bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bases to inform a genetic line of whiteleg shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei of Mexican origin
Authors: Perez-Enriquez Ricardo , Magallón-Barajas Francisco J. , Llera-Herrera Raúl
Published: March 2024

The whiteleg shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei is one of the most relevant aquaculture species in Latin America and globally. Among several elements, the improvement of its production depends on the larval genetic quality produced in commercial hatcheries. A strategy for achievement is setting up a long-term management plan that includes the genetic settlement of a breeding population with broad genetic variability and reduced inbreeding levels and the design of adequate management and crossbreeding schemes. The settlement of the breeding population requires a detailed characterization of the genetic composition and diversity of the breeding line(s) that are being managed. The present study evaluated the genetic composition of six wild populations from the southern and northern coasts of the Mexican Pacific (Oaxaca, Guerrero, Nayarit, and Sinaloa) and 56 breeding lots maintained in commercial hatcheries. The genetic profiles of a low-density SNP marker panel (171 and 152 loci for the wild and hatchery-reared groups, respectively) were used to estimate genetic diversity and differentiation within and among samples. The wild population presented significant genetic differences between southern and northern Pacific locations. Although these populations showed higher diversity levels than the cultivated stocks, the genetic pool of the total 56 lots was highly variable with low inbreeding levels. The genetic characteristics of the analyzed populations and cultivated stocks warrant the constitution of a Mexican-origin breeding line with future potential for selection to the environmental conditions of the northwestern region of Mexico.
Experimental transplantation of Durvillaea incurvata in southern Chile: implication for its restocking
Authors: Paredes-Mella Javier , Oroz Luis , Gutiérrez Alfonso , Zúñiga Andrea , Martínez Camila , Villarroel Adrián , Varela Daniel , Henríquez-Antipa Luis
Published: March 2024

Durvillaea incurvata is a brown macroalgae of ecological, social, and economic importance subjected to a drastic increase in harvesting pressure over the last decade in Chile. In this study, we performed an experimental transplantation of juveniles of D. incurvata, assessing the potential use as a restocking technique. Different types of restocking devices and attaching substrates were constructed. Differences in the D. incurvata re-attachment probability among the substrates and devices were not observed, and a high percentage of juvenile mortality was observed. However, reattached juveniles increased their length, holdfast diameter, and weight. The experiment revealed that juveniles of D. incurvata have a good capacity for re-attachment and growth on artificial substrates after transplantation. This technique could be used for the species stock enhancement, although further studies are needed to optimize the process and increase the juvenile's re-attachment.
Dynamics of fish community structure in the Yeosu Coast, Korea: A comprehensive analysis of daily set-net catch data during 2008–2022
Authors: Moon Seong Yong , Lee Mi Hee , Jung Kyung-Mi , Koo Myung Sung
Published: March 2024

This study focuses on the Yeosu Coast, a critical ecological and economic zone on the Korean Peninsula. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of fish data obtained from daily set nets for the period of 2008–2022 (excluding 2017) to investigate variations in fish composition and community structure over a 15-year period. The catches were characterized by a prevalence of warm-water fish species, reflecting the temperate and subtropical character of the Yeosu Coast. The total catch during the study period was 3210.8 tonnes, with 2010 and 2016 registering the highest and lowest catches, respectively. Our analysis identified sea surface temperature as a primary factor correlated with these changes in species composition. The two dominant species, Scomberomorus niphonius (Cuvier, 1832) and Engraulis japonicus Temminck et Schlegel, 1846 together accounted for a remarkable 78.9% of the total catch. Notably, the Shannon–Weaver diversity index values were lower in 2015 than in 2008, indicating potential shifts in the community structure. Our analysis identified sea surface temperature as the most dominant factor that influenced these changes in species composition. Furthermore, we highlight the significant threats posed by climate change and the increasing number of jellyfish challenging fisheries on the Yeosu Coast. These threats have the potential to result in diminished set-net catches and declining biodiversity within this valuable ecosystem. Our findings underscore the importance of monitoring and addressing these ecological shifts to ensure the long-term sustainability of Yeosu Coast fisheries.
A new monotypic genus of cobweb spiders from the Russian Far East (Araneae, Theridiidae)
Authors: Marusik Yuri M. , Eskov Kirill Y.
Published: March 2024

A new theridiid spider, Knoflachia kurilensisgen. et sp. nov., is described from the Kuril Islands (Kunashir). The new genus belongs to the ‘Anelosimus clade (clade 24)’ of Agnarsson (2004). A pair of raised, fused setal sockets on the cheliceral promargin adjacent to the fang base was found to be another synapomorphy of all the ‘distal theridiids’ (the ‘elongated central claw clade (clade 33)’: argyrodins, ‘Anelosimus clade’ and theridiins). Knoflachia kurilensissp. nov. demonstrates a male polymorphism similar to some Anelosimus Simon, 1891 species (e.g., A. studiosus (Hentz, 1850)).
Ressentir la pratique du jiu-jitsu brésilien : une ethnographie sensorielle
Authors: Mattont Josselin
Published: March 2024

