bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study the Potential of Biological Growth on Dead-end Hollow Fiber Membrane using Oilfield Effluent
Authors: Balushi Noura Ali Al , Rashdi Shabib Al , Saadi Shima Al , Rizwan Syed M
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Oil and gas-producing countries are suffering from water resource depletion without any treatment or with technologies that have the same impact, regardless of how expensive or large a land area required. On the other hand, domestic wastewater also has many treatment technologies, and biological full cell is one of them. Using an end-of-tube hollow fiber membrane in domestic wastewater allows biological microorganisms to grout and treat the water, whereas using oil-filled water has not been studied so far. This study addresses the potential of biological growth on two different types of dead-end hollow fiber membranes by using three samples of oilfield water i.e., Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactor OxyMem and MEMCOR® Ultrafiltration. The Membrane Bioreactor Systems are selected for the current studies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to show the biological growth on selected types of membrane to treat the oilfield wastewater. As a result, the growth in OxyMem is better which is 54% of COD removal and 55% NT removal for 55 days, whereas MEMCOR shows comparatively less growth in SEM results with 33% of COD removal and 9% NT removal during the same period. Therefore, this confirms that both types of membranes can be used to treat oilfield water in biological cells and noticed a better performance in OxyMem compared to MEMCOR.
Isomorphism Between Two Vector General Fuzzy Automata
Authors: Shamsizadeh Marzieh , Movahednia Ehsan , De la Sen Manuel
Published: March 2023

In this paper, at first, we define the notion of general fuzzy automaton over a field; we call this automaton vector general fuzzy automaton (VGFA). Moreover, we present the concept of max-min vector general fuzzy automaton. We show that if two max-min VGFA are similar, they constitute an isomorphism. After that, we prove that if two VGFA constitute an isomorphism with threshold α, they are equivalent with threshold α, where $\alpha \in [0,1]$. Also, some examples are given to clarify these new notions.
“Apostles of the Liberalmarxism”: Framing of the “Left” in the Right-wing Lithuanian Discourse
Authors: Jonutis Karolis , Davidavičius Algirdas
Published: March 2023

Although it is often argued that left/right distinction in modern politics doesn’t matter anymore, yet public discourse is still full of references addressed to ideologically named opponents. The aim of this paper is to analyze how conception of left-wing ideology (its characteristics and contextualization) in Lithuanian public right-wing discourse is constructed to form coherent discourse of imaginary left. Ervin Goffman’s and Marvin Minsky’s frame analysis theoretical perspective is used to analyze framing of left-wing discourse in three levels: meta-, mezzo- and micro-. Discourse analysis method is used in research.
Evaluation of optimum thawing temperature of the cell associated HVT+SB-1 bivalent vaccine
Authors: Murthy TA Sridhara , BM Veeregowda , VVS Suryanarayana , SM Byregowda , D Rathnamma , Rao Suguna , ML Sathyanarayana
Published: March 2023

The present study reports the determination of optimum thawing temperature and holding period of the Mareks Disease (MD) cell associated vaccine after reconstitution by plaque assay. The highest titre of MD HVT+SB-1 bivalent vaccine was obtained at the thawing temperature of 35°C for 45 sec followed by 26°C for 45 sec, 20°C for 60 sec and 40°C at 45 sec; when the vaccine was held on ice after reconstitution. The difference in virus titre among 30, 90 and 120 min holding period at 26°C and 35°C thawing for 45 sec was significant (P≤0.001). However the variation in titre between 30 and 90 min holding period was not significant for thawing temperatures of 20°C and 40°C (P>0.05). No plaques were seen when the bivalent HVT+SB-1 vaccine was thawed at 45°C for 45 sec. The titre obtained at 40°C was extremely low after a holding period of 120 min. After thawing at 35°C for 45 sec and when the reconstituted vaccine was held at RT, there was a drastic reduction in virus titre by 120 min. The study revealed that thawing at 20°C and 40°C for 45 sec would severely lower the titre of HVT+SB-1 vaccine. The complete loss of virus titre was seen at thawing temperature of 45°C for 45 sec. The study reasserts the importance of maintaining the cold chain, appropriate thawing temperature and holding period after reconstitution of HVT+SB-1, a cell associated MD vaccine in maintaining the requisite PFU/dose of vaccine.
Rehabilitation in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive - experience Report
Authors: Rocha da Costa Thadeu , Helfenstein Thomas , Oliveira Amaral Ana Alice
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva causes gradual limitation of joint range of motion by heterotopic osteogenesis in various connective tissue structures. It is a rare autosomal dominant disease and is correlated with the presence of congenital malformation of the bilateral hallux valgus, presence of ossification that appears spontaneously or precipitated by trauma. Method: The search for the respective titles for FOP and Rehabilitation via a bibliographic review in the Pubmed database, the titles and abstracts were discriminated when they did not bring in their content the treatment of this disease. Results and Discussion: The 9-year-old patient comes with complaints of pain in the joints of the shoulders, elbows, cervical and thoracic spine. Slow walking, structural deformities in the axial axis of the cervico-thoracic spine, decreased shoulder abduction up to 15°, limited elbow flexion and extension. The FOP treatment strategy is a comprehensive program of activities to prevent the myriad possibilities of trauma, from avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures, injections and even biopsies. Dry needling or acupuncture techniques are always contraindicated. Hydrotherapy turns out to be another useful tool in the process of preventing and relieving injuries, contributing to physical conditioning in a safe environment with low impact and cardiopulmonary performance. From the clinical observations, there will be indication of orthoses, auxiliary means for locomotion or adapted wheelchairs. Devices with voice command facilitate some daily activities, encouraging music therapy, dance or theater also favors the well-being of these patients. Conclusion: The disease has some striking characteristics that favor early diagnosis. Injury prevention, medical management of acute painful flare-ups, and rehabilitation are pillars of treatment. There is still no curative treatment, however, the determination of a therapeutic plan prevents future trauma and can guarantee an adequate prognosis even though it is difficult and full of functional limitations for patients.
The population at low risk of atherothrombotic disease
Authors: Feeman Jr William E
Published: March 2023

