bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Petrography of Sand Tempers in Lapita Potsherds from the Rove Peninsula, Viti Levu, Fiji
Authors: Dickinson William R. , Nunn Patrick D.
Published: November 2024

Seven Lapita sites on the Rove Peninsula of Viti Levu in Fiji or on islets close offshore include the earliest known Lapita site in Fiji at Bourewa. Petrographic study of 53 Rove sherds shows that 95 per cent contain closely related hybrid temper sands (mixed terrigenous and calcareous grains) collected locally from the shores of the ancestral Tuva River estuary and adjacent Vusama paleoisland. Terrigenous detritus was derived from the Wainimala orogen that forms the bedrock of southwest Viti Levu and is exposed throughout the drainage basin of the Tuva River. Skeletal and pelletal (micritic) calcareous detritus was derived from the broad offshore reef fringing the Rove Peninsula. In most Rove sherds, calcareous temper grains have been largely or entirely removed by dissolution to leave vacuoles of sand size and shape that are visible megascopically as tiny pits on sherd surfaces. Tempers of indigenous Rove wares did not vary substantially from site to site on the peninsula or over time during its Lapita occupation. Three sherds containing non-local volcanic sand as temper reflect ceramic transfer of exotic wares during later phases of Rove prehistory from Lapita settlements elsewhere in Fiji, probably on Kadavu and the north coast of Viti Levu.
Late Prehistoric Burial Structures, and a burial possibly associated with 16th century Spanish contact at Pamua, Makira, Southeast Solomon Islands
Authors: Blake Natalie , Gibbs Martin
Published: November 2024

This paper provides an overview of results from surveys and excavations of a series of coral and stone-lined structures at the abandoned village site of Mwanihuki (SB-4-6), located on the island of Makira in the southeast Solomon Islands. It synthesizes data collected from 1971-75 by Green and Kaschko with new data collected by the authors in 2010-11. Preliminary results indicate the majority of the regularly sided coral structures are burial structures containing several different burial types. These are compared to ethnographically and archaeologically recorded examples of burials from adjacent regions. However, an anomalous structure may be associated with the 1595 visit to and possible occupation of the area by Spanish colonists associated with the failed Mendaña expedition.
Re-dating Lapita Movement into Remote Oceania
Authors: Sheppard Peter J. , Chiu Scarlett , Walter Richard
Published: November 2024

Understanding the nature and process of initial Pacific settlement by people carrying the Lapita culture is ultimately founded upon accurate knowledge of the timing and speed of settlement. This paper reports on re-dating of one of the earliest Lapita sites (SE-SZ-8) from Santa Cruz in the Temotu Province of the Solomon Islands on the western margin of Remote Oceania. Our results indicate this site is considerably younger than previously believed and comparison of this result to other early Lapita sites suggests initial settlement of Remote was at not much more than 3000 BP. This would argue for very rapid Lapita settlement of much of the South-western Pacific.
Location, location, location: A viewshed analysis of heiau spatial and temporal relationships in leeward Kohala, Hawai‘i
Authors: Phillips Natasha , Ladefoged Thegn N , McPhee Blair W , Asner Gregory P
Published: November 2024

Late pre-European contact Hawaiian society was agriculturally based with visible religious structures acting to legitimise and reinforce elite control and management of subsistence and surplus production. The dynamic materialization of elite management of agricultural production has been documented in the leeward Kohala field system (LKFS) by analysing the spatial distribution of agricultural alignments, trails, and the division and realignment of traditional community-based land units (ahupua‘a). Additional studies have documented the spatial expressions and significance of religious structures (heiau) in the area in relation to these land-units.  In this analysis we build on these previous studies to investigate the inter-visibility of heiau. We document shifts in the construction of heiau with decreases in the number of structures through time and concomitant increases in size and total viewshed breadth.  Newly constructed heiau were built to command large viewsheds while taking into account the location and views of pre-existing religious features. These changing patterns reflect ideological shifts and the materialization of production management instrumental in chiefly and religious control.
The Massim Region of Papua New Guinea: A review and proposed chronology
Authors: Shaw Ben
Published: November 2024

The Massim region is an anthropologically defined cultural area that encompasses the eastern tip of the New Guinea mainland and the adjacent offshore islands. The cultural identities and social organisation of the Massim inhabitants have been the focus of international attention amongst anthropologists since the beginning of colonial pacification in the mid-late 19th Century. Archaeologically, however, the Massim islands have not been as well represented. To clarify the place of the Massim islands in Pacific Island prehistory, this paper consolidates and reviews the archaeological work that has been undertaken in the region. By doing so, a revised chronology for the Massim is put forth, as well as several interpretive themes aimed at facilitating further archaeological research in the region.
Exploring Lapita diversity on New Britain’s south coast, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Specht Jim , Gosden Chris , Pavlides Christina , Richards Zoe , Summerhayes Glenn
Published: November 2024

