bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Belief Model Theory Approach to Analyze Pregnant Women's Ability to Prevent Anemia
Authors: Irawati Deasy , Madinah Ali , Wayanti Sri , Esyuananik Esyuananik
Published: July 2024

One of the nutritional problems that often occurs in pregnant women is anemia. The inability of pregnant women to prevent anemia needs to be predicted based on various factors using the Health Belief Model theory. The research aims to analyze the mother's ability to prevent pregnancy anemia using the theoretical approach of the Health Belief Model. The quantitative research method, with a cross-sectional approach, was carried out at the Arosbaya Bangkalan Community Health Center from May to August 2023. The sampling technique was determined using simple random sampling with a sample size of 101 respondents. Data analysis used the Chi-Square Test. Statistical test results perceived susceptibility (ρ=0.000), perceived severity (ρ=0.007), perceived benefits (ρ =0.000), perceived barrier (ρ=1.000) and self-efficacy (ρ=0.028). The research conclusion is that perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy influence the ability of pregnant women to prevent anemia. In contrast, perceived barriers do not affect the ability of pregnant women to prevent anemia.
Autogenic Relaxation with Audiomusic Instrumental Media on Pain Scale in Post Sectio Caesarea Patients
Authors: Aprina Aprina , Ningsih Ismi Dian Ayu
Published: July 2024

Injuries to the abdominal wall and uterus cause pain by severing nerve fibers and also by pressure on the joints. One method of pain management is autogenic relaxation therapy with instrumental audiomusic media. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of autogenic relaxation with instrumental audiomusic media on pain scales in postcesarean section patients at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province This study used a quantitative approach with a one group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. The time of the study was February-March 2023. The population in this study were post sectio caesarea patients. The sampling method in this study was to use accidental sampling technique and obtained a sample of 32 respondents. The instrument used to measure the pain scale uses a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and an observation sheet that records the pain scale before and after the procedure. Statistical tests used the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results of the study obtained an average decrease in pain scale from 7.28 to 6.21 before and after the intervention. So that a p value of 0.000 (p value
The Application of Al-Qahtani Method for Dental Age Estimation of Down Syndrome Children
Authors: Tridiyanti Frita Rahima , Apriyono Dwi Kartika , Barid Izzata
Published: July 2024

Dental age estimation is one of the methods in the forensic dental examination. Dental age estimates are often carried out to complete the victim's identity using methods from experts such as Al-Qahtani. There have been many studies related to estimating tooth age using the Al-Qahtani method in normal humans but not in human subjects with special needs, such as children with down syndrome. This study aims to determine the estimated dental age using the Al-Qahtani method in children with down syndrome and to differentiate between chronological age and dental age in children with down syndrome. This research is a cross-sectional study. The research subjects were 13 children with down syndrome who attended special schools in the Jember Regency and met the sample criteria. Tooth age estimation is done by matching the results of panoramic radiographs with the Al-Qahtani Atlas. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, Levene's Test, and paired sample T-Test. Estimating dental age using the Al-Qahtani method shows varying dental age values, and there is a delay in the dental age of boys compared to girls with down syndrome. The dental age of all research subjects was delayed from their chronological age. The dental age of children with Down syndrome estimated using the Al-Qahtani method shows an average value of 1 year 2.5 months, and there is a difference between dental age and chronological age with a difference of 1 year seven months. Therefore, adjustments need to be made if the Al-Qahtani method is applied to children with down syndrome.
Development of a Decubitus Risk Assessment Instrument using Website Media on The Incidence of Decubitus
Authors: Supriyanti Deni , Haryanto Joni , Sulistyaningsih Dwi Retno , Pairoh Hasanah
Published: July 2024

Decreased quality of service in the ICU occurs due to decubitus conditions, namely localized tissue damage due to pressure on soft tissue over bony prominence and pressure from outside for an extended period, so the importance of instruments with the Braden scale is used as an effort to prevent decubitus. This study aims to develop a decubitus risk assessment instrument based on Virginia Henderson's theory on a website that can be applied in the ICU to prevent decubitus. This research is descriptive research using the Delphi approach method, which consists of two stages: a literature study, FGD, expert consultation, content validity tests, readability tests, and website-based applications. In the second stage, researchers will conduct instrument experiments on ICU nurses at RSI Sultan Agung Semarang, with a sample of 50 ICU nurses. The results showed that the instrument has strong validity, so the manufacture of instruments can continue at the stage of making website applications. The results of the validity and reliability test of the instrument obtained 11 instruments that were declared feasible to use with valid and reliable values of 0.714>0.70. ICU nurses can use the Virginia Henderson theory-based decubitus instrument with a website to prevent decubitus.
Utilization for Non-Communicable Diseases Management in Southeast Asia
Authors: Kaulina Farah Luthfi , Sukihananto Sukihananto
Published: July 2024

