bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epilepsy in childhood: an update on management
Authors: Costa Ester Maria de Almeida , da Silva Brenda Martins , Thomazin Iris Maria , Porto Isabella Otoni , Pereira Carlos Umberto , Rabelo Nicollas Nunes , Furtado Mariana Santos
Published: January 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to review current database for the management of childhood epilepsy, presenting and comparing the different types of treatment, focusing[1] on the ones with the best efficacy. Original articles related to the subject were obtained from SciELO, PubMed and BVS database using descriptors from “Health Sciences Descriptors”. Results: Epilepsy is characterized as a neurological disease that occurs due to abnormal neuronal discharges in the cerebral cortex. It affects 0.5% to 1% of children and is the most frequent chronic neurologic condition in childhood. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are the most used treatment for epilepsy. Non farmacological options, such as epilepsy surgery and neurostimulation therapy can be used to treat refractory or drug-resistant seizures. Conclusions: Around 70% of individuals with active epilepsy can become seizure-free and go into long-term remission shortly after starting drug treatment with antiepileptic drug in monotherapy. Randomized controlled trials comparing surgery and combinations of AEDs suggest that surgery can be more effective in stopping seizures in children.
Elevated Level of Carbonyl Compounds Correlates with Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sarkar Pinaki , Kar Kaushik , Mondal Mohan Chandra , Chakraborty Indrani , Kar Manoj
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Recent periodicals direct that reactive carbonyl compounds are formed due to existing oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus, which further nonenzymatically react with proteins and lipids to form irreversible advanced glycation end products (AGE) and advanced lipoxidation end products (ALE). In type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance plays a pivotal role in hyperglycaemia. In this study, we tried to find the relation between insulin resistance and carbonyl stress. Materials and Methods: Forty-seven patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (age 51 ± 5.06 years) were selected and fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin, total carbonyl compounds, HbA1c, thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) were estimated using standard protocols. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was evaluated from fasting plasma glucose and serum insulin levels. Results: We found highly significant correlations of carbonyl compounds with HOMA-IR, fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Correlations of lipid peroxidation end product, TBARS were not so significant. Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that the level of carbonyl compounds can be a biomarker of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Carbonyl stress, HOMA-IR, Oxidative stress
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is Expressed During Articular Cartilage Growth and Re-expressed in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Lingaraj Krishna , Poh Chye Khoon , Wang Wilson
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is expressed in osteoarthritic articular cartilage. However, the pattern of VEGF expression throughout the whole life cycle of articular cartilage is not well elucidated. The aim of the study was to investigate the spatiotemporal ex pression of VEGF and its receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2), in articular cartilage during growth, maturation and degeneration, using the guinea pig model of spontaneous osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: Sections of tibial plateaus aged 2, 6 and 12 months were obtained, representing growing, mature and osteoarthritic cartilage respectively. Expression of VEGF and its receptors was determined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation. Results: At 2 months, VEGF and its receptors were expressed in chondrocytes within the superficial layer of the articular cartilage. At 6 months, no expression of VEGF and its receptors was noted. In the 12-month-old specimens, VEGF and its receptors were expressed in chondrocytes within articular cartilage that exhibited osteoarthritic changes (medial tibial plateaus), but not in the histologically normal lateral plateaus. Conclusion: This spatiotemporal distribution of VEGF and its receptors suggests that VEGF is expressed during articular cartilage growth, becomes quiescent at maturity, and is re-expressed in osteoarthritis.

Key words: Chondrocyte, Degeneration, Tibial plateau
Prospective Audit of Febrile Neutropenia Management at a Tertiary University Hospital in Singapore
Authors: Jin Jing , Lee Yee Mei , Ding Ying , Koh Liang Piu , Lim Siew Eng , Lim Robert , Tambyah Paul Ananth , Hsu Li Yang
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Febrile neutropenia (FN) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Oncology/Haematology units. We launched a new protocol for FN management that incorporates risk stratification at our institute from October 2008. An audit was performed concurrently to evaluate the protocol and to define the epidemiology of FN locally. Materials and Methods: Case records of all inpatients with FN between October 2008 and June 2009 were reviewed prospectively. Clinical and microbiological characteristics were collated along with outcomes and programme adherence. Statistical testing was performed using Stata 10.1. Results: There were 178 FN episodes (50 in patients with solid cancers) from 131 patients. Forty-two (23.6%) episodes were classified as high-risk according to MASCC criteria. Initial blood cultures were positive in 49 (27.5%) episodes, of which gram-negative bacilli (GNB) predominated. Overall compliance to the protocol was 56.7%, with the main issue being disinclination to use oral antibiotics as first-line empirical therapy for low-risk episodes. Overall mortality was 7.3% and infection-related mortality was 4.5%. High-risk FN and the presence of central venous catheters were independently associated with bacteraemia on multivariate analysis, but there were no independent predictors of infection-related mortality. Conclusions: GNB accounted for the majority of bloodstream infections at our institute, unlike data from developed countries. Uptake of the new FN protocol was satisfactory, although the use of oral antibiotics as first-line empirical therapy can be improved. A better method for predicting infections caused by antibiotic-resistant GNB is urgently required, and antibiotic resistance trends should be monitored to enable the implementation of more appropriate antibiotic regimens over time.