Variability in material culture at Lapita pottery sites has long been recognised, but is rarely discussed. Here we explore differences between two Lapita sites on Apugi Island near Kandrian and two in the Arawe Islands on the south side of New Britain, Papua New Guinea. In the Arawes, the Apalo and Makekur sites have rich assemblages with shell fishhooks, and coral and shell discs similar to those found in Lapita and later contexts across Oceania. In contrast, the less rich assemblages of the Rapie/Iangpun and Auraruo sites on Apugi Island lack similar fishhooks or discs. Three possible explanations for these differences are discussed: sample bias, environmental constraints, and cultural factors. While each may have contributed to some degree, we propose two scenarios involving cultural choices for further consideration: the selective uptake and transfer of new ideas between communities, and contrasting site functions between central places for ritual or trading activities (Arawes) versus unspecialised residential locales (Kandrian).
Ruisasi 1 and the Earliest Evidence of Mass-produced Ceramics in Caution Bay (Port Moresby Region), Papua New Guinea
Authors: David Bruno , Jones-Amin Holly , Richards Thomas , Mialanes Jerome , Asmussen Brit , Petchey Fiona , Alpin Ken , Leavesley Matthew , McNiven Ian J. , Zetzmann Camille , Rowe Cassandra , Skelly Robert , Jenkins Robyn , Faulkner Patrick , Ulm Sean
Published: November 2024

The history of pottery use along the south coast of Papua New Guinea spans from Lapita times, here dated to 2900–2600 cal BP, through to mass production of pottery associated with a number of ethnographically-known interaction (and exchange) networks. Understanding the antecedents and developmental histories of these interaction networks is of considerable importance to archaeological research from local to western Pacific geographical scales. The archaeological site of Ruisasi 1 located at Caution Bay near Port Moresby provides new insights into scales of pottery production before the development of the regional Motu hiri exchange system within the past 500 years. Here faunal remains indicate occupation by marine specialists who exploited a diverse range of local marine environments. Nearly 20,000 ceramic sherds are present in Square A, mostly from a 26 cm thick ‘pottery midden’. A minimum of 45 red slip/plainware vessels based on conjoined sets of sherds plus two vessels with incised decoration are present; the maximum number of clay vessels based on Fabric Types is 146. The globular red slip/plainware pots have standardised shapes and sizes, consistent with mass pottery production. The concentration of sherds from these pots within the pottery midden reflects shortduration depositional events within the period of village life c. 1680–1180 cal BP. Whether or not the pots were made locally or imported is the subject of ongoing research. Whatever the case, Ruisasi 1 raises the possibility of mass pottery production linked to a regional interaction network pre-dating the hiri.
Archaeology and World Heritage in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Lilley Ian
Published: November 2024

A decade ago, Herman Mandui asked ‘who will take responsibility for management of the Papua New Guinea’s cultural heritage?’ At a time when the nation is contemplating additions to its World Heritage portfolio, Herman’s question remains as urgent as ever. PNG currently has a single World Heritage property, the Kuk archaeological site near Mount Hagen. The nation is struggling to protect Kuk’s World Heritage values. Possible additions to PNG’s World Heritage portfolio that are being strongly supported by international players may face similar problems when foreign support dries up.
Finding Meaning and Identity in New Zealand Buildings Archaeology: The Example of ‘Parihaka’ House, Dunedin
Authors: Petchey Peter , Brosnahan Sean
Published: November 2024

In 2015 a wooden two-storey 1880 villa in Dunedin, New Zealand, was examined and recorded prior to demolition. While unremarkable from the street, due to its very visible location on a steep hillside it was effectively built with two frontages, as the rear wall repeated the architectural features of the front wall. This ‘double-fronted villa’ design was a notable adaptation to ensure public respectability. However, further investigation of the building revealed a fanlight above the front door that had been covered over in the 1940s, and this was signwritten with the original name of the house: ‘Parihaka.’ Parihaka is a small settlement in Taranaki, and is nationally significant as the location of Maori passive resistance to the land confiscation policies of the Colonial Authorities in the late nineteenth century. The original Irish owners of the house were showing their solidarity with the Maori land protestors in a very public way. The buildings archaeology of this small villa has therefore exposed prima facie evidence of apparently contradictory efforts to both achieve respectability and to oppose the establishment. This example is used to explore the potential for both buildings archaeology and the archaeology of identity in New Zealand, and the tensions and contradictions that can arise from this combined study.
The Tawhiao Cottage and the Archaeology of Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Campbell Matthew
Published: November 2024

On his return from internal exile Tawhiao, the second Maori king, had a cottage built in the 1890s on land owned by his family in Mangere, South Auckland. While it isn’t clear that Tahwiao ever stayed there, other members of the kahui ariki (royal family) are known to have done so, and it is known that the cottage had a Maori housekeeper. The cottage passed out of Maori ownership in 1925 but continued to be rented to Maori until 1947 when the then landowners built a new house at the front of the property. By the time of our investigation in 2012 the cottage was dilapidated, but was removed to Council owned land and ‘restored.’ Our investigations showed what was, in many ways, typical of the archaeology of a South Auckland cottage of its type and time. This paper examines what there was in the archaeology that might be related to the distinctive culture of its Maori inhabitants, particularly the midden beneath the cottage and evidence of hakari (feasting).
Colonisation and Late Period Faunal Assemblages from Ofu Island, American Samoa
Authors: Weisler Marshall I. , Lambrides Ariana B.J. , Quintus Seth , Clark Jeffrey , Worthy Trevor
Published: November 2024

