bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conflict theory in the inculturation of the Gospel in the Nso’ of Cameroon
Authors: Nyuyki Peter Siysi
Published: February 2020

This article defines and describes conflict theory, critical theory and the views of some of their proponents, inculturation, the gospel, and Nso’. The article looks at conflict in Nso’ that can be traced back to the fact that the missionaries did not understand certain aspects of Nso’ culture. Consequently, there was some conflict between Christianity and Nso’ culture, particularly with ngwerong and ngiri – the core traditional social associations of the Nso’ people. The article thus explains the tension that existed in the missionary era and still exists somehow today between Christianity and Nso’ culture. In order to elucidate this tension, the author uses two examples: one on the encounter between one of the most dreaded masquerades and a parish priest (an early missionary in Nso’ land), and the other on the main traditional social association in Nso’ and the first Christians of Nso’ origin. Having done that, the author outlines the incompatible activities of the traditional social associations of the Nso’ people vis á vis the tenets of Christianity, showing that an understanding of these activities is necessary for the inculturation of the gospel in Nso’. In addition, the article equally shows that an understanding of the complexities and the dynamics involved in the relationship between Christ and culture is also necessary for the inculturation of the gospel. Furthermore, alluding to conflict theory and critical theory and using what he calls “consultative/dialogical” critical approach to cultural transformation, the author suggests how the tension between Christianity and Nso’ culture could be curbed.
“Fiat Lux.” Navigating chaos through Sensing Leadership
Authors: Van der Merwe Johan
Published: February 2020

This article provides an overview of change management strategies described in business science. From the distinctions made, it becomes clear that change is all-pervasive and the result of complex interactions within and between the internal and external environments of organizations and communities. Complexity theory is subsequently considered as a better vantage point from where a response to change may be informed. The leadership style to correspond to this new reading of change needs to be that of “transcending leadership” where sensing and sense-making skills are honed to sense emerging meaning in organizations, in interpersonal relationships and through intrapersonal reflection. Instead of “making” change happen, the new leadership “lets” things happen, sensing the connections between emerging events in the context and creating a level of readiness to find the potential meaning in what may usually have been perceived as mere chaos. The creation narrative and a new reading of chaos as possibility provide Judeo-Christian sources of spirituality in this regard. Other Biblical narratives are cited to show in which way different change management frameworks can be applied to the respective narratives, but also how sensing and sense-making remain the common leadership attributes in successfully navigated change.
The phenomenon of philosophy in Afrikaans:
On Pieter Duvenage’s Afrikaanse filosofie: Perspektiewe en dialoë
Authors: Louw Dirk
Published: February 2020

The year 2016 saw the publication of Afrikaanse filosofie: Perspektiewe en dialoë (“Afrikaanse” Philosophy: Perspectives and Dialogues) (Bloemfontein: SUN Press, ISBN: 9781920382780) by Pieter Duvenage, an attempt to trace the development over the last 100 years (apparently) of philosophy practised in the Afrikaans language. Duvenage is not the first to map the history of this philosophy, but he is the first to do so through engaging in dialogue with the philosophers in question (and not simply through writing about them) and through focusing specifically on its development at a number of mainly Afrikaans universities. I elaborate on the strengths and weaknesses of Duvenage’s book and end by exploring the sense in which “Afrikaanse” philosophy qualifies as “African” philosophy (an issue Duvenage neglects), thus becoming, not a target of decolonization and Africanization, but a vehicle thereof.
Is Christian humanism what is needed in the Age of the Anthropocene?
Authors: Conradie Ernst
Published: February 2020

Dear John,When I was asked for a contribution to the Festschrift for Steve I opted to write him a letter, reminiscing about a journey through the Karoo when we talked through the night about our fathers. Now I am writing you a letter as well, basically to tell you how I have been struggling with your retrieval of the concept of Christian humanism. When I was invited to contribute in honouring you in this way, this was the theme I had in mind. I found myself unable to produce the essay by the extended deadline, not because I did not have enough time or anything like that; it was because I could not get enough clarity on the topic. I simply did not know what to say. I wondered whether you also encountered such moments in your career? I wish that was an apophatic moment, but I fear that was not the case. I was given some last-minute grace by the editors and then opted for writing a letter instead.
Abusa Chimwala’s exorcism
Authors: Bertrand Blair
Published: February 2020

This paper relates Karl Barth’s demonology to an exorcism performed by a minister of the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian. Despite receiving a theological education in the Reformed tradition, the minister had not formally studied demonology from a Reformed perspective. Karl Barth, a Swiss Reformed theologian, illuminates what it was that the minister encountered and how this exorcism can be understood within a broader Christian cosmology. In addition, Barth’s nuanced theological approach helps the minister to chart a path forward so the possessed young woman can experience freedom and life in all of its fullness.
Karl Barth’s interpretation of Scripture from the perspective of a possible “second naivety”
Authors: Bosman HL
Published: February 2020

