bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
We Live Here: Media Architecture as Critical Spatial Practice
Authors: Colangelo Dave
Published: April 2019

This article asks how media architecture in the form of urban screens, LED façades, and public projection might function as a critical spatial practice in the hybrid digital and physical spaces of smart cities thereby challenging prevailing practices and theories of monumentality. The activist work of The Illuminator’s guerilla projections of the 99% symbol on buildings in Manhattan, the treatment of highly visible and iconic structures as media channels and sites of public discourse such as an ongoing research-creation project with a community-led media façade in downtown Toronto, and the #WeLiveHere2017 project at the Waterloo Estate in Sydney which supports tenants in protesting gentrification by illuminating their windows, demonstrate how new forms and practices of monumentality through media architecture can better engage citizens and cities in addressing important societal issues such as housing, poverty, indigenous rights, and discrimination in increasingly privatized public spaces.
Guidelines for anthropological research: Data management, ethics, and integrity
Authors: de Koning Martijn , Meyer Birgit , Moors Annelies , Pels Peter
Published: April 2019

As anthropologists we are increasingly confronted with attempts – be it by employers, the media, or policy makers – to regulate our work in ways that are both epistemologically and ethically counterproductive and threaten our scientific integrity. This document is written out of concern about the problems that occur when protocols for data management, integrity, and ethics, developed for sciences that employ a positivistic, hypothesis-testing and replicable style of research, are applied to different scientific practices, such as social and cultural anthropology, that are more explorative, intersubjective and interpretative. In social and cultural anthropology, issues of scientific governance and its ethics are strongly case-specific. Still, concerns about the imposition of scientific protocols from other disciplines require anthropologists to develop some general guidelines for data management, integrity and ethics of anthropological research. Rather than fixed rules, these are broad principles to guide work and adapt it to specific cases.
Ability of non-physicians to perform and interpret lung ultrasound: A systematic review
Authors: Swamy Varsha , Brainin Philip , Biering-Sørensen Tor , Platz Elke
Published: April 2019

Background:

Lung ultrasound is a useful tool in the assessment of pulmonary congestion in heart failure that is typically performed and interpreted by physicians at the point-of-care.

Aims:

To investigate the ability of nurses, students, and paramedics to accurately identify B-lines and pleural effusions for the detection of pulmonary congestion in heart failure and to examine the training necessary.

Methods and results:

We conducted a systematic review and searched online databases for studies that investigated the ability of nurses, students, and paramedics to perform lung ultrasound and detect B-lines and pleural effusions. Of 979 studies identified, 14 met our inclusion criteria: five in nurses, eight in students, and one in paramedics. After 0–12 h of didactic training and 58–62 practice lung ultrasound examinations, nurses were able to identify B-lines and pleural effusions with a sensitivity of 79–98% and a specificity of 70–99%. In image adequacy studies, medical students with 2–9 h of training were able to acquire adequate images for B-lines and pleural effusions in 50–100%. Only one eligible study investigated paramedic-performed lung ultrasound which did not support the ability of paramedics to adequately acquire and interpret lung ultrasound images after 2 h of training.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that nurses and students can accurately acquire and interpret lung ultrasound images after a brief training period in a majority of cases. The examination of heart failure patients with lung ultrasound by non-clinicians appears feasible and warrants further investigation.
Reliability optimization of linear consecutive k-out-of-n: F systems with Birnbaum importance–based quantum genetic algorithm
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Zhao Jiang-bin , Zhu Wen-jin , Du Li
Published: April 2019

Component assignment problem is a common challenge of reliability optimization, which is a non-deterministic polynomial hard problem widely used in the linear consecutive k-out-of-n systems. In consideration of the advantages of quantum computing and importance measure, this article proposed a novel algorithm, which is Birnbaum importance–based quantum genetic algorithm, to improve the efficiency and accuracy for solving component assignment problem. First, the model of reliability optimization for linear consecutive k-out-of-n systems is established. Second, the detailed procedure of Birnbaum importance–based quantum genetic algorithm is introduced to solve the component assignment problem. Moreover, the effectiveness and the convergence of the quantum genetic algorithm, Birnbaum importance–based genetic local search, and Birnbaum importance–based quantum genetic algorithm is discussed through two comparative experiments. Finally, the case of production monitor systems is introduced to illustrate the effectiveness of Birnbaum importance–based quantum genetic algorithm comparing with the Birnbaum importance–based two-stage approach.
Estimation of camera-space manipulation parameters by means of an extended Kalman filter: Applications to parallel robots
Authors: González Alejandro , Gonzalez-Galvan Emilio J , Maya Mauro , Cardenas Antonio , Piovesan Davide
Published: April 2019

