bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of Nutrition Demand Enquiry Model for Preschool-Aged Children Based on Health Promotion Model
Authors: Has Eka Mishbahatul Mar'ah , Sustini Florentina , Armini Ni Ketut Alit
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Preschool-aged children are not able to manage their nutrition independently. They need help, especially from their mother. Mother's behavior has effect on preschool's nutritional status. The aim of this study was to develop nutrition demand enquiry model for preschool-aged children based on Health Promotion Model.Method: Design used in this research was an observational analytic with cross sectional approach that was conducted in Karangturi Village, Gresik, East Java. The population was mothers of preschool aged children listed on Integrated Health Post for Underﬁves (Posyandu Balita) along April–May 2012. Simple random sampling was used to take the sample. Sample size was 90 respondents. The independent variables were personal factors  (age, motivation, and ethnicity), perceived beneﬁt, perceived barrier, perceived self-efﬁcacy, and commitment. The dependent variable was mother's behavior on nutrition of preschool children. Data were collected using questionnaire and food recall 24 hour. Data were analyzed using PLS (Partial Least Square) Regression.Result: The result showed that 1) personal factors had correlation with perceived beneﬁt, perceived barrier, and perceived self-efﬁcacy; 2) perceived beneﬁt and perceived barrier had correlation with commitment; 3) commitment had no correlation with mother's behavior on nutrition. Perceived beneﬁt and perceived barrier had direct correlation with mother's behavior on nutrition. Discussion: It can be concluded that mother's perceived beneﬁt and perceived barrier was correlated with mother's behavior on nutrition. Nurses are key health care professionals responsible for increasing health education activities about how to manage nutrition of preschool age children. So, mother should have good behavior on preschool age children's nutrition.
Men`S Physical, Psychological and Social Response to Vasectomy Acceptor of Family Planning Program in Sukoharjo Central Java
Authors: Ambarwati Winarsih Nur
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Indonesia is on the fourth position in the world as the most populated nation in 2009. Great number of people with lack of skill would give potential burden in the nation development. Generally, the outcome of Indonesian Family Planing Program(FPP) acceptor to Indonesian women is sufﬁcient which is ranging to 59 percent of the total 60,3 percent of participants but if compared to men's participation in is still insigniﬁcant. Husband's participation as participant is still low 1.3% consisted of 0.9 percent condom user, 0.4 percent vasectomy user. To describe experiences of Indonesian men following vasectomy in relation to their physical, psychological and social responses to vasectomy.Method: The research design of this research uses descriptive qualitative study. The sample selection was done using theoretical sampling technique. The data collection instrument of grounded theory research is the researcher herself, while other instruments are namely ﬁeld report, audiotape, videotape, and notes. The data analysis is utilized Colaizzi`s method. Result: Numbers of participants were 7 persons. Physical change after the vasectomy surgery is on general physical change (there is no change felt, the body's stamina raises, healthier, less energy, or weary) and physical change on reproduction organ is none. Sexual ability has no change, it increases, it also decreases. The sexual satisfaction is the same, more satisﬁ ed, or less satisﬁed. The characteristic change of spermatid is the same, there is change (lesser quantity, more dissolved), and ignore it. All participants said that they feel more comfortable in doing sex after vasectomy surgery. Most participants feel conﬁdence of their sexual ability. The participants' perspective had no difference and feel difference, or there is a change. Most participants stated that vasectomy is the right decision, but few felt disappointed. The social environment response toward men as the acceptor of vasectomy is that the society support it and few contradict it.Discussion: vasectomy no hazard to physic, psycology, social, and wife. Vasectomy is a good one of methode contraception to men.
The Independence of Post Sectio Caesarea Mother with Discharge Planning Based on Orem's Self Care Theory
Authors: W Tinok Ayu Putri , Nursalam Nursalam , Has Eka Mishbahatul Mar'ah
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Discharge planning is one of nursing intervention that aim to promote the independence of patient's self care-activities after discharge from hospital. This study was aimed to examine the effect of discharge planning on wound care independence of post sectio caesarea mother at Melati Room, Dr. Soegiri Hospital, Lamongan.Method: Design of this study was quasy experiment. The population were post sectio caesarea mother at Melati Room Dr. Soegiri Hospital Lamongan, since May – June 2012. The samples were taken by purposive sampling technique. Fourteen responsdents matched with the inclusion criteria and divided into treatment and control groups. The datas were collected by using questionnaire and observation sheet. Then datas were analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney U Test with signiﬁcance level of α ≤ 0.05.Result: The result of this study showed that post sectio caesarea mother knowledge had signiﬁcance level of p = 0.027 in treatment group, and in control group was p = 0.034, for post sectio caesarea patient's skill p = 0.015 in treatment group and in control group was p = 0.017. The result of Mann Whitney U test was p = 0.001, it means there was different in knowledge, and skill of wound care on post sectio caesarea patient between treatment and control groups.Discussion: It can be concluded that there are signiﬁcant effect of wound care independence of post sectio caesarea patient with discharge planning approach based on orem's self care theory to improve patient's independence. Hospital need to develop discharge planning procedure to meet the needs of patient with post sectio caesarea wound and decrease the number of surgical wound infection.
