bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROTOTIPE KENDALI MODEL ATAP BERSIRIP OTOMATIS TERMONITORING UNTUK TEMPAT PENGERINGAN BERBASIS SMS GATEWAY DENGAN MODUL GSM(GPRS) SIM800L
Authors: Setiawan Andrew , Supriono Supriono
Published: April 2021

Permasalahan utama dari proses penjemuran hasil panen pertanian dan proses permindahan hasil panen dari penjemuran ke tempat penyimpanan adalah kondisi cuaca. Kemajuan teknologi nirkabel (wireless) sangat mendukung sebagai sarana monitoring pada proses penjemuran hasil panen pertanian, salah satunya adalah teknologi GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) yang murah dengan jangkauan luas serta media komunikasi dan sarana informasi yang real-time. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang suatu sistem kendali model atap bersirip otomatis termonitor melalui handphone yang bisa  mengendalikan buka atau tutup atap secara manual, dapat juga bekerja secara otomatis terus-menerus dengan membaca parameter-parameter kondisi lingkungan seperti cuaca hujan atau tidak, cuaca cerah tersinari matahari maupun suhu ruang yang disesuaikan >29o. Sistem dirancang menggunakan sensor hujan ( Weather Sensitivity Module ), sensor suhu DHT11, dan sensor cahaya LDR (Light Dependant Resistor) serta motor servo sebagai aktuator dengan menggunakan Arduino sebagai unit pengendali sistem. Sistem dirancang dengan kemampuan untuk menyesuaikan arah sinar matahari (tracking) dengan posisi sirip atap antara 110o,130o,145o dan 175o guna memaksimalkan panas sinar matahari pada proses penjemuran  yang dilengkapi dengan modul GSM SIM800L untuk proses monitoring dan kontrol jarak jauh. Keberhasilan penelitian ini sangat bermanfaat di bidang pertanian khususnya penerapan teknologi hasil pertanian.
DESAIN DAN SIMULASI KONTROL KECEPATAN MOTOR QUADCOPTER
Authors: Mulyadi Adi , Wijono Wijono , Siswojo Bambang
Published: April 2021

Pergerakan quadcopter dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan empat baling-baling yang digerakkan oleh motor BLDC. Perputaran baling-baling tersebut akan menghasilkan gaya dorong yang arahnya vertical. Pada pengoperasiannya, dua motor dikendalikan searah jarum jam, dan dua motor lainnya berlawanan jarum jam. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada pembangkitan gaya angkat quadcopter adalah bahwa kecepatan empat motor harus sama, sehingga gerakan quadcopter dapat mencapai ketinggian yang diinginkan. Makalah ini mendiskusikan mengenai desain sistem kontrol kecepatan motor untuk mendapatkan kestabilan dari gerakan altitude vertical take-off quadcopter. Sistem kontrol melibatkan beban motor dan kecepatan gaya angkat. Perhitungan vertical take-off dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Euler-Newton. Metoda Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) diusulkan untuk mendapatkan kestabilan gerakan. Selain itu, simulasi menggunakan MATLAB Simulink digunakan untuk memvalidasi hasil perancangan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa dengan kontrol PID pada ketinggian 10 m sampai 90 m didapatkan respon waktu naik lebih cepat 0.01 detik, overshoot 0%, dan waktu steady state 0.06 detik. Sedangkan pengaturan PI pada ketinggian 10 m sampai 90 m menghasilkan respon waktu naik lebih lama 0.013 detik, overshoot 0% dan waktu steady state 0.1 detik.
RANCANG BANGUN INTERNET OF THINGS SERVER DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ACTIVEMQ ARTEMIS UNTUK MITIGASI BENCANA DI RASPBERRY PI 3
Authors: Mufreni Sadr Lufti , Silmina Esi Putri
Published: April 2021

Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang mempunyai lebih dari 13.000 pulau. Wilayahnya terletak di antara Samudera Hindia dan Samudera Pasifik dan dilewati oleh Pacific Ring of Fire sehingga banyak gunung berapi aktif. Berdasarkan letak geografis mempunyai potensi tsunami dan gempa bumi cukup tinggi. Diperlukan rencana penanggulangan bencana yang baik untuk menekan risiko yang bisa terjadi, salah satunya dengan mitigasi bencana. Mitigasi bencana adalah serangkaian upaya untuk mengurangi risiko bencana, baik melalui pembangunan fisik maupun penyadaran dan peningkatan kemampuan menghadapi ancaman bencana. Mitigasi bencana diperlukan untuk mengurangi dampak yang ditimbulkan terutama korban jiwa. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan sistem peringatan dini. Sistem peringatan dini terdiri dari 3 komponen utama yaitu sensor untuk mendapatkan nilai dari suatu lingkungan, controller untuk mengolah nilai yang diterima, dan aksi yang dilakukan berdasarkan hasil dari pengolahan. Untuk membuat sistem yang efektif diperlukan komunikasi yang memadai. Messaging queue digunakan oleh industri untuk komunikasi antar perangkat lunak, perangkat keras, dan embedded system. Penelitian berfokus pada penggunaan ActiveMQ Artemis sebagai messaging queue sebagai server untuk komunikasi dengan internet of things (IoT). Keunggulan ActiveMQ Artemis dapat dijalankan di Raspberry Pi 3 dengan sedikit modifikasi. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa ActiveMQ Artemis dapat digunakan untuk komunikasi IoT pada simulasi sistem mitigasi bencana.
Effects of Loofah cylindrica extract on learning and memory ability, brain tissue morphology, and immune function of aging mice
Authors: Dong Limin , Liu Chunjie
Published: April 2021

