bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBAYUN SEBAGAI TOKOH ADAT SASAK DI KELAS IBU DALAM PERENCANAAN PERSALINAN KE TENAGA KESEHATAN DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Hanafi Fachrudi
Published: April 2020

Latar belakang : Selama ini kegiatan di kelas ibu hamil hanya dihadiri oleh ibu hamil tanpa didampingi oleh keluarga atau pendamping lainnya sehingga saat selesai mengikuti kelas ibu, ibu hamil mengalami kesulitan dalam membuat keputusan untuk perencanaan persalinannya. Dalam penelitian budaya ini peneliti mencoba mengikutsertakan pembayun yang merupakan tokoh adat sasak yang menjadi tokoh sentral dalam suatu upacara perkawinan adat sasak lombok dalam mendampingi ibu hamil di kelas ibu untuk ikut membantu ibu hamil dalam memantabkan perencanaan persalinan ke tenaga kesehatan. Tujuan: mengetahui pendampingan pembayun dalam kelas ibu dalam perencanaan persalinan ke tenaga kesehatan. Metode: Rancangan penelitian adalah pre dan post test design with control yang merupakan jenis quasi experiment. Sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 4 klas ibu yang diambil dari masing-masing wilayah puskesmas. Peserta kelas ibu yang didampingi pembayun terdiri atas 10 ibu hamil dan 3 pembayun, sedangkan peserta kelas ibu yang tidak didampingi pembayun terdiri atas 10 ibu hamil dan 10 keluarga terdekat. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan peserta dan wawancara mendalam pada ibu hamil untuk mendapatkan komitmen pembayun. Hasil: Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan semua peserta kelas ibu sesudah pelaksanaan kelas ibu. Semua ibu peserta melahirkan di tempat pelayanan kesehatan baik di RS, puskesmas dan bidan praktek swasta. Wawancara mendalam diperoleh bahwa sebagian besar ibu yang didampingi pembayun melahirkan ke tenaga kesehatan atas kemauan sendiri berdasarkan dari perencanaan yang telah dibuat bersama pembayun saat mengikuti kelas ibu. Ibu hamil yang didampingi pembayun menyatakan bahwa kemauan untuk melahirkan ke tenaga kesehatan selain karena informasi yang didapatkan saat di kelas ibu juga karena anjuran pembayun saat kunjungan ke rumah yang merupakan bentuk komitmen pembayun. Disamping itu para ibu ini juga menganggap bahwa pembayun merupakan orang yang ditokohkan atau menjadi panutan di masyarakat sehingga apapun yang disampaikan saat kunjungan rumah itu akan selalu diikuti. Kesimpulan: pendampingan pembayun pada semua ibu hamil memberikan pengaruh berupa semua ibu peserta melahirkan ke tenaga kesehatan.
DETEKSI MALARIA FALCIFARUM DENGAN METODE IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST (ICT)
Authors: Wati Herlina
Published: April 2020

Immunochromatographic test (ICT) digunakan dalam bentuk uji strip yang mengandung antibodi monoklonal. Uji ini berdasarkan deteksi antigen yang dikeluarkan oleh parasit malaria, yaitu PfHRP II. Prinsip ICT adalah mendeteksi antigen yang dikeluarkan plasmodium dan selanjutnya akan terjadi reaksi kompleks antigen-antibodi pada bahan nitroselulose acetat dimana komplek tersebut diberi monoklonal antibodi (Mab) yang berlabel zat warna (colloidal gold) sebagai penanda, sehingga muncul suatu tanda berupa garis yang menyatakan hasil positif untuk Plasmodium falciparum, atau negatif. Interpretasi hasil pemeriksaan ICT, yaitu hasil negatif jika terlihat garis kontrol (C) saja, hasil positif jika 2 garis (C dan T) terlihat dan hasil invalid jika garis kontrol (C) tidak muncul.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО–ВРЕМЕННАЯ ОБРАБОТКА СЛОЖНОГО ШИРОКОПОЛОСНОГО СИГНАЛА НА ОСНОВЕ ГАРМОНИЧЕСКОГО РАЗЛОЖЕНИЯ
Authors: Pakhomov S.A. , Shostak S.V.
Published: April 2020

Для оценки направления на морской объект рассмотрено формирование пространственно-временногосигнала в приемной эквидистантной линейной антенной решетке в условиях плоского волнового фронта поляакустического давления, создаваемого сложным широкополосным сигналом. Модель формирования спектра информационного сигнала на выходе отдельного гидрофона антенной решетки представлена векторно-матричным уравнением в аддитивной смеси с шумом гидроакустического канала. Для оценивания такого сигнала применены методы линейного оценивания в спектральной области, позволяющие получить несмещенныеоценки с минимальной дисперсией. Найдена матрица весовых коэффициентов, с помощью которой шумовыекомпоненты отдельного гидрофона (приемного канала) приводятся к белому шуму с минимальной дисперсией.При суммировании спектров гидрофонов антенной решетки пространственно-временной сигнал на ее выходе определен с помощью оценок отдельных информационных сигналов гидрофонов и их остаточного шума сразной дисперсией. Минимальное значение дисперсии выходного шума антенной решетки получено на основании ковариационной матрицы остаточного шума. Предлагаемый оптимальный метод оценки направленияприхода сигнала от морского объекта на антенную решетку позволяет отказаться от избыточного числа еелиний задержки при одновременном значительном уменьшении влияния шума гидроакустического канала.

