bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos do verso e sua crise nas retraduções brasileiras de Un coup de dés, de Stéphane Mallarmé
Authors: Provinzano Amaral Henrique
Published: December 2020

Este artigo se dedica à leitura crítica de duas traduções brasileiras do célebre poema mallarmeano Um lance de dados [Un coup de dés, 1897], assinadas por Haroldo de Campos e Álvaro Faleiros e publicadas pela primeira vez, respectivamente, em 1974 e 2013. Como mote de nossa análise, buscamos retomar aspectos da reflexão de Stéphane Mallarmé em torno da ideia de verso, levando em consideração elementos da história literária e de parte do debate que aquele notável assunto suscitou no século XIX francês. Nesse contexto, ganha relevo especial o texto “Crise de vers”, constante do volume mallarmeano das Divagations (1897). Por fim, confrontamos algumas das soluções de tradução adotadas por cada tradutor, com o intuito de arrazoar um juízo crítico possível dessas reescritas tradutórias em meio à anterior discussão sobre o verso e sua crise.
relation between evaluative stances and narratological elements in an audio description script for theatre
Authors: Vieira Taillade Abud Janaína , Santiago Araújo Vera Lúcia
Published: December 2020

The question of neutrality in audio description (AD) has been discussed by professionals and researchers. Following several studies started by Praxedes Filho and Magalhães (2013, 2015), this article analyzes if evaluative stances identified via the Appraisal System (AS) in the AD script of the play Miralu and the Magic Telescope (Miralu e a Luneta Encantada) can be related to narratological elements. For this purpose, we have adopted a corpus-based methodology, using categories of AS, up to the second level of delicacy, as well as narratological ones based on Jiménez Hurtado (2010) and Pavis (2011, 2015). As a result, we have found 166 co-occurrences of evaluative stances and narratological elements, among which there are 73 (43,98%) associated to gesture, 42 (25,30%) to costume and 40 (24,10%) to lighting descriptions. These findings suggest that these co-occurrences are probably not coincidental, taking into consideration that other studies have already pointed out the importance of subjective description in the AD scripts.
Pontos sem nós: o controle do acaso na era da algoritmização da vida e da hiperespetacularização da realidade
Authors: Mieli Silvio R.
Published: December 2020

Os lances de dados jamais abolirão o acaso, ou será que a datificação e a algoritmização não estão colocando em xeque exatamente a margem de indeterminação da própria vida, como máquina de invenção de novas realidades? As formas contemporâneas de poder e de controle (quantificação e espetacularização) tramam contra a biodiversidade informacional e a diferença, baseada na qualidade, na intensidade e na própria emoção humana. O artigo caracteriza e exemplifica o fenômeno através do atual estágio da sociedade do espetáculo, definida pela união entre hype e algoritmo, numa espécie de biometria emocional (codificação das emoções).
Abstract P116: Chronic Kidney Disease And Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Esther D , Ding Ning , Ishigami Junichi , Ning Xuejuan , Feng Yijing , Coresh Josef , Chen Lin Y , Matsushita Kunihiro
Published: December 2020

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) strongly predicts sudden cardiac death and may elevate the risk of certain cardiac arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation; however, the relationships between CKD and various types of arrhythmia are not well-characterized.

Methods:
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching Embase and PubMed for prospective, cross-sectional, and case-control studies examining the associations of two key CKD measures, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria, with arrhythmias in adults that were published until July 2018. We performed qualitative assessment of studies using the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. We pooled the results using random-effects models.

Results:
Among 16,245 articles, we identified 34 prospective (n=24,213,233), 21 cross-sectional (n=253,328), and 4 case-control (n=1,694) studies that included diverse study populations from 19 countries and were mostly high quality. Most prospective studies examined the relationship between eGFR and atrial fibrillation (AF), and demonstrated that lower eGFR was associated with a higher risk of AF (pooled hazard ratio [HR] 1.72 [95% CI: 1.30, 2.27] comparing reduced vs. referent eGFR groups)[
Figure
]. A few studies examined albuminuria and demonstrated its associations with AF (pooled HR 2.16 [95% CI: 1.74, 2.67] comparing high vs. low albuminuria). Results were similar for cross-sectional studies. Four prospective studies reported a higher incidence of ventricular tachycardia resulting in ICD shock according to reduced eGFR (pooled HR 2.32 [95% CI: 1.74, 3.09] comparing reduced vs. referent eGFR groups). Limited number of studies examined other types of arrhythmia.

Conclusion:
We identified robust data on the relationship between CKD (eGFR and albuminuria) and AF. Reduced eGFR was associated with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Our review highlights the need of future studies for non-AF arrhythmias, especially in the context of albuminuria.
Abstract P139: Clinical Classifiers To Identify Prevalent Aortopathy In Patients With Bicuspid Versus Tricuspid Aortic Valves
Authors: Gaye Bamba , Vignac Maxime , Jesper Gådin , Jouven Xavier , Franco-Cereceda Anders , Per Eriksson
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims:
The mechanisms underlying bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) ascending aortic aneurysm are still unknown. We sought to identify predictors of aortopathy in BAV and TAV patients, respectively, and determine the genetic contribution to the valve phenotype.