Background: There are two approaches to the determination of the population at risk of atherothrombotic disease: the herd approach and the targeted approach. In the former scenario, all people are treated, usually with lifestyle changes, but also with medications at times. In the latter scenario, only those deemed at risk of atherothrombotic disease are treated. The author has always favored the latter approach, but for the target approach to be effective, one must know the population at low risk of atherthrombotic disease. Objectives: The purpose of this manuscript is to demonstrate that the population at low risk of atherothrombotic disease can be readily identified and needless treatment can be avoided. Methods: The author has conducted a chart review of his family practice patients roster and separated out the cohort of those who developed some form of atherothrombtic disease from the general population cohort. Results: The author has shown that three major risk factors for atherothrombotic disease can accurately define the population at low risk of atherothrombotic disease: no use of cigarettes, lack of dyslipidemia, and lack of hypertension. Dyslipidemia is defined in terms of the Cholesterol retention Fraction, defined as the difference between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, that difference divided by the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but also whenever low-density lipoprotein cholesterol exceeds 170mg/dl. Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140mmHG or higher or any blood pressure that is being treated. Additionally, the author has shown that in the absence of these three major risk factors, the presence of diabetes mellitus is not associated with early onset atherothrombotic disease. Conclusions: People who do not manifest the three major risk factors for atherothrombotic disease (cigarette smoking, dyslipidemia, and hypertension)are not at risk of early or middle-age onset atherothrombotic disease. Such people do not require therapy though the high blood sugar levels of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus will require treatment to prevent microvascular disease.
Prevalence and genetic characteristics of fusidic acid resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates: Emergence of t030 strains carrying fusB in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Goudarzi Mehdi , Seyedjavadi Simasadat , Bagheri Parmida , Dadashi Masoud , Nasiri Mohammad Javad
Published: March 2023

The literature on fusidic acid resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains is scarce in Iran, although the emergence of these strains in health care settings is increasing. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 68 fusidic acid resistant S. aureus strains to learn about the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of strains isolated from hospitalized patients. In the present study, the prevalence of resistance to fusidic acid in S. aureus isolates was 15.1%. Fusidic acid resistance determinative factors (fusB, fusC and fusD) were identified by multiplex PCR assay. To detect the existence of fusA and fusE determinants and their mutation status, amplifications and sequencing were performed. Molecular characterization of fusidic acid resistant isolates was investigated by SCCmec and spa typing methods. All strains were MRSA and multi drug resistant. Two (2.9%) and 31 (45.6%) isolates were resistant to vancomycin and mupirocin respectively. The SCCmec type IV was highly prevalent representing 50% followed by types III (51.5%), and SCCmec types II (13.2%). fusB, was the most predominant acquired gene (66.2%) followed by fusC (19.1%), and fusA (14.7%). The mutations in fusA were present in 10 isolates with 5 (50%) having L461K mutation showing fusidic acid MIC values of ≥256 μg ml−1 followed by H457Y (40%), and H457Q (10%) showing fusidic acid MIC values of 128 and 64 μg ml−1 respectively. Isolates were allocated to ten particular t030 (22.1%), t037 (14.6%), t408 (11.8%), t064 (11.8%), t008 (10.3%), t002 (8.8%), t005 (5.9%), t790 (5.9%), t318 (4.4%), and t018 (4.4%) spa types. fusA positive isolates were assigned to particular spa types t002 (60%), and t005 (40%). There may be be a spreading of fusidic acid resistance among MRSA, creating worrying public concern. This research notes the importance of adequate data of local prevalence of FA-resistant MRSA in Iran for taking appropriate measures to treat, control and reduce the incidence of these isolates.
A importância da educação financeira para empreendedores
Authors: Dias Valéria Maria Souza , Figuêredo José Evandro Da Silva
Published: March 2023

