bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kosmologi Hindu Dalam Teks Ganapati Tattwa
Authors: Adnyana Ida Bagus Putu
Published: September 2021

Ilmu yang mempelajari tentang seluk beluk alam semesta beserta isinya disebut kosmologi. Dalam susatra Hindu ajaran kosmologi banyak ditemukan dalam teks-teks Veda secara universal maupun Nibandha secara local genius. Salah satu bagian dari Nibandha adalah lontar. Lontar eksis dan masih banyak ditemukan diberbagai tempat yang ada di Indonesia, salah satunya yang terbanyak adalah di Bali. Salah satu lontar yang mengkaji soal kosmologi, utamanya kosmologi Hindu adalah Ganapati Tattwa. Dalam penelitian ini lontar yang dikaji telah digubah dan dialih aksarakan serta dialih bahasakan ke dalam bentuk teks berbahasa Kawi dan Indonesia. Teks Ganapati Tattwa merupakan salah satu teks yang membahas secara gamblang perihal ajaran tattwa yang bernuansa siwaistik. Dalam teks ini dijelaskan konsep penciptaan (utpati), pemeliharaan (sthitti), dan peleburan (pralina) alam semesta yang disajikan dalam bentuk dialogis antara Dewa Siwa dengan putranya Sang Hyang Ganapati.  Sang Hyang Ganapati mengajukan begitu banyak pertanyaan kepada Dewa Siwa tentang hakikat alam semesta, hakikat manusia, ajaran yoga, kelepasan, dan lain sebagainya yang dijawab dengan bijaksana oleh Dewa Siwa. Konsep kosmologi Hindu dalam teks ini dijelaskan berawal dari Om-kara yang kemudian melahirkan Windu dan berakhir pada pembentukan alam semesta melalui unsur-unusr Panca Maha Bahuta. Selanjutnya akan mengalami pemeliharaan yang diakomodir oleh unsur-unsur Panca Daiwatma, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan peleburan sampai pada konsep Niskala dan akan mengalami penciptaan kembali dari konsep Niskala akan melahirkan Om-kara kembali sebagai cikal bakal penciptaan alam semesta.
Etika Ritual Hindu di Bali Menghadapi Masa Pandemi
Authors: Diantary Yunitha Asry
Published: September 2021

Secara teologis, umat Hindu memiliki tiga kerangka dasar yang dijadikan pedoman dalam menjalankan kehidupan beragama. Tattwa yang sebagai substansi filosofi setiap aktivitas dan simbol; susila yang menjadi keutamaan penunjang yang memegang peranan penting bagi tata kehidupan manusia sehari-hari; serta acara yang di dalamnya termasuk aktivitas ritual, yang mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai tattwa dan susila dalam wujud tata keberagamaan yang lebih riil dalam dimensi kebudayaan. Aktivitas ritual atau perbuatan sacral yang dilaksanakan oleh umat Hindu merupakan sebuah ekspresi dari pemaknaan yajna atau korban suci yang tulus ikhlas. Ritual agama Hindu tersebut dapat dilakukan setiap hari maupun hari pada hari suci tertentu, yang merupakan wujud rasa syukur dan bhakti umat Hindu kehadapan Tuhan Yang Mahaesa. Tanpa adanya acara, agama hanyalah seperangkat ajaran yang tidak akan nampak dalam dunia fenomenal. Semenjak masa pandemic covid-19 hingga saat ini, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan “new normal”. Hal ini menyangkut banyak aspek kehidupan masyarakat, tidak terkecuali pada bidang keagamaan. Segala aktivitas keagamaan khususnya yang dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat Hindu Bali, mengalami keterbatasan. Perubahan perilaku sosial dalam pelaksanaan ritual ini mengalami sebuah revolusi yang dapat dilihat yang jika diamati lebih cermat, masyarakat saat ini lebih mendahulukan etika keamanan namun tidak mengurangi makna dari ritual yang dilaksanakan, sehingga pelaksanaan aktivitas keagamaan tidak terkubur dalam aktivitas di masa pandemi.
Peran Penyerapan Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Kesejahteraan Keuangan Generasi Milenial pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Parulian Parulian , Tan Emmelia
Published: September 2021

Pandemi COVID-19 menekan pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia termasuk mempengaruhi keuangan generasi milenial pekerja. Literasi keuangan yang baik akan membantu individu terhindar dari masalah keuangan, terutama selama pandemi COVID-19. Literasi keuangan dapat memfasilitasi individu untuk mengelola pendapatannya dengan baik bahkan dalam situasi pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana literasi keuangan membantu dalam kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel sebanyak 100 responden dari generasi milenial. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis partial least square (PLS) dengan SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel sikap keuangan dan perilaku keuangan masa lampau berpengaruh positif terhadap literasi keuangan di masa krisis, namun variabel sikap keuangan dan perilaku keuangan masa lampau tidak ditemukan berpengaruh terhadap kesejahteraan finansial secara langsung. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah kemampuan literasi keuangan dari kesadaran sikap dan perilaku keuangan.Covid-19 Pandemic have a worse impact on Indonesia economy, inevitable financial condition among millennial working generations. Having good financial literacy can avoid financial problems/distress, especially during the covid-19 pandemic. Financial literacy can enhance an individual to manage their income well, even in a worse situation. This study aims to analyze how the implementation of financial literacy helps individuals during the covid-19 pandemic. The sample study is 100 individuals from the millennial generation. This study uses PLS (partial least square) method to analyze the data by using SmartPLS. The results show that past financial attitude and past financial behavior significantly influence financial literacy under challenging times. Meanwhile, the variable of past financial attitude and financial behavior has not directly affected financial well-being. The implication of this study is financial literacy from the awareness of financial attitude and financial behavior.
Some Fixed Point Theorems on $b$-$\theta$-metric spaces via $b$-simulation Functions
Authors: DALAN YILDIRIM Esra , ÇAKSU GÜLER Ayşegül , ÖZBAKIR Oya Bedre
Published: September 2021

