bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Особливості перебігу дипілідіозу в собак залежно від показників інтенсивності інвазії
Authors: Нікітан А. Д. , Мельничук В. В.
Published: July 2024

Дипілідіоз – поширене захворювання серед свійських собак та котів, викликане цестодою Dipylidium caninum (Linnaeus, 1758). Інвазування тварин відбувається аліментарним шляхом – при проковтуванні дорослих бліх або волосоїдів, які містять цистицеркоїдну стадію паразита. Подальший розвиток гельмінта відбувається у тонкому відділі кишківника тварини, де збудник розвивається до імагінальної стадії. Від моменту потрапляння в організм тварини і до формування статевозрілої стадії цестоди чинять негативний вплив на хазяїна, в якому живуть й розвиваються. Клінічні ознаки хвороби, зазвичай, є нехарактерними, а їх вираженість може залежати від багатьох факторів, одним з яких є інтенсивність інвазії. Тому метою нашої роботи було визначити клінічні ознаки за дипілідіозу у собак з урахуванням показників інтенсивності інвазії. Роботу щодо визначення клінічних ознак у собак за різного ступеня дипілідіозної інвазії виконували в умовах ветеринарної клініки «Айболить» (м. Полтава) та лабораторії паразитології Полтавського державного аграрного університету. Для досліду було сформовано 3 групи собак, спонтанно інвазованих збудником дипілідіозу, з різним ступенем інтенсивності інвазії. Перша група – тварини з низькою інтенсивністю інвазії (до 2 коконів в 1 г фекалій), друга – тварини з середньою інтенсивністю інвазії (від 3 до 7 коконів в 1 г фекалій), третя – тварини з високою інтенсивністю інвазії (від 8 коконів у 1 г фекалій). Дослідженнями встановлено, що ступінь інтенсивності дипілідіозної інвазії прямопропорційно впливав на прояв клінічних ознак. Визначено, що за низької інтенсивності інвазії у більшості випадків перебіг хвороби був безсимптомним, і лише у окремих собак спостерігали зниження апетиту (25 % випадків), а також ознаки гіподинамії та анемічність видимих слизових оболонок (12,5 % випадків). За середнього ступеня інтенсивності дипілідіозної інвазії найбільш характерними та вираженими клінічними ознаками у собак були: зниження апетиту, гіподинамія, діарея та тахіпное (від 40 до 50 % випадків); блювота та анемічність видимих слизових оболонок (у 30 % випадків). За високого ступеня інтенсивності дипілідіозної інвазії у собак були зафіксовані клінічні ознаки, що свідчили про глибокі та складні патологічні зміни в організмі. Характерними клінічними ознаками були: зниження апетиту, гіподинамія, блювота та діарея (100 % випадків); тахікардія і аритмія, тахіпное, а також анорексія (83,3 % випадків); анемічність видимих слизових оболонок, свербіж, поява алопецій на шкірі, кахексія, ціаноз видимих слизових оболонок та судоми (від 50 до 66,6 % випадків).
Replication of a study from “The illusion of moral decline” (Nature | Mastroianni & Gilbert 2023)
Authors: Handley-Miner Isaac J
Published: July 2024

We ran a replication of Study 5b from this paper. This study tested whether people believe that morality is declining over time. The paper noted that people encounter disproportionately negative information about current-day people (e.g., via the media) and people often have weaker emotional responses to negative events from the past. As such, the authors hypothesized that participants would think people are less moral today than people used to be, but that this perception of moral decline would diminish when comparing timepoints before participants were born. To test these hypotheses, the study asked each participant to rate how “kind, honest, nice, and good” they thought people are today and were at four previous timepoints corresponding, approximately, to when participants were 20 years old, when they were born, 20 years before they were born, and 40 years before they were born.The results from the original study confirmed the authors’ predictions: Participants perceived moral decline during their lifetime, but there was no evidence of perceived moral decline for the time periods before participants were born. Our replication found the same pattern of results.The study received a transparency rating of 4.25 stars because its materials, data, and code were publicly available, but it was not pre-registered. The paper received a replicability rating of 5 stars because all of its primary findings replicated. The study received a clarity rating of 5 stars because the claims were well-calibrated to the study design and statistical results.
When Does Positive Feedback Undermine Performance? Introducing the Decoupling Hypothesis
Authors: Jostmann Nils , Brummelman Eddie
Published: July 2024

