bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of broiler chickens fed different animal protein sources as replacement for fish meal
Authors: Egbewande O. O. , Mawoli M. N. , Lawal R.
Published: February 2021

Searching for least cost feed component should be extended to unconventional feedstuffs that are locally available and cheaper to come by. Therefore, an eight-week experiment was carried out to determine the effect of different protein sources (maggot, termite, grasshopper and lizard meal) on performance of broiler chickens. A total of one hundred and fifty (150), one day-old broiler chicks of Marshall Breed were used for the experiment. An eight-weekstudy was conducted to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens fed the four different sources of animal protein. Diet I contained 5% fish meal while Diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 contained 5% maggot meal, termite meal, grasshopper meal and lizard meal, respectively at the starter phase. The finisher phase contained 2.5kg each of the protein sources respectively. The chicks were allotted to five dietary treatments each replicated thrice with ten birds perreplicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). Proximate composition of the test ingredients showed that lizard meal had the highest (55.66%) crude protein and crude fibre (5.53%). Termite meal exhibited highest (26.46%) ether extract followed by maggot meal (9.79%) with the lowest (4.02%) from lizard meal. The feed intake value (4700.16g) in birds fed diet 1 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than others. Birds fed Diet 2 showed significant (P< 0.05) better final weight gain (2367g) than those fed other test ingredients. Birds fed diet 2 (maggot meal) performed better than others in absolute weight gain (2287g) which is very close to those fed fish meal (Diet 1). In conclusion, maggot meal in this study enhanced performance and is thus recommended as a replacement for fish meal.
Growth performance of Savanna brown goats fed enzyme treated sawdust diets under intensive managed system
Authors: Ogbiko A. , Tsado D. N. , Alabi O. J. , Adama T. Z.
Published: February 2021

This study was conducted to determine the growth performance and correlation matrix ofSavanna Brown goats fed enzyme treated sawdust diets managed intensively. A total of thirty(30) goats weighting between 5.2 and 5.3 kg were arranged in a completely randomizeddesign. The animals were divided into five dietary Treatments (T) groups with threereplications. Treatment one (1) comprises of animals fed 0 % enzyme treated sawdust whileTreatment 2 (T2), Treatment 3 (T3), Treatment 4 (T4) and Treatment 5 (T5) comprises ofanimals fed 10, 20, 30 and 40 % enzyme treated sawdust diets, respectively. Data on growthperformance parameters, body linear measurement (height at wither, body length, chestgirth, hind leg length, fore leg length, facial length) were measured. Growth performancedata were analyzed using one way analysis of variance. The results of growth performancereveled that animals fed 20 % and 40 % had significantly highest value, these trend wasobserved in total weight gain (T3 = 4900g and T5 = 4833g), average weight gain (T3 = 50gand T5 = 49.32g), total fed intake (T3 = 2956.20 and T5 = 2709.30g) and average feed intake(T3 = 211.16g and T5 = 193.52g). However, in feed conversion ration no significantdifference was observed across all the treatment groups as the value range between 3.87 inanimals fed 40 % to 7.12 in those fed 10 % enzyme treated sawdust diet. A positive andsignificant correlation was observed between body weight and chest girth with highestcorrelations in animals fed 20 % enzyme treated sawdust (0.97). It was therefore concludedthat enzyme treated sawdust can be used in the diets of Savanna Brown goats up to 40 %replacement for maize offal for optimum performance
Assessment of helminth parasites of pigs in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Adenaike E. A.
Published: February 2021

Gastro-intestinal parasitism constitutes an important constraint to pig production in most parts of the world and in Nigeria. These gastrointestinal helminthoses in pigs occasionally cause obvious disease and death, but more commonly, they lead to loss of appetite, reduced weight gain, poor feed utilization, potentiation of other pathogens and condemnation of parts of the carcasses at slaughter. An assessment of helminth parasites of pigs in Ibadan, Nigeria was investigated in this study. A total of 154 pigs of both sexes of Large White, Indigenous and Crosses breeds found were sampled and standard parasitological examinations were carried out on the faecal samples. Out of the 154 pigs examined, 36.36% were positive for helminth parasites of which 24.67% were males, 11.69% were females and the remaining 63.64% were negative for helminth parasites. The eggs of helminth parasites found in this study were those of Ascaris spp. (12.34%), Metastrongylus spp. (9.74%), Oesophagostomum spp. (6.49%), Paragonimus spp. (1.3%), Hyostrongylus spp. (1.3%) and Trichuris spp. (5.19%). Helminth parasites were most prevalent in large white breed of the pigs (27.27%) the crosses (6.49%) and least prevalent in indigenous breeds (2.60%). Eggs of Ascaris spp. (12.34%) and Metastrongylus spp. (9.74%) are the commonest helminth parasite eggs of pigs found in the study while Trichuris spp. had the highest (29.07%) mean eggs per gramme of faeces. In conclusion, regular assessment of helminth parasites in the faeces of pigs in recommended for strategic treatment against helminth parasites and pig farmers are encouraged to prevent the environment from becoming contaminated by infective helminth larvae by practicing good standards of hygiene.
Reproductive characteristics of rabbit bucks administered Panax ginseng extracts
Authors: Iwuji T. C. , Herbert U. , Oguike M. A. , Obikaonu H. O.
Published: February 2021

