ACCELERATED PRODUCTION OF VIRUS-FREE POTATO PLANTING MATERIAL USING A BIOREACTOR
Authors:   Institute of plant biology and biotechnology. Timiryazeva 45, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Senior researcher at the laboratory of breeding and biotechnology, master of biology, Volkov D. ,   volkovdmitriykz@gmail.com,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003- 4609-7912, Аrgynbayeva А. ,   Institute of plant biology and biotechnology. Timiryazeva 45, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Junior researcher at the laboratory of breeding and biotechnology, master of biotechnology; asselargynbayeva@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2436-6926, Daurov D. ,   Institute of plant biology and biotechnology. Timiryazeva 45, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Research associate of the laboratory of breeding and biotechnology, master of biotechnology; dias.daurov@gmail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3073-4577, Zhapar К. ,   Institute of plant biology and biotechnology. Timiryazeva 45, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Junior researcher at the laboratory of breeding and biotechnology, master of biology; zhapar.zk@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9007-9730, Abai Zh. ,   Institute of plant biology and biotechnology. Timiryazeva 45, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Laboratory assistant of the laboratory of breeding and biotechnology, bachelor of biotechnology; abaizh097@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003- 1822-1437, Zhambakin К. ,   Institute of plant biology and biotechnology. Timiryazeva 45, Almaty, Kazakhstan.General Director of the RSE IPBB KN MES RK, academician of the NAS RK, doctor of biology, professor; zhambakin@gmail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5243-145X, Shamekova М. ,   Institute of plant biology and biotechnology. Timiryazeva 45, Almaty, Kazakhstan.Head of the laboratory of breeding and biotechnology, associate Professor, PhD; m.shamekova@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8746-7484
Published: October 2020

Potato production is one of the key branches of crop production that determines the food security of Kazakhstan. The Republic needs over 800,000 tons of seed potatoes per year. In addition to seed potatoes, which are grown in Kazakhstan, about 30,000 tons of seed potatoes are imported annually, while about 80% of this volume is imported from the Netherlands through private companies [1]. In 2018, 193.0 thousand hectares were occupied under potatoes in Kazakhstan, while the gross harvest amounted to 3806.9 thousand tons. At the same time, the yield in 2018 was only 19.8 t/ha. While in neighboring Uzbekistan in 2018, the yield was 33.68 t/ha, the maximum yield in New Zealand in 2018 was about 50.41 t/ha[2]. It is known that one of the main reasons for low potato yield is low-quality seed material. In Kazakhstan, mainly after obtaining virus-free plants in vitro through meristem culture, minitubers are obtained from them in most technological processes; in rare cases, microtubers are obtained from meristem plants in vitro and then minitubers from them. Research has shown that the bioreactor can massively clone meristem plants and get full-fledged virus-free microtubules reducing a significant proportion of manual labor, thereby reducing the impact on the result of the human factor, reduce infections, and reduce labor costs and material costs.