Positive feedback is often given in an attempt to boost people’s performance. In many cases, however, positive feedback undermines performance. Why? A common explanation is recipients interpret positive feedback as evidence that they are making more progress toward their goal than expected, leading them to coast. Here, we propose an alternative explanation: Receiving positive feedback is a pleasurable experience that decouples the grip of attention from the task, which undermines performance. If so, performance drops after positive feedback could be prevented by delaying the positive feedback until individuals have started preparing for their next task. Doing so may even be transform the positive feedback into a motivational reward that allows individuals to utilize the rewarding experience of receiving positive feedback to energize their on-task behavior, thereby improving performance. We tested the decoupling hypothesis in three well-powered experiments (total N = 395), including a preregistered replication. Across experiments, we found that when positive feedback was delivered before participants started preparing for their next task, it impaired subsequent performance. Supporting the decouplinghypothesis, when positive feedback was delivered after participants started preparing for their next task, it did not impair subsequent performance; in fact, it boosted performance. These findings shed new light on the cognitive-affective mechanisms that underlie performance drops after positive feedback and identify unique ways to alleviate them. Also, the findings show that individuals do not invariably coast after positive feedback. This has broad implications for motivation theory and feedback interventions.
Navigating Anchor Relevance Skillfully: Expertise Reduces Susceptibility to Anchoring Effects
Authors: Mayer Maren , Rebholz Tobias R.
Published: July 2024

50 years ago Tversky and Kahneman (1974) described anchoring as the phenomenon whereby an irrelevant numerical value influences a subsequent numerical judgment. Although expertise strongly influences the accuracy of judgments, its role in anchoring is still unclear with findings of reduced, similar, and stronger anchoring in experts compared to novices. Moreover, three prominent theories of anchoring, i.e., the Insufficient Adjustment Model, the Selective Accessibility Model, and the Scale Distortion Theory, make different predictions regarding the influence of expertise on anchoring. To address this inconsistency and to test these theories of anchoring against each other, we manipulate individuals' expertise prior to a perceptual estimation task. Additionally, we manipulate anchor relevance and anchor extremity. In two preregistered experiments, we find that experts do indeed show less anchoring compared to novices, and that more extreme anchors lead to stronger anchoring effects. However, we do not find an effect of anchor relevance in either experiment. These results add to the growing body of literature showing that expertise reduces anchoring effects. Morevoer, although no anchoring theory is clearly supported in the experiments, the results are mostly consistent with the Insufficient Adjustment Model assuming ranges of plausible values and the Scale Distortion Theory. Our findings highlight the importance of expertise in judgments in general and anchoring in particular. Thus, theories of anchoring should take expertise into account as a strong inhibitor of anchoring effects.
Identifying Flawed Reasoning in Contrarian Claims about Climate Change
Authors: Cook John
Published: July 2024

While climate change grows as an environmental and societal emergency, misinformation about climate change continues to hinder necessary action and democratic decision-making. An important step towards neutralizing climate misinformation is identifying the rhetorical techniques and logical fallacies used to distort climate science and confuse the public. We expand on previous critical thinking research, developing a detailed methodology for deconstructing and analyzing real-world misinformation. We apply our extended methodology to a comprehensive taxonomy of climate contrarian claims, finding reasoning fallacies in all the analyzed claims. The most common fallacies were slothful induction, cherry picking, and oversimplification. Contrarian claims regarding climate solutions, while more nuanced than explicit science denial, are still rife with misleading fallacies. 91% of the claims contained unstated assumptions that contained reasoning fallacies, underscoring the difficulties of conventional fact-checking. The ubiquity and complexity of misinformation in online spaces and public discussion necessitates holistic, interdisciplinary solutions that can be scaled up to meet the immensity of the problem. This research is an example of such an interdisciplinary approach, building on existing natural language processing research with critical thinking, climate science, and climate solutions scholarship. Our results are presented as a resource for countering contrarian claims, particularly useful in automated applications that detect and fact-check online climate misinformation in real time.
"I Can See Clearly Now” On the time varying associations between self-concept clarity and music preferences across adolescence into young adulthood
Authors: Becht Andrik , Bogt Tom ter
Published: July 2024

This longitudinal study explored the connections between Self-Concept Clarity (SCC) and music preferences across early adolescence into young adulthood. Six times, N = 900 Dutch adolescents and young adults (Mage T1 = 12.48 years, 51% females) completed a survey assessing SCC and their music preferences, categorized into mainstream music (including Pop, Hip-hop, Popular Rock, and Dance/Trance) and non-mainstream music (Heavy Metal, Goth, and Hardstyle dance). Latent Growth Curve analyses with SCC as time varying covariates confirmed that there was no systematic association between SCC and preferences for Pop, Hip-hop, and Dance/Trance in mid- to late adolescence, but that this relationship became mostly positive in young adulthood. SCC was negatively associated with a preference for another type of mainstream music: Popular Rock. As predicted, adolescents and young adults with low SCC preferred thematically complex, non-mainstream genres such as Heavy Metal and Goth, or music that is linked to a non-mainstream subculture: Hardstyle dance. Lower SCC levels remained linked to higher preferences for Goth and Heavy Metal music even into young adulthood. This suggests that Goth and Heavy Metal continue to hold significant importance for young people who struggle with clarifying their identity.
Representation, experiences, and insights from racial, ethnic minority and indigenous mental health clinicians: A scoping review of the literature (1956-2019)
Authors: Chang Doris F , Blocker Megan , Omidi Maryam , Rodriguez Reagan , Dunn Jordan J
Published: July 2024