In this study, we aimed to observe the effects of Loofah cylindrica (LC) extract on learning and memory ability, brain tissue morphology, and immune function of aging mice. Kunming mice were selected and randomly divided into a control group, a positive control group, an aging group, and three dose groups. Three dose groups were administered 187.5, 375, and 750 mg/kg of LC extract, respectively. Except for the control group, the mice in any other group were continuously subcutaneously injected d-galactose on the back and neck. Platform tests and Morris water maze (MWM) were adopted to test the learning and memory ability of each group. The brain index, thymus index, and spleen index of each group were determined by the organ-to-body ratio method. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure the concentration of cytokines interleukin 2 and interferon gamma and the proliferation activity of T lymphocytes in mouse serum. In addition, the hematoxylin and eosin staining was employed to observe the morphological changes in mouse brain tissues of each group. The results show that the aging group made more errors in the platform test, had longer escape latency, shorter swimming time in the platform quadrant, and fewer platform crossings in the MWM; much fewer brain tissue cells; and smaller brain index, thymus index, and spleen index. The LC extracts (375 and 750 mg/kg) can significantly antagonize the changes in the above indices. It can be concluded that LC extract can improve the learning and memory of aging mice, enhance their immune activity, and delay the aging process.
„The Gospel Singing (Good People)“
Authors: Sinapius Peter
Published: April 2021

Unter den Stichworten Gesundheit, Kunst und Spiritualität skizziert der Artikel eine Entwicklung in den modernen Gesellschaften, die in den letzten Jahrzehnten eine Kultur der individuellen Gesundheitspflege und Selbstoptimierung hervorgebracht hat, die begleitet wurde von einer Spiritualisierung, Sakralisierung und Ideologisierung therapeutischer Praktiken. Sie verstand sich als Gegenbewegung zur naturwissenschaftlich orientierten Medizin und fand ihre Verwirklichung in holistischen Entwürfen von Gesundheit und alternativen Formen therapeutischer Praxis. Die Kreativität wurde dabei zum Leitmotiv und dem schöpferischen Menschen die Aufgabe zugewiesen, seine Persönlichkeit zu entfalten und ein unverwechselbares Individuum zu werden. Ästhetische Praktiken wurden als ein Übersteigen der sinnlichen Wirklichkeit konzeptualisiert und als Grundbedingung von Erkenntnis und Selbstverwirklichung in der Therapie geltend gemacht.

Der Beitrag kommentiert diese Entwicklung kritisch und entwirft dagegen ein Therapieverständnis, das die Therapie als einen Ort auffasst, an dem unterschiedliche Lebenskonzepte oder -entwürfe thematisch werden können. Künstlerische Praktiken sind dabei eine Möglichkeit unter anderen, durch die das geschehen kann. Sinn verwirklicht sich dann in der Art und Weise, wie die Beteiligten sich selber und andere sehen, wie sie sich zu anderen und zu anderem in eine Beziehung bringen und in dem Umfang, wie sie einen (kritischen) Blick auf ihre und andere Einstellungen und Vorstellungen gewinnen.
ATTRIBUTES of TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY and IN-VITRO SIMULATED BIOACCESSIBILITY of ASTRINGENT, NON-ASTRINGENT and WILD (ROOTSTOCK) PERSIMMONS
Authors: AYDIN Emine
Published: April 2021

Persimmon which is widely known as “Trabzon Hurması” and “Cennet Meyvesi” is a very popular fruit with bright orange color. In the presented study, extractable, non-extractable, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (AC) and bioaccessibility of Trabzon persimmons (astringent, non-astringent and wild persimmon) were determined. The results of this study indicated that all types of persimmons have great importance both on TPC, AC and bioaccessibility. Compared to astringent and non-astringent types, the wild persimmon type had the highest TPC. Another attractive result from this study, although the wild persimmons do not prefer for consumption, the results demonstrated that the bioaccessible phenolics of this type of persimmons were found to be 6.7 fold higher than the non-astringent types and 4.7 fold higher than the astringent types. Especially the wild type of persimmon is a good source of natural antioxidant and further studies should be carried out for wild type persimmon.
Effects of Imprinting and Water Activity on Transesterification and Thermostability with Lipases in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Matsumoto M. , Nakao K. , Tahara Y.
Published: April 2021

The effect of bio-imprinting and water activity on catalytic activities and the thermostability of lipases was investigated for transesterification using vinyl acetate and benzyl alcohol as substrates in ionic liquid, [Cnmim][PF6] (n=4,6,8), and benzene. The catalytic activities were enhanced by imprinting in benzene and [C4mim][PF6], and the relations between the transesterification activities and the water activity in both solvents were approximately bell shaped. The reactivity of the transesterification in benzene was higher than that in [C4

mim][PF6]. The effects of water activity and imprinting on the kinetic parameters in [C4mim][PF6] were examined. Without controlling the water content, the values of Km,VA and Km,BA (Michaelis constants of vinyl acetate and benzyl alcohol, respectively) decreased, and the values of Vm (maximum rate) increased by imprinting. On the other hand, by controlling the water content in the organic media, the values of Vm, Km,VA, and Km,BA increased by imprinting. The activities of lipase in ionic liquid are more strongly affected by water activity and imprinting than those in benzene. We observed effects of water activity on thermostability but none from imprinting.
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Rhodamine 6G Dye Using Magnetic TiO2@Fe3O4/FeZSM-5
Authors: Dükkancı Meral
Published: April 2021

