bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tauhid: Prinsip Keluarga Dalam Islam (Problem Keluarga Di Barat)
Authors: Amri M. Saeful , Tulab Tali
Published: May 2018

Keluarga adalah suatu struktur dalam masyarakat yang bersifat khusus, saling mengikat satu sama lain. Menurut ajaran Islam, perikatan itu mengandung tanggung jawab dan sekaligus rasa saling memiliki dan saling berharap (mutual expectation). Nilai kasih sayang yang berdasarkan agama menjadikan struktur keluarga memiliki pondasi yang kokoh. sebab struktur keluarga dan Kedudukannya ditentukan oleh hukum Islam dan bukan semata-mata perasaan. Berbeda dengan masyarakat modern yang cenderung berfikir dan bersikap pragmatis, sehingga pernikahan lebih diutamakan sebagai fungsi seksual, reproduksi dan rekreasi. Akibatnya masyarakat Barat modern tengah mengalami polemik besar yaitu masalah keluarga. Ada dua faktor utama atas retaknya sistem sebuah keluarga di Negara modern tersebut. Pertama, sebab pernikahan yang hanya terfokus untuk mencari kesenangan daripada berpikir tentang tanggung jawab. Sehingga banyak keluarga yang bercerai dan mengalami kekerasan dalam rumah tangga Kedua, sebab putusnya sistem keluarga besar yang utuh. Hal tersebut berdampak pada meningginya angka kasus bunuh diri serta pemerkosaan dikalangan remaja akibat kurangnya perhatian dari orang tua dan keluarga. Karenanya masyarakat modern perlu untuk menjadikan Islam sebagai konsep dalam pembentukan keluarga. Sebab sistem dan landasannya berasal dari prinsip Tauhid, yakni menjadikan Tuhan sebagai pembuat aturan untuk dijalankan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
Perjanjan Kawin Sebagai Bentuk Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pasangan Suami Istri (Perspektif Maqashid Syari�ah)
Authors: Susanti Dyah Ochtorina
Published: May 2018

Perjanjian kawin di Indonesia, mengatur tentang harta dalam perkawinan dan harta bawaan dari pasangan suami istri. Fakta empiris menunjukkan bahwa perselisihan pasangan suami istri tidak hanya disebabkan oleh perbedaan harta, akan tetapi juga dipicu sebab lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan dan menganalisa serta memberikan pemahaman bahwa perjanjian kawin sebaiknya tidak saja dilakukan untuk mengatur harta tetapi lebih mengarah kepada hak dan kewajiban serta kepentingan maqashid syari�ah. Kepada pemerintah dan DPR RI, hendaknya mengadakan pembaharuan terhadap susbtansi perjanjian kawin, tidak hanya memuat perjanjian tentang harta saja, melainkan tegas diterangkan bahwa pasangan suami istri dapat melakukan perjanjian kawin diluar perjanjian tentang harta. Hendaknya dibuat aturan tersendiri yang memuat secara tegas tentang perjanjian kawin dengan mempertimbangkan sisi utilities (kemanfaatan) serta berdasar maqashid syari�ah, dan dari sisi kepastian hukum yang bermuara pada jaminan perlindungan bagi pasangan suami istri.
OCCUPATION POLICY OF GERMANY WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF LENINGRAD REGION IN THE FIRST MONTHS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
Authors: Belyankina Valentina Yur'evna , Shabel'nik Nataliya Vyacheslavovna
Published: May 2018

The article examines occupation policy of the German fascist authorities within the temporary occupied territory of Leningrad region in the first months of the Great Patriotic War. The authors pay special attention to the peculiarities of occupation policy in Leningrad region and, relying on archival documents and materials, analyze the Nazis’ activity in different regional districts that were occupied in the first months of the war. The authors identify the basic factors, which seemed to influence German occupation policy within the territory of Leningrad region.
LOGIC OF COGNITION OF HISTORICAL REALITY
Authors: Ioseliani Aza Davidovna
Published: May 2018

The article examines the existing approaches to the definition of social and historical reality. Emphasizing the methods of scientific cognition of history, the author gives a critical assessment of the ideas of A. S. Uibo, analyzes the influence of Marx’s theory of socioeconomic formations and Hegel’s dialectics on the creation of the general theory of the historical process. The comparative analysis of the methods of reconstructive cognition, natural-science theories, the logic of social cognition, and the conceptions of Marxism allows the researcher to conclude that social sciences and the humanities and historical sciences should be differentiated and not opposed to each other. According to the author, this conclusion is conditioned by the way of organizing social and the humanities and historical knowledge, where the hypothesis plays an essential role as a means of theory formation.
PERCEPTION OF THE VISIBLE: RATIO OF THE OPTICAL AND THE TACTILE WITHIN VISUAL STUDIES
Authors: Reutov Anton Sergeevich
Published: May 2018

