bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENDEKATAN EMPIRIS PGA (PEAK GROUND ACCELERATION) PULAU BALI MENGGUNAKAN METODE DONOVAN, MC. GUIRRE, DAN M.V. MICKEY
Authors: ULFIANA, dkk EMI
Published: December 2018

Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai percepatan tanah maksimum atau Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) adalah faktor lokal yang dapat berupa keadaan geologi atau karakteristik suatu wilayah. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nilai PGA pada suatu wilayah terkait perbedaan karakteristik geologi. Nilai PGA pada umumnya didapatkan dari hasil observasi rekaman akselerograf, namun dikarenakan keterbatasan alat akselerograf pada suatu wilayah, maka perhitungan PGA dilakukan dengan pendekatan empiris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rumus empiris Donovan, Mc. Guirre, dan M.V. Mickey terhadap kecocokan nilai PGA pulau Bali berdasarkan peta guncangan tanah, baik berupa Shakemap maupun peta Seismic Hazard pulau Bali. Penelitian menggunakan 738 data parameter gempa bumi dari katalog BMKG dan USGS pada rentang waktu Januari 1963 hingga Oktober 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dibandingkan dengan dua metode empiris lainnya, metode empiris Donovan adalah pendekatan empiris paling baik yang dapat digunakan untuk menghitung nilai PGA di Pulau Bali.
Hazel’s Struggle to Get Her Self-Actualization in John Green’s The Fault in Our Stars
Authors: Chumairoh Putri
Published: December 2018

This research aims to analyze John Green’s novel The Fault in Our Stars which focuses on analyzing Hazel Grace’s character and her struggle to face a stage IV cancer thyroid. The aims of this research are to describe the characteristics of Hazel Grace in The Fault in Our Stars novel and to reveal Hazel’s struggle to fulfill her needs based on Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of need theory. The character and characterization approaches are applied as the foundation of this research. Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of human need theory is applied as well. This theory is classified into five stages of needs which consist of physiological, safety and security, love and belongingness, self-esteem and self-actualization needs. The writer analyzed the data collected by categorizing them into five points which are included in hierarchy of needs. As a conclusion, Hazel able to fulfill her needs with her struggle as well as her self-actualization.
ISLAM EKSKLUSIF YANG TOLERAN: TELAAH ATAS POLA DIDAKTIS ADIT SOPO JARWO
Authors: Yulianto Wawan Eko
Published: December 2018

This study aims to explain the reservations about the popular TV series Adit Sopo Jarwo, whose plots are considered simplistic. Specifically, the questions raised here are: 1) how does didacticism manifest in Adit Sopo Jarwo and 2) what serves as the background forsuch didacticism. I reviewed the theory of didacticism in children’s literature and theories related to the phenomena of post-secularism and post-islamism. The object of this study includesten episodes of Adit Sopo Jarwo. The objects were analyzed in two stages. In the first stage, I analyzed the themes of the objects of study. Then, the pattern obtained from the first stage was discussed with regards to the social and historical backgrounds of the objects. The study resulted in the discovery of the monolithic tendency in the didactic pattern of Adit Sopo Jarwo, which in this case manifests in the presence of Haji Udin as the dominant source of wisdom. It can be interpreted here that Islam is the dominant source of wisdom despite the fact that the characters are diverse in terms of religion. With regards to the social background, this monolithic tendency can be interpreted further as being in line with the phenomena of post-islamism, especially with the notion of exclusivist but tolerant Islam, in which there is an exclusivist tendency in terms of theology but sociologically tolerant.
THE MODERN VIEW ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE ISCHEMIA–REPERFUSION SYNDROME IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Artemov D. V. , Zulkarnaev A. B.
Published: December 2018

This article highlights the main factors of the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion syndrome of renal allograft. Cellular, humoral, and nonspecific mechanisms of renal damage development are described. The possibilities of effective influence on it are limited by objective difficulties, which are mainly associated with the presence of a variety of alternative ways, which ultimately lead to severe graft damage, the rapid development of chronic transplant nephropathy and increase the risk of graft loss. Further research is needed to develop ways to target the main links of pathogenesis.
THE PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CD3+, CD68+, CD20+ INTERSTITIAL CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH KIDNEY ALLOGRAFT GLOMERULITIS
Authors: Dobronravov V. A. , Mukhametdinova A. O. , Khrabrova M. S. , Nabokow A. , Gröne H. -J. , Kliem V.
Published: December 2018

THE OBJECTIVEof the study was to assess the impact of the count of interstitial CD3+, CD68+ and CD20+ cells on long-term prognosis of renal allograft (RA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS.86 RA recipients with biopsy-proven according to the Banff 2013- 2017 criteria glomerulitis were enrolled in this retrospective study. The patients were subdivided into the following groups: 1) isolated glomerulitis with negative donor-specific antibodies (DSA) at the biopsy (n=53); 2) glomerulitis with positive DSA (n=22); 3) glomerulitis with undetermined DSA (n=11). Quantitative assay of interstitial positive cells was performed after immunohistochemical staining for CD68+, CD3+, CD20+. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used for the analysis of the relationship between interstitial CD3+, CD68+, CD20+ cells and risk of RA loss.