The identification and analysis of 1583 bones from colonisation (~2700 cal BP) to late period (post-800 cal BP) cultural layers from archaeological site AS-13-41 on Ofu Island, American Samoa are reported. The assemblage is dominated by fish (~91 per cent; NISP = 1435, MNI = 162) with bones of human, Green Sea Turtle, sea birds (shearwaters and petrels) and a terrestrial bird (Buff-Banded Rail), as well as the commensals Pacific Rat, chicken (Red Junglefowl) and pig. We report here the first prehistoric records of Pacific Flying Fox (Pteropus tonganus) and the endemic Tooth-Billed Pigeon (Manumea, Didunculus strigirostris) from colonisation layers and two pelagic fish species only recorded from late prehistoric deposits: Mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) and flying fish (Exocoetidae). These and numerous genus-level fish identifications of surgeonfish (Acanthuridae), squirrelfish and soldierfish (Holocentridae), snapper (Lutjanidae) and parrotfish (Scaridae) are additional new fish records for Samoan prehistory reflecting the breath of the fish reference collection as well as the practice of using all fish bones for identification; ~37 per cent of bones were assigned to family. Colonisation period deposits are characterised by greater quantities of fish, turtle and bird bones, declining towards later prehistory signalling the likely effects of human predation and an increasing emphasis towards agricultural production.
Pacific Prehistory and Theories of Origins in the Work of Reverend William Ellis
Authors: Haddow Eve
Published: November 2024

The involvement of Christian missionaries in the development of Pacific archaeology often remains on the fringes of the discipline’s history. This paper aims to contribute to this area of research by exploring the ideas, methods and legacy of one missionary theorist: Reverend William Ellis (1794–1872). Through an exploration of Ellis’s work in Polynesia, specific focus will be directed to the ways in which he read interpretations of Pacific prehistory in material culture, linguistics, oral traditions and island landscapes. Ellis’s theories attracted interest from eminent individuals such as Charles Darwin and John Dunmore Lang, creating a complex network of knowledge exchange between missionaries, Pacific Islanders and armchair ethnographers. The involvement of missionaries in early ethnology arguably forms an integral part of the foundations of Pacific archaeology. Investigating and analysing the content and context of work by those such as Ellis has value for understanding the development of the discipline.
How Dare Our ‘Prehistoric’ Have a Prehistory of Their Own?! The interplay of historical and biographical contexts in early French archaeology of the Pacific
Authors: Dotte-Sarout Emilie
Published: November 2024

At the turn of the 19th and 20th century, France was securing its presence as a colonial power in the Pacific. Some of the early French settlers quickly began to take notice of relics: petroglyphs, monumental buildings, buried ceramics and human remains were those most commented upon. A rich and sometimes surprisingly detailed literature appears, describing these objects and their antiquity. In the interpretations proposed, a recurrent theme emerges: the apparent need to appeal to waves of migrations or cataclysms to explain traces of a prehistory and ancient ‘civilisations’ where ‘primitive’ people now live – even more so in the so-called region of Melanesia. In this paper, the ideas of three principal authors in the early archaeology of the region are presented: Gustave Glaumont, Marius Archambault and Jean-Baptiste Suas. The ways these authors conceptualised the past of the islands will be discussed in light of the complex relations between their own biographical histories and the intellectual context of the time. It appears that the colliding of the paradigms developed in the new field of prehistory on the one side and in regards to representation of Pacific peoples on the other side created a somewhat confusing intellectual situation for the first archaeologists of Melanesia.
Thomas G. Thrum and John F.G. Stokes: Australian archaeologists in paradise in the early twentieth century
Authors: Spriggs Matthew
Published: November 2024

Thomas George Thrum (1842–1932) and John Francis Gray Stokes (1875–1960) were both born in Newcastle, New South Wales but spent most of their adult lives in Hawaii with long associations with the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum. Thrum came to Hawaii in 1853 and in later life published details of over 500 Hawaiian heiau (temples). His first specifically archaeological paper was published in 1900. Stokes came to Hawaii in 1899 to work for the Bishop Museum’s Director, William T. Brigham, and for many years his position was as a museum ethnologist, carrying out archaeological surveys and studying material culture. After Brigham retired, Stokes was never in favour with the new Director Herbert E. Gregory. He was let go by the Museum in 1929. In Stokes’s own view he had an ‘unmade reputation’. But his own contribution to Thrum’s status as the ‘Dean of Hawaiian Antiquarians’ has been misunderstood, which is why in part his significance as Hawaii’s first professional archaeologist has been underestimated.
From Pessimism to Collaboration: The German Frobenius-Expedition (1938–1939) to Australia and the representation of Kimberley art and rock art
Authors: Porr Martin , Doohan Kim
Published: November 2024