Although the theological exegesis of Karl Barth cannot be depicted as “naïve”, his cumulative style of interpretation presupposes that the Bible entails a “new world” that has a threefold character and that requires a “second naivety” as suggested by Paul Ricoeur (i.e. an interpretive position beyond criticism) as its hermeneutical point of departure: (i) an inner core of divine revelation in Jesus Christ; (ii) the prophetic and apostolic witness in the Bible that makes the divine core accessible for interpretation; (iii) the proclamation or preaching of the biblical witness that is rooted in this “second naivety”. Critical scholarship in general and historical-criticism in particular are not rejected outright, but theological exegesis must move beyond criticism. In the early part of his career Barth, when appointed as a lecturer in New Testament, Barth took serious note of critical biblical scholarship. However, the jury is still out whether critical biblical exegesis remained an important point of reference in Barth’s later publications and whether his reluctance to engage in hermeneutical and methodological reflection caused a lack of the self-criticism presupposed by a “second naivety”.
Steve de Gruchy’s theology and development model
Authors: Julius Gathogo
Published: February 2020

The article sets out to demonstrate that Steve de Gruchy’s model of Theology and Development (T&D), as opposed to Theologized Development or Developmental Theology, is a creative and an authentic paradigm which is in continuum with African Theology of Reconstruction (ATOR) and other theological initiatives in postcolonial Africa. As a post-colonial and/or post-apartheid theologian, De Gruchy addresses cutting-edge issues facing our contemporary society such as health, poverty, environment, sustainable livelihoods, the South-North divides, fair trade, the racial equation, the reconstruction of our social consciousness; and indeed, the changing circumstances in post-colonial (south) Africa. In its methodology, the article also hypothesizes that Development and Reconstruction are two sides of the same coin, with one clear motif, though with some distinctions. It then goes on to point out the possibility that the Leadership and Development programme that was started by Klaus Nürnberger at the then University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, logically preceded de Gruchy’s Theology and Development (T&D) programme which continues to date, despite his demise in 2010. On the whole, the T&D and ATOR are largely seen as livelihoods theologies “from the other side of the river” that are geared towards sustainable living, especially with reference to the African context in the 21st century. Steve de Gruchy’s contribution to development studies is certainly critical considering that he published extensively on the same; and even headed the Theology and Development programme at the then University of Natal (now KwaZulu-Natal). His approach turns out as the beacon that maps the way out as we focus on sustainable development and the post-colonial reconstruction of Africa.
God within migration processes in the contemporary global world
Authors: Magezi Vhumani , Magezi Christopher
Published: February 2020

Understanding and perceiving God in situations such as migration and times of pain is a challenge for theology and practical ministry. The following question is inevitable: where is God in all this? In this context, the challenge for theology is to develop a theological theory that provides a constructive perspective that leads to coping. The suffering and pain are amplified among migrants due to diverse and multifaceted needs and problems. In view of such a situation, this article explores an understanding of God within migration processes in the world, with a view to developing theological hermeneutics for an integrated migrant ministry intervention. It draws parallels between the global context of migration and the Bible as God’s processes. From these parallels, a theological understanding is developed to provide insight and perspective on migration, which is then applied to develop a constructive view of migration as well as develop a migrant ministry. A migrant ministry and intervention proposition are done based on a theological hermeneutical understanding of God and migrant praxis to ensure an integrated ministry. The article first outlines the framework, which is followed by a comparative analysis of migration in the contemporary global world and the Bible. A theological development based on God’s providence is formulated, then applied to developing a practical migrant intervention model (hermeneutical framework for integrated migrant ministry).
Is there any hope for church unity?
Authors: Mahokoto Sipho
Published: February 2020

his article gives some perspectives on the causes of the Reformed Churches split since the time of reformation and how these divisions impacts on church unity discussions today. Since reformation, church divisions took place in various forms and discussions about church reunification became a focal point in the reformed world. These splits amongst reformed churches seem to have caused traumatic stress and inflicted deep wounds that are very difficult to heal in full, especially in the context of South Africa. This article briefly looks at some causes of split in the reformed world by paying attention to the work of Lukas Vischer and also by sketching some few causes of church split within the Dutch Reformed family of churches in the South African context. This article does not really pay attention to an in-depth discussion on church unity, rather, it places the interest on issues of church divisions which impact negatively on the true unity of the church. A question can be asked: can we really hope for a genuine unity of the church given the history of these splits? Put it differently: Is there any hope for an authentic church unity amongst reformed churches locally and globally? The article argues that the history of these divisions makes it very hard if not impossible to hope for an authentic church unity, given the currently lived experiences of divisions, the irreconcilability of people and the unhealed wounds inflicted in the past. For an authentic church unity to be achieved and lived positively, the article suggests that injustices of the past needs to be addressed, especially between the Dutch Reformed family of churches.
Reading hegemonic masculinities in 2 Samuel 11 in the South African contexts
Authors: Masenya Madipoane
Published: February 2020

