bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of sleep quality and physical activity measured by a Fitbit and self-rated questionnaire on the health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jeong Mi Ui , Ha Yeongmi
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify influencing factors on health-related quality of life by examining relationships among sleep quality, physical activity, and health-related quality of life in older adults living in the community using a Fitbit and self-rated questionnaire. Methods: The participants were adults aged 65 years and above who were recruited from one senior university and three senior citizen centers. A total of 106 participants were included in the analysis. The data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and multiple regression analysis. Results: According to multiple regression analysis regarding objectively measured sleep quality and physical activity using a Fitbit, the factors affecting the health-related quality of life were age (β=-.30, p=.006), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.33, p=.001), and subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.41, p=.001). In terms of using a self-rated questionnaire, the factors affecting health-related quality of life were age (β=-.27, p=.010), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.32, p=.001), subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.37, p=.001), and physical activity (β=.18, p=.030). Conclusion: Although the findings may not be generalizable to community-dwelling older adults due to our convenience samples, this study suggests that customized physical activity programs are required to improve health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults of different age groups.
Prevalence and risk factors of delirium of older adults after cardiac surgery at the intensive care unit: A retrospective study
Authors: Ryu Jeong-Ok , Son Hong Gwi-Ryung
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence and risk factors of delirium of older adults after cardiac surgery at the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: A retrospective descriptive correlational study design was used. Among 675 older adults who admitted to ICU after cardiac surgery in a tertiary hospital from May 2021 to April 2022, 528 were selected for data analysis. Data were collected through electronic medical records. Delirium and pain intensity were evaluated using the Confusion Assessment Method-Intensive Care Unit and Critical Care Non-verbal Pain Scale, respectively. Results: The incidence rate of delirium was 41.3% (n=218). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the variables identified that ICU length of stay (odds ratio [OR]=1.77, p<.001), anesthesia time (OR=1.21, p=.016), pain intensity (OR=1.14, p=.044), and age (OR=1.07, p=.002) were identified as risk factors of delirium after cardiac surgery. Conclusion: ICU length of stay, anesthesia time, pain score, and advanced age should be considered as the prevention and management of delirium at the intensive care unit of older adults after cardiac surgery.
Language as a Tool of Divisive Politics: Perspectives on Foreign Nationals in South Africa
Authors: Agbor Avitus
Published: February 2024

The role of language in a diverse and democratic society is critical for many reasons: first, it serves as a vital tool for the realisation of the right to freedom of expression. Secondly, it brings into confluence two other rights: the rights to dignity and equality. When language has the potential to cause hurt or harm, or incite others towards hatred, discrimination, or violence, then law as an instrument must be relied upon to regulate it. Political rhetoric uttered by top politicians in South Africa does not reflect the truth from a policy perspective; it incites hatred towards foreign nationals, shatters communities as fear and suspicion fill individuals who target foreign nationals and is counterproductive when one thinks of nation-building. The rhetoric exceeds the limits of legally protected speech. In addition, scapegoating foreign nationals for the country's socio-economic woes is not only dishonest but is a form of political corruption.
Investigation of the Earthquake Content in Social Studies Coursebooks within the Scope of Middle School Students' Views
Authors: BAYRAM Hüseyin
Published: February 2024

Earthquake is one of the issues of social studies education within the scope of being a phenomenon affecting social life. As a matter of fact, social studies is a course that deals with all the elements related to social life. Earthquake, which is an issue of social studies, should then be taught comprehensively due to its impact on individual and social life. For this very reason, the content related to earthquake in social studies coursebooks should be both adequate and appropriate for the particular levels. The aim of this study was to examine the content on earthquake in social studies coursebooks within the scope of the views of middle school students. The views of the students in 11 provinces affected by the earthquakes that took place in Kahramanmaraş province of Türkiye on February 6, 2023 were consulted. A basic qualitative design was used in the study. Maximum diversity and criterion sampling techniques were used to determine the participant group. A semi-structured interview form was resorted to with a view to collecting the data. Content analysis was utilized to analyze the data. In the study, it was determined that the students perceive earthquake as a disruptive phenomenon, that the students thought social studies course had an important role in teaching the concept of earthquake, that the students found social studies coursebooks insufficient on the elaboration of earthquake topic and thought that the books should be redesigned accordingly. Depending on the results, recommendations for researchers and education planners were made.
The Influence of Physical Education Over A Semester on the Psycho-Physical Development in Elementary School Students
Authors: Milenković Dejan , Radonjić Jasmina , Nikić Nataša , Zubić Ivana
Published: February 2024

Study purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the physical education program over a semester on physical fitness, sport-specific skills (football and basketball) and the quality of life in elementary school students (7th and 8th grade).
Materials and methods. 128 students (64 boys and 64 girls) from three elementary schools, aged 13‒14, participated in the study. A battery of five diagnostic tests was used to assess physical fitness: Modified Agility “T” test, Illinois Agility Run Test, 10x5 Shuttle Run Test, Standing Balance Test and 2-Minute Step in Place Test. Training polygons with elements of sports were used to assess football and basketball skills. Determining the level of quality of life was carried out with a pediatric quality of life questionnaire (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory TM – PedsQL).
Results. The study found statistically significant improvements in the results of most physical fitness tests in all team sports on training polygons, as well as in the level of quality of life for both boys and girls in both grades.
Conclusion. It can be concluded that the physical education program was well organized and implemented and thus had a positive effect on improving the psycho-physical status of students.
Physical Activity Training Methods to Improve the Physical Condition of Volleyball Players: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jariono Gatot , Nurhidayat  , Indarto Pungki , Sistiasih Vera Septi , Nugroho Haris , Maslikah Uzizatun
Published: February 2024

