bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of the educational and methodological manual on the formation of metaphorical competence among foreigners (medical and biological profile)
Authors: Брускова Р.Э.
Published: December 2022

Cтатья посвящена особенностям преподавания русского языка как иностранного в медицинском вузе. Статья предназначена для преподавателей русского языка как иностранного в нефилологических вузах, а также иностранных студентов медицинских вузов, желающих самостоятельно заниматься совершенствованием своей речи. Автор представляет своё учебно-методическое пособие по русскому языку для иностранных учащихся медицинских вузов и обращает внимание на необходимость формирования метафорической компетенции инофонов на продвинутом этапе обучения. В статье приводится структура пособия и даны примеры заданий. Обозреваемое в статье пособие прошло необходимую апробацию, а методика по формированию метафорической компетенции медиков-инофонов имеет научные подтверждения, полученные в ходе педагогического эксперимента, проведенного автором в трех экспериментальных группах.

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of teaching Russian as a foreign language in a medical university. The article is intended for teachers of Russian as a foreign language in non-philological universities, as well as foreign students of medical universities who want to independently improve their speech. The author presents his educational and methodological manual on the Russian language for foreign students of medical universities and draws attention to the need to form the metaphorical competence of foreign speakers at an advanced stage of education. The article provides the structure of the manual and gives examples of tasks. The manual reviewed in the article has passed the necessary approbation, and the methodology for the formation of the metaphorical competence of medical foreigners has scientific evidence obtained in the course of a pedagogical experiment conducted by the author in three experimental groups.
Inclusive education principles in teaching foreign languages to students of non-linguistic universities and adults with special educational needs
Authors: Ахметшина Л.В.
Published: December 2022

Актуальность статьи обусловлена текущей ситуацией с преподаванием английского языка студентам неязыковых вузов с особыми образовательными потребностями. Цель данной статьи выявить проблемы и дилеммы, возникающие при преподавании иностранного языка студентам неязыковых вузов в условиях инклюзивного образования. С одной стороны, представлено качественное исследование опыта преподавания студентам с некоторыми типами инвалидности. Выводы этого исследования проливают свет на выявленные трудности и стратегии, применяемые для преподавания английского языка. С другой стороны, рассматриваются ресурсы, наиболее часто используемые в области виртуального обучения для повышения и совершенствования навыков этих студентов. Наконец, авторами предложено использовать виртуальную среду для обучения, в которую включены принципы универсального дизайна, чтобы облегчить доступ к изучению английского языка как второго языка для студентов с особыми образовательными потребностями.

The relevance of the article is caused due to the current situation with the teaching of English to students of non-linguistic universities with special educational needs. The purpose of this article is to identify the problems and dilemmas that arise while teaching a foreign language to students of non-linguistic universities in an inclusive education. On the one hand, a qualitative study on teaching experience with adult students with certain types of disabilities is presented. The conclusions of this study shed light on the difficulties identified and the strategies used to teach English. On the other hand, we consider the resources most commonly used in the field of virtual learning to enhance and improve the skills of these students. Finally, the authors propose to use a Virtual Learning Environment, which includes the principles of universal design, in order to facilitate access to learning English as a second language for adult students with special educational needs.
Experience in the development and implementation of the content of the disciplines of the subject area «Foundations of the Spiritual and Moral Culture of the Peoples of Russia» in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Бенин В.Л. , Рябова С.В.
Published: December 2022

Актуальность исследования обусловлена проблемой разработки содержания предметной области «Основы духовно-нравственной культуры народов России» на уровне основного общего образования с учетом этнокультурных особенностей региона. Цель статьи заключается в изучении существующих авторских концепций и учебных программ по дисциплинам указанной предметной области в Республике Башкортостан. На основе анализа реализации разработанных программ в практике преподавания учебных заведений региона, авторами классифицированы три модели формирования содержания предметной области – на основе федеральных учебно-методических комплексов, сочетание федерального УМК и авторской учебной программы, преподавание дисциплины с этнокультурным содержанием по авторской программе с учетом особенностей Республики Башкортостан. Предлагаются способы решения существующих проблем в реализации предметной области ОДНКНР. Статья предназначена для теоретиков и практиков преподавания дисциплин предметной области ОДНКНР в общеобразовательной школе любого поликультурного и поликонфессионального региона России.

