bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alternatif penggunaan gula palem sebagai pengganti gula pasir dalam pembuatan sponge cake kukus
Authors: Astini Ni Luh Yuli
Published: December 2022

Selama ini gula palem banyak digunakan dalam pembuatan minuman atau taburan di atas makanan. Namun masih sedikit penelitian yang menggunakan gula palem pada pembuatan sponge cake. Penggunaan gula palem dalam proses pembuatan sponge cake dapat berperan sebagai bahan pemanis alami, gula palem juga memiliki kelebihan lain yaitu selain bertindak sebagai bahan pemanis alami, namun gula palem juga dapat bertindak sebagai pewarna dan memiliki aroma yang khas dan mudah larut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tekstur, rasa, aroma, sponge cake kukus jika menggunakan gula palem, untuk mengetahui biaya produksi pembuatan sponge cake kukus menggunakan gula palem, untuk mengetahui minat konsumen terhadap sponge cake kukus menggunakan gula palem, dan untuk mengetahui daya tahan sponge cake kukus gula palem. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, instrument tes, tes uji organolept ik (kuisioner), dan tes uji pasar (kuisioner). Berdasarkan dari hasil dan pembahasan, didapatkan simpulan bahwa (1) Kualitas Sponge Cake Gula Palem Kukus mendapat hasil dengan indikator rasa dengan katagori (Sangat Enak), indikator tekstur (Sangat Lembut), indikator aroma (Sangat Sedap) dan indikator warna (Sangat Menarik). Sedangkan uji daya tahan atau masa kadaluarsa pada produk Sponge Cake Gula Palem Kukus dapat disimpulkan bahwa Sponge Cake Gula Palem Kukus hanya mampu bertahan selama 72 jam atau 3 hari pada suhu ruang sebelum kualitas Sponge Cake Gula Palem Kukus menurun atau tidak bisa dikonsumsi. (2) Biaya yang dibutuhka n dalam pembuatan Sponge Cake Gula Palem Kukus berdasarkan perhitungan 1 resep yang digunakan dari penelitian yang di hitung dari fix cost dan variable cost sebesar Rp. 33.920,- dengan harga perslice Rp. 1.696,-. (3) Berdasarkan hasil persentase minat konsumen terhadap Sponge Cake Gula Palem Kukus sebesar 86% atau 26 panelis merespon berminat untuk membeli Sponge Cake Gula Palem Kukus.
Development of Meme Learning Media with PMRI to Implement Mathematics Literacy in Students Elementary School
Authors: Wathani Diki Hasrul , Irawati Riana , Iswara Prana Dwija
Published: December 2022

Low mathematical literacy is one of the causes of the lack of interest and motivation in learners. Mathematical literacy and realistic mathematical approaches have relevant characteristics. This research aims to develop memes as learning media with a realistic mathematical approach to develop mathematical literacy in elementary school students. The research consists of several steps, which are: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The methods used are descriptive, evaluative, and experimental with a pre-experimental design. The instruments used were expert validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires, teacher observation sheets, and evaluation assessments. The results obtained from material experts were 79% and 78% from media expert, both in the appropriate category. Assessments of mathematical content obtained the validation results from the material experts and media experts with scores of 79% and 78%; both belong to the decent category. In large-scale trials, the results of the student response questionnaire after learning obtained a score of 73% while the evaluation results obtained a score of 60%. The students' evaluation scores are evenly distributed from the lower limit of 25 to the upper limit of 95. Based on the results, it can be concluded that meme teaching media with a realistic mathematical approach develop students’ mathematical literacy even though it is not a high level.
Mathematical Modeling Learning Design with PISA Framework on Grade X Function
Authors: Saputri Nety Wahyu , Zulkardi Zulkardi , Darmawijoyo Darmawijoyo
Published: December 2022

Mathematical Modeling is the cornerstone and central aspect of the PISA framework. However, students still encounter difficulties in dealing with problems related to mathematical modeling. This study aims to produce a learning trajectory of mathematical modeling on functions material using the context of an online taxibike. Mathematical modeling activities on functions material are designed using the mathematical modeling cycle in the PISA framework. The subjects in this study were students of class X Bina Ilmi IT Senior High School Palembang. The research method used is validation studies. The research consisted of three stages, namely the preparation stage, the experimental design stage consisting of two cycles (cycle I: pilot experiment and cycle II: teaching experiment) and the retrospective analysis stage. Data was collected through observation, interviews and written test (students' work on the activity sheet and the results of pre-test and post-test). The results showed that learning activities that have been designed can assist students in solving mathematical modeling problems on functions. It begins with the formulate, employed, interprete/evaluate process. Through these mathematical modeling processes, students have a better understanding of functions and become accustomed to using mathematical modeling processes in solving contextual problems related to function material.
Treating Bilateral Cornual Tubal Block by Ayurvedic Medications: A Case Study
Authors: Gambhire-Bhadugale Dr Harsha , Tekawade Dr U.V. , Herlekar Dr Suhas
Published: December 2022

