bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Формирование организационно-экономического механизма в АПК: основные вызовы и угрозы
Authors: Чутчева Ю.В. , Маслова В.В. , Зарук Н.Ф.
Published: February 2025

целью исследования является выявление основных вызовов и угроз, связанных с формированием организационно-экономического механизма в АПК, их систематизация для выработки в перспективе эффективных управленческих решений по минимизации или нивелированию. Методы: в качестве методов в представленном исследовании используются системный анализ, классификация, индукции, обобщение. Результаты (Findings): в исследовании проведено обобщение и систематизация основных вызовов и угроз, оказывающих влияние на формирование организационно-экономического механизма в современном агропромышленном комплексе, рассмотрены причинно-следственные связи их формирования, предложены направления минимизации угроз и достижения целей эффективного функционирования АПК и обеспечения продовольственного суверенитета. Выводы: выявленная в ходе проведенного исследования системная зависимость вызовов, угроз и рисков формирования и развития организационно-экономического механизма в АПК является основой для выработки комплекса эффективных стратегических решений по дальнейшему развитию организационно-экономического механизма в АПК.

the purpose of the study is to identify the main challenges and threats associated with the formation of an organizational and economic mechanism in the agro-industrial complex, their systematization in order to develop effective management solutions for minimizing or leveling in the future. Methods: system analysis, classification, induction, generalization are used as methods in the presented study. Findings: The study summarizes and systematizes the main challenges and threats that affect the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism in the modern agro-industrial complex, examines the cause-and-effect relationships of their formation, suggests ways to minimize threats and achieve the goals of effective functioning of the agro-industrial complex and ensuring food sovereignty. Conclusions: The systemic dependence of challenges, threats and risks identified in the course of the study on the formation and development of the organizational and economic mechanism in the agro-industrial complex is the basis for developing a set of effective strategic solutions for the further development of the organizational and economic mechanism in the agro-industrial complex.
Identifikasi Bahan Pangan Lokal sebagai MP-ASI di Kecamatan Pauh Duo Kabupaten Solok Selatan
Authors: Dasmayanti Monica , Kasmita Kasmita , Yuliana Yuliana , Mustika Sari
Published: February 2025

The toddler years are a period of growth spurt where optimal brain growth and development occurs. The first five years are a period that will determine physical formation. MP-ASI is also known as the transition from breast milk to daily food gradually and slowly starting from the type, frequency of administration, amount of administration and form that is adjusted to the baby's ability to digest food. In Indonesia, giving MP-ASI is not appropriate. This is a problem for children because improper provision of MP-ASI can cause constipation, nutritional problems and stunting. One alternative to overcome children's nutritional problems is local MP-ASI, which is made at home and made from mixed food ingredients that are full of nutrients. Local MP-ASI is made from food ingredients that are generally available, cheap and easily obtained by the community. The main impact of this research is to help parents find out about local food ingredients that can be used as MP-ASI so that it can help reduce the risk of toddlers contracting nutritional problems, as well as helping further research for those who carry out relevant research. The type of research is a cross-sectional analytical design which was carried out in August 2024, with a sample size of 117 people, and used a simple random sampling technique. Types of local food ingredients were identified by completing the Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) questionnaire by respondents. Where five groups of local food ingredients are obtained which are processed into MP-ASI, namely two types of food ingredients of class one (grains), two types of food ingredients of class two (tubers), seven types of food ingredients of class three (animals), three types of food in group four (legumes), and thirteen types of food in group five (fruit and vegetables).
Profile of Hafiz and Hafizah in Students of the Faculty of Medicine at University of Muslim Indonesia
Authors: Mappaware Nasrudin Andi , Royani Ida , Mochtar Shulhana , Makmun Armanto , Syamsu Rachmat Faisal , Syahrir Muhammad , Utami Nurfika
Published: February 2025

Hafiz and hafizah in the Qur'an are interpreted as people who keep something good. This research aims to reveal the profile of hafiz and hafizah students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muslim Indonesia. This research is descriptive research with a total sampling design that takes the entire population that meets the sample criteria. The results showed that the data of regional origin of South Sulawesi province had the highest proportion of 73 people (74%). Based on gender, the data obtained from the male gender showed the lowest proportion of 23 people (23%), and the female gender showed the highest proportion of 76 people (77%). Based on the number of memorized juz, the data obtained for the number of memorized 30 juz was the highest proportion of 32 people (32%). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the profile of hafiz and hafizah students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muslim Indonesia, based on the origin of the province with the highest proportion of South Sulawesi province, based on female gender shows the highest proportion, and based on the number of memorized juz, namely 30 juz as the highest proportion.
Anaphylaxis is not Always Synonymous of Allergy – A Recurrent Presentation
Authors: Figueiredo Ana Moura , M. Anjos Mariana , Marques Patrícia , Morais Julieta
Published: February 2025

