bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Optimization of Elevator Mechanism in Roller Module Rapid Replacement System
Authors: Xu Hong Hui , Zhang Zi Qiang , Li Run Dian , Zeng Ling Sheng
Published: August 2014

The elevator mechanism in roller module rapid replacement system had been designed and an optimal math model had been established aiming at the maximum thrust demanded for hydraulic cylinder of the elevator mechanism is too large in this paper. In the model, installation positional parameters of the hydraulic cylinder are used as design variables; the minimum installation distance of the hydraulic cylinder, triangle position relations formed by hydraulic cylinder and design variables, and so on are used as constraint conditions; the maximum thrust of hydraulic cylinder is used as objective functions. And the model had been solved by using the MATLAB software. The case optimization result shows: the maximum thrust of hydraulic cylinder is lessened. And design purpose has been realized.
Structural Analysis for Space-Swing Mechanism on Gyratory Compactor
Authors: Qian Jing , Meng Ling Wei
Published: August 2014

Based on the automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems software, both rigid and flexible models of the space-swing mechanism for the superpave gyratory compactor are developed. The structural analysis shows that the length and the initial phase of cranks, and the assembling accuracy (coordinates) of some points are very sensitive relative to the waving of compaction angle. Greater rigidity helps stabilize the change of the compaction angles.
Research on Calibration Method of Structure Parameters of Parallel Mechanism Based on MATLAB
Authors: Wei Yong Geng , Wang Zhong Xian , Wang Rui , Fan Yu Chao
Published: August 2014

The PM is the closed mechanical structure and its two platforms is connected by multiple branched. The PM is different from the serial mechanism and has many structure parameters. And the structure parameters will greatly influence the mechanism output precision. After the PM assembly is completed, the structure parameters are difficult to measure by the measuring tools. This paper presents a calibration method of structure parameters. Firstly, the destination is to ensure the structure parameters in the range of certain error through the manufacturing, assembly and the auxiliary tool detection. Secondly, the optimization mathematical model of structure parameters for PM is established by using the optimum performance of the MATLAB software, which makes the continuous learning through the sample data for PM. After continuous optimization, ideal approximate solution of the structure parameters is found in meeting the precision error range. By MATLAB simulation, the method is feasible.
Analysis of High Pressure Transients in Water Hydraulic Pipeline Using Matlab/Simulink
Authors: Zhao Tian Yang , Jiang Dan , Yu Song , Wang Jie , Yang Ping
Published: August 2014

Based on the continuity equation and the motion equation of fluid dynamics, a mathematical model of high pressure transients in water hydraulic pipeline is presented. In the model, the friction item is consist of steady friction item and dynamic friction item, using the Darcy-Weisbach equation to solve steady viscous friction item and using four exponential terms instead of weighting function to solve dynamic friction item. By finite difference method accompanied with Matlab/Simulink, an example of high pressure turbulent flow in water hydraulic pipeline is configured so as to simulate the dynamic characteristics of pressure transients. The comparison between the observed result and the simulation result shows the mathematical model of high pressure transients in water hydraulic pipeline with turbulent flow is reasonable.
Design of a Large-Torque Precise Cable Drive Mechanism
Authors: Tang Wei Dong , Zhou Qing Kun , Fan Da Peng , Xiong Fei Tuan , Xia Nian Zhong
Published: August 2014

Precise cable drive has been developed as a new-style transmission element that has the advantages of low backlash, high stiffness, high efficiency, no friction and no lubrication, and is widely used in electro-optical tracking system. A precise cable drive mechanism is designed in this paper. Its torque output is greater than 50Nm and precision is less than 0.1mrad. Size of the cable is selected base on the maximum load of the cable evaluated in the process of the reciprocating motion. In order to improve the driving capacity, design the cable-groove match strategy with the non-intervene cable wrapping method. A figure eight pattern wrapped method and screw pitch of the cable wrapped line is designed. The influence of the contact angle on the preload force and the influence of the preload force on the backlash are simulated by the software Matlab when the mechanism driving the maximum load. At last magnitude of the contact angle and the preload force is confirmed.
A Piezo/Gear Compound Drive: Principles Analysis and Simulation
Authors: Xie Xin , Fan Shi Xun , Fan Da Peng , Liu Hua
Published: August 2014

Increasing demands regarding the light-weight, high-torque and high-precision actuator are inducing the need for new actuators and new drive principles. This paper introduces a novel principle for transforming the linear motion of high performance piezoelectric actuators into continuous rotation is implemented by two piezoelectric actuators acting on a driving gear covering a driven gear with a slightly smaller diameter. By driving the piezoelectric actuators, the driving gear is energized to move on a circular trajectory around the driven gear which is thereby slowly rotated. Firstly, the structure and driving mechanism is introduced. Secondly, transmission ratio, the demand driving force and displacement are analyzed theoretically and by the means of simulation analysis. Finally, the bottlenecks of mechanism design and machining are presented. Some instructive reference for the structure design of Piezo/Gear compound drive is provided.
Venation-Like Layout Design of Plate's Stiffeners
Authors: Li Yong Xin , Wu Feng He , Cheng Fei Xia , Wang Jun , Wang Wei Yuan
Published: August 2014

Traditional orthogonal pattern is ordinarily employed in stiffener configurations of plates in engineering. Layout optimization design of the stiffeners can realize the win-win situation of structure lightweight and bearing property. The existing methods generally transform the challenge into strengthening regional distribution, and the resulting vague regions need identification by post-processing technology. Structure similarity exists between dicotyledonous venation pattern and irregular stiffener distribution. The paper extracted some mechanical factors from the topology regularity and morphogenesis theory of dicotyledonous venation, and static bionic mechanical model was constructed for bionic rib pattern. A new venation growth method with hierarchical veins was proposed based on it. Then typical plate example was designed for proper stiffener distribution, and compared through static experiment.
Design and Co-Simulation Analysis of Flip Climbing Transmission System for Stair-Climbing Wheelchair
Authors: Wang Zhan Li , Hu Yan Juan , Chen Yan Wei , Guo Hua Chao
Published: August 2014

:
In this paper, I designed a differential planetary gear for flip climbing transmission system which was applied to the star-climbing wheelchair. According to space limitation and the stair climbing per
formance requirements, distributing the number of teeth for each gear under transmission ratio requirements. Furthermore, modifying tooth profile parameters on each gear for improving the quality of the transmission. Using SolidWorks software established
t
he three-dimensional model. Then impact and contact simulated analysis is studied based on the SolidWorks Motion Plugins to get transmission and meshing condition. At the same time, gave the SolidWorks Motion output data as a result of the input data to t
h
e SolidWorks Simulation. Through the simulation results validate the output center gear tooth can meet the carrying capacity requirements. On the other hand, it also provides theoretical basis for further improve the structure design.
Simulation and Experiment Study of Heat Dissipation of Heavy-Duty Vertical Lathe Faceplate
Authors: Yang Xiao Dong , Gao Bing Wei , Lei Wan Cao , Zhang Yan Qin , Yu Liang , Wang Dong , Li Zhong Qi
Published: August 2014

In order to obtain the heat dissipation regularity of heavy-duty vertical lathe faceplate with a large radius, mathematical model of convection heat transfer is established. According to the model, convection heat transfer process of the faceplate is analyzed at the velocity of 10~80rpm. The results show that velocity increasing not only impacts a greater influence on the temperature rising of hydrostatic bearing than the temperature rising of faceplate, but also drives the heat increased the heat dissipation, degenerated the heat concentration phenomenon. Experimental results shows consistent to the faceplate temperature numerical simulation results, the maximum error is 5%, which indicating that the numerical results conform physical regularities, the heat transfer mathematical model extends the range of applications of rotation convection heat transfer, so that vertical lathe heat dissipation situation analysis can be easier and more accurate.
Adaptable Interface Design of Roller Module Rapid Replacement System
Authors: Xu Hong Hui , Zhang Zi Qiang , Li Run Dian , Zeng Ling Sheng
Published: August 2014

The research actuality and development of roller module replacement technology are talked over in this paper. Positioning scheme of one plane and two pins with the special rounded edge diamond pin that is suitable for the longer roller is discussed, which is meeting the parallelism tolerance requirement for the roller within the full length; thus reducing manufacturing tolerance requirement for the spacing between pin axes and reducing manufacturing difficulty. And on this basis, adaptable interface design of roller module rapid replacement system which is suitable for the longer roller has been completed. The invention patent on the roller module rapid replacement system has already been applied for, and the precise positioning of roller module can be realized.
Design of a Spool Valve Overlap Value Pneumatic Measuring System Based on Constant Pressure Control
Authors: Song Rui Qi , Wang Guang Lin
Published: August 2014

Pressure type pneumatic measuring is the most wildly used method in overlap value testing, which depends strongly on the constant pressure of gas supplying. However,control of pressureisrarely done before.This paper presentsa design of a new overlap value measuring system with pressure control sub-system, mechanical platformand a program-controlled sub-system. A hybrid controller is developed combined with fuzzyself-adjusting PID and time-optimal control. The final version of this controller is a computationally efficient analytic scheme suitable for implementation in thereal-time closed-loop pressure digitalcontrol. At last, the system control software developed on LabVIEW is briefly introduced.
Researches on Virtual Machining Simulation of Flexible Manufacturing Cell Based on KUKA Robot
Authors: Yu Tian Biao , Zhang Xu , Xu Xiu Ling , Geng Lei , Wang Wan Shan
Published: August 2014