The global export of Western psychology combined with legacies of White supremacy and colonialism have marginalized racial and ethnic minority and indigenous (REMI) mental health providers, to the detriment of the field. We conducted a scoping review to 1) examine the representation of REMI mental health professionals in the published English-language literature through 2019, and 2) provide a narrative review of their training and practice experiences, needs and insights regarding mental health services. We searched PsycINFO-OVID, Medline-PubMed, and CINAHL-EBSCO databases for English-language records through 2019 related to REMI mental health professionals across disciplines. Characteristics of the provider (ethnoracial identity, discipline, country of practice) and the research report (type, method, outlet) were analyzed. Moreover, we conducted a narrative review of key themes and trends by decade. Only 860 reports met inclusion criteria over more than six decades. Most were conducted in the U.S., and the representation of Black, Asian, and Latinx providers mirrored growth in the U.S. population over time. However, indigenous clinicians and those of Arab, Middle Eastern or North African heritage were highly underrepresented. Challenges faced by REMI clinicians– structural racism, race-related stress, cultural conflicts, and pressures to assimilate to Western values– produced a sense of internalized inferiority and cultural dislocation from the healing wisdom of the Global Majority. We recommend that critical consciousness and a global competence perspective guide curricular changes to meet the education and training needs of REMI clinicians in a globalizing world.
For whom neighborhoods matter: Heterogeneous effects of socioeconomic neighborhood composition on child achievement
Authors: Borgen Nicolai T. , Zachrisson Henrik Daae , Lyngstad Torkild Hovde , Cheesman Rosa , Ystrom Eivind
Published: July 2024

The role of neighborhoods in shaping child and adolescent development is well-documented in empirical research. However, the extent to which neighborhood conditions differentially affect individuals based on their background and individual characteristics remains less explored. This paper investigates the heterogeneous effects of neighborhood socioeconomic composition by combining Norwegian administrative data with genetic data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Employing the Neighborhood Choice Model to address selection bias, we find that exposure to neighborhood disadvantage during a child's first ten years impacts 5th-grade standardized test scores. Furthermore, we find that the effects of neighborhoods vary considerably by socioeconomic background, gender, and children’s load for genetic variants correlated with educational attainment. Notably, boys, children with a lower polygenic index for educational attainment, and those from families with lower incomes and parental education levels face the strongest neighborhood effects. Conversely, children with a higher polygenic index for education are unaffected by neighborhood disadvantage, as are children with affluent parents. These findings highlight the importance of studying heterogeneous neighborhood effects.
Performance measurement of organic tea supply chain with supply chain operation references (Case study of active tegal subur farmer group, Kulon Progo)
Authors: Soejanto Irwan , Pratama Ferdiansyah Aji , Nursubiyantoro Eko
Published: July 2024

Tegal Subur Aktif Farmer Group is one of the organic tea producers located in Menoreh Hills, precisely in Nglinggo, Pagerharjo, Samigaluh, Kulon Progo. The efforts carried out by this farmer group include the procurement of tea ingredients, the provision of production facilities, the cultivation and maintenance of tea plants, the processing of agricultural products and trade in general. Processed organic tea products, such as green, black, yellow, and roasted, are produced.   Farmer groups have uncertain orders that can only be fulfilled partially, which can still affect customer satisfaction. In total, there are 95.39% of uncertain orders that can be fulfilled in the period August 2021 – March 2022. This is related to production planning with actual production caused by uncertain or regular supply of raw materials. If the collection of raw material supply is still carried out, it causes cost losses in collecting raw materials. The Tegal Subur Aktif Farmer Group has never measured its supply chain performance. If measurement is not carried out, supply chain performance may develop slowly. This study aims to measure the organic tea supply chain's performance and determine which indicators need improvement. This research uses the Supply Chain Operation References (SCOR) and Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods. Based on the data processing carried out, by measuring supply chain performance with Supply Chain Operation References (SCOR) and Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP), the supply chain performance of the Active Tegal Subur Farmer Group can be improved.
Critical factors of green supply chain management on SMEs business performance Indonesia
Authors: Dewa Parama Kartika
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has altered lifestyle and sparked a greater interest in GSCM. This study logically contributes to the branch of knowledge by demonstrating how resource-based attributes and integration can improve SME business performance while concurrently facilitating the successful transition from traditional to green supply chains. This study focused on batik SMEs that make their products using natural resources. The goal is to analyze SME performance models that affect GSCM, owner commitment, and supply chain connectivity. The data analyzed were gathered from a total of 163 experienced SME managers in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. PLS-SEM is the data analysis method used. The results validate that SME business performance is positively impacted by OC, SCC, and GSCM. The function of OC and SCC in SME business performance can also be mediated by GSCM.
Changes in Coastal Landforms from the Poonaryn Peninsula to the Malwathu Oya (Aruvi Aru) Estuary, Northwestern Coastal Zone (NWCZ) of Sri Lanka
Authors: Katupotha K. N. J. , Gamage S. G.
Published: July 2024