Methods:
This study included BAV (n=545) and TAV (n=496) patients with aortic valve disease and/or ascending aorta dilatation but devoid of coronary artery disease. We applied machine learning algorithms and classic logistic regression models using multiple variable selection methodologies to predict individuals of high risk of aneurysm. Analyses included comprehensive multidimensional data (i.e., valve morphology, plasma analyses, genetic- and clinical data, family history of cardiovascular diseases, prevalent diseases, demographic, lifestyle and medication). The genetic impact on phenotype was estimated in a genome-wide complex trait analysis using a variance components model.

Results:
BAV patients were younger (60.4±12.3 years) than TAV patients (70.2±9.5 years), and had a higher frequency of aortic dilatation (45.1% and 29% for BAV and TAV, respectively. P<0.001). The unadjusted aneurysm prediction model showed a mean AUC of 0.8 for TAV patients, with absence of aortic stenosis (AS) being the main predictor, followed by diabetes and hsCRP. Using the same clinical measures in our prediction model for BAV patients resulted in a AUC of only 0.6 which cannot be considered a good predictor of aortic dilatation. Instead, genetic estimation showed higher genetic impact on BAV patients for both ascending aortic dimensions (sinotubular junction, sinus valsalva and aortic root) (genetic impact of 0.8 and 0.3 on BAV and TAV, respectively) and plasma profiles of 455 proteins (BAV: 0.8 vs. TAV: 0.3, for both dimensions and protein levels).

Conclusions:
The predictive classifier of TAV patients is clinically relevant and potentially offers important implications for better targeting TAV individual at high risk of developing aneurysm. Cardiovascular risk profiles appear to be more predictive of aortopathy than valve morphology and genetic data in TAV patients, whereas in BAV patients, the genetic contribution exceeds environmental factors.
Abstract P154: Disparities in Geographic and Temporal Trends of Myocardial Infarction Hospitalizations in Florida, 2005-2014
Authors: Odoi Evah W , Nagle Nicholas , Jordan Melissa , DuClos Chris , Kintziger Kristina
Published: December 2020

Background:
Knowledge of the extent of geographic disparities in the burden of myocardial infarction (MI) is useful for allocation of scarce public health resources to reduce health disparities and improve population health, regardless of whether MI is the primary or secondary cause for hospitalization. The objectives of this study were to identify: (a) geographic disparities in hospitalization risks for MI in Florida; and (b) the temporal changes in these disparities from 2005 to 2014.

Methodology:
We aggregated county-level data for principal and secondary inpatient MI-related hospital discharges in Florida between 2005 and 2014 by 2-year intervals and calculated age- and sex- adjusted MI hospitalization risks for each time interval. We identified spatial clusters of low- and high-risk MI hospitalization risks using circular spatial scan statistics and tracked MI risks in clusters that persisted throughout the 10-year study period. We also assessed health disparities between persistent high- and low-risk clusters at the end of the study (2013-2014) compared to the beginning of the study (2005-2006) periods.

Results:
MI hospitalization risks decreased by 15% in Florida overall during the 10-year study period. However, we found persistent disparities in MI risks by geographic location, with high-risk clusters occurring in north-, west-, south-central and southeast Florida, and low-risk clusters occurring in southeast and southwest Florida. A low-risk cluster that transitioned to high-risk status in the last four years of study was identified in northwest Florida. We also found substantial differences in the magnitude of decline in MI risks amongst clusters, with risks decreasing by 5%, 16% and 31% in high-risk clusters in west central, south central and north central Florida, respectively, and by 6.5% and 26% in low-risk clusters in southwest and southeast Florida, respectively. Furthermore, the risks only decreased during the first 6-8 years of study, after which they leveled off or ticked upwards. Consequently, health disparities between high- and low-risk clusters at the end of the study compared to the beginning of the study period decreased by 57% and 31.5% in north- and south-central Florida, respectively, but they remained relatively unchanged in west central Florida. Moreover, MI hospitalization risks in high-risk clusters lag behind those in low-risk clusters by at least a decade.

Conclusion:
Myocardial infarction hospitalization risks declined modestly during 10-year study period. However, persistent disparities continue to exist across space and time. Addressing these disparities will require targeting intervention efforts to counties with persistently high risks.
Abstract P258: Factors Associated With Imaging Choice of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients and the Related Health Outcomes
Authors: Wang Jason J , Boltyenkov Artem , Martinez Gabriela , Katz Jeffrey M , Hoang Angela , Sanelli Pina C
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) presents an ongoing challenge for population health and availability of healthcare resources. Imaging plays a critical role in both diagnosis and treatment decisions in AIS, but optimal utilization regarding advanced imaging with angiography and perfusion using either CTAP or MRAP remain uncertain according to national guidelines. Consequently, wide variation in AIS imaging exists in clinical practice, mostly defaulted to physician preferences and institutional factors, without a clear understanding of the benefits and risks involved in stroke care. Although CTAP and MRAP each have unique benefits and risks in the AIS setting, the effect of this risk-benefit tradeoff on health outcomes and utilization of resources is unknown. This study analyses the factors associated with imaging preferences and the related health outcomes.

