bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the physical and emotional health concerning the students' physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: SILISTEANU Sinziana-Calina , SILISTEANU Andrei Emanuel , ANTONESCU Oana-Raluca , DUICA Lavinia Corina
Published: December 2021

Introduction. SARS CoV-2 caused the third global pandemic and by applying quarantine / isolation / lockdown, the movement was restricted, the physical contact between people was reduced, the physical activity was low, but the activities using electronic devices at home were frequent.
The aim of the study was to assess the physical and emotional health in relation to the physical activities done during quarantine/ isolation during the pandemic.
Material and method. The study was cross-sectional and consisted of completing an online questionnaire. It was conducted in a period of 6 months and it included 334 students. In order to point out the symptoms caused by quarantine / isolation/ lockdown, we considered it useful for students to participate by completing an online questionnaire about physical activities, physical health and emotional state, related to the implications of participating in online courses.
Results. The questions in this questionnaire were grouped on the following aspects: physical activity, physical health, emotional state, all in the context of the pandemic period, including the period in which the academic activity was online. Thus, in the first year, there is a positive correlation between physical condition, physical activity, emotional signs and cognitive ones. In the second year, the positive correlation is present between the physical and the affective signs, whereas the negative correlation is between the affective signs, the cognitive ones and the physical activity. In the third year, the positive correlation is obvious between the affective signs, the cognitive ones and the physical activity, whereas the negative one between the physical and cognitive signs, as well as between the physical activity and the cognitive and physical signs.
Discussions. There is a link between emotional and cognitive symptoms and physical health. Fear, anxiety, behavioral disorders, and limited physical activity among students during this period can be a public health issue.
Conclusions. The COVID-19 pandemic affected the physical and mental state, with a greater resonance for youth, especially pupils and students. Many of them had emotional, behavioral, physical and cognitive symptoms. These symptoms are found to a greater extent in students in the final years, due to the social impact, social and professional integration.
Keywords: physical health, mental state, students,
A mapping of health education institutions and programs in the WHO African Region
Authors: Yarmoshuk Aaron N. , Abomo Pierre , Fitzgerald Niamh , Cole Donald C. , Fontanet Arnaud , Adeola Henry A. , Zarowsky Christina , Pulford Justin
Published: December 2021

Background: Information on health education institutions is required for planning, implementing and monitoring human resources for health strategies.  Details on the number, type and distribution of medical and health science programs offered by African higher education institutions remains scattered. 

Methods: We merged and updated datasets of health professional and post-graduate programs to develop a mapping of health education institutions covering the World Health Organization African Region as of 2021.

Results: Nine hundred and nine (909) institutions were identified in the 47 countries.  Together they offered 1,157 health professional programs (235 medicine, 718 nursing, 77 public health and 146 pharmacy) and 1,674 post-graduate programs (42 certificates, 1,152 Master’s and 480 PhDs). Regionally, East Africa had the most countries with multiple academic health science centres - institutions offering medical degrees and at least one other health professional program.  Among countries, South Africa had the most institutions and post-graduate programs with 182 and 596, respectfully.  A further five countries had between 53-105 institutions, 12 countries had between 10 and 37 institutions, and 28 countries had between one and eight institutions. One country had no institution. Countries with the largest populations and gross domestic products had significantly more health education institutions and produced more scientific research (ANOVA testing).

Discussion: We envision an online database being made available in a visually attractive, user-friendly, open access format that nationally, registered institutions can add to and update.  This would serve the needs of trainees, administrators, planners and researchers alike and support the World Health Organization’s Global strategy on human resources for health: workforce 2030.
Modified Kibria-Lukman (MKL) estimator for the Poisson Regression Model: application and simulation
Authors: Aladeitan Benedicta B. , Adebimpe Olukayode , Lukman Adewale F. , Oludoun Olajumoke , Abiodun Oluwakemi E.
Published: December 2021

Background: Multicollinearity greatly affects the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) efficiency in both the linear regression model and the generalized linear model. Alternative estimators to the MLE include the ridge estimator, the Liu estimator and the Kibria-Lukman (KL) estimator, though literature shows that the KL estimator is preferred. Therefore, this study sought to modify the KL estimator to mitigate the Poisson Regression Model with multicollinearity.

Methods: A simulation study and a real-life study was carried out and the performance of the new estimator was compared with some of the existing estimators.

Results: The simulation result showed the new estimator performed more efficiently than the MLE, Poisson Ridge Regression Estimator (PRE), Poisson Liu Estimator (PLE) and the Poisson KL (PKL) estimators. The real-life application also agreed with the simulation result.