Flexible manufacturing cell (FMC) was the extension of the CNC machining center,which consisted of three portions , a CNC machining center , an industrial robot and unified by a the background computer programmable control. In order to guarantee the rationality and feasibility of the automatic operation loading and unloading workpieces , the simulation object was based on the KUKA robot of flexible manufacturing cell in this paper, which based on MATLAB/GUI and combinated of VRML language and information transmission method development between MATLAB and the simulation system of flexible manufacturing unit. According to the set up parameters and angles, the model was implemented. Through the control panel and the robot's real-time interactive simulation, 3d visualization window can be real-time display of the robot simulation, and validated the path planning. According to the simulation results of the model , it could provide reference to the actual movement of the KUKA robot trajectory planning, provided the better fully automated feasibility analysis of flexible manufacturing cell, and proved the improvement of flexible manufacturing unit operation scientifically and reasonably.
The Correlative Positioning Error Compensation of the Vision System and the Robot Mechanism Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Zou Hai Xin , Zou Xiang Jun , Xiong Jun Tao , Ye Min
Published: August 2014

Error analysis and compensation of positioning is one of the basic problems for robot control. There are some limitations to study the error compensation either from the perspective of vision system or mechanism of the robot. Therefore, this paper studied the error compensation from both aspects with BP neural network model. Firstly, aiming at the depth values obtained by the vision system, a depth error database was established and based on BP neural network the depth error was effectively compensated within 5mm in MATLAB simulation. Secondly, aiming at the mechanism of a robot prototype the error compensation simulation based on BP neural network in MATLAB was carried out, and the simulation result showed that the error was within ±1mm after compensation. Thirdly, the correlative positioning error was defined and its error compensation simulation was carried out in MATLAB with the BP neural networks of the vision system and the mechanism; the simulation results showed that the correlative positioning error was approximately zero in this study. Finally, the error compensation of the robot mechanism based on the BP neural network was carried out on the robot prototype HNrobot2, and the experiment results showed that the positioning error was by 60% less, which was within 5mm.
Application and Developing Trends of Mechanical Tiling Technology in the Laser Fusion Device
Authors: Si Hao , Guo Yong Bo , Liang Ying Chun
Published: August 2014

Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) is an effective method to alleviate the energy crisis . As the key segment in the construction process of laser fusion device, mechanical tiling technology has played an important role in the field of laser pulse compression and final optics assembly. For this reason, grating tiling and off-axis parabolic mirror tiling are discussed primarily in this paper. The primary principle of tiled-grating assembly design is elucidated briefly, the movement adjustment process of 1¡Á3 type tiled-grating and the driving process of 5PTSP-PPS serial-parallel tiling mechanism are reviewed. By analyzing the adjustment method of primary mirror in E-ELT, ideas to realize tiling off-axis parabolic mirror are proposed. Finally, some suggestions for further study on mechanical tiling technology are commented.
Technology and Evaluation of Urban Rail Transportation Dispatch
Authors: Yang Qing , Luo Xiao Hua , Liang Dong , Qiu Xin
Published: August 2014

In order to ease the tense situation of Chinese urban transportation, many cities carry on the planning, design, reporting, and construction of urban rail transit project; it has formed an urban rail transit boom and continued so far. This study was focused on distributive control theory of urban rail transportation, including summarized principle urban rail transit site, concubines dispatched a group of principles, summed up the basic design of the site line primaries. Through methods calculate the distance of the site Manhattan, quantitatively analysis the site traffic for the site location; adjust distribution to provide a reference, which dispatched a group of full line of urban rail transit lines. Site covering a large amount of and line total construction costs are lower, and that the line units' lower construction costs, the superiority of design as the objective function, the amount of site coverage and line total construction costs. This study has positive implications for improving urban rail design, to promote the sound development of urban rail transportation.
Effect of Cutting Speed on Wear Property of TiAlN PVD Coated Tools in High-Speed Milling of AISI P20 Mold Steel
Authors: Lin You Xi , Lin Hua , Han Zhen Wei
Published: August 2014

High speed cutting is an important means to improve the efficiency and the quality of machining mold steel, but the tool wear is one of the key factors restricting the increase of the cutting speed, leading to higher requirements for cutting tool materials. At present the researches of high-speed cutting of mold steel are mainly on the hardness mold steel, but less on P20 mold steel which hardness is 30-42HRC. This paper mainly studies the effect of cutting speed on wear property of TiAlN PVD coated tools when high-speed milling of P20 mold steels. The experiment was conducted using two different high cutting speeds under dry condition, 320m/min and 500m/min. Wear characterization of the rake and the flank surfaces as well as the collected chips were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). It was found that at high speeds, the dominant wear mechanisms were oxidation wear and diffusion wear, followed by adhesive wear and melt wear; as the cutting speed increased, the wear surface area of rake face will be closer to the main cutting edge.
Effect of Injection Parameters on Warpage and Sink Index of High-Gloss Injection Parts
Authors: Song Yi Ning , Li Xi Ping , Gong Ning Ning
Published: August 2014

High-gloss injection molding technology is also called rapid cool and heat injection technology which can be used to eliminate weldmark on the surface of plastic parts, and improve the surface glossiness. However, the warpage, sink index and volume shrinkage of the parts are considered difficult to solve by using this technology. Reasons that cause the warpage and sink index of the parts were discussed in this paper firstly. Then, by using a LCD panel produced in practical injection process as an example, through orthogonal experimental design and finite element simulation, this paper discusses the effects of the injection molding parameters such as mold temperature, melt temperature etc. on warpage and sink index of the parts. The results are of great significance to help to set practical process parameters and assure the part quality in injection process.
Adaptive Identification and Control of Hysteresis in Piezoelectric Actuators
Authors: Chen Xue Song , Chen Xin , Chen Xin Du , Yang Ming Sheng
Published: August 2014

