bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os sistemas da filosofia moderna
Authors: Pinto Matheus Gomes Reis
Published: July 2019

A tradução que se segue diz respeito à primeira parte do texto de Antonio Rosmini-Serbati (1797-1855), intitulado Breve schizzo dei sistemi di Filosofia Moderna e del proprio sistema (publicado postumamente em 1913 e 1942), em que o autor apresenta sete filósofos que representam, segundo sua concepção, os sistemas filosóficos relevantes do período moderno, em especial do século XVIII. Contudo, ainda que o elenco de filósofos e seus sistemas apresentem uma aparente ordem cronológica, nota-se antes uma linha expositiva apoiada sob um desenvolvimento conceitual e sistemático, onde cada filósofo aqui exposto apresenta um progresso, do ponto de vista do autor, com relação a seus predecessores. Desse modo, o texto tem início por uma breve caracterização do pensamento de Locke, desenvolvendo-se em sistemas filosóficos como de Condillac, Berkeley, Hume, Reid, Kant, e, por fim, com a proposta filosófica de Fichte.
A study of black slavery in the first tome of the Thesaurus Indicus by Diego de Avendaño (1594-1698): is he a theorist contrary to trade or slavery?
Authors: Silva Lucas Duarte
Published: July 2019

No presente texto nós pretendemos ressaltar alguns pontos na argumentação de Avendaño que nos permite considerar que a sua posição pessoal era contrária ao tráfico e ao comércio de Escravos da Etiópia, especialmente quando olhamos para as críticas do jesuíta aos intelectuais do seu tempo. Contudo, nós pretemos sustentar aqui Diego de Avendaño não teria condenado a escravidão enquanto instituição, aceitando alguns títulos justos de escravidão, como a maioria dos autores do seu tempo. Para tanto: primeiro, apresentaremos a análise de Avendaño das posições de Molina e Sánchez; depois, os próprios argumentos de Avedaño sobre o tema. Neste estudo, iremos utilizar no primeiro volume do Thesaurus Indicus, particularmente no Título IX, cap. XII, §8, uma vez que esse particular trecho é onde o autor aborda o comércio dos escravos da Etíopia e citado na literatura secundária como essencial para o tratamento da escravidão negra.
Fé cristã e filosofia na antiguidade tardia
Authors: Chacon Daniel Ribeiro de Almeida
Published: July 2019

O objetivo deste artigo consiste em realizar uma breve sinopse histórico-filosófica, visando a situar o status quaestionis da relação entre fé e razão nos primeiros séculos da era cristã. Em face do imperativo crítico da filosofia, a inteligência cristã procurou comunicar os conteúdos da fé, partindo das exigências epistêmicas da cultura greco-romana. Nesse sentido, pretende-se aludir aos aspectos fundamentais da inteligência da fé cristã em Justino Mártir, Clemente de Alexandria, Orígenes e Tertuliano. Contudo, este itinerário não almeja esgotar a profundidade da questão. O método proposto neste labor acadêmico será o da revisão bibliográfica. As considerações desenvolvidas nesta pesquisa, no entanto, situam-se na perspectiva de que a fé cristã não se furta ao exercício de reflexão crítica ante às exigências filosóficas.
Ensaio entre epistemologia analítica e hermenêutica filosófica
Authors: Marques Cristian
Published: July 2019

O presente ensaio visa explorar uma aproximação do coerentismo epistemológico, na teoria apresentada por Keith Lehrer, com a filosofia hermenêutica, principalmente nas formulações feitas por Martin Heidegger em Ser e Tempo. Tal aproximação, embora inusitada e para alguns suspeita, foi apontada como um possível caminho, por Johnatan Dancy e Merold Westphal, para solucionar impasses na epistemologia que remontam às suas primeiras formulações e acompanham a epistemologia contemporânea. Na primeira seção, discutimos o estranhamento dessa aproximação para, na segunda seção, resgatar os pontos centrais da história da epistemologia até a indicação de Westphal de tratar a hermenêutica heideggeriana como fundamento para uma epistemologia coerentista. Na seção três, apresentamos a teoria coerentista de Lehrer. Na última seção, resgatamos as compreensões centrais de Heidegger acerca do conhecimento e esboçamos, à guisa de conclusão, que cuidados o epistemólogo deveria ter se assumir uma posição hermenêutica.
Três barreiras para o progresso filosófico
Authors: Gaboardi Gregory
Published: July 2019

Neste artigo Jessica Wilson identifica dimensões pelas quais pode haver progresso filosófico e destaca o problema da falta de padrões partilhados por filósofas e filósofos, padrões que permitam avaliar teses filosóficas. Wilson argumenta que esse problema coloca três barreiras para o progresso filosófico: gera enclausuramento intradisciplinar; abre espaço para que fatores sociológicos sejam determinantes (na questão de quais teses filosóficas devem ser consideradas ou avaliadas) e encoraja vieses. Por fim, Wilson apresenta algumas sugestões acerca de como lidar com essas barreiras.
VIRTUDE, DEVER, MATÉRIA E FORMA
Authors: Martins Cléia Aparecida
Published: July 2019

