bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Viscosupplementation on Knee Joint Arthrokinematics – Pilot Study
Authors: Falkowski Krzysztof , Skiba Grzegorz , Czerner Marek , Szmajda Mirosław , Bączkowicz Dawid
Published: January 2019

Background. Osteoarthritis is one of the most common dysfunctions of the musculoskeletal system and viscosup­plementation is becoming an increasingly popular treatment in OA. However, current knowledge regarding biomechanical changes in synovial joints reveals many discrepancies. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of visco­supplementation on knee joint arthrokinematics as analyzed by vibroarthrography.
Material and methods. Seventeen individuals diagnosed with moderate knee osteoarthritis (VSC) were examined before and after a single injection of hyaluronate. A control group consisted of 30 asymptomatic individuals. During alter­nating extension/flexion of the knee joint, a 6-second vibroarthrographic signal was recorded using an accelerometer. The following parameters were calculated: variance (VMS), amplitude (R4), and spectral power density in the 50-250 Hz (P1) and 250-450 Hz (P2) bands.
Results. Statistical analysis showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the values of R4 and P2, which were higher in the VSC group than among the controls. After viscosupplementation, the values of R4, P1 and P2 in the VSC group de­creased to a level not significantly different from that seen among the controls.
Conclusions. 1. After a single intra-articular HA injection, joint motion-related vibrations were reduced, which was recorded as a decreased intensity of vibroacoustic emission. 2. This suggests that the use of viscosupplementation in pa­tients with moderate knee osteoarthritis may improve qualitative aspects of arthrokinematics.
ARTILERY BATTLE SPACE SIMULATOR – TRAINER “ANTRACYT PLUS”
Authors: Mendel Marian , Pałka Wojciech , Kupaj Szymon
Published: January 2019

The paper presents a combat field artillery simulator-trainer ANTRACYT PLUS developed in the Military Institute of Armament Technology. The principle of operation is based on deployment of real equipment to be used by the trainees whereas the effects of their actions are reflected in a virtual space. The simulator is driven by VBS (Virtual Battle Space) which provides a faithful simulation of terrain and troops operations at various combat scenarios. It is used by many NATO armies in designs of different simulators and trainers. A wide spectrum of animations for terrain, weather, field conditions, types of ordnance, personnel, reaction of objects against different actions, etc., provides a dynamic and realistic battle field. A simulator presented in the paper is designated for training and practising parts and complete artillery subunits on fire control, mission planning, and interoperability with the supported troops and assigned reconnaissance means (UAV, radar station, plane, helicopter and other).
INITIAL EXPERIMENTS ON APPLICATION OF SUB-TERAHERTZ RADIATION
Authors: ŚWIDERSKI Waldemar , Hłosta Paweł
Published: January 2019

Some results of first experiments on terahertz technology are presented in the paper. A terahertz scanner was used to detect the weapons and cells of a honeycomb composite filled with water. Received results indicate that there is a large potential for using the terahertz radiation in other applications indicated in the paper.
Rethinking the Civil War Era
Authors: Escott Paul D.
Published: January 2019

The field of Civil War history seems to have reached an inflection point. There is a great amount of interesting new research that departs from long-established channels and seems to be looking in new directions. This volume examines much of the latest work. It covers the sectional crisis, the war itself, and concepts of the Civil War era. Although not a conventional historiography, it offers broad coverage of the field, raises major interpretive questions, and suggests many new issues or questions to research.
Physical fitness of amateur paddle players: comparisons between different competitive levels
Authors: Müller Camila Borges , Del Vecchio Fabricio Boscolo
Published: January 2019

Padel is widely practiced racket sport, although there is scanty data comparing competitive levels and differences between the sexes. Physical fitness of padel players was compared, according to sex and level. The research involved 35 people (age = 29.6 ± 2.9 years, practice = 6.8 ± 4.9 years), 13 of the first, 15 of the second and 7 of the third category. Aerobic power (PAM) with Yo-YoIR1, agility with handball agility specific test (HAST), muscular power with vertical jump and 3kg medicineball throw, and handgrip endurance strength (HES) with dynamometer were measured. The variables PAM, HAST, vertical jump, throttle and FIPM were significantly different between genders. In addition, in the male category, players in the upper category had lower heart rate scores after Yo-YoIR1 as well as distance traveled, throttle and FIPM maximum, while in females the superior category was better in the variables distance traveled in Yo-YoIR1 and vertical jump. On the other hand, in both sexes, players of superior categories presented greater time of practice. Amateur padel players with a higher competitive level do not present higher physical fitness, but present longer practice time.
Validation of automated apparatus for upper limb velocity testing
Authors: Silva Leandro Medeiros , Aidar Felipe José , Matos Dihogo Gama , Santana Eduardo Estevan , Dantas Matheus Peixoto , Santos Petrus Gantois , Dantas Paulo Meira , Cabral Breno Araújo
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this paper was to validate the ability of automated devices to measure the velocity of the upper limbs. Thus, 144 students, from 8 to 17 years old, both sexes, participated in the study in a social project in the city of Natal/RN. The Automated Tapping Test (AATT) was developed following the dimensions of the original EUROFIT test, but built out of metal parts, so that the calibration was more accurate and could be read as an electronic signal by the integrated circuit. The upper limb velocity test was applied in three steps: before performing the original test, all participants underwent a laterality check and then motor practice similar to the original test. After 30 minutes, the first step in the pattern established by the EUROFIT test battery was performed and 30 minutes later, the third stage, with the AATT. The measurement reliability of the automated apparatus was tested through intraclass correlations and a strong intraclass interaction coefficient of r = 0.901 was found. In conclusion, the AATT was found to be accurate and efficient as to what it is proposed to evaluate, being able to minimize the intra-evaluator error and to assist professionals in the sports.
Data’s Hidden Data: Qualitative Revelations of Sports Efficiency Analysis brought by Neural Network Performance Metrics
Authors: Campaniço Ana Teresa , Valente António , Serôdio Rogério , Escalera Sérgio
Published: January 2019