This study was conducted for 4 months in the quest to discover natural materials, especially of plant origin, capable of substituting the roles of synthetic materials, especially drugs, in reproductive enhancement of livestock species. Such natural materials will help eliminate the menace of residual effects of synthetic materials on livestock products and probably attract more revenue from them. A total of 24 New Zealand White (NZW) weaned rabbit bucks were used and the study was carried out in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD), comprising three treatments replicated four times; MT1 (control), MT2 and MT3 , containing 0, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of Panax ginseng extracts (PGEs), respectively. Assessment for attainment of puberty started from the age of 11 - 14 weeks on a weekly basis and at 72 h interval thereafter by examining their ejaculate and preputial fluid smeared on a glass slide under a microscope for sperm cells. Semen was collected twice a week for 3 weeks after maturity (6 months old) with the aid of an artificial vagina (AV), using rabbit does as teasers. Semen analysis was done within 20 minutes of collection, following standard procedures. Libido was determined weekly for 3 weeks by recording the time it took the matured rabbit bucks to sniff, groom, and mount the rabbit doe in the initial instance (reaction time); and by counting the number of times the matured buck attempts to mount the doe per minute (libido score). Data generated from this study was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Age at puberty (MT1 = 116.00 days; MT2 = 112.50 days; MT3 = 100.50 days) was significantly (P<0.05) lower in MT3 (400 mg/kg b.w), and weight at puberty (MT1 = 1483.33 g; MT2 = 1475.00 g; MT3 = 1378.50 g) recorded a dose dependent significant (P<0.05) decrease in the male rabbits. Semen volume (MT1 = 0.95 mL; MT2 = 1.25 mL; MT3 = 1.55 mL), total sperm count (MT1 = 115.00 x 10 ; MT2 = 125.50 x10 ; MT3 = 146.20 x 10 ), progressive sperm motility (MT1 = 78.50 %; MT2 = 83.00 %; MT3 = 82.30 %), live sperm proportion (MT1 = 80.63 %; MT2 = 85.40 %; MT3 = 89.75 %) and libido score (MT1 = 7.00 mounts/min; MT2 = 9.00 mounts/min; MT3 = 11.50 mounts/min) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in adult rabbit bucks administered PGEs, while reaction time (MT1 = 9.45 s; MT2 = 3.15 s; MT3 = 2.60 s) significantly (P<0.05) decreased in PGEs treated rabbits. This study shows that PGEs can orally be administered up to 400 mg/kg body weight in NZW rabbit bucks to enhance their reproductive potential, through early attainment of puberty, improved semen quality and enhanced libido.
Evaluation of haematological and blood serum indices of broiler starter fed varying levels of sun dried cassava peels meal as partial replacement for wheat bran
Authors: Raji M. O. , Akinosun A. A. , Abegunde P. T. , Mosobalaje M. A. , Fasasi M. O. , Bamgbose A. M.
Published: February 2021

This study was carried out to examine the effect of sun dried cassava peels meal on haematological and blood serum indices of broiler starter chicks. Atotal of 150 unsexed, day old broiler chickens (Arbor acre) were randomly allotted into 5 dietary treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5) containing 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% sun dried cassava peal meal (SDCPM), respectively as replacement for wheat bran. Each treatment consisted of 3 replicates of 10 birds each in a Completely Randomized Designed (CRD). At four (4) weeks of age, experimental birds were starved overnight, and blood was harvested for hematological and serum assays. The results showed no significant difference (p>0.05) among parameters examined except globulin and albumin globulin ratio that were significantly (p<0.0) different. Globulin ranged between 5.43g/dl (T1, 0%) to 7.04g/dl (T5, 40%). Albumin globulin ratio ranged from 0.50in T4 and T5 to 0.63 in T2. It could be concluded that SDCPM performed favourably with control at all levels of inclusions (10,20, 30 and 40%SDCPM), therefore, it could be used to replace wheat bran in the diet of broiler starter without any deleterious effect on health status of chickens.
Replacement value of shea nut meal for dietary maize on growth performance and economics of production of rabbits
Authors: Shaahu D. T. , Dzungwe E. N. , Ahemen T. , Tuleun C. D.
Published: February 2021

Shea nut meal is a by-product that is cheaper than maize though its replacement value for min rabbit diet is not yet determined. It is however, hoped that the use of shea nut meal in diet would reduce the cost of production and increase profit. A twelve-week trial was therefore conducted to determine the replacement value of shea nut meal (SNM) for dietary maize on growth performance and economics of production of rabbits. Forty rabbits were divided into five, replicated eight times and allotted to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. Diet 1 had maize as major energy source and without SNM, while in diet 2, 3, 4 and 5, SNM replaced maize at 25, 50, 75 and 100% respectively. Proximate composition of SNM, feed intake, weight gain, feed cost, cost of production, revenue and profit were determined. The study revealed that SNM has 16.83 % ether extract (EE) and 46.66 % nitrogen free extract (NFE), low in crude fibre (CF) and 8.74% crude protein (CP). Daily feed intake was higher (p<0.05) for rabbits fed control (65.79g/day) than those fed the test diets (50.90- 60.10g/day). Rabbits fed control diet gained similar (p>0.05) weight as those fed diets 2 or 3, but higher (p<0.05) than those fed diets 4 or 5. Feed gain ratio by rabbit were similar (p>0.05) except rabbits fed diet 5 which were significantly less. Cost per kg diet decreased (p<0.05) as level of replacement increased, and the control diet cost (N 88.75) more than any (N 72.77 - N 84.76) of the test diets. Cost of feeding and total cost of production were reduced (p<0.05) by 16.86 – 36.55% due to replacement. The cost to gain a kg of weight was similar (p>0.05) for each of diets 1 to 4 but significantly (p<0.05) less than that of diet 5. The gross margin was lesser when SNM replaced maize in diets at 100%. Replacement of maize with SNM in diets up to 75% has no negative effect of growth performance and economics of production, however, at 100% replacement levels; there was a decreased feed intake, increased cost per kg weight gain, and a reduced gross margin.
Growth performance and digestibility of nutrients by weaner rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) fed diets containing varying levels of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) milling waste
Authors: Malik A. A. , Kudu Y. S. , Abdullahi M. , Ibrahim M. J.
Published: February 2021

