bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated Optimization of Pipe Routing and Clamp Layout for Aeroengine Using Improved MOALO
Authors: Liu Qiang , Tang Zhi , Liu Huijuan , Yu Jiapeng , Ma Hui , Yang Yonghua
Published: July 2021

Pipe routing and clamp layout for aeroengine are NP-hard computational problems and complex engineering design processes. Besides space constraints and engineering rules, there are assembly constraints between pipes and clamps, which usually lead to repeatedly modifications between pipe routing and clamp layout designs. In order to solve the problems of assembly constraints and design coupling between them, an integrated optimization method for pipe routing and clamp layout is proposed. To this end, the MOALO (multiobjective ant lion optimizer) algorithm is modified by introducing the levy flight strategy to improve the global search performance and convergence speed, and it is further used as a basic computation tool. The integrated optimization method takes pipe and clamp as a whole system and then solves the Pareto solution set of pipe-clamp layouts by using improved MOALO, where the pipe path, clamp position, and rotation angle are selected as decision variables and are further optimized. Inspired by engineering experience, a clamp-based pipe path mechanism considering regular nodes is established to deal with assembly constraint problem. The proposed method comprehensively considers engineering rules of pipe routing and clamp layout and realizes the overall layout optimization of pipe-clamp system while guaranteeing the assembly constraints between pipes and clamps. Finally, some numerical computations and routing examples are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease and Psoriasis Vulgaris after COVID-19 in a Male Teenager
Authors: Qureshi Nadia K. , Bansal Sanjay K.
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 is implicated in triggering autoimmune, dermatologic, and thyroid diseases. We present a first known case of development of Graves’ disease and psoriasis vulgaris in a previously healthy male teenager without any family history, diagnosed after COVID-19 infection. Evaluation of “long COVID syndrome” should include thorough history and thyroid evaluation.
[Retracted] Effects of the FR 4 Substrate Realized in a Circularly Polarized UHF‐RFID Reader Antenna with Fractal Geometry for Enhancing Parameters
Authors: Varadhan Chitra , Arulselvi S. , Ashine Chamatu Fekadu
Published: July 2021

The proposed RFID reader antenna progressed with perfect electric conductor (PEC) as the radiating element and FR 4 as the substrate to achieve circular polarization, enhancement in bandwidth, and read range. The design presents a CPW feed RFID antenna for near‐field reading applications, between the range of 903 MHz to 929 MHz. The operating frequency of the proposed design is 900 MHz, axial ratio of the model is less than 3 dB, impedance bandwidth is 256 MHz, and axial bandwidth is 36 MHz, proving to be adequate for near‐field RFID reader applications such as item‐level tagging and smart shelf. The proposed antenna model is realized with fractal structure to achieve miniaturization. The developed antenna is optimized using EM software for numerical analysis. The designed antenna is fabricated, and the prototype is characterized in terms of dielectric constant and loss tangent. The obtained results indicate high correlation with simulation results.
Osteoid Osteoma: A Unique Presentation in a Child’s Lesser Toe
Authors: Bellemans Michel , de Saint-Aubin de Somerhausen Nicolas , Lê Phu Quoc
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Osteoid osteoma is an uncommon, small, benign, self-limiting, and usually painful tumor of the skeleton. Diagnosis can be straightforward if seen in the usual locations as the femur and the tibia in young adults, who present with nocturnal pain, alleviated by salicylates. The diagnosis can be more challenging in the spine, pelvis, hand, or feet. Case Report. We report the case of an 11-year-old boy who was treated symptomatically for a painful toe since 10 months, without a definitive diagnosis. X-ray, MRI, and scintigraphy, along with the typical nocturnal pain and swelling of the toe, suggested an osteoid osteoma, confirmed by histology after excisional biopsy of the lesion. Conclusion. Osteoid osteoma should always be included in the differential diagnosis when it comes to nocturnal pain without systemic signs, even in unusual places in children. The awareness should lead to a prompt diagnosis and treatment.
The Value of Convolutional Neural Network-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Image Segmentation Algorithm to Guide Targeted Controlled Release of Doxorubicin Nanopreparation
Authors: Liu Hujun , Gao Hui , Jia Fei
Published: July 2021

There was an investigation of the auxiliary role of convolutional neural network- (CNN-) based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image segmentation algorithm in MRI image-guided targeted drug therapy of doxorubicin nanomaterials so that the value of drug-controlled release in liver cancer patients was evaluated. In this study, 80 patients with liver cancer were selected as the research objects. It was hoped that the CNN-based MRI image segmentation algorithm could be applied to the guided analysis of MRI images of the targeted controlled release of doxorubicin nanopreparation to analyze the imaging analysis effect of this algorithm on the targeted treatment of liver cancer with doxorubicin nanopreparation. The results of this study showed that the upgraded three-dimensional (3D) CNN-based MRI image segmentation had a better effect compared with the traditional CNN-based MRI image segmentation, with significant improvement in indicators such as accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity, and the differences were all statistically marked (

p
<
0.05

). In the monitoring of the targeted drug therapy of doxorubicin nanopreparation for liver cancer patients, it was found that the MRI images of liver cancer patients processed by 3D CNN-based MRI image segmentation neural algorithm could be observed more intuitively and guided to accurately reach the target of liver cancer. The accuracy of targeted release determination of nanopreparation reached 80 ± 6.25%, which was higher markedly than that of the control group (66.6 ± 5.32%) (

p
<
0.05

). In a word, the MRI image segmentation algorithm based on CNN had good application potential in guiding patients with liver cancer for targeted therapy with doxorubicin nanopreparation, which was worth promoting in the adjuvant treatment of targeted drugs for cancer.
Natural Transform along with HPM Technique for Solving Fractional ADE
Authors: Pareek N. , Gupta A. , Agarwal G. , Suthar D. L.
Published: July 2021

