bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trajetórias da sobrevivência da arquitetura e do patrimônio cultural quilombola: memórias e interferências
Authors: Prado Luis Otavio Cunha , Máximo Dayane , Carneiro Leonardo de Oliveira
Published: May 2021

A memória e a história são os componentes que difundem a identidade ao indivíduo, mas são regradas por interferências e transformações. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem como principal objetivo analisar de forma crítica de que modo a arquitetura e o patrimônio cultural quilombola tem sobrevivido. Desse modo, metodologicamente, foi feito uma análise, fazendo o uso do materialismo histórico dialético, a partir das seguintes categorias: história, contradição e trabalho. Com isso, foi obtido como resultado que as diversas formas de construir foram modificadas; tanto o método de trabalho como suas configurações arquitetônicas. Além disso, foi alcançado que parte da memória sofreu modificações, implicadas pela burguesia, o capital e o estado, mas se mantém em partes dada a oralidade e a dimensão territorial.
Patrimônio imaterial no “Caminhos das Missões”: apropriações memoriais ou narrativas coloniais sobre as Missões jesuítico-guaranis?
Authors: Bomfim Gonçalves Ingrid , Conceição dos Santos Larissa
Published: May 2021

O estudo investiga o patrimônio cultural missioneiro e as modalidades de apropriação e exploração turística realizadas pela operadora “Caminho das Missões”, que ofertava, inicialmente, roteiros de peregrinação pela região da Missões no Rio Grande do Sul, mas que desde 2012 passa a incluir um percurso internacional englobando os territórios argentinos e paraguaios. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa analisa a oferta turística comercializada pelo “Caminho das Missões”, tendo o patrimônio cultural missioneiro como principal atrativo, bem como reflete-se sobre a importância da memória e das narrativas propagadas ao longo do percurso, como elementos centrais na constituição imaterial desse patrimônio e de que maneira são retratados os seus personagens fundamentais, jesuítas e guaranis. Para isso, realiza-se uma pesquisa exploratória apoiada por metodologia bibliográfica e documental, além de entrevistas abertas com representantes da operadora turística, e pesquisa etnometodológica compreendendo pesquisa de campo, registro fotográfico e registro textual em diário de campo, realizadas em 2019. Como principais observações, identificou-se que a memória e os relatos dos povos indígenas são sistematicamente silenciados em parte do roteiro realizado em solo brasileiro, sinalizando a adoção de uma narrativa colonial hegemônica, que destaca e enaltece os jesuítas e retraça o seu percurso e suas práticas, em detrimento do legado guarani.
COVID 19 e o fechamento da Ponte Internacional da Amizade
Authors: Mascarenhas Milena Costa , Klauck Samuel
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a relação da covid-19, no período pandêmico de 2020, e os impactos com o fechamento da Ponte Internacional da Amizade, entre os meses de março e outubro, localizada sobre o rio Paraná na região binacional entre Foz do Iguaçu e Ciudad del Este. Para isso, apresenta-se a ponte como um local, historicamente, utilizado para práticas de diferentes manifestações públicas cuja tática adotada é o seu bloqueio, mas que, em 2020 viu-se fechada por uma determinação dos Estados Brasil e Paraguai, ocasionando um amplo movimento pela abertura da ponte devido sua importância nas áreas sociais e econômicas. A pesquisa baseia-se na análise de fontes jornalísticas, historiográficas e documentais.
Apresentação
Authors: Melo Alan Dutra de , Bento Ribeiro Maria de Fátima
Published: May 2021

Apresentação do dossiê
The Occurrence of Conflicts and the Social Divide Do They Affect the Economic Growth of Sub-Saharan African Fragile Countries?
Authors: Freddy Harry YAMBEN Michel
Published: May 2021

The article is an empirical analysis of the relationship between social divide, the occurrence of conflict and economic growth. By examining the impact of the social divide and conflict on the economic growth of six countries in sub-Saharan Africa as well as the effects of predicted variables conflict and economic growth on the social divide, we use ARDL models from the econometric perspective to study the link between conflicts and growth then the Generalized Moments Method (GMM) to solve the endogeneity problem of our main variables and, this from dynamic panel data relating to the period 1980- 2008. The results reveal that conflict destroys economic growth and conversely, economic growth creates new social divides that increase the opportunity for conflict and depress activity. The intensity of the conflicts in these countries seems to be able to project fragile economies more quickly on trajectories which lead them less towards their level of long-term equilibrium growth. Indeed, conflict assessment should be a central concern of development economists for the sake of economic recovery. Finally, the poor performance in terms of growth cannot be blamed on the conflicts whose exacerbation is the cause, but must lead decision-makers to reflect on the structural causes.
The determination of health practices and the sexual quality of life during the prenatal period
Authors: Bakır Nazife , Irmak Vural Pınar , Demir Cuma
Published: May 2021

