bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLUMM: Contrastive Learning for Unobtrusive Motion Monitoring
Authors: Gyamenah Pius , Iyer Hari , Jeong Heejin , Guo Shenghan
Published: November 2024

Traditional approaches for human monitoring and motion recognition often rely on wearable sensors, which, while effective, are obtrusive and cause significant discomfort to workers. More recent approaches have employed unobtrusive, real-time sensing using cameras mounted in the manufacturing environment. While these methods generate large volumes of rich data, they require extensive labeling and analysis for machine learning applications. Additionally, these cameras frequently capture irrelevant environmental information, which can hinder the performance of deep learning algorithms. To address these limitations, this paper introduces a novel framework that leverages a contrastive learning approach to learn rich representations from raw images without the need for manual labeling. The framework mitigates the effect of environmental complexity by focusing on critical joint coordinates relevant to manufacturing tasks. This approach ensures the model learns directly from human-specific data, effectively reducing the impact of the surrounding environment. A custom dataset of human subjects simulating various tasks in a workplace setting is used for training and evaluation. By fine-tuning the learned model for a downstream motion classification task, we achieve up to 90 % accuracy, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed solution in real-time human motion monitoring.
A Dynamic Scheduling Method Combining Iterative Optimization and Deep Reinforcement Learning to Solve Sudden Disturbance Events in Flexible Manufacturing Process
Authors: Yan Jun , Zhao Tianzuo , Zhang Tao , Chu Hongyan , Yang Congbin , Zhang Yueze
Published: November 2024

Unpredictable sudden disturbances such as equipment failure, processing time lag, and order changes increase the deviation between actual production and the planned schedule, seriously affecting production efficiency. This phenomenon is particularly severe in flexible manufacturing. In this paper, a dynamic scheduling method combining iterative optimization and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is proposed to address the impact of uncertain disturbances. A real-time DRL production environment model is established for the flexible job scheduling problem. Based on the DRL model, an agent training strategy and an autonomous decision-making method are proposed. An event-driven and period-driven hybrid dynamic rescheduling trigger strategy with four judgment mechanisms have been developed. Decision-making method and rescheduling trigger strategy solve the problem of how and when to reschedule for dynamic scheduling problem. The data experiment results show that the trained DRL decision-making model can provide timely feedback on the adjusted scheduling arrangements for different scale order problems. The proposed dynamic scheduling decision-making method and rescheduling trigger strategy can achieve high responsiveness, quick feedback, high quality, and high stability for flexible manufacturing process scheduling decision-making under sudden disturbance.
Kinematics of the Milky Way from the Statistical Analysis of the Gaia Data Release 3
Authors: Zavada Petr , Píška Karel
Published: November 2024

The aim of the analysis of data from the Gaia Space Observatory is to obtain kinematic parameters of the collective motion of stars in a part of our galaxy. The research is based on a statistical analysis of the motion of $33~146~122$ stars selected in different directions from the Sun up to a distance of $3-6$ kpc. We developed statistical methods for the analysis working with input data represented by the full astrometric solution (five parameters). Using the proposed statistical methods, we obtained the local velocity of the Sun $\left( U_{\odot} ,V_{\odot},W_{\odot}\right) =(10.05,16.65,7.59)\pm(0.05,0.06,0.02)_{stat} \pm(0.7,0.6,0.1)_{syst}$ km/s and the rotation velocity of the galaxy at different radii. For the Sun's orbit radius, we obtained the velocity of the galaxy rotation$\ V_{c}\approx234\pm4$ km/s. Collective rotation slows down in the region under study linearly with distance from the disk plane $\Delta V/\Delta Z\cong33.5\mathrm{km\,s}^{-1}\mathrm{kpc}^{-1}$. We have shown that the different kinematic characteristics and distributions, which depend on the position in the galaxy, can be well described in the studied 3D region by a simple Monte-Carlo simulation model, representing an axisymmetric approximation of the galaxy kinematics. The optimal values of the six free parameters were tuned by comparison with the data.
Impact of distal tibio-fibular joint anatomy on reduction outcome in dynamic suture button stabilization of the distal syndesmosis - a CT analysis
Authors: Hennings Robert , Fuchs Carolin , Souleiman Firas , Kleber Christian , Spiegl Ullrich Joseph , Ahrberg-Spiegl Annette B
Published: November 2024

