bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socioemotional Wealth and Firms’ Control: Evidence from Malaysian Chinese Owned Companies
Authors: Goh Chin Fei , Rasli Amran , Tan Owee Kowang , Choi Sang Long
Published: January 2017

This paper explores how the preservation of socioemotional wealth can be manifested in the control and corporate governance of Malaysian Chinese firms. Using panel data from the Industrial Products index of the Bursa Malaysia (the Malaysian stock exchange) during 2003-2006, we show that the ingrained ‘life-raft values’ among overseas Chinese entrepreneurs can be associated with the preservation of their socioemotional wealth, and thus they prioritize control over their firms. Additionally, we confirm the monitoring role of non-dominant large shareholders in reducing the families’ influence in managing and enhancing their firms’ performance. Specifically, control contestability exercised by the non-dominant large shareholders mediates the relationship between a family’s involvement in management and their firm’s performance.
The Role of Emotional and Rational Trust in Explaining Attitudinal and Behavioral Loyalty: An Insight Into SME Brands
Authors: Ong Chuan Huat , Salleh Salniza Md. , Yusoff Rushami Zien
Published: January 2017

Brand trust is a powerful asset for Small and Medium size Enterprises (SMEs) to retain good relationships with their loyal customers, to ensure their long term survival. However, SME managers first need to understand the consequences of the two unique emotional and rational components of trust on attitudinal and behavioral loyalty, because both loyalty dimensions have unique consequences for a brand’s performance. Hence, this study aims to answer two research issues: (1) Do brand intentions and brand reliability influence both attitudinal loyalty and behavioral loyalty? (2) Which component of trust explains attitudinal and behavioral loyalty more? Data were obtained from 210 customers through the use of an intercept survey method on successful SME brands in the restaurant industry. The findings revealed that emotional and rational trust influenced both attitudinal and behavioral loyalty. Despite that, customers have a higher tendency to exhibit attitudinal and behavioral loyalty when a brand can be relied upon to deliver on its promises.
Segregação dinâmica urbana: modelagem e mensuração
Authors: Netto Vinicius De Moraes , Krafta Romulo
Published: January 2017

A presente pesquisa oferece uma abordagem alternativa para a visão da segregação como processo de afastamento entre classes sociais pela produção de zonas de habitação segregadas. As rotinas sociais, formadas pela montagem dos percursos e atividades típicas das classes em função de diferentes lógicas e padrões de apropriação, estruturarão redes sociais distintas dentro de um mesmo sistema urbano. A segregação assim é observada na incompatibilidade ou pouca sobreposição das redes sociais constituídas pelas ações dos indivíduos sobre o espaço urbano, conformando-se como fenômeno dinâmico. Esta visão da segregação não como áreas segregadas mas como ação e apropriação dos espaços da cidade possibilita mensurar quanto há de segregação em uma cidade. O modelo mostra a dinâmica das classes sobre o espaço urbano, e o conseqüente panorama da segregação social, visualizado na sobreposição das redes (como um mapa dinâmico da segregação), resultando na propriedade do Nível de Segregação Urbana.Palavras-chave: segregação social; redes sociais; dinâmica das classes; modelagem. Abstract: The current work intends to propose a different approach to the phenomenon of segregation, usually analyzed as social distance motivated by the production of segregated areas. The individuals routines – made of typical-by-class daily activities and movement structure, based on different logics and patterns of social appropriation – will constitute social networks of class appropriation defined by specific income levels. Therefore, the notion of social segregation can be taken as particular dynamic networks, barely superimposed. The whole process gives a dynamic view on the phenomenon. The notion of segregation viewed not as segregated areas but as segregated appropriation on urban spaces (grid and attractors) permits to measure the level of segregation of a town. The model shows the classes dynamics on urban space and the panorama of social segregation, upon the level of superimposition of the different networks over the same urban macrostructure – resulting in the property of Urban Segregational Level.Keywords: social segregation; social networks; classes dynamics; modeling.
A criação da ANPUR: gestão do conselho diretor provisório, 1983-1984
Authors: Grinover Lúcio
Published: January 2017

A criação da ANPUR: gestão do conselho diretor provisório, 1983-1984
O urbanismo no Brasil: 1895-1965
Authors: Jorge Wilson Edson
Published: January 2017

O urbanismo no Brasil: 1895-1965Maria Cristina da Silva Leme (Coord.),São Paulo: Studio Nobel; FAUUSP; FUPAM, 1999.
¿Qué debe hacer el gobierno local ante los grandes emprendimientos en el comercio minorista?
Authors: Coraggio José Luis , Cesar Ruben
Published: January 2017

A raíz de la situación planteada por la solicitud de la empresa Carrefour de instalar un segundo supermercado en la ciudad de Porto Alegre, se suscitó una polémica a la cual este artículo pretende aportar datos de la experiencia argentina de penetración de ese tipo de megaemprendimientos comerciales. A la vez se plantean algunas vías de acción alternativa, tanto en lo referente a la negociación con el gran capital foráneo como en lo referido al fortalecimiento de opciones más competitivas para el pequeño comercio local.Palabras-clave: emprendimientos comerciales; capital comercial; impacto económico; alianza popular. Abstract: Following the request of Carrefour to expand its activities in Porto Alegre, a discussion is held concerning what local government should do. This article attempts to bring the Argentinian experience to bear regarding the strategies and consequences of global retail monopolies, and presents some policy alternatives. Keywords: commercial capital; commercial enterprise; economic impact; popular alliances.
Impacto da aplicação de novos instrumentos urbanísticos em cidades do estado de São Paulo
Authors: Rolnik Raquel
Published: January 2017