This case report presents a 9-year-old previously healthy female who experienced recurrent episodes of anaphylaxis
without identifiable triggers. Her initial episode included sudden nighttime awakening, abdominal pain, vomiting,
diarrhea, bilateral plantar itching, followed by a generalized pruritic rash, facial erythema, and labial edema. After
treatment with intramuscular adrenaline, antihistamines, and corticosteroids, the symptoms resolved rapidly. However,
over the next six weeks, she experienced four additional anaphylactic crises with similar gastrointestinal and cutaneous
symptoms, and one episode with respiratory involvement. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated tryptase levels
during crises, suggesting mast cell activation. Extensive allergological and etiological testing, including screening for
clonal mast cell disorders, was negative. A diagnosis of Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) was considered,
supported by her response to mast cell stabilizers, sodium cromoglicate, and ketotifen. This report highlights the
challenges in diagnosing MCAS, particularly in pediatric populations, where its prevalence remains unclear. The case
emphasizes the importance of excluding other potential causes of anaphylaxis and the need for personalized treatment,
which in this case significantly improved the patient's symptoms and quality of life. The patient continues to have a
controlled emotional state, with no further episodes following initiation of preventive therapy.
On the way to understand responsible business - CSV and ESG concepts from employees' perspective
Authors: Lemańczyk Joanna , Kubala Maria
Published: February 2025

The main aim of this article is to explore how employees are aware of and perceive companies' commitment to environmental and social issues through the concepts of Creating Shared Value (CSV) and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG). The authors begin with a critical review of the theoretical background of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Then, they highlight and compare a shift towards the more profit-oriented CSV and ESG concepts. Additionally, the authors examine generational attitudes toward corporate sustainability, focusing primarily on employees' perspectives. The second part of the article presents empirical findings based on qualitative research using focus group interviews. This section clarifies the extent to which employees understand sustainable development. Surprisingly, despite investors' heightened interest in CSV and ESG, employees need to become more familiar with these concepts, being more acquainted with CSR. Moreover, while the literature emphasizes the importance of environmental and social concerns to employees, the results reveal a general skepticism toward businesses claiming social responsibility, particularly when such claims lack concrete evidence. The study also finds that employees prioritize financial factors over sustainable development when making job decisions. This work contributes to the research on sustainable development in the context of human resources.
CHINA’S MARITIME DISPUTES WITH ITS NEIGHBOURS: ANALYSING NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY FOR MARITIME BORDER
Authors: Islam Md Badrul
Published: February 2025

For China’s national security, sea and land boundary relations with its neighbours are essential. The dispute and tension about conflicting assertions of sovereignty in the South China Sea (SCS) and East China Sea (ECS) have significantly escalated in the last 10 years. The SCS and ECS hold considerable geopolitical importance, influencing China’s diplomatic ties with neighbouring nations. China has reinforced its assertion in the SCS based on the nine-dash line, prioritising it as a central emphasis. Additionally, China has constructed military and civilian infrastructure on contested islands and waterways, demonstrating a progressively assertive position regarding its territorial claims. Vietnam, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei claim sovereignty over some parts of the South China Sea, either fully or partially, based on their respective interpretations of historical usage and international law in China’s counterpart. However, China and Japan claim possession of a group of uninhabited islands in the East China Sea (ECS) that they call the Senkaku Islands in Japan and the Diaoyu Islands in China. Thus, China frequently experiences escalating tensions with its neighbouring countries, resulting in military tensions and diplomatic issues. Regarding international waters and borders, China is considering both military and non-military strategies to strengthen its national security. As a result, China’s growing military and global political clout worries some other countries. Therefore, the assertions of sovereignty made by China and its neighbouring countries in the SCS and ECS compel them to acquire both defensive and offensive military capabilities.
BORDERS IN CRISIS: MEXICAN MIGRATION AND U.S. POLICY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Rakhi Sabrina Hasan , Afra Fairoz Maliha , Shanto Md. Saiful Islam , Zohura Fatema-Tuj-
Published: February 2025

The rivalry between China and India is one of South Asia’s most significant geopolitical dynamics, shaping the region’s political, economic, and security landscapes. The China-India rivalry dates back to historical territorial disputes, notably the 1962 Sino-Indian War, which left a legacy of mistrust and competition. The rivalry extends to economic and strategic domains, with both nations vying for South Asian influence. The long-standing border dispute between these countries has further intensified tensions. This ongoing competition manifests in various areas, including infrastructure development, trade, and military presence, impacting the broader regional dynamics. This competition, rooted in historical disputes and contemporary strategic interests, also has significant implications for neighbouring countries. Given the context, this study explores the underlying causes of the hostility between the two Asian powers and the prospects of their relations. It analyses the relationship between China and India in the light of the ‘Balance of Threats’ theory in international politics to understand their strategic behaviour and alliance formation.
THE RAINBOW WARRIOR AFFAIR (NEW ZEALAND V. FRANCE): LESSONS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Authors: Ananna Nazia Afroz
Published: February 2025

