bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the question of the concept of external functions in Ukraine and Hungary
Authors: Korniyenko O. O.
Published: May 2024

The main goal of any state, as a socio-legal entity, is to ensure, protect, regulate, and guarantee social, public, and individual interests. And that’s why all attention is focused on the regulation of socially important spheres. Such directions in the theory of the state and law of Ukraine and the state-legal theory of Hungary traditionally have the name - functions of the state, which according to different definitions and approaches of both Ukrainian and Hungarian specialists can be interpreted as the main directions of activity. Although this definition is not the only one. Today, in the scientific literature, you can find different opinions about what functions are, what are the constituent elements, and what are the functions, according to which criteria to classify them. The doctrine of the functions of the modern state is traditionally considered as an integral part of state and general theoretical jurisprudence, because nowadays the questions of the functions of the state, the necessity of which relates to the transformation of the role of the state in society, are becoming increasingly relevant. The functioning of the state is a rather complex and dynamic process that requires theoretical understanding. This causes considerable effort and serious disagreement among scientists. In the process of research, it is relevant to consider the functions of the state in the philosophical-legal system of the conceptual provisions of the state-legal theory. Find out what are the different definitions of the function of the state and how they relate to each other. But the main thesis of this article is the issue of specifically external functions, which should be understood by this, which is their vocation. Their study is of particular importance at the time of revision of existing mechanisms under the influence of globalization fluctuations. But this direction is extremely important for Ukraine, which is at the stage of acute renewal of social spheres of life, including the state and legal sphere. In general, this scientific article attempts to demonstrate the different points of view of Ukrainian and Hungarian specialists for the expansion of scientific research on the issue of defining the concept of external functions, and thus to contribute to the general scientific base on the part of Ukrainian scientists.
Injustice and poverty as a threat to the national security of Ukraine
Authors: Tymoshenko V. I.
Published: May 2024

Injustice, poverty, socio-economic inequality are analyzed from the point of view of factors that threaten the national security of Ukraine. The sources of injustice lie in the nature of man, his natural selfishness, the desire to satisfy his needs at the expense of other people. Social injustice manifests itself in conflicts between society and the government, and individuals. Economic manifestations of injustice are noticeable when the principle of equivalence of remuneration for an individual’s work is violated in social relations or there is non-equivalent punishment for the damage caused. Injustice in the sphere of political relations manifests itself as a violation of the rights and freedoms of citizens guaranteed by current legislation. Injustice in legal relations appears as a violation of the principle of equality of all citizens before the law. Achieving socio-economic equality is hindered by corruption, which is a huge threat to national security. The consequence of injustice is the stratification of society into rich and poor, the destruction of the middle class. Injustice has a specific effect on political relations, the implementation of state policy at all levels, and makes the formation of civil society impossible. The result of this form of people’s life is marginalization and socio-economic degradation of society, which leads to crises, conflicts, anomie, tensions and social explosions. Injustice, poverty, and socioeconomic inequality are significant threats to national security. Modern science should investigate the main factors of the reproduction of social injustice, find ways to overcome poverty and introduce an effective mechanism for the elimination of social and economic inequality. In view of the spread of corruption in Ukraine, failure to bring corrupt officials to justice, which is provided for by the current legislation, and other violations of the law, we can also talk about legal inequality, which is unacceptable in a civilized state and is the greatest threat to the national security of Ukraine.
Peculiarities of state-church relations in the First Czechoslovak Republic
Authors: Belova M. V. , Peresh I. E.
Published: May 2024