Conclusions: In general, the new estimator performed more efficiently than the MLE, PRE, PLE and the PKL when multicollinearity was present.
May Mutation of SNP rs1800947 Affects Length of Stay Outcome of COVID-19 suspects?
Authors: Zulmansyah Zulmansyah , Nugraha Gaga Irawan , Agustian Dwi , Gurnida Dida Akhmad
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new type of respiratory infection that first emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China. COVID-19 is caused by a new type of virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study aims to determine the association of SNP CRP rs1800947 gene in suspected COVID-19 patients to length of stay at Al Ihsan Hospital, and Banten Hospital in June-November 2020. This study used data from 60 patients, all patients were suspect COVID-19. The subject was  29 COVID-19 people were confirmed, whereas 31 people were not. A statistics analysis due to pearson correlation and linear multi regretion. This study found a significant assosiation between the subject. The results of this study were the relationship between SNP rs1800947 and outcome, a fairly strong association level relationship was found in the SNP rs1800947 (p-value= 0.045, association= 0.537). The association between length of stay and CRP levels has a low level of association (p-value=0.015, association=0.378). The SNP genotype rs1800947 G had a longer treatment duration of 0.14778 days compared to the SNPrs1800947 C genotype. CRP levels showed that higher CRP levels increased the length of treatment compared to normal CRP levels. Where high CRP levels are at risk of 0.6330 days longer than normal CRP while very high CRP is at risk of 2.9561 days longer than Normal CRP levels. In general, the gene SNP rs1800947 and CRP levels, together affect the outcome of patients with suspected COVID-19.
Leveraging capabilities for the creation of a smart, healthy and personalized breakfast: a case study of innovation ecosystems in the EU
Authors: Talens Clara , Rios Yolanda , Santa Cruz Elena
Published: December 2021

Background: Rapid population growth, increasing urbanization, and an expanding global middle class has profound impacts on food and nutrition. In the long run the smart home appliance industry will reflect the social, technological, and demographic forces around food without losing the authenticity of food traditionally prepared in the kitchen. This paper investigates the capability of an innovation ecosystem to co-create a new consumer-driven breakfast concept.

Methods: Three smart cooking technology providers (3D food printing, digital sous-vide cooking and instant dough baking), one ingredient supplier, and a top-tier food research and innovation centre shared resources to carry out common tasks such as market research, product development, and consumer taste tests. Consumers were segmented into four types of households (single, young families, consolidated families, and senior). An online community (40 participants), nine focus groups, two interviews with eight experts, and one quantitative study with 2055 cases were carried out in Spain, UK, and Germany. The findings provided both theoretical and practical insights into the perception of the three smart cooking devices per type of household and per country. A combination of technologies was used to develop the new breakfast concept for the target group and country with the most positive perception.

Results: A customized, fresh, tasty, nutritious, and healthy 3D printed breakfast bar was developed for senior consumers in Spain. Sensory analysis and acceptability were tested with 80 senior consumers aged between 45 and 75 years and divided in two groups: 46-60 years (mature), and 61-75 (senior). Around 56% of consumers increased their acceptance of the new breakfast bar after being informed about the technological, nutritional, and convenient benefits of the new breakfast concept.

Conclusions: A strategic collaborative innovation method was implemented to show how innovation ecosystems can encourage productive entrepreneurship, and help start-ups define and identify their target customer segments.
Enabling Internet of Things through Sensor Cloud: A Review
Authors: Verma Jyotsna
Published: December 2021

With the inception of the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless technology found a new outlook where the physical objects can interact with each other and can sense the environment. The IoT has found its way in the real world and has connected billions of devices throughout the world. However, its limitations, such as limited processing capability, storage capability, security and privacy issues, and energy constraints prevent the IoT system to be properly utilized by the real-world applications. Hence, the integration of IoT with various emerging technologies like big data, software defined networks, machine learning, fog computing, sensor cloud, etc., will make the IoT system a more powerful technology. The sensor cloud provides an open, secure, flexible, large storage and a computational capable infrastructure which makes the ensemble architecture of IoT and sensor cloud more efficient. An extensive review of the IoT system enabled sensor cloud is presented in the paper, and with this context, the paper attempts to summarize the sensor cloud infrastructure along with its challenges. In addition, the paper presents the possible integrated architecture of the IoT and the sensor cloud which enables the network to be properly utilized. Further, the importance of integrating these two promising technologies and research challenges associated with it is also identified. Finally, the paper analyses and discusses the motivation behind the ensemble system along with future research direction.
A Comparison of Two Mixed-Integer Linear Programs for Piecewise Linear Function Fitting
Authors: Warwicker John Alasdair , Rebennack Steffen
Published: December 2021

The problem of fitting continuous piecewise linear (PWL) functions to discrete data has applications in pattern recognition and engineering, amongst many other fields. To find an optimal PWL function, the positioning of the breakpoints connecting adjacent linear segments must not be constrained and should be allowed to be placed freely. Although the univariate PWL fitting problem has often been approached from a global optimisation perspective, recently, two mixed-integer linear programming approaches have been presented that solve for optimal PWL functions. In this paper, we compare the two approaches: the first was presented by Rebennack and Krasko [Rebennack S, Krasko V (2020) Piecewise linear function fitting via mixed-integer linear programming. INFORMS J. Comput. 32(2):507–530] and the second by Kong and Maravelias [Kong L, Maravelias CT (2020) On the derivation of continuous piecewise linear approximating functions. INFORMS J. Comput. 32(3):531–546]. Both formulations are similar in that they use binary variables and logical implications modelled by big-[Formula: see text] constructs to ensure the continuity of the PWL function, yet the former model uses fewer binary variables. We present experimental results comparing the time taken to find optimal PWL functions with differing numbers of breakpoints across 10 data sets for three different objective functions. Although neither of the two formulations is superior on all data sets, the presented computational results suggest that the formulation presented by Rebennack and Krasko is faster. This might be explained by the fact that it contains fewer complicating binary variables and sparser constraints.

