bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normative data of Fuld Object Memory Evaluation test for brazilian elderly population
Authors: Avila Renata , Lopes Marcos Antonio , Nakano Eduardo Y. , Bottino Cassio M.C
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT Objective This study aims to present normative data for Fuld Object Memory Evaluation test stratified by sex, gender, age, and education for the Brazilian elderly population. Method We evaluated 2.132 healthy elderly both genders, with a mean age of 70.30 years (± 7.28) from two community-based samples in Brazil drawn from different economic areas who were screened with cognitive and functional tests and the memory test. Statistical analyses were performed by independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression. Results Statistical analyses showed that memory scores tend to improve significantly with increasing years of education and decrease significantly as age increased. Conclusion We conclude that gender, education and age had effect on the Fuld Object Memory Evaluation performance in this Brazilian community-based sample.
New didactic formulation of the laws of reflection of light
Authors: Pérez-Rodríguez Ángel Luis , Martínez-Borreguero Guadalupe , Suero-López María Isabel
Published: March 2017

This work presents a new formulation of the laws of reflection of light, and it is shown the equivalence between the new and the classic formulations. The proposed formulation has a significant educational value, as it allows drawing analogies between the phenomena of light reflection and elastic collisions, which are very well known by students. The new developed statement of the law of reflection allows the resolution of traditional problems of geometrical optics, and in some cases the solution is much simpler and more intuitive than that obtained using the traditional statement of the laws of reflection. As an example, this formulation is applied for the resolution of the classic reflection problem of the three plane mirrors forming a trirectangular trihedron, also known as corner reflector.
Relatividade bem comportada: buracos negros regulares
Authors: Neves Juliano
Published: March 2017

A recente observação das ondas gravitacionais corrobora uma das mais interessantes previsões da relatividade geral: os buracos negros. Pois as ondas gravitacionais detectadas pela colaboração LIGO ajustam-se muito bem dentro da teoria da relatividade geral como um fenômeno produzido pela colisão de dois buracos negros. Sendo assim, a realidade física dos buracos negros parece ainda mais inegável hoje. Embora, uma mais contundente prova sobre a existência de buracos negros seria dada pela observação do seu horizonte de eventos, aquilo que o define. Neste artigo, é indicado que somente o horizonte de eventos define um buraco negro. Em sua definição, não há menção à singularidade em seu interior. Mostrar-se-á, assim, que buracos negros sem singularidade são possíveis. Tais são hoje chamados de buracos negros regulares.
Outcome of children and adolescents with lymphoblastic lymphoma
Authors: Oliveira Maria Christina Lopes Araújo , Sampaio Keyla Christy , Oliveira Aline Carneiro , Santos Aieska Dantas , Castro Lúcia Porto , Viana Marcos Borato
Published: March 2017

SUMMARY Introduction: lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is the second most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical course of children and adolescents with LBL treated at a tertiary center. Methods: this is a retrospective cohort study of 27 patients aged 16 years or less with LBL admitted between January 1981 and December 2013. Patients received intensive chemotherapy regimen derived from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy. Diagnosis was based on biopsy of tumor and/or cytological examination of pleural effusions. The overall survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: the median age at diagnosis was 11.6 years (interquartile range, 4.6-13.8). LBL had T cell origin in 16 patients (59%). The most common primary manifestation in T-cell LBL was mediastinum involvement in 9 patients (56%). Intra-abdominal tumor was the major site of involvement in patients with pB-LBL. Most patients had advanced disease (18 patients - 67%) at diagnosis. Twenty-four patients (89%) achieved complete clinical remission. After a median follow-up of 43 months (interquartile range, 6.4-95), 22 patients (81%) were alive in first complete remission. Five children (18.5%) died, three of them soon after admission and two after relapsing. The probability of survival at five years for 20 patients with de novo LBL was 78% (SD 9.4). Conclusion: our findings confirm the favorable prognosis of children with LBL with an intensive chemotherapy regimen derived from ALL therapy.
Genipin-cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) for neural scaffold
Authors: Alhosseini Sanaz Naghavi , Moztarzadeh Fathollah , Karkhaneh Akbar
Published: March 2017

In the field of tissue engineering, special interest is paid to employing non-toxic, biocompatible materials and methods. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) has excellent properties for tissue engineering but is unstable in an aqueous environment. Generally, genipin is used as a low-toxicity natural cross-linker for proteins, but in this study, to increase PVA stability, a novel cross-linking modification method through the use of naturally occurring components (genipin and glycine) was performed. In tissue engineering, the fabrication of scaffolds is influenced mainly by the chemical, biological, mechanical and kinetic properties of the ingredients. In addition, the scaffold is affected by altering the polymer composition and processing parameters. Herein, the novel modified PVA was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, swelling experiments and degradation tests. The modified PVA provided an effective cell support for 21 d of immersion in a phosphate-buffered saline environment, and the in vitro cell culture of PC12 nerve cells on the modified PVA scaffold showed neural adhesion and growth.
Antibody-Mediated Rejection Due to Preexisting versus De Novo Donor-Specific Antibodies in Kidney Allograft Recipients
Authors: Aubert Olivier , Loupy Alexandre , Hidalgo Luis , Duong van Huyen Jean-Paul , Higgins Sarah , Viglietti Denis , Jouven Xavier , Glotz Denis , Legendre Christophe , Lefaucheur Carmen , Halloran Philip F.
Published: March 2017

Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) can occur in patients with preexisting anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSA) or in patients who develop de novo DSA. However, how these processes compare in terms of allograft injury and outcome has not been addressed. From a cohort of 771 kidney biopsy specimens from two North American and five European centers, we performed a systematic assessment of clinical and biologic parameters, histopathology, circulating DSA, and allograft gene expression for all patients with ABMR (n=205). Overall, 103 (50%) patients had preexisting DSA and 102 (50%) had de novo DSA. Compared with patients with preexisting DSA ABMR, patients with de novo DSA ABMR displayed increased proteinuria, more transplant glomerulopathy lesions, and lower glomerulitis, but similar levels of peritubular capillaritis and C4d deposition. De novo DSA ABMR was characterized by increased expression of IFNγ-inducible, natural killer cell, and T cell transcripts, but less expression of AKI transcripts compared with preexisting DSA ABMR. The preexisting DSA ABMR had superior graft survival compared with the de novo DSA ABMR (63% versus 34% at 8 years after rejection, respectively; P<0.001). After adjusting for clinical, histologic, and immunologic characteristics and treatment, we identified de novo DSA ABMR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.82 compared with preexisting DSA ABMR; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.07 to 3.08; P=0.03); low eGFR (<30 ml/min per 1.73 m2) at diagnosis (HR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.48 to 7.23; P<0.001); ≥0.30 g/g urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (HR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.47 to 4.09; P<0.001); and presence of cg lesions (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.34 to 3.79; P=0.002) as the main independent determinants of allograft loss. Our findings support the transplant of kidneys into highly sensitized patients and should encourage efforts to monitor patients for de novo DSA.
Interdisciplinaridade: uma relação possivel na universidade?
Authors: Gomes de oliveira Dr. Francisco Nilton
Published: March 2017

O presente estudo é fruto da pesquisa desenvolvida pelo Grupo de Estudos sobre Universidade Pesquisa e Inovação da UFRGS, sob a supervisão da Professora Maria Estela Dal Pai Franco. O desafio da Interdisciplinaridade remete a questões constantes de reconstrução na formação humana, levando-se em consideração a história da existência do homem e suas transformações sociais, culturais e éticas. A Universidade exerce um papel culminante no que concerne a formação do sujeito, a qual, tendenciosamente, fragmenta o conhecimento, impondo uma visão tecnicista e positivista nos muros institucionais. Romper com essa tendência fragmentadora e desarticulada é uma forma de contribuir para novos cenários de saberes. A questão conceitual sobre a interdisciplinaridade se amplia, pois ela vai além dos muros da escola, inserindo-se nos processos de trabalho, no cotidiano das pessoas, aproximando-se de uma necessidade imediata humana devido às inúmeras demandas que são impingidas ao sujeito na sociedade contemporânea. A ação interdisciplinar é uma prática que permite aproximar o individuo nos diversos campos de saberes, gerando um benefício próprio ao ser humano, contribuindo, assim, para que as diferentes disciplinas alcancem a compreensão das diversidades e pluralidades humanas. O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em analisar as práticas estabelecidas nos cursos de graduação dentro de uma concepção interdisciplinar. Em relação aos eixos metodológicos, o estudo é de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa. Foram entrevistados 30 (trinta) docentes da graduação na IES em diferentes cursos do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, através de uma escolha aleatória. A análise das falas foi efetivada por meio da análise de conteúdo, segundo princípios propostos por Bardin e de análise estatística. Conclui-se que os muros Institucionais são construídos vislumbrando a produção do conhecimento e as especificidades de cada área, se tornando um campo fechado com teorias alicerçadas em nichos, sem uma posição de base que sirva para outras ciências. Talvez esse seja o maior desafio das Universidades (observar os limites de suas disciplinas) para que de fato se observe a interdisciplinaridade na prática dentro da IES.
Clinical and metabolic features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in men and women
Authors: Krivosheev A B , Kuimov A D , Bogoryanova P A , Kondratova M A , Kupriyanova L Ya , Popov K V , Tuguleva T A
Published: March 2017

Aim. To evaluate clinical features and metabolic disorders in men and women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Features of a necrotic and inflammatory process in different forms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Kurbatova I V , Dudanova O P
Published: March 2017