Method:
We performed a retrospective study on an AIS registry consisting of consecutive patients admitted to our institution from November 1, 2011, through October 1, 2018. Imaging and treatment selections and modified Rankin Score (mRS) at discharge were the main outcomes. Independent variables include age, gender, race-ethnicity, and NIH stroke score (NIHSS) at admission. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
1884 patients with curated imaging data during hospitalization were included. Among them, 32% were ≥80 years old, 47.4% female, 15.53% black, 60.3% white, and 24.4% with NIHSS≥10 at admission. CTAP and MRAP were performed in 21.1% and 72.2% patients, respectively. 46.1% received thrombolytics (IV-tPA), 1.3% had endovascular therapy (EVT), and 52.7% were not treated. The two clinical outcomes were independent functionality at discharge (mRS0-2) at 48.4%, and patients expired in hospital at 7.1%.

Adjusted by all the factors, regression models showed that patients with NIHSS≥10 were more likely to receive CTAP (p<0.0001, OR=3.39) and less likely to receive MRAP (p<0.0001, OR=0.48); whereas age ≥80 was less likely to receive CTAP (p<0.0001, OR=0.37) or MRAP (p<0.0001, OR=0.37). NIHSS≥10 (p<0.0001, OR=0.15) and IV-tPA (p=0.0006, OR=0.69) were negatively related to independent functionality at discharge, and MRAP (p<0.0001, OR=1.97) was positively related to it. NIHSS≥10 (p=0.0212, OR=1.69) were positively related to mortality, while utilization of MRAP showed a negative relationship (p<0.0001, OR=0.26) with it.

Conclusion:
Higher NIHSS was positively associated with mortality and utilization of CTAP, while it is negatively associated with MRAP. MRAP was positively related to independent functionality at discharge. Older age was negatively associated with CTAP or MRAP utilization.
Abstract P288: Parent-child Associations In Cardiovascular Health
Authors: Allen Norrina B , McCabe Megan , Krefman Amy , Lloyd-jones Donald M , Marino Bradley S , VAN HORN Linda , HOU Lifang , Labarthe Darwin R , Perak Amanda , Davis Matthew , Flynn Rachel , Wakschlag Lauren
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Shared genetics may explain some of the strong heritability of cardiovascular (CV) disease, however, excess risk is largely due to intergenerational transmission of poor lifestyles leading to the increased presence of cardiovascular risk factors. We examined the association between parental and child CV health (CVH), including behavioral and clinical factors.

Methods:
Participants of the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers Study (MAPS) and a parent (predominantly mothers) were recruited for a CVH exam when the child was 9-11 yrs (in 2018-19). Five CVH metrics were collected in children and parents: BMI and blood pressure via standardized measurements, and diet, physical activity and smoking via questionnaire. CVH was defined as the sum of ideal (2 points), intermediate (1 point) and poor (0 points) levels of the 5 metrics, as defined by the AHA. The overall CVH score (range: 0-10) was stratified into high (9-10), moderate (5-8) and low (0-4). Logistic regression was used to examine relationships between ideal CVH in children and various predictors, including parental employment, income, and ideal CVH.

Results:
Among 185 participants (53% female, 12% Non-Hispanic White, 52% non-Hispanic Black and 30% Hispanic; mean age 11) 5% had low, 75% moderate and 20% had high CVH. Looking at the metrics individually, poor diet was the most common (43%), followed by BMI (22%), physical activity (18%), smoking (2%), and BP (1%). Among the parents, 19% were in low, 71% moderate and 10% high CVH. After adjusting for race, age, and sex, the strongest predictor of a child’s CVH score was parental CVH score (p=0.007). If a parent had high CVH, the child was 5 times more likely to have high CVH (OR: 5.03, 95% CI: 1.55-16.33).

Conclusions:
In this MAPS cohort, there was an association between ideal CVH in parents and ideal pre-adolescence CVH in children. These results suggest that interventions to preserve and restore CVH must be family-based.
Abstract P307: Trends In Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Metabolic Syndrome Among Us Women Of Reproductive Age: 1988-2016
Authors: Delker Erin , Allison Matthew A
Published: December 2020

Objective:
To compare trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by race/ethnicity among US women ages 18-49 years between 1988 and 2016.

Methods:
Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we classified MetS according to AHA/NHLBI criteria and calculated age-standardized prevalence of MetS in the following periods: 1988-94, 1999-04, 2005-10, and 2011-16. Our sample included nonpregnant women 18-49 years of age who self-reported as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, or Mexican American. For each period, we estimated relative (prevalence ratio, PR) and absolute (prevalence difference, PD) differences by race/ethnicity. We tested heterogeneity of these estimates using ANOVA to determine if the differences between groups significantly widened or narrowed over time. All analyses were stratified by gravidity (nulligravida vs. primi- and multigravida).

