bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kutadgu Bilig'te Rüya Çeşitleri ve Yorumu
Authors: KURTULGAN Zehra
Published: March 2023

Eski çağlardan bu zamana kadar rüya konusu, insanlar için geleceği sorgulama, bir mesaj veya anlam bildirmesi açısından araştırılması gereken bir alan olarak görülmüştür. Bazı toplumlar bu konuya ilkel bir anlayışla yaklaşsa da çoğu araştırmacı bu konuyu bilimsel bir anlayışla açıklamayı tercih etmiştir. Kimi araştırmacılar, bazı rüyaların gerçeği yansıttığını bazılarının ise inanılmaması gereken şeytanî vasıfta olduğunu düşünmektedir. Kimileri ise, rüyaların kişilerin günlük telaş ya da düşüncelerinden kaynaklı olduğunu söylemektedir. Gerek geleceğe dair bir mesaj gerek şeytanî gerekse günlük telaştan kaynaklı olan rüyaların dolaylı olarak da olsa hayatımıza olan etkileri bilinmektedir. Hatta İslam inancında rüya kavramı oldukça ayrıntılı bir şekilde yer almıştır. Çeşitli eserlerde rüya konusu işlenmiştir. Rüya ve rüya ile ilgili kavramlar 11.yy. Karahanlı dönemi eseri olan Kutadgu Bilig’te de bulunmaktadır. Kutadgu Bilig konu ve sözcük hazinesi açısından oldukça zengin bir alan içermektedir. Özellikle çalışmamızın konusunu teşkil eden rüya için özel bir bölüm ayrılmıştır. Bu bölüm haricinde diğer konuların içine serpiştirilmiş rüya ile ilgili beyitler vardır. Eserdeki rüyalar konularına göre Rahmanî, Şeytanî, Nefsanî rüya olmak üzere üç temel başlık altında ele alınıp incelenmiştir. Bu sınıflama İslami rüya çeşitlerinden hareketle yapılmıştır. Eserdeki rüyaların sınıflandırılması ile rüyanın genel görünümü açığa çıkarılmak istenmektedir. Ayrıca eserin beyitleri örnek olarak verilerek kelime hazinesi ve içinde barındırdığı kültürel değerlerin ortaya çıkması amaçlanmıştır. Böylece yazarın rüya kavramına olan bakış açısı daha net bir görünüm kazanmış olacaktır.
N. S. Gumilyov’un Büyülü Keman Şiiri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÖZBERK Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Gümüş Çağ’ın önde gelen şairlerinden biri olan akmeizmin kurucusu N. S. Gumilyov, yaşadığı dönemde şiirleriyle Rus edebiyatına büyük katkılar sunar. Ekim Devriminin ardından devrim karşıtlığından dolayı suçlanan, ancak bu iddia kanıtlanamadan kurşuna dizilen, Sovyet Rusya’da adı ve sanatı açık bir yasak altında kalan şair, Büyülü Keman şiirinde kendi sonunu gören bir kehanette bulunur. Manzum tarzda kaleme alınan bu şiir, bir yanda gerçek sanatçının yeteneğini sorgularken diğer yanda müziğin insan iradesi üzerindeki etkisini irdeler. Mitolojik bir altyapı barındıran; kompozisyonel açıdan tematik, ideolojik ve estetik içeren ahenkli bir bütünden oluşan; yasaklı olduğu halde birçok kez şarkı sözü olarak bestelenen Büyülü Keman şiiri N. S. Gumilyov’un şiir-müzik birlikteliğini ve dolayısıyla sanat hakkında düşüncelerini ortaya koyan çarpıcı bir eseridir. Bu çalışmada, yakın okuma tekniğiyle kısa süren yaşamı gerilimlerle dolu N. S. Gumilyov’un şiir sanatı ve Büyülü Keman şiiri hakkında kısa bilgi verilecek, eserin yapısal ve biçimsel özellikleri incelenecek ve eserdeki aşk, müzik ve yazgı olguları üstünde durulacaktır.
Therapeutic effect of pulsed currents on the brain in a substance abuse clinic
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, FSAEI HE I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Darenskiy I.D.
Published: March 2023

The impact of pulsed currents on the human brain for therapeutic purposes has been used for a long time, and during this time the views on the parameters of the current and the position of the electrodes on the patient's scalp have changed significantly. This concerns understanding the mechanisms of action, goals, and, accordingly, the parameters of the current used. Material and methods. The relief of alcohol withdrawal syndrome during inpatient treatment of patients with alcohol dependence was carried out with six devices generating a pulsed current, which differ in the characteristics of the current during transcerebral exposure. Results. It was found that it is preferable to use the device, in which the effective component has low voltage and high frequency, taking into account the hemispheric lateralization of mental functions. Such characteristics of the current provide high efficiency of treatment and the absence of side effects.
To the discussion of the problem of errors in neurosurgery. Literature review
Authors:   Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Shnyakin P. G. , Rudenko P. G. ,   Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Botov A. V. ,   Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Loseva A. S. ,   Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
Published: March 2023

