bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Degradome Components in Progression of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Kakurina Gelena Valer'evna , Kondakova Irina Viktorovna , Choynzonov Evgeniy Lkhamatsyrenovich
Published: January 2016

The process of tumor progression is closely related to the intracellular, extracellular and intramembranous proteolysis. Many studies indicate that the proteases function as part of an extensive multidirectional network of proteolytic interactions. Disturbance of strictly controlled equilibrium of the proteolytic system is described in a number of diseases, including cancer. The paper presents a review of the available data concerning the contribution of intracellular, extracellular and intramembrane proteolysis to the process of squamous cell head and neck carcinoma. Specific mechanisms of interaction of different proteolytic systems in cancer progression both in general and in squamous cell head and neck carcinoma remain underinvestigated. The versatility of functions and complexity of the relationships between proteolytic systems highlights the importance of studying the participation of all degradome components in tumor progression that may clarify the multi-link complex mechanisms of carcinogenesis of squamous cell head and neck carcinoma and to identify markers of progression and/or a targets for therapeutic intervention.
Evaluation of Rational Use of Antibacterial Drugs
Authors: Gaynullina Yuliya Igorevna
Published: January 2016

Backgraund. WHO considers the problem of antimicrobial resistance to be the serious threat to humanity. One approach to solve it is to restrict the use of antimicrobials. This approach implies the implementation of educational programs. Such programmes take much time and money. However, the effectiveness of educational programs is not clear. Aims: determine the effectiveness of educational activities in the field of rationalization of the use of antibacterial drugs. Materials and methods. Two-stage multicenter research on the practice of antibacterial drugs application and the effectiveness of educational programs designed to rationalize antibiotic therapy in Primorsky Territory. Results. It was found that programs aimed only at the training of doctors are ineffective. The frequency of unjustified use of antimicrobials remains high — 72.7% (2002−2003) and 70.4% (2011−2012). Conclusion. To improve the rationality of medical prescriptions (antibacterial drugs) it is necessary to combine educational programs with management measures.
A Multi-Objective Approach for a Multihoming Load Balancing Scheme in WHN
Authors: Lozano-Garzon Carlos , Molina Miguel , Donoso Yezid
Published: January 2016

The telco operators face up to challenges related to the need of ensuring a quality of service to the user in a planning, maintenance and resource allocation in their complex networks. These challenges are directly related with the need to ensure an user’s service with a good level of quality in a highly dynamic environment in terms of changes in the radio access technologies, growth in the number of mobile users, technical requirements of the new services and applications, and the possibility to connect to different networks at the same time, among others. In this paper, we address the problem of the user’s service allocation into the different feasible networks in order to reduce the network overloading. We present a multihoming load balancing scheme that allows the re-allocation of services according to their QoS requirements and the availability of network resources. We propose a multi-objective optimization model of this problem together with an evolutionary algorithm to solve it. Through simulation in different scenarios, we show that our algorithm is efficient, sensitive, scalable and provides optimal solutions.
Reseña del libro: España y el Imperio de Maximiliano. Finanzas, cultura e inmigración, Lida, Clara, comp.
Authors: Meyer Jean
Published: January 2016

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Una transición ambigua: la elección de Pino Suárez en Yucatán (1911)
Authors: Savarino Francisco
Published: January 2016

El artículo muestra una faceta poco conoci­da del proceso de transición política desde el régimen de Porfirio Díaz al de Madero, ca­racterizada por las prácticas para asegurar la consolidación del nuevo poder con la utili­zación de metodos poco "democráticos". Un ejemplo clamoroso fue el proceso electoral para gobernador del estado de Yucatán, rea­lizado en septiembre de 1911, en el cual re­sultó ganador el futuro vicepresidente de Meéxico, Pino Suárez.
Reseña del libro: La república central en México, 1835-1846. Hombres de bien en la época de Santa Anna, Costeloe, Michael P.
Authors: Lau Jaiven Ana
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: La educación privada en México, 1903-1976, Torres Septién, Valentina
Authors: Chaoul Pereyra Ma. Eugenia
Published: January 2016

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Estudio introductorio : ascenso y caída de una loca utopía
Authors: Van Young Eric
Published: January 2016

Este artículo intenta encontrar puntos de acercamiento y hallazgos comunes en los tres artículos que se comentan en esta introducción, más que sintetizarlos. Se han identificado tres ternas para esta discusión: los pacientes de La Castañeda coma subalternos; la historia de La Castañeda como un proyecto
ambicioso de modernización y la relación entre la psiquiatría institucional y el Estado mexicano, ambos antes y después de la revolución de 1910 . Mientras que la historia del Manicomio General nos dice mucho sobre las ideas de modernización en México y las intervenciones exitosas y no exitosas del Estado mexicano en la práctica médica y la psiquiatría, es más difícil distinguir tendencias en la historia cultural, a traves de los expedientes de las pacientes psiquiátricos y el tratamiento del enfermo. Más allá de eso existen límites definitivos y frustrantes para echar luz, por medio de estudios de este tipo, sobre el mundo interno de las pacientes y sabre el significado cultural de su comportarniento dentro de la sociedad mexicana.
Por la salud mental de la nación: vida cotidiana y Estado en el Manicomio General de La Castañeda, México 1910-1930
Authors: Rivera-Garza Cristina
Published: January 2016

