bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Academic Struggle: A Case Study of Undergraduate First Year Medical Students
Authors:   Medical Education and Research Development Unit (MERDU), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, Khairul Anhar Holder Nurul Atira , Nik Nazri Nik Nadia ,   Medical Education and Research Development Unit (MERDU), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, Foong Chan Choong ,   Medical Education and Research Development Unit (MERDU), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, Pallath Vinod ,   Medical Education and Research Development Unit (MERDU), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, Sim Joong Hiong ,   Medical Education and Research Development Unit (MERDU), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, Hong Wei-Han ,   Medical Education and Research Development Unit (MERDU), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, Vadivelu Jamuna ,   Medical Education and Research Development Unit (MERDU), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA
Published: April 2024

Academic struggle is a concern for students, medical schools, and the society. As academic struggle is not idiopathic and instantaneous, qualitative research could provide an in-depth understanding on why it occurs. This qualitative research aimed to explore reasons of failure among Malaysian Year 1 struggling medical students through the lens of Theories of Action. This study adopted a single, embedded case design. Six medical students repeating their Year 1 studies performed a written reflection describing their experiences and behaviours during Year 1. Then, semistructured interviews were conducted with each student, and data were analysed by two researchers. Independent analysis was compared, and discrepancies were resolved through discussions between the researchers. Each student narrative demonstrated difference in behaviours and experiences. Students showed limited learning engagement or demonstrated ineffective learning methods. Narratives indicated various reasons such as being overconfident or unmotivated to study for these behaviours. However, interpreting based on Theories of Action, the students’ failures could be explained by three types of invalid governing variables found in the data. Students may have performed their actions based on inadequate knowledge, possessing misbeliefs, or demonstrating no rationales at all. Invalid governing variables may have led to ineffective actions, and subsequently, resulting in unintended consequences. Hence, all students failed the mid-year and/or end-year assessments. Struggling students lacked the valid governing variables in rationalising their actions. Based on the Theories of Action, to deeply assess and alter their governing variables, struggling students are recommended to perform double loop learning.
Thermalization of long range Ising model in different dynamical regimes: A full counting statistics approach
Authors: Ranabhat Nishan , Collura Mario
Published: April 2024

We study the thermalization of the transverse field Ising chain with a power law decaying interaction \sim 1/r^{\alpha}∼1/rα following a global quantum quench of the transverse field in two different dynamical regimes. The thermalization behavior is quantified by comparing the full probability distribution function (PDF) of the evolving states with the corresponding thermal state given by the canonical Gibbs ensemble (CGE). To this end, we used the matrix product state (MPS)-based Time Dependent Variational Principle (TDVP) algorithm to simulate both real time evolution following a global quantum quench and the finite temperature density operator. We observe that thermalization is strongly suppressed in the region with strong confinement for all interaction strengths \alphaα, whereas thermalization occurs in the region with weak confinement.
TO ESTIMATE THE URIC ACID LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS)
Authors:   Readerin Biochemistry, Nandha Dental College and Hospital, Pitchandampalayam - Erode - Tamilnadu. 638052., S. Ayyappan , Kumar K. Bharath ,   Senior Lecturer in Biochemistry, Nandha Dental College and Hospital, Pitchandampalayam - Erode - Tamilnadu. 638052., G. Vigneswaran ,   Senior Lecturer in Biochemistry, Nandha Dental College and Hospital, Pitchandampalayam - Erode - Tamilnadu. 638052., T. Ilanchezhian ,   Assistant Professorin Biochemistry, ACPM Medical College and Hospital, Dhule - Maharashtra - 424001.
Published: April 2024

Background- Pcos is most common endocrine disorder now a day in females, it appears due to abnormalities in metabolism of androgen and estrogen. It is not only an endocrine disorder but also a metabolic, hormonal and psychological disorder. It causes infertility, distress, hirsutism, irregular menstrual, or biochemical findings. This study aims to evaluate the biochemical parameter, Uric Acid in PCOS women and to assess its effect in these patients and to compare the assessed parameter with that of normal controls. Methods - After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, blood samples are collected from 50 menopausal women diagnosed to have PCOS by ultrasound and 50 healthy controls (Pre-Menopausal Women) aged 18-40 years. Serum Uric Acid was done in both PCOS patients and controls. The correlation between the biochemical parameters are studied in the PCOS group. Results- There was a significant increase in serum uric acid levels in PCOS patients as compared to controls. So, uric acid in PCOS cases as an indicators of early metabolic changes that can be used to diagnose PCOS women at risk of cardio metabolic syndrome. And also it showed that, increased uric acid levels in PCOS patients as compared to controls which were statistically significant. Conclusion- The findings of this study confirms the Uric acid in PCOS and may help to identify women with PCOS at risk of cardio metabolic syndrome, there by confirming the association between PCOS and cardiovascular risk factors.
SEGMENTING GREEN: EXPLORING MARKET SEGMENTATION AND TARGETING STRATEGIES IN SUSTAINABLE MARKETING
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Alabbar School of Management, Raffles University, Neemrana., Yadav Satyender , Kumari Vandana ,   Research Scholar, Department of Business Administration, UCCMS, MLSU, Udaipur.
Published: April 2024