Introduction
The anatomy of the distal tibio-fibular joint (DTFJ) has been demonstrated to influence the outcome of reduction with syndesmotic screw fixation. The objective of this study was to describe the anatomy of the DTFJ and to analyse the effect of incisura anatomy on syndesmotic stabilisation with suture button systems (SBS), also in the context of their "flexible nature of fixation".
Materials and Methods
Forty-four (21 females, 23 males) consecutive postoperative bilateral computed tomography scans after stabilisation of the DTFJ by SBS were retrospectively analysed. The anatomy of the DTFJ was evaluated by examining the following parameters: depth of the tibial incisura (DI), rotation of the incisura (ROI), Nault talar dome angle (NTDA), Leporjärvi clear space (LCS), anterior tibio-fibular distance (antTFD) and fibula engagement (FE). The side-to-side (Δ) of LCS, NTDA and antTFD, which analysed the reduction result, were correlated with DI, FE, ROI, NTDA as well as the transverse offset (TO), reflecting the "flexible nature of fixation".
Results
Patients with slight over-tightened (ΔLCS > -1 mm) showed a fibula that protruded less into the incisura on the native side (smaller FE) compared to symmetrical reduced patients and to patients with slight diastasis (p < 0.05). There was no relationship between the parameters describing the anatomy of the incisura and parameters assessing the parameter of the "flexible nature of fixation" (rs < 0.300). Regarding the anatomical parameters, it was observed that there were inter-individual differences of more than 4 mm (p>0.05).
Conclusion
The considerable inter-individual anatomical variability of the DTFJ was confirmed. The morphological configuration of the incisura has no impact on the immediate reduction result after dynamic stabilisation of the DTFG, as determined by CT. The extent of "flexible nature of fixation" is also not affected by the morphology of the incisura. Stabilisation of the DTFJ can be performed regardless of the anatomical configuration.
Towards Green Finance: A Framework for Sustainable Economic Development in Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Hamid , Ullah Abid
Published: November 2024

Pakistan, a developing economy facing severe environmental and economic challenges, requires robust financial mechanisms that address climate change, resource depletion, and foster long-term economic growth. Green finance, which supports investments in environmentally sustainable projects that yield financial returns, is a critical tool for driving the transition to a low-carbon economy. This research explores the potential of green finance in Pakistan, identifying the key barriers and opportunities, and developing a comprehensive framework that could facilitate sustainable economic development. Through a mixed-methods approach, including a detailed literature review, surveys, and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, this paper provides a thorough analysis of the current landscape of green finance in Pakistan. Findings reveal that, while there is considerable potential, significant barriers, including regulatory gaps, limited financial products, and lack of expertise, must be overcome for green finance to flourish in the country. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for creating a sustainable green finance ecosystem that can help Pakistan meet its long-term sustainable development goals.
Enhancing Ontological Metamodel Creation through Knowledge Extraction from Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization Frameworks
Authors: Karagoz Esma , Pinon Fischer Olivia J. , Mavris Dimitri
Published: November 2024

The design of complex aerospace systems requires a broad multidisciplinary knowledge base and an iterative approach to accommodate changes effectively. Engineering knowledge is commonly represented through engineering analyses and descriptive models with underlying semantics. While guidelines from systems engineering methodologies exist to guide the development of system models, creating a system model from scratch with every new application/system is impractical. In this context, this research demonstrates how a physics-based multidisciplinary analysis and optimization tool, SUAVE, can be leveraged to develop a system model. By leveraging the existing physics-based knowledge captured within SUAVE, the process benefits from the expertise embedded in the tool. To facilitate the systematic creation of the system model, an ontological metamodel is created in SysML. This metamodel is designed to capture the inner workings of the SUAVE tool, representing its concepts, relationships, and behaviors. By using this ontological metamodel as a modeling template, the process of creating the system model becomes more structured and organized. Overall, this research aims to streamline the process of building system models from scratch by leveraging existing knowledge and utilizing an ontological metamodel as a modeling template. This approach enhances formal knowledge representation and its consistency, and promotes reusability in multidisciplinary optimization problems.
DXA-Measured Total and Regional Body Composition in Female Athletes with a Physical Impairment
Authors: Cavedon Valentina , Peluso Ilaria , Toti Elisabetta , Sandri Marco , Pedrinolla Anna , Zancanaro Carlo , Milanese Chiara
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: In recent years, awareness has been growing regarding the needs of fe-male athletes with physical impairment. Despite the importance of assessing body composition from both health and performance perspectives in this athletic population, there is limited literature focusing on this topic. This study explored whole-body and regional three-compartment body composition in female athletes with physical impairment to assess the impact of impairment and sex on body composition parameters in this population. Methods: Twenty female athletes with a physical impairment were pair-matched by age with an able-bodied female athlete and a male athlete with a comparable physical impairment. All athletes underwent whole-body scanning with Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry. Results: Female athletes with physical impairment showed body composition changes consisting in a higher amount of fat mass, particularly in the lower body regions. Among athletes with physical impairment, sex showed an independent effect on whole-body composition, with females showing higher fat mass and lower lean mass, and bone mineral content compared to males especially in the legs. Conclusions: Female athletes with physical impairment have a distinct body composition profile, characterized by a sex-specific dis-tribution of body tissues at the regional level. Nutritional and training strategies aimed at optimizing body composition in female athletes with physical impairments should be specifically tailored to meet the needs of this athletic population.
Love in the Time of COVID: Psychiatric Lessons from Oxytocin and the “Endocrine Organ”
Authors: Sfera Adonis , Hazan Sabine , Anton Jacob , Ciuperca Ioana , Klein Carolina , Thomas Karina G
Published: November 2024