Among all adverse perioperative events, medical error is one of the most serious, associated with possible complications for the patient, severe psychological trauma for the surgeon, and often with the involvement of the Investigative Committee in assessing the results of treatment. At the same time, among the researchers of this issue there is still no consensus on what exactly is meant by «medical error». In modern legal scientific publications, they often call for abandoning this term and using the concept of «negligence» for lawyers. It is all the more important in the professional community to define the concept of «medical error» and distinguish it from other undesirable events associated with the treatment of the patient. This review presents different approaches to the definition of the concepts of «medical error» and «surgical error», what is their main difference from iatrogenic, medical negligence, complications of surgery. Some classifications of errors in surgery are presented. The most common factors of surgical errors are identified, such as lack of competence and experience of the doctor, impaired interaction and communication of staff, excessive workload and fatigue, emergency operations, unusual patient anatomy, lack of necessary equipment and instruments. Using the example of neurosurgical practice, such errors as performing a craniotomy on the wrong side, surgery on the spine at the wrong level, leaving foreign bodies in the wound, and others are considered. In conclusion, the main measures for the prevention of errors in surgery in general and in neurosurgery in particular are described.
Preoperative planning of patients with pituitary tumors (adenomas) according to neuroimaging data
Authors:   St. Petersburg Children’s Municipal Multi-Specialty Clinical Center of High Medical Technology named after K.A. Rauhfus, St. Petersburg, Russia, Shcherban A.E. , Cherebillo V.Yu. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia, Smirnova A.V. ,   Limited Liability Company "Diagnostic and Treatment Center of the Medical Institute named after Berezin Sergey", St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: March 2023

The task of any neurosurgery for a tumor removal is the safest possible resection with minimal complications. For its implementation, it is of great importance to carry out preoperative planning using modern neuroimaging methods (MRI, MSCT, PET). It includes imaging of topographic and anatomical features of the area of interest, which may vary depending on the direction of tumor growth. Neuroimaging data allows assessing the properties of the tumor (size, spread, density, degree of vascularization) in a particular patient at the preoperative stage. For the procedure of neuro-radiosurgery treatment, a dosimetric plan is additionally created, which should be as selective and conformal as possible, taking into account the critical structures located nearby. Aim of the study. Based on our own research and literature data, to analyze and demonstrate the most informative neuroimaging methods when planning neurosurgery and neuro-radiosurgery interventions that will ensure safe and, if possible, radical treatment of pituitary adenomas. Materials and methods. The analysis included 29 foreign and 9 Russian scientific sources devoted to the study of the possibilities of MRI, CT, and PET in the diagnosis of pituitary adenomas, from the perspective of modern neuroimaging capabilities. The work is illustrated with images of the studied area obtained during the planning of neurosurgery or neuro-radiosurgery treatment. The analysis of our own observations based on neuroimaging data in 280 patients was carried out. Results. Based on the analysis of literary sources, the modern possibilities of neuroimaging in the planning of neurosurgeries and neuro-radiosurgeries are demonstrated. Optimal neuroimaging techniques have been determined to assess the anatomical features of the sellar region and the properties of the tumor, allowing to increase the effectiveness of preoperative planning in each specific case.
Applying categories of H.V.F. Hegel’s philosophy for cultural study of soviet cinematography of the 20-30's of the 20th century
Authors:   National Academy of Management of Culture and Arts, Poleshuk Ruslan
Published: March 2023

The article compares the filmmaking of S. Eisenstein and O. Dovzhenko, from the point of view of Hegelian concepts, including the modern understanding of concrete and abstract unity. The work revealed the cultural content of Hegel's concepts "spirit of the people", "spirit of the time" and "spirit of the world", "progress" and "freedom", as well as the modern understanding of Hegel's dialectics. The work offers a cinematic context of Hegel's concrete and abstract unity. According to our conclusion, the philosophical context of O. Dovzhenko's filmmaking has fundamental differences from the cinema of S. Eisenstein's school. We came to the conclusion that the philosophy of O. Dovzhenko's films offers the meanings of abstract unity, which determine the evolutionary development of society, with the help of the institution of individual freedom. At the same time, the cinema of the Eisenstein school is limited to a concrete Hegelian unity, which aims to mythologize a certain historical period according to the patterns of Soviet propaganda.
Art practices in the context of culture
Authors:   Taras Sнevcнenko National University of Kyiv, Tormakнova Anastasiia
Published: March 2023

