bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nano Silver Remineralization and Aesthetic Effect on Artificial White Spot Lesions: an in vitro study
Authors: Wael Hadeer , hegazy salwa , Ibrahim Rasha
Published: January 2023

Background : Evaluating the remineralization potential on artificial enamel caries of three different dentifrices containing , Casein Phospho peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) , Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF), and Sodium Fluoride (NaF), in comparison to Artificial Saliva ( ASS).
Methods : A standrardized demineralization protocol was used on sound extracted human premolars ( n=80) in order to create artificial carious – like lesions. Premolars were sectioned longitudinally . According to the type of treatment group , the teeth were randomly allocated into four equally sized groups (n=20) . Group A , was treated with Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) ; Group B , was treated with Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) ; and Group C , was treated with Sodium Fluoride (NaF) ; group D , was treated with Artificial Saliva ( ASS ) , as control group . The specimens were then subjected to standardized pH cycling regime for 21 days. The( Diagnodent laser ) test was utilized to record the mineral profile in all groups ;the ( Spectrophotometer) test was used to evaluate the aesthetic effect of remineralizing agents , as well .the assessment was done in three stages ; (Baseline stage), (Lesion –creation stage) , and( after –remineralization stage) finally .The data were statistically analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance ( ANOVA) and Turkey’s post –hoc multiple comparison tests at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF): Group B significantly increased the mineral profile and aesthetic appearance after artificial carious- like creation stage . As well as, Group B : Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) reported the highest percentage change in mineral profile values and aesthetic appearance followed closely by Group A :Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) , and Group C: Sodium Fluoride (NaF) ; respectively the most predominant failure was in control group .
Conclusion Within this in-vitro study ; Nano Silver Fluoride( NSF) , and Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate( CPP-ACP )containing dentifrice were effective in remineralizing lesions of enamel , as well as improving the aesthetic appearance . However, Sodium Fluoride (NaF) demonstrated less remineralization potential in comparison to dentifrices containing Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) , and Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP).
Investigation of fractographic study and fracture toughness in mode II of curved composites based on nano-silica/glass fiber thermoset matrix
Authors: Aslani Amir , Chamkouri Hossein
Published: January 2023

Increasing the qualities of composite materials that are connected to interlaminar fracture toughness and, as a result, delamination, is one of their greatest issues. The composite system demonstrated in this work is based on a curved glass fiber/nanosilica/epoxy resin samples with different precracked lengths from 30 mm to 60 mm and was created as a competitive alternative to the composites that are typically based on curved resin sanmpls in different industries such as areospace. Both composites were created using hand lay-up methods on a curved mold and 0/90 plain weave glass fiber fabric. Comparing the hybrid composites to glass fiber/epoxy composites, interlaminar fracture resistance was 30% higher in the hybrid composites. Because they have a propensity to absorb the energy associated with crack propagation in the form of plastic deformation, these materials have achieved exceptional performance in their resistance to crack propagation. As an additional tool for the mechanical characterization, the laminate's unidentified fractographic characteristics were utilized. In this case, the presence of morphological characteristics of pure Mode II shear failure was demonstrated, which are characterized by a failure directly in the surface fiber/matrix zones and shear edges that are comparable to the underlying determinant already demonstrated in epoxy resin matrices. Keywords: delamination, fractographic, deformation, mode II
The Event Related Potential Profiling of Consonants and Vowels Across Rule Learning Task Through Auditory Stimuli
Authors: KACHHAWA MINAL , Kumar Umesh , Patel Bhoopendra , Choudhary Ramesh Chand , Ganwani Dashrath , Dube Amitabh
Published: January 2023

The hypotheses that “consonants are preferentially used during lexical access” and “vowels trigger a response associated with learning rules of abstraction during the neural processing of language in a rule learning task” were evaluated and assessed by analysing patterned Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) [of early component(P50), mismatched negativity (MMN) and N400 waveforms] on presentation of trisyllabic auditory non-sense word stimuli of three consonant-vowel transitions (CVCVCV) rule in an oddball paradigm. The three stimuli engaged in the present study included standard stimuli of ABB rule (applicable on vowels in vowel condition and on consonants in consonant condition) and two deviant stimuli types were constructed of novel phonemes namely, phoneme deviant with same ABB rule but different phonemes and rule deviant of ABA exemplar along with different phonemes. The ERP response triggered by violation of rule implemented over consonants (across phoneme and rule deviant stimuli archetypal linguistics constructions) exhibited significant change in ERP profiling in amplitude and latency, when evaluated comparatively with that of standard stimuli and vowel condition generated significant ERP changes in both amplitude and latency only on rule deviant epitome (vis-à-vis standard stimuli). Such a selective and differential neural dynamical response in ERP profiles posits the fundamental underpinnings of unitary primal signatural constituents of neurolinguistics namely, vowels and consonants, with vowels initiating the process of abstraction of principle rule associated with neural processing of language and consonants commencing the process of lexicon access.
Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of amino-functionalized Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 magnetic β- cyclodextrin nanocarrier for controlled release of doxorubicin anticancer drug
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Hossein , Jahanbakhsh Ziba , Masoumi Bakhshali , Hooshangi Vahid
Published: January 2023