Key words: Antimicrobial resistance, Gram-negative bacilli, MASCC score
Incidence, Mortality and Five-year Relative Survival Ratio of Prostate Cancer among Chinese Residents in Singapore from 1968 to 2002 by Metastatic Staging
Authors: Chia Sin Eng , Tan Chuen Seng , Lim Gek Hsiang , Sim Xueling , Lau Weber , Chia Kee Seng
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This paper examines the incidence, mortality and survival patterns among all Chinese residents with prostate cancer reported to the Singapore Cancer Registry in Singapore from 1968 to 2002 by metastatic staging. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective population-based study including all prostate cancer cases aged over 20 reported to the Singapore Cancer Registry (SCR) from 1968 to 2002 who are Singapore Chinese residents. Follow-up was ascertained by matching with the National Death Register until 2002. Metastatic status was obtained from the SCR. Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates, as well as the 5-year relative survival ratios (RSRs), were obtained for each 5-year period and grouped by metastatic stage. A weighted linear regression was performed on the log-transformed age-standardised incidence and mortality rates over the study period. Results: In the most recent period of 1998 to 2002, the age-standardised incidence and mortality rates (per 100,000) for prostate cancer among the Chinese were 30.9 (95% CI, 29.1 to 32.8) and 9.6 (95% CI, 8.6 to 10.7), respectively. The percentage increase in the age-standardised incidence and age-standardised mortality rates per year were 5.6% and 6.0%, respectively, for all Chinese Singapore residents. There was an improvement in the 5-year RSRs for Chinese diagnosed with non-metastatic cases from 51.3% in 1973 to 1977, to 76.1% in 1998 to 2002. However, the RSR remains poor (range, 11.1% to 49.7%) for Chinese diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer. Conclusions: Both age-standardised incidence and mortality rates for prostate cancer among Chinese Singapore residents are still on the rise especially since the 1990s. Since the 1990s, the improvement in RSRs was substantial for the Chinese non-metastatic cases.

Key words: Non-metastatic, Population-based, Registry
Acceptability of Medical Students by Patients from Private and Public Family Practices and Specialist Outpatient Clinics
Authors: Koh Gerald CH , Wong Teck Yee , Cheong Seng Kwing , Lim Erle CH , Seet Raymond CS , Tang Wern Ee , Chua Chi Siong
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Previous studies on patient acceptance of medical student teaching were from Western populations and in one setting only. However, there has been no prospective study comparing patient acceptability before and after an actual experience. We studied patient acceptability of medical student teaching in private and public family practices and public hospital specialist outpatient clinics in Singapore, and before and after an actual medical student teaching consultation. Materials and Methods: We conducted an anonymous cross-sectional survey from March through October 2007 of Singaporean or permanent resident patients attending 76 teaching private family practices, 9 teaching public family practices and 8 specialty clinics in a teaching public hospital. We used pre-consultation cross-sectional patient surveys in all three settings. For private family practice setting only, post-consultation patient survey was conducted after an actual experience with medical student presence. Results: Out of 5123 patients, 4142 participated in the cross-sectional survey (80.9%) and 1235 of 1519 patients in the prospective cohort study (81.3%). Eighty percent were comfortable with medical students present, 79% being interviewed and 60% being examined. Regarding being examined by medical students, parents of children were least comfortable while patients between 41 to 60 years were most comfortable (adjusted OR = 1.99 [1.55-2.57]). Females were less comfortable with medical student teaching than males. Chinese patients were the least comfortable about being interviewed or examined by medical students among the ethnic groups. Indians were most comfortable with being interviewed by medical students (adjusted OR = 1.38 [1.02-1.86]) but Malays were the most comfortable being examined by them (adjusted OR = 1.32 [1.07-1.62]). Family practice patients were more receptive to medical student teaching than the hospital’s specialist outpatients. Common barriers to patient acceptance were lack of assurance of patient privacy, dignity and confidentiality. Actual exposure to medical student teaching did not change levels of patient acceptance. Conclusions: Compared to similar studies from Western countries, Asian patients appear to be less receptive to medical student teaching than Western patients. Family practice settings offer medical students a more receptive learning environment.

