bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Human Papillomavirus 16 E6 Antibodies in Individuals without Diagnosed Cancer: A Pooled Analysis
Authors: Lang Kuhs Krystle A. , Anantharaman Devasena , Waterboer Tim , Johansson Mattias , Brennan Paul , Michel Angelika , Willhauck-Fleckenstein Martina , Purdue Mark P. , Holcátová Ivana , Ahrens Wolfgang , Lagiou Pagona , Polesel Jerry , Simonato Lorenzo , Merletti Franco , Healy Claire M. , Kjaerheim Kristina , Conway David I. , Macfarlane Tatiana V. , Thomson Peter , Castellsagué Xavier , Znaor Ariana , Black Amanda , Huang Wen-Yi , Krogh Vittorio , Trichopoulou Antonia , Bueno-de-Mesquita H. B(as). , Clavel-Chapelon Françoise , Weiderpass Elisabete , Ekström Johanna , Riboli Elio , Tjønneland Anne , Sánchez María-José , Travis Ruth C. , Hildesheim Allan , Pawlita Michael , Kreimer Aimée R.
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: The increasing incidence of oropharyngeal cancer in many developed countries has been attributed to human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infections. Recently, HPV16 E6 serology has been identified as a promising early marker for oropharyngeal cancer. Therefore, characterization of HPV16 E6 seropositivity among individuals without cancer is warranted.

Methods: A total of 4,666 controls were pooled from several studies of cancer and HPV seropositivity, all tested within the same laboratory. HPV16 E6 seropositive controls were classified as having (i) moderate [mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) ≥ 484 and <1,000] or (ii) high seroreactivity (MFI ≥ 1,000). Associations of moderate and high HPV16 E6 seroreactivity with (i) demographic risk factors; and seropositivity for (ii) other HPV16 proteins (E1, E2, E4, E7, and L1), and (iii) E6 proteins from non-HPV16 types (HPV6, 11, 18, 31, 33, 45, and 52) were evaluated.

Results: Thirty-two (0.7%) HPV16 E6 seropositive controls were identified; 17 (0.4%) with moderate and 15 (0.3%) with high seroreactivity. High HPV16 E6 seroreactivity was associated with former smoking [odds ratio (OR), 5.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–51.8], and seropositivity against HPV16 L1 (OR, 4.8; 95% CI, 1.3–15.4); E2 (OR, 7.7; 95% CI, 1.4–29.1); multiple HPV16 proteins (OR, 25.3; 95% CI, 2.6–119.6 for three HPV16 proteins beside E6) and HPV33 E6 (OR, 17.7; 95% CI, 1.9–81.8). No associations were observed with moderate HPV16 E6 seroreactivity.

Conclusions: High HPV16 E6 seroreactivity is rare among individuals without diagnosed cancer and was not explained by demographic factors.

Impact: Some HPV16 E6 seropositive individuals without diagnosed HPV-driven cancer, especially those with seropositivity against other HPV16 proteins, may harbor a biologically relevant HPV16 infection. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(4); 683–9. ©2015 AACR.
Data from Vitamin D Receptor Gene Haplotypes and Polymorphisms and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Engel Lawrence S. , Orlow Irene , Sima Camelia S. , Satagopan Jaya , Mujumdar Urvi , Roy Pampa , Yoo Sarah , Sandler Dale P. , Alavanja Michael C.
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Observational and experimental studies suggest that vitamin D may influence breast cancer etiology. Most known effects of vitamin D are mediated via the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Few polymorphisms in the VDR gene have been well studied in relation to breast cancer risk and results have been inconsistent.

Methods: We investigated VDR polymorphisms and haplotypes in relation to breast cancer risk by genotyping 26 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) that (i) had known/suspected impact on VDR function, (ii) were tagging SNPs for the three VDR haplotype blocks among whites, or (iii) were previously associated with breast cancer risk. We estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in relation to breast cancer risk among 270 incident cases and 554 matched controls within the Agricultural Health Study cohort.

Results: In individual SNP analyses, homozygous carriers of the minor allele for rs2544038 had significantly increased breast cancer risk (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.0–2.5) and homozygous carriers of the minor allele for rs11168287 had significantly decreased risk (OR = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4–1.0). Carriers of the minor allele for rs2239181 exhibited marginally significant association with risk (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 0.9–2.0). Haplotype analyses revealed three haplotype groups (blocks “A,” “B,” and “C”). Haplotype GTCATTTCCTA in block B was significantly associated with reduced risk (OR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3–0.9).

Conclusions: These results suggest that variation in VDR may be associated with breast cancer risk.

Impact: Our findings may help guide future research needed to define the role of vitamin D in breast cancer prevention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(10); 1856–67. ©2012 AACR.
Data from The Cancer Epidemiology Descriptive Cohort Database: A Tool to Support Population-Based Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Kennedy Amy E. , Khoury Muin J. , Ioannidis John P.A. , Brotzman Michelle , Miller Amy , Lane Crystal , Lai Gabriel Y. , Rogers Scott D. , Harvey Chinonye , Elena Joanne W. , Seminara Daniela
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: We report on the establishment of a web-based Cancer Epidemiology Descriptive Cohort Database (CEDCD). The CEDCD's goals are to enhance awareness of resources, facilitate interdisciplinary research collaborations, and support existing cohorts for the study of cancer-related outcomes.