RESULTS.CD68+ and CD3+ cells prevailed in interstitium in RA glomerulitis. CD20+ infiltrates were found in 60% of cases. CD20+ cells tended to form infiltrates, in 9 cases these infiltrates reached large sizes (≥ 50 CD20+ lymphocytes) and formed nodular structures. There was no difference in the count of interstitial CD3+ and CD68+ cells and in the presence of CD20+ infiltrates between DSA subgroups. Interstitial CD68+ ≥ 5 cells per field of view (FOV) (x400) and CD3+ ≥ 8 cells per FOV (x400), as well as the presence of large CD20+ infiltrates were associated with a lower RA survival (plog-rank < 0,05). Interstitial CD68+ (≥ 5 cells/FOV), CD3 + (≥ 8 cells/FOV) and the presence of large CD20+ interstitial infiltrates were independently associated with the risk of RA loss in the multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for DSA, cold and warm ischemia time (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION. Grade of interstitial infiltration by CD68+, CD3+ and CD20+ cells in RA glomerulitis could be independent predictor of RA loss.
AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT TUBULOINTERSTITIAL KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Kayukov I. G. , Dobronravov V. A. , Beresneva O. N. , Smirnov A. V.
Published: December 2018

In recent years, the definitions and classifications of congenital tubulo-interstitial kidney diseases have been significantly revised. This is primarily due to the achievements in the molecular biology and genetics, which made it possible to significantly clarify the role of a number of genes encoding certain proteins that are closely involved in kidney functions. In 2015, KDIGO proposed to unify the terminology, diagnostic criteria and approaches to monitoring conditions associated with mutations of the MUC1, UMOD, HNF1B and REN genes, which led to the development of ideas about the new nosology - autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD). A brief description of the basic information about the ADTKD compiled the content of this message.
ERKEK ÖĞRENCİ HEMŞİRELERİN MESLEK SEÇİMİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN BAZI DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Cerit Birgül , Ayyıldız E. Büşra , Öztürk Esra
Published: December 2018

Amaç: Bu
çalışmanın amacı, erkek öğrenci hemşirelerin meslek seçimini etkileyen
faktörlerin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir.  Gereç ve Yöntem: Betimsel
tarama modelinin kullanıldığı bu çalışmanın evrenini bir sağlık yüksekokulunda
öğrenim gören 116 erkek öğrenci hemşire oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada evrenin
tamamı örneklem kapsamına alınmış olup çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 101
öğrenciden elde edilen veriler değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Verilerinin
toplanmasında kişisel bilgi formu ve Hemşirelikte Meslek Seçimi Ölçeği
kullanılmıştır. Ölçek toplam 17 maddeden, mesleki uygunluk ve yaşamsal
nedenler olmak üzere iki alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Ölçek toplam puanı
0-100 arasında değişim göstermektedir. Araştırma verilerinin
değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Kruskal-Wallis testi
ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Erkek
öğrencilerin meslek seçiminde mesleki uygunluk faktöründen yaşamsal nedenlere
göre daha fazla etkilendikleri belirlenmiştir. Erkek öğrenci hemşirelerin
meslek seçimini etkileyen faktörlerin anne, baba eğitimi ve aile gelir düzeyine
göre farklılık göstermediği bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin meslek seçerkenki
hemşirelik algısına göre ise mesleki uygunluk ve yaşamsal nedenler alt
boyutları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır. 

Sonuç: Öğrencilerin
mesleki uygunluk ve yaşamsal nedenlere ilişkin puan ortalamaları ortalamanın
üzerinde belirlenmiştir. Mesleğe ilişkin olumlu algıya sahip olan öğrenciler
mesleki uygunluğun meslek seçiminde etkili olduğunu düşünürken, mesleğe ilişkin
olumsuz algısı olan öğrenciler yaşamsal nedenleri meslek seçiminde önemli bir
faktör olarak görmektedirler.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF SONOELASTOGRAPHY IN BI-RADS 5 BREAST LESIONS
Authors: KAVAK Rasime Pelin , KAVAK Nezih , BAAB Savaş , KILIÇ Murat Özgür , DAĞLAR Gül
Published: December 2018

Objective: Sonoelastography is increasingly
used in the evaluation of breast lesions in recent years. The aim of our study
is to compare the sonoelastography scores found in
the sonoelastography examination and histopathological results of
Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 5 breast lesions and to
determine the usefulness of sonoelastography for identifying the
malignancy of the breast tumors.Material and Methods: Our prospective study
evaluated the age, mass location, size, elastography score, and excisional
biopsy results of 44 patients assessed as BI-RADS 5 on ultrasonography between
December 2014 and February 2015.Results: The mean age of the study population
was 50.02±14.28 years. In 52.3% of the patients, the mass was located in the
left breast the masses had a mean length of 16.93±12.96 mm and a mean
width of 23.39±14.77 mm. Ninety-seven-point seven percent of the cases were
malignant in nature.  The most common mass histopathology was
invasive ductal carcinoma (86.4%). The sensitivity
of sonoelastography was 97.7%. No relationship between the elasticity
score and the presence of malignancy in the malignant group (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Sonoelastography, which is a
noninvasive, reproducible and easy-to-use imaging method is a highly
sensitive test for showing malignant breast lesions (BI-RADS 5) can be
used for distinction of malignant breast lesions.
OPTIMIZING MEDICAL REHABILITATION IN TRAUMAS OF LOCOMOTORIUM IN CONDITIONS OF POLYCLINIC
Authors:   Department of Anatomy at Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Ibodov Saidmukim , Abduazizov Abduvali ,   Khujand Central Polyclinic, Ali-Zade Suhrob ,   Department of Science at Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: December 2018