Este trabalho refere-se aos resultados da pesquisa Impacto da aplicação de novos instrumentos urbanísticos em cidades do Estado de São Paulo. Coloca-se a pergunta: passados dez anos da promulgação da Constituição — que inclui em seu texto uma série de novos instrumentos urbanísticos comprometidos com a idéia de ampliação do acesso à terra e moradia por parte do setor popular —, o que ocorreu nos municípios brasileiros com mais de 20.000 habitantes em relação a Planos Diretores e instrumentos urbanísticos previstos por lei? Qual é o perfil e a forma de elaboração desses planos? Os novos instrumentos, se adotados, possibilitam novas formas de administrar os conflitos urbanos? A pesquisa levanta a situação da legislação nos municípios, por meio de um questionário. Elabora o conceito de exclusão territorial, significando que parcela da população vive em condições de precariedade no que diz respeito à infra-estrutura urbana e às condições de habitabilidade do local de moradia. Em um segundo momento, realizaram-se estudos de caso em três municípios — Guarujá, Diadema e Jaboticabal —, aprofundando-se o estudo das relações entre os diferentes modelos econômicos e os processos de regulação urbanística.Palavras-chave: planejamento urbano; regulação urbanística; reforma urbana; urbanismo. Abstract: This paper refers to the results of the research project Effects of the Implementation of New Land Use Controls in the Cities of São Paulo State. It raises the following question: ten years after the introduction of the new Constitution — whose text includes new urban land use controls aimed at increasing land and housing for the poor — what has happened in cities of over 20.000 inhabitants concerning Master Plans and land use regulation procedures? What is the form and quality of the process which has led to these plans? Do the new controls, where in use, allow new ways of managing urban conflicts? The research looks into the current legislation situation in these cities through a series of questions. The concept of territorial exclusion is defined, meaning how much of the local population lives in precarious conditions regarding urban infra-structure and housing conditions. In the second part, three case studies were conducted — in the cities of Guarujá, Diadema and Jaboticabal — studying more thoroughly the relations between different local economic models, land regulation processes and territorial exclusion. Keywords: urban planning; urban planning regulations; urban reform; urbanism.
Por uma outra globalização: do pensamento único à consciência universal
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Clara Torres
Published: January 2017

Por uma outra globalização: do pensamento único à consciência universalMilton Santos,Rio de Janeiro / São Paulo: Editora Record, 2000.
O emprego industrial metropolitano e a nova divisão espacial do trabalho no Brasil
Authors: Piquet Rosélia
Published: January 2017

O texto apresenta e analisa as mudanças na estrutura industrial das Regiões Metropolitanas de Fortaleza, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, decorrentes das novas condições de competitividade em que se insere o País no presente. No levantamento empírico elaborado, utiliza-se o emprego formal como indicador da estrutura industrial. Os dados foram extraídos da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais – Rais, Ministério do Trabalho, em relação ao período 1986-1996, e sua interpretação baseia-se nos campos de análise da localização industrial, das cadeias produtivas, da competitividade empresarial e, ainda, da organização espacial da produção. O que se procura mostrar é que a maior abertura internacional e a fragmentação das cadeias produtivas têm fortalecido especializações regionais geradoras de focos dinâmicos, mesmo em áreas tidas como regiões-problema. As novas localizações, contudo, só se verificam nos segmentos mais leves da indústria, de menor densidade de capital e mais intensivos em mão-de-obra. Palavras-chave: localização industrial; organização territorial; regiões metropolitanas; mercado de trabalho. Abstract: The text details and analyses the changes in the industrial system of the metropolitan regions of Fortaleza, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo arising from the new competitive conditions which this country is currently subject to. For the purposes of the empirical study carried out, formal employment was used as a measure of the industrial system. The data came from the Annual Report on Social Information (Rais) of the Ministry of Labour relating to the period 1986-1996. Interpretation of the data was based on analysis of industrial location, production chains, company competitiveness and the geographical organization of production. The intention was to show that greater openness to international connections and the fragmentation of chains of production has strengthened regional specializations, creating dynamic nuclei, even in areas said to be problem regions. This reorganisation, however, has taken place only in light industry which is labour intensive and has a lower capital concentration. Keywords: industrial location; territorial organization; metropolitan regions; labour market.
Os rumos da cidade: urbanismo e modernização em São Paulo
Authors: Correia Telma De Barros
Published: January 2017

Os rumos da cidade: urbanismo e modernização em São PauloCandido Malta Campos,São Paulo: Editora Senac, 2002.
Uma ponte para a urbanidade
Authors: Holanda Frederico De
Published: January 2017