Explora las características sobresalientes de la vida cotidiana del Manicomio General de La Castañeda. Se arguye que las rutinas médicas y sociales desarrolladas en el manicomio, muestran el papel fundamental tanto de las visiones del control social, como de las preocupaciones médicas. Confirmando los descubrimientos de la literatura revisionista, el artículo cuestiona la validez de interpretaciones que describían al manicomio únicamente como una institución totalitaria. Se hace hincapié en la relativa debilidad del Estado para establecer políticas de salud pública aun a niveles locales, durante la era posrevolucionaria temprana. En este sentido, el artículo se una a estudios recientes (2001) de la historiografía del México moderno que buscan documentar la formación del estado desde sus raíces más cotidianas.
La Castañeda desde dentro. Entrevista a Margarita Torres Mora, enfermera
Authors: Martínez Mónica
Published: January 2016

A partir de una entrevista de historia oral a una trabajadora del Manicomio General de La Castaneda, se nos revela la práctica de una incipiente enfermería psiquiátrica , la prácti­ca médica como especialidad psiquiátrica, el proceso administrativo de la hospitalización, las relaciones laborales habidas en la época y la vida coridiana dentro de un manicomio, entre orras cosas, a través de la mirada y actuación de una mujer que empíricamente colaboró en el desarrollo de la institucionali­zación de la enfermería psiquiátrica en México.
Reseña del libro: Democracia en tierras indígenas : las elecciones en Los Altos de Chiapas (1991-1998), Viqueira, Juan Pedro ; Sonnleitner, Willibald, coords.
Authors: Guillén Diana
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: Represión política y exterminio del opositor, como estrategia multinacional en América del Sur, Calloni, Stella
Authors: Dutrénit Bielous Silvia
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: El arte de hacer ciudad. Testimonio del arquitecto Mario Pani, Garay, Graciela de
Authors: Altamirano Cozzi Graziella
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: Los fusilados de abril: ¿quién mató a los comunistas de la 20?, Martínez, Virginia
Authors: Buriano Ana
Published: January 2016

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Vecindad y diplomacia : Centroamérica en la política exterior mexicana: 1821-1988
Authors: Simón Ruiz Inmaculada
Published: January 2016

En este artículo se analizan las consecuencias que tuvo la implantación del sistema representativo en el gobierno local. A través de la comparación de los resultados electorales en las elecciones para Ayuntamiento y para Cortes se llega a la conclusión de que el caso poblano difiere del de la ciudad de México, estudiado por Antonio Annino, ya que en la capital los mayores cambios se vivieron en las elecciones para el cabildo, mientras que en Puebla el “espacio eclesiástico e indígena” venció al “espacio burocrático” en las elecciones para Cortes.  El resultado fue el enfrentamiento entre los representantes de ambas instituciones. Dicho enfrentamiento trasciende el marco institucional y el clásico entre criollos y peninsulares en tanto que es sinónimo de la lucha entre centro y periferia,  entre partidarios de la continuidad y defensores del cambio.

 
Estrategias matrimoniales y patrimonio rural en la frontera : Chascomús (provincia de Buenos AiresíArgentina), 1780-1880
Authors: Banzato Guillermo , Quinteros Guillermo O.
Published: January 2016

En este trabajo confluyen parte de los resultados de las investigaciones individuales que cada uno de los autores vienen desarrollando sobre el partido de Chascomús (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina) para el período 1780-1880. Estudiamos la relación entre la conservación del patrimonio rural y las estrategias matrimoniales dentro del grupo de los primeros pobladores del partido, abarcando las últimas décadas del período colonial y el período independiente hasta la consolidación del Estado Argentino. Proponemos establecer que si bien existieron notables ejemplos de que la vigencia de algunas familias en el partido a lo largo de toda la época se relaciona a la conservación de sus propiedades y a las ventajas derivadas de los matrimonios realizados dentro del grupo de propietarios, existieron diversas estrategias que le permitieron aún a las familias que no poseyeron tierras consolidarse en el mismo partido ya sea como productores independientes, como artesanos, o como mano de obra rural.

 

 
La construcción de las ideas sobre la raza en algunos pensadores mexicanos de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Jiménez Marce Rogelio
Published: January 2016

Este artículo analiza el imaginario de algunos pensadores del siglo XIX acerca de la diversidad racial existente en el país. Para los intelectuales liberales era necesario conseguir una homogeneidad racial, la cual era uno de los pasos previos para alcanzar el progreso de México. Ellos pensaban que la homogeneidad se podía lograr por medio de la educación y de la mezcla racial. Es por esta razón que el “mestizo” se convirtió en el representante ideal de la unidad e identidad nacional, pues en él se encontraban fusionados los valores de las razas indígena y española. Así, el mestizo se convirtió en el prototipo ideal del mexicano. 