The relevance of the research is caused due to the problem of developing the content of the subject area «Foundations of the spiritual and moral culture of the peoples of Russia» at the level of basic general education, taking into account the ethnocultural characteristics of the region. The purpose of the article is to study the existing authors’ concepts and curricula in the disciplines of the specified subject area in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Based on the analysis of the implementation of the developed programs in the practice of teaching educational institutions in the region, the authors classified three models of the formation of the content of the subject area - on the basis of federal educational and methodological complexes, a combination of the federal curriculum and the author's curriculum, teaching a discipline with ethno-cultural content according to the author's program, taking into account the peculiarities of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The ways of solving the existing problems in the implementation of the subject area of the ODNKNR are proposed. The article is intended for theorists and practitioners of teaching disciplines of the subject area of the ODNKNR in a general educational school of any multicultural and multi-confessional region of Russia.
Content and methodological aspects of the implementation of mixed learning technology in specialized psychological and pedagogical classes
Authors: Ворожейкина А.В. , Салаватулина Л.Р. , Ярославова Г.Ю.
Published: December 2022

Актуальность статьи обусловлена потребностью государства в ранней профессиональной ориентации старшеклассников на педагогическую деятельность и необходимостью разработки содержательно-методических основ организации образовательного процесса в классах психолого-педагогической направленности. Авторами проанализирован дидактический потенциал и образовательные возможности технологии смешанного обучения, рассмотрены модели смешанного обучения, такие как: «перевернутый класс», «ротация станций», «смешанный проект» и «смешанное консультирование». Цель исследования –представить особенности организации технологии смешанного обучения, выявить условия реализации ее моделей в профильных классах психолого-педагогической направленности. В статье систематизирован и представлен собственный практический опыт работы с классами психолого-педагогической направленности на базе ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный гуманитарно-педагогический университет» по апробации моделей организации смешанного обучения, предложены содержательно-методические аспекты организации образовательного процесса в формате смешанного обучения со школьниками, проявляющими интерес к педагогической профессии. Статья предназначена для педагогов системы общего и профессионального образования осуществляющих профильное обучение и психолого-педагогическое сопровождение допрофессиональной подготовки старшеклассников.

The relevance of the article is caused due to the need of the state in the early professional orientation of high school students to pedagogical activity and the need to develop the content and methodological foundations of the organization of the educational process in the classes of psychological and pedagogical orientation. The authors analyzed the didactic potential and educational opportunities of mixed learning technology, considered models of mixed learning, such as "inverted classroom", "station rotation", "mixed research" and "consulting model". The purpose of the article is to consider the features of the organization of mixed learning technology, to identify the conditions for the implementation of mixed learning models in specialized classes of psychological and pedagogical orientation. The authors systematized and presented their own practical experience of working with classes of psychological and pedagogical orientation on the basis of the South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University on testing models of organization of mixed learning, proposed content and methodological aspects of the organization of the educational process in the format of mixed learning with schoolchildren showing interest in the teaching profession. The article is intended for teachers of the system of general and vocational education who carry out specialized training and psychological and pedagogical support of pre-professional training of high school students.
Transaction and sector approach in the organization of research activities of the lyceum (based on the example of the implementation of the project "ECOSPUTNIK")
Authors: Кулаева О.А. , Севастьянова Е.С. , Урсул Н.С.
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена трансакционно-секторному подходу при организации проектно-исследовательской деятельности в лицее. Цель статьи – показать взаимодействие (трансакцию) разнонаправленных секторов (общеобразовательный, научный, социальный, государственный) при реализации проектно-исследовательской деятельности. По мнению авторов, необходимо создавать научно-исследовательские коллективы из представителей секторов общего образования, научного, социального и государственного. Приводятся признаки предложенного подхода. Взаимодействие (трансакция) секторов различной направленности приведет к успешным результатам в проектно-исследовательской деятельности. В статье рассмотрено взаимодействие (трансакция) общеобразовательного, социального, научного секторов. Субъектами общеобразовательного сектора выступили учащиеся и учителя лицея, субъекты научного сектора – преподаватели вуза, субъекты социального – сотрудники некоммерческих организаций. Авторы подробно описывают проект «ЭКОСПУТНИК»: появление идеи и создание учителями мотивационной среды для учащихся; трансакция с вузами и некоммерческими организациями; проведение лабораторных опытов; коммерциализация результатов; транслирование опыта проекта через олимпиады, конференции.

The article is devoted to a transaction-sector approach in organizing research activities at the Lyceum. The purpose of the article is to show the interaction (transaction) of sectors (general education, scientific, social, state) in the implementation of project-research activities. According to the authors’ opinion, it is necessary to create research teams from representatives of the sectors of general education, scientific, social and state. Signs of the proposed approach are given. Interaction (transaction) of sectors of various directions will lead to successful results in research activities. The article considers the interaction (transaction) of the general education, social, scientific sectors. Subjects of the general education sector were students and teachers of the lyceum, subjects of the scientific sector - professors of the university, subjects of the social sector - employees of non-profit organizations. The authors describe in detail the project "ECOSPUTNIK": the emergence of an idea and the creation by teachers of a motivational environment for students; transaction with universities and non-profit organizations; conducting laboratory experiments; commercialization of results; broadcasting the project experience through Olympiads, conferences.
The educational potential of a children's association of different ages
Authors: Девятерикова Е.В.
Published: December 2022

