bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT STUDY FRAMEWORK INDICATOR OF NEED ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING USING ISLAMIC APPROACH
Authors: Ahmad Karyono Ibnu
Published: December 2021

This research aims to develop indicator framework of need analysis Islamic guidance and counseling. Method used in this research base on qualitative research approach. This research using qualitative research under the consideration that this research will reconstructed point of view of new conceptualization by conducting literary study base on practice reflection become counseling with judgment in Indonesia Language expert and guidance and counseling expert but it isnâ€™t until validity test and item reliability yet. The result of this research show competence aspect and accomplishment indicator in instrument using Alâ€™Quran sura Lukman verse 12-19, because this sura known as base of Islamic education value and sura Al Furqaan verse 63-74
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTSâ€™ COGNITIVE STRUCTURES USING FREE WORD-ASSOCIATION TEST IN CHEMISTRY LEARNING
Authors: Muningsih Norma -
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the cognitive structure of high school students of class XI with free word-association method in teaching chemistry at the material buffer solution. The research was conducted in the second semester with a sample of 37 students at SMAN 89 Jakarta. The method used is qualitative in interpretivism paradigm, focused on the analysis of cognitive structures using free word-association method in teaching chemistry. Data obtained by interview, documentation, observation and student assignments through free word-association. Instruments free word-association tests contain stimulus word of "buffer" to collect information about students' conceptual structure in the material buffer solution. The data were subject to content analysis and divided into categories through coding. Results of this study is  there are five categories in the distribution of cognitive structures through free word-association test. These categories include the definition of a buffer solution, buffer solution properties, creation of buffer solution, pH buffer solution and calculate the buffer system in biological systems. The most dominant category is category nature buffer solution. The conclusion is that students have the cognitive structure of the most widely through recall or rote learning and there are learning difficulties experienced by students in learning material buffer solution.
EVALUATION OF MEMORIES LEARNING PROGRAM AL-QUR'AN AS A LOCAL CURRICULUM AT MTs.N 7 MODUR JAKARTA TIMUR (Evaluative Research Using CSE-UCLA Models)
Authors: Hidayati Wildani
Published: December 2021

Abstract

This study aims to find out how effective the implementation of Qur'anic learning in MTs.N 7 East Jakarta models. This study is classified as evaluative research using the CSE-UCLA model consisting of assessment, program planning, implementation programs, programs improvement and program certification. The subject of this study consisted of: school principal, mentor, student and student guardian. Data collection methods are carried out with questionnaires, observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study are the Miles and Huburmen models. The activity in data analysis is data reduction , data display (data presentation), and conclusion drawing / verification (drawing conclusions / verification). The research findings show that the Al-Qur'an learning program has been running effectively even though there are obstacles that need to be corrected
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATION CULTURE AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION ON THE WORK ATTITUDE OF PRIVATE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN TANJUNG PRIOK DISTRICT, JAKARTA
Authors: Elfridauli Elfridauli
Published: December 2021

Work attitude of teachers greatly influences the success of an education, which is influenced by several factors such as organizational culture, job satisfaction, job involvement, compensation, work comfort and interpersonal communication. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of organizational culture and interpersonal communication on the work attitude of private junior high school teachers in Tanjung Priok District. This research was conducted using survey method with quantitative approach and path analysis technique. The populations in this study were 307 teachers with 75 research samples of teachers selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were obtained through questionnaire and analyzed using path analysis technique. Based on the results of data analysis in this study, it can be concluded: (1) organizational culture has a direct positive influence on teacher work attitude; (2) interpersonal communication also has a positive direct effect on teacher work attitude; (3) organizational culture has a positive direct effect on interpersonal communication. Therefore, work attitude can be developed through the improvement of organizational culture and interpersonal communication.
THE EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL EDUCATION STANDARDS ON ANTECEDENT COMPONENTS IN SPECIAL OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Noviah Ema , Rahayu Wardani
Published: December 2021

The children's Special Correctional Institution (LPKA) on Tangerang City is one of the institutions that organizes the form of coaching Vocational High School (SMK). Implementation of education in Vocational High School must meet the minimum criteria in accordance with national education standards. Learning planning, educator qualifications and infrastructure is one of the components that exist in the national standard of education. This research aims to evaluate the quality of Lesson Plan (RPP) and assessment, educator qualifications, and infrastructure in the antecedent component of the Concatenate stake model in Special of Vocation High School. This research is an evaluative research with a qualitative approach. The method of data collection used in the form of interviews, documentation studies, and observations with the validity technique of data research results using the credibility by prologue engagement, persistent observation, and member checking. The results showed that educators first did not prioritize Learning Program Planning and its assessment, both lacking facilities of learning infrastructure, and all three educators who did not have a certificate of educators.