Changing coastal landforms are constantly occurring due to wind, waves, sea currents, tidal fluctuations, and human interference. This paper makes a special effort to ensure the correct usage, management and utilization of these landforms, which will benefit society through economic growth. A variety of peculiar coastal landforms have formed between the Poonaryn Peninsula (9°36'10.23"N, 80°03'16.74"E) and Malwathu Oya (Aruvi Aru) estuary (8°46'30.22"N and 79°56'12.85"E), which are approximately 120 km long coastal stretch. The Poonaryn Peninsula extends from Pallikuda Beach to Kalladi Yutha Kovil (9°35'53"N, 80°3'10"E). The peninsula stretches northwest to southeast, covering dunes with a maximum elevation of 17 meters. The selected study location is favourable for the coastal environment, and the coastal environment can be defined as the area lying at the interface between land and Mannar Bay, Palk Bay and a part of the Jaffna Lagoon. This area includes non-barrier delta estuaries with seasonal rivers and bar-built perennial delta estuaries. The zone of shallow water within which waves can move sediment and the area landward of this zone, including beaches, low coastal dunes and vegetation cover, are affected to some degree by the direct or indirect effects of waves, tides, winds and currents. The coastal environment itself may extend inland for many meters or kilometers. These processes make it possible to identify several coastal habitats, such as mangroves, salt marshes, covered and covered dunes, beaches, barrier beaches and spits. Lagoons, riverine estuaries, brackish water bodies, water holes, and marshes. When considering biodiversity, local and migratory avifauna, beach mangroves, seagrass beds, tidal creek system are very important for tourist attraction. Additionally, fishery harbours, boat landing sites, traditional fisheries (beach seines, koodo fishing), etc., and tourism were established in the northwestern coastal stretch owing to enticing coastal processes and landforms in the area for correct usage, management and utilization for enormous benefits of the fishing society, the environment and the economy.
THE CHANGES IN ENSURING THE MILITARY SECURITY ACTIONS
Authors: Boldbaatar Zagdsuren
Published: July 2024

The security and military-strategy landscape of countries worldwide is undergoing significant changes. Following these changes, traditional hard power policies have evolved in terms of content and manifestation, giving rise to the concept of a "New cold war." This new approach utilizes information technology, economic actions, and political pressure methods and tactics, significantly decreasing the budget and costs associated with traditional warfare.
The new Cold War approach emphasizes the use of new technologies, information space, and political and economic actions. As global defense costs rise, the strategy's content and objectives are constantly evolving. The traditional hard power policy has evolved into a new Cold War.
This article will specifically consider the new trends in the changes in military affairs and I will provide my opinion and conclusions. The initial phase of the emerging Cold War is primarily unfolding in the realm of information in cyberspace. It focused on strategically targeting social and political arenas with goal of the weakening the societal and economic structures.
The countries around the world view basis of the potential threats as information warfare, psychological operations, economic coercion, internal governance challenges, transnational criminal organizations, and environmental degradation influenced by external factors.
In this reason, the military strategy and security policy will prioritize anticipating and preventing risks. The science of security has evolved to focus on potential challenges and risks, regulating development policies to ensure existence. Due to these evolving factors, the field of security has transformed into a science of Security of existence, with a greater emphasis on anticipating challenges and risks and shaping development policies.
THE METHODS OF THE SORBED QUANTITY OF THE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS AND POLYMERS LIQUID AREAS
Authors: Slavinska Olena , Usychenko Olena , Zelenskyi Bohdan
Published: July 2024

The article presents the application of a method for assessing the qualitative state of bridges based on the use of qualimetry methods. The proposed approach considers a wide range of parameters that affect the functioning and reliability of road bridges. The method involves the use of a qualimetric model that allows systematizing and structuring of information about the physical condition of individual bridge elements and functional indicators. The weighting of the parameters was determined using expert and estimated methods, which increased the accuracy and objectivity of the assessment. The development of a qualitative condition model includes the following stages: identification of bridge elements, determination of assessment parameters, development of a qualimetric model, determination of weighting coefficients for each criterion, analysis of the results of a specific object inspection, and determination of the overall operational condition of the bridge. The results of the study show that the proposed methodology can be effectively used to assess the condition of bridges, providing a sufficiently high accuracy and completeness of the assessment. This contributes to improving the safety and reliability of bridge structures, reducing accidents and optimizing their maintenance costs. The proposed assessment method has prospects for implementation in the practice of bridge condition management and can be further applied in the system of monitoring the condition of transport facilities.
Офис-менеджер: планирование карьеры
Authors: Абдокова Л.З.
Published: July 2024