Актуальность статьи обусловлена необходимостью поиска новых форм работы с детьми, влияющих на их позитивную социализацию и личностное развитие. Одним из наиболее перспективных направлений в решении данной проблемы является создание временных разновозрастных детских объединений по месту жительства. В статье отражены ключевые принципы развития взаимодействия в разновозрастном детском объединении, раскрыта сущность таких понятий как педагогическое сопровождение и экзистенциальный выбор. Автором подробно рассматриваются этапы педагогического сопровождения экзистенциального выбора ребенка, реализация которых в значительной степени расширяет уже имеющийся воспитательный потенциал разновозрастного детского объединения. Статья предназначена для руководителей временных разновозрастных детских объединений по месту жительства, педагогов-организаторов учреждений дополнительного образования и руководителей разновозрастных детских объединений в общеобразовательных организациях.

The relevance of the article is caused due to the need to find out new forms of work with children that affect their positive socialization and personal development. One of the most promising directions in solving this problem is the creation of temporary children's associations of different ages at the place of residence. The article reflects the key principles for the development of interaction in a children's association of different ages, reveals the essence of such concepts as pedagogical support and existential choice. The author examines in detail the stages of pedagogical support of the child's existential choice, the implementation of which greatly expands the existing educational potential of children's associations of different ages. The article is intended for heads of temporary children's associations of different ages at the place of residence, teachers-organizers of institutions of additional education and heads of children's associations of different ages in educational organizations.
Development of research competencies of younger students in educational activities
Authors: Новиков П.В.
Published: December 2022

Динамичные и кардинальные изменения в современном обществе предъявляют повышенные требования к личности выпускников школ. Современный выпускник школы должен обладать компетенциями, делающими его конкурентноспособным в профессиональной сфере. Цель статьи рассмотреть специфику исследовательских компетенций и показать их влияние на личностное и интеллектуальное развитие младших школьников. В статье раскрыта сущность понятий «компетентность» и «компетенция», дана характеристика исследовательских компетенций, показана роль учебной деятельности в развитии исследовательских умений и навыков. Рассмотрены различные подходы к диагностике исследовательских компетенций. С помощью авторской методики исследован уровень развития познавательных исследовательских компетенций и описаны особенности мыслительных действий учащихся при решении интеллектуальных и поисковых задач. Отмечается взаимосвязь и взаимовлияние исследовательских компетенций и универсальных учебных действий. Статья предназначена психологам образовательных учреждений, учителям начальных классов.

Dynamic and dramatic changes in today's society place greater demands on the personality of school graduates. A modern school graduate must possess the competencies that make him/her competitive in professional spheres. The purpose of the article is to consider the specificity of research competences and to show their influence on personal and intellectual development of junior high school students. The article reveals the essence of the concepts "competency" and "competence", gives a characteristic of research competences, shows the role of learning activities in the development of research skills and abilities. Different approaches to the diagnosis of research competences are considered. Using the author's methodology, the level of development of cognitive research competencies was investigated and the features of students' thinking activities when solving intellectual and search tasks were described. The interrelation and mutual influence of research competences and universal learning activities are noted. The article is intended for psychologists of educational institutions, elementary school teachers and all those interested in improving the personal, intellectual and creative development of young students.
Study of the features of university-students’ deviant behavior
Authors: Садыкова Л.Р. , Икрамова Г.Д.
Published: December 2022

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью снижения риска проявления различных форм девиантного поведения у студентов посредством учебно-воспитательной деятельности. Цель исследования – выявить особенности девиантного поведения студентов с целью трансформации учебно-воспитательной работы. В статье представлены результаты диагностики взаимосвязи склонности к девиантному поведению и типа межличностного отношения, согласно которым были выявлены следующие особенности студентов: неуверенные в себе респонденты, склонные чувствовать свою вину за любые, даже незначительные ошибки, реже реализуют зависимое и деликвентное поведение; ответственные, ориентированные на других обучающиеся чаще проявляют эмоциональность, которая может выражаться в эмоциональной несдержанности и импульсивности; ориентация на мнение других, зависимость от окружающих людей, снижает вероятность реализации противоправного поведения, антисоциальных действий и зависимого поведения. Полученные результаты позволили разработать рекомендации педагогам и кураторам. Статья предназначена преподавателям и руководителям образовательных организаций, психологам, социальным педагогам, широкому кругу специалистов, занимающихся вопросами воспитания учащейся молодежи.