The paper considers the estimation of the direction tothe marine objects by dealing with the formation of a spacetimesignal on the receiving equidistant linear antenna arrayin conditions of the flat wavefront of the acoustic pressurefield generated by a complex broadband signal. The modelof spectrum shaping of the information signal at the outputof a separate hydrophone of the antenna array is derived bythe vector-matrix equation in the additive mix with the noiseof the underwater acoustic channel. The estimation of sucha signal was performed by methods of linear evaluation inthe spectral domain, allowing to get unbiased estimates withthe least dispersion. The noise components of each separatehydrophone (receiving channel) are reduced to white noisewith minimal dispersion using the calculated weightingmatrix. The resulting space-time signal at the output of theantenna array obtained by the summing spectrums of all ofthe hydrophones can be determined by the estimation of theseparate information signals of each array element and itsresidual noise with different variance. The minimal value ofthe noise variance at antenna array output was obtained basedon the covariance matrix of the residual noise. The proposedoptimal method of the estimation of angle-of-arrival of thesignal from the remote marine object on the antenna arrayallows substantially decreasing both the number of its delaylines and the influence of the underwater acoustic channelnoise.
Clinical Study Start-Up: Overview of the Process and Expected Challenges
Authors: Barabash Olena
Published: April 2020

Start-up phase is the base of any project at any type of businesses, and CROs are not an exception.Initially, the emphasis was concentrated on conducting the study, with little attention paid to study start-ups (SSUs), but as stakeholders become more and more aware that the effectiveness of SSU processes is directly related to shorter clinical periods, interest in this opportunity is growing. SSU covers a lot of activities starting from sites identification and completing the enrollment of the first patient - in between this includes site selection and pre-study visits, trial documents submission to competent authorities, contract and budget execution,vendors approval and setup,site activation,site initiation visits and, at last, enrolling the first patient. Each step has multiple components and requires utmost care and attention to minimize the likelihood of study delivery delays from the beginning.
Pemahaman Konsep Sistem Koloid Hasil Pembelajaran Menggunakan Metode Diskusi Berbantuan LKS Pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Manuhing Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018
Authors: Awi Awi , Meiliawati Ruli , Wahyutami Sri
Published: April 2020

Diskusi merupakan metode pembelajaran menggunakan percakapan ilmiah oleh beberapa orang yang tergabung dalam satu kelompok untuk saling bertukar pendapat tentang suatu topik masalah, atau sama-sama mencari pemacahan mendapatkan jawaban dan kebenaran suatu masalah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pemahaman konsep sistem koloid hasil pembelajaran menggunakan metode diskusi berbantuan LKS pada siswa kelas XI-IPA SMA Negeri 1 Manuhing Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA-2 SMA Negeri 1 Manuhing yang berjumlah 30 orang siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa soal tes pemahaman konsep (pretes dan postes) berbentuk essay sebanyak 3 soal, lembar keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, lembar pengamatan aktivitas siswa dan angket respon siswa. Data pemahaman konsep diperoleh dari hasil tes tertulis berupa essay yang diberikan sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran menggunakan metode diskusi berbantuan LKS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemahaman konsep siswa pada kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Manuhing tahun ajaran 2017/2018 tentang sistem koloid setelah pembelajaran menggunakan metode diskusi berbantuan LKS rata-rata sebesar 81,5. Perubahan pemahaman konsep siswa pada setiap konsep sesudah pembelajaran menggunakan metode diskusi berbantuan LKS yaitu: (1) Menjelaskan perbedaan suspensi kasar, larutan sejati dan koloid sebesar 2,96% menjadi sebesar 77,03%; (2) Menjelaskan jenis-jenis koloid berdasarkan fese terdispersi dan fase pendispersi sebesar 4,44% menjadi sebesar 69,62%; (3) Menjelaskan sifat-sifat koloid (effek tyndall, gerak brown) sebesar 25% menjadi sebesar 100%.
Pemahaman Konsep Struktur Atom Setelah Pembelajaran Menggunakan Model Discovery Learning Berbantuan LKS pada Siswa Kelas X MIA-1 SMA Negeri 1 Paku
Authors: Indraniyati Indraniyati , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul , Asi Nopriawan Berkat
Published: April 2020

Model Discovery Learning merupakan nama lain dari pembelajaran penemuan. Sesuai dengan namanya, model ini mengarahkan siswa untuk dapat menemukan sesuatu melalui proses pembelajaran yang dijalaninya. Siswa diarahkan untuk terbiasa menjadi saintis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pemahaman konsep struktur atom: partikel penyusun inti atom, nomor atom, nomor massa, isotop, isoton, dan isobar. Setelah pembelajaran menggunakan model Discovery Learning berbantuan LKS pada Siswa Kelas X MIA-1 SMA Negeri 1 Paku, Barito Timur TahunAjaran 2017/2018. Penelitian ini melibatkan 25 siswa kelas X MIA-1 SMA Negeri 1 Paku, Barito Timur. Data hasil pemahaman konsep siswa diperoleh melalui pemberian tes tertulis berbentuk essay (uraian) terhadap siswa sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan model Discovery Learning, lembar pengamatan pengelolaan pembelajaran, lembar aktivitas belajar siswa menggunakan rubrik penilaian aktivitas kelompok. Data dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pemahaman konsep siswa sudah benar menuliskan dan menjelaskan simbol atom sebagai lambang unsur yang dilengkapi dengan nomor atom dan nomor massa berjumlah 80%. Mendeskripsikan pengertian nomor atom (jumlah proton) sebagai identitas suatu unsur berjumlah 77,33%. Mendeskripsikan pengertian nomor massa sebagai jumlah proton dan neutron dalam suatu inti atom berjumlah 68%. Menuliskan  nomor massa, jumlah proton, jumlah neutron, jumlah elektron pada unsur yang diketahui notasinya berjumlah 69,33%, menjelaskan pengertian isotop, isobar, isoton berjumlah 74,66%. Rata-rata pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi struktur atom berjumlah 73,86%.
The Involvement of Bacteria in the Failure of a Carbon Steel Pipe
Authors: Tunaru Mariana , Dinu Alice
Published: April 2020