Parallel robots have a growing range of applications due to their appealing characteristics (high speed and acceleration, increased rigidity, etc.). However, several open problems make it difficult to model and control them. Low computational-cost algorithms are needed for high speed tasks where high accelerations are required. This article develops the nonlinear camera-space manipulation method and makes use of an extended Kalman filter (EKF) for the estimation of the camera-space manipulation parameters. This is presented as an alternative to the traditional method which can be time consuming while reaching convergence. The proposed camera-space manipulation parameter identification was performed in positioning tasks for a parallel manipulator and the experimental results are reported. Results show that it is possible to estimate the set of camera-space manipulation parameters by means of an extended Kalman filter. Using the proposed Kalman filter method we observed a significant reduction of the computational effort when estimating the camera-space manipulation parameters. However, there was no significant reduction of the robot’s positioning error. The proposed extended Kalman filter implementation requires only 2 ms to update the camera-space manipulation parameters compared to the 85 ms required by the traditional camera-space manipulation algorithm. Such time reduction is beneficial for the implementation of the method for a wide range of high speed and industrial applications. This article presents a novel use of an extended Kalman filter for the real-time estimation of the camera-space manipulation parameters and shows that it can be used to increase the positioning accuracy of a parallel robot.
Regulation of dendritic cell function improves survival in experimental sepsis through immune chaperone
Authors: Li Pengfei , Zhao Ran , Fan Kevin , Iwanowycz Stephen , Fan Hongkuan , Li Zihai , Liu Bei
Published: April 2019

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional Ag-presenting cells that play a critical role in both innate and adaptive immune responses. DCs recognize and respond to bacteria through multiple PRRs, including TLRs. Heat shock protein gp96/grp94 is a master essential chaperone for TLRs in the endoplasmic reticulum. We generated DC-specific gp96-knockout (KO) mice and showed that gp96 KO DCs were unable to respond to multiple TLR ligands. TLR-mediated hyperinflammatory response can lead to sepsis. However, the roles of neither DCs nor the DC-intrinsic gp96 in the process are completely understood. In a LPS-induced sepsis model, we hereby found that deletion of gp96 in DCs significantly reduced serum TNF-α levels and improved survival. Furthermore, using the well-defined polymicrobial sepsis model of cecal ligation and puncture, we found that DC-specific ablation of gp96 improved survival with significantly attenuated liver and renal injuries, decreased circulating inflammatory cytokines, altered DC maturation and activation, and increased serum Ig. Collectively, we demonstrate that deletion of gp96 in DCs is beneficial in protecting mice against sepsis induced by both endotoxemia and polymicrobial infections. We conclude that targeting gp96 in DCs may provide a potential novel approach for reducing the morbidity and mortality of sepsis.
Comparison of Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodeses Using a Sustained Dynamic Compression Nail Versus Nondynamized Nails
Authors: Steele John R. , Kildow Beau J. , Cunningham Daniel J. , Dekker Travis J. , DeOrio James K. , Easley Mark E. , Nunley James A. , Parekh Selene G. , Adams Samuel B.
Published: April 2019

Background. Tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) arthrodesis is a common treatment option for hindfoot arthritis and deformity. Loss of compression over time with statically locked nails may contribute to nonunion. A novel retrograde intramedullary nail with an internal pseudoelastic component has recently been used to provide sustained dynamic compression (SDC). The purpose of this study was to compare fusion rates and time to union between the SDC and nondynamized (ND) nails. Methods. All patients who underwent TTC arthrodesis with an intramedullary nail at a single institution from 2013 to 2017 and who had at least 1 year of follow-up were included in this study. Baseline patient and operative characteristics were collected and compared between the sustained SDC and ND nail groups. The rate of successful fusion, time to union, and complications were compared between the groups. Results. The SDC cohort had a significantly faster time to union by 3.9 months (P = .049). The SDC cohort had a higher fusion rate (78.0%) compared with the ND nail cohort (75.0%), although this was not statistically significant (P = .75). The SDC nail was used significantly (P < .05) more often in patients with known risk factors for nonunion, including female sex, smoking, revision surgery, prior trauma, and patients requiring 3D cage implants for significant bone loss. There were no differences between the groups in terms of complications. Conclusion. The SDC nail has been shown to achieve successful arthrodesis in a population at high risk for nonunion, using less hardware, and at a faster rate than ND nails.

Level of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective, comparative study
Differences in the prognostic value of tumor size on hepatocellular cancer‐specific survival stratified by gender in a SEER population‐based study
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Jin Kangpeng , Wang Fei , Zhangyuan Guangyan , Yu Weiwei , Liu Yang , Zhang Haitian , Zhang Ping , Sun Beicheng
Published: April 2019

Background and objective

Tumor size is an important prognostic factor in cancers. This study aims at investigating the interaction between gender status and tumor size to evaluate cancer‐specific survival (CSS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

In this study, we searched Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) population‐based data and identified 38,368 patients diagnosed with HCC between 1988 and 2012. Patients diagnosed between 1998 and 2007 were distributed into a training set (n = 19279), and the rest were assigned as a SEER validation set (n = 19089). Definition of cut‐off value of tumor size stratified by gender was determined by the “X‐Tile” program. The five‐year CSS data were found. Long‐term survival outcomes and risk factors were analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier methods and the multivariable Cox regression models.

