bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meşruiyet krizlerine bir çözüm önerisi: Yeni bilimsel yönetişim
Authors: Sabancılar Eren Sıla , Anbarlı Bozatay Şeniz
Published: December 2024

Yeni bilimsel yönetişim, bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişmeler ekseninde geliştirilen kamu politikalarının, kamusal müzakere sürecinden geçmesi ve bilim-kamu etkileşiminin kurulmasıyla hükümetlerin meşruiyet krizlerini aşabileceği iddiasını barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bilimsel yönetişimde yeni olanın ne olduğu sorusuna cevap aranacaktır. Bu çerçevede, yönetim düşüncesi üzerindeki pozitivist etkileri de göz önünde tutmak gerekecektir. Zira pozitivizm, bir zamanlar dinle, inançla sağlanan meşruluğun yerini, aklın öncelliğini koymakta, yalnızca akılla izah edilene itibar kazandırmak suretiyle aklı kutsayan yeni bir dogma da üretmekteydi. Dolayısıyla çalışmada, medeniyeti standartlaştıran pozitivizm, ideoloji yönüyle tartışmaya dâhil edilecektir.
Meşru otorite tipolojilerinde, otoriteye neden itaat edildiği ya da başka bir deyişle otoriteye neden rıza gösterildiği sorularının cevabı artık, yeni bilimsel yönetişimin, meşruiyet krizlerine çözüm sunabilme kabiliyeti açısından verilebilecektir. Bilimsel girdi ve çıktıların, iktidarlar tarafından açık demokratik bir sistemin gereği olma boyutuyla dikkate alınarak, kamu politikasına dönüştürülebilmesi, çalışmanın temel tartışma noktalarından biridir. Meşruluk krizlerinde bilimsel yönetişimi öne çıkaran açıklamalar çalışmanın ilgi odağına dâhil olurken, süreç; bilim, halk ve politika üçgeninde değerlendirilecektir. Çözüm odaklı, doğa-toplum etkileşimlerine odaklanan, bütünleştirici, sürdürülebilirliği esas alarak bilgi ve politik karar arasındaki boşluğun kapatılmasına odaklanan bilimsel yönetişimin, meşruluk krizlerine cevap verebilme kapasitesi, çalışmanın temel tartışma zemini olacaktır.
Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Operasi Hitung Menggunakan Soal Tipe PISA
Authors: Vera Vera Yuliana , Zulkardi Zulkardi , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra
Published: December 2024

Kemampuan literasi matematis ialah kemampuan individu dalam merumuskan, menerapkan dan menafsirkan matematika dalam situasi nyata yang sangat penting dalam permasalahan kontekstual. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan literasi matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal PISA pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 61 Palembang. Penelitian ini dengan jenis deskriptif kualitatif  yang melibatkan 30 orang siswa dengan fokus pada tiga orang siswa yang  berkemampuan tinggi, sedang dan rendaah. Tes dan wawancara merupakan teknik yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini. Hasil analisis persentase tiap indikator dalam penelitian ini yakni, indikator formulate sebesar 22,22% dikategorikan kurang. Indikator employ dengan persentase 55,56% dikategorikan sedang dan  indikator interprete dengan persentase sebesar 40,44% dikategorikan sedang. Sedangkan rata-rata keselurahan dari ketiga indikator tersebut sebesar 40,74% dikategorikan sedang dengan indikator yang paling banyak muncul pada indikator kedua yaitu employ
Dynamics of the content of mineral elements and effective fertility of alluvial meadow soil in vegetable crop rotation
Authors: Vasyuchkov I. Y. , Uspenskaya O. N. , Kolomiets A. A.
Published: December 2024

In vegetable crop rotation with different fertilization systems of vegetable crops, the dynamics of the content of mineral elements of plant nutrition was determined, effective soil fertility was evaluated in comparison with potential under experimental conditions, and the most effective fertilizer system was identified not only to obtain the highest yields, but also to preserve and reproduce the potential fertility of alluvial meadow soil. The study was conducted in 2015–2019 in the Ramensky district of the Moscow region on the alluvial meadow medium loamy soil of the central floodplain of the Moscow River. The seasonal dynamics of the content of 3 elements of plant mineral nutrition (nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and potassium) in the carrot – beet – cabbage crop rotation was studied, using 3 main fertilization systems for vegetable crops (mineral, organic, organo-mineral). It was found that the maximum content of nitrate nitrogen (on average in crop rotation 47.4 mg/kg) and mobile potassium (on average 156 mg/kg) occurred in the third decade of June. The content of mobile phosphorus in the soil was high (200 mg/kg) at all accounting periods. A close correlation was determined between the yield of root crops and cabbage with the average content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil during the growing season (r = 0.735–0.934), mobile phosphorus (r = 0.539–0.972) and potassium (r = 0.532–0.976). The effective soil fertility of the site under 3 crops per crop rotation had the following characteristics: when using a mineral fertilizer system, the content of nitrate nitrogen was 21.3, organic – 10.1, organo-mineral – 22.1 mg/kg, the content of mobile phosphorus when using a mineral system – 40.4, organic – 34.1, organo-mineral – 47.9 mg/kg, the content of mobile potassium is 44.4, 20.6, 50.8 mg/kg, respectively. It was found that under crops of carrots and beets, the potential fertility of the soil during crop rotation was reproduced with the use of mineral (recommended dose of NPK) and organo-mineral fertilization systems of these crops, and the yield of carrots (67–69 t/ha) and beets (67–68 t/ ha) under these systems was high, more than expected estimated 60 t/ha. Under cabbage, late soil depletion also did not occur when using the recommended mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer systems, yields of 78 and 81 t/ha were close to the expected estimated yield of 80 t/ha. At the same time, the organo-mineral system had an advantage: during crop rotation, it retained 13% more nitrate nitrogen in the soil, 8% more mobile phosphorus and 40% more mobile potassium than the mineral one. One and a half and double doses of mineral fertilizers for late cabbage led to a significant increase in its yield (85–90 t/ha), but at the same time a significant part of nitrogen (on average for the season 33–41 mg/kg) was irretrievably lost in the soil.
Влияние синтез-газа на каталитические свойства цеолитных катализаторов конверсии диметилового эфира в низшие олефины
Authors: Колесникова Екатерина Евгеньевна , Обухова Татьяна Константиновна , Яшина Ольга Владимировна , Колесниченко Наталия Васильевна
Published: December 2024

