bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the climate and human impact on estuarine water environments in two estuaries of the Bay of Biscay
Authors: Iriarte Arantza , Villate Fernando , Uriarte Ibon , Arranz Santiago
Published: December 2016

The effect of climate variability on estuarine water environments was assessed in two systems of the Bay of Biscay, the estuaries of Bilbao and Urdaibai, with contrasting morphology, hydrodynamic features and anthropogenic influence. To that purpose, the main time scales of variability in relevant environmental factors were established along spatial salinity gradients and, using a combination of multivariate and regression analyses, the contribution of each factor to the total variability, as well as the influence of climate factors in the seasonal and inter-annual estuarine environment variations were assessed. The major seasonal modes of variability in the water environments of both estuaries were accounted for by water temperature together with salinity stratification and/or chlorophyll a. This seasonal variability was associated with climate variability, as shown by the relationship with air temperature and river flow. The major inter-annual modes of variability were also accounted for by water temperature, along with dissolved oxygen and/or chlorophyll a in Bilbao, and chlorophyll a and/or transparency in Urdaibai. These were also associated with climate variability, in this case summer air temperatures. Water quality variables, such as dissolved oxygen and transparency, were found to be sensitive to reveal the effect of long term anthropogenic activities.
The relationship between phytoplankton and fish in nutrient-rich shallow Lake Qarun, Egypt
Authors: Napiórkowska-Krzebietke Agnieszka , Hussian Abd-Ellatif M. , Abd El-Monem Ahmed M. , El-Far Alaa M.
Published: December 2016

The present study focused on the determination of the baseline data and correlations between biological and physicochemical variables, including the assessment of trophic conditions in Lake Qarun. The concentrations of nutrients were high, with the maxima usually in the east subarea (total nitrogen 6.40 mg dm-3, mineral nitrogen 2.34 mg dm-3, orthophosphates 0.22 mg dm-3). A total of 134 phytoplankton species were recorded. Bacillariophyceae and Dinophyceae co-dominated spatially and seasonally in phytoplankton assemblages. The highest phytoplankton density (935 × 104 cells dm-3) and chlorophyll a content (69.3 μg dm-3) were recorded in the east subarea of the lake, whereas the largest total and dominant fish (Mugil cephalus and Solea spp.) were in the west. Tilapia zillii and Engraulis encrasicolus were most abundant in the east and in the middle part, respectively. When phytoplankton density decreased from the east toward the west subarea, the Secchi disk depth increased. The TLI-based assessment indicated hypereutrophic waters at most sites of Lake Qarun. Statistically significant positive or negative correlations were found between the dominant fish species: T. zillii and Solea spp., and the phytoplankton density, Dinophyceae density, concentrations of TP, chlorophyll a, ammonium, nitrite and nitrate. Such correlations may be helpful to better understand how to enhance the sustainable fish production.
Rare and new records of diatoms in Turkey from Kütahya flowing waters
Authors: Solak Cuneyt N. , Kulikovskiy Maxim S. , Kaleli Aydın , Gönülol Arif
Published: December 2016

Diatoms are one of the key organisms used in biomonitoring studies and they occur in a wide variety of environments, exhibiting a broad range of tolerance to abiotic factors. Historically, the first freshwater diatom study in Turkey was conducted in 1844 by Ehrenberg based on the material collected from the Murat and Aras Rivers. Situated between large continents (Eurasia and Africa), Turkey comprises areas of very diverse geological, climatic and environmental conditions, so we should expect that organisms such as diatoms show high diversity in this region. The aim of this study is to present new sites of rare and new records in Turkey from different genera along with morphological and ecological characteristics. As a result, a total of 73 species (24 rare and 49 new records) are presented in this study.
The utilization and apparent ruminal digestibility
of dual-purpose food plots for wildlife and cattle
grazing
Authors: Springer M. T. , Atkinson R. L. , Armit L. , Nielsen C. K.
Published: December 2016

The objective of this study was to examine
cattle and deer utilization of nine different varieties of
forage cereal grains. Yield and forage quality were also
determined as well as apparent ruminal digestibility
of select forage cereal grains. Cattle preferred annual
ryegrass, followed by the oat varieties compared to wheat
varieties. Deer preferred the wheat varieties and utilized
the plots for the first nine weeks of the study but utilization
decreased when cattle were introduced to the area.
The annual cereal rye yielded the most tons per hectare
followed by wheat varieties then the oat and other rye
varieties. Apparent ruminal digestibility was determined
through the use of fermenters that were randomly
assigned to one of the following primary forage source:
1) fescue grass hay (GH); 2) ryegrass (RYE); 3) Buck Master
Wheat (BMW); or 4) Buck Forage Oat (BFO). Dry matter
digestibility was greater for RYE and BMW compared to
GH and BFO. Neutral detergent fiber and CP digestibility
were greater for RYE and BMW compared to GH and BFO.
All varieties have the ability to extend grazing but more
research needs to be done to determine best management
practices for common use land areas.
Effect of hybrid-SiO2 particles on characterization of EPDM and silicone rubber composites for outdoor high-voltage insulations
Authors: Khan Hidayatullah , Amin Muhammad , Yasin Muhammad , Ali Muhammad , Ahmad Ayaz
Published: December 2016

Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and silicone rubber (SiR) are well-known polymers for high-voltage (HV) outdoor applications. In this research work, the effect of hybrid SiO2 (a mixture of 15% microsized and 5% nanosized silica) has been investigated on the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of EPDM and SiR composites. Using the ASTM standard procedure, the EPDM and SiR composites filled with hybrid silica were compounded by two roll mill and simple blending techniques, respectively. It was observed that with the addition of hybrid SiO2, the composites exhibited improved tensile strength of ~2500 kPa, reduced elongation at break, and enhanced hardness. The samples filled with SiR hybrid silica showed higher thermal stability and volume/surface resistivities relative to EPDM hybrid composites. However, EPDM hybrid composites showed higher dielectric strength of ~23.4 kV/mm as compared with SiR composites. From these characterization results, it can be suggested that SiR hybrid composites are more suitable for outdoor HV insulation applications.
Study on low temperature toughness and crystallization behavior of polypropylene random copolymer
Authors: Li Yingchun , He Shuai , He Hui , Yu Peng , Wang Dongqing
Published: December 2016

This research designed a series of novel approaches aiming to tackle a long-standing problem that is the brittleness of polypropylene (PP) random copolymer (PPR) at low temperature. By introducing polyolefin elastomer (POE), the toughness of PPR was improved; talc improved the stiffness of PPR, low density polyethylene (LDPE) or high density PE (HDPE) improved the low temperature toughness of PPR, and annealing treatment also improved the low temperature toughness of PPR significantly. The addition of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) increased its stiffness through the formation of cross-linking networks. Also, the crystallization behavior and morphology were investigated in detail. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicated that the adoption of annealing treatment can improve the crystallinity of PPR, while a polarizing microscope revealed that the incorporation of foreign matter can facilitate the crystallization process of the matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests showed an unchanged polymorphic composition of PPR after introducing different additives, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that annealing treatment can enhance interfacial interactions between the matrix and fillers.
A review on acoustic methods of algal growth control by ultrasonication through existing and novel emerging technologies
Authors: Mullick Aditi , Neogi Sudarsan
Published: December 2016

The uncontrolled proliferation of algae and algal blooms due to excessive nutrient loading in natural and industrial water bodies is a major issue for water quality maintenance. It reduces usability of the water, imposes hazardous effects of algal toxins released from algal blooms, and creates nuisance in the operation of several industrial water units. Among several existing water treatment methods to diminish the post-algae growth effects, ultrasonication has emerged as an environmentally safe technology that does not involve any use of algaecide. The interaction of several parameters, including climatic and environmental conditions with algae growth rate, have been reviewed in this article. The effects of different acoustic operating conditions for inhibition of algae growth have also been discussed. Concern about high energy consumption led other technologies to be integrated with ultrasonication. It has enhanced the process efficiency and reduced the energy consumption as reported in some long-term field investigations and patent proposals. Several issues that require further research for making this technology widely applicable or to install an effective system design have been highlighted in this article.
Plato’s Theodicy in the Timaeus
Authors: Ilievski Viktor
Published: December 2016

The aim of this paper is to challenge the claims that Plato’s theodicy, if existent at all, is meager and undeveloped. In it I focus on the
Characterizations of the distribution of the
Demmel condition number of real Wishart
matrices
Authors: Shakil M. , Ahsanullah M.
Published: December 2016

The Demmel condition number is an indicator of the matrix condition, and its properties have recently
found applications in many practical problems, such as in MIMO communication systems, in the analytical
prediction of level-crossing and fade duration statistics of Rayleigh channels, and in spectrum sensing
for cognitive radio systems, among others. As the characterizations of a probability distribution play an important
role in probability and statistics, in this paper we study the characterizations of the distribution of
the Demmel condition number of real Wishart matrices by truncated first moment. Since the truncated distributions
arise in practical statistics where the ability of record observations is limited to a given threshold
or within a specified range, we hope that these characterizations will be quite useful for practitioners and
researchers in the fields of probability, statistics, and other applied sciences, such as actuarial science, linear
algebra, multivariate statistics, physics, wireless communications, among others.
Influence of Clothing on Thermoregulation and Comfort During Exercise in the Heat
Authors: Davis Jon K. , Laurent C. Matt , Allen Kimberly E. , Zhang Yang , Stolworthy Nicola I. , Welch Taylor R. , Nevett Michael E.
Published: December 2016

Davis, JK, Laurent, CM, Allen, KE, Zhang, Y, Stolworthy, NI, Welch, TR, and Nevett, ME. Influence of clothing on thermoregulation and comfort during exercise in the heat. J Strength Cond Res 31(12): 3435–3443, 2017—Sport textiles of synthetic fiber have been proposed to have superior properties for keeping wearers cooler, drier, and more comfortable compared with natural fibers. The impact of various fiber content and fabric construction on thermoregulation and perceptual responses are not well understood. Eight male collegiate athletes performed 3 counterbalanced trials of 45-minute treadmill run at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake in an environmental chamber (32° C). Three different fibers, consisting of 100% cotton, a blend of natural fibers (50/50% cotton/soybean), and a synthetic fiber (100% polyester) with mesh loops to facilitate ventilation through the clothing, were tested. Heat strain indices, microenvironment temperature, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and clothing comfort were measured. Session RPE (S-RPE) and session thermal sensation (S-TS) were recorded 20 minutes after each trial. There was no effect of clothing on rectal, skin, and body temperatures, heart rate, RPE, or comfort measures (p ≥ 0.05). A significant effect was observed for synthetic fiber compared with cotton on S-RPE (p = 0.03), S-TS (p = 0.04), and the microenvironment temperature at the chest (p = 0.02). No significant difference was shown for any other fibers on S-RPE, S-TS, or other microenvironment areas (p ≥ 0.05). These results show that clothing fiber content and fabric construction had no effect on thermoregulation, RPE, or clothing comfort during moderate-intensity exercise in the heat; whereas synthetic fabric construction indeed effectively reduced regional microenvironment temperature and attenuated global exertion and TS, which may have important implications for exercise tolerance in the heat.
Skeletal Muscle Fatigability and Myosin Heavy Chain Fiber Type in Resistance Trained Men
Authors: Bagley James R. , McLeland Kathryn A. , Arevalo Jose A. , Brown Lee E. , Coburn Jared W. , Galpin Andrew J.
Published: December 2016