O seguinte estudo mostra que o empreendedorismo é um dos meios de empregabilidade no Brasil, sendo a principal fonte de crescimento da economia. Entretanto, para que as empresas tenham uma boa gestão financeira é necessário que os integrantes tenham conhecimentos básicos sobre educação financeira. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi mostrar o quanto é importante a educação financeira para os empreendedores, fazendo um estudo sobre os perfis dos empreendedores brasileiros, como a escolaridade e a faixa etária tem influência em sua educação. Para isso foi utilizada a metodologia de estudos bibliográficos que teve como base a utilização de artigos científicos, livros físicos/virtuais e sites do governo. Essa busca teve como resultado a identificação de vários artigos científicos abordando a temática da educação financeira de várias formas, os quais foram publicados entre os anos de 2016 e 2021, constituindo-se, assim, em uma densa pesquisa de revisão de literatura. Com este estudo percebe-se que a educação financeira é um tema muito discutido na sociedade e tem gerado diversos projetos em políticas públicas e na iniciativa privada. Como também a produção de aplicativos e sistemas inovadores que têm auxiliado novos e futuros empreendedores no sucesso de seu negócio.
Inovação social: o caso de uma incubadora de negócios sociais
Authors: Casagrande Jacir Leonir , Junges Ivone , Machado Sibeli Cardoso Borba , Grando Vanessa Dos Santos
Published: March 2023

Esta pesquisa analisa as práticas de uma incubadora de negócios sociais caracterizadas como inovações sociais. Utilizou-se a metodologia de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva e, como estratégia de pesquisa, o estudo de caso de uma organização da sociedade civil catarinense. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e observação participante. Os dados foram analisados a partir da análise de conteúdo e triangulação de dados dos incubados e colaboradores da incubadora. O estudo apontou que as práticas dos atores organizacionais são ações voltadas ao atendimento das demandas sociais e econômicas da sociedade, e que os projetos estimulam ações de inovação social voltadas à inclusão, empoderamento e resolução de problemas sociais através de parcerias.
Uso da programação linear em micros e pequenas empresas: auxílio à tomada de decisão em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Gonçalves Verana Maria Fornaciari , Santos Diego Vieira dos , Rocha Alessandro Roberto , Zatta Fernando Nascimento , Gonçalves Wellington
Published: March 2023

As tendências e condições de mercado têm impulsionado necessidade de posturas ágeis e, em alguns momentos, audaciosas por parte da gestão de operações das Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPE’s). Por isso, deve haver uma concentração mais acurada e efetiva na análise e interpretação de dados gerenciais e de produção. Considerando esse contexto, este trabalho propôs uma solução sob a forma de modelo matemático de Linear Programming (LP) que auxilia o contexto gerencial das MPE’s. Os resultados permitem além de subsídios para decisões, parametrizar a solução para necessidades cotidianas. Outra contribuição prática deste trabalho é o modelo LINGO desenvolvido, o qual considera a realidade, características e adaptações às mudanças do mercado.
ANÁLISE DOS PRINCIPAIS INDICADORES CONTÁBEIS E FINANCEIROS: ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE A ORGANIZAÇÃO MAGAZINE LUIZA (2019-2020)
Authors: Oliveira Maryanne Do Carmo Silva , Freitas Samira Keller de , Guimarães Aucione A. Barros
Published: March 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar uma forma de colaborar para o crescimento e conhecimento de uma empresa do setor varejista, através da análise dos Demonstrativos Contábeis da Magazine Luiza S/A nos anos de 2019 e 2020. Para isso, foi utilizada a análise vertical e horizontal do Balanço Patrimonial e da Demonstração de Resultado referente aos exercícios de 2019 e 2020, por serem os anos mais recentes e por possibilitar a comparação da variação causada pela pandemia do Covid-19. O estudo apresentado justifica-se em analisar e determinar a situação econômica da empresa, apontando também as variações de todo o cenário atual no período da análise. Com o intuito de atingir o objetivo da pesquisa, aborda-se o método de pesquisa bibliográfica, revisando outros autores que já utilizaram essas aplicações. Para o seu desenvolvimento, utilizou-se a pesquisa descritiva. Os indicadores apontam que a empresa se manteve estável e em crescimento diante de uma pandemia mundial que muito influenciou nas atividades econômicas durante o ano de 2020.
Elementos colaborativos na cadeia de suprimentos de um laticínio na região Amazônica
Authors: Ribeiro Thuylla Gomes , Vivaldini Mauro
Published: March 2023

Pesquisas tem sinalizado a falta de requisitos capazes de orientar as organizações a alcançarem níveis de colaboração mais alto em suas cadeias de suprimentos (CS), possivelmente pelo fato de que as empresas tenham uma compreensão inadequada dos elementos colaborativos na CS. Nesta linha, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a existência de elementos colaborativos de um laticínio situado no estado de Rondônia, pesquisando as relações entre os agentes que compõem sua CS. A pesquisa classifica os elementos colaborativos analisando-os com os discursos dos agentes da cadeia do laticínio. Como contribuição é possível destacar que a colaboração é entendida de forma isolada em cada um dos agentes da cadeia. É preciso que os elementos em cada grupo sejam percebidos pelos agentes, entretanto essa percepção isolada dos demais pode apenas representar uma percepção de um processo, de uma atividade que não caracteriza o alinhamento necessário em toda a cadeia para que a colaboração possa ser caracterizada.
Lições aprendidas baseadas em mudanças em projetos e seus impactos na aprendizagem organizacional: um survey com gestores de projetos
Authors: Lima Guilherme Pereira , Ziviani Fabricio
Published: March 2023