It is indicated that the relationship between the Church and the state went through various stages in its formation both in Ukraine and in the world as a whole. In addition, the state’s relations with religious organizations in various countries still have their own specifics. Models of these relationships are usually built depending on the political, religious, cultural and other traditions of each region. Therefore, today in Europe, despite the presence of a number of common trends, there is still no unity of approaches in building a system of state-church relations.
It is quite obvious that in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to study the existing historical experience of Czechoslovakia. Regarding this, the confessional policy of the Czechoslovak state in the 20th century has a special value. Back in the interwar twentieth century (1918–1938), an attempt was made here to build such a model of the relationship between the state and religious organizations, which, on the one hand, provided for the secular nature of the state and the maximum limitation of the role of the church in public life, and on the other hand, the preservation of the main elements of the system of state-church relations that developed in Austria-Hungary. We can say that in a slightly modified form this model continued to exist in Czechoslovakia and in the second half of the 20th century. Even during the years of state atheism, the church here was not separated from the state. Thus, in the 20th century, Czechoslovakia accumulated rich experience in adapting traditional elements of the state church to new historical conditions.
Based on the study of domestic and foreign sources, the article analyzes the legal regulation of state-church relations in the First Czechoslovak Republic. The study attempted to analyze the country’s relationship with the Vatican, which consisted primarily of the need to conclude a concordat agreement. The legal nature of Modus vivendi is analyzed.
It was determined that the model of state-church relations in the first Czechoslovak Republic became an organic development of the model that existed in Austria-Hungary. It can be said that the process of equalizing the rights of all state-recognized denominations came to a certain logical conclusion in the first Czechoslovak Republic. At the same time, one of the fundamental principles of Austrian religious policy was preserved in the Czechoslovak Republic — the desire to limit the ties of local denominations with foreign administrative centers as much as possible.
The right of political parties to reimbursement of expenses for election campaigning in parliamentary elections in Ukraine and EU member states
Authors: Zubenko H. V.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the right of political parties to reimbursement of expenses during election campaigning for parliamentary elections. The author analyses the forms of state funding of political parties and its purpose. Based on the analysis of European regional standards in the field of organisation and functioning of political parties, the author identifies the following principles of exercising the right of political parties to reimbursement of expenses during election campaigning in parliamentary elections: the amount of state funding should guarantee its benefit; funding is distributed impartially, on the basis of objective, fair and reasonable criteria; the mechanism for distribution of state support for political parties should be enshrined in the relevant legislation; the mechanism of distribution of state support for political parties should be enshrined in the relevant legislation; the distribution of funding may be either equal or proportional in nature; the maximum amount of political party spending on election campaigns and transparency of their conduct should be determined at the legislative level.
The experience of some EU Member States in legislating direct and indirect state funding of political parties’ election campaigns is considered. The author analyses the national experience of reimbursement of political parties’ expenses for election campaigning in parliamentary elections. It is established that, in accordance with European regional standards, some systems of distribution of state support to political parties provide them with funds before the elections, while others provide for payments after the elections based on the final results. It is noted that the system of post-election financing may not provide the minimum initial financial resources necessary to ensure the election campaign of a political party.
The author concludes that there is a need to review some issues of reimbursement of election campaign expenses to political parties in Ukraine in terms of securing at the legislative level their ability to receive from the State budget not only reimbursement of the above expenses after the elections, but also certain funds which parties may use for election campaigning during the election process.
Subjects of the right to a constitutional complaint in Ukraine, Czech Republic and Poland: comparative analysis
Authors: Kunovskyi O. V.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to a comparative legal study of the legislation and the practice of its application in relation to the subjects of the right to a constitutional complaint in Ukraine, the Czech Republic and Poland. The author examines the provisions of the Constitutions of the countries, mentioned above, special laws which regulate the right to a constitutional complaint of corresponding subjects, as well as the constitutional courts practice in each of the previously mentioned countries.
The study highlights not only a clear list, but also the essence of the subjects of the right to a constitutional complaint in Ukraine, the Czech Republic and Poland through the prism of judicial practice. The author outlined main peculiarities of natural persons, legal entities, in particular legal entities of public law and the state, as well as local self-government bodies as subjects of the right to a constitutional complaint. A significant role is assigned to legal entities and local self-government bodies, because the legislation and judicial practice distinct greatly with regard to these categories of subjects of the right to a constitutional complaint that the legislation and judicial practice in the studied states differ the most. The right of public associations and individuals to file a constitutional complaint on behalf of other (third) persons is also being investigated. The issue of attorneys’ participation in Ukraine, Poland and the Czech Republic both at the stage of preparing constitutional complaints and during court proceedings in each of these countries is revealed. As a result, appropriate proposals were made to improve domestic legislation concerning this issue.
Having studied the Czech and Polish approaches to the essence of subjects entitled to a constitutional complaint, the author identified problems and suggestions for improving the relevant legal regulation in Ukraine. In particular, amendments were proposed to Article 56 of the Law of Ukraine “On the Constitutional Court of Ukraine” regarding the definition of the more precise subjects list of the right to a constitutional complaint. Having carried out this comparative legal analysis, the author proposed instances when it is appropriate to grant legal entities of public law and local self-government bodies the right to file a constitutional complaint in Ukraine. The author also provides grounding in irrationality of granting such a right to state bodies in Ukraine because of state administration peculiarities.
The purpose and instruments of the monetary policy of the central banks of the EU member states and Great Britain, their legal basis
Authors: Naturkach R. P.
Published: May 2024

