bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Environmental Benefits-Considered Cost Characteristics of Distributed Generation Analysis
Authors: Ma Xiu Fan , Zhang Li Zi , Cui Huan Jun , Xu Dan
Published: December 2012

The increasing environmental stress and energy crisis promote the distributed generation (DG) to integrate in the distribution network, thus cost characteristics of DGs are important to decision-makers for distribution network expansion and reinforcement. Firstly, this paper analyzed the fixed cost and variable cost of different types of DGs (such as micro-turbine, internal combustion engine, wind power, PV and fuel cell. and then drew the yearly cost characteristic curves. Secondly, we respectively calculated the relevant costs of thermal power generation and distributed generation. These costs include pollutant-emission cost and governance cost considering three types of pollutants, i.e. SO2, NOx and TSP. By doing this, we could better know the environmental benefits of DG compared with conventional power generation. Thirdly, we added the environmental benefits of distributed generation to the variable cost and regarded the final result as comprehensive variable cost. If reflects the environmental advantage of DG. Finally, we drew the cost characteristic curve with environmental benefit of DG. The research would provide reference when choosing the type and capacity of distributed generation in distribution network planning.
Investigation on the Performance of a Trombe Wall Driven by Thermal Pressure
Authors: Hou Jun Qin , Lei Yong Gang , Wang Fei , Wang Xun
Published: December 2012

Numerical simulation was carried out for the ventilation performance of a Trombe wall driven by thermal pressure. The effect of heat flux, the wall width and height to the indoor ventilation were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the increase of heat flow and the height of wall cause the increase of natural ventilation rate while the increase of width cause the increase of ventilation and then deceasing.
Diagnostic Method Research on the Dirty Level of the Water Side Tube and the Tightness of Vacuum System of Condenser
Authors: Li Yong , Deng Kai Fu
Published: December 2012

The condenser vacuum influences the steam turbine’s safety and economy. The dirty level of the water side tube and the air accumulation of the steam side affect overall heat transfer coefficient .That make the condenser vacuum low and terminal temperature difference increase. It is a generally interested problem that making a distinction between fouling loss and air accumulation loss for the operating personnel and maintenance person. In this article, we judged the vacuum system work normal or not by comprehensive cleaning curve, and further calculation and curve analysis were done so as to distinguish the affection of the dirty level of the water side tube and the air accumulation of the steam side to overall heat transfer coefficient and terminal temperature difference.
The Properties of Heat Transfer Research for the Vacuum Heat Pipe in the Magnetic Field
Authors: Zhang Yun Feng , An Jian Jun , Chang Zheng Rong
Published: December 2012

In view of the highly heat exchanger efficient of heat pipe, two vacuum heat pipes of water and Fe3O4-water were prepared and test system was designed to test the heat transfer efficiency of them when they are within and without magnetic field. The experimental results showed that the heat exchange of heat pipe with magnetic fluid was more efficient than the other one. According to the results and combine the physical properties of two kinds of refrigerant, analyze the heat transfer characteristics of the magnetic fluid in magnetic field.
Heat Transfer Investigation of the Circulating Fluidized Bed Evaporator for Concentrating Pineapple Juice
Authors: Fu Zhen Ling , Zhang Li Li , Shi Yan Bin
Published: December 2012

Vapor-liquid-solid phase change is a common phenomenon in nature and engineering technology. In this paper, the three-phase circulating fluidized bed evaporator was applied to concentrate Pineapple juice according to the structure and characteristics of it. Inert particles, as fluidizing medium, are put in the heating tube, increased the turbulence of the fluid, destroyed the boundary layer, and strengthened the convection, it had a good antifouling and descaling performance. Based on the experimental values derived from the circulating fluidized bed heat transfer experiments, the heat transfer experimental correlations of corrugated-tube in laminar flow regime and turbulent flow regime were obtained.The results show that the experimental value was in good agreement with the theoretical value.
Performance Comparison between Metal Honeycomb and Ceramic Honeycomb in Continuous Waste Heat Recovery
Authors: Ren Ling , Hu Yu , Xia De Hong
Published: December 2012

Metal Honeycomb (MH) is a plug-in unit for heat transfer enhancement, which has a large specific surface adjustable range, high heat conductivity and excellent geometric plasticity. The continuous waste heat recovery processes are simulated by FLUENT with inserted MH and ceramic honeycomb(CH) at the same shape and dimension. By comparing the heat exchange of MH with CH, it is found that the heat recovery device with MH has better performance and smaller pressure loss than that with CH.
Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer in Shell and Tube Heat Storage Fixed Vertical Fins
Authors: Gao Xu Liang , Yang Li
Published: December 2012

The article presents a new kind of shell and tube phase change heat storage exchanger using vertical fins. And select paraffin as phase change materials, Fluent6.3 software was used to study the melting process. Some conditions of different fin height, different fin width and different fin numbers of axial direction were investigated. The results show that the higher and the wider of the fins, and the more the fin number of axial direction, the shorter is the melting time, the better is the effect of heat transfer
Effect of Injection Timing on Combustion Characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine Fuelled with Pistacia chinensis Bunge Seed Biodiesel
Authors: Luo Li , Xu Bin , Ma Zhi Hao , Wu Jian , Li Ming
Published: December 2012

