bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a smartphone – based education intervention to improve breastfeeding and neonatal nutritional status: a randomised controlled trial
Authors:   University of Nairobi, Obonyo KO , Kaindi DWM , Ngala S , Kogi-Makau W
Published: January 2025

Exclusive breastfeeding is critically important during the first six months of an infant's life, offering numerous health benefits for both mothers and babies. A randomized controlled study was conducted involving a sample of 674 new mothers (224 in the control group and 450 in the intervention group) new mothers with their child aged under one month for a period of six months to evaluate the effectiveness of a breastfeeding smartphone-based educational intervention at Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group which received (mobile app-based education + routine care) and the control group (routine care). A total of 412 mother-infant dyads completed the study, representing 61.1% of the recruited participants in the study, with 206 in the intervention group and 206 in the control group. After six months, the following findings were observed; the intervention group showed a significant (p<0.01) improvement in breastfeeding knowledge, with a mean (±S.D.) score of 70.33% (±7.68), compared to 58.52% (±16.5) in the control group, resulting in a difference-in-difference of means (DID means = 3.53%, p<0.01). Attitudes toward breastfeeding improved significantly (p<0.01) in the intervention group, with a mean score of 73.58% (±6.79), compared to 47.75% (±9.96) in the control group, with a difference-in-difference of means (DID means = 1.60%, p<0.01). Practices significantly (p<0.01) improved, with the intervention group scoring 73.95% (± 2.66), while the control group scored 53.89% (±9.85), resulting in a difference-in-difference of means (DID means = 9.12%, p<0.01). At baseline, the mean (±S.D.) weight of infants was 2.82 kg (±0.87) and 2.98 kg (±0.62) in the control and intervention group respectively. Both groups experienced an increase in weight, with the control group averaging 7.36 kg (±0.91) and the intervention group averaging 7.82 kg (±0.94). Both groups had increased in height, with the control group measuring the mean (±S.D.) 67.42 cm (±2.43) and the intervention group measuring 67.95 cm (±2.87). There was significant (p<0.01) weight gain in intervention group infants (DID means = 0.28 kg, p<0.01) and length gain (DID means = 1.31 cm, p<0.01). Finally, the intervention group underweight reduced to 4.9%, stunting to 1.9%, and wasting to 4.4% resulting in statistical significant (p<0.01) reduction in malnutrition prevalence. The mobile app-based intervention significantly improved breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, practices, and infant health, reducing malnutrition prevalence effectively. Hospital-based nutritionists should consider using mobile apps to monitor lactating mothers' exclusive breastfeeding adherence, while policymakers support their integration in post-natal care.

Key words: Smartphone intervention, breastfeeding knowledge, attitude, practices, Infant nutritional status, Kenya
Anatomical alterations: biparietal thinning in antiquity. Review of published cases and a new case
Authors: Rossetti Nicol , Fusco Roberta , Vanni Arianna , Garanzini Francesca , Mazzucchi Alessandra , Licata Marta
Published: January 2025

Cranial anatomical variations, such as biparietal thinning, offer critical insights into the health and living conditions of ancient populations. Despite the presence of extensive archaeological records, biparietal thinning remains a relatively rare and understudied condition. This review aims to synthesize existing bioarchaeological literature on biparietal thinning, addressing its historical prevalence, geographical distribution, and potential etiologies.
This study integrates data from previous bioarchaeological research supplemented with a new case from skeletal remains excavated at the hypogeal cemetery of Santa Maria Maggiore in Vercelli, Northern Italy. The analysis included macroscopic examination, radiological imaging, and comparative analysis with clinical and paleopathological cases to identify and assess the characteristic features of biparietal thinning.
Our analysis of the skeletal remains of an old adult female individual revealed clear indicators of biparietal thinning. Notably, the thinning was bilateral, with the absence of diploe in the affected areas while maintaining the inner and outer tables of the cranial vault. These findings align with documented cases in the literature and contribute new data to the limited corpus of biparietal thinning cases.
This study underscores the importance of integrating paleopathological findings with modern medical knowledge to enhance the understanding of ancient diseases. The case from Vercelli provides an opportunity to explore the multifactorial origins of biparietal thinning and highlights the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach, combining archaeological, anthropological, and medical perspectives. By presenting this new case, we aim to stimulate further research into biparietal thinning and similar cranial pathologies, enriching the broader narrative of human health evolution.
Psychologia mózgu nastolatka
Authors: Coleman John , Piszczek Katarzyna
Published: January 2025