Objective The aim of this study is to determine health practices and sexual quality of life of women during the prenatal period. Methods The study was conducted with 312 pregnant women without threatened preterm labor who admitted to the clinic of obstetrics and gynecology in a state hospital in the Mediterranean region between June and September 2019. The data were collected by the Descriptive Features Form, the Health Practices in Pregnancy Questionnaire and the Sexual Quality of Life–Female Questionnaire. Results It was found in the study that 93.6% of the pregnant women were married, 69.2% of them had planned pregnancy and 54.7% of them underwent prenatal care for more than 4 times. The mean scores of the Health Practices in Pregnancy Questionnaire and the Sexual Quality of Life–Female Questionnaire were 87.55±5.49 and 63.88±5.95, respectively. It was observed that the health practices of the pregnant women who were younger and underwent prenatal care for more than 4 times were better. Also, it was found that the pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters had higher scores than those in the 1st trimester. Conclusion The health practice levels of the pregnant women are low while the levels of sexual quality of life are moderate in the study.
Evaluation of fetal stress in preeclamptic patients
Authors: Can Esra , Api Oluş
Published: May 2021

Objective Previous studies have established the association between preeclampsia (PE)-induced stress on fetus and elevated 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels (17-OHP) of which known as a stress markers. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between these markers that were analyzed via cord blood with the severity of PE. Methods Consecutive PE women who were admitted to Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Training and Research Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics from August 2009 to December 2009 were recruited. Uncomplicated pregnant women admitted at the same period consisted the control group. Umbilical blood samples were collected from umbilical artery immediately after birth and 17-OHP analyzed. Results The study group consisted of 40 mild PE (n=12) and severe PE patients (n=28) and the control group consisted of 35 patients. Maternal age and body mass index were similar between the study groups, but the fetuses in the severe PE group had a smaller mean gestational age and mean birth weight (p=0.001). Umbilical cord 17-OHP levels were statistically significantly lower in the severe PE patients than the controls [Control group=12.5±4.6 (n=35); mild PE=10.3±6 (n=12, p=0.24), severe PE=9.6±5.2 (n=28, p=0.019)]. Although the patients with mild PE had lower 17-OHP levels, they were not statistically significant (p=0.827). Conclusion In our study, it is found that there is no association between PE severity and the cord blood levels of 17-OHP. The effect of early intervention that prevent feto-maternal complications may lead to normal or low levels of these markers of which was found increased in cord blood of preeclamptic patients in previous studies.
The role of serum fasting plasma glucose in gestational diabetes screening
Authors: Çöl Madendağ İlknur , Eraslan Şahin Mefkure , Madendağ Yusuf
Published: May 2021

Objective We aimed to investigate the performance of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, checked between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in order to find out whether FPG level would help to identify potential GDM cases or not in pregnancies which do or do not undergo oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods This study was performed retrospectively in a tertiary center by accessing the records of 2950 patients who underwent 75-g OGTT in between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. GDM diagnosis was established according to the one-step screening test results. In the patients diagnosed with GDM, the most successful threshold value for the diagnosis calculated statistically was determined for FPG. The specificity and sensitivity values were calculated for FPG. Results After applying the exclusion criteria, 1736 of 2043 pregnant women were normal and 307 (15%) of them were diagnosed with GDM. The mean age was higher in the pregnant women with GDM than the healthy pregnant women when they were compared according to the demographic characteristics (28.6±4.3 vs. 26.2±4.1, p<0.001). Body mass index was also higher in the pregnant women with GDM compared to the health pregnant women (26±2.1 vs. 24±3.1 kg/m2, p<0.001). Other characteristics were similar in both groups. ROC analysis was performed for FPG and the most significant threshold value was found 88 mg/dL (p<0.001, area under curve 0.876, 95% confidence interval 0.850–0.903). Conclusion When FPG is >88 mg/dl in pregnant women who do not want to undergo OGTT, they should be informed in detail about both OGTT and GDM and its potential complications. Thus, the number of GDM cases without diagnosis and its potential complications would decrease.
Isolated levocardia with situs inversus without cardiac abnormality in fetus: prenatal diagnosis and management
Authors: Eriç Özdemir Mucize , Demirci Oya
Published: May 2021

Objective Isolated levocardia is a situs abnormality that the heart is in the normal levo position, but the abdominal viscera are in dextro position. Most cases are accompanied by structural heart anomalies. In this case, we aimed to present a fetus with isolated levocardia without cardiac abnormality. Case(s) The mother was referred to our clinic with a suspicion of fetal dextrocardia at 22 weeks of gestation. When detailed examination was planned by ultrasonography isolated levocardia was detected in fetus. There were no cardiac abnormalities in fetal echocardiography. Fetus was followed up until delivery and newborn was examined again at postnatal period. No problem was detected until the age of 2 years. Conclusion Fetal situs should be assessed by ultrasonography in all pregnant women.
The association between obesity and hematologic inflammatory markers in the first trimester pregnancies
Authors: İncesu Çintesun Feyza Nur
Published: May 2021