Efficient decolorization of Rhodamine 6G dye (Rh 6G) using magnetic TiO2@Fe3O4/FeZSM-5 photocatalyst was carried out in a batch reactor equipped with two visible lights (high-pressure Na lamps). The photocatalyst was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The effects of initial Rh 6G concentration, catalyst loading, and pH were investigated on photocatalytic oxidation of Rh 6G. Maximum decolorization of 98.2 % was found at optimum conditions of 20 ppm Rh 6G, 1 g L–1 of catalyst, and pH of 13.04. Central composite design was used for the optimization of photocatalytic degradation of Rh 6G. Predicted decolorization efficiencies were found to be in good agreement with experimental values with high regression coefficient of 98.8 %. In addition to color removal, the toxicity of the Rh 6G aqueous solution was significantly reduced after photocatalytic oxidation. Small reduction of activity (from 34.6 % to 30.5 %) showed the stability of the catalyst after three consecutive runs. Due to the magnetic property of the catalyst, it could be removed from the solution with the help of external magnetic field. This prevents the loss of catalyst and reduces the extra separation cost, which is desired in industrial or large-scale applications.
Metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma presenting as ectopic Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Forde Hannah E , Mehigan-Farrelly Niamh , Ryan Katie , Moran Tom , Greally Megan , Duffy Austin G , Byrne Maria M
Published: April 2021

A 41-year-old male presented to the Emergency Department with a 6-month history of back and hip pain. Skeletal survey revealed bilateral pubic rami fractures and MRI of the spine demonstrated multiple thoracic and lumbar fractures. Secondary work up for osteoporosis was undertaken. There was no evidence of hyperparathyroidism and the patient was vitamin D replete. Testosterone (T) was low at 1.7 nmol/L (8.6–29.0) and gonadotrophins were undetectable. The patient failed a 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) with a morning cortisol of 570 nmol/L (<50) and subsequently a low dose DST with a cortisol post 48 h of dexamethasone of 773 nmol/L (<50) and an elevated ACTH 98 ng/L. A corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) test suggested ectopic ACTH secretion. The patient was commenced on teriparatide for osteoporosis and metyrapone to control the hypercortisolaemia. A positron emission tomography (PET) scan to look for the source of ACTH secretion demonstrated right neck adenopathy. Biopsy and subsequent lymph node dissection were performed and histology revealed a metastatic neuroendocrine tumour. Immunostaining was positive for calcitonin and thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1). Serum calcitonin was also significantly elevated at 45 264 ng/L (<10). The patient proceeded to a total thyroidectomy and left neck dissection. Histology confirmed a 7 mm medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Post-operatively, the patient commenced vandetanib therapy and achieved a clinical and biochemical response. After approximately 18 months of vandetanib therapy, the patient developed recurrent disease in his neck. He is currently on LOXO-292 and is doing well 36 months post-diagnosis.

Learning points

Unexplained osteoporosis requires thorough investigation and the workup for secondary causes is not complete without excluding glucocorticoid excess.

MTC should be considered when searching for sources of ectopic ACTH secretion.

Resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors is well described with MTC and clinicians should have a low threshold for screening for recurrent disease.
Impacto clínico del estroncio y del zinc en los procesos de regeneración ósea y del cartílago, aproximación desde la biología hacia la clínica. Revisión de literatura
Authors: Urbano del Valle Samuel , Castaño Granada María Catalina
Published: April 2021

Muchos trastornos sistémicos como la artritis o la osteoporosis son patologías responsables de las alteraciones crónicas de la articulación temporomandibular, creando así un problema a largo plazo que afectan la calidad de vida de aquellas personas que las padecen. Actualmente no existe tratamiento curativo para dichas patologías, aunque sí de tipo paliativo, que en muchas ocasiones tienen efectos secundarios en el tiempo o una limitación en su efectividad y eficacia, por lo que se hace necesario buscar alternativas con la implementación de terapias regenerativas para el tratamiento de aquellas enfermedades que afectan el sistema musculoesquelético. En muchos estudios se discute sobre el papel fundamental que cumple el zinc y el estroncio en la génesis de tejido tanto cartilaginoso como óseo, así como la relevancia de incorporarlos con diversos biomateriales en procedimientos de regeneración, sin embargo, este tema no es claro aún y requieren más atención por parte del clínico. El objetivo de este artículo es determinar la función cumplen el zinc y el estroncio en los procesos de regeneración del hueso y el cartílago desde una visión molecular y celular aplicada a la práctica clínica, con el fin de obtener nuevas alternativas en el tratamiento de diversas patologías y alteraciones musculoesqueléticas que mejoren las condiciones de salud oral de los pacientes, además de, contar con la revisión que nos aproxime a comprender los mecanismos de acción de diferentes moléculas que incorporadas a los biomateriales compatibles con el tejido duro y blando mejoren las condiciones biológicas para la regeneración.
Evaluación de efectos citotóxicos y genotóxicos con ensayo de micronúcleos en la mucosa bucal de pacientes con aparatología ortodóncica. Revisión de la literatura
Authors: Ángeles Estrada Lucía , De los Santos Quintanilla Amelia Rebeca , Sánchez-Monroy Virginia
Published: April 2021