Methods: Comprehensive descriptive data were collected from large cohorts established to study cancer as primary outcome using a newly developed questionnaire. These included an inventory of baseline and follow-up data, biospecimens, genomics, policies, and protocols. Additional descriptive data extracted from publicly available sources were also collected. This information was entered in a searchable and publicly accessible database. We summarized the descriptive data across cohorts and reported the characteristics of this resource.

Results: As of December 2015, the CEDCD includes data from 46 cohorts representing more than 6.5 million individuals (29% ethnic/racial minorities). Overall, 78% of the cohorts have collected blood at least once, 57% at multiple time points, and 46% collected tissue samples. Genotyping has been performed by 67% of the cohorts, while 46% have performed whole-genome or exome sequencing in subsets of enrolled individuals. Information on medical conditions other than cancer has been collected in more than 50% of the cohorts. More than 600,000 incident cancer cases and more than 40,000 prevalent cases are reported, with 24 cancer sites represented.

Conclusions: The CEDCD assembles detailed descriptive information on a large number of cancer cohorts in a searchable database.

Impact: Information from the CEDCD may assist the interdisciplinary research community by facilitating identification of well-established population resources and large-scale collaborative and integrative research. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(10); 1392–401. ©2016 AACR.
Data from Exploring the Recent Trend in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Incidence and Mortality Using Comparative Simulation Modeling
Authors: Kong Chung Yin , Kroep Sonja , Curtius Kit , Hazelton William D. , Jeon Jihyoun , Meza Rafael , Heberle Curtis R. , Miller Melecia C. , Choi Sung Eun , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris , van Ballegooijen Marjolein , Feuer Eric J. , Inadomi John M. , Hur Chin , Luebeck E. Georg
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has increased five-fold in the United States since 1975. The aim of our study was to estimate future U.S. EAC incidence and mortality and to shed light on the potential drivers in the disease process that are conduits for the dramatic increase in EAC incidence.

Methods: A consortium of three research groups calibrated independent mathematical models to clinical and epidemiologic data including EAC incidence from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER 9) registry from 1975 to 2010. We then used a comparative modeling approach to project EAC incidence and mortality to year 2030.

Results: Importantly, all three models identified birth cohort trends affecting cancer progression as a major driver of the observed increases in EAC incidence and mortality. All models predict that incidence and mortality rates will continue to increase until 2030 but with a plateauing trend for recent male cohorts. The predicted ranges of incidence and mortality rates (cases per 100,000 person years) in 2030 are 8.4 to 10.1 and 5.4 to 7.4, respectively, for males, and 1.3 to 1.8 and 0.9 to 1.2 for females. Estimates of cumulative cause-specific EAC deaths between both sexes for years 2011 to 2030 range between 142,300 and 186,298, almost double the number of deaths in the past 20 years.

Conclusions: Through comparative modeling, the projected increases in EAC cases and deaths represent a critical public health concern that warrants attention from cancer control planners to prepare potential interventions.

Impact: Quantifying this burden of disease will aid health policy makers to plan appropriate cancer control measures. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(6); 997–1006. ©2014 AACR.
Data from Antidiabetic Medications and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Singh Siddharth , Singh Harkirat , Singh Preet Paul , Murad M. Hassan , Limburg Paul J.
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Antidiabetic medications (ADM) may modify colorectal cancer risk in patients with diabetes mellitus. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, evaluating the effect of metformin, thiazolidinediones (TZD), sulfonylureas, and insulin on colorectal cancer risk in diabetic patients.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of multiple bibliographic databases, up to September 2012, for articles that evaluated exposure to metformin, TZD, sulfonylureas, and insulin, reported colorectal cancer risk in patients with diabetes mellitus, and reported OR or provided data for their estimation. Summary OR estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using the random-effects model.

Results: Fifteen studies reporting 13,871 cases of colorectal cancer in 840,787 patients with diabetes mellitus were included. Meta-analysis of observational studies showed an 11% reduction in colorectal cancer risk associated with metformin use (n = 9 studies; OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81–0.99), whereas TZD use was not associated with colorectal cancer risk (n = 5 studies; OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.87–1.05). Conversely, a trend toward higher colorectal cancer risk was observed with sulfonylurea (n = 7 studies; OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.97–1.26) and insulin (n = 9 studies; OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.91–1.94) use, although these associations were not statistically significant. There was considerable heterogeneity across studies, partly explained by study location and adjustment for concomitant use of other ADMs. Post-hoc analysis of randomized controlled trials did not reveal any significant association between ADM and colorectal cancer risk.

