bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Unsupervised Approach for Sentiment Analysis on Social Media Short Text Classification in Roman Urdu
Authors: Rana Toqir A. , Shahzadi Kiran , Rana Tauseef , Arshad Ahsan , Tubishat Mohammad
Published: November 2021

During the last two decades, sentiment analysis, also known as opinion mining, has become one of the most explored research areas in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and data mining. Sentiment analysis focuses on the sentiments or opinions of consumers expressed over social media or different web sites. Due to exposure on the Internet, sentiment analysis has attracted vast numbers of researchers over the globe. A large amount of research has been conducted in English, Chinese, and other languages used worldwide. However, Roman Urdu has been neglected despite being the third most used language for communication in the world, covering millions of users around the globe. Although some techniques have been proposed for sentiment analysis in Roman Urdu, these techniques are limited to a specific domain or developed incorrectly due to the unavailability of language resources available for Roman Urdu. Therefore, in this article, we are proposing an unsupervised approach for sentiment analysis in Roman Urdu. First, the proposed model normalizes the text to overcome spelling variations of different words. After normalizing text, we have used Roman Urdu and English opinion lexicons to correctly identify users’ opinions from the text. We have also incorporated negation terms and stemming to assign polarities to each extracted opinion. Furthermore, our model assigns a score to each sentence on the basis of the polarities of extracted opinions and classifies each sentence as positive, negative, or neutral. In order to verify our approach, we have conducted experiments on two publicly available datasets for Roman Urdu and compared our approach with the existing model. Results have demonstrated that our approach outperforms existing models for sentiment analysis tasks in Roman Urdu. Furthermore, our approach does not suffer from domain dependency.
A Case Study on Handwritten
Indic
Script Classification: Benchmarking of the Results at Page, Block, Text-line, and Word Levels
Authors: Singh Pawan Kumar , Sarkar Ram , Abraham Ajith , Nasipuri Mita
Published: November 2021

Handwritten script classification is still considered as a challenging research problem in the domain of document image analysis. Although some research attempts have been made by the researchers for solving the challenging issues, a comprehensive solution is yet to be achieved. The case study, undertaken here, analyzes the performances of various state-of-the art handwritten script classification methods for Indian scripts where features, needed for the script classification task, are extracted from the script images at four different granularity levels, i.e., page, block, text line, or word. The results of handwritten script classification at each level have been obtained and compared using eight different feature sets and six different state-of-the-art classifiers. Based on the classification results, an ideal level for performing the handwritten script classification task is suggested among these four classification levels. The results have also been improved by using two feature dimensionality reduction methods. All these experiments are done on two different handwritten
Indic
script databases, of which one is an in-house developed dataset and the other one is a freely available dataset. Finally, some future research directions that may be undertaken by the researchers as an application of the handwritten
Indic
script classification problem are also highlighted. The work presented here provides a basic foundation for the construction of a comprehensive handwritten script classification method for official Indian scripts.
An Efficient System for Uranyl Electrodeposition and Investigation of the Uranyl Electrochemical Behavior
Authors: Xue Yun , Gao Jianzhang , Ma Zhenchao , Wang Jiadong , Cao Meng , Guo Chen , Liu Peng , Ma Fuqiu , Yan Yongde , Qiu Min
Published: November 2021

The redox mechanism of U(VI) to U(IV) in carbonate system was studied by cyclic voltammetry. Based on the analysis of cyclic voltammograms at different pHs and switching potentials, combined with the speciation analysis of uranyl at different pHs, the two-step reactions of U(VI) to U(V) and U(V) to U(IV) were confirmed at pH 8.0. The determination results of U(Ⅴ) diffusion coefficient and U(Ⅴ) to U(IV) reaction kinetic rate constant under different pHs showed that pH 8.0 has certain advantages over other pHs. The calculated results of these two parameters at different temperatures revealed that the increase of temperature promotes the diffusion coefficient of U(V) and the kinetic rate constants of U(V) to U(IV) reaction. The SEM and EDS analysis of the electrodeposited samples showed that uranyl can be rapidly, stably, and uniformly deposited on the Pt electrode surface by potentiostatic deposition in carbonate system. The XRD results confirmed the complexity of the deposited samples under different pHs, not just the UO2. The fitting results of XPS spectra under different potentials proved that the deposition samples contained uranium-containing oxides, uranium-containing carbonates, and uranium-containing hydroxides. In addition, the deposition mechanism of the potentiostatic deposition in different potential intervals has been established.
Pt-Catalyzed Oxidation of PEMFC Carbon Supports: A Path to Highly Accessible Carbon Morphologies and Implications for Start-Up/Shut-Down Degradation
Authors: Lazaridis Timon , Gasteiger Hubert A.
Published: November 2021