Oxytocin, known as the “love hormone,” is produced in the posterior hypothalamus and participates in numerous physiological processes, including social intelligence, sexual activity, and metabolism. SARS-CoV-2 virus, the etiologic agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, has been shown to suppress oxytocin release from the intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in microbial migration outside of the gut lumen.
Limosilactobacillus reuterii, a commensal known for producing oxytocin, normalizes the gut barrier function and exerts antiviral properties, including against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This may explain the beneficial effect of oxytocin in schizophrenia, a condition associated with a dysfunctional gut barrier and microbial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract into the systemic circulation.
The molecular underpinnings of oxytocin in the central nervous system are not entirely clear. However, as viruses target tight junctions, the molecular Velcro that holds the barrier cells together, oxytocin enhances the barrier function.
In this mini-view, we summarize what is known about the role of oxytocin in schizophrenia and discuss natural and synthetic compounds that could optimize gut barrier permeability.
Biosorption of Cr (III) from Polluted Water Using Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst (Kikuyo)
Authors: Maldonado Farfán Amanda Rosa , Fernandez Bernaola Uriel Raul , Vargas Robles Rocio Victory , Villasante Muñoz Jessica Gabriela , Trejo Valdez Martin Daniel
Published: November 2024

Given the abundance of kikuyu biomass resulting from the pruning of green areas, the aim of this study was to evaluate its use as a biosorbent (BK) for Cr (III) removal from polluted waters. The biomass was activated using H2SO4 (1.25%) and, NaOH (3.25%), and then characterized using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and, Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The surface area was measured using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The adsorption process was carried out by employing a jar test, evaluating the adsorption capacity (q) as a function of biomass granulometry, dose (BK) and the pH of the solution. In addition, the kinetic process, BK regeneration and adsorption capacity on fur industry effluents were evaluated. Our results confirmed the presence of active groups on BK such as: –OH, -C=C-, -C=O, and -C-O-, with an increase of 1308.58% in specific surface area, as well as the presence of chromium. The three variables under study were significant and related in a mathematical model. Maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) of 47.9, and 37.6 mg/g were obtained when using synthetic waters and fur industry effluents, respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model confirmed that the adsorption mechanism is chemisorption. Furthermore, it was possible to regenerate the BK at a pH of 3 with an adsorption capacity of 28.7 mg/g. The possibility of using kikuyu within the circular economy was demonstrated.
Beyond Automation: AI as a Collaborative Partner in the Future of Marketing
Authors: Rahbar Aryan
Published: November 2024

This article examines artificial intelligence's (AI) evolution in marketing, tracing its journey from early data-driven approaches to its current transformative role. Beginning with the rise of data analysis and CRM systems, the article highlights how AI has progressively reshaped marketing practices, leading to hyper-personalization, marketing automation, and the emergence of autonomous marketing platforms. While acknowledging the significant benefits of AI in enhancing efficiency, personalisation, and data-driven decision-making, the article also critically analyses the potential challenges, including privacy concerns, job displacement, algorithmic bias, and the need for transparency in AI-driven decisions. Through case studies of AI marketing tools like Persado and Albert.ai, the article illustrates these technologies' capabilities and limitations. Ultimately, the article argues that the future of AI in marketing hinges on a collaborative approach, where marketers leverage AI's strengths while preserving the essential human elements of creativity, empathy, and ethical judgment.
Controlling the Optical and Electrical Properties of Perovskite Films and Enhancing Solar Cell Performance Using the Photonic Curing Process
Authors: Slimani Moulay Ahmed , Wadhwa Arjun , Gerlein Luis Felippe , Benavides-Guerrero Jaime Alberto , Teherian Mohamad Hassan , Izquierdo Ricardo , Cloutier Sylvain G.
Published: November 2024

The most common method of processing metal oxide and perovskite thin films in the laboratory is thermal annealing (TA), which is a constraint for the commercialization of large-scale perovskite solar cells. Here, we present a photonic curing (PC) process to produce fully photonically annealed perovskite cells - a fast process with well-controlled, short light pulses - to develop perovskite photovoltaic devices with high efficiency. We have also demonstrated how to use the parameters of the photonic annealing system to control the optical, electrical, morphological, and structural properties of perovskite layers for photovoltaic device applications. The effect of PC treatment on microstructure, granularity, and electronic properties was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL), and transient photocurrent (TPC). The degree of conversion of the perovskite precursor and its influence on the electronic structure have been identified. SnO2 and perovskite films were treated with a single pulse and produced PCE comparable to control samples treated by TA.
Native Cyclodextrin Based Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Synthesis, Characterization and Potential Applications in Food Industry
Authors: Saxena Siddanth , Lis Manuel J.
Published: November 2024

