bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lithium Pharmacology and a Potential Role of Lithium on Methamphetamine Abuse and Dependence
Authors: Kitanaka Nobue , Hall Frank Scott , Uhl George Richard , Kitanaka Junichi
Published: July 2019

Background:

The effectiveness of lithium salts in neuropsychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, and treatment-resistant depression has been documented in an extensive scientific literature. Lithium inhibits inositol monophosphatase, inositol polyphosphate 1- phosphatase, and glycogen synthase kinase-3 and decreases expression level of tryptophan hydroxylase 2, conceivably underlying the mood stabilizing effects of lithium, as well as procognitive and neuroprotective effects. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of action of lithium on mood stabilizing and pro-cognitive effects in humans are still largely unknown.

Objective:

On the basis of the known aspects of lithium pharmacology, this review will discuss the possible mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of lithium on positive symptoms of methamphetamine abuse and dependence.

Conclusion:

It is possible that lithium treatment reduces the amount of newly synthesized phosphatidylinositol, potentially preventing or reversing neuroadaptations contributing to behavioral sensitization induced by methamphetamine. In addition, it is suggested that exposure to repeated doses of methamphetamine induces hyperactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β in the nucleus accumbens and in dorsal hippocampus, resulting in a long-term alterations in synaptic plasticity underlying behavioral sensitization as well as other behavioral deficits in memory-related behavior. Therefore it is clear that glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitors can be considered as a potential candidate for the treatment of methamphetamine abuse and dependence.
Analisis Hubungan Bobot Badan Terhadap Produksi Semen Segar Sapi Bali di Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan-Singosari
Authors: Nugraha Chairdin Dwi , Herwijanti Enniek , Novianti Irida , Furqon Ahmad , Septian Wike Andre , Busono Woro , Suyadi Suyadi
Published: July 2019

Sapi asli indonesia dengan populasi terbesar dibandingkan sapi lokal lainnya yaitu sapi Bali. Pengembangan sapi Bali secara berkelanjutan dengan cara meningkatkan kualitas genetik melalui aspek reproduksi dalam pemilihan pejantan unggul. Bobot badan adalah salah satu kriteria dalam memilih pejantan unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan bobot badan dengan kualitas semen. Materi yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder mulai tahun 2012-2018 dari 50 ekor pejantan sapi Bali meliputi data kualitas semen sebanyak (n=1204) ejakulasi di Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan, Singosari, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Metode penelitian adalah studi kasus. Variabel yang diamati yaitu bobot badan, volume semen, motilitas individu dan konsentrasi semen. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan SPSS 24 dengan metode One-Way ANOVA. Uji korelasi menggunakan korelasi Pearson (r) dan analisis statistik model regresi linier untuk menduga kualitas semen berdasarkan bobot badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot badan sapi Bali mempengaruhi secara signifikan (p<0,05) terhadap kualitas semen. Semakin tinggi bobot badan maka nilai volume dan motilitas meningkat kecuali konsentrasi semen yang sangat fluktuatif. Bobot badan berkorelasi secara signifikan (p<0,05) dengan volume (r=0,317) dan motilitas individu (r=0,229), tetapi tidak signifikan (p>0,05) terhadap konsentrasi semen (r=0,046). Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan sapi dengan bobot badan tinggi memiliki nilai kualitas semen yang lebih baik.
Extrém sportfogyasztás vizsgálata egy kutatás tükrében
Authors: Müller Anetta , Bácsné Bába Éva , Pfau Christa , Müller Anikó , Laoues-Czimbalmos Nóra
Published: July 2019

Napjainkban egyre több kutatás fókuszál a szabadidős sportfogyasztásra, annak motivációs hátterének vizsgálatára, célcsoport jellemzőinek meghatározására. Az extrém sportok a szabadidős kínálati elemekben egyre markánsabban jelennek meg és a versenysportban is egyre erőteljesebben képviseltetik magukat. Kutatásunkban a fiatal felnőttek extrém sportfogyasztásának vizsgálatával foglalkozunk, a kérdőíveket Google Survey formájában, online kérdőíves felmérés módszerével gyűjtöttük be, melyeket legfőképp különböző social media platformokon, élzottan extrém sport érdeklődési körű egyéneket tömörítő csoportokban osztottuk meg. Az adatokat IBM SPSS szoftverrel dolgoztuk fel, alapstatisztikát és összefüggésvizsgálatot végeztünk. Az eredményeinket grafikusan is szemléltettük. Adattiszítás után 167 kérdőívet dolgoztunk fel. Az eredmények jól mutatják, hogy az extrém sportokat a férfiak preferálják inkább. A vizsgálatunk azt mutatja, hogy hazánkban a terepkerékpár, a falmászás, a mountainbike, a paintball és a gördeszkázás a legnépszerűbb szabadidős extrém sportok. A magasabb jövedelemmel rendelkező fiatalok között szignifikánsan nagyobb arányban találjuk az extrém sportok fogyasztását. Mivel költséges sport így  magasabb diszkrecionális jövedelmet és magasabb költéshajlandóságot feltételez, melyet a kutatásunk is igazolt. Az extrém sportot űző fiatal felnőttek sportfelszerelés márkaválasztását nem az extrém sportspecifikus, hanem a klasszikus piacvezető sportmárkák (Nike, Adidas) jellemzik.
Sportcivil szervezetek és az emberi erőforrások összefüggése
Authors: Szabados György Norbert , Bácsné Bába Éva , Fenyves Veronika , Bács Zoltán , Dajnoki Krisztina , Kovács Sándor
Published: July 2019