As mudanças em projetos são comuns e podem ser ao mesmo tempo problemáticas e fontes de lições preciosas. Para explorar em que medida ocorre o aproveitamento das lições aprendidas baseadas em mudanças em projetos na aprendizagem organizacional, foram utilizados métodos qualitativos e quantitativos como mapeamento bibliométrico, aplicação de survey e modelagem de equações estruturais. Constatou-se que o aproveitamento destas na aprendizagem organizacional é incipiente. Adicionalmente, constatou-se que as ferramentas “solicitação de mudança no projeto” e “gestão da mudança” produzem impactos positivos na geração e registro de novos conhecimentos, são práticas frequentes, e que a “gestão da mudança” influencia timidamente a aprendizagem organizacional. Ao participar da pesquisa quantitativa, os 139 respondentes de 11 países colaboraram para a elaboração de um conjunto de recomendações que possuem estatisticamente potencial de influenciar de forma positiva a aprendizagem organizacional, dentre elas a institucionalização de um novo papel para a “solicitação de mudança do projeto”: uma ferramenta de geração de conhecimentos.
Impact of Window Design on Dynamic Daylight Performance in an Office Building in Iran
Authors:   Department of Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran, Farivar Shiva , Teimourtash Shabnam ,   Department of Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Published: March 2023

Window design affects the building's appearance. Besides, it has a significant impact on daylight performance and the visual comfort of interior spaces. Therefore, choosing the shape and position of windows can be a challenge for architects. This research aims to investigate the impact of window design on dynamic daylight performance to enhance visual comfort. The research examines five common window shapes that are located in two different positions on the southern-facing side. The most common dynamic daylight metrics of LEED v4.1 were used to investigate the spatial daylight autonomy (sDA), and annual sunlight exposure (ASE). Furthermore, useful daylight illuminance (UDI) was considered a complementary approach to assess useful daylight levels. The metrics are examined in three cities including Mashhad, Isfahan, and Bandar Abbas, which are located in the northeast, center, and south of Iran, respectively. Thirty simulations in each city are conducted by Grasshopper Graphical editor as a parametric interface and its plugins, ladybug, and honeybee for dynamic daylight analysis. The results emphasize that window design has a significant impact on dynamic daylight performance. The square window meets the LEED needs in three cities by achieving maximum sDA and minimum ASE by up to 68.8% and 20% in both positions, respectively. Moreover, the centrally positioned square window presents the lowest ASE level of 14.4% among other cases. However, the windows in a higher position, especially horizontal windows obtain the highest values of sDA, UDI, and ASE by up to 77%, 59%, and 30%, respectively. Therefore, the ASE rates deteriorate by increasing the sill height and head height of windows. This paper can provide window design recommendations based on the comparison of dynamic daylight metrics for five common window shapes.
‘Poetry does not deserve evil keepers’
Authors: Careless Eleanor , Sparrow Vicky
Published: March 2023

An introduction to the Anna Mendelssohn special issue of the Journal of British and Irish Innovative Poetry. This collection is based on the proceedings of the Anna Mendelssohn Symposium, held at the University of Sussex in February 2017. The symposium took as its epigraph the title of a Mendelssohn poem: ‘Poetry does not deserve evil keepers’. This title sets down a challenge for readers and critics of Mendelssohn’s work, compelling us to ask: what does it mean to be good keepers of (her) poetry? How is the literary critic to deal with the biographical and political contexts – such as her incarceration for anti-capitalist activism, or the precarity of her later life in Cambridge – which intrude upon readings of her texts? We then sketch a brief biography of Mendelssohn, and discuss approaches to reading her complex and elusive poetry. Lastly, we outline the articles and responses that make up this special issue.
Linking process to pattern in community assembly in dry evergreen Afromontane forest of Hararghe highland, Southeast Ethiopia
Authors: Asfaw Zebene , Teshome Wondimu Mengistu , Mohammed Yusuf Muktar
Published: March 2023

Abstract

 

Many scholars have attempted to identify the role of deterministic and stochastic processes in community assembly, but there is no consensus on which processes dominate and at what spatial scales they occur. To shed light on this issue, we tested two non-exclusive processes, scale-dependent hypotheses: (i) that limiting similarity dominates on small spatial scales; and (ii) that environmental filtering does so on a large scale. To achieve this, we studied the functional patterns of dry evergreen Afromontane forest communities along elevation gradients in southeastern Ethiopia using floristic and functional trait data from fifty-four 0.04 ha plots. We found evidence of functional overdispersion on small spatial scales, and functional clustering on large spatial scales. The observed clustering pattern, consistent with an environmental filtering process, was most evident when environmental differences between a pair of plots were maximized. To strengthen the link between the observed community functioning pattern and the underlying process of environmental filtering, we demonstrated differences in the topographical factors of the most abundant species found at lower and higher elevations and examined whether their abundance varied over time or changed with time along the elevation. We found (i) that the largest functional differences in the community (observed between lower and upper dry evergreen Afromontane forest assemblages) were primarily the result of strong topographical influence; and (ii) that the abundance of such species varied along the elevation gradient. Variation in stand structure and tree species diversity within the DAF plots shows that topography is among the important drivers of local species distribution and hence the maintenance of tree diversity in dry Afromontane forest.

