involving 60 patients was done. Patients with chronic otitis media were evaluated by otoendoscopy to assess the ear and were categorised into 2 groups which received temporalis fascia and cartilage perichondrium respectively. All cases were supplemented with platelet rich plasma. Post-operative assessment was done by otoendoscopy.   

Results: Total 21 patients received temporalis fascia and 39 patients received cartilage perichondrium. At the end of 6 weeks the graft site appeared unhealthy in 6.66% cases who received temporalis fascia and 1.66% in those who received cartilage perichondrium.  

Conclusions: We found that cartilage perichondrium supplemented with platelet rich plasma had a better uptake after 6 weeks due to its superior mechanical stability. The results are more rewarding than the use of temporalis fascia with platelet rich plasma.
A clinical study on laryngotracheal injuries following endotracheal intubation
Authors: Gadag Raveendra P. , Sreedevi Nidhi Mohan , Kizhakkilott Nikhila , Muthuraj Vijayalakshmi , Dange Prajwal S. , Dandinarasaiah Manjunath
Published: January 2021

Background: Despite major advances in the design of endotracheal tubes and developments in the management of difficult airways, endotracheal intubation remains by far the most common cause of laryngotracheal injuries (LTI). These LTI are challenging to manage and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Hence, the present study was done to find out the incidence, types of LTI and to study the factors affecting the same.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on patients who were intubated for more than 48 hours and admitted in medical intensive care units in a tertiary referral hospital, for a period of 1 year. All patients following extubation were evaluated for LTI by x-ray neck (antero-posterior and lateral view), rigid endoscopy and flexible naso-pharyngo-laryngoscopy.  

Results: Thirty patients were included in the study. Majority of the patients (56.6%) were found normal while 43.2% patients were having LTI following extubation in the form of bilateral vocal cord fixation, subglottic stenosis, granulation tissue in the posterior commissure and in the trachea. Majority of these patients were aged less than 45 years, with duration of intubation for more than 10 days, with tube size more than 7 mm. Organo-phosphourous (OP) poisoning was the etiology for LTI in 69.2% cases.

Conclusions: A high incidence of LTI especially in cases of OP poisoning warrants one to be cautious in managing these intubated patients. Those patients requiring prolonged intubation should be considered for other alternative airway managements like tracheostomy in addition to using low pressure, high volume cuffed tubes. Adequate training of the emergency personnel in the intubation technique and its subsequent care is important especially in a tertiary referral center.
Clinicoepidemiological profile and practices to manage dizziness in primary care setting: results from an Indian registry
Authors: Prabhat Divya , Kiran Ganga
Published: January 2021

Background: Dizziness is a common symptom encountered in primary care settings by general physicians and specialists. This study evaluated the clinicoepidemiological profile and management practices in patients with dizziness in an Indian primary care setting.

Methods: This prospective, multicentric, observational study was conducted between November 2018 and June 2019. Patients aged≥18 years presenting with clinical features of dizziness were eligible. The study data included demographics and socioeconomic details, complete medical history, medication and concomitant medication use, and the cause and pattern of dizziness. Patients had a baseline visit and two follow-up visits at weeks 1 and 4.   

Results: Overall, 1000 patients with a mean age of 45.1 years were included (women: 51.5%; men: 48.5%). Of these, 762 reported dizziness as a primary complaint; whereas, 238 reported it as a complaint associated with nausea, vomiting and light-headedness on visit 1, which reduced on subsequent visits. Around 34% of the patients were unemployed and 59% belonged to the upper-middle class. The most common co-morbidities were hypertension and diabetes mellitus (n=132, each). More than 50% of the patients presented with vestibular cause (n=577), followed by neurologic (n=179), metabolic (n=84) and psychiatric (n=61) etiologies. Betahistine (n=581) and prochlorperazine (n=312) were the commonly prescribed medicines for primary and associated complaints. The most commonly used concomitant medications were telmisartan (n=53), glimepiride plus metformin (n=40), metformin (n=32) and ondansetron (n=29).  

Conclusions: Dizziness has a multifactorial origin necessitating a multifactorial treatment approach. Betahistine and prochlorperazine were the most commonly prescribed drugs in the primary care setting (CTRI/2018/11/016408).  
Does age of patient impact the outcome of tympanoplasty? A study in a tertiary care center
Authors: Jaiswani Geetanjali , Kumar Rajesh , Chakraborty Priyanko
Published: January 2021

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one of the most common cause of reversible conductive hearing loss in world especially in countries with poor socio-economic status, poor nutritional habits, hygiene and lack of health education. It affects both sexes and all age groups. Successful outcome of tympanoplasty depends on various factors.

Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate impact of age on outcome of type 1 tympanoplasty. Cases were selected, after proper history taking and preoperative evaluations, type 1 tympanoplasty was conducted under local anesthesia with temporalis fascia graft using underlay technique through post-auricular approach. Patients were followed up in postoperative period for 6 months.

Results: Best results were observed in age group of 21-40 years and poorer outcomes were seen in patients more than 40 years and those less than 20 years age.

Conclusions: The outcome of type 1 tympanoplasty is affected by age of patient.
Supraglottic laryngeal lymphomatoid granulomatosis in an immunocompetent patient: a case report
Authors: Harvey-Bolduc Simon-Pierre , Guay Benoit
Published: January 2021

Lymphomatoïd granulomatosis is a rare lymphoproliferative disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus described in 1972 by Liebow. The most common primary localization is the lungs. Other systems are affected occasionally such as the skin, central nervous system, renal and gastrointestinal system. Some cases have been described at the laryngeal level in immunosuppressed patients. This is a case report of supraglottic lymphomatoid granulomatosis in an immunocompetent patient.  A literature review on lymphomatoid granulomatosis will be detailed and the clinical case will be described including investigations, treatment and follow-up. The differential diagnosis of this pathology as well as the importance of histopathology will also be discussed. Several radiological imaging and histopathology slides will be presented. Emphasis will be placed on the difficulty of diagnosis given the frequent multisystem involvement and on the importance of the multidisciplinary team approach including otolaryngology, haematology-oncology, nephrology, pathology and radiology. We will end with a discussion about the case with reference to the current literature on the subject.
Retropharyngeal space lipoma: an unusual cause of dysphagia
Authors: Asoegwu Chinyere N. , Wakwe Nkiruka A. , Nwawolo Clement C.
Published: January 2021

Lipomas are uncommon in the head and neck region and rare in the retropharyngeal space. Lipoma of the retropharyngeal space may cause aerodigestive tract obstruction presenting as dyspnea and or dysphagia. The presenting symptoms will depend on the size and site of the lipoma in the retropharyngeal space. We present the case of a 57 years old male with 6 months’ history of progressive dysphagia to solid foods only and no positive sign on clinical examination. The barium swallow was normal. The computed tomography (CT) scan showed a moderate-sized homogenous mass of fat density in the hypopharyngeal section of the retropharyngeal space. Diagnosis of dysphagia caused by retropharyngeal lipoma was made. This was surgically excised via the trans-cervical route with no complications, complete resolution of symptoms, and no recurrence 2 years after on follow-up. In the dysphagia of unknown cause, retropharyngeal space lipoma should be considered.
¿Quién le teme a la inteligencia?: Posibilidades y riesgos de la inteligencia artificial en el Estado digital
Authors: Cabrol Marcelo , Sánchez Ávalos Roberto
Published: January 2021

Desde las acciones reactivas frente a la pobreza características de la primera revolución industrial, hasta los enfoques de promoción de los derechos humanos típicos del siglo XX, la función del Estado frente al ciudadano ha evolucionado de manera permanente. En las últimas décadas el cambio climático, la violencia, la automatización, y ahora la pandemia del COVID-19, han modificado la vida de millones de familias en la región y en el mundo, y exigen una nueva transformación del Estado, uno con vocación predictiva que se apoye en la digitalización y en los algoritmos de la inteligencia artificial. Este libro presenta una discusión sobre los temas más relevantes relacionados con el desarrollo y uso de una inteligencia artificial ética y responsable, pasando por el manejo de datos y su protección, los sesgos y su mitigación, y el papel del Estado como usuario y regulador.
Descrição de variedades de sementes crioulas e seus métodos de cultivo no Município de Nova Floresta – PB
Authors: Santos Neto Manoel Modesto dos , Vieira Montesquieu Da Silva , Marques Francisco Roberto De Sousa , Pereira Frederico Campos , Neves Anderson Ramon Araújo das
Published: January 2021

As sementes crioulas são variedades produzidas pelos indígenas que foram incorporadas pelos agricultores familiares, adaptando-se às diferentes condições ecológicas através da seleção massal. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever os métodos, práticas de cultivo e de preservação de sementes de milho, feijão e fava crioulas, utilizadas por um produtor rural do município de Nova Floresta-PB. Para tanto, foi realizada a identificação de um guardião de sementes que conserva sementes crioulas, através das informações adquiridas com produtores da região. A descrição das sementes foi realizada via fotografias, entrevista semiestruturada e pesquisa bibliográfica.
Mapping of data communication networks on social media
Authors: Kholit Noviar Jamaal , Nastain Muhamad
Published: January 2021

