bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profile of optic atrophy presented in the neuro-ophthalmology department of the tertiary eye care center
Authors: Bajracharya Kabindra , Joshi Kriti , Hirachan Anjita , Myint Lily , Thapa Hari Bahadur
Published: August 2023

Background: Optic atrophy is a clinical presentation in which the optic disc appears pale due to irreversible damage of retinal ganglion cells and axons in the anterior visual pathway.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the profile of optic atrophy cases in the neuro-ophthalmology department of a tertiary eye hospital and to identify the common causes and associated visual impairments.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2021 to December 2021, using convenience sampling method for data collection. Demographic data, medical history, and examinations were conducted on all included patients. Optic atrophy secondary to glaucomatous optic nerve damage was excluded. This study included both children and adults with both congenital and acquired patients with optic atrophy. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded and anterior segment examinations were conducted using a torchlight to assess pupillary reaction and slit lamp to assess other anterior segment details. The posterior segment was evaluated on a dilated pupil with a handheld magnifying 90D lens and a slit lamp. Color vision and contrast sensitivity and visual field assessments were performed whenever possible.
Results: Out of 127 patients enrolled, 55.1% were male and 44.9% were female. The median age was 40, with a minimum age of 4 years to a maximum of 85 years old. Twenty-one percent were below 20 years old and they were associated with congenital causes, hydrocephalus and sequelae to bilateral papillitis. The most common age group was 40–50 years, comprising 21.3%. The total of eyes presented with optic atrophy was 214. Unilateral involvement of the eye was 31.5%, the patients with the right eye in 18.9% and the left eye in 12.6%. Both eye optic atrophies were found in 68.5%. The most common cause of optic atrophy was non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in 22.8% of cases, the second common cause was papilledema in 16.5%, and then, traumatic optic neuropathy comprised 15.7% of patients. BCVA in the right eye was <6/60 in 58.3% of cases and in the left eye 56.7%.
Conclusion: Optic atrophy did not show sex predisposition. The most common age group affected was 40–50 years, and patients above 40 years comprised nearly half of the patients. Bilateral optic atrophy was common. The most common cause of optic atrophy was NAION, followed by papilledema, traumatic optic neuropathy, and optic neuritis. Optic atrophy is one of the leading causes to irreversible blindness.
Determination of serum KIM-1 in patients with chronic kidney injury
Authors: Bansal Abhishek , Nigoskar Shreya
Published: August 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 800 million people worldwide and is one of the leading non-communicable causes of death. Despite being a latent issue, once renal damage has started, the disease can rapidly progress to an advanced stage.
Aims and Objectives: Currently, the most commonly used markers for the diagnosis of renal disease are non-specific and insensitive. As a result, the goal of the current study is to investigate whether KIM-1 could be a precise and sensitive biomarker for identifying early kidney injury in CKD patients.
Materials and Methods: This case–control study recruited 155 participants from the Index Medical College Hospital v Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. 150 non-CKD subjects matched for age and sex were also taken from the hospital. The levels of KIM-1 were compared between CKD and non-CKD participants. Serum creatinine, urea, and creatinine clearance were also measured.
Results: The levels of KIM-1 were substantially higher in CKD patients than in non-CKD participants. In addition, a negative relationship between KIM-1 and creatinine clearance was observed with a P<0.05.
Conclusion: KIM-1 is a precise and sensitive kidney injury biomarker that can identify early kidney injury in CKD and contribute to the progression of interstitial fibrosis in kidney disease.
Effectiveness of tadalafil and tamsulosin combination in benign prostatic hyperplasia: A prospective cohort study at a tertiary care center
Authors: Sudarsan S  , Prabhu T  , Rajsri TR  , Laishram Sanjana
Published: August 2023

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the major causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men. The uroselective tamsulosin helps in rapid reduction of prostate symptoms and its combination with Tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor leads to synergistic benefit improving the LUTS of BPH.
Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted with the aim to assess the effectiveness of synergistic effect of Tadalafil and Tamsulosin in improving the symptoms of BPH patients.
Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among the patients admitted with LUTS due to BPH in the surgery ward of Annapoorna Medical College. A total of 100 patients were included in the study. The control group was administered 0.4 mg of tamsulosin and the study group was administered with combination of tadalafil 5 mg and tamsulosin 0.4 mg for 3 weeks and followed up at an interval of 3 weeks, 1 month, and 6 months. Paired t-test was used to compare the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) mean scores.
Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study. There was significant improvement in the post-voided volume of the study group in comparison to the control. The IPPS score of the study group at the baseline was 16.39±4.89 which was decreased to a score of 11.42±3.39 after the combination drug therapy with P<0.001 which was statistically significant.
Conclusion: The combination therapy of tamsulosin and tadalafil marked an improvement in the symptoms of BPH which can be noted with fall down of IPSS score after the therapy.
Morpho-metric study of the facial nerve in the Andaman and Nicobar islands population: A Cadaveric study
Authors: Sanjay Joseph Fernandes  , Chandani Ashok Kumar  , Amar Singh L
Published: August 2023

