bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimativa da prevalência oculta da hanseníase em município do interior do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Francisco Lara Lima , Da Silva Clinton Fábio Gomes , Paschoal Vania Del Arco , Nardi Susilene Maria Tonelli
Published: November 2019

Introdução: O diagnóstico da hanseníase no Brasil ainda é tardio, a maioria dos casos são multibacilares e considerável percentual de pacientes apresenta deficiências físicas, indicando haver casos não diagnosticados na população, ocasionando uma prevalência oculta. Objetivo: analisar a situação da hanseníase em município do interior do Estado de São Paulo perante a situação mundial, e calcular a prevalência oculta. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e epidemiológico, utilizando a metodologia proposta pela Organização Mundial da Saúde para verificar a prevalência oculta. Os dados foram coletados do Sistema de Informação de agravos de notificação de pacientes residentes no município e que iniciaram tratamento entre 01/01/2006 a 31/12/2016. Resultados: O Estado de São Paulo e o município mostraram uma diminuição de casos novos de hanseníase nos anos estudados. Enquanto o Brasil apresenta-se em declínio gradativo, o Estado apresenta discreta queda e o município alternância dos números. No município, foram notificados 295 casos de hanseníase, sendo 74 casos de formas paucibacilares e 221 casos multibacilares, com taxa de prevalência decrescente e a taxa de detecção oscilante entre o período. Do total de casos, em 271 foram avaliadas as incapacidades físicas e 141 foram classificados como graus 1 ou 2. Conforme a metodologia proposta, os números representam um acréscimo de 23,90/10.000 habitantes na prevalência oculta, o que resultaria em uma prevalência real de 378,73 casos/10.000 habitantes no período estudado. Conclusão: Os dados do município permanecem oscilantes diante dos dados nacionais e do Estado de São Paulo, apresentam alto índice de pessoas diagnosticadas com hanseníase com alguma incapacidade física, assim como casos multibacilares, e uma prevalência oculta de 23,90 casos por 10.000 habitantes.
Palavras chaves: Hanseníase; Epidemiologia; Saúde Pública; Controle.
Features of Psychological Choice in Volunteers Delivering Support to Children with Severe Developmental Disorders, Children with Cancer and Their Families
Authors: Tkacheva V.V. , Neklyukova M.B.
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to studying of the psychological reasons for the choice of voluntary support to children with severe developmental disorders. Authors offer a diagnostic program for studying the features of the psychological choice of volunteers delivering support to children with severe developmental disorders. During an empirical study, the tasks were set to determine and differentiate the characteristics of motivational attitudes and personality characteristics of volunteers. Further, a comparative analysis of the data carried out between groups of respondents delivering support to children with disabilities of different medical conditions, including those with the severe developmental disorders. Results of the study of the features of the psychological choice of volunteers working in the projects of the Charity Foundation “Podari zhisn”, the Deafblind Support Foundation “Con-nection”, the Orthodox Service “Miloserdie.ru”, helping children with severe developmental disorders, deafblind and children with cancer. 28 volunteers participated in the research. The analysis of motivational attitudes shows that during volunteering activities young people can show not only their altruistic qualities, but also satisfy one of the most important needs of personal self-development, experiencing spiritual satisfaction from the results of real help and activity compassion for people with disabilities.
The structure of ideas about yourself and others (according to a photographic image and a schematic image)
Authors: Besprozvannaya I.I. , Zhegallo A.V.
Published: November 2019

The participants in the study assessed themselves according to the “personal differential” questionnaire and also performed the evaluation of the other using photo images or graphic schemes. When performing a self-assessment and evaluation of another in a photo image, the three-factor structure described by the authors of the methodology is mainly reproduced: “assessment”, strength ”,“ activity ”. The structure of assessments of another according to the schematic image is substantially different from the classical one, which indicates the fundamental differences in the perception of individual — personal characteristics by the schematic person.
Individual differences in perception of similarity of facial images and characteristics of oculomotor activity
Authors: Samoylenko E.S. , Basul I.A.
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of the cross-cultural study with participation of representatives of Russian and Tuva nationalities. Individual differences in subjective evaluation of magnitude of similarity of images forming a transitional series between Mongoloid and Caucasoid faces were revealed. The individual differences occurred mainly in relation to the target pairs in which one or both images were borderline in the transitional series, and which did not consist of images between which there was a large morphing step. These differences were associated with the features of oculomotor activity recorded with the help of an eye tracker during the perception of test images. The most significant differences in the duration and variance of visual fixations were found for two borderline images in the transitional series. Among Tuvan and Russian participants, the greatest individual differences in subjective similarity ratings were found for the same test pairs of facial images. In relation to these test pairs, general, opposite and specific for the Tuva and Russian samples trends were identified regarding indicators of oculomotor activity. The results indicate the constructivist nature of subjective assessment of similarity magnitude, and the connection of this process with characteristics of oculomotor activity.
Comparative analysis of clinical and psychosocial characteristics of patients with different dynamics of cognitive functioning after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Eremina D.A. , Shchelkova O.Y.
Published: November 2019