Study purpose. The study was aimed to identify exercise techniques used to improve the physical condition of volleyball players through literature studies.
Materials and methods. A systematic review of these previous studies was conducted. We studied articles published between 2014 and 2023 that explained how to prepare volleyball players to have better physical condition. Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed were used for the electronic search. We collected all the articles that discussed how to improve physical performance through exercise.
Results. To improve the physical condition of volleyball players, 50 publications used exercise techniques, which were categorized based on the physical condition that was evaluated and repaired. The following techniques are some of the ones that can be used: Neuromuscular, unilateral and bilateral, ballistic, plyometric exercises, combined weight and plyometric, mixed training with optimal load, COD & plyometric complex, strength, combined strength, eccentric trainings, repetitive sprint, resistant/non-resistant sprint, resistance training, exercises with elastic band, core training, combined core training; small-sided games training, aerobic interval training, blood flow restriction, intermittent training, and anaerobic speed endurance.
Conclusions. Following a thorough analysis, a number of training regimens were found to be effective in enhancing volleyball players’ physical attributes, including muscular strength, aerobic and anaerobic endurance, speed and acceleration, explosive power, flexibility, agility, and balance.
Using a Biomechanical Analysis Approach to the Accuracy of Shooting Throws in Petanque Sport: Literature Review
Authors: Helmi Boby , Hidayah Taufiq , Pramono Harry , Hartono Mugiyo , Iskandar Tatang
Published: February 2024

Study Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine how biomechanical analysis can be used in petanque shooting techniques. Materials and methods. This review study followed the PRISMA standards for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Studies had to be published within the previous five years, from January 2019 to July 2023. (1) shooting petanque; (2) biomechanical analysis were the keywords used in the search process. Scopus and the Science and Technology Index (SINTA) were used for study. Results. This review consists of nine studies. In five research articles, motion analysis was considered, which resulted in a discussion of the direction and angle of petanque throw biomechanics. Four research articles deal with the analysis of petanque shooting accuracy, leading to a discussion of angle, direction, arc, and focus. Conclusions. Biomechanical analysis helps to understand intensity, speed, and posture for better bidding, improved performance, and reduced risk of injury, while increasing speed and efficiency, preventing muscle imbalances, and achieving better technical positions in shooting petanque sports.
Brain Neuromodulation Effects on Sport and Nutrition: A Narrative Review
Authors: Limone Pierpaolo , Moscatelli Fiorenzo , Scarinci Alessia , Carotenuto Marco , Messina Antonietta , Monda Marcellino , Dipace Anna , La Marra Marco , Villano Ines , Bassi Paola , Polito Rita , Messina Giovanni
Published: February 2024

Study purpose. At the end of the twentieth century, the development of highly reliable and painless non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation techniques and devices has aroused great scientific and clinical interest in numerous fields. In neuroscience, since the introduction of innovative and non-invasive devices such as the brain stimulator, the investigation of cortical processes and their neural basis has played a fundamental role.
Furthermore, neuroscientists are attracted to therapeutic applications for the treatment of food craving. This narrative review is aimed to explain the growing and constant interest of neuroscientific experimentation in the field of non-invasive transcranial stimulation.
Material and methods. After an introduction explaining the historical evolution of NIBS, we will try to provide an overview of the two stimulation techniques (TMS and tDCS); we will describe the different types of stimulation that can be performed using these techniques, the excitatory/inhibitory effects, and the various mechanisms of action at the level of brain activity.
Results. We will also provide some elucidations regarding the implications of the facilitative/inhibitory effects, and how these stimulation methods can be used to advance knowledge of the neurofunctional organization of the brain.
Conclusion. The results of the study showed the effect of brain neuromodulation on sports and nutrition.
Potential of Polyphenolic Compounds in Rosella Flowers on Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation After Exercise: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ayubi Novadri , Padmasari Dyah Fitria , Syafawi Atika , Mario Deby Tri , Ming Jiang Wen , Aljunaid Mohammed , Pranoto Nuridin Widya , Komaini Anton
Published: February 2024

Study purpose. This study aims to analyze and highlight the potential of rosella flowers in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation after physical activity.
Materials and methods. The study used a systematic review method by searching various journal databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed and Embase. The inclusion criteria in this study were articles published in the last 5 years and articles discussing Rosella Flowers, Oxidative Stress, Free Radicals, Inflammation, and Exercise. The exclusion criteria in this research were articles published in disreputable journals. A total of 357 articles from the Scopus, Web of Science Pubmed and Embase databases were identified. A total of 8 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed for this systematic review. For standard operations, this study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) assessment.
Results. The results of this systematic review research report that the flavonoid content found in rosella flowers has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties which have the potential to reduce oxidative stress and uncontrolled inflammation caused by physical activity and intense exercise.
Conclusions. Rosella flowers show their ability as an anti-oxidative by donating hydrogen atoms to free radicals through phenolic compounds, thus breaking the cycle of ROS formation. The natural active ingredients in rosella flowers are able to reduce MDA and increase GSH which contributes to reducing oxidative stress and decreasing TNF-α which provides an anti-inflammatory effect in athletes after exercise.
Wholemount immunolabeling and stereological quantification of autophagosomes in Arabidopsis thaliana root epidermal cells v1
Authors: Danek Michal , Eliasova Katerina , Kocourková Daniela
Published: February 2024

