bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRACKING ROAD IRREGULARITIES USING AN ANDROID-SMARTPHONE
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Kano M. I.
Published: May 2024

In order to improve the quality of the road surface, as well as improve the quality of logistics, speed up cargo transportation, increase the level of safety of transported goods and reduce the number of road accidents, the author conducted a study of available means for monitoring road irregularities. A survey among motorists showed that car users do not have access to sources about road surface unevenness or do not know about available sources of information about the quality and features of the road surface, and would also like to have a publicly available source of such information. The presence of unevenness on the road surface along which the route of a car or truck passes increases the time it takes to complete the route and the risk of damage to goods transported by transport. To reduce the number of road accidents and damage to goods delivered by ground transport, an application for Android smartphones was developed that allows you to obtain information about bumps on the roads through markers installed on the map, and the application also allows the user to track bumps to increase the coverage of tracked bumps.
DETERMINATION OF THE POWER OF THE MICROWAVE/HF LOSSES IN THE TOROIDAL RESONATOR OF THE ACCELERATOR ION THRUSTER BY ITS FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Vavilov I. S. , Yachmenev P. S. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Fedyanin V. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Zharikov K. I. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Lukyanchik A. I. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Stepen P. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: May 2024

The paper presents an experimental method for determining the power of microwave/HF losses in the city of a toroidal resonator of a prototype accelerator ion thruster. The method is based on the analysis of the fundamental frequencies present in the resonator when it is excited by a solid-state oscillator. The advantage of the method is its invariance to the optical radiation of a high-frequency discharge and thermal effects in plasma. The method of frequency analysis showed that the main frequency of the autogenerator in the cavity of the toroidal resonator creates an alternating accelerating voltage of 276.7 V. At the same time, the power of the main frequency when a discharge occurs increases by 145 times with an increase in the energy consumption of the prototype by 1.8 times. A frequency close to the resonant frequency of the resonator creates an accelerating voltage of 50 V.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ION THRUSTER BY TIME-OF-FLIGHT METHOD
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Vavilov I. S. , Yachmenev P. S. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Fedyanin V. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Zharikov K. I. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Lukyanchik A. I. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Stepen P.V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the resonator ion thruster by the timeof-flight method in order to determine the accelerating structural elements. Four assembly variants were investigated: the outflow of ions from a magnetic cell; the outflow of ions from a magnetic cell with an installed core; the outflow of ions from a magnetic cell with an installed core and the side wall of the resonator; the outflow of ions from a magnetic cell with an installed core and the side wall of the resonator with a mesh cover. The energy consumption of the magnetic cell was 5.6 W, and the ion beam velocity at 11 Pa was no more than 7 m/s. In the assembly according to the second variant, the power consumption was 6.6 W at a pressure of 11 Pa and a speed of no more than 30 m/s. The power consumption for the third and fourth assembly variants was 6 watts, and the ion beam velocity at 11 Pa was no more than 48 m/s.
UTILIZING A GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR OPTIMIZATION OF TWO-IMPULSE RENDEZVOUS MANEUVERS BETWEEN SPACECRAFT IN THE MARTIAN ORBIT
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia, Veisi S. , Lyubimov V. V. ,   Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia
Published: May 2024

In this research, we delve into the application of genetic algorithms for optimizing the twoimpulse rendezvous maneuver of an active spacecraft with a passive spacecraft, situated at orbits with both higher and lower altitudes relative to the passive counterpart. Assumedly, the passive spacecraft resides in a circular Mars orbit at an altitude of 300 km, with defined orbital parameters. Through the employment of genetic algorithms, our primary objective is the optimization of rendezvous parameters, specifically focusing on the rendezvous duration and the initial velocity vector of the active spacecraft within the areocentric equatorial system, while simultaneously striving to minimize the requisite energy expenditure for the rendezvous. In both cases under consideration, we maintain an initial separation of 20 km between the spacecraft. In each case, we track the shift in the relative position vector of the active spacecraft with respect to the passive spacecraft. Our findings reveal that trajectories approximating 75 minutes in duration yield a global minimum energy requirement. Conversely, shorter trajectories necessitate a marginally larger energy expenditure, thereby embodying a trade-off between flight duration and energy expenditure. Interestingly, lengthening the duration of the rendezvous maneuver does not invariably result in a lower energy requirement. Moreover, a thorough numerical analysis uncovers a remarkable similarity in the optimization outcomes across both cases, with the rendezvous trajectory direction serving as the principal differential factor. This investigation furnishes crucial numerical insights into the optimization process of two-impulse rendezvous maneuvers, thereby substantiating the practical utility of genetic algorithms in this domain.
GRANULAR OSTEOPLASTIC MATERIALS BASED ON TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE AND WOLLASTONITE
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Shevchenko A. E. , Solonenko A. P. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Matyushenko A. A. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: May 2024