In this study, the effect of injection timing on combustion characteristics of a direct injection, electronically controlled, high pressure, common rail, turbocharged and intercooled engine fuelled with different pistacia chinensis bunge seed biodiesel/diesel blends has been experimentally investigated. The results indicated that brake specific fuel consumption reduces with the increasing of fuel injection advance angle and enhances with the increasing of biodiesel content in the blends. The peak of cylinder pressure and maximum combustion temperature increase evidently with the increment of fuel injection advance angle. However, the combustion of biodiesel blends starts earlier than diesel at the same fuel injection advance angle. At both conditions, the combustion duration and the peak of heat release rate are insensitive to the changing of injection timing.
Research of the Temperature Decoupling Control for a MCFC/GT Hybrid System
Authors: Yang Fan , Li Hao , Wang Yu Fei , Xue Hua
Published: December 2012

To a molten carbonate fuel cell/ gas turbine hybrid system, operating temperature which has significant influence on the performance and lifespan of system is researched. The decoupling control of multivariable system is proposed in the temperature control of a hybrid system. In the designing of decoupling controller, the intelligent decoupling method is used based on Quasi-Diagonal Recurrent Neural Network-PID. Simulation results show that the operating temperature of hybrid system can be effectively close to the desired setpoints based on the decoupling controller.
An Experimental Investigation on a New Combustion System of Diesel Engine for Performance Optimization
Authors: Qi Kun Peng , Long Wu Qiang , Dong Peng Bo , Gu Hong
Published: December 2012

In this work, based on the concept of spray-orientation and space-atomization, a new double-layers diffluent combustion system for diesel engine is proposed which has a collision table with circular oriented-surface. Experiments are carried out on a 135 single-cylinder diesel engine by utilization of the new combustion system which is equipped with a high-pressure common-rail fuel injection system. The optimized rail pressure and fuel injection advanced angle are selected for diesel engine at different work conditions. Comparing with the data of original combustion system, the decrease of the brake specific fuel consumption and soot emission is 3.10% and 31.8% respectively while the NOX emission increased by 8.49% at rated work condition for this new combustion system. These results indicate that the new double-layers diffluent combustion system can preferably optimize the performance of diesel engine.
Research on Engine-Pump Units Adaptability in the Plateau
Authors: Li Jiang , Zhang Wei Ming , Li Tao
Published: December 2012

The efficiency of engine-pump units and fuel supply capacity are related closely, which drop strongly in the plateau. In order to find out the relationship between engine-pump units performance parameters and natural conditions in the plateau, this research dealt with the specific forms of engine-pump units efficiency descend, analyzed the influence factors of engine-pump units efficiency, found out the decline rules of engine-pump units power, emission and reliability. The result shows that atmospheric pressure, temperature and altitude are the most important influence factors, based on the conclusion, some methods were put forward to improve the engine-pump units efficiency.
Bubble Lift-Off Diameter Prediction with New Bubble Growth Model
Authors: Zhang Ti En , Zhang Wei Zheng , Cao Yuan Fu
Published: December 2012

Based on the equation that the heat conduction from the bubble underlying layer is balanced with the heat convection of bubble cooling and the latent heat of evaporation, with the help of zhao model a new bubble growth model for the forced convective subcooled boiling in the engine cooling system is developed with the consideration of the thermal boundary layer impact on the bubble growth. And an experiment is designed to verify the theoretical model. Then the Klausner model for predicting the bubble lift-off diameters is amended with the built bubble growth model. In addition, the bubble lift-off diameters at the different velocity are predicted, which is verified with the experimental data.
Prediction Research on the Failure of Steam Turbine Based on Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm Support Vector Regression
Authors: Shi Zhi Biao , Miao Ying
Published: December 2012

In order to solve the blindness of the parameter selection in the Support Vector Regression (SVR) algorithm, we use the Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA) to optimize the parameters in SVR, and then propose the optimization algorithm on the parameters in SVR based on FOA to fitting and simulate the experimental data of the turbine’s failures. This algorithm could optimize the parameters in SVR automatically, and achieve ideal global optimal solution. By comparing with the commonly used methods such as Support Vector Regression and Radial Basis Function neural network, it can be shown that the forecast results of FOA_SVR more accurate and the forecast speed is the fastest.
Study on the Technology of Increasing Combustion Efficiency and Decreasing NOx Emission of Blending Coals
Authors: Wei Chun Zhi , Wang Yi Cong
Published: December 2012