Conclusions: Meta-analysis of published studies supports a protective association between metformin use and colorectal cancer risk in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Impact: Clinical trials on the chemopreventive effect of metformin against colorectal cancer are warranted. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(12); 2258–68. ©2013 AACR.
Uncovering the Protective Neurologic Mechanisms of Hypofractionated FLASH Radiotherapy
Authors: Alaghband Yasaman , Allen Barrett D. , Kramár Eniko A. , Zhang Richard , Drayson Olivia G.G. , Ru Ning , Petit Benoit , Almeida Aymeric , Doan Ngoc-Lien , Wood Marcelo A. , Baulch Janet E. , Ballesteros-Zebadua Paola , Vozenin Marie-Catherine , Limoli Charles L.
Published: March 2023

Implementation of ultra-high dose-rate FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) is rapidly gaining traction as a unique cancer treatment modality able to dramatically minimize normal tissue toxicity while maintaining antitumor efficacy compared with standard-of-care radiotherapy at conventional dose rate (CONV-RT). The resultant improvements in the therapeutic index have sparked intense investigations in pursuit of the underlying mechanisms. As a preamble to clinical translation, we exposed non–tumor-bearing male and female mice to hypofractionated (3 × 10 Gy) whole brain FLASH- and CONV-RT to evaluate differential neurologic responses using a comprehensive panel of functional and molecular outcomes over a 6-month follow-up. In each instance, extensive and rigorous behavioral testing showed FLASH-RT to preserve cognitive indices of learning and memory that corresponded to a similar protection of synaptic plasticity as measured by long-term potentiation (LTP). These beneficial functional outcomes were not found after CONV-RT and were linked to a preservation of synaptic integrity at the molecular (synaptophysin) level and to reductions in neuroinflammation (CD68+ microglia) throughout specific brain regions known to be engaged by our selected cognitive tasks (hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex). Ultrastructural changes in presynaptic/postsynaptic bouton (Bassoon/Homer-1 puncta) within these same regions of the brain were not found to differ in response to dose rate. With this clinically relevant dosing regimen, we provide a mechanistic blueprint from synapse to cognition detailing how FLASH-RT reduces normal tissue complications in the irradiated brain.

Significance:

Functional preservation of cognition and LTP after hypofractionated FLASH-RT are linked to a protection of synaptic integrity and a reduction in neuroinflammation over protracted after irradiation times.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Late-Life Depression (CBTlate): Results of a Multicenter, Randomized, Observer-Blinded, Controlled Trial
Authors: Dafsari Forugh S. , Bewernick Bettina , Böhringer Sabine , Domschke Katharina , Elsaesser Moritz , Löbner Margrit , Luppa Melanie , Preis Lukas , Püsken Julia , Schmitt Sandra , Szekely Andreea-Johanna , Hellmich Martin , Müller Wiebke , Wagner Michael , Peters Oliver , Frölich Lutz , Riedel-Heller Steffi , Schramm Elisabeth , Hautzinger Martin , Jessen Frank
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Different psychotherapeutic interventions for late-life depression (LLD) have been proposed, but their evaluation in large, multicenter trials is rare. Objective: The present study evaluated the efficacy of a specific cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for LLD (LLD-CBT) in comparison with a supportive unspecific intervention (SUI), both administered in a specialist psychiatric outpatient setting. Methods: In this randomized, controlled, parallel group trial, we recruited participants (≥60 years) with moderate to severe depression at 7 trial sites in Germany. Participants were randomly assigned to the LLD-CBT or SUI group. The primary outcome was depression severity at the end of treatment measured by change on the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Secondary outcomes included change in observer-rated depression, anxiety, sleep ratings, and quality of life throughout the treatment phase and at 6-month follow-up. Results: Between October 1, 2018, and November 11, 2020, we randomly assigned 251 patients to either LLD-CBT (n = 126) or SUI (n = 125), of whom 229 provided primary-outcome data. There was no significant between-group difference in the change in GDS scores at the end of treatment (estimated marginal mean difference: −1.01 [95% CI: −2.88 to 0.86]; p = 0.287). Secondary analyses showed significant improvements in several outcomes after 8 weeks and at follow-up in both treatment arms. Conclusions: Our data suggest that LLD-specific CBT and a supportive unspecific treatment both provide clinical benefit in patients with moderate to severe LLD without evidence for superiority of LLD-CBT.
A Psychological Intervention Program for Patients with Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Xu Tianjiao , Tao Fengying , Dong Ping , Wang Haixia , Shi Zhongying
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Cerebral infarction is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases. The sequelae caused by cerebral infarction, including limb paralysis, crooked mouth corners, language barriers, etc., seriously affect the patient’s physical and mental health and enthusiasm for rehabilitation training. Therefore, psychological intervention has important positive significance for the rehabilitation and nursing of patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: This is a single-blind controlled study. 168 patients with cerebral infarction who met the inclusion criteria and visited our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were randomly divided into a control group (n = 84) and an intervention group (n = 84). The patients in the intervention group received an additional 3-month psychological treatment on the basis of the patients in the control group. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) were measured before and after the psychological intervention. Results: The 3-month psychological intervention we designed significantly reduced the NIHSS and HAMD scores of patients with cerebral infarction compared with traditional rehabilitation care for cerebral infarction, implying that our psychological intervention courses can improve patients’ cognitive function and suppress patients’ depression. Consistently, our psychological intervention also significantly improved ADL and MMSE scores 3 months after the onset of cerebral infarction patients, implying that this psychological intervention helped patients recover their daily functions relative to conventional care. Conclusion: Psychological intervention can be used as an adjunct therapy in the treatment and nursing of patients with cerebral infarction.
Avaliação dos sintomáticos respiratórios no Pronto-Socorro do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP: baixo índice de suspeita de tuberculose pulmonar
Authors: Sano Clarissa Mayumi , Félix Taís Barbosa , Mentone Daniel Lagos , Shout Denise , Okamoto Valdelis Novis , Carvalho Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de
Published: March 2023