 
Usos y apropiaciones de un espacio urbano : el Paseo del Zócalo, 1880-1885
Authors: Roca Lourdes , Aguayo Fernando
Published: January 2016

El artículo aborda el tema de los usos sociales del espacio, tomando como ejemplo el zócalo de la ciudad de México en el periodo de 1880 a 1885, en que el Ayuntamiento incrementa las prohibiciones para la realización de cierto tipo de actividades en la plaza y establece cuotas según los usos de que se trate y las posibilidades de remuneración que representen. Con todo y este afán por reglamentar la utilización del espacio y la promoción de las fechas de conmemoración cívica, a través de diversas fuentes como las fotográficas se observa la persistencia por celebrar aquéllas de acuerdo a las tradiciones populares, con los consecuentes usos y apropiaciones del espacio en el  Paseo del Zócalo.

 

 
Reseña del libro: México: el capitalismo nacionalista, González Navarro, Moisés
Authors: Castañeda Carmen
Published: January 2016

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Fotoperiodismo y representaciones del Movimiento Estudiantil de 1968. El caso de El Heraldo de México
Authors: Del Castillo Troncoso Alberto
Published: January 2016

El presente artículo analiza las representaciones fotoperiodísticas del movimiento estudiantil de 1968 publicadas en el diario El Heraldo de México. Dicho análisis constituye una primera aportación a la historiografía del 68 realizada a partir de una historia gráfica que permite estudiar las imágenes de los fotógrafos como parte de una estrategia visual en la que deben considerarse la orientación política e ideológica del periódico en cuestión y su vinculación con el poder.

 

 
Reseña del libro: La escritura de la independencia. El surgimiento de la opinión pública en México, Rojas, Rafael
Authors: Tecuanhuey Sandoval Alicia
Published: January 2016

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Vecindad y diplomacia : Centroamérica en la política exterior mexicana: 1821-1988
Authors: Vailant Alain
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: Mito y profecía en la historia de México, Brading, David A.
Authors: Ortiz Monasterio José
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: Édouard Charton et l´invention du Magasin pittoresque (1833-1870), Aurenche, Marie-Laure
Authors: Suárez de la Torre Laura B.
Published: January 2016

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Ejército y milicia cívica : Fuerzas armadas y pugna de poderes en el primer parlamentarismo mexicano, 1821-1824
Authors: Mosquera Ángeles
Published: January 2016

En 1821 México obtuvo su independencia de la metrópoli y comenzó así su andadura hacia la construcción de un Estado basado, de acuerdo con el Plan de Iguala y los Tratados de Córdoba, en una monarquía parlamentaria que definió la división de poderes pero sin un monarca que ocupar el trono de momento. La unión de los diferentes sectores sociales alrededor del Plan de Iguala pronto se truncó al surgir diferencias entre ellos. Estas diferencias se plasmaron en algunos de los debates surgidos en el seno del primer parlamento mexicano. Las discusiones en torno a la fuerza armada que quería implantarse en el país dieron lugar a uno de los debates en donde más evidente se hizo la pugna por el poder entre las diversas facciones políticas, conflicto que acabaría con la disolución del Congreso decretada por el entonces emperador Agustín de Iturbide.

 

 
Reseña del libro: En cada charro un hermano : la charrería en el estado de Jalisco, Palomar Verea, Cristina
Authors: Fernández Aceves María Teresa
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: La ciudad de México : una historia, Gruzinski, Serge
Authors: Martínez Delgado Gerardo
Published: January 2016

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Una conversación con la profesora Clara Lida
Authors: Salmerón Alicia , Speckman Elisa
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: La tradición del liberalismo doceañista en España y en América, Chust, Manuel ; Frasquet, Ivana, eds.
Authors: Riquer Silvia
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: Las contratas en la ciudad de México. Redes sociales y negocios: el caso de Manuel Barrera (1800-1845), Lau Jaiven, Ana
Authors: Ludlow Leonor
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: México y la OEA : los debates diplomáticos, 1959-1964, Bobadilla González, Leticia
Authors: Toussaint Mónica
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: Mi historia de las mujeres, Perrot, Michelle
Authors: Arce Alejandra E. de
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: , Lawner, Miguel ; Soto, Hernán ; Schatan, Jacobo, eds.
Authors: Yocelevzky R. Ricardo A.
Published: January 2016

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Reseña del libro: Espacios diversos, historia en común, México, Guatemala y Belice : la construcción de una frontera, Castillo, Manuel Ángel ; Toussaint Ribot, Mónica ; Vázquez Olivera, Mario
Authors: Orduña Eva Leticia
Published: January 2016

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El proyecto colonizador de México a finales del siglo XIX. Algunas perspectivas comparativas en Latinoamérica
Authors: Martínez Rodríguez Marcela
Published: January 2016

Durante el siglo XIX en México hubo diversos proyectos de colonización, pero en las dos últimas décadas dichos proyectos consistieron en el establecimiento, por parte del gobierno federal, de núcleos de población nacional o extranjera con carácter de colonos agrícolas. Los objetivos y políticas de este proceso pueden conocerse a través del caso de las colonias agrícolas de italianos establecidas entre 1881 y 1882, un tema no estudiado a profundidad hasta ahora. Por otra parte, existe un paralelismo entre la colonización de México y la de países de Sudamérica. La comparación entre ellos es oportuna pues permite entender las particularidades del caso mexicano y que a pesar de sus diferencias, el común denominador de los proyectos de colonización en dichos países es la ocupación territorial, el poblamiento, desarrollo económico y la mezcla de la población.
Reseña del libro: Mi óbolo a Caronte (Evocación del general Bernardo Reyes), Reyes, Alfonso
Authors: Silberman Ayala Leopoldo
Published: January 2016