The relevance of the study is caused due to the need to reduce the risk of manifestation of various forms of students’ deviant behavior via means of educational activities. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of students' deviant behavior in order to transform educational work. The article presents the results of diagnosing the relationship between the propensity to deviant behavior and the type of interpersonal relationship, according to which the following characteristics of students were revealed: respondents who are insecure, who tend to feel guilty for any, even minor mistakes, are less likely to implement dependent and delinquent behavior; responsible, other-oriented students are more likely to show emotionality, which can be expressed in emotional restraint and impulsiveness; orientation to the opinions of others, dependence on other people, reduces the likelihood of illegal behavior, antisocial actions and dependent behavior. The obtained results allowed us to develop recommendations for teachers and curators (guides). The article is intended for teachers and heads of educational organizations, psychologists, social pedagogues, a wide range of specialists involved in the education of young students.
Features of socio-psychological mechanisms of influence on the athletes’ competitive activity in the context of the pandemic
Authors: Пожарская Е.Л.
Published: December 2022

Цель статьи заключается в представлении исследования социально-психологических механизмов, которые воздействуют на спортсменов в условиях соревнований и период пандемии. Рассмотрено влияние зрителей на соревнованиях во взаимодействии с эффективностью и уровенем достижений спортсменов, что имеет важное научно-прикладное значение для спортивной и психологической сферы. Приведены результаты спортсменов конного спорта по проведенным методикам, сравнительные данные разных дисциплин внутри него, а также проведена корреляция между показателями методик. Выявлены различия в показателях субъективного контроля, в мотивации достижения и мотивации избегания неудач, демонстрирующие специфику дисциплин конного спорта и имеющие под собой психологический аспект. Статья предназначена для специалистов в области спортивной психологии и тренерского состава данных видов спорта.

The purpose of the article is to present a study of the socio-psychological mechanisms that affect athletes in competition conditions and during the pandemic. The influence of spectators at competitions in interaction with the effectiveness and level of achievements of athletes is considered, which is of important scientific and applied importance for the sports and psychological sphere. The results of equestrian athletes according to the methods carried out, comparative data of different disciplines within it are presented, as well as a correlation between the indicators of the methods is carried out. The differences in the indicators of subjective control, in the motivation of achievement and the motivation of avoiding failures are revealed, demonstrating the specifics of equestrian sports disciplines and having a psychological aspect. The article is intended for specialists in the field of sports psychology and the coaching staff of these sports.
Comparison Between Some Nonlinear Controllers for the Position Control of Lagrangian-type Robotic Systems
Authors: JENHANİ Sahar , GRİTLİ Hassène , CARBONE Professor Giuseppe
Published: December 2022

This work addresses the set-point control problem of the position of fully-actuated Lagrangian-type robotic systems by means of some nonlinear control laws. We adopt four different nonlinear control laws: the PD plus gravity compensation controller, the PD plus desired gravity compensation controller, the computed-torque controller and the augmented PD plus gravity compensation controller. An in-depth comparison between these control laws and their application is achieved. Indeed, using some properties, we design some conditions on the feedback gains of the nonlinear controllers ensuring the stability in the closed loop of the zero-equilibrium point and its uniqueness. At the end of this work, we adopt a planar two-degree-of-freedom manipulator robot to illustrate via simulation the difference between and the efficiency of the adopted nonlinear controllers.
Supporting Construction Technology Students’ Outside-of-Classroom Teaching and Learning Physics at One Rwanda Polytechnic College Using a Screencast Application
Authors: Uwayezu Jean Claude , Renzahoduke Tharcisse
Published: December 2022