Pela importância do diagnóstico precoce da tuberculose pulmonar, a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS)preconiza a investigação de todos os sintomáticos respiratórios através da baciloscopia de escarro. Objetivo: Determinara porcentagem de sintomáticos respiratórios investigados com baciloscopia de escarro no PS-ICHC. Métodos: Foirealizado um estudo transversal revisando todos os atendimentos do PS-ICHC em fevereiro/2000, sendo identificados os sintomáticos respiratórios (tosse produtiva por 3 semanas ou mais). Determinamos, através da ficha clínica e do laboratório, a porcentagem desses pacientes investigados com baciloscopia de escarro. Resultados: Foram selecionadas 55 das 14.780 fichas avaliadas. Entre os 52 sintomáticos respiratórios, foi solicitada baciloscopia de escarro para apenas 9 (16,4%). Desses, 3 tinham tuberculose (33,3%). Conclusão: Apesar da recomendação da OMS, apenas 16,4% dos sintomáticos respiratórios foram investigados com baciloscopia de escarro na amostra estudada do PS- ICHC.
Síndromes dolorosas dos membros superiores
Authors: Yeng Lin Tchia , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Picarelli Helder , Okane Sérgio Yoshimasu , Romano Miriam Aparecida , Benegas Eduardo , Franco Regina Aparecida , Azze Ronaldo J. , Andrade Daniel Ciampi Araújo de
Published: March 2023

Dor é comum nos membros superiores. Várias são as razões de sua ocorrência quer em afecções músculo-esqueléticas,dermatológicas, vasculares, neuropáticas ou viscerais torácicas e cervicais concorrem para sua ocorrência nos membros superiores. Os dados de história e de exames clínicos e, quando necessário, os exames subsidiários possibilitam diagnóstico preciso na maioria dos casos. Dentre as condições acarretam dor nos membros superiores destacam-se as afecções músculo-esqueléticas, especialmente a síndrome dolorosa miofascial. O tratamento da condição primária e o uso de medidas analgésicas especialmente de medicamentos antiinflamatórios ou opióides, psicotrópicos, medicina física, psicoterapia e, quando necessário, intervenções neurocirúrgicas funcionais aliviam na maioria dos casos.
Dorsalgias
Authors: Stump Patrick , Forni José Eduardo Nogueira , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Souza Fábio Pires de , Miura Tania Tiemi
Published: March 2023

As mais freqüentes razões das dorsalgias são as afecções músculo-esqueléticas incluindo as síndromes dolorosas miofasciais da musculatura regional das lesões traumáticas, inflamatórias, degenerativas, tumorais ou constitucionais da coluna vertebral, seguindo-se a dor referida de afecções vertebrais e as neuropatias. Os dados de história clínica e de semiologia e a adequada interpretação dos exames complementares possibilitam diagnóstico na maioria dos casos. O tratamento consiste da remoção dos fatores causais, do uso de medicações analgésicas, antiinflamatórias e ou opióides, psicotrópicos, miorrelaxantes, medidas de medicina física e, em poucos casos, de procedimentos neurocirúrgicos, ortopédicos ou de cirurgia torácica.
Dor torácica
Authors: Gal Patrícia Liliane Marie , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira*, Clement Haman Jacobsen , Bergel Rubens Hirsel , Teixeira William Gemio Jacobsen
Published: March 2023

Várias são as causas de dor torácica. Dentre elas destacam-se as visceropatias, as neuropatias e as músculo-esqueléticas. Apesar de muito freqüentemente visceropatias serem as razões da dor torácica aguda ou aguda intermitente, as afecções músculoesqueléticas e neuropáticas parecem também representar contigente significativo das razões de dor torácica. Portanto, além da investigação destinada à identificação de anormalidades viscerais, a avaliação das condições músculo-esqueléticas e neurológicas é necessária, especialmente em casos de dor torácica crônica. As intervenções terapêuticas destinadas ao tratamento da dor músculoesquelética incluem medicamentos analgésicos e adjuvantes, procedimentos de medicina física e de psicoterapia. Intervenções neuroanestésicas e neurocirúrgicas são raramente necessárias para o controle da dor torácica.
Dor nos membros inferiores
Authors: Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Yeng Lin Tchia , Fernandes Túlio Diniz , Hernandez Arnaldo José , Romano Miriam Aparecida , Forni José Eduardo Nogueira , Amatuzzi Marco
Published: March 2023

Dor é fenômeno comum nos membros inferiores. Várias são as razões de sua ocorrência. Afecções músculo-esqueléticas,dermatológicas, vasculares, neuropáticas ou viscerais abdominais. Destacam-se as músculo-esqueléticas, especialmente as síndromes dolorosas miofasciais. Os dados de história e de exame clínico e, quando necessário, os exames subsidiários possibilitam diagnóstico preciso na maioria dos casos. O tratamento da condição primária e o uso de medidas analgésicas especialmente de medicamentos antiinflamatórios ou opióides, psicotrópicos, medicina física, psicoterapia e, quando necessário, intervenções neurocirúrgicas funcionais aliviam a dor na maioria dos casos.
Síndromes dolorosas músculo-esqueléticas em crianças
Authors: Okada Massako , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Mori Eduardo
Published: March 2023

