bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Chemical Composition and α-amylase Inhibitory Effect of New Propolis Extracts
Authors: Keskin Merve
Published: April 2020

Background:

Propolis is a resinous mixture collected by honeybees from tree buds and exudates of the plants. Propolis contains aromatic acids, diterpenic acids and phenolic compounds and these components are responsible for its antitumor, anticancer, antiviral and antifungal effects. Propolis can be extracted and the solubility of propolis differs depending on the solvent used in the process of extraction. Solvents used for propolis extraction have a great impact on the propolis extract and should be nontoxic.

Objective:

In this study, raw propolis was extracted by peppermint and clove volatile oils.

Methods:

Chemical composition of extracts was determined by using GC-MS equipment. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the extracts were measured. α-amylase inhibitory activity of the extracts was carried out as well.

Results:

The findings of the present study showed that clove volatile oil is more effective in the extraction of propolis than peppermint volatile oil. The total phenolic content of these extracts was determined as 175.12 and 40.80 mg GAE/mL for clove and peppermint oil propolis extracts, respectively. All extracts contained the same phenolic compounds but the quantity was less in volatile oil extract than in ethanol extract. Both of these extracts showed better α-amylase ınhibitory activity than a reference inhibitor, acarbose.

Conclusion:

It could be concluded that propolis extract obtained by using volatile oils could be used as a complementary agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The Association of CYP2D6*4 and POR*28 Polymorphisms on Mirtazapine Plasma Level in Subjects with Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Ozdemir Fezile , Dural Emrah , Baskak Nilay Sedes , Kır Yağmur , Baskak Bora , Suzen Halt S.
Published: April 2020

Aims and Objective:

The plasma level of mirtazapine (MIR) varies between individuals
primarily depending on the differences in metabolism during pharmacotherapy. CYP2D6 takes the role
as a major enzyme in MIR metabolism and POR enzyme donates an electron to CYP2D6 for its activity.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes encoding pharmacokinetic enzymes may cause changes in
enzyme activity, leading to differences in metabolism of the drug. Our aim was to assess the influence of
CYP2D6*4 and POR*28 polymorphisms on MIR plasma levels in Turkish psychiatric patients.

Materials and Methods:

The association between genetic variations and plasma level of MIR was
investigated on 54 patients. CYP2D6*4 and POR*28 polymorphisms were analysed using
Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and plasma
MIR levels were measured using HPLC.

Results:

Allele frequencies of CYP2D6*4 and POR*28 were 0.11 and 0.39, respectively in the
study population. The results showed that CYP2D6*4 allele carriers have higher C/D MIR levels
while POR*28 allele carriers have lower C/D MIR levels. Combined genotype analyses also
revealed that individuals with CYP2D6*1/*1 - POR*28/*28 genotype have a statistically lower
C/D MIR level (0.95 ng/ml/dose) when compared with individuals with CYP2D6*1/*1 -
POR*1/*1 genotype (1.52 ng/ml/dose).

Conclusion:

Our results indicate that CYP2D6*4 and POR*28 polymorphisms may have a
potential in the explanation of differences in plasma levels in MIR treated psychiatric patients. A
combination of these variations may be beneficial in increasing drug response and decreasing
adverse drug reactions in MIR psychopharmacotherapy.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Cui Hongyuan , Zhu Mingwei , Zhang Junhua , Li Wenqin , Zou Lihui , Wang Yan
Published: April 2020

Objective:

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to identify genes that
were differentially expressed between normal thyroid tissue and papillary thyroid carcinoma
(PTC).

Materials & Methods:

Six candidate genes were selected and further confirmed with quantitative
real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry in samples from 24
fresh thyroid tumors and adjacent normal tissues. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) pathway analysis was used to investigate signal transduction pathways of the
differentially expressed genes.

Results:

In total, 1690 genes were differentially expressed between samples from patients with
PTC and the adjacent normal tissue. Among these, SFRP4, ZNF90, and DCN were the top three
upregulated genes, whereas KIRREL3, TRIM36, and GABBR2 were downregulated with the
smallest p values. Several pathways were associated with the differentially expressed genes and
involved in cellular proliferation, cell migration, and endocrine system tumor progression, which
may contribute to the pathogenesis of PTC. Upregulation of SFRP4, ZNF90, and DCN at the
mRNA level was further validated with RT-PCR, and DCN expression was further confirmed with
immunostaining of PTC samples.

Conclusion:

These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of PTC. Identification
of differentially expressed genes should not only improve the tumor signature for thyroid tumors as a
diagnostic biomarker but also reveal potential targets for thyroid tumor treatment.
Combined Curcuma longa and Cratoxylum formosum Extracts Possess Anti-liver Cancer and Anti-HBV Activities in HepG2.2.15
Authors: Jevapatarakul Damita , Thienprasert Nattanan Panjaworayan T , Payungporn Sunchai
Published: April 2020

Background:

Curcuma longa Linn. and Cratoxylum formosum have
been consumed as the Thai traditional medicine for curing liver diseases. However,
biological effects from a combination of C. longa and C. formosum have not
been investigated.

Objective:

This study focused to investigate the effects of combined extracts on
anti-liver cancer activity, anti-Hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity and alteration of
miRNA expression, including their effects on p53 and NF-κB protein expressions.