Key words: Ambulatory, Asian, Consultations, Family practice, Undergraduate
Are New Resuscitation Guidelines Better? Experience of an Asian Metropolitan Hospital
Authors: Hung Shih Wen , Chen Chien Chih , Shih Hsin Chin , Huang Chang Feng , Chen Kuo Chih , Chong Chee Fah , Wang Tzong Luen
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines were revised in 2005 based on new evidence and expert consensus. However, the benefits of the new guidelines remain undetermined and their influence has not been published in Asia. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of implementing the new resuscitation guidelines and identify factors that influence the discharge survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in an Asian metropolitan city. Materials and Methods: This was an observational cohort study of all OHCA patients seen by the emergency medical service during the period before (Nov 2003 to Oct 2005) and after (May 2006 to Oct 2008) implementing the new resuscitation guidelines. Detailed clinical information was recorded using the Ustein style template. Statistical analysis was done using X2 test or t-test for univariate analysis and the logistic regression model for multivariate analysis. Results: There were 463 patients before and 430 patients after the new guidelines who received resuscitation. The rate of recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival-to-intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and survival-to-hospital discharge all showed no benefits regarding the new resuscitation guidelines (ROSC: 42% vs 39%, P = 0.32; Survival-to-ICU admission: 33% vs 30%, P = 0.27; survival-to-hospital discharge: 10% vs 7%, P = 0.09). The rate of ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VF/pulseless VT), rate of witnessed arrest, and rate of bystander CPR were much lower than in Western studies. After multivariate logistic regression, factors related to discharge survival were witnessed arrest and initial rhythm with VF/pulseless VT. The new resuscitation guidelines did not significantly influence the discharge survival. Conclusions: We did not observe any improvement in survival after implementing the new guidelines. Independent factors of survival-to-hospital discharge are witnessed arrest and initial rhythm with VF/pulseless VT. Because the rates of VF/pulseless VT and bystander CPR in Asia are low, popularising CPR training programmes and increasing the rate of bystander CPR may be more important for improving OHCA survival rates than frequent guideline changes.

Key words: Asia, Outcome, Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Survival
The Effect of Different Plant Growth Hormones and Concentrations on the Reproduction of Rosmarinus officinalis L. with Seedling Production
Authors: YEŞİL Meryem , KARACA ÖNER Emel
Published: January 2023

To evaluate the proper concentration of plant growth hormone and the suitable plant growth hormone in Rosmarinus officinalis L., a significant fragrant, medicinal and herbaceous plant, the study was carried out in a greenhouse during the vegetative period of 2022. In the experiment, peat and vermicompost mixture (3 peat / 1 vermicompost) as the rooting medium, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) hormones were used as plant growth regulators and the concentrations of these hormones were 0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 ppm The Randomised Plot Experiment Design were established three times in the Multiple Comparison Test “LSD”. In seedlings removed three months after planting, properties such as seedling height (cm), number of roots (pieces), root length (cm), maximum root length (cm), number of laterals (pieces) and lateral length (cm) were examined. The highest seedling length (19.88 cm) and number of shoots (12.60 pcs), 3000 ppm concentration of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), root length (16.30 cm), and 3000 ppm concentration of 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at the highest root length (22.82 cm) came to the fore. In terms of root number, the values found at 3000 ppm concentration of indole acetic acid (19.25 pieces) and naphthalene acetic acid (20.09 pcs) were combined into one statistical group and made up the maximum number of roots. The lateral length control seedlings statistically prevented other applications and produced the highest lateral length (1.99 cm). Therefore, it can be said that Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), both of which have a concentration of 3000 ppm, are the most suited growth hormones.
Aportes de los planes de eficiencia para la transición energética y metodología para sudesarrollo: el caso del sector residencial de Argentina
Authors: Recalde Marina , Dubrovsky Hilda , Lallana Francisco , Nadal Gustavo , Di Sbroiavacca Nicolás
Published: January 2023

A eficiência energética tem relevância significativa como política de mitigação e transição energética, proporcionando também benefícios econômicos e sociais. No entanto, muitas das opções de eficiência energética enfrentam diferentes barreiras e, por isso, não são implementadas, exigindo a implementação de planos e programas de políticas para incentivá-las. Este estudo aborda a importância e a necessidade de desenvolver planos de eficiência energética na busca da transição energética a partir da apresentação da proposta de um plano de eficiência energética (PlanEEAr) para o setor residencial na Argentina. O objetivo do trabalho é, a partir de um estudo de caso particular, ilustrar uma proposta metodológica construída para a elaboração de planos de eficiência energética, que combina ferramentas de análise quantitativa e qualitativa, e que permitem avaliar os potenciais de eficiência, seus impactos sistêmicos para o setor energético e ambiental e construir, a partir da identificação de barreiras, propostas de instrumentos que promovam sua implementação. Entre as principais lições do processo, destaca-se a importância de contar com ferramentas que contenham avaliações de potenciais de eficiência, impactos futuros, a relevância de um bom diagnóstico e identificação de barreiras e a construção participativa de propostas de políticas, bem como a necessidade de avançar nos processos de gestão do conhecimento para a implementação das propostas construídas.
How to Develop of Digital Entrepreneurship Publication Using Brief Bibliometric Analysis?
Authors:   Doctoral Program in Management Science, Postgraduate, Jakarta State University, Indonesia, Prasetya Budi Agung , Nurjannah Siti ,   Jakarta State University, Indonesia, Tjalla Awaludin ,   Jakarta State University, Indonesia, Suparno Suparno ,   Jakarta State University, Indonesia, Setiawan Adi ,   Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati
Published: January 2023