“The Rainbow Warrior Affair (New Zealand v. France): Lessons in International Relations” analyses a significant incident that transformed the interplay between state sovereignty, environmental movement, and international law. The 1985 bombing of Greenpeace’s Rainbow Warriors by French intelligence officers in New Zealand, aimed at suppressing protests against French nuclear testing in the Pacific, illustrates the convergence of state security interests with international environmental activism. The event, which led to the murder of a Greenpeace photographer, highlighted the intricate relationship between state-sponsored acts and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) working for global concerns such as environmental preservation. This study presents a comprehensive FIRAC (Fact, Issue, Rule, Application, and Conclusion) analysis to examine the legal, political, and ethical ramifications of the Rainbow Warrior Affair. The incident redefined concepts of sovereignty by enhancing the influence of NGOs as significant entities able to contest governmental policy globally. The article rigorously assesses the deficiencies of international legal frameworks in confronting state-sanctioned violence and breaches of sovereignty while also examining the efficacy of international arbitration processes in ensuring state accountability. The research highlights the case’s lasting significance as a precedent in international relations, especially on the constraints of state sovereignty in the face of global ethical imperatives such as human rights and environmental conservation. This study provides vital insights into the changing equilibrium between state authority and the increasing impact of civil society in global governance by examining the distinctive intersection of state interests, diplomatic immunity, and international values.
The Potential Merits and Risks of Deploying Artificial Intelligence as a Pedagogical Tool for Teacher Education in Kenya
Authors: Sang Hellen Chelangat
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed numerous sectors of the global economy including education. In Kenya for instance, its integration in teacher education has enhanced learning experiences thereby improving pedagogical outcomes and fostering innovation. This study examines the potential risks and benefits of incorporating AI into various facets of teacher education in Kenya. By leveraging AI, teacher education programmes can harness advanced technologies to transform teacher training. Personalised learning powered by AI algorithms allows educators to address their strengths and weaknesses and tailor content and methodologies to their needs. Furthermore, immersive technologies such as virtual and augmented reality enable educators to practice real-world classroom scenarios in a controlled environment. The experience of integrating AI in teacher education in South Korea demonstrates a proven blueprint that Kenya can replicate. Despite the merits of deploying AI in teacher education, there are challenges that its use poses such as ethical concerns and inequitable access to technology among others. This study underscores the importance of strategic planning and stakeholder involvement to ensure AI’s responsible deployment in Kenyan Teacher Education ultimately transforming teaching and learning outcomes across the country.
Analysis of Food Hygiene, Sanitation Hygiene and Safety of Eating Equipment
Authors: Winata Rivaldi Andika , Lemba Lemba , Rahmadita Ninda , Fadhillah Hikmah , Malsyafinanti Syarfina , Marlenywati Marlenywati
Published: February 2025

This study aims to assess food cleanliness, hygiene sanitation, and the safety of eating utensils in the canteens at Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak, specifically those serving buffet-style food. The research uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach to describe the cleanliness and sanitation conditions in five canteens on campus. Data were collected through direct observations, interviews, and observation forms with canteen staff. The results show that most canteens have good levels of cleanliness and sanitation, with 80% of canteens receiving a "Good" rating for food cleanliness, although 20% require improvement. For hygiene sanitation, 40% of canteens received a "Good" rating, but 40% others need improvements, particularly in areas rated as "Poor." The assessment of eating utensil safety shows that most canteens meet good safety standards. However, some canteens, especially Kantin Mas Bian, need to improve utensil storage, as it received a "Does Not Meet Standards" score. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the cleanliness, sanitation, and safety of eating utensils in the canteens at Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak are good, but there is still room for improvement, particularly in sanitation management and utensil storage to support the health and comfort of the campus community.
Physical Education Study Program Students Understanding of Healthy Living
Authors: Prihatmojo Agung , Malasari Citra Azhariat
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the understanding of students in the FKIP UMKO physical education study program about healthy living. This research is a quantitative descriptive research. The method used is a survey with test and measurement techniques. The population in this study were all students of the FKIP UMKO physical education study program. The sample in this research was 48 students of the FKIP UMKO physical education study program class of 2023. The sampling technique is total sampling. The instrument used is a multiple choice test. The analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive statistics with percentages. The results of this research show that the 2023 FKIP UMKO physical education study program students' understanding of healthy living is in the very good category of 32 people or 66.67%, the good category is 10 people or 20.83%, the fair category is 3 people or 6, 25%, the less than 2 people or 4.17%, and the very less than 1 person or 2.08%.
The Role of Work Discipline, Islamic Work Ethics, Compensation in Shaping Job Satisfaction Among Muslim Employees
Authors: Hilman Muhammad Ferizqo , Sekarsari Meidiati
Published: February 2025