Information technology is developing very fast, this has an impact on real changes in every element of life. In addition to hitting the information media industry, developments in information technology have brought updates to public spaces with easy access and an increasingly massive pattern of information distribution. Ease of access does not always present a positive side but there is a negative side, namely shifting communication patterns with the spread of false information or disinformation methods that invite public upheaval. This research uses the case study method, which is one way to investigate contemporary phenomena in the context of real life, where the boundaries between the phenomenon and the context are not clearly visible. Through the Social Network Analyzer (SNA) theoretical approach, this research will find three communication network patterns, namely a centralized network, a decentralized network and a distributed network.
Evaluation of Nasal Mucociliary Activity in Patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: KARALI Elif , DEMİRKOL Muhammed Emin , GÜNEŞ Akif , GÜRLER Müjgan
Published: January 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate nasal airway resistance and nasal mucociliary activity in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) patients using anterior rhinomanometry and saccharin clearance test.
Methods: 30 patients with FMF disease and 30 healthy individuals were included in this prospective, cross-sectional study. Nasal airway resistance was measured via active anterior rhinomanometry and a saccharin test was carried out for the measurement of nasal mucociliary clearance (NMC) times of all participants.
Results: Mean values for NMC time in the FMF patient group and control group were found as 14.6 ± 4.7 (range, 8-30) min. and 9.7 ± 2.3 (range, 6-14) min. respectively. Nasal mucociliary clearance time in the FMF patients was significantly prolonged in comparison to that of healthy controls (p < 0.001). We identified no significant correlation between the disease duration and NMC time (p=0.921, r = 0.019). When the mean nasal airway resistance values of both groups were compared, there was no significant difference was detected (p = 0.371).
Conclusion: The results of our study have revealed that NMC time was longer in patients with FMF than healthy controls. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between nasal mucociliary clearance time and disease duration. Disruption of NMC increases the risk of infection in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Caution should be exercised against upper and lower respiratory infections in patients with FMF.
Type and level of anxiety affects the perception of pain during bone marrow biopsy
Authors: ÖNEÇ Birgül , ONEC Kursad , EŞBAH Ali Ümit , EŞBAH Onur
Published: January 2021

Objective: Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy (BMAB) is an essential tool for the diagnosis of hematological disorders. The most frequent complaint after BMAB is pain but the severity of this pain is described very different among patients. We investigated factors predicting this pain focusing on the role of state and trait anxiety.

Methods: One hundred and ten adult patients undergoing BMAB, were informed adequately and assessed with “The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory” (STAI) before the procedure. In this Likert-type inventory, State Anxiety Scale evaluates the current state of anxiety, asking how respondents feel “at that moment”. The Trait Anxiety Scale evaluates relatively stable aspects of “anxiety proneness,” including general states of confidence, calmness, and security. After the biopsy, the pain was measured with visual analog scale.

Results: Most of the patients (71.8%) described mild pain but moderate to severe pain were significantly more frequent in both high state and trait anxiety groups. Pain severity had a positive but weak correlation with trait anxiety but not with state anxiety. The described pain level was associated with older age but was not with an indication of biopsy, performance status, comorbidities or previous BMAB experiences.

Conclusion: Results of our study made us thought that a good communication with the

patient and talking about possible outcomes days before procedure might play a role in reducing

his or her anxiety but because age and trait anxiety cannot be changed by using fast-acting

anxiolytic drugs, the advantage of premedication with anxiolytics in order of reducing pain,

would be limited.
Kenmotsu Manifolds with Zero Ricci-Schouten Tensor
Authors: Bukusheva Aliya V.
Published: January 2021

The paper is dedicated to the investigation of the interior geometry of the Kenmotsu manifolds M. By the interior geometry of the manifold M we mean the aggregate of the properties of the manifold that depend only on the closing of the distribution D of the Kenmotsu manifold as well as on the parallel transport of the vectors from the distribution D along arbitrary curves of the manifold. The invariants of the interior geometry of a Kenmotsu manifold are the following: the Schouten curvature tensor; the 1-form η generating the distribution D; the Lie derivative of the metric tensor g along the structure vector field ; the Schouten-Wagner admissible tensor fields with the components with respect to adapted coordinates; the structural endomorphism φ; the endomorphism N that allows to prolong the interior connection to a connection in a vector bundle. A special attention is payed to the Ricci-Schouten tensor. In particular, it is stated that a Kenmotsu manifold with zero Ricci-Schouten tensor is an Einstein manifold. Conversely, if M is an η-Einstein Kenmotsu manifold and then M is an Einstein manifold with zero Ricci-Schouten tensor. It is proved that the Ricci-Schouten tensor is zero if and only if the Kenmotsu manifold M is locally Ricci-symmetric. This implies the following well-known result: a Kenmotsu manifold is an Einstein manifold if and only if it is locally Ricci-symmetric. An N-connection with torsion, is introduced; this connection is Ricci-flat if and only if M is an Einstein manifold.
Dynamics of Enzyme Activity Change in Soils of Adygea with Various Degrees of Disturbance after Forest Reduction
Authors: Soldatov Vasilij P. , Shkhapatsev Aslan K. , Kazeev Kamil Sh. , Kharitonova Tatiana D. , Kazeev Damir K. , Kolesnikov Sergey I.
Published: January 2021

