bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La transformación y el fortalecimiento institucional de los Ministerios de Hacienda en América Latina: Del control al uso estratégico de los recursos públicos para el desarrollo
Authors: Arenas de Mesa Alberto , Mosqueira Edgardo
Published: April 2021

Este estudio presenta un análisis principalmente normativo desde dos perspectivas. Metodológicamente, analiza el estado actual de las funciones asignadas normativamente a los Ministerios de Hacienda en la región, mediante la revisión de los marcos legales y regulatorios. Analíticamente, propone dos modelos funcionales (uno basado en funciones “tradicionales” y otro en funciones “modernas”), utilizados para catalogar el desarrollo normativo de los ministerios y para sugerir cuáles son las brechas para pasar de un modelo de gestión tradicional a uno moderno. Cada uno de estos modelos responden a objetivos diferentes de los Ministerios de Hacienda. En el caso de aquellos con funciones tradicionales su orientación es a la administración y el control de los recursos públicos, que les permiten cumplir dichas funciones en el corto plazo, controlando estrechamente la caja fiscal, aunque con escasa capacidad de proyección multianual sobre el potencial desempeño de las finanzas públicas. En el caso de aquellos con funciones modernas, cuentan con un conjunto de funciones que les permiten una mejor planificación y proyección de las finanzas públicas, y una gestión más estratégica y de calidad del gasto público, reforzando la responsabilidad y sostenibilidad fiscal. El tránsito de los Ministerios de Hacienda a estas funciones “modernas” crean las condiciones para que los Ministerios desarrollen las capacidades necesarias para asegurar el financiamiento de los compromisos del Estado con la ciudadanía (bienes y servicios públicos) en el mediano y largo plazo, con independencia de los ciclos propios de la economía. Dada la escasez de investigación y estudios sobre el desarrollo institucional de los Ministerios de Hacienda en América Latina, y en el marco del contexto actual producto de la pandemia por COVID-19, este estudio presenta una oportunidad de análisis de entidades que juegan un rol decisivo en el manejo de la crisis y en el proceso de recuperación económica.
Historia de la Ciencia e Historia El azar en la historia y en el evolucionismo
Authors: Padlubne Rubén
Published: April 2021

Creemos que existe una relación interactiva y compleja entre Historia e Historia de la Ciencia. En la historia de Occidente la noción de azar fue adquiriendo importancia y reconocimiento en la proto- Modernidad debido al crecimiento del comercio, lo que favoreció la movilidad social azarosa. Este proceso socio-económico- cultural configuró una visión profana de la vida. Durante el siglo XVII comenzó su abordaje sistemático y aparece su primer tratamiento científico. Cuando durante el siglo XIX Darwin y Wallace introducen la noción de azar y consiguen reconocimiento, tal idea ya estaba integrada en la doxa y en la ciencia.
Los relatos de vida como técnica para abordar la dimensión estructural del mundo social
Authors: Seid Gonzalo
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se reflexiona sobre losrelatos de vida para conocer condicionesestructurales, posicionesde clase social y mecanismosobjetivos de funcionamientode ámbitosespecíficos de actividadhumana. En la primeraparte se retoman aportesde Daniel Bertaux sobrelas características de losrelatos de vida y sobre latécnica de graficar trayectoriaslaborales y educativasfamiliares en árbolesgenealógicos. Luego, apartir de un ejemplo deinvestigación empírica sobretrayectorias de claseen Buenos Aires, se destacanlas posibilidades queexhibió la aplicación deestas técnicas y algunosatributos adicionales a los que habían sidoseñalados por Bertaux.
DEVELOPMENT OF DECISION-SUPPORT ALGORITHMS FOR COMMODITY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Iurasov A. , Ivashko L. , Maksimov A.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The purpose of this paper is to improve the commodity management of retail chains by developing theoretical provisions of decision support system of retail chain commodity management (DSS RCM). Trading networks buy goods directly from manufacturers or large wholesalers, place these goods in warehouses, organize their distribution to stores. Commodity managers should decide how to provide all stores of the network in timely manner with the most profitable product every day.
The objective of the DSS RCM is to maximize the daily trading margin, per each euro invested in commodities taking into account restrictions on commodity resources and shelf space. The DSS RCM have to prepare bills of lading and orders for inbound logistics, distribution and re-distribution of commodities within the network. Decision support uses data available in any retail software. The calculation algorithms are simple and effective to ensure the necessary and sufficient accuracy with the time and hardware limitations and without significant investments in hardware and staff qualifications update. Algorithms calculate the optimal solution based on the objective function (for example, profit maximization) and restrictions (for example, inventory level, store sales, profit from sales of a given product).
The paper systematized the approaches of other scientists to solve the problem of product management in retail. Author analyze the strengths and weaknesses of those approaches for purpose to find the optimal approach for retail chains.
So the aim of this study is to develop theoretical basis of decision support system of retail chain commodity management (DSS RCM). The proposed method of optimization of commodity assets in retail based on their mathematical modeling and calculating of the consolidated profitability ratio. Research results are limited to homogeneous product retail chains (e.g., clothing or footwear).
By using proposed algorithms calculations could be in real-time mode in the database for tens (hundreds) of thousands items in the product range (for example, when selling clothes and shoes, a unique combination of model, color and size forms a separate item in the product range) in hundreds (thousands) of stores. Therefore, it could be hundreds of millions of combinations items-stores (Big Data).
Keywords: retail chain, commodity management, decision support, sales analytics.
JEL Classification F17, L81, M31
Formulas: 9; fig.: 0; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 39.
FORMATION OF AN EFFECTIVE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AT THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Tereshchenko E. , Shkolenko O. , Kosmidailo I. , Kalina I. , Shulіar N.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the article is developing a risk management system in the aviation industry. After analyzing the works of many scientists, such concepts as «risk», «risk management» were considered and their importance in business was highlighted. This article provides a coefficient analysis of the financial condition of one of the largest airlines in Ukraine PJSC «International Airlines of Ukraine».
The authors pay special attention to external and internal factors, which are the main result of losses from the decline in air traffic, to regional factors that shape the demand for air traffic within a particular area and directly affect the efficiency of the airline. Therefore, the authors present regional factors that affect the results of economic activity and financial stability of the airline.
As a result of the study, we observe that one of the preventive methods of risk identification is targeted management, which in essence is a way to achieve effective business structure in the future. The development of a risk management system should be an integral part of its targeted management.
The authors have developed a risk management system for this company, which has a clear structured approach that combines strategy, business processes, staff, technology, experience and knowledge. This system is the basis of the corporate governance system, which requires a long transition period, as well as a significant increase in the professional level of staff. At the risk assessment stage, the authors propose to consider sources of information to compile a risk map. In addition, the authors believe that it is necessary to carry out general monitoring of processes occurring in various departments of the airline in order to identify new, unspecified risks, as well as new business processes that may involve risks. A new risk management process is proposed for this control. Creating an effective risk management system allows to ensure a high level of quality and rationality of management decisions, which enables the company to achieve strategic and tactical goals.
Keywords: risk, risk management, risk management system, analysis, diagnostics, sources of information, business processes, management decisions, aviation business.
JEL Classification D81, L93, M21
Formulas: 0; fig.: 4; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 10.
СОЦІАЛЬНЕ СТАНОВИЩЕ ЯК ДЕТЕРМІНУЮЧА СКЛАДОВА МЕХАНІЗМУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНИМ РОЗВИТКОМ СЕЛА
Authors: Булах Т. , Кравченко І. , Резнікова Н. , Іващенко О.
Published: April 2021