In the raw water a lot of bacteria who play an important role in the corrosion of steels are present. These bacteria may initiate or accelerate corrosion processes because they are able of inducing localized changes in the aqueous environment, in terms of pH and oxygen concentration, destroying protective layers or creating corrosive deposits. This paper presents a study on the involvement of bacteria in the degradation of a pipe from raw water cooling system. Microbiological analysis of sampled sludge from internal surface of pipe emphasized the existence of some microorganisms: heterotrophic aerobe bacteria, iron oxidizing bacteria and sulphate-reducing bacteria. Investigation techniques of microbiologically influenced corrosion included metallographic analysis of the surface and X-ray diffraction analysis of samples taken from existing deposits. The results emphasized that the change of environmental chemistry under the developed biofilm by the bacteria, together with the corrosive products as a result of the metabolic activity of the bacteria, influenced the perforation of the pipeline.
Exocyclic Enamines of Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines Generated by 1,3-dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Benzimidazolium Ylides to Activated Alkynes
Authors: Nicolescu Alina , Georgescu Emilian , Dumitrascu Florea , Georgescu Florentina , Teodorescu Florina , Draghici Constantin , Caira Mino R. , Deleanu Calin
Published: April 2020

The reactions of N-acetonylbenzimidazolium chlorides with various activated alkynes, in the presence of bases, led under mild conditions to a mixture of pyrrolo[1,2-a]benzimidazoles (3), 4-methylene-pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline derivatives (4) and pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalin-4-one derivatives (5). The exocyclic enamine derivatives 4 have been fully characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. A mechanism rationalizing the formation of the enamine derivatives is proposed.
Research Regarding Crude Chemical Composition and Heavy Metal Content of Some Ecological Forages Utilised in Dairy Cows Nourishment
Authors: Nacu Gherasim , Aioanei Nadia , Pop Ioan Mircea , Simeanu Daniel , Boisteanu Paul-Corneliu , Vintila Vasile , Mintas Olimpia , Simeanu Cristina , Avarvarei Bogdan-Vlad
Published: April 2020

Kowing the importance of utilised food for milk obtaining, in the current paper we determine the chemical composition of a natural meadow and green mass alfalfa cultivated in ecological and conventional systems, utilised for dairy cows feeding. Were analysed the content in: dry matter DM (%), crude ash C.Ash (%), organic substance OS (%), crude protein CP (%), crude cellulose CC (%), non-nitrogenous extractive substances NES (%), neutral detergent fibre NDF (%), acid detergent fibre ADF (%), Ca (%), P (%), heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu - ppm), nitrates, nitrites and pesticides. Analysis were realised in two consecutive production years, for each indicator being made 5 determinations. Samples gathering and analysis were effectuated in according with standards and enshrined working methods. Differences between crude chemical composition of forages obtained in ecological system and the ones obtained by conventional agriculture had statistical significance (from significant � p ≤ 0.05 � to very significant � p ≤ 0.001) for the majority of indicators. Differences between those two production systems were insignificant only for crude fat (both forages), crude cellulose (alfalfa), non-nitrogenous extractive substances (both forages) and for acid detergent fibre (alfalfa). Both forages were safety regarding pollutants (heavy metals, nitrites, nitrates and pesticides), existing however statistically differences between those two production systems, in the favour of ecological
Compositional Simulation of Gas Condensate Wells from Tintea � ASTRA Field
Authors: Mhanna Ayham , Dinu Florinel , Avram Lazar , Halafawi Mohamed
Published: April 2020

The main aim of this article is to simulate the performance of gas condensate wells utilizing compositional model. Compositional simulation model is done for available data of three drilled wells A, B, and C of this field. P-T diagrams of wells A, B, and C of various critical pressures and temperatures, and various cricondentherm, and cricondenbar are constructed. Results show that composition varies significantly as a function of fluid phase behavior and producing sequence; condensate recovery can be improved with proper producing strategy, and productivity loss can be reduced by changing the producing sequence. Additionally, well A yields the liquid phase (gasoline with condensation traces) due to the present of C7 + C8 components in the mixture starting with the exit of the gases from the choke and up to the separator. However, wells B and C do not yield the liquid phase along the entire tubing path traveled by the extracted gases from the producing zone to the heater of the wells B and C.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ADVANCED COMPOSITE SYSTEM FORM FOR CONSTRUCTABILITY IMPROVEMENT THROUGH A DESIGN FOR SIX SIGMA PROCESS
Authors: Lee Dongmin , Kim Taehoon , Lee Dongyoun , Lim Hyunsu , Cho Hunhee , Kang Kyung-In
Published: April 2020

