bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Encouraging children to write
Authors: Herbert Elaine
Published: May 2014

For many children, the introduction to writing involves tracing over good copies of their names or completing dot-to-dot letter patterns and single letters, all valuable assets in developing the secretarial skills of signs, symbols and conventions but these do not go far in promoting creativity or a desire to communicate. These mark-making skills are often introduced in isolation, not as part of a rich and varied model of literacy where children see adults using their writing skills and tools. Children need to see literacy in action. They need to observe people using print, demonstrating when it is used, how it is used, where it is used and what it is.
It all adds up!
Authors: Coltman Penny
Published: May 2014

One of the priorities in approaching addition is the development of relevant language. Use opportunities in as many contexts as possible to use ‘adding’ words such as ‘too’, ‘together’ and ‘as well’. Examples of useful phrases would be:
A-Z of child health
Authors: Shabde Neela
Published: May 2014

Asthma is a very common, chronic disease in children which affects the air passages. It is considered as an allergic response which may be triggered by a number of allergens such as infection by a virus, house dust mite, pollen, animal hair, dander (animal dandruff), food, exercise, emotional stress, smoke.
news
Authors: Lepkowska Dorothy
Published: May 2014

Children who are born to dyslexic parents will need to be monitored closely during their early education, a new study has found.
New life for tadpole and frog
Authors: Sutherland Sue , Maurer Olwyn
Published: May 2014

Musical instruments, such as a shaker, swanee, whistle and tambour or drum.
Matching maths
Authors: Clay Ann
Published: May 2014

Planning for matching activities outdoors allows the children to revisit and refine skills that they are learning indoors with a totally different approach and covering all areas of learning. Through this, you are also making sure that children who thrive outdoors are getting the same learning opportunities as their peers who prefer to be inside.
Creating a fantastic frieze!
Authors: Linfiled Rachel Sparks
Published: May 2014

Group friezes may brighten up a dull room or fill an empty wall, but they should never be seen simply as wallpaper.
Telly addicts: How TV and film can be good
Authors: Thompson Philippa
Published: May 2014

Research suggests that children use similar skills when watching television to those used when looking at or reading a book. The text may be different – televisual (TV/video) rather than printed (books, comics, environmental print) but the techniques the children use have many similarities.
Developing as a practitioner
Authors: White Hilary
Published: May 2014

While there is no such thing as the perfect practitioner, we can all aspire to be ‘good enough’ – and working on your self-awareness is an important part of the professional development process.
Get cooking!
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: May 2014

This is often the first area of learning that emerges when planning cooking activities for under-fives. Following a recipe involves using lots of mathematical skills such as counting, simple addition and measuring amounts. Children can learn about comparing quantities as they weigh, measure and combine ingredients.
Go round and round!
Authors: Blanchard Chrys
Published: May 2014

During the last 20 years, a strong circle dance movement has evolved. Bernard Wosien started collecting circle dances from different cultures and began to teach them to others. There are now many groups and teachers all over Britain. I first came across circle dancing when my children were very little, and was delighted to find that at many of the events, children were not only welcome, but were encouraged to join in.
Product round-up
Authors: Lee Tracy
Published: May 2014

This is a great craft kit for dinosaur and craft fans. It contains a lot of small items so is not suitable for under-threes.
Recognising their name
Authors: Jones Caroline
Published: May 2014

Children need regular chances, planned and spontaneous, to recognise their own names. Caroline Jones explains how these chances can become a natural part of nursery routine
Let's all paint!
Authors: Whiteford Rhona
Published: May 2014

Rhona Whiteford discusses how to use paint effectively and in a fun way in your setting
What are schemas?
Authors: Arnold Cath
Published: May 2014

The theory of ‘schemas’ is often talked about and used by early years practitoners. But what does it actually mean? Cath Arnold explains
Parachute play
Authors: Evans Jean
Published: May 2014

Parachute play can make a valuable contribution to the programme for physical development. It is an excellent way of increasing children's large movement skills, particularly those in the upper body.
What is Portage?
Authors: Cossins Glen
Published: May 2014

Portage is a scheme for teaching pre-school children with special needs new and useful skills in their own home, through making their parents more effective teachers of their children. It originated in the USA in the 1960s, in Portage, Wisconsin, and was introduced into the UK in 1976.
Achieve, believe, care
Authors: Whiteford Rhona
Published: May 2014

In the next in a series of articles on excellent settings, Rhona Whiteford visits St Wilfrid's nursery and primary school in Standish, Lancashire
Rosie Rabbit and Muppy Monkey
Authors: Williams Brenda
Published: May 2014

Whoosh and swoosh went the autumn leaves swirling and twirling as Jojo and Tiggy tried to catch them. Bertie, their little dog, joined in chasing them around the garden. Grandpa was building a small bonfi re of twigs and leaves, ready for bonfi re night.
Doing it by the book
Authors: Heald Chris
Published: May 2014

Young children need to be active. Young muscles, including heart muscles, need the chance to stretch and move in order to grow strong and develop. Why not try letting the children move about and be active during story-time?
Childcare workers worth 10 times more than they earn
Authors: Lepkowska Dorothy
Published: May 2014