Smart actuators, such as piezoceramic actuators, magnetostrictive actuators, and shape memory alloy actuators are widely used in applications of micrositioning and vibration control. Piezoelectric (PZT) actuators having the characteristic of infinitely small displacement resolution are popularly applied as actuators in precision positioning systems. However, the tracking control accuracy of the precision positioning systems is difficultly achieved because of its nonlinear hysteresis effect. Hence, it is important to take hysteresis effect into consideration for improving the trajectory tracking performance. In this paper, in order to capture the hysteresis nonlinearity in the PZT actuators, the Hammerstein model is put to use. The fuzzy control algorithm is used to identify the weighing values. The adaptive inverse controller based on adaptive fuzzy inference is used to track the PZT actuator. We firstly identify the weighting values of the Hammerstein model in situ using the multi-mode fuzzy control algorithm based on the error between reference displacement and actual displacement of the actuator, and then calculate the weighting values and threshold values of the Hammerstein model. Finally, we obtain the feed-forward input voltage. The stability of the controller in the presence of the estimated state is demonstrated. The experimental results show the performance is effectively improved under the intelligent control method.
Improved GZO Thin Film Properties with SiOx Buffer Layer by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Deposition
Authors: Yang Kuo Hui , Ho Po Ching , Lin Je Wei , Chou Ta Hsin , Chang Kow Ming
Published: August 2014

The Ga-doped zinc-oxides (GZO) as the transparency conductive oxide is the good candidate for substituting ITO. The buffer layer SiOx could improve the quality of GZO thin film. The atmospheric pressure plasma multi-jets (APPMJ) system with three jets was designed and applied for SiOx deposition process. The deposition thickness of three jets was 2.5 times higher than that of single jet, and the uniformity was less than 5% for the area 100mm2. GZO thin film with SiOx buffer layer had 3% decreases in resistivity compared to GZO thin film due to the increasing of mobility. The SiOx/glass fabricated APPMJ system will be a good alternative substrate to bare glass for producing high quality GZO film for advanced electro-optic applications.
Monitoring of End-Mill Process Based on Infrared Imagery with a High Speed Thermography
Authors: Shindou Masatoshi , Kodama Hiroyuki , Hirogaki Toshiki , Aoyama Eiichi
Published: August 2014

In this study, we perform the end-mill process of a difficult-to-cut material (JIS SUS310 stainless steel) and observe it with high performance infrared thermography. Considering the rotating angle of end-mill tool, a pixel temperature in each frame is investigated to obtain the tool temperature variation after cutting of each tooth in end-mill process. The tool temperature distribution can be analyzed at each rotating tool position in end-mill process from imageries, considering the relationship between the time duration of each frame and the rotating speed of an end-mill tool. Moreover, the tool/holder shape and the number of cutting teeth can be seen to affect the cutting temperature because the tool heat capacity and the heat input are different. The examination and analytical results show this method to be effective to estimate the tool temperature in the end-mill process sufficiently.
Structural Analysis of an Orbital Grinding System for Grinding Crankshafts for 5ton 5m Class Ship Engines
Authors: Jang June , Choi Byoung Yeol , Bang Han Seok , Choi Woo Chun , Cho Soon Joo
Published: August 2014

An orbital grinding system is developed for manufacturing high precision crankshafts for 5ton-5m class ship engines. Structural analysis is carried out by 3D modeling and FEM simulation using a commercial software. The grinding system can conduct high precision grinding process for crankshafts of ship engines as well as normal small crankshafts.
Design and Development of a Novel Coordinate Measuring Machine with 3-PUU Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Li Song Yuan , Hu Peng Hao
Published: August 2014

A bran-new style coordinate measuring system with 3-PUU parallel mechanism and its advantages was proposed which could realize 3D measurement with only one linear grating and two precision guides. Firstly, measuring space with a 0.05mm error of structure parameter as target was explored based on 6 bars direct kinematics model, workspace and error model, and then the principle of maximum measuring space was presented to elaborate the relationship between measuring space and length of bar. Then in order to enlarge the scale of measuring space of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), improve the measuring accuracy and flexibility of CMM, the key dimensions and positional parameters of CMM were optimization designed according to the direct kinematics model and the principle of maximum measuring space. Finally the deformation of key components was processed by Finite Element Method (FEM) according to the motion characteristics and parameters of the new CMM prototype, so that the affect of deformation to measuring accuracy can be controlled and decreased. Results are shown that the measuring space of CMM is 1100mm in x axis, 535mm in y axis, 426mm in z axis; deformation of beam is the main reason to influence the measuring accuracy and should be offset after calibration.
Design of an Optimal PID Controller by Genetic Algorithms for a Pantograph Type XY Platform
Authors: Fan Yi Hua , Chen Ching En , Liao Hung Wen
Published: August 2014

