bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Last Millennium Volcanic Forcing and Climate Response using SO2 Emissions
Authors: Marshall Lauren R. , Schmidt Anja , Schurer Andrew P. , Abraham Nathan Luke , Lücke Lucie J. , Wilson Rob , Anchukaitis Kevin , Hegerl Gabriele , Johnson Ben , Otto-Bliesner Bette L. , Brady Esther C. , Khodri Myriam , Yoshida Kohei
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Climate variability in the last millennium (past 1000 years) is dominated by the effects of large-magnitude volcanic eruptions; however, a long-standing mismatch exists between model-simulated and tree-ring derived surface cooling. Accounting for the self-limiting effects of large sulfur dioxide (SO2) injections and the limitations in tree-ring records such as lagged responses due to biological memory reconciles some of the discrepancy, but uncertainties remain particularly for the largest tropical eruptions. The representation of volcanic forcing in the latest generation of climate models has improved significantly, but most models prescribe the aerosol optical properties rather than using SO2 emissions directly and including interactions between the aerosol, chemistry and dynamics. Here, we use the UK Earth System Model (UKESM) to simulate the climate of the last millennium (1250–1850) using volcanic SO2 emissions. Averaged across all large-magnitude eruptions, we find similar Northern Hemisphere (NH) summer cooling compared with other last millennium climate simulations from the Paleo Model Intercomparison Project Phase 4, run with both SO2 emissions and prescribed forcing, and a continued overestimation of surface cooling compared with tree-ring reconstructions. However, for the largest-magnitude tropical eruptions in 1257 (Mt. Samalas) and 1815 (Mt. Tambora), some models including UKESM1 suggest a smaller NH summer cooling that is in better agreement with tree-ring records. In UKESM1, we find that the simulated volcanic forcing differs considerably from the PMIP4 dataset used in models without interactive aerosol schemes, with marked differences in the hemispheric spread of the aerosol, resulting in lower forcing in the NH when SO2 emissions are used. Our results suggest that for the largest tropical eruptions, the spatial distribution of aerosol can account for some of the discrepancies between model-simulated and tree-ring derived cooling. Further work should therefore focus on better resolving the spatial distribution of aerosol forcing for past eruptions.
Estimation of seasonal methane fluxes over a Mediterranean rice paddy area using the Radon Tracer Method (RTM)
Authors: Curcoll Roger , Morguí Josep-Anton , Àgueda Alba , Cañas Lídia , Borràs Sílvia , Vargas Arturo , Grossi Claudia
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The Ebro River Delta, in the northwestern Mediterranean basin, has an extension of 320 km2 and is mainly covered by rice fields. In the framework of the ClimaDat project, the greenhouse gases atmospheric station DEC was installed in this area in 2013. The DEC station was equipped, among others, with a Picarro G2301 instrument and an ARMON (Atmospheric Radon Monitor) to measure both CH4 and CO2, and 222Rn concentrations, respectively. The variability of methane fluxes over this area and during the different phases of the rice production cycle was evaluated in this study by using the Radon Tracer Method (RTM). The RTM was carried out using: i) nocturnal hourly atmospheric measurements of CH4 and 222Rn between 2013 and 2019; and ii) FLEXPART-WRF back-trajectories coupled with radon flux maps for Europe with a resolution of 0.05º x 0.05º available thanks to the project traceRadon. Prior to the calculation of methane fluxes by RTM, the FLEXPART-WRF model and the traceRadon flux maps were evaluated by modelling atmospheric radon concentrations at DEC station and comparing them with observed data. RTM based methane fluxes show a strong seasonality with maximums in October (13.9 mg CH4 m-2 h-1), corresponding with the period of harvest and straw incorporation in rice crop fields, and minimums between March and June (0.2 mg CH4 m-2 h‑1 to 0.6 mg CH4 m-2 h-1). The total estimated methane annual emission was about 262.8 kg CH4 ha‑1. These fluxes were compared with fluxes directly measured with static accumulation chambers by other researchers in the same area. Results show a stunning agreement between both methodologies, both having a very similar annual cycle and monthly mean absolute values.
Testing the reliability of global surface temperature reconstructions of the last glacial cycle
Authors: Baudouin Jean-Philippe , Weitzel Nils , May Maximilian , Jonkers Lukas , Dolman Andrew M. , Rehfeld Kira
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Reconstructing past variations of the global mean surface temperature is used to characterise the Earth system response to perturbations as well as validate Earth system simulations. Reconstructing GMST beyond the instrumental period relies on algorithms aggregating local proxy temperature records. Here, we propose to establish standards for the evaluation of the performance of such reconstruction algorithms. Our framework relies on pseudo-proxy experiments. That is, we test the ability of the algorithm to reconstruct a simulated GMST, using artificially generated proxy data created from the same simulation. We apply the framework to an adapted version of the GMST reconstruction algorithm used in Snyder (2016), and the synthesis of marine proxy records for temperature of the last 130 kyr from Jonkers et al. (2020). We use an ensemble of 4 transient simulations of the last glacial cycle or the last 25 kyr for the pseudo-proxy experiments. We find the algorithm to be able to reconstruct timescales longer than 4 kyr over the last 25 kyr. However, beyond 40 kyr BP, age uncertainty limits the algorithm capability to timescales longer than 15 kyr. The main sources of uncertainty are a factor, that rescales near global mean sea surface temperatures to GMST, the proxy measurement, the specific set of record locations, and potential seasonal bias. Increasing the number of records significantly reduces all sources of uncertainty but the scaling. We also show that a trade-off exists between the inclusion of a large number of records, which reduces the uncertainty on long time scales, and of only records with low age uncertainty, high accumulation rate, and high resolution, which improves the reconstruction of the short timescales. Finally, the method and the quantitative results presented here can serve as a basis for future evaluations of reconstructions. We also suggest future avenues to improve reconstruction algorithms and discuss the key limitations arising from the proxy data properties.
An Analysis of Cloud Microphysical Features over UAE Using Multiple Data Sources
Authors: Zhang Zhenhai , Afzali Gorooh Vesta , Axisa Duncan , Radhakrishnan Chandrasekar , Kim Eun Yeol , Chandrasekar Venkatachalam , Delle Monache Luca
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Water is a precious resource and is important for human health, agriculture, industry, and the environment. When water is in short supply, monitoring and predicting the current and future occurrence of precipitation-producing clouds is essential. In this study, we investigate the cloud microphysical features in several convective cloud systems in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) using multiple data sources, including aircraft measurements, satellite observations, weather radar observations, and reanalysis data. The aircraft observation dataset is from an airborne research campaign conducted in August 2019 in the UAE. The cloud cases were identified through analysis of cloud spectrometers mounted on the aircraft. Then, we investigated the microphysical features of those cloud cases with a focus on precipitation microphysics. The effective radius of the cloud particles retrieved from geostationary satellite data was compared with the aircraft in-situ measurement. Using the effective radius retrieved from satellite data, we developed a framework to identify five microphysical zones: diffusional droplet growth zone, droplet coalescence growth zone, supercooled water zone, mixed phase zone, and glaciated zone. The identified zones were verified using the aircraft observations, and the transferability of the 5-zone concept was tested using additional cloud cases. The results show that our 5-zone concept successfully detects the microphysical features related to precipitation using satellite data in the UAE. This study provides scientific support to the development of an applicable framework to examine cloud precipitation processes and detect suitable cloud features that could be tracked for further precipitation analysis and nowcasting.
Are physiological and ecosystem-level tipping points caused by ocean acidification? A critical evaluation
Authors: Cornwall Christopher E. , Comeau Steeve , Harvey Ben P.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Ocean acidification (OA) is predicted to cause profound shifts in many marine ecosystems by impairing the ability of calcareous taxa to calcify and grow and by influencing the physiology of many others. In both calcifying and non-calcifying taxa, ocean acidification could further impair the ability of marine life to regulate internal pH and thus metabolic function and/or behaviour. Identifying tipping points at which these effects will occur for different taxa due to the direct impacts of ocean acidification on organism physiology is difficult because they have not adequately been determined for most taxa nor for ecosystems at higher levels. This is due to the presence of both resistant and sensitive species within most taxa. However, calcifying taxa such as coralline algae, corals, molluscs, and sea urchins appear to be most sensitive to ocean acidification. Conversely, non-calcareous seaweeds, seagrasses, diatoms, cephalopods, and fish tend to be more resistant or even benefit from the direct effects of ocean acidification, though the effects of ocean acidification are more subtle for these taxa. While physiological tipping points of the effects of ocean acidification either do not exist or are not well defined, their direct effects on organism physiology will have flow-on indirect effects. These indirect effects will cause ecological tipping points in the future through changes in competition, herbivory, and predation. Evidence for indirect effects and ecological change is mostly taken from benthic ecosystems in warm temperate–tropical locations in situ that have elevated CO2. Species abundances at these locations indicate a shift away from calcifying taxa and towards non-calcareous taxa at high-CO2 concentrations. For example, lower abundance of corals and coralline algae and higher covers of non-calcareous macroalgae, often turfing species, are often found at elevated CO2. However, there are some locations where only minor changes or no detectable changes occur. Where ecological tipping points do occur, it is usually at locations with naturally elevated mean pCO2 concentrations of 500 µatm or more, which also corresponds to just under that concentration where the direct physiological impacts of ocean acidification are detectable in the most sensitive taxa in laboratory research (coralline algae and corals). Collectively, the available data support the concern that ocean acidification will most likely cause ecological change in the near future in most benthic marine ecosystems, with tipping points in some ecosystems as low as 500 µatm pCO2. However, further research is required to more adequately quantify and model the extent of these impacts in order to accurately project future marine ecosystem tipping points under ocean acidification.
Amending the algorithm of aerosol-radiation interaction in WRF-Chem (v4.4)
Authors: Feng Jiawang , Zhao Chun , Du Qiuyan , Yang Zining , Jin Chen
Published: June 2024