The workflow enables the quantification of autophagosomes in Arabidopsis thaliana root epidermal cells in 3D. It combines immunolabeling of an autophagosome marker ATG8 with commercially available anti-ATG antibody and the subsequent stereological quantification of the immunolabeled particles. The immunolabeled samples are imaged with a confocal microscope and Z-stacks are acquired. The stereological methods involve counting of the immunolabeled autophagosomes using the optical disector and the determination of volume of the examined tissue with the Cavalieri principle and point counting. The image analysis is performed entirely in Fiji and requires no further special software. The method provides a powerful toolkit for unbiased and reproducible quantification of autophagosomes and offers a convenient alternative to the standard of live imaging with FP-ATG8 markers.
Western blot for tissue extract v1
Authors: Sanchiz Calvo María , not provided eduard.bentea , Baekelandt Veerle
Published: February 2024

Protocol for the detection of proteins by Western blot from tissue extract
Prestasi Perniagaan dalam Kalangan Perniagaan Kecil di Bawah Bimbingan Agensi
Authors: Mohd Sabri Nur Shafiqah , Ishak Suraiya , Che Omar Ahmad Raflis , Abdul Manaf Azima
Published: February 2024

Kerajaan telah memberi banyak inisiatif kepada peniaga kecil supaya dapat meningkatkan prestasi perniagaan. Walaubagaimanapun, prestasi perniagaan peniaga kecil masih kurang menggalakkan di Malaysia. Kita dapat lihat bahawa peniaga kecil selalu cenderung untuk mendapatkan kegagalan di sebab oleh kurang faktor dalaman iaitu prestasi kewangan dan prestasi bukan kewangan. Kajian ini dilaksanakan adalah untuk melihat prestasi perniagaan dalam kalangan perniaga kecil di bawah bimbingan agensi. Terdapat 3 buah agensi yang terlibat dalam kajian ini iaitu agensi Institut Keusahawanan Negara (INSKEN), Perbadanan Perusahaan Kecil dan Sederhana (SME Corp.) dan Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA). Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif iaitu dengan menggunakan soal selidik. Seramai 60 orang responden usahawan kecil yang terdiri daripada 20 responden agensi Insken, 20 responden daripada agensi Sme Corp. dan 20 responden lagi daripada agensi Mara telah menjawab soal selidik ini. Data yang diperolehi dalam kajian ini dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS). Analisis kajian adalah menggunakan analisis deskriptif iaitu purata min dan ANOVA Satu Hala. Kajian mendapati bahawa ketiga-tiga agensi mempunyai signifikan positif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan SME Corp dan INSKEN mempunyai hubungan signifikan yang tinggi dalam prestasi kewangan dan MARA dan SME Corp mempunyai hubungan signifikan paling tinggi dalam prestasi bukan kewangan. Justeru tu, dapat dilihat bahawa prestasi perniagaan kecil mempunyai prestasi yang lebih baik dengan adanya agensi pembimbing berbanding dengan peniaga kecil yang tidak mempunyai bimbingan agensi.
Komponen-komponen Strategik dalam Program Rehabilitasi yang Berkesan untuk Sindrom COVID Berpanjangan: Satu Soroton Literatur Bersistematik
Authors: Oh Alan , Zakaria Siti Marziah , Nen Salina
Published: February 2024

Kepulihan daripada komplikasi kesihatan oleh sebab sindrom COVID berpanjangan adalah satu pergelutan. Pesakit memperolehi manfaat daripada rehabilitasi sebagai sebahagian daripada perjalanan kepulihan mereka. Satu sorotan literatur bersistematik telah dilaksanakan berdasarkan garis panduan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) untuk meneroka reka bentuk program-program rehabilitasi. Daripada 356 artikel yang dikenal pasti, dikecualikan rekod duplikasi dan disaring, 63 artikel memenuhi kriteria kelayakan untuk diterima. Artikel-artikel yang telah diterima ini telah dianalisis dengan pendekatan Grounded Theory klasik. Ketepuan teoritikal tercapai dengan 28 artikel yang diterima ini. Dapatan penting sorotan bersistematik ini adalah komponen-komponen strategik dalam program rehabilitasi yang berkesan untuk sindrom COVID berpanjangan iaitu: (1) penaksiran dan pemantauan, (2) strategi utama dan (2) strategi sokongan. Kombinasi komponen-komponen ini direka bentuk dalam program rehabilitasi untuk memastikan keberkesanan program. Keberkesanan program dicapai apabila hasil-hasil rehabilitasi diperolehi: (1) mengurangkan gejala, (2) membawa kepada penambahbaikan dan (3) mengoptimakan sistem penjagaan pesakit-pesakit ini. Dalam kesimpulan, ia membekalkan tema-tema yang luas untuk diisi, disesuaikan dan diindividukan sesuatu program rehabilitasi semasa program dan pengisiannya direka bentuk untuk pesakit yang sedang mengharungi sindrom COVID berpanjangan.
Navigating Digital Risks and Benefits: Malaysian Parents' Perceptions of Their Children's Digital Media UsageNavigating Digital Risks and Benefits: Malaysian Parents' Perceptions of Their Children's Digital Media Usage
Authors: Mohamed Shafizan , Wan Ghazali Wan Norshira , Mohd. Nasir Nur Shakira
Published: February 2024