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El discurso tradicionalista sobre la maternidad: Excélsior y las madres prolíficas durante el avilacamachismo
Authors: Santillán Martha
Published: January 2016

En el presente artículo se analizan las contribuciones del periódico Excélsior a la construcción de la imagen femenina como sujeto doméstico, en el contexto del gobierno conservador de Manuel Ávila Camacho (1940-1946), a través de la creación de diversos concursos en torno a la maternidad, entre los que destacó de manera especial el de “las madres prolíficas”. En este periodo, las elites dirigentes se dieron a la tarea de establecer el rol ideal femenino vinculado a la maternidad, mediante el cual pretendían controlar el acceso de las mujeres a los diversos espacios públicos y,        acotar su campo de acción a la vida del hogar. En este sentido el diario sirvió como instrumento ideologizante para promover el rumbo que tomarían las políticas de género de los gobiernos en México a partir de la década de los cuarenta. A través del presente estudio sobre la prensa, podemos constatar que existió un expreso interés por parte de los grupos hegemónicos por limitar en los planos ideológicos y culturales la realización de las mexicanas al ámbito doméstico, y consolidar como eje constituyente de la identidad nacional, la idea de la familia tradicional
Martín Aguilar, Movimientos sociales y democracia en México, 1982-1998. Una perspectiva regional
Authors: Tamayo Sergio
Published: January 2016

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Sobre la portada
Authors: Pardo Hernández Claudia Patricia
Published: January 2016

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Luis Miguel Donatello, Catolicismo y montoneros. Religión, política y desencanto
Authors: Cornelis Stella M.
Published: January 2016

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Sobre la Portada
Authors: Altamirano Cozzi Graziella
Published: January 2016

Artículo que describe y analisa la iimagen de la portada del número 82
La enseñanza de la historia como objeto de investigación
Authors: Plá Sebastián
Published: January 2016

En la historia, en cuanto saber disciplinar, existeuna lógica binaria entre la investigación y laenseñanza que ubica a la segunda en una posiciónmarginal con respecto a la primera, a pesarde que ambas son prácticas constitutivas delquehacer del historiador. Este posicionamientojerárquico reduce a la enseñanza de la historia auna transmisión simple del saber de los investigadoreshacia amplios sectores de la población,por lo que se considera normalmente uncampo infértil para la investigación. El presenteartículo tiene la finalidad de romper con estalógica para demostrar la riqueza y complejidadde la enseñanza de la historia como campo deinvestigación. Para esto se discuten conceptoscomo didáctica de la historia, docencia de lahistoria, educación histórica y enseñanza dela historia. Asimismo, se trata de definir el lugarfronterizo entre disciplinas que ocupan la enseñanzade la historia, así como señalar algunosproblemas metodológicos y teóricosque nos permitan comprender mejor los procesosde construcción de significados sobre elpasado dentro de la escuela.
Acerca del aprendizaje y la conformación político-institucional nacional. Una relectura de la "Confederación" argentina (1852-1862)
Authors: Lanteri Ana Laura
Published: January 2016

Se realiza una relectura de la "Confederación" argentina (1852-1862) desde una perspectiva soslayada por los estudios específicos del periodo. Se focaliza en la convergencia de las dinámicas nacional y provincial para explicar la conformación del orden político. Se afirma que, en el hiato entre lo proyectado y lo realizado, un proceso de aprendizaje y de conformación político-institucional nacional se inició por entonces y se consolidó en las décadas siguientes. Se privilegia al Congreso como la institución desde la que se observa la problemática, en tanto ámbito de conformación de la dirigencia nacional y de la institucionalidad estatal. Pero la indagación lo trasciende, al considerarse el accionar  y  la interacción de los legisladores y del poder ejecutivo nacional y la respuesta de las elites políticas provinciales a las disposiciones allí tomadas.
Antonio Caso: un cristiano sin iglesia
Authors: Mora Muro Jesús Iván
Published: January 2016

El artículo aborda el pensamiento cristiano de Antonio Caso como una religiosidad opositora al catolicismo en México. Este cristianismo conjugado con las ideas liberales y algunas filosofías de la primera mitad del siglo xx, como el personalismo y el intuicionismo, dieron como resultado una fe apartada de la institucionalidad defendida por la Iglesia. Se destaca la pervivencia del cristianismo ante el proceso secularizador en uno de los miembros más representativos del Ateneo de la Juventud y de la intelectualidad mexicana en el siglo pasado.
La extracción y exportación del palo de tinte a manos de colonos extranjeros. El caso de la B. Anizan y Cía.
Authors: Villegas Pascale , Torres Rosa
Published: January 2016