Изучено влияние сопутствующего газа (азота, синтез-газа) на каталитические свойства цеолитных катализаторов, модифицированных Mg, La и Zr, в конверсии диметилового эфира в низшие олефины (Т = 320 ° С, Р = 0.1 МПа). Обнаружено, что синтез-газ не оказывает существенного влияния на превращение диметилового эфира в низшие олефины, и наиболее стабильным к замене реакционной среды является катализатор Mg-HZSM-5. Исследован одностадийный синтез низших олефинов из СО и Н2 при атмосферном давлении. Показано, что более эффективным является катализатор La-Zr/HZSM-5 (конверсия СО 8.6%, суммарная селективность по углеводородам С2+ 62.4 мас%), при этом в присутствии диметилового эфира не наблюдается ожидаемого прироста углеводородов С2+ за счет вовлечения СО. Это может быть связано с конкурентной адсорбцией молекул диметилового эфира и СО на активных центрах лантан-циркониевого катализатора.
Многостадийный процесс обезмасливания гачей с различным содержанием масла методом статической кристаллизации
Authors: Пронченков Иван Александрович , Антонов Сергей Александрович , Никульшин Павел Анатольевич , Болдушевский Роман Эдуардович
Published: December 2024

Изложены результаты проведенных исследований многостадийного процесса обезмасливания методом статической кристаллизации для производства глубокообезмасленных парафинов и квалифицированной переработки побочных продуктов — масляных отеков с целью потенциального расширения ассортимента товарных парафинов и парафино-восковой продукции, а также повышения экономической эффективности производства базовых масел I группы. Показана возможность переработки парафинсодержащих продуктов с содержанием остаточного масла вплоть до 40 мас%. Продемонстрирована эффективность четырехстадийного процесса обезмасливания, позволяющая увеличить выход товарных парафинов на 60 мас% в сравнении с двухстадийным процессом при переработке гачей с остаточным содержанием масла более 15 мас%. Предложено использование в качестве критерия целесообразности переработки масляных отеков показателя содержания нормальных алканов. Установлено, что сырье с содержанием нормальных алканов менее 45 мас% не образует механически прочной кристаллической структуры, необходимой при переработке методом статической кристаллизации.
Анализ процессов в послепламенной зоне при некаталитическом парциальном окислении богатых метан-кислородных смесей
Authors: Савченко Валерий Иванович , Озерский Алексей Валериевич , Никитин Алексей Витальевич , Седов Игорь Владимирович , Арутюнов Владимир Сергеевич
Published: December 2024

Конверсия богатых метан-кислородных смесей в матричном риформере протекает через несколько последовательных стадий. За быстрой стадией окислительных процессов, завершающейся практически полной конверсией кислорода (зона пламени), следует послепламенная стадия высокотемпературных эндотермических процессов, протекающих в отсутствие кислорода. В этой зоне происходит существенное увеличение концентрации Н2 и СО, а также изменение соотношения Н2 /СО. Анализ и оптимизация процессов, протекающих в послепламенной зоне, могут позволить существенно повысить выход синтез-газа и соотношение Н2 /СО. В работе на базе кинетического моделирования процессов в послепламенной зоне некаталитического парциального окисления богатых метан-кислородных смесей рассматривается их оптимизация и повышение технологических характеристик процесса. Показано, что активным конвертирующим агентом в послепламенной зоне является Н2О; увеличение температуры, с которой газовая смесь входит в послепламенную зону, приводит к увеличению выхода Н2 и соотношения Н2 /СО, а также повышает выход Н2 на моль поданного с исходной смесью СН4 .
Assessment of Stress-Strain State of Pipelines Based on the Measurements of Magnetic Characteristics in Field Conditions
Authors: Myznov K. E. , Vasilenko O. N. , Kostin V. N. , Tronza V. S. , Bondina A. N. , Kukushkin S. S. , Tryakina N. Yu. , Salomatin A. S.
Published: December 2024