System form is widely used when constructing concrete buildings and structures because it has high productivity and good concrete casting quality compared with traditional hand-set form. However, from a worker’s perspective, system form is still very harsh to handle because of its heavy weight, noise generation, and use of releasing agent, and it also attenuates the productivity of system formwork. Therefore, this study proposes the use of an advanced composite material-based concrete form for workers using a Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) process to improve constructability of system formwork. User requirements are systematically reflected in the technical characteristics of concrete form, and innovative principles are scientifically organized through the DFSS process that mainly consists of quality function deployment and theory of creative problem-solving methods. The proposed composite form showed improved performance in deriving high-quality formwork and worker-friendly working conditions compared with previous system forms. Additionally, this study demonstrated how the DFSS will be a valuable tool for technology development and systematic decision-making in building construction.
Multiple X-line Reconnection Observed in Mercury’s Magnetotail Driven by an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
Authors: Zhong J. , Lee L. C. , Wang X. G. , Pu Z. Y. , He J. S. , Wei Y. , Wan W. X.
Published: April 2020

How magnetic reconnection drives Mercury’s magnetospheric dynamics under extreme solar wind conditions is not well understood. Here we report MESSENGER observations of an active reconnection event in Mercury’s magnetotail driven by an interplanetary coronal mass ejection on 2011 November 23. The primary Hall magnetic field, sequential passage of X-lines with Hall field perturbations, and flux ropes (FRs) provide unambiguous evidence of multiple X-line reconnection in an unstable ion diffusion region. In addition, large FRs consisting of multiple successive small-scale FRs are ejected tailward at quasi-periodic intervals of ∼1 minute, which is comparable to the Dungey cycle time. We propose that these large FRs are generated by the interaction and coalescence of multiple ion-scale FRs. This is distinct from the commonly accepted Earth-like substorm process where plasmoids are created by widely separated X-lines in the magnetotail. These observations suggest that during extreme solar wind conditions multiple X-line reconnection may dominate the tail reconnection process and control the global dynamics of Mercury’s magnetosphere.
Recognition and Management of Emergent Spinal Pathology Among First-Line Providers
Authors: Johnson Joseph R. , Babu Jacob M. , Durand Wesley M. , Eltorai Adam E. M. , Patel Shyam A. , Daniels Alan H.
Published: April 2020

Spinal emergencies require prompt identification, management, and surgical referral (if needed) from first-line providers. Diagnostic delays from a failure to recognize emergency conditions can lead to adverse patient outcomes. The objective of this study was to understand the proficiency with which first-line providers can recognize and manage spinal conditions, particularly spinal emergencies. This was a cross-sectional analysis of 143 internal medicine, family medicine, emergency care, and neurology questionnaires collected at a single-site academic center. Participants were predominantly physicians (88.1%, n=126), with a smaller percentage of midlevel providers (11.9%, n=17). Only 35.0% (n=50) of respondents felt “very prepared” to handle spinal emergencies. Bivariate analyses revealed interdepartmental differences in clinical knowledge pertaining to the management of lumbar radiculopathy (
P
<.0001), epidural abscess (
P
=.0002), and cervical myelopathy (
P
<.0001). Following pairwise comparisons of interdepartmental differences, emergency medicine statistically outperformed internal medicine (
P
=.0007) and neurology (
P
<.0001) on initial management of lumbar radiculopathy, while also having markedly higher success in identifying and managing epidural abscess with respect to family medicine (
P
<.0001). The likelihood of appropriate initial treatment of cervical myelopathy was significantly higher for neurology than for emergency medicine (
P
<.0001). A minority of first-line providers reported being very prepared to handle spinal emergencies. Disparities exist between first-line provider specialties regarding clinical knowledge in managing and proficiently identifying emergent and nonemergent spinal conditions. Because appropriate handling of emergent spinal pathologies is essential to patient outcomes and optimal resource use, measures should be taken to further educate first-line providers regarding the spinal conditions they will be treating. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(4):e244–e250.]
Unintended Retention of Temporary Articulating Spacers in the Treatment of Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infection
Authors: Lee Kyung-Jae , Min Byung-Woo , Bae Ki-Cheor , Cho Chul-Hyun , Son Eun-Suk , Lee Si-Wook , Lee Seok-Jung , Kang Mi-Kyung
Published: April 2020

A considerable number of patients who underwent a 2-stage exchange protocol for periprosthetic hip joint infection could not complete the second-stage reimplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of unintended retention of temporary articulating spacers for the treatment of periprosthetic hip joint infection. Ninety-four patients with infection after total hip arthroplasty were treated by using a 2-stage exchange protocol with temporary articulating spacers. Of the 94 patients, 35 did not complete the 2-stage exchange protocol and retained spacers for more than 12 months. The authors retrospectively investigated the clinical and radiographic results after a mean follow-up of 36.1 months. Thirty-one patients had well-healed wounds without recurrent infection and did not receive further surgery for any reason (success group). Spacers were revised in 2 patients, and the other 2 patients underwent incision and debridement because of recurrent infection (failure group). There were no statistical differences between the 2 groups in terms of demographics or presence of resistant organisms. After 3 years of follow-up, temporary articulating spacers functioned well in 89% of the patients who retained them. These results support that retention of temporary articulating spacers could be considered an alternative treatment option for select patients. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(4):e251–e257.]
Ojkonimi na ‑ycja v Ukrajini
Authors: Bučko Dmytro
Published: April 2020

V članku avtor obravnava ukrajinske ojkonime na ‑ycja, zlasti z ozirom na tvorbo krajevnih imen po tem modelu, na njihov odnos do imen vodnih objektov kot tudi na izpeljavo in strukturo obravnavanih enot.
Imenoslovje in etimologija imen
Authors: Čop Dušan
Published: April 2020