The use of information and communication technology in teaching and learning science is appreciated to enhance students’ learning process by allowing teachers to create virtual environments and this has been among sustainable solutions since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the extent to which screencast application’s learning materials support construction technology students’ outside-of-classroom learning in physics at one Rwanda Polytechnic College. It was a quantitative case study conducted on 128 students who were undertaking the course of physics fundamentals. Screencast application’s learning materials about the topic of thermodynamics were provided during a period of five weeks in parallel with usual teaching and learning and students used them for outside-of-classroom learning. At the end of this intervention, a Likert scale questionnaire was administered to participating students to assess their satisfaction on the support they have received. Only 80 students successively responded to all the questionnaire items and their responses were analysed using percentage frequencies and arithmetic means of Likert scale point scores. The results indicated that students’ satisfaction on the received support was relatively good for collaborative learning (M=4.02, SD=0.04), motivation to learn physics (M=4.14, SD=0.07), independent learning in physics (M=4.13, SD=0.07) and understanding of the topic of thermodynamics (M=4.04, SD=0.08). At the studied college, it was concluded that screencast application’s learning materials support first-year construction technology students’ in their outside-of-classroom learning in physics in good help and good gain category. Scientific studies on the effect of screencast applications on students’ performance in physics are also recommended for large samples in Rwanda Polytechnic College.
Ecological divergence of a mesocosm in an eastern boundary upwelling system assessed with multi-marker environmental DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Min Markus A. , Needham David M. , Sudek Sebastian , Truelove N. Kobun , Pitz Kathleen J. , Chavez Gabriela M. , Poirier Camille , Gardeler Bente , von der Esch Elisabeth , Ludwig Andrea , Riebesell Ulf , Worden Alexandra Z. , Chavez Francisco P.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUS) contribute a disproportionate fraction of the global fish catch relative to their size and are especially susceptible to global environmental change. Here we present the evolution of communities over 50 days in an in situ mesocosm 6 km offshore of Callao, Peru and in the nearby unenclosed coastal Pacific Ocean. The communities were monitored using multi-marker environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and flow cytometry. DNA extracted from weekly water samples were subjected to amplicon sequencing for four genetic loci: 1) the V1-V2 region of the 16S rRNA gene, for photosynthetic eukaryotes (via their chloroplasts) and bacteria; 2) the V9 region of the 18S rRNA gene for exploration of eukaryotes but targeting phytoplankton; 3) cytochrome oxidase I (COI), for exploration of eukaryotic taxa but targeting invertebrates, and 4) the 12S rRNA gene, targeting vertebrates. The multi-marker approach showed a divergence of communities (from microbes to fish) between the mesocosm and the unenclosed ocean. Together with the environmental information, the genetic data furthered our mechanistic understanding of the processes that are shaping EBUS communities in a changing ocean. The unenclosed ocean experienced significant variability over the course of the 50-day experiment with temporal shifts in community composition but remained dominated by organisms that are characteristic of high nutrient, upwelling conditions (e.g. diatoms, copepods, anchovies). A large directional change was found in the mesocosm community. The mesocosm community that developed was characteristic of upwelling regions when upwelling relaxes and waters stratify (e.g. dinoflagellates, nanoflagellates). The selection of dinoflagellates under the warm (coastal El Niño) and stratified conditions in the mesocosm may be an indication of how EBUS will respond under the global environmental changes (i.e. continued global warming) forecast by the IPCC.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF SHEA NUT PROCESSING CONDITIONS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF TRADITIONALLY PRODUCED SHEA BUTTER
Authors: Saba A.M , Baba A.H , Mohammed I.Y , AbdulQadir M
Published: December 2022

Agricultural diversification has been identified as part of measures for minimising global yearning for developing opportunities for sustainable production systems. Processing of Shea nut into Shea butter is mostly carried out by women in Nigeria using traditional methods. This approach is currently not well-standardized and has significant impact on the yield and product quality. Robust investigations of process variables are needed to identify the most important process parameter(s) that would guarantee high yield and good quality Shea butter. In this study, effects of Shea kernel roasting temperature (30, 90 and 150 oC), roasting time (10, 35 and 60 minutes), Shea paste kneading speed (100, 200 and 300 rpm), and time lag between Shea kernel milling and Shea paste kneading (5,15 and 25 minutes) on the yield and quality of Shea butter produced through traditional extraction method were evaluated. At 30 oC roasting temperature, 31.68 wt % Shea butter was recorded, which increased to 36.4 wt % when the roasting temperature was raised to 150 oC. Free fatty acid content increased significantly from 1.28 to 2.1 % while the peroxide value was maximum at 100 oC (2.1 meq/kg). Longer roasting time and time lag between milling and kneading also led to high free fatty acid and peroxide contents. This study indicates that the roasting temperature, roasting time and time lag between milling and kneading represent the most significant parameters for high yield and good quality Shea butter production via traditional extraction method. Keywords: Shea kernel; free fatty acid; kneading speed; Shea butter quality.
PREDICTION OF HIGHER HEATING VALUE OF BIOMASS BASED ON ULTIMATE AND PROXIMATE ANALYSES
Authors: Osuolale F.N , Olateju I.I , Oke E.O , Alade A.O , Agarry S.E , Alagbe S.O , Ogunleye O.O , Agbede O.O
Published: December 2022

High heating value (HHV) of biomass is important for the design and operation of biomass based energy conversion processes. Experimental determination of this property is always time consuming and expensive. This paper compares existing empirical correlations based on proximate and ultimate analysis of biomass for the determination of the HHV. The correlations were validated from experimental data for twelve biomass that are typical to Nigeria. The correlation based on proximate analysis with the least error is HHV=(354FC+170.8VM)/1000 having a mean absolute error of prediction in the range 0.12 to 5.71 and average absolute error of 0.07 to 24%. The Average absolute error of the correlation HHV=0.3897C+0.2976 from ultimate analysis ranges from 0.09 to 28.9% and the Mean absolute error ranges from 0.015 to 4.71. The predictions from the correlations are not showing good agreement with the experimental data. Ultimately, three correlations were developed in this study. The correlation based on ultimate analysis gave mean absolute prediction error of 0.11 to 2.45 and average absolute error of 0.6 to 16%. The correlation based on a combination of ultimate and proximate analysis gave mean absolute prediction error of 0.08 to 2.05 and average absolute error of 1-12%. The developed correlations are seen to be more accurate in predicting the HHV values. Keywords: Biomass, High Heating Value, Proximate analysis, Ultimate Analysis,
OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS VARIABLES TO OBTAIN QUALITY SHEA KERNELS FROM SHEA NUT
Authors: Saba A.M , Baba A.H , Mohammed I.Y , AbdulQadir M
Published: December 2022

