bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SS34-02 WORKPLACE HEALTH WITHOUT BORDERS’ VIRTUAL OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY TRAINING USING SYNCHRONOUS AND ASYNCHRONOUS METHODS
Authors: Galvin Jennifer , Renton Lydia
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Training is a focus area of Workplace Health Without Borders (WHWB). There are 3,4 billion workers in the world. Nearly two-thirds of them work in unhealthy and unsafe conditions. Worldwide, there are about 8,000 certified / registered occupational hygienists and only 16 countries with professional accreditation programs. The global need is great for more trained occupational health / hygiene professionals who understand how to protect workers from workplace injury and disease.

Materials and Methods

This presentation will share our methods and platform for instruction. We will discuss how we pivoted during the COVID-19 pandemic to a combination of synchronous / asynchronous training, and how this solved several important issues for our students and tutors and overcame other barriers to in-person training. We will present the outcomes of student evaluations and how we measure and deliver successful training.

Results

The impact of our training will be presented. Our training leads to mentoring which leads to networking for the students and global professionals responsible for worker wellbeing. We engage in-country tutors for instruction and facilitation so that networking and mentoring are more easily attained.

Conclusions

Students and professionals in low- or middle-income countries (LMICs) lack access to occupational health / hygiene training. There is often a lack of regulations in these countries, so that prevention of exposure and protection of worker health is not addressed. However, knowledge of breaking the routes of exposure that cause disease can be used anywhere when it is understood.
SS35 THE IMPACT OF WORKING FROM HOME ON OLDER WORKERS
Authors: Proper Karin
Published: July 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many people were suddenly forced to work from home. As a result, workers’ daily routine and work environment changed considerably which may have affected the lifestyle and health of these workers. For example, being confined to the house may have resulted in more sedentary behavior, or increased musculoskeletal pain due to multiple factors including an unfavorable working environment at home. Also, working from home might have negatively affected mental health, such as reduced well-being, more feelings of stress and socially isolated. This phenomenon might even be more pronounced among older workers, as they in general are more vulnerable to psychosocial risks, less connected through social media and may experience obstacles in transitioning to remote working. Although the impact of working from home during COVID-19 pandemic has been studied among the general working population, the impact among older workers is still understudied.

This special session will present four different studies on the impact of working from home on older workers across a range of areas including their physical activity and sedentary behavior, social isolation and stress and musculoskeletal pain. The studies have applied different and unique methods including large, longitudinal datasets and smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment surveys. The outcomes of the studies will provide starting points for a discussion on potential intervention strategies to reduce the negative impacts of working from home.
SS35-03 NAVIGATING THE RETURN TO THE OFFICE: AN ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT OF STRESS, WORK PLEASURE AND RELATEDNESS IN OLDER OFFICE WORKERS
Authors: Wiezer Noortje , Peijen Roy , Niks Irene , van Zwieten Marianne , Hengel Karen Oude
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased remote work and hybrid working is becoming common post-pandemic. This study’s objective is to observe how work location (home or office) affects the daily well-being (i.e., daily perceived stress and daily work pleasure) of older-aged office workers (aged ≥ 45), particularly regarding the role of relatedness with co-workers.

Materials and Methods

Using a smartphone-based ecological assessment survey, we measured work location, daily perceived stress, work pleasure, and relatedness among 109 older-aged office workers from a Dutch organization (N total = 201). This took place during the first week of each month from April to June 2022 (e.g. directly after post-governmental measure relaxation). At baseline, demographic data like sex and job tenure for control variables were collected. Multilevel regression analyzed daily responses to explore how work location, relatedness, and their interaction impact daily well-being.

Results

The work location (home or on-site) on a given day does not significantly affect either daily perceived stress or daily work pleasure, but does positively affect relatedness. Relatedness is associated with reduced daily perceived stress levels and enhanced daily work pleasure. There is no significant interaction between relatedness and work location regarding well-being outcomes for older office workers. Conversely, an additional supportive analysis on younger office workers (aged < 45, N = 87) demonstrates that working on-site does indeed exhibit stronger relatedness effects than remote work.

Conclusions

The role of relatedness with co-working is important for hybrid workers for younger workers, but seems to be less important for older workers.
SS35-04 THE EFFECT OF WORKING FROM HOME ON SOCIAL ISOLATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE MODERATING EFFECT OF AGE
Authors: Bosma Esmee , Loef Bette , van Oostrom Sandra H , Proper Karin I
Published: July 2024

Introduction

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many people were suddenly forced to work from home. Home workers might have felt more socially isolated than location workers, and this phenomenon might be more pronounced with advancing age. This study investigated the longitudinal association between working from home and feelings of social isolation, and the moderating effect of age in this.

