bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect Of Turbine Level Of Model L And Turbine Model S In Gravitation Of Water Vortex Plant Power (GWVPP) Based On Cylinder Basin
Authors: Hasan Basri Muhammad , Kusuma Putra Fredi , Tijaniyah Tijaniyah , Indarto Bachtera
Published: August 2020

The effect of the height of the L model turbine and the S model turbine on the Vortex Power Pland Gravitation Water Using a Cylinder Basin Based Gearbox using a DC generator. This study aims to determine how much torque is generated, rotations per minute, voltage, current, and power generated by the power plant of gravity vortex airs and compare the influence of the height of the turbine position on the results of the data obtained. The study was conducted using a cylindrical basin that has an input diameter of 50 cm while the output diameter is 5 cm, using a 4 blade turbine shaped L and S models and using variations in the height of the turbine placement at depths of 10 cm, 12 cm, 14 cm, 16 cm, and 18 cm is calculated from the surface of the water, the fluid flow varies. The largest electric power using a L model turbine at a torque load of 0,0005886 Nm with a water discharge of 0.66 l / s obtained electrical power of 1.368 watts, and low electrical power is present at a torque load of 0,0002943 Nm with a water discharge of 0.73 electrical power obtained 0.872 watts. Whereas in the S model turbine, the largest electric power with a torque load of 0.0011772Nm with a water discharge of 0.85 l / s obtained an electric power of 2.097 watts, and low electrical power was found when the torque load was 0.0005886 Nm with a water discharge of 0.75 obtained electric power 1,856 watts. The highest elevation of the turbine position produces maximum data at 28 cm height.
Design of Automatic Pesticide Sprayers on Internet-Based Chilli Plants
Authors: Mujaddidin M. Azka , Ulum Miftachul , Rahmawati Diana , Joni Koko
Published: August 2020

Chili (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the priority needs for consumption by the Indonesian people in general. With these factors, the soaring price of chilies can not be avoided anymore, one of the factors is the attack of pests and diseases of chili plants. Therefore it is necessary to take appropriate and quick action so that pests and diseases attack on chili plants do not spread widely. However, manual spraying has a weakness that is the time needed by farmers for longer, physical fatigue and exposure to pesticides can endanger the health of farmers in the short and long term. Therefore spraying pesticides electronically can be a solution to this problem. The testing process can be seen from the top of the leaves affected by the disease, then the results of this study can design a system for automatic spraying of pesticides based on the type of disease that attacks by using the Internet of Things and the wifi module ESP8266. The overall results of the trial can be concluded that in testing 10 trials determine the automatic spraying of pesticides 100% success indicator. And Quality of Service for sending value during the trial with index value 3 (satisfactory).
Implementation of Ball Tracking Systems in Image Processing Using the Find Contour Method
Authors: Muhammad Rizal Ari , Taufiqurrohman Muhammad , Subur Joko
Published: August 2020

One technology that is experiencing rapid development is digital image processing. Digital image processing is a scientific discipline that studies image processing techniques. The use of image management is increasing and is used in various fields, one of them in the field of robotics can be applied as an object detector. Image management is chosen in terms of detection because it is able to recognize objects and colors quickly. In the field of robotics these advantages are used to control robots to navigate, one example is in soccer robots. Soccer robots must be able to detect the presence of the ball to find and carry the ball and kick it towards the goal. The ball in the match system has been determined with a definite color, in this case it is orange. Therefore, the robot must be able to detect the orange ball to detect it. In detecting the ball, the parameters produced in this system are the distance of the robot to the ball, the angle of direction of the ball and also the ball according to the color or not. To solve this problem in this study using a method that is processing the RGB image produced by the camera into HSV after which color filtering is done and then finished using the find contour method. The results of this study noted the accuracy of the system in tracking ball objects by 92.87 percent at the distance of the ball to the camera and 88.19 percent at the angle of direction of the ball to the ball. The level of accuracy is due to the position of the camera when shooting.
Analysis of Community Sentiments Regarding Plans to Relocate National Capital Using the Naïve Bayes Method
Authors: Tomi Eko Hidayat  , Mochamad Alfan Rosid  , Ika Ratna Indra Astutik
Published: August 2020

This study aims to analyze sentiment towards the transfer of new capitals derived from comments on the tweeter. The method used in this research is Naïve Bayes Classifier, a classic method that has a pretty good accuracy. Naive Bayes Classifier is a probabilistic classification based on the Bayes theorem, taking into account naïv independence assumptions. In addition to using the naïve bayes method, in this study the researchers also used word weighting. The weighting word used is TF-IDF, which is a combination of term frequency and inverse document frequency. By using 3 testing methods, namely Confusion matrix, Precission and Recall, and K-Fold Cross Validation. The results obtained in this study are 3 document classifications, namely Positive, Negative and Neutral. Testing is done by dividing the document into 2 subsets, namely training data and test data and the resulting accuracy of 64.6%.
Android-Based Word Composition Game "Ocid Scramble" To Train Deaf People In Composing A Sentence
Authors: Hamdani Arif  , Muhammad Nashrullah
Published: August 2020

