bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OsDREB2A Gene Polymorphism Does Not Affect Salinity Tolerance Potency of Local Rice Varieties from Banten
Authors: Zakiyah ‘Ainun Sayyidah , Khasna Elhah Nailul , Ardana I Kade Karisma Gita , Fikriani Choirun Nita , Anggraini Nina Bunga , Novitasari Dwita , Listyorini Dwi , Suharti Suharti
Published: August 2021

Indonesia possesses vast coastal agricultural land areas with high salinity. This high salinity is a threat to rice productivity which may decrease to 79.8%. Banten province of Indonesia houses many local rice varieties which have salinity tolerance potency based on its agronomical characters. The adaptability of rice plant in high salinity soil can be affected by OsDREB2A gene, which encodes transcription factors from several salt-tolerant signaling pathway genes. The aims of this study were to find out the possible polymorphism of OsDREB2A gene from Banten local rice varieties. The polymorphism of OsDREB2A analyzed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) and possible molecular structure. OsDREB2A gene was amplified using DNA from Tambleng, Bulu Putih, and Pare Caok varieties as templates through PCR method with a pair of specific primers. DNA fragments obtained were analyzed by means of series of analysis software. From those analysis we obtained 840 bp, 836 bp, and 850 bp gene fragments from Tambleng, Bulu Putih, and Pare Caok varieties, respectively. There is polymorphism of OsDREB2A due to some mutation yet does not massively alter its protein structure. From this study, we suggest that Tambleng, Bulu Putih, and Pare Caok varieties potential for salinity stress resistance genetically.
Endophytic Fungi from Four Indonesian Medicinal Plants and Their Inhibitory Effect on Plant Pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Sukarno Nampiah , Ginting Rohani Cinta Badia , Widyastuti Utut , Darusman Latifah Kosim , Kanaya Sihegiko , Batubara Irmanida , Aryantha I Nyoman Pugeg , Waite Mashuri
Published: August 2021

The medicinal plants Centella asiatica, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Guazuma ulmifolia, and Hydrocotyle verticillata are widely used  in Indonesian traditional medicine, but little is known about their associated endophytic fungi. This research aimed to study the diversity of endophytic fungi derived from functional parts of these plants and to evaluate their potential as antifungal agents against the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum. A total of 17 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained: nine from leaves of G. ulmifolia, three each from leaves of C. asiatica and H. verticillata, and two from rhizomes of C. xanthorrhiza. The genus Colletotrichum was found in all plants studied, but each plant was associated with different species. Colletotrichum aeschynomenes was associated with C. xanthorrhiza, C. siamense was associated with C. asiatica, and C. tropicale was associated with G. ulmifolia and H. verticillata. The species Curvularia affinis, Diaporthe tectonae, Lasiodiplodia mahajangana, Parengyodontium album, Talaromyces trachyspermus, and Speiropsis pedatospora were found only in G. ulmifolia; while Didymella coffeae-arabicae and Muyocopron laterale were found only in H. verticillata. The endophytic fungi showed inhibition activity against F. oxysporum with inhibition values of 6.0-78.9%, T. trachyspermus JBd10 and C. affinis JBd14 gave the highest inhibition activity.
Impact of pastoralists-farmers’ conflicts on agroforestry farmers’ psychology and agricultural production in north central Nigeria
Authors: Tokede A.M. , Banjo A.A. , Ahmad A.O. , Nosiru M.O. , Ogunsola A.J. , Oyaniyi T.
Published: August 2021

The study examined the escalating conflict between the farmers and the pastoralists in the North Central region of Nigeria with regard to its impact on the psychology and productivity of agroforestry farmers. Benue, Nasarawa and Plateau states were reported to be the most affected by farmer- pastoralist conflicts in North Central Nigeria, they were therefore purposively selected for the study. The local governments that are most affected by the conflicts were also selected in each state. 25% of agroforestry farmers in each of the selected local government were randomly selected for the study. A total of one hundred and eighty (180) well-structured questionnaires were administered to farmers. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage while the correlation coefficient (r) was used to draw inferences between the variables of the hypotheses. The study found out that 29% of the respondents were between the ages of 31-40, 75.6% were male, 69.8% were married, 37.2% had secondary education and majority of them (83.8%) were Christians. Also, 67.8% of them take farming as their main occupation. 40% of them has 6-10 acres of farm size. The Spearman’s rho correlation analysis revealed that demographics characteristics [age (r= -0.341; p= 0.000) education status (r= 0.200; p= 0.008) and household size (r= 0.151; p= 0.042)] of the respondents significantly correlated with the impact the conflict had on respondents’ psychology. The correlation coefficient (R)) showed that frequency of conflict is significantly related to respondents’ agricultural loss (r=0.183; p=0.025) and that the conflicts impact on respondents’ psychology is significantly correlated with their agricultural productiity (r=0.1357; p=0.034).
The influence of school type on pupils’ proficiency in selected school subjects: Implications for curriculum implementation in Ghana
Authors: Nyatsikor Maxwell Kwesi , Abroampa Winston Kwame , Esia-Donkoh Kweku
Published: August 2021