Durante el siglo XIX, los barcos de vela queentraban a los puertos del Carmen y de Campeche cargaban en sus bodegas un abanico deproductos provenientes de Europa y de Estados Unidos y salían con una única mercancía: el palo de tinte. El caso de la B. Anizan y Cía.,dirigida por dos hermanos franceses, es particularmente ilustrativo de cómo extranjeros llegaron a construir un inmenso y a la vez efímero emporio comercial a través de la extracción y exportación del palo de tinte; pero ¿lograrían insertarse exitosamente a la elite regional del momento? A partir de una búsqueda de fuentes en archivos judiciales, civiles y hemerográficos, el presente artículo se propone aportar elementos sobre la construcción de redes sociales alrededor de la actividad comercial tintórea en la región de los Ríos en el transcurso delsiglo XIX.
El Grupo Fundamental de un Grupo que Actúa en un Espacio Topológico
Authors: Maldonado Bryan , Skukalek John
Published: January 2016

En 1966, F. Rhodes introdujo la idea del grupo fundamental de un grupo G de homeomorfismos de un espacio topológico X. Su artículo contiene demostraciones que resumen los resultados importantes y ha sido estudiado desde entonces, principalmente debido a que la categoría de grupo de transformación es más general que la categoría de los espacios topológicos. En este artículo, un estudio a fondo del trabajo de Rhodes se presenta con ejemplos para enriquecer la teoría. El Dr. James Montaldi de la Universidad de Manchester ha contribuido recientemente a esta teoría con una forma más general y aplicable del teorema principal de Rhodes. Sus resultados también se analizan aquí.
Ampliaciones del rango de distribución de algunas especies de anfibios y reptiles en elsuroccidente de Ecuador
Authors: Yánez-Muñoz Mario H. , Sánchez L. Juan Carlos , López Karem , Rea S. Edison , Meza-Ramos Paúl A. , Oyagata C. Luis A. , Guerrero Paúl
Published: January 2016

Presentamos nuevas localidades para cuatro especies de anfibios y reptiles en áreas piemontanas y altoandinas en la provincia de El Oro, suroccidente de Ecuador. Estos registros expanden significativamente los rangos de distribución globales de Nymphargus buenaventura, Gastrotheca lateonata, Anolis lyra y Pliocercus euryzonus.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Reactive Power/Voltage Control of Power System
Authors: Sheng Gehao , Tu Guangyu , Luo Yi
Published: January 2016

As one of the important constituents of power system automation, reactive power/voltage control possesses inherent characteristics of complexity, nonlinearity, inaccuracy and high requirement for control speed, parts of which are hard to be described by the traditional mathematical models or to be realized by routine control methods. The artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have intelligence feature which traditional method does not bear, so special attentions are paid to the application of AI techniques in reactive voltage control and a lot of results in this field are obtained. In this paper the main results and methods of applying the AI techniques, such as Expert System (ES), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Fuzzy Theory (FT), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Multi-Agent System (MAS), etc., to reactive voltage control in power systems are summarized, the respective application features of these techniques are analyzed and compared and some problems to be solved are pointed out.
Analysis on Current Situation and Present Development of Intelligent Transport System Traffic
Authors: Bao Xiaodong
Published: January 2016

This article introduces the constitution of intelligent transport system and the development of intelligent transport system in home and abroad. At the same time it analyzes the current situation development and suggestion of intelligent transport system in national.
The Present Value of Future Generations: Prioritizing Public Spending for Sustainable Development
Authors: E. Chebly Juan
Published: January 2016

The purpose of this work is to explore how global public finance prioritization, looking especially at global military spending and defense budgets, in search for a more efficient approach to better deal with the opportunity costs between defense and development. Changing the status quo and business-as-usual approaches to public spending can guarantee resources are re-directed to successfully achieve the sustainable development goals by 2030. The underlying question on how we are going to finance sustainable development still remains. ‘Status quo’ and ‘business-as-usual’ approaches have called the SDGs as an ambitious to-do-list that will be practically unachievable. The main argument behind this approach: the SDGs are too many, too ambitious, and more importantly too expensive to be achieved by the year 2030. This works aims to show evidence that financing the SDGs boils down to proper spending prioritization. There is a funneling of the required 90 billion USD per year from the public sector in order to achieve the UN Agenda 2030. While we as humanity seem to agree on ‘the what’ needs to be done, by agreeing on SDGs agreed by the UN General Assembly in September 2015, there is still a big question mark on ‘the how’ are we to implement the sustainable development agenda. This work shows an original answer to this question.
Accounting For The Benefits Of Database Normalization
Authors: Wang Ting J. (T.J.) , Du Hui , Lehmann Constance M.
Published: January 2016

This paper proposes a teaching approach to reinforce accounting students’ understanding of the concept of database normalization. Unlike a conceptual approach shown in most of the AIS textbooks, this approach involves with calculations and reconciliations with which accounting students are familiar because the methods are frequently used in accounting courses. The approach gives students the opportunity to justify the changes made to database structure during the database normalization process in terms of its efficiency and effectiveness. Further, the justification will help students realize and understand the purpose and benefits of database normalization. Instructors can easily adopt this approach to any of their own exercises used to cover database normalization concept.
Does Human Capital Theory Explain The Value Of Higher Education? A South African Case Study
Authors: Van der Merwe Alex
Published: January 2016

