bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of mutants with increased variation in cell size at onset of mitosis in fission yeast
Authors: Scotchman Elizabeth , Kume Kazunori , Navarro Francisco J. , Nurse Paul
Published: January 2021

Fission yeast cells divide at a similar cell length with little variation about the mean. This is thought to be the result of a control mechanism that senses size and corrects for any deviations by advancing or delaying onset of mitosis. Gene deletions that advance cells into mitosis at a smaller size or delay cells entering mitosis have led to the identification of genes potentially involved in this mechanism. However, the molecular basis of this control is still not understood. In this work, we have screened for genes that when deleted increase the variability in size of dividing cells. The strongest candidate identified in this screen was mga2. The mga2 deletion strain shows a greater variation in cell length at division, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 15–24%, while the wild-type strain has a CV of 5–8%. Furthermore, unlike wild-type cells, the mga2 deletion cells are unable to correct cell size deviations within one cell cycle. We show that the mga2 gene genetically interacts with nem1 and influences the nuclear membrane and the nuclear–cytoplasmic transport of CDK regulators.
PdAg Nanoparticles Supported on an Amine-functionalized MOF as a Photo-switchable Catalyst for Hydrogen Storage/Delivery Mediated by CO2/Formic Acid
Authors: Mori Kohsuke , Matsuo Jumpei , Yamashita Hiromi
Published: January 2021

The effects of depositing Pd alloy nanoparticles (NPs) on an amine-functionalized Fe-metal organic framework (MOF; MIL-88B-NH2) were investigated, with the aim of developing a photo-switchable bifunctional catalyst for hydrogen storage/delivery mediated by CO2/formic acid (FA). The highly dispersed PdAg NPs promoted photocatalytic FA synthesis from CO2 under visible light and inhibited electron-hole recombination by efficiently trapping excited electrons. The release of H2 via the dehydrogenation of FA upon heating was efficiently catalyzed by the electron-rich Pd species generated by alloying with Ag. These Pd species acted as crucial active centers associated with amine-functionalized moieties in the linker groups of the Fe-MOF.
Feasibility of a multiparametric MRI protocol for imaging biomarkers associated with neoadjuvant radiotherapy for soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Kershaw Lucy , Forker Laura , Roberts Darren , Sanderson Benjamin , Shenjere Patrick , Wylie James , Coyle Catherine , Kochhar Rohit , Manoharan Prakash , Choudhury Ananaya
Published: January 2021

Objective:

Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a rare malignancy with a 5 year overall survival rate of 55%. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy is commonly used in preparation for surgery, but methods to assess early response are lacking despite pathological response at surgery being predictive of overall survival, local recurrence and distant metastasis. Multiparametric MR imaging (mpMRI) is used to assess response in a variety of tumours but lacks a robust, standardised method. The overall aim of this study was to develop a feasible imaging protocol to identify imaging biomarkers for further investigation.

Methods:

15 patients with biopsy-confirmed STS suitable for pre-operative radiotherapy and radical surgery were imaged throughout treatment. The mpMRI protocol included anatomical, diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, giving estimates of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the area under the enhancement curve at 60 s (iAUC60). Histological analysis of resected tumours included detection of CD31, Ki67, hypoxia inducible factor and calculation of a hypoxia score.

Results:

There was a significant reduction in T1 at visit 2 and in ADC at visit 3. Significant associations were found between hypoxia and pre-treatment iAUC60, pre-treatment ADC and mid-treatment iAUC60. There was also statistically significant association between mid-treatment ADC and Ki67.

Conclusion:

This work showed that mpMRI throughout treatment is feasible in patients with STS having neoadjuvant radiotherapy. The relationships between imaging parameters, tissue biomarkers and clinical outcomes warrant further investigation.

Advances in knowledge:

mpMRI-based biomarkers have good correlation with STS tumour biology and are potentially of use for evaluation of radiotherapy response.
Dataset: local government mask orders preceding statewide orders by US states
Authors: Jacobs Philip , Ohinmaa Arvi
Published: January 2021

We present a database listing local government mask orders for COVID-19 that were enacted between April and September, 2020, prior to the date that the governors issued statewide mask wearing mandates. We obtained data from a Google search of web pages of local and national commercial and public broadcasters and newspapers, and of the orders themselves.  In the database, we present data identifying the county, municipality or tribal council, date of the order, and the source’s internet address. In the 34 states with statewide orders, local governments in 21 of these states issued mandates in 218 municipalities, 155 counties, and 1 tribal council.  The dataset can be accessed from https://doi.org/10.7939/DVN/NDFEHK
Case Report and Literature Review: COVID-19 and status epilepticus in Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome
Authors: Ibañez Valdés Lourdes de Fátima , Geroge Jerry , Joseph Sibi , Alshmandi Mohamed , Makaleni Wendy , Foyaca Sibat Humberto
Published: January 2021

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DMMS) is a non-inherited rare condition with a clinical constellation of hemiparesis/hemiplegia, facial asymmetry, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. The radiological features can be including unilateral cerebral atrophy, calvarial thickening, and hyper pneumatization of the paranasal sinuses. The condition can either be congenital or acquired. The presentation usually occurs during childhood or early adolescents, but there have been adult cases reported.

Here we report a 48-year-old male who was a known poorly controlled epileptic that contracted SARS-CoV-2 with subsequently developed status epilepticus and, when worked up, was shown to have features of DDMS. This case is unique as the patient had hemiatrophy and epilepsy but managed to lead a normal, physically demanding, and high functioning academic career and presented late in life. Perhaps only due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was this diagnosis picked up.