We introduce the concept of $b$-$\theta$-metric space as a generalization of $\theta$-metric space and investigate some of its properties. Then, we establish a fixed point theorem in $b$-$\theta$-metric spaces via $b$-simulation functions. Thus, we deduce Banach type fixed point in such spaces. Also, we discuss some fixed point results in relation to existing ones.
Ekologi dan Kerusakan Lingkungan dalam Persepektif Al-Qur’an
Authors: L. Sholehuddin
Published: September 2021

Ecosystem is an overall unified arrangement of elements of the environment that influence each other in creating balance, order and sustainability. The discourse on environmental conservation has become an actual issue in the midst of the threat of a global crisis as a consequence of disasters, climate change, global warming, erratic seasonal changes, decreased quality of life and the threat of destruction of the earth. This condition triggers the anxiety and worry of mankind about the extinction of the earth. This study will answer how the Koran talks about the environment and its impact on human life. The design of this research is a qualitative type of literature. The data collection technique is the documentation of collecting environmental damage verses. The analysis uses a comparative interpretive, namely examining verses on environmental damage, comparing them, then concluding them through inductive thinking. The results of the study prove that environmental damage is caused by polytheists, hypocrites, greedy and selfish people. Solutions for strengthening monotheism, awareness of environmental law, and moral natural resource management.
Implikasi Instrumen Non-Zakat (Infaq, Sedekah Dan Wakaf) Dalam Perekonomian
Authors: Nufi Mu�tamar Almahmudi
Published: September 2021

Dalam ekonomi Islam, zakat merupakan salah satu instrumen yang mempunyai implikasi terhadap perekonomian. Namun ada bentuk non zakat yang mempunyai implikasi terhadap perekonomian yaitu infak, sedekah dan wakaf.  Infak, sedekah maupun wakaf merupakan upaya untuk mewujudkan keadilan ekonomi di luar zakat. Tulisan ini mencoba menyajikan uraian terkait implikasi instrument non zakat dalam perkembangan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap perekonomian menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Dengan adanya instrumen infak, sedekah maupun wakaf berarti kekayaan itu didistribusikan dari kalangan orang-orang kaya kepada orang-orang fakir. Hasil pengelolaan dana infak, sedekah maupun wakaf dalam bentuk yang produktif dapat dimanfaatkan secara lebih luas dalam rangka kesejahteraan masyarakat banyak dan bisa diaplikasikan sebagai pembangunan ekonomi meliputi program-program pemberdayaan umat, pengentasan kemiskinan, pendidikan, kesehatan dan lain-lain.
Implementasi Fatwa Dsn-Mui No: 77/Dsn-Mui/V/2010 Terhadap Akad Murabahah Pada Produk Cicil Emas Di Bank Syariah Mandiri
Authors: Annas Syams Rizal Fahmi  , Muhammad Irkham Firdaus  , May Shinta Retnowati  , Zulfatus  Sa�diah
Published: September 2021

Bank Syariah memiliki fungsi menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dalam bentuk titipan dan investasi dari pihak pemilik dana. Strategi baru telah dikembangkan dan diperkenalkan kepada industri perbankan syariah. Sebagai bentuk responden dari kebutuhan masyarakat tersebut, maka Bank Syariah memberikan jasa pelayanan kepada nasabah dalam bentuk jasa pelayanan keuangan untuk mengalihkan transaksi non Syariah (konvensional) yang telah berjalan menjadi transaksi yang sesuai dengan Syariah dengan memberikan jasa pembiayaan produk cicil emas yang di dasarkan dengan landasan hukum pada Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional. Dalam penelitian ini penulis membahas Analisis Pembiayaan Murabahah pada Produk Cicil Emas ditinjau dari Penerapan Fatwa DSN MUI No: 77/DSN-MUI/V/2010. Sehingga diharapkan mampu mengetahui bagaimana konsep mekasime penerapan akad dalam melakukan pembiayaan produk cicil emas dan juga landasan Fatwa DSN MUI. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif. Adapun untuk mendapatkan data-data pegawai dan nasabah yang melakukan pembiayaan produk cicil emas, penulis melakukan 3 cara yaitu dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, data yang terhimpun kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa praktik pembiayaan murabahah pada produk cicil emas di Bank Syariah Mandiri Kantor Cabang Pembantu Ponorogo sudah sesuai dengan fatwa DSN MUI No: 77/DSN-MUI/V/2010 tentang jual beli emas secara tidak tunai. Faktanya dalam praktik cicil emas pada Bank Syariah Mandiri Kantor Cabang Pembantu Ponorogo harga emas tidak bertambah selama akad berlangsung meskipun ada perpanjangan waktu setelah jatuh tempo, emas dijadikan jaminan dengan akad rahn dan disimpan di Bank Syariah Mandiri Kantor Cabang Pembantu Ponorogo, emas yang dijadikan jaminan tidak berubah akad dan tidak berpindah kepemilikan dan tetap disimpan di brankas Bank Syariah Mandiri Kantor Cabang Pembantu Ponorogo.
Service Excellent Bagi Fintech Syariah di Tengah Kondisi Covid-19
Authors: Trimulato  Trimulato  , Asyraf  Mustamin  , Ismawati  Ismawati
Published: September 2021

