bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Conditional Stability Constants for Phytic Acid Complexes with Mg2+, Ca2+ and Zn2+ Ions Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Cegłowski Michał , Balcerzak Patrycja , Frański Rafał , Schroeder Grzegorz
Published: November 2016

The electrospray ionization mass spectrometry competitive method has been used for the determination of the conditional stability constants of phytic acid complexes with Mg2+, Ca2+ and Zn2+ ions. The competing complexation between ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and phytic acid was studied. For EDTA complexes with Mg2+, Ca2+ and Zn2+ ions, the values of the conditional stability constants are known and were used for the calculation of this constant for the phytic acid complexes. The values obtained are in agreement with the literature data. The method applied permitted a fast and simple determination of conditional stability constants by measuring the response of the ionized coordination complexes.
Comparison of Two Freely Available Software Packages for Mass Spectrometry Imaging Data Analysis Using Brains from Morphine Addicted Rats
Authors: Bodzon-Kulakowska Anna , Marszalek-Grabska Marta , Antolak Anna , Drabik Anna , Kotlinska Jolanta H. , Suder Piotr
Published: November 2016

Data analysis from mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) imaging experiments is a very complex task. Most of the software packages devoted to this purpose are designed by the mass spectrometer manufacturers and, thus, are not freely available. Laboratories developing their own MS-imaging sources usually do not have access to the commercial software, and they must rely on the freely available programs. The most recognized ones are BioMap, developed by Novartis under Interactive Data Language (IDL), and Datacube, developed by the Dutch Foundation for Fundamental Research of Matter (FOM-Amolf). These two systems were used here for the analysis of images received from rat brain tissues subjected to morphine influence and their capabilities were compared in terms of ease of use and the quality of obtained results.
Induced fit of the peptidyl-transferase center of the ribosome and conformational freedom of the esterified amino acids
Authors: Lehmann Jean
Published: November 2016

The catalytic site of most enzymes can efficiently handle only one substrate. In contrast, the ribosome is capable of polymerizing at a similar rate at least 20 different kinds of amino acids from aminoacyl-tRNA carriers while using just one catalytic site, the peptidyl-transferase center (PTC). An induced-fit mechanism has been uncovered in the PTC, but a possible connection between this mechanism and the uniform handling of the substrates has not been investigated. We present an analysis of published ribosome structures supporting the hypothesis that the induced fit eliminates unreactive rotamers predominantly populated for some A-site aminoacyl esters before induction. We show that this hypothesis is fully consistent with the wealth of kinetic data obtained with these substrates. Our analysis reveals that induction constrains the amino acids into a reactive conformation in a side-chain independent manner. It allows us to highlight the rationale of the PTC structural organization, which confers to the ribosome the very unusual ability to handle large as well as small substrates.
Social Group Profiles in Byzantium: Some Considerations on Byzantine Perceptions about Social Class Distinctions
Authors: RAGIA Efi
Published: November 2016

Η παρούσα μελέτη συμπυκνώνει το αποτέλεσμα μιας τριετούς έρευνας για την κοινωνική ιστορία του Βυζαντίου, που είχε ως στόχο την διερεύνηση της κοινωνικής ορολογίας των Βυζαντινών και την θεωρητική της ταξινόμηση. Η κοινωνική ορολογία που χρησιμοποιούσαν οι ίδιοι οι Βυζαντινοί εξυπηρέτησε την δημιουργία κοινωνικών προφίλ που αφορούσαν τόσο διαφορετικές κοινωνικές ομάδες, όσο και, ίσως συχνότερα, άτομα, προκειμένου για την κατάταξή τους σε ένα συγκεκριμένο κοινωνικό επίπεδο. Τα προφίλ αυτά διέπουν την κοινωνική θεώρηση στο Βυζάντιο και αποτέλεσαν αντικείμενο μεταχείρισης τόσο από το ίδιο το κράτος όσο και από τις ομάδες ή τα άτομα στα οποία αφορούσαν. Οι παράμετροι που τα συνθέτουν υπήρξαν συνεπώς υλικό για τον κοινωνικό αυτοπροσδιορισμό ή ετεροπροσδιορισμό. Η έρευνα οδήγησε σε αποσαφήνιση των παραμέτρων που ρυθμίζουν την ένταξη στα κατώτερα κοινωνικά στρώματα διακρίνοντας τις κατηγορίες των infames/ἀτίμων από εκείνες των ἀχρήστων, των ἀφανῶν και των πενήτων για να καταλήξει στο συμπέρασμα ότι αφενός η απουσία κατοχύρωσης της ανώτερης κοινωνικής τάξης του Βυζαντίου δημιούργησε εντάσεις, ιδιαιτέρως μεταξύ 10ου και 11ου αιώνα, αφετέρου ωστόσο η παράλληλη ισχυροποίηση της κεντρικής εξουσίας λειτούργησε προστατευτικά υπέρ των μεσαίων και κατώτερων στρωμάτων, γεγονός που δίνει την εντύπωση ότι το Βυζάντιο ήταν, τελικά, ένα «σύγχρονο» κράτος. Για να καταλήξει σε αυτό το συμπέρασμα, η έρευνα κατευθύνθηκε στην διερεύνηση της κοινωνικής εικόνας ομάδων όπως οι δυνατοί και οι δυνάστες, ενώ κατεβλήθη προσπάθεια να αποφασηνιστεί συνοπτικά η βυζαντινή αντίληψη περί ευγένειας και να εξεταστεί ο ρόλος του πλούτου για την δημιουργία κοινωνικής «θέσης».
BgeeDB, an R package for retrieval of curated expression datasets and for gene list expression localization enrichment tests
Authors: Komljenovic Andrea , Roux Julien , Robinson-Rechavi Marc , Bastian Frederic B.
Published: November 2016