An important area of modern materials science is the development of synthetic materials for bone grafting, providing gradual restoration of damaged hard tissues. In this work, a series of ceramic granular materials with varying contents of tricalcium phosphate and wollastonite were obtained using emulsion technology. It is shown that the synthesized particles have a spherical shape, polydisperse composition (0.1 – 4 mm) and open porosity in the range of 50 – 56%. These characteristics will make it possible to use the developed materials in maxillofacial surgery, traumatology and orthopedics to restore bone defects of any complex shape and location.
INFLUENCE OF A POWERFUL ION BEAM ON THE SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND PROPERTIES OF SILVER PRODUCTS
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Badamshin A. M. , Kovivchak V. S. ,   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russia, Dubovik O. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Nesov S. N. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: May 2024

In this work, using a combination of optical, electron and atomic force microscopy methods, we study the effect of modifying silver products with a powerful nanosecond ion beam or changing the morphology of their surface layers and operational properties (susceptibility to blackening and scratching). It has been established that exposure to an ion beam contributes to a significant reduction in the number of scratches on the surface of silver items while they are worn, which is presumably due to a change in the morphology of the surface of the irradiated samples. In addition, it was discovered that exposure to a powerful ion beam reduces the rate of blackening of silver.
SIMULATION OF BINARY GAS ADSORPTION
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Krasyuk M. S. , Luzhbina Yu. D. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Myshlyavtsev A. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Podgornyi S.O. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: May 2024

The adsorption model of a binary gas mixture of molecules with different sizes with lateral interactions between particles of the same type was studied. The ground state was analyzed. It is shown that 4 types of qualitatively different phase diagrams are realized in the studied system. The model was investigated at finite temperatures.
MODIFICATION OF LOW DENSITY LINEAR POLYETHYLENE WITH ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE CARBON BLACK
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Rogachev E. A. , Kalenchuk A. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Kropotin O. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Drozdova E. A. ,   OOO «Omsk Carbon Group», Omsk, Russia
Published: May 2024

The electrophysical and mechanical properties of polymer composite materials based on linear low-density polyethylene with the addition of electrically conductive carbon black in the range of mass concentrations of 5% ‒ 20% have been studied. A modified thermal compression technology was applied to manufacture samples from thermopolymers. An increase in the Young's modulus was revealed when filling the polymer with technical carbon by more than 2 times. The percolation threshold interval of 5% ‒ 10% is set.
Review of the genus Janus Stephens, 1829 (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Cephidae) of the Russian fauna
Authors:   Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia, Basov S.A.
Published: May 2024

Data on the composition and distribution of species of the sawfly genus Janus Stephens, 1829 (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in Russia are clarified. Janus nasutus sp. n. is described from Primorsky Territory. The illustrated description of hitherto unknown male of Janus formosus (Zhelochovtsev, 1935) is given. Janus compressus (Fabricius, 1793) is recorded from Uzbekistan for the first time. A key to all Russian species of the genus Janus with illustrations of both male and female genitalia is provided.
Celebration time: here’s to 500 numbers of Far Eastern Entomologist
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Storozhenko S.Yu. , Lelej A.S. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Loktionov V.M. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Shabalin S.A. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Proshchalykin M.Yu. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
Published: May 2024

A review of the publication activity in the journal “Far Eastern Entomologist” in 1994–2024 is given. By May 2024, 1067 papers and short communications of 728 authors from 47 countries were published in 500 issues of the journal. Thirteen families, 20 tribes and subtribes, 162 genera and subgenera, 970 species and 40 subspecies of insects and other terrestrial arthropods (centipedes, mites, and spiders) have been described in 30 years.
O uso de esteroides anabolizantes em esportistas
Authors: Leite Maria Júlia Yada , Pizzocaro Aline Santos , Faria Gustavo Galardino , Cunha Thiago da Silva , Nakashima Victor Mafra Ito , Mutran Thalles Messora Jorge , Rosa Maria Luiza Gonçalves Gallego , Martins Junior Robson Augusto Massaria , Júdice Wagner Alves de Souza
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: investigar o uso de esteroides anabolizantes e possíveis efeitos colaterais em praticantes de atividades físicas.  Métodos: Estudo quali-quantitativo com aplicação de questionário de 26 questões via Google forms. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e contingência das relações. Resultados: Idade média foi de 24,59 anos, com variação de 18 a 60 anos. Observamos que 53,07% não utilizam esteroides anabolizantes, 36,73% utilizam sendo mais prevalente em homens, 10,20% pretendia usa. Oxalalondrona foi a substância mais utilizada, com idade média de início aos 27,56 anos, sendo que 71,43% utilizaram para treinamento de força por mais de 12 meses. Dos usuários, 36,11% apresentaram efeitos indesejáveis como alteração de humor, queda de cabelo, dependência, etc. e início dos efeitos colaterais iniciaram na primeira semana (50%). Agressividade foi mais observada em homens. Dos participantes, 74,49% conheciam os efeitos colaterais e 46,53% usariam esteroides para melhoria de desempenho. Conclusão: Uso de esteroides anabolizantes está associado a riscos à saúde, incluindo efeitos colaterais físicos e psicológicos. Automedicação e a falta de orientação profissional são comuns entre os usuários. Ganho de desempenho e estética são motivadores para o uso. Conhecimento dos riscos não impediu porcentagem significativa considerasse ou recomendasse o uso.
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS IN UPDATING UKRAINE’S STRATEGIC ECONOMIC SECURITY PROGRAM AMIDST WAR
Authors: Pukhyr Svitlana , Khmelyarchuk Mariya
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes strategic programs adopted before the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, including the Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine until 2030, the National Security Strategy, and the Economic Security Strategy for the period until 2025. It examines the challenges of implementing these programs amid war conditions, which were originally designed to enhance socio-economic development and economic security. The article also assesses the levels of economic and macroeconomic security in Ukraine before the war, highlighting significant deterioration in 2022. Regarding post-war planning, the article discusses key state-level initiatives such as the «Ukraine Plan,» a ten-year restoration, reconstruction, and modernization plan; the UKRAINE FACILITU program framework for 50 billion euros for 2024-2027; and the development of conditions by the Ukrainian Government to receive EU support. The article concludes that the goals set in pre-war programs have become irrelevant and require new strategic documents after the war. It suggests immediate adoption of individual decisions and detailed plans to activate Ukraine’s development, especially in the military and defense complex, the IT sector, the reintegration of migrant workers, and implementing an inflation targeting policy to ensure economic development. The study employs the Law of Ukraine «On the National Security of Ukraine» and analyzes the challenges, threats, and tasks outlined in the Strategy of Economic Security for the period until 2025, focusing on macroeconomic security. Methodologically, the research uses system analysis, comparison, program-target, index method, factor analysis, and generalization.
STUDY OF BEHAVIORAL MODELS OF PERSONALITY IN UKRAINIAN AND RUSSIAN FAIRY TALES
Authors: Pylypchuk Ivanna , Vashestiuk Sofiia
Published: May 2024