Telah hadir financial Technologhy (fintech syariah) akses keuangan dengan memafaatkan teknologi, sesuai prinsip syariah. Fintech syariah masih terbilang baru, sehingga peluang untuk dapat berkembang masih terbuka. Adanya wabah covid-19 memberikan dampak kurang baik bagi fintech syariah khususnya fintech syariah peer to peer lending (P2P). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perkembangan fintech syariah dan untuk mengetahui pola service excellent  fintech syariah di tengah wabah covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka dengan sifat penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data  penelitian ini  menggunakan data sekunder telah ada sebelumnya, dari berbagai sumber yang dianggap sesuai tema penelitian. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan deksriptif kualitatif, menggambarkan hasil analisis dari data diperoleh terkait perkembangan fintech syariah dan service excellen untuk fintech syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asset fintech syariah jenis fintech lending syariah pada periode april sebesar 50,591,727,786, atau mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,05 persen. Jumlah pelaku fintech syariah (P2P) sebanyak 12 perusahaan. Bentuk service excellent yang dilakukan fintech syariah di tengah wabah covid-19 yaitu meningkatakan penawaran menarik dan promo-promo yang dapat meningkatkan investor atau pihak pendana. Kemudian memperkuat silaturahim, memberi nasehat, serta membantu memasarkan produk-produk nasabah penerima dana. Bentuk service excellent fintech syariah di tengah wabah covid-19 berbeda dengan kondisi normal sebelum adanya virus covid-19.
Analisis penerapan akad wakalah pada produk Pendanaan sukuk tabungan (sbsn) melalui Layanan financial technology syariah
Authors: Siti Kurnia Primanilisa  , Rahmatul  Fadhil
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana mekanisme penjualan Sukuk Tabungan di Investree, apakah penjualan Sukuk Tabungan di Investree telah sesuai Peraturan dalam Memorandum Informasi. Kemenkeu, dan apakah penjualan Sukuk

Tabungan di Investree telah sesuai berdasarkan Fatwa DSN MUI No. 95/DSNMUI/VII/2014 Tentang SBSN Wakâlah. Adapun Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research), yang mana pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan metode wawancara, sedangkan untuk data sekunder penulis menggunakan dokumen, jurnal, peraturan, buku-buku, dan karya ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan teori SBSN/sukuk, fintech, dan wakâlah. Setelah data penelitian terkumpul selanjutnya penulis melakukan analisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dari penelitian mengenai mekanisme penjualan yang berlaku di Investree, penulis menyimpulkan bahwasanya praktik penjualan Sukuk Tabungan di PT Investree Radhika Jaya telah sesuai dengan Memorandum Informasi Sukuk Tabungan Kemenkeu dan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional-Majelis Ulama Indonesia No. 95/DSN-MUI/VII/2014 Tentang SBSN Wakâlah. Analisis yang dilakukan penulis yaitu dengan mengkaji apa yang terjadi di Investree terhadap Memorandum Informasi fatwa dan Kemenkeu. DSN-MUI. Adapun pedoman untuk tersebut yakni Memorandum Informasi Sukuk Tabungan seri ST-006 tahun 2019 yang diterbitkan oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia dan Fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 95/DSN-MUI/VII/2014 Tentang SBSN Wakâlah.
Analisis penerapan aspek syariah pada digitalisasi Bisnis pariwisata halal
Authors: Fitriani  Fitriani  , Indra  Marzuki
Published: September 2021

Pariwisata halal merupakan bagian dari industri halal yang memiliki pengaruh pada pertumbuhan ekonomi. Salah satu upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk mendukung kemajuan pariwisata halal ialah dengan mendukung perkembangan program digital terkait pariwisata halal. Cheria Holiday merupakan salah satu pelopor travel wisata halal dunia yang ada di Indonesia. Cheria Holiday telah memiliki beberapa program digital untuk pengembangan bisnis wisata halal, mendukung kemajuan teknologi pada saat ini, baik sistem B2B ataupun B2C. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang memadukan penelitian lapangan dan kepustakaan serta bersifat deskriptif analitis. Adapun sumber data yang dicantumkan berdasarkan hasil wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Wawancara dilakukan secara online bersama Direktur Utama Cheria Halal Holiday, Bapak Cheriatna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, Pengelolaan bisnis pariwisata halal pada Cheria Halal Holiday sudah hampir memenuhi seluruh ketentuan dalam fatwa No. 108/DSN-MUI/X/2016 tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Pariwisata Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah, yaitu tersedianya paket wisata, destinasi, dan akomodasi, yang sesuai dengan prinsip syariah, memiliki rekening Bank Syariah, mengelola secara mandiri dana perusahaan, memiliki panduan wisata, serta memiliki daftar penyedia makanan dan minuman bersertifikat halal MUI. Hanya saja masih ada penggunaan Bank Konvensional, jadi belum sepenuhnya menggunakan jasa lembaga keuangan syariah. Kedua, Cheria Holiday memiliki pengembangan digitalisasi bisnis yang bagus. Karena Cheria Holiday, telah menggunakan sistem digital dari awal ia berdiri. Dengan begitu, Cheria Holiday bisa terus bertahan dan berkembang lebih maju dan terpercaya. Ketiga, Aplikasi yang dimiliki oleh Cheria Holiday telah memenuhi prinsip-prinsip syariah, yang dapat dilihat dari produk halal yang perjual belikan, tidak ada unsur-unsur penipuan ataupun gharar, amanah, jujur, profesional, dan juga membawa kemaslahatan. Dengan demikian seluruh aplikasi yang dimiliki Cheria Halal Holiday sudah sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah.
Analisis Potensi Zakat Profesi Pegawai Negeri Sipil (Pns) Bagi Kemaslahatan Umat Di Sumbawa Besar
Authors: Feri  Irawan
Published: September 2021