This article identifies related research developments related to Digital Entrepreneurship. It is hoped that this article will pave the way for future studies. Bibliometric analysis is used to determine research developments related to Digital Entrepreneurship. Digital entrepreneurship is a new research area. The first article related to "Digital Entrepreneurship" was published in 2000. Many articles with this theme were published only in 2019. The results of the Overlay Visualization analysis show that almost all of the keywords that become nodes are new themes or variables. This is reinforced by the results of the Density visualization, showing that all the keywords that make up the node are basically still very feasible to be used as research themes.
Principals’ and Teachers’ Perception of the Impact of Conflict Management Strategies on Effective Teaching in Secondary Schools in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, Veritas University, Abuja, Peter Kanyip Rev. Fr. Dr. Bakwaph , Chioma Rev. Sr. Ezeh, Scholastica ,   Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, Veritas University, Abuja
Published: January 2023

This study investigated principals’ and teachers’ perception of the impact of conflict management strategies on effective teaching in secondary schools in Enugu State. The main problem of the study is the mismanagement of school conflict that leads to nonchalant attitude of school members and rebellious behaviour towards instructions. The study objective is to examine principals’ and teachers’ perceptions of the impact of the two conflict management strategies on effective teaching in secondary schools in Enugu State. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Krejcie and Morgan technique was employed to select the sample size at 669 respondents. A self-developed Questionnaire on Principals’ and Teachers’ Perception of the Impact of Conflict Management Strategies on Effective Teaching was used for data collection. The data was subjected to analysis using SPSS and Cronbach Alpha statistics was applied. The findings revealed that the 6 items of the instrument yielded reliability co-efficient of .837, at 95% level of confidence, 0.05. Conflict management strategies have significant perceptions on effective teaching. The study concluded that, there is no one conflict management style that can be exclusively attributed to teaching effectiveness. Principals and teachers have to blend them well in their daily managerial activities in school for quality results to be realized. The study recommended that principals’ and teachers' education curriculum at all levels of training should include conflict management in order to empower principals and teachers to handle the same when in the field.
Management and Challenges of Slaughter Slab in Mubi Metropolis, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of zoology, adamawa state university mubi ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA, A. Elihu, , Z.M. Buba, ,   Department Of Zoology, Adamawa State University Mubi. Adamawa State, Nigeria, H. Bulus, ,   Department Of Zoology, Adamawa State University Mubi. Adamawa State, Nigeria
Published: January 2023

Study on the Management and Challenges of Slaughter Slab in Mubi Metropolis was carried out to determine the major challenges of slaughter slab in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The data for the study was survey method. The instrument for data collection comprises of structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of two sections. Section A dealt with bio-data such variable as age, sex, religion, educational qualification, while section B will be constructed to provide information for objectives of the research. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study disclosed that lack of sanitary operational environment in Mubi slaughter slab affect health of staff/workers, users/customers, residents and host communities living within and around the slaughter slab are at risk of outbreak of water borne diseases. The result of the study on waste management have shown that annually a total of 11,072 tons of blood, 17,280 tons of gut contents and 13,824 tons of waste tissues are discharged directly into the environment. The result also reveal that odour emissions from slaughter slab could cause eye, nose and throat irritation, nausea, cough, bronchitis, shortness of breath, stress, drowsiness and alterations of mood, residences are infested by flies and mosquitoes with varying degrees as per distance. The researchers therefore recommend that the existing slaughter slab should be upgraded with modern slaughter slab infrastructures and facilities for hygienic slaughtering, handling, storage and selling of meat to consumers to forestall infestation of meat by flies and other vectors that affect human health.
Occurrence, site fidelity, and abundance of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Western Ligurian Sea
Authors: Ascheri Davide , Fontanesi Elena , Ballardini Marco , Nani Barbara , Alessi Jessica
Published: January 2023

This study represents the first complete assessment of the population dynamics and residency of common bottlenose dolphins in the Western Ligurian Sea, an area where bottlenose dolphin sightings have been rare in the past. Despite being greatly affected by human pressure, information about this population is poor and sporadic. The study took place from April 2018 to December 2020. One hundred and seventy‐one dedicated boat surveys were performed year‐round resulting in 95 sightings, and 123 individuals were identified through mark‐recapture photo‐identification techniques. Dolphins were found to be present year‐round. Most of the animals (79) used the area sporadically and only 19.5% of the dolphins (24) were seen regularly. Bottlenose dolphin abundance was estimated at 248 using open POPAN population models (CI 95% = 217–284). These results help fill a knowledge gap by highlighting the regular presence of bottlenose dolphins in the study area. Moreover, they represent a baseline for future studies investigating abundance trends and the conservation status of this population
PARADIGMA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI ERA SOCIETY 5.0
Authors: Syagif Ahmad
Published: January 2023