The reason for the pathological behavior patterns of Russians is not only the influence of racist propaganda in the mass media but also fairy-tale narratives laid down in childhood. Fairy tales act as a means of moral education, offering certain models of behavior that are most appropriate for one or another stage of the cultural development of society. The concept of "fairy tale" is defined as a symbolic reflection of ancient beliefs; the method of preparation for the initiation rite; the veiled sexual complex; the result of the actualization of archetypes; the life scenario factor; and the basics of building productive and unproductive behavioral models. We understand fairy-tale therapy as an educational system, the purpose of which is the transfer of psychological knowledge about the social formation of an individual, and the formation of connections between behavior in real life and fairy-tale events. The gulf between Ukrainians and Russians is buried deep in fairy tales that parents tell their children before going to bed. The conducted comparative analysis reveals that the behavioral models offered by Ukrainian and Russian fairy tales are radically different. Ukrainian fairy tales form behavioral models such as the value of human dignity, honest victory over the enemy, responsibility for one's actions, altruism and willingness to help. Narratives and value orientations learned from childhood in Russian fairy tales determine cruelty, disregard for human life, soldaphonism, and then manifest themselves in the behavior of Russian society.
SURGICAL APPROACH TO INFECTION TREATMENT IN RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY ON THE AORTA AND ARTERIES OF THE LOWER LIMB
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Iaskevich N. N. , Kepurko Ya. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Lapai T. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Vasilevsky V. P. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2024

Background. The relevance of the literature review is explained by the frequent development of purulent-septic complications after reconstructive operations on the abdominal aorta and arteries of the lower extremities. Objective. To analyze the literature covering the problem of purulent-septic complications after reconstructive surgery on the aorto-femoral-popliteal arterial segment. Material and methods. A total of 50 literature sources were analyzed. Results. Purulent-septic complications after reconstructive operations on the abdominal aorta and arteries of the lower extremities are caused by many factors. There are various types of purulent and septic complications arising after arterial surgery, and several algorithms of their treatment have been proposed. However, the results of their practical use do not allow us to claim a positive solution to this problem in angiosurgery. Conclusions. With the development of purulent-septic complications after reconstructive operations on the abdominal aorta and arteries of the lower extremities, individual surgical solutions are required.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ULTRASOUND PARAMETERS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF DIFFICULT INTUBATION OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Yakubtsevich R. E. , Poludzen A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2024

Background. The relevance of the review is due to the increasing development of ultrasound and its role in anesthesiological practice, in particular, as a method of predicting difficult cases of intubation of the respiratory tract. Objective. To analyze the literature on the clinical significance of ultrasound parameters for the diagnosis of difficult intubation. Material and methods. A total of 33 literature sources were analyzed. Results. Information was obtained on the presence in anesthesiological practice of a number of ultrasound parameters, that to one degree or another have a direct relation to difficult intubation. Conclusions. Based on research, it has been established that separately some ultrasound parameters have a fairly high sensitivity in predicting difficult intubation, but when several parameters are combined, their effectiveness as predictors of problems in prosthetics of the respiratory tract increases significantly, and in some cases these methods have greater prognostic value than the modified Mallampati score and the Kormack-Lehane score.
POSSIBILITIES TO IMPROVE TREATMENT RESULTS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PLEURAL EMPYEMA ACCOMPANIED BY BRONCHOPLEURAL FISTULAS
Authors:   Brest Regional Clinical Hospital, Brest, Belarus, Vakulich D. S. , Karpitsky A. S. ,   Brest Regional Clinical Hospital, Brest, Belarus, Shestiuk A. M. ,   Brest Regional Clinical Hospital, Brest, Belarus
Published: May 2024