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the purpose of the monetary policy of the central banks of the EU member states and Great Britain, its instruments and legal acts, in which they are fixed. The legislation of the member countries of the European Union (Germany, France, Spain, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary) and Great Britain, modern approaches in the science of constitutional and administrative law regarding the definition of the goal of the monetary policy of the central banks of the member countries of the EU, and the range of its instruments are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the purpose and functions of national banks are interrelated, but not identical. The concept of the goal of the monetary policy of the Central Banks of the EU member states, the activities and instruments of the monetary policy, the functions of the central bank of the EU member states are delineated. It is argued that reducing the purpose of the activities of the central banks of EU member states and Great Britain exclusively to the implementation of legal regulation of currency circulation in the state and that the main purpose of the central banks of such EU member states as the Czech Republic, Poland, and Hungary is purely to ensure the stability of the currency - is not justified. It is argued that the main joint functions of the central banks of Germany, France, Spain, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Great Britain are to ensure the stability of the monetary unit, to promote the maintenance of sustainable rates of economic growth, to achieve and maintain price stability in the state, and to support economic policy.
It is established that the goal of the monetary policy of the central banks of the EU member states is to ensure price stability, and it is additionally substantiated that the inflationary inclination of the financial policy is the most effective. It was established that the accounting policy, the interest rate policy, and the regulation of mandatory reserve norms, the volume of the money supply, operations on the open market and operations with credit resources, the amount of interest rates, interest rates of the mandatory reserve of banks are not the purpose of monetary and credit policies, instruments of monetary policy of the central banks of EU member states and Great Britain.
International standards of citizenship and resolution of citizenship issues when changing the territory of the state
Authors: Shkolna V. V. , Kostenko I. V.
Published: May 2024

The fundamental element of the development of any state is the strengthening of its legal ties, as well as the formation of a high-quality and new legal system for the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of a person and a citizen, including the sphere of acquiring Ukrainian citizenship. The legal framework that regulates the institution of Ukrainian citizenship at this stage is fragmented and inconsistent, and the process of forming such a framework is not systematic and consistent, which causes problems in legal regulation. It is important to examine the doctrinal approaches and views that relate to the institution of citizenship. There are different approaches to defining the concept of citizenship. It is interpreted from different aspects – political, legal or philosophical. The content of citizenship can be a stable legal connection with a certain state or a person’s belonging to a certain state, the people of a nation. Among the key characteristics of the institution of citizenship, the most important is its influence on ensuring the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen. Citizenship gives a person a number of rights, including the right to protection by the state, participation in elections and public administration, access to social services and protection in court. It also imposes obligations, including: protecting the homeland, paying taxes, being loyal to the state, obeying the law, and participating in society. This interaction determines the ways of realizing civil rights and responsibilities, solving conflicts and problems related to citizenship and migration, as well as the formation of civil identity and joint responsibility for the future of the country. The definition of the signs of citizenship is also insufficient in the legal literature. These problems make it necessary to study the general legal and doctrinal characteristics of the institution of citizenship.
The general theoretic aspects of the optimization of democracy in the context of the guaranteeing of the order and welfare
Authors: Dzholos S. V.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problems and perspectives of democracy as the form of organization of the social and political existence in general, as well as to the some aspects of the optimization of democracy in the context of the guaranteeing of the social welfare in particular.
The real aim of the existence of the democracy was revealed.
It was noted that stability is the most important elements of the value of the state. The author pays attention to the advantages of the presidential republic, of the constitutional monarchy, of the «Polybius scheme» of the ideal «mixed» state, of the two-party system, of the indirect elections, of the temporal fixation of the elections and of the absence of the snap elections in the context of the guarantee of the political stability.
The optimal model of government, the rational limits of the democracy and its acceptable forms were proposed. The author says that democracy is more or less acceptable only if the laws of the state guarantee the impossibility of the election of the unworthy candidate.
The system of the electoral qualifications for the members of the Electoral College as well as for the candidates to the elected positions was recommended. Also, the similar system of the qualifications for the officials of the executive power was recommended.
The author says that the republican state should be built «from the below». It was noticed that citizens may make the conscious choice only inside their common during the local elections or during the elections of the members of the Electoral College, when they really know the candidates and their personal qualities.
The author recommends the political model, when people elect the members of the Electoral College, and the last one form the local representative organs during the local elections, and after that the local representative organs delegate some their members to the regional representative organs, and the last one delegate some their members and form the parliament of the state.
Also, the political model, when the executive power is built «from the below», was recommended. The author says that each official of the executive power should start his service from the primary position in local executive bodies, and that the filling of the vacant positions should be done exclusively on the basis of professionalism, experience, length of service and seniority of the officials, but not on the grounds of the arbitrariness of the highest officials or randomnicity.
The main principles of replacing of the post of the head of the state in the parliamentary republic as well as in the presidential republic were outlined.
It was noted that the professionalism, experience and the high moral qualities of the officials, and especially of the senior state officials, are the fundament of the effective governance and welfare of society, etc.
Problems of correspondence between contractual and tort liability in the Civil law of Ukraine
Authors: Sakhno Y. V.
Published: May 2024