Fondé par un engagement ethnographique de longue haleine, cet article a pour ambition d’offrir une « description dense » de l’univers sensoriel des jiu-jiteiros (pratiquants de jiu-jitsu brésilien) afin de comprendre les significations que ces derniers accordent à leurs sensations, fussent-elles visuelles, auditives, olfactives, tactiles ou même gustatives. Le jiu-jitsu brésilien est une pratique dite de préhension où le but est de soumettre son adversaire par le biais de diverses finalisations (clé articulaire, étranglement, etc.). S’appuyant sur un travail ethnographique commencé depuis 2016 au sein de deux clubs de jiu-jitsu brésilien français, cet article pose un regard sur le combat qui va au-delà du simple corps à corps direct en proposant une vue de l’intérieur.
On the convergence of a new fourth-order method for finding a zero of a derivative
Authors: Ruan Dongdong , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: March 2024

On the basis of Wang's method, a new fourth-order method for finding a zero of a derivative was presented. Under the hypotheses that the third and fourth order derivatives of nonlinear function were bounded, the local convergence of a new fourth-order method was studied. The error estimate, the order of convergence, and uniqueness of the solution were also discussed. In particular, Herzberger's matrix method was used to obtain the convergence order of the new method to four. By comparing the new method with Wang's method and the same order method, numerical illustrations showed that the new method has a higher order of convergence and accuracy.
Solutions and anti-periodic solutions for impulsive differential equations and inclusions containing Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative of order $ \zeta \in (1, 2) $ in infinite dimensional Banach spaces
Authors: Nuwairan Muneerah Al , Ibrahim Ahmed Gamal
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we improved recent results on the existence of solutions for nonlinear fractional boundary value problems containing the Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative of order $ \zeta \in (1, 2) $. We also derived the exact relations between these fractional boundary value problems and the corresponding fractional integral equations in infinite dimensional Banach spaces. We showed that the continuity assumption on the nonlinear term of these equations is insufficient, give the derived expression for the solution, and present two results about the existence and uniqueness of the solution. We examined the case of impulsive impact and provide some sufficiency conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the solution in these cases. We also demonstrated the existence and uniqueness of anti-periodic solution for the studied problems and considered the problem when the right-hand side was a multivalued function. Examples were given to illustrate the obtained results.
Signorini problem as a variational limit of obstacle problems in nonlinear elasticity
Authors: Maddalena Francesco , Percivale Danilo , Tomarelli Franco
Published: March 2024

An energy functional for the obstacle problem in linear elasticity is obtained as a variational limit of nonlinear elastic energy functionals describing a material body subject to pure traction load under a unilateral constraint representing the rigid obstacle. There exist loads pushing the body against the obstacle, but unfit for the geometry of the whole system body-obstacle, so that the corresponding variational limit turns out to be different from the classical Signorini problem in linear elasticity. However, if the force field acting on the body fulfils an appropriate geometric admissibility condition, we can show coincidence of minima. The analysis developed here provides a rigorous variational justification of the Signorini problem in linear elasticity, together with an accurate analysis of the unilateral constraint.
Production and Learning in Teams
Authors: Herkenhoff Kyle , Lise Jeremy , Menzio Guido , Phillips Gordon M.
Published: March 2024

To what extent is a worker's human capital growth affected by the quality of his coworkers? To answer this question, we develop and estimate a model in which the productivity and the human capital growth of an individual depend on the average human capital of his coworkers. The measured production function is supermodular: The marginal product of a more knowledgeable individual is increasing in the human capital of his coworkers. The measured human capital accumulation function is convex: An individual's human capital growth is increasing in coworkers' human capital only when paired with more knowledgeable coworkers, but independent of coworkers' human capital when paired with less knowledgeable coworkers. Learning from coworkers accounts for two thirds of the stock of human capital accumulated on the job. Technological changes that increase production supermodularity lead to labor market segregation and, by reducing the opportunities for low human capital workers to learn from better coworkers, lead to a decline in aggregate human capital and output.
Adapting to Climate Risk With Guaranteed Credit: Evidence From Bangladesh
Authors: Lane Gregory
Published: March 2024

Climate change is increasing the frequency of extreme weather events, with low‐income countries being disproportionately impacted. However, these countries often face market frictions that hinder their ability to adopt effective adaptation strategies. In this paper, I explore the role of credit market failures in limiting adaptation. To achieve this, I collaborate with a large microfinance institution and offer a randomly selected group of farmers access to guaranteed credit through an “Emergency Loan” following a negative climate shock. I document three key results. First, farmers who have access to the emergency loan make less costly adaptation choices and are less severely affected when a flood occurs. Second, I find no evidence of adverse spillover effects on households that did not receive the Emergency Loan. Finally, I demonstrate that providing the Emergency Loan is profitable for the microfinance institution, making it a viable tool for the private sector to employ in similar circumstances.
Bargaining and Exclusion With Multiple Buyers
Authors: Abreu Dilip , Manea Mihai
Published: March 2024

A seller trades with
q out of
n buyers who have valuations
a
1 ≥ 
a
2 ≥ ⋯ ≥ 
a

n
 > 0 via sequential bilateral bargaining. When
q < 
n, buyer payoffs vary across equilibria in the patient limit, but seller payoffs do not, and converge to maxl≤q+1[(a1+a2+⋯+al−1)/2+al+1+⋯+aq+1].