This study examines the impact of work discipline, Islamic work ethics, and compensation on the job satisfaction of Muslim employees in Tangerang City. Using a Saturated Sampling method, data were collected via a questionnaire and analyzed using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The findings reveal that work discipline, Islamic work ethics, and compensation each have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. These factors are shown to be highly effective in enhancing job satisfaction among employees. The managerial implications suggest that improving work discipline, fostering Islamic work ethics, and offering fair and competitive compensation can significantly boost job satisfaction. This study contributes by highlighting the importance of these variables in shaping employee satisfaction, specifically within the context of Islamic values. Moreover, the predictive model developed through PLS-SEM offers organizations practical insights into creating fair, consistent policies that align with Islamic principles to enhance workplace satisfaction. These findings underscore the value of integrating ethical and equitable practices to improve the job satisfaction of Muslim employees in Tangerang City.
REVIEW ARTIKEL: GEN SITOKROM YANG MEMPENGARUHI EFEKTIVITAS OBAT KONTRASEPSI DAN BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM (VTE)
Authors: Tamara Aulia , Fibe Yulinda Cesa  , Christina Agustin
Published: February 2025

One cardiovascular condition known as venous thromboembolism (VTE) is believed to be brought on by hormonal medications like oral contraceptives. Women taking oral contraceptives are more likely to develop VTE over the age of 40 due to a genetic predisposition that can trigger the risk from the cytochrome gene. One of the genes associated with VTE and contraception is the CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP1A2, and CYP345 genes. Methods: A quality assessment of the method and risk was conducted using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Instrument after a number of articles collected from Scopus, Crossref, Ebsco, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were selected by the inclusion criteria. Results:Articles or journals on the JBI instrument showed good quality in the number of 10 research particles. From the results of the journal analysis, several cytochrome genes were obtained, namely the CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP1A2, and CYP345 genes. Conclusion: Several types of cytochrome genes that affect oral use as well as VTE. The cytochrome CYP2C19 gene may decrease the effects of clopidogrel. The use of CYP3A4 gene-inducing drugs should be considered at the same time as contraception and it is advisable to use other drug alternatives. Concomitant use of CYP1A2 gene-inducing drugs with contraception should be avoided because they may decrease the contraceptive effect. The use of cyclosporine drugs needs to be monitored because cyclosporine can increase estrogen levels in the liver.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Associated Risk Factors among Medical Students at Jamhuriya University in Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Omar , Nur Fardowsa Ali , Abdi Zaciimo Mohamed , Abdullahi Sabirin Faarah , Sharmake Filzan Mohamud , Mohamud Abdisalaan Mohamed , Guled Bashir Abdirahman
Published: February 2025

Background: Hepatitis is a significant global public health issue, with viral hepatitis types A, B, C, D, and E posing considerable mortality and morbidity risks. The hepatitis B virus (HBV) can lead to serious health complications, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the seroprevalence of HBV and the associated risk factors among medical students in Mogadishu, Somalia, conducted from April to August 2024.
Methods: The study involved 240 medical students. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and potential risk factors were collected using a structured and validated questionnaire. Each participant provided a 3 mL blood sample, which was analyzed for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using the Instant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Kit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results: The seroprevalence of HBsAg among the medical students was found to be 1.3%. Out of the 240 participants, 237 (98.8%) tested negative for HBsAg, while 3 (1.3%) tested positive. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations (p < 0.05) between HBV infection and several risk factors, including non-adherence to universal precautions guidelines, a history of blood transfusion, lack of glove use, and a history of dental procedures involving blood contact.
Conclusion: The HBV infection rate among medical students in Mogadishu, Somalia, is relatively low. However, the study identified several risk factors associated with HBV infection, underscoring the need for enhanced adherence to infection prevention measures. Targeted interventions and control measures are essential to address these identified risk factors in this population.
Pelatihan Literasi Numerasi Anak SD dengan Metode Kolaboratif Meningkatkan Kemampuan Siswa Secara Signifikan
Authors: Hamidah Ida Siti , Purnama Zulfah rizka , Hermin Hermin , Tukan Kristina , Wuwute Jackson
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keefektivitasan metode atau cara kolaboratif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi numerasi siswa di Sekolah Dasar. Literasi dan Numerasi, yang didalamnya mencakup pemahaman dan kemampuan siswa dalam menguasai baca, tulis dan hitung dalam pembelajaran di sekolah. Hal ini menjadi salah satu keterampilan fundamental yang harus dikuasai sejak pembelajaran di SD. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SD YPK Silo Sisir, Distrik Saifi Kabupaten Sorong Selatan dengan melibatkan siswa kelas I sampai kelas VI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode kolaboratif dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan literasi dan numerasi siswa secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan metode pembelajaran konvensional.
Increasing Coal Crushing Production at PT. XYZ Using Lean Six Sigma Approach
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Suparno Suparno
Published: February 2025