The existence and need to learn Arabic remains a strategic issue in the midst of the dynamics of the changing times, especially in the current era of Society 5.0. This era has a basic concept in the form of transforming a conventional way of life to a digital one. This has an impact on all aspects of human life including Arabic education and learning. Among the challenges that await the world of education in the era of Society 5.0 is how to bring science and technology together without sacrificing students. That's why, through this literature review, the author wants to conduct a theoretical and factual study of the paradigm of learning Arabic in the era of society 5.0. So it was found that there was a significant shift in the paradigm of learning Arabic in various aspects starting from the orientation of learning, demands for teacher qualifications and learning models, demands for student competence and learning character, to the need for facilities and supporting facilities. Regardless of the pluses and minuses, all parties and stakeholders involved in Arabic learning activities must be willing to improve in order to be able to maintain their existence in this digital era.
Ҳуқуқбузарлик ва жиноятларни жиловлашда “фуқаробай” ишлаш тизимини ташкил этиш тартиби
Authors: Ахмедов Анвар
Published: January 2023

Мақолада ҳуқуқбузарлик ва жиноятларни жиловлашда “фуқаробай” ишлаш тизими тушунчаси, ушбу тизимнинг бугунги кундаги аҳамияти, жойларда “фуқаробай” ишлаш методикасининг самарадорлиги ўрганилган. Шунингдек, ҳуқуқбузарлик ва жиноятларни жиловлашда “фуқаробай” ишлаш тизими бўйича республика доирасидаги статистик маълумотлар, норматив-ҳуқуқий хужжатлар кенг таҳлил қилиниб, жамиятимизда ҳуқуқбузарликлар ва жиноятларнинг олдини олиш, маҳалла ва ҳудудлардаги криминоген вазиятни яхшилашга қаратилган таклиф ва тавсиялар ишлаб чиқилган.
«Муборак НГҚЧ» бошқармаси томонидан Бухоро поғонасида нефть қазиб олишнинг сўнгги босқичида «Ақлли қудуқлар»ни татбиқ этиш истиқболи
Authors: Бобожонова Зарнигор
Published: January 2023

Нефть ва газ саноатида сўнгги йилларда “ақлли қудуқ”лар атамаси долзарб бўлиб бормоқда. Энг ривожланган мамлакатлар шаҳарларни, уйларни ҳамда турли техникаларнинг интеллектуал салоҳиятини оширишга изчил ўтиб бормоқда. Бу уринишлар нефть ва газ саноатини ҳам забт этиб, ақлли қудуқлар ва унинг самарали фаолият олиб бориши учун хизмат қиладиган турли технологик ихтиролар нефть ва газ саноати кадрлари орасида рақамлаштиришга ихтисослаштирилган мутахассисларнинг кўпайишига олиб келмоқда.
Organization of amateur and professional folk choirs
Authors: Shokirkhonov Bakhtiyor
Published: January 2023

In this article, a person can reflect on his inner feelings and real events by listening to music, performing it, creating amateur and professional folk choirs, the activities of Uzbek composers, and the activities of artistic amateur groups, detailed information about their complaints.
Бошланғич мактаб ёшидаги эшитишида нуқсони бўлган ўқувчиларнинг билим соҳасини ўрганиш методикаси
Authors: Султанова Зухра
Published: January 2023

Ушбу мақолада махсус таълимга эҳтиёжлари бўлган болаларни ўқитишда ахборот-компьютер технологияларидан фойдаланиш самарадорлиги ўрганилди, кар болаларнинг билиш соҳасини ўрганишда батафсил аниқлаш эксперимент усулидан фойдаланилди, бошланғич мактаб ёшидаги эшитишида нуқсони бўлган ўқувчиларнинг билим соҳаси ўрганилди ва янги методика таклиф қилинди.
Киберфирибгарлик билан боглик жиноятларнинг пайдо булиш ва ривожланиш тарихи
Authors: Тоштемиров Анвар
Published: January 2023

Мақолада ахборот хавфсизлигининг бугунги кундаги долзарблиги, ахборот технологияларидан фойдаланиб, содир этилган фирибгарлик жинояти, унинг ривожланиш тарихи ва у билан боғлиқ тушунчалар таҳлил қилинган. Шунингдек, ўзгалар мулкини ахборот технологияларидан фойдаланиб фирибгарлик йўли билан талон-торож қилиш ва унинг салбий таъсири билан боғлиқ статистик маълумотлар берилган. Ахборот хавфсизлигининг бугунги кундаги долзарблиги, ахборот технологияларидан фойдаланиб содир этилган фирибгарлик жиноятига қарши курашиш бўйича амалга оширилиши лозим бўлган вазифалар ёритилган.
Current status of laparoscopic surgery usage in Türkiye: A middle-income country
Authors: Cem Esmer Ahmet , Çolak Tahsin , Edizsoy Akay , Tazeoğlu Deniz , Serdar Karaca Ahmet
Published: January 2023

Objective: This study aimed to determine the usage status of laparoscopic procedures in general surgical practice in Türkiye, which is a sample of middle-income countries.