Results:
Between 1988-94 and 2011-16, the age-standardized prevalence of MetS for nulligravida and primi-/multigravida women increased from 10% to 19% and 16% to 28%, respectively. Among
nulligravida women
, the relative differences in MetS between NH Black and NH White women decreased (PR
1988-94
=1.6, PR
1999-04
=1.4, PR
2005-10
=1.4, PR
2011-16
=1.0), while the difference between Mexican American and NH White women declined in 1999-04, but increased after (PR
1988-94
=2.2, PR
1999-04
=1.0, PR
2005-10
=1.5, PR
2011-16
=1.7). Compared to NH White women, the absolute differences for NH Black (PD
1988-94
=5.8%, PD
1999-04
=9.2%, PD
2005-10
=7.5%, PD
2011-16
=-0.5%) and Mexican American women (PD
1988-94
=11.1%, PD
1999-04
=-0.2%, PD
2005-10
=9.3%, PD
2011-16
=11.9%) followed similar patterns. Moreover, and among
primi-/multigravida women
, the relative differences between NH Black and NH White women remained stable (PR
1988-94
=1.3, PR
1999-04
=1.3, PR
2005-10
=1.5, PR
2011-16
=1.3), while the differences between Mexican American and NH White women declined (PR
1988-94
=1.8, PR
1999-04
=1.6, PR
2005-10
=1.3, PR
2011-16
=1.3). Again, compared to NH White women, absolute differences for NH Black (PD
1988-94
=4.4, PD
1999-04
=8.5, PD
2005-10
=10.7, PD
2011-16
=7.0) and Mexican American women (PD
1988-94
=12.2, PD
1999-04
=15.4, PD
2005-10
=5.7, PD
2011-16
=7.1) were similar. We found no evidence of significant heterogeneity of PRs and PDs across time for any group.

Conclusions:
Since 1988, prevalence of MetS among US women ages 18-49 has nearly doubled. The increase in prevalence was similar across NH White, NH Black and Mexican American women. Among nulligravida women, those that self-reported as Mexican American had the highest burden of MetS, while among primi-/multigravida women, the prevalence of MetS was consistently higher among both Mexican American and non-Hispanic Blacks.
Abstract P350: The Link Between Cognitive Function and Cause-specific Mortality in US Adults
Authors: Sedaghat Sanaz , SABAYAN Behnam , Sorond Farzaneh A , Carnethon Mercedes R
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Multiple studies demonstrated an independent and inverse association between cognitive function and mortality but little is known about the cause of death.

Hypothesis:
We hypothesized that lower cognitive function is related to higher mortality risk and this association is stronger for cardiovascular related deaths.

Methods:
We included 5569 persons (mean[SE] age 71[0.05], 52% women), from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) with available cognitive function measurements and mortality follow-up. Cognitive domains include orientation, attention, immediate and delayed memory as well as global cognition. We used weighted Cox proportional regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, smoking, history of diabetes and cardiovascular disorders.

Results:
During an average follow-up of 12 years, 1887 participants died from cardiovascular causes and 2675 died from non-cardiovascular causes. Each SD lower global cognitive performance (SD=6) was related to a 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.17) higher hazard of all-cause mortality. The associations were more prominent with cardiovascular mortality than with non- cardiovascular mortality (Table).

Conclusion:
Cognitive impairment in the absence of manifest dementia is an important independent predictor of mortality, in particular from cardiovascular causes.
Abstract P358: Consumption of Better Quality Grain Products and Fat Sources is Associated With the Greatest Increments in Diet Quality for US Adults
Authors: Sullivan Valerie , Petersen Kristina , Fulgoni Victor , Eren Fulya , Cassens Martha E , Bunczek Michael T , Kris-etherton Penny M
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
The Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 quantifies alignment with the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans by scoring and totaling 13 components. Higher scores have been associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The contributions of individual components toward total diet quality and associations with health in American adults have not been determined.

Hypothesis:
It was hypothesized that the individual HEI-2015 components would differentially contribute to total diet quality and correlate with CVD risk factors in U.S. adults.

Methods:
Non-pregnant, non-lactating adult participants (age 19+ years) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2016 with at least one reliable 24-hour dietary recall were included in the analysis (n=39,799). Total and component HEI-2015 scores were calculated per person using a single recall. Linear regression models accounting for the complex sampling design were used to assess associations between total and component HEI-2015 scores and CVD risk factors after adjustment for potential confounders. Significance of beta coefficients was defined by p<0.01.

Results:
Total HEI-2015 score was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; ß±SE, 0.10±0.01 mg/dL) and inversely associated with BMI (-0.05±0 kg/m
2
), waist circumference (WC; -0.13±0.01 cm), systolic blood pressure (SBP; -0.04±0.01 mmHg), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; -0.09±0.03 mg/dL), triglycerides (-0.20±0.08 mg/dL), fasting glucose (-0.05±0.02 mg/dL), and insulin (-0.03±0.01 μU/mL). All component scores increased with total score. The Whole Grains and Fatty Acid Ratio components made the greatest contributions (both +0.12 points or 12%) to each one-unit increase in HEI-2015, followed by moderation components Refined Grains and Saturated Fat (both +0.11 or 11%). Increases in the Fatty Acid Ratio score were explained by decreasing saturated fat (-1.67 g/unit, 95% CI: -1.73 to -1.61) and increasing polyunsaturated fat (PUFA; 1.17 g/unit, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.22); increases in monounsaturated fats were relatively small (0.18 g/unit, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.25). The predominant PUFA was linoleic acid, which increased 1.06 g/unit (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.11). Scores for grain-related components were favorably associated with BMI, WC, SBP and HDL-C; fat quality components were inversely associated with BMI, WC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides.