BgeeDB is a collection of functions to import into R re-annotated, quality-controlled and reprocessed expression data available in the Bgee database. This includes data from thousands of wild-type healthy samples of multiple animal species, generated with different gene expression technologies (RNA-seq, Affymetrix microarrays, expressed sequence tags, andin situhybridizations). BgeeDB facilitates downstream analyses, such as gene expression analyses with other Bioconductor packages. Moreover, BgeeDB includes a new gene set enrichment test for preferred localization of expression of genes in anatomical structures (“TopAnat”). Along with the classical Gene Ontology enrichment test, this test provides a complementary way to interpret gene lists.

Availability:http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/BgeeDB/
The end of smoking?
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: November 2016

Mark Greener presents key studies linked to reductions in smoking rates
Exploring topical treatments for managing acne in female patients
Authors: Brackenbury Julie
Published: November 2016

Acne affects women's wellbeing and must be taken seriously, writes Julie Brackenbury
The anaphylactic reaction
Authors: Kochhar Suneeta
Published: November 2016

Suspected cases of anaphylaxis must have emergency treatment initiated promptly, says Suneeta Kochhar
Current knowledge about electronic cigarettes
Authors: Cope Graham
Published: November 2016

As electronic cigarette usage becomes more common, practice nurses need to fully understand the health implications of e-cigs before they can advise their patients, writes Dr Graham Cope

The emergence and growth of electronic cigarette (e-cig) usage has been one of the most significant changes to public health in recent times. The public are increasingly aware of the harmful effects of smoking and as a consequence many are looking to alternative, ‘healthier’ forms of nicotine delivery, either to maintain their addiction or, in some cases, to stop their smoking habit. The evidence suggests that e-cigs are a ‘healthier’ form of nicotine delivery than conventional cigarettes, but there are chemicals produced by these devices, including nicotine that have significant effects on health, especially if used long-term.
Hodgkin lymphoma in adults
Authors: Perry Margaret
Published: November 2016

Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare blood cancer with a non-specific set of symptoms common to other illnesses. But with early diagnosis the prognosis for patients is good. This article looks at its symptoms, treatments and aftercare. By Margaret Perry

Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare type of cancer of the blood. This article – the second of a three-part series, the first looked at Non-Hodgkin lymphoma – gives an overview of Hodgkin lymphoma, its diagnosis treatment management and prognosis. With an early diagnosis, Hodgkin's is one of the more easily cured cancers, and this article aims to enhance the knowledge of nurses about this rare condition and increase their confidence to instigate earlier diagnosis and treatment.
Research Roundup
Authors: Winter George
Published: November 2016

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Issues and Challenges in Diagnostic Sequencing for Inherited Cardiac Conditions
Authors: Walsh Roddy , Cook Stuart A
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND

Inherited cardiac conditions are a relatively common group of Mendelian diseases associated with ill health and death, often in the young. Research into the genetic causes of these conditions has enabled confirmatory and predictive diagnostic sequencing to become an integral part of the clinical management of inherited cardiomyopathies, arrhythmias, aortopathies, and dyslipidemias.

CONTENT

Currently, the principle benefit of clinical genetic testing is the cascade screening of family members of patients with a pathogenic variant, enabling targeted follow up of presymptomatic genotype-positive individuals and discharge of genotype-negative individuals to health. For the affected proband, diagnostic sequencing can also be useful in discriminating inherited disease from alternative diagnoses, directing treatment, and for molecular autopsy in cases of sudden unexplained death. Advances in sequencing technology have expanded testing panels for inherited cardiac conditions and driven down costs, further improving the cost-effectiveness of genetic testing. However, this expanded testing requires great rigor in the identification of pathogenic variants, with domain-specific knowledge required for variant interpretation.

Diagnostic sequencing has the potential to become an integral part of the clinical management of patients with inherited cardiac conditions. However, to move beyond just confirmatory and predictive testing, a much greater understanding is needed of the genetic basis of these conditions, the role of the environment, and the underlying disease mechanisms. With this additional information it is likely that genetic testing will increasingly be used for stratified and preventative strategies in the era of genomic medicine.
Reflexiones acerca de la implementación del Programa de Licenciaturas Internacionales (PLI) entre Brasil y Portugal: el caso de la Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Authors: Popazoglo Flávio , Rodriguez Mónica S.
Published: November 2016

El Programa de Licenciaturas Internacionales se ubica en el contexto de movilidad inter-nacional a nivel de grado, permitiendo completar la formación académica en el extranjero yobtener doble titulación y doble graduación. Actualmente, involucra acuerdos entre diversasuniversidades brasileras y portuguesas y tiene por objetivo mejorar la calidad de la enseñanzade grado, específicamente, de las carreras de Profesorado y la formación de formadores endiferentes áreas. La Universidad Federal de Uberlândia participa del programa desde su primeraedición, en 2010. En este marco, docentes participantes del programa ponen en discusiónciertas concepciones acerca de la formación superior, originadas a partir de la interpelacióndel rol docente con base en relatos y experiencias de los estudiantes brasileros que proponenestos nuevos desafíos educativos.
El sector productivo como fuente de estructuración del currículum de Medicina Veterinaria
Authors: Galván Stella M. , Manuale Marcela , Sacco Sofía , Kummer Cristian A. , Volpato Verónica A.
Published: November 2016

