bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional Exhaustion Among School Administrators.
Authors:   , Lee Kie-Moon
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate burnout in school administrators. The independent variables were: 1. Gender, two levels: (1) male and (2) female; 2. Years in present position, four levels: (1) 5 or less, (2) 6 to 10, (3) 11 to 15, and (4) 16 or more; 3. Present position, three levels: (1) elementary principal (K-5), (2) middle/junior high principal (6 - 8), and (3) senior high principal (9- 12); and 4. School enrollment size, three levels: (1) 110 or 165 (class 3A), (2) 167-389 (class 4A), and (3) 390-731 (class 5A). The dependent variables were: (1) emotional exhaustion scores, (2) depersonalization scores, and (3) personal accomplishment scores. This study surveyed 132 principals in Kansas - 44 elementary school principals, 44 middle/junior high principals, and 44 senior high principals. A total sample of 104 out of 132, or approximately 79%, of school principals responded to the MBI Form Ed. Each of the four null hypotheses was tested using a three- way analysis of variance. A total of 42 comparisons, excluding 42 recurring comparisons, were tested. Six of the 42 comparisons were statistically significant at the .05 level. Three of the 6 significant comparisons were for the main effect present position and the dependent variable personal accomplishment; gender and the dependent variable personal accomplishment; and gender and the dependent variable depersonalization. Elementary school principals scored higher than middle/junior and senior high school principals on the personal accomplishment subscale. Female principals scored higher than male principals on the personal accomplishment subscale. Male principals scored higher than female principals on the depersonalization subscale. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. an association among gender, years in present position, present position, and depersonalization, 2. an association among gender, present position, and emotional exhaustion, and 3. an association among years in present position, present position, and emotional exhaustion.
The Curve of Forgetting For Substance Material
Authors:   , Briggs Leslie
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper is to describe the method and analyze the results of an experiment on substance memory. The term \substance memory,” as used in the present study, refers to the retention of general ideas derived from meaningful reading material in which the facts presented require some generalization and abstraction of meaning on the part of the reader. This type of memory is to be contrasted with \factual,\ or \verbatim\ memory, in which the task is to retain specific, detailed facts stated in the reading material, and with rote memory, which involves the memory for illogical, disassociated, discrete units.
An E-Prime Approach to the Holy Bible
Authors:   , Cannon Bryon
Published: February 2023

Alfred Korzybski, among others, has written about the harmful semantic effects of using the verb “to be.” D. David Bourland, following Korzybksi’s lead, devised E-Prime, a form of English that does not use the inflected forms of the verb “to be.” This study focuses on the effects of revising the Holy Bible into E-Prime. The study was done by sending a survey to thirty-six ministers in Hutchinson, Kansas. The survey included ten passages from the Bible that the author had revised into E-Prime. Ten came back for a response rate of 27.77 percent. The study show that the ministers did not believe the E-Prime revision made the Bible more accurate, which produces a null hypothesis.
Problems in Developing Water Colors
Authors:   , Workman Esther
Published: February 2023

In summary, I find my main problem in water color painting is how to put an idea down quickly just as I want it and keep it fresh and watery looking. I want to be able to spill out an idea in color that will in the end be right in design. Fredrick Whitaker, an American watercolorist, once said that he wanted his paintings to look as if he had painted them in a few minutes even though they had actually taken a week or two. He doesn't want that worked-over look. To be able to get this freshness, I must learn to visualize quickly what I want to portray, then know just how much detail I need in order to say what I really want to say. I need to learn how much color is necessary because colors dry lighter. I believe that a vivid imagination is very helpful to the watercolorist. Painting with water colors is not only my most relaxing pastime, but also the most satisfying means I have for communicating my ideas and feelings.
Faculty Attitudes Toward Computer Information Technology
Authors:   , Liu Su-Ju
Published: February 2023