β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as cyclic oligosaccharide can be widely employed for preparation of controlled delivery of drugs. Hence, we synthesized a novel β-CD-based nanocarrier with superparamagnetic and molecular recognition properties for controlled release of doxorubicin (DOX) drug. The nanocarrier was prepared by using a facile ultrasonic-assisted method and through surface reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles onto vinylated β-CD. The spherical amino-functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 nanomaterials were synthesized easily by a co-condensation green process of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and (3-Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTES). The structure and composition of the as-prepared drug delivery nanocomposites were studied by FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD, and VSM. Then, the loading and releasing behaviors of DOX drug have been investigated in detail. First of all, the loading of DOX was confirmed by UV-Vis spectra and SEM and TEM images of drug-loaded samples. The results also exhibited that the drug loading efficiency is found to be dependent on initial drug concentration, β-CD content and temperature. The drug loading capacity of nanocarrier was also compared with pure β-CD. Moreover, it was revealed that in vitro release rate of DOX was dependent on physiological solution pH. Finally, the drug release kinetics data were well fitted to the Higuchi model. In addition, biological characterizations were tested by MTT assay, which approved the high performance of the nanocarriers in killing cancerous cells. Due to its unique and distinct advantageous and properties, the synthesized nanocarriers can be utilized as a potential and promising biodegradable drug carrier for controlled and sustained release of various drugs.
scMINER: a mutual information-based framework for identifying hidden drivers from single-cell omics data
Authors: Yu Jiyang , Ding Liang , Shi Hao , Qian Chenxi , Burdyshaw Chad , Veloso Joao , Khatamian Alireza , Pan Qingfei , Dhungana Yogesh , Xie Zhen , Risch Isabel , Yang Xu , Huang Xin , Yan Lei , Rusch Michael , Brewer Michael , Yan Koon-Kiu , Chi Hongbo
Published: January 2023

The sparse nature of single-cell omics data makes it challenging to dissect the wiring and rewiring of the transcriptional and signaling drivers that regulate cellular states. Many of the drivers, referred to as "hidden drivers", are difficult to identify via conventional expression analysis due to low expression and inconsistency between RNA and protein activity caused by post-translational and other modifications. To address this issue, we developed scMINER, a mutual information (MI)-based computational framework for unsupervised clustering analysis and cell-type specific inference of intracellular networks, hidden drivers and network rewiring from single-cell RNA-seq data. We designed scMINER to capture nonlinear cell-cell and gene-gene relationships and infer driver activities. Systematic benchmarking showed that scMINER outperforms popular single-cell clustering algorithms, especially in distinguishing similar cell types. With respect to network inference, scMINER does not rely on the binding motifs which are available for a limited set of transcription factors, therefore scMINER can provide quantitative activity assessment for more than 6,000 transcription and signaling drivers from a scRNA-seq experiment. As demonstrations, we used scMINER to expose hidden transcription and signaling drivers and dissect their regulon rewiring in immune cell heterogeneity, lineage differentiation, and tissue specification. Overall, activity-based scMINER is a widely applicable, highly accurate, reproducible and scalable method for inferring cellular transcriptional and signaling networks in each cell state from scRNA-seq data.
The scMINER software is publicly accessible via: https://github.com/jyyulab/scMINER.
G protein-coupled receptor 17 is regulated by WNT pathway during oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation
Authors: Boccazzi Marta , Macchiarulo Giulia , Lebon Sophie , Janowska Justyna , Charpentier Tifenn Le , Faivre Valérie , Hua Jennifer , Marangon Davide , Lecca Davide , Fumagalli Marta , Mani Shyamala , Abbracchio Maria P , Gressens Pierre , Schang Anne-Laure , Steenwinckel Juliette Van
Published: January 2023

G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) and the WNT pathway are critical players of oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation acting as essential timers in developing brain to achieve fully-myelinating cells. However, whether and how these two systems are related to each under is still unknown. Of interest, both factors are dysregulated in developing and adult brain diseases, including demyelination disorders and cancer, making the understanding of their reciprocal interactions of potential importance for identifying new targets and strategies for myelin repair. Here, we examined regulatory mechanisms linking WNT signalling to GPR17 expression in OLs. We analyzed the relative expressions of mRNAs encoding GPR17 and the T cell factor/Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 (TCF/LEF) transcription factors of the canonical WNT/b-CATENIN pathway in both PDGFRa+ and O4+ OLs during mouse post-natal development. In O4+ cells, Gpr17mRNA level peaked at post-natal day 14 and then decreased concomitantly to the physiological uprise of WNT tone, as shown by increasedLef1 mRNA level. The link between WNT signaling and GPR17 expression was further reinforced in vitro in primary PDGFRa+ cells and in the Oli-neu cell line. High WNT tone impaired OL differentiation and drastically reduced GPR17 mRNA and protein levels. In Oli-neu cells, we demonstrated that WNT/b-CATENIN activation represses Gpr17 promoter activity through both putative WNT response elements (WRE) and upregulation of the inhibitor of DNA-binding protein 2 (Id2). We conclude that WNT pathway influences oligodendrocyte maturation by repressing GPR17 which could have implications in pathologies characterized by dysregulations of the oligodendroglial lineage including multiple sclerosis and oligodendroglioma.
Magnitude and predictors of pre-referral treatment by Community Health Workers practicing in Rural South Western Uganda: A cross sectional study
Authors: Matte Michael , Ntaro Moses , Kenney Jessica , Wesuta Andrew Christopher , Kawungezi Peter Chris , Bwambale Shem , Ayebare David , Baguma Stephen , Bagenda Fred , Stone Geren , Mulogo Edgar Mugema
Published: January 2023