Shea butter is a product of Shea kernel obtained from Shea tree. It has wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals, confectionaries, chocolates, and soap industries. The use of Shea butter for these applications is largely dependent upon its Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content. The resultant FFA of Shea butter produced from the Shea kernel depends largely upon the process variables applied to the kernel prior to Shea butter production. Poor and inconsistent qualities usually characterize unprocessed Nigerian Shea kernels. Thus, the need to improve Shea kernel quality in Nigeria becomes necessary. This study investigated the effects of optimizing processing factors, responses, development, and analysis of predictive response models of Shea kernel leading to its optimization. Shea fruits that have fallen to the ground were picked and the pulp removed to expose the Shea nut. Effects of Shea Nut Conditioning Period (SNCP), Shea Nut Boiling Duration (SNBD) and Shea Nut Drying Temperature (SNDT) on the FFA of Shea kernel were investigated. The boundary conditions obtained from earlier experiments were used for the Design of Experiment (DOE) by Box-Bekehn method of response surface methodology. Fresh Shea kernels were then processed according to the experimental design and the responses of free fatty acid, peroxide value and percentage oil content determined. The upper, middle and lower limits obtained for SNCP were 1, 6.5, and 12 day respectively, SNBD were 0, 60, and 120 minutes respectively and SNDT were 30, 70, 110 oC respectively. The optimum conditions of SNCP, SNBD and SNDT obtained after the optimization of Shea kernel were respectively 4.0 day, 120 minutes and 86 oC and the corresponding predicted responses of PV, percentage oil content, FFA and desirability were 2.868 meq/kg, 0.628 %, 53.8 5 % and 0.878 respectively. Keywords: Shea-kernel, Shea Nut Conditioning Period, Shea Nut Boiling Duration, Shea Nut Drying Temperature, and Optimization
LAB-SCALE CONTINUOUS ADSORPTIVE SEPARATION OF Cd (II) ION FROM AQUEOUS EFFLUENT USING MAGNETIC NANOCELLULOSIC ADSORBENT
Authors: Etuk V.E , Oboh I.O , Etuk B.R
Published: December 2022

Haphazard disposal of industrial effluents into the environment has negatively impacted the global water security sector. Some of the accompanying chemical pollutants are reported to be carcinogenic when ingested or inhaled. Cadmium had been linked with several cancers in humans. Batch-wise adsorption technique is the commonly practiced separation procedure due to its lack of ambiguity and the potential for sorption of low concentration pollutants from effluent streams. The frequently used activated carbon adsorbent can be restrictive due to excessive sludge generation. The essence of this research interest is in the development of sustainable, renewable and environmentally friendly adsorbents based on advances in nanotechnology. In this study, 91.31 % recovery of Cd2+ was recorded when 3.0 mg of the solute was treated using novel magnetic nanofibrilated cellulose in fixed bed adsorption process. Key words: Breakthrough curve, Environment, fixed bed, Nanoadsorbent, wastewater
PRACTICAL ENGINEERING SKILLS TRANSFER IN THE NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM: A REVIEW OF EDO STATE UNIVERSITY UZAIRUE
Authors: Aluyor E,O , Otoikhian K.S
Published: December 2022

The contemporary engineer is required to manage environmental, cultural, and social issues while resolving complex technical problems that call for the work of inter–professional collaboration. The technological, ICT, and soft skills needed by an engineer have been separated into these three categories. Numerous routine job positions would not only be threatened by the market growth for, and use of these technological innovations in the engineering industry, but it would also drive innovative and exciting opportunities and call for authentic intelligence and creativity. This review therefore, using a tactical methodological approach, discloses the significance of effecting workable engineering expertise in the Nigerian Institutions whilst also suggesting that, unless efforts are made to continually develop and foster the acquisition of engineering skills, the daunting new fad with the use of technological innovations within the engineering industry will inevitably lead in the joblessness of engineering graduates and professionals. This suggestion is, in fact, expected to generate so much prospects for engineers with an entrepreneurship and innovation perspective whilst take creating an enabling environment for innovations via the use of emerging technologies. Keyword: Skills, framework, engineers, practical, technologies, entrepreneurial.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND EQUILILBRIUM STUDY OF NITRIC ACID MODIFIED ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORBENT FROM BAMBOO CULMS
Authors: Francis A.O , Ochi D , Osaghae S
Published: December 2022