Conventional feed resources for livestock are increasingly becoming more expensive, due to competition with man; hence nutritionists are searching for cheaper, locally-available alternatives. A total of forty-five (45) mixed sex weaner rabbits, aged 5 – 6 weeks, with average initial weights of between 694.42 and 761.10 g were used to investigate the effect of varying levels of cowpea milling waste (CMW) diets on their growth performance and nutrient digestibility. They were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments with nine rabbits per treatment. The control treatment (T1) contained 0 % CMW while treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5 had 10, 20, 30 and 40 % CMW dietary inclusion levels, respectively. Clean water and feed were offered ad libitum daily to the rabbits, and record of their feed intake and growth performance were taken for 12 weeks. At the end of the 11th week, a nutrient digestibility trial was carried out. Results show that there were no significant (P>0.05) differences in final body weight, body weight gain, total feed intake and mortality among the dietary treatments. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) for diets T4 (6.65) and T5 (6.66) containing 30 and 40 % CMW respectively, were as good as that of the control diet (6.11). Dry matter and crude protein digestibility showed no significant (P>0.05) difference across the treatments. Digestibility of crude fibre (72.64, 80.16, 84.04 and 80.90 % for T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively), ether extract (95.98, 94.90, 96.04 and 94.38 % for T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively), nitrogen free extract (94.30, 95.18, 93.58 and 94.90 % for T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively), as well as total digestible nutrient (83.69, 76.11, 81.67 and 80.02 % for T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively) of the test diets compared favourably with that of the control diet (72.94, 95.23, 96.04 and 80.47 % for CF, EE, NFE and TDN respectively). Hence, it can be concluded that CMW can be used safely as a protein source and included up to 40 % in weaner rabbit diets with no detrimental effect on their growth performance and nutrient digestibility.
Effects of cooking oils and packaging media on quality of meat floss
Authors: Kassim O. R. , Omojola A. B.
Published: February 2021

Meat floss (MF) is one of the popular ready-to-eat meat products among the elites of northern Nigeria, which is fast extending to some other parts of the country because of its long shelf-life at room temperature. Nonetheless, there is little documentation on the keeping quality during storage when MF is prepared from different cooking oil and packaged in different materials. In this study, meat floss was produced from raw beef (3kg) by cooking, cooling, shredding and deep frying. The deep frying was done in three cooking oils (groundnut oil - GO, soya oil - SO and palm oil - PO) and the products were packed in three materials (acrylic bottle - P1 , polyethylene - P2 and polyamide - P3 ). The frying was done using 1 litre each oil to 500 g of shredded meat, continued until golden brown colour was reached at about 20 minutes. The iodine number of each of the three oil types, and the crude protein and moisture contents of the raw meat and freshly prepared meat floss were determined. At 7, 14 and 21 days of storage the meat floss types were assessed for microbial growth and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS). The study was a 3 x 3 factorial experiment fitted into completely randomized design replicated three times. The GO had highest iodine number (38.83) and PO had the least (28.00). The protein content of MF (43.93%) was higher than that of raw meat (21.79%). The MFSO was richest in crude protein (44.54%) but MFPO had highest moisture content (14.33%). The microbial load (1.49 log10-2 cfu/cm2 ) and TBARS (0.82mg MDA/kg) of fresh MFSO was highest. The microbial load decreased with storage, with highest values obtained in MFSO on 0, 7 and 14 days. However on day 21, the three MF types had similar lowest microbial load. The polyamide pack had the highest microbial load throughout the storage period. Conversely, the TBARS of MF prepared from the three oils and stored in the three materials increased with storage for 21 days, with highest values obtained in MFSO and in polyamide. Nonetheless, all values obtained for microbial load and TBARS during storage did not exceed the threshold values for spoilage of stored meat products. It can be inferred from the study that though meat floss produced from palm oil and packed in acrylic bottle stored best, any of the three oils and any of the three packaging media retained the keeping quality of beef meat floss for 21 days at room temperature.
Sheep and goat farming in Imo state Southeast Nigeria: A traditional vocation at the verge of extinction?
Authors: Anyanwu, N. J. , Ogualu J. O. , Odoemelam, V. U. , Kalio, G. A. , Ekpe I. I.
Published: February 2021