Aim. To identify the features of development of a necrotic and inflammatory process in different forms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), by comparatively analyzing a full set of clinical and laboratory parameters, including the cytokine status and the expression level of enzyme genes controlling the apoptosis of peripheral leukocytes. Subjects and methods 86 patients with NAFLD, including 8 (9.3%) with hepatic steatosis (HS), 70 (81.4%) with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), 40, 19, and 11 with mild, moderate, and high disease activity, respectively, and 8 (9.3%) with liver cirrhosis (LC), were examined. A control group consisted of 34 healthy donors. Clinical and biochemical blood indices, cytokine profile, and the level of caspase gene transcripts in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were estimated. Results. As compared to the controls, the patients with HS had higher tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels and lower caspase 3, 6, and 8 mRNA in PBL. The concentration of IL-10 in NASH was higher than that in steatosis and positively correlated with the level of proinflammatory cytokines. The levels of TNF-α and IL6 were higher in the patients with NASH than in the controls. Those of C-reactive protein, γ-globulin, IL-6, and cytokeratin-18 fragment increased with the progression of NASH. In the latter, the transcriptional activity of caspase-3 gene decreased relative to the reference value and negatively correlated with the level of proinflammatory cytokines. In the patients with LC, the gene expression profile of caspases in PBL was similar to that in the control group; the level of IL-6 was higher than that in steatosis and NASH, that of IL-1β was higher than in HS and positively correlated the concentration of IL-6 and the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Conclusion. The features of a necrotic and inflammatory process were identified in different forms of NAFLD. When the latter progressed, the cytokine profile and gene expression levels of caspases in PBL altered along with a change in the general clinical picture.
THE PROBLEM OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS IN THE FIELD OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN CIVIL IDENTIFY OF STUDENTS
Authors: Koriakovtseva Olga , Bugachuk Tatyana , Upeniece Irēna , Voldemārs Arnis
Published: March 2017

The problem of professional competence of teachers in the field of formation and development of modern civil identity of students. The authors make sense of the main approaches to the formation and development of civic identity, give the results of studies of the concepts of civic identity of teachers, identified the main directions of improving the professional competence of teachers for the problem posed.
MEDIATION AT SCHOOL: INSIGHT IN METHODOLOGICAL SOLUTION OF TEACHERS' PRACTICAL EDUCATIONAL SEMINAR
Authors: Orska Rita , Truskovska Ženija
Published: March 2017

The proposed paper is the final paper in the authors' series on the use of mediation in conflict resolution. The authors have developed the content and methodology of the educational practical seminar „Mediation at School” and approbated it by training social educators at Rezekne Academy of Technologies in 2015. The material can be used for the promotion of mediation as a tool for effective conflict resolution at school and the improvement of professional competence of specialists working in adult education.
Forging success
Authors: Balle Bernd
Published: March 2017

Always use the latest production technology: Aluline, a manufacturer of aluminum components and solutions from high-wage country Denmark, has operated on this principle to excel on the global market. In order to stay competitive and up to date, the family-run company is intensely focused on process innovation and also uddates its measuring technology on a regular basis: the Danish enterprise recently introduced two ZEISS ACCURA coordinate measuring machines with a new scanning probe. This made the company not only the first in Scandinavia to rely on this technology, but also allowed it to reduce measuring times by up to 70 percent.
Relationship between intake of artificial sweeteners and body mass index in young non-diabetic adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gupta Geetika , Yograj Sabita , Gupta Anil K. , Langer Bhavna , Goni Mumtaz , Kalsotra Lila
Published: March 2017

Background: Artificial sweeteners have skyrocketed the market in the last decade and there are unlimited products available today that contain them. They are often projected as one of the easy and effortless method of cutting down calories and have gained importance in the community. They are being used as one of the dietary tools to control or prevent weight gain not only in diabetic adults but also in young healthy adults and children. There is a need to examine any possible contribution of these substances on body weight and BMI of an individual.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected healthy non-diabetic subjects of both sexes in the age group 18-35 years. Those with history of intake of artificial sweeteners in the last one year (in the form of pellets or diet soda) were considered as study group and equal no of non-users were taken as comparison group for study purpose. A pretested semi structured questionnaire prepared in English language was used to collect information. Variables such as height, weight and body mass index were noted. Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 20.0).Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of weight and BMI (p=0.003 and 0.002 respectively). The mean weight and BMI was more in those subjects who had consumed more than one serving of diet can per day. Sweeteners in pellet form failed to show any statistical significance association between frequency of use and BMI.Conclusions: The study suggested of a possible association between the use of artificial sweeteners and BMI. Young adults need to be sensitized about various safe weight management techniques and healthy lifestyle, rather than resorting to methods like intake of artificial sweeteners.
AS VIAGENS DE MÁIQUEL PELO MUNDO PERDIDO, DE PATRÍCIA MELO
Authors: Nascimento dos Santos Daiana , Reis de Sena Fernando
Published: March 2017

Sabemos que a ação de migrar tornou-se uma estratégia de sobrevivência dos povos que almejavam melhorias de vida. O estudo, de cunho bibliográfico, revisa os conceitos de migração, exílio e suas variantes desexílio e insílio, desenvolvidos por Miriam L. Volpe (2003 e 2005) e analisa a condição de narrador-viajante do protagonista Máiquel do romance Mundo Perdido (2006), da escritora brasileira Patrícia Melo. Tomaremos para análise o regresso de Máiquel como a viagem mais significativa pela complexidade que representa.
Max Martins e o suplemento A Folha do Norte
Authors: Chaves Lilia Silvestre
Published: March 2017