Topical Breastmilk: Nursing Care of Newborn Umbilical Cord Model
Authors: Kasiati Kasiati , Santoso Budi , Yunitasari Esti , Nursalam Nursalam
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Omphalitis and umbilical cord separation time contributing to the number of morbidity and mortality in infants. There are various ways of cord care, but there was no significant difference in prevent of infection and cord separation time. Breast milk contains anti-infective and antiinflammatory factors that can be used for cord care. WHO recommends to develop it. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of topical breastmilk model on the incidence of omphalitis and separation time of the umbilical cord to the newborn.Methods: The study design was a quasy experimental. The subjects of this study were 30 newborns obtained by consecutive sampling in Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Kendangsari Surabaya May–June 2012. The samples were divided into 2 groups (topical breastmilk and open dry treatment), each group consists of 15 newborns. Data were analyzed using chi-square and independent t-test with a signifi cance level ofα≤0.05.Results: There was no difference in the incidence of omphalitis in the use of topical breastmilk model compared to open dry treatment (p=0.33). However, there are significant differences in the average of cord separation time between topical breastmilk model and open dry treatment (p=0.020).Conclusion: Model of cord care with topical breastmilk lowers the risk of omphalitis and accelerate the cord separation time compared to open dry treatment. Using breastmilk as cord care are safe, effective and efficient.
Effectiveness, Safety, and Side Effect of Depo Progestin and Depo Vigestron Contraception
Authors: Santoso Budi , Annas Jimmy Yanuar , Manan Heriyadi , Albadawi Nizam , Marina Marina , Anggraeni Maria , Asih Leli
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Trends in contraceptive injections increased in the last two decades. Hormonal contraceptive injection is available in single or combination dose. However, the products are available more than 1 ml (more than recommendation of WHO). This study aims to determine the effectiveness, safety and side effects of the contraceptive injection Depo Progestin® 3 ml, Depo Vigestron® 3 ml and Depo Vigestron® 1 ml.Methods: This study used randomized controlled clinical trial and open label. The research subject were 900 people in two center, Surabaya and Palembang. The samples were divided into 3 (three) groups, group Depo Progestin® vial 3 ml, group Depo Vigestron® vial 3 ml, and group Depo Vigestron® vial 1 ml. Each of consist 300 women using the "random permutation block". Analysis was performed 5 times, when an initial injection and a schedule of repeated injections in the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th month. The data analyzed include weight, blood pressure, menstrual pattern, and the complaints of the patients.Results: From the 900 only 862 valid samples. The results showed no signi fi cant difference between groups Depo Progestin® 3ml, Depo Vigestron® 3 ml and Depo Vigestron® 1 ml. The majority of respondents experienced an increase in weight, but still within normal limits, did not have increased blood pressure, increased menstrual blood volume, Pregnancy didn’t occured to all respondents and found no abnormalities in cervical cytology.Conclusion: Contraceptive injection of Depo Progestin® 3 ml, Depo Vigestron® 3 ml dan Depo Vigestron® 1 ml, have used during 12 months can be concluded that those tree kind of contraception were efective, safe and had no side effect.
Elderly Fall Risk Assessment (Elderly) Scale using Hendrich Falls Fall and Morse Scale
Authors: Dessy Vivi Armany , Harmayetty Harmayetty , Widyawati Ika Yuni
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Incidence of falls in elderly become a serious problem for patients hospitalised with limited activity. There was now the patients instruments to measure risk of fall for elderly patients. The aimed of the study was to examine the differences of risk fall to the elderly by using instrument Hendrich Falls Scale (HFS) and Morse Falls Scale (MFS).Methods: A comparative-longitudinal design was used in this study. The population were elderly patients in the treatment room D2 and D3 Adi Husada’s Hospital. There were 20 elderlys as a respondents which taken by using purposive sampling technique. Dependent variable was the value of measuring the risk of falling and independent variable was the instrument of HFS and MFS. Data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with significance level α≤0.05.Result: The results showed that HFS’s instrument compared with MFS in the fi rst day are equally sensitive on the presented 100%, second day: 80%, third day: 31.3%, fourth day: 20%. HFS specificity of MFS on first day compared only 64% than MFS was 100%. The statistical results tests on the both scale of assessment indicated that there were differences the value on first day p=0.180, second day p=0.58, third and fourth day p=0.001.Conclusion: The use of MFS was more sensitive than HSF for detection of elderly patients with falling risk. The conclution of this results MFS’s instrument was more sensitive to assess elderly with risk of fall because MFS,s points more detailed assessment. It is recommended that elderly patients with falling risk need to assess by using MFS. Further research to focus on the risk of fall assessment using HFS and MFS categories.