Childcare workers are worth to society nearly 10 times what they actually earn, according to a new report.
news
Authors: Lepkowska Dorothy
Published: May 2014

The Early Years Foundation Stage has forced thousands of childminders to quit, the Conservative party has said.
Setting up a graphics area
Authors: Grant Alison
Published: May 2014

All you need is an area in your room with tables and chairs and storage space. Storage space should be accessible to the children so that they can obtain the equipment as and when they want it. Equipment should be labelled in both picture and written form so that the children know where the equipment belongs.
Messy numbers!
Authors: Harries Judith , Astill Mel
Published: May 2014

This article tackles the development of numeracy skills through different messy mediums. Exploring and handling a variety of materials will provide lots of spontaneous opportunities for talking about volume and capacity and children will enjoy pouring, mixing and measuring while they make a mess. Lots of generic mark making activities can also be adapted to practice forming numbers and shapes
Health education
Authors: Evans Jean
Published: May 2014

Health education is about much more than keeping clean and eating well. Young children need to be aware of how their bodies work. They need to know about changes that take place when they are active or when they are ill, and to understand the reasons why they should keep themselves clean, eat well and have regular exercise. If they feel confident with these things and comfortable with their bodies, then they will grow in self-esteem and feel good about themselves as individuals. Children who are developing this inner confidence of mind and body at a young age will be more capable of coping with the changes associated with growing up and, later, dealing with some of the adverse influences of society, such as smoking, alcohol and drugs.
Drop in childcare places
Authors: Lepkowska Dorothy
Published: May 2014

The total number of childcare places in England has dropped by 11,000 in three months as the recession takes its toll on providers, according to new figures from Ofsted.
Set up a gardening area
Authors: Mountain Julie
Published: May 2014

Developing and caring for a garden in your setting could be just what you need to interest children in their environment
Resolving conflicts
Authors: Underwood Rachael
Published: May 2014

In all settings, however well planned and organised by the adults, young children have conflicts with each other. They have conflicts over materials, for example when two children both want the same toy. They have conflicts over space, for example when one child wants to build a road way and another wants to build a huge rocket in the brick area and they have social conflicts over friendships.
Rhymes to sign
Authors: Langley Trevor
Published: May 2014

Think how much fun you can have doing a nursery rhyme in sign and gesture. (You already do ‘Heads, shoulders, knees and toes’.) ‘Humpty Dumpty’ lends itself well
An inspector calls
Authors: Lepkowska Dorothy
Published: May 2014

Childcare providers are to be inspected by private companies, it has been confirmed.
Observation, Assessment and Planning
Authors: Horvath Martine
Published: May 2014

Martine Horvath looks at how to fit this into the Early Years Foundation Stage
Let's make a goldfish bowl!
Authors: Hampshire Viv
Published: May 2014

Fish are popular pets, both at home and in the classroom. They are cheap to buy, easy to look after, and fascinating to watch. But, when it's not possible to take on the respon sibility of caring for real fish, creating a pretend underwater world can be a fun alternative, and one that offers lots of learning opportunities.
Music and social development
Authors: Brayley Helen
Published: May 2014

We all know how crucial personal, social and emotional development is to children's well-being and learning, but have we ever stopped to consider how well singing supports this area of learning?
Jobs for children
Authors: Paul Smith Sharon
Published: May 2014

Like many of you reading this article, when I was growing up, I came from a household with few – if any – gadgets.
A generous charity donation
Authors: Williams Rob
Published: May 2014

I would like to make your readers aware of Fathers' Story Week, the brainchild of the Fatherhood Institute.
Using backpacks!
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: May 2014

This article has three adult-led activities. Each is based on what may have been observed and is followed up with an idea of how to encourage the children to extend the activity in their child initiated learning.
Sleeping beauty
Authors: Williams Brenda
Published: May 2014

A long time ago, a King and Queen lived in a lovely castle. They had cooks who served delicious food, gardeners who grew beautiful flowers, soldiers who guarded the castle and lots of dogs and horses. But…they were sad.
Party, party!
Authors: Astill Mel
Published: May 2014

Prepare a selection of pictures showing party activities, for example, unwrapping a present. Ask the children to choose a card, keeping it a secret. Encourage them to act out their party piece for others to guess. Encourage discussion as to what is happening, which actions worked best, the successful guesser getting the next turn and so on. Act out a whole party, starting from welcoming the guests, through to eating the cake.
Let’s play shop!
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: May 2014

Young children love to ‘play shop’. I remember my youngest son’s nursery teacher asking him what he would like for his birthday and he replied, ‘a money pinger’, (his name for a cash register) and, unlike so many of his other toys, this was something he played with over and over again.
Little Horseshoe Nursery
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: May 2014

In the first of a new series in which Karen Hart investigates settings that have been rated ‘outstanding’ by Oftsed, she finds out about Little Horseshoe Nursery in Somerset.
Spring festivals
Authors: Parnell Sharon
Published: May 2014

With spring coming up, why not get into the spirit of the season by doing activities that reflect the festivals taking place at this time of year? Sharon Parnell gives you some tips.
Sharing experiences
Authors: Jones Eileen
Published: May 2014