Materials and Methods

Longitudinal data of 41,147 Dutch workers from 19 online questionnaire rounds of the Lifelines COVID-19 cohort were used (March 2020-January 2022). Social isolation was assessed with questions from the UCLA Loneliness Scale resulting in a sum score (0-6). Negative Binomial Generalized Estimating Equations were used to study the association between work situation and feelings of social isolation. An interaction between work situation and age was added to study the moderating effect of age.

Results

Home workers scored on average 56% higher on social isolation than location workers (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.559, 95% CI = 1.529-1.590). Hybrid workers scored 17% higher on social isolation than location workers (IRR = 1.172, 95% CI = 1.145-1.119). There was no moderating effect of age on the association between working from home and social isolation (IRR = 1.000, 95% CI = 0.998-1.002).

Conclusions

Home and hybrid workers experienced more feelings of social isolation than location workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, but this relation did not differ by age. Since many workers will continue to (partly) work from home, more research about relevant strategies to prevent social isolation among home workers is recommended.
SS36-03 OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES ON INFORMAL E-WASTE PROCESSING IN GHANA: ERGONOMICS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
Authors: Salmen-Navarro Acran , Martin Bernard J , D’Souza Clive , Acquah Augustine A , Fobil Julius N
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Agbogbloshie in Accra Ghana is one of the major e-waste recycling hubs in the world. Recycling processes at this site are informal, rudimentary, and performed with bare hands and manual tools. This presentation will review findings on physical work exposures and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) at Agbogbloshie.

Materials and Methods

Field-study to observationally assess physical work exposures and a modified Nordic Questionnaire to assess MSD complaints in 23 e-waste workers.

Results

Work time (WT) per day varied between days and worker categories, namely, collectors (345.1±77.3 mins), dismantlers (242.4±146.1 mins), and burners (325.0±153.1 mins). Significant physical exposures included walking and pulling a loaded cart with severe torso flexion for collectors; sitting with severe trunk flexion and hips/knees < 90°, lifting-lowering heavy items and repetitive hand motions for dismantlers; standing with severe trunk flexion and high repetition for burners. Non-neutral neck postures, working with hands below waist height, high force exertions and contact stress were significant for all worker categories. Most substantive MSD ratings were for the lower/upper back, shoulder, and knees for collectors; shoulder, hand-wrist and lower back for dismantlers; and lower back and neck for burners.

Conclusions

Physical exposures in informal e-waste processing predisposes workers to MSDs. Differences in type, duration, intensity, and repetition of exposures in collectors, dismantlers, and burners has implications for prioritizing and tailoring workplace interventions. Safer work methods are impeded by lack of financial, social, and governmental support. Urgent attention is needed given the growing number of informal workers, even in industrialized countries.
SS37-04 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH AND DECENT WORK: SOCIAL PROTECTION IN ANTICIPATING NEW AND EMERGING RISKS
Authors: de Anchieta Messias Iracimara
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The new technologies and forms of work pose challenges to decent work (DW). Social protection, through integrative policies, facilitates the anticipation of occupational safety and health (OSH) services in the face of new risks. In this regard, categories of workers and specific groups are more vulnerable to new technologies and forms of work, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Materials and Methods

A literature review was conducted to assess proactive and collaborative public policy actions as innovations in promoting DW. The vulnerability of specific categories of workers in LMICs, in the management of precision technologies that pose new risks and intensify known ones, is discussed.

Results

Identifying vulnerable categories of workers, as well as specific groups and understanding the variability of the interaction between workers and the use of new technologies, are essential points in managing the mitigation of new and emerging risks. The pillar of social protection should aim at developing transdisciplinary competencies and training in anticipating poorly understood risks that cause psychosocial, toxicological, and physical injuries. Changes in the redesign of safety models, such as the use of biopsychological models, are alternative approaches to OSH.

Conclusions

Strengthening workers in managing new technologies and forms of work should be the goal of OSH for DW. Management actions should support the redesign of safety through dialogue and cooperation, addressing new variables in the production process and new phenomena of physical, chemical, organizational, and psychosocial risks. Specific categories of vulnerable workers in LMICs should be monitored.
SS40-05 BASIC OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES IN CHINA: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Zhang Min
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In the halfway of UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2030 which is interlinked with Universal Health Coverage (UHC), it is essential to discuss the challenges and opportunities of Basic Occupational Health Services (BOHS) with the Healthy China 2030 Strategy.

Materials and Methods

We used an interpretive approach for analysis of the evidence and policy progress in China in recent years.