This study focused on the development of an intelligent motion control system for a nanoscale micro-platform based on the pantograph mechanism. The platform is designed to satisfy the need for achieving high accuracy and process efficiency in the manufacture of increasingly small industrial products. The target platform is mounted on a pantograph and small x-y sliders, and is driven by a traditional X-Y platform with common precision. The goal of this study is to drive the target platform to move in the region of 20mm × 20mm for the positioning, and repeatedly positioning accuracy error is less than 800 nm by a traditional X-Y platform. Due to the different PID parameters will affect platform positioning accuracy and system response for the two axes, the optimal PID parameters by the Genetic algorithms was proposed. The simulation and experimental results indicated that the proposed method is feasible for development of an intelligent motion control system for the nanoscale micro-platform positioning.
Developing in Biodegradable Stents Technology
Authors: Lin Sheng Yao , Chen Cheng Shun , Chen Yih Sharng , Ma Sheau Fan
Published: August 2014

Biodegradable stents have been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and are often placed inside coronary arteries. The manufacture of Biodegradable stents is an challenging issue because of the features, like geometry design, machine processing way and the material select of stents. An improved manufacturing process of biodegradable stents is presented. The proposed processes consist of the following steps: tube drawing (is use tube sinking manufacture), laser cutting and surface modification (annealing and ultrasonic cleaning). The precision injection and drawing operation is used to obtain the required wall thickness for seamless tube. The laser cutting is performed to change the shape of the stent, and the finishing operations are selected to modify the surface features, like smoothness and texture of stents. The smoothness of surface finish is one of the properties that determine the performance of a stent. Therefore, the surface modification process (vacuum annealing and ultrasonic cleaning) is important in the production of stents and in clinical treatments involving stents. Annealing is the key technology that affects the material’s final crystal grain size. Ultrasonic clean was of the stents to remove the slag (oxides) and burrs formed in laser production. Poly Lactic Acid material sample with an outside-diameter of 1.5 mm, a wall thickness of 0.08 mm, and a length of 10 mm, had been manufactured and demonstrated the proposed manufacture technology. The surface roughness of a stent manufactured is the value of Ra 13.7 nm which basically meets the design requirement for further performance evaluation. It is hoped that the above finding can be used for future study of stents.
Basic Study on Etching Selectivity of Plasma Chemical Vaporization Machining by Introducing Crystallographic Damage into Work Surface
Authors: Sano Yasuhisa , Doi Toshiro , Kurokawa Syuhei , Aida Hideo , Ohnishi Osamu , Uneda Michio , Okada Yuu , Nishikawa Hiroaki , Yamauchi Kazuto
Published: August 2014

Plasma chemical vaporization machining (PCVM) is a high-speed plasma etching method using atmospheric-pressure plasma. Although it does not leave an affected layer on the processed surface because of the small ion energy owing to the small mean free path of gas molecules, it is not suitable for planarization because of its isotropic etching. Thus, a combination of PCVM and a mechanical machining process is proposed. The convex parts of a substrate surface are considered to be affected by mechanical machining and are removed preferentially by PCVM. In this report, it is investigated whether etching rate of the affected layer becomes larger or not. As a result, it was found that the etching rate increased in the first 100 nm depth of the mechanically polished substrate, which corresponds to the thickness of the heavily damaged layer observed by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy.
FEM Simulation on the Effect of Cutting Parameters in the Driven Rotary Cutting
Authors: Takahashi Wataru , Sasahara Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Hiromasa , Takagi Yuji
Published: August 2014

In this paper, the influence of machining parameter in the driven rotary cutting was examined by using finite element simulation. Three dimensional modeling of rotary cutting of Inconel 718 was conducted and then cutting force, temperature distribution of chip and tool, chip thickness and its flow direction were analyzed. Then, the effect of the tool rotation speed was mainly focused on. When peripheral speed of the rotating tool increased, resultant cutting force decreased and the chip flow direction inclined to the tool rotating direction. Then high temperature region of chip became large. It was also shown that tool temperature on the driven rotary cutting was lower than that of the conventional turning. FEM simulation results were compared with the experimental results. As a result, the resultant cutting force, chip flow direction and the tool temperature of the experimental results and the analysis results showed the same trend.
Surface Characteristics Produced by Multi-Wire Sawing of GFRP
Authors: Sakamoto Satoshi , Yamaguchi Mitsugu , Kondo Yasuo , Yamaguchi Kenji , Nomura Alisa Jean
Published: August 2014