The integration of environmental factors into marketing strategies has become imperative for firms in several industries, highlighting the growing importance of sustainability. Market segmentation and targeting are crucial in sustainable marketing since they allow firms to discover and engage with consumer segments that have comparable sustainability views, attitudes, and behaviors. The study thoroughly examines the existing market segmentation tactics in sustainable marketing, including demographic, psychographic, behavioral, geographic, technographic, cultural, and contextual segmentation. The evaluation of targeting efficacy is examining how well it aligns with market categories, contributes to sustainable product adoption, engages and raises awareness among consumers, has a long-term impact, and aligns with organizational goals. Suggestions involve dividing consumers into groups based on their environmental beliefs, age disparities, geographic location, lifestyle choices, product perceptions, consumption habits, brand perceptions, buying intent, and eco-conscious activities. Although there may be difficulties in attaining successful segmentation, firms have the opportunity to utilize advanced strategies to encourage sustainable growth, societal influence, and environmental accountability. This study emphasizes the significance of market segmentation in sustainable marketing, offering valuable insights for firms navigating the ever-changing environment of sustainability.
Adaptive Reuse of Pos Bloc and M Bloc: The Intersection of Third Place, Nostalgia, and Circular Economy
Authors: Fajarwati Ade Ariyani Sari
Published: April 2024

The research examined the adaptive reuse strategy of heritage buildings that hold nostalgic value as commercial spaces with the third-place concept approach. The need for space facilities for urban communities continued to change based on the activities of its users. People of productive age living in big cities and the suburbs needed space for gathering and relaxation between work and homes. On the other hand, in the downtown area, several heritage buildings were still sturdy and owned by the state but were no longer used optimally or maintained. Adaptive reuse of heritage buildings was a strategy that emerged as a solution to address this need. Nostalgia contained in the preservation of cultural heritage buildings was a significant value to attract visitors and impact economic benefits. Studies were needed regarding aligning economic values with social and environmental needs in adaptive reuse. Qualitative methods with in-depth observations were carried out at two sites, namely the adaptive reuse of Pos Bloc and M Bloc Jakarta, heritage buildings gathering spaces for workers and young people of productive age. This method was applied to analyze the history of the building, the current condition of the interior, and the impact on the economy and community. The research finds that the adaptive reuse of Pos Bloc and M Bloc as third spaces by utilizing nostalgic values is a strategy to maintain cultural heritage as well as an effort to drive a circular economy.
Observation of Excess Air Discharge in the Budikdamber Pond Aeration System on the Real Effect of Tilapia Fish Health (Oreochromis spp.)
Authors: Kostajaya Asep , Rifa Kusumah Billi , Rachmat Asep , Siskandar Ridwan , Yulianti Siti , Fathur Rahim Fauzan
Published: April 2024

DO levels are needed by fish organisms for metabolic processes, so the value changes quickly. So, giving aeration all the time and siphonization every day is the best treatment in maintaining water quality for growth. However, a study revealed that there is a negative side to excessive aeration until it reaches a saturation point. The results of the study on the process and level of exposure related to gas bubble disease caused by hyperoxia. The first symptom is the presence of gas bubbles under the skin, gas bubbles appear on most of the fins, along the lateral line, gills and in the eyes. Currently, another research is being conducted to prove the real effect of excess aeration, specifically on the health of Tilapia in closed ponds at normal ambient temperatures. In the closed water pond system, air flow is given at 25 mg/L (first pool), 40 mg/L (second pool), and 54 mg/L (third pool), with variable treatment of feed, water quality (temperature & pH). , and the same volume. The focus of the type of fish that will be observed in this research is Tilapia, with a duration of observation for ± 1 month. The maximum DO measurement results at a normal ambient temperature of 25.6 °C pool water is 8.2 mg/L. The optimum DO level in the first pond that is aerated with an air flow of 25 L/m is ± 7.9 mg/L, the optimum DO level in an aerated pond with an air flow of 40 L/m is ± 8.1 mg/L, and the optimum DO level in an aerated pond with an air flow rate of 54 L/m is ± 8.1 mg/L. No matter how big the air flow from the aerator is put into the water, the DO level will not exceed the value of 8.2 mg/L as long as the water temperature is not lower than 25 °C. Tilapia in ponds containing the highest DO levels at normal ambient temperature conditions of this pond water (24.4 – 25.9 °C), grows and develops very well, in fact there is no adverse effect on health.
Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L) Fruit Extract Affects The Gonad Development and Ovulation of Female Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus); Study of Gonadal Morphology and Histopathology
Authors: Fujaya Yushinta , Hidayani Andi Aliah , Achmad Marlina , Abdullah Aisyah Nurfadilah , Aliafid Muhammad , Sari Dwi Kesuma
Published: April 2024