Abstract. WRF-Chem is widely used to assess regional aerosol radiative feedback. However, in current version, aerosol optical properties are only calculated in four shortwave bands, and only two of them are used to “interpolate” optical properties towards 14 shortwave bands used in the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTMG) scheme. In this study, we use a “Resolved” algorithm to estimate aerosol radiative feedback in WRF-Chem, in which aerosol optical properties are calculated in all 14 shortwave bands. The impacts of changing this calculation algorithm are then evaluated. The simulation results of aerosol optical properties are quite different using the new “Resolved” algorithm, especially for dust aerosols. The alteration of aerosol optical properties result in considerably different aerosol radiative effects: the dust radiative forcing in the atmosphere simulated by the “Resovled” algorithm is about two times larger than the original “Interpolated” algorithm; The dust radiative forcing at top of the atmosphere (TOA) simulated by the “Interpolated” algorithm is negative in all Sahara region, while the “Resolved” algorithm simulates positive forcing at TOA and can exceed 10 W/m2 in the Sahara desert, which is more consistent with previous studies. The modification also leads to changes in meteorological fields due to alterations in radiative feedback effects of aerosols. The surface temperature is changed due to the difference in radiation budget at the bottom of the atmosphere (BOT) and the heating effects by aerosols at the surface. Furthermore, the amendment of algorithm partially corrects the wind field and temperature simulation bias compared to the reanalysis data. The difference in planet boundary layer height can reach up to ~100 m in China and ~200 m in Sahara, further resulting in a greater surface haze considerably. The results show that correcting the estimation algorithm of aerosol radiative effects is necessary in WRF-Chem model.
Offshore wind farms modify low-level jets
Authors: Quint Daphne , Lundquist Julie K. , Rosencrans David
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Offshore wind farms are scheduled to be constructed along the east coast of the United States in the coming years. Low-level jets (LLJs) – layers of relatively fast winds at low altitudes – also occur frequently in this region. Because LLJs provide considerable wind resources, it is important to understand how LLJs might change with turbine construction. LLJs also influence moisture and pollution transport; thus, the effects of wind farms on LLJs could also affect the region’s meteorology. We compare one year of simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting model with and without wind farms incorporated, focusing on locations chosen by their proximity to future wind development areas. We develop and present an algorithm to detect LLJs at each hour of the year at each of these locations. We validate the algorithm to the extent possible by comparing LLJS identified by lidar, constrained to the lowest 200 m, to WRF simulations of these very low LLJs. In the NOW-23 dataset, we find offshore LLJs in this region occur most frequently at night, in the spring and summer months, in stably stratified conditions, and when a southwesterly wind is blowing. LLJ wind speed maxima range from 10 m s-1 to over 40 m s-1. The altitude of maximum wind speed, or jet "nose", is typically 300 m above the surface, above the height of most profiling lidars, although several hours of very low-level jets (vLLJs) occur in each month in the dataset. The diurnal cycle for vLLJs is less pronounced than for all LLJs. Wind farms erode LLJs, as fewer LLJs occur in the wind farm simulations than in the no-wind-farm (NWF) simulation. When LLJs do occur in the simulation with wind farms, their noses are higher than in the NWF simulation: the LLJ nose has a mean altitude near 300 m for the NWF jets, but that nose height moves higher in the presence of wind farms, to a mean altitude near 400 m. Rotor region (30–250 m) wind veer is reduced across almost all months of the year in the wind farm simulations, while rotor region wind shear is similar in both simulations.
Perancangan Order Management System Berbasis Web Application untuk IKM Garmen
Authors: Martina Tina , Fauzi Irfandhani , Pramesvari Ursae , Ramadhan Akbar , Asri Lily Nafisa
Published: June 2024