Results

There were significant differences among these different tumor size subgroups with regards to five‐year CSS (p < 0.001). When applying cutoff points of 38 mm and 75 mm tumor size in men, and 38 mm and 55 mm in women, the most significant difference was observed by the X‐Tile program, respectively (p < 0.001). The five‐year CSS was 27.5% for women and 25.7% for men in the training set, and 33.9% for women and 31.1% for men in the validating set (p < 0.001). Further analysis showed that this significant difference existed in localized, regional, and distant‐stage patients.

Conclusions

These results demonstrated that women with HCC appeared to exhibit better survival rates than men. The sex‐related discrepancies should be emphasized, particularly for HCC patients with 39 to 75 mm tumors.
Default Bias in Extended Choice Rules
Authors: Lahiri Somdeb
Published: April 2019

In this paper we provide a reader friendly axiomatic characterization of the default bias extended choice rule, in the framework available in lecture 3 of Rubinstein (2016) . As noted there “experimental evidence and introspection tell us that a default option is often viewed positively by a decision maker, a phenomenon known as the status quo bias”. A different axiomatic characterization of the extended choice rule is available in that lecture. Our proof makes use of the Szpilrajn's extension which for finite sets (as in our case) has a very simple proof.

JEL Classification: D01, D03
Toward a Learning Philosophy Based on Experience in Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Hägg Gustav , Kurczewska Agnieszka
Published: April 2019

If experience is the guiding light in entrepreneurship education, then why is there so little mention of a philosophy of experience? This article aims to illuminate the philosophical foundations upon which entrepreneurship education rests by discussing learning through experience. In particular, we discuss the concept of experience used in educational research and learning activities for fostering knowledge development in entrepreneurship education. To illustrate our discussion, we develop a diagram that addresses primary and secondary experience and its interplay as well as a model that further illustrates how educative entrepreneurial experience could be researched through the empirical phenomenology. We suggest that although entrepreneurship is currently positioned as an experiential subject in academia, the theoretical and philosophical roots of experience in learning have not been fully addressed, leading to a deficit in our understanding of how knowledge is derived from experience, and how experience may differ depending on its philosophical underpinnings.
Geophysical Study and 3-D Modeling of Site Effects in Viña del Mar, Chile
Authors: Podestá Luis , Sáez Esteban , Yáñez Gonzalo , Leyton Felipe
Published: April 2019

The Maule 2010 earthquake (Mw 8.8) produced damage to several buildings throughout Central Chile. This was particularly the case in downtown Viña del Mar, where an anomalous concentration of structural damage was found in several medium-rise buildings distributed along a narrow area approximately 1 km in length. These observations suggest the possibility of a localized area of seismic amplification effects. We conducted a geophysical characterization using surface wave–based techniques and gravimetry to characterize the main dynamic properties of the soil and the depth of the basin. These data, complemented with several standard penetration test measurements, were used to develop a three-dimensional (3-D) geotechnical characterization of the area. Additionally, the cyclic behavior of predominant materials was experimentally characterized based on remolded samples. To assess complex site-amplification effects, we developed a computational 3-D model constrained by surface-wave geophysics and laboratory results, assuming a homogenous basin infill with increasing stiffness with depth. The results partially agree with damage observations and suggest an explanation related to basement shape in some areas of the modeled region.
TXNIP mediates high glucose-induced mitophagic flux and lysosome enlargement in human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Devi Takhellambam S. , Yumnamcha Thangal , Yao Fayi , Somayajulu Mallika , Kowluru Renu A. , Singh Lalit P.
Published: April 2019

Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) plays a critical role in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the role of TXNIP in high glucose-induced retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction is still unknown. Here, we show that high glucose (25 mM, HG) significantly increases TXNIP expression at both the mRNA and protein levels when compared to low glucose (5.5 mM, LG) in a human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) and primary human RPE (HRPE) cells. TXNIP up-regulation is associated with mitochondrial membrane depolarization, fragmentation, and mitophagic flux to lysosomes. We used confocal live-cell imaging of RPE cells expressing mt-Keima, a coral protein that emits green light in mitochondria (alkaline or neutral pH) and red light in the acidic lysosome, to measure mitophagic flux. We observed an elongated mitochondrial network of green mt-Keima under LG, which is fragmented in HG. Red mt-Keima accumulates in lysosomes as small punctate aggregations under LG in both ARPE-19 and HRPE cells, whereas they are significantly enlarged (2- to 3-fold) under HG. Lysosomal enlargement under HG is further illustrated by lysosomal membrane protein LAMP1-mCherry expression in both ARPE-19 and HRPE cells. Furthermore, HG causes lysosomal cathepsin L inactivation and pro-inflammatory caspase-1 activation in ARPE-19 cells. TXNIP knockdown by shRNA prevents mitochondrial fragmentation, mitophagic flux, and lysosome enlargement under HG. In addition, anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Amlexanox (Amlx), an inhibitor of protein kinase TBK1 and of the mitophagic adaptors Optineurin (Optn) and Sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1), prevent mitophagic flux and lysosome enlargement. These results suggest that TXNIP mediates several deleterious effects of high glucose on RPE, which may be implicated in the development of DR.
Soft substrate maintains proliferative and adipogenic differentiation potential of human mesenchymal stem cells on long-term expansion by delaying senescence
Authors: Kureel Sanjay Kumar , Mogha Pankaj , Khadpekar Akshada , Kumar Vardhman , Joshi Rohit , Das Siddhartha , Bellare Jayesh , Majumder Abhijit
Published: April 2019