Our results support the conclusion that environmental filtering at large spatial scales is the primary mechanism for community merging, since functional grouping pattern was associated with species similarities in topographic variation, ultimately leading to changes in species abundances along the gradient. There was also evidence of competitive exclusion at more homogeneous and smaller spatial scales, where plant species compete effectively for resources.
Relationships between the Visual Evaluation of Soil Structure (VESS) and soil properties in agriculture: A meta-analysis
Authors: Orlando Olivares Barlin , Lobo Deyanira , Rey Juan Carlos , Vega Andrés , Rueda María Angélica
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study was to analyze the relationships between the Visual Evaluation of Soil Structure (VESS) and soil properties that make its adoption widely used in agriculture. For this, 25 papers related to the VESS (2009-2022) were considered where the information of the authors, the soil property: bulk density (BD), total soil porosity (TP), soil penetration resistance (PR), macroporosity, microporosity, soil organic carbon (SOC), and mean weight diameter of stable aggregates (MWD). The sample size (n=120 cases), and the correlation coefficient were extracted. To measure this relationship, the correlation coefficient of all studies was contemplated. A meta-analysis was carried out to obtain a global measure of the correlation between the VESS and soil properties across the studies. In the first instance, a fixed effects model was fitted for the correlation (effect size, known as the response variable in the meta-analysis). Subsequently, a random effects model was fitted for the correlation, followed by a subgroup analysis according to soil properties, due to the presence of high heterogeneity between studies. The overall effect (average correlation coefficient) of the fitted random effects model was 0.31 with a confidence interval (CI) of [0.22;0.41]. The heterogeneity between studies was high ( =94.0%) and statistically significant p<0.001. Although it is moderate, the average correlation in practical terms may be sufficient. There were significant differences in some average correlations of some categories, such as BD, PR, TP, and microporosity. The weights reported for the BD, SOC, and PR were 29.7%, 16.4%, and 14.2%, respectively. This result evidenced that the greatest contribution to the global effect of correlation between VESS and soil properties is provided by BD.
The language model based on sensitive artificial intelligence -ChatGPT: Bibliometric analysis and possible uses in agriculture and livestock
Authors: Siche Raúl , Siche Nikol
Published: March 2023

ChatGPT adds to the list of artificial intelligence-based systems designed to perform specific tasks and answer questions by interacting with users (Apple's Siri, Amazon's Alexa, Google's Assistant and Bard, Microsoft's Cortana, IBM's Watson, Bixby from Samsung, among others). ChatGPT works using OpenAI's GPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer) language model and is capable of learning from users' preferences and behavior patterns to customize its response. ChatGPT has the potential to be applied in different fields, including education, journalism, scientific writing, communication, cell biology, and biotechnology, where there is already evidence. The aim of this work was to analyze the possible applications of ChatGPT in the agricultural and livestock industry. First, a scientometric analysis was performed with VosViewer and Bibliometrix (Bliblioshiny). 3 clusters were identified: (a) Main characteristics; (b) learning systems you use; and (c) applications. To the question: What are the main applications in which ChatGTP will revolutionize agriculture (or livestock) in the world? ChatGPT responded: (a) in the agricultural field: improvement of agricultural decision-making, optimization of agricultural production, detection and prevention of plant diseases, climate management, and supply chain management; and (b) in the livestock field: improvement of animal health and welfare, optimization of animal production, supply chain management, detection and prevention of zoonotic diseases, and climate management for animal production. ChatGPT does not scientifically support its answer, but from the analysis carried out, we find that there is enough scientific evidence to conclude, in this case, that its answers were correct. While ChatGPT does not necessarily scientifically substantiate its answers, users should. There is a lack of studies on the use of Artificial Intelligence and its relationship with ethics.
Intrinsic resistance and efficacy of immunotherapy in microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Ren , Lian Jie , Wang Xin , Pang Xiangyi , Xu Benjie , Tang Shuli , Shao Jiayue , Lu Haibo
Published: March 2023

Some patients with microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer (MSI-H CRC) have shown a poor response to immunotherapy in clinical trials. We investigated the intrinsic resistance to and efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with MSI-H CRC. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched using keywords such as “colorectal cancer,” “immunotherapy,” and “clinical experiment.” Random-effects models were used to generate the combined complete response, partial response, stable disease, progressive disease, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and incidence of adverse events. We then performed a subgroup analysis based on the ORR and incidence of intrinsic resistance. The meta-analysis included seven clinical trials. The incidences of complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease summarized by the random-effects model were 8%, 37%, 26%, and 25%, respectively. The ORR and DCR were 45% and 71%, respectively. The ORRs of programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor (anti-PD-1), programmed death ligand 1 inhibitor (anti-PD-L1), and anti-PD-1 combined with cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 inhibitor (anti-CTLA-4) immunotherapy were 38%, 54%, and 57%, respectively. The ORR of immune checkpoint inhibitors for first- and third-line therapy was 56% and 32%, respectively. Dual-drug immunotherapy significantly reduced the incidence of intrinsic resistance to immunotherapy (12% vs 31%). The incidences of intrinsic resistance to first-line therapy and second-line and later therapy were 29% and 26%, respectively. Approximately 25% of patients with MSI-H CRC had intrinsic resistance to immunotherapy. Anti-PD-1 combined with anti-CTLA-4 significantly increased the ORR, thereby reducing the incidence of intrinsic resistance. Moving immunotherapy into earlier lines of therapy, although not reducing the incidence of intrinsic resistance, can improve the ORR in patients with MSI-H CRC.
Народники как незамеченный этап на пути к русской модерной политической нации
Authors: Кильдюшов Олег Васильевич
Published: March 2023