Marketing Mix by Bed Occupancy Ratio (BOR)
Authors: Muhith Abdul , Saputra M. Himawan , Nursalam Nursalam
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Bed Occupancy Ratio (BOR) in RSI Arafah Mojosari during the last three years are at under ideal rate and the lowest of the three existing hospitals in the area of Mojosari. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship marketing mix with Bed Occupancy Ratio in RSI Arafah Mojosari.Methods: This research uses analytic methods with crossectional approach. Variables in the study is marketing mix and Bed Occupancy Ratio (BOR). The population in this study were all patients hospitalized in the RSI Arafah Mojosari. Samples amounted 44 respondents taken by the Stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using the questionnaire and analyzed using Fisher's Exact test.Result: The results obtained more than 50% of respondents (59.1%) rate well against the marketing mix is developed by the hospital management and the majority of respondents (79.5%) are in the treatment room that has a number BOR is not ideal. Fisher Exact test test results obtained probabililty value=0.02<0.05 so that H0 is rejected, which means there is a relationship marketing mix with the Bed Occupancy Ratio in RSI Arafah Mojosari.Conclusion: Hospitals which able to develop the marketing mix very well, can attract consumers to use inpatient services at the hospital, with that BOR value will increase as the increased use of inpatient services. Hospital management must be able to formulate a good marketing mix strategy that hospital marketing objectives can be achieved. Conformity between service quality and service rates must be addressed, otherwise it extent of media promotions can attract patients to inpatient services.
Comparative Study of Registered Nurse and Specialist’s Attitude Toward Nurse-Physician Collaboration in Hospital
Authors: Setiawan Setiawan
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Relationships between nurse and physician in hospital in Indonesia have been established for a long time. This relationship keeps continue toward more professional in order to enhance quality of healthcare. The purpose of this study was to identify attitude of registered nurse and specialist toward nurse-physician collaboration in hospital.Methods: Descriptive comparative design was employed in this study. Number of respondents recruited was 87 which composed of 44 registered nurses and 43 specialists). Data was collected by using Jefferson scale of attitudes toward nurse-physician collaboration. Gathered data was analyzed by simple statistics (frequency and mean) to describe demographical data and by independent t-test to determine the attitude difference between registered nurses and specialist toward nursephysician collaboration.Results: Results of this study showed that registered nurses and specialist have positive attitude toward nurse-physician collaboration at H. Adam Malik General Hospital. Based on independent t-test, this study found that registered nurses signi fi cantly has more positive attitude toward nurse-physician collaboration in hospital compare to specialist.Discussion: It is recommended that registered nurses and specialist at H. Adam Malik General Hospital should develop a collaboration model in hospital to ensure quality hospital-based health service.
Family Empowerment in Increasing Self-Efficacy and Self-Care Activity of Family and Patients with Pulmonary Tb
Authors: Muhtar Muhtar
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Self-management and follow-up care at home is the key to a comprehensive pulmonary Tb management. One way to increase patient’s self-effi cacy and self-care activity is family empowerment. This study was aimed to prove the in fl uence of family empowermant in increasing self-effi cacy and self-care activity family and Pulmonary Tb patients.Method: This research used quasy experiment with non-randomized control group pre-posttest design. Population was family who lived with Pulmonary Tb patient, listed at Puskesmas Paruga and Mpunda. Samples were 32 respondents, divided into treatment and control group. Data were collected using questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test, Mann-Whitney test, and Spearman Rho with level of signi fi cance 5%.Result: The results of Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann-Whitney Test showed value of p < 0.05. It means family empowerment had in fluenced on patient’s self effi cacy (p = 0.001), self-care activity (p = 0.001), family’s self effi cacy and self care activity (p = 0.002), and family’s role (p = 0.001). While, Spearman’s rho analysis revealed p = 0.001, which means self-effi cacy has signi fi cant relationship with self-care acitivity.Discussion: Family empowerment affects family knowledge and action in the treatment of pulmonary Tb patients. Family have an important role to improve patient’s self-effi cacy and self-care activity. Further research should develop nursing interventions, which useful for the improvement of self-effi cacy, self-care, medication adherence, and quality of life patients with pulmonary Tb.
Model of An Increasing Quality of Nursing Service (Satisfaction) for Poor Patient in Public Health Center Indonesia
Authors: Nursalam Nursalam , Pratiwi Pratiwi , Hidayati Laily
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Nursing care Quality in a health center was one form of services that had to be considered and adjusted based on customer perception. The purpose of this study was to analyse the model of quality nursing service based on the customer perspective using the theory of Service Quality (SERVQUAL) for Poor patient in Public Health Center in Indonesia. Method: The study was a descriptive survey design. The respondents were all patients at Puskesmas Ngletih- Kediri. There were 46 respondents who had been chosen by simple random sampling. Research variables were the recommendation of others, customer needs, past experiences and the quality of nursing care. Data were collected using a questionnaire that was modified from the theory of service quality by Parasuraman and analyzed using binary logistic regression test with a significance level of p < 0.05.Results: The results showed that the recommendation from others (p = 0.011), customer requirements (p = 0.033), and past experiences (p = 0.009) were related to the quality of nursing care. Past experience variables had the greatest chance to determine the quality of nursing care at Puskesmas Ngletih to be good. Three variables had a chance of 78.26% to form a customer’s perception of good service quality all at once.Discussion: It can be concluded that thecustomers get the recommendation of others, can fulfill their needs, and have good experiences because of a good nursing care quality in the health center. On the other hand, if the customers get bad experiences and their needs are not met, they will not recommend to others to use the services of nursing services at the health center and customers’ perceptionabout the good quality of nursing care will not be formed.