In the study of effectiveness and efficiency of an athlete’s performance, intelligent systems can be applied on qualitative approaches and their performance metrics provide useful information on not just the quality of the data, but also reveal issues about the observational criteria and data collection context itself. 2000 executions of two similar exercises, with different levels of complexity, were collected through a single inertial sensor applied on the fencer’s weapon hand. After the signals were split into their key segments through Dynamic Time Warping, the extracted features and respective qualitative evaluations were fed into a Neural Network to learn the patterns that distinguish a good from a bad execution. The performance analysis of the resulting models returned a prediction accuracy of 76.6% and 72.7% for each exercise, but other metrics pointed to the data suffering from high bias. This points towards an imbalance in the qualitative criteria representation of the bad executions, which can be explained by: i) reduced number of samples; ii) ambiguity in the definition of the observation criteria; iii) a single sensor being unable to fully capture the context without taking the actions of the other key body segments into account.
Muscle Dysfunction and Walking Impairment in Women with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Willingham T. Bradley , Backus Deborah , McCully Kevin K.
Published: January 2019

Background:

Recent evidence suggests that skeletal muscle dysfunction is involved in disability progression in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the relationship between muscle dysfunction and walking impairments in MS remains unclear. Thus, the cross-sectional relationships between muscle-specific oxidative capacity and walking endurance in women with MS were evaluated.

Methods:

Twenty women with MS (11 African American, 9 white) were tested. Muscle oxidative capacity of the medial gastrocnemius was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy after electrical stimulation. Muscle endurance was evaluated using accelerometer-based mechanomyography during electrical stimulation. Muscle strength was measured during maximal voluntary plantarflexion using handheld dynamometry. Walking function was measured using the Timed 25-Foot Walk test and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT).

Results:

Reduced muscle oxidative capacity (R2 = 0.68–0.71, P < .01) and muscle endurance (R2 = 0.59–0.78, P < .01) were associated with lower Timed 25-Foot Walk time and 6MWT distance. Muscle strength was weakly correlated to 6MWT distance (R2 = 0.21, P = .02). No differences in muscle function or clinical outcome measures were found between African American and white subgroups. Women with moderate-to-severe disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score, 5.0–6.5) had significantly reduced muscle oxidative capacity, muscle endurance, and walking ability compared with women with mild disability (EDSS score, 2.5–4.5).

Conclusions:

Reductions in muscle function in people with MS are related to declines in walking function across all levels of disability. Muscle dysfunction is not differentially related to walking impairment in African American and white women with MS.
The transcription factors and its implications in adaptive evolution
Authors: Zapata Trejo Víctor A
Published: January 2019

The random to explain the emergence of variations in sequence of the alleles is the current scientific paradigm of evolutionary biology. Here is argued that external stimuli responsible of manifestation of an instinct together with transcription factors (TFs) involved are the main cause of emergence of such variations. Advances in epigenomics show that this molecular function plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression of all cells, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and indicates which specific genes should be transcribed and which should be translated. Under this context, the present work pretends evaluate the current evidence on the increase in mutation rate caused by transcription-associated mutational pressure in primordial germ cells due to presence of TFs also present in somatic cells involved in an instinct. In conclusion is established that adaptive evolution can understood as biological superposition of 4 functional states. This work that is added to the evolutionary theoretical framework contributes with an alternative causal understanding of adaptive evolution.
Osmanlı Devleti’nin Düzen Arayışı: Anayasal Düşünce Gelişiminin Dinamikleri / Ottoman State’s Quest for Order: Dynamics of Constitutional Thought Development
Authors: Tekin Zeki , Okumuş Gülnaz
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Mankind has put forth a special effort to ensure the order of society since the very beginning of it. The Ottoman State, has always ensured the public and social order like other Islamic states in the light of Allah's commandments. However, the present order started deteriorating due to dwindling basic principles (justice, merit, consultancy ...) with time which were imposed by the Shariah Law; to which the Ottoman Empire was subjected.

The radical developments in the political, economic, social and legal fields that took place in Europe had affected the Ottoman State seriously like other states. Under the influence of all these internal and external dynamics, the Ottoman Empire started quest for a new order and attempted to bring a series of reforms under the name of westernization or modernization. Thus in the Ottoman State, besides these reform movements, the idea of creating a constitution had also emerged.

This study tries to find out the internal and external dynamics in the formation of Kanun-ı Esasi which was the first constitution of the Ottoman Empire in the modern sense and the consequences of this quest for order.

