bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation on Cracking Characteristics of Dry and Saturated Shales in Nitrogen Fracturing after Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) Injection
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wu Yu , Vadimovna Savenok Olga , Yin Jiadi , Geng Haozhe , Li Decheng
Published: April 2023

Cryogenic LN2 fracturing is one of the environmentally friendly waterless fracturing technologies that promote the fracture complexity of shale gas reservoir. The water-ice phase transition under freezing condition causes frost heave in saturated shale. The effect of moisture in shale should be taken into account during cryogenic damage process. Therefore, the differences of cracking characteristics between dry and saturated shales were studied in this paper. A laboratory triaxial and high temperature fracturing system was developed for nitrogen fracturing dry and saturated shale after LN2 injection. The influence of moisture on breakdown pressure was studied under different confining pressures (3 MPa, 6 MPa, 9 MPa, and 12 MPa) and bedding directions (parallel bedding and vertical bedding). The experimental results demonstrated that when the confining pressure increased from 3 MPa to 12 MPa, the breakdown pressure of dry parallel bedding after LN2 preconditioning decreased 7.12 MPa, 6.06 MPa, 4.58 MPa, and 3.11 MPa, respectively. Therefore, LN2 preconditioning could damage shale resulting in a lower breakdown pressure, but the effect of cryogenic damage decreased with the confining pressure increasing. The moisture in shale had little impact on nitrogen fracturing without LN2 injection because the breakdown pressure difference between dry and saturated shales was small. However, the breakdown pressure of saturated shale after LN2 preconditioning was always lower than that of dry shale. The breakdown pressure of saturated parallel bedding shale after LN2 injection decreased 8.62 MPa, 7.67 MPa, 6.08 MPa, and 4.63 MPa, respectively, with the confining pressure increasing from 3 MPa to 12 MPa. The breakdown pressure difference between dry and saturated shales was impacted by the migration of unfrozen water and frost heave. In addition, the extent of cryogenic damage varied substantially between different bedding directions. When the confining pressure was 3 MPa, the breakdown pressure of saturated parallel bedding shale reduced by 69.18% after LN2 preconditioning, but that of saturated vertical bedding shale only decreased by 22.49%. The tensile strength of shale had a greater influence on the breakdown pressure. According to the Brazilian disc test results, the tensile strength of matrix was much higher than that of bedding planes. As a result, it is useful to wet the shale in order to reduce the breakdown pressure. The fracturing direction of horizontal drilling should be consistent with the bedding direction for better cryogenic fracturing effect.
Abstract CT056: A multicenter, open-label phase 1/2 trial evaluating the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of MORAb-202, a folate-receptor-alpha-targeting antibody-drug conjugate in patients with selected tumor types
Authors: Wenham Robert , Ghamande Sharad , Makker Vicky , Hou June , Duska Linda , Matei Daniela , Bhave Manali , Scott Rachael , Hawk Natalyn , Song Tingting , Armstrong Deborah K.
Published: April 2023

Background: MORAb-202 (farletuzumab ecteribulin) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of the humanized antifolate receptor-alpha (FRα) monoclonal antibody, farletuzumab, and the cytotoxic microtubule inhibitor, eribulin, conjugated by a cathepsin B-cleavable linker. MORAb-202 targets the eribulin payload to tumor cells expressing FRα, where internalization leads to lysosomal cleavage of the ADC and intracellular release of eribulin, causing apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, and bystander effects in adjacent cells. A previous phase 1 study in Japan of MORAb-202 (NCT03386942) demonstrated antitumor activity across multiple tumor types and identified interstitial lung disease (ILD) as an adverse event of interest (Shimizu CCR 2021). An expansion cohort (doses: 0.9, 1.2 mg/kg) in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (OC) found meaningful efficacy across FRα-expression levels and ILD/pneumonitis (mainly low grade) was the most common adverse event (Nishio ASCO 2022).

Methods: This multicenter phase 1/2 study (NCT04300556) consists of Dose-Escalation and Dose-Confirmation cohorts. In the Dose-Escalation phase, the primary objectives were to evaluate safety/tolerability and determine the recommended phase 2 dose of MORAb-202 in patients with OC, endometrial cancer (EC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In the ongoing Dose-Confirmation phase, the primary objectives are (1) to further evaluate safety/tolerability and (2) to evaluate preliminary efficacy (Objective Response Rate) in patients with OC or EC. Based on a population pharmacokinetics model (Hayato ASCO 2022), body-surface-area-based dosing is utilized. The initial cohort has enrolled 7 patients at a MORAb-202 25 mg/m2 IV Q3W dose and is ongoing; further enrollment of patients at 25 mg/m2 and 33 mg/m2 will occur following ILD safety evaluation. Tumor assessments will be conducted by investigators using RECIST v1.1 at screening, every 6 weeks for 24 weeks, then every 12 weeks or as needed. Assessments of computed tomography scans for ILD will be conducted by a central expert review board.