Study on the combustion behavior and pollutant emission properties of the different types and different ratio of blending coal have been done. The influence of the ratio of brown-blending coal on the combustion efficiency and NOx emission have been researched and concentrated ratio and method of pulverized coal have been get. The thermal-load distribution along the height of furnace and the control of the flue gas temperature at the exit of the combustion chamber have been discussed and the retrofit schema has been put forward. By reasonably blending coal, combustion efficiency increases and NOx emission goes down.
Analysis and Research of Force and Motion of Screw-Type Extrusion Molding Biomass
Authors: Wen Bao Hui , Liu Liang , Liu Sheng Yong , Zheng Kai Xuan , Hua Lei , Wang Sen
Published: December 2012

In the existing biomass briquette production market, the screw extrusion-type machines are applied at the earliest. However, the shortcoming of the easily-worn screw head limits their application and large-scale development. In this paper, the main reason of the impact on screw life can be identified by the force and motion analysis of molding biomass. Therefore, theoretical basis for the improvement and optimized design of the molding machine can be provided. Furthermore, new paths which can increase the machine efficiency, reduce production costs and increase biomass briquette production can be found.
Optimal Design of Preparation Parameters of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Fuel Based on Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Chen Zhen Bin , Ni Ji Min , Liu Jun , He Jin Ge , Sun Rui
Published: December 2012

The experimental program was designed with design of experiment (DoE) technology and a series of experiments were conducted, then an approximate surface model was established with the experimental results and the significant preparation parameters of hydrous ethanol gasoline with different ethanol proportion were optimized with multi-islands genetic algorithms, then the optimal results were verified. The results show that the ethanol proportion, emulsifier type and proportion in the ethanol gasoline has a great influence on the stability; the phase separation temperature of the hydrous ethanol gasoline prepared with the optimal formula (with 25% ethanol proportion, 1.73% emulsifier S+T) is -8°C which is very close to the predicted value. The fuel can maintain stability and with no phase separate for more than 60 days in the room temperature (10°C-30°C).
Research for Application of Save Energy Piston Valve for Water Pump Balance Control
Authors: Chen Jian Ming , Sun Lei , Cheng Yuan Jun
Published: December 2012

This paper introduces new type of save energy piston valve for water pump balance control, which is save energy efficiency expert. This piston valve is designed by pneumatic theory, and drive power is delivered by air compressor or pressure air source in waterworks. Pressure air is lead into cavity of piston valve by transfer action of “two positions and five channels ” electromagnetic valve, then piston drive valve to open or close water pump. This piston valve has followed functions such as balance control action, avoiding refluence, zero flow open and close, accidental power stop for water hammer and son on. Application of this piston valve had proved saving energy to 3%.
CFD Simulation and Experiment of Scroll Expander for Organic Rankine Systems
Authors: Chang Chao Wei , Chang Jen Chieh , Hung Tzu Chen , Tseng Yung Shin
Published: December 2012

Organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) could recover low-grade heat to useful energy. The expander is a key element in ORC systems. The expander efficiency is about 35% to 40% in the experiment. This research investigates the transient thermal-hydraulic behavior of 2-D scroll expander using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. The working fluid was assumed to behave like ideal gas. The verification has been compared by mass flow rate between experiment data and CFD simulation. Finally, pitch of the scroll geometry has been selected as the parameter for sensitivity study based on the condition of no change in overall volume. The pressure-volume (P-V) behavior and volumetric efficiency with rotating speed diagram have been discussed on various scroll geometry.
Study on Ring Gate Closure in still Water Based on ANSYS
Authors: Zhang Si Qing , Hu Xiu Cheng , Li Xiao Fan
Published: December 2012

Ring gate of Ahai hydropower Station is known to the highest ring gate in the world. In this paper, it is calculated to the driving loads of the Ahai ring gate by six hydraulic servomotors during a closure without automatic control (i.e. in case of a breakdown of the electrical control system), analyzed the behavior of the operating system of the ring gate closure in balanced conditions with the permanent loads, and finally shown to how the six servomotors are synchronized on the basis of the driving loads. There are proved to The feasibility and the credibility of this system of ring gate to a case by using ANSYS.
Simulation of Numerical Wave Based on Fluid Volume Function
Authors: Peng Jian Jun , Liu Yan Jun , Li Yu , Sun Xing Wang
Published: December 2012

This paper is based on the method of volume of fluid function (VOF) and founds numerical wave tank similar to real sea condition using business software CFD and its function of second development, proceeds numerical simulation of linear wave and second-order stokes and compares them with the theoretical value. The numerical result corresponds to the theoretical result, which lays the foundation for further research of interaction between wave and power generation device.
The Finite Element Analysis of the Column of Wave-Power Generating Device
Authors: Liu Yan Jun , Sun Xing Wang , Zheng Bo
Published: December 2012

The columnof the wave-power generating device is analysed through theoretical analysis using finite element software. The deformation and stress under maximum wave impact force is calculated by harmonic analysis, the result of which indicates that deformation and stress of the maincolumn, which under huge wave impact calculated by Morison theory, is very small. The stress of the column generated by wave load is less than its material yield strength, which indicates that the safety performance meets the requirements.
Effect of Liquid Velocity on Ultrasonic Propagation Characteristics in Pipeline
Authors: Zhang Ai Ping , Hu Jian Wen
Published: December 2012