In this article, Eileen Jones suggests activities that encourage children to play together and discover that shared experiences are more satisfying.
Apprenticeships in profile
Authors: Ziolkowski Stella
Published: May 2014

Stella Ziolkowski discusses the role of apprenticeships as an entry route into childcare and considers what is needed from these schemes to ensure progression to Level 3 and beyond.
The child with autism
Authors: Cracknell Kate
Published: May 2014

Kate Cracknell considers the pros and cons of educating an autistic child in a mainstream setting and highlights strategies practitioners can successfully put into place to support the child's individual needs.
All about me…
Authors: Astill Mel
Published: May 2014

In the first article of a new series, Mel Astill develops a growing sense of self by engaging children in a range of activities to celebrate what makes them unique.
Sleeping Beauty
Authors: Davies Alison
Published: May 2014

Alison Davies kicks off a new series about using fairytales to develop communication and language skills with a look at the story of one princess who had to wait a very long time for her prince to come…
A tale of two concepts
Authors: Pandit Kalpana
Published: May 2014

Kalpana Pandit weighs up the pros and cons of two styles of classroom teaching: the ‘open classroom’ and ‘individual group’.
Going underground
Authors: Hampshire Viv
Published: May 2014

Viv Hampshire provides some simple facts and activities to introduce children to the hidden world lying just beneath their feet.
Taking learning outside
Authors: Clark Catherine
Published: May 2014

Creating an outdoor environment that fulfils Ofsted criteria for providing learning opportunities can be challenge. Catherine Clark explains how one nursery improved their space, to positive inspection results.
Our very special toys
Authors: Hodgman Liz
Published: May 2014

Liz Hodgman takes inspiration from the sibling rivalry and favourite objects in I love you blue kangaroo, with activities that help children talk about families and preferences and understand other's feelings.
Records and rationing
Authors: Hampshire Viv
Published: May 2014

Viv Hampshire kicks off a series using different decades to show children other perspectives on the world with a look at the 1940s – era of ‘make-do and mend’ and simple, traditional toys and games.
Art comes naturally…
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: May 2014

Make the most of the outdoor environment with art activities that use nature itself as part of the process. Jenni Clarke's activities include suggestions for creating child-initiated learning opportunities and displaying their work.
We're full of beans!
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: May 2014

The humble beanbag is the perfect resource for activities to develop children's control and coordination and other motor skills. Judith Harries has bags of ideas, with suggestions for differentiation and challenges.
The language of dance
Authors: Bower Jane
Published: May 2014

Jane Bower provides some ideas for supporting you to plan dance lessons that are expressive, thoughtful and rewarding for the pupils in your class.
Early language learning
Authors: Tinley Teresa , Comfort Therese
Published: May 2014

Following government proposals to make learning a language compulsory from seven, what are the hurdles to be overcome for this strategy to succeed?
Early spelling and grammar
Authors: Wyse Dominic , Parker Christine
Published: May 2014

Based on an extract from The Early Literacy Handbook, www.practicalpreschoolbooks.com
Giving effective feedback: Taking the next steps
Authors: Rogers Sue
Published: May 2014

In the second of her articles on ‘assessment for learning’, Sue Rogers explores target setting, modelling, success criteria and effective pupil self-evaluation.
So you’re a Green Flag school – what next?
Authors: Aitken Elizabeth
Published: May 2014

Elizabeth Aitken looks at what you can do to build on your pupils’ enthusiasm for environmental learning once you have reached the highest level of eco-school.
Building communities across the globe
Authors: Cosh Jackie
Published: May 2014

Jackie Cosh interviewed one teacher to find out how her school has developed partnerships with schools worldwide and gained the International School Award.
Strategies for helping children with ADHD
Authors: Cartwright Eva
Published: May 2014

Eva Cartwright explains how you can support children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity disorder to learn, be included and develop self-esteem.
Metacognitive and metalearning skills
Authors: Rogers Sue
Published: May 2014

Sue Rogers explains how discussions about thinking can help teachers to personalise learning, making it relevant to pupils and teaching them to take ownership of it.
Addressing behaviour in the playground…
Authors: David Anthony
Published: May 2014

Anthony David explains how he has worked with pupils to solve some of the problems that have regularly blighted playtimes in the schools he has worked in.
Learning focused lessons
Authors: Keeling Anne
Published: May 2014

Anne Keeling offers some suggestions for writing lesson plans that support pupils to gather knowledge, develop skills and deepen understanding.
Bringing pupils to TASC
Authors: Barnabas Claire
Published: May 2014

Claire Barnabas discusses what it means to encourage children to think actively in a social context and highlights the benefits of doing so.
Can yoga improve a child's behaviour?
Authors: Chissick Michael
Published: May 2014

Michael Chissick presents the case study of Sincliar – a child whose behaviour improved significantly because of his success in yoga lessons over two terms.
Transforming timelines
Authors: Davis John
Published: May 2014

John Davis provides some ideas for using timelines creatively to support a variety of historical projects, and explains why their importance doesn't end in the classroom.
How to tell a good tale
Authors: Pester Dawn Francis
Published: May 2014