Zakat profesi merupakan bentuk zakat baru yang muncul setelah era Nabi. Zakat profesi telah diketahui hukumnya, karena di zaman sekarang sudah banyak ulama’ yang membahasnya. Zakat profesi merupakan zakat yang banyak ditemui di zaman sekarang ini. Zakat profesi diatur dalam UU No. 38 tahun 1999 tentang pengelolaan zakat. Penulis juga menyimpulkan bagaimana pemahaman para PNS dalam membayar zakat, dan apa motivasi mereka untuk membayarkan zakat profesi, serta bagaimana pola pembayarannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, dengan tujuan menggambarkan bagaimana pelaksanaan pembayaran zakat profesi yang ada dalam masyarakat muslim yang berprofesi sebagai PNS di Sumbawa Besar. Pendapatan perekonomian masyarakat di zaman modern sekarang ini lebih banyak pada sektor jasa, dan yang penting memenuhi nisab. Peran BAZ/LAZ diharapkan bisa menjadi wadah atau sarana yang dapat dipercaya oleh masyarakat dengan jalan lebih aktif dengan mengelola zakat serta meyakinkan masyarakat untuk membayar zakat. Penulis mengetahui begitu baiknya para PNS dalam membayarkan zakatnya, baik itu untuk menjalankan perintah Agama, melaksanakan rukun Islam, membersihkan harta, ataupun untuk sosial tolong menolong antar sesama manusia.
Pengaruh Punishmen terhadap Efek Jera Santriwati di Pondok Pesantren Al-Hamidiyah Sawangan-Depok
Authors: Annisa Dwi Fitrianingrum  , Faza Karimatul Akhlak
Published: September 2021

This research is a type of quantitative research conducted at the Al-Hamidiyah Islamic Boarding School in Sawangan Depok, starting from February to July 2019. The population in this study was all female students of class X Al-Hamidiyah Islamic Boarding School in Sawangan Depok, with a sample of 42 female students using the Simple Cluster Random Sampling technique. Data collection using a questionnaire. Instrument analyst technique uses validity and reliability tests. Hypothesis testing using product moment. The results showed that: 1) There is an influence on the implementation of punishment on the deterrent effect of students who violate the rules of the Islamic Boarding School Al-Hamidiyah Sawangan Depok. The alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected because the result of "r" count 0.568 is included in the moderate or sufficient category (r count value in the range of 0.40-0.70).
Urgensi Pembelajaran Ushul Fiqih dalam Menanamkan Sikap Moderat Siswa
Authors: Zainuddin  , Sapiuddin Shidiq  , Abdul Ghofur
Published: September 2021

This study aims to explore the urgency of learning ushul fiqh in instilling moderate attitudes in students at Madrasah Mu'allimin Ad Diniyyah Al Hikmah 1 Brebes. This research is a field research that uses qualitative methods with a case study approach. research oriented to finding natural symptoms, collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation that support research. The results of this study are ushul fiqh learning in instilling moderate attitudes to students, it can be taken through the first through content, the second method of active learning. Third, habituation activities, Fourth, is the evaluation of coaching and guidance. Characteristics of students' moderate attitude through learning ushul fiqh 1) Tasamuh or tolerance, respect for differences. 2) Islah or reform is an attitude of reviewing a law in the future. 3) I'tidal or just. 4) tawazun or balance between understanding aqli reasoning and manhaji reasoning. 5) Civilized tahaddur is a noble character. 6) Shura or deliberation. 7) Alawiyah or priority. 8) Tatawwur wa Ibtikar is innovative and dynamic. This shows that ushul fiqh learning has an important role in instilling a moderate attitude in students
Pengaruh Pelatihan Pblic Speaking terhadap Keaktifian Belajar Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI)
Authors: Imam Maulana  , Ahmad Haromaini  , Faiz Fikri Al Fahmi
Published: September 2021

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing  students in the show much influence the public speaking training has on the learning atctiveness of 8th grade students in the subject of islam religious education at SMP Prima Bakti Kecamatan Panongan Kabupaten Tangerang. The research method used is quantitative research methods with data collection techniques in the form of distributing questionnaires. The respondents of this study were 50 students, based on the results of data processing and discussion, it was concluded that the public speaking training had a strong effect of 44,89% on the learning activeness of students in the subject of Islamic religious education and in testing the hypothesis t count>t table means that Ho is rejected and accepted ha
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Syifa Nur Izzati Zahro  , Siti Shopiyah
Published: September 2021