The morphology of carbon supports for Pt-based proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) catalysts strongly determines their performance at both low and high current density. Porous carbon supports with internally deposited Pt nanoparticles sustain high kinetic activity by shielding Pt from ionomer adsorption, albeit at the expense of poor oxygen mass transport. This work systematically explores an oxidative pre-treatment of commercial Pt/Ketjenblack, termed localized oxidation, which drastically improves oxygen transport and high current density performance (up to 50% at 0.6 V). The method leverages Pt-catalyzed carbon oxidation in the immediate vicinity of internal Pt particles to increase pore accessibility. We analyze the catalyst morphology via N2 physisorption and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and correlate these results with extensive electrochemical characterization of low-loaded cathodes (0.06 mgPt cm−2). High current density gains are shown to result predominantly from removing microporous constrictions in the primary carbon particle. We further identify a trade-off between Pt particle sintering and pore widening dependent on the oxidation temperature, which defines an optimum degree of oxidation. Finally, we investigate the susceptibility of locally oxidized catalysts towards start-up/shut-down (SUSD) degradation. Although we find modestly accelerated degradation rates at high oxidation temperatures, this does not outweigh the performance benefit imparted by the pre-treatment.
Gut feelings: the microbiota-gut-brain axis on steroids
Authors: So Sik Yu , Savidge Tor C.
Published: November 2021

The intricate connection between central and enteric nervous systems is well established with emerging evidence linking gut microbiota function as a significant new contributor to gut-brain axis signaling. Several microbial signals contribute to altered gut-brain communications, with steroids representing an important biological class that impacts central and enteric nervous system function. Neuroactive steroids contribute pathologically to neurological disorders, including dementia and depression, by modulating the activity of neuroreceptors. However, limited information is available on the influence of neuroactive steroids on the enteric nervous system and gastrointestinal function. In this review, we outline how steroids can modulate enteric nervous system function by focusing on their influence on different receptors that are present in the intestine in health and disease. We also highlight the potential role of the gut microbiota in modulating neuroactive steroid signaling along the gut-brain axis.
Chronic hypoxia alters cardiac mitochondrial complex protein expression and activity in fetal guinea pigs in a sex-selective manner
Authors: Song Hong , Polster Brian M. , Thompson Loren P.
Published: November 2021

We hypothesize that intrauterine hypoxia (HPX) alters the mitochondrial phenotype in fetal hearts contributing to developmental programming. Pregnant guinea pigs were exposed to normoxia (NMX) or hypoxia (HPX, 10.5% O2), starting at early [25 days (25d), 39d duration] or late gestation (50d, 14d duration). Near-term (64d) male and female fetuses were delivered by hysterotomy from anesthetized sows, and body/organ weights were measured. Left ventricles of fetal hearts were excised and frozen for measurement of expression of complex (I–V) subunits, fusion (Mfn2/OPA1) and fission (DRP1/Fis1) proteins, and enzymatic rates of I and IV from isolated mitochondrial proteins. Chronic HPX decreased fetal body weight and increased relative placenta weight regardless of timing. Early-onset HPX increased I, III, and V subunit levels, increased complex I but decreased IV activities in males but not females (all P < 0.05). Late-onset HPX decreased ( P < 0.05) I, III, and V levels in both sexes but increased I and decreased IV activities in males only. Both HPX conditions decreased cardiac mitochondrial DNA content in males only. Neither early- nor late-onset HPX had any effect on Mfn2 levels but increased OPA1 in both sexes. Both HPX treatments increased DRP1/Fis1 levels in males. In females, early-onset HPX increased DRP1 with no effect on Fis1, whereas late-onset HPX increased Fis1 with no effect on DRP1. We conclude that both early- and late-onset HPX disrupts the expression/activities of select complexes that could reduce respiratory efficiency and shifts dynamics toward fission in fetal hearts. Thus, intrauterine HPX disrupts the mitochondrial phenotype predominantly in male fetal hearts, potentially altering cardiac metabolism and predisposing the offspring to heart dysfunction.
Long-term heart transplant recipients: heart rate-related effects on augmented transfer function coherence during repeated squat-stand maneuvers in males
Authors: Burma Joel S. , Kennedy Courtney M. , Penner Linden C. , Miutz Lauren N. , Galea Olivia A. , Ainslie Philip N. , Smirl Jonathan D.
Published: November 2021

