bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lithothamnium Effects on Soil Attributes, Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency, and Grain Yield of Soybeans, Corn, and Common Bean
Authors: Nascente Adriano Stephan , Cobucci Tarcísio , Goes de Araujo Marco Antonio
Published: July 2024

Lithothamnium is a source of organic origin fertilizer that can be used to improve soil biochemical conditions and the initial development of plants and grain yield. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Lithothamnium on initial soil chemical attributes and its effects on phosphorus (P) release (PUE—plant phosphorus use efficiency) and yield of soybean, corn, and common beans. Three experiments were conducted from 2020 to 2023 in a randomized block design with six replications. (1) Under greenhouse conditions, in the factorial scheme, with four doses of Lithothamnium with and without P, (2) under field conditions, in the factorial scheme with five calcium (Ca) doses × three sources of Ca, and (3) also, under field conditions, with a combination of four doses of Lithothamnium and four doses of P. The results of the experiment under greenhouse conditions showed that the increase in Lithothamnium doses provided to the soil a reduction in active and potential acidity very quickly (30 days) with a direct effect on the increase in clay activity (more negative charges). Besides, it increased the level of P and Ca in the soil and improved the amount of P and Ca absorbed by the soybean plants. Therefore, it showed the great efficiency of Lithothamnium in releasing P (from 13 to 30 ppm of P when increasing Lithothamnium rates). In the second experiment, it was concluded that Ca from Lithothamnium was the most efficient source for the initial chemical conditions in the furrow and that it provided significant increments in grain yield and P and Ca contents in the petiole of soybean plants. After these results, six field experiments showed significant increases in the efficiency of PUE in common bean, soybean, and corn crops (63% on average). Lithothamnium has become an indispensable technology to provide greater productive efficiency for crops.
Supplementary Materials S1 from BRD9 Degradation Disrupts Ribosome Biogenesis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kurata Keiji , Samur Mehmet K. , Liow Priscilla , Wen Kenneth , Yamamoto Leona , Liu Jiye , Morelli Eugenio , Gulla Annamaria , Tai Yu-Tzu , Qi Jun , Hideshima Teru , Anderson Kenneth C.
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Materials
Supplementary Figure S3 from BRD9 Degradation Disrupts Ribosome Biogenesis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kurata Keiji , Samur Mehmet K. , Liow Priscilla , Wen Kenneth , Yamamoto Leona , Liu Jiye , Morelli Eugenio , Gulla Annamaria , Tai Yu-Tzu , Qi Jun , Hideshima Teru , Anderson Kenneth C.
Published: July 2024

BRD9 depletion downregulates expression of ribosome biogenesis genes.
Supplementary Data S3 from BRD9 Degradation Disrupts Ribosome Biogenesis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kurata Keiji , Samur Mehmet K. , Liow Priscilla , Wen Kenneth , Yamamoto Leona , Liu Jiye , Morelli Eugenio , Gulla Annamaria , Tai Yu-Tzu , Qi Jun , Hideshima Teru , Anderson Kenneth C.
Published: July 2024

GSEA_RNAseq (GOBP)
Supplementary Data S2 from BRD9 Degradation Disrupts Ribosome Biogenesis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kurata Keiji , Samur Mehmet K. , Liow Priscilla , Wen Kenneth , Yamamoto Leona , Liu Jiye , Morelli Eugenio , Gulla Annamaria , Tai Yu-Tzu , Qi Jun , Hideshima Teru , Anderson Kenneth C.
Published: July 2024

DifferentialExpression_RNAseq
Supplemental Table S1 from BRD9 Degradation Disrupts Ribosome Biogenesis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kurata Keiji , Samur Mehmet K. , Liow Priscilla , Wen Kenneth , Yamamoto Leona , Liu Jiye , Morelli Eugenio , Gulla Annamaria , Tai Yu-Tzu , Qi Jun , Hideshima Teru , Anderson Kenneth C.
Published: July 2024

Univariate and multivariate analysis of BRD9 expression
Supplementary Math Models from Phenotypic Models of CAR T-Cell Activation Elucidate the Pivotal Regulatory Role of CAR Downmodulation
Authors: Greenman Raanan , Pizem Yoav , Haus-Cohen Maya , Horev Guy , Denkberg Galit , Shen-Orr Shai , Rubinstein Jacob , Reiter Yoram
Published: July 2024