Background: Facial nerve (FN) is the seventh cranial nerve. It is the only cranial nerve which has a long course in a bony canal. From the brain stem, to its terminal branches, it changes its direction 5 times, to innervate, muscles of the second pharyngeal arch. Hence, it is morphometric study and has great clinical importance.
Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted to ascertain the variations of the length of facial Never at different parts of the crania so that this study could be helpful for neurosurgeon, radiologist, and clinician, to deal with various diseases of FN.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-five (35) male cadaveric temporal bones, were taken out, by removing soft parts attached to it. The FN was exposed. The length of the FN was measured, by digital vernier calliper, in different regions, of the temporal bone.
Results: 7.90 (SD±1.24) in petrous part, 3.7 (SD±0.40) in labyrinthine part, 12.13 (SD±0.36) in tympanic, 12.24 (SD±1.86) mastoid part, 15.76 (SD±0.54) length of nerve to stapedius, and 19.06 (SD±0.66) length of branches of chorda-tympani.
Conclusion: The present cadaveric study has clinical importance, for the ENT surgeon, neurosurgeon, neurophysician, and the radiologist.
Prevalence of acute otitis media in a tertiary care center of Assam
Authors: Mili MK  , Sharmistha Talukdar  , Monikuntal Sarmah  , Saikia Asha
Published: August 2023

Background: Otitis media is infection of the middle ear cleft, which comprises acute and chronic otitis media and otitis media with effusion. Acute otitis media (AOM) is the second most prevalent pediatric emergency.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of AOM cases reported to the ENT OPD.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care center of Assam from January 2021 to December 2022. A total of 840 patients from a wide range of socioeconomic strata were included in the study who belong to Upper Assam, parts of Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland region.
Results: Majority (25.8%) of the patients were below the age of 10 years. The age group of 31–40 years (25.2%) was next in line. In the age range of 71–80 years, the least number of patients (0.3%) were observed. The majority (53.09%) of the patients were from Dibrugarh district of Assam.
Conclusion: This study has brought to light the prevalence of AOM in this region and the need for the health department to raise public understanding of the significance of a healthy lifestyle in the prevention of AOM, early diagnosis, and treatment.
A study on relationship between protein-energy malnutrition and other morbidities among under-five children in a rural area of Hooghly district, West Bengal
Authors: Tushar Kanti Saha  , Eashin Gazi  , Kallol Bhandari
Published: August 2023

Background: Malnutrition affects physical growth, morbidity, and mortality of the under-five children. It is an underlying factor in many diseases for children and is particularly prevalent in developing countries, where it affects one out of every three preschool-age children.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to find out the relationship between protein-energy malnutrition and other morbidities among under-five children.
Materials and Methods: Community-based prospective longitudinal study was conducted in 1 year duration in a rural area of Hooghly District, West Bengal. By adopting sample size calculation formula 4 pq/L2, total 108 children were participated in the study. With the help of pre-design, pre-tested schedule data were collected by interviewing the care giver, by clinical and anthropometry examination of the children and by record review.
Results: Among the study population under-weight, stunted, and wasted were 52%, 37%, and 28%, respectively, whereas malnutrition by all types of classification was 61%. Episode of diarrhea, acute respiratory infections (ARI), and worm infestation were 3.50, 4.12, and 1.38/child/year, respectively. Study shows that rate of total morbidities and prevalence of malnutrition was very much interrelated.
Conclusion: Prevalence of malnutrition along with diarrhea, ARI, and worm infestations is common ailments among rural population. Special emphasis should be given for provision of health-care services and promotion and protection of optimal infant feeding practices for the improvement of nutritional as well as health status of the children.
Incidental pathologies in appendectomy specimens - An interesting series of cases in a tertiary care center in Eastern India
Authors: Sanghamitra Mukherjee  , Debajyoti Singha Roy  , Vandana Maroo  , Meghadipa Mandal
Published: August 2023

Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency worldwide, with appendix being the most frequently encountered specimen by a reporting histopathologist. They may sometimes show rare and uncommon histomorphologic pictures that may create diagnostic dilemmas, few of such cases being discussed here. There are two cases of appendicular neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) that initially presented as acute appendicitis clinically, with microscopic tumor foci measuring <1 cm each. Immunohistochemistry for synaptophysin substantiated the histopathological diagnosis in one case. Neurogenic appendicopathy is another non-neoplastic entity discussed that may be overdiagnosed as appendicular neoplasms such as NET, neuromas, or neurofibromas. Granulomatous appendicitis may be another cause of recurrent appendicitis due to a variety of cases, tuberculosis being one of them and antitubercular therapy being the mainstay of treatment for these cases. Xanthogranulomatous appendicitis may simulate colonic malignancy, Crohn’s disease, malakoplakia, etc. Histopathological features are the main diagnostic modalities for these instances. Pinworm is a common helminthic infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Currently, its incidence is on the declining side due to better sanitation practices. However, it must be reported in appendectomy sections, if present, to initiate a course of antihelminthic drugs. Pseudomyxoma peritonei is an uncommon entity classically characterized by mucinous ascites resulting from ruptured appendiceal mucinous tumors, one such rare case being reported here. Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm is a distinctive entity rarely seen in appendectomy cases, belonging to groups of appendiceal mucinous neoplasms. One such instance has been depicted here.
Obstruction in Mobility of Urban Dwellers A study on vehicle handling and road using practices of Kathmandu
Authors: Sigdel Bhim Raj
Published: August 2023