Background
Pre-referral treatment is critical for management of childhood illnesses. Under iCCM strategy, community health workers (CHWs) give pre-referral treatment to children under five years of age with danger signs. The study examined the magnitude and predictors of pre-referral treatment in a rural setting.
Methods
A retrospective study premised on secondary data reviewed was conducted in 2022. The data reviewed was based on CHWs records March 2014 to December 2018. A total of 1,086 child records that were referred by the CHWs were included in the anlysis.
Results
The mean age of children reviewed was 24.5 months (SD ± 17). Of these, one hundred twenty five (12%) received pre-referral treatment. Children presenting with RDT positive results (aOR = 2.9, 95%CI: 1.6-5.0), diarrhea (aOR = 3.8, 95%CI: 2.0-7.1), fast breathing (aOR = 2.3, 95%CI: 1.3-4.0) and danger signs (aOR = 5.6, 95%CI: 3.1–10.1) were more likely to receive pre-referral treatment.
Conclusion
The proportion of children that received pre-referral treatment among those who were referred was low. Receipt of pre-referral treatment was associated with having a sign danger sign, a positive RDT result, diarrhea and pneumonia.
Meta-Analysis of Antifungal Resistance Pattern in Aspergillus Species
Authors: Mianrood Ibrahim Bahrami , Ahmadian Maryam , Farjami Mohammad , Gharabagh Farid Javandoust , Khodavaisy Sadegh , Darazam Ilad Alavi
Published: January 2023

Backgrounds and Objectives: Aspergillus infection has several manifestations from non-invasive aspergillosis to invasive pulmonary and cerebral aspergillosis. Prophylaxis and treatment regimens for aspergillosis are limited to triazoles, echinocandins, and polyenes, each with different efficacy, complications, and resistance patterns. Drug selection presents challenges, including differences in resistance rates, drug interactions, and concerns about side effects with long-term use. Aspergillus resistance to antifungal agents is an international concern and shows an increasing trend. Each region worldwide has a resistance pattern affecting prevention and treatment regimens. Therefore, we examined the susceptibility rates of Aspergillus species to different antifungal drugs and their gene mutation rates in Iran.
Methods: This meta-analysis started with a systematic search that was reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-analyses (PRISMA), yielding 1631 articles, of which 29 articles were included. Resistance rates were extracted, and a meta-analysis was done on 18 species-drug pairs.
Results: Pooled resistance rate of Aspergillus fumigatus was 1.39% to amphotericin B, 17.77% to itraconazole, 2.63% to posaconazole, and 9.17% to voriconazole. For Aspergillus flavus it was 2.43% to amphotericin B, 7.64% to caspofungin, 3.60% to itraconazole, 1.48% to posaconazole, and 1.443% to voriconazole.
Conclusion: Our meta-analysis showed that amphotericin B has superior effects on aspergillosis caused by A. fumigatus isolated from patients with unknown minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). The next most effective drugs are posaconazole and voriconazole, respectively. For the same problem in A.flavus, our analysis suggests voriconazole, posaconazole, and amphotericin B, respectively. This study also points to increased azole resistance, which should be of concern in clinical practice.
How did the Policies of Explosive Transportation on Roads Comply with the Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) in Türkiye? A DEMATEL Method Evaluation of ADR Practicability
Authors: ÖZGÜNER Zeynep , SEYHAN Ercan , KESER Ahmet
Published: January 2023

The study’s main objective is to determine the critical factors in the transportation of explosives. In this study, the “Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL)” method is applied as one of the multi-criteria decision-making techniques. A direct relationship matrix is created based on the knowledge of 9 experts. The answers provided by these experts were used in determining important criteria in explosives transportation. The main influencing factor is determined as the recognition/awareness of the Procedures and Policies, especially by the shipping country. The second influencing factor is determined as the supply of adequate and appropriate equipment and tools. When the applicability of explosive transport is examined according to the weights of the factors affected by the process, it is seen that the most affected factor is optimum efficiency. Therefore, ensuring optimum process efficiency is of high importance to protecting public health, human life, and the environment.
A First Genome Survey and Microsatellite Motif Identification of Taihangia rupestris
Authors: Song Lin-lin , Chen Hong-zhi , Zhou Bao-ying , Meng Li
Published: January 2023