Síndromes dolorosas acometendo o aparelho locomotor e representadas principalmente pela artrite reumatóide juvenil,dores de crescimento, fibromialgia primária, síndrome complexa de dor regional são comuns em pediatria. Os dados de anammese, os antecedentes e o exame físico proporcionam a identificação dessas condições na maioria dos casos. O tratamento específico de cada uma dessas condições associadamente às medidas analgésicas e de reabilitação proporciona melhora da maioria dessas condições
Realização de Papanicolaou em profissionais de saúde
Authors: Silva Ana Cláudia Camargo Gonçalves da , Bloch Leila David , Freitas Filho Marco Antonio Paes de , Eluf Neto José
Published: March 2023

A abordagem mais efetiva para a redução da morbidade e mortalidade do câncer de colo uterino é o rastreamento por citologia cervical (Papanicolaou). Este estudo transversalteve como objetivo avaliar a realização e o conhecimento sobre o teste de Papanicolaou em auxiliares de enfermagem. Os indivíduos foram selecionados de modo aleatório entre profissionais que trabalham no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, com idade entre 40 e 69 anos. Foi aplicado um questionário semi-estruturado em 95 auxiliares de enfermagem (média de idade - 46,7 anos, desvio-padrão - 5,5). Noventa mulheres(94,7%) haviam realizado o teste como rastreamento. Quanto à finalidade do exame, somente 39 (41,0%) apontaram a detecção ou a prevenção do câncer de colo de útero. Por outro lado, 91 das (95,8%) auxiliares acreditam que o Papanicolaou deveria ser colhido com periodicidademenor ou igual a 1 ano, e 45 (47,4%) com seis meses ou menos. Conclusão: Apesar da maioria das auxiliares de enfermagem terem conhecimento parcial a respeito da finalidade do Papanicolaou, a prática deste teste é mais elevada do que na população geral. Além disso, essas profissionais de saúde consideram que a freqüência de realização do exame deveria ser bem maior do que a preconizada.
Cultura de condrócitos humanos para tratamento de lesões cartilaginosas
Authors: Neto Nuberto Teixeira , Tostes Marcelo D. O. A. , Grillo Victor Augusto Thome , Paggiaro André , Carrasco Solange , Ferreira Marcos Castro
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho apresenta como objetivo testar o cultivo de condrócitos por um método não enzimático. Para isto, foram isolados condrócitos de cartilagem costal humana pelo método de explante primário, em que as células migraram da cartilagem e se aderiram ao fundo do frasco de cultura. Posteriormente, pelo método de imunofluorescência indireta dosou-se a capacidade de produção de colágeno tipo II pelos condrócitos isolados, a fim dese avaliar a capacidade das células de produzirem matriz extracelular para demonstrar a manutenção das capacidades fisiológicas das células isoladas em culltura.Desta forma,pela bioengenharia abre-se a possibilidade de criar cartilagem in vitro para substituir um tecido lesado, o qual não é capaz de se regenerar. O explante é um método simples e barato que permite o isolamento de condrócitos humanos. Comprovou-se que os condrócitos cultivados mantém sua capacidade fenotípica de produzir colágeno tipo II. Deste modo, comprova-se que as células isoladas produzem matriz extracelular típica do tecido cartilaginoso e são potencialmente utilizáveis para tratamento de lesões cartilaginosas.
Saúde mental na Atenção Primária: (des)encontros entre enfermeiros e pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia
Authors: Rosa Débora Cristina Joaquina , Lima Daiane Márcia de , Peres Rodrigo Sanches
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: compreender o imaginário coletivo sobre pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia por parte de enfermeiros inseridos na Atenção Primária, com foco em suas possíveis reverberações no tocante à atenção em saúde mental. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, orientada pelo método investigativo psicanalítico, desenvolvida junto a 15 enfermeiros. O instrumento utilizado foi o Procedimento de Desenho-Estória com Tema, e os dados coletados foram interpretados psicanaliticamente visando à captação dos campos de sentido. Resultados: no imaginário coletivo da maioria dos participantes, ocupa lugar central a crença de que o acompanhamento de pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia é responsabilidade exclusiva de profissionais e/ou serviços de saúde “especializados”, o que aparentemente atravessa, de modo marcante, os (des)encontros que se estabelecem entre os enfermeiros e os referidos pacientes. Conclusão: essa crença é incompatível com os preceitos da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira e com o papel a ser desempenhado, na Atenção Primária, pelos enfermeiros.
Corpo real e animado em Chris the Swiss
Authors: Teixeira Rafael Tassi
Published: March 2023

Este artigo procura discutir os recursos narrativos usados na animação em uma narrativa fílmica baseada em histórias de testemunhos de guerras do século XX. É analisada a obra fílmica Chris the Swiss, da ilustradora e cineasta Anja Kofmel, estabelecendo como principal argumento a utilização de materiais animados para mobilizar e elaborar aspectos do passado traumático, característica que tem surgido com certa frequência no cinema-documentário contemporâneo. Para tanto, discute-se autores(as) mais recentes sobre documentário de animação junto à análise fílmica apresentando como principal enfoque o uso da animação ao definirem discursos sensíveis a própria natureza da imagem cinematográfica.
Judicialisation of the Sea: An Elaboration of Our Argument and Its Merits
Authors: McLaughlin Mitchell Sara , Owsiak Andrew P.
Published: March 2023