The rapid growth of computer information technologies (CITs) has made a significant difference in our society. CITs are changing the learning methods from traditional face to face teaching 10 different types of distance teaching/education deliveries. Some faculty may still have negative attitudes toward CIT and such attitudes may affect students' learning. Therefore, examining faculty members' attitudes toward CIT and their level of CIT background provided important data. An exploratory, comparative correlational design was utilized with a convenience sample of 17 faculty in two university departments in a rural mid-western slate university setting. Rogers' (1964) Science of Unitary Human Beings nursing theory guided this investigation. Attitudes or patterns of two groups (nursing faculty: n= 13; M =281.77; SD = 37.83 and teacher education faculty: n= 4; M = 308.00; SD =27.15) were examined using the Faculty Attitudes Toward Information Technology (FAIT) instrument by capturing group scores at a particular moment in time. The first research quest ion addressed the total FAIT scores in two faculty groups while research questions two through seven asked about differences in the total score and the five subscales of the FAIT between these two groups. The finding for the tola1 FAIT scores showed generally positive attitudes in these two faculty groups. The differences were computed in the Mann-Whitney 11 tests in two groups of faculty. The findings were as follows: total attitudes U = 39, anxiety U = 37, avoidance U = 32, e-mail use U = 32, enthusiasm/enjoyment U = 40, and productivity improvement U = 38 (CVU >= 8). There were statistically significant differences in all total and five subscales of the FAIT at .05 level. Research question number eight utilized a Spearman rank correlation coefficient to investigate the relationship between the total score of the FA IT instrument and the number of Internet/Internet enhanced courses offered by the subjects. The result reveals there was a statistically significant relationship (r,=.647. t = 3.286, CVt >= 2.947, [alpha]= .0 1) between these variables. The findings were compared with the Gilmore's (1998) study. In general, the only differences that stand out are the differences in anxiety and avoidance. It seems that both of these subscales have slightly higher scores than the Gilmore's study from two years ago. Recommendations were made for future research, nursing practice and nursing education, such as replication of the investigation in a larger university, possibly using more departments and/or faculty groups with equal numbers of females and males.
An Investigation of the Foaminess of Some Electrolytic Solutions
Authors:   , Anderson Jerrold
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to observe the foaming characteristics of some electrolytic solutions and to investigate some of the physical properties of the solutions, particularly noting any relations or trends indicated by the study which might contribute to a better understanding of foam. Method and Procedure: A dynamic foam meter was used to study the foaming characteristics of solutions of the salts, NaCl, Na2CO3, CaCl2*2H2O, FeCl3*6H2O, and Na3PO4*12H2O. Concentration of the solutions studied ranged from 0.05 molar to saturated. A description of the dynamic foam meter and its operation is given. The surface tension, viscosity, and density of each solution were determined. The results of the determinations are given in tabular form in the paper. Summary of Results: Several trends are noted from a graphical treatment of the data. In general, the foaminess of a solution increases with increasing concentration. Also, a definite order of foaminess is reported which suggests that the foaminess of the solutions increases with increasing charge on the ions. The increasing order of the foaming power or ability of the solution is NaCl, CaCl2, Na2CO3, FeCl3, and Na3PO4. From the graphical treatment it is also observed that, of the variables viscosity, surface tension, density, and concentration, viscosity appears to be the most important contributor to the foaminess of a solution. This observed trend is substantiated by statistical correlation coefficients calculated from the data. However, viscosity alone does not explain the observed foaming properties of the solutions. Suggestions for further studies are also discussed in the paper.
Remote Sensing Analysis Of Hydrological Functionality Of Playa Wetlands Using Landsat TM/ETM+ Data
Authors:   , Grover Benjamin
Published: February 2023

A playa wetland’s ability to retain moisture and water has the greatest influence on the ecological and hydrological functionality of the playa. In this project, Landsat TM/ETM+ satellite imagery was analyzed to determine whether it could be used to detect hydrological functionality of playa wetlands based on their temporal ability to retain soil moisture and water. The project consisted of a ground truth study in which soil moisture, water content, and vegetation data was gathered from the area and related to the satellite imagery pixel values. With this data, a maximum likelihood classifier was created using the mean pixel values and standard deviations of each ground truth wetness category, creating a threshold of values for each wetness category. Based on the results of this study, it was determined from the final analysis that with the correct weather conditions, and accurate rainfall data; Landsat TM/ETM+ band 5 data is capable of detecting a temporal difference in moisture and water presence between undisturbed, disturbed, and altered playa wetlands.
Family Support and Achievement with Respect to Ethnicity, Gender and Socioeconomic Status
Authors:   , Vu Trach
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate family support and academic achievement with respect to ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status. The independent variables were family support, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, family structure, and number of siblings. The dependent variables were scores from the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills. They were Reading total, Language total, Mathematics total, and Total battery. The sample consisted of 195 freshman high school students. Four composite null hypotheses were tested employing Three-Way Analysis of Variance (general linear model) at the .05 level. A total of 76 comparisons were made plus 36 recurring. Of the 76 comparisons, 24 were for main effects and 52 were for interactions. Of 24 main effects, 9 were statistically significant at the .05 level. Of the 52 interactions, 1 was statistically significant at the .05 level. The following interaction was statistically significant: the independent variables Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status for the dependent variable Mathematics total. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. white students have higher achievement for Reading total than those who belong to other groups, 2. female students have higher achievement for Language total than male students, 3. students who perceive maximum family support have higher achievement for Mathematics total than those who have lower family support, 4. Asian students have higher achievement in Mathematics total than Hispanic and other students, 5. students who perceive maximum family support have higher achievement for Reading total than the two lowest levels of family support (70-79, and 69 and lower), 6. students who perceive maximum family support have higher achievement for Language total than the two lowest levels of family support (70-79, and 69 and lower), 7. students who perceive maximum family support have higher achievement for Total battery than the two lowest levels of family support (70 - 79, and 69 and lower), 8. White students have higher achievement for Language total than any other group, 9. White students have higher achievement for Total battery than Asian and other students, and 10. Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status should be interpreted concurrently for the dependent variable Mathematics total.
Schematic Concept Formation in Elementary School Children
Authors:   , Robinson Gerald
Published: February 2023