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are still a morbidity and mortality problem in Southeast Asia. However, NCD in Southeast Asia still needs to be handled faster. WHO recommends the use of digital in treating NCDs in Southeast Asia. Therefore, this literature review study aims to describe how mHealth is utilized to overcome the problem of NCDs in Southeast Asian countries. The author collected articles using Google Scholar and Proquest, which were published in 2019-2023. The focus of the search was articles published in English-language Research Journals. Researchers used advanced search with the keywords NCD, Non-communicable diseases, mHealth, Mobile Health, Nursing, and Health Promotion. Keywords are combined using Boolean and/or the online database that the researcher chose. Articles that have been filtered are filtered again by selecting research locations in Southeast Asian countries. Ten articles obtained came from research in Southeast Asian countries Indonesia (n=4), Malaysia (n=1), Singapore (n=1), Vietnam (n=1), Thailand (1), Cambodia (n=1), Philippines (n=1). All articles discussed the use of mHealth for NCD management in their countries and aimed to determine the barriers (n=3), feasibility (n=1), effectiveness (n=2), impact (n=2), potential (n=1), perception (n=1), and perspective (n=1) of service providers, as well as the experience of using mHealth in remote areas (n=1). It can be concluded that mHealth can be used for independent screening for PTM, providing education about NCDs, and can be applied in rural areas as a comprehensive effort to handle NCDs.
Sleep Quality in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Aqilah Faiha Nurul , Pramukti Iqbal , Nugraha Bambang Aditya , Lukman Mamat , Harun Hasniatisari , Sithichoksakulchai Siriluk
Published: July 2024

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a viral infection that occurs in the human immune system and makes the body unable to fight infection because the virus can replicate itself. The physical and psychological problems experienced by HIV patients can change their sleep patterns and quality. Poor sleep quality will cause various health problems, including a decreased immune system. HIV patients have experienced a decrease in their immune system due to viral infection, so they need good quality sleep so as not to disrupt their condition and health status. This research was conducted to determine the quality of sleep of HIV patients at Sumedang Hospital. This research method is descriptive and quantitative, with 74 HIV patients taken using consecutive sampling techniques. The sleep quality assessment instrument uses the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Univariate analysis was used in this study to describe the distribution of frequencies and percentages of respondent characteristics and sleep quality. The results of this study showed that the majority of HIV patients experienced poor sleep quality (63.5%). Poor sleep quality that occurs in HIV patients is related to various factors such as psychological stress, disease, medication, age, and gender. From these findings, efforts, and interventions are needed for nurses or health service providers to improve the sleep quality of HIV patients.
The Relationship between House Conditions and the Household Contacts with the Incidence of Children's Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Nasution Rizqiani Astrid , Wardani Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis , Pramesona Bayu Anggileo , Saputra Oktadoni
Published: July 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) is a high risk in vulnerable groups with low immunity, such as children. Environmental factors and household contacts influence the high incidence of tuberculosis. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between housing conditions and the presence of household contacts with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in children. This study used a case-control design. This study used a case-control design at the Puskesmas Kedaton Bandar Lampung from December 2023 to January 2024. The total sample was 58 children (29 cases and 29 controls), selected using Simple Random Sampling. The variables of this study were residential density, humidity, lighting, floor type, ventilation area, and the presence of household contacts. This study used univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with chi-square, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression. This study shows that there is a relationship between lighting (p=0,008), ventilation area (p=0,032), and the presence of household contacts (p<0,001) with the incidence of pulmonary TB in children. The factor most associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB in children was lighting (OR=6.061; 95% CI=1.768-20.777), which means children with home lighting that doesn't meet the requirements have a 6.061 times higher risk of experiencing childhood pulmonary TB than those who meet the lighting requirements.
Implementation of Minimum Antenatal Care Service Standards in North Lampung Regency
Authors: Suarni Lisa , Kodri Kodri , Aliyanto Warjidin , Primadila Hasti , Wahyudi Fajar Desma
Published: July 2024

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in North Lampung is high. Coverage of antenatal care visits in 2021 (88.7%) has yet to reach the target (100%), even though the number of midwives and integrated health post (Posyandu) services increases every year. The Minimum Service Standard report also indicates that the budget for maternal care services is around 17% of the total budget allocation. This study aims to provide an overview of implementing the 10 Antenatal Care (ANC) services in North Lampung. The research design employs a quantitative method with a documentation study using Maternal and Child Health (MCH) books and questionnaires to measure midwives' knowledge in North Lampung. The sample size was determined using the open-source calculator SSPropor (OpenEpi, version 3), resulting in 595 collected samples for this study. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses. None (0%) of the pregnant women received all 10 ANC services. Almost all pregnant women (>90%) received blood pressure examinations, counseling, and referral services. Meanwhile, the ANC service received least frequently (<50%) was the provision of Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) tablets. There is a significant difference in the mean coverage based on the three clusters, and there is a weak relationship between Midwives' Knowledge and the implementation of 10 ANC services. Recommendations: There is a need for programs to comprehensively improve knowledge about ANC standards among health workers and volunteers. Discipline in recording needs to be enhanced. Further qualitative studies are needed to gain a broader perspective.
Exploring the significance of blended learning in a higher educational institution
Authors: Binodini Kar , Anirudha Jena
Published: July 2024