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), during ex vivo expansion, gradually lose their distinct spindle morphology, self-renewal ability, multi-lineage differentiation potential and enter replicative senescence. This loss of cellular function is a major roadblock for clinical applications which demand cells in large numbers. Here, we demonstrate a novel role of substrate stiffness in the maintenance of hMSCs over long-term expansion. When serially passaged for 45 days from passage 3 to passage 18 on polyacrylamide gel of Young's modulus E=5 kPa, hMSCs maintained their proliferation rate and showed 9 times higher population doubling in comparison to their counterparts cultured on plastic Petri-plates. They did not express markers of senescence, maintained their morphology and other mechanical properties such as cell stiffness and cellular traction, and were significantly superior in adipogenic differentiation potential. These results were demonstrated in hMSCs from two different sources, umbilical cord and bone marrow. In summary, our result shows that a soft gel is a suitable substrate to maintain the stemness of mesenchymal stem cells. As preparation of polyacrylamide gel is a well-established, and well-standardized protocol, we propose that this novel system of cell expansion will be useful in therapeutic and research applications of hMSCs.
A single KH domain in Bicaudal-C links mRNA binding and translational repression functions to maternal development
Authors: Dowdle M. E. , Park S. , Blaser S. , Fox C. A. , Houston D. W. , Sheets M. D.
Published: April 2019

Bicaudal-C (Bicc1) is a conserved RNA binding protein that represses the translation of selected mRNAs to control development. In Xenopus embryos Bicc1 binds and represses specific maternal mRNAs to control anterior-posterior cell fates. However, it is not known how Bicc1 binds its RNA targets or how binding affects Bicc1-dependent embryogenesis. Focusing on the KH domains, we analyzed Bicc1 mutants for their ability to bind RNA substrates in vivo and in vitro. Analyses of these Bicc1 mutants demonstrated that a single KH domain, KH2 was critical for RNA binding in vivo and in vitro, while the KH1 and KH3 domains contributed minimally. The Bicc1 mutants were also assayed for their ability to repress translation, and results mirrored the RNA binding data, with KH2 being the only domain essential for repression. Finally, maternal knock-down and rescue experiments indicated that the KH domains were essential for Bicc1's regulation of embryogenesis. These data advance our understanding of how Bicc1 selects target mRNAs and provide the first direct evidence that Bicc1's RNA binding functions are essential for both Bicc1-dependent translational repression and maternal vertebrate development.
Eccentric and Concentric Resistance Exercise Comparison for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: VINCENT KEVIN R. , VASILOPOULOS TERRIE , MONTERO CINDY , VINCENT HEATHER K.
Published: April 2019

Introduction

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of eccentrically focused resistance exercise (ECC RT) to concentrically focused resistance exercise (CNC RT) on knee osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms and strength.

Methods

Ninety participants consented. Participants were randomized to CNC RT, ECC RT, or a wait-list, no-exercise control group. Four months of supervised exercise training was completed using traditional weight machines (CNC RT) or modified-matched machines that overloaded the eccentric action (ECC RT). Main outcomes included one-repetition maximal strength (knee extension, leg flexion, and leg press), weekly rate of strength gain, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score and subscores.

Results

Fifty-four participants (60–85 yr, 61% women) completed the study. Both CNC RT and ECC RT groups showed 16%–28% improvement relative to the wait-list, no-exercise control group (P = 0.003–0.005) for all leg strength measures. The rate of weekly strength gain was greater for CNC RT than for ECC RT for leg press and knee flexion (by 2.9%–4.8%; both, P < 0.05) but not knee extension (0.7%; P = 0.38). There were no significant differences in WOMAC total and subscores across groups over time. Leg press strength change was the greatest contributor to change in WOMAC total scores (R
2 = 0.223). The change in knee flexion strength from baseline to month 4 was a significant predictor of the change in WOMAC pain subscore (F ratio = 4.84, df = 45, P = 0.032). Both modes of strength training were well tolerated.

