bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
At høre det uhørte: Teologisk epistemologi som dialogisk livsorientering
Authors: Welz Claudia
Published: May 2023

What does it mean to listen to what cannot be heard? In this article, the “unheard-of” is explored along two different tracks: (a) as something God-given or divinely revealed (in the context of theology and philosophy of religion) and (b) as something egregious or criminal (in the context of ethics and trauma studies). Theological epistemology is here developed with a special focus on the limits of the cognition and knowledge of God in Christianity (Anselm of Canterbury, Luther) and contemporary Judaism (Buber, Levinas), and on the significance of dialogue and second-person encounters. Epistemology is connected with a hermeneutics of the senses, where the human being is regarded as a witness who “listens” to something transcendent which can only be articulated on the basis of acoustic or auditory metaphors but nonetheless remains inaudible. In relation to an ethical and religious life-orientation (Kant, Stegmaier, etc.), listening is described as medio-passivity “in-between” activity and passivity, subjectivity and alterity. It is argued that the listener’s personal responsivity (Waldenfels) and responsibility (Buber, Levinas) remain opposed to “resonance” (Rosa) and an “echo” (Nancy) that has no distinct voice. Methodologically, epistemology as dialogical life-orientation is seen as part of a theory-practice feedback-loop which requires patient, hospitable listening practices in view of irresolvable theoretical tensions and fruitful paradoxes that always spur further thought.
In Search of Legal Certainty Regarding 'Effective Redress' In International Data Transfers: Unpacking The Conceptual Complexities and Clarifying The Substantive Requirements
Authors: Tzanou Maria , Vogiatzoglou Plixavra
Published: May 2023

While effective redress has emerged as a decisive issue in the context of international data transfers, it is shrouded by legal uncertainty due to several conceptual and practical challenges. First, the CJEU rulings on the right to an effective (judicial) remedy raise issues regarding
its role in the international domain as well as in relation to EU data protection primary and secondary law. Second, the extraterritorial application of substantive requirements for redress remains unclear and limited to ad hoc assessments. In particular, questions relating to the administrative
and/or judicial nature of remedies as well as the according constitutive elements of redress are yet to be determinately answered. The present article aims to address this gap by proposing a roadmap of what effective redress should entail in the context of international data transfers by focusing
on i) the EU autonomous definition of tribunal as developed within the CJEU case-law on Article 267 TFEU and, ii) the United Kingdom's Investigatory Powers Tribunal (IPT) as providing for an effective judicial remedy in the context of secret surveillance.
The Right to an Effective Remedy In International Data Transfers of Electronic Evidence: Past Lessons and Future Outlook
Authors: Kosta Eleni , Kamara Irene
Published: May 2023

Cross-border and international collaboration of authorities is often a necessity, involving inter alia the exchange of good practices, tools, human resources, but also information, including personal data. Cross-border access to data is essential in the context of electronic evidence
in criminal investigations and proceedings, as more than half of all criminal investigations involve a cross-border request to obtain e-evidence. From a fundamental rights perspective, a common denominator in transborder exchanges of data -irrespective of whether they take place for commercial
or for criminal purposes- is that the right to effective remedy of the individuals concerned shall be safeguarded, a right protected under Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms of the European Union. Taking into account this context, this paper provides a comprehensive
analysis and assessment of the right on effective remedies for EU citizens in international data transfers of electronic evidence and discusses the future of the right to effective remedies in transatlantic transfers of data in this context. The main argument of the paper is that the effective
remedies for sharing electronic evidence outside the EU territory are not sufficiently guaranteed by the existing applicable rules, due to the piecemeal approach followed in the EU.
Subjective Verification of Refraction- A Quality Section Indicator: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chaitra MC , Harshitha KM , Kumar H Mohan , Archana Sri
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Subjective refraction helps in establishing the suitable lens for a patient. But it also needs a patient’s cooperation for the proper estimation of the refractive error. Aim: To determine the impact of counselling of Optometrists on subjective refraction and spectacle prescription to patients attending Ophthalmology Out Patient Department (OPD) at their first visit. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted for a period of two months from June 2020 to July 2020. All patients attending the OPD at Department of Ophthalmology at R L Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre, Tamaka, Karnataka, India, were included in the study. A total of 120 patients, whose vision was <6/9, were included in each group. Group A, before counselling the Optometrists and Group B, after counselling the Optometrists by systemic random sampling method. The number of patients who required spectacle correction and those who were given spectacle prescriptions at their first visit were identified. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Results: In Group A, out of 120 patients only 62 patients (51.7%), had undergone subjective refraction along with spectacle prescription at their first visit. In Group B, (88.3%) 106 patients out of 120, underwent subjective refraction and spectacle correction was given on their first visit. Conclusion: This study shows a clear positive impact of counselling to Optometrists and the importance of counselling in achieving patient’s satisfaction.
Primary Endobronchial Plasmacytoma with Mediastinal Lymph Nodes treated with Radical Radiotherapy: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Verma Rakhi , Gandhi Ajeet Kumar , Srivastava Anoop , Singh Pradyumn , Rastogi Madhup
Published: May 2023