This study deals with two questions: Why have vehicle handling and road practices created constraints in smooth mobility of people in Kathmandu? And, what are the social causes of mobility obstruction of people on road in Kathmandu? Obstruction in mobility is a socially created problem since it is closely related to vehicle handling practices (traffic rules breaking and social behaviors against handling system and road practice) in city area. The causes of an obstruction of people’s mobility in roadside are not narrow road and over vehicles but rather our wrong vehicle handling and road using practices. Social practice is one of the significant indicators that reflects situation of development of any societies. Often every society considers either its practice is the best or expects to be the best. But some practices of particular society contribute to run society positively; some contribute to hinder the positive change. Although vehicle handling is a physical issue, it has been impacting in the mobility of people and their daily life activities which have converted it as a social issue. The very vehicle handling practices are conditioned by our historical and social structure. Based on the empirical observations of ongoing vehicle handling practices, this paper examines how these practices are creating problems in people’s smooth move and hampering their daily routine-works. Finally it argues that the claim that the lack of infrastructure and weak intervention of concerned law are the causes of obstructions for smooth move and execution of daily routine-works are myths. The activities related to vehicle handling such as stopping in non-stop areas, lane disobeying, unnecessarily over taking, parking violation, avoiding and abusing traffic police, ignoring zebra cross, over (unlimited) speed etc. are developed as mal-practices in vehicle handling sectors which have been creating obstructions in smooth mobility of people in Kathmandu because of the execution of flexible and unfixed laws, low amount of penalty or no penalty in some cases concerning to vehicle handling practices and lack  of knowledge about smart and advance practices of urban lives.
Public Relation Detachment of Community Schools: A Study of Duduwa Rural Municipality, Banke, Nepal.
Authors: Pokharel Bishnu Prasad
Published: August 2023

A strong bond between school family and community should be indispensable. Students severely suffer when they fail to maintain mutual respect between these two stakeholders. The research suggests a viable solution after unfolding the existing detachment of the secondary level community schools with the social accessory in Duduwa Municipality of Banke district in the western part of Lumbini Province, Nepal. I purposively selected the secondary  schools of Duduwa Rural Muncipality to explore the problematic in relationship with society and the school family. The rationale behind the selection lies in the low academic achievement of the students. I used observation, interview, and document review to collect the information from the selected schools. The school teachers and guardians have a grudge against the lack of proper educational value and quality upgrading education. The academic discussion got the inference that imagined dominant knowledge of the head teacher, members of the school management committee, president of parent teachers’ association and teachers detaches relation with the society. Therefore, the research recommends measures to be taken by the school management committee and the school family to develop smooth and healthy relations with the public to improve public involvement in quality accreditation.
Identity Integration as a Pedagogical Implication in E. R. Braithwaite’s To Sir with Love
Authors: Labh Bhabes Kumar , Sapkota Ram Chandra
Published: August 2023

Educators’ perspectives, facilitation methods, time constraints, topics of discussion as well as students’ identity vulnerability contribute to academic atmosphere inside class where educators find it challenging to foster mutual understanding and identity integration for effective teaching-learning. It can be a turbulent and emotionally stressful experience for educators to understand themselves in relation to their students. In this light, this paper, using Mark Bracher’s notion of radical pedagogy, focuses on the need to explore students’ identity in order to enhance their academic capacity and learning. Specifically, we argue that in order to meet all students’ learning needs, school educators must explore their own identity through self-analysis along with the identity vulnerabilities of students and integrate their students’ identity needs to enhance classroom dynamics as well as to maintain social justice for better pedagogical implications.
जोबनकै थुम्कोबाट काव्यमा नारीवादी चेतना {Feminist consciousness in poetry from Joban's spit}
Authors: ढकाल Dhakal रजनी Rajani
Published: August 2023