Citation Format: Robert Wenham, Sharad Ghamande, Vicky Makker, June Hou, Linda Duska, Daniela Matei, Manali Bhave, Rachael Scott, Natalyn Hawk, Tingting Song, Deborah K. Armstrong. A multicenter, open-label phase 1/2 trial evaluating the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of MORAb-202, a folate-receptor-alpha-targeting antibody-drug conjugate in patients with selected tumor types [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr CT056.
Abstract CT099: First-in-human study of ALF501, polypeptide PSMA-targeted chimeric antigen receptor engineered natural killer cells) for castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Shi Hui , Lin Yanan , Ran Jie , Jin Yan , Zhang Shengbang , Wang Qi , Zhang Huiyuan , Wu Lida , Gu Yuchun , Tan Shengjiang , Wang Yao
Published: April 2023

Abstract Background: The mortality of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is high due to lack of an effective treatment. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based therapy is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy. In preclinical models, we established ALF501, a novel CAR-NK cells with both a high affinity for PSMA and a clinically significant tumoricidal effect on CRPC. Here we report the results from the first-in-human case of ALF501 for CRPC.

Methods: In this study, ALF501was dosed intravenous for a total of three courses, with an interval of 3 months, each infusion of 5 × 108 cells, and 3 consecutive days of infusion as a course of treatment. Observation continued until progression or unacceptable toxicity for up to 1 years. Primary objectives were safety and tolerability; secondary objectives included preliminary antitumor activity.

Results: An 80-year-old man who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in February 2018 and developed a relapse in April 2021. Starting with July 16 2021, he received three courses of ALF501. No liver and kidney toxicity was observed, and the safety profile was good. Progression-free survival was 12months as of April 23, 2022, during which PSA decreased by 97.5% from baseline. Imaging follow-up showed that the tumor was stable, and chest CT showed that the original pleural effusion and pericardial effusion disappeared, and the high-density shadow previously considered osteogenic bone metastasis was reduced overall.

Conclusions: ALF501 is safe and feasible for the treatment of CRPC, and has preliminary anti-tumor efficacy. This is a case study, and it is necessary to expand the patient sample size in the future to confirm whether there is a difference in efficacy for different patients.

Citation Format: Hui Shi, Yanan Lin, Jie Ran, Yan Jin, Shengbang Zhang, Qi Wang, Huiyuan Zhang, Lida Wu, Yuchun Gu, Shengjiang Tan, Yao Wang. First-in-human study of ALF501, polypeptide PSMA-targeted chimeric antigen receptor engineered natural killer cells) for castration-resistant prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr CT099.
Abstract CT115: Treatment of skin tumors with intratumoral interleukin 12 gene electrotransfer in the head and neck region: A phase I clinical trial
Authors: Sersa Gregor , Cemazar Maja , Jamsek Crt , Strojan Primoz , Jesenko Tanja , Bosnjak Masa , Groselj Ales
Published: April 2023

Immunotherapies with monoclonal antibodies (checkpoint inhibitors) are currently being intensively researched and have led to excellent response in many cases in various tumors. Another potential approach to immunotherapy is the targeted intratumoral administration of interleukin 12 (IL -12), a cytokine with proven anti-tumor activity. Due to its immunomodulatory effect, it can be used as an immunostimulatory component for in situ vaccination of local ablative therapies. We have developed a phIL12 plasmid without antibiotic resistance markers using a transgene for the human IL -12 p70 protein. The plasmid can be introduced intratumorally by gene electrotransfer. In gene electrotransfer, electrical pulses are applied to the tumor to deliver the plasmid DNA into the cells. Based on nonclinical studies of safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, tolerability, and immunogenicity, a phase I clinical trial of phIL12 gene electrotransfer was conducted (ISRCTN15479959, ClinicalTrials NCT05077033). The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of phIL12 gene electrotransfer in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma in patients with operable tumors of the head and neck. The study, an exploratory, dose-escalating Phase I study, will enroll 9 patients in three dose-escalating cohorts. Treatment consists of plasmid injection followed by application of electrical pulses to the tumors. Patients are monitored for 30 days, with tumors removed if a complete response is not achieved. To date, two cohorts of patients have completed the study. No adverse effects or treatment-related toxicities have been observed, and treatment has been well tolerated by patients. The results of this study will provide the basis for the use of phIL12 gene electrotransfer as adjuvant therapy to local ablative therapies to enhance their local effect and elicit a systemic response.