This research examined the influence of private and public schools on pupils‟ proficiency in mathematics and English language subjects. The theoretical model that supported the study was the bioecological model of human development. The sample comprised 16,481 Primary 3 and 14,495 Primary 6 pupils from 448 and 426 schools respectively. The research design was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. Schools were sampled using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using a multilevel modeling technique. The significance or otherwise of the influence of school type on pupils‟ proficiency in both subjects was assessed at p < 0.001. The results showed that many pupils performed below the minimum competency level in both subjects uniquely because they attended public schools. Conversely, many pupils were found to be proficient in both subjects exclusively because they attended private schools. The research findings suggest that the type of primary schools pupils attend in Ghana significantly mattered for their academic success and the progression from one grade-level to another. The results imply that learning opportunities are not equal for all pupils. This has implications for the effective implementation of the primary school curriculum in the country. To improve upon the academic achievement of primary school children in Ghana, first, there is the need to eliminate the achievement gap between private and public schools.
Entrepreneurial skills and retention ability among students of faculty of education, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Omini Emmanuel Ubi , Beshigim Aniah Bernard
Published: August 2021

This study determined the relationship between entrepreneurial skills and retention ability among students of faculty of education, University of Calabar, Cross River States. Correlational survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised of UTME 2018/2019 academic session 200-400 level students and this was also used as sample. A validated research-made questionnaire with reliability range of 0.81-0.89 was used for data collection. The data collected were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the analysis showed that acquisition of indexing skills and book publishing skills significantly relate with retention ability. It was recommended among others that support grants from school management and government should be granted to graduates with passion and enthusiasm to set-up their own business ventures on indexing and book publishing upon  graduation either from their various institutions or after graduation from the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC).
Comparative Analysis of the Level of Engagement in Palm Oil Processing Among Rural Households in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Onu Samson Ejike , Ekwe Kenneth C. , Onuekwusi Gideon Chinedu
Published: August 2021

The study provided empirical evidence of rural household’s engagement in processing of oil palm produce in South east Nigeria. The study specifically identified the methods of processing oil palm produce, ascertained the level of household’s engagement in oil palm processing, identified the constraints to oil palm processing in the study area. Multi-stage random sampling procedure in selecting 540 respondents. Data for the study were collected with the use of structured questionnaire and analyzed with the use of both descriptive (frequency, percentage and mean) and inferential statistics (ANOVA model). The results showed that 58.1% of the respondents used semi-modern/mechanized in processing of oil palm produce. There was high level of engagement in the processing of oil palm produce (pooled grand mean = 3.67). The result revealed that lack of modern processing equipment (86.5%), instability of government policy (80.0%) and high cost of labour (76.7%) were the major constraints to engagement in oil palm processing. There was a statistically significant difference in the level of engagement of rural households in processing of oil palm produce across the states in South East Nigeria at 5% level of probability. The study concluded that most of the processors used a combination of both traditional and modern method in the processing of their oil palm produce and were highly engaged in the processing of oil palm produce as a profitable livelihood activity. The study therefore recommended that State and Federal Government should gear up efforts in providing basic infrastructure such as electricity and good, motorable roads in the study area so that the efficiency of processing of oil palm products can be guaranteed.
Information Needs of Cassava Farmer-Processors on Cassava Value Addition Technologies in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Olajide Rasak B. , Sanni Lateef. O. , Atser Godwin , Dixon Alfred , Oladokun Ibukunoluwa. O.
Published: August 2021

This study investigated the information needs of cassava farmer-processors on cassava value addition technologies in Oyo State, Nigeria, to ascertain areas of information gap for farmers to maximally exploit the opportunities inherent in the product value addition. Using a multistage sampling procedure, 130 registered cassava farmer-processors were sampled and interviewed. Data were collected on  respondents’ enterprise characteristics, access to information, perceived benefits and constraints to accessing information and  information needs on cassava value addition. Data were analysed using percentage, mean and correlational analysis at p=0.05. Results reveal that respondents had farm size and farming experience of 2.3 ha and 20.1±13.8 years, respectively, while income was  ₦273,784.6±₦458281.3. Though respondents were constrained with low income (70.0%), they reckoned that if they had access to  information on value addition, their postharvest loss would be reduced (89.2%). Respondents had information gap on information needs on value addition technologies for producing cassava adhesives (1st), glucose syrups (2nd) and confectionaries (3rd). Farming experience (r = -.236), constraints (r = -.288) and access to sources of information were significantly related to respondents’ information needs. It is recommended that information on improved cassava value addition technologies be made available to cassava farmers through relevant sources, especially during emergencies coupled with hands –on training for effective application of information acquired.
Profitability of Dry Season Farming of Jute Mallow (Corchorus olitorius) and Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) Inter and Sole Cropping Systems in Abeokuta, Nigeria
Authors: Ayodeji Omolola Oladoyin , Atungwu Jonathan Jeremiah , Fadeyi James Olasupo , Ifezue Dennis Ugochukwu , Okoye Harvester Onyibor , Akinwale Adeola Moyosoluwa
Published: August 2021