प्रस्तुत लेख जोबनकै थुम्कोबाट काव्यमा नारीवादी चेतनाको विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित छ । जोबनकै थुम्कोबाट कृतिमा सङ्कलित तीनओटै काव्यमा नारीको अवस्था र तिनमा प्रकट भएको नारी चेतनाको स्वर के कस्तो रहेको छ भन्ने समस्यामा केन्द्रित भएर नारीवादी चिन्तनको सैद्धान्तिक आधारमा तीनओटा काव्यको पाठपरक विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । जोबनकै थुम्कोबाटमा रहेका तीनओटै काव्यमा नारीका विषयलाई केन्द्र बनाइएको छ र तत्कालीन समयको नेपाली समाजमा रहेको नारीको अवस्थालाई चिनाउँदै तिनको अवस्थामाथि सहानुभूतिशील स्वर निर्माण गरिएको छ । नारी विषयका यी काव्यहरूले समाजमा नारीको अवस्था चिनाउँदै तिनको सशक्तीकरणको लागि केही तहसम्म नारीवादी चेतनाको निर्माण गरेका छन् भन्ने निष्कर्ष यस अध्ययनबाट प्राप्त भएको छ ।
Pengaruh Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Menggunakan Teknik Mind Mapping Terhadap Perencanaan Karir Mahasantri Angkatan XI Ibnu Katsir 1 Jember
Authors: Ghofur Abdul , Anas Aswar , Syamsiyah ST. Fanatus
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang dampak layanan bimbingan kelompok menggunakan teknik mind mapping kepada perencanaan karir mahasantri angkatan XI Ibnu Katsir 1 Jember. Jenis riset ini adalah kuantitatif. Sedangkan populasinya ialah semua mahasantri angkatan XI Ibnu Katsir 1 Jember dengan sampel sebanyak 6 mahasantri.  Hasil penelitian ini ialah adanya dampak metode teknik mind mapping atas perencanaan karir mahasantri angkatan XI Ibnu Katsir 1 Jember. Hal ini dibuktikan setelah pemberian treatment dengan teknik mind mapping terdapat hasil kalkulasi nilai rata rata pada saat pretest dan posttest menghasilkan kenaikan tingkat perencanaan karir mahasantri angkatan XI Ibnu Katsir 1 Jember. Pada pretest diperoleh skor rata-rata 127,5 dan skor rata-rata pada posttest 199,3 dan selisih diantara nilai pretest dan posttestnya yaitu 71.8.
Pengaruh Layanan Konseling Kelompok dengan Teknik Role Playing Terhadap Pelaku Bullying Siswa SMP Plus Zainuddin Kowel Batu Kerbuy
Authors: Jannah Faizatul
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role play di SMP Plus Zainuddin Kowel Batukerbuy dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Kajian tentang bullying ini sangat penting karena akibat dari kasus bullying bisa berakibat fatal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji Wilcoxon adalah Sig.(-2 tail) yang artinya 0,01 lebih kecil dari 0,05 yang berarti Tes Wilcoxon diterima sebagai dapat diterima. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh yaitu bahwa layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role play memiliki dampak terhadap bullying pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Plus Zainuddin Kowel Batukerbuy.
Pengaruh Bimbingan Kelompok dengan Teknik Self Management Terhadap Penurunan Krisis Identitas Siswa SMA Islam Al-Fattah Bondowoso
Authors: Khotimah Nur , Kurniawan Moh Usman , Ulwiyah Imaratul
Published: August 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah guna mengetahui apakah konseling kelompok yang dikombinasikan dengan pendekatan manajemen diri dapat mengurangi krisis identitas siswa. Penelitian eksperimental digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Semua murid kelas XI SMA Islam Al-Fattah Bondowoso menjadi populasi dalam kesempatan kali ini. Studi riset ini memakai observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner selaku teknik pengumpulan data. Instrumen memakai skala kuesioner berlandaskan skala Likert: sangat sesuai, sesuai, tidak sesuai, dan sangat tidak sesuai. sedangakn guna memperoleh sampel digunakanlah teknik purposive sampling, yakni semua murid kelas XI SMA Islam Al-Fattah. Pretest satu kelompok dan posttest adalah pengaturan eksperimen penelitian ini. Uji Wilxocon match pairs dipakai selaku metode analisis data pada kesempatan kali ini. Penelitian ini meneliti bagaimana penggunaan teknik manajemen diri dalam sebuah kelompok dapat membantu siswa yang mengalami krisis identitas. Skor kuesioner krisis identitas diri siswa kelas XI di SMA Islam Al-Fattah Bondowoso mengalami penurunan setelah diberi perlakuan dengan pendekatan manajemen diri. Terdapat nilai asymp, Sig, (2-tailed) senilai 0,002 yang lebih rendah dari 0,25. Sehingga, layak dikatakan bahwa Ha diterima sedangkan Ho ditolak. Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa rerata hasil kuesioner dari pretest dan posttest berbeda. Dengan demikian, penggabungan keterampilan manajemen diri dengan teknik bimbingan kelompok dapat membantu siswa dalam mengatasi krisis identitas.
Pengaruh Teknik Mind Mapping Terhadap Kemampuan Perencanaan Karier Siswa di SMP IT Al-Ghozali Jember
Authors: Mushlihah Ummu Mushlihah , Rahmawati Weni Kurnia Rahmawati , Jayawardana H.B.A. Jayawardana
Published: August 2023

Mind mapping termasuk dalam salah satu metode pembelajaran quantum learning, yakni gaya pencatatan dengan menggunakan fungsi visual dan sensorik dalam bermacam ide berpola dan saling berkaitan. Berangkat dari tujuan utama, peneliti hendak menguji coba pengaruh penerapan teknik mind mapping terhadap kemampuan perencanaan karier siswa dengan mengambil sampel siswa kelas IX.D SMP IT Al-Ghozali Jember yang berlandaskan teknik penentuan dengan purposive sampling. Penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian pre-experimental dengan bentuk one group pretest-posttest design. Hasil data perbandingan kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji wilcoxon, yakni membandingkan antara data pretest dengan posttest 1 serta membandingkan hasil data pretest dengan posttest 2. Hasil uji wilcoxon pertama adalah Z-score sebesar -0,637 dan nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,524. Kemudian hasil uji wilcoxon kedua adalah Z-score sebesar -1,753 dan nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,080. Berdasarkan hasil uji tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa analisis non-parametric uji wilcoxon signed rank test pada kedua perbandingan data adalah Ha ditolak, sebab hubungan kedua data menghasilkan nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) lebih besar dari batas ambang 0,025 (perbandingan data menyatakan tidak adanya perubahan/pengaruh secara signifikan).
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Peserta Didik Melalui Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Website Materi Siklus Biogeokimia Kelas X-10 di SMA Negeri 3 Jember
Authors: Mentari Karinda Puspa , Komarayanti Sawitri , Sari Yuswita
Published: August 2023