In this article, we explore how Malaysian parents view their children's use of digital media. We studied 645 parents from various backgrounds to understand how they navigate the world of digital devices and content. Our research dives into the fine line parents walk between what they see as the risks and the benefits in this digital landscape. What we discovered is that these parents have a pretty nuanced view. They see the positives—like how digital media can boost education, improve communication, and expose their kids to diverse cultures. But at the same time, they worry. They're concerned about things like too much screen time, exposure to inappropriate stuff, and how it might affect their kids' physical activity.Our study found that different things influence how parents see these issues. Factors like how much education parents have, how much they earn, and the ages of their kids play a role in shaping their views. With Malaysia becoming more and more digital, our research aims to help policymakers, teachers, and parents themselves. By getting a handle on what worries and excites parents about digital media, we hope to find ways to make it work better for everyone. Our goal is to figure out how to make the most of the good stuff digital media offers while finding ways to deal with the concerns. Ultimately, we want to create a digital world that's healthier and more balanced for Malaysian kids.
The Different Impacts of Video Production Practices on Filmmakers and Filmed Subjects in the “End-of-Life Care” Documentaries filmed Zhejiang Communication University
Authors: Guanghe Ge , Mohamed Shazleen , Hassim Muhammad Nurhafiz , Wenting Wang
Published: February 2024

Most of the current video production practices are focusing on filming, editing, storytelling or special effects, and the articles on video production also put the emphasis on tourism, business or natural scenery. There are not many video production practices on topics such as hospice, because this topic involves death, illness, patients and their families and other factors, and most of these film subjects are not willing to be shot. This research aims to explore the impact of filming practices on sensitive topics on the producers and the filmed subjects. By selecting the hospice care documentaries produced by Zhejiang Communication University as a case study, this study interviews 8 documentary producers and 8 filmed subjects and researchs the whole filming process through method of participatory observation. This research demonstrates that for hospice documentary filmmakers, going through such a filmmaking journey can be helpful in increasing their level of identification with hospice care, increasing their emotional experience and documentary production skills, and most importantly for their future documentary filmmaking, as they feel the power of humanity. For the subjects, i.e. patients, families, doctors and nurses, end-of-life care documentaries have expanded the dissemination of knowledge to a certain extent, but the impact on the behavioural choices of patients at the moment of death has not been significant, and these behavioural choices are more influenced by non-medical factors which the filmmakers are clearly aware of it. Instead, these filming activities were somewhat of an optional burden on filmed subjects.
Emotion Regulation: An Exploration of Gender Differences among Adolescents in Malaysia
Authors: Yusoff Siti Rashidah , Mohd Hoesni Suzana , Muhammad Noor Azimah
Published: February 2024

The intricate dynamics of gender roles significantly shape emotion regulation (ER) among adolescents, underscoring the importance of understanding these assigned roles in comprehending adolescents' emotional experiences. This study aimed to investigate and analyze in detail the central aspects of disparities between genders in the utilization of ER strategies. The formulation of the hypotheses aimed to predict significant distinctions between boys and girls, particularly in cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES) strategies. A cross-sectional design was employed and implemented in 27 public secondary schools across 12 states in Malaysia. A total of 1,718 adolescents, both boys and girls who did not have any current or prior clinical issues became participants in this study. Using the Malay version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ-CA), the study's findings contradicted the proposed hypotheses. The findings showed no gender disparities in CR and ES. These findings provide valuable insights for parents, caregivers, teachers, and adolescents, offering a nuanced understanding of ER during the critical stages of adolescence. The implications of ER across genders may guide the development of targeted interventions to address potential gender disparities and mitigate the risk of psychopathological issues.
Pandangan Pengundi terhadap Slogan “Malaysia Madani” dalam Pilihan Raya Negeri 2023
Authors: Ab Rahim Nur Ainisyafini , Awang Besar Junaidi
Published: February 2024