The present essay will engage the concepts of (hegemonic) masculinities as depicted in the actions of David and Uriah in 2 Samuel 11. It is argued that although Uriah’s character in the preceding text occupies a place on the hegemonic masculinities ladder, his masculinity (which is much akin to that of the majority of men in the two thirds majority world context) is subordinated to those of a more powerful man. Given the social location of the present author (and the scant research from a masculinity study perspective on his character), Uriah’s character will be the focal point of attention in this essay. From a contemporary perspective, it is argued that men in our two thirds majority world context (including African-South African men), who like Uriah, sit at the relatively lower rung of the hegemonic masculinities ladder, and subordinated to more powerful men, still have a sense of agency. Thus, such men are not completely powerless. As a point of departure, I will engage David’s masculinity, basically foregrounding his abuse of power. This will be followed by an elaborate discussion on Uriah’s masculinities and some sections on the agency of subordinated men. In the final analysis, concluding remarks will be made.
Pentecostals, LGBTIQ+ people and the Bible
Authors: Nel Marius
Published: February 2020

The Bible seemingly confronts the issue of LGBTIQ+ people and/as believers. However, these texts can be interpreted at least in two ways, in terms of temporal orientation or of temporary orientation. The question whether LGBTIQ+ people should be allowed as members of the faith community and serve in ministry can be answered by viewing the relevant biblical texts as culturally and temporary determined ethical pronouncements that are valid only for the original readers of (or listeners to) the texts or as permanent, everlasting and perpetual principles valid for believers of all ages and normative for contemporary times across cultural divides. It is argued that Pentecostal hermeneutics establishes a third way to read the texts, by reversing the movement from text to situation and to allow the faith community’s experience of their encounters with God through the Spirit to determine their tolerance or non-tolerance of LGBTIQ+ people. The principle is demonstrated at the hand of the issue of women in ministry before being applied to the faith community and LGBTIQ+ people.
Digitalisation and the church – A corporeal understanding of church and the influence of technology
Authors: Potgieter Annette
Published: February 2020

We live in a digital era, where connection and connectivity move away from physical presence, but find shape in online communities and forums. This trend extends from the secular world into the religious experience, as can be seen from examples such as E-kerk (E-Church). The body is a vehicle through which Paul defines the church and the medium through which Christians live a new life in Christ. Virtual communities, however, lack bodily presence and thus the tactile experience of the Lord’s Supper and the communal aspects of baptism. This raises the question whether it is possible for an individual to participate online in the body of Christ and if so, how?
Use of Library Portal by Research Scholars of Indian Institute of Technology (IITs): A Comparative Study of Patna and Guwahati
Authors: Fatima Nishat , Gulnaz  , Hasaney Sana
Published: February 2020

The paper presents result of a questionnaire based survey of use of library portal by research scholars of IITs Patna and Guwahati. The findings revealed that majority of research scholars used library portal in IIT Patna and IIT Guwahati. The study identifies some problems faced by Guwahati research scholars. A few suggestions are made for further improvement and enrichment of the library portals to cater to the needs of the researchers.
Frequency Limit for the Pressure Compliance Correction of Ocean-Bottom Seismic Data
Authors: An Chao , Shawn Wei S. , Cai Chen , Yue Han
Published: February 2020

Vertical records of ocean-bottom seismographs (OBSs) are usually noisy at low frequencies, and one important noise source is the varying ocean-bottom pressure that results from ocean-surface water waves. The relation between the ocean-bottom pressure and the vertical seafloor motion, called the compliance pressure transfer function (PTF), can be derived using background seismic data. During an earthquake, earthquake signals also generate ocean-bottom pressure fluctuations, and the relation between the ocean-bottom pressure and the vertical seafloor motion is named the seismic PTF in this article. Conventionally, we use the whole pressure records and the compliance PTF to remove the compliance noise; the earthquake-induced pressure and the seismic PTF are ignored, which may distort the original signals. In this article, we analyze the data from 24 OBSs with water depth ranging from 107 to 4462 m. We find that for most stations, the investigated frequency range (0.01–0.2 Hz) can be divided into four bands depending on the water depth. In band (I) of lowest frequencies (<0.11, <0.05, and <0.02  Hz for water depth of 107, 1109, and 2650 m, respectively), the vertical seafloor acceleration is composed mostly of pressure compliance noise, which can be removed using the compliance PTF. The compliance PTF is much smaller than the seismic PTF, so distortion of earthquake signals is negligible. In band (II) of higher frequencies (0.11–0.20, 0.05–0.11, and 0.02–0.05 Hz for water depth of 107, 1109, and 2650 m, respectively), the vertical acceleration and ocean-bottom pressure are largely uncorrelated. In bands (III) and (IV) of even higher frequencies (>0.11 and >0.08  Hz for water depth of 1109 and 2650 m, respectively), the compliance noise is negligible, and the ocean-bottom pressure is mostly caused by the seafloor motion. Thus, the compliance can be safely ignored in frequency band (I).
Legal Barriers in the System of University Inclusive Education
Authors: Balashov A. E. , Krasnova E. A. , Khristoforova L. V.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. The introduction of inclusive education into the practice of university education is a complicated and multi-aspect process accompanied by a complex of problems, including the problems of a legal nature. The solution of these problems is one of key tasks faced by the education system of Russia.