Anisotropic materials are used in various fields because of their superior mechanical properties such as high specific strength. However, the surface generation mechanism in loose abrasive machining such as multi-wire sawing of anisotropic materials has many unknown characteristics. This study mainly aims to clarify the sliced surface generation mechanism in multi-wire sawing of glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP). Therefore, the slicing experiments and the wet lapping experiments are carried out in this study. In this paper, we describe the fundamental slicing characteristics of GFRP and the influence that the orientation angle of reinforcement fibers has on the newly generated surface of GFRP. We find that high-precision machining of GFRP is possible using a multi-wire saw. The slicing rate and thickness variation are not dependent on the orientation angle. However, sliced surface roughness depends on the orientation angle, and it tends to decrease when the orientation angle increases. In addition, sliced surface generation and polished surface generation involve similar mechanisms and produce very similar surface characteristics.
Ultrasonic Elliptical Vibration-Assisted Micro-Groove Turning
Authors: Zhang Chen , Ehmann Kornel , Li Ying Guang , Guo Ping
Published: August 2014

In ultrasonic vibration the cutting edge of a tool is vibrated in the principal or cutting direction, generally at a constant ultrasonic frequency. The main characteristic of this cutting method is its intermittent nature involving repeated cutting and pausing. In this paper, ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting is used to assist micro-groove turning of cylindrical surfaces. The elliptical locus during the cutting process is generated by a newly designed 2D resonant ultrasonic vibrator. A series of experiments were performed to verify the effects of the ultrasonic elliptical vibrations. The generated cutting forces and burr formation were compared for the ordinary and the elliptical vibration-assisted cases. Comparison results show the effectiveness of the elliptical vibration cutting method in reducing cutting forces and alleviating burr formation.
Visual Servoing of Automatic Alignment System Using Model Predictive Control
Authors: Lin Chi Ying , Zeng Yu Sheng
Published: August 2014

Over the past few decades, vision based alignment has been accepted as an important technique to achieve higher economic benefits for precision manufacturing and measurement applications. Also referred to as visual servoing, this technique basically applies the vision feedback information and drives the moving parts to the desired target location using some appropriate control laws. Although recently rapid development of advanced image processing algorithms and hardware have made this alignment process an easier task, some fundamental issues including inevitable system constraints and singularities, still remain as a challenging research topic for further investigation. This paper aims to develop a visual servoing method for automatic alignment system using model predictive control (MPC). The reason for using this optimal control for visual servoing design is because of its capability of handling constraints such as motor and image constraints in precision alignment systems. In particular, a microassembly system for peg and hole alignment application is adopted to illustrate the design process. The goal is to perform visual tracking of two image feature points based on a XYθ motor-stage system. From the viewpoint of MPC, this is an optimization problem that minimizes feature errors under given constraints. Therefore, a dynamic model consisting of camera parameters and motion stage dynamics is first derived to build the prediction model and set up the cost function. At each sample step the control command is obtained by solving a quadratic programming optimization problem. Finally, simulation results with comparison to a conventional image based visual servoing method demonstrate the effectiveness and potential use of this method.
Using Rayleigh-Taylor Model to Predict Surfacial Tension of Static Ferro-Fluid
Authors: Ho Je Ee
Published: August 2014

Rayleigh-Taylor model, an important theory dealing with ferro-hydrodynamic ( FHD ) instability, is utilized to predict the ferro-surface tension in this study. Before hexagonal peaking patterns induced by critical magnetization of ferro-solution, the simplification from proposed theory could be further made under the consideration of normal field imposed, i.e., linear relation of free surface tension proportional to apparent ferro-weight might be successfully predicted. That offers a simple semi-formula easier to study the static ferro-surface tension. To validate above results, a self-designed ring-pull device is set up as auxiliary experimental mechanism. Here relevant test of ferro-sample in various volumetric concentration as well as field intensity will be performed. Consequently, both results accessed from ferro-experiment and theoretic analysis delivers an agreement within the working magnetic intensity 0~40 mT, where a remarkable increase of surface tension coefficient occurs at higher magnetic field for ferro-solution with denser volumetric concentration considered.
Dielectrophoresis Tweezers for Single Cell Manipulation Using Metal Coated Chemically Etched Fiber
Authors: Taguchi Kozo , Aritoshi Keishu , Nishimoto Kyohei , Fukutomi Shun
Published: August 2014

We proposed a simple and low cost dielectrophoretic device to trap and isolate single target cells. The device consisted of a metal coated chemically etched fiber and an AC signal generator. It did not require microfabrication technologies or sophisticated electronics. Using this system, we could easily trap and isolate yeast cells at will. Furthermore, our dielectrophoretic manipulator also could discriminate between live and dead cells by tuning of the applied signal frequency. From these experimental investigations, it was found that our proposed dielectrophoresis tweezers using metal coated chemically etched fiber was a promising tool for the single cell manipulation and isolation.
Optical Simulation of Omnidirectional Inspection System for Screw Threads
Authors: Park Keun , Lee Chang Hun , Ra Seung Woo
Published: August 2014