Tubal diseases accounts for 25%–35% of infertility in women. The line of treatment for it is tubal cannulation and microsurgical reconstruction. Moreover, In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is suggested to patients post tubal microsurgery. These treatments have low success rate but have high costs. Hence, it is important to look for alternative therapies which are safe and cost-effective. From an Ayurvedic perspective, tubal blockage can be considered as Sangha Srotodushti of Artavabeejvaha srotas due to vitiated Tridosha. This is a case report of a female patient with a Bilateral cornual tubal block with a history of infertility. Due to Kapha -Vata dosha, 5ml Kshartail Uttarbasti was planned for 2 days for 3 consecutive menstrual cycles to remove obstruction produced in the tube. Due to Vyavayi (spreading fast throughout the body), Vikasi (distribution throughout the body without routine digestive process), and Sukshma (minute) properties of Kshartail, it spreads quickly into minute pores of the tube. Due to its Ushna (hot), Tikshna (penetrates deep tissue), Chedan (punctures tissue), and Bhedan (break down of particles) properties it scrapes the obstructing substance and removes fibrosed and damaged endometrial lining of the tube & uterus. Due to its Avakashkara (produces space), Srotoshodhak (purification of srotas) Ropan (wound healing), and disinfectant properties, it promotes the rejuvenation of tissue and improves the conductive functions of tubes and its Snigdha (oily), Ushna (hot) properties neutralises vitiated Vata dosha. After removal of the tubal block, the patient gets conceived naturally within 4 months and delivers a healthy baby. The result suggests that Uttarbasti is a highly effective, safe, low-cost Ayurvedic treatment without apparent complications.
Comparative Quality Evaluation of Different Brands of Albendazole Tablets Marketed in India
Authors: Kumar Kumawat Mukesh , Ajmal Gufran , Jindal Heena
Published: December 2022

Anthelmintic drugs are primarily used to treat parasitic infections. More than 1.5 billion individuals, or 24% of the world's population, were estimated to be infected by soil-transmitted helminths. Pharmaceuticals are essential for preserving human health and fostering happiness. However, it is vital to determine the drug's safety, efficacy, and quality to provide the intended pharmacological effect. The drugs must have the necessary physical properties and the correct quantity of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) to be effective. The quality of various brands of albendazole tablets sold in India was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively in this study. The current study aims to investigate the physicochemical comparability of three different brands of albendazole containing tablets obtained from several retail pharmacies in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. The Indian Pharmacopeia standards were used as a control to evaluate the identity and content of the API in the tablets. The tablet’s uniformity of weight, friability, hardness, thickness, rate of dissolution, and content analysis were assessed using an assay. Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UVS) was used to identify and evaluate Indian Pharmacopoeial standards. All in vitro evaluation tests showed that all three tablet brands complied with the Indian Pharmacopoeial standards. The quantity of albendazole released from the various brands did not differ noticeably. These findings showed that the tablets of albendazole sold in retail stores in Agra are produced and marketed by Indian firms that have received WHO-GMP certification. On the bioequivalence of these tablets, more research is suggested. Keywords: Albendazole Tablet, Indian Pharmacopoeia, WHO-GMP, Physicochemical Equivalence, In-Vitro Evaluation
Estimating the effect of higher education on abortion
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (NRU HSE), Moscow, Russian Federation, Dolgikh Sofiia , Potanin Bogdan ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics (NRU HSE), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

We estimate the effect of higher education on abortion probability in Russia via hierarchical (recursive) probit model with nonrandom selection. To check the robustness of the results modifications of this model accounting for heteroscedasticity and non‐normality of random errors are also applied. We have found statistical evidence that higher education decrease abortion probability. Furthermore, the results of the analysis suggest that there is nonrandom selection into pregnant women and without accounting for it the effect of higher education may be underestimated.
Forecasting oil prices with penalized regressions, variance risk premia and Google data
Authors:   ICEF‐HSE university, Moscow, Lycheva Maria , Mironenkov Alexey ,   Moscow School of Economics, Moscow State University, Kurbatskii Alexey ,   Moscow School of Economics, Moscow State University, Fantazzini Dean ,   Moscow School of Economics, Moscow State University
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates whether augmenting models with the variance risk premium (VRP) and Google search data improves the quality of the forecasts for real oil prices. We considered a time sample of monthly data from 2007 to 2019 that includes several episodes of high volatility in the oil market. Our evidence shows that penalized regressions provided the best forecasting performances across most of the forecasting horizons. Moreover, we found that models using the VRP as an additional predictor performed best for forecasts up to 6–12 months ahead forecasts, while models using Google data as an additional predictor performed better for longer‐term forecasts up to 12–24 months ahead. However, we found that the differences in forecasting performances were not statistically different for most models, and only the Principal Component Regression (PCR) and the Partial least squares (PLS) regression were consistently excluded from the set of best forecasting models. These results also held after a set of robustness checks that considered model specifications using a wider set of influential variables, a Hierarchical Vector Auto‐Regression model estimated with the LASSO, and a set of forecasting models using a simplified specification for Google Trends data.
The impact of foreign trade shocks on well-being of Russian households: Microsimulation approach
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Denisova Irina ,   New Economic School, Moscow, Russian Federation, Varioshkin Nikita ,   New Economic School, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