Psychological aspects as compared to the technological part of direct myocardial revascularization and its consequences for cognitive functioning, which in turn affect the compliance and quality of life of patients, have not been enough studied yet. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to analyze the clinical and psychosocial characteristics of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with different dynamics of cognitive functions in the process of rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). A new method for the mathematical determination of cognitive dynamics, namely, the assessment of the improvement and deterioration of cognitive functioning after open-heart surgery was proposed. A total of 118 patients with coronary artery disease were examined. Among them there were 80.5% of men and 19.5% of women; mean age 59.86 ± 7.31 years. The study was conducted using the clinical-psychological method and the developed complex of patho- and neuropsychological methods for assessing various spheres of cognitive functioning. It was shown that patients with worse cognitive dynamics after CABG at the preoperative stage tend to have more frequent atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic arteries, a complication of the early postoperative period in the form of postpericardiotomy syndrome, as well as burdened heredity of cardiovascular diseases. At the same time, a shorter aortic clamping time and the duration of use of cardiopulmonary bypass was recorded during the surgery in patients with cognitive impairment. A comparative analysis of the psychosocial characteristics of patients indicates significant differences in understanding the causes of the development of the underlying cardiovascular disease and the consequences of CABG in patients of both groups studied: patients with impaired cognitive functioning have a lower treatment adherence (compliance), and they tend to evaluate the upcoming operation as a negative life event.
Improvement of diagnostic and surgical treatment of colon cancer complicated with perifocal inflammation in patients of the elderly and senile age
Authors: Glushkov Nikolay I. , Kabanov Maksim Yu. , Gorshenin Timofey L. , Sementsov Konstantin V. , Belikova Maria Ya. , Sizov Yuriy A. , Dulaeva Sabina K.
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the treatment of patients in older age groups with colon cancer complicated by perifocal inflammation. It is shown that the treatment modality for this category of patients depends largely on the severity of paracancrosis inflammation. A large number of postoperative complications and a high level of postoperative mortality accompany traditional operations performed for colon cancer complications. The introduction of laparoscopic technology allows improving the treatment results in patients of elderly and senile age.
Shallow Structure of the Longmen Shan Fault Zone from a High-Density, Short-Period Seismic Array
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Li Hongyi , Huang Yafen , Liu Min , Guan Yong , Su Jinrong , Wang Tongli
Published: November 2019

The Longmen Shan fault zone that was shocked by the 12 May 2008 M 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake acts as the boundary between the western edge of the Sichuan basin and the steep eastern margin of the Songpan-Ganze block. In this study, continuous seismic data recorded by 176 temporary short-period seismic stations between 22 October and 20 November 2017 are used to study the shallow crustal structure of the Longmen Shan fault zone by applying ambient-noise tomography and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) analysis. From ambient-noise analysis, fundamental-mode Rayleigh-wave dispersion curves between 0.25 and 1 Hz are extracted. Then, the direct surface-wave tomographic method is used to invert surface-wave dispersion data for the 3D shallow shear-wave velocity structure. Our results show that low shear-wave velocities are mainly distributed around the surface rupture trace of the Wenchuan earthquake at least down to 2 km. From the HVSR method, the sites are sorted into two types according to the pattern of HVSR curves with single peak or double peak. By converting frequency to depth, the results show that the sediments are thicker near the surface rupture. The low-velocity zone based on ambient-noise tomography agrees well with the distribution of sedimentary cover estimated from HVSR, which are generally consistent with geological information. Our results provide high-resolution shallow crustal velocity structure for future detailed studies of the Longmen Shan fault.
Evaluation and potential use of native forest species in the recovery of a legal reserve in the Western Amazon
Authors: Volpato Sccoti Marta Silvana , De Jesus Mirian Gusmão , Possimoser Dalvan , Biazatti Scheila Cristina , Brito Junior João Fideles
Published: November 2019

The Brazilian Amazon, which has been heavily devastated by exploratory processes and human occupation, has great value in terms of forest resources. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of native forest species to constitute productive agroforestry systems that can be set up in areas of legal reserve. A floristic/phytosociological survey was carried out of tree individuals with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥10 cm in 12 plots of 50 x 100 m (0.5 ha). From the data, species with a density of greater than three trees ha-1 were selected, and evaluated for use and ecological group. A total of 180 species distributed in 40 botanical families were identified, of which only 23 species presented an absolute density (AD) ≥3 trees ha-1, indicating that the occurrence of most species in the area is rare. Species such as Copaifera multijuga, Dinizia excelsa, Peltogyne paniculata, Tachigali chrysophylla, Dipteryx odorata, Bertholletia excelsa and Hevea brasiliensis are used commercially and may be indicated for production systems. As a result, native Amazonian forest species have great potential for use in recovery programs, promoting the recovery of local biodiversity and the development of small rural properties. However, it is necessary to invest in research and the development of public policy to support such initiatives.
Uwarunkowania i trudności kształcenia zawodowego więźniów w Polsce
Authors: Mydłowska Beata
Published: November 2019