The article explores the regulation of civil legal relations between parties arising from the breach of contract terms and the infliction of harm in Ukraine, specifically analyzing the correspondence between the grounds for the emergence of such legal relations. Although the topic of the relationship between contractual and tort liability has been addressed by scholars repeatedly, there is still no consensus on resolving this issue in Ukrainian legal doctrine. The doctrine contains many contradictions and gaps, negatively impacting the level of legal science, which is reflected in the quality of national civil legislation. The research analyzes the theoretical foundations of the legal phenomenon of legal liability in the context of defining the legal nature of contractual and tort liability. It examines scientific approaches and general principles underlying Ukrainian civil legislation, focusing on the correspondence between types of liability and the grounds for applying corresponding liability measures. The analysis also delves into Ukrainian legal doctrine regarding contractual and tort liability, highlighting the problems and contradictions that have led to legal uncertainty on the research topic. The current state of Ukrainian legislation indicates the absence of a systematic approach to defining and regulating contractual or tort liability. The Civil Code of Ukraine does not contain such definitions or use such concepts in its provisions. While these concepts are common in legal theory, the array of different, often conflicting, scholarly positions prevents the formation of a unified conclusion. Due to the legal uncertainty arising from theoretical approaches in relating contractual and tort liability, there is still a need for further research on this matter. As a result of this article, an analysis of the imperfections of Ukrainian legal doctrine is conducted, and ways to address legal uncertainty are proposed.
The influence of the reception of roman private law on the formation of higher legal education in the countries of the romano-germanic legal family
Authors: Zadorozhnyi Yu. A.
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the historical aspects of the emergence and formation of higher education in the countries of the Romano-Germanic legal family. It has been found that the traditions of higher education are laid down in the University of Bologna, which became the first famous secular scientific and educational institution, whose professors and graduates enriched science and education with new ideas, thanks to which a new humanistic worldview was formed: law should be a measure of freedom and justice in the state and society. It is substantiated that the development of education has a civilizational significance in the state-building process, but the civilizational «growth» of the state requires professional human capital. An important source of information for acquiring a system of knowledge in medieval Europe was Roman private law, which was universal in application to new economic and other conditions, regardless of their complexity. The merit of the Roman jurists is that they formalized the customary law and supplemented and developed it according to social needs. It has been proven that Roman law was «safe» for medieval rulers and in fact indispensable for the maintenance of various types of private legal relations, so there was no reason to oppose its introduction into the educational process. It was concluded that the study of Roman law in the medieval universities of Europe led to the assimilation of the formation of the legal system in a number of European states and the formation of the Romano-Germanic legal family, because the principles and norms of Roman law formed the basis of European codifications. It is important that the law of the Romans was used as an active law even in those states that did not have a legal mechanism for solving controversial issues, especially in interstate relations, because this law is saturated with classic examples of solving various life situations. Addressing them contributed to the development of the student’s skills not only in legal analysis and thinking, but also in the practical selection and application of normative material in order to solve life’s legal problems.
Penya on the borderline of private and public regulation: the tax aspect of external economic activity
Authors: Demenko O. Ye.
Published: May 2024