Deafness is a term commonly used to refer to those who have hearing loss. Deaf people are those who experience problems with damage to the ear organs in the hearing process which causes the organ to malfunction properly, so along with the rapid technological advancement, now a learning media has been widely developed using smartphones especially with the Android operating system and can provide many benefits for users. Android operating system is a mobile operating system that is open source or open. Android provides an open platform for developers to create their own applications for use by various mobile / mobile devices. Referring to the problem above, the writer makes a learning medium in the form of word stacking games based on the android "Ocid Scramble" aimed at training deaf people in composing a structured sentence. The game also has a more interesting and interactive interface so that people with hearing impairment can improve their ability to compile a sentence properly and correctly.
Chinese Bonek: Reject Racism Through Symbolic Communication
Authors: Purnomo Mas Yongky Satria Muhammad , Krisdinanto Nanang
Published: August 2020

This research starts from the phenomenon of the existence of Chinese Bonek (support- ers of the Persebaya Surabaya club who are of Chinese ethnicity) in the city of Surabaya. Although a minority in numbers (compared to Bonek ethnic or Javanese), the existence of Bonek Tionghoa began to be recognized among Bonek. Moreover, they also rou- tinely physically present at the stadium every time Persebaya competed. This study aims to unravel the experiences of the Chinese Bonek in supporting Persebaya, as well as understanding how they interpret that support. That experience is seen through verbal and non-verbal communication that they do, which of course implicitly has its own mean- ing and message. This research uses a qualitative approach, descriptive type, and uses the phenomenological method. Data obtained from in-depth interviews, supported by observation on the field (especially when Persebaya competed in the stadium). The find- ings of this research data show, Chinese Bonek apparently means that their support is not only as support for their favorite football club, but also as an expression of rejection of racism and discrimination that they often experience, both in daily life and in the context of the interaction of fellow supporters. The support is done through verbal communication such as singing (chant) and status or posting on social media, and through non-verbal communication such as direct attendance at the stadium, wearing a Persebaya jersey / costume, and certain gestures.
Customer Service in Influencing Perceptions of New Students and Services of Upt PMB University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
Authors: Rochmaniah Ainur , Fajarini Elnika
Published: August 2020

As an educational institution, the thing that must be considered is the quality of service. If educational institutions always pay attention to the quality of their services to prospective new students, it will have an impact on the image of the campus which can lead to an increase in the interest of prospective new students who will register at UMSIDA. This study aims to determine the effect of Customer Service on the perceptions of new students and services at UPT New Student Reception at Muhammadiyah University, Sidoarjo. This type of research is quantitative descriptive, the location in this study was at the University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo with a sample of 96 respondents taken using the Slovin formula. While the sampling technique is proportional random sampling. Data collection is done by distributing questionnaires and documentation. Data were analyzed by simple linear regression with the help of SPSS 16.0. The results of this study stated that there was a good influence Customer Service (X) on the perception (Y1) of new students by 82.4% and a good effect of Custumer Service on service (Y2) of new students by 81.2% at the UPT of New University Student Admissions Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo.
Characterization of Chitosan Nanoparticles from Milkfish Scales as an Alternative Preservatives of Fresh Pangas Catfish (Pangasius hypopthalmus)
Authors: Ilmiyah Zurrotul , Rohmah Jamilatur
Published: August 2020

Fish is a commodities that are very easy to decompose (Highly Perishable), therefore made efforts to extend the shelf life of fish by using preservatives. Preservatives that are not harmful to health are chitosan nanoparticles. The aim of this research are to know the characterization of chitosan nanoparticles from milkfish scales and their effect as fresh pangas catfish preservative by using concentration variation 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% and optimization of storage time 12, 24, 36 , 48, 60, and 72 hours. Design in this research is experimental laboratory. Characterization of chitosan nanoparticles using FT-IT and SEM-EDX. While the effect of fresh pangas catfish preservation on chitosan nanoparticles is based on water, ash, protein, and ALT parameters. The results obtained on the characterization of chitosan nanoparticles on the identification of functional groups (FT-IR) showed absorption bands of OH groups at a peak 3450,99 cm-1, the CN snow absorption band was seen at the peak 2360,44 cm-1, the amine band of NH amine at the peak of 1639,20 cm-1 and the crystalline alcohol CO uptake band was observed at a peak of 1096,33 cm-1. The characterization results of SEM-EDX chitosan nanoparticles are round but clumped and clearly visible particle size changes. The experimental results were analyzed with two-way ANOVA statistic showing a significant effect between concentration variation and length of storage time to extend the durability of fresh pangas catfish. The best results of chitosan nanoparticles on fresh pangas catfish is at 5% concentrations at 72 hours of storage time with water value 16,4%, ash value 0,04%, protein value 0,04%, and ALT value 4,0 x 105cfu/g.
The Effect Of Lemon (Citrus limon) Juice on Serum BUN And Creatiinin Levels In Hyperuricemia Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Mufida Siti Nofiani , Puspitasari Puspitasari
Published: August 2020