В рецензии обсуждается сборник документальных материалов о народниках XIX века, подготовленный во второй половине 1970-х гг. советским историком М.Я. Гефтером и его единомышленниками в рамках попыток нового прочтения (пред)истории Русской революции, альтернативного официальной историографии. Составитель тома, близкий в то время к диссидентскому и правозащитному движению, концептуально опирался на исследования по общественно-политической истории, проводившиеся в постсталинское время. Ранее он работал в рамках партийно-исторического официоза, от которого дистанцировался к моменту составления «Антологии народников», ставшей для него способом проблематизации соотношения целей и средств (без)ответственного политического действия, цены морального ригоризма революционеров и неготовности авторитарной власти к диалогу с обществом модернизирующейся России. Эта проблематика в контексте незавершенных реформ в позднем СССР позволяла поставить вопрос об идейных истоках и институциональных причинах российских катастроф и тупиков развития уже в веке XX. В начале статьи проводится краткий экскурс в творческую эволюцию самого М.Я. Гефтера, проделавшего большой идейный путь в понимании предмета антологии  – от участника авторского коллектива ортодоксальной истории партии до независимого исследователя, ищущего более сложные модели объяснения исторического процесса в России. Далее реконструируется исследовательская программа, которая легла в основу отбора гетерогенного документального материала. Показан методологически амбициозный план составителя тома, пытавшегося организовать для читателя второй половины XX века не просто погружение в историческую среду второй половины XIX века, но и создать коммуникативное пространство для заочного диалога с акторами другой эпохи. Отмечается близость рамочной идеи издания позднесоветской интеллигентской философии истории, блокирующей сегодня структурную интерпретацию драмы русской модернизации XIX–XX веков. В заключительной части указывается на значительный эвристический потенциал затронутой в антологии топики для реконструкции русского пути к современной политической нации, в рамках которой народники (неожиданно для многих) оказываются первым значимым опытом радикальной демократизации политического в отечественной истории. Предлагается рамочная эвристика, позволяющая при соответствующей смене исследовательской перспективы соотнести русских народников с другими общественно-политическими феноменами модерна в других странах средствами сравнительно-исторической социологии и политической антропологии.
Smart Automation for Enhancing Cyber-Security
Authors:   Atlântica University Institut, Neves Ângelo , Veiga Araujo Gisele Lemes ,   Atlântica University Institut
Published: March 2023

In an intelligent automation ecosystem, namely in the context of Robotic Process Automation, there is a need to review the development and operation processes and practices, to combine competences from these two areas with the common good necessary for any organization or security team. It is with security that quality, efficiency, and profitability become possible. The elaboration of guidelines and best practices for the application of a DevSecOps culture is currently essential for Agile software development at any organization. In the digitalization era, teams increasingly need a collaborative method to involve several competencies and capabilities, from analysis to implementation and the evolution of a software product. Information security needs to be an integral part throughout the entire product’s lifecycle, as without it, fundamental aspects of confidentiality, integrity, and availability put information and software security at serious risk in the course of business operations. Without losing focus on customer needs, it is necessary to model software development practices, following more agile methodologies. In this way, teams can model the software throughout its lifecycle, focusing on facilitating the delivery of value to the customer and having greater certainty that requirements, plans, and results are 100% aligned with customer needs. This paper presents an analysis and proposal for the continuous improvement of an intelligent automation platform at a large-scale multinational organization. In parallel, aspects that generate resistance to the implementation of a DevSecOps methodology within the scope of RPA code development is considered.
Educating Healthcare Professionals in Pharmacovigilance: Global Trends and Korea’s Status
Authors: Park So-Hee , Chung Kyu Hyuck , Park Byung-Joo , Kang Dong Yoon , Shin Ju-Young
Published: March 2023

This narrative review introduces global trends in pharmacovigilance (PV) education for healthcare professionals and the status of PV education in Korea. Proactive participation of healthcare professionals, including physicians, pharmacists, and nurses in reporting suspected adverse events is the main driving force for effective operation of the spontaneous adverse event reporting system database, which in turn facilitates early safety signal detection of otherwise unknown suspected adverse events. The World Health Organization recognizes PV education curriculum as a key aspect in promoting awareness of PV and adverse event reporting among healthcare professionals, and multiple studies have demonstrated that PV educational interventions for healthcare professionals have increased overall adverse event reporting. Considering the global trends in PV education, the curriculum in Korean universities still has room for improvement in promoting PV obligation among future healthcare professionals. Further research is needed to develop PV education curriculum. We suggest a three-step project for innovating PV education in Korea to meet the global PV educational standards: a survey to gauge current PV competencies among healthcare professionals, reform of current PV academic curriculum, and evaluation and fine-tuning of the reformed curriculum.
Hospice and Palliative Care Education for Medical Students in Korea
Authors: Kim Do Yeun , Lee Soon Nam
Published: March 2023