One of the problems in the cultivation of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the ability to reproduce early and quickly mature gonads so that the fish kept are difficult to reach the size of market demand. This study aims to determine the effect of various doses of bitter melon fruit extract on the development of female gonads and to study the histopathological changes in the structure of the gonad. This research was carried out in July-September 2021. There were 600 juveniles of tilapia used in this study. Tilapia rearing was carried out in 12 containers (each 200 L volume of water) for 60 days. The experimental design was carried out with 4 treatments of bitter melon extract (BME) consisting of 0 g, 0.1 g, 0.2 g, and 0.3 g for 1 kg of feed and 3 replicates. Parameters observed were gonad morphology, gonad somatic index, and histopathology of the gonad. The gonadal maturity index for all treatment has not significant (P>0.05) but the morphology of the gonad showed differences in size and color. Based on histopathology analysis shows structural changes in the form of oocyte cells undergoing necrosis and increased oocyte atresia in BME treatment.
MICROWAVE ASSISTED LACTIDE-GLYCOLIDE HOMO AND COPOLYMERIZATION INITIATED BY MAGNESIUM LACTATE
Authors: Coelho Matheus , Dias Marcos
Published: April 2024

In this work, microwave-assisted ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide (LA) and glycolide (GA) initiated by magnesium lactate was investigated. The influence of microwave power, temperature, and reaction time on homopolymers and copolymer’s structure and thermal properties is discussed. Polymerization of L-lactide (LLA) initiated by the magnesium compound resulted in yields up to 78% and poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) with average molar mass of up to 30,600 g mol-1. Homopolymerization of glycolide generate poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) in yields up to 90% and in L-lactide/glycolide copolymerizations yields between 34-82%. PLLA prepared with the initiator presented microstructure with significant amount of stereo errors as the result of a racemization process during polymerization as well as low glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm), while the PGAs presented high Tg, due to high crystallinity, and Tm in accordance with the literature. LLA and GA copolymerization result in poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) with composition close to polymerization feed composition.
Screen Adaptation of Henry James’s Novel What Maisie Knew: Amateur Film Discourse as a Subtype of Institutional Film Discourse
Authors: Rarenko Mariya
Published: April 2024

Amateur film discourse is a new special subtype of discourse that has not yet been subjected to scientific research. Its participants have no special cinema education: they discuss the film industry based on their own life experience, ideas, and values. This work was part of the contemporary anthropocentric paradigm, where language comes to the fore as the most important property of human beings. The article identifies the genre of amateur film discourse using online Russian comments to the screen adaptation of Henry James’s What Maisie Knew (1897), directed by S. McGehee and D. Siegel (2012). The methods of comparison and discourse analysis revealed sincerity in the way the commentors evaluated their impressions. The commentors seemed focused on the plot and the action. The discourse was highly emotional and colloquial, filled with aposiopesis and rhetorical questions.
An alternative for kernel SVM when stacked with a neural network
Authors: Ramadhan Mgs M Luthfi
Published: April 2024

Many studies stack SVM and neural network by utilzing SVM as an output layer of the neural network. However, those studies use kernel before the SVM which is unnecessary. In this study, we proposed an alternative to kernel SVM and proved why kernel is unnecessary when the SVM is stacked on top of neural network. The experiments is done on Dublin City LiDAR data. In this study, we stack PointNet and SVM but instead of using kernel, we simply utilize the last hidden layer of the PointNet. As an alternative to the SVM kernel, this study performs dimension expansion by increasing the number of neurons in the last hidden layer. We proved that expanding the dimension by increasing the number of neurons in the last hidden layer can increase the F-Measure score and it performs better than RBF kernel both in term of F-Measure score and computation time.
Implementation Genetic Algorithm for Optimization of Kotlin Software Unit Test Case Generator
Authors: Satria Permana Mohammad Andiez , Muhammad Johan Alibasa  , Sri Widowati
Published: April 2024

Unit testing has a significant role in software development and its impacts depend on the quality of test cases and test data used. To reduce time and effort, unit test generator systems can help automatically generate test cases and test data. However, there is currently no unit test generator for Kotlin programming language even though this language is popularly used for android application developments. In this study, we propose and develop a test generator system that utilizes genetic algorithm (GA) and ANTLR4 parser. GA is used to obtain the most optimal test cases and data for a given Kotlin code. ANTLR4 parser is used to optimize the mutation process in GA so that the mutation process is not totally random. Our model results showed that the average value of code coverage in generated unit tests against instruction coverage is 95.64%, with branch coverage of 76.19% and line coverage of 96.87%. In addition, only two out of eight generated classes produced duplicate test cases with a maximum of one duplication in each class. Therefore, it can be concluded that our optimization with GA on the unit test generator is able to produce unit tests with high code coverage and low duplication.
Land Cover Segmentation of Multispectral Images Using U-Net and DeeplabV3+ Architecture
Authors: Herlawati  , Handayanto Rahmadya Trias
Published: April 2024