Este trabalho explora procedimentos analíticos quantitativos para caracterizar três tipos de atributos morfológicos da capital brasileira. Primeiro, o Plano Piloto não é central em face do sistema urbano maior ao qual de fato pertence e, contrariando os pressupostos colocados por Lúcio Costa no memorial do projeto de Brasília, ele já nasceu excêntrico. Segundo, trata-se de um sistema extremamente disperso, o que é caracterizado aqui por meio de duas medidas alternativas de compacidade. Terceiro, há uma fortíssima segregação socioespacial, caracterizada pelas fracas correlações obtidas entre localização de empregos, localização de habitações, e acessibilidade física: não apenas a grande maioria dos empregos também é excêntrica (pois mais de 70% deles estão no Plano Piloto), como a grande maioria dos moradores concentra-se nas partes mais segregadas da cidade. Ao final do trabalho, especula-se medidas que implicam maior urbanidade para a Capital Federal.Palavras-chave: Brasília; centralidade; compacidade; segregação social; sintaxe espacial; desenho urbano; urbanidade. Abstract: This paper explores quantitative analytic procedures in order to characterise three types of morphological attributes of the Brazilian Capital. First, the Pilot Plan is not central concerning the larger urban system in which it is situated and, contradicting principles put forward by Lúcio Costa in his Pilot Plan Report, it has never been central. Second, the system is extremely dispersed, and this is characterised here by means of two alternative measures of compactness. Third, there is a strong sociospatial segregation, characterised by the weak correlations which obtain among localization of jobs, localization of homes, and physical accessibility: not only the great majority of jobs is also eccentric (for more than 70% locate in the Pilot Plan), but also the great majority of inhabitants live in the most segregated bits of the city. At the end of the paper we discuss measures that imply a greater urbanity for the Federal Capital. Keywords: Brasília; centrality; compactness; social segregation; space syntax; urban design; urbanity.
A ANPUR em novo patamar: estruturando novos âmbitos de atuação, 1999-2001
Authors: Gonçalves Maria Flora
Published: January 2017

A ANPUR em novo patamar: estruturando novos âmbitos de atuação, 1999-2001
Favelas no município de São Paulo: estimativas de população para os anos de 1991, 1996 e 2000
Authors: Marques Eduardo , Torres Haroldo Da Gama , Saraiva Camila
Published: January 2017

Em muitas cidades brasileiras as favelas representam a principal alternativa habitacional para as populações de baixa renda há várias décadas, mas na cidade de São Paulo esta solução habitacional não merecia destaque até os anos 70. A sua importância, entretanto, cresceu muito, recentemente, pela insuficiência das políticas estatais e devido à redução da presença relativa dos loteamentos clandestinos. Se a importância do problema é consensual, o seu tamanho tem sido objeto de debate. Este artigo objetiva rever as estimativas de população favelada em São Paulo. Desenvolvemos uma nova metodologia de baixo custo, potencialmente aplicável em outros contextos urbanos. O método se baseia em sistema de informações geográficas, permitindo estimar a população ao comparar as cartografias da Prefeitura de São Paulo com os setores censitários dos Censos Demográficos (IBGE).Palavras-chave: favelas; estimativas populacionais; políticas de habitação; espaço urbano; São Paulo. Shantytowns in São Paulo city: population estimates for 1991, 1996 and 2000Abstract: In several Brazilian cities, the shantytowns represent the most important housing alternative for low income social groups, but in the city of São Paulo this precarious solution was not very important until the decade of 1970. However, its importance grew recently at a fast pace, due to the inefficiency of the state policies and to the relative decline of the presence of the irregular settlements. If the relevance of the problem is a consensus in the urban studies literature, its size has been object of an intense debate. This article aims reviewing the estimates for the population of the shantytowns in São Paulo. We develop a low cost methodology, of potential application in other cities. The method is based in geographic information systems, allowing us to estimate the population through the comparison between the administrative cartographies of the Municipality of São Paulo and the census tracts of the census bureau (IBGE). Keywords: shantytowns; population estimates; housing policies; urban space; São Paulo.
Das economias de aglomeração às externalidades dinâmicas de conhecimento: por uma releitura de São Paulo
Authors: Tinoco Alexandre
Published: January 2017

Ao reconstituir o debate sobre especialização/diversificação setorial como motor do desenvolvimento urbano, este artigo retraça a construção dos conceitos de externalidades dinâmicas MAR e Jacobs e os reutiliza para o estudo dos processos inovativos das empresas industriais da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Com isso, busca aprofundar o debate teórico e a interpretação da realidade econômica paulistana da década de 1990, de um enfoque baseado nas estratégias dos agentes econômicos aí presentes. Para tanto, é necessário compreender as estratégias de inserção a redes de informação para o processo inovativo, com base na construção de um portfolio setorial de fontes.Palavras-chave: economias de aglomeração; externalidades de conhecimento; inovação; especialização; diversificação. From the accumulation economy to the dynamic externalities of knowledge: for a new reading of São PauloAbstract: Reconstructing the debate on the specialization/diversification of the economic activity as the engine of the urban development, this article retraces the construction of the concepts of dynamic externalities MAR and Jacobs and reuses them for the study of the innovative processes of the industrial firms of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. Therefore, it searches to deepen the following debates: one in the field of the theoretical construction and other in the field of interpretation of economic reality of São Paulo in the decade of 1990. The empirical instruments for such are based on the construction of an industry portfolio of sources for the innovative process.Keywords: economies of agglomeration; externalities of knowledge; innovation; specialization; diversification.
O Estado e a Exceção ou o Estado de Exceção?
Authors: Oliveira Francisco De
Published: January 2017