A series of measurements on two pipeline sections made of 17G1S (17Г1С) steel using two measuring devices: magnetic multitester MMT-3 and magnetic analyser of structure KRM-C-K2M (КРМ-Ц-К2М) has been carried out. Maps of coercive force, residual magnetic induction and maximum magnetic induction on the pipes were obtained. The coefficient of loading for different cross-sections of the pipeline was calculated. Dependence of magnetic characteristics averaged over the cross-section on the coefficient of loading is plotted. It is revealed that the most dangerous for destruction cross-sections, in which the coefficient of loading exceeded the critical value of 1,2, correspond to the reduced values of coercive force and residual magnetic induction, obtained in the direction of measurement along the pipeline axis. It is shown that measurement along the axis at the top of the pipeline shows a similar relationship as for the cross-sectional averaged values, which means that in pipeline aerial crossings, measurement only at the top of the pipeline may be sufficient.
Edmund Burke, his readers and admirers in 18th century Russia. Part one
Authors: Karp Sergey Ya.
Published: December 2024

The interest in the legacy of Edmund Burke (1730–1797), the celebrated British orator, statesman, philosopher, and publicist, has remained largely outside the scope of specialised research in Russia. It is evident that Burke’s incisive critiques of the French Revolution, coupled with his staunch advocacy for English liberties, parliamentary democracy, and constitutional monarchy, rendered him a controversial figure within both the “liberating” and “conservative” schools of Russian social thought. The objective of this article is to address the existing gap in the literature by collating, elucidating, and analysing the facts that bear testimony to the perception of Burke’s personality and major writings, specifically “A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful” (1757) and “Reflections on the Revolution in France” (1790), by his Russian contemporaries.
The story of a prophecy: the damascene “Legend of the astrakhan elders” in the context of Arab-Russian encounters in the 18th century
Authors: Kobishchanov Taras Yu.
Published: December 2024

In the second half of the 18th century, the initial diplomatic and military-political contacts emerged between the Arab world and Russia, in addition to the pre-existing inter-religious ties. It is commonly accepted that religious relations and interactions along the secular line were parallel processes that exhibited a degree of intersection with each other. Recently discovered documents in Russian archives refute this theory. Nevertheless, rationale behind the decision of several Middle Eastern rulers and their Arab-Christian advisers to form a fatal military alliance with Russia in the early 1770s remains opaque. In order to shed further light on the matter, the author of the article turns to a document that has not previously been subjected to in-depth historical analysis: “The Legend of the Astrakhan Elders”, a prophecy recorded by the Damascus chronicler Mikhail Brayk (d. 1781). The author examines the text of the purported prophecy that is alleged to have originated in Astrakhan, Russia, and made its way to Jerusalem in 1758. He analyses the prerequisites for its appearance and the social background that made this revelation relevant to the inhabitants of Syria. Furthermore, he identifies its alleged author, demonstrates the literary and manipulative psychological techniques used by him; dissects the internal structure of the document, and suggests a hypothesis about the influence of this prophecy on subsequent political decisions of Middle Eastern leaders.
“Let us conclude then the articles of peace...”: the naval strategy of the Russian empire and the formation of Russian-Moroccan relations in the second half of the eighteenth century
Authors: Orlov Vladimir V.
Published: December 2024

The author’s objective is to trace the principal stages of the genesis and evolution of the Russian maritime strategy in the context of the active expansion of its naval forces under Peter I and the deployment of the Archipelago expedition by Catherine II (1769–1775). The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of these developments on the geoeconomic landscape. In addition, this study examines the geopolitical situation of the Russian Empire following the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774). It also investigates how ruling circles in Alawi Morocco responded to the emergence of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean, which had the effect of limiting the naval power of the Ottoman state. The article elucidates the multifaceted political, economic, and military circumstances that precipitated the Sultan of Morocco, Sidi Muhammad ibn Abdallah (1757–1790), to pursue the opening of his country to extensive foreign trade. However, given the weak commodity flows and the economic inexpediency of maintaining large formations of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean, the initial stage of Russian-Moroccan relations was limited to the exchange of letters and messages. Consequently, the demise of Sidi Muhammad (1790) and Catherine II (1796) brought an end to the development of this project. The author addresses the issue of the veracity of the Russian-Moroccan peace and trade treaty of the eighteenth century, examining the arguments that suggest it was in fact never signed. However, even if it were to be proven that the treaty was drafted, the fulfilment of its hypothetical provisions would present a significant challenge for both parties.
The fall of Adolphe Thiers on 24 may 1873: documentary evidence from the Russian embassy in Paris
Authors: Cherkasov Peter P.
Published: December 2024