The article substantiates one of the topical problems of visual research - the problem of ratio of the visual and the tactile. For this, referring to authoritative opinions of modern scientists, the author characterizes visual culture as medial. In a communicative act (even in the visual one), a material object that is present in reality is of great importance. The tactile and the visual work together in the act of perception and are not always easily discernible. On the basis of Gumbrecht’s ideas on changing the methodology of the humanities, the paper explains the process of perception through “production of presence”, juxtaposition of the object and the perceiver.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROSODIC EAR IN THE PROCESS OF THE MUSICIAN’S FORMATION
Authors: Moroz Tat'yana Ivanovna
Published: May 2018

The article deals with prosodic ear as a special kind of musical ear aimed at perception and decoding of the meaningful parameters of music, enabling to penetrate into the subtlest shades of artistic sense. The tendencies in modern musical education directed at the development of prosodic ear in the process of the musician’s formation are considered. The author raises the question of a need for expressive intonation as an important component in the development of prosodic ear in the course of solfeggio, reveals its basic components.
RUSSIAN TOCQUEVILLE STUDIES IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX - AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors: Egorova Svetlana L'vovna
Published: May 2018

Russian Tocqueville studies cover the period from the 1830s till nowadays and are divided into stages; the criterion to identify them is the level of scientific and social interest for Alexis de Tocqueville’s heritage. The years of 1860-1917 are considered as the period of decreasing interest for Tocqueville. The paper tries to reconsider this viewpoint. The state of Russian Tocqueville studies in the second half of the XIX - at the beginning of the XX century - pubic interest for liberalism problems, re-edition of the famous Frenchman’s basic works, representation of his conclusions in fundamental works on Western history, appearance of specialized works devoted to Tocqueville - leads the author to the conclusion on stable interest for Tocqueville himself and his heritage in the mentioned period. Special attention is paid to the works of the young historian of the beginning of the XX century V. A. Butenko, who won reputation of an expert in the history of French liberalism.
Healthcare Startups: Performing a Comprehensive Appraisal of Prospective Investors in Digital Health
Authors: Maristela Joe
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.

Editor’s note: This interview is based on a lecture by Joe Maristela presented in July 2016 during the First-Annual Future of Health: Telemedicine and AI Summit in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Using Telehealth as a Model for Blockchain HIT Adoption
Authors: Bennett Brennan
Published: May 2018

Telemedicine and blockchain technology share a core philosophy of empowering the individual. Blockchain solutions that focus on empowering patients and enhancing the workflows for the providers who treat them continue to make big headlines, as does enterprise investment and adoption of telehealth. Both models focus on direct-to-consumer health services, with a personalized care experience designed from the ground up to save time and money for everyone involved. The typical binding factor between the telehealth and HIT (health information technology) blockchain adoption is a patient centric, value-based care model. Therefore, it is as no coincidence that value-based care is at the center of the fastest growing (and operational) part of HIT blockchain adoption. For this reason, telehealth can demonstrate adoption synergies than most other lines of business in healthcare cannot.
DUYGUSAL EMEK VE TÜKENMİŞLİK İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: KOÇAK Orhan , GÜRSOY Gül Medine
Published: May 2018

Bir işletme ya da kurumda duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik düzeylerinin
doğru olarak belirlenmesi, daha sonra gerçekleştirilecek planlar ve tedbirler,
strateji ve önlemler için önemli bir adım olmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile Yalova
Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı İl Müdürlüğü ve bağlı kuruluşlarında
çalışanların duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya
çıkarılarak, müracaatçı ve hizmet alanlarla olan ilişkilerini tespit etmek ve
sonuçlarına ışık tutmak hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla, Yalova Aile ve Sosyal
Politikalar İl Müdürlüğü ve bağlı kuruluşlarında çalışan 238 çalışana Duygusal
Emek ve Maslach Tükenmişlik ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Anket formalarının 221’i
değerlendirilmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Anketler için yapılan analizler sonucunda,
Yalova Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar İl Müdürlüğü çalışanlarının, duygusal emek
içerisinde ve örgüt yararı için en etkili ve olumsuz sonuçları en az olan
samimi davranışlar gösterdikleri, bu yüzden de tükenmişlik düzeylerinin az
olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Test breve de memoria no verbal para el uso en la práctica neurológica de campo.
Authors: Pilco Janeta Daniel , De La Cruz Puebla Myriam , Guamán Pilco Daisy
Published: May 2018

Introducción: Para realizar la evaluación de afectaciones gruesas de la memoria se necesitan herramientas útiles empleadas en el trabajo de campo de neurología, a fin de que cumplan con varias premisas: Aplicabilidad relativamente sencilla, ajustable por personal no necesariamente calificado e identificación objetiva de trastornos de la función explorada. Objetivos: Valorar el uso del test de figuras abstractas como un test breve de memoria no verbal para uso del neurólogo en el trabajo de campo, además de determinar la validez y confiabilidad del citado test y determinar en base a percentiles los resultados que se deben considerar normales. Metodología: Se seleccionaron 116 personas con salud mental (sin retraso mental, ni ansiedad, ni depresión, sin tratamientos asociados a la memoria, ni antecedentes psiquiátricos, ni neurológicos), constituidas por igual cantidad de hombres y mujeres, entre los 14 y 70 años, e igual distribución por grupos etarios. Las figuras mostradas se evaluaron inmediatamente a los 10 y 30 minutos. Se estudió la consistencia interna (dos observadores y prueba-reprueba), distribución de frecuencia y la validez convergente (correlación con la prueba de figuras complejas de Rey) y la distribución percentil. Resultados: La diferencia al aplicar el test de figuras abstractas por dos observadores, mostró valores no significativos. Similar comportamiento se evidenció entre la prueba y reprueba, con prueba de figuras complejas de Rey. Los resultados en los percentiles mostraron diferencias entre grupos de edades (mayores o menores de 35 años) y entre los sexos. Conclusiones: El test de figuras abstractas es factible de aplicarse en la práctica neurológica, con resultados satisfactorios.