The application of sanctions is a certain summary of the perception that a person has committed an offense. But before the direct application of sanctions, it is necessary to form a vision regarding the type of responsibility. That is, the construction of financial responsibility can be used, but as a certain generic model that unites institutional or sub-sectoral varieties of responsibility. At the same time, characterizing the tax liability consistently in the assessment of its nature and consequences, distinguish not one of the stages of the tax liability (payment of taxes and fees), but the whole construction of the tax liability (accounting-payment-reporting). A systematic view of the construction of tax liability involves both an assessment of the behavior of obligated persons (payers of taxes and fees, etc.) and subjects of authority. The complexity of social relations, which express the peculiarities of foreign economic activity, determines the clear demarcation of these relations into certain sectors, the basis of whose regulation are precisely the branch characteristics of the subject and the method of the corresponding grouping of legal norms. It is necessary to distinguish between sanctions that are applied as a result of financial responsibility and sanctions that have a monetary nature but are regulated by other branches. Fines and interest are tools that are used in both private and public law. This involves, depending on the purpose, the subject of regulation and the application of not just public-law or private-law methods, but the tools of the relevant industry or sub-industry (economic law, customs law, money circulation, tax law).
In this sense, we would like to distinguish between the occurrence of adverse consequences for payers and the application of sanctions to them. The use of a penalty refers to the regimes of adverse consequences. But, it is unlikely that there is a reason to equate penalties and sanctions (fines). The basis for applying a sanction (fine) is illegal behavior, commission of an offense. The basis for the application of a penalty is the untimely or incomplete fulfillment of the tax obligation. The determination of the penalty in the analysis of such issues must be connected with the relevant powers of the supervisory body. That is, forming the competence of the subject of power, the controlling body, the state delegates to it not only the right to implement certain measures, but also the imperative duty to implement such a right.
Investment contract as a basis for obtaining housing: theory and practice problems
Authors: Ivanets M.
Published: May 2024

The investment contract, as a mechanism that allows you to get housing, is gaining more and more popularity in modern housing construction. This tool becomes key in ensuring access to housing for broad segments of the population and contributes to the development of housing construction. However, along with its advantages, the investment contract causes several problems in both theoretical and practical aspects.
In the current economic instability in Ukraine and the difficult financial situation of a large part of the population, the search for affordable and effective ways to realize the dream of owning a home has intensified. In this context, new buildings are especially popular as objects that provide an opportunity to purchase housing during the construction stage. Investment contracts certainly remain among the most profitable in this process. Purchasing at the construction stage allows you to reduce costs as much as possible, and later sell at a higher price when the object is ready for operation, reducing the tax burden. However, having chosen this path, future owners face the risk of an unforeseen situation, since there are almost no guarantees for investors to invest in residential construction without complying with the law or the terms of the contracts.
In this context, studying the problems of the theory and practice of the investment contract as a basis for obtaining housing is an urgent task. On the one hand, it is necessary to carefully analyze the theoretical foundations of the investment contract and its place in the system of legal regulation. On the other hand, it is important to consider the practical experience of using this tool, identify the problems faced by participants in housing construction, and propose ways to solve them.
In this work, we will reveal the essence of the investment contract as a mechanism for obtaining housing, analyze the theoretical aspects of this issue, consider the practical experience of using investment contracts in housing construction, and identify the main problems that arise in this area. Such an analysis will make it possible to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of using an investment contract as a tool for obtaining housing and to determine directions for further research in this area.
Technologies of virtual reality in the field of tourism
Authors: Manzyuk V. V. , Zaborovskyy V. V. , Kopcha I. I.
Published: May 2024