Setiap pemimpin yang memimpin negara kebiasaannya akan memperkenalkan slogan masing-masing untuk dijadikan sebagai satu kerangka pemikiran besar yang akan dijadikan template dalam melaksanakan dasar pemerintahan negara. Setelah tiga bulan dilantik menjadi Perdana Menteri ke-10, Dato’ Seri Anwar Ibrahim telah memperkenalkan motto pemerintahannya iaitu Membangun Malaysia Madani pada 19 Januari 2023 di Pusat Konvensyen Antarabangsa Putrajaya (PICC). Pelbagai reaksi timbul daripada pengenalan slogan tersebut sama ada positif mahupun negatif. Justeru, artikel ini membincangkan pandangan pengundi terhadap slogan “Malaysia Madani” dalam Pilihan Raya Negeri 2023. Kajian ini mengadaptasikan kaedah kuantitatif iaitu soal selidik di lapangan, temu bual dan juga kaedah kualitatif iaitu rujukan maklumat sekunder iaitu artikel jurnal, bahan persidangan/seminar dan buku akademik yang berkaitan. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa majoriti responden pernah dengar istilah ‘Malaysia Madani’ namun mereka tidak faham sepenuhnya slogan tersebut. Meskipun istilah tersebut telah lama disebut PMX iaitu pada tahun 1995 yang lalu namun istilah tersebut tidak mendapat liputan meluas media dan orang ramai. Secara keseluruhannya, pengundi ketika PRN 2023 dapat menerima atau bersetuju dengan istilah Malaysia Madani yang mempunyai nilai hidup yang baik. Meskipun mereka bersetuju dengan istilah dan nilai baik tersebut namun soal sokongan kepada pemimpin, kerajaan dan parti politik adalah soal lain. Justeru, demi mendapat sokongan padu daripada rakyat, pemimpin, kerajaan dan parti politik perlu bukan sahaja memperkenalkan, bahkan juga mempraktikkan nilai baik tersebut agar dapat menjadi teladan sekali gus meyakinkan lagi pengundi untuk menyokong mereka dalam sesuatu pilihan raya akan datang.
Pembinaan Negara-Bangsa di Malaysia: Sorotan dari Segi Sejarah dan Cabarannya
Authors: Kaspin Khairul Ghufran , Samsudin Mohd , Mat Enh Azlizan
Published: February 2024

Negara-bangsa ialah sebuah negara berdaulat yang mempunyai penduduk dengan kesedaran bahawa terdapat persamaan dalam kalangan mereka. Persamaan tersebut dapat dilihat dari segi tradisi lama, adat dan bahasa yang dikongsi bersama-sama dalam kalangan mereka yang tinggal di dalam sebuah wilayah negara-bangsa. Dari sudut kewujudannya, sesebuah negara-bangsa merupakan entiti yang bebas daripada konsep dunia empayar. Di Malaysia, konsep asas pembinaan sebuah negara-bangsa telah wujud sejak zaman pemerintahan raja Melayu, manakala sistem pentadbiran ketika zaman penjajahan British pula telah memperkenalkan Tanah Melayu kepada konsep negara-bangsa moden. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan menyoroti sejarah perjalanan pembinaan negara-bangsa malaysia yang merdeka dan cabaran-cabaran yang dihadapi negara dalam usaha mencapai tujuan tersebut. Makalah yang dihasilkan adalah berbentuk kajian kualitatif sejarah dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis dokumen. Disamping itu, kaedah penulisan dan analisis Sains Sosial juga digunakan bagi menghasilkan analisis penulisan yang lebih luas. Hasil dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa proses pembinaan negara-bangsa di Malaysia merupakan sebuah proses yang berterusan atau ongoing process. Proses tersebut mula terbentuk melalui konsep tradisional negara-bangsa yang wujud sebelum zaman penjajahan British lagi dan seterusnya proses tersebut berkembang ketika zaman penjajahan dan terus berkembang setelah mencapai kemerdekaan mengikut perkembangan Tanah Melayu yang berfungsi sebagai sebuah negara-bangsa. Hingga pada era pasca-merdeka, dasar-dasar yang cuba diketengahkan oleh pihak pemerintah terus memperkasakan konsep negara-bangsa bagi membentuk bangsa idaman dan negara cita yang menjadi menjadi objektif semua negara yang merdeka. Makalah ini diharapkan dapat memberi gambaran terhadap perjalanan sejarah dan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh negara dalam usaha membentuk sebuah negara-bangsa idaman.
Faktor Kesukaran dalam Proses Memodelkan Sebuah Tapak Arkeologi Menerusi Pendekatan Geospatial
Authors: Ahmad Azizul , Said Mohd Zulhafiz , Masron Tarmiji , Ariffin Nur Afiqah , Zakaria Yaniza Shaira , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Jamru Lindah Roziani , Talib Nor Khairunnisa , Idris Nur Rafidah  Asyikin , Abd. Rahman Norliza , Bismelah Luqman Haqim , Mohd Ali Asykal Syakinah , Wis Bryan Anderson , Musa Norizan
Published: February 2024

Selama bertahun-tahun, ahli arkeologi telah bergantung pada peta dan analisis ruangan untuk memahami taburan artifak dan ciri di seluruh tapak arkeologi secara visualisasi. Walau bagaimanapun, pengenalan foto udara, penderiaan jauh digital, sistem maklumat geografi (GIS) dan sistem keletakan global (GPS) telah menyediakan ahli arkeologi dengan alat canggih untuk menganalisis dan menggambarkan taburan dan data arkeologi dengan cara yang inovatif. Oleh yang demikian, analisis geospatial telah mendapat pengiktirafan yang penting sebagai salah satu alat untuk membantu ahli arkeologi. Dengan menyepadukan foto udara, penderiaan jauh, GIS dan GPS ke dalam penyelidikan mereka, ahli arkeologi kini dapat menganalisis kuantiti data yang besar dalam masa yang sama memahami peranan ruangan. Ini telah membolehkan mereka memperoleh pandangan baru tentang taburan dan corak ciri arkeologi tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor kesukaran dalam proses memodelkan sebuah tapak arkeologi menerusi pendekatan geospatial. Antara faktor kepelbagaian yang menimbulkan kesukaran dalam proses memodelkan tapak arkeologi adalah tapak arkeologi, persekitaran, tingkah laku atau kelakukan dan faktor teknikal. Dengan kemajuan teknologi, pendekatan geospatial merupakan kaedah terbaik untuk penyelidikan arkeologi manakala ahli arkeologi perlu berhati-hati dan menimbang faedah dan cabaran yang berkaitan dengan analisis geospatial, memastikan kaedah ini digunakan secara berhemah dan beretika.
Penyelesaian Konflik dalam Teks Sastera Sejarah Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa
Authors: Mohd Razi Nur Nabilah , Jamian Muhd Norizam
Published: February 2024