The application of Deep Learning has now extended to various fields, including land cover classification. Land cover classification is highly beneficial for urban planning. However, the current methods heavily rely on statistical-based applications, and generating land cover classifications requires advanced skills due to their manual nature. It takes several hours to produce a classification for a province-level area. Therefore, this research proposes the application of semantic segmentation using Deep Learning techniques, specifically U-Net and DeepLabV3+, to achieve fast land cover segmentation. This research utilizes two scenarios, namely scenario 1 with three land classes, including urban, vegetation, and water, and scenario 2 with five land classes, including agriculture, wetland, urban, forest, and water. Experimental results demonstrate that DeepLabV3+ outperforms U-Net in terms of both speed and accuracy. As a test case, Landsat satellite images were used for the Karawang and Bekasi Regency areas.
Symbiotic Potential of Soil Microorganisms in Promoting the Growth of Atlantic Forest Tree Species
Authors: Santos Thainá Alves dos , Silva Felipe Ferreira da , Faria Sergio Miana de , Chaer Guilherme Montandon
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of topsoil obtained from a natural forest fragment in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest to serve as a source of symbiotic microorganisms capable of promoting the growth of native tree species in ecological restoration projects. In greenhouse conditions, 14 experiments in a completely randomized design were conducted in 1,700 cm³ pots filled with sterilized substrate. The effect of adding 80 g of topsoil, either in natura or sterilized, to the substrate was tested on the growth of 14 tree species. Plant height, stem diameter, mycorrhizal colonization and dry masses of shoot, roots, and nodules of tree species were measured. Applying the topsoil to the pots generally resulted in significant increases in height and stem diameter of seedlings compared to the control group during the four to six-month evaluation period. This effect was particularly greater in the nodulating species Plathymenia reticulata, Dalbergia nigra and Mimosa bimucronata, with increases in height and stem diameter of up to 328% and 484%, respectively. Forest topsoil also had a positive impact on the growth of shoot, roots, and nodules of the plants, significantly differing from the control groups. Only the plants that received the topsoil in natura exhibited mycorrhizal colonization and the formation of nodules in nitrogen-fixing species. These plants that established mycorrhizas and nodules presented higher concentrations of phosphorous and nitrogen in their biomass, respectively. Under controlled conditions, the use of forest topsoil proved to be a promising strategy for the introduction of microorganisms that can enhance the growth of tree species, thereby holding potential for implementation in nurseries and field settings.
Uso de Subprodutos da Extração de Bentonita na Composição de Substratos para Produção de Mudas de Quiabo (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)
Authors: Luna Neto Erasmo Venâncio de , Cavalcante Emanuel da Costa , Farias Kênia Kiola Souza , Santos Robson Vinício dos , Silva Joalison de Brito , Campos Milton César Costa , Araújo Josefa Vanessa dos Santos , Beirigo Raphael Moreira , Silva Ramon Freire da
Published: April 2024

O quiabeiro é uma hortaliça comum entre os brasileiros e a utilização de fertilizantes alternativos nessa cultura é de extrema importância. Desse modo, objetivou-se avaliar o uso de subprodutos da extração de bentonita na composição de substratos para produção de mudas de quiabo (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, campus II, em Areia-PB. O delineamento experimental foi realizado em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos, a testemunha e quatro proporções de subproduto da extração de bentonita, resultando em 100 plantas. Foi realizada a caracterização física e química do substrato, e avaliado o índice de velocidade de emergência e as medidas biométricas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Logo, observou-se que a área foliar apresentou maior diferença de médias entre os substratos, sendo o S-2 o que obteve a maior delas, enquanto o S-1 e S-5 apresentaram médias idênticas. A massa fresca de parte aérea apresentou médias mais divergentes entre si, destacando o S-2 com maior valor e o S-5 com o menor. O substrato que obteve as melhores médias na produção das mudas de quiabeiro foi o S-2, com 4% do subproduto da extração de bentonita.
Unión de dos Unidades Léxicas. Uso de Co-Ocurrencias para Investigar el Desarrollo y Autoevaluación de la Lengua Oral en Profesorado
Authors: Mardones Pamela Castillo , Garcia Marta Gràcia
Published: April 2024

La diversificación de análisis cualitativos complejos permite profundizar y dar visibilidad a los temas estudiados y a las voces de las personas participantes en las investigaciones donde se emplean estos análisis. En este artículo se presenta el uso de análisis de co-ocurrencias mediante ATLAS.ti para investigar el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa oral de un grupo de profesores y profesoras. Se busca responder a los siguientes objetivos de investigación: a) presentar de manera práctica el uso de las co-ocurrencias como técnica de análisis de la autoevaluación y desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa de profesores y profesoras de primaria de Chile; y b) describir la importancia de utilizar análisis cualitativos variados para profundizar en los datos. Se diseñó una investigación cualitativa y se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada, que posteriormente se transcribió y analizó mediante ATLAS.ti. Participaron 18 maestros y maestras de primaria de Chile. Los hallazgos indican que utilizar operadores de proximidad, como el análisis de co-ocurrencia, permite acceder a las interrelaciones semánticas que existen en el relato de los maestros y las maestras participantes. Los resultados muestran la influencia de los estímulos y la importancia del ambiente para el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa de los y las maestros y maestras, así como también demuestra que existe un cambio en la trayectoria comunicativa, evolucionando en cuanto al estilo comunicativo recibido y el que imparten en la docencia diaria. Los análisis cualitativos con operadores de proximidad han permitido acceder a una comprensión más profunda de las ideas que se atribuyen al desarrollo y al estado actual de la lengua oral en maestros de primaria.
Estudio tecnológico de la fibra y biometría de la Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) de la zona nuclear de Pampa Galera, Lucanas-Ayacucho
Authors: Trejo C. Wilder , Rojas E.
Published: April 2024