Objective: To study organization of medical aids in trauma of locomotorium in condition of large-scale amalgamations – polyclinic institutions. Methods: Analysis of the results of treatment of 910 patients, who received the medical rehabilition in the outpatient clinics of Khujand, Chkalovsk, Kairakkum cities, and B. Gafurovskiy District during 2012-2014 years. Locomotorium traumas were received in production, in everyday life, en route or as a result of traffic accidents. Results: After removal of immobilizing boards, wound repair, adhesion of chorda, vessels and nerves, patients received comprehensive rehabilitation in the department of medical rehabilition in no later 3-4 days, thus ensuring compliance with the main organizational principles of rehabilitation (early start, continuity and consistency in conducting, comprehensiveness, individuality, continuity). By significant increase of medical and social effectiveness of the outpatient stage of rehabilitation, and in 63.6±2.8% of cases of rehabilitation completed with full functional recovery of the organism function and restoration of orthopedic injuries, 31.8±1.8% – in significant improvement, and in 90.2% cases patients returned to their previous work. Conclusion: Rational organization of comprehensive rehabilitation of trauma patients with musculosceletal disorders in polyclinic framed as a single rehabilitation system improves,which its quality, reduces the period of temporary disability and economic losses in the national economy. Keywords: Medical rehabilitation, locomotorium.
DETECTABILITY OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN SCHOOLCHILDREN FROM DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Phthisiopulmonology at ATSMU, Sirodjidinova Umrinisso , Bobokhodjaev Oktam ,   Department of Phthisiopulmonology at ATSMU, Pirov Kadridin ,   Department of Phthisiopulmonology at ATSMU, Sirodjidinov Fakhridin
Published: December 2018

Objective: To study the infection rate and latent forms of tuberculosis (TB) among the children of school age. Methods: Comparative results of tuberculin diagnostics among children of school age (8-14 years) in Dushanbe (4284 children) and in the rural area of the Dj. Rumi district (1884 children) at the Khatlon region of the Republic of Tajikistan are presented. Results: The obtained data confirm that the infection of children with TB in Dushanbe comprises 10.7% and in rural areas 1,5 times more than urban reaching 16.2%. Patients who have not been previously reported to anti-tuberculosis institutions were detected: in Dushanbe – 4 patients, in the village – 3 patients. The number of identified patients in the recalculation for 100,000 surveyed people in Dushanbe reached 93.2 and in the village it was almost 2 times more – 159.2. Conclusion: One of the main reason is the lack of unregular tuberculin diagnostics, ignorance of BCG revaccination and unawareness of PHC doctors in undetected patients among the schoolchildren. Keywords: Tuberculosis, tuberculin diagnostics, prepubertal age, infection, morbidity.
EFFICIENCY AND ADHERENCE TO THE THERAPY FOR HIV INFECTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Infectious Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rahmanov Erkin , Tsoy Victoriya ,   Department of Infectious Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Sharipov Turahon ,   City Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital, Dushanbe, Bukhoriev Kobiljon ,   City Medical Center for AIDS Control and Prevention, Dushanbe
Published: December 2018

Objective: Integrated assessment of effectiveness of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and adherence to the therapy in HIVinfected patients with clinical stages of 3 and 4. Methods: Forty two patients receiving HAART underwent investigation. The assessment of adherence was conducted on the base of simplified questionnaire to evaluate the precision of the followed regime of taking drugs, method and counting the consumed pills. Virological, immunological and clinical criterias were used to monitor the efficacy of the therapy. Results: According to the survey results and counted pills, a high adherence was observed in 30 (71.4%) of patients, medium in 4 (9.5%), low in 8 (19.0%). In analyze of reasons with poor adherence to the therapy are: in first place the consumption of addictive drugs, and the second: the development of side effects from HAART, which was connected with the resumption of narcotic substance and the late onset of specific therapy of HIV infectious. The efficacy of conducted antiretroviral therapy in 32 (76.2%) HIV-infected patients was observed in immunological, virological and clinical settings. The discordance between the virological and immunological responses was observed in 5 (11.9%) of patients, where immunological efficacy was not achieved in 2 patients, and virological failure was detected in 3 patients. The therapy was not effective in 5 (11.9%) of patients from the group with low level of adherence. Conclusion: To achieve the desirable result of HAART, it is necessary of high adherence to the therapy and eradication of the negative factors that affects to it. Keywords: HAART, effectiveness, adherence.
INFLUENCE OF SEVERE BLUNT CHEST TRAUMA ON GAS EXCHANGE
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Avicenna TSMU, Ahmedov Jamoledin , Davlatov Bahriddin ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Avicenna TSMU, Nurov Asat ,   Reanimation Department of National Medical Center, Safoev Khairiddin ,   Reanimation Department of National Medical Center
Published: December 2018