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy uwarunkowań i trudności kształcenia zawodowego osób osadzonych/więźniów w Polsce. Skoncentrowano się na takich kwestiach, jak uwarunkowania kształcenia zawodowego, podstawy prawne kształcenia zawodowego więźniów, możliwości kształcenia zawodowego przewidziane dla więźniów, a także warunki kształcenia zawodowego przewidziane dla więźniów oraz trudności w kształceniu zawodowym więźniów. Kształcenie zawodowe osób osadzonych jest w Polsce niezwykle ważną kwestią, dotyczącą zagadnienia ogólnego kształcenia zawodowego. Wsparcie w pozytywnej readaptacji zawodowej osób osadzonych to istotny temat, który skłania do dyskusji społecznej, czy na pewno w tym zakresie nie ma żadnych trudności, na które mogą natrafić więźniowie. Wszystkie organizacje, które świadczą pomoc w kwestii osób wykluczonych społecznie (także tych zagrożonych), czyli również osób osadzonych, wykonują wiele zadań, które mają na celu wsparcie tych osób w odniesieniu sukcesu w obszarze zawodowym. Cały ogólny system pomocy więźniom tworzą: kuratorzy, Służba Więzienna, różne instytucje pomocy społecznej.
Wykluczenie społeczne przestępców standardem kulturowo-normatywnym zdehumanizowanej władzy karania
Authors: Bałandynowicz Andrzej
Published: November 2019

Proces obiektywnego wykreślania znaczenia pojęć-symboli odgrywa istotną rolę w edukacji, uczeniu, wychowaniu i powszechnej socjalizacji człowieka. Jest terenem zmagań transkulturowych, które powinny zmierzać do obnażenia całkowitej prawdy o człowieku, rozpoznawania jego miejsca w historii świata. Świadome wybory, oparte na wolnej woli i wolności wewnętrznej, pozwalają osobie eliminować socjalizację i wychowanie opierające się na założeniach postantropologicznych, a rozwijać dialog wewnętrzny sublimujący dynamizmy rozwojowe. Przedstawiciele instytucjonalnego porządku kulturowego, interpretując fakty i zjawiska społeczne, w tym przykładowo organizując proces sprawiedliwości karzącej wobec wykluczonych jako sprawców zachowań degeneratywnych, dopuszczają się świadomego wyboru wartości, norm i zasad postępowania oraz systemów odpowiedzialności penalnej dla wszystkich osób wchodzących w konflikt z prawem karnym. Minimalizowanie izolacji wewnętrznej w celu zracjonalizowania karania w stronę cywilizacyjno-kulturowych rozwiązań powinno odbywać się nie przez mechaniczne i symplicystyczne narzucanie wzorów, ale poprzez rzeczowe powiększanie zakresu samokontroli zachowania się skazanych wobec innych osób oraz zachowania się w grupach.
Sorbents Based on the Phosphates and Complex Oxides of Titanium(IV) for Decontamination of Liquid Radioactive Waste
Authors: Korneikov R.I. , Ivanenko V.I. , Vladimirova S.V. , Zharov N.V.
Published: November 2019

The prospects of using of sorbents based on oxohydroxophosphate titanium(IV) to extract 134 Cs,137Cs and 90Sr from solutions close in composition to sea water have shown. The optimal conditions for the use of sorbents providing effective joint extraction of 134,137Cs and 90Sr in the presence of background macro components were determined. Modification of sorbents improves their sorption properties. It was established that the titanate ion exchangers are of interest for selective extraction of 90Sr. Optimum conditions of their application was defined. Heat treatment of waste sorbents provides reliable immobilization of radioactive sorbate. The titanium ortophosphate sorbents was tested for decontamination of liquid radioactive waste. The efficiency of their use is shown.
The Use of Environmentally Friendly Vertical-Axis Wind Power Plants for Nature Reserves and National Parks in Southern Russia
Authors: Shishkin N.D. , Ilyin R.A. , Atdaev D.I.
Published: November 2019

The efficiency of using original highly efficient vertical-axis wind turbines (VA wind turbines) based on N-Darya-Savonius combined rotors (KR) is substantiated for the national parks of southern Russia. Based on experimental studies, the power factor of the original combined rotor with blades having zigzag flaps was first obtained. The maximum values of the power factor of the CR reaches CP = 0.6 exceeding theoretically possible values for horizontal-axis wind power plants CP = 0.59. When working in a wind turbine, there are no emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, oxygen consumption, thermal pollution, generation of infrasound and noise. VA wind turbines with a power of 1–10 kW, it is advisable to apply for the generation of electric and thermal energy in reserves and national parks.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Separate Collection of PET Bottles Using Street Container-Baskets.
Authors: Polygalov S.V. , Il’inykh G.V. , Korotaev V.N. , Stanisavlevich Nemanja
Published: November 2019