Анотація. Досліджено стан і сучасні тенденції соціального розвитку села як детермінуючої складової механізму управління його економічним розвитком. Виявлено його основні проблеми, у тому числі пов’язані з демографічними процесами, міграцією, наявністю робочих місць, добробутом, доступністю до послуг соціальної інфраструктури. Доведено доцільність розроблення та реалізації інноваційної моделі соціального розвитку села, яка передбачає застосування комплексного підходу до розв’язання наявних проблем і ставить вимогу здійснення перетворень у системі та структурі механізмів державного регулювання цим процесом як на центральному, так і місцевому рівнях. Систематизовано стратегічні напрями щодо подолання негативних тенденцій соціального розвитку села в контексті формування інноваційної економіки, серед яких:

Не просто створення нових робочих місць, а місць, привабливих перш за все для молоді.
Формування суспільної думки щодо важливості і престижності аграрної праці шляхом гарантування дійової системи її соціальної мотивації та захисту.
Усебічне сприяння відновленню і подальшому розвиткові соціальної інфраструктури села, зокрема таких важливих сфер, як культурно-побутове обслуговування, медичне забезпечення, будівництво впорядкованого та облаштованого житла.
Подолання диспропорцій на рівні обслуговування сільських жителів.
Розширення владних повноважень і можливостей громад у здійсненні процесу контролювання та стимулювання раціонального ресурсокористування на сільськогосподарських підприємствах усіх форм власності, залучення інвестицій у виробничу, соціальну та екологічну сфери сільських територій. Тобто з міста в село мають прийти нові технології, нові нестандартні форми управління, нові підходи до організації розподілу місцевих доходів і соціальних послуг.
Дотримання обсягів мінімального фінансування розвитку села.
Створення фонду підтримки розвитку соціального розвитку села за рахунок відрахувань господарських суб’єктів усіх форм власності в розмірі 1,5% від їхніх доходів.
Упровадження пільгового оподаткування для новостворених підприємств на селі в разі інноваційного характеру їхньої виробничої діяльності, надання соціально-необхідних послуг або здійснення інфраструктурного забезпечення цих територій та ін.