Material and Methods: The questionnaire was sent to general surgeons, gastrointestinal surgeons, and surgical oncologists who have completed their residency training and are actively working in university, public or private hospitals. Demographic data, laparoscopy training and the period of education, the rate of laparoscopy use, the type and volume of laparoscopic surgical procedures, their views on the advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic surgery, and the reasons for preferring laparoscopy were determined with a 30-item questionnaire.

Results: Two hundred and forty-four questionnaires from 55 different cities of Türkiye were evaluated. The responders were mainly males, younger surgeons (F/M= 11.1/88.9 % and 30-39 y/o), and graduated from the university hospital residence program (56.6%). Laparoscopic training was frequently taken during residency (77.5%) in the younger age group, while the elderly participants mostly received additional training after specialization (91.7%). Laparoscopic surgery was mostly not available in public hospitals for advanced procedures (p< 0.0001) but was available for cholecystectomy and appendectomy operations (p= NS). However, participants working in university hospitals mostly stated that the laparoscopic approach was the first choice for advanced procedures.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the surgeons working in MICs spent strong effort to use laparoscopy in daily practice, especially in university and high-volume hospitals. However, inappropriate education, cost of laparoscopic equipment, healthcare policies, and some cultural and social barriers might have negatively impacted the widespread use of laparoscopic surgery and its usage in daily practice in MICs such as Türkiye.
A New Criterion for the ESG Model
Authors: Gazman Victor D.
Published: January 2023

This article presents the results of the study, the purpose of which was to develop a new criterion for the Environment, Social,  Governance (ESG) model and recommendations for its use in the ESG in determining the socioeconomic benefits of wind and solar energy instead of the most toxic generation—coal. The criterion proposed by the author for the ESG model has not been previously considered in the scientific literature. Based on the theoretical assumptions, the author’s methodology for determining the achieved savings is presented in the example of a number of large energy companies RWE, Enel, and Sunseap in Singapore. This article presents the model developed by the author and the calculations themselves and comments related to the proposed model. This article presents the author’s developed model and the calculations and comments themselves. The calculations carried out are based on the actual amount of carbon dioxide emissions charges, taking into account the damage caused, the number of people saved from premature death due to harmful CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, the value of statistical life determined by the WorldBank for Germany, Singapore, and Italy, the costs of treating concomitant diseases, and the social discount rate. This makes it possible to determine the real socioeconomic effect of replacing fossil energy sources with cleaner energy carriers that are not carbon-containing. An argument is presented that refutes the argument about the occurrence of a significant increase in costs in the economy that may arise due to the introduction of a fixed fee for harmful emissions. This allows you to set more accurate benchmarks and indicators in the ESG system and use them in attracting investors, forming ratings, and training specialists. The results of the research presented in this article may be useful for analysts who are engaged in the development and use of ratings for the ESG model, primarily for section E but also for section S. This article highlights the possibilities of accelerating invest.
 
Received: 3 November 2022 | Revised: 2 January 2023 | Accepted: 5 January 2023 
 
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.
Design and testing of multi-material flexure hinges for Fused Filament Fabrication
Authors: Ermolai Vasile , Sover Alexandru , Nagît Gheorghe
Published: January 2023

Flexure hinges are non-assemble flexible joints that allow the relative rotation of two adjacent rigid parts through bending. Traditionally thermoplastic material hinges are made through injection moulding. 3D printing technologies such as Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) introduced new possibilities regarding hinges development due to design freedom and the availability of multiple materials. However, the current state of the art focuses mainly on single materials hinges with non-symmetrical design for one-way folding. For this reason, this paper aimed to identify and test multiple design solutions for two-way folding hinges made of compatible and low-compatible thermoplastic materials using design thinking methods. The design process considered the materials' bond formation, resulting in overlapping designs for compatible materials and interlocking designs for the others. The considered materials were acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA) with thermoplastic co-polyesters (TPC) for the hinge. The resulting designs of multi-material two-way folding hinges were tested using a tensile test to evaluate the performance of the interlocking mechanism. The results show that macroscopic interlocking provides the best results.
Influence of cooling conditions during 3D printing on the switching temperature of a TPU with SME
Authors: Lang Anette , Boca Marius-Andrei , Sover Alexandru
Published: January 2023