Keyword: Antecedent component, evaluation, the children's Special Correctional Institution (LPKA)
FACULTY PERFORMANCE EVALUATION SYSTEM OF STATE UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES IN THE PHILIPPINE EASTERN VISAYAS REGION
Authors: Patimo Donald
Published: December 2021

The main concern of this study was the assessment of the faculty performance evaluation system of State Universities and Colleges in the Philippine Eastern Visayas Region. Specifically, the study sought answers to research questions on how the faculty performance is evaluated with regards to evaluation procedures, instruments, and criteria and what is the present and desired faculty performance evaluation system considering the standards on utility, feasibility, propriety, and accuracy. In search of answers to the abovementioned research questions, the researcher made use of the descriptive-assessment research design. The respondents of this study were administrators, faculty members, and students from the main campuses of State Universities and Colleges in Philippine Eastern Visayas Region. As result, the researcher found out that the most common evaluation procedure used were administrative observation in the class and the administration of appraisal instrument. Rating scales were extensively employed evaluation instrument and the most commonly used evaluation criteria were teaching commitment, mastery of the subject matter, teaching for independent learning, and classroom management. In addition, the SUCs in the Eastern Visayas Region of the Philippines unanimously expressed their desire to implement a faculty performance evaluation system that adheres to the standards of utility, feasibility, propriety, and accuracy. At the present, the existing faculty performance evaluation system of SUCs in the Eastern Visayas Region of the Philippines generally followed the standards on utility, feasibility, propriety, and accuracy.
VALIDITY OF INSTRUMENTS AS MEASURING INSTRUMENT EVALUATION PROGRAM ON THE JOB TRAINING STUDENTS SMK NEGERI 1 CARIU BOGOR REGENCY
Authors: Sefrianto  , Badrujaman Aip , Komarudin Komarudin
Published: December 2021

This research is part of the preparation before evaluating On the Job Training program. The goal is to validate the instrument before used as a raw instrument to obtain field data. This research is carried out with quantitative approach. The data is collected by using questionnaire instruments to evaluate the impact of evaluation on the job training program at the behavior, outcome levels, and results. The instrument is tested on 30 respondents, namely Honda Putra Merdeka Cibubur, Honda Lestari Motor Cariu and Honda Citra Indah Jonggol. The test validity of the instrument using the product moment correlation formula. The results of the study show not all tested instruments are valid. Out of 35 instruments tested, 4 items of instruments are invalid. The instrument is in the dimensions of precision and work accuracy, increase in company revenue, and the level of curiosity at work. The result of the instrument validity concludes that the instrument that can be used to evaluate the on the job training program is as many as 31 items with the reliability value that can be received in a very good category of 0.928.
MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN BENTUKAN IKATAN UDENG BALI SEBAGAI INSPIRASI KOLEKSI BUSANA SIAP PAKAI “SACRED RELATION”
Authors: Rachmawaty Rachmawaty , Shafa Chairisa HSB Anas , Nurhayati Hesti
Published: December 2021

Ada banyak budaya Indonesia yang sangat unik dan beragam, khususnya pakaian adat dan kelengkapannya. Namun, masih ada yang belum diangkat menjadi karya fashion ready to wear contohnya Udeng Bali. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk membuat koleksi busana siap pakai yang terinpirasi dari bentukan ikatan Udeng Bali dengan resort look dan style feminine casual. Metode yang digunakan pada kajian ini adalah studi literature. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dan disimpulkan. Hasil penelitian berupa koleksi busana siap pakai yang terinspirasi dari Udeng Bali dengan style feminine casual dan resort look yang sesuai untuk wanita yang suka travelling maupun tampil casual namun tetap fashionable.
DETECTION OF BIOACTIVE FRACTIONS OF JUSTICIA ADHATODA L. LEAVES
Authors:   Waqas Khan Kayani, Rasheed Faiza
Published: December 2021

In vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities of various leaf extracts of Justicia adhatoda L. (locally known as Bhaikar) were assessed. The leaves were also subjected to various phytochemical analysis. Results revealed that leaves of J. adhatoda L. contain significant amount of total alkaloid, phenols flavonoid, saponins, tannins , protein, crude oil, dietary fiber, essential and non essential metal ions. The methanol, ethanol, butanol, chloroform and n-hexane leaf extracts of J
REPRESENTASI UNGKAPAN-UNGKAPAN BAHASA LAMAHOLOT LINGKUNGAN KELAUTAN MASYARAKAT DESA BAHINGA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Mare Fransiska Jone , Fransiska Jone Mare
Published: December 2021

The article explains about the representation of maritime-metaphors of  Lamaholot Language of Bahinga Community in Increasing the values of educational character. The aims of this article are to find the kinds of maritime-metaphor and to find the representation of those metaphors in building the students’ characters. Research approaches in this article is descriptive qualitative. The data retrieved by using observation and interview as main data and secondary data is taken from the thesis. The results show that there are nine maritime-metaphors of Lamaholot Language of Bahinga Community can be used in increasing the values of educational character.
FUNGSI RAGAM BAHASA PENJUAL IKAN DI PASAR OKA LAMAWALANG, KECAMATAN LARANTUKA, KABUPATEN FLORES TIMUR
Authors: Pande Rikardus Pande , Rikardus Pande
Published: December 2021