Background. Treatment of pleural empyema in combination with bronchial fistula is aggravated by severe purulent-resorptive intoxication, which often leads to long periods of treatment with chronicity of the process and is still considered an urgent problem of modern pulmonology and thoracic surgery. Objective. To analyze the results of treatment of patients with chronic pleural empyema accompanied by bronchopleural fistulas using controlled vacuum aspiration, including in combination with the installation of a reverse endobronchial valve. Material and methods. The results of treatment of 38 patients with chronic pleural empyema in combination with bronchopleural fistula using controlled vacuum aspiration technology, including implantation of an endobronchial blocker in 15 of them were analyzed. Results. A method of hybrid surgical treatment of pleural empyema based on application of vacuum aspiration with implantation of an endobronchial blocker was developed. The technique of using adjustable vacuum aspiration in combination with endobronchial blocker implantation provides long-term and adequate blocking of the fistula-bearing bronchus without the risk of pneumonic complications in the blocked part of the lung. Vacuum aspiration based on the creation of local negative pressure accelerates the healing process of empyema cavity and eliminates intoxication syndrome, while their combination makes it possible to reduce the average duration of unstable pneumostasis from 295 days to 3 days, to shorten the total duration of treatment measures almost 4 times as well as to decrease mortality (from 6.2% in the comparison group to 0% in the main group). Conclusions. The use of endobronchial blocking in combination with vacuum aspiration of contents from the purulent cavity for the treatment of patients with chronic pleural empyema reduces the average duration of pneumostasis stabilization, the total duration of therapeutic measures as well as mortality.
METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE HEALTH-IMPROVING FACTORS OF THE HEALTH RESORT SECTOR
Authors:   Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Tsitkova N. D. , Goubkin S. V. ,   Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Published: May 2024

Background. Preventive measures aimed at preserving the health of the country's population should be based on health-resort rehabilitation and treatment using the healing factors of health resorts. In this regard, the study, from the point of view of a systematic approach, considers the data availability assessment of the health-improving factors that affect the activities of the health resort sector in the regions of the country with prioritization of the activities of health resort The purpose of the study is to establish the data availability assessment of health-improving factors that affect the activities of health resort organizations. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the sources of official statistical data, the state cadastre systems of natural resources, the results of scientific research in the health resort sector and health resort organizations. The level of data availability assessment of the health-improving factors of health resorts is determined by the method of expert assessment. Results. It is proposed to take into account the system of healing factors affecting the health resort sphere in the following components: natural therapeutic potential (biomedical – meteorological characteristics, severity index, etc.) and natural resource – landscape conditions, mineral waters, therapeutic mud). Medical diagnostic and human resources potential is the medical and diagnostic base of health resorts, staff qualifications. Social and cultural potential is the quality of services provided for health resort treatment and rehabilitation, inextricably linked with social and cultural events, as well as the basis to carry out these events, and qualified staff of health resorts. The interrelation of the components is manifested in both internal and external relations of health resort organizations, awareness and degree of satisfaction with the services of health resort treatment of the population. Conclusion. The methods of assessing the healing factors are grouped, the methodology of an integrated approach – monitoring of health resort organizations and the possibility of establishing permanent contacts between healthcare institutions and health resorts of the country is proposed.
THE WAY TO HEALTH AND PROGRESS IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE (TO THE 80TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF GENRIKH IVANOVICH ZABOROVSKY)
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Khilmonchyk N. E.
Published: May 2024

This article presents a biography of a well-known specialist in our University with many years of experience in the field of public health and healthcare, Candidate of Medical Sciences, associate professor G. I. Zaborovsky. Key moments of his career, scientific interests and achievements are highlighted.
Demonstrating surface and plasma chemistry with a non-thermal atmospheric plasma
Authors: Geyer Marvin , Meier Julian , Zellmer Florian , Böhm Christine , Ostermann Rainer
Published: May 2024

A low-cost plasma nozzle/setup was developed to allow demonstrations and hands-on experimentation with non-thermal plasmas of air and other gases. Several high-tech plasma applications, such as surface cleaning and activation, as well as mild, but effective sterilization will be explained and adapted to be eagerly explored by undergraduate and senior high school students. The results were surprisingly similar to those obtained with a commercial plasma treatment system. While the focus is on the experimental introduction to plasma physics and chemistry, it will be highlighted how a multidisciplinary approach enables the study and discussion of important concepts ranging from surface energies and contact angles to environmental or microbiological control.
Modeling Intermolecular Interactions With XDM Dispersion Corrections to Neural Network Potentials
Authors: Tu Nguyen Thien Phuc , Williamson Siri , Johnson Erin , Rowley Christopher
Published: May 2024