Dlaczego nastolatkowie chodzą późno spać i mają problem z porannym wstawaniem? Czy rzeczywiście częściej ryzykują? Co się dzieje z ich hormonami?
Psychologia mózgu nastolatka to pozycja dla wszystkich osób zaangażowanych w życie nastolatków, umożliwiająca wgląd w to, co dzieje się w nastoletnich umysłach i wyjaśniająca, w jaki sposób zrozumienie owych procesów może poprawić relacje i komunikację na tym kluczowym etapie życia. Zawiera omówienie najistotniejszych zagadnień dotyczących między innymi sposobu, w jaki mózg zmienia się w okresie dojrzewania, roli hormonów oraz tego, co wiemy na temat stresu i odporności, a także snu i presji rówieśniczej. Autor publikacji podaje w wątpliwość stereotyp „pokolenia płatków śniegu” i stara się lepiej poznać zdrowie psychiczne młodych ludzi.
Książka ta, dedykowana wszystkim rodzicom i opiekunom, stanowi pomoc w pokonywaniu wyzwań związanych z codziennym życiem z nastolatkiem. Jest ona również źródłem istotnej wiedzy dla studentów i praktykujących specjalistów, takich jak pracownicy socjalni, psychologowie czy osoby zatrudnione w służbie zdrowia i placówkach edukacyjnych, którzy na co dzień stykają się z nastolatkami.
Using a weighted Voronoi diagram for forest thinning proposals and skidding trail layouts for teak plantations in Thailand
Authors: PATOČKA Zdeněk , PETROVIČOVÁ Lucia , KAAKKURIVAARA Nopparat , ZEMÁNEK Tomáš , KLIMÁNEK Martin
Published: January 2025

Timber skidding is one of the many causes of destruction or damage to forest stands. Any sustainable forestry system requires a suitable skidding trail layout that minimises damage to trees and soils as well as economic losses. Imagery of six teak plantation plots in Thong Pha Phum was captured with a DJI Mavic Pro unmanned aerial vehicle and further processed with Agisoft Metashape software. Single trees could be distinguished in the canopy height model thus created, and understory trees for thinning from below were identified from a weighted Voronoi diagram. This approach does not include a field survey and therefore needs to include an assessment of the health and quality of the trees, but it can be considered as a basis for accelerating the process of marking trees for thinning. Rasterisation was applied to produce an estimate of tree density based on Kernel Density Estimation. Given the irregular spacing of the teak trees, a subjective approach was applied to plot a skidding trail layout, with the emphasis on shortening skidding distances and reducing potential damage to soils and remaining trees. This study could help to improve access to forest stands by improving the quality of skidding and reducing damage to standing trees and to the timber itself.
Don’t Set Goals, Set Systems: Using Decoding the Disciplines and Students as Partners to Strengthen a History Department and its Teacher Candidates
Authors: McBrady Jared
Published: January 2025

This case study presents the development of a system that integrated two strands of SoTL research—Decoding the Disciplines and Students as Partners—into a secondary history teacher preparation program. This system simultaneously refined teaching in undergraduate history courses and provided authentic learning experiences for secondary education teacher candidates. The system involved partnering a teacher preparation course with an undergraduate history course. Teacher candidates interviewed students from that history course to decode bottlenecks in their historical thinking. Teacher candidates then suggested instructional changes faculty could implement to respond to surfaced bottlenecks. This study explores how the connection between Decoding the Disciplines and Students as Partners can address the gap between university instruction and secondary teaching. It further describes how teacher candidates applied the decoding paradigm to analyze learning in undergraduate history courses and proposed curricular improvements. The study reflects on the benefits of this system for stakeholders, including teacher candidates, student researchers, history faculty, and undergraduate students taking history courses. Teacher candidates benefited from the practical experiences of decoding research, including eliciting learning cognition, assessing learner needs, and responding instructionally. Student research partners gained experience in data management and mixed-methods research while providing a valuable perspective as co-analysts. History faculty gained opportunities to have the cognition of their students systematically examined and receive recommendations for improving instruction. Finally, undergraduate students collectively benefited from improved instruction in history courses. This adaptable system could extend beyond history departments into other disciplines, especially in contexts that train secondary teachers.
The Significance of Trust in Fostering Meaningful Learning
Authors: Moore Jessie L. , Miller Sophie , Longmire-Avital Buffie , Hall Eric , Ewell Ellery , Wyatt Christina
Published: January 2025

Introduction to Special Section: Trust
Abordagem da Escabiose em Idade Pediátrica: Uma Atualização
Authors: Seabra Vieira Sofia , Bernardo Diana , Machado Susana
Published: January 2025