The authors of this paper solve the fractional space-time advection-dispersion equation (ADE). In the advection-dispersion process, the solute movement being nonlocal in nature and the velocity of fluid flow being nonuniform, it leads to form a heterogeneous system which approaches to model the same by means of a fractional ADE which generalizes the classical ADE, where the time derivative is substituted through the Caputo fractional derivative. For the study of such fractional models, various numerical techniques are used by the researchers but the nonlocality of the fractional derivative causes high computational expenses and complex calculations so the challenge is to use an efficient method which involves less computation and high accuracy in solving such models numerically. Here, in order to get the FADE solved in the form of convergent infinite series, a novel method NHPM (natural homotopy perturbation method) is applied which couples Natural transform along with the homotopy perturbation method. The homotopy peturbation method has been applied in mathematical physics to solve many initial value problems expressed in the form of PDEs. Also, the HPM has an advantage over the other methods that it does not require any discretization of the domains, is independent of any physical parameters, and only uses an embedding parameter

p
∈

0
,
1

. The HPM combined with the Natural transform leads to rapidly convergent series solutions with less computation. The efficacy of the used method is shown by working out some examples for time-fractional ADE with various initial conditions using the NHPM. The Mittag-Leffler function is used to solve the fractional space-time advection-dispersion problem, and the impact of changing the fractional parameter

α

on the solute concentration is shown for all the cases.
Joint Dynamic Innovation and Pricing Decisions for the ODM Supply Chain
Authors: Wang Xin
Published: July 2021

More and more companies in the supply chain choose the cooperation mode of original design and manufacturing (ODM). This paper investigates the problems of the joint design innovation and pricing strategies for the ODM supply chain by considering the impact of the dynamic of quality level on market demand. First, applying differential game theory, optimal strategies for design innovation, and pricing under decentralized and centralized scenarios are obtained. At the same time, the optimal strategies under the two decision-making scenarios are compared and analyzed. Second, a two-part tariff contract is introduced to coordinate the decentralized ODM supply chain. Finally, we further establish a Nash bargaining model among members of the supply chain. It is found that, in a centralized system, the design innovation efforts, product quality levels, and supply chain profits in the decentralized decision scenario are lower than that in the centralized decision scenario, but the selling price relationship in both scenarios depends on the parameters of the operating system.
Shock Signal Trend Term Error Correction Method Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform and Low‐Frequency Oscillator Combination
Authors: Wang Peng , Yan Ming , Zhang Lei , Yang Ning
Published: July 2021

Shock response spectrum (SRS), calculated according to shock loading signal, is the primary metric for assessing the shock resistance ability of shipborne equipment. Nevertheless, the measured shock acceleration signal contains a trend term error that severely distorts the low frequency of the SRS. The accuracy of present correction methods cannot be assured due to a lack of reference. A discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and low‐frequency oscillator combination method is proposed for correcting shock signals in this paper. The optimal wavelet parameters can be selected according to a low‐frequency spectrum baseline fitted by the measured relative displacement to reject low‐frequency trend term errors. Shock machine test results show that the average difference between the low‐frequency spectrum baseline and uncorrected SRS is reduced from 89.8% to 3.2%, while the SRS slope rolled off to 5.8 dB/oct after imposing the proposed correction. The corrected SRS can faithfully show the actual shock loading characteristics of shipborne equipment in shock tests.
Inverse Agonist of Retinoid-Related Orphan Receptor-Alpha Prevents Apoptosis and Degeneration in Nucleus Pulposus Cells via Upregulation of YAP
Authors: Liang Tongzhou , Qiu Jincheng , Li Shaoguang , Deng Zhihuai , Qiu Xianjian , Hu Wenjun , Li Pengfei , Chen Taiqiu , Liang Zhancheng , Zhou Hang , Gao Bo , Huang Dongsheng , Liang Anjing , Gao Wenjie
Published: July 2021

Intervertebral disc degenerative disease (IDD) is the most common degenerative spine disease, which leads to chronic low back pain and symptoms in the lower extremities. In this study, we found that RORα, a member of the retinoid-related orphan receptor family, is significantly elevated in nucleus pulposus tissue in IDD patients. The elevation of RORα is associated with increased apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Therefore, we applicated a well-established inverse agonist of RORα, SR3335, to investigate its role in regulating NP cell metabolism and apoptosis. To further investigate the mechanism that SR3335 regulates the pathogenesis of IDD in vitro, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) stimulation was used in human NP cells to mimic the hostile environment that leads to degeneration. We found that SR3335 treatment reversed the trend of increased apoptosis in NP cells induced by TNF-α treatment. Next, TNF-α treatment upregulated the expression of type II collagen and aggrecan and downregulated MMP13 (matrix-degrading enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 13) and ADAMTS4 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4). However, these effects were reversed after SR3335 treatment. Furthermore, we find that SR3335 mediated the effect in NP cells by regulating the YAP signaling pathway, especially by affecting the phosphorylation state of YAP. In conclusion, the reduction of matrix degradation enzymes and apoptosis upon SR3335 treatment suggests that SR3335 is a promising drug in reversing the deleterious microenvironment in IDD patients.
A Millimeter-Wave Wideband Circularly Polarized Planar Spiral Antenna Array with Unequal Amplitude Feeding Network
Authors: Chen Huakang , Shao Yu , He Zhangjian , Zhang Changhong , Zhang Zhizhong
Published: July 2021