Las profesiones, entre ellas, la Medicina Veterinaria, se caracterizan por la posesión deun cuerpo especializado de conocimientos puestos al servicio de la sociedad. De allí la rele-vancia que implica la disponibilidad de fuertes estándares de calidad que regulen no sólo laformación, sino también el ejercicio profesional.El currículo educativo conforma la organización estructural de la carrera. Se nutre de di-ferentes fuentes entre las que se incluyen, además de los lineamientos generados desde lasinstituciones educativas y foros académicos, las demandas del mundo del trabajo, así comoel grado de satisfacción del sector social y productivo en el que desarrollan sus prácticasestos profesionales.En el presente artículo se reflexiona sobre el rol que le cabe al medio (social y productivo) enla estructuración del currículo de formación, en particular de la carrera de Medicina Veterinariade la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral.
Un estudio de caso para el abordaje de los sistemas de relación y salud en el Profesorado de Química del Instituto de Educación Superior de Villa Ángela-Chaco
Authors: Ruiz Díaz Juana I.
Published: November 2016

En este artículo se exponen prácticas y reflexiones pedagógicas desarrolladas en el NivelSuperior, en torno a la estrategia metodológica del Estudio de Caso, en el que se integransaberes de Biología Humana y Salud. En el Profesorado de Educación Secundaria en Químicadel Instituto de Educación Superior de Villa Ángela (IESVA), provincia del Chaco, la enseñanzay el aprendizaje de este espacio curricular, exige el diseño de actividades participativas yvinculadas con problemas del entorno real con el objetivo de promover la salud desde elámbito individual, grupal e institucional; es decir como personas y como futuros docentes.El trabajo muestra como a través del abordaje de una situación cotidiana y compleja queinvolucra a los sistemas de relación del organismo humano, se logra despertar mayor interéspor la ciencia y la capacidad de tomar decisiones positivas y saludables mediante un inter-cambio dinámico de saberes y competencias en el aula.
Saberes previos sobre enfermedad de Chagas. Su implementacion y análisis en una experiencia didáctica áulica
Authors: Giraldez Elsa L. , Barrios Miguel A. , Demonte Miguel A.
Published: November 2016

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo el análisis de los saberes previos, manifestados por los co-nocimientos e ideas previas que tienen los alumnos participantes de un curso de formación,para formadores rurales, en un tema específico como es la Enfermedad de Chagas. Se utilizóun cuestionario de modalidad mixta con preguntas estructuradas y libres, como herramientadidáctica para recoger información en un tiempo relativamente breve antes de dar comienzoal curso. El mismo fue diseñado con situaciones que permitieron activar las ideas previas enel tema a desarrollar. El análisis de estos conocimientos previos elaborados desde la vivenciacotidiana, servirán como puente cognitivo con los nuevos contenidos temáticos desarrolladosen las clases y se utilizarán para implementar efectivas estrategias de comunicación sobreconductas sanitarias poblacionales referidas a este sensible tema regional.
¿Es posible la educación alimentaria nutricional en adultos mayores? La experiencia en dos centros de jubilados de la ciudad de Santa Fe
Authors: Feser Anabella R. , Dezar Gimena V. , Ortigoza Liliana del V.
Published: November 2016

En la adultez mayor la nutrición es importante para la salud física y emocional, para ello,la alimentación debe ser equilibrada, variada y gastronómicamente aceptable.Promoviendo una alimentación saludable a través de la Educación Alimentaria Nutricional(EAN), se podría interactuar sobre la adopción de nuevas conductas alimentarias, reforzandoaquellas positivas. Lo anterior se propone desde un espacio de respeto y afecto, utilizandoestímulos que relacionen una alimentación saludable con una mejor calidad de vida, mayorgrado de autonomía y mejor potencialidad humana.El presente trabajo de investigación persiguió el objetivo de contribuir a una alimentaciónsaludable en adultos mayores, mediante el diseño e implementación de estrategias didácticas.Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, transversal e interpretativo. Se trabajó sobre unamuestra de 39 adultos mayores pertenecientes a dos Centros de Jubilados y Pensionadosde la ciudad de Santa Fe.En cada centro de jubilados y pensionados se llevaron a cabo tres talleres didácticos, enlos cuales se trabajó cocina saludable, grupos de alimentos y porciones e hidratación. Conrespecto a los encuentros realizados, los adultos mayores mostraron interés y participaciónactiva a lo largo de las intervenciones educativas.
Quantitative analysis of fat, oil and grease in valikamam area, Sri Lanka and conversion of waste oil into grease
Authors: Velauthamurty Kugamoorthy , Dilki Manisha Kurukulasuriya
Published: November 2016

Groundwater is the main source of freshwater. Groundwater denotes to all the water occupying the voids, pores and fissures within geological formations, which originated from atmospheric precipitation either directly by rainfall infiltration or indirectly from rivers, lakes or canals. Groundwater pollution is a serious problem because many people depend on groundwater for their drinking water. Waste oil along with heavy metals is one of the major contaminant species makes water harmful. A one drop of heavy fuel oil is enough to contaminate a million gallons of freshwater. Waste oil is generated through dumping, land spreading, incineration, road oiling, industrial chemical spills, extensive use of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers etc. For this study water samples were collected from forty of wells representing the Valikamam area. Then the water samples were analyzed for Fat, Oil and Grease using liquid-liquid extraction with hexane and gravimetric determination. The results shows only four wells exceed the 10 mg/L while thirty six wells were potable. Waste oil disposal is a big threat these days around the world. Hence this paper gives a brief review about recycling waste oil by converting it into commercially important lubricating grease. Once the grease characterization is done for the grease obtained from waste oil, we can bring it up to the commercial stage on the other hand giving a better solution for the depletion of waste oil.
Finite volume discretisation for the one-dimensional convection diffusion-dissipation equation
Authors: ONDAMI Bienvenu
Published: November 2016

