bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СЕЗОННАЯ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ СВЯЗИ КОНДЕНСАЦИОННОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ АЭРОЗОЛЯ С ОТНОСИТЕЛЬНЫМ СОДЕРЖАНИЕМ ЛЕТУЧИХ КОМПОНЕНТ В ЕГО СОСТАВЕ
Authors: Терпугова С.А. , Яушева Е.П. , Полькин В.В. , Чернов Д.Г. , Антонов А.В. , Панченко М.В.
Published: December 2022

По данным измерений в 2000-2019 гг методом активной спектронефелометрии проанализирована взяимосвязь гигроскопических свойств аэрозоля с объемной долей веществ, испаряющихся из частиц в разных диапазонах температуры при их искусственном нагреве. В течение всего года наблюдается стабильная отрицательная корреляция параметра конденсационной активности и объемной доли веществ, улетучивающихся в диапазоне 200-250°С. Стабильная положительная корреляция наблюдается в диапазоне температур от 25-75 до 160-200°С, границы интервала варьируют в зависимости от сезона.
РАСЧЕТ КОЭФФИЦИЕНТОВ УШИРЕНИЯ ЛИНИЙ SO2 ДАВЛЕНИЕМ CO2
Authors: Невзорова Т.А. , Дударёнок А.С. , Лаврентьев Н.А. , Лаврентьева Н.Н.
Published: December 2022

Рассчитаны коэффициенты уширения линий оксида серы давлением углекислого газа в полосе ν1+ν3 для переходов P-, Q-, R-ветвей с вращательными квантовыми числами нижнего состояния J от 0 до 70 при комнатной температуре (Т=296 K). Проведены сравнения полученных нами параметров контура линий с литературными данными, получено хорошее согласие. Расчеты выполнены полуэмпирическим методом. Метод основан на полуклассической теории уширения линий и дополнен введением корректирующего фактора, параметры которого определяются с использованием экспериментальных данных.
АВТОМАТИЧЕСКИЙ ВЫБОР ПАРАМЕТРОВ РЕГИСТРАЦИИ ЦИФРОВЫХ ГОЛОГРАММ
Authors: Давыдова А.Ю. , Ольшуков А.С. , Юдин Н.Н. , Зиновьев М.М.
Published: December 2022

От выбора параметров регистрации цифровых голограмм – времени экспозиции цифровой камеры, мощности лазера и длительности импульса лазерного излучения – зависит качество изображений частиц, восстановленных из цифровых голограмм. При исследовании планктона в его водной среде обитания возникает задача автоматического выбора параметров регистрации цифровой голограммы в условиях изменяющейся пропускной способности среды. В данной работе предлагается использовать максимум контраста цифровой голограммы в качестве критерия выбора параметров регистрации цифровой голограммы для получения наилучшего качества изображений частиц, восстановленных из цифровой голограммы.
Analisa Kinerja Kompresor Udara dalam mendukung Kinerja Mesin Penggerak Utama Kapal
Authors: Adnan  , Supriatiningsih Tuti , Ludro Tamtomo Aji , Fatya Irena , Hilmi Fakri Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Peningkatan perawatan dan perbaikan terhadap kompresor udara sangatlah utama karena peranan kompresor udara sendiri sebagai penghasil udara tekan yang digunakan untuk menjalankan mesin utama kapal ataupun untuk kebutuhan lain. Pada kenyataannya kompresor tidak selalu bekerja dengan baik, pada saat penulis menjalani penelitian di kapal MT. Ketaling, penulis menghadapi masalah-masalah yang terjadi pada kompresor diantaranya yaitu perawatan kompresor yang tidak sesuai dengan prosedur; kurangnya perhatian dan perawatan dari kondisi spring; pelat pada katup hisap tekanan rendh; dan kurangnya perawatan pada oil ring piston. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa perawatan dari kondisi spring, pelat pada katup hisap tekanan rendah dan perawatan pada oil ring piston yang menyebabkan udara kompresi bercampur dengan minyak lumas dan menyebabkan timbulnya suara yang abnormal pada kompresor sewaktu kompresor beroperasi, kemudian suku cadang kompresor seperti oil ring piston, spring dan pelat pada katup hisap tekanan rendah.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Budaya Organisasi, dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Tenaga Pendidik dan Kependidikan di Politeknik Pelayaran Banten
Authors: Sarifuddin  , Rikardo Dapid , Safii Imam
Published: December 2022

Selain faktor motivasi kerja dan budaya organisasi, faktor kepemimpinan juga tidak kalah pentingnya di dalam meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa kepemimpinan merupakan komponen yang memiliki peran penting dalam sebuah instansi sebagai penggerak dalam menciptakan kondisi yang kondusif bagi pegawainya untuk bekerja lebih semangat dan mencapai kinerja yang lebih baik. Kepemimpinan transformasional merupakan metode untuk mempengaruhi orang lain, agar mau dan rela memunculkan kebijakan dan kapabilitas terbaiknya di dalam proses penciptaan nilai, sehingga secara tidak langsung akan berdampak pada meningkatnya kinerja instansi. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Budaya Organisasi, Motivasi dan Kinerja Pendidik dan Kependidikan di Poltekpel Banten. Tempat penelitian dilakukan di Poltekpel Banten, dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juli 2020 sampai dengan November 2020. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Adapun proses penelitiannya bersifat deduktif dengan teknik analisa menggunakan SEM AMOS. Variabel yang digunakan adalah Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Budaya Organisasi, Motivasi dan Kinerja Pendidik dan Kependidikan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah alumni Poltekpel Banten, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 103 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Dari enam hipotesis yang diuji dalam penelitian ini ditemukan semua hipotesis positif dan signifikan.
Mengoptimalkan Kerja Kompresor Udara untuk Mempertahankan Tekanan Udara dalam Botol Angin di Kapal MT. Atlantic Point
Authors: Agung Nugroho Anicitus , Imam Nawawi Cholis
Published: December 2022