Ключові слова: соціальний розвиток, село, механізм, управління, стратегічні напрями, соціальна інфраструктура.
Формул: 0; рис.: 0; табл.: 3; бібл.: 23.
UKRAINIAN BUSINESS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF WORD TRADE WARS: OBSERVER, PARTICIPANT OR VICTIM?
Authors: Bai S. , Dyeyeva N. , Melnyk T. , Puhachevska K.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. We focused our attention on the causes of the current trade war between the United States and China. The article analyzes the influence of electoral processes in the USA on the choice between free trade and protectionism. The relationship between China’s accession to the WTO, mutually beneficial cooperation with the United States, and trends in the trade balance between major trading partners have been determined. The article illustrates the main mutual claims between the United States and China, which led to the outbreak of «the largest trade war in economic history». We determined the main stages of the conduct of «military operations» and characterized the directions of the conflict escalation. The attention is focused on the losses in the trade war; the main beneficiaries from the «trade disagreements» were identified. We proposed an alternative opinion on the real consequences of the trade war for the warring parties. The article studies the impact of trade wars on world GDP and the national economies of the largest countries of the world. Attention is focused on the existence of «phantom trade» for finding the way out of sanctions and tariffs. The role of Ukrainian business in trade wars is examined in detail. We analyzed the main trade wars Ukrainian enterprises are involved in and possible results for the business. The article gives the author’s vision of the impact of the trade war on the trade balance between Ukraine and the key participants in the trade war: the United States and China. We concluded which branches of the Ukrainian industry are in priority for developing trade relations with China. The article highlights the main barriers to the development of trade with the United States and the reasons for the decline in the export of Ukrainian goods. We predicted how the improvement in relations between the United States and China will affect the role of Ukrainian business in the context of world trade wars.
Keywords: trade wars, export, import, protectionism, free trade, trade balance, trade deficit, import duties, sanctions, tariffs, duties, phantom trade, preferences.
Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl: 0; bibl.: 38.
آموزش مجازی، تجربه ای نوین، اما چالش بر انگیز، پاندمی کرونا در محروم ترین استان کشور
Authors: محجوب حمیده , پیوند مصطفی
Published: April 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Aplicação da formulação numérica de elementos finitos e diferenças finitas na análise térmica transiente não linear
Authors: Neves Natan Sian das
Published: April 2021

Dentre as diversas ramos de pesquisa da área estrutural, a análise térmica destaca-se, principalmente, na seara de problemas de estruturas em condições de incêndio. Sendo assim, o presente artigo objetiva realizar uma predição do campo térmico da seção transversal de elementos estruturais de concreto exposta a altas temperaturas. Para tanto, usa-se técnicas numéricas para avaliação do problema físico governado pela equação escalar diferencial de difusão de calor em regime transiente e comportamento não linear. O estudo é direcionado por duas metodologias de solução de natureza distintas, caracterizadas pela aplicação do método de elementos finitos e do método das diferenças finitas. As principais sentenças matemáticas e premissas de cada método numérico utilizado são apresentadas e discutidas detalhadamente. Os resultados numéricos obtidos pelos programas computacionais desenvolvidos são comparados com normas técnicas e soluções numéricas disponíveis na literatura . Em síntese, o comportamento das técnicas numéricas empregadas na solução do problema mostrou-se parelho com os dados de referências, direcionando o desempenho satisfatório do código na aplicação estudada.
Development of a communication system for humanitarian emergencies
Authors: Cabezuelo Antonio Sarasa
Published: April 2021

One of the main tasks of NGOs is the countries in which they operate is to alert to possible humanitarian emergencies that may occur due to different events such as epidemics caused by illness, famine, armed conflict, and other events that may occur. A key element for the emergency to be controlled and not have tragic consequences is the speed of information management: rapid communication of the emergency, where it is occurring, immediate needs…This information will allow the NGO managers to take action and decisions about how to act. This information is normally collected at the place where it is produced by the donors. So it is necessary to have specialized computer tools that facilitate the cooperator the transmission of information and the subsequent processing and display of the information collected. This article describes a tool aimed at NGO cooperators that aims to facilitate data collection, transmission and processing.
Sensibilización sobre los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible a través de repentinas de diseño de sistemas de producto-servicio.
Authors: Ferruzca Marco , Sánchez Paredes Alinne , Andrade Carolina
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo da testimonio de la experiencia de una escuela de diseño realizando talleres de diseño orientados a promover los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS), así como proponer sistemas de producto-servicio para alcanzar dichos objetivos. Al mismo tiempo que los participantes se familiarizan con los ODS, aprenden a usar nuevas herramientas que favorecen la creatividad para diseñar sistemas de producto-servicio. La experiencia de cuatro años organizando este tipo de experiencias ha conducido a proponer el diseño de un nuevo curso que se integra al plan de estudios de las licenciaturas que ofrece la escuela en cuestión.
El diseño de servicios públicos: la experiencia del ciudadano como usuario de servicios
Authors: Torres de la Torre Carlos
Published: April 2021

Este artículo sintetiza una investigación relacionada con el desarrollo por parte del autor de su tesis doctoral en torno al tema del diseño de productos en la economía de servicios. En esta tesis se analiza la operación de diseño de servicios públicos a través del estudio de cuatro casos de diseño de sistemas de gestión integral de desechos sólidos. Estos casos de estudio están ubicados en Ecuador en los últimos 4 años y están relacionados con una política pública de descentralización que obliga a los gobiernos locales a asumir la competencia de este servicio público.