The efficiency of separate waste collection using street container-baskets for used bottles of polyethylene terephthalate (PET bottles) has been evaluated. The proportion of foreign objects in the flow of plastic bottles was determined and the composition of components mistakenly placed in the container was analyzed, which allows us to judge how the population relates to such systems and how effective the outreach is. The target stream of PET bottles was sorted by volume and color. The results obtained make it possible to evaluate the most popular type of PET bottles by size and color, which can be used to assess the possibilities of improving the collection system and technologies for further processing the resulting stream of PET bottles.
Features of the Structure Formation of Silicate Bricks Obtained with the Use of Solid Waste Produced by JSC "Berezniki Soda Plant"
Authors: Leontev S.V. , Shamanov V.A. , Kurzanov A.D.
Published: November 2019

The results of studying the structure formation features of silicate bricks obtained with the use of solid waste produced by JSC "Berezniki soda plant" are presented in this article. Various samples, such as sludge from the "closed" sump with a moisture content of 5 %, sludge from the open sump surface with a moisture content of 35 %, moistened sludge from the open sump with a moisture content of 70 %, were taken from the sludge collectors for the research. It was established the building lime meeting the requirements of GOST 9179 can be received by means of heat treatment at 950 °C of the dehydrated slime selected from the closed settler. By results of silicate brick samples forming parameters and their structure optimization it was found that the use of lime from soda production solid waste as part of lime-silica autoclave hardening binder allows to obtain silicate bricks samples, characterized by the strength grade M200. Samples microstructure studies obtained using the methods of electron microscopic and x-ray phase analysis showed that silicate samples produced with the use of soda production waste are characterized by a cementing substance heterogeneous structure and an insufficient number of tobermorite group low-basic calcium hydrosilicates formed during autoclaving. This is due to the waste material composition, namely the presence of reactive-passive components and impurities. Increasing the structural strength of samples made with the use of soda production wastes is possible due to raising the lime-silica binder specific surface area and the binder modification with fine mineral additives.
Assessment and selection of source material for creating melon hybrids with integrated resistance to anthracnose and powdery mildew
Authors: Varivoda Olga P. , Maslennikova Ekaterina S.
Published: November 2019

Relevance. Melon as melon culture is cultivated in many countries of the world and is highly valued for its nutritional and dietary qualities. However, exposure to fungal diseases dramatically reduces the yield and taste of melons. Melon is affected mainly by powdery mildew and Anthracnose. In the conditions of the Bykovskaya melon breeding experimental station, the predominant type of powdery mildew is Sphaerotheca fuliginea. Evaluation and selection of the starting material with the identification of samples with complex resistance to these diseases is an important direction in the selection process, allowing to solve the problem of improving production efficiency and product quality.

Methods. The aim of this work is to obtain melon varieties and hybrids with complex resistance to powdery mildew and Anthracnose. Complex stability was determined by artificial infection of melon plants in the phase of 2-3 real leaves by conventional methods.

Results. 8 varieties and 10 F 1 hybrids of melon were studied for complex resistance to artificial Anthracnose and powdery mildew infection. Standard grade melon autumn was amazed powdery mildew of 81.2% with score lesion of 1.8 by Anthracnose, respectively, 93.8 per cent if the score is 2.3. The resulting hybrids were superior in stability to the standard. Hybrid x Ethiopian Farmer was amazed powdery mildew on 44% with score of 1.4. The prevalence of hybrid Original x Autumn was 54.4% powdery mildew with a score of 1.4, Anthracnose – 75% with a score of 1.8 (average for three years). The hybrid is fulfilled on economically valuable signs, has stable productivity of 17.5 t/ha, the content of dry substances in fruit juice to 17.2%. The samples and promising hybrids obtained with complex stability will be used in further breeding work.
The results of the comparative evaluation of samples of oat (A. sativa L., A. byzantine C. Koch) for resistance to lodging, yield and adaptability in central Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Vargach Julia I.
Published: November 2019

Relevance. Each sample is characterized by a number of biological features, due to the recombination of genetic material in the process of its selection. These features are manifested in the reaction of plants to soil-climatic and technological conditions, expressed in the change of the elements of the yield structure and indicators of the level of adaptability of plants to growing conditions, as well as resistance to lodging. New samples have little-known properties that need to be studied and compared in specific soil and climatic conditions, to assess them in order to decide on the possibility of their zoning or culling. The main indicators characterizing the level of agricultural production are productivity, resistance to lodging, since the shortage of grain as a result of lodging of cereals can reach 15-40%. The introduction of new high-yielding varieties on the basis of their testing and the use of the most effective technological methods of cultivation on crops will allow to receive a significant gross harvest.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out in 2016-2018 to assess models of cultural hexaploid species of oats hulled and naked forms of resistance to lodging, yield and adaptability in the temperate continental climate of Central non-Chernozem zone. Resistance to lodging, yield variability, indices of environmental conditions and adaptability were determined. The main method of evaluation of the field resistance to lodging – visual (in points) that allows you to rank the varieties based on this characteristic. We were calculated potential productivity and adaptability of varieties by method L. A. Zhivotkov et al. [1], an indicator of the stability level of the sample yield (Puss) by the method of E. D. Nettevich et al. [2].