Objective: Study of the mechanisms of gas exchange abnormalities in a chest injury. Methods: The state of gas exchange was studied in 40 patients with the blunt chest trauma (BCT) in the resuscitation unit of the National Medical Center of Tajikistan. In 10 (25%) patients were isolated, in 30 (75%) – combined injuries. Results: The function of external respiration with the BCT was characterized with the reduction of respiratory volume and vital capacity of lungs, which was conducted with evident pain factor leading to the limitation of respiratory chest excursion. Conclusion: The leading reasons for acute respiratory failures lay to severe arterial hypoxemia on the BCT are intrapulmonary trauma changes (lung contusion, multiple fractures of the rib), which cause to sharp enlargement of intrapulmonary shunting. In case of the chest injury without intrapulmonary damages, the main treatment measures should be aimed at eliminating the pain syndrome as the main pathogenetic mechanism of gas exchange disturbances. In the presence of intrapulmonary traumatic changes, the thorough sanitation of the tracheobronchial tree, the prevention of pneumonia and the transfer to artificial lung ventilation are of primary importance. Keywords: Blunt chest trauma, closed chest injury, gas exchange, disturbance of external respiration functions, artificial lung ventilation.
ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE IN LESION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Avicenna TSMU, Ahmedov Jamoledin , Davlatov Bahriddin ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Avicenna TSMU, Davlatov Latif ,   Reanimation Department of National Medical Center, Davlatov Dilshod ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Avicenna TSMU
Published: December 2018

Objective: The analysis of clinical physiology of acute respiratory failure, depending on the localization of the process in the nervous system in various diseases of it and the setting of indications for artificial ventilation of lungs (AVL). Methods: Traced 26 patients with serious diseases of the nervous system, who needed to the AVL, and which were in aftercare in the Resuscitation Department of the National Medical Center. Results: Depending on the lesion of the nervous system, the patients were divided into 2 groups. 18 (69%) of patients (group I) received central nervous system damage (strokes, encephalitis), which caused of acute respiratory failure (ARF). In 8 (31%) of patients (group II), the cause of ARF was the pareses and stethoparalyses (polyradiculoneuropathy, myasthenia). Conclusion: Clinical syndromes in lesions of the central regulation of respiratory system are the partial or complete loss of voluntary breathing and coughing as well as pathological forms of respiratory movements. The assessment of respiratory failure is based on the degrees of liquation of PO2, the diffusive capability of the lungs, an increase in the ventilation-perfusion ratio, and an increase in the physiological dead space by a factor of 1.5. Keywords: Acute respiratory failure, artificial ventilation of lungs (AVL), violation of ventilation-perfusion ratio.
PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF BONE MARROW ADULT STEM CELL CD133+
Authors:   Department of Normal Physiology, Avicenna TSMU, Irgasheva Jamila , Aldybiat Iman ,   Paris Sorbonne Cité University, Lariboisière Hospital, Shukurov Firuz ,   Department of Normal Physiology, Avicenna TSMU, Mirshahi Massoud ,   Paris Sorbonne Cité University, Lariboisière Hospital
Published: December 2018

Objective: Тo analyze the in vitro comportment of the CD133+ cells and their profile for cytokines secretion. Methods: Bone marrow samples were obtained from 5 healthy individuals. Mesenchymal stem cells CD133+ extracted by magnetic bead from human bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs). BMMNCs were isolated by density-gradient centrifugation over Ficoll-400. Isolated CD133+ cells were plated on 0.2% gelatin-coated wells in the presence of free culture medium for cytokines analysis and with rich culture medium for spherical stem cell cluster generation. The proteins detected by protein array from the three independent cell preparations were considered as bioactive proteins.Results: Isolated CD133+ cells using magnetic bead present more than 87±6% and 8±5% CD34+ cells as assessed by flow cytometry and differentiate into adherent cells. CD133+ cells generate spheroid cell clusters in rich culture medium. Biological classification of the bioactive proteins secreted by the primo culture of CD133+/ CD34+ BMMNCs after 36h in conditioned culture medium showed the presence of several categories of cytokines. Among these, the cardiac hypertrophic factor, the pro-angiogenic factors, the pro-inflammatory factors, wound healing factors such as MMPs-TIMPs, the neurophilic factors, the morphogenetic proteins and hematopoietic growth factors can be mentioned. Conclusion: Our results indicate that CD133+ extracted from BMMNCs secretes important bioactive proteins. The multiple properties of these cytokines undoubtedly offer many therapeutic advantages. Keywords: CD133+ stem cells, spheroids formation, bone marrow, cytokines, growth factors.
COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF POORLY DIFFERENTIATED SEROUS AND ENDOMETRIOID OVARIAN CARCINOMAS
Authors:   Department of Pathological Anatomy, NWSMU named after I.I. Mechnikov, Khmelnitskaya Natalia , Melieva Zukhra ,   Department of Pathological Anatomy of the NWSMU named after I.I. Mechnikov, Lipova Valentina ,   Department of Pathological Anatomy, NWSMU named after I.I. Mechnikov, Melieva Fotima ,   Department of Pathological Anatomy, NWSMU named after I.I. Mechnikov
Published: December 2018

