bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical exertion at work and addictive behaviors: tobacco, cannabis, alcohol, sugar and fat consumption: longitudinal analyses in the CONSTANCES cohort
Authors: Hamieh Nadine , Descatha Alexis , Zins Marie , Goldberg Marcel , Czernichow Sébastien , Hoertel Nicolas , Plessz Marie , Roquelaure Yves , Limosin Frédéric , Lemogne Cédric , Matta Joane , Airagnes Guillaume
Published: January 2022

We examined the prospective association of physical exertion at work with subsequent tobacco, cannabis, alcohol use, and sugar and fat consumption. Volunteers of the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort currently employed were included from 2012 to 2017 for tobacco and cannabis outcomes (n = 100,612), and from 2012 to 2016 for alcohol and sugar and fat outcomes (n = 75,414). High level of physical exertion at work was defined as a score ≥ 12 at the Rating Perceived Exertion Borg scale. Substance use was self-reported and diet rich in sugar and fat was obtained from principal component analysis and analyzed as quartiles. Generalized linear models computed odds of substance use and sugar and fat consumption at follow-up according to baseline physical exertion at work, while adjusting for sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms and baseline level of consumption. High physical exertion was associated with tobacco use with dose-dependent relationships. It was also associated with increased odds of cannabis use at least once per month compared to no use in the past and with increased odds of diet rich in sugar and fat. Hence, the role of physical exertion at work on tobacco and cannabis use and diet rich in sugar and fat should be tackled for information and prevention strategies.
Comparison of parallel infill sampling criteria based on Kriging surrogate model
Authors: Chen Cong , Liu Jiaxin , Xu Pingfei
Published: January 2022

One of the key issues that affect the optimization effect of the efficient global optimization (EGO) algorithm is to determine the infill sampling criterion. Therefore, this paper compares the common efficient parallel infill sampling criterion. In addition, the pseudo-expected improvement (EI) criterion is introduced to minimizing the predicted (MP) criterion and the probability of improvement (PI) criterion, which helps to improve the problem of MP criterion that is easy to fall into local optimum. An adaptive distance function is proposed, which is used to avoid the concentration problem of update points and also improves the global search ability of the infill sampling criterion. Seven test problems were used to evaluate these criteria to verify the effectiveness of these methods. The results show that the pseudo method is also applicable to PI and MP criteria. The DMP and PEI criteria are the most efficient and robust. The actual engineering optimization problems can more directly show the effects of these methods. So these criteria are applied to the inverse design of RAE2822 airfoil. The results show the criterion including the MP has higher optimization efficiency.
Optimizing the geodetic networks based on the distances between the net points and the project border
Authors: AbdAllah Ahmed A. G. , Wang Zhengtao
Published: January 2022

Geodetic networks are important for most engineering projects. Generally, a geodetic network is designed according to precision, reliability, and cost criteria. This paper provides a new criterion considering the distances between the Net Points (NPs) and the Project Border (PB) in terms of Neighboring (N). Optimization based on the N criterion seeks to relocate the NPs as close as possible to PB, which leads to creating shorter distances between NPs or those distances linking NPs with Target Points (TPs) to be measured inside PB. These short distances can improve the precision of NPs and increase the accuracy of observations and transportation costs between NPs themselves or between NPs and TPs (in real applications). Three normalized N objective functions based on L1, L2, and L∞‒norms were formulated to build the corresponding N optimization models, NL1; NL2; and NL∞ and to determine the best solution. Each model is subjected to safety, precision, reliability, and cost constraints. The feasibility of the N criterion is demonstrated by a simulated example. The results showed the ability of NL∞ to determine the safest positions for the NPs near PB. These new positions led to improving the precision of the network and preserving the initial reliability and observations cost, due to contradiction problems. Also, N results created by all N models demonstrate their theoretical feasibility in improving the accuracy of the observations and transportation cost between points. It is recommended to use multi-objective optimization models to overcome the contradiction problem and consider the real application to generalize the benefits of N models in designing the networks.
The interaction of high-power fiber laser irradiation with intrusive rocks
Authors: Seo Youngjin , Lee Dongkyoung , Pyo Sukhoon
Published: January 2022

Laser cutting of intrusive rocks, including granite, gabbro, and diorite, is carried out in order to assess the cut characteristics through geometrical measurements, such as kerf width, melting width, and penetration depth. The absorption rate for each specimen at the wavelength of 1064 nm is measured using a spectrophotometer. A multimode fiber laser is used in this study with the power of 9 kW and different cutting speeds. Furthermore, nitrogen gas at 13 bar is applied as the assistant gas in order to remove the melted material effectively. As a result of the experiment, the relationship between the cutting speed and geometrical measurements is investigated. Furthermore, variations of penetration depth are performed in accordance with the number of laser cuts. In addition, through energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) element mapping, minerals that comprise the rocks are classified and characterized. Subsequently, the changes in the microstructure and chemical composition of each specimen, before and after laser cutting, are compared using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and EDX analyses. Experimental results demonstrate that the cutting characteristics vary, depending on the types of minerals that make up the rock. Based on a series of tests, it is identified that volume energy of more than 3.06E + 13 $$\mathrm{J}/{\mathrm{m}}^{3}$$