In recent years, there have been significant fluctuations in world prices for essential goods, many of which have a significant share in the consumption basket of households. In this study, we analyze how fluctuations in world wheat prices affect the well‐being of Russian households. We provide estimates of average welfare losses and of welfare losses in different parts of welfare distribution. We also identify which socio‐demographic groups bear the brunt of such price shocks. For evaluation, a micro‐ simulation approach to model the expenditure part of household budgets is used. The empirical basis is the data of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) for 2020. When modeling a 50% rise in prices for bread, flour and pasta, the average losses amounted to 2.9% of total household expenditures, the largest losses, 5.5% of total expenditures, fall on households in the first decile. Those living in rural areas or urban‐type settlements, as well as households headed by a female pensioner, suffer losses at the level of 3% of total household expenses. Families with children are not among the most vulnerable groups with rising prices for bread, flour and pasta.
How costly is exporting? An empirical assessment of trade model with heterogeneous firms
Authors:   New Economic School (NES), Moscow, Golovan Sergei , Volchkova Natalya ,   New Economic School (NES); Russian Foreign Trade Academy (RFTA), Moscow
Published: December 2022

Foreign market access cost, explored by Melitz (2003) in the heterogeneous firm model of international trade, is one of the essential assumptions that ensure a nice fit of model results to stylized facts. Selection of more productive firms into exporters is guaranteed by the ex‐ cess of export fixed costs, adjusted for variable trade costs, over fixed costs of production. While there is empirical evidence on export cost structure at the level of firms, there has been no evaluation of the overall size of these costs. This paper aims at filling the gap. First, the model of Melitz (2003) is extended to allow asymmetries between trading countries. Then, the parametric relation between aggregated economic parameters is derived, which allows estimating the ratio of fixed costs. Then the relation is estimated empirically for the universe of Russian firms from 2014 to 2019, and results indicate that the foreign market access costs are comparable to the fixed cost of production in this setting. These findings provide evidence of the empirical relevance of the partitioning condition.
Repetir, repetir – até ficar diferente: cartografia de um cuidado
Authors: OLIVEIRA I. L. , SAMPAIO J. , FERREIRA T. P. S. , GOMES Luciano Bezerra , ARAUJO J. R. M.
Published: December 2022

This article is the product of a research on mental health care in a Family Health Integrated Unit (USF) in the city of João Pessoa-PB. It occurred in the second half of 2015 and used cartography as a device for tracking events, affections and encounters serving as analyzers for the production of this care. Its micronarratives were produced by individual consultations, team meetings and home visits, which were debated on collective discussions and registered in a field diary. Its synthesis is given here, in a Narrative in Four Acts of a Care Occurrence produced, meant and captured by all those involved in the research. It is discussed, through it, the potential of Primary Care in Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS) and the still persistent misconceptions of the centrality of psychiatric knowledge-power in the reproduction of madhouse practices. It is concluded that immersion in an affective-existential territory expands and enriches both the production of care and health research.
Intervenções riso-clínicas: entre palhaços e trabalhadores na educação permanente em saúde mental
Authors: BARBOZA R. P. , PALOMBINI A. L.
Published: December 2022

This article is a report of the research developed by the first author in her master degree in social and institutional psychology, having as its theme the researcher’s meetings as clown and as psychologist with the workers in the spaces of permanent education practices in mental health. Such meetings take place from the interventions of the clown Dulcinóia, embodied in the researcher through the mask of the red nose, both at the permanent education practices in mental health and in the exercise of the research. These interventions were termed laugh-clinic interventions. Thus, the relationships of clown techniques with mental health from the lived experiences and possible inventions on different ways of working and caring in this context are discussed. The experiences are narrated and developed from the methodology of the essay on the lived scenes. As a conclusion, we highlight the importante of clown´s figure presence and sign of humor as producers of possible transformations and extention of the look on mental health work.
Psicanálise e linguística: intersecções e cortes
Authors: BUENO M. L. S. , KESSLER Carlos Henrique , WIECZOREK R. T.
Published: December 2022

This work was created as part of the studies of a research entitled “The clinical research in transference”. In this article, we reexamine some of linguistics concepts such as language, tongue, discourse, linguistic sign, significant, among others, and its articulations with de lacanian field in special the the significant logic. We will analyze linguistics references in Saussure, Jakobson and Benvenist’s works, beyond Lacan’texts and contemporaneous readings about the issue aiming to show some matters from the lacanian trajectory since the linguistic influence, but also considering their unique way of apprehending and using such knowledge. We will also present some comments on discordant elements between these two disciplines, which, throughout his teaching, led Lacan to a conceptual separation from linguistics. Such distancing was justified by the idea that psychoanalysis deals with the subject of the unconscious and what lies outside of language, differently from the linguistic that demonstrates the communicative and expressive functions of the language in the conscious mind.
Sistem Informasi Administrasi Pengajuan Surat Pengantar Pada Kelurahan Meruya Utara
Authors: Rahman Aldi , Oktavia Fani Putri , Fauziah Syifa , Salamah Umniy
Published: December 2022