Artikel ini membincangkan aspek penyelesaian konflik yang dipaparkan dalam teks Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa. Konflik merupakan satu bentuk interaksi sosial yang melibatkan antara satu pihak dengan pihak lain yang saling menentang sekiranya berlaku percanggahan pandangan. Setiap konflik yang berlaku perlu dileraikan dengan penyelesaian yang tertentu agar tidak menjadi barah dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Penyelesaian konflik merupakan kaedah untuk menangani atau mengatasi masalah yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Kajian berkaitan aspek penyelesaian konflik dalam teks Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa belum diberikan penelitian secara khusus terutamanya daripada perspektif Ralf Dahrendorf. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis penyelesaian konflik yang dipaparkan dalam teks Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa. Kajian ini membataskan kepada teks sastera sejarah Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa yang dikaji oleh Siti Hawa Haji Salleh (1988). Seterusnya, artikel ini mengaplikasikan pendekatan kualitatif menerusi kaedah kepustakaan dan kaedah analisis teks. Sehubungan itu, penerapan teori penyelesaian konflik yang dikemukakan oleh Ralf Dahrendorf telah dipilih sebagai gagasan utama dalam penelitian kajian ini. Menerusi teori konflik Dahrendorf (1959), dua kaedah penyelesaian konflik sahaja yang diguna pakai iaitu penyelesaian secara konsiliasi dan penyelesaian secara mediasi sesuai dengan bentuk konflik yang terkandung dalam teks Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa. Hasil kajian mendapati penyelesaian konflik secara konsiliasi telah diaplikasikan untuk meleraikan konflik peribadi dan konflik rasial. Seterusnya, penyelesaian secara mediasi pula telah diaplikasikan dalam meleraikan konflik kuasa dan konflik antara kelas sosial. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa merupakan bukti kebijaksanaan masyarakat Melayu tradisional dalam menguruskan konflik serta krisis yang berlaku dengan penyelesaian yang berkesan.
Karakter Bandar Diraja sebagai Produk Warisan Pelancongan di Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Saidi Zurina , Tahir Zurinah
Published: February 2024

Bandar Diraja merupakan satu khazanah yang bernilai dan wajar dipelihara. Ini kerana pelancongan bandar Diraja sejenis pelancongan yang merangkumi identiti warisan, budaya tradisional, warisan ketara dan tidak ketara. Pelancongan bandar Diraja juga mengekalkan elemen-elemen monumen, artifak dan bangunan bersejarah. Pelancongan Diraja kini berkembang pesat dan menerima kesan positif menerusi pembangunan pelancongan di Malaysia. Bandar Diraja merupakan warisan unik yang menjadi perlambangan sebuah negara berdaulat dan Melayu tradisional. Tujuan kajian adalah menghuraikan senario dan karakter bandar Diraja sebagai warisan dan produk pelancongan di Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah ulasan artikel dengan merujuk data sekunder seperti artikel jurnal, seminar/ persidangan dan buku-buku ilmiah yang berkaitan serta kajian lapangan. Hasil kajian mendapati kesembilan buah bandar Diraja di Malaysia mempunyai senario dan karakter yang berpadanan antara satu sama lain walaupun berbeza strukutur pentadbiran di setiap negeri. Produk utama bandar ditonjolkan dari sisi utama keunikannya iaitu kepunyaan terhadap istana, reka bentuk landskap, galeri dan arkib, seni bina masjid dan lain-lain karakter bandar Diraja yang lain. Justeru, bagi membangunkan bandar Diraja bersifat pelancongan Diraja, sokongan oleh pihak berkepentingan, kepimpinan negeri dan masyarakat perlu bukan sahaja memperkenalkan, bahkan juga mengunjungi, meraikan serta menjayakan pembangunan bandar Diraja sebagai salah satu produk pelancongan Malaysia.
Application of submodeling technique to reduce time spent modeling remote magnetic field sensors
Authors:   Smolensk branch of National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Vaytelenok L.V. , Kovzhenkin V.S. ,   Smolensk branch of National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”
Published: February 2024

Currently, various magnetic field sensors located at a distance from the signal source are widely used in technology. The development and optimization of the designs of such sensors is often carried out using computer modeling, which requires not only large computing resources, but also significant time costs. Thus, the development and application of special methods to reduce the time spent on modeling these converters are relevant. The solution of differential equations in the magnetic field model of the converter is performed using the finite element method implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics program. The solution of the chain model is obtained based on the general provisions of the theory of circuits using the built-in electric circuit editor in the COMSOL Multiphysics program. The use of a submodeling technique is proposed to solve transient processes in magnetic field sensors with a magnetic circuit and located at a great distance from the signal source. It is proposed to use the solution of a two-dimensional model as initial conditions. A technique to determine the size of a submodel is presented by comparing the results of two two-dimensional models, one of which does not consider the magnetic circuit. The factors influencing the effectiveness of the proposed technique are determined. The developed submodel tuning technique reduces the simulation time of magnetic field sensors with an error of replacing the complete model with a submodel of no more than 1 %. Application of the proposed submodeling technique will improve the efficiency of the design of magnetic field sensors.
Cause of Enigmatic Upper-Mantle Earthquakes in Central Wyoming
Authors: Zhao Dapeng , Liang Xuran , Toyokuni Genti , Hua Yuanyuan , Xu Yi-Gang
Published: February 2024