Se realizaron mediciones biométricas, análisis de diámetro y longitud en 71 vicuñas esquiladas en la zona nuclear de la Reserva Nacional de Pampa Galera, Bárbara D’ Achile. Las medidas corporales evaluadas demuestran que no existe dimorfismo sexual en vicuñas y que las variaciones se deben principalmente a la edad del animal. Se encontró que la vicuña adulta muestra una altura a la cruz, diámetro torácico, longitud del animal y altura a la cabeza de 85.2 ± 4.97, 86.47 ± 5.0, 79.6 ± 4.9 y 125.09 ± 6.33 cm, respectivamente. El diámetro de fibra de vicuña promedio de toda la evaluación resultó ser 11.64 ± 1.3µ, encontrándose una interacción entre sexo y edad del animal, siendo el menor diámetro  para los animales jóvenes. El promedio de longitud de la fibra de vellón de vicuña fue de 1.083+0.25 pulgadas e indiferente a los factores de sexo, edad y zona corporal.
Distribución del Ruido Ambiental en el Campus de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina en el periodo Enero-Marzo 2007
Authors: Chávez C. Oscar , Yoza Y. Luis , Arellano V. Ana
Published: April 2024

El presente estudio tuvo como finalidad determinar la distribución del ruido ambiental en el campus de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM) para el periodo enero – marzo del 2007, para lo cual se efectuó un cuadriculado del campus y sus límites, con un total de 69 estaciones, cuyas mediciones se realizaron en los horarios diurno y nocturno en días laborables, y posteriormente se elaboraron los mapas de distribución de ruido ambiental diurno, nocturno y el indicador Lden (diurno-tarde-nocturno) con el software Arc Gis 9.2. Los resultados indicaron que los valores del nivel de presión sonora continuo equivalente (LAeq,T) para los periodos diurno y nocturno están, en gran parte del campus, por encima de los límites estipulados por los Estándares de Calidad Ambiental para Ruido para las zonas de Protección Especial, a causa del ruido proveniente del trafico vehicular externo e interno al campus y de las actividades de tipo industrial y comercial dentro del mismo; destacándose el ruido por tráfico vehicular en el exterior del campus debido al alto flujo vehicular de las avenidas La Molina y Raúl Ferrero.
Estudio anatómico del leño diez especies tropicales del Perú
Authors: Lujan M. Juan , Chavesta C. Manuel
Published: April 2024

El presente trabajo tuvo como finalidad estudiar la estructura anatómica y la elaboración de una clave dicotómica para diez especies tropicales procedentes de Loreto (Perú). La descripción de las características generales y macroscópicas de las maderas se obtuvo de muestras de xiloteca en condición seca al aire y las microscópicas de láminas histológicas y tejido macerado. Resalta el olor agradable en Ocotea fragrantissima y Ocotea javitensis. Microscópicamente los elementos vasculares en Minquartia guianensis presentan platina de perforación simple y escaleriforme; radios agregados y dos tamaños distintos en Vochysia braceliniae y Vochysia lomatophylla respectivamente; fibras estratificadas en Hymenaea courbaril y Tachigalia vasquezii; tubos laticíferos en Xylopia nitida y células oleosas en Diplotropis purpurea, Ocotea fragrantissima y Ocotea javitensis.
Los medios de comunicación y la sociedad de la información
Authors: Martínez A. Ostiano
Published: April 2024

En la historia de la comunicación humana hay sólo cuatro hitos fundacionales que modificaron completamente las relaciones de los seres humanos entre sí y su entorno. La invención del lenguaje, la del alfabeto, la de la imprenta, y de las redes de comunicación. Con las redes de comunicación atravesamos el cuarto hito evolutivo que divide la historia del ser humano en un antes y un después. Podemos afirmar que el proyecto de la modernidad ya se está agotando y que los medios de comunicación constituyen un factor clave en las transformaciones sociales y culturales de la sociedad actual. Por eso, el gran desarrollo de las tecnologías comunicativas en las últimas décadas ha permitido la expansión del conocimiento y las costumbres que la sociedad de la información (posmoderna) viene fomentando. El presente trabajo es un estudio que permite explicar cómo y qué papel cumplen los medios de comunicación en una sociedad contemporánea como la nuestra, que está en un proceso de cambio dramático, ya se llame sociedad mediática, de la información, del capitalismo tardío, como lo califica Frederic Jamenson, o posmoderna
Oferta exportables de productos agrícolas de la sierra
Authors: Linares S. Agapito
Published: April 2024