Machine vision systems have been used in the automatic inspection of screw threads using backlight illumination for the inspection of the screw thread profiles. In this study, an alternative inspection system based on front light illumination is developed to directly obtain thread images so that surface defects can be measured. To realize such an inspection system, an omnidirectional optical measurement device is proposed to obtain 360oimages of screws for inspection of whole thread regions. Optical simulation based on ray tracing is then performed to analyze optical paths and to optimize the image quality of the designed optical system.
Tuning the Shear Modulus of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube by Feeding Van Der Waals Molecules
Authors: Chen Bin Hao , Chao Wen Hsuan , Wu Ren Jye
Published: August 2014

Torsional buckling of single-walled carbon nanotubes filled with light weight molecular via molecular dynamics is reported. The model accounts for the deformation of CNTs, and interactions among gas molecules; between gas and carbon atoms. The effect of particle loading is predicted to significantly change CNT’s critical torsional moment and stiffness. This is therefore an approach by which the torsional mechanical properties and oscillation frequencies of carbon nanotubes may be tuned. Importantly, the predicted changes in torsional siffness are unique relative to conventional linear elastic materials and are indicative of nonlinear oscillations due to nonlinear mechanical effects. CNTs subjects to large deformations reversibly switch into different morphological patterns. Each shape change corresponds to an abrupt release of energy and a singularity in the stress-strain curve. At higher torsional angle, van der Waals (VDW: He, Ar, H2) molecules reveal a stability effect on carbon nanotubes.
Visual-Servoing Control of Robot Hand with Estimation of Full Articulation of Human Hand
Authors: Tomida Motomasa , Hoshino Kiyoshi
Published: August 2014

A depth sensor or depth camera is available at a reasonable cost in recent years. Due to the excessive dispersion of depth values outputted from the depth camera, however, changes in the pose cannot be directly employed for complicated hand pose estimation. The authors therefore propose a visual-servoing controlled robotic hand with RGB high-speed cameras. Two cameras have their own database in the system. Each data set has proportional information of each hand image and image features for matching, and joint angle data for output as estimated results. Once sequential hand images are recorded with two high-speed RGB cameras, the system first selects one database with bigger size of hand region in each recorded image. Second, a coarse screening is carried out according to the proportional information on the hand image which roughly corresponds to wrist rotation, or thumb or finger extension. Third, a detailed search is performed for similarity among the selected candidates. The estimated results are transmitted to a robot hand so that the same motions of an operator is reconstructed in the robot without time delay.
Identifying the Microtopographic Features Generated by Different Ultra-Precision Machining Techniques by Power Spectral Density
Authors: Chen Jian Chao , Sun Tao
Published: August 2014

An atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to image the ultra-precision machined surfaces of K9 glasses, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals, and silicon wafers. Each surface was generated by two machining techniques: (1) coarse-grain-sized diamond wheel grinding and regular polishing were used on K9 glasses; (2) single-point diamond turning and deliquescent polishing were performed on KDP crystals; (3) standard chemical mechanical polishing and atmospheric pressure low temperature plasma polishing were employed on silicon wafers. One-dimensional and two-dimensional power spectral densities (PSDs) of each sample surface were calculated from the measurement data. The influence of each machining process on the sample surface texture was analyzed based on the PSDs. The experiment results indicate that the power spectral density is a great guidance for the selection and improvement of ultra-precision machining techniques.
Study of Air Temperature Correction for Optical Path Based on Large-Scale Laser Comparator
Authors: Li Jian Shuang , Huang Xiao Rong , He Ming Zhao , Li Lian Fu
Published: August 2014

Large-scale comparators of over 30m range are traceable devices of dimensional measurement in advance large-scale manufacture domain. High precision large-scale laser comparator is an open air laser interferometric measurement device, mainly made up of length measurement system, guiding rail system and control system. The length measurement system use laser interference system to get displacements, the main source of the measurement uncertainty of displacements comes from the air temperature measurement uncertainty. This paper put forward a novel air temperature compensation method by weighting-section compensation in the large-scale laser comparator optical path. The method can improve the length measurement uncertainty of large-scale laser comparator to 2×10-8 level with changing the hardware of air temperature measurement system.
Investigation of Cluster Formation in MR Fluid under Compression Using Ultrasonic Measurement
Authors: Isnikurniawan Ahmad , Fujita Yasuhiro , Tanimoto Sachio , Sawada Tatsuo
Published: August 2014

This paper reports measurement results of ultrasonic propagation velocity in MR fluid under compression. Experiments were conducted by applying different pressures in MR fluid at constant magnetic flux density. At low magnetic flux densities (100 and 200 mT), the ultrasonic propagation velocity in MR fluids changes when subjected to pressure. This change is related to cluster formation in MR fluid. The ultrasonic propagation velocity change is smaller when higher pressures are applied, indicating that cluster size in MR fluid becomes thinner under higher pressures. However, at higher magnetic flux densities (300 and 400 mT), ultrasonic propagation velocities under different pressures are nearly similar. These results indicate that at higher magnetic flux densities, pressures do not affect cluster formation in MR fluids.
Suspension Dynamic Behaviour of HTS Magnetically Levitated Bogie
Authors: D'Ovidio Gino , Crisi Francesco
Published: August 2014