Earthquakes deeper than 60 km generally occur in subducting slabs. However, on 21 September 2013 two earthquakes (M 4.8 and 3.0) occurred at ∼71 to 75 km depths in the upper mantle beneath central Wyoming in the stable North American continent, where there is no actively subducting slab at present. The cause of the two events is still unclear. Here, we present detailed 3D P-wave isotropic and anisotropic tomography down to 750 km depth under Wyoming and adjacent areas. Our result shows that the two Wyoming events took place within a high-velocity (high-V) body at 0–160 km depths, which may be part of dense continental lithosphere. Another high-V body exists at ∼300 to 500 km depths, which may reflect a remnant of the subducted Farallon slab. A significant low-velocity (low-V) zone appears at ∼200 to 300 km depths between the two high-V bodies, and the low-V zone exhibits seismic anisotropy that VP is greater in the vertical direction than that in the horizontal direction. The low-V zone may include ascending fluids from dehydration of the subducted slab remnant, which was promoted by the nearby hot Yellowstone plume. It is highly possible that the ascending fluids induced the 2013 Wyoming upper-mantle earthquakes.
Prayaag Akbar’s "Leila" and Margaret Atwood’s "The Handmaid’s Tale"
Authors: Elices Agudo Juan Francisco
Published: February 2024

The turbulent historical period we are currently going through seems to have stimulated the production and publication of an overflowing number of dystopian narratives, which gravitate around a wide array of different topics. The publication of Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, now turned into one of the most successful TV shows of the decade, has become a link between Zamyatin, Huxley and Orwell’s pioneering works and the latest publications in the field, among which Prayaag Akbar’s Leila stands as a most significant contribution. This paper, which is informed by the illuminating approaches of Atwood scholars and Indian dystopian theorists, will seek to trace a number of intersections between Atwood’s masterpiece and Akbar’s opera prima, focusing on the authors’ takes on some of the tropes that build up the dystopian atmosphere of these novels. Thus, this article will primarily delve into the constraining effects of regimentation, especially for the female protagonists of these works, and the manipulation of the past, as they are the source of profoundly illuminating common grounds.
Biliary ascariasis: an unusual cause of acute cholecystitis
Authors: Macías-González Guillermo A. , Santillán-Arroyo Alberto
Published: February 2024

Ascariasis is one of the most common gastrointestinal parasitic infections in developing countries. In humans, these parasites reside in the jejunum but can lodge in any part of the small intestine and can migrate to the biliary tract. We present the case of a 45-year-old female patient, with no relevant history, from a rural town in Mexico, who presented to the emergency department for abdominal pain in the right hypochondrium, nausea and vomiting of one week's evolution, acute cholecystitis was suspected and an ultrasound of the liver and biliary tract was requested, which reported acute cholecystitis and ascaris was observed in the gallbladder, was evaluated by the general surgery service and cholecystectomy was performed, anthelmintic treatment was started, the patient was cured without complications and was discharged home after 48 hours.
Facklamia hominis isolated from infected sebaceous cyst on the breast
Authors: Agrawal Tushar L. , Chang Jennifer W.
Published: February 2024

Facklamia hominis is a gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus that is a rare human pathogen, with fewer than 15 cases isolated in the literature. We present the case of a 62-year-old female with an infected left breast sebaceous cyst treated successfully with surgical excision and flucloxacillin. Subsequent culture and microscopy isolated the organism Facklamia hominis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Facklamia hominis isolated from the breast, and the first reported isolate of the organism from a clinical specimen in Australia.
Assessment of the utilisation of monetary aid and its indicators among patients on anti-tubercular treatment in north India: a cross sectional study
Authors: Iqbaal S. Danish , Ansari M. Athar , Abedi Ali Jafar , Mehnaz Saira , Shamsi Jubair
Published: February 2024

Background: A good dietary practices are for plays a crucial role in influencing recovery from tuberculosis and it is a modifiable risk factor. Adequate nutrition is needed for faster recovery along with proper drug absorption and other thermodynamics of drugs besides adherence to drug treatment. It helps in better weight gain besides others benefits. So, the government of India started Nikshay Poshan Yojana (NPY) and providing monetary aid in form of Direct Benefit Transfer since March 2018 for patients. As there are very few studies which have tried to analyze and explore the effect of direct monetary benefits in many schemes. Aim and objectives of current study was to assess monetary support indicators and its utilization among TB patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted where the patients were taken using sequential sampling from Designated Microscopic Centers from January 2020 to December 2021. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and results were presented in tabular form.
Results: Approximately 63.9% patients received Direct Benefit Transfer money. Approximately 69.5% of those who received money used it. However, no significant association ascertained between DBT money used and under-nutrition.
Conclusions: Knowledge about TB and DBT should be provided through already existing ICT tool. Purpose of DBT money should be stressed at initiation of treatment to eliminate TB by 2025 as envisioned under National TB elimination program.
Knowledge attitude and practice towards COVID-19 booster dose among health care workers: a cross sectional study
Authors: V. Arathy , Patil Shailaja S. , Pattankar Tanuja P.
Published: February 2024