This study evaluated the synthesis of low cost activated carbon adsorbent from waste bamboo culms collected at a construction site around Auchi Polytechnic, modified with environmentally friendly nitric acid for enhanced pore structures and improved adsorption versatility. The material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and nickel adsorption. The FTIR result showed the characteristics O–H stretching of free hydroxyl and strong hydrogen bond group on the activated carbon surface. The BET surface area of the activated carbon displayed high specific surface area of 1.087 ×103 m2/g and 71.41% mesoporosity, despite the lower activation temperature of 600 oC. The maximum adsorption capacity of the activated carbon for nickel was 20.69 mmol/g. Freundlich isotherm model best explained the adsorption behavior, suggesting heterogeneous surface adsorption due to textural properties of the activated carbon or ionic interaction between nickel molecule and the functional groups. Nitric acid modified activated carbon is a promising adsorbent candidate for heavy metal removal. Keywords: Bamboo culms, nitric acid, adsorbent, modified, characteristics.
A REVIEW ON SYNTHESIS OF HIERARCHICAL ZEOLITES Y
Authors: Usman R.A , Kovo A.S , Abdulkareem A.S , Garba M.U
Published: December 2022

Zeolites has emerged as a main heterogeneous catalyst in most chemical industries. Its diffusion limitation causes ineffective utilization of the catalyst, leading to early coking and subsequent deactivation of the zeolites. Hierarchical zeolites Y have been identified as suitable advanced material that addresses the limitations encountered with microporous zeolites in the catalytic reaction. It has an enlarged pore improved surface area and reduced channel that speed-up the reaction. The review paper focuses on two main methods of synthesizing hierarchical zeolites Y and their shortcomings. The synthesis strategies of hierarchical zeolite Y are through post-synthesis treatment (top-down) and direct synthesis with the aid of morphology modifying agents (bottom-up). However, these synthesis routes are characterized by high energy consumption and the use of expensive chemicals which are not environmentally friendly. In this review, several synthesis routes were studied and examined. The additive-free synthesis route, which involves adjustment of crystallization parameters and additional aging steps, was economically and ecologically friendly. Hierarchical zeolites Y have been extensively used in industrial applications due to their enhanced intra-crystalline diffusion and improved catalytic properties. Keywords: Zeolite Y, Hierarchical zeolite, Top-down, Bottom-up
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, NIGERIA AND THE CHANGING SOCIETY
Authors: N. John Erinne
Published: December 2022

This paper reviews the nature of Chemical Engineering, as well as its foundations and practice in Nigeria. It then examines the needs of contemporary society and economy and explores the role and relevance of Chemical Engineering in meeting the needs of the emerging society and economy. Subsequently, the peculiarities of future societal and economic challenges Nigeria will be faced with are highlighted. The question of training of Chemical Engineers to meet these future challenges in Nigeria then comes under focus. Suggestions are made for improved Chemical Engineering curriculum in the nation’s universities which will enable the production of Nigerian Chemical Engineers who are well equipped to meet the needs of the future. Keywords: chemical engineering education; Nigeria developmental needs; curriculum.
CRITICAL THINKING APPROACH TO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN NIGERIA
Authors: Yirakpoa Patience Nwambo  , Ibrahim Kolawole Muritala  , Ipeghan Jonathan Otaraku  , Ayoade Kuye
Published: December 2022

All learning activities are geared towards not what the teacher is going to teach, but what the outcome of that teaching should be, what the learner is supposed to do, and at what level. Education plays a main role in shaping the learner to be a better, responsible citizen and an active member of the society. It provides the ladder for achieving success in life as well as constructive utilization of acquired skills and knowledge. Critical thinking should be taught in schools so that students may learn to think for themselves and make their own choices, as well as to prepare them for the difficulties of adult life and to help them live a full and happy life that includes critical thinking. The instructor is at the core of traditional education, which does not foster inventiveness or originality. Critical thinking approach will erase traditional teaching deficiencies and will breed professional competence, cognitive transformation, and self-confidence. Various strategies that can foster the development of critical thinking across disciplines in education have been explored by researchers recently, and despite the acknowledged importance, critical thinking skills are frequently not taught explicitly; teachers are not intentional in the teaching and learning process, the assumption being that students will learn from the implicit values buried deep within our teaching philosophies. It is essential that teachers understand critical thinking processes and employ instructional activities to build these processes to teach critical thinking abilities. Researching critical thinking is a continuous process since it is a contentious and extensive topic in terms of definition and progress. Keywords: Critical thinking skills; Teacher-centered; Strategies; Cognitive transformation.
LITHIUM EXTRACTION FROM SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES WITH GREEN SOLVENTS: COSMO-RS MODELING
Authors: Hussein K. Amusa  , Ahmad S. Darwish  , Tarek Lemaoui  , Hassan A. Arafat  , Inas M. Nashef
Published: December 2022

