bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
False, Deceptive, and Misleading Marketing of Nonsurgical Medical Aesthetic Devices: A Nursing Informed Policy Brief
Authors: Hagopian Chelsea
Published: October 2024

This nursing informed policy brief: (1) presents a policy issue concerning to patient safety and informed consent of false, deceptive, and misleading marketing of nonsurgical medical aesthetic devices, (2) overviews a focused background, context, and the current regulatory scheme relevant to marketing medical devices and of informed consent in the United States, (3) offers a balanced critique of viable policy alternatives for addressing the issue, and (4) advances a recommendation for a policy solution of increased formal education for health care professionals on recognizing and responding to false, deceptive, and misleading marketing of medical devices through adaptation of an existing awareness and outreach program. The nursing perspective is applied and implications for nursing education, practice, and research are discussed. Importantly, the present political climate is favorable for addressing this pressing policy issue.
Le symptôme-art
Authors: Kaltenbeck Franz
Published: October 2024

Pour Freud, l’artiste n’est pas un patient, mais un sujet supposé savoir faire avec sa jouissance. Il n’a pourtant pas échappé à Freud qu’une souffrance, une maladie se révèlent dans l’acte de création. Et c’est la mobilisation de la libido dans l’amour, comme celle de la pulsion de mort dans la sublimation, qui rappellent cette maladie (du surinvestissement narcissique, en 1914, et de la libération de la pulsion de mort suite à la désintrication des pulsions, en 1923). C’est Jacques Lacan qui articulera, dans les années 1974-1976, l’art au symptôme. Cela veut dire qu’à la différence des élèves de Freud, il ne croit pas que l’œuvre d’art nous donne accès à l’inconscient de l’artiste. On a souvent parlé à ce propos de l’œuvre d’art comme d’une suppléance. C’est un autre aspect qu’aborde ici Franz Kaltenbeck, mettant en évidence le côté « offensif » du symptôme-art, c’est-à-dire orienté vers l’autre d’une façon « pas si différente de l’acte analytique », utilisant même parfois un « transfert de créativité ». Franz Kaltenbeck en donne des exemples : Peter Weibel se faisant le chien de Valie Export à Vienne en 1968, Samuel Beckett se faisant dans son écriture le vecteur du rayonnement de Giorgione, Dieter Roth installant ses œuvres dans l’éphémère le plus concret, afin que le spectateur ne ferme pas les yeux sur le déchet, le ratage.
« L’école, c’est comme mourir. » L’enfant au cube, un cas de phobie scolaire
Authors: Dehon Franck
Published: October 2024

Oscar s’ennuie en classe au point de faire de véritables crises de colère. Un bilan psychométrique révèle une précocité intellectuelle qui serait responsable de ses symptômes. Dès lors, un travail à la hauteur de son potentiel lui est proposé. Mais rien n’y fait, la situation s’aggrave et c’est l’impasse. Oscar envisage de fuguer et même de se tuer pour échapper à cet ennui qui s’accompagne désormais d’une angoisse croissante. C’est à ce stade que nous le rencontrons. L’analyse de son ennui nous renseigne sur sa structure obsessionnelle et c’est finalement la mise au jour d’un fantasme sadique qui permet d’articuler sa position subjective à son symptôme scolaire. En outre, la cure de ce jeune garçon laisse apparaître un recours régulier à différentes formes de sublimation. Récemment, c’est l’investissement soudain d’un casse-tête qui semble avoir eu un effet de relance de son désir.
Nicolas de Staël, l’urgence de la peinture
Authors: Lemonnier Brigitte
Published: October 2024

Nicolas de Staël a su très jeune que sa vie ne tenait qu’à la peinture : voir, penser, faire de la peinture, comme en témoigne sa correspondance. Ce savoir nous a conduite à étudier cette fonction qu’il attribuait à son art, « une aide à vivre », mais qui n’a pas empêché son suicide. On a cherché les raisons possibles de cet échec en s’appuyant sur l’invitation de Lacan à considérer l’œuvre d’art non pas seulement comme une sublimation mais aussi sur son versant symptomatique.
Une inépuisable écriture sublimante. L’œuvre romanesque de Philippe Forest
Authors: Biefnot Claudine
Published: October 2024

Philippe Forest, professeur de littérature à l’université de Nantes, est l’auteur de nombreux essais. L’écriture romanesque débute en 1996 après la mort de sa fille âgée de 4 ans. Dix romans publiés depuis cette date. L’œuvre d’art, l’écriture comme stratégie sublimatoire contre l’oubli. Pulsion sublimée au plus près de la « Chose » ( Das Ding ).
La sublimation dans la philosophie politique du marquis de Sade
Authors: Iacub Marcela
Published: October 2024

Ce texte cherche à analyser la théorie de Sade sur les pulsions criminelles ainsi que les moyens par lesquels il comptait les intégrer, en les transformant, dans une société politique. Cette brève enquête montre aussi que les démocraties occidentales ont tourné le dos aux leçons fondamentales du marquis.
Exemples de sublimation face à l’angoisse de la fin du monde
Authors: Salecl Renata
Published: October 2024

Une branche particulière des études sur l’avenir, appelée collapsologie, se développe dans le monde entier. Elle traite de la probabilité d’un effondrement de la société dû au changement climatique, aux pandémies et à d’autres catastrophes similaires. Alors que les personnes qui se considèrent comme réalistes soulignent que les sociétés doivent apporter des changements immédiats aux systèmes socio-écologiques afin de les rendre plus résistants et de prévenir les conséquences catastrophiques, les utopistes pensent que nous pouvons continuer à vivre comme nous le faisons aujourd’hui. Mais il y a aussi des gens qui trouvent un plaisir particulier à imaginer la fin du monde. C’est le cas des groupes religieux qui prient pour la seconde venue du Christ. Le concept psychanalytique de sublimation peut nous aider à comprendre comment les gens tentent de réduire les pulsions inacceptables liées à l’autodestruction, à une époque où les risques de catastrophes pouvant entraîner la fin du monde augmentent. La question se pose de savoir si la religion réussit aujourd’hui mieux que la science et l’art à sublimer ces pulsions.
Tár . À propos du film de Todd Field ( USA , 2022)
Authors: Žižek Slavoj
Published: October 2024

Dans son commentaire du film Tár de Todd Field sorti en 2022, l’auteur définit d’un point de vue philosophique la notion de parallaxe et l’utilise pour en camper le personnage principal, une célèbre femme chef d’orchestre et compositeur. Il constate que, tant en raison des différents points de vue depuis lequel il est observé que de ses propres variations ontologiques, ce personnage a été diversement appréhendé par la critique. Selon lui, l’enjeu du film est de montrer, au travers de l’artiste et de son œuvre, comment l’horreur peut se loger au cœur du beau.
La médiatisation par Bernard Lenoir et Les Inrockuptibles de leurs « musiques pas comme les autres » (1977-2023)
Authors: Servat Véronique , Bonneville Adrien
Published: October 2024

Bernard Lenoir est une des figures historiques de la radio française, particulièrement de France Inter , station sur laquelle il a façonné pendant plus de trente ans ce qu’il appelle « les musiques pas comme les autres ». Ce long travail mené avec l’équipe des Inrockuptibles est examiné sous de multiples angles de façon à caractériser ces musiques ainsi que leurs modalités de diffusion auprès d’un public fidèle et fortement marqué par leur découverte. Fédérée sous la bannière Inrockuptible(s) , l’écriture de l’histoire de ce moment radiophonique dédié aux musiques rock est encore aujourd’hui largement tributaire des collectes d’archives par leurs fans, compléments précieux aux dépôts institutionnels.
La décennie 1980 : le beat africain et la bataille pour une visibilité médiatique extra-communautaire en France
Authors: Nganso Arielle
Published: October 2024

Cet article explore la période phare du rock des années 1980-1990 et l’explosion simultanée du beat africain en France. En se basant sur les archives de l’Ina, les entretiens avec des passeurs culturels et les archives de presse, il analyse la médiatisation de la sono mondiale sur la scène musicale française. Il décrit la formation d’un écosystème médiatique parallèle, échappant aux majors. L’article révèle le jeu complexe d’attraction-répulsion entre la sono mondiale et les médias grand public, tout en examinant sa légitimation progressive dans un contexte socioculturel marqué par des préjugés ethno-raciaux.
L’affaire Sonia Rozensweig, du fait divers à la campagne de presse : les réceptions d’un acte xénophobe et antisémite dans les années 1930
Authors: Schmitt Laura
Published: October 2024

Cet article analyse le traitement médiatique du suicide de la jeune polonaise de 13 ans Sonia Rozensweig. D’une indignation populaire à une émotion collective orchestrée par la grande presse, d’une indignation morale à une indignation idéologique, ce fait divers illustre les stratégies médiatiques et militantes pour mettre sur la place publique la question de l’enfance maltraitée, de la xénophobie et de l’antisémitisme. Il dessine les émotions collectives du moment dans un contexte d’exacerbation des tensions idéologiques, et se prête donc à une analyse circonstanciée sous le triple regard de l’histoire politique, culturelle et sociale.
The Computation and Application of Electron Correlation in Solids
Authors: KIM Bongjae
Published: October 2024

Correlated materials are often identified from the strength of the electronic Coulomb interactions. In this brief report, we present a method to quantify the electron interaction in a correlated system, and discuss a few representative examples which actively utilize Coulomb interactions to obtain specific material properties.
Embajadas culturales transatlánticas: Georges Clemenceau en Buenos Aires y Paul Groussac en París, 1910-1911. Relaciones intelectuales y vida universitaria
Authors: Bruno Paula
Published: October 2024

En este artículo se analizan las visitas de Georges Clemenceau a Buenos Aires, concretada en 1910, y sus conexiones con la de Paul Groussac a París, en 1911. El texto apunta a mostrar las dinámicas que se establecieron entre los dos eventos y propone pensar las visitas que realizaron como una posibilidad para estudiar las conexiones intelectuales transatlánticas en un momento inmediatamente anterior a entreguerras, que se ha estudiado en la historiografía con categorías como intercambios y movilidades científicas o académicas, cooperación intelectual, y otras. Es decir, se intenta mostrar de qué modo se consolidaron los vínculos entre Francia y un país latinoamericano en circunstancias aún no claramente institucionalizadas y formalizadas por entidades u organismos estatales. Se propone la noción de “embajadores culturales” para pensar en el rol que ejercieron los visitantes, siguiendo la propuesta de bibliografía que se ha ocupado de analizar las superposiciones entre misiones oficiales y no-gubernamentales en los procesos de construcción de lazos de intercambio, relaciones intelectuales, y otras formas de contacto entre naciones.
Maquiavelo en el aula: circulación y transferencia de conocimiento entre Europa y las Américas
Authors: Losada Leandro
Published: October 2024