The study explores the significance of blended learning in higher education, particularly at Ravenshaw University in India. It aims to investigate the effectiveness of blended learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, its impact on the learning process, its suitability for large student groups, and the role of online resources. The study employs a purely qualitative approach and utilizes a descriptive survey design to understand the effectiveness of blended learning as perceived by postgraduate students of Ravenshaw University in their learning process. A sample of 40 students was purposively selected for this study. Data collection involved the use of an open-ended questionnaire, which was analyzed through thick description. The results highlight the adaptability and transformative potential of blended learning, particularly during crises, while also identifying challenges such as the need for basic technical knowledge. The study emphasizes the necessity for institutions to invest in infrastructure, address equity and accessibility concerns, and prioritize faculty development to effectively integrate blended learning into higher education. Embracing blended learning offers an opportunity to create a more inclusive, innovative, and resilient learning environment. However, sustained investment in infrastructure, resources, and professional development remains essential for its successful integration.
Biomechanics of the Spine: A case study on the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae
Authors: Neamah Iqbal ,   College of Physical Education and Sports Science for Girls, University of Baghdad, Iraq, Shbeeb Huda , Al-Shammary Ayad , Al-Nidaw Rand ,   College of Physical Education and Sports Science for Girls, University of Baghdad, Iraq,   College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq,   College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq
Published: July 2024

The spine’s lumbar and sacral regions are critical in load-bearing activities typical in daily life and sports, such as lifting and carrying heavy objects. These activities subject the spine to complex biomechanical forces—namely compression, tension, and shear—particularly impacting the lumbar vertebrae. Understanding these forces is crucial for developing preventive strategies against injuries and enhancing physical performance. This case study aims to elucidate the biomechanical dynamics at play in the lumbar and sacral vertebrae under various loading conditions to identify the causes of injuries and devise methods to minimize their occurrence through improved lifting techniques. The research employed advanced biomechanical analysis, including the use of the DWATBAK computer model, to measure spinal forces during physical activities. This case study focused on the impact of shear forces and the resultant stresses during weightlifting, integrating anthropometric measurements to determine safe and effective lifting postures Present findings highlight the necessity of maintaining the natural curvature of the lumbar spine to decrease injury risk. Carrying loads close to the body’s center was shown to significantly reduce spinal stress, particularly in the lower lumbar region. The case study delineated how specific postures could alleviate the risk of shearing forces that primarily affect the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae. Adopting correct lifting postures is imperative to prevent spinal injuries in the lumbar and sacral areas. The study emphasizes incorporating biomechanical insights into training regimes to improve safety and efficacy in activities involving heavy lifting.
Comparative Study of Reduced Parameter Versions of the Bees Algorithm for Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Hartono Natalia , Suluova Hamid Furkan , Eker Fatih Mehmet , Zeybek Sultan , Caterino Mario
Published: July 2024

Metaheuristics have shown dominance over exact methods with their capability to find near-optimal solutions to complex problems in a shorter time. Among these metaheuristics, the Bees Algorithm (BA) has proven its performance in various applications. However, fine-tuning the parameters of the BA is challenging due to its numerous parameters. There have been few studies aiming to reduce the number of parameters while maintaining or improving performance, such as the ternary BA, two-parameter BA, and Fibonacci BA. This paper reviews these variants for combinatorial problems using 13 datasets from the Travelling Salesman Problem TSPLIB. The results were compared using an independent t-test in conjunction with descriptive statistics. The findings show that the Fibonacci BA outperforms other variants, and potential suggestions for improvements in the future were proposed.
Analisis Mitigasi Risiko Kecelakaan Kerja Divisi AC pada Perusahaan Elektronik di Karawang dengan Menerapkan Metode HOR dan ISM
Authors: Wakhyudi Tri , Sayuti Muhamad , Karnadi Karnadi
Published: July 2024

Pada dasarnya, usaha suatu perusahaan atau badan usaha tidak dapat dipisahkan dari mengelola risiko. Perusahaan yang mengelola risikonya dengan baik akan memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap perspektif pelaku pasar. Dengan demikian manajemen risiko sangat berpengaruh dalam memajukan sebuah perusahaan. Penelitian kali ini dilakukan di departemen produksi divisi AC di PT Elektronik. Fokus penelitian ini pada bagian HE dan PIPING, lebih tepatnya di proses fin press. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis risiko pada proses fin press dengan metode House of Risk (HOR) dan mencari kriteria kunci mitigasi risiko pada proses fin press dengan metode ISM (interpretive structural modeling). Dari hasil analisis metode HOR yang divisualisasikan dengan diagram pareto didapat 10 sumber risiko (risk agent) yang dominan serta 14 tindakan pencegahan yang menjadi prioritas dan hasil dari analisis metode ISM didapatkan output 5 kriteria kunci yang paling berpengaruh, yang didapat berdasarkan level tertinggi. Lima (5) kriteria kunci yang didapat yaitu, E2, E5, E6, E8, E11.
Predictors of Digital Entrepreneurial Intention in Kuwait
Authors: Alzougool Basil
Published: July 2024

Aim/Purpose: This study aims to explore students’ digital entrepreneurial intention (DEI) in Kuwait. Speciﬁcally, the aim is twofold: (i) to identify and examine the factors influencing and predicting students’ DEI, and (ii) to validate a model of DEI.