Since prehistoric times, sheep and goat farming has been an integral part of the farming system of the people of South east Nigeria. This study investigated the current state of sheep and goat farming amongst households in Imo State south eastern Nigeria. A total of one hundred and fifty (150) structured questionnaires were distributed to farmers randomly selected from three Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Imo state namely, Oru West, Ahiazu Mbaise and Ezinihitte Mbaise to determine the socio-economic characteristics, production systems, breeding and reproduction, constraints and strategies for economic improvement in a focus group interview. Only 89 farmers were available for interview. The results revealed significant decline in sheep and goat farming amongst the households across four generations within the households interviewed. Lack of interest due to poor policy framework, low productivity of existing breeds, difficulty in feed supply and high cost of breeding stock was identified as constraints of sheep and goat production in thiese areas. It was also observed that older people were more directly involved in sheep and goat farming than youths. 59.6% of the farmers were females, and 31-50% of the farmers were between the ages of 31 and 50 years. Farming was the most common occupation amongst the households while trading was the next. Results also showed that 76.4% of the communities had history of sheep and goat keeping whereas 73% of the total families interviewed had a history of sheep and goat keeping. It was also observed that 33.7% of households were involved in poultry enterprise and 25.3% involved in fish farming. Only 4.8% engaged in sheep and goat farming. Results obtained also revealed that 48.3% of the identified sheep and goat farmers kept breeds of sheep and goat from northern Nigeria while 40.4% maintained the west African dwarf breed. 34% of respondents believed that access to grants and credit facilities, 25 % believed provision of land in urban areas, while 21% believed improvement in small ruminant feed technology, would improve production. Lambing and kidding was mostly twice a year (48.3%). Breeding was mostly observed to be uncontrolled (51.7%). Also, the results showed that, 59.6% of the farmers were willing to pay for veterinary services. The most important diseases within these areas were worms, ecto-parasites and peste des petits ruminants (PPR). It can be inferred from the study that farmers within the region appear to pay greater emphasis on poultry production and fish farming to the detriment of smallholder sheep and goat farming which could be attributed to poor knowledge of sheep and goat farming technologies resulting to low productivity.
Effects of utilizing treated and untreated corncobs and cassava peel-based diets on carcass and meat performance of West African dwarf goats
Authors: Apata E. S. , Eniolorunda O. O. , Olugbemi E. S. , Adedeji O. Y.
Published: February 2021

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of utilizing treated and untreated corncobs and cassava peels-based concentrate diets on carcass and meat performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) buck goats. Sixteen WAD buck goats of ages between 9 and 10 months, balanced for weight were randomly assigned to four diet treatments with four goats per treatment diets of T1 = untreated cassava peels T2 = Treated corncobs, T3 = Treated cassava peels and T4 = untreated corncobs for 91 days. At the end of the feeding trial, three goats were randomly selected from each treatment and slaughtered. Data were collected on fasted, bled, clean carcasses' weights, lengths, chilled weights, chilling losses, chilling loss weights and dressing percentages as well as external and internal offals, while data on physical, (cooking loss, cooking yield, thermal shortening, cold loss, cold shortening and water holding capacity) proximate (moisture, crude protein, ether extract (fat), ash and nitrogen free extract) and organoleptic (colour, flavour, tenderness, juiciness, texture and overall acceptability) properties of meat were taken in a completely randomized experiment. Data were statistically analysed and significant means were separated at p=0.05. The results of the chemical composition of the experimental diets showed significant differences. Clean carcasses' lengths and chilled weights were higher in T3 than in other treatments, while bled carcasses' weights and chilling losses were lower (p<0.05) in the same T3 than in others. Bled carcasses' weights, chilling losses and percentage chilling losses were higher in T1 and T4 respectively. All the external and internal offals were higher in T3 followed by T2 and least (p<0.05) in T4, but cooking yield and water holding capacity were higher in T3 while thermal shortening, cold loss and shortening were lower. Moisture, crude protein, ether extract (fat) and ash except nitrogen free extract were higher in T3 followed by T1, T2 and least (p<0.05) in T4. Meat from T3 had higher colour, flavour, tenderness, juiciness, texture and overall acceptability followed by meat from T2 and least in T4. All the variables measured except nitrogen free extract were higher in T3. It can be concluded based that diet T3 was the best due to higher effect on the carcasses and meats of experimental goats. Therefore, diet T3 is highly recommended for farmers followed by diet T2.
Utilization of indigenous practices among small ruminant farmers in controling ecto parasite in Ido local government area, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Eniola O. , Shaib-Rahim H. O. , Ajanaku A. O. , Adeoye A. S. , Aluko O. J. , Roberts A. E. , Lawal M. O.
Published: February 2021

High prevalence of ectoparasites in the tropics and lack of access to veterinary services necessitated the use of indigenous practices in controlling ectoparasites among small ruminant farmers. This study was carried out to assess the utilization of indigenous practices in controlling ectoparasites among small ruminant farmers in Ido Local Government Area, Ibadan, Oyo State. A multi stage sampling technique was used in selecting respondents for the study. One hundred and fifteen well- questionnaires administered to the farmers and 112 were recovered from the field. Descriptive statistics such as percentage, frequency distribution and charts were used to analyse the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents. The results showed that the age 49-60 had the highest respondents (42.2%) followed by the age group of 36-48 years (28.4%). It also showed that majority of the respondents were female (66.7%). Some indigenous practices highly utilized in the study area included; the application of wild lettuce (ewe yanrin) on the affected parts of the animal (97%), Nuclea latifolin (ewe egbesi) 97% rubbing of liquid lime (osanwewe) on the affected part (93%). Chi Square was used to measure the relationship between respondents' selected socio-economic characteristics and their utilization. The Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC) was used to measure the relationship between respondents, constraints (r=0.194, p=0.050), benefit (r=0.201, p0.043). Some of the constraints identified in the study area included inadequate useful information from extension agents, extinction of materials used and non-documentation of the leaves used while some of the benefits of the leaves includes ease of administration of the leaves, low cost of the leave, and accessibility were some of the benefit derive.
Growth, haematology and serum biochemistry of albino rat fed diet containing raw and thermally processed Loofah Gourd (Luffa cylindrica Roem) seed meals
Authors: Onigemo M. A. , Dairo F. A. S. , Oso Y. A. A. , Onigemo H. A.
Published: February 2021