Industri 4.0 merupakan upaya transformasi menuju perbaikan dengan mengintegrasikan media online dan lini produksi di industri, di mana semua proses produksi berjalan dengan internet sebagai penunjang utama. Pandemi Covid-19 telah mempercepat transformasi digital di berbagai industri, salah satunya industri garmen. Hal ini dikarenakan para pelaku industri dituntut untuk menemukan cara agar dapat mempertahankan bisnis yang dijalankan di era new normal. Para pelaku industri garmen berskala kecil dan menengah pun diharapkan dapat mengikuti adanya transformasi digital untuk memberikan pelayanan yang mudah, cepat, dan dinamis bagi konsumennya. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah pembuatan suatu sistem informasi yang dapat membantu proses pemantauan seluruh aktivitas pengelolaan pesanan, seperti pencatatan pesanan yang dibuat oleh konsumen, monitoring status pesanan selama proses produksi hingga pengiriman pesanan, pengelolaan dokumen pesanan, dan pembuatan laporan. Sistem informasi yang dibangun adalah Order Management System (OMS). Perancangan dasar OMS dilakukan berdasarkan proses bisnis yang ada pada industri garmen berskala kecil dan menengah secara umum. Program OMS kemudian juga dirancang untuk dapat diimplementasikan pada berbagai industri garmen berskala kecil dan menengah, melalui penyesuaian dengan proses bisnis yang ada pada industri tersebut. Perancangan OMS terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu dimulai dari tahap analisis, desain, pengkodean, pengujian kelayakan dan implementasi pada IKM garmen. Dengan adanya program OMS ini diharapkan dapat memudahkan industri dalam pengolahan data, meminimalisir kesalahan, dan memberikan kepuasan pelanggan.
Kinésèmismes dans le cadre du symbolisme objectif de S.V.Voronine
Authors:   UBFC - Université de Bourgogne et Franche-Comté. Centre Pluridisciplinaire Textes et Cultures (EA 4178), Quantin-Voronova Ekaterina
Published: June 2024