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have become a highly usable system in various sectors because of their highly ordered structure and high porosity providing them with high storage capacity. But their use is sometimes forbidden in the food industry due to the presence of some organic compounds which have undesirable effects. Cyclodextrins which are considered GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) by FDA comes as a very good alternative to previously used compounds for the development of the MOF’s to be used in food packaging industry especially in the packaging sector. These cyclodextrin MOF does possess edible, biocompatible as well as biodegradable characteristics and due to these reasons they have gained attentions from researchers in the food industry. In this review we focus on the recent advancements in the field of CD MOF’s. We have emphasized on the synthesis of these MOF’s through different techniques, formations of their inclusion complex with bioactive compounds and their characterization. Finally, we discussed on the use of CD MOF as a carrier for various highly volatile bioactive compounds and their ability to increase the solubility and stability of these bioactive compounds.
Electromigration Techniques in the Analysis of Selected Cosmetic Ingredients: A Review
Authors: Kończyk Joanna , Myga-Nowak Magdalena , Michalski Rajmund , Janoszka Katarzyna
Published: November 2024

The cosmetics industry is one of the fastest-growing sectors worldwide. The dynamic evolution of this industry results in an increasingly diverse range of products containing various active ingredients. Ensuring the quality of these products is crucial for consumer safety, necessitating the use of advanced analytical methods and adherence to legal regulations. Electrophoretic techniques, particularly capillary electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography, facilitate the rapid and precise separation and identification of cosmetic ingredients. A well-chosen technique and optimized analytical conditions ensure high sensitivity, repeatability, and resolution, achieving detection limits that meet legal requirements. Although electromigration techniques are less common in routine laboratory analyses compared to liquid chromatography, they show potential for broader application in analyzing various substances found in cosmetics. This study reviews the possibilities of applying different electrophoretic techniques to analyze selected cosmetic ingredients serving various functions, including preservatives, dyes, exfoliating agents, UV filters, and also contaminants, while considering sample preparation methods, equipment used, and analysis conditions. The compiled data indicate that capillary electrophoresis, when compared to high-performance liquid chromatography and ion chromatography, shows comparable or superior sensitivity and repeatability, with detection limits adequate to meet regulatory standardsKeywords: cosmetic, electrophoretic techniques, capillary electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, liquid chromatography.
Tenacibaculum Virulence and Resistance: Genomic Insights
Authors: Pontigo Juan Pablo , Kibenge Fred , Kibenge Molly , Suarez Rudy , Labraña Mauricio , Montes de Oca Marcos , Coca Yoandy , Caro Diego , Bayliss Sion , Godoy Marcos
Published: November 2024

Tenacibaculosis, an ulcerative skin disease induced by members of the genus Tenacibaculum (Family Flavobacteriaceae, phylum Bacteroidetes), presents significant economic challenges for the global salmon industry. This research specifically examines Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi, a prominent pathogen linked to tenacibaculosis outbreaks in Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). The prevalence of tenacibaculosis, attributed to T. dicentrarchi, T. maritimum, and Tenacibaculum finnmarkense, has been noteworthy in Chile, with considerable annual mortality rates documented in recent years. To shed light on the virulence and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of T. dicentrarchi, we conducted a genomic analysis of two isolates obtained from Atlantic salmon. Prior studies have explored virulence-related genes, pathogenicity factors, and mechanisms of iron acquisition and copper homeostasis in four isolates of T. dicentrarchi from Atlantic salmon. Additionally, resistance to tetracycline and fluoroquinolones has been investigated. However, a comprehensive understanding of variations in virulence genes and antibiotic resistance mechanisms among different isolates remains limited. In our investigation, we present a detailed analysis of the genomes of the two T. dicentrarchi isolates, focusing on identifying key virulence factors and antibiotic resistance determinants. This research will contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms exhibited by T. dicentrarchi, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets for the management of tenacibaculosis in salmonids.
Gamma-Ray Spectrometric Evaluation in Watersheds with Gold Anomalies in Stream Sediments, Passo Feio Complex, Caçapava Do Sul Region (Brazil)
Authors: Lima Alves Luiza , Moreira César Augusto , da Silva Araújo Ana Flávia , Melo Ilha Lenon , Kumaira Sissa , Fontoura Hansen Marco Antonio , Masquelin Henri
Published: November 2024

This study utilizes gamma-ray spectrometry to identify source areas of gold recognized in geo-chemical prospecting work in stream sediments. The local geological context is represented by the Passo Feio Metamorphic Complex, which contains gold deposits possibly hosted in quartz veins concordant with metamorphic foliation, composed of quartzites, schists, and amphibolites. The study followed the sequence: geological reconnaissance, drone survey, and gamma-ray spectro-metric acquisition. Field reconnaissance indicated an alternation of rocks oriented in a WNW/ENE direction, with recognition of quartz veins embedded concordantly with the foliation of quartzites. The drone data enabled the generation of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and served as a basis for planning the gamma-ray spectrometry work. A total of 715 gamma-ray spectrometric readings were taken, with an average spacing of 40 meters between points, followed by data processing and the generation of maps of K (%) concentrations, eU (ppm), and eTh (ppm). The data obtained re-garding the K (%) concentration values reveal a clear anomaly in the central region with WNW/ENE orientation. The concentration data obtained for U (ppm) and Th (ppm) show a similar pattern concerning the WNW/ENE anomaly in the center of the area. The overlap of positive anomalies served as an indication of gold source areas in two river valleys.
Efficiency of Renewable Energy Potential Utilization in European Countries
Authors: Chodakowska Ewa , Nazarko Joanicjusz , Nazarko Łukasz
Published: November 2024