Background:Taihangia rupestris is a perennial herb on the China species red list that is growing on the cliffs of Taihang Mountain in China. However research on the genome of T. rupestris has not been carried out, which severely restricts further research on it. The aim of this study was to conduct a first genome survey of T. rupestris and to develop SSR molecular markers of it.
Methods: The genome size and characteristics of T. rupestris were estimated by Illumina Hi-SeqXTen and K-mer analysis. We designed SSR primers in batches with Misa and Primer3, and T. rupestris from different populations were used to verify the selected primers. Finally, datas were analysised by Cervus 3.0 and GenAlex 6.5 for genetic diversity.
Results: The genome size of T. rupestris was estimated to be 976.97 Mb with a heterozygosity rate of 0.726% and a sequence repetition rate of 56.93%. The clean reads were assembled into 100973 contigs with the max length of 26073 bp and an N50 value of 2607 bp. Based on the genome data of T. rupestris, a total of 805600 SSR markers were identified and 72769 pairs of primers were designed. In the present study, 100 primers were used to verify that 82 primers were successfully amplified.
Conclusion: In general, the genome of T. rupestris is difficult to assemble genome with micro-heterozygosity and high repetition. In this study, 15 pairs of primers with good polymorphism can effectively distinguish different populations of T. rupestris. These analyses laid a foundation for the subsequent whole genome sequencing of T. rupestris.
Prevalence of Dementia in a Level 4 Epilepsy Center: How Big Is the Problem?
Authors: Helmstaedter Christoph , Lutz Teresa , Wolf Vinzent , Witt Juri-Alexander
Published: January 2023

Background: To evaluate how prominent the currently hot issue of “epilepsy and dementia” is in the daily practice of a large level 4 epilepsy university clinic.
Methods: In this retrospective monocentric cohort study, a total of 145,501 letters of all 40,360 adult patients seen between 2003 and 2021 were screened for dementia related terms. Files with at least on hit were extracted and analyzed in regard to diagnoses, age, age at epilepsy onset, and the question of whether epilepsy preceded or followed the diagnosis of dementia.
Results: This resulted in 513 patients who had at least one hit. Of those, 12.7% respectively 6.6% definitively had or were suspected to have dementia, 4.9% had Mild Cognitive Impairment, and 6.6% other neurodegenerative conditions. Referring to all patients, a diagnosed or suspected dementia prevalence of 0.25% is indicated. An older age (>age 60), late-onset epilepsy (>age 60), but not a longer duration of epilepsy increased the odds by 6.1 and 3.1. Additionally, vascular, metabolic, inflammatory, and behavioral mood related comorbidities were common. Epilepsy preceded rather than followed the dementia diagnosis.
Conclusions: Considering an eventual selection bias and under-diagnosis because not all patients were explicitly screened for dementia, the results put the dementia issue from an epileptologist’s point of view into perspective. The prevalence of dementia in epilepsy is low. However, physicians should be aware that the risk for dementia is increased in the elderly, in late onset epilepsies, and with comorbid risk factors, and that seizures can be the early sign of a neurodegenerative disease. Future research needs to screen for dementia in epilepsy more explicitly while stratifying the patients according to the underlying pathologies and comorbidities.
Extracellular Matrix Composition Alters Endothelial Force Transmission
Authors: SubramanianBalachandar V.A. , Steward R. L.
Published: January 2023

ECM composition is important in a host of pathophysiological processes such as angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, for example and during each of these processes ECM composition has been reported to change over time. However, the impact ECM composition has on the endothelium’s ability to respond mechanically is currently unknown. Therefore, in this study we seeded human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) onto soft hydrogels coated with an ECM concentration of 0.1 mg/mL at the following collagen I (Col-I) and fibronectin (FN) ratios: 100%Col-I, 75%Col-I-25%FN, 50%Col-I-50%FN, 25%Col-I-75%FN, and 100%FN. We subsequently measured tractions, intercellular stresses, strain energy, cell morphology, and cell velocity. Our results revealed huvecs seeded on gels coated with 50% Col-I - 50% FN to have the highest intercellular stresses, tractions, strain energies, but the lowest velocities and cell circularity. Huvecs seeded on 100% Col-I had the lowest tractions, cell area while havingthe highest velocities and cell circularity. In addition, cells cultured on 25% Col-I and 75% FN had the lowest intercellular stresses, but the highest cell area. Huvecs cultured on 100% FN yielded the lowest strain energies. We believe these results will be of great importance to the cardiovascular field, biomedical field, and cell mechanics.
Summary: Study the influence of different Col-I - FN ECM compositions on endothelial cell mechanics and morphology
Iranian nurses’ attitudes towards the disclosure of patient safety incidents: a qualitative study
Authors: Irani Parichehr Sabbaghzadeh , Dehghan Mehlagha , Mehdipour Roghaieh
Published: January 2023