The present study explored the development of schematic concept formation (SCF) in children and adults. Ss were 164 children enrolled in grades 1-4 and 30 adults enrolled in college psychology courses. The task using two classes of complex visual patterns required identifying a pair of 8-sided polygons as belonging, or not belonging, to the same schema family. The concerns of the present study were: (1) to examine the relationship between age and accuracy of discrimination, (2) to explore some of the relationships of several organismic variables of Ss to SCF performance, (3) to examine a S's performance on same-class trials as compared with performance on different-class trials, and (4) to investigate whether learning, defined as an increase in accuracy on SCF tasks, occurred. Results indicated all age levels scored significantly above chance on same different SCF tasks. Accuracy peaked at Grade 3 in males and Grade 4 in females with a non-significant decline in adults, although Grade 4 males were significantly more accurate than adult males on different class trials. Cumulatively the six organismic variables studied accounted for 23% of the variance in SCF performance with class standing in arithmetic and IQ being the two most important variables. A comparison of a learning disability (LD) group with a non-LD group indicated no significant difference in SCF performance. Comparison of trial types indicated Ss were more accurate on different-class trials than same-class trials. This may partially be explained by a S’s response bias for different-class answers. Finally, results indicated that while Ss showed no significant increase in SCF performance across Blocks on same-class trials there were a significant increase on different-class trials. Conclusions of the present study indicated that the phenomenon of SCF does occur and may be valuable in construction of perceptual learning theories. Perhaps one of the most promising aspects of SCF may be its suitability for development into a non-verbal and perhaps culture-independent test of certain cognitive aptitudes.
The Influence of the Kansas Supreme Court on the Powers and Duties of the County Commissioners, 1861 to 01/01/1958
Authors:   , Keyworth Fred
Published: February 2023

The county commissioners are the elected quasi-legislative, quasi-judicial, administrative officers of the county, and as such have the duty to conduct most of the affairs of the county. This topic was chosen because the office of county commissioner is the most interesting to this student in that as the administrative and supervisory agents of the county they have more liberty of choice and discretion than the other officers; also, because the commissioners are the legal litigants in all suits against the county. The Supreme Court of Kansas has had a great opportunity to review and influence the powers and duties of the office. The Kansas Constitution and the General Statutes of Kansas provide for the office and set out the various duties, powers, and limitations of the office. The Supreme Court of Kansas, however, is the final word on the interpretation of these constitutional and statutory powers and duties of the board. This paper will show the various interpretations and influences on the office as provided by the Supreme Court decisions. The term board of county commissioners will hereinafter be referred to as the board.
Content Analysis of the Holtzman Inkblot Test with Regard to the Projection of Hostility
Authors:   , Harkness Roberta
Published: February 2023

This investigation is a study of hostility using the hostility scoring system of the Holtzman Inkblot Technique, a new projective technique that became available to psychologists in May of 1961 when it was released by the Psychological Corporation. Its development is the result of several years work by Wayne H. Holtzman and his associates. The Holtzman Inkblot Technique will hereafter be referred to as the HIT.
Cheating: A Comparison of its Incidence in Self-Scoring and on a Paper and Pencil Test at Fort Hays Kansas State College
Authors:   , Simmons Norman
Published: February 2023

The perennial problem for students of every generation is the problem of cheating or cribbing on assignments and examinations. Many people consider themselves capable of understanding and partially solving the problem, hence a great flood of literature is continually being written over the years. Much of the literature is repetitious as persons from different localities and different college generations say essentially the same things. However, there has been much said which has been significant. It is of crucial importance that continuing research in this area be done with as many new techniques as can be devised. Despite the mass of articles on cheating, the majority pertain to the opinions of persons as to the causes and solutions of the problem, there is a shortage of competent research published which either demonstrates that cheating takes place or is able to study its many motivational forces. It is proposed in the present investigation to study the responses of college students when given the opportunity to cheat. One reason for the lack of responsible research is the difficulty in determining when cheating is actually taking place. New and better methods of studying the problem are in need of discovery. It is proposed in this experiment to utilize one method of studying the incidence of classroom cheating which has by now become almost standard among researchers. This method will be compared with a new test which has not, to this writer's knowledge, been formally published in the literature. However, the fundamental idea of this new method has been utilized in a previous study. This will be a new innovation.
The Kansas Tax System: An Analysis with Suggested Revision
Authors:   , Trussell Larry
Published: February 2023