Öz

İnsanoğlu, var olduğundan beri yaşadığı toplumun düzenini temin edebilmek için özel bir çaba göstermiştir. Kuruluşu itibariyle Ortaçağ devletlerinden olan Osmanlı Devleti, diğer İslam devletleri gibi kamu ve toplum düzenini her zaman Allah’ın hükümleri doğrultusunda tesis etmiştir. Ancak Osmanlının   tâbi olduğu şer’i hukukun vaz ettiği temel prensiplerin (adalet, liyakat, meşveret…) zamanla göz ardı edilmesi ile mevcut düzen bozulmaya başlamıştır.

Avrupa’da meydana gelen siyasal, ekonomik, toplumsal ve hukuk alanlarındaki köklü gelişmeler Osmanlı Devleti’ni ciddi anlamda etkilemiştir. Tüm bu iç ve dış dinamiklerin tesiriyle yeni düzen arayışına giren Osmanlı Devleti, batıcılık ya da modernleşme adı altında bir dizi reform teşebbüslerinde bulunmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti’nde bu reform hareketlerine paralel olarak bir anayasa oluşturma düşüncesi de böylece ortaya çıkmıştır.

Bu çalışmada Osmanlının modern anlamda ilk anayasası olan Kanun-ı Esasi’nin oluşumuna kaynaklık eden iç ve dış dinamiklerin neler olduğu ve bunların tesirleri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Secreted Frizzled-related protein 4 inhibits the regeneration of hair follicles
Authors: Guo Haiying , Xing Yizhan , Deng Fang , Yang Ke , Li Yuhong
Published: January 2019

Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 4 (sFRP4) belongs to Wnt inhibitors. Previously, we reported that sFRP4 inhibited the differentiation of melanocyte. Here, by using of immunostaining, we showed that sFRP4 is expressed in both human and mouse hair follicles, especially in the outer root sheath and inner root sheath. To reveal the role of sFRP4 in hair follicle growth and hair cycle, we induced synchronized hair cycle in the dorsal skin of mice by depilation, and injected sFRP4 intradermally into the skin. By hematoxylin and eosin staining, we found that the regeneration of hair follicles was inhibited by sFRP4. However, the structure of hair follicles remained complete. Compared with phosphate buffer saline-treated hair follicles, the sFRP4-treated hair follicles still had the same expression pattern of keratins. Our findings reveal that sFRP4 inhibits but not blocks the regeneration of hair follicles, and supply a potential therapeutic application to treat hair follicle regeneration disorders.
Identifying accurate metagenome and amplicon software via a meta-analysis of sequence to taxonomy benchmarking studies
Authors: Gardner Paul P. , Watson Renee J. , Morgan Xochitl C. , Draper Jenny L. , Finn Robert D. , Morales Sergio E. , Stott Matthew B.
Published: January 2019

Metagenomic and meta-barcode DNA sequencing has rapidly become a widely-used technique for investigating a range of questions, particularly related to health and environmental monitoring. There has also been a proliferation of bioinformatic tools for analysing metagenomic and amplicon datasets, which makes selecting adequate tools a significant challenge. A number of benchmark studies have been undertaken; however, these can present conflicting results. In order to address this issue we have applied a robustZ-score ranking procedure and a network meta-analysis method to identify software tools that are consistently accurate for mapping DNA sequences to taxonomic hierarchies. Based upon these results we have identified some tools and computational strategies that produce robust predictions.
Functional polymorphisms of the APOA1/C3/A4/A5-ZPR1-BUD13 gene cluster are associated with dyslipidemia in a sex-specific pattern
Authors: Bai Wei , Kou Changgui , Zhang Lili , You Yueyue , Yu Weiying , Hua Wanqing , Li Yuanyuan , Yu Yaqin , Zhao Tiancheng , Wu Yanhua
Published: January 2019

Background

Dyslipidemia contributes to the risk of many diseases, including stroke, cardiovascular disease and metabolic-related diseases. Previous studies have indicated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with different levels of serum lipid. Therefore, this study explored the relationship between theAPOA1/C3/A4/A5-ZPR1-BUD13gene cluster gene polymorphisms and dyslipidemia in the total sample population and stratified by genders in a northeast Chinese population.

Methods

A total of 3,850 participants from Jilin Province, China, were enrolled in our study, and their serum lipid levels were measured. Six functional SNPs (APOA1rs5072,APOC3rs5128,APOA4rs5104,APOA5rs651821,ZPR1rs2075294 andBUD13rs10488698) were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and MALDI-TOF-MS. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship ofAPOA1/C3/A4/A5-ZPR1-BUD13gene cluster gene polymorphisms with dyslipidemia. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses were performed with the SNPStats program and Haploview software.

Results

All SNPs conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Logistic regression analysis revealed that rs5072, rs5128 and rs651821 were associated with hypertriglyceridemia, rs5104 and rs651821 were associated with low-HDL cholesterolemia in overall group. rs651821 was associated with hypertriglyceridemia and low-HDL cholesterolemia in both the male and female group. However, among females, rs5072 was observed to be associated with hypertriglyceridemia. Haplotype analysis showed that haplotypes TGCCGC and CAGCGC were associated with dyslipidemia in the overall, male and female groups.

Conclusion

SNPs in theAPOA1/C3/A4/A5-ZPR1-BUD13gene cluster were associated with dyslipidemia. Furthermore, the association ofAPOA1rs5072 in this gene cluster with dyslipidemia differed between genders; thus, additional studies are needed to confirm this conclusion, and the mechanisms underlying these results warrant further exploration.
The effects of ketamine on suicidality across various formulations and study settings
Authors: Dadiomov David , Lee Kelly
Published: January 2019

Introduction

Suicidality and self-injurious behavior afflict patients with a wide variety of psychiatric illnesses. Currently, there are few pharmacologic treatments for suicidality and self-injurious behavior and none that treat these conditions emergently. Recently, ketamine has demonstrated efficacy in treating both depression and acute suicidal ideation. An increasing usage of ketamine, of a variety of formulations, has been studied for these indications. This article reviews the evidence for use of ketamine in self-injurious behavior and suicidality.