Depuis les années soixante du XXème siècle, grâce aux chercheuses canadiennes I.K.Taylor et M.M.Taylor (1965), nous distinguons deux types de symbolisme phonétique : subjectif et objectif. Le symbolisme phonétique subjectif concerne la recherche du lien motivé entre son et sens existant dans la psychique humaine. Ce type de symbolisme phonétique peut être mis en évidence à l’appui des expériences psycho-linguistiques. Le symbolisme phonétique objectif, à son tour, vise la découverte du rapport naturel entre son et sens existant potentiellement dans les mots d’une langue indépendamment du locuteur.
L’alternance -ar/-ear en morphologie verbale espagnole : Quelques exemples d’analyse au prisme de la cognématique et de la chronomorphogénèse
Authors:   Université de Lille – Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Ramirez Charlène
Published: June 2024

Dans l'article présent, nous proposons une analyse submorphémique de l’alternance verbale -ar/-ear à partir des théories de la cognématique (D. Bottineau) et de la chronomorphogénèse (Y. Macchi). La mise en contraste des formes verbales en -ar et -ear nous permettra d’isoler la voyelle E et de nous interroger sur les impacts morphophonologique et sémantique que cette voyelle pourrait induire au sein du binôme verbal dans lequel elle a trouvé refuge.
Languaging as Emergent Constraint-satisfying Self-organizing Activity
Authors:   University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway, Thibault Paul John
Published: June 2024

Languaging is a manifestation of intelligent human action that enables selves to seek and to co-articulate functional fits between self and selected aspects of the self's social and cultural environments. Selves have open-ended endogenous tendencies that strive for articulation in social situations. The final products of these tendencies -- specific utterances -- have functional capacities to enter into co-articulated relations with the other functioning components of larger-scale socio-affective-cognitive assemblages. Internal processes of microgenetic construction that have their origins in the pre-linguistic infra-structure of the self are corporeally schematized and entrained to and shaped by global order parameters, e.g., lexicogrammatical pattern. Intrinsic functional constraints on languaging activity are the work of a complex non-optimized system (the self) that draws on available resources in context-sensitive ways in order to yield social and cognitive outcomes. Infant proto-language is a guide to the emergence of these constraints.
Synthesis, Characterization, Enhanced Solubility and Antioxidant Activity of the Inclusion Compound of 2-Amino-N-o-tolyl-benzamide and Beta Cyclodextrin
Authors: A Ben Hadj Amor A Ben Hadj Amor , A Mezni and R Abderrahim A Mezni and R Abderrahim
Published: June 2024

The objectives of this research, were to study the effect of beta cyclodextrin on the enhancement of the solubility and the antioxidant activity of 2-Amino-N-o-tolyl-benzamide (ATB). ATB was obtained by a new synthesis method and used to form inclusion compound macromolecule with -CD. The characterization of the ATB and the complex were subsequently established by FT-IR; 1H NMR; 13C NMR; NMR 2D spectra and XRD. The optical activity was measured. The interaction of β-CD and ATB was also analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy in order to determine the formation constant. The stoichiometry of the complex was 1:1. Furthermore, the solubility and antioxidant activity of ATB were significantly enhanced upon complexation with β CD.
Purulent Complications after Planned Operations in a Multidisciplinary Hospital
Authors:   Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital of St. Joasaph, Al-Kanani Edrees S. , Soloshenko Aleksandr V. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Nikolayev Sergey B. ,   Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital of St. Joasaph, Oleynik Natalya V. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Gerasimov Igor V. ,   Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital of St. Joasaph, Ivashchuk Orest D. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Isabaeva Zhyldyz N. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Yarosh Andrey L. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Sletov Aleksandr A. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Linkov Nikolay A. ,   Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital of St. Joasaph
Published: June 2024

The study included 326 patients who are visiting the surgical department of the Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital of St. Joasaph with purulent postoperative wounds in the period from 2018 to 2022 after elective surgeries. The largest number of patients hospitalized by us with suppuration of the postoperative wound, previously operated on for hernias – 116 (35,58 %), in second place in terms of number was the group of patients after operations on the abdominal organs (Laparotomy) – 50 (15,34 %), patients with infection of the skin and soft tissues after operations on bone tissue (metal osteosynthesis) were 32 (9,82 %), after (total arthroplasty of large joints) – 48 (14,72 %) patients, operations on the peripheral vessels of the lower extremities were performed in 50 (15,34 %) patients, in 30 (9,2 %) patients have previously undergone surgery on the organs of the mediastinum (Sternotomy). From the general list of possible causes of the development of purulent wound complications after elective surgical interventions described in the literature, we identified the frequency of their occurrence, and the correlation analysis made it possible to identify those that had the closest relationship with the resulting indicator (the fact of wound suppuration after surgery with ranking the severity of the purulent-inflammatory process according to the ASEPSIS scale). The regression models built on the basis of the identified parameters were characterized by high coefficients of determination (> 0.8), were significant (reliable) and made it possible to predict the expected value of the patient's postoperative wound assessment. It has been established that the dynamics of changes in the state of the postoperative wound was most strongly affected by such indicators as the use of synthetic and metal implants, temperature in the operating room < 210C or > 240C, wound area in cm2, air temperature in the ward > 240C, and the presence of soft tissue hematoma in the area of the postoperative wound.
A Dimensão Afetiva na Educação Monástica: A Influência de Aelredo de Rievaulx no Contexto Cisterciense do Século XII
Authors: Moura Filho Raimundo Carvalho , Letras Gilvan da Silva Alves
Published: June 2024