Previous research has highlighted that squat-stand maneuvers (SSMs) augment coherence values within the cerebral pressure-flow relationship to ∼0.99. However, it is not fully elucidated if mean arterial pressure (MAP) leads to this physiological entrainment independently, or if heart rate (HR) and/or the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2) also have contributing influences. A 2:1 control-to-case model was used in the present investigation [participant number ( n) = 40; n = 16 age-matched (AM); n = 16 donor control (DM); n = 8 heart transplant recipients (HTRs)]. The latter group was used to mechanistically isolate the extent to which HR influences the cerebral pressure-flow relationship. Participants completed 5 min of squat-stand maneuvers at 0.05 Hz (10 s) and 0.10 Hz (5 s). Linear transfer function analysis (TFA) examined the relationship between different physiological inputs (i.e., MAP, HR, and Pco2) and output [cerebral blood velocity (CBV)] during SSM; and cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS). Compared with DM, cardiac BRS was reduced in AM ( P < 0.001), which was further reduced in HTR ( P < 0.045). In addition, during the SSM, HR was elevated in HTR compared with both control groups ( P < 0.001), but all groups had near-maximal coherence metrics ≥0.98 at 0.05 Hz and ≥0.99 at 0.10 Hz ( P ≥ 0.399). In contrast, the mean HR-CBV/Pco2-CBV relationships ranged from 0.38 (HTR) to 0.81 (DM). Despite near abolishment of BRS and blunted HR following heart transplantation, long-term HTR exhibited near-maximal coherence within the MAP-CBV relationship, comparable with AM and DM. Therefore, these results show that the augmented coherence with SSM is driven by blood pressure, whereas elevations in TFA coherence as a result of HR contribution are likely correlational in nature.
Cortical beta-band power modulates with uncertainty in effector selection during motor planning
Authors: van Helvert Milou J. L. , Oostwoud Wijdenes Leonie , Geerligs Linda , Medendorp W. Pieter
Published: November 2021

Although reach-related beta-band power in central cortical areas is known to modulate with the number of potential targets, here we show, using a cuing paradigm, that the power in this frequency band, but not in the alpha or theta band, is also modulated by the uncertainty of which hand to use. This finding supports the notion that multiple possible effector-specific actions can be specified in parallel up to the level of motor preparation.
Variation in Soil Organic Carbon under Different Forest Types in Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Nepal
Authors: Shapkota Jun , Kafle Gandhiv
Published: November 2021

Understanding distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in soil profile is important for assessing soil fertility and SOC stock because it varies with soils of different vegetation and land use types. In this context, the objective of this research is that it was conducted to determine key variance in the SOC stock in three different soil layers, 0–20 cm, 20–40 cm, and 40–60 cm of different vegetation covers of Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park of Kathmandu district, Nepal. Overall field measurement was based on standard national methods. We used the dichromate digestion method to analyse SOC concentrations. The highest SOC concentration (%) was recorded as 4.87% in 0–20 cm of oak forest and lowest 0.42% in 40–60 cm of Chir pine forest. Forest types (oak, upper mixed hardwood, lower mixed hardwood, and Chir pine) had SOC stock 149.62, 104.47, 62.5, and 50.85 t/ha, respectively, up to 60 cm depth. However, these values are significantly different (

p
=
0.02

) at 5% level of significance when comparing means between the forest types. The SOC stock was decreased with increased soil depth, though not significantly different at 5% level of significance. Further study with respect to different climate, soil, forest, and land use type is recommended.
Analysis of Influencing Factors of Financial Market Volatility Based on Cluster Analysis
Authors: Chen Haowen
Published: November 2021

The financial market has certain volatility in its stability due to the influence of many factors. In the analysis of the financial market, it is necessary to combine scientific and effective intelligent algorithms. Based on the cluster analysis algorithm, this paper analyzes the factors affecting financial market volatility. Moreover, this paper conducts a more in-depth study and summary of the fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm, derives the analysis and solution process of the improved algorithm in detail, and gives the steps to improve the clustering algorithm. In addition, this paper constructs an analysis model of financial market volatility influencing factors based on cluster analysis and establishes a supply chain financial credit risk evaluation index system that includes the quality of corporate managers, corporate indicators, and asset structure. Finally, this paper verifies the performance of the algorithm model of this paper through experimental research. It can be seen from the experimental research results that the methods and models proposed in this paper have certain effects.
Robust and Blind Audio Watermarking Scheme Based on Genetic Algorithm in Dual Transform Domain
Authors: Wu Qiuling , Qu Aiyan , Huang Dandan , Ma Lejun
Published: November 2021

In order to protect the copyright of audio media in cyberspace, a robust and blind audio watermarking scheme based on the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed in a dual transform domain. A formula for calculating the embedding depth is developed, and two embedding depths with different values are used to represent the “1” and “0” states of the binary watermark, respectively. In the extracting process, the embedding depth in each audio fragment will be calculated and compared with the average embedding depth to determine the watermark bit by bit, so this scheme can blindly extract the watermark without the original audio. GA will be applied to optimize the algorithm parameters for meeting the performance requirements in different applications. Besides, the embedding rule is further optimized to enhance the transparency based on the principle of minimal modification to the audio. Experimental results prove that the payload capacity reaches 172.27 bps, the bit error rate (BER) is 0.1% under the premise that its transparency is higher than 25 dB, and its robustness is strong against many attacks. Significantly, this scheme can adaptively select the algorithm parameters to satisfy the specific performance requirements.
Heat Treatment Effect in the Corrosion Resistance of the Al-Co-Mn Alloys Immersed in 3 M KOH
Authors: Pereyra-Hernández J. G. , Rosales-Cadena I. , Guardián-Tapia R. , González-Rodríguez J. G. , López-Sesenes R.
Published: November 2021