The purposes of this thesis are to examine the Kansas general revenue system and outline several possible revisions and additions to this system which would make it more equitable and productive. The major taxes now providing general revenue for the state of Kansas are discussed in Chapter II. The taxes discussed in this chapter are the retail sales and compensating use taxes, which provided 58.5 per cent of Kansas general revenue in 1965, the personal, corporate, and financial institutions income taxes, which provided 28.9 per cent of total general revenue in 1965, and the cigarette taxes and fees, which provided 7.1 per cent of the 1965 general revenue. Chapter III is concerned with possible reforms in the present sales, compensating use, and personal and corporate income taxes. In regard to sales tax reform the exemption of certain items from the tax base and the allowance of an income tax credit for sales taxes paid are discussed as possible means of decreasing the regressive nature of this tax. In the compensating use tax area the main problem relates to what firms are required to collect this tax for the states. The basic revisions discussed in relation to the personal and corporate income taxes include the adoption by the state of the Federal tax base, the division of corporate incomes among the states, and the Federal collection of these state taxes. Some alternative revenue sources for the state of Kansas are briefly discussed in Chapter IV. Discussed in this Chapter are the severance tax, reform and expansion of our liquor taxes, expansion of our inheritance tax, and the adoption of pari-mutuel betting. The severance tax was found to be the most promising of these revenue sources, but it appears that all of these sources could provide some relief for our present revenue sources. However, there is considerable criticism of most of these sources; and it appears that additional studies need to be made in these areas.
Soviet Views of the International Court of Justice
Authors:   , Wittig June
Published: February 2023

The idea of entrusting the settlement of international disputes to an impartial authority which would render a decision on the basis of law is a very old idea. Examples are to be found in ancient Greece, but the modern development of international arbitration dates from the Hay Treaty of 1784, between Great Britain and the United States, which provided for the establishment of mixed commissions for the settlement of a number of disputes existing between the two countries. These commissions were composed of an equal number of members appointed by each of the parties and presided over by an umpire. During the nineteenth century, a movement in favor of arbitration gathered momentum. An important stage in this development was marked by the Alabama arbitration between the United States and Great Britain in 1872. In the years that followed other international disputes were settled by arbitration.
Associations of Ethnic Group, Sex, and Achievement to School Related Attitudes for Intermediate Grade School Students
Authors:   , Coffelt Marilyn
Published: February 2023

This analytic, relational survey explored the effects of ethnic group and sex on school related attitudes and the relationship between academic achievement and attitudes toward school. A direct, self-report measure of attitudes toward various aspects of school, an amended version of the School Sentiment Index, was administered to 173 intermediate grade school pupils from three elementary schools located in the San Luis Valley of southern Colorado. The area is isolated, rural, and economically disadvantaged. Over half the students in the sample were of Mexican-American heritage. The purpose of the study was to examine assumptions implied in the rationale for educational programs attempting to directly influence attitudes of minority and disadvantaged students with the imputation that negative attitudes toward school severely handicap school performance for these students. The study was also an effort to generate data which would be useful in educational program planning and evaluation. Analysis of covariance was used to compare scores obtained on the attitude measure in a 2 x 2 factorial design with composite achievement test score as the covariate. Pearson r correlation coefficients were computed between scores on attitude and achievement measures. Although Mexican-American students scored significantly lower on academic achievement tests, they did not respond more negatively on the measure of attitudes toward school than did their Anglo peers. They, in fact, indicated a relatively more positive attitude toward their orientation toward school in general and in their satisfaction toward peer relationships in school. A small but significant correlation was found between achievement test scores and attitude toward school. The relationship was greater for Anglo students than for Mexican-American students as well as for one school than for others. There was a trend, not statistically significant, for the relationship between attitude and achievement to increase by grade level. It was concluded that the scholastic performance of minority children is no more a function of their sentiments toward school than for other children. Results of the study generated several questions which merit further investigation in regard to the factors which effect both academic achievement and attitudes toward school, especially for children of minority and disadvantaged groups. It would appear that educators should look at changes which could be made in traditional methods and curriculum which would make schooling a more effective and relevant experience for all children and youth rather than imputing its failures to the attitudes held by the population it is to serve.
Conduits
Authors:   , Higerd Jennifer
Published: February 2023