If
l
* is the (generically unique) maximizer of this optimization problem, then each buyer
i < 
l
* trades with probability 1 at the fair price
a

i
/2, while buyers
i ≥ 
l
* are excluded from trade with positive probability. Bargaining with buyers who face the threat of exclusion is driven by a
sequential outside option principle: the seller can sequentially exercise the outside option of trading with the extra marginal buyer
q + 1, then with the new extra marginal buyer
q, and so on, extracting full surplus from each buyer in this sequence and enhancing the outside option at every stage. A seller who can serve all buyers (
q = 
n) may benefit from creating scarcity by committing to exclude some remaining buyers as negotiations proceed. An
optimal exclusion commitment, within a general class, excludes a single buyer but maintains flexibility about which buyer is excluded. Results apply symmetrically to a buyer bargaining with multiple sellers.
Toward a General Theory of Peer Effects
Authors: Boucher Vincent , Rendall Michelle , Ushchev Philip , Zenou Yves
Published: March 2024

There is substantial empirical evidence showing that peer effects matter in many activities. The workhorse model in empirical work on peer effects is the linear‐in‐means (LIM) model, whereby it is assumed that agents are linearly affected by the mean action of their peers. We develop a new general model of peer effects that relaxes the linear assumption of the best‐reply functions and the mean peer behavior and that encompasses the spillover, conformist model, and LIM model as special cases. Then, using data on adolescent activities in the United States, we structurally estimate this model. We find that for many activities, individuals do not behave according to the LIM model. We run some counterfactual policies and show that imposing the mean action as an individual social norm is misleading and leads to incorrect policy implications.
Advancing Non-Cuff Hypertension Detection: Leveraging 1D Convolutional Neural Network and Time Domain Physiological Signals
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani , Utomo Trio Pambudi , Prabowo Nurhasan Agung , Aripriharta  , Yazid Muhammad , Yunianto Mohtar
Published: March 2024

Timely identification of hypertension (HT) is crucial for effectively managing and reducing the potential health consequences, including cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes, as well as the development of kidney disease. Traditional cuff-based devices often discourage regular monitoring because they cause discomfort. Furthermore, the lack of symptoms in HT complicates the early detection of this condition. To address these challenges, our study employs a non-cuff methodology that utilizes unprocessed electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals. We utilize a customized approach to enhance the features of a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (CNN) specifically tailored to optimize timeseries data. In contrast to previous research, our methodology avoids the need for complex signal extraction or transformation techniques. The main goal is to identify the optimal input signals and fine-tune the critical hyperparameters of CNNs. The clinical data underwent analysis, which revealed that the use of an integrated ECG and PPG approach resulted in the highest level of accuracy for detection. Notably, the F1 score achieved an impressive value of 98.88%. When evaluated separately, ECG outperformed PPG. Our study contributes to the advancement of the field by introducing a new approach that combines comfort and high accuracy in the early detection of HT. This method is practical and ensures a patient-friendly experience.
Identification of Medical Ecosystems in the Field of Mental Health and Cardiovascular Diseases at the Cologne Site
Authors: Dannenberg Cara , Heimann Johannes , Koumpis Adamantios , Beyan Oya
Published: March 2024

As part of the Europe-wide smart health innovation hub implemented in the context of the Horizon Europe SHIFT-HUB project, our work concerns the identification of specific medical research ecosystems in the two fields, namely cardiovascular diseases and mental illness, with Cologne as the central location. To achieve this aim, the websites of involved organizations were used for data research purposes, and the members of each respective ecosystem or network were identified by acquiring information about their cooperation partners. A variety of selection criteria have been applied to filter out whether these partners were suitable to be considered as a further starting point for the research. The results indicate the existence of ecosystems in the two fields, with Cologne as the central location, in which various stakeholders, including healthcare institutions, healthcare providers, foundations, NGOs, and the business community, work closely together. Larger institutions are usually networked at an international level, while smaller institutions increasingly depend on and foster regional partnerships. This promotes cooperation and the exchange of knowledge at the regional level and facilitates direct contact with the people affected, i.e., patients’ groups. Research institutions in both fields often receive financial support from commercial organizations, which highlights the importance of the business community’s involvement in exploiting research results and promoting the quality of healthcare. The article highlights the complexity and interdisciplinarity of the particular ecosystems, with all the different categories of institutions comprising an indispensable position. The interaction amongst stakeholders at international, regional, and local levels can significantly help to deploy resources more effectively and improve the quality of life of people suffering from any of the two conditions.
Enhanced Water Quality Prediction in the Yellow River Basin: The Application of the HHO-LSTM Model
Authors: Wu Minning , Blancaflor Eric B. , Ren Fei , Wang Yong , Dong Ting
Published: March 2024