Supplementary information - mathematical models
Supplementary Data Tables from Phenotypic Models of CAR T-Cell Activation Elucidate the Pivotal Regulatory Role of CAR Downmodulation
Authors: Greenman Raanan , Pizem Yoav , Haus-Cohen Maya , Horev Guy , Denkberg Galit , Shen-Orr Shai , Rubinstein Jacob , Reiter Yoram
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Tables
Data from Phenotypic Models of CAR T-Cell Activation Elucidate the Pivotal Regulatory Role of CAR Downmodulation
Authors: Greenman Raanan , Pizem Yoav , Haus-Cohen Maya , Horev Guy , Denkberg Galit , Shen-Orr Shai , Rubinstein Jacob , Reiter Yoram
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Adoptive cell immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) showed limited potency in solid tumors, despite durable remissions for hematopoietic malignancies. Therefore, an investigation of ways to enhance the efficacy of CARs' antitumor response has been engaged upon. We previously examined the interplay between the biophysical parameters of CAR binding (i.e., affinity, avidity, and antigen density), as regulators of CAR T-cell activity and detected nonmonotonic behaviors of affinity and antigen density and an interrelation between avidity and antigen density. Here, we built an evolving phenotypic model of CAR T-cell regulation, which suggested that receptor downmodulation is a key determinant of CAR T-cell function. We verified this assumption by measuring and manipulating receptor downmodulation and intracellular signaling processes. CAR downmodulation inhibition, via actin polymerization inhibition, but not inhibition of regulatory inhibitory phosphatases, was able to increase CAR T-cell responses. In addition, we documented trogocytosis in CAR T cells that depends on actin polymerization. In summary, our study modeled the parameters that govern CAR T-cell engagement and revealed an underappreciated mechanism of T-cell regulation. These results have a potential to predict and therefore advance the rational design of CAR T cells for adoptive cell treatments.

See related article on p. 872
Cancer History and Social Support Impact Colorectal Cancer Screening Utilization by Race/Ethnicity
Authors: Tsai Meng-Han , Lee Minjee , Coughlin Steven S. , Eberth Jan M. , Rogers Charles R.
Published: July 2024

This study examined the association among cancer history, social support, and up-to-date colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among four racial/ethnic groups. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data on respondents aged 45 to 75 years from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Our outcome of interest was CRC screening and exposures of interest were race/ethnicity, cancer history, and social support. Weighted multivariable logistic regression was performed. Among 73,869 adults, the CRC screening rate was 66.8% with the highest rate in non-Hispanic (NH), Whites (72.2%), and the lowest in Hispanics (52.6%). Screening rates were higher in adults with a cancer history (81.9%) and those having social support (69%). Hispanic adults with a cancer history had lower screening use (50.9% vs. 77.4% in the no cancer history group; P value < 0.001). Regardless of race/ethnicity, adults without social support had lower screening utilization (P value < 0.05). In effect modification, NH White adults who reported no cancer history and lack of social support were 12% less likely to have CRC screening than those with social support but without cancer history (OR, 0.88; 95% confidence intervals, 0.79–0.98). Similar results were observed among Hispanic adults without a cancer history and social support, with 37% less likely to have CRC screening than those with social support but no cancer history (OR, 0.63; 95% confidence intervals, 0.42–0.93). NH White and Hispanic adults without a cancer history and limited social support were less likely to have CRC screening uptake. By implementing culturally tailored interventions that address social support needs, greater CRC screening compliance may be increased among these populations.

Prevention Relevance: Adherence to CRC screening recommendations reduces cancer incidence and mortality. Effective implementation of culturally tailored interventions that address social support needs and consider cancer history have the potential for improving CRC screening compliance among NH White and Hispanic adults without a cancer history.
Supplementary Figure S3A from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: July 2024

Waterfall plot showing PSA change from baseline to nadir.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: July 2024

Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory marker expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in AA (n=29) and non-AA (n=28).
Figure 4 from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: July 2024

Differential cytokine and chemokine responses in AA men (n = 29) and non-AA men (n = 28). Of all Th1 cytokines, only the baseline levels of GM-CSF were significantly higher (P = 0.001) in AA men vs. non-AA men. The levels of chemokine CCL4 (MIP-1β) were significantly higher at baseline (P = 0.0003) in AA men vs. non-AA men. The levels of CCL5 (RANTES) were significantly higher at baseline (P < 0.0001), as well as at 10 weeks post treatment (P = 0.0006) in AA men vs. non-AA men. Differences between the two racial groups were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney test and P values < 0.0032 were considered as significant in the multiple comparisons sense. The horizontal line in each dot plot marks the median value. Base, baseline; wks, weeks.
Figure 3 from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: July 2024

Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory marker expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in two racial groups. A, No differences in the percentage of CD4+ T cells were observed at baseline or at 10 weeks post-treatment in AA men (n = 29) vs. non-AA men (n = 28). Expression of co-stimulatory receptor ICOS on CD4+ T cells was significantly higher at baseline and at 10 weeks post-treatment (P = 0.0006; P = 0.0027, respectively) in AA men compared to non-AA men. Expression of co-inhibitory receptor BTLA on CD4+ was also significantly higher at baseline (P < 0.0001) in AA men compared to non-AA men. B, The percentage of CD8+ T cells was significantly lower (P = 0.0016) at baseline as well as at 10 weeks post- treatment in AA men compared to non-AA men. Expression of co-stimulatory receptor ICOS on CD8+ T cells was significantly higher at baseline and at 10 weeks post-treatment (P = 0.0023; P = 0.0026, respectively) in AA men vs. non-AA men. Differences between the two racial groups were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney test and P values < 0.0032 were considered as significant in the multiple comparisons sense. The horizontal line in each dot plot marks the median value. Base, baseline; wks, weeks.
Figure 1 from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: July 2024