The aim of the present research is to reveal and describe normative and legal barriers in the system of inclusive higher education, withdrawing the equal rights for education for all students regardless of their physical status and health.

Methodology and research methods. The methods involve the analysis of legal and regulatory acts, regulating the orders and conditions of inclusive education at higher school. Russian and foreign literature on different aspects of inclusive education in higher school was reviewed, generalised and sistematised. The modelling method was employed.

Results. On the basis of the existing legal norms, the reflection of the analysed materials made it possible to model the system of interaction between the participants of inclusive educational process – people with disabilities (HIA) and educational organisations. The constructed “theoretical” model allowed the authors to diagnose inclusion in higher education and to identify weaknesses in the provisions, which regulate the education of people with disabilities. Certain contradictions were found in the legal field of relations between these categories of students and educational institutions. The attention is drawn to the fact that in today’s Russia the system of spesialised support for universities and for students with special needs is being formed, including resource training centres. However, these structures need to determine their place and status in the field of educational rights.

Scientific novelty. The authors firstly formulate the legal barriers, impeding the continuity of psychological medico-pedagogical support for students with disabilities. The conclusion is reached concerning the signs of discrimination in the rights of students with special educational needs and the urgent need for improved higher inclusive education, including the optimisation at the level of legislative regulation.

Practical significance. The authors believe that introduction of changes into normative regulations with the purpose to provide equal rights and opportunities for receiving education by all citizens will contribute to more dynamic and orderly development of university inclusion in Russia and will help people with health disabilities to become full members of society.
Krótki traktat o szkodliwości języka specjalistycznego w badaniach literackich
Authors: Wąs Maciej
Published: February 2020

Celem artykułu jest wykazanie szkodliwości przesadnego przywiązania do języka specjalistycznego w badaniach literackich. We wstępie zostaje zarysowany kontekst postawienia tezy. W następnej części przeprowadzona zostaje zwięzła prezentacja obecnej sytuacji studiów literaturoznawczych, to znaczy ich językowego „przespecjalizowania”. Dalej następuje krótki szkic historyczny, mający za zadanie unaocznić specyfikę i naturę tego, co nazywamy tutaj klasycznym modelem wypowiedzi naukowej, szkic obejmujący ramy czasowe od greckiej starożytności do czasów współczesnych i w sposób szczególny poświęcony uwydatnieniu roli, jaką w owym „klasycznym” dyskursie odgrywał i odgrywa język potoczny, żywy, „naturalny”. Wreszcie — próba sformułowania trzech argumentów uzasadniających wyższość modelu „klasycznego” nad „współczesnym” w badaniach literackich. Pracę wieńczą krótkie wnioski, w których próbuje się wykazać potencjalne korzyści praktyczne płynące z przyjęcia proponowanego w pracy stanowiska.
TESTING THE OPTIMIZATION-BASED RECURSIVE FILTERING ALGORITHM TO SUPPRESS HARMONICS ON MODEL AND FIELD CORRELOGRAMS
Authors: Denisov M. S. , Egorov A. A. , Shneerson M. B.
Published: February 2020

The performance of the algorithm for removing harmonic noise distortions of the vibroseis wavelet on the synthetic and the field data is studied. At the first stage, the noise is predicted. At the second stage, its adaptive subtraction from the original correlograms is performed. The algorithm demonstrates good performance, most clearly its advantages are manifested in slip-sweep data processing.
PROTOCOLO DE ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE DA MULHER COM HIV/AIDS: PERCEPÇÕES DE EQUIPE DE SAÚDE
Authors: Hilário Jeniffer Stephanie Marques , Lima Sabrina Pereira , Santos Jaqueline Silva , Silva Policardo Gonçalves , De Matos Geilton Xavier , Andrade Raquel Dully
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: descrever as percepções de uma equipe de saúde sobre o protocolo de atenção à saúde das mulheres vivendo com HIV implantado no serviço escola. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 10 membros de um serviço escola de referência regional para HIV/Aids. O grupo focal foi utilizado para a coleta de dados. Os depoimentos da(o)s participantes foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: os temas construídos retrataram os impactos do protocolo na rotina do serviço de saúde e as contribuições da padronização para a atenção à saúde da mulher com HIV/Aids. A efetivação do protocolo foi compreendida como um processo contínuo que demanda envolvimento dos profissionais de saúde e reorganização de processos de trabalho. Conclusão: o protocolo implantado no serviço escola apareceu como uma ferramenta com potencial para facilitar o atendimento das mulheres cadastradas, com possíveis contribuições para a integralidade da assistência à mulher.