This report contains a case presenting atypical DDMS in status epilepticus and COVID -19 plus other complications. From our knowledge, this is the first case presenting these comorbidities reported to the medical literature.
MINERAÇÃO DE TEXTO NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PALAVRAS-CHAVE NO CONTEXTO DO COVID-19 NA MODELAGEM FUZZY
Authors: Passos Cruz Carla Cristina , Lanzillotti Regina Serrão
Published: January 2021

A mídia, geradora de informações, impõe a necessidade da aplicação de técnicas para analise textual que capta opiniões sobre tematicas diversas. A Mineração Textual refere-se a dados não-estruturados tratados pelo KDT que consiste em um conjunto de procedimentos para crtica e permissão da continuidade do processo analítico. Objetiva-se inferir palavras-chave no contexto da conhecimento da COVID-19. A opção metodologica ao Fuzzy C-Means agrupou os termos em função da similaridade semântica e inferiu termos considerados "objeto típico", palavras-chave. A aplicação valeu-se de dois textos que permitiram criar histogramas dos termos e determinar o limiar para corte dos considerados irrelevantes. O gráfico de dispersão foi construído pelas frequências relativas dos termos remanescentes e a alocação no plano cartesiano indicou a quantidade de grupos vizinhos. Ao aplicar o metodo fuzzy a palavra-chave de destaque foi "infecção", que espelha a letalidade do COVID-19, uma vez que liderou um dos grupos.
VELHICE, SEXUALIDADE E AFETO EM DIARIO DA GUERRA DO PORCO, DE ADOLFO BIOY CASARES
Authors: Malloy Letícia
Published: January 2021

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a temática da velhice a partir da análise de Diario da guerra do porco (1969), escrito pelo argentino Adolfo Bioy Casares. Além disso, busca examinar a abordagem conferida a expressões de sexualidade e afeto na idade madura, tomando-se por foco a caracterização de Isidoro Vidal, protagonista do romance. Para tanto, o estudo se vale das perspectivas teóricas de Simone de Beauvoir (2018) acerca da velhice, de Michel Foucault (1979; 1988) a respeito da sexualidade e das relações de poder e de Benedictus de Spinoza (2008) sobre a origem e a natureza dos afetos.
OS FALARES SULISTA E FLUMINENSE DE ANTENOR NASCENTES E SUA REALIDADE NOS DADOS DO PROJETO ALiB
Authors: Romano Valter Pereira , Santos Leandro Almeida dos
Published: January 2021

O artigo apresenta uma discussão acerca da proposta de divisão dialetal do Português Brasileiro proposta por Antenor Nascentes (1953). O texto objetiva discutir a divisão de Nascentes no que tange aos subfalares sulista e fluminense pautando-se em dados do léxico coletados para a elaboração do Atlas Linguístico do Brasil. Para tanto, consideram-se análises realizadas por AUTOR (2015) e por AUTOR (2016) que caracterizam as áreas sob a perspectiva da variação lexical e dão indícios da necessidade de uma reformulação.
A MORALIZAÇÃO DA MORTE NO THEATRUM SACRUM DE ANTÔNIO VIEIRA
Authors: Oliveira Ana Lúcia Machado de
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo traz algumas reflexões iniciais sobre o lugar da morte e o florescimento do macabro no imaginário social entre os séculos XVI e XVII, a partir do diálogo com as obras de Delumeau, Arriès, Mâle e Chanu, dentre outros. Em seguida, examina a grande difusão da imagem do corpo na cultura seiscentista, que traz como corolário o papel de destaque da anatomia, a qual transcende o âmbito das práticas médicas e invade outros campos do saber, revestindo-se de sentidos metafóricos, tal como na expressão “anatomia moral”, muito empregada  na época.Para abordar o lugar do púlpito na difusão do conceito de morte propagado pelo catolicismo no século XVII, será analisada a obra sermonística do jesuíta Antônio Vieira, tendo como foco a sua construção de um memento mori a partir da retomada do lugar-comum bíblico de que o homem é pó e ao pó voltará, tão reciclado por pregadores e poetas do período. Esse tema escritural é desenvolvido nos três sermões vieirianos da Quarta-Feira de Cinzas, que são discutidos na parte final deste texto.
A ARTICULAÇÃO DE ESTRUTURAS SINTÁTICAS COMO FIO CONDUTOR PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DO(S) SENTIDO(S) DO TEXTO
Authors: Rabêlo Keyla Silva
Published: January 2021

A proposta deste trabalho é apresentar uma análise de texto baseada em procedimentos formais da sintaxe a serviço da estruturação do significado textual. Como corpus de análise foi selecionado um texto publicado em 2016 em um portal virtual de notícias. Na análise de dados, apoiamo-nos, principalmente, em discussões realizadas no âmbito das Teorias do Texto (GERALDI, 1997; KOCH, 2010) e das Teorias Gramaticais (AZEREDO, 2010; NEVES, 2016). Os resultados apontam para a importância de um trabalho com gramática que leve o sujeito à tomada de consciência dos recursos disponíveis na língua – sintáticos, lexicais, semânticos – a fim de que possa usá-los como ferramenta para o desenvolvimento de sua capacidade crítico-reflexiva em relação às questões de leitura, produção e compreensão de texto.
LIMIARES DO LITERÁRIO: UMA APROXIMAÇÃO ENTRE LLANSOL E LISPECTOR
Authors: Oliveira Maria Lúcia Wiltshire de
Published: January 2021