Las maloclusiones representan un problema de salud bucodental, que se resuelven mediante la colocación de aparatología ortodóncica fija (AOF). Esta aparatología provoca corrosión y liberación de iones metálicos por las aleaciones que la constituyen y por el tiempo prolongado del tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las alteraciones citotóxicas y genotóxicas de las células de la mucosa oral provocadas por el uso de AOF, reportadas en la literatura y evaluadas con ensayo de micronúcleos (MN); el cual es uno de los ensayos más utilizados para identificar el daño al ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN). Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de los últimos 10 años, donde se incluyeron nueve estudios, el 55% de estos mostró evidencia de daño citotóxico y genotóxico posterior a la terapia ortodóncica. El promedio de incremento de MN debido al uso de AOF en estos estudios, fue tres veces mayor con respecto a las células bucales sin tratamiento, este dato es similar a reportes de células orales precancerosas investigadas por otros autores. Además los artículos evaluados, reportaron alteración celular a partir de la primera semana de la colocación de los dispositivos y señalaron que hay una disminución del daño con el tiempo de exposición. En conclusión, el ensayo de MN utilizado en la cavidad bucal demostró ser útil para detectar alteraciones en el ADN debido al uso de AOF. Los datos analizados permiten a los ortodoncistas implementar mejoras en la terapéutica ortodóncica.
Tratamiento de mixoma odontogénico en maxilar superior. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Moreno Villalobos David Erik , Rodríguez Flores Arturo , Vargas Rojas Diana Carolina
Published: April 2021

El mixoma odontogénico es una neoplasia benigna, localmente agresiva, con una baja prevalencia (frecuencia del 2% al 5% de los tumores odontogénicos) en los maxilares. Este tumor a menudo se presenta como una lesión expansiva asintomática sin cambios nerviosos sensoriales. El objetivo del presente trabajo es detallar el caso de un paciente masculino de 42 años quien acude al servicio de Cirugía Bucal y Maxilofacial del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue por presentar una tumoración de crecimiento lento en maxilar superior, que fue aumentando de tamaño con el tiempo y desplazando órganos dentarios, y que se extiende al paladar duro y parte de paladar blando, el diagnóstico anatomopatológico fue de mixoma odontogénico y recibió un tratamiento radical (hemimaxilectomia) por la naturaleza agresiva del tumor. En este trabajo discutimos la presentación del mixoma odontogénico en el maxilar superior, los enfoques de tratamiento; detallando la importancia de plantear alternativas de tratamiento que permitan la reconstrucción inmediata generando la menor morbilidad posible.
Efecto de dos niveles de harina de laritaco (Vernonanthura patens) sobre la respuesta productiva y morfometría intestinal en pollos de engorde
Authors: Apolo Arévalo Guido Manuel , Rodríguez Saldaña Diego
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de dos niveles (0.5 y 1%) de inclusión de harina de laritaco (Vernonanthura patens) en el comportamiento productivo y morfometría intestinal de pollos de engorde. Se utilizaron 588 pollitos machos de la línea Cobb 500, distribuidos en un diseño de bloques en tres tratamientos con siete repeticiones cada uno, considerándose como unidad experimental un grupo de 28 pollos. No hubo diferencias entre tratamientos en consumo de alimento, peso corporal y conversión alimenticia; sin embargo, se observó aumento en la longitud de los segmentos del intestino, así como vellosidades intestinales más anchas y criptas menos profundas.
Caracterización de la crianza de cuyes en tres provincias de la Región Cajamarca, Perú
Authors: Ortiz-Oblitas Pedro , Florián-Alcántara Amarante , Estela-Manrique Judith , Rivera-Jacinto Marco , Hobán-Vergara Cristian , Murga-Moreno César
Published: April 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo la caracterización de la crianza de cuyes en tres provincias de la Región Cajamarca, Perú. Se aplicó una encuesta estructurada a 1231 productores (401 de Cajamarca, 360 de San Marcos y 470 de Cajabamba). El sistema de producción predominante es el familiar-comercial (67% de productores). La raza Perú es la preferida por los productores, utilizando mayormente el sistema de crianza en pozas. La mayoría de los productores posee menos de 49 cuyes con un área de terreno entre 0.5 a 5 ha., siendo la alfalfa (Medicago sativa) el forraje más utilizado en la alimentación de los cuyes. Más del 80% de productores no reciben asistencia técnica y más del 87% no forman parte de alguna asociación de criadores. En la caracterización sanitaria, entre 1 y 5 cuyes mueren por semana y por productor, especialmente en la clase lactantes. La enfermedad más reportada es la salmonelosis, la cual es identificada por las alteraciones en hígado.
Descripción de hallazgos radiológicos en psitácidos decomisados y mantenidos en un centro de rescate en Tingo María, Huánuco – Perú
Authors: Grandez R. Ricardo , Hermoza G. Catalina , Tirmizi B. Sheilla
Published: April 2021

El tráfico ilegal de aves, especialmente de psitácidas es frecuente en Perú. Los métodos de captura y las malas condiciones de transporte y cautividad hacen que sufran traumas y lesiones físicas, que llegan a dañar estructuras óseas. Estos animales son decomisados y enviados a centros de rescate con la finalidad es rehabilitarlos para su reintroducción. En el presente estudió se evaluaron los registros radiográficos de nueve psitácidos de un centro de rescate en Tingo María, Perú (Ara chloropterus, Amazona farinosa, Ara macao y Pionus menstruus [uno por especie], dos Ara militatis y tres Ara ararauna). La mayoría de las lesiones ocurrieron en el miembro anterior (77%), sobre todo en la porción distal (44%); siendo el radio y la ulna los más afectados. Las complicaciones más comunes fueron callo óseo exuberante, mala consolidación y osteomielitis; y las secuelas clínicas fueron pérdida la capacidad de vuelo y claudicación marcada. Las lesiones halladas impiden la reintroducción de estas aves a su hábitat natural.
Valores de referencia para parámetros determinantes del estado de equilibrio acido-base en mulas sanas a gran altura
Authors: Vanegas Rincón Johanna Patricia , Vargas-Pinto Pedro , Valderrama Martínez Claudia
Published: April 2021