Results

(1) National regulation on occupational health has been strengthened in China, including the governmental system reform, adoption/amendment of laws relevant to occupational health, the Action of Occupational Health Protection under the Healthy China Action Plan (2019-2030). (2) The demographic changes of the working population and workplace trends demonstrate the impact to the near future. (3) BOHS have played an important role in occupational health protection in China, however, the strategies of BOHS need to be upgraded to adapt to the Chinese social economic development, the critical gaps are related to service providers, vulnerable workers/sectors, coverage and sustainable development as well as the fragmented systems of management. (4) The well-developed BOHS rely on the capacity of the health workforce across general practice of primary healthcare, and specialized occupational health institutions at various levels.

Conclusions

In order to address the complex and interrelated challenges of BOHS, multi-sector collaboration should be improved by breaking the silos that hinder effective communication and coordination. Furthermore, the investment in occupational disease prevention and control could be enhanced with the combined funding from healthcare, work-related injury insurance and trade unions.
SS41 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH FOR MIGRANT WORKERS: RESEARCH GAPS, INTERVENTIONS AND THE FUTURE AHEAD
Authors: Salmen-Navarro Acran
Published: July 2024

It is estimated that the number of people living outside of their country of origin reached 281 million in 2020, approximately the size of the entire population of Indonesia, the world’s fourth most populous country. Most of these migrants come from low- and middle-income countries to high-income countries where approximately 65% of them live.

Unfortunately, migrant workers are globally known to predominantly work in “4-D jobs”— dirty, dangerous, and difficult and discriminatory; the fourth ‘D’ was recently added to acknowledge the discriminatory aspect and other social determinants of health migrant workers face in their host country. These workers are at considerable risk of work-related illnesses and injury but their health needs are critically overlooked in research and policy.

International migration has been used by some destination countries as a tool to address the labor market shortage. The absence of a global coordinated approach for migrant workers highlights a key deficiency in public, population, and global health, resulting in a lack of basic occupational health and dignifying workplaces.

Objectives of this Special Session: (i) Identify new research gaps and intervention possibilities to prevent work-related illness and diseases of migrant workers, (ii) foster the scientific progress, knowledge and development of occupational health programs during the four phases of migration, (iii) foment collaboration between participants to drive policy and improve the quality of existing programs around the world through a synergistic network of experts.
SS41-01 BRAIN DRAIN AND BRAIN GAIN: HOW THE MIGRATION PROCESS INFLUENCES MIGRANT WORKERS
Authors: Salmen-Navarro Acran
Published: July 2024

Work is the primary drive for those who voluntarily migrate to increase their income and provide for their families in their home countries. Those who are forced to migrate immediately seek means of income to sustain themselves through a precarious process, as recently evidenced in the consequences of war in the Ukraine, and the Middle East and the economic crisis in Venezuela and Sri Lanka. Migrant workers are at considerable risk of work-related ill health and injury, and their health needs are critically overlooked in research and policy.

In the United States the exposure to COVID-19 increased the vulnerability of undocumented Latino migrant laborers in the workplace, as they faced even more extreme conditions of systemic racism and migrant exploitation in recent times. Despite the rapid spike in infection rates, they did not have the option of sheltering in place, and instead faced gruelling working conditions during the increased spread of COVID-19.

Migrant workers are at a higher risk of work-related diseases and injury. As we recognize the Universal Declaration of Human Rights from the United Nations, ‘Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment’, it is vital to understand the statistical data with the contributing factors behind this phenomenon.

Considering no human life is dispensable, we must protect migrant workers from structural discriminatory processes that undervalue their occupational safety and health, livelihood and the significant contribution these workers bring to their host countries.
SS42-01 INTRODUCING THE GLOBAL NETWORK FOR EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS IN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH, WORK PARTICIPATION AND WELLBEING
Authors: Hoving Jan L , McElvenny Damien M , Tikka Christina , Schaafsma Frederieke , Curti Stefania , Mattioli Stefano , Piacentino John , Gagliardi Diana
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The global workforce consists of 3.5 billion people. They all deal with specific issues relating to their job or employability. Ideally, their questions are answered by easily available and trustworthy evidence. The flood of new systematic reviews, original research, trials, and other information makes it, however, nearly impossible for any professional, sector, healthcare system or country to keep up-to-date. We believe that a global collaboration of stakeholders in occupational safety and health (OSH) can be part of the solution.

Materials and Methods

In the past two years we studied whether it is feasible to organise a global network that is dedicated to shaping the synthesis, dissemination and implementation of evidence in the field of OSH, work participation and wellbeing. We conducted a feasibility study and organised two face-to-face meetings to inform and investigate the interest in such a network.

Results

Supported by affiliation of international and national institutions and appropriately qualified individuals, the network facilitates the production of high-quality evidence syntheses, methodological developments, and knowledge translation. These will provide evidence to inform policy and practice to provide workers with healthier and safer workplaces, and to improve their work participation and wellbeing.