O presente ensaio narra o percurso de evolução da moderna poesia paraense, especialmente dos membros da Academia dos Novos, no Suplemento literário “Arte-Literatura”, do jornal Folha do Norte, dirigido por Haroldo Maranhã entre os anos de 1946 e 1951, em Belém. Relata o início da Academia dos Novos, a ruptura com a escola de poesia parnasiana e o consequente mergulho na estética modernista. Revê as primeiras publicações dos jovens escritores paraenses no Suplemento, de modo a apresentar ao público a trajetória de inserção das letras paraenses na modernidade nacional, com ênfase no retrato da história de amizade que uniu Max Martins e Benedito Nunes. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Academia dos Novos. Max Martins. Benedito Nunes. Folha do Norte
SISTEMA DE ORGANIZAÇÃO MODULAR DE ENSINO (SOME) E A INCLUSÃO SOCIAL DOS JOVENS E ADULTOS DO CAMPO
Authors: Pereira Rosenildo da Costa
Published: March 2017

Resumo: Aos poucos a realidade da educação do campo vem sendo modificada no cenário nacional no sentido de adequar o currículo, a metodologia e até mesmo ampliar a oportunidade de acesso ao ensino fundamental e médio no campo. Neste sentido, este texto teve como objetivo analisar o surgimento e contribuição do Sistema de Organização Modular de Ensino (SOME) para com o acesso dos jovens e adultos filhos dos trabalhadores do campo do Município de Abaetetuba no estado do Pará/ Região Amazônica, em relação à educação básica, gratuita e obrigatória. Para tanto, utilizou-se de uma observação participante em uma escola ribeirinha em que funcionava o referido sistema, análise bibliográfica e documental sobre a referente temática que teve como intuito fundamentar tal discussão.  Palavras-chave: SOME. Educação do Campo. Jovens e Adultos do Campo.
Trasgresión de derechos humanos a raíz del tráfico ilegal de coltán en el Departamento del Guainía
Authors: González Garzón Hermann David
Published: March 2017

El centro de análisis del presente artículo, lo constituye explorar y ahondar en el impacto que sobre la población y el medio ambiente del departamento del Guainía tiene la explotación y el mercado ilegal del coltán, dada la posible violación a los derechos humanos y a la integridad de los habitantes por la presión de las redes criminales que allí operan en conexión con los tentáculos del tráfico internacional del mineral. El estado actual por la explotación del coltán deriva un examen del que se concluye que los derechos humanos de sus pobladores observan serias lesiones por el flujo migratorio que la ilegalidad desencadena y las condiciones forzosas de trabajo a las que se somete a estos grupos humanos. A través de tres secciones enmarcadas en un ejercicio descriptivo, analítico y evaluativo de esta realidad, se parte de ubicar al lector social y jurídicamente respecto a lo que esta parte del territorio nacional representa para las rutas ilícitas y cómo, la ausencia de un marco jurídico consistente que atenúe el flagrante fenómeno de desamparo de quienes caen presas del crimen organizado, agudiza aún más los efectos nocivos de la explotación ilegal en el período 2010-2012. Con un volumen de información muy puntual que amplía el espectro de análisis respecto a lo que la explotación del coltán colombiano está representando en el mercado negro global, se estudia la planeación de componentes, derroteros y correctivos que a futuro, puedan cobrar importancia estratégica en la inserción de una política pública que reduzca la amenaza a la vida de los pobladores de la zona y vele por la dignificación de los trabajadores del sector minero y su calidad de vida
Formulation and quality evaluation of mushroom (Oyster mushroom)powder fortified potato pudding
Authors: Verma Anjali , Singh Vinita
Published: March 2017

Mushrooms are basically fungi, which have a fleshy and spore-bearing fruiting body. They have been in use not only for consumption purposes but also for medicinal purposes since ages. Today mushrooms are eaten by people for their flavor, texture as well as for the health benefits. Addition or fortification of mushrooms in traditional food of India may enhance their acceptance among common people because these are rich in nutrients and provide health benefits. They have a profound ability to boost immune system, fight cancers and improve functioning of important organs, as they are full of proteins, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, antibiotics and antioxidants. Mushrooms can therefore be used as a weapon against malnutrition and starvation because of its high protein and vitamin content. Hence, an attempt was made to develop mushroom powder and fortified potato pudding with mushroom powder and the developed products were evaluated for sensory parameters and nutritive value. Nutritional analysis of powder revealed that mushroom powder retained high amount of protein (22.10g), fibre (15.70g), low amount of fat (1.90g) and good amount of carbohydrate (43.70g) while nutritional analysis of developed potato pudding revealed that 5% (T1 sample) fortification of mushroom powder in potato pudding retained high amount of protein (2.28g) and fibre (0.26g) and good amount of fat (1.36g) and carbohydrate (18.93g) than control sample. The organoleptic acceptability of developed potato pudding revealed that 5% (T1 sample) fortification of mushroom powder in potato puddingwas liked extremely.
Role of AA-NAT and TPH1 in the Ghrelin-Dependent Regulation of Melatonin Secretion in Sheep during Different Seasons: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Kirsz Katarzyna , Szczesna Malgorzata , Zieba Dorota A.
Published: March 2017