Methods:

The cytotoxicity effects of hot water extract on liver cancer cells were
examined by using the MTT assay. Annexin V assay and Western blot analysis
were conducted to investigate the effects of plant extracts on the apoptosis pathway
and cellular protein expressions. Finally, the expression of HBV genes and
miRNA expressions were evaluated by using a quantitative real-time PCR.

Results:

The cell viability assay indicated that 400 μg/mL of combined C. longa
and C. formosum extracts significantly inhibited different liver cancer cell lines
without affecting a normal cell (Vero). The combined extracts could induce liver
cancer cell death via the apoptosis pathway by up-regulating p53 expression
while down-regulating NF-κB expression. Moreover, 150 μg/mL of the combined
extract specifically suppressed HBx gene expression in liver cancer cells
that stably express HBV proteins. However, 150 μg/mL of the combined extract
had no effect on miR-34a and miR-199a/b expressions.

Conclusion:

This study firstly reported anti-liver cancer and anti-HBV activities
of the combined C. longa and C. formosum extracts.
Pendampingan Masyarakat dalam Pengembangan Destinasi Wisata melalui Pemetaan Kebutuhan
Authors: Palenti Citra Dwi , Prasetyo Iis , Gusti Ririn
Published: April 2020

Abstrak Keberhasilan destinasi wisata tidak akan terlepas dari perencanaan yang dilakukan di awal. Kebutuhan masyarakat lokasi destinasi wisata menjadi hal yang pertama dan utama mengingat bahwa suatu program berkaitan erat dengan potensi dan masalah. Sehingga tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk melakukan analisis kebutuhan masyarakat desa Sidoluhur sebagai dasar dalam perencanaan program permberdayaan masyarakat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Participatory Action Research (PAR) melalui 3 strategi yaitu: sosialisasi, pelaksanaan, serta monitoring dan evaluasi program. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi, Focused Group Discussion (FGD), wawancara dan teknik dokumentasi. Berdasarkan strategi yang dilakukan kemudian dapat disimpulkan bahwa permasalahan utama yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat yaitu terkait dengan masih rendahnya wawasan masyarakat terkait dengan pengelolaan destinasi wisata dan belum semua elemen masyarakat aktif berpartisipasi. Berdasarkan hasil kebutuhan tersebut, maka upaya pengembangan diperlukan pembinaan secara berkala dan sinergi dengan program pemerintah agar dapat saling berkolaborasi. Abstract The success of a tourist destination will not be separated from the planning done at the beginning. The needs of the tourist destination location community are first and foremost considering that a program is closely related to potential and problems. So the purpose of this research is to analyze the needs of the community in Sidoluhur village as a basis for planning community empowerment programs. The study was conducted using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method through 3 strategies: socialization, implementation, and program monitoring and evaluation. Data collected through observation techniques, Focused Group Discussion (FGD), interviews and documentation techniques. Based on the strategy carried out then it can be concluded that the main problems faced by the community are related to the still low level of community insight related to the management of tourist destinations and not all elements of society actively participate. Based on the results of these needs, the development effort needed for regular development and synergy with government programs in order to collaborate with each other.
Manjing : Proses Regenerasi Pengrajin Marmer
Authors: Dewi Adin Ariyanti , Dayati Umi , Rasyad Ach
Published: April 2020

AbstrakPewarisan budaya menjadi langkah kecil untuk dapat terus melestarikan budaya di suatu daerah. Namun, perkembangan teknologi terkadang mampu menggeser upaya pewarisan budaya tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pewarisan budaya keterampilan dalam pembuatan kerajinan marmer melalui kegiatan “manjing”. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif melalui studi fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga tahap yakni (1) reduksi data, (2) display data, dan (3) penarikan kesimpulan. Penentuan keabsahan data dengan menggunakan teknik perpanjangan waktu penelitian dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan manjing dilakukan secara rutin. Proses pewarisan dilakukan oleh pengrajin marmer junior mulai dari upaya mengamati, menirukan, dan mempraktekkan hal-hal apa saja yang dilakukan oleh pengrajin marmer senior. Proses pewarisan budaya difokuskan pada kreativitas pembuatan kerajinan marmer. Upaya ini terdapat unsur pembelajaran di dalamnya, dalam konsep pendidikan kemudian proses ini termasuk dalam ranah pendidikan informal.AbstractCultural inheritance is a small step to be able to continue to preserve culture in an area. However, technological developments are sometimes able to shift the effort of cultural inheritance. This study aims to describe the process of cultural inheritance of skills in making marble crafts through "manjing" activities. This research uses qualitative research methods through phenomenology studies. Data collection is done through observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Data analysis was performed using three stages namely (1) data reduction, (2) data display, and (3) conclusion drawing. Determination of the validity of the data by using research time extension and triangulation techniques. The results showed that the Manjing activities were carried out routinely. The process of inheritance is carried out by junior marble craftsmen from the effort of observing, imitating, and practicing what things are done by senior marble craftsmen. The process of cultural inheritance is focused on the creativity of making marble handicrafts. This effort has an element of learning in it, in the concept of education then this process is included in the realm of informal education.
Peningkatan Kapasitas Pengurus Karangtaruna melalui Optimalisasi Modal Sosial dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata
Authors: Hiryanto Hiryanto , Tohani Entoh , Miftahuddin Miftahuddin
Published: April 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan kapasitas (capacity building) pada pengurus dan anggota karangtaruna dengan memanfaatkan modal sosial yang dimiliki dalam rangka mengembangkan desa wisata. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan dengan tahapan pengkajian isu, perencanaan, pengimplementasian tindakan, dan refleksi. Tindakan berupa pembelajaran wawasan dengan modal sosial melalui model permainan dan outbond training kepada pengurus dan anggota karangtaruna di desa Bejiharjo, karangmojo, gunungkidul. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dan observasi dan dianalisis secara kualitatif yaitu direduksi, disajikan dan ditarik kesimpulan. Teknik keabsahan data dilakukan dengan pengamatan perpanjangan dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan yang diberikan kepada kelompok sasaran memberikan perubahan positif berupa mereka dapat memiliki kesadaran untuk lebih inovatif dan memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengembangkan gagasan yang inovatif yang dapat diterapkan dalam organisasi karangtaruna dalam ikut mengembangkan desa wisata. Oleh karenanya, tindakan berkesimbungan dan relevan perlu dilaksanakan kembali di masa depan dengan menyediakan fasilitas yang memadai.AbstractThis study aims to build capacity (capacity building) for management and members of Karangtaruna by utilizing social capital owned in order to develop a tourist village. This research is an action research with stages of study about the problem, planning, implementation actions, and reflection. The action took the form of learning insights with social capital through game models and outbound training to management and members of Karangtaruna in the village of Bejiharjo, Karangmojo, Gunungkidul. Data collected through interviews and observations and analyzed qualitatively reduced, presented, and drawn conclusions. The data validity technique is done by observing extensions and triangulation. The results showed that the actions given to the target groups gave positive changes in their forms and could have an awareness to be more innovative and have knowledge and skills in developing innovative ideas that could be applied in the Karangtaruna organization in participating in developing tourism. Village. Therefore, relevant and relevant actions need to be implemented again in the future by providing adequate facilities.
Literasi sebagai Upaya Penanaman Karakter Peduli Lingkungan melalui Kegiatan Taman Bacaan Masyarakat
Authors: Riyanto Parji
Published: April 2020