В учебно-методическом пособии рассмотрены возможности и условия организации работы офис-менеджера. Предъявляемые к нему должностные требования, построение и направления развития карьеры. Особое внимание уделено вопросам имиджа менеджера, его этике и культуре. Этот курс позволяет в процессе обучения получить знания и навыки, необходимые для работы на предприятиях (офисах) любой формы собственности в должности офис-менеджера, охватывает принципы и теоретические основы управления, научит устанавливать деловые отношения с партнёрами. Учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для студентов вузов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки «Менеджмент», может быть использовано студентами экономических и технических специальностей. Будет полезно профессиональным менеджерам, офис-менеджерам, консультантам по управлению.
Improving Malnutrition Screening among Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Sharma Parpia Arti , Valenzano Teresa J. , Bosma Rachael , Bavota Brianna , Deveaux Gabrielle , Wald Ron , Bradley Kimberley
Published: July 2024

Individuals receiving hemodialysis are at increased risk of malnutrition; however, regular diagnosis of malnutrition using subjective global assessment (SGA) is time-consuming. This study aimed to determine whether the Canadian Nutrition Screening Tool (CNST) or the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) screening tools could accurately identify hemodialysis patients at risk for malnutrition. A retrospective medical chart review was conducted for in-centre day shift hemodialysis patients (n = 95) to obtain the results of the SGA assessment and the CNST screener and to calculate the GNRI score. Sensitivity and specificity analyses showed only a fair agreement between the SGA and CNST (sensitivity = 20%; specificity 96%; κ = .210 (95% CI, -0.015 to .435), p < .05) and between the SGA and GNRI (sensitivity = 35%; specificity = 88%; κ = .248 (95% CI, .017 to .479), p < .05). There was no significant statistical difference between the accuracy of either tool in identifying patients at risk of malnutrition (p = .50). The CNST and GNRI do not accurately screen for risk of malnutrition in the hemodialysis population; therefore, further studies are needed to determine an effective malnutrition screening tool in this population.
Red blood cell transfusions may have the stongest analgesic effect during acute painful crises in sickle cell diseases
Authors: Rami Helvaci Mehmet
Published: July 2024

Background: The hardened red blood cells (RBC)-induced capillary endothelial damage, inflammation, edema, and fibrosis are initiated at birth, and terminate with disseminated tissue hypoxia, acute painful crises, multiorgan failures, and sudden death even at childhood in the sickle cell diseases (SCD). Methods: All cases with the SCD were included into the study. Results: We studied 222 males and 212 females with similar mean ages (30.8 vs 30.3 years, p>0.05, respectively). Disseminated teeth losses (5.4% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), ileus (7.2% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), cirrhosis (8.1% vs 1.8%, p<0.001), leg ulcers (19.8% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), digital clubbing (14.8% vs 6.6%, p<0.001), coronary heart disease (18.0% vs 13.2%, p<0.05), chronic renal disease (9.9% vs 6.1%, p<0.05), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (25.2% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), and stroke (12.1% vs 7.5%, p<0.05) were all higher but not acute chest syndrome (2.7% vs 3.7%, p>0.05) or pulmonary hypertension (12.6% vs 11.7%, p>0.05) or deep venous thrombosis and/or varices and/or telangiectasias (9.0% vs 6.6%, p>0.05) in males, significantly. Conclusion: Infections, medical or surgical emergencies, or emotional stress-induced increased basal metabolic rate aggravates the sickling and capillary endothelial inflammation and edema, and may terminate with disseminated tissue hypoxia, acute painful crises, multiorgan failures, and sudden deaths in the SCD. RBC support may have the stongest analgesic effect, and decrease the risk of multiorgan failures and sudden death by decreasing the density of causative hardened cells from the circulation during such severe crises.
Is bempedoic acid effective for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease?
Authors: Mikhail Nasser
Published: July 2024

Bempedoic acid is a cholesterol-lowering drug approved for reduction of the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary revascularization in adults who are unable to take recommended statin therapy with established cardiovascular disease (CVD), or at high risk for a CVD event but without established CVD. However, reduction of CV events by bempedoic acid in patients with documented CVD is modest and not statistically significant. The CLEAR Outcomes trial is the largest randomized trial of bempedoic acid including 13,970 patients; 70% of whom had documented CVD (secondary prevention cohort), and 30% were considered high CV risk but without established CV disease (primary prevention cohort). The primary outcome of the CLEAR OUTCOMES trial was a composite of death from CV causes, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, or coronary revascularization (MACE-4). After a median follow-up of 40.6 months, the incidence of CV event was significantly decreased in the bempedoic group versus the placebo group in the whole study population; hazard ratio (HR) 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.96; P=0.004). However, this decrease in CV events was mainly driven by the reduction of MACE-4 in the primary prevention cohort; HR 0.68 (95% CI, 0.53 to 0.87), whereas the corresponding reduction in the secondary prevention cohort was more modest; HR 0.91 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.01), Pinteraction=0.03. Results of a post-hoc analysis of the CLEAR Outcomes trial suggested possible increase in all-cause mortality; risk ratio (RR) 1.15 and CV mortality RR 1.21 in the secondary prevention patients. Conversely, in the primary prevention group, there was decrease in all-cause mortality RR 0.70 and CV mortality RR 0.58. While the investigators of the CLEAR Outcomes trial published results of the primary prevention group separately, they did not report those results in the larger secondary group despite greater number of CV events. A randomized trial evaluating bempedoic acid in patients with documented CVD is required to clarify its efficacy and safety in this group of patients. Until such trial is available, the use of bempedoic acid is not recommended for secondary prevention of CV disease.
Motivación del alumnado universitario: entre desmotivación y motivación intrínseca
Authors: Homont Louis Pierre Philippe , Alcoceba Hernando José Antonio
Published: July 2024