Este texto analisa dois conceitos especificos da ética kantiana, a saber, virtude edever. No decorrer desta análise procura-se demonstrar que a matéria da virtude é o dever e que o formalismo Kkantiano não implica uma indiferença para com a realidade do mundo empírico. Para tanto, é abordada a abrangência da ética de Kant basicamente nas três obras principais de sua filosofia prática, isto é, na Fundamentação da Metafísica dos Costumes, na Crítica da Razão Prática e na Metafísica dos Costumes.
The role of loyalty in migration intentions: theory and evidence from the EU
Authors: Golovics József
Published: July 2019

Free movement of persons is one of the fundamental values and achievements of the European Union, however, intentions towards mobility vary across and within the member states. Economic literature has remarkable theories to explain migration flows and individual selection factors of potential migrants, but it ignores major achievements of other social sciences. This paper builds an economic framework to incorporate the Hirschmanian concept of loyalty into the microeconomic (human capital) model of international migration by using interdependent preferences. Hirschman assumes that even after exiting, loyal people care about their previous communities, thus it imposes a certain psychological ‘exit tax’ on them. Based on this concept, it is hypothesized that people with altruistic motives have weaker intentions to migrate, so the presence of loyalty towards others makes international migration less likely, conveying that loyalty towards local or national community may be responsible for moderate labor mobility among EU member states. Results show that attachment to one's country makes one's intention to move abroad in the near future less likely, while loyalty towards one's city has more moderate impact on their intentions.
TECHNOLOGY AND QUALITY OF FOOD PRODUCTS WITH POWDERS OF HYDROBIONTS
Authors: Fedorova D. , Diachuk L. , Palamarek K.
Published: July 2019

The article is focused on researching and developing a technology of new pasty food products based on vegetable and fish raw materials made from powders of hydrobionts. The article presents the results of an experimental study into the effects of both domestic and imported hydrobiont powders on the organoleptic properties and chemical composition of new food products ‒ vegetable paste and fish and vegetable paste. It was experimentally established that the use of hydrobiont powders in the production of pasty food products allows increasing the content of essential nutrients and contributes to the solution of fundamental problems of disorders caused by the deficiency of calcium and iodine, omega-3 PUFA and nutritional fibers in human nutrition. The analysis of experimental data shows that the consumption vegetable paste and fish and vegetable paste products with hydrobiont powders, according to to the recommended nutrition standards for the population of Ukraine, provides from 25 to 123% of daily intake of iodine, from 20 to 30% of calcium and from 6 to 30% of daily intake of essential nutrients ‒ synergists of assimilation of iodine and calcium, which improves their bioavailability and makes it possible to classify such products as prophylactic. The use of semi-finished fish and plant powder products made from domestic fish Gobiidae and hydrobiont powders by Rieber Food Ingredients, a Norwegian company, enables the production of vegetable paste and fish and vegetable paste food products with high organoleptic quality parameters. These new technologies of food products can be recommended for introduction in catering establishments and industrial food production.
What a New Public Education System Could Learn from Alberta
Authors: Evans Rhonda
Published: July 2019

What does a successful public education system look like? How does it function? How long does it take to create and what are its underpinning beliefs and values? The Canadian province of Alberta is the highest-ranking education system in the English-speaking world. What can it teach
us about how to construct a successful public education system? Given the vast chasm between basic fundamental beliefs about the purpose of education, how much the question of equity should be at the forefront of educational priorities, and the importance of democratic involvement and professional
autonomy, is it even possible to create a similar model?
The Socially Just School: as a way of putting the 'public' back into public education and the public school
Authors: Smyth John
Published: July 2019

This article argues that re-inserting the 'public' back into public education and public school involves the reclamation of the indigenous (i.e. native) language and practices of schools and their communities. It argues that banishing the interloper discourses of neoliberalism can only
occur when schools organise themselves around the alternative discourse of the socially just school.
Ecology, Cultivation and Utilization of the Aromatic Greek Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.): A Review
Authors: SKOUFOGIANNI Elpiniki , SOLOMOU Alexandra D. , DANALATOS Nicholaos G.
Published: July 2019