Conduit refers to the means of conveying something vital from place to place or between beings. Clearly visible in some works, for which the connection plays a formal and symbolic role, the undisguised conduit shows the ways we connect to others. In its naked form, the conduit reveals the nature of our connections to others. At times fragile and tenuous, it can be tenaciously strong, sometimes so strong, perhaps too strong, that where the joint will not give way, the body itself will break. Made visible by the tubular form of the plant stem seen in cross -section, conduit cells within the stem can be viewed as roughly circular, representing organic wholeness, completion, and cycles. Systems created by cells call to mind little communities, in which many individuals come together to form a larger, functioning whole. Borrowing plant parts and imagery to represent stages in the human life cycle: life and death, growth and decay, reproduction and fertility these works transcend mere scientific investigation. In other works, the architectural forms with their reference to religious rites suggest the conduit or connection to the unseen, the spiritual, or that which is bigger than the individual. Whether viewed from a microscopic or cosmic perspective, the conduit suggests that the passage, the journey through which all life and energy flows is essential.
Computer Mediated Communication: Does It Liberate Individuals, Or Construct Groups? A Narrative Integration of the Cues-Filtered-Out Theory and the Social Identity Model of Deindividuation Effect
Authors:   , Pfeifer Eric
Published: February 2023

According to Perkins and Higgs (2002), \The Social Identity Model of Deindividuation Effects (SIDE) is perhaps the second most prominent model of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) after the Cues-Filtered-Out approach (CFO)\ (p. 3). The narrative integration of 44 CMC studies presented here compared these 2 models to find the dominant pattern in CMC. Through the use of the Phi-Coefficient of Association findings confirmed there is no dominant theory. Experimental duration was the important variable and it proved to be the driving force behind the communication process happening in CMC. Studies using shorter duration of communication displayed findings associated with CFO. In contrast, studies using longer duration of communication displayed findings associated with SIDE. Consequently, both CFO and SIDE take place across CMC in accordance to time. The results suggest areas for future research. Limitations of the study were explored. Finally, the importance of these findings to the communication field was examined. Clarification has been given to the communication interactions surrounding CMC and future communication can be improved.
Apostrophe 'S'
Authors:   , Isozaki Tadashi
Published: February 2023

Apo’strophe stems from the idea that what we create ultimately belongs to everybody. These art forms are inspired by, and produced for, the environment that we live in.
Death Anxiety, Locus of Control, Anomia, and Self-Esteem
Authors:   , Hermes William
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to evaluate the effects of certain variables upon death anxiety. The dependent variable was death anxiety scores. Eight independent variables were investigated: 1) gender, 2) classification, 3) college major, 4) religious preference, 5) number of recent deaths of close relatives or friends, 6) anomia, 7) self-esteem, and 8) locus of control. The subjects consisted of 63 freshmen, 52 sophomores, 90 juniors, and 97 seniors who were enrolled at a small university in the Midwest. The total sample consisted of 302 subjects. Five instruments were used: a demographic variable scale constructed by the researcher, Srole's Anomia Scale, Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory (Adult Form), Rotter Internal-External Locus or Control Scale, and Templer Death Anxiety Scale. A status survey design with predetermined and post hoc groupings was employed. A total of five hypotheses was tested. Seven of the eight main effects and one of the 13 two-way interactions tested were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of this study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1) Females have more death anxiety than males. 2) There is no difference in the death anxiety scores between females with low and average amounts of anomia. There is a sizable difference between the death anxiety.
A Comparative Study of Four High School Textbooks In Physics Based On A Derived Vocabulary
Authors:   , Bowman Harlan
Published: February 2023

The specific problem of this thesis is! Comparative Study of Four High School Textbooks in Physics Based _£g Derived Vocabulary. The textbooks used for this study were four in number and at the present time, the state adopted textbooks in physics for Kansas. (1) Elementary Practical Physics by Newton H. Black and Harvey N. Davis, The Macmillan Company, 1945. (2) Modern Physics by Charles C. Dull, Henry Holt and Company, 1945. (3) Elements of Physics by Robert W. Fuller, Reymond B. Brownlee, D. Lee Baker, Allyn and Bacon, 1946. (4) Physics by Walter G. Whitman and A. P. Peck, American Book Company, 1946. The purpose of the study was not to determine which is the best textbook of the four , because there is no one best textbook; but rather to draw attention to the vocabulary of physics textbooks as a means of learning. It is the intention of the writer that the study will be of value to teachers, particularly those teaching high school physics and using any one book or all four books employed in this survey. The thesis may be of some aid to teachers who have a choice of textbooks to make in Kansas or in some other state.
An Input-Output Matrix for Ellis County
Authors:   , Maydew Gary
Published: February 2023