Bagley, JR, McLeland, KA, Arevalo, JA, Brown, LE, Coburn, JW, and Galpin, AJ. Skeletal muscle fatigability and myosin heavy chain fiber type in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res 31(3): 602–607, 2017—Forty years ago, Thorstensson and Karlsson in 1976 described the link between muscle fatigability and fiber type, finding that more fast-twitch fibers were associated with a quicker onset of quadriceps fatigue. This provided the foundation for the Classic Thorstensson Test of fatigability and subsequent noninvasive fiber type prediction equation. This equation was developed with data from recreationally active (REC) men but has been implemented in participants with heterogeneous physical activity/exercise backgrounds. The accuracy of this approach in resistance trained (RET) men has not been established. Moreover, muscle fiber typing techniques have evolved considerably since this seminal work. Therefore, we reexamined this relationship using RET men and a more sensitive fiber typing method (single fiber myosin heavy chain [MHC] isoform classification). Fifteen RET men (age = 24.8 ± 1.3 years) performed maximal knee extensions (via isokinetic dynamometry) to determine peak torque (PT) and quadriceps fatigue percentage (FP) after 30 and 50 repetitions. Vastus lateralis (VL) single fiber MHC type was determined and fibers were grouped as %Fast (expressing MHC IIa, IIa/IIX, or IIx; no MHC I containing fibers). Resistance trained men exhibited 46% greater PT (RET = 207 ± 28 N·m vs. REC = 130 ± 8 N·m) and 28% more %Fast (RET = 61 ± 4% vs. REC = 44 ± 4%) than REC men. Additionally, RET men had a relatively homogeneous FP (64 ± 1%) ranging from 53 to 72%. No relationship was found between FP and MHC fiber type (R
2 = 0.01, p > 0.05). The Classic Thorstensson Test may not accurately estimate VL fiber type composition in RET men, highlighting the (a) unique phenotypical/functional adaptations induced by chronic RET and (b) the need for more sensitive cellular/molecular analyses in RET muscle.
Traffic Through the Trans-Golgi Network and the Endosomal System Requires Collaboration Between Exomer and Clathrin Adaptors in Fission Yeast
Authors: Hoya Marta , Yanguas Francisco , Moro Sandra , Prescianotto-Baschong Cristina , Doncel Cristina , de León Nagore , Curto M-Ángeles , Spang Anne , Valdivieso M-Henar
Published: December 2016

Despite its biological and medical relevance, traffic from the Golgi to the plasma membrane (PM) is one of the least understood steps of secretion. Exomer is a protein complex that mediates the trafficking of certain cargoes from the trans-Golgi network/early endosomes to the PM in budding yeast. Here, we show that in Schizosaccharomyces pombe the Cfr1 and Bch1 proteins constitute the simplest form of an exomer. Cfr1 co-immunoprecipitates with Assembly Polypeptide adaptor 1 (AP-1), AP-2, and Golgi-localized, gamma-adaptin ear domain homology, ARF-binding (GGA) subunits, and cfr1+ interacts genetically with AP-1 and GGA genes. Exomer-defective cells exhibit multiple mild defects, including alterations in the morphology of Golgi stacks and the distribution of the synaptobrevin-like Syb1 protein, carboxypeptidase missorting, and stress sensitivity. S. pombe apm1Δ cells exhibit a defect in trafficking through the early endosomes that is severely aggravated in the absence of exomer. apm1Δ cfr1Δ cells exhibit a dramatic disorganization of intracellular compartments, including massive accumulation of electron-dense tubulovesicular structures. While the trans-Golgi network/early endosomes are severely disorganized in the apm1Δ cfr1Δ strain, gga21Δ gga22Δ cfr1Δ cells exhibit a significant disturbance of the prevacuolar/vacuolar compartments. Our findings show that exomer collaborates with clathrin adaptors in trafficking through diverse cellular compartments, and that this collaboration is important to maintain their integrity. These results indicate that the effect of eliminating exomer is more pervasive than that described to date, and suggest that exomer complexes might participate in diverse steps of vesicle transport in other organisms.
Starvation-Induced Stress Response Is Critically Impacted by Ceramide Levels in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Cui Mingxue , Wang Yi , Cavaleri Jonathon , Kelson Taylor , Teng Yudong , Han Min
Published: December 2016