Objective: Detection of the morphological symptoms for differential diagnostic of the serous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas with a low degree of differentiation.Methods: The results of morphological diagnostics of 100 patients of different age groups suffering from ovarian cancer were analyzed.Results: Determination of specific histological and cellular features of cancer cells, helping to distinguish poorly differentiated serous carcinoma from endometrioid ovarian cancer with reduced differentiation.Conclusion: The carried out studies allows to establish a histogenetic morphological diagnosis on the basis of the analysis of the operating material, rationally drawing up a plan for treating the patient and determining the prognosis of the disease. It is necessary to carry out a macro- and microscopic examination of the operating material using the traditional methods of staining, as well as with the use of immunohistochemistry. Keywords: Poorly differentiated ovarian carcinomas, clinical stages of tumour spread, morphology, immunohistochemistry.
SOME ASPECTS OF PATHOGENESIS OF THE VENTRAL HERNIAS
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases № 1, Avicenna TSMU, Karimkhon Kurbonov , Fakirov Khushbakht ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 1, Avicenna TSMU, Nazirboev Kahramon ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 1, Avicenna TSMU
Published: December 2018

Objective: To study some features of pathogenetic mechanisms of development of ventral hernias. Methods: The results of diagnostics and treatment of 140 patients with ventral hernias are analyzed. In 75 (53.6%) cases there were acquired hernias, and in 65 (46.4%) – postoperative cases. The size of the hernial protrusion of the latter is distributed as follows: giant (n = 12), large (n = 42), medium (n = 58) and small (n = 28). Results: To study the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of the origin of ventral hernias and their relapses in 60 (42.8%) observations of the parameters of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the aponeurosis biopsy material and muscles with different sizes of hernial gates. Thus, the content of conjugated dienes and malonic dialdehyde in aponeurosis with large ventral hernia reached 1.7±0.07 μmol/mg and 3.5±0.03 μmol/mg, and in biopsies of rectus abdominal muscles 1.9±0.03 μmol/mg and 3.7±0.02 μmol/mg, respectively. The dependence between the content in the blood of the free hydroxyproline and the dimensions of a ventral hernia was noted. Thus, with small ventral hernias, these indices were 21.6±1.4 μmol/l, and for medium and large – 23.1±0.5 μmol/l and 24.2±1.1 μmol/l, respectively. Conclusion: When performing hernioplasty, it is advisable to excise the margins of the aponeurosis of the hernia gates zone, where there is a high content of LPO and the consequences of morphological changes, that allows reducing the frequency of relapse herniation development. Keywords: Ventral hernia, lipid peroxidation, relapse.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF COMPLEX OPERATIVE-MEDICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH COMPLICATED FORMS OF THE DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROME
Authors:   Department of General Surgery № 2, Avicenna TSMU, Yusupova Shoira , Nabiev Muzaffar ,   Department of General Surgery № 2, Avicenna TSMU, Sayhunov Kutbiddin ,   Department of General Surgery № 2, Avicenna TSMU
Published: December 2018

Objective: Conduct a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the surgical and medicamentous treatment of the complicated forms of the diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). Methods: The results of complex diagnostics and treatment of 310 patients with the complicated form of DFS for the period 2013-2016, hospitalized in the Surgical Department of the State Clinical Hospital № 3 in Dushanbe, were analyzed. The men were 132 (42.5%), women – 178 (57.5%). The age of the patients variated from 38 to 84 years. Duration of treatment from the moment of its fluctuation from 2 to 21 years. The absolute majority of patients who suffered from serious forms of diabetes mellitus (DM): DM type I – 8.2%, DM type II – 91.8%. Results: With the purpose to distalize the level of amputation to support function of the foot, against the background of appropriate conservative therapy, a two-stage operational tactic was used. At the first stage, opening rots and small surgical interventions on the foot were carried out, on the second stage the plastical substitution of shortcoming tissue of foot and forming of the stump on the level of under the one-third of the shin. A reduction of the lethality has come after amputation to 1.9%, in total lethality to 7.1%. Metatarsal resections and exarticulation of toes of foot in 92.5% of cases where the reason for the repeated hospitalization of patients with an ipsilateral limb in consequence of amiss orthopedical correction of the impaired supporting function. Conclusion: The main point of the treatment for patients with complicated forms of DFS is the timeliness and correctness of the choice of methods of surgical and medicamentous treatment. At the same time, it is necessary to adhere to the organo-saving and functionallyeffortless tactics of the operative interventions. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot syndrome, suppurative complications, Vazaprostan.
MANIFESTATIONS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN OF 10-14 YEARS WITH OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY
Authors:   Department of Adaptive Physical Education, Physiology and Medical and Biological Disciplines, Lipetsk State Pedagogical University named after P.P. Semyonov-Tien-Shansky, Petkevich Alla , Bruykov Aleksey ,   Department of Medical Biology with a Course of Infectious Diseases of the Medical Institute, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, Gulin Aleksandr ,   Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology of the Medical Institute, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin
Published: December 2018