This paper is devoted to analysis of a finite volume scheme for a one-dimensional convection-diffusion-dissipation equation having application in pollution of water table. We analyse a scheme corresponding to a semi-descretization, also called method of lines. Results of umerical experiments using this approach are reported.
Wirtschaftskrisen und Krisendiskurse: Vorwort der Herausgeber
Authors: Rossfeld Roman , Köhler Ingo
Published: November 2016

This volume examines the evolution of political, economic and media crisis discourses and semantics between the 18th century and the present. In the battle for opinion leadership, politicians, economists and the media frequently offer differing explanations and interpretations of economic crises. The metaphors used to describe such events can shape or even determine the dramaturgy and development of economic crises. The significance of the rhetorics of economics for the development of collective models or the behaviour of the various players involved in or affected by the crisis is an aspect that has not previously been examined. This volume makes a case for a stronger integration of cultural history and the history of knowledge in the analysis of economic crises in the 19th and 20th centuries. The focus is on the linguistic representation and construction of economic knowledge and the historical analysis of the complex relationship between economic crises and the rhetorics of economics.
Politik als Krankheit
Authors: Scholl Stefan
Published: November 2016

The article investigates the ways in which organic-medical metaphors were used to set the boundary of discourse between the economy and politics. The successful establishment of organic-medical metaphors for the economy is mainly explained by their connectivity to different political views. Concepts such as ‘Wirtschaftsleben’ or perceptions of the economy as an ‘organism’ laid the foundation for diagnosing sick or healthy conditions. From the end of the 19th to beyond the mid-20th century typical statements illustrate that the use of such metaphors supported the naturalization and stabilization of the boundary-setting discourse, insofar as it seemed natural that the relation between the two spheres should be formulated in terms of health and disease. Within liberal economic discourse in particular, politics was on the one hand targeted as a potential cause for economic disease, while on the other, it was claimed that politics had the task of keeping economic forces healthy.
Das Chaos beseitigen
Authors: Bemmann Martin
Published: November 2016

When in 1948 the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization began to publish internationally comparable and reliable statistics on the global forestry and timber industry, it could rely on infrastructure and methods developed and established during the 1920s and 1930s as well as on personnel with experience of more than a decade. The article focuses on the actors involved and their motivation to develop and establish such international statistics. Given the frequent characterisation of the League of Nations’ Economic and Financial Organisation (EFO) as “path-breaking” and “pioneering” in statistical matters, this article then examines the EFO’s actual participation in the international standardisation of economic statistics. It is argued that its efforts in this field should be seen in a more differentiated way. EFO certainly became an indispensable player in the international standardisation of economic statistics. However, it neither defined the pace nor the direction of the process in every case. Instead, it rather had an accelerating effect on already existing efforts and served as a coordinating centre for a huge number of international organisations and actors involved in the standardisation process.
Zur Bedeutung nationalsozialistischer Statistiken und Statistiker nach dem Krieg
Authors: Fremdling Rainer
Published: November 2016

After the war, NS-statistics were put to manifold uses. Indeed, the industrial census of 1936 served both as a benchmark for the restrictions on German production imposed by the allied powers and as an indispensable input for the introduction of the planned economy in East Germany. In addition the NS-statisticians involved were also considered indispensable for interpreting and implementing these statistics.

In order to assess the economic effects of allied bombing during the war, John Kenneth Galbraith oversaw the Overall Economic Effects Division of the United States Strategic Bombing Survey. Wagenführ and other German statisticians were interrogated in order to elucidate the statistical files of Speer’s Planning Office (Planungsamt), the command centre of the German war economy. As the chief statistician in Speer’s Ministry for Armaments, Wagenführ had been in charge of the statistical information system for running the war economy.

The article focuses on a recently detected file on the kidnapping of Rolf Wagenführ by US-officers from Berlin to Bad Homburg in the summer of 1945. At that time, Wagenführ was working for the central command of the Soviet military administration of Germany. I found the report on the kidnapping and the ensuing interrogation which Wagenführ wrote for his Soviet command officer. It is part of the archival files of the German Democratic Republic hosted by the German Federal Archive (Bundesarchiv) in Berlin-Lichterfelde.