Study schema. Treatment schema showing schedule of sipuleucel-T infusions and immune evaluations. Wk, week.
Supplementary Figure S3B from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: July 2024

Waterfall plot showing PSA change from baseline to week 10.
Supplementary Table S3 from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: July 2024

Summary of significant responses before and after sipuleucel-T in mCRPC patients.
Supplementary Table S2 from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: July 2024

Th1 and Th2 cytokine and chemokine responses in mCRPC patients.
Data from Race-Related Differences in Sipuleucel-T Response among Men with Metastatic Castrate–Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Heath Elisabeth I. , Thakur Archana , Chen Wei , Hwang Clara , Paller Channing J. , Cackowski Frank C. , Boerner Julie L. , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Melanie P. , Schalk Dana L. , Schienschang Amy , Whitaker Sarah A. , Polend Amanda , Smith Daryn , Vaishampayan Ulka N. , Dickow Brenda , Lum Lawrence G.
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Sipuleucel-T is an autologous cellular immunotherapy that targets prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and is available for treatment of men with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In this single-arm, two-cohort, multicenter clinical study, potential racial differences in immune responses to sipuleucel-T in men with mCRPC were explored. Patients’ blood samples were obtained to assess serum cytokines, humoral responses, and cellular immunity markers before and after treatment. Baseline cumulative product parameters (total nucleated and CD54+ cell counts and CD54 upregulation) were evaluated. IgM titers against the immunogen PA2024, the target antigen PAP, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were quantified by ELISA. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity was determined by ELISpots, and cytokine and chemokine concentrations were determined by Luminex.Twenty-nine African American (AA) men and 28 non-African American (non-AA) men with mCRPC received sipuleucel-T. Baseline total nucleated cell count, CD54+ cell count, CD54 expression, and cumulative product parameters were higher in non-AA men. Although PSA baseline levels were higher in AA men, there were no racial differences in IgM antibody and IFNγ ELISpots responses against PA2024, PAP, PSA, and PSMA before and after treatment. Expression of co-stimulatory receptor ICOS on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the levels of Th1 cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and chemokines CCL4 and CCL5, were significantly higher in AA men before and/or after treatment. Despite no difference in the overall survival, PSA changes from baseline were significantly different between the two races. The data suggest that immune correlates in blood differ in AA and non-AA men with mCRPC pre- and post-sipuleucel-T.
Significance:
Our novel findings of higher expression of co-stimulatory receptor ICOS on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in African American patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) prior and post-sipuleucel-T suggest activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The data indicate that racial differences observed in these and other immune correlates before and after sipuleucel-T warrant additional investigation to further our understanding of the immune system in African American men and other men with mCRPC.
Estimates of Baroclinic Tidal Sea Level and Currents from Lagrangian Drifters and Satellite Altimetry
Authors: Zaron Edward D. , Elipot Shane
Published: July 2024

Internal waves generated by the interaction of the surface tides with topography are known to propagate long distances and lead to observable effects such as sea level variability, ocean currents, and mixing. In an effort to describe and predict these waves, the present work is concerned with using geographically distributed data from satellite altimeters and drifting buoys to estimate and map the baroclinic sea level associated with the M2, S2, N2, K1, and O1 tides. A new mapping methodology is developed, based on a mixed L1/L2-norm optimization, and compared with previously developed methods for tidal estimation from altimeter data. The altimeter and drifter data are considered separately in their roles for estimating tides and for cross-validating estimates obtained with independent data. Estimates obtained from altimetry and drifter data are found to agree remarkably well in regions where the drifter trajectories are spatially dense; however, heterogeneity of the drifter trajectories is a disadvantage when they are considered alone for tidal estimation. When the different data types are combined by using geodetic mission altimetry to cross validate estimates obtained with either exact-repeat altimetry or drifter data, and subsequently averaging the latter estimates, the estimates significantly improve on the previously published HRET8.1 model, as measured by their utility for predicting sea level and surface currents in the open ocean. The methodology has been applied to estimate the annual modulations of M2, which are found to have much smaller amplitudes compared to those reported in HRET8.1, and suggest that the latter estimates of these tides were not reliable.

