bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trigonometric Higher‐Order Shear Deformation Theory on Exact Solution for Lateral and Longitudinal Dynamic Response of Magneto‐Electric Carbon Nanotube‐Reinforced Composite Beams Under Two Moving Loads Resting on Winkler–Pasternak Foundation
Authors: Eghbali Mohammadreza , Hosseini Seyed Amirhosein
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to analyze the transverse and axial dynamic response of magneto‐electric carbon nanotube‐reinforced composite (CNTRC) beams under two moving constant loads resting on an elastic foundation. The governing equations of the magneto‐electric CNTRC beam are obtained based on Mantari’s shear deformation beam theory, Hamilton’s principle, and Laplace transforms to solve the derived differential equations. The beams, which include a Winkler spring and shear layer, are considered as resting on the elastic foundation. The boundary conditions for this work are simply supported. This marks the inaugural instance in which a precise analytical approach rooted in mathematical principles has been employed to examine these constructions. The drawback inherent in this technique lies in its reliance on a simply supported boundary condition, stemming from the challenge associated with performing Laplace inversion on the Coupled equations. A comparison with previous studies has been conducted, which is a valuable contribution. Several examples were used to analyze the magnetic, voltage, and spring constant factors, the volume fraction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the velocity of a moving constant load, and their influence on the transverse and axial dynamic responses and maximum deflections.
Anesthetic Management of Renal Tumor with Level 3 Inferior Vena Cava Extension at a University Hospital in Vietnam: A Case Report
Authors: Phan Vu Ton Ngoc , Tran Phat Thanh , Nguyen Dao Thi Ngoc
Published: January 2025

Background: Renal tumors with inferior vena cava (IVC) invasion pose significant challenges for surgical and anesthetic management. This report presents the anesthetic management of a patient with a level 3 IVC-invading renal tumor, emphasizing the complexity and multidisciplinary approach required. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old woman with a large left renal tumor causing complete obstruction of the left renal vein and near-total obstruction of the IVC was admitted for surgery. Multidisciplinary planning included a nephrectomy with removal of tumor from the IVC. The patient underwent general anesthesia with extensive hemodynamic monitoring and fluid management to mitigate potential blood loss and cardiovascular instability. The surgery, lasting 5 h, involved successful radical nephrectomy, tumor removal from the IVC, and resection of liver metastases. Postoperative recovery was without complications, and the patient was discharged 7 days. Conclusion: Managing anesthesia for renal tumors with IVC invasion requires careful preoperative planning, invasive monitoring, and multidisciplinary approach.
Childhood Maltreatment and Somatic Symptoms in Adulthood: Establishing a New Research Pathway
Authors: Lüönd Antonia M. , Ayas Görkem , Bachem Rahel , Carranza-Neira Julia , Eberle David J. , Fares-Otero Natalia E. , Hashim Mohammad , Iqbal Naved , Jenkins Dan , Kamari Songhorabadi Saman , Ledermann Katharina , Makhashvili Nino , Martin Soelch Chantal , Nebioğlu Ertaç , Oe Misari , Olayinka Juliet N. , Olff Miranda , Picot Laura , Seedat Soraya , Tandon Tanya , Wadji Dany L. , Womersley Jacqueline S. , Schnyder Ulrich , Sar Vedat , Pfaltz Monique C. , Ceylan Deniz
Published: January 2025

Background: Somatic symptoms, such as chronic pain, fatigue, and gastrointestinal disturbances, are commonly reported in individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment (CM), which includes various forms of abuse and neglect experienced before age 18. Although CM is strongly associated with somatic symptoms, the specific relationships between CM subtypes and these symptoms, as well as the mechanisms connecting them, remain insufficiently understood. This review examines the complex interaction between CM and somatic symptoms, which often coexist with mental disorders and significantly impact quality of life and healthcare systems.
Summary: Somatic symptoms, frequently a mix of "explained" and "unexplained" conditions, are associated with personal distress and pose diagnostic challenges. CM has been linked to these symptoms through neurobiological mechanisms, such as HPA axis dysregulation and allostatic load, while theoretical models emphasize the roles of hyperawareness, cultural factors, and vulnerability in symptom development. However, existing research often fails to account for specific CM subtypes, the full range of somatic symptoms, and cultural and situational factors, leading to inconsistencies in findings.
Key Messages: Bridging gaps in literature requires adopting the World Health Organization’s CM subtype definitions and ICD-11 codes (MA00-MH2Y) to encompass a broader spectrum of somatic symptoms. Employing rigorous methodologies, such as systematic reviews and meta-analyses, is essential for advancing understanding. These approaches can enhance diagnostic accuracy, support tailored interventions, and promote a biopsychosocial framework for CM research, ultimately improving patient outcomes and alleviating societal burdens.
Health-Related Quality of Life in a Real-World Cohort of Patients with Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroki , Furubayashi Nobuki , Morihara Kaede , Nakamura Motonobu , Negishi Takahito
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has been reported in clinical trials of pembrolizumab and avelumab treatment of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma. However, few studies have investigated the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on HRQOL in patients with urothelial carcinoma in a real-world setting. Methods: We included 44 patients with advanced urothelial cancer who were treated with pembrolizumab or avelumab from January 2018 to November 2023. When patients visited our hospital for treatment, we evaluated their HRQOL using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 15-Palliative Care. We retrospectively reviewed the interview sheets. Results: The median time to deterioration in global health status was 19.1 weeks. The mean scores of emotional functioning were improved in weeks 18 and 36 compared with baseline. The mean scores for fatigue and appetite loss were also improved in weeks 18 and 36. Conclusion: ICI treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma did not worsen HRQOL over time in a real-world setting. Tolerability of ICIs for advanced urothelial carcinoma appears good in those who received long-term treatment.
Pisar el tambor. Una mirada semiótica sobre la corporalidad del candombe.
Authors: Corvalán María Laura
Published: January 2025