A escabiose é uma infeção dermatológica comum, que afeta globalmente mais de 200 milhões de pessoas. É causada pelo parasita Sarcoptes scabieivar. hominis e a sua transmissão dá-se por contacto direto. Os sintomas surgem entre as três e seis semanas após a infestação, sendo o prurido intenso a manifestação mais característica. As lesões aparecem mais frequentemente nas mãos, punhos, axilas, região periumbilical, nádegas e região genital, e nas crianças afetam também a face, couro cabeludo, palmas e plantas, tornozelos e tórax. Assim, o diagnóstico é clínico, mas pode ser desafiador devido à diversidade das manifestações. O tratamento visa eliminar o parasita e aliviar os sintomas, utilizando opções como permetrina a 5%, benzoato de benzilo, sulfato de enxofre tópicos ou ivermectina sistémica. A permetrina é recomendada como primeira linha para crianças acima de dois meses, enquanto a ivermectina é usada em casos mais graves. A adesão ao tratamento e a desinfestação de roupas e lençóis são fundamentais para prevenir reinfestações. Dada a sua prevalência e impacto significativo na saúde pública, especialmente em idade pediátrica, é crucial o reconhecimento precoce e tratamento eficaz.
A multifuncionalidade do extensor geral 'e tals' no português brasileiro contemporâneo
Authors: Guimarães Aléxia Teles , Coutinho Daniel Nepomuceno
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo analisa o uso do extensor geral e tals, elemento discursivo-pragmático que tem como funções, entre outras, a marcação de categoria e a requisição de solidariedade. Um extensor geral é um item lexical que ocorre usualmente em final de frase, sendo composto por uma conjunção mais um sintagma nominal. Estão presentes nas mais variadas línguas, tendo sido mais estudados em inglês e espanhol. Testa-se a hipótese de que o item estaria passando por um processo de gramaticalização no X (Twitter), rede social que apresenta uma linguagem com muitas marcas de oralidade e informalidade, sendo um corpus bastante representativo da linguagem jovem do português contemporâneo da primeira metade do século XXI. Foram testados quatro estágios de mudança semântico-pragmático do extensor geral e tals, tendo sido encontrados os três mais evoluídos em relação à multifuncionalidade, à subjetividade e à abstração, entre outros aspectos.
Early MRI Can Predict the Indication for Surgery in Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
Authors: Bauer Andrea S. , Van Heest Ann E. , Manske M. Claire , Shen Peter Y. , Asis Martin J. , Chang Jennifer , Taylor Sandra , James Michelle A.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not been routinely used for infants with brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI); instead, the decision to operate is based on the trajectory of clinical recovery by 6 months of age. The aim of this study was to develop an MRI protocol that can be performed without sedation or contrast in order to identify infants who would benefit from surgery at an earlier age than the age at which that decision could be made clinically.

Methods:

This prospective multicenter NAPTIME (Non-Anesthetized Plexus Technique for Infant MRI Evaluation) study included infants aged 28 to 120 days with BPBI from 3 tertiary care centers. Subjects had nonsedated non-contrast rapid volumetric proton density MRI on 3-T scanners. Neuroradiologists at each site calculated the NAPTIME nerve root injury score for subjects at their site. Interrater reliability was performed on a subset of subjects. All of the subjects were evaluated with routine clinical examinations up to 6 months of age, by which time the treating surgeon determined whether to offer nerve surgery. Surgeons were blinded to the MRI results. The ability of the NAPTIME score to discriminate surgeon indication for surgery was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, by estimating the area under the curve (AUC) across the range of NAPTIME scores.

Results:

Sixty-five infants successfully completed the NAPTIME MRI; 18 (28%) ultimately met the clinical criteria for nerve surgery. The interrater reliability for the NAPTIME score was moderate at 0.703 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.582 to 0.818). The median NAPTIME score for subjects who met the criteria for nerve surgery was 16.2 (interquartile range [IQR], 9.9 to 18.9), while the median score for those who did not was 7.0 (IQR, 5.0 to10.5). The NAPTIME score predicted meeting the criteria for surgery with an AUC of 0.812 (95% CI, 0.688 to 0.936). A score of >13 offered a specificity of 0.94 and a sensitivity of 0.61 for surgical indication.

Conclusions:

Non-contrast MRI without sedation is a useful tool in determining the severity of injury in BPBI. The NAPTIME score might distinguish which infants will meet the criteria for reconstructive nerve surgery earlier than when the decision can be made clinically.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Integración de los ODS en Educación Superior para aumentar la motivación y el pensamiento crítico del alumnado universitario
Authors: Pradas-Esteban Francisco , Mateo-Guillén Copelia
Published: January 2025

Resumen: En los últimos años, la importancia de incluir la Agenda 2030 y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) en el ámbito de la Educación Superior ha sido un tema muy investigado por expertos en la materia. Esta investigación se centra en el papel que juegan los ODS en la formación de los estudiantes del Grado en Maestro de Educación Primaria de la Mención de Lengua Extranjera: Inglés, de la Universidad de Alicante, tomando en consideración sus niveles de motivación en torno a esta temática y cómo favorece al desarrollo de su pensamiento crítico. El presente estudio ha seguido una investigación con un enfoque de métodos mixtos en lo que a la recolección y análisis de datos se refiere, haciendo uso de escalas Likert y cuestionarios de respuesta abierta con pre-tests y post-tests. A modo de conclusión, podemos afirmar que existe una clara relación entre la selección de métodos didácticos innovadores y el aumento de la motivación e implicación de los estudiantes en su proceso formativo. De hecho, el presente estudio demuestra como la temática ODS ha supuesto un aumento motivacional para el alumnado, así como el desarrollo de competencias clave y habilidades como la ciudadanía, el pensamiento crítico y la conciencia social. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación resultan muy significativos puesto que estos estudiantes se enfrentarán en su futuro laboral a la realidad de las aulas de Educación Primaria, donde deberán poner en práctica estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje que permitan a sus estudiantes adquirir un aprendizaje de carácter significativo, en conciencia con el mundo que les rodea.
Palabras clave: Agenda 2030. ODS. Motivación. Pensamiento crítico, Educación Primaria.
El poder de la responsabilidad social empresarial para incrementar el valor de marca en entidades bancarias colombianas
Authors: Otero-Gómez María Cristina , Giraldo-Pérez Wilson
Published: January 2025