This article describes the diversity of languages ​​formed by the development of society in various aspects of life which includes various social activities, such as trade, government, health, education, and religion. The variety of languages ​​has functions such as the variety of languages ​​used by fish sellers in Oka market, Lamawalang, Larantuka District, East Flores Regency which grows and develops especially among speakers of the fish seller community. This variety of languages ​​can be found when fish sellers offer their fish to buyers where there is language contact, between Indonesian and local languages. The functions of various languages ​​used by fish sellers in the Oka Lamawalang market, Larantuka District, East Flores Regency with the Oka Lamawalang dialect include (1) instrumental (directive) functions, such as seducing, convincing, and asking, (2) interactional or interaction functions, such as asking , forms of interaction in the form of rejection and forms of agreement interaction, (3) representational or representational (declarative) functions such as showing and expressing, (4) personal functions, such as joy and disappointment.
Mud Flow Dynamics at Gas Seeps (Nirano Salse, Italy)
Authors: Giambastiani Beatrice Maria Sole , Antonellini Marco , Nespoli Massimo , Bacchetti Massimo , Calafato Antonino , Conventi Marzia , Dadomo Andrea , Martinelli Giovanni , Morena Maria , Venturoli Serena , Piombo Antonello
Published: December 2021

The Nirano Salse, known since the Roman Times, are one of the most beautiful and scenic mud volcanoes areas of Italy with thousands of visitors every year. In this work, we apply hydrogeological techniques to characterize mud levels in the Salse by means of GPS-RTK positioning and continuous level logging within mud conduits. Our results suggest that different mud levels in mud volcanoes clusters are due to the different gas-liquid ratio in the conduits and not necessarily exclude interconnection at depth, a hypothesis, on the other hand, that seems strengthened by mud level time series correlations. The presence of shallow aquifers at a depth of 5 to 30 m is also supported by our field data. These shallow aquifers may provide a temporary storage for the ascending gas and when fluid pressure in these aquifers exceeds the tensional strength of the sedimentary rock, leakage of fluids to the surface would occur.
MASCC Multidisciplinary Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Management of Malignant Bowel Obstruction in Advanced Cancer
Authors: Madariaga Ainhoa , Lau Jenny , Ghoshal Arunangshu , Dzierżanowski Tomasz , Larkin Philip , Sobocki Jacek , Dickman Andrew , Furness Kate , Fazelzad Rouhi , Crawford Gregory B , Lheureux Stephanie
Published: December 2021

PurposeTo provide evidence based recommendations on the management of malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) for patients with advanced cancer.MethodsThe Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) MBO study group conducted a systematic review of databases (inception to March 2021) to identify studies about patients with advanced cancer and MBO that reported on the following outcomes: symptom management, bowel obstruction resolution, prognosis, overall survival and quality of life. The review was restricted to studies published in English but no restrictions were placed on publication year, country and study type. As per the MASCC Guidelines Policy, the findings were synthesized to determine the levels of evidence to support each MBO intervention and, ultimately, the graded recommendations and suggestions.ResultsThe systematic review identified 17,656 published studies and 397 selected for the guidelines. The MASCC study group developed a total of 25 evidence-based suggestions and recommendations about management of MBO-related nausea and vomiting, bowel movements, pain, inflammation, bowel decompression and nutrition. Expert consensus-based guidance about advanced care planning and psychosocial support is also provided.ConclusionThis MASCC guideline provides comprehensive, evidence-based recommendations about MBO management for patients with advanced cancer.
Experimental evidence of non-classical brain functions
Authors: Kerskens Christian Matthias , Perez David Lopez
Published: December 2021

Exploring unknown quantum systems is an experimental challenge. Recent proposals exploring quantum gravity have suggested circumventing this problem by considering the unknown system as a mediator between two known systems. If such a mediation can locally generate entanglement in the known systems, then the mediator must be non-classical.
The same approach may be applicable to other systems, in particular the brain, where speculations about quantum operations in consciousness and cognition have a long history.
Translated to the brain, the mediator is then an unknown brain function. For the quantum systems, we could use proton spins of bulk water, which most likely interfere with the any brain function. Entanglement in these spins can be witnessed with multiple quantum coherence (MQC). We based our witness protocol on zero quantum coherence (ZQC) whereby potential signals from local properties were minimised.
For short repetitive periods, we found ZQC signals in large parts of the brain, whereby the temporal appearance resembled heartbeat-evoked potentials (HEPs).
Similar to HEPs, we also found that the ZQC signal depended on conscious awareness. Consciousness-related signals have, to our knowledge, not yet been reported in NMR.
Remarkably, we could exclude local properties as contrast mechanism because (a) the ZQC signals had no correlates known in conventional MRI, and (b) the ZQC signals only appeared if the local properties of the magnetisation, which are complementary to non-local properties, were reduced.
Our findings suggest that we may have witnessed entanglement mediated by consciousness-related brain functions. Those brain functions must then operate non-classically, which would mean that consciousness is non-classical.
“It’s a Tall Order But I’ll Try”: A Qualitative Study on Chinese Nurses’ Cognition and Experience Responding to Cancer Patients’ Requests to Hasten Death
Authors: CAO Zhaoming , WANG Yingchun , ZHANG Huijun
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the cognition and experience of oncology nurses in China when responding to a patient’s request to hasten death, to describe the obstacles that prevent their response, and to provide suggestions for dealing with the patient’s request. Methods: Researchers conducted a qualitative study that consisted of open-ended, semi-structured interviews with 18 registered nurses who had more than five years of working experience in the oncology department at a large-scale urban hospital. We analyzed these data for content and themes.Results: How to deal with patients’ requests to hasten death is a problem often encountered and handled by nurses in the Department of Oncology.Nurses have a certain understanding of the patients’ requests to hasten death. This study abstracts four themes: 1) the nurses’ cognition of the “Accelerate the process of death” ; 2) the methods they use to deal with the patients’ requests to hasten death; 3) the obstacles that prevent nurses from fulfilling the patients’ requests to hasten death; and 4) their suggestions for improvement.Conclusion: Nurses have a deep understanding of the real thoughts of patients who make a death request, and they hope to provide the corresponding psychological support and physical care. However, the lack of relevant knowledge, policy support, and cooperation of patients’ families are obstacles that prevent them from taking action. Therefore, increasing relevant training for nurses, encouraging multi-department cooperation, and developing standardized nursing processes may lay a foundation for oncology nurses to better undertake and guide such conversations.
Enhancing Carbon Utilization and Adsorption Performance of Sludge Derived Activated Carbon through Molten Salt Synthesis Method
Authors: Shi En , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Miao , Wang Xin , Gao Jianchun , Zheng Yunbin
Published: December 2021