The background of the authors doing research is that in 2019 the principal got second nomination as head of the school to perform grades. SD Islamic Plus As-Sa’adatain has many achievements in Islamic fields and excelled within Islamic education. So reaserchers want to know the principal’s leadership style and the headmaster’s efforts to improve Islamic education. The purpose of research is to know the headmaster’s leadership style in improving Islamic education at SD Islamic Plus As-Sa’adatain Cinere Depok. The method of research that the writer uses is qualitative research wtih a descriptive approach. This is because the writer described or presented a complete picture of the pricipal’s leadership style in improving Islamic education at SD Islamic Plus As-Sa’adatain Cinere Depok. Research shows that the leadership style used by the Islamic primary school principal plus ASAs-Sa’adatain is used as a favor to democratic leadership styles. The headmaster principal of SD Islam Plus As-Sa’adatain in solving problems and making decisions is always done with deliberation. The headmaster of principle leading (teachers, staff, students) is that the principal does not depend on formal, rigid power, being casual, firm, flexible, dicipline not too formal but is still responsible and able to mentor. The way headmaster Islamic elementary school plus As-Sa’adatain communicates with subbordinates (teachers, staff and students) of good, relaxed, courteous, polite, warm, harmonious, firm, depply communicative, and authoritative. The quality of Islamic education at Islamic SD Islam Plus As-Sa’adatain is already good, from its planning, its process, and its results
Strategi Pembelajaran Guru PAI dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar pada Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sari Sartika Lubis  , Siti Istiqomah
Published: September 2021

This research aims to determine the application of learning strategies carried out by schools, especially PAI teachers in overcoming the difficulties of teaching and learning activities in grade 4 SD Dua Mei Ciputat. The method used in this research is qualitative with qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. Primary data sources come from school principals, PAI teachers, and 4th grade students, while secondary data sources come from school data, books, journals, articles and theses. The data analysis technique uses a data reduction model, data presentation, and data verification or conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of contextual learning strategies has been going well. This is seen from several aspects, namely PAI teachers have planned learning strategies in the era of the covid-19 pandemic, minimized difficulties in online teaching and learning activities and collaborated in online teaching and learning activities with parents. The supporting factors in carrying out online learning include learning strategy innovations, assistance with school wifi facilities for teachers and good coordination between parents and teachers. While the inhibiting factors are the internet network which is less stable, there are some parents who do not understand the use of the internet and the competence of students decreases
Management options to recover perennial ryegrass populations and productivity in run-out pastures
Authors: Griffiths Wendy , Dodd Mike , Kuhn-Sherlock Barbara , Chapman David
Published: September 2021

In parts of the upper North Island, farmers frequently report perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pastures failing within 3 or 4 years post-sowing. This appears to be related to interactions between several factors: climatic (drier, hotter summers), biotic (insect pest), soil (texture, water-holding capacity) and grazing management factors that vary spatially and temporally. The efficacy of three management interventions for recovering ryegrass populations and production in runout pasture was assessed in an experiment initiated in 2018/19 in central Waikato. Treatments were a long-spring rotation (LSR), a longer grazing deferral during late spring and summer (pasture deferral, PD) and under-sowing with perennial ryegrass (US), each applied to pastures of four ryegrass cultivars. In the year after the treatments were implemented, the yield of ryegrass in PD was 2.4 t DM/ha greater than for the control (7-year-old pasture), and ryegrass tiller populations initially doubled but later declined. Yields in US and LSR were intermediate but not significantly different from the control. Ground score changes responded more positively to PD compared with the other treatments. Relative to the baseline prior to initiation of the study, tiller populations increased for PD and US but declined for control and LSR. There were no interactions between management treatment and cultivar for any of the variables measured. Pasture deferral shows promise as an intervention for recovering failing ryegrass pastures through natural reseeding. However, the longevity of the benefits observed here has yet to be determined.
ILOCUTION SPEAKING IN LANGUAGE INTERACTION OF SANTRI AT PONDOK PESANTREN NURUL ILMI WAL FIKRI JOMBANG
Authors: Abdur Rahman Haidar
Published: September 2021

When the students interact, there is what is called a speech act or language interaction which includes speakers and opposing speakers, both individually and in groups. When interacting, there will be the application of language acts responsively to their fellow scopes, as well as actions in the form of verbal and behavioral. A speaker performs speech acts well because they are used to their environment. As in the santri at the Nurul Ilmi Wal Fikri Jombang Islamic boarding school, for survival in the pesantren the santri interact and there must be a purpose and application or purpose of the interaction. In the application of communication, the researchers observed the students with the illocutionary phenomenon. There are three illocutions contained in this study, namely; directive illocutionary, expressive illocutionary, and commissive illocutionary. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques in the form of observation, note taking, and documentation. Data validity techniques include; data transcription, understanding data, verifying data, modifying data and analyzing data. The results of this study are the students at the Nurul Ilmi wal fikri Jombang Islamic boarding school when interacting there will definitely be an application and purpose in communication, which can be verbal or behavioral.
THE MESSAGE OF DAKWAH IN THE NOVEL HATI SUHITA BY KHILMA ANIS AND THE NOVEL TWO BARISTA BY NAJHATI SHARMA
Authors: Rif’atul Maula
Published: September 2021

Novel is a literary work which is also known as fiction. Therefore, the notion of fiction also applies to the novel, which is a result of dialogue, contemplation, and the author's reaction to the environment and life. Each writer has a message that is implied in each of his works, one of which is as a distributor of da'wah messages. In this study, the researcher chose the novel Hati Suhita by Khilma Anis compared to the novel Dua Barista by Najhati Sharma. Because these two novels are the work of writers who were born in Islamic boarding schools. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The results of this study indicate that there are similarities and differences in the message of da'wah in the novel Hati Suhita by Khilma Anis and the novel Dua Barista by Najhati Sharma.
LANGUAGE SKILLS OF DEAF CHILDREN AT JOMBANG STATE EXCEPTIONAL SCHOOL
Authors: Heny Sulistyowati
Published: September 2021