El actual contexto mundial en que se encuentra el comercio en general, y específicamente el comercio agrícola en particular, ha incrementado significativamente el interés de los consumidores en especial de los países desarrollados por alimentos libres de agroquímicos y en cuya producción se aplican criterios tendientes a preservar el medio ambiente y la salud. Se identifica oportunidades de exportación para países como el nuestro en el rubro de productos orgánicos. Este paradigma, de producción limpia y protección del medio ambiente, se presenta como un reto estratégico en los objetivos de modernización del sector agroalimentario, además de la conquista de nuevos mercados. La viabilidad de los acuerdos bilaterales y multilaterales asegura el mercado para los productos no tradicionales de la costa eminentemente competitivos. Pero adicionalmente se presenta esta ventana interesante para los productos orgánicos con propiedades y características nutritivas notables ubicados en la sierra de nuestro país.En este sentido los objetivos que se persigue con el presente estudio son:1. Dar a conocer las ventajas que ofrecen productos de la sierra con potencial exportador en función de su demanda, así como los beneficios que se generaría en beneficio de los agricultores.2. Presentar y difundir información, para el establecimiento de cadenas productivas y de comercialización, que vinculen la zona rural andina con las actividades económicas nacionales y de exportación.3. Promover proyectos para la creación de corredores económicos que coadyuven al impulso de la economía andina. La metodología empleada se basa en el enfoque de demanda, donde la Oferta exportable de los Productos Agrarios de la Sierra es determinada en función de la demanda internacional; la oferta de los productos importantes con capacidad productiva son identificados, en base a los diferentes tipos de demanda que existen actualmente y a partir de esto se plantean estrategias de promoción de negocios. En forma específica y metodológica se identifican productos competitivos y rentables que produce la Sierra o que puede producir de acuerdo a la demanda de segmentos de mercados externos actuales y potenciales. Los resultados encontrados en función de la demanda, la rentabilidad y las ventajas competitivas que ofrecen productos de la sierra con potencial exportador son: el maíz morado, maíz blanco gigante, la quinua, kiwicha, tara, maca, orégano, y haba en grano, resultados que beneficiarían indudablemente a los agricultores de la Sierra. Perú país orgánico
Análisis de supervivencia en presencia de riesgos competitivos, un enfoque no paramétrico
Authors: Bullón C. Luz
Published: April 2024

En muchas investigaciones hay interés en estudiar el tiempo de vida (o de sobrevida) con el objetivo de estimar la función de supervivencia. Particularmente en investigación clínica o biomédica, es muy frecuente encontrar datos de tiempo de vida asociados a múltiples eventos causas de falla. Dichos eventos pueden ser concurrentes, ordenados o aleatorios. En esta situación se dice que el análisis es de riesgos competitivos y la metodología que aquí se presenta es con enfoque no paramétrico de Kaplan-Meier. El método se ilustra con datos presentados en Molinero (2004) y se efectúa una comparación de esta metodología frente a la de Kaplan-Meier clásico, concluyendo que en presencia de eventos competitivos no es conveniente usar este último.
Pago del Servicio Ambiental Hídrico para conservar la parte alta de la Cuenca del Río Mala
Authors: Jimenez D. Luis
Published: April 2024

El pago por el servicio ambiental hídrico en la cuenca del río Mala se determina calculando la disposición a pagar de los usuarios de la parte baja del valle, para compensar el valor de captación y de protección de la zona de recarga. El 35% de las familias esta dispuesto a pagar en efectivo US$ 10.30/año, el 54% en trabajos comunales valorizados en US$ 86/año y un 11% en ambas modalidades. La cuenca del río Mala esta conformado por su propio valle y dos afluentes, el río Quinches (Ayavirí) – Yauyos y el río San Lorenzo – Huarochirí. El bosque de recarga hídrica es de 100 ha, 40 ha en las nacientes del río Ayavirí y 60 ha en el río San Lorenzo. El balance hídrico de la cuenca total tiene una zona de recarga de 60 km2, con una oferta hídrica de 7,380,000 m3 y una demanda de 5,826,969 m3, existiendo un superávit. En la subcuenca del río Quinches el valor de captación lo determina la ganadería con US$ 2,000/año, mientras el valor de protección (bosques con especies nativas) requiere una compensación mínima de US$ 277 al primer año y de US$ 137 en los años sucesivos; en la subcuenca del río San Lorenzo el valor de captación lo determina la agricultura con US$ 3,600/año y el valor de protección de los bosques requiere compensación mínima de US$ 287 y 147. Valores que pueden ser cubiertos con la disposición a pagar de los usuarios de la parte baja del valle. La evaluación financiera para conservar el bosque, con una tasa de descuento privada del 18% obtuvo un valor presente de US$ 15,268 (60% de la inversión) y una tasa de retorno del 32%.
Neuropilin-1 Binding Peptide as Fusion to Diphtheria Toxin Induces Apoptosis
in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Eghtedari Sara , Behdani Mahdi , Kazemi-Lomedasht Fatemeh
Published: April 2024

Background::

Targeted cancer therapy can be considered as a new strategy to overcome the side effects
of current cancer treatments. Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed in
endothelial cells and tumor vessels to stimulate angiogenesis progression. Targeted diphtheria toxin (DT)-
based therapeutics are promising tools for cancer treatment. This study aimed to construct a novel NRP-1 binding
peptide (as three repeats) (CRGDK) as a fusion to truncated DT (DTA) (DTA-triCRGDK) for targeted delivery
of DT into NRP-1 expressing cells.

Methods::

The concept of DTA-triCRGDK was designed, synthesized and cloned into the bacterial host. Expression
of DTA-triCRGDK was induced by Isopropyl ß-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and purification
was performed using Ni-NTA chromatography. Biological activity of DTA-triCRGDK was evaluated using
MTT, apoptosis, and wound healing assays. In addition, expression levels of apoptotic Bax, Bcl2, and Casp3
genes were determined by Real-time PCR.