Permasalahan mengenai hasil belajar merupakan permasalahan yang sering ditemui. Salah satunya tengah di hadapi dalam dunia pendidikan, khususnya di Indonesia yaitu, rendahnya hasil belajar siswa. Menurut hasil Surfey Trends in Mathematic and Science Study (TIMSS) tahun 2018, nilai rata-rata prestasi pada sains sebesar 427,0. Nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh menempatkan Indonesia pada posisi 30 dari 49 negara asia tenggara lainya. Masalah lain yang tak jarang ditemui juga yaitu peserta didik yang pasif dan kurang antusias dalam menyelesaikan tugas dari guru berupa LKPD (lembar kerja peserta didik) (Prabowo, 2021). Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Kolaboratif. Strategi atau taktik perlakuan yang diberikan sebagai bentuk solusi permasalahan di kelas X-10 yakni yakni dengan menerapkan kegiatan pembelajaran berbasis website dengan menggunakan Wordwall dan Liveworksheet dalam kaitanya dengan kegitan belajar-mengajar. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar kognitif peserta didik melalui penerapan kegiatan pembelajaran berbasis website materi siklus biogeokimia pada peserta didik kelas X-10 di SMA Negeri 3 Jember. Rata-rata awal hasil belajar kognitif (postes) pada siklus 1 sebesar 70,9 meningkat menjadi 80 pada pembelajaran siklus 2.
Penerapan Problem Based Learning Berbasis Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa kelas X di SMAN 1 Kencong
Authors: Al Badriyah Laily Robi’ah Al Badriyah , Pramono Wahyu Gunawan Pramono , Prafitasari Aulya Nanda Prafitasari
Published: August 2023

Penelitian menggunakan model problem based learning berbasis pembelajaran berdiferensiasi di Kelas X SMAN 1 Kencong, bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah peserta didik lebih tertarik untuk belajar biologi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pelaksanaan pembelajaran siswa. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus dan masing-masing terdiri dari empat tahapan: perencanaan dan pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan hasil tindakan, dan refleksi. Peserta didik kelas X SMAN 1 Kencong tahun 2022/2023 adalah subjek penelitian ini. Dengan menggunakan observasi dan angket, data penelitian dapat dikumpulkan. Hasil penelitian minat belajar menunjukkan bahwa baik dari kondisi awal (pra-siklus) ke siklus I dan dari siklus I ke siklus II, terjadi peningkatan rata-rata. Dalam siklus I, minat belajar biologi peserta didik meningkat dari 39 persen menjadi 60 persen, dan dari siklus I ke siklus II, minat belajar meningkat dari 60 persen menjadi 70 persen. Hasil analisis data dari pra-siklus menunjukkan bahwa minat belajar biologi peserta didik masih rendah, sedangkan pada siklus I, minat belajar menjadi tinggi.
INDIA’S APPROACH TO THE CONFLICT IN UKRAINE: ONE YEAR ON
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Zakharov Aleksei , Rabey Sergey ,   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW)
Published: August 2023

The article examines the Indian approach to the Ukrainian crisis a year after the start of the active phase of the military actions. The authors consider new aspects of the strategic dialogue between Russia and India, analyze the Indian position in voting at the United Nations level, study expert discussions, assess the impact of the conflict on trade and economic cooperation between the two countries. The Ukrainian conflict did not have a significant impact on the political contacts between Russia and India, although it led to an exacerbation of differences in the perception of geopolitical processes associated with the movement of countries towards opposite global centers of power - China and the United States, respectively. The crisis slightly changed the structure of the countries' trade and economic ties, although it brought about record volumes in India's imports of Russian energy resources. However, the growth in trade opens up the potential for a wider range of mechanisms of economic interaction in the long term.
THE FIRST KING’ S SONS OF KUSH AND THEIR PREDECESSORS
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Lavrentyev Nikolay V.
Published: August 2023