Neural network potentials (NNPs) are an innovative approach for calculating the potential energy and forces of a chemical system. In principle, these methods are capable of modeling large systems with an accuracy approaching that of a high-level ab initio calculation but with a much smaller computational cost. Due to their training to density-functional theory (DFT) data and neglect of long-range interactions, some classes of NNPs require an additional term to include London dispersion physics. In this perspective, we discuss the requirements for a dispersion model for use with an NNP, focusing on the MLXDM (Machine Learned eXchange Hole Dipole Moment) model developed by our groups. This model is based on the DFT-based XDM dispersion correction, which calculates interatomic dispersion coefficients in terms of atomic moments and polarizabilities, both of which can be effectively approximated using neural networks.
Quantum Chemical Characterization of Rotamerism in Thio-Michael Additions for Targeted Covalent Inhibitors
Authors: Chaudhuri Shayantan , Rogers David , Hayes Christopher , Inzani Katherine , Hirst Jonathan
Published: May 2024

Myotonic dystrophy type I (DM1) is the most common form of adult muscular dystrophy and is a severe condition with no treatment currently available. Recently, small-molecule ligands have been developed that have some selectivity for and covalently inhibit cyclin dependent kinase 12 (CDK12). CDK12 is involved in the transcription of elongated RNA sections that results in the DM1 condition. The covalent bond is achieved after nucleophilic addition to a Michael acceptor warhead. Previous studies of the conformational preferences of thio-Michael additions have focused on characterizing the reaction profile based on the distance between the sulfur and β-carbon atoms. Rotamerism, however, has not been investigated extensively and can have a large impact on reaction rates and adduct yields. Here, we use high-level quantum chemistry calculations, up to coupled cluster with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)], to characterize the gas-phase nucleophilic addition of an archetypal nucleophile, methanethiolate, to various nitrogen-containing Michael acceptors which are representative of the small-molecule CDK12 inhibitors. By investigating the structural, energetic, and electronic properties of the enolate intermediates, we show that synclinal additions are energetically favored over antiperiplanar additions due to the greater magnitude of attractive non-covalent interactions permitted by the conformation. The calculated transition states associated with the addition process indicate that synclinal addition proceeds via lower energetic barriers than antiperiplanar addition and is the preferred reaction pathway. The mechanistic insights from this study will inform the design of new derivatives with faster reaction rates and higher yields of the adducts required for CDK12 inhibition and treatment of DM1.
Transfer learning for Heterocycle Synthesis Prediction
Authors: Wieczorek Ewa , Sin Joshua W. , Holland Matthew T. O. , Wilbraham Liam , Perez Victor S. , Bradley Anthony , Miketa Dominik , Brennan Paul E. , Duarte Fernanda
Published: May 2024

Heterocycles are important scaffolds in medicinal chemistry that can be used to modulate the binding mode as well as pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. The importance of heterocycles has been exemplified by the publication of numerous datasets containing heterocyclic rings and their properties. However, those datasets lack synthetic routes towards the published heterocycles. Consequently, novel and uncommon heterocycles are not easily synthetically accessible. While retrosynthetic prediction models could usually be used to assist synthetic chemists, their performance is poor for heterocycle formation reactions due to low data availability. In this work, we compare the use of four different transfer learning methods to overcome the low data availability problem and improve the performance of retrosynthesis prediction models for ring-breaking disconnections. The mixed fine-tuned model achieves top-1 accuracy of 36.5% and, moreover, 62.1% of its predictions are chemically valid and ring-breaking. Furthermore, we demonstrate the applicability of the mixed fine-tuned model in drug discovery by recreating synthetic routes towards two drug-like targets published this year. Finally, we introduce a method for further fine-tuning the model as new reaction data becomes available.
O mundo se despedaça : língua, cultura e política em obras de Chinua Achebe e Pepetela
Authors: Pereira Fernanda Alencar
Published: May 2024

O escritor nigeriano Chinua Achebe e o angolano Pepetela são ambos observadores perspicazes das realidades de seus países e utilizam linguagem afiada, repleta de sutil ironia e rica em encontros linguísticos e culturais. Esta coleção de ensaios trata de temas transversais que emergem do estudo crítico comparativo dos romances No Longer at Ease (1960) e A Man of the People (1966), de Achebe, e de A geração da utopia (1992) e Predadores (2005), de Pepetela. Por meio da análise dos contextos linguístico, histórico, geográfico, político e literário que circundam e perpassam a tessitura desses romances, aprendemos como Achebe e Pepetela remodelam o romance, gênero cosmopolita por excelência, para adaptá-lo às conjunturas locais de produção do romance nas suas Áfricas, de modo a expressar literariamente o (des)encontro entre os países europeus e as pós-colônias e o processo de (re)construção das novas nações.
Café com Europa | Humano +Design + Natureza
Authors: Santos Georgia Maria de Castro , Costa Junior José Airton , Maass Marisa Cobbe
Published: May 2024