A perennial debate in the economics of education is whether human capital or screening/signalling theories best explain the value of schooling and hence the private demand for, in particular, higher education. Human capital theory proposes that formal training such as that offered by higher education institutions improves the productive capacity of individuals. Screening theory, on the other hand, posits that the value of higher education credentials flows primarily from their value as signals to potential employers of the abilities of the holders of such qualifications. Following the application of Wiles’ (1974) test and regression analysis this case study finds that it is probable that both human capital and screening theories account for the economic value of higher education in the perceptions and experiences of a local cohort of recent Durban University of Technology graduates. This finding, in spite of its empirical support, relies on a certain amount of intuition necessitated by technical and analytical constraints that are discussed in the paper.
Some relations in non-symmetric affine connection spaces with regard to a special almost geodesic mappings of the third type
Authors: Stankovic Mica , Vesic Nenad
Published: January 2016

We investigate two kinds of special almost geodesic mappings of the third
type in this paper. We also find some relations for curvature tensors of
almost geodesic mappings of the third type.
Teaching foreign languages in soviet and present-day Russia: A comparison of two systems
Authors: Ivanova Victoria , Tivyaeva Irina
Published: January 2016

The paper explores recent changes in standards, forms and practices of
teaching foreign languages in the present-day Russia against the system that
existed in the Soviet period. A combination of theoretical and empirical
methods and research practices are used to demonstrate that the changes were
for the best, although most of them were not results of well-balanced state
policy meeting new education goals. The research suggests that the current
boom in learning foreign languages in Russia is mostly due to the new
political, ideological, social and economic climate in the country. The
nature and extent of influence produced by external factors on the course
content, goals, expected results, teaching methods and resources are further
discussed.
Young female students and the motivation dimensions for parenthood
Authors: Solesa-Grijak Djurdja , Fazlagic Anida
Published: January 2016

The goal of this paper is establishing whether there is a difference in the
motivation for parenthood of the female students, regarding the turn of
birth. The research has been done on a convenient sample consisting of 106
female students at the State university of Novi Pazar. In the research, the
parenthood Motivation scale has been used. The results have demonstrated that
the motivation for parenthood is mostly instrumental and least narcistic with
these students. The results of the testing, significance and difference in
the motivation for parenthood regarding the turn of birth have demonstrated
that, statistically speaking, there is a significant difference in general
and instrumental motivation between the first born and the second born.
Namely, this dimension is more expressed with the second born questionees
[t(82)=-2.446; p<.05]. It has also been demonstrated that the second born
questionees have a stronger desire for a child in order to prove oneself,
which eventually ascertaines the results of the descriptive analysis of
instrumental motivation for parenthood. The research has shown that the
female students mostly reduce the motivation for parenthood to its
instrumentalization and their desire to have a child to a value of children
as they themselves percieve it.
Radical Classes Closed Under Products
Authors: Gardner Barry
Published: January 2016

This is a survey of what is known about Kurosh-Amitsur radical classes which are closed under direct products. Associative rings, groups, abelian groups, abelian ℓ-groups and modules are treated. We have attempted to account for all published results relevant to this topic. Many or most of these were not, as published, expressed in radical theoretic terms, but have consequences for radical theory which we point out. A fruitful source of results and examples is the notion of slenderness for abelian groups together with its several variants for other structures. We also present a few new results, including examples and a demonstration that e-varieties of regular rings are product closed radical classes of associative rings.
The effect of sleep on motor learning in the aging and stroke population – a systematic review
Authors: Backhaus W. , Kempe S. , Hummel F.C.
Published: January 2016

There is extensive evidence for positive effects of sleep on motor learning in young individuals; however, the effects of sleep on motor learning in people with stroke and in healthy older individuals are not well understood. The aim of this systematic review was to quantify the association between sleep and procedural memory performance - a marker for motor learning - in healthy older people and people with stroke. After searches in PubMed, Medline and Embase fourteen studies, including 44 subjects after stroke and 339 healthy older participants were included. Overall, sleep was found to enhance motor performance in people after stroke in comparison to an equivalent time of wakefulness. In addition, although evidence is limited, sleep only enhanced motor performance in people after stroke and not in age-matched healthy older adults. In older adults the effect of a sleep intervention did – in general - not differ from equivalent periods of wakefulness. Tasks with whole hand or whole body movements could show significant changes. The results suggest a delayed retention effect after longer breaks including sleep, hinting towards a changed learning strategy as a result of aging. Current evidence for sleep dependent learning in people after stroke is promising, however sparse.
Cross-Modal Re-Organization in Clinical Populations with Hearing Loss
Authors: Sharma Anu , Glick Hannah
Published: January 2016

We review evidence for cross-modal cortical re-organization in clinical populations with hearing loss. Cross-modal plasticity refers to the ability for an intact sensory modality (e.g., vision or somatosensation) to recruit cortical brain regions from a deprived sensory modality (e.g., audition) to carry out sensory processing. We describe evidence for cross-modal changes in hearing loss across the age-spectrum and across different degrees of hearing impairment, including children with profound, bilateral deafness with cochlear implants, single-sided deafness before and after cochlear implantation, and adults with early-stage, mild-moderate, age-related hearing loss. Understanding cross-modal plasticity in the context of auditory deprivation, and the potential for reversal of these changes following intervention, may be vital in directing intervention and rehabilitation options for clinical populations with hearing loss.
A Large Scale Daylighting System Based on a Stepped Thickness Waveguide
Authors: Vu Ngoc , Shin Seoyong
Published: January 2016