Sewage sludge is carbonaceous organic material and an inevitable by-product of biological wastewater treatment process. The traditional sludge disposal routes may cause serious pollution risks, e. g. large amounts of carbon emissions. Molten salt synthesis (MSS) method could complete the carbonization and activation two processes within a single-step, and the complexity of chemical activation process could be significantly reduced. In this work, sludge derived activated carbon (SDAC) was prepared by MSS method with ZnCl2 . The mass ratio of ZnCl2 to sludge had a significant effect on both the physicochemical properties and surface chemistry of SDAC. As the mass ratio of ZnCl2 to sludge was 1, the maximum specific surface area of SDAC was 549.72 m2/g. The maximum adsorbing capacity of methylene blue (MB) and CO2 were 0.0786 and 0.0575 mg/mg(SDAC), respectively. The highest yield and carbon utilization potential of SDAC were 517.87 mg(SDAC)/g(sludge) and 178.56 mg(carbon)/g(sludge), respectively. According to carbon mass balance, the total carbon mass in SDAC adsorbed MB and CO2 can be achieved to 203.00 and 186.68 mg(carbon)/g(sludge), respectively. It was suggested that MSS method can be used to reduce carbon emissions and improve carbon adsorption during SDAC preparation.
Beliefs and Knowledge Related to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine among African Americans and African Immigrants Young Adults
Authors: Adegboyega Adebola , Obielodan Omoadoni , Wiggins Amanda , Dignan Mark , Williams Lovoria B.
Published: December 2021

Background: Despite the disparate Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection rates among sexually active black young adults, HPV vaccine uptake remains low among this population. This study aimed to explore HPV beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge among black young adults and provide recommendations on ways to improve vaccine uptake.Methods: We used a mixed-method, convergent design to conduct five focus groups and administered a 40-item electronic survey that was developed with Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs. We assessed HPV and vaccine knowledge, barriers, and attitudes toward vaccination. We analyzed quantitative data using descriptive statistics and bivariate methods. Focus group transcripts were analyzed using content analysis. Results were integrated to obtain a better understanding of the topic.Results: Forty individuals participated in the study. The mean age was 22.2±4.5 years and 55% identified as African immigrants. Integrated data revealed themes mapped to relevant HBM constructs. Almost one third (32.5%) of participants were unaware of their susceptibility to HPV infection and its severity. From focus group discussions, the majority (75%) believed that vaccines are beneficial. Major cues to action include promoting HPV vaccine uptake via community wide informational sessions, provider recommendation, and social and mass media campaigns. Conclusion: Barriers to vaccine uptake, limited HPV knowledge, and lack of vaccine recommendation are important factors contributing to low vaccine uptake among black young adults. Interventions to decrease barriers to HPV vaccination, increase HPV knowledge, address misconceptions, and unfavorable beliefs are needed to promote to promote HPV vaccine uptake.
Exploring Spatial Heterogeneity and Factors Influencing Construction and Demolition Waste in China
Authors: Wang Zhenshuang , Zhang Zhongsheng , Liu Jiangkuang
Published: December 2021