The article here concludes with both a brief presentation of those German production statistics (Statistische Schnellberichte) which had been compiled on a monthly basis for the inner political circle around Hitler during the war, and with some results from the USSBS.
Generalized sensitivity functions for multiple output systems
Authors: Kappel Franz , Munir Mohammad
Published: November 2016

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of generalized sensitivity matrices extending the usual concept of generalized sensitivity functions. We consider systems with finitely many measurable outputs, because this case occurs frequently. It is demonstrated that the generalized sensitivity matrix can be interpreted as the Jacobian of the estimated parameters with respect to the nominal parameter vector. This interpretation is supported by numerical results for two examples, the Verhulst–Pearl logistic growth model, which as been used frequently in the context of generalized sensitivity functions, and the so-called minimal model for the intravenous glucose tolerance test, which represents a system with two measurable outputs. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of linear behavior of the generalized sensitivity matrix at large sampling times for identifiability of system parameters.
Crystal structure of 1-methyl-3-[((naphthalen-2-ylsulfonyl)oxy)imino]indolin-2-one, C19H14N2O4S
Authors: El-Faham Ayman , Khattab Sherine N. , Ghabbour Hazem A.
Published: November 2016

C19H14N2O4S, triclinic, P1̅, a = 5.9059(2) Å, b = 10.1508(5) Å, c = 13.6286(6) Å, α = 88.499(2)°, β = 88.744(2))°, γ = 84.569(2)°, V = 812.93(6) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F
2) = 0.058, wR(F
2) = 0.147, T = 100 K.
Sensory and Working Memory Representations of Small and Large Numerosities in the Crow Endbrain
Authors: Ditz Helen M. , Nieder Andreas
Published: November 2016

Neurons in the avian nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL), an endbrain structure that originated independently from the mammalian neocortex, process visual numerosities. To clarify the code for number in this anatomically distinct endbrain area in birds, neuronal responses to a broad range of numerosities were analyzed. We recorded single-neuron activity from the NCL of crows performing a delayed match-to-sample task with visual numerosities as discriminanda. The responses of >20% of randomly selected neurons were modulated significantly by numerosities ranging from one to 30 items. Numerosity-selective neurons showed bell-shaped tuning curves with one of the presented numerosities as preferred numerosity regardless of the physical appearance of the items. The resulting labeled-line code exhibited logarithmic compression obeying the Weber–Fechner law for magnitudes. Comparable proportions of selective neurons were found, not only during stimulus presentation, but also in the delay phase, indicating a dominant role of the NCL in numerical working memory. Both during sensory encoding and memorization of numerosities in working memory, NCL activity predicted the crows' number discrimination performance. These neuronal data reveal striking similarities across vertebrate taxa in their code for number despite convergently evolved and anatomically distinct endbrain structures.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBirds are known for their capabilities to process numerical quantity. However, birds lack a six-layered neocortex that enables primates with numerical competence. We aimed to decipher the neuronal code for numerical quantity in the independently and distinctly evolved endbrain of birds. We recorded the activity of neurons in an endbrain association area termed nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL) from crows that assessed and briefly memorized numerosities from one to 30 dots. We report a neuronal code for sensory representation and working memory of numerosities in the crow NCL exhibiting several characteristics that are surprisingly similar to the ones found in primates. Our data suggest a common code for number in two different vertebrate taxa that has evolved based on convergent evolution.
“Doing the Impossible”
Authors: Barrera Magdalena L.
Published: November 2016

In 1915, the California Commission of Immigration and Housing (CCIH) unveiled a bold new experiment: the Home Teacher Program. In Los Angeles, this program sent volunteers into Mexican communities to teach immigrant women new, more “American” ways of homemaking and childrearing. The lesson plans, sample dialogues, teacher testimonies, and photographs featured in CCIH publications provide a fascinating window on to the tense interactions between home teachers and immigrant women. Scholars have long explored different ways of mining institutional records and other forms of writing by Americanization advocates for insights into the experiences of those who participated in the programs. This essay contributes to the discussion of California's Americanization curricula in two ways: First, I provide a close reading of CCIH texts in order to uncover and analyze three layers of recorded experience: (1) teacher biases confronted by immigrant women; (2) immigrant women's difficult material realities; and (3) immigrant women's complex responses to Americanization. Second, I provide further evidence for the view that Mexican immigrant women responded to Americanization efforts in a variety of ways, from outright resistance to milder forms of pushback and, at times, conditional acceptance of the “American” customs presented to them. In light of the evidence, I argue that Mexican immigrant women were “doing the impossible” by laying claim to a piece of California through the complex relationship they negotiated with the home teachers. Although Americanization programs intended to flatten Mexican women's ethnic affiliations, the immigrant women found subtle ways to assert their agency, survive hardship and prejudice, and forge a new Mexican American ethnic community in the process.
MCT8 deficiency in Purkinje cells disrupts embryonic chicken cerebellar development
Authors: Delbaere Joke , Vancamp Pieter , Van Herck Stijn L J , Bourgeois Nele M A , Green Mary J , Wingate Richard J T , Darras Veerle M
Published: November 2016

Inactivating mutations in the human SLC16A2 gene encoding the thyroid hormone transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) result in the Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome accompanied by severe locomotor deficits. The underlying mechanisms of the associated cerebellar maldevelopment were studied using the chicken as a model. Electroporation of an MCT8-RNAi vector into the cerebellar anlage of a 3-day-old embryo allowed knockdown of MCT8 in Purkinje cell precursors. This resulted in the downregulation of the thyroid hormone-responsive gene RORα and the Purkinje cell-specific differentiation marker LHX1/5 at day 6. MCT8 knockdown also results in a smaller and less complex dendritic tree at day 18 suggesting a pivotal role of MCT8 for cell-autonomous Purkinje cell maturation. Early administration of the thyroid hormone analogue 3,5,3′-triiodothyroacetic acid partially rescued early Purkinje cell differentiation. MCT8-deficient Purkinje cells also induced non-autonomous effects as they led to a reduced granule cell precursor proliferation, a thinner external germinal layer and a loss of PAX6 expression. By contrast, at day 18, the external germinal layer thickness was increased, with an increase in presence of Axonin-1-positive post-mitotic granule cells in the initial stage of radial migration. The concomitant accumulation of presumptive migrating granule cells in the molecular layer, suggests that inward radial migration to the internal granular layer is stalled. In conclusion, early MCT8 deficiency in Purkinje cells results in both cell-autonomous and non-autonomous effects on cerebellar development and indicates that MCT8 expression is essential from very early stages of development, providing a novel insight into the ontogenesis of the Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome.
Serine threonine kinase receptor associated protein regulates early follicle development in the mouse ovary
Authors: Sharum Isam B , Granados-Aparici Sofia , Warrander Fiona C , Tournant Felicity P , Fenwick Mark A
Published: November 2016