Citation Format: Gregor Sersa, Maja Cemazar, Crt Jamsek, Primoz Strojan, Tanja Jesenko, Masa Bosnjak, Ales Groselj. Treatment of skin tumors with intratumoral interleukin 12 gene electrotransfer in the head and neck region: A phase I clinical trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr CT115.
Abstract LB043: Pharmacological inhibition of ubiquitination sensitizes to DNA damaging agents by preventing homologous recombination repair
Authors: Awasthi Sharad , Yi S. Stephen , McGrail Daniel J. , Sahni Nidhi
Published: April 2023

Therapies inducing DNA damage have been the backbone of cancer treatment for decades, but they often cause significant adverse effects reducing quality of life. Recently, inhibition of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) has been shown to target tumor cells with deficient DNA homologous recombination (HR) double-strand break repair by converting single-strand DNA breaks into toxic double-strand breaks that cannot be resolved. This approach has been advantageous as healthy cells with functional HR repair are less effective, resulting in a more tolerable treatment. However, most cancers will not respond to PARP inhibition. Here, using a genome-wide CRISPR knockout functional genomics screen we identified that depletion of ubiquitination enzymes induced sensitivity to PARP inhibition in HR proficient ovarian cancer cells, as well as KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer cells which are generally resistant to PARP and other DNA damaging agents. Validation studies across multiple cancer lineages using cell line and organoid models confirmed that either silencing or pharmacological inhibition of ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 (UBA1), which is required for ubiquitination, sensitized to PARP inhibition and other DNA damaging therapies. In vivo testing of combination PARP and UBA1 inhibition was well tolerated, and significantly extended survival of patient-derived xenografts compared to either therapy alone. Mechanistically, we found that UBA1 inhibition not only blocked HR repair to sensitize to PARP inhibition, but it also induced global increases in PARylation, which was subsequently inhibited by PARP inhibition. Taken together, these results demonstrate that inhibition of UBA1 sensitizes to PARP via multiple pathways, and the combination is well tolerated making it an ideal strategy to expand the therapeutic benefit of PARP inhibition.

Citation Format: Sharad Awasthi, S. Stephen Yi, Daniel J. McGrail, Nidhi Sahni. Pharmacological inhibition of ubiquitination sensitizes to DNA damaging agents by preventing homologous recombination repair [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr LB043.
Abstract LB173: A bioinformatics approach to determine the potential benefit of blocking both Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 in cancer
Authors: Holyer Ian , Slack Rob
Published: April 2023

Galectins are a family of Beta-galactoside-binding lectins that control numerous cellular processes in health and disease, including fibrosis, carcinogenesis and tumour immune evasion. Evidence is starting to emerge that blockade of more than one galectin may provide additional benefit within the oncology arena due to the overlapping biological functions associated with these lectins. Due to the rich and robust external datasets associated with the two most previously studied galectins, we initially investigated the potential therapeutic benefit of a dual blockade approach of Galectin-1 (Gal-1) and Galectin-3 (Gal-3). A systematic assessment, consisting of three steps, was implemented to conclude the potential clinical effects of dual Gal-1 and Gal-3 inhibition and the specific cancers which may benefit the most from this approach. Step 1 consisted of pathway map reconstructions, depicting the role of Gal-1 and Gal-3 in tumor invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis, to confirm overlapping and independent cancer pathways associated with both galectins. These maps were constructed based on evidence from published literature and additional external databases. Step 2 aligned and ranked the associated expression of Gal-1 and Gal-3 at both the mRNA and protein level across different cancer types. This profiling included data from publicly available TCGA and CPTAC databases and additional external sources. Step 3 tested the highest ranked Gal-1 and Gal-3 mRNA and protein expressing cancers for association of survival by stratifying patients into four cohorts: Gal-1 low/Gal-3 low, Gal-1 high/Gal-3 low, Gal-1 low/Gal-3 high, Gal-1 high/Gal-3 high. Survival profiles quite clearly show that high expression of both galectins leads to poor survival in certain cancer types but not all. To summarize, using a bioinformatics approach, we have provided the initial evidence that Gal-1 and Gal-3 are highly expressed at both the gene and protein level in several cancers with their combined expression strongly correlating with poor survival rates. This data suggests, in certain cancer types, that targeting dual inhibition of Gal-1 and Gal-3 will have the potential to improve patient survival to a greater extent than a single Galectin blockade approach.

Citation Format: Ian Holyer, Rob Slack. A bioinformatics approach to determine the potential benefit of blocking both Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 in cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr LB173.
Abstract LB292: GCC2 on small extracellular vesicles for the early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma: A multicenter trial
Authors: Choi Byeong Hyeon , An Hyonggin , Cho Sukki , Lee Sungsoo , Kim Hyeong Ryul , Cho Jong Ho , Shin Hyunku , Jeon Ok Hwa , Choi Yeonho , Kim Hyun Koo
Published: April 2023

Background: Early detection of lung cancer is extremely important for timely and effective therapeutic interventions to increase the survival rate of patients. Emerging evidence suggests that tumor-derived small extracellular vesicle (sEV) cargo may serve as cancer-specific biomarkers. We previously reported the identification of GRIP and coiled-coil domain-containing 2-enriched sEV (sEV-GCC2) as a promising biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma in a pilot study. In this multicenter study, we explored the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of sEV-GCC2 in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: A total of 470 blood plasma samples (150 healthy controls and 320 patients with lung adenocarcinoma) were retrospectively obtained from five institutions. sEVs were isolated by size exclusion chromatography and sEV-GCC2 was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Effect of sEV-GCC2 on lung cancer cell proliferation was investigated in vitro and in vivo.