Results. Many varieties showed good plasticity and high productivity potential. The best in resistance to lodging, yield and adaptability among the hulled forms were varieties Sig, Mirt, Poseidon, Belinda, Rajtar, and the naked forms – Becas, Vyatsky, Korolek.
Production of Doubled Haploids in cucumber
Authors: Domblides Elena A. , Belov Sergey N. , Soldatenko Alexey V. , Pivovarov Victor F.
Published: November 2019

Implementation of cell technologies has essentially improved the plant breeding process in agricultural crops in the world. The production of pure lines in cultivated crops, particularly among cross-pollinated species such as cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.) requires much time, labor and expense. Thus, the use of DH-plants for production of fully homozygous lines for one year becomes a very promising method for near cucumber breeding program. The major factor limiting the wide use of DH is a lack of effective protocol for large-scale plant production. In this review the historical facts with description of three main methods of DH-plant production were presented. By now these three methods have been such as parthenogenesisin situinduced by pollination with irradiated or chemically treated pollen; androgenesisin vitroincluding anther and isolated microspore cultivationin vitro; gynogenesis through ovule cultivationin vitro. Comparative analysis of published data with regard to the efficiency of the technology for DH-plant production was shown as well as advantages and limitations of each technology were described.
New varieties of vegetable cowpea (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc.) and prospects of their cultivation in southern Russia
Authors: Burlyaeva Marina O. , Gurkina Mariya V. , Chebukin Pavel A. , Perchuk Irina N. , Miroshnichenko Elena V.
Published: November 2019

Relevance. Currently, there is an interest in this country in vegetable varieties of Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc. However, a small number of varieties adapted to different cultivation conditions prevents a wider distribution of this crop. The present work was aimed at creating new vegetable cowpea varieties adapted to the climatic conditions of southern regions of Russia.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out in 1998-2018 in the Astrakhan Province (Astrakhan Experiment Station) and in 2012-2018 in Primorsky Territory (Far East Experiment Station). Vegetable cowpea accessions from the global VIR collection were studied.

Results. Many years of breeding have resulted in creation of such varieties as ‘Astrakhanskaya krasavitsa’, ‘Kaspiyskaya zarya’, ‘Zhemchyuzhina Kaspiya’ and ‘Lyanchihe’, which were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2019. All varieties are characterized by earliness, high productivity, excellent quality of vegetable pods, high protein content in pods in the technical ripeness phase (29.5-33.5%), and by low demand to the soil fertility. ‘Zhemchyuzhina Kaspiya’, ‘Astrakhanskaya krasavitsa’ and ‘Kaspiyskaya zarya’ are tolerant to high temperatures, air drought and soil salinity. The growing season for these varieties lasts 62-68 days in the Astrakhan Province under irrigation, while technical ripeness of pods occurs in 46-50 days. The green pod yield is 16.1–28.2 t/ha and the seed yield is 1.91-2.71 t/ha. The ‘Lyanchihe’ variety tolerates humidity well; its growing season in southern Primorsky Territory is 97-110 days, and pods reach technical ripeness in 61-70 days. The green pod yield is 21.0-24.0 t/ha, and that of seeds is 2.38-2.64 t/ha. The released varieties will broaden the range of vegetable crops cultivated in this country and improve the quality of nutrition of the population.
Yield of cabbage depending on the irrigation regime in the foothill subprovince of Dagestan
Authors: Hasayeva Zarema M.
Published: November 2019

Relevance. The main producers of cabbage in Dagestan are personal subsidiary farms of the Mountain subprovince. An additional reserve of production is the Foothill subprovince (in particular buinak district), soil and climatic conditions which are favorable for growing cabbage. In this regard, studies aimed at studying the adaptive potential of cabbage varieties in this subprovince are relevant.

Material and methods. The aim of the work is to develop elements of technology for growing varieties of cabbage in relation to the Foothill sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan. The results of three-year studies on the adaptive potential of cabbage varieties in irrigation conditions of the Foothill sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan are presented.

Results. As a result of the conducted researches it is revealed that the variety Nadezhda has formed the greatest productivity on all variants on a mode of irrigation. Quite high data are also noted in the variety Samur 2. Comparative analysis of variants of the experiment the total water consumption showed that, on average, for the studied varieties of cabbage most economical use observed in the irrigation regime providing for irrigation when pre-irrigation moisture threshold 75-85-75% NV. On average, the studied varieties and hybrids of cabbage, the most economical expenditure was observed in the irrigation regime, which provides for the appointment of watering at the pre-watering threshold 7585-75% NV. Compared with the first option (70-80-70% NV) saving irrigation water was 150 m3/ha, and compared with the third option (80-90-80% NV) – 178 m3/ha. On the same option was formed quite high productivity of varieties of cabbage.
The allocation of carbohydrates from vegetable raw materials and their identification with the use of capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Biryulin Stanislav I. , Posokina Nataliya E. , Trishkaneva Marina V.
Published: November 2019

Relevance. Carbohydrates are integral components of the cells and tissues of all living organisms of the plant and animal world; they are important components of the plant cell walls, as well as the extracellular matrix of animal and human tissues. The type of monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides determines their biological functions for the organism. However, it is difficult to establish the relationship between the structure of the carbohydrate molecule and its biological function.