Hyperuricemia is a condition of increasing levels of uric acid in blood serum above normal values. Citrus limon contains flavonoids which have the ability to regenerate kidney function and play a role in reducing oxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of lemon juice (Citrus limon) on serum BUN levels and creatinine in Rattus norvegicus rats that experienced hyperuricemia. The research design used is quantitative analysis using experimental methods. This study used 24 Rattus norvegicus rats were divided into 6 groups. group 1 as normal control, group 2 as hyperuricemia control, group 3 with chicken liver juice and allopurinol 10 mg / g BB, group 4 with chicken liver juice and lemon juice 0,9 ml / 200g BB, group 5 with giving chicken liver juice and lemon juice a dose of 1.8 ml / 200 g BB, group 6 with the administration of chicken liver juice and lemon juice with a dose of 3.6 ml / 200 g BB orally. White mice are taken blood for BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) and creatinine. Based on the results of the One Way ANOVA statistical test, there was an effect of Citrus limon juice on BUN levels in group 5 with a value of 18,425 mg/dl, while at creatinine levels which affected Citrus limon juice in group 5 of 0,250 mg/dl.
Arquitectura empresarial: estrategia para un cambio organizacional apoyado en la gestión de tecnologías de la información. Una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Giraldo-Ladino Daniel Felipe , Garay-Villada Ángela Dayan , Cardona-Román Diana Marcela
Published: August 2020

El objetivo principal de este artículo es realizar una revisión bibliográfica acerca de la arquitectura empresarial (AE), la gestión estratégica de tecnologías de la información (TI) y el cambio organizacional, presentando su definición y su asociación con el fin de afrontar el cambio en las organizaciones. De acuerdo con diferentes estudios en los que se menciona la AE como un enfoque ágil, se identifican los principales componentes de la organización y su relación en el propósito de obtener los objetivos del negocio. En la actualidad, varias empresas se apoyan en diferentes estrategias debido a su complejidad y, por tanto, requieren procesos de negocios flexibles que los soporten TI de manera efectiva en toda la organización. Ante este panorama, la problemática que se intenta resolver aquí es la siguiente: ¿cómo la AE se puede gestionar mediante estrategias de TI? A fin de alcanzar el objetivo se utilizó el método Deslizar —ordenarse, rotular, integrar, priorizar—, el cual consistió primero en la organización de la información bibliográfica recuperada de bases de datos estructuradas, información que luego se etiquetó con la finalidad de clasificarla y priorizarla para su lectura y análisis. Se destaca como principal conclusión de este trabajo el hecho de que las organizaciones más abiertas al cambio son las que asumen el desafío de transformarse utilizando las TI, y en las que la AE es una aliada estratégica en ese cambio al gestionar de forma adecuada los procesos del negocio.
Needs assessment for a curriculum for difficult conversations -A survey from 5 Chinese accredited neurology residency training programs
Authors: Zhou Lixin , Wu Bo , Wu Liyong , Cheng Xin , Hu Bo , Yao Ming , Zhu Yicheng , Peng Bin , Cui Liying , Ni Jun
Published: August 2020

Background: Communication skill is a core competency in neurology residency training. Specific training in this area at the residency level is often lacking, especially regarding difficult conversations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the current state in teaching residents about difficult conversations in 5 Chinese accredited neurology residency training programs and determine whether there is a perceived need for a formalized curriculum in this field.Methods: An anonymous, 27-question, cross-sectional online survey addressing difficult conversations for neurological residents were distributed to five grade-A, class-3 hospitals selected from the affiliated teaching hospitals of medical schools qualified to provide neurology residency training in China.Results: A total of 182 residents responded to the survey, and the response rate was 67.16% (182/271). Of the participants, 84.6% were female and the average age was 26.8 years. The majority of respondent residents (n=168; 92.31%) reported being exposed to at least one difficult conversation in their medical careers. Only 43 (23.63%) participants reported having previously received formal communication skills training. In comparison with residents without previous training, those with previous training indicated significantly more confidence（P=0.003）and were under lower pressure（P=0.037）in managing difficult conversations. Only 97 (53.3%) residents indicated interest in receiving formal training. Time, lack of enthusiasm, lack of educational materials and faculty expertise were commonly cited barriers to formalized training.Conclusion: This survey provides a preliminary assessment of the current status of education on the topic of difficult conversations in five accredited Chinese neurology residency training programs. Our results suggest that there is an unmet need to further develop and implement educational activities by teaching residents to lead difficult conversations. Future efforts should be made to establish and promote a standard and targeted communication curriculum in difficult conversation for Chinese neurological residents.
14-type HPV mRNA test in triage of HPV DNA positive postmenopausal women with normal cytology
Authors: Asciutto Katrin Christine , Borgfeldt Christer , Forslund Ola
Published: August 2020