El propósito de este estudio es analizar posibles diferencias en la manera como hombres y mujeres, en su rol de consumidores, perciben las acciones de la responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) y su efecto en el valor de marca (VM) de algunas entidades bancarias que operan en Colombia. A partir de lo anterior, se realizan aportes teóricos frente al resultado alcanzado en la variable de responsabilidad social empresarial, la cual fortalece el valor de marca a partir de diferencias representadas en el género, la edad y el tipo de consumo. Esta investigación implementó un enfoque cuantitativo. Los datos proceden de 588 usuarios de servicios bancarios ubicados en diferentes ciudades de Colombia. Para estimar las relaciones propuestas, se implementó un modelado de ecuaciones estructurales a través de PLS-SEM. Los datos confirman que la responsabilidad social contribuye ampliamente a la construcción del valor de las marcas bancarias. Sin embargo, tanto el género como la edad, no presentan diferencias en la forma como se interpretan las acciones sociales del banco y cómo estas iniciativas impactan en el valor de marca. En cambio, se observan diferentes respuestas a partir del tipo de consumo, principalmente en el hedónico, seguido del utilitario. Para los usuarios, el hecho de que un banco tenga un comportamiento ético y honrado, y que facilite las operaciones, hace que estos lo prefieran a pesar de que otros bancos presten servicios similares. Este manuscrito aporta a la limitada comprensión teórica y empírica sobre la respuesta del consumidor a las acciones de responsabilidad social, en el ámbito colombiano.
WITHDRAWN: Differential Identification of Childhood Overweight and Obesity Based on Bioimpedance Analysis of Body Composition
Authors: zhong qiong , zhou zhangming , zhai lei , yang jun , deng lan
Published: January 2025

29 January, 2025. Research Square has withdrawn this preprint due to overlap with another author's published work: [Wiad Lek. 2024;77(3):402-408. doi: 10.36740/WLek202403105](https://wiadlek.pl/wp-content/uploads/archive/2024/WiadLek2024i3.pdf).
Learning Interpretable Network Dynamics via Universal Neural Symbolic Regression
Authors: Cui Jiaxu , Hu Jiao , Yang Bo
Published: January 2025

Discovering governing equations of complex network dynamics is a fundamental challenge in contemporary science with rich data, which can uncover the hidden patterns and mechanisms of the formation and evolution of complex phenomena in various fields and assist in decision-making. In this work, we develop a universal computational tool that can automatically, efficiently, and accurately learn the symbolic patterns of changes in complex system states by combining the excellent fitting capability of deep learning with the equation inference ability of pre-trained symbolic regression. We perform extensive and intensive experimental verifications on more than ten representative scenarios from fields such as physics, biochemistry, ecology, and epidemiology. The results demonstrate the outstanding effectiveness and efficiency of our tool compared to state-of-the-art symbolic regression techniques for network dynamics. The application to real-world systems including global epidemic transmission and pedestrian movements has verified its practical applicability. We believe that our tool can serve as a universal solution to dispel the fog of hidden mechanisms of changes in complex phenomena, advance toward interpretability, and inspire further scientific discoveries.
Wood ash and green-synthesized nanoparticles as bio-detoxifiers in stored cocoa beans varieties
Authors: Ogundeji Babatunde , Adedeji A. R. , Olalekan-Adeniran M. A. , Sulyok M.
Published: January 2025

Cocoa beans, although greatly important to the economy of many countries across the globe, are prone to fungal and bio-toxin contamination at storage, but must be protected using safer management options. Freshly prepared dried fermented F3 Amazon and CRIN Tc cocoa beans varieties were treated in vivo with wood ash (20 g and 40 g neem and scent leaf ash/kg cocoa beans) and green synthesized neem and scent leaf silver nanoparticles, AgNPs (75ml and 100ml AgNPs/kg cocoa beans) and stored for 120 days under varied storage conditions (29-34oC/RH 55–65% and 29-31oC/RH 85–95%). Fungal multitoxin/secondary metabolite concentrations in the treated beans were determined before and after the period of storage using standard methods. Results obtained from the study were recorded and statistically analyzed. Ash and AgNP treatments applied on the stored cocoa beams in vivo significantly reduced the levels of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium mycotoxins (P ≤ 0.05) on the F3 Amazon and CRIN Tc cocoa beans varieties. Neem ash treatments at 20 and 40 g/kg cocoa beans were most effective for the control of storage moulds toxin production. The treatments however still need to be subjected to cytotoxicity and sensory analyses to confirm there suitability for cocoa beans preservation.
Natural Variation of Chalk9 Regulates Grain Chalkiness in Rice
Authors: Yan Changjie , Hu Zhi , Liu Hongchun , Guo Min , Han Xiang , Li Youguang , Chen Rujia , Guo Yifan , Yang Yihao , Sun Shengyuan , Zhou Yong , Gu Minghong
Published: January 2025