Objective: Studying the possibilities of optimizing criteria of verification metabolic syndrome in children of 10-14 years old with overweight and obesity. Methods: The study included 16 boys and 12 girls who were on rehabilitation at the recreation centre. The middle age was 12.8±1.5 years. The morphofunctional state was studied with the help of anthropometric measurements (height, body weight, waist circumference), bioimpedance study, functional methods of cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous systems, Kerdo index. Results: Changes in the carbohydrate and lipid profiles, which led to the functional disorders in the cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous systems, indicated in the presence of insulin resistance in 35.7% of adolescents, the magnitude of pronouncedness that were calculated in points according to the special Shandler-Biermann scale based on the mass index of a body. Conclusion: Because hypodynamia is the fundamental cause of the development of the metabolic syndrome, the fundamental purpose of the corrective program, which was physical activity since the muscles are the main place for utilizing dextrose. Keywords: Abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, nervous system, insulin resistance.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES OF CORTICOTROPIC ADENOCYTES OF HYPOPHYSIS AT LONG-TERM EXPOSURE OF RED SLUDGE
Authors:   Department of Biological Fundamentals of Physical Culture and Sports of Nikolaev National University named after V.A. Sukhomlinsky, Rozhkov Igor , Boretsky Gennady ,   Department of Biological Fundamentals of Physical Culture and Sports of the Nikolaev National University named after V.A. Sukhomlinsky
Published: December 2018

Objective: The study of the features of ultrastructural changes and the character of the reparative processes in corticotropic cells (CC) of adenohypophysis exposure of red sludge. Methods: A study of the ultrastructural organization of the CC of hypophyses of the laboratory rats was carried out on an electron microscope GEM-100CX (Japan). To determine ultrastructural regularities of CC, the morphometric processing of the electron diffraction patterns was carried out on the computer image analyzer IBAS-2000 of OPTON Company (Germany). The concentration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was determined by a «two-step» enzyme immunoassay method for measuring the biologically active molecule of ACTH using the Biometrica test kit (USA). Results: Compared with control animals, in the conditions of exposure of red sludge in 14-day-old rats in the CC of the adenohypophysis, the nuclei indicate an increase in chromatin area, and in the cytoplasm - the amounts of the mitochondrion, secretory granules and its activity. However, in individual CCs, hyperchromium, corrugation and oedema of the nuclei are observed, in the cytoplasm - the vacuolization of the endoplasmic reticulum with partial destruction of its membranes and the formation of cavities, as well as compaction of the mitochondrial matrix. In 45-day-old animals, a reduction amount of chromatin is observed in the nuclei, and mitochondrion and secretory granules in the cytoplasm. In the ultrastructural organization of the majority of CC, the expressed dystrophic and destructive changes are revealed. On the 180th day of the action of red sludge with the simultaneous decrease in the morphometric indices of the CC and increasing in cells the evidence of dystrophic changes, the signs of regeneration have emerged (scale up the size and amount of the elements of the Golgi complex, the granular endoplasmic reticulum, young forms of mitochondrion, free ribosomes and polyribosomes). Conclusion: Reliably in the experiment the influence of red sludge on the ultrastructural organization of CC in the entryway part of hypophysis the temporal dependence effectiveness of adaptive reactions are placed. Maximum tension of mechanisms of adaptation was mentioned in the early period of exposure of red sludge. The inconsistency of adapt-accommodative mechanisms on the 45th day of the experiment was probably connected with the depletion of compensatory mechanisms. The regenerative-compensatory changes in CC in distant deadlines of the experiment proposes the possibility of adaptive regeneration in the time span. Keywords: Adenohypophysis, corticotropic cells, ultrastructure, red sludge.
SIGNIFICANCE OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION AND ELASTOMETRY INDICES OF LIVER IN THE TACTICS OF HIV/HCV CO-INFECTION TREATMENT
Authors:   Department of Infectious Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, RAKHMANOV E.R. , GULYAMOVA N.M. ,   Department of Infectious Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, TSOY V.N. ,   Department of Infectious Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, SHARIPOV Т.М. ,   The Local Center for AIDS Control and Prevention, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, SAYFUDDINOV O. ,   Institute of Gastroenterology, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: December 2018

Objective: Correction of the main treatment regimen for HIV/HCV co-infection, taking into account the degree of immunosuppression based on indices of CD4+ cells in 1 μl of blood and the severity of hepatic fibrosis tissue according to the elastometry of the liver Methods: A complex examination of 21 patients with HIV/HCV co-infection was carried out, according to anamnestic data who are the users of long-term injecting drugs. The diagnosis of HIV infection was confirmed by the positive result of the rapid test, ELISA, (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), immunoblotting. Hepatitis C virus is diagnosed by detection by ELISA of serum anti-HCV. To determine the degree of liver fibrosis, the method of elastometry on the FibroScan apparatus (France) was used on the basis of the Institute of Gastroenterology. The results were evaluated on a scale of the degree of fibrosis of liver METAVIR from F0 (healthy liver) to F4 (hepatic cirrhosis). The number of CD4+ lymphocytes in 1 μl of blood was determined by flow cytometry. Results: With a targeted comprehensive examination of 21 patients with HIV/HCV co-infection, pronounced oscillations in the results of elastometry of the hepatic tissue (from F0 to F4), regardless of the number of CD4+ cells (24 to 809 cells/μl) were found. Conclusion: The results obtained indicate that there is no direct correlation between the degree of immunosuppression in CD4+ indices and the process of formation of hepatic fibrosis in patients with co-infection with HIV/HCV, which is a significant additional diagnostic criterion in choosing the priority of therapy. Keywords: Elastometry, immunosuppression, co-infection, HIV, HCV.
HYGIENIC ESTIMATION OF VITAMINS A, E and β-CAROTENE CONTENT IN RATION OF CADETS AT MILITARY LYCEUM, BISHKEK
Authors:   Department of Hygiene Disciplines, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, ERBAEV A.T. , KOCHKOROVA F.A. ,   Department of Hygiene Disciplines, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, ESENAMANOVA M.K. ,   Department of Hygiene Disciplines, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, ATAMBAEVA R.M. ,   Department of Hygiene Disciplines, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republi, TSIVINSKAYA T.A. ,   Department of Hygiene Disciplines, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, KITAROVA G.S. ,   Department of Physics, Medical Informatics, Biology, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after B.N. Yeltsin, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic,   Republican Scientific Medical Library of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
Published: December 2018