A 2 × 2 wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna array operating at millimeter wave (mmWave) band is presented. The array element is a wideband CP Archimedean spiral radiator with special-shaped ring slot. The elements are fed by an unequal amplitude (UA) feeding network based on a microstrip line (MSL) power divider. The side lobe level is improved by this UA feeding network. In addition, a cross slot is employed to isolate the elements for decoupling. A prototype is fabricated, and the measured results show that the proposed array achieves an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 6.31 GHz (22.5% referring to 28 GHz) and an axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 7.32 GHz (26.1% referring to 28 GHz). The peak gain of the proposed array is 11.3 dBic, and the gain is greater than 9.3 dBic within the whole desired band (from 25 GHz to 31 GHz). The proposed array consists of only one substrate layer and can be built by the conventional printed circuit board technology. Attributed to the characteristics of wide bandwidth, simple structure, low profile, and low cost, the proposed antenna array has a great potential in mmWave wireless communications.
Pruritus Features in Children with End-Stage Renal Disease Underwent Dialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mehrkash Mehryar , Golestaneh Seyed-javad , Madihi Yahya , Paknazar Fatemeh , Hadian Mahdi , Akbari Mojtaba , Abtahi-Naeini Bahareh
Published: July 2021

Objective. Evaluation of the pruritus features in children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who underwent dialysis at an academic tertiary pediatric dialysis center. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted at an academic tertiary pediatric dialysis center, Isfahan, Iran. The reviewed medical records of the children included their characteristics, dialysis properties, and laboratory parameters. The 4-item itch questionnaire was utilized to assess distribution, severity, frequency, and associated sleeping disorders. Results. Thirty ESRD patients with pruritus, including 23 males (76.7%) with a mean age of

11.7
±
3.64

years, were recruited. The most common cause of CKD was nephronophthisis (23.3%). The median total score of pruritus was 5 (range: 3-15). The distribution score of pruritus was directly correlated with the age (Spearman’s

rho
=
0

.42,

P
=
0.02

) and serum level of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (Spearman’s

rho
=
0.42

,

P
=
0.04

). In the reduced multiple logistic regression model, the increasing level of serum calcium was associated with increased odds of having

total
 
pruritus
 
score
≥
5

(OR (odds ratio): 4.5; 95% CI 1.12 to 18.05). In addition, an increase in age for one year was found to be associated with 50% higher odds of having

total
 
pruritus
 
score
≥
5

(OR: 1.5; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.18). Conclusion. Increased level of serum Ca and higher age were associated with increased odds of having more severe pruritus score in children.
Genetic Risk for Overall Cancer and the Benefit of Adherence to a Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Zhu Meng , Wang Tianpei , Huang Yanqian , Zhao Xiaoyu , Ding Yuqing , Zhu Mengyi , Ji Mengmeng , Wang Cheng , Dai Juncheng , Yin Rong , Xu Lin , Ma Hongxia , Wei Qingyi , Jin Guangfu , Hu Zhibin , Shen Hongbing
Published: July 2021

Cancer site–specific polygenic risk scores (PRS) effectively identify individuals at high risk of individual cancers, but the effectiveness of PRS on overall cancer risk assessment and the extent to which a high genetic risk of overall cancer can be offset by a healthy lifestyle remain unclear. Here, we constructed an incidence-weighted overall cancer polygenic risk score (CPRS) based on 20 cancer site-specific PRSs. Lifestyle was determined according to smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body mass index, and diet. Cox regression by sex was used to analyze associations of genetic and lifestyle factors with cancer incidence using UK Biobank data (N = 442,501). Compared with participants at low genetic risk (bottom quintile of CPRS), those at intermediate (quintiles 2 to 4) or high (top quintile) genetic risk had HRs of 1.27 (95% confidence interval, 1.21–1.34) or 1.91 (1.81–2.02) for overall cancer, respectively, for men, and 1.21 (1.16–1.27) or 1.62 (1.54–1.71), respectively, for women. A joint effect of genetic and lifestyle factors on overall cancer risk was observed, with HRs reaching 2.99 (2.45–3.64) for men and 2.38 (2.05–2.76) for women with high genetic risk and unfavorable lifestyle compared with those with low genetic risk and favorable lifestyle. Among participants at high genetic risk, the standardized 5-year cancer incidence was significantly reduced from 7.23% to 5.51% for men and from 5.77% to 3.69% for women having a favorable lifestyle. In summary, individuals at high genetic risk of overall cancer can be identified by CPRS, and risk can be attenuated by adopting a healthy lifestyle.