Methods

A review of the MEDLINE database for articles relating to ketamine, self-injurious behavior, suicidality, and self-harm was conducted. Additional articles were assessed via cross-reference.

Results

A total of 24 articles that included clinical trials, meta-analyses, case series, and case reports were analyzed. The majority of studies of ketamine for suicidal ideation include the intravenous route using a dose of 0.5 mg/kg over 40 minutes. These studies suggest that intravenous ketamine may be effective at reducing suicidal ideation acutely. Data on use of ketamine in the intramuscular, intranasal, and oral forms are limited and of poorer quality. Studies on these formulations contain greater variability of positive and negative results of ketamine for reducing suicidality and self-injurious behavior. The durability of the antisuicidal effects across all formulations is limited.

Discussion

Ketamine may be an effective option for the treatment of suicidal ideation in patients across inpatient, outpatient, or emergent settings. At this time, more research is needed on the efficacy of ketamine across all formulations being used in clinical practice.
Propranolol for mirtazapine-induced akathisia: Single case report
Authors: Koller Katherine
Published: January 2019

Despite psychomotor restlessness and akathisia being an occasionally reported side effect of antidepressants as a class, and mirtazapine specifically, there is no general consensus on the best treatment approach. Propranolol may prove to be an effective treatment approach in patients who are not candidates for alternative therapies.
Characteristics and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers in an ambulatory care / Caracterização e tratamento de úlceras do pé diabético em um ambulatório
Authors: Andrade Lidiane Lima de , Carvalho Gabrielly de Carly Pereira , Valentim Fernanda Albyege Alves de Andrade , Siqueira Werllinson Azevedo , Melo Fabrícia Maria De Araujo Bustorff , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes
Published: January 2019