This article reveals the theoretical and practical issues of using virtual reality technologies in the field of providing tourist services. The position is argued that innovative technologies, which are currently involved in all aspects of our lives, whether it is a commercial sphere or a service sphere, have not bypassed the tourism industry. Such technological development has become very effective in the national economy of any country in the world, as new technologies can overcome obstacles related to space and time barriers, pandemic outbreaks, etc.
In the scientific literature, virtual tourism has become a rather promising phenomenon for the research of lawyers, marketers, sociologists and psychologists. The peculiarities of the application of virtual reality technologies in the tourism field have been the subject of research by many foreign scientists for several years. The largest number of publications on this issue is in Asian countries, in particular China and Indonesia, where the tourism sector has been most affected due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and travel restrictions. Their experimental studies reveal the main positive and negative aspects of the use of virtual reality technologies in the tourism sector.
Within the framework of our research, attention is paid to the specifics of the application of certain types of virtual and augmented reality technologies in the field of providing tourist services. In particular, we characterized tourism using the system of immersive virtual reality technologies, photorealistic 360-degree virtual tours, travel blogs, live broadcasts. Although this is not an exclusive list, virtual tourism can be supplemented with technologies of augmented reality, panoramic online tour, 3D photos, videos, etc.
It was found that the application of virtual reality technologies in tourism is indispensable for the creation of a new travel industry. It can enable users to visualize a virtual world by responding to visual, moving and audio cues, creating a sense of presence without having to leave their home or comfort zone.
A statement of claim as a statement on the merits of the case in a civil and economic process
Authors: Fennych V. P. , Buletsa S. B. , Zaborovskyy V. V.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the general characteristics of a claim as a statement on the merits of a case in civil and economic proceedings. It is noted that the separation of statements on the merits of the case is typical only for legal proceedings, while for other types of civil and commercial court proceedings, similar types of procedural documents are not allocated. The Code of Criminal Procedure and Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine gives an exclusive and identical list of statements on the merits of the case, among which the statement of claim is included.
A statement of claim as a statement on the merits of the case formulates a material and legal claim regarding the subject of the dispute, to which the court of first instance must give an answer, having considered the civil or economic case on the merits.
A statement of claim acts as a form of existence of a claim in a civil and economic process. A lawsuit cannot exist outside of the statement of claim, although its individual elements may appear outside of this procedural document. For example, the subject matter or cause of action may be recorded in the application for change of subject matter or cause of action.
A statement of claim as a statement on the merits of the case is a procedural document issued by the parties to the case (their representatives), but not by the court. In this case, it cannot be considered a law- enforcement document, even if the plaintiff will refer to the legal norms that qualify his claim or its grounds in the content of the claim statement.
A statement of claim in a civil and economic process can be filed by a large number of participants in the case (their representatives): the plaintiff, the defendant, a third party with independent claims, a court representative, the Human Rights Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, a prosecutor, a body of state power or local self-government, a legal and a natural person in the cases provided for by law.
The peculiarity of the statement of claim as a statement on the substance of the dispute is that its nature is related to material and procedural law, the appearance of this document affects the course of material and procedural relations. In addition, the statement of claim acts as a stage document, since it is not possible to submit it at every stage of the civil or economic process.
KARAKTER KERJA KERAS TOKOH BU MUSLIMAH DALAM FILM LASKAR PELANGI KARYA RIRI RIZA
Authors: Budiarti Adim Tri
Published: May 2024

Guru sebagai tenaga pendidik telah kehilangan nilai-nilai karakter kerja kerasnya. Karakter kerja keras dapat diperoleh dari sebuah karya sastra dalam Film Laskar Pelangi karya Riri Riza. Karya sastra ini terdapat tokoh dengan karakter kerja keras yang dapat dicontoh oleh guru, yaitu Bu Muslimah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan karakter kerja keras Bu Muslimah. Karakter kerja keras adalah perilaku dengan upaya sungguh-sungguh dalam mengatasi berbagai hambatan. Film adalah karya seni berbentuk media audio-visual komunikasi massa yang efektif dan mampu mempengaruhi penontonnya. Penelitian ini termasuk kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data: simak-catat, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini dari Krippendorf, terdiri diri dari: unit sampel, unit pencatatan, unit konteks, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: nilai karakter kerja keras Bu Muslimah pada film Laskar Pelangi terdiri dari: memiliki semangat dan tekad yang kuat, pantang menyerah dan berani mencoba. Saran dalam film Laskar Pelangi yaitu hendaknya film Laskar Pelangi diberi terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris supaya semua khalayak dapat memahami komunikasi dalam film dengan baik. Karena film Laskar Pelangi menggunakan Bahasa Melayu (Bahasa Daerah) yang tidak semua orang mengetahuinya.
HUBUNGAN PERHATIAN ORANG TUA DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV SDN 3 NALUMSARI
Authors: Sofiyan Dampit Adi , Sarie Fitria Novita
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perhatian orang tua dengan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SDN 3 Nalumsari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan jenis korelasi.Sumber data  berjumlah sebanyak 27 orang siswa diambil menggunakan angket perhatian orang tua dan dokumentasi hasil belajar siswa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah pearson product moment. Hasil penelitian adalah terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara perhatian orang tua dengan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SDN 3 Nalumsari. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,838 dari rtabel sebesar 0,381 dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,05 atau 5%. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara perhatia orang tua dengan hasil belajar siswa.
PERAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SD NEGERI GERITAN PATI
Authors: Ismy Geger Irvan
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa SDN Geritan Pati dan apa solusi yang harus dilakukan oleh orang tua agar siswa termotivasi dalam belajar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kualitatif dengan mengambil subjek orang tua siswa, siswa, dan guru sebagai subjek penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara dan dianalisis secara kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan orang tua yang anaknya berprestasi menggunakan pola asuh yang bersifat demokratis cenderung mampu meluangkan waktunya  untuk anak memberikan hadiah serta perhatian kepada anaknya untuk lebih meningkatkan motivasi anak. Sedangkan orang tua yang anaknya kurang berprestasi menggunakan pola asuh yang bersifat permisif cenderung kurang mampu meluangkan waktunya untuk anak, tetapi tetap memberikan nasehat kepada anak sebagai bentuk upaya meningkatkan  motivasi belajar anak.
Placa para acondicionamiento térmico y acústico de viviendas a partir de residuos textiles: de los obstáculos a los desafíos técnicos
Authors: Yajnes Marta Edith , Becerra Araneda Abraham , Busnelli Roberto , Aranda Yanina
Published: May 2024