Results: sEV-GCC2 concentration was significantly higher in patients than that in controls with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.856 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.820-0.886). In patients at TisN0-T1miN0 stages vs controls, the AUC was 0.802 (95% CI, 0.734-0.859). The association between sEV-GCC2 and lung adenocarcinoma remained after adjustment for pathological TNM stage and tumor location in the left lower lobe. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that GCC2 expression was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than in the controls (p < 0.001). Furthermore, sEV-GCC2 enhanced cancer cell proliferation and accelerated tumor growth and lymph node metastasis.

Conclusions: We identified sEV-GCC2 as a potential diagnostic marker for very early-stage lung cancer. sEV-GCC2 represents a promising therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma and may be quantified as key molecules in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma.

Citation Format: Byeong Hyeon Choi, Hyonggin An, Sukki Cho, Sungsoo Lee, Hyeong Ryul Kim, Jong Ho Cho, Hyunku Shin, Ok Hwa Jeon, Yeonho Choi, Hyun Koo Kim. GCC2 on small extracellular vesicles for the early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma: A multicenter trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr LB292.
Abstract LB333: Cytokine affinity tuning using the AlphaSeq platform to generate targeted immuno-oncology therapeutics
Authors: Swanson Ryan , Goodnight Davis , Adamo Jeff , Minch Kyle , Engelhart Emily , Lopez Randolph , Younger David
Published: April 2023

Here, we demonstrate a novel approach for generating affinity detuned cytokines that can be fused to antibodies for selective immune cell activation to improve anti-tumor responses and mitigate systemic toxicity. Although cytokine therapies have demonstrated curative effects in some cancer patients, clinical use remains limited with current toxicity profiles accompanying systemic administration. Next generation cytokine approaches include conditional signaling focused to sites of interest, including the tumor microenvironment or specific immune cell populations. In this presentation, we share a novel approach for generating detuned cytokine therapeutic candidates using the AlphaSeq platform, which involves the repurposing of yeast agglutination and mating to quantitatively measure protein-protein interactions at a library-on-library scale. We show, for the first time, how AlphaSeq can be used to measure interactions between cytokines and their receptors as well as generate engineered cytokines with a broad range of affinities. A saturated mutational library was created for a cytokine of interest and subsequently screened against a second library consisting of axis receptor chains, their species orthologs and off-target receptors. Cytokine variants with lower affinity than parental were recombinantly expressed as Fc fusion proteins to orthogonally measure affinity with biolayer interferometry and characterize potency with an in vitro human PBMC phosflow assay. Finally, detuned cytokine candidates were fused to antibodies recognizing surface antigens of interest to demonstrate cell population-specific signaling. Our results show the AlphaSeq platform can accurately quantitate thousands of cytokine variant affinities simultaneously against multiple relevant receptors which translates to signaling potency in primary human cells. When engineered as antibody fusion proteins, candidate immunocytokines are identified that only induce signaling in intended cell populations. AlphaSeq’s rapid, comprehensive affinity determination can be utilized to develop a portfolio of clinically relevant therapeutic immunocytokines.

Citation Format: Ryan Swanson, Davis Goodnight, Jeff Adamo, Kyle Minch, Emily Engelhart, Randolph Lopez, David Younger. Cytokine affinity tuning using the AlphaSeq platform to generate targeted immuno-oncology therapeutics [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr LB333.
Abstract LB350: Novel mouse model to study HPV associated pathologies
Authors: Li Xue , Schrank Travis , Kothari Aditi , Rehmani Hina , Tasoulas Jason , Kim Sulgi , Yarbrough Wendell , Isaeva Natalia
Published: April 2023

Papillomaviruses are species specific, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that have an ~8kb circular genome enclosed by a 55 nm icosahedral capsid. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are associated with both benign and malignant epithelial lesions. High-risk HPV subtypes are the causative agents of cervical and the majority of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Persistent HPV infection is required for HPV-associated tumorigenesis; however, cellular factors needed to support the viral persistence and HPV genes expression are not completely understood. Several transgenic mouse models, developed in last decades, helped tremendously to study HPV-induced carcinogenesis. However, the absence of HPV non-coding upstream regulatory region and late coding region, as well as targeted early genes expression driven by an artificial promoter - features that are shared by all existent HPV transgenic mice - limit our ability to investigate HPV-associated malignant transformation and the role of host factors in this process. Therefore, we generated HPV16 transgenic mouse by using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing to insert the full-length HPV16 genome into the Rosa26 locus. Two founder mice, with single HPV copy and with tandem HPV integration, were used to establish mouse colonies. Interestingly, regardless of HPV copy number, ~30% of the HPV knock-in mice exhibited early death during the first 2 weeks after birth, while survived pups were significantly smaller than the same age wild-type mice, and had severe hair loss. Intriguingly, the growth retardant and hair loss phenotype in the HPV16 knock-in mice disappeared in ~4 weeks, most likely indicating that viral genes compromise specific stages of mouse development. We evaluated the expression of HPV genes during development, in different mouse organs, and in established fibroblasts and epithelial cell cultures. Our newly developed HPV16 knock-in mouse model provides viral gene expression from natural viral promoters offering an essential basis to explore the role of cellular factors in HPV-driven pathologies.