Al-based alloys named M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 doped with different atomic percentage (at%) of cobalt and manganese as cast and submitted at two heat treatments (600°C and 1100°C) were analyzed by using electrochemical techniques to evaluate their corrosion resistance immersed in 3 M KOH. With the heat treatments applied to the alloys, the sample M2 (65% Al, 20% Co, and 15% Mn) observed the highest corrosion resistance withRpvalues of3.0×102,6.2×102, and1.61×103 Ω·cm2as cast, 600°C, and 1100°C, respectively. The latter was in agreement with theIcorrcalculated from the polarization curves where the values decrease based on the heat treatment applied as follows:1.60×103>6.16×102>3.07×102 mA/cm2for 1100, 600, and as cast, respectively. Co concentration above 20% increases the corrosion current (Icorr) and decreases the polarization resistance of the remain samples. The chemical analysis done with EDS and X-ray diffraction made confirmed the presence of compounds such as CoAl, Co2Al5, Co2Al9, MnAl4, and MnAl6.
An Approach to Acquire the Constraints Using Panel Big Data Hybrid Association Rule and Discretization Process for Breast Cancer Prediction
Authors: Althunibat Ahmad , Alzyadat Wael , Muhairat Mohammad , Alhroob Aysh , Almukahel Ikhlas H.
Published: November 2021

In recent years, big data has become an important branch of computer science. However, without AI, it is difficult to dive into the context of data as a prediction term, relying on a large feature of improving the process of prediction is connected with big data modelling, which appears to be a significant aspect of improving the process of prediction. Accordingly, one of the basic constructions of the big data model is the rule-based method. Rule-based method is used to discover and utilize a set of association rules that collectively represent the relationships identified by the system. This work focused on the use of the Apriori algorithm for the investigations of constraints from panel data using the discretization preprocess technique. The statistical outcomes are associated with the improved preprocess that can be applied over the transaction and it can illustrate interesting rules with confidence approximately equal to one. The minimum support provided to the present rule considers constraint as a milestone for the prediction model. The model makes an effective and accurate decision. In nowadays business, several guidelines have been produced. Moreover, the generation method was upgraded because of an association data algorithm that works for dissimilar principles of the structures compared with fewer breaks that are delivered by the discretization technique.
Design and Validation of a Novel Cable-Driven Hyper-Redundant Robot Based on Decoupled Joints
Authors: Huang Long , Liu Bei , Yin Lairong , Zeng Peng , Yang Yuanhan
Published: November 2021

In most of the prior designs of conventional cable-driven hyper-redundant robots, the multiple degree-of-freedom (DOF) bending motion usually has bending coupling effects. It means that the rotation output of each DOF is controlled by multiple pairs of cable inputs. The bending coupling effect will increase the complexity of the driving mechanism and the risk of slack in the driving cables. To address these problems, a novel 2-DOF decoupled joint is proposed by adjusting the axes distribution of the universal joints. Based on the decoupled joint, a 4-DOF hyper-redundant robot with two segments is developed. The kinematic model of the robot is established, and the workspace is analyzed. To simplify the driving mechanism, a kinematic fitting approach is presented for both proximal and distal segments and the mapping between the actuator space and the joint space is significantly simplified. It also leads to the simplification of the driving mechanism and the control system. Furthermore, the cable-driven hyper-redundant robot prototype with multiple decoupled joints is established. The experiments on the robot prototype verify the advantages of the design.
On Semianalytical Study of Fractional-Order Kawahara Partial Differential Equation with the Homotopy Perturbation Method
Authors: Sinan Muhammad , Shah Kamal , Khan Zareen A. , Al-Mdallal Qasem , Rihan Fathalla
Published: November 2021

In this study, we investigate the semianalytic solution of the fifth-order Kawahara partial differential equation (KPDE) with the approach of fractional-order derivative. We use Caputo-type derivative to investigate the said problem by using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) for the required solution. We obtain the solution in the form of infinite series. We next triggered different parametric effects (such as x, t, and so on) on the structure of the solitary wave propagation, demonstrating that the breadth and amplitude of the solitary wave potential may alter when these parameters are changed. We have demonstrated that He’s approach is highly effective and powerful for the solution of such a higher-order nonlinear partial differential equation through our calculations and simulations. We may apply our method to an additional complicated problem, particularly on the applied side, such as astrophysics, plasma physics, and quantum mechanics, to perform complex theoretical computation. Graphical presentation of few terms approximate solutions are given at different fractional orders.
Microbial Characterization of Yellow Curing Process of Codfish
Authors: Dias Susana , Chambel Lélia , Tenreiro Rogério , Nunes Leonor , Loureiro Virgílio
Published: November 2021