Significance Statement

The mechanical and thermodynamic forcing of the ocean occurs primarily at very large scales associated with the gravitational perturbations of the sun and moon (tides), atmospheric wind stress, and solar insolation, but the frictional forces within the ocean act on very small scales. This research addresses the question of how the large-scale tidal forcing is transformed into the smaller-scale motion capable of being influenced by friction. The results show where internal waves are generated and how they transport energy across ocean basins to eventually be dissipated by friction. The results are useful to scientists interested in mapping the flows of mechanical energy in the ocean and predicting their influences on marine life, ocean temperature, and ocean currents.
The Evolution of the 2021 Seacor Power Tragedy in Coastal Louisiana
Authors: Miller P. W. , Li C. , Xu K. , Caparotta S. , Rohli R. V.
Published: July 2024

On 13 April 2021, a mesoscale convective system (MCS) swept across the southeastern Louisiana coast, capsizing the 39-m Seacor Power roughly 7 km from shore and leaving 13 mariners drowned or missing. In addition to the severe straight-line winds that sank the vessel, sustained surface winds > 20 m s−1 behind the leading convection persisted well after the main convective band, inhibiting search and rescue efforts. Though complete historical fatality statistics are unavailable, the 13 deaths associated with this event likely represent one of the deadliest severe convective weather events in modern U.S. maritime history. This analysis integrates in situ, remotely sensed, and reanalysis datasets to reconstruct the 2021 Seacor Power accident as well as ascertain its depiction in day-of operational convection-allowing model (CAM) guidance. Results suggest that the MCS formed along an unanalyzed coastal boundary and developed a strong mesohigh to the east of the wreck as it moved offshore. The resulting zonally oriented pressure gradient directed stiff easterly winds over the wreck for several hours, even as the squall line had propagated well away from the coast. This multihour period of severe weather along the Louisiana coast was relatively well resolved by morning-of CAM guidance, providing optimism that future such events may be anticipated with the lead times required by vulnerable seacraft to reach safe harbor. Future severe convective weather watches containing marine zones might include a “marine” section detailing the potential sea conditions, analogous to the “aviation” section in current severe weather watches.
The aptamer BT200 blocks interaction of K1405-K1408 in the VWF-A1 domain with macrophage LRP1
Authors: Chion Alain , Byrne Ciara , Atiq Ferdows , Doherty Dearbhla , Aguila Sonia , Fazavana Judicael , Lopes Patricia , Karampini Ellie , Amin Aamir , Preston Roger J. S. , Baker Ross I. , McKinnon Thomas A. J. , Zhu Shuhao , Gilbert James C. , Emsley Jonas , Jilma Bernd , O’Donnell James S.
Published: July 2024

Rondaptivon pegol (previously BT200) is a pegylated RNA aptamer that binds to the A1 domain of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Recent clinical trials demonstrated that BT200 significantly increased plasma VWF–factor VIII levels by attenuating VWF clearance. The biological mechanism(s) through which BT200 attenuates in vivo clearance of VWF has not been defined. We hypothesized that BT200 interaction with the VWF-A1 domain may increase plasma VWF levels by attenuating macrophage-mediated clearance. We observed that full-length and VWF-A1A2A3 binding to macrophages and VWF-A1 domain binding to lipoprotein receptor–related protein 1 (LRP1) cluster II and cluster IV were concentration-dependently inhibited by BT200. Additionally, full-length VWF binding to LRP1 expressed on HEK293T (HEK-LRP1) cells was also inhibited by BT200. Importantly, BT200 interacts with the VWF-A1 domain in proximity to a conserved cluster of 4 lysine residues (K1405, K1406, K1407, and K1408). Alanine mutagenesis of this K1405-K1408 cluster (VWF-4A) significantly (P < .001) attenuated binding of VWF to both LRP1 clusters II and IV. Furthermore, in vivo clearance of VWF-4A was significantly (P < .001) reduced than that of wild-type VWF. BT200 did not significantly inhibit binding of VWF-4A to LRP1 cluster IV or HEK-LRP1 cells. Finally, BT200 interaction with the VWF-A1 domain also inhibited binding to macrophage galactose lectin and the SR-AI scavenger receptor. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that BT200 prolongs VWF half-life by attenuating macrophage-mediated clearance and specifically the interaction of K1405-K1408 in the VWF-A1 domain with macrophage LRP1. These data support the concept that targeted inhibition of VWF clearance pathways represents a novel therapeutic approach for von Willebrand disease and hemophilia A.
METASEED: a novel approach to full-length 16S rRNA gene reconstruction from short read data
Authors: Philip Melcy , Rudi Knut , Ormaasen Ida , Angell Inga Leena , Pettersen Ragnhild , Keeley Nigel B. , Snipen Lars-Gustav
Published: July 2024

Background

With the emergence of Oxford Nanopore technology, now the on-site sequencing of 16S rRNA from environments is available. Due to the error level and structure, the analysis of such data demands some database of reference sequences. However, many taxa from complex and diverse environments, have poor representation in publicly available databases. In this paper, we propose the METASEED pipeline for the reconstruction of full-length 16S sequences from such environments, in order to improve the reference for the subsequent use of on-site sequencing.