Os cistercienses, uma ordem beneditina reformada do século XII, valorizaram a dimensão afetiva nas relações sociais e espirituais. O termo affectus representava um movimento espontâneo em direção ao outro, refletindo a conexão com o mundo social e transcendente. A linguagem emocional e os conceitos afetivos, como pathos e passio, eram centrais na antropologia religiosa da época. A pesquisa destaca a ligação entre afetividade e educação monástica, principalmente nos escritos de Aelredo de Rievaulx, que integrava esses elementos na formação espiritual e interpessoal dos monges, influenciando a pedagogia cisterciense. Como os cistercienses moldaram a educação monástica por meio da afetividade e espiritualidade?
Twin reverse arterial perfusion sequence: A case report and literature review
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Dickson John H
Published: June 2024

Twin reverse arterial perfusion sequence (TRAPS) is one of the complications of monochorionic twin gestation. It is characterised by large intertwined arterial-arterial anastomosis in which blood flows from one twin (pump twin) to the other twin (perfused twin) In a retrograde pattern. We report a case of monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation complicated by TRAPS in a 38-year-old G4P3 trader who was referred to the antenatal clinic of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital on account of unusual abdominal distension of one-week duration at 31 weeks gestational age. Ultrasound scan done at presentation showed a monochorionic diamniotic twin with the first twin in a transverse lie with an estimated foetal weight of 1.7kg, foetal heart rate of 150 beats per minute, and Twin 2, had no foetal head, no cardiac pulsation with significant tissue swelling. A diagnosis of TRAPS was made for which she was admitted and delivered by emergency caesarean section. The pump twin was admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) And succumbed to cardiac failure 24 hours after delivery
A case of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient presenting as late complication onychomadesis
Authors:   Diagnostic Department and Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece., Emmanouil Mary , Martinez-Gonzalez Beatriz ,   Diagnostic Department and Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece., Evangelidou Maria ,   Diagnostic Department and Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece., Angelakis Emmanouil ,   Diagnostic Department and Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
Published: June 2024

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood viral disease, characterized frequently by flu-like illness with fever, myalgia and typical vesicular lesions on the palms, soles, buttocks and oral cavity. Although HFMD primarily occurs in children, it can also be seen in immunocompromised adults. This report describes a laboratory-confirmed clinical case of Echovirus-7 hand, foot and mouth disease, presented with typical clinical features and late complication onychomadesis in an immunocompromised patient with systemic lupus erythematosus in Greece.
Adult-onset still’s disease with macrophage-activation syndrome presentation in a critically ill woman in the second trimester of pregnancy: A case report
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel., Stein David , Patel Utsav ,   Internal Medicine, Medical College Baroda, Vadodara, India., Foster Kyle ,   Department of Critical Care, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States., Rednor Samuel ,   Department of Critical Care, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States.
Published: June 2024

Background: A rare inflammatory illness known as Adult-Onset Still’s Disease (AOSD) is typically characterized by a high fever, arthralgias, and a transient rash of salmon hue. Systemic immune hyperactivation syndrome known as Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) can occur as a primary process in those with a genetic predisposition or it can be brought on by another disease, frequently a viral infection or cancer. When a rheumatologic condition serves as the trigger, secondary HLH is referred to as Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS). Reduced natural killer (NK) cell activity, increased soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), and generally, excessive cytokine production appear to be components of both AOSD and MAS pathogenesis.
A severe acute cholestatic hepatitis due to visceral leishmaniasis in a child using monoclonal antibodies and systemic steroids
Authors:   Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain., Jijón Andrade María Clara
Published: June 2024

Acute cholestatic hepatitis is a rare but potentially severe manifestation of visceral leishmaniasis. There are few described pediatric cases of acute hepatitis due to leishmaniasis, and to our knowledge, this is the first reported case in a pediatric patient with associated monoclonal antibody therapy. The novelty of monoclonal antibodies requires further investigation of their potential involvement in systemic infections. The development of haemophagocytic syndrome in visceral leishmaniasis is very rare and can represent an additional challenge in diagnosis and management.
Hibernoma mimicking a lipoma: A case report of a rare benign tumor
Authors:   General Surgery Department, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, UAE., Buti Fatima , Ahmed Suhaila ,   General Surgery Department, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, UAE., Amal Ayesha ,   General Surgery Department, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, UAE., Kabeer Anaum ,   General Surgery Department, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, UAE., Kaiyasah Hadiel ,   General Surgery Department, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, UAE.
Published: June 2024