Background: The advent of modern digital technologies has provided entrepreneurs with many opportunities to establish and expand their firms through online platforms. Although the existing literature on DEI has explored various factors, certain factors that could be linked to DEI have been neglected, and others have not been given sufficient attention. Nonetheless, there has been little research on students’ DEI, particularly in Kuwait.

Methodology: To fulfill the research’s aims, a study was conducted using a quantitative method (a survey of 305 students at a non-profit university in Kuwait).

Contribution: This study aimed to fill the research gap on the limited DEI research among Kuwait’s students. Several recommendations were suggested to improve the DEI among students in Kuwait.

Findings: The study identified five factors that could influence an individual’s intention to engage in digital entrepreneurship. These factors include self-perceived creativity, social media use, risk-taking and opportunity recognition, digital entrepreneurship knowledge, and entrepreneurial self-perceived confidence. Significant solid correlations were between all five identified factors and DEI. However, only self-perceived creativity and entrepreneurial self-perceived confidence were identified as significant positive predictors of DEI among undergraduates in Kuwait. Nevertheless, the main contributor to this intention was the students’ self-perceived confidence as entrepreneurs.

Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers should conduct further longitudinal studies to understand better the dynamic nature of DEI and execution.

Future Research: Additional research is required to utilize probability sampling approaches and increase the sample size for more generalizable findings.
The relationship between intervertebral disc pathologies and the use of digital devices and lack of physical activity in adolescents
Authors: Ozmaden Hantal Asli , Iptec Murat
Published: July 2024

Background/Aim: Existing research on herniated discs in adolescents primarily focuses on surgical interventions and outcomes, with fewer studies investigating the effectiveness of non-surgical therapies. The correlation between obesity, facet tropism, lumbosacral transitional vertebrae, trauma, certain sports activities, and herniated discs in adolescents is well-documented. Comparable to adults, a sedentary lifestyle in adolescents potentially carries a significant risk of developing disc degeneration and herniation. Consequently, this study aims to examine the relationship between increased digital device usage, decreased physical activity, and the onset of disc pathologies in adolescents.
Methods: The study group included 94 patients aged between 10 and 16 years diagnosed with cervical (CDH), thoracic (TDH), and lumbar (LDH) disc disease. For each participant, the individual daily usage time spent on desktop computers, tablets, laptops, and mobile phones and the total time spent on all digital devices were evaluated. Their level of physical activity was also assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF). The study eliminated causes such as listhesis, facet tropism, lumbosacral transitional vertebra, trauma, and sports injuries that could prompt the development of these spinal pathologies. Additionally, other conditions that might cause spinal pain, such as scoliosis, rheumatological diseases with spinal involvement, tumors, and myofascial pain, were also ruled out.
Results: The average age of all patients was 13.44 (2.07) years. A majority were women (n=55), comprising 58.50% of the sample. Of the patients, 60.64% had CDH, 12.77% had TDH, and 75.53% had LDH. The amount of physical activity and time spent on digital devices were similar across both genders (P=0.194 and P=0.770). A significant correlation was found between CDH and the time spent on tablets, laptops, and mobile phones (P<0.001). Again, a significant correlation was observed between LDH, usage of desktop computers, total time spent on all digital devices, and the IPAQ-SF score for low physical activity (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The prevalence and duration of digital device use among adolescents are increasing, while physical activity is decreasing. Our study indicates that this situation may be linked to the development of disc degeneration and hernias. Understanding this association can help reduce treatment and rehabilitation costs and prevent the potential loss of workability and quality of life resulting from a herniated disc. Consequently, additional comparative research on this topic is crucial.
Elastic constants of iron base sintered alloys after chemical heat treatment
Authors: Mincheva Desislava , Petrov Plamen , Dimitrov Diyan M.
Published: July 2024

In this paper is shown the effect of applied low-temperature gas nitrocarburizing on the elastic constants and mechanical properties of iron based sintered alloys. Low temperature gas nitrocarburizing (LTGNC) was carried out under laboratory conditions at T=550oC, and short saturation times of 15 and 30 min, respectively. The process was carried out in a laboratory shaft furnace with a volume of 2 dm3, in ammonia and carbon dioxide at an HN3/CO2=7.5/1 ratio. The elastic constants were determined using a standard dynamic methodology based on a pulse resonance method. Density and porosity of the samples were determined. A metallographic analysis of the microstructure after sintering and after chemical heat treatment was carried out.
Combination of factors influencing the antibacterial activity of oregan extracts as future additives for compost decontamination
Authors: Konsulova -Bakalova Mariya , Naskova Pavlina , Malchevа Boyka , Dimitrov Dragomir Plamenov , Panayotova Plamena Yankova
Published: July 2024