Yellow cured codfish has a typical yellow colour, distinctive taste, and low salt content due to its special curing process of the raw salted codfish involving several soaks in water of the raw salted codfish, alternated with drying steps. The purpose of this study was to assess the main functional groups of bacteria involved in this process and relate them with physicochemical properties of the product. A total of 28 codfish from Iceland were supplied by two local companies. Seven stages of the curing process were analyzed. From each of these seven stages, four fish samples were collected to carry out the microbial and physicochemical analyses (moisture, salt content, pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N)). Bacteria counts were performed using the MPN method and adequate culture media for aerobic, proteolytic, sulphite-reducing, biogenic amine, and trimethylamine-producing and ammonifying bacteria. Strains isolated from the highest dilutions with microbial growth were used to characterize the predominant bacteria. The results showed that total aerobic counts increased from 3.9 log MPN/g in raw salted codfish to 5.9 log MPN/g in the final. Proteolytic, ammonifying, and trimethylamine bacteria producers also increased to 8, 7.5, and 6.5 log MPN/g, respectively. The salt content decreases (from 17% until 8%) and moisture increases (53% until 67%) during the salted-raw-codfish soaking, favoring sulphite-reducing and biogenic amine-producing species, confirming that desalting enhances potential spoilers. The subsequent drying step benefits proteolytic, ammonifying, and trimethylamine-producing bacteria, with a corresponding non-protein-nitrogen content (TVB-N and TMA-N) increase. The dominant bacteria during yellow curing belong to the genera Staphylococcus, Psychrobacter, Pseudomonas, and Alcaligenes with a clear positive correlation between the content of Staphylococcus and Psychrobacter and TVB-N and TMA-N concentration. Staphylococcus spp. are the dominant bacteria in the steps where the product has a higher salt concentration; thus, it could be particularly useful as an indicator to control the industrially yellow curing process and could have an important role in the development of the final characteristics of this product.
A GRU‐Based Method for Predicting Intention of Aerial Targets
Authors: Teng Fei , Song Yafei , Wang Gang , Zhang Peng , Wang Liuxing , Zhang Zongteng
Published: November 2021

Since a target’s operational intention in air combat is realized by a series of tactical maneuvers, its state presents the characteristics of temporal and dynamic changes. Depending only on a single moment to take inference, the traditional combat intention recognition method is neither scientific nor effective enough. Based on a gated recurrent unit (GRU), a bidirectional propagation mechanism and attention mechanism are introduced in a proposed aerial target combat intention recognition method. The proposed method constructs an air combat intention characteristic set through a hierarchical approach, encodes into numeric time‐series characteristics, and encapsulates domain expert knowledge and experience in labels. It uses a bidirectional gated recurrent units (BiGRU) network for deep learning of air combat characteristics and adaptively assigns characteristic weights using an attention mechanism to improve the accuracy of aerial target combat intention recognition. In order to further shorten the time for intention recognition and with a certain predictive effect, an air combat characteristic prediction module is introduced before intention recognition to establish the mapping relationship between predicted characteristics and combat intention types. Simulation experiments show that the proposed model can predict enemy aerial target combat intention one sampling point ahead of time based on 89.7% intent recognition accuracy, which has reference value and theoretical significance for assisting decision‐making in real‐time intention recognition.
The Role of miR-23b in Cancer and Autoimmune Disease
Authors: Guo Yu-Xin , Wang Na , Wu Wen-Cheng , Li Cui-Qin , Chen Rui-Heng , Zhang Yuan , Li Xing
Published: November 2021

Short-stranded miRNAs are single-stranded RNA molecules involved in the regulation of gene expression. miRNAs are involved in a variety of cellular physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. miR-23b have been identified to act both as oncogenes and as tumor suppressors. In addition, miR-23b is related to inflammation resistance to various autoimmune diseases and restrained inflammatory cell migration. The characterization of the specific alterations in the patterns of miR-23b expression in cancer and autoimmune disease has great potential for identifying biomarkers for early disease diagnosis, as well as for potential therapeutic intervention in various diseases. In this review, we summarize the ever-expanding role of miR-23b and its target genes in different models and offer insight into how this multifunctional miRNA modulates tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis or inflammatory cell activation, differentiation, and migration.
Moxibustion Inhibits the Expression of Colonic NLRP3 through miR7/RNF183/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in UC Rats
Authors: Li Xi-Ying , Yang Yan-Ting , Zhao Yue , Kong Xie-He , Yang Guang , Hong Jue , Zhang Dan , Ma Xiao-Peng
Published: November 2021