In this article, the author analyses the causes and circumstances of the downfall of Adolphe Thiers, the first President of the Third French Republic. He held the office from 31 August 1871 until 24 May 1873, when he was compelled to resign. Although Thiers’ tenure as president was relatively brief, encompassing less than two years, it was of significant consequence in the establishment of the republican system in France. In many ways, this was the personal merit of President Thiers, who publicly espoused the cause of the republic, for which he was compelled to relinquish his post as head of state. The reasons for Thiers’ downfall have been the subject of considerable historical analysis. In this study, the author draws upon hitherto overlooked sources, thereby offering a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding of an already well-researched topic. The focus of this inquiry is confidential diplomatic communications from the Russian Embassy in Paris. This source is significant in that it demonstrates that both the Russian ambassador to France, Prince Nikolay Orlov, and the embassy counsellor Grigory Okunev had direct contact with Thiers, enjoyed his confidence, and were well aware of the plans and intentions of the President of the Republic. They frequently met with him and his ministers, attended meetings of the National Assembly, and were thus able to gain a comprehensive understanding of the political process that gave rise to the republican system in France. It can be argued that their assessments and judgments are of significant interest to the historian. This is particularly true when considering the dispatches and analytical notes compiled at the Russian embassy in Paris for Emperor Alexander II by Chancellor Gorchakov. These documents have not attracted the appropriate level of attention from researchers for a considerable period of time and therefore represent a valuable and underutilised resource for historical research.
What happened before the “kremlin meeting”? formation of the soviet leadership’s “new deal” policy towards the Russian orthodox church in 1941–1943
Authors: Beglov Alexey L.
Published: December 2024

In the article, the author examines the formation of the “New Deal” policy towards the Russian Orthodox Church during the initial two years of the Great Patriotic War. From the author’s perspective, the conventional interpretation of the Soviet authorities’ ‘new deal’ policy towards the country’s religious associations entails the rejection of mass repression against believers (with the potential for targeted repression against hierarchs and church activists) and the consideration of the interests of religious organisations by the Soviet authorities. In the initial two years of the war, elements of the new religious policy existed concurrently with repression. The author examines three pivotal moments in the crystallisation of this policy, drawing on the correspondence of the rector of the Catholic parish in Moscow, Fr. Leopold Braun, and his communications with the United States and the Vatican. The first of them occurred in the autumn of 1941 and was connected with the efforts of the anti-Hitler coalition allies to demonstrate to the Soviet leadership the necessity of implementing changes in the religious sphere in order to address the issue of the USSR joining the Lend-Lease programme. The second occurred in the spring of 1942, when Soviet diplomacy explored the potential for improving relations with the Vatican. The third took place in 1943 and was characterised by public actions undertaken by the Soviet authorities towards the Orthodox Church. The author concludes that the mechanisms of instrumentalisation of the religious factor were known to the Soviet political system; however, the consistent replacement of the repressive course by a course of instrumentalisation became possible only in the context of the military-political crisis of 1941–1942. The forced mobilisation of religious leaders by the Soviet authorities was accompanied by steps towards the church from the second half of 1942 onwards. These steps became public in early 1943, in connection with the collection of church funds for a tank column named after Dmitry Donskoy. From the autumn of 1943, the “new deal” entered the public sphere and became a conscious strategy of the Soviet leadership.
Digital and technological modernization of the world's largest West Siberian oil and gas production center
Authors: Dmitrievsky A. N. , Eremin N. A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the results of digital and technological modernization of the oil and gas industry within the framework of the state program "Digital Economy 2017-2024" in the implementation of measures proposed by academic institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the basis of a comprehensive scientific and technical program of a full innovation cycle, as well as the potential of exploratory and applied research to prepare a new state program "Data Economy" for the period up to 2030 of the year. The activities are a set of interrelated scientific, technical, digital solutions and innovative technologies that ensure the achievement of goals, developed with the leading participation of the Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Oil and Gas Geology and Geophysics named after. A. A. Trofimuk SB RAS, program “Digital and technological modernization of the world’s largest West Siberian oil and gas production center.” The main goal of scientific research for the oil and gas economy of big geodata is the creation and implementation of digital modeling technologies, the development of ecosystems, computing platforms and digital twins of oil and gas assets, and the transportation of hydrocarbons to existing and newly created petrochemical clusters in order to develop the domestic market for their complete processing into products with high added value and strengthening the digital leadership of Russian energy companies. The key factor hindering the innovative development of the Russian oil and gas complex is the lack of high-performance computing systems. The main oil and gas tasks that require the involvement of supercomputers with peta- and exascale performance levels (1015 and 1018 floating point operations per second, respectively) include the tasks of managing the “digital ecosystem” of the world’s largest West Siberian oil and gas production center and unique oil and gas fields in the real time. The development of the digital ecosystem is proposed to be formed on the basis of platform solutions and comprehensive scientific and technical programs and projects of a full innovation cycle. The main problems in the sphere of creating a digital energy economy of big data have been identified: an acute shortage of personnel with digital competencies in the field of oil and gas production, specialists in opticalization, multisensorization, supercomputing, cybersecurity and petrorobotics.
The Borodino meteorite: evolution on parent body
Authors: Sukhanova K. G. , Kuznetsov A. B. , Skublov S. G.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the results of a mineralogical and petrographic study of the Borodino meteorite (H5). For the first time, meteorite minerals are described and their chemical compositions are given. The following were found in the Borodino meteorite: olivine (Fa 18.16±1.15), low-Ca pyroxene – (clino)enstatite (En 81.37±1.73, Wo 1.18±0.31), high-Ca pyroxene – augite (En 57.23±1.57, Wo 39.38±2.68), diopside (En 51, Wo 45), pigeonite (En 69, Wo 6), plagioclases – oligoclase (An 12.16±1.24, Or 5.68±2.12), andesine (An 48.23±1.84, Or 1.23±0.12), anorthoclase (An 0, Or 36) and sanidine (An 0, Or 40.00±1.1), and weakly crystallized glasses of feldspathic composition, merillite and chrome spinel. The data obtained made it possible to estimate the degree of terrestrial weathering of the meteorite as W0 and the stage of impact metamorphism (S1-2), which suggests good preservation of the meteorite material. The composition of olivine and chrome spinel, determined using the EPMA method, was used to estimate the peak temperature of thermal metamorphism at 720°C, which falls within the temperature range (670–740°C) characteristic of petrological type 5 chondrites. The presence of high-Ca pyroxenes, large grains of Ca–Na–Mg phosphates and chromite-pigeonite aggregates in the meteorite matrix indicate prolonged heating of the material.
Use of humate-sapropelic suspension when growing sunn hemp (Crotalaria junceae L.) in protected soil conditions (greenhouse)
Authors: Rumyantsev V. A. , Puhalsky J. V. , Loskutov S. I. , Mityukov A. S. , Vorobyov N. I. , Yakubovskaya A. I. , Kameneva I. A. , Nikiticheva G. V. , Gorodnova L. A. , Berdysheva K. N. , Kovalchuk A. I. , Meshcheryakov D. D.
Published: December 2024