The article outlines the role of art in the context of culture. It is noted that it is constantly changing. The development of art is determined by various political, ideological, economic, and technological factors. Worldview and religious components that determine the theme and nature of artistic practices play an equally important role. The emergence of technologies affects the emergence of new types of art or changes in existing ones. Moreover, the level of technological innovation is extremely different. On the one hand, the appearance of other paints is possible, which will affect the use of a different surface, change the nature of strokes, and the duration of preservation of the finished art product. On the other hand, the formation of certain innovations in technologies can become a reason for a global change not only in the external, but also in the design features of products. The change of art, the appearance of new types and styles is also accompanied by the genre transformation of already existing works. If we trace the functioning of artistic practices in the context of culture, it can be noted that priority was given to those that had a synthetic nature. The appeal to various senses became a guarantee of audience interest. The spectacle took various forms in human history, from the first syncretic acts to full-fledged theatrical performances. In this series, such musical and theatrical genres as opera and ballet, later operetta, musical, rock opera, etc., were formed. Their functioning was due to the growing need to create more effective and fashionable forms. Even long before the emergence of the postmodern worldview, the process of adapting genres to the needs of society took place. It was accompanied by a number of transformations of works from one genre to another. This process has a permanent character, because art reflects everything that happens in society. At the same time, it is ambivalently aimed at other cultural factors, because art influences the formation of a new worldview, often determines the vector of economic development, etc. Artistic practices cannot exist separately from other cultural components. Being a tool of propaganda or acting as a recorder of historical events, art has a significant level of involvement, in which the freedom of the artist is quite relative. Therefore, art should be considered not only as a certain self-value that exists by itself, but as part of a single process of human development.
Socio-demographic case study of the jewish community of Mariupol and Azov region during the pre-soviet period (based on the 1897 census)
Authors:   non-governmental organization   «Center of Religious Science Research and International Spiritual Relations», Lukovenko Illia
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes socio-demographic indicators obtained during the all-Russian population census in 1897, which characterize the socio-cultural aspects of the Jewish community of the Azov region and Mariupol. The share of the Jewish population in Mariupol was much larger than in the countryside. The urban population significantly prevailed over the rural population. Jewish and German agricultural colonies, as well as Ukrainian and Greek villages, were the centers of Jewish settlement in the countryside. The Jewish community of both the city and the countryside was predominantly young with a predominance of people of working and reproductive age. The identification of the Jewish community was determined by linguistic (Jewish language) and religious (Judaism) characteristics. The number of followers of Judaism was greater than the number of speakers of the Hebrew language due to the fact that some Jews communicated in other languages, mainly Russian. The share of Russian-speaking people in the city was higher than in the countryside, due to the greater number of Russification factors in the city. The social structure of the Jewish community of the city of Mariupol was determined by the total predominance of the bourgeois component with an insignificant presence of others, in particular, the peasantry and merchants. The rural area was characterized by the predominance of peasant and bourgeois classes. The structure of professional activity basically repeated the one that the Jews brought from the towns - craft and trade activity. In the countryside, a significant layer of agricultural activity was added, and in the city, a variety of free professions (journalists, lawyers, doctors, education workers) were spread.
Crimes of the russian occupiers against the cultural heritage of Mariupol
Authors:   Mariupol State University, Kyiv., Demidko Olha
Published: March 2023

The article outlines the crimes of the Russian occupiers against the cultural heritage of Mariupol. The norms of international humanitarian law, which protect cultural values during military operations, are analyzed. The autor explains that the parties to the conflict are obliged to respect and protect them, prohibit, warn and stop any acts of theft, robbery or misappropriation of cultural values in any form, as well as any acts of vandalism. The characteristics of the most damaged or completely destroyed architectural monuments of Mariupol are given. The paper emphasizes that the only cultural institution preserved in the city is the famous Mariupol Chamber Philharmonic, which has become a refuge for Mariupol residents thanks to the dedication and daily work of its director, Honored Artist of Ukraine, chief conductor of the Mariupol Municipal Chamber Orchestra «RENASSIN» Vasyl Kryachko. The autor indicates that restitution is the main means of compensation for damage caused to cultural heritage and cultural values as a result of violation of international norms during the armed conflict. The task of restitution is not just to return individual cultural values and compensate for the damage, but also restore the cultural objects as an integral cultural heritage of the nation and the state. The second form of restitution is related to the replacement of cultural values with similar objects lost as a result of hostilities. Thus, on March 21, 2022, the building of the Arkhip Kuindzhi Art Museum in Mariupol was destroyed by a direct hit from an air bomb of the Russian occupiers. The aggressor state is responsible for this. That is why the Russian Federation should hand over masterpieces similar to the lost ones from its collections to Ukraine and reimburse the cost of the destroyed museum premises or build a new one. The study makes it possible to conclude that restoration of cultural heritage and return of cultural values will become an important task of the state and society after the victory of Ukraine. Ukrainian cultural heritage is part of the world cultural heritage, therefore, all the states of the world have an obligation to preserve and return it. The facts and patterns revealed as a result of the research can become the basis for further study of the war crimes of the Russian army against the cultural heritage of Ukraine.
Inversion of «heavenly» and «earthly» in celebration practices of the european middle ages
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Petrova Irina
Published: March 2023