In 1938 and 1939 the Institut für Kulturmorphologie, based in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, conducted an ethnographic expedition into the remote Kimberley in Western Australia. Despite some earlier activities and publications, this expedition represents the first dedicated effort to conduct detailed and extensive ethnographic work in the region. It was also the first endeavour to specifically focus on the recording of rock art images and related ethnographic information. Over the last decades, the importance of this expedition, the respective publications and the related collections in Germany and Australia have been repeatedly recognised, particularly in relation to the perception and understanding of Kimberley rock art. However, systematic and collaborative community-based research has not been conducted. Therefore, the collection and the related ethnographic information have not been properly assessed and have even been misrepresented. Recent collaborative efforts between the relevant Aboriginal Wandjina Wunggurr communities and researchers in Australia and Germany have allowed entering a new phase in the engagement with these materials with valuable academic and non-academic outcomes. In this paper, we provide some preliminary critical and contextual assessments of the literature that is related to this expedition and how it represented and conceptualised Aboriginal art and rock art.
‘The Dawn’ of Australian Archaeology: John Mulvaney at Fromm’s Landing
Authors: Griffiths Billy
Published: November 2024

When Vere Gordon Childe returned to Australia in 1957 after thirty-six years abroad, he despaired at the lack of research into Australia’s Aboriginal past. Australian archaeology was the domain of curators and stone tool collectors whose work was embedded in evolutionary assumptions and questionable practices. In the final weeks of his life, on 16 September 1957, Childe met and befriended the historian and archaeologist John Mulvaney. This paper draws on their brief encounters to reflect on the state of archaeology in Australia in the 1950s, immediately before the boom in archaeological research in the 1960s that revolutionised the conventional narrative of Australian history. Through a close reading of the early years of Mulvaney’s career it argues that the excavations at Fromm’s Landing from 1956 to 1963 acted as a catalyst for research and marked the dawn of a new era for Australian Aboriginal archaeology. The excavation involved women and men, historians and archaeologists, teachers and students, and it produced the artefacts that underpinned Mulvaney’s landmark 1961 article, where he reviewed existing research and posed the large, continental questions that would dominate the next decade of archaeological investigation.
Late Pleistocene Colonisation of the Eastern New Guinea Islands? The Potential Implications of Robust Waisted Stone Tool Finds from Rossel Island on the Long Term Settlement Dynamics in the Massim Region
Authors: Shaw Ben
Published: November 2024

Robust waisted stone tools were recently discovered on Rossel Island, the easternmost island in the Massim region of eastern Papua New Guinea. These are the first waisted tools to have been found in the Massim, but they are otherwise known from Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene contexts in New Guinea and Australia, two of the major landmasses which comprised the Sahul supercontinent. The Rossel tools are described and compared to other waisted assemblages from across Sahul, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands, with the morphological and technological attributes of the Rossel assemblage similar to some of the earliest comparative examples. Although undated, it is suggested that the waisted tools from Rossel Island belong to a previously undocumented Late Pleistocene stone tool tradition in the Massim, at a time when many of the islands were much larger or formed a continuation of the New Guinea mainland. The implications of a potential Late Pleistocene time depth for the colonisation of the Massim islands are discussed.
A Review of Archaeological Māori Canoes (Waka) Reveals Changes in Sailing Technology and Maritime Communications in Aotearoa/New Zealand, AD 1300–1800
Authors: Irwin Geoffrey , Johns Dilys , Flay Richard G.J. , Munaro Filippo , Sung Yun , Mackrell Tim
Published: November 2024

We compare ethnological views of Māori canoes (waka) of the first colonisation period with those of the European contact period, and then describe diverse archaeological waka from the interim period. The aim is to reconstruct basic design elements of whole canoes and to suggest their relative ages. Variations in form relate to differences in sailing ability and we refer to scientific performance testing of a range of model canoe hulls and sails. We find that through time technological change in waka correspond to other changes in New Zealand archaeology including demographic and social shifts, and the contraction of interaction spheres. The first canoe-builders in New Zealand adjusted to a new environment. The country became isolated within East Polynesia, but there were widespread communications and capable sailing canoes on the New Zealand coast. Through time, with a shift from multihulls to monohulls and changes in hull form, we see a general decline in the sailing performance of canoes and the development of new types more suited to paddling and downwind sailing. However, notwithstanding this trend, outrigger canoes which could sail well persisted into late pre-European times in both the north and south of the country.
Ancient DNA evidence for the introduction and dispersal of dogs in New Zealand
Authors: Greig Karen , Boocock James , Allen Melinda S. , Walter Richard , Matisoo-Smith Elizabeth
Published: November 2024