Significance:

A new indicator of cancer polygenic risk score measures genetic risk for overall cancer, which could identify individuals with high cancer risk to facilitate decision-making about lifestyle modifications for personalized prevention.
Mutant Idh2 Cooperates with a NUP98-HOXD13 Fusion to Induce Early Immature Thymocyte Precursor ALL
Authors: Goldberg Liat , Negi Vijay , Chung Yang Jo , Onozawa Masahiro , Zhu Yuelin J. , Walker Robert L. , Pierce Rachel , Patel Daxesh P. , Krausz Kristopher W. , Gonzalez Frank J. , Goodell Margaret A. , Rodriguez Benjamin A.T. , Meltzer Paul S. , Aplan Peter D.
Published: July 2021

Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2 genes are frequently observed in a wide variety of hematologic malignancies, including myeloid and T-cell leukemias. In this study, we generated Idh2R140Q transgenic mice to examine the role of the Idh2R140Q mutation in leukemia. No leukemia developed in Idh2R140Q transgenic mice, suggesting a need for additional genetic events for leukemia development. Because myeloid cells from NUP98-HOXD13 fusion (NHD13) transgenic mice frequently acquire somatic Idh mutations when they transform to acute myeloid leukemia, we generated Idh2R140Q/NHD13 double transgenic mice. Idh2R140Q/NHD13 transgenic mice developed an immature T-cell leukemia with an immunophenotype similar to double-negative 1 (DN1) or DN2 thymocytes. Idh2R140Q/NHD13 leukemic cells were enriched for an early thymic precursor transcriptional signature, and the gene expression profile for Idh2R140Q/NHD13 DN1/DN2 T-ALL closely matched that of human early/immature T-cell precursor (EITP) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Moreover, recurrent mutations found in patients with EITP ALL, including KRAS, PTPN11, JAK3, SH2B3, and EZH2 were also found in Idh2R140Q/NHD13 DN1/DN2 T-ALL. In vitro treatment of Idh2R140Q/NHD13 thymocytes with enasidenib, a selective inhibitor of mutant IDH2, led to a marked decrease in leukemic cell proliferation. These findings demonstrate that Idh2R140Q/NHD13 mice can serve as a useful in vivo model for the study of early/immature thymocyte precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia development and therapy.

Significance:

T-cell leukemia induced in Idh2R140Q/NUP98-HOXD13 mice is immunophenotypically, transcriptionally, and genetically similar to human EITP ALL, providing a model for studying disease development and treatment.
Minimal Residual Disease in Myeloma: Application for Clinical Care and New Drug Registration
Authors: Anderson Kenneth C. , Auclair Daniel , Adam Stacey J. , Agarwal Amit , Anderson Melissa , Avet-Loiseau Hervé , Bustoros Mark , Chapman Jessica , Connors Dana E. , Dash Ajeeta , Di Bacco Alessandra , Du Ling , Facon Thierry , Flores-Montero Juan , Gay Francesca , Ghobrial Irene M. , Gormley Nicole J. , Gupta Ira , Higley Howard , Hillengass Jens , Kanapuru Bindu , Kazandjian Dickran , Kelloff Gary J. , Kirsch Ilan R. , Kremer Brandon , Landgren Ola , Lightbody Elizabeth , Lomas Oliver C. , Lonial Sagar , Mateos María-Victoria , Montes de Oca Rocio , Mukundan Lata , Munshi Nikhil C. , O'Donnell Elizabeth K. , Orfao Alberto , Paiva Bruno , Patel Reshma , Pugh Trevor J. , Ramasamy Karthik , Ray Jill , Roshal Mikhail , Ross Jeremy A. , Sigman Caroline C. , Thoren Katie L. , Trudel Suzanne , Ulaner Gary , Valente Nancy , Weiss Brendan M. , Zamagni Elena , Kumar Shaji K.
Published: July 2021

The development of novel agents has transformed the treatment paradigm for multiple myeloma, with minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity now achievable across the entire disease spectrum. Bone marrow–based technologies to assess MRD, including approaches using next-generation flow and next-generation sequencing, have provided real-time clinical tools for the sensitive detection and monitoring of MRD in patients with multiple myeloma. Complementary liquid biopsy–based assays are now quickly progressing with some, such as mass spectrometry methods, being very close to clinical use, while others utilizing nucleic acid–based technologies are still developing and will prove important to further our understanding of the biology of MRD. On the regulatory front, multiple retrospective individual patient and clinical trial level meta-analyses have already shown and will continue to assess the potential of MRD as a surrogate for patient outcome. Given all this progress, it is not surprising that a number of clinicians are now considering using MRD to inform real-world clinical care of patients across the spectrum from smoldering myeloma to relapsed refractory multiple myeloma, with each disease setting presenting key challenges and questions that will need to be addressed through clinical trials. The pace of advances in targeted and immune therapies in multiple myeloma is unprecedented, and novel MRD-driven biomarker strategies are essential to accelerate innovative clinical trials leading to regulatory approval of novel treatments and continued improvement in patient outcomes.
Sophocarpine Attenuates Cognitive Impairment and Promotes Neurogenesis in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Ye Jian-Ya , Hao Qingmao , Zong Yijun , Shen Yongqing , Zhang Zhiqin , Ma Changsheng
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is characterized by abnormal deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and impaired neurogenesis and cognition, still lacks an optimally effective therapeutic agent for its management, and mounting evidence has shown that inflammatory processes are implicated in AD. Sophocarpine has been reported to exert inflammation-regulating effects in various diseases. However, whether sophocarpine can exert anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects in AD remains unclear. This study investigated whether sophocarpine could ameliorate the pathological features and potential mechanisms in a mouse AD model. Methods: APP/PS1 mice were treated with sophocarpine for 8 weeks. We quantified the effects of sophocarpine treatment on cognitive performance using a behavioral test. Brain Aβ deposits and neurogenesis were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining. We also assessed the morphology and inflammatory changes induced by sophocarpine administration and its expression in the hippocampus. Results: Administration of sophocarpine significantly alleviated cognitive impairment and reduced neural loss. APP/PS1 mice treated with sophocarpine showed reduced Aβ plaque deposits and enhanced neurogenesis. Sophocarpine markedly decreased the expression of inflammation markers and inhibited microglial activation. Conclusions: Sophocarpine could potentially alleviate cognitive impairment and brain damage in APP/PS1 mice with its neuroprotective effects via modulation of the inflammatory pathway.
Morphological Lesion Types Are Associated with Primary and Secondary Patency Rates after High-Pressure Balloon Angioplasty for Dysfunctional Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Chen Li , Zhang Weichen , Tan Jinyun , Hu Min , Shi Weihao , Zhang Minmin , Wang Yong , Yu Bo , Chen Jing
Published: July 2021