Results

We show that combining high-precision short-read sequencing of both 16S and full metagenome from the same samples allow us to reconstruct high-quality 16S sequences from the more abundant taxa. A significant novelty is the carefully designed collection of metagenome reads that matches the 16S amplicons, based on a combination of uniqueness and abundance. Compared to alternative approaches this produces superior results.

Conclusion

Our pipeline will facilitate numerous studies associated with various unknown microorganisms, thus allowing the comprehension of the diverse environments. The pipeline is a potential tool in generating a full length 16S rRNA gene database for any environment.
An altered uterine microbiota with endometrial hyperplasia
Authors: Ying Xue , Xu Gufeng , Wang Huiyun , Wang Yue
Published: July 2024

Background

Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is a precursor to endometrial cancer, and the role of the microbiome in its development is unclear.

Results

The present study investigated the uterine microbiome in patients with benign uterine conditions and endometrial hyperplasia. A significant structural shift in the uterine microbiome of patients with endometrial hyperplasia compared to those with benign conditions was found. Delftia, Serratia and Stenotrophomonas were significantly enriched in endometrial hyperplasia samples and associated with the presence of endometrial hyperplasia.

Conclusions

The novel finding suggested that increased abundance of Delftia, Serratia and Stenotrophomonas is associated with the presence of endometrial hyperplasia. Further investigation is needed to determine the value of these microbes as biomarkers for endometrial hyperplasia.
Identification and functional analysis of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and metabolites response to mowing in hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum hook. f.)
Authors: Bai Yixiong , He Jiaqi , Yao Youhua , An Likun , Cui Yongmei , Li Xin , Yao Xiaohua , Xiao Shanshan , Wu Kunlun
Published: July 2024

Background

Hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f.) is a significant cereal crop and a substantial source of forage for livestock. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and metabolites play crucial roles in the nutrient accumulation and regeneration of hulless barley plants following mowing. The study aimed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and metabolites in hulless barley plants by analyzing transcriptomic and metabolomic datasets at 2 h, 24 h, and 72 h following mowing.

Results

The study revealed that 190, 90, and 438 lncRNA genes were differentially expressed at the 2 h, 24 h, and 72 h time points compared to the non-mowing control. We identified 14 lncRNA genes—11 downregulated and 3 upregulated—showing consistently significant differential expression across all time points after mowing. These differentially expressed lncRNAs target genes involved in critical processes such as cytokinin signaling, cell wall degradation, storage protein accumulation, and biomass increase. In addition, we identified ten differentially expressed metabolites targeting diverse metabolic pathways, including plant hormones, alkaloids, and flavonoids, before and after mowing at various time points. Endogenous hormone analysis revealed that cytokinin most likely played a crucial role in the regeneration of hulless barley after mowing.

Conclusions

This study created a comprehensive dataset of lncRNAs, metabolites, and hormones in hulless barley after mowing, revealing valuable insights into the functional characteristics of lncRNAs, metabolites, and hormones in regulating plant regeneration. The results indicated that cytokinin plays a significant role in facilitating the regeneration process of hulless barley after mowing. This comprehensive dataset is an invaluable resource for better understanding the complex mechanisms that underlie plant regeneration, with significant implications for crop improvement.
The impact of patient registration on utilisation and quality of care: a propensity score matching and staggered difference-in-differences analysis of a cohort of 16,775 people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Moran Valerie , Bia Michela , Thill Patrick , Suhrcke Marc , Nolte Ellen , Burlot Eric , Fagherazzi Guy
Published: July 2024

Background

In 2012, Luxembourg introduced a Referring Doctor (RD) policy, whereby patients voluntarily register with a primary care practitioner, who coordinates patients’ health care and ensures optimal follow-up. We contribute to the limited evidence base on patient registration by evaluating the effects of the RD policy.

Methods

We used data on 16,775 people with type 2 diabetes on oral medication (PWT2D), enrolled with the Luxembourg National Fund from 2010 to 2018. We examined the utilisation of primary and specialist outpatient care, quality of care process indicators, and reimbursed prescribed medicines over the short- (until 2015) and medium-term (until 2018). We used propensity score matching to identify comparable groups of patients with and without an RD. We applied difference-in-differences methods that accounted for patients’ registration with an RD in different years.

