bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Electrical and Thermoelectric Properties of N Ion Implanted SrTiO3 Thin Films and Their Conduction Mechanisms
Authors: Bhogra Anuradha , Masarrat Anha , Meena Ramcharan , Hasina Dilruba , Bala Manju , Dong Chung-Li , Chen Chi-Liang , Som Tapobrata , Kumar Ashish , Kandasami Asokan
Published: October 2019

The SrTiO3 thin films were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. Subsequently ion implantation with 60 keV N ions at two different fluences 1 × 1016 and 5 × 1016 ions/cm2 and followed by annealing was carried out. Thin films were then characterized for electronic structure, morphology and transport properties. X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals the local distortion of TiO6 octahedra and introduction of oxygen vacancies due to N implantation. The electrical and thermoelectric properties of these films were measured as a function of temperature to understand the conduction and scattering mechanisms. It is observed that the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient (S) of these films are significantly enhanced for higher N ion fluence. The temperature dependent electrical resistivity has been analysed in the temperature range of 80–400 K, using various conduction mechanisms and fitted with band conduction, near neighbour hopping (NNH) and variable range hopping (VRH) models. It is revealed that the band conduction mechanism dominates at high temperature regime and in low temperature regime, there is a crossover between NNH and VRH. The S has been analysed using the relaxation time approximation model and dispersive transport mechanism in the temperature range of 300–400 K. Due to improvement in electrical conductivity and thermopower, the power factor is enhanced to 15 µWm−1 K−2 at 400 K at the higher ion fluence which is in the order of ten times higher as compared to the pristine films. This study suggests that ion beam can be used as an effective technique to selectively alter the electrical transport properties of oxide thermoelectric materials.
Vulnerability to climate change of islands worldwide and its impact on the tree of life
Authors: Veron Simon , Mouchet Maud , Govaerts Rafaël , Haevermans Thomas , Pellens Roseli
Published: October 2019

Island systems are among the most vulnerable to climate change, which is predicted to induce shifts in temperature, rainfall and/or sea levels. Our aim was: (i) to map the relative vulnerability of islands to each of these threats from climate change on a worldwide scale; (ii) to estimate how island vulnerability would impact phylogenetic diversity. We focused on monocotyledons, a major group of flowering plants that includes taxa of important economic value such as palms, grasses, bananas, taro. Islands that were vulnerable to climate change were found at all latitudes, e.g. in Australia, Indonesia, the Caribbean, Pacific countries, the United States, although they were more common near the equator. The loss of highly vulnerable islands would lead to relatively low absolute loss of plant phylogenetic diversity. However, these losses tended to be higher than expected by chance alone even in some highly vulnerable insular systems. This suggests the possible collapse of deep and long branches in vulnerable islands. Measuring the vulnerability of each island is a first step towards a risk analysis to identify where the impacts of climate change are the most likely and what may be their consequences on biodiversity.
Author Correction: Selective HDAC6 inhibitors improve anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy by decreasing the anti-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages and down-regulation of immunosuppressive proteins in tumor cells
Authors: Knox Tessa , Sahakian Eva , Banik Debarati , Hadley Melissa , Palmer Erica , Noonepalle Satish , Kim Jennifer , Powers John , Gracia-Hernandez Maria , Oliveira Vasco , Cheng Fengdong , Chen Jie , Barinka Cyril , Pinilla-Ibarz Javier , Lee Norman H. , Kozikowski Alan , Villagra Alejandro
Published: October 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Differential presentation of a single antimicrobial peptide is sufficient to identify LPS from distinct bacterial samples
Authors: Reichart Timothy M. , Uzarski Joshua R. , Mello Charlene M.
Published: October 2019

Site-specific immobilization of an antimicrobial peptide permits the sensing and identification of lipopolysaccharide samples from a range of Gram-negative bacteria.
Spray-inlet microwave plasma torch and low temperature plasma ionization for ambient mass spectrometry of agrochemicals
Authors: Wang Yaliang , Xu Li , Zhu Hui , Dong Junguo , Cheng Ping , Zhou Zhen
Published: October 2019

The unique ionization characteristics of plasma can be used in multimodal ion sources, which have expanded plasma-based ambient ionization mass spectrometry rapidly to accommodate a range of analytical applications.
Selective and sensitive fluorescence “turn-on” detection of 4-thiouridine in nucleic acidsviaoxidative amination
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Shang Jiachen , Qin Zichen , Tong Aijun , Xiang Yu
Published: October 2019

A fluorescence “turn-on” method for digestion-free analysis of 4-thiouridine (s4U) in nucleic acids was developed in this work based on the oxidative amination of s4U by fluoresceinamine (FAM-NH2) and periodate (IO4−).
Selective electroreduction of dinitrogen to ammonia on a molecular iron phthalocyanine/O-MWCNT catalyst under ambient conditions
Authors: Xu Fanfan , Zhang Linlin , Ding Xin , Cong Meiyu , Jin Yu , Chen Lin , Gao Yan
Published: October 2019

Effective catalysts with sufficient activity and selectivity are essential for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR).
Porous functionalized MOF self-evolution promoting molecule encapsulation and Hg2+ removal
Authors: Shao Zhichao , Yu Caixia , Xie Qiong , Wu Qiong , Zhao Yujie , Hou Hongwei
Published: October 2019

Porous functionalized MOF self-evolution has successfully improved the Hg2+ removal performance and implemented dye molecule encapsulation.
A novel coordination polymer based on a new multidentate ligand: synthesis, structure and properties
Authors: He Yuan-Chun , Zhang Jie , Xiao Li-Yuan , Yuan Zi-Han , Yu Yang , Wang Yan , Zhu Kunlei , Kan Wei-Qiu
Published: October 2019