When people first arrived in New Zealand around 700 years ago, they brought their dogs (Canis familiaris) with them. To investigate the introduction and dispersal of dogs across the country we generated twenty-three new complete, or nearly complete, mitogenomes from ancient DNA from dog teeth sampled from four early archaeological sites in New Zealand and from one archaeological site in the southern Cook Islands. When considered together with fourteen previously reported mitogenomes from the New Zealand colonisation era site of Wairau Bar these sequences reveal a striking lack of mitochondrial genetic diversity in early New Zealand dogs. Our analysis shows that a group of closely-related dogs were brought to New Zealand, probably from an East Polynesian source population, and that these dogs and their offspring were widely dispersed throughout the country during the colonisation process. This pattern is consistent with the current model of rapid colonisation of New Zealand undertaken by highly mobile groups of people.
Archaeological Reconnaissance and the First Radiocarbon Dates From Simbo Island, Western Province, Solomon Islands
Authors: Haas Hannah , Braje Todd J. , Lauer Matthew , Fitzpatrick Scott M. , Kiko Lawrence , Ale'eke Grinta
Published: November 2024

Recent archaeological fieldwork on the island of Simbo in the Western Province of the Solomon Islands has identified several new prehistoric sites. Here, we present the results of our research along with the first radiocarbon dates from Simbo. These dates and associated ceramic sherds provide a chronological and stylistic link to other islands with post-Lapita pottery and is an important step for understanding the human occupational history of the island, as well as filling a data gap in the Western Solomons.
Excavations at Kahukura, Murihiku
Authors: Walter Richard , Brooks Emma , Greig Karen , Hurford Jessie
Published: November 2024

Archaeological data from coastal village sites are critical to our understanding of culture change in southern New Zealand. Here we report on excavations from Kahukura (G47/128), a sedentary coastal village occupied around the time of the cessation of moa-hunting. Results document an attempt to continue the sedentary village way of life in an environment of increasing isolation from long-distance exchange networks. Imported stone resources are scarce, and there is a trend away from terrestrial hunting and a specialisation in intensive local exploitation strategies. Excavations at Kahukura have resulted in a reinterpretation of the influential ‘transient village’ and ‘resource network’ models of culture change in southern New Zealand. We show that after the abandonment of transient villages, changes in settlement patterns, mobility and subsistence were not as abrupt as either model has suggested.
A plant microfossil and parasite record from Taranaki, New Zealand reveals Māori translocations and intestinal parasites
Authors: Horrocks Mark , Gibb Russell , Bickler Simon , Presswell Bronwen
Published: November 2024

The study of Māori agriculture in New Zealand has been hindered by lack of direct evidence, i.e., plant remains. While combined microfossil (pollen, phytoliths, and starch) studies are showing promise, many regions, including the North Island’s west coast, have received little attention. Here we address these hindrances with microfossil analysis of archaeological substrates at Pohokura in one such region, Taranaki, to shed light on local Māori activity. Results are similar to previous pre-contact studies from other regions, showing large scale landscape disturbance by people, gastrointestinal parasites, and agricultural activity with the discovery of remains of the Māori introduced cultigens cf. Colocasia esculenta, Cordyline cf. fruticosa, and cf. Ipomoea batatas. Given the highly variable production and preservation of different plant and animal tissues, the study also illustrates the value of combining the three different types of analyses for the study of ancient human activity. The addition of parasitological analysis, in this case identifying eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and Toxocara canis, parasites that would have adversely affected local people and their dogs, extends the combined approach to the realm of helminthiasis. Assuming dating correlation is correct, this represents the first firm report of pre-European A. lumbricoides eggs in Oceania.
Spectacle and Concealment at Auckland’s Colonial Prisons
Authors: Bickler Simon , Best Simon
Published: November 2024

Archaeological excavations at Queen Street Gaol and Mount Eden Prison in central Auckland, New Zealand revealed architectural and artefactual evidence shedding light on penal practices in the colony of New Zealand. The Queen Street Gaol, established in 1841 on the outskirts of the growing Auckland settlement, served as a showcase of the colony’s power, featuring public displays of punishment such as stocks and hangings. In the latter half of the 19th century, Mount Eden Prison was constructed to replace the outdated Queen Street Gaol, relocating it two kilometres away to the city’s periphery. Our analysis of the architectural and archaeological evidence shows how this shift hid the social punishment aspect, pushing criminals away from city life, but how it maintained a visually striking façade that advertised state-inflicted consequences. As the city expanded during the 20th century, Mount Eden Prison found itself surrounded by urban development, leading to the decommissioning of the Victorian-era radial prison and the construction of high-rise security units, which now camouflaged the penal function of these institutions. Our analysis demonstrates how the standing structures and sub-surface evidence at these sites reflect the changing attitudes towards social reform and the evolving landscape of punishment in Auckland.
LOS ESTILOS DE CRIANZA Y SU EFECTIVIDAD EN LOS COMPORTAMIENTOS EN EL INFANTE
Authors: Moreira Yépez Nathaly Scarlett , Segarra Mendoza Rosa , Peralta Castro Josselyne Doménica
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo analiza en profundidad la influencia de los estilos de crianza en el comportamiento infantil, destacando cuatro categorías principales: autoritario, permisivo, negligente y democrático. Se examina cómo cada estilo impacta significativamente en el desarrollo emocional, social y cognitivo de los niños, subrayando la importancia de un equilibrio adecuado entre disciplina y afecto. Mediante una metodología cuantitativa basada en encuestas aplicadas a una muestra representativa de padres, se revela una amplia variedad de percepciones y efectividades asociadas a cada estilo de crianza. Los resultados indican que los estilos autoritarios, caracterizados por un alto nivel de control y expectativas estrictas, pueden fomentar la obediencia y disciplina, pero a menudo a costa de la autoestima y el bienestar emocional de los niños. En contraste, los estilos permisivos, que se centran en la indulgencia y la falta de restricciones, tienden a promover la autoexpresión y creatividad, aunque pueden resultar en problemas de comportamiento y dificultades para respetar límites. Los estilos negligentes, definidos por una baja implicación y supervisión parental, se asocian con resultados adversos significativos, como problemas de conducta y bajo rendimiento académico.
LOS VALORES DE LOS MAESTROS HUELLA DE LAS UNIVERSIDADES DEL ECUADOR: RELATOS DE VIDA DE PEDRO HUMBERTO VARGAS
Authors: Morán Vásquez Ruth Ericka , Muñoz Feraud Ingrid Liz , Mendieta Toledo Patricia Argentina , Mendieta Toledo Sony Ranses
Published: November 2024