Our understanding of the cellular mechanisms by which animals regulate their response to starvation is limited, despite the strong relevance of the problem to major human health issues. The L1 diapause of Caenorhabditis elegans, where first-stage larvae arrest in response to a food-less environment, is an excellent system to study this mechanism. We found, through genetic manipulation and lipid analysis, that biosynthesis of ceramide, particularly those with longer fatty acid side chains, critically impacts animal survival during L1 diapause. Genetic interaction analysis suggests that ceramide may act in both insulin-IGF-1 signaling (IIS)-dependent and IIS-independent pathways to affect starvation survival. Genetic and expression analyses indicate that ceramide is required for maintaining the proper expression of previously characterized starvation-responsive genes, genes that are regulated by the IIS pathway and tumor suppressor Rb, and genes responsive to pathogen. These findings provide an important insight into the roles of sphingolipid metabolism, not only in starvation response, but also in aging and food-response-related human health problems.
Effect of gold and silver nanoparticles on the morpho-functional state of the epididymis and prostate gland in rats
Authors: Kalynovskyi V. Y. , Pustovalov A. S. , Grodzyuk G. Y. , Andriushyna N. S. , Dzerzhynsky M. E.
Published: December 2016

Metals are widely used in modern medicine: iron, copper, zinc, vanadium, titanium – all of them are vital for treatment of different diseases. Recently a new field of medical technology has emerged, which focuses on the biomedical application of metallic nanoparticles, with a particular interest in a gold and silver-based materials. These structures are already used for photothermal anticancer therapy, drug delivery, bioimaging, radiosensitizers and as drugs themselves. Despite the wide usage of nanoparticles, we still don’t know much about the toxicity of nanomaterials. Nanotoxicological studies are mainly carried out in vitro, but in vivo effects are still elusive. Hence, we focused on the reproductive toxicity of gold and silver nanosized particles. Spherical 10–15 nm gold and silver nanoparticles were synthesized through the reduction of sodium tetrachloroaurate (III) and silver nitrate respectively with ascorbic acid in the presence of sodium polyphosphate as a coating and stabilizing agent. Next, these particles were administered intraperitoneally to the young and adult animals (1- and 6-months old respectively) at 1 mg/kg dose for 10 days. As quantitative markers of functional activity, we used the diameter of epididymal tubules, height and the nuclear cross-section of epididymal epitheliocytes and relative volume of the prostatic epithelium. We showed that intraperitoneal administrations of nanogold to young animals caused no significant histological changes, although we found a decrease in the nuclear cross-sectional area of epididymal epitheliocytes. At the same time, nanogold caused more morphometric changes in adult animals. Similar results were obtained from the nanosilver groups. Silver nanoparticles caused an observable decrease of sperm quantity in the lumen of epididymal tubules with a simultaneous increase in the number of extraepididymal cells in young animals. Morphometric parameters of the epididymis and prostate also decreased. Administration of nanosilver to adult animals also downregulated the morpho-functional state of both organs, although no histological changes were found. We showed that both nanogold and nanosilver can cause adverse effects on the functional activity of the epididymis and prostate of rats. It is worth mentioning that silver nanoparticles were generally more toxic than the gold ones, which correlates with their known mechanism of cellular action. Although the exact mechanisms of gold and silver action require further study, our results are useful for practical usage of nanomaterials in biomedical and clinical practice.
Biochemical parameters in the blood of grass snakes (Natrix natrix) in ecosystems under varying degrees of anthropogenic influence
Authors: Gasso V. Y. , Hahut A. M. , Yermolenko S. V.
Published: December 2016

The grass snake Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758) is a partly hygrophilous species, distributed throughoutUkraine. This snake may be considered as a test object for environmental biomonitoring. Modern biochemical methods make it possible to obtain new scientific data on the effects of anthropogenic pressure on reptiles. Blood is a sensitive and informative indicator of the condition of an organism as it responds quickly to most changes in exogenous and endogenous factors, and reflects negative influences on both individual and, indirectly, populations. Changes in biochemical parameters may be used as biomarkers of the state of health of reptiles in ecosystems under varying degrees of anthropogenic pressure. Due the increase in anthropogenic influence the development and introduction of new methods of perceptual research, collection of up-to-date information and development of a database of reptile biochemical parameters have become an urgent priority. We collected mature individuals of the grass snake in floodplain ecosystems on the right bank of the Dnieper River in Dnipropetrovsk city. Grass snakes from floodplain habitats on the left bank of theSamaraRiver (O.L. Belgard Prysamarskii International Biosphere Station, Novomoskovsk district, Dnipropetrovsk province) were studied as the control specimens. Our study demonstrated statistically significant differences between snakes from the study sites in the amount of albumin, urea and urea nitrogen, and inorganic phosphorus, as well as in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatise (AP) activity. The amount of albumin in the blood serum of specimens from the anthropogenically transformed areas was significantly lower (by 25%) than in that of the snakes caught in the control habitats. Decrease of the albumin concentration usually indicates abnormal processes in the kidneys and liver. According to the changes observed in the concentration of albumin, a corresponding increase in the albumin to globulin ratio by about 30% was found. A statistically significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity may demonstrate negative physiological changes in tissues of the liver and bones. Increased activities of ALT and AP indicate certain changes in the physiological condition of the liver of snakes from the anthropogenically transformed site. Other studied parameters did not exceed the limits found for different species of reptiles. Significant differences between certain biochemical parameters in the serum of snakes from the studied regions may reflect pathological processes in the grass snakes from transformed ecosystems, mainly in their liver and kidneys. The results can be used in future studies as benchmarks for assessing the condition of the organism of this species in the conditions of anthropogenic stress.
Algunos problemas de docentes universitarios en la elaboración de artículos científicos
Authors: Barbón-Pérez Olga Gloria , Calderón-Tobar Ángela Del Rocío , Loza-Cevallos Carlos Augusto , Garcés-Viteri Lenin , Fernández-Pino Jorge Washington
Published: December 2016

