Le classement automatique des sceaux: solutions manuelles et problèmes d᾽informatique. Essai méthodologique appliqué à l᾽Orient Latin
Authors: POUTIERS J.-C. 
Published: November 2014

&nbsp; <p>Jean-Christian Poutiers</p><p>&nbsp;Ἡ &alpha;ὐ&tau;ό&mu;&alpha;&tau;&eta; &tau;&alpha;&xi;&iota;&nu;ό&mu;&eta;&sigma;&eta; &tau;ῶ&nu; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&omega;&nu;: &Sigma;&upsilon;&nu;ή&theta;&epsilon;&iota;&sigmaf; &lambda;ύ&sigma;&epsilon;&iota;&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ &pi;&rho;&omicron;&beta;&lambda;ή&mu;&alpha;&tau;&alpha; &pi;&lambda;&eta;&rho;&omicron;&phi;&omicron;&rho;&iota;&kappa;ῆ&sigmaf; </p><p>Ἡ &pi;&alpha;&rho;&omicron;ύ&sigma;&alpha; ἐ&rho;&gamma;&alpha;&sigma;ί&alpha; ἀ&nu;&alpha;&lambda;&alpha;&mu;&beta;ά&nu;&epsilon;&iota; &nu;ὰ &mu;&epsilon;&lambda;&epsilon;&tau;ή&sigma;&epsilon;&iota; &delta;&iota;ά&phi;&omicron;&rho;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &mu;&epsilon;&theta;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&kappa;ὲ&sigmaf; ἀ&pi;ό&psi;&epsilon;&iota;&sigmaf; ἐ&phi;&alpha;&rho;&mu;&omicron;&zeta;ό&mu;&epsilon;&nu;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &sigma;&tau;ὶ&sigmaf; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &tau;ῆ&sigmaf; &Lambda;&alpha;&tau;&iota;&nu;&iota;&kappa;ῆ&sigmaf; Ἀ&nu;&alpha;&tau;&omicron;&lambda;ῆ&sigmaf;.</p><p>&Iota;. &Gamma;&epsilon;&nu;&iota;&kappa;ὲ&sigmaf; &pi;&alpha;&rho;&alpha;&tau;&eta;&rho;ή&sigma;&epsilon;&iota;&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ &sigma;&kappa;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;ὶ &tau;ῆ&sigmaf; ἔ&rho;&epsilon;&upsilon;&nu;&alpha;&sigmaf;</p><p>Ὁ &sigma;&upsilon;&gamma;&gamma;&rho;&alpha;&phi;έ&alpha;&sigmaf; &tau;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;&theta;&epsilon;&tau;&epsilon;ῖ &tau;ὶ&sigmaf; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &tau;ῆ&sigmaf; &Lambda;&alpha;&tau;&iota;&nu;&iota;&kappa;ῆ&sigmaf; Ἀ&nu;&alpha;&tau;&omicron;&lambda;ῆ&sigmaf; &sigma;&tau;ὸ ἱ&sigma;&tau;&omicron;&rho;&iota;&kappa;ὸ &tau;&omicron;&upsilon;&sigmaf; &pi;&lambda;&alpha;ί&sigma;&iota;&omicron; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ ἐ&pi;&iota;&mu;έ&nu;&epsilon;&iota; &sigma;&tau;ὴ &sigma;&eta;&mu;&alpha;&sigma;ί&alpha; &pi;&omicron;ὺ &mu;&pi;&omicron;&rho;&omicron;ῦ&nu; &nu;ὰ ἔ&chi;&omicron;&upsilon;&nu; &gamma;&iota;ὰ &nu;ὰ &phi;&omega;&tau;ί&sigma;&omicron;&upsilon;&nu; &pi;&omicron;&lambda;&lambda;ὲ&sigmaf; &pi;&lambda;&epsilon;&upsilon;&rho;ὲ&sigmaf; &tau;ῶ&nu; &beta;&upsilon;&zeta;&alpha;&nu;&tau;&iota;&nu;ῶ&nu; &sigma;&pi;&omicron;&upsilon;&delta;ῶ&nu;. &Xi;&epsilon;&kappa;&iota;&nu;ώ&nu;&tau;&alpha;&sigmaf; ἀ&pi;ὸ &tau;ὴ &laquo;&Sigma;&iota;&gamma;&iota;&lambda;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&rho;&alpha;&phi;ί&alpha; &tau;ῆ&sigmaf; &Lambda;&alpha;&tau;&iota;&nu;&iota;&kappa;ῆ&sigmaf; Ἀ&nu;&alpha;&tau;&omicron;&lambda;ῆ&sigmaf;&raquo; &tau;&omicron;ῦ G. &nbsp;Schlumberger, &nbsp;ὁ &sigma;&upsilon;&gamma;&gamma;&rho;&alpha;&phi;έ&alpha;&sigmaf; &pi;&rho;&omicron;&tau;&epsilon;ί&nu;&epsilon;&iota; &nu;ὰ &chi;&rho;&eta;&sigma;&iota;&mu;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;&iota;&eta;&theta;&omicron;ῦ&nu; &mu;έ&theta;&omicron;&delta;&omicron;&iota; ἤ&delta;&eta; &delta;&omicron;&kappa;&iota;&mu;&alpha;&sigma;&mu;έ&nu;&epsilon;&sigmaf; ἀ&pi;ὸ &tau;&omicron;ὺ&sigmaf; ἐ&rho;&epsilon;&upsilon;&nu;&eta;&tau;ὲ&sigmaf; &sigma;ὲ &delta;&iota;ά&phi;&omicron;&rho;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &mu;&epsilon;&lambda;έ&tau;&epsilon;&sigmaf;.</p><p>&Iota;&Iota;. &Sigma;&upsilon;&nu;ή&theta;&epsilon;&iota;&sigmaf; &delta;&epsilon;&lambda;&tau;&iota;&omicron;&theta;ῆ&kappa;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ &tau;&epsilon;&kappa;&mu;&eta;&rho;&iota;&omega;&tau;&iota;&kappa;ὴ ἀ&nu;ά&lambda;&upsilon;&sigma;&eta;. </p><p>Ἡ &sigma;ύ&gamma;&chi;&rho;&omicron;&nu;&eta; ἐ&pi;&iota;&sigma;&tau;&eta;&mu;&omicron;&nu;&iota;&kappa;ὴ &delta;&epsilon;&omicron;&nu;&tau;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;ί&alpha; ἐ&pi;&iota;&beta;ά&lambda;&lambda;&epsilon;&iota; ὅ&lambda;&omicron; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ &pi;&iota;ὸ ἀ&kappa;&rho;&iota;&beta;&epsilon;ῖ&sigmaf; &mu;&epsilon;&theta;ό&delta;&omicron;&upsilon;&sigmaf; ἀ&nu;ά&lambda;&upsilon;&sigma;&eta;&sigmaf; ἀ&nu;&tau;&alpha;&pi;&omicron;&kappa;&rho;&iota;&nu;ό&mu;&epsilon;&nu;&omicron;&sigmaf; &sigma;ὲ &alpha;ὐ&tau;ὴ &tau;ὴ&nu; ἀ&nu;ά&gamma;&kappa;&eta;, ὁ &sigma;&upsilon;&gamma;&gamma;&rho;&alpha;&phi;έ&alpha;&sigmaf; &pi;&rho;&omicron;&tau;&epsilon;ί&nu;&epsilon;&iota; ἕ&nu;&alpha; &lambda;&epsilon;&pi;&tau;&omicron;&mu;&epsilon;&rho;ὲ&sigmaf; &delta;&epsilon;&lambda;&tau;ί&omicron; ἀ&nu;&alpha;&lambda;ύ&omicron;&nu;&tau;&alpha;&sigmaf; &tau;&omicron;ὺ&sigmaf; ἐ&sigma;&omega;&tau;&epsilon;&rho;&iota;&kappa;&omicron;ὺ&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ ἐ&xi;&omega;&tau;&epsilon;&rho;&iota;&kappa;&omicron;ὺ&sigmaf; &chi;&alpha;&rho;&alpha;&kappa;&tau;ῆ&rho;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &tau;ῆ&sigmaf; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&alpha;&sigmaf; (fiche