The molecular mechanisms involved in regulating the development of small, gonadotrophin-independent follicles are poorly understood; however, many studies have highlighted an essential role for TGFB ligands. Canonical TGFB signalling is dependent upon intracellular SMAD proteins that regulate transcription. STRAP has been identified in other tissues as an inhibitor of the TGFB–SMAD signalling pathway. Therefore, in this study we aimed to determine the expression and role of STRAP in the context of early follicle development. Using qPCR, Strap, Smad3 and Smad7 revealed similar expression profiles in immature ovaries from mice aged 4–16 days containing different populations of early growing follicles. STRAP and SMAD2/3 proteins co-localised in granulosa cells of small follicles using immunofluorescence. Using an established culture model, neonatal mouse ovary fragments with a high density of small non-growing follicles were used to examine the effects of Strap knockdown using siRNA and STRAP protein inhibition by immuno-neutralisation. Both interventions caused a reduction in the proportion of small, non-growing follicles and an increase in the proportion and size of growing follicles in comparison to untreated controls, suggesting inhibition of STRAP facilitates follicle activation. Recombinant STRAP protein had no effect on small, non-growing follicles, but increased the mean oocyte size of growing follicles in the neonatal ovary model and also promoted the growth of isolated preantral follicles in vitro. Overall findings indicate STRAP is expressed in the mouse ovary and is capable of regulating development of small follicles in a stage-dependent manner.
Use of Gastroesophageal Reflux Medications in Premature Infants After NICU Discharge
Authors: D’Agostino Jo Ann , Passarella Molly , Martin Ashley E. , Lorch Scott A.
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVES:

To describe the epidemiology and management of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) medications started in the first year of life for premature infants.

METHODS:

Retrospective review of a cohort of infants ≤35 weeks’ gestation presenting for care by 168 days of age to a 30-site network between 2005 and 2009 (n = 2217) and followed to 3 years of age. Medication frequency, types, and duration of use were assessed. Logistic regression identified factors associated with treatment.

RESULTS:

Thirty-seven percent (812) were prescribed GER medications with 77% begun after NICU discharge. Ninety percent (727) received histamine-2 receptor antagonists, 33% (269) proton pump inhibitors, 22% (182) prokinetics; 40% (325) received >1 medication. Outpatient medication was initiated at 95 ± 69 days of life for total of 294 ± 249 days (interquartile ratio: 117–359). Feeding issues (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–3.39) were associated with outpatient initiation. Forty-three percent (322) of infants started before 6 months were still on at 1 year of age associated with gestational age <32 weeks (aOR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.16–2.67), chronic lung disease (aOR 2.59, 95% CI: 1.29–5.22), and reactive airways disease (aOR 1.67, 95% CI: 1.05–2.65).

CONCLUSIONS:

Of the 37% of the cohort on GER medications, 77% were started after NICU discharge with prolonged use of medications. Feeding difficulties were associated with starting medication and markers of chronic lung disease with continuation of treatment. With uncertain evidence of efficacy, use of these medications in a high-risk population should be carefully evaluated.
New records and update on the geographic distribution of Clitocybula lignicola (Lj.N. Vassiljeva) E.F. Malysheva & O.V. Morozova (Basidiomycota: Agaricales) in Russia
Authors: Shiryaeva Olga S.
Published: November 2016

Clitocybula lignicola is predominantly distributed in the Asian part of Russia. In Europe it was found only in the Urals (Komi Republic, Russia). Two new localities are situated in the northwestern part of Vologda Region (Russia). These are the first records of this species from the East European Plain, as well as the most western ones known in Europe. New records extend the geographic distribution of C. lignicola 1,204 km west of the closest site in the Urals. An updated distribution map for the species is presented and a detailed species description with illustrations based on studied collections is provided.
TEKNIK PENGUKURAN NITRAT-NITROGEN DENGAN METODE BRUCINE
Authors: Mariyam Siti
Published: November 2016

Di perairan alam unsur nitrogen terdapat dalam bermacam-macam bentuk, tergantung pada tingkat oksidasi antara lain NH3 (amoniak), NO3 (nitrat), NO2(Nitrit). Nitra adalah salah satu bentuk senyawa nitrogen yang teroksidasi dengan tingkat oksidasi +3, merupakan senyawa yang memiliki sifat mudah larut dalam air dan stabil. Di perairan nitrat merupakan sumber utama sebagai nutrien bagi pertumbuhan tanaman dan alga (Effendi 2003). Sumber nitrat berasal dari buangan industri bahan peledak, pupuk, piroteknik, dan lain-lain. Kadar nitrat secara alamiagak rendah, tetapi bisa tinggi pada air yang diberi pupuk mengandung nitrat. Kadar nitrat tidak boleh melebihi 10 mg/l. Untuk menentukan kadar nitrat di perairan pada umumnya digunakan metode nessler.
KARAKTERISTIK PANCING TEGAK YANG DIOPERASIKAN DI PERAIRAN BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Sawon Sawon
Published: November 2016