Summary of Contribution: This paper presents a comparison of the mixed-integer linear programming models presented in two recent studies published in the INFORMS Journal on Computing. Because of the similarity of the formulations of the two models, it is not clear which one is preferable. We present a detailed comparison of the two formulations, including a series of comparative experimental results across 10 data sets that appeared across both papers. We hope that our results will allow readers to take an objective view as to which implementation they should use.
How Do Recommender Systems Lead to Consumer Purchases? A Causal Mediation Analysis of a Field Experiment
Authors: Li Xitong , Grahl Jörn , Hinz Oliver
Published: December 2021

The findings underscore the important role of consumers’ consideration sets in mediating the positive effects of recommender systems on consumer purchases. Practical strategies can be developed to facilitate the formation of the consideration sets. For example, to reduce consumers’ search costs and cognitive efforts, online retailers can display the recommended products in a descending order according to the predicted closeness of consumers’ preferences. Online retailers can further indicate the predicted closeness scores of consumers’ preferences for the recommended products. Given such a placement arrangement, consumers can quickly screen the recommended products and add the most relevant alternatives to their consideration sets, which should facilitate consumers’ shopping process and increase the shopping satisfaction. The findings also suggest that a larger consideration set due to the use of recommender systems could induce consumers to buy. Yet, it is difficult for consumers to manage many alternatives when the consideration set is very large. To facilitate consumers’ shopping process, online retailers need to consider strategies and tools that help consumers manage the alternatives in the consideration set in a better-organized manner and facilitate the comparison across the alternatives.
Dynamic Pricing and Inventory Control with Fixed Ordering Cost and Incomplete Demand Information
Authors: Chen Boxiao , Simchi-Levi David , Wang Yining , Zhou Yuan
Published: December 2021

We consider the periodic review dynamic pricing and inventory control problem with fixed ordering cost. Demand is random and price dependent, and unsatisfied demand is backlogged. With complete demand information, the celebrated [Formula: see text] policy is proved to be optimal, where s and S are the reorder point and order-up-to level for ordering strategy, and [Formula: see text], a function of on-hand inventory level, characterizes the pricing strategy. In this paper, we consider incomplete demand information and develop online learning algorithms whose average profit approaches that of the optimal [Formula: see text] with a tight [Formula: see text] regret rate. A number of salient features differentiate our work from the existing online learning researches in the operations management (OM) literature. First, computing the optimal [Formula: see text] policy requires solving a dynamic programming (DP) over multiple periods involving unknown quantities, which is different from the majority of learning problems in OM that only require solving single-period optimization questions. It is hence challenging to establish stability results through DP recursions, which we accomplish by proving uniform convergence of the profit-to-go function. The necessity of analyzing action-dependent state transition over multiple periods resembles the reinforcement learning question, considerably more difficult than existing bandit learning algorithms. Second, the pricing function [Formula: see text] is of infinite dimension, and approaching it is much more challenging than approaching a finite number of parameters as seen in existing researches. The demand-price relationship is estimated based on upper confidence bound, but the confidence interval cannot be explicitly calculated due to the complexity of the DP recursion. Finally, because of the multiperiod nature of [Formula: see text] policies the actual distribution of the randomness in demand plays an important role in determining the optimal pricing strategy [Formula: see text], which is unknown to the learner a priori. In this paper, the demand randomness is approximated by an empirical distribution constructed using dependent samples, and a novel Wasserstein metric-based argument is employed to prove convergence of the empirical distribution.

This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, big data analytics.
Large Fork-Join Queues with Nearly Deterministic Arrival and Service Times
Authors: Schol Dennis , Vlasiou Maria , Zwart Bert
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we study an N server fork-join queue with nearly deterministic arrival and service times. Specifically, we present a fluid limit for the maximum queue length as [Formula: see text]. This fluid limit depends on the initial number of tasks. In order to prove these results, we develop extreme value theory and diffusion approximations for the queue lengths.
“Making Out” While Driving: Relational and Efficiency Games in the Gig Economy
Authors: Cameron Lindsey D.
Published: December 2021