Quality Of Nursing Work Life Improvement Model to Decrease Nurse Intention to Quit in Premier Surabaya Hospital
Authors: Prihastuty Jany , Damayanti Nyoman Anita , Nursalam Nursalam
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Quality of Nursing Work Life (QNWL) is a thing that needs attention by human resource management approach. The purpose of this research was to provide develop model to increase QNWL in order to lower nurse’s intention to quit the Premier Hospital Surabaya.Methods: Design used in the structure was explanatory research. The independent variables was Internal factors (Individual factors, social and environment conceptual factors, operational factors, administrative factors) where as the dependent variable from this study was intention to quit, and moderator variables QNWL random sampling technique. Total sample was 160 nurses, taken according to inclusion criteria. The research was conducted in Premier Hospital Surabaya from October 2012 - July 2013. Data were collected by using structured questionnaire. Data were then analyzed by using multiple linear regression test with level of significance of ≤ 0.05. Result: The results showed, QNWL was influenced by relationships inter-professional part of variabel social and environment conceptual factors, supervision monitoring part of variabel operational factors, career development part of variabel administrative factors. Intention to quit influenced by relationships between nurses, inter-departmental and inter-professional part of variabel social and environment conceptual factors and salaries and benefits part of variabel administrative factors with significant value p = 0.005.Discussion: It can be concluded good inter-professional relation, supervision monitoring, and good career development affected QNWL. Good relationships between nurses, inter-departmental and inter- professional led to lower intention to quit. Low salary and benefits led nurse’s intention to quit getting stronger.
Nursing Care Model Based on Knowledge Management in Preventing Nosocomial Infection After Caesarean Section in Hospital
Authors: Ahsan Ahsan
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Nosocomial infection is one indicator of the quality of health services in the community, which also determines the image of health care institutions becauseit was a major cause of morbidityand death rate (mortality) in hospital. Nursing care based on knowledge management is established from identification knowledge which is required, prevention performance of nosocomial infections post section caesarea. Nosocomial infections component consists of wound culture result.Method: This study was an observational study with a quasi experimental design. The population was all of nursing staff who working in obstetrics installation in hospitals A and B as much as 46 people. Sample was the total population. Data was collected through questionnaire, observation sheets and examination of the wound culture. Data was analyzed using t test B 1.274 dan p=0.028Result: The result showed that 1) there was difference in knowledge management implementation before and after training; 2) there was difference in nurse’s performance in preventing nosocomial infection before and after training; 3) there is significant relationship between nurse’s performance in preventing nosocomial infection and infection incidence; 4) there is no significant difference of nursing care impementation on nosocomial incidence.Discussion: In conclusion, the development of nursing care based on knowledge management as a synthesis or induction of findings directed at 1) nurses’ knowledge does not affect the performance of the prevention of nosocomial infections; 2) knowledge management has a positive effect on the performance of the prevention of nosocomial infections; 3) implementation of infection prevention is integrated capabilities between knowledge, skills and attitudes of nurses in implementing performance in care.
Hepatoprotective Potential of Propolis toward Hepar Injury Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride
Authors: Krisnansari Diah , Sulistyo Hidayat , Kusdaryantoi Wahyu Dwi
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The prevalence of chronic liver disease continues to increase. One potentially hepatotoxic substances that cause chronic liver disease is carbon tetrachloride. The process of liver damage can be prevented by the antioxidant role of propolis. The aims of this research was to study the hepatoprotective potential of propolis toward hepar injury rats induced by carbon tetrachlorida.Method: This was an experimental study with pre-post test. Twenty five male Wistar rats aged 12–16 week old, weighing 125–200 gr were allocated into 5 groups. Group I: standard meal + aquadest-gavage; group II: standard meal + CCl4 1% 1 mL + aquadest-gavage, group III: standard meal + CCl4 1% 1 mL + 0,054 gr propolis-gavage, group IV: standard meal + CCl4 1% 1 mL + 0,108 gr propolis-gavage and group V: standard meal + CCl4 1% 1 mL + sylimarin 50 mg/kg-gavage. IL-6, SOD, NAS score+fibrotic were measured after treatment. Analysed of IL-6 and NAS score+fibrotic with Kruskal Wallis to Mann Whitney and analysed of SOD with One-Way ANOVA to LSD.Results: The study showed that there were significant differences in IL-6, SOD and NAS score + fibrotic between groups.Discussion: Provision of 0,054 gr and 0,108 gr have hepatoprotective potential toward hepar injury rats induced by carbon tetrachlorida. Further research need to identify antioxidants and hepatoprotective potential of propolis on human with liver disease.