Background: During 2013 and 2016 the Region of Skåne, Sweden, started to analyse human papillomavirus (HPV) and cytology in postmenopausal women 60-65 years of age. Our aim was to evaluate high-risk (HR) HPV mRNA testing for the triage of HPV DNA positive postmenopausal women with normal cytology.Methods: A total of 271 women, 60-65 years of age, underwent liquid based cytology (LBC) and HPV testing by using the HR-HPV DNA MGP-PCR-Luminex assay. HR-HPV DNA-positive women with normal cytology underwent complimentary HPV mRNA testing (Aptima, Hologic Inc.). Over a period of 49 months (SD 11.0) the women received regular follow-up at intervals of 12-18 months. Women with abnormal cytology and/or a positive HR-HPV DNA and/or mRNA result at two subsequent visits were scheduled for colposcopy and clinical examination. Results: Over the surveillance period, 3.6% (10/271) of the HR-HPV DNA positive women developed histologically confirmed high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) or worse. The cumulative incidence rates (CIR) were 29.7% (CI 24.8-30.1) for HSIL or worse among HPV mRNA-positive women at enrolment (39.5% 107/271) and 0% among HPV mRNA negative women (60.5%, 164/271), (p=0.002). Conclusions: Postmenopausal women with normal cytology along with the presence of HR-HPV mRNA are at increased risk for development of severe cervical dysplasia, in contrast to those women with negative HR-HPV mRNA. The HR-HPV mRNA APTIMA assay detecting 14 HR-HPV types may be a useful triage method among HPV DNA positive postmenopausal women with normal cytology.
Inhibitory effects of iron depletion plus eribulin on the breast cancer microenvironment
Authors: Goto Wataru , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Asano Yuka , Takada Koji , Morisaki Tamami , Takahashi Katsuyuki , Fujita Hisakazu , Shibutani Masatsune , Amano Ryosuke , Takashima Tsutomu , Tomita Shuhei , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi
Published: August 2020

Background: Iron is required for the proliferation of cancer cells, and its depletion suppresses tumor growth. Eribulin mesylate (eribulin), a non-taxane microtubule inhibitor, disrupts the tumor microenvironment via vascular remodeling and obstruction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Herein, we investigated the effects of the iron chelator on tumor-related properties of breast cancer cells and the effects of iron chelator plus eribulin on tumor growth in vivo.Methods: Two triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and BT-549, and one hormone-receptor positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, were used in our study. Cell proliferation, cell migration, cell cycle position, and gene expression were analyzed via MTT assays, wound-healing assays, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. For the in vivo experiments, mice with breast cancer xenografts were treated with the inhibitors, alone or together, and tumor volume was determined.Results: Iron chelator inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and decreased the proportion of S-phase cells. Conversely, it induced hypoxia, angiogenesis, EMT, and immune checkpoints, as determined by quantifying the expression of marker mRNAs in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Eribulin suppressed the expression of the hypoxia and EMT related marker mRNAs in the presence of iron chelator. Iron chelator plus eribulin inhibited tumor growth in vivo to a greater extent than did either inhibitor alone.Conclusions: Although iron chelator induces oncogenic events (hypoxia, angiogenesis, EMT, and immune checkpoints), it may be an effective treatment for breast cancer when administered in combination with eribulin.
Is it the time to implement the routine use of distress thermometer among Egyptian patients with newly diagnosed cancer?
Authors: Aziz Nashwa Abd El- , Khallaf Salah , Abozaid Waleed , Elgohary Ghada , El-Fattah Ola Abd , Elhawary Mai , Khaled Safaa , El-Haffez Azza Abd , Kamel Ehab , Mohamed Sherif
Published: August 2020

Background: The distress thermometer (DT) is an effective tool for identifying distress among cancer patients worldwide. However, DT has not been studied in Egyptian patients. We aimed to study the prevalence of distress among Egyptian patients with different types of cancers using DT. Methods: A total of 550 patients with newly diagnosed hematological and solid cancers who were followed up at 3 Oncology Centers in Egypt were enrolled. They completed a sociodemographic and clinical status questionnaire, the DT and the Problem List (PL) scale. Results: At a DT cut-off score of ≥4, 46% of patients had significant distress, which was related to the tumor site and stage. The most frequent problems reported were treatment decision (64.4%), worry (47%), and fears (44.5%). In univariate logistic regression analysis, participants who had significant distress described 23 out of 36 problems in the practical, family, emotional, and physical areas. After adjustment to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, multivariable analysis confirmed that insurance, depression, fear, sadness, worry, loss of interest in usual activity, and sleep were independent factors associated with significant distress in cancer patients Conclusions: Almost half of Egyptian patients newly diagnosed with cancer reported significant distress. Those who had significant distress described extra problems in the practical, family, emotional, and physical areas. We recommend the routine use of DT for screening Egyptian patients with cancer, as well as the involvement of the psycho-oncology and social services, at the time of their initial diagnosis.
Beam complexity and monitor unit efficiency comparison in two different volumetric modulated arc therapy delivery using automated planning
Authors: Li Chengqiang , Tao Cheng , Bai Tong , Li Zhenjiang , Tong Ying , Zhu Jian , Yin Yong , Lu Jie
Published: August 2020