The competition for food and feed arising from scarcity of conventional livestock feedstuff has resulted into search for novel feedstuff that is currently not being utilized as food by man. Thus, the present study was carried out to evaluate the nutritional potential of thermally processed loofah gourds seed in rats was evaluated in a 21-day completely randomized design feeding trials. Forty-eight Wistar strain male albino rats of 46.57±0.55g were allotted to four dietary treatments (T1–raw, T2–boiled, T3–cooked and T4–toasted) loofah gourd seed meal (LGSM) with three replicates each. Data collected included feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and carcass characteristics. Haematological and serological variables were determined using standard laboratory procedures. Results revealed that thermal processing significantly (P<0.05) reduced FI by 9–13%. Rats fed toasted LGSM had significantly (P<0.05) highest (7.55) weight gain and best (2.31) FCR while rats fed cooked LGSM had significantly (P<0.05) lowest (4.58) WG and worst (3.96) FCR. Dressing percentage, kidney and abdominal fat and serum biochemistry indices were significantly (P<0.05) affected by thermal processing. The study showed that thermal processing of LGSM enhanced growth performance and had no adverse effect on the haematology and serum biochemistry of albino rats.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI DESA ONGKO KECAMATAN MAIWA KABUPATEN ENREKANG
Authors: Dema Herman , Astinah Andi , Yusmaeni Yusmaeni
Published: February 2021

Abstract

The Effect of Community Participation on Human Resource Development in Ongko Village, Maiwa District, Enrekang Regency. Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang University. The aim of this study; 1) to find out community participation in Ongko Village,2) to know the development of Human Resources in Ongko Village, 3) to determine the effect of community participation on Human Resource Development in Ongko Village,  The research location was Ongko Village, The study was conducted for two months, starting March-May 2019. The population in this study was 267 families. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling technique and uses the Slovin formula so that the sample in this study amounted to 73 households. Data collection techniques using observation, questionnaires, interviews and literature studies. Quantitative data analysis techniques used are frequency tabulation analysis and simple regression analysis. The results showed that; 1) results of community participation of 70% included in the category of "good", 2) results of the development of Human Resources amounting to 76.8% which included the category of "good", 3) the effect of community participation on the development of Human Resources in Ongko Vilage  is significant where the value of t arithmetic = 6,750> t table = 2,646 with a significance value of 0,000 <0.05. It can be said that the better the community participation, the more the development of Human Resources in Ongko Village, so that Ho is rejected H1 accepted.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN TENAGA KERJA BERDASARKAN BEBAN KERJA DENGAN METODE WORKLOAD INDICATOR OF STAFFING NEED (WISN) DI UNIT REKAM MEDIS RUMAH SAKIT RAFFLESIA BENGKUL
Authors: Heltiani Nofri
Published: February 2021

Beban kerja merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam menghitung kebutuhan tenaga. Artinya jumlah tenaga yang dibutuhkan disesuaikan dengan beban kerja yang ada. Metode Workload Indicator of Staffing Need (WISN) adalah metode untuk menghitung kebutuhan tenaga kerja berdasarkan beban kerja nyata yang dilaksanakan oleh tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan tenaga dengan metode WISN. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Unit Rekam Medis Rs Rafflesia Bengkulu selama 6 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakn pendekatan kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi, wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian didapatkan penggunaan waktu kerja staff adalah 2200 jam/tahun. Hasil perhitungan tenaga dengan metode WISN didapatkan jumlah tenaga Unit Rekam Medis RS Rafflesia Bengkulu adalah 6 orang. Dari hasil penelitian ini dsarankan kepada Manajemen RS Rafflesia Bengkulu perlu adanya pertimbangan menambah tenaga staff dengan lulusan DIII Rekam Medis di Unit Rekam Medis RS Rafflesia Bengkulu sebanyak 4 orang.
Gambaran Ketidaklengkapan Pengisian Lembar Informed Consent (CM 8) Tindakan Operasi di RSUD Dr.M.Yunus Bengkulu
Authors: Djusmalinar Djusmalinar
Published: February 2021

Penjelasan dalam Informed consent dicatat dan didokumentasikan dalam berkas rekam medis oleh dokter. Kelengkapan data lembar Informed consent sangat penting karena dapat mempengaruhi aspek hukum rekam medis dan mutu rekam medis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketidaklengkapan pengisian lembar informed consent (CM 8) tindakan Operasi pada item variabel (Identifiikasi, Laporan penting dan Autentifikasi) di RSUD dr.M.Yunus Bengkulu Tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif, melalui pendekatan cross sectional yaitu melihat kondisi pada saat pelaksanaan penelitian, yang dapat dilakukan sewaktu-waktu. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu berkas rekam medis pasien pada lembar informed consent (CM 8) 10 besar tindakan operasi tahun 2016 yaitu 1022 berkas. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 91 lembar informed consent pada berkas rekam medis. Jenis data penelitian ini yaitu data primer, data dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa, dari 91 lembar Informed Consent (IC) yang diobservasi, 100% lembar IC (CM 8) tindakan operasi tidak terisi lengkap. Persentase tertinggi lembar IC yang tidak lengkap pada item No.KTP (100%) dan pada item Jenis Kelamin (25%); persentase tertinggi lembar IC yang tidak lengkap pada item dasar diagnosis (45%); item alternative dan resiko (44%) dan perkiraan biaya (100%), persentase tertinggi lembar IC yang tidak lengkap yaitu pada lembar item TTD saksi rumah sakit 67% dan nama terang saksi rumah sakit 70%. Diharapkan RSUD dr. M. Yunus, membuat laporan KLPCM (Ketidaklengkapan Pengisian Catatan Medis) sebagai dasar untuk evaluasi kinerja petugas yang bertanggung jawab terhadap kelengkapan pengisian rekam medis.
Gambaran Faktor – Faktor Keterlambatan Waktu Penyediaan Berkas Rekam Medis Poliklinik Jantung Di Rumah Sakit Rafflesia Kota Bengkulu Tahun 2017
Authors: Oktavia Nova
Published: February 2021