Sustainability Factor Related with the Implementation of Community Mental Health Nursing (CMHN) in South and West Jakarta
Authors: Winahayu Esti , Keliat Budi Anna , Wardani Ice Yulia
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the sustainability factor related with the implementation of CMHN in South and West Jakarta. The method of the study was cross sectional, data of the nurses was collected by questionnaire of CMHN and pearson correlation was used to analyzed the data. Interviews conducted on stakeholder to get stakeholder perceptions about the sustainability factor of CMHN. The ability of nurse in the implementation of CMHN is 45,86%. The nurse perception toward sustainability factor of CMHN is 67,49%. The result of study shows the significant relationship between the sustainability factor with the implementation of CMHN. The result of analysis interviews with stakeholder about 8 sustainability factors is obtained into several themes: the positive opinion of stakeholder toward the CMHN (the existence of nursing care to the patients, detecting of new case, and reducing stigma) and the effort for the sustainability of CMHN (increasing the perception, budget planning, and socialization). The result of the study is recomended to improve the community mental health nursing service in other region.
Development of Intention to Stay Model for Temporary Nursing Staff in RS UNAIR
Authors: Rahmawati Ike Nesdia , Nursalam Nursalam , Kurniawati Ninuk Dian
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Intention to stay of nurses is important to reduce turnover rate and to improve the stability of hospital. Quality of nursing work life (QNWL) has been found to influence intention to stay. However, reliable information of this effect is limited. The purpose of this study was to develop the model of intention to stay for temporary nursing staff in RS UNAIR.Method: Anexplanative cross-sectional survey design was used in this study. Data were collected by using questionnaire among 32 nurses working at different units in this hospital through simple random sampling and analyzed by partial least square (PLS). Result: QNWL affected job satisfaction but did not affect commitment. Commitment was significantly affected by job satisfaction. There was effect of job satisfaction on intention to stay. Commitment also significantly affected intention to stayDiscussion: QNWL is a predictor of intention to stay trough job satisfaction and commitment. It is recommended that more focused interventions on QNWL, job satisfaction, and commitment developments may improve intention to stay. Recruitment of non-nursing staff to carry out billing and administrative tasks is urgently needed. Suggestions for further research is to analyze the effect of empowerment, remuneration, and career ladder on nurses’ intention to stay.
Analysis of Nurse's Clinical Education Performance based on Work Theory and The Indicator of Competence
Authors: Mahanani Srinalesti , Dewi Yulis Setiya , Soeratri Widji
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Clinical Learning is a process of transformation of the student to become a professional nurse. Clinical Nurse Educator contributes to improve the quality of clinical learning because of variety of roles ranging from planning, implementing and evaluating learning clinical practice. Improving the quality of clinical practice learning, can be reached by improving the performance of Clinical Nurse Educator. The aim of this study was to know the effect of psychological variables and organizational variables to the competence and performance of Clinical Nurse Educators. Sample was Clinical Nurse Educators who work inpatient wards at Kediri Baptist Hospital inpatient wards.Method: This study was conducted in two stages. Phase I measure the competence and performance of Clinical Nurse Educator by Supervisor and students, as well as psychological variables and organizational variables by using questionnaires. Phase II was done by Focused Group Discussion to discuss about the variables that affect Clinical Nurse Educator performance. Data processed using Partial Least Square with α = 0.05, path coefficient = 0.5 and t table = 1.96.Result: The results of this research is showed that Performance Nurse Educator can be improved by increasing Individual Competence with path coefficient= 0.600 and t = 6.741. The individual competence will be increase by improving pscychological aspect nurse educator such as perception, personal aspect, motivation, learning skill and attitude with path coefficient = 0.518 and t = 2.715. Psycological Aspect can be increasing by improving Organization Variable such as Organization Resource, Salary, Organization Structure and Job Description with path coefficient = 0.825 and t = 19.658.Discussion: The conclusion of this result that increase of nurse educator competence and performance can be effort by improving psycological aspect and organizational variable
Tau-targeting therapy in Alzheimer’s disease: critical advances and future opportunities
Authors: Guo Yi , Li Song , Zeng Ling-Hui , Tan Jun
Published: July 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by two pathological hallmark lesions: extracellular plaques composed of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles made up of highly phosphorylated tau protein. Over the past two decades, most disease-modifying therapies against AD have been developed mainly on the basis of the amyloid cascade hypothesis with a focus on Aβ. However, these agents yielded only limited benefits against disease progression, which prompts us to revitalize the long-neglected tau hypothesis. Tau protein is a microtubule-associated protein, which can stabilize microtubules, regulate microtubule assembly, and affect the morphology and growth of neuronal axons. Much more importantly, the degree of tau pathology is more closely related to cognitive decline in AD patients than that of Aβ pathology. Therefore, tau-targeting therapy seems to be a promising approach to combat AD. This review describes the research progress of tau-targeting therapy in AD, with an emphasis on immunotherapy. The current challenges and future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
On the Additive and Subtractive Representation of Even Numbers from Primes
Authors: Shehu Ali , Uka Jetmira
Published: July 2022

We demonstrate a new quantitative method to the sieve of Eratosthenes, which is an alternative to the sieve of Legendre. In this method, every element of a given set is sifted out once only, and therefore, this method is free of the Mobius function and of the parity barrier. Using this method, we prove that every sufficiently large even number is the sum of two primes, and that every even number is the difference of two primes in infinitely many ways.