Background: Patient safety is the first vital step in improving quality in all health organizations. Statistics suggest that patients and officials are unaware of a large number of patient safety incidents in healthcare centers. A correct attitude towards the disclosure of patient safety incidents is effective in reporting them in hospitals. Reporting errors is fundamental to error prevention. The present study aimed to explain the concept of disclosure of patient safety incidents from the perspectives of Iranian nurses.
Materials:This qualitative content analysis study was done in 2021-2022 in Hormozgan, Iran. The aim was to explain the experiences of Iranian nurses (n = 17) using purposive sampling and semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Maximum variation sampling was considered to obtain rich information. Guba and Lincoln criteria were used to increase the study trustworthiness and rigor.Graneheim and Lundman method were used to analyze data.
Results: We extracted 443 codes, one theme, four categories, nine Subcategories. The main theme was the mental schemas of disclosure of patient safety incidents with four categories: 1- misconception of harm to the organization or a person, 2- opinions about the disclosure process and outcome, 3- opinions about behaviors, and 4- inner conflict between feelings.
Conclusion: Since an attitude towards the disclosure of patient safety incidents determines the behavior of disclosure, health officials should create a positive attitude towards disclosure in nurses and take an effective step to prevent incidents. This will improve patient safety and satisfaction, and hospital quality.
Machine Learning-based Prediction of Treatment Outcome of Patients with COVID-19 and Comorbidities: A South African Cohort Study
Authors: Daramola Olawande , Kavu Tatenda Duncan , Kotze Maritha J , Von Metzinger Jeanine , Sarumi Oluwafemi A. , Kabaso Boniface , Moser Thomas , Stroetmann Karl , Fwemba Isaac , Daramola Fisayo , Nyirenda Martha , Rensburg Susan J , Nyasulu Peter
Published: January 2023

Background: As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, various clinical intervention methods and AI methods have been employed in the detection, diagnosis, and prognosis of COVID-19 cases. However, limited instances of applying AI to the prognosis of COVID-19 cases in Africa have been reported in the literature. Thus, case studies on the application of machine learning to guide for decision-making on the treatment of COVID-19 cases in Africa are essential.
Methods: We applied three machine learning (ML) algorithms: Deep Multi-layer Perceptron (Deep MLP), Extreme Boosted Trees (XGBoost) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) for predicting the outcome of intensive care patients of COVID-19 with comorbidities in a South African hospital. We compared the performance and interpretability of the three ML models when cross-validation (CV) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied for the prognosis of COVID-19 mortality risk.
Results: We found that Deep MLP had the best overall performance when CV and SMOTE were applied without PCA (F1=0.92; AUC = 0.94), followed by SVM (F1=0.83; AUC=0.82). We found that the performance of both SVM and MLP can be enhanced through CV without PCA. XGBoost (F1= 0.81; AUC = 0.79) performed best when none of CV, PCA or SMOTE was applied. XGBoost is not affected by CV and performs worse with PCA. From the model predictions, we identified Length of stay in the hospital, Duration in ICU, Time to ICU from Admission, Days discharged or death, D-dimer (blood clotting factor), and blood pH as the six most critical variables for the prediction of mortality or survival of the COVID-19 patients. We also found other variables: Age at admission, Pf Ratio (PaO2/FiO2 ratio), TropT, Ferritin, ventilation, CRP, and Symptom of Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with the severity and fatality of COVID-19 cases.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates how ML can be applied to identify variables that have prognostic value in the treatment and management of critically ill COVID-19 patients. The findings also reveal the effect of CV and PCA when predicting clinical outcomes of COVID-19 cases
Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to Guide Implementation of Cardio-Oncology Services
Authors: Clouser Jessica Miller , McMullen Colleen A , Adu Akosua K , Wells Gretchen , Arbune Amit , Li Jing
Published: January 2023