Actualmente, la mayor parte de las investigaciones sobre la producción científica de los docentes de la educación superior aborda el problema desde perspectivas ajenas a los procesos formativos universitarios, mediante los cuales estos sujetos desarrollan las habilidades y las competencias investigativas. Empleando un enfoque cuantitativo, se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, orientado a presentar los principales resultados de la identificación, la categorización y la evolución de problemas de un grupo de docentes en la elaboración de artículos científicos. El referido a la discusión resultó ser el bloque de problemas que experimentó una menor disminución de la media entre revisiones. El bloque de problemas que experimentó una mayor disminución de la media entre revisiones fue la sección resultados. Constituyen tareas pendientes tanto el desarrollo de estrategias formativas para publicar sus trabajos científicos en las revistas académicas, como el reconocimiento del papel central que juegan los problemas en la elaboración de artículos científicos. Algunas recomendaciones que pudieran conllevar a que la población estudiada incremente su productividad científica apuntan a la toma de conciencia sobre la necesidad de construir una verdadera cultura científica en la comunidad universitaria, la desmitificación de la figura del científico como individuo poco común y genial, es decir, como un modelo casi inalcanzable, además de la promoción de la investigación colaborativa, la creación de estrategias individuales, grupales e institucionales para la publicación científica, la capacitación permanente y sistemática, un mayor estímulo por parte de los organismos que controlan la calidad de la educación a este nivel para aquellos investigadores noveles que logran publicar sus resultados, incluso en revistas de bajo impacto; entre otros.
El conocimiento pedagógico del contenido en tres docentes ingenieros: Un acercamiento desde el análisis multimodal del discurso
Authors: Díaz Pacheco César Marcelo
Published: December 2016

Este artículo aporta una mirada reflexiva a aquellos docentes que no tienen formación pedagógica, pero que están interesados en desarrollar una visión crítica de los procesos de formación académica. Para esto, se profundiza en el conocimiento pedagógico del contenido manifestado en las prácticas de aula de tres académicos que no tienen estudios en Pedagogía, pero que imparten docencia en Educación Superior. Por medio del análisis multimodal del discurso, se exploraron las interacciones semióticas a través de la observación de las actividades típicas desarrolladas al interior del salón de clases, con el objetivo de describir las prácticas docentes de tres ingenieros de una escuela de Ingeniería Civil Industrial de una universidad tradicional chilena. Así, se realizó un estudio de casos múltiple, mediante un registro audiovisual de dos sesiones de aula y una entrevista semi-estructurada por cada uno; de este modo, se analizó el discurso de aula con el propósito de develar cómo los académicos despliegan los recursos semióticos que articulan para la formación profesional de sus aprendices. Los hallazgos nos muestran que el profesorado genera un discurso de aula marcado por el conocimiento particular de su materia; dado esto, los medios y modos semióticos que despliega varían según el tipo de conocimiento disciplinar que se produce. Como bien sabemos, la formación de competencias profesionales conlleva la integración de diversos conocimientos para el logro de estas, por lo que la relación entre contenido disciplinar y conocimiento pedagógico debiera ser más bien intrínseca e inclusiva. Lo anterior, implica que los docentes -independiente de su formación profesional- debieran manejar representaciones culturalmente construidas, no solo de sus materias y contenidos disciplinares, sino también de su accionar pedagógico.
Escritura colaborativa de textos en quinto grado: Razonamiento y argumentación causal sobre un fenómeno físico
Authors: Gutiérrez R. Mario Fernando
Published: December 2016

Este artículo propone identificar cuáles son los cambios que se generan en los niveles de razonamiento causal y en la argumentación causal de niños de 8 a 10 años cuando escriben textos sobre el fenómeno físico de rebotar. Específicamente, se tienen como objetivos analizar la influencia de dos contextos de escritura (colaborativo e individual) sobre los niveles de razonamiento causal en la población analizada y contrastar los componentes argumentativos cuando justifican la ocurrencia de dicho fenómeno en los dos espacios. Se tuvo como hipótesis que la interacción en la situación de escritura mejoraría significativamente la calidad de los textos. Se trabajó con una muestra de cuarenta y ocho estudiantes de dos escuelas públicas de Cali (Colombia). Participaron en este estudio 19 niños y 29 niñas (M= 9.4; SD= 0.74). El diseño experimental tuvo dos tipos de escritura: colaborativa e individual. En la primera condición, se conformaron triadas para la escritura de los textos; en la segunda condición, se escribieron estos de forma singular. Los sujetos experimentales fueron seleccionados y distribuidos al azar en las dos condiciones. Los resultados dan evidencia para confirmar la hipótesis del estudio. Se obtuvo un mayor número de afirmaciones causales en el contexto colaborativo y con un nivel de interacción mayor entre ellas, que las descritas en el individual. Análisis de varianza (Anova) dan cuenta de diferencias significativas en el número de variables y en el número de interacciones propuestas. En el discurso argumentativo se encontraron diferencias significativas para las afirmaciones causales, pero no para los otros componentes argumentativos. Los resultados son un indicador de que se alcanzan niveles de razonamiento más complejos escribiendo colaborativamente textos sobre fenómenos físicos que aquellos que se logran individualmente. Sin embargo, la argumentación causal no se complejiza en su estructura, más allá de aumentar el número de afirmaciones contenidas en los puntos de vista.
El pensamiento educativo de Rabindranath Tagore en dos grandes educadores costarricenses: Omar Dengo y Joaquín García Monge
Authors: Argüello Scriba Sol
Published: December 2016