O texto discute o papel do Estado hoje no Brasil e em particular o do planejamento. Se historicamente as relações entre o Estado e o urbano pautaram-se por um esforço de normatividade da relação capital-trabalho, cabendo ao planejamento enquadrar a exceção e transformá-la em norma, transformações radicais recentes na economia e sociedade brasileiras sugerem que a exceção parece ter enquadrado o planejamento. Às desigualdades históricas da sociedade brasileira vieram juntar-se aquelas advindas da reestruturação produtiva e da globalização, reformatando o mercado, funcionalizando a relação Estado-capital, transformando políticas sociais em antipolíticas de funcionalização da pobreza, erigindo em norma o que antes dela se afastava, pontuando um esforço teórico que transitou da busca da normatividade para a racionalização da exceção.Plavras-chave: relações Estado–urbano; planejamento urbano; desigualdade social; Brasil. The state and the exclusion: or the exception state?Abstract: The text looks at the role played by the State in Brazil today and in particular the role of planning. If, historically, the relationships between the State and the urban issues were based on an effort to ease the relationship between capital and labor, planning to control the exception and to transform it into the rule, recent radical changes in the Brazilian economy and society suggest that the exception has itself curbed planning. To the inequalities typical of Brazilian society were added those stemming from the productive re-structure promoted by globalization, which re-shaped the market, re-purposing the relationship between State and capital, while turning social policies into anti-policies of poverty, transforming into the rule what beforehand was considered a deviation from it and promoting a theoretical effort the aim of which is to rationalize the exception and turn it into the norm.Keywords: relationship State-urban; urban planning; social inequality; Brazil.
Privatizando o H2O: transformando águas locais em dinheiro global
Authors: Swyngedouw Erik
Published: January 2017

O artigo aborda criticamente o projeto global de privatização e mercantilização de recursos hídricos. Na primeira seção, as políticas neoliberais de privatização são contextualizadas histórica e politicamente. Em uma segunda seção, o discurso da “escassez” da água é explorado, relacionando-o com a lógica da privatização. Na seção subseqüente, as estratégias das corporações globais que dividem o mercado de água são examinadas. Isso, por sua vez, nos leva a considerar a centralidade contínua do Estado e o controle na regulamentação do setor de saneamento, assim como a uma discussão sobre a posição enfraquecida do cidadão vis-à-vis esses modos de controle da água. Por fim, as contradições da privatização da água são exploradas.Palavras-chave: recursos hídricos; privatização; saneamento. Abstract: The paper critically engages with the global project of commodifying and privatizing water resources. In the first part, neo-liberal privatization policies are contextualized historically and politically. In a second part, the discourse of water ‘scarcity’ is explored in relation to the logic of privatization. In a subsequent part, the strategies of global corporations that share the water markets will be examined. This, in turn, leads to a consideration of the continuing centrality of the state and of ‘governance’ in the regulation of the water sector, and to a discussion of the weakened position of the citizen vis-à-vis these modes of water governance. Finally, the contradictions of water privatization will be explored.Keywords: water resources; privatisation; sanitation.
Sustainable place
Authors: Magalhães Roberto Anderson De Miranda
Published: January 2017

Sustainable placeChristine Phillips, West Sussex, England: Wiley-Academy, 2003.
Planos diretores municipais: aspectos legais e conceituais
Authors: Lacerda Norma , Marinho Geraldo , Bahia Clara , Queiroz Paulo , Pecchio Rubén
Published: January 2017

Com a Constituição de 1988, obrigando as cidades com mais de vinte mil habitantes a elaborarem ou revisarem os seus planos diretores, e com a promulgação do Estatuto da Cidade (2001), regulamentando os instrumentos previstos constitucionalmente, vários trabalhos foram publicados em um contexto estimulante e polêmico que, sem dúvida, deverá continuar a alimentar o diálogo entre planejadores urbanos e especialistas em direito urbanístico: estimulante, por significar a retomada do planejamento municipal, e polêmico, porque os textos legais estão sujeitos a diferentes interpretações. É exatamente nesse ambiente que se insere a presente reflexão, trazendo à tona a importância do Plano Diretor como instrumento de planejamento municipal, discutindo se ele deve se conformar como um plano geral de desenvolvimento ou privilegiar o ordenamento territorial, propondo uma base conceitual para a sua elaboração e, finalmente, indicando os desafios da gestão do seu processo de elaboração e implementação.Palavras-chave: Estatuto da Cidade; planos diretores; planejamento urbano. Abstract: Along with Brazil’s 1988 Constitution came the obligation for cities with a population larger than 20.000 to elaborate or review their Master Urban Plans. Later the Estatuto da Cidade (2001), regulated a series of instruments that the constitution anticipated. Since then many papers have been published in this stimulating context. This new predicament will, undoubtedly, enrich the rapport between urban planners and specialists in urban law. This paper fits exactly in this new milieu, emphasizing the significance of Master Urban Plans as an instrument of local planning, and the discussion whether these plans should be general development instruments or should privilege territorial aspects. The paper also proposes a conceptual base for the elaboration of plans and points to the challenges facing the management of its elaboration and implementation.Keywords: Estatuto da Cidade; master urban plans; urban planning.
A cidade dos catadores: os papéis e o espaço dos catadores de papel na cidade de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Fonseca Rodolfo Nazareth Junqueira
Published: January 2017