AbstrakPenurunan karakter didalam masyarakat merupakan masalah utama di Dusun Jambon. Masyarakat cenderung tidak peduli dengan dampak membakar sampah atau membuang sampah sembarangan, pentingnya waktu belajar, dan cenderung kurang efektif dalam memanfaatkan waktu luang. Kebiasaan negatif ini tidak boleh dibiarkan secara terus menerus akan menjadi sebuah karakter. Maka dari itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui salah satu lembaga yang memberikan solusi terhadap masalah yang terjadi. Pembuatan Team BARKAS (Barisan Remaja Kebersihan Alam Sekitar) Guyub Rukun adalah bentuk dari keseriusan TBM Teras Baca Guyub Rukun dalam penanganan permasalahan di dusun Jambon. Metode yang digunakan melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Program-program didalamnya meliputi pengelolaan sampah, reading Group, dan arisan ide. Program tersebut memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap perbaikan lingkungan sosial di Dusun Jambon. Modal sosial meningkat, munculnya usaha ekonomi produktif, lingkungan menjadi lebih sehat, dan warga masyarakat lebih aktif berpartisipai dalam pengembangan program-program TBM Teras Baca Guyub Rukun. Bisa dikatakan dengan adanya TBM Teras Baca Guyub Rukun peningkatan mutu pendidikan masyarakat di Dusun Jambon semakin meningkat. Tentu saja hal ini dibuktikan dengan berbagai penghargaan yang telah diperoleh TBM Teras Baca Guyub Rukun maupun pengelola. Abstract            Declining character in the community is a major problem in Jambon Hamlet. Communities tend not to care about the impact of burning rubbish or littering, the importance of learning time, and tend to be less effective in utilizing free time. This negative habit should not be allowed to continue to become a character. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find out one of the institutions that provides solutions to problems that occur. The making of the BARKAS Team (Teens of Youth in the Cleanliness of the Surrounding Environment) Guyub Pillars is a form of the seriousness of the TBM Teras Baca Guyub Pillars in handling problems in the hamlet of Jambon. The method used is descriptive qualitative approach. The programs include waste management, reading groups, and social gathering ideas. The program has a significant impact on the improvement of the social environment in Jambon Hamlet. Increased social capital, the emergence of productive economic ventures, a healthier environment, and more active community members participating in the development of TBM Te  ras Baca Guyub Rukun programs. It can be said with the existence of Guyub Rukun Reading Terrace TBM the improvement of the quality of community education in Jambon Hamlet is increasing. Of course this is evidenced by the various awards that have been obtained by TBM Teras Baca Guyub Pillars as w  ell as managers.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF UNTUK PENINGKATAN EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN TRIGONOMETRI
Authors: Setyowati Anik
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari suatu strategi pembelajaran yang efektif dan efisien dalam mengajarkan materi trigonometri bagi siswa kelas X MIPA 1 di SMA Negeri 1 Wedi dengan cara mengaktifkan siswa pada pembelajaran. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan dalam 2 siklus dan pada setiap siklus meliputi kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Sedangkan untuk mengaktifkan siswa dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan lembar kerja yang diberikan kepada siswa dalam kelompok besar dan kelompok kecil. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Wedi, sedangkan objeknya adalah pembelajaran materi trigonometri pada mata pelajaran matematika yang diajarkan dengan cara mengaktifkan siswa dalam kelompok kecil dan kelompok besar. Penelitian yang diadakan dengan meneliti kondisi awal siswa yang diukur melalui alat tes tertulis dan hasil penelitian tindakan kelas dengan 2 siklus terlihat adanya peningkatan hasil yang dicapai siswa dalam menguasai materi trigonometri yang diberikan. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran materi trigonometri dalam kelompok kecil dengan cara mengaktifkan siswa dapat meningkatkan penguasaan materi dari 71,43% pada siklus I menjadi 89,29% di siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini direkomendasikan untuk mengajarkan materi trigonometri dalam pembelajaran kelompok kecil dengan teknik mengaktifkan siswa dengan tanya jawab dan diskusi karena strategi pembelajaran aktif dapat meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran trigonometri.
FUNGSI VERBA LOKATIF DALAM KALIMAT TUNGGAL WACANA NARATIF BAHASA JAWA
Authors: Indrayanto Bayu , Irwanto Wahjoe Sri
Published: April 2020