This article examines the origin of the position of governor of Nubia — an official who administered the conquered Egyptians of the southern lands. The author reveals the reason for giving the governors of foreign countries of the south the title zA nsw — «king’s son» and tries to find out who was the first «king’s son» who ruled the conquered southern regions.The paper analyzed the evolution of the title zA nsw from the Ancient Kingdom to the end of the II Intermediate period. The officials with the honorary title «king’s son» for their outstanding achievements, as well as to emphasize the special importance of the position they hold, were revealed. In the II Intermediate period, military officials with the title zA nsw appear. Their mission was to command the troops of the most strategically important fortresses and districts of the Theban rulers. Also, military commanders with this title commanded special elite units. During the wars of Kamos and Ahmose against the kingdom of Kush in the south, king’s sons appear who fought against the Kushites — Teti and Djhuti. Inscriptions with their names and titles were found on the rocks of Armina East in the Aniba area. Investigating the connection of the title zA nsw with the military powers of individual commanders, the author comes to the conclusion that Teti and Djhuti were military leaders of elite Majai units that were based in Aniba during the period of the war with the Hyksos. Continuing the wars against the Kushites, the successors of Teti and Djhuti inherit their title, to which they subsequently add the new title imy-r Has.wt rs.yt — «the ruler of the foreign countries of the south.» Officials with the title zA nsw imy-r Has.wt rs.yt become viceroys of the conquered territories. As the administrative apparatus develops, the administrators of the foreign countries of the south, in the period of pharaoh Thutmose IV, receive the final formulation of their title — zA nsw n KAS — «king’s son of Kush».
LEXICAL COMPLEX IN KHMER: «UNNECESSARY VERBOSITY» OR ELABORATION OF MEANING?
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Pogibenko Tamara G.
Published: August 2023

Complexity of language units in Mon- Khmer and other Asian languages of isolating profile is their prominent feature. The article deals with a specific type of Khmer complex units that is lexical complex, in particular verbal lexical complex which has an exceptionally high frequency in Khmer text. In linguistic literature dealing with isolating languages of Asia, including Khmer, this type of complex units is not recognized due to the fact that they do not look different from complex words and serial verb constructions being also sequences of verbs without any means of subordination or coordination. A most characteristic feature of Khmer is chains consisting of several verbs. Their presence in discourse is often seen as unnecessary verbosity, having nothing to do with expression of meaning. Russian linguist D. I. Yelovkov was the first to introduce the concept of lexical complex in Khmer. According to him, a lexical complex consists of two or more lexemes which make up a structural and semantic unity of a special kind [Еловков 2006, с. 106]. He singled out several types of lexical complexes and described their functional potential in detail. It was a real breakthrough in Khmer studies. This article defines the verbal lexical complex as a unit comprised of several verbs with a unified semantic structure without formal links but connected on the semantic level. Two specific types of semantic derivation by means of lexical complexes are analyzed: polysemantic lexical complexes and lexical complexes that eliminate word ambiguity. Data from Modern Khmer, Middle Khmer and Old Khmer is used. Polysemantic lexical complex derivatives are used to characterize different aspects of one single action. Analysis presented in the article allows us to draw the conclusion that the Khmer lexical complex is a well-structured and effective nomination unit which allows the speaker to accurately, concisely and in a smart way express meanings in the amount required. Lexical complex is a language unit which has no analogues in languages of other typological profile.
FIELDWORK IN NORTHEAST INDIA: THE STATE OF TRIPURA
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Zaripova Liliia R.
Published: August 2023

The author went on a fieldwork to the state of Tripura in September–October 2022. It was done as part of the Russian-Indian Anthropological Expedition of Paleoethnology Research Center and Timiryazev State Biology Museum. The main goal was to clarify and add to the data that had been collected during a bio-anthropological research of the Tripuri people in 2019. As a result, the author was able to conduct a questionnaire survey at various educational institutions in Agartala and Khumulwng, collecting a total of 405 questionnaires. The article gives a general summary of the work done to create the questionnaire and details how it was given to Indian students in a classroom environment. This article is based on a presentation given at a meeting of the Center for Indian Studies, RAS, on November 28, 2022.
SECOND INTERNATIONAL SELJUK HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SYMPOSIUM: IRAN (II. ULUSLARARASI SELÇUKLU TARIHI COĞRAFYASI İRAN SEMPOZYUMU), October 13–15, 2022
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), Prudnikov V. V.
Published: August 2023

The review is devoted to the «Second International Seljuk Historical and Geographical Symposium Iran (II. Uluslararası Selçuklu Tarihi Coğrafyası İran Sempozyumu)», which was held on October 13–15, 2022 in Konya (Republic of Turkey) on the basis of the Center for Research on Seljuk Culture and Civilization of the University of Nacmettin Erbakan (Selçuklu Kültür Ve Medeniyeti Uygulama Ve Araştırma Merkezi Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi) with the support of the Turkish Historical Society (Türk Tarih Kurumu) and the Seljuk Municipality of Konya (Selçuklu Belediyesi, Konya). This event is held regularly, traditionally receives wide coverage in the Turkish media and every time causes a great public outcry. The previous Symposium (Uluslararası Selçuklu Tarihi Coğrafyası Suriye-Filistin–Irak Sempozyumu) was held on October 25–27, 2019 and was devoted to the study of topical issues in the history of the Seljuks in the regions of Iraq, Syria and Palestine.
Association of CDKN2A alterations with increased postoperative seizure risk after resection of brain metastases
Authors: Cummins Daniel D. , Garcia Joseph H. , Nguyen Minh P. , Saggi Satvir , Chung Jason E. , Goldschmidt Ezequiel , Berger Mitchel S. , Theodosopoulos Philip V. , Chang Edward F. , Daras Mariza , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. , Aghi Manish K. , Morshed Ramin A.
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE

Seizures are common and significantly disabling for patients with brain metastases (BMs). Although resection can provide seizure control, a subset of patients with BMs may continue to suffer seizures postoperatively. Genomic BM characteristics may influence which patients are at risk for postoperative seizures. This work explores correlations between genomic alterations and risk of postoperative seizures following BM resection.