Raw materials of plant origin can serve as an inexhaustible source of biologically active sub-stances, which in turn are used in various fields of medicine, especially in treatment of diseases that require an integrated approach. One of the contemporary trends is the search for herbal medicines that have a certain antimicrobial activity. The objects of our study were extracts and oils obtained from different plant fractions of oregano (roots, leaves, stems, whole plant) and using different solvents (water, ethanol, vinegar, wine, olive oil), grown in a vegetation cage and under greenhouse conditions. It was also determined that the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli to the same plant fractions. The studied oregano extracts can be used for compost decontamination and other substrates in which Escherichia coli is found. For defining dependencies and trends among the experimental data were used mathematical statistics tools.
Development and Validation of a Finite Element Model for Bird Strike Test
Authors: Tung Tran Thanh , Anh Nguyen Thi
Published: July 2024

A bird strike describes a collision between an aircraft and a bird or a group of birds. A bird strike refers to any collision between a moving vehicle and a fly creatures. Bird strike are studied through experiments or simulations. The testing method produces reliable results, close to reali-ty. However, these practical experiments are expensive and time-consuming. This study performs numerical simulation of bird strike phenomenon using SPH technique. This article presents how to build a bird strike model on LS-DYNA software. The results of the simulation were compared with experiments, demonstrating that the numerical method is a reasonable approach to examine bird strike problems.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif
Authors: Azmi Syahrul Azmi , Junaidi Junaidi , Sripatmi Sripatmi , Wahidaturrahmi Wahidaturrahmi
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis website classpoint yang layak dan praktis digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan menggunakan model 4D, yaitu Define (pendefinisian), Design (pendesainan), Development (Pengembangan) dan Disseminate (penyebarluasan). Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini didasarkan pada hasil validasi Instrumen yang dilakukan oleh pakar, serta dari guru untuk menilai tingkat kepraktisan media. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mencakup Instrumen penilaian produk, meliputi aspek valid (layak) dan praktis. Media yang dikembangkan berupa media pembelajaran powerpoint yang terintegrasi dengan classpoint yang dapat dijalankan secara online dengan suatu kode tertentu. Hasil pengembangan media didapatkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis classpoint yang valid (layak) dengan skor validasi 0,9 dan praktis dengan persentase 90,8%.
O IMPACTO DA MAMOPLASTIA NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DOS PACIENTES: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Moreira Jean Felipe dos Santos , Oliveira Lilian do Nascimento , Freitas Andressa Azevedo Gomes De , Vettorazzi Kaoê Felipe
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A mamoplastia é um termo que abrange qualquer cirurgia plástica destinada a alterar o volume ou o formato das mamas para torná-las harmoniosas e proporcionais ao corpo, conforme a Sociedad
Esophageal cancer is common among men in Brazil
Authors: Santos Williane Thamires dos , Correia Letícia Fonseca Cavalcante
Published: July 2024

O câncer de esôfago é comum entre homens no Brasil, em especial o carcinoma
de células escamosas. O etilismo e o tabagismo são fatores de risco
associados. Outros fatores incluem síndrome de Barret, nitrosaminas, acalasia,
síndrome de Plummer-Vinson e Helicobacter pylori. O diagnóstico tardio
e o tipo histológico contribuem para o aumento da agressividade e reduzem
a sobrevida dos pacientes. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar
a incidência e os fatores de risco do câncer de esôfago no Brasil para estratégias
preventivas e terapêuticas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com
dados do DATASUS e do IBGE de 2019. Foram analisadas internações por
câncer de esôfago de 2008 a 2021 em estados brasileiros, e coletados dados
sobre o consumo de álcool e tabaco por regiões. As análises estatísticas incluíram
taxas estimadas, regressão linear e diagramas de dispersão. Foram
consideradas 219.579 internações por câncer esofágico. Foi observado um
aumento na incidência após 40 anos, com pico entre 50 e 69 anos. Detectamos
um maior número de casos nos indivíduos brancos, seguidos pelos pardos,
pretos, amarelos e indígenas. Ademais, foi identificado mais internações
de pessoas do sexo masculino. O Sudeste obteve mais internações, seguido
pelo Sul, Nordeste, Centro-Oeste e Norte. O Rio Grande do Sul registrou a
maior taxa, já o Pará registrou a menor. Conclui-se que no presente estudo
ficou evidente como fatores de risco o tabaco e o álcool, sendo, portanto, essencial
e urgente um maior controle desses hábitos para a prevenção dessa
doença. É fundamental a compreensão de fatores demográficos e regionais
para auxiliar na realização de programas de detecção precoce e consequente
adoção de tratamentos eficazes. Além disso, políticas de saúde regionais
pautadas na mudança de hábitos são imprescindíveis para reduzir a incidência
e melhorar os desfechos do câncer de esôfago.
How could we prevent cancer patients desire to die? The maintenance of the meaning os life through protective factors
Authors: Francisco Fúvia Kemily da Silva , Trevizan Fulvio Bergamo , Betussi Vitória Aparecida
Published: July 2024