Malignant proliferation of plasma cells arising outside the bone marrow or osseous sites is known as extramedullary plasmacytoma. Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma (SEP) are commonly located in upper respiratory tract and sinuses. Involvement of lower respiratory tract is rarely seen in case of SEP. Here, the authors report a case of endobronchial plasmacytoma in a 41-year-old male patient, without any medical risk factors presenting with complaint of blood stained sputum. Radiological imaging confirmed endobronchial mass in right main bronchus. Histopathology with immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of plasmacytoma. Work-up for multiple myeloma was negative. Thus, patient was subsequently planned for radical radiotherapy for the primary disease. The patient tolerated the treatment well and was asymptomatic at the time of last follow-up. Solitary Endobronchial Plasmacytoma (SBP) is a rare presentation of SEP. Radical radiotherapy yields excellent local control rates and symptomatic benefit. Close surveillance for development of multiple myeloma is required at periodic intervals.
Subcutaneous Onlay Laparoscopic Approach versus Laparoscopic Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh Repair for Paraumbilical Hernias: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Kumar Jayadharshini , Gopinathan Athira , Ramalingam Sivamarieswaran , Ramachandran Balamurugan
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Paraumbilical hernias are currently treated most effectively with a minimally invasive strategy. After the introduction of Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh Placement (IPOM), it has been performed as a traditional technique for paraumbilical hernias, though there are many techniques such as placement of mesh in the preperitoneal/retromuscular space or subcutaneous space. However, there has been a constant debate over the choice of a better approach. Aim: To compare the short-term outcomes of IPOM and Subcutaneous Onlay Laparoscopic Approach (SCOLA) repair (subcutaneous onlay mesh placement) for paraumbilical hernias. Materials and Methods: A randomised clinical trial was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, SRM medical college hospital and research centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from March 2021 to August 2022. Study was conducted on patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia mesh repair for paraumbilical hernia. A total of 60 individuals were included in the study. They were placed in groups A and B according to block randomisation with concealed cover. Group A got laparoscopic SCOLA repair and group B got laparoscopic IPOM repair. The patients were tracked for a total of six months. A comparison of two groups was done to evaluate which technique is superior over the other in terms of duration of hospitalization, cost-effectiveness, duration of surgery, postoperative pain, postoperative complications, speed of recovery and returning to routine activity and recurrence. Results: Total 60 participants were divided into two groups, 30 subjects each in group A and group B with a mean±Standard Deviation (SD) age of the subjects in SCOLA group and IPOM group was 37.50±8.41 years and 37.87±9.18 years, respectively. Laparoscopic SCOLA repair for paraumbilical hernia has a comparable outcome to the traditional laparoscopic approach like IPOM in terms of postoperative wound healing (p-value=0.25). A 6-month follow-up revealed no recurrence in either group. Being a newer procedure that requires extensive dissection, the operating time (p-value=0.001), seroma formation (p-value=0.057) and number of hospital days (p-value=0.001) was higher for SCOLA. Also, it was noted that patients who underwent IPOM had significantly more pain experienced as compared to those undergoing SCOLA (p-value 0.45, 0.01 and 0.66 on postoperative days 1, 3 and 5, respectively). Moreover, a significant advantage of SCOLA is its cost-effectiveness. Conclusion: With the advantages of cost-effectiveness and lesser pain, SCOLA approach may be used more frequently in selected patients.
Association of CD10 and VEGF Expression with Tumour Characteristics and Treatment Response in Patients of Carcinoma BreastA Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Prasad Archa , Agrawal Himanshu , Gupta Nikhil , Gupta Arun Kumar , Bharadwaj Minakshi , Durga CK
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Majority of breast cancer patients receive systemic therapy. This has led to an extensive search for effective factors to predict the outcome. Two such markers for breast cancer are Cluster of Differentiation 10 (CD10) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). There is limited data available in the literature to support these parameters in breast cancer patients, especially from the Indian subcontinent. Aim: To ascertain the association of pre-chemotherapy levels of CD10 and VEGF with tumour load in breast cancer and treatment response. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Surgery in collaboration with the Department of Pathology at Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India, from November 2015 to February 2017. A total of 39 patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC) were included in the study. Preoperative levels of CD10 and VEGF were estimated in large needle core biopsy specimens. Standard anthracycline based chemotherapy was given to all patients as a 21 days cycle for three cycles. All patients underwent modified radical mastectomy after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NACT). Levels of CD10 and VEGF were estimated again in the mastectomy specimen. Increase/decrease or no change in VEGF and CD10 expression percentage was ascertained for each patient after systemic therapy. Variables that were studied in the present study were Tumour, Nodes, and Metastasis (TNM) staging of patient, expression of VEGF and CD10 in large needle core biopsy specimens and its association with tumour load, response to NACT and its association with CD10 and VEGF and histopathological characteristics like presence or absence of lymphovascular invasion oestrogen, progesterone and Human Epidermal Growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2)/neu receptor status. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Association between two ordinal variables was established using Kruskal-Wallis test. A comparison of ordinal paired data was done using Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test. The p-value <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The mean age of study participants was 42.0±11.4 years. Increase in TNM staging lead to higher CD10 and VEGF expression (p-value<0.05 and <0.029, respectively). There was a significant reduction in CD10 and VEGF expression postchemotherapy (p-value<0.05). CD10 expression was found higher in subjects with ER-negative status (22 patients) with p-value=0.014 and HER2/neu positive status (19 patients) with p-value=0.028. Subjects with HER2/neu positive status had higher VEGF expression (20 patients) with p-value=0.032. Conclusion: CD10 and VEGF can be used as independent markers for indicating poor prognosis and can be used as target for development of novel therapies in carcinoma breast.
Cultural Problems of Elderly Women in Rural and Urban Areas of Nuh and Hisar District of Haryana, India
Authors: Mor Amita , Kathpalia Jatesh , Tyagi Rashmi , Mehta Shruti , Kumari Vinod
Published: May 2023