Coal is a primary energy source in Indonesia, particularly for steam power plants (PLTU). The coal crushing process at PT. XYZ is a critical stage in coal mining operations; however, the company faces operational challenges that hinder the achievement of production targets. This study aims to identify the main issues, analyze factors affecting productivity, and design effective improvement solutions. The methodology used is DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control). In the Define phase, process mapping and waste identification were conducted. The Measure phase utilized a Pareto diagram to determine key issues. Root cause analysis using the 5 Why's method was performed in the Analyze phase. In the Improve phase, solutions were designed through Future State Mapping, while in the Control phase a Kanban Board for monitoring. The results show that Year-to-Date coal crushing production as of October 2024 reached 9.9 million MT, or 94% of the 10.56 million MT target, representing a 139% increase compared to October 2023, which only reached 7.2 million MT.
The Implementation of Principal’s Academic Supervision in SD Negeri 1 Beti Jaya
Authors: Efriyanti Efriyanti
Published: February 2025

Academic supervision is one of the main tasks and responsibilities of the principal. This study aims to describe the implementation of supervision of the principal of a public elementary school according to the perception of teachers. The study was conducted in Kayu Agung sub-district, Ogan Komering Ilir district, South Sumatra Province by distributing questionnaires to teachers. The research questionnaire used has been validated using the expert judgment technique. Data from the questionnaire were processed quantitatively using the percentage technique. The results of the study showed that the principal of SD Negeri 1 Beti Jaya studied had carried out academic supervision tasks. Of all the tasks, the task of motivating teachers to utilize information technology in learning in each subject is the task with the highest implementation. Conversely, the task with the lowest implementation is understanding the concepts, principles, theories/technologies, characteristics, and development trends of the learning/guidance process for each subject and is in the fourth indicator, namely planning supervision activities with teachers. Thus, the implementation of academic supervision of the principal at SD Negeri 1 Beti Jaya still needs to be improved.
Folklore in contemporary music: Revival of cultural traditions
Authors: Guliyeva Ilaha , Kopanitsa Liubov
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study was to comprehensively analyse and systematise the ways in which contemporary artists and musicians integrate folk motifs into their works. It was found that although modern interpretations of folklore retain the basic melodic structures of traditional compositions, they also introduce significant innovations in arrangement and instrumental design. The study showed that musicians attach new cultural and personal meanings to musical works, reinterpreting folklore narratives in accordance with modern realities. It was also found that thematic motifs and instrumental techniques have changed over time, which indicates a tendency to synthesise old and new musical forms. Modern interpretations of folklore retain the basic melodic structures of traditional compositions, but introduce significant innovations in arrangement and instrumental design. Musicians attach new cultural and personal meanings to musical works, reinterpreting folklore narratives in accordance with modern realities. Thematic motifs and instrumental techniques have undergone changes, which indicates a tendency to synthesise old and new musical forms. The use of folk motifs helps contemporary performers to revive interest in the national musical heritage and effectively interact with a global audience. This approach preserves cultural characteristics and promotes cultural exchange at the international level. Folklore acts as a means of communication and self-expression in the musical art, which unites and helps to rethink cultural boundaries
Secretome Hypoxia-Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate IL-10 Concentrations in STZ-induced Type 1 Diabetes Rats
Authors: Sutrisman Intan Permatasari , Antari Arini Dewi , Putra Agung , Irawan Risky Chandra , Handoyo Frigi Eko
Published: February 2025

Background: Type 1 Diabetic Mellitus (T1DM) is a well-known autoimmune disease that is characterized by a specific adaptative immunity against β-cell antigens. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have emerged as potential immunomodulators in a paracrine manner via their bioactive soluble molecules that involve inflammation-related diseases, including T1DM. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of S-HMSC on regulating IL-10 concentrations in STZ-induced T1DM rats. Materials and Methods: This study uses a post-only control group design and randomized system. To induce T1DM rats, an intraperitoneal injection (65 mg/kg BW) of streptozotocin (STZ) was inducted. 20 Wistar rats were subdivided into the following groups: T1DM, DM with 0,5cc S-HMSC (Low-dose), and DM with 1cc S-HMSC (High-dose). The animals received an intraperitoneal injection of S-HMSC once a week for up to 4 weeks. On day 28, the animals were terminated and IL-10 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results: After S-HMSC administration, the concentration of IL-10 in the treated group was increased in either low-dose or high-dose groups compared with the T1DM group. Conclusion: Administration of secretome-hypoxia MSC may regulate IL-10 concentrations in STZ-induced Type 1 Diabetes Rats.
Upregulation of P53 Gene Expression on Breast Cancer Stem Cells Treated with Trisindoline 5 Compound
Authors: Salsabila Yofinta I , Azhaar Nadia , Fatoni Muhammad , Nurhayati Awik P.D. , Ghaissani Shabrina Syifa , Andifa Vinda Aprilia Nurul , Santoso Mardi , Martak Fahimah
Published: February 2025