We have synthesized a new CP [CuL(H2O)] and investigated its electrochemical performance as an anode material in lithium ion batteries.
Correction: The Chatt reaction: conventional routes to homoleptic arenemetalates of d-block elements
Authors: Ellis John E.
Published: October 2019

Correction for ‘The Chatt reaction: conventional routes to homoleptic arenemetalates of d-block elements’ by John E. Ellis et al., Dalton Trans., 2019, 48, 9538–9563.
Isoflavones enhance the plasma cholesterol-lowering activity of 7S protein in hypercholesterolemic hamsters
Authors: Liu Yuwei , Yang Juan , Lei Lin , Wang Lijun , Wang Xiaobo , Ma Ka Ying , Yang Xiaoquan , Chen Zhen-Yu
Published: October 2019

Effect of isoflavones and soybean 7S protein on plasma cholesterol.
Glycosaminoglycan from Apostichopus japonicus inhibits hepatic glucose production via activating Akt/FoxO1 and inhibiting PKA/CREB signaling pathways in insulin resistant hepatocytes
Authors: Chen Yunmei , Liu Huimin , Wang Yuanhong , Yang Shuang , Yu Mingming , Jiang Tingfu , Lv Zhihua
Published: October 2019

AHG-induced activation of the Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway and inhibition of the PKA/CREB signaling pathway regulated the expression of gluconeogenesis rate-limiting enzymes G6Pase and PEPCK, thus inhibiting HGP in insulin resistant hepatocytes.
Inhibitory effects of cranberry polyphenol and volatile extracts on nitric oxide production in LPS activated RAW 264.7 macrophages
Authors: Moore Katie , Howard Luke , Brownmiller Cindi , Gu Inah , Lee Sun-Ok , Mauromoustakos Andy
Published: October 2019

Cranberry volatiles have received little attention for health-promoting properties.
Coordination chemistry of gold with N-phosphine oxide-substituted imidazolylidenes (POxIms)
Authors: Branzi Lorenzo , Baron Marco , Armelao Lidia , Rancan Marzio , Sgarbossa Paolo , Graiff Claudia , Pöthig Alexander , Biffis Andrea
Published: October 2019

Diverse gold complexes are found to be accessible with the title ligands, which exhibit peculiar structural features and promising catalytic performances.
A γ-cyclodextrin-based metal–organic framework embedded with graphene quantum dots and modified with PEGMA via SI-ATRP for anticancer drug delivery and therapy
Authors: Jia Qiaojuan , Li Zhenzhen , Guo Chuanpan , Huang Xiaoyu , Song Yingpan , Zhou Nan , Wang Minghua , Zhang Zhihong , He Linghao , Du Miao
Published: October 2019

A biocompatible γ-CD-MOF based DDS with high drug loading and full drug release was prepared and effective tumor growth inhibition was achieved in vivo.
Tunable fluorescence emission of molecules with controllable positions within the metallic nanogap between gold nanorods and a gold film
Authors: Wang Huayu , Lin Yu , Ma Pingzhun , Zhong Ying , Liu Haitao
Published: October 2019

The measured spontaneous decay rate of Nile blue molecules with controllable positions in a metallic nanogap.
Three-dimensional self-similar super-repellent films for underwater display and wettability switching
Authors: Liu Maolin , Luo Yuanfang , Jia Demin
Published: October 2019

A robust, self-similar super-repellent film with pattern manipulation and erasion healing features for underwater display and wettability switching has been fabricated.
Image sorting via a reduction in travelling salesman problem
Authors: Markaki Smaragda , Panagiotakis Costas , Lasthiotaki Dimitra
Published: October 2019

The authors define and approximately solve the problem of unsupervised image sorting that is considered as a kind of content‐based image clustering. The content‐based image sorting is the creation of a route that passes through all the images once, in such an order that the next one from the previous image has similar content. In the end, an image ordering (e.g. slideshow) is automatically produced, so that the images with similar content should be close to each other. This problem resembles the problem known in the literature as ‘travelling salesman problem’ (TSP). In this work, the authors have proposed two classes of methods (the nearest‐neighbour and genetic methods) that have also been applied on the TSP problem. Their benefits on computational efficiency and accuracy are discussed over six datasets that have been created from the GHIM‐10K dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods efficiently solve the image sorting problem, producing image sequences that almost agree with human intuition.
Adversarial auto‐encoder for unsupervised deep domain adaptation
Authors: Shao Rui , Lan Xiangyuan
Published: October 2019

Unsupervised visual domain adaptation aims to train a classifier that works well on a target domain given labelled source samples and unlabelled target samples. The key issue in unsupervised visual domain adaptation is how to do the feature alignment between source and target domains. Inspired by the adversarial learning in generative adversarial networks, this study proposes a novel adversarial auto‐encoder for unsupervised deep domain adaptation. This method incorporates the auto‐encoder with the adversarial learning so that the domain similarity and reconstruction information from the decoder can be exploited to facilitate the adversarial domain adaptation in the encoder. Extensive experiments on various visual recognition tasks show that the proposed method performs favourably against or better than competitive state‐of‐the‐art methods.
XNORCONV: CNNs accelerator implemented on FPGA using a hybrid CNNs structure and an inter‐layer pipeline method
Authors: Zhang Lin , Bu Xiaokang , Li Bing
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become a research hotspot because of their high performance in computer vision and pattern recognition. However, as the high energy consumption of traditional graphic processing units‐based CNNs, it is difficult to deploy them into portable devices. To deal with this problem, a hybrid CNN structure (XNORCONV) was proposed and implemented on field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) in this study. Two improvements have been applied in XNORCONV. Firstly, the multiplications in the convolutional layer (CONV) were replaced by XNOR operations to save the multiplier and reduce computational complexity. Secondly, an inter‐layer pipeline was designed to further accelerate the calculation. XNORCONV was implemented on Xilinx Zynq‐7000 xc7z020clg400‐1 under the clock frequency of 150 MHz and tested with MNIST dataset. The results of the experiment show that XNORCONV can classify each picture from MNIST in , and achieve 98.4% recognition accuracy. Compared with traditional Lenet‐5 on different platforms, XNORCONV reduced multiplication by 85.6% with only 0.4% accuracy loss.
Effect of the solar wind density on the evolution of normal and inverse coronal mass ejections
Authors: Hosteaux S. , Chané E. , Poedts S.
Published: October 2019

Context. The evolution of magnetised coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their interaction with the background solar wind leading to deflection, deformation, and erosion is still largely unclear as there is very little observational data available. Even so, this evolution is very important for the geo-effectiveness of CMEs.