Medicinal and aromatic plants represent a stable part of the natural biodiversity legacy of many countries in the world. The present review focuses on oregano (Origanum vulgare L.; family Lamiaceae), an endemic herb in Greece that constitutes one of the best known aromatic and medicinal plants originating in the Mediterranean region. In particular, oregano is an evergreen, rich in natural compounds perennial plant that received increased attention in the last years for a wide range of uses. Oregano dry leaves and inflorescences in mixture are used as human and animal food that is extremely rich in antioxidative properties. Additionally, its essential oil is rich in carvacrol, thymol, c-terpinene and p-cymene, and is used for a number of medicinal purposes, e.g. for inhibiting microbial and fungal toxin production as well as for the well-known anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiarthritic, antiallergic, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. Due to its perfect quality and high essential oil concentration, Greek oregano (O. vulgare ssp. hirtum) is regarded among the best in the world gaining in popularity in the global markets for food industry applications. Consequently, oregano might be considered as an important low-input, environmental friendly commodity for extensive cultivation in Greece. The present review summarizes on the origin, the morphology, the ecology and the utilization of this plant. Despite the extensive literature available on the use of oregano biomass and essential oil, only few reports exist concerning the cultivation of this plant. Therefore, the present review is additionally focused on the cultivation practices and the importance of cultivation and utilization of Origanum vulgare L. in Greece and generally in the Mediterranean region in the near future, as it constitutes a plant species with high medical, economic and environmental value.

 

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.

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Interactive Effects of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Phosphates Sources on Growth and Phosphorus Nutrition of Soybean under Moderate Drought
Authors: ROTARU Vladimir Ion , RISNOVEANU Luxita
Published: July 2019

The growth of legume plants is usually improved by the rhizobacteria inoculation under low phosphorus (P) and alleviation of P nutrition plays important role in plant drought stress response. The aim of this study was to assess the comparative efficacy of two plant growth promoting rhizobacteria namely Burkholderia cepacia B36 and Enterobacter radicincitans D5/23T combined with two sources of phosphates in soybean (Glycine max L.) under low water supply. Plants were grown under P soluble versus insoluble P fertilization for comparing the effects of soybean inoculation on growth, uptake and use efficiency of phosphorus under moderate drought stress. At the beginning of flowering, half of plants was subjected to low water supply (35% water holding capacity, WHC) for 12 days while control plants were well watered - 70% WHC. The plants were harvested at the end of drought and physiological traits and P contents were analyzed. The inoculation treatments showed better plant growth and nutrient uptake when compared to uninoculated control. The application of the Burkholderia cepacia was more efficiently in terms plant growth than E. radicincitans especially under insoluble phosphates. Phosphorus concentrations of shoots and roots increased with both bacterial strains. The bacterial inoculation has much better stimulatory effect on nutrient uptake by soybean fertilized with insoluble phosphates. Study findings indicate that the combined application of PGPR (Burkholderia cepacia B36) and P amendments has the potential to improve P nutrition and growth of soybean cultivated on P-deficient soil under well-watered as well as moderate drought condition.

 

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.

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Antioxidant Properties and Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extracts of Two Varieties of Bayberry fruit (Myrica rubra Sieb et Zucc.) Prepared by Stirring and Ultrasonic Methods
Authors: LIN Kuan-Hung , LU Chun-Ping , CHAO Jia-Wei , YU Yi-Ping
Published: July 2019

Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) is an economically important medicinal plant with multiple uses. Two varieties ‘Dongkui Oriental Pearl’ (Dongkui for short) and acuminata ‘Nakai’ (Nakai for short) were used to compare and evaluate the antioxidant activities of hydroethanolic extracts of the fruit using ultrasonic and stirring extraction methods. Dongkui bayberry fruit extract (BFE) prepared using the ultrasonic method exhibited a significantly higher value for the total phenolic content (TPC) and had lower 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of scavenging activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as reducing power compared to the other treatment. The TPC of the BFE was significantly correlated with its DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 radical-scavenging and reducing power activities. Dongkui BFE at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL exhibited significantly greater protection of RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages against H2O2-induced damage and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide production by macrophages, and it displayed remarkable inhibitory effects compared to the other extracts using the ultrasonic extraction method. Furthermore, compared to the Nakai BFE, macrophages exposed to the Dongkui BFE by the ultrasonic extraction method significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α at a concentration of the extract of 0.25 mg/mL. The antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory and protective effects of BFE prepared by stirring and ultrasonic methods are discussed for the first time in this study.

 

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.

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Tyrosinase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of Wild Prunus spinosa L. Fruit Extracts as Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: STANKOVIĆ Milica I. , SAVIĆ Vesna Lj. , ŽIVKOVIĆ Jelena V. , TADIĆ Vanja M. , ARSIĆ Ivana A.
Published: July 2019

In recent years, naturally derived tyrosinase inhibitors and antioxidants have become very important, since the synthetic ones are related with several side effects. As wild fruits are rich source of bioactive compounds, this study focused on the examination of Prunus spinosa L. (blackthorn) fruit extracts, widely distributed in our country. However, blackthorn extracts are not enough investigated, and there are only a few published works. Extraction efficiency of P. spinosa ultrasonic fruit extracts obtained by using different solvents (methanol, 70% (v/v) ethanol, 45% (w/w) propylene glycol and water) was evaluated, regarding polyphenolic profile, tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activity. Results suggested that extracts with 45% propylene glycol and water were particularly rich in polyphenolic compounds (especially phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins). The highest extraction yield was for 45% propylene glycol extract. This extract showed higher tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activity compared to others, while the methanolic extracts had the highest chelating capacity. Therefore, P. spinosa fruit extracts, especially extracts obtained by ultrasonic extraction with 45% propylene glycol, have a great potential to be incorporated in some pharmaceutical formulations for obtaining tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant effects.