En este texto nos proponemos presentar un análisis del esquema corporal del baile del candombe, el cual forma parte de una investigación doctoral en curso sobre la relación entre la corporalidad y la comunicación en el candombe porteño, atendiendo a sus reversiones y a las reformulaciones identitarias de sus practicantes.  El estudio se centra en el caso de la Asociación Misibamba, la cual busca visibilizar la presencia de la población afroargentina en nuestra historia y valorizar la práctica del candombe afroporteño. En esta oportunidad indagaremos sobre los flujos comunicativos que se dan en el baile ‘hacia adentro’, con una mirada semiótica que permite reconocer las capas de sentido que se van tejiendo entre el cuerpo y su entorno.
The Gaussian-linear hidden Markov model: A Python package
Authors: Vidaurre Diego , Masaracchia Laura , Larsen Nick Y. , Ruijters Lenno R.P.T , Alonso Sonsoles , Ahrends Christine , Woolrich Mark W.
Published: January 2025

We propose the Gaussian-Linear Hidden Markov model (GLHMM), a generalisation of different types of HMMs commonly used in neuroscience. In short, the GLHMM is a general framework where linear regression is used to flexibly parameterise the Gaussian state distribution, thereby accommodating a wide range of uses—including unsupervised, encoding, and decoding models. GLHMM is available as a Python toolbox with an emphasis on statistical testing and out-of-sample prediction—that is, aimed at finding and characterising brain–behaviour associations. The toolbox uses a stochastic variational inference approach, enabling it to handle large data sets at reasonable computational time. The GLHMM can work with various types of data, including animal recordings or non-brain data, and is suitable for a broad range of experimental paradigms. For demonstration, we show examples with fMRI, local field potential, electrocorticography, magnetoencephalography, and pupillometry.
Validating MEG estimated resting-state connectome with intracranial EEG
Authors: Afnan Jawata , Cai Zhengchen , Lina Jean-Marc , Abdallah Chifaou , Pellegrino Giovanni , Arcara Giorgio , Khajehpour Hassan , Frauscher Birgit , Gotman Jean , Grova Christophe
Published: January 2025

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is widely used for studying resting-state brain connectivity. However, MEG source imaging is ill posed and has limited spatial resolution. This introduces source-leakage issues, making it challenging to interpret MEG-derived connectivity in resting states. To address this, we validated MEG-derived connectivity from 45 healthy participants using a normative intracranial EEG (iEEG) atlas. The MEG inverse problem was solved using the wavelet-maximum entropy on the mean method. We computed four connectivity metrics: amplitude envelope correlation (AEC), orthogonalized AEC (OAEC), phase locking value (PLV), and weighted-phase lag index (wPLI). We compared spatial correlation between MEG and iEEG connectomes across standard canonical frequency bands. We found moderate spatial correlations between MEG and iEEG connectomes for AEC and PLV. However, when considering metrics that correct/remove zero-lag connectivity (OAEC/wPLI), the spatial correlation between MEG and iEEG connectomes decreased. MEG exhibited higher zero-lag connectivity compared with iEEG. The correlations between MEG and iEEG connectomes suggest that relevant connectivity patterns can be recovered from MEG. However, since these correlations are moderate/low, MEG connectivity results should be interpreted with caution. Metrics that correct for zero-lag connectivity show decreased correlations, highlighting a trade-off; while MEG may capture more connectivity due to source-leakage, removing zero-lag connectivity can eliminate true connections.
Sámi Resurgence through Heritage Work
Authors: Liinason Mia
Published: January 2025

With the aim to reach deeper insights into dynamics of resilience and resurgence in Sámi systems of knowledge, this article explores how Sámi worldviews and knowledges are enacted and passed on despite violent efforts of erasure by colonial state actors and settler colonialists. I analyze a variety of sources—interviews, a podcast, a documentary and a magazine—to highlight Sámi resilience and resurgence from different sites in the Norwegian part of Sápmi. Using the notion of heritage work, I illustrate how Sámi knowledge systems have kept their inner coherence while emerging in close affinity with hegemonic systems of knowledge. While illuminating tensions, contestations and complexities, the analysis brings attention to intersections between Sámi spirituality and Lutheran Christianity and recognize the embodied ways in which Sámi epistemes and nature-centered and multi-relational cosmologies are practiced beyond logocentric modes of knowledge, and highlight the role of gender for passing on these tacit forms of knowledge.
Svistella cangshanensis Ma & Tao, sp. nov., a new species of Trigonidiinae (Orthoptera: Trigonidiidae) from China
Authors: TAO LI-LONG , YUAN WEI , MA LI-BIN
Published: January 2025