On-demand or “gig” workers show up to a workplace without walls, organizational routines, managers, or even coworkers. Without traditional organizational scaffolds, how do individuals make meaning of their work in a way that fosters engagement? Prior literature suggests that organizational practices, such as recruitment and socialization, foster group belonging and meaningfulness, which subsequently leads to engagement, and that without these practices alienation and attrition ensue. My four-year qualitative study of workers in the largest sector in the on-demand economy (ridehailing) suggests an alternative and more readily available mechanism of engagement—workplace games. Through interactions with touchpoints—in this context, the customer and the app—individuals turn their work into games they find meaningful, can control, and “win.” In the relational game, workers craft positive customer service encounters, offering gifts and extra services, in the pursuit of high customer ratings, which they track through the app’s rating system. In the efficiency game, workers set boundaries with customers, minimizing any “extra” behavior, in the pursuit of maximizing money per time spent driving and they create their own tracking tools outside the app. Whereas each game resulted in engagement—as workers were trying to “win”—games were associated with two divergent stances or relationships toward the work, with contrasting implications for retention. My findings embed meaning-making in what is fast-becoming the normal workplace, largely solitary and structured by emerging technologies, and holds insights for explaining why people remain engaged in a line of work typically deemed exploitative.
Academic Advisors in Australian Higher Education: Perceptions, Role Identities, and Recommendations
Authors: Dollinger Mollie , Vanderlelie Jessica , Eaton Rebecca , Sealey Suzanne
Published: December 2021

Previous research has evidenced the importance of student and staff interactions as critical functions to support student success at university. Increasingly, academic advising units support these interactions. However, while common throughout North American contexts, little is known about the implementation of such units internationally. In this paper, we use a case study methodology to discuss the introduction of an academic advising team at an Australian university to explore how staff adjusted to these new roles and their reflections on how others perceived them. We use reflective diaries submitted by the advisors (n = 11) to analyze how their role identities formed over time and suggested recommendations for supporting teams in the future.
A Dimensão Externa dos Regionalismos para Além do Comércio: A Experiência do Mercosul l La Dimensión Externa de los Regionalismos más Allá del Comércio: La Experiencia del Mercosur
Authors: Pessoa Luan Olliveira
Published: December 2021

Em 2019, a conclusão das negociações comerciais do acordo entre Mercosul e UE, marcante na dimensão externa do Mercosul, foi noticiada como fim do isolamento do mesmo. Se antes estava isolado e, assim, não havia interações com o exterior, então somente negociações e tratados comerciais podem constituir a dimensão externa dos regionalismos e, especificamente, a do Mercosul? Tal indagação remete a temas menos estudados relativamente na literatura especializada em regionalismo. Com tal relevância, a pesquisa apresentada neste artigo revisou criticamente a literatura mirando a indagação, contemplando aspectos teóricos sobre a dimensão externa e apontamentos históricos relativos ao Mercosul. Assim, alcança uma compreensão ampla de que a dimensão externa dos regionalismos pode abranger, considerando identidade regional, difusão institucional, conexão entre o regional e o global, engajamento das regiões com o resto do mundo. E, nessa abrangência, concebe as relações externas do Mercosul como diversas e bem demasiadamente anteriores a 2019.Palavras-chave: Dimensão Externa; Mercosul; Regionalismo.RESUMENEn 2019, la conclusión de las negociaciones comerciales del acuerdo entre Mercosur y la UE, hito en la dimensión externa del Mercosur, se notició como el fin del aislamiento del mismo. Si antes estaba aislado y, así, no había interacción con el exterior, por lo tanto, ¿sólo pueden negociaciones y tratados comerciales constituir la dimensión externa de los regionalismos y, específicamente, la del Mercosur? Tal indagación se refiere a temas menos estudiados relativamente en la literatura especializada en regionalismo. Con tal relevancia, la investigación presentada en este artículo revisó críticamente la literatura mirando la indagación, contemplando aspectos teóricos acerca de la dimensión externa y apuntamientos históricos relativos al Mercosur. Así, logra una comprensión amplia de lo que la dimensión externa de los regionalismos puede abarcar, teniendo en cuenta identidad regional, difusión institucional, conexión entre lo regional y lo global, envolvimiento de las regiones con el resto del mundo. Y, en ese ámbito, concibe las relaciones externas del Mercosur como diversas y demasiado anteriores a 2019.Palabras Clave: Dimensión Externa; Mercosur; Regionalismo. Recebido em: 02/04/2021 | Aceito em: 03/08/2021.
O Período Hegemônico da Década de 1990 e suas Instituições Internacionais: O Caso do Tribunal Penal Internacional l The Hegemonic Period of 1990’s and Its International Institutions: The Case of International Criminal Court
Authors: Felix Hugo
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo questionar o enquadramento genérico dado ao Tribunal Penal Internacional como instituição de governança democrática liberal imposta pela hegemonia estadunidense na década de 1990, utilizando os parâmetros conceituais da Teoria Crítica estabelecida por Robert Cox. São levantados três aspectos: os Estados Unidos não aderiram ao Tribunal; a jurisdição do Tribunal foi concebida majoritariamente por países em desenvolvimento; e grande parte de mandados do TPI são expedidos para o continente africano. Para avaliar essa situação, o artigo se dividirá em duas partes. A primeira consiste na apresentação da abordagem teórica e no enquadramento dos Estados Unidos como ator hegemônico do período a partir dos conceitos de Cox. A segunda apresentará uma análise das negociações para a construção do TPI, assim como das relações dos EUA e dos países africanos com o Tribunal. Por fim, chega-se à conclusão de que que o TPI apresenta caráter peculiar e ambíguo na política internacional.Palavras-chave: Teoria Crítica; Hegemonia; Tribunal Penal Internacional.ABSTRACTThis article aims to question the generic framework given to the International Criminal Court as an institution of liberal democratic governance imposed by American hegemony in the 1990s, using the conceptual parameters of the Critical Theory established by Robert Cox. Three aspects are brought to the debate: the United States did not adhere to the Tribunal; the jurisdiction of the Court was conceived mainly by developing countries; and a large number of ICC warrants are sent to the African continent. To assess this situation, the article will be divided in two parts. The first one consists of presenting the theoretical approach and also focused on framing the United States as a hegemonic actor of the period based on Cox's concepts. The second part will present an analysis of the negotiations to the construction of the ICC, as well as the relations of the US and African countries with the Court. Finally, it is concluded that the ICC is in a peculiar situation and ambiguous in international politics.Keywords: Critical Theory; Hegemony; International Criminal Court. Recebido em: 10/04/2021 | Aceito em: 17/08/2021.
O CRITÉRIO PLAUMANN E A (NÃO) COEXISTÊNCIA COM O PRINCÍPIO DA EFETIVA TUTELA JURISDICIONAL
Authors: Bovo Paula Ferreira , Ayub da Costa Patrícia
Published: December 2021