 

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.

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A New Measurement Model to Estimate the Intensity of Acrotony on the Latent Buds of Grapevine Canes (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: DASKALAKIS Ioannis , BINIARI Katerina
Published: July 2019

In warm regions, such as in southern Greece, the climate change can lead to prolonged dormancy as well as to problems in bud dormancy (delay in breaking time, reduce the rate of budbreak, intensity of the phenomenon of acrotony, grapevine bud fall, disorders in bloom with intense blossom dropping, etc.), with a significant impact on the production of the vines. In these areas, it is necessary to apply chemical substances in order to break the dormancy and advance budbreak, especially when it comes to new table grape varieties, most of which are seedless. Another phenomenon which is observed on grapevines and is directly associated with budbreak is acrotony, where the apical buds of the cane break first compared to the middle and basal ones. Acrotony can constitute a problem because it can cause irregular grape ripening, different timing of various activities in the vineyard, which brings about higher cultivation costs. In this research, a new method to measure and evaluate the acrotony and its intensity on the latent buds of grapevine canes was described. The results of two chemical substances applied on table grape variety ‘Prime’ in order to advance budbreak were presented.

 

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.

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Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of two Greek Cotton Cultivars to Salt Stress and their Impact as Selection Indices for Salt Tolerance
Authors: MOUSSOURAKI Maria-Anna , TANI Eleni , VELLIOU Anna , GOUFA Maria , PSYCHOGIOU Maria , PAPADAKIS Ioannis E. , ABRAHAM Eleni M.
Published: July 2019

Soil salinity is a major constrain of crop productivity. Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important fiber crop worldwide and a major agricultural product in Greece. Two commercial cotton cultivars (‘Hersi’ and ‘ST 318’) were studied to compare their response under non-saline and saline conditions in a greenhouse experiment. Salt stress on plants was imposed by two different approaches: a gradual and an initial acclimatization to a non-lethal NaCl concentration (150 mM). To explore salt stress responses, growth (height of plants, roots, shoots and leaves dry weight, reproductive shoots, Salinity Sensitivity Index), gas exchange (Photosynthetic rate, Stomatal conductance, Transpiration rate and Water Use Efficiency) and biochemical parameters (proline, H2O2 and MDA content), were examined as well as ion homeostasis. ‘Hersi’ had significantly higher dry weight of roots, shoots and leaves, lower salinity sensitivity index of roots compared to ‘ST 318’.  In this regard, it appears that ‘Hersi’ cultivar performed better than ‘ST 318’ to increased salinity conditions, due to better control of gas exchange parameters and K+/Na+ homeostasis as well as better membrane integrity. Furthermore, the gradual acclimatization to the 150 mM NaCl concentration had a milder effect on both cultivars compared to the initial acclimatization.

 

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.

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Efficient Approaches to in vitro Multiplication of Lilium candidum L. with Consistent and Safe Access throughout Year and Acclimatization of Plant under Hot-Summer Mediterranean (Csa Type) Climate
Authors: DANESHVAR ROYANDAZAGH Sheida
Published: July 2019

Lilium candidum L. is one of the most fragrant plant species among Liliaceae. The indigenous and natural populations of L. candidum are significantly affected by fast increasing anthropological population pressure and increased carbon fuel pollution. There is a necessity for development of a micropropagation protocol to serve in effective manner for both commercial multiplication and protection of the plant. The study targeted to develop a strategy for effective in vitro plant propagation system using static liquid culture, seismomorphogenic treatments with mixed liquid culture and semi solid culture medium using single scale explants. The former two techniques failed to regenerate new bulblets effectively whereby the later technique induced 100% regeneration on all treatments. Maximum number of bulblets regenerated on 0.27 µM Thidiazuron + 1.08 µM Naphthalene acetic acid. The scale explant could be recultured and regenerated on the mother culture medium for six cycles. The daughter bulblets regenerated on Murashige and Skoog medium containing both 0.18 or 0.27 µM TDZ + 1.08 µM NAA were successfully rooted using 1/2 × MS medium containing 2.45 µM indole butyric acid. Regardless of rooting development, acclimatization was noted on all bulblets in the greenhouse. These plants are showing continuous flowering since last four years under hot-summer Mediterranean (CSa type) climate field conditions of Tekirdag province of Thrace region in Turkey.

 

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.