Self-Enhancement and the Medial Prefrontal Cortex: the Convergence of Clinical and Experimental Findings
Authors: Yasin Saeed , Fierst Anjel , Keenan Harper , Knapp Amelia , Gallione Katrina , Westlund Tessa , Kirschner Sydney , Vaidya Sahana , Qiu Christina , Rougebec Audrey , Morss Elodie , Lebiedzinski Jack , Dejean Maya , Keenan Julian Paul
Published: July 2022

Self-enhancement (SE) is often overlooked as a fundamental cognitive ability mediated via the Pre-Frontal Cortex (PFC). Here we present research that establishes the relationship between the PFC, SE, and the potential evolved beneficial mechanisms. Specifically, we believe there is now enough evidence to speculate that SE exists to provide significant benefits and should be considered a normal aspect of the self. Whatever the metabolic or social cost, the upside of SE is great enough that it is a core and fundamental psychological construct. Furthermore, though entirely theoretical, we suggest that a critical reason the PFC has evolved so significantly in Homo sapien is to, in part, sustain SE. We therefore elaborate as to its proximate and ultimate mechanisms.
Cholecystokinin Metabolic Profile in Post-bariatric Patients
Authors: dos Santos Rafaelly , de Miranda Adad Ana Claudia , de Jesus Bispo Tayane , Vargas Haendchen Giovanna , de Moura Gervazoni Manoela , da Cunha Monteiro Ribeiro Jonatas Paulino , Tonin de Almeida Valentina , Cecchetti Rezler Ana Carolina , Vieira Pontalti Gabriela , Lorenzi Foppa Gabriela , Feltrin Fonseca Júlia , Costabeber Thomazi Maria Renata , Silva Macedo de Sousa Wanderson
Published: July 2022

To describe the metabolic effect of cholecystokinin and its relationship with post-bariatric sugery patients. Methodology: This is a qualitative analysis in the form of integrative literature review, the theme chosen clearly and explicitly: "What is the metabolic profile of cholecystokinin and its effect on post-bariatric sugery patients?". After formulating the guiding question, the following keywords in Portuguese, English and Spanish were chosen: "bariatric surgery", "bariatric surgery", "cirugía bariátrica"; "cholecystokinin", "cholecystokinin", "cholecystokinin"; "fome", "hunger", "hambre"; "satiety response", "satiety response", "respuesta de saciedad", "Roux-en-Y anastomosis", "anastomosis Roux-en-Y", and "anastomosis en-Y de Roux", through the combination of the controlled descriptors, Medical Subjetc Heading (MeSH) and the Health Science Descriptors (DeCS) resources, as well as the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR". In the databases Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Virtual Health Library (VHL), PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Google Scholar, a search for clinical trials conducted in humans from 2012 to 2022 was performed. Results: 2,038 articles were identified. The final sample of this review consisted of eleven scientific articles; of these, four were found in the VHL database, two in PubMed, and five in Google Scholar. Thus, concepts about the digestion process and the hormones involved, bariatric surgery techniques and their hormonal effects, were observed in each of the selected articles. Conclusions: Cholecystokinin, a gastrointestinal hormone, is one of the major endocrine satiety signals. It is observed that with gastroplasty, the levels of the hormone CCK are elevated; thus, besides increasing satiety, cholecystokinin aids in weight loss. Therefore, bariatric surgery is highly effective in improving the patient's quality of life
What Is “Really” Taught in Financial Literacy Curriculum?
Authors: Bai Jiarui
Published: July 2022

This article mainly proposes the point of view that financial literacy curriculum aims to make kinds of people, to make people with financial creativity of resource integration thinking and continuous ‘to conscience’ of morality, which is cultivate a way of thinking that can maximize benefits through the use of resource integration and constantly ‘to conscience’ to achieve goals for participants in financial structures with balanced interests. In this sense, this article argues that financial literacy is to make kinds of people with a financial mindset and constantly strengthen ‘to conscience’ through uniting of knowledge and action to achieve human well-being and benign operation of society. In this sense, this article attempts to determine what is really taught in financial literacy education in terms of curriculum theory. That is to improve creativity by cultivating financial thinking with constant ‘to conscience’. The views of this paper provide a new way of thinking about financial literacy education assessment. This changes the evaluation criteria of financial literacy education from the result-oriented of wealth growth to the process-oriented of financial creativity growth, trying to move the criticism of financial literacy education curriculum and evaluation from controversy to unity.