Objective Obesity is the defined as the abnormal or excessive accumulation of the fat which is harmful for the health, and its prevalence has been increasing. Many studies have shown that obesity alone leads to inflammation and causes poor gestational outcomes. In our study, we aimed to investigate the association between basic hematologic markers and obesity in the first trimester pregnancies. Methods A total of 321 pregnant women who admitted to the clinic of gynecology and obstetrics in a tertiary state hospital were included in the study. The patients were separated into three groups, which were normal weight (BMI: 18–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI: 25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI>30 kg/m2). Of the patients, the demographic data (age, gravida, and parity) and the parameters of hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet (PLT), eosinophil, basophil, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), plateletcrit (PCT) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) measured in the complete blood count which was checked in the first trimester routinely during the pregnancy follow-up were analyzed. The three groups were compared in terms of inflammatory markers. Results The patients were evaluated in three groups: 108 patients with normal weight (Group 1), 109 overweight patients (Group 2) and 104 obese patients (Group 3). No significant difference was found in terms of age, parity and gravida when the demographic data were analyzed among the groups (p>0.05). When the groups were compared in terms of hematologic markers, similar values were found in the markers other than white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, PLT and PCT values. The difference among white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, PLT and PCT values were between the patients with normal weight and obese patients, and the values of these markers were found higher in overweight / normal weight patient groups than the normal group (p<0.05). Conclusion The values of white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, PLT and PCT which were shown to be associated with inflammation were higher in the obese patients.
Preterm birth and periodontitis: a dilemma of current obstetrics
Authors: Ekiz Didem , Erşahan Şeyda , Ekiz Ali , Altaş Nurcan , Özköse Burak , Özköse Zeynep
Published: May 2021

Objective In current obstetric literature, the influence of periodontal disease on adverse perinatal outcome is a matter of debate. In this prospective cohort study, we aimed to investigate whether there is an association between periodontal status and preterm birth (PTB) via previously unused methodology. Methods In this prospective cohort study, we examined the periodontal status of mothers within 24 hours following birth. In total, 226 puerperal women were examined and placed in two groups; a PTB group consisting of 71 patients, and a term birth (TB) group consisting of 155 patients. All risk factors known to be etiologic factors for PTB were excluded. The patients were classified into three main groups in both groups based on oral examination findings: gingivitis (G), periodontitis (P), and healthy (H). Results Both groups were identical in terms of demographic factors. Regarding possibly influencing factors including smoking, passive smoking and tooth brushing habits, both groups were also identical. The distribution of G, P and H among the groups were similar and the difference was not significant (p=1). p-values among the PTB and TB groups were 40.8% and 40.6%, respectively, and the difference was not significant. When collected data were reanalyzed by splitting the PTB group into early and late PTB, the results were similar and the difference was not significant. Conclusion The confusion over this conflicting association likely results from confounding factors, other factors that can cause PTB and lack of consensus over the diagnostic criteria for periodontal disease. Finally, our prospective cohort study, which strictly excluded possible confounding variables, has not confirmed any association between periodontitis and preterm birth.
Coombs test positivity in cord blood: early detection of risky newborns and the assessment of their follow-up results
Authors: Tuğcu Ali Ulaş , Çiftçi Faika Ceylan , Aktepe Keskin Esra
Published: May 2021

Objective Direct Coombs test (DCT) is a screening process to detect antibodies which are produced against the antigens in the red blood cells of newborns and cause hemolytic disease. In our study, we aimed to compare the demographic data and early period outcomes of the newborns with and without DCT positivity. Methods The data of all newborns who were born in our hospital between January 2019 and September 2019, of whose mothers gave informed consent before the labor and whose cord blood samples were examined were reviewed retrospectively. The data were analyzed by using SPPS 25 (IBM Corp. Released 2017; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) statistics software. Results A total of 302 newborns were included in the study. The results of Direct Coombs test were positive in 27 cases. The phototherapy rate of the cases with positive DCT results was 74% (20/27). It was found that the cases with positive DCT results underwent more phototherapy, started to undergo phototherapy earlier, were hospitalized longer and had lower serum total bilirubin levels compared to the cases with negative DCT results, and these differences were statistically significant (p=0.003, p=0.015, p=0.038 and p=0.026, respectively). Conclusion Today, there is no specific method to prevent jaundice particularly for the newborns with a risk factor. The only thing to do for newborns at this point is to detect if they have risk factors or not, and to follow up newborns with risk factors appropriately. Direct Coombs test has still been playing an important role to predict hemolytic anemia and potential manifestation of hyperbilirubinemia in association with hemolytic anemia in the newborns, and to initiate treatment process as soon as possible.
A rare complication developing after delivery: septic pelvic thromboembophlebitis
Authors: Çintesun Ersin , Bayramoğlu Denizhan , Uysal Emine , Çelik Çetin
Published: May 2021