Salah satu permesinan bantu di kapal yang penting yaitu kompresor udara. Kompresor udara yaitu permesinan bantu di atas kapal yang menghasilkan udara bertekanan. Di atas kapal udara yang dihasilkan dari kompresor udara digunakan sebagai starting air mesin utama dan generator, tidak hanya itu saja kompresor udara berguna untuk control pneumatic selama pengoperasian. Pada saat kapal melaksanakan bongkar muat (discharge) di Jetty Pertamina, Teluk Kabung, Padang, ketika proses discharge cargo tekanan udara dalam botol angin kurang dari 10 kg/cm2 sehingga mengeluarkan asap bahkan suhu yang sangat tinggi pada main cluth di cargo engine itu disebabkan karena kurangnya udara bertekanan pada sistem control pneumatic di cargo engine maupun di cargo pump. Tekanan udara dalam botol angin memang harus benar-benar konstan dengan kapasitas maksimal botol angin ± 30 kg/cm2, tidak boleh kurang dari 10 kg/cm2 pada saat discharge cargo sehingga kompresor udara bekerja terus-menerus. Menurunnya tekanan udara pada botol angindapat disebabkan karena tidak bekerjanya solenoid valve kompresor sesuai dengan fungsinya, tidak bekerjanya non return valve kompresor sesuai dengan fungsinya, kurangnya perawatan dari kondisi spring, pelat pada katup hisap tekanan rendah dan kurangnya perawatan pada oil ring piston yang menyebabkan udara kompresi bercampur dengan minyak lumas dan menyebabkan timbulnya suara yang abnormal pada kompresor sewaktu kompresor beroperasi, dan kurangnya suku cadang yang tersedia di atas kapal. Maka perbaikan kompresor udara sangat diperlukan agar dapat berdaya guna dan kerja kompresor optimal.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan serta Implikasinya terhadap Loyalitas Alumni Taruna Poltekpel Banten
Authors: Guntoro Herlan , Turiska Joni , Rikardo Dapid
Published: December 2022

Dampak revolusi industri 4.0 tampak jelas dalam sektor maritim dan bahari Indonesia sehingga diperlukan penguatan sinergi pada bidang teknologi, ekonomi, pendidikan, sosial dan budaya. Keberhasilan lembaga pendidikan dalam memberikan pelayanan dapat diidentifikasi melalui kepuasaan pelanggan. Dalam mencapai tingkat kepuasan yang tinggi, diperlukan adanya pemahaman tentang apa yang diinginkan oleh konsumen melalui pengembangan sikap komitmen dari setiap individu yang berada di dalam lembaga dalam memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen. Akbar dan Pervesz menemukan bahwa variable kepuasan pelanggan memberikan efek positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sebagai variabel antara selanjutnya menguji variabel-variabel tersebut dengan loyalitas alumni taruna Poltekpel Banten. Tempat penelitian dilakukan di Poltekpel Banten, dilaksanakan mulai bulan Januari 2020 sampai dengan Mei 2020. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Adapun proses penelitiannya bersifat deduktif dengan teknik analisa menggunakan SEM AMOS. Variabel yang digunakan adalah kualitas pelayanan, kepuasan taruna dan loyalitas taruna. Populasi dalam penelitian ini, adalah alumni Poltekpel Banten, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 210 taruna/i. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Dari empat hipotesis yang diuji dalam penelitian ini ditemukan 2 hipotesis berhubungan negatif (berlawanan arah), 1 tidak signifikan dan 1 positif.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan ARPA (Automatic Radar Plotting Aid) Guna Meminimalisir Kecelakaan di Laut
Authors: Nursyamsu  , Herningsih Siwi Woro , Zulviananda M. Fadlan
Published: December 2022

Penggunaan alat navigasi ARPA sangat berguna dalam berlayar, terutama pada saat cuaca buruk, berkabut dan berlayar di malam hari terutama apabila petunjuk pelayaran seperti pelmpung dan lampu suar tidak dapat diamati secara visual oleh mata. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan secara kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan probabilitas keselamatan berlayar dengan mengoptimalisasikan penggunaan alat navigasi berupa ARPA dengan baik dan benar sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya kecelakaan di laut.
Menerapkan Planning Maintenance System Terhadap Main Air Compressor Guna Kelancaran Kinerja Mesin Induk MT. Melahin
Authors: Guntoro R. Herlan , Nugroho Anicitus Agung , Atlantic Putra M. Daffa
Published: December 2022