En la parte de la investigación que da lugar a este artículo, específicamente se busca indagar la percepción de la comunidad respecto de la calidad de un servicio público y relacionarlo con la disposición al pago de una tarifa determinada. Se demuestra la existencia de relaciones entre el nivel en que la comunidad participa en la elaboración de la política pública, la percepción de calidad del servicio y la disposición al pago por recibirlo. Se encuentra además una relación entre la percepción de calidad del servicio y la disponibilidad de equipamiento seleccionado técnicamente en contraste con la percepción de calidad cuando el equipamiento se selecciona por intereses políticos. Además, se describe el papel que tienen los medios de comunicación en articular la participación de la sociedad, pero también en la formación de una conciencia colectiva sobre las responsabilidades de la ciudadanía, sus derechos y obligaciones para con la gestión integral de los residuos sólidos y el medioambiente, y la necesidad de adoptar hábitos responsables.
Introducción. Interrogantes y respuestas de la Moda en la hipermodernidad. Parte II
Authors: Doria Patricia M.
Published: April 2021

En el presente número de Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios en Diseño se analiza la moda, en un contexto de cambio desde sus múltiples aristas desde un complejo y exhaustivo recorrido multidisciplinario. Esta publicación, que se gesta en medio de un cambio trascendental, busca despertar la conciencia de la relación entre la moda como generadora de nuevos interrogantes y su nuevo papel en las sociedades más avanzadas. El Cuaderno discurre en tres miradas. En primer lugar, una mirada orientada particularmente a las variables entre moda y sociedad; una segunda instancia, donde el eje principal es la moda y la cultura y una tercera mirada, que inserta la innovación y el futuro a través de diversos casos.
Futbolistas de élite como instagrammers de moda: Ronaldo y Messi
Authors: El Habchi Mahir Zineb , Padilla Castillo Graciela
Published: April 2021

Instagram constituye un escaparate de moda con más de 1.000 millones de usuarios. Este trabajo investiga las cuentas de Cristiano Ronaldo y Lionel Messi, como dos de los influencers con más seguidores en Instagram. Se analiza cuantitativa y cualitativamente su actividad en la red social de fotografías, durante un año natural, de julio de 2019 a julio de 2020. Se concluye que las publicaciones promocionales no superan el 30% del total de las publicaciones; apenas el 3% de los seguidores dan un like; menos del 1% hace un comentario; y todavía priman los posts de fotografías sobre los posts de vídeos, aunque Instagram ofrezca varios formatos (vídeos cortos, IGTV, reels y stories destacados).
Comunicación visual en redes
Authors: Tesoriere Pablo
Published: April 2021

En las redes sociales, la imagen domina la manera de percibir nuestra realidad consiguiendo condicionarnos a la hora de tomar decisiones. La comunicación visual es una herramienta de marketing de moda. Las empresas son conscientes del impacto que produce en el consumidor los elementos visuales, quiénes logran conectar emocionalmente con el espectador al instante. ¿Cómo se puede aprovechar este momento? Llevando a cabo una producción constante con contenido visual y audiovisual que complemente el texto informativo, interactuando con los medios sociales y dispuesto a invertir en publicidad, mediante la contratación de influencers y celebrities.
Influence of Age Breed and Sex on Incidence of Renal Disorders in Dogs
Authors: Ahmad A. , Swarup D. , Dey S.
Published: April 2021

Background: Kidneys play an essential role in health, disease, and growth. Renal disorders are among the most common ailments of dogs and contribute substantially to canine mortality, particularly in older dogs. Fewer published reports are documenting the prevalence of renal diseases in dogs in India. The current study was undertaken to find out the incidence of renal disorder in dogs based on their age and breed and sex. Methods: The assessment of the incidence of renal disorders in dogs was done in the clinical cases reported at Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, IVRI during the period i.e. February 2010 to January 2011. The total numbers of 880 cases of dogs suffering from different ailments were reported during this period, out of which 63 dogs were suspected and screened for renal disorders based on clinical signs, ultrasonographic findings, serum and urinary biochemical alterations and urine analysis. Result: The overall incidence of renal disorders was 7.15% recorded according to the age of dogs. No renal disorders were detected in the dogs less than 6 years of age. 3.26% dogs of 6-8 year age group were confirmed for kidney diseases. Whereas 9.30% and 13.94% dogs in the age groups of 8 -10 year and ≥ 10 years, respectively had renal disorders. The breed wise renal disorders in dogs showed the highest incidence in Labrador dogs followed by Bulldogs, Dalmatian, Great Dane and Rottweiler, Doberman, German Shepherd and Pomeranian. Interestingly lowest incidence was recorded in the mixed or non-descript breed. Out of 63 dogs, 36 male (57%) and 27 female (43%) dogs were confirmed for renal disorders indicating a higher prevalence of renal diseases in males than females.
Development of CAPS Marker Linked to H2 Locus of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Chickpea
Authors: Subramanya Sunil , Soregaon Chandrakanth D. , Lal Dalpat , Ravikumar Ramapura Laxmipathi
Published: April 2021

Background: Fusarium wilt is one of the widely distributed biotic stress of chickpea limiting its productivity worldwide. The major problem limiting the resistance breeding is screening of germplasm and breeding lines for disease resistance. To address such problems, identification of molecular marker closely linked to resistance locus is an effective strategy. Methods: The RAPD marker A07C417 closely linked H2 locus of Fusarium wilt resistance locus has been converted into SCAR and the loss of initial polymorphism was recaptured by alignment of consensus sequences from SCAR amplified locus for the identification of common motifs. Further, the linkage association of this marker with Fusarium wilt resistance locus has been reaffirmed using Fusarium wilt response of RILs phenotyped for wilt reaction using wilt sick pots and also wilt sick plots. Result: Identification of single nucleotide polymorphism at the consensus SCAR locus between susceptible and resistant cultivar, enabled development of CAPS marker through suitable restriction enzyme Aci I making it an effective codominant marker system for resistance deployment via marker assisted selection.
Integrated Water Resources Vulnerability Assessment: A Multidimensional Approach and Geographic Information System Based in FÃ¨s, MeknÃ¨s, and Ifrane Perimeters, Morocco
Authors: Kanga IdÃ© Soumaila , Naimi Mustapha , Chikhaoui Mohamed
Published: April 2021