Embora a escrita seja um artefato humano que elide ou põe entre parênteses o sujeito, deparamo-nos com situações limítrofes que ao romperem os paradigmas dos gêneros da prosa – no caso aqui, a ficção e as formas confessionais –, revelam dilemas que instabilizam o discurso literário produzido pelo imaginário. Com o objetivo de observar o limiar desta instabilidade, o trabalho pretende revisitar a postulação de diferença entre o literário e o não-literário para refletir sobre as distinções entre narrativa (escrita do outro) e o diário (escrita de si). De modo resumido a análise repousa em dois binômios -  real vs. ficcional, eu vs. outro - que serão discutidos frente ao desafio de Blanchot ao sugerir um “lugar da imantação”, passagem que opõe narrativa ao diário.  Na perspectiva de Peirce, a imagem é um hipo-ícone ou um quase-ícone que mantém com o real uma relação estreita de semelhança, que  garante a sua independência em relação ao real e ao sujeito que supostamente lhe poderiam servir, respectivamente, de cenário prévio ou de suporte autoral. Em torno destes conceitos, pretende-se discutir a imagem como unidade mínima do “belo” e seu efeito do “novo”. O corpus principal de discussão contempla excertos da escrita de duas autoras, extraídos das obras Uma data em cada mão; Livro de Horas I da portuguesa Maria Gabriela Llansol e Um sopro de vida; Pulsações da brasileira de Clarice Lispector.
ENTRE PROPOSTAS E PROVOCAÇÕES: RESENHA DA OBRA “ESCRITOS SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO E TECNOLOGIAS: ENTRE PROVOCAÇÕES, PERCEPÇÕES E VIVÊNCIAS”, ORGANIZADA POR DANIEL MILL, BRAIAN VELOSO, GLAUBER SANTIAGO E MARILDE SANTOS
Authors: Joaquim Bruno Dos Santos
Published: January 2021

Resenha da obra “Escritos sobre Educação e Tecnologias: entre provocações, percepções e vivências” organizada por Daniel Mill, Braian Veloso, Glauber Santiago e Marilde Santos, publicada em 2020 pela editora Artesanato Educacional. A obra reúne treze estudos que dialogam entre si, apresentando provocações, pesquisas recentes, estudos bibliográficos, estudos de caso e relatos de experiências. Destacam-se as contribuições da obra para o campo de pesquisa sobre uso educacional das tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação (TDIC) na educação.
DESIGNER EDUCACIONAL: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS EM UMA PROPOSTA DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Salarolli Ruis Larissa , Ravani de Sant' Anna Solimara , Ortlieb Faria de Almeida Esther
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os desafios que envolvem o trabalho do Designer Educacional (DE), na educação presencial, como multiplicador de conhecimentos sobre tecnologias digitais em uma proposta de formação continuada de professores. Para tanto, são analisados os dados obtidos por meio da literatura e de um curso de extensão híbrido proposto por um Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia em parceria com uma escola de ensino regular, visando fomentar a colaboração entre DE e docentes que lecionam nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Desta forma, a formação proposta teve como foco o ensino híbrido aliado as tecnologias digitais: Edpuzzle e Google Classroom. A pesquisa trata-se de um relato de experiência de abordagem qualitativa, possuindo análises de cunho descritivo a partir de observação-participante. Os resultados indicaram a indispensabilidade de conhecimentos pedagógicos associados às habilidades instrumentais do DE, bem como desafios formativos e burocráticos relacionados ao trabalho docente que impactam diretamente na atuação do DE.
CYBERL@B AS AN OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE (OER) FOR LEARNING ENGLISH THROUGH PRACTICE AND COLLABORATION
Authors: Quesada Allen , Díaz-Ducca Jenaro A.
Published: January 2021

The teaching of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) is a key field in public education in developing countries.  In the case of Costa Rica, the free-access EFL platform and Open Education Resource (OER), Cyberl@b (https://cyberlab.ucr.ac.cr), was designed in order to meet public educational needs and policies, and it is targeted towards primary and secondary EFL teaching.  In this article, Cyberl@b will be described and analyzed in the light of Laurillard’s concepts of Learning Through Practice (LTP) and Learning Through Collaboration (LTC).  Based on these theoretical concepts, basic criteria were extracted in order to evaluate the platform as an educational resource that offers multimedia, synchronous and asynchronous interaction, peer and mentor feedback, as well as affordances for practice and collaboration in the following macro and micro skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary. The study concludes that Cyberl@b allows for rich opportunities for practice and collaboration according to LTP and LTC principles for primary and secondary English learners in Costa Rica and around the world.
FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA OFICINA PEDAGÓGICA PARA A APRENDIZAGEM DO SOFTWARE SCRATCH
Authors: Bastos Viviane Da Costa
Published: January 2021

A formação teórica e prática dos docentes pode contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de ensino e promover a qualificação profissional e pessoal desses sujeitos. Logo, o principal objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar as ações realizadas pelos professores de Inglês que atuam em uma Escola Pública Municipal Bilíngue (Português/Inglês) na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e participaram de uma oficina presencial para a aprendizagem do software Scratch como ferramenta que contribui para a atuação pedagógica.  O trabalho, então, situa-se em uma pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem descritiva e interpretativista (GIL, 1999), no qual os dados foram gerados a partir de observações sistemáticas e participantes (RUDIO, 1985) durante a realização da oficina. Os resultados indicam que o software Scratch é um programa que possibilita a criação de espaços de aprendizagem e pode contribuir para a reflexão, o entrelaçamento dos saberes da formação inicial com os da formação continuada, a colaboração e novas práticas do professor.
EMPODERAMENTO POR MEIO DE MULTILETRAMENTOS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO INTERATIVO EM AMBIENTE INFOPOBRE
Authors: Kitagawa Layse Henriques da Costa , Renova Varela Leite Bruna , Corrêa Cláudio Ricardo
Published: January 2021