Esophageal cancer is common among men in
Brazil, especially the squamous cell carcinoma
kind. Alcoholism and smoking are associated risk
factors. Other factors include Barrett's syndrome,
nitrosamines, achalasia, Plummer-Vinson syndrome,
and Helicobacter pylori. Late diagnosis and
histological type contribute to increased aggressiveness
and reduce patient survival. The present
work aimed to study the incidence and risk factors
of esophageal cancer in Brazil for preventive and
therapeutic strategies. This is a cross-sectional study with data from DATASUS and IBGE from 2019. Hospitalizations
for esophageal cancer were analyzed
from 2008 to 2021 in Brazilian states, and data on
alcohol and tobacco consumption by region was
collected. Statistical analyses included estimated
rates, linear regression, and scatter plots. 219,579
hospitalizations for esophageal cancer were considered.
An increase in incidence was observed
after 40 years, with a peak between 50 and 69
years. We detected a greater number of cases in
white individuals, followed by brown, black, yellow,
and indigenous people. Furthermore, more hospitalizations of men were identified. The Southeast
region had the most hospitalizations, followed by
the South,, Northeast, Central-West, and North regions.
Rio Grande do Sul recorded the highest rate,
while Pará recorded the lowest. It is concluded that
in the present study, tobacco and alcohol were evident
as risk factors, therefore, greater control of
these habits is essential and urgent to prevent this
disease. Understanding demographic and regional
factors is essential to help carry out early detection
programs and the consequent adoption of
effective treatments. Furthermore, regional health
policies based on changing habits are essential to
reduce the incidence and improve outcomes
Brain metastassis from lung carcinome
Authors: Sampaio Filho Herman Carlos , Santánna Junnia Cardoso dos Santos
Published: July 2024

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide.
Brain metastasis is a common person in patients with advanced lung cancer,
which can affect the quality of life and survival of patients. This condition may
be asymptomatic at first, but eventually it can cause symptoms such as headache, vision changes, balance and cognition problems. Treatment requires an individualized
approach with multidisciplinary strategies with the main objective
of controlling both the primary tumor in the lung and the air metastases, to
provide the best possible clinical outcome for patients. Therapeutic options
may include a combination of modalities such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy,
molecular therapy, and immunotherapy. Molecular therapy and
immunotherapy have flourished as promising options for patients with lung
cancer with brain metastases, being thought of in conjunction with other
treatment modalities to maximize clinical outcomes. The following report addresses a 66-year-old patient who presented with progressive hemiparesis
in the left side of the body. Examinations revealed an expanding right frontal
lesion with edema. Surgery was performed to remove the intracranial tumor,
with satisfactory evolution. Histopathological examination indicated metastatic
adenocarcinoma of pulmonary origin. After initiation of chemotherapy,
drug-induced hepatitis developed due to phenytoin intoxication, but recovered after drug withdrawal. He is currently undergoing ongoing treatment for lung
cancer and is being followed up on an outpatient basis.
The Role os Acupunture in the Mannagement os Nausea and Vomiting After Chemotherapy
Authors: Misikami Beatriz Yoshioka , Silva Camila Requia
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Acupuncture is a technique of Traditional Chinese Medicine
in which needling stimulates body points, promoting therapeutic effects and
energetic balance of organs and viscera. Disruption of the natural flow of
stomach descent force and rising Qi can cause nausea and vomiting (N/V),
the main side effects of chemotherapy, related to reduced adherence and
prolonged treatment. Objective: To conduct a literature review on the role of
acupuncture in the management of nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy. Methodology: Articles (randomized blinded clinical trials, systematic reviews
with meta-analysis, integrative literature reviews, therapeutic manuals, epidemiological
databases) were searched on PubMed between 2012 and 2022.
Exclusion criteria were outdated articles and/or those focused on a specific patient
profile or neoplastic pathology. Result and discussion: In case of high-
risk therapies, nausea and vomiting are hardly treatable with conventional
antiemetics. When acupuncture was compared to ondansetron, there was a
more significant response in the acupuncture group (52.8%) than in the ondansetron
group (35.7%). There was a significant decrease in the frequency
of N/V between the first and second chemotherapy cycles (P < 0.0358) and
in their intensity (P < 0.0087) between the control group and patients who
received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy at acupuncture
point PC6. Conclusion: Acupuncture can be used as an alternative
and complementary treatment, especially for patients who do not tolerate
the side effects of conventional antiemetics. However, the literature is still
controversial due to the small number of available studies and/or small sample
Resolução de Problemas
Authors: Pimentel Ana Beatriz , Lobo Leonardo , Silveira Pollyana , Faro André
Published: July 2024