Background:
Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the top two causes of death in Kentucky and the United States. Cardio-oncology is a rising field focused on diagnosing and preventing adverse cardiovascular outcomes in cancer patients. Interdisciplinary cardio-oncology services address the spectrum of prevention, detection, monitoring, and treatment of cancer patients at risk of cardio-toxicity and aim to improve the continuum of cardiac care for oncology patients.
Objectives:
The goal of this study was to engage clinician and administrative stakeholders at an academic medical center to assess multilevel needs, barriers, and expectations regarding cardio oncology services.
Methods:
We interviewed clinicians and administrators at an academic medical center using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to understand multilevel determinants influencing cardio-oncology service implementation. We also conducted a web-based survey to assess the knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of cardio-oncology services held by local and regional clinicians who may refer cardio-oncology patients to the study site.
Results:
Multiple facilitators to cardio-oncology service implementation emerged. Interview participants believed cardio-oncology services could benefit patients and the organization by providing a competitive advantage. A majority (74%) of clinicians surveyed thought a cardio-oncology service would significantly improve cancer patients’ prognoses. Implementation barriers frequently discussed included costs and a siloed organizational structure that complicated cross-service collaboration. In the clinician survey, we found differences in the views toward cardio-oncology services held by cardiology versus oncology providers that would need to be negotiated in future cardio-oncology service development. For example, while most providers accepted similar risk of cardio-toxicity when consenting patients for cancer therapy in a curative setting (68.8% accepted 1–5% risk; 15.6% accepted < 1% risk), cardiologists accepted significantly higher levels of risk than oncologists in an incurable setting: 75% of oncologists accepted 1–5% risk; 77% of cardiologists accepted ≥ 5% risk).
Conclusions:
Participants from administrative and clinical, cardiology and oncology backgrounds supported implementation and development of cardio-oncology services. Nonetheless, respondents also noted multi-level barriers that could be addressed to maximize the potential for success. Engaging administrators and clinicians from cardiology and oncology disciplines in the future development of such services can help ensure maximal relevance and uptake.
Referred molecular testing as a barrier to optimal treatment decision making in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: experience at a tertiary academic institution in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Grafham Grace K , Craddock Kenneth J , Huang Weei-Yuarn , Louie Alexander V , Zhang Liying , Hwang David M , Parmar Ambica
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Molecular testing is critical to guiding treatment decisions in vulnerable patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC), with testing delays associated with prolonged treatment times and higher mortality. Here, we evaluated the time from initial mNSCLC diagnosis to treatment decision (TTD) following implementation of in-house EGFR, ALK, and PD-L1 testing at our institution.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 165 patients (send-out testing, n=92; in-house testing, n=73) with newly diagnosed stage IV NSCLC treated at our institution. Data were compared during the send-out (March 2017-May 2019) and in-house (July 2019-March 2021) testing periods. We performed a detailed workflow analysis to provide insight on the pre-analytic, analytic, and post-analytic intervals that constituted the total TTD.
Results: TTD was significantly shorter with in-house testing (10 days vs.18 days, p<0.0001), driven largely by decreased internal handling/specimen transit times (2 days vs. 3 days, p<0.0001) and laboratory turnaround times (TAT, 3 days vs. 8 days, p<0.0001), with 96% of in-house cases meeting the international guideline of a ≤10-day intra-laboratory TAT (vs.74% send-out, p<0.001). Eighty-eight percent of patients with in-house testing had results available at their first oncology consultation (vs. 52% send-out, p<0.0001), and all patients with in-house testing had results available at the time of treatment decision (vs. 86% send-out, p=0.57).
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the advantages of in-house biomarker testing for mNSCLC at high-volume oncology centres. Incorporation of in-house testing may reduce barriers to offering personalized medicine by improving the time to optimal systemic therapy decision.
Nursing students’ learning strategies for e-learning during the Covid-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Cheraghbeigi Nesa , Molavynejad Shahram , Rokhafroz Dariosh , Elahi Nasrin , Rezaei Eisa
Published: January 2023

Background: In response to the emergency brought about by the Covid-19 pandemic, many universities around the world had to change their teaching methods from in-person classes to e-learning. The purpose of this study was to identify the learning strategies of nursing students in e-learning during the pandemic.
Methods: This study had a qualitative design and used content analysis approach to collect and analyze the data. Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 Iranian undergraduate nursing students who were selected using purposive sampling method.
Results: The results of the study showed that nursing students generally used two different strategies for e-learning, namely self-centered learning strategies and collaborative learning strategies. Some students, on the other hand, adopted a passive approach in their learning.
Conclusion: In e-learning during the pandemic, students adopted different learning strategies. Therefore, designing teaching strategies tailored to the students’ strategies can promote their learning and academic achievement. Also, knowledge of these strategies helps policy makers and nursing educators to take necessary measures in order to optimize and facilitate student learning in an e-learning environment.
The association between second-trimester of pregnancy ultrasound measurements of cervical length and the gestational age, weight, and APGAR score at delivery
Authors: Shabani Azade , Jalalvand Dina , Naeji Zahra , Naghdi Elnaz , Moghaddam Amin Momeni , Zargarzadeh Nikan , Shaw Ina
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Infant mortality is highest in preterm births. Cervical length may indicate early preterm delivery, according to studies. We assessed cervical length, gestational age, birth weight, and delivery Apgar scores.
Methods: This research included 100 women bearing 100 live foetuses (mean maternal age: 29.42±6.26 years, mean gestational range 18-20 weeks). Transvaginal ultrasound measured cervical length in all women. Birth weight, gestational age, and Apgar scores were recorded.
Results: 0% had cervical length less than 15 mm, 9% 15-25 mm, 75% 25-35 mm, and 16% >35 mm. ANOVA showed a significant relationship between cervical length classification and gestational age (p=0.031) and birth weight (p=0.001), but not Apgar scores (p=0.35) or gestational age at birth (p=0.29). Birth weight correlated significantly (p=0.04).
Conclusions: Cervical length screening during the second trimester should be regular in selected nations or areas to decrease premature labour.
Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services and Associated Factors Among the Youth in Lira City West, Northern Uganda: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Murungi Tom , Benyumiza Deo , Apio Juliet , Nekesa Catherine , Misuk Ivan , Kumakech Edward
Published: January 2023