Svistella Gorochov, 1987 is a genus of sword-tailed crickets whose males bear long tegmina and long oval-shaped mirror. There are 11 species of Svistella recorded worldwide, and 10 are distributed in China. In this article, we describe a new species of Svistella from Yunnan Province (Svistella cangshanensis Ma & Tao sp. nov.). The new species is similar to Svistella wuyong He, 2021, however, the pronotum of S. wuyong is reddish-brown and there are black spots on both sides of the end of the posterior femora, the pronotum of S. cangshanensis is yellowish-brown and there are black spots in the center and both sides of the pronotum. Moreover, there are also differences in genitalia. In S. wuyong, the end of the lateral lobe of the epiphallus becomes narrow, sharp and almost straight; while in S. cangshanensis, this part becomes narrow and sharp with curvature and the inner lobe has denticles. In this article, we describe and illustrate the new species and provide keys for the Chinese Svistella species.
Contributions to the knowledge of the subfamily Simognathinae (Acari: Halacaridae) of Türkiye
Authors: DURUCAN FURKAN
Published: January 2025

A new species of the genus Acaromantis Trouessart & Neumann, 1893, A. nurhayatae sp. nov., is described and illustrated herein from the eastern Mediterranean Sea of Antalya, Türkiye. The new species is easily distinguished from all congeners by its fused AE and GA. None of the previously described Acaromantis species has fused AE and GA. It is twelfth known species in its genus and the third species of the genus known to occur in the Mediterranean Sea. In addition, Simognathus leiomerus Trouessart, 1894 is reported for the first time from Turkish coasts based on adults and nymphs, further extending its known distribution to the Antalya Bay in the Levantine Sea. Along with the new species and new record, the presence of deutonymph, larva and quiescent larva stage of Acaromantis monnioti Morselli, 1970 and both nymphal stages of Simognathus adriaticus Viets, 1940 are reported and illustrated for the first time. All species are inhabitants of fine sand grains.
The first report from Poland and larvae description of Eukiefferiella dittmari Lehmann, 1972 (Diptera: Chironomidae) based on morphological and molecular characteristics
Authors: SŁOMCZYŃSKI KAMIL , MATERA TYMOTEUSZ , BRODECKI JAROSŁAW , GADAWSKI PIOTR , PŁÓCIENNIK MATEUSZ
Published: January 2025

Eukiefferiella is a large genus in the family Chironomidae with over 50 species worldwide. Their immature stages have so far been described in many species in the western Palearctic. Nevertheless, some species are still known only from adult males. Presented below is a description of Eukiefferiella dittmari Lehmann, 1972 larvae first recorded in Poland in the pristine river Rawka. The larvae were collected from water moss and identified to the species level using a DNA barcode from BOLD database. E. dittmari larvae belong to E. ilkleyensis group having bifid SIII seta, and mentum with wide central tooth and four pairs of lateral teeth. At the genetic and morphological level, E. dittmari is a sister species to Nearctic E. endobryonia, also an aquatic moss dweller. The phylogenetic relation of these two species should be further investigated.
First record of a hydrozoan (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) growing on a sigalionid scaleworm (Annelida, Sigalionidae)
Authors: CRUZ-GÓMEZ CHRISTOPHER , MENDOZA-BECERRIL MARÍA A.
Published: January 2025

The scaleworm Pelogenia fimbriata (Hartman, 1939) collected from Secas Islands, Panama, during the Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition in 1916, was not only recognized as an undescribed species at the time of discovery but has also revealed a new finding almost nine decades after its description. A paratype of P. fimbriata was examined in the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, USA and the hydroid Bimeria vestita Wright, 1959 was found attached to an anterior scale of the worm. The interaction between B. vestita and P. fimbriata in this study represents the first record of epibiosis of a hydroid on a sigalionid scaleworm. This discovery contributes to our understanding of epibiosis in Hydrozoa and opens new avenues for further research in this area.
Redescription of Tetebius latibunus as a new senior synonym of Malgaceros boviceps (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)
Authors: MAMANI VANESA , PÉREZ-GONZÁLEZ ABEL
Published: January 2025