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Physicochemical Quality, Antioxidant Capacity and Nutritional Value in Tuberous Roots of Some Wild Dahlia Species
Authors: RIVERA-ESPEJEL Esteban A. , CRUZ-ALVAREZ Oscar , MEJÍA-MUÑOZ José M. , GARCÍA-MATEOS María R. , COLINAS-LEÓN María T.B. , MARTÍNEZ-DAMIÁN María Teresa
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research was to evaluate the physicochemical quality, antioxidant capacity and nutritional value in tuberous roots of some wild dahlia species. The experiment was carried out in the Department of Plant Science of the Autonomous University Chapingo, Mexico. Plants were established in a randomized complete block design with five replications. The total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C (VC), total phenols (TP), antioxidant capacity (AC), inulin and its proximate composition were evaluated. Among the materials analyzed, the most outstanding wild species were Dahlia campanulata, D. coccinea and D. brevis, where D. campanulata stood out for its concentration of VC (0.05 mg 100 g-1), AC (1.88 mg VCEAC g-1), inulin, DM and TC (72.25, 24.38 and 88.37%, respectively), however, the inulin content was similar to D. coccinea (66.17%), which was also outstanding with respect to the content of TP (1.74 mg GA g-1). Likewise, D. brevis presented the highest values of RFi (5.49%) and A (78.42%). According to our results, the tuberous roots of wild dahlia species can be used as food, as well as being a source of selection of traits of nutraceutic interest for genetic improvement.

 

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.

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Optimization of Thermostable Alpha-Amylase Production Via Mix Agricultural-Residues and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Authors: RAI Shalini , SOLANKI Manoj Kumar
Published: July 2019

This study reports utilization of mixture of wheat and barley bran (1:1) for the production of thermostable alpha-amylase enzyme through a spore former, heat tolerant strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in solid state fermentation. Maximum yield of alpha-amylase (252.77 U mL-1) was obtained in following optimized conditions, inoculums size 2 mL (2 × 106 CFU/mL), moisture 80%, pH 7±0.02, NaCl (3%), temperature 38±1°C, incubation for 72 h, maltose (1%) and tryptone (1%). After SSF crude enzyme was purified via ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange and column chromatography by DEAE Cellulose. Purified protein showed a molecular weight of 42 kDa by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. After purification, purified enzyme was characterized against several enzymes inhibitors such as temperature, NaCl, pH, metal and surfactants. Pure enzyme was highly active over broad temperature (50-70°C), NaCl concentration (0.5-4 M), and pH (6-10) ranges, indicating it’s a thermoactive and alkali-stable nature. Moreover, CaCl2, MnCl2, =-mercaptoethanol were found to stimulate the amylase activity, whereas FeCl3, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), CuCl3 and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) strongly inhibited the enzyme. Moreover, enzyme specificity and thermal stability conformed by degradation of different soluble starch up to 55°C. Therefore, the present study proved that the extracellular alpha-amylase extracted through wheat flour residues by organism B. amyloliquefaciens MCCB0075, both have considerable potential for industrial application owing to its properties.
Biochemical Changes under Chromium Stress on Germinating Seedlings of Vigna radiata
Authors: SUTHAR Bhavin , PANSURIYA Jayesh , KHER Mafatlal M , PATEL Dr. Vinay R , NATARAJ Murugan
Published: July 2019

Hexavalant chromium is considered the most toxic form because of its high solubility in water. Cr is known to induce

production of elevated concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulted in macromolecule damage. Plants are having unique mechanisms to overcome ROS induced damage by accumulation of proline, ascorbate and glutathione and increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidaes (APX), peroxidise (POX). In the present investigation effects of chromium on seed germination of Mung bean (Vigna radiata 'Gujarat Mung-4’) were studied. Seeds were treated with different Cr concentrations (50, 100, 150 and 200 4M) for

seven days. On 7th day root and shoot length was measured and activities of antioxidant enzyme SOD, APX, POX, CAT and GR were checked along with protein, proline and lipid peroxidation. It was observed that there is gradual decrease in shoot and root length with respect to the increase in Cr concentration. Level of lipid peroxidation significantly increased along with proline and antioxidant enzyme activity at higher Cr concentration. Lipid peroxidation is an indication of membrane damage due to elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To combat oxidative damage by ROS antioxidant enzyme activity increased significantly, which indicates that antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and GR) play a crucial role during Cr stress during germination of V. radiata.
Effect of Silver Nitrate DuringEx vitro Acclimatization of Micropropagated Ginger Cultivars
Authors: THINGBAIJAM Dikash Singh , HUIDROM Sunitibala Devi
Published: July 2019

Silver nitrate (AgNO3) was used under in vitro conditions to study the response of ginger cultivars ‘Nadia’ and ‘Baishey’ under ex vitro. Micropropagated plants treated with AgNO3 showed significant difference (p
High Frequency Plant Regeneration System from Transverse Thin Cell Layer Section of In vitro Derived ‘Nadia’ Ginger Microrhizome
Authors: THINGBAIJAM Dikash Singh , HUIDROM Devi Sunitibala
Published: July 2019