O instrumento para anular os atos das instituições europeias é o chamado recurso de anulação. Segundo o Tratado de Funcionamento da União Europeia, os particulares, para terem legitimidade, devem demonstrar que são afetados direta e individualmente pelo ato. Essa expressão foi trazida pelo Tratado, mas não foi definida. O Tribunal de Justiça definiu o que entende por afetação direta e individual, tendo-o feito no caso Plaumann. O trabalho analisa se esse critério de legitimidade posto pelo Tribunal coaduna com o princípio da tutela jurisdicional efetiva, bem como se existem outras alternativas, que cumpram o mesmo papel, à disposição dos particulares.
DECISÃO JUDICIAL E ARGUMENTAÇÃO: LIMITES DA FUNDAMENTAÇÃO SOB UMA OBSERVAÇÃO SISTÊMICA
Authors: KREPSKY GISELLE MARIE , DIAS FELICIANO ALCIDES , DE SÁ PRISCILA ZENI
Published: December 2021

Este artigo trata do dever de fundamentação das decisões judiciais e o papel da argumentação incrementado com o Código de Processo Civil brasileiro de 2015. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida considerando-se fundamento e argumento como método de controle constitucional das decisões. Sob a luz da teoria sistêmica de Niklas Luhmann e suas releituras contemporâneas o objetivo foi analisar a abertura e os limites do julgador ao decidir. Por meio do método indutivo e técnica bibliográfica, concluiu-se que o atual código impõe vinculação da decisão judicial ao caso concreto e exige fundamentação que indique de forma sofisticada tanto a repetição quanto a inovação do Direito por meio da argumentação jurídica. Apesar das limitações operacionais impostas ao Sistema do Direito voltadas para a segurança jurídica, há margem para construção da decisão judicial no exato limite da validade da fundamentação e da observância da garantia constitucional preconizada no artigo 93, IX da Constituição Federal.
OS GRANDES ACIDENTES DE CONSUMO E A CUSTOMIZAÇÃO DAS SOLUÇÕES CONSENSUAIS PARA OS CONFLITOS
Authors: Tostes Eduardo Chow de Martino , Schenk Leonardo Faria
Published: December 2021

O estudo apresenta a experiência do Núcleo de Defesa do Consumidor da Defensoria Pública do Estado no Rio de Janeiro na busca de soluções customizadas para os conflitos resultantes dos grandes acidentes de consumo ocorridos no último lustro, com a participação das empresas responsáveis e em colaboração com diversos atores públicos e privados, que prestigia a construção de uma solução consensual a partir da identificação das reais necessidades das pessoas afetadas. Como se verá, as diretrizes observadas na construção da melhor solução consensual conferem ampla legitimidade ao método e asseguram a entrega de uma resposta rápida e efetiva para as vítimas.
DESJUDICIALIZAÇÃO E ACESSO À JUSTIÇA ALÉM DOS TRIBUNAIS: PELA CONCEPÇÃO DE UM DEVIDO PROCESSO LEGAL EXTRAJUDICIAL
Authors: Hill Flávia Pereira
Published: December 2021