Deaf children show hearing difficulties from mild to severe categories, classified into hearing loss and deafness. Deaf people are people who have lost the ability to hear so that it hinders the process of language information through hearing, either using or not using hearing aids where the hearing limit they have is sufficient to allow the success of the process of language information through hearing. Deaf children need learning media in the form of teaching aids to enrich their language vocabulary. The props include miniature animals, human miniatures, relevant pictures, illustrated library books, and children's play tools. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method through an observation. Observations are carried out in stages over several days starting from making an approach to making direct observations of objects. The results of observations made to Agus are guided by 4 language skills. Based on the four language skills, the object is able to master in writing skills. Listening skills are not mastered because the object has problems in hearing but can be overcome by the lip motion method. Object reading skills can understand but difficult to convey as well as speaking skills.
A Mechanistic Site-Of-Action Model: A Tool for Informing Right Target, Right Compound, And Right Dose for Therapeutic Antagonistic Antibody Programs
Authors: Kapitanov Georgi I. , Chabot Jeffrey R. , Narula Jatin , Roy Mahua , Neubert Hendrik , Palandra Joe , Farrokhi Vahid , Johnson Jay S. , Webster Robert , Jones Hannah M.
Published: September 2021

Quantitative modeling is increasingly utilized in the drug discovery and development process, from the initial stages of target selection, through clinical studies. The modeling can provide guidance on three major questions–is this the right target, what are the right compound properties, and what is the right dose for moving the best possible candidate forward. In this manuscript, we present a site-of-action modeling framework which we apply to monoclonal antibodies against soluble targets. We give a comprehensive overview of how we construct the model and how we parametrize it and include several examples of how to apply this framework for answering the questions postulated above. The utilities and limitations of this approach are discussed.
Surveillance Strategy for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer B Hepatocellular Carcinoma Achieving Complete Response: An Individualized Risk-Based Machine Learning Study
Authors: Chen Qi-Feng , Dai Lin , Wu Ying , Huang Zilin , Chen Minshan , Zhao Ming
Published: September 2021

Background: For patients with complete response (CR) of Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there is no consensus regarding the monitoring strategy. Optimal surveillance strategies that can detect early progression of HCC within a limited visit after treatment have not yet been investigated. A retrospective, real-world study was conducted to investigate surveillance strategies for BCLC stage B HCC (BBHCC) patients with CR after curative treatment to support clinical decision making.

Methods: From January 2007 to December 2019, 546 BBHCC patients with CR after radical treatment were collected at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Seventy percent of patients were subjected to the train cohort randomly; the remaining patients comprised the validation cohort to verify the proposed arrangements. The random survival forest method was applied to calculate the disease progression hazard per month, and follow-up schedules were arranged to maximize the capability of progression detection at each visit. The primary endpoint of the study was the delayed-detection months for disease progression.

Results: The cumulative 1, 2, and 3-years risk-adjusted probabilities for the train/validation cohorts were 32.8%/33.7%, 54.0%/56.3%, and 64.0%/67.4%, respectively, with peaks around approximately the 9th month. The surveillance regime was primarily concentrated in the first year posttreatment. The delayed-detection months gradually decreased when the total follow-up times increased from 6 to 11. Compared with controls, our schedule reduced delayed detection. Typically, the benefits of our surveillance regimes were obvious when the patients were followed seven times according to our schedule. The optional schedules were 5, 7, 9, 11, 17, 23, and 30 months.

Conclusion: The proposed new surveillance schedule may provide a new perspective concerning follow-up for BBHCC patients with CR.
Subject-Specific Spino-Pelvic Models Reliably Measure Spinal Kinematics During Seated Forward Bending in Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Overbergh Thomas , Severijns Pieter , Beaucage-Gauvreau Erica , Ackermans Thijs , Moke Lieven , Jonkers Ilse , Scheys Lennart
Published: September 2021

Image-based subject-specific models and simulations are recently being introduced to complement current state-of-the-art mostly static insights of the adult spinal deformity (ASD) pathology and improve the often poor surgical outcomes. Although the accuracy of a recently developed subject-specific modeling and simulation framework has already been quantified, its reliability to perform marker-driven kinematic analyses has not yet been investigated. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reliability of this subject-specific framework to measure spine kinematics in ASD patients, in terms of 1) the overall test-retest repeatability; 2) the inter-operator agreement of spine kinematic estimates; and, 3) the uncertainty of those spine kinematics to operator-dependent parameters of the framework. To evaluate the overall repeatability 1], four ASD subjects and one control subject participated in a test-retest study with a 2-week interval. At both time instances, subject-specific spino-pelvic models were created by one operator to simulate a recorded forward trunk flexion motion. Next, to evaluate inter-operator agreement 2], three trained operators each created a model for three ASD subjects to simulate the same forward trunk flexion motion. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC’s) of the range of motion (ROM) of conventional spino-pelvic parameters [lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), thoracic kyphosis (TK), pelvic tilt (PT), T1-and T9-spino-pelvic inclination (T1/T9-SPI)] were used to evaluate kinematic reliability 1] and inter-operator agreement 2]. Lastly, a Monte-Carlo probabilistic simulation was used to evaluate the uncertainty of the intervertebral joint kinematics to operator variability in the framework, for three ASD subjects 3]. LL, SVA, and T1/T9-SPI had an excellent test-retest reliability for the ROM, while TK and PT did not. Inter-operator agreement was excellent, with ICC values higher than test-retest reliability. These results indicate that operator-induced uncertainty has a limited impact on kinematic simulations of spine flexion, while test-retest reliability has a much higher variability. The definition of the intervertebral joints in the framework was identified as the most sensitive operator-dependent parameter. Nevertheless, intervertebral joint estimations had small mean 90% confidence intervals (1.04°–1.75°). This work will contribute to understanding the limitations of kinematic simulations in ASD patients, thus leading to a better evaluation of future hypotheses.
Efficient Production of Scleroglucan by Sclerotium rolfsii and Insights Into Molecular Weight Modification by High-Pressure Homogenization
Authors: Zeng Weizhu , Wang Junyi , Shan Xiaoyu , Yu Shiqin , Zhou Jingwen
Published: September 2021