Puxado à tração humana, o carrinho do catador de papel oscila deslocado entre o espaço do pedestre na calçada, onde é incompatível pelo seu porte, e as ruas da cidade, onde são incapazes de desempenhar a velocidade dos automóveis. A partir disso, desenvolve-se uma análise que articula tanto uma leitura da relação dos catadores de papel com a cidade quanto do espaço da cidade por intermédio dos catadores, demonstrando uma forma de vivência e apropriação do espaço urbano. Palavras-chave: catadores; espaço urbano; trabalho de rua. Abstract: Pulled by human traction, the stand of the paper pickers oscillates, dislocated between the space of the pedestrian in the sidewalk, where it is incompatible for its transport, and the streets of the city, where they are incapable to play the speed of the automobiles. Due to these facts, an analysis is developed in such a way to articulate not only a reading of the relation of the paper pickers with the city, but also of how this space of the city appears through the eyes of these pickers, demonstrating its proper form of appropriation of the urban space. Keywords: paper pickers; urban space; street workers.
Desigualdades socioespaciais nas cidades do agronegócio
Authors: Elias Denise , Pequeno Renato
Published: January 2017

No Brasil, a territorialização do capital e a oligopolização do espaço agrário têm promovido profundos impactos socioespaciais, tanto no campo como nas cidades. Isto explica em parte a reestruturação do território e a organização de um novo sistema urbano, muito mais complexo – resultado da difusão da agricultura científica e do agronegócio globalizados – e que têm poder de impor especializações produtivas ao território. Neste artigo, defende-se a tese de que é possível identificar no Brasil agrícola moderno vários municípios cuja urbanização se deve diretamente à consecução e expansão do agronegócio, formando-se cidades cuja função principal claramente se associa às demandas produtivas dos setores associados à modernização da agricultura – sendo que nestas cidades se realiza a materialização das condições gerais de reprodução do capital do agronegócio. Para tanto, são apresentados alguns pressupostos que explicariam este tipo de cidade, que denominamos de cidade do agronegócio. Da mesma forma, considerando que a difusão do agronegócio se dá de forma social e espacialmente excludentes, promovendo o acirramento das desigualdades, buscamos mostrar algumas das formas como elas se reproduzem nas cidades do agronegócio. A moradia é a principal variável de análise destas desigualdades. Palavras-chave: agricultura científica; agronegócio; reestruturação urbana; cidades do agronegócio; desigualdades socioespaciais. Abstract: In Brazil, deep socio-spatial impacts have been promoted by the territorialization of capital and the oligopolies at the agrarian space, in the countryside and in the cities. This explains partially the process of re-structuring of the territory as well as the organization of a new urban system, which is much more complex, being the result of the spreading of the scientific agriculture and the global agribusiness, which are empowered to impose productive specialization to the territory. In this article, it is defended the thesis of the possibility of identifying in the modern agrarian Brazil, some municipalities which urbanization is directly related to the attainment and the spread of the agribusiness, generating cities, which main function is clearly associated to the productive demands of the sectors partners of the modernization of agriculture, being also important to mention that at these cities the materialization of the general conditions of reproducing the capital of the agribusiness has been realized. Therefore, some presuppositions are presented in order to explain this kind of city, which we denominate by city of the agribusiness. Considering that the spreading of the agribusiness promotes social and spatial exclusion, as well as the incitement of the disparities, we intend to show some aspects of how the cities of agribusiness have been reproduced mainly using the housing as the main variable for this analysis. Keywords: scientific agriculture; agribusiness; urban restructuring; city of agribusiness; social and spatial disparities.
Desigualdade e associativismo: proximidade espacial e distância social na conformação da sociedade civil
Authors: Silva Marcelo Kunrath , Zanata Jr. Rui
Published: January 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os efeitos das profundas desigualdades que marcam a sociedade brasileira sobre a conformação da vida associativa nas grandes cidades, tendo por referência uma pesquisa empírica realizada com uma Associação de Moradores de um tradicional bairro de classe média de Porto Alegre. A partir do estudo das relações e da atuação desta entidade, percebe-se um alto grau de segmentação do tecido associativo da cidade em decorrência das marcantes distâncias estruturais e relacionais entre seus moradores. Devido a esta segmentação, as entidades de classe média e alta tendem a estabelecer vínculos e desenvolver ações com atores que compartilham posições similares no espaço social. Ao mesmo tempo, tendem a não se relacionar com entidades populares, mesmo que espacialmente próximas. Este resultado indica que as desigualdades costumam se reproduzir nos processos associativos que conformam a sociedade civil brasileira, tema pouco abordado pela literatura dedicada ao tema.Palavras-chave: associativismo; sociedade civil; desigualdade; distância social; Porto Alegre. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze how the great inequalities of Brazilian society affects on the conformation of associational life in the big cities, based on a empirical research with an Neighborhood Association of a traditional middle-class neighborhood of Porto Alegre. From the study of relations and the action of this entity, we can see a high degree of segmentation of the social fabric of the city as a result of the marked structural and relational distances between its residents. Because of this segmentation, the associations of middle and upper classes tend to establish links and develop actions with actors who share similar positions in social space. At the same time, they do not tend to relate to popular organizations, even though spatially close. These results indicate that inequalities tend to reproduce in the associative processes that make up the Brazilian civil society, a subject rarely discussed in the literature on the topic.Keywords: association; civil society; inequality; social distance; Porto Alegre.
Arranjos urbano-regionais: uma categoria complexa na metropolização brasileira
Authors: Moura Rosa
Published: January 2017