Objetivos: Caracterizar as úlceras do pé diabético de pacientes atendidos em um ambulatório e investigar qual o tratamento dispensado a estas lesões. Métodos: Estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado no ambulatório de um hospital universitário, tendo como sujeitos, 56 pacientes. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um roteiro abordando dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, dados de caracterização e de tratamento das úlceras do pé diabético. Resultados: A faixa etária dos indivíduos variou de 38 a 84 anos. Verificou-se que 40 (71,4%) tinham histórico familiar de diabetes. Quanto a classificação da ferida, 27 (34,6%) apresentavam a lesão na fáscia plantar e 20 (35,7%) apresentavam esfacelo no leito da ferida. Em relação ao tratamento, em 45 (80,3%) das lesões foi utilizado ácidos graxos essenciais. Conclusão: Os resultados reforçam a importância da caracterização/avaliação das lesões para escolha de um tratamento eficaz, o que reduz a gravidade de complicações.
Perception of families on reception in the neonatal context during an intervention process / Percepção das famílias sobre o acolhimento no contexto neonatal durante um processo de intervenção
Authors: Soares Larissa Gramazio , Soares Letícia Gramazio , Decesário Maria Das Neves , Higarashi Ieda Harumi
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção familiar sobre o acolhimento no contexto da assistência em enfermagem neonatal, antes e após a implementação de um protocolo de acolhimento. Método: estudo de intervenção, caráter descritivo, realizado numa Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, de abril a setembro de 2014, antes e após a implementação de uma rotina de acolhimento da unidade, junto a 24 pais. Os dados foram coletados com instrumento semi-estruturado e foram analisados conforme Transversalidade do cuidado de enfermagem; Contato inicial ao contexto de cuidado neonatal; Compartilhamento de informações e saberes profissional; Corresponsabilização do cuidado a partir do papel parental; Protagonismo familiar para alta hospitalar. Conclusão: a compreensão das potencialidades e fragilidades no processo de acolhimento, a partir da perspectiva famíliar possibilita a transformação da realidade, propiciando referencial metodológico da Análise de Conteúdo, e emergiram cinco categorias temáticas. Resultados: uma assistência pautada nas reais necessidades da família e portanto, mais humanizada e qualificada.
Conviviality groups for elderly people in primary health care: contributions to active aging / Grupo de convivência para idosos na atenção primária à saúde: contribuições para o envelhecimento ativo
Authors: Previato Giselle Fernanda , Nogueira Iara Sescon , Luís Mincoff Raquel Cristina , Jaques André Estevam , Carreira Lígia , Baldissera Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Analisar as contribuições do grupo de convivência de idosos para o envelhecimento ativo na perspectiva de seus participantes. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo, realizado com 14 idosos participantes de um grupo de convivência de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, submetidas a análise de conteúdo de Bardin e analisadas à luz da Política de Envelhecimento Ativo. Resultados:  Emergiram três categorias temáticas: “Grupo de convivência como oportunidade de lazer socializante para idosos”; “Grupo de Convivência como espaço de aprendizagem para os idosos”; “A importância do Grupo de Convivência no processo de promoção da saúde e envelhecimento ativo dos idosos”. Conclusão: A percepção dos idosos frente a participação no grupo de convivência remeteu a momentos de lazer, socialização, aprendizado e melhora da saúde física e mental, contribuindo para ampliar a qualidade de vida enquanto envelhecimento ativo.
Representations of nurses in a teaching hospital about the object, purpose and instruments of their work / Representações de enfermeiros de um hospital de ensino acerca do objeto, finalidade e instrumentos do seu trabalho
Authors: Jacondino Michelle Barboza , Thofehrn Maira Buss , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Porto Adrize Rutz , Moura Pedro Márlon Martter , Borges Leandro Da Rosa
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: conhecer o entendimento dos enfermeiros de um hospital de ensino sobre os elementos do seu processo de trabalho. Método: Pesquisa exploratória-descritiva, no qual participaram 14 enfermeiros de unidades de internação. Resultados: Os resultados evidenciam duas concepções de objeto de trabalho: os usuários do hospital e suas famílias e a outra é assistência em saúde. O cuidado foi ratificado como finalidade do trabalho do enfermeiro, contudo os trabalhadores conduzem o processo de trabalho em prol da cura, com foco ainda na doença. Os instrumentos de trabalho utilizados pelos enfermeiros traduziram-se em conhecimentos científicos aplicados para desempenhar a atividade profissional. O corpo do trabalhador também foi descrito como ferramenta de trabalho. Conclusão: Destaca-se a necessidade de investimentos em pesquisa que discutam o processo de trabalho do enfermeiro no âmbito hospitalar, para possibilitar maior visibilidade a este trabalho.
Analysis of partogram completion as good obstetric practice in the monitoring of labor / Análise do preenchimento do partograma como boa prática obstétrica na monitorização do trabalho de parto
Authors: Lucena Tâmara Silva de , Morais Ramon José Leal de , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: analisar o preenchimento do partograma realizado por profissionais que prestam assistência ao trabalho de parto em um hospital escola referência materno- infantil do Vale do São Francisco. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo documental, retrospectivo e transversal de abordagem quantitativa realizada por meio da análise de 191 prontuários de parturientes assistidas na Instituição no ano de 2015. Os dados foram analisados no SPSS versão 20. Resultados: mostraram que apenas 40,6% dos prontuários tinham registro de abertura do partograma, a análise das variáveis verificadas no momento da abertura do partograma permitiu identificar que 99,5% foram iniciados na fase ativa do trabalho de parto. Apesar de um bom registro na sua abertura, os dados mostram que o processo de monitoramento do trabalho de parto ainda é pouco eficaz, pois 59,2% tiveram apenas um único registro. Conclusão: a utilização do partograma como uma boa prática obstétrica ainda é pouco utilizado nesta maternidade, faz-se necessário considerar seu registro como uma ferramenta no monitoramento do trabalho de parto para promover uma assistência adequada como recomenda o Ministério da Saúde.
The perceptions of vascular dysfunction bearing patients with regards to health education as an autonomy instrument / Percepção do usuário com alteração vascular sobre a educação em saúde como instrumento de autonomia
Authors: Quintela Sofia Hardman Côrtes , Siqueira Pâmela Guimarães , Höffling Fabianne Banderó , Imbriani Bruna Hirano , Romero Marta De Vargas , Da Silva Rosângela Marion
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: analisar como o usuário com alteração vascular percebe a Educação em saúde no processo de autonomia do cuidado. Métodos: pesquisa descritiva exploratória de abordagem qualitativa realizada com 12 usuários com alteração vascular que estavam em atendimento em um ambulatório multiprofissional vascular de um hospital universitário do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram coletados entre agosto e novembro de 2016 por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Os mesmos foram transcritos e analisados por intermédio da Análise Temática proposta por Minayo. Resultados: surgiram duas categorias: Atendimento que transmite confiança e (Co) Responsabilização dos usuários e familiares no processo de cuidar. Conclusão: o usuário com alteração vascular percebe que as ações educativas em saúde auxiliam no processo de autonomia do cuidado. A horizontalidade e as práticas dialógicas são importantes para o empoderamento e corresponsabilização.
Nurses’ understanding of newborn care in oxygen therapy / Compreensão do enfermeiro sobre o cuidado ao recém-nascido em oxigenoterapia
Authors: De Melo Rosana Alves , Tavares Ana Karoline , Fernandes Flávia Emília Cavalcante Valença , De Oliveira Ailkyanne Karelly Pereira , Amando Alexsandra Rodrigues
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Analisar a compreensão do enfermeiro sobre a assistência prestada ao recém-nascido em oxigenoterapia na Unidade de Cuidados Neonatais Intermediários e Intensivos. Método: Trata-se de estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 16 enfermeiros da Unidade Neonatal de um hospital público de Petrolina/PE, em dezembro de 2015 a janeiro de 2016, através de entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Os enfermeiros compreendem o que se configura como oxigenoterapia, suas indicações, finalidades e possíveis complicações associadas, bem como os principais cuidados de enfermagem que devem ser direcionados aos recém-nascidos em terapia com oxigênio suplementar. Conclusão: A qualificação e a habilidade do enfermeiro que assiste ao recém-nascido em uso de oxigenoterapia, dentro da Unidade Neonatal, é imprescindível na garantia de uma assistência segura, na identificação precoce dos sinais de adversidade e na prevenção de possíveis complicações.
Educational technology on oral contraception: construction shared with nurses reproductive assistance / Tecnologia educacional sobre contracepção oral: construção compartilhada com enfermeiros da assistência reprodutiva
Authors: Souza Teixeira Lorena Francielly , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataide , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: descrever conhecimentos e práticas de enfermeiros no contexto da contracepção oral e construir, de forma compartilhada, uma tecnologia educacional. Metodologia: a pesquisa foi desenvolvida em 09 Unidades da Estratégia Saúde da Família, pertencentes ao município de Ananindeua, localizado na Região Metropolitana de Belém – Pará, tendo como participantes 21 enfermeiros. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de agosto a novembro de 2015 por meio de entrevista individual com roteiro semi-estruturado e para análise utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo.  Resultados: Contatou-se que os enfermeiros têm amplo conhecimento com relação à contracepção oral. E suas práticas, embora pertinentes ao que está preconizado para essa clientela, encontram-se dificultadas pelas condições de trabalho em suas Unidades. Conclusão: os enfermeiros contribuíram no conteúdo e forma da tecnologia educacional pois consideraram pertinente a sua utilização como importante ferramenta para a educação em saúde.
Fundamentals of care in weighing the newborn / Fundamentos do cuidado na pesagem do recém-nascido
Authors: Gomes Tatiana De Oliveira , Sant’ana Andréia Neves , Neto Mercedes , Porto Fernando Rocha
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: descrever, comparativamente, duas imagens representativas do procedimento de pesagem dos recém-nascidos contidas em obras de 1949 e 2011. Metodologia: O estudo tem por proposta a história comparada. Resultados e discussão: Na publicação do ano de 1949, identificou-se a preocupação acentuada no recém-nascido com quantitativo de imagens utilizadas para o manuseio do mesmo, que de forma distinta é possível se identificar em 2011, quando se aponta a preocupação com a técnica da pesagem direcionada ao lençol. Conclusão: Pela visualização dos mosaicos, evidenciou-se que em 1949, o recém-nascido era o ponto maior de importância do cuidado direto; enquanto que, em 2011, infere-se ser o instrumento tecnológico o que mereça destaque visual. Desta maneira, o presente estudo traz à baila reflexões que permitem margens para futuras pesquisas sobre o quão semelhante, ou não, poder-se-ia apontar os cuidados realizados numa vertente observacional do passado no presente no cuidado em neonatologia.Descritores: Neonatologia, Recém-nascido, História.
RDM1 promotes neuroblastoma growth through the RAS–Raf–MEK–ERK pathway
Authors: Xie Guojin , Wu Haiyan , Cai Weiluo , Chen Mo , Huang Wending , Yan Wangjun , Chang Yong
Published: January 2019