Dawn Francis-Pester examines the craft of storytelling and talks to storyteller John Harris to find out his top tips for weaving a magical and engaging yarn.
Nursery rhymes and linguistic development
Authors: Murray John
Published: May 2014

John Murray considers our love affair with nursery rhymes, exploring their role in building phonological awareness, language development and cultural identity.
Time travel in the key stage 2 classroom
Authors: Bower Jane
Published: May 2014

In the second of two articles exploring the way drama can be used to bring history lessons to life, Jane Bower introduces some ideas for the upper primary age range.
SPAG for supper
Authors: David Anthony
Published: May 2014

Anthony David considers the year 6 spelling, punctuation and grammar test – due to be introduced later this year – and its place within the education landscape.
Nursery rhymes for all ages and stages
Authors: Murray John
Published: May 2014

John Murray explores how nursery rhymes can be used effectively in different areas of the curriculum and beyond the youngest age group into key stage 2
Taking away the barriers
Authors: Cartwright Eva
Published: May 2014

Eva Cartwright starts a series of articles for teaching assistants on supporting pupils with English as an Additional Language. This month: helping the child settle in.
Just part of the job?
Authors: Taylor Lorna
Published: May 2014

Working with children every day puts teachers at risk of back pain and other musculo-skeletal problems. Lorna Taylor advises on measures you can take.
Tweet tweet – short form writing is win win
Authors: McKeown Sal
Published: May 2014

Take 140 characters or 100 words, add iPads and what do you get? Sal McKeown visits a school finding apps a sure fire recipe for raising standards in literacy.
Playing with language
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: May 2014

Child-initiated learning in literacy allows fantastic insight into pupils' vocabulary, reading and writing skills, and can both develop and inform adult-led sessions.
Get it out of the box and into the great outdoors
Authors: Betts James
Published: May 2014

Mobile devices have become integrated into learning in many primary classrooms. Now is the time to take them outside the school walls as well, says James Betts.
An integrated approach
Authors: Legon Anthony
Published: May 2014

The changes in assessment and programmes of study need not radically alter your teaching of English. Anthony Legon suggests ways to build grammar in to writing.
Walking in their shoes
Authors: McVittie Emma
Published: May 2014

Emma McVittie offers tips for RE teaching that promote diversity and inclusivity in schools in mono-ethnic areas. This month: ideas for reception and years 1 and 2.
Teach spelling in context
Authors: Legon Anthony
Published: May 2014

Ensuring children know spelling rules and exceptions is a key feature of the proposed new curriculum. Embed it in exciting literacy lessons for meaningful learning.
The future looks healthy
Authors: Francis-Pester Dawn
Published: May 2014

Teachers are ideally placed to impart lifelong skills for healthy living. Dawn Francis-Pester reports on a programme helping schools integrate this into the curriculum.
Stop the press
Authors: Till John
Published: May 2014

Too many newspapers will print stories about teachers assaulting pupils which are completely untrue, says John Till. It's about time teachers had some legal protection
A rough guide to your NQT year
Authors: Clubley Richard
Published: May 2014

So you've survived two terms of your first year of teaching. It gets easier from here, says Richard Clubley
A royal charter
Authors: Sullivan Karen
Published: May 2014

As part of a new six-part series, SecEd columnist Karen Sullivan is visiting six different types of school to find out what makes them tick. She begins this month at the Royal Latin Grammar School in Bucks
Onwards and upwards
Authors: Morris Neil
Published: May 2014

Headteacher Neil Morris has just overseen the introduction of a vertical house system at his school. He explains why and how this has been done, and what benefits it is having
Preparing for the next wave
Authors: Yates Alan
Published: May 2014

Headteacher Alan Yates reports from Warrington on their progress in delivering Diplomas in 2009
The heart of
Authors: Yates Laura
Published: May 2014

School libraries add value and needn't break the bank. Laura Yates reports
Healthy kick start
Authors: Walls Deborah
Published: May 2014

Deborah Walls from Coombe Boys’ School in Surrey, introduced online vocational courses to help a group of boys build their confidence
Putting the Pieces TOgether
Authors: Stockman Tina
Published: May 2014

In last year's Scottish edition of SecEd, Tina Stockman told us how she had been using cognitive behaviour therapy with troubled students. Here, she tells us all about her latest project, Putting the Pieces Together
Female genital mutilation
Authors: Learner Sue
Published: May 2014

It is thought that 23,000 girls under 15 in England and Wales are at severe risk of female genital mutilation, an illegal practice that makes even simple things like going to the toilet a very painful experience. Sue Learner looks at what schools are doing to raise awareness.
Mobile assessment
Authors: Freeman Jamie
Published: May 2014

Teacher Jamie Freeman has won a Fellowship award to help him develop his innovative use of mobile devices for real-time assessment.
Encouraging reflective learning and critical-thinking
Authors: Fleming Sarah
Published: May 2014

When music teacher Phil Kennedy wanted to encourage his pupils to engage more deeply in reflective learning and critical-thinking, he devised an in-class research project. Sarah Fleming explains more.
Computing: A busy year ahead for schools
Authors: Harrison Bob
Published: May 2014