Aims. We investigate the evolution of both normal and inverse CMEs ejected at different initial velocities, and observe the effect of the background wind density and their magnetic polarity on their evolution up to 1 AU.

Methods. We performed 2.5D (axisymmetric) simulations by solving the magnetohydrodynamic equations on a radially stretched grid, employing a block-based adaptive mesh refinement scheme based on a density threshold to achieve high resolution following the evolution of the magnetic clouds and the leading bow shocks. All the simulations discussed in the present paper were performed using the same initial grid and numerical methods.

Results. The polarity of the internal magnetic field of the CME has a substantial effect on its propagation velocity and on its deformation and erosion during its evolution towards Earth. We quantified the effects of the polarity of the internal magnetic field of the CMEs and of the density of the background solar wind on the arrival times of the shock front and the magnetic cloud. We determined the positions and propagation velocities of the magnetic clouds and thus also the stand-off distance of the leading shock fronts (i.e. the thickness of the magnetic sheath region) and the deformation and erosion of the magnetic clouds during their evolution from the Sun to the Earth. Inverse CMEs were found to be faster than normal CMEs ejected in the same initial conditions, but with smaller stand-off distances. They also have a higher magnetic cloud length, opening angle, and mass. Synthetic satellite time series showed that the shock magnitude is not affected by the polarity of the CME. However, the density peak of the magnetic cloud is dependent on the polarity and, in case of inverse CMEs, also on the background wind density. The magnitude of the z-component of the magnetic field was not influenced by either the polarity or the wind density.
Opening wedge phalangeal osteotomy for correction of Wassel type IV-D thumb duplication
Authors: Wang Kun , Ai Fangxin , Zhou Pan , Liu Zhiwei , Chen Zhenbing , Chen Jianghai
Published: October 2019

Background Thumb duplication is one of common anomalies of the hand. Among of Wassel type IV subtypes, type IV-D duplication with a zigzag deformity is most challenging for reconstructing. Several factors may affect the surgical outcomes. This study aimed to present an opening wedge osteotomy at proximal phalangeal neck for treating type IV-D duplication.

Methods Data from 14 patients are presented in this study. Eight patients had duplication of the right thumb, and six left thumb. After removal of radial supernumerary thumb, a snug collateral ligament was repaired to correct angular deformity of metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP). Angular deformity of the interphalangeal (IP) joint was corrected by an opening wedge osteotomy at the proximal phalangeal neck. A wedge bone from ablated thumb was grafted to correct the malalignment. IP joint was further stabilized by plication of the ulnar capsule. The relocation of radial part of FPL to the center of distal phalangeal base by use of pull-out suture technique

Results After surgery, the angulations of the IP joints and the MCP joints were improved. Bone union was observed in all patients. According to the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand evaluation form, twelve cases were rated good, 2 cases fair. Stability of IP and MCP joints was good in all cases. The active ROM of IP was less in residual thumb than in normal thumb. Small nails were observed in some patients.

Conclusions Although the reconstructed thumbs were smaller than normal counterparts, they were aligned and with stable joints. The opening wedge osteotomy at proximal phalangeal neck could improve realignment of IP joint and prevent reoccurrence of deformity over time.
Nr. 1 und 11 für bewegliche Stabilität
Authors: Dichtl Karoline
Published: October 2019

Das Bindegewebe wird in verschiedenen Lebenssituationen besonders beansprucht, zum Beispiel in der Schwangerschaft, im Wachstum, bei Abbauprozessen oder bei starker körperlicher Belastung. Ein Mangel der Mineralstoffe Calcium fluoratum und Silicea wirkt sich unter anderem auf die Elastizität und Stabilität des Bindegewebes aus, was verschiedene Folgen wie Dehnungsstreifen, Spreizfüße oder Gebärmutter- und Blasensenkung haben kann. Die Schüßler-Salze Nr. 1 (Calcium fluoratum) und Nr. 11 (Silicea) können bedarfsgerecht bei gleichzeitig ausreichender Aufnahme der Mineralstoffe über die Ernährung oder Supplemente prophylaktisch oder therapeutisch eingesetzt werden.
Medizinische Behandlungsmethoden: Was macht sie medizinisch notwendig? Teil II: Weitere Kriterien, Übermaßverbot, wandernde Grenzen und Grauzonen
Authors: Raspe Heiner , Friedrich Daniel R. , Harney Anke , Huster Stefan , Schoene-Seifert Bettina
Published: October 2019

Ziel der Studie „Medizinische Notwendigkeit“ (MedN) ist ein unscharfer Begriff. Ziel unseres Projekts ist es, ihn zwischen Medizinethik, Sozialrecht und Sozialmedizin so zu konkretisieren, dass er sich für die Versorgungssteuerung v. a. im Bereich der GKV eignet. In Teil I unseres Textes identifizierten wir Wirksamkeit, (Netto)Nutzen und die entsprechenden Evidenzlagen als obligatorische Kriterien von MedN. Hier folgt Teil II mit Überlegungen zu weiteren Kriterien.