Methods. In this article, the author provides an overview of methods for identifying the monosaccharide composition of plant polymers by capillary electrophoresis, in order to optimize the sample preparation procedure and the conditions of analysis. A scheme for the stepwise release of polysaccharides from raw materials is given: the isolation of soluble monosaccharides and polysaccharides, the extraction of the pectin fraction, the extraction of cellulose and hemicelluloses, in order to study the composition of each fraction. A procedure for acid hydrolysis of polymers to monosaccharides using oxidizing agents such as sulfuric and trifluoroacetic acid is described. In the final part of the article, three different schemes for the identification of the monosaccharide composition were analyzed, namely, separation of the components under strongly alkaline conditions, preliminary derivatization with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, preliminary preparation of (S) (-) α-methylbenzylamine S-PEA) derivatives.

Results or Findings. An analysis of the literature shows that the composition of polysaccharides is widely studied by various methods. At the same time, a number of problems remain associated with the implementation of these methods in terms of sample preparation and identification of all monosaccharides characteristic of the studied raw materials. The method of capillary electrophoresis can solve some of these problems; however, little has been studied. The study of carbohydrates in plant objects begins with the procedure for extracting carbohydrates (polysaccharides and monosaccharides) from the plant matrix, hydrolysis of polysaccharides, and subsequent identification using the CE method. The optimization of this scheme of the CE method for determining the composition of polysaccharides is an urgent scientific task.
O aprimoramento do ensino jurídico para a orientação de uma prática judicial racional no Brasil
Authors: Gabrich Frederico De Andrade , Mosci Tiago Lopes
Published: November 2019

O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a racionalidade da prática judicial brasileira e sua correlação com: (i) o ensino jurídico e (ii) o conhecimento científico vigente acerca do Direito. O argumento central é o de que a mudança no modelo mental predominante no ensino jurídico brasileiro e das suas principais metodologias, acompanhada de uma revisão dos pressupostos científicos do Direito, são condições indispensáveis para uma prática jurídica mais adequada às exigências de fundamentação dos Estados Democráticos de Direito. No presente artigo, as metodologias construtivistas e construcionistas, com destaque para o método Problem Based Learning – PBL, foram apresentadas como alternativas adequadas para o aprimoramento do ensino jurídico e, consequentemente, da prática judicial. Utilizou-se o método dedutivo e adotou-se como referenciais teóricos as proposições de Piaget e Gabrich.
O Papel do Sistema Nacional de Seguros Privados na Ordem Econômica
Authors: Poletto Gladimir Adriani , Gonçalves Oksandro Osdival
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho analisa o papel do Sistema Nacional de Seguros Privados (SNSP) na ordem econômica sob a perspectiva da regulação, questionando o porquê de ser necessário regular o mercado de seguros nacional. Identificaram-se, a partir daí as premissas pelas quais a regulação é necessária, ou seja, para assegurar: i) a higidez econômico-financeira da Instituição Seguro; ii) a proteção ao consumidor; iii) a livre concorrência; e iv) a cooperação dos seguradores. A partir do método dedutivo, o estudo observa, também, a composição do SNSP e o papel dos entes da Administração que possuem a função de fixar as diretrizes e executá-las, de modo a regular e fiscalizar a atividade de seguros no Brasil. Por fim, foram avaliados alguns dos efeitos da regulação na ordem econômica, observando-se os seus princípios de funcionamento e os princípios-fins previstos na Constituição Federal de 1988.
O Supremo Tribunal Federal: composição, organização e competências
Authors: Amaral Júnior José Levi Mello do
Published: November 2019

O ensaio examina como é o Supremo Tribunal Federal e como ele poderia ser relativamente às respectivas composição, organização e competências. Comenta aspectos históricos do Tribunal, avalia o volume de processos por ele decididos, cogita mecanismos para enfrentamento desse volume etc. Sugere que: (i) a ampliação da maioria para aprovação dos indicados à Corte; combinada com (ii) a adoção de mandatos para os respectivos membros; bem assim (iii) a possibilidade ampla de o Tribunal escolher julgar apenas alguns processos, e não outros tantos, seriam modificações a considerar para aperfeiçoar a Corte. Recorre, em especial, a dados e a exemplos das literaturas brasileira, americana e italiana. Afirma, em conclusão, a importância de o Tribunal adotar postura de profunda humildade frente à Constituição e à democracia, com rigoroso respeito à lógica da organização dos poderes.
Mediación en familias migrantes en atención a la diversidad cultural en el Chile de hoy
Authors: Valdebenito Larenas Caterine , Munuera Gómez Pilar , Donoso Norambuena Pamela
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo describe las particularidades que pueden desarrollar las estrategias contempladas en una política pública de resolución de conflictos para familias migrantes cuando se utiliza la mediación para conseguir el respeto a la diversidad en el marco legal como es el caso de Chile para dar respuesta a la sociedad compleja del siglo XXI. Para ello, describe la situación actual de las familias migrantes con las problemáticas que enfrentan en la gestión de sus conflictos en el sistema de justicia chileno, avanzando en la generación de algunos lineamientos implementados en el sistema privado, que pueden constituirse en facilitadores para el acceso a justicia.
Inscripción del matrimonio en el Registro Civil español y derecho internacional privado
Authors: Carrascosa González Javier
Published: November 2019