Neuroblastoma (NB) is an aggressive cancer that originates in the sympathetic nervous system and primarily affects children. Here, we show that high levels of RAD52 motif containing 1 (RDM1; a protein with similarities to RAD52, which is important for double‐strand DNA repair) are associated with poor clinical outcomes for NB. In addition, RDM1−/− cells exhibited increased sensitivity to cisplatin, a common chemotherapy drug, and disruption of RDM1 suppressed NB cell proliferation. We also report that loss of RDM1 augmented cell apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest, and that stable knockdown of RDM1 significantly inhibited NB tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Importantly, we identified that RDM1 promoted cell proliferation via the RAS–Raf–mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)–extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. In conclusion, the current study demonstrates a correlation between DNA damage regulator RDM1 and the oncogenic RAS–Raf–MEK–ERK pathway in NB.
The Relationship between Strength and Toughness in Tempered Steel: Trade‐Off or Invariable?
Authors: Li He‐Fei , Duan Qi‐Qiang , Zhang Peng , Zhang Zhe‐Feng
Published: January 2019

Two different types of strength‐toughness relations are investigated in tempered steel (tempered at 25–420 °C). It is found that there is a trade‐off relation between strength‐fracture toughness and becomes invariable relation between strength‐impact toughness. The effect of microstructure on the materials toughness is related to the manner of energy consumption, which should be attributed to the notch root radius of the specimen. The coarse carbides and dislocation density inside the martensite lath have distinct effects on the energy for crack initiation (impact toughness) and crack growth (fracture toughness). Additionally, the mechanism of coarse carbides on the tempered martensite embrittlement is elaborated deeply.
Fabrication of a Cu‐Cone‐Shaped Cation Source Inserted Conductive Bridge Random Access Memory and Its Improved Switching Reliability
Authors: Kim Hae Jin , Park Tae Hyung , Yoon Kyung Jean , Seong Won Mo , Jeon Jeong Woo , Kwon Young Jae , Kim Yumin , Kwon Dae Eun , Kim Gil Seop , Ha Tae Jung , Kim Soo Gil , Yoon Jung Ho , Hwang Cheol Seong
Published: January 2019