Background: To investigate the beam complexity and monitor unit（MU）efficiency issues for two different volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) delivery technologies for patients with left-sided breast cancer (BC) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: Twelve left-sided BC and seven NPC cases were enrolled in this study. Each delivered treatment plan was optimized in Pinnacle 3 treatment planning system with Auto-Planning module for Trilogy and Synergy systems. Similar planning dose objectives and beam configuration were used for each site in two different delivery systems to produce clinically acceptable plans. Beam complexity was evaluated in terms of segment area(SA), segment width(SW), leaf sequence variability(LSV), aperture area variability(AAV), modulation complexity score(MCS) based on MLC sequence and MU. Results: With similar plan quality, the average SAs for Trilogy plans were smaller than those for Synergy plans: 55.5 ± 21.3 cm 2 vs. 66.3 ± 17.9 cm 2 (p<0.05) for the NPC cases, and 100.7 ± 49.2 cm 2 vs. 108.5 ± 42.7 cm 2 (p<0.05) for BC cases, respectively. The SW was statistically significant for two delivery systems (NPC: 6.87±1.95cm vs.6.72±2.71cm, p < 0.05; BC: 8.84±2.56cm vs.8.09±2.63cm, p < 0.05). LSV was statistically significant smaller for Trilogy (NPC: 0.84±0.033 vs.0.86±0.033, p < 0.05; BC: 0.89±0.026 vs.0.90±0.26, p < 0.05). The mean AAV was statistically significant larger for Trilogy than Synergy (NPC: 0.18±0.064 vs.0.14±0.037, p < 0.05; BC: 0.46±0.15 vs.0.33±0.13, p < 0.05). The MCS values for the Trilogy were higher than those for the Synergy: 0.14 ± 0.016vs. 0.12 ± 0.017 (p<0.05) for the NPC cases, and 0.42 ± 0.106 vs. 0.30 ± 0.087(p<0.05) for the BC cases. Compared with Synergy plans, the average MU for Trilogy plans were larger: 828.6±74.1MU and 782.9±85.2MU (p>0.05) for the NPC cases, and 444.8±61.3MU and 393.8±75.3MU (p>0.05) for the BC cases. Conclusions: The pinnacle 3 Auto planning system can optimize BC and NPC plans to obtain the same plan quality using Trilogy and Synergy systems. We found that this two systems resulted in different SA, SW, LSV, AAV and MCS. As a result, we suggested that beam complexity should be considered in providing further methodologies while optimizing VMAT auto planning.
Loneliness in pregnant and postpartum people and parents of children aged five years or younger: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Kent-Marvick Jacqueline , Simonsen Sara , Pentecost Ryoko , McFarland Mary M.
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe experience of loneliness during pregnancy and in new parenthood has not been targeted and developed as a program of research, despite evidence indicating that the incidence of loneliness is highest in those aged 16 to 24, and that loneliness rises during transitional periods. The scarcity of parenthood-loneliness inquiries leaves a gap in our understanding of new parenthood and its effects on the health and well-being of parents and their children. Here, a scoping review protocol will be presented to address this gap. The objective of this study will be to summarize the current knowledge on loneliness experienced during pregnancy and by parents during the postpartum period through the first five years of the child’s life.MethodsA scoping review protocol was designed following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. We will include all types of literature in English, including all study designs, reviews, opinion articles, dissertations, reports, books, and grey literature. To be considered for inclusion, sources should focus on loneliness in pregnant persons, postpartum people, and parents of children five years or younger. We will search the following electronic databases (from inception onwards): MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Dissertations & Theses Global, Sociological Abstracts, Scopus, and Web of Science. Grey literature will be identified searching the British governmental website gov.uk, the Jo Cox Commission on Loneliness, the Campaign to End Loneliness, and the British Red Cross’s Action on Loneliness websites. Two reviewers, working independently of each other, will screen the titles and abstracts of the articles returned by the searches, then screen the selected full-text articles, and extract data. A third reviewer will cast the deciding vote in case no consensus is reached. Results will be given in narrative form, mapped, and illustrated.DiscussionThis scoping review will capture the state of the current literature on loneliness in pregnancy and new parenthood. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. We anticipate that the study will identify gaps and make recommendations for future areas of study and related interventions. The protocol is available on Open Science Framework at DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/BFVPZ.
Homeobox proteins are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jin Xiao , Dai Lu , Ma lan Yi , Wang yan Jia , Yan hao Hai , Jin Ye , Zhu juan Xiao , Liu Zheng
Published: August 2020

Background: An increasing number of studies have described the aberrant expression of homeobox (HOX) proteins in gastric cancer (GC), which is critically associated with the prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of GC. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical value and action mechanisms of HOX proteins in GC. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and the pooled odds ratio (OR) with its 95% CI were used to assess the effect of HOX protein expression on the prognosis and clinicopathological features of GC, respectively. Results: Nineteen studies containing 3775 patients were selected for this study. Heterogeneity among HRs of overall survival (OS) was markedly high (I2=90.5%, p=0.000). According to the subgroup analysis, increased expression of HOX protein in the downregulated subgroup was associated with a good prognosis for patients with GC (pooled HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.36-0.59, I2=3.1%, p=0.377), while overexpression of HOX protein in the upregulated subgroup was correlated with a reduced OS (pooled HR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.79-3.74, I2=73.5%, p=0.000). The aberrant expression of HOX protein was crucially related to the TNM stage, depth of tumour invasion, tumour size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, vascular invasion, histological differentiation and Lauren classification in patients with GC. In addition, the molecular mechanisms by which HOX proteins regulate tumorigenesis and development of GC were also explored. Conclusions: HOX proteins play vital roles in GC progression, which might serve as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for GC.
ANGPTL4 overexpression inhibits tumor cell adhesion and migration and predicts favorable prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Cai Yu-Chen , Yang Hang , Wang Ke-Feng , Chen Tan-Huan , Jiang Wen-Qi , Shi Yan-Xia
Published: August 2020