Background:
The youth in Uganda, as in much of sub-Saharan Africa, face numerous sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges, from HIV infection, unsafe abortions to unwanted pregnancy. This study therefore assessed the utilization of sexual and reproductive health services and associated factors among the youth in Lira City West, Northern Uganda.
Methods:
This was a cross sectional study conducted among 403 young people (15–24 years) in Lira City West division, Lira City. Multi stage cluster sampling technique was used. Data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results:
Out of 422 youth, 386 participated obtaining a response rate of 91.5%. Less than half, (42.0%)of the youth in Lira City West had utilized SRH services. Family planning, VCT and general counseling services were the most utilized SRH services in the past 12 months. Predictors for the utilization of SRH services were, awareness on SRH (AOR (95% C.I): 0.24(0.08,0.74), being aware of a reproductive health facility (AOR (95% C.I): 4.24(1.62,11.09), discussion of SRH issues with peers/friends (AOR (95% C.I): 3.98(1.53,10.33), having a sexual partner (AOR (95% C.I): 10.00(4.05,24.69), having sexual intercourse (AOR (95% C.I): 4.59(2.18,9.69), access to SRH services (AOR (95% C.I): 2.68(1.12,6.40).
Conclusion:
Utilization of SRH services among the youth was low. Therefore, there is need to develop and strengthen sustainable multisector approaches aimed at increasing awareness as well as linking the young people to youth sexual and reproductive health services.
An example for the non-stability of multi-additive-quadratic-cubic mappings
Authors: Bodaghi Abasalt
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we improve Corollary 1 of [A. Bodaghi and Th. M.Rassias, Functional inequalities for multi-additive-quadratic-cubicmappings, Approximation and Computation in Science and Engineering, Series Springer Optimization and Its Applications (SOIA). Vol. 180, Springer 2022, 103-126.] and then present an example to show that the assertion in the mentioned corollary can not be valid in the singularity case.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 39B52, 39B72, 39B82.
LncRNA ANRIL promotes glucose metabolism and proliferation of colon cancer in a high-glucose environment and associated with worse outcome in diabetic colon cancer patients
Authors: Mosaad Hala , Shalaby Sally , Mahmoud Nevertyty M , Ahmed Mona M , Fayed Alaa , Ashour Hassan R
Published: January 2023

Background:The potential involvement of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as a risk factor for colon cancer (CC) has been previously reported. Epigenetic changes, such as deregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA (miR), have been linked to the advancement of CC; however, the effects of high glucose levels on their deregulation and, as a result, colon cancer, have yet to be investigated.
Methods: The study comprised 110 colon cancer patients who were separated into two groups: 50 patients with colon cancer and T2DM, and 60 patients with colon cancer but no diabetic mellitus. QRT-PCR was used to examine the expression of lncRNA ANRIL and miR-186-5p in tissue samples. ANRIL, miR-186-5p, and their downstream target genes HIF-1, PFK, HK, Bcl-2, and Bax were also measured in CC cell lines under various glucose conditions. In CC cell lines, glucose uptake, lactate generation, and cell proliferation were measured.
Results: A significant upregulation of ANRIL expression levels (p<0.001) and a significant downregulation of miR-186-5p expression (p<0.001) in diabetic colon cancer specimens compared to those in non-diabetic colon cancer group were shown. MiR-186-5p expression levels were inversely correlated with ANRILexpression levels, blood glucose levels and HbA1c%. Concerning in vitro model, a significant upregulation of ANRIL, downregulation of miR-186-5p, upregulation of HIF-1α, glycolytic enzymes and activation of antiapoptotic pathway was detected in higher glucose concentrations than lower one. There was a significant increase of glucose uptake, lactate accumulation and proliferation of the Caco2 and SW620 cell lines in a dose dependent manner of glucose concentrations. Moreover, a significant positive correlation between glucose uptake and ANRIL expression was shown.
Conclusions: A high-glucose environment can increase the tumor-promoting effect of ANRIL. ANRIL can promote glucose metabolism and colon cancer proliferation by downregulating miR 186-5p with subsequent upregulation of glycolysis enzymes expression and inhibition of apoptosis.
Oral Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension-Targeted Therapy in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension due to Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Selvan Kavitha C , Teerapuncharoen Krittika , Funk Mary , Rich Stuart , Bag Remzi
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Determine whether treatment with oral PAH-targeted therapy is associated with functional or hemodynamic improvement in patients with PH-ILD.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of 1507 consented patients with PH from the University of Chicago PH Registry. Exclusion criteria included: use of inhaled treprostinil, use of PAH-targeted therapy prior to registry enrollment, and enrollment in PH-related clinical trials. Data analyzed included demographics, ILD classification, PAH-targeted therapy, functional data, hemodynamics, and NT-proBNP before and after initiation of treatment. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, or related-samples Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Results
Of 37 patientsincluded, 27 (73%) received treatment with one PAH-targeted therapy and 9 (24%) received dual therapy. At baseline, median NT-proBNP was 1,498 ng/dL [675-3,208], mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was 45 ± 11 mmHg, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) of 9±4 Wood units. In patients with measurements both before and after treatment with PAH-targetedtherapy, there was a decrease in PVR (n=13, 8 vs 5 WU, p<0.001), an increase in cardiac output (n=13, 4 vs 5 L/min, p=0.014), and a decrease in NT-proBNP levels (n=26, 1,421 vs 842 ng/dL, p=0.045).
Conclusions
In this study, use of PAH-targeted therapy in patients with PH-ILD was associated with statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in NT-proBNP and pulmonary hemodynamics.
Novel Resource Allocation Technique for DVB-RCS Compliant Satellite Terminals
Authors: Roy Abhishek Kumar , Kumar Satyendra , Dhaka Manoj K.
Published: January 2023