The study determined the profitability of three different cropping systems. Data collected include cost of fixed assets, cost of variable inputs, yields and prices of outputs. Data were subjected to budgetary technique; analysis of variance and significant means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5% level of probability. Results of the gross margin analysis showed that both the intercropping and only sole Amaranth vegetable production were profitable. The intercrop production had a gross margin of N567,920/ha with a total revenue of N1, 600,000 /ha and having the highest output of 8000kg/ha while the sole Amaranth vegetable production had a gross margin of N179, 920/ha with a total revenue of N1,200,000/ha and having an output of 6000kg/ha. Also, the intercrop vegetable production had a benefit cost ratio, rate of return and gross ratio of 1.51, 0.52 and 0.66, respectively while sole Amaranth production had a benefit cost ratio, rate of return and gross ratio of 1.15, 0.15 and 0.87, respectively. The result indicates that the two vegetable productions were profitable. Further analysis revealed that intercropping did not have significant (p<0.05) effect on the growth (plant height, number of leaves) of both vegetables. However, Jute yield was significantly (p<0.01) affected by Amaranth-Jute intercropping. Both the intercrop and sole Amaranth enterprises were profitable, but there was a significant difference in the profitability of the intercrop cropping system practised as the Amaranth/Jute intercrop was more profitable. The intercrop is, therefore, recommended to farmers since it is more profitable and provides a variety of income generation for the farmer’s thereby ensuring food and income security.
Соотношение институтов гражданского и налогового права в регулировании наследственных правоотношений
Authors: Имеда А.Ц.
Published: August 2021

В статье рассматриваются сложившиеся в теории и практике подходы, связанные с применением институтов гражданского и налогового права в регулировании наследственных правоотношений, возникающих в связи с притязаниями наследников на включение излишне уплаченных или взысканных сумм налогов, а равно сумм налоговых льгот, которые не были реально получены на момент смерти наследодателя. Анализируются имеющиеся подходы к данной проблеме федеральных органов исполнительной власти и к складывающейся судебной практике. Обосновывается возможность включения в наследственную массу излишне уплаченных и взысканных сумм налогов, а также не полученных на момент смерти наследодателя налоговых льгот в рамках реализации соответствующего порядка их предоставления.
Ground Segmentation Algorithm of Lidar Point Cloud Based on Ray-Ransac
Authors: Zhao Yawei , Liu Yanju , Yu Yang , Zhou Jiawei
Published: August 2021

Aiming at the problems of poor segmentation effect, low efficiency and poor robustness of the Ransac ground segmentation algorithm, this paper proposes a radar segmentation algorithm based on Ray-Ransac. This algorithm combines the structural characteristics of three-dimensional lidar and uses ray segmentation to generate the original seed point set. The random sampling of Ransac algorithm is limited to the original seed point set, which reduces the probability that Ransac algorithm extracts outliers and reduces the calculation. The Ransac algorithm is used to modify the ground model parameters so that the algorithm can adapt to the undulating roads. The standard deviation of the distance from the point to the plane model is used as the distance threshold, and the allowable error range of the actual point cloud data is considered to effectively eliminate the abnormal points and error points. The algorithm was tested on the simulation platform and the test vehicle. The experimental results show that the lidar point cloud ground segmentation algorithm proposed in this paper takes an average of 5.784 milliseconds per frame, which has fast speed and good precision. It can adapt to uneven road surface and has high robustness.
Comparison of Early Postoperative Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Robot-Assisted and Transsternal Thymectomy
Authors: Ancin Burcu , Melih Ozercan Mesut , Yilmaz Yigit , Uysal Serkan , Kumbasar Ulas , Dikmen Erkan , Yilmaz Mustafa , Dogan Riza
Published: August 2021

Objective: Robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) is a minimally invasive technique that has been used in thymectomy operations in recent years. Minimally invasive surgical techniques offer less postoperative pain, a shorter length of hospital stay, and faster recovery compared to conventional surgical techniques. In our study, we aimed to compare the outcomes of robotic and transsternal thymectomies by analyzing the operative and postoperative data of these two approaches. Methods: Twelve robotic thymectomy patients and 16 transsternal thymectomy patients who were operated on in our clinic in 2018 were included in the study. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of operative time (p=0.231). The median chest tube duration was 1.5 [range, 1-2] days in robotic thymectomy and 2.5 [range, 1-3.75] days in transsternal thymectomy. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.082). The amount of chest tube drainage was significantly lower in the robotic thymectomy group (p=0.006). The length of hospital stay was also significantly shorter in robotic thymectomy patients (p<0.001). Conclusion: The amount of chest tube drainage was lower and the length of hospital stay was shorter in the robotic surgery compared to the transsternal approach. There was no significant difference between the two techniques in terms of operative time. Within today's minimally invasive surgical techniques, robotic thymectomy can be considered a practical, comfortable, and safe technique with better early postoperative outcomes.