Methodik Siehe Teil I

Ergebnisse (Teil II): Als weitere MedN-Kriterien zur Beurteilung medizinischer Methoden diskutieren wir kritisch deren Praxisbewährung, Nutznießer, theoretische Grundlagen, Alternativlosigkeit und Kosten sowie Eigenverantwortung, Mitwirkung und Präferenzen der Patienten. MedN hat Unter- und Obergrenzen und muss sich auch mit verschiedenen Fallkonstellationen der Überbehandlung (u. a. infolge schleichender Indikationsausweitung oder ökonomisch getriebener Medikalisierung) auseinandersetzen.

Schlussfolgerungen Die weiter genannten Kriterien können die MedN einer Methode weder begründen noch verändern. Ist eine Methode im Licht der 3 obligatorischen Kriterien nicht notwendig, dann wird sie es nicht durch die Erfüllung einzelner oder aller weiteren genannten. Ist sie andererseits schon medn, dann wird sie durch weitere Kriterien nicht „mehr oder weniger notwendig“. In Teil I haben wir MedN als dichotomes Konzept bestimmt. Dennoch sind wir überzeugt, dass nicht alle medn Methoden gleich wichtig sind. Wollte man innerhalb des MedN-Bereichs Methoden nach medizinischer Relevanz unterscheiden, könnte man auf Techniken zur Priorisierung in der medizinischen Versorgung zurückzugreifen.
Sozialmedizinische Beurteilung der entzündlich-rheumatischen Gelenkkrankheiten
Authors: Keysser Peter , Rahmeh Bassam , Meurer Thomas
Published: October 2019

Die Gruppe der entzündlich-rheumatischen Gelenkerkrankungen bzw. der entzündlich-rheumatischen Systemerkrankungen, die die Gelenke mitbetreffen können, umfasst über 400 verschiedene Krankheitsbilder. In der sozialmedizinischen Leistungsbeurteilung spielt naturgemäß die Ausprägung der Gelenkschädigungen eine wichtige Rolle. Allerdings muss auch die sogenannte entzündliche Aktivität beachtet werden, die zu einer allgemeinen Leistungsminderung führen kann. Im Falle von sogenannter „Organbeteiligung“ (z. B. Augen, Haut, Innere Organe) kann dies zu Auswirkungen auf das Leistungsvermögen führen. Des Weiteren spielen äußere Einflüsse, wie Klimafaktoren, Schichtarbeit etc. eine Rolle in der Beurteilung. Letztlich muss bei jedem Patienten im Einzelfall die Gesamtbeurteilung des Leistungsvermögens all diese Faktoren berücksichtigen.
Die Versorgung Angehöriger von Menschen mit Suchtproblemen in
Bayern
Authors: Härtl Sabine , Sleczka Pawel , Erbas Beate , Buchner Ursula Gisela
Published: October 2019

Ziel Angehörige von Menschen mit Suchtproblemen sind mit
gesundheitlichen, sozialen und emotionalen Belastungen konfrontiert. Jedoch
liegen für Bayern keine Daten zu ihrer Versorgung im ambulanten
Suchthilfesystem vor, weshalb die vorliegende Studie Anhaltspunkte zum Status
quo der Angehörigenversorgung in Bayern erhebt. Zudem werden Ressourcen
in der Angehörigenarbeit identifiziert und Optimierungspotenziale
abgeleitet.

Methodik Onlinegestützte Befragung von Mitarbeitenden der
bayerischen Suchtberatungsstellen im September und Oktober 2016
(n=158)

Ergebnisse Primär nahmen Sozialpädagoginnen und
Sozialpädagogen an der Befragung teil (78%). Die
Angehörigenberatung umfasste in den meisten Einrichtungen (58%)
maximal ein Fünftel an allen Beratungen. Am häufigsten wurden
die (Ehe-)Partnerinnen und (Ehe-)Partner sowie Eltern von Menschen mit
Suchtproblemen beraten. Die beratenen Angehörigen waren meist zwischen
41 und 50 Jahre alt (54%). In den Bereichen Glücksspiel,
Computer/Internet und Alkohol wird mehr Angehörigenarbeit
relativ zu allen Beratungen geleistet als bei illegalen Drogen/NPS und
Medikamenten. Die Belastung der Angehörigen wurde mit einem Mittelwert
von 86% auf einer Skala von 0–100% eingeschätzt.
Systemische und psychoedukative Konzepte, Ansätze der
Co-Abhängigkeit sowie Angehörigengruppen wurden am
häufigsten in der Praxis umgesetzt.

Schlussfolgerungen Es besteht Bedarf in Forschung und Versorgung
hinsichtlich bisher wenig oder nicht erreichter Gruppen von Angehörigen,
bspw. Kindern. Die Definition von Angehörigen als eigene Zielgruppe, die
Vernetzung mit anderen Institutionen sowie die Bereitstellung eines
praxisrelevanten, evidenzbasierten sowie themen- und zielgruppenspezifischen
Fortbildungsangebotes sind hierfür zielführend.
Begutachtung der Osteoporose und osteoporotischer Frakturen
Authors: Maus Uwe , Maier Gerrit Steffen , Schultz Katharina , Peters Klaus M. , Niedhart Christopher
Published: October 2019

Osteoporose ist eine Erkrankung mit einer verminderten Knochenmasse und Knochenstruktur. Das Frakturrisiko für atraumatische Frakturen ist in Abhängigkeit der Schwere der Erkrankung erhöht. Für den ärztlichen Gutachter stellt die Beurteilung einer osteoporotischen Fraktur eine Herausforderung dar, da in den verschiedenen Versicherungssystemen unterschiedliche Bewertungen hinsichtlich Mitwirkung, Vorinvalidität und Kausalität bestehen. Neben der Klärung der Begrifflichkeiten in der gesetzlichen und privaten Unfallversicherung spielt die Beurteilung der Erkrankung mit klinischen, radiologischen und osteodensitometrischen Parametern eine Rolle. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Begutachtung der Osteoporose in der gesetzlichen und privaten Unfallversicherung dargestellt und Möglichkeiten zu deren gutachterlichen Beurteilung aufgezeigt.
Should We Use Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) for the Characterization of Nonpalpable Testicular Lesions? An Analysis from a Cost-Effectiveness Perspective
Authors: Rübenthaler Johannes , Kim Su Hwan , Kunz Wolfgang G. , Sommer Wieland H. , Trottmann Matthias , Clevert Dirk-André , Froelich Matthias Frank
Published: October 2019