Objective In this case report, we aimed to discuss a septic pelvic thromboembophlebitis (SPT) case detected 20 days later who had the previous history of cesarean section and had an intrauterine stillbirth vaginally at 30 weeks of gestation. Case(s) A 24-year old patient, who admitted to the emergency service with the complaints of fever and pain in the lower right abdomen and was reported to have a 4 cm formation consistent with thrombus on the right ovarian vein wall in the computed tomography (ST), was hospitalized for follow-up and treatment. The patient whose thrombus showed remission in the check-up tomography scan after the broad-spectrum antibiotherapy and anticoagulant treatment was discharged on the 10th day. The treatment of the patient who did not develop any complication in the follow-ups was completed with recover. Conclusion In conclusion, SPT is a complication which is seen rarely in both obstetric and gynecologic practices. SPT is a disease which may lead to fatal outcomes by late diagnosis but satisfying results with early diagnosis. Abdominal pain and fever symptoms should come to mind in all cases after delivery or operation.
Letter to the Editor: Extraperitoneal cesarean section and transperitoneal cesarean section: does extraperitoneal technique shorten the duration of surgical operation?
Authors: Sargın Fatma Başak
Published: May 2021

No abstract availabe
Reply to the Letter to the Editor: Extraperitoneal cesarean section and transperitoneal cesarean section: does extraperitoneal technique shorten the duration of surgical operation?
Authors: Yeşilbaş Cengiz , Erenel Hakan
Published: May 2021

No abstract available
“Near miss” maternal morbidity following repeat rescue cerclage for twin pregnancy
Authors: Gökmen Karasu Ayse Filiz , Gorchiyeva Irana , Dural Rana , Kutuk Mehmet Serdar
Published: May 2021

Objective Repeat cervical cerclage is one of the treatment options described in the literature for when the primary cerclage suture fails. However, infectious complications of cerclage placement may be encountered which are more obvious for the newborn. In our presented case, severe acute maternal morbidity was encountered for the sake of prolonging pregnancy. Case(s) Twenty-seven year old nullipar patient at 23+5 gestational weeks with dichorionic diamniotic pregnancy was admitted to our emergency clinic with complaints of “pain” and “vaginal bleeding”. At 18 weeks of pregnancy she had a Shirodkar cerclage procedure indicated by a short cervical length (14 mm) at our hospital. She presented with “bulging of membranes” to a different institution and underwent a repeat cerclage at 23+3 weeks. Chorioamnionitis was suspected and the patient was counselled for a pregnancy termination. After termination of pregnancy, “cardiac arrest” developed. After 2 minutes of resuscitation sinus rythm was obtained. The patient was admitted to the ICU. Conclusion The role of repeat cerclage is controversial. Efforts should be maximized to rule out underlying intrauterine infection prior to placement of a cerclage suture for there to be a therapeutic benefit of prolonging the pregnancy.
Evaluation of anxiety levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Güler Aşkın Evren , Demirel Güler Zeliha Çiğdem , Budak Asil , Koparal Buket , Şehirli Kıncı Özge
Published: May 2021

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the anxiety levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) followed by different treatment methods. Methods Our study was carried out with 141 cases whose pregnancy follow ups were made in Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic. Cases which had GDM screening with 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (control group) consisted of 50 cases with 75-g OGTT results in normal range, Group 2 consisted of 50 cases which had significant 75-g OGTT results and followed up by diet (A1), and Group 3 consisted of 41 cases which were diagnosed with GDM as a result of 75-g OGTT and received diet as well as medical therapy (A2). Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) was administered to the patients in Group 1 in 24th week, and to patients in Groups 2 and 3 in the 24th and 32nd weeks. Results In the first evaluation of the patients, BAI scores of the control group were statistically found to be significantly lower than the patients with GDM (p=0.001). There was no significant difference in BAI scores among patients diagnosed with GDM, and high anxiety scores were found in both groups. There was a significant decrease in anxiety levels in the Groups 2 and 3 after the treatment (p<0.01). In the Group 2, the BAI scores were observed to decrease from 51.76±4.47 to 45.62±3.65, and from 51.73±5.27 to 41.48±3.29 in the Group 3 (p<0.001). Conclusion In addition to the metabolic disorders brought by the disease itself, GDM can cause various problems by increasing the levels of anxiety in patients. With an effective treatment for glycemic control, anxiety levels of patients can be reduced.
Investigating the factors affecting postpartum diabetes screening in the patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: a reference tertiary center experience
Authors: Eraslan Şahin Mefkure , Madendağ Yusuf
Published: May 2021