Scleroglucan is a non-ionic water-soluble polysaccharide, and has been widely used in the petroleum, food, medicine and cosmetics industries. Currently, scleroglucan is mainly produced by Sclerotium rolfsii. A higher level of scleroglucan (42.0 g/L) was previously obtained with S. rolfsii WSH-G01. However, the production of scleroglucan was reduced despite a higher glucose concentration remaining. Additionally, the molecular weight of scleroglucan was large, thus restricted its application. In this study, by adjusting the state of seeds inoculated, the degradation issue of scleroglucan during the fermentation process was solved. By comparing different fed-batch strategies, 66.6 g/L of scleroglucan was harvested by a two-dose fed-batch mode, with 53.3% glucose conversion ratio. To modify the molecular weight of scleroglucan, a combination method with HCl and high-pressure homogenization treatment was established. Finally, scleroglucan with molecular weight of 4.61 × 105 Da was obtained. The developed approaches provide references for the biosynthesis and molecular weight modification of polysaccharides.
Co-treatment With Everolimus, an mTOR-Specific Antagonist, or Downregulation of ELK1 Enhances the Sensitivity of Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Genistein
Authors: Li Tianyu , Kuang Tiantao , Yang Zhaoshuo , Zhang Qiqi , Zhang Wen , Fan Yue
Published: September 2021

Genistein is a natural isoflavone with pharmacological or potentially anti-tumor properties. However, the resistance of cancer cells to genistein remains a major obstacle. This study focused on the mechanism implicated in the resistance of pancreatic cancer (PC) cells to genistein and the mechanism of action. First, key molecules and signaling pathways related to genistein resistance in PC cells were explored using bioinformatics tools. DEP domain containing MTOR interacting protein (DEPTOR), a typical inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, was predicted to be poorly expressed in the genistein-resistant PC cells. Thereafter, genistein-resistant PC cells (Panc-1 and PaCa) were constructed. Altered expression of DEPTOR was introduced in cells, and everolimus (ELM), an mTOR-specific antagonist, was administrated in cells as well to examine their roles in genistein resistance. The cell apoptosis was examined in vitro and in vivo in mouse xenograft tumors. The upstream regulator of DEPTOR was predicted via bioinformatic tools. The bioinformatic analyses showed that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was activated in the setting of DEPTOR downregulation in genistein-resistant PC cells. DEPTOR overexpression reduced the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) of genistein in PC cells and suppressed mTOR phosphorylation, and it increased caspase-3 activity, LDH release and apoptosis in PC cells. ELM treatment enhanced the sensitivity of PC cells to genistein in vitro and it strengthened the tumor-eliminating role of genistein in mice. ETS transcription factor ELK1 (ELK1), a transcription factor that negatively regulated DEPTOR transcription, was suppressed by genistein. Upregulation of ELK1 suppressed DEPTOR transcription and reduced the genistein sensitivity of cells, and it also blocked the genistein-sensitizing roles of ELM in PC cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that ELK1 reduces DEPTOR transcription, leading to mTOR phosphorylation and the drug resistance of PC cells.
The Evolutionary Conserved Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor Motif (TMBIM) Containing Protein Family Members 5 and 6 Are Essential for the Development and Survival of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Zhang Li , Buhr Sebastian , Voigt Aaron , Methner Axel
Published: September 2021

The mammalian Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor Motif (TMBIM) protein family consists of six evolutionarily conserved hydrophobic proteins that affect programmed cell death and the regulation of intracellular calcium levels. The bacterial ortholog BsYetJ is a pH-dependent calcium channel. We here identified seven TMBIM family members in Drosophila melanogaster and describe their expression levels in diverse tissues and developmental stages. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that CG30379 represents the ortholog of human TMBIM4 although these two proteins are much less related than TMBIM5 (CG2076 and CG1287/Mics1) and TMBIM6 (CG7188/Bi-1) to their respective orthologs. For TMBIM1-3 the assignment is more dubious because the fly and the human proteins cluster together. We conducted a functional analysis based on expression levels and the availability of RNAi lines. This revealed that the ubiquitous knockdown of CG3798/Nmda1 and CG3814/Lfg had no effect on development while knockdown of CG2076/dTmbim5 resulted in death at the pupa stage and knockdown of CG7188/dTmbim6 in death at the embryonic stage. Ubiquitous knockdown of the second TMBIM5 paralog CG1287/Mics1 ensued in male sterility. Knockdown of dTmbim5 and 6 in muscle and neural tissue also greatly reduced lifespan through different mechanisms. Knockdown of the mitochondrial family member dTmbim5 resulted in reduced ATP production and a pro-apoptotic expression profile while knockdown of the ER protein dTmbim6 increased the ER calcium levels similar to findings in mammalian cells. Our data demonstrate that dTmbim5 and 6 are essential for fly development and survival but affect cell survival through different mechanisms.
Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast
Authors: Morey Robert , Farah Omar , Kallol Sampada , Requena Daniela F. , Meads Morgan , Moretto-Zita Matteo , Soncin Francesca , Laurent Louise C. , Parast Mana M.
Published: September 2021