Natural disasters, new urbanization and urban renewal activities generated a large amount of construction and demolition waste (C&DW), and managing C&DW has become an urgent problem to be solved in the construction of “Zero-waste cities”. Based on the calculation of C&DW generation in China from 2005 to 2019, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial characteristics of C&DW generation in China, and empirically explored the factors influencing factors C&DW of China using spatial autocorrelation and geographically weighted regression. The results showed that: (1) C&DW generation in China increased every year, and the overall distribution was characterized as “high in the east and low in the west”, with distinct regional differences. The provinces with the highest per capita C&DW generation were Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Beijing, Shanghai, and Fujian. The generation intensity of C&DW in China and all its provinces showed a decreasing trend every year. The regions with rapid growth of C&DW generation in China were concentrated in the eastern coastal areas, with distinct differences between the east and west, and there was significant spatial heterogeneity in the growth trend. (2) There is a significant spatial autocorrelation in C&DW generation in China. Overall, the hot spots for C&DW generation were distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shandong provinces, and the spatial agglomeration effect of C&DW generation in provinces was evident. (3) Factors such as population size, per capita Gross Domestic Product and the scale of the construction industry played a positive role in promoting C&DW generation in each province, whereas labor efficiency played a negative role inhibiting C&DW generation; there was significant temporal and spatial heterogeneity. Finally, differentiation and cross-regional joint treatment strategies according to regional conditions were proposed to achieve precise measures of C&DW reduction management.
Antimicrobial, Anticoagulant and Anticancer Effects of Arum Palaestinum Flowers Extracts
Authors: Dwikat Majdi , Jaradat Nidal , Amer Johnny , Rahim Ahmad Abdal , Alqadi Mohammad , Murad Haya , Modallal Ali , Shalabni Kawkab
Published: December 2021

Background: Wild plants are amply utilized in traditional medicine and folkloric food worldwide. Arum palaestinum Boiss. (AP) is one of the wild Palestinian plants which leaves have a long history in the Middle Eastern countries as food and medicine. Herby, the current study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial, coagulation cascade activities, and anticancer effects of (AP) flowers extract Methods: The aqueous extract of (AP) flowers was screened on its antimicrobial activity using microdilution assay against eight pathogens. While, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin time tests were measured utilizing standard hematological methods. And Anti cancer effect was assessed by using Parameters of cell cycles and alph feta protein level that were investigated for (AP) flowers fractionated with aqueous, DMSO, and methanol Results: The antimicrobial screening results revealed that the aqueous extract of (AP) has strong antibacterial effects against P. vulgaris and E. faecium compared with Ampicillin with MIC values of 6.25, 6.25 and 18 mg/ml, respectively. The aqueous extract of (AP) showed anticoagulant activity with significant prolonged results in aPTT and TT tests at high concentrations (50 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml) and slightly prolonged results in the PT test at a high concentration (50 mg/ml). The anticancer results indicate a delay in cell cycle through decreased the cell proliferation rate following effects of the AP fractions. The delay in the S phase was in favor of the water fraction. Water and DMSO fractions while maintained the cells in the G2-M phase similar to the DOX, the flower extract in methanol accelerated the cells in the G2-M phase suggesting that (AF) flower extracts have anti-cancer properties. At the same time Aqueous extract decreased HCC aFP to 1.55-fold (P=0.0008). While DMSO and methanolic extract had no significant effects on HCC aFP levels, compared to control untreated cells of 2519.16 ± 198.1 ng/ml. This data show that (AF) aqueous solution is potent inhibitor of alpha-fetoprotein secretion (P-value <0.05), which indicates its anti-carcinogenic effects Conclusion: These results showed that the aqueous extract of (AP) plant possesses bioactive components with antibacterial and anticoagulant properties, which may be exploited in the treatment of infectious diseases and blood coagulation disorders.
Downlink User Power Allocation and Joint Rate Maximization in UAV-Relayed Assisted SWIPT-NOMA System
Authors: Jianbin Xue , Junpeng Li , Qingchun Hu
Published: December 2021

In this paper, in order to improve the performance of 5G wireless communication system and save power consumption to achieve the optimal power distribution and maximize the total user rate in a multi-user cluster of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system downlink. a SWIPT-NOMA system assisted by dynamic unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relay is constructed. The UAV relay dynamic programming under two-hop communication was firstly studied, and the global optimal power allocation strategy for downlink users of SWIPT-NOMA system is found. Finally, the optimal relay selection algorithm was used to maximize the total user rate, which was verified by Monto Carlo simulation. The simulation results show that the performance of the proposed system model is better than that of the traditional FDMA system scheme in terms of outage probability, energy consumption and total user rate under different distribution scenarios for the multi-user cluster deployed with dynamic UAV relay system.
Dynamic Changes of Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolite Composition in Pre-Weaned Beef Calves
Authors: Liu Hongye , Yan Chunri , Hao Chunyun , Wang Danqi , Liu Yize , Luo Zhao-Bo , Han Shengzhong , Wang Junxia , Li Dongxu , Zhu Jun , Chang Shuangyan , Yang Liuhui , Lin Xuemei , Yan Changguo , Kang Jin-Dan , Quan Lin-Hu
Published: December 2021