Among the species of the genus Crotalaria L., Crotalaria juncea is the only cover crop cultivated for its fiber. The quality of the latter depends on nutritional conditions, the accumulation of biophilic elements in the biomass and the synthesis of proteinogenic amino acids. Thus, the purpose of the study was a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the green harvest at the stage of active flowering, before the phase of bean formation, when the entire biochemical cycle of the plant is reconfigured, and biochemical indicators are maximum. The plants were grown for 140 days (from April 22 to September 9, 2023) in protected soil conditions. The experimental design consisted of two blocks of 50 plants: in the first (control) plants were grown in a soil mixture without any additives; in the second, the crop was treated three times during the growing season with an organic suspension of humic acids (1000 ppm) obtained from sapropel (Pskov region) – UDGSS, by applying it when watering at the root. The soil substrate in both cases was typical chernozem (Kamennaya Steppe nature reserve, Voronezh region, 51°01ʹ41.6ʹʹN 40°43ʹ39.3ʹʹE) with a 20% addition of volcanic zeolite. Over the course of every 14 days, a systematic record of the dynamics of changes in the morphometric indicators of crop growth (height and dry biomass) was carried out, by removing five cultivars from each block of variants. After 140 days, the remaining five replicates per variant were subjected to biochemical analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using 7500 and LC 1200 instruments (Agilent Technologies, USA), according to the manufacturer's method. Treatment with UDGSS increased productivity and shoot height by 51.1% and 11.3%, respectively. The concentration of macroelements in dry biomass was in the following order: NaKCaSPMg in the control and NaKCaMgPS in the variant with UDGSS, and the export of microelements – FeMnZn BaBCuMo and FeMnBZnBaCuMo. At the same time, in total, the increase was more manifested in the amount of accumulation of microelements, due to a twofold increase in the concentration of iron ions. Among amino acids, an increase in the concentration of L-Lysine, L-Glycine, L-Glutamine and L-tyrosine was observed. The first three are structural components of biological tissues, which indirectly indicates an increase in the fiber strength of the culture.
Ecosystem services assessment of the Jardín Botánico de Bogotá
Authors:   Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A., Palacios-Bucheli Vandreé Julián , Cristancho-Gavilán Lizeth Daniela ,   Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A., Gaitán-Silva Julio César ,   Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A., Gil-Muñoz Yerly Caterinhe ,   Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A., Morales-Linares Manuel Enrique ,   Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A., Reyes-Rico David Alejandro ,   Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A., Martínez-Rojas Aura Mayerly ,   Jardín Botánico de Bogotá
Published: December 2024

The green areas of Bogotá provide well-being to residents and visitors of the Colombian capital. The ecological infrastructure of Jardín Botánico de Bogotá (JBB) allows its visitors to enjoy various ecosystem services. This study aims to estimate the monetary value of the ecosystem services provided by the JBB. The research was conducted at the JBB. A forest inventory was performed for the biophysical valuation, including individuals with a diameter at breast height (DBH) greater than 10 cm. Total height and DBH were recorded for each individual. The timber volume and carbon captured in the aerial biomass of each individual and species were determined. Carbon capture was calculated using the allometric formula for montane humid forests. The provisioning ecosystem service of timber was valued based on the timber volume and the domestic timber price of US$270.9 per cubic meter. The monetization of carbon capture included the value of carbon credits from the European Union, used to determine the atmospheric regulation ecosystem service. The travel cost methodology involved surveying JBB visitors to determine the recreational cultural ecosystem service. Visitors were asked about their origin and visit frequency. The analysis included the entrance fee of US$1.05 and visitors’ meal costs. Finally, the cost/benefit monetary value was aggregated with the travel cost monetary value to calculate the total economic value (TEV). The BBG provides ecosystem services with a TEV of US$68,517,466.50 per year.
A imagem numérica do pensamento
Authors: Luis La Salvia André
Published: December 2024