By the ultrasonic preventing and removing fouling test-bed, study on the effect of velocity on ultrasonic propagation characteristics by experiment. Keep the liquid temperature, ultrasonic emission frequencies and power constant. In the heat exchange tube, measure the ultrasonic sound intensity at the inlet and outlet of the pipeline, when the liquid velocity changed. The results show that, at normal temperature (25°C), the input power and ultrasonic frequency keeping constant, the ultrasonic sound intensity decreased gradually firstly and then increased with the change of the liquid velocity changed from 0m/s to 2m/s. The ultrasonic sound intensity attain minimum when the liquid velocity about 0.45m/s.
Analysis of Chamber Shape’s Influencing on Axial Force in Hydrodynamic Coupling
Authors: Sun Bo , Li Yong Zhe , Lv Ying Jun , Lu Hua Ping
Published: December 2012

In order to research the law of chamber shape’s influencing on Axial Force in Hydrodynamic Coupling, flow field and axial force are numeric simulated at different chamber shapes in full filling rate by using separation solver, realizable k~ε model and PISO algorithm with CFD. The result shows that chamber shape has a greater impact on the axial force, and the influence weaks with the increase of speed ratio.
Flow Resistance Characteristics Analysis of Horizontal Shrinked Pipe in Dense Phase Pneumatic Conveying
Authors: Liu Qiang , Duan Guang Bin , Liu Zong Ming
Published: December 2012

In the dense phase pneumatic conveying lab table, used horizontal shrinked pipeline as transmission pipe. Used compressed air as conveying power and dry gypsum powder as transported materials, then conducted with gas-solid conveying experiment. Through the experiment, resulted show change law and influence factors of pressure drop in horizontal shrinked pipeline under different transportation conditions.In this study. The results showed that diameter ratio, solid and gas mass ratio and diffusion angle could affect the pressure drop of the pipeline .
Influence of the Source and Sink Temperatures on the Experimental Research of a CO2 Trans-Critical Refrigeration and Heat Pump System
Authors: Zhang Wen Hui , Wang Zhe , Gong Yi , Wu Xue Hong , Lu Yan Li
Published: December 2012

The performance of the CO2 trans-critical system is affected significantly not only by optimal system pressure but also by instantaneous ambient temperatures. This paper presents the results of a study carried out to elucidate the influence of the source and sink temperatures on the experimental research of a CO2 trans-critical refrigeration and heat pump system which used a new dual expansion valve and a balance CO2 liquid receiver adjustment device. The unit had been fully tested along a multistate experimental study, at various evaporating temperatures and different gas cooler outlet pressures. The results showed that: the source and sink temperatures rose from 15°C to 25°C, trans-critical CO2 systems COPH average increase of 4.4% each 5°C, but COP decrease of 6.8%. The influence of the source temperature on the chilled water outlet temperature which is less than the sink temperature. The effect of the source or sink temperature on the cooling water outlet temperature to average every 5°C to change the range of from 0.7°C to 1.9°C.
The Primary and Secondary Analysis of Uncertain Factors in Soil Thermal Properties for GSHP
Authors: Wang Yi , Shen Guo Min
Published: December 2012

In this paper, at first, an effective soil thermal conductivity model was established. Single factor regression analysis for 6 uncertain factors contained in the model was then conducted respectively. Finally, the primary and secondary characters of these uncertain factors were analyzed by using the orthogonal test. The analysis results show that the effective soil thermal conductivity has linear relationships with the saturation degree of unsaturated soil and the depth of water table and has power function relationships with other 4 uncertain factors; the porosity of unsaturated soil has the greatest effect on the effective soil thermal properties, followed by saturation degree of unsaturated soil, porosity of saturated soil, solid phase thermal conductivity of unsaturated soil, solid phase thermal conductivity of saturated soil and the depth of water table.
Reactive Power Optimization Problem Research Based on Node-Voltage-Based and Branch-Current-Based Hybrid Electric Power Network Equations
Authors: Wang Guo You , Zhang Xi Lin , Shi Yu , Liu Yang , Wang Cheng Min , Yi Tao
Published: December 2012

The electric power system is a specific example among various networks in nature and human society, in which the network flow models and arithmetic can be applied. The node-voltage-based and branch-current-based hybrid electric power network equations are established in this paper, and the reactive power optimization problem is modeled based on the established network equations. It is respectively solved while the reactive power optimization problem is decomposed as two sub-problems, among which a sub-problem is described by quadric minimum cost flow model and another one is expressed by a linear equations. Thereby, the complexity and dimensions of reactive power optimization problem are distinctly reduced due to the two decomposed sub-problems are easy to solve. It is proved that found optimal solution is closed to global by the computational efficiency analysis. The case study is made at IEEE-30 system and it is indicated that proposed approach could improve the computational efficiency of reactive power optimization problem by comparing with traditional optimal power flow arithmetic.
A Hybrid Predictive Control Strategy for the Coordinated Voltage
Authors: Zhao Hong Shan , Xia Yang , Xue Ning
Published: December 2012