Se estimaron intervalos de referencia (IR) de parámetros fisiológicos relacionados con el estado de equilibrio acido-base a partir de muestras de sangre de 76 de mulas sanas a gran altura. Los animales estuvieron en reposo y sometidos a una misma dieta. Los datos obtenidos fueron comparados con los reportados por varios autores, encontrando cercanía entre los IR estimados y los de los autores citados. Se concluyó que los IR de mulas y caballos no presentan grandes diferencias.
Adaptando materiais didáticos do ensino presencial para o ensino remoto
Authors: Gugliano Bruna Ferreira , Sainz Ricardo Lemos
Published: April 2021

A crise gerada pela pandemia de COVID-19 forçou a adesão das instituições de ensino ao ensino remoto não-presencial como uma alternativa para dar continuidade ao ano letivo, o que revelou diversas barreiras, entre elas a adaptação, por parte de docentes, do material didático para esta modalidade digital. Este artigo apresenta, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa, levantamento de dados a respeito da produção de material didático para o ensino a distância, com o objetivo de identificar algumas formas com que os materiais didáticos desenvolvidos para o ensino presencial podem ser adaptados para o ensino remoto não-presencial. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa no banco de dados Google Scholar buscando artigos, capítulos de livros e recomendações combinando as palavras-chave “material didático” & “educação a distância” e “material didático” & “ensino remoto”. A partir dessa busca, foram selecionadas e analisadas as referências que tratavam especificamente das características desses materiais para, por fim, apresentar recomendações para a produção de material didático para o ensino remoto, no formato de um infográfico.
Management of Thematic Learning in Fostering Student Creativity in Early Children Education in Garut District
Authors: Aja Aja , Wasliman Iim , Hanafiah Nanang , Arifin Daeng
Published: April 2021

In fact, early childhood education management in the field is still far from fulfilling the needs according to national education standards because basically the institution organizing PAUD service activities departs from a concern for early childhood education, therefore education carried out in PAUD units in the implementation of PAUD institutions experiences various obstacles. which can affect the continuity of educational activities, especially in the implementation of learning activities that become obstacles in the management of thematic learning in early childhood education units, including the lack of infrastructure, low qualifications and competence of educators, minimal finance, parents' understanding of early childhood education, efforts to improve learning outcomes. maximum systematically in education management including program planning, program implementation and program evaluation. This study aims to examine thematic learning management in fostering student creativity. In particular, this study aims to examine the planning, implementation, evaluation, problems, and solutions of learning in the development of student creativity. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. This research was conducted using three data collection techniques regarding the results of research activities, namely interviews, observation and documentary studies. The theory underlying this research is George Robert Terry's theory, which is about POAC (Planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling). The results of research carried out on this occasion at the Prosperous Family Planning Institution and TK Plus Prima Insani Garut district have generally carried out thematic learning activities in fostering student creativity which refers to Permendikbud No. 137/2014 and Permendikbud No. 146/20014 by compiling planning, organizing, implementing and good control, in accordance with the prevailing regulations, both the management of its human resources and its facilities or infrastructure.
Efeito antibacteriano do vinagre de arroz e qualidade microbiológica de sushis comercializados na cidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil
Authors: Alves Flávia Bianca Amaral , Gomes Karolina Oliveira , Carrijo Morgana Muniz , Rodrigues Letícia Fernandes Silva , Silva Izabel Cristina Rodrigues da , Orsi Daniela Castilho
Published: April 2021

Resumo O sushi é um alimento pronto para consumo composto de arroz acidificado com vinagre e recheio de peixes crus e vegetais. O ácido acético do vinagre diminui o pH do arroz e auxilia na conservação do sushi por retardar o crescimento microbiano. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito antibacteriano do vinagre de arroz mediante determinação da sua concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e concentração bactericida mínima (CBM) e determinar a qualidade microbiológica de sushis comercializados na cidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal. Para as análises microbiológicas, dez amostras de sushi foram coletadas em restaurantes especializados em culinária oriental e dez amostras de sushi foram coletadas em locais não especializados em culinária oriental, como supermercados e padarias, totalizando 20 amostras. As análises realizadas foram contagem total de bactérias mesófilas e psicrotróficas, determinação de coliformes totais e coliformes termotolerantes, contagem de Staphylococcus aureus, pesquisa de Salmonella spp. e identificação molecular de S. aureus por PCR. O vinagre de arroz teve efeito antibacteriano tanto para as bactérias Gram-positivas (S. aureus e B. cereus) quanto para as bactérias Gram-negativas (S. enterica e E. coli) testadas neste estudo. Os valores de CBM variaram de 3 a 50 mg de ácido acético/mL e os valores de CIM variaram de 2,5 a 3,5 mg de ácido acético/ mL. A maioria das amostras de sushi avaliadas neste estudo (80%) estava em condições microbiológicas aceitáveis para o consumo, de acordo com a legislação brasileira. No entanto, quatro amostras (20%) excederam o limite aceitável para S. aureus, portanto estavam impróprias para consumo. Essas amostras impróprias para consumo eram provenientes dos restaurantes especializados em culinária oriental. A presença elevada de bactérias S. aureus nessas amostras de sushi indica condições higiênicas inapropriadas, por se tratar de uma bactéria procedente de manipulação humana inadequada.
Effect of cocoa bean origin and conching time on the physicochemical and microstructural properties of Indonesian dark chocolate
Authors: Fibrianto Kiki , Azhar La Ode Muhammad Fajrul , Widyotomo Sukrisno , Harijono Harijono
Published: April 2021