The transition to renewable energy sources (RES) is crucial for achieving a low-carbon future and sustainable development. Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is a priority goal in the European Union (EU) which actively promotes the development and use of renewable energy sources. This study evaluates the efficiency of EU countries in utilizing their geographical potential for wind and solar energy production. A two-stage radial network data envelopment analysis (NDEA) is proposed to estimate the efficiency of the utilisation of natural resources. The relationship between environmental potential and installed power capacity is evaluated in the first stage. In the second stage, the actual production from installed capacity is analysed. The efficiency trends over time are investigated. This approach offers a comprehensive assessment by considering both technical performance and environmental constraints. The results reveal that the development of alternative energy sources and the efficiency of the use of installed power capacity are not always in line with environmental conditions. The article's results highlight the necessity of a comprehensive approach to power capacity development basing on the renewable energy sources.
Optimizing Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Paediatric Enteric Duplication Cysts: Current Practices and Future Innovations
Authors: Fufezan Otilia , Pasculescu Andreea , Totelecan Alexandru
Published: November 2024

Duplication cysts are rare congenital malformations located anywhere along the mesenteric side of the gastrointestinal tract, usually observed within the first two years of life. They most commonly occur in the small bowel, originating from the midgut, with the distal ileal portion being the most frequently involved segment. The nonspecific clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic presentations to acute symptoms and complications, make diagnosis challenging. Other abdominal cysts and Meckel’s diverticulum should be considered as alternative diagnoses when duplication cysts are suspected.
Abdominal and intestinal ultrasound is the preferred first imaging modality for assessing enteric cysts in the paediatric population due to its wide accessibility, lack of ionizing radiation exposure, no need for contrast administration, and shortened image acquisition duration. Important and unique features of ultrasound examination include its dynamic nature and the ability to deliber-ately compress the cystic mass under the transducer. The ultrasound examination is usually per-formed using a low-frequency sector transducer, as well as a high-frequency linear transducer for enhanced resolution of the intestinal wall. The characteristic sonographic wall appearance of the cystic mass shows a layered pattern, known as the "gut signature sign". Other valuable indicators for identifying enteric cysts on ultrasound include the "5-layer sign", the "split wall sign", and the presence of wall peristalsis.
Endoscopic ultrasound is another imaging modality for assessing the presence of duplication cysts, offering the possibility of fine needle aspiration in more complicated cases. Prenatal ultrasound can provide an early diagnosis of duplication cysts during pregnancy, enabling timely access to treatment. Newer technologies, such as HDlive and 3D multiplanar views, enhance the utility and relevance of ultrasound in diagnosing enteric cysts. Complementary imaging modalities such as CT and MRI can be useful in cases of diagnostic uncertainty following ultrasound examination.
Surgical intervention with cyst excision is the preferred treatment method, but adjacent bowel resection must be considered when performing the procedure. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature on ultrasonographic examination of enteric duplication cysts, highlighting characteristic features and potential adjunctive techniques to facilitate accurate diagnosis.
Enseñanza de la óptica geométrica con la metodología STEAM en nivel medio superior
Authors: Pereyra Arguelles Angel Farit , López González Carina Berenice , Escobar Cornelio Hiram
Published: November 2024