Conclusions

In this presentation we will explain how the network came about, its connection with Cochrane Work and its activities for the future, including the support to the systematic and transparent use of evidence by OSH decision makers.
SS42-02 SURVEY TO ASSESS THE FEASIBILITY OF ESTABLISHING A GLOBAL NETWORK FOR EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS IN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Authors: McElvenny Damien M , Verbeek Jos , Gagliardi Diana , Tikka Christina , Hoving Jan L
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Evidence synthesis in the field of occupational safety and health (OSH) has been continuously growing over the last two decades. With over 100 systematic reviews now published, the Cochrane Work Review group (https://work.cochrane.org/) has played an important role in this development and the Cochrane Thematic Group ‘Work and Health and Social Security’ - (https://community.cochrane.org/news/major-milestones-and-new-beginnings-cochrane-announces-first-round-new-thematic-groups) - was established recently to combine evidence from both the OSH and insurance medicine fields. Worldwide, many organisations produce and synthesise evidence in OSH that can complement and support each other. We believe that a global network including Cochrane and others can collaborate on methods development and in the production, synthesis, use and dissemination of different types of evidence even more effectively. The aim was to determine if establishing a global network for evidence synthesis in OSH was feasible.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a survey of international and national institutions between November 2022 and January 2023 using LimeSurvey. Participants included representatives of affiliate and sustaining members of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), national institutes for OSH, academia and other international organisations.

Results

From 151 invitations, we received responses from 57 representatives of 54 organisations. Representatives reported that their organisation will contribute financially on an annual basis (n=1) or provide in kind support (n=10), and will probably be able to provide financial or in-kind support (n=25).

Conclusions

The feasibility criteria were met and a global network is being established.
SS42-03 EVIDENCE-INFORMED DECISION-MAKING IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY – RESULTS FROM A DOCTORAL THESIS
Authors: Tikka Christina , de Boer Angela , Hoving Jan L
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Decisions to (de-)implement occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions are not always supported by the available scientific evidence. Answers are needed on how to support evidence-informed decision-making in OSH.

Materials and Methods

Analysis of the quality of evidence in the OSH field by 1) conducting two Cochrane systematic reviews of randomized and non-randomized studies, and 2) analyzing the reporting quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in 18 OSH journals after 2010. Analysis was based on GRADE, ROB, ROB-2, and CONSORT. Investigation of evidence-informed OSH decision-making, both from a population and individual perspective by 1) applying the evidence-to-decision (EtD) framework for policy decisions regarding return-to-work coordination efforts, and 2) developing and evaluating the feasibility of a decision aid for healthcare workers on the use of double gloves to prevent needle-stick injuries. Studies were conducted in Finland and included survey, interview, register, and document data.

Results

Most intervention studies provide moderate to very low-certainty evidence. Most trials do not fulfil reporting standards (CONSORT) which negatively impacts the risk of bias assessments, and thus the quality of the evidence. The EtD framework for policy makers and a decision-aid for workers supported a systematic and transparent approach to decision-making that is informed by the best available evidence for all relevant decision-making criteria, such as effectiveness, costs, and personal values.

Conclusions

Good quality evidence is available but rare. Knowledge translation tools, such as the EtD framework or a decision aid, enable the transparent and systematic use of the best available evidence.
SS42-04 CHALLENGING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PRACTICE USING EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RESEARCH
Authors: Schaafsma Frederieke , McElvenny Damien M , Tikka Christina , Hoving Jan L , Piacentino John , Gagliardi Diana
Published: July 2024

Introduction

High quality occupational health practice needs continuous research that aligns with developments in healthcare, in our work and workforce, and in our national or global society. New questions from occupational health practitioners should be addressed efficiently by researchers and the results need to be expressed in such a manner that day-to-day practice can – if necessary – implement these results. The Netherlands Society of Occupational Medicine puts priority in developing and updating evidence-based practice guidelines for occupational health practitioners based on their needs and developments within their practice.

Materials and Methods

Taking work-related mental stress as an example we will illustrate how and why emphasis is placed on developing a guideline for occupational health physicians based on up-to-date evidence on how to prevent and/or intervene in case of perceived high work pressure and related sick leave due to mental stress.

Results

Guideline developers and practitioners in occupational healthcare need high quality evidence syntheses to efficiently adjust their recommendations and day-to-day practice.

Conclusions

In this presentation we will illustrate how practice and research are connected with each other and why high-quality evidence syntheses can accelerate necessary changes in day-to-day occupational health practice.
SS44-02 WORKERS’ EXPERIENCES OF GOING TO WORK WITH CHRONIC PAIN
Authors: Walker-Bone Karen
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Chronic pain is common, affecting approximately one third of people at any point in time but is more severe and more impactful amongst those from poorer socio-economic position. It is associated with depression and anxiety, markedly reduced quality of life and functional impairment. An estimated 20-27% of people of working age with chronic pain are unable to participate in their usual activities, including working. As many as 40% of people attending pain clinics are unable to work because of their pain.