Conclusions

Both resistance training types effectively increased leg strength. Knee flexion and knee extension muscle strength can modify function and pain symptoms irrespective of muscle contraction type. Which mode to pick could be determined by preference, goals, tolerance to the contraction type, and equipment availability.
NAD+-dependent RNA terminal 2′ and 3′ phosphomonoesterase activity of a subset of Tpt1 enzymes
Authors: Munir Annum , Abdullahu Leonora , Banerjee Ankan , Damha Masad J. , Shuman Stewart
Published: April 2019

The enzyme Tpt1 removes the 2′-PO4 at the splice junction generated by fungal tRNA ligase; it does so via a two-step reaction in which (i) the internal RNA 2′-PO4 attacks NAD+ to form an RNA-2′-phospho-ADP-ribosyl intermediate; and (ii) transesterification of the ribose O2″ to the 2′-phosphodiester yields 2′-OH RNA and ADP-ribose-1″,2″-cyclic phosphate products. The role that Tpt1 enzymes play in taxa that have no fungal-type RNA ligase remains obscure. An attractive prospect is that Tpt1 enzymes might catalyze reactions other than internal RNA 2′-PO4 removal, via their unique NAD+-dependent transferase mechanism. This study extends the repertoire of the Tpt1 enzyme family to include the NAD+-dependent conversion of RNA terminal 2′ and 3′ monophosphate ends to 2′-OH and 3′-OH ends, respectively. The salient finding is that different Tpt1 enzymes vary in their capacity and positional specificity for terminal phosphate removal. Clostridium thermocellum and Aeropyrum pernix Tpt1 proteins are active on 2′-PO4 and 3′-PO4 ends, with a 2.4- to 2.6-fold kinetic preference for the 2′-PO4. The accumulation of a terminal 3′-phospho-ADP-ribosylated RNA intermediate during the 3′-phosphotransferase reaction suggests that the geometry of the 3′-p-ADPR adduct is not optimal for the ensuing transesterification step. Chaetomium thermophilum Tpt1 acts specifically on a terminal 2′-PO4 end and not with a 3′-PO4. In contrast, Runella slithyformis Tpt1 and human Tpt1 are ineffective in removing either a 2′-PO4 or 3′-PO4 end.
Accounting, analysis, audit
Authors: Серебрякова Татьяна , Serebryakova Tatyana , Еленевская Евгения , Elenevskaya Evgeniya , Федосенко Татьяна , Fyedosyenko Tatyana , Ким Любовь , Kim Lyubov , Христолюбова Вера , KHristolyubova Vyera , Христолюбов Сергей , Hristolyubov Sergey , Елисеев Александр , Eliseev Aleksandr , Алексеев Юрий , Alyeksyeyev YUriy
Published: April 2019

A specialist in the field of accounting should be able to provide a rational organization of accounting and reporting based on the choice of effective accounting policies; be able to organize the accounting of the presence and movement of property, timely reflection in the accounts of accounting operations related to the cost of production and circulation, execution of cost estimates, sales, works and services, financial, settlement and credit operations and the results of economic and financial activities; to monitor compliance with the current order of registration of primary accounting documents, the legality of business transactions, the correctness of accounting and reporting; to carry out documentary audits; to organize and ensure the functioning of the internal audit service; to carry out economic analysis and use its results to justify specific management decisions.
The final state interdisciplinary examination, the program of which contains questions on the main sections of such special disciplines as accounting (financial), accounting (management), the block of analytical disciplines, audit, should contribute to the verification of compliance of the knowledge and skills obtained in the process of training at the University.
To provide educational and methodical assistance to graduate students studying in the direction of "Economics" profile "Accounting, analysis and audit", this manual is intended
Bone tumours around the elbow: a rare entity
Authors: Savvidou Olga D. , Koutsouradis Panagiotis , Chloros George D. , Papanastasiou Ioannis , Sarlikiotis Thomas , Kaspiris Aggelos , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J.
Published: April 2019

Bone tumours around the elbow are rare. Even nowadays diagnostic dilemmas and delays are common. During recent decades the management and prognosis of patients with elbow bone tumours has improved significantly. Benign tumours can be treated using minimally invasive procedures, whereas malignant ones require a multidisciplinary team approach based on an adjuvant therapeutic regimen of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and limb salvage procedures. This article reviews the most commonly encountered elbow bone tumours and their management.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:133-142. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180086
Território, ambiente e modos de vida: conflitos entre o agronegócio e a Comunidade Quilombola de Morro de São João, Tocantins
Authors: Souza Lucas Barbosa e , Chaveiro Eguimar Felício
Published: April 2019

Este artigo busca discutir as implicações do avanço do agronegócio sobre uma comunidade quilombola no Estado do Tocantins (Brasil), considerando o conflito a partir das dimensões territorial, ambiental e do modo de vida dos moradores. Para essa abordagem, a principal estratégia metodológica foi a pesquisa de campo, por meio de entrevistas qualitativas com membros da comunidade. Os resultados demonstram que a perda do território tradicional para o agronegócio, ou seja, a questão fundiária, é determinante para a ocorrência de problemas ambientais (desmatamento, escassez hídrica, uso de agrotóxicos, perturbação à fauna e à flora), o que altera profundamente os hábitos e o cotidiano dos quilombolas.
Entre "solos" e "terras": etnopedologia, assentamentos rurais e processos participativos
Authors: Nascimento Paulo César , Neto Alberto Bracagioli , Marques Flávia Charão , Inchausti de Barros Ingrid Bergman , Vodzik Gustavo Ristow , De Lima Patrícia Lima , De Menezes Nickolas
Published: April 2019