Descritores: Saúde da Mulher. Soropositividade para HIV. Protocolos. Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde. Integralidade em Saúde.

 
SPECULATIVE IDENTITY AS ABSOLUTE SELF MEDIATION: A FEW APPRAISALS OF THE HEGELIAN LOGIC
Authors: Trif-Boia Horațiu M.
Published: February 2020

Hegelian speculative thought structures its movement through immediately reflected change of opposites. This exchange within elements isn’t merely shifting heterogeneous objects as it doesn’t concern objects’ ontological condition either. The speculative is the opening where the internal constitution and effectiveness of any element is questioned and revealed as simultaneous and immediate overcome of subject and object since the horizon of this opening concerns the absolute conditions of content and form and where the method self-reflected within premises is questioned too. For the true Concept of philosophy, Hegel shows, immediate beginning of knowledge is immediate beginning of Being; and advancement from pure indeterminateness to determinate being’s development supposes self-mediation of the same absolute immediacy, since ineluctably the speculative can’t admit suppositions’ arbitrariness. But such radical endeavor is accomplishable if the ultimate truth of Being (Wesen) is absolutely mediated immediacy — namely Actuality (Wirklichkeit) is the expression of absolutely self-mediated absolute immediate Identity. This fundamental principle is mirrored in the Trinitarian ground of the Hegelian speculative philosophy which is the main doctrinal postulate that permeates the entire metaphysical endeavor of the German thinker.
In this, Hegel was singular, although the initiative of rebuilding philosophy without any prior supposition is not exclusively Hegelian. We can think about the Husserlian epoché as a project of redefining the limits of apodictic philosophy and the eidetic variation as the grounds for his fundamental insight (Einsicht). However, we have found that Husserlian phenomenology is yet deriving its entire structure within the realm of determinacy where the principle of determinate, and thus of formal identity, dominates. Hegelian identity is established precisely by an absolute rupture from formal relations and is an eminent case of a speculative opening towards the premises of a transcendent thinking whose eminence would ground the ultimate sight of genuine identity of appearance and essence, of thought and being.
Keywords: Hegel, Husserl, Maldiney, speculative logic, absolute identity, immediacy, mediation, phenomenology.
HUMAN HEALTH PROBLEMS AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE MOST TOXIC PESTICIDES
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Petkova Georgieva Stoyanka
Published: February 2020

The present study is dedicated to the human health problems and classification of the most toxic pesticides. Pesticides are a wide range of chemicals with different degree of hazard, from extremely to slightly hazardous. Highly hazardous pesticides may have acute or chronic toxic effects. Their widespread use has caused health problems and fatalities in many parts of the world, often as a result of occupational exposure and accidental or intentional poisonings. Environmental contamination can also result in human exposure through consumption of residues of pesticides in food and, possibly, drinking-water. Recommended classification of pesticides by hazard; carcinogenicity; mutagenicity; reproductive toxicity; listing under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Pesticides and Industrial Chemicals in International Trade or the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer; or evidence of severe or irreversible adverse effects on human health.
Keywords: human health problems, toxic impact, pesticides, ecosystem.
PRECONDITIONS FOR INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WORK ACTIVITY ACCORDING TO THE HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Sotirov Branko , Sakakushev Boris
Published: February 2020

The goals in front of each business organization could be achieved only as a result of the joint efforts of the members of its personnel. They are achieved as more effectively as more adequately they are conformed to the external environment and the factors functioning in it, as better the cadres in the company are motivated, but also, as better the personnel is selected or as more objectively its abilities are considered.
The basic but underestimated factors for increasing the effectiveness of work are ensuring health and safety at work. Their provision within the organization’s context leads to decreasing expenses of any nature, to improving the organization’s image before the competitors and not last to increasing the effectiveness of labour.
Keywords: health and safety, organization, labor activity, work.
The role of physiologically occurring elements in semen and effect of heavy metals on semen
Authors: Chyra-Jach Dorota , Kaletka Zbigniew , Kasperczyk Aleksandra
Published: February 2020

Na przestrzeni ostatnich 40 lat spadła jakość nasienia męskiego, w tym m.in. liczba plemników. U podstaw tego zjawiska leży wiele przyczyn, wśród których wymienia się ekspozycję zawodową i środowiskową na metale ciężkie, m.in. na kadm, ołów, rtęć i arsen. Duże znaczenie ma również zanieczyszczona mykotoksynami i pestycydami żywność, wpływ chemikaliów przemysłowych, palenie papierosów i czynniki endokrynologiczne. Niniejsza praca stanowi omówienie problemu na podstawie piśmiennictwa z ostatnich kilku lat na temat roli metali fizjologicznie występujących w nasieniu oraz wpływu metali ciężkich na obniżenie płodności męskiej.
Relationships Between Experiences of Parental Violence During Childhood and Women's Self-Esteem
Authors: Downs William R. , Miller Brenda A.
Published: February 2020