Berdasarkan observasi secara langsung di unit rekam medis (RM) Rumah Sakit Rafflesia Bengkulu pada proses penyediaan berkas rekam medis (BRM) untuk pasien rawat jalan poliklinik jantung dari 10 BRM yang diamati terdapat 8 BRM yang melebihi standar waktu penyediaan yaitu 10 menit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor – faktor keterlambatan waktu penyediaan BRM poliklinik jantung diRumah Sakit Rafflesia Kota Bengkulu Tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Observasional Deskriptif dengan rancangan Cross-Sectional, Populasi dalam penelitian yaitu 10 petugas RM yang melayani pasien rawat jalan dan BRM yang disediakan oleh petugas rawat jalan, sampel sebanyak 105 BRM poliklinik jantung dengan teknik pengambilan Non Probality sampling dengan jenis Consecutive sampling. Menggunakan data primer, diolah secara univariat. Penelitian dilaksankan bulan Juli Tahun 2017 di Rumah Sakit Rafflesia Kota Bengkulu, bertempat dipendaftaran pasien rawat jalan. Hasil analisa univariat, dari 10 petugas RM rawat jalan hanya satu berpendidikan  D III Rekam Medis dan mayoritas masa kerja petugasnya ≤ 5 tahun, pada saat pengambilan BRM di ruangan filing, dari 105 BRM mayoritas berkas sulit ditemui pada rak penyimpanan yaitu 62    (59,1 %)  BRM dan 105 BRM 62 (59,1%) berkas lambat disediakan oleh petugas rawat jalan. Diharapkan penambahan SDM lulusan D III RM dan petugas Non RM diikuti pelatihan atau seminar, Sebaiknya ada tanda petunjuk untuk berkas keluar (outguide/tracer).
PERAN ORANG TUA DAN BUD AYA PEMENUHAN GIZI PADA CAPAIAN TUMBUH KEMBANG BALITA
Authors: Iskandar Siska
Published: February 2021

Anak merupakan individu yang berada dalam suatu rentang perubahan perkembangan yang dimulai dari bayihingga remaja. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan adalah bertambahnya kemampuan dalam struktur dan fungsitubuh yang lebih kompleks dalam pola yang teratur dan dapat diramalkan sebagai hasil dari proses kematangan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara peran orang tua dan budaya pemenuhan gizi balitadalam capaian pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif denganmenggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode accidental sampling. Hasilpenelitian ditemukan dari 30 orang responden, sebanyak 18 responden memiliki peran orang tua “baik”, 19orang memiliki budaya pemenuhan gizi “baik” dan 20 orang responden dengan kategori capaian tumbuhkembang “sesuai usia”. Hasil analisa data ditemukan adanya hubungan antara peran orang tua dalam capaiantumbuh kembang (p value = 0,002), terdapat hubungan antara budaya pemenuhan gizi dalam capaianpertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita (p value = 0,004). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwaterdapat hubungan antara peran orang tua dan budaya pemenuhan gizi dalam capaian pertumbuhan danperkembangan balita.
LAMA MENDERITA ULKUS DENGAN DISTRESS DAN DEPRESI PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: K W Maulidta
Published: February 2021

DM (Diabetes Mellitus) atau kencing manis merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit kronis, dimanakejadiannya semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Adanya kekhawatiran berlebih apabilapenyakit yang diderita ternyata tidak kunjung sembuh menjadi faktor timbulnya distress dandepresi pada pasien diabetes mellitus. Lama sakit yang dialami pasien DM ditambah denganadanya komplikasi ulkus diabetikum terjadinya penurunan kualitas kesehatan pasien DM.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara lama sakit dan adanya ulkusdiabetikum dengan tingkat distress dan depresi pada pasien diabetes melitus di RSUD K.R.M.TWongsonegoro. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif korelatif,dimana peneliti berusaha hubungan lama sakit dan adanya ulkus dengan tingkat distress dandepresi DM dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pasien penderitadiabetes mellitus di RSUD K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 32 pasien yangdiperoleh denganteknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakankuesioner dananalisis data penelitian menggunakan uji korelasi product moment.Kesimpulanpenelitian adalah lama sakit pasien sebagian besar lebih dari 10 tahun, tingkatdistress pasien sebagian besar adalah ringan, sedangkan komponen distress yang paling dominantterhadap timbulnya distres pasien adalah beban emosi dan respon terhadap tenaga kesehatan, danterdapat hubungan antara lama sakit dan adanya ulkus dengan tingkat distress dan depresi padapasien diabetes mellitus di RSUD K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DENGANKELENGKAPAN IMUNISASI DASAR DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SINDANG BELITIR ILIR
Authors: Sazarni Ratiyun Rafidaini
Published: February 2021