Introducción: En la actualidad, la motivación del estudiantado se ha convertido en un tema de preocupación del profesorado. Partiendo de la Teoría de la Autodeterminación, la presente investigación considera tres tipos de motivación: la motivación intrínseca, la motivación extrínseca y la desmotivación, y plantea (1) identificar los tipos de motivación a los que el estudiantado está más sensible y (2) conocer su evolución a lo largo del cuatrimestre. Metodología: Para ello, se sometieron dos cuestionarios al alumnado de siete asignaturas de dos universidades públicas españolas al principio y final del cuatrimestre. En total, 105 estudiantes respondieron. Resultados: La desmotivación, aunque alta, baja durante el cuatrimestre y la motivación intrínseca domina a la extrínseca. También, muchas de las personas desmotivadas acabaron intrínsecamente motivadas, mientras que este tipo de motivación se asocia a mayores niveles de motivación en general. Discusión: Los hallazgos apuntan a una reducción de la desmotivación que debe llevar a aplicar nuevos métodos de enseñanza para fomentar la motivación estudiantil, como la realización de trabajos grupales o un feedback recurrente sobre los avances del estudiantado. Conclusiones: Aparece necesario el uso de métodos cualitativos que permitan tener conocimiento en profundidad de la motivación estudiantil.
Política turística e imagen de marca internacional de excelencia: El producto turístico del parque nacional marítimo-terrestre de las islas atlánticas de Galicia
Authors: Diaz Fernandez Jose Antonio
Published: July 2024

Introducción: El Parque Nacional Marítimo-Terrestre de las Islas Atlánticas de Galicia fue creado por la Ley 15/2002, de 1 de Julio, y es el segundo parque nacional español en alcanzar la protección del medio natural marítimo y terrestre en la Península Ibérica. Objetivo: realizar un análisis geográfico de la evolución geomorfológica y bioclimática del Parque Nacional Marítimo-Terrestre de las Islas Atlánticas de Galicia. Metodología: El estudio del Parque Nacional Marítimo-Terrestre de las Islas Atlánticas se ha efectuado manejando valores cuantitativos e información cualitativa sobre el espacio natural. Se ha realizado un trabajo de campo sobre las islas del Parque Nacional para examinar las colonias de aves marinas y sus tipos de especie. Resultados: Las potencialidades del Parque Nacional Marítimo-Terrestre son de primer nivel. En este espacio natural protegido podemos apreciar la formación de rocas más antiguas de Europa (era precámbrica y período paleozoico), su geomorfología, la dinámica costera y la fauna y flora marítima y terrestre que reside en el Parque Nacional. Conclusiones: La geomorfología de esta singular área costera de Galicia se centra en la incidencia de la dinámica mareal; los efectos eólicos sobre la dinámica de áridos, las aportaciones de áridos procedentes del medio fluvial y, por último, la acción antrópica sobre este entorno geográfico, afectando mucho a las formaciones vegetales, las aves marinas y las formaciones dunares.
The impact of tourist experience and satisfaction on revisit intention on the example of Polish tourists in Croatia
Authors: Wiskulski Tomasz
Published: July 2024

Motives: To enhance the management of tourism destinations and foster lasting relationships between destinations and tourists, the components contributing to tourist satisfaction should be comprehensively analyzed across diverse social groups. Aim: It was assumed that the satisfaction derived from a tour affects tourists’ intention to revisit a given destination. The main goal of the study was to examine the factors that shape satisfaction and to identify the most significant factors across various tourist groups. Results: The study involved a survey of 822 Polish tourists visiting Croatia. Based on the results of the cluster analysis, the respondents were divided into three groups according to their opinions on the attributes of Croatia. The variables affecting revisit intention were analyzed with the use of a logistic regression model of the entire sample, taking into account the three clusters. The analysis revealed that high levels of customer satisfaction had a positive influence on revisit intention in the entire sample. The study also demonstrated that the number of visits to Croatia was the least important factor.
Macrofungi diversity in a tropical wet evergreen forest of Eastern Himalayan foothills: A case study of Dihing Patkai National Park, Assam, India
Authors: Gogoi Girish , J. Das Dhruba , Kumar Rajesh , Medhi Abhijit
Published: July 2024