In the pivotal water resource region of the Yellow River Basin in China, precise prediction of water resources is essential for their effective and rational management. This study introduces a novel approach to water resource prediction by employing the Harris Hawks Optimization-Long Short-Term Memory (HHO-LSTM) model. This method overcomes the constraints faced by traditional techniques in processing time series data and various variable factors. It encompasses a comprehensive description of the multi-source hydrological data collection process within the Yellow River Basin, followed by meticulous data preprocessing. The data set for this study includes estimates of four critical water quality parameters, and the efficacy of the model is gauged through the mean squared error (MSE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) metrics. This facilitates the projection of future water quality trends in specific areas by leveraging historical water quality data. The HHO-LSTM model has demonstrated outstanding accuracy and robustness in predicting water quality across diverse temporal scales and water resource variables, marking a significant advancement in water resource management within the Yellow River Basin. This approach not only enhances current management strategies but also contributes valuable insights for ongoing water resource research and decision-making processes.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for Cyberattack Detection
Authors: Tareq Imad , Elbagoury Bassant Mohamed , El-Regaily Salsabil Amin , El-Horbaty El-Sayed M.
Published: March 2024

Recently, there has been a growing concern regarding the detrimental effects of cyberattacks on both infrastructure and users. Conventional safety measures, such as encryption, firewalls, and intrusion detection, are inadequate to safeguard cyber systems against emerging and evolving threats. To address this issue, researchers have turned to reinforcement learning (RL) as a potential solution for complex decision-making problems in cybersecurity. However, the application of RL faces various obstacles, including a lack of suitable training data, dynamic attack scenarios, and challenges in modeling real-world complexities. This paper suggests applying deep reinforcement learning (DRL), a deep framework, to simulate malicious cyberattacks and enhance cybersecurity. Our framework utilizes an agent-based model that is capable of continuous learning and adaptation within a dynamic network security environment. The agent determines the most optimal course of action based on the network’s state and the corresponding rewards received for its decisions. We present the outcomes of our experimentation with the application of DRL on a specific model, double deep Q-network (DDQN), utilizing policy gradient (PG) on three distinct datasets: NSL-KDD, CIC-IDS-2018, and AWID. Our research demonstrates that DRL can effectively improve cyberattack detection outcomes through our model and specific parameter adjustments.
Science teaching and the mobile collaborative learning approach: different educational contexts
Authors: Nascimento Karla Angélica Silva do , Brito Antonia Janieiry Ribeiro da Silva
Published: March 2024

The study described in the article aims to understand how mobile devices can help teaching practices in the pedagogical project in the classroom and beyond. We opted for a qualitative approach with the use of research-action, involving the collaborative work of a teacher interested in contributing to the resolution of concerns related to the use of these technologies in the school context. Interviews, field diaries, and class observations were analyzed and coded. The results indicate that the elements that supporThe research deals with how mobile technologies helped Science classes, articulating curriculum content and real situations experienced in the community. t Mobile Collaborative Learning, based on teaching practice supported by mobile devices, recognize the importance of teaching as a mediator, involving students in discussions about the themes studied in different learning contexts. One way, via, or possible path that the study brought out is that for these technologies to be integrated into school activities it is necessary to make the curriculum more flexible, both in planning and execution, thus rethinking public policies that encourage the use of these devices at school, especially those of students' own use.
Concepções de docência de professores de Ciências Agrárias atuantes em universidades comunitárias
Authors: Farias Tania Maria Zaffari , Pensin Daniela Pederiva , Feldkercher Nadiane
Published: March 2024

A docência, concebida como uma ação complexa, mobiliza saberes singulares e complementares. A docência universitária tem-se demonstrado dinâmica, no sentido de que se modela ao contexto de sua época. Na contemporaneidade, a Educação Superior está impactada pela concorrência, pela produtividade e pela eficiência. Os modos de ser docente, de exercer a docência, de compreender a formação docente e as influências do contexto socioeconômico formam e revelam concepções de docência. A partir desses pressupostos, neste estudo objetivamos analisar as concepções de docência de professores bacharéis iniciantes na carreira. Esta pesquisa, qualitativa e empírica, adotou a entrevista para a coleta de dados, junto a professores bacharéis, iniciantes na carreira e atuantes na área das Ciências Agrárias, em universidades comunitárias da mesorregião Oeste de Santa Catarina. Os resultados, tratados por meio da análise de conteúdo, demonstraram que as concepções de docência são formadas pela convergência das bases para o exercício docente, da formação/autoformação, das atividades docentes exercidas, da área das Ciências Agrárias e do modelo comunitário, bem como pelo contexto de atuação desses docentes – convergência que também expressa a complexidade da docência na Educação Superior. Constatou-se, ainda, que o contexto socioeconômico faz com que as instituições de Educação Superior e seus docentes fiquem cada vez mais envoltos em lógicas de agenciamento.
O uso da mídia social Instagram pela equipe de comunicação do Jardim Botânico do Recife
Authors: Lima Mayara Lopes de Freitas , Ferreira Helaine Sivini
Published: March 2024