Ageism can be very detrimental for the old age groups. The study was conducted on the bases of cultural zone Hisar from Bagar and Nuh from Ahirwati. This is descriptory as well as exploratory type of study which is designed to get specific  required information on cultural problems faced by them. Sample for this study has been collected data from urban and rural areas of each district was taken to make a total sample size of 256 old aged women respondents.The objectives of the study is to know the level of Cultural problems areas related to new generation of the elderly women along with socio economic factors associated with cultural problems. Most of the elderly women (45.70%) of both the districts were ‘agree’ that the changing dress pattern was a threat for preservation of culture followed by ‘neutral’ (34.00%) and ‘disagree’ (20.30). Most of the elderly women (47.70%) of both the districts were ‘agree’ (47.70%) that fast food replaced the home made and simple food. Most of the elderly women (49.60%) of both the districts were ‘agree’ (49.60%) that girls should not be allowed to stay in hostels followed by ‘neutral’ (35.20%) and ‘disagree’ (23.80). Most of the elderly women (43.80%) of both the districts were ‘agree’ (43.80%) that inter caste was marriage perceived as cultural diffusion. The cultural problems among the elderly women were found significantly (P ≤0.01, Z = 4.58) higher in rural area (49.68). To sustain dignity of old women awards should be instituted for the women who are serving to the best of their in-laws by the village panchayat /local bodies.. Most of the elderly women with age group ‘60-70 years’ (47.7%) in  rural areas were found significantly associated with the cultural problems with a chi square statistic c2 = 13.80 at a = 0.01 level.
Effect of Different Concentrations of 1-MCP and Varied Storage Environments on Physical Characteristics and Consumer Acceptability of Solo Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Fruits
Authors: Lartey Emmanuel Nunoo , Appiah Francis
Published: May 2023

The nature of papaya fruits is intently connected with their physical characteristics. Changes during aging are critical, yet uncontrolled ripening procedure can prompt fast degradation of quality. Despite the myriads of problems during storage and transportation or distribution, it is imperative to control ripening so as to reduce losses and maximize profit. A 4x2 factorial experiment in a completely randomized design was carried out to determine the effects of applying four concentrations of 1-MCP under two storage conditions on physical characteristics and consumer acceptability of ‘Solo’ papaya. During ripening, data on various physical characteristics including fruit firmness, cumulative weight loss (%), fruit skin color, shelf life and consumer acceptability were monitored. The 1-MCP treated fruit retained their firmness better than the control (untreated) fruit, regardless of whether they were stored under ambient or cold storage conditions. The percentage of weight loss decreased with increasing 1-MCP concentrations. In general, the 1-MCP treated fruit revealed a slower rate of color change compared to the control. The shelf-life of the papaya fruit treated with 1.5 ppm of 1-MCP and stored under ambient storage condition was extended by approximately 2 days. However, at the same concentration (1.5ppm) of 1-MCP but under cold storage condition, shelf life was extended by approximately 3 days.
The Mediating Effects of Classroom Management and the Relationship between Differentiated Instruction in Teaching and Student Engagement
Authors: Aldanese Precilla Gay B. , Limpot Marilou Y.
Published: May 2023

Aims: To determine the Mediating Effects of Classroom Management and the Relationship of Differentiated Instruction to Teaching and Student Engagement.

Study Design: Quantitative non-experimental design.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted through online survey in public schools of Division of Davao City, Davao del Sur during the school year 2021-2022.

Methodology: The respondents were 300 teachers from public schools in   Division of Davao City, Davao del Sur, Region XI, Southern Mindanao, Philippines. The selection of respondents was carried out through a stratified sampling technique. The data were collected using google forms.

Results: It shows that the relationship between the variables differentiated instruction, student engagement and classroom management was significant. Further, this study rejected the Ho that indicated no significant mediator between Classroom Management and Differentiated Instruction's teaching and student engagement relationship. Therefore, it appears that there is full mediation occurring in this study.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between Student Engagement and Differentiated Instruction, as well as classroom management and Differentiated instruction. Therefore, it was described in this study that there is full mediation in the Mediating effect of classroom management and the relationship of differentiated instruction of teaching and student engagement. The Schlechty's Student Engagement Continuum theory can be linked to this research, which proves that it requires involvement in the activity to make students' learning more positive. However, students will be more interested in learning because of good lesson planning, methods, strategies and techniques of the teacher that will result in interactive student engagement.
Correlation of C-Reactive Protein and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Covid-19 Cases
Authors: Luhulima Danny Ernest Jonas , Oktaria Sarah Amira , Kurniyanto
Published: May 2023