Results

There was low enrolment of PWT2D in the RD programme. The differences-in-differences parallel trends assumption was not met for: general practitioner (GP) consultations, GP home visits (medium-term), HbA1c test (short-term), complete cholesterol test (short-term), kidney function (urine) test (short-term), and the number of repeat prescribed cardiovascular system medicines (short-term). There was a statistically significant increase in the number of: HbA1c tests (medium-term: 0.09 (95% CI: 0.01 to 0.18)); kidney function (blood) tests in the short- (0.10 (95% CI: 0.01 to 0.19)) and medium-term (0.11 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.20)); kidney function (urine) tests (medium-term: 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.10)); repeat prescribed medicines in the short- (0.19 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.36)) and medium-term (0.18 (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.34)); and repeat prescribed cardiovascular system medicines (medium-term: 0.08 (95% CI: 0.01 to 0.15)). Sensitivity analyses also revealed increases in kidney function (urine) tests (short-term: 0.07 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.11)) and dental consultations (short-term: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.11), and decreases in specialist consultations (short-term: -0.28, 95% CI: -0.51 to -0.04; medium-term: -0.26, 95% CI: -0.49 to -0.03).

Conclusions

The RD programme had a limited effect on care quality indicators and reimbursed prescribed medicines for PWT2D. Future research should extend the analysis beyond this cohort and explore data linkage to include clinical outcomes and socio-economic characteristics.
Relationship between quantitative physical activity and deterioration of locomotive function: a cross-sectional study using baseline data from a cohort
Authors: Tanabe Hideki , Akai Masami , Hayashi Kunihiko , Yonemoto Koji
Published: July 2024

Background

In aged society, health policies aimed at extending healthy life expectancy are critical. Maintaining physical activity is essential to prevent the deterioration of body functions. Therefore, it is important to understand the physical activity levels of the target age group and to know the content and intensity of the required physical activity quantitatively. Especially we focused the role of non-exercise activity thermogenesis and sedentary time, which are emphasized more than the introduction of exercise in cases of obesity or diabetes.

Methods

A total of 193 patients from 25 institutions were included. Participants underwent a locomotive syndrome risk test (stand-up test, 2-step test, and Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale-25 questionnaire) and were classified into three stages. Physical activity was quantitatively monitored for one week with 3-axial accelerometer. Physical activity was classified into three categories; (1) Sedentary behavior (0 ∼ ≤ 1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs)), (2) Light physical activity (LPA:1.6 ∼ 2.9 METs), and (3) Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA: ≥3 METs). We investigated the relationship between physical activity, including the number of steps, and the stages after gender- and age- adjustment. We also investigated the relationship between social isolation using Lubben’s Social Network Scale (LSNS), as social isolation would lead to fewer opportunities to go out and less outdoor walking.

Results

Comparison among the three stages showed significant difference for age (p = 0.007) and Body Mass Index (p < 0.001). After gender-and age-adjustment, there was a significant relation with a decrease in the number of steps (p = 0.002) and with MVPA. However, no relation was observed in sedentary time and LPA. LSNS did not show any statistically significant difference. Moderate to high-intensity physical activity and the number of steps is required for musculoskeletal disorders. The walking, not sedentary time, was associated to the locomotive stages, and this finding indicated the importance of lower extremity exercise.

Conclusions

Adjusting for age and gender, the number of steps and moderate to vigorous activity levels were necessary to prevent worsening, and there was no effect of sedentary behavior. Merely reducing sedentary time may be inadequate for locomotive disorders. It is necessary to engage in work or exercise that moves lower extremities more actively.
Childhood intra- and extra-familial maltreatment and later-life trajectories of depressive symptoms: evidence from China
Authors: Ge Tingshuai , Liu Yixiao , Han Qing , Cheng Xinfeng , Jiang Quanbao
Published: July 2024

Background

Both late-life depression and childhood maltreatment have become major global public health issues, given their prevalence and social-economic and health consequences. However, previous studies have solely focused on the relationship of childhood maltreatment to average levels of depressive symptoms. The current study addresses this gap of knowledge by simultaneously examining the impacts of childhood intra- and extra-familial maltreatment on age trajectories of depressive symptoms in later life in the Chinese context.

Methods

Hierarchical linear models were applied to data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2018, N = 12,669 individuals aged 45 to 80, comprising N = 43,348 person-years). Depressive symptoms were measured by the CES-D-10 scale. Childhood intra-familial maltreatments were measured by physical abuse and emotional neglect, while extra-familial maltreatment was measured by peer bullying. All analyses were conducted separately by gender in Stata 16.

Results

Childhood extrafamilial peer bullying (β = 1.628, p < 0.001), and intrafamilial physical abuse (β = 0.746, p < 0.001) and emotional neglect (β = 0.880, p < 0.001) were associated with higher later-life depressive symptoms levels in the whole sample. Peer bullying differences in depressive symptoms widened with age for both men and women. Physical abuse differences in depressive symptoms remained stable over the life course among men but increased among women. Emotional neglect differences in depressive symptoms decreased with age among men, while it increased first and then decreased among women.