Recibido: 10-09-2017 / Aceptado: 14-11-2017
Editorial Vol.15
Authors: Bhattarai Uttam K
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.
Comparative efficacy of garlic (Allium sativum) and black cumin (Nigella sativa) as growth promoters in broilers
Authors: Jha Prabhat , Singh Namrata , Sah Ramashish , Yadav Jagat Lal , Jha Shyam Shankar
Published: May 2018

A study was conducted to determine the comparative effect of feeding different levels of garlic and black cumin on growth, feed consumption, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics of Hubbard broiler. Two hundred fifty two Hubbard chicks having uniform body weight were randomly allocated into seven dietary treatments with three replications .The isoproteinous and isocaloric formulated standard starter, grower, and finisher diets were supplemented for 6 weeks with different levels of freshly ground dry garlic and black cumin seeds in order of T1-control, T2- 0.25% garlic, T3- 0.5% garlic, T4- 0.75% garlic, T5- 0.25% black cumin, T6- 0.5% black cumin, and T7- 0.75% black cumin, respectively. The results showed significantly higher cumulative weekly live body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio for broiler fed diet supplemented with 0.5% garlic, followed by diet supplemented with 0.5% black cumin. There was no significant effect of different levels of garlic and black cumin supplementation in diet on carcass characteristics. Furthermore, there was minimum gross expenditure in broiler diet supplemented with 0.25% garlic and maximum in broiler diet supplemented with 0.75% black cumin. However, there was highest gross income and net profit in broiler diet supplemented with 0.5% garlic, followed by broiler diet supplemented with 0.5% black cumin. It is therefore, concluded that inclusion of garlic or black cumin in the broiler rations may be used for economical and efficient production of broilers.
Climate change impacts on agriculture and livelihoods in Sirdibas, Manaslu conservation area, Gorkha
Authors: Rai Ashish , Rijal Deepak K
Published: May 2018

This research assesses impacts of climate change in agriculture and livelihood at Sirdibas village, Gorkha district. Apart from the review of literature, analysis of climatic and socioeconomic data, field data were collected using some selected participatory tools techniques and household survey. The analysis revealed an increased trend on mean annual temperature at the rate of 0.05°C/year while annual mean rainfall is increasing at the rate of 0.995 mm/year while the winter rainfall was in decreasing trend. Increased dry spell and rise in temperature have reduced cropping period both for summer and winter crops. An increased productivity of maize, wheat and millet over years has shown a decreasing trend in the recent years, due to intense off season rainfall followed by water logging. Shifting of farming communities to other businesses also decreased crop yield. Out-migrations have caused decreased crop yield. Along with climate change impacts change, government policy and shifting peoples' livelihood options have impacted agriculture.
Where's the Working Class?
Authors: Goodwin Peter
Published: May 2018

From the Communist Manifesto onwards, the self-emancipation of the working class was central to Marx’s thought. And so it was for subsequent generations of Marxists including the later Engels, the pre-WW1 Kautsky, Lenin, Luxemburg, Trotsky and Gramsci. But in much contemporary Marxist theory the active role of the working class seems at the least marginal and at the most completely written off. This article traces the perceived role of the working class in Marxist theory, from Marx and Engels, through the Second and Third Internationals, Stalinism and Maoism, through to the present day. It situates this in political developments changes in the nature of the working class over the last 200 years. It concludes by suggesting a number of questions about Marxism and the contemporary working class that anyone claiming to be a Marxist today needs to answer.
Universal Alienation and the Real Subsumption of Daily Life under Capital: A Response to Hardt and Negri
Authors: Harvey David
Published: May 2018

This contribution is part of a debate between Michael Hardt/Toni Negri and David Harvey on the occasion of Marx’s bicentenary (May 5, 2018). The discussion focuses on the question of what capitalism looks like today and how it can best be challenged. In this article, David Harvey responds to Hardt and Negri’s previous debate-contributions.
Marxist Perspectives on the Global Enclosures of Social Reproduction
Authors: Beier Friederike
Published: May 2018