Fungsi verba lokatif dalam kalimat tunggal dalam wacana naratif bahasa Jawa bertujuan mendeskripsikan fungsi verba lokatif dalam kalimat tunggal. Data dalam penelitan ini adalah data tulis yang berasal dari majalah berbahasa Jawa yaitu majalah Damar Jati (edisi Maret-Juni 2019), Djaka Lodang (edisi MaretJuni 2019), dan Panjebar Semangat (edisi Maret-Juni 2019). Data yang diambil berupa kalimat-kalimat yang mengandung verba lokatif dengan nomina lokatif dalam wacana naratif bahasa Jawa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak. Metode simak atau penyimakan, karena memang berupa penyimakan, teknik dasar yang dipakai adalah teknik sadap, sedangkan teknik lanjutan yang digunakan yaitu teknik catat. Hasil temuan penelitian tentang verba lokatif dapat dibedakan berdasarkan unsur pembentuk verba lokatif tersebut yaitu monomorfemis dan polimorfemis. Kemudian fungsi dalam kalimat tunggal wacana naratif bahasa Jawa berupa unsur verba lokatif dengan kebanyakan berpola S dan P (dengan kategori verba/frase verba). Sedangkan peran verba lokatif dalam kalimat tunggal wacara naratif bahasa Jawa berupa peran aktif dan peran reflektif. Dan sifat nomina lokatif yang mengikuti verba lokatif bersifat intrinsik serta takintrinsik. Kemampuan takinheren/eksternal, artinya verba itu harus diderivasikan dahulu untuk dapat menghadirkan nomina lokatif. Bahwa sifat nomina lokatif yang mengikuti verba lokatif inheren, bersifat intrinsik; nomina lokatif yang mengikuti verba lokatif takinheren, bersifat takintrinsik. Namun demikian, ada juga nomina lokatif yang mengikuti verba lokatif inheren, bersifat takintrinsik. Nomina lokatif intrinsik, artinya nomina tersebut bersifat ketat, jelas, dan sudah secara eksplisit terkandung dalam verba lokatifnya. Nomina lokatif takintrensik, artinya nomina tersebut bersifat longgar, umum (general).
KOLABORASI ORANG TUA DAN GURU MELALUI KUBUNGORTU DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER SISWA SD
Authors: Rantauwati Henny Sri
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan: (1) peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan karakter disiplin dan tanggung jawab peserta didik melalui kubungortu; (2) peran guru dalam meningkatkan karakter disiplin dan tanggung jawab peserta didik melalui kubungortu; dan (3) Kolaborasi orang tua dan guru dalam meningkatkan karakter disiplin dan tanggung jawab peserta didik melalui kubungortu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kasus yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-November 2019.Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik, orang tua peserta didik, dan guru yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara kepada peserta didik, orang tua peserta didik, dan guru. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) peran orang tua peserta didik dalam meningkatkan karakter disiplin dan tanggung jawab peserta didik di rumah adalah proaktif yaitu dengan strategi mengenalkan, menanamkan, dan membiasakan karakter disiplin dan tanggung jawab peserta didik dengan membuat jadwal belajar di rumah dan mengkomunikasikan melalui kubungortu; (2) peran guru dalam meningkatkan karakter disiplin dan tanggung jawab peserta didik di sekolah adalah memberikan teladan, penghargaan, dan membiasakan melalui kegiatan-kegiatan pembiasaan yang menumbuhkan kegiatan disiplin dan tanggung jawab serta mengkomunikasikan melalui kubungortu; (3) kolaborasi orang tua dan guru dalam meningkatkan karakter disiplin dan tanggung jawab peserta didik secara langsung dan tidak langsung terjalin baik, terbukti dengan peran aktif orang tua peserta didik dalam mendukung program-program sekolah seperti POS (Paguyuban Orang Tua Siswa) dan kubungortu. Hal ini berdampak pada peningkatan karakter disiplin dan tanggung jawab peserta didik.
A Patient-Centered Asthma Management Communication Intervention for Rural Latino Children: Protocol for a Waiting-List Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Dawson Robin M , Heiney Sue P , Messias DeAnne Hilfinger , Ownby Dennis
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Rural Latino children with asthma suffer high rates of uncontrolled asthma symptoms, emergency department visits, and repeat hospitalizations. This vulnerable population must negotiate micro- and macrolevel challenges that impact asthma management, including language barriers, primary care access, parental time off from work, insurance coverage, distance from specialty sites, and documentation status. There are few proven interventions that address asthma management embedded within this unique context.