Water resources are disproportionately distributed, and more and more problems related to this precious resource are being reported around the world due to anthropogenic pressures and global environmental changes. This paper focuses on assessing the vulnerability of water resources in an integrated way, by taking into account hydrological, environmental, socio-economic and pollution factors, in order to delineate sensitive areas of water resources under a geographic information system. The framework for assessing the water resources vulnerability in the FÃ¨s, MeknÃ¨s, and Ifrane perimeters was based on a participatory approach through a survey. The data collected on the identified factors are then processed under ArcGIS tool to aggregate the normalized value into a water resources vulnerability index. The result shows that the degree of vulnerability of water resources in most of the study area is considered to be at the "threshold" to "non-vulnerable". However, three (3) main areas were considered to be "moderately vulnerable" to "highly vulnerable" precisely in the South of the city of Meknes (Zone 1), from the West of the city of FÃ¨s (Zone 2), and finally the Dayet Ifrah area (Zone 3). The sensitivity analysis showed that five factors have more impact on the overall water resources vulnerability map: topography, poverty, water withdrawal, population density, and access to drinking water. The result of this study could help integrated water resources management planners take action to improve the overall water quantity and quality in the area, and it can be extended to a larger scale like regional, national or cross-country.
Assessment of Surface Water Quality using Indices and Geographic Information System in the Sebou River Basin, Morocco
Authors: Kanga IdÃ© Soumaila , Naimi Mustapha , Chikhaoui Mohamed
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to access the quality of monitored rivers and to map the polluted river sections in the Sebou basin using Geographic Information System (GIS). The potential causes of water quality variation will also be added for suitable measures to be taken. A Water Quality Index (WQI) which developed in Morocco was applied to 17 river water quality monitoring stations with data on 6 parameters (Dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonium ion (NH4 + ), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), fecal coliforms (FC) and total phosphorus (TP)) collected twice during the wet and dry season over 1990-2017 period. The result shows that river water quality is classified as bad, very bad and medium at 59% of the monitoring stations, while 41% are considered as good to excellent. Interpolation of mean values of overall WQI of the 17 river water quality monitoring stations, revealed evidence of quality degradation along several kilometers of most river sections in the Sebou basin. The correlation matrix between the sub-indices of water quality parameters and the overall WQI showed high positive correlation coefficients and highlights the contribution to water quality degradation as follows: TP (ð‘Ÿ = +0.96 ) â‰¥ NH4 + (ð‘Ÿ = +0.96 ) > BOD5 (ð‘Ÿ = +0.94) > COD (ð‘Ÿ = +0.86) > FC (ð‘Ÿ = +0.83) > DO (ð‘Ÿ = +0.79). The sections of FÃ¨s, Innaounene Rivers, and an extended stretch of Tizguit River must no longer be used for irrigation. River water quality is overall of better quality in the wet season compared to the dry season. Simple linear regressions between the seasonal water quality variation and the overall WQI showed higher coefficients of determination R 2 (0.67 and 0.60) between dry season WQI and the overall WQI and between wet season WQI and the overall WQI respectively. It is clear that discharges of industrial and domestic wastewater during the dry season and agricultural activities are most likely to be the causes of the degradation of river water quality.
Analysis of Respiratory Tract Cancer: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Ferreira Pedro M. P. , Turcatto Isabela M. , Takahashi AndrÃ© A. R. , Paiva LaÃ©rcio S. , Sousa Luiz VinÃ­cius A.
Published: April 2021

Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality in Brazil and in the world. Respiratory cancer is one of the most expressive fractions. It is important to study its incidence and try to correlate its association with behavioral factors in big urban centers such as the ABC region in Sao Paulo. This paper focuses on analyzing and comparing the incidence of respiratory tract cancers in the population of the ABC region and their respective correlations with the state of Sao Paulo and Southeast region. This is an ecological observational study with temporal analysis, using secondary data referring to hospital admissions for cancer of the larynx, trachea, and lung in the ABC region from 2008 to 2017. In the ABC region, the female sex showed a greater increase in older age groups. Sao Paulo showed a significant increase for both genders in the age group over 60 years old. Southeast region showed the greatest significant variation, with the male gender decreasing in the younger age groups and increasing in the older age groups, while the female is increasing in older age groups. Airway cancers in the younger age groups for both males and females are decreasing in all regions analyzed. For older age groups, numbers are increasing especially in the ABC region. The most important correlation found in this study is an increase in the number of cases of these diseases in women compared to men, which may suggest that females have increased their tobacco consumption, while men appear to be decreasing.
Impact of Climate Change on Priority Plant Species Conservation in The Forests Under ONAB (the National Wood Office of Benin) Management
Authors: M. Deguenon S. Donalde DolorÃ¨s , Idohou Rodrigue A. , Akpona T. Jean-Didier , Azihou FortunÃ© , Assogbadjo E. Achille , Sinsin Brice
Published: April 2021