Hibernomas are rare, benign soft tissue tumors developed from fetal brown fat [1]. They account for around 1.6% of benign lipomatous tumors and present as progressive, slow-growing, painless subcutaneous masses [2]. Hibernomas resemble lipomas in their clinical behavior, but their unique imaging and histopathologic features may aid in differentiating them from each other [1]. We report a case of a 19-year-old Emirati woman who presented with painful lower back swelling for one year. The lesion was excised, and the histopathology revealed a diagnosis of hibernoma. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged on the second postoperative day. The management approach of hibernomas varies as per the symptoms, our patient was managed with surgical intervention whereas asymptomatic patients can be observed. Surgical resection is the definitive treatment. No local recurrence has been reported.
Back pain as a manifestation of Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors:   Resident in Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Fuenlabrada, Spain., Martín Fátima Escalona , Macías María Toledano ,   Internal Medicine Physician, University Hospital of Fuenlabrada, Spain., López Pablo Fuentes ,   Anatomopathologist, University Hospital of Fuenlabrada, Spain.
Published: June 2024

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a neoplastic histiocytic disorder characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from single organ lesions to a multi-systemic disease. Even though it is more common during the childhood, the incidence in adults is less defined and it may be misdiagnosed due to its clinical heterogeneity [1]. Main sites involved are bones (skull, vertebral bodies), lungs (typically in adult smokers) and skin (common in children). It is also important to assess the involvement of risk organs (liver, spleen or haemopoietic system) to determinate the severity of the diseas [2]. The definitive diagnosis requires a confirmation through histological and immunochemistry examinations, and molecular tests are also recommended to identify BRAF mutations and to estimate the prognosis and decide between different treatment strategies [3].
A 32-vertex generalization of the logical square: "Logical Lantern" for propositions in V.I. Markin's Universal language for traditional positive syllogistic theories
Authors: Cherkashina Oksana
Published: June 2024

In this work is constructed a visual representation for logical relations (contradiction, subalternation, contrariety, subcontrariety) among propositions about each of the possible relations between two non-empty sets. Those relations between sets are equity, strict inclusion, reversed strict inclusion, intersection, exclusion and their combinations (disjunctions); also is used the constant of falsity "none".

This representation follows the results by V.I. Markin, who created a universal language for traditional positive syllogistic theories. This language includes syllogistic constants for propositions about each of the 32 possible relations between two non-empty sets (5 basic constants; complex constants, constructed from basic ones; constants for truth and falsity).
Among these 32 constants are the traditional vertices of the square of opposition: A ("All S are P"), E ("No S are P"), I ("Some S are P"), O ("Some S are not P").

The proposed scheme shows contradiction and subalternation and allows to deduce contrariety and subcontrariety relations among the propositions in question. It allows to easily find all the propositions that are in a given relation with some (arbitrary) chosen proposition. It also allows to find the relation between two chosen propositions. The scheme also helps to think about the square of opposition and similar diagrams on a meta level.
Among the things it helps to think about are relations that are similar to those in the square of opposition, although not themselves present in the square. They are what we called "exhaustive n-place contrariety" and "exhaustive n-place subcontrariety" (n is a natural number, n is greater than 2) – logical relations that are similar to usual contrariety (subcontrariety), but hold among more than two propositions and have an additional property: all the n propositions in this relation taken together are both truth-incompatible and falsity-incompatible.

The proposed scheme can be used as a whole, or in parts (in a reduced way) - as diagrams that would show the logical relations among some but not all the possible propositions about relations of two non-empty sets.

Such diagrams can be seen as variations of the Lantern, and the Lantern – as their generalization. One of the variations is the square of opposition, one more – Blanché hexagon. Other possible variations are more or less similar to the ones just mentioned and can have the same or different properties, making the Lantern – together with V.I. Markin's Universal language for traditional positive syllogistic theories, on which the Lantern is based, – a "common denominator", an instrument to compare and study the properties of different diagrams.
Ações de fortalecimento da capacidade local para o cuidado contínuo de pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS e prevenção combinada em região de fronteiras: relato de experiência
Authors: Moura Lilian Nobre de , Silva Gilvane Casimiro da , Colombo Marcia Rejane , Kamimura Akemi
Published: June 2024