The article attempts to reveal the peculiarities of the formation and functioning of cultural practices of the Middle Ages in the dichotomous system of «heavenly» and «earthly»; to substantiate the prerequisites for the emergence of new forms of festive culture (religious and secular); their functional and content load. The basis of the scientific research methodology was the historical and cultural approach, which allowed, on the one hand, to take into account the specifics of this historical stage of human development, and, on the other hand, to trace the interdependence of social, political and ideological conditions with the festive culture. As a result, the author proves that medieval holidays depended on the natural and church calendars, which controlled and adjusted the cultural activities of society. In order to strengthen its ideological influence on public opinion, the church resorted to the direct prohibition of certain holidays; synthesis of Pre-Christian beliefs and theological dogmas; introduction of a new system of holidays. During the Middle Ages, a knightly culture was formed, saturated with multifaceted festive practices and a culture of entertainers; urban holidays were born and developed, the main consumer of which was the burgher with the corresponding lifestyle and system of behavior; the carnival and folk square holiday practices that combined the binary oppositions of medieval consciousness arose. Festive culture became a factor capable of synthesizing the medieval society into a single integrity. It solved a number of social tasks, among which the prioritized were the functions of competitiveness, entertainment, social solidarity and formation of public opinion. Religion, permeating all spheres of medieval society, was profaned in the need to express the Absolute and the Divine. Therefore, even church events (temple days, mysteries, sotie), gradually enriched with entertainment elements, were perceived as festive leisure. In the festive culture, full of emotional pleasure, positive energy and complimentary communication, a sense of one's own meaning and creative freedom, independent of conventional categories, was born.
Axiological Paradigm of Lyro-Epic Song: Ethical and Irrational
Authors:   Institute of Philology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Pavlova Alla
Published: March 2023

The love in the Ukrainian folk ballad is the center of the axiological model, associated with the concepts of “care”, “tenderness”, “warmth”, “joy” and so on. At the same time, this feeling often appears in antinomies, as it can become a powerful destructive force, shattering destinies and entire worlds. The aim of the work is to clarify the dialectic of ethical and irrational in Ukrainian ballads about love and premarital relationships, family life. Among the tasks: to trace the opposition structure of the concept of “love”; to find out the dialectic of the ethical and the irrational in the folk ballad. The vital meaning of the subject is characterized by certain conceptual features: the desire to achieve love, to have a loved one, to give happiness, to die for love, to fight with the world for their feelings, to know the essence of love, to expose indifference to recklessness. Carelessness as a human defect that causes tragedy appears in several realities of the song. Love in the dramatic boundaries of the work becomes not only the world but also the universe. With the death of a loved one does not come the death of love, because a stressful situation exacerbates these feelings, and partially manifests them in the human mind. Textual analysis of ballads reveals that often in life love is associated with a change of ideas, life meanings of the subject, a state of spiritual confusion. Love is distinguished by ambivalence: through suffering or hopelessness it turns into hatred. You can draw the same parallels by exploring the existence of love in folk ballads. The antinomy of the individual and the social in the studied lyrical songs is manifested at the level of a special human reality. Important concepts of “boon”, “care”, “mercy” are taken beyond positive emotional perception: the power of love becomes another force. On the example of such ballads we can trace the realization of educational and psychological functions: to encourage rethinking of the act, to teach a person to love the world and other people with true love, to help in spiritual growth. The ambivalence of love is manifested even at the level of poetic structuring of the text. Even this oppositional structure of the concept of «love», represented in the ballad, confirms the indirect discursive orientation of folklore on the model of the anthropological model, which is structured according to the system of values of the Ukrainian ethnic group. The essential assessment of an event or character of a folklore work, presented at the level of recognition – denial, contributes to the assertion of axiological constants: love in harmony, spiritual unity, mutual aid, tenderness and care as a synthesis of ethical and rational, goodness and beauty can bring this feeling to the horizon of majesty and eternity. Thus, in a folk ballad, the folklore image of a loved one is revealed at the level of cognitive activity of the society and the whole ethnic group.
Transformation of Modern Ukrainian Literary Language in the Aspect of the Preposition System
Authors:   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Alekseienko Natalia
Published: March 2023