Purpose Accurate characterization of testicular lesions is crucial to allow for correct treatment of malignant tumors and to avoid unnecessary procedures in benign ones. In recent years, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) proved to be superior in specifying the dignity of small, nonpalpable testicular lesions (< 1.5 cm) compared to native B-mode and color Doppler ultrasound which were previously regarded as the primary imaging method. However, the cost-effectiveness of CEUS has not been evaluated yet. The aim of this study was to analyze the cost-effectiveness of CEUS as compared to unenhanced ultrasound for the characterization of nonpalpable testicular lesions.

Methods A decision model based on Markov simulations estimated lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) associated with unenhanced ultrasound and CEUS. Model input parameters were obtained from recent literature. Deterministic sensitivity analysis of diagnostic parameters and costs was performed. Also, probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte-Carlo Modelling was applied. The willingness-to-pay (WTP) was set to $100 000/QALY.

Results In the base-case scenario, unenhanced ultrasound resulted in total costs of $5113.14 and an expected effectiveness of 8.29 QALYs, whereas CEUS resulted in total costs of $4397.77 with 8.35 QALYs. Therefore, the unenhanced ultrasound strategy was dominated by CEUS in the base-case scenario. Sensitivity analysis showed CEUS to be the cost-effective alternative along a broad range of costs.

Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a cost-effective imaging method for the characterization of nonpalpable testicular lesions.
Terminalia ferdinandiana Fruit and Leaf Extracts Inhibit Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Growth
Authors: Cheesman Matthew J. , White Alan , Matthews Ben , Cock Ian E.
Published: October 2019

The development of multiple antibiotic–resistant bacteria has vastly depleted our repertoire of effective antibiotic chemotherapies. The development of multi-β-lactam-resistant strains are particularly concerning due to our previous reliance on this class of antibiotics because of their initial efficacy and broad-spectrum activity. With increases in extended-spectrum β-lactam-resistance and an expanded resistance to other classes of antibiotics, there is an urgent need for the development of effective new antibiotic therapies. Terminalia ferdinandiana is an endemic Australian plant known for its high antioxidant and tannin contents. T. ferdinandiana fruit and leaf extracts have strong antibacterial activity against a wide variety of bacterial pathogens. However, T. ferdinandiana extracts have not been tested against ESBL and MRSA antibiotic-resistant pathogens. An objective of this study was to screen T. ferdinandiana fruit and leaf extracts for bacterial growth inhibitory activity by disc diffusion assay against β-lactam-sensitive and -resistant E. coli strains and against methicillin-sensitive and -resistant S. aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was quantified by liquid dilution techniques. The fruit methanolic extract, as well as the methanolic, aqueous, and ethyl acetate leaf extracts strongly inhibited the growth of the MRSA, with MICs as low as 223 µg/mL. In contrast, the extracts were ineffective inhibitors of ESBL growth. Metabolomic fingerprint analysis identified a diversity and relative abundance of tannins, flavonoids, and terpenoids, several of which have been reported to inhibit MRSA growth in isolation. All extracts were nontoxic in the Artemia nauplii and HDF toxicity assays, further indicating their potential for medicinal use.
DMSO-Mediated Synthesis of Methylene-Bridged Unsymmetrical Bisamides in the Presence of AcOH
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhou Dongheng , Ma Yongmin , Chen Jing
Published: October 2019

A simple and efficient procedure for the synthesis of N-[(methylthio)methyl]benzamides and methylene-bridged unsymmetrical bisamides was achieved mediated by DMSO in the presence of acetic acid. DMSO plays a dual role in the transformation, as not only a solvent, but also an environmentally benign methylene source. The protocol provides new strategies for effective synthesis of unsymmetrical bisamides and avoids the use of transition-metal catalysts.
Synthesis of (–)-Bulgecinine and 5-epi-Bulgecinine through Proline-Catalysed Asymmetric α-Hydroxylation of an Aldehyde Derived from l-Glutamic Acid
Authors: Jain Vipin Kumar , Kumar Mrityunjay
Published: October 2019

A very efficient synthetic route to (–)-bulgecinine and 5-epibulgecinine from an aldehyde derived from l-glutamic acid is reported. Proline-catalysed asymmetric α-hydroxylation reaction of an aldehyde is the key step in this synthesis, which is used to incorporate a hydroxyl group at the α-position to that aldehyde in good yield and with very high diastereoselectivity. Both (–)-bulgecinine and 5-epi-bulgecinine are synthesised from the same olefin via epoxidation followed by BF3·OEt2-catalyzed intramolecular cyclisation. This synthetic route can easily be extended for the synthesis of the enantiomer and other isomers of bulgecinine starting from an aldehyde derived from d-glutamic acid.
A General Synthesis of Benzoazepinoindoles – A New Class of Heterocycles
Authors: Dobrowolski Jeremy C. , Nguyen Duyen H.T. , Fraser Benjamin H. , Bhadbhade Mohan , Black David StC. , Kumar Naresh
Published: October 2019

A new class of heterocyclic compounds, namely the benzoazepinoindolones, has been synthesised through a base-catalysed cyclisation reaction of 1,4-bis(2-aminophenyl)-2-phenylbutane-1,4-dione derivatives and features the prominent seven-membered azepine ring moiety. This synthesis has considerable scope for the rapid generation of more complex structures and is inexpensive and generally applicable.
Subacute Arsenic Neuropathy: Clinical and Electrophysiological Observations
Authors: Valappil Ashraf V. , Mammen Abraham
Published: October 2019