The countdown is well under way towards the new computing curriculum. Bob Harrison considers the challenges facing schools in 2014 – both with computing and wider use of technology – and discusses the support available for computing to help schools hit the ground running in September.
A Twitter guide for schools
Authors: Plumpton Lindsay
Published: May 2014

The use of Twitter by schools, teachers and within education continues to grow rapidly. For those thinking about getting involved, Lindsay Plumpton offers a start-up guide for making the most of Twitter.
Tackling teenage depression – what can schools do?
Authors: Thornton Stephanie
Published: May 2014

How can schools and teachers support young people who are suffering from depression? Dr Stephanie Thornton looks at what research into the issue can tell us.
Strategies for EAL success
Authors: Jarvis Hayley
Published: May 2014

For many schools, it is vital to have a robust strategy for supporting students who have English as an additional language. Hayley Jarvis explains some of her approaches, emphasising that it is not just about literacy.
Previewing Education Innovation 2014
Authors: Ventris-Field David
Published: May 2014

The second annual Education Innovation event takes place in Manchester on February 27 and 28 and SecEd is an official media partner. Event manager David Ventris-Field previews the main attractions.
Key questions for external CPD
Authors: Weston David
Published: May 2014

When commissioning external trainers, consultants or CPD providers, what key principles should schools follow to ensure success? David Weston and Paul Crisp offer their advice.
The links between personality traits and risky behaviours
Authors: Walker Ian
Published: May 2014

A new study has looked at the links between teenagers’ personality traits and risky behaviours like drink and drugs. Professor Ian Walker looks at the implications of what they discovered.
Effective evidence-based teaching
Authors: Kerwin-Nye Anita
Published: May 2014

Anita Kerwin-Nye discusses five things that education networks and groups of schools can do to enable effective evidence-based teaching.
Single-sex classrooms
Authors: Morrison Nick
Published: May 2014

A number of co-educational state schools have moved to single-sex classes in key subjects. Nick Morrison reports on the effects some of these schools have seen.
Using data to lift the lid on your school
Authors: Hilton David
Published: May 2014

By lifting the lid on your school's data and ensuring it is owned by everybody, rapid progress can be made. David Hilton explains.
Ear mites: tackling a persistent problem
Authors: Neves Arminda , Nóbrega Cármen , Mesquita João R. , Vala Helena
Published: May 2014

Ear mites are a common problem in animals and frequently seen in companion animal practice. Otodectes cynotis is the best known ear mite, but is not the only one. Mites from the demodecidae and sarcoptidae family can also be found in the ear canal. Clinical signs of ear mites include excessive scratching of the ear, head shaking and dark brown crumbly wax. Transmission can occur by direct contact and also via fomites. Successful treatment of ear mites requires mechanical cleaning of the ear canal, topical and systemic treatment, and also cleaning of all the material that has been in contact with the mites, for example grooming tools, bedding materials and transport cages.
The professional, legal and ethical issues in VN: a scenario
Authors: Wood Suzanne
Published: May 2014

As veterinary nursing makes the transition from vocation to profession, it will be important that members act according to professional, legal and ethical guidelines. This article discusses a clinical scenario in order to identify how these issues can affect daily practice.
Management of feline idiopathic cystitis: nursing interventions
Authors: Fordham Emma
Published: May 2014

In recent years, the treatment of feline idiopathic cystitis has moved from a drug-based approach to a holistic approach, incorporating the use of behavioural, environmental and dietary therapies. As a result, the veterinary nurse (RVN) has a bigger role in the management of this condition by preventing recurrence. In order to provide the most effective and up-to-date interventions, it is necessary for the RVN to analyze recent research to update knowledge and techniques, particularly as treatment of this condition is constantly evolving. This, along with the use of individualized nursing care plans, should enable the RVN to provide effective holistic nursing care.
How to achieve effective hand hygiene
Authors: Vincent I
Published: May 2014

The importance of good hand hygiene cannot be overemphasized in relation to reducing disease transmission. However, it is important to bear in mind that unless hand washing is done thoroughly then bacteria and other pathogens could be spread to the environment almost as easily as if there has been no attention to method. Contamination of clean hands, post washing, is of course inevitable if surfaces/patients/other environmental factors are not themselves clean. So it is important to wash hands frequently in order to keep potential spread of disease to a manageable minimum. In terms of handling and treating patients in a clinical setting, the practice of effective hand washing pre- and post-procedure will help to maintain a healthy environment for staff as well as patients.
Nursing approach: clinical nutrition of the canine with cardiac disease
Authors: Jenkins Helen , Pace Charlotte
Published: May 2014

Nutrition is a critical component of caring for small animals, but special consideration should be made for the patient with cardiac disease. The degree of heart disease varies greatly, and consequently, so do the nutritional requirements of the patient. Anorexia and cardiac cachexia are problems that veterinary nurses should be aware of; nurses should be able to formulate feeding plans for the individual patient, and be able to provide owners with practical advice.
Experience of designing and implementing a care plan in the veterinary environment
Authors: Brown Charlotte
Published: May 2014

The adoption of nursing care plans (NCP) within veterinary nursing has provided significant opportunity for movement away from the ‘traditional’ medical model, towards a more holistic approach of nursing. NCPs provide guidance for veterinary nurses to implement nursing theory and the nursing process. Current literature regarding NCPs within the veterinary environment provides evidence for their positive effect on animal care. However, published material on this subject is limited within the veterinary workplace. Unfortunately the lack of appreciation for the benefits of using NCPs within the human nursing field continues to influence the general opinion towards the use of these documents in the veterinary field.