O artigo almeja analisar criticamente o fenômeno da desjudicialização da solução dos conflitos no Brasil, afirmando a importância de se cunhar a noção de devido processo legal extrajudicial. Parte-se da evolução do conceito de acesso à justiça que, nas últimas décadas, deixou de ser vista como sinônimo de acesso ao Poder Judiciário, conforme previsto no artigo 5º, inciso XXXV, da Constituição Federal de 1988, para abarcar a noção de Justiça Multiportas, preconizada no artigo 3º, do Código de Processo Civil de 2015, e que mediante o compartilhamento do exercício da jurisdição entre diferentes núcleos decisórios. Entende-se que a desjudicialização deve resguardar as garantias fundamentais do processo, não importando em retrocesso garantístico. Para tanto, faz-se necessário cunhar a noção de devido processo legal extrajudicial, composto pelos seguintes elementos mínimos, que são abordados no texto: a) imparcialidade e independência; b) controle externo; c) publicidade; d) previsibilidade do procedimento; e) contraditório.
RECONFIGURAÇÃO DO RECURSO ESPECIAL: UMA MUDANÇA IMPRESCINDÍVEL E INADIÁVEL
Authors: Resende Leal Fabio
Published: December 2021

Este artigo analisa dados estatísticos do Superior Tribunal de Justiça e o conteúdo do artigo 105, inciso III, da Constituição. O primeiro objetivo é comprovar o acerto da afirmação segundo a qual o STJ padece dos males incuráveis decorrentes de um gigantesco acervo processual. O segundo objetivo é demonstrar que as atuais regras de admissibilidade do recurso especial contribuem para o crescimento desse acervo. Por derradeiro, o terceiro e principal objetivo é propor, como conclusão, alterações textuais a serem feitas na Constituição, para otimizar e objetivar a jurisdição que o STJ pratica ao conhecer e julgar dos recursos especiais.
A APLICAÇÃO DA LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS NAS CÂMARAS DE MEDIAÇÃO DE CONFLITOS
Authors: Bragança Fernanda , Loss de Andrade Juliana , Dyma Maria Fernanda
Published: December 2021

A Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados impacta nos procedimentos de mediação tanto do lado das Câmaras de solução de conflitos quanto das empresas, uma vez que estas também precisam fazer um planejamento e adequação para eventual envio ou compartilhamento de dados tendo em vista o tratamento de uma disputa. Nesse sentido, o artigo visa aprofundar sobre as seguintes questões: quais adequações precisam ser feitas pelas Câmaras de mediação para atenderem às exigências da LGPD? E como as empresas devem se planejar para a submissão de uma controvérsia à mediação de acordo com o parâmetro da LGPD? A metodologia de pesquisa consistiu em uma revisão bibliográfica nacional e estrangeira e análise das medidas adotadas no âmbito da Câmara da Fundação Getulio Vargas para uma verificação prática.
Award-winning hepatology abstracts from Australasia
Authors: Sheppard-Law Suzanne , Richmond Jacqui , McQuillan Katherine , Sheils Sinead
Published: December 2021

The Australasian Hepatology Association (AHA) presents the abstracts of three award-winning presentations from the 14th AHA Conference
Stigma and social barriers to accessing timely healthcare for alcohol dependence and misuse: a narrative review
Authors: Houghton Carl , Taylor Ann
Published: December 2021

This narrative review looks at how alcohol misuse can be distinguished from unproblematic alcohol consumption, and it considers the extent of alcohol use in the UK, along with the cost of alcohol, financial and otherwise, to individuals and wider society. It focuses on the perceived public stigma and personal stigma associated with alcohol misuse and dependence and how this can discourage people from seeking help from healthcare services. This includes the negative impact of stigmatising language in reinforcing stereotypes and creating expectations. The article explores alcohol-related readmissions and the emotional consequences of ‘revolving-door syndrome’ for patients and professionals. Recommendations are made for hospital screening for risky lifestyle factors, as well as professional education on alcohol screening and interventions. The article concludes with recommendations for further study, to not lose sight of the patient and to destigmatise language to break down barriers to treatment access.
The Effects of Mathematical Modelling in Mathematics Teaching of Linear, Quadratic and Logarithmic Functions
Authors: Bikić Naida , Burgić Dževad , Kurtić Vehid
Published: December 2021

This study aims to acquaint high school students with the process of modelling in mathematics teaching. The research lasted 5 weeks with a group of (N=36) high school students of Zenica-Doboj Canton (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Students had an opportunity to learn about functions and their properties, and subsequently about mathematical modelling with linear, quadratic, and logarithmic functions. Examples in the research were related to real-world phenomena and processes. The problems were composed of the following subtasks: creating or testing a model, explaining the results, finding the domain and range, and critical thinking about the model. The research identifies the importance of mathematical modelling in teaching. The results display a positive impact of such an approach on students, their thinking, attitude towards teaching, understanding of the materials, motivation and examination scores. The experiences that both students and teachers may have in a mathematical modelling framework could be extremely important for the academic success. A control group of 36 students took the final exam as well. The students of the experimental group got much better results than the students of the control group. Indeed, learning through mathematical modelling has been shown to contribute to all the aspects of students' expected development.
Exploring Zimbabwean A-Level Mathematics Learners’ Understanding of the Determinant Concept
Authors: Chagwiza Conilius , Mutambara Lillias Hamufari Natsai , Sunzuma Gladys
Published: December 2021