Kabupaten Belitung yang merupakan bagian dari Propinsi Bangka Belitung secara geografis, terletak pada posisi 107°35’-108°18’ BT dan 2°30’-3°15’ LS.Luas wilayah daratan 4.800 km2, luas laut 29.606 km2, luas wilayah pesisir 1.900 km2, dan panjang garis pantai 195 km. Jumlah pulau kecil 189 buah yangterbagi dalam wilayah Kabupaten Belitung dan Kabupateng Belitung Timur.
TEKNIK PEMBUATAN KUCUR UNTUK UMPAN PANCING DI SUNGAI MUSI, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Burnawi Burnawi
Published: November 2016

Sungai Musi merupakan sungai terpanjang dan terbesar di Propinsi Sumatera Selatan terdiri dari 9 sungai yaitu: Sungai Musi, Sungai Kikim, Sungai Kelinggi, Sungai Lakitan, Sungai Rawas, Sungai Batanghari Leko, Sungai Lematang, Sungai Ogan, dan Sungai Komering.
TEKNIK PENGOPERASIAN DAN PENANGKAPAN IKAN BAUNG (Mystus nemurus) DAN IKAN LAIS (Kryptopterus apogon) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PANCING RAWAI (LONG LINES) DI DANAU TELUK GELAM, KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ILIR, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Abidin Muhtarul
Published: November 2016

Danau Teluk Gelam terletak di Desa Mulyaguna (Bunut) Kecamatan Tanjung Lubuk Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir Propinsi Sumatera Selatan. Di danau ini terdapat banyak jenis-jenis ikan antara lain ikan toman (Channa micropeltes), gabus (Channa striata), sepat siam (Trychogaster pectoralis), sepat mato merah (Trichogaster trichopterus), tambakang (Helostoma temmincki), lais (Kryptopterus apogon), dan ikan baung (Mystus nemurus).
PENGUKURAN PANJANG DAN BOBOT IKAN GABUS (Channa striata) DI SUNGAI MUSI, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Dwirastina Mirna
Published: November 2016

Perairan umum merupakan bagian permukaan bumi yang secara permanen atau berkala tertutup oleh masa air dan terbentuk secara alami berupa air tawarmisalnya sungai, danau, maupun berupa air payau yang bersifat umum (Wibowo & Sunarno, 2005). Menurut Peraturan Pemerintah No.35 tahun 1991 pasal 1 sungai adalah tempat-tempat dan wadah serta jaringan pengaliran air mulai dari mata air sampai dengan muara sungai dengan dibatasi kanan dan kiri serta sepanjang pengaliran oleh garis sempadan.
PENANGKAPAN IKAN DEMERSAL DENGAN PANCING RAWAI DASAR DI PERAIRAN KABUPATEN BARRU, SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Rahmat Enjah
Published: November 2016

Secara administratif, Kabupaten Barru termasuk ke dalam wilayah Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan dan berada di pesisir Selat Makassar yang berjarak ± 100Km ke arah utara dari Kota Makassar. Kabupaten Barru terdiri atas 5 Kecamatan, yaitu Tanete Rilau, Barru, Balusu, Suppeng Riaja, dan Mallusetasi.
Impact factor and medical education – a metric of no value?
Authors: Sharma Neel
Published: November 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended.
In vitro germination of zygotic embryos of hybrid BRS Manicoré (E. guineensis X E. oleifera)
Authors: BONETTI KEILA A.P. , QUOIRIN MARGUERITE , QUISEN REGINA C. , LIMA SUELEN C.S.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT The interspecific oil palm hybrid BRS Manicoré (E. guineensis x E. oleifera) has superior agronomic characteristics. However, the germination rate is low (30%) and the process is slow when the seeds are sown in a conventional form. The purpose of this study was to optimize the in vitro germination of zygotic embryos of this hybrid comparing seed lots. The viability of zygotic embryos was evaluated by the tetrazolium test (0.075%) for 4 h. The embryos were cultured on MS and Y3 culture media, with and without the addition of NaH2PO4, as well as on MS, MS1/2 and N6 medium. In MS medium containing NaH2PO4, the germination rate was increased from 40 to 70% in comparison with the medium without sodium phosphate. The comparison between the culture media MS, MS 1/2, N6 and Y3 showed that 75% of zygotic embryos cultured in the Y3 medium formed whole plants (with roots and shoots defined), a higher percentage than embryos cultured on MS, MS 1/2 and N6 media (46, 35 and 17% respectively). In the same Y3 culture medium, the embryos were larger (36% ≥ 2 cm and 30% ≥ 5 cm) than in the other media. Results obtained by the tetrazolium test were similar to those of germination, showing the effect of the genotype of each seed lot. For the germination and development of plantlets it is essential to add NaH2PO4 to a culture medium containing no phosphate or with a low phosphate concentration.
Diversity of anurans in dry forest fragments of a subtropical region in Brazil
Authors: SANTOS EDUARDO J. DOS , CONTE CARLOS E.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify and compare the diversity between two areas within different matrices located in the Mesophytic Semideciduous Forest; to compare composition and diversity registered to other assemblages; and to evaluate which criteria used here were the most important when sampling them. Data was obtained from September 2011 to March 2012 from 10 sites with different habitats in two areas of mid northern state of Paraná, southern Brazil. We recorded 18 species. Alfa-diversity between the areas did not vary, but the population within one of them was more stable, suggesting better distribution and equity of species in the available habitat. Beta-diversity in the region was high; a result attributed to the species Dendropsophus nanus. Comparing the sampled areas to others in the Semideciduous Forest, the quantity of sampled breeding sites was the most important variable for higher records of richness. Geographical distance was a determinant factor for the distinction between localities. Different factors were determinant for the variation in richness and composition of species in the area. Hence, the conservation of fragments and their associated habitat need to be prioritized.
Incluindo Funcionalidades no Modelo BRAMS para Simular o Transporte de Cinzas Vulcânicas: Descrição e Análise de Sensibilidade Aplicada ao Evento Eruptivo do Puyehue em 2011
Authors: Pavani Claudio Augusto Borges , Freitas Saulo Ribeiro de , Lima Wagner Flauber Araujo , Coelho Simone Marilene Sievert da Costa , Rosário Nilton Manuel Évora do , Moreira Demerval Soares , Yoshida Marcos Cezar
Published: November 2016