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo desarrollar una estrategia de enseñanza con la metodología STEAM, con el fin de fomentar la comprensión de los principios ópticos básicos e integrando conocimientos de ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería, arte y matemáticas. El estudio se realizó bajo una metodología mixta de investigación, aplicado a 50 estudiantes del último semestre de nivel medio superior de la Escuela Preparatoria Diurna, ubicada en Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, México, que seleccionaron la asignatura optativa de Temas Selectos de Física, con el objetivo de cumplir con el perfil para estudiar una ingeniería. El enfoque STEAM se aplicó en las tres etapas siguientes: indagación, simulación y diseño y creación de un instrumento óptico. Los resultados muestran que la implementación de la estrategia favoreció el aprendizaje, mejorando la comprensión de los conceptos y su relación con la práctica. Se desarrollaron 8 instrumentos ópticos, 6 clasificados como excelentes en las categorías de conocimientos teóricos, habilidades prácticas y creatividad e innovación. Se concluye que la aplicación de la metodología STEAM ayuda a desarrollar habilidades para la solución de problemas, promueve un desarrollo profundo de los temas de forma que los estudiantes enfrenten desafíos y, por consecuencia, un aumento de interés en los temas propuestos.
COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Katılım Bankaları ve Mevduat Bankalarının Finansal Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: Osanmaz Melek Nur , Rençber Ömer Faruk , Ekşi İbrahim Halil
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Yapılan bu çalışmada amaç, tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan COVID-19 salgını sürecinde katılım bankaları ile mevduat bankalarının finansal performanslarının karşılaştırmasını yaparak salgından ne düzeyde etkilendiklerini ortaya koymaktır.
Tasarım/Yöntem: PROMETHEE yöntemi alternatifler arasında en iyisini seçebilmek, alternatifleri sıralamak veya önceden belirlemiş tercih kriterine göre ikili karşılaştırma yapabilmek amacıyla kullanılan nicel karar verme tekniğidir. Bundan dolayı çalışmada çok karar verme tekniklerinden biri olan PROMETHEE yöntemi (Prefence Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada üç katılım bankası ile üç mevduat bankası örneklem olarak seçilmiştir.
Bulgular: Seçilen bankaların 2018 ve 2021 yılları arasındaki sermeye yeterliliği, aktif kalitesi, likidite ve kârlılığa dayalı performansları incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucuna göre; Kuveyt Türk, QNB Finansbank ve Türkiye Finans’ın salgın sürecinden olumlu etkilenip analiz sonucundaki sıralamalarının yükseldiği, ING Bank ve Türk Ekonomi Bankası’nın ise olumsuz etkilenip sıralamalarının gerilediği görülmektedir.
Sınırlılıklar: COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde bankaların finansal performanslarının nasıl etkilendiğinin ortaya konulduğu bu çalışmanın en önemli kısıtı halen pandemi sürecinin devam etmesidir.
Özgünlük/Değer: Ekonomiyi derinden etkileyen COVID-19’un bankaları ne derece etkilediği merak konusu olmuştur. Çünkü finansal piyasaların en önemli kurumlarından biri bankalardır. Çalışma önemli ve merak edilen bir konuya açıklık getirmektedir. Literatürde var olan bu önemli boşluğu doldurması araştırmanın özgün değerini oluşturmaktadır.
Halkların Kendi Kaderini Tayin Hakkı ve Cezayir Bağımsızlık Savaşı (1954-1962)
Authors: Güneş Burak
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, Cezayir bağımsızlık savaşını, halkların kendi kaderini tayin hakkı çerçevesinde incelemektir.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Araştırmada, tarih biliminin araştırma yöntemine uygun olarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden belge analizine ve uluslararası hukuk alanına özgü hukuksaal pozitivizme ve doktrinel araştırma yöntemine başvurulmuştur.
Bulgular: İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında, self-determinasyon hakkının kazanılmasında, Cezayir’in bağımsızlık mücadelesinde olduğu gibi halkların büyük özveri ve mücadelelerinin payının büyük olduğu mütalaa edilebilir. Zira sömürge imparatoluklarının çekilmesi -kimi istisnalar hariç olmak kaydıyla- ancak ve ancak büyük mücadelelerin sonucunda meydana gelmiştir.
Sınırlılıklar: Çalışma sadece self-determinasyon hakkı ve Cezayir bağımsızlık savaşına odaklanmış; İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın bitimini takip eden süreçte, diğer bağımsızlık mücadelelerine değinmemiştir.
Özgünlük/Değer: Diğer sömürgeci devletlere nazaran Fransız sömürgecliği, doğrudan yönetim ilkesini benimseyerek, sömürge altında tuttuğu halkların asimilasyonuna dair politikalar izlemiştir. Bu da Fransa sömürgelrrinin bağımsızlıklarının, diğer sömürgeci devletlere nazaran çatışmalı geçmesini sağlamaktadır. Cezayir, bu iddianın örneklerinden birisini oluşturmaktadır.
Türkiye'de Yenilenebilir ve Geleneksel Enerji Şirketlerinin Finansal Performans Karşılaştırması: DuPont Analizi Yaklaşımı
Authors: Özçelik Musa
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yenilenebilir ve geleneksel enerji şirketlerinin finansal performanslarını DuPont Analizi yöntemiyle karşılaştırarak çeşitli finansal göstergeler açısından değerlendirmektir.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Çalışmanın veri seti, kurulu güç bakımından en büyük özel sektör enerji şirketleri arasında yer alan ve Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören şirketlerden oluşmaktadır. Bu kapsamda elektrik enerjisi üreten yedi enerji şirketi belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ilgili şirketlerin 2020-2023 dönem aralığındaki yıllık mali tablolarından elde edilen veriler DuPont Analizi ile incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmanın bulgularına göre yenilenebilir enerji şirketlerinin yüksek net kâr marjlarına rağmen düşük aktif devir hızlarına sahip olduğu, geleneksel enerji şirketlerinin ise son yıllarda finansal performanslarının gerilediği görülmektedir. En başarılı enerji şirketi, kurulu gücü hem geleneksel hem de yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından oluşan ENJSA olarak görülse de benzer enerji şirketlerinin en kötü finansal performansı sergilediği de dikkat çekmektedir. Bu bulgular, enerji sektöründeki çeşitlendirme stratejilerinin dikkatli yönetilmesi gerektiğini ve uzun vadeli enerji politikalarının oluşturulmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır.
Sınırlılıklar: Kurulu güç bakımından büyük enerji şirketlerinin birçoğu borsada işlem görmediği için bu şirketlerin finansal verilerine erişim sağlanamamıştır. Veri setinde yer alan yedi şirketin geriye dönük kesintisiz dört yıllık verilerine ulaşılabilmiştir. Bu durum, çalışmanın sınırlılığını oluşturmaktadır.
Özgünlük/Değer: Bu çalışma, enerji sektöründe yaşanan dönüşümün finansal boyutunu inceleyerek enerji sektöründeki dönüşüm sürecinde şirket yöneticileri ve politika yapıcılar için ipuçları sağlayabilir.
Kamu Harcamaları ve Enflasyon İlişkisinin Ampirik Analizi: Türkiye Örneği (2008:M1 - 2023:M12)
Authors: Tuncer Güner , Yıldız Fazlı
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de 2008M1:2023M12 döneminde kamu harcamalarının enflasyon üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Araştırmada uzun dönem ARDL eşbütünleşme analizi ve kısa dönem hata düzeltme modeli uygulanmış olup ayrıca Toda ve Yamamoto nedensellik testi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Uzun dönem ARDL eşbütünleşme analizi ve kısa dönem hata düzeltme modeli sonuçlarında kamu harcamaları (KH), döviz kuru (DK) ve bankacılık sektörünün hane halkına yönelik kullandırdıkları krediler (KRD) ile enflasyon oranı (ENF) değişkenleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, araştırmada Toda ve Yamamoto (1995) nedensellik testi sonuçlarında, enflasyon oranı ile kamu harcamaları, döviz kuru ve bankacılık sektörü hane halkı kredi kullanımı değişkenleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir.
Sınırlılıklar: Değişkenlerin aylık veriler şeklinde analiz edilmesi veriler arasında zaman senkronizasyonunu zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu nedenle analiz başlangıç dönemi olarak 2008 seçilmiştir.
Özgünlük/Değer: Türkiye ekonomisinin yeniden en önemli makroekonomik problemi olan enflasyon sorununun analiz edilmesi literatüre güncel bir katkı sağlayarak araştırmanın özgün değerini oluşturmaktadır.
Social Behavior Analysis Theory of Children in the Transition Period from Home to School: Studi Literature Review
Authors: Ningrum Sri Utami , Dwi Utami Ade , Sumadi Tjipto
Published: November 2024