O artigo procura refletir sobre a definição de pensamento em nossa contemporaneidade, no momento em que a palavra inteligente está sendo usada em larga escala pelos sistemas com alto poder computacional. No caso, abordaremos a produção generativa do chatGPT, criticando a noção de inteligência a ele associado. Para operar a crítica, propomos a noção de imagem-numérica do pensamento. Essa noção foi criada ao combinarmos o estudo de três noções do filósofo Gilles Deleuze (1925-1995) que são: a “imagem do pensamento”; a imagem “numérica” do cinema; e as características da sociedade de controle.
Natureza e artifício: uma reflexão sobre as noções de computador, inteligência e humanidade
Authors: Goulart de Castro Alves Luana , Rezende de Castro Alves Tiago
Published: December 2024

Nesta reflexão, lidamos com o problema da inteligência artificial a partir da seguinte formulação específica: pode um computador apresentar inteligência? Nossa abordagem dessa questão recorrerá, propositalmente e em ampla medida, ao que podemos chamar de ‘caricaturas’ – recurso expressivo que, embora sabidamente retrate rumo ao grotesco, é frequentemente eficaz para enfatizar algum aspecto do retratado de acordo com os propósitos do retratista. Por meio desse tipo de expediente, ofereceremos, à guisa de pontos de partida, caracterizações de um modelo de inteligência paradigmática e também do que viria a ser um computador. Com base nestas, discutiremos três possibilidades de reação à formulação mencionada: a primeira, negativa e representativa de uma atitude que se pode dizer ortodoxa; a segunda, positiva, inspirada por contribuições filosóficas de Turing e Wittgenstein; e a terceira, dissolutiva, movida por reflexões alinhadas à hermenêutica filosófica de Gadamer.
A Single Hidden Variable Interpretation of the Quantum Wave Function
Authors: Gentile David
Published: December 2024

A new interpretation of quantum mechanics is presented in which there is one hidden variable. This could be described as “partial realism” where sometimes quantum variables have real values before we measure and sometimes they don’t. While one hidden variable is insufficient to explain Bell nonlocality, it is allowed by Bell’s inequality. This can help solve the measurement problem and is in principle testable. In addition, a theory of nonlocality emerges directly from this assumption. From the perspective of an outside observer, not correlated with an observed system, we treat all interactions within the system as unitary. However, from the perspective of an “observer” inside the system, we treat all new entanglements as “micromeasurements”, as a projection onto some basis of measurement. One particle can act as a measurement device on another and give the other particle a defined value on one possible measurement axis from an inside perspective. This means that the wave function, from the outside view, will at times describe an objective, fundamentally stochastic uncertainty, at other times a subjective uncertainty that reflects only our lack of knowledge, and at yet other times a combination of both. The standard wave function describes the total uncertainty, the minimal uncertainty that is present for any observer outside of the system, whereas for an “observer” inside the system, only the objective, fundamentally stochastic part of the uncertainty remains, and this can be described by an inner wave function. The hidden variable is invisible to the outside observer.
Antibacterial Activity of Malaysian Trigona itama and Trigona thoracica Honey Against Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria
Authors: Abu Bakar Mohd Hilmi
Published: December 2024

Malaysia is among many tropical countries where stingless bees and their products are abundantly available and extensively used for human health. Stingless bee honey can be collected either directly from bee farms or harvested from tropical forests. Stingless bee products, especially honey, are traditionally consumed mainly by the local Asian people for therapeutic purposes. This study was conducted to determine the antibacterial properties of Malaysian stingless bee honey from the species _Trigona itama_ and _Trigona thoracica_ against selected Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial samples. Agar well diffusion and micro broth dilution assays were conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of four stingless bee honey samples from the _Trigona_ genus. The _Trigona_ honey of the four samples has demonstrated vital zones of inhibition against _Staphylococcus aureus_ (ATCC 9144), _Staphylococcus epidermidis_ (ATCC 14990), _Streptococcus pyogenes_ (ATCC 19615), _Escherichia coli_ (ATCC 85218), _Salmonella _Typhi (ATCC 19430), and _Klebsiella pneumoniae_ (ATCC 10273). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of the four honey samples against _S. aureus_, _S. epidermidis_, _S. pyogenes_, _E. coli_, _Salmonella _Typhi, and _K. pneumonia_ were successfully obtained at lower honey concentrations but higher sample dilutions. This study justified that Malaysian stingless bee honey has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and possesses promising antibacterial therapy for future health regimens.
Genetic Basis of Immunity in Indian Cattle as Revealed by Comparative Analysis of Bos Genome
Authors: Thambiraja Menaka , Iyengar Shukkruthi K. , Satishkumar Brintha , Kavuru Sai Rohith , Katari Aakanksha , Singh Dheer , Onteru Suneel K. , Yennamalli Ragothaman M.
Published: December 2024