Background: Neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) is believed to be the main reason for arteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction, but other mechanisms are also recognized to be involved in the pathophysiological process. This study investigated whether different morphological types of AVF lesions are associated with the patency rate after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Methods: This retrospective study included 120 patients who underwent PTA for autogenous AVF dysfunction. All the cases were evaluated under Doppler ultrasound (DU) before intervention and divided into 3 types: Type I (NIH type), Type II (non-NIH type), and Type III (mixed type). Prognostic and clinical data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: There was no statistical difference in baseline variables among groups, except for lumen diameter. The primary patency rates in Type I, Type II, and Type III groups were 78.4, 93.2, and 83.2% at 6 months and 59.5, 84.7, and 75.5% at 1 year, respectively. The secondary patency rates in Type I, Type II, and Type III groups were 94.4, 97.1, and 100% at 6 months and 90.5, 97.1, and 94.7% at 1 year, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the primary and secondary patency rates of Type I group were lower than those of Type II group. Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated that postoperative primary patency was correlated with end-to-end anastomosis (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.997, p = 0.008, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.328–6.764) and Type I lesion (HR = 5.395, p = 0.004, 95% CI: 1.730–16.824). Conclusions: NIH-dominant lesions of AVF evaluated by DU preoperatively were a risk factor for poor primary and secondary patency rate after PTA in hemodialysis patients.
Markers of the Endothelial Glycocalyx Are Improved following Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Liew Hui , Roberts Matthew A. , McMahon Lawrence P.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The endothelial glycocalyx on the vascular luminal surface contributes to endothelial health and function. Damage to this layer is indicative of vascular injury, reflected by increased levels of its shed constituents in serum and an increase in the perfused boundary region (PBR) when measured in sublingual capillaries using the GlycoCheck™ device. We aimed to examine the longitudinal effects of kidney transplantation on the glycocalyx by measuring biochemical markers of the glycocalyx and endothelial dysfunction and the PBR. Methods: We recruited healthy controls and stage 5 CKD patients scheduled to undergo a kidney transplant. Investigations were performed before transplant and then 1 and 3 months after transplantation. At each point, blood was collected for hyaluronan, syndecan-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), and von Willebrand factor (vWF), and a PBR measurement was performed. Results: Thirty healthy controls and 17 patients undergoing a kidney transplant were recruited (9 cadaveric and 8 live donation; 12 on dialysis and 5 pre-emptive). Before transplant, transplant recipients had greater evidence of glycocalyx damage than controls. After transplant, PBR improved from median 2.22 (range 1.29–2.73) to 1.98 (1.65–2.25) µm, p = 0.024, and syndecan-1 levels decreased from 98 (40–529) to 36 (20–328) ng/mL, p < 0.001. Similarly, VCAM-1 fell from 1,479 (751–2,428) at baseline to 823 (516–1,674) ng/mL, p < 0.001, and vWF reduced from 3,114 (1,549–5,197) to 2,007 (1,503–3,542) mIU/mL, p = 0.002. Serum levels of hyaluronan remained unchanged. Conclusion: The combination of reduced PBR and syndecan-1 following transplant suggests that transplantation may improve glycocalyx stability at 3 months after transplant.
Association between Comorbidities and Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry: Using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV–VI
Authors: Kim Joohae , Lee Chang-Hoon , Lee Ha Youn , Kim Ho
Published: July 2021

Background: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) patients have more frequent respiratory symptoms and an increased risk of mortality. However, studies on comorbidities in these patients are lacking. Objectives: We investigated the association between PRISm and comorbidities using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Method: This cross-sectional study included participants aged ≥50 years from the KNHANES (2007–2015). Participants who did not undergo spirometry or performed inadequately were excluded. We classified participants into 3 groups according to spirometry: PRISm (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1] /forced vital capacity [FVC] ≥ 0.7 and FEV1 <80%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (FEV1/ FVC <0.7), and normal. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the risk of comorbidities in the PRISm group compared to that in the normal group. Result: The study included 17,515 participants: 12,777 (73.0%), 1,563 (8.9%), and 3,175 (18.1%) in normal, PRISm, and COPD groups, respectively. After adjustment for known risk factors of each disease, hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]; 1.31 [1.14–1.50]), diabetes (1.51 [1.29–1.78]), hypercholesterolemia (1.20 [1.04–1.37]), obesity (1.31 [1.15–1.48]), ischemic heart disease (1.58 [1.13–2.22]), chronic renal disease (2.31 [1.09–4.88]), and thyroid disease (1.41 [1.09–1.83]) risks were significantly higher in the PRISm group than in the normal group. The average number of comorbidities was 2.45 in the PRISm group, which was higher than that in the normal (2.1) and COPD (2.03) groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The number of comorbidities was significantly higher in the PRISm group than in others. Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, ischemic heart disease, chronic renal disease, and thyroid disease were associated with PRISm after adjustment for risk factors.
Multiple Tumor-Associated Intracranial Aneurysms Adjacent to a Suprasellar Germ Cell Tumor: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Yue John K. , Chang Diana , Oh Taemin , Winkler Ethan A. , Lu Alex Y. , Hetts Steven W. , Young Elizabeth P. , Reddy Alyssa T. , Fox Christine K. , Abla Adib A. , Roland Jarod L.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Tumor-associated intracranial aneurysms are rare and not well understood. Case Presentation: We describe a 4-year-old female with multiple intracranial aneurysms intimately associated with a suprasellar germ cell tumor (GCT). We provide the clinical history, medical, and surgical treatment course, as well as a comprehensive and concise synthesis of the literature on tumor-associated aneurysms. Discussion: We discuss mechanisms for aneurysm formation with relevance to the current case, including cellular and paracrine signaling pertinent to suprasellar GCTs and possible molecular pathways involved. We review the complex multidisciplinary treatment required for complex tumor and cerebrovascular interactions.
Social Contagion of Astrology in the Social Media amid COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lopez Kristoffer Romulo B. , Gaticales Natalia P. , Provido Alliyah Vanessa C. , Santelices Samantha Mae B. , Arcinas Myla M.
Published: July 2021