The interrelationships between experiences of parental verbal aggression and physical violence during childhood and the development of low self-esteem during adulthood were explored separately for the father-daughter and mother-daughter relationships. Data were collected from 472 women between the ages of 18 and 45 during in-depth interviews drawn from five sources: outpatient alcoholism treatment, DWl (Driving While Intoxicated) education programs, shelter for battered women, outpatient mental health treatment, and randomly from the community. Control variables included respondents' alcohol problems and help-seeking behavior, parental alcohol problems, number of changes in childhood family (e.g., divorce), and respondents' race and social class. Controlling for these variables, experiences of father-to-daughter verbal aggression, moderate violence, and severe violence were found related to lower self-esteem in adulthood for women. Conversely, controlling for these variables, experiences of mother-todaughter verbal aggression, moderate violence, and severe violence were not found related to lower self-esteem in adulthood for women.
Follow-up of Rapists Treated in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Clelland Steven R. , Studer Lea H. , Reddon John R.
Published: February 2020

Current research examining the effectiveness of sex offender treatment is encouraging, Despite this optimism, research focusing on men who sexually assault adult women is less optimistic. This study examines the preliminary results of 74 rapists admitted into the Phoenix program, a voluntary sex offender treatment program in a forensic psychiatric hospital. Patients were categorized according to whether they completed treatment or not Treated rapists (n = 36) reoffended at a substantially lower rate than untreated rapists who were assessed but not treated (n = 38). Statistically significant differences in reoffense rates were found for violent, nonsexual offenses as well as nonviolent, nonsexual offenses. Although nearly twice as many treatment noncompleters reoffended sexually, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Mean follow-up time was well over four years for both groups. The implications of these findings are discussed.
The Denial of Elder Mistreatment by Victims and Abusers: The Application of Neutralization Theory
Authors: Tomita Susan K.
Published: February 2020

Denial is often mentioned as a constraining factor in the assessment and intervention of domestic violence cases. Within the context of elder mistreatment, this paper utilizes neutralization theory to explain how the abuser and the elderly victim justify or rationalize abusive or neglectful behavior. Intervention techniques are provided to counteract different types of denial, and practitioners are cautioned against utilizing neutralization techniques themselves.
Family, Intimacy, and Homicide: A Macro-Social Approach
Authors: Parker Robert Nash , Toth Allison M.
Published: February 2020

The study of violence among sexual intimates and family members within sociology is currently developing along two lines that are methodologically distinct. A macrosocial approach analyzes rates of homicide for cities, metropolitan areas, and states, while a microsocial approach, which has focused largely on family violence, relies on surveys to study self-reports of assaultive violence. As the two traditions have developed, they have emphasized a different range of independent variables and types of violence. The macro-social tradition has focused on subcultures, economic deprivation, and trends in lifestyles and daily activity patterns. The micro-social researchers have emphasized the impact of social change on marital roles and expectations, conflict, power and exchange within interpersonal relationships, and the impact of historical patterns and cultural norms concerning the-patterns of violence within families and sexually intimate relationships. Similarly, one tradition focuses almost exclusively on homicide while the other has generally studied serious, but not lethal assaults. Ultimately the two traditions could lead to similar conclusions about the causes of violence among intimates. A convergence of fmdings would enhance confidence in the validity of results, while discrepant fmdings would point to flaws in theory or method. This paper begins to consider convergences and differences by using the techniques that have been developed in the macro-social tradition along with hypotheses drawn from both traditions. Data on four specific types of homicide from a sample of299 central cities are examined in a series of parallel models which include indicators of the causes of violence derived from both traditions.
The Competency of Responses Given by Maritally Violent Versus Nonviolent Men to Problematic Marital Situations
Authors: Holtzworth-Munroe Amy , Anglin Kimberly
Published: February 2020

The present study was designed to examine the social skills of maritally violent men by comparing the responses offered by violent and nonviolent men to potential marital conflicts. Problematic marital situation vignettes were presented to three subject groups: 22 maritally violent husbands, 17 nonviolent and maritally distressed husbands, and 17 nonviolent and nondistressed husbands. Subjects were asked what they would do or say in each of the situations; their responses were coded for level of competency. Violent men offered responses which were less competent than those offered by nonviolent comparison subjects in certain types of marital situations (i.e., situations involving rejection from the wife, jealousy, and challenges from the wife); the responses offered by violent and nonviolent men did not differ significantly in other types of situations (i.e., situations involving the wife's wanting something from the husband or the wife's teasing the husband). Subjects were also asked what would be the best thing to do in response to a subset of the problematic marital situations; responses were coded for level of competency. In response to this question, violent men offered less competent responses than those offered by either comparison group, suggesting that violent men have difficulty generating competent responses. The theoretical implications of these data are discussed.
The Assessment of Maritally Violent Men on the California Psychological Inventory
Authors: Barnett Ola W. , Hamberger L. Kevin
Published: February 2020