Background: Gut microbes and their metabolites are essential for maintaining host health, but few studies have elucidated the combined effects of microbial and metabolite interactions on the growth and development of pre-weaned calves over time. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore dynamic changes of intestinal microbiota and metabolites among newborn calves classified as healthy, sub-healthy, and those that died early during their growth and development.Results: 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics analysis was employed to track the dynamic changes in faecal microflora abundance and metabolite levels (fatty acids and amino acids) in calves before weaning. The results demonstrated that the alpha diversity of the faecal microbiota increased with calf growth and development. Specifically, the abundances of Porphyromonadaceae bacterium DJF B175 and Alistipes shahii gradually increased in healthy calves over time. Inversely, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was higher in the sub-healthy group than in the healthy group. Meanwhile, the faeces of calves in the early death group had significantly higher medium-long-chain fatty acid concentration than those in the healthy group. The faecal amino acid concentration decreased significantly with weekly age in the healthy and sub-healthy groups.Conclusions: The study findings provide a new understanding of calf growth and development prior to weaning. Even under the same management conditions, microorganisms and their metabolites interact to play different dynamic regulatory roles in the growth and development of newborn calves. Further studies are warranted to determine the mechanisms involved.
AI-Based Automatic Segmentation of Craniomaxillofacial Anatomy From CBCT Scans for Automatic Detection of Pharyngeal Airway Evaluations in OSA patients
Authors: Orhan Kaan , Shamshiev Mamat , Ezhov Matvey , Plaskin Alexander , Kurbanova Aida , Ünsal Gürkan , Gurasev Maxim , Golitsyna Maria , Aksoy Seçil , Mısırlı Melis , Shumilov Eugene , Sanders Alex , Rasmussen Finn
Published: December 2021

This study aims to generate and also validate an automatic detection algorithm for pharyngeal airway on CBCT data using an AI system which will procure an easy, errorless and fast method. The second aim is to validate the newly developed artificial intelligence system in comparison to commercially available software for 3D CBCT evaluation. A Convolutional Neural Network based machine learning algorithm did the segmentation of the pharyngeal airways in OSA and non-OSA patients. Radiologists used a semi-automatic software to manually determine the airway and their measurements were compared with the AI. OSA patients were classified as minimal, mild, moderate and severe groups and the mean airway volumes were compared. Narrowest points (mm), airway areas (mm2) and airway volumes (cc) of both OSA and non-OSA patients were also compared. There was no statistically significant difference between the manual and Diagnocat measurements in all groups (p>0.05). According to the results of the Diagnocat and manual segmentation, a successful algorithm which can automatically segment the pharyngeal airway from was created which can be used for a swift and precise measurement of pharyngeal airway volume.
Posthatch Thermal Conditioning Reduces Heat Stress In Three Broiler Strains
Authors: Folarin Itunuola Anne , Olowofeso Olajide , Ikeobi Christian Obiora Ndubuisi , Akinyemi Olukayode Dewunmi , Oduoye Olusola Thomas , Ilori Babatunde Moses , Wheto Mathew
Published: December 2021

Heat stress is an increasing challenge to the sustainability of poultry production in the tropics due to global warming. This study determined the effect of posthatch thermal conditioning on heat stress indices, haematological parameters and expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene in three meat type chickens; Cobb 500 (C500), Ross 308 (R308) and improved Nigerian indigenous broiler - FUNAAB Alpha (FA). The interplay of individual bird’s genetics and thermal treatment at critical periods on thermoregulation was largely unpublished as at the time this study was conducted. Thermal conditioning was carried out on day 6 by exposing 20 chicks from each strain to high temperature of 40±1 °C for 3 hours. Both conditioned and unconditioned chicks were exposed to acute heat challenge of 40±1 °C for 15 minutes on day 10. Blood samples were collected to determine haematological parameters. Tissue samples were collected from which RNA were extracted, synthesized into cDNA and subjected to qPCR. Strain and thermal conditioning interaction was significant (p<0.05) on haematological parameters with conditioned C500 having the highest means for packed cell volume, haemoglobin and red blood cell counts. Interactive effect was also significant (p<0.05) on BDNF gene expression, with conditioned FA having the highest. The study concluded that variation in traits due to thermal treatment is strain-specific and thermal conditioning is recommended for commercial broilers in southwestern Nigeria.
Sequence, Structure, and Function of DNA-Binding Protein in Deinococcus Wulumuqiensis R12
Authors: Chen Yao , Yang Zhihan , Zhou Xue , Jin Mengmeng , Dai Zijie , Ming Dengming , Zhang Zhidong , Zhu Liying , Jiang Ling
Published: December 2021

Deinococcus wulumuqiensis R12, which was isolated from arid irradiated soil in Xinjiang province of China, belongs to a genus Deinococcus that is well-known for its extreme resistance to ionizing radiation and oxidative stress. The DNA-binding protein Dps has been studied for its great contribution to oxidative resistance. To explore the role of Dps in D. wulumuqiensis R12, the Dps sequence and homologous structure were analyzed. In addition, the dps gene was knocked out and proteomics was used to verify the functions of Dps in D. wulumuqiensis R12. Docking data and DNA binding experiments in vitro showed that the R12 Dps has a better DNA binding ability with the N-terminal than the R1 Dps1. When the dps gene was deleted in D. wulumuqiensis R12, its resistance to H2O2 and UV rays was greatly reduced, and the cell envelope was destroyed by H2O2 treatment. Additionally, the qRT-PCR and proteomics data suggested that when the dps gene was deleted, the catalase gene was significantly down-regulated in cells. And the proteomics data indicated the metabolism, transport and oxidation-reduction processes in D. wulumuqiensis R12 were down-regulated after the deletion of dps gene. Dps protein might play an important role in Deinococcus wulumuqiensis R12.
Identification of Immune Activation-Related Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) by Bioinformatic Analysis and Clinical Validation
Authors: Xi Xiangwen , Chen Yu , Yu Li , Sun Meiling , Qian Zhipeng , Tian Jiangtian , Gu Xia
Published: December 2021