Widespread interest usually exists as to the effect of a college or university on the economy of a local area. The author shares this interest; thus, the primary goal of this thesis was to quantitatively determine the impact that Fort Hays Kansas State College has on the economy of Ellis County. Secondary goals were to discover the interdependence (or lack of interdependence) existing among the various processing sectors that make up the business spectrum of Ellis County. It was decided to utilize input-output analysis to accomplish this objective. A transactions matrix was constructed from secondary data and a limited amount of direct research. The transactions matrix was inverted in order to obtain business and income multipliers. The author's conclusions are as follows: 1. As was expected, the processing sectors in Ellis County exhibit a relative lack of interdependence, that is, both exports and imports are relatively high. 2. The Ellis County economy is relatively diversified, with several sectors being important contributors to income. 3. Educational services are by far the most important sector in Ellis County, and agriculture and mining are also quite important as contributors to personal income. 4. The increased enrollment and budget of Fort Hays Kansas State College will effect an approximate increase in personal income for the years 1967-1972 of $2,500,000. 5. The indicated increase in the three service sectors in Ellis County means that population and income should continue to grow at a steady pace. 6. An input-output study conducted by direct survey methods is necessary in order to predict expansions in specific sectors.
The Influence of an Intermittant Visual Stimulus Upon Perceptual- Motor Skills in Aviation
Authors:   , Ailslieger Ross
Published: February 2023

This study was designed to investigate the effects of a flashing light upon simple tasks such as digit span, reaction time, and pursuit rotor, and a complex task, which combined the three simply ones. The tasks were selected as being representative of skills involved in operation of an airplane; the flashing light simulating such things as sunlight flashing through a propeller, the red rotating beacons used at night, etc. The data for each task was subjected to a 2x2 factorial analysis for repeated measures, with complexity (simple and combined tasks) and lights (steady and flashing) as main effects. The analysis of the digit span performance yielded no significant F’s. Pursuit rotor performance was significantly poorer with the flashing light than with steady light. Reaction time was significantly greater for the complex than for the simple task. It was concluded that cognitive processes as measured by the digit span are not significantly affected by complexity or extraneous interference from the flashing light. Simple reaction tasks are affected by the complexity of the task, but interfering stimuli do not seem to decrease performance. The pursuit rotor performance is adversely affected by extraneous stimuli, but the complexity of the task doesn’t appear to decrease performance.
An Osteological Study of Nyctosaurus and Trinacromerum with a Description of a New Species of Nyctosaurus
Authors:   , Bonner Orville
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this osteological study is to review previous descriptions, to describe any previously unidentified elements, and to record the dimensions of the elements present in these two specimens. With these data a comparison will be made with other specimens previously found. An attempt will be made to determine if the identification of Nyctosaurus gracilis (Marsh) and Trinacromerum osborni (Williston) are tenable genera and species and fully valid in the light of these studies of the excellent skeletal material available.
Competency Skills for Nurse Managers
Authors:   , Diederich Gerilyn
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to identify specific competency skills that are considered important for hospital-based nurse manger effectiveness, as perceived by nurse executives and nurse managers. The investigation was based on the conceptual framework of Katz (1955), which describes the skills of an effective administrator. Katz suggests that effective administration rests on three developable skills-technical, human, and conceptual. A descriptive design was used to study hospital-based nurse executive and nurse manager perceptions of effective competency skills for nurse managers via a mailed questionnaire. Kansas Organization of Nurse Leaders (KONL) members were asked to rate competencies as they perceive them necessary for nurse manager effectiveness. Descriptive statistical analysis was used in this investigation. The competency ratings assigned to each item were totaled, and the range, means, standard deviation, and rank calculated. Analysis of variance was performed to examine the impact of hospital size on the perceptions of important competencies. Findings resulted in identification of the most important nurse manager competencies as perceived by nurse managers and nurse executives. The highest ranked important competencies were effective communication, conflict resolution and decision making which were in the Human and Leadership categories of competency. Some managerial competencies were perceived as more important than others. The lowest ranked competencies being the research process, nursing theories, and research-based care practices, which were in the Technical and Conceptual categories of competency. Findings of this investigation may be used as a basis for nurse manager selection, preparation and performance evaluation. Recommendations for further research encompass the need to clarify the findings that research and research-based care practices are perceived as less important competencies for nurse manager effectiveness.
Survey Of The Freshwater Gastropods Of Southeastern Kansas With Emphasis On The Distribution And Habitat Use Of The Delta Hydrobe (Probythinella Emarginata)
Authors:   , Sowards Bryan
Published: February 2023