Grain chalkiness is an undesirable trait affecting rice quality, concerning both consumers and breeders. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying rice chalkiness remain largely elusive. Here, we identified Chalk9 as a major gene associated with grain chalkiness in a natural population, explaining 28% of the observed variance. Chalk9 encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets OsEBP89 for its ubiquitination and degradation during the post-milk stage to balance storage component accumulation in the endosperm. However, low expression of Chalk9 results in excessive accumulation of OsEBP89, disrupting the homeostasis of storage components and leading to the chalkiness phenotype. A 64-bp insertion/deletion in the Chalk9 promoter contributes to its differential transcriptional levels, thus causing chalkiness variation among rice varieties. Moreover, the introgression of the elite allele Chalk9-L into a high-chalkiness rice variety reduced the chalky grain rate by up to 20% and the degree of chalkiness by up to 40%, without compromising yield. Chalk9-L was strongly selected during japonica rice domestication and gradually incorporated into modern indica breeding programs. Our findings reveal novel molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying chalkiness and provide a potential strategy for breeding novel rice variety with improved quality.
Exploring Gender Identity in Medical Trainees and Practicing Physicians: A Preliminary Observation from Lebanon
Authors: Jardaly MohammadAli , Shaarani Issam
Published: January 2025

Background:
Gender identity awareness is increasing in medicine, yet data collection in Lebanon remains largely binary. This study examines gender identity trends among medical trainees and physicians.
Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among final-year medical students, residents, fellows, and attending physicians at all six private Lebanese medical schools and affiliated hospitals. The gender question included "male," "female," and "prefer not to answer" to ensure IRB approval.
Results:
Among 278 respondents (17.46% response rate), 13 (4.7%) chose "prefer not to answer"—6.1% of students, 8.1% of residents/fellows, and only 1.2% of attending physicians. Nearly all were trainees.
Conclusion:
A trend toward expressing non-binary gender identity appears more common among younger medical professionals and doctors in training in Lebanon. Further research is needed to explore this shift and its implications for medical education and practice.
Exploring the mechanism of artemisinin in alleviating lung injury caused by cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology
Authors: Hu Encong , Fang Jianjiang , Lu Shaoyan
Published: January 2025

Objective:To elucidate the mechanisms through which artemisinin mitigates lung injury post-cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA-CPR), this study applies network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.
Methods:Target proteins for artemisinin were pinpointed using the TCM System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, the Herb Database, and GeneCards. Predictive analyses for lung injury-related targets post-CA-CPR were conducted through GeneCards, with intersections analyzed to identify shared targets. The STRING Database was utilized to create a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and core targets were determined using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed via the Weisenxin online mapping website, while molecular docking was executed with Autodock Vina 1.1.2, and visualization was achieved using PyMOL 2.1 software.
Results:A total of 202 artemisinin targets, 7348 disease targets, 195 intersecting targets, and 21 core targets were identified. GO analysis revealed 78 cell components, 2873 biological processes, and 186 molecular functions. KEGG analysis highlighted involvement in pathways such as PI3K-Akt, AGE-RAGE, apoptosis, and TNF. Molecular docking results indicated strong binding activity of artemisinin with the core targets.
Conclusion:Artemisinin may mitigate lung injury following cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation through various pathways and targets, suggesting new avenues for further basic and clinical research.
External and internal influences on prepartum body image: a qualitative study
Authors: Arellano Alejandra , Roberts Ruth , Perez Alejandra , Panagiotopoulou Elena
Published: January 2025

Research suggests that it is crucial to better understand prepartum body image experiences as they are associated with various maternal and infant outcomes. However, the available evidence is mixed. The lack of consensus reflects the complexity of this phenomenon and the need for greater emphasis on qualitative methods to better understand the range and nuances of such experiences. In line with evidence that body image is a multisensory construct, involving sensations that arise both within and outside the body, we set out to explore external and internal influences on pregnant women’s body image experiences, using a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with first-time expectant mothers (N=10) during the third trimester of pregnancy. Thematic analysis revealed three themes: a sense of two bodies existing in one; conflicts and tensions due to internal and external changes; and the need for external support and reassurance. The implications of this research are important and potentially far-reaching, generating hypotheses and aiding the design of future studies, which can eventually help medical and mental health professionals in perinatal care better understand the complexity of prepartum body image experiences and support pregnant women. Various restrictions in response to the outbreak of COVID-19 were imposed when this study was conducted, offering a unique opportunity to consider the pandemic and associated restrictions as a contextual factor, which can also be informative to families facing restrictions due to other reasons, such as chronic illness or socio-political circumstances.
MFDI: Securing IIoT: An Investigation intoMachine Learning-Based False Data Injection Attacks
Authors: Saurabh Kumar Saurabh Kumar , Sharma Ashwani Kumar Sharma Ashwani Kumar , Mishra Supriya Mishra Supriya , Kumar Alok Kumar Alok
Published: January 2025