The holotype of Tetebius latibunus Roewer, 1949, and the topotype material of Malgaceros boviceps Lawrence, 1959, were thoroughly examined and compared. No morphological differences were found between these specimens. Consequently, a new synonymy is herein proposed, identifying Malgaceros boviceps as a synonym of Tetebius latibunus, and subsequently, Malgaceros Lawrence, 1959, as a synonym of Tetebius Roewer, 1949. Additionally, the holotype of Tetebius latibunus is considered a minor male, whereas the junior synonym Malgaceros boviceps is considered as a major male. A revised description and detailed illustration of the species Tetebius latibunus are provided, based on a comprehensive review of the holotype and numerous specimens that were collected in Nosy Be, Madagascar, the type locality of Malgaceros boviceps. The original type locality attributed to Tetebius latibunus by Roewer (Tete, Mozambique) is now believed to be a mislabeling, and the species is considered endemic to Madagascar.
Incarcerated Women and Mental Illness: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)
Authors: King Sarah E. , Smith Hayden P. , Ferdik Frank
Published: January 2025

A significant number of incarcerated women experience severe and persistence mental illness. Even though a sizable body of research finds that mental health can be significantly worsened during periods of incarceration, surprisingly few studies to date have explored how incarcerated women negotiate, manage, and process their clinical diagnoses while in custody. To address this research void, the current study conducted an interpretative phenomenological analysis of ( n = 15) women with mental illness incarcerated in a medium-maximum security, state prison located in the Southeastern United States. Respondents cited six themes associated with these experiences: (1) Coming to terms with a diagnosis; (2) Managing mental illness; (3) The value of communication; (4) Negative impacts of mental illness; (5) Stigmatization and labeling; and (6) Isolation. Findings are discussed with reference to policy initiatives aimed at improving the mental and physical welfare of justice-involved women.
Ash Everywhere: Place Attachment and Meanings in the Aftermath of Wildfires
Authors: Morales-Giner Pilar , Mook Anne
Published: January 2025

Wildfires can lead to drastic environmental changes that pose a threat to communities’ understandings of place. While previous research has explored the connections between environmental change and place attachment, less is known about the relationship between place meanings and environmental disasters in combination with other drivers of change such as demographic dynamics and climate change. The main goal of this article is to enhance understanding of how wildfire-related experiences impact place meanings. Through semi-structured interviews with communities who were affected by wildfires in rural Colorado, we clarify the neglected relationship between environmental disasters and place attachment and place meanings. Specifically, we identify how place meanings are channeled through different dimensions of place attachment, namely place affection and place awareness. By differentiating these two dimensions, we indicate practical possibilities for addressing climatic and environmental change, such as through community building, education on resource conservation, and wildfire–risk management.
The Influence of Social Media Corporate Social Responsibility Communication on Consumer– Brand Identification and Electronic Word of Mouth in the Banking Sector: The Moderating Role of User-Generated Content
Authors: Sharma Rajesh
Published: January 2025

This study contributes to both marketing and corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature by exploring consumer perceptions of CSR in the banking sector. The findings reveal that CSR efforts on social media help build consumer–brand identification (C-B identification) and promote positive electronic word of mouth (eWOM). Both perceived CSR initiatives and C-B identification have a direct, positive effect on eWOM. Additionally, user-generated content enhances the effect of CSR initiatives on eWOM. For policymakers, these findings highlight the impact of engaging CSR communication on social media. Effective CSR strategies can strengthen brand identity and build positive consumer engagement, supporting loyalty and advocacy. This study expands knowledge on CSR communication within the banking sector and offers practical insights into social media strategies.
Study on material J-C parameter fitting and cushioning characteristics of 2A12 aluminum honeycomb sandwich under impact environment
Authors: Mao Lijun , Zhao Wei , He Ju , Pang Zhaojun , Du Zhonghua
Published: January 2025

To address the negative impact of excessive impact forces during the penetration of space debris by harpoon attachment devices, causing damage to rear electronic components, research has been conducted on the buffering and energy absorption effects of 2A12 aluminum honeycomb. A simulation model for aluminum honeycomb impact crushing was established through 2A12 aluminum alloy quasi-static tests, SHPB dynamic compression tests, and 2A12 aluminum honeycomb quasi-static compression tests. The study investigated the effect of aluminum honeycomb on impact response accelerations in harpoon attachment device impact tests. The research results show that at launch velocities of 29.2 m/s and 29.6 m/s, the peak impact response accelerations were 866.56 g and 880.75 g respectively, with simulation results of 841.31 g and 868.29 g, indicating small errors of 2.91% and 1.41% respectively, verifying the correctness of the impact crushing simulation model. Further simulation analysis showed that the peak impact response accelerations without aluminum honeycomb buffering were 1549.21 g and 1588.14 g respectively. Compared with test results with aluminum honeycomb buffering, the peak impact response accelerations decreased by 682.65 g and 707.39 g respectively; compared with simulation results with buffering, the peak impact response accelerations decreased by 707.9 g and 719.85 g respectively. This demonstrates that using 2A12 aluminum honeycomb as a buffering structure for harpoon attachment devices effectively enhances energy absorption.
Wearable smart textiles for mood regulation: A critical review of emerging technologies and their psychological impacts
Authors: Dejene Bekinew Kitaw
Published: January 2025