Keywords: Robot-Assisted Thymectomy, Thymectomy, Transsternal Thymectomy
Peplau’nun Kişilerarası İlişkiler Kuramı’nın Yetişkin Hasta Eğitiminde Kullanımı
Authors: PAYLAN AKKOÇ Cemre , YILDIRIM Yasemin , TÜREYEN Aynur
Published: August 2021

Günümüzde sağlık bakımı, hastaların bakımda bağımsız olmalarını ve öz yönetimlerini sağlayabilmelerini amaçlamaktadır. Bu noktada hemşirenin eğitimci rolü önem kazanmakta ve hasta eğitim sürecinin bireyin ihtiyaçları ve özellikleri doğrultusunda yürütülmesi gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle hasta eğitiminin planlanması ve uygulanmasında hemşirelik model ve teorilerini kullanmak; sistematik şekilde eğitim verilmesini sağlayarak eğitimin kalitesini arttıracaktır. Hemşirelik kuramlarından Hildegard E. Peplau’nun Kişilerarası İlişkiler Kuramı, bireyi eğitimin tüm aşamalarına dahil etmekte, bireyin benliğine saygı duyarak bağımsızlığını ve sağlıklı davranış yapısını teşvik etmektedir. Bu nedenle kuram, yetişkin eğitimi (androgoji) ilkeleriyle birçok açıdan örtüşmektedir. Derleme türünde olan bu makale, Peplau kuramına dayalı yetişkin bir hastanın eğitimine odaklanmakta ve bundan sonra yapılacak olan hasta eğitimlerinin planlanması ve uygulanmasında yol gösterici olmayı amaçlamaktadır.
El turismo comunitario como una alternativa de la dinamización de la economía popular y solidaria
Authors: Dillon Juan Francisco , Dillon Renato Fabián
Published: August 2021

Mediante una investigación descriptiva, se estudió tres experiencias turísticas comunitarias en las comunidades indígenas de la Provincia de Chimborazo y se analizó su relación con los fundamentos de la Economía popular y solidaria. Para el efecto,  se usó una propuesta teórico-metodológica centrada en la etnografía que propició el análisis de los procedimientos y estrategias concebidas o inducidas del funcionamiento turístico comunitario, valorando mediante una escala numérica aspectos como: valor turístico potencial, infraestructura y planta turística; organización y calidad de la oferta, valoración de productos de turismo comunitario, actividades económico-sociales ligadas a la organización turística que dinamizan la economía de las comunidades investigadas, de este análisis se desprende que el turismo comunitario influye en el crecimiento de la economía local de las comunidades investigadas, evidenciado mediante reducción del flujo migratorio, capacitación a los comuneros para la administración de los productos turísticos,  mejoramiento de la infraestructura y servicios básicos, creación de cajas de ahorro y crédito comunitario basado en la asociatividad y solidaridad, acciones que promueven y consolidan el sistema de economía social y solidaria y la integración de formas de organización económica que fortalece espacios de comercialización de bienes como estrategia para mejorar las condiciones de vida de los pueblos.

 

Through descriptive research, three community tourism experiences were studied in the indigenous communities of the Province of Chimborazo and their relationship with the foundations of the Popular and Solidarity Economy was analyzed. For this, a theoretical-methodological proposal focused on ethnography was used, which led to the analysis of the procedures and strategies conceived or induced of the community tourism operation, evaluating through a numerical scale aspects such as: potential tourist value, infrastructure and tourist facilities; organization and quality of the offer, valuation of community tourism products, economic-social activities linked to the tourist organization that stimulate the economy of the communities investigated, from this analysis it is clear that community tourism influences the growth of the local economy of the communities investigated, evidenced by reducing the flow of migration, training community members to administer tourism products, improving infrastructure and basic services, creating of savings and community credit funds based on associativity and solidarity, actions that promote and consolidate the social and solidarity economy system and the integration of forms of economic organization that strengthen spaces for the commercialization of goods as a strategy to improve the living conditions of the villages.
Supravalvar mitral stenosis in a two-year-old cat
Authors: Pereira C. Chamas Patricia , A. Gutierrez Rita de Cássia
Published: August 2021