In December 2019, a mysterious pneumonia case was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province known as COVID-19, and its etiologic agent, SARS-Cov-2 virus. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a homopentameric protein that appears in inflammatory conditions. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) increases in both acute and chronic inflammations. This study aimed to determine the correlation between CRP and ESR concentrations with the status of PCR diagnostic test results in patients. It was a correlation study with a cross-sectional approach. The data was taken from results from the first PCR and laboratory examination of the patients for COVID-19. The population of this study was patients under monitoring (PDP) for COVID-19 who were treated at a hospital in East Bekasi, West Java. The sample for this study was 65 people, consisting of 28 (43.1%) negative COVID-19 patients and 37 (56.9%) positive COVID-19 patients. The results showed that at the start of the PCR test for COVID-19, there was a weakly significant increase in CRP (r=0.311), and there was a significant relationship between the COVID-19 PCR results and the patient's CRP levels (p=0.040) in the age group 1-40 years. In addition, there was an increase in the respiratory rate in patients with high CRP with a weak significance (r=0.366), and a significant relationship between the CRP test results and the patients’ respiratory rate (p=0.026). In addition, there was a strong relationship between CRP increase and LED increase (p=0.000).
Evaluation of Radionuclide Concentration in Suspended Particulate Matter from Two Quarry Sites in Nigeria
Authors: Onwuka M. , Avwiri G. O. , Ononugbo C. P.
Published: May 2023

Evaluation of Radionuclide contents of suspended particulate matter from two quarry sites in Nigeria, have been carried out using High Volume air sampler and Gamma ray spectrometer NaI (Tl) Detector. The results obtained showed the mean value for 226 Ra, 232Th and 40k for Ishiagu sampleswere 2.76, 1.57 and 5.29 Bq/Kg respectively while that obtained in Okpella sampleswere 1.84, 2.21 and 6.2 Bq/kg respectively. The values obtained were higher than their control values but lower than the world recommended safe values. The results obtained in Okpella are slightly higher than that obtained in Ishiagu sites. This could be due to different geological constituents and other mining activities going on at Okpella that might have contributed to the slight change. All the radiological health risk parameter estimated were within their safe values as recommended by UNSCEAR. Comparison of results with other similar works shows positive correlation. We therefore conclude that inhalable suspended particulate matter within quarry sites does not constitute immediate radiological health hazard though precaution should be taken to avoid long term accumulation that can lead to stochastic health risk.
Control Efficacy of Jingdusha against Corynespora cassiicola (Hyphomycetales: Dematiaceae) on Cucumber
Authors: Ma Zhangtong , Hong Jinghang , Zhao Juyong , Zuo Mingke , Song Tiefeng
Published: May 2023

Aims: The paper aimed to clarify the effect of cucumber target leaf spot (TLS) under the Jingdusha (JDS) treatment.

Study Design: We applied the method of artificial inoculation in the pot, and analyzed the changes in growth indexes and physiological characteristics.

Place and Duration of Study: In 2018, these experiments were conducted in College of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Shenyang Agricultural University (Lab 240).

Methodology: The seedlings in the two-leaf period were induced by the best application scheme of JDS, then inoculated Corynespora cassiicola for 24 h. Cucumber seedlings of each treatment group were randomly selected for photographing and growth index determination after inoculation for 5 d. The leaves of cucumber seedlings in each treatment group were randomly collected at 1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, and 9 d after inoculation for the determination of physiological and biochemical indicators.

Results: When C. cassiicola infects cucumber, JDS can effectively improve the growth and photosynthetic pigment content of cucumber, reduce the degradation of chlorophyll (Chl) under the stress of C. cassiicola, strengthen the variety of metabolic responses in the plant, repair the enzyme protection system of cucumber leaves, reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, shorten the process of membrane lipid peroxidation in blades.

Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that JDS can improve the resistance of cucumber seedlings to C. cassiicola by regulating growth indexes and physiological characteristics. This work will provide a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular mechanism of JDS in cucumber defense against C. cassiicola.
Response of Different Levels of NPK and FYM on Growth and Yield of Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) var. Neelam-61
Authors: Rolaniya Mukesh Kumar , Thomas Tarence , Singh Anurag Kumar
Published: May 2023