Materials and Methods

Data will be presented from a programme of work with people unemployed through chronic pain, describing qualitative and quantitative analyses undertaken and the results of a pilot feasibility trial in which people with chronic pain were randomised to Individual placement and support versus usual care.

Results

People with chronic pain want to be able to work and value interventions to assist them with doing so. However, it is difficult to recruit people, at least in the UK, through primary care and when recruited through pain services, they are far from being “work ready”. Individual placement and support may be effective for people with chronic pain and when successful, can lead to better quality of life and need for less medication.

Conclusions

People with chronic pain want to participate in work (and need to, especially if they are economically disadvantaged) but they face a number of barriers to being able to do so. Flexible, fair employment with support from colleagues can be effective but societies may need a change of approach.
SS53-05 THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE ESSENTIAL CARDINAL RULES FOR CRISIS COMMUNICATION IN MASS BIOLOGICAL EVENTS FOR OUR COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE
Authors: Lum Max
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Over the last century, outbreaks and pandemics have occurred with disturbing regularity and we can expect more of them, whether like a Coronavirus, or some yet unknown pathogen. Effective public health surveillance, action and turnaround times requires an effective communication response and action.

Materials and Methods

This analysis examines crisis communication response to COVID-19 in business and public organizations as a reflection of individual country response. It analyzes how effectively necessary crisis responses were communicated to workers and communities using the CDC’s crisis and emergency risk communication (CERC) as its analytical framework.

Results

This analysis concludes offering essential cardinal rules of crisis communication and an underlying perspective - basically an initial ‘lessons learned’ for applying appropriate communication strategies and applications during a pandemic. This presentation is informed by the results of crisis communication analysis provided in Brazil, South Korea, Singapore and the United States.

Conclusions

Beyond surveillance there is a strong need to provide target audiences safety and health information they need when they need it, and to assure lack of mixed messages and be science driven. Messages themselves must be action oriented, clear and developed by individual audience understanding. The essentials of crisis communication assist workers, workplaces, and communities to be safe, cope mentally and connect to a deeper sense of purpose and resilience.

Disclaimer

The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of NIOSH.
SS54-04 UNVEILING VULNERABILITIES: WORKER PROTECTION PRACTICES IN SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIES
Authors: Suraya Anna
Published: July 2024

Introduction

A significant portion of workers in small-scale industries (SSIs), remain unprotected and experience job insecurity. This study aims to shed light on the current practices of worker protection in SSIs in Indonesia.

Materials and Methods

Interviews and observations were conducted in six SSIs to assess workers' understanding and the practice of the occupational safety and health (OSH) program. Following the results, an OSH training was organized, and a guideline OSH book was provided to the employers at the program's conclusion.

Results

Out of the six industries studied, only one had implemented an OSH program. The findings revealed a limited understanding of OSH among employers and workers. The primary reason cited by employers was the constraint of limited budgets. Workers were unaware of their employers' duty to ensure their safety. Many workers were hired based on personal relationships or regional affiliations, leading to industries being managed based on kinship. Consequently, job insecurity was viewed as a typical challenge they had to contend with. After having the training, there was a clear demand for more educational programs and innovative ways to address these issues due to facility constraints. Interestingly, there was resistance from some workers who felt that their experience rendered them more knowledgeable about their work environment.

Conclusions

As the majority of the workforces in low-income countries are employed in SSIs, it is imperative for regulators to prioritize and address these issues to safeguard the health and well-being of this significant population segment.
SS55-01 TELEWORKING IN THE POST-PANDEMIC ERA: A GENDER PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Bello Igor , Soto Lisbeth
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Teleworking has been conceived for more than 20 years as a useful tool to close the gender gaps. On issues such as the reconciliation of family and work life, the possibility of entry into the world of work for single-parent mothers, or the flexibility of schedules to be able to care for people while working, teleworking showed great promise.

Materials and Methods

This work compiles different investigations on the results that teleworking had during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2022 published by ILO, WHO, UN Women and indexed in scientific journals on OSH.

Results

Several studies consulted yield coincident results in relation to the dissatisfaction of many women about teleworking, arguing that during this time they slept fewer hours, it was difficult to reconcile their work - family life, their domestic role was reinforced, their visibility and decision-making capacity at work was reduced, and the richness in their social relationships provided by their co-workers also decreased.