Abstract Indonesian cocoa is cheaper and considered second grade compared with most other cocoa. However, the domestic chocolate industry is not well-developed due to significantly low consumption. To cope with these issues, product innovation through technical process improvement is required to stimulate the domestic chocolate industry. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cocoa bean origin and conching time on the physicochemical (water content, texture, color, crude fat content, and melting enthalpy) and microstructural properties of chocolate. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized factorial design consisting of two factors: cocoa bean origin (100% fermented cocoa beans from Jember, 100% fermented cocoa beans from Southeast Sulawesi, 50% fermented cocoa beans from Jember + 50% non-fermented cocoa beans from Southeast Sulawesi, and 50% fermented cocoa beans from Southeast Sulawesi + 50% non-fermented cocoa beans from Southeast Sulawesi) and conching time (4, 6 and 8 h). The results showed that cocoa bean origin significantly affected the hardness, gumminess and color of chocolate, including the redness and yellowness level, whereas conching time affected water content, hardness, cohesiveness, elasticity, and crude fat content. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the treatment with 100% fermented cocoa beans from Jember presented higher values of Tonset, ΔHmelt and area compared with those of the treatment with 100% fermented cocoa beans from Southeast Sulawesi, which presented higher values of Tpeak and Tend. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed a distribution of solid and dense particles with crystal interaction with chocolate structures.
Utilização de polpa de frutas em pó carregadoras de probióticos como alimento funcional: aspectos gerais e perspectivas
Authors: Albuquerque Aline Pacheco , Rodrigues Thais Jaciane Araújo , Cavalcante Neto Jonas Leite , Rocha Ana Paula Trindade
Published: April 2021

Resumo O emprego de novos processos que possam agregar valor e aumentar a vida útil de produtos gerados a partir de frutas, bem como a preocupação com uma alimentação mais saudável, vem despertando um perfil mais inovador no mercado de alimentos. Dentre os mais diversos tipos de alimentos funcionais, estudos recentes vêm sendo desenvolvidos destacando os probióticos. Tradicionalmente, na elaboração de alimentos probióticos, são utilizados produtos derivados de leite, porém, atualmente, há um aumento na demanda por produtos não lácteos, devido ao crescimento do número de consumidores veganos, intolerantes à lactose e alérgicos às proteínas do leite. O desenvolvimento de probióticos em novas matrizes vem se tornando uma opção cada vez mais atrativa para a indústria alimentícia. Logo, no presente artigo de revisão, são abordados os aspectos tecnológicos utilizados para análise da viabilidade de probióticos em polpas de frutas, as quais, por possuírem alto teor de umidade, são altamente perecíveis, necessitando da utilização de uma técnica de desidratação, com o intuito de reduzir as perdas pós-colheita, proteger contra as reações de degradação, contribuir para a concentração de nutrientes, além de possibilitar sua disponibilidade em qualquer período do ano. Assim, aspectos gerais da secagem em leito de jorro são discutidos como possível processo de conservação da polpa de frutas enriquecidas com culturas probióticas.
Kinetic modeling of inactivation of foodborne bacterial pathogens in serrano artisanal cheese during ripening
Authors: Pretto Ângelo Nardi , Reck Carolina , Menin Álvaro , Sant’Anna Voltaire
Published: April 2021

Abstract Serrano artisanal cheese is a traditional raw milk dairy product from southern Brazil. For safe consumption of raw milk products, ripening is a critical period for reducing populations of pathogenic and spoilage microorganism and, then, the knowledge on inactivation kinetics of microorganisms is necessary to guarantee food safety and quality. In the present work, inactivation kinetics of foodborne bacterial pathogens required by Brazilian regulations in serrano artisanal cheeses were statistically evaluated during ripening. The Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, coagulase-positive strain of Staphylococcus aureus and fecal coliforms were analyzed for up to 60 days. Experimental data were fitted using first-order model, Weibull and log-linear + shoulder models. Results showed no presence of Salmonella spp. and L. monogyatogenes in the cheeses through the studied period. The first-order and Weibull models presented good performance to represent coagulase-positive strain of S. aureus and fecal coliforms during ripening, although Weibull distribution showed better outcomes to experimental data. Log-linear+shoulder equation was discarded to describe the reduction of microorganism counts for physical criteria. Kinetics showed an initial resistance of fecal coliforms to be inactivated, unlike to coagulase-positive strain of S. aureus population. Modeling analysis allowed estimating serrano artisanal cheese ripening period to be longer than 33 days for achieving a safe product according to the Brazilian Regulatory Standards.
Elaboração de salsichas de frango com redução de gordura e adição de inulina
Authors: Araujo Chimenes Darlan Leal de , Costa Gilmar Freire da , Oliveira Fernando Luiz Nunes de , Azerêdo Geíza Alves
Published: April 2021