OBJECTIVE

Using a bio-ecological approach, we will determine the feasibility of a patient-centered collaborative program between rural Latino children with asthma and their families, school-based nursing programs, and primary care providers, facilitated by the use of a smartphone-based mobile app with a Spanish-language interface. We hypothesize that improving communication through a collaborative, patient-centered intervention will improve asthma management, empower the patient and family, decrease outcome disparities, and decrease direct and indirect costs.

METHODS

The specific aims of this study include the following: (1) Aim 1: produce and validate a Spanish translation of an existing asthma management app and evaluate its usability with Latino parents of children with asthma, (2) Aim 2: develop and evaluate a triadic, patient-centered asthma intervention preliminary protocol, facilitated by the bilingual mobile app validated in Aim 1, and (3) Aim 3: investigate the feasibility of the patient-centered asthma intervention from Aim 2 using a waiting-list randomized controlled trial (RCT) to investigate the effects of the intervention on school days missed and medication adherence.

RESULTS

Mobile app translation, initial usability testing, and app software refinement were completed in 2019. Analysis is in progress. Preliminary protocol testing is underway; we anticipate that the waiting-list RCT, using the refined protocol developed in Aim 2, will commence in fall 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

Tailored, technology-based solutions have the potential to successfully address issues affecting asthma management, including communication barriers, accessibility issues, medication adherence, and suboptimal technological interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04633018; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04633018

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/18977
Simulation Modeling as a Novel and Promising Strategy for Improving Success Rates With Research Funding Applications: A Constructive Thought Experiment (Preprint)
Authors: McLean Allen , McDonald Wade , Goodridge Donna
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Writing a successful grant or other funding applications is a requirement for continued employment, promotion, and tenure among nursing faculty and researchers. Writing successful applications is a challenging task, with often uncertain results. The inability to secure funding not only threatens the ability of nurse researchers to conduct relevant health care research but may also negatively impact their career trajectories. Many individuals and organizations have offered advice for improving success with funding applications. While helpful, those recommendations are common knowledge and simply form the basis of any well-considered, well-formulated, and well-written application. For nurse researchers interested in taking advantage of innovative computational methods and leading-edge analytical techniques, we propose adding the results from computer-based simulation modeling experiments to funding applications. By first conducting a research study in a virtual space, nurse researchers can refine their study design, test various assumptions, conduct experiments, and better determine which elements, variables, and parameters are necessary to answer their research question. In short, simulation modeling is a learning tool, and the modeling process helps nurse researchers gain additional insights that can be applied in their real-world research and used to strengthen funding applications. Simulation modeling is well-suited for answering quantitative research questions. Still, the design of these models can benefit significantly from the addition of qualitative data and can be helpful when simulating the results of mixed methods studies. We believe this is a promising strategy for improving success rates with funding applications, especially among nurse researchers interested in contributing new knowledge supporting the paradigm shift in nursing resulting from advances in computational science and information technology.
A Mobile App Specifically Designed to Facilitate Exercise in Parkinson Disease: Single-Cohort Pilot Study on Feasibility, Safety, and Signal of Efficacy (Preprint)
Authors: Landers Merrill R , Ellis Terry D
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Many people with Parkinson disease do not have access to exercise programs that are specifically tailored to their needs and capabilities. This mobile app allows people with Parkinson disease to access Parkinson disease–specific exercises that are individually tailored using in-app demographic questions and performance tests which are fed into an algorithm which in turn produces a video-guided exercise program.

OBJECTIVE

To test the feasibility, safety, and signal of efficacy of a mobile app that facilitates exercise for people with Parkinson disease.

METHODS

A prospective, single-cohort design of people with Parkinson disease who had downloaded the 9zest app for exercise was used for this 12-week pilot study. Participants, who were recruited online, were encouraged to exercise with the full automated app for ≥150 minutes each week. The primary endpoints were feasibility (app usage and usability questions) and safety (adverse events and falls). The primary endpoints for signal of efficacy were a comparison of the in-app baseline and 8-week outcomes on the 30-second Sit-To-Stand (STS) test, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire 8 (PDQ8).