Mood fluctuations, influenced by factors such as workplace stress, academic pressure, and interpersonal relationships, can significantly affect mental health and decision making. Effective mood regulation is essential for maintaining psychological well-being, especially during critical developmental phases such as adolescence. Traditional mood management methods often rely on personal willpower and subjective techniques, which can be inadequate in high stress situations. Recent advancements in wearable technology, particularly in the field of smart textiles, have led to continuous and objective mood regulation. This review explores the integration of wearable smart textiles with mood regulation, focusing on emerging technologies that incorporate psychological principles into fabric designs. It examines various wearable textiles equipped with sensors, actuators, and biofeedback mechanisms that monitor physiological indicators related to mood, such as the heart rate and skin conductivity. These technologies not only provide real-time feedback but also offer interactive elements, such as temperature regulation, light modulation, and tactile feedback, allowing users to actively engage with their emotional states. In addition, the integration of mobile applications allows users to track mood patterns and identify emotional triggers, thereby enhancing their self-awareness. In the end, through a synthesis of the current research, this review discusses the psychological impacts of these wearables, including their efficacy in stress reduction, anxiety management, and overall emotional resilience. It also highlights the challenges and future research directions in the realm of wearable mood regulation.
Optimizing core yarn twist levels for enhanced mechanical properties of aramid-wrapped yarns and fabrics
Authors: Jiang Yuhao , Peng Kun , Wang Yu , Xie Jiaqi , Lu Xin , Zhang Peng , Fu Yaqin
Published: January 2025

This study addresses the issue of low surface energy of aramid fibers and their fabrics and aims to enhance their mechanical properties including tensile strength and impact resistance. Using the hollow spindle spinning method, aramid fiber bundles are employed as the core yarns with varying twist levels and nylon fibers are used as the wrapping yarns to create the nylon/aramid-wrapped yarns, which are then woven into the nylon/aramid fabrics. The investigation focuses on the effect of core yarn twist levels on the mechanical properties of the yarns and fabrics. Experimental results reveal that applying an appropriate core yarn twist can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the yarns and fabrics. Specifically, with the optimized the core yarn twist of 80 turns per meter (tpm) the tensile and hook strengths of the wrapped yarns reach 3.3 GPa and 1.2 N/Tex, respectively which are about 20.6% and 21.7% increase as compared to the untwisted yarns. Similarly, the plain-woven fabric consisting of the 80 tpm yarns achieves a tensile strength of 2577.9 N/cm, a pull-out force of 160.2 N, and an absorbed energy per unit volume of 436.5 KJ/m3 which are about 20.0%, 31.4% and 30.1% improvement, respectively as compared to the fabrics with the untwisted yarns. Additionally, the optimized fabric presents a 28.4% increase in the energy absorption efficiency and significant enhancement in abrasion resistance. These findings offer valuable insights for the potential applications of the nylon/aramid-wrapped yarns for developing personal protective fabrics and products.
Mapping Trajectories of Gait Recovery in Clinical Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Felius Richard A. W. , Punt Michiel , Wouda Natasja C. , Geerars Marieke , Bruijn Sjoerd M. , Wittink Harriet , van Dieën Jaap H.
Published: January 2025

Background

How gait changes during the early stages of stoke rehabilitation, and which patient characteristics are associated with these changes is still largely unknown.

Objective

he first objective was to describe the changes in gait during stroke rehabilitation. Secondly, we determined how various patient characteristics were associated with the rate of change of gait over time.

Methods

Participants were measured every 3 weeks during stroke rehabilitation. The assessment consisted of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) based 2-minute walk test (2MWT), 3 IMU-based balance tests, and standard clinical tests. In the 2MWT, participants were equipped with 3 IMUs, from which speed, variability, asymmetry, and smoothness were calculated. The changes in gait were examined from admission to discharge at an individual level. The effect of patient characteristics on the rate of change of the gait features over time was assessed with growth models.

Results

A total of 81 Trajectories from 72 participants were analyzed. On an individual basis, speed increased in 32 trajectories. Only a few trajectories exhibited significant changes in variability, asymmetry, and smoothness over the clinical rehabilitation period. The growth models revealed a significant increase in speed and decrease in variability and smoothness. Only the Berg Balance Scale and gait speed at onset were (negatively) associated with the rates of change of speed and smoothness, respectively.

Conclusion

We found a substantial variability in the gait-feature outcomes and their progression in individuals after stroke during clinical rehabilitation. The patient characteristics studied had limited associations with the rate of change of gait features over time.
Improving recruitment and retention of people with Parkinson's disease to clinical studies: A scoping review
Authors: Petty Rebecca , Agarwal Veena , Allison Jennifer , Bartolomeu-Pires Sandra , Bartlett Michèle , Boey Timothy , Croucher Rebecca , Collins Helen , Collins Sally , Davies Emma , Duffen Joy , Ellis-Doyle Romy , Gonzalez-Robles Cristina , Inches Jemma , Mills Georgia , Wonnacott Sheila , Foltynie Thomas , Allgar Victoria , Thompson Tom , Carroll Camille B. , Mullin Stephen , Louise-Zeissler Marie ,   on behalf of the EJS ACT-PD Consortium
Published: January 2025

Background

Timely recruitment and effective retention of participants are challenging for clinical Parkinson's disease (PD) research studies. Not achieving this can affect delivery costs and bias results.