Background:  Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the subpopulation of cancer cells that have been demonstrated as the cause of tumor formation. The most common cancer for women and the second leading cause of death in breast cancer. Numerous genes have been involved in breast cancers, including p53. In cancer cells, p53 as well-known as the tumor suppressor gene plays an important role in directing cells with DNA damage into apoptosis. Trisindolines are heterocyclic nitrogen compounds consisting of an isatin core bearing two indole moieties that provide cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Recently research had led to the development of the new modification of trisindoline compound into trisindoline 5. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of trisindoline 5 compounds against p53 gene expression in CSCs MDA-MB-231 in vitro. Methods: CSCs MDA-MB-231 were divided into control and treatment groups which were further analyzed in gene expression using the qPCR Livak method. Results: Based on gene expression analysis, trisindoline 5 increases the expression of p53 in CSCs MDA-MB-231.  Conclusion: This study informed that trisindoline 5 could upregulate the expression of tumor suppressor gene p53 in CSCs MDA-MB-231 in vitro.
The Effect of Hypoxic Mesenchymal Cell Secretome Administration on VEGF Levels In Type 1 Diabetes Rats Model
Authors: Jumena Finanda , Amalina Nur Dina , Dewi Antari Arini
Published: February 2025

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterised by the cessation of insulin production due to pancreatic β-cell damage resulting in an increase in blood glucose. This study aims to analyse the effect of hypoxic secretome MSCs on the angiogenesis process through the observation of VEGF levels in T1DM rats model. The twenty animal model were randomly assigned to four groups: control T1DM, T1DM with HS-MSCs 0.5 mL intraperitoneal treatment (T1), and TIDM with hypoxic secretom mesenchymal stem cells (HS-MSCs) 1 mL intraperitoneal treatment (T2). The T1DM rats model was induced by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 65 mg/kg of body weight. The VEGF levels was analyses under ELISA assay. The results showed that VEGF levels of T1 (68.86±4.78) and T2 (53.83±10.86) groups were significantly upregulated in treatment of HS-MSCs. Taken together, HS-MSCs potentially reduce glucose levels on T1DM through VEGF up-regulation.
Regulatory Effect of Secretome-Hypoxia Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cells on TNF-α Level in Streptozotocin-induced Rats
Authors: Amellia Nazzala Luthfin , Antari Arini Dewi , Nazar Mohammad Ariq , Husain Sofian Azalia , Arifin Naufal Ardjivani
Published: February 2025

Background: Type 1 Diabetic Mellitus (T1DM) is a well-known autoimmune disease characterized by a specific adaptative immunity against β-cell antigens. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have emerged as potential immunomodulators in a paracrine manner via their bioactive soluble molecules that involve inflammation-related diseases, including T1DM. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of SHMSCs on regulating TNF-α concentrations in STZ-induced rats. Materials and Methods: This study uses a post-only control group design and randomized system that was conducted from December 2022 until January 2023. To induce T1DM-like rats, an intraperitoneal injection (65 mg/kg BW) of streptozotocin (STZ) was inducted. 15 male Wistar rats were subdivided into the following groups: STZ, STZ with 0.5 cc SHMSCs (Low-dose), and STZ with 1 cc SHMSCs (High-dose). The animals received an intraperitoneal injection of SHMSCs once a week for up to 4 weeks. On day 28, the animals were terminated and ELISA measured TNF-α concentrations. Results: After SHMSCs administration, the level of TNF-α in the treated group was decreased in either low-dose or high-dose groups compared with the STZ group. Conclusion: Administration of secretome-hypoxia MSCs may regulate TNF-α concentrations in STZ-induced Rats.
Effect of Time Transport on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Surface Markers: Unveiling the Influence of Cellular Translocation on Cellular Phenotype
Authors: Wicaksono Hendi , Prasetio Ardi , Risky Chandra Satria Irawan  , Naufal Ardjivani Arifin
Published: February 2025

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise in regenerative medicine due to their ability to differentiate into multiple cell types and promote tissue repair. However, the effect of transportation time on the surface markers of MSCs remains understudied. This study investigated the impact of transportation time on MSC surface markers, specifically CD73, CD90, CD105, and hematopoietic lineage markers. MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cords and cultured. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed the expression of MSC surface markers. The MSCs were then subjected to simulated transportation for different time periods ranging from 0 to 24 hours at 2-8oC. After transportation, flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression of surface markers. The results showed that prolonged transportation time led to a decrease in the expression levels of CD73, CD90, and CD105, which are important markers for maintaining MSC functionality. Additionally, there was an increase in hematopoietic lineage marker expression. These findings suggest that transportation time can compromise the therapeutic potential of MSCs. Further investigation is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms responsible for the observed changes in surface marker expression. Optimization strategies, such as improved temperature control and protective agents, should be considered to mitigate the negative effects of prolonged transportation time. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of considering transportation time and its impact on MSC surface markers in cellular therapy protocols. Understanding and addressing these effects are crucial for ensuring the quality and effectiveness of MSC-based therapies.
Priming of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Enhanced Interleukin-10 Secretion via Conditioned Medium from Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Prasetio Ardi , Syafitri Luthfiana Mifta , Prabowo Adam , Alif Iffan , Nurichsan Aldan
Published: February 2025