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients have relatively poor clinical outcomes. A marker predicting the prognosis of patients with TNBC could help guide treatment. Extensive evidence demonstrates that angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is involved in the regulation of cancer growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. Therefore, its role in TNBC is of interest. Methods: We tested the ANGPTL4 expression level in tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and detected its association with the clinical features of TNBC patients. Next, the effects and mechanisms of ANGPTL4 on TNBC cell migration and adhesion were investigated. Results: We found that ANGPTL4 overexpression was associated with favorable outcomes in TNBC patients. ANGPTL4 upregulation inhibited cell adhesion, migration and invasion in vitro. Further analyses demonstrated that the possible mechanism might involve suppression of TNBC progression by interacting with extracellular matrix-related genes. Conclusions: The present findings demonstrated that enhancement of ANGPTL4 expression might inversely correlate with TNBC progression. ANGPTL4 is a promising marker of TNBC and should be evaluated in further studies. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered.
Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Implications of BRCA-associated Tumors in Males: A Pan-tumor Survey
Authors: Sun Peng , Li Yue , Chao Xue , Li Jibin , Luo Rongzhen , Li Mei , He Jiehua
Published: August 2020

Background The BRCA mutation (BRCAm) in males has been reported to confer a higher risk for the development of various tumors. However, little is known about its clinicopathologic features and prognostic implications.Design We conducted a retrospective pan-tumor survey on 346 cases of BRCA-associated tumors in males. Comparative analyses were conducted among male and female patients with BRCAm (n=349), as well as in male patients without BRCAm (n=4577).Results Similar incidences of BRCAm (6.0 vs. 6.6%) and age at diagnosis of tumor (median, 65 vs. 60 years) were observed in male and female patients. Carcinomas of the lung, bladder, stomach, and cutaneous melanoma were the frequent tumors demonstrating BRCAm in males, of which the majority were stage II or III diseases with a higher frequency of BRCA2 mutations. Compared to that in the non-BRCAm group, cutaneous melanoma (16.3 vs. 5.0%), lung cancer (19.4 vs. 11.8%), bladder cancer (15.6 vs. 5.6%), and stomach cancer (11.9 vs. 5.5%) accounted for a higher proportion in the BRCAm group. Advanced disease and more mutation counts (median, 322 vs. 63 mutations) were also found in the BRCAm group. A total of 127 BRCA1 and 311 BRCA2 mutations were identified, of which 21.8% and 28.6% were deleterious, respectively. Frequent deleterious variants were identified in carcinomas of the breast (100.0%), colorectum (62.2%), prostate (43.3%), and stomach (42.9%). BRCA1 fusions with NF1, FAM134C, BECN1, or LSM12 and recurrent BRCA2 mutations at P606L/S, E832K/G, and T3033Lfs*29 were detected. Frameshift mutations in BRCA2 at N1784 (N1784Kfs*3, N1784Tfs*3) were frequently observed in both male and female patients. Compared with those in females, BRCA mutations in males were associated with decreased overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Male patients with deleterious BRCAm displayed increased OS compared with non-BRCAm carriers. The subgroup analysis demonstrated that BRCAm was associated with increased OS in gastric and bladder cancers, decreased PFS in prostate, esophageal, and head and neck cancers, and decreased OS in glioma/glioblastoma in males.Conclusion These findings provide an overview of the distinct characteristics and clinical outcomes of male patients with BRCA-associated tumors, suggesting the importance of further genetic BRCA testing in males.
Longitudinal changes in sports activity from pre-diagnosis to first five years post-diagnosis: a prospective Chinese breast cancer cohort study
Authors: Lei Yuanyuan , Ho Suzanne C. , Kwok Carol , Cheng Ashley , Cheung Ka Li , Lee Roselle , Yeo Winnie
Published: August 2020

Background: To compare change in level of physical activity between pre-and post- diagnosis of breast cancer in Chinese women.Methods: Based on an on-going prospective study consisting of a sample of Chinese women with breast cancer, a validated modified Chinese Baecke questionnaire was used to measure physical activity at baseline (12 months before cancer diagnosis), 18-, 36- and 60-months after diagnosis (over the previous 12 months before each interview). Results: In our cohort of 1462 Chinese women with a mean age of 52 years, the mean level of physical activity at post-diagnosis was 9.6 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-hours/week, which was significantly higher than that at pre-diagnosis with mean level of 5.9 MET-hours/week (P < 0.001). The mean levels of physical activity at 18-, 36- and 60-months follow-up were 9.9, 9.8 and 9.3 MET-hours/week, respectively. There was no significant difference between any two of the three follow-ups at post-diagnosis. The proportions of participant who met World Cancer Research Fund/ American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) recommendation before and after cancer diagnosis were both low, being 20.7% and 35.1%, respectively. Compared to pre-diagnosis, most of the patients improved or had no change on level of physical activity at post-diagnosis, with the respective proportion being 48.2% and 43.8%. Conclusions: Adherence to current lifestyle recommendation for cancer survivors, Chinese women with breast cancer significantly increased level of physical activity level after cancer diagnosis, and such improvement was sustained to five years post-diagnosis. The proportion of patients who met the exercise recommendation for cancer survivors was still low. Encouraging patients on the importance of durable high level of physical activity in breast cancer survivorship is warranted.
Systematical assessment of cancer stemness traits via one-class logistic regression (OCLR) algorithm and associations with tumor immune infiltrates in prostate cancer based on seven cohorts
Authors: Chen Hongxi , Xie Jinliang , Jin Peng
Published: August 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Indentification and determination of toxin genes of Vibrio strains caused hemorrhagic disease on red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) by PCR method
Authors: Linh Nguyen Quang , Yen Pham Thi Hai , Tram Nguyen Duy Quynh
Published: August 2020