Esta publicação é o resultado da terceira edição do evento Café com Europa, dedicada ao tema HUMANO + DESIGN + NATUREZA, aliando o design sustentável à arquitetura. Em 2021, ano marcado pela pandemia COVID-19, o Café com Europa trouxe ao público, de forma totalmente virtual e gratuita, temas relacionados a cidades mais sustentáveis, retomada verde, fortalecimento da bioeconomia e novo modo de vida e consumo, no contexto do design e da arquitetura. Foram dois dias de palestras, entrevistas e apresentações de cases com designers e arquitetos brasileiros e europeus, com representantes da Alemanha, Bélgica, Dinamarca, Eslovênia, Finlândia, Itália e Portugal. A realização é da EUNIC Brasília (Associação dos Institutos Culturais, Embaixadas e Consulados de países membros da União Europeia), presidida em 2021 pela Embaixada da Itália, e da Delegação da União Europeia no Brasil, em parceria com a Universidade de Brasília (UnB) e o Istituto Europeo di Design (IED).
THE FACTORS INFLUENCING BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY OF FOOD TRUCK ENTREPRENEURS: A CASE OF NELSON MANDELA BAY, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Loots Francois , Iwu Chux Gervase , Makoza Frank
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Within the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality in South Africa, no record of factors that inhibit the successful pursuit of the food truck business exists. This study closes this gap, as its chief goal was to ascertain the factors influencing the sustainability of food truck entrepreneurs in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB).
 
Theoretical Framework: The study used a conceptual framework developed from previous studies on factors that affect food truck entrepreneurs and business sustainability.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: Data for the study was collected through semi-structured interviews with seven food truck entrepreneurs from NMB. The data was analysed using thematic analysis.
 
Findings: Reviewing the factors that have been highlighted in this study, it is evident that several factors are most important for a food truck business to remain sustainable and profitable. It was established that both internal and external factors play an important role in the success of a food truck business. A framework that highlights the factors influencing a food truck business in NMB has been created for ease of use by entrepreneurs in the food truck industry.
 
Research, Practical & Social Implications: Prospective and current practitioners in the field can predict the long-term success of their endeavours by understanding the factors. The framework can also be used by metro officials and local governments to determine where support might be needed to promote and support entrepreneurs in their business ventures by reviewing policies and regulations.
 
Originality/Value: Improved regulations could help food truck owners grow their businesses, employ more people, and upskill others.
Análise do processo de prescrição digital na odontologia
Authors:   IFSP, Kawamoto Júnior Luiz Teruo , Dias Keissy Évelyn Rodrigues Alves ,   IFSP, Matsumura Mayumi Aiko Torres ,   IFSP, Santana Abner Enoch Andrade ,   IFSP, Rodrigues Rebeca Juliana Guerra ,   Universidade Brasil
Published: May 2024

Quando se faz uma informatização de processos, é necessário analisar seus impactos, então o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar o processo de prescrição digital em consultórios odontológicos; não é escopo dessa pesquisa analisar impactos na saúde do paciente. Primeiro foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica para se saber os possíveis impactos de utilizar receita digital; depois elaborado um questionário Likert cinco fatores, que foi validado por cinco dentistas em relação ao entendimento; em seguida o questionário foi entregue para ser respondido por trinta cirurgiões dentistas. Os resultados mostraram que os cirurgiões dentistas acreditam que a prescrição digital é mais segura, ajuda no processo, diminui erros, facilita o registro histórico, e não houve necessidade de grandes investimentos; porém foi difícil aprender a usar o sistema, induz a reutilizar receitas antigas sem conferência, e há grande resistência por parte das farmácias, não houve consenso em relação à redução no tempo para fazer a prescrição.
Planejamento de rotas para leitura de medidores: uma aplicação do problema do carteiro chinês
Authors:   Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Possar Lucas Corrêa , Schmidt Carise Elisane ,   Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina
Published: May 2024

Alocar de forma eficiente mão de obra e recursos, garantindo a cobertura de determinada área geográfica e minimizando os custos operacionais, é um desfio que contempla empresas ligadas ao fornecimento de serviços essenciais, como água, gás e energia elétrica. Visando considerar a problemática de gerar rotas para realizar a leitura de medidores de determinada região, foi proposto este estudo. O objetivo foi simular um serviço de leitura, com base em dados geográficos reais, e obter um trajeto fechado de atendimento que garanta a cobertura de todos os medidores, e onde a distância total percorrida seja mínima. Instâncias de teste, baseadas em dados reais, foram geradas. O problema foi modelado como um Problema do Carteiro Chinês não direcionado e resolvido por meio de programação linear, usando um solver comercial. A partir da solução gerada pelo modelo, foi aplicado um algoritmo para obtenção do sequenciamento de atendimento. Os resultados mostraram que, para as instâncias criadas, que contemplaram até 200 vértices e 634 arcos, a metodologia aplicada foi eficiente, gerando a solução ótima de forma rápida.
Электронное строение аланингидроксиматных 15-металлакраунов-5 на основе ионов лантана(III), церия(III) и празеодима(III)
Authors: Жигулин Г.Ю.
Published: May 2024