In a previous article, we theorised that courts cast a shadow that changes the bargaining behaviour of potential litigant States. When two States prefer the same judicial forum under Article 287 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC), they have fewer maritime disputes, more peaceful negotiations, and less need for judicial dispute settlement. This article elaborates on several aspects of our argument including (i) differences in legal and social science perspectives, (ii) generalizability to other courts and regions, (iii) the clarity of judicial decisions, (iv) whether accepting the same judicial forum through Article 287 declarations matters, (v) conflict management as a process, (vi) how domestic legal traditions influence Article 287 declarations, and (vii) the possibility of selection or heterogeneous effects. Our discussion helps to address some of the criticisms raised in the AJIL Unbound (2021) forum on our article and presents avenues for future analyses.
Hydraulic architecture of crown in three Brazilian species
Authors: Pereira Lopes Olívia , Buttò Valentina , Rossi Sergio , Zanatto Bruna , Angeles Guillermo , Longui Eduardo Luiz
Published: March 2023

The hydraulic limitation hypothesis postulates an increase in resistance to water conductivity as trees become taller. Accordingly, we expect that the hydraulic architecture of trees shares a close relationship with the crown architecture and that anatomical traits can directly or indirectly influence hydraulic conductivity. The aim of this work was to investigate the variations in vessels, hydraulic properties and wood density of three native Brazilian tree species. We selected 40-year-old Balfourodendron riedelianum, Cariniana legalis and Handroanthus vellosoi trees and measured maximum vessel length, specific hydraulic conductivity, the percentage loss of conductivity, leaf hydraulic conductivity, and density of branches at three different positions of the crown. Variability in anatomical and hydraulic properties was mostly explained by differences between species, while small differences were related to the position of the branch along the crown-position gradient. Within the measured variables, only the maximum vessel length differed between one crown position and the other. We posit that poor differences between anatomical and hydraulic positions in the crown-position gradient could be related to sample positions within the crown, which were relatively close to each other, with branches having similar ages and diameters. Our findings demonstrate that despite growing in the same environment and having the same age, our species deploy contrasting carbon allocation and hydraulic species-specific strategies. These strategies mirror different growth performances resulting from a different trade-off between hydraulic capacity and safety.
Political Thought and Race Ideas in Brazil: Oliveira Vianna and Gilberto Freyre
Authors: Passos Eduardo Schmidt
Published: March 2023

This article engages in a comparative study of political ideas to understand the influence of different race ideas in political thought and institutions. In the early 20th century, two Brazilian social scientists dealt with this problem in their interpretations of Brazilian socio-political reality. The jurist and sociologist Oliveira Vianna, equipped with the positive science of his time, analyzed Brazilian racial heterogeneity through the lenses of biology and social psychology and proposed an authoritarian technocracy to solve Brazil’s political problems. Contrary to this interpretation, the sociologist and anthropologist Gilberto Freyre proposed a cognitive revolution by discrediting racist theories and forging a new self-representation of Brazilian society as an “ethnic democracy.” This comparison shows how Freyre’s ideas are relevant in overcoming racial prejudice and understanding the formation of Brazilian democracy and collective identity.
Diurnal MCSs Precede the Genesis of Tropical Cyclone Mora (2017): The Role of Convectively Forced Gravity Waves
Authors: Chen Xingchao , Leung L. Ruby , Feng Zhe , Yang Qiu
Published: March 2023

A novel high-resolution regional reanalysis is used to investigate the mesoscale processes that preceded the formation of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Mora (2017). Both satellite observations and the regional reanalysis show early morning mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) persistently initiated and organized in the downshear quadrant of the preexisting tropical disturbance a few days prior to the genesis of TC Mora. The diurnal MCSs gradually enhanced the meso-α-scale vortex near the center of the preexisting tropical disturbance through vortex stretching, providing a vorticity-rich and moist environment for the following burst of deep convection and enhancement of the meso-β-scale vortex. The regional reanalysis shows that the gravity waves that radiated from afternoon convection over the northern coast of the Bay of Bengal might play an important role in modulating the diurnal cycle of pregenesis MCSs. The diurnal convectively forced gravity waves increased the tropospheric stability, reduced the column saturation fraction, and suppressed deep convection within the preexisting tropical disturbance from noon to evening. A similar quasi-diurnal cycle of organized deep convection prior to TC genesis has also been observed over other basins. However, modeling studies are needed to conclusively demonstrate the relationships between the gravity waves and pregenesis diurnal MCSs. Also, whether diurnal gravity waves play a similar role in modulating the pregenesis deep convection in other TCs is worth future investigations.