Resumo Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar os efeitos da substituição parcial e total da gordura por inulina nos parâmetros de qualidade de salsichas de frango. Três formulações foram desenvolvidas: Controle (F1) e dois níveis de inclusão de inulina: 2,5% (F2) e 5% (F3). Parâmetros de umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos, carboidratos, pH, atividade de água e cor (L*, a* e b*) foram analisados. O perfil tecnológico também foi analisado por meio da estabilidade da emulsão, perda de peso por cozimento, perda de peso por exsudação e força de cisalhamento. Os atributos sensoriais pesquisados foram cor, aparência, textura, sabor, aceitação geral, bem como teste de intenção de compra. A adição de 2,5% de inulina na formulação F2 verificou-se uma redução na perda de água durante o cozimento, perda de peso por exsudação, bem como aumento da estabilidade da emulsão comparada às demais formulações. A formulação com 5% de inulina apresentou baixo teor de gordura, baixa força de cisalhamento e elevados teores de cinzas e carboidratos comparativamente à formulação controle. Não houve alterações no pH e na atividade de água. Em relação à cor, a inclusão de inulina teve efeito significativo (p < 0,05) para a luminosidade (L*) na superfície interna das salsichas. O valor de b* também foi significativo (p < 0,05) na formulação (F3) para a superfície interna e na formulação F1 na superfície externa. A adição de inulina, em especial na formulação (F3), resultou em valores mais altos nas avaliações de aparência, textura e sabor em relação às demais formulações, o que refletiu na maior intenção de compra. Sendo assim, pode-se afirmar que foi possível a redução de 50% e 100% de gordura com a adição de 2,5% e 5% de inulina, sem redução na qualidade das salsichas.
Segurança e educação durante a COVID-19: prevalência, fatores associados e planos de reabertura da Faculdade de Enfermagem
Authors: Rafael Ricardo de Mattos Russo , Correia Luiza Mara , Mello Alex Simões de , Prata Juliana Amaral , Gallasch Cristiane Helena , Pérez Junior Eugenio Fuentes , Silva Frances Valeria Costa e , Penna Lucia Helena Garcia , Morera Jaime Caravaca , Breda Karen Lucas , David Helena Maria Scherlowski Leal
Published: April 2021

Resumo Objetivo analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados à triagem da COVID-19 e propor as estratégias necessárias para a reabertura das Escolas de Enfermagem universitárias para as aulas presenciais. Métodos um estudo transversal foi projetado a partir da linha de base de uma pesquisa longitudinal baseada na Internet de uma Escola Brasileira de Enfermagem. Com o resultado ordinal (classificação operacional COVID-19), a análise de dados foi conduzida usando um modelo de regressão multinomial. Resultados um total de 498 participantes foi incluído na análise e revelou 67,27% de casos suspeitos e 11,65% de casos confirmados de COVID-19. O uso de máscaras, o transporte público e fazer parte da linha de frente dos trabalhadores da saúde foram estatisticamente associados a um histórico positivo para a COVID-19. Conclusão os planos de reabertura de Escolas de Enfermagem devem integrar o uso de equipamentos de proteção pessoal, o transporte público e a triagem da COVID-19 na educação.
Por que uma Ciência Ocupacional na América Latina? Possíveis relações com a Terapia Ocupacional com base em uma perspectiva pragmatista
Authors: Morrison Rodolfo , Silva Carla Regina , Correia Ricardo Lopes , Wertheimer Luciana
Published: April 2021

Resumo O presente ensaio aborda a Ciência Ocupacional com base na história hegemônica e (re)conhecida da terapia ocupacional no mundo, a partir da qual nos perguntamos: “Por que uma Ciência Ocupacional na América Latina?”. Para responder a tal questionamento, apresentamos uma perspectiva crítica sobre a Ciência Ocupacional, resgatando evidências sobre a sua institucionalização, discursos e rebatimentos à validação e à identidade da Terapia Ocupacional. Com isso, verificamos semelhanças e distinções entre ambas as disciplinas, considerando, sobretudo, que os estudos da e sobre a ocupação humana sempre existiram mesmo antes de sua criação. Isso nos permite afirmar que não há uma relação de dependência da Terapia Ocupacional com a Ciência Ocupacional, como nos discursos iniciais de sua criação. No entanto, devemos considerar que ambas são complementares e não dependentes, e que, juntas ou separadas, direcionam-se para as transformações sociais. Parece-nos que no contexto da América Latina essa compreensão não é uma realidade, visto que o engendramento das questões que ainda mantêm o status de “crise identitária” da Terapia Ocupacional dificulta a compreensão de outros mecanismos de leitura sobre as histórias e fundamentos da área, como os processos de colonização e de confronto e reconhecimento de nossas bases epistêmicas.
Endoparasites in fecal samples from anatids in captivity in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Bruno Fernanda , Emídio Thais Aguiar , Rosa Claudiana Auxiliadora , Martorelli Fabio Novelli , Coelho Cidéli de Paula
Published: April 2021

Abstract The objective of the present study was to identify the intestinal parasites with the highest prevalence in anatids that were reared extensively in the city of São Paulo, through coproparasitological examinations. Fecal samples (n=108) were collected at two times, with an interval of two months between them, during the year 2018. The samples were constituted from a pool of feces, and one sample was collected from each enclosure. The samples were identified as belonging to 13 species of anatids (Aix galericulata, Aix sponsa, Anser abyssinia, Chenonetta jubata, Chloephaga melanoptera, Chloephaga picta, Lophodytes cucullatus, Tadorna cana, Tadorna ferrugínea, Tadorna radjah, Tadorna tadorna, Tadorna tadornoide and Tadorna variegata). Samples of birds with or without clinical symptoms of endoparasitosis were then collected. The Coproplus® test was used to make the coproparasitological diagnosis and subsequently the material was examined individually, at Santo Amaro University in São Paulo. It was observed that 48.14% of the enclosures had birds infected by one or more endoparasites. Parasites of the order Coccidia presented the highest prevalence (22.22%), followed by those of the orders Trichuroidea (10.18%) and Ascaridia (4.63%). Moreover, Balantidium sp. was found, the cycle and relevance of these ciliates in birds is uncertain.
Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from Paraná state, South Brazil: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Romanelli Paulo Roberto , Matos Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de , Pinto-Ferreira Fernanda , Caldart Eloiza Teles , Carmo João Lucas Moura do , Santos Nathalia Gomes dos , Silva Natalia Ribeiro da , Loeffler Barbara Barcellos , Sanches João Fernando Zamariola , Francisquini Luiza Schumacher , Romanelli Micheline Sahyun , Minho Alessandro Pelegrine , Cavalcante Antônio Cezar Rocha , Pierre Elzira Jorge , Sobezak Claudio Cesar , Freire Roberta Lemos , Mitsuka-Breganó Regina , Navarro Italmar Teodorico
Published: April 2021