This paper presents a study on the use of optical fiber and a solar concentrator for a building daylighting system. Daylighting is essential for improving indoor environments and reducing electric lighting power consumption in office buildings. Traditionally, optical fiber daylighting systems were implemented only on a small scale. More complicated technologies are required for more amounts of daylight over further distance via a smaller light guider. The proposed solar lighting system with optical fiber is composed of an array of linear Fresnel lenses and a stepped thickness waveguide. The linear Fresnel lenses collect light into the stepped thickness waveguide. The stepped-thickness waveguide is an optical component which redirects focused sunlight from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, and it guides light to the attached optical fiber. Simulation models were developed using commercial optical simulation tools (LightTools™). The optical efficiency and angular tolerance of the system are analyzed. The overall system cost is also estimated. Some considerations on the economic expansion of the system in terms of efficiency and estimated annual average energy saving are discussed. The results show that the presented optical fiber daylighting system is a strong candidate for low-price and highly efficient solution for solar energy application to building energy savings.
Assessing the Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts of Artisanal Gold Mining on the Livelihoods of Communities in the Tarkwa Nsuaem Municipality in Ghana
Authors: Obiri Samuel , Mattah Precious , Mattah Memuna , Armah Frederick , Osae Shiloh , Adu-kumi Sam , Yeboah Philip
Published: January 2016

Gold mining has played an important role in Ghana’s economy, however the negative environmental and socio-economic effects on the host communities associated with gold mining have overshadowed these economic gains. It is within this context that this paper assessed in an integrated manner the environmental and socio-economic impacts of artisanal gold mining in the Tarkwa Nsuaem Municipality from a natural and social science perspective. The natural science group collected 200 random samples on bi-weekly basis between January to October 2013 from water bodies in the study area for analysis in line with methods outlined by the American Water Works Association, while the social science team interviewed 250 residents randomly selected for interviews on socio-economic issues associated with mining. Data from the socio-economic survey was analyzed using logistic regression with SPSS version 17. The results of the natural science investigation revealed that the levels of heavy metals in water samples from the study area in most cases exceeded GS 175-1/WHO permissible guideline values, which are in tandem with the results of inhabitants’ perceptions of water quality survey (as 83% of the respondents are of the view that water bodies in the study area are polluted). This calls for cost-benefits analysis of mining before new mining leases are granted by the relevant authorities.
Factors Associated with Complete Home Smoking Ban among Chinese Parents of Young Children
Authors: Huang Kaiyong , Chen Hailian , Liao Jing , Nong Guangmin , Yang Li , Winickoff Jonathan , Zhang Zhiyong , Abdullah Abu
Published: January 2016

(1) Background: The home environment is a major source of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) exposure among children especially in early childhood. ETS exposure is an important health risk among children and can cause severe and chronic diseases, such as asthma, bronchitis, and premature death. However, ETS exposure at home has often been neglected in the Chinese families. Identification of factors that facilitate or otherwise hamper the adoption of home smoking ban will help in the design and implementation of evidence-based intervention programs. This study identifies factors correlated with home smoking bans in Chinese families with children. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional survey of parents living in Nanning city, Guangxi Province, China with at least one smoker and a child in the household was conducted between September, 2013 and January, 2014. A Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables differences between the parents who had home smoking bans and those with no home smoking ban. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors correlated with home smoking bans. (3) Results: 969 completed questionnaires were collected with a response rate of 92.29% (969/1050). Of the respondents (n = 969), 14.34% had complete home smoking bans. Factors that were associated with home smoking bans were: having no other smokers in the family (OR = 2.173), attaining education up to high school (OR = 2.471), believing that paternal smoking would increase the risk of lower respiratory tract illnesses (OR = 2.755), perceiving the fact that smoking cigarettes in the presence of the child will hurt the child’s health (OR = 1.547), believing that adopting a no smoking policy at home is very important (OR = 2.816), and being confident to prevent others to smoke at home (OR = 1.950). Additionally, parents who perceived difficulty in adopting a no smoking policy at home would not have a home smoking ban (OR = 0.523). (4) Conclusions: A home smoking ban is not widely adopted by families of hospitalized children in Guangxi Province, China. To protect the health of children, there is a need to develop and test interventions to promote home smoking bans. Factors identified as predictors of home smoking ban should be considered in the design of interventions.
Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Neurotrophic Factor-Induced Protection in the MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease-Lessons from Transgenic Mice
Authors: Machado Venissa , Zöller Tanja , Attaai Abdelraheim , Spittau Björn
Published: January 2016