Pelayanan di kelurahan umunya merupakan pembuatan surat pengantar yang juga dikelola oleh pihak Ketua RT dan RW dengan surat pengantar RT/RW. Surat pengantar merupakan persyaratan utama untuk proses administrasi kependudukan lainnya yang dibutuhkan masyarakat. Pembuatan surat pengantar tentunya harus terlayani dengan baik agar meningkatkan kepercayaan pada masyarakat dan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan pada kelurahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu menghasilkan sistem pengajuan pembuatan surat pengantar RT/RW dan kelurahan berbasis website yang dapat di akses dimana saja dan kapan saja. Sistem ini mengelola data-data dan pembuatan pengajuan surat pengantar pada kelurahan Meruya Utara untuk Staf Kelurahan dan RT/RW. Pada penelitian ini, pengembangan sistem informasi ini menggunakan metode Waterfall. Penelitian diawali dengan melakukan observasi pada kelurahan Meruya Utara, melakukan wawancara dengan pihak Kelurahan Meruya Utara, menganalisa data, lalu merancang dan membuat sistem usulan serta melakukan pengujian pada sistem. Sistem yang dikembangkan dapat menjadi solusi atas pemberkasan yang masih dilakukan secara manual dengan menjadikannya terkomputerisasi sehingga dapat mengurangi penumpukan berkas yang ada di Kelurahan Meruya Utara.
Literary Process in Russia of the 18th–19th Centuries. Secular and Spiritual Literature. Issue 3
Authors: Andreeva Valeria G. ,   А.М. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2022

The work presents studies of the creative heritage of Russian writers and public figures of the 18th–19th centuries. The authors of the articles examine the final stage of Markell Radyshevsky’s work, the reader’s receptions of N.V. Gogol’s novel “Taras Bulba,” as well as the writer’s polemic with the religious-renovationist ideas of the German romantics. The collection includes academic publications of the correspondence between the hierarchs of the Russian Orthodox Church of the synodal period, letters of the Sisters of Mercy Community of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross during the Crimean War, and the Moscow merchant Pyotr Porokhovshchikov’s autobiographical notes. The authors of the work are reflecting upon the role of the Monk Paisius Velichkovsky in preserving the Orthodox spiritual traditions, consider the images of Russian sovereigns in the works of Kokhanovskaya (N.S. Sokhanskaya), the concept of the theocentric work conceived by I.A. Goncharov in “Pallada Frigate,” roll calls in the fates of L.N. Tolstoy and Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin). Much attention is paid to the idea of St. Theophan on compiling the Gospel story and highlighting the principles of his work, analyzing the story of I.G. Shadrin “Bursa” as a fictionalized evidence of the life of the theological seminary, as well as a study of the relationship between visual and literary texts based on plots associated with the painting by A.P. Ryabushkin.
“And Now the Sky is New…”: The Triumph of Orthodoxy in the Markel Radyshevsky’s Sermons of 1741–1742
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasheninnikova Olga A.
Published: December 2022

The article examines the last stage of Markel Radyshevsky’s work, who was the outstanding church publicist, writer and preacher of the first third of the 18th century. The former archimandrite of the Novgorod Yuriev Monastery has been mistreated in 1731 for his works criticizing the Spiritual Regulations, the church policy of the Holy Synod and the Lutheran orientation of Feofan Prokopovich’s works. Empress Elizabeth Petrovna after her accession released Radyshevsky under an amnesty and elevated him to the rank of Bishop of Karelia and Ladoga. During this period he prayed Empress Elizabeth Petrovna as the defender of the Russian nation and the support of the Orthodox faith in Russia in his solemn sermons. Her main merit was the liberation of the people from foreign customs imposed on them during the years of German domination, the fight against church heretics, the return to the customs and foundations of traditional Orthodox piety, such as the veneration of icons and relics, and fasting. Radyshevsky compared Russia of the beginning of 1740s with the era of the Triumph of Orthodoxy in Byzantium in the mid-9th century, after the period of iconoclastic persecution. The article analyzes three Radyshevsky’s Sermons of the 1740s, that have come down to us in rare lifetime editions. The author selected two most important sermons for the publication. They give a vivid idea of the unprecedented spiritual ascent after the accession of the Empress Elizabeth Petrovna.
Letters of the Orthodox Hierarch to St. Gavriil (Gorodkov): Teachers — Students — Fellow Students
Authors:   The National Library of Russia, Bogdanova Tatiana A.
Published: December 2022