O objeto de discussão deste texto é uma categoria espacial que transcende as aglomerações urbanas em seu aspecto morfológico; caracteriza-se pela concentração extremada da riqueza, do conhecimento e do poder; enreda-se em um feixe de fluxos de variadas ordens; e se compõe de uma multiescalaridade diversa e conflituosa. Refere-se aos arranjos urbano-regionais, uma configuração fisicamente expandida, de natureza híbrida, sem definir limites precisos, e que revela os principais elos da rede urbana e da inserção regional na divisão social do trabalho. Esses arranjos distribuem-se pelo território nacional, sendo o de maior proeminência o do entorno da metrópole de São Paulo. Posto que é um conceito em construção, está aberto ao debate.Palavras-chave: urbano-regional; arranjos espaciais; metropolização; aglomeração urbana; região urbana. Abstract: A spatial category that transcends the urban agglomerations, in this morphological aspect, which is characterized by wealth concentration, knowledge and power, which inserts numerous flows from varied orders, and that is composed by a diverse and confrontational multiple scalar net is the object of discussion in this text. It refers to the urban-regional arrangements, a configuration physically expanded, with hybrid dimension, without defining precise limits, and that leads the urban network organization and regional integration in the social division of labor. These arrangements appear in the national territory, and the most representative, due his greater prominence, is the one surroundings São Paulo metropolis. As it is a concept in construction, it is important to be placed in the debate.Keywords: urban-regional; spatial arrangements; metropolization; urban agglomeration; urban region.
Power Electronics for Grid Integration of Wind Power Generation System
Authors: Okundamiya Michael S
Published: January 2017

The rising demands for a sustainable energy system have stimulated global interests in renewable energy sources. Wind is the fastest growing and promising source of renewable power generation globally. The inclusion of wind power into the electric grid can severely impact the monetary cost, stability and quality of the grid network due to the erratic nature of wind. Power electronics technology can enable optimum performance of the wind power generation system, transferring suitable and applicable energy to the electricity grid. Power electronics can be used for smooth transfer of wind energy to electricity grid but the technology for wind turbines is influenced by the type of generator employed, the energy demand and the grid requirements. This paper investigates the constraints and standards of wind energy conversion technology and the enabling power electronic technology for integration to electricity grid.
Big Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Authors: Ruzgas Tomas , Jakubėlienė Kristina , Buivytė Aistė
Published: January 2017

The article dealt with exploration methods and tools for big data. It identifies the challenges encountered in the analysis of big data. Defined notion of big data. describe the technology for big data analysis. Article provides an overview of tools which are designed for big data analytics.
Knowledge management: using information technology to obtain knowledge in a competitive environment
Authors: Cavalcanti Marly
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this article is to emphasize the importance of corporate governance, information systems and their theoretical and practical knowledge in the upcoming years. It does not only offer an analysis of the use of information and knowledge in universities, but also explains its main significance. Another objective is to join some specific fields such as artificial intelligence, information systems, marketing, marketing research and knowledge management so that sharing, distribution and creation can be transmitted to the undergraduate student of business administration as well. In order to write this paper, the available bibliography was reviewed and a quantitative exploratory research was conducted in some universities in São Paulo, Brazil. The study showed that students of the undergraduate courses in Business Administration had low level of knowledge in Information System and Marketing Research while they are in the school and this fact permit analytical vision of risks in the treatment of governance.
A tale of lost chances. A short history of corporate governance and ownership in Italy
Authors: Colli Andrea
Published: January 2017

When the process of institutional transformation reached its peak at the end of the Nineties, many commentators (and politicians) said the Italian system of governance, ownership and control of large firms was on the verge of a (hopefully) quick process of convergence towards the Anglo-Saxon standards of transparency, protection of minority shareholders, diffused presence of institutional investors able to exert a monitoring role over the management and an increase in the efficiency of the whole system. Apart from these expectations, this process has been occuring at a very slow pace – and according to other observers, has not taken place at all. This article through a dynamic, historical approach reconstructs the process of evolution and change in the institutional framework, and explores the reasons of this limited convergence.
Evaluasi Pembelajaran di Madrasah Diniyah Miftachul Hikmah Denanyar Tangen Sragen
Authors: Junanto Subar
Published: January 2017