This study aims to identify and analyze the social behavior of children during the transition from home to school environments. The study utilizes a literature review method encompassing the ELSEVIER, Sage Journals, ResearchGate, and Taylor & Francis databases. It examines various literature on children's social behavior during the transition period, the role of parents, and the role of teachers during the transition from home to school. The findings of this review are contextualized within the broader framework of early childhood social behavior. The research findings indicate that while a number of studies have investigated children's social behavior during the transition period, there is still a lack of comprehensive empirical understanding. This study highlights the need for further research that focuses on a comprehensive understanding of children's social behavior during this transition period to support optimal social and academic development in children. Furthermore, this study also emphasizes the importance of intervention strategies that can help children navigate environmental changes more effectively.
Assessment of RBC Antibody Frequencies and Comparison of Screening and Identification Techniques Used in a Tertiary Hospital in the Philippines
Authors: Rosario Margarita Rae , Patag Joaquin Antonio , Santiago Rex Michael
Published: November 2024

Background. Pre-transfusion testing is done to avoid transfusion morbidity from unexpected RBC antibodies. Available commercial kits from Western brands may not consider racial differences in antibody frequencies between East/Southeast Asians and Western populations. The limited number of blood banks in the Philippines precludes research on RBC antibody screening and identification in the country.
Objective. This study aimed to compare RBC antibody screening and identification methods in patients at a tertiary hospital in the Philippines, assess the frequency of major blood group antibodies using both techniques, and review clinical histories of discrepant and nonspecific cases.
Methodology. Retrospective review showed 118 cases with both screening and identification tests using both conventional tube-based technique and column agglutination or gel-based technique. Antibody frequencies and discrepant or nonspecific results were recorded. Concordance rates were calculated, and differences between the two methods were analyzed using 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Clinical histories of discrepant and nonspecific cases were also reviewed.
Results. The most frequent major blood group was Rh (41 cases or 34.7%), followed by MNS (34 cases or 28.8%) and Kidd (15 cases or 12.7%). The most common antibody was Anti-E (24 cases or 20.3%), followed by Anti-Mia (19 cases or 16.1%), and Anti-M and Anti-c (12 cases each, or 10.2% each). The concordance rate for screening was statistically significant at 72%. Concordance rate for identification was 59.3%, with significant difference in identifying Anti-Mia. Clinical histories for discrepant or nonspecific cases showed previous transfusions, pregnancy, lymphoproliferative conditions, and certain medications.
Conclusion. Statistically significant differences between the two methods were found, with the gel-based technique identifying more Anti-Mia cases. Negative results from the tube-based method do not fully exclude Anti-Mia. These discrepancies highlight the benefit of using both methods for comprehensive RBC antibody screening and identification, done as a complement to the other.
Developing an ‘ePortfolio of Evidence’ Towards Employment and Registration for Early Childhood Teachers
Authors: Roberts Pauline , Menzel Leonie , Adkin Bev , Barblett Lennie
Published: November 2024