Mitral valvular stenosis or supravalvular Mitral stenois (SVMS) is a congenital heart disease rarely diagnosed in cats. It is characterized by narrowing of the valve orifice or by presence of a supravalvular ring causing obstruction to mitral inflow and impaired atrial emptying, leading to increased left atrial pressure and pulmonary edema. Clinical signs include dyspnea, pulmonary hypertension, and arterial thromboembolism due to blood stasis associated with left atrial enlargement. We report the case of a 2-year-old feline with signs of aortic thromboembolism. The presence of supravalvular ring, and turbulent transmitral diastolic flow, confirming the diagnosis of SVMS. The importance of the inclusion of Mitral stenosis in the differential diagnosis of left atrial enlargement and aortic thromboembolism in felines is highlighted.
Gastrointestinal parasitic infection in urban dogs from different housing systems in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Giuliani Felipetto Lais , Ilha Martins Dirlaine , Cauduro Cadore Gustavo , Silveira F. Vogel Fernanda , de Avila Botton Sônia , Sangioni Luis Antonio
Published: August 2021

This study evaluated the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites and the frequency of parasitic infection in dogs of three different canine housing system in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A total of 125 fecal samples from dogs from shelter kennels, military kennels and commercial kennels was evaluated. Presence of endoparasites was observed in 50.4% of these samples, with mono infection occurring in 48% and multi-infection in 2.4%. Ancylostoma spp. was the most prevalent parasite. Dogs from shelter kennels had a higher rate of infection, followed by dogs at commercial and military kennels. The frequency of antiparasitic treatment was different at the three housing sites. The presence of parasitic species of zoonotic potential in dogs of the studied region suggests that even in urban areas there is a risk of infection of humans with canine intestinal parasites.
Terapan Augmented Reality Untuk Buku Cerita “Petualangan Jaka Aksara”
Authors: Sugiri Vini Elga , Cahyadi Rudy
Published: August 2021

Pembuatan Aplikasi Berbasis Augmented Reality Buku Cerita “Petualangan Jaka Aksara” adalah untuk mengembangakan imajinasi dan membangun kecerdasan emosional pada anak. Tahapan dalam membuat aplikasi ini dimulai dari tahap pra produksi seperti mengidentifikasi masalah dan pengumpulan data. Selanjutnya tahap produksi untuk pembuatan desain user interface aplikasi dan video mAugmotion untuk augmented reality, dan pembuatan project aplikasi. Dan diakhiri dengan tahap pasca produksi melakukan uji coba di berbagai perangkat smartphone android. Hasil uji coba memberikan kesimpulan bahwa aplikasi augmented reality buku cerita “Petualangan Jaka Aksara” dapa dijalankan dengan smartphone minimal spesifikasi processor Quad-core 1.2 GHz Snapdragon 410 dengan spesifikasi RAM 1 GB, sistem Android Lollipop, dan kamera belakang 8 MP. Adapun hasil yang terbaik disarankan menggunakan smartphone dengan processor Qualcomm Snapdragon 7290G Octa-core dengan spesifikasi RAM 8 GB, sistem Android Android 10, dan kamera belakang 12 MP. Setelah uji coba dilakukan dan semua berfungsi dengan baik selanjutnya pada tahap proses publishing.
Penerapan Algoritma ID3 dalam Prediksi Kebutuhan Pupuk
Authors: Aritonang Milyani
Published: August 2021

The need for fertilizer at the Plant Protection Development Unit (UPPT) is uncertain depending on the demand of farmers, therefore it is necessary to predict fertilizer needs. There are five types of fertilizers predicted by the Plant Protection Development Unit (UPPT), including Urea fertilizer, ZA fertilizer, SP-36 fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and Organic fertilizer, so fertilizer needs can be predicted. In predicting data mining on fertilizer needs using the ID3 algorithm. Where it works is calculating the value of entropy and gain to get the final result in the form of a tree to the decision and rule. Testing is done using the tanagra software. The results of the tests carried out on the tanagra application using the ID3 algorithm are in the form of a decision tree, while in the calculation the results obtained are in the form of a decision tree.
Perancangan Game RPG (Role Playing Game) “Nusantara Darkness Rises”
Authors: Kaban Roberto , Syahputra Fandy , Fajrillah Fajrillah
Published: August 2021

Games are generally used for entertainment, so by playing games the players will feel happy. Games can also be used as learning media with the concept of learning while playing. Each game has a set of logical functions and rules that guide the course of the game, as well as targets that must be achieved in each level. Each game has different logic and target functions. RPG(Role Playing Game) is one of the most popular game genres. In RPG games, it allows players to take on the roles of multiple imaginary characters and collaborate to complete in-game challenges. This study aims to create a game with the RPG genre with the theme of Indonesian culture and history. The tools used for designing this game are RPG Maker Mv, which is a special software for creating RPG genre games. In the design stage, the author uses the ADDIE method with stages consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The result of this research is an RPG game entitled "Nusantara Darkness Risess". It is hoped that with this game, it can attract people's interest to study Indonesian history and culture
Implementasi Aplikasi Mobile Peta NKRI (Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia) Berbasis Android Menggunakan Metode Prototype
Authors: Sari Adika May , Yani Desri , Suryani Desy
Published: August 2021