Hospice and palliative care (HPC) education is an essential component of undergraduate medical education. Since February 4th, 2018, withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining treatment at the end of life (EOL) has been permitted in Korea as put forth by law, the “Act on Hospice and Palliative Care and Decisions on Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients at the End of Life.” Therefore, Korean medical schools have faced a challenge in providing comprehensive HPC education in order to better prepare medical students to be competent physicians in fulfilling their role in caring for patients at the EOL. There have been considerable variations in the evolution and organization of HPC education across Korean medical schools for the past 20 years. In 2016, all medical schools taught HPC curriculum as a separate course or integrated courses, with the most frequently taught topics including: delivering bad news, pain management, and the concept of palliative medicine. However, the content, time allocation, learning format, and clinical skills practice training of HPC education have been insufficient, inconsistent, and diverse. For this reason, we propose a HPC curriculum containing seven domains with 60 learning objectives in a course duration of over 20 hours based on the Palliative Education Assessment Tool (PEAT) as standard HPC curriculum. Furthermore, we recommend development of a national curriculum for HPC/EOL care education to be organized by the HPC board and managed under the accreditation criteria of the Korea Institute of Medical Education and Evaluation.
Reconsidering the Concept and Potential of Learning by Teaching
Authors: Choi Hyoseon
Published: March 2023

Learning by teaching (LbT) has long been recognized as an important learning behavior that constructs meaning based on interactions between learners. This study aimed to explore the meaning of LbT as an important learning activity for future implementation in education. LbT is based on the cultural historical activity theory and sociocultural learning theory, as developed by scholars including Vygotsky. These frameworks value the construction of meaning based on language, and LbT is reported to be effective in constructing meaning. In addition, within the zone of proximal development posited by Vygotsky, learning through interaction between learners improves academic achievement, higher-order thinking, deep learning, and reflective learning. LbT also promotes students’ learning presence, and strengthens various competencies such as collaboration and communication skills. Interactive behavior between learners in the form of LbT has been explored as an approach to teaching and learning, with methods including peer learning, peer tutoring, peer teaching, peer mentoring, Lernen durch Lehren, and peer-assisted learning. LbT has also been applied as a learning method. In the future, LbT has boundless potential to improve learning through activities such as flipped learning or online learning based on interactions between learners.
Analysis of Research Trends in the Korean Journal of Medical Education and Korean Medical Education Review Using Keyword Network Analysis
Authors: Lee Aehwa , Kim Soon Gu , Hwang Ilseon
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to analyze the research trends in articles published in the Korean Journal of Medical Education (KJME) and Korean Medical Education Review (KMER) using keyword network analysis. The analyses included 507 papers from 2010 to 2019 published in KJME and KMER. First, keyword frequency analysis showed that the research topics that appeared in both journals were “medical student,” “curriculum,” “clinical clerkship,” and “undergraduate medical education.” Second, centrality analysis of a network map of the keywords identified “curriculum” and “medical student” as highly important research topics in both journals. Third, a cluster analysis of 20 core keywords in KMER identified research clusters related to academic motivation, achievement, educational measurement, medical competence, and clinical practice (centered on “learning,” while in KJME, clusters were related to educational method and program evaluation, medical competence, and clinical practice (centered on “teaching”). In conclusion, future medical education research needs to expand to encompass other research areas, such as educational methods, student evaluations, the educational environment, student counseling, and curriculum.
The Current Status and Needs Analysis of Interprofessional Education in Korean Medical Colleges
Authors: Park Kwi Hwa , Yu Ji Hye , Yoon Bo Young , Lee Dong Hyeon , Lee Seung Hee , Choi Jai-jeong , Park Kyung Hye
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of interprofessional education (IPE) and the efforts required to promote, popularize, and implement it in Korea. The IPE status of 40 medical colleges was investigated using a survey with questions regarding the details of IPE, the future plans and necessary support required, and the reasons for not implementing IPE. Thirty-two medical colleges responded, of which 10 are implementing or have implemented IPE. Most of these colleges started IPE in 2018, and the duration of IPE was less than 9 hours. All medical colleges held classes with nursing students. As for the type of IPE, there were independent courses for IPE, one-time special lectures, or partial sessions in one course. Lectures, discussions and presentations, role playing, and high-fidelity simulations were mainly used as educational methods. The support and interest of the dean was the most important facilitating factor. No medical colleges were currently preparing to implement IPE, four colleges had planned IPE but failed to implement it, and 16 had no plans for IPE at all. All medical colleges cited scheduling or cooperation with other majors as the most significant barrier. All the colleges listed their requirements for educational materials, cases, guidelines, and teaching and learning methods for IPE from external institutions. To activate IPE, it is necessary to create an appropriate atmosphere and conditions for developing IPE competencies and a model suitable for the domestic situation. External medical education support organizations should distribute IPE development guidelines and educational materials, form a network between medical colleges with IPE experience, and make efforts to promote the importance of IPE.
Genetic and semen examination of patients with 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development
Authors: Shtaut M. I. , Sorokina T. M. , Kurilo L. F. , Andreeva M. V. , Oparina N. V. , Polyakov A. V. , Shilova N. V. , Chernykh V. B.
Published: March 2023

