bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulating the effect of ankle plantarflexion and inversion-eversion exoskeleton torques on center of mass kinematics during walking
Authors: Bianco Nicholas A. , Collins Steven H. , Liu Karen , Delp Scott L.
Published: August 2023

Walking balance is central to independent mobility, and falls due to loss of balance are a leading cause of death for people 65 years of age and older. Bipedal gait is typically unstable, but healthy humans use corrective torques to counteract perturbations and stabilize gait. Exoskeleton assistance could benefit people with neuromuscular deficits by providing stabilizing torques at lower-limb joints to replace lost muscle strength and sensorimotor control. However, it is unclear how applied exoskeleton torques translate to changes in walking kinematics. This study used musculoskeletal simulation to investigate how exoskeleton torques applied to the ankle and subtalar joints alter center of mass kinematics during walking. We first created muscle-driven walking simulations using OpenSim Moco by tracking experimental kinematics and ground reaction forces recorded from five healthy adults. We then used forward integration to simulate the effect of exoskeleton torques applied to the ankle and subtalar joints while keeping muscle excitations fixed based on our previous tracking simulation results. Exoskeleton torque lasted for 15% of the gait cycle and was applied between foot-flat and toe-off during the stance phase, and changes in center of mass kinematics were recorded when the torque application ended. We found that changes in center of mass kinematics were dependent on both the type and timing of exoskeleton torques. Plantarflexion torques produced upward and backward changes in velocity of the center of mass in mid-stance and upward and smaller forward velocity changes near toe-off. Eversion and inversion torques primarily produced lateral and medial changes in velocity in mid-stance, respectively. Intrinsic muscle properties reduced kinematic changes from exoskeleton torques. Our results provide mappings between ankle plantarflexion and inversion-eversion torques and changes in center of mass kinematics which can inform designers building exoskeletons aimed at stabilizing balance during walking. Our simulations and software are freely available and allow researchers to explore the effects of applied torques on balance and gait.
Modeling the kinetics of the neutralizing antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 variants after several administrations of Bnt162b2
Authors: Clairon Quentin , Prague Mélanie , Planas Delphine , Bruel Timothée , Hocqueloux Laurent , Prazuck Thierry , Schwartz Olivier , Thiébaut Rodolphe , Guedj Jérémie
Published: August 2023

Because SARS-CoV-2 constantly mutates to escape from the immune response, there is a reduction of neutralizing capacity of antibodies initially targeting the historical strain against emerging Variants of Concern (VoC)s. That is why the measure of the protection conferred by vaccination cannot solely rely on the antibody levels, but also requires to measure their neutralization capacity. Here we used a mathematical model to follow the humoral response in 26 individuals that received up to three vaccination doses of Bnt162b2 vaccine, and for whom both anti-S IgG and neutralization capacity was measured longitudinally against all main VoCs. Our model could identify two independent mechanisms that led to a marked increase in measured humoral response over the successive vaccination doses. In addition to the already known increase in IgG levels after each dose, we identified that the neutralization capacity was significantly increased after the third vaccine administration against all VoCs, despite large inter-individual variability. Consequently, the model projects that the mean duration of detectable neutralizing capacity against non-Omicron VoC is between 348 days (Beta variant, 95% Prediction Intervals PI [307; 389]) and 587 days (Alpha variant, 95% PI [537; 636]). Despite the low neutralization levels after three doses, the mean duration of detectable neutralizing capacity against Omicron variants varies between 173 days (BA.5 variant, 95% PI [142; 200]) and 256 days (BA.1 variant, 95% PI [227; 286]). Our model shows the benefit of incorporating the neutralization capacity in the follow-up of patients to better inform on their level of protection against the different SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Trial registration: This clinical trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, Trial IDs NCT04750720 and NCT05315583.
Geometry of population activity in spiking networks with low-rank structure
Authors: Cimeša Ljubica , Ciric Lazar , Ostojic Srdjan
Published: August 2023