Citation Format: Xue Li, Travis Schrank, Aditi Kothari, Hina Rehmani, Jason Tasoulas, Sulgi Kim, Wendell Yarbrough, Natalia Isaeva. Novel mouse model to study HPV associated pathologies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr LB350.
Microbiota Influences on Hematopoiesis and Blood Cancers: New Horizons?
Authors: Galloway-Peña Jessica R. , Jobin Christian
Published: April 2023

Hematopoiesis governs the generation of immune cells through the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) into various progenitor cells, a process controlled by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Among extrinsic factors influencing hematopoiesis is the microbiota, or the collection of microorganisms present in various body sites. The microbiota has a profound impact on host homeostasis by virtue of its ability to release various molecules and structural components, which promote normal organ function. In this review, we will discuss the role of microbiota in influencing hematopoiesis and how disrupting the microbiota/host network could lead to hematologic malignancies, as well as highlight important knowledge gaps to move this field of research forward.

Significance:

Microbiota dysfunction is associated with many pathologic conditions, including hematologic malignancies. In this review, we discuss the role of microbiota in influencing hematopoiesis and how disrupting the microbiota/host network could lead to hematologic malignancies. Understanding how the microbiota influences hematologic malignancies could have an important therapeutic impact for patients.
Eu, protagonista – crítica de fuck me, de Marina Otero
Authors: Sousa Heloísa Helena Pacheco de
Published: April 2023

Este texto traz uma análise crítica da obra Fuck me, da diretora, autora e intérprete Marina Otero, e apresenta algumas escolhas cênicas da artista que reverberam em questões emergentes para a cena contemporânea latino-americana no que diz respeito às experimentações sobre o teatro do real e as possibilidades de protagonismo feminino.
Folia em revista: o teatro de Walter Pinto e a festa carnavalesca carioca
Authors: Marques Maximiliano Almeida Bastos da Costa
Published: April 2023

Este artigo aborda o diálogo entre o teatro de revista de Walter Pinto – produzido nos anos 1940 e 1950 – e o carnaval carioca por meio da revisão de literatura e de periódicos, bem como da análise de imagens e textos de peças do produtor. Inicialmente, caracteriza o esplendor visual e a dinâmica cultural de seus espetáculos, decorrentes da influência dos musicais realizados nos principais centros internacionais do entretenimento da época. Em seguida, examina de que forma o imaginário carnavalesco do período foi concebido em suas montagens de carnaval. Ao final, sugere que o padrão cênico feérico de suas produções inspirou mudanças na visualidade dos desfiles das escolas de samba, ressaltando diálogos e tensões entre diferentes expressões da cultura (FERREIRA, 2012; HALL, 2003; STOREY, 2015) na construção das estéticas “moulinrougiana” e “ziegfeldiana” das performances das agremiações carnavalescas.
Geology of amethyst quartz deposits from Montezuma and surrounding areas of Minas Gerais and Bahia States
Authors: Chaves Mario Luiz de Sá Carneiro , Dias Coralie Heinis , Benitez Leila , Silva Sérgio Melo da
Published: April 2023

Amethyst quartz deposits occur in some regions of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, related to different geological environments. The most important are associated with hydrothermal veins crossing the Espinhaço mountain range, mainly in small and eroded mountains near its east margin, related to the Macaúbas Group. In the border region between the states of Minas Gerais (MG) and Bahia (BA), some of these deposits produce amethyst crystals that become green under heat treatments and are known in the gemmological market as “prasiolite.” The aim of the present study was to provide details of the clear structural control over the mineralized veins. The quartz veins are hosted in quartzites, which have long been the subject of controversy regardingtheir stratigraphic position. In this study, they are inserted into the Santo Onofre (MG) and Serra de Inhaúma (BA) sequences of unknown ages. These quartzites show a folded subvertical foliation, indicating a posterior deformational phase that had not been observed in rocks from the Macaúbas Group in other regions of MG state. At the Montezuma mine (MG), the main veins are around 0.70-1.10 m thick with steep dips to the NE, perpendicular to the NE-SW foliation; bedding orientation is approximately N-S, dipping to the E. In the Coruja mine area (BA), host quartzites have foliation attitudes varying between N35-45°E/ subvertical, and mineralized veins are around 1 m thick, nearly concordant with the foliation. At Tibério’s mine (BA), the mineralization is related to narrow fractures, less than 30 cm wide, and perpendicular to the host quartzite foliation, with directions/dips around N20°W/80°SW. In described deposits, amethyst veins occur structurally related to axial surfaces in foliation folds.
Petrocronologia de rochas metapelíticas: uma revisão de conceitos-chave
Authors: Paiva-Silva Paulo Augusto de , Queiroga Gláucia , Moraes Renato de
Published: April 2023