An efficient and reproducible procedure is outlined for rapid in vitro multiplication of Zingiber officinale var. ‘Nadia’ through high frequency shoot proliferation from transverse thin cell layer (tTCL) sections of in vitro derived microrhizome. In vitro derived microrhizome of size 500 μm in thickness was used as initial explants for induction of somatic embryos. Among the different phytohormones tested, tTCL explants shows maximum calli proliferation in medium containing 2 mg/L 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (88.30±0.11%). Reduced concentration of 2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was supplemented with different cytokinins for regeneration of callus. Among the different medium tested, optimum redifferentiation of somatic embryos were observed in medium containing 0.2 mg/L 2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 6.0 mg/L BAP (141.08±0.25). Clump of regenerated plantlets were further subculture and transfer into microrhizome inducing medium containing high sucrose concentration (8%). Plantlets with well developed microrhizome were successfully acclimatized and eventually transferred to the field. The application of studying embryo section for regeneration of plants might be useful alternative to ginger improvement programme. Histological analysis showed formation of somatic embryos and regenerated adventitious shoot.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Allium ursinum
Authors: PÂRVU Alina Elena , CĂTOI Florinela , DEELAWAR Sameera , SARUP Darshana , PÂRVU Marcel
Published: July 2019

The aim of the present study was to evaluate Allium ursinum leaves and flowers extract anti-inflammatory effect. Plant extract 1:1 (w:v) was prepared from A. ursinum leaves by a modified Squibb repercolation method. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated on a rat turpentine oil-induced inflammation (i.m. 6 mL/kg BW). The animals were randomly assigned to nine groups (n=8): negative control, inflammation, A. ursinum flower extract (AUF), A. ursinum leaves extract (AUL), indomethacin (INDO) (20 mg/kg BW), aminoguanidine (AG) (50 mg/kg b.w./d i.p.) as a selective NOS2 inhibitor, NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (NAME) (5 mg/kg b.w./d i.p.) as a nonselective NOS inhibitor, L-arginine (ARG) (100 mg/kg b.w./d i.p.), NO synthesis substrate, and Trolox (20 mg/kg b.w./d i.p) as an antioxidant. At 24h from inflammation induction total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), nitric oxide (NOx) and in vitro phagocytosis test were reduced and the total antioxidative reactivity (TAR) was increased by the testes plant extracts. AUF had a better inhibitory effect than AUL. In conclusion, we provided evidence for the hypothesis that A. ursinum leaves and flowers extract exerts anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the phagocytosis through the reduction of the nitro-oxidative stress.
Growth and Photosynthetic Pigment Accumulation in Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. in Response to Light and Nutrient Stress
Authors: OKUNLOLA Gideon Olarewaju , ADELUSI Adekunle Ajayi
Published: July 2019

This study aimed at determining the responses of some of the growth parameters of Lycopersicum esculentum to light and nutrient stress. The focus is equally orientated in determining the effect of light and nutrient stress on the photosynthetic pigment accumulation in plants. Tomato seeds were grown in pretreated sand and were watered with distilled water until the experimental culture was fully established. After this, the plants were transplanted into 60 plastic pots, with holes bored at the bottom to allow proper drainage of the excess water during the course of the experiment. The plants were divided into four groups of fifteen pots each. A group of plants was submitted to stress of nutrient lack by only administering 100 ml of complete nutrient solution, once every four days. The nutrient solution if applied daily was considered to be adequate for the plants. Another group of plants was lightly stressed, by placing them under shade, while adequate light was gotten in direct sunlight. Sampling was carried out at weekly intervals, starting from the seventh day after the first treatment. Plants were randomly picked from each of the four treatments. Three replicates were used for each parameter. The results showed that there was a reduction in photosynthetic pigment accumulation in the plants when both light and nutrient were limited. The data obtained from the study were first tested between normality and assumption of constant variance. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out considering both factors (light and nutrient ) as source's of variation to investigate the effects of full light and full nutrient (FLFN ), full light and partial nutrient (FLPN), partial light and full nutrient (PLFN) and partial light and partial nutrient (PLPN) the parameters studied in Lycopersicum esculentum.
The Efficacy of Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oil in Cognitive Disorders against Manganese Chronic Exposure in Rats during Development
Authors: ADLI Djallal Eddine Houari , KAHLOULA Khaled , SLIMANI Miloud , LAHOUEL Zakia , BELMAHI Amina
Published: July 2019

The essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum has been widely used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including some neurological disorders. This study aims at testing, in vivo, the possible anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, of the Syzygium aromaticum essential oil against chronic manganese chloride (4.79 mg/l) intoxication during the gestation and lactation period, in Wistar rat pups. Wistar rat pups were exposed to manganese via their dams’ drinking water from postnatal day (PND) 1 to (PND) 21. After their weaning, the rats exposed to manganese received injections of essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum (0.1 ml/kg) for 18 days. The level of anxiety, depression and locomotor activity were studied. Locomotor activity (open field test), anxiety (elevated plus maze tests), and depression (forced swimming test) were evaluated. The results of the present study indicate that Manganese exposure induces, on the one hand, impairments of body (p<0.001) and of brain weight (p<0.05). On the other hand, it increases level of anxiety (p<0.05), depression (p<0.001) and locomotor hyporactivity (p<0.001), when compared to control rats. Administration of essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum leads to a reduction in the level of anxiety (p<0.05), of depression (p<0.001) and corrects locomotor hyporactivity (p<0.05) in rats exposed to manganese beforehand. These results suggest that essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum can employ as a natural, protective agent against neuro-toxicity induced by manganese chloride during the gestation and lactation periods.
Propagation of Iranian Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) by Rooted Stem Cuttings
Authors: HASSANPOUR Hamid , ALI SHIRI Mohamad
Published: July 2019

Clonal propagation of Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) from cuttings will permit nursery production of cloned Cornelian cherry and encourage selection of superior genotypes. The effects of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations, five genotypes and two types of media on root performance of Cornelian cherry cuttings were investigated. The percentage of rooted cuttings, mean root length, average root number per cutting, root fresh weight and root dry weight were recorded after three months. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test the effects of the auxin treatments. Regression analysis for determination of appropriate equation was performed. The IBA treatment increased the rooting percentage in genotype C1, C3 and C4 but did not affect that of genotype C2 and C5. The maximum rooting percentage, mean root length, average root number per cutting, root fresh weight and root dry weight was obtained for C3 genotype and in sand media. No statistically significant correlation was observed between callusing and other measured parameters but the rest of parameters correlate statistically with rooting. According to the regression results, it was clear that the pattern of quadratic function was better than other models for rooting. The highest rooting percentage was obtained from C3 genotype. Therefore, clonal production of this genotype is practical.
Introduction pages
Authors: SESTRAS Radu E.
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Impact of Exogenous Elicitors on Artemisinin Production and Trichome Density in Artemisia annua L. under Subtropical Conditions
Authors: DANGASH Alka Jagdish , PANDYA Neeta , BHARILLYA Ashish , JHALA Ashween , JAIN Dharamchand
Published: July 2019

Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone found in Artemisia annua having many medicinal properties. Therefore the factors affecting trichome initiation are important. In the present study, several strategies have been adapted to increase artemisinin production by treating them with nutrients, hormones and elicitors. Abscisic acid, Gibberellic acid (GA3), a combination of GA3+IAA (Gibberellic acid+indole acetic acid), Chitosan, Methyl jasmonate, Acetyl salicylic acid, Lead acetate, sodium chloride, and Nanozime were sprayed on plant at regular intervals. The glandular trichomes of leaves from Artemisia annua (Asteraceae) were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy and the percentage artemisnin content was analyzed by HPTLC. Maximum artemisinin content % and trichome index (0.128) was found when methy jasmonate was applied and minimum artemisinin content % and trichome index was reported in NaCl & acetyl salicylic acid.
Diversity, Structure and Dynamics of a Mangrove Forest: a Case Study
Authors: HEBBALALU Suresh Satyanarayana , BHAT Dattatray M. , NIJAVALLI Ravindranath H. , RAMAN Sukumar
Published: July 2019

The intertidal vegetation along tropical and subtropical coast is defined as mangrove vegetation. India has a long coast line measuring 7516 km. The ecology of mangrove forest is relatively less studied. Mangrove systems are known to be one of the most productive systems in the world. The study aimed to estimate the carbon sequestration potential of a relatively protected sacred grove along the western coast of India, in Kagekanu, Kumta, Karnataka. One hectare permanent plot was established, with all woody stems > 1 cm dbh (diameter at breast height), which were marked and identified. Repeated measurements were made to register the growth and other parameters. Allometric equation was used to estimate the biomass, out of which 50% was considered as carbon content. A total of 1100 stems > 1 cm dbh, belonging to 4 species, were enumerated. There was an overall decline of 13.9% stems during the study period. Mean mortality rate was found to be 5.83 ± 1.85% and there was no recruitment. The biomass increased from 155.53 tons/ha to 164.28 tons/ha. There was a net gain of 4.38 tons. Avicinnia officinalis was found to contribute significantly to carbon sequestration.
Differential Response of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Genotypes to Native Rhizobia in Tarai Region of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: BINJOLA Sonam , KUMAR Narendra , MISHRA Gaurav
Published: July 2019