The substation is one of the most important nodes for the power system voltage control. Its dynamic behavior is usually characterized by the interaction of dynamic load models, describing continues variables governed by differential equations, and of discrete controllers and coordinated logic, describing symbolic variables governed by discrete behaviors, logic rules and switching mechanisms. Therefore, the operation and control of the substation is a typical hybrid dynamic system. To make an effective voltage coordinated control in substation, this paper proposed a hybrid predictive control strategy. First, the discrete-time hybrid automata model was given for describing the hybrid voltage control system in substation. Then, by using the voltage-security control constrain instead of the goal of voltage-security control, the voltage coordinated control problem can be converted to a minimization cost problem on the premise of the voltage-security control, based on the technology of the MPC. And, for the discrete control characteristics and different control delays of multi-controllers, a branch and search algorithm was designed to solve the hybrid predictive control problem. This proposed algorithm is suitable for the voltage predictive control of substation, which have less control variables and different controllers’ delays. Finally, the coordinated controller was designed on Dymola. And the example of BPA test system three generations and ten buses included was given for simulation analysis and the verification by the proposed approach for substation coordinated voltage control. The results of simulation showed that the proposed control strategy in the paper is feasible.
Application of SVM-RBF to Prediction of Short-Term Load
Authors: Zhang Hong , Li Sheng Zhu , Yue Luan Song , Pian Zhao Yu
Published: December 2012

Short Term Load Forecasting is important to power system. It can be economic and reasonable to arrange start and stop of the Generator in wire net, The text adopt radial basis function neural networks. The GA-optimized multi-core radial basis function SVM is applied to extract useful data and short-term load forecasting accuracy based on RBF neural network has been improved. In this paper, The advantages of improving the algorithm is demonstrated by the application of the MATLAB simulation with the input data of the spring load collected from California, United States.
Study on Optimal Mode of Distributed Generation Accessing to Distribution Network
Authors: Duan Jun Dong , Hu Ying Long
Published: December 2012

The distributed generation(DG) location, capacity and its influence to distribution network is an important research subject of smart grid. According to the typical daily load curve change rule in distribution network, selecting two operation modes of weighted largest load and weighted least load, taking the minimum of reverse flow times and network loss for the target, combined with the type of DG and operation characteristics , confirming optimal accessing points and optimal capacity of DG. Through the comparative study, the rational introduction of DG improves the voltage level of distribution network and reduces the network loss.
Application of Protection Model in Novel Protection Algorithm Research
Authors: Du Xin Wei , Li Yuan
Published: December 2012

It is meaningful to import protection modeling and simulation into power system simulation for analyzing dynamic operation or cascaded operation of protection when there is a disturbance in power system. Based on the former researches of protection modeling method and protection simulation system, an application of the protection modeling and simulation mentioned above in transformer inrush eliminating algorithm research is explicated for proving the feasibility and validity of them in novel protection algorithm research in this short paper.
The Research Based on Zero Sequence Energy to the Line Selection in Distribution Network
Authors: Tian Shu , He Jin Peng , Zheng Yu
Published: December 2012

When single phase-to-ground fault happened in power network with arc suppression coil grounded, capacitor current through fault point is compensated and reduced by installing arc suppression coil. Zero-sequence current’s amplitude and phase of fault lines and sound lines are so similar that it increases the difficulty of selecting the fault line. But the resistance component of zero sequence current has no relationship with the arc extinguishing coil compensation, absolute value of resistance component to the fault lines show the maximum, and zero sequence current’s polarity of fault lines is contrary to sound lines. In this paper, because of the characteristic of resistance component, a method is put forward based on zero sequence energy to the line selection in distribution network, it import auto-reclosing techniques into the line selection. The principle is verified by MATLAB simulator. It has high accuracy to select the fault line with this method.
Application of DG-RBFNN in Power Flow Calculation of Distribution Network with DG
Authors: Zhao Qing Qi , Chen Xue , Yang Yi , Xue Ji Guang
Published: December 2012

With the injection of distributed generation (DG) into distribution network, complexity and uncertainty of power flow in distribution network follow. In order to calculate power flow more simply and accurately, considering the characteristics of distribution network with DG and the flexible applicability of RBF neural network, a special adaptive dynamic clustering RBFNN (DG-RBFNN) method, which clusters the input samples only according to the parameters associated with DG, has been used in this paper. Therefore, the results are more approximate to the real condition and the calculation process is simpler compared with conventional back/forward (B/F) method meanwhile the calculation scale is also relatively smaller compared with ordinary adaptive dynamic clustering RBFNN. Finally, according to a 21-bus 66 kV distribution network of Shenyang, Liaoning province simulation experiment, the availability of DG-RBFNN method is proved.
A Method of Static Security Analysis Based on Section Topology Relation
Authors: Liu Jun , Pan Ling Ling , Yu Yi Jun , Feng Shu Hai , Li Feng , Guo Xiao Rui , Shi Fei , Tang Bi Qiang
Published: December 2012