Conclusion:
Diet quality is favorably associated with several CVD risk factors. Approximately 50% of each 1-point increase in HEI-2015 is related to the quality of grain-based products and fat sources. Choosing whole grains instead of refined grains, and PUFA in place of saturated fats, is associated with improvements in diet quality and cardiovascular health.
Abstract P402: Aortic Stiffness and 5-year Cognitive Decline Among Community-dwelling Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (aric-ncs)
Authors: Wei Jingkai , Palta Priya , Wu Aozhou , Meyer Michelle , Sharret A. Richey , Tanaka Hirofumi , Knopman David , Kucharska-newton Anna , Hughes Timothy , Matsushita Kunihiro , Mosley Thomas , HEISS Gerardo M
Published: December 2020

Background:
Vascular aging is associated with cognitive decline. Aortic stiffness is a hallmark of vascular aging. We tested the hypothesis that greater aortic stiffness is associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline over 5 years among older adults.

Methods:
A prospective cohort study at the 5th (2011-2013) and 6th (2016-2017) examinations of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS) was conducted to quantify the association between baseline aortic stiffness and cognitive decline over 5 years. A total of 4639 participants (mean age: 75 years, 41% men, 22% Black) with baseline measures of aortic stiffness and cognitive function were included in the analysis. Aortic stiffness was measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) using the Omron VP-1000 Plus device and analyzed continuously per 1 standard deviation meter/second (3.20 m/s). Elevated aortic stiffness was defined as the upper 25th percentile of cfPWV (13.39 m/s). Cognitive function was based on ten neuropsychological tests across multiple domains of cognition, including memory, executive function/processing speed, and language. A global cognitive performance factor score was estimated based on all cognitive tests at both visits. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the associations of each standard deviation (SD) increment in cfPWV and elevated cfPWV with annual cognitive decline over 5 years. Interactions with baseline cognitive status were assessed. To account for attrition (35% over 5 years), multiple imputation by chained equations was used to impute missing global cognitive performance factor scores at visit 6.

Results:
Each 1 SD increase in cfPWV was associated with 0.008 SD (Beta (β)=-0.008, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.010, -0.003) annual rate of decline in cognitive function after adjustment for age, sex, education, race-center and ApoE4. With additional adjustment for ever smoking, total weekly physical activity time, mean arterial pressure, diabetes, and body mass index, each SD higher cfPWV was associated with 0.005 SD (β=-0.005, 95% CI: -0.010, -0.001) annual rate of decline in cognitive function. Elevated cfPWV was associated with 0.015 SD (β=-0.015, 95% CI: -0.024, -0.005) annual decline in cognitive function, and with 0.010 SD (β=-0.010, 95% CI: -0.020, 0.0001) annual decline after additional adjustment.

Conclusion:
Higher aortic stiffness is associated with the rate of decline in global cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults. The hemodynamic sequelae of aortic stiffening may contribute to cognitive decline among older adults.
Abstract P408: Cardiovascular Health And Recovery From Mobility Limitation in Middle Aged African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Odden Michelle C , Sims Kendra D , Thorpe Roland , Min Nancy , Dhamoon Mandip S , Sims Mario , Correa Adolfo
Published: December 2020

Despite a well-established literature demonstrating that African Americans shoulder a high burden of mobility limitation, little is known about factors associated with recovery. Although poor cardiovascular health is a risk factor for mobility limitation, its role in recovery is less clear. The present study investigated demographic and cardiovascular factors associated with recovery from incident mobility limitation within one year in the Jackson Heart Study, a cohort study of African Americans in Jackson, MS. Participants underwent three in-person interviews and exams from 2000-2013, and mobility limitations were assessed by self-reported limitations in walking half a mile or climbing stairs during annual phone calls. The outcome of interest, recovery from mobility limitation, was defined as no mobility limitation the following year. Candidate predictor variables were assessed in logistic regression models and included sociodemographic factors, behaviors, cardiovascular health measures, and chronic conditions. Multiple imputation using chained equations was used to address missing data. Among 5,276 participants [mean (SD) age = 55.4 (12.9) years], 1,759 (33%) had an incident mobility limitation over 12 years of follow-up, and 953 (54%) reported recovery from mobility limitation by one year later. Young women were more likely to recover from mobility limitation than young men. However, with increasing age, women were less likely to recovery from mobility limitation compared with men (p-value for age and gender interaction = 0.03). In adjusted models, being married was associated with a greater likelihood of recovering (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.55), whereas a history of heart failure and current statin use were associated with a lower likelihood of recovering (OR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.98 and 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.98, respectively). In conclusion, the majority of incident mobility limitations in this population of middle-aged African Americans was transient. Being married may support recovery from limitations by providing a form of structural social support. Cardiovascular health status appears to be an important factor in recovery.
Abstract P435: Associations of Endogenous Sex Hormone Levels With the Prevalence and Progression of Valvular and Thoracic Aortic Calcification in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Sharma Apurva , Ogunmoroti Oluseye , Fashanu Oluwaseun , Zhao Di , Ouyang Pamela , Budoff Matthew J , Thomas Isac C , Michos Erin D
Published: December 2020

Background:
Sex hormone (SH) levels may contribute to sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among women and men. We previously found that high free testosterone (T) and low sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were associated with progression of coronary artery calcification in women. Extra-coronary calcification (ECC) predicts incident clinical CVD independent of traditional risk factors. We examined whether SH were also associated with ECC prevalence and progression among MESA participants free of clinical CVD at baseline.