Background. Moxibustion has been recognized as an effective approach for ulcerative colitis, yet its mechanism is not clear. The research aimed to investigate the influence of moxibustion on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and its mechanism in treating ulcerative colitis by observing miR7/RNF183 inducing IκB α ubiquitination to regulate NF-κB signaling pathway in an ulcerative colitis rat model. Methods. An ulcerative colitis rat model was established by unlimited access to self-administration of 3.5% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium solution. Mild moxibustion was applied to bilateral Tianshu points (ST25) in the moxa-stick moxibustion group; rats in the control group were intervened by intraperitoneal injection of ubiquitination inhibitor, MG132. The disease activity index was determined at the end of the intervention; colon injury was observed and scored after hematoxylin-eosin staining; the immunohistochemical method was adopted to detect the expressions of colonic IL-1β and NLRP3 proteins; Western blot determined the expressions of RNF183, IκB α, and NF-κB p65 proteins in the colon; the immunofluorescence test was used to observe the coexpression of IκB α/ubiquitin and IκB α/RNF183 proteins in the colon; immunoprecipitation assay was adopted to observe the interaction between IκB α and RNF183 proteins; and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction determined the expression of colonic miR7. Results. Moxibustion lowered the disease activity index, manifesting as restored colonic tissue and reduced inflammatory reaction, and decreased expression levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β proteins, compared with the model group. It also reduced colonic expression of NF-κB p65 protein, together with the increased level of IκB α protein and weaker expression levels of ubiquitin and RNF183 proteins and mRNAs and stronger expression of miR7. There were no significant differences between the moxa-stick moxibustion group and the control group except the expressions of RNF183 protein and mRNA and miR7. Conclusion. Moxibustion encourages the recovery of colon injury probably by regulating the expression of NLRP3 protein in ulcerative colitis rats through miR7/RNF183/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Multi‐Drone Edge Intelligence and SAR Smart Wearable Devices for Emergency Communication
Authors: Alsamhi Saeed Hamood , Almalki Faris A. , AL-Dois Hatem , Shvetsov Alexey V. , Ansari Mohammad Samar , Hawbani Ammar , Gupta Sachin Kumar , Lee Brian
Published: November 2021

Disasters, either manmade or natural, call for rapid and timely actions. Due to disaster, all of the communication infrastructures are destroyed, and there is no way for connection between people in disaster and others outside the disaster range. Drone technology is the critical technology for delivering communication services and guiding people and monitoring the unwanted effects of a disaster. The collaboration of advanced technologies can reduce life losses, save people’s lives, and manage the disaster crisis. The network performance of collaboration between the Internet of Things (IoT) and drone edge intelligence can help gather and process data, extend the wireless coverage area, deliver medical emergencies, provide real‐time information about the emergency, and gather data from areas that are impossible for humans to reach. In this paper, we focus on the network performance for efficient collaboration of drone edge intelligence and smart wearable devices for disaster management. We focus mainly on network connectivity parameters for improving real‐time data sharing between the drone edge intelligence and smart wearable devices. The relevant parameters that are considered in this study include delay, throughput, and the load from drone edge intelligence. It is further shown that network performance can have significant improvement when the abovementioned parameters are correctly optimised, and the improved performance can significantly improve the guiding/coordinating of search and rescue (SAR) teams effectively and efficiently.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary Schoolchildren in Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa
Authors: Hambury Sydlynn Dorné , Grobler Anna D. , Melariri Paula Ezinne
Published: November 2021

Background. Schistosomiasis remains a public health concern in South Africa (SA), with the highest prevalence of infection found among schoolchildren under the age of 15 years. Knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) studies on schistosomiasis among schoolchildren under the age of 15 years are lacking in the study area. The study therefore assessed primary schoolchildren in Grades 4–7 to determine their knowledge regarding schistosomiasis in the various ages represented in these grades. Methods. The study employed a quantitative descriptive, cross-sectional survey research design approach. A structured, close-ended, Likert-scale, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 458 learners in Grades 4 to 7 aged from 9 to 16 years. Data were analysed using Statistica version 13 software. Bivariate and multivariate techniques were further used to analyse and describe the data and significant associations at

p
=
0.05

were further interrogated using Cohen’s

d

and Cramér’s

V

, to determine the practical significance. Results. Of the 458 learners who completed the questionnaire, 248 (54%) acknowledged having heard of schistosomiasis previously. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (0.779). The KAP scores were calculated as a percentage ranging between 0% and 100%, and this range was split into five equal width intervals 0–19%, 20–39%, 40–60%, 61–80%, and 81–100%. For knowledge, 210 (46%) of the participants obtained a score in the interval 0–19%. For attitudes, 237 (52%) of the participants obtained a score in the interval 0–19%. Therefore, the overall knowledge and attitudes among the study participants towards schistosomiasis were poor. There was a significant difference (

p
=
0.0005

,

V
=
0.42

medium) between male and female participants relating to their practices. It was observed that a high percentage, 69 (15%) of males reported to swimming in slow-moving water compared to a significantly lower percentage, 9 (5%) of females. Furthermore, 23% of the participants reported that there was a river on the way to school. Conclusion. The study revealed that there was a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude. The overall knowledge and attitudes on schistosomiasis were poor. Furthermore, a gender-related difference based on practices emerged significant in the study. The findings are thus valuable in designing effective and targeted schistosomiasis control programmes.
Relation of Some Known Functions in terms of Generalized Meijer
G
-Functions
Authors: Shah Syed Ali Haider , Mubeen Shahid , Rahman Gauhar , Younis Jihad
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to prove some identities in the form of generalized Meijer

G

-function. We prove the relation of some known functions such as exponential functions, sine and cosine functions, product of exponential and trigonometric functions, product of exponential and hyperbolic functions, binomial expansion, logarithmic function, and sine integral, with the generalized Meijer

G

-function. We also prove the product of modified Bessel function of first and second kind in the form of generalized Meijer