El artículo estudia la recepción y la interpretación de Maquiavelo en el mundo atlántico de habla hispana (España e Hispanoamérica) entre 1914 y 1950, focalizándose en las consideraciones que desplegaron acerca del pensamiento del autor florentino destacados profesores argentinos y españoles de Derecho Político y de Filosofía del Derecho, entre ellos: Mariano de Vedia y Mitre, Faustino Legón, Tomás Casares, Adolfo Posada, Luis Legaz y Lacambra y Francisco Javier Conde. A través de este análisis, el artículo aborda dos problemas: la recepción académica y universitaria de Maquiavelo, y las características del pensamiento político liberal y antiliberal durante el período seleccionado.
A Catholic safe haven: University students from Eastern Europe in Spain during Francoism
Authors: Lemmen Sarah
Published: October 2024

In 1946, Madrid became home to a Catholic university residence, the colegio mayor Santiago Apóstol, which catered specifically to refugee students from Eastern Europe who had fled the aftermath of the Second World War and the creation of Communist regimes in their home countries. This residence hall, which housed about 800 students from 20 nationalities between its opening in the postwar era and its rededication in 1969, was part of the anticommunist governmental strategy to overcome the political isolation that Francoist Spain found itself in. It was also part of the efforts of the Catholic church to support refugees from Eastern Europe in the early Cold War. This article aims to bring these strands together, focusing on the founding of the residence hall as a Catholic and governmental endeavor. In a second step, the article focuses on the residence hall itself, considering the agency of the residence’s officials and its students, and contemplating the residence’s academic and exile networks both in Spain and internationally.
"Such pushing and shoving… and the smell! Why ever would they allow these people in to the Academy” sociability and body language of Madrid's museums visitors (19th century)
Authors: Gilarranz-Ibáñez Ainhoa
Published: October 2024

In 1828 preparations were being made for the opening of the first public museum in Spain: the Royal Prado Museum. Along with the placement of the works of art and the control of their security, visitors were an essential part of the organisation of the establishment. Although the valued role of museums as democratisers of culture has been emphasised, more recent studies have observed that the first visitors to European museums were not from all social strata. This article aims to analyse the public museum as an arena of sociability and to investigate the involvement of social elites in both the control of access and the imposition of behavioural models within these "temples of the arts.” For this reason, this paper approaches the debate around the concept of citizenship. On the one hand, it explores the gradual opening of museums to all social classes and the social debates surrounding it. On the other hand, it analyses the use of the museum as a space of symbolic battle for the appropriation of these scenarios and the creation of exclusion dynamics to limit interactions between social classes. Therefore, the text analyses, among other sources of analysis, the body language of visitors. An object of study that has been understudied but which can offer us interesting answers.
Otra cosa que no sé cómo decir. Tosquelles, una historia cultural desde las vanguardias literarias y artísticas
Authors: Masó Joana
Published: October 2024

Este artículo propone recorrer un conjunto de prácticas exploradas por el psiquiatra Francesc Tosquelles (1912-1994) que, en razón de su ausencia dentro de la historia cultural y política del s. XX, no se han visto sedimentadas dentro del relato histórico y nos permiten hoy repensar el sentido de las vanguardias clínicas, literarias y artísticas con las que dialogó para narrar, desde otro lugar, momentos políticos como la Segunda República, la guerra civil y el exilio francés. El artículo se organiza en torno a tres diálogos: la lectura del poema sobre la guerra civil de Gabriel Ferrater, In memoriam, en la que Tosquelles moviliza la herencia del lingüista Roman Jakobson; la lectura del relato Aurélia de Gérard de Nerval donde Tosquelles, lejos de la fascinación por el genio romántico, distingue críticamente entre sueño y delirio; finalmente, la discusión entre Tosquelles y el teórico del art brut, el artista Jean Dubuffet, que toma la forma de un desacuerdo sobre el sentido de las producciones artísticas realizadas por internos en los hospitales psiquiátricos. A través de estos tres diálogos, Tosquelles elabora una concepción de la vanguardia para la cual, “sin el reconocimiento del valor humano de la locura, es el hombre mismo quien desaparece”.
When Silence Creates Memory: Performed Communities in Nineteenth-century Spanish and French Commemorations
Authors: Luján Oriol
Published: October 2024

Recently, the Third Phase in memory studies has challenged traditional concepts of memory that conceived it to be a concrete image or narrative set within a fixed moment and, consequently, neglect its changeable dimension and malleability. Focusing on a constructed narrative of the past, scholars have renewed the theoretical and methodological basis of this analytical field. This study adopts this new conceptualisation to analyse the intertwining of memory and silence in official commemorations during the regencies of María Cristina (1833–40) and Espartero (1840–43) in Spain and the July Monarchy (1830–48) in France. Its main contribution is to show that a deliberate omission of a narrative cannot only be linked to oblivion and can even become a space for creating memory.
Music Emotion Classification: A Literature Review
Authors: Dhanapala Samadara , Samarasinghe Kamani
Published: October 2024