Cowpea is an annual legume, rich in protein, which plays a critical role in the lives of millions of people in developing countries. Limited work has been done, especially on the symbiotic efficiency of cowpea against the native soil rhizobia. Therefore, our study was conducted to compare the effect of native rhizobia on nodulation, yield and protein content of eight cultivars and two control varieties in Tarai region of Uttarakhand, India. significant differences were observed among the cultivars tested in all the measured traits. Results of growth analysis indicated that ‘PGCP-4’ gave the highest number of nodules plant-1, nodule dry weight and protein content in grain, compared to both control varieties. Highest plant dry weight was recorded in ‘Pusa Komal’, while the highest grain yield was achieved in ‘PGCP-6’, followed by ‘PGCP-12’. This study hereby recommends ‘PGCP-6’ and ‘PGCP-12’ cultivars, as they are more suitable in terms of yield against the rhizobia.
Distribution and Ecology of Clathrus archeri in Romania
Authors: BÎRSAN Cipran , COJOCARIU Ana , CENUŞĂ Elena
Published: July 2019

Although Clathrus archeri is a widely spread species in the Western Europe, in Romania it is considered a rare species, identified from only eight sites. In July 2013, it was found in two new sites from Gurghiu and Bârgău Mountains, in the Romanian Eastern Carpathians. This paper presents a detailed description of the new recorded specimens and of the habitat where this fungus was found. Plant communities where Clathrus archeri was recorded belong to the “mountain hay meadows” habitat type (Festuco rubrae - Agrostietum capillaris community). Taking into consideration the previous published data, the comparison with other habitats types in which this species occurs suggests that Clathrus archeri has no special preferences for certain environmental conditions.
Factors Influencing the Concentration of Certain Liposoluble Components in Cow and Goat Milk: A Review
Authors: COZMA Anamaria , MIERE Doina , FILIP Lorena , BANC Roxana , STANCIU Oana , ANDREI Sanda , LOGHIN Felicia
Published: July 2019

Milk fat contains a large number of fatty acids (FA) and other liposoluble components that exhibit various effects on human health. The present article reviews some of the factors affecting FA, vitamin A and cholesterol concentrations in milk from dairy cow and goat. Milk fat composition is linked to many factors, both intrinsic (animal species, breed, lactation stage) and extrinsic (environmental). The effect of animal species on milk fat composition is important, as reflected by higher concentrations of short- and medium-chain FA, vitamin A and cholesterol in goat than in cow milk. In a given ruminant species, the effects linked to breed are significant but limited and they can only be achieved over long periods of time. The lactation stage has an important effect on milk FA composition, mainly linked to body fat mobilisation in early lactation, but it only lasts a few weeks each year. Furthermore, changes in feeding have a marked influence on milk fat composition. Changing the forages in the diet of ruminants, pasture in particular, or supplementing lipids to the diet, represent an efficient mean to modify milk fat composition by decreasing saturated FA and cholesterol, and increasing cis-9,trans-11-CLA and vitamin A. Nutrition therefore constitutes a natural strategy to rapidly modulate milk FA, vitamin A and cholesterol composition, with the overall aim of improving the long-term health of consumers.
Phosphatase Activity of Microbial Populations in Different Milk Samples in Relation to Protein and Carbohydrate Content
Authors: SANDILYA Sosanka Protim , GOGOI Anuradha , BHUYAN Pinky Moni , GOGOI Dip Kumar
Published: July 2019

Cattle milk is a rich source of protein, carbohydrate, vitamins, minerals and all other major and micro nutrients. At a moderate pH, milk is an excellent media for the growth of microbes and thus, intake of raw milk is precarious. In this study, attempt was made for a qualitative study of eight raw milk samples of different varieties of cow and goat milk, collected from Jorhat district of Assam, India, on the basis of nutritional value and microbial population. The highest microbial population was found in the milk collected from cross hybrid variety of cow, whereas microbial contamination was the least in Jersey cow milk. Samples of C1 (Jersey cow) variety showed presence of the highest amount of protein and carbohydrate content as compared to the others. Almost all the milk samples showed positive acid and alkaline phosphatase activity. Maximum acid phosphatase activity was observed in cross hybrid cow milk, whereas local cow milk exhibited the highest alkaline phosphatase activity. Phosphatase activity did not show any co-relationship with microbial population of the milk samples. Similarly, the protein and carbohydrate content of the samples did not have any significant impact on both acid and alkaline phosphatase activity.
Molecular Characterization of Saffron-Potential Candidates for Crop Improvement
Authors: MIR Javid Iqbal , AHMED Nazeer , KHAN Mudasir Hafiz , MOKHDOMI Taseem Ahmad , WANI Sajad Hussian , BUKHARI Shoiab , AMIN Asif , QADRI Raies Ahmad
Published: July 2019

In this study, thirty one (31) morphologically distinct selections of saffron crop were used for molecular characterization. Molecular characterization was done through SSR, ISSR and RAPD markers. RAPD and ISSR markers showed significant variation; however, SSR markers did not reveal any variation between the selected clones. The Jaccard’s similarity coefficient ranged from 0.94 to 1.00 with an average of 0.98 among all 31 selections used. Minimum similarity value (0.94) was observed between CITH-S-107 and PAM-S-116 selections. The study provides sufficient knowledge to identify clones with better stigma characteristics for further crop improvement programs.