Conclusions

Findings in this study suggest that childhood maltreatment is not only associated with later-life poorer mental health but contributes to increasing inequalities in mental health as people age, especially among peer-bullying victims and women.
The severity of intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy increases risks of adverse outcomes beyond stillbirth: evidence from 15,826 patients
Authors: Zhou Qiulun , Yuan Yi , Wang Yuying , He Zhuoqi , Liang Yannei , Qiu Suyi , Chen Yiting , He Yiru , Lv Zi , Liu Huishu
Published: July 2024

Background

What kinds of fetal adverse outcomes beyond stillbirth directly correlate to the severity of intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy (ICP) remained tangled. Herein, we conducted a retrospective cohort study and a dose-response meta-analysis to speculate the association between the severity of ICP and its adverse outcomes.

Methods

We retrospectively collected a cohort of ICP patients from electronic records from Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center between Jan 1st, 2018, and Dec 31st, 2022. Also, we searched PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science to extract prior studies for meta-analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test, a one-way or two-way variants analysis (ANOVA), and multi-variant regression are utilized for cohort study. One stage model, restricted cubic spline analysis, and fixed-effect model are applied for dose-response meta-analysis. The data analysis was performed using the R programme.

Results

Our cohort included 1,289 pregnant individuals, including 385 mild ICP cases, 601 low moderate ICP cases, 282 high moderate ICP cases, and 21 severe ICP cases. The high moderate bile acid levels were correlated to preterm birth [RR = 2.14, 95%CI 1.27 to 3.62), P < 0.01], and preterm premature rupture of membranes [RR = 0.34, 95%CI 0.19 to 0.62), P < 0.01]. We added our cases to cases reported by other studies included in the meta-analysis. There were 15,826 patients included in dose-response meta-analysis. The severity of ICP was associated with increased risks of stillbirth, spontaneous preterm birth, iatrogenic preterm birth, preterm birth, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, and meconium-stained fluid (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Our study shows the correlation between the severity of ICP and the ascending risks of stillbirth, preterm birth, and meconium-stained fluid, providing new threshold TBA levels.

Prospero registration number

CRD42023472634.
Pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for primary prophylaxis of neutropenia in patients with cervical cancer receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy: a prospective study
Authors: You Jing , Yuan Yidi , Gu Xiaoxuan , Wang Weihu , Li Xiaofan
Published: July 2024

Background

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) for primary prophylaxis of neutropenia in patients with cervical cancer receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Methods

In this prospective, single-center, single-arm study, we enrolled patients (18–70 years) with 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIIC1r-IVA and IVB (distant metastasis only with inguinal lymph node metastasis) cervical cancer. Eligible patients should have normal function of the bone marrow (absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 2.0 × 109/L) and adequate hepatic and renal functions. Key exclusion criteria included: previous chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy; a history of bone marrow dysplasia or other hematopoietic abnormalities. All patients underwent radical radiotherapy (pelvic radiotherapy or extended-field irradiation) plus brachytherapy. The chemotherapy regimen included four cycles of 3-weekly paclitaxel and cisplatin. PEG-rhG-CSF was administered 48–72 h after each treatment cycle. Salvage granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was only permitted in certain circumstances. The primary endpoint was the incidence of grade 3–4 neutropenia. The secondary endpoints included frequency of febrile neutropenia (FN), chemotherapy completion rate in cycles 2–4, time to complete radiotherapy, and safety.

Results

Overall, 52 patients were enrolled in this study from July 2019 to October 2020. The incidence of grade 3–4 neutropenia was 28.8%, with an average duration of grade 3–4 neutropenia persistence of 3.85 days (1–7 days). The incidence rate of FN was 3.8%. The chemotherapy completion rate was 94.2%, 82.7%, and 75.0% for cycles 2–4, respectively. The incidences of grade 3–4 neutropenia for cycles 1–4 were 9.6% (5/52), 8.2% (4/49), 14.0% (6/43), and 2.6% (1/39), respectively. All patients completed radiotherapy within 8 weeks (median, 48 days; range: 41–56 days), except one patient who withdrew consent and did not receive radiotherapy. Severe non-hematologic toxicity was not observed in any patient.

Conclusion

PEG-rhG-CSF is an effective and safe prophylactic treatment for neutropenia in patients with cervical cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900024494. Date of Registration:13/July/2019.
Active trachoma and associated factors in children aged 1 to 9 years living in Sasiga rural districts, East Wallaga Zone, Ethiopia, in 2022: a community- based cross-sectional study
Authors: Lema Matiyos , Cheme Melese Chego , Shama Adisu Tafari , Terefa Dufera Rikitu , Geta Edosa Tesfaye , Desalegn Zelalem
Published: July 2024