Learners bring prior knowledge to their learning environments. This prior knowledge is said to have an effect on how they encode and later retrieve new information learned. This research aimed at exploring ‘A’ level mathematics learners’ understanding of the determinant concept of 3×3 matrices. A problem-solving approach was used to determine learners' conceptions and errors made in calculating the determinant. To identify the conceptions; a paper and pencil test, learner interviews, and learner questionnaires were used. Ten learners participated in the research and purposive sampling was used to select learners who are doing the syllabus 6042/2 Zimbabwe School Examination Council (ZIMSEC). Data was analyzed qualitatively through an analysis of each learners' problem-solving performance where common themes were identified amongst the learners’ work. Results from the themes showed that Advanced level learners faced some challenges in calculating the determinant of 3×3 matrices. Learners were having challenges with the place signs used in 3×3 matrices, especially when using the method of cofactors. The findings reveal that learners had low levels of engagement with the concepts and the abstract nature of the concepts was the major source of these challenges. The study recommends that; teachers should engage learners for lifelong learning and apply some mathematical definitions in real-world problems. Teachers should address the issues raised in this research during the teaching and learning process. In addition, teachers should engage learners more through seminars where learners get to mingle with others from other schools.
Evaluation of Low-Grade Yellow-Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) as Raw Material for Cross-Laminated Timber Panel Production
Authors: da Rosa Azambuja Rafael , DeVallance David B. , McNeel Joseph
Published: December 2021

Utilization of low-grade yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) lumber would provide for alternative structural lumber sources and promote the growth of cross-laminated timber (CLT) manufacturing facilities within the Appalachian Region. A significant amount of low-grade yellow-poplar lumber (i.e., National Hardwood Lumber Association [NHLA] No. 2A and Below Grade) is utilized for wood pallets. In practice, this material is not graded for structural purposes. Additionally, research on yellow-poplar for structural use has focused on grading lumber from a small population of selected logs, not by regrading NHLA lumber from manufacturing facilities. Therefore, the research's objective was to investigate the structural grades of a typical population of NHLA graded No. 2 and lower lumber and evaluate their potential to meet structural grades necessary for CLT panels. NHLA graded lumber was regraded and assigned to visual structural grades following Northeastern Lumber Manufacturers Association rules and evaluated for flatwise bending modulus of elasticity (MOEb) by nondestructive proof loading. The results of the study indicated that 54.6 percent of the boards possessed a minimal structural visual grade required for CLT panels according to American National Standards Institutes/The Engineered Wood Association (ANSI/APA) PRG 320-2019 (2020). Splits were the most common limiting defect that downgraded boards to nonstructural grades. Also, 96.6 percent of the boards evaluated had a MOEb above the required minimal board value of 1.2 ×106 psi (8,274 MPa) listed in ANSI/APA PRG 320-2019 (2020). The results of the study indicated that a majority of NHLA low-grade yellow-poplar, when regraded for structural purposes, meets or exceeds minimum lumber grade values necessary for use in CLT panel production.
Constituting Socialism for the Twenty-First Century: Examining Cuba's 2019 Constitution
Authors: Ginsburg Mark
Published: December 2021

This article summarises the results of a qualitative content analysis of the 2019 Cuban Constitution, approved in a national referendum on 24 February 2019, and compares Cuba's constitutionally identified structures and processes with those highlighted as core characteristics of what has been termed twenty-first-century socialism. The article draws mainly on the work of Marta Harnecker (2010 and 2015), who includes the following features of twenty-first-century socialism: a) promoting participative democracy; b) creating the political instrument needed to lead the transition; c) instituting social ownership of the means of production; d) organising the economy toward satisfying human needs; e) having a decentralised (but aggregating) planned economy (including establishing worker-organised production as well as conceiving of efficiency as respect for nature and investment in full human development); f) incorporating material and moral incentives; g) educating for full human development and cultural transformation; and h) building regional (and international) integration. Cuba's 2019 Constitution overall measures up well with respect to these characteristics. The article concludes that Cuba's 2019 Constitution identifies structures and processes that are in line with the characteristics of twenty-first-century socialism. There is also evidence that Cuba represents a “unique model” (Burbach et al. 2013a), one that has been evolving since the 1959 Revolution, including during the Special Period of the 1990s and during the decade prior to the 2019 Constitution being approved, and one that has developed in the context of the US blockade and other hostile actions.
“To Taste Something New, First Empty Your Cup”: Bartleby Politics, Anti-Colonial Resistance and State Violence
Authors: Bryar Timothy , Lasslett Kristian
Published: December 2021