Cartilha explica sobre o que é um problema, qual a relação dos problemas com a saúde mental e como se dá o funcionamento da resolução de problemas na prática.
Desigualdade social
Authors: Lopes Eliane Pereira
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como finalidade refletir sobre as desigualdades sociais existem no mundo. Segundo pesquisas feitas por alguns renomados pesquisadores, somente oito homens possuem a maior riqueza do mundo, observando-se a riqueza que pouco mais de 3.6 bilhões de pessoas, que compõem a metade mais pobre da humanidade, sendo que os 50% mais pobres da população mundial sobrevivem com menos de 0,25% da riqueza global. Situação está que tem se agravado com a atual pandemia do Coronavírus. Aproximadamente 27 bilhões de pessoas vivem abaixo da linha da pobreza no Brasil. É notório que as desigualdades ainda existem devido à má distribuição de renda entre a população, principalmente aquelas de cor negras e/ou estrangeiras, e também o racismo e o preconceito que as mesmas sofrem muitas das vezes por não ter estudos não conseguem empregos para ter uma vida mais digna, ou então estudar em instituição pública ou privada sem sofrer nenhum dano por sua cor, raça ou por estar acima do peso. Para elaboração deste artigo, buscou-se uma fundamentação teórica considerando as contribuições de autores como Katia Maia, Thomas Pikett, entre outros, procurando analisar a necessidade de implantação de projetos que visem a erradicação das desigualdades sociais existentes no mundo.
Sheltering hope: A case study on the urgent need for care and support for homeless people in Nepalese society
Authors: Shivaraj Parajuli  , Ramesh Kumar Rawat
Published: July 2024

Homeless means person with no home to his/ her own living support by others. Worldwide, we can see many homeless people living in the street, by the mercy of development institutions, relatives, and through care centers. In context of Nepal, homeless people are raising day-by-day reasoning many social and cultural factors. This study has been designed to analysis the situation of homeless people in Nepal. A data obtained from the pilot field study during an execution of Ph.D. dissertation program tried to highlight the situations of homeless people in the study area of Makwanpur district, Hetauda city within Bagmati Province. Both a qualitative and quantitative research methods were applied in this study and try to reflect the situation analysis for the homeless peoples. The collected data further illustrate that the homeless people are caused due to the social, cultural, and psychological reason as stated by the surveyed respondents. The study data also highlights that all respondents are residing under the care center which is taking care and providing best to survive and make them able to perform best in the society. However, many challenges arouse to run the center among which funding constrains is the major and lack of interest of the development agencies are the ongoing challenges in the present-past conditions. The study concluded as the homeless are burning issues in the Nepalese society are raising the number of challenges and all types of supports are required to manage the challenges in the coming days. A long-term policy strategy is the need of the study are, however a comprehensive survey is advised.
MRI changes of the pituitary gland and brain in Thalassemia major: A comprehensive review of clinical implications
Authors: Ashraf Soliman  , ElSaid MA Bedair  , Abbas N Moustafa  , Fawzia Alyafei  , Nada Alaaraj  , Noor Hamed  , Shayma Ahmed  , Ahmed Adel Khalil  , Abdelrahman Elsaid Bedair
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Thalassemia major is a genetic disorder characterized by chronic anemia requiring frequent blood transfusions, leading to iron overload in various organs, including the pituitary gland and brain. MRI is a pivotal tool in assessing the extent of iron deposition and its clinical consequences in these patients. Objective: To summarize the MRI findings related to pituitary and brain changes in thalassemia major and to elucidate their clinical implications based on existing literature. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies that employed MRI to investigate pituitary and brain changes in patients with thalassemia major. Data extracted from these studies included the number of patients, MRI findings, and associated clinical outcomes. Results: The review included studies published between 1998 and 2022. Key findings are as follows: Pituitary Gland Changes: Multiple studies reported reduced pituitary gland volume and signal intensity, correlating with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and delayed puberty. Specific MRI metrics such as pituitary-to-fat signal intensity ratios (SIRs) and pituitary-R2 values were elevated in patients with HH, indicating significant iron overload. Brain Changes: Increased brain T2* values indicative of iron overload was observed. Clinical Associations: The MRI findings were consistently associated with various endocrinal abnormalities, including hypogonadism, short stature, delayed puberty, and growth hormone deficiency. Severe pituitary iron deposition and volume loss were predictive of hypogonadism. Specific studies highlighted the independent progression of iron overload in different organs, emphasizing the importance of organ-specific MRI evaluation. Additional Findings: Notably, iron chelation therapy showed potential benefits in reversing some of the endocrinal and cardiac complications associated with iron overload. Discussion and Conclusions: MRI is a valuable diagnostic tool for detecting iron overload in the pituitary gland and brain in thalassemia major patients. The findings from various studies highlight significant clinical implications, including hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, delayed puberty, and growth hormone deficiency. Regular MRI assessments, along with appropriate chelation therapy, are crucial in managing and mitigating these complications. Further research is needed to establish standardized MRI protocols and improve early diagnosis and treatment outcomes in thalassemia major.
Artificial intelligence and electrocardiography: A modern approach to heart rate monitoring
Authors: Joseph Nnaemeka Chukwunweike  , Samakinwa Michael  , Martin Ifeanyi Mbamalu MNSE  , Chinonso Emeh
Published: July 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Electrocardiography (ECG) and Photoplethysmography (PPG) signifies AI's profound influence on heart rate monitoring and analysis. ECG traditionally offers critical insights into cardiac health, necessitating expert interpretation. This study introduces an AI framework with Fast Fourier Transformation Analysis for swift, human-like interpretation of complex ECG signals. A multilayer AI Network accurately detects intricate features, enhancing ECG analysis precision. Leveraging comprehensive datasets, AI models proficiently identify heart dysfunctions like atrial fibrillation and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and can estimate age, sex, and race. The proliferation of mobile ECG technologies has spurred AI-based ECG phenotyping, impacting clinical and population health. This research explores AI's role in enhancing cardiac health assessment and clinical decision-making using MATLAB, acknowledging its transformative potential and inherent limitations.
Do educators get it? Examining understanding of compulsory civic education for learners in Zambian secondary schools
Authors: Dingase E. Mtonga  , Oliver Magasu
Published: July 2024