The correspondence between the hierarchs of the Russian Orthodox Church during the synodal period forms an extensive collection of various information valuable both for historians and for philologists, as well as for linguists, sociologists and ordinary readers. The letters change our ideas about the role of the clergy and learned monasticism in Russian statehood, society, culture, and break the stereotypes about this period in the history of the Russian Church. Meanwhile, the epistolary heritage of clergy remains understudied and rarely introduced into scientific and reader circulation. The author of the article has prepared for academic publication letters to St. Gavriil (Gorodkov) from inspectors of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy during his first year of study (1809‒1814), fellow students at the Academy, students of the Orel Theological Seminary (1817‒1818) during the years of St. Gabriel, as well as from other correspondents, namely Exarch of Georgia, Metropolitan of Kartalinsky and Kakheti Jonah (Vasilevsky), Archbishop Ambrose (Rozhdestvensky-Veshchezerov), Archbishop Athanasius (Protopopov), Metropolitan Gregory (Postnikov), Archbishop Kirill (Bogoslovsky-Platonov), Archbishop Venedikt (Grigorovich ), Bishop Jeremiah (Soloviev), Bishop Nikolai (Dobrokhotov), Archbishop Anthony (Amfiteatrov), Bishop Joseph (Velichkovsky), Bishop Jacob (Krotkov), Archpriest Jacob (Gladkov).
Exaltation of the Holy Cross Community during the Crimean War (1854–1856). Letters from Sisters of Mercy, Officials and other Persons Involved in It in the Fund of the Department of Manuscripts of the National Library of Russia
Authors: Zubkova Nina A. , Pavlova Evdokia S. ,   National Library of Russia, Sukhorukov Leonid N. ,   National Library of Russia
Published: December 2022

This publication contains letters from Sisters of Mercy of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross Community, as well as officials, curators and other persons related to the Community. Before entering the collections of the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library, these letters were part of the archive of the Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna’s Court Office. The bulk of the published documents are letters from M. Merkurova and E.A. Khitrovo: they constitute the first section of the publication. Among the recipients of M. Merkurova, in addition to the Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna, are people who were close to the Grand Duchess, namely N.K. Shibel, E.P. Euler, E.L. Shirman. Khitrovo’s letters are addressed to D.P. Khrushchev, to the court office, and to certain ladies (“Madame” and “Mademoiselle”), probably Elena Pavlovna’s confidants. The second section of the publication contains letters from officials involved in the activities of the community or who observed it at the request of Elena Pavlovna, i. e. D.P. Khrushchev, D.E. Osten-Sackena, M.M. Vielgorsky-Matyushkin, V.M. Knyazhevich. The third section (“Varia”) contains letters of feedback on the work of Sisters intended for publication, as well as letters from supporters, petitioners for help from sisters, announcements of awards, and other materials. The published letters help to reveal the details of the organization and life of the Sisters of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross community during the Crimean War.
The Images of Russian Sovereigns in the Work of Kokanovskaya (N.S. Sokhanskaya)
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fetisenko Olga L.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the work of Kokhanovskaya (N.S. Sokhanskaya), close to the Slavophile trend, and traces how throughout her literary path she turned to the theme of Russian history, always showing it through the prism of domestic and family history. The author highlights Kokhanovskaya’s special interest in the era of Catherine the Great, presented in her prose, primarily in the documentary chronicle “Starina”, i. e. “our Middle Ages”. The article examines in detail the only work where the empress is present not “behind the stage”, but as one of the characters, namely the story “Verbal Crumb of Bread” (1874) and indicates a number of parallels and obvious reminiscences, referring to the classic model, Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter”. In both works, the queen suddenly changes the fate of the main characters, being for them the personification of Providence.
“In a foreign Lands I’m Idly Living...” Count Alexei Tolstoy as a Descendant of Hetman Razumovsky
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vinogradov Igor’ A.
Published: December 2022

The article examines one of the sides of the political views of the Count A.K. Tolstoy in connection with the content of the book by V.A. Kotelnikov dedicated to the his life and work. Aleksey Tolstoy’s attitude to Russian statehood is compared with N.V. Gogol. The basis for comparison is not only the fact that the writers were contemporaries, but also the fact that both had representatives of the Cossack foremen in their family, i. e. Ukrainian hetmans. The aticle shows how a firm position on the issue of statehood determines the personal fate of a person on the example of two Russian writers — hetman’s descendants. It shows also the difference in approaches to the high patriotic service of Count Tolstoy, a friend of the Heir, a childhood friend of Emperor Alexander II, and Gogol, who became close in the 1830s with another friend of the Tsarevich, Count I.M. Vielgorsky, and then intended to take the place of an educator at the Court — under the son of the Heir, Grand Duke Nikolai Alexandrovich. The author of the article restores ideological and political context, which makes it possible to adequately assess Tolstoy’s well-known review of Gogol in a letter to his cousin L.M. Zhemchuzhnikov in 1852. The conclusion consists in the fact that the consistent position of the creator of “Taras Bulba” in relation to the historical future of Little Russia as part of a united Russia.
“The Notes of Different Years” of the Moscow Merchant Pyotr Porokhovshchikov: Publication of the Text
Authors:   National Library of Russia, Poliakov Ivan A. , Smirnova Maria A. ,   National Library of Russia
Published: December 2022

The publication is a commented edition of the Moscow merchants Porokhovshchikovs’ family chronicler, discovered in the collection of Rostov antiquarian Andrey Alexandrovich Titov (1844–1911) in the Manuscripts Department of the National Library of Russia. The handwritten Notes are located on the last pages of the historical miscellanea of the second half of the 18th century from the Porkhovschikovs’ book collection. Annual records were kept from 1753 to 1803 — first by Petr Isaevich (1722–1801), and then by his son Andrey Petrovich (1771–?) Porokhovshchikov. The Notes is a typical for the merchant class of the 18th–19th centuries autobiographical work containing extensive information about the relatives and in-laws of the author, as well as about important historical events and persons. The chronicle makes it possible not only to reconstruct the social circles of the Porohovshchikovs, but also provides valuable biographical information about the Moscow and Astrakhan merchants of the second half of the 18th – early 19th centuries. This publication continues the article published in the journal “Dva veka russkoi klassiki” (“Two Centuries of Russian Classics”) and contains the results of the study of the monument.
Around the Painting by A.P. Ryabushkin “The Toy Army of Peter I in a Tavern” (Based on the Materials of the I.F. Tyumenev’s Archive)
Authors:   The National Library of Russia, Mikhailova Elena A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2022