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence and factors associated with the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from Paraná state. The detection of antibodies for T. gondii and N. caninum was performed by homemade and commercial indirect ELISA, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to verify the factors associated with the seroprevalence. Antibodies anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum were observed in 42.7% and in 17.6% of the animals, respectively. The protective factors associated to seropositive were “some level of confinement” (full or semi-extensive confinement) (OR=0.53) for T. gondii and “use of skilled labor” (OR=0.64) for N. caninum. The risk factors were “presence of cats” (OR=1.75) for T. gondii and “feeding of dogs with sheep placental remains” (OR=1.79) for N. caninum. In addition, to presenting a significant and simultaneous seroprevalence for both agents (9.9% of the animals), the results also indicate that deficiencies in management and environmental sanitation, the presence of reservoirs, and types of exploitation enhance the seropositivity. Thus, studies like this might support sanitary programs and public policies for the prevention of T. gondii and N. caninum in the sheep herds of Paraná state.
Role of Ras Isoforms in the Stimulated Proliferation of Human Renal Fibroblasts in Primary Culture
Authors: SHARPE CLAIRE C. , DOCKRELL MARK E. C. , NOOR MAZHAR I. , MONIA BRETT P. , HENDRY BRUCE M.
Published: April 2021

The proliferation of renal fibroblasts is implicated in the pathophysiologic processes of renal fibrosis. Many of the growth factors involved in proliferation are known to activate intracellular signaling pathways that converge on Ras monomeric GTPases. Although three ras family genes exist, their functional specificity is not yet known. Using antisense oligonucleotides, a role for Kirsten (Ki)-Ras in the stimulated proliferation of a primate renal fibroblast cell line was previously demonstrated. This study examines Ras in primary cultures of adult human renal fibroblasts. Using reverse transcription-PCR, mRNA for Harvey (Ha)-ras, Ki(4B)-ras, and neural (N)-ras, but not Ki(4A)-ras, were detected. Antisense oligonucleotides targeting Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras mRNA, which were used for liposomal transfection at 100 to 200 nM, were demonstrated to be active and isoform-specific in quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays. Cellular Ras protein levels, as estimated using isoform-specific monoclonal antibodies, indicated that Ki-Ras was the predominantly expressed isoform (>95% of total Ras protein) under both serum-containing and serum-free conditions, with N- and Ha-Ras being detected in small amounts. Consistent with this finding, the antisense oligonucleotide directed against Ki-Ras reduced total cellular Ras levels by >70%, whereas Ha-Ras, N-Ras, and control oligonucleotides had no significant effect. Proliferation of oligonucleotide-transfected cells was measured using epidermal growth factor (EGF) and serum stimulation. The Ki-Ras oligonucleotide at 100 nM reduced serum-stimulated proliferation by >50% and EGF-stimulated proliferation by 25%, compared with data obtained with the control oligonucleotide (P < 0.01). The N-Ras oligonucleotide was not active, compared with the control oligonucleotide. The Ha-Ras oligonucleotide was not significantly active at 100 nM but reduced serum-stimulated proliferation by 13% and EGF-stimulated growth by 40% at 200 nM (P < 0.01). These results demonstrate that Ki-Ras(4B) is the predominantly expressed Ras isoform in human renal fibroblasts in primary culture and is important for both serum- and EGF-stimulated proliferation. Ha-Ras appears to be expressed at low levels but may also play a distinct role in stimulated proliferation.
Abnormal Glomerular Basement Membrane Laminins in Murine, Canine, and Human Alport Syndrome
Authors: KASHTAN CLIFFORD E. , KIM YOUNGKI , LEES GEORGE E. , THORNER PAUL S. , VIRTANEN ISMO , MINER JEFFREY H.
Published: April 2021

Kidneys from mice, dogs, and humans with X-linked and autosomal-recessive forms of Alport syndrome were examined by immunofluorescence for expression of laminin α, β, and γ chains using monospecific antibodies. Laminin α2 chain was absent from glomerular basement membranes (GBM) in normal human, murine, and canine kidneys but was abnormally deposited in Alport GBM, regardless of species or inheritance pattern. In murine and canine Alport kidneys, laminin α2 seems to be deposited as part of both laminin-2 (α2β1γ1) and laminin-4 (α2β2γ1) but as part of only laminin-4 in human Alport kidneys. GBM laminin α2 chain deposition was not observed in a variety of non-Alport human glomerulopathies. This finding adds to the list of proteins that are aberrantly deposited in Alport GBM as a consequence of the absence of the α3, α4, and α5 chains of type IV collagen: (1) type IV collagen α1 and α2 chains, (2) type V collagen, (3) type VI collagen, and most recently (4) the laminin α2 chain and (5) the laminin α1 and β1 chains in mice and dogs. These findings emphasize further the critical role played by the α3, α4, and α5 chains of type IV collagen in establishing and maintaining the composition, structure, and function of mature GBM.