The problems occurred in Madrasah Diniyah Miftachul Hikmah were the lack of funding, teachers competence, facilitiesand infrastructure, as well as theallocation of study time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the learning process at this school. This research employed combined qualitative and quantitative methods;conducted in Madrasah Diniyah Miftachul Hikmah Denanyar village, Tangen subdistrict, Sragen regency on 2015. The subject of this study was the teachers and students of this school.The data was gathered through aquestionnaire, observation, interview, and documentation which later analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively using CIPP (context, input, process, product) evaluation model. The ContextEvaluation showed that communitys participation in administrating this school was low, evidenced by the absent of suggestions and ideas from students parents for the continuation of the program. The Input Evaluation indicated that facilities and infrastructure in this school categorized as inadequate, only 60% of the real need of supporting facilities, learning materials, skills materials and kits are. The Process Evaluation on teachers activities in the learning process observed from preparation, strategy, ending the class, management and evaluation of learning process are categorized as adequate. Lastly, the Product Evaluation based on the data showed that majority of students thought that Madrasah Diniyahprovides enough benefits, none of them thought otherwise.Keywords: Learning evaluation, Madrasah Diniyah, CIPP evaluation model.
Hubungan Antara Kemandirian Belajar dengan Prestasi Belajar PAI Siswa Kelas III SDN Panularan Surakarta
Authors: Fatihah Miftaqul Al
Published: January 2017

The background of this research werethe less satisfying result of the student achievements in PAI; the lack of students seriousness to plan their learning activities;and the lack of responsibility for addressing the problems of their studies. The purpose of this research was to find out: 1) the students learning independence 2) the PAI learning achievement, and 3) the relationship between students learning independence and PAI achievements of grade III students in SDN Panularan Surakarta academic year 2015/2016. This research employed correlational quantitative approach. It was carried out from May 2015 until June 2016 with a total sample of 33 students. Samples were determined using simple random sampling, and data were collected using questionnaireand test. There were only 30 out of 40 questions in the questionnaire and 26 out of 27 questions in the test declared as valid and reliable after thetrial. Hypothesis testing is performed with acorrelation of product moment. This study concluded that the students learning independence was categorized as moderate (64.7%) so was their PAI learning achievement (16.95%). It was also found that students learning independence and their achievement are positively correlated.Keywords: Study independence, PAI learning achievement, correlation of product moment.
AN EPISTMOLOGICAL REVIEW ON HUMANISTIC EDUCATION THEORY
Authors: Untari Lilik
Published: January 2017

Humanism as a paradigm is often declared as an alternative approach to education. This paradigm is, in fact, an approach developed in the field of literature and education. The objective of this study is to determine the values underlie the epistemology of the humanistic education theory. Epistemology is the elements that are abstract or implicit. To recognize the epistemology of humanism education theory, this study examines the elements of basic assumptions, values and models of the theory. The results show that the assumptions promoting the theory have similarities with the basic assumptions of the phenomenological epistemology. It sees humans as creatures with consciousness and knowledge for what he did. Thus, every humanâ€™s behavior or action is conducted in purpose. In humanistic education theory, meaningfulness and usefulness of the learning process are determined by the learner, not the educator. For that reason, learning design and methods should be developed by the participants based on the needs of the learners. Therefore, the theory does not provide a model for an individual learning process. Thus, it can be concluded that the theory of humanism education rooted from phenomenology epistemology.
STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS STYLE IN KINCAIDâ€™S 'WHAT Iâ€™VE BEEN DOING LATELY'
Authors: Sartika Yustin
Published: January 2017

Stream of consciousness is used by writers of fiction for presenting charactersâ€™ thought and feeling. It allows the readers to experience the charactersâ€™ emotion thought from inside a characterâ€™s head. This article aimed to find out the use of Stream of Consciousness in What Iâ€™ve Been Doing Lately short story by Jamaica Kincaid. Kincaid successfully reflects charactersâ€™ mental experiences through interior monologue. Some literary devices are used to strengthen the power of stream of consciousness. She uses foreshadowing and repetition to illustrate pessimistic thought of the character.
THE STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS OF EUPHEMISMS IN 'OBITUARI' RUBRIC OF 'KOMPAS' DAILY (STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI EUFEMISME DALAM RUBRIK 'OBITUARI' HARIAN 'KOMPAS')
Authors: Sulistyono Yunus
Published: January 2017

Kajian ini berfokus pada penggunaan gaya bahasa eufemisme dalam rubrik obituari harian Kompas. Objek penelitian ini berupa kosakata yang menunjukkan kekhasan penggunaan gaya bahasa. Data dalam penelitian ini mencakup 43 kosakata dari rubrik Obituari harian Kompas yang terbit September 2015 s.d. April 2016. Kajian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan berfokus pada struktur dan fungsi eufemisme yang ditemukan. Data diperoleh dengan teknik catat dan kemudian diklasifikasikan berdasarkan konteksnya. Analisis data memanfaatkan metode padan referensial. Berdasarkan bentuknya, pemakaian gaya bahasa eufemisme mencakup tataran kata dan frasa. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gaya bahasa eufemisme yang digunakan dalam rubrik obituari Kompas memiliki latar belakang kesantunan, prestise, dan mengagungkan jasa dari orang yang diberitakan.
Anti-hepatitis C virus seroprevalence in the working age population in Poland, 2004 to 2014
Authors: Walewska-Zielecka Bożena , Religioni Urszula , Juszczyk Grzegorz , Wawrzyniak Zbigniew M , Czerw Aleksandra , Soszyński Piotr , Fronczak Adam
Published: January 2017