A KSH minden év tavaszán az ELEKTRA rendszeren keresztül rögzíti a civil szervezetek előző évi, elsősorban humán és gazdasági jellegű tevékenységi adatait. Ez az adatforrás általában irányadó a hazai civil szektor tevékenységének megítélése során, ugyanakkor kiadványtárukban elérhető, a non-profit szektor legfontosabb jellemzői elnevezésű tájékoztató, mely elsősorban leíró statisztikai módszerre építve csupán átfogó jelleggel ismerteti a szektor legfontosabb sajátosságait. Párhuzamosan emellett minden évben elérhető az ennek háttértárát jelentő adatbázis, mely a másodelemzést végezni kívánó kutató számára mélyebb összefüggések feltárására is lehetőséget biztosít. Tanulmányunk célja ennek a nagy területnek csupán egy kisebb részét jelentő, elsősorban a támogatások és a humán erőforrások közötti összefüggések feltárása különösen amiatt, mivel ennek a szektornak a humán erőforrás bázisa a foglalkoztatottak és önkéntesek között oszlik meg és kérdéses, hogy van-e a támogatásoknak hatása a foglalkoztatásra. Az eredmények arra utalnak, hogy a támogatások és humán erőforrások között van összefüggés, ahol elsősorban a magán jellegű támogatásoknak van erősebb hatása mind az önkéntességre, mind a munkaviszony jellegű foglalkoztatásra.
Rejtett éhség kérdése
Authors: Fróna Dániel , Harangi-Rákos Mónika
Published: July 2019

Az élelmiszer- és élelmezésbiztonság területén számos kihívás vár az emberiségre. A népesség növekedése mellett az urbanizáció, az éghajlatváltozás, a globális környezeti változások és a gazdasági egyenlőtlenség, valamint az instabilitás is nagymértékben befolyásolja a kiegyensúlyozott élelmiszerellátást. A WHO (2018) tanulmánya alapján elmondható, hogy nem csak az éhezés felszámolása jelent problémát, hanem a jólétünk fokozódása is. Miközben 0,8 milliárd ember attól szenved, hogy nincs számára elérhető elegendő élelmiszer, addig a globális népesség 33%-a túlsúlyos, amiből 30% elhízott. Hosszú távon tehát fokozódó jólétünk is egyre nagyobb problémát okozhat. Háromféle, egymással párhuzamosan létező, mégis összefüggő táplálkozási problémát kell kiemelni: ezek az éhezés és az alultápláltság, a mikroelem-hiány, továbbá a túlzott mértékű táplálkozás és elhízás. Ez a három egészségügyi probléma a közegészségügyre nézve jelent komoly terheket, amelyet a táplálkozás biztonságával és az élelmiszerbiztonsággal összefüggésben kell vizsgálni.
Pop-kereskedelempolitika – az Egyesült Államok kereskedelempolitikájának aktualitásai
Authors: Erdey László , Tőkés Tibor
Published: July 2019

Tanulmányunkban az előzmények rövid áttekintését követően három nagyobb területen kívánjuk az Egyesült Államok kereskedelempolitikájában történt közelmúltbeli és napjainkban is zajló változásokat rendszerezni: a TPP-hez és a WTO-hoz való viszony megváltozását, az Észak-Amerikai Szabadkereskedelmi Egyezmény újratárgyalását, valamint az elsősorban Kínával kitört kereskedelmi háborút próbáljuk elhelyezni a korábbi kereskedelempolitikai gyakorlat, a populizmus és az amerikai gazdaságpolitika által a protekcionizmuson kívül más eszközökkel nem megválaszolt kérdések keretrendszerében.
Personality Traits and Their Validity in Predicting Job Performance at Recruitment: a Review
Authors: Alhendi Osama
Published: July 2019

One of the most critical challenges human resources management usually faces is the procedure of recruitment and selection. At the recruitment, the factor of qualification is very important. However, HR management should take into account the personality of the candidate. For example, most of the companies' profits rely on the performance of the frontline employee and their behavior toward the customer. Therefore, HR management usually uses the assessment of personality and integrity. Based on the literature, there is a correlation between personality traits and job performance. This study is a literature review analysis which contains previous studies in regard to the of Big Five Factors at the recruitment and their validity in predicting employee’s performance in the firm.
Sport, mint a stressz ellenszere
Authors: Keczeli Danica
Published: July 2019