Compreendendo que a tecnologia está inserida em diversos contextos do nosso dia a dia, é muito difícil pensar em práticas do século XXI que não estejam integradas à rede, sobretudo nas grandes cidades. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do trabalho é apresentar atividades em sala de aula com foco em multiletramentos (COPE, KALAZANTZIS, 2000), dado pelo acesso a diversos gêneros textuais em suportes digitais, enfocando o tema do empoderamento feminino. A metodologia adotada foi da pesquisa-ação participante (BRANDÃO, STRECK, 2006), tendo como dispositivo gerador de dados a produção escrita dos estudantes, a fim de propiciar interatividade (SILVA, 2002). Os resultados obtidos demonstram que, ainda que em um ambiente infopobre, apoiados por uma pedagogia multiletrada e multissemiótica, os educandos conseguiram expressar um pensamento crítico acerca do feminismo, e puderam se apropriar de marcas tipográficas oriundas dos meios digitais. Conclui-se que no ensino de línguas adicionais há espaço para participação democrática e crítica dos alunos, que puderam construir conhecimento sobre feminismo, e também para ensino com tecnologias, ainda que as ferramentas sejam escassas.
TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS MÓVEIS, PRATICANTES DE LÍNGUA INGLESA E UMA PROPOSTA PEDAGÓGICA PARA O USO DE APPS
Authors: Censi Luciana De Jesus Lessa , De Jesus Rosane Meire Vieira
Published: January 2021

Este artigo trata de relações estabelecidas entre tecnologias e aplicativos móveis e os processos de ensinoaprendizagem de língua inglesa por praticantes desse idioma, do 7º ao 9º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública. Ao trazer à tona as vozes desses praticantes, objetivou-se entender como se viabiliza outras possibilidades para a educação linguística na cultura digital e cibercultura. Uma vez que os praticantes se caracterizam por desenvolver táticas e criações para subverter situações da realidade que lhes é dada, foram utilizados grupos de diálogo na perspectiva do estudo qualitativo e de uma abordagem interpretativa a partir de Gadamer (1999). Os diálogos evidenciaram implicações em torno do tema e alguns fundamentos que podem orientar caminhos pedagógicos para o uso de aplicativos nos processos de ensinoaprendizagem de inglês, sobretudo, no cotidiano escolar.
ANTENA ARGENTA: RELATO DE USOS DAS REDES SOCIAIS PARA DIFUSÃO DE LITERATURA ARGENTINA NO BRASIL
Authors: Diniz Davidson De Oliveira
Published: January 2021

Este texto é um relato de uso das redes sociais na produção e difusão de conteúdos e atividades relacionadas à página ANTENA ]A[ RGENTA – canal de literatura argentina no Brasil. Trata-se de um projeto elaborado com a intenção de produzir material próprio, bem como divulgar eventos relacionados à circulação da literatura argentina no Brasil e da literatura brasileira na Argentina. E com isso pensar as dinâmicas atuais dos dispositivos de circulação bilateral entre nosso binômio.
CIBERCULTURA E EDUCAÇÃO: EXPERIÊNCIAS DE PESQUISA, DOCÊNCIA E FORMAÇÃO
Authors: Santos Edmea , Carvalho Felipe
Published: January 2021

Edição v. 4, n. 3 (2020) - ENSINO DE LÍNGUAS NA CULTURA DIGITAL
O POTENCIAL DA SEMANA DO MEIO AMBIENTE PARA O DEBATE E SENSIBILIZAÇÕES DE PRÁTICAS AMBIENTAIS SUSTENTÁVEIS.
Authors: De Araujo Danieli Barbosa , De Oliveira Larissa Alves
Published: January 2021

Qual o papel dos sujeitos no enfrentamento dos problemas ambientais vigentes? Qual a relação dos sujeitos com o meio em que vivem e o modo como cuidam desses ambientes? Tais indagações ressaltam o compromisso ambiental que deve ser inerente a todos, e por vezes, estimulam práticas capazes de minimizar impactos ambientais. A Semana do Meio Ambiente, frequentemente realizada nas instituições de educação básica, promovem espaços para tais reflexões, assim como estimulam atividades e ações de grande relevância ambiental. O presente ensaio visa propor uma reflexão acerca da importância da Semana do Meio Ambiente na promoção de momentos de discussão e reflexão acerca da crise ambiental e do compromisso individual e coletivo na reversão de atitudes que degradem o meio ambiente. As escolas apresentam-se como um ambiente frutífero para a incorporação de ações que visem o trabalho coletivo e o cuidado com o meio no qual se vive. Fazendo uso da metodologia de observação e participação, foi possível através do exemplo do Colégio Estadual Manuel Bandeira em Cambé, Paraná/PR, perceber como oficinas e debates acerca da questão ambiental, desencadeia ações mais sustentáveis, promovendo o cuidado com o ambiente escolar e com o mundo.
AVALIAÇÃO DA EFETIVIDADE EM UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO, BRASIL
Authors: Masullo Yata Anderson Gonzaga , Gurgel Helen Da Costa , Laques Anne-Elizabeth , Carvalho Dionatan Silva
Published: January 2021