A atividade de produção agrícola tem presença pequena, mas de importância expressiva na região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RMPA). Esta importância tem motivado a busca por formas de consolidação desta atividade, principalmente a agricultura familiar. Com o objetivo de avaliar as características dos solos, relacionando-os as percepções e avaliações dos agricultores locais, dois assentamentos da RMPA foram visitados, e lotes de moradia e produção familiar escolhidos para este trabalho. Foram utilizados recursos de entrevista semiestruturada, caminhamento e escolha de algumas glebas para amostragem e observação dos solos. Os resultados mostraram que estes solos têm limitações ao uso, como textura arenosa, baixa fertilidade natural e drenagem restrita em algumas áreas. Os assentados conseguem distinguir estas características, e para isto foi importante a comparação com os solos de suas localidades de origem. Este público demonstrou maior familiaridade com abordagens no campo, evidenciando serem estas as formas mais produtivas de diálogo com técnicos e pesquisadores. Foi percebida a identidade entre várias observações do público, e critérios e atributos técnico-científicos utilizados em levantamentos e avalição de aptidão de uso das terras, mostrando a aproximação entre estas diferentes formas de saber, e viabilizando trabalhos no sentido de planejamento de sistemas de produção sustentáveis, de forma participativa.
An efficient and secured approach for sequential and transparent identity validation of user in internet services
Authors: Kalyan Chakravathy P , Vasavi Devi K , Sai Sri T , Abu Saleha SK
Published: April 2019

These days, it ends up noticeably genuine worry to give greater security to web administrations. Along these lines, secure client verification is the central assignment in security frameworks. Generally, a large portion of the frameworks depend on sets of username and secret key which checks the personality of client just at authentication stage. Once the client accesses with username and secret key, no checks are performed and encourages amid working sessions. Be that as it may, rising biometric arrangements gives the username and secret key using biometric information of client. In such approach, single shot check is less proficient in light of the fact that personality of client is perpetually amid entire session. Consequently, an important arrangement is to utilize brief time of timeouts for every session and occasionally ask the client to enter his or her qualifications again and again. In any case, this isn't a legitimate arrangement since it vigorously influences the administration convenience and eventually the fulfilment of clients. This paper investigates the framework for nonstop verification of client utilizing his accreditations, for example, biometric qualities. The utilization of consistent biometric verification framework procures certifications without expressly telling the client or requiring client communication that is, straightforwardly which is essential to ensure for better execution and administration ease of use.
Enhancement of block chain security using re authentication of digital signatures
Authors: Rajasekhar K , Raga Rohith N , N V Krishna Mohan G , Divya D , Jaya Bharathi Ch
Published: April 2019

Block chain technology first got confined to crypto currencies but later has seen its image in varied applications and hence there is a lot of need to improve its security according to the application. Because of the current digital world revolution there are both the need of its implementation for safe and secure transactions, implementations and at the same time the threats it has been facing day by day. This also could be more efficiently implemented when there is a regulating authority set over for the whole network to whom a particular user can ask to if there is any problem. In this paper we are going to see mainly about the working of block chain technology and security threats of block chain and how can we overcome one of the threats i.e 51% attack. We also are going to see its varied applications in different fields and types of block chains which can be implemented in different applications.
Optimal component architecture using particle swarm optimization algorithm for self-adaptive software architecture
Authors: Mohana Roopa Y , Ramesh Babu M , Kumar Jetti , Kishore Babu D
Published: April 2019

The component-based software engineering (CBSE) ensue the procedure of reconfiguration and reusability of components to reap the higher productivity. The context-aware structures are portion of CBSE, which observes the functionality of the system and adopt automatically according to the execution context. In this paper, we are focusing on the aware context guidelines that automatically adapt to the given context given by the customers and remodel the software architecture based totally on the requirements. The component repository turned into added, in which it carries the wide variety of reusable components. The fuzzy logic becomes carried out to the component evaluation in the component repository. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm applied, to optimize component architecture. The Hospital management system is used to test the adaptability of the system.
Brain tumor prediction using naïve Bayes’ classifier and decision tree algorithms
Authors: Shashank Reddy Danda , Naga Harshitha Chinta , Mary Belinda Carmel
Published: April 2019