This study assessed 87 maritally violent men (MV), 42 maritally nonviolent, maritally discordant men (NVD), and 48 maritally nonviolent, maritally satisfied men (NVS) on the California Psychological Inventory (CPI), a test of the normal personality. A MANOVA and subsequent range tests indicated that the NVD and NVS groups had significantly higher scores than the MV group on 10 of the 18 subscales: Responsibility, Socialization, Self-Control, Tolerance, Achievement via Conformance, Achievement via Independence, Good Impression, Intellectual Efficiency, and Psychological Mindedness. A discriminant analysis contrasting the MV group with the combined NVD and NVS group correctly classified 68% of the subjects and accounted for 20.94% of the variance between groups. Along with previous findings, the data indicated that maritally violent males exhibit different personality characteristics than maritally nonviolent men in three general areas: intimacy, impulsivity, and problemsolving skills. Many of these problem areas were significantly correlated with childhood violence experiences.
A Structural Model Examining the Relationship Between Physical Child Abuse, Sexual Victimization, and Marijuana/Hashish Use in Delinquent Youth: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Dembo Richard , Williams Linda , Schmeidler James , Berry Estrellita , Wothke Werner , Getreu Alan , Wish Eric D. , Christensen Candice
Published: February 2020

A structural model of the relationships among physical abuse and sexual victimization experiences, marijuana/hashish use (measured by self-report and urine test data) and self-reported delinquent behavior (theft crimes, index offenses, crimes against persons, drug sales and total delinquency) over time was tested in a longitudinal study of juvenile detainees. The hypothesized model was supported by the data. Theoretical, research and policy implications of the results are drawn.
The Nuts and Bolts of Implementing Large-Scale Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Stouthamer-Loeber Magda , van Kammen Welmoet , Loeber Rolf
Published: February 2020

Studies that assess large numbers of subjects for longitudinal research, for epidemiological purposes, or for the evaluation of prevention and intervention efforts, are very costly and should be undertaken with the greatest care to ensure their success. The success of a study, apart from its scientific merit, depends largely on the ability of the researcher to plan and set up a smoothly running operation. However, the skills required for such a task are often not acquired in academic training, nor do scientific journals abound with information on the practical aspects of running a large study. This paper summarizes the experience gained in executing a longitudinal study and covers aspects of planning, hiring of staff, training and supervision of interviewers, data collection and data entry and management. The importance of the use of the computer as a management tool is stressed.
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN UNTUK MENILAI KINERJA APBDESA (STUDI KASUS DESA BULAK KECAMATAN BENDO KABUPATEN MAGETAN)
Authors: Ramadhani Dizzy Asrinda Siswi , Hisamuddin Nur , Shulthoni Moch.
Published: February 2020

The research was conducted to analyze financial ratios in order to assess the performance of village governments through village revenue and expenditure budgets for 2015, 2016, and 2017. The financial ratios used in the study were 5 namely independence ratio, harmony ratio, growth ratio, efficiency ratio, and effectiveness ratio. This research is quantitative descriptive. The research object is Bulak Village, Magetan Regency. The research was conducted using data from the village revenue and expenditure budget from 2015-2017. The results showed that the performance of the Bulak Village government from the aspect of independence and aspects of harmony was still very lacking. The growth rate of Desa Bulak is quite good, and the efficiency levels of 2015 and 2016 are inefficient, while 2017 is quite efficient, while the effectiveness of 2015, 2016 and 2017 is effective.

Keywords: Expenditure Budget, Financial Ratio, Performance Measurement, Village Revenue (APBDes).
The Competitiveness of Hungarian Micro-Enterprises in the Pasta Market
Authors: Fehér Ilona
Published: February 2020

By analysing the long-term competitiveness of Hungarian dry pasta making micro and small businesses, I intend to explore its strategic potential. The changes in the competitiveness of the dry pasta sector in Hungary between 1969 and 2019 were analysed with the help of contemporary periodicals from the database of the Hungarian Agricultural Museum and Library. The changes in the competitiveness of the Hungarian dry pasta market over the period 1969-2019 were analyzed according to the six aspects of diamond model: factor conditions, demand conditions, corporate strategy, structure and rivalry, relating and supporting industries, government regulations, change. Looking at future trends in the dry pasta market, the bidirectional impact on the competitiveness of the pasta market will be affected. One effect is to move towards horizontal networking as a result of globalization, making the pasta company that is able to negotiate better in the food supply chain more competitive. The other effect is the trend of local patriotism, which stimulates the development of micro-regions and originates in the initiative of the locals: innovation of flavours, innovation in raw materials, possibilities of Hungarian ethnocentrism. In addition, retail brands are expected to grow further. As retail chains do not pass on any gains from the increase of their export volume to the processors, the manufacturers’ own brand is weakened. The study provides a long-term overview of the changes in the competitiveness of companies operating in the dry pasta market. There has been a tremendous change over the last eighty years with the innovative transformation of the pasta industry. At that time, almost all pasta products were made at home, and today the pasta group is competing for housewives by employing industrial designers.
JEL Codes: M31, M39
The Entropy Function for Non Polynomial Problems and Its Applications for Turing Machines
Authors: Santana Lima Matheus
Published: February 2020