Results::

Cytotoxicity analysis showed the IC50 values of DTA-triCRGDK for A549 and MRC5 were 0.43 nM
and 4.12 nM after 24 h, respectively. Bcl2 expression levels decreased 0.4 and 0.72 fold in A549 and MRC5,
respectively. However, Bax and Casp3 expression level increased by 6.75 and 8.19 in A549 and 2.51 and 3.6
in MRC5 cells.

Conclusion::

Taken together, DTA-triCRGDK is a promising tool for targeted therapy of NRP-1 overexpressing
cancer cells.
Fat-soluble Vitamins and Lung Cancer: Where We Are?
Authors: Lin Xue , Wang Yaxuan , Zhang Tongzuo , Pu Xiaoyan
Published: April 2024

Fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, and K) are vital substances for maintaining normal physiological functions
in the body. In recent years, scholars have explored the relationship between fat-soluble vitamins and the
wasting disease - lung cancer. In this paper, we review recent studies on fat-soluble vitamins and lung cancer
to clarify the relevance and molecular mechanisms of various vitamins in lung cancer, and whether the levels
of fat-soluble vitamins in the body and vitamin supplementation affect the development of lung cancer. Our review
could facilitate the discovery of biomarkers, potential therapeutic targets in lung cancer, and anti-tumor
adjuvant drugs, in addition to highlighting other new ideas in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.
Micropropagation of Juglans regia L.
Authors: Juyal Sakshi , Rawat Megha , Saini Priya , Negi Ayushi , Pant Manu
Published: April 2024

Juglans regia L., commonly called walnut, is a nutrient-rich fruit. Besides
many therapeutic properties, the plant is highly valued for its timber, which along with
the fruit-nut, fetches a very high demand in the domestic and international markets. The
ever increasing demand for these plant products is not being sufficed by the existing
supplies. This is owing to the fact that conventional methods of walnut propagation are
time and space-consuming and show limited responsiveness. Walnut cuttings are also
difficult to root, making large-scale propagation a challenge. Consequently, walnut
micropropagation has become extremely important to ensure rapid mass production of
selected cultivars in a small space, and for an indefinite time period. The tissue-cultureraised products are robust, disease-free, and have desirable characteristics. The aim of
this chapter is to compile information on tissue culture studies on Juglans regia with a
special focus on the latest developments in the field. The chapter covers various
pathways employed for the in vitro propagation of walnut, hardening, and
acclimatization of tissue culture raised plantlets to ensure better quality, quantity, and
sustainability of walnut trees to meet the demand of the growing global population.
A Review of Momordica charantia L.: Regeneration via Organogenesis versus Embryogenesis
Authors: Agarwal Mala
Published: April 2024

Momordica charantia L., commonly known as bitter melon/gourd, is a
slender tendril-climbing annual vine of the family Cucurbitaceae. Bitter melon grows
in tropical areas, including parts of the Amazon, Asia, and the Caribbean, and is
cultivated throughout South America. It is a common food of the tropics used in the
treatment of many diseases and is also known for its potent hypoglycemic actions. A
steroidal sapogenins known as charantin, insulin-like peptides, and alkaloids have been
reported to have hypoglycemic or other actions of potential benefit in diabetes mellitus.
The present chapter gives a comprehensive review of the tissue culture of Momordica
charantia. There are two ways of regeneration, direct organogenesis and indirect
organogenesis; both take place through the production of adventitious buds and somatic
embryogenesis. The present review gives a complete in vitro regeneration protocol of
M. charantia.
The Influence of Gender on the Performance of Village-Owned Enterprises in the Province of East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Tri Wahyu
Published: April 2024

Village-owned enterprises constitute a significant facet of the government's endeavours to bolster rural economic growth; however, the current scenario in Indonesia showcases a concerning trend of underperformance within these enterprises. This study delves into the impact of female managers on the performance of village-owned enterprises, employing cross-sectional data sourced from 100 such enterprises in East Java, Indonesia. The data was subjected to analysis through an ordered probit model. The principal finding of this study underscores the noteworthy and statistically significant influence exerted by female managers on the performance of village-owned enterprises. This observation implies that enterprises led by female managers tend to exhibit superior performance compared to those managed by their male counterparts. Concurrently, the study underscores the pivotal role of demographic profiles, such as age and education, in shaping managerial performance. These findings carry significant implications for policy formulation. They underscore the urgent need to enhance women's empowerment in rural areas, specifically by encouraging their active participation in village-owned enterprises. Additionally, the study underscores the broader importance of augmenting the knowledge and skills of both male and female managers. Such efforts hold the potential to substantially enhance the contributions of village-owned enterprises to Indonesia's economic landscape. In summary, the study's findings emphasize the pivotal role of female managers in boosting the performance of village-owned enterprises. These insights underscore the necessity of empowering women in rural settings and cultivating knowledge across genders. By addressing these imperatives, policymakers can harness the potential of village-owned enterprises for driving sustainable rural economic development in Indonesia.
The Willingness of Farmers to Adopt Innovations from Farmer-Owned Enterprises (BUMP)
Authors: Wicaksono Karuniawan Puji , Kusuma Bayu Adi , Permanasari Paramyta Nila , D.P Della Aprillia , Dewi Rahma Wilda Kusuma , Ramadhani Mirza , Rohman Ach. Ainur
Published: April 2024