The article investigates the peculiarities of the prepositions use in the works of Ukrainian poets in the 20-60s of the XIX century. The language of works of different periods has its peculiarities, which are objectively due to various factors, including historical events, the influence of foreign culture, the state of the literary process in the country, literature traditions and so on. Literature texts provide an opportunity to trace how prepositions functioned in the poetry of the XIX century and compare with modern trends, to identify similarities and differences of grammatical and semantic meanings. The texts by Levko Borovikovsky, Opanas Shpyhovsky, Ambrose Metlynsky, Mykola Kostomarov, Oleksandr Afanasyev-Chuzhbynsky, Viktor Zabila, Mykhailo Petrenko, and Oleksandr Korsun were selected for analysis. The purpose of the research is to identify the peculiarities of the use of prepositions in the poetic language of this period. A selection of examples of the prepositions use from the works of Ukrainian poets allows us to trace the dynamics of their use. The study identified the most commonly used prepositions and traced the functions and features of grammatical connections on the example of individual units. The use of archaic prepositions (к, об, од) is recorded. The construction of the dative case of a noun with the preposition “к” was widely used in ancient Ukrainian dialects. In modern literary language, this preposition is preserved in phraseology. Instead, the construction with the preposition “до” and the noun in the genitive case is actively used. Differences in the use of prepositions in the analyzed texts and modern language are revealed. The preposition “об” is now more actively used to denote temporal relations rather than object relations, although in the past it represented object relations quite widely. The use of parallel constructions (к – до, край – під – у, поміж – помеж), phonetic variants of prepositions (з – із – зо – ізо), prepositions that are stylistic synonyms (повз, поуз, проз) is traced. The revealed changes of grammatical and semantic meanings of prepositions, displacement of archaic constructions testify to the processes of language transformation and its constant development.
Syntactic Tools of Expressivization in the Ukrainian Studies: Status, Dynamics
Authors:   Institute of Philology, Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Vintoniv Mykhailo , Vintoniv Tetiana ,   Institute of Philology, Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University
Published: March 2023

A number of scientific studies, representing different approaches to the study of the latest trends in language, which are associated with processes of globalization in society, have been performed in linguistics today. The term “democratization” is used to denote one of the leading factors in the history of language development, which influenced on its stability and caused various changes in it, which often coincide with the social and historical processes in the state. The democratization of the language has led to the simplification and alignment of various forms in the language, the blurring of literary language norms and the boundaries between its functional styles, the shattering of established traditions. However, these processes are appropriate not only to the current state of the Ukrainian language, as the spoken part of the language influenced the formation and dynamics of the modern Ukrainian literary language during its long development. The renewal of the syntactic system of the modern Ukrainian language took place against the background of the penetration of spoken language samples into the belles-lettres style, and later – into other styles of language (publicistic, official style, scientific, etc.). The results of the study confirm that the means of expressive syntax generally update the syntactic system of the language. The tendency to language democratization (orientation of written standardized language to oral speech) and to its simplification is manifested not only in stylistic way, but also in structural one, i.e. in changing of the syntactic structure of the sentence. Conversational constructions are used to create emotionally expressive patterns, imagery and the text efficiency. The end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century marked by the dominance of postmodernism as an artistic style focused on the environment, the mainly unstructured world. The basis of the postmodern text is irony and play. The freedom one has with the latter, encourages the search of a new stylistic behavior, a new idiosyncrasy of the author, a deviation from the established syntax and usual ways of writing. The language play is not only the main feature of Ukrainian postmodernism, but also the basis of the literary text of postmodernism. Furthermore, at the beginning of the 21st century means of expressive syntax are used not only in artistic but also in publicistic styles. The most common syntactic means of saving the meaning in modern Ukrainian syntax are omission and substitution, elimination of sentence extenders, compression and reduction, heterogenuous coordination, syntactic merging, activation of phraseological sentences, intertextuality, increase in analytical units of syntax.
Exogenous Lexic as a Component of Clothing Names
Authors:   Mariupol State University, Gutnikowa Alla
Published: March 2023