Este artigo partiu do seguinte questionamento: Como o Jardim Botânico do Recife (JBR) utiliza o Instagram para se comunicar com seu público?, e seu objetivo geral foi de investigar como o uso da mídia social Instagram é evidenciado pela equipe do JBR. A pesquisa adotou uma abordagem prioritariamente qualitativa, embora tenha utilizado alguns dados percentuais para clarificar tendências, mas nada que implicasse o uso de tratamento estatístico sofisticado, e utilizou a proposta metodológica netnográfica. Realizou-se mapeamento de caráter qualitativo do conteúdo das postagens do Instagram do JBR, no período de 24 de novembro de 2016 a 15 de março de 2020, quando foram contabilizadas 766 postagens e 25.400 seguidores. Todas as etapas foram organizadas, com suas respectivas descrições, curtidas, comentários e legendas. O mapeamento das postagens do JBR no Instagram foi realizado considerando-se os critérios descritos por Jarreau, Dahmen e Jones. As análises mostraram que a mediação foi pouco observada. Porém, deve-se esclarecer que essa falta de mediação não é exclusiva do JBR, porquanto são dificuldades comuns apresentadas por instituições semelhantes. A falta de mais interação com o público, que deixou de gerar um feedback, pode ser considerada uma lacuna na comunicação. O canal de mediação poderia interagir mesmo depois da visita física ou digital. Foi possível perceber pouca presença do elemento humano nas postagens e que, aparentemente, o nível de engajamento presente na interação entre o JBR e seu público, através do Instagram, pode melhorar e alcançar níveis mais adequados para sua missão institucional. Nas considerações finais, são indicadas oportunidades de melhorar a interação entre o JBR e seu público visitante.
O ensino desenvolvimental e a formação de conceito teórico na disciplina de Física no ensino médio
Authors: Batistella Carmes Ana da Rosa , Freitas Raquel Aparecida Marra da Madeira
Published: March 2024

Estudos e pesquisas que têm buscando contribuir para mudanças no ensino de Física no ensino médio, especialmente quanto ao método de ensino-aprendizagem, pouco têm se beneficiado das contribuições do ensino desenvolvimental como uma alternativa para promover estas mudanças. Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou responder à questão: o uso de princípios do ensino desenvolvimental pode contribuir para mudanças qualitativas na aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento dos estudantes de Física do ensino médio? O objetivo geral foi verificar a ocorrência de mudanças no pensamento dos estudantes do ensino médio em relação a um conceito da Física, ensinado a partir de princípios teóricos do ensino desenvolvimental. A pesquisa empírica consistiu em um experimento didático formativo com o conceito calor, orientado por princípios das teorias de Vigotski, Davydov, Elkonin, Hedegaard e Chaiklin. O experimento didático formativo ocorreu em uma instituição de ensino federal, localizada no interior do estado de Goiás (Brasil). Participaram da pesquisa 22 alunos da disciplina de Física, do segundo ano do ensino médio integrado ao curso técnico, além do professor da disciplina, que possuía conhecimento das teorias fundamentadoras da pesquisa. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a observação das aulas, entrevistas e a análise da tarefa realizada pelos alunos durante o experimento didático formativo. Apenas uma aluna, por razões pessoais e afetivas, não participou e não houve mudança no seu conhecimento. Os resultados mostram que os alunos que efetivamente realizaram a atividade de estudo do conceito calor pelo método proposto avançaram na zona de desenvolvimento proximal em relação a calor e formaram um conceito teórico de natureza dialética.
Compreensões sobre o uso de agrotóxico de estudantes egressos/as de um curso de Licenciatura do Campo de Ciências da Natureza
Authors: Domingos Diane Cristina Araújo , Queirós Wellington Pereira , Oliveira Adriana Marques de , Pires Dario Xavier
Published: March 2024

O presente estudo apresenta a compreensão das percepções sobre o tema agrotóxico de egressos/as de um curso de Licenciatura do Campo de Ciências da Natureza integrado a Faculdade Intercultural Indígena de uma universidade pública, sem abordar diretamente as questões ambientais e de saúde dos agricultores e suas famílias: intoxicação, câncer, depressão, dentre outras doenças. O material empírico foi constituído a partir de Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) produzidos por estudantes egressos/as do referido curso, como resultado parcial da tese de doutoramento no curso de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS). Para a elucidação das compreensões, foi utilizada a metodologia de Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD), sendo possível observar que o baixo grau de escolaridade dos/as agricultores/as interfere tanto na percepção dos riscos quanto no uso dos agrotóxicos. Outrossim, eles/as não utilizam os Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPI’s) e, consequentemente, aplicam estes produtos em larga escala, sem conhecimento do grau de toxidez, contribuindo para as práticas de monocultura dentro das atividades do agronegócio. Esse resultado contribuiu para repensar a formação inicial de professores/as do Campo, apoiada na teoria de Paulo Freire, como forma de sensibilização e reflexão crítica quanto aos riscos à exposição de agrotóxicos, a fim de impulsionar práticas sustentáveis agroecológicas e fortalecer o debate da Educação no/do Campo.
Para a história do ‘verbo auxiliar’ e da ‘perífrase verbal’ no discurso metalinguístico do Português publicado entre 1536 e 1870
Authors: Santos Maria Helena Pessoa
Published: March 2024