El objetivo de investigación fue comprender los relatos biográficos de docentes de la universidad ecuatoriana, sus narrativas vitales y profesionales en relación con el vínculo existente entre valores, ética, moral y enseñanza en Educación Superior. Fue un estudio cualitativo interpretativo con enfoque en los relatos biográfico y autobiográficos, se utilizaron las técnicas de la encuesta con el instrumento de cuestionario; además, la técnica de la entrevista con el instrumento del guion semiestructurado; se sistematizaron los datos desde la herramienta ATLAS.ti versión 23, se realizó un entramado rizomático o redes rizomáticas y se interpretó el objeto. Se tomaron en cuenta criterios de inclusión, se envió un consentimiento informado por escrito a los profesores seleccionados. Los resultados mencionaron al doctor Pedro Humberto Vargas como Maestro Huella. Las conclusiones fueron que, encontramos un Maestro Huella que transmite valores a sus estudiantes; que la solidaridad, se arraiga desde los años mozos y que esta es parte de la constitución de la persona; el profesor Vargas camina los territorios otros y va al encuentro de sus estudiantes sin descuidar su mismidad.
LA FAMILIA EN LA CONSTITUCIÓN DE LA ÉTICA DE LOS MAESTROS HUELLA DE LAS UNIVERSIDADES DEL ECUADOR: RELATOS BIOGRÁFICOS Y AUTOBIOGRÁFICOS DE LADY SOTO
Authors: Mariscal Touzard Laura Iliana , Mendieta Toledo Lenin Byron , Chamba Zambrano John Marcelo , Brito Gaona Luis Felipe
Published: November 2024

El estudio versa en los relatos de vida de docentes universitarios y su objetivo fue el de comprender los relatos biográficos de docentes de la Universidad ecuatoriana, sus narrativas vitales y profesionales en relación con el vínculo existente entre valores, ética, moral y enseñanza en Educación Superior. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa interpretativa con énfasis en las narrativas biográficas y autobiográficas, se emplearon las técnicas de la encuesta, entrevista e interpretación hermenéutica con sus instrumentos correspondientes, se empleó la herramienta ATLAS.ti para sistematizar y codificar la información; además, se manejaron criterios de inclusión y consentimiento informado por escrito. las conclusiones más relevantes fueron que, la familia es la base en que se sujeta una sociedad en valores, la Maestro Huella Lady Soto, es una mujer llena de virtudes como persona y profesional que creció con su madre y abuelos, estos últimos son fundamentales en la crianza de los niños, todo esto bajo la estela de un sistema matriarcal; también, la ética es una virtud que entrama la conciencia del ser con la vida misma y con el mundo.
LA INVESTIGACIÓN AUTOBIOGRÁFICA-NARRATIVA EN LA EDUCACIÓN LATINOAMERICANA. VOCES DE ORO Y BARRO DE MUJERES DOCENTES CALDEREÑAS-SALTEÑAS: NARRATIVAS EN UMBRALES DESCOLONIALES
Authors: Gerónimo Inocencia , Aguirre Jonathan , De Laurentis Claudia
Published: November 2024

Este concierto guarda relación con la tesis denominada “Voces de oro y barro en la historia de la educación argentina. Narrativas descoloniales e insurgentes de mujeres docentes de La Caldera, provincia de Salta, en la segunda mitad del siglo XX”, en el marco del Doctorado en Educación -Programa Específico de Formación en Investigación Narrativa Auto-Biográfica en Educación- de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario. La obra invita comprender umbrales entre la perspectiva narrativa, biográfico y autobiográfica con presencia del pensamiento descolonial, donde las protagonistas son mujeres docentes en voces de oro y barro que emprendieron su labor docente en escuelas públicas rurales y que, a pesar de la dureza del patriarcado y patronazgo salteño, surcaron y sembraron manifestaciones y saberes descoloniales. Las voces se entraman en la fortaleza de la experiencia al relato amasado en el barro. Este concierto se compone de umbrales que teje sus redes de un modo poiético y constituye una vibración simbólica donde confluyen y se articulan una trama de sentidos propios.
LA PLASTICIDAD NEURONAL EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA AUTONOMÍA E INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL EN EL INFANTE
Authors: Irrazabal Bohorquez Alexandra , Keyko Lilibeth Aguiño González , Correa Zuloaga Marcela
Published: November 2024