This study explores educators' understanding of the rationale for Civic Education to be taught as a compulsory subject to learners in secondary schools in Zambia, as enshrined in the national policy on education. The study was conducted in all secondary schools of Kabwe district, guided by the Advocacy Coalition Framework Theory (ACF). Using a mixed-method approach within a pragmatic research paradigm, data were collected from 239 participants. Quantitative insights were derived from 215 respondents across 32 selected schools, including head teachers, heads of Social Science departments, heads of Civic Education sections, and Civic Education teachers who completed an online questionnaire. Qualitative data involved interviews with 24 educators and 2 Ministry of Education officials, supplemented by document analysis of national policy and curriculum frameworks. Findings underscore a robust awareness among educators of Civic Education's role in fostering informed citizenship and preparing learners for democratic engagement, focusing on four themes: (1) cultivating informed learners, (2) promoting good citizenship and social cohesion, (3) preparing learners for political engagement, and (4) enhancing critical thinking skills. Additionally, findings may inform policy and practice. Recommendations include enhancing professional development through targeted training programs, ensuring curriculum alignment with national policy frameworks, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration among departments, and establishing mechanisms for ongoing program evaluation to ensure effectiveness and continuous improvement. These recommendations aim to strengthen compulsory Civic Education implementation in Kabwe District, Zambia, fostering a knowledgeable and engaged citizenry capable of contributing positively to society.
A não Obrigatoriedade do Ensino dos Números Complexos na Educação Básica: reflexões e posicionamento de futuros professores de Matemática
Authors: Vital Fernanda
Published: July 2024

Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados obtidos de uma pesquisa realizada com futuros professores matriculados em uma disciplina do Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins. Na referida disciplina, um dos conteúdos previstos é Números Complexos. A pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, consistiu em obter  um posicionamento dos futuros professores a respeito da concordância com a não obrigatoriedade do ensino dos Números Complexos na Educação Básica, conforme os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular. O posicionamento foi motivado pela leitura de documentos sobre os Números Complexos na Educação Básica, na reflexão pessoal sobre a abordagem dos Números Complexos durante a Educação Básica e no levantamento de aplicações dos Números Complexos na prática. Pelos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que a maioria dos futuros professores de Matemática são a favor da abordagem dos Números Complexos na Educação Básica e sugerem a importância de que tal abordagem seja efetuada com o apoio da história da matemática, de jogos, aplicações e/ou softwares.
O Estudo de Frações no 6º Ano do Ensino Fundamental a Partir da Metodologia da Sala de Aula Invertida
Authors: Martins Taiza Rubiane Silva , Groenwald Claudia Lisete Oliveira
Published: July 2024

Apresenta-se a metodologia Sala de Aula Invertida (SAI) com a temática Frações, desenvolvida com estudantes do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola da cidade de Manaus, Amazonas.  A pergunta de pesquisa foi: Como desenvolver uma Sala de Aula Invertida (SAI) para o estudo de frações, para o 6º ano do EF, de forma que os estudantes sejam protagonistas da aprendizagem com essa temática? O objetivo geral foi investigar a implementação (desenvolver, aplicar e avaliar) da metodologia SAI no estudo de frações no 6º ano do EF em uma escola estadual do município de Manaus/AM, de forma que os estudantes fossem protagonistas da própria aprendizagem e o professor atuasse como um mediador do processo de aprendizagem. A pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativo do tipo estudo de caso. Os resultados apontam que o desenvolvimento da SAI possibilitou que os alunos invertessem o tradicionalmente realizado nas aulas de Matemática, pois desenvolviam em horário extraclasse as videoaulas e em sala de aula, em grupos, realizavam as atividades com a mediação da professores/pesquisadora. As principais dificuldades foram: Falta internet para acessar as videoaulas; distrações ocasionadas por estarem utilizando um aparelho eletrônico com inúmeros aplicativos de entretenimento; explicações e intervenções extras que não constavam no planejamento e alguns estudantes dispersos nas aulas interativas, onde demandavam mais tempo para os desenvolvimentos das aulas.