Women’s unpaid care and domestic work is gaining relevance in policy-making as well as in academia. Feminist scholars and activists have lobbied successfully for the integration of unpaid care and domestic work into the Sustainable Development Goals (Goal 5.4) of the United Nations in the hope for greater recognition of women’s contribution to the economy. Policy documents about social reproduction highlight women’s disproportionate share of reproductive activities as an obstacle to women’s economic empowerment and as a relic of ‘traditional’ gender roles. Social reproduction is thereby not understood as a merit in itself, but as an obstacle to women’s participation in paid labour. Policy implications will enable certain empowerment effects for some women, but at the same time promote the increasing privatization and commodification of reproductive work across the globe. Rising inequalities between the Global North and South and between women along the categories of class and race will be one major result. To theoretically explain such contradictory effects of the recognition of social reproduction, I use the concept of ‘enclosures’ based on Marx’ ‘primitive accumulation’. Feminist scholars use the concept to explain how unpaid care and housework is commodified or de-commodified to integrate women into the paid labour force or to reduce the costs of social reproduction according to the needs of the economy. The sudden interest in unpaid care and domestic work e.g. in the Sustainable Development Goals can therefore be seen as process of double enclosure, which integrates women into the paid labour force, but also sets the grounds for the further commodification of domestic and care work. This paper aims to critically discuss the sudden interest in unpaid domestic and care work and its contradictory effects from a Marxist feminist perspective and reflects on feminist strategies and movements in global governance. After introducing Marxist perspectives on social reproduction, the question if and how feminist ideas and concepts have been appropriated, the effects and implications of global policies on social reproduction and global inequalities, as well as possible counter-strategies will be discussed.
Karl Marx & Communication @ 200: Towards a Marxian Theory of Communication
Authors: Fuchs Christian
Published: May 2018

This contribution takes Marx’s bicentenary as occasion for reflecting on foundations of a Marxian theory of communication. It aims to show that Marx provides a consistent account as foundation for a critical, dialectical theory of communication. The article first discusses the relationship of communication and materialism in order to ground a communicative materialism that avoids the dualist assumption that communication is a superstructure erected on a material base. Second, the paper provides an overview of how Marx’s approach helps us to understand the role of the means of communication and communicative labour in capitalism. Third, it conceives of ideology as a form of fetishised communication and fetishism as ideological communication. Given that communicative capitalism is a significant dimension of contemporary society, it is about time to develop a Marxian theory of communication.
Bloc auriculoventriculaire du troisième degré et infarctus du myocarde à la prise en charge initiale
Authors: Auzou G. , Brunat F. , Clot S. , Rocher T. , Turck J. , Maggio L. , Bollen Pinto B. , Viglino D. , Savary D. , Belle L.
Published: May 2018

Les descriptions de l’incidence, de la gravité et des modalités de prise en charge des blocs auriculoventriculaires du troisième degré (BAV3) compliquant la phase aiguë des infarctus du myocarde, avec sus-décalage du segment ST (STEMI), sont rares et anciennes. Par ailleurs, les modalités de prise en charge des STEMI aigus ont beaucoup évolué. Le but de notre étude est d’évaluer l’incidence, de décrire la gravité et les modalités de prise en charge des BAV3 survenant à la phase aiguë des STEMI dans un contexte contemporain.

Matériel et méthodes : Nous avons réalisé une étude observationnelle rétrospective de la prise en charge des STEMI aigus à partir du registre prospectif des STEMI du Réseau nord alpin des urgences (RENAU) sur les 19 hôpitaux des Alpes du Nord entre 2009 et 2012. Les patients présentant un BAV3 à la phase initiale de leur prise en charge ont été identifiés.

Résultats : Deux mille sept cent neuf patients avec STEMI aigu ont été inclus sur la période d’étude. Cinquante-sept ont présenté un BAV3 (2 %). Cent cinquante-deux des 2 648 patients sans BAV3 (6 %) sont décédés à la phase hospitalière contre 7 des 57 patients (12 %) avec BAV3 (p = 0,047). Parmi les patients en BAV3, un traitement par atropine a été utilisé pour 26 patients et s’est révélé efficace pour (15 %) d’entre eux. L’isoprénaline a été utilisée pour huit patients et a induit une hypotension artérielle pour quatre d’entre eux. Une stimulation ventriculaire droite percutanée a été utilisée pour six patients et a toujours été efficace. Quatorze patients ont été thrombolysés (25 %). Une angioplastie de sauvetage a été nécessaire chez 10 des 14 patients en BAV3 traités par thrombolyse (71 %), comparés aux 325 des 840 patients sans BAV3 traités par thrombolyse (39 % ; p = 0,013).

Conclusion : L’incidence des BAV3 à la phase aiguë des STEMI est faible. Le BAV3 représente un facteur de sévérité. Les stratégies thérapeutiques sont d’efficacité inégale, avec des effets indésirables induits par l’isoprenaline. La thrombolyse chez ces patients est moins efficace.
An application study of low-dose computed tomography perfusion imaging (LDCTPI) in breast cancer and breast fibroadenoma
Authors: Cheng You-Gen , Sun Zong-Qiong , Zhang Hong-Xia , Mao Guo-Qun
Published: May 2018

PURPOSE:

To explore the characteristics of breast cancer and breast fibroadenoma using low-dose computed tomography perfusion imaging (LDCTPI) including specific perfusion parameter values, and seek the potential clinical applications in cancer prognosis assessment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Fifty patients including 30 diagnosed with breast cancer and 20 with breast fibroadenoma, as well as 15 control subjects with normal breasts were studied prospectively using LDCTPI examinations. The acquired volumetric imaging data were used for calculation, mapping and analysis by using a body tumor perfusion protocol in the CT perfusion software to measure 4 parameters: blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and the permeability surface (PS) area product. Statistical data analysis was then performed to distinguish the difference of the 4 parameter values among normal control, breast cancer and breast fibroadenoma cases.