This article illustrates the dynamic behaviour of the suspension of the bogie of the UAQ4 experimental superconducting levitating train. The levitation system uses high temperature (liquid nitrogen cooled) superconductor bulk materials on board and permanent magnets distributed on the guideway. The magnetic interaction between the two, and the Meissner effect, both lift and guide the vehicle. A model with one degree of freedom of the bogie is developed and parametric dynamic analyses are performed and discussed by varying the most significant system parameters.
Lumped-Parameter Network Thermal Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Authors: Dimolikas Konstantinos , Kefalas Themistoklis D. , Karaisas Petros , Papazacharopoulos Zachos K. , Kladas Antonios
Published: August 2014

This paper develops a model based on an original lumped-parameter network configuration for the thermal transient analysis of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The specific PMSM was designed and optimized for a demanding aerospace application. The validity of the proposed lumped-parameter model is verified by measurements carried out in a thermal chamber.
Energy Efficiency Optimization in UAVs: A Review
Authors: Amoiralis Eleftherios I. , Tsili Marina A. , Spathopoulos Vassilios , Hatziefremidis Antonios
Published: August 2014

In recent years, development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) has become a significant growing segment of the global aviation industry. The present paper provides an overview of the research conducted on the field of UAV energy efficiency optimization.
PEM Fuel Cell Integration in a Hybrid Renewable Energy-Based Power System
Authors: Patsios Charalampos , Antonakopoulos M. , Kladas Antonios
Published: August 2014

This paper proposes a control methodology for the reliable integration of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) into a hybrid generation system for stand-alone power applications. The system employs a wind generator (WG) and photovoltaic (PV) arrays as main energy sources while the fuel cell (FC) is included for supplying excess power demand. An ultra-capacitor (UC) bank is also implemented in order to cover rapid changes of both load demand and power supply due to changes in wind speed or solar radiation. The system operation is based not only on the supply-demand equilibrium but also includes concerns of FC long-term durability as well as actual constraints regarding electrolyzer operation and considerations of energy efficiency. The system performance is evaluated on a 24-hour operating time period basis under highly-varying load conditions. A particular control technique is proposed for power flow regulation ensuring FC life extension, system efficiency optimization and uninterrupted supply of demand.
Induction Motor Design for Ad Hoc Actuation Systems
Authors: Kakosimos Panagiotis E. , Beniakar Minos E. , Kladas Antonios
Published: August 2014

In this paper the application of Taguchis methodology to the design of actuators for aerospace applications is presented. The preliminary design employing time-stepping finite element analysis is carried out in order to determine actuators basic dimensional and operating characteristics. Configuration considered is subsequently optimized regarding the mean torque and torque ripple through the application of a specific optimization procedure employing Taguchis methodology. Resulting IM configuration has been validated through manufactured prototype illustrating the effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm.
Development of a New High Sensitive Eddy Current Sensor
Authors: Kikuchihara Hiroki , Marinova Illiana , Saito Yoshifuru , Ohuchi Manabu , Mogi Hideo , Oikawa Yoshiro
Published: August 2014

Eddy current testing (ECT) is one of the most representative nondestructive testing methods for metallic materials, parts, structures and so on. Operating principle of ECT is based on two major properties of the magnetic field. One is that alternating magnetic field induces eddy current in conducting materials. Thereby, an input impedance of the magnetic field source, i.e., electric source, depends on the eddy current path. Second is that the magnetic field distribution depends not only on the exciting but also on the reactive magnetic fields caused by the eddy currents in targets. Former and latter are the impedance sensing and magnetic flux sensing types, respectively.This paper concerns with an optimization of a new magnetic flux sensing type sensor named coil. Exciting and sensing coils are composed of shape coil and a finite length solenoid coil wound on ferrite bar, respectively. Development of this coil fully depends on the 2D and 3D finite elements method modeling. According to the simulation results, we have worked out two types of coils. Practical experiments reflect the validity of both simulation and design aims, quite well. Thus, we have succeeded in developing coil having a higher sensibility compared with that of conventional one.
Aborted Sudden Cardiac Death and a Mother with Suspected Metabolic Myopathy
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Stöllberger Claudia , Keller Hans
Published: August 2014

Aborted sudden cardiac death (SCD) has not been reported as initial manifestation of cardiac involvement in metabolic myopathy (MM). A 20-year-old female with a previous history of three syncopes, hyperhidrosis, and recurrent tick bites experienced aborted SCD. Her mother presented with MM, and a history of pituitary adenoma, nephroptosis, arterial hypertension, depression, migraine, goiter, pancreatitis, osteoporosis, hyperhidrosis, multiple muscle ruptures, and hyperlipidemia. After a few days of disorientation and amnesia, the young female recovered completely. Clinical neurological examination was noticeable for partial ophthalmoparesis and mild hyperprolactinemia. She received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator, which did not discharge so far. Recurrent syncopes and aborted SCD may be the initial manifestation of MM with multiple organ involvement. The family history is important in cases with aborted SCD to guide the diagnostic work-up. Phenotypic heterogeneity between the family members may be an indicator of MM.