Several studies suggests that ghrelin (GHRL) has neurobiological effects that extend beyond control of food intake. Our previous results confirmed that GHRL modulates the secretory activity of the pineal gland (PG) through nocturnal melatonin (MEL) secretion in sheep, the seasonally reproductive animals. Here we investigated the effects of GHRL (10 ng/ml) on the expression of enzymes limiting synthesis of MEL, including tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), serotonin N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT) and its phosphorylated form p31T-AA-NAT in sheep PG explants (n = 72) during the 4-hour incubation in a gas-liquid interface, at a short (SD) and long (LD) photoperiods. After each hour of incubation selected explants were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80°C for subsequent analysis (real-time PCR, western-blotting, ELISA). Results show that GHRL regulates nightly MEL secretion in a TPH1-independent manner. The factor modulating GHRL activity was photoperiod. During SD photoperiod GHRL significantly reduced the expression of p31T-AA-NAT, AA-NAT and inhibited MEL secretion from PG explants. Whereas, during LD photoperiod no effect of GHRL on MEL secretion and expression of examined enzymes was noted. Studies indicate that GHRL directly affects PG under in vitro conditions and causes MEL secretion in animals which exhibit seasonality in reproductive and metabolic processes.
Preliminary Economic Evaluation for Mexico's Mature Fields
Authors: Alvarado Kelvis , Bravo Christian , Sandoval Erika
Published: March 2017

Mexican energy reform has opened an ambitious transformation process, authorizing private investment for exploration and extraction of hydrocarbon under different type of contracts. This transformation has led IOC's, NOC's and newcomers to enter in Mexico in order to achieve best field development plans for production increase in onshore, offshore and unconventional fields.

The objective of this study is to analyze winner's economics expectations for 25 matures fields of Round 1-Tender 3. Within the framework of this tender, winners offered royalty values higher than 60% for 14 fields, from 40% to 60% for 6 fields and lower than 40% in 5 fields, while Mexican government requested minimum royalties from 1% to 10% for all fields. The evaluation took into account the bidding offers (royalties and minimum work plan), economics and technical variables in order to build a 20 years full cycle preliminary economic analysis.

A tailored analysis was done for each field, where production profiles took into account: drilling and workover wells based on minimum work plan and reservoir technical challenges (pressure depletion, geological complexity, fluid type, well productivity and facility capacity), combining with economics variables expected, such as: CAPEX (e.g. wells drilling and workovers costs, facilities revamping, etc.), OPEX (e.g. lifting cost, treatment water/gas, etc.), royalties, oil price for future selling (Mexican basket), in order to generate more suitable development plan according to bidding process.

For each field an operating margin (from 3.4 to 28.3 USD/STB) and development-operational cost (from 10.5 to 82.1 USD/STB) were estimated considering average Mexican basket in 50 USD/STB, for this consideration 15 fields would have the chance to have positive gross income, the remaining 10 fields, does not have any possibility to make any profit.

Although results of this study were not considered for decision making, a visualization of the status of each field is shown, allowing to know the expectations of each winner. 11 fields have high chance to be operated by the first or second winner with investment ranging between USD 5 and 43 million, on the other hand, 14 fields have high potential to be returned immediately or after 2 years evaluation period with potential investment varying from USD 6 to 73 million. These results indicate that in most of the cases royalties offered by bidders exceeded the government expectations, leading a tight scenario beyond economic feasibility of these fields.
A New Method For Calculating Individual Layer Permeability and Skin in a Multilayered Reservoir Using Production Logging Data: The Delta Transient Method
Authors: Galvao Mauricio S. , Guimaraes Ciro S.
Published: March 2017

In this work an analytical solution for the inverse problem of a heterogeneous reservoir, composed by several infinite acting homogenous layers, is presented. The solution comprises a small set of ordinary algebraic equations, providing an explicit solution for the inverse problem. The layers may differ in thickness, porosity, fluid viscosity, total compressibility and initial pressure, which are input data. The proposed Method calculates the radial permeability and the wellbore skin factor for each individual layer and requires Production Logging data.

The Method's outcomes are important for both mature fields and new discoveries, providing valuable information for enhanced oil recovery techniques and accurate data for geological modeling. In addition, the method is a useful tool for assessing acid job diversion performance, especially on carbonate reservoirs, where acidizing procedures are largely employed.

The proposed Delta Transient Method focuses on providing simple calculations and delivering robust results. Operational feasibility of data acquisition has also been taken into account for the development of the Method. The main features of the present work are:

The Method calculates the permeability and skin for each individual layer, for an unlimited number of layers; The Method has been designed to be applied to a relatively short single rate flow period (only few hours of drawdown/injection); There is no need for rate changes. Nonetheless, the Method works with rate changes, as long as the principle of superposition is considered; Only two PLT (production-logging tool) flow profiles at distinct times are required for full application of the Method. No stationary data are needed; The calculations for each layer are performed with a small set of algebraic equations, which can be easily modeled in any ordinary spreadsheet software. No graph analyses are required.