Este artículo se centra en un proyecto sobre el desarrollo de placas para aislación térmica y acondicionamiento acústico como materiales alternativos, fruto del reciclaje de residuos textiles. La investigación se ubica en el partido de General San Martín, en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires.
A partir de los obstáculos que surgen durante las etapas de acondicionamiento del residuo, de fabricación del producto y de su certificación, se describen los desafíos técnicos asociados con el desarrollo de estos productos no tradicionales, que da como resultado una lista de buenas prácticas para incentivar su fabricación y certificación. La placa del proyecto aporta aislación térmica y acondicionamiento acústico para la envolvente de las construcciones mejorando el confort para sus habitantes y/o reduciendo el consumo de energía para alcanzarlo. Se orienta a resolver la problemática de los residuos sólidos generados por industrias de escalas media y grande dentro del ciclo de producción textil en la generación de telas por tejeduría plana.
Impactos da participação das micro e pequenas empresas do estado do Rio Grande do sul no programa ALI produtividade do SEBRAE
Authors: Mattos Luana Lacy , Silva Rafael Mozart da
Published: May 2024

O Sebrae promove de forma proativa a inovação em pequenos negócios, sendo uma dessas ações o Programa de Agentes Locais de Inovação - ALI. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar os resultados relacionados aos impactos da participação no Programa ALI Produtividade de dezesseis micro e pequenas empresas localizadas na região metropolitana do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, as quais foram atendidas no período de agosto a dezembro de 2022 por uma agente local de inovação. Em relação à natureza, essa pesquisa se classifica como aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa e em relação aos objetivos classificou-se como exploratória e descritiva e o procedimento metodológico utilizado foi uma pesquisa de campo. Os resultados obtidos com a pesquisa, demonstram que houve uma variação global positiva em relação à mensuração do Radar ALI, entre a primeira coleta de informações (R0) e a coleta final (Rf) representando um incremento de 24,4%. Ao analisar o indicador de produtividade proposto pelo Programa ALI junto as micro e pequenas empresas (MPEs), o qual é considerado um indicador relevante do programa, pois envolve variáveis relacionadas ao faturamento bruto, custos variáveis totais e o número de colaboradores na empresa, observou-se um crescimento global de 9,48% entre as MPEs participantes, entre a primeira mensuração do indicador (T0) e a mensuração final (Tf). Além disso, os resultados deste estudo podem contribuir para futuras pesquisas sobre a inovação nas MPEs e os fatores que influenciam a gestão destas organizações.
Palavras-chave: inovação; Programa ALI; produtividade; Sebrae; MPEs.
TRANSPLANTASI TERUMBU KARANG UNTUK TUJUAN REHABILITASI DI PANTAI LIPAH
Authors: Atmaja P.S.P. , Wiyanto D.B. , Putra I.N.G. , Darmendra I.P.Y. , Yunarta I.M.
Published: May 2024

Terumbu karang yang ada di Indonesia dikenal sebagai ekosistem yang memiliki kekayaan spesies paling tinggi dan sangat beranekaragam, namun ekosistem tersebut memiliki kecenderungan mendapatkan tekanan antropogenik yang cukup tinggi. Transplantasi terumbu karang untuk tujuan restorasi dan rehabilitasi memegang peranan penting dalam pengelolaan dan konservasi ekosistem yang terdegradasi. Upaya transplantasi terumbu karang telah dilakukan di area perairan Pantai Lipah menggunakan struktur berbentuk hexagon sebanyak 100 buah dengan bibit koral yang ditanam sejumlah 500 buah yang terdiri dari jenis Acropora spp. dan Stylophora spp. Monitoring yang melibatkan masyarakat lokal dilakukan sebanyak 1 kali/minggu selama 4 bulan kegiatan untuk melihat laju pertumbuhan dan tingkat keberhasilan hidup dari bibit karang yang ditransplantasi. Hasil monitoring menunjukkan bibit karang berhasil tumbuh pada struktur transplantasi dengan laju pertumbuhan yang beragam pada setiap spesiesnya dengan kisaran 0,2 – 0,45 cm/bulan. Peningkatan kesadaran dan pelibatan masyarakat yang lebih masif dalam melakukan pengelolaan bersama dengan stakeholder terkait memegang peranan penting untuk keberlanjutan kehidupan ekosistem terumbu karang beserta biota asosiasi yang termasuk di dalamnya.
Kata kunci : Restorasi, Biodiversitas, Terumbu karang, Hexagon, Pengembangan komunitas.
Authenticity and Dependability of The Volleyball Serve Precision Examination
Authors: Hoa Nguyen Van , Tram Nguyen Quoc , Cau Chau Hoang , Tri Nguyen Huu
Published: May 2024