Now a days, Industries like manufacturing, power generation, and smart transportation are using advanced internet-connected systems. Unfortunately, this makes them more vulnerable to cyberattacks. To protect against these attacks, policymakers have created rules, implemented security features like secure login and encryption to safeguard these systems. However, the increasing number of cyberattacks like SQL injection attacks, False data Injection attacks, Phishing, etc. shows that these measures are not enough, and have some limitations. The false data injection attack is one of the most accruing attacks possible on Physical and cyber layers both. In Ukraine, there is a total blackout due to false data injection attacks, such case study of FDI attacks in power systems shows the severity of false data injection attacks. In this FDI attack, machines show wrong readings which might lead to economic and life loss, as critical infrastructures like hospitals, smart grids, modern transportation systems, etc. are fully dependent on electricity. In this paper, a few best-performing Machine learning algorithms have been implemented and after Exploratory Data Analysis and Data Preprocessing steps, GridSearchCv is used for hyperparameter tuning, which makes our proposed model outperformer than previous works in FDI attack detection. To evaluate the proposed model’s reliability, the performance evaluation is also done on Power System Attack Datasets provided by Mississippi State University and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Decision Tree algorithm stands out as the top performer with a training accuracy of 100% and a testing accuracy of 98%. the other performance metrics like Recall, F1 score, sensitivity training, and testing time also scored well in terms of comparison with other algorithms.
The Impact of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress on Anemia Development in Chronic Kidney Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Ogolla Collince Odiwuor , Karani Lucy W. , Musyoki Stanslaus
Published: January 2025

Background: Anemia is a common and significant complication in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) that can lead to adverse outcomes such as cardiovascular events, reduced quality of life, and accelerated progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Iron deficiency and insufficient erythropoietin (EPO) levels are key mechanisms in the development of anemia in CKD. While erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are used to manage anemia, their efficacy is often compromised in patients with iron deficiency.
Objective: To explore the effects of iron deficiency and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) on anemia management and kidney function in CKD, focusing on the underlying mechanisms involved.
Methods: This observational study included 120 patients with CKD stages 3 to 5, with measurements of hemoglobin levels, iron parameters (serum ferritin and transferrin saturation), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein) at baseline and after 6 months. Data were analyzed using statistical methods including paired t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and multivariate regression analysis to explore the relationships between iron status, ESA therapy, anemia progression, and kidney function decline.
Results: At baseline, 65% of the cohort was iron deficient. ESA therapy, in combination with iron supplementation, was associated with a significant increase in hemoglobin levels (mean increase of 2.5 g/dL, p < 0.001) and a slower rate of eGFR decline compared to those not receiving ESA therapy. Intravenous iron supplementation significantly improved iron parameters and enhanced ESA response, contributing to better management of anemia and kidney function preservation.
Conclusion: Iron deficiency plays a critical role in anemia treatment in CKD, and combining ESA therapy with iron supplementation, particularly intravenous iron, improves anemia control and may help slow the progression of kidney disease. These findings highlight the importance of addressing iron deficiency in CKD patients to improve both hematologic and renal outcomes. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of this therapeutic approach.
Adaptation of the Thought Suppression Inventory for use in a Greek population
Authors: Karali Evangeli , Manoussaki Kallia
Published: January 2025

Intrusive (unwanted) thoughts occur spontaneously and can cause considerable difficulty among neurodiverse, neurologically impaired and psychiatric populations. Depending on content and frequency they may interfere with cognitive processing, cause cognitive overload and are associated with emotional distress. Intrusions are commonly negative in both content and affect and often incongruent with the individual’s values. Thought suppression refers to attempts to control or block intrusive thoughts and involves both conscious and unconscious processes.The Thought Suppression Inventory (TSI) was designed by Rassin (2003) to measure Intrusion, Suppression and Effective Suppression. The current brief report presents the procedure for adaptation of the TSI for use among a Greek population. The report describes the extensive review of the instrument by peers and by a sample of the target population as well as the utilisation of multiple translations to ensure the closest possible approximation of the Greek version to the original instrument, with a particular focus on linguistic and cultural nuances.
Unraveling the role of autophagy and antioxidants in anther and pistil responses to heat stress in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: Mohammadi Valiollah , rezaeizadeh Ahmad , mondak Behnam , rasulnia Abdolrahman , Domínguez-Figueroa José , Carrillo Laura , Romero-Hernandez Gara , Medina Joaquin
Published: January 2025