J
/

m

3

is required to fully cut intrusive rocks that have a thickness of 25 mm.
The field monitoring experiment of the high-level key stratum movement in coal mining based on collaborative DOFS and MPBX
Authors: Wang Xiaozhen , Xie Jianlin , Zhu Weibing , Xu Jialin
Published: January 2022

The deformation and movement characteristics of high-level key stratums in overlying strata are important for estimating ground subsidence and understanding failure characteristics of ultrathick strata during mining. In this study, a distributed optical fiber sensor (DOFS) and multipoint borehole extensometers (MPBXs) were collaboratively employed to monitor the deformation of high-level key stratums in situ during the mining process at working face 130,604 of the Maiduoshan Coal Mine. DOFS monitoring results showed that the distance from advance influence of mining on the ground surface is 219.2 m. The deformation of the shallow stratums were greater and was affected earlier than that of the deep stratums. The deformation in the strata did not occur continuously and the boundary curve of the impact from advance mining was not a straight line with the advancement of the working face. By the MPBX technology, we measured the strata movement and obtained four-stage characteristics of high-level key stratum movement. The subsidence of the primary key stratum and the sub key stratum were monitored to reach 1389 and 1437 mm; their final relative displacement differed by 48 mm. No bed separation was observed in between the strata, and the key stratums tended to sink as a whole with the advancement of the working face. This research guides the analysis the movement of thick high-level key stratums.
Comparison of oral metabolome profiles of stimulated saliva, unstimulated saliva, and mouth-rinsed water
Authors: Maruyama Yuki , Nishimoto Yuichiro , Umezawa Kouta , Kawamata Ryosuke , Ichiba Yuko , Tsutsumi Kota , Kimura Mitsuo , Murakami Shinnosuke , Kakizawa Yasushi , Kumagai Takashi , Yamada Takuji , Fukuda Shinji
Published: January 2022

Saliva includes a substantial amount of biological information, which has enabled us to understand the relationship between oral metabolites and various oral and systemic disorders. However, collecting saliva using a controlled protocol is time-consuming, making saliva an unsuitable analyte in large cohort studies. Mouth-rinsed water (MW), the water used to rinse the mouth, can be collected easily in less time with less difference between subjects than saliva and could be used as an alternative in oral metabolome analyses. In this study, we investigated the potential of MW collection as an efficient alternative to saliva sample collection for oral metabolome profiling. MW, stimulated saliva, and unstimulated saliva were collected from 10 systemically healthy participants. The samples were subjected to metabolome analysis using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and the types and amounts of metabolites in the samples were compared. Qualitatively, MW contained the same metabolites as unstimulated and stimulated saliva. While the quantity of the metabolites did not drastically change between the sampling methods, all three reflected individual differences, and the features of MW were the same as those of the unstimulated saliva. Overall, these results suggest that MW may be an appropriate alternative to saliva in oral metabolome profile analysis.
Expression of glutamate carboxypeptidase II in the glial tumor recurrence evaluated in vivo using radionuclide imaging
Authors: Kunikowska Jolanta , Czepczyński Rafał , Pawlak Dariusz , Koziara Henryk , Pełka Kacper , Królicki Leszek
Published: January 2022

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP), also known as prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been found to be expressed in glioma vasculature in in-vitro studies. GCP expression can be traced with the use of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT used routinely for prostate cancer imaging. The aim of this paper was to analyze GCP expression in the recurrent glial tumors in vivo. 34 patients (pts.) aged 44.5 ± 10.3 years with suspicion of recurrence of histologically confirmed glioma grade III (6 pts.) and grade IV (28 pts.) were included in the study. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced MR and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. No radiopharmaceutical-related adverse events were noted. PET/CT was positive in all the areas suspected for recurrence at MR in all the patients. The recurrence was confirmed by histopathological examinations or follow-up imaging in all cases. The images showed a very low background activity of the normal brain. Median maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) of the tumors was 6.5 (range 0.9–15.6) and mean standard uptake value (SUVmean) was 3.5 (range 0.9–7.5). Target-to-background (TBR) ratios varied between 15 and 1400 with a median of 152. Target-to-liver background ratios (TLR) ranged from 0.2 to 2.6, the median TLR was 1.3. No significant difference of the measured parameters was found between the subgroups according to the glioma grade. High GCP expression in the recurrent glioma was demonstrated in-vivo with the use of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. As the treatment options in recurrent glioma are limited, this observation may open new therapeutic perspectives with the use of radiolabeled agents targeting the GCP.
Controllable atom-photon entanglement via quantum interference near plasmonic nanostructure
Authors: Sangshekan Behzad , Sahrai Mostafa , Asadpour Seyyed Hossein , Poursamad Bonab Jafar
Published: January 2022

A five-level atomic system is proposed in vicinity of a two-dimensional (2D) plasmonic nanostructure with application in atom-photon entanglement. The behavior of the atom-photon entanglement is discussed with and without a control laser field. The amount of atom-photon entanglement is controlled by the quantum interference created by the plasmonic nanostructure. Thus, the degree of atom-photon entanglement is affected by the atomic distance from the plasmonic nanostructure. In the presence of a control field, maximum entanglement between the atom and its spontaneous emission field is observed.
Zika virus baculovirus-expressed envelope protein elicited humoral and cellular immunity in immunocompetent mice
Authors: Shin Minna , Kim Kiju , Lee Hyo-Ji , Lee Rangyeon , Jung Yu-Jin , Park Jeongho , Hahn Tae-Wook
Published: January 2022