The study is focused on peculiarities of formation in the spheres of German and Ukrainian clothes. The article comprises etymological analyses and also the analysis of dictionary definitions which allow to single out the ways of term-formation. The material of the research was Ukrainian and German explanatory and etymological dictionaries. The study of the concept and means of its linguistic representation is one of the important problems of modern linguistics. The paper considers the concept of CLOTHES in Ukrainian and German linguistic cultures to find out how these linguistic cultures relate to each other and to identify differences and similarities based on the studied concept. The lexical-semantic level is the most dynamic subsystem in the structure of language, because it is here that the changes taking place in the real world are directly reflected, due to the openness of the vocabulary of each language is always tuned to the emergence of innovation; there are real opportunities for constant replenishment, in particular, through borrowing. However, a comparative study of lexical items that denote clothing in German and Ukrainian has not yet been the subject of separate studies. The concept under analysis is a constituent of macroconcept PERSONS APPEARANCE and comprises some micro concepts the investigation of which provides a detailed analysis of words verbalising CLOTHES concept. The ways of replenishment of the lexical-semantic Micro-field “Clothes” in the languages compared are highlighted in the work. Elements of this lexical-semantic microfield are analysed from the point of view of the comparative aspect. The article tackles the semantics of borrowed nouns defining clothes in modern German and Ukrainian whose native speakers have a long-lasting historical and cultural experience of cross cultural communication. The article presents the analysis of this lexical layer to determine the borrowing prototype as well as the primary meaning. Special attention is paid to the combination of intra and extra linguistic features of the analyzed units functioning. This article reviews the relationship between native and foreign words of the semantic group “Clothes”, provides the grounds for the semantic transformations in this group, and gives comments to some vocabulary represented in the modern German and Ukrainian.
English Social Neologisms and Their Ways of Translation in Ukrainian
Authors:   Sumy State University, Zhurbenko Kateryna , Kobyakova Iryna ,   Sumy State University
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the concept of neologism and the functioning of neologisms in the media space. As at the beginning of the 21st century, human psychology began to be studied more deeply and rapidly, and therefore, especially in English-speaking countries, new terms, words and phrases of the social direction began to appear. Among these new terms a separate group can be distinguished. They denote the characteristics of people as an individual, such as the types of sexual orientation of a person. And while in English-speaking communities the question of acceptance of new terms is being solved, the question of translation of these words arises before us. The article introduces the concept of social neologism, its essence, which is a new word that defines human peculiarities, their affiliation with certain groups of people that are connected by one or more common characteristics. In the article the ways of translation of neologisms, covered ways of transferring social neologisms into the Ukrainian language are mentioned as well. During the research, theoretical materials about neologisms were considered, and based on them, the ways of the most expedient translation of neologisms were outlined. It has been found that there is no single correct way to convey the full meaning of all the neologisms taken into consideration, and in some cases it is advisable to use a descriptive one. The article performs only educational goal and does not have a purpose of offending people or propagating something. The material of the article concerns with ways of transmitting names of different, new appeared sexual and romantic orientations, or labels, in the Ukrainian language. The material also includes ways of translation of different types of discrimination. It was discovered that the best ways to translate notions of discriminations type are transcription and transliteration. The method of transcription can be used for most of the notions, while the method of transliteration for fewer, which cannot be fully understood by the Ukrainian people. The method of calque, or loan translation, was discovered to be best suitable for the translation of notions that define sexual orientation. It was defined that calque consists in the borrowing from another language and transmitting words with the means of another. Such method implies the use of feminitives in the Ukrainian language, a feature that is absent in the English language, as the Ukrainian language has a category of gender (masculine, feminine and neuter). It was concluded that the subject of the scientific work is of great importance, as it deals with the human nature and their roles in society, and encourages other scientists to do further researches.
Genological Narrative Models in Paul Verlaine’s Prose Poems
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Bigun Olga
Published: March 2023

The aim of the article is to study the specific features of the narration in Paul Verlaine’s prose poems. Historical and genetic origins of prose poems were analyzed. We observed that poems in prose became extremely popular at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries, meeting the demands of modernism regarding the change of the aesthetic canons through the renewal of artistic systems and types of narration. The prose poems sketches are characteristic of subtlety in reproducing the personal experience, in subtle play of the colours and chiaroscuro which create impressions, moods and association. The exterior details, landscapes, nature become the means of conveying ambivalent emotional process. The research describes, analyzes and generalizes the narrative models of the prose poems by Paul Verlaine, on the material of his “Mémoires d’un veuf” (“The Memoirs by a Widower”). Research methodology is based on integrated use of systematic, philosophical aesthetic approaches; cultural-historical, contextual, biographic methods; theoretical studies carried out with narrative typologies and methodological analysis of the main narrative strategies as important components of the artistic storytelling in the text. We define narration as the system of principles of constitution of the text at the deep level of its formation in complete agreement with the nature of the narration featuring the following components: specific traits of the organization of the chain of episodes; way of presentation of the writer’s theme; presentation order of events; focalization as a condition node, that affects the perception and reproduction of events; presentation type of statements and opinions of characters in the text. The basis of the model division of narration types in prose poems is the syncretic nature of the genre, which involves interpenetration of epic and lyrical principles, «superimposement» of some modifications. Depending on the dominance of certain genealogical elements and stylistic dominating idea of the work, the contexture of the narration is prevailed by epic-realistic or lyrical-impressionistic components. It has been found that according to the plot-compositional structure, the works of the epic-realistic block are divided into two categories: the first category has the dominance of the linear principle, the second – of the fragmentary construction principle with the strengthening of aestheticization and intellectualization. The works of the lyrical-impressionistic model contain an internal psychologized plot, attention to feelings and changes in emotional state, stylistic syncretism, an appeal to «eternal themes». The position of the lyrical hero, personal authorial experience, is closely connected with lyrical semantics.
Translation and Localization Features of English Video Games (Based on the Subnautica Franchise)
Authors:   Sumy State University, Krasulia Alla , Kravchenko Vladyslav ,   Sumy State University
Published: March 2023