Today, with the advancement of environment pollution and health that is obtained from the improper use of inorganic fertilizer, production and use of organic fertilizer is considered as an important approach in the field of soil science in the world’s interest to investors. A research was conducted during Zaid season 2022 on central research farm of department of soil science and agricultural chemistry, (NAI) SHUATS, Prayagraj. Field trial was designed on Randomized Block Design with three replications and nine treatments. It may be concluded from the trial that the different level of NPK and FYM in the experiment gave the highest value. The best results were obtained with T9 treatment which included (N20P40K40 kg ha-1 + FYM10 t ha-1). This treatment resulted in the maximum plants height with the most leaves, no. of clusters plant-1, no. of pod cluster-1, no of pod plant-1, length of pod (cm) and highest pod yield. In contrast, the control treatment (T1) had the lowest results in all categories. The available NPK and FYM with the treatment combination of T9 (N20P40K40 kg ha-1 + FYM10 t ha-1) was found to be the best for the improvement of growth and yield of cluster bean. Therefore, farmers of Prayagraj region can adopt this combination to give the highest yield of cluster bean.
Influence of Microbial Inoculants and Molybdenum on Yield and Economics of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Choudhary Dilip , Singh Rajesh , Indu Thakur
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to study the influence of microbial inoculants and molybdenum on the yield and economics of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.). The research was carried out at Crop Research Farm, SHUATS, Prayagraj, India in Rabi 2022. The study included biofertilizer and three levels of Molybdenum (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg/ha). The experiment was designed using a randomized block design with 10 treatments, each replicated thrice. The soil in the experimental area was sandy loam with pH (7.8), Organic Carbon (0.43%), Available N (181.58 kg/ha), Available P (15.45 kg/ha), and Available K (197.64 kg/ha). The results indicated that the higher seed yield (1638.35 kg/ha), stover yield (3539.00 kg/ha), gross return (105101.20 INR/ha), net return (71599.20 INR/ha), and benefit-cost ratio (2.14) were observed in treatment 9, which involved the seed inoculation of Rhizobium and PSB along with the soil application of Molybdenum 1.0 kg/ha.
Studies on the Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Physical Parameters of Sapota [Manilkara achras (Mill.) Forsberg] cv. Cricket Ball under Agro-climatic Condition of Chhattisgarh Plains
Authors: Sahu Roshan Lal , Singh Prabhakar , Panigrahi Hemant Kumar , Rana Gangaram
Published: May 2023

The present investigation was undertaken during the year July/2020-June/21 and July/2021- June/22 at experimental field of Horticulture Instructional Farm, Department of Fruit Science College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.), India. The experiment was conducted on twenty years old trees of sapota, Cricket Ball with foliar spray of different concentrations of plant growth regulators applied at 50 per cent flowering and pea stage of fruit growth. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with twenty five treatments, and three replication for each treatment. Thus, a total of 75 data collection made available at each time. Physical parameters of fruit viz., fruit weight (126.36 g ±31.07g), fruit volume (121.59 ml ±29.07 ml), fruit diameter (6.69 cm ±1.33 cm), fruit length (6.92 cm ±2.01 cm) and pulp weight (112.61 g ± 2.01 g) of sapota fruits were increased with the treatment GA3 @ 150 ppm, while, the peel weight (8.79 g ± 1.72 g) was reduced under the same treatment. The specific gravity (1.045 g ± 0.015 gml-1) was recorded maximum under the treatment ethrel @ 1000 ppm. However, a reduction in number of seeds per fruit                  (4.50 ± 2.08) and seed weight (4.38 g ± 0.78 g) was observed by the foliar feeding of NAA @ 100 ppm treatment. The consumer demand, which is usually based on physical characteristics of sapota fruit, can be improved by the application of plant growth regulators. On the basis of the experience gained and results obtained after completion of present investigation, the most appropriate concentration and their time of application should be standardized for different cultivars of sapota.
Influence of Different Sources of Phosphorus on Productivity and Profitability on Greengram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Patel Nida Abdulrashid , Menia Monika , Bochalya Ranjeet Singh , Mehta Swati
Published: May 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2014 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHIATS, Allahabad, UP to evaluate the influence of different sources of phosphorus on productivity and profitability on Greengram. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with 9 treatments viz. Control (No Phosphorus, 100% P through SSP, 100% P through URP, 50% P through SSP + 50% P through URP, 75% P through SSP + 25% P through URP, 100% P through SSP + PSB inoculation, 100% P through URP + PSB inoculation, 50% P through SSP + 50% P through URP + PSB inoculation, 75% P through SSP + 25% P through URP + PSB inoculation. greengram variety Samrat was sown at a spacing of 30cm x 10 cm and it was fertilized with Phosphorus, SSP, URP, PSB as per the requirement of the treatments. The experimental results revealed that application of 100% P through SSP + PSB seed inoculation produced significantly higher no. of pods plant-1 (31.53), no. of grains pod-1 (12.8), test weight (44 g), grain yield (1496.77 kg ha-1), Stover yield (2920 kg ha-1) and protein (24.06 %). Further, it was revealed that application of 100% P through SSP + PSB recorded 32.45% higher grain yield as compared to control. Among the economics, application of 100% P through SSP + PSB seed inoculation recorded higher gross return (Rs 71766.82 ha-1), net returns (Rs 47002.17 ha-1) and Benefit Cost (1.89). Thus, application of 100% P through SSP + PSB seed inoculation) was found to be most promising treatment in enhancing the yield in Greengram.
Combining Ability of Maize (Zea mays L.) Line for Grain Yield in Mali
Authors: Coulibaly Mamadou Mory , Coulibaly Moussa B. , Sissoko Dioukou , Konaté Laban
Published: May 2023