A tanulmány a mentális egészség, a reziliencia és észlelt stressz kapcsolatát vizsgálja szabadidő– és a versenysportolók körében. A vizsgált tényezőket mérő három kérdőívet (Keyes-féle Mentális Egészség Kontinuum Skála, Észlelt Stressz Kérdőív és 10 tételes CD-RISC kérdőív) összesen 436 fő töltötte ki, ebből 297 versenysportoló és 139 szabadidősportoló válaszadó volt. Kutatási kérdésem az volt, hogy van-e különbség e három változó tekintetében, valamint a reziliencia és észlelt stressz hogyan hatnak a mentális egészség három faktorára, szabadidő- és verseny sportolók körében. A kapott eredményekből látható, hogy minden változó esetében a verseny sportolók jobb átlag értéket értek el, mint a szabadidő sportolók, valamint az átlag értékek szignifikáns eltérését az érzelmi és szociális jóllét változó esetében ki tudtam mutatni. Továbbá az emocionális jóllétre az észlelt stressz nagyobb hatással bírt, míg a pszichológiai- és szociális jóllétre inkább a reziliencia pozitív hatása érvényesült.
Clinical Features, Course and Indicators of Endothelial Function and Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Response in Patients with Chronic Coronary Artery Disease Depending on Affected Coronary Artery Number
Authors: Kupnovytska Iryna , Romanyshyn Nelia
Published: July 2019

In Ukraine, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and rank second among primary diseases. Nowadays the most common cardiovascular disease is coronary artery disease that accounts for 33.7% of total cardiovascular pathology cases.

           The objective of the research was to study clinical manifestations and indicators of endothelial function and immune-inflammatory response in the patients with coronary artery disease, heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction depending on affected coronary artery number.

           Materials and methods. The study included 62 patients with chronic coronary artery disease, heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction who underwent coronary artery stenting. Among the examined patients, males prevailed – 52 (83.9%) individuals. All the patients were randomized according to the number of the affected coronary arteries and divided into two groups. Clinical manifestations were studied; the patients’ quality of life was assessed; the functional state of the myocardium was determined according to the six-minute walk test; the indicators of endothelial dysfunction were analyzed by endothelin-l level; the indicators of immune inflammatory response were analyzed by serum levels of C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor. 

           Results. In the examined patients, the clinical course did not depend on the number of the affected coronary arteries; however, to reduce the incidence of cardiac pain, the patients with multivessel coronary artery disease received 2±0.1 extra nitroglycerin tablets.

           Conclusions. Quality of life and physical well-being were better in the patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease (p<0.05). Myocardial functional reserves were lower in the patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (p<0.05), while the intensity of immune inflammation and endothelial dysfunction reduced in case of multivessel coronary artery disease that confirmed a strong correlation between the indicators of tumor necrosis factor and endothelin-l.
Peculiarities of the Course and Provision of Medical Care to Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Precarpathian Region
Authors: Nesterak Roksolana
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Cardiovascular diseases are the first ones in mortality among other diseases. Particular attention should be paid to patients after acute coronary syndrome, since their quality of life, the possibility of restoration of work capacity.

Objective of the research. To evaluate indicators of medical care provision for patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Precarpathian region.

Materials and methods. The medical-geographical indicators, data of the local registry (2014-2018) included clinical and objective parameters, peculiarities of the course, rehabilitation and treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Results. The peculiarities of the course of acute coronary syndrome, clinical characteristics of patients depend on the form of IHD and the applied method of ACS treatment. There is an increase of the number of PCI performance and the reduction of TLT, the percentage of admission of patients up to 2 hours remains low. The increase of PCI performed in the districts of the region in the dynamics from 2014 to 2018 has been determined, as well as the geographical peculiarities of the Ivano-Frankivsk region. The percentage of patients’ undergoing rehabilitation after acute coronary syndrome remains low.

Conclusions. The Precarpathian region has a number peculiarities that are related to the location of the region. Taking into account the characteristics will contribute to the improvement of the organizational model of medical care provision in the region.
Optimization of the Prediction of Arterial Hypertension Development in the Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on the Background of Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Dysplasia
Authors: Sherstiuk Liudmyla
Published: July 2019

In recent years, disorders of connective tissue metabolism that are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases have attracted increasing attention. They are of particular importance in the presence of connective tissue dysplasia. Undifferentiated forms, being a frequent component of comorbid pathology, are quite widespread among the general population. Among comorbidities, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in various combinations are more often observed.

 

The objective of the research was to determine the prognostic significance of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in the development of arterial hypertension in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods. To determine the prognostic significance of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in the development of arterial hypertension, there was conducted an analysis of hospital discharge reports received by the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus duration of at least 2 years who were treated two to five years ago. The predictive significance of the factors selected for the analysis was determined through applying the regression analysis using a logistic regression model, the Wald test.

Results. The test for coincidence of the predicted and observed values revealed that the specificity of the regression model was 87.2%, while its sensitivity was 89.7%. The overall predictability was 88.5%.