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) wide usage constitutes a disposal threat to the environment. As a result, several laws are being introduced to encourage the recycling of this waste, particularly, in lithium recovery. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) has been reported as an efficient solvent in valuable metal recovery from spent LIB. However, efficient deep eutectic solvent design requires a smart selection of components. This study developed a COSMO-RS model to screen several components as DES starting material in lithium extraction from spent LIB. The model consists of 188 different constituents. The model is developed using the cosmo therm software in the LIB application for the first time. The model uses lithium chemical potential to measure the affinity of lithium in the screened components. Overall, all the compounds show an affinity for lithium. The components are classified into ionic and non-ionic. The ionic compounds performed better than the non-ionic compounds. This is due to the coordinating ability of the ionic compounds’ cations with lithium. Further, this study highlights other properties such as reducibility, toxicity, and viscosity as screening strategies in DES component selection for lithium extraction. This is to implement the full green chemistry principle essential for industrial application. Keywords: Lithium-ion battery; Lithium; green technology; Deep eutectic solvents; COSMO-RS.
STUDENT PERCEPTION OF RESEARCH CAPACITY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS IN SELECTED NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Mark Chijioke Ibeh  , Ibrahim Kolawole Muritala  , Ayoade Kuye
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT This research work is aimed at assessing the research capacity of chemical engineering departments in selected Nigeria Universities. Thirty-three universities were selected for the survey based on the criteria of running accredited chemical engineering programs. A framework designed to measure specific KPIs or dimensions was developed and adapted to a questionnaire. The 37- item questionnaire was administered to students online with responses downloaded from the web portal for cleaning, coding and analysis using Microsoft excel software program. The coded responses were analyzed using percentages, mean, variance, and ANOVA. 56 out of the 60 responses received were found to be valid. The responses received were grouped into undergraduate and postgraduate respondents. The administered questionnaires had high internal consistencies with Cronbach alpha values of 0.8898, 0.8525 and 0.8994 for all, undergraduate and postgraduate responses. The responses were analyzed using three key performance indicators (KPIs) namely: (a) research infrastructure, dissemination, (b) knowledge translation and research applicability and (c) empowerment, skills, and confidence. The means for research infrastructure range from 3.6607 to 4.0714, 3.6176 to 3.8529 and 3.7273 to 4.5455 for all, undergraduate and postgraduate respondents respectively. Quite a number of the undergraduate respondents are neutral with respect to each dimension of the research infrastructure while the postgraduate respondent’s perception is that achieving peer recognition is not a motivation for conducting research. On average, the respondents agree with all the dimensions for knowledge translation and research applicability. The empowerment, skills, and confidence mean values range from 3.4643 to 4.2500, 3.2353 to 4.1765 and 3.7727 to 4.4091 for all, undergraduate and postgraduate respondents respectively. These imply that, on average, the undergraduate and postgraduate respondents view of this KPI differ.
STRATEGIES FOR TEACHING-FOCUSED INDUSTRY-ACADEMIA COLLABORATION IN ENGINEERING
Authors: Chukwuka D. Offodum  , Stephen Oyelami
Published: December 2022

Industry-academia collaboration largely depends on the way the nexus is defined as well as the extent of formalization of the relationship. The process of teaching and learning are a lot better when there is a concerted unison of research and knowledge transfer from the higher institutions to the industry and vice versa. Jointly organized course-based and project-based teaching collaborations have become increasingly crucial in guaranteeing that the student benefits from both sides of the theoretical and practical divide. This paper presents a review of research literature on the possible industry-academia success factors and seeks to highlight avenues through which this bond can be better strengthened. In a bid to close this lacuna between academia and industry, infusing industry experts to supervise research projects on one hand and improving teaching methods via curricula improvement on the other hand will prove beneficial. Keywords: Industry-Academia collaboration; teaching; engineering education; joint-based research; curriculum development.
Development of Teaching Effectiveness Scale for University Teachers
Authors: Shumaila Shahzad  , Nasir Mehmood
Published: December 2022

Effectiveness can be assessed in terms of achievability of objectives. Teaching process at higher education level aims at students' cognitive, psychomotor and effective development so that university graduates could become effective members of society after completion of their studies. Purpose of education can never be achieved without teachers. It can safely be said that effectiveness of education system largely depends on effectiveness of its teachers. Accountability or teacher evaluation helps ensure teaching effectiveness. Therefore, this study aimed at construction of such a scale which could be used to assess university teachers' teaching effectiveness. For preparing Teaching Effectiveness Scale (TES), primarily, 65 statements were prepared as an item pool after literature review related to capabilities of efficient and effective teacher. Items were extracted from literature review (i.e., contemporary scales for teacher evaluation), informal interviews with ten university teachers and focus group discussions with three intact groups of graduates were held. Later on, 16 Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) judged the content validity. Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were calculated to retain 43 content valid items. Finally, these 43 items were administered to 698 university students. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed on LISREL 8.8. to ensure construct validity. Finally, there remained 32 items whose factor loadings were more than 0.40. Reliability Coefficient Value (RCV) was high (r= 0.87). In this way, TES comprised four sub scales i.e. (a) Classroom Management (CM), (b) content and pedagogical skills, (c) Facilitative Classroom Environment (FCE) and (d) Student Teacher Relationship (STR). The scale possesses high psychometric properties and is available for use.