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the associations of the extent of Social Contagion - Conscious Behavioral Response (CBR) towards Astrology on social media among Filipino Post-Millennial university students aged 18 to 23 years old with their demographics, Stress Level (SL), and Level of Susceptibility to Barnum effect (LSB) during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 406 respondents participated in the online survey and data were analyzed using descriptive and non-parametric inferential statistics. Findings showed that respondents have high SL, moderate CBR level, and high LSB. Female respondents were found to have significantly higher CBR Factor Scores compared too males (p< 0.000). Thus, the females tended to be more consumers of Astrology in the social media. Other variables tested (religion, p=0.128; residence type, p= 0.736; age, p= 0.339) showed no statistical significant difference between the sample’s CBR Factor Scores. Also, a person’s stress level during the COVID-19 pandemic (in terms of the situation’s manageability and uncertainty) revealed a statistical significant association with their susceptibility to the Barnum effect (odds ratio 1.252686, p= 0.002). Thus, the more stressed a person is, he tend to manifest higher consumption of Astrology related information in the social media due to high uncertainty and less capacity to control the situation despite high management capacity score. Furthermore, activities involved in the consumption of Astrology through social media revealed a positive moderate significant association with their level of susceptibility to the Barnum effect (r=0.603, p<0.000). In a pandemic situation, the females consumed more Astrology related information even if the information is vague and may be to general to absorbed. Overall, the higher the SL and the higher the CBR, the higher the LSB. Thus, in this period of COVID-19 pandemic, females are more susceptible to higher level of Barnum Effect as they consumed higher level of Astrology related information triggered by higher level of stress brought by the high level of uncertainty and low level of individual’s control to thee current pandemic situation.
ECA, certificado de clube formador e treinadores do futebol masculino de base no Brasil - conflitos éticos
Authors: Pinto Arthur Sales , Drigo Alexandre Janotta
Published: July 2021

O presente estudo buscou, por meio de técnicas de análise documental, avaliar a interação entre a) legislação e textos que abordam os direitos das crianças e adolescentes e os direitos dos jovens futebolistas com a b) Carta Internacional da Educação Física e Esportes e o Código de Ética do Profissional de Educação Física em relação às c) exigências dos clubes formadores de jogadores de futebol masculino. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa descritiva, delineada pela fonte documental. Os resultados revelam discrepâncias entre o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, a Carta Internacional da Educação Física e Esportes e o Código de Ética do Profissional de Educação Física, e os demais documentos analisados e sinalizam para a ocorrência de conflitos éticos na atuação do profissional de Educação Física que exerce a atividade treinador de futebol em categorias de base.
“E o que eu tenho a ver com isso?” - Um exercício de “imaginação pedagógica” sobre o racismo na prática
Authors: Toledo Ana Carolina
Published: July 2021

Se o racismo é estrutural, isso quer dizer que ele está intrinsicamente fundamentado naquilo que nos estrutura, naquilo que nos dá base e forma nossas subjetividades. O presente ensaio propõe-se a pensar sobre o racismo institucionalizado nas práticas educativas esportivas a partir de proposições de exercícios de “imaginação pedagógica”: através de questionamentos advindos da práxis metodológica e epistemológica, pensando identidades e subjetividades negras e brancas, reflexões prático-pedagógicas são colocadas a fim de pensar-se a Educação Física a partir de uma perspectiva crítica, plural, equalitária e, sobretudo, humana. Considera-se, neste ensaio, estas discussões incipientes e necessárias para a construção de uma Educação Física antirracista.
A ética do inconcluso em juventude em marcha – a carta de Ventura
Authors: Cerqueira João Luiz Borogan
Published: July 2021

Este ensaio apresenta uma análise do personagem Ventura, de Juventude em marcha, à luz das considerações de Bakhtin sobre a construção da personagem no romance polifônico de Dostoievski. O comentário se centrará, sobretudo, na carta de Ventura e em sua possível leitura analítica como uma porta de entrada para comentarmos a constituição dessa personagem como uma autoconsciência. A hipótese a ser testada pela análise é a de que essa autoconsciência age no filme por meio da preservação de uma certa opacidade da personagem em relação ao narrador do filme e ao espectador, opacidade por meio da qual a personagem mantém sua autonomia preservada.
Ismar de Oliveira Soares: a memória dos estudos comunicativos-educativos e da educomunicação no Brasil
Authors: Citelli Adilson , Nonato Claudia , Figaro Roseli
Published: July 2021