The NCP discussed in this article was initiated a week after admission of the patient, therefore allowing excellent opportunity for comparison of the nursing interventions and care to be made prior to and following the introduction of the NCP. The views and comments of all the nursing staff involved with this patient and the NCP have also been considered.
Critical care of the pet ferret (Mustela putorius furo)
Authors: Bament Wendy
Published: May 2014

There is extensive anecdotal and scientific information available on critical care of ferrets; however, there is still much to learn about best practice protocols for treating their critical conditions. In order to provide a realistic treatment plan, it is vital for the veterinary team to acknowledge the specific requirements and responses of ferrets to critical care strategies. This article discusses the treatments available when formulating the care plan for critically ill ferrets by building on existing dog and cat techniques, while also acknowledging ferret-specific anatomical and behavioural traits. Emphasis is given to well-documented, successful procedures and treatments, with a brief discussion about emergency care.
Early enteral nutrition — principles and practice
Authors: Firth Ava
Published: May 2014

This article has three major objectives: to review briefly the physiology and metabolism of the small intestinal mucosa; to summarise the evidence and recommendations regarding early enteral nutrition; and to discuss how to implement early enteral nutrition in small animal veterinary practice.

The gastrointestinal tract has a high metabolic rate and is composed mostly of cells that have a short life. Early enteral nutrition (EEN) contributes to improved gastrointestinal (GI) function, decreased GI permeability and improved patient outcomes. EEN can be delivered starting on day 1 for even critically ill patients. A transition from simple to more complex foods over time results in fewer complications.
Nutritional management of hospitalised dogs and cats
Authors: Parker Valerie J
Published: May 2014

Nutritional support is a vital component of successful management of hospitalised animals. Lack of adequate calories and nutrients can lead to adverse consequences, including loss of lean body mass. These deleterious effects can be seen within 3–5 days of anorexia. Optimal nutritional assessment will allow the clinician to develop an appropriate nutrition plan which will address patient selection, timing, route of administration and diet selection. Early institution of an individualised nutritional plan allows enhanced nutritional management, reduced risk of malnutrition and ultimately improved patient outcome.
Making client communication appetising: talking with clients about nutrition
Authors: Johnson Lily N , Linder Deborah
Published: May 2014

Nutrition is an integral component of pet health, and the veterinary healthcare team is best equipped to guide owners seeking information about pet nutrition. Veterinary nurses have an integral role in client communication about nutrition, especially when obtaining a dietary history and ensuring owner comprehension. Communication strategies, including open-ended questions, reflective listening, non-verbal communication, and empathy, can be practiced by the entire veterinary healthcare team. In order to improve client satisfaction and optimise patient care, the team can use these methods in giving and receiving information from pet owners, working with pet owners to create a plan, and ensuring ongoing compliance.
Social networking — professional platform or professional pitfall?
Authors: Kerrigan Lynne
Published: May 2014

Social networking sites have been increasingly in the news in recent months, with Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, MySpace and Flickr some of the most popular and frequently used websites of the modern day. This article will discuss issues surrounding online social networking as while such websites can be very useful for accessing education, professional networking and dissemination of evidence-based findings, their use can be a very grey area, especially for healthcare professionals.

This article is not intended to deter veterinary professionals from engaging with social media, rather to highlight the potential dangers, as the increased use of social networking sites has the potential to bring risks to the veterinary profession as has been the case with the human healthcare profession.
Flora da Bahia: Catasetum (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Bastos Cláudia Araújo , Van den Berg Cássio
Published: May 2014

The floristic survey of Catasetum (Orchidaceae) from the state of Bahia, Brazil, is presented. Six species were recognized: C. blackii, C. hookeri, C. luridum, C. macrocarpum, C. purum, and C. roseo-album. The treatment includes description of taxa, as well as key for identification, illustrations, and commentaries for species.
Representações dos proprietários e funcionários de fazendas sobre as mudanças e conservação da vegetação ciliar às margens do rio São Francisco, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Da Silva Taline Cristina , Ramos Marcelo Alves , Alvarez Ivan André , Piedade Kiill Lúcia Helena , De Albuquerque Ulysses Paulino
Published: May 2014