METHODS

All patients underwent BM resection at a single institution, with available clinical and sequencing data on more than 500 oncogenes. Clinical seizures were documented pre- and postoperatively. A random forest machine learning classification was used to determine candidate genomic alterations associated with postoperative seizures, and clinical and top genomic variables were correlated with postoperative seizures by using Cox proportional hazards models.

RESULTS

There were 112 patients with BMs who underwent 114 surgeries and had at least 1 month of postoperative follow-up. Seizures occurred preoperatively in 26 (22.8%) patients and postoperatively in 25 (21.9%). The Engel classification achieved at 6 months for those with preoperative seizures was class I in 13 (50%); class II in 6 (23.1%); class III in 5 (19.2%), and class IV in 2 (7.7%). In those with postoperative seizures, only 8 (32.0%) had seizures preoperatively, and preoperative seizures were not a significant predictor of postoperative seizures (HR 1.84; 95% CI 0.79–4.37; p = 0.156). On random forest classification and multivariate Cox analysis controlling for factors including recurrence, extent of resection, and number of BMs, CDKN2A alterations were associated with postoperative seizures (HR 3.22; 95% CI 1.27–8.16; p = 0.014). Melanoma BMs were associated with higher risk of postoperative seizures compared with all other primary malignancies (HR 5.23; 95% CI 1.37–19.98; p = 0.016). Of 39 BMs with CDKN2A alteration, 35.9% (14/39) had postoperative seizures, compared to 14.7% (11/75) without CDKN2A alteration. The overall rate of postoperative seizures in melanoma BMs was 42.9% (15/35), compared with 12.7% (10/79) for all other primary malignancies.

CONCLUSIONS

CDKN2A alterations and melanoma primary malignancy are associated with increased postoperative seizure risk following resection of BMs. These results may help guide postoperative seizure prophylaxis in patients undergoing resection of BMs.
Brain metastasis resection: the impact of fluorescence guidance (MetResect study)
Authors: Schebesch Karl-Michael , Höhne Julius , Noeva Ekaterina , Pukrop Tobias , Araceli Tommaso , Schmidt Nils Ole , Proescholdt Martin
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE

Maximal resection of brain metastases (BMs) improves both progression-free survival and overall survival (OS). Fluorescein sodium (FL) in combination with the YELLOW 560-nm filter is a safe and feasible method for visualizing residual tumor tissue during BM resection. The authors of this study aimed to show that use of FL would positively influence the volumetric extent of resection (EOR) and thus the survival outcome in patients undergoing BM resection.

METHODS

Analyzing their institution’s prospective brain tumor registry, the authors identified 539 consecutive patients with BMs (247 women, mean age 62.8 years) by using preoperative high-quality MR images for volumetric analysis. BMs were resected under white light (WL) in 293 patients (54.4%; WL group) and under FL guidance in 246 patients (45.6%; FL group). Sex, age, presurgical Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), recursive partitioning analysis class, and adjuvant treatment modalities were well balanced between the two groups. Volumetric analysis was performed in a blinded fashion by quantifying pre- and postoperative tumor volume based on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted sequences.

RESULTS

In the FL group, the postoperative tumor volume was significantly smaller (p = 0.01), and hence the quantitative EOR was significantly larger (p = 0.024) and OS was significantly longer (p = 0.0001) (log-rank testing). Multivariate Cox regression modeling showed that age, presurgical KPS, metastasis status, and FL-guided resection are independent prognostic factors for survival.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with WL resection, FL-guided BM resection increased resection quality, significantly improved EOR, and prolonged OS.
Examining the bilingual phonological processing and reader profiles for (non)readers of three consistent orthographies: evidence from South Africa
Authors: Schaefer Maxine , Wilsenach Carien
Published: August 2023

Background: Developmental delays in phonological awareness (PA) and rapid autotomized naming (RAN) contribute to reading difficulties, even in consistent orthographies. In South Africa, evidence suggests that these skills correlate with reading in African languages. However, the extent to which PA and RAN contribute to different reading profiles is not known and little information exists about whether reading profiles are similar across South African languages. Objectives: This longitudinal study examined the phonological processing and reader profiles of isiXhosa, isiZulu and Northern Sotho speaking children at two points in time to determine whether consistent profiles emerged. Method: 59 isiXhosa- and 58 isiZulu-speaking children (analysed as one Nguni group) and 131 Northern-Sotho speaking children were assessed at different points in the foundation phase. Children completed a battery of tests assessing PA, RAN, word reading accuracy, and text reading fluency in their first language and English. Results: Latent profile analysis revealed four profiles found in each group and time point: reader, developing reader, delayed PA and double deficit. These groups differed clearly in terms of PA and RAN. Conclusion: The findings support the universality of PA and RAN for (bilingual) reading and support the need for explicit and systematic phonics instruction for reading development.
The Influence of Schooling Fields and Family Environment on Interest in Becoming a Teacher
Authors: Puspasari Durinda , Rahmawati Dita
Published: August 2023