In this study, we isolated thirty strains of Vibrio from three different organs (brain, hemorrhagic site and digestive system) of Sciaenops ocellatus disease. The results showed that nucleotide sequences 16S rRNA region are highly, similar to those of V. alginolyticus, V. azureus, V. fluvialis and V. orientalis is published on Genebank, ranging from 98.05 to 100 %. The digestive system has the most common Vibrio strains (V. alginolyticus, V. azureus and V. fluvialis). Thereout, We found 25/30 strains of Vibrio containing from 1 to 3 toxin genes. None of V. parahaemolyticus present. Six parameters were used to measure the DNA polymorphism of thirty-three homologous DNA sequences in this Vibrio bacteria population. The results indicated that, number of separate polymorphic sites (S), total number of mutant sites (Eta), number of haplotype (h), haplotype diversity (Hd), average number of nucleotide differences (k), nucleotide diversity (Pi) were 98 (S) 103 (Eta), 9 (h), 0.887±0.032 (Hd), 25.789 (k) and 17.980x10-3±0.003 (Pi), respectively (P < 0,05). The G+C content above 1434 sites positions of nucleotide sequences accounts for 0.542The phylogenetic tree showed that these strains are divided into six groups. As observed, the appearance of isolated Vibrio on 3 organs of fish (S. ocellatus) hemorrhagic are V. azureus (27,67 %), V. alginolyticus (50 %), V. orientalis (6,67 %) and V. fluvialis (16,67 %). Through this result, we found that the diversity of Vibrio species that appeared on the red drum was used in the 16S rRNA region and the presence of toxin genes in these Vibrio species.Keywords: Sciaenops ocellatus, TDH, TRH, TLH, ToxR, Toxin gene, Vibrio.
Variation in mitochondrial minichromosome composition among Hoplopleura lice (Phthiraptera: Hoplopleuridae) from rats
Authors: Fu Yi-Tian , Nie Yu , Duan De-Yong , Liu Guo-Hua
Published: August 2020

Background: The family Hoplopleuridae contains at least 183 species of blood-sucking lice, which widely parasitize both mice and rats. Fragmented mitochondrial (mt) genomes have been reported in two rat lice (Hoplopleura kitti and Hoplopleura akanezumi) from this family, but some minichromosomes were unidentified in their mt genomes.Methods: We sequenced the mt genome of rat louse Hoplopleura sp. with an Illumina platform and compared its mt genome organization with Hoplopleura kitti and Hoplopleura akanezumi. Results: Fragmented mt genome of the rat louse Hoplopleura sp. contains 37 genes which are on 12 circular mt minichromosomes. Each mt minichromosome is 1.8-2.7 kb long, which contains 1-5 genes and one large non-coding region. The gene content and arrangement of three mt minichromosomes of Hoplopleura sp. and Hoplopleura kitti are different from that of the three mt minichromosomes of Hoplopleura akanezumi. Phylogenetic analyses based on the deduced amino acid sequences of the eight protein-coding genes showed that the Hoplopleura sp. was more closely related to Hoplopleura akanezumi than to Hoplopleura kitti, and then they formed a monophyletic group. Conclusions: Comparison among the three rat lice revealed variation in the composition of mt minichromosomes within the genus Hoplopleura. Hoplopleura sp. is the first species from the family Hoplopleuridae for which a complete fragmented mt genome has been sequenced. The new data provides useful genetic markers for studying the population genetics, molecular systematics and phylogenetics of blood-sucking lice.
Biomechanical Analysis of an Unpowered Hip Flexion Orthosis on Individuals With and Without Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Neuman Ross M , Shearin Staci M , McCain Karen J , Fey Nicholas P
Published: August 2020

BackgroundGait impairment is a common complication of multiple sclerosis (MS). Gait limitations such as limited hip flexion, foot drop, and knee hyperextension often require external devices like crutches, canes, and orthoses. The effects of mobility-assistive technologies (MATs) prescribed to people with MS are not well understood, and current devices do not cater to the specific needs of these individuals. To address this, a passive unilateral hip flexion-assisting orthosis (HFO) was developed that uses resistance bands spanning the hip joint to redirect energy in the gait cycle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of the HFO on gait mechanics and muscle activation for people with and without MS.MethodsFive healthy subjects and five subjects with MS walked for minute-long sessions with the device using three different levels of band stiffness. We analyzed peak hip flexion and extension angles, lower limb joint work, and muscle activity in eight muscles on the lower limbs and trunk. Single-subjects analysis was used due to inter-subject variability.ResultsFor subjects with MS, the HFO caused an increase in peak hip flexion angle and a decrease in peak hip extension angle. Healthy subjects showed less pronounced kinematic changes when using the device. Power generated at the hip was increased in most subjects with the HFO. Muscle activity showed inconsistent results, but several subjects showed increases in hip extensor and trunk muscle activity.ConclusionsThis exploratory study showed that the HFO was well-tolerated by healthy subjects and subjects with MS, and that it promoted more normative kinematics at the hip for those with MS. Future studies with longer exposure to the HFO and personalized assistance parameters are needed to understand the efficacy of the HFO for mobility assistance and rehabilitation for people with MS.
CCR5 promoter variants among Ugandan HIV-1 elite and viremic controllers: a laboratory ‑ based cross ‑ sectional study
Authors: Nyiro Brian , Amanya Sharon Bright , Nabatanzi Rose , Bayiyana Alice , Kalazane Linda Igumba , Waswa Francis , Nabulime Eva , Karara Daniel , Kabali Joel , Mboowa Gerald , Kayongo Alex , Nankya Immaculate , Kateete David Patrick , Sande Obondo James
Published: August 2020