Android technology is developing very rapidly, it is proven that everything can be done easily. Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world. The alternative name for Indonesia is called Nusantara. With its many islands, Indonesia has 34 provinces. Therefore, the author makes an android-based application program about the map of the State of Indonesia. Where the method used is the prototype method. With Android studio programming language. This mobile application makes it easy for users to view a map of the Indonesian archipelago which consists of 34 provinces. This application is intended for school students, but ordinary people can also use it. In the past we could only see maps of the islands and provinces using books. With the development of mobile applications, an Android-based application for the NKRI map was made. In this application, users can view a map of Indonesia, and can use other features such as interactive games, questions about the map of Indonesia to add insight into the map of Indonesia
Quantum-Mechanical Substantiation of the Periodic System of Isotopes. Models of Nuclear Orbitals
Authors:   Ukrainian Nuclear Society, Kharkiv, Ukrainian, Magula AS
Published: August 2021

The topic of this article lies in the field of problems: substantiating the periodic system of isotopes and the principle of multilevel periodicity using quantum mechanical calculations, combining strong and electromagnetic interactions, and searching for the fundamental cause of periodicity in general. This article is a theoretical section and a continuation of the article: "Periodic system of isotopes", in which the system was checked against 10 types of experimental data, the periodic change of properties at the level of nuclei and the vertical symmetry of subgroups of isotopes were found. Periodic system of isotopes was constructed with the help of a special algorithm, the principle of multilevel periodicity of the atom, from the electrons to the nucleus. As a description of the multilevel periodicity, this paper presents a unified system of quantum numbers, which is used to describe both electron and nucleon shells (binomial probabilistic interpretation). With the binomial interpretation the problem of a particle in a one-dimensional potential well has been solved; quantummechanical calculations for the probability functions of the orbitals and periods of both electrons and nucleons have been performed - characteristic equations have been obtained, the projections of electronic orbitals have been reproduced and the binomial interpretation has been shown to correspond to the family of spherical harmonics. For the electron orbitals the calculation and analysis of solutions of the Schrödinger equation for the binomial interpretation of quantum numbers have been performed. The spatial nature of quantum numbers, for this interpretation, in the form of degrees of freedom is shown. Based on the principle of multilevel periodicity, expressions are derived and planar projections of nucleon nucleon orbitals are constructed, and similarity of the forms with electron orbitals is analyzed and revealed. A critical analysis of the modern spherical coordinate system was made, possible errors in the construction of electron orbitals were shown and, taking into account the drawbacks, two alternative spherical coordinate systems were proposed, for which Lame coefficients were calculated and Laplace equations were derived. As a search for the fundamental cause of multilevel periodicity, a spatial model with changing degrees of freedom 0-n is presented, its manifestation in nature (crystal forms) is found; a number of experiments are proposed; the predictions about the applicability of the multilevel periodicity principle in quark theory are made
The effect of music mat exercises on the device-measured sedentary time and physical activity among 4-6-year-old Finnish children and their parents: a pilot study
Authors: Tuominen Pipsa P A , Raitanen Jani , Husu Pauliina , Kujala Urho M
Published: August 2021

Exercises on a music mat were developed to promote Finnish, 4-6-year-old children’s and their parents’ physical activity (PA) and decrease sedentary behavior (SB) in the home environment. Altogether, fifteen families performed eight-week exercise intervention using a music mat. SB and PA were assessed by a tri-axial hip-worn accelerometer, and further by exercise diaries and questionnaires. The statistical methods employed a linear mixed-effects model design. Regarding children (n=14) and mothers (n=14), any statistically significant differences in the primary outcomes over time were not found. Among fathers (n=8), in turn, the reduction of SB was statistically significant (p=0.031). Most of the children and all the parents used the music mat less than instructed. The association between the children and their parents was negligible in all device-measured outcomes. One-third of children who used the music mat regularly as instructed increased their moderate-to-vigorous PA and Total-PA and decreased their SB. In conclusion, the music mat exercises in the home environment may promote PA or reduce SB among those who are willing to use the music mat regularly. At least, exercises might be a good addition to weekly PA and to break long sedentary bouts.
Effects of music on behaviour and the cardiovascular system in animals and human beings
Authors: Voelkel Eva-Maria , Reiner Gerald , Trappe Hans-Joachim
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground Music plays an important role during life. However, there is little known whether music of different styles can directly alter behavioural patterns in animals or cardiovascular parameters in humans.Objective To study the potential effects of classical music (CL) and heavy metal (HM) in comparison to silence (S) on behavioural patterns or cardiovascular parameters blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR).Method Behavioural patterns were examined in six German Large White pigs. More than 11.000 distinct singular behaviours were analyzed. Cortisol levels, heart rate and blood pressure were recorded in 60 healthy volunteers. In animals and in human beings an identical study protocol was used. In both groups, CL (Bach, Suite No. 3, BWV 1068), HM (Disturbed, Indestructible) S was applied. Sound exposure of CL, HM or the S period was 21 minutes. All data of the studied volunteers were compared to 60 healthy “control” (CO) participants who underwent an identical study protocol but without music application (S).Results In animals, we clearly could demonstrate that CL leads to significantly more activity and attention of the pigs (e,g. playing ball) compared to HM or S (p<0.001). In contrast, HM was significantly more associated with unexpected, stress related behavioural patterns (excitation, trying to escape) compared to CL or S (p<0.001). In humans, systolic, diastolic BP (mm Hg) and HR (beats per min) decreased mostly when CL was played compared to HM or controls (p<0.001), prior to and after sound exposure.Conclusions The results provide clear evidence for the potential of music styles to improve or deteriorate welfare in this farm animal species. It is obvious that CL (Bach) leads to both positive behavioural patterns in animals and decreased values of BP and HR. In HM or S we could not observe similar findings. Therefore, due to these experimental and clinical data, sound exposure with classical music has positive effects on cardiovascular parameters and will positively influence behavioural patterns in animals.
Parents as nurturing resources: A family integrated approach to music therapy for neonatal procedural support.
Authors: Ullsten Alexandra , Pölkki Tarja , Ghetti Claire M.
Published: August 2021