El matrimonio es un acto jurídico de gran importancia jurídica por los numerosos y relevantes efectos que produce. Está sometido a una forma rigurosa. En ocasiones, también existe la obligación o el deber de proceder a su inscripción en un Registro Civil. Este trabajo examina los requisitos de acceso de un matrimonio al Registro Civil español en casos con elementos extranjeros. Se examina también el método seguido por el legislador español para evaluar la validez de matrimonios celebrados ante autoridades extranjeras.
Caravanas de migrantes y refugiados en México
Authors: Islas Colín Alfredo
Published: November 2019

Se estudian las caravanas de migrantes y refugiados en México provenientes del norte de Centroamérica del preiodo octubre de 2018 al mes de abril de 2019. En el presente análisis se estudió la situación de los derechos humanos en Honduras como en México en el primero porque el flujo migratorio provienen de Honduras y el segundo porque explica la concentración de migrantes para protegerse de las violaciones de derechos humanos durante su tránsito por México. Asimismo se analiza las características de las caravanas migratorias y los programas de retorno a su país de origen.
La doctrina de la SCJN con relación a las parejas estables en México
Authors: Priego Custodio Claudia Marcela
Published: November 2019

El presente trabajo analiza los fundamentos, razonamientos y consideraciones del más alto tribunal en México con relación a las parejas estables. Las resoluciones dictadas en este tema han originado que parejas que no constituyen concubinatos o matrimonios, tengan derecho a reclamar alimentos, aun cuando las normas en materia civil no reconocen tal situación.

Este análisis fue hecho a partir del método de realismo jurídico y dividido en dos grandes apartados: el primero donde se menciona el origen internacional del derecho a los alimentos para descender hasta la legislación nacional y concluir con datos estadísticos que revelan la importancia de la discusión sostenida por los tribunales mexicanos. En un segundo apartado se incluyen las consideraciones expuestas por los jueces por las que justifican su postura y la protección que otorgan a las parejas estables, concluyendo con el estudio de las consecuencias de dicho criterio.
Derecho del migrante a un trabajo decente en México
Authors: Cornelio Landero Egla
Published: November 2019

El derecho de los trabajadores migrantes a un empleo decente en México, se encuentra plenamente reconocido en diversos instrumentos internacionales y en el derecho interno, de modo, que no importa la condición migratoria que tengan, pues, el derecho de igualdad y no discriminación son un derecho humano de ius cogens. Trabajador es la persona física que presta un trabajo personal subordinado a otra persona física o moral, en tanto que, el trabajo es un derecho y un deber social, debe efectuarse en condiciones que aseguren la vida digna y la salud de quien lo presta y sus familiares dependientes. Por consiguiente, la condición migratoria de la persona no lo debe limitar a que tengan acceso a un trabajo decente; libre de  discriminación por origen étnico o nacional, género, edad, discapacidad, condición social, con acceso a la seguridad social y un salario remunerador, y se cuenta con condiciones óptimas de seguridad e higiene para prevenir riesgos de trabajo.
Designing Strategic Games With Preestablished Nash Equilibrium Through Artificial Inference and Global Learning
Authors: Oliveira Jr. Hime A. e
Published: November 2019

This work presents significant results obtained by the application of global optimization techniques to the design of finite, normal form games with mixed strategies. To that end, the Fuzzy ASA global optimization method is applied to several design examples of strategic games, demonstrating its effectiveness in obtaining payoff functions whose corresponding games present a previously established Nash equilibrium. In other words, the game designer becomes able to choose a convenient Nash equilibrium for a generic finite state strategic game and the proposed method computes payoff functions that will realize the desired equilibrium, making it possible for the players to reach the favorable conditions represented by the chosen equilibrium. Considering that game theory is a very significant approach for modeling interactions between competing agents, and Nash equilibrium represents a powerful solution concept, portraying situations in which joint strategies are optimal in the sense that players cannot benefit from individually modifying their current strategies provided that other players do not change their strategies as well, it is natural to infer that the proposed method may be very useful for strategists in general. In summary, it is a genuine instance of artificial inference of payoff functions after a process of global machine learning, applied to their numerical components.
Inside-Out: From Endosomes to Extracellular Vesicles in Fungal RNA Transport
Authors: Kwon Seomun , Tisserant Constance , Tulinski Markus , Weiberg Arne , Feldbrügge Michael
Published: November 2019