The Method has a strong operational-practical drive, which consists of demanding only few hours of rig time for data acquisition. Moreover, once permeability and skin for each layer are obtained, a reasonableness check is provided as a final step to the Method. The purpose of this check is to guarantee reliability on the resulting outcomes. Issues concerning formation crossflow, wellbore storage and high transmissibility systems are also addressed. A successful case study is presented, where it took only 10 hours to acquire all necessary data.
Real-Time Monitoring Enables Control and Evaluation of Cementing Operations
Authors: Torres J. L , Martinez F.. , Yepez S. X. , Cardoso O. F. , Moretti F.. , Contreras Escalante J. R.
Published: March 2017

The importance of real-time cementing monitoring was discounted by the oil & gas industry for years, until the Deepwater Horizon accident in 2010. The subsequent updates to US federal regulation 30 CFR Part 250 (released in 2016) caused a re-evaluation of the importance of real-time cementing services because of the role real-time well monitoring plays in the safety of critical well operations including cementing.

Currently, cement job monitoring is limited to the acquisition of pressure, rate, and density measurements. Based on those measurements, a basic evaluation is performed during the job. A new software tool has been developed to improve the ability to make real-time interpretation to diagnose critical job parameters while the cement job is in progress.

Acquisition of real-time data for cementing has evolved by using simulation models, which have helped to predict unstable wellbore conditions. These simulations enable both the well operator and service provider to take immediate decisions to eliminate or at least reduce an inadequate zonal isolation, which will affect the future of the well in the completion and productivity phases.

The objective of this paper is to explain and demonstrate how the integration of cementing real-time data acquisition and cement design can be used as a successful technology to monitor and control critical job parameters like pressure behavior, flow rates, and equivalent circulating density (ECD) at different depths.

The combined data can be broadcast to anywhere the operator is located to remotely follow the job execution and to perform hydraulic simulations and pressure match interpretation. At the same time, this process helps to ensure flawless service delivery and quality assurance during the cement job, providing critical information while delivering greater certainty and reduced risk of costly errors.

A new real-time software tool was designed using an innovative platform that brings together cross-domain workflows based on a data management layer extended across different disciplines: petrophysics, geology, drilling, reservoir and production engineering, and geophysics. The platform offers a tightly integrated environment and it is the foundation for integrating future development of well-centric applications.
Construction of a High‐Density Genetic Map and Its Application to QTL Identification for Fiber Strength in Upland Cotton
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Ge Qun , Liu Aiying , Li Junwen , Gong Juwu , Shang Haihong , Shi Yuzhen , Chen Tingting , Wang Yanling , Palanga Koffi Kibalou , Muhammad Jamshed , Lu Quanwei , Deng Xiaoying , Tan Yunna , Liu Ruixian , Zou Xianyan , Rashid Harun , Iqbal Muhammad Sajid , Gong Wankui , Yuan Youlu
Published: March 2017

Cotton (Gossypium sp.) is an important worldwide cash crop that provides a competitive renewable natural fiber supply for the demands of textile industry. The development of new textile technologies and the improvement of living standards increase the demands for both fiber quantity and fiber quality. ‘0–153’ is an upland cotton cultivar with excellent fiber quality derived from Asiatic cotton sources, especially with regards to fiber strength. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for fiber strength in this line, a recombinant inbred line population consisting of 196 lines was developed from a cross between it and ‘sGK9708’. A genetic linkage map consisting of 2393 loci was constructed using this recombinant inbred line population, with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from the IntlCottonSNPConsortium_70k chip. Quantitative trait loci for fiber strength were detected across 11 environments using both single‐environment and combined multiple‐environment models. A total of 63 QTLs controlling fiber strength were detected by the single‐environment model. Sixteen QTLs were identified by the combined multiple‐environment model. These QTLs could make a contribution to the improvement of fiber quality via marker‐assisted selection and provide useful information for QTL fine mapping and functional gene research activities as well.
Vitamin D Does not Have Any Impact on Ovarian Reserve Markers in Infertile Women
Authors: Görkem Ümit , Küçükler Ferit Kerim , Toğrul Cihan , Gülen Şebnem
Published: March 2017

Objective: To evaluate the potential role of vitamin D on ovarian reserve markers in infertile women with different reserve patterns.Study design: This prospective cross-sectional study included the infertile women attending the Hitit University Hospital. The initial examination included the measurements of waist circumference and hip circumference, body mass index, and waist/hip ratio. A total of 171 women were divided into three groups according to ovarian reserve patterns: (i) adequate ovarian reserve pattern (AOR, n=77), (ii) high ovarian reserve pattern (polycystic ovarian syndrome, n=62), and (iii) diminished ovarian reserve pattern (DOR, n=32). The serum estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone, total testosterone, 17-hydroxy-progesterone (17(OH) P), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, anti-mullerian hormone, and hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH) D) levels were analyzed.Results: No significant difference between three different groups was detected in terms of body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist/hip ratio, E2 and 17OHP levels (p>0.05, for all). One-hundred-sixty-nine (98.2%) women in all groups had vitamin D concentration below 30 ng/mL as a cut-off value. The circulating 25 (OH) D levels did not show a significant difference between all ovarian reserve groups (p=0.804). No correlation between 25(OH) D and anti-mullerian hormone levels was documented in women with AOR, polycystic ovarian syndrome and DOR patterns (r=-0.099 p=0.393, r=0.034 p=0.794 and r=0.157 p=0.390 respectively). 25 (OH) D levels were significantly correlated with body mass index, waist circumference and hip circumference parameters only in AOR group (r=-0.355 p=0.002, r=-0.305 p=0.007 and r=-0.322 p=0.004 respectively).Conclusions: There is no association between 25 (OH) D and ovarian reserve markers. 25 (OH) D levels were significantly correlated with body mass index, waist circumference and hip circumference parameters only in AOR group.
Assessment of TiO2 photoactivity on the lead removal: kinetic and mechanistic processing
Authors: Peter Anca , Mihaly-Cozmuta Anca , Nicula Camelia , Mihaly-Cozmuta Leonard
Published: March 2017

Removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions, in the presence and in absence of commercial TiO2, under UV-light was studied. The influence of catalyst mass, concentration of Pb(II) ions and of citric acid in the starting solution as well as the impact of illumination conditions on the removal rate were also investigated. The results were fitted on the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and Elovich kinetic models, Weber-Morris intraparticle and liquid film diffusion models, in order to establish the photoreduction mechanism. The Pb removal rate increased in time by a combined linear-exponential mechanism. The catalyst had a positive influence on the removal rate at the start of the photoreduction. At a low concentration of Pb(II) ions (20 mg/L), the amount of photoreduced Pb(II) ions was proportional to the concentration of the citric acid solution, but at high concentrations (240 mg/L), the correlation was inversely proportional. The rate limiting steps in the removal of lead were both the photoreduction on the TiO2 surface and the diffusion through the film surrounding the catalyst particle. The lead removal was significantly influenced by the mobility and by the concentration of the species in solution.
Locking versus Non-locking Neutralization Plates with Limited Excision and Internal Fixation for Treatment of Extra-articular Type a Distal Tibial Fractures
Authors: Zhou Kai-hua , Chen Nong
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

This study aimed to compare the clinical, radiologic, and cost-effectiveness results between locking and non-locking plates for the treatment of extra-articular type A distal tibial fractures.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective review of AO/OTA 42-A1, A2 distal tibial fractures treated by plates from January 2011 to June 2013. Patients were divided to the locking plate group or the non-locking plate group. Clinical outcomes, radiographic outcomes, and hospitalization fee were compared between the two plates groups.

Results:

28 patients were treated with a locking plate and 23 patients were treated with a non-locking plate. The mean follow-up was 18.8 months (12-23 months). There were no significant differences between the groups in surgical time, bleeding, bone union time, or AOFAS scores. The cost of the locking plate was ¥24,648.41 ± 6,812.95 and the cost of the non-locking plate was ¥11,642 ± 3,162.57, p < 0.001. Each group had one patient that experienced superficial infection these wounds were readily healed by oral antibiotics and dressing changes. To date, five patients in the locking group and ten patients in the non-locking group had sensations of metal stimulation or other discomfort (X2 = 3.99, p < 0.05) Until the last follow-up, 14 patients in the locking plate group and 18 patients in the non-locking plate group had their plates removed or wanted to remove their plates (X2 = 4.31, p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The use of locking or non-locking plates provides a similar outcome in the treatment of distal fractures. However the locking plate is much more expensive than the non-locking plate.
Theoretical Analysis of Interaction Energy in Alginate-Capped Gold Nanoparticles Colloidal System
Authors: Foliatini Foliatini , Yulizar Yoki , Hafizah Mas Ayu Elita
Published: March 2017

Stability of Au/alginate nanocomposite was theoretically evaluated by computing various interactions energy which contributes in the system, including attraction and repulsion interaction. The results revealed that both polymer and electrostatic charges played a significant role in the stabilization, but the steric repulsion comes from polymer chain is a more effective stabilization mechanism than the electrostatic repulsion. Higher pH yielded in stronger electrostatic repulsion but when the alginate thickness is low the resulting nanocomposite was less stable in a long time period. Interaction energies for Au/alginate nanocomposite colloidal system was up to ~60 kT for alginate thickness of 1 nm, at very short particle-particle separation distance (< 1 nm). As the alginate thickness can be controlled by adjusting the alginate concentration, it can be concluded that the high stability of Au/alginate nanocomposite can be achieved by employing an appropriate amount of alginate concentration.
Synthesis and Characterization of [Fe(picolinate)3][MnNi(oxalate)3].CH3OH Polymeric Complex
Authors: Martak Fahimah , Onggo Djulia , Ismunandar Ismunandar , Nugroho Agung
Published: March 2017

Polymeric complex [Fe(picolinate)3][MnNi(oxalate)3].CH3OH has been successfully synthesized using H-tube technique. The chemical composition of the synthesized product was determined by Elemental Analysis and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Infrared spectrum shows that the oxalate ligand acts as a bridging ligand. The crystalline product exists in the form of monoclinic structure and space group P21n as shown on the pattern of X-Ray Diffraction and has a similar structure with [Fe(bpp)2][MnCr(oxalate)3] complex. The magnetic susceptibility of the polymeric complex exhibits high spin and paramagnetic behavior.
FLAVANONES FROM THE WOOD OF Morus nigra WITH CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Ferlinahayati Ferlinahayati , Syah Yana Maolana , Juliawaty Lia Dewi , Hakim Euis Holisotan
Published: March 2017