Background: Amidst the emerging COVID-19 variants worldwide, India started the COVID precautionary or booster dose vaccination by early 2022. Protecting the healthcare force is crucial, as they are critical drivers in increasing vaccine uptake among the public. Objective was to assess COVID-19 Booster dose vaccine coverage among Health Care Workers (HCWs) and to know the reasons for vaccine booster dose hesitancy.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among health care workers in Vijayapura city, during April-May 2022. The questionnaire in google form was shared to the target population, wherever necessary phone in interview was done. Data was tabulated in MS office Excel and analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.
Results: Out of 275 participants from different levels of health care system, 50% were males, 75% in age group <40 years and 67% were from urban area. 37% of the participants took precautionary dose of vaccine against COVID-19. Among those who did not take a booster shot, 22.5% were hesitant to take the vaccine and the reasons were: “Lack of faith in vaccination”, “two doses are sufficient”, and “Fear of side effects”. Socio demographic factors such as age, gender and residence were found to be statistically significant with the COVID Booster vaccination status.
Conclusions: Majority health workers are aware of booster dose vaccination, reasons for not taking booster dose were mainly lack of need and fear of side effects.
Effect of Buteyko breathing technique on peak expiratory flow rate in patients undergone upper abdominal surgery
Authors: Chilkapurwar Ruchita Rao , Diwate Abhijit D. , Das Arijit K.
Published: February 2024

Upper abdominal surgery (UAS) alters postoperative pulmonary function, as observed by impairment of lung volumes such as total lung capacity, vital capacity. Impaired clearance of sputum results in a vicious cycle of colonization and infection of bronchi with pathogenic organisms, dilation of bronchi and further sputum production. Ten patients undergone UAS were assigned randomly in two groups equally; their ages ranged from 23 to 60 years. The group A received Buteyko breathing. The data were collected before and after the same treatment period for both groups. The evaluation procedure was carried out to measure peak expiratory flow meter. Post treatment evaluation showed a significant difference in peak expiratory flow meter in both groups but in the favor of group A. Post treatment result showed a significant difference within the group. The post treatment value of group A was 272 which was better than group B which was 172. Combination of Buteyko breathing with conventional physiotherapy were considered to be an effective exercise for postoperative pulmonary complications after upper abdominal surgeries.
Can India achieve UNAIDS’ target by 2030?
Authors: Tarugu Jayanthi , Koni Kiranmayi , Puthalapattu Anusha , Kurugundla Hema , Chauduri Sirshendu , Thulasi T. Vasundhara , Singh Brig Mala , Ramaswamy Roopavani Dasannagari , David Angel , Prathibha P. M. , Devarayasamudram Sujayalakshmi
Published: February 2024

The world is embarking on a fast-track strategy to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. UNAIDS is targeted towards achieving the 95-95-95 strategy by 2025. Scaling up prevention, testing and treatment services towards HIV/AIDS is paramount in achieving these targets. To understand the status of India in achieving these targets, review of trials registered in the CTRI registry was done and found that among the 155 included trials, most (n=45, 29%) of the trials were drug trails, few were vaccine trials (n=6, 3.8%). Out of 155 studies, forty-one (20%) were in line to reach UNAIDS’ targets. The primary focus of those studies was improving CD4 counts and suppression of viral load (third target of UNAIDS’) (n=12, 7.7%), and the minimal focus was on promoting treatment adherence (second target of UNAIDS’) (n=11, 7%) and promotion of HIV testing (first target of UNAIDS’) (n=4, 2.5%). As prevention is always better than care, research should be encouraged towards prevention of HIV, which in turn facilitates achieving UNAIDS’ 2025 and 2030 targets.
POTENCIAL HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL DOS EMBRECHADOS: ESTUDO DE CASO NO CEMITÉRIO DE NAZARÉ – BA
Authors: De Jesus Ferreira dos Santos Neta Cidália
Published: February 2024

A presente pesquisa versa sobre o caráter sígnico dos embrechados no Cemitério Nosso Senhor dos Aflitos, na cidade Nazaré, no Recôncavo Baiano. O embrechamento é uma técnica artística semelhante aos mosaicos, surgida na Itália durante o século XVI. Sua aplicação consiste em incrustar fragmentos diversos de seixos; conchas; madeira; fósseis; azulejos; louças; ladrilho hidráulico; vidros e dentre outros materiais, preenchendo as superfícies e criando uma espacialidade entre cores, brilhos e texturas. Enquanto símbolo de arte, referente de sensibilidades e relações sociais, inserido em espaços de preservação e memórias, busca-se interpretar os signos, a correlação com o contexto social e sua capacidade em contribuir à ressignificação dos objetos e componentes da materialidade, através de conceitos aplicados às Memórias, Histórias e Semiótica fundamentados no âmbito da Cultura e Comunicação Social. Nos locais onde são empregados, especificamente no cemitério, os embrechados destacam ideias de espaço elevado de dominação, numa representação de benção e sacralidade, enquanto em Nazaré por a necrópole se apresentar com fronte voltada a avistar toda a área territorial da cidade, também determina sinal de proteção, respeito e divinização.