Objective: Hygienic estimation of the provision of vitamins A, E and β-carotene in the dietary intake of cadets of the military lyceum. Methods: 267 cadets of the Bishkek Military Lyceum named after D. Asanov, the dietary intake for the educational period 2014-2015 were studied. The obtained data were compared with the existing norms of physiological needs in basal diet, energy, basic foodstuffs for various groups of the population of the Kyrgyz Republic. Results: The analysis of the actual daily intake of fat-soluble vitamins by adole cadets revealed an insufficient content of vitamin A and β-carotene in the alimentation of adolescents, although the consumption of vitamin E slightly exceeded the recommended standards. A significant difference in the content of liposoluble vitamins was found depending on the season of the year: in autumn (vitamin A), winter and summer periods (β-carotene). The content of fat-soluble vitamins in the ration during the examination period was at the same level, which indirectly indicated an approximately identical food assortment in the diet of cadets at the military lyceum. Conclusion: A possible cause of the growth in the total morbidity among cadets of the Bishkek Military Lyceum named after D. Asanov, according to the analysis of somatic status, by them could be the insufficient intake of vitamin A and β-carotene. Keywords: Vitamins A, E, , β-carotene, food ration (diet), adolescent cadets.
THE INFLUENCE OF HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON SPECTRAL INDICES OF HEART RHYTHM IN PATIENTS WITH HIV INFECTION
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine № 2, Avicenna TSMU, Khamidov N Nabijon , Khursanov Nazhmidin ,   Department of Internal Medicine № 2, Avicenna TSMU, Voronetskaya Kamila ,   Department of Internal Medicine № 2, Avicenna TSMU, Rakhmanov E Erkin ,   Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Avicenna TSMU
Published: December 2018

Objective: To study the frequency of heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with HIV infection 12 weeks after highly active antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Examined 95 persons aged 24 to 52 years. The main group consisted of 60 patients with HIV infection: 49 men (57.5%) and 11 women (42.5%). The control group included 35 HIV-infected patients of comparable sex and age. A study of the spectral parameters of HRV carried out with the help of the apparatus VARIKARD 2.51 (Russia). Results: After highly active antiretroviral therapy, against the background of improvement in the overall clinical state, HIV-positive patients showed a positive trend from the HRV spectra: total power (TP) increased by 5% (from 1469.9 ± 52.4 up to 1539.1 ± 54.1 ms2) due to an increase in the contribution of the parasympathetic part of the vegetative nervous system. After 3 months of the study, in the patients of the comparison group, against the background of worsening of the overall clinical condition, negative dynamics observed on the part of the HRV frequency parameters. TP decreased by 12% due to increased sympathetic involvement and decreased parasympathetic parts of the vegetative nervous system. Conclusion: The obtained results showed improvement of adaptation processes in HIV-infected patients against the background of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Keywords: HIV infection, heart rate variability, spectral indices, highly active antiretroviral therapy.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF TEACHING BASIC MODULE «CARE FOR SURGICAL PATIENTS» TO STUDENTS OF THE FIRST COURSE OF THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Department of General Surgery named after Professor M.I. Gulman, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. VoynoYasenetsky, Dyabkin Evgeny , Kopytova Kristina ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. VoynoYasenetsky
Published: December 2018

Modern standards of teaching the course «Care for surgical patients» presuppose the presence of high competition among the teaching staff and practical focus on the formation of clinical thinking of students. Unfortunately, students are not fully familiar with the nuances of applying the theoretical information offered in the course, in practice. To form the full competence of the future specialist, it is important to study the main objectives of the course and teachers could use methods of teaching the discipline that. Examples given of the use of foreign experience, for example, the study of screening systems to determine the patient’s satisfaction with the quality of the medical services provided. Prospects for the study are based on the introduction of additional practical exercises and the observance of existing medical and ethical standards, regulated by the laws of Russia. Attention is focused on the main disciplines studied in the medical college, examining the mental and psychological health of the patient, as well as the ability of medical students to visually identify and fix the patient’s state of the department of surgery. As methods of research, practical experience in teaching, information from domestic and foreign colleagues is taken as a basis, which together forms the tasks and subjects of the course.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SIMULATION TRAINING ON BASIC RESUSCITATION MEASURES IN SKILLS TRAINING CENTER OF AVICENNA TAJIK STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Skills Training Center of Avicenna TSMU, Rakhimov Nurmakhmad , Usmanov Jamshed ,   Skills Training Center of Avicenna TSMU, Chistyak Valentina ,   Skills Training Center of Avicenna TSMU, Kayumova Gulshan ,   Skills Training Center of Avicenna TSMU, Safoev Khayriddin ,   National Medical Center of the Republic of Tajikistan
Published: December 2018