RESULTS

For feasibility, of the 28 participants that completed the study, 12 participants averaged >150 minutes of app usage per week (3 averaged 120-150, 4 averaged 90-120, and 9 averaged less than 90 minutes). A majority of participants (>74%) felt the exercise was of value (16/19; 9 nonrespondents), provided adequate instruction (14/19; 9 nonrespondents), and was appropriate for level of function (16/19; 9 nonrespondents). For safety, there were no serious adverse events that occurred during the app-guided exercise. There were 4 reports of strain/sprain injuries while using the app among 3 participants, none of which necessitated medical attention. For signal of efficacy, there was improvement for each of the primary endpoints: STS (P=.01), TUG (P<.001), and PDQ8 (P=.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Independent, video-guided exercise using a mobile app designed for exercise in Parkinson disease was safe and feasible though there was variability in app usage. Despite this, the results provide evidence for a signal of efficacy as there were improvements in 3 of the 3 outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03459586; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03459586
Telehealth as a Bright Spot of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Recommendations From the Virtual Frontlines ("Frontweb") (Preprint)
Authors: Olayiwola J Nwando , Magaña Candy , Harmon Ashley , Nair Shalina , Esposito Erica , Harsh Christine , Forrest L Arick , Wexler Randy
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has accelerated the telehealth tipping point in the practice of family medicine and primary care in the United States, making telehealth not just a novel approach to care but also a necessary one for public health safety. Social distancing requirements and stay-at-home orders have shifted patient care from face-to-face consultations in primary care offices to virtual care from clinicians’ homes or offices, moving to a new frontline, which we call the “frontweb.” Our telehealth workgroup employed the Clinical Transformation in Technology implementation framework to accelerate telehealth expansion and to develop a consensus document for clinician recommendations in providing remote virtual care during the pandemic. In a few weeks, telehealth went from under 5% of patient visits to almost 93%, while maintaining high levels of patient satisfaction. In this paper, we share clinician recommendations and guidance gleaned from this transition to the frontweb and offer a systematic approach for ensuring “webside” success.
Business Intelligence applied to Emergency Medical Services in the Lombardy region during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic (Preprint)
Authors: Sechi Giuseppe Maria , Migliori Maurizio , Dassi Gabriele , Pagliosa Andrea , Bonora Rodolfo , Oradini-Alacreu Aurea , Odone Anna , Signorelli Carlo , Zoli Alberto
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Background: In Italy on the 21st of February, the first patient was tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at Codogno hospital in the Lombardy region. From that date, the Regional Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Trust (Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza, AREU) of the Lombardy region decided to apply Business Intelligence (BI) to the management of EMS during the epidemic.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess in this context the impact of BI on EMS management outcomes.

METHODS

Methods: Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, in February 2020, AREU is using BI daily to track the number of first aid requests received from 112 (Public Safety Answering Point 1). BI analyses the number of requests that have been classified as respiratory and/or infectious episodes during the telephone dispatch interview. Moreover, BI allows analysing the pattern of the epidemic, identifying the numerical trend of episodes in each municipality (increasing, stable, decreasing).

RESULTS

Results: AREU decides to reallocate in the territory the resources based on real-time data recorded and elaborated by BI. Indeed, based on that data, the numbers of vehicles and personnel have been implemented in the municipalities that registered more episodes and where the clusters are supposed to be. BI has been of paramount importance in taking timely decisions on the management of EMS during COVID-19 outbreak in the Lombardy region.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion: Even if there is little evidence-based literature focused on BI impact within the health care, this study suggests that BI can be usefully applied to promptly identify clusters and patterns of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic and, consequently, make informed decisions that can improve the EMS management response to the outbreak.
Desain Antarmuka Sistem Informasi Sensus Harian Rawat Inap di Rs Krakatau Medika Cilegon
Authors: Diniah Tiara , Dian Pratiwi Rita
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang: Pengolahan data sensus harian rawat inap (SHRI) di Rumah Sakit Krakatau Medika (RSKM) Cilegon dilakukan secara manual oleh perawat maupun pengolah data. Meskipun terdapat menu laporan SHRI di dalam Sistem Informasi Manajemen Rumah Sakit, pengolah data belum dapat menggunakannya dengan maksimal dikarenakan adanya kekurangan dan ketidaksesuaian dengan data yang diinginkan. Muncul ide bagi peneliti untuk merancang tampilan antarmuka sistem sensus harian rawat inap.Tujuan: Mendesain antarmuka bagi pengguna sistem informasi sensus harian rawat inap berbasis web di RSKM.Metode: Research and action dengan objek perancangan sistem informasi SHRI RSKM. Perancangan tampilan antarmuka sistem informasi berbasis web yang didasari oleh observasi dan wawancara terhadap subjek.Hasil: Berupa Diagram Konteks, Diagram Alir Data Level 1 serta tampilan Login, Halaman Utama Rawat Inap (RI), Halaman Utama Rekam Medis (RM). Halaman Utama RI terdapat tiga menu yaitu Register Rawat Inap, Informasi Ruang, dan Rekapitulasi, sedangkan Halaman Utama RM terdapat satu menu yaitu Laporan.Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhan diketahui bahwa RSKM membutuhkan sistem informasi untuk kegiatan SHRI yang dapat memudahkan petugas dalam mencatat data SHRI serta membuat laporannya. Telah dibuat desain proses dan desain antarmuka yang sesuai dengan analisis kebutuhan.
Pemanfaatan UKS dalam Pencegahan Anemia pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Daerah Endemik Malaria
Authors: Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Flora Rostika , Idris Haerawati , Nurlaili Nurlaili , Ikhsan Ikhsan
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang: Usia yang rawan terkena penyakit terjadi pada anak-anak dan remaja. Pemerintah berusaha menciptakan lingkungan sehat, menyebarkan pengetahuan kesehatan dan menyediakan fasilitas layanan kesehatan melalui UKS. Di daerah endemik malaria, anak sekolah dasar rentan mengalami anemia. Kondisi lingkungan endemik dan kurangnya asupan nutrisi meningkatkan terjadinya anemia. Di Kabupaten Seluma tahun 2019 didapatkan 21,08% dari 137 anak sekolah dasar menderita anemia.Tujuan: Melakukan analisis pemanfaatan UKS dalam pencegahan anemia pada anak sekolah dasar di daerah endemik malaria.Metode: Penelitian kualitatif, pemilihan informan secara purposive. Pengambilan data dengan wawancara mendalam kepada 10 informan, observasi dan telaah dokumen. Triangulasi sumber, metode dan data. Analisis data dengan cara mereduksi, menyajikan, menarik kesimpulan dan memverifikasi.Hasil: Pemanfaatan UKS melalui pendidikan kesehatan dilakukan dengan memberikan informasi kesehatan oleh guru dan petugas kesehatan. Pemanfaatan UKS dalam pelayanan kesehatan untuk mencegah anemia dengan memantau status gizi anak sekolah dasar dan pemeriksaan konjungtiva, namun belum maksimal karena hanya dilakukan sekali setahun dan belum ada pengecekan kadar hemoglobin. Sarana dan prasarana program UKS untuk pemantauan anemia belum lengkap dan pemanfaatannya terbatas.Kesimpulan: Pemanfaatan UKS dalam pencegahan anemia belum optimal. Sekolah diharapkan meningkatkan pemahaman guru tentang pencegahan anemia melalui kerjasama dengan Puskesmas.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Rawat Jalan dan Pelayanan Persalinan di Klinik Berbasis Web
Authors: Rohman Hendra , Sheralinda Selin
Published: April 2020