Rochas metapelíticas são importantes marcadores petrocronólogicos, não apenas pelas variadas e sensíveis paragêneses minerais e presença de fases datáveis, mas também por sua ampla e contínua distribuição ao longo de terrenos, permitindo, assim, estudos integrados e detalhados do metamorfismo e eventos em diferentes regiões. O presente trabalho visou sintetizar aspectos relevantes à caracterização petrológica e geocronológica de metapelitos para regimes de pressão média. Considerando o sistema químico KFMASH (K2O, FeO, MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, H2O), minerais como clorita, muscovita, cloritoide, biotita, estaurolita, granada, cordierita, andaluzita, cianita, sillimanita e feldspato potássico são típicos da paragênese de metapelitos para baixas ou médias pressões, desde que haja disponibilidade química e condições P-T para sua formação. De forma geral, tem-se como distintivas, com o aumento das condições P-T e o aparecimento dos respectivos minerais-índice, as zonas metamórficas da clorita, biotita, granada, estaurolita, cianita, sillimanita e sillimanita + ortoclásio. Para a determinação petrogenética e das condições do metamorfismo desses litotipos, estudos macro- e microestruturais, associados com análises de química mineral e de rocha total, propiciam a aplicação de métodos termobarométricos diversos, desde os convencionais, passando pelos otimizados e diagramas isoquímicos de fases e chegando nos termômetros monoelementares, cada qual com suas especificidades e aplicações. De modo a promover um estudo petrocronológico dos litotipos, fases minerais como zircão, granada, monazita e rutilo, em seus respectivos sistemas isotópicos, possibilitam atribuir idades a esses eventos metamórficos e, com a integração e interpretação dos dados obtidos, construir a trajetória P-T-t-d de formação dessas rochas e dos eventos/estágios dos processos envolvidos. Uma abordagem sistemática, de acordo com as particularidades da rocha, deve ser empregada, garantindo, assim, a acurácia dos resultados obtidos.
Adipose Insulin Resistance Associates With Dyslipidemia Independent of Liver Resistance and Involves Early Hormone Signaling
Authors: Kerr Alastair G. , Andersson Daniel P. , Dahlman Ingrid , Rydén Mikael , Arner Peter
Published: April 2023

Background:

Adipose tissue insulin resistance is linked to altered plasma levels of triglycerides and HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol. However, its degree of independence from liver resistance and different metabolic traits (lipolysis, lipogenesis) effected is not clear and was presently investigated.

Methods:

In 3290 adult subjects, plasma levels of triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol were cross-sectionally measured and related to interindividual variations in measures of insulin resistance in the liver (homeostasis mode assessment of insulin resistance index) or adipose tissue (Adipo-IR index). In subgroups, insulin-induced antilipolysis and lipogenesis in isolated subcutaneous fat cells (n=578) were determined alongside global adipose tissue gene expression (n=132).

Results:

Using linear regression, homeostasis mode assessment of insulin resistance and Adipo-IR strongly correlated with the plasma lipids explaining 33% of the variations in triglycerides. Together with other variables (age, sex, body mass index, cardiometabolic disorders, nicotine use, ethnicity, and physical activity) in multiple regression, homeostasis mode assessment of insulin resistance, and Adipo-IR each remained an important regressor for triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol (
P
<0.0001). In fat cells, half-maximum effective concentration but not maximum effect of insulin on antilipolysis and lipogenesis contributed independently to variations in triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol (
P
=0.001 or lower). This was linked to expression of the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1, and AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 in adipose tissue.

Conclusions:

Markers of insulin resistance in the liver and adipose tissue each associate strongly, and independently of each other, to elevated triglycerides and decreased HDL levels. At the fat cell, early insulin receptor signaling and sensitivity, but not maximum insulin action contributes to the variations in circulating triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol.
Use of Computation Ecosystems to Analyze the Kidney-Heart Crosstalk
Authors: Wu Zhuojun , Lohmöller Johannes , Kuhl Christiane , Wehrle Klaus , Jankowski Joachim
Published: April 2023

The identification of mediators for physiologic processes, correlation of molecular processes, or even pathophysiological processes within a single organ such as the kidney or heart has been extensively studied to answer specific research questions using organ-centered approaches in the past 50 years. However, it has become evident that these approaches do not adequately complement each other and display a distorted single-disease progression, lacking holistic multilevel/multidimensional correlations. Holistic approaches have become increasingly significant in understanding and uncovering high dimensional interactions and molecular overlaps between different organ systems in the pathophysiology of multimorbid and systemic diseases like cardiorenal syndrome because of pathological heart-kidney crosstalk. Holistic approaches to unraveling multimorbid diseases are based on the integration, merging, and correlation of extensive, heterogeneous, and multidimensional data from different data sources, both -omics and nonomics databases. These approaches aimed at generating viable and translatable disease models using mathematical, statistical, and computational tools, thereby creating first computational ecosystems. As part of these computational ecosystems, systems medicine solutions focus on the analysis of -omics data in single-organ diseases. However, the data–scientific requirements to address the complexity of multimodality and multimorbidity reach far beyond what is currently available and require multiphased and cross-sectional approaches. These approaches break down complexity into small and comprehensible challenges. Such holistic computational ecosystems encompass data, methods, processes, and interdisciplinary knowledge to manage the complexity of multiorgan crosstalk. Therefore, this review summarizes the current knowledge of kidney-heart crosstalk, along with methods and opportunities that arise from the novel application of computational ecosystems providing a holistic analysis on the example of kidney-heart crosstalk.
Is Evidential Support the Same as Increase-in-Probability?
Authors: Tokhadze Tamaz
Published: April 2023