Music, as an art form, combines rhythm and sound to form a functional melodic structure, uniquely capable of conveying emotions non-verbally. Within the domain of Music Information Retrieval (MIR), Music Emotion Classification (MEC) represents a specialized subset dedicated to the identification and labeling of emotional attributes in songs. This is achieved by extracting and comparing features from musical compositions. This research aims to discern the contemporary landscape of research and its associated research gaps in this domain. The study comprised a collection of publications found through searches conducted on Google Scholar between the years 2006 and 2023, with the search terms: Music Emotion Classification, Music Emotion Classification in Sri Lanka, Music Emotion Recognition, and Emotion Classification in Music. This study was narrowed down to the research that utilized audio files for classification. Among the initial set of 42 studies, 20 were selected for detailed analysis using the purposive sampling method. The review encompassed essential aspects, including acoustic feature analysis, emotional modeling, classification methodologies, and performance evaluation. The findings highlighted a paucity of research considering cultural, regional, and linguistic variations. The most often used acoustic features encompassed rhythm, pitch, timbre, spectral, and harmony whereas the most frequently used emotion categories for the classification were happiness, anger, sadness, and relaxation. Support Vector Machine (SVM) was the most used machine learning algorithm for classification, although regression methods, neural network-based approaches, and fuzzy classifications were also explored. Notably, the adoption of multi-modal approaches for emotion classification, as well as multi-labeled emotion classification, remained limited. These insights underscore the need for future research to address the cultural and language diversity of datasets, explore innovative classification techniques, and embrace multi-modal and multi-labeled emotional classification methodologies in the context of music emotion classification within MIR.
Aesthetics and Choreography of Bharatanatyam
Authors: Tharmenthira Shopana
Published: October 2024

The word “Aesthetic” in the context of Indian Aesthetics means “Science and philosophy of Fine Art” Bharathe muni wrote the theoretical treatise Natyasastra on Indian performing Arts including theatre, dance acting, and Music. Natyasastra is said to explain Indian aesthetics. Natyasastra is the scientific explanation of classical Indian dances. In this context, Bharatanatyam is also grounded in the principles of the Natyashastra. This research highlights how aesthetic aspects permeate Bharathanatya choreography, which involves designing the dance according to the rhythm of the ragas, along with abhinaya, bhava, and rasa. The choreography of Bharatanatyam is based on body parts and body shape( body proposition) by various elements, including positions (sthāna), hand gestures (mudra), neck movements, eye movements, head movements, karanas, mandalas, and charis. In Bharatanatyam, the body and the shape of the body (including the organs) are the basic source. Beauty is associated with interpretation. Deciphering the symbols means interpretation. The purpose of this study is to explore how aesthetic aspects play an important role in the creation of Bharatanatyam choreography, as Bharatanatyam is an art of both design and creativity this study uses the descriptive research method, observational research method, and qualitative research method. It is descriptive in the sense that it explains the aesthetics of Bharatanatyam choreography and observational since it observes the aesthetic aspects of Bharatanatyam choreography which is method-based. Moreover, the study examines the aesthetic expressions of the performers, who also serve as observers of the art form... When Bharatanatyam is designed with aesthetic aspects in mind, it becomes a powerful and valuable dance form. Systematically, organizing and expressing choreography with these aesthetic elements leads to seamless creativity, effective communication with the audience, relevance for future generations, and the preservation of socio-cultural values.
Assessment of Growth and Yield Characteristics of a Greenhouse Hybrid and a Dual-Purpose Tomato Cultivar under Different Microclimatic Conditions
Authors: Dewapriya I. N. S. , Hettiarachchi M. H. S. M. , Weerakoddy W. A. P. , Bandaranayake A. U. , Amaratunga K. S. P. , Bandaranayake P. C. G.
Published: October 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., family Solanaceae) represents one of the most cultivated horticultural crops worldwide. It contains various nutrients, providing health benefits. For better crop management strategies, especially with global warming, it is crucial to investigate how varieties or cultivars bred for different purposes respond to the changing macro or microenvironmental conditions. This research aimed to assess the growth, reproductive development and selected quality parameters of two tomato varieties, ‘Sylviana’ (a greenhouse hybrid) and ‘Bolseno’ (a dual-purpose variety), under a greenhouse environment. The study was conducted in the mid-country wet zone of Sri Lanka where the intensive-control greenhouse (T1) maintained a favourable air temperature (<33°C) for crop growth compared to high daytime temperatures of semi-intensive (T2) and less-intensive (T3) greenhouses (up to 36°C). In ‘Bolseno’, vegetative growth parameters were significantly affected (P<0.05) by different environments but not in ‘Sylviana’ (P>0.05). T1 resulted in the highest mean fruit weight and mean fruit diameter in both varieties. Since ‘Sylviana’ performed well in all three growing environments, the fruit quality was assessed by measuring the antioxidant activity (AOX) and total phenolic content (TPC) using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and Folin–Ciocalteu method, respectively. Significantly higher AOX (P<0.05) was reported in T1 while T2 had a higher TPC. The results revealed that different tomato genotypes respond differently to changes in micro environmental conditions in terms of growth and some reproductive traits, and the same variety grown in different conditions had different TPC and AOX.
Why the General Trust of Chinese People is Higher Than That of Japanese People?
Authors: Lin Pingping
Published: October 2024