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that has a high risk of inducing Guillain–Barré syndrome and microcephaly in newborns. Because vaccination is considered the most effective strategy against ZIKV infection, we designed a recombinant vaccine utilizing the baculovirus expression system with two strains of ZIKV envelope protein (MR766, Env_M; ZBRX6, Env_Z). Animals inoculated with Env_M and Env_Z produced ZIKV-specific antibodies and secreted effector cytokines such as interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-12. Moreover, the progeny of immunized females had detectable maternal antibodies that protected them against two ZIKV strains (MR766 and PRVABC59) and a Dengue virus strain. We propose that the baculovirus expression system ZIKV envelope protein recombinant provides a safe and effective vaccine strategy.
Beef tallow injection matrix for serial crystallography
Authors: Nam Ki Hyun
Published: January 2022

Serial crystallography (SX) enables the visualization of the time-resolved molecular dynamics of macromolecular structures at room temperature while minimizing radiation damage. In SX experiments, the delivery of a large number of crystals into an X-ray interaction point in a serial and stable manner is key. Sample delivery using viscous medium maintains the stable injection stream at low flow rates, markedly reducing sample consumption compared with that of a liquid jet injector and is widely applied in SX experiments with low repetition rates. As the sample properties and experimental environment can affect the stability of the injection stream of a viscous medium, it is important to develop sample delivery media with various characteristics to optimize the experimental environment. In this study, a beef tallow injection matrix possessing a higher melting temperature than previously reported fat-based shortening and lard media was introduced as a sample delivery medium and applied to SX. Beef tallow was prepared by heat treating fats from cattle, followed by the removal of soluble impurities from the extract by phase separation. Beef tallow exhibited a very stable injection stream at room temperature and a flow rate of < 10 nL/min. The room-temperature structures of lysozyme and glucose isomerase embedded in beef tallow were successfully determined at 1.55 and 1.60 Å, respectively. The background scattering of beef tallow was higher than that of previously reported fat-based shortening and lard media but negligible for data processing. In conclusion, the beef tallow matrix can be employed for sample delivery in SX experiments conducted at temperatures exceeding room temperature.
Understanding the uneven spread of COVID-19 in the context of the global interconnected economy
Authors: Tsiotas Dimitrios , Tselios Vassilis
Published: January 2022

The worldwide spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is a complex and multivariate process differentiated across countries, and geographical distance is acceptable as a critical determinant of the uneven spreading. Although social connectivity is a defining condition for virus transmission, the network paradigm in the study of the COVID-19 spatio-temporal spread has not been used accordingly. Toward contributing to this demand, this paper uses network analysis to develop a multidimensional methodological framework for understanding the uneven (cross-country) spread of COVID-19 in the context of the globally interconnected economy. The globally interconnected system of tourism mobility is modeled as a complex network and studied within the context of a three-dimensional (3D) conceptual model composed of network connectivity, economic openness, and spatial impedance variables. The analysis reveals two main stages in the temporal spread of COVID-19, defined by the cutting-point of the 44th day from Wuhan. The first describes the outbreak in Asia and North America, the second stage in Europe, South America, and Africa, while the outbreak in Oceania intermediates. The analysis also illustrates that the average node degree exponentially decays as a function of COVID-19 emergence time. This finding implies that the highly connected nodes, in the Global Tourism Network (GTN), are disproportionally earlier infected by the pandemic than the other nodes. Moreover, countries with the same network centrality as China are early infected on average by COVID-19. The paper also finds that network interconnectedness, economic openness, and transport integration are critical determinants in the early global spread of the pandemic, and it reveals that the spatio-temporal patterns of the worldwide spreading of COVID-19 are more a matter of network interconnectivity than of spatial proximity.
Assessment of the relationship between labial gingival thickness and the underlying bone thickness in maxillary anterior teeth by two digital techniques
Authors: Wang Linhong , Ruan Yan , Chen Jianping , Luo Yunxiao , Yang Fan
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to noninvasively assess the relationship between the labial gingival thickness (GT) and the underlying bone thickness (BT) of maxillary anterior teeth by two digital techniques. A total of 30 periodontally healthy participants with 172 maxillary anterior teeth were enrolled. GT and BT were measured at 2, 4 and 6 mm apical to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) by two digital techniques: M1—cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and M2—digital intraoral scanning (DIS) combined with CBCT. The Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the correlation between GT and BT. A significant negative correlation was identified between GT and BT at 2 mm apical to the CEJ for central incisors (CI), lateral incisors (LI), and canines (CA) both by M1 and M2, while a weak negative correlation at 4 mm apical to the CEJ was observed by M1 for CA. No significant correlation was found at other sites by both M1 and M2. The labial BT was < 1 mm in most cases (85% of CI; 97% of LI; and 90% of CA). Within the limitation of this study, it was concluded that GT and BT seemed to be negatively correlated at 2 mm apical to the CEJ. Therefore, caution is warranted when implant restoration at the esthetic area of the anterior teeth.
Null results for the steal-framing effect on out-group aggression
Authors: Mifune Nobuhiro
Published: January 2022