Objective

To identify successful recruitment and retention methodologies for clinical research studies in PD.

Methods

We conducted a systematic scoping review using a Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome and Study design (PICOS) framework to search and screen literature within five databases for published quantitative and mixed methods studies evaluating recruitment and retention strategies of interventional and observational trials in PD.

Results

Searches identified 4608 records, of which six papers covering eight studies were included in the review following screening for eligibility. No papers on retention strategies were found that met eligibility criteria. Effective strategies for rapid recruitment included research registries and trial finders (n = 3), digital marketing campaigns (n = 3), site recruitment support (n = 1) and multiple referral sources (n = 1). Recruitment diversity was increased by online campaigns, mandatory 10% minority targets set by funders and supplemental site funding.

Conclusions

This scoping review has identified methods that can be used to increase the rate and diversity of recruitment to PD clinical studies. Retention methodologies are under-researched.
The Driving Factors and Improvement Paths of CTI Integration: Based on the Spatial Dubin Model and fsQCA Method
Authors: Liu Rongrong , Jiang Jinbo
Published: January 2025

Although previous studies have explored the factors influencing cultural and tourism industry (CTI) integration, few have investigated them from a spatial and configuration perspective. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2012 to 2019, the article discusses the driving factors and enhancement paths of the level of CTI integration using the spatial Durbin model (SDM) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The results show that: (1) Technological innovation, consumer demand, and policy support have significant direct driving effects on CTI integration, and transportation infrastructure has a significant inhibitory effect. Market supply, transportation infrastructure, and human capital show significant spillover effects. (2) There are four paths to improve the integration level of CTI. (3) Technological innovation, market supply, and policy support perform more critical parts in CTI integration. This paper not only expands the research perspective on the driving factors of CTI integration but also applies two complementary research methods.
Teachers’ Perceptions of Key Features of Community-Based Work Experiences
Authors: Rooney-Kron Magen , Brenner Nieto Hannah , Malouf Emily T. , Whittenburg Holly , Taylor Josh
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to understand transition educators’ perceptions of key features of community-based work experiences (CBWEs) that facilitate growth for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). We interviewed 20 transition educators who planned and implemented CBWEs for transition-aged youth with IDD within the last 5 years. We used thematic analysis procedures to identify key features of CBWEs that facilitated growth for students with IDD. Transition educators identified four key features of CBWEs including (a) meaningful work experiences, (b) instruction, (c) support networks, and (d) high expectations. We discuss the implications of our findings related to transition educators’ planning and implementation of CBWEs for students with IDD as well as additional research that is needed to better understand how to provide high-quality CBWEs that prepare students with IDD for competitive, integrated employment.
A Case Report of Cryoneurolysis With Factor VIII Administration for Cerebral Palsy-related Spasticity in a Patient With Hemophilia A
Authors: Mumby Griffin , Schatz Laura , Claridge Everett , Hashemi Mahdis , Winston Paul
Published: January 2025

Spasticity affects up to 80% of individuals with cerebral palsy and can lead to pain and difficulties with performing activities of daily living. If left untreated, spasticity can progress to contracture and neuro-orthopedic deformities. Cryoneurolysis is an emerging and mini-invasive ultrasound-guided technique that causes secondary axonotmesis of peripheral nerves through the formation of an ice ball and may result in months to years of improved range of motion and reduced pain in patients with spasticity. However, the safety of cryoneurolysis has not yet been established in patients with an increased bleeding risk secondary to Hemophilia A. We present a case of cryoneurolysis for cerebral palsy-related spasticity in a 14-year-old male with hemophilia A who previously had minimal benefit from botulinum toxin for increased elbow and wrist flexor tone with contracture. Fifteen minutes prior to cryoneurolysis, an IV infusion of 2000 IU of recombinant antihemophilic factor (FVIII) was administered for bleeding prophylaxis. Targets were identified with ultrasound guidance and nerve stimulation and cryoneurolysis was performed without bleeding complications or adverse events. There was an immediate improvement in tone and range of motion that was maintained at 3- and 8-month follow-ups with reported increased left arm function. This case suggests that cryoneurolysis is an effective mini-invasive procedure for spasticity that improves tone and range of motion and is safe for use in patients with Hemophilia A who receive adequate Factor VIII prophylaxis.
Blood absolute lymphocyte count and trajectory are important in understanding severe COVID-19
Authors: Paules Catharine I. , Nordwall Jacqueline A. , Shaw-Saliba Kathryn , Aberg Judith A. , Gardner Edward M. , Goodman Anna L. , Kumarasamy N. , Vasudeva Shikha , Vock David M. , North Crystal M. , Lundgren Jens , Aggarwal Neil R. ,   for the STRIVE Network and TICO Trial Study Group
Published: January 2025

Background

Low blood absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) may predict severe COVID-19 outcomes. Knowledge gaps remain regarding the relationship of ALC trajectory with clinical outcomes and factors associated with lymphopenia.