Methods:
We studied 2883 postmenopausal women and 3164 men who had endogenous SH levels measured at baseline. ECC was measured by non-contrast cardiac CT at baseline and at a follow-up visit up to 5 years later. ECC included ascending and descending thoracic aortic calcification (ATAC, DTAC), mitral annular calcification (MAC) and aortic valve calcification (AVC). We used multivariable Poisson regression to evaluate associations with ECC prevalence and risk of developing ECC (Agatston scores >0) and linear mixed effects models for ECC progression, per 1 SD increment in log (SH) level in women and men separately.

Results:
The mean (SD) age was 64 (9) years for women and 62 (10) years for men. In women, greater free T and lower SHBG were associated with MAC incidence in a demographic-adjusted model but were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for CVD risk factors (
Table
). In men, lower free T was associated with MAC prevalence, DTAC incidence and progression while greater SHBG was associated with MAC prevalence and DTAC progression in fully adjusted models. We did not find associations of SH with AVC or ATAC in either men or women.

Conclusion:
In this diverse cohort free of CVD, we found certain associations of SH with measures of ECC. In particular, free T was inversely associated with prevalent MAC and DTAC progression in men independent of CVD risk factors. SH may influence vascular calcification but further work is needed to understand the clinical implications of these findings.
Abstract P453: Short-term Air Pollution Exposures, Lifestyle Risk Factors, and Glucose Levels: A Family-based Study in China
Authors: Wang Mengying , Tian Yaohua , Wu Yao , Wang Xiaowen , Wu Junhui , Wang Zijing , Wu Tao , Hu Yonghua
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Previous studies have reported the association between ambient air pollution exposures and glucose levels. However, less is known about whether usual lifestyles could modify the association.

Hypothesis:
We assessed the hypothesis that lifestyles may modify the association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and fasting blood glucose levels among Chinese populations.

Methods:
The analysis was based on a family-based study in Northern China. In addition, data of air pollution from 2014 to 2017 were obtained from the Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center. A generalized additive model was adopted to estimate the change in blood glucose levels with a 10 μg/m
3
increase in 2-day moving average concentrations of air pollutants (lag0-1) (considering the potential lag pattern effect of air pollution on glucose levels). Interaction analyses were conducted by including a cross-product term of PM
2.5
or PM
10
by lifestyles (smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, and sedentary lifestyles) in the models.

Results:
A total of 4,151 participants (2259 females, 1892 males, 58.9±8.7 years) without antidiabetic drugs on the survey day were included in the analysis. We found a 10 μg/m
3
increase in PM
2.5
concentrations and PM
10
concentrations corresponded to 0.06 (95% CI: 0.04-0.09) and 0.06 (95% CI: 0.04-0.08) mmol/L increase in glucose levels, respectively after adjusting for sex, age, education levels, BMI (kg/m
3
), smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyles, family history of diabetes, use of antidiabetic drugs, temperature, and relative humidity. Besides, the results showed higher risks of PM
2.5
and PM
10
among the overweight and obese when compared with the normal weight (
P
for interaction less than 0.05). However, drinking status and sedentary lifestyles did not modify the association between PM and glucose levels.

Conclusions:
Short-term exposures to air pollution were associated with higher blood glucose levels, which could be modified by BMI. Populations with higher BMI may be more susceptible to the adverse effects.
Abstract P473: Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Health Among Afro-Caribbean Immigrants in New York City
Authors: Thomas Sabena , Umer Amna , Commodore-mensah Yvonne , Davidov Danielle , Abildso Christiaan
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Research on cardiovascular health (CVH) and risk factors among immigrants has been well-documented. Less is known about social influences on CVH, among black immigrants. Despite having the largest population of black immigrants in the U.S., Afro-Caribbean (AC) immigrants have been underrepresented in health research. We examined the social determinants of CVH among AC immigrants (Guyanese, Haitian and Jamaican) in New York City (NYC).

Hypothesis:
We hypothesized that social determinants of CVH will vary among the three ethnic sub-groups of AC immigrants.

Methods:
We included 1691 AC immigrants who reported their race as non-Hispanic Black and country of birth (COB) as Guyana (n= 369), Haiti (n= 291) or Jamaica (n= 1031) in the 2010-2014 administrations of the New York City Community Health Survey. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between social determinants and CVH (ideal vs intermediate/poor) using AHA’s CVH metrics.