Serve o presente artigo o objetivo de contribuir para a história do ‘verbo auxiliar’ e da ‘perífrase verbal’ na metalinguagem do Português em textos publicados entre 1536 e 1870. Baseia-se nos pressupostos teóricos da Linguística Histórica e observa o princípio metodológico que se prende com o respeito pela terminologia adotada pelos autores das obras escrutinadas, relativamente à qual se procurou manter uma equidistância epistemológica suscetível de garantir a descrição e a explicação objetivas, sempre que possível, dos factos (meta)linguísticos.
“Energy Poverty” as a Nigerian Problem, “Energy Mix” as a Solution
Authors: Idris-Idah Kawu
Published: March 2024

This paper is aimed at minimizing the energy gaps concerning “energy poverty” and “energy mix”, with a specific focus on the Nigerian-centric context. Most existing research entailing “energy poverty” are localized according to regions. Nigeria lacks its own definition of energy poverty. The paper’s novelty is thus the attempt to define energy poverty from a Nigerian perspective, following a review of existing definitions. Such a paper would enable more effective energy policies, as a problem definition would be clearer and more streamlined. Beyond the definition is an obvious fact that “energy poverty” is a problem, and the paper therefore proposes the “energy mix” as a solution. The proposed energy is to contain different kinds of energy resources, with the advantages of each maximized and their disadvantages minimized. This articulate paper discusses such technologies (fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables) highlighting the benefits and disadvantages; herein lies the opportunity for Nigeria and alike. A Nigeria where more people are enlightened about “energy poverty” would invariably translate into a better fight against energy poverty.
Economic Growth, Population Dynamics and Electricity Consumption in Ghana
Authors: Owusu-Acheampong David , Nweke-Eze Chigozie
Published: March 2024

This research employs a multiple linear regression analysis to explore the relation-ships between economic and population dynamics and electricity consumption within Ghana. From the multiple linear regression analysis, we deduced coefficients and p-values for the independent variables, highlighting significant predictors. While some variables lack statistical significance, those that are significant yield insights into resource allocation. Notably, economic growth indices demonstrate a meaningful relationship with electricity consumption, while Population provides valuable yet less statistically significant in-sights. In conclusion, this research’s multiple linear regression analysis furnishes actionable insights for energy resource allocation in Ghana. Understanding the complex interplay between economic growth, population changes, and electricity consumption empowers stakeholders to make informed decisions that bolster energy security, sustainability, and economic growth. Though illuminating, this study acknowledges certain limitations and calls for further research to refine our comprehension and inform comprehensive energy strategies.
Some warning signs detected in coastal pelagic fisheries of the west coast of Sri Lanka: Declining trend of Amblygaster sirm suggesting the need for immediate management initiatives
Authors: Bandaranayake K. H. K. , Gunasekara S. S. , Haputhantri S. S. K. , Jayasinghe R. P. P. K.
Published: March 2024

Coastal fisheries, mainly characterized by small pelagic species, are significant on the west coast of Sri Lanka in terms of livelihood and food security. However, currently, the fishery has faced numerous challenges, particularly with the stock depletion allied with poor management practices. The present study was carried out using the time series data of 2001–2020 on the west coast of Sri Lanka representing four fisheries districts - Kalutara, Colombo, Negombo, and  Chilaw - to explore the present status and the tendency of the fishery towards management considerations. The analysis was based on the outboard engine fiber-reinforced plastic boats (OFRP) with small meshed gillnets, which are the main boat gear combination that exists in the fishery. The recent five-year landings within the study period indicated that the highest average catch rates resulted in the onset of the southwest monsoon and extended until the end of the northeast monsoon. The catch rates of fishery exhibited greater inter-annual fluctuations during a two-decade period, with an average of 66.7 ± 17.3 kg per trip from 2011 to 2020. Over the past two decades, the Mean Trophic Level (MTL) of the coastal fish landings ranged from 3.13 to 3.62 and showed a declining trend with the forecast of 3.38 for 2022-2026. Moreover, the catch rates and the relative contribution of Amblygaster sirm, one of the main target species in the country, showed a declining trend over the past two decades while indicating the need for immediate management initiatives.
Artificial intelligence, platelets and aspirin
Authors: De Gaetano Giovanni
Published: March 2024