Introdução: O projeto de fortalecimento das capacidades locais em prevenção combinada e cuidado contínuo para HIV/AIDS em região de fronteira é uma iniciativa conjunta do Ministério da Saúde (MS), da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS), das Secretarias Estaduais de Saúde (SES), das Secretarias Municipais de Saúde (SMS) e outras parcerias. Implementado por meio de ações catalíticas no contexto dos municípios prioritários, é delineado um plano de ação conforme as prioridades e características da epidemia no território para qualificar e ampliar a prevenção, a atenção e o cuidado das pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência do projeto nos estados de Roraima, Rondônia e Acre. Métodos: Trata-se de relato de experiência da construção e da execução do plano de ação de cada território nos anos de 2020 a 2023. Resultados: Iniciado em 2020 em Roraima, o projeto contribuiu para expansão de serviços de testagem, oferta de profilaxia pré-exposição (PrEP), profilaxia pós-exposição (PEP) e autoteste com foco em populações vulneráveis, especialmente trans, trabalhadoras do sexo, indígenas refugiadas e migrantes, e ações de mitigação dos impactos da COVID-19 no acesso aos serviços de saúde. Em 2021 foram implementadas ações no Acre e em Rondônia. Nos anos seguintes, buscou-se consolidar a expansão e o aprimoramento de serviços de prevenção combinada e cuidado contínuo com ampliação da rede de cuidado e fortalecimento da sociedade civil, ações de base comunitária entre pares, além da manutenção das atividades desenvolvidas em anos anteriores. Conclusão: Nas regiões em que o projeto foi implementado, observamos aumento da oferta de prevenção combinada, ampliação de serviços, diagnóstico e tratamento, além do matriciamento do cuidado para outros pontos da rede de atenção. A fim de impulsionar as políticas públicas relacionadas ao HIV/AIDS e às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) em região de fronteira no norte do país, faz-se necessário fortalecer a rede local, consolidar os serviços de prevenção combinada e ampliação de ações de base comunitária.
PrEP na rua: profilaxia ao HIV nos fluxos da cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Silva Adriano Queiroz da , Borges Fernanda Medeiros , Paula Cristina Aparecida de , Rodrigues Susete Filomena Menin , Pinheiro Levi , Noguti Carolina Marta de Matos , Abbate Maria Cristina
Published: June 2024

Introdução: A profilaxia pré-exposição (PrEP) ao HIV tem sido uma estratégia importante para redução de novos casos dessa infecção. Ainda que a cidade de São Paulo tenha 56 serviços municipais de saúde que ofertam PrEP, além de 17 unidades 24 horas para retirada de medicamento por meio de consulta no SPrEP – PrEP e PEP Online, criado em 2023, em 2021, a Coordenadoria de IST/Aids implementou o projeto PrEP na Rua, para dar acesso a essa tecnologia em ambiente comunitário, sobretudo às populações mais vulneráveis e prioritárias à epidemia de HIV/AIDS. Objetivo: Verificar a aceitabilidade de oferta de PrEP e profilaxia pós-exposição (PEP) em ambientes comunitários e ampliar o acesso a essas tecnologias. Métodos: A PrEP na Rua consiste em ofertar PrEP e PEP em atividades extramuros, com testagem rápida de HIV, exame point-of-care de creatinina, cadastro e dispensação do medicamento no mesmo dia e local, principalmente em dias e horários alternativos aos serviços tradicionais. Essas atividades são realizadas pela Coordenadoria de IST/Aids da Cidade de São Paulo e pela Rede Municipal Especializada (RME) com unidades móveis ou na estrutura de locais parceiros. O tamanho das equipes varia conforme a expectativa de quantidade de pessoas atendidas e local. Resultados: De junho de 2021 a junho de 2023, foram realizadas 177 atividades de PrEP na Rua, com 3.623 testes rápidos de HIV realizados, 993 PrEP iniciadas e 9.524 autotestes distribuídos. Em setembro de 2022, a Coordenadoria solicitou análise da equipe do Ministério da Saúde para inclusão do campo “extramuros” no Sistema de Controle Logístico de Medicamentos (SICLOM), alteração feita em março de 2023. Conclusão: Ainda que haja uma rede de serviços instalada na cidade de São Paulo, é de extrema importância que a PrEP seja uma opção extramuros, principalmente àquelas populações que têm mais dificuldade de acesso aos serviços, como jovens moradores, mulheres trans, travestis e profissionais do sexo.
Multiplicação de saberes para a prevenção combinada ao HIV e outras infecções sexualmente transmissíveis
Authors: Filgueiras Sandra , Santamarina Claudia , Rebello Juliana , Pires Denise
Published: June 2024

A prevenção das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST), do HIV e da AIDS tem exigido dos profissionais de saúde diferentes formas de atuação, conforme seu contexto de trabalho e a necessidade dos usuários. Visando à oferta da prevenção combinada no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a Gerência Estadual de IST/AIDS do Rio de Janeiro vem incentivando a educação permanente e a formação de multiplicadores, em parceria com as Superintendências de Atenção Primária e de Educação Permanente e Coordenações Municipais de IST/Aids e Atenção Primária. Para subsidiar o trabalho dos agentes multiplicadores, foi elaborado o “Manual para Multiplicação de Saberes para Prevenção Combinada ao HIV e outras IST”. A publicação aborda os diversos métodos de prevenção e suas diferentes possibilidades de combinação, conforme o contexto de vida e as práticas sexuais de cada pessoa. O Manual apresenta bases conceituais e epistemológicas, além de um modelo de oficina que trabalha os dispositivos biomédicos, comportamentais e estruturais da prevenção combinada. Esse tem sido uma ferramenta pedagógica útil para apoiar tecnicamente o trabalho de multiplicadores da prevenção combinada em diferentes territórios. Oferece recursos para que trabalhadores e gestores de saúde tenham condições de aprimorar práticas cotidianas em prevenção combinada ao HIV e outras IST, entendendo sua diversidade, as várias possibilidades trazidas por esse modelo de prevenção e a importância de que as ações de prevenção do HIV contemplem os diferentes riscos e vulnerabilidades apresentados pelos usuários do SUS.
Exposição de sífilis no Brasil: história, ciência e arte
Authors: Aragón Mayra Gonçalves , Passos Mauro Romero Leal , Petra Thiago , Lannoy Leonor Henriette De , Gaspar Pamela Cristina , Miranda Angélica Espinosa
Published: June 2024