Indian cattle breeds (_Bos indicus_) are renowned for their greater resilience compared to _Bos taurus_ in diverse environments and resistance to infections. However, the genomic signatures associated with disease-resistance traits in Indian cattle remain underexplored. A genome-wide comparison between _Bos indicus_ and _Bos taurus_ could uncover key immune markers related to disease-resistance traits. We conducted chromosome-by-chromosome analyses among Bos genomes using three pairwise combinations, namely _Bos taurus_ (Hereford) vs. _Bos indicus_ (Nelore breed), _Bos taurus_ (Hereford) vs. _Bos indicus_ (Gir), and _Bos indicus_ (Nelore) vs. _Bos indicus_ (Gir), to investigate genomic variations in immunity genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The whole genome for Nelore, Gir, and Hereford breeds were compared using bioinformatics tools: SyMAP, GSAlign, and SyRI. Non-syntenic regions were associated with four immunity genes in Nelore: VSTM1L, Galectin-9, HDAC5, and POLH. Significant genomic differences were observed on chromosomes 1 and X across all inter-breed comparisons. Chromosome X of Nelore lost 50 Mbps of genomic regions compared to those of Hereford, although all genes remained intact. Further exploration of translocation events on Chromosome X in Nelore revealed chromosomes 13 and 11 had more single nucleotide variants and insertions, respectively. In total, 8, 16, and 209 innate immunity genes in Nelore were impacted by longer insertions, deletions, and substitutions respectively, and 62 innate immunity genes were affected by all three structural variations. QTL analysis indicated these variations were primarily linked to milk and health traits. This study highlights genomic variations in innate immunity genes in Nelore and associated QTLs.
Driving Circular Innovation: From Business Model to Industrial Ecosystems
Authors: Dore Salvatore , Sinatra Francesca , Gallo Andrea , Tivan Moreno , Borruso Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

The problems related to environmental sustainability have led to the redefinition of economic processes, in particular from the previous linear model (take-make-dispose) to circular economic models. This implies changing the way and approach to industrial production particularly through innovation. This paper focuses on the question if and in which terms today we can talk about innovative ecosystems as an evolution of the industrial districts and clusters, and in which terms they can be capable of pursuing circularity issues by leveraging the innovation process.

The paper aims at tackling the issue by means of a literature review of theories: circularity and business model innovation, spatial diffusion and clusters, innovation ecosystems. From the literature review, we derived an overview of the evolutionary path taken by local production systems from industrial districts and clusters that can lead to circular innovation ecosystems, conceptualizing the possible relationship between local industrial development, innovation and circularity.
The Complexity of Tullock Contests
Authors: He Yu , Yao Fan , Yu Yang , Qiu Xiaoyun , Li Minming , Xu Haifeng
Published: December 2024

This paper studies the algorithmic complexity for computing the pure Nash Equilibrium (PNE) in Tullock Contests. The (possibly heterogeneous) elasticity parameter \(r_i\) determines whether a contestant \(i\)’s cost function is convex, concave or neither. Our core finding is that the domains of \(r_i\) governs the complexity for solving Tullock contents.

- When no contestant’s \(r_i\) lies between \((1,2]\), we can design an efficient algorithm to compute the pure NE;
- When many \(r_i\) values fall within \((1,2]\), we prove that determining NE existence can not be solved in polynomial time, assuming the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH);
- When many \(r_i\) values fall within \((1,2]\), we design a Fully Polynomial-Time Approximation Scheme (FPTAS) to find an \(\epsilon\)-PNE when an exact PNE exists.

All our algorithms are efficiently implemented for solving large-scale instances, and computational experiments demonstrate their effectiveness even in complex scenarios.
Improve the Performance of Search Processes in Large Linked Lists using Multi-threading and Caching Techniques
Authors: Amin Rohul , Rana Md. Mehedi Rahman , Hossain Md. Moazzem , Prodhan S.M.A Sayem , Miah Abu Saleh Musa
Published: December 2024