Background: Although reperfusion therapy is widely performed in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the residual risk of poor outcomes remains substantial. The immune system plays an important role in AMI, and therapies targeting immune cells have proved effective in improving prognosis after AMI. However, the activation and regulation of immune signaling pathways during AMI have not been systematically studied.Objective: This study aimed to reveal the activation status of immune-related signals and the immune status after AMI.Methods and results: Three publicly available datasets (GSE48060, GSE66360, and GSE97320) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using peripheral blood tissue samples from 22 AMI patients and 22 individuals without AMI. Subsequent weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed for CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and regulatory T cells, and the 387 genes with the most significant correlations with the three immune cells were identified. Then, we intersected the 192 DEGs with 387 genes from WGCNA to reveal , a total of 151 overlapping genes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed to identify the hub genes. Furthermore, we recruited 44 patients and collected blood samples to validate the stability and reliability of the predicted hub tragets TLR2, TLR4, TLR8, MMP-9 and TYROBP using qRT-PCR assay.Conclusions： The immune-related genes TLR2, TLR4, TLR8, MMP9 and TYROBP may be potential biomarkers to identify immune signal activation after AMI, therefore providing information for the evaluation of both immune status and early intervention.
Chromatin bound by survivin regulates the glycolytic switch in interferon-γ producing CD4+ T cells
Authors: Erlandsson Malin , Andersson Karin , Oparina Nina , Chandrasekaran Venkataragavan , Damdimopoulos Anastasios , Garcia-Bonete Maria-Jose , Einbeigi Zakaria , Silfverswärd Sofia , Pekna Marcela , Katona Gergely , Bokarewa Maria
Published: December 2021

Upon activation, CD4+ T cells adapt metabolically to fulfill their effector function in autoimmunity. Here we show that nuclear survivin is essential for transcriptional regulation of glucose utilization. We found that the glycolytic switch in interferon (IFN) g–producing CD4+ cells is dependent on a complex of survivin with interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), and Smad3 and was reversed by survivin inhibition. Transcriptome analysis of CD4+ cells and sequencing of survivin-bound chromatin identified a hub of metabolism regulating genes whose transcription depended on survivin. Direct binding of survivin to IRF1 and SMAD3 promoted IRF1-mediated transcription, repressed SMAD3 activity, and lowered PFKFB3 production. Inhibiting survivin upregulated PFKFB3, restored glycolysis, and reduced glucose uptake, improving control over IFNg-dependent T-cell functions. Thus, IRF1-survivin-SMAD3 interactions are important for metabolic adaptation of CD4+ cells and provide an attractive strategy to counteract IFNg-dependent inflammation.
Closing an Eye for the Reliability of Orbital Tightening in Pain Detection: A Model-Specific Simplification of the Mouse Grimace Scale
Authors: Ernst Lisa , Bruch Stefan , Kopaczka Marcin , Merhof Dorit , Bleich André , Tolba René H. , Talbot Steven R.
Published: December 2021

Despite its long establishment and its applicability in pain detection in mice, the Mouse Grimace Scale still seems to be underused in terms of acute pain detection during chronic experiments. However, a broadening of its applicability can identify possible refinement approaches such as cumulative severity and habituation to painful stimuli. Therefore, this study focuses on two main aspects: First, five composite MGS criteria were evaluated with two independent methods (the MoBPs algorithm and a penalized least squares regression) and ranked for their relative importance. The most important variable was used in a second analysis to specifically evaluate the context of pain after an i.p. injection (intervention) in two treatment groups (CCl4 and oil (control)) at fixed times throughout four weeks in 24 male C57BL/6N mice. One hour before and after each intervention, video recordings were taken and the MGS assessment was performed. In this study, the results indicate orbital tightening as the most important criterion. In this experimental setup, a highly significant difference after treatment between week 0 and 1 was found in the CCl4 group, resulting in a medium-sized effect (W = 62.5, p-value <0.0001, rCCl4= 0.64). The oil group showed no significant difference (week 0 vs 1, W = 291.5, p-value = 0.7875, rcontrol= 0.04). Therefore, the study showed that the pain caused by i.p. injections was only dependent on the applied substance and no significant cumulation or habituation occurred due to the intervention. Further, the results indicated that the MGS system can be simplified.
Application of the Classical Nucleation Theory for Quasi-real Systems Differ in Dipole Moment Value – the Role of Diffusion
Authors: Koperwas Kajetan , Kaśkosz Filip , Affouard Frederic , Grzybowski Andrzej , Paluch Marian
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we examine the crystallization tendency for two quasi-real systems, which differ exclusively in the dipole moment's value. The main advantage of the studied system is the fact that despite that their structures are entirely identical, they exhibit different physical properties. Hence, the results obtained for one of the proposed model systems cannot be scaled to reproduce the results for another corresponding system, as it can be done for simple model systems, where structural differences are modeled by the different parameters of the intermolecular interactions. Our results show that both examined systems exhibit similar stability behavior below the melting temperature. This finding is contrary to the classical nucleation theory predictions, which differ significantly for them. On the basis of the performed studies, we suggest that a kinetic aspect of the classical nucleation theory seems to be a reason for reported discrepancies.
Playing Ping Pong With Light: Directional Emission of White Light
Authors: Wankerl Heribert , Wiesmann Christopher , Kreiner Laura , Butendeich Rainer , Luce Alexander , Sobczyk Sandra , Stern Maike Lorena , Lang Elmar Wolfgang
Published: December 2021