Conclusions. These are quite high indicators that allow us to apply the proposed model to detect the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus being at high risk of arterial hypertension.
Analisis senam angguk di Kabupaten Kulonprogo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Mulyaningsih Farida
Published: July 2019

Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan, menganalisis, dan menginterpretasikan Senam Angguk di Kabupaten Kulonprogo Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode atau jenis penelitian yang digunakan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yaitu dengan mengobservasi langsung ke lapangan kemudian melakukan wawancara ringan tentang Senam Angguk dan mengambil film sebagai dokumentasi. Kemudian menganalisis Senam Angguk yang ada di Kabupaten Kulonprogo dengan melibatkan pakar senam sebagai Expert Jusment. Setelah dianalisis apakah Senam Angguk termasuk dalam karakteristik senam, maka diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: Senam Angguk cenderung masuk dalam senam aerobik ringan, dengan intensitas waktu yang relatif pendek (15 menit), dengan tujuan untuk rekreatif, dan dapat untuk menjaga kebugaran lansia muda kurang lebih usia 50 tahun. Namun secara sistematika, gerakan masih banyak yang tidak berurutan. Analyzing the Angguk Exercise in the Regency of Kulonprogo  AbstractThe study aims at describing, analysing and interpreting Angguk Exercise in the Regency of Kulonprogo, the Province of Yogyakarta Special Region. The study is a qualitative research using direct observation, small interview and film documentation with regards to the exercise. While the study was conducted, the analysis toward the exercise involved the experts of Gymnastics as part of Expert Judgment. After Angguk exercise has been analysed, the following characteristics are found: (1) Angguk exercise is inclined to be part of light aerobic exercise with relative short time intensity (15 minutes); (2) the objective of performing Angguk exercise is recreational; and (3) the exercise is suitable for the people who has just entered the beginning of their elderhood. Despite these characteristics most of the movements in Angguk exercise are not in a good sequence.
Pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap kompetensi guru pendidikan jasmani
Authors: Fetura Arvan , Hastuti Tri Ani
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan dan Rekreasi (PJKR) 2013 terhadap kompetensi guru ditinjau dari matakuliah Persiapan Profesi Guru Pendidikan Jasmani. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatifif dengan menggunakan metode survei. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa aktif prodi PJKR angkatan 2013 FIK UNY. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan insidental sampling mengingat mahasiswa prodi PJKR angkatan 2013 sedang menempuh tugas akhir skripsi yang sulit ditemui sehingga jumlah sampel yang diperoleh adalah 120 responden dari 226 mahasiswa. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengambil data menggunakan tes. Teknik analisis data penelititan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dengan persentase. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa PJKR 2013 terhadap kompetensi guru ditinjau dari matakuliah Persiapan Profesi Guru Pendidikan Jasmani adalah sebanyak 11 mahasiswa (9.17%) kategori sangat baik, 22 mahasiswa (18,33%) kategori baik, 62 mahasiswa (51,67%) kategori cukup, 19 mahasiswa (15,83%) kategori kurang baik, dan 6 mahasiswa (5%) kategori sangat kurang baik. The level of understanding of pjkr students class 2013 on teacher competence in terms of ppg penjas  AbstractThis study aimed to determine the level of understanding of PJKR students 2013 on teacher competence in terms of Physical Education Teacher Profession Preparation course. This study is a descriptive quantitative research using survey method. The research population is active students of PJKR study program class 2013 of FIK of UNY. The sampling technique was incidental sampling students of PJKR study program class 2013, who were making undergraduate theses so they were difficult to meet so the total sample was 120 respondents of 226 students. The instrument to collect data was test. The research data analysis technique was descriptive statistics by percentage. Based on the research result, it’s concluded that the levels of understanding of PJKR students 2013 o teacher competence in terms of Physical Education Teacher Profession Preparation course are 11 students (9.17%) had very good understanding, 22 students (18,33%) had good understanding, 62 students (51,67%) had adequate understanding, 19 students (15,83%) had poor understanding, and 6 students (5%) had very poor understanding.
A Bahasa Indonesia-English translation analysis of Negeri Lima Menara and The Land of Five Towers
Authors: Hermawan Hermawan , Tanjung Sufriati
Published: July 2019

The objectives of this research were to describe the types of translation methods, to describe the types of translation procedures, to describe the changes in terms of added and reduced information, and to describe the types of cultural features found in The Land of Five Towers, compared to that of the original novel, Negeri Lima Menara. This research was a qualitative research. This qualitative research applied content analysis to analyse the data. The results of the research were as follows. (1) There were two translation methods found in this research, Semantic Method and Communicative Method. Semantic Method was proven to be the more dominant. (2) There were five translation procedures found: transposition, modulation, adaptation, contextual equivalence, and noted equivalence. Yet, the most prominent procedure applied was transposition. (3) Added information was made on: cultural expressions, names of places, and predicate of the sentences. (4) Reduced information was made on: names of Islamic scholars, arabic expressions, Indonesian expressions, etc. (5) There were five kinds of cultural features found, they were: ecology; material culture or artefacts; social culture; organisations, customs, activities, procedures, and concepts; and gestures and habits.
Developing autonomous listening learning materials for university students TOEFL preparation
Authors: Sacko Makan , Haidara Youssouf
Published: July 2019

This research was aimed at developing autonomous listening learning materials for TOEFL preparation for learners at independent language learning center (ILLC) of the language development center at YSU to help them improve their listening skills. This research was a Research and Development study which refers to development model proposed by Tomlinson (1998). The subjects of this research were 30 learners who are members of ILLC. Data were collected using questionnaires and open-ended interviews. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the research reveal that the appropriate listening learning materials for TOEFL preparation consist of printed materials and audio recording containing the listening skills to find the  main topic, to find the main idea, to find the implied meaning, to make prediction, to determine the meaning of idiomatic expressions, to find details information, to draw conclusions, to find suggestions, and to make inferences. The learners’ role is as active listeners and to answer  multiple choice questions, the learning activities include many listening practices, clear instructions, reflection and answer keys. Units are designed of Unit number/title, learning objectives, hints/tips, main activities and reflection. The appropriate tasks consist of warm-up, matching expressions to the pictures, matching words to their meanings, guessing, anticipating the topics and or questions, listening practices, note-taking.
AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ-ANS KAMPÜSÜ (AFYONKARAHİSAR) YERALTISULARININ HİDROJEOKİMYASI VE KULLANILABİLİRLİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: BAŞARAN Can
Published: July 2019