This paper brings together Žižek's Bartleby politics with the praxis of organic intellectuals emerging out of the “Bougainville crisis”, in order to generate a new vantage point for theorizing anti-colonial resistance to state violence. Bartleby politics, it is argued, conceptualizes how socio-symbolic orders naturalize their existence, and the strategies required to disrupt this completeness of power, so we can begin again. Applying this approach, it is argued during colonization metropolitan powers shatter the permanency of indigenous socio-symbolic orders, by situating them within a wider (contrived) teleological historical sequence. However, the metropolitan power's capacity to manage this risky enterprise—where the possibility of possibility emerges—is shaped by anti-colonial resistance. This resistance can shift a teleological moment to a contingent moment, where multiple vectors of history are opened up by the colonized “subjects,” that go beyond the set sequence offered by the colonial power. One of the most radical forms of violence colonized “subjects” can inflict on the colonial powers during this open historical moment, it is argued, is refusal. Refusal, that is to negotiate the terms and conditions of incorporation into Empire, and instead unilaterally setting a different historical course. The violence refusal inflicts on Empire, and the greater violence Empire inflicts back, will be examined through the case study of the Bougainville war.
The Normalization of Pushbacks in Greece: Biopolitics and Racist State Crime
Authors: Koros Dimitris
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses pushback operations in Greece as a generalized anti-immigration policy that involves practices constituting racist state crime. Beginning from a description of the illegal operations on the Greek/Turkish borders, this paper examines the constant denial tactics of the government and the response of national, regional and international organizations and institutions. It is shown that pushbacks have become a standardized frontline tool of border management. This phenomenon is approached from a criminological viewpoint in terms of racist state crime and as a racist biopolitical technology of power for the government of the migrant populations, and for the defence of society and national identity. Showing that pushbacks are a becoming a central border policy in Europe, the paper concludes with a discussion of the need for both legal and non-legal counter-strategies.
A Genealogy of State Crime in International Law: Contrasting Criminological Perspectives
Authors: Umaña Camilo
Published: December 2021

In international public law, the concept of state crime has been extensively debated. For some international law commentators “[t]he concept of state responsibility for international crimes is juridically feasible and may be analyzed in terms of a criminal organization model or a corporate crime model” (Jørgensen 2000: 280); to others, “[t]he criminal state is juridically speaking a nonsense . . . The punishability of the state is both a legal and a practical impossibility.” (Drost 1959: 304). Although currently common legal understanding represents this notion as alien to the legal tradition, this term has a relevant place in the historical debates and development of international law. This paper discusses international law developments in contrast to criminological reflections relating to state crime, drawing attention to possible cross-references between these disciplines.
Creative processes in co-designing a co-design hub: towards system change in health and social services in collaboration with structurally vulnerable populations
Authors: Micsinszki Samantha K. , Buettgen Alexis , Mulvale Gillian , Moll Sandra , Wyndham-West Michelle , Bruce Emma , Rogerson Karlie , Murray-Leung Louise , Fleisig Robert , Park Sean , Phoenix Michelle
Published: December 2021

Background:

Co-design is an approach to engaging stakeholders in health and social system change that is rapidly gaining traction, yet there are also questions about the extent to which there is meaningful engagement of structurally vulnerable communities and whether co-design leads to lasting system change. The McMaster University Co-Design Hub with Vulnerable Populations Hub (‘the Hub’) is a three-year interdisciplinary project with the goal of facilitating partnerships, advancing methods of co-design with vulnerable populations, and mobilising knowledge.

Aims and objectives:

A developmental evaluation approach inspired by experience-based co-design was used to co-produce a theory of change to understand how the co-design process could be used to creatively co-design a co-design hub with structurally vulnerable populations.

Methods:

Twelve community stakeholders with experience participating in a co-design project were invited to participate in two online visioning events to co-develop the goals, priorities, and objectives of the Hub. Qualitative data were analysed using a thematic content analysis approach.

Findings:

A theory of change framework was co-developed that outlines a future vision for the Hub and strategies to achieve this, and a visual graphic is presented.

Discussion and conclusions:

Through critical reflection on the work of the Hub, we focus on the co-creative methods that were applied when co-designing the Hub’s theory of change. Moreover, we illustrate how co-creative processes can be applied to embrace the complexity and vulnerability of all stakeholders and plan for system change with structurally vulnerable populations.
Sampling-based imaging model for fast source and mask optimization in immersion lithography
Authors: Sun Yiyu , Li Yanqiu , Liao Guanghui , Yuan Miao , Wei Pengzhi , Li Yaning , Zou Lulu , Liu Lihui
Published: December 2021

Current source and mask optimization (SMO) research tends to focus on advanced inverse optimization algorithms to accelerate SMO procedures. However, innovations of forward imaging models currently attract little attention, which impacts computational efficiency more significantly. A sampling-based imaging model is established with the innovation of an inverse point spread function to reduce computational dimensions, which can provide an advanced framework for fast inverse lithography. Simulations show that the proposed SMO method with the help of the proposed model can further speed up the algorithm-accelerated SMO procedure by a factor of 3.