V prispevku avtor skuša razložiti, na kaj je treba pri etimologiji imen predvsem paziti: treba je do zadnjih podrobnosti poznati narečje in pokrajino, kjer so imena, ki jih raziskujemo, ter zbrati čim več primerov (tudi iz drugih dežel). Prav tako je treba poznati zgodovino kraja, zgodovinske dokumente. Pogosto so lahko odločilne drobne narečne posebnosti. Ob slovanskih imenskih značilnosti pa je pri številnih imenih treba upoštevati tudi križanje z romanskimi in germanskimi.
Dve slovanski narečni coni
Authors: D. Klimčuk Fjodar
Published: April 2020

Po nekaterih lastnostih se slovanski narečni kontinuum deli na dve coni – severno in južno. Kot osnova za tako delitev je vzeta različna realizacija soglasnikov *d, *t, *z, *s, *n pred *e,*i, іn samoglasnikov *i, *y. Obstajajo govori z različno stopnjo prehodnosti. V nekaterih govorih se je ohranil arhaični model, ki je blizu praslovanskemu.
Slovenska besedila v Arhivu Železne županije v Sombotelu pred 1919
Authors: Kozar‑Mukič Marija
Published: April 2020

V obravnavanih besedilih je ohranjena stara knjižna prekmurščina, ki so jo uporabljali tudi prekmurski pisci od začetka 18. stoletja. Besedni zaklad teh piscev je zbran v Slovarju stare knjižne prekmurščine Vilka Novaka. S tem je avtorica primerjala zgodovinsko‑narečna besedila, ohranjena v Županijskem arhivu v Sombotelu, v katerih je izrazje strokovno, uradovalno.
Trubarjev Philopatridus Illyricus
Authors: Novak France
Published: April 2020

V sestavku avtor kritično obravnava slovenski prevod Trubarjevega psevdonima Philopatridus Illyricus z izrazoma rodoljub ilirski in se odpoveduje svoji nekdanji domnevi, da se nanaša na Matijo Vlačića Ilirika.
Narečno besedilo kot vir za imenoslovno raziskavo
Authors: Škofic Jožica
Published: April 2020

V članku je prikazano, katere podatke različnih jezikovnih ravnin je mogoče pridobiti s t. i. (delno) anketno metodo ob enkratnem obisku pri narečnem govorcu z intervjujem, ki informanta ne omejuje v njegovem pripovedovanju, ampak mu omogoča, da ob odgovarjanju na deloma vnaprej pripravljena vprašanja sledi tudi svojim asociacijam in se sproščeno razgovori. Osrednji del razprave prinaša analizo okrog 100 tako zbranih (gorenjskih) mikrotoponimov, tu predstavljenih v obliki slovarskih člankov.
Frazeologija v prozi Josipa Jurčiča
Authors: Rojs Jurij Emanuel
Published: April 2020

članku so obravnavani različni tipi frazeoloških struktur v prozi Josipa Jurčiča. Osrednje mesto predstavljajo glagolski frazemi. Najpogostejši so frazemi s strukturo pridevnik + samostalnik. Približno enako je tudi število religioznih frazemov. Frazeološke strukture so podane glede na besednovrstno uvrstitev sestavin.
Hrvaška frazeologija Antice Menac
Authors: Rojs Jurij
Published: April 2020

V knjigi so predstavljeni avtoričini pogledi na hrvaško frazeologijo, ki jo proučuje/raziskuje že skoraj pol stoletja. To je najboljša hrvaška predstavitev frazeologije doslej in poleg hrvaških frazemov navaja še ruske, nemške, angleške, francoske in italijanske. Dodani sta še razpravi o hrvaški frazeologiji renesančnega pesnika Petra Hektorovića in baročnega mojstra besede Ivana Gundulića.
Metaforična pomenotvornost z vidika sintagmatike
Authors: Snoj Jerica
Published: April 2020

Metafora se običajno pojmuje kot zlasti paradigmatsko določena danost, in to na osnovi asociativnosti, ki metaforo vsebinsko omogoča. Pri eksaktni obravnavi metafore kot leksikalnopomenske danosti pa so v ospredju zlasti sintagmatska razmerja, kar se kaže na več ravneh: pri povezovanju pomenskih sestavin v metaforično izpeljanih pomenih, pri povezovanju besed v metaforičnem pomenu v besedne zveze in pri oblikovanju stavčne povedi, v kateri se uresničuje leksikalizirana metafora.
Razvoj algoritma za samodejno prepoznavanje krajšav in krajšavnih razvezav v elektronskih besedilih
Authors: Kompara Mojca
Published: April 2020

Namen prispevka je predstaviti razvoj algoritma za samodejno prepoznavanje krajšav in krajšavnih razvezav v slovenskih elektronskih besedilih. Prepoznavanje krajšav poteka na leksikalni oz. besedni ravni z opazovanjem lastnosti krajšav in krajšavnih razvezav ter sovpadanja. Algoritem prepozna krajšave na podlagi pravil za prepoznavanje, razvezave pa išče v sobesedilu ob upoštevanju pravil sovpadanja. V prispevku predstavljamo algoritem na podlagi filtriranja petih letnikov dnevnika Delo, s katerim v 30 minutah izluščimo 5820 kandidatov za krajšavno-razvezavne pare, ki so potem ročno čiščeni. Natančnost algoritma je 96,75-odstotna.
K problematiki palatalizacije velarov v stari frizijščini
Authors: Repanšek Luka
Published: April 2020