Now a day’s many advanced techniques are proposed in diagnosing the tumor in brain like magnetic resonance imaging, computer tomography scan, angiogram, spinal tap and biospy. Based on diagnosis it is easy to predict treatment. All of the types of brain tumor are officially reclassified by the World Health Organization. Brain tumors are of 120 types, almost each tumor is having same symptoms and it is difficult to predict treatment. For this regard we are proposing more accurate and efficient algorithm in predicting the type of brain tumor is Naïve Bayes’ classification and decision tree algorithm. The main focus is on solving tumor classification problem using these algorithms. Here the main goal is to show that the prediction through the decision tree algorithm is simple and easy than the Naïve Bayes’ algorithm.
Efficient utilization of energy consumption in cloud environment
Authors: Soniya Priyatharsini G , Malarvizhi N
Published: April 2019

In the tremendous growth of the cloud computing, server consolidation plays a vital role. It gives more benefits also it gives the pollution towards the nature. Inspite of avoiding this, saving of energy in the data center or the cluster is more important. In this regard this paper proposes a method of which reduces the energy consumption. This is done by identifying the active physical machines and the remaining machines were kept in the sleep or off mode according to the user’s availability. Here Virtual Machines (VMs) are grouped under the particular types. Based on this type the customer’s resource request can be maintained.
Information leakage detection and protection of leaked information by using the MAC-IP binding technique
Authors: Koti B. Raja , Kumar G.V.S. Raj
Published: April 2019

The Digital world is advancing in terms of technological development day by day, resulting in an instantaneous rise in Data. This massive amount of Data has introduced the thought of Big Data, which has attracted both the business and IT sectors leaving the scope for huge opportunities. In turn, securing this massive data has become a challenging issue in the field of Information and Communication Technology. In this paper, we have carried out the work on business information sharing data which contains some sensitive information to investigate the security challenges of data in the field of business communication. The article an attempt is also made to identify the user’s intention or behavior during the navigation of data. The greatest challenge that is associated here is to prevent the integrity of the data while sharing the data from organization to the third party, where there exist huge chances of data loss, leakages or alteration. This paper highlights the concepts of data leakage, the techniques to detect the data leakage and the process of protecting the leaked data based on encrypted form.
Evaluation and Analysis of Available Transfer Capability in Deregulated Power System Environment
Authors: Dhana Sai Sri M , Srinivasa Varma P
Published: April 2019

Reliability of network is need of the hour in the present power system market and is constrained by capability of the network. The network calculations are performed using accurate and high efficient strategies. In order to perform power transactions in the system, the computation of available transfer capability is essential which a metric of capability of the system. Generally, effect wattless power is not taken into account in the methodologies for computation of linear available transfer capability. In this paper, a methodology which considers the reactive power flows for enhancement of linear ATC is presented. In order to perform analysis theoretically, a standard IEEE 3 bus system is considered. Another case study i.e., 14 bus system available in IEEE test systems is used for simulation analysis. FACTS technology is incorporated in the existing system in order to enhance capability of the network. To facilitate transfer maximum power in the system, an optimal power-flow-based ATC enhancement model is formulated and presented along with simulation results. Studies based on the IEEE 3-bus system and 14-bus systems with TCSC demonstrate the effectiveness of FACTS control on ATC enhancement.
Experimental investigation of fluid loss and cake thickness control ability of zirconium (IV) oxide (Z_R O_2) nanoparticles in water based drilling mud.
Authors: Paul Anawe A. L. , Adewale Folayan J.
Published: April 2019

A major technical and economical concern of the oil well drilling industry is the potential damage to productive formations because of excessive drilling fluid filtration and its multiplier effect on cake thickness. High fluid loss (high cake permeability) results in thick filter cake which reduces the effective diameter of the hole (tight holes) and causes various problems such as excessive torque when rotating the pipe, excessive drag when pulling it and high swab and surge pressures due to reduced hole diameter and differential pipe sticking due to increase in pipe contact.It is in this light that the potential of Zirconium (IV) oxide (Z_r O_2) nanoparticles in combating excessive filtration problem in Water Based Mud was investigated. Preliminary results show that addition of 0.50g (Z_r O_2) nanoparticle concentration brought about 19.10% reduction in fluid loss and 14.29 % reduction in cake thickness for the High Temperature/ High Pressure (HPHT) filtration test at 500psi and 250 OF. Similarly, the highest reduction of 48.31% and 38.10% in fluid loss and cake thickness respectively was achieved with addition of an optimum concentration of 2.0g of (Z_r O_2) nanoparticles for the HTHP filtration test at the same temperature and pressure.
Development of Punjabi-English (PunEng) Parallel Corpus for Machine Translation System
Authors: Deep Kamal , Kumar Ajit , Goyal Vishal
Published: April 2019

This paper describes the creation process and statistics of Punjabi English (PunEng) parallel corpus. Parallel corpus is the main requirement to develop statistical machine translation as well as neural machine translation. Until now, we do not have any availability of PunEng parallel corpus. In this paper, we have shown difficulties and intensive labor to develop parallel corpus. Methods used for collecting data and the results are discussed, errors during the process of collecting data and how to handle these errors will be described.
Robust hybrid framework for automatic facial expression recognition
Authors: H S Gunavathi , M Siddappa
Published: April 2019