The article presents plots based on materials from the collections of the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library and related to the painting by A.P. Ryabushkin “Amusing Peter I in a Circle.” They provide additional information on the history of creation and understanding of the author’s intention of the painting, and also reveal some of the features of the artist’s creative process. The first plot is connected with a fragment of a letter from A.P. Ryabushkin to his close friend I.F. Tyumenev. The letter is considered in terms of revealing not only the content of the picture, but also its artistic concept through the parallel of fine and literary texts. The second part of the article publishes an epic created by Tyumenev as a literary illustration of one of the variants of Ryabushkin’s painting and recorded by him in the unpublished “My Autobiography.”
“Taras Bulba” and Russian History of the 19th–20th Centuries
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vinogradov Igor A.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the study of readers’ receptions of N.V. Gogol “Taras Bulba” in Russia. This work, imbued with a deep religious and patriotic intention, occupies such a significant place in Russian culture that the reviews of readers and critics, the assessments and interpretations of its researchers, dramatizations in the theater, opera and ballet, etc. allows to analyze not only history of the story’s existence, but also to trace the key moments of Russian life in the second half of the 19th–20th centuries. The interaction of the patriotic story’s spiritual lyricism with the contradictory socio-political processes of the era identifies the most significant features of the poetics of Gogol’s work. Enthusiastically received by contemporaries, including A.S. Pushkin, “Taras Bulba” was subsequently met with hostility from domestic liberalradical and Polish nationalist criticism. Continuing to be one of the favorite works of the domestic and foreign readers, the story after 1917 was removed from the Soviet school curriculum and again restored in rights only during the Great Patriotic War. The article presents a detailed analysis of the assessments and interpretations of “Taras Bulba” for more than a century and a half.
Soil Porosity Conditions in Flood-Prone Areas of the Prosperous Swamp of Bengkulu City Based on Geoelectrical Measurement
Authors: M. Tio Fajri , Yunita Astra , Bernaldi Rafli , Sugianto Nanang
Published: December 2022

Surface porosity conditions in part of flood-prone areas at Rawa Makmur Village have been mapped from the surface to a depth of 30 meters. The aims of this research are to identify the infiltration of soil which is described by variations in resistivity and rock porosity values. It is obtained from the 1D geoelectric method using Vertical Electrical Sounding and as many as 10 measurement points. According to analysis, it is explained that Rawa Makmur area has low porosity and resistivity values. The porosity conditions in the observation point area were in very bad conditions. The infiltration process is very slow, causing the accumulation of a large amount of water mass and a fairly high pool of water.  It also showed that the water flowing in this area was difficult to infiltrate, so it caused the Rawa Makmur area to become flooded when it rained.
The Identification of Earthquake Shake Levels in Palu City Based on Mw 6,8 Shakemap Scenario by Palu Koro Fault
Authors: Leopatty H. , Alam R. , Efendi Rustan , Asyhar L. F. , Cholidani M. , Mustarang A. , Feriansyah S.
Published: December 2022

Palu city is an active earthquake region, mainly sourced from the activity of the Palu Koro Fault. Referring to the Mw7.4 Central of Sulawesi earthquake on September 28th, 2018 with ground shaking intensity reached VII-IX MMI level in Palu. As a supporting data and preparation of an earthquake contingency plan document in Palu City, we proposed 3 sources of earthquake scenarios in the Palu Koro fault at a depth of 11 km, namely Mw6.8 in the Palu City Segment with coordinates 119.830 E – 0.800 S, Mw 6.9 in the Saluki segment with coordinates 120.010 E - 1,250 S and Mw 7.1 in the Makassar Strait segment with coordinates 119.750 E – 0.380 S. The worst-case scenario is that the Mw6.8 earthquake in Palu City can reach VI-VIII MMI.
Identification of Weak Zones in the Area of Sigi Regency Office Using Geoelectric Methods of Resistivity
Authors: Sandra Sandra , Sunaldi Sunaldi , Musa Mohammad Dahlan Th. , Abdullah Abdullah , Rusydi Muh. , Maskur Maskur
Published: December 2022

Research has been conducted with the title of identification of weak zones in the Sigi Regency office area using geoelectric methods of resistivity. The study aims to analyze the perlapission of subsurface rocks and determine the distribution of weak zones. The measurements were made on 15 track using the Wenner Configuration. The data obtained is calculated using Microsoft Excel and processed using the Res2Dinv 3.53 program that produce a cross-section of 2D resistivity. The results showed that the weak zone had resistance values of 20-180 Ωm which were suspected to be clay and sand. This weak zone is characterized by a low resistivity value and contrasting a large resistivity value compared to surrounding rocks. This weak zone is detected in almost all measurement trajectories of varying depth and is mostly at a depth of ± 6 m. The weak zone spreads southwest of the research site
ZnO-Mn nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid for photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B
Authors: Nurafiah Nadia , Yudasari Nurfina , Mutmainna Inayatuul , Tahir Dahlang
Published: December 2022