Based on the phenomenon that happened to Surabaya State University students who had implemented the Pengenalan Lapangan Persekolahan (PLP) program, it showed that there was a lack of interest in becoming a teacher. One of the internal factors is teaching experience in the form of the PLP program and the external factor is the family environment. Goal of the study was to analyze the impact of school district (PLP) introduction and home environment on the educational interests of students in administrative education at Surabaya State University. This kind of examination is quantitative using explanatory. The subjects of this research were all students of the Surabaya State University Office Administration Study Program class of 2019 and then had taken PLP courses with a total of 54 people. The instrument used was a questionnaire with a Likert scale of 5. Data analysis techniques include testing for validity also reliability. Classical acceptance tests consist of normality, multicollinearity, also heteroscedasticity tests, and include hypothesis testing using several linear regression tests consisting of t-tests, F-tests, and coefficient-of-squares tests. The outcome of the t-test showed that the introduction of school fields had a positive and significant effect on interest in becoming a teacher, and the family environment had a positive and significant effect on interest in becoming a teacher. The introduction of school fields and family environment has had a positive and significant impact on students’ savor in becoming a teacher in University Office Administration Education students Surabaya Country.
The Effect of Serial Image Media on Students’ Skill in Writing Descriptive Essays
Authors: Sania Dede Zulfa , Hikmat Ade
Published: August 2023

Lack of media used by teachers so far needs to be changed. It is intended that students are not only of high theoretical quality but also of high practical quality. The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of series image media on the writing skills of grade III students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Al-Ikhlasiyah, Depok. In this study there were populations, namely all students in class III A and III B with a sample of 40 students. In this study, the data collection technique used the pretest posttest. The data analysis technique used was Normality and Homogeneity tests. The results of the analysis of research data stated that the existence of a series of media images was very affect with the ability to write descriptive essays for grade III students of MI Al-Ikhlasiyah, Depok. This was seen based on the average score of pretest and posttest results that have been carried out in the experimental group and the control group. The average pretest score obtained by the experimental group was 69, and for the control class the average score was 67.75. After both classes received treatment, the experimental class obtained an average score of 80.75 while for the control class obtained an average of 76.00. The same as the results of calculations through the t-test. The calculation results in the experimental group resulted in a probability value of <0.05, which is 0.000, which means that the series image media affect student learning outcomes.
The Effectiveness of the Discovery Learning Model on Poetry Writing Ability
Authors: Amin Arya Miza , Sukenti Desi
Published: August 2023

The reason for choosing the discovery learning model because it is an active learning model that can help the student’s writing skills. By using this learning model, students can learn to think, analyze, and solve problems. The purpose of the research is to find the effect of the discovery learning model on students’ ability in writing a poetry at Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Negeri 1 Pangkalan Kerinci. This research was experimental research with a form of quasi-experimental design. The sample of this study was two classes, the control class and the experimental class, from Grade X SMA Negeri 1 Pangkalan Kerinci. The number of each class consisted of 32 students. In the experimental class, discovery learning is applied as a treatment, while the control class still uses a conventional learning model. The data analysis used descriptive statistics. The results of the study revealed that learning using the discovery learning model in students’ ability in writing poetry obtains the value of learning completeness at 86.7% which is higher than the conventional learning model. Based on the significant value of Sig (2-tailed) between discovery learning and the ability to write poetry is 0.000 < 0.0. It means that there is a significant effect between discovery learning and student’s ability in writing poetry. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the writing ability in the poetry of SMAN 1 Pangkalan Kerinci students is high by using discovery learning.
Pemanfaatan Air Cucian Beras Sebagai Pupuk Untuk Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Muslimah Ana , Rizal Syamsul , Marmaini Marmaini
Published: August 2023

This research was conducted at the FST Workshop at PGRI Palembang University. The time of the study starts from May to June 2021. This type of research is an experimental study using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method consisting of 5 treatments and 5 replications, so there are 25 treatment units. The treatments consisted of: (P0) with a dose of 0 ml, (P1) with a dose of 100 ml of rice/plant washing water, (P2) with a dose of 200 ml of rice/plant washing water, (P3) with a dose of 300 ml of rice washing water. /plant, and (P4) with a dose of 400 ml of rice washing water/plant. The variables observed in this study were plant height, number of leaves, and wet weight of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.). The results showed that the rice washing water treatment on the growth and yield of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) did not have a significant effect on increasing the number of leaves of mustard greens, but had a significant effect on the growth of plant height and wet weight of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) .).
Jenis - Jenis Serangga Yang Tertarik Dengan Warna Di Kebun Melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Damayanti Sari , Mutiara Dian , Panca Putri Yunita
Published: August 2023

Research on the Order of Diptera on Melon Plant (Cucumis melo L.) was conducted in April - May 2022.”The purpose of the study was to examine the interest of insects in melon plants to various colors in the agrotorism of the Kenten Laut melon garden. This study uses a purposive sampling method, namely by color traps using 4 colors, namely, yellow, green,blue, and red. Observation parameters include the number of insects contained in each trap, color and type of head, mouth apparatus, limbs, antennae, and wings. The results obtained 70 insects fromthe order Diptera. The types of insects found were, Bactrocera dorsalis., Lucilia sp.,”Hermetia illucens, Musca domestica., the insects collected had different morphological types.