Bu
çalışmada Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer kampüsü içerisinde
yer alan yeraltısularının hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri ile kalite ve kirlilik
durumunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla kampüs içerisinde yer alan 5
adet yeraltısuyu kuyusundan örnek alınmıştır. Elde edilen analiz sonularına
göre yeraltısularının Na-Ca-HCO3 bileşimli olduğu ve tamamının aynı
rezervuardan beslendiği belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin içilebilirlik özeliklerinin
belirlenmesinde TS266 (2005), WHO (2011) ve İTASHY (2013) standart ve
yönetmeliklerinden ve Schoeller içilebilirlik diyagramından faydalanılmıştır.
İçilebilirlik açısından su örnekleri sahip oldukları element içeriklerine bağlı
olarak farklı özellikler sunmakta olup genel olarak; kaynak suları dışındaki insani
tüketim amaçlı sular, içme ve kullanma suları sınıfında yeralmaktadırlar. Sulama suyu kalitesinin
değerlendirilmesinde EC (elektriksel iletkenlik), SAR (sodyum adsorbsiyon
oranı) ve % Na (yüzde sodyum), RSC (artıksal sodyum
karbonat), MT
(magnezyum tehlikesi), KR (Kelley oranı)  ve PI (geçirgenlik indeksi) gibi kimyasal
indeks hesaplamaları yapılmıştır.  Bu
hesaplamalara göre genel olarak tüm sular sulamaya uygun olmakla birlikte bu
suların kullanılacağı bitkilerin özenle seçilmesi gerekmektedir. Çevrede yer
alan jeotermal sular ile bölgenin toprak yapısının aşırı tuzlu olması ve yakın
çevrede gerçekleştirilen tarım faaliyetleri incelenen suların kullanım
özelliklerini etkileyen olası parametrelerdir.
TARIFF ELIMINATION UNDER THE TRANS-PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON INDONESIA’S TRADE BALANCE
Authors: Sahu Pritish Kumar
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Indonesia has signed, and is in the process of signing, many bilateral and regional Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). Whether these trade agreements will benefit Indonesia on the economic front or not is still a matter for discussion. Background Problem: Signing TPP, raises many questions as to how this would affect the countries in Asian regions, including Indonesia. Novelty: Considering the criticism of CGE (Computer General Equilibrium) model, this paper uses the SMART simulation model, based on a partial equilibrium approach, to estimate the aggregate and commodity-level gains and losses for Indonesia with its partner countries during the post-tariff elimination period. Research Method: This study uses the World Bank’s World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) Database. This database contains trade data for all the countries under a different nomenclature viz. at the two-digit, four-digit, and six-digit level. We use the HS-classified nomenclature at the six-digit level in order to estimate the impact of the removal of tariffs on Indonesia’s trade, i.e. both exports and imports. Findings: The finding reveals that if Indonesia does not take part in the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement, it will still have a trade surplus of $1.6 billion with the Trans-Pacific countries but joining the bloc would result in a trade deficit of $19 million. Joining the bloc would increase the imports from Japan, followed by the United States and Australia as against an increase in exports to the United States, followed by Malaysia and Vietnam. The post Trans-Pacific Partnership period will have many implications for Indonesia, it may face difficulties exporting to the member countries, even with an existing trade agreement, while in the long run the Trans-Pacific Partnership bloc could limit Indonesia’s trade prospects with these Pacific Rim countries and it may limit Indonesia influencing WTO outcomes. Conclusion: Trade agreements seem to have benefited Indonesia’s economy and its people in many ways over the years, even though it has an important cost for some people.
ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR OF MICRO AND SMALL BUSINESS HOUSEHOLDS IN A BRANCHLESS BANKING SYSTEM
Authors: Mangani Ktut Silvanita , Syaukat Yusman , Arifin Bustanul , Tambunan Mangara
Published: July 2019

Introduction: This study aims to analyze how the existence of branchless banking in rural areas affects the economic behavior of the micro and small business households, and vice versa. Background Problem:  Within the framework at inclusive finance program, Indonesia has implemented the branchless banking model. However, the impact of the branchless banking system to micro and small business household has not discussed yet. Research Method: The research was conducted in Bogor District, with many remote villages adjacent to Jakarta, a capital city of Indonesia. A total of 97 samples of micro and small business households were selected from 13 sub-districts. The estimation was conducted using 2SLS method. The model describes the existing condition that explains the uniqueness of the economic behavior of the micro and small business households in a branchless banking system. Novelty: Studies related to branchless banking generally analyzed from the perspective of banking institutions. However, this study focusses on supply side, namely it analyzDe the household economic behavior using simultaneously equation model. Findings: The results show that the presence of branchless banking agents, as measured by the value of the transactions conducted by the households, have little effect on the economic behavior of the micro and small business households. On the other hand, the economic behavior variables which are expected to affect the value of the transactions do not occur. The results explain that the utilization of the banking services provided through agents in the branchless banking system is in the form of payment transactions. In addition, the presence of branchless banking in rural areas has not affected production activities and vice versa. Conclusion: This study suggests a further study to find out the factors that make business actors unwilling to perform financial transactions related to their production activities through branchless banking agents.
Analisis Biaya Penyakit Stroke Pasien Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional di RSUD Blambangan Banyuwangi
Authors: Mazidah Zulfa , Yasin Nanang Munif , Kristina Susi Ari
Published: July 2019