Efficiently searching on a large linked list is a critical challenge in various computational applications. Traditional methods grapple with the sequential organization and voluminous data, resulting in sluggish search operations. In response, this study introduces a novel approach leveraging multithreading for concurrent searches, facilitating parallel exploration of distinct segments within the linked list. Complementing this, we incorporate a caching mechanism to store frequently accessed elements, thereby optimizing RAM utilization during search processes. Through rigorous experimentation, our methodology showcases remarkable advancements in search efficiency and overall system performance compared to conventional techniques. These findings underscore the proposed framework's significance in revolutionizing large linked list exploration, offering promising avenues for enhancing computational operations across diverse domains.
Organizational and Pedagogical Foundations of the Functioning of Reference Educational Institutions in the Context of Decentralization
Authors:   Institute of Pedagogy of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Kalinina Luidmyla , Lisova Nataliia ,   Institute of Pedagogy of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Topuzov Myhajlo ,   Institute of Pedagogy of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Kalinina Ganna ,   Institute of Pedagogy of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Malyuga Mykola ,   Institute of Pedagogy of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The monograph «Organizational and Pedagogical Foundations of the Functioning of Reference Educational Institutions in the Context of Decentralization» presents scientifically based organizational and pedagogical foundations for the creation of reference Educational Institutions and the development of their network in the context of decentralization; justified trends in decentralization in Education; the specifics of management activities and the development of Professional Competence of the head as a key figure of the reference Educational Institution, Educational Manager and Leader; the content and structure of professional subjectivity of Educational Managers.
The theoretical and methodological foundations of multi-vector human-centred development of a reference educational institution and its modelling as a complex organized system on a trust basis are revealed; a conceptual model of multi-vector human-centred development of a reference Educational Institution as a complex socio-cultural system is presented; the factor-criterion approach to assessing the development of a reference Educational Institution in the context of decentralization and the factor-criterion model for evaluating the effectiveness of information support for the organizational Management mechanism of a reference school are substantiated and disclosed.
The monograph can be used in solving new scientific problems, conducting scientific research and in the practical activities of referencefor heads of educational institutions, branches, Educational Institutions of various types, managers and teachers at advanced training courses for heads of educational institutions, training Masters in the specialty «Management of an Educational Institution», training applicants for higher education for the degree of Doctor of philosophy in the specialty 011 «Educational, Pedagogical Sciences».
Study abroad pathways
Authors: Kaur Tanveen , Mehra Anjali
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the growing demand for international education, coupled with economic challenges in Punjab, has driven a significant increase in students seeking higher education in Canada. This paper examines the roles of two critical stakeholders in this process: the Canadian government and overseas education agents. Canada’s policies on work permits and pathways to permanent residency make it a highly attractive destination, while education agents in Punjab play a pivotal role in facilitating student migration through financial incentives and targeted marketing strategies. Structured in two sections, this study explores Canadian policy impacts and the strategies employed by education agents to channel students abroad. Findings underscore the importance of these interconnected dynamics in shaping Canada as a premier destination for Punjabi students.
The impact of politics and COVID-19 on graduate STEM international students of color
Authors: Rodriguez Miguel , Mohamed Mirna , Barthelemy Ramon
Published: December 2024

Political factors and the COVID-19 pandemic have had profound impacts on international students in the U.S. These factors include anti-immigration rhetoric, the policies of the executive branch, and the additional COVID-19 restrictions placed on international students in 2020. In this study, we interviewed international students in graduate STEM programs and asked them about their political opinions and experiences during the pandemic. This article also provides a brief historical overview of immigration policy and how these policies relate to and impact international students. Many of our participants expressed negative emotions regarding President Trump for reasons ranging from his racist rhetoric to his administration’s policies before and during the pandemic.
Turkish students’ intercultural challenges and aspirations in U.S. universities
Authors: Oz Cetindere Esra , Shin Dong-shin
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we present a study of Turkish international students' experiences in the U.S. by examining data from EksiSozluk, a Turkish social media platform. Drawing on social-emotional learning as a theoretical foundation, we investigated the types of challenges Turkish international students faced in the U.S. and the coping strategies and information they shared with each other. Adopting a thematic analysis, we analyzed the collected data, including 157 entries made by Turkish students about their study abroad experiences in U.S. higher education institutions between 2002 and 2023. The findings suggest that Turkish international students primarily struggle with social and emotional challenges, followed by financial, academic, and cultural issues. The main coping strategies employed by the students were building social relationships through interactions with other Turkish students on social media and seeking cultural knowledge through American pop culture.
East Asian international doctoral students’ role identity development in the United States
Authors: Wu Qiling , Ji Hyangeun , Park Yuhyun , Kim Sori , Yang Jiayu , Wang Lei
Published: December 2024

The U.S. attracts a significant number of international doctoral students each year. As these students navigate cultural and academic systems, understanding their unique experiences and challenges becomes crucial. This study explores the intricate nuances of motivation and identity negotiation in the lived experiences of six East Asian international doctoral students in the U.S. using collaborative autoethnography. We examined how role identities explain our experiences by employing the Dynamic Systems Model of Role Identity framework. Our reflections revealed (1) the salience of role identity components and structural relations and the impact of other role identities on resolving tensions; (2) the development of our researcher and teacher role identities within doctoral student role identity; and (3) resilience as both a cultural disposition and a dynamic process that evolves through the constant negotiation and renegotiation of our identities.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the regulatory act "Regulations on the Railway Transport Safety Management System"
Authors: Pohorilyi Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to a study that is quite rare in the scientific and technical literature. It is about analysing the impact of the regulatory document "Regulations on the Railway Transport Safety Management System" on the population groups and enterprises of Ukraine and its effectiveness after its approval. These two analyses are carried out before and after the approval of regulatory documents by state authorities (ministries, the Cabinet of Ministers, etc.). The relevance of this Regulation is explained by the need to implement European-type regulations in the activities of Ukrainian railways. The implementation is in line with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. The peculiarity of the Regulation in comparison with the existing one is explained by the fact that it becomes mandatory not only for JSC "Ukrainian Railways", but also for enterprises that use railway rolling stock and railway infrastructure in their activities. It was found that the railway transport sector includes 1517 enterprises. Based on the analysis of the impact of the Regulation on the Railway Traffic Management System on the interests of citizens, the state and business entities, a conclusion was made on the most rational option for achieving the goal of improving the level of railway traffic safety. The Regulation was approved by the Ministry of Infrastructure in 2021.