Objective The pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are under the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease after labor. The postpartum diabetes screening has a key role to establish the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and to start necessary treatment at an earlier period. For that purpose, we aimed to investigate the rates of postpartum diabetes screening and the factors affecting these rates in the pregnant women with GDM diagnosis at Kayseri City Hospital which is a reference center. Methods This study was conducted retrospectively in a tertiary center by investigating pregnant women between 18 and 45 years old whose pregnancy follow-ups were done between June 2018 and January 2020. A total of 2652 pregnant women were screened for GDM by 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during routine clinical follow-up and GDM was found in 425 (16%) of these pregnant women. Of these 425 pregnant women, 225 who continued their postpartum follow-ups and whose contact information was accessed were included in the study. The patients were separated into two groups according to their preference of undergoing postpartum diabetes screening. The demographic characteristics, follow-up numbers and gestational complications of the groups were compared statistically. Results We found that only 34.6% (78/225) of the patients included in the study underwent postpartum diabetes screening and 147 (65.4%) of them did not prefer to undergo postpartum screening. There was no difference between the groups in terms of maternal demographic characteristics. It was found that the patients underwent more postpartum diabetes screening tests in a statistically significant way in cases of the need for antenatal insulin treatment, antenatal visit number being >10 and the presence of antenatal complication (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively) which are among the gestational characteristics. Conclusion We found that only 34.6% (78/225) of the pregnant women with GDM diagnosis underwent postpartum diabetes screening, and the need for antepartum insulin treatment, antenatal visit number being more than 10 and the presence of antenatal complications were the important factors affecting screening rates. The patients with GDM should be informed again about the importance of undergoing postpartum diabetes particularly near the labor period and during discharge after labor and the Type 2 diabetes risk should be explained in detail after labor.
Does mobile phone use of women during pregnancy cause hearing problems in infants? Preliminary observation
Authors: Bektaş Hava , Daşdağ Süleyman , Bektaş Mehmet Selçuk
Published: May 2021

Objective Some studies have claimed that long-term conversation with mobile phones can cause hearing loss. However, it has not been investigated whether exposure to mobile phones during pregnancy affects the hearing of babies in the womb. Therefore, the aim of this human study was to investigate the effects of intrauterine radiofrequency radiation (RFR) exposure emitted from mobile phones on the hearing of newborns. Methods The study population comprised 149 newborns. Pregnant women in this study were divided into 4 groups according to RFR exposure duration, such as non-exposure to RFR, exposure to RFR for 2–15 min/day, exposure to RFR for 15–60 min/day, and exposure to RFR for more than 60 min/day. The results of the hearing screening analyses of the newborns, which were performed using transiently evoked otoacoustic emission and auto auditory brainstem response, were investigated retrospectively. Results The results of this study indicated that 900 and 1800 MHz RFR exposure during pregnancy did not cause hearing loss in newborns. Conclusion In conclusion, we observed that the hearing sensitivity and peripheral sound perception of newborns were not affected by RFR exposure emitted from mobile phones during the intrauterine period. Further studies should be performed to illuminate the subject.
Comparison of the levels of antenatal anxiety in pregnant women admitted for delivery before and after COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey
Authors: Güler Oğuz , Hatırnaz Şafak
Published: May 2021

Objective This study aimed to compare the level of anxiety in pregnant women who were admitted to our institute before and after confirmation of COVID-19 outbreak have reached Turkey. Methods One-hundred and fifty consecutive pregnant women admitted to our institute following the emergence of the global COVID-19 outbreak (Group 1) and 150 age-matched pregnant women who were admitted to our institute for delivery following the confirmation of COVID-19 outbreak have reached Turkey (Group 2) were enrolled in this study. All patients were asked to fill out the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results STAI-Trait scores, which reflect long term anxiety levels were similar in subjects admitted to our institute for delivery before the COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey compared to those admitted after COVID-19 outbreak (42.5±5.8 vs. 42.2±3.2, respectively; p=0.487). However, there was a significant difference in STAI-State scores, indicating state anxiety, between subjects admitted to our institute for delivery before and after confirmation of COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey (44.6±5.3 vs. 42.9±5.1, respectively; p=0.05). Conclusion Pregnant women admitted to our institute for delivery subsequent to the announcement of first COVID-19 case and declaration of the state of alarm have higher levels of state anxiety compared to those admitted before the establishment of first COVID-19 cases and containment measures.
Does fetal MR alter the management of pregnancy in the diagnosis of isolated corpus callosum agenesis?
Authors: Behram Mustafa , Sezer Salim , Doğan Yasemin , Acar Züat , Gedik Özköse Zeynep , Gezdirici Alper , Gedikbaşı Ali
Published: May 2021

Objective To determine if fetal MR alters the management of pregnancy and family decisions in the isolated corpus callosum agenesis (CCA) cases or not. Methods Fetal MR was carried out in the cases diagnosed with CCA in the Perinatology Unit of our hospital between 2013 and 2019 after they were differentiated as complex and isolated CCA cases. The impact of MR results on the family decisions and their approaches towards termination were assessed. Results A total of 109 out 139 cases were evaluated as isolated CCA. While 93 (85.32%) of them were diagnosed with the complete CCA, 16 (14.68%) cases were diagnosed with the partial CCA. When the period after 2017 during which fetal MR was recommended to all patients was reviewed, it was seen that 7 (23.3%) of 30 cases who underwent fetal MR and 2 (20%) of 10 cases who did not undergo fetal MR terminated their pregnancies. There was no statistical difference between two groups in terms of the decisions of the patients for gestational termination who did and did not undergo fetal MR. Conclusion Fetal MR imaging in the isolated CCA does not change the decisions of the families for the gestational termination. In terms of the termination decision, week of gestation and socio-cultural factors may have more impacts.
LAYANAN PERPUSTAKAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 (Studi Kasus Pada Perpustakaan Uin Suka Yogyakarta, Uin Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Dan Uin Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
Authors: Fadilla Nurul , Agustina Gina , Hikmat Arsyad Nuzul
Published: May 2021