Conductive bridge random access memory (CBRAM) has been regarded as a promising candidate for the next‐generation nonvolatile memory technology. Even with the great performance of CBRAM, the global generation and overinjection of cations after much repetitive switching cannot be prevented. The overinjection of cations into an electrolyte layer causes high‐resistance‐state resistance (RHRS) degradation, on/off ratio reduction, and eventual switching failure. It also degrades the switching uniformity. In this work, a Cu‐cone‐structure‐embedded TiN/TiO2/Cu cone/TiN device is fabricated to alleviate the problems of Cu‐based CBRAM, mentioned above. The fabrication method of the device, which is useful for laboratory scale experiment, is developed, and its superior switching performance and reliability compared with the conventional planar device. The insertion of the Cu cone structure allows the placement of only a limited amount of cation source in each cell, and the embedded conical structure also concentrates the applied electric field, which enables filament growth control. Furthermore, the concentrated field localizes the resistive switching on the tip area of the cone structure, which makes the effective switching area about tens of nanometers even for the much larger area of the entire electrode (several µm2).
Functionalization of PLLA with Polymer Brushes to Trigger the Assembly of Fibronectin into Nanonetworks
Authors: Sprott Mark Robert , Gallego‐Ferrer Gloria , Dalby Matthew J. , Salmerón‐Sánchez Manuel , Cantini Marco
Published: January 2019

Poly‐l‐lactic acid (PLLA) has been used as a biodegradable polymer for many years; the key characteristics of this polymer make it a versatile and useful resource for regenerative medicine. However, it is not inherently bioactive. Thus, here, a novel process is presented to functionalize PLLA surfaces with poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) brushes to provide biological functionality through PEA's ability to induce spontaneous organization of the extracellular matrix component fibronectin (FN) into physiological‐like nanofibrils. This process allows control of surface biofunctionality while maintaining PLLA bulk properties (i.e., degradation profile, mechanical strength). The new approach is based on surface‐initiated atomic transfer radical polymerization, which achieves a molecularly thin coating of PEA on top of the underlying PLLA. Beside surface characterization via atomic force microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and water contact angle to measure PEA grafting, the biological activity of this surface modification is investigated. PEA brushes trigger FN organization into nanofibrils, which retain their ability to enhance adhesion and differentiation of C2C12 cells. The results demonstrate the potential of this technology to engineer controlled microenvironments to tune cell fate via biologically active surface modification of an otherwise bioinert biodegradable polymer, gaining wide use in tissue engineering applications.
MZI‐Based All‐Optical Modulator Using MXene Ti3C2Tx(T = F, O, or OH) Deposited Microfiber
Authors: Wu Qing , Chen Si , Wang Yunzheng , Wu Leiming , Jiang Xiantao , Zhang Feng , Jin Xinxin , Jiang Quanyu , Zheng Zheng , Li Jianqing , Zhang Meng , Zhang Han
Published: January 2019

As a new class of 2D materials, MXenes have attracted a lot of interest because of their prominent performance in versatile applications, such as batteries, supercapacitors, catalysts, electronics, and optics. In this work, an all‐optical modulator using MXene Ti3C2Txdeposited on a microfiber is proposed. By inserting an MXene‐deposited phase shifter into one arm of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, the MXene Ti3C2Txabsorbs the control light and generates heat, which induces significant refractive index changes through strong light–matter interactions and thermo‐optic effects. In this study, a maximum phase shift of 16π is obtained, and an efficient all‐optical switch with an extinction ratio of more than 18.53 dB and a rise time constant of 4.10 ms are demonstrated. The advantages of this modulator include its all‐fiber content, low cost, ease of integration, and compactness. All‐optical modulators based on thermo‐optical effects will play an active role in the future of optical communications and optical information processing.
Novel Porous Boron Nitride Nanosheet with Carbon Doping: Potential Metal‐Free Photocatalyst for Visible‐Light‐Driven Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Wan Qiang , Wei Fenfei , Ma Zuju , Anpo Masakazu , Lin Sen
Published: January 2019

The band gap of hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) is far too wide for efficiently utilizing visible light, limiting its application in photocatalysis. The present study employs first principles calculations to demonstrate that the band gap energies of porous h‐BN (p‐BN) can be tuned by carbon doping to levels appropriate for the absorption of visible‐light, and that the conduction band and valence band match well with the potentials of both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions. Importantly, a strategy of carbon doping to improve the energy level of valence band maximum is also proposed. Moreover, the carbon‐doped p‐BN exhibits good separation between photogenerated electrons/holes and structural stability at high temperatures. The DFT results help the design of high‐performance two‐dimensional photocatalysts that avoid the use of metals.
Long‐term effect of arsenic exposure: Results from an occupational cohort study
Authors: Gianicolo Emilio Antonio L. , Mangia Cristina , Cervino Marco , Bruni Antonella , Portaluri Maurizio , Comba Pietro , Pirastu Roberta , Biggeri Annibale , Vigotti Mariangela , Blettner Maria
Published: January 2019

Background

In 1976 in Manfredonia (Italy), arsenic was released into the atmosphere due to an accident in a petrochemical plant. We aimed to analyze the mortality of workers involved in the factory for the site cleaning activities.

Methods

The cohort consisted of 1467 workers grouped into contract, fertilizer, and plastic workers. The outcome of interest was mortality for specific causes. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were computed.

Results

For all workers and all causes of death combined, the SMR was less than 1.0. Mortality ratios were increased for malignant neoplasms of the pleura, bone and melanoma of the skin. Contract workers, the group mostly exposed to arsenic, showed statistically significant SMRs for several malignancies, in particular for lung cancer (SMR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.05‐1.54).

Conclusions

Overall, the results reported here on mortality among persons occupationally exposed to arsenic are consistent with the literature and biologically plausible.
Nasal branch of the anterior ethmoid artery: a consistent landmark for a midline approach to the frontal sinus
Authors: Sahu Nivedita , Casiano Roy R.
Published: January 2019

Background

Frontal sinusotomy can be challenging when significant scarring or distorted anatomy is present. Identifying a reliable anatomic structure, when traditional landmarks or navigation are absent, may assist the surgeon in revision and complicated frontal sinusotomies via a midline approach. We aimed to characterize the anatomic relationship of the nasal branch of the anterior ethmoid artery (NBAEA) to the frontal infundibulum, specifically the first olfactory fili, posterior frontal infundibulum, and anterior cribriform plate.