Significance Statement

Tropical cyclogenesis is a process by which a less organized weather system in the tropics develops into a tropical cyclone (TC). Observations indicate that thunderstorms occurring prior to the tropical cyclogenesis often show a distinct quasi-diurnal cycle, while the related physical mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we used a novel high-resolution dataset to investigate the diurnal thunderstorms occurring prior to the genesis of TC Mora (2017). We find that the pregenesis diurnal thunderstorms played a crucial role in spinning up the circulation of the atmosphere and provided a favorable environment for the rapid formation of Mora. It is likely that gravity waves emitted by afternoon thunderstorms over the inland region were responsible for regulating the diurnal variation of pregenesis thunderstorms over the ocean.
AERONET-OC LWN Uncertainties: Revisited
Authors: Cazzaniga Ilaria , Zibordi Giuseppe
Published: March 2023

The Ocean Color Component of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET-OC) aims at supporting the assessment of satellite ocean color radiometric products with in situ reference data derived from automated above-water measurements. This study, applying metrology principles and taking advantage of recent technology and science advances, revisits the uncertainty estimates formerly provided for AERONET-OC normalized water-leaving radiances LWN. The new uncertainty values are quantified for a number of AERONET-OC sites located in marine regions representative of chlorophyll-a-dominated waters (i.e., Case 1) and a variety of optically complex waters. Results show uncertainties typically increasing with the optical complexity of water and wind speed. Relative and absolute uncertainty values are provided for the various sites together with contributions from each source of uncertainty affecting measurements. In view of supporting AERONET-OC data users, the study also suggests practical solutions to quantify uncertainties for LWN from its spectral values. Additionally, results from an evaluation of the temporal variability characterizing LWN at various AERONET-OC sites are presented to address the impact of temporal mismatches between in situ and satellite data in matchup analysis.
A Multivariable Convolutional Neural Network for Forecasting Synoptic-Scale Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the South China Sea
Authors: Miao Yonglan , Zhang Cuicui , Zhang Xuefeng , Zhang Lianxin
Published: March 2023

The sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) plays a key role in climate change and extreme weather processes. Usually, SSTA forecast methods consist of numerical and conventional statistical models, and the former can be seriously influenced by the uncertainty of physical parameterization schemes, the nonlinearity of ocean dynamic processes, and the nonrobustness of numerical discretization algorithms. Recently, deep learning has been explored to address forecast issues in the field of oceanography. However, existing deep learning models for ocean forecasting are mainly site specific, which were designed for forecasting on a single point or for an independent variable. Moreover, few special deep learning networks have been developed to deal with SSTA field forecasts under typhoon conditions. In this study, a multivariable convolutional neural network (MCNN) is proposed, which can be applied for synoptic-scale SSTA forecasting in the South China Sea. In addition to the SSTA itself, the surface wind speed and the surface current velocity are regarded as input variables for the prediction networks, effectively reflecting the influences of both local atmospheric dynamic forcing and nonlocal oceanic thermal advection. Experimental results demonstrate that MCNN exhibits better performance than a single-variable convolutional neural network (SCNN), especially for the SSTA forecast during the typhoon passage. While forecast results deteriorate rapidly in the SCNN during the passage of a typhoon, forecast errors in the MCNN can be effectively restrained to slowly increase over the forecast time due to the introduction of the surface wind speed in this network.
Vancomycin-Induced Leukopenia and Neutropenia: Time Will Tell
Authors: Nguyen Nam , Ayyad Ahlam
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Neutropenia is an uncommon adverse effect associated with prolonged vancomycin therapy. Methods: This was a case report on a 62-year-old African American male with hypertension, paranoid schizophrenia, and a history of polysubstance abuse developed foot osteomyelitis. The patient was initially maintained on intravenous Vancomycin & Ceftriaxone for ~3 weeks but adjusted to Daptomycin & Ceftriaxone while in hospital due to neutropenia. Patient’s neutropenia quickly resolved once discontinuation of Vancomycin occurred. Results: Vancomycin is a potential cause of drug induced leukopenia and neutropenia. Monitoring of leukocytes and neutrophils is warranted in patients receiving long term intravenous Vancomycin therapy. Conclusion: Vancomycin is a bactericidal glycopeptide antibiotic with activity against gram-positive organisms such as Staphylococci. Well-known adverse drug events include nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Vancomycin-induced neutropenia on the other hand is less common and reported at lower rates. It is defined as an ANC less than 1000 µL in patients maintained on Vancomycin infusions. According to Black et al, neutropenia is more likely associated with prolonged therapy; generally occurring at least 20 days after initiation.
Analysis of density-dependent bead and cell structure of expanded polypropylene bead foams from X-ray computed tomography of different resolution
Authors: Koch Ilja , Preiß Gina , Müller-Pabel Michael , Grüber Bernd , Meuchelböck Johannes , Ruckdäschel Holger , Gude Maik
Published: March 2023

Closed-cell bead foams with their hierarchical geometrical structure are a challenge for statistical reconstruction and finite element modelling. For the purpose of providing the fundamental micro- and meso-structural descriptors - wall thickness, cell as well as bead volume and sphericity - of expanded polypropylene bead foams of different density, 3D-images from X-ray computed tomography are analyzed. A detailed description of development and application of an image analysis methodology for the determination of feature distributions from CT-scans of different level of detail is provided. The methods are based on off-the-shelf algorithms provided by the open-source package distribution FIJI. It should be highlighted, that beside essential methods such as thresholding, euclidean distance and watershed transformation here the Trainable WEKA segmentation is applied for separating material phases in the images. Although the methods elaborated are generally very case sensitive, the reader benefits from the validation strategies applied, so that development of individual methods into the direction of reliability, repeatability and automation is supported.
Building Dynamic Capabilities and Organizational Resilience in Tourism Firms During COVID-19: A Staged Approach
Authors: Prayag Girish , Jiang Yawei , Chowdhury Mesbahuddin , Hossain Muhammad Ismail , Akter Nasrin
Published: March 2023