Several major international comparative surveys (World Values Survey, East Asian Social Survey) have repeatedly shown that Chinese people report higher levels of general trust towards people than Japanese people. It has been pointed out that if Chinese people recall the people around them when answering the question “Most people can be trusted?”, this could explain their high general trust (Yoshino and Osaki, 2013), but there are no empirical studies yet. Therefore, in this study, we will compare general trust between Japan and China by focusing on “Who comes to mind in response”. A total of 318 Japanese and 476 Chinese university students were asked to answer questions about general trust, and to select from eight items such as “people in general,” “people in local area,” “friends and acquaintances,” and “parents, siblings, and relatives” as to whom they imaged when answering. The results showed that (1) Consistent with previous studies, Chinese people reported higher general trust (positive answer: 75.8%) than Japanese people (51.6%). (2) The percentage of people who only recalled “people in general” or “Japanese in general/Chinese in general” was higher in Japan (54.7%) than in China (22.3%), while the percentage of people who recalled “parents, siblings, and relatives” was higher in China (54.2%) than in Japan (16.4%). (3) In both Japan and China, the main effect of “the person who recalled” was significant, with those who recalled “parents, siblings, and relatives” having a higher general trust. (4)There was a significant interaction between “the people who recalled” and “culture” on general trust, and cultural differences in general trust were found only in the “people in general or Japanese in general/Chinese in general” condition, which is higher for Chinese than for Japanese. (5) The mediation effect of “the person who recalled” on the cultural difference in general trust was examined, and a significant partial mediation effect was identified. However, even considering these media effects, the cultural difference in general trust between Japan and China is still significant, suggesting that further investigation of other factors is needed. The results for the Japanese and Chinese in this study also indicate the need to treat responses to general trust in previous social surveys with caution and pay attention to the interpretation of cultural differences.
A Position Statement on Diabetes with β-Cell Failure
Authors: Kim Ji Yoon , Jin Sang-Man , Kim Gyuri , Kim Soo Kyoung , Kim Won Jun , Moon Sun Joon , Yoo Jee Hee , Lee Da Young , Lee Seung-Eun , Jun Ji Eun , Kim Jae Hyeon ,   Korean Diabetes Association Task Force Team for Diabetes with β-Cell Failure
Published: October 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous disease that encompasses a wide range of conditions, from mild cases to severe conditions where survival depends on insulin therapy. The Korean Diabetes Association Task Force Team for Diabetes with β-Cell Failure has established the term to classify severe refractory disease with β-cell failure. Individuals with β-cell failure are at high risk of diabetes-related complications. We propose that diabetes with β-cell failure can be diagnosed when individuals treated with multiple daily insulin injections or insulin pumps meet at least one of the following criteria: fasting C-peptide ≤ 0.6 ng/mL, non-fasting C-peptide ≤ 1.8 ng/mL, 24-hour urine C-peptide < 30 μg/day, or spot urine C-peptide/creatinine ratio ≤ 0.6 nmol/mmol. Among cases of diabetes with β-cell failure, β-cell failure with absolute insulin deficiency can be diagnosed when at least one of the following criteria is met: fasting C-peptide < 0.24 ng/mL, non-fasting C-peptide < 0.6 ng/mL, or spot urine C-peptide/ creatinine ratio < 0.2 nmol/mmol. Multiple daily insulin injections with long-acting insulin analogs and rapid-acting insulin analogs or insulin pumps are required for treatment of diabetes with β-cell failure. Continuous glucose monitoring and an automated insulin delivery system, sensor-augmented pump, or smart insulin pen, along with structured education, are necessary. We call for improvements in the relevant systems to ensure that such treatments can be provided.
Management Strategies for Obese Diabetes
Authors: Kim Mi-Sook , Lee Seung-Hwan
Published: October 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on the relationship between obesity and diabetes. An analysis of Korean data revealed that more than 75% of diabetic patients were overweight or obese, with two-thirds having abdominal obesity. Traditional treatment goals for diabetes have primarily focused on lowering blood glucose levels to prevent and treat microvascular and macrovascular complications, which is known as the glucocentric approach. However, with the recognition of the shared pathophysiology of insulin resistance in both diabetes and obesity, a weight-centric approach has emerged, particularly beneficial for patients in whom insulin resistance is a primary driver of type 2 diabetes. Of note, the overlap of various physiological aspects in diabetic patients necessitates a multicentric approach for effective type 2 diabetes management. Recent guidelines now recommend weight loss as a primary treatment goal alongside blood glucose control for overweight and obese diabetic patients, highlighting the significance of weight management in diabetes care. Medications such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist or dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/GLP-1 receptor agonist with weight-loss effects are recommended for this patient population. Ongoing research is exploring the potential of various gut hormone-based therapies, offering hope for effective weight management and improved diabetes outcomes in the growing population of obese diabetic individuals.
Patient Education in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus through Continuous Glucose Monitoring Reports
Authors: Kim Hye Min
Published: October 2024

The number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) continues to increase. The combined effects of CGM and patient education have been demonstrated to improve glycemic control more effectively than CGM alone. Therefore, healthcare providers should analyze CGM reports and offer structured, personalized education to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Various features are frequently updated in CGM reports. Thus, healthcare providers should be skilled in using these features to improve the quality of patient care.
Self-Management Experiences of Diabetic Patients in One-Person Household
Authors: Yoo Been
Published: October 2024