Dihing Patkai National Park (DPNP) is situated in the Tinsukia and Dibrugarh districts of Assam, India. The forest type of the park is Assam Valley Tropical Wet Evergreen Forest (category 1B/C1). In order to explore the fungal diversity, different randomly selected belt transects of size 0.1 ha were laid in the park. Overall, 159 species of macrofungi representing 81 genera, 43 families, 14 orders, 5 classes, and 2 phyla under the kingdom fungi have been recorded from the Park. Maximum species were found in the family Polyporaceae (34 spp.) followed by Mycenaceae (14 spp.), Omphalotaceae (11 spp.), Marasmiaceae (14 spp.), Russulaceae (10 spp.), Tricholomataceae, Hymenochaetaceae, Amanitaceae, Agaricaceae, Xylariaceae (5 spp. each) and so on. The values of the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, Simpson diversity index, and Brillouin’s index were found to be 3.54, 0.94, and 3.49 respectively, which means the level of diversity of macrofungi was in the higher category. The evenness index was found to be 0.22 or only 22% of species were common or shared among plots within the DPNP. The four diversity indices proved that the DPNP has high species diversity and a healthy forest ecosystem. Maximum species of macrofungi (22%) were found associated with Dipterocarpus retusus followed by Castanopsis indica (13%), Shorea assamica (11%), Vatica lanceaefolia (9%), Mesua ferrea (8%), and the rest of macrofungal species associated with the plant species ranged from 5% to 1%. The present study is an attempt to document the fungal diversity in the tropical wet evergreen forest of the Eastern Himalayan foothills that will be helpful to the scientific community for further study.
Studies on morphometric traits and effect of presowing treatments in seeds of Mimusops elengi L.
Authors: Nikhil K. S. , Gowda K. S. Venugopala , Sathish B. N. , Upadhya Vinayak , Ashwath M. N.
Published: July 2024

Mimusops elengi L., (bullet wood) belongs to the family Sapotaceae and is a native tree species of Western Ghats, India. It is well known for its fruit, and fodder and is grown as an ornamental tree. Various parts of the tree are utilized in traditional medicinal practices. In this species, seed germination is rather difficult without pre-seed treatment. Hence, the present study was taken up to analyze the seed morphometric traits namely, seed length, seed width, and seed weight, and also to find the effect of different pre-sowing treatments on seed germination by following standard procedures. The study was conducted at the College of Forestry, Ponnampet, Kodagu district, Karnataka. The average length, width, and thickness of the seeds were 18.09 mm, 12.02 mm, and 6.33 mm, respectively. The maximum seed germination was observed in cold water treatment for 24 hours (34.44%) followed by GA3 500 ppm (30%) and the minimum was observed in hot water treatment (1.1%). Although the germination was poor in this species, treating the seeds of Mimusops elangi with cold water for a day increases the germination by 34.4 percent.
Disorders of forestomach in large ruminants: A review
Authors: Mandawat Saksham , Singh Rashmi , Galav Vikas , Kilaka Sharda , Choudhary Akanksha , Sewag Anita
Published: July 2024

In countries like India where growth of human population is a major problem, livestock products are major source of nutrition to fulfil the demands of this large growing population. Disorder affecting the forestomach of large ruminants pose a significant challenge to livestock productivity. This review presents important findings on understanding ruminal disorder, diagnostic techniques and their treatment of common clinical conditions like ruminal acidosis, bloat, ruminal impaction, reticulo-peritonitis, and predisposing factors such as nutrition, management practices and environmental factors have been explained. The currently available diagnostic techniques, advanced imaging laboratory techniques, their timely assessment have been discussed in detail. The diagnosis of the disorders through various diagnostic methods and subsequent treatment methods, dietary adjustments and precautions to be taken to protect the livestock from the effects of these disorders have been described. Animal welfare requires the availability of animal nutrition for clinical solution to diseases and a holistic approach towards treatment of disease.
Craniological and Dental Non-Metric Data on the Origin of the Early Iron Age Gorokhovo Culture Population
Authors: Bagashev Anatoly N. ,   Association ", Sleptsova Anastasiia V. ,   Center for Ethnoecological and Technological Research of Siberia",   (Tyumen, Russian Federation),   Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences ( Tyumen, Russian Federation)
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the research of craniological and dental non-metric data from Sargat and Gorokhovo burials. Gorokhovo Culture groups were located in the Upper and Middle Iset and Middle Tobol River regions in 6th–3rd cc BC. The research examines the anthropological uniqueness of the population of the Gorokhovo Culture and the racial and genetic processes that occurred in the forest-steppe territory in the south of Western Siberia in the Early Iron Age. It was established that the sample of the Gorokhovo Culture can be classified as Caucasian populations with a small Mongoloid admixture. Two Caucasian combinations of characteristics have been identified. The morphotype with a narrower and higher face profiled horizontally, a higher nose bridge and a larger angle of protrusion of the nasal bones in retrospect may be associated with groups of Andronovo-Alakul people; later this complex was represented as part of the Sauromatian-Sarmatian population of the European part of Russia. Found in the West Siberian Gorokhovo population it may be due to migration influence. Another Caucasoid component with a lower and wider slightly flattened facial skeleton, a less protruding nose and bridge of the nose is in many ways similar to the morphotype of the AndronovoFedorovo, and the later Sargat population. In this case we can talk about the autochthony origin. Dental nonmetric data organically complements the current results. Dental non-metric traits results demonstrates that the basis of the anthropological composition of the Gorokhovo population was the Andronovo component of South Ural origin. The population of the Sargat culture and the Gorokhovo groups who lived at the same time in the Tobol River Region in the 5th–3rd cc BC differ significantly. However, close population ties between the Sargat and Gorokhovo and their contacts with the Sarmatians contributed to the convergence of their anthropological structure.
Financial Performance Analysis Using Vertical-Horizontal Method at PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (Period 2018-2020)
Authors: Melly Ratnah Dyah  , Musa Muh. Ichwan , Nurman Nurman
Published: July 2024