Evidential support is often equated with confirmation, where evidence supports hypothesis H if and only if it increases the probability of H. This article argues against this received view. As the author shows, support is a comparative notion in the sense that increase-in-probability is not. A piece of evidence can confirm H, but it can confirm alternatives to H to the same or greater degree; and in such cases, it is at best misleading to conclude that the evidence supports H. The author puts forward an alternative view that defines support in terms of measures of degree of confirmation. The proposed view is both sufficiently comparative and able to accommodate the increase-in-probability aspect of support. The author concludes that the proposed measure-theoretic approach to support provides a superior alternative to the standard confirmatory approach.
Morphoanatomical and molecular characterization of two new Russula species in Section Ingratae from Pakistan
Authors: RAZZAQ ANNUM , NASEER AROOJ , SHAHID SOUMIA , KHALID ABDUL NASIR
Published: April 2023

Two new species in the genus Russula, viz. R. bhurbanensis and R. quercicola collected from coniferous forests in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab provinces, Pakistan are described and illustrated. Russula bhurbanensis is characterized by its large-sized basidiomata with a viscid, orange to dark brown pileus, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, medium-sized basidiospores having isolated to occasionally fused warts with rare line connections. Russula quercicola is characterized by medium-sized, orange to dark brown, hemispherical to infundibuliform pileus with incurved margins, globose and partially reticulate basidiospores with warts connected in long chains and thicker line connections. Some of the shared morphological features; like centrally depressed, viscous, dark brown pileus with tuberculate striated margins, adnexed lamellae, hollow stipe and unpleasant fotid odor confirm that both species belong to sect. Ingratae (subgenus Heterophyllidia) in Russula. Similarly, phylogenetic analyses of both species based on ITS and LSU sequences also proved their distinctive positions as two new species of Russula.
Stemonitis amphorocolumella (Stemonitidaceae, Myxomycetes), a new species from Western Siberia
Authors: VLASENKO ANASTASIA V. , MORENO GABRIEL H. , VLASENKO VYACHESLAV A.
Published: April 2023

A new Stemonitis species from Northern Asia is described and illustrated. The species was found in the Altai Territory, Russia. This new species clearly differs from previously known species by several morphological characters. The new species and four other species of the Stemonitis genus have the thickening and widening of the column apex—Stemonitis capillitionodosa, S. flavogenita, S. pseudoflavogenita, S. sichuanensis, which makes them a separate morphological group in the Stemonitis genus. However, four of the above listed species have warted and spinulose spore ornamentations, whereas the new species spore ornamentations are reticulate. The peridium of the new species is partially preserved in the form of a filmy collar at the base of the sporotheca, whereas the peridium of Stemonitis capillationodosa, S. flavogenita, S. pseudoflavogenita and S. sichuanensis is always fugacious.
Scanning electron microfotographs of a new species of the Stemonitis genus and an updated original identification key for species of this genus around the world, which currently includes 23 taxa, are presented.
Lectotypification of the name Carex curvata Knaf (Cyperaceae) with some taxonomic remarks
Authors: ŘEPKA RADOMÍR , WIĘCŁAW HELENA , KOOPMAN JACOB
Published: April 2023

A lectotype is designated for the name Carex curvata Knaf on a herbarium specimen found in the PR (National Museum, Prague). The specimen we selected seems to correspond to the author’s original concept of the name as supported by the herbarium label written by the author of the name and including the same locality as mentioned in the protologue. The typification is supplemented with taxonomic notes on the determination of similar and related species.
No Warm-Phase Invigoration of Convection Detected during GoAmazon
Authors: Öktem Rusen , Romps David M. , Varble Adam C.
Published: April 2023

It has been proposed that air pollution increases the updraft speeds of warm-phase convective clouds by reducing their supersaturation and, thereby, enhancing their buoyancy. Observations from the GoAmazon field campaign, sampled using subjective criteria, have been offered as evidence for this warm-phase invigoration. Here, we reexamine those GoAmazon observations using objective sampling criteria and find no indication that air pollution increases warm-phase updraft speeds. In addition, the observations yield no statistically significant relationship between aerosol concentrations and either moist-convective vertical velocity or reflectivity in either the lower or upper troposphere.
Network Structure of Atmospheric Perturbations
Authors: Ishibashi Toshiyuki
Published: April 2023