В рамках теории функционала плотности (DFT) исследовано молекулярное и электронное строение гетеробиметаллических Ln(III)–Cu(II) C5-симметричных металламакроциклов (15-металлакраунов-5) на основе L-α-аланингидроксиматных (Alaha) лигандов. Полные структурные DFT оптимизации выполнены для комплексов состава {Ln(H2O)4[15-MCCu(II)Alaha-5]}3+ (Ln = La, Ce, Pr) в высоко- и низкоспиновых состояниях с использованием функционала PBE в скалярно-релятивистском приближении. Набор исследованных спиновых состояний включает секстет, квартет, дублет для La(III)–Cu(II) комплекса; септет, квинтет, триплет, синглет с открытой оболочкой для Ce(III)–Cu(II) комплекса; октет, секстет, квартет, дублет для Pr(III)–Cu(II) комплекса. Участие всех неспаренных электронов в антиферромагнитных взаимодействиях приводит к более существенному понижению энергии Гиббса синглетного состояния Ce(III)–Cu(II) комплекса по сравнению с дублетными состояниями комплексов La(III)–Cu(II) и Pr(III)–Cu(II): –4.4, –2.0 и –2.2 ккал/моль соответственно (при 5 K). На основе распределений спиновой плотности, функции локализации электронов (ELF) и лапласиана электронной плотности в 15-MC-5 выявлены Oh и D6h типы симметрии f электронной плотности в окрестностях ядер Ce и Pr соответственно. На примере La(III)–Cu(II) комплекса показано влияние металламакроциклического окружения 15-MC-5 на внешнюю электронную оболочку центрального диамагнитного иона. В рамках квантовой теории атомов в молекулах (QTAIM) рассчитаны топологические параметры электронной плотности в связевых критических точках (3,–1) для взаимодействий металл–лиганд.
The Effectiveness of Therapy Zikir in Reducing Anxiety Levels in Patients at RSU Lirboyo Kediri
Authors: Hafil Ach. Shodiqil , Ningrum Utari Prima
Published: May 2024

People who are sick with certain diagnoses tend to experience anxiety disorders. Anxiety is a psychological problem that has a negative impact on the patient, one of which will affect the healing process. Anxiety cannot be observed and seen directly. Alternative actions that can support the healing process are by providing spiritual treatment. Treatment with spiritual aspects, one of which is the provision of Zikir therapy which has a relaxing effect that can reduce anxiety levels in patients. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Zikir therapy to reduce anxiety levels in patients at RSU Lirboyo Kediri. This study used the Quasi-Experimental method, with data mining obtained based on filling out questionnaires, as well as interviews with inpatients, and also from observations at Lirboyo General Hospital. The subjects in the study were several hospitalized patients with different levels of anxiety. Measurement of anxiety levels using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) anxiety scale. From the results of the study showed, that by doing Zikir therapy for ±10-15 minutes there can be a decrease in anxiety levels in patients. This proves that Zikir therapy can effectively reduce anxiety levels in inpatients at Lirboyo Hospital. Zikir therapy can create a feeling of calm and tranquility in the soul. Zikir therapy is also a therapy for a person's anxiety when he gets problems, feels himself weak, has no support and help in the face of various pressures and dangers in life. This research is expected to be a source of information in order to improve health service efforts by implementing Zikir therapy, especially in patients who experience high levels of anxiety.
Ruqyah Therapy Based on Local Wisdom to Overcome Dissociative Trans Disorders in Patients at Home Ruqyah and Al-Qur'an Therapy
Authors: Riswanto Deni , Younis Tarek
Published: May 2024

Healthy humans are not only healthy physically but also psychologically. Healthy humans are those who are free from physical and psychological disorders. Dissociative trance disorder is a psychological disorder, which cannot be taken lightly and needs to be addressed further. One way to overcome it is with ruqyah therapy based on local wisdom. This research was conducted on patients at the Ruqyah and Al-Qur'an Therapy House. This study aims to determine transdissociative disorders in patients at the Ruqyah House and Al-Qur'an Therapy and ruqyah therapy based on local wisdom in treating transdissociative disorders in patients at the Ruqyah House and Al-Qur'an Therapy. This research uses a qualitative method with a type of field research using a qualitative approach. After going through the results of research, transdissociative disorders in patients at the Ruqyah House and Al-Qur'an Therapy were caused by mental pressure factors that made them stressed, jinn disorders which were motivated by wrong defense mechanisms, and criminal acts of jinn. Symptoms include conscious and unconscious, such as frequent headaches, confusion, tremors, frequent strange dreams. The types include jinn inhabiting the patient's body and genie occupying parts of the patient's body. Ruqyah therapy based on local wisdom at the Ruqyah House and Al-Qur'an Therapy make dissociative trance disorder patients calmer. In practice, Rumah Ruqyah and Al-Qur'an Therapy integrates Islamic psychotherapy and variations of local wisdom by using bidara leaves and black cumin which are placed in a glass of water and ruqyah therapy prayers are read.
Leitura linguístico-discursiva e argumentativa de um miniconto francês contemporâneo
Authors: Azevedo Isabel Cristina Michelan de , Melo Priscilla Barbosa de Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho se insere nos estudos de retórica literária e objetiva propor o ensino da leitura interpretativa-argumentativa de um gênero literário na aula de FLE (francês como língua estrangeira), tendo como corpus um miniconto francês oriundo do site Short Édition (editora francesa de literatura curta), La liste, de James Bukolic. Com base na análise apoiada na atualização da retórica contrastiva, observa-se que as marcas culturais registradas na escrita francesa imprimem ao texto um tom de informalidade necessária ao gênero e, ao mesmo tempo, demarca as escolhas que promovem o uso de técnicas argumentativas associadas às ações do personagem, o que possibilita a compreensão da produção retórica-discursiva na literatura. Em síntese, nota-se que a análise linguístico-discursiva combinada à argumentativa do gênero miniconto, além de permitir entender como a escrita literária francesa se compõe, demarca as circunstâncias socioculturais típicas da contemporaneidade, bem como as estratégias persuasivas empregadas em exemplares da literatura.
Alto rendimento e/ou superação? Os sentidos de jogos e atletas paralímpicos no/pelo jornal Folha de S. Paulo
Authors: Lima Clevisvaldo
Published: May 2024