Over the last decades, light-emitting diodes (LED) have replaced common light bulbs in almost every application, from flashlights in smartphones to automotive headlights. Illuminating nightly streets requires LEDs to emit a light spectrum that is perceived as pure white by the human eye. The power associated with such a white light spectrum is not only distributed over the contributing wavelengths but also over the angles of vision. For many applications, the usable light rays are required to exit the LED in forward direction, namely under small angles to the perpendicular. In this work, we demonstrate that a specifically designed multi-layer thin film on top of a white LED increases the power of pure white light emitted in forward direction. Therefore, the deduced multi-objective optimization problem is reformulated via a real-valued physics-guided objective function that represents the hierarchical structure of our engineering problem. Variants of Bayesian optimization are employed to maximize this non-deterministic objective function based on ray tracing simulations. Eventually, the investigation of optical properties of suitable multi-layer thin films allowed to identify the mechanism behind the increased directionality of white light: angle and wavelength selective filtering causes the multi-layer thin film to play ping pong with rays of light.
Excess Iodine Exposure Acutely Increases Salivary Iodide And Antimicrobial Hypoiodous Acid Concentrations In Humans
Authors: Akiba Yasutada , Leung Angela M. , Bashir Muhammad-Tariq , Ebrahimi Ramin , Currier Jesse W. , Neverova Natalia , Kaunitz Jonathan D
Published: December 2021

The lactoperoxidase (LPO)-hydrogen peroxide-halides reaction (LPO system) converts iodide and thiocyanate (SCN-) into hypoiodous acid (HOI) and hypothiocyanite (OSCN-), respectively. Since this system has been implicated in defense of the airways and oropharynx from microbial invasion, we measured the concentrations of these analytes in human saliva before and after iodine administration to test the hypothesis that an iodide load increases salivary iodide and HOI concentrations. Salivary iodide, SCN-, HOI and OSCN- were measured using standard methodology. Salivary iodide and HOI levels significantly increased after iodinated contrast injection compared with baseline levels, whereas there was no significant change in salivary SCN- and OSCN- levels. The contrast dye iodine load and changes of salivary iodide and HOI levels were positively correlated, suggesting that higher iodide in the circulation increases iodide output and salivary HOI production. Excess iodine exposure in humans increases the salivary output of iodide, increasing salivary HOI concentrations with no effect on SCN-/OSCN- levels. This first of its kind study suggests that a sufficient but safe iodide supplementation may augment the generation of antimicrobial HOI by the salivary LPO system against airborne viral pathogens, including coronaviruses and influenza viruses, a possible inexpensive means of effectively curbing viral pandemics.
Effect of Ambient Lighting on Frequency Dependence in Transcranial Electrical Stimulation-Induced Phosphenes
Authors: Evans Ian , Palmisano Stephen , Croft Rodney J.
Published: December 2021

Inconsistencies have been found in the relationship between ambient lighting conditions and frequency-dependence in transcranial electric current stimulation (tECS) induced phosphenes. Using a within-subjects design across lighting condition (dark, mesopic [dim], photopic [bright]) and tECS stimulation frequency (10, 13, 16, 18, 20 Hz), this study determined phosphene detection thresholds in 24 subjects receiving tECS using an FPz-Cz montage. Minima phosphene thresholds were found at 16 Hz in mesopic, 10 Hz in dark and 20 Hz in photopic lighting conditions, with these thresholds being substantially lower for mesopic than both dark (60% reduction) and photopic (56% reduction), conditions. Further, whereas the phosphene threshold-stimulation frequency relation was linear in the dark (increasing with frequency) and photopic (decreasing with frequency) conditions, a quadratic function was found for the mesopic condition (where it followed the linear increase of the dark condition from 10-16 Hz, and the linear decrease of the photopic condition from 16-20 Hz). The results clearly demonstrate that ambient lighting is an important factor in the detection of tECS-induced phosphenes, and that mesopic conditions are most suitable for obtaining overall phosphene thresholds.