Background

Trachoma, caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatous, is a contagious eye condition that frequently affects children and quickly spreads from child to child and from child to caregiver. The study aimed to assess the distribution of active trachoma and its associated risk factors among children 1–9 years aged in Households of Sasiga Rural District, Western Ethiopia, in 2022.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 577 randomly selected children from March to May 2022. A multistage sampling technique was used. Data was collected through an interviewer-based questionnaire, physical observation, and clinical eye examinations. Epi Data 3.1 was used for data entry. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 24. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions were performed. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to identify factors associated with active trachoma. A P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The distribution of Active Trachoma among children 1–9 years aged in Households of the study area was 9.5%(95%CI:7.11,11.89). Being from a low-income household with a monthly income of less than 1500 ETB [AOR = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.39, 8.75], Households where the nearest water supply is more than 30 min away [AOR = 8.34, 95%CI: 1.89, 36.73], households with only one room [AOR = 2.98, 95%CI: 1.027, 8.68], and presence of feces in the compound of the households [AOR = 3.08, 95%CI: 1.41, 6.75] were associated with active trachoma in 1–9 years aged children living in the study setting.

Conclusion

The distribution of Active Trachoma among children 1–9 years aged in Households of the study area was found to be high. Monthly income, the time it took to get water for home use, and the presence of feces in household compounds were all linked to active trachoma in children living in the study area. As a result, continuous sanitary education on trachoma transmission and prevention should be strengthened in the district.
Tinea capitis and its associated factors among school children in Gondar town northwest, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Tewodros Getaneh , Alemu Nigus Getaneh , Gonete Almaz Tefera
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Tinea capitis is a global public health concern with a unique therapeutic challenge and mostly affects children. The burden is double in developing countries. There is no study on school-going children from the urban residence in Ethiopia.

Objective

To determine the prevalence of Tinea capitis and its associated factors among school children in Gondar town northwest, Ethiopia 2021.

Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among school children in Gondar town from November 20 to December 20, 2021. Data was collected through an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. A stratified simple random sampling technique was employed. Then data were entered into EPI Info version 7.22 and transferred to Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 22 for further analysis. The binary logistic regression model was employed to identify factors associated with tinea capitis, and the strength of association and statistical significance was declared using the adjusted odds ratios with its corresponding 95% CI, and p-value ≤ 0.05 respectively.

Result

The prevalence of tinea capitis among school children in Gondar town was found to be 29.4%. Public school student (AOR = 2.79 95% CI: 1.34–5.87), widowed mother (AOR = 6.09, 95% CI: 1.83–11.23), students in the age group of 5–8 years (AOR = 3.79 95% CI: 1.68–8.55), animal contact (AOR = 2.61 95% CI: 1.15–5.90), and family similar illness category (AOR = 8.49 95% CI: 3.73–11.39) have risen the likelihood of tinea capitis among school children.

Conclusions

The prevalence of tinea capitis was higher. Young age, children from widowed marital status, illiterate mother, history of share blades, animal contact, a family similar illness, and lower number of living rooms are important factors contributing to tinea capitis among school children. Health education for the mother on the mode of transmission, prevention, and improve the low socioeconomic status of the parent is crucial.

Key terms

Children, Ethiopia, Gondar, School age, Tinea capitis
Physical activity is associated with lower mortality in adults with obesity: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente , Fernández-Rodríguez Rubén , Reina-Gutiérrez Sara , Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Eva , Garrido-Miguel Miriam , Núñez de Arenas-Arroyo Sergio , Torres-Costoso Ana
Published: July 2024

Background

Obesity is a complex chronic disease associated with several adverse health outcomes that increase mortality risk. Physical activity (PA) is recommended for the prevention and treatment of obesity and is related to a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimates the effect of PA levels on mortality (cardiovascular, cancer and all-cause mortality) in adults with obesity.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus from inception to June 2024. Prospective cohort studies that explored the association between PA and mortality in adults with obesity (according to their body mass index, ≥ 30 kg/m2) aged ≥ 18 years were included. Our main outcomes were all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular, and cancer mortality reported in primary studies by hazard ratios or relative risk, which were pooled for the meta-analysis when at least two studies reported the effect estimate for the same outcome. The PRISMA recommendations and the MOOSE guidelines were followed. The reported mortality risk estimates comparing insufficiently active versus active (moderate to very active) adults with obesity were pooled using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model.

Results

A total of 9 prospective cohort studies involving 199,425 adults with obesity (age range: 35–85 years) were included, of which 59,873 were insufficiently active and 84,328 were active. Active individuals had a 21% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.79, 95%CI: 0.74 to 0.84; I2 = 38.2%), and a 24% lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.66 to 0.87; I2 = 0.0%) than insufficiently active individuals. The HR for cancer mortality was 0.91 (95%CI: 0.80 to 1.02; I2 = 0.0%), and although this was mostly consistent with a benefit, it was based on only two studies.

Conclusion

Our data support that moderate to high levels of PA are associated with a 21% lower risk of all-cause and 24% cardiovascular disease mortality in adults with obesity. Although data from the only two published studies seem to indicate a protective effect of PA on cancer risk, the estimates are not statistically significant.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42022309346.