G

-function and solve an integral involving the product of modified Bessel functions.
Recognition for Human Gestures Based on Convolutional Neural Network Using the Off‐the‐Shelf Wi‐Fi Routers
Authors: Yang Haixia , Ji Zhaohui , Sun Jun , Xing Fanan , Shen Yixian , Zhuang Wei , Zhang Weigong
Published: November 2021

Human gestures have been considered as one of the important human‐computer interaction modes. With the fast development of wireless technology in urban Internet of Things (IoT) environment, Wi‐Fi can not only provide the function of high‐speed network communication but also has great development potential in the field of environmental perception. This paper proposes a gesture recognition system based on the channel state information (CSI) within the physical layer of Wi‐Fi transmission. To solve the problems of noise interference and phase offset in the CSI, we adopt a model based on CSI quotient. Then, the amplitude and phase curves of CSI are smoothed using Savitzky‐Golay filter, and the one‐dimensional convolutional neural network (1D‐CNN) is used to extract the gesture features. Then, the support vector machine (SVM) classifier is adopted to recognize the gestures. The experimental results have shown that our system can achieve a recognition rate of about 90% for three common gestures, including pushing forward, left stroke, and waving. Meanwhile, the effects of different human orientation and model parameters on the recognition results are analyzed as well.
Semilinear Fractional Evolution Inclusion Problem in the Frame of a Generalized Caputo Operator
Authors: Lachouri Adel , Ardjouni Abdelouaheb , Jarad Fahd , Abdo Mohammed S.
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we study the existence of solutions to initial value problems for a nonlinear generalized Caputo fractional differential inclusion with Lipschitz set-valued functions. The applied fractional operator is given by the kernel

k

ρ
,
s

=
ξ

ρ

−
ξ

s

and the derivative operator

1
/

ξ

′

ρ

d
/
d
ρ

. The existence result is obtained via fixed point theorems due to Covitz and Nadler. Moreover, we also characterize the topological properties of the set of solutions for such inclusions. The obtained results generalize previous works in the literature, where the classical Caputo fractional derivative is considered. In the end, an example demonstrating the effectiveness of the theoretical results is presented.
Experimental Study on Special Testing Strength Curve for Compressive Strength Evaluation by Rebound Method
Authors: Yuan Wei , Yang Renfeng , Yu Jianyou , Han Xiujie
Published: November 2021

This article aims to improve the accuracy and predictability of rebound method in compressive strength evaluation of concrete members of the Yanchong Expressway, which is an important traffic guarantee project for the 2022 Winter Olympics Games in Zhangjiakou city, Hebei Province, China. For this purpose, concrete specimens were prepared by the mixing ratios of C35, C40, and C50. First of all, the paper investigated the effects of curing age, types, and dosage of mineral admixtures (fly ash and slag) on concrete rebound number and compressive strength. Then, the special testing strength curves of 7 d and 90 d curing age were proposed. The results showed that the average relative errors of the special testing strength curves were reduced by 35.99% and 20.26% respectively, compared with the national testing strength curve. Fly ash and slag were beneficial to the growth of concrete rebound numbers but cannot contribute to the growth of concrete compressive strength (except for fly ash single‐mixed with 15% dosage). The present results can provide a significant reference for the compressive strength evaluation and later maintenance of concrete members of the Yanchong Expressway or other projects with tight construction period in this area.
Plasmapheresis, Rituximab, and Ceftriaxone Provided Lasting Improvement for a 27-Year-Old Adult Male with Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS)
Authors: Krouse Adam , Li Huihua , Krenzer Joseph A. , Rose William Nicholas
Published: November 2021

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is a specific autoimmune response to group-A streptococcal (GAS) infections in children and adolescents with a sudden onset of neuropsychiatric disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or tic-like symptoms. We present a case report of a 27-year-old male patient who had lasting improvement with plasmapheresis, rituximab, and ceftriaxone. Our patient first developed sudden psychosis and confusion after GAS infections at age 17. He had elevated anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titers, negative urine drug screen, no ETOH in blood, normal CBC, normal TSH, normal salicylate, normal acetaminophen, and a normal head CT. The tentative diagnosis of PANDAS was made, and the patient was thereafter treated with antipsychotics, antibiotics, tonsillectomy, and IVIG which resulted in remissions and relapses of his neuropsychiatric symptoms. Once he reached age 27, he received a trial of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), rituximab, and ceftriaxone. This eventually resulted in sustained benefit and minimal fluctuations of his clinical symptoms. Our report is noteworthy in three ways.One, he is a 27-year-old adult with PANDAS.Two, he improved after TPE, rituximab, and ceftriaxone. Our literature search yielded minimal data on the use of plasmapheresis for nonteenage adults with PANDAS. Three, he had unusual symptoms of PANDAS, as the typical OCD and/or tic-like symptoms were not observed.
Research on the Computer Case Design of 3D Human Animation Visual Experience
Authors: Liu Kai , Yang Qinghan , Lu Yuhao , Zhang Taoyu , Chen Shuo
Published: November 2021