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be a serious public health concern and one of the major public health priorities. In 2005, it was estimated that there are 185 million anti-HCV positive people in the world, which constitutes 2.8% of the global population. Our study estimates the anti-HCV seroprevalence in the working age population (15–64 years-old), mostly urban and suburban residents, in Poland from 2004 to 2014. The studied group consisted of 61,805 working-age population representatives whose data were obtained from electronic medical records of an outpatient clinic network operating on a countrywide level. Positive anti-HCV test results were obtained in 957 patients, representing 1.5% of the whole population studied throughout the analysed period. The average age of all anti-HCV positive patients was 36.8 years. Analysis of the data suggests that the proportion of anti-HCV positive patients decreased over the study period (mean positive anti-HCV = -0.0017 × year + 3.3715; R2 = 0.7558). In 2004, positive results were noted among 3.2% of patients undergoing HCV antibody tests, but in 2014, the percentage of patients with a positive result stood at 1.1%. The apparent decrease affected men and women similarly. Our study also provides evidence that screening people born before 1965 could be beneficial.
Cortical plasticity of motor-eloquent areas measured by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with glioma
Authors: Conway Neal , Wildschuetz Noémie , Moser Tobias , Bulubas Lucia , Sollmann Nico , Tanigawa Noriko , Meyer Bernhard , Krieg Sandro M.
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying cerebral plasticity. Coupled with noninvasive detection of its occurrence, such an understanding has huge potential to improve glioma therapy. The authors aimed to demonstrate the frequency of plastic reshaping, find clues to the patterns behind it, and prove that it can be recognized noninvasively using navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS).

METHODS

The authors used nTMS to map cortical motor representation in 22 patients with gliomas affecting the precentral gyrus, preoperatively and 3–42 months postoperatively. Location changes of the primary motor area, defined as hotspots and map centers of gravity, were measured.

RESULTS

Spatial normalization and analysis of hotspots showed an average shift of 5.1 ± 0.9 mm (mean ± SEM) on the mediolateral axis, and 10.7 ± 1.6 mm on the anteroposterior axis. Map centers of gravity were found to have shifted by 4.6 ± 0.8 mm on the mediolateral, and 8.7 ± 1.5 mm on the anteroposterior axis. Motor-eloquent points tended to shift toward the tumor by 4.5 ± 3.6 mm if the lesion was anterior to the rolandic region and by 2.6 ± 3.3 mm if it was located posterior to the rolandic region. Overall, 9 of 16 (56%) patients with high-grade glioma and 3 of 6 (50%) patients with low-grade glioma showed a functional shift > 10 mm at the cortical level.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the small size of this series, analysis of these data showed that cortical functional reorganization occurs quite frequently. Moreover, nTMS was shown to detect such plastic reorganization noninvasively.
Open and endovascular treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: a 10-year experience
Authors: Koch Matthew J. , Stapleton Christopher J. , Agarwalla Pankaj K. , Torok Collin , Shin John H. , Coumans Jean-Valery , Borges Lawrence F. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Rabinov James D. , Patel Aman B.
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVE

Vascular malformations of the spine represent rare clinical entities with profound neurological implications. Previously reported studies on management strategies for spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (sDAVFs) appeared before the advent of modern liquid embolic agents. Authors of the present study review their institutional experience with endovascularly and surgically treated sDAVFs.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective, observational, single-center case series on sDAVFs treated with endovascular embolization, microsurgical occlusion, or both between 2004 and 2013. The mode, efficacy, and clinical effect of treatment were evaluated.

RESULTS

Forty-seven patients with spinal arteriovenous malformations were evaluated using spinal angiography, which demonstrated 34 Type I sDAVFs (thoracic 20, lumbar 12, and cervical 2). Twenty-nine of the patients (85%) were male, and the median patient age was 63.3 years. Twenty patients underwent primary endovascular embolization (16 Onyx, 4 N-butyl cyanoacrylate [NBCA]), and 14 underwent primary surgical clipping. At a mean follow-up of 36 weeks, according to angiography or MR angiography, 5 patients treated with endovascular embolization demonstrated persistent arteriovenous shunting, whereas none of the surgically treated patients showed lesion persistence (p = 0.0237). Thirty patients (88%) experienced some resolution of their presenting symptoms (embolization 17 [85%], surgery 13 [93%], p = 1.00).

CONCLUSIONS

Microsurgical occlusion remains the most definitive treatment modality for sDAVFs, though modern endovascular techniques remain a viable option for the initial treatment of anatomically amenable lesions. Treatment of these lesions usually results in some clinical improvement.