Pelayanan pengangkutan barang oleh kapal dituntut supaya sampai tujuan dengan selamat, tepat, ekonomis serta pelayanan yang memuaskan, oleh karena itu untuk menunjang kelancaran pelayaran di laut sangat dibutuhkan sejumlah kapal yang memenuhi persyaratan. Satu diantara komponen yang memiliki peranan adalah peranan kompresor udara tidak bisa diabaikan begitu saja, karena kompresor udara mempunyai kegunaan yang sangat luas, baik dibutuhkan untuk menjalankan motor induk, motor bantu, kontrol pneumatik maupun untuk udara kerja dibagian mesin maupun bagian deck. Untuk bekerja maksimal, kompresor udara perlu diperhatikan terhadap perawatan dan perbaikan, terutama keahlian serta pemahaman seorang masinis yang berperan penting dalam kelancaran operasional kapal. Dari uraian bab per bab yang telah dijelaskan sebelumnya dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa kompresor udara tidak bisa bekerja secara optimal disebabkan oleh tidak tercapainya tekanan udara start mesin induk pada saat olah gerak dan kurangnya penanganan masinis dalam perawatan kompresor udara.
Optimalisasi Serah Terima Tugas Jaga sebelum Crew melaksanakan Tugas Jaga di Kapal MV. Amanah Morowali Amc
Authors: Fahrisani Antaris , Anggeranika Vidiana , Azmy Fadly Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Sesuai dengan aturan dinas jaga yang telah ditetapkan diatas kapal, berdasarkan Collision Regulation 1972, STCW 1978 as amended in 2010 Regulation II/1, semua kapal wajib melaksanakan tugas jaga tersebut tanpa kecuali. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya tubrukan. Karya ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prosedur pelaksanaan dinas jaga sesuai dengan aturan-aturan Collision Regulation 1972 dan Regulation II/1 dari STCW 1978 as amended in 2010. Dengan metode penelitian kualitatif yang menghasilkan data deskriptif, pelaksanaan dinas jaga dapat digambarkan secara jelas dan nyata karena data diperoleh dari interview secara langsung serta ditunjang metode kepustakaan yang memberikan gambaran lebih jelas mengenai informasi yang disampaikan. Hasil yang didapat penulis selama melakukan penelitian adalah pelaksaan dinas jaga dikapal belum terlaksanakan dengan baik. Dimana terdapat penyimpangan prosedur dinas jaga sehingga tugas jaga tidak berjalan secara efektif. Kurangnya pengetahuan tentang prosedur serah terima dinas jaga menurut aturan internasional juga menjadi masalah utama bagi para awak kapal. Penyampaian prosedur serah terima tugas jaga yang baik oleh perwira senior juga menjadi salah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki pelaksanaan dinas jaga. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian penulis menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan tugas jaga diatas kapal MV. Amanah Morowali AMC telah sesuai dengan peraturan yang ditetapkan secara internasional, namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih sering terjadi penyimpangan. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena kekurangpahaman crew kapal terutama bagian deck mengenai prosedur serah terima dinas jaga yang baik dan benar menurut aturan internasional. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan peningkatan kualitas dinas jaga para crew dengan memberikan informasi mengenai prosedur serah terima tugas jaga yang baik dan benar sesuai dengan STCW 1978 as amended in 2010.
Work Productivity in the Period of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown: A Developing World Perspective
Authors: Sakpere Aderonke , Olanipekun Ifedolapo , Sakpere Wilson , Ige Ifeoluwatayo
Published: December 2022

From inception, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a persistent public health concern at a global level. Several businesses and corporations around the world have been severely and negatively impacted by the outbreak, while nascent economies have suffered a grave setback. The effect on businesses and economies seems to influence the productivity level of workers. This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on professions and professionals in developing countries,where post-COVID-19 economic distress has been felt. It utilizes data collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Snowball sampling technique was used to gather data from 466 respondents in Nigeria using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. The dataset, comprising nineteen variables, was analysed with a logistic model over a wide variety of socio-demographic, productivity and economic variables. Prevalent variables with high significance on work productivity include fear, anxiety, depression, work boredom, remuneration, palliative and infrastructure availability. Findings showed that 5 out of 19 variables – work boredom (p-value < 0.0001), remuneration (p-value < 0.0001), depression (p-value = 0.0061), internet (p-value = 0.0148), fear (p-value = 0.0342) – have significant effects on work productivity. Also, with odds ratios value, the effect of these variables on productivity ranges between 68.8% and 85.9%, based on participants' responses. However, 12 out of 19 variables were insignificant to the productivity level during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. The analysed result implies that the distribution of an individual’s perception of a high productivity rate with a low productivity rate is close.
Optimization of polyphenols extraction from sweet potato peel: single factor versus chemometrics approach
Authors: Kadiri Oseni , Akan Charles , Gbadamosi Saka
Published: December 2022

The study was aimed at optimizing the extraction conditions of phenolic compounds from an orange-fleshed cultivar of sweet potato peel using a single factor vis-a-vis chemometric experimental approach. The effectiveness of extracting antioxidants compounds using an aqueous medium (water) was compared to organic solvents. Water-to-peel, time of extraction and extraction temperature was established to have significant effects on the total antioxidant and scavenging activities. Optimal extraction variables of 60 ºC for 20 minutes, at a solvent-to-peel powder ratio of 100:7.5 mL/g was derived for the process. Approximately 157.0 g of peel powder was obtained from a kilogram of the dried potato peel using a simple but scalable method. The polyphenol isolate contained 31.39 % polyphenols and compared significant well with vitamin C and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in terms of its antioxidant activities. In summary, this study used an aqueous medium as its extracting solvent, which offers a great prospect for future use in the extraction and purification of bioactive compounds from plant materials.
IR 4.0 in the Apparel Industry of Bangladesh: Prospects and Challenges.
Authors: Sharmin Sadia
Published: December 2022