Osnovni namen članka je celostna predstavitev starofrizijske palatalizacije podedovanih velarov *k, *g in *γ, pri čemer se posebna pozornost posveča problematičnim mestom, ki izkazujejo njen izostanek.
Proto-Slavic Derivational Patterns of Secondary Imperfective Verbs
Authors: Šekli Matej
Published: April 2020

This article discusses Proto-Slavic derivational patterns of secondary imperfective verbs, both prefixed and unprefixed, from the Proto-Slavic synchronic point of view. Their immediate word-formational bases are prefixed and unprefixed perfective verbs; the latter being basic verbs, whereas the former are formed from unprefixed imperfective basic verbs with a prefix. The derivational patterns are presented within single classes of basic verbs, which, according to their lexical or word-formational meaning, are imperfective or perfective. Special attention is drawn to the vowel gradation alternations in root syllables accompanying derivation.
Word-formation challenges in dialectology studies: Slovenian Linguistic Atlas, volume 1, and Semantic-Derivational Dictionary, volumes 1 and 2
Authors: Stramljič Breznik Irena
Published: April 2020

The selection of related lexemes connected with ‘man’ is a contact point for works such as the Slovenian Linguistic Atlas, volume 1 (SLA 1) and the Serbian Semantic-Derivational Dictionary (SDR), volumes 1 and 2, even though they have a completely different design. This comparison may prove useful for future work on the SLA in terms of selecting lexemes; in addition, it provides word-formation challenges to Slovenian dialectology research, which on the one hand proceeds from the model of the word-family structure of the Serbian SDR, and on the other from the potential offered for this type of approach by the dialectology material already collected in the SLA.
Accentual features of o-declension masculine nouns in the local dialects of Dolnje Mraševo and Gorenje Mraševo
Authors: Mirtič Tanja
Published: April 2020

This article presents the stress-position, tonemic, and quantitative features of masculine o-declension nouns in the Lower Carniolan local dialect of the villages of Dolnje Mraševo and Gorenje Mraševo. Accentual features are presented and examined within the context of the three Proto-Slavic accent paradigms determined by Christian S. Stang. A list of masculine o-declension endings is also provided together with an explanation of their origin.
Normative Information in Dictionaries
Authors: Dobrovoljc Helena
Published: April 2020

This article explores the idea of the norm in standard written Slovenian. The historical background of the terms normative-informative dictionary and normative dictionary is presented and a proposal is made for compiling a central Slovenian language database as a starting point for a dictionary.
Predavanje na tisočem sestanku Lingvističnega krožka Filozofske fakultete v Ljubljani dne 14. januarja 2013
Authors: Orešnik Janez
Published: April 2020

V tej predstavitvi zgodovine krožka bo več govora o starejšem obdobju v razvoju krožka, saj smem domnevati, da ve večina poslušalcev ravno o tem vidiku razmeroma malo. Še meni, ki sem vstopil na fakulteto kot slušatelj leta 1954, kot asistent pa 1961, ni znano prav vse, vendar morda več kot večini. Seveda bi kdo poudarke nadaljevanja razvrstil drugače kot jaz. Najbrž edini, ki bi iz zgodovine krožka utegnil prispevati res še kaj bistvenega, pa je romanist prof. dr. Mitja Skubic.
Razvoj pridevniških sklanjatev v kontekstu zgodovinskih in arealnih vidikov
Authors: Šivic‑Dular Alenka
Published: April 2020

V članku so razčlenjeni elementi, ki so vplivali na nastanek inovativne akcentske paradigme za nedoločne pridevnike (slovenščina, narečno) in morda prav tako prvotno za nedoločne pridevnike (hrvaščina, čakavski oziroma čakavsko-kajkavski govori).
L’identité en face à face
Authors: Fhima Catherine
Published: April 2020

L’article interroge l’identité à partir de l’étude du cas de l’écrivain Max Jacob et d’une configuration d’écrivains, juifs et français, entre 1890 et 1930. Conduite par l’idée que le concept d’« identité » ne gagne une valeur heuristique dans les sciences humaines et sociales qu’à la condition majeure d’être confronté à celui d’« altérité », la réflexion se fonde sur une méthode inductive permettant de dégager des principes d’analyse : l’identité ne peut être référée que par rapport à un processus historique et à un contexte spécifique évitant tout jugement classificatoire préétabli ; l’identité provient et procure du « trouble » ; elle est le produit d’interactions entre moi et tu et nous, vous et eux ; ce faisant, à la confluence des rapports entre individualités et modes d’être collectifs, elle est principe d’action. Ainsi, dans le cas d’écrivains, l’identité entraîne-t-elle un mode d’écrire soumis à une obligation de novation et au désir de marquer leur place en faisant œuvre singulière.
Facebook favorise-t-il la désinformation et la polarisation idéologique des opinions ?
Authors: Figeac Julien , Salord Tristan , Cabanac Guillaume , Fraisier Ophélie , Ratinaud Pierre , Seffusatti Fanny , Smyrnaios Nikos
Published: April 2020