We present a general process for the halting problem, valid regardless of the time and space computational complexity of the decision problem. It can be interpreted as the maximization of entropy for the utility function of a given Shannon-Kolmogorov-Bernoulli process. Applications to non-polynomials problems are given. The new interpretation of information rate proposed in this work is a method that models the solution space boundaries of any decision problem (and non polynomial problems in general) as a communication channel by means of Information Theory. We described a sort method that order objects using the intrinsic information content distribution for the elements of a constrained solution space - modeled as messages transmitted through any communication systems. The limits of the search space are defined by the Kolmogorov-Chaitin complexity of the sequences encoded as Shannon-Bernoulli strings. We conclude with a discussion about the implications for general decision problems in Turing machines.
A Simple Yet Effective Approach of Building Footprint Extraction in Indonesia
Authors: Susetyo Danang Budi , Rizaldy Aldino , Hariyono M. Irwan , Purwono Nugroho , Hidayat Fahrul , Windiastuti Rizka , Rachma Tia Rizka N. , Hartanto Prayudha
Published: February 2020

Topographic mapping using stereo plotting is not effective because it takes much time and labor-intensive. Thus, this research was conducted to find the effective way to extract building footprint for mapping acceleration. Building extraction method in this process comprises four steps: ground / non-ground filtering, building classification, segmentation, and building extraction. Non-ground points from filtering process were classified as building with the algorithm based on multi-scale local dimensionality to separate points at the maximum separability plane. Segmentation using segment growing was used to separate each building, so edge detection could be conducted for each segment to create boundary of each building. Lastly, building extraction was conducted through three steps: edge points detection, building delineation, and building regularization. With 10 samples and step 0.5, classification resulted quality and miss factor of 0.597 and 0.524, respectively. The quality was improved by segmentation process to 0.604, while miss factor was getting worse to 0.561. Meanwhile, on average shape index value from extracted building had 0.02 difference and the number of errors was 30% for line segment comparison. Regarding positional accuracy using centroid accuracy assessment, this method could produce RMSE of 1.169 meters.
Genetic Factors of Nitric Oxide’s System in Psychoneurologic Disorders
Authors: Nasyrova Regina F. , Moskaleva Polina V. , Vaiman Elene E. , Shnayder Natalya A. , Blatt Nataliya L. , Rizvanov Albert A.
Published: February 2020

According to the recent data, nitric oxide (NO) is a chemical messenger that mediates functions such as vasodilation and neurotransmission, it also possesses antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. Nitric oxide has been implicated in neurotoxicity associated with stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, neural regulation of smooth muscle, including peristalsis, and penile erection. We searched for full-text English publications in Pubmed and SNPedia databases using keywords and combined word searches (nitric oxide, single nucleotide variants, single nucleotide polymorphisms, genes) over the past 15 years. In addition, earlier publications of historical interest were included in the review. In our review, we have sum up all NOS1, NOS2, NOS3, and NOS1AP single nucleotide variants (SNVs) involved in the development of mental disorders and neurological diseases/conditions. The results of studies we have discussed in this review are contradictory, that might be due to different designs of the studies, small sample sizes in some of them, as well as different social and geographical characteristics. However, the contribution of genetic and environmental factors has been understudied, that makes this issue increasing for researchers as the understanding of these mechanisms can support a search for new approaches to pathogenetic and disease-modifying treatment.
Optimising Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivation by Selection of Proper Soils
Authors: Koco Štefan , Vilček Jozef , Torma Stanislav , Michaeli Eva , Solár Vladimír
Published: February 2020

Growing potato demands considerable external inputs of pesticides due to its susceptibility to various pests and pathogens. Here we present an attempt to differentiate the Slovak rural landscape with respect to the possibility of effective potato cultivation and to characterise soil parameters of current potato cultivation areas with the aim to increase the sustainability of the potato production. The selection was based on soil climatic, production and economic parameters. By using the GIS tools and existing databases on soil characteristics in Slovakia, maps of soil suitability categories for potato cultivation were generated. In Slovakia, it was found that 12.3% of farmland is very suitable for potato cultivation and that as much as 43.1% is not suitable. Later the specified categories were characterised in detail and specified with respect to geographic, soil, climatic, production and economic parameters. Currently, most potato crops are cultivated on Eutric Cambisols (27%), Chernozems (20%) and Mollic Fluvisols (18%). Loamy soils (65%), soils without gravel (62%), deep soils (74%) and soil situated on plains (55%) are dominant in these regions. We suggest that potato cultivation should be concentrated on the most suitable areas, thereby increasing the economic profitability, improving the ecological stability of the country and supporting the sustainability of the agriculture.