Conclusions

Teleworking could not meet the expectations in closing the labor gaps, but nevertheless it should be considered that this period was emergency teleworking, and that it was not the product of sufficient planning, the acceptance of the parties involved, the necessary equipment and the awareness of workers, employers and family members in relation to this work modality. It is necessary to establish clear rules that govern teleworking to take full advantage of its potential as a tool that allows labor flexibility, family-work conciliation and the inclusion of more women in the labor market.
SS56-03 CREATING AND PROMOTING A CULTURE OF PREVENTION IN CONSTRUCTION: ROLE OF LEADERSHIP, STAKEHOLDERS AND TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Sen Krishna Nirmalya , Muralidhar Gollapalli
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Construction in India is the second largest sector in terms of employment with over 55 million workers, after agriculture. With a multitude of challenging factors in this highly hazardous industry efforts are needed at various levels of the organizations, led by the management team.

Materials and Methods

Initiatives were taken by the leadership through infusion of technology to enhance all the dimensions of Vision Zero in alignment with the hierarchy of controls. This included enhancement of hazard identification, equipment safety, developing competence, stakeholder engagement, etc. Deployment of the latest technology on multiple fronts included surveillance and analysis of OSH data. Simultaneous monitoring and management of these leading indicators and lagging indicators with reference to set objectives, led to digital applications being put into use. These digital applications are aligned with OSH parameters, including EHS observations, “Safety Observation and Safety Contact”, incident reporting (FIRI), status of corrective actions taken (CAT), workmen training planning and coverage, virtual reality modules for training as well as image analytics for OSH surveillance.

Results

A culture of prevention at construction projects, as measured through data points of leading and lagging indicators from various project sites, signalled an overall improvement over the study period.

Conclusions

Enabling the leadership team and stakeholders resulted in effective contributions in a graded manner through periodical review and facilitating continual improvement of OSH culture at project sites. Leadership engagement in occupational safety and health and technology enhances the pace of our journey towards Vision Zero through focus on leading indicators, review, and rigorous follow-up.
SS56-04 FROM HEINRICH’S CONSEQUENCE-BASED TRIANGLE TO A NEW POTENTIAL-BASED MODEL TO PREDICT AND PREVENT SAFETY INCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTS MORE ACCURATELY: A GLOBAL SUCCESS STORY
Authors: Mukherjee Nirupam
Published: July 2024

Introduction

This work is focused on a conceptual change in analysis, prediction and prevention of safety incidents and accidents, especially occurrences involving serious and fatality potential.

Materials and Methods

Since 1938, Heinrich’s Triangle - that focused on the theory of one major accident for every 29 minor injuries, preceded by 300 near-misses - had been in wide use to analyse, predict and prevent safety incidents. This work is based on a new model and an enhancement to Heinrich’s theory, which purely focuses on ‘potential’ of safety incidents instead of the ‘actual consequence’. This conceptual change and its practical application have proven to be more effective and accurate. A detailed study was performed on more than 1500 safety incidents and injuries, over a period of five years purely focusing on the potential, irrespective of whether they were minor or major in terms of consequence. This study helped to identify important gaps in operational discipline or precursors and six ‘primary areas of greatest risks’. Addressing these issues helped eliminate the very causes that would lead to incidents and accidents in future.

Results

The HSE improvement program developed based on this new concept was effective, clear, and easy to implement. It helped eliminate fundamental gaps in work processes proactively and thus significantly reduce incidents and accidents, especially those with potential to cause serious harm.

Conclusions

This precursor-based approach provides a practical and effective direction to follow. In the real world, the simplicity and success of the theory is catching up fast among all levels of employees and contractors.
SS56-05 AN INNOVATIVE IDEA FOR REDUCING MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN DRYWALL INSTALLATION WORKERS
Authors: Dasgupta Priyadarshini , Moir Susan , Buchholz Bryan , Punnett Laura , Betit Eileen , Dale Anne Marie
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The study was conducted to assess the efficacy of an assistive tool to reduce the ergonomic and physical exposures during the installation of panels on ceilings for reducing musculoskeletal disorders in drywall installation workers.

Methods

An assistive tool was fabricated that could support the ceiling panel installation on its own, while installation took place at the real construction sites in greater Boston area. The tool was fabricated with input from the construction workers in participatory research. To evaluate the efficacy of this tool for exposure reduction, the researcher collected quantitative exposure data (PATH) and qualitative data both before and after the intervention. The data at those two time periods were compared to evaluate any change in the physical exposures with use of the tool.

Results

Observations of six workers for a total of 117 hours showed that several physical exposures, including overhead arm, postures, heavy load handling, while holding the panels with arms raised posture, were all reduced while using the tool.