Financial performance describes the financial condition of a company in a certain period. This study aims to determine and analyze the financial performance of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk using financial statement analysis using the vertical-horizontal method. The population in this study is the financial statements of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk for the 2018-2020 period. The sample used in this study is the financial statements of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk for the 2018-2020 period. Financial performance of PT. The results of research using the vertical method show that the financial performance of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk is optimal. This can be seen from total assets that are greater than total liabilities. This indicates that the company is able to fulfill its obligations with the assets owned by the company. The results of research using the horizontal method show that the financial performance of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk is optimal. Judging from the balance sheet index and income statement, it is optimal, while the cash flow statement shows that it is not optimal.
Digital Marketing Competency Analysis On MSME Sales Of Indigenous Papuans In Southwest Papua
Authors: Maryen Andrei , Clan Edward , Patiasina Rendi
Published: July 2024

The utilization of digital marketing platforms represents a crucial potential for the growth of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in facing an increasingly competitive market. Digital marketing entails marketing or promoting a brand or product through the digital or internet sphere. The extensive user base on the internet presents an opportunity to boost sales. However, many challenges confront business practitioners in adapting to technology, such as managing social media. These challenges are encountered by numerous Indigenous Papuan MSMEs in Southwest Papua, primarily due to limited competency in leveraging digital marketing to enhance sales. The research aims to identify the extent to which digital marketing competency influences the sales performance of Indigenous Papuan MSMEs in Southwest Papua. The findings indicate that MSMEs among the Indigenous Papuans in Southwest Papua have yet to achieve a significant level of digital marketing competency. Insufficient understanding and implementation of digital marketing strategies, such as SEO utilization, content analysis, and strong presence in social media, remain primary challenges. This underscores the necessity for further development efforts and education to strengthen digital marketing competency among Indigenous Papuan MSMEs, aiming to maximize their business potential. Furthermore, the relationship between competency and sales reveals suboptimality; a clear correlation exists between the level of digital marketing competency and the sales of Indigenous Papuan MSMEs in the Southwest Province of West Papua. Enhanced implementation of digital marketing strategies can positively influence the sales of these MSMEs, emphasizing the importance of enhancing digital marketing competency as a critical factor in supporting the growth and success of sales among Indigenous Papuan MSMEs in Southwest Papua.
Abnormal Comparison Analysis of Return and Trading Volume Activity Before and After The Announcement of The Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: Marsuni Nur Sandi , Arum Ruki Ambar , Mariana Lina , Nersiyanti Nersiyanti
Published: July 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has been a significant turning point in global history, not only from a public health perspective but also in the context of its impact on economic stability, including capital markets. This research aims to analyze the reaction of the Indonesian capital market to the first case of Covid-19 by focusing on two indicators, namely Abnormal Return (AR) and Trading Volume Activity (TVA). Observations were carried out seven days before and seven days after the first announcement of Covid-19 in Indonesia. The research population includes Financial sector companies listed in February and March 2020 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The purposive sampling method was used to select 30 financial companies that met certain criteria. A quantitative approach and comparative method were used in this research, tested using the Wilcoxon Signes Rank Test. The research results show significant differences in AR before and after the announcement of the Covid-19 pandemic. The increase in Abnormal Returns after the announcement indicates that investors tend to trust companies that already have a record of returns or profits before the event, rather than having to rely on predictions of future profits. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test results also revealed significant differences in Trading Volume Activity before and after the Covid announcement, indicating changes in trading activity in the capital market. This research provides insight into how the Indonesian capital market responds to health crisis events such as Covid-19, and can serve as a basis for further understanding of economic and financial dynamics in facing similar challenges.