We report a patient who developed subacute peripheral neuropathy following ingestion of a traditional medicine for obesity. A 9-year-old girl who had a residual equinus varus deformity and sphincter disturbance due to pelvic ganglioneuroma presented with subacute sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy of 2 weeks duration. Her symptoms started 3 weeks after she started taking a locally made traditional medicine for obesity. She had no other systemic features of arsenic toxicity. She had Mee's lines on her nails and high serum arsenic levels and 24-hour urine levels confirmed the diagnosis of arsenic neuropathy. Nerve conduction study on admission demonstrated axonal sensorimotor neuropathy with slowed conduction velocity. She was not given any specific treatment and recovery was slow. At 18 months, she showed complete recovery and electrodiagnostic parameters returned to normal values. Arsenic is a known ingredient of many Indian ethnic remedies and possibility of arsenic neuropathy should be thought of in patients presenting with acute or sub-acute peripheral neuropathy of unknown etiology.
Avaliação da concordância interobservador no diagnóstico de lesões do anel pélvico posterior usando radiografia simples
Authors: Comerlatto Leonardo , Batista Alberto Braun , Concatto Natália Henz , Ungaretti Neto Ary da Silva , Gonçalves Ramiro Zilles
Published: October 2019

Objetivo Avaliar a concordância interobservador de radiologista, dois ortopedistas especialistas em quadril com experiência no tratamento de fraturas da pelve e acetábulo, dois ortopedistas gerais, dois residentes de ortopedia, e dois residentes de radiologia no diagnóstico de lesões do anel pélvico posterior usando radiografia simples.

Método Estudo transversal, realizado em setembro de 2017. Foram selecionados retrospectivamente e de modo aleatório exames de 20 pacientes atendidos previamente com lesões traumáticas do anel pélvico posterior. Nove examinadores de diferentes áreas médicas avaliaram as radiografias simples de bacia, que foram comparadas com a tomografia computadorizada, considerada critério confirmatório de diagnóstico. A concordância interobservador foi analisada pelo teste de Kappa (κ), e com intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%).

Resultados Foram encontradas pela tomografia computadorizada 28 lesões (23%; IC95%: 16–32%) em todos os casos avaliados. A concordância interobservador entre a radiografia simples e a tomografia computadorizada foi moderada nos médicos com mais experiência: o radiologista (κ  = 0,461; IC95%: 0,270–0,652), os especialistas em quadril 1 e 2 (κ  = 0,534; IC95%: 0,348–0,721; e κ  = 0,431; IC95%: 0,235–0,627, respectivamente), e os ortopedistas gerais 1 e 2 (κ  = 0,497; IC95%: 0,307–0,686; e κ  = 0,449; IC95%: 0,254–0,645, respectivamente). Já com relação aos residentes de ortopedia e radiologia, a concordância interobservador foi considerada fraca. Nos diagnósticos de todos os examinadores, foram encontrados altos valores falso-negativos, principalmente nas fraturas da região posterior do ilíaco e nas fraturas do sacro.

Conclusão Profissionais com mais experiência na área apresentam melhor capacidade de identificação de lesões do anel pélvico posterior por radiografia simples; porém, salienta-se que a radiografia simples de pelve esteve suscetível a avaliações falso-negativas da parte de todos os profissionais estudados.
Diabetes and the Vestibular System
Authors: Piker Erin G. , Romero Daniel J.
Published: October 2019

Falls are among the most injurious, costly, and feared conditions affecting older adults. Patients with diabetes have a significantly greater risk for falling due to complications affecting the sensory systems required for balance: vision, proprioception, and vestibular. The effects of diabetes mellitus on the vestibular system are perhaps the least understood of these systems. The vestibular system is complex, includes multiple structures, and is difficult and expensive to thoroughly assess. There is pathophysiologic evidence suggesting a direct effect of diabetes mellitus complications on the vestibular system, but there is limited clinical evidence regarding which specific vestibular structures are most adversely affected. Nevertheless, large population-based studies show that patients with diabetes are more likely to have vestibular loss, have a high prevalence of a specific vestibular disorder called benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, and are at a greater risk for falling. Based on the available evidence, a balance screening and an evaluation of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, a common but easy to treat pathology, in patients with diabetes is recommended as well as counseling on falls risk and home modifications.
Epidemiology of Diabetes and Hearing Loss
Authors: Baiduc Rachael R. , Helzner Elizabeth P.
Published: October 2019

Hearing loss is a highly prevalent chronic condition. In addition to age, sex, noise exposure, and genetic predisposition, cardiovascular disease and its antecedents may precipitate hearing loss. Of emerging interest is the connection between diabetes and auditory dysfunction. Cross-sectional studies consistently suggest that prevalence of hearing loss is higher in persons with diabetes compared with those without diabetes, especially among younger persons. Furthermore, longitudinal studies have demonstrated higher incidence of hearing loss in persons with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. These findings seem to hold for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, although considerably more population-based evidence is available for type 2 diabetes. Data on gestational diabetes and hearing outcomes are limited, as are data relating diabetes to otologic sequelae such as fungal infection. Here, we examine evidence from epidemiologic studies of diabetes and hearing loss and consider clinical and laboratory data where population-based data are lacking.
Leadership: Als Führungskraft erfolgreich sein und bleiben
Authors: Napp Barbara
Published: October 2019

Mitarbeiter, die kündigen, verlassen nicht das Unternehmen, sie verlassen die Führungskraft. So heißt es in vielen Leadershipseminaren. Von Motivation ist die Rede, vom Auftreten als Vorbild und dem Erkennen der Mitarbeiterbedürfnisse. Dabei soll die Führungskraft durch ihre Fachlichkeit, Persönlichkeit, Authentizität, Integrität und Sensibilität die Mitarbeiter loyal begleiten, leiten und sie dadurch binden.
Gematik: Zuschlag für TI vergeben – weiterhin Unsicherheiten wegen E-Health-Konnektoren
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: October 2019