Conclusion

Reduction of physical ergonomic exposures by the use of the assistive tool is evident. The evolution of the assistive device through a participatory process justified the fact that workers are more likely to take action when they see a concern rather than assuming it is someone else's responsibility.
SS57-01 OCCUPATIONAL SKIN CANCERS INDUCED BY SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: John Swen Malte , Symanzik Cara
Published: July 2024

Skin cancers constitute a serious public health issue in fair skinned populations globally, as they account for a substantial proportion of all reported occupational diseases. The number of workers diagnosed with skin cancer has continuously grown in recent times. Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the leading cause of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC; more precisely described as keratinocyte carcinoma [KC], manifesting as actinic keratosis [AK, intra-epidermal squamous cell carcinoma [SCC]], invasive cutaneous SCC, and/or basal cell carcinoma [BCC]) and the most important occupational carcinogenic exposure in terms of the number of employees exposed (i.e., professional outdoor workers). The risks of solar UVR exposure in the workplace are frequently largely ignored, and the evident future issues are contrasting against the current legal status, patient care, and compensation.

To avoid skin malignancies induced by UVR exposure, outdoor workers must reduce their occupationally received UVR doses sufficiently. The necessity for interventions to promote outdoor workers' sun protection behavior has lately been recognized; yet, the dangers of solar UVR exposure in the workplace are frequently overlooked in practice. In the decades to come, occupational medicine is expected to grow more concentrated on sun safety. The entire spectrum of available preventive measures should be employed as needed to address present obstacles in a result-oriented manner. Long-term change will most likely only be possible if collective and individual prevention initiatives are successfully linked with policymakers' support.
SS58 SHIFT WORK, HEALTH AND THE INDIVIDUAL: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH AND PREVENTION
Authors: Papantoniou Kyriaki
Published: July 2024

In the proposed special session experts in epidemiology, chronobiology and occupational medicine, will present human evidence on night work and chronic disease risk and infections, identify methodological challenges and unknowns in shift work occupational and molecular epidemiology e.g. the role of individual susceptibility, and discuss how to move forward in etiological research to provide conclusive evidence for preventive actions. Results from night shift work interventions directed towards the organization and the individual to reduce health and safety risks will also be discussed. Particular focus will be on the success and barriers for implementation of interventions based on so far gathered experiences.
SS58-01 NIGHT SHIFT WORK AND CANCER RISK: METHODOLOGIC CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Hansen Johnni
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has in 2019 classified night work (that involves circadian disruption) as probably carcinogenic based on limited evidence in humans and sufficient evidence in animals. Therefore, there is a need for further clarification of causality, which calls for new and improved epidemiological studies.

Materials and Methods

Based on gaps of knowledge, limitations and strengths of existing studies, I will focus on improved designs of future epidemiological studies.

Results

The current evidence, which is slightly improved since the 2019 IARC evaluation, primarily comes from case-control studies, which however may be prone to recall bias and differential participation. Therefore, bias-analyses are needed. The overall lack of evidence from several cohort studies is a main reason for the limited rather than sufficient epidemiologic evidence. Intensity, e.g. a high number of consecutive night shifts, may cause circadian disruption, which is considered as an important pathway for cancer. Such associations are observed in many case-control studies of especially breast cancer, but lifetime intensity information is non-existing in cohort-studies. Future studies should include information on detailed and harmonized exposure intensity (in healthcare workers and other jobs), sleep, subtypes of cancer, menopausal status, timing of birth-giving, racial and sex differences, chronotype, and preferably be based on lifetime objective working time information, including pay-roll data.

Conclusions

This presentation will suggest necessary priorities for “nice to know” and “need to know” areas of future epidemiological studies, which will not be cohort studies without lifelong night-time intensity exposure history.
SS59-03 NOKIIWIN TRIBAL COUNCIL COMMUNITY SURVEY: UNDERSTANDING HEALTHY WORKPLACE FACTORS IN THE INDIGENOUS CONTEXT
Authors: Kristman Vicki , Sandhu Mannila , Gilbeau Audrey
Published: July 2024

Background / Objectives

This study was conducted to help the communities of the Nokiiwin Tribal Council (NTC) understand important factors for a healthy workplace in the context of the Indigenous population. The objective was to determine the most important workplace factors within the communities in order to identify interventions to improve these factors.

Methods

In partnership with the NTC, we surveyed community members older than 15 years at various 2017-2018 events using electronic and paper-based surveys. Of those who were working, we examined the following workplace factors: global safety at work, workplace social capital, discrimination, interpersonal conflict at work, family work conflict, supervisor and co-worker support, and job stress for their association with the following outcomes: engagement, presenteeism, absenteeism and job satisfaction.

Results

Out of the 171 participants, 149 (87.1%) completed the survey. Using bivariable regression, we found that interpersonal conflict at work was associated with social engagement (β = -0.15; 95% CI -0.26, -0.05) and presenteeism (β = -0.80; 95% CI -1.39, -0.22). Family work conflict was associated with overall engagement (β = -0.15; 95% CI -0.27, -0.03) and absenteeism (β = 1.63; 95% CI 1.09, 2.43). Job stress was associated with overall engagement and job satisfaction. Supervisor and co-worker support were also associated with engagement and absenteeism.