The status of many aquatic gastropods in North America is not well understood. Many are exposed to threats similar to those that affect bivalves and other aquatic macroinvertebrates. The delta hydrobe (Probythinella emarginata) is a gill-breathing (prosobranch) snail that occurs in the northeastern United States and eastern Canada. It is 1 of only 5 species of prosobranchs in Kansas and is highly sensitive to changes in water quality within watersheds. Probythinella emarginata is presumed to be a Pleistocene relic in the state; it was first collected alive in Kansas in 2001 within Cedar Creek, Chase County, Kansas. I surveyed 13 sites on Cedar Creek, a second-order stream in the Flint Hills region of tallgrass prairie, in an effort to delineate the distribution and habitat preference of P. emarginata. In addition, 38 sites near Cedar Creek and in adjacent basins in southeastern Kansas were surveyed. Eleven species of freshwater gastropods were collected; P. emarginata was collected alive only in Cedar Creek, Chase County, and the Elk River, Montgomery County. Probythinella emarginata was the most abundant valve collected in Cedar Creek, but only 2 of 604 valves collected represented live individuals. This population, as judged by previous collections, has experienced a decline since 2001. Individuals from the Elk River population were collected among algae-covered bedrock in the lower portion of the basin. Densities of 3.7/m2 and 24.2/m2 were quantified from 2 sites in the Elk River but were restricted to downstream locations. Probythinella emarginata in the Elk River was positively associated with dissolved oxygen and negatively associated with edge-water habitat. The historical range retraction and habitat iii restrictions of P. emarginata within both streams, and the decline in the Cedar Creek population, indicate this is a rare species vulnerable to extirpation from Kansas.
A Study of Certain Trigonometric and Hyperbolic Transformations
Authors:   , Nelson Ronald
Published: February 2023

The main problem of this paper is the study of certain trigonometric and hyperbolic transformations. The functions sin z, cos z, sinh z, and cosh z will be considered. Particular emphasis will be placed upon the images of circles and non-vertical and non-horizontal lines produced by these transformations.
Nurse Attitudes Toward Disabled Children
Authors:   , Cross Lynda
Published: February 2023

Society’s attitudes toward people with disabilities are often based on lack of understanding, fear of the unknown, and stereotypes learned from others (Thompson et al., 2003). The personal attitudes of the nurse influences how they respond to children with disabilities, and this may have an effect on the children’s outcome, as well as their self-image. Negative attitudes toward the disabled may be redirected through education about disability, as well as through contact with persons with disabilities. It is crucial for nurses to be aware of and understand the issues that face disabled children and to be able to act as a positive resource of physical care, advice, and emotional support (Holmes, 1999). The purpose of this investigation was to compare attitudes of nursing students and registered nurses in practice toward disabled children. This study also set out to determine if age of the nurse and an association with a disabled person influenced the attitude of the nurse. The framework for this investigation was based on Travelbee’s Human-to-Human Relationship model, which states that the nurse’s perception of patient influences the quality and quantity of nursing care given to an ill person (Travellbee, 1971). The research design for this investigation was a level II non-experimental design, with a comparative and correlational component Data was collected form 70 baccalaureate nursing students in their senior year and 46 practicing registered nurses working in pediatrics. The survey results are based on the information gathered from the instrument, Scale of Attitudes toward Disabled persons (SADP), developed by Dr. Richard F. Antonak (1981). The SADP measures attitudes toward persons with disabilities as a group. Data was analyzed using the SPSS software. The results of SADP survey revealed that there was no significant relationship between age of the nurse and their attitude score toward disabled persons. Also, no significant difference was noted between senior BSN nursing student’s attitude score toward disabled persons and practicing pediatric RN’s attitude scores toward disabled persons. No significant difference was also found when comparing attitude scores of nurses who had an association with a disabled person and nurses who did not have an association with a disabled person.
The Figure in Painting: A Metaphysical Study
Authors:   , Finney Marsha
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this thesis has been to execute through painting media, using the figure as a universal point of reference, the essence of being: that is, the visible presence, and the reality of intangible forces which surround. The figure is used as a departure point to project beyond the canvas edge, the conception that the corporeal body is unreal and true reality lies in the transcendental spirit.
Taphonomic Evidence of Predation and Scavenging of Teleoceras (Mammalia: Rhinocerotidae), with a Description of the Camelidae from the Minium Quarry Local Biota of North-Central Kansas
Authors:   , LaGarry Hannan
Published: February 2023