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cuyo objetivo fue estudiar la filosofía y la reforma educativa de Rabindranath Tagore en la India y su influencia en Omar Dengo y Joaquín García Monge, pensadores y educadores costarricenses de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Por una parte, se recopiló y se revisó con detalle la bibliografía sobre la labor y filosofía educativa de Tagore dentro del país y fuera de este; y por otra se analizó la obra literaria y sobre la educación de Omar Dengo y Joaquín García Monge, donde se contempló su labor como educadores, en un momento de cambios paradigmáticos de la educación costarricense. Las conclusiones del trabajo derivan del resultado de la interpretación y comparación del pensamiento y actividad educativa de estos tres educadores.
Actitudes y creencias hacia las matemáticas: un estudio comparativo entre estudiantes y profesores
Authors: Gamboa Araya Ronny , Moreira-Mora Tania Elena
Published: December 2016

La enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las matemáticas se han asociado con bajos resultados académicos, lo que ha creado un ambiente negativo en torno a esta  disciplina. Algunas investigaciones han señalado que las creencias y actitudes hacia las matemáticas, por parte de los estudiantes, podrían explicar, en parte, el origen de la problemática que existe en dicha materia. También, han destacado la influencia que el docente posee en la formación de estos componentes del dominio afectivo de sus alumnos. Este artículo muestra los resultados de una investigación en la cual el objetivo fue analizar las actitudes y creencias hacia la disciplina por parte de estudiantes y docentes. La investigación se llevó a cabo en décimo año, con sus respectivos docentes de matemáticas, y participaron tres instituciones de secundaria de Costa Rica. Para el logro de los objetivos, se utilizó un diseño mixto; la recolección de datos se realizó mediante encuestas, observación, entrevistas y un grupo focal. Los resultados obtenidos muestran coincidencias y divergencias para ambos grupos de participantes. Estudiantes y docentes coinciden en señalar que para aprender matemáticas es necesario, entre otros aspectos, esfuerzo, dedicación y sentir gusto por la materia. Valoran la aplicabilidad de la disciplina, aunque esto no se utiliza como un recurso didáctico en las lecciones. El estudiantado, en general, no presenta interés en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas; mientras que el profesorado las valora como una disciplina agradable y fundamental en la formación de toda persona. Lo anterior genera un reto para el docente, quien debe innovar en su labor de aula para incidir, positivamente, en el domino afectivo de sus estudiantes.
Aproximación metodológica para evaluar la efectividad de profesores: estudio de los docentes de la Cátedra Xe0156 Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Muñoz-Alvarado José Alfonso
Published: December 2016

El siguiente artículo presenta un primer acercamiento para medir de forma más precisa la efectividad de un profesor en cursos de cátedra, en este caso Introducción a la Economía para no economistas. Para lograr esto se utilizó un modelo probit basado en el modelo dinámico de efectividad y talento desarrollado por Holmström (1999), además de varias variables de control. Se logró realizar un ordenamiento de los 18 profesores de la cátedra para el segundo semestre del 2015 y, además, obtener resultados interesantes de las variables de control, como el tamaño óptimo que debería tener cada grupo.
Congresso Internacional Lusófono sobre Esoterismo Ocidental (Ciencias de las Religienes, Universidad Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologías, Lisboa, Portugal, 2016)
Authors: Santana Vieira Otávio
Published: December 2016

Ocorreu em Lisboa, Portugal, entre os dias 7 e 10 de Maio de 2016, o primeiro Congresso Lusófono Sobre Esoterismo Ocidental, tendo como organizador a Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias. Seu coordenador geral foi o Prof. Rui Lomelino de Freitas, coordenador da linha de investigação em Esoterismo Ocidental do Curso de Ciências das Religiões desta instituição.
La invención de la Masonería. Revolución cultural: religión, ciencia y exilios de Dévrig Mollès
Authors: Del Solar Felipe Santiago
Published: December 2016

La invención de la Masonería. Revolución cultural: religión, ciencia y exilios de Dévrig Mollès. Buenos Aires: Editorial de la Universidad de la Plata, 2015. 165 páginas. ISBN: 978-987-1985-61-6.
Brought to Light. Contemporary Freemasonry, Meaning and Society de James Scott Kenney
Authors: Martínez Moreno Carlos Francisco
Published: December 2016

Brought to Light. Contemporary Freemasonry, Meaning and Society de James Scott Kenney. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. 2016. 308 páginas. ISBN-10: 1771121947. ISBN-13: 978-1771121941.
A bölcs Iuvenalis és a neolatin bukolika
Authors: Simon Lajos Zoltán
Published: December 2016