Background. 46,XX male syndrome (XX sex reversal) or 46,ХХ testicular disorder of sex development (DSD) – a genetic disorder that characterized by primary hypogonadism and male infertility because of severe spermatogenesis defects. 46,XX testicular DSD is resulted from unbalanced microstructural sex chromosome abnormalities, mostly X-Y translocations involving SRY gene. Genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic variability, particularly the effect of the genotype on semen parameters in XX sex reversed patients are not sufficiently studied.

Aim. Genetic and semen examination in patients with 46,ХХ testicular DSD.

Materials and methods. 32 patients with 46,XX testicular DSD and 2 men with mosaicism 46,XX/46,XY were examined. Cytogenetics, molecular genetics and spermatology examination (standard semen analysis and quantitative karyological analysis of immature germ cells) were performed.

Results. The presence of the SRY gene was detected in 23 (82.1 %) of 28 patients who underwent a molecular genetic study, and 5 patientswere SRY-negative. Azoospermia and severe oligozoospermiawere diagnosed in 24 (75 %) and 8 (25 %) patients, respectively. Quantitative karyological analysis of immature germ cells allowed to reveal cryptozoospermia in 3 patients with initially diagnosed azoospermia (according to a standard semen analysis). Severe oligozoospermia and cryptozoospermia were mentioned both in some of SRY-positive and SRY-negative patients.

Conclusion. 46,XX testicular DSD is characterized by severe degree of spermatogenesis defects (azoospermia and extremely severe oligozoospermia). Small number of germ cells detected in ejaculate in some patients with 46,XX testicular DSD, including SRY-negative individuals, indicates partial preservation ofspermatogenesisin the absence of Y chromosome genes.
Lojistik ve Tedarik Zinciri Yönetiminde Oyunlaştırma Metotları
Authors: AKKARTAL Gonca Reyhan , BAROOTİ Amirhossein , AKKARTAL Erkut
Published: March 2023

Son yıllarda oyunlaştırma metotları, tedarik zinciri uygulamalarında oldukça yaygınlaşmıştır. Uzmanlaşma ve tecrübe sahibi olmanın uzun sürdüğü Tedarik zinciri konusunda birçok üniversite, gerçek senaryolar için simülatörler kullanmaktadır. Tedarik zinciri boyunca yeni fikirlerin ve yaratıcı düşüncelerin uygulanması pahalı ve riskli olduğundan, uygun simülatörler oldukça yararlıdır. Bu kapsamda, verilen her kararın sonucu önceden görülebilmekte, başrılı bir takım çalışmasının nasıl yapılabileceği öğrenilmeke ve rekabet akıllarda kalıcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Electronic Beer Game, Supply Chain Game, The Fresh Connection TFC, SCM Globe Game adlarındaki 4 farklı simülasyon oyunu arasında karşılaştırma yapmak ve bu dört oyunun zayıf ve güçlü yönlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır.Bu çalışmada parallel oturumlarda öğrencilere ve sektör temsilcilerine oyunlar hakkındaki görüşleri de sorulmuş ve derinlemesine bir araştırma yapılmıştır.
Crítica de la moral en investigación. Consideraciones para una ética postformalista
Authors: Granados-García Alejandro
Published: March 2023

This article problematizes what is commonly known as “research ethics” and proposes to enunciate it critically as research morality. This morality –even being a significant advance to protect those who participate in research– has not been sufficient to prevent that research practices follow extractivist and colonialist logics. It is necessary to orient, complement, and enhance research morality based on a postformalist ethics, whose articulating axis is the configuration of research interactions. This essay develops this proposal in three moments: The first one defines what can be critically understood as research morality; the second addresses two possible conditions for a postformalist ethics (ethics as critic and the ontological turn); as an in-conclusion, the third moment presents ways to define a postformalist ethics of research and think the ethical research interactions.
POTENCIALIDADES E CRÍTICAS DO CONCEITO DE ANTROPOCENO
Authors: Mega Orestes Jayme
Published: March 2023

O conceito de Antropoceno possui potencialidades que podem ser úteis para pesquisas arqueológicas que visam compreender o impacto das ações humanas sobre a ecologia tanto de regiões específicas quanto em escala global. Entretanto, o conceito também congrega uma série de críticas que vão desde o excepcionalismo humano à generalização de interações socioecológicas complexas e diversificadas. Neste artigo, abordo tanto as críticas quanto os potenciais do conceito de Antropoceno, enfatizando seu aspecto de campo interdisciplinar emergente e de metanarrativa.