Methods

Our post hoc analysis of the Therapeutics for Inpatients with COVID-19 platform trial utilized proportional hazards models to assess relationships between Day (D) 0 lymphopenia (ALC < 0.9 cells/uL), D0 severe lymphopenia (ALC < 0.5 cells/uL) or lymphopenia trajectory between D0 and D5 with mortality and secondary infections, and with sustained recovery using Fine-Gray models. Logistic regression was used to assess relationships between clinical variables and D0 lymphopenia or lymphopenia trajectory.

Results

D0 lymphopenia (1426/2579) and severe lymphopenia (636/2579) were associated with increased mortality (aHR 1.48; 1.08, 2.05, p = 0.016 and aHR 1.60; 1.20, 2.14, p = 0.001) and decreased recovery (aRRR 0.90; 0.82, 0.99, p = 0.033 and aRRR 0.78; 0.70, 0.87, p < 0.001 respectively). Trial participants with persistent D5 lymphopenia had increased mortality, and increased secondary infections, and participants with persistent or new lymphopenia had impaired recovery, as compared to participants with no lymphopenia. Persistent and new lymphopenia were associated with older age, male sex; prior immunosuppression, heart failure, aspirin use, and normal body mass index; biomarkers of organ damage (renal and lung), and ineffective immune response (elevated IL-6 and viral nucleocapsid antigen levels). Similar results were observed with severe lymphopenia.

Conclusions

Lymphopenia was predictive of severe COVID-19 outcomes, particularly when persistent or new during hospitalization. A better understanding of the underlying risk factors for lymphopenia will help illuminate disease pathogenesis and guide management strategies.
Occupational exposures and coronary heart disease in the Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS) – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Labe Franziska , Twerenbold Raphael , Toprak Betül , Koch Peter , Zyriax Birgit-Christiane , Affolderbach Sarah , Damerau Lukas , Hoven Hanno , Zeeb Hajo , Herold Robert , Harth Volker
Published: January 2025

Background

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death among adults in Germany. There is evidence that occupational exposure to particulate matter, noise, psychosocial stressors, shift work and high physical workload are associated with CHD. The aim of this study is to identify occupations that are associated with CHD and to elaborate on occupational exposures associated with CHD by using the job exposure matrix (JEM) BAuA-JEM ETB 2018 in a German study population.

Methods

Cross-sectional data from 8,070 participants, members of the first sub-cohort of the Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), was used. To classify occupations, we rely on standard occupational titles (ISCO-08). The level of exposure is assigned to each job using a JEM. CHD is measured by self-reported diagnosis. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated. Using logistic regression, the association of CHD and standard occupation titles via ISCO-08 and the association of CHD and occupational exposures via JEM were calculated and adjusted for potentially confounding covariates. Multiple imputations with chained equations (MICEs) were applied for missing values. Sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results

The CHD prevalence in the study population was 4.6% (95% CI 4.2–5.1). Occupations associated with CHD were Physical and Engineering Science Technicians, Other Health Associate Professionals, General Office Clerks, Secretaries (general), Material Recording and Transport Clerks, Hairdressers, Beauticians and Related Workers, Electronics and Telecommunications Installers and Repairers, Other Craft and Related Workers, Car, Van and Motorcycle Drivers, Mobile Plant Operators and Domestic, Hotel and Office Cleaners and Helpers. Among occupational exposures retrieved from the JEM, Environmental Demands showed an association with CHD in the crude model but not after adjustment. The results remained robust in sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions

This study is the first to assess the association of a wide range of occupations and occupational exposures with CHD in a German study population. We found no association between occupational exposures and CHD after adjustment, but 11 occupations associated with CHD were identified. The results are limited by cross-sectional design, healthy worker effect (HWE), and small group sizes. Further studies with a larger sample and longitudinal design containing data on occupational history, occupational exposures and time of CHD diagnosis are needed.
Use of virtual reality to remotely train healthcare professionals in paediatric emergency tracheostomy skills: protocol for a multi-centre, non-inferiority educational interventional study with historical controls
Authors: Abbas Jonathan R. , Younis Noorulanne , Johnstone Emily , Rajai Azita , Isba Rachel , Payton Antony , McGrath Brendan A. , Tolley Neil , Bruce Iain A.
Published: January 2025

Background

The insertion of a tracheostomy is an established technique used to wean patients off ventilatory support, manage secretions in complex conditions, and as a potentially life-saving procedure to bypass upper airway obstruction. Life-threatening complications during aftercare are not uncommon and may be influenced by a lack of education of carers or healthcare providers of children and young people living with a tracheostomy. Education programmes designed and supported by the National Tracheostomy Safety Project are effective, but resources are not available to educate the workforce at scale. With the overarching aim of widening access to paediatric tracheostomy skills training, we present the protocol for the development and evaluation of a novel virtual reality (VR) training tool designed to simulate the emergency management of paediatric tracheostomy complications.