Mali experiences irregular and poor distribution of rains which limit maize production greatly. The study objective was to evaluate the performance of various maize hybrids as well as determine general and specific combining ability of the lines under water limited conditions. Two trials were conducted at Sotuba and Kassela in South-Western Mali with 23 genotypes in the first trial and 15 genotypes in the second trial. The experimental design was a completely random Fisher block design. Morphological and agronomic traits were evaluated in a lines/testers crossing scheme where the testers were females and the lines were males. Results showed significant difference (P< 0.05) for ear height, days to anthesis, days to silking, grain yield, leaf width, plant aspect, and 1000 grain weight. In both sites, the general combining ability was significantly different (P< 0.05) between testers whereas the specific combining ability differed significantly (P< 0.05) between the lines. The best performing hybrid at Sotuba in term of grain yield was observed with TZI1876/9071 (6,003 kg/ha), and at Kassela the highest yielding was TZI1876/CML442 (6,320 kg/ha).
Powering Efficiency: Exploring Artificial Intelligence for Real-time Energy Management in Buildings
Authors: Rizvi Mohammed
Published: May 2023

This paper emphasizes the need for efficient energy consumption in buildings due to the increase in pollution and economic growth, which has led to an increase in energy consumption worldwide. Therefore, a real-time energy management system is needed to overcome the deficiency of energy consumption and improve energy efficiency. Further to adopt modern architecture, we introduce artificial intelligence; to identify the factors involved in optimizing energy consumption in buildings is an important factor. The paper also suggests different machine learning (ML) based algorithms for data cleaning, processing, and analysis. This includes different studies that used AI-based techniques for real-time energy management systems, including reinforcement learning, rule-based approach, and mixed integer linear programming, to reduce energy consumption by 20%-30%. The use of AI in energy management in buildings holds great potential for world’s scientific community. This technology enables data-driven decision-making, fosters energy conservation, and promotes advancements in the field of energy science, contributing to a greener and more sustainable future. The paper concludes that the use of AI-based approaches for energy-efficient systems can predict future energy demands by using previous data and building characteristics, making it more efficient than previous monitoring and alert systems.
Therapeutic Options for Granuloma Annulare: An Updated Review
Authors: Alghamdi Mohammed A.
Published: May 2023

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a type of non-infectious skin disease that involves the formation of granulomas, or small areas of inflammation, on the skin. It is characterized by annular lesions on the surface of the skin and may be linked to systemic diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and thyroid disease. The cause and mechanism of GA are not yet fully understood. In contrast to the generalized type, which is more persistent and less receptive to treatment, the localized version usually cures itself after two years. The most common form of treatment for localized GA includes topical and intralesional triamcinolone. Corticosteroid-resistant GA may require second-line therapies, including apremilast, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, dapsone, pentoxifylline, and sulphasalazine. Phototherapy remains a viable option for certain GA patients due to its moderate efficacy and relatively safe profile. This research update comprehensively reviews the available literature on the treatment of GA, as well as the effectiveness and safety of different GA modalities for treatment.
Epitaxial 2D PbS Nanosheet‐Formamidinium Lead Triiodide Heterostructure Enabling High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Xuanling , Wu Ziyi , Zhong Han , Wang Xuanyu , Yang Jianfei , Zhang Ziling , Han Jianhua , Oron Dan , Lin Hong
Published: May 2023

Nanomaterials such as quantum dots and 2D materials have been widely used to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells due to their favorable optical properties, conductivity, and stability. Nevertheless, the interfacial crystal structures between perovskites and nanomaterials have always been ignored while large mismatches can result in a significant number of defects within solar cells. In this work, cubic PbS nanosheets with (200) preferred crystal planes are synthesized through anisotropy growth. Based on the similar crystal structure between cubic PbS (200) and cubic‐phase formamidinium lead triiodide (α‐FAPbI3) (200), a nanoepitaxial PbS nanosheets‐FAPbI3 heterostructure with low defect density is observed. Attribute to the epitaxial growth, PbS nanosheets‐FAPbI3 hybrid polycrystalline films show decreased defects and better crystallization. Optimized perovskite solar cells perform both improved efficiency and stability, retaining 90% of initial photovoltaic conversion efficiency after being stored at 20 °C and 20% RH for 2500 h. Notably, the significantly improved stability is ascribed to the interfacial compression strain and chemical bonding between (200) planes of PbS nanosheets and α‐FAPbI3 (200). This study provides insight into high‐performance perovskite solar cells achieved by manipulating nanomaterial surfaces.
Organic Solar Cells with Over 19% Efficiency Enabled by a 2D‐Conjugated Non‐Fullerene Acceptor Featuring Favorable Electronic and Aggregation Structures
Authors: Liu Kerui , Jiang Yuanyuan , Liu Feng , Ran Guangliu , Huang Fei , Wang Wenxuan , Zhang Wenkai , Zhang Cheng , Hou Jianhui , Zhu Xiaozhang
Published: May 2023