Cost analysis of chronic diseases in health care facilities during JKN is needed as quality and cost control. Stroke is a high cost, volume, and risk, catastrophic disease that can cause an increase in medical expenses, which requires special attention. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of real costs and cost components, providing an overview of the direct medical costs and tariff packages of INA-CBGs based on the type of stroke, and the factors that affect direct medical costs. This study is a descriptive-analytic observational study according to the hospital perspective. Data was taken retrospectively. The subjects of the study were adult JKN patients who were aged ≥18 years old with a stroke diagnosis that entered the inclusion criteria. The research variables included age, gender, type of stroke, comorbidity, hospitalization class, length of stay (LOS), and real costs. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The research results obtained total real costs of Rp. 1,525,236,503 with an average cost of Rp. 4,872,960, the largest cost component was the cost of drugs and BMHP Rp. 402,248,555 (27.21%). The real cost of hemorrhagic strokes is Rp. 572,969,865 and the INA-CBGs tariff package is Rp. 483,804,000, the real cost of ischemic stroke is Rp. 1,107,055,700. There were significant differences in real cost from class factors and length of stay (p-value <0.005). The concluded that the INA-CBGs tariff package is insufficient to finance hospitalized patients with hemorrhagic strokes (-Rp89.165,865), but sufficient for ischemic stroke (+Rp.154,789,069).
Prevalensi Penggunaan Fall Risk Medicine pada Pasien Lanjut Usia di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Madiun
Authors: Rahmawati Fita , Mustafidah Nasikhatul , Annisa Lily
Published: July 2019

The use of certain drugs is known to be an extrinsic factor the risk of falling in the elderly (elderly) because it can cause postural hypotension, sedation, dizziness, weakness, drowsiness, muscle weakness, and other side effects. This study aims to determine the profile of drug use that have the potential to fall in the elderly. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design with purposive sampling technique. The study was carried out at two regional hospitals in Madiun (RSUD Dr. Soedono Madiun and RSUD Kota Madiun). The data is sourced from the outpatient's medical record of Neurology and Internal Medicine clinics and from the medication record in the Pharmacy Installation from May to October 2018. The results showed that there were 343 patients (64.11%) out of 535 patients involved in the study using fall risk medicines (FRM). Three FRM groups that were often prescribed were antihypertensive 52.71% (282 patients), anticonvulsants 20.19% (108 patients), and benzodiazepines 10.47% (56 patients). A number of 46.54% (249 patients) used FRM included in the low-risk category (Medication Fall Risk Score 1-5), and as many as 17.57% (94 patients) were included in high risk (Medication Fall Risk Score ≥ 6). The elderly that use 1 FRM was 24.86% (133 patients), followed by 2 drugs was 19.07% (102 patients). The results of this study realized that the use of fall risk medicines in the elderly is quite high, so it is necessary to weigh the risks and benefits of its use to prevent falls in the elderly.
Generasi Milenial dan Strategi Pengelolaan SDM Era Digital
Authors: Perdana Ariwan
Published: July 2019

-
Exploring Existentialist Democracy as Alternative Ethics for Human Sustainable Development in Africa
Authors: Adekeye Daniel O.
Published: July 2019

The challenge of reconciling private and public interests is a major concern for scholars, formulators and managers of development policies and implementations. This challenge has attracted a great deal of attention in classical philosophical and political discourses. Marxism presented the development of class-consciousness in terms of the relationship between the individual and his or her group. Classical liberalism represented the growing intellectual and political forces against all social and political systems that impeded the release of energies and passions of the individuals. However, this paper observes that these classical theories may be inadequate in their analyses and prescriptions as guides for the understanding of group-individual relationship. Therefore, the paper proposes existentialist democracy as an alternative theory leading to a new paradigm for development in Africa.
UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF RUPATADINE FUMARATE IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY USING SINGLE POINT STANDARDIZATION METHOD
Authors: BASHA S. SHAKIR , MANIKANTA S. , JAHNAVI T.
Published: July 2019

Objective: To develop and validate a simple, selective, precise and accurate method for the estimation of rupatadine fumarate in bulk and tablet dosage form by using the single point standardization method as per international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines.

Methods: In this proposed method, the absorbance of a standard solution of known concentration and a sample solution was measured. From this, the concentration of the unknown can be calculated.