Over the past decade, the world has been heading towards the fourth industrial revolution, with many countries adopting the latest innovations and technological upgrades, which essentially are meant to meet the growing demands of consumers in every sector of an economy. The research first reviewed the existing theories and concepts regarding IR4.0 and then utilized the “Industry 4.0 Readiness” model of Impulse Industry 4.0-Readiness of the Association of Germany’s Engineering Industry (Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau) as the guiding framework for devising an original, suitable, readiness model to evaluate 135 RMG factories (big, medium and small) in Bangladesh. A mixed methodology approach is followed in the research, implying the utilization of both quantitative and qualitative tools. This exploratory research focused on how companies make use of technological tools and methodologies and how they are prepared to adopt the massive changes, brought forward by IR 4.0. Based on this study’s findings, apparel companies should focus more on using technologies such as AI, Sensors, ERP, SMV, GSD, Big Data, Cloud, M2M communication, etc. to boost Bangladesh’s global competitiveness. In addition, respondents believed that digital transformation could create a smart factory to optimize the manufacturing system, and it has a very substantial impact on industry 4.0. Furthermore, this exploratory study exposed that the apparel industries of Bangladesh are encountering major challenges in IR 4.0 strategy design and equipment organization to aid IR 4.0 demands.
PENGARUH JUMLAH KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN TERHADAP RETRIBUSI OBYEK WISATA DI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA (Studi Pada Obyek Wisata Pantai Saliper Ate)
Authors: Aprianti Furna , Rafiudin Ahmad , Suprianto S
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the number of tourist visits on the tourist attraction fees in Panta Saliper Ate in 2016-2020. The data source used is secondary data, and uses data collection methods in the form of documentation obtained from the Department of Youth, Sports and Tourism. The data analysis technique was carried out using simple linear regression analysis techniques, individual parameter hypothesis testing (t test), and coefficient of determination test (R2). The results of this study indicate that the variable number of tourist visits has a positive and significant relationship to tourist attraction fees on Saliper Ate Beach during the 2016-2020 period. This implies that the higher the number of tourist visits, the retribution for tourism objects in Sumbawa Regency will increase, and vice versa. The ability of the variable number of tourist visits to explain changes in user fees for the tourist attraction of Saliper Ate Beach, Sumbawa Regency is 81.3%, while the remaining 18.7% is influenced by other variables outside this research model.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN AGROINDUSTRI IKAN AIR TAWAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT (Studi Pada Nelayan Bendungan Batu Bulan Desa Maman)
Authors: Sucihati Roos Nana , Kamaruddin K , Utami Ayu Sukma
Published: December 2022

This study aims to know the impact of internal and external factors of the BatuBulan Dam Freshwater Fish Agroindustry in Increasing the Income of the Maman Village Fisherman Community and to know the strategy of developing BatuBulan Dam Freshwater Fish Agroindustry.The type of this study was descriptive qualitative. The number of informants in this study were 65 which consisted of 58 of key informants and 5 of main informants. The data used in this study was primary. Method used to collect data was through interviews. The data analysis tool used was SWOT analysis. The results of study showed that based on the results of the SWOT analysis that strategy for the development of the Freshwater Fish Agroindustry of Maman Village could be done based on consideration of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats showed that if it was managed properly and maximally, the income and economy of the fishermen community in Maman Village would increase. The strength factor in this study was the large amount of fish catch and varies, good response from the community and increased community income after the existence of agro-industry. While the weaknesses were the lack of facilities and infrastructure, there were not industrial factory yet and the lack of processing equipment of cath.
Cerebral Edema in Patients with severe Hemispheric Syndrome: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes—Data from SITS-ISTR
Authors: Escudero-Martínez Irene , Thorén Magnus , Ringleb Peter , Nunes Ana Paiva , Cappellari Manuel , Rand Viiu-Marika , Sobolewski Piotr , Egido Jose , Toni Danilo , Chen Shih-Yin , Tsao Nicole , Ahmed Niaz
Published: December 2022

Background and Purpose Cerebral edema (CED) in ischemic stroke can worsen prognosis and about 70% of patients who develop severe CED die if treated conservatively. We aimed to describe incidence, risk factors and outcomes of CED in patients with extensive ischemia.Methods Oservational study based on Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke-International Stroke Treatment Registry (2003–2019). Severe hemispheric syndrome (SHS) at baseline and persistent SHS (pSHS) at 24 hours were defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) >15. Outcomes were moderate/severe CED detected by neuroimaging, functional independence (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) and death at 90 days.Results Patients (n=8,560) presented with SHS and developed pSHS at 24 hours; 82.2% received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), 10.5% IVT+thrombectomy, and 7.3% thrombectomy alone. Median age was 77 and NIHSS 21. Of 7,949 patients with CED data, 3,780 (47.6%) had any CED and 2,297 (28.9%) moderate/severe CED. In the multivariable analysis, age <50 years (relative risk [RR], 1.56), signs of acute infarct (RR, 1.29), hyperdense artery sign (RR, 1.39), blood glucose >128.5 mg/dL (RR, 1.21), and decreased level of consciousness (RR, 1.14) were associated with moderate/severe CED (for all P<0.05). Patients with moderate/severe CED had lower odds to achieve functional Independence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23 to 0.55) and higher odds of death at 90 days (aOR, 2.54; 95% CI, 2.14 to 3.02).Conclusions In patients with extensive ischemia, the most important predictors for moderate/ severe CED were age <50, high blood glucose, signs of acute infarct, hyperdense artery on baseline scans, and decreased level of consciousness. CED was associated with worse functional outcome and a higher risk of death at 3 months.
Multi'omic characterization of human whole stool RGTMs
Authors: Bayless Amanda , Da Silva Sandra , Davis W Clay , Cruz Abraham Kuri , Piotrowski Paulina , Schock Tracey , Servetas Stephanie
Published: December 2022