L’article présente une analyse des réseaux d’échanges d’informations mis en place au sein de Facebook par les principales communautés politiques françaises lors de la campagne présidentielle de 2017. Il montre que ces communautés développent des logiques de partage d’information profondément homophiles, sur un plan idéologique, dans la mesure où elles font majoritairement circuler au sein de leurs pages Facebook des articles produits par des sources d’information alignées sur leurs orientations politiques respectives. Seuls les groupes liés à l’extrême droite se démarquent en suivant une logique davantage susceptible de polariser les opinions et de renforcer les convictions. Ils développent en effet des pratiques d’information qui agencent une bulle de désinformation où circulent en boucle de nombreux contenus produits par des sources d’information peu fiables. Nous interprétons ces résultats en défendant l’idée selon laquelle les groupes politiques tendent à s’inscrire dans ce type de processus de polarisation et de désinformation quand ils s’approprient Facebook pour échanger des points de vue critiques et contre-hégémoniques en espérant ainsi atteindre le centre du débat public en contournant les médias mainstream.
The South African Female Entrepreneurship Context
Authors: Mutereko Sybert
Published: April 2020

For a long time, women have been excluded from economic activities in male-dominated organizations and patriarchal society. Therefore, due to this factor, their participation in economic activities such as employment and entrepreneurial initiatives has been a subject of scholarship for some time. Drawing on institutional and feminist theories, this chapter argues that feminist entrepreneurship should consider the emerging economies as heterogeneous regions with unique contexts that affect the entrance into and performance in entrepreneurial activities. Any entrepreneurship scholarship that conflates the different regions and contexts within which female entrepreneurs are found, underplays the nuances that affect them through a compressive use of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Global Entrepreneurship Development Institute databases. This chapter illustrates how the South African context enables, as well as impedes, women from total entrepreneurial activity. While current regulative institutions are in place, the number of women entering TEA and flourishing is still low.
Re-Centering Culture in Development Administration in Africa
Authors: Akinola Olabanji , Ogunbowale Mopelolade Oreoluwa
Published: April 2020

The role of culture in development remains controversial in the literature. However, within the African context, both historically and in contemporary times, arguments vilifying culture remain rife. This continues a process of decentering culture from the discourse and practice of development on the continent. This chapter argues against this trend and calls for a recentering of culture as a positive element in the administration of development in Africa. Drawing on the Nigerian experience, the chapter provides some remedies for the country in particular and the rest of Africa in general. The chapter maintains that without bringing culture back into the practice of development on the continent, current developmental challenges are likely to persist into the future.
Creating a Development Bank to Finance Affordable Housing in South Africa is a Timely Catalyst to Address Demand and Supply Challenges
Authors: Moss Vuyisani
Published: April 2020

The twin problems of affordability and accessibility that hamper the progress of housing in our country need to be addressed on a sustainable basis and the state needs to take on the role as a facilitator to create the enabling environment to encourage greater private sector participation. As a consequence, it is quite opportune to establish the Human Settlements Development Bank (HSDB). The mortgage finance affordability challenge is also attributable to key essential drivers, namely; house price index, disposable income, and the mortgage interest rates.
Depression, Healing, and Recovery From Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Doering Lynn V. , Moser Debra K. , Lemankiewicz Walter , Luper Cristina , Khan Steven
Published: April 2020

• Background Effects of postoperative depression on recovery from coronary artery bypass grafting have not been widely studied.

• Objectives To evaluate emotional and physical recovery after bypass surgery and investigate associations between depressive symptoms and infections and impaired wound healing in patients with high and low levels of depressive symptoms.

• Methods A nonrandomized, comparative, longitudinal design was used to study 72 bypass surgery patients without serious noncardiac comorbidities who were available for follow-up after discharge. Patients completed questionnaires to assess depressive symptoms, emotional recovery, and physical recovery within 48 hours after extubation, at discharge from the hospital, and 6 weeks later and performed 6-minute walk tests at the last 2 times. Infections and impaired wound healing (as indicated by positive cultures, antibiotic treatment, or extra treatments, such as debridements or incisions and drainage) were identified by chart audit.

• Results At discharge, patients with higher depressive symptom scores (indicating more symptoms) reported poorer emotional recovery (P < .001) and poorer physical recovery (P = .007) and achieved shorter walking distances (P<.001) than did patients with lower scores (indicating fewer symptoms). Six weeks after discharge, emotional and physical recovery remained lower in patients with more depressive symptoms (P < .001). Infections and impaired wound healing were more common among patients with higher depressive symptom scores (46%) than among patients with lower scores (19%, P=.03).

• Conclusions After bypass surgery, depressive symptoms are associated with infections, impaired wound healing, and poor emotional and physical recovery.
Improving Oral Care in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Cutler Constance J. , Davis Nancy
Published: April 2020

• Background Comprehensive oral care is an evidence-based prevention strategy to reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Until recently, no comprehensive guidelines or standards existed to define necessary tasks, methods, and frequency of oral care to provide patients with optimal results.

• Objectives To observe current practice of, define best practice for, and measure compliance with standardized comprehensive oral care.

• Methods This observational study was part of a larger research study performed at 5 acute care hospitals. Time blocks of 4 hours were randomized over 8 intensive care units and the 7 days of the week. Baseline data were collected before implementation of multifaceted education on an oral-cleansing protocol; interventional data were collected afterward.

• Results Oral care practices were observed for 253 patients. During the baseline period, oral cleansing was primarily via suction swabs. Toothbrushing and moisturizing of the oral tissues were not observed. Only 32% of the patients had suctioning to manage oral secretions. During the interventional period, 33% of patients had their teeth brushed, 65% had swab cleansing, and 63% had a moisturizer applied to the oral mucosal tissues. A total of 61% had management of oral secretions; 38% had oropharyngeal suctioning via a special catheter.