Video games are continuously growing in popularity with every year. As the video game market is growing, more games get localized into other languages including Ukrainian. There is still not enough research on translation aspects of video game localization although translation scholars and localization experts have created a solid theoretical framework for such studies. The article deals with the translation and localization features of English video games. It is important to differentiate between translation and localization. The former refers to the entire process of adapting digital products for new markets including technical, business and cultural issues. The latter is an inherent part of localization but it only involves linguistic issues. It was revealed that the main features of video game discourse are interactivity and multimodality, i.e. the application of multiple semiotic systems within one medium. They both influence the types of text in video games, thus being important aspects for localization. It is established that the main purpose of video game discourse is to engage the player. It was pointed out that in-game texts are the main assets for localization. They are divided into a user interface, narrative and descriptive passages and dialogues. Each of them serves a different communicative function. Based on the survival action-adventure video game series Subnautica, the most common translation difficulties were established. One of them is the translation of non-equivalent lexical units that are mostly presented by names of fictional animals, plants and technology. The analysis of chosen translation strategies showed that the most efficient way of dealing is realizing the motivation behind their naming and creating an equivalent that would not contradict their depiction in the game. It was stated that pragmatic translation difficulties concern creating the same communicative effect as in the original. To deal with them, the translation should have a deep understanding of video game mechanics. Stylistic translation difficulties in video games are similar to those in fiction. They concern the rendition of different registers and stylistic devices in the target language. Technical translation difficulties were described as a special type inherent to video game localization. They might be caused by character limits and variables. To solve them, the translator often resorts to compression, omission and the complete restructuring of a sentence. Thus, video game localization is a complex type of translation that shares similar features with software localization, literary and audiovisual translation. Video game localizers often employ creative transformation to deal with technological limitations. Translators in this field should be aware of all types of in-game texts and their function to correctly render them in the target language.
Stylistic Role of Deminutive Vocabulary in the Work of D. Hnatko “The Impious Soul”
Authors:   Sumy State University, Kulishenko Lyudmila , Bidenko Larysa ,   Sumy State University
Published: March 2023

The article examines the diminutive vocabulary of the modern women’s novel “The Impious Soul” by D. Hnatko. The stylistic role of diminutives is considered, their lexical and semantic groups, morphological affiliation, as well as the most productive ways of creation are determined. It has been found that diminutives add lyricism to the narrative, set the reader up for sincerity, and enhance the emotionality of the narrative. Among the units of linguistics that reveal the mental characteristics of Ukrainians, diminutives are also mentioned, because their use is a reproduction of one of the character traits of Ukrainians – emotionality. The author’s positive attitude to certain characters is reflected in speech by the use of diminutive vocabulary – derived nouns, adjectives, adverbs which express the meaning of diminutiveness and affection. There are 9 lexical-semantic groups of nouns with the meaning of diminutiveness in the work. They are different in meaning, but play one role – show the author’s positive attitude towards the characters and bring the style of the story closer to folk creation. The use of adjectives actualizes the reader’s attention to the peculiarities of the shape and size of the object; colour characteristics of the object, which allow to achieve accuracy, rich in the reproduction of artistic details. In general, adjective-diminutives play the role of epithets, which are used with nouns. The use of such adjectives gives the story emotionality, friendliness, positivity. With their help the author expresses sympathy and condolence to the characters of the story. The research allowed to reveal the use of emotionally coloured adverbs in the novel, which give the depicted situation additional meaning of kindness, affection, joy or dissatisfaction. It seems important to identify the most productive way of creating diminutives. As the examples show, this method is a suffixation. The most used suffix in the text is -onk- / -enk-. As we can see, this suffix mainly joins the basis of feminine nouns, and also functions in stems of qualitative adjectives and circumstantial adverbs. The analysis of the diminutives in the historical novel “The Impious Soul” by D. Hnatko has led to the following conclusions: - the writer often uses diminutives because they help to express her positive attitude, sympathy for the characters of the story and depicted objects; - the use of diminutives contributes to the emotionality of the work, as the main storyline is the image of a difficult female fate.
The Means of Language Objectivation of the Controlling Strategy of English Fitness Discourse
Authors:   Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University, Medvedska Iryna , Vienievtseva Yevheniia ,   Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University
Published: March 2023