In this paper, a calculation method of static security analysis based on section topology relation is proposed. When topological structure of current data section is the same as that of the basecase section, it fully utilizes the factor tables of Jacobian matrix, and inverse matrix information of the basecase data section in rapid filtration of DC power flow. On the contrary, If topology changes compared with the basecase section, it adopts substation partial topological analysis technology as well as the method of partial factor table correction to increase the speed of calculation. Case studies with a practical power system indicate that the proposed method is correct and reasonable.
Based on System Delay Time to Compensate for Harmonic Current Detection Method Research
Authors: Yao Xin , Yao Zai Lin , Teng Xin Ying
Published: December 2012

Harmonic detection is one of the most important core part of Active Power Filter,which can quickly and accurately detect the harmonic current that is the premise of circuit to quickly output harmonic compensation current,therefore the pros and cons of the detection method,a direct impact on the effect of harmonic compensation.Time compensation method is to add a specific time compensation angle based on the method of instantaneous reactive power compensation,so that it can accurately detect the harmonic currents at the same time,minimize the low-pass filter time delay.By MATLAB simulation,the results show high detection accuracy.And to ensure detection and compensation,while fully to improve the real-time function of the filter.
Evaluation on Effect of Alternating Injection Polymer Flooding in Heterogeneous Reservoir
Authors: Huang Bin , Song Kao Ping , Yang Kun , Su Xu
Published: December 2012

In order to simulate heterogeneous reservoir, six parallel homogeneous cores are used to conduct laboratory experiments of polymer flooding after water drive and the indexes of shunt rate, water cut and recovery factor are compared under different alternating injection cycle of polymer flooding stages. The results show that, when the alternating injection cycle is 0.2PV, it can better restrain profile reversal in the process of polymer injection displacement and make profile reversal appear later. Meanwhile it can improve the sucking fluid proportion of low-permeability layer and make overall water cut stay at low point much longer and then get higher recovery factor.
The Present Situation and Policy Suggestion of Clean Coal Technology in China
Authors: Wang Wen Sheng , Huang Shao Dong , Zou Jie Long
Published: December 2012

In recent years, our clean coal technology made some breakthrough by means of introduction, digestion, and innovation. But compared with the developed countries, the use of clean coal technology in our country is not common for the unsound policies and standards, the lack of market mechanism, insufficient capital investment, decentralize of trade management and so on. We can effectively promote the development of clean coal technology, promote our country's energy consumption to transform extensive to intensive consumption and gradually realize a coordinated development between the energy, economy and environment by completing the relevant policies, laws and regulations of technology, finance, taxation, environmental protection, perfecting the independent innovations and technology admittance mechanism, increasing financial investment, encouraging private investment and setting up specialized standard managing and setting body of clean coal technology.
On the Relationship of our Fossil Energy Consumption and Low Carbon
Authors: Feng Jian Guo , Li En Tian , Wang Shu Li , Lian Ming Ming , Zhou Shi Dong
Published: December 2012

Fossil Energy is the lifeblood of economic development of countries in the world, carbon emissions in the process of its consumption impact on the environment by the world's attention.The energy saving is the hot question of the today's world by the strategic context of sustainable development, China's consumption of fossil fuels is more vigorously pursued energy saving measures, mainly from oil and gas recovery technology and pipeline leakage detection technology specific energy-saving. Ultimately achieve energy saving and environmental protection purposes.
Modeling CO2 Emissions of Top 5 Emitters with Combination Technique
Authors: Sun Wei , Wang Jing Min , Kang Jun Jie
Published: December 2012

In this paper, the performance of combination forecast methods for CO2 emissions prediction is investigated. Linear model, time series model, GM (1, 1) model and Grey Verhulst model are selected in study as the separate models. And, four kinds of combination forecast models, i.e. the equivalent weight (EW) combination method, variance-covariance (VACO) combination method, regression combination (R) method, and discounted mean square forecast error (MSFE) method are chosen to employ for top 5 CO2 emitters. The forecasting accuracy is compared between these combination models and single models. This research suggests that the combination forecasts are almost certain to outperform the worst individual forecasts and maybe even better than most individual ones. Furthermore the combination forecasts can avoid the risk of model choosing in future projection. For CO2 emissions forecast with many uncertain factors in the future, combining the single forecast would be safer in such forecasting situations.
Analysis of Driving Cycles for Emission Test of Light-Duty Vehicles in China
Authors: Xue Jin Lin
Published: December 2012

The driving cycles employed to measure the emissions from automotive vehicles should adequately represent the real-world driving pattern of the vehicle to provide the most realistic estimation of emissions levels. The driving cycles used for light-duty gasoline engine vehicles in China were reviewed in this paper firstly. Then the impact of various factors, such as driving behaviors, driving conditions, road conditions, traffic conditions, on real-world emission levels were analyzed. Finally, the shortages of the existing driving cycles were pointed out. It can be concluded that the emissions levels from automotive vehicles are underestimated because of the characteristics of the existing drive cycles, so it is urgent to research and develop new driving cycles to fit the situation of China.
Comprehensive Evaluation and Prediction of Geothermal Resources in Liaohe Basin
Authors: Shi Shang Ming , Wu Xiao Xiong , Zhao Pan , Huo Dong Kai , Wei Hua Bin
Published: December 2012