Ismar de Oliveira Soares concedeu remotamente uma entrevista exclusiva à Revista Comunicação & Educação. A proposta é homenagear o professor Titular Sênior da Universidade de São Paulo, que generosamente nos apresentou os aspectos mais importantes da sua trajetória, diretamente relacionada aos estudos da Comunicação e Educação e, posteriormente, ao conceito de Educomunicação. Nesta entrevista, Soares faz uma recuperação histórica da epistemologia educomunicativa e da sua implantação na ECA/USP; também responde a questões relacionadas ao pensamento de Paulo Freire e à presença das tecnologias no ambiente escolar, além de demonstrar preocupação com a disseminação das fake News e da da EAD nos últimos anos.
Mídia na escola: um relato de prática pedagógica na pandemia
Authors: Spinelli Egle Müller , Generali Sabrina , Hoff Tania Marcia Cezar
Published: July 2021

Considerando a mídia como um mediador que envolve o reconhecimento das lógicas de produção e de consumo de textos midiáticos, apresentamos o relato de uma prática pedagógica, organizada em torno de um projeto interdisciplinar e realizada a distância e no contexto da pandemia com estudantes dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, a partir do consumo de conteúdos publicados no Joca, um veículo jornalístico voltado para o público infantojuvenil. Para tanto, recorremos à material elaborado pelos professores envolvidos e a entrevistas semiestruturadas. Refletimos acerca da relação comunicação/educação/consumo partindo do pensamento de diversos pesquisadores, como Maria Aparecida Baccega.
Reflexões sobre formação de professores, linguagem e tecnologias
Authors: Lima-Lopes Rodrigo Esteves de , Câmara Marco Túlio , Oliveira Maria Luiza Tápias
Published: July 2021

This article aims to discuss the changes that a module in the undergraduate program in Letras at Unicamp underwent due to social distancing and Remote Emergency Classes, both imposed by the world’s pandemic in 2020. The module named “Language and Technologies” already had an important component related to communication and its importance in teaching. However, the new situation led to the strengthening of these themes, given the pressing need for students to interact in the new context that had arisen. By discussing the course, its objectives and the changes made to adapt it to this new context, we reflect upon the course results and the methodological processes.
Atividades em sala de aula
Authors: Itacarambi Ruth Ribas
Published: July 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo fazer a reflexão sobre os artigos propostos para a edição atual. Esta reflexão prioriza as concepções da Educomunicação presente nas matérias selecionadas.
Duble uma teoria: a dublagem como dispositivo educomunicativo no ensino de teorias da comunicação
Authors: Grohmann Rafael
Published: July 2021

This article discusses dubbing as a dispositif in communication theory education, considering possibilities, limits and gaps. Based on pedagogical experiences in the classroom in undergraduate courses, this paper aims to understand questions of praxis, circulation of meanings, remix and the very communication/circulation of communication theories beyond the academic field, in a movement between “epistemologizing pop culture” and “popularizing epistemology”.
Educomunicação nos movimentos artísticos urbanos venezuelanos: Muraleja, Urbano Aborigen e Ksa La Tribu
Authors: Baptaglin Leila Adriana
Published: July 2021

A presente investigação objetivou compreender como os movimentos artísticos urbanos venezuelanos comunicam suas proposições. Para tanto, foram realizadas pesquisas nas redes sociais e análise das narrativas escritas e visuais dos coletivos venezuelanos: MURALeja, Urbano Aborigen e Ksa La Tribu. Com base na análise das narrativas, organizamos quatro categorias: aproximação e conceituação da Arte Urbana; coletivos de Arte Urbana; circuito da arte: produção, recepção, cultura viva e financiamento; e produções artísticas. Assim, ficou evidente a necessidade de compreender os conceitos de territorialidades, educomunicação e circuito da arte para demonstrar as relações de resistência e poder baseadas nos movimentos artísticos urbanos.
Rare Coding Variants Associated With Electrocardiographic Intervals Identify Monogenic Arrhythmia Susceptibility Genes: A Multi-Ancestry Analysis
Authors: Choi Seung Hoan , Jurgens Sean J. , Haggerty Christopher M. , Hall Amelia W. , Halford Jennifer L. , Morrill Valerie N. , Weng Lu-Chen , Lagerman Braxton , Mirshahi Tooraj , Pettinger Mary , Guo Xiuqing , Lin Henry J. , Alonso Alvaro , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Kornej Jelena , Lin Honghuang , Moscati Arden , Nadkarni Girish N. , Brody Jennifer A. , Wiggins Kerri L. , Cade Brian E. , Lee Jiwon , Austin-Tse Christina , Blackwell Tom , Chaffin Mark D. , Lee Christina J.-Y. , Rehm Heidi L. , Roselli Carolina ,   Regeneron Genetics Center, Redline Susan , Mitchell Braxton D. , Sotoodehnia Nona , Psaty Bruce M. , Heckbert Susan R. , Loos Ruth J.F. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Benjamin Emelia J. , Correa Adolfo , Boerwinkle Eric , Arking Dan E. , Rotter Jerome I. , Rich Stephen S. , Whitsel Eric A. , Perez Marco , Kooperberg Charles , Fornwalt Brandon K. , Lunetta Kathryn L. , Ellinor Patrick T. , Lubitz Steven A. ,   on behalf of the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Consortium
Published: July 2021

Background:

Alterations in electrocardiographic (ECG) intervals are well-known markers for arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk. While the genetics of arrhythmia syndromes have been studied, relations between electrocardiographic intervals and rare genetic variation at a population level are poorly understood.