RESULTS:

The mean perfusion values of 15 normal controls were as follows: BF, 20.03±4.08 mL/100 g/min; BV, 4.53±0.95 mL/100 g; MTT, 5.90±0.82 s; and PS, 9.25±1.18 mL/100 g/min. The mean perfusion values of 30 cancer patients were as follows: BF, 56.67±6.59 mL/100 g/min; BV, 5.82±0.68 mL/100 g; MTT, 6.01±0.82 s; and PS, 24.95±5.05 mL/100 g/min. The mean perfusion values of 20 patients with breast fibroadenoma were as follows: BF, 46.24±6.65 mL/100 g/min; BV, 5.07±0.73 mL/100 g; MTT, 7.51±0.62 s; and PS, 16.73±6.48 mL/100 g/min. Comparing the 3 groups, differences were all statistically significant for BF, BV, MTT and PS values ( p < 0.05, respectively); The BF, BV, PS values were highest in group of cancer patients, while the MTT value was highest in group of patients diagnosed with breast fibroadenoma.

CONCLUSION:

Breast CT perfusion imaging is a promising functional imaging technology in breast cancer diagnosis, which can provide valuable quantitative imaging markers to assist evaluation of breast tumors.
Techno, Economic and Environmental Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) System—A Case Study for a University Campus
Authors: Amber Khuram , Day Tony , Ratyal Naeem , Kiani Adnan , Ahmad Rizwan
Published: May 2018

Universities in the United Kingdom that have installed Combined Heat and Power (CHP) technology are making good moves towards achieving their CO2 reduction targets. However, CHP may not always be an economical option for a university campus due to numerous factors. Identification of such factors is highly important before making an investment decision. A detailed technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of CHP is, therefore, indispensable. This study aims to undertake a detailed assessment of CHP for a typical university campus and attempts to highlight the significance of such factors. Necessary data and information were collected through site visits, whereas the CHP sizing was performed using the London South Bank University (LSBU) CHP model. The results suggest that there is a strong opportunity of installing a 230 kW CHP that will offset grid electricity and boilers thermal supply by 47% and 75%, respectively, and will generate financial and environmental yearly savings of £51k and 395 t/CO2, respectively. A wider spark gap decreases the payback period of the project and vice versa. The capital cost of the project could affect the project’s economics due to factors, such as unavailability of space for CHP, complex existing infrastructure, and unavailability of a gas connection.
Unit Commitment Towards Decarbonized Network Facing Fixed and Stochastic Resources Applying Water Cycle Optimization
Authors: ElAzab Heba-Allah I. , Swief R. A. , El-Amary Noha H. , Temraz H. K.
Published: May 2018

This paper presents a trustworthy unit commitment study to schedule both Renewable Energy Resources (RERs) with conventional power plants to potentially decarbonize the electrical network. The study has employed a system with three IEEE thermal (coal-fired) power plants as dispatchable distributed generators, one wind plant, one solar plant as stochastic distributed generators, and Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) which can work either loads or generators based on their charging schedule. This paper investigates the unit commitment scheduling objective to minimize the Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED). To reduce combined emission costs, integrating more renewable energy resources (RER) and PEVs, there is an essential need to decarbonize the existing system. Decarbonizing the system means reducing the percentage of CO2 emissions. The uncertain behavior of wind and solar energies causes imbalance penalty costs. PEVs are proposed to overcome the intermittent nature of wind and solar energies. It is important to optimally integrate and schedule stochastic resources including the wind and solar energies, and PEVs charge and discharge processes with dispatched resources; the three IEEE thermal (coal-fired) power plants. The Water Cycle Optimization Algorithm (WCOA) is an efficient and intelligent meta-heuristic technique employed to solve the economically emission dispatch problem for both scheduling dispatchable and stochastic resources. The goal of this study is to obtain the solution for unit commitment to minimize the combined cost function including CO2 emission costs applying the Water Cycle Optimization Algorithm (WCOA). To validate the WCOA technique, the results are compared with the results obtained from applying the Dynamic Programming (DP) algorithm, which is considered as a conventional numerical technique, and with the Genetic Algorithm (GA) as a meta-heuristic technique.
An EV Charging Scheduling Mechanism Based on Price Negotiation
Authors: Wang Baocheng , Hu Yafei , Xiao Yu , Li Yi
Published: May 2018