Geothermal resources can not be ignored in the new century energy, Through the relevant formula in combination with the actual situation of the Liaohe Basin, by the predication of single well production and well head temperature, Find favorable areas that single well production and wellhead temperature both high. These areas are considered favorable areas for geothermal resources in Liaohe Basin. We carry out comprehensive evaluation of geothermal resources in Liaohe Basin. Finally, the total amount of geothermal resources, the total amount of geothermal water and recoverable geothermal resources in Liaohe Basin were determined and the favorable area for geothermal resources is divided, the total amount of geothermal resources, the total amount of geothermal water and recoverable geothermal resources the favorable area for geothermal resources were predicted.These results provide guarantee for the future exploration and development of geothermal resources.
Research of the Activation of Methyldiethanolamine Absorbing Carbon Dioxide by Monoethanolamine
Authors: Chen Hong Wei , Chen Long , Sun Wei , Suo Xin Liang , Chen Jiang Tao
Published: December 2012

The absorption of carbon dioxide into aqueous blends of MEA and MDEA is studied in a stirred-cell reactor. The absorption characteristics of MEA and MDEA are compared and the impact of different ratios of MEA to MDEA, MEA and MDEA concentrations on absorption rates and absorption efficiency are researched. The results indicate that small addition of MEA into MDEA could increase greatly absorption rates and efficiency and strengthen mass transfer; and under the condition of fixed MEA concentration, the larger the MDEA concentration, the better the activation effect.
Analysis on Relationship of Mode Choice and Residential Location
Authors: Liu Wen Zhi , Zong Gang , Cheng Lian Yuan
Published: December 2012

The relationship between urban transportation and land use is always an endless main topic in urban planning area. It is based on the theory of Nested Logit model, using the data of daily travel revealed preference survey of Beijing in 2008, set up the integrated model of mode choice and land use in this paper. The model have two levels, the first one is space choice level, which is using the land use variables, such as residential location and mixed land use; the other is mode choice level, taking the transportation variables, like travel time, travel cost etc. Parameter estimation results shown that this kind of model can reflect relevance of mode choice and land use at a more detailed level. It is also indicated that the model precision is high.
Rational Land Planning Utilization Structure Optimization Based on Multi-Objective Linear Programming Model of Foshan
Authors: Yang Hai Quan , Zhang Jian , Yang Zai Gui
Published: December 2012

Regional land use/cover change is one of the hot issues of the global research. Since the proposal of “land use/cover change” research program by the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program（IGBP）and International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change（IHDP）in 1995, the research on the land use structure optimization has been increasingly important as the core issue of regional land use/cover change. The structural optimization of land use refers to the use of certain techniques and methods to make the regional future land use structure achieve the best economic, ecological and social benefits. Base on the multi-objective linear programming model and through the setting of 14 variables, this paper has proposed the land use structural optimization program for the rational land planning of Foshan, thus providing reference for the rational land planning of economically developed area.
Research on Residual Oil Distribution Regular with the Application of Facies Controlled Modeling and Reservoir Numerical Simulation
Authors: Wei Hua Bin , Shi Shang Ming , Zhao Pan , Huo Dong Kai , Zhu Wan Zhen
Published: December 2012

The high water cut stage on the residual oil distribution regularity in late development stage of oilfield is difficult in Daqing oilfield, North West Water Flooding fine demonstration zone development time is long, well under the complicated characteristic, adopts phase control of three-dimensional geological modeling and the method of reservoir numerical simulation in the demonstration zone, structural features and sedimentary characteristics of based on the establishment of demonstration zone, three-dimensional geological model. Through the application of fine reservoir numerical simulation method for the numerical simulation of remaining oil, and a summary of the demonstration zone of residual oil distribution law and cause of formation, provides reliable basis for the next step of oilfield development adjustment.
Marine Functional Zoning Methods Based on the Three-Dimensional Subsystems - Case of Dongying Coastal Area
Authors: Liu Da Hai , Chen Xiao Ying , Chen Ye , Zhang Zhi Wei , Li Sheng
Published: December 2012

This paper is based on marine functional zoning and sustainable development theories; and it takes into consideration of the land-and-sea integrity strategy. Through index selection and model construction on the studies of regional marine resources and environment carrying capacity, the development density, and the development potential, the paper establishes a scientific evaluation system, and divides the studied coastal area into three function zones: optimized development zone, key development zone and restricted development zone. The paper takes four coastal regions/counties in Dongying as examples.
Transition of Land Finance and Sustainable Development: A Theoretical Analysis
Authors: Chen Hong Xia
Published: December 2012