As áreas protegidas possuem grande importância na manutenção do ambiente saudável para as pessoas e a natureza. Esses territórios, são essenciais para a conservação da biodiversidade e vital para as culturas e meios de subsistência das comunidades tradicionais (UNEP; WCMC; IUCN, 2018). Nesse contexto, o presente estudo, possui o objetivo de desenvolver o Índice de Efetividade das Unidades de Conservação aplicado ao estado do Maranhão. Busca-se dessa forma, apresentar novas perspectiva metodológicas para a otimização da avaliação do nível de efetividade das áreas protegidas em escala regional. A pesquisa, dividiu-se em 3 etapas: 1) Revisão bibliográfica e coleta de indicadores primários e secundários; 2) Qualificação e sintetização das variáveis com base no método de Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) e 3) Análise espacial e regionalização das unidades de conservação, através do método geoestatístico da Krigagem. Entre os resultados alcançados, observou-se que conforme que 18% das UCs em análise apresentaram nível satisfatório, 46% grau medianamente satisfatório, enquanto que 9% pouco satisfatório e 27% nível de efetividade insatisfatório. Ao mesmo tempo, a regionalização das UCs ampliou a compreensão do território, demonstrando como as diferentes características e fenômenos ambientais, culturais, econômicos, sociais e políticos interagem e influenciam o nível de efetividade das áreas protegidas.
A LITERATURA INFANTOJUVENIL COMO POSSIBILIDADE PARA O ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA AGRÁRIA: NOTAS PARA UM DEBATE
Authors: Oliveira Ariel Pereira da Silva , Antonello Ideni Terezinha
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a potencialidade da literatura infantojuvenil nas aulas de Geografia que trata da organização e fenômenos geográficos do/no espaço agrário. A metodologia empregada foi baseada na leitura e análise de duas obras literárias infantojuvenis que integram uma coleção organizada pela editora expressão popular. A primeira obra é intitulada “semente de letra” ela tem como plano de fundo um assentamento rural e retrata o cotidiano camponês, fala de temas como: importância da leitura, luta pela conquista da terra, organização interna, entre outros. “Pascoalzinho pé-no-chão: Uma fábula da Reforma Agrária” é a segunda obra, ela trata de temas como a expropriação do campesinato, territorialização do capital, migração campo – cidade, entre outros.Com base nessas obras buscou-se demonstrar que a literatura é um importante aliado no ensino de Geografia, pois além de possibilitar aulas que não fiquem restritas ao uso do livro didático, fomenta o hábito da leitura e torna as aulas diferentes ao mesmo tempo que pode contribuir para que o processo de ensino – aprendizagem seja eficaz ao proporcionar um campo fértil para a criticidade dos discentes.
USO DE VANT COMO FERRAMENTA PARA ESTIMATIVA DE ALTURA DE DOSSEL EM MANGUEZAL: UM ESTUDO INVESTIGATIVO EM GUARATIBA, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL
Authors: Boa Morte Caio De Lima , De Carvalho Luiz Felipe Salomon Guaycuru , De Barros Rafael Silva
Published: January 2021

Estimativas para altura de árvores são valores difíceis de se obter se não houver acesso a dados LIDAR. Contudo, VANTs (Veículos Aéreos Não-Tripulados) ou drones podem gerar MDS (Modelos Digitais de Superfície) muito precisos. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar as características altimétricas que podem ser obtidas através do imageamento com VANT, em uma formação de mangue em Guaratiba, Rio de Janeiro – Brasil, subtraindo o MDT (Modelo Digital de Terreno) do MDS gerado. O resultado é um Modelo Digital de Copas (MDC), que pode ser usado como estimativa da altura da vegetação em grande detalhamento. Os resultados apresentam grande precisão planimétrica e altimétrica para o ortomosaico e para o MDS. Considerando erros abaixo de 15cm para o DSM (Boa Morte, 2018) e variações abaixo de 75 centímetros para cotas altimétricas do terreno na área de estudos, a estimativa do erro do MDC é menor que 1 metro.
My daunting first steps
Authors: Duncan Philipa
Published: January 2021

As Edge Hill University launches its new nurse paramedic programme, new columnist Philipa Duncan reflects on the nerves and responsibility, as well as the excitement and honour that come with being one of its first students—at one of the most challenging times
Subpixel sampling moiré method for in-plane displacement measurement considering the symmetric errors induced by interpolation
Authors: Chen ChangFu , Mao FengShan , Yu JiaYong
Published: January 2021

Sampling moiré method (SMM) is a highly accurate vision-based deformation measurement method, whose measurement error is minimized when an integer that is closest to the grating pitch is selected as the sampling pitch. We propose a subpixel SMM by applying subpixel interpolation operation before the downsampling in traditional SMM; the sampling pitch was selected as a noninteger nearest to the grating pitch in the subpixel resolution image. Meanwhile, the average filter method was used to eliminate the symmetric error cause by interpolation. As a result, the period of moiré fringe was enlarged greatly, and the measurement accuracy was also increased. To investigate the efficiency of the subpixel SMM, a computer simulation was applied to analyze the accuracy of the subpixel SMM. Then a simple tensile experiment was conducted to validate the efficiency of this method, and the result of the subpixel SMM accorded well with the fiber Bragg grating. In summary, the proposed novel subpixel SMM is capable of being used for high accuracy in-plane deformation measuring.
Optimization, fabrication, and performance analysis of SMF-/MMF-based microfiber ball structure
Authors: Li Muyang , Wang Yu , Zhu Guo , Wang Zhi , Singh Ragini , Zhang Bingyuan , Kumar Santosh
Published: January 2021