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for their immunomodulatory properties, particularly their ability to secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-10 (IL-10). Enhancing the secretion of IL-10 by MSCs could have significant therapeutic potential for treating inflammatory diseases. Objective: This study aimed to prime the secretion of IL-10 by MSCs through the use of conditioned medium (CM) derived from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods: MSCs were isolated from Wharton’s Jelly and characterized using flow cytometry and differentiation assays. PBMCs were isolated from human blood samples and stimulated with LPS to produce a pro-inflammatory environment. The conditioned medium from these LPS-induced PBMCs was collected and add to MSCs culture medium in 5% and 7.5%. After 24h and 48h incubation, IL-10 secretion by MSCs was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The results demonstrated that MSCs cultured in the conditioned medium from LPS-induced PBMCs showed a significant increase in IL-10 secretion compared to control conditions in 24h exposure, but not significantly different in 48h. Conclusion: The exposure of conditioned medium from LPS-induced PBMCs may effectively enhances the secretion of IL-10 by MSCs.
The Effect of Celery Extract on Caspase-3 and TNF-α Gene Expression in Lead Poisoning-Induced Renal Injury in Rats
Authors: Purwaningsih Hesti , Sumarawati Titiek , Chodidjah Chodidjah , Putra Agung , Priyantini Sri , Fasitasari Minidian , Ibrahim Sugeng , Amalina Nur Dina
Published: February 2025

Background To determine the effect of Apium graveolens L (Celery) extract in the TNF-α and caspase-3 gene expression on the lead poisoning-induced renal injury rats’ model. Methods This study is experimental research with post test only control group design. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n=5). The control group was orally administrated with distillate water. The second group received lead acetate 200mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days, the third group were orally administered lead acetate 200 mg lead acetate/kg body weight and vitamin E 50IU/kg body weight for 14 days. The fourth group was administrated with leas acetate like second group and celery extract 300mg/kg body weight for 14 days. The TNF-a and caspase-3 gene expression was analyses under qRT-PCR. Results The phytochemical analysis of APE indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Leads acetate increased the TNF-α (3.87±0.09) and caspase-3 (7.95±0.23) gene expression. The celery extract was significantly decrease in the   TNF-α (3.13±0.34) and caspase-3 (2.48±1.23) gene expression. Conclusion: In conclusion, the presence of celery extract inhibited the renal injury-induced lead acetate toxicity by inhibition of TNF-α proinflammation protein and caspase-3 proapoptosis protein
When is a Hallucination Not a Hallucination? The Role of Implicit Knowledge in RAG
Authors: Tay Aaron
Published: February 2025

Summary (summarised by Gemini 2.0-exp) We often think of AI-generated 'hallucinations' as blatant errors, but what happens when a RAG system produces information that's factually true but not explicitly stated in its sources?
Klaus Vogel Lecture 2024: The Future of Global Minimum Tax Enforcement
Authors: Grinberg I.
Published: February 2025

In his Klaus Vogel Lecture for 2024, which was given prior to the US elections, Professor Itai Grinberg argues that the OECD’s tax function should return to its origins as a member-driven body and restart member-only meetings of the Committee on Fiscal Affairs, have some member-only meetings regarding Pillar Two and devote a smaller proportion of the OECD’s resources to the Inclusive Framework.
The United States Takes the Lead on Amount B – Will Taxpayers and Other Countries Follow?
Authors: Stevens E.J.
Published: February 2025

The United States became the first BEPS Inclusive Framework member to formally adopt any portion of Pillar One in its domestic law when, in December 2024, the US Internal Revenue Service issued Notice 2025-4 effectively adopting Amount B. The impact of this attempted reassertion of global tax policy leadership will depend on whether and to what extent taxpayers and other jurisdictions follow. Forthcoming IRS regulations on Amount B could incentivize them to do so.
A Critical Review on Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats after Assessment of Sodium Arsenite
Authors: Ajit Kumar  , Keshav Singh  , Anand Pratap Singh  , Sonal Singh  , Prem Sagar  , Shalini Yadav  , Shekhar Biswas  , Sandeep Kumar
Published: February 2025

In toxicological research, hepatotoxicity is a major worry, especially when looking at environmental contaminants like sodium arsenite. The health of people and animals is seriously endangered by sodium arsenite, a very poisonous substance that results from both natural and industrial processes and is found in air, water, and the soil. The hepatotoxic effects of sodium arsenite in Albino rats, a commonly utilized model organism for liver toxicity research, are extensively examined in this paper. With a focus on the consequences for the environment and public health, the paper summarizes previous research findings to clarify the impact of sodium arsenite on hepatic tissue in terms of biochemical, histological, and antioxidant indices. A detailed review of research indicates that sodium arsenite causes notable changes in indicators of liver function. Furthermore, exposure to sodium arsenite has been demonstrated to alter the liver histological architecture, resulting in inflammatory cell infiltration, sinusoidal dilatation, and hepatocyte destruction. The significance of dosage, exposure time, and delivery method in assessing the degree of hepatotoxic effects is also emphasized in this review. The administration methods, oral, intraperitoneal, or inhaled, have a major impact on sodium arsenite distribution and bioavailability, which in turn affects how hazardous it is. In conclusion, a great deal of research in albino rat models has shown that sodium arsenite is a serious hazard to liver health. We can more effectively handle the problems caused by this environmental toxin and protect the health of people and animals by improving our knowledge of sodium arsenite-induced hepatotoxicity.
oscuros orígenes de la policía en España. Los últimos días del absolutismo
Authors: Hinojal Aguado Diego
Published: February 2025