Results:
The majority of the sample was female (59.2%) and reported high school education or less (53.9%). Most AC immigrants reported to have ideal CVH (71.3%). Education was significantly associated with CVH only among Jamaican immigrants. Jamaican immigrants with ≤ high school education were more likely to have intermediate/poor CVH compared to those with ≥ some college education.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that social determinants influencing CVH differ among AC immigrant sub-groups in NYC. These findings suggest that social determinants influencing CVH differ among AC immigrant sub-groups in NYC. National surveillance efforts should obtain more complete data on country of origin and oversample racial/ethnic minority groups in order to better understand their CVH outcomes. Future research should examine other social factors that may influence CVH among black immigrants.
Abstract P500: 24-Month Follow-Up of the
‘Stand and Move at Work’
Sedentary Behavior Intervention: Effects on Cardiometabolic Risk in Those With Dysglycemia
Authors: Pereira Mark A , Mullane Sarah L , Toledo Meynard J , Rydell Sarah A , Larouche Miranda , Vuong Brenna , Feltes Linda H , Mitchell Nathan R , de Brito Junia N , Hasanaj Kristina , Carlson Neil , Gaesser Glenn A , Crespo Noe C , Oakes J. M , Buman Matthew P
Published: December 2020

Long-term effects of workplace sedentary behavior interventions on cardiometabolic risk are poorly understood.
Stand and Move at Work
was a multi-site group randomized trial in 24 worksites (N=630, 74% female, 45±11 years of age) of office-based employees in Phoenix, AZ and Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN. Worksites in the
STAND+
study arm received 12 months of a multilevel (i.e., worksite policy, environmental, and individual-level strategies) intervention to increase light-intensity physical activity along with a sit-stand workstation (SSW) to increase standing time. Worksites in the
MOVE+
study arm received the same multilevel intervention but were not provided the SSW until after the intervention ended at 12 months. The STAND+ arm, but not the MOVE+ arm, had significant reductions in sedentary time over the 12-month intervention. However, 12-month improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors were only observed among a subgroup with dysglycemia (prediabetes or diabetes). Here we report the long-term follow-up of these changes, 12 months after the end of the trial (24 months). Results are shown in the Table. The effects at 12 months were largely sustained at 24 months. Although limited by the small sample size in this subgroup, long-term meaningful and sustained improvement in blood glucose, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and weight may be observed from a multilevel workplace sedentary behavior intervention that includes sit-stand workstations.
The International Right to Housing, Evictions and the Obligation to Provide Alternative Accommodation
Authors: Vols Michel , Kusumawati Erna Dyah
Published: December 2020

This article analyses if, and how, the international right to housing obliges states to protect the victims of justifiable evictions, particularly evictions due to rent arrears. It concerns a comparative analysis of practices in one Asian and one European jurisdiction: Indonesia and the Netherlands. The study juxtaposes measures adopted by each of the governments, regarding their obligations to protect tenants from eviction and to rehouse them post-eviction. As the use of rental accommodation in Indonesia is increasing, a comparison with the Netherlands – where rental accommodation has a prominent role – is beneficial. One significant finding is there is a grey area regarding the protection of people who are evicted due to rent arrears. Although states should protect these victims in the same way as they do people affected by (urban) development, it is unclear how far this protection should go. In the absence of parameters for such protection, the two countries have adopted measures to prevent victims from becoming homeless. The Netherlands protects tenants by providing legal mechanisms against the threat of eviction, and by providing adequate shelter for such victims. Indonesia also shows its intention to protect tenants, by adopting an ad hoc policy to help tenants pay their rent. These measures both seem to be effective, yet there is still a pivotal need for more structured frameworks.
Some Icelandic Perspectives on the Agreement to Prevent Unregulated High Seas Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean
Authors: Sigurjónsson Jóhann
Published: December 2020

This paper reflects on several aspects of the Agreement to Prevent Unregulated High Seas Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean from the standpoint of Iceland, prior to, during and at the conclusion of the negotiations of the Agreement in late 2017. Particular reference is made to UNCLOS and coastal State interests, status of knowledge on the fish stocks and the importance of scientific cooperation which the Agreement facilitates.

During the years 2008–2015, the so-called Arctic Five consulted on cooperation in Arctic matters including future management of fisheries in the central Arctic Ocean. These rather exclusive cooperative efforts were criticised by Iceland and other States that felt these matters were to be dealt with in a broader international context. It seems evident that Iceland’s desire to become a full participant in the process during the subsequent years was both based on legal arguments as well as fair and natural geopolitical reasons. Iceland became a participant in the negotiations in December 2015.

The final version of the Agreement is a fully fledged platform for coordinating scientific research and it even allows for interim management measures until future regional management framework is in place. In essence, the Agreement can be taken as a regional fisheries management arrangement (RFMA), since most elements of relevance are incorporated in accordance with the 1995 UN Fish Stocks Agreement.