Scheduling EV user’s charging behavior based on charging price and applying renewable energy resources are the effective methods to release the load pressure of power grids brought about by the large-scale popularity of electric vehicles (EVs). This paper presents a novel approach for EV charging scheduling based on price negotiation. Firstly, the EV charging system framework based on price negotiation and renewable energy resources is discussed. Secondly, the price negotiation model is presented, including the initial price models and the conditions of transactions. Finally, an EV charging scheduling mechanism based on price negotiation (CSM-PN), including the price adjustment strategies of both the operator and EV users is proposed to seek a final transaction during multi-round price negotiation. Simulation results show that this novel approach can effectively improve the charging station operator’s income, reduce the EV users’ costs, and balance the load of the power grid while improving the efficiency of the EV charging system.
Suicide Prevention Guideline Implementation in Specialist Mental Healthcare Institutions in The Netherlands
Authors: Mokkenstorm Jan , Franx Gerdien , Gilissen Renske , Kerkhof Ad , Smit Johannes
Published: May 2018

In The Netherlands, on average 40% of all suicides concern patients treated by mental healthcare institutions (MHIs). Recent evidence indicates that implemented guideline recommendations significantly reduce the odds for patients to die by suicide. Implementation of the multidisciplinary guideline for diagnosis and treatment of suicidal behaviors is a main objective of the Dutch National Suicide Prevention Strategy. To this end, 24 MHIs that collectively reported 73% of patient suicides in 2015 received an educational outreach intervention offered by the national center of expertise. Aim: To investigate changes in levels of implementation of guideline recommendations; and to assess the degree of variation on suicide prevention policies and practices between MHIs. Methods: Implementation study with a prospective cohort design studying change over time on all domains of a Suicide Prevention Monitor, a guideline-based instrument assessing suicide prevention policies and practices within MHIs. Data were collected in six-month intervals between 2015 and 2017. Results: MHIs improved significantly on four out of ten domains: the development of an organizational suicide prevention policy; monitoring and trend-analysis of suicides numbers; evaluations after suicide; and clinician training. No improvement was measured on the domains pertaining to multi-annual training policies; collaborative care with external partners; recording and evaluation of suicide attempts; routine assessment of suicidality in all patients; safety planning and involving next of kin and carers. Furthermore, marked practice variation between MHIs was found which did not decrease over time. Conclusion: This study shows significant improvement in the implementation of four out of ten guideline-based suicide prevention policies in 24 specialist mental healthcare institutions in The Netherlands. The implementation level of suicide prevention policies and practices still appears to vary significantly between MHIs in The Netherlands.
Association between Peptic Ulcer Disease and Periodontitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Case-Control Study in Taiwan
Authors: Yu Hui-Chieh , Chen Tsung-Po , Wei Chia-Yi , Chang Yu-Chao
Published: May 2018

Previous studies have suggested that peptic ulcer disease (PUD) including stomach and duodenal ulcers might be associated with periodontitis (PD); however, no clear conclusions have been reached thus far. In this retrospective case-control study, we aimed to investigate the association between PUD and PD by using a large population-based dataset in Taiwan. A population-based retrospective case control study was conducted using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 (LHID2010) derived from the National Health Insurance Research database (NHIRD) in Taiwan from 2000 to 2013. The case and control group were matched with gender, age, urbanization level, socioeconomic status, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) by using the propensity score method at a 1:1 ratio. A total of 177,240 cases and 177,240 control patients were included in this study, with an average age of 46.96 ± 11.76 years. The risk of PUD for patients diagnosed with PD was 1.15-fold when compared with those without PD (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12–1.18). This population-based case control study demonstrated a significantly positive association between PUD and PD in Taiwan.
Annexin A1 and Autoimmunity: From Basic Science to Clinical Applications
Authors: Bruschi Maurizio , Petretto Andrea , Vaglio Augusto , Santucci Laura , Candiano Giovanni , Ghiggeri Gian
Published: May 2018

Annexin A1 is a protein with multifunctional roles in innate and adaptive immunity mainly devoted to the regulation of inflammatory cells and the resolution of inflammation. Most of the data regarding Annexin A1 roles in immunity derive from cell studies and from mice models lacking Annexin A1 for genetic manipulation (Annexin A1−/−); only a few studies sought to define how Annexin A1 is involved in human diseases. High levels of anti-Annexin A1 autoantibodies have been reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), suggesting this protein is implicated in auto-immunity. Here, we reviewed the evidence available for an association of anti-Annexin A1 autoantibodies and SLE manifestations, in particular in those cases complicated by lupus nephritis. New studies show that serum levels of Annexin A1 are increased in patients presenting renal complications of SLE, but this increment does not correlate with circulating anti-Annexin A1 autoantibodies. On the other hand, high circulating Annexin A1 levels cannot explain per se the development of autoantibodies since post-translational modifications are necessary to make a protein immunogenic. A hypothesis is presented here and discussed regarding the possibility that Annexin A1 undergoes post-translational modifications as a part of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that are produced in response to viral, bacterial, and/or inflammatory triggers. In particular, focus is on the process of citrullination of Annexin A1, which takes place within NETs and that mimics, to some extent, other autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, that are characterized by the presence of anti-citrullinated peptides in circulation. The description of pathologic pathways leading to modification of Annexin A1 as a trigger of autoimmunity is a cognitive evolution, but requires more experimental data before becoming a solid concept for explaining autoimmunity in human beings.
Transport and Use of Bicarbonate in Plants: Current Knowledge and Challenges Ahead
Authors: Poschenrieder Charlotte , Fernández José Antonio , Rubio Lourdes , Pérez Laura , Terés Joana , Barceló Juan
Published: May 2018