Though the role of the family is important in diabetes management, the increase in one-person household is complicating this role. Therefore, we divided diabetes patients who lived alone with overall health vulnerability into age groups to understand their lives and seek educational methods that can help them. Young one-person household diabetes patients suffered greatly from anxiety and depression about the future, while patients who managed well accurately understood information about their health and tried to manage it on their own. Middle-aged one-person household diabetes patients who were men had greater difficulty preparing meals, while women had greater anxiety about worsening health, but they tried to improve their lifestyle habits to look after their health and become independent. Elderly one-person household diabetes patients had great difficulty living independently due to old age and needed help with diabetes care. This study aimed to understand the lives of one-person household diabetes patients and learn about their experiences with self-management. Based on this, diabetes educators should pay attention to the personal and environmental factors of patients and strive to provide customized education. They should also identify and connect to various resources available in the community.
The Effects of Music Therapy on Self-Management, Depression, and Stress in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lee Jung-Hwa , Jeong In-Kyung , Han Ga-Young , Moon Heakyung
Published: October 2024

Background: Among type 2 diabetes patients hospitalized for blood sugar control, stress and depression are high and have a negative effect on blood sugar control. Therefore, this study sought to determine whether listening to music helps reduce stress and depression and affects blood sugar control.Methods: This is a randomized, controlled, pre- and post-design study conducted from April 2017 to September 2019 in patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized for blood glucose control at Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong. After diabetes education was provided to both the control and experimental groups, the experimental group listened to music for 30 minutes a day with a tablet PC and the control group was prohibited from listening to music during the study period. Stress was evaluated using the PAID (Problem Areas in Diabetes) scores, depression using the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression) scale, and self-management using the SDSCA (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities) questionnaire.Results: A total of 59 patients (41.5 ± 12.6 years, 75.0% male) were enrolled and randomized into the control group (n = 28) and experimental group (n = 31). Music therapy had no statistically significant relationship with blood sugar (P = 0.887), depression (P = 0.248), stress (P = 0.994), or self-management (P = 0.959). However, in both groups, blood glucose control, stress, and self-management were all significantly improved at discharge compared to at the beginning of hospitalization (P = 0.031).Conclusion: It was confirmed that intensive medical treatment and diabetes education for hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes improved not only blood glucose control but also depression, stress, and self-management, regardless of listening to music.
The outcome of surgery for congenital heart disease in India: A systematic review and metanalysis
Authors: Kadiyani Lamk , Kalaivani Mani , Iyer Krishna S. , Ramakrishnan Sivasubramanian
Published: October 2024

Background:

The mortality risks of children undergoing various cardiac surgeries for congenital heart disease (CHD) in India are not well defined. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the inhospital mortality of various common CHD surgeries reported in India and compared it to representative data from established Western databases.

Methods and Results:

We searched four bibliographic databases for studies published in India over the last 25 years. In total, 135 studies met the inclusion criteria and included 30,587 patients aged from 1 day to 65 years. The pooled mortality rate of 43 Indian studies reporting multiple CHD surgical outcomes is 5.63% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.26–7.16; I
2 = 93.9%), whereas the Western data showed a pooled mortality rate of 2.65% (P value for comparison <0.0001). The pooled mortality risk for ventricular septal defect closure and tetralogy of Fallot repair in Indian studies was 2.87% (95% CI: 0.76–5.91; I
2 = 62.4%) and 4.61% (95% CI: 2.0–8.02; I
2 = 87.4%), respectively. The estimated mortality risk was higher than the Western databases for all subcategories studied except for surgeries in the grown-ups with CHD population and coarctation repair.

Conclusions:

The estimated mortality risks are higher among Indian patients undergoing cardiac surgery for CHD as compared to Western data. We need prospective multicentric data to document whether the observed excess mortality exists after adjusting for various high-risk features and comorbidities in Indian patients. We need systemic measures to improve the outcomes of CHD surgeries in India.
Berry syndrome: First Successful neonatal single-stage repair in India
Authors: Yadav Shefali , Bhan Anil , Sharma Rajesh , Misri Amit , Gera Akriti , Bajpai Pankaj
Published: October 2024

Berry et al. (1982) described a rare syndrome associated with distal aortopulmonary window, aortic origin of the right pulmonary artery, intact ventricular septum, and interruption or coarctation of the aorta. Here, we present the first neonatal case of single-stage repair of Berry syndrome in India. Timely surgery and skilled postoperative care define the short-term and long-term outcomes. Single-staged repair is preferred wherever feasible.
Implementation of Case-Based Learning in 1st-Year MBBS Students -Future of Medical Professionals Learning Methods in Indian Medical Colleges?
Authors: Ambike Mandar Vilas , Kharche Jayshree Sachin , Kulkarni Shraddha Shripad , Sagar T Vijaya , Vijayakumar K , Kondaveeti Suresh Babu
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Case Based Learning (CBL) is the best method for correlation of knowledge with clinical scenarios. The present study is planned to implement case-based learning in 1st-Year MBBS students and find out the perception of the students as a guideline to incorporate this activity in the curriculum.