Era pandemi Covid-19 yang saat ini tengah melanda berbagai belahan dunia, telah membuat  berbagai sektor lembaga mengalami kecemasan. Hal ini menimbulkan berbagai kekhawatiran yang diperkuat pula dengan berbagai berita yang hadir silih berganti. Beberapa cara menghindari pandemi Covid-19 ini dengan menggunakan masker, selalu mencuci tangan, menggunakan handsanitizier, dan melakukan jaga jarak atau social distancing. Selain hal tersebut, work from home turut menjadi salah satu acuan yang diterapkan pemerintah agar para pegawai bekerja dari rumah. work from home pada akhirnya sampai kepada perpustakaan, yang mana pustakawan tidak dapat datang secara langsung ke perpustakaan untuk bertatap muka, melayani pemustaka secara offline, dan lain sebagainya. Akibat hal ini, perpustakaan harus membuat suatu inovasi layanan dalam rangka tetap melakukan penyebaran informasi dan pelayanan yang biasa dilakukan secara offline. Terlebih pada perpustakaan perguruan tinggi yang melayani berbagai macam mahasiswa, dosen dan lain sebagainya. Layanan yang semula bersifat offline, kini mulai berubah menjadi layanan daring sehingga perpustakaan tetap dapat melayani para pemustaka tanpa perlu bertatap muka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui inovasi layanan apa saja yang diberikan perpustakaan perguruan tinggi selama era pandemi Covid-19 ini berlangsung, terutama pada perpustakaan UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta dan UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan studi kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga perpustakaan perguruan tinggi ini melakukan inovasi layanan agar dapat digunakan secara daring oleh para pemustaka. sehingga mareka dapat mengakses koleksi perpustakaan kapan dan dimana saja.  Memanfaatkan media sosial seperti Instagram perpustakaan memberikan informasi-informasi mengenai layanan mereka kepada pemustaka sehingga pemustaka tidak perlu khawatir ketinggalan informasi. Mereka hanya perlu untuk melihat feed yang diberikan oleh perpustakaan secara Up To Date.
Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer: The New Era of Thinking
Authors: Mohammed Amrallah A. , Elbassuiony Mohamed A. , Rashied Hanaa
Published: May 2021

The heterogeneity of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is reflected in a bizarre response to therapy. Although it is chemotherapy sensitive, the failure is the usual pathway either in local or distance status. With progression in Gene Expression Profile (GEP) and other molecular techniques, TNBC is divided into sub-types with unique pathways. In the current review, we are trying to highlight based on the molecular classification of TNBC and the management based on every type.
Interactive role of breast cancer on dyslipidemia and hypertension metabolic risk according to treatment exposure and menopausal status
Authors: Al-Zeidaneen Safaa A. , Ahmad Mousa N. , Al-Ebous Ali D. , Saudi Rawan MohD Al
Published: May 2021

Background

Breast cancer (BC) is the principal cause of cancer related deaths among women worldwide. The available evidence suggests that cardio-metabolic risk factors such as dyslipidemia and hypertension may contribute differently to breast cancer severity and pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the interactive role of BC on dyslipidemia and HTN risk according to the type of treatment exposure and menopausal status.

Patients and methods

Observational experimental design implemented; permit to include 134 newly-diagnosed patients who were naïve to any type of treatment interventions and 262 recently-diagnosed patients during their first three months of treatments’ exposure including chemotherapy treatments. Patients with breast cancer were evaluated for dyslipidemia and hypertension biomarkers.

Results

About 5.0% of breast cancer patients had dyslipidemia. The prevalence of increased triglycerides and total cholesterol were more frequent (p < 0.05) in recently-diagnosed group than in newly-diagnosed patients. While 23% of patients had overt hypertension, with higher (p < 0.05) prevalence in chemo group (28%), triglycerides was higher (p < 0.05) in postmenopausal than premenopausal BC patients (221.0 ± 5.9 vs. 195 ± 4.7 mg/dl). Similarly, the prevalence of abnormal systolic blood pressure (9% vs. 5%) and diastolic blood pressure (11% vs. 7%) was higher (p < 0.05) in postmenopausal patients.

Conclusions

Dyslipidemia and hypertension biomarkers were prevalent among breast cancer patients and the risk increased in postmenopausal women and after treatments’ exposure specially chemotherapy. This conclusion requires a closer attention by healthcare professionals in order to improve the outcomes after diagnosis and to enhance treatment exposure regarding postmenopausal women.
Concordance Between ER, PR, HER2 neu Receptors Before and After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Taha Heba F. , Elfarargy Ola M. , Salem Reham A. , Mandour Doaa , Salem Amira A. , Riad Mohamed
Published: May 2021

Background

Introducing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in a breast cancer patient may be associated with changes in estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth hormone receptor 2 (HER2) status.