AbstractFamily integrated music therapy approaches may contribute significantly to the prevention and management of procedural pain in infants, and the discipline of music therapy requires more sophistication in understanding how and why. In this perspective article, we advocate for the unique role parents play in neonatal pain management and for the importance of supporting and educating parents to actively engage in music therapy as procedural support. Infant-directed singing can be an apt medium for parents and infants to communicate in affective mutual relationship during painful procedures. Music therapists can collaborate with parents in a way that positions parents as experts and assures they are empowered in their roles. In doing so, music therapy both coordinates with and extends the interdisciplinary team’s initiatives to provide individualized, family integrated developmental care. Neonatal pain research is an interdisciplinary field where music therapy has just started to publish results. Theory development is essential in advancing music therapy research and practice in this field. In our perspective paper, we present the theoretical underpinnings of a family integrated approach to music therapy as neonatal procedural support where parents are the primary (re)sources for nurture and pain alleviation.Keywords: music therapy, parental infant-directed singing, family integrated care, procedural support.
COVID-19: Implications and considerations for NICU music therapy in Italy, Japan and Colombia
Authors: Ettenberger Mark , Sgobbi Barbara , Eguchi Rieko , Beltrán Ardila Yenny Marcela , Torres Serrano Sergio Adolfo , Bolis Maria Elena , Agosti Massimo
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article outlines the shifts in NICU music therapy due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, Japan, and Colombia, from the beginning of the outbreak in each of the countries until September 2020. Detailed information will be provided on how the pandemic has changed hospital policies and has had an impact on the families and the music therapy services. Furthermore, the authors discuss current biosecurity protocols, parental visiting guidelines, telehealth strategies, and the financial impact of the pandemic. While the way healthcare workers and healthcare institutions cope with the current situation may be unique according to cultural and societal particularities in each country, many overlaps between the three countries were found.
Neonatal Music Therapy and Cerebral Oxygenation in Extremely and Very Preterm Infants: a Pilot Study
Authors: Van Dokkum Nienke H. , Kooi Elisabeth M.W. , Berhane Besrat , Ravensbergen Anne-Greet , Hakvoort Laurien , Jaschke Artur C. , Bos Arend F.
Published: August 2021

Music therapy is a novel intervention that may minimize neonatal stress. The mechanism of action is still largely unknown. We hypothesized that one mechanism of action regards altered brain oxygenation (either due to altered cerebral perfusion or altered cerebral oxygen consumption). We measured cerebral oxygenation before, during and after music therapy sessions using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). We extracted data on cerebral oxygen saturation (rcSO2) and calculated cerebral fractional tissue oxygen extraction (cFTOE). In addition, we measured heart rate. We included 20 infants, receiving 44 music therapy sessions. Median gestational age was 27 weeks, the majority were males. We identified two distinct reactions: in one group rcSO2 increased and cFTOE decreased during therapy compared with before therapy, whereas in the other group rcSO2 decreased and cFTOE increased during therapy compared with before therapy. The first may indicate a sedative effect, whereas the second may reflect a hyperalert state. The observed changes in heart rate may contribute to these observations through altered cerebral perfusion. The clinical significance of these two distinct reactions for music processing and (future) neurological functioning in these infants warrants further investigation.
Assessing & treating trauma: Music psychotherapy for parents of neonates
Authors: Loewy Joanne V. , Rossetti Andrew , Telsey Aimee , Dassler Ann Marie
Published: August 2021