Regularities of ten-year changes in the biological properties of soils at several clearings in the mid-mountainous part of the Western Caucasus after de-forestation have been revealed. The soil cover of the territory is represented by Rendzic Leptosols, which have a higher humus content and biological activity than zonal Dystric Cambisols. As a result of felling and related work, the area of felling is differentiated according to the degree of disturbance of the soil and vegetation cover. Over time, the soil cover differs from the forest soils more and more as a result of multidirectional processes. Areas with severe damage to the soil are destroyed as a result of erosion, especially in conditions of dissected relief. In the early years, the peripheral areas are actively overgrown with tall-grass meadow vegetation, which leads to the activation of sod and humus-accumulative processes. The activity of soil enzymes (catalase, urease, phosphatase, dehydrogenase) varies significantly in different areas of felling sites. Variation in the humus content and catalase activity increases significantly after 5 years of forest clearing. The hydro-lases activity and organic matter content in the disturbed soils of felling are-as decrease several times, while on the outskirts of clearings in slightly disturbed soils, humus accumulation and enzyme activity increases as a result of the edging effect.
Drift, Stabilization and Destabilization of Patlak-Keller-Seegel Systems Due to a Short-Wave External Signal
Authors: Morgulis Andrey B. , Ilin Konstantin I.
Published: January 2021

In this article, we explore a community of two species placed on the inhomogeneous environment. We assume interspecific taxis as well as responding to the environmental fluctuations by tactic movement. We study the effect of the small-scale environmental fluctuations on the large-scale dynamics of the community following the line of Kapitza's theory of the upside-down pendulum. It turns out that, the only conductor of the effect of the fluctuations on the large-scale patterns is some drift of species. When the fluctuation takes the form of a travelling wave, there exist the quasi-equilibria, which are equilibria on average, roughly speaking. Examining the stability of the quasi-equilibria shows that, compared to the case of the homogeneous environment, increasing the magnitude of the fluctuations can destabilize the quasi-equilibria as well as stabilize them. It depends only on the speed at which the fluctuation wave prop-agates which of these effects occurs. Anyway, the effect is exponential in the amplitude of the wave.
Unsupervised Learning and Robust Optimization in the Portfolio Problem
Authors: Beliavsky Grigorii I. , Danilova Natalia V. , Logunov Alexey D.
Published: January 2021

Robust optimization in various problems of science and technology arises from the uncertainty of the parameters that determine the decision-making model. The parameters can be judged on the basis of a large number of observed examples. This challenge is to customize a solution based on a large number of examples that works well for examples that were not involved in customizing the solution. In this sense, the robust optimization problem belongs to machine learning problems. The paper uses a dichotomous clustering algorithm to determine the range of parameters for the optimal portfolio problem.
Geographical Aspects of Demographic Forecasting Methods
Authors: Zakirov Ilnur V. , Bogolyubov Aleksey V.
Published: January 2021

Classification geodemographic forecasts on the following criteria: the forecast horizon, goals, coverage of the territory. The main methods of geodemographic forecasting are analyzed and features of their application in geo-demographic forecasting are revealed. In the practical part, mathematical and graphical methods are used. It was revealed that the use of a specific method of geodemographic forecasting depends on many factors: the purpose of the forecast, the size of the territory, forecast horizon, socio-demographic indicators of the population, the presence of comprehensive demographic statistics, etc. The importance of the correct selection of methods for geodemographic forecasting is emphasized. For small areas, in the absence of a full range of demographic statistics and with a small forecast horizon, simple mathematical functions are applicable for geodemographic forecasting. In other cases, more sophisticated methods should be applied, taking into account the entire demographic situation of the territory. A geodemographic forecast of the population of Ufa by the extrapolation and cohort-component method was made, and differences in the accuracy of forecasts for the territory were revealed. Reliable forecasting of the population of cities and regions requires methods of an interdisciplinary nature. The results of the study can be used in strategic socio-economic planning of territories by local authorities (for example, Ufa).