No Brasil, foi marcante a ocupação de grupos humanos em áreas com potencial hídrico elevado para odesenvolvimento da agricultura irrigada. Neste contexto, inseri-se o rio São Francisco, que vem passando por constantesmudanças em relação à sua cobertura vegetal original. O presente estudo buscou responder as seguintes perguntas: Comofazendeiros e funcionários representam as possíveis mudanças da vegetação ciliar ao longo do tempo? Quais os eventoshistóricos responsáveis por essas possíveis mudanças? Como os fazendeiros e funcionários representam os aspectosrelacionados às utilidades e à conservação da vegetação ciliar? Um total de 17 homens e oito mulheres, proprietários efuncionários de áreas próximas à vegetação ripária em cinco municípios dos estados da Bahia e Pernambuco, participaramda pesquisa. Entrevistas semiestruturadas e entrevista semiestruturada do tipo projetiva foram empregadas para investigaras representações sobre conservação da mata ciliar e mudanças locais da paisagem, bem como resgatar os eventos históricosque as influenciaram. Com o objetivo de registrar o conhecimento local sobre a diversidade de espécies úteis mais importantesfoi utilizada a técnica de lista livre. Em relação às modificações da paisagem verificou-se que apenas um entrevistadoafirmou não haver mudanças na vegetação ciliar, seis afirmaram que houve mudanças para pior e quatro para melhor.Quatro proprietários responderam que as mudanças na vegetação iniciaram há 10 anos, seis há mais de 30 anos, dois nãosabiam e um não verificou mudanças. Entre os funcionários, cinco afirmaram que elas ocorreram há mais de 20 anos, quatrohá mais de 10 anos e para quatro deles a vegetação não mudou. Observou-se que todos os informantes concordaram que avegetação deve ser conservada, sendo que 64% destacaram que ela protege o rio e os outros 36% indicaram outrasutilidades para a vegetação ciliar, tais como: atrair chuva, fazer sombra, usos medicinais e aumentar a quantidade deoxigênio. Sobre quem seriam os responsáveis pela conservação: 48% disseram que eram os próprios proprietários deterras, 48% afirmaram que era dever de todos conservar e 4% atribuíram a responsabilidade ao IBAMA. Eles tambémapontaram soluções para a conservação da vegetação ripária, como o reflorestamento (39%), não desmatar (17%), educaçãoambiental (13%) e cuidar bem (13%). Futuros projetos de restauração que podem vir a ocorrer nessa área devem levar emconsideração essas diferentes representações, demandas e expectativas.
Flora da Bahia: Dichapetalaceae
Authors: Fiaschi Pedro , Amorim André
Published: May 2014

A floristic inventory of Dichapetalaceae species from Bahia State is presented. Two genera and four species are recognized, all endemic to the Atlantic Forest: Stephanopodium blanchetianum, S. gracile, S. magnifolium, and Tapura follii. Tapura is, for the first time, reported in this State, where it is known by only one fertile collection. Descriptions, illustrations and identification key are provided, as well as, geographic distribution maps, and comments on the habitat and phenology of the species in the State.
The dance of the live and the animated: Performance animation by Kathy Rose, Miwa Matreyek and Eva Hall
Authors: Tomlinson Lynn
Published: May 2014

Live performance combined with projected animation is both very new, with advances in projection mapping and motion sensors, and very old, harkening back to pre-cinematic projected séances, magic lantern shows, and to Winsor McCay’s vaudeville performances with his ‘trained’ animated dinosaur, Gertie. Three contemporary artists embrace accessible tools, like stop-motion programs and hand-drawn animation, to single-handedly create and choreograph one-woman performances populated not only with their own bodies, but also with various animated figures, forms, and designs. Kathy Rose began as an animator, and then later performed with her projections. Miwa Matreyek uses her own figure as a silhouette in her performances, and creates remarkable imagery with two projectors and a screen. Eva Hall’s Nautical Apsara combines stop-motion and digital animation and live dance. All three women project themselves as characters into their animated performances. Each employs different aesthetic approaches, but all reference magic, dream, and mythologies in their work and their imagery. They choreograph their movements to synch with their animated images. The artists play a role behind the camera, and in front of the screen, and play with the dual nature of creator/director and subject/performer. Unlike studio animation, where there have historically been few directors or lead animators, women have had a strong and influential role in independent animation. This paper investigates how these three women from the world of independent animation, by inserting their physical bodies alongside animated projections of their bodies directly into the work and onto the stage, are creating work that fits within a larger tradition of women’s kinetic bodily performance, breaking new ground. My discussion includes my own live performance with animation.
Filantropía, democracia, locura: Diario de una loca de José Victorino Lastarria
Authors: Cid Hidalgo Juan D.
Published: May 2014

Tanto en sus escritos narrativos como en los políticos, sociológicos e históricos, es posible percibir en José Victorino Lastarria un idealismo latente –cifrado en la máxima «combatir la ignorancia»– que va construyendo una filantropía señera en las coordenadas latinoamericanas. La relación puente entre este concepto y su tratamiento en Diario de una loca (1885) evidencian cómo esta breve novela proyecta las paradojas constitutivas de una estructura sustentada por el poder estatal que permite la asunción de ciertos rostros alternos, pero que inexorablemente terminan condenados por una lógica punitiva que los borra, o al menos, los reduce por medio de la fuerza, dándole la más humana de las formas justificando médicamente sus razones. De esta manera el texto desenmascara la filantropía falaz que desestima los derechos individuales en pos del orden y seguridad de la mayoría estadística.
La gestación de imágenes del mestizo en el pensamiento arguediano
Authors: Salazar Zagazeta Carlos Miguel
Published: May 2014