Whether intergroup conflict is a necessary condition for the evolution of human prosociality has been a matter of debate. At the center of the debate is the coevolutionary model of parochial altruism—that human cooperation with in-group members has coevolved with aggression toward out-group members. Studies using the intergroup prisoner’s dilemma–maximizing difference game to test the model have repeatedly shown that people do not exhibit out-group aggression, possibly because of an inappropriate operationalization and framing of out-group aggression. The coevolutionary model predicts out-group aggression when the actor understands that it will lead to the in-group’s benefit. However, in the game, such an aspect of out-group aggression that benefits the in-group is typically not well communicated to participants. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that out-group aggression in the game would be promoted by a framing that emphasizes that attacking out-group members enhances the in-group’s gain. Results of two laboratory experiments with 176 Japanese university students in total showed that such a framing did not promote out-group aggression and individuals invested more money to cooperate with in-group members only, avoiding the strategy of cooperating with in-group members to harm out-group members. These results do not support the coevolutionary model.
Specific gut bacterial responses to natural diets of tropical birds
Authors: Bodawatta Kasun H. , Klečková Irena , Klečka Jan , Pužejová Kateřina , Koane Bonny , Poulsen Michael , Jønsson Knud A. , Sam Katerina
Published: January 2022

The composition of gut bacterial communities is strongly influenced by the host diet in many animal taxa. For birds, the effect of diet on the microbiomes has been documented through diet manipulation studies. However, for wild birds, most studies have drawn on literature-based information to decipher the dietary effects, thereby, overlooking individual variation in dietary intake. Here we examine how naturally consumed diets influence the composition of the crop and cloacal microbiomes of twenty-one tropical bird species, using visual and metabarcoding-based identification of consumed diets and bacterial 16S rRNA microbiome sequencing. We show that diet intakes vary markedly between individuals of the same species and that literature-based dietary guilds grossly underestimate intraspecific diet variability. Furthermore, despite an effect of literature-based dietary guild assignment of host taxa, the composition of natural diets does not align with crop and cloacal microbiome similarity. However, host-taxon specific gut bacterial lineages are positively correlated with specific diet items, indicating that certain microbes associate with different diet components in specific avian hosts. Consequently, microbiome composition is not congruent with the overall consumed diet composition of species, but specific components of a consumed diet lead to host-specific effects on gut bacterial taxa.
Rapid detection of airborne protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a biosensor detection system
Authors: Ma Jinbiao , Jiang Guanyu , Ma Qingqing , Wang Hao , Du Manman , Wang Can , Xie Xinwu , Li Tie , Chen Shixing
Published: January 2022

The developed biosensor detection system can complete the detection of air samples by collecting exhaled breath condensate, greatly reducing the time to diagnose tuberculosis.
Biomaterials-based strategies for in vitro neural models
Authors: Ozgun Alp , Lomboni David , Arnott Hallie , Staines William A. , Woulfe John , Variola Fabio
Published: January 2022

This review provides a comprehensive compendium of commonly used biomaterials as well as the different fabrication techniques employed for the design of 3D neural tissue models.
Hemicubane topological analogs of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II mediating water-assisted propylene carbonate oxidation
Authors: Koellner Connor A. , Gau Michael R. , Polyak Aleksander , Bayana Manish , Zdilla Michael J.
Published: January 2022

A series of Ca–Mn hemicubane clusters with topological analogy to the biological oxygen evolving complex are prepared. Those with closest structural analogy are active in the electrochemical activation of water in the decomposition of propylene carbonate.
Pursuit of next-generation glycopeptides: a journey with vancomycin
Authors: Acharya Yash , Dhanda Geetika , Sarkar Paramita , Haldar Jayanta
Published: January 2022

Next-generation vancomycin analogues developed through semisynthetic modifications tackle vancomycin resistance and complex infections.
Enhancing the stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients by the cocrystal strategy
Authors: Liu Liyu , Wang Jian-Rong , Mei Xuefeng
Published: January 2022

Cocrystal strategies to achieve excellent physiochemical performance under different environmental stress were highlighted here. The lattice energy and the energy barrier of degradation reactions are two pillars in a stable cocrystal construction.
Gas phasevs.liquid phase: monitoring H2and CO adsorption phenomena on Pt/Al2O3by IR spectroscopy
Authors: Carosso Michele , Fovanna Thibault , Ricchebuono Alberto , Vottero Eleonora , Manzoli Maela , Morandi Sara , Pellegrini Riccardo , Piovano Andrea , Ferri Davide , Groppo Elena
Published: January 2022

The adsorption of H2and CO over Pt/Al2O3was studied in gas and in liquid phase by FT-IR and ATR-IR spectroscopies under otherwise similar conditions. The solvent competes with hydrogen and CO for terrace and kink metal sites.
A tumor microenvironment-responsive Co/ZIF-8/ICG/Pt nanoplatform for chemodynamic and enhanced photodynamic antitumor therapy
Authors: Jiang Fan , Zhao Yajie , Yang Chunzheng , Cheng Ziyong , Liu Min , Xing Bengang , Ding Binbin , Ma Ping'an , Lin Jun
Published: January 2022