Shape memory polymers (SMP) are materials with a special structure, designed to react to a certain stimulus. Using such SMPs with 3D printing technology opens up further fields of application thus providing for the so-called 4D printing. After such a printing process it is mandatory for the SMP to still be able to form a crystalline structure, maintaining its own shape memory effects (SME). The crystalline portion or the hard section of polymers is strongly influenced by the cooling rate during the printing process. In order to evaluate the influence of the cooling on the formation of the segments, thermal measurements using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were carried out. The test shows that the cold crystallization was evident in each case in the first heating run, but the cooling rate in the FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication) technology could not be reduced to such a level that the switching temperature changed. In order to have an influence on the melt peak, the cooling rate must be increased further. This was demonstrated in the 2nd heating run of the DSC measurements.
The Reasons for Distress of First-Semester Students During Covid-19 Pandemic and Mitigation Measures
Authors: Oberst Rebecca , Hedderich Barbara , De Miguel Molina Blanca , Catalá Pérez Daniel
Published: January 2023

Due to governmental restrictions in Germany regarding the Covid-19 pandemic, presential lectures were either just permitted under strict conditions or not at all. This led to a switch to an online format, which in turn had effects on the students and their perception of stress. This paper investigates the root causes of stress among first-semester students at a mid-sized university in southern Germany. In a quantitative-qualitative approach, 112 first-semester students (69,6 % female) participated in an anonymized survey that contained closed and open questions regarding the reasons for their perceived stress. In the end, the participants had the chance to give additional input on how they think the university can help to reduce stress levels. The most frequently reported reasons for stress were examination (69%), self-managed learning/ online format (57%), and social interaction (53%). The students expressed their wish for more information regarding the general operating procedure and the scope of coursework and exams. Furthermore, many felt overwhelmed with the manifold online tools of the university and were not able to manage their time efficiently. Easy-to-implement measures for the university to support the students are introductory courses to the platforms, a dedicated timetable for the study programs, and time management seminars. These and other measures are presented within this paper.
Development of recyclable jointless plastic grippers for use in the medical technology sector
Authors: Sover Alexandru , Zink Markus , Boca Marius-Andrei , Schönbucher Thomas
Published: January 2023

Medical grippers can be used for various purposes. They are a standard instrument in medical technology and are widely used every day for multiple applications. Jointless grippers, which, due to their geometry and material properties, allow for an easy gripping function, are very welcome to the medical sector in order to make the work and especially the hygiene or sterilisation of the products easier. The application of a single-use instrument made of thermoplastic and 100% recyclable plastic is an ideal response to the current trend toward the increasingly frequent application of single-use instruments in medical technology. Moreover, the infected plastic material can be easily disposed of. The development of a new type of gripper made of plastic is a step towards partially fulfilling this need. This article presents the development and validation of a jointless medical gripper produced by additive manufacturing and injection moulding technologies, using a compliant mechanism and thermoplastic material.
Virtual Organizational Socialization – a structured literature review and research agenda
Authors: Didion Eva , Ambrosius Ute , Perello-Marín M. Rosario , Catalá-Pérez Daniel
Published: January 2023

The literature on Organizational Socialization and Onboarding has assumed traditional work relationships located on-site in the company. Due to the Corona pandemic, remote work has gained tremendous importance. However, we do not yet know how the lack of physical presence affects organizational socialization. The research interest is to assess papers analyzing virtual organizational socialization systematically. The method used was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). A protocol was made. In this, the search parameters were recorded. Literature relevant to the research question was identified and evaluated. This was examined and put into context. Key Findings: virtual organizational socialization represents a research gap. The literature is scattered; we only found a small number of relevant articles from different disciplines focusing on impediments of virtual organizational socialization. Research on onboarding practices that help overcome obstacles imposed by a higher degree of virtual work is needed.
Cross-cultural Collaboration for International Trade, and Markets. Case of Indigenous Management Concepts
Authors: Garg Ritam
Published: January 2023

The economic developments in the 21st century that are happening within the context of globalisation have increasingly set the focus on emerging markets. Moreover, it is expected that within the next twenty years, most of the world's growth will occur in the emerging markets (Cavusgil et al., 2013). Within this background, one market that particularly seems to gain increasing importance in the context of international trade is the People's Republic of China. Today, it is the world's second largest trading nation, and has emerged as the most important bilateral trade partner for many countries (Riccardi, 2016). Despite the unprecedented growth rates, and bi-lateral trade agreements, the importance and understanding of indigenous management practices unique to China remain largely unknown (Garg and Berning, 2017). The objective, therefore, of this paper is two-fold; the first objective is to explore the nature of culture and its role in the society. The second objective is to explore and investigate whether and how German companies’ understanding of Chinese culture facilitates the trade negotiations. The paper seeks to contribute to the growing indigenous management research.
Potential perspectives of 3D laser scanner for real-life domains
Authors: Almerich-Chulia Ana Isabel , Moreno-Puchalt Jesica
Published: January 2023