During pregnancy, conceptus-derived extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invades the endomyometrium, anchors the placenta to the maternal uterus, and remodels the spiral arteries in order to establish maternal blood supply to the fetoplacental unit. Recent reports have described early gestation EVT as polyploid and senescent. Here, we extend these reports by performing comprehensive profiling of both the genomic organization and transcriptome of first trimester and term EVT. We define pathways and gene regulatory networks involved in both initial differentiation and maturation of this important trophoblast lineage at the maternal–fetal interface. Our results suggest that like first trimester EVT, term EVT undergoes senescence and endoreduplication, is primarily tetraploid, and lacks high rates of copy number variations. Additionally, we have highlighted senescence and polyploidy-related genes, pathways, networks, and transcription factors that appeared to be important in normal EVT differentiation and maturation and validated a key role for the unfolded protein response in this context.
Cytoskeleton and Membrane Organization at Axon Branches
Authors: Bodakuntla Satish , Nedozralova Hana , Basnet Nirakar , Mizuno Naoko
Published: September 2021

Axon branching is a critical process ensuring a high degree of interconnectivity for neural network formation. As branching occurs at sites distant from the soma, it is necessary that axons have a local system to dynamically control and regulate axonal growth. This machinery depends on the orchestration of cellular functions such as cytoskeleton, subcellular transport, energy production, protein- and membrane synthesis that are adapted for branch formation. Compared to the axon shaft, branching sites show a distinct and dynamic arrangement of cytoskeleton components, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. This review discusses the regulation of axon branching in the context of cytoskeleton and membrane remodeling.
Developing Cytokine Storm-Sensitive Therapeutic Strategy in COVID-19 Using 8P9R Chimeric Peptide and Soluble ACE2
Authors: Nazerian Yasaman , Vakili Kimia , Ebrahimi Ali , Niknejad Hassan
Published: September 2021

Currently, the COVID-19 pandemic is an international challenge, largely due to lack of effective therapies. Pharmacotherapy has not yet been able to find a definitive treatment for COVID-19. Since SARS-CoV-2 affects several organs, treatment strategies that target the virus in a wider range are expected to be ultimately more successful. To this end, a two-step treatment strategy has been presented. In the first phase of the disease, when the patient is newly infected with the virus and the cytokine storm has not yet been developed, a chimeric peptide is used to inhibit virus entry into the host cell cytosol (by inhibiting endosomal pH acidification) and viral replication. After the virus entry and decrease of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) level, some people are unable to properly compensate for the ACE2 pathway and progress toward the cytokine storm. In the beginning of the cytokine storm, sACE2 protein is very effective in regulating the immune system toward the anti-inflammatory pathway, including M2 macrophages. Hence, the genes of 8P9R chimeric peptide and sACE2 would be inserted in an episomal vector with a separate promoter for each gene: the chimeric peptide gene promoter is a CMV promoter, while the sACE2 gene promoter is a NF-κB-sensitive promoter. The NF-κB-sensitive promoter induces the expression of sACE2 gene soon after elevation of NF-κB which is the main transcription factor of inflammatory genes. Thus, as the expression of inflammatory cytokines increases, the expression of sACE2 increases simultaneously. In this condition, sACE2 can prevent the cytokine storm by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory pathways. To deliver the designed vector to the target cells, mesenchymal stem cell-derived (MSC-derived) exosome-liposome hybrids are used. Herein, the strategy can be considered as a personalized clinical therapy for COVID-19, that can prevent morbidity and mortality in the future.
Lack of MOF Decreases Susceptibility to Hypoxia and Promotes Multidrug Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via HIF-1α
Authors: Wang Meng , Liu Haoyu , Zhang Xu , Zhao Wenbo , Lin Xiaoyan , Zhang Fei , Li Danyang , Xu Chengpeng , Xie Fei , Wu Zhen , Yang Qibing , Li Xiangzhi
Published: September 2021

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) promotes oncogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma and is functionally linked to cell proliferation, chemoresistance, metastasis and angiogenesis. It has been confirmed that the low expression level of Males absent on the first (MOF) in hepatocellular carcinoma leads to poor prognosis of patients. However, potential regulatory mechanisms of MOF in response to hypoxia remain elusive. Our results demonstrate that MOF expression is negatively associated with HIF-1α expression in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and in response to chloride-mimicked hypoxia in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. MOF regulates HIF-1α mRNA expression and also directly binds to HIF-1α to mediate HIF-1α N-terminal lysine acetylation, ubiquitination and degradation, with downstream effects on MDR1 levels. Functional inactivation of MOF enhances HIF-1α stability and causes cell tolerance to hypoxia that is insensitive to histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment. Dysfunction of MOF in hepatocellular carcinoma cells also results in chemoresistance to trichostatin A, sorafenib and 5-fluorouracil via HIF-1α. Our results suggest that MOF regulates hypoxia tolerance and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by modulating both HIF-1α mRNA expression and N-terminal acetylation of HIF-1α, providing molecular insight into MOF-dependent oncogenic function of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.