A Method to increase the capacity of farmers is through farmer institutions. BUMP or know as (Farmer-Owned Enterprise) is one of the farmer institutions which incorporate in the agricultural commodity association. BUMP is helpful association for increasing farmer’s income and knowledge, facilitating farmers in obtaining production facilities and also capital, and facilitating the sale of crops to increase the productivity of agricultural products. However, behind the benefits provided, there are challenges that must be faced related to the willingness of farmers to adopt innovations. This study pays attention to how the influence of self-efficacy and attitude on the willingness to adopt is supported by the variables Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness. This research was conducted in Dadaplangu Village, Ponggok District, Blitar Regency. Respondents in the study consist of 35 members of Gapoktan Rukun Sentosa who were taken by a saturated sampling technique. The result analysis of this study using SEM PLS showed that self-efficacy, attitude, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness influenced the farmers' willingness to adopt the innovation.
Sustainability of The Agroforestry Management System on Perhutani Forest Land in Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mujaddid Muhammad Ashri , Suhartini Suhartini , Asmara Rosihan
Published: April 2024

The Forest Management Program with the Community (PHBM) is a program that provides an opportunity for communities living around forests to participate in managing forests by planting seasonal crops with the concept of agroforestry. However, there are any threats to agricultural sustainability in the form of critical land, pest attacks, institutional functions that are not running well, and non-optimal usage of technology. This study aims to examine the sustainability of farming on Perhutani land which is assessed from the five dimensions of sustainability: ecology, economic, social, institutional, and technology. The data collected by distribute the questionnaires to respondents. Respondents in consist of 67 people in total who divided into 60 farmers, and seven stakeholders. Data analysis used the MDS (Multidimensional Scaling) method and leverage analysis to see the attributes that affect sustainability. The results of the study have a sustainability index value of 53.778%, it is categorized as Sufficiently Sustainable in terms of institutional dimensions about (67.119%), ecology dimensions (61.119%), and economic dimensions (58.332%). Meanwhile, the social dimension (44.597%) and the technology dimension (37.727%) are less sustainable. The leverage analysis shows 25 sensitive attributes that affect the sustainability of farming on Perhutani's land in each dimension.
Marketing Efficiency of Shallot Commodity in Malang Raya
Authors: Siswantoro Ajik , Pariasa Imaniar Ilmi , Hardana Andrean Eka , Riyanto Sugeng , Utomo Medea Rahmadhani
Published: April 2024

Analyzing the marketing efficiency of shallot commodities is the main objective in this research.The research was located in Malang Raya included Malang City, Batu City, and Malang Regency. The method of taking farming respondents with a simple random sample design was taken based on the parallel formula in 37 people. Selected marketer’s respondent using the snowball sampling method, involving 13 individuals in total. The margin analysis is conducted to analyze the components of marketing costs as well as the share received by each market actors involved in shallot marketing. Profit marketing margin analysis, the ratio of profit was taken over the costs incurred by each marketing institution in the four marketing channels could be said to be generally efficient. The price share that was received by farmers in marketing channel IV is the highest sahre among the other channels. This is a result of farmers selling their shallots to intermediary traders directly. In contrast to marketing channel III, which gives farmers the lowest share. This occurs because of the high selling price difference between retailers and farmers and involves three marketing institutions.
Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Exercise Capacity in Adult Patients with Lung Transplantation: Single-Arm Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: wang peijian , Gao Beiyao , Wang Siyuanm , Wang Zhao , Zhao Li , Duan Yajing , Duan Yajing , Duan Yajing , Duan Yajing , Duan Yajing , Duan Yajing , Duan Yajing , Duan Yajing , Duan Yajing , Ge Lijun , jiang shan , chen wenhui
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Lung transplantation (LTx) is a well-established option for patients in the end-stage lung disease that is not responsive to other treatments. Although the survival rate after LTx has seen a significant increase, exercise intolerance still limited and poses a big obstacle to recovery after LTx. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a comprehensive intervention that has many benefits for patients with chronic respiratory disease. However, the effectiveness of PR on adult patients with LTx is inconclusive. We performed this meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of PR in adult LTx recipients.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore the effectiveness of PR on exercise capacity in adult patients with LTx.

METHODS

Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies published until March 25, 2024 2024, were searched in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of science and CINAHL. Additionally, reference lists and published systematic reviews were scanned by manual searching. Studies selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were conducted independently. Stata software (version 17.0) was utilized.

RESULTS

21 studies (9 RCTs and 12 quasi-experimental studies) were identified. Pooled analysis showed that PR positive effect in improving six minutes walking distance(6MWD) (SMD 1.28, 95% CI 1.05–1.50, P<0.001), maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) (SMD 0.42, 95%CI 0.15-0.68, P=0.002), handgrip force (HGF) (SMD 0.49, 95% CI 0.26–0.73, P<0.001), and quadriceps force (QF) (SMD 0.63, 95% CI 0.45–0.82,P<0.001). There was no significant publication bias in those outcomes mentioned above.

CONCLUSIONS

PR shows evidence of being an effective adjunctive strategy for improving exercise capacity after lung transplantation, but multi-center trials on larger populations are required to confirm its clinical benefits in the real-world setting.

CLINICALTRIAL

This meta-analysis protocol was registered with PROSPERO(NO. CRD42023460247)