Land finance pushed up house prices, fueled the real estate speculation, caused the local government financial risk, and buried the hidden danger in macro economic stability. This situation must be reformed. The research method is literature analysis. The result shows: in order to lessen the negative effects of land finance, we should deepen and perfect the reform of fiscal and taxation systems, divide financial power and responsibility reasonably, look for alternative sources of revenue actively, and reform tax system. At the same time, it must be done to change land assets management mode, break the local government’s monopoly of the land, and thus eliminate the local government impulse of selling land to raise funds.
The Study of Potential Evaluation and Spatial Distribution of Intensive Land Use in Development Zone Based on GIS Technology
Authors: Ren Ping , Zhou Jie Ming , Wu Fen Na
Published: December 2012

As a concentration center of modern industry and an important power of regional economic growing, development zone played a key role in improving rapid growth of economy. And it is also an engine of regional economical development and a new base of technology innovation. However, problems of development zone expansion and extensive land use have not been solved eventually. Based on basic investigations of land use, industrial development and economic situation of the development zone, this paper introduced a way of combination of GIS technology and mathematic model to evaluate potential size of intensive land us, especially information about the distribution and quantity of unused land, idle land and inefficiently used land. This is significant for the development zones to control blind expansion, improve identification of inefficiently used land, establish intensive land use model and build a perfect appraisal regulation and a long-term mechanism for intensive land use.
The Discussion of Livable Evaluation in Industrial Removed Area
Authors: Xu Hong Xue , Wang Ting Ting
Published: December 2012

The construction practice of Tiexi District Shenyang Xinhu community is taken as an example to study three different evaluation indexes of livable city in industrial removed area. Three evaluation indexes include:Firstly, live conveniently which contains traffic, shopping, activity and so on. Secondly, pleasant environment which includes natural environment quality protection and cultural atmosphere and man-made landscape environment construction. Finally, the building layout and property management.
Study on Fault Activity in Linnan Area of Huimin Depression, Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Zhou Hao Wei , Jiang Zai Xing , Dong Jin , Wu Zhi Ping , Li Wei
Published: December 2012

Based on the analysis of growth index, fault throw and fault activity rate, we find the method of fault activity rate integrates advantages of other methods which avoids the influence of erosion and could carry out comparison among fault activities of different geological times. We optimize the method of fault activity rate to analyze the characteristics of fault activities in Linnan area and the results show: the main direction of the faults in Linnan area is nearly NEE-trending and most of the faults have two larger activity periods. It acts intensively in the period of Es2 and Ed and weakens in the period of Es1 and Ng. There is a small comeback in the period of Nm at last. We conduct the force analysis of this area based on stress ellipsoid and find that the stress state agrees well with the regional geological background. The evolution of faults is impacted by the subduction of the Pacific plate and the compression of the Indian Ocean plate.
Assessing the Impact of Corn-Ethanol Production on Global Corn Price Based on a VAR Model
Authors: Wu Ling Xiao , Ji Jun Ping , Ma Xiao Ming
Published: December 2012

The fuel ethanol industry has been in rapid development in recent years with the US as a leading force, which consumes large amount of corn. In order to assess the impact of corn-ethanol production on global corn price, a VAR model is used in this paper. By impulse responses analysis and variance decomposition analysis the direct impact of corn-ethanol production on global corn price and its relative importance compared with other external factors are proved. The results show that increasing amount of corn used for US ethanol production leads to rapid increases of global corn price when the corn production is steady. The proportion of corn used for ethanol production among total corn production in the US plays an important role in affecting global corn price among all external factors, and the significance of its impact will enhance in the long run. The fuel ethanol industry should turn to non-grain materials in the future to keep the global corn price steady and guarantee global food security, and it’s necessary for all fuel ethanol producers to take action.
A Potential Substitute of Fermentation Material in Gansu Province
Authors: Wang Ju Fang , Ma Liang , Lu Dong , Dong Xi Cun , Li Wen Jian
Published: December 2012

Sweet sorghum has the advantage to grow on saline-alkaline barren land, and is very suitable to plant in Gansu province for different uses such as feedingstuff and fermentation material. However, in the previous test, it was found that the biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae using sweet sorghum juice produced in Gansu province was as low as 8.5 g/l and could not meet the needs of mass production of yeast and ethanol. To attain high biomass, the optimal culture conditions were investigated. It was found that the proper culture time, temperature, pH and sugar content for yeast growth in sweet sorghum juice were 20 h, 30 °C, 6.0 and 80.5 g/l, respectively. An orthogonal design L9 (34) was used to test the optimal inorganic salt supplement quantity. The results showed that high biomass yield was achieved when the juice was supplemented with 2.0 g/l (NH4)2SO4 which was a little bit different from other report. Finally, the biomass yield of 19.3 g/l and conversion efficiency (yeast to sugars) of 0.452 was obtained in a 10-100 liter bioreactor under the determined optimal conditions. These findings demonstrate that with some modifications on the culture conditions, sweet sorghum juice is a very potential substitute of fermentation material for yeast and ethanol production in Gansu province.