• Conclusions Implementation of an evidence-based oral cleansing protocol improved the care of patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Multifaceted education and implementation strategies motivated staff to increase oral care practices.
Activities Performed by Acute and Critical Care Advanced Practice Nurses: American Association of Critical-Care Nurses Study of Practice
Authors: Becker Deborah , Kaplow Roberta , Muenzen Patricia M. , Hartigan Carol
Published: April 2020

• Background Accreditation standards for certification programs require use of a testing mechanism that is job-related and based on the knowledge and skills needed to function in the discipline.

• Objectives To describe critical care advanced practice by revising descriptors to encompass the work of both acute care nurse practitioners and clinical nurse specialists and to explore differences in the practice of clinical nurse specialists and acute care nurse practitioners.

• Methods A national task force of subject matter experts was appointed to create a comprehensive delineation of the work of critical care nurses. A survey was designed to collect validation data on 65 advanced practice activities, organized by the 8 nurse competencies of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses Synergy Model for Patient Care, and an experience inventory. Activities were rated on how critical they were to optimizing patients’ outcomes, how often they were performed, and toward which sphere of influence they were directed. How much time nurses devoted to specific care problems was analyzed. Frequency ratings were compared between clinical nurse specialists and acute care nurse practitioners.

• Results Both groups of nurses encountered all items on the experience inventory. Clinical nurse specialists were more experienced than acute care nurse practitioners. The largest difference was that clinical nurse specialists rated as more critical activities involving clinical judgment and clinical inquiry whereas acute care nurse practitioners focused primarily on clinical judgment.

• Conclusions Certification initiatives should reflect differences between clinical nurse specialists and acute care nurse practitioners.
Effect of a Specialized Pediatric Institutional Setting on Organ Recovery From Potential Donors
Authors: Donkin Marcella , Kolovos Nikoleta , Checchia Paul A.
Published: April 2020

• Background The relationship between accessibility to the full range of subspecialty care available at freestanding pediatric hospitals and organ donor management and recovery rates has not been studied.

• Objective To examine current rates of recovery of organs from children for transplantation at free-standing pediatric hospitals versus all other hospitals.

• Methods Data from the hospitals served by Mid-America Transplant Services from January 2000 to July 2003 were reviewed. Organ recovery rates from freestanding children’s hospitals were compared with the rates from other types of institutions. Patients were included if their organs were considered medically suitable at the time of referral for donation.

• ResultsOverall, 66% (210/318) of the potential organs were recovered. The type of institution in which the potential donor was managed did not influence the proportion of organs recovered: 67% (96/144) at freestanding children’s hospitals versus 66% (114/174) at all other hospitals. A greater proportion of livers were recovered at other donor institutions than at children’s hospitals (100% vs 85%, P≤.01).

• Conclusion The organ recovery rate from potential pediatric donors is low. In general, this rate does not appear to be affected by the type of managing pediatric institution except for liver recovery, which favors institutions that are not freestanding children’s hospitals. The low rate of recovery suggests that although suitable donors are identified, appropriate referrals are made, and families provide consent for donation, major obstacles remain to the successful recovery of organs.
Os fascismos italiano e alemão - bases sociais e ideológicas e dinâmica geopolítica
Authors: Silva Marcos Aurélio Da
Published: April 2020

A partir de uma problematização da categoria de fascismo “clássico” que aponta para a necessidade de apreensão dos contextos históricos concretos em que se realiza a forma fascista de Estado, o artigo propõe analisar as características do fascismo nas formações sociais italiana e alemã do início do século XX. Pondo em destaque as complexas relações entre os elementos da estrutura social e ideológica presentes em cada uma destas formações sociais, bem como os efeitos geopolíticos que destas relações emerge, o artigo sustenta a tese de que os fascismos italiano e alemão assumiram respectivamente as formas concretas do fascismo débil ou elástico e do fascismo totalitário. Ao final, o artigo esboça um breve resumo da forma assumida pela luta antifascista na formação social italiana, marco das chamadas frentes populares e da democratização a partir de baixo das lutas contra o fascismo, bem como do papel militar que aí cumpriu, a partir da frente Leste, a URSS.
CEJAX - Centro de Educação de Jovens e Adultos de Xaxim-SC: o espaço de alienação para a resistência ou resistência para a alienação no contexto do trabalho na agroindústria
Authors: Skrzypczak Valdir , Monteiro Luiz Paulo , Schlosser Marli Terezinha Szumilo , Flores Carmen Rejane
Published: April 2020

O objetivo do texto é compreender a escolarização/(des)qualificação dos trabalhadores do campo e da cidade, com a chegada dos complexos agroindustriais na região Oeste de Santa Catarina, a partir da educação formal de Jovens e Adultos, voltada para a formação simples e parcial dos trabalhadores. A região possui relação de dependência com grandes agroindústrias, como a Brasil Foods (BRF), a Aurora e a Diplomata Industrial e Comercial Ltda. Os trabalhadores do campo e da cidade, vivenciam uma relação dialética de (des)qualificação, frente ao capital agroindustrial. O texto relatado se utiliza do método do materialismo dialético, no qual capital e trabalho não estão separados, mas unidos dialeticamente na produção capitalista. A área de estudo compreende o município de Xaxim, no Oeste de Santa Catarina, caracterizado pela presença de uma agroindústria de aves, além de um significativo setor de comércio e serviços, voltado para atender, em sua maioria, as necessidades do capital agroindustrial.