Program imunisasi adalah bagian dari pelayanan kesehatan dasar. Bayi mendapatkan imunisasi atautidak pada dasarnya tergantung dari pengetahuan ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajarihubungan pengetahuan ibu dengan kelengkapan imunisasidasar di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas SindangBelitir Ilir Kabupaten Rejang Lebong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desainsurvey analitik yang menggunakan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitianadalah ibu yang memiliki bayi berusia 9-12 bulan.Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan teknikaccidental sampling sebanyak 61 orang. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Chi-Square dengan α=0,05.Hasil uji statistik Pearson Chi-Square diperoleh nila p=0,001<0,05 jadi signifikan, sehinggadisimpulkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu dengan kelengkapanimunisasi dasar bayi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sindang Belitir Ilir Rejang Lebong. Diharapkankepada pihak Puskesmas untuk mengoptimalkan pendekatan dan promosi yang lebih tepat lagi untukmencapai target program kelengkapan imunisasi dasar.
Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by Intervention Forces in Central African Republic
Authors: Mwanyika Elijah Mwasi
Published: February 2021

Sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) continues to undermine UN operations thereby affecting the efficacy of these interventions. This study investigating the extent of “allegations of SEA by intervention force with reference to UN intervention in contemporary African conflicts: A Case of Central Africa Republic (CAR).” This was a library-based research that relied on secondary data. Data was obtained from books, e-books, journals, UN publications and websites. The collected data was analysed thematically so as to establish the extent of allegations of sea by intervention force in CAR. The findings show that UN interventions force in CAR is faced with a myriad of challenges that affect its mandate execution. Much as there has been some positive output in MINUSCA operations, these successes have been shadowed by some of these challenges. SEA has been widespread in Central African Republic, though some of the allegations date before the UN intervention, the wide perception of the populace is that the UN forces are to blame. From the study it can also be concluded that the UN has its hands tied and has not been able to effectively enforce investigations by the TCCs since this a responsibility of the T/PCCs. Given the fact that the UN always faces a challenge of raising troops for PKOs it does not want to lose this ability further by blacklisting TCCs who fail to complete such investigations and punish the offenders. The system wide measures put in place in support of the ‘Zero tolerance” policy has not been effective. Since the study has established that SEA is a real challenge facing PKOs, there should also be effort to make sure that each country takes direct responsibility for the crimes perpetuated by their contingents and failure to complete investigations and conclude such cases should be enforced by strict penalties including banning from participation in PKOs.
Improving regional air quality predictions in the Indo-Gangetic Plain – case study of an intensive pollution episode in November 2017
Authors: Roozitalab Behrooz , Carmichael Gregory R. , Guttikunda Sarath K.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) experienced an intensive air
pollution episode during November 2017. Weather Research and Forecasting
model coupled to Chemistry (WRF-Chem), a coupled meteorology–chemistry model, was
used to simulate this episode. In order to capture PM2.5 peaks, we
modified input chemical boundary conditions and biomass burning emissions.
The Community Atmosphere Model with Chemistry (CAM-chem) and Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) global models provided gaseous and aerosol chemical
boundary conditions, respectively. We also incorporated Visible Infrared
Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) active fire
points to fill in missing fire emissions in the Fire INventory from NCAR (FINN) and scaled by a factor of
7 for an 8 d period. Evaluations against various observations
indicated the model captured the temporal trend very well although missed
the peaks on 7, 8, and 10 November. Modeled aerosol
composition in Delhi showed secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs) and secondary
organic aerosols (SOAs) comprised 30 % and 27 % of total PM2.5 concentration, respectively, during November, with a modeled OC/BC ratio
of 2.72. Back trajectories showed agricultural fires in Punjab were the
major source for extremely polluted days in Delhi. Furthermore, high
concentrations above the boundary layers in vertical profiles suggested
either the plume rise in the model released the emissions too high or the
model did not mix the smoke down fast enough. Results also showed long-range-transported dust did not affect Delhi's air quality during the episode.
Spatial plots showed averaged aerosol optical depth (AOD) of 0.58 (±0.4) over November. The model AODs were biased high over central India and
low over the eastern IGP, indicating improving emissions in the eastern IGP can
significantly improve the air quality predictions. We also found high ozone
concentrations over the domain, which indicates ozone should be considered
in future air quality management strategies alongside particulate matter.
Estimation of the height of the turbulent mixing layer from data of Doppler lidar measurements using conical scanning by a probe beam
Authors: Banakh Viktor A. , Smalikho Igor N. , Falits Andrey V.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. A method is proposed for determining the height of the
turbulent mixing layer on the basis of the vertical profiles of the
dissipation rate of turbulent energy, which is estimated from lidar
measurements of the radial wind velocity using conical scanning by a probe
beam around the vertical axis. The accuracy of the proposed method is
discussed in detail. It is shown that for the estimation of the mixing layer
height (MLH) with the acceptable relative error not exceeding 20 %, the
signal-to-noise ratio should be no less than −16 dB, when the relative error
of lidar estimation of the dissipation rate does not exceed 30 %. The
method was tested in a 6 d experiment in which the wind velocity
turbulence was estimated in smog conditions due to forest fires in Siberia
in summer 2019. The results of the experiment reveal that the relative error
of determination of the MLH time series obtained by this method does not
exceed 10 % in the period of turbulence development. The estimates of the
turbulent mixing layer height by the proposed method are in a qualitative
agreement with the MLH estimated from the distributions of the Richardson
number in height and time obtained during the comparison experiment in
spring 2020.
Wireline distributed acoustic sensing allows 4.2 km deep vertical seismic profiling of the Rotliegend 150 °C geothermal reservoir in the North German Basin
Authors: Henninges Jan , Martuganova Evgeniia , Stiller Manfred , Norden Ben , Krawczyk Charlotte M.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. We performed so-far-unprecedented deep wireline vertical
seismic profiling at the Groß Schönebeck site with the novel method
of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) to gain more detailed information on
the structural setting and geometry of the geothermal reservoir, which is
comprised of volcanic rocks and sediments of Lower Permian age. During the
survey of 4 d only, we acquired data for 61 source positions using
hybrid wireline fiber-optic sensor cables deployed in two 4.3 km deep,
already existing wells. While most of the recorded data have a very good
signal-to-noise ratio, individual sections of the profiles are affected by
characteristic coherent noise patterns. This ringing noise results from
incomplete coupling of the sensor cable to the borehole wall, and it can be
suppressed to a large extent using suitable filtering methods. After
conversion to strain rate, the DAS data exhibit a high similarity to the
vertical component data of a conventional borehole geophone. We derived
accurate time–depth relationships, interval velocities, and corridor stacks
from the recorded data. Based on integration with other well data and
geological information, we show that the top of a porous and permeable
sandstone interval of the geothermal reservoir can be identified by a
positive reflection event. Overall, the sequence of reflection events shows
a different character for both wells explained by lateral changes in
lithology. The top of the volcanic rocks has a somewhat different seismic
response in both wells, and no clear reflection event is obvious at the
postulated base of the volcanic rocks, so that their thickness cannot be
inferred from individual reflection events in the seismic data alone. The
DAS method enabled measurements at elevated temperatures up to 150 ∘C over extended periods and led to significant time and cost
savings compared to deployment of a conventional borehole geophone string.
This wireline approach finally suggests significant implications for
observation options in old wells for a variety of purposes.
The 32-year record-high surface melt in 2019/2020 on the northern George VI Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Banwell Alison F. , Datta Rajashree Tri , Dell Rebecca L. , Moussavi Mahsa , Brucker Ludovic , Picard Ghislain , Shuman Christopher A. , Stevens Laura A.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. In the 2019/2020 austral summer, the surface melt duration and
extent on the northern George VI Ice Shelf (GVIIS) was exceptional compared
to the 31 previous summers of distinctly lower melt. This finding is based
on analysis of near-continuous 41-year satellite microwave radiometer and
scatterometer data, which are sensitive to meltwater on the ice shelf
surface and in the near-surface snow. Using optical satellite imagery from
Landsat 8 (2013 to 2020) and Sentinel-2 (2017 to 2020), record volumes of
surface meltwater ponding were also observed on the northern GVIIS in
2019/2020, with 23 % of the surface area covered by 0.62 km3 of ponded meltwater on 19 January. These exceptional melt and
surface ponding conditions in 2019/2020 were driven by sustained air
temperatures ≥0 ∘C for anomalously long periods (55 to 90 h)
from late November onwards, which limited meltwater refreezing.
The sustained warm periods were likely driven by warm, low-speed (≤7.5 m s−1) northwesterly and northeasterly winds and not by foehn wind
conditions, which were only present for 9 h total in the 2019/2020 melt
season. Increased surface ponding on ice shelves may threaten their
stability through increased potential for hydrofracture initiation; a risk
that may increase due to firn air content depletion in response to
near-surface melting.
As cartas de Diógenes de Sinope: Grupo 1
Authors: Borges George Felipe Bernardes Barbosa
Published: February 2021