The 3D laser scanning technology called the accurate scene reproduction technology can support the 3D design of all kinds of tested objectives in the favorable data. It simplifies the construction project cost and improves work efficiency, but the results of its data evaluation are more reliable and comprehensive. During the last half of the 20th century, 3D laser scanning was developed to recreate the surfaces of various objects and places accurately. Technology is beneficial in the fields of research and design. The 3D laser scanner has been applied in some industries to represent its immeasurable value. In this paper, these cases used in cultural heritage, sculptures, engineering applications are more than representative to show a variety of laser scanner applications. The data processed in the follow-up are used in mapping, finite element analysis, simulation analysis, virtual reality, and other aspects.
Connect.Me: A Step Towards Hybrid Intelligence
Authors: Lanquillon Carsten , Schacht Sigurd
Published: January 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is drastically transforming the world around us. Rather than replacing humans, hybrid intelligence combines human and machine intelligence to leverage each of their individual strengths. We summarize different requirements and approaches identified to achieve hybrid intelligence and focus on conversational AI to build a cognitive agent that supports knowledge management within an organization. The agent automatically extracts knowledge from artifacts provided or published by the users. In addition, the knowledge base steadily grows while the agent talks to the users and the users provide feedback and the system is continuously learning to extract new types of entities and relations to answer more questions based on the knowledge graph and to access other sources of information. The first types of entities and relations extracted already support users in finding colleagues with relevant skills or interests. Based on information provided by the agent, collaboration among employees and, thus, knowledge sharing and transfer is encouraged. The collaboration between the cognitive agent as an AI artifact and employees combined with a system that learns and adapts while in use stressing explainability and trust in its answers entails a step towards hybrid intelligence.
On Overcoming the Gap between Industry and Academic Research in the Field of Music Technology
Authors: Pöpel Cornelius , Egbert Jürgen
Published: January 2023

The field of industrial music technology, as well as academic research on music technology, strives for a high innovation potential and depends on it. Therefore, it would make a lot of sense if both areas were in an intensive exchange and cooperative collaboration. In the experience of the two authors, this is the case only to a very small extent. In this paper, observations of islands in research and development are presented. Actions are shown with which attempts were made to establish the transfer between the two areas. On the basis of the experience of the authors where this has more or less worked, it is analysed which factors are decisive for the fact that it is still extremely difficult to establish the transfer. In view of these factors, suggestions are made as to how a better degree of transfer can be achieved in the future
Potential Usages of Virtual Reality in Design Research and Practice – A Review
Authors: Stadler Sebastian
Published: January 2023

Besides application fields such as entertainment and marketing, the technology of Virtual Reality is also applied in research and practice, including domains such as automotive, architecture, and construction. Furthermore, VR has been utilized for several activities in design practice and design research. However, the impact of this technology on design as a profession remains to be investigated. Thus, in the present study, an integrative literature review is presented to investigate the potential impact of Virtual Reality on design research and design practice. The findings indicate potential advantages on different levels. VR has the potential to enhance problem identification due to laboratorial environments and to foster co-creation due to enhanced motivation and the establishment of synergies between the involved stakeholders. Furthermore, it supports prototyping activities due to its capabilities for realistic scaling and perspectives. And lastly, VR has proven to be advantageous for design evaluations and reviews due to its visualization and immersion potential. Drawbacks of using VR for design research and practice involve technical limitations such as restricted field of view, limited performance, but also aspects such as missing accuracy for prototyping and the absence of haptic feedback. Future work will involve an extended review involving further literature and application domains.
¿Es relevante la reputación del Consejero Delegado? Un análisis de su influencia en los resultados empresariales para el contexto español
Authors: De Quevedo Puente Esther , Delgado García Juan Bautista , Blanco Mazagatos Virginia
Published: January 2023

En la literatura no hay consenso sobre la influencia de la reputación del Consejero Delegado en el resultado de las empresas. Nuestra investigación avanza en este debate, y analiza dicha influencia en la reputación y la rentabilidad de la empresa, así como el posible efecto mediador de la reputación corporativa en la relación entre la reputación del Consejero Delegado y la rentabilidad. Para contrastar nuestras hipótesis analizamos una muestra de 83 empresas españolas para el periodo 2000-2012. Para controlar la posible endogeneidad, empleamos un análisis de datos de panel dinámico con el Método Generalizado de Momentos (GMM). Nuestros resultados muestran que la reputación del Consejero Delegado está positivamente relacionada con la reputación corporativa tanto en periodos de crecimiento económico como de crisis. Los resultados también evidencian que la reputación del Consejero Delegado afecta positivamente a la rentabilidad, pero únicamente en el periodo de crisis económica. Finalmente, encontramos que la relación entre la reputación del Consejero Delegado y la rentabilidad no está mediada por la reputación corporativa. Nuestra investigación contribuye a explicar los resultados contradictorios de la literatura previa, y también tiene implicaciones en la selección y el control de los Consejeros Delegados.