Satellite communication is advantageous for several reasons such as broad coverage, small installation time of remote user sites, and network services in inhospitable terrains, where installing terrestrial infrastructure is costly. With the advent of broadband multimedia satellites such as Ku and Ka band satellites, multimedia services to the satellite terminals are gaining momentum. Digital Video Broadcast Return Channel via Satellite (DVB-RCS) is an open standard developed by ETSI which has further standardized, commercialized and solved the problem of inter-operability of Ku Band satellite terminals. Satellite bandwidth is scarce therefore treated as precious resource. In the present paper, authors aim to develop and realize the resource allocation techniques in return link channel for DVB-RCS compliant satellite terminals. The paper provides method for giving preference to real time application in terms of early processing of allocation request generated against the real time traffic to reduce delay and also provides method to avoid parallel connection arises due to transmission of terminal on more than one frequency at a time. Authors have realised DVB-RCS resource allocation technique and have given simulation results.
Dynamic Load Predicted Failure Resource Allocation In Virtual Machines Using Hybrid cloud
Authors: Sudhakar P. , ANBARASU P. , Singh Pooja , Shankar Achyut , Maple Carsten
Published: January 2023

Hybrid cloud service is a novel phenomenon that is strategized to estimate the failures in network and configure the Virtual Machines (VMs) in a cost-effective and timely manner. Amazon hybrid cloud offers Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) in which the infrastructure such as servers, storage network, VMs etc can be dynamically accessed by global users either through manual methods or through automated web-based monitoring and management applications or else through console. Hybrid cloud computing model has been developed with an aim to handle big data since the existing algorithms find it challenging to compute the tasks. The novel hybrid cloud computing model is a result of need for an efficient computational asset that can handle huge scale sequencing experiments. In general, failure is an unavoidable phenomenon in large-scale computing systems. However, when hybrid cloud computing servers continuously fail in executing the tasks, it becomes complicated to handle fault tolerance, availability and reliability. This scenario demands the development of a novel approach that can compensate data loss and ensure automated recovery of the lost data. Further, it should also ensure the non-occurrence of such instances in future. The approach proposed, must enhance the availability of the system and performance of the overall network using VMs. This fault tolerance mechanism was tested under different scenarios involving data, application, selection and matching with faults, as per the requirements of the user. The failure detection model should have the capability to reconfigure the VMs in case of a failure. In this study that dealt with hybrid cloud infrastructure, host hypervisor was used to compare and contrast the failed clusters. The proposed prediction-recovery algorithm was able to identify superior components to achieve file delivery. Further, the AWS failure detection method used an estimation algorithm to achieve dynamic allocation of VMs. The occurrence of failure was hypothesized on the basis of failure dynamics. Further, failure prediction outcomes of the proposed model were also investigated.
Astragalus polysaccharide reduces the incidence of postoperative urethral fistula in the rabbit model of hypospadias
Authors: Shu Zhen , Ai Yaya , Liu Xiang , Wang Cao , Yin Jia , Xiao Minchen , Zhao Peng , Liu Bin
Published: January 2023

Background
Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation in pediatric urology. Surgery is the only treatment option for hypospadias, and urinary fistula is the most common complication after hypospadias repair.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to establish a model of surgical hypospadias in New Zealand rabbits followed by TIP urethroplasty, postoperative administration of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), and to study the effect and mechanism of APS on the prevention and treatment of urinary fistula after surgery.
Material and Methods
New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: Control group, was fed normal feed without surgery; The operation group, TIP was performed after the establishment of a surgical hypospadias model, and normal feed feeding was given after surgery. In the intervention groups, after the establishment of the surgical hypospadias model, TIP was performed, and the low dose of APS (100mg/kg), the medium dose (200mg/kg), and the high dose (300mg/kg) were mixed into feed feeding, and the urinary fistula rate was statistically calculated after 10 consecutive days of feeding.
Results
The incidence of urinary fistula was significantly lower than that in the surgical group after the addition of APS, and with the increase of the intervention dose of APS, the incidence of urinary fistula showed a decreasing trend. After removing penile tissue, HE examination and WB analysis were performed, compared with the control group, the urethral epithelial cells at the incision site of the operation group were loosely arranged, the layers were reduced, and the inflammatory cells were significantly increased. Compared with the operation group, the urethral epithelial cells at the incision site of the APS intervention group were closely arranged, the layers increased, the inflammatory cells were significantly reduced, and the number of new capillaries increased. In addition, compared with the operation group, the expression levels of TNF-a and NF-kb2 proteins in the intervention group were significantly reduced, and the levels of TGF-β1 and FGF-1 were significantly increased.
Conclusion
The intervention of APS can reduce local inflammatory response, enhance local fibrosis, and reduce the incidence of urinary fistula after hypospadias.