Methods:

Using a discovery sample of 29 000 individuals with whole-genome sequencing from Trans-Omics in Precision Medicine and replication in nearly 100 000 with whole-exome sequencing from the UK Biobank and MyCode, we examined associations between low-frequency and rare coding variants with 5 routinely measured electrocardiographic traits (RR, P-wave, PR, and QRS intervals and corrected QT interval).

Results:

We found that rare variants associated with population-based electrocardiographic intervals identify established monogenic SCD genes (
KCNQ1
,
KCNH2
, and
SCN5A
), a controversial monogenic SCD gene (
KCNE1
), and novel genes (
PAM
and
MFGE8
) involved in cardiac conduction. Loss-of-function and pathogenic
SCN5A
variants, carried by 0.1% of individuals, were associated with a nearly 6-fold increased odds of the first-degree atrioventricular block (
P
=8.4×10
−5
). Similar variants in
KCNQ1
and
KCNH2
(0.2% of individuals) were associated with a 23-fold increased odds of marked corrected QT interval prolongation (
P
=4×10
−25
), a marker of SCD risk. Incomplete penetrance of such deleterious variation was common as over 70% of carriers had normal electrocardiographic intervals.

Conclusions:

Our findings indicate that large-scale high-depth sequence data and electrocardiographic analysis identifies monogenic arrhythmia susceptibility genes and rare variants with large effects. Known pathogenic variation in conventional arrhythmia and SCD genes exhibited incomplete penetrance and accounted for only a small fraction of marked electrocardiographic interval prolongation.
National Trends in Heart Donor Usage Rates: Are We Efficiently Transplanting More Hearts?
Authors: Dharmavaram Naga , Hess Timothy , Jaeger Heather , Smith Jason , Hermsen Joshua , Murray David , Dhingra Ravi
Published: July 2021

Background

It is unclear whether the recent increase in the number of heart transplants performed annually in the United States is only because of higher availability of donors and if it affected recipients’ survival.

Methods and Results

We examined characteristics of donors and recipients from 2008 to 2012 (n=11 654) and 2013 to 2017 (n=14 556) and compared them with 2003 to 2007 (n=10 869). Cox models examined 30‐day and 1‐year risk of recipients’ death post transplant. From 2013 to 2017, there was an increase in the number of transplanted hearts and number of donor offers but an overall decline in the ratio of hearts transplanted to available donors. Donors between 2013 and 2017 were older, heavier, more hypertensive, diabetic, and likely to have abused illicit drugs compared with previous years. Drug overdose and hepatitis C positive donors were additional contributors to donor risk in recent years. In Cox models, risk of death post transplant between 2013 and 2017 was 15% lower at 30 days (hazard ratio [HR] 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74–0.98) and 21% lower at 1 year (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.73–0.87) and between 2008 and 2012 was 9% lower at 30 days (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.79–1.05) and 14% lower at 1 year (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79–0.94) compared with 2003 to 2007.

Conclusions

Despite a substantial increase in heart donor offers in recent years, the ratio of transplants performed to available donors has decreased. Even though hearts from donors who are older, more hypertensive, and have diabetes mellitus are being used, overall recipient survival continues to improve. Broader acceptance of drug overdose and hepatitis C positive donors may increase the number and percentage of heart transplants further without jeopardizing short‐term outcomes.
Trends in Use of Cardioprotective Medication in Peripheral Artery Disease: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Kamil Sadaf , Sehested Thomas S. G. , Houlind Kim , Lassen Jens F. , Gislason Gunnar H. , Dominguez Helena
Published: July 2021

Background

Guideline‐based cardioprotective medical therapy is intended to reduce the burden of adverse cardiovascular and limb outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, contemporary data describing trends in use of medication remains limited. The present study, therefore, aims to investigate changes in use of cardioprotective medication in PAD.

Methods and Results

By using Danish national healthcare registries, we identified all patients with first‐time diagnosis of PAD (1997–2016) and classified them into two groups: (1) PAD+ that includes all patients with PAD with a history of cardiovascular disease, ie, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and stroke (n=162 627); and (2) PAD (n=87 935) that comprise patients without a history of cardiovascular disease. We determined the use of medication in the first 12 months after the incident diagnosis of PAD and estimated age standardized 1‐year mortality rates. Our results showed increase in use of cardioprotective medication throughout the study period in both groups. However, PAD+ had a higher use of medication (acetylsalicylic acid, 3.5%–48.4%; Clopidogrel, 0%–17.6%; vitamin K antagonists, 0.9%–7.8%; new oral anticoagulants, 0.0%–10.1%; Statins, 1.9%–58.1%; angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors, 1.2%–20.6%), compared with PAD (acetylsalicylic acid, 2.9%–54.4%; Clopidogrel, 0%–11.9%; vitamin K antagonists, 0.9%–2.4%; new oral anticoagulants, 0.0%–3.4%; Statins, 1.5%–56.9%; angiotensin‐converting enzyme, 0.9%–17.2%), respectively. Furthermore, 1‐year mortality rates in PAD declined with increased use of medications during study.

Conclusions

In this nationwide study, use of cardioprotective medication increased considerably with time, but compared to patients with other atherosclerotic diseases, there remains an underuse of guideline‐based medical therapy in patients with PAD.