Patients and methods

In our prospective cohort study, we evaluated the impact of change in estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth hormone receptor 2 (HER2) on the prognosis of breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). We investigated 110 patients with locally advanced breast cancer for ER, PR and HER2 status of their lesions before and after NCT.

Results

For hormone receptor status (HR) (which include ER, PR) of the residual tumor of the patients after receiving NCT, 12 (10.9%) of them changed from HR (+) to HR (−) and 15 (13.6%) changed from HR (−) to HR (+). For HER2 status after NCT, 8 (7.3%) patients changed from HER2 (+) to HER2 (−) and 9 (8.2%) patients changed from HER2 (−) to HER2 (+). Triple negative (TN) tumor phenotype changes occurred in 17 (15.5%) patients. Patients for whom the HR status changed from positive to negative had poor prognosis for both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in univariate survival analysis.

Conclusions

Changes in ER, PR, HER2 status and tumor phenotype in breast cancer patients after NCT had a negative prognostic impact and were associated with a poor prognosis.
5. Applying Data Mining Methods to Blast‐Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Gauld Jillian
Published: May 2021

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, is one of the most common forms of injury sustained throughout Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom. Diagnosis is difficult for many of the symptoms are very common and may not manifest themselves immediately after the injury. Many studies on blast‐related mTBI have been published from research regarding the current war in Iraq and Afghanistan. Continuous work is underway to more accurately determine its causes and symptoms, as mTBI is considered difficult to diagnose. Using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) developed data mining software PIRANHA, an integrative literature analysis was conducted to assist and facilitate possible research on the processes of mTBI. Data were collected from academic databases as well as PIRANHA’s internet search function. The PIRANHA categories feature was employed to visualize the areas of overlapping research regarding manifestations of mTBI relating to the biological processes and behavioral changes. PIRANHA was also used to review current research on mTBI, including animal testing on mice and swine. The integrated results from these data mining analyses revealed areas that could be studied further, as well as a clearer indication of the specific processes of mTBI. These results can contribute to ORNL’s current LDRD, an mTBI‐specific project.
7. Dkk‐1/Ror2 and Wnt5a/Ror2 Production of CDX2: Defining Intestinal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jantz Jay
Published: May 2021

Wnt signaling regulates cell proliferation and differentiation through ahomeostasis of canonical and noncanonical pathways. Aberrant Wnt signaling induces intestinal adenocarcinoma by promoting stem cell hyperproliferation. In the intestine, Wnt5a binds to its receptor Ror2 to increase the caudal homeobox factor CDX2, a transcriptional activator of intestinal differentiation. Contradictorily, it was also shown that Ror2 alone is overexpressed in adenocarcinoma, and that Ror2 alone will mediate CDX2 increase in vitro. The purpose of this research is to determine how CDX2 is increased by Ror2 alone and Wnt5a/Ror2. Human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT‐29, SW‐480, and RKO) were used as an in vitro epithelial model. HT‐29 cells constitutively express the signaling protein Dickkopf‐1, whereas SW‐480 and RKO do not. Wnt5a/rhDkk‐1 was used to treat Ror2 or siRor2 transfected cells primed with MAP kinase pharmacological inhibitors. The results show that CDX2 was increased after Ror2 overexpression in HT29, but not RKO/SW480 cells. Further addition of Dkk‐1 to RKO/SW480 cells resulted in CDX2 increase. Pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK, casein kinase 1, or Src kinase decreased CDX2 protein ~24% in Dkk‐1/Ror2 cells, while inhibition of JNK, casein kinase 1, or Src kinase in Wnt5a/Ror2 cells decreased CDX2 protein ~35%. The conclusion is that Ror2 increase in CDX2 protein is dependent on Dkk‐1 or Wnt5a. Dkk‐1/Ror2 CDX2 production is mediated by the MAP kinases p38, CK1, and Src. Wnt5a/Ror2 increases in CDX2 require JNK activation, but not p38 MAPK. Different signaling pathways, dependent on the presence of Dkk1/Wnt5a, offer an explanation for the seemingly contradictory increase in Ror2 alone seen in intestinal adenocarcinoma.
8. The Legacy of Robert Sutherland and the History of Racism at Queen's University
Authors: Mitchell Victoria
Published: May 2021

The history of racism at Queen’s University is extensive, hardly researched, and often forgotten by the members and alumni of this institution and community. The inaction of Queen's University to honour the financial donation which saved the university in difficult financial times and the legacy of its exceptional alumnus Robert Sutherland for 148 years is a telling example of this history. This poster is an artistic and educational piece on Robert Sutherland’s life, which balances providing information about dedications to him at Queen’s since 1997 with exposing Queen’s history of excluding the contributions of people of colour from its own history. As there is no visual representation of Robert Sutherland’s life, this pieceseeks to illustrate a subject who was “discovered” by students in the 1990s and whose legacy had thus been lost for over a century. These last two decades of efforts by students finally yielded the naming and dedicating of Robert Sutherland Hall on October 3, 2009. However, the originally adverse reaction of the Board of Trustees to the naming proposal and the exclusivity of the dedication event as put on by Queen’s Administration must not be erased purposefully or through the passage of time. These realities are incorporated into the piece so that “the students of Queen’s ensure [Robert Sutherland’s] legacy lives on and that the contributions of people of colour are never again forgotten.”
9. Epidemiological and Immunologic Profile in an Outpatient HIV Clinic in Southeastern Ontario
Authors: Rumman Amir
Published: May 2021