Geologic Soil Parent Material Influence on Forest Surface Soil Chemical Characteristics in the Inland Northwest, USA
Authors: Moore James A. , Kimsey Mark J. , Johnston Mariann , Shaw Terry M. , Mika Peter , Poolakkal And Jaslam
Published: July 2022

Successful fertilization treatments targeted to improve stand productivity while reducing operational complexities and cost depend on a clear understanding of soil nutrient availability under varying environmental conditions. Soil nutrient data collected from 154 forest sites throughout the Inland Northwest, USA were analyzed to examine soil nutrient characteristics on different geologic soil parent materials and to rank soil fertility. Results show that soil parent material explains significant differences in soil nutrient availability. Soils developed from volcanic rocks have the highest CEC and are relatively high in P, K, S, Mg, Cu, Ca, and B, but generally poor in N. Forest soils developed from plutonic rocks exhibit the lowest CEC and are low in N, S, K, Mg, Cu, and Ca, but higher in P. Some soils located on mixed glacial till are low only in K, Cu, Mg, and Ca, but many glacial soils are relatively rich in other nutrients, albeit the second lowest CEC. Soils developed from metasedimentary and sedimentary rocks are among those with lowest soil nutrient availability for P and B. Sulfur was found to have the highest concentrations in metasedimentary influenced soils and the least in sedimentary derived soils. Our results should be useful in designing site-specific fertilizer and nutrient management prescriptions for forest stands growing on soils developed from these major geologies within the Inland Northwest region of the United States.
INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPROVED ‘‘INSERT CUTTER – CONE’’ CONNECTION BY INTRODUCING AN ADDITIONAL ELEMENT FOR ROLLER CONE BITS
Authors: Slipchuk Andrii , Yashkym Roman , Kuk Andrii
Published: July 2022

A new design of the rock-destroying insert has been developed, which has made it possible to increase the reliability of the connection between the tungsten carbide inset cutter and the body of the cone. This allows providing favorable conditions for the rational distribution of contact stresses in the conjugate surfaces "tungsten carbide inset cutter – bush – a body of the cone". The task was solved by improving the well-founded selected prototype, which is the design of the rock-destroying insert of the drill bit. The construction includes a carbide inset cutter, which is made with a two-stage shank with equal steps in height. The developed design of the rock-destructive insert creates opportunities to increase the strength of the connection "inset cutter – the body of the cone". This is realized because a reliable fit of the conjugate contact surfaces is obtained and prevents the tungsten carbide inset cutter from falling out of the bush. Resistance increases to the brittle fracture of the carbide inset cutter in a dangerous section. The proposed joint allows to improve the tightness of the conjugate surfaces of the "shank of the inset cutter – bush" in the technological operations of assembling the rock-destructive insert. The obtained results of stress state modeling indicate that, as expected, with the same forces acting on the inset cutter from 50 kN to 68 kN, the most intense place on the cone will be the "flange" near the inset cutter. The stress will be up to 1070MPa in this place for cones with serial rock-destroying equipment. Therefore, the developed construction of the destructive insert provides new opportunities not only to increase the strength of the connection with the body of the cone. Conditions secure the cracking of tungsten carbide insert cutter with surge stresses in the press connection when we have an overload during the destruction of high-strength rocks. At that time, this stress will be up to 912MPa, which is 17% less for cones with developed rock-destroying equipment. It is established that the structural parameters of the rock-destroying insert allow to qualitatively changing the rigidity of the carbide insert cutter. This effect is due because the balance created in the conjugations and the intermediate sleeve is applied. Therefore, the developed construction of the destructive insert provides new opportunities not only to increase the strength of the connection with the body of the cone. There are also opportunities for the use of hard alloys with higher strength and prevent the formation of cracks in the body of the cone during the pressing of the inserts and in the process of rock’s destruction. The developed design of the rock-destroying insert not only makes it possible to organize selective assembly but also successfully eliminates the allowed defect during the formation of holes.
REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM OF STEPPER MOTOR BASED ON THE ESP32 DEVELOPER BOARD
Authors: Xuan Cheng , Verbytskyi Ievgen
Published: July 2022

The stepper motor is a unit of a control system to achieve the goal of convenient use and precise control, which greatly facilitates our life and improves the level of the modern high-tech industry. In particular, multiple stepper motors may be joined in a system and work together with a remote-control program, which greatly improves the flexibility and applicability of the equipment. In real life, multiple stepper motors are used together more often. For example, a 3D printer, using three stepping motors at the same time, the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis, can determine the left side of the space and accurately print the 3D three-dimensional object we need. By adding a remote-control system, we can control the movement of the motor in real time and can replace humans to complete complex and high-precision work. For example, endoscopes are often used in medicine, when the endoscope needs to make micro adjustments in position, we can use remote control to make real-time adjustments. The project of using ESP32 to control multiple stepper motors and uses python language to write programs based on microPython firmware to realize remote control of multiple stepper motors is introduced. The speed and direction of the stepper motor can be adjusted and controlled by pulse signals. The clock system of ESP32 can generate pulse signal PWM, ESP32 comes with a WiFi module, which can support remote control. The speed of the stepper motor can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM by the program. Combined with ESP32 products, the performance of this designed product can be stable and reliable. The clock system of ESP32 has multiple timers and with their use with the interrupt system, multiple stepper motors can be efficiently controlled simultaneously. And the WiFi module of ESP32 can realize remote control easily and conveniently. According to the principle of the stepping motor, the half-step control, and full-step control are realized. Additionally, a micro step mode with PWM signal with cosine function is designed to control the stepper motor. A user-friendly web application has been developed to control the system of four motors, allowing you to remotely control a four-engine system in a simple and convenient way
CREATION OF A MOBILE INSTALLATION FOR SORTING GRAIN IMPURITIES
Authors: Tchursinov Yuriy , Kudriavtsev Ihor , Lutsenko Maryna
Published: July 2022

The problem of the imperfection of the process of cleaning grain masses in time for refinement to basic quality indicators is considered. It is shown that grain waste contains a significant amount of grain and oilseed admixture. The state of waste generation at the enterprises of the elevator, grain processing and oil and fat industries is described. An analysis was made of the prospects for their processing as raw materials for the production of food products – cereals, vegetable oils and others. It is emphasized that in the conditions of the declared state of war in Ukraine, the allocation of "valuable fractions" from grain waste is financially relevant. A mobile plant for sorting grain waste has been developed and its production tests have been carried out. The rational productivity of such a machine is noted - no more than 48 tons per day (for grain waste). This will ensure the processing of sunflower waste up to 1000 tons of sunflower seeds per day, and the processing of grain crop waste – up to 800 tons of grain per day. It is shown that the developed sorting machine is advisable to use in small farms, where the volume of grain waste is 140-150 kg per hour, and sunflower waste and husks – 100-120 kg per hour. In the conditions of the Limited Liability Company Scientific and Production Enterprise "Sorting Machines" in the city of Dnipro, a study was made of the process of sorting grain waste on a developed mobile unit. The test results confirmed the productivity of the sorting machine. The design of the main unit of a mobile unit for sorting grain masses – a channel for sorting – is described. Improvements in the design of the sorting machine have been proposed and a package of computer programs has been developed for sorting sunflower, wheat, soybean, amaranth, hemp, and rapeseed waste. In the course of research, the necessity of using an anti-adhesive coating and a special form of a vibrating feeder of the developed machine was proved. This allows you to reduce the cleaning time of the feeder, eliminate the compaction of raw materials and eliminate areas of accumulation of grain material. In the program of the sorting unit, a separation channel cleaning module has been developed, which has two modes - the frequency and duration of the channel purge. The description and technical characteristics of the developed mobile machine for sorting grain waste are given.
COMBINED TECHNIQUE SOIL SOUNDING IN THE FRAMEWORK OF MONITORING THE CONDITION OF THE GROUNDING SYSTEM
Authors: Koliushko Denys , Rudenko Serhii
Published: July 2022

The result of vertical electrical sounding is the determined geoelectrical structure of the soil. The soil probing procedure is regulated in a number of national and international standards for testing grounding systems. The use of a traditional four-electrode symmetrical Wenner array configuration allows conducting research to a depth of up to 1/3 of the distance between current electrodes, which is not enough for the correct calculation of the parameters of the grounding system. An alternative can be the use of a Schlumberger array configuration. It is shown that the features of this array configuration, when used as part of the testing of grounding systems, become disadvantages: it is sensitive to local inclusions and vertical heterogeneity, necessary the complex formulas for interpretation, the absence of a direct relationship between the separation of electrodes and the probing depth, and therefore the impossibility of building universal palettes of interpretation. Therefore, there was a need to create a technique of probing the soil within the framework of monitoring the state of the grounding system with a greater depth. The work justified the need for such development. Based on the analysis, the requirements for the soil probing procedure were formed, which should correspond to the methodology of electromagnetic diagnostics of grounding systems. It is shown that one of the main requirements is the presentation of sounding results in the form of a multilayer geoelectrical structure with plane-parallel horizontal separation boundaries. A combined method of performing soil sounding is proposed, which is based on the step-by-step use of Wenner and Schlumberger array configurations, which made it possible to combine the advantages and reduce the effects of the disadvantages of these installations within the framework of monitoring the state of the grounding. The proposed combined technique of soil sounding allows to increase the depth of probing from 1/3 of the distance of the current electrodes to 1/2 without the involvement of additional measuring devices, interpretation software and electrical personnel. At the same time, the duration of procedure for an operating substation will be 30-90 minutes, which will not increase the total duration of electromagnetic diagnostics of grounding system.