SOL). &Pi;ά&nu;&omega; &sigma;&tau;ὴ &beta;ά&sigma;&eta; &alpha;ὐ&tau;&omicron;ῦ &tau;&omicron;ῦ &delta;&epsilon;&lambda;&tau;ί&omicron;&upsilon;, &epsilon;ἶ&nu;&alpha;&iota; &delta;&upsilon;&nu;&alpha;&tau;ὴ &mu;&iota;ὰ &kappa;&omega;&delta;&iota;&kappa;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;ί&eta;&sigma;&eta; &tau;&omicron;ῦ &tau;ύ&pi;&omicron;&upsilon; &pi;&omicron;ὺ &chi;&rho;&eta;&sigma;&iota;&mu;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;ί&eta;&sigma;&epsilon; ὁ R. Dubuc &gamma;&iota;ὰ &tau;ὴ&nu; ἑ&rho;&alpha;&lambda;&delta;&iota;&kappa;ή. Ἡ ἐ&phi;&alpha;&rho;&mu;&omicron;&gamma;ή &tau;&eta;&sigmaf; &mu;&pi;&omicron;&rho;&epsilon;ῖ &nu;ὰ &pi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;&mu;&alpha;&tau;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;&iota;&eta;&theta;&epsilon;ῖ &sigma;ὲ &delta;&iota;ά&tau;&rho;&eta;&tau;&alpha; &kappa;&lambda;&alpha;&sigma;&sigma;&iota;&kappa;ά &delta;&epsilon;&lambda;&tau;ί&alpha; (&sigma;ύ&sigma;&tau;&eta;&mu;&alpha; &delta;&iota;&pi;&lambda;ώ&nu; &pi;&lambda;ά&gamma;&iota;&omega;&nu; &delta;&iota;&alpha;&tau;&rho;ή&sigma;&epsilon;&omega;&nu; 1-2-4-7) ἤ ἀ&nu;&tau;ί&theta;&epsilon;&tau;&alpha; (inverted files selecto). Ή &chi;&rho;&eta;&sigma;&iota;&mu;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;ί&eta;&sigma;&eta; &lambda;&omicron;&iota;&pi;ὸ&nu; &tau;ῶ&nu; &upsilon;&pi;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&sigma;&tau;ῶ&nu; &epsilon;ἶ&nu;&alpha;&iota; ἐ&phi;&iota;&kappa;&tau;ὴ &sigma;&tau;ὶ&sigmaf; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;&iota;&delta;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&kappa;ὲ&sigmaf; &mu;&epsilon;&lambda;έ&tau;&epsilon;&sigmaf;.</p><p>III. &Alpha;ὐ&tau;ό&mu;&alpha;&tau;&eta; &tau;&alpha;&xi;&iota;&nu;ό&mu;&eta;&sigma;&eta; &tau;ῶ&nu; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&omega;&nu;</p><p>&Gamma;&iota;ὰ &tau;ὴ &mu;&epsilon;&theta;&omicron;&delta;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&kappa;ὴ ἀ&pi;ό&delta;&epsilon;&iota;&xi;&eta;, ὁ &sigma;&upsilon;&gamma;&gamma;&rho;&alpha;&phi;έ&alpha;&sigmaf; &pi;&rho;&omicron;&tau;&epsilon;ί&nu;&epsilon;&iota; &mu;&iota;ὰ &gamma;&rho;ή&gamma;&omicron;&rho;&eta; &mu;&epsilon;&lambda;έ&tau;&eta; &pi;ά&nu;&omega; &sigma;&tau;ὴ&nu; &tau;&upsilon;&pi;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;ί&alpha; &tau;ῶ&nu; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&omega;&nu; &tau;ῶ&nu; &beta;&alpha;&sigma;&iota;&lambda;έ&omega;&nu; &tau;ῆ&sigmaf; Ἱ&epsilon;&rho;&omicron;&upsilon;&sigma;&alpha;&lambda;ή&mu;, ἐ&xi;&eta;&gamma;ώ&nu;&tau;&alpha;&sigmaf; &tau;ὸ &mu;&eta;&chi;&alpha;&nu;&iota;&sigma;&mu;ό &tau;&eta;&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ ἐ&pi;&iota;&mu;έ&nu;&omicron;&nu;&tau;&alpha;&sigmaf; &pi;ά&nu;&omega; &sigma;&tau;ὶ&sigmaf; &delta;&upsilon;&nu;&alpha;&tau;ό&tau;&eta;&tau;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ &tau;ὰ ὅ&rho;&iota;&alpha; &chi;&rho;&eta;&sigma;&iota;&mu;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;ί&eta;&sigma;&eta;&sigmaf; &tau;ῶ&nu; ἡ&lambda;&epsilon;&kappa;&tau;&rho;&omicron;&nu;&iota;&kappa;ῶ&nu; ὑ&pi;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&sigma;&tau;ῶ&nu;.</p><p>IV. &Tau;&upsilon;&pi;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;ί&alpha; &tau;ῶ&nu; &tau;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;&gamma;&rho;&alpha;&phi;&iota;&kappa;ῶ&nu; ἀ&rho;&chi;&iota;&tau;&epsilon;&kappa;&tau;&omicron;&nu;&iota;&kappa;ῶ&nu; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&omega;&nu;</p><p>&Sigma;&tau;ὴ &sigma;&upsilon;&nu;έ&chi;&epsilon;&iota;&alpha;, &chi;&rho;&eta;&sigma;&iota;&mu;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;&iota;&omicron;ῦ&nu;&tau;&alpha;&iota; ἄ&lambda;&lambda;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &tau;&epsilon;&chi;&nu;&iota;&kappa;ὲ&sigmaf; &gamma;&iota;ὰ &nu;ὰ &mu;&epsilon;&lambda;&epsilon;&tau;&eta;&theta;&omicron;ῦ&nu; &mu;ὲ &pi;&epsilon;&rho;&iota;&sigma;&sigma;ό&tau;&epsilon;&rho;&eta; ἀ&kappa;&rho;ί&beta;&epsilon;&iota;&alpha; &omicron;ἱ &tau;&omicron;&pi;&omicron;&gamma;&rho;&alpha;&phi;&iota;&kappa;ὲ&sigmaf; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &tau;&omicron;ῦ &beta;&alpha;&sigma;&iota;&lambda;&epsilon;ί&omicron;&upsilon; &tau;ῆ&sigmaf; Ἱ&epsilon;&rho;&omicron;&upsilon;&sigma;&alpha;&lambda;ὴ&mu; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ ἡ ἐ&pi;ί&delta;&epsilon;&iota;&xi;ή &tau;&omicron;&upsilon;&sigmaf; ὁ&delta;&eta;&gamma;&epsilon;ί &sigma;&tau;ὴ&nu; ἀ&nu;&tau;ί&lambda;&eta;&psi;&eta; &kappa;&alpha;&tau;&eta;&gamma;&omicron;&rho;&iota;ῶ&nu; ἰ&sigma;&omicron;&tau;&iota;&mu;ί&alpha;&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ &delta;&iota;&alpha;&delta;&omicron;&chi;ῆ&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;&theta;ὼ&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ ἀ&nu;&alpha;&kappa;&alpha;&tau;ά&tau;&alpha;&xi;&eta;&sigmaf; ὁ&mu;ά&delta;&omega;&nu; ἰ&sigma;&omicron;&tau;&iota;&mu;ί&alpha;&sigmaf;.</p><p>V.