Conclusion

We learned that lower interpersonal conflict at work and family work conflict, followed by higher supervisor and co-worker support and job control, were the most important healthy workplace factors influencing the communities of the NTC. This project was the first completed in partnership with the NTC.
SS59-04 MOVING THE NEEDLE ON FARMWORKERS’ HEALTH AND WELLBEING
Authors: Forst Linda , Gracia Gabriela , Acosta Maggie , Siciliano Michael
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Agriculture is extremely hazardous and employs large numbers of immigrant and seasonal workers on short-term labour contracts; transnational employment is common. Exempted from standards that apply to other sectors, the employment arrangement for farmworkers (FWs) creates significant inequities in worker protections (health and safety, wages, hours of work, and social benefits). Poor housing, limited transportation, and lack of healthcare access are compounded by geographic, linguistic, cultural, and educational isolation. Despite the essential nature of agricultural work and a proliferation of policies and practices designed to protect this workforce, FWs remain among the most disadvantaged workforces around the globe. A multitude of actors are working on this challenge with limited success.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a review of policies, intervention research, and NGO websites related to hired migrant and seasonal FWs as regards Immigration, Employment, and Health.

Results

We developed a ‘theory of change’ that maps out a research and policy agenda focused on improving the health and well-being of migrant and seasonal FWs.

Conclusion

Agricultural workers are essential to local and global food systems. This ‘theory of change’ can be used or adapted by others working to promote and protect the health and the rights of migrant and seasonal FWs and to protect the food supply chain.
SS59-05 SOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF HEAT-RELATED INJURY PREVENTION AMONG MIGRANT FARMWORKERS
Authors: Monaghan Paul , Carver Martin Miranda
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The estimated risk of heat-related illness (HRI) for farmworkers (FWs) in the United States is 35 times greater than workers in other industries and is increasing with climate change. Heat safety interventions operating across multiple spheres of influence are necessary to achieve effective and lasting protection for these essential workers.

Materials and Methods

Three crews of FWs from Mexico participated in the study (N=52). One crew received a series of heat safety trainings with a peer health promotor component (N=19). Participants completed questionnaires measuring heat safety knowledge, attitudes, and social factors as well as self-reported behaviors across two workdays. Urine specific gravity (USG) was measured from pre- and post-workday samples using digital refractometers.

Results

Members of the intervention crew participated in a WhatsApp group chat, encouraged their co-workers to practise heat safety, and instituted a ‘buddy system’ for encouraging their peers. Intervention crew members rated their co-workers as more influential on their heat safety practices than workers in the other two crews did (p=.006; V=.44) and reported giving or receiving reminders from co-workers to hydrate or take breaks. Across all crews, giving and receiving heat safety reminders was related to hydration knowledge and the rate of taking seated breaks but not a lower USG reading.

Conclusion

Social influences through peer health promotion are interrelated with individual knowledge and behaviors. However, effects on actual hydration status are not clear, due partly to the structural barriers of on-farm heat safety such as the imperative to work quickly under a piece-rate pay system.
SS60-02 DIGITAL HEALTH - MAKING HEALTHCARE ACCESSIBLE TO REMOTE OR UNDERSERVED AREAS IN THE ASIAN CONTINENT
Authors: Jain Rajiv Kumar
Published: July 2024

Introduction

COVID-19 has highlighted the importance and need for digital health interventions. With digital transformations world-wide, digital health solutions have revolutionized the way healthcare services are delivered, offering numerous opportunities to reach a broader audience. The attributes of digital health are that it is more accessible, affordable, and convenient if required training is provided to healthcare providers and end users. This survey-based study gives insight into the state of digital health in Asia. The study provides enough actionable insights to shape the future of digital health.

Materials and Methods

An online survey was conducted on the SurveyMonkey platform. Participants accessed the survey through a web link and responded to the questions electronically. The survey was available from September 5, 2023, to December 4, 2023, providing a substantial time frame for data collection. A total of 11 Asian countries participated.

Results

The majority of allied healthcare professionals in Asia, accounting for 89%, reported having either a good understanding of digital health or having used digital health. Among healthcare professionals in Asia, 63% stated that they have a good understanding of digital health and have used it themselves. Among non-healthcare professionals in Asia, a staggering 67% reported having a good understanding of digital health and having used it to seek treatment.

Conclusions

Skills development opportunities in digital health, patient-centric educational materials, and online resources explaining the basics of digital health, how to use specific digital health tools, and their benefits in managing health conditions shall augment access to health facilities in remote or underserved areas on the Asian continent.