Background Mechanisms for HIV control among HIV-1 elite and viremic-controllers are not fully understood. In Uganda, Studies have reported individuals who without Antiretroviral therapy have the inherent ability to control HIV progression to AIDS for a period of greater than 5 years. However, reasons for this phenotype are not understood. The study objective was to determine the distribution of CCR5 co-receptor on CD4+ T-cells and its associated promoter variants among HIV-1 elite and viremic-controllers. Methods We isolated CD4+T-cells from PBMCs using EasySep CD4+ T-cell negative selection kit, and stimulated them with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 for 48 hours. To quantify CCR5 expression, we performed immune-phenotyping using flow cytometry. CCR5 promoter polymorphisms were determined through sanger sequencing. The Kruskal–Wallis and the Mann-Whitney test were used to compare differences in the percentages of CCR5+ CD4+ T-cells and the differences in CCR5 densities on CD4+ T-cells respectively. p values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results The percentage of CCR5+CD4+ T-cells was higher among the non-controllers compared to the controllers although, the difference was not statistically significant; elite and viremic-controllers (p=0.9173), viremic and non-controllers (0.0702), elite and non-controllers (0.6010). Of significance was the CCR5 densities on CD4+ T-cells, which were significantly higher among non-controllers relative to the controllers; elite and viremic-controllers (p=3048), viremic and non-controllers (P=0.0312), elite and non-controllers (P=0.0210) From the sequence analysis, the rs1799987A>G mutation was found among elite (71%) and viremic-controllers (61%), while the -2459A/A and rs41469351C>T mutation were among the non-controllers (57%). This study also identified two novel mutations 1070T>G and 785A>G among the elite controllers (14.3%). Conclusion Rs1799987 SNP highly detected among the elite and viremic controllers may be associated with reduced CCR5 densities on CD4+ T-cells while higher frequency of -2459 A/A and rs41469351 SNP among non-controllers may be associated with increased CCR5 densities on CD4+ T-cells. Thus Rs1799987 SNP may be responsible for the delayed HIV progression among elite and viremic controllers, while -2459A/A and rs41469351 SNP may be responsible for the rapid progression of HIV among non-controllers. In vitro studies are needed to study the effect of the two novel mutations 1070T>G and 785A>G among elite-controllers.
Clinic-pathological characteristics of MMR protein, KRAS-NRAS-BRAF gene mutation, HER-2 and PD-L1 status in 3822 Chinese colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Zhang Li , Chen Nan , Li Zhongwu , Wu Aiwen , Chen Jie
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesColorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers. It is a heterogeneous tumor. The aim of this study was to investigate MMR protein expression, KRAS-NRAS-BRAF gene mutation, HER-2 and PD-L1 status in large Chinese CRC patients. MethodsWe reviewed all CRC patients who underwent surgery in Peking University Cancer Hospital between 2010 and 2018 from a prospective collected medical database. We analyzed the clinic-pathological factors associated with immunohistochemistry profiles. We analyzed KRAS-NRAS-BRAF gene changes through ARMS-PCR. ResultsIn our study, d-MMR frequency of CRC was 8%. d-MMR was more common in poorly differentiated colorectal cancer (p = 0.000), and d-MMR was more likely to occur in stage T3 + T4( p = 0.026), and p-MMR was more likely to have lymph node metastasis(p = 0.000). d-MMR was more likely to occur in the right colon, and p-MMR patients usually occur in the rectum sigmoid colon(p = 0.000). p-MMR patients were more likely to have distant metastasis (p = 0.000). We analyzed all 3822 patients with-BRAF status available by IHC, the frequency of BRAF positive expression ration was 1.4%. A total of 1068 colorectal cancer patients had gene analysis by ARMS-PCR. 484 of them had KRAS gene mutation, 28 NRAS gene mutation, 20 BRAF mutation and 536 patients had no mutation. The percentage was 45%, 2.6%, 2%, and 50%, respectively. d-MMR patients usually had BRAF gene mutation (p < 0.001). KRAS and NRAS gene mutations were not associated with MMR status (p = 0.846, p = 0.438). PD-L1 expression was higher in the female group (p = 0.034), poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma group(p = 0.026), and d-MMR group (p = 0.005). The ratio of HER-2 3 + was 1.9%, and HER-2 3 + was usually found in p-MMR group(p = 0.043). ConclusionOur data can improve deeper understanding of colorectal cancer carcinogenic factors and future therapies for colorectal cancer.