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by histopathological and biochemical manifestations such as loss of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons and decrease in dopamine levels accompanied by a concomitant neuroinflammatory response in the affected brain regions. Over the past decades, the use of toxin-based animal models has been crucial to elucidate disease pathophysiology, and to develop therapeutic approaches aimed to alleviate its motor symptoms. Analyses of transgenic mice deficient for cytokines, chemokine as well as neurotrophic factors and their respective receptors in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of PD have broadened the current knowledge of neuroinflammation and neurotrophic support. Here, we provide a comprehensive review that summarises the contribution of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in MPTP-induced neurodegeneration. Moreover, we highlight the contribution of neurotrophic factors as endogenous and/or exogenous molecules to slow the progression of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons and further discuss the potential of combined therapeutic approaches employing neuroinflammation modifying agents and neurotrophic factors.
Identification and Characterization of MicroRNAs in Snakehead Fish Cell Line upon Snakehead Fish Vesiculovirus Infection
Authors: Liu Xiaodan , Tu Jiagang , Yuan Junfa , Liu Xueqin , Zhao Lijuan , Dawar Farman , Khattak Muhammad , Hegazy Abeer , Chen Nan , Vakharia Vikram , Lin Li
Published: January 2016

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in mediating multiple biological processes in eukaryotes and are being increasingly studied to evaluate their roles associated with cellular changes following viral infection. Snakehead fish Vesiculovirus (SHVV) has caused mass mortality in snakehead fish during the past few years. To identify specific miRNAs involved in SHVV infection, we performed microRNA deep sequencing on a snakehead fish cell line (SSN-1) with or without SHVV infection. A total of 205 known miRNAs were identified when they were aligned with the known zebrafish miRNAs, and nine novel miRNAs were identified using MiRDeep2 software. Eighteen and 143 of the 205 known miRNAs were differentially expressed at three and 24 h post-infection (poi), respectively. From the differentially-expressed miRNAs, five were randomly selected to validate their expression profiles using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and their expression profiles were consistent with the microRNA sequencing results. In addition, the target gene prediction of the SHVV genome was performed for the differentially-expressed host miRNAs, and a total of 10 and 58 differentially-expressed miRNAs were predicted to bind to the SHVV genome at three and 24 h poi, respectively. The effects of three selected miRNAs (miR-130-5p, miR-214 and miR-216b) on SHVV multiplication were evaluated using their mimics and inhibitors via qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The results showed that all three miRNAs were able to inhibit the multiplication of SHVV; whereas the mechanisms underlying the SHVV multiplication inhibited by the specific miRNAs need to be further characterized in the future.
Response to Ponamgi et al. Comments on Khalighi et al. Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: A Long Term Follow-up Shows Benefit with Risk Factor Reduction. J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis., 2015, 2, 273–281.
Authors: Farooq Mohammad , Khalighi Koroush
Published: January 2016

We appreciate the thorough response given by Ponagmi et al. [1], who rightly point out that the pathophysiology and modifiable risk factors of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TC) have yet to be unequivocally established. [...]
Revisiting the Characterization of the Losses in Piezoelectric Materials from Impedance Spectroscopy at Resonance
Authors: González Amador , García Álvaro , Benavente-Peces César , Pardo Lorena
Published: January 2016

Electronic devices using the piezoelectric effect contain piezoelectric materials: often crystals, but in many cases poled ferroelectric ceramics (piezoceramics), polymers or composites. On the one hand, these materials exhibit non-negligible losses, not only dielectric, but also mechanical and piezoelectric. In this work, we made simulations of the effect of the three types of losses in piezoelectric materials on the impedance spectrum at the resonance. We analyze independently each type of loss and show the differences among them. On the other hand, electrical and electronic engineers include piezoelectric sensors in electrical circuits to build devices and need electrical models of the sensor element. Frequently, material scientists and engineers use different languages, and the characteristic material coefficients do not have a straightforward translation to those specific electrical circuit components. To connect both fields of study, we propose the use of accurate methods of characterization from impedance measurements at electromechanical resonance that lead to determination of all types of losses, as an alternative to current standards. We introduce a simplified equivalent circuit model with electrical parameters that account for piezoceramic losses needed for the modeling and design of industrial applications.
Potential of Electrospun Nanofibers for Biomedical and Dental Applications
Authors: Zafar Muhammad , Najeeb Shariq , Khurshid Zohaib , Vazirzadeh Masoud , Zohaib Sana , Najeeb Bilal , Sefat Farshid
Published: January 2016

Electrospinning is a versatile technique that has gained popularity for various biomedical applications in recent years. Electrospinning is being used for fabricating nanofibers for various biomedical and dental applications such as tooth regeneration, wound healing and prevention of dental caries. Electrospun materials have the benefits of unique properties for instance, high surface area to volume ratio, enhanced cellular interactions, protein absorption to facilitate binding sites for cell receptors. Extensive research has been conducted to explore the potential of electrospun nanofibers for repair and regeneration of various dental and oral tissues including dental pulp, dentin, periodontal tissues, oral mucosa and skeletal tissues. However, there are a few limitations of electrospinning hindering the progress of these materials to practical or clinical applications. In terms of biomaterials aspects, the better understanding of controlled fabrication, properties and functioning of electrospun materials is required to overcome the limitations. More in vivo studies are definitely required to evaluate the biocompatibility of electrospun scaffolds. Furthermore, mechanical properties of such scaffolds should be enhanced so that they resist mechanical stresses during tissue regeneration applications. The objective of this article is to review the current progress of electrospun nanofibers for biomedical and dental applications. In addition, various aspects of electrospun materials in relation to potential dental applications have been discussed.