Resumo Este trabalho possui dois objetivos principais, o primeiro é apresentar uma descrição de como o modelo atmosférico BRAMS foi estruturado com o intuito de capacitá-lo a simular a emissão, dispersão e sedimentação de cinzas vulcânicas; o segundo é fazer uma análise de sensibilidade com relação a diversas configurações do modelo, com o intuito de obter uma configuração adequada para prever a concentração de cinzas vulcânicas após eventos eruptivos. Avaliando os resultados do modelo com dados observados, principalmente com relação ao satélite CALIPSO, concluiu-se que o modelo BRAMS foi capaz de simular e prever com relativa precisão a posição e concentração das cinzas vulcânicas na atmosfera.
COMPETITIVIDADE, INOVAÇÃO E SUSTENTABILIDADE: UMA INTER- RELAÇÃO POR MEIO DA SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Spezamiglio Bárbara dos Santos , Galina Simone Vasconcelos Ribeiro , Calia Rogério Cerávolo
Published: November 2016

RESUMO A crescente discussão a respeito do desenvolvimento sustentável e os problemas inerentes à temática trazem à tona a necessidade do meio corporativo adaptar seus processos, simultaneamente à manutenção da competitividade. Nessa busca, a inovação se mostra como um fator essencial, pois ela permite a reestruturação de processos organizacionais, além do desenvolvimento de novos produtos, tecnologias e processos. Porém, o entendimento acadêmico da competitividade, sustentabilidade e inovação tem sido fragmentado. Portanto o objetivo deste artigo consiste em sistematizar a literatura existente nessas três áreas, buscando levantar evidências de como estão interligadas, para a proposição de pesquisas futuras, que investiguem a fundo tais relações. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, por meio de um trabalho bibliográfico e bibliométrico, onde foi contabilizado um total de 379.971 trabalhos nas três áreas e suas interseções, no período de 1970 a 2015. Dentre os resultados, observa-se que, em curto prazo, há um movimento de investimento em inovação sustentável para obter competitividade, seja através dos benefícios da ecoeficiência ou do aumento do valor intangível. Porém, em longo prazo, os problemas da sustentabilidade exigem investimento em inovação radical, devendo-se estudar como as empresas poderiam investir em inovação radical, ao mesmo tempo em que mantém a competitividade.
GRAU DE INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO, COMPETÊNCIAS. INTERNACIONAIS, E DESEMPENHO ORGANIZACIONAL DA PME: ESTUDOS DE CASO NO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Dalbosco Inocencia Boita , Floriani Dinora Eliete
Published: November 2016

RESUMO As Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PMEs) internacionalizadas estão surgindo em grande número em todo o mundo, e elas tendem a ser mais dinâmicas e a crescerem mais rápido do que as empresas estritamente nacionais (FILLIS, 2007). Conforme o grau de internacionalização (GRI) das PME's aumentam há o desenvolvimento de novas competências internacionais melhorando o desempenho organizacional (FLORIANI, 2010); (FLORIANI; FLEURY, 2012). Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a influência do GRI no desenvolvimento de novas competências internacionais e explicar a relação com o desempenho organizacional das PMEs do sul do Brasil. Utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa, por meio de estudos de casos múltiplo, realizado em PMEs. Os dados foram coletados por pesquisa documental e de campo, sendo aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, com análise de conteúdo e apoio do software Atlas.ti. Os resultados identificaram que as PMEs do Sul do Brasil estão experimentando modos de entrada no exterior mais complexos, sendo que duas delas com maior envolvimento de recursos do que a exportação. Foi constatado que a internacionalização faz com que as empresas desenvolvam competências internacionais, melhorando consequentemente o seu desempenho organizacional.
ADOÇÃO DE M-LEARNING NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: O PONTO DE VISTA DOS PROFESSORES
Authors: Pina Fernanda , Kurtz Renata , Ferreira Jorge Brantes , Freitas Angilberto , Silva Jorge Ferreira da , Giovannini Cristiane Junqueira
Published: November 2016

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar as percepções de professores universitários acerca do m-learning, identificando o que pode favorecer e o que pode inibir a sua adoção. Por meio da análise de conteúdo e com base na teoria de difusão de inovações de Rogers, foi entrevistado um grupo com doze docentes, buscando-se identificar fatores críticos que podem facilitar (ou não) a adoção. Os resultados apontam que apesar dos professores em geral conhecerem a definição de m-learning, parece que ele ainda não é percebido como uma inovação bem conhecida por eles, o que pode dificultar sua adoção no cotidiano de suas atividades docentes.