A tumor microenvironment-responsive nanoplatform Co/ZIF-8/ICG/Pt (CZIP) was successfully constructed for chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Determination of metallic nanoparticles in biological samples by single particle ICP-MS: a systematic review from sample collection to analysis
Authors: Laycock Adam , Clark Nathaniel J. , Clough Robert , Smith Rachel , Handy Richard D.
Published: January 2022

A systematic review of the use of single particle ICP-MS to analyse engineered nanomaterials in biological samples has highlighted that efforts have focused on a select few compositions and there is a lack of information for some important tissues.
Integration of intestinal microbiota and metabonomics to elucidate different alleviation impacts of non-saponification and saponification astaxanthin pre-treatment on paracetamol-induced oxidative stress in rats
Authors: Song Ru , Xu Yan , Jia Zhe , Liu Xinyan , Zhang Xiaoxia
Published: January 2022

Saponification Asta (S-Asta) pre-treatment demonstrated stronger alleviation impacts than nonsaponificaiton Asta (N-Asta) against paracetamol (PCM) induced oxidative stress.
Reduction of ROS-HIF1α-driven glycolysis by taurine alleviates Streptococcus uberis infection
Authors: Lan Riguo , Zhou Yuanyuan , Wang Zhenglei , Fu Shaodong , Gao Yabing , Gao Xing , Zhang Jinqiu , Han Xiangan , Phouthapane Vanhnaseng , Xu Yuanyuan , Miao Jinfeng
Published: January 2022

Antibiotic-resistant strains of Streptococcus uberis (S. uberis) frequently cause clinical mastitis in dairy cows resulting in enormous economic losses.
Correction: Sustainable advances in SLA/DLP 3D printing materials and processes
Authors: Maines Erin M. , Porwal Mayuri K. , Ellison Christopher J. , Reineke Theresa M.
Published: January 2022

Correction for ‘Sustainable advances in SLA/DLP 3D printing materials and processes’ by Erin M. Maines et al., Green Chem., 2021, 23, 6863–6897, DOI: 10.1039/D1GC01489G.
Singlet oxygen formation from photoexcited P3HT:PCBM films applied in oxidation reactions
Authors: Nyga Aleksandra , Blacha-Grzechnik Agata , Podsiadły Przemysław , Duda Alicja , Kępska Kinga , Krzywiecki Maciej , Motyka Radosław , Janssen René A. J. , Data Przemysław
Published: January 2022

P3HT:PCBM layers deposited on a glass substrate by spin-coating can be considered a singlet oxygen source under visible-light illumination, and they can be applied in fine-chemicals synthesis.
Naphthalene anhydride triphenylamine as a viscosity-sensitive molecular rotor for liquid safety inspection
Authors: Xu Lingfeng , Peng Xinkang , Ma Gengxiang , Zeng Mei , Wu Kui , Liu Limin
Published: January 2022

Naphthalene anhydride triphenylamine as a viscosity-sensitive rotor was designed for carrying out fluorescence investigations on beverage deterioration.
Engineered extracellular vesicles encapsulated Bryostatin-1 as therapy for neuroinflammation
Authors: Wu Wen-Cheng , Tian Jing , Xiao Dan , Guo Yu-Xin , Xiao Yun , Wu Xiao-Yu , Casella Giacomo , Rasouli Javad , Yan Ya-Ping , Rostami Abdolmohamad , Wang Li-Bin , Zhang Yuan , Li Xing
Published: January 2022

Targeted and effective drug delivery to CNS lesion enhanced remyelination in demyelinating disease.
Correction: The kinetic resolution of oxazinones by alcoholysis: access to orthogonally protected β-amino acids
Authors: Cronin Sarah A. , Connon Stephen J.
Published: January 2022

Correction for ‘The kinetic resolution of oxazinones by alcoholysis: access to orthogonally protected β-amino acids’ by Sarah A. Cronin et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2021, 19, 7348–7352, DOI: 10.1039/D1OB01306H.
Determining theQ–evalues of polymer radicals and monomers separately through the derivation of an intrinsicQ–escheme for radical copolymerization
Authors: Kawauchi Susumu , Akatsuka Akinori , Hayashi Yoshihiro , Furuya Hidemine , Takata Toshikazu
Published: January 2022

To non-arbitrarily determine theQ–evalues for individual polymer radicals and monomers, a new scheme,i.e., the intrinsicQ–escheme, was derived by subjecting the two reference monomers to the generalizedQ–escheme including individual radical and monomer parameters.
Enrichment of gas storage in clathrate hydrates by optimizing the molar liquid water–gas ratio
Authors: Burla Sai Kiran , Pinnelli S. R. Prasad
Published: January 2022

Methane and carbon dioxide storage in hydrate form.
Manganese(i)-catalyzed access to 1,2-bisphosphine ligands
Authors: Ge Luo , Harutyunyan Syuzanna R.
Published: January 2022

Chiral bisphosphine ligands are of key importance in transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of optically active products. Mn(i)-catalyzed hydrophosphination offers a two-step, one-pot synthetic sequence to access chiral 1,2-bisphosphines.
C(sp3)–H oxygenation via alkoxypalladium(ii) species: an update for the mechanism
Authors: Zhang Shuaizhong , Zhang Jinquan , Zou Hongbin
Published: January 2022