Tanulmányunkban három XV. századi humanista költő bukolikus költeményeit vizsgáljuk. Caspar Tribrachus, Baptista Mantuanus és Faustus Andrelinus eclogáiban szembetűnő mind a műfaj eszményítő tájábrázolásától merőben eltérő realista ábrázolásmód, mind pedig a római szatíra hatása. Noha Mantuanus esetében számos allúzióra már kortárs magyarázója, Jodocus Badius is fölhívta a figyelmet, az újabb szakirodalomban a szatíraköltőktől, elsősorban Persiustól és Iuvenalistól származó átvételeknek — a nyilvánvalóan Iuvenalis ihlette V. ecloga kivételével — nem tulajdonítanak kitüntetett jelentőséget. A következőkben tehát e hatás részletesebb föltérképezésére teszünk kísérletet. Vizsgáljuk a szatíra hatását az eclogák képi világában, szókincsében, külön figyelmet fordítunk a szatíraköltőktől származó, ámde idillikus színezetű képek imitációira, majd a kettős imitációra hozunk példákat, ahol is a szatírából származó átvételek Vergilius egy-egy klasszikus szöveghelyének parodizálására szolgálnak. Megkíséreljük kimutatni, hogy a Mantuanus eclogáiban kulcsszerepet játszó Umber alakjának megformálásában mind a Iuvenalisnál szereplő Umbricius, mind a középkori Iuvenalis-kommentárok fontos szerepet játszottak. Ezt követően a két műfaj rokoníthatóságának műfajelméleti hátterét vesszük szemügyre. Amellett érvelünk, hogy a szatíra meghatározó szerepet játszott a bukolika új, ábrázolásmódjában realista, intenciójában didaktikus változatának létrejöttében.
Charcot, Mitchell and Lees: neurology free thinkers and their experiences of psychoactive drugs
Authors: Teive Hélio A. G. , Germiniani Francisco M.B. , Kowacs Pedro A. , Munhoz Renato P.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Three world-famous neurologists, Charcot and Mitchell, in the 19th century, and Lees, in this century, all of whom had great scientific curiosity, experimented with the psychoactive drugs hashish, mescal and yagé, respectively, in an attempt to increase their knowledge of neurological diseases and how the brain works.
PRODUCTIVITY, FRUIT PHYSICOCHEMICAL QUALITY AND DISTINCTIVENESS OF PASSION FRUIT POPULATIONS
Authors: CAVALCANTE NATAN RAMOS , KRAUSE WILLIAN , CARVALHO JOICE FERNANDES DE , ROCHA MARIA KERHOLAYNE PEREIRA , PALÚ EDNAMAR GABRIELA , SILVA CELICE ALEXANDRE
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT The productivity and physicochemical quality evaluation is important, as it identifies superior populations. However, launching products requires following the descriptors according to DHE test instructions. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate three passion fruit populations with high productivity and physicochemical quality characteristics for commercial launch. The experiment was conducted at the State University of Mato Grosso experimental area, located in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, MT. The experimental design was complete randomized block design with four replicates and ten plants per plot. The physicochemical characteristics were submitted to analysis of variance and compared by the Tukey test. For the distinctiveness test, 25 descriptors were evaluated, where quantitative data have been converted into multicategoric data to obtain the dissimilarity matrix. From the dissimilarity matrix, groups were formed using the Tocher and UPGMA methods, Livestock and Supply Department. The highest productivity and number of fruits were verified for BRS Rubi Cerrado cultivar and UNEMAT S10 population. Populations and cultivars presented physicochemical characteristics that meet the required quality for both fresh consumption and industry use. Based on the distinction test among genotype, it was observed that the descriptors were effective for population differentiation. UNEMAT S10 population has characteristics that distinguish it from other cultivars and populations evaluated, and presents high agronomic performance; therefore, it can be launched as a commercial cultivar.
MANAGEMENT OF ROOT ROT IN AVOCADO TREES
Authors: SILVA SIMONE RODRIGUES DA , CANTUARIAS-AVILÉS TATIANA , BREMER NETO HORST , MOURÃO FILHO FRANCISCO DE ASSIS ALVES , MEDINA RICARDO BORDIGNON
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Root rot (Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands) is one of the most restrictive factors to avocado growing in main producing regions worldwide. In Brazil, scientific reports on the effectiveness of control methods are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of gypsum applications and dolomitic limestone to the soil and potassium phosphite sprays in controlling this disease in ‘Hass’ avocado, grown without irrigation. The application of dolomitic limestone or gypsum alone is not effective to recover plants affected by root rot. The application of potassium phosphite, combined or not with dolomitic lime or gypsum enables the partial recovery ‘Hass’ avocado plants affected by the disease.
Correção da prevalência autorreferida em estudos epidemiológicos com grandes amostras
Authors: Moreira Jessica Pronestino de Lima , Almeida Renan Moritz Varnier Rodrigues de , Rocha Nei Carlos dos Santos , Luiz Ronir Raggio
Published: December 2016