In this paper, four kinds of microfiber ball structure of different sizes, such as 330, 340, 350, and 360 µm were fabricated by single-mode fiber and multimode fiber, respectively. To test its performance, the reflected intensity was measured, and the results showed that the microfiber ball with the largest diameter of 360 µm had the maximum reflected intensity. The 360 µm microfiber ball was characterized by scanning electron microscope. This indicates that compared with a small-diameter microfiber ball, large-diameter microspheres are more suitable to be used as follow-up experimental objects, with the diameter of the fiber ball ranging from 330 to 360 µm.
Visual validation of the appearance of chromatic objects rendered from spectrophotometric measurements
Authors: Huraibat Khalil , Perales Esther , Kirchner Eric , Van der Lans Ivo , Ferrero Alejandro , Campos Joaquín
Published: January 2021

We validate a physically based and spectral rendering framework with
improved color reproduction. With a recently developed model, we take
into account both the colorimetric specifications of the rendering
display as well as the spectral and angular characteristics of
lighting and also the spectral reflectance of the objects. Therefore,
it should provide much better color reproduction than those based on
the common standard red, green, blue (sRGB) color space. In addition,
it allows real-time rendering on modest hardware and displays. We
evaluated the color reproduction of the new rendering framework by
psychophysical tests using spectrophotometric measurements of 30
chromatic paint samples. They were rendered on an iPad display, as
viewed inside the Byko-spectra effect light booth. We asked 16
observers to evaluate the color match by directly comparing the
rendered samples with the physical samples, using two different
psychophysical assessment methods. The color reproduction was found to
be strongly improved with respect to results obtained with default
sRGB color encoding space. The average color reproduction match was
found to be equivalent to

Δ

E

00

=

1.6

, which is a small but noticeable
color difference. In 80% of the visual assessments, the color
reproduction was described as being at least as good as between
“difference visible but still acceptable” and “difference visible,
doubtful match.”
Deep learning-enabled framework for automatic lens design starting point generation
Authors: Côté Geoffroi , Lalonde Jean-François , Thibault Simon
Published: January 2021

We present a simple, highly modular deep neural network (DNN) framework to address the problem of automatically inferring lens design starting points tailored to the desired specifications. In contrast to previous work, our model can handle various and complex lens structures suitable for real-world problems such as Cooke Triplets or Double Gauss lenses. Our successfully trained dynamic model can infer lens designs with realistic glass materials whose optical performance compares favorably to reference designs from the literature on 80 different lens structures. Using our trained model as a backbone, we make available to the community a web application that outputs a selection of varied, high-quality starting points directly from the desired specifications, which we believe will complement any lens designer’s toolbox.
Wideband composite planar spiral antenna for generation of tunable angular momentum wave
Authors: Wei Wen Yue , Shi Yan , Wu Quan Wei , Meng Zan Kui , Liu Zhi Qi
Published: January 2021

In this paper, a composite planar spiral antenna consisting of an eight-arm equiangular spiral antenna and eight Archimedean spiral antennas has been designed to radiate electromagnetic wave carrying tunable angular momenta in a wide band. A tunable eight-way Wilkinson power divider network is used to offer three kinds of feeding modes for the equiangular spiral antenna, and thus the composite antenna can radiate the electromagnetic waves with angular momenta of the modes l=1, 2, and 3, respectively. The Archimedean spiral is introduced to improve the gain of the composite antenna in the case of the angular momentum of l=3. By analyzing axis ratio (AR) of the proposed antenna, the generated angular momentum of l=1 is spin angular momentum (SAM), and the angular momenta of both l=2 and 3 include SAM and orbital angular momentum (OAM). Simulated and measured results are given to demonstrate good performance including tunable modes, good purity and wide band.
The complexity of protein interactions unravelled from structural disorder
Authors: Seoane Beatriz , Carbone Alessandra
Published: January 2021

The importance of unstructured biology has quickly grown during the last decades accompanying the explosion of the number of experimentally resolved protein structures. The idea that structural disorder might be a novel mechanism of protein interaction is widespread in the literature, although the number of statistically significant structural studies supporting this idea is surprisingly low. At variance with previous works, our conclusions rely exclusively on a large-scale analysis of all the 134337 X-ray crystallographic structures of the Protein Data Bank averaged over clusters of almost identical protein sequences. In this work, we explore the complexity of the organisation of all the interaction interfaces observed when a protein lies in alternative complexes, showing that interfaces progressively add up in a hierarchical way, which is reflected in a logarithmic law for the size of the union of the interface regions on the number of distinct interfaces. We further investigate the connection of this complexity with different measures of structural disorder: the standard missing residues and a new definition, called “soft disorder”, that covers all the flexible and structurally amorphous residues of a protein. We show evidences that both the interaction interfaces and the soft disordered regions tend to involve roughly the same amino-acids of the protein, and preliminary results suggesting that soft disorder spots those surface regions where new interfaces are progressively accommodated by complex formation. In fact, our results suggest that structurally disordered regions not only carry crucial information about the location of alternative interfaces within complexes, but also about the order of the assembly. We verify these hypotheses in several examples, such as the DNA binding domains of P53 and P73, the C3 exoenzyme, and two known biological orders of assembly. We finally compare our measures of structural disorder with several disorder bioinformatics predictors, showing that these latter are optimised to predict the residues that are missing in all the alternative structures of a protein and they are not able to catch the progressive evolution of the disordered regions upon complex formation. Yet, the predicted residues, when not missing, tend to be characterised as soft disordered regions.
New evidence confirming the CD genomic constitutions of the tetraploid Avena species in the section Pachycarpa Baum
Authors: Yan Honghai , Ren Zichao , Deng Di , Yang Kehan , Yang Chuang , Zhou Pingping , Wight Charlene P. , Ren Changzhong , Peng Yuanying
Published: January 2021