Kingston represents a unique enclave within Southeastern Ontario owing to the preponderance of correctional facilities within its environs, as well as its geographic location at the crossroads between three of Canada’s largest cities – Toronto, Ottawa and Montreal. This gives the Kingston HIV epidemic a distinctive character. This study provides attempts to construct the epidemiological profile of HIV‐infected patients in Kingston by two prognostic variables –CD4 cell count and viral load– to elucidate any trends in immunologic status and efficacy of treatment for patients followed at the Clinical Immunology Outpatient Clinic (CIOC) in Kingston, Ontario. We conducted a retrospective analysis of HIV‐infected patients managed at the CIOC. Patients were stratified according to gender and year of diagnosis. Median CD4 cell count and viral load at first and most recent visit were compared for both groups. Bivariate analysis of age, gender, HCV co‐infection, nadir CD4 cell count and proportion of patients achieving viral suppression was also undertaken. 528 patients were included in the analysis: 158 active, 106 incarcerated, 94 transferred, 93 known deceased and 77 lost to follow‐up. There were 453 males and 75 females. Male patients had a greater age at diagnosis and a lower proportion of HCV coinfection. Female patients had a greater median CD4 cell count for both the first and most recent visit. There was no significant difference in viral load values between male and female patients. 439 patients had a year of diagnosis on file; 290 were diagnosed before 1997 and 149 were diagnosed in or after 1997. There was no significant change in gender distribution or HCV co‐infection, but patients diagnosed after 1997 had a greater age at diagnosis, a greater first viral load, a greater most recent CD4 cell count and were less likely to be virologically suppressed at first visit. The demographics of patients presenting at the CIOC have been changing in concert with a broader Canada‐wide shift. The findings of this study indicate differences in immunologic status and other prognostic parameters between males and females and a marked shift in demographic and immunologic parameters following the introduction of Highly Active  Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) in 1997. New treatment stratagems will have to be implemented to reflect the changing face of HIV epidemic in Kingston and Ontario.
Containing Disease and Disaster: The Role of Hôtel Dieu of Montreal during the Smallpox Outbreak, 1885
Authors: Hayek Brigid A.
Published: May 2021

In 1885 an outbreak of smallpox threatened the health of Montreal citizens. This prompted Montreal and Quebec health officials to implement a plan of action to contain the disease and ward off disaster. Ideally the health officials intended on reopening quarantine centres located throughout the city, however, these facilities were not ready to service the outbreak. The quarantine facilities required medical equipment and supplies as well as the staff necessary to oversee patient care; neither of which could be re-established within the small window of opportunity health officials had to intervene. Their alternative solution was to convert Hôtel Dieu of Montreal from a general hospital to a specialized smallpox facility. This decision resulted in Hôtel Dieu transferring all patients who still required medical attention, but did not exhibit smallpox symptoms to other hospitals; while allowing the remaining patients to rejoin the general public. The decision to transfer or release all unrelated smallpox cases had serious implications, contributing to 9600 people contracting the virus as well as the death of 3234 Montrealers. It was apparent that the virus had been seeded throughout the city on account of the health official’s actions, but what was more troubling is that their actions indicate that they went against popular medical practices which would dictate against the transfer or release of patients. So the question remains, why did the health officials choose the course of action they did?
Plague on Stage: Theatrical Depictions of AIDS and the Social Response
Authors: Rochford Mark
Published: May 2021

Since AIDS emerged as a health threat in North America in the 1980s, many plays have been written with this disease as central to their plotlines, several to particular critical acclaim and warm audience reception. Tony Kushner’s Angels in America is widely considered one of the theatrical masterpieces of the Twentieth Century, and Jonathan Larson’s Rent remains, more than a decade after its first run on Broadway, one of the continent’s most popular stage musicals. Recognizing that the body of AIDS plays represents a unique interaction between a specific disease and a specific art form, I investigate how the insertion of the theme of AIDS into the world of drama affected the way plays were written, and how the AIDS plays reflected and influenced popular attitudes toward the disease. For my thesis project I am in the process of surveying the portrayals of AIDS in North American plays written between 1985 and 2002, tracking variations in dramatic structure, style, staging techniques, imagery, metaphor, concurrent themes, and the characterization of persons with AIDS and medical professionals. “Plague on Stage” will address the factors that unite and define these plays beyond the thematic inclusion of AIDS, as well as the relationship between theatre and social discourse in terms of a contemporary plague, offering insights gleaned from the AIDS plays on how theatre can more effectively be used as a method of social healing.