Over the last few years, facial expression recognition is an active research field, which has an extensive range of applications in the area of social interaction, social intelligence, autism detection and Human-computer interaction. In this paper, a   robust hybrid framework is presented to recognize the facial expressions, which enhances the efficiency and speed of recognition system by extracting significant features of a face. In the proposed framework, feature representation and extraction are done by using Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG). Later, the dimensionalities of the obtained features are reduced using Compressive Sensing (CS) algorithm and classified using multiclass SVM classifier. We investigated the performance of the proposed hybrid framework on two public databases such as CK+ and JAFFE data sets. The investigational results show that the proposed hybrid framework is a promising framework for recognizing and identifying facial expressions with varying illuminations and poses in real time.
Nano indentation and morphology study of the polypropylene and high density polyethylene nanocomposites based on exfoliated graphite Nano platelets/Nano- magnesium oxide
Authors: I. Alateyah A
Published: April 2019

Polypropylene (PP) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) were successfully fabricated using injection molding machine, by the addition of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets composites reinforced with 2wt.t% of nano-magnesia. The nanoindentation properties and microstructure of the composites were investigated, in the current study. The XRD patterns of both composites showed the peaks of xGnP and n-MgO, where their intensity became stronger with increasing the concentration of xGnP added into both polymers. In addition, the SEM micrographs revealed a good dispersion of fillers within the matrix. The nanoindentation properties of both nanocomposites revealed better properties with compared to the virgin polymers. The PP nanocomposites showed an improvement of hardness up to 22 % and 118% with the compositions of 1xGnP/2n-MgO and 5xGnP/2n-MgO respectively. In addition, HDPE/1xGnP/2n-MgO and HDPE/5xGnP/2n-MgO represented a dramatic improvement of hardness up to 146% and 341% respectively with compared to virgin polymer. In addition, the enhancements in reduced modulus of PP and HDPE were proportional to the xGNP loading.
Unsteady solute dispersion in blood rheology with reversible phase exchange at the artery wall
Authors: Sankar D S , Jaafar Nurul Aini , Yatim Yazariah
Published: April 2019

The effect of reversible phase exchange between the flowing fluid and wall tissues of arteries in the unsteady dispersion of solute in blood flow through a narrow artery is analysed mathematically, modelling the blood as Casson fluid. The resulting convective diffusion equation along with the initial and boundary conditions is solved analytically using the derivative series expansion method. The expressions for the negative asymptotic phase exchange, negative asymptotic convection, longitudinal diffusion coefficient and mean concentration are obtained. It is noted that when the solute disperses in blood flow through a narrow artery, the negative exchange coefficient, the negative convection coefficient increase and the longitudinal diffusion coefficient decreases with the increase of the Damköhler number and partition coefficient.
IOT based modeling of closed transition transfer switch in IEC 61850
Authors: Sung Lim Hyun , Ho Ryu In , Ho Bang Jun
Published: April 2019

Background/Objectives: The power demand of utility electrical power has stimulated the use of distributed energy for peak shaving. Distributed energy resources need to be monitored and controlled like Internet of Things.Methods/Statistical analysis: Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) are small scale electric energy system like Micro Turbine, Photovoltaic, Wind power, Small Generator and widely spread in Korea. For utilizing electrical device with Internet of Things, we need integrated system and adapt International Electrical Code like IEC 61850.Findings: To connect DERs with uninterrupted grid system, it required Closed Transition Transfer Switch (CTTS). Existing International Electrical Code presented some distributed energy resource by IEC 61850-7-420. However, the switch like CTTS is not presented. So, we described modeling of CTTS in IEC 61850 and verified monitoring data with TCP/IP.Improvements/Applications: The proposed modeling of CTTS not only combines the DERs with grid system but also conjugates smart grid system with IOT Technology.
A Practical performance verification of AFLC based MPPT for standalone PV power system under varying weather condi-tion
Authors: Priyadarshi Neeraj , Kr. Sharma Amarjeet , Kumar Bhoi Akash , N. Ahmad S , Azam Farooque , Priyam S
Published: April 2019

For amelioration of tracking efficiency, the Maximum power point trackers (MPPT) are very important for photovoltaic (PV) generation. For this purpose here a reformed adaptive fuzzy logic control (FLC) MPPT tracker has been presented to enhance its overall power efficiency and gives rapid transient response under changing weather conditions. For voltage regulation at load bus, the zeta buck-boost converter has been taken for its least voltage ripple. MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation environment and dSPACE DS1104 real time control board is used to test the proposed adaptive fuzzy logic controller based MPPT in variable irradiance level and ambient tempera-ture. The tracking efficiency in this presented method is analyzed in comparison with standard fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and perturb and observe (P and O) MPPT algorithms. The modified AFLC controller gives better tracking efficiency and precise response compared to conventional fuzzy logic controller and P and O MPPT algorithms. Theoretical and experimental results obtained are demonstrated for improved functioning of the system.