An inspiring and timely review by Paolo Gresele, published in Bleeding, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, at the end of last year, fascinated me through the description of applications of artificial intelligence in the field of hemostasis and thrombosis, examining its advantages, drawbacks and future perspectives [...]
Ibuprofen-induced Pityriasis Rosea and Fixed-drug Eruption
Authors: Behera Debasmita , Raj Chinmoy , Bajoria Sejal , Jain Kriti , Sukhija Riya
Published: March 2024

Pityriasis rosea (PR) is a common acute and usually self-limiting papulosquamous dermatosis that typically affects children and young adults. Fixed-drug eruption (FDE) is a type of cutaneous adverse drug reaction that reoccurs at the same site when the offending drug is reingested. We are presenting this case of a 2-year-old child because of the simultaneous presentation of both PR and FDE in the same individual at the same time.
Impact of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation on quality of life in patients with skin of color
Authors: Bhattacharya Ipshita , Dsouza Paschal , Dhaka Kanchan
Published: March 2024

Background: Dyschromias are the second most commonly diagnosed dermatological entity in patients with skin of color (SOC). People with SOC develop postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) with a higher frequency and greater severity attributed to the presence of reactive melanocytes. This can have severe repercussions on self-esteem and social/emotional functioning. While there are studies on the impact of post-acne PIH on quality of life (QOL), the assessment of impact of PIH on QOL as a heterogenous group of dermatoses has not been studied previously. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of PIH on QOL in patients with SOC using Skindex-16. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from October 2019 to September 2021, involving 60 patients with SOC having biopsy-proven PIH. All patients underwent thorough clinical workup, followed by the administration of the Skindex-16 questionnaire. Data were tabulated and analyzed. Results: The mean age was 32.53±11.73 years: 35 (58%) patients were male, and 25 (42%) were females. Most patients presented with PIH secondary to papulosquamous disorders (n=23; 38.34%), followed by acne/acneiform eruptions (n=11; 18.33%). The mean scores for symptoms, emotions, functioning, and total scores were 0.37±0.51, 2.30±1.13, 2.26±1.40, and 1.64±0.85, respectively. PIH lesions with simultaneous evolution were associated with higher symptoms subscale scores. A previous tendency of PIH, involvement of exposed sites, higher intensity of PIH, epidermal PIH, and lesions accentuating on Wood’s lamp had higher, statistically significant impact on emotions, functioning, and total scores. Conclusion: PIH had significant impact on Quality of Life in patients of Skin-of-Color. Our study was limited by the sample size, and larger, multicentric, population-based studies are recommended.
Anxiety Controlling Application using EEG Neurofeedback System
Authors: Kishore Kanna R , Athawale Shashikant V , Naniwadekar Makarand Y , Choudhari C S , Talhar Nitin R , Dhengre Sumedh
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to investigate the correlation between the oscillations of electroencephalography (EEG) bands and the level of anxiety in a sample of sixteen youth athletes aged 17–21. The research utilizes a mobile EEG system to collect data on EEG band oscillations.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this research study is to investigate the brain wave oscillations during relaxation, specifically comparing the contrast between eyes open and eyes closed state Electroencephalography (EEG) using a state-of-the-art wireless EEG headset system.
METHODS: The system incorporates dry, non-interacting EEG sensor electrodes, developed exclusively by NeuroSky. In addition, the addition of the ThinkGear module and MindCap XL skull facilitated EEG recording. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eyes open and eyes closed conditions on alpha-band activity in the prefrontal cortex The results showed a statistically significant difference (p≤0.006); appeared between these two states. The present study examined the relationship between the alpha band of the prefrontal cortex and anxiety levels. Specifically, we examined the relationship between these variables in the eyes-closed condition.
RESULTS: Our analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation, with the alpha band showing a negative slope (p≤0.029). The present study examines the comparison of data obtained from single-channel wireless devices with data obtained from conventional laboratories The findings of this study show a striking similarity between the results obtained with both types of devices. The aim of the present study was to investigate the specific characteristics of the correlation between electroencephalographic (EEG) alphaband oscillations in the prefrontal cortex in relation to eye position and anxiety levels in young athletes.
CONCLUSION: This study seeks to shed light on the possible relationship between this vibration and individuals' internal cognitive and affective states.
Application of Several Transfer Learning Approach for Early Classification of Lung Cancer
Authors: Naga Ramesh Janjhyam Venkata , Agarwal Raghav , Deekshita Polireddy , Elahi Shaik Aashik , Surya Bindu Saladi Hima , Pavani Juluru Sai
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer, a fatal disease characterized by abnormal cell growth, ranks as the second most lethal worldwide, as observed in recent research conducted in India and other regions. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment, and manual differentiation of nodule types in CT images poses challenges for radiologists.
OBJECTIVES: To enhance accuracy and efficiency, deep learning algorithms are proposed for early lung cancer detection. Transfer learning-based computer recognition algorithms have shown promise in providing radiologists with additional insights.
METHODS: The dataset used in this study comprises 1000 CT scan images representing lung large cell carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, and normal lung cases. A preprocessing phase, including picture rescaling and modification, is applied to the input CT scan images of the lungs, followed by the utilization of a specific transfer learning model to develop a lung cancer detection system.
RESULTS: The performance of various transfer learning strategies is evaluated using measures such as accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, area under the curve, and F1-score.
CONCLUSION: Comparative analysis indicates that VGG16 outperforms other models in accurately categorizing different types of lung cancer.
Based on 3D Virtual Reconstruction of Modern City Landscape Sculpture Planning Design
Authors: Xu Xin
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: With the continuous advancement of urbanization, urban landscape sculpture plays an increasingly important role in modern urban planning. Traditional planning and design methods make it challenging to demonstrate the three-dimensional sense and artistry of sculpture fully; therefore, this study explores a new method of planning and designing modern urban landscape sculpture based on three-dimensional virtual reconstruction.OBJECTIVES: This study aims to enhance the three-dimensional sense and artistry of urban landscape sculpture planning and design through three-dimensional virtual reconstruction technology to meet the needs of modern urban development better. By using advanced technical means, the planning and design can be made more intuitive and specific and provide urban residents with a more artistic public space.METHODS: The study adopts advanced three-dimensional virtual reconstruction technology, combined with urban planning and design theory, to plan and design modern urban landscape sculpture. Firstly, relevant literature on urban planning and sculpture design is collected to understand the existing design concepts and technical means. Secondly, a detailed virtual reconstruction of the sculpture is carried out by using three-dimensional modeling software to show the three-dimensional effect of the sculpture. Finally, the design scheme is optimized and improved through fieldwork and expert review.RESULTS: Through three-dimensional virtual reconstruction technology, this study successfully shows the whole picture of modern urban landscape sculpture. The design scheme not only has a three-dimensional sense but it has also been improved in artistry. The results of fieldwork and expert evaluation show that the new design scheme is more in line with the needs of urban development and adds a unique artistic atmosphere to the urban space.CONCLUSION: This study has achieved positive results in the field of modern urban landscape sculpture planning and design through 3D virtual reconstruction technology. The new design method not only provides a more specific tool for urban planners but also creates a more creative and artistic public space for urban residents. In the future, the application of this method in different urban contexts can be further explored and expanded to inject more innovation and vitality into urban planning and sculpture design.
Geometric structures in pseudo-random graphs
Authors: Pham Thang , Senger Steven , Tait Michael , Thu Vu Thi Huong
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we provide a general framework for counting geometric structures in pseudo-random graphs. As applications, our theorems recover and improve several results on the finite field analog of questions originally raised in the continuous setting. The results present interactions between discrete geometry, geometric measure theory, and graph theory.
Convergence rate of entropy-regularized multi-marginal optimal transport costs
Authors: Nenna Luca , Pegon Paul
Published: March 2024