ePortfolios have been in use in Initial Teacher Education (ITE) courses for many years. The link to employability has been part of these initiatives, however, recent concerns over workforce and employment requires additional focus to ensure the ongoing sustainability of the ePortfolio. Ensuring teachers are ‘classroom ready’ led to increased pressure on pre-service teachers (PSTs) to demonstrate achievement of the Australian Professional Standards for Teachers (APST) (Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership, 2017). The goal of this project was to explore and influence PST’s thinking towards the ePortfolio through changes in practice. The research entailed a rapid systematic review of ePortfolio practice towards employment and registration; an online survey of early childhood PSTs to identify their use of the ePortfolio; implementation of improved programs to scaffold the completion of the ePortfolio; and examination of Learning Management System Discussions from graduating PSTs to identify the benefits or changes resulting from the scaffolding processes. Although PSTs recognised that the ePortfolio should be augmented across the degree, many did not feel the need to fully engage with the platform before the submission of the ePortfolio was required for assessment. Many PSTs still appeared unaware of the connection of the ePortfolio to future employment and registration requirements.
Observation of switchable polar skyrmion bubbles down to the atomic layers in van der Waals ferroelectric CuInP2S6
Authors: Xue Fei , Zhang Chenhui , Zheng Sizheng , Tong Peiran , Wang Baoyu , Peng Yong , Wang Zhongyi , Xu Haoran , He Youshui , Zhou Hongzhi , Wang Nan , Han Peng , Yuan Youyou , Ma Yinchang , Huan Chu , Zhang Senfu , Chen Hongliang , Zhu Haiming , Xu Yang , Yu Bin , Sun Jian , Wang Hua , Chen Peng , Gao Xingsen , Chang Kai , Tian He , Wang Jie , Zhang Xixiang
Published: November 2024

Polar skyrmions are topologically nontrivial polarization textures that demonstrate exotic physical phenomena and novel memory applications1-9. Thus far, these textures have primarily been reported in oxide-ferroelectric-based epitaxial heterostructures because their stabilization requires an elastic energy penalty from the epitaxial strains3-8. Here, without the epitaxial-strain engineering, we discover polar skyrmion bubbles in stand-alone van der Waals ferroelectric CuInP2S6 crystal through the combination of piezoelectric force microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and phase-field simulations. In a thick CuInP2S6 flake of over ~100 nm, skyrmion bubbles feature an elliptical hedgehog-like state with center-divergent or center-convergent configurations. Progressively thinning the flake thickness to ~8 nm allows a topological transition from elliptical to circular skyrmionic patterns. Interestingly, the skyrmions can be switched with the change in helicity by probe-applied electrical and mechanical stimuli, which is distinct from the creation and annihilation of other reported skyrmions. Both theoretical and experimental data proves that the formation and thickness-dependence of skyrmion textures primarily stem from charge-related energy penalty. This work opens up a new material system (i.e., two-dimensional layered ferroionic materials) for exploring uncharted polar-topology physics and prospective neuromorphic devices.
Welding of Additively Manufactured Aluminium Alloy Components: Challenges and Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Nunes Rafael , Faes Koen , Verlinde Wim , Probst Florian , De Freese Jens , Arnhold Julius , De Waele Wim , Lezaack Matthieu , Simar Aude
Published: November 2024

Additive manufacturing (AM) has contributed to significant advances in the production of aluminium alloys, particularly through powder bed fusion (PBF) and directed energy deposition (DED) processes. However, joining of conventionally and additively manufactured components remains essential. This work focuses on the weldability of AM aluminium alloys using fusion and solid-state welding processes. The study analyses the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties, revealing a relationship between AM technology and joining process. In particular, fusion welding of PBF-LB produced aluminium alloys presented a significant limitation due to the high porosity level, especially in the weld zone near the PBF-LB base material. This region of high porosity, known as the pore belt region, has an enormous detrimental effect on the mechanical properties of the weld. This phenomenon is not observed when the welds are carried out by solid-state welding processes, which makes this group of welding processes very suitable for this type of material. On the other hand, fusion welding of aluminium alloys produced by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (DED-Arc or WAAM) exhibits a good stability and repeatability, analogous to conventional aluminium alloy welding practices. Rotational friction welding of DED-Arc-produced components presented an unexpected challenge. Due to the difference in ductility compared to conventionally manufactured parts, the process window for optimal process pressure was found to be very narrow and sensitive. The findings are confirmed by metallographic examination, hardness profile measurement, tensile and bend testing.