Latar belakang: Klinik pratama dan pelayanan persalinan Citra Madina merupakan pengembangan dari Bidan Praktek Mandiri yang menyelenggarakan pelayanan untuk pemeriksaan umum, wanita hamil, persalinan, pemeriksaan fisik, tindakan medis, dan hasil anamnesa. Sistem pengelolaan rekam medis berbasis kertas ketika proses pendaftaran dan pengisian formulir rekam medis, serta menggunakan microsoft excel saat menyimpan data sosial pasien dan alergi obat. Sistem yang ada memungkinkan riwayat data pelayanan tidak berkesinambungan. Tujuan: Merancang sistem informasi rawat jalan dan pelayanan persalinan berbasis web.Metode: Penelitian kualitatif mengikuti tahapan development sistem, metode waterfall. Responden dalam analisis kebutuhan sistem yaitu petugas pendaftaran rawat jalan, dokter, bidan, dan apoteker.Hasil: Rancangan sistem informasi rawat jalan dan pelayanan persalinan berbasis web yang memiliki beberapa fasilitas yaitu login, pengelolaan data pasien umum, pemeriksaan ibu hamil dan melahirkan, data kelahiran bayi, data obat, data pembayaran, dan pelaporan.Kesimpulan: Perancangan sistem informasi rawat jalan dan pelayanan persalinan berbasis web mampu memaksimalkan keamanan dari orang-orang yang tidak berhak mengakses sistem. Pengembangan sistem pada bidan praktek mandiri menjadi klinik pratama ini dapat digunakan untuk mengolah data pemeriksaan pasien umum, pemeriksaan ibu hamil, ibu melahirkan dan catatan kelahiran bayi, serta mampu mengolah laporan kunjungan, laporan penyakit, laporan obat dan laporan pembayaran.
Overview of the Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Recovered from U.S. Poultry Processing Plants
Authors: Waldbusser Kendra M , Krombeen Shanice , Beers Karen L
Published: April 2020

The objectives of this study were to analyze the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing on Salmonella isolated from poultry carcass and parts rinsates using a scoring system for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and to deter-mine whether the resistance of Salmonella to selected antimicrobials critically or highly important to human medicine changed from 2017 to 2019. Samples were collected from 26 plants in the United States, analyzed for the presence of Salmonella, and tested for susceptibility to 12 antimicrobials (n=734 for 8 antimicrobials; n=597 for 4 antimicrobials). The multidrug resistance (MDR) scores and AMR scores remained the same over time (P>0.05); however, MDR and AMR differed (P<0.0001) by serogroup and serogroup-by-year interactions. Most notably, MDR—and AMR for 7 out of the 12 antimicrobials—was greater (P<0.05) in serogroup C1 than other serogroups and/or lower (P<0.05) in serogroup D1 than other serogroups. The effect year-by-serogroup was also significant for MDR (P<0.0001) and—for 8 out of the 12 antimicrobials—AMR (P<0.05); differences (P<0.05) across years were identified in serogroup C1, B, and C2 but were highly variable. Resistance to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone,“highest priority critically important antimicrobials”to human medicine, were not different (P>0.05) across years, but there were significant (P<0.05) serogroup and serogroup-by-year effects for ceftriaxone resistance. Interestingly, gentamicin resistance across years differed (P<0.05) in serogroup B and C. Overall, mean Salmonella MDR and AMR scores were stable from year to year, but shifts in AMR in Salmonella serogroups across years were identified, emphasizing the need to continue monitoring AMR in Salmonella isolated from poultry products in the interest of food safety and human health.
Analisis Peran Guru Tidak Tetap (GTT) Sebagai Guru Kelas Dan Operator Sekolah Di Kecamatan Sanankulon
Authors: Sari Andareka Murih Aditya , Rahardjanto Abdulkadir
Published: April 2020