Parents of neonates represent an integral area of potential clinical focus for practice consideration in NICU care. Fostering parents’ music as a unique forum, pre-emptive to the music they use for bonding with their infant, or for/with them exclusively, when their infants are not referred, can open many doors of critical relevance. Assessing the impact that early birth may have, and recognizing the experience of trauma that may potentially linger, can infringe upon valuable NICU time for parents and their infants. To address stress, and the potential of trauma, along with its definition and possible impact warrants knowledge of its symptomatology. In this article, stress will be defined, and the potential for acute stress and post traumatic stress disorder will be exemplified prior to addressing the potential parameters for music therapy involvement. Music psychotherapy for referred parents, with focused relevance to the ways in which impending fragility can be addressed with a holding environment of musical nurturance may provide meaningful moments of secured support. These moments, in turn, may likely serve as a safe space for the emergence of music connection with their infants. Our multi-disciplinary team will reflect upon experiences of collaborative practice with families who have experienced trauma related to premature birth. A case vignette highlighting the focal features of music psychotherapy with two parents and a video excerpt exemplifying their experience utilizing song of kin will follow. Keywords: NICU MT, neonatology, song of kin, music medicine, infant stimulation, trauma
Reflections on the challenges of the new (online) music therapy setting for people with dementia
Authors: Dassa Ayelet , Ray Kendra , Clements-Cortés Amy
Published: August 2021

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic globally enforced safety precautions were implemented resulting in increased social distancing and isolation especially among people with dementia and their caregivers. This critical situation intensified the need to reach and support this already vulnerable population. Music therapists have answered the challenge by providing telehealth music therapy. However, the new online setting raises questions and dilemmas. As music therapists who have worked for many years with people with dementia and their caregivers, we pause to reflect on the new path we took and consider what we can learn and embrace from this new modality of practice.
Evaluating the use of music-assisted caregiving interventions by certified nursing assistants caring for nursing home residents with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders and depressive symptoms: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Ray Kendra , Kaimal Girija , Dassa Ayelet , Slaughter-Acey Jaime , Mittelman Mary
Published: August 2021

In recent years, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) have become more common as people with HIV live longer due to advances in anti-retroviral medications. The symptoms of HAND are often associated with mild-to-severe cognitive impairment and depression, which may lead to burden and burnout among the certified nursing assistants (CNAs) of individuals with HAND. Music-based interventions provided by paid caregivers have been shown to have positive effects for people with cognitive impairments, depression, and HIV. However, little is known about the benefits of music-based interventions for people with HAND and depression. In this concurrent nested, mixed-methods experiment, 12 nursing home residents with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders and depression participated in 4 weeks of music-assisted caregiving with 5 CNAs. The music-assisted caregiving intervention significantly decreased depressive symptoms among the residents and personal achievement improved among the CNAs. This study supports the effectiveness of the music-assisted caregiving intervention in reducing depressive symptoms among nursing home residents with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders and provides directions for research to explore interdisciplinary approaches for people with HIV and related cognitive disorders further.
Telehealth music therapy for persons with dementia and/or caregivers
Authors: Clements-Cortés Amy , Mercadal-Brotons Melissa , Alcântara Silva Tereza Raquel , Vianna Moreira Shirlene
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed many restrictions on social interaction. Although these restrictions are challenging for everyone, they are particularly difficult for older adults who are often isolated. While telehealth has been around for a number of years, it had not been practiced to any great extent by music therapists until COVID-19. Telehealth will continue to prove valuable even when the pandemic ends, and as a result, it is timely to assess the benefits and recommendations for best practices. This paper provides a starting point of reflection for telehealth for persons with dementia, offering practical recommendations and implications for planning and training.
Special issue on music therapy in the context of dementia
Authors: Mercadal-Brotons Melissa
Published: August 2021

The demographic global changes in societies, coupled with the increase of life expectancy, have resulted in common disease processes at older ages...
Reviewing Sepa Language Extinction of the Indigenous Peoples of Amahai, Moluccas, Indonesia
Authors: Maggalatung Muhammad , Ridwan M. , Syarifudin Syarifudin , Darma Darma , Sulaeman Sulaeman
Published: August 2021

Threat language can be found in various local languages in Indonesia, including the Sepa language of the Indigenous peoples of Amahai, Moluccas, where the nationalization of Indonesian is a threat to its extinction. This paper aims to look at the extinction of regional languages from the framework of modernization and contestation of regional languages with national languages. This study is conducted qualitatively, data collection based on interviews, literature study, and observation obtained from Raja Sepa, community leaders, customary stakeholders. Research shows that the language in Maluku is almost extinct in line with the narrowing of regional language spaces; the language has been abandoned by its speakers because of the process of modernization and migration. This study shows the need for revitalization of the Sepa language through facilitating the mapping of the Sepa language comprehensively, making the Sepa language dictionary, and integrating the Sepa language into the local curriculum.