The gut microbiome plays a critical role in a vast and disparate set of health and disease states, including cancer and obesity. Human fecal is a complex mixture including microbes, proteins, undigested plant matter and fat content according to the diet type (e.g., vegan, omnivore). The complexity of human fecal material along with the complexity of the analytical workflow of omics-based techniques makes metabolomics measurements challenging. To address this need, NIST is developing a human stool reference material (RM) to compare and assess reproducibility in omics-based techniques. This report shares the initial characterization of a human stool research grade testing material (RGTM). At NIST, a RGTM is an exploratory material developed to evaluate fit-for-purpose needs within a community. This effort started in 2019 and since then, the manufacturer for the material has changed and protocols to analyze the samples have been optimized. The approaches used to characterize the samples described in this report may or may not be the current approach used on the development of RM 8048. In addition, it should be stated the material used in the RGTM and consequently in the RM is not an authentic representation of human stool as it was pre-processed (homogenized, diluted in water and bottled) after collection for research application.
Remarks on Martio's conjecture
Authors: Tengvall Ville
Published: December 2022

We introduce a certain integrability condition for the reciprocal of the Jacobian determinant which guarantees the local homeomorphism property of quasiregular mappings with a small inner dilatation. This condition turns out to be sharp in the planar case. We also show that every branch point of a quasiregular mapping with a small inner dilatation is a Lebesgue point of the differential matrix of the mapping.
Hate Speech in Internet Communication
Authors: Karimova Tat'yana Sergeevna
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of the qualifying signs of "hate speech" in the aspect of providing linguistic and forensic expertise in the field of Internet communication in order to ensure the legal and linguistic protection of national security, the constitutional order, public order, health and morality of the population. This concept – «hate speech» - is the subject of scientific discussions in various fields of science and practice: sociology, psychology, linguistics, theory of law, judicial practice. The article analyzes the positions of scientists in relation to the content of the concept of "hate speech". The classification of speech utterances containing signs of "hate speech" is given, which allows focusing the attention of experts - criminologists, conducting linguistic examination of statements in Internet communications, on soft forms of hate speech, the prevention of which is designed to ensure the prevention of crimes and offenses of an extremist orientation. The article also provides examples from the practice of conducting linguistic expertise, speech utterances in text files from an Internet resource.
Mir204 and Mir211 suppress synovial inflammation and proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis by targeting Ssrp1
Authors: Wang Qi-Shan , Fan Kai-Jian , Teng Hui , Chen Sijia , Xu Bing-Xin , Chen Di , Wang Ting-Yu
Published: December 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by synovial hyperplasia. Mir204 and Mir211 are homologous miRNAs with the same gene targeting spectrum. It is known that Mir204/211 play an important role in protecting osteoarthritis development; however, the roles of Mir204/211 in RA disease have not been determined. In the present study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of Mir204/211 on synovial inflammation and hyperproliferation in RA. The effects of Mir204/211 on the inflammation and abnormal proliferation in primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were examined by Mir204/211 gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches in vitro and in vivo. We identified the structure-specific recognition protein 1 (Ssrp1) as a downstream target gene of Mir204/211 based on the bioinformatics analysis. We overexpressed Ssrp1and Mir204/211 in FLS to determine the relationship between Ssrp1 and Mir204/211 and their effects on synovial hyperplasia. We created a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in wild-type as well as Mir204/211 double knockout (dKO) mice to induce RA phenotype and administered adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated Ssrp1-shRNA (AAV-shSsrp1) by intra-articular injection into Mir204/211 dKO mice. We found that Mir204/211 attenuated excessive cell proliferation and synovial inflammation in RA. Ssrp1 was the downstream target gene of Mir204/211. Mir204/211 affected synovial proliferation and decelerated RA progression by targeting Ssrp1. CIA mice with Mir204/211 deficiency displayed enhanced synovial hyperplasia and inflammation. RA phenotypes observed in Mir204/211 deficient mice were significantly ameliorated by intra-articular delivery of AAV-shSsrp1, confirming the involvement of Mir204/211-Ssrp1signaling during RA development. In this study, we demonstrated that Mir204/211 antagonize synovial hyperplasia and inflammation in RA by regulation of Ssrp1. Mir204/211 may serve as novel agents to treat RA disease.
Neuroendocrinology of the lung revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Kuo Christin S , Darmanis Spyros , Diaz de Arce Alex , Liu Yin , Almanzar Nicole , Wu Timothy Ting-Hsuan , Quake Stephen R , Krasnow Mark A
Published: December 2022

Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are sensory epithelial cells that transmit airway status to the brain via sensory neurons and locally via calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and γ- aminobutyric acid (GABA). Several other neuropeptides and neurotransmitters have been detected in various species, but the number, targets, functions, and conservation of PNEC signals are largely unknown. We used scRNAseq to profile hundreds of the rare mouse and human PNECs. This revealed over 40 PNEC neuropeptide and peptide hormone genes, most cells expressing unique combinations of 5–18 genes. Peptides are packaged in separate vesicles, their release presumably regulated by the distinct, multimodal combinations of sensors we show are expressed by each PNEC. Expression of the peptide receptors predicts an array of local cell targets, and we show the new PNEC signal angiotensin directly activates one subtype of innervating sensory neuron. Many signals lack lung targets so may have endocrine activity like those of PNEC-derived carcinoid tumors. PNECs are an extraordinarily rich and diverse signaling hub rivaling the enteroendocrine system.
Identification, classification, and expression profile analysis of heat shock transcription factor gene family in Salvia miltiorrhiza
Authors: Liu Rui , Zou Peijin , Yan Zhu-Yun , Chen Xin
Published: December 2022

In response to abiotic stresses, transcription factors are essential. Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs), which control gene expression, serve as essential regulators of plant growth, development, and stress response. As a model medicinal plant, Salvia miltiorrhiza is a crucial component in the treatment of cardiovascular illnesses. But throughout its growth cycle, S.miltiorrhiza is exposed to a series of abiotic challenges, including heat and drought. In this study, 35 HSF genes were identified based on genome sequencing of Salvia miltiorrhiza utilizing bioinformatics techniques. Additionally, 35 genes were classified into three groups by phylogeny and gene structural analysis, comprising 22 HSFA, 11 HSFB, and two HSFC. The distribution and sequence analysis of motif showed that SmHSFs were relatively conservative. In SmHSF genes, analysis of the promoter region revealed the presence of many cis-acting elements linked to stress, hormones, and growth and development, suggesting that these factors have regulatory roles. The majority of SmHSFs were expressed in response to heat and drought stress, according to combined transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses. In conclusion, this study looked at the SmHSF gene family using genome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, sequence characterization, and expression analysis. This research serves as a foundation for further investigations into the role of HSF genes and their molecular mechanisms in plant stress responses.
Chemically mediated rheotaxis of endangered tri-spine horseshoe crab: potential dispersing mechanism to vegetated nursery habitats along the coast
Authors: Kwan Kit Yue , Yang Xin , Wang Chun-Chieh , Kuang Yang , Wen Yulong , Tan Kian Ann , Xu Peng , Zhen Wenquan , Wang Xueping , Zhu Junhua , Huang Xing
Published: December 2022

Background

An enhanced understanding of larval ecology is fundamental to improve the management of locally depleted horseshoe crab populations in Asia. Recent studies in the northern Beibu Gulf, China demonstrated that nesting sites of Asian horseshoe crabs are typically close to their nursery beaches with high-density juveniles distributed around mangrove, seagrass and other structured habitats.

Methods

A laboratory Y-maze chamber was used to test whether the dispersal of early-stage juvenile tri-spine horseshoe crab Tachypleus tridentatus is facilitated by chemical cues to approach suitable nursery habitats. The juvenile orientation to either side of the chamber containing controlled seawater or another with various vegetation cues, as well as their movement time, the largest distance and displacement were recorded.

Results

The juveniles preferred to orient toward seagrass Halophila beccarii cues when the concentration reached 0.5 g l−1, but ceased at 2 g l−1. The results can be interpreted as a shelter-seeking process to get closer to the preferred settlement habitats. However, the juveniles exhibited avoidance behaviors in the presence of mangrove Avicennia marina and invasive saltmarsh cordgrass Spartina alterniflora at 2 g l−1. The juveniles also spent less time moving in the presence of the A. marina cue, as well as reduced displacement in water containing the S. alterniflora cue at 1 and 2 g l−1. These results may explain the absence of juvenile T. tridentatus within densely vegetated areas, which have generally higher organic matter and hydrogen sulfide.

Conclusion

Early-stage juvenile T. tridentatus are capable of detecting and responding to habitat chemical cues, which can help guide them to high-quality settlement habitats. Preserving and restoring seagrass beds in the intertidal areas should be prioritized when formulating habitat conservation and management initiatives for the declining horseshoe crab populations.
Some Contributions to the Study of the Effects of Human Motricities through Nordic Walking
Authors: Sârbu Steluţa , Spulber Cătălin
Published: December 2022

The paper aimed to add new knowledge to the study of Nordic walking. For this purpose, the authors presented the results of some measurements of pulse and contrast sensitivity (CS) at the daily walking tour of several kilometers, in the Nordic walking style. The recorded results were modeled by interpolation and were displayed in the form of graphics and processed images. The profile of the optical modulation transfer (MTF) function was simulated, as a function necessary to evaluate the contrast sensitivity. To this end, the authors evaluated the influence of screen brightness and the random motion due to the effort and fatigue accumulated in the human body by traveling the walking tour. The authors took into account the fact that mobility performance can be measured by the distance traveled, by the time required to cover this distance or by walking speed and, above all, by the variation of the contrast sensitivity following the effort of moving.
Unusual Electrocardiogram Findings After Cardioversion
Authors: Velayutham Ramanathan , Parale Chinmay , Balaguru Sridhar
Published: December 2022

This case report considers electrocardiogram findings in an older patient with a history of metastatic carcinoma and tuberculosis presenting with palpitations at rest and 2 months of breathlessness.
Effect of a Patient Decision Aid on Preferences for Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Older Adults
Authors: Dalton Alexandra F. , Golin Carol E. , Morris Carolyn , Kistler Christine E. , Dolor Rowena J. , Bertin Kaitlyn B. , Suresh Krithika , Patel Swati G. , Lewis Carmen L.
Published: December 2022

Importance

Guidelines recommend individualized decision-making for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among adults aged 76 to 84 years, a process that includes a consideration of health state and patient preference.