Methods and discussion

A multi-centre, non-inferiority educational interventional study with historical controls will be used to evaluate the novel VR training package. A group of 69 healthcare staff and students will have one week to use the educational intervention as often as necessary to learn paediatric emergency tracheostomy skills. The primary outcome measure is skill performance in simulation in a pre- and post-intervention structure within subjects. Participant performance will also be assessed using non-inferiority metrics against historical traditional educational control data. Secondary outcomes include knowledge gain, knowledge retention, usability, side effects, and participant satisfaction. To minimise the risk of cybersickness, teleportation was the preferred locomotion method for the user navigation within the VR environment.

Trial registration

Full registration of this study was completed at ClinicalTrials.gov. The registration number is NCT06350708 and was accepted on the 4th April 2024.
22 months follow-up of deep marginal acquisition with thermacut bur in management of deep subgingival interproximal carious lesions: a case report
Authors: Elmorsy Ahmed Khairy , Ibrahim Shereen Hafez , El-Nahass Hani Mohamed Essam , Zohairy Ahmed El
Published: January 2025

Background

Minimally invasive dentistry is now becoming the forefront of restorative dentistry, involving less traumatic treatment protocols, conservation of tooth structure and surrounding tissues, enhancing the long-term survivability of treated teeth, and improving the overall quality of life for patients.

Objective

The current case report was conducted to evaluate acquiring deep subgingival interproximal carious lesions by the mean of thermacut bur gingivectomy, in terms of patient satisfaction through pain evaluation, Bleeding on Probing, Pocket Depth, Crestal Bone Level evaluation, and restoration evaluation using modified USPHS criteria.

Material and methods

A patient with a deep proximal cavity in the posterior tooth was thoroughly examined and underwent Thermacut Bur Gingivectomy (TBG) after caries removal followed by direct resin composite restoration of the prepared cavity. Patient Satisfaction using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) as a primary outcome. Bleeding on Probing (BoP), Probing Depth (PD), and Crestal Bone Level (CBL) as secondary outcomes, and Marginal Integrity using Modified USPHS Criteria as a tertiary outcome, were evaluated at the baseline, immediate post-operative, 6 month, 12 month and 22 month follow-up intervals.

Results

Thermacut bur gingivectomy revealed minimal immediate post-operative pain, minimal time-consuming procedure, minimal (BoP), appropriate (PD) and no need for extra specialty involvement in the treatment of deep interproximal carious lesions in addition to preservation of the alveolar bone crest with excellent restoration margin at different time intervals.

Conclusions

Thermacut bur gingivectomy can be considered a valid treatment for managing of deep subgingival interproximal carious lesions in vital teeth. Thermacut bur gingivectomy can be introduced as an easy technique for clinicians in the management of deep subgingival interproximal carious lesions, without the need to refer patients to periodontists and without the need for special devices.
Effects of tongue tamers and customized bonded spurs as an early treatment of anterior open bite: a randomized clinical study
Authors: Alawy Safa B. , EL-Desouky Shaimaa S. , Kabbash Ibrahim A. , Hadwa Shimaa M.
Published: January 2025

Background

Anterior open bite is a challenging condition for pediatric dentists and orthodontists as it causes aesthetic, speech, feeding, and psychological problems; this emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and interception of this malocclusion.

Aim

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of prefabricated metal-bonded tongue tamers and customized bonded spurs in the early treatment of anterior open bite.

Materials and methods

A sample of seventy-five children aged 7–9 years were assigned into three groups in which anterior open bite was treated using tongue tamers (group-I), customized composite bonded spurs(group-II), and conventional fixed palatal cribs (group-III). Study model and cephalometric x-ray evaluations were done before and after a three-month follow-up. Data was gathered and statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni tests.

Results

Model overbite at central and lateral incisors was increased in all groups. The highest increase was found in group-I(3.16 ± 1.17, 2.81 ± 0.94)and group-III(3.08 ± 1.10,2.99 ± 1.00) though the difference was not statistically significant. Also, cephalometric overbite was non-significantly increased in all groups with a high increase in group-III(3.13 ± 1.10). Overjet decreased in all groups, with the greatest reduction observed in group-I(-2.58 ± 1.02 and -2.47 ± 0.80 in model and cephalometric respectively) and was significantly different from group-II using pairwise analysis. There was a decrease in SNA and ANB in all groups with more significant improvement in groups-I(-1.20 ± 0.88,-1.65 ± 0.74) and -III(-1.31 ± 0.92, -1.62 ± 0.75) than group-II(-0.63 ± 0.46, -0.90 ± 0.43). Moreover, FMA measurements decreased significantly in group-I (-2.6 ± 1.11). Regarding SNB measurement, there was a non-significant increase in all three groups with the highest increase in group-I(0.49 ± 0.48) followed by group-III(0.34 ± 0.63). The U1/FHP and L1/GoGn angles were non-significantly decreased in all tested groups with the highest decrease in group-I(-1.76 ± 1.00 and-2.54 ± 0.87 respectively).

Conclusion

Early treatment of anterior open bite, along with tongue tamers' simplicity and aesthetics promoted the malocclusion correction and occlusal function restoration.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05792553, “Effects of Tongue Tamers as an Early Treatment of Anterior Open Bite”, Retrospectively registered: 31/03/2023.