Alkoxypalladium(ii) species lead to γ-C(sp3)–H acyloxylation and alkoxylation products using tert-butyl hydroperoxide as the oxidant.
Effects of alignment activity on the collapse kinetics of a flexible polymer
Authors: Paul Subhajit , Majumder Suman , Das Subir K. , Janke Wolfhard
Published: January 2022

The nonequilibrium kinetics of various biological filaments can be understood within the framework of active polymer models. Increasing the alignment activity of monomers changes the intermediates during collapse from pearl-necklace to dumbbell-like conformations.
A bioinspired, electroactive colorable and additive manufactured photonic artificial muscle
Authors: Ma Wentao , Li Bo , Jiang Lei , Sun Ya , Wu Yehui , Zhao Pengfei , Chen Guimin
Published: January 2022

A structure-colorable flexural artificial muscle (FlexAM) is developed by integrating both a flexible two-dimensional grating pattern layer and dielectric elastomers via additive laminated object manufacturing. The FlexAM harnesses the view angle-dependence to deliver a voltage-activated and ultrafast coloration performance at a rate of 2.814 nm ms−1.
Fe–Co–Ni trimetallic organic framework chrysanthemum-like nanoflowers: efficient and durable oxygen evolution electrocatalysts
Authors: Li Ziliang , Deng Shangkun , Yu Hai , Yin Zhuangzhuang , Qi Shihan , Yang Lei , Lv Jianguo , Sun Zhaoqi , Zhang Miao
Published: January 2022

The preparation process of a trimetallic FCN-BTC MOF and its OER catalytic performance compared with the noble metal catalyst RuO2.
Three-dimensional hierarchical MoO2/MoC@NC-CC free-standing anode applied in microbial fuel cells
Authors: Liu Da , Fang Wenkai , Li Jiangtao , Zhang Liling , Yan Mei , Tang Hongwu
Published: January 2022

In general, enrichment of a higher number of exoelectrogens implies higher power density.
A multifunctional platinum(iv) and cyanine dye-based polyprodrug for trimodal imaging-guided chemo–phototherapy
Authors: Li Shuying , Wu Yanjuan , Liu Siyuan , Wu Ting , Liu Guozheng , Li Tianduo , Chen Zhaowei
Published: January 2022

This study reports an innovative polyprodrug, PCPP NPs, which could be used for near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging, photothermal imaging, and Pt-based CT imaging guided chemo–phototherapy.
Laser-patterned carbon coatings on flexible and optically transparent plastic substrates for advanced biomedical sensing and implant applications
Authors: Joshi Pratik , Riley Parand R. , Denning Warren , Shukla Shubhangi , Khosla Nayna , Narayan Jagdish , Narayan Roger
Published: January 2022

Plasma and laser-based processing for tailoring DLC thin film properties for state-of-the-art wearable sensing applications.
Facile generation of thenil and furil based blue emitters for the fabrication of non-doped and solution-processed light-emitting electrochemical cells
Authors: Puthanveedu Archana , Shanmugasundaram Kanagaraj , Yoon Sunghyun , Choe Youngson
Published: January 2022

Environmentally sustainable, energy-efficient and economical devices have drawn great attention and are considered to be the future of artificial lighting device market. LECs provide promising benefits such as their compatible nature with inert cathode materials, solution-processability, and low voltage drive.
1D iron(ii)-1,2,4-triazolic chains with spin crossover assembled from discrete trinuclear complexes
Authors: Shylin Sergii I. , Shova Sergiu , Shepherd Helena J. , Ksenofontov Vadim , Tremel Wolfgang , Gural'skiy Il'ya A.
Published: January 2022

Temperature-induced spin crossover has been found in a molecular ferrous complex of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole for the FeN6 centres, while the FeN3O3 centres are always HS.
N-terminal phosphorylation regulates the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3 from Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Pazicky Samuel , Alder Arne , Mertens Haydyn , Svergun Dmitri , Gilberger Tim , Löw Christian
Published: January 2022

As the decline of malaria cases stalled over the last five years, novel targets in Plasmodium falciparum are necessary for the development of new drugs. Glycogen Synthase Kinase (PfGSK3) has been identified as a potential target, since its selective inhibitors were shown to disrupt the parasitès life cycle. In the uncanonical N-terminal region of the parasite enzyme, we identified several autophosphorylation sites and probed their role in activity regulation of PfGSK3. By combining molecular modeling with experimental small-angle X-ray scattering data, we show that increased PfGSK3 activity is promoted by conformational changes in the PfGSK3 N-terminus, triggered by N-terminal phosphorylation. Our work provides novel insights into the structure and regulation of the malarial PfGSK3.
Insights from structural studies of the cardiovirus 2A protein
Authors: Caliskan Neva , Hill Chris H.
Published: January 2022

Cardioviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses of the family Picornaviridae. In addition to being the first example of internal ribosome entry site (IRES) utilization, cardioviruses also employ a series of alternative translation strategies, such as Stop-Go translation and programmed ribosome frameshifting. Here, we focus on cardiovirus 2A protein, which is not only a primary virulence factor, but also exerts crucial regulatory functions during translation, including activation of viral ribosome frameshifting and inhibition of host cap-dependent translation. Only recently, biochemical and structural studies have allowed us to close the gaps in our knowledge of how cardiovirus 2A is able to act in diverse translation-related processes as a novel RNA-binding protein. This review will summarize these findings, which ultimately may lead to the discovery of other RNA-mediated gene expression strategies across a broad range of RNA viruses.
Investigation of impact of DC component on breakdown characteristics for different electric fields under composite AC & DC voltage
Authors: Ispirli Mehmet Murat , Kalenderli Özcan , Seifert Florian , Rock Michael , Oral Bülent
Published: January 2022

The valve side of the converter in the high‐voltage direct current is subjected to mixed voltages such as composite AC & DC voltage. In this study, the effects of the homogeneity of electric field on breakdown voltage were investigated for different ±DC component amplitudes of the composite voltage. The field efficiency factor was calculated using mean and maximum field strengths for all of them. Variation of breakdown voltage of air was examined under the composite AC & DC voltage for different ratios ±DC. As one result of the study, the breakdown occurs at the positive half‐wave of the AC voltage despite −DC voltage being applied due to positive corona discharge pulses. This breakdown point is named as the polarity change point. The breakdown voltage increases with the decrease of DC voltage component up to polarity change point in non‐uniform electric field. In less uniform electric field, the AC breakdown voltage was measured slightly higher than the DC breakdown voltage. In less uniform electric field, as the ratio of the applied AC voltage to DC voltage increases, the breakdown voltage gradually approaches the AC breakdown voltage. This result is similar to the result obtained for the +DC component in non‐uniform electric field experiments.
First observation of a quadruple asteroid
Authors: Berdeu Anthony , Langlois Maud , Vachier Frédéric
Published: January 2022

Context.Extreme adaptive optics systems, such as the Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch facility (SPHERE), push forward the limits in high contrast and high resolution in direct imaging. The main objectives of these instruments are exoplanet detection and characterisation.

Aims.We aim to increase the contrast limits to detect new satellites orbiting known asteroids. We use cutting-edge data reduction techniques and data processing algorithms that are essential to best analyse the raw data provided by the instruments and increase their performances. Doing so, the unequalled performances of SPHERE also make it a unique tool to resolve and study asteroids in the solar system, expanding the domain of its main science targets.

Methods.We applied a newly developed data reduction pipeline for integral field spectrographs on archival SPHERE data of a resolved asteroid, (130) Elektra. It was coupled with a dedicated point spread function reconstruction algorithm to model the asteroid halo. Following the halo removal, the moon signal could be extracted more accurately. The moon positions were fitted at three epochs and were used to derive the orbital parameters via a genetic-based algorithm.

Results.We announce the discovery of S/2014 (130) 2, a third moon orbiting (130) Elektra, making it the first quadruple asteroid ever found. It is identified in three different epochs, 9, 30, and 31 Dec. 2014, at a respective angular separation of 258 mas (333 km), 229 mas (327 km), and 319 mas (457 km). We estimate that this moon has a period of 0.679 ± 0.001 day and a semi-major axis of 344 ± 5 km, with an eccentricity of 0.33 ± 0.05 and an inclination of 38° ±19° compared to the primary rotation axis. With a relative magnitude to the primary of 10.5 ± 0.5, its size is estimated to be 1.6 ± 0.4 km.

Conclusions.The orbital parameters of S/2014 (130) 2 are poorly constrained due to the unfavourable configurations of the available fragmentary data. Additional observations are needed to better estimate its orbit and to suggest a formation model. This new detection nonetheless shows that dedicated data reduction and processing algorithms modelling the physics of the instruments can push their contrast limits further.
Systematic and Ecological-Cenotic Analysis of the Cyperaceae Family of the Chechen Republic
Authors: Iriskhanova Zazu , Takaeva Madina , Molochaeva Luiza
Published: January 2022

In this communication, a systematic and ecology-coenotical analysis of representatives of the Cyperaceae family of the Chechen Republic is given. A complete list of genera of the studied family of the Chechen Republic is specified. These studies were carried out based on processing herbarium materials and field observations of the authors. Representatives of Cyperaceae family of the Chechen Republic for the first time will be well studied.
Interactive methods of teaching mathematics, contributing to the formation of competencies in students of the field of training Agronomy format
Authors: Kiyko Pavel , Shchukina Natalia
Published: January 2022

The article outlines aspects of the formation of general professional competencies (GPC-1) through the study of mathematical disciplines; reveals the features of the methodology for the application of tasks (tasks of profile content, task case, task-situation), which are the main means of assessing the formation of the corresponding indicators of achievement of competence: ID-1, ID-2, ID-3, etc. The work analyzed educational publications in mathematical disciplines for the presence of tasks for an objective assessment of the level of formation of general professional competence (GPC-1), the problem of developing the content of criteria and assessment tools for formation of general professional competencies. The authors provide examples of tasks in the disciplines of Higher Mathematics and Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, designed to form skills in identifying and defining a problem, choosing research methods, analyzing, interpreting the result and transferring fundamental knowledge into the language of professional activity.
Organic agriculture as a factor in the development of rural tourism in the Sverdlovsk region
Authors: Oshkordina A. A. , Okhrimenko E. I. , Goncharova N. A.
Published: January 2022