Abstract: The increasing quality of education in Indonesia until now is inseparable from the role of non-government employees teacher. Non-government employees' teacher is referred to as non-permanent teachers (GTT) in addition to being educators who play roles as operators in improving the quality of education in schools. This study aims to describe the role of non-permanent teachers as classroom teachers and school operators including 1) the role of non-permanent teachers as classroom teachers 2) the role of non-permanent teachers as school operators 3) school principals' policy in facing the role of non-permanent teachers who have roles double as a classroom teacher and school operator. In this study, researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Test the validity of data by extending the time of attendance and source triangulation. The results of the study showed that 1) non-permanent teachers in carrying out their role as classroom teachers cannot run optimally because they are often left behind to carry out their duties as school operators who leave the class at any time. 2) non-permanent teachers in carrying out their roles as operators have multiple tasks, namely as diasporic operators and BOS operators. 3) Principal policies that appoint non-permanent teachers as class teachers and school operators have an impact on the learning process in the classroom.Keywords: Temporary Teacher, School Operator, Principal Policy Abstrak: Membaiknya kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia sampai dengan sekarang tidak terlepas dari peran guru non PNS. Guru non PNS disebut sebagai guru tidak tetap (GTT) selain sebagai pendidik berperan sebagai operator dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang peran guru tidak tetap sebagai guru kelas dan operator sekolah diantaranya: 1) peran guru tidak tetap sebagai guru kelas 2) peran guru tidak tetap sebagai operator sekolah 3) kebijakan kepala sekolah dalam menghadapi peran guru tidak tetap yang memiliki peran ganda sebagai guru kelas dan operator sekolah. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Uji keabsahan data dengan memperpanjang waktu kehadiran dan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) guru tidak tetap dalam menjalankan peran sebagai guru kelas tidak dapat berjalan secara maksimal karena sering di tinggalkan untuk melaksanakan tugasnya sebagai operator sekolah yang sewaktu-waktu meninggalkan kelas. 2)guru tidak tetap dalam menjalankan peran sebagai operator memiliki tugas ganda yaitu sebagai operator dapodik dan operator BOS. 3) Kebijakan kepala sekolah yang mengangkat guru tidak tetap menjadi guru kelas dan operator sekolah berdampak terhadap proses pembelajaran di kelas.Kata kunci: Guru Tidak Tetap, Operator Sekolah, Kebijakan Kepala Sekolah
Efecto de la disponibilidad de recursos económicos sobre funciones cognitivas y preferencias sociales
Authors: Correa Pablo Sebastián , Mola Débora Jeanette , Reyna Cecilia
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar de manera experimental el efecto de la disponibilidad de recursos económicos sobre funciones cognitivas y preferencias sociales en estudiantes universitarios. Se condujo un estudio con diseño experimental inter-sujetos en el que participaron 60 estudiantes universitarios. Se comparó el desempeño de participantes expuestos a condiciones de altos y bajos recursos económicos en tareas de desempeño cognitivo (inteligencia fluida y control inhibitorio) y de preferencias sociales (Juego del Ultimátum, con ofertas de distinto grado de justicia. En general, los resultados indicaron que no hubo diferencias significativas entre los participantes de las condiciones de bajos y altos recursos económicos en las funciones cognitivas y preferencias sociales. En cambio, hubo diferencias según sexo en el dominio cognitivo. Se discuten los resultados a la luz de investigaciones previas y se reconocen las principales limitaciones.
Immune Reсоnstitution Inflammatory Syndrome neuroradiologic features in HIV Infection
Authors: Bakulina E. G. , Troﬁmova T. N. , Shelomov A. S. , Kataeva G. V. , Belyakov N. A.
Published: April 2020

The introduction of antiretroviral therapy has changed the human immunodeficiency virus pandemic. Some patients with HIV infection after starting or resuming ART develop a paradoxical worsening of clinical status, called Immune Reсоnstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS). However, if clinical and laboratory criteria for the diagnosis of this syndrome have been formulated, IRIS neuroradiological criteria do not exist yet. The present study presents neuroradiological features and diagnostic algorithm for identification of IRIS involving central nervous system.
Introduction
Authors: Alberton Amy
Published: April 2020

Welcome to the newest issue of Critical Social Work: An Interdisciplinary Journal Dedicated to Social Justice. This issue of Critical Social Work includes three peer-reviewed articles and a book review.
Logarithmic growth of local entropy and total correlations in many-body localized dynamics
Authors: Anza Fabio , Pietracaprina Francesca , Goold John
Published: April 2020

The characterizing feature of a many-body localized phase is the existence of an extensive set of quasi-local conserved quantities with an exponentially localized support. This structure endows the system with the signature logarithmic in time entanglement growth between spatial partitions. This feature differentiates the phase from Anderson localization, in a non-interacting model. Experimentally measuring the entanglement between large partitions of an interacting many-body system requires highly non-local measurements which are currently beyond the reach of experimental technology. In this work we demonstrate that the defining structure of many-body localization can be detected by the dynamics of a simple quantity from quantum information known as the total correlations which is connected to the local entropies. Central to our finding is the necessity to propagate specific initial states, drawn from the Hamiltonian unbiased basis (HUB). The dynamics of the local entropies and total correlations requires only local measurements in space and therefore is potentially experimentally accessible in a range of platforms.
Consenso colombiano de atención, diagnóstico y manejo de la infección por SARS-COV-2/COVID 19 en establecimientos de atención de la salud. Recomendaciones basadas en consenso de expertos e informadas en la evidencia
Authors: Saavedra Trujillo Carlos Humberto
Published: April 2020

La Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN) y el Instituto de Evaluación de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Salud (IETS) conformó un grupo de trabajo para desarrollarrecomendaciones informadas y basadas en evidencia, por consenso de expertos para la atención, diagnóstico y manejo de casos de Covid 19. Estas guías sondirigidas al personal de salud y buscar dar recomendaciones en los ámbitos de la atención en salud de los casos de Covid-19, en el contexto nacional de Colombia.