Recurrent network models are instrumental in investigating how behaviorally-relevant computations emerge from collective neural dynamics. A recently developed class of models based on low-rank connectivity provides an analytically tractable framework for understanding of how connectivity structure determines the geometry of low-dimensional dynamics and the ensuing computations. Such models however lack some fundamental biological constraints, and in particular represent individual neurons in terms of abstract units that communicate through continuous firing rates rather than discrete action potentials. Here we examine how far the theoretical insights obtained from low-rank rate networks transfer to more biologically plausible networks of spiking neurons. Adding a low-rank structure on top of random excitatory-inhibitory connectivity, we systematically compare the geometry of activity in networks of integrate-and-fire neurons to rate networks with statistically equivalent low-rank connectivity. We show that the mean-field predictions of rate networks allow us to identify low-dimensional dynamics at constant population-average activity in spiking networks, as well as novel non-linear regimes of activity such as out-of-phase oscillations and slow manifolds. We finally exploit these results to directly build spiking networks that perform nonlinear computations.
Evolutionary dynamics on sequential temporal networks
Authors: Sheng Anzhi , Li Aming , Wang Long
Published: August 2023

Population structure is a well-known catalyst for the evolution of cooperation and has traditionally been considered to be static in the course of evolution. Conversely, real-world populations, such as microbiome communities and online social networks, frequently show a progression from tiny, active groups to huge, stable communities, which is insufficient to be captured by constant structures. Here, we propose sequential temporal networks to characterize growing networked populations, and we extend the theory of evolutionary games to these temporal networks with arbitrary structures and growth rules. We derive analytical rules under which a sequential temporal network has a higher fixation probability for cooperation than its static counterpart. Under neutral drift, the rule is simply a function of the increment of nodes and edges in each time step. But if the selection is weak, the rule is related to coalescence times on networks. In this case, we propose a mean-field approximation to calculate fixation probabilities and critical benefit-to-cost ratios with lower calculation complexity. Numerical simulations in empirical datasets also prove the cooperation-promoting effect of population growth. Our research stresses the significance of population growth in the real world and provides a high-accuracy approximation approach for analyzing the evolution in real-life systems.
Coping with drug resistant tuberculosis alongside COVID-19 and other stressors in Zimbabwe: A qualitative study
Authors: Timire Collins , Kranzer Katharina , Pedrazzoli Debora , Kavenga Fungai , Kasozi Samuel , Mbiba Fredrick , Bond Virginia
Published: August 2023

Households in low-resource settings are more vulnerable to events which adversely affect their livelihoods, including shocks e.g. death of family members, droughts and more recently COVID-19. Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) is another shock that inflicts physical, psychological and socioeconomic burden on individuals and households. We describe experiences and coping strategies among people affected by DR-TB and their households in Zimbabwe during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2020–2021. We purposively selected 16 adults who had just completed or were completing treatment for DR-TB for in-depth interviews. We transcribed audio-recordings verbatim and translated the transcripts into English. Data were coded both manually and using NVivo 12 (QSR International), and were analysed thematically. Health seeking from providers outside the public sector, extra-pulmonary TB and health system factors resulted in delayed DR-TB diagnosis and treatment and increased financial drain on households. DR-TB reduced productive capacity and narrowed job opportunities leading to income loss that continued even after completion of treatment. Household livelihood was further adversely affected by lockdowns due to COVID-19, outbreaks of bird flu and cattle disease. Stockouts of DR-TB medicines, common during COVID-19, exacerbated loss of productive time and transport costs as medication had to be accessed from other clinics. Reversible coping strategies included: reducing number of meals; relocating in search of caregivers and/or family support; spending savings; negotiating with school authorities to keep children in school. Some households adopted irreversible coping strategies e.g. selling productive assets and withdrawing children from school. DR-TB combined with COVID-19 and other stressors and pushed households into deeper poverty and vulnerability. Multisectoral approaches that combine health systems and socioeconomic interventions are crucial to mitigate diagnostic delays and suffering, and meaningfully support people with DR-TB and their households to compensate the loss of livelihoods during and post DR-TB treatment.
Association between early preterm birth and maternal exposure to fine particular matter (PM10): A nation-wide population-based cohort study using machine learning
Authors: Choi Eun-Saem , Lee Jue Seong , Hwang Yujin , Lee Kwang-Sig , Ahn Ki Hoon
Published: August 2023

Although preterm birth (PTB), a birth before 34 weeks of