The opening of the central Arctic Ocean for fishing is not likely to take place in the nearest future, although the development of sea ice retreat is currently faster than earlier anticipated. While the Agreement is today regarded as being historic due to its precautionary approach, future may prove that it was a timely arrangement in a fast-moving world with dramatic changes taking place in the Arctic Ocean.
An Analysis of Different Grade Levels of Elementary School Students’ Reasoning about the Changes of State of Water within a Learning Progression
Authors: Jung Jueun , Chang Jina , Park Jisun
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine how the reasoning of elementary school students develops and progresses within a learning progression. In order to do this, we analyzed third, fourth, and fifth grade elementary school students’ levels of reasoning about phenomena related to changes of state of water. The results show that higher grades include higher proportions of students who showed higher-level reasoning. Every student explained the phenomenon at the macroscopic scale; however, fifth grade students considered more elaborate factors and the relationships between those factors than third and fourth grade students did. In addition, students reasoned contradictorily that the weight would increase in situations of both melting and freezing. Finally, we discuss how science curriculums in each grade can be structured as a progression in reasoning and how to provide appropriate science instruction in terms of students’ long-term progression of reasoning.
Data on pyraloid moth specimens (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) held in the collections of CNHM in Zagreb, Croatia
Authors: GUMHALTER DANIJELA , KUČINIĆ MLADEN , ŠAŠIĆ MARTINA
Published: December 2020

Natural history museum collections can be a helpful tool in documenting changes in biodiversity throughout decades or even centuries. This article uncovers information on the content of three different museum collections, collected over 100 years. It deepens the knowledge on the distribution of pyraloid moth species occurring predominantly in the Continental parts of Croatia, but also in other areas of this country.                The article presents the first published listing of pyraloid moth species held in three museum collections of the Croatian Natural History Museum in Zagreb. The list contains 148 taxa in total, 61 from the Igalffy collection, 96 from the Koča collection, and 96 from the Kučinić collection. Altogether, 96 species from the family Crambidae and 52 species from the family Pyralidae are listed.
Heteromysoides taramensis, a new species of mysid (Mysida: Mysidae) from an anchialine cave on Tarama Island, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan
Authors: SHIMOMURA MICHITAKA , FUJITA YOSHIHISA
Published: December 2020

Heteromysoides taramensis, a new species of the family Mysidae (Mysida) is described from an anchialine cave on Tarama Island, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. This species differs from its congeners by the following combination of characters: eyes subrectangular in dorsal aspect without process; cornea developed; telson distally rounded, 1.3 times as long as maximum width, with 5 or 6 pairs of simple spines distolaterally, 1 pair of long simple spines subapically and 1 pair of short simple spines apically; antennal scale elongated elliptical, extending to distal margin of antennular peduncle; antennal sympod with distomesial corner produced into blunt tooth; and endopod of third thoracopod with simple, not subchelate, termination.
New and little-known sun-moth species from Australia (Lepidoptera, Castniidae)
Authors: KALLIES AXEL , EDWARDS EDWARD D. , WILLIAMS ANDREW A. E.
Published: December 2020

In this study, we designate lectotypes and fix the identities of two Australian Castniidae species, Synemon sophia (White, 1841), the type species of Synemon Doubleday, 1846, and Synemon parthenoides R. Felder, 1874. Furthermore, we describe seven new species of Castniidae from Western Australia, two new species of the Synemon sophia group, Synemon anthracica Kallies & Edwards sp. n. and Synemon crocea Kallies & Edwards sp. n., three species in the Synemon magnifica Strand, 1911 group, Synemon semaphora Kallies & Edwards sp. n., Synemon angustiptera Kallies & Edwards sp. n. and Synemon petrophila Kallies & Edwards sp. n., one new species of unclear affinity, Synemon cacumina Kallies & Edwards sp. n., and one new species related to Synemon directa Westwood, 1877, Synemon victoriae Kallies & Edwards sp. n. We report Restionaceae, a host-plant family not previously recorded for Castniidae.
The Driving Processes of Concurrent Hot and Dry Extreme Events in China
Authors: Tian Fangxing , Klingaman Nicholas P. , Dong Buwen
Published: December 2020

Subseasonal heatwave-driven concurrent hot and dry extreme events (HDEs) can cause substantial damage to crops, and hence to lives and livelihoods. However, the physical processes that lead to these devastating events are not well understood. Based on observations and reanalysis data for 1979–2016 over China, we show that HDEs occur preferentially over central and eastern China (CEC) and southern China (SC), with a maximum of three events per year along the Yangtze Valley. The probability of longer-lived and potentially more damaging HDEs is larger in SC than in CEC. Over SC the key factors of HDEs—positive anomalies of surface air temperature and evapotranspiration, and negative anomalies of soil moisture—begin two pentads before maximizing at the peak of the HDEs. These anomalies occur south of a positive height anomaly at 200 hPa, associated with a large-scale subsidence anomaly. The processes over CEC are similar to those for SC, but the anomalies begin one pentad before the peak. HDE frequency is strongly related to the Silk Road pattern and the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation. Positive phases of the Silk Road pattern and suppressed phases of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation are associated with positive height anomalies over CEC and SC, increasing HDE frequency by about 35%–54% relative to the climatological mean. Understanding the effects of subseasonal and seasonal atmospheric circulation variability, such as the Silk Road pattern and boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation, on HDEs is important to improve HDE predictions over China.