The sustainable conservation of forest resources in a context of climate change and population growth would be compromised in their current form of exploitation by rural communities. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of climate change on the dynamics of habitats favorable to species of conservation priority in the forests under ONAB management as these species are heavily used by the populations living along the shores of these forests. The study will consist of: Khaya senegalensis, Afzelia africana, Khaya grandifoliola, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Anogeissus leiocarpa, Milicia excelsa, Albizia zygia, Vitex doniana, Antidesma laciniatum and Bombax costatum. Techniques based on the principle of maximum entropy (Maxent) combined with GIS were used to project the favorable habitats of these ten species under current and future climatic conditions (Horizon 2050). Species occurrence data were collected and combined with bioclimatic data derived from the Worldclim database and the edaphic (soil) variable. Two climate models were used for future projections (CNRM-CM5, HadGEM-ES models) under the IPCC A2 scenario, and the partial ROC approach was used for the evaluation of the predictions of ecological niche models. Variables such as cec2 (cation exchange capacity, horizon 5-15cm), bio17 (precipitation of the driest quarter), bio12 (annual precipitation), bio3 (isothermality), bio6 (minimum temperature of the coldest month) and bio7 (annual thermal amplitude) were found to be the most relevant respectively for the distribution of Khaya grandifoliola, Albizia zygia, Anogeissus leiocarpa, Antidesma laciniatum, Afzelia africana and Khaya senegalensis. Under current conditions, only 7% of the Beninese territory would be very favorable to the conservation of Khaya senegalensis and the CNRM-CM5 model predicts an increase of 27.5% and 13.2% respectively of these very favorable and moderately favorable areas by 2050 through conversion of unfavorable areas (7.4%). On the other hand, this model predicts an opposite trend at the level of Afzelia africana where it predicts a decrease of 8.1% and 1.8% respectively of the very favorable and moderately favorable areas and an increase of 5.1% of the unfavorable areas. Ecological niche modeling has basically revealed the conversion of some currently unfavorable habitats into very favorable habitats for conservation (this is the case of Khaya grandifoliola, Khaya senegalensis and Vitex doniana) and the extension of some habitats unfavorable to conservation (Anogeissus leiocarpa, Bombax costatum, and Pterocarpus erinaceus) by 2050. This study provides scientific support for planning and is a decision support tool for the conservation of these species at the socio-economic level.
Caracterisation des performances de croissance et de resistances aux maladies et aux ravageurs de sept (7) varietes de patate douce (Ipomoea Batatas (l), Lam., 1793) dans la region de bouake, Cote dâ€™Ivoire
Authors: Nâ€™guessan Kouame , Evrard Brice Dibi Konan , Sidoine Essis Brice , CÃ©line Toure Nin , FranÃ§ois De Paul Ngbesso Mako
Published: April 2021

La production de la patate douce, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., reste confrontÃ©e Ã  de nombreuses contraintes agronomiques. Pour mieux faire face Ã  ces contraintes, une Ã©tude a Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ©e dans le but de dÃ©terminer les caractÃ¨res agronomiques de sept (7) variÃ©tÃ©s de patate douce cultivÃ©e au centre de la CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire (BouakÃ©) afin de sÃ©lectionner les variÃ©tÃ©s les plus adaptÃ©es.  Dans cette Ã©tude, le taux de survie, la biomasse aÃ©rienne, la rÃ©sistance aux insectes et ravageurs ont Ã©tÃ© Ã©valuÃ©s. Les rÃ©sultats obtenus ont montrÃ© que les variÃ©tÃ©s Covington, CIP et IrÃ¨ne ont enregistrÃ© les meilleurs taux de survie. Au niveau de la biomasse aÃ©rienne la variÃ©tÃ© IrÃ¨ne sâ€™est distinguÃ©e des autres variÃ©tÃ©s. La variÃ©tÃ© Fadanga a Ã©tÃ© moins sensibles pour lâ€™ensemble des nuisibles influenÃ§ant la patate douce.
 
The production of the sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., still faces many agronomic constraints. To better face these constraints, a study was carried out in order to determine the agronomic characteristics of seven (7) varieties of sweet potato cultivated in the center of CÃ´te d'Ivoire (BouakÃ©) in order to select the most suitable varieties. In this study, survival rate, aboveground biomass, resistance to insects and pests were assessed. The results obtained show that the Covington, CIP, and Irene varieties recorded the best survival rates. In terms of aerial biomass, the Irene variety stood out from other varieties. The Fadanga variety was less susceptible to all the pests influencing the sweet potato.
Preface: GROWTH OF BUSINESS AND SOCIETY IN POST CRISIS PERIOD
Authors: Kume Vasilika
Published: April 2021