Climate change and global warming have increasingly influenced yield and quality of rapeseed (Brassica napus) almost all across the world. The response of reproductive organs to high-temperature stress was studied in two rapeseed varieties, SAFI5 and DH13 with contrasting levels of heat stress tolerance. Pollen germination, viability, and seed set showed a significant reduction in the heat-sensitive variety (DH13). Superoxide quantification revealed higher accumulation in heat-sensitive variety, leading to decreased seed formation and floret fertility most probably due to declined pollen viability and stigma receptivity. Further microscopic analysis of the anther and pistil demonstrated a significant overlay between the damaged areas and the location of O2- accumulation. The sensitive variety showed higher O2-accumulation and a wider damage area than the tolerant one, suggesting that superoxide could incapacitate anther and pistil due to structural injury. Moreover, the activity levels and expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidant enzymes were significantly higher in the anther and pistil of the tolerant variety. Histochemical analysis also indicated markedly higher autophagosome formation in tolerant variety’s anther and pistil. Consistently, the expression levels of autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-related genes including BnATG8d, BnEXO70B, BnATl1 4A, and BnNBR1, as well as ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1, were higher in both reproductive organs of the tolerant variety. Interestingly, the areas of autophagosome formation overlapped with the areas in which higher superoxide accumulation and structural changes happened, suggesting a specific role of autophagy in oxidative stress response.
A Mathematical Model of Ozone Distribution over Walnut Layer in a Vibrating Dryer
Authors: Kaletnik Grygorii , Tsurkan Oleg , Spirin Anatoly , Prysiazhniuk Dmytro , Didyk Andrii
Published: January 2025

The most energy-intensive and time-consuming process in walnut processing technology is drying. As a rule, the moisture content is about 35-45 % during harvesting. Such conditions do not allow for storage and processing since high humidity creates favorable conditions to develop microbiological and enzymatic processes, which cause an intensive decrease in product quality. According to international standards, the moisture content should be decreased to 10 %. Including ozone in the composition of the drying agent allows for improving the energy performance of the drying process. One means for intensifying the drying process is the vibrational impact on the material layer. These two intensifying factors significantly improve the energy performance of the drying process. The article aims to increase the intensity and quality indicators of the drying process by developing a mathematical substantiation of the ozone distribution over the layer depth in a convective-vibration dryer using a comprehensive vibration-ozonating effect. The impact of the ozone-air mixture depends on distribution features and absorption by the entire layer in the drying chamber. The sorption and the ozone content in the coolant flow influence the ozone absorption parameters. A ratio characterizing the surface area blown with ozone can also be increased by transforming the walnut layer from stationary to quasi-boiling due to applying vibrational impact to the processed material. For the first time, the theoretical and experimental results made it possible to evaluate the performance of the ozone generator and the distribution law for ozone concentration depending on coolant velocity and vibration acceleration for the drying chamber. The obtained data showed that ozone concentration in the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the drying chamber is proportional to the vibration acceleration of the latter. The velocity of the drying agent of 8.5 m/s was achieved at the maximum magnitude of vibration acceleration for the concentration of 22.1–32.2 mg/m3. It was found that the average discrepancy in the ozone concentration range in the ozone-air mixture is achieved when leaving the dryer at 8–10 %, confirming the reliability of the developed mathematical model. It was also found that the average discrepancy in the range of ozone concentration in the ozone-air mixture when leaving the dryer is 8-10%, which confirms the adequacy of the developed mathematical model and the expediency of its further use. The article is devoted to solving the urgent problem of intensifying the convective process of drying walnuts with a comprehensive vibration-ozonating effect and a mathematical description of the ongoing process.
SMM for Promoting Healthy Eating: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ziabina Yevheniia , Kryvych Yana , Pigon Lukasz
Published: January 2025

This article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the use of social media marketing (SMM) for promoting healthy eating. The main goal of the present study was to analyse the trends and effectiveness of SMM tools in the fields of healthy eating and human behaviour. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving the problem of promoting healthy eating has led to a significant increase in attention to interactive marketing strategies in recent years. The relevance of solving this scientific problem lies in the fact that healthy eating is an important component of public health, and SMM can become an effective tool for shaping appropriate habits among the population. The study of the use of SMM in this article is carried out in the following logical sequence: analysis of the literature, bibliometric analysis of publication dynamics and geography, identification of key trends and research clusters, and testing hypotheses about the influence of regional features and innovative SMM tools. The methodological toolkit of the study includes bibliometric analysis methods, with the research period spanning 1969–2024. The object of the study consists of scientific publications from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, as they provide the broadest understanding of global trends. The article presents the results of an empirical analysis of the dynamics of publication activity and key terms related to the research topic. This analysis revealed that over the past 5 years, increased attention has been given to the use of interactive SMM tools for promoting healthy eating. The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that cultural and regional features influence the choice of marketing strategies in SMM and that innovative tools contribute to improving the effectiveness of such campaigns. The results of this study may be useful for marketers, public health researchers, and organizations involved in promoting a healthy lifestyle, as they allow for the adaptation of SMM strategies to cultural and regional characteristics. Moreover, the findings of this study may serve as a foundation for further research on the effectiveness of digital technologies in shaping healthy habits. The identified trends will promote the development of innovative approaches to healthy eating promotion through the use of personalized content.
Enrichment mechanism of heavy rare earth elements in magmatic-hydrothermal titanite: Insights from SXAS/XPS experiments and first-principles calculations and implications for regolith-hosted HREE deposits
Authors: Feng Yuzhou , Chen Huayong , Kuang Huiyao , Li Rucao , Xiao Bing , Wu Chao , Zheng Hui , Feng Renfei , Shakouri Mohsen , Pan Yuanming
Published: January 2025