In the animation industry, with the development of computer software and hardware technology, a new technology began to emerge, that is, three‐dimensional animation. Three‐dimensional animation software first creates a virtual world in the computer. In this virtual three‐dimensional world, the designer builds the model and scene according to the shape and size of the object to be represented and then sets the motion trajectory of the model, the motion of the virtual camera, and the scene according to the requirements. When setting other animation parameters, we need to assign specific materials to the model and turn on lights. When all this is completed, the computer can automatically calculate and generate the final picture. The software Maya can just help animators to complete this work. When using Maya, we can apply many professional courses such as action design, scene design, and storyboarding script design that we have learned. Maya is a 3D software with convenient operability. It can combine the rendered sequence frames with AE to show unique animations. Therefore, the three‐dimensional production method is preferred in the production method. The production of animation based on the 3D software Maya brings infinite challenges. At the same time, it also helps everyone grow and has a good position for our employment direction.
Guifu Dihuang Pills Ameliorated Mucus Hypersecretion by Suppressing Muc5ac Expression and Inactivating the ERK-SP1 Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide/Cigarette Smoke-Induced Mice
Authors: Zhang Huanhuan , Yu Wenying , Ji Liting , Zhong Yusen , Lin Yiyou , Ying Huazhong , Yu Chenhuan , Li Changyu
Published: November 2021

Mucus hypersecretion is a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with increasing sputum production and declining pulmonary function. Therefore, reducing mucus secretion can be a new therapeutic opportunity for preventing COPD. The Guifu Dihuang pill (GFDHP) is a classical Chinese medicine and has been used as an immunoregulator for treatment of kidney yang deficiency syndrome, including hypothyroidism, adrenocortical hypofunction, chronic bronchitis, and COPD, for more than 2000 years. However, the protective effects and mechanisms of GFDHP against mucus hypersecretion in COPD remain obscure. The aim of the present study was to explore the inhibitory effects of GFDHP on lipopolysaccharide/cigarette smoke- (LPS/CS-) induced Mucin5ac (Muc5ac) overproduction and airway goblet cell hyperplasia in mice. The mice were randomly assigned into 6 groups: control, model, GFDHP-L, GFDHP-M, GFDHP-H, and dexamethasone. The mice were given LPS twice through intranasal inhalation and then exposed to CS daily for 6 weeks. Three doses of GFDHP were orally administered daily during the last 3 weeks of the experiment. Pulmonary function was examined with an EMKA pulmonary system, and pulmonary hyperpermeability and lung damage were evaluated with an in vivo imaging system. Inflammatory cells and cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected with a cell count analyzer and though ELISA analysis, respectively. Lung pathological changes and airway goblet cell hyperplasia were analyzed with hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue periodic acid Schiff staining. The protein expression levels of Muc5ac and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-specificity protein1 (SP1) signaling pathway were measured with Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that GFDHP improved pulmonary function and suppressed mouse pulmonary hyperpermeability and edema. GFDHP suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine release in BALF, thereby elevating pulmonary function. It ameliorated lung pathological changes and airway goblet cell hyperplasia, and suppressed expression levels of Muc5ac mRNA and protein and phospho-ERK and SP1 levels in the lung tissues of the COPD mice. In conclusion, GFDHP inhibited mucus hypersecretion induced by LPS/CS by suppressing the activation of the ERK-SP1 pathway.
The Ratio of Platelets to Lymphocytes Predicts the Prognosis of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Jinming , Li Jing , Wei Sheng , Xu Jie , Jiang Xiaohui , Yang Lei
Published: November 2021

Background. In recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has continued to increase. Although the overall prognosis of CRC has improved with the continuous improvement of the level of treatment, the prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is still poor. The purpose of our study is to explore the prognostic value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in mCRC. Methods. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase (via OVID) were systematically searched to obtain all relevant research. We used hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess the associations of PLR and overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Results. A total of twelve studies containing 1452 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed that high levels of PLR were associated with poor OS (HR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.27–2.33, and

P
<
0.01

) and PFS (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.16–2.31, and

P
=
0.033

). Conclusion. Our analysis suggested that high levels of PLR pretreatment may be an effective predictive biomarker for the prognosis of mCRC patients.
An Analytical Study of the External Environment of the Coevolution between Manufacturing and Logistics Based on the Logistic Model
Authors: Zhou Yunfei , Yan Li
Published: November 2021

This paper focuses on the external environmental capacity of the coevolution system of the manufacturing industry and logistics industry. This paper first constructs a dynamic model of the external environmental capacity of the coevolution system by using the logistic model and then simulates the effects of two factors: one factor is the institutional environment affected by the random interference factors of policy and the other factor is the industrial environment affected by the random interference factors of the industrial economy on the coevolution system. This paper discusses the cooperative mechanism of external random interference factors on system evolution, analyzes the nonlinear variation of external environmental factors with time, and gives the estimation method. Finally, we provide an example to prove our findings.