Material and Methods:

The study was conducted among 1st-Year MBBS students. The students who consented to participate were divided into 23 groups each containing 5-6 participants. The case along with the reference material was allotted to the groups of students sequentially. Faculty was allotted to each group of students for their help and discussion on the given case. The completed activity was uploaded on Moodle for all the students to go through. After 25 weeks, students’ perception of the activity were obtained with the help of validated questionnaire through Google Forms. Data was analyzed in SPSS software.

Results:

85% of students felt that CBL helped them understand clinical applications, enhanced problem-solving skills and retention of knowledge. More than 85% of students were comfortable with CBL in terms of relevance to the curriculum, mode of conduction, and development of interest. Over 90% of students mentioned that provided resources and faculty were helpful.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that successful implementation of case-based learning is possible for 1st-Year MBBS medical students. Students perceived CBL as a motivating and effective teaching-learning method.
Priapism in South West Nigeria—Short and Intermediate-Term Outcomes
Authors: Tijani Kehinde Habeeb , Okeke Chike John , Oluyemi Olukayode Yinka , Animashaun Emmanuel Abayomi , Ojewola Rufus Wale , Habeeb-Tijani Ismail A. , Alaba Oluwaseun Samuel
Published: October 2024

Background:

Priapism is usually defined as penile erection that lasts more than 4 h beyond sexual stimulation and orgasm or is unrelated to sexual stimulation. The overwhelmingly more common low-flow priapism is typically painful, while high-flow priapism is typically painless. Interventions are varied depending on the aetiology and timing of the presentation. The outcome in most cases depends on the timing of the intervention.

Objective:

This study aimed to review the presentation and short- and intermediate-term outcomes of treatment of priapism in patients in Southern Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective 10-year study conducted from 2010 to 2019 of all adult patients diagnosed with priapism who were admitted to the adult urology units in two Government University Teaching hospitals in South West Nigeria.

Results:

The records of 61 patients were analysed. The mean age was 27.54 years ± 6.22 with a range of 15–56 years. The median duration of symptoms before presentation was 36 h with a range of 2 to 336 h. Eleven patients (18%) presented within 24 h of onset of symptoms. Sickle cell disease (SCD) and idiopathic aetiology were the most common causes of priapism, accounting for 44 (72.1%) and 8 (13.1%) respectively. Corporal aspiration resolved the priapism in 22 (36.1.%), while corpora–glandular shunt was the final treatment in 36 (59.1%). Fifty-seven per cent had erectile dysfunction (ED), while penile gangrene with autoamputation was observed in one patient (1.6%). Sixty-six per cent and 62% of patients who presented within < 36 h and 36–72 h, respectively, experienced normal erection at 6 months after surgery. Erectile function got progressively worse after 72 h, with all patients with ischemic priapism lasting more than 1 week developing ED. There was no statistically significant relationship between the variants of SCD and the risk of ED in patients who presented within 72 h.

Conclusion:

The incidence of ischemic priapism was high, with sickle cell disease being the most common cause. The risk of ED was significantly worse after 72 h. The aetiology of priapism did not significantly influence the risk of ED.
Clinical and Radiological Severity of Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head in Sickle Cell Disease Patients
Authors: Agbeko Ocloo , Abena Kwafo-Armah , Lartey Samuel Quarshie
Published: October 2024

Background:

Sickle cell disease (SCD) has a high prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa. Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a devastating complication of SCD. Early presentation and diagnosis can be treated with hip-preserving procedures, resulting in good outcomes. Late presentations will require more complicated treatment procedures, such as hip replacement. A good knowledge of the clinical presentation and severity of the disease will aid in early detection and clinical management. This study was designed to establish the age and sex distribution, severity, and stages of AVN in SCD patients at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study of SCD patients referred to the orthopaedic clinic with AVN of the femoral head. An evaluation form was used to assess the patient’s age, sex, genotype, and clinical symptoms. Hip X-rays were obtained to assess the severity of the disease. Chi-square tests were used to determine the association between demographic variables’ data and AVN.

Results:

Most patients were in the 31- to 50-year age group and presented with profound and limiting clinical features and advanced features on X-rays (stages 3 and 4 of the disease). There was a statistically significant association between the radiological stage of disease and clinical symptoms (limping, difficulty climbing stairs, and hip abduction).

Conclusion:

The patients mostly presented with severe disease both clinically and radiologically and will require complex surgical procedures including hip arthroplasties. Clinicians at primary care centres need to look out for early signs so that they can refer them for treatment.
An Appraisal of Anaesthesia Practices for Obstetric and Gynaecologic Surgeries in a Tertiary Health Center in Zaria, North Western Nigeria
Authors: Yahya Anisah , Yakubu Hamisu , Umar Aminatu Makarfi , Sada Shafa’atu Ismail , Bakari Fadimatu , Umaru-Sule Hajara , Mohammed Usman , Idris Mohammad El-Amin , Aliyu Rabi’at Muhammad , Abdullahi Zubaida Garba , Adamu Bilkisu , Sarkin-Pawa Zulaihatu , Abbas Iliyasu
Published: October 2024

Background:

Anaesthesia is a critical aspect of every surgical procedure. Various options exist depending on the type of procedure, nature and the clinical state of the patient. This study reviewed the anaesthesia practices for Obstetric and Gynaecologic surgeries at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria.

Materials and Methods:

It was a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria. Obstetric and Gynaecologic surgeries performed from 1 November 2022 to 31 October 2023 were included in the study. Relevant data for the study were obtained from the anaesthesia register in the theatre. The data were analysed with SPSS 20.