El llamado motín de Esquilache en 1766 precipitó la reforma del sistema policial urbano en la España de Carlos III. Sin embargo, fue en el reinado de Fernando VII, en 1824, cuando tuvo lugar la creación de la Policía General del Reino para todo el Estado, institución que terminó siendo un instrumento más de control político del absolutismo fernandino. Las nuevas instituciones como la Policía, creadas para la erradicación del liberalismo, sustituyeron a la Inquisición por su inoperancia frente a las actividades conspirativas. Desde la restauración absoluta del monarca en octubre de 1823, advertimos ese traspaso de competencias a favor de la Policía en la legislación destinada a la represión del liberalismo. Por dicho motivo, Fernando VII no decidió restituir una institución tan denostada en Europa, a pesar de las presiones del sector apostólico del absolutismo. En consecuencia, tanto liberales como ultrarrealistas consideraron a la nueva policía como una sustituta de la Inquisición, siendo una de las causas, entre las que se encuentran los usos policiales y el fomento de la delación para atrapar a los liberales, que han motivado esa visión tan negativa que nos ha llegado hasta del día de hoy.
La guerra ruso-ucraniana o un conflicto en la semiperiferia. Una breve historia sobre la integración de la estructura de clases del espacio (pos)soviético en el sistema mundo capitalista
Authors: De la Villa Hervás Ismael
Published: February 2025

Más allá de los análisis y aproximaciones académicas al conflicto ruso-ucraniano desde la inmediatez temporal y la limitación espacial, una ampliación del marco epistemológico puede ofrecernos nuevas perspectivas para entender las claves de este proceso. En ese sentido, desde el prisma de los sistemas mundo, este artículo tiene como objetivo adentrarse en la conformación de las relaciones de las estructuras de clase entre los territorios históricos de Rusia y Ucrania en los últimos 150 años, con especial énfasis en el periodo soviético y de transición. La aplicación de conceptos y perspectivas desde este marco hace posible un enfoque alternativo sobre el origen del conflicto y sus futuros posibles desarrollos.
Jorge Lago y Pablo Bustinduy, Política y ficción. Las ideologías en un mundo sin futuro. Ediciones Península, 2024
Authors: Martín Miguel
Published: February 2025

Política y ficción es un ensayo que, coincidiendo con los postulados de la semiótica, parte del principio de que aquello que denominamos como “realidad” es indistinguible de nuestro pensamiento, es decir, de nuestro modo de ordenar y estructurar lo que percibimos según los parámetros que establece la cultura en la que nos hemos educado, nuestras creencias religiosas o la ideología política que profesamos. En ese sentido, como afirman los autores, “[…] no hay un «mundo» por descubrir debajo de nuestras ficciones: todo lo que podemos contemplar son nuestras observaciones y lo que hacemos con ellas” (Lago y Bustinduy, 2024: 20). Esto, en último término, significa que nuestro conocimiento sobre el mundo no se puede desligar del lenguaje con el que describimos y damos sentido a los hechos que en él acontecen y nos obliga a aceptar que, en tanto seres humanos, no estamos capacitados para acceder racionalmente a una hipotética “verdadera realidad” más allá de los textos que producimos, muchos de ellos interpretaciones parciales de lo que sucede y que, como tal, obvian y ocultan deliberadamente la relación entre ciertos significantes y significados.
Prácticas sociales y educación de menores con sensibilidad del procesamiento sensorial
Authors: Martínez-Domínguez Luis Manuel , Porto Pedrosa Leticia
Published: February 2025

Este artículo analiza el interés hacia la producción científica sobre las personas con sensibilidad del procesamiento sensorial (SPS) desde el ámbito social y educativo. Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura (SLR) de 30 artículos publicados de 2004 a 2023, en las bases de datos: ERIC, Dialnet y Google Académico. Se han seguido los criterios de validación de PRISMA. En una sociedad necesitada de soluciones educativas, algunos de los hallazgos reflejan que existe abundante bibliografía no científica en relación con la educación de menores con alta sensibilidad. Sin embargo, el fundamento científico es muy escaso, y, de manera particular, en la población española. Entre las principales conclusiones y la discusión del estudio se constatan múltiples evidencias sobre la necesidad de emprender un modo pedagógico de atención a menores con este tipo de sensibilidad. Se consta la falta de pruebas científicas suficientes para validar metodologías o estrategias educativas específicas.