En este artículo planteo un caso de negación simbólica del valor cultural de J. M. Arguedas y después examino algunos significados de la categoría de «mestizo»; una noción central y vinculada tanto a sus escritos literarios como sociales. Por eso, es interesante analizar algunas imágenes sobre el mestizo plasmadas desde el principio en su narración considerada indigenista, la cual se transforma en narración «total» en sus últimos trabajos. De la imaginación etnológica de Arguedas nos han llegado nociones cada vez más nítidas de un discurso social comprometido, en el cual se distinguen los protagonistas indios, mestizos y señores en relación a la sociedad y economía o a las artes y la música. También se discuten las acepciones y matices sobre el mestizo que se modifican, sin suponer esquematismo alguno. Mi lectura distingue diferentes representaciones del mestizo ficcional e histórico, ambos forjados e identificados en la construcción de su entera narración. El mestizo es seguramente una de las categorías que nos ofrece una comprensión mejor del valor de la identidad actual en los Andes.
Paradoxical Leadership to Enable Strategic Agility
Authors: Lewis Marianne W. , Andriopoulos Constantine , Smith Wendy K.
Published: May 2014

Strategic agility evokes contradictions, such as stability-flexibility, commitment-change, and established routines-novel approaches. These competing demands pose challenges that require paradoxical leadership—practices seeking creative, both/and solutions that can enable fast-paced, adaptable decision making. Why is managing paradox critical to strategic agility? And which practices enable leaders to effectively manage tensions? This article describes the paradoxical nature of strategic agility. Drawing from data from five firms, Astro Studios, Digital Divide Data, IBM Global Services Canada, Lego, and Unilever, it proposes leadership practices to effectively respond to these challenges.
The democratic peace proposition: An agenda for critical analysis
Authors: Chan Steve
Published: May 2014

The proposition that democracies are more peaceful than autocracies has spawned a huge literature. Much of the relevant quantitative research has shown that democracies indeed rarely, if ever, fight each other, although they are not necessarily less bellicose than autocracies in general. This essay seeks to identify several areas of concern that offer fruitful directions for further research to extend and clarify this proposition. These concerns relate to (1) conceptual clarification, (2) methodological assumptions, (3) causal interpretations, and (4) policy relevance.
False Color and Infrared Imaging for the Identification of Pigments in Paintings
Authors: Aguilar-Téllez Dulce María , Ruvalcaba-Sil José Luis , Claes Pieterjan , González-González Diana
Published: May 2014

In the study of cultural heritage, most of the analytical techniques are point-specific or give information about small areas of the object. Therefore it is essential to obtain an overview of which points are suitable for these further investigations. To fulfill this, a first imaging study is the best way to proceed. Hereby, we can record the entire piece at once and observe the behavior and relation between different materials of the object. Various types of light can be used to obtain a selection of images and consequently also different information about the artifacts. Among them, infrared (IR) photography can be used as a first analysis, for instance, to reveal the pigments’ response upon interaction with IR radiation.

In following we will present results obtained via IR video-photography on a selection of painted objects from the Mexican cultural heritage. These items are analyzed by False Color procedure, where colors are assigned to every grey tone of the pure IR photo. Hereby it is possible to distinguish between certain pigments on the painted surface.
The Role of Dissolved Organic Matter in Adsorbing Heavy Metals in Clay‐Rich Soils
Authors: Refaey Yasser , Jansen Boris , El-Shater Abdel-Hamid , El-Haddad Abdel-Aziz , Kalbitz Karsten
Published: May 2014

Heavy metals (HMs) are toxic to human life and the environment when present in excessive concentrations. Therefore, determining the interactions of HMs with soils and dissolved organic matter (DOM) is essential to predict their fate. To find out the effect of DOM and soil properties (clay minerals, oxides, and bulk organic matter [OM]) on the uptake of Cu, Ni, and Zn, batch adsorption experiments were conducted using five soils sampled from Egypt. The sorption isotherms were well described by the initial mass (IM) isotherm model. The amount and timing of DOM addition was found to play a pivotal role in determining the affinity of the HMs for soil. When DOM and HMs were added simultaneously, the affinity of Cu decreased in Fe‐(hydr)oxide‐rich soils (by 7%) and increased in soils poor in Fe‐(hydr)oxide (by 6–10%). When DOM was added first, followed by HMs, the affinity of Cu strongly increased. In contrast, affinity of both Ni and Zn was enhanced (3–18%) in the presence of DOM, regardless of the timing of DOM addition. The difference is explained by Cu binding to the solid phase and DOM through strong inner‐sphere complexes, whereas Ni and Zn adsorbed predominantly through weaker electrostatic interactions. As a result, Cu was able to bind more strongly to previously adsorbed DOM on the solid phase in the case of smectite, while this effect was counteracted by the coating of available specific binding sites on Fe‐(hydr)oxides. The study has revealed that Egyptian soils hold great potential to remove HMs from aqueous solutions.