Results: Rupatadine fumarate showed maximum absorbance at 246 nm with methanol. Linearity was checked in different concentrations. The calibration curve was obtained in the range of 2-10 µg/ml. The slope, intercept and correlation coefficient (R2) values of Rupatadine fumarate were found to be 0.047, 0.0034 and 0.9995 respectively. Intra-day and inter-day precision studies were carried out and there % RSD values were found within limits i.e. less than 2%. The recovery studies were carried out by adding a known amount of standard drug to preanalysed formulation and % Recovery was found to be within 99.7-101.6%. LOD and LOQ of Rupatadine fumarate were found to be 0.1 µg/ml and 0.3 µg/ml respectively. Robustness studies were performed at different wavelengths and the % RSD was found within the limits i.e. less than 2 %.

Conclusion: The developed single point standardization method for the estimation of Rupatadine fumarate was found to be simple, precise, accurate, reproducible and cost-effective. Statistical analysis of the developed method confirms that the proposed method is an appropriate and it can be useful for the routine analysis. The proposed method gives the basic idea to the researcher who is working in the area like product development.
IMPACT OF PHARMACIST INTERVENTION ON MEDICATION KNOWLEDGE AND ADHERENCE IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: RODRIGUES PRUDENCE A. , Saji Avin , Raj Pooja , Sony Sachin
Published: July 2019

Objective: The objectives of the study are to evaluate the medication knowledge and medication adherence in patients undergoing haemodialysis and to educate the patients regarding the importance of medication adherence through counseling by providing Patient Information Leaflets and to analyze its impact.

Methods: 50 Patients were randomly divided into two groups (control and test). Patient data was collected and documented using the patient data collection form after obtaining their consent. Their knowledge and medication adherence were assessed using questionnaires and was quantified. Patients included in the test group were counseled using Patient Information Leaflets whereas the control group was not counseled. Re-assessment was done during follow up for both groups.

Results: Paired t-test was done to check if there was a significant difference in both the test and control group, with and without the use of Patient Information Leaflets respectively. The study showed that the test group had significant improvement (P<0.05) in their medication adherence and knowledge whereas there was no significant change in the control group.

Conclusion: Providing patient counseling and continuous education with efforts to improve awareness among haemodialysis patients could enhance adherence to therapies and thus could improve clinical outcomes and quality of life.
FORMULATION, DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF TRAMADOL EXTENDED RELEASE TABLETS
Authors: GUPTA SANJAY KUMAR , HUNEZA AFRAH , PATRA SRADHANJALI
Published: July 2019

Objective: The objective of the present study was to develop “once daily” extended release tablets of tramadol (100 mg) by wet granulation using hydrophilic polymer like hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose K100M,K15M and polyethylene oxide (PEO).

Methods: The tramadol matrix tablets were prepared by using different polymers like hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K15M and K100M), polyethylene oxide (PEO) as the nontoxic and easily available suitable matrix system. The extended release tablets of tramadol (400 mg) were prepared wet granulation technique. Different pre compression and post compression were performed. In vitro dissolution tests were performed and percentage drug release was calculated. The fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies conducted on pure drug tramadol and the optimize formulation (T6). Different release models like zero order, first order, higuchi and Korsemeyer-Peppas were applied to in vitro drug release data in order to evaluate the drug release mechanisms and kinetics.

Results: Pre compression and post compression parameters satisfied with pharmacopeia specifications. The In vitro release studies were performed using USP type II apparatus showed that optimized formulation T6 consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO) with 25 mg of the polymer was found to extended release of tramadol over a period of 24h. The optimized formulation T6 followed the zero order kinetics as correlation coefficient (r2) values are higher than that of first-order release kinetics. In order to understand the complex mechanism of drug release from the optimized formulation T6 matrix system, the in vitro release rate were fitted to Korsemeyer-Peppas model and the release exponent value (n) obtained was 0.82105 exhibited anomalous (non fickian) diffusion mechanism.

Conclusion: The present study shows that polyethylene oxide was found to play a great role in controlling release of tramadol from the matrix system. Accordingly it can be concluded that the formulation is robust in the performance is less likely to be affected by the various factors studied.
DEVELOPMENT OF VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING METHOD BY RP-HPLC FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF MEROPENEM AND VABORBACTAM IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION
Authors: Mudassarahemadkhan Pathan  , Ajay Kshirsagar
Published: July 2019

Objective: To develop a simple, rapid, precise and reproducible liquid chromatographic method for the estimation meropenem (MEP) and vaborbactam (VAB) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation and study of the stability of the drugs in different stressed conditions.

Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Kromasil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm) using a mobile phase composition of acetonitrile and 10 mmol phosphate buffer (pH 3.50) in a ratio 30:70 v/v, pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min with UV detection set at 260 nm.

Results: Symmetrical and sharp peaks of MEP and VAB were obtained at retention times of 2.29 and 3.10 min, respectively. The chromatographic method was validated for linearity, limits of detection and quantitation, precision, accuracy, system suitability and robustness. Calibration curves were obtained in the concentration ranges of 25–150 μg/ml for MEP and VAB. Stability tests done through the exposure of the analytes solution for different stress conditions and the obtained results indicate no interference of degradants with HPLC method.