The authors in the article consider sectoral changes and structural transformations in the field of agriculture associated with the influence of global trends and growth factors in agricultural productivity. One of these trends, the authors identify rural tourism (ecotourism), the development of which increases the socio-cultural, financial and economic level of agricultural areas. The factors of development and implementation of agricultural technologies of organic agriculture, which have a positive effect on the development of rural tourism and form the demand for tourism products, have been identified. The ways of improving the organization and implementation of event and tourist activities as effective tools for attracting attention and popularizing rural areas have been identified, which in the context of the prevention of coronavirus infection around the world is an urgent factor for many categories of the population. In the context of the prevention of coronavirus, infection in many countries, domestic tourism is becoming a priority area for the development of the tourism industry, focusing, among other things, on the development of new products for rural and agro-industrial tourism.
Green technologies use in the smart grid construction in rural power supply systems
Authors: Naumov Igor , Podyachikh Sergey , Polkovskaya Marina , Tretyakov Aleksandr
Published: January 2022

The article considers the using intelligent controls possibility in low-voltage rural electric networks to minimize the unbalance modes consequences. The proposed technology includes the digital data transmission compilation on the electrical energy parameters with a new balancing technical means the electrical network operating mode. Digital feedback is provided for changes the balancing device (BD) parameters by the unbalancing power consumption changing level. Based on the developed methods compilation, software for calculating unbalancing modes has been created, which makes it possible to assess the currents and voltages unbalancing effect on the power quality and its additional losses change. The “green” technology proposed version, which increases the economic and the electric energy environmental safety use in the rural electric power industry, contains a new constructive solution for the balancing device implementation. The proposed technology was tested on the measurement data basis in existing electrical networks. Based on the MALAB technologies use, changes studied indicators visualization in the before and after BD integration in the electrical network was carried out and its analysis was makes. Used on the “neural networks” MALAB technology, a preventive assessment of the unbalancing power consumption events development in the investigated operating electrical network is presented, as well as the proposed technology effectiveness assessment was carried out.
On the question of the use of inter-settlement territories in the structure of urban agglomerations
Authors: Vylegzhanina Valerija , Giniyatov Ilgiz , Dobrotvorskaja Nadezhda , Timonov Viktor
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the reasons that contribute to the formation of agglomerations on the territory of the Novosibirsk region, overpopulation of urban areas that make up the agglomerations, as well as the reasons for the decrease in rural inhabited space on the territory of municipalities located within the boundaries of the regions of the region, both within the agglomeration itself and on the territory districts of the region located outside the agglomeration. The results of the influence of urban agglomerations on the state of agricultural lands located within and outside the specified agglomerations are considered. An analogy is drawn between these processes in relation to agricultural lands with lands of the named category located on the territory of the Russian Federation. A possible solution to these problems is proposed, providing for the development of conceptual approaches, including the introduction of phased structural and investment measures.
Assessment of the sustainability of multipliers as the core of the region's agroeconomic system
Authors: Kalitskaya V.V. , Pustuev A.A. , Rykalin O.A. , Mustafina O.V. , Perminova I.M.
Published: January 2022

This article examines the role of multipliers – subsectors of agriculture, as the core of the agroeconomic system of any region, using the example of the Ural Federal Okrug, and also evaluates their sustainability based on materials from 2010-2015. Three basic subsectors are analyzed as multipliers: grain production, dairy farming and poultry farming. As a result of the author's calculations using the appropriate methods, a conclusion was drawn about the dependence of the basic industries on each other, as well as on the market model in a particular territory.
A hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method for second order elliptic equations with Dirac delta source
Authors: Leng Haitao , Chen Yanping
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we investigate a hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method for second order elliptic equations with Dirac measures. Under assumption that the domain is convex and the mesh is quasi-uniform, a priori error estimate for the error in L2-norm is proved. By duality argument and Oswald interpolation, a posteriori error estimates for the errors in L2-norm and W1,p-seminorm are also obtained. Finally, numerical examples are provided to validate the theoretical analysis.
Nonlocal symmetry and interaction solutions for the new (3+1)-dimensional integrable Boussinesq equation
Authors: Hu Hengchun , Li Xiaodan
Published: January 2022

The nonlocal symmetry of the new (3+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation is obtained with the truncated Painlevé method. The nonlocal symmetry can be localized to the Lie point symmetry for the prolonged system by introducing auxiliary dependent variables. The finite symmetry transformation related to the nonlocal symmetry of the integrable (3+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation is studied. Meanwhile, the new (3+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation is proved by the consistent tanh expansion method and many interaction solutions among solitons and other types of nonlinear excitations such as cnoidal periodic waves and resonant soliton solution are given.
La photonique en région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Authors: Pasquier Corinne
Published: January 2022

La région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes dispose d’un écosystème des plus innovants en France dans les domaines de l’optique et de la photonique. Le territoire regroupe plusieurs centaines d’entreprises, de start-ups, de plateformes de transfert technologiques et d’organismes de recherche sur cette filière et se positionne en seconde position en termes de R&D avec 25 % de l’activité nationale Photonique.