Objective

To determine whether a targeted patient decision aid would align older adults’ screening preference with their potential to benefit from CRC screening.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This is a prespecified secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial. Participants aged 70 to 84 years who were not up to date with screening and had an appointment within 6 weeks were purposively sampled by health state (poor, intermediate, or good) at 14 community-based primary care practices and block randomized to receive the intervention or control. Patients were recruited from March 1, 2012, to February 28, 2015, and these secondary analyses were performed from January 15 to March 1, 2022.

Interventions

Patient decision aid targeted to age and sex.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome of this analysis was patient preference for CRC screening. The a priori hypothesis was that the decision aid (intervention) group would reduce the proportion preferring screening among those in poor and intermediate health compared with the control group.

Results

Among the 424 participants, the mean (SD) age was 76.8 (4.2) years; 248 (58.5%) of participants were women; and 333 (78.5%) were White. The proportion preferring screening in the intervention group was less than in the control group for those in the intermediate health state (34 of 76 [44.7%] vs 40 of 73 [54.8%]; absolute difference, −10.1% [95% CI, −26.0% to 5.9%]) and in the poor health state (24 of 62 [38.7%] vs 33 of 61 [54.1%]; absolute difference, −15.4% [95% CI, −32.8% to 2.0%]). These differences were not statistically significant. The proportion of those in good health who preferred screening was similar between the intervention and control groups (44 of 74 [59.5%] for intervention vs 46 of 75 [61.3%] for control; absolute difference, −1.9% [95% CI, −17.6% to 13.8%]).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this secondary analysis of a clinical trial did not demonstrate statistically significant differences in patient preferences between the health groups. Additional studies that are appropriately powered are needed to determine the effect of the decision aid on the preferences of older patients for CRC screening by health state.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01575990
Association Between Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods and Cognitive Decline
Authors: Gomes Gonçalves Natalia , Vidal Ferreira Naomi , Khandpur Neha , Martinez Steele Euridice , Bertazzi Levy Renata , Andrade Lotufo Paulo , Bensenor Isabela M. , Caramelli Paulo , Alvim de Matos Sheila Maria , Marchioni Dirce M. , Suemoto Claudia Kimie
Published: December 2022

Importance

Although consumption of ultraprocessed food has been linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity, little is known about the association of consumption of ultraprocessed foods with cognitive decline.

Objective

To investigate the association between ultraprocessed food consumption and cognitive decline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a multicenter, prospective cohort study with 3 waves, approximately 4 years apart, from 2008 to 2017. Data were analyzed from December 2021 to May 2022. Participants were public servants aged 35 to 74 years old recruited in 6 Brazilian cities. Participants who, at baseline, had incomplete food frequency questionnaire, cognitive, or covariate data were excluded. Participants who reported extreme calorie intake (<600 kcal/day or >6000 kcal/day) and those taking medication that could negatively interfere with cognitive performance were also excluded.

Exposures

Daily ultraprocessed food consumption as a percentage of total energy divided into quartiles.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Changes in cognitive performance over time evaluated by the immediate and delayed word recall, word recognition, phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tests, and Trail-Making Test B version.

Results

A total of 15 105 individuals were recruited and 4330 were excluded, leaving 10 775 participants whose data were analyzed. The mean (SD) age at the baseline was 51.6 (8.9) years, 5880 participants (54.6%) were women, 5723 (53.1%) were White, and 6106 (56.6%) had at least a college degree. During a median (range) follow-up of 8 (6-10) years, individuals with ultraprocessed food consumption above the first quartile showed a 28% faster rate of global cognitive decline (β = −0.004; 95% CI, −0.006 to −0.001; P = .003) and a 25% faster rate of executive function decline (β = −0.003, 95% CI, −0.005 to 0.000; P = .01) compared with those in the first quartile.

Conclusions and Relevance

A higher percentage of daily energy consumption of ultraprocessed foods was associated with cognitive decline among adults from an ethnically diverse sample. These findings support current public health recommendations on limiting ultraprocessed food consumption because of their potential harm to cognitive function.
Myopericarditis After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Among Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Yasuhara Jun , Masuda Kaihei , Aikawa Tadao , Shirasu Takuro , Takagi Hisato , Lee Simon , Kuno Toshiki
Published: December 2022

Importance

Published data on COVID-19 mRNA vaccine–associated myopericarditis in adolescents and young adults have been derived from small case series, national population-based studies, or passive reporting systems. Pooled evidence from a larger, international cohort is scarce.

Objective

To investigate the clinical features and early outcomes associated with myopericarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in a heterogeneous population of adolescents and young adults.

Data Sources

PubMed and EMBASE were searched through August 2022. Language restrictions were not applied.

Study Selection

Observational studies and case series describing COVID-19 vaccine–associated myopericarditis in adolescents and young adults aged 12 to 20 years and reporting clinical characteristics and early outcomes were included.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Two independent investigators extracted relevant data from each study. One-group meta-analysis in a random effects model was performed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guidelines were followed.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcomes were clinical features and early outcomes for COVID-19 mRNA vaccine–associated myopericarditis, including incident rate, cardiac findings, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and in-hospital mortality.