El propósito de este artículo es proporcionar datos relacionados con estas habilidades que configuran el proceso y el crecimiento infantil. Si bien se observa un progreso general en diversas áreas, como la interacción social, la obediencia a órdenes y la participación en tareas domésticas, también se identifican áreas que requieren mayor atención y refuerzo, especialmente en habilidades cognitivas, entre estas que están asociadas a las destrezas sociales más abstractas como las nociones temporales y la expresión de ideas complejas. Este estudio se basó en el método de investigación documental, es un estudio retrospectivo de metodología cuantitativa, con su diseños descriptivo y observacional indirecto. Asimismo, se recurrió a estudios de otros autores que se alinean con esta investigación, encontrándose que, respecto a las habilidades cognitivas en el trabajo 1 (64%), trabajo 2 (50%) y trabajo 3 (70%) muestran que los objetivos de aprendizaje están bien definidos y son relevantes para el desarrollo cognitivo. En cuanto a las habilidades básicas de desarrollo, se observó que en el trabajo 1(100%), trabajo 2 (83%) y trabajo 3 (61%), donde algunos niños aun poseen dificultad para ubicarse en tiempo y espacio.
DISEÑO UNIVERSAL DEL APRENDIZAJE (DUA) EN EDUCACIÓN INICIAL
Authors: Andrade Pallashco Cinthya Gisella , Ruíz Rámirez Alicia , Avilés Salazar Alba Jacqueline
Published: November 2024

El Diseño Universal de Aprendizaje (DUA) es un enfoque flexible y adaptable que busca promover la inclusión para todos los estudiantes con capacidades diversas, diferencias individuales o estilos de aprendizaje específicos, integrándolo desde edades tempranas, ya que, la educación inicial es el primer nivel del sistema educativo en donde se forma la base sólida de su desarrollo físico, emocional, cognitivo y social. Tomando en cuenta esto, en el siguiente artículo se plantea el concepto de diferentes autores, la importancia de la implementación del DUA en educación inicial, se describe sus principios y pautas para una mejor ayuda en la representación, expresión y compromiso para que los docentes puedan diseñar nuevas estrategias por lo que es crucial la aplicación de la inclusión desde temprana edad, tanto para los niños como para los docentes. El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar la problemática que existen acerca del DUA en las siguientes instituciones: “Francisco Huerta Rendón” con una población de 124 niños, 4 docentes y 124 representantes; en “PIONEROS” con una población de 7 participantes; y en CEIP “O Pombal” con una población de 25 participantes. Se llevó a cabo un enfoque mixto,
Preservation of organisational memory at the National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe
Authors: Thandolwenkosi Nyathi , Chabikwa Samuel , Ngulube Patrick
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – The study aimed to assess the memory preservation practices at NUST. It sought to identify the records and information sources that made up organisational memory, determine their state of preservation, establish the policies for that preservation, and suggest best practices.Methodology – The study was qualitative, and a case study design was utilised. Data collection utilised semi-structured interviews and document analysis to gather qualitative data. The study purposively sampled 14 participants from a total population frame of 82. Data was analysed thematically.Findings – The study's main findings showed that organisational memory records are not recognised as such, nor are their importance acknowledged in the university's survival. Organisational memory continues to be neglected and destroyed because of inadequate information management systems, a lack of knowledge about how to preserve it, and the lack of implementation of a records management policy implies that NUST’s organisational memory is managed without reference to standards and best practice benchmarks.Implications – The study offers best practices for documenting, protecting, and strengthening organisational memory, as well as for creating, putting into practice, and disseminating a preservation policy.Originality – The study adds to the body of knowledge on the preservation of organisational memory in state universities in Zimbabwe and emphasises the relationship between competitive advantage, records management, memory preservation, and governance.
Teaching information literacy in Nigerian universities using advanced technologies
Authors: Tella Adeyinka
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – The study examined the use of advanced technologies in teaching information literacy in Nigerian universities. The specific objectives of the study were to identify the old methods of teaching information literacy in the Nigerian universities; identity the old contents and the new ones to be added; determine the advanced technologies that are used or that will be used to teach information literacy; identify the challenges associated with using new methods introduced due to the advancement in technology or the emergence of the fourth industrial era; and determine the way forward to teaching information literacy in the future.Methodology – The study adopted a qualitative approach. Five universities in Nigeria were purposively sampled for the study. Observations, document analysis, and a review of the literature were conducted. The curriculum for information literacy courses and library instructions in Nigerian universities were reviewed. This was to determine the old contents and methods used to teach them and the new ones through a review of recent literature on the most recent technological advancement currently influencing the information literacy teaching methods in universities.Findings – The findings revealed that the traditional face-to-face teaching method is the most common method used by most universities in Nigeria to teach information literacy instruction. It is currently complemented by technological tools such as tablets and Google classroom. Power failure, inadequate access to laptops, tablets, and Android phones, and inadequate funding are challenges associated with using advanced technology to teach information literacy.Implications – The findings of this study can be used to improve the impact of information literacy programmes in academic libraries in Nigeria, the sub-Saharan Africa and beyond using advanced technologies.Originality – This is an original study which explores modernised approaches to teaching information literacy in academic libraries in Nigeria.
A review of the status of e-government implementation in Kenya
Authors: Nderitu Imbamba Esther , Kimile Nancy
Published: November 2024