Bicarbonate plays a fundamental role in the cell pH status in all organisms. In autotrophs, HCO3− may further contribute to carbon concentration mechanisms (CCM). This is especially relevant in the CO2-poor habitats of cyanobacteria, aquatic microalgae, and macrophytes. Photosynthesis of terrestrial plants can also benefit from CCM as evidenced by the evolution of C4 and Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM). The presence of HCO3− in all organisms leads to more questions regarding the mechanisms of uptake and membrane transport in these different biological systems. This review aims to provide an overview of the transport and metabolic processes related to HCO3− in microalgae, macroalgae, seagrasses, and terrestrial plants. HCO3− transport in cyanobacteria and human cells is much better documented and is included for comparison. We further comment on the metabolic roles of HCO3− in plants by focusing on the diversity and functions of carbonic anhydrases and PEP carboxylases as well as on the signaling role of CO2/HCO3− in stomatal guard cells. Plant responses to excess soil HCO3− is briefly addressed. In conclusion, there are still considerable gaps in our knowledge of HCO3− uptake and transport in plants that hamper the development of breeding strategies for both more efficient CCM and better HCO3− tolerance in crop plants.
Plant Perception and Short-Term Responses to Phytophagous Insects and Mites
Authors: Santamaria M. Estrella , Arnaiz Ana , Gonzalez-Melendi Pablo , Martinez Manuel , Diaz Isabel
Published: May 2018

Plant–pest relationships involve complex processes encompassing a network of molecules, signals, and regulators for overcoming defenses they develop against each other. Phytophagous arthropods identify plants mainly as a source of food. In turn, plants develop a variety of strategies to avoid damage and survive. The success of plant defenses depends on rapid and specific recognition of the phytophagous threat. Subsequently, plants trigger a cascade of short-term responses that eventually result in the production of a wide range of compounds with defense properties. This review deals with the main features involved in the interaction between plants and phytophagous insects and acari, focusing on early responses from the plant side. A general landscape of the diverse strategies employed by plants within the first hours after pest perception to block the capability of phytophagous insects to develop mechanisms of resistance is presented, with the potential of providing alternatives for pest control.
Acetylation Disfavors Tau Phase Separation
Authors: Ferreon Josephine C. , Jain Antrix , Choi Kyoung-Jae , Tsoi Phoebe S. , MacKenzie Kevin R. , Jung Sung Yun , Ferreon Allan Chris
Published: May 2018

Neuropathological aggregates of the intrinsically disordered microtubule-associated protein Tau are hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease, with decades of research devoted to studying the protein’s aggregation properties both in vitro and in vivo. Recent demonstrations that Tau is capable of undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) reveal the possibility that protein-enriched phase separated compartments could serve as initiation sites for Tau aggregation, as shown for other amyloidogenic proteins, such as the Fused in Sarcoma protein (FUS) and TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43). Although truncation, mutation, and hyperphosphorylation have been shown to enhance Tau LLPS and aggregation, the effect of hyperacetylation on Tau aggregation remains unclear. Here, we investigate how the acetylation of Tau affects its potential to undergo phase separation and aggregation. Our data show that the hyperacetylation of Tau by p300 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) disfavors LLPS, inhibits heparin-induced aggregation, and impedes access to LLPS-initiated microtubule assembly. We propose that Tau acetylation prevents the toxic effects of LLPS-dependent aggregation but, nevertheless, contributes to Tau loss-of-function pathology by inhibiting Tau LLPS-mediated microtubule assembly.
Bibliometric Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Production between 1982 and 2016 Indexed in PubMed
Authors: Consentino Ricardo , Santos Maria João , Matos Luís Carlos , Machado Jorge Pereira
Published: May 2018

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may be understood as a system of sensations and findings designed to establish the functional vegetative state of the body. This state may be treated by several therapeutic methods such as acupuncture, Chinese pharmacotherapy, dietetics, Tuina, and Qigong. Nowadays, as a result of several evidence-based reported beneficial effects over specific pathological conditions, there is an increasing tendency to integrate some of these practices in Western medicine. The main goal of this study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of TCM scientific production between 1982 and 2016 indexed in PubMed, by analyzing several parameters including time and location distribution, publication quality, experimental design, and treatment methods. Methods: The methodology was based on the quantitative inventory of published scientific research indexed in PubMed medical subject headings (MeSH), sorted within the broad term “Traditional Chinese Medicine” and integrating the following criteria as limit filters: “Species: Humans”, “Article Type: Clinical Trial”. In addition, the articles’ triage was ruled by temporal limitations set between 1945 and 2016. Results: The overall analysis of data allowed observation of an average annual growth of approximately 33%, with a productive peak of 122 articles in 2007. The scientific production was distributed in 27 countries, led by China (76.1%), followed by the United States of America (3.0%) and South Korea (2.1%). A significant amount of references were published in Chinese journals: more than 50%; however, these journals had a low impact factor. The most cited treatments in the keywords section of the articles were phytotherapy (55%) and acupuncture (40%). Conclusion: The increasing demand for TCM seems to be due to factors such as lower side effects and greater efficacy in some patients not responding well to conventional therapy. As a result, a considerable amount of TCM science-based literature has been produced, supporting the rational integration of these practices in Western healthcare systems and research. Our results show that the quality of TCM research and inherent publications have been increasing over the last decades, with a higher incidence of studies published in well-ranked journals.
The Role of Glycans in Bacterial Adhesion to Mucosal Surfaces: How Can Single-Molecule Techniques Advance Our Understanding?
Authors: Formosa-Dague Cécile , Castelain Mickaël , Martin-Yken Hélène , Dunker Karen , Dague Etienne , Sletmoen Marit
Published: May 2018