Die Arvato Systems GmbH hat erneut den Zuschlag bei der Ausschreibung der Telematik-Infrastruktur (TI) gewonnen und wird als alleiniger Anbieter auch in den kommenden acht Jahren die TI betreiben. Bei den dezentralen Komponenten wie den Konnektoren gibt es hingegen immer noch Probleme.
Rechtskolumne: Überweisungsbefugnis hängt vom konkreten Bedarf ab
Authors: Haser Isabel
Published: October 2019

Das Landessozialgericht Nordrhein-Westfalen (LSG NRW) hat am 14. November 2018 entschieden, dass der Umfang der Überweisungsbefugnis eines ermächtigten Krankenhausarztes vom konkreten Überweisungsbedarf abhängig ist (L 11 KA 50/17). Damit folgt das LSG NRW dem Berufungsausschuss, der die Überweisungsbefugnis eines ermächtigten Krankenhausarztes eingeschränkt hatte.
Krankenhaus trifft klimaschutz: Effizienz, die sich gleich doppelt rechnet
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: October 2019

Kliniken zählen zu den größten Energieschleudern in Deutschland. Ein Klinikbett verbraucht pro Jahr im Durchschnitt so viel Energie wie vier neuere Einfamilienhäuser. Doch auch Krankenhäuser können das Klima schützen. Das Schöne daran: Sie verbessern damit nicht nur ihre Energie bilanz, sondern auch ihr Budget und die Patientenversorgung.
Leadership 4.0: Modern Führen: Wie die Führungskräfte von morgen ticken
Authors: Heifc Tanja
Published: October 2019

Bei der Berufswahl entscheiden sich immer weniger junge Menschen für eine Ausbildung oder ein Studium im Gesundheitswesen. Explizit Krankenhäuser, Senioren- und Pflegeheime sind so unattraktiv als Arbeitgeber wie nie. Höchste Zeit, die Vorurteile über die jeweils andere Generation abzulegen, die eigene Haltung zu hinterfragen und zu handeln.
Arzneimitteltherapiesicherheit: Fertige Oralspritzen aus der Klinikapotheke
Authors: Schultze Florey Maria , Harterich Steffen , Spahl Sonja , Baehr Michael
Published: October 2019

Das Erfolgskonzept der Unit-Dose-Versorgung als Baustein einer sicheren Arzneimitteltherapie hat sich auch in der Pädiatrie bewährt. Jetzt gehen Kinder-UKE und Klinikapotheke des UKE noch einen Schritt weiter: Sie integrieren zusätzlich Säfte und Tropfen in die patientenindividuelle Arzneimittelversorgung.
IT-Standards: Schmiermittel im Datenfluss
Authors: Buchholz Ralf
Published: October 2019

Nicht nur Daten sind ständig im Fluss. Auch die Standards, die dafür sorgen, dass die Daten zwischen verschiedenen Informationssystemen nicht ins Stocken geraten, sind einem steten Wandel unterworfen. Zu den wichtigsten für den Austausch medizinischer Daten gehören DICOM, HL7, FHIR und IHE.
Time-dependent polynomials with one multiple root and new solvable dynamical systems
Authors: Bihun Oksana
Published: October 2019

A time-dependent monic polynomial in the z variable with N distinct roots such that exactly one root has multiplicity m¯≥2 is considered. For k = 1, 2, the kth derivatives of the N roots are expressed in terms of the derivatives of order j ≤ k of the first N coefficients of the polynomial and of the derivatives of order j ≤ k − 1 of the roots themselves. These relations are utilized to construct new classes of algebraically solvable first order systems of ordinary differential equations as well as N-body problems. Multiple examples of solvable isochronous (all solutions are periodic with the same period) 2- and 3-body problems are provided.
Effect of (Cu/Fe)O5 bipyramid size and separation on magnetic and dielectric properties of rare earth layered perovskite LaBaCuFeO5 and LuBaCuFeO5
Authors: Lal Surender , Yadav C. S. , Mukherjee K.
Published: October 2019

We report structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties of layered perovskite materials LnBaCuFeO5 (Ln = La and Lu). LaBaCuFeO5 shows magnetic cluster glass behavior below 60 K owing to the competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. Glassy dynamics of electric dipoles has also been observed in the vicinity of the magnetic glass transition temperature. The presence of significant coupling between spin and polar degrees of freedom results in the multiglass feature in LaBaCuFeO5. The LuBaCuFeO5 compound undergoes YBaCuFeO5 like commensurate to incommensurate antiferromagnetic transition at 175 K. Large magnetic irreversibility below 17 K in this compound suggests the presence of strong spin anisotropy. In addition, in this compound, the interaction between the dipoles is not strong enough, which results in the absence of glassy dynamics of electric dipoles. The contrasting behavior of two compounds is possibly due to variations in the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions along the c-axis, which is the manifestation of structural modification arising out of the difference in the ionic radii of La and Lu.
Observing large ferroelectric polarization in top-electrode-free Al:HfO2 thin films with Al-rich strip structures
Authors: Liu Xin , Yao Lulu , Cheng Yonghong , Xiao Bing , Liu Ming , Wang Wenke
Published: October 2019