Conclusion: The proposed method has been found to be selective, precise, linear, accurate, and sensitive. The method can be successfully applied to the assay determination of bulk drugs and combined dosage forms for routine analysis.
From Gaze to Witness: Masculinity and Loss in George Shaw’s Paintings of Tile Hill
Authors: Oliver Elisa
Published: July 2019

This paper explores the gaze as witness in George Shaw’s painting of Tile Hill. Considering Shaw’s process of making in the series ‘Scenes of the Passion’ (1990-2017) the paper addresses the relationship of site, memory and gaze in a negotiation of masculinity and loss in these images.
Wilkie Collins and Oscar Wilde: Challenging Intersections Between the Male and Female Gaze in Victorian Popular Literature
Authors: Henderson Leah
Published: July 2019

Wilkie Collins’s The Woman in White (1860) and Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890) are novels significant for their distinct awareness of the socio-political power of the gaze. In this essay, I will reveal how these authors use the male and female gaze in similar and contrasting ways. In particular, I shall explore the ways they denounce the patriarchal Victorian system, which renders the act of gazing a power that is both objectifying and degrading. Gazing enacts itself to varying degrees through the social hierarchy, indicating whom can objectify whom, and can enact upon what they choose to see. This hierarchy of Victorian English society is so varied by class, wealth, gender, and race that the gaze in these texts does not always operate in the same way. These complicated intricacies of the gaze are what make these novels require such in-depth analysis, because of the multiple ways in which the gaze can work according to individual scenarios. Both authors portray these complicated intricacies by using both the male and female gaze in the text. While academic critique usually separates these two gazes due to their gender, the novels of Collins and Wilde reveal how important it is to study them together, because while the gaze affects people individually, it is essentially a collective interaction. Collins and Wilde take separate approaches in depicting the gaze: the former testing the capability of the reader to look beyond the coercive statements of the first-person narrator, and the latter an omnipresent third-person narrator. Together, these different approaches increase reader understanding of the mechanical workings of the gaze and therefore complements a comparative analysis of the two novels.
Gregg Bordowitz: Criticising Representation in Order to Represent People With AIDS
Authors: Shields Isabella
Published: July 2019

Gregg Bordowitz’s literary and artistic output is seminal to postmodern art theory, institutional critique, and post-AIDS queer theory. This paper demonstrates both the need for appropriate self-representation for People With AIDS, and the insidious culture of disavowal and dehumanisation of PWAs that artists like Bordowitz confronted and discredited.
Joyce’s Exiles: A Reception History
Authors: Benoit Alex
Published: July 2019

Exiles — James Joyce’s lone extant play — has been the subject of scholarly neglect for the past century, with scholars dooming it as an Ibsenian knockoff and “a wholly bad play” (Kenner, 9). I suggest that we look at Exiles in a wholly different context, instead reading it as a theatrical entity worthy of the stage and not reading it as a work of fiction with accompanying stage directions. Far from suggesting that Exiles is Joyce’s magnum opus, I attempt to elevate the status of the place by suggesting that the 1970 revivalist staging of the play helped to catapult the theatrical career of Nobel laureate Harold Pinter. I further gesticulate toward possibilities and opportunities for the gestation of a more complete critical edition.
Breaking Down Walls
Authors: Cleverley James
Published: July 2019

This article examines the issues of authenticity that accompany Marten Persiel’s award winning ‘hybrid’ documentary This Ain’t California (2012). Taking on the appearance of a traditional documentary, Persiel’s film tells the little-known story of a skating subculture in 1980s East Germany. Occupying a contentious space between documentary and fiction, This Ain’t California’s form and content raise questions of authenticity. When it comes to cultural memory and storytelling, this paper posits that plural, material, and emotional authenticities can be usefully revealed by breaking down the perceived wall the separates the broad ontologies of ‘truth’ and ‘fiction’. Nuance in this regard is as vital as ever: memories of the German Democratic Republic remain contested, despite three decades having passed since the fall of the Berlin Wall.

An analysis of technologies and techniques of filmmaking is tied together with central focus on the embodied spectator’s perception within the film-experience; this study touches on the “memory work” (Kuhn) of This Ain’t California through an investigative framework that considers the relations between two bodies – those belonging to both viewer and film. Of particular interest is how the filmmakers (re)create the everyday by shooting ‘amateur’ skate clips with Super 8 cameras. Presenting these ‘falsified’ sequences as archival footage, in accordance with generic documentary conventions, the film arouses salient points for examining how the spectator is affected by mediated cultural memories.
Barriers to the Self
Authors: Wall Natalie
Published: July 2019

This article explores Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar (1967) and Elizabeth Wurtzel’s Prozac Nation (1994) through the effects that depression has on the creation and perception of self in young women. Depression is explored in terms of the barriers it erects around young women’s attempts to conceptualise selfhood as it forms in adolescence. This article particularly focuses on the problem of productivity in both texts as protagonists Esther Greenwood and Elizabeth Wurtzel appear to view productivity, particularly academic and literary, as the means through which they will create and establish a coherent self. This fetishised productivity is halted by their depressions, illustrating a further tension between the wider capitalist society which demands productivity and the destabilising nature of depression. Whilst Esther and Elizabeth have different experiences, due to the periods of composition, both characters and texts have striking similarities which suggest that there is a common thread which unites the experiences of female depression in the late twentieth century.