The intensification of globalization inevitably leads to the change of people’s values, the emerging of new social institutions, and, as a consequence, new institutional discourses. Thus, the dominating values of the ХХth and ХХІst centuries are strong health and good looks, which are embodied in the notion “healthism” – the high level of medical (physiological and nutritional) awareness. The popularization of healthy lifestyle and a beautiful body, as well as the promotion of fitness clubs resulted in the appearance of such a type of a discourse as fitness discourse, which we define as a variety of sports discourse that comes as a unique independent cognitive-communicative phenomenon, a relatively soft and flexible type of institutional communication which at the same time possesses the features of individual-oriented communication. It is a generally acknowledged fact that any discourse has its communicative tasks and aims, realizes basic needs and values of its participants, hence, it is based on a standard set of strategically oriented utterances. Discourse of fitness classes is not an exception. The article deals with the language means which realize the informative-teaching strategy within the framework of English fitness discourse that can be defined as an independent social practice that reflects certain mental and verbal characteristics of speakers and realises the communicative intentions of individuals aimed at satisfying diverse lower and higher needs. Basing on the research of the contextual semantics of the typical language units set, characteristic of a specific communicative tactics of English fitness discourse, as well as using the systemic-functional and stylistic methods along with semantic-syntactical analysis, we identified the textual implications and connotations of certain verbal units, that possess the potential to influence the addressee of English fitness discourse. The research resulted in singling out the following communicative tactics of the controlling strategy: the tactics of monitoring, check-back, reminding, approval / disapproval, which realize the main communicative intention that is to control the correctness of performing the workout techniques, as well as eliminating the available mistakes during fitness lessons and to ensure the result of workouts. The control strategy alongside with the means of its implementation is considered to be one of the dominant ones in the discourse of physical activities and is aimed at ensuring the effectiveness of the instructor and the clients during the physical activities. The results of the research can be used to study and strengthen the communicative strategies and tactics of other discourses.
Terekhiv Sub-Dialect in the Context of the Dialect Continuum of the Ukrainian Language
Authors:   Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Rusachenko Natalia , Sokolovska Tetyana ,   Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University
Published: March 2023

In the article, on the basis of linguistic analysis, the dialect features of the Terekhiv sub-dialect of the Polissya dialect of the Ukrainian language are investigated, which is due to the actualization of the study of separate microareals of the dialect space. Today, dialectical discourse is perceived not as a deviation from the literary norm, but as another, equal form of the national language with significant linguistic and communicative potential. Polissya is characterized by a diverse ethnic composition, which makes this region, an area of multilateral intensive ethnic contacts, and creates the preconditions for the study of interlingual and interdialectal interactions. The source of the study is the actual material collected in 4 localities: Terekhivtsi, Malynivtsi, Tovstolis, Stasy. The main geohistorical data of the villages subordinated to the Terekhiv rural community are established, which explain the peculiarities of the formation of vocal and consonant systems of speech, word-changing paradigms. It was found that the speech of dialect speakers was formed under the influence of the languages of countries that played a significant role in the history of Chernihiv: the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Russia, Belarus. Phonetic and morphological features of speech as a separate microareal of dialect space are revealed and characterized. Dialectal differences proved to be multifaceted, both in their meaning and in their functional yield. At the level of vocalism and consonantism, the most notable phenomena are “akanya” (karomyslo, ad'in, stayat); “dzekannya” (dz'akuvalá, dzadz'ko) the presence of the diphthong ie (d'evchini, b'iel'en'k'iy, hm'iel'u); crossing of sound fields / i / and / y / (vkral'i, sakol'ik, z'imu); preservation of the relic of ancient softness [h'] (chi, khoch', vódoch'k'i); getting harder [ts′] (khlóptsy, vyétsa, zhýrytsa). Among the mophological features the most characteristic are the ancient ending -e and the absence of elongation in the nouns of the second declension of the middle gender (káhane, plákan’e), short forms of masculine adjectives in N. v. (sl’ip, smut’ón, ves’ól), unstressed forms of adjectives of the middle gender (saldatskóye, bahátoye), forms of the past tense (býla z vám’i s’edalá). It has been established that the Terekhiv sub-dialect has many dialectal features that are common of the transitional dialects of the Ukrainian language Polissya dialect. Significantly expressed is the influence of the Belarusian and Russian languages. In addition, the sub-dialects of this region, like most sub-dialects of the Polissya area, retain a number of archaic features.