Accurate atmospheric-state analysis is essential for understanding and prediction of the atmosphere and is a difficult scientific problem due to the chaotic nature of the atmosphere; namely, small atmospheric perturbations (APs) grow rapidly in nonlinear processes. The key to atmospheric-state analysis is knowing the structure of the APs. We analyzed the AP structure in terms of network theory using a 192-member AP ensemble. The AP ensemble was generated by an ensemble of variational data assimilation (DA) with the perturbed observation method using the operational numerical weather prediction system at the Japan Meteorological Agency. The generated APs captured flow-dependent AP structures corresponding to atmospheric normal modes, and their use in DA improved accuracy of atmospheric-state predictions. These show the usefulness of the APs. The network property of the APs are as follows. The atmosphere has a small average network distance compared with the square root of the number of nodes, and a large clustering coefficient (about 0.6). These show that the APs have small-world network properties. The degree distribution of APs shows the heavy-tailed structure. These three properties of APs are common to various complex networks in other systems. Hubs in the AP network correspond to atmospheric disturbances. The network community detection using network modularity shows about 18 communities with 0.8 modularity. These basic network properties of APs represent efficient information exchange in the atmosphere, which provides a complementary atmospheric picture to its traditional physical picture based on fluid dynamics and thermodynamics, and would be basic information for atmospheric sciences and extension of application target of the network theory.

Significance Statement

The purpose of this paper is to analyze properties of atmospheric perturbations using the network theory and an accurate ensemble of the atmospheric perturbations. This is important for atmospheric-state estimation and forecasting because the atmosphere is chaotic and small perturbations grow rapidly. Our results show that the atmosphere has a small average network distance and a large clustering coefficient, which are the properties of a small-world network, and a heavy-tailed degree distribution. These three properties of atmospheric perturbations are common to various complex networks in other systems.
The How and Why of Organizational Resilience: A Mixed-Methods Study on Facilitators and Consequences of Organizational Resilience Throughout a Crisis
Authors: Hollands Lisa , Haensse Luca , Lin-Hi Nick
Published: April 2023

There is broad consensus in academia and practice that organizational resilience is a critical factor for organizations to cope with crises. However, despite considerable theoretical progress, empirical knowledge on the dynamics of organizational resilience remains limited. To explore facilitators and consequences of organizational resilience with a holistic approach, we report results of a mixed-methods multi-study throughout an ongoing crisis within the Pakistani textile industry. Qualitative findings indicate a broad set of organizational resilience facilitators, differentiated in respect to their content and temporal properties. Quantitative findings from longitudinal survey data suggest the pivotal importance of “soft” facilitators related to employee focus and learning orientation. In terms of consequences, results show that organizational resilience can reduce emotional exhaustion and contribute to business success. Overall, the findings are consistent with an integral understanding of organizational resilience as a meta-capability, building on a set of facilitators occurring at different time points throughout a crisis.
Phenomenological model for predicting thermoelectromechanical response of 2-2 piezocomposite
Authors: Tize Mha Pierre , Maréchal Pierre , Ntamack Guy E , Kenmeugne Bienvenue
Published: April 2023

The homogenization of piezocomposites is a research challenge as the development of analytical models remains a challenge. In this perspective, this work contributes to the development of an analytical model to predict the thermoelectromechanical behavior of the 2-2 piezocomposite where both phases are electrically active. To establish this model the series/parallel method was used and thus the effective homogenised properties of the composite are established. The influence of the volume fraction on the characteristic parameters was studied and found that a numerical simulation of the effective parameters resulting from a {PZT-5A/PVDF-TrFE} composition shows that, volume fraction influences significantly on the properties of the piezocomposite and consequently on its behavior in service. Due to the unavailability of experimental data in the literature, the validation of the model is done with reference to the model applied to the 1-3 piezocomposite. Therefore, to a certain extent, it is found that the results are in agreement. Based on the results of this model and in comparison with those formulated from 1-3 piezocomposite as presented in the paper, the studied 2-2 piezocomposite could be used where 1-3 piezocomposite is sometimes integrated, as the highest performance piezocomposite. However, this remains to be validated experimentally for targeted applications to be useful for the scientific and even industrial communities.
Extreme Violence and Weight-Related Outcomes in Mexican Adults
Authors: Quintana-Navarrete Miguel
Published: April 2023

Sociological research suggests that violent environments contribute to excess weight, a pressing health issue worldwide. However, this research has neglected extreme forms of violence, such as armed conflicts, a theoretically significant omission because armed conflict could reasonably lead to weight loss, not weight gain. I examine the weight-related, short-term consequences of the Mexican “War on Organized Crime.” I combine body mass index (N = 3,341) and waist circumference (N = 3,509) measures from the Mexico Family Life Survey with a novel data set on aggressions, confrontations, and executions between 2009 and 2011 (CIDE-PPD database) and exploit variation in the timing of the outcome relative to violent events taking place in the same residential environment. I find a robust and large positive association between armed conflict events and weight gain in adults and suggestive evidence of the behavioral, emotional, and physiological/biochemical pathways connecting those variables.