Results:

The mean age ± SD of patients who had surgery was 32.1 ± 9.1 years. A total of 547 cases were reviewed, of which 273 (49.9%) were elective cases and 274 (51.1%) were emergency cases. Out of these, 254 (46.4%) were obstetric emergencies, 20 (3.7%) were gynaecologic emergencies, 149 (27.2%) were elective gynaecologic cases, and 124 (22.7%) were elective obstetric cases. The majority of the cases, 407 (74.4%), were American Society of Anaesthesiologists II. Spinal anaesthesia was the commonest type of anaesthesia used in obstetric surgeries 336 (91.8%), while general anaesthesia was the commonest type of anaesthesia used in gynaecologic surgeries 89 (79.5%). Senior registrars gave anaesthesia in 457 (83.5%) cases. Heavy Bupivacaine (0.5%) was the commonest agent used for spinal anaesthesia in 327(89.3%) cases, while plain bupivacaine (0.5%) was the least agent used in 39(10.7%). Propofol was the most common agent used for the induction of general anaesthesia in 72 (64.3%) cases, while ketamine was the least used agent in 40 (35.7%). Anaesthesia complications were recorded in only 24 (4.4%) of cases. The complications were recorded in 13 (54.2%) procedures done under neuraxial anaesthesia and 11 (45.8%) cases done under general anaesthesia. Cardiovascular instability was the most common complication recorded in 10 (41.7%) cases.

Conclusion:

Spinal anaesthesia was the most common technique of anaesthesia in Obstetric surgeries, while general anaesthesia was the most common in Gynaecologic surgeries during the period under review. Complications of anaesthesia were uncommon.
Analgesic efficacy of sacral neuromodulation for chronic pelvic cancer pain
Authors: Fares Khaled M. , Mohamed Sahar A. B. , Hetta Diab F. , Tohamy Moaaz Mohamed , Elgalaly Nourhan A. , Elhusseini Nayira M. , El Sherif Fatma Adel
Published: October 2024

Background:

Neuromodulation has provided promising results in chronic pain management. Sacral neurostimulation (SNS) is a neuromodulatory technique, where the sacral nerve roots are electrically stimulated.

Objective:

Evaluate the efficacy of the trial phase to control severe cancer pain in pelvic organs.

Design:

Pilot study.

Methods:

Chronic pelvic cancer pain patients were managed with morphine ≥ 60 mg daily, duloxetine 30 mg, and celecoxib 200 mg twice daily. Twenty-two adults were divided randomly into two equal groups: the SNS group (N = 11), received a sacral neurostimulator device and opioid analgesics, and the opioid group (N = 11), received increased opioid analgesics to control pain.

Results:

Visual analog scale scores were decreased in the SNS group at 24 h, 4 days, 1, and 2 weeks in SNS compared to the opioid group, medians (IQR) [4 (3–5) vs 6 (5–7), 3 (3–4) vs 5 (5–6), 3 (3–4) vs 5 (5–6), and 3 (3–3) vs 5 (4–6) P < 0.001], daily morphine consumption was reduced in the SNS group compared to the opioid group, median (IQR) [90 (60–90) mg vs 120 (120–150) mg, P < 0.001] and [30 (30–60) mg vs 150 (120–180) mg] during the first and second weeks. The SNS group had a better life quality compared to the opioid group after 2 weeks, median (IQR) was (123 (122.5–124) vs 117 (117–118.5) P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion:

The SNS trial device showed effectiveness in managing severe chronic pelvic cancer pain.
The role of extradiaphragmatic muscles’ ultrasound on the diagnosis and follow-up of diaphragmatic dysfunction associated with cervical septic arthritis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Menozzi Alessandro , Sabbatini Giovanni , Umbrello Michele , Gotti Miriam , Salvioni Alessandra , Galimberti Andrea , Pezzi Angelo , Formenti Paolo
Published: October 2024

Cervical septic arthritis can lead to complications such as epidural abscess, which may result in respiratory failure. We present a case of a 78-year-old male with cervical septic arthritis complicated by epidural abscess, leading to severe diaphragm dysfunction. Ultrasound evaluation revealed dysfunction of the left hemidiaphragm and compensatory activation of accessory respiratory muscles. Treatment included antibiotic therapy and corticosteroids, alongside respiratory support. After 21 days, improvements were observed in diaphragmatic function and respiratory muscle activation. Our findings highlight the importance of assessing both diaphragm and accessory respiratory muscles in cases of cervical septic arthritis with respiratory complications.
Usage of Foley’s catheter in pediatric lung isolation, whole lung lavage: A case report
Authors: Alotaibi Narjes S. , Arafah Osamah , Aljonaieh Khalid , Ayaz Feras , Hinai Hanan A. L.
Published: October 2024

This case report delves into pediatric lung isolation challenges and innovations in managing patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis undergoing whole lung lavage. The central focus is on a 5-year-old girl who initially encountered intraoperative complications, including bilateral pneumothorax and pulmonary edema. However, a subsequent attempt employing a Foley’s catheter for lung isolation proved successful, with the patient displaying marked postoperative improvements. The case offers valuable insights into the intricate balance of anesthesia, ventilatory parameters, and the novel use of common medical equipment, like the Foley’s catheter, for specialized procedures in pediatric pulmonology.