The tetraploid Avena species in the section Pachycarpa Baum, including A. insularis, A. maroccana, and A. murphyi, are thought to be involved in the evolution of hexaploid oats; however, their genome designations are still being debated. Repetitive DNA sequences play an important role in genome structuring and evolution, so understanding the chromosomal organization and distribution of these sequences in Avena species could provide valuable information concerning genome evolution in this genus. In this study, the chromosomal organizations and distributions of six repetitive DNA sequences (including three SSR motifs (TTC, AAC, CAG), one 5S rRNA gene fragment, and two oat A and C genome specific repeats) were investigated using non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) in the three tetraploid species mentioned above and in two hexaploid oat species. Preferential distribution of the SSRs in centromeric regions was seen in the A and D genomes, whereas few signals were detected in the C genomes. Some intergenomic translocations were observed in the tetraploids; such translocations were also detected between the C and D genomes in the hexaploids. These results provide robust evidence for the presence of the D genome in all three tetraploids, strongly suggesting that the genomic constitution of these species is DC and not AC, as had been thought previously.
A deep learning approach for staging embryonic tissue isolates with small data
Authors: Pond Adam Joseph Ronald , Hwang Seongwon , Verd Berta , Steventon Benjamin
Published: January 2021

Machine learning approaches are becoming increasingly widespread and are now present in most areas of research. Their recent surge can be explained in part due to our ability to generate and store enormous amounts of data with which to train these models. The requirement for large training sets is also responsible for limiting further potential applications of machine learning, particularly in fields where data tend to be scarce such as developmental biology. However, recent research seems to indicate that machine learning and Big Data can sometimes be decoupled to train models with modest amounts of data. In this work we set out to train a CNN-based classifier to stage zebrafish tail buds at four different stages of development using small information-rich data sets. Our results show that two and three dimensional convolutional neural networks can be trained to stage developing zebrafish tail buds based on both morphological and gene expression confocal microscopy images, achieving in each case up to 100% test accuracy scores. Importantly, we show that high accuracy can be achieved with data set sizes of under 100 images, much smaller than the typical training set size for a convolutional neural net. Furthermore, our classifier shows that it is possible to stage isolated embryonic structures without the need to refer to classic developmental landmarks in the whole embryo, which will be particularly useful to stage 3D culture in vitro systems such as organoids. We hope that this work will provide a proof of principle that will help dispel the myth that large data set sizes are always required to train CNNs, and encourage researchers in fields where data are scarce to also apply ML approaches.
Transcriptomic analysis of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) queen spermathecae reveals genes that may be involved in sperm storage after mating
Authors: Rangel Juliana , Shepherd Tonya F. , Gonzalez Alejandra N. , Hillhouse Andrew , Konganti Kranti , Ing Nancy H.
Published: January 2021

Honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens have a remarkable organ, the spermatheca, which successfully stores sperm for years after a virgin queen mates. This study uniquely characterized and quantified the transcriptomes of the spermathecae from mated and virgin honey bee queens via RNA sequencing to identify differences in mRNA levels based on a queen’s mating status. The transcriptome of drone semen was analyzed for comparison. Samples from three individual bees were independently analyzed for mated queen spermathecae and virgin queen spermathecae, and three pools of semen from ten drones each were collected from three separate colonies. In total, the expression of 11,233 genes was identified in mated queen spermathecae, 10,521 in virgin queen spermathecae, and 10,407 in drone semen. Using a cutoff log2 fold-change value of 2.0, we identified 212 differentially expressed genes between mated and virgin spermathecal queen tissues: 129 (1.4% of total) were up-regulated and 83 (0.9% of total) were down-regulated in mated queen spermathecae. Three genes in mated queen spermathecae, three genes in virgin queen spermathecae and four genes in drone semen that were more highly expressed in those tissues from the RNA sequencing data were further validated by real time quantitative PCR. Among others, expression of Kielin/chordin-like and Trehalase mRNAs was highest in the spermathecae of mated queens compared to virgin queen spermathecae and drone semen. Expression of the mRNA encoding Alpha glucosidase 2 was higher in the spermathecae of virgin queens. Finally, expression of Facilitated trehalose transporter 1 mRNA was greatest in drone semen. This is the first characterization of gene expression in the spermathecae of honey bee queens revealing the alterations in mRNA levels within them after mating. Future studies will extend to other reproductive tissues with the purpose of relating levels of specific mRNAs to the functional competence of honey bee queens and the colonies they head.
Reproducibility and normalization of reactive hyperemia using laser speckle contrast imaging
Authors: Shirazi Behnia Rezazadeh , Valentine Rudy J. , Lang James A.
Published: January 2021

Background

Impaired perfusion indices signal potential microvascular dysfunction preceding atherosclerosis and other cardiometabolic pathologies. Post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH), a vasodilatory response following a mechanically induced ischemia, is a transient increase in perfusion and can assess microvascular function. The greatest blood flow change corresponding to the first minute of hyperemia (represented by time-to-peak, hyperemic velocity, AUC within 1stmin) has been shown to indicate microvascular dysfunction. However, the reproducibility of these temporal kinetic indices of the PORH response is unknown. Our aim was to examine the inter- and intra-day reproducibility and standardization of reactive hyperemia, with emphasis on the kinetic indices of PORH, using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) technique.