Rhodamine B is a synthetic dye in the form of a powder, generally used for the purpose of changing colors in textile and paper factories. Rhodamine B is a chemical that is dangerous, absolutely should not be mixed in food, beverages and cosmetics, besides that rhodamine also has toxic properties so it must be degraded to reduce its toxicity. This research uses ZnO/Mn material which is synthesized using laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique as the degradation of rhodamine B waste. ZnO/Mn photocatalyst against rhodamine B dye. The results of the FE-SEM show that with the addition of Mn doping, the bond between the particles is getting better. ZnO/Mn with a variation of 0.1 mM obtained the best results for degradation, namely 89.474%, and the energy gap was 3.3196 eV.
Analysis of Skin Radiation Injury After External Curative and Palliative Radiotherapy of Cervix Cancer with Linac
Authors: Suryani Sri , Mirfauddin  , Abdullah Bualkar , Rahmat Roni
Published: December 2022

Radiotherapy is a powerful tool for tumour control and treatment for various types of cancer. Despite the technological advances, cancer patients are still experiencing skin radiation injury. This study analyzed the probability of the skin radiation injury experienced by cervical cancer patients after external curative and palliative radiotherapy. This research was conducted at the Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital in the Radiology section. The instrument used LINAC 6 MV external radiotherapy with the Varian brand. The state of the cancer of the samples was stage 2 B, and 3 B.  The application of the dose rate for the two stages in curative therapy did not differ, such as 6.06 Gy/min to 8.26 Gy/min. On the contrary, palliative therapy uses a dose rate of 11.06 Gy/min to 13.47 Gy/min. This dose rate is higher than the curative dose rate because this therapy aims to reduce the size of cancer.
Warming increases survival and asexual fitness in a facultatively sexual freshwater cnidarian with winter diapause
Authors: Tökölyi Jácint
Published: December 2022

Temperature is a key abiotic factor controlling population dynamics. In
facultatively sexual animals inhabiting the temperate zone, temperature
regulates the switch between asexual and sexual modes of reproduction,
initiates growth or dormancy and acts together with photoperiod to
mediate seasonal physiological transitions. Increasing temperature due
to recent global warming are likely to disrupt population dynamics of
facultatively sexual animals because of the strong
temperature-dependence of multiple fitness components. However, the
fitness consequences of warming in these animals are still poorly
understood. This is unfortunate, since facultatively sexual animals –
through their ability for asexual reproduction resulting in quick
population growth and sexual reproduction enabling long-term persistence
– are key components of freshwater ecosystems. Here, I studied the
fitness effects of warming in Hydra oligactis, a freshwater cnidarian
that reproduces asexually throughout most of the year but switches to
sexual reproduction under decreasing temperatures. I exposed hydra
polyps to simulated short summer heatwaves or long-term elevated winter
temperatures. Since sexual development in this species is dependent on
low temperature, I predicted reduced sexual investment (gonad
production) and elevated asexual fitness (budding) in polyps exposed to
higher temperatures. The results show a complex effect of warming on
sexual fitness: while gonad number decreased in response to warming,
polyps exposed to high winter temperature were capable of multiple
rounds of gamete production. Asexual reproduction and survival rate, on
the other hand, clearly increased in response to higher temperatures,
especially in males. These results predict increased population growth
of H. oligactis in temperate freshwater habitats, which will likely
affect the population dynamics of its’ main prey (freshwater
zooplankton), and through that, the whole food web.
Does symbiotic relationship between Hydra viridissima and photoautotrophic alga provide evolutionary advantage in securing the DNA against damage by cytotoxic or genotoxic mode of action of environmental stressors?
Authors: Želježić Davor , Kovačević Goran , Matijević Ana , Korać Petra , Mihalić Katarina Caput
Published: December 2022