Methods

Dissection of the NBAEA was carried out in 11 cadaveric heads, resulting in a total of 21 dissections (1 aplastic frontal). Mean with standard deviation and a range were established for 7 relative measurements.

Results

The total length of NBAEA cleft when present (mean 2.43 mm), the anterior edge of NBAEA cleft to anterior infundibulum coronal plane (mean 1.71 mm), the posterior edge of NBAEA cleft to posterior infundibulum coronal plane (mean 3.33 mm), the posterior edge of NBAEA cleft to 1st olfactory fili (mean 2.86 mm), and the first olfactory fili to posterior infundibulum coronal plane (mean 0.48 mm) were consistent measurements supporting the use of the NBAEA as a consistent anatomical landmark for the correct surgical coronal trajectory into the midline frontal sinus.

Conclusion

The NBAEA is a consistent anatomic landmark with minimal intercadaveric and intracadaveric variation. It can be used reliably as a “sentinel artery” notifying the surgeon when one is approaching the first olfactory fili, to determine the correct trajectory into the midline frontal sinus.
Influence of a medialized middle turbinate on olfactory function: a prospective randomized double‐blind study
Authors: Kim Sang‐Wook , Kim Rock Bum , Kang Hyunmo , Cho Hyun‐Jin , Joo Yeon‐Hee , Jeon Yung Jin , Jeon Sea‐Yuong
Published: January 2019

Background

Medialization of the middle turbinate (MT) is an effective technique to prevent recurrent rhinosinusitis but could, in theory, reduce olfactory function by interfering the odorants to reach the olfactory mucosae. We performed a prospective randomized double‐blind trial under the hypothesis that olfactory functions would be affected by the status of olfactory mucosae, not by MT medialization.

Methods

In randomly selected sides, the unilateral MT was medialized in 80 patients undergoing bilateral endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. The status of the bilateral olfactory cleft (OC) was photodocumented intraoperatively and categorized into patent (normal or mucosal swelling with discharge) and congested (hypertrophied mucosae or nasal polyps) groups. The butanol threshold test (BTT) was conducted in each nostril before and 6 months after the surgery. Correlation between the BTT scores and MT medialization or the OC status was assessed. No smell identification test was conducted side by side, which might limit clinical implications.

Results

In total, 46 of 80 patients completed the trial. MT medialization was performed on the left and right side of the nose in 19 and 27 cases, respectively. The intraoperative OC status did not differ between the 2 sides. Perioperative changes in the BTT scores were similar between the medialized and intact MT sides, whereas the preoperative and postoperative BTT scores were higher in the patent OC group than in the congested OC group, regardless of side.

Conclusion

MT medialization does not impair olfactory function, and OC status is closely related to olfactory function.
Metabolic patterns and seizure outcomes following anterior temporal lobectomy
Authors: Cahill Varduhi , Sinclair Benjamin , Malpas Charles B. , McIntosh Anne M. , Chen Zhibin , Vivash Lucy E. , O'Shea Marie F. , Wilson Sarah J. , Desmond Patricia M. , Berlangieri Salvatore U. , Hicks Rodney J. , Rowe Christopher C. , Morokoff Andrew P. , King James A. , Fabinyi Gavin C. , Kaye Andrew H. , Kwan Patrick , Berkovic Samuel F. , O'Brien Terence J.
Published: January 2019

Objective

We investigated the relationship between the interictal metabolic patterns, the extent of resection of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18FDG‐PET) hypometabolism, and seizure outcomes in patients with unilateral drug‐resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) following anterior temporal lobe (TL) resection.

Methods

Eighty‐two patients with hippocampal sclerosis or normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, concordant 18FDG‐PET hypometabolism, and at least 2 years of postoperative follow‐up were included in this 2‐center study. The hypometabolic regions in each patient were identified with reference to 20 healthy controls (p < 0.005). The resected TL volume and the volume of resected TL PET hypometabolism (TLH) were calculated from the pre‐ and postoperative MRI scans coregistered with interictal 18FDG‐PET.

Results

Striking differences in metabolic patterns were observed depending on the lateralization of the epileptogenic TL. The extent of the ipsilateral TLH was significantly greater in left MTLE patients (p < 0.001), whereas right MTLE patients had significantly higher rates of contralateral (CTL) TLH (p = 0.016). In right MTLE patients, CTL hypometabolism was the strongest predictor of an unfavorable seizure outcome, associated with a 5‐fold increase in the likelihood of seizure recurrence (odds ratio [OR] = 4.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07–22.39, p = 0.04). In left MTLE patients, greater extent of resection of ipsilateral TLH was associated with lower rates of seizure recurrence (p = 0.004) in univariate analysis; however, its predictive value did not reach statistical significance (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.90–1.02, p = 0.19).

Interpretation

The difference in metabolic patterns depending on the lateralization of MTLE may represent distinct epileptic networks in patients with right versus left MTLE, and can guide preoperative counseling and surgical planning. Ann Neurol 2019; 1–10 ANN NEUROL 2019;85:241–250.