Methods and results

Seventeen healthy adults (age = 24 ± 3 years) completed three PORH bouts over two lab visits. LSCI region of interest was a standardized 10 cm region on the dominant ventral forearm. A 5-min brachial artery occlusion period induced by inflating an arm cuff to 200 mmHg, preceded a 4-min hyperemic period. Inter- and intra-day reliability and reproducibility of cutaneous vascular conductance (LSCI flux / mean arterial pressure) were determined using intraclass correlation (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV%). Maximal flow and area under the curve standardized to zero perfusion showed intra- and inter-day reliability (ICC > 0.70). Time to maximal flow (TMF) was not reproducible (inter-day CV = 18%). However, alternative kinetic indices such as 1-min AUC and overshoot rate-of-change (ORC), represented as a piecewise function (at 5s, 10s, 15s, and 20s into hyperemia), were reproducible (CV< 11%). Biological zero was a reliable normalization point.

Conclusion

PORH measured with LSCI is a reliable assessment of microvascular function. However, TMF or its derived hyperemic velocity are not recommended for longitudinal assessment. Piecewise ORC and 1-min AUC are reliable alternatives to assess the kinetic response of PORH.
Determinants of change in blood pressure in Ghana: Longitudinal data from WHO-SAGE Waves 1–3
Authors: Menyanu Elias K. , Corso Barbara , Minicuci Nadia , Rocco Ilaria , Russell Joanna C. , Ware Lisa J. , Chidumwa Glory , Naidoo Nirmala N. , Biritwum Richard B. , Kowal Paul R. , Schutte Aletta E. , Charlton Karen E.
Published: January 2021

The prevalence of hypertension is increasing in low- and middle-income countries, however statistics are generally derived from cross sectional surveys that utilize different methodologies and population samples. We investigated blood pressure (BP) changes over 11–12 years in a large cohort of adults aged 50 years and older (n = 820) included in the World Health Organization’s Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO-SAGE Ghana) Wave 1 (2007/8) with follow up in Wave 3 (2019). Participants’ BP were measured in triplicate and a survey completed at both time points. Survey instruments collected information on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, health behaviors and chronic conditions. While no significant difference was found in systolic BP between Waves 1 and 3, diastolic BP decreased by 9.7mmHg (mean = 88.6, 15.4 to 78.9, 13.6 respectively) and pulse pressure increased by 9.5mmHg (44.8, 13.7 to 54.3, 14.1). Awareness of hypertension increased by 37%, from (20% to 57%), but no differences were found for the proportion of hypertensives receiving treatment nor those that had controlled BP. Mixed effects modelling showed a decrease in diastolic BP was associated with increasing age, living in rural areas and having health insurance. Factors associated with an increased awareness of hypertension were residing in urban areas, having health insurance and increasing body mass index. While diagnosis of hypertension has improved over time in Ghana, there is an ongoing need to improve its treatment in older adults.
An influenza HA stalk reactive polymeric IgA antibody exhibits anti-viral function regulated by binary interaction between HA and the antibody
Authors: Sano Kaori , Saito Shinji , Suzuki Tadaki , Kotani Osamu , Ainai Akira , van Riet Elly , Tabata Koshiro , Saito Kumpei , Takahashi Yoshimasa , Yokoyama Masaru , Sato Hironori , Maruno Takahiro , Usami Kaede , Uchiyama Susumu , Ogawa-Goto Kiyoko , Hasegawa Hideki
Published: January 2021

IgA antibodies, which are secreted onto the mucosal surface as secretory IgA antibodies (SIgAs), play an important role in preventing influenza virus infection. A recent study reported that anti-hemagglutinin (HA) head-targeting antibodies increase anti-viral functions such as hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization (NT), in addition to HA binding activity (reactivity) via IgA polymerization. However, the functional properties of anti-viral IgA antibodies with mechanisms of action distinct from those of anti-HA head-targeting antibodies remain elusive. Here, we characterized the functional properties of IgG, monomeric IgA, and polymeric IgA anti-HA stalk-binding clones F11 and FI6, and B12 (a low affinity anti-HA stalk clone), as well as Fab-deficient (ΔFab) IgA antibodies. We found that IgA polymerization impacts the functional properties of anti-HA stalk antibodies. Unlike anti-HA head antibodies, the anti-viral functions of anti-HA stalk antibodies were not simply enhanced by IgA polymerization. The data suggest that two modes of binding (Fab paratope-mediated binding to the HA stalk, and IgA Fc glycan-mediated binding to the HA receptor binding site (RBS)) occur during interaction between anti-stalk HA IgA antibodies and HA. In situations where Fab paratope-mediated binding to the HA stalk exceeded IgA Fc glycan-mediated binding to HA RBS, IgA polymerization increased anti-viral functions. By contrast, when IgA Fc glycan-mediated binding to the HA RBS was dominant, anti-viral activity will fall upon IgA polymerization. In summary, the results suggest that coordination between these two independent binding modules determines whether IgA polymerization has a negative or positive effect on the anti-viral functions of anti-HA stalk IgA antibodies.