Abstract Rationale of Study – Successful implementation of today’s government operations requires effective policy making and system monitoring through relevant data and information. E-government offers an increased portfolio of public services in a cost-effective and efficient manner hence enabling governments to reinvent the ways through which they interact with citizens, private sector, employees and other stakeholders. Consequently, many countries have invested significant resources into collecting, processing, integrating, analysing and reporting data through information and communication technologies (ICTs). The aim of this paper is to review the status of e-government implementation in Kenya.Methodology – In order to measure the status of e-government, two indexes were used: 1) E-government Development Index (EGDI); and 2) Network Readiness Index (NRI). The study adopted a theoretical approach by conducting a review of literature on e-government in Kenya. Fit-Viability theory was used to assess the capacity of the Government of Kenya to roll out viable e-services to its citizens.Findings – The findings indicate that Kenya has made significant progress in e-government implementation. The benefits of e-government implementation in Kenya currently include enhanced e-participation, accountability, planning, monitoring and information sharing. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, policy and human capital development hamper the effectiveness of e-government projects in Kenya. These challenges may be surmounted through increased digital inclusivity, enhanced broadband connectivity, strengthened staff ICT skills and openness to new technologies.Implications – The findings of this study may be used by the Government of Kenya to plan, roll out and monitor e-government projects with a view to enhancing their success and impact.Originality – A number of studies on e-government in Kenya exist. Their focus has been on the factors affecting the effective implementation of e-government in Kenya. Periodical assessment of the status of the projects is lacking. This study seeks to fill this gap.
Accessibility and use of electronic resources for digital reference services among university libraries in southern Nigeria
Authors: Edwin Iroroeavwo Achugbue , Edogiawerie Samuel , Omorodio Emeke Emmanuel , Adaeze Chioma Azih
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – The study examined the accessibility and use of electronic resources for digital reference services among university libraries in Southern Nigeria.Methodology – The study adopted a correlational descriptive survey approach to interview 234 librarians who work in both public and private university libraries in southern Nigeria.Findings – The study established that the available e-resources in university libraries in Southern Nigeria are e-books, e-journals, e-maps and databases and are extensively used for digital reference services in university libraries in Southern Nigeria. However, there are challenges emanating from low ICT literacy skills among librarians.Implications – According to the study's findings, university library management, should set up a committee to look at the electronic resources that are appropriate for digital reference services and use that information as a benchmark for assessing the current electronic resources in order to identify those that are not currently available in university libraries but could provide potential solutions for digital reference services. Additionally, university library administration should regularly assess the digital reference services given in their libraries to determine the usage of electronic resources to enhance what university libraries offer.Originality – The research has phenomenal significance because it has provided circumstantial information on the accessibility and use of electronic resources for digital reference services among university libraries in Southern Nigeria.
Human capital management information system: scope of application and challenges facing the public sector in Tanzania
Authors: Hadija Matimbwa Hadija Matimbwa , Olatokun Wole
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – Human Capital Management Information Systems (HCMIS) play a crucial role in facilitating decision-making within Human Resources Management by providing fast, accurate, and comprehensive data. To understand the landscape of HCMIS implementation and challenges within the public sector of Tanzania, this study conducted a systematic review of policies, legislation, and scientific literature.Methodology – The study assessed the extent of HCMIS utilisation in the Tanzanian public sector and examined associated challenges using the task-technology fit model. To analyse the gathered data, a systematic qualitative synthesis employing nomothetic-based content analysis was used.Findings – The analysis revealed that HCMIS usage in the public sector primarily focused on payroll management, with additional applications in employee information management, recruitment and selection, performance management, training and development, benefits administration, analytics and reporting, and succession planning. The five key challenges hindering HCMIS applications were also identified.Implications – The study recommends expanding the scope of HCMIS applications, improving interdepartmental coordination, ensuring adequate and consistent budget allocation for the acquisition of HCMIS accessories by Ministries, Departments, and Local Government Authorities (MDAs and LGAs), fostering greater support from top management to enhance HCMIS operations, and revising ICT and HR programme curricula in higher educational institutions to incorporate specialised courses in HCMIS operations.Originality – This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive examination of HCMIS implementation and challenges within the Tanzanian public sector. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and academia