Objective: To study the effectiveness of simulation training for mastering basic life support by students of the 6th course of the Medical University.Methods: The study involved 30 students of the 6th course of the Medical Faculty are divided into 2 groups of 15 people, who participated in workshops on databases resuscitation using informational computer technologies. In the main group applied the four-stage teaching techniques, while in the control group used the traditional approach. Cadet’s skills when conducting basic resuscitation measures assessed on their right and wrong actions. Results: When comparing the results obtained the biggest difference between the groups. The average assessments of right actions in the main and control groups reliably different from each other and were 85.6% and 47.8% (p 0.01), accordingly Conclusion: Simulation medicine with the use of four-stage teaching methods and application of informational computer technologies and uncomplicated version equipment allows students to real-time master the practical skills in basic resuscitation measures and reduce their stress reactions. Keywords: Simulation medicine, simulation technology, resuscitation.
ANALYSIS AND RATING ASSESSMENT OF INFORMATIVENESS OF CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA OF AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RHEUMATOLOGY/EUROPEAN LEAGUE AGAINST RHEUMATISM 2010 IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSTICS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors:   Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, Avicenna TSMU, Madzhonova Makhvash , Sharifov Kuvvatali ,   Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, Avicenna TSMU, Khamidov Firuz ,   Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, Avicenna TSMU, Saidov Yor ,   Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, Avicenna TSMU, Makhmudov Khayom
Published: December 2018

Objective: To study and determine the rating significance of the main diagnostic positions of the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR 2010) in the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods: 26 patients examined with a presumptive diagnosis of RA, who was diagnosed with the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria at the first hospitalization, with a duration of «rheumatoid history» less than 12 months after the onset of symptoms of inflammatory joint damage.Results: Found that among the individual diagnostic positions, the classification criteria ACR/EULAR 2010, the highest rating in the verification of the diagnosis of «Early RA» have inflammatory lesions of a significant number (4-10) of small joints of hands and feet, as well as positive for to the rheumatoid factor and antibodies to the cyclic citrulled peptide.Conclusion: The obtained results testify to the high informativeness and sensitivity of the classification criteria ACR/EULAR 2010 in the verification of the diagnosis of RA in the debut stage of the disease.Keywords: Early rheumatoid arthritis, classification criteria ACR/EULAR 2010, rating assessment.
COMPLICATIONS OF HIP JOINT ENDOPROSTHESIS
Authors:   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Field Surgery of Avicenna TSMU, Safarov Jafar
Published: December 2018

Objective: To study the complications of hip joint endoprosthesis for congenital hip dislocation.Methods: The study included 62 patients, who performed hip joint endoprosthesis (HJE). Timing observations were from 2 to 12 years. Evaluation of the results was carried out on the basis of digital radiography, CT (according to indications), ultrasound sonography and electroneuromyography.Results: The results of operations performed were evaluated in terms of 3, 6, 12 months and, subsequently, every year. The functional result of the endoprosthesis was assessed deadlines according to the Harris scale. When analyzing the results, the following complications were revealed: profuse bleeding (1.7%), femur fracture (2.6%), fracture of the corpuscular acetabular layer (0.6%), sciatic neuropathy (3.1%) and femoral neuropathy (0.6%), loosening of the femoral component (1.7%), wear of polyethylene prosthesis (1.4%), phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of lower extremities (28.8%), resorption of autografts (27.4%).Conclusion: Complications with HJE are inevitable. However, their number can be controlled and reduced with sufficient experience. In general, complications with HJE did not significantly affect the results, because the total assessment of endoprosthesis by Harris was 86-92 points.Keywords: Hip joint, congenital hip dislocation, endoprosthesis, complication.
MODERN THEORY OF ETIOPATHOGENESIS AND PREVENTION OF PREECLAMPSIA
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna TSMU, Dodkhoeva Munavvara , Olimova Farangis ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna TSMU
Published: December 2018

Based on the analysis of world literature, found that preeclampsia, as the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, is currently one of the unresolved obstetric questions in the world. The negative impact of preeclampsia on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes affect the quality of life not only of the mother but also of the future descendants, which is a public health problem and which must be addressed especially to developing countries
CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM OF SURGICAL TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH VARICOCELE
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases and Endoscopy Surgery, Institute of Postgraduate Education in Healthcare, Mukhiddinov Nuriddin , Malikov Mirzobadal ,   Department of Reconstructive and Plastic Microsurgery of the Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Odinaev Khokimbeg ,   Department of Endoscopy Urology, Scientific and Educational Clinical Center of Urology, Abdulloev Zikriyo ,   Department of Reconstructive Surgery of the Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery
Published: December 2018

The article presents modern aspects of surgical treatment of varicocele, comparison of various techniques of operative interventions in this pathology, as well as further optimization management of patients with this disease. Given all the data studied in the analysis of contemporary literature, issue improving testimony for performing individual methods in surgical treatment remains relevant and require additional research.