The π‐expansion of non‐fullerene acceptors is a promising method for boosting the organic photovoltaic performance by allowing the fine‐tuning of electronic structures and molecular packing. In this work, highly efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) are fabricated using a 2D π‐expansion strategy to design new non‐fullerene acceptors. Compared with the quinoxaline‐fused cores of AQx‐16, the π‐expanded phenazine‐fused cores of AQx‐18 induce more ordered and compact packing between adjacent molecules, affording an optimized morphology with rational phase separation in the blend film. This facilitates efficient exciton dissociation and inhibited charge recombination. Consequently, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.2% with simultaneously increasing Voc, Jsc, and fill factor is achieved in the AQx‐18‐based binary OSCs. Significantly, AQx‐18‐based ternary devices fabricated via a two‐in‐one alloy acceptor strategy exhibit a superior PCE of 19.1%, one of the highest values ever reported for OSCs, along with a high Voc of 0.928 V. These results indicate the importance of the 2D π‐expansion strategy for the delicate regulation of the electronic structures and crystalline behaviors of the non‐fullerene acceptors to achieve superior photovoltaic performance, aimed at significantly promoting further development of OSCs.
In Situ Activation of Snap‐Through Instability in Multi‐Response Metamaterials through Multistable Topological Transformation
Authors: Wu Lei , Pasini Damiano
Published: May 2023

Snap‐through instability has been widely leveraged in metamaterials to attain non‐monotonic responses for a specific subset of applications where conventional monotonic materials fail to perform. In the remaining more plentiful set of ordinary applications, snap‐through instability is harmful, and current snapping metamaterials become inadequate because their capacity to snap cannot be suppressed post‐fabrication. Here, a class of topology‐transformable metamaterials is introduced to enable in situ activation and deactivation of the snapping capacity, providing a remarkable level of versatility in switching between responses from monotonic to monostable and bistable snap‐through. Theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and experiments are combined to unveil the role played by contact in the topological transformation capable of increasing the geometry incompatibility and confinement stiffness of selected architectural members. The strategy here presented for post‐fabrication reprogrammability of matter and on‐the‐fly response switching paves the way to multifunctionality for application in multiple sectors from mechanical logic gates, and adjustable energy dissipators, to in situ adaptable sport equipment.
Boosting the Photoluminescence Efficiency of InAs Nanocrystals Synthesized with Aminoarsine via a ZnSe Thick‐Shell Overgrowth
Authors: Zhu Dongxu , Bahmani Jalali Houman , Saleh Gabriele , Di Stasio Francesco , Prato Mirko , Polykarpou Nefeli , Othonos Andreas , Christodoulou Sotirios , Ivanov Yurii P. , Divitini Giorgio , Infante Ivan , De Trizio Luca , Manna Liberato
Published: May 2023

InAs‐based nanocrystals can enable restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS) compliant optoelectronic devices, but their photoluminescence efficiency needs improvement. We report an optimized synthesis of InAs@ZnSe core@shell nanocrystals allowing to tune the ZnSe shell thickness up to seven mono‐layers (ML) and to boost the emission, reaching a quantum yield of ≈70% at ≈900 nm. It is demonstrated that a high quantum yield can be attained when the shell thickness is at least ≈3ML. Notably, the photoluminescence lifetimeshows only a minor variation as a function of shell thickness, whereas the Auger recombination time (a limiting aspect in technological applications when fast) slows down from 11 to 38 ps when increasing the shell thickness from 1.5 to 7MLs. Chemical and structural analyses evidence that InAs@ZnSe nanocrystals do not exhibit any strain at the core‐shell interface, likely due to the formation of an InZnSe interlayer. This is supported by atomistic modeling, which indicates the interlayer as being composed of In, Zn, Se and cation vacancies, alike to the In2ZnSe4 crystal structure. The simulations reveal an electronic structure consistent with that of type‐I heterostructures, in which localized trap states can be passivated by a thick shell (>3ML) and excitons are confined in the core.
A Model of Using the Asymmetric Polydopamine Thin Film for Mimicking Epithelial Folding In Vitro
Authors: Nie Yan , Liu Yue , Xu Xun , Wang Weiwei , Scharnagl Nico , Heuchel Matthias , Lendlein Andreas , Ma Nan
Published: May 2023

The basement membrane (BM) is a biointeractive ultrathin network with distinct composition and organization of its epithelial and stromal sides, which render BMs with asymmetric biofunctions and mechanical properties. There are difficulties in the recapitulation of the highly hierarchical structure and function of BM. Here, the interfacial assembly method for the generation of BM mimics is applied. Dopamine is the starting material for the polymerization and assembly of polydopamine (PDA) into asymmetric materials. Compared to the PDA coating formed at the solid/liquid interface (≈20 nm), the PDA film formed at the air/liquid interface displays a thickness of ≈100 nm. Moreover, it possesses an asymmetric surface topography and an apparent Young's modulus of ≈1.0 MPa, which is structurally and mechanically similar to natural BMs. Of interest, the airside and the waterside of the PDA film exhibit differences in their adhesion affinity to the human skin keratinocytes. With stronger active mechanical processes between living cells and the waterside of PDA film, epithelial folding could be mimicked. Together, the PDA film is able to recapitulate the structural and mechanical complexity of natural BMs, indicating the prospective future of using PDA films for in vitro modeling cell‐BM interaction and tissue formation.
Advances of Mode‐Locking Fiber Lasers in Neural Imaging
Authors: Fan Sijie , Wang Shuke , Yang Changxi , Wise Frank , Kong Lingjie
Published: May 2023