Membrane-coupled RNA transport is an emerging theme in fungal biology. This review focuses on the RNA cargo and mechanistic details of transport via two inter-related sets of organelles: endosomes and extracellular vesicles for intra- and intercellular RNA transfer. Simultaneous transport and translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) on the surface of shuttling endosomes is a conserved process pertinent to highly polarised eukaryotic cells, such as hyphae or neurons. Here we detail the endosomal mRNA transport machinery components and mRNA targets of the core RNA-binding protein Rrm4. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are newly garnering interest as mediators of intercellular communication, especially between pathogenic fungi and their hosts. Landmark studies in plant-fungus interactions indicate EVs as a means of delivering various cargos, most notably small RNAs (sRNAs), for cross-kingdom RNA interference. Recent advances and implications of the nascent field of fungal EVs are discussed and potential links between endosomal and EV-mediated RNA transport are proposed.
Discontinuous Boundary Elements for Fluid Flow Problems in Discrete Fracture Networks
Authors: Wang Bin , Feng Yin , Zhou Xu , Pieraccini Sandra , Scialò Stefano , Fidelibus Corrado
Published: November 2019

Modeling fluid flow in three-dimensional (3D) Discrete Fracture Networks (DFNs) is of relevance in many engineering applications, such as hydraulic fracturing, oil/gas production, geothermal energy extraction, nuclear waste disposal and CO2 sequestration. A new Boundary Element Method (BEM) technique with discontinuous quadratic elements and a parallel Domain Decomposition Method (DDM) is presented herein for the simulation of the steady-state fluid flow in 3D DFN systems with wellbores, consisting of planar fractures having arbitrary properties and wellbore trajectories. Numerical examples characterized by DFNs of increasing complexity are investigated to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the presented technique. The results show that accurate solutions can be obtained with less nodes than with mesh-based methods (e.g. Finite Element Method). In addition, the DDM algorithm used provides a quite fast convergence. The simulation results of the fluid flow around intersections among traces (linear intersections between fractures), intersections between traces and a fracture boundaries, and wellbore intersections is accurate. Source code is available at : https://github.com/BinWang0213/PyDFN3D.
Chemical Constituents, Antimicrobial Activity and Food Preservative Characteristics of Aloe vera Gel
Authors: Kahramanoğlu İbrahim , Chen Chuying , Chen Jinyin , Wan Chunpeng
Published: November 2019

Edible coating gels developed from the Aloe vera plant have been used as a traditional medicine for about 3000 years. Aloe vera contains 110 potentially active constituents from six different classes: chromone and its glycoside derivatives; anthraquinone and its glycoside derivatives; flavonoids; phenylpropanoids and coumarins; phenylpyrone and phenol derivatives; and phytosterols and others. Apart from medicinal uses, Aloe gels have an important role in food preservation as edible coatings. They provide an edible barrier for atmospheric gases and moisture, and help to reduce the respiration and transpiration of fresh produce, which helps to preserve its postharvest quality. To date, numerous studies have been conducted on the postharvest use of Aloe vera gel. The present review article summarizes and discusses existing available information about the chemical constituents, antimicrobial activity, and food preservative characteristics of Aloe vera.
Barrage Text Classification with Improved Active Learning and CNN
Authors: Qiu Ningjia ,   School of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology No.7186 Weixing Road, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China, Cong Lin , Zhou Sicheng , Wang Peng
Published: November 2019

Traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) use a pooling layer to reduce the dimensionality of texts, but lose semantic information. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a convolutional neural network model based on singular value decomposition algorithm (SVD-CNN). First, an improved density-based center point clustering active learning sampling algorithm (DBC-AL) is used to obtain a high-quality training set at a low labelling cost. Second, the method uses the singular value decomposition algorithm for feature extraction and dimensionality reduction instead of a pooling layer, fuses the dimensionality reduction matrix, and completes the barrage text classification task. Finally, the partial sampling gradient descent algorithm (PSGD) is applied to optimize the model parameters, which accelerates the convergence speed of the model while ensuring stability of the model training. To verify the effectiveness of the improved algorithm, several barrage datasets were used to compare the proposed model and common text classification models. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm preserves the semantic features of the text more successfully, ensures the stability of the training process, and improves the convergence speed of the model. Further, the model’s classification performance on different barrage texts is superior to traditional algorithms.
A Novel Growth Evaluation System for Tobacco Planting Based on Image Classification
Authors: Xiong Yonghua , Yu Shuangqing ,   School of Automation, China University of Geosciences No.388 Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems No.388 Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
Published: November 2019

A novel growth evaluation system for tobacco planting (GESTP) based on a B/S architecture is introduced in this paper. It mainly consists of three parts: a mobile application (mobile app), a browser terminal and a server terminal. The GESTP system is used to evaluate the growth of tobacco and give farmers planting guidance instead them having to rely on personal judgment. Once the photos of the tobacco leaf and plant are uploaded to the web server via the mobile app or the browser terminal, the application program of the server terminal is called to process the tobacco images with image processing algorithms. The results including the grade of the tobacco growth and planting guidance will be provided to the client within a 2-second timeframe, which greatly help farmers understand the growth of tobacco and take planting measures. The running result indicates that the GESTP system provides an effective and straightforward way to evaluate the growth of tobacco and provides cultivation guidance to tobacco farmers.