Introdução: Espaços para apresentação de arte, história e cultura são excelentes atividades para abordar educação, saúde e ciência. Objetivo: Descrever o processo de elaboração e características da exposição “Sífilis: História, Ciência, Arte”. Métodos: A exposição foi elaborada pelo Ministério da Saúde, em parceria com a Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS), a Sociedade Brasileira de Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis e o Setor de Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). O projeto, da concepção à execução, durou 2 anos, sendo elaborado com reuniões on-line (pandemia de COVID-19) e encontros presenciais no local da exposição (Paço Imperial – 2º andar), na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: A exposição contou com artefatos históricos dos primeiros métodos de diagnóstico e tratamento da sífilis, por exemplo: ampola de penicilina da década de 1940, ampola de neosalvarsan da década de 1910, além de obras artísticas, como livros, poesias, vídeos, o busto de Girolamo Fracastoro, a sala sensorial de fluxo sanguíneo com treponemas, e réplicas de pinturas de Rembrandt, Toulouse-Lautrec e Edvard Munch, entre outros materiais nacionais e internacionais relacionados à sífilis. O período de visitação ocorreu de novembro de 2021 a fevereiro de 2022, com entrada de mais de 15.000 pessoas, entre profissionais da saúde e das artes, comunidade acadêmica, grupos escolares e população em geral e, após seu encerramento, a visita foi alocada em ambiente virtual (http://exposifilis.aids.gov.br/tour). Em questionário de avaliação com pontuação de 1 a 5 do quanto gostou da exposição, 91,1% das 45 respostas avaliaram com pontuação máxima a vertente “História”, e 86,6%, “Ciência” e “Arte”. Ampliar a divulgação para a população jovem foi uma das principais sugestões. Conclusão: A exposição com visitação presencial e on-line mostraram-se como uma ferramenta inovadora para disseminar informações sobre a sífilis. A exposição itinerante apresenta-se como uma proposta para expandir a divulgação do tema, com possibilidade de tradução do conteúdo para regiões de fronteira.
ecnologias sociais inovadoras de educação e saúde para prevenção das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, HIV/AIDS no Rio Grande do Sul: geração consciente e o cuidado com jovens
Authors: Costa Adriano Henrique Caetano , Santos Bruna Saraiva , Lentz Deise da Silva , Eifler Raphaela Popoviche , Silva Maria do Carmo Almeida da , Ikeda Letícia Maria Rodrigues , Baggio Ana Lúcia Pecis , Carvalho Fernanda Torres de
Published: June 2024

O surgimento da AIDS e o aumento da incidência da infecção pelo HIV continuam como um dos grandes desafios da saúde global. No Brasil, ao comparar taxas de detecção de casos de AIDS nos últimos 10 anos, observa-se o aumento das taxas no Rio Grande do Sul (RS). A partir de 2021, o Governo Estadual do RS, por meio das Secretarias de Saúde, Educação e Segurança (Programa RS Seguro), em parceria com a Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (Unesco) e o Programa Conjunto das Nações Unidas sobre HIV/Aids (UNAIDS), lançaram o programa “Tecnologias sociais inovadoras de educação e saúde para a prevenção de ISTs, HIV/Aids no Rio Grande do Sul”, com o objetivo de oportunizar espaços para discussão de questões relacionadas à saúde integral dos adolescentes do ensino fundamental e médio da rede pública de educação. Trata-se de um jogo cultural e educativo entre as escolas do RS iniciando pela formação dos professores que desenvolvem as metodologias com os alunos. O programa é ancorado em estratégia de gamificação, o que proporciona maior engajamento dos jovens. As temáticas trabalhadas norteiam-se por três eixos: aprendizagem socioemocional, violências e direitos sexuais e reprodutivos. Esse último tema trabalha na perspectiva de saúde e reflexões sobre autocuidado na vivência da sexualidade, da gravidez, do HIV e de outras infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs). Dessa forma, abre-se o diálogo para pensar em práticas na perspectiva de gerenciamento de riscos. A articulação entre saúde e escola nos territórios possibilitou a procura e o acesso dos adolescentes e jovens aos serviços de saúde, contribuindo com a promoção da saúde e o cuidado consigo e com o outro. Assim como a integração entre saúde-educação-segurança, para que os estudantes conheçam a rede e saibam quais canais acessar, bem como a autonomia para a tomada de decisões nas situações de suas vidas, é importante que os (as) adolescentes tenham espaços para criação coletiva e discussão sobre assuntos importantes que os (as) acompanharão para o resto de suas vidas.