Coronavirus is pushing economies towards economic recession, at a time when all parameters and trends were positive. Social distancing is turning into economic distancing. Leading economists are proposing â€œextreme reformsâ€ to fight the economic catastrophe that could be caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a consensus among analysts and experts in various fields that after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, â€œnothing will be the sameâ€. It will be a â€œnew realityâ€, with many changes in lifestyle and way of doing business. However, one of the expectations is changes in customer behavior.
Investigation of Studentsâ€™ Attitudes Towards Entrepreneurship, Career Path Abroad and Their Life Satisfaction
Authors: Haska Erila , Kume Anisa
Published: April 2021

Youth entrepreneurship is considered an essential tool to unleash the economic growth of countries and diminish the high rates of youth emigration in southeast Europe. This paper is based on the data collected as part of the INTERGEN project on the attitudes of young people related to entrepreneurship and the development of family businesses carried out at twelve universities in six countries (Pavlov & Zagorcheva, 2020). The main objective of the paper is to reveal findings of the entrepreneurial attitude of students and the differences between this attitude and variables such as sex, age, the field of study, and country. Also, the paper presents the desire of students to pursue a career abroad, their life satisfaction, and analyze differences between these attitudes and variables such as age, gender, the field of study, and country. Data were generated by a sample of 1382 students from 12 universities in Albania, Bulgaria, Poland, Romani, Russia, and Serbia. Responses from the survey were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings disclose those female students, older students, and those who pursue business studies are more inclined to become entrepreneurs compared to their peers. The results show that there is no significant difference between the desire to develop a career abroad and variables such as age, gender, and field of study. Findings prove that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the studentsâ€™ entrepreneurial attitude and life satisfaction. The paper clearly shows that students from different countries expressed different levels of entrepreneurial attitudes, life satisfaction, and desire to develop a career abroad.
The Project Manager â€œLanguageâ€ in a Crisis Scenario
Authors: Di Lorenzo Daniele
Published: April 2021

A pandemic scenario may add time and space limits to the relationships that exist between people and businesses. It is reasonable to assume that multiple projects are conditioned by those limitations. As a result, they should follow the same constraints. Two fundamental views that project managers should focus on during the management of projects are the technical-operative modalities they use to advance the activities and their mindset to manage their dynamics. The union of these two dimensions can be regarded as the â€œlanguageâ€ of project managers. This paper focuses on analyzing the impacts of pandemics on these dimensions and the ways through which these conditions could change the â€œlanguageâ€ to properly react to this kind of crisis. As argued here, the variables of â€œtriadâ€ (Reaction-ExecutionResults) combined with an appropriate mindset and the usage of a micro-goal approach could be an effective reply to a pandemic.
Tourism Sector in Albania: Post-Pandemic Challenges Require New Mindsets
Authors: Lazimi Loren
Published: April 2021

COVID-19 is a pandemic unknown to mankind, which has turned into a global economic risk that will have long-term consequences. Tourism is one of the hardest-hit sectors by this pandemic and will most likely be the last sector to recover once this story is over. There is a great deal of uncertainty as to what will happen in the future, and this depends mainly on external factors such as the release of a vaccine in the medium term, the health situation in the markets of major suppliers, and the psychological approach to long-term travel in segments like leisure-travels, business-travels, and mass events. It is clear that recovery requires coordinated actions by all stakeholders. In this paper, a survey was carried out between August and the beginning of September 2020 on the perceived impact of COVID-19 on the Albania tourism sector. Representatives of hotels and accommodation units interviewed in Albania gave their views on COVID-19â€™s impact on the sector. This paper shows the real situation and its impact on the operations of organizations, financial situation, and potential strategies in overcoming the crisis. This paper also focuses on creating some scenarios from the perception of COVID-19 impact, and it also gave some strategies to overcome the challenges of post pandemic.
Ragging: A Harmless Tradition or Menace? Perspective of Newly Admitted Medical Students of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Taseen Shafaq , Shah Syed Musab Arshad , Abbas Munib , Gafooli Falak Munaf Aziz , Gafooli Aziz , Hamid Kashmala , Rabbani Anzila
Published: April 2021

Ragging is a disruptive behavior mostly observed among senior students of many institutes towards their junior sub-ordinates.
The following study evaluated the perception of newly admitted students about ragging in one of the public medical college of Karachi, Pakistan i.e., Karachi Medical and Dental College. Out of 140 newly admitted students of first year MBBS, 102 participants were enrolled in this study. The data was collected in two steps, i.e., Questionnaire A was distributed among the students on the orientation day whereas, Questionnaire B was distributed one week after the orientation to the same students who had filled the Questionnaire A. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Majority of participants were aware about ragging. Data of Questionnaire B revealed that about half of participants 52 (50.9%) got ragged on the orientation day, while most of the students faced mild to moderate intensity ragging. Males were found to be more frequent victim of ragging as compared to females.
The present study indicates that ragging may have a negative impact on the morale and self-confidence of many students; moreover, the study suggested that serious actions shall be taken against ragging. Formation of an anti-ragging committee can provide great aid to the newly admitted students on their first day, promoting an anti-ragging environment within the institute and ensuring prevalence of such environment in order to prevent negative impacts of ragging.
Domestic violence against children and adolescents in Taif, Saudi Arabia: Analytical study from the school counsellorâ€™s perspective
Authors: Al Hariri Ahmed , Faisal Eman , Al Harthi Rasha , Al Harthi Fozeah , Al Harthi Amal Hamed
Published: April 2021