Bacterial adhesion is currently the subject of increased interest from the research community, leading to fast progress in our understanding of this complex phenomenon. Resent research within this field has documented the important roles played by glycans for bacterial surface adhesion, either through interaction with lectins or with other glycans. In parallel with this increased interest for and understanding of bacterial adhesion, there has been a growth in the sophistication and use of sensitive force probes for single-molecule and single cell studies. In this review, we highlight how the sensitive force probes atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical tweezers (OT) have contributed to clarifying the mechanisms underlying bacterial adhesion to glycosylated surfaces in general and mucosal surfaces in particular. We also describe research areas where these techniques have not yet been applied, but where their capabilities appear appropriate to advance our understanding.
Molecular Docking Evaluation of (E)-5-arylidene-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one Derivatives as Selective Bacterial Adenylate Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Ionescu Mihaela Ileana , Oniga Ovidiu
Published: May 2018

Multi-drug resistant microorganism infections with emerging problems that require not only a prevention strategy, but also the development of new inhibitory compounds. Six previously synthesized 5-arylidene-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one derivatives 1a–f, were screened for inhibitory activity on adenylate kinases of different origins by molecular docking. The compounds 1c and 1d were the most efficient inhibitors of bacterial and some archean adenylate kinases. Hydrogen bond interactions were observed with the residues belonging to the ATP binding site. Moreover human adenylate kinases are poor targets, suggesting that this selectivity offers promising prospectives for refining the structure of our compounds.
Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Metabolites from the Mushroom Tapinella atrotomentosa
Authors: Béni Zoltán , Dékány Miklós , Kovács Bernadett , Csupor-Löffler Boglárka , Zomborszki Zoltán Péter , Kerekes Erika , Szekeres András , Urbán Edit , Hohmann Judit , Ványolós Attila
Published: May 2018

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract of Tapinella atrotomentosa led to the isolation of four secondary metabolites 1–4. Two of the compounds are lactones—osmundalactone (1) and 5-hydroxy-hex-2-en-4-olide (2)—while 3 and 4 were identified as terphenyl quinones, spiromentins C and B, respectively. The structures of the compounds were established on the basis of NMR and MS spectroscopic analysis. The isolated fungal metabolites were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against several Gram-positive and negative bacteria. In addition, their synergistic effect with cefuroxime against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was also evaluated. Compounds 1–3 proved to possess significant antibacterial activity against multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli. The investigation of the antioxidant effect of the isolated compounds in DPPH and ORAC assays revealed that spiromentins C (3) and B (4) have remarkable antioxidant activity.
Molecular Responses to the Zika Virus in Mosquitoes
Authors: Alfonso-Parra Catalina , Avila Frank
Published: May 2018

The Zika virus (ZIKV), originally discovered in 1947, did not become a major concern until the virus swept across the Pacific and into the Americas in the last decade, bringing with it news of neurological complications and birth defects in ZIKV affected areas. This prompted researchers to dissect the molecular interactions between ZIKV and the mosquito vector in an attempt to better understand not only the changes that occur upon infection, but to also identify molecules that may potentially enhance or suppress a mosquito’s ability to become infected and/or transmit the virus. Here, we review what is currently known regarding ZIKV-mosquito molecular interactions, focusing on ZIKV infection of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, the primary species implicated in transmitting ZIKV during the recent outbreaks.
Manufacturing a Better Planet: Challenges Arising from the Gap between the Best Intentions and Social Realities
Authors: Durant Darrin , Lucas Adam
Published: May 2018

With rising concerns about the social and environmental impacts of industrial and manufacturing waste, scientists and engineers have sought solutions to the burdens of waste which do not simply involve burying, burning, dumping or diluting. Our purpose here is to sketch how social science perspectives can illuminate aspects of the waste problem which are not routinely grappled with within science and engineering perspectives. We argue that if one is concerned about the burdens of waste, it is crucial to understand the way political and cultural contexts shape what happens (or does not happen) in regards to reuse. We sketch some of the challenges facing green manufacturing; challenges that hinge on the gap between the best laid plans and social realities. Rather than imply green manufacturing is simply a post hoc move to hide the excesses of industrial capitalism in the green cloth of sustainability, we hope our discussion can assist those who hope to use green manufacturing as a pre-emptive move to build sustainability into industrial capitalism. We suggest that a socio-political conception of technology can bring greater depth to understandings of the industrial, political and consumer environments into which green manufacturing researchers hope to insert their efforts.