Two flavanone derivatives, norartocarpanone (1) and euchrenone a7 (2) had been isolated for the first time from the methanol extract of the wood of Morus nigra. The structures of these compounds were determined base on spectral evidence, including UV, IR, and NMR. The first compound also confirmed by comparison with the reported data. Cytotoxic properties of these compounds were evaluated against murine leukemia P-388 cells. Euchrenone a7 (2) was found more cytotoxic than norartocarpanone (1) with their IC50 7.8 and 12.7 mg/mL respectively.
FORMULATION AND IN VITRO STUDY OF PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE CONTROLLED RELEASE FROM CARBOXYMETHYL CHITOSAN-BASED MATRIX TABLETS
Authors: Hernawan Hernawan , Nurhayati Septi , Nisa Khoirun , Indrianingsih A.W. , Darsih Cici , Kismurtono Muhammad
Published: March 2017

Formulation and in vitro study of propranolol hydrochloride controlled release from carboxymethyl chitosan-based matrix tablets have been conducted. Formulations with various concentrations of carboxymethyl chitosan 2% (F1), 4% (F2), 6% (F3) were done by wet granulation method. Compatibility test was conducted by XRD and FTIR spectroscopy to determine interaction between propranolol hydrochloride and polymer excipients. Dissolution profiles was obtained through in vitro tests release using simulated gastric fluid (without enzymes, pH 1.2) for the first 2 h and followed by simulated intestinal fluid (phosphate buffer solution without enzyme, pH 7.2) for 2 h remaining. The dissolution profile of each formulation was fitted with five kinetics modeling of drug release (zero order, first order, Higuchi, Peppas-Korsmeyer, and Hixson-Crowell). The compatibility test results showed that formulation caused physical interactions between propranolol hydrochloride and polymer excipient but doesn't make crystallinity nature of propranolol hydrochloride disturbed even after formulation. Dissolution profiles of each formulation showed that controlled release of propranolol hydrochloride from the tablet followed Peppas-Korsmeyer model. It is concluded that carboxymethyl chitosan in appropriate proportions is suitable for formulating propranolol hydrochloride controlled release tablets which exhibit Peppas-Korsmeyer release kinetics.
CHEMICALLY CHITOSAN MODIFIED WITH METHYL METHACRYLATE AND ITS EFFECT ON MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES
Authors: Tanjung Faisal Amri , Husseinsyah Salmah , Hussin Kamarudin , Tahir Iqmal
Published: March 2017

Effects of methyl methacrylate on the properties of chitosan-filled polypropylene (PP) composites has been investigated. Mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were analyzed according to ASTM D 638-91, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that tensile strength of PP composites decreased upon the addition of chitosan, while Young's modulus improved. At a similar filler loading, the treated PP/chitosan composites were found to have higher tensile strength and Young's modulus as compared with the untreated composites. Thermal analysis results showed that thermal stability and crystallinity of the treated composites were higher than the untreated ones. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) studies revealed less detached filler from matrix on tensile surface of the treated composites as an evidence of enhanced filler-matrix interfacial adhesion due to formation of ester-bridge between the chitosan and the methyl methacrylate.
STUDY ON ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY OF DIARYLANILINE DERIVATIVES USING QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (QSAR)
Authors: Arief Ihsanul , Armunanto Ria , Setiaji Bambang
Published: March 2017

Study on anti-HIV activity of diarylaniline derivative compounds by using quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) has been done. The compounds structure and their anti-HIV activities were obtained from literature. Molecular and electronic parameters were calculated by Austin Model 1 (AM1), Parameterized Model 3 (PM3), Hartree-Fock (HF), and density functional theory (DFT) methods. QSAR analysis was performed using multilinear regression method. The result shows that HF method can produce the best model as follows:log EC50 = 46.418 + (99.360 × qC4) - (67.189 × qC9) - (278.869 × qC15) + (782.466 × qC19) - (127.463 × qO7)n = 20; r2 = 0.815; SEE = 0.393; Fcal/Ftab = 4.185; PRESS = 2.160Those model can predict a good inhibitory activity (log EC50) value of -0.3359 to compound N1-(4′-Cyanophenyl)-5-(4″-cyanovinyl-2″,6″-dimethyl-phenoxy)-4-hydroxyethylbenzene-1,2-diamine).
MARKOVNIKOV ADDITION OF CHLOROSULFURIC ACID TO EUGENOL ISOLATED FROM CLOVE OIL
Authors: Sudarma I Made , Yuanita Emmy , Suana I Wayan
Published: March 2017

The objective of this research was to synthesize new compounds with potential biological activity from readily accessed natural products. Eugenol has been reported to posses antioxidant and anticancer properties and was prepared by extracting from clove buds with dichloromethane and followed by isolation using column chromatography to afford pure eugenol (73%). In an attempt to enhance intrinsic activity of this natural compound, some derivatives were possible to synthesize. The main aim of this preliminary research was to transform eugenol to become sulfonic derivative. Eugenol was transformed to its sulfonic derivative in moderate yield (64%) by treatment with chlorosulfuric acid which undergoes Markovnikov addition. This product was rapidly confirmed by GC-MS and NMR analyses. Selective inhibition was performed by cyclic sulfonic ester derivative which could inhibit Eschericia coli and Staphylococcus aureus but not for Bacillus cereus.