The study aimed to recognise the differences, relationships, and prediction of domestic violence among school students from the school counsellors in Taif, Saudi Arabia. A mixed-methods approach was used in collecting and analysing quantitative and qualitative data. A questionnaire and interviews were used. The sample that answered the questionnaire included 84 schoolsâ€™ counsellors, whereas the sample that answered the interviews was 13 schoolsâ€™ counsellors. Results showed that there are significant differences at p < .05 in the domestic violence suffered by students: students in primary school (M = 3.83; SD = .910), and in particular the students who study in schools with between 1001 and 1200 students (M = 2.301; SD = .311) and who study in schools with between 801 and 1000 (M = 2.299, SD = .419), but there was no difference regarding the experience of schoolsâ€™ counsellors. There were positive correlations at p < .05 between domestic violence and both the total number of students in a school (rho = .14) and the experience of schoolsâ€™ counsellors (rho = .09) but not with the stage of education. It is also impossible to predict domestic violence incidents by using the total number of students in a school, schoolsâ€™ counsellorsâ€™ experience, and the stage of education. Qualitative data from the interviews were used to support the findings of the quantitative data. For example, school counsellors from secondary school stressed that they dealt with students who suffer from domestic violence, and from crowded schools agreed that they saw many students who suffer from domestic violence. The results of this article showed the importance of investigating domestic violence in under-researched societies, such as school students from Saudi Arabia. This study ended with some recommendations. One recommendation is to have enough schoolsâ€™ counsellors based on the total number of students in a school. Other recommendations that enhance mental health in schools and increase the quality of a schoolsâ€™ counsellorâ€™s work.
Pratiques Sociales et Deficit dâ€™Hygiene des Aliments au Sein du Grand Marche de Treichville et le Forum des Marches dâ€™Adjame (Cote dâ€™Ivoire)
Authors: Kouadio Konan NadÃ¨ge Ahou
Published: April 2021

Lâ€™objectif de cet article est dâ€™analyser les pratiques dÃ©veloppÃ©es par les acteurs qui favorisent le dÃ©ficit dâ€™hygiÃ¨ne des denrÃ©es au sein du Grand marchÃ© de Treichville et le Forum des marchÃ©s dâ€™AdjamÃ©. Ce mÃ©canisme de dÃ©gradation de lâ€™espace environnemental marchÃ© se saisit ici Ã  travers leurs comportements et pratiques vis-Ã -vis du manque de lâ€™hygiÃ¨ne. En adoptant une approche mixte (qualitative et quantitative), lâ€™article sâ€™est appuyÃ© sur la recherche documentaire, lâ€™observation, lâ€™entretien lors de lâ€™enquÃªte en vue de collecter des donnÃ©es, lâ€™administration dâ€™un questionnaire a permis de quantifier les donnÃ©es sur la population cible (commerÃ§ants), qui ont servi Ã  rendre compte de la complexitÃ© des relations entre hygiÃ¨ne environnementale et hygiÃ¨ne alimentaire, et du danger sanitaire qui en dÃ©coule. Au terme de notre investigation, les rÃ©sultats rÃ©vÃ¨lent que lâ€™insalubritÃ© de lâ€™espace environnemental marchÃ© dans lequel sont commercialisÃ©es les denrÃ©es, sâ€™explique par les perceptions que les acteurs mobilisent, et les pratiques qui lÃ©gitiment leur comportement. La prise de conscience de lâ€™interaction entre lâ€™alimentation, lâ€™environnement et la santÃ© reste un objectif Ã  atteindre.
 
The objective of this article is to analyze the practices developed by the players who favor the food hygiene deficit within the large market of Treichville and the AdjamÃ© markets forum. This mechanism of degradation of the environmental market space is captured here through their behavior and practices vis-Ã -vis the lack of hygiene. By adopting a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative), we relied on documentary research, observation, interview and the administration of a questionnaire during the survey in order to collect data that were used to take into account the complexity of the relationship between environmental hygiene and food hygiene as well as the resulting health hazard. At the end of our investigation, the results reveal that the insalubrity of the environmental market space in which foodstuffs are marketed can be explained by the perceptions that stakeholders mobilize, and the practices that legitimize their behavior. Awareness of the interplay between food, environment and health remains a goal.
Aplicabilidade do desenho universal em instalações sanitárias
Authors: Akamine Mariana De Barros Casagranda , Souza Camila Amaro de
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma breve contextualização histórica das instalações sanitárias, a partir das principais obras que tratam do assunto, com foco na sua evolução, e associá-las à aplicabilidade do desenho universal, demonstrando a importância delas na otimização dos espaços e na inclusão social. A pesquisa de referência bibliográfica foi desenvolvida com base em material publicado em livros, revistas, jornais e redes eletrônicas, para produzir uma análise descritiva sobre o tema proposto, pois se acredita que os projetos de instalações sanitárias hoje já solucionaram questões como higiene, execução e manutenção, materiais de acabamento e revestimento e até mesmo questões energéticas, que, por sua vez, estão sendo cada vez mais exploradas neste ambiente tão dinâmico. Os novos projetos, de maneira geral, tendem a buscar, neste momento, mais versatilidade, integração e respeito à diversidade, estimular e viabilizar a independência, de maneira a construir uma sociedade centrada no indivíduo.