Three species of camels were recovered from the early Hemphillian (Miocene) Minium Quarry local biota (Ogallala Group) of north-central Kansas. A small and large camel, Hemiauchenia vera Matthew and Megatylopus cf. M. gigas Matthew and Cook respectively, were identified by comparison to known taxa. A medium-sized camel is assigned to Procamelus based on measurements and biometric analysis of referred metapodials, and may represent a new species. It is the largest Procamelus yet described, and suggests that a phylogenetic relationship exists between Procamelus and Megatylopus. Procamelus can be distinguished from Alforjas, a medium-sized Neogene camelid that consistently exhibits overlap of biometric parameters with Procamelus, by differences in the angularity and shape of metapodial proximal articular facets, and in the osteology of the plantar process.
A Study of Slavery in Microcosm: Lamar County, Texas, 1850-1860
Authors:   , Meier Frederick
Published: February 2023

This thesis is an examination of the migration, agricultural production, and probability of success of slave-owners of Lamar County, Texas, in 1850 and 1860. The chief sources for the study are the various census schedules for the two enumerations. Migration of slave-owners into Lamar County contrasted with total white migration into both the entire eastern portion of the state of Texas and those counties which were immediate neighbors of Lamar County. Settlers from Tennessee in these areas outnumbered those from other states, but the percentage was not as great as in Lamar County. Slave-owners of Lamar County who owned more than fifteen slaves dominated agricultural production statistics. In terms of improved and unimproved acreage owned, livestock herds, and field crops, the major slave-owners produced a greater volume than other slave-owners or non-slave-owners. The major slave-owners also had an appreciable return on their investment in 1860. Their investment was comprised of the value of their farms and of their personal property. An average return of 7.24 percent was gained by those major slave-owners whose agricultural production was registered in the 1860 census. It was determined that these slave owners enjoyed a high probability of success and would have continued to prosper had not the Civil War ended the institution of slavery.
Characteristics and Perceived Burdens of Adult Caregivers of Aged Relatives
Authors:   , Koranda Mary
Published: February 2023

Over the past few decades there has been an increase in the population of the elderly persons 65 years of age and older, with the 85 and older age group having the greatest increase. This continued growth pattern is projected to continue through the years 2030 and 2050. Contributing factors for this population increase is the birthrate following the world war years and the longevity of life for the elderly by improved medical technology. The increase in the aged population has resulted in a need for caregivers of the aged persons, outside of institutions. Most often this role is assumed by a female relative, who is employed outside of the home, and has responsibilities to a spouse and children. Additional responsibilities the caregiver might assume are to grandchildren, elderly in-laws, or siblings. The home and social life of the caregiver are also commonly affected, adding burden and strain to the life of the caregiver. This has generated descriptive terms as \Women in the Middle\ and the \Sandwich Generation\. A sample of 38 caregivers to aged relatives, in western Kansas, completed the Koranda Inquiry form and the Burden Interview tool (Zarit. 1985). The Burden Interview instrument measured perceived burden and strain of caregivers, by indicating on the answers, 0 - 4 for the items. Selected items were designated on this instrument to identify Role Strain or Personal Strain. Research question one was to determine gender of primary caregivers. Findings of this study supported the literature that the majority of caregivers were female, and employed outside the home. The relationship of the caregiver, whether adult child or spouse, was not determined. Research questions two, three and four asked what burdens and strains were identified by the caregivers, and was there any significant relationship between any of the independent variables. A Pearson Correlation of Role Strain, Personal Strain, gender, age, employment outside the home was not significantly different to support increased strain of the new role, nor an increase of health or mental health problems for the caregivers. The caregivers did report that their home and social life were affected by the additional responsibilities but not significantly. These findings were in agreement with Folkman and Lazarus' (1980) Stress and Coping Model of Caregiving. The mediators of past coping strategies and the amount of social support do influence an individual’s appraisal of responsibilities assumed in caring for on aged relative. Future research will be enhanced by identifying caregivers of aged relatives prior to caregiving. Assistance in identifying areas for need of support and guidance would benefit the caregivers. Awareness of stressors that might arise would benefit caregiver’s appraisal and coping abilities.
A Roll-Call Analysis of the Voting Behavior of the Members of the Forty-Second Session of the Kansas House of Representatives Grouped According to Party and Degree of Urbanization
Authors:   , High Dwight
Published: February 2023

This thesis reports the results of a study of the voting behavior of the representatives who were members of the Kansas House of Representatives during the Forty-Second (1961) session, as recorded on selected roll-call votes. These roll-call votes were analyzed in terms of the party affiliation of the legislators and the types of constituencies represented defined in terms of the degree of urbanization of the respective representative's county. These two factors are not the only factors in a causal funnel of voting, but they are significant parts of the situational influences within which each legislator works.