Symbiosis is an evolutionary strategy that may provide biological
advantages. The most complex and tight cooperation between symbiotic
organisms is achieved in endosymbiosis, as it is the symbiosis between
green hydra (Hydra viridissima Pallas, 1766) and unicellular
photoautotrophic alga. We aimed to evaluate whether this symbiotic
cooperation bestows higher resistance to environmental stressors of
different nature, in terms of higher preservation of DNA integrity,
compared to free-living brown hydra (Hydra oligactis Pallas,
1766). Hydras were exposed to herbicide norflurazon at of
2×10 or 2×10 mol/L and UV-B
light of 254 nm, 0.023 mW/cm separately or simultaneously to detect
additive or synergistic effect. We used alkaline comet assay to
determine the level of primary DNA damage and fluorescent staining to
detect apoptosis and necrosis. Norflurazon at 2×10-6 mol/L significantly
increased both comet assay descriptors in brown hydra compared to
negative control (6.17±0.6µm and 5.2±1.7% vs. 2.9 ± 0.2µm and 1.2 ± 0.2
%). The frequency of apoptotic and necrotic cells was significantly
elevated either, being higher in brown hydra (25.7±3.5% and 8.2±0.2%)
than green hydra (20.3±2.5% and 2.8±0.2%). UV-B irradiation induced
significant DNA damage in brown hydra only (13.5±1.0µm, 4.1±1.0%).
Simultaneous exposure to UV-B light and norflurazon led to synergistic
increase in intensity of adverse effects. A concentration of
2×10 mol norflurazon/L combined with UV-B light
induced significantly increased DNA lesion-level in brown hydra (15.8 ±
3.1%) and at concentration of 2×10 mol/L in both
species (brown: 15.0±2.6%, green: 22.0±3.0%). Significant cytotoxicity
and increased hedgehog nucleoids frequency were recorded, significantly
more pronounced in brown (78.3±9.4% and 56.4±6.0%) compared to green
hydra (34.7±2.5% and 24.2±0.6%). Besides genotoxicity, comet assay
descriptors were significantly affected by and reflected cytotoxicity of
norflurazon and/or UV-B light. We proved that evolutionary established
symbiotic cooperation may contribute to higher resistance to
cyto/genotoxic stressors.
Title of the article: Current Review of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariant BF.7 (BA.5.2.1.7) Virology and Preventing Strategies.
Authors: CHENCHULA SANTENNA , Amarneni Krishna Chaitanya , Ghanta Mohan Krishna , R Padmavathi , Chandra Madhu Bhargavi , Adusumilli Madhu Babu , Chavan Madhavrao , Mudda Sofia , Gupta Rupesh , Lakhavat Bhawna
Published: December 2022

Since its identification in late 2019 the novel coronavirus, severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) In Wuhan, China,
by the World Health Organization (WHO), which cause the coronavirus
disease 2019, it is rapidly spreading, resulting in the global pandemic.
As of 19 December 2022, a total of 64 million (649,038,437) confirmed
cases including 6,645,812 deaths have been reported across the world.
Over time, the SARS-CoV-2 acquired genetic mutations resulting in
multiple types of SARS-CoV-2 variants and subvariants that have been
confirmed. The Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant was identified later in
November 2021, with enhanced immune escape and was followed with various
sublineages BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4 and BA.5 and Other sublineages BQ.1,
BQ.11, BF.7, BA.2.75, and XBB due to mutations in the spike protein of
the SARS-CoV-2. In response to the current surge in the COVID-19 reports
by Omicron subvariant BF.7 also known as BA.2.75.2, in China and other
countries, triggering global alarm. The present review was conducted to
understand the virology, factors associated with increased
transmissibility with BF.7 and possible urgent preventing strategies to
be taken to curtail the novel omicron variants outbreak across the
world.
Contactless payment system based on NFC technology
Authors:   Lviv Politechnic University, Zholubak Ivan , Kurman P
Published: December 2022

The article investigates the system for contactless payments using NFC technology. The practice of acquiring as a method of trade that increases the attractiveness of the business for the client and simplifies the process of trade for owners and employees. The relevance of such a system in Ukraine and prospects for its development are determined. The availability of such systems on the market, combinations of systems that allow to obtain the same attractiveness for business and customers are analyzed. Although such systems attract customers to the business, the number of services that can provide relevant services to the customer or business remains small, and ready-made solutions that combine functionality for both customer and seller have not yet been found. The aim of the article is to present the stages of development of contactless payment systems that transfer data between client applications using NFC technology and a server based on microservice architecture. The article presents a system of contactless payments based on NFC technology, its structure and algorithm. It is stated that the principle of operation is to receive and transmit data from two end customers of the system to one of the payment systems in a certain order, which allows secure execution of payment transactions.
Decentralized smart contract software service using ETHEREUM blockchain non-fungible tokens
Authors:   Lviv Politechnic University, Ihnatovych Anatoliy , Yanchynskyi Andrii
Published: December 2022

The decentralized technologies of the Ethereum blockchain were analyzed, based on the principles of which a decentralized software service solution was proposed using a smart contract implemented in the specialized Solidity programming language. This contract acts as one of the elements of the server-client application and is the server part for processing methods of interaction with the Ethereum blockchain. The methods include a set of various functions, including for interacting with a collection of non-fungible tokens. The metadata that describes the digital product (non-fungible tokens) is directly linked to the blockchain and resides in a decentralized repository for its most reliable and long-lasting existence. The Ethereum blockchain, in addition to development tools, provides stable support for developers and users thanks to the popular decentralization paradigm, and the relevance and constant development of technologies lead to user interest in products created on their basis. Non- fungible tokens can be used as a cryptocurrency unit, and the decentralized application itself as a platform for collecting funds for a specific purpose. The methods of creating decentralized software services using smart contracts of non-fungible tokens were studied. The selection of the main nodes of the decentralized application is substantiated. A detailed functional diagram of the operation of the basic smart contract methods is proposed together with a diagram that describes all the functional nodes of the decentralized application in general. The results of the interaction of the client part of the software service with the smart contract of the Ethereum blockchain are also demonstrated.