Esta tradução, do inglês para o português contempla as cartas de Diógenes de Sinope. Por muito tempo se acreditou que algumas cartas com conteúdo referente à escola cínica eram, de fato, pertencentes a Diógenes de Sinope (404-323 a.C), seu mais famoso precursor. No entanto depois de estudos mais aprofundados, autores como Boissonade, Macks e Capelle concluíram que as 51 cartas, que em tese seriam de Diógenes, são apócrifas.Capelle conclui que as 51 cartas são de autores e de diferentes posições filosóficas. Para citar algumas diferenças que ele observou: algumas cartas eram anedóticas enquanto outras não; algumas eram apenas saudações, outras continham insultos e exortações. E assim as dividiu em quatro grupos, partindo de três critérios – estilo, conteúdo e tendência.Todavia, o fato das cartas serem apócrifas não retira a importância e a centralidade delas no estudo da filosofia cínica. É de conhecimento comum no meio filosófico que a escola de Diógenes não elaborou nenhuma teoria de forma sistemática. A reconstrução que fazemos da escola se dá por meio dos relatos, principalmente os de Diógenes de Laercio na sua obra Vida e Doutrina dos Filósofos Ilustres. As cartas, contendo relatos e algumas posições filosóficas, mesmo não sendo escritas de próprio punho de Diógenes ainda sim foram e são valiosas para a difusão e a compreensão do que foi o cinismo e de quem foi Diógenes, o Cão.A seguinte tradução tem o enfoque no grupo 1: “são cartas que contém conteúdo anedótico e estilo não retórico” (MALHERBE, p.14, 2006, tradução nossa).