Results

A total of 23 observational studies were identified, including 854 individuals (mean age, 15.9 [95% CI, 15.5-16.2] years) with COVID-19 vaccine–associated myopericarditis. Male sex was predominant, at 90.3% (95% CI, 87.3%-93.2%) of individuals. The incident rate was higher after the second dose than the first dose, with 74.4% (95% CI, 58.2%-90.5%) of events occurring after the second dose. Most patients (84.4% [95% CI, 80.5%-88.3%] of patients) had preserved left ventricular (LV) function. Of the 15.6% (95% CI, 11.7%-19.5%) of patients with LV systolic dysfunction (LV ejection fraction [LVEF] <55%), most (14.1% [95% CI, 10.2%-18.1%]) were mild (ie, LVEF 45%-54%), and only 1.3% (95% CI, 0%-2.6%) of patients had severe LV systolic dysfunction (ie, LVEF<35%). Interestingly, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed late gadolinium enhancement in 87.2% (95% CI, 79.8%-94.7%) of patients. Although 92.6% (95% CI, 87.8%-97.3%) of patients were hospitalized and 23.2% (95% CI, 11.7%-34.7%) of patients required ICU admission, inotropes were used in only 1.3% (95% CI, 0%-2.7%) of patients, no patients died or required mechanical support, and the hospital length of stay was 2.8 (95% CI, 2.1-3.5) days.

Conclusions and Relevance

This systematic review and meta-analysis found low incidence rate and largely favorable early outcomes of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine–associated myopericarditis in adolescents and young adults from a wide range of populations. These findings are reassuring but continued follow-up is warranted.
Stunting and Overweight Prevalence Among Resettled Yazidi, Syrian, and Iraqi Pediatric Refugees
Authors: Suppiah Roopa , Hetherington Erin , Grewal Rabina , Ip-Buting Ada , Fabreau Gabriel E.
Published: December 2022

This cohort study compares growth abnormalities between Yazidi and non-Yazidi pediatric refugees.
Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes of Singleton Births Following Single- vs Double-Embryo Transfer in Sweden
Authors: Rodriguez-Wallberg Kenny A. , Palomares Arturo Reyes , Nilsson Hanna P. , Oberg Anna Sara , Lundberg Frida
Published: December 2022

Importance

Pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technology are associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes compared with those following natural conception. Previous studies have shown an association of pregnancies resulting from transfer of multiple embryos with these negative findings.

Objective

To determine the risk for adverse outcomes in singletons conceived through assisted reproduction using double-embryo transfer (DET) vs single-embryo transfer (SET).

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study used data from women who achieved singleton deliveries after SET or DET in Sweden between 2007 and 2017 as recorded in the National Quality Registry for Assisted Reproduction. All embryo transfers, at cleavage or blastocyst stage, replaced in fresh or frozen treatment cycles were included. Data on obstetric and neonatal outcomes were retrieved by linkage to the National Medical Birth Register. Naturally conceived singletons were included as a reference group. Data were analyzed between September 2021 and August 2022.

Exposures

Double-embryo transfer leading to singleton birth.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Relative risk ratios or odds ratios (ORs) and absolute risk differences (ARDs) in percentage points with 95% CIs were calculated for obstetric and perinatal outcomes in singleton births conceived using DET vs SET.

Results

Among 1 115 863 singleton births, 30 713 singletons were born after SET and 5123 after DET. A higher risk of neonatal death was found in singletons after DET vs SET (OR, 2.67 [95% CI, 1.28-5.55]; ARD, 0.2 percentage points [95% CI, 0.0-0.4 percentage points]). In frozen embryo transfers, DET was associated with a higher risk of low birth weight (OR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.19-2.25]; ARD, 2.0 percentage points [95% CI, 0.5-3.5 percentage points]). Among blastocyst transfers, DET was associated with very preterm birth (relative risk ratio, 2.64 [95% CI, 1.50-4.63]; ARD, 1.8 percentage points [95% CI, 0.3-3.4 percentage points]) and low birth weight (OR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.29-2.60]; ARD, 3.2 percentage points [95% CI, 0.9-5.5 percentage points]).

Conclusions and Relevance

These results indicate a higher risk of adverse outcomes following DET, even when the result is a singleton birth, vs singletons born after SET. Adverse outcomes were mainly observed in singletons following DET using frozen embryos and blastocysts.
Transformable “Tubulin Traps” Interfere with Mitochondrial Autophagy and Promote the Elimination of Glioblastoma
Authors: Zhang Yiwen , You Haoyu , Zhao Zhenhao , Luo Yifan , Li Chao , Liu Peixin , Chen Hongyi , Wang Yu , Zhou Zheng , Sun Tao , Jiang Chen
Published: December 2022

Protective autophagy of mitochondria is an important cause of high mortality in glioblastoma (GBM). Because of its serious impact on the treatment effect, it is in urgent need of combined treatment. Based on the regulatory function of the tubulin system on autophagy and inspired by the natural characteristics of neurofilament regulating tubulin polymerization, an in situ self‐assembled “tubulin trap” is designed. Specifically, the system is a transformable block polymer, which can self‐assemble into spherical nanoparticles in water. After targeting GBM cells, they can transform into nanofibers under the intracellular GSH conditions, interfering with autophagy. The research shows that, in mouse GBM xenograft models, the transformable nanofibers with the function of destroying tubulin homeostasis can be combined with ceramide in the treatment of GBM.