Background: Assessing the precision of a volleyball overhead serve is essential for understanding players' skill levels and development. Existing methods may lack consistency and perceptiveness, warranting further investigation into a more reliable assessment tool. Objectives: This study aimed to scrutinize the substance, facade, perceptiveness, and consistency of a volleyball overhead serve for precision assessment. Specifically, it sought to evaluate the validity and reliability of the assessment tool across different skill levels, ranging from novice to experienced players.
 
Method: To achieve these objectives, a multi-faceted approach was employed. Fifty-five volleyball mentors, instructors, and athletes participated in the facade validity examination, while six academic experts assessed the substance validity. Additionally, thirty-eight university students, comprising both seasoned and inexperienced players, were involved to gauge the test's capability to differentiate between performance tiers. Perceptiveness was evaluated by comparing disparities in service precision across skill levels using the t-test for independent samples. A hierarchical clustering analysis was conducted using the Euclidean quadratic distance metric and the among-groups linkage method. Furthermore, the consistency of repeated testing was analyzed using standard error and intraclass correlation coefficients.
 
Result: The study yielded promising results regarding the validity, reliability, and perceptiveness of the volleyball overhead serve precision assessment. Facade validity demonstrated high agreement among participants, with consensus ranging from 81% to 88%. The test's substance validity and reliability were strong, as shown by good results in the evaluations by academic experts and high intraclass correlation coefficients for repeated testing (ICC = 0.85 for experienced participants and ICC = 0.82 for novices). Significant differences in performance were observed between experienced and novice players, further affirming the tool's ability to differentiate skill levels effectively.
 
Conclusion: The volleyball serves precision assessment emerged as a reliable and valid tool for evaluating players' performance across different skill levels. Its ability to discern skill nuances and provide consistent results makes it suitable for educational contexts, particularly in assessing novice players' development and guiding instructional strategies. This study emphasizes the importance of rigorous assessment methods in improving volleyball skills comprehension and advancement.
Social, Environmental and Techno-Economic Impact of Rural Electrification Isolated with Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Lata-García Juan , Flores-Bastidas Lizbeth , Rosero Pablo Parra , Jurado Francisco
Published: May 2024

Objective: To analyze the social, environmental, and techno-economic impact of rural electrification through the implementation of photovoltaic systems in isolated communities, in order to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants and promote sustainable development.
 
Theoretical Framework: Successful cases of off-grid rural electrification with photovoltaic solar energy in Latin America for the economic and social development of isolated communities are reviewed. The drivers and limitations of this technology in Latin America, the cost of energy and the contribution to local development are analyzed to promote its adoption and sustainability.
 
Method: A qualitative documentary method is used to study the social, environmental and techno-economic impact of rural electrification with photovoltaic systems in rural and marginal communities in Latin America, focusing on the case study of the community of Masa 2 in the Gulf of Guayaquil. Aspects such as the adoption of solar systems, implementation costs, benefits for the inhabitants and the need for a management plan to guarantee the sustainability of the systems are evaluated.
 
Results and Discussion: The results of the study show that isolated electrification with photovoltaic systems in the case study has had a positive impact on the development of the quality of life of the inhabitants, allowing access to basic services such as electricity and telecommunications and providing the possibility of receiving virtual classes and entertainment, among other benefits. The need for policies that promote the adoption of photovoltaic technology is emphasized, as well as the importance of considering technical, economic and social aspects to ensure the successful implementation of rural electrification.
 
Research Implications: The paper discusses the importance of implementing photovoltaic systems with management plans, in addition to the positive impact on the quality of life of the inhabitants, economic savings and access to basic services and improving educational opportunities.
 
Originality/Value: The multidisciplinary approach in addressing the social, environmental and techno-economic impact of implementing photovoltaic systems in isolated communities. The study also analyzes the benefits of rural electrification in terms of local development, access to basic services and improvement of the quality of life of the villagers, highlighting the horizontal analysis of the state of losses or gains.