We investigate the convergence rate of multi-marginal optimal transport costs that are regularized with the Boltzmann–Shannon entropy, as the noise parameter

$\varepsilon $

tends to

$0$

. We establish lower and upper bounds on the difference with the unregularized cost of the form

$C\varepsilon \log (1/\varepsilon )+O(\varepsilon )$

for some explicit dimensional constants C depending on the marginals and on the ground cost, but not on the optimal transport plans themselves. Upper bounds are obtained for Lipschitz costs or locally semiconcave costs for a finer estimate, and lower bounds for

$\mathscr {C}^2$

costs satisfying some signature condition on the mixed second derivatives that may include degenerate costs, thus generalizing results previously in the two marginals case and for nondegenerate costs. We obtain in particular matching bounds in some typical situations where the optimal plan is deterministic.
Glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists and the management of type 2 diabetes-backwards and forwards
Authors: Horowitz Michael , Cai Lu , Islam Md Shahidul
Published: March 2024

This editorial is stimulated by the article by Alqifari et al published in the World Journal of Diabetes (2024). Alqifari et al focus on practical advice for the clinical use of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the management of type 2 diabetes and this editorial provides complementary information. We initially give a brief historical perspective of the development of GLP-1RAs stimulated by recognition of the ‘incretin effect’, the substantially greater insulin increase to enteral when compared to euglycaemic intravenous glucose, and the identification of the incretin hormones, GIP and GLP-1. In addition to stimulating insulin, GLP-1 reduces postprandial glucose levels by slowing gastric emptying. GLP-1RAs were developed because native GLP-1 has a very short plasma half-life. The majority of current GLP-1RAs are administered by subcutaneous injection once a week. They are potent in glucose lowering without leading to hypoglycaemia, stimulate weight loss in obese individuals and lead to cardiovascular and renal protection. The landscape in relation to GLP-1RAs is broadening rapidly, with different formulations and their combination with other peptides to facilitate both glucose lowering and weight loss. There is a need for more information relating to the effects of GLP-1RAs to induce gastrointestinal symptoms and slow gastric emptying which is likely to allow their use to become more effective and personalised.