Using dynamic capabilities (DCs) and the disaster/crisis management cycle (DMC) as the theoretical lens, this study explores how different types of DCs build and sustain organizational resilience of tourism firms during COVID-19. Taking a processual view, the study advances theorization of the relationship between DCs and organizational resilience in tourism studies. A qualitative study of 30 owners and senior managers of tourism and hospitality firms in Bangladesh reveals that threats and opportunities presented by the COVID-19 pandemic activated 10 different types of DCs (replicating, integrating, reconfiguring, creating, developing, assimilating, renewing, adaptive, innovative, and regenerative) across the pre, response (short-term) and future recovery intentions (long-term) stages. DCs activated different resilience facets (networks and relationships, leadership and culture, and change ready), highlighting the criticality of achieving planned and adaptive resilience for tourism firms during COVID-19. Response and recovery implications for tourism firms during disruptive events are suggested.
In Defense of Doom and Gloom: Science, Sensitivity, and Mobilization in Teaching about Climate Change
Authors: Obach Brian K.
Published: March 2023

Given the profound social implications of climate change, this subject is increasingly important for a broad range of sociology classes. Sociology instructors who address the subject of climate change face a dilemma. Presenting too grim of a portrait risks fostering psychological distress and withdrawal from action to address climate change, whereas downplaying the magnitude of the crisis can provide false assurance that the situation is well in hand and that urgent action is unnecessary. I argue that educators must be sensitive in their presentation of the issue but forthright, even as the scientific evidence indicates that the social impacts of climate change are grim. This does not necessarily foster withdrawal and inaction. Social movement theory suggests that political participation is not primarily a rational pursuit based on calculated outcomes. Educators can inspire climate action by providing students with opportunities and support to do so.
The diagenesis and evolution of conglomeratic reservoirs in the Wutonggou Formation in the Yingyeer area
Authors: Wei Shengyun , Wang Jianguo , Guo Xuezhong , Liu Yanguang , Bian Kai , Cai Lina , Xing Jia , Hu Jian , Wang Zhinan
Published: March 2023

The conglomeratic reservoirs of the Permian Wutonggou Formation in the Yingyeer area of the Turpan–Hami Basin are key petroliferous horizons, with enormous potential for hydrocarbon exploration. Existing studies on the conglomeratic reservoirs in this area mainly focus on the sedimentary environment and sand body distribution, while few of them concern the diagenesis and evolution of the conglomeratic reservoirs, leading to deficient knowledge about relevant mechanisms. By comprehensively utilizing the data from ordinary and casting thin section identification, the x-ray diffraction analysis of whole rock and clay, scanning electron microscopy, and other analyses and assays, this study analyzed and investigated the petrological characteristics, diagenetic types, and characteristics, and diagenetic evolutionary stages and mechanisms of the conglomeratic reservoirs of the Permian Wutonggou Formation in the Yingyeer area. The study results are as follows. Under the influence of sedimentary provenances, tectonic evolution, and paleogeomorphology, the conglomeratic reservoirs of the Permian Wutonggou formation have low clastic grain maturity and low structural maturity, suggesting proximal provenances. The reservoirs are subjected to various diagenesis, including carbonate cementation, which fills pores and throats; compaction as a major factor leading to poor reservoir quality, and dissolution, which significantly improves the reservoir properties. The conglomeratic reservoirs in the Wutonggou formation are generally in substage A of the middle diagenetic stage. The diagenetic evolution of the reservoirs generally underwent early mechanical compaction, calcite precipitation, secondary quartz overgrowth, the injection of organic fluids, the dissolution of feldspars and lithic grains, the transformation of clay minerals, and calcite cementation in sequence. Hydrocarbon charging mainly occurred during the late Middle Jurassic and was greatly influenced by early compaction and dissolution.
U.S. Middle and High School Teacher Attributions of Externalizing Student Behavior
Authors: Carroll Margaret , Baulier Katie , Cooper Caitlin , Bettini Elizabeth , Greif Green Jennifer
Published: March 2023

Teachers’ attributions of student behavior are associated with the decisions they make about how to respond to behavior problems and support their students. This exploratory study investigates teachers’ attributions of student externalizing behavior, how attributions vary as a function of teacher and school characteristics, and the association of those attributions with teachers’ perceived likelihood of referring students to mental health services or implementing punitive discipline. We provided a sample of U.S. secondary school teachers ( N = 426) a vignette depicting a student with oppositional defiant disorder and asked them to describe what was happening with the student. Attributions were categorized as internal to the student (e.g., mental health), external (e.g., problems at home), both (internal and external), and neutral (e.g., “normal teen behavior”). Results indicated the majority of teachers attributed vignette behavior to external factors. Results suggest that teachers indicating both internal and external attributions had increased likelihood of providing a mental health referral. Teacher and school characteristics were also associated with attributions. Results provide support for the importance of considering teachers’ attributions of student behavior and the association of these attributions to pathways into mental health services.