Nonlinear optical microscopy (NOM) has been widely adopted in neural imaging in vivo for its advantages in deep penetration, three‐dimensional resolution, and low phototoxicity, etc. However, it relies on femtosecond laser sources for signal excitation, which are complex and bulky for conventional solid‐state ultrafast lasers. Alternatively, the development of mode‐locking fiber lasers has successfully promoted their applications in biomedical imaging. This paper focuses on the advances of mode‐locking fiber lasers in neural imaging, based on both multiphoton fluorescence microscopy and parametric NOM. Fiber laser oscillators are summarized for exciting two‐photon microscopy directly and fiber lasers based on nonlinear frequency shifting for exciting three‐photon microscopy. Besides, the applications of mode‐locking fiber lasers in parametric NOM are briefly introduced, including harmonic generation microscopy and coherent Raman microscopy. Moreover, the potentials of mode‐locking fiber lasers are highlighted in two‐photon optogenetics for neural modulation. With the emerging of novel high‐energy fiber lasers, their widespread applications are expected in the study of neuroscience.
Flexible Microcomb Printed PbS Quantum Dot Film Enables Scalable Fabrication of Near Infrared Photodetector
Authors: Wu Dan , Du Gengxin , Liu Haochen , Chen Wei , Li Xin , Wang Zhibei , Tang Haodong , Liu Bingyang , Liu Chenxi , Chen Yulong , Song Zhulu , Deng Weiwei , Yuan Hongyan , Wang Kai , Zhao Xinyan
Published: May 2023

Colloidal PbS quantum dots (QDs) have attracted tremendous attention in near‐infrared photodetection for their superior optoelectronic properties. However, appropriate fabrication methods remain a challenge for scalable and high performance PbS QD photodetectors. Herein, a flexible microcomb printing (FMCP) technique is first introduced to fabricate PbS QD photoconductors without a layer‐by‐layer ligand exchange technique, and the detectors demonstrate a responsivity of 2.1 A W−1. A computational fluid dynamics model is built to simulate the flow field distribution and analyze the relationship between the key parameters of FMCP and QD film morphology. The QD ink flow field at the tip of the microcomb exhibits high shear rates that lead to a better crystallization configuration for solid QD films formation, which is verified by Grazing‐incidence small and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. Moreover, the relationship between the intrinsic nature of the QD ink (viscosity and surface tension), substrate temperature, and printing speed are systematically analyzed to experimentally achieve high performance QD films. Benefiting from the good crystallization configuration, FMCP‐printed photodetectors using the direct PbS QD ink without ligand exchange show high responsivities. The results indicate that FMCP is a promising method for scalable and high‐performance PbS QD photodetectors.
Magnetic Weyl Semimetal in BaCrSe2 with Long‐Distance Distribution of Weyl Points
Authors: Sun Wenli , Li Bingyang , Zou Xiaorong , Li Runhan , Huang Baibiao , Dai Ying , Niu Chengwang
Published: May 2023

Weyl semimetals (WSMs) have attracted great attentions that provide intriguing platforms for exploring fundamental physical phenomena and future topotronics applications. Despite the fact that numerous WSMs are achieved, WSMs with long‐distance distribution of Weyl points (WPs) in given material candidates remain elusive. Here, the emergence of intrinsic ferromagnetic WSMs in BaCrSe2 with the nontrivial nature explicitly confirmed by the Chern number and Fermi arc surface states analysis is theoretically demonstrated. Remarkably, unlike previous WSMs for which opposite chirality WPs are located very close to each other, the WPs of BaCrSe2 host a long‐distance distribution, as much as half of the reciprocal space vector, suggesting that the WPs are highly robust and difficult to be annihilated by perturbations. The presented results not only advance the general understanding of magnetic WSMs but also put forward potential applications in topotronics.
Soft Mechanical Metamaterials with Transformable Topology Protected by Stress Caching
Authors: Jolly Jason Christopher , Jin Binjie , Jin Lishuai , Lee YoungJoo , Xie Tao , Gonella Stefano , Sun Kai , Mao Xiaoming , Yang Shu
Published: May 2023

Maxwell lattices possess distinct topological states that feature mechanically polarized edge behaviors and asymmetric dynamic responses protected by the topology of their phonon bands. Until now, demonstrations of non‐trivial topological behaviors from Maxwell lattices have been limited to fixed configurations or have achieved reconfigurability using mechanical linkages. Here, a monolithic transformable topological mechanical metamaterial is introduced in the form of a generalized kagome lattice made from a shape memory polymer (SMP). It is capable of reversibly exploring topologically distinct phases of the non‐trivial phase space via a kinematic strategy that converts sparse mechanical inputs at free edge pairs into a biaxial, global transformation that switches its topological state. All configurations are stable in the absence of confinement or a continuous mechanical input. Its topologically‐protected, polarized mechanical edge stiffness is robust against broken hinges or conformational defects. More importantly, it shows that the phase transition of SMPs that modulate chain mobility, can effectively shield a dynamic metamaterial's topological response from its own kinematic stress history, referred to as “stress caching”. This work provides a blueprint for monolithic transformable mechanical metamaterials with topological mechanical behavior that is robust against defects and disorder while circumventing their vulnerability to stored elastic energy, which will find applications in switchable acoustic diodes and tunable vibration dampers or isolators.