&nbsp; &Tau;ὸ &nu;&omicron;&mu;&iota;&kappa;ὸ &pi;&rho;ό&sigma;&omega;&pi;&omicron; &tau;ῆ&sigmaf; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&alpha;&sigmaf; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ ἡ &mu;&alpha;&theta;&eta;&mu;&alpha;&tau;&iota;&kappa;ή &tau;&omicron;&upsilon; ἀ&nu;ά&lambda;&upsilon;&sigma;&eta;</p><p>&Epsilon;ἶ&nu;&alpha;&iota; &sigma;&upsilon;&nu;&epsilon;&pi;ῶ&sigmaf; &delta;&upsilon;&nu;&alpha;&tau;ὸ &nu;ὰ &xi;&epsilon;&pi;&epsilon;&rho;&alpha;&sigma;&tau;&epsilon;ῖ ἡ &tau;&upsilon;&pi;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&kappa;ὴ ἄ&pi;&omicron;&psi;&eta; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ &nu;ὰ &mu;&epsilon;&lambda;&epsilon;&tau;&eta;&theta;&omicron;ῦ&nu;, &pi;ά&nu;&omega; &sigma;&tau;ὴ &beta;ά&sigma;&eta; &tau;ῶ&nu; &mu;&alpha;&theta;&eta;&mu;&alpha;&tau;&iota;&kappa;ῶ&nu; ὑ&pi;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&sigma;&mu;ῶ&nu; &tau;&omicron;ῦ F. Lorrain, &omicron;ἱ ἱ&epsilon;&rho;&alpha;&rho;&chi;&iota;&kappa;ὲ&sigmaf; &sigma;&chi;έ&sigma;&epsilon;&iota;&sigmaf; ἀ&nu;ά&mu;&epsilon;&sigma;&alpha; &sigma;ὲ &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&epsilon;&sigmaf; &pi;&omicron;ὺ ἀ&nu;ή&kappa;&omicron;&upsilon;&nu; &sigma;έ &kappa;&alpha;&tau;&eta;&gamma;&omicron;&rho;ί&epsilon;&sigmaf; ἀ&nu;&tau;&iota;&pi;&alpha;&rho;&alpha;&tau;&iota;&theta;έ&mu;&epsilon;&nu;&omega;&nu; ἀ&nu;&tau;&iota;&kappa;&epsilon;&iota;&mu;έ&nu;&omega;&nu;. &Alpha;ὐ&tau;ὸ &delta;&omicron;&kappa;&iota;&mu;ά&sigma;&tau;&eta;&kappa;&epsilon; &sigma;ὲ &mu;&iota;ὰ ὁ&mu;ά&delta;&alpha; &pi;έ&nu;&tau;&epsilon; &sigma;&phi;&rho;&alpha;&gamma;ί&delta;&omega;&nu; &kappa;&alpha;ὶ &mu;&pi;&omicron;&rho;&epsilon;ῖ ἔ&tau;&sigma;&iota; &epsilon;ὔ&kappa;&omicron;&lambda;&alpha; &nu;ὰ &phi;&alpha;&nu;&epsilon;ῖ &mu;&iota;ὰ ἐ&sigma;&omega;&tau;&epsilon;&rho;&iota;&kappa;ὴ &lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&kappa;ὴ &tau;&omicron;ῦ &sigma;&upsilon;&sigma;&tau;ή&mu;&alpha;&tau;&omicron;&sigmaf; ἰ&sigma;&omicron;&tau;&iota;&mu;ί&alpha;&sigmaf; (&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&kappa;ὴ &tau;ῆ&sigmaf; ἀ&nu;&alpha;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;ί&alpha;&sigmaf;). &Sigma;&tau;ὴ &sigma;&upsilon;&nu;έ&chi;&epsilon;&iota;&alpha;, ὁ ἀ&lambda;&gamma;&epsilon;&beta;&rho;&iota;&kappa;ὸ&sigmaf; ὑ&pi;&omicron;&lambda;&omicron;&gamma;&iota;&sigma;&mu;ὸ&sigmaf; &mu;&pi;&omicron;&rho;&epsilon;ῖ &nu;ὰ ἐ&phi;&alpha;&rho;&mu;&omicron;&sigma;&tau;&epsilon;ῖ ἀ&kappa;ό&mu;&alpha; &gamma;&iota;ὰ &tau;ὴ&nu; &pi;&rho;&omicron;ώ&theta;&eta;&sigma;&eta; &tau;ῶ&nu; ἱ&sigma;&tau;&omicron;&rho;&iota;&kappa;&omicron;-&nu;&omicron;&mu;&iota;&kappa;ῶ&nu; ἐ&rho;&epsilon;&upsilon;&nu;ῶ&nu;.</p>