Resumo: As prevalências de doenças são úteis para a formulação e avaliação de políticas públicas. A medida autorreferida é comumente utilizada por ser fácil de ser coletada e não exigir treinamento específico em saúde ou custo adicional. Todavia, esse processo de mensuração pode gerar uma medida enviesada. Objetivou-se apresentar os métodos existentes para ajustar a prevalência, com base na autorreferida, focando nos problemas computacionais no caso de amostras grandes e propondo uma solução alternativa. Os métodos foram divididos em: algébrico, de simples execução, porém não é aplicável em qualquer combinação de prevalência autorreferida, especificidade e sensibilidade; e Bayesiano, que não apresenta a restrição da estratégia anterior, mas apresenta problemas computacionais na sua aplicação em computadores pessoais para amostras grandes. Esses problemas impedem a implantação direta do método já existente, havendo a necessidade da apresentação de uma estratégia aproximada que viabilize a estimação. O método empírico proposto para a aplicação em amostras grandes consiste em reduzir o tamanho da amostra até o limite máximo possível de ser calculado pelo software, mantendo a proporção de doentes. O método foi considerado adequado, pois converge para o verdadeiro valor. No exemplo, uma prevalência autorreferida de 5%, com sensibilidade = 0,4 e especificidade = 0,9 foi corrigida para 0,17% (IC95%: 0,10-0,24). O estudo apresentou os métodos existentes para ajuste de prevalências, bem como uma nova estratégia para prevalências oriundas de grandes amostras, permitindo a obtenção de estimativas mais próximas às verdadeiras, sem a necessidade de mensurar diretamente todos os indivíduos.
Alta prevalência de inadequação da ingestão dietética de cálcio e vitamina D em duas coortes de gestantes
Authors: Gomes Caroline de Barros ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Brasil, Malta Maíra Barreto , Corrente José Eduardo , Benício Maria Helena D'Aquino , Carvalhaes Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Brasil
Published: December 2016

Este estudo objetivou identificar a prevalência de inadequação da ingestão, por trimestre, de cálcio e vitamina D, em duas coortes de gestantes e fatores correlacionados a esta ingestão. Foram coletados dois recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas em cada trimestre, um relativo a final de semana. Variáveis com correlação significativa com a ingestão desses nutrientes foram incluídas em modelo de regressão linear multivariada, com ajuste por energia. A frequência de inadequação foi estimada pelo método do National Cancer Institute (Estados Unidos). Na coorte A, a inadequação da ingestão de vitamina D não diferiu entre os trimestres; na B, houve redução: 99,7% no 1º para 97,1% no 3º trimestre. Nas coortes A e B, a inadequação da ingestão de cálcio esteve acima de 70%, caindo discretamente do 1º (89,2% e 81,4%) para o 2º (79,7 e 69,1%) e 3º trimestres (82,7% e 72,6%). Não houve correlação entre as variáveis maternas e a ingestão desses micronutrientes. Conclui-se que há um quadro grave de inadequação da ingestão de vitamina D e cálcio, homogeneamente distribuído entre as gestantes assistidas na rede básica de saúde.
Vigor tests to evaluate the physiological quality of corn seeds cv. 'Sertanejo'
Authors: Sena Daniela Vieira dos Anjos ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba,  Brazil, Alves Edna Ursulino , Medeiros Dayana Silva de ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba,  Brazil
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT: The vigor tests are intended to monitor the quality of seeds as it allows reliably distinguish lots of low and high vigor, providing additional information to the germination test. So in this study the objective was to identify the most efficient vigor tests on stratification of lots of corn seeds cv. 'Sertanejo'. The experiment was conducted at Laboratory of Seed Analysis at the Center of agricultural Science of the Universidade Federal da Paraíba, using samples from 20 seed lots in a completely randomized design. For characterization of the lots it was evaluated water content, germination and vigor (cold test, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in field and germination at low temperatures). The accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and field emergence of seedlings tests are the most efficient for classification of lots of corn seeds cv. 'Sertanejo' in levels of vigor, been the seeds of lot 1 the most vigorous.
Essential oil of Lippia alba in the transport of Nile tilapia
Authors: Hohlenwerger Janis Cumming , Baldisserotto Bernardo , Couto Ricardo David , Heinzmann Berta Maria , Silva Daniela Thomas da , Caron Braulio Otomar , Schmidt Denise , Copatti Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to examine the action of the essential oil of Lippia alba (EOLA) in the stress response for transport of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus . The fish were transported into three treatments (in triplicate): control, 10 and 20 µL L-1 EOLA, with loading density of 15 fish/plastic bags for 8h. Plasma glucose levels were significantly decreased in fish exposed to 20µL L-1 EOLA in comparison with the control group and fish exposed to 10µL L-1 EOLA, but the plasma cortisol, lactate and paraoxonase levels were similar. Un-ionized ammonia and ventilatory rate demonstrated a significant reduction in the treatments with the use of EOLA. In conclusion the use of 20µL L-1 EOLA is indicated for Nile tilapia transport.
Iron doses in the production of potted rosebushes
Authors: Zanão Júnior Luiz Antônio , Carvalho-Zanão Maristela Pereira , Pereira Natália , Grossi José Antônio Saraiva , Santos Reginaldo Ferreira
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT: The production and quality of roses are influenced by fertilization management. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of doses of iron (Fe) in the production of potted rose bushes ( Rosa hybrida ). Treatments were based on five doses of Fe (0, 1, 3, 5 and 15mg kg-1) applied on the substrate, in a randomized block design with four replications. Seedlings presented two pairs of leaves and were individually transplanted into plastic pots (0.8dm3) containing commercial substrate. Each experimental plot consisted of a vase with a plant with two flower stalks. The following parameters were evaluated: number of leaves and flowers per flower stalk; dry matter production of roots, leaves and flowers; plant height and diameter and floral longevity. In addition, foliar levels of total chlorophyll and Fe were determined. Fertilization with Fe increases the production and quality of flowers of the rosebush cv. 'Shiny Terrazza' (r). Dose of Fe to be added to the substrate used in this study for maximum economic efficiency for this cultivar is 3.6mg kg-1.