We report a large ferroelectric polarization of Al:HfO2 films in metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor structures with a top-electrode free annealing configuration. Annealing an uncapped film at the Al concentration of 7.7 mol. % shows a large remnant polarization up to 50.5 μC/cm2. The film has a unique microscopically laminar distribution of dopant atoms. We find that the formation of the paraelectric monoclinic phase is suppressed in films with laminar distribution. The uniaxial confinement due to the microscopic stress introduced by the Al-rich strip structures is suggested. It is regarded as a possible explanation for enhancing the remnant polarization of the ferroelectric Al:HfO2 film by increasing the atomic layer deposition cycles for dopant layers. The results elucidate a growth procedure to produce high performance ferroelectric Al:HfO2 nanofilms without the postcapping process.
A new generation of effective core potentials from correlated calculations: 4s and 4p main group elements and first row additions
Authors: Wang Guangming , Annaberdiyev Abdulgani , Melton Cody A. , Bennett M. Chandler , Shulenburger Luke , Mitas Lubos
Published: October 2019

Recently, we developed a new method for generating effective core potentials (ECPs) using valence energy isospectrality with explicitly correlated all-electron (AE) excitations and norm-conservation criteria. We apply this methodology to the 3rd-row main group elements, creating new correlation consistent ECPs (ccECPs) and also deriving additional ECPs to complete the ccECP table for H–Kr. For K and Ca, we develop Ne-core ECPs, and for the 4p main group elements, we construct [Ar]3d10-core potentials. Scalar relativistic effects are included in their construction. Our ccECPs reproduce AE spectra with significantly better accuracy than many existing pseudopotentials and show better overall consistency across multiple properties. The transferability of ccECPs is tested on monohydride and monoxide molecules over a range of molecular geometries. For the constructed ccECPs, we also provide optimized DZ-6Z valence Gaussian basis sets.
A hybrid ion-atom trap with integrated high resolution mass spectrometer
Authors: Jyothi S. , Egodapitiya Kisra N. , Bondurant Brad , Jia Zhubing , Pretzsch Eric , Chiappina Piero , Shu Gang , Brown Kenneth R.
Published: October 2019

In this article, we describe the design, construction, and implementation of our ion-atom hybrid system incorporating a high resolution time of flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS). Potassium atoms (39K) in a magneto optical trap and laser cooled calcium ions (40Ca+) in a linear Paul trap are spatially overlapped, and the combined trap is integrated with a TOFMS for radial extraction and detection of reaction products. We also present some experimental results showing interactions between 39K+ and 39K, 40Ca+ and 39K+, as well as 40Ca+ and 39K pairs. Finally, we discuss prospects for cooling CaH+ molecular ions in the hybrid ion-atom system.
PFI-ZEKE-photoelectron spectroscopy of N2O using narrow-band VUV laser radiation generated by four-wave mixing in Ar using a KBBF crystal
Authors: Herburger H. , Hollenstein U. , Agner J. A. , Merkt F.
Published: October 2019

A new nonlinear optical scheme relying on sum-frequency mixing in a KBe2BO3F2 crystal has been used to generate intense, broadly tunable, narrow-bandwidth, coherent vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) radiation beyond 16 eV by resonance-enhanced four-wave mixing in Ar. The VUV radiation was used to record high-resolution pulsed-field-ionization zero-kinetic-energy photoelectron spectra of the N2O+ A+ ← N2O X photoionizing transition in the wave-number range from 132 000 cm−1 to 135 000 cm−1. The rotational structure of almost all vibrational levels of the A+ state with vibrational term values up to 2700 cm−1 could be resolved, and improved values of the first two adiabatic ionization energies of N2O, corresponding to the formation of the X+ 2Π3/2(000) J+ = 3/2 and A+ 2Σ+(000) N+ = 0 levels of N2O+ from the X 1Σ+(000) J″ = 0 ground state [103 969.30(12) cm−1 and 132 197.70(12) cm−1, respectively], were derived. The rotational intensity distributions of the bands were found to depend strongly on the value of the vibrational angular momentum of the ionic levels. The vibrational structure is discussed in terms of previously reported effective-Hamiltonian analyses.
Electrostatic forces influence the distribution of drops in turbulent channel flows
Authors: Gasparini Allison
Published: October 2019

Scientists found electrostatic forces aggregate emulsion bubbles and droplets into columns which induces coalescence.
Phosphoregulation of tropomyosin is crucial for actin cable turnover and division site placement
Authors: Palani Saravanan , Köster Darius V. , Hatano Tomoyuki , Kamnev Anton , Kanamaru Taishi , Brooker Holly R. , Hernandez-Fernaud Juan Ramon , Jones Alexandra M.E. , Millar Jonathan B.A. , Mulvihill Daniel P. , Balasubramanian Mohan K.
Published: October 2019

Tropomyosin is a coiled-coil actin binding protein key to the stability of actin filaments. In muscle cells, tropomyosin is subject to calcium regulation, but its regulation in nonmuscle cells is not understood. Here, we provide evidence that the fission yeast tropomyosin, Cdc8, is regulated by phosphorylation of a serine residue. Failure of phosphorylation leads to an increased number and stability of actin cables and causes misplacement of the division site in certain genetic backgrounds. Phosphorylation of Cdc8 weakens its interaction with actin filaments. Furthermore, we show through in vitro reconstitution that phosphorylation-mediated release of Cdc8 from actin filaments facilitates access of the actin-severing protein Adf1 and subsequent filament disassembly. These studies establish that phosphorylation may be a key mode of regulation of nonmuscle tropomyosins, which in fission yeast controls actin filament stability and division site placement.
Lattice matched Volmer–Weber growth of Fe3Si on GaAs(001)—the influence of the growth rate
Authors: Jenichen B , Cheng Z , Hanke M , Herfort J , Trampert A
Published: October 2019

We investigate the formation of lattice matched single-crystalline Fe3Si/GaAs(001) ferromagnet/semiconductor hybrid structures by Volmer–Weber island growth, starting from the epitaxial growth of isolated Fe3Si islands up to the formation of continuous films as a result of island coalescence. We find coherent defect-free layers exhibiting compositional disorder near the Fe3Si/GaAs—interface for higher growth rates, whereas they are fully ordered for lower growth rates.