Heavy rare earth elements (HREE), as critical materials for the global transition to a low-carbon economy, are mostly supplied by regolith-hosted ion adsorption deposits formed from the weathering of granites. Magmatic-hydrothermal titanite of pronounced HREE enrichment in granites has been suggested to play an important role in forming HREE-dominated regolith-hosted deposits. However, the crystal-chemical mechanism and geological process responsible for HREE enrichment in titanite remain unknown. This study investigated two texturally distinct types of HREE-enriched titanite (titanite I and II) in granites from the Gucheng regolith-hosted HREE deposit in South China. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) U-Pb dating of rutile associated with titanite I and II yielded similar ages of 101.0 ± 1.7 Ma and 97.9 ± 6.2 Ma, respectively, supporting HREE remobilization during auto-metasomatism. Microbeam synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopic analyses show that titanite I and II have distinct Y K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra. The best-fit results of Y K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure data suggest that titanite I and II have a Y-O first shell with coordination numbers and distances of 7.8 and 7.2 and 2.31–2.51 Å and 2.30–2.47 Å, respectively. Measured Y 3d and Dy 3d X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic data also support different Y,HREE-O first shells between titanite I and II. These results suggest that Y3+ and REE3+ occupy the 7-coordinated Ca site via three substitutions (Y,REE)3+ + (Al,Fe)3+ ↔ Ca2+ + Ti4+, 2(Y,REE)3+ + □Ca ↔ 3Ca2+, and 2(Y,REE)3+ + O2− ↔ 2Ca2+. First-principle calculations and the lattice strain model predict preferential uptakes of Y3+ and HREE3+ as the (Y,HREE)O8 polyhedra arising from the latter substitution mechanism at the Ca site in titanite. Also, we link the 2Y3+ + O2− ↔ 2Ca2+ substitution in titanite to highly oxidized and HREE-enriched melts/fluids originating from the subducted slab. These findings further support our previous suggestion that the crystallization of HREE-enriched titanite in granites plays an important role in forming HREE-dominated regolith-hosted deposits.
Contrastive Analysis of Noun-Adjective Word Order in Students' Writing: A Case Study of Common Core Classes in a Moroccan Public High School
Authors: Farid Zakaria , Jamali Achraf
Published: January 2025

This study explores word order patterns, specifically focusing on the noun-adjective inversion observed in the written language among EFL learners in a Moroccan public high school class. In a case study design with 102 participants, error analysis of learners’ produced language reveals a consistent and frequent deviating pattern as a result of negative transfer from L1 to L2, aligning with the interlanguage hypothesis. The findings enable Moroccan English teachers to predict and address language errors through tailored teaching strategies. Notably, a cross-sectional approach using controlled words unscrambling activity demonstrates the learners’ consistent deviation from English word order, except for instances of familiar phrases, suggesting exposure plays a key role in language accuracy. English teachers in Morocco can significantly profit from these findings by using them to anticipate, react, and modify their teaching strategies. Crucially, using well-known sentences correctly emphasizes how important repeated exposure is to language acquisition
Bibliometric analysis of research trends and networks in carbon tax studies: Insights into environmental and economic policy implications
Authors: Kusumawati Andi , Suhanda Suhanda , Darmawati  , Iqra Pradipta Natsir Andi , Syakira Kirana Juanda Indira
Published: January 2025

Carbon taxes are increasingly recognized as a critical tool in mitigating climate change by reducing carbon emissions. This study analyzes research trends in carbon tax studies using bibliometric techniques and social network analysis to explore their environmental and economic impacts and policy implications. By analyzing 922 documents from 308 sources published between 1968 and 2024, the study identifies key topics, emerging trends, and collaboration patterns among researchers. The results show a significant increase in carbon tax publications and citations, particularly from 2000 to 2019, peaking around 2017–2019, followed by a decline after 2021. The most frequently studied topics include carbon tax effects on emissions reduction, economic balance, and environmental sustainability. Social network analysis reveals influential researchers and institutions driving the discourse on carbon taxes, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in shaping effective policies. These findings provide insights into the evolution of carbon tax policies and underscore the need for continued research on specialized themes such as the role of carbon taxes in supply chain management, social equity, and energy policy.
AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the Rector and the Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University for their unwavering support and invaluable assistance in this analysis. Their commitment to advancing academic research and community service has been instrumental in completing this study.