Buscamos com esse trabalho, sob a perspectiva teórico-metodológica da análise de discurso materialista, e fundamentado em autores como Michel Pêcheux e Eni Orlandi, analisar o discurso sobre os atletas paralímpicos e sobre os Jogos  paralímpicos de verão a partir da cobertura desse evento pelo jornal Folha de S. Paulo, a fim de compreender o modo como as Paralimpíadas e os atletas paralímpicos são discursivizados no/por esse periódico. Para tanto, tomamos como corpus de análise as matérias da/na Folha acerca dos Jogos Paralímpicos de Atenas- 2004, Pequim-2008, Londres-2012, Rio-2016 e Tóquio-2020. A partir da análise dos recortes pudemos explicitar o modo como o discurso sobre os atletas paralímpicos e sobre as Paralimpíadas que circulam no/pelo jornal Folha de S.Paulo,  atravessados por um discurso econômico, (re)atualizam pré-construídos que significam os Jogos não como um evento esportivo de alto rendimento, mas como um evento de superação da deficiência. No/por esse modo de significação, os atletas paralímpicos não seria atletas de alta performance, mas exemplos exitosos de pessoas com deficiência que superaram, pelo esporte, as limitações impostas no/por seus corpos.
Política e futebol não se discutem? Efeitos de sentidos e a ressignificação da camisa da seleção brasileira como simbologia política
Authors: Silva Islan Lisboa da
Published: May 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar o uso da camisa da seleção brasileira de futebol, como um símbolo, inicialmente dos protestos de direita e na atualidade como um uniforme tido como característico dos apoiadores da extrema-direita e dos seguidores do ex-presidente Jair Messias Bolsonaro. Buscaremos por meio de imagens que circulam na internet, resgatadas com o intuito de, sob a perspectiva da Análise do Discurso e da Semiótica, analisar aquilo que subjaz ao fio discursivo e os efeitos de sentido extralinguísticos oriundos da associação de duas extremidades inusitadas: política versus futebol, na qual a primeira é representada pela polarização entre os simpatizantes das correntes de esquerda e os outros que representam a direita e a extrema direita na política partidária brasileira.
Fatores que interferem na assistência em saúde bucal dos usuários em sofrimento psíquico
Authors: Amorim Inamari Souza de Almeida , Pinho Paula Hayasi , Cortes Helena Moraes , Alvarez Rocío  Elizabeth Chávez
Published: May 2024

Introdução: O Sistema Único de Saúde é um sistema público que, ao longo dos anos, apresentou grandes avanços em relação à expansão e ao fortalecimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde através da implantação dos serviços, atuação das equipes de saúde e ampliação das Redes de Atenção à Saúde. Objetivo: O estudo buscou identificar os fatores que interferem na assistência odontológica a usuários em sofrimento psíquico nos diferentes serviços de saúde da Rede de Atenção à Saúde de uma grande capital do nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: Foi utilizada, como abordagem metodológica, a Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial, com os dados sendo coletados através de observação participante e grupo de convergência. Resultados: A partir da análise dos relatos dos profissionais que compõem a Rede de Atenção à Saúde, foi possível identificar os fatores que interferem no cuidado integral em saúde bucal do usuário em sofrimento psíquico que estão relacionados à articulação dos serviços das redes de atenção, como também, fatores relacionados à saúde bucal e mental. Conclusões: Observou-se que os fatores abordados pelos profissionais evidenciavam pouca articulação das redes de atenção, com cada uma operando suas ações e serviços de forma independente, sem uma compreensão nítida das potencialidades e dificuldades. Este texto é fruto do programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu Mestrado Profissional em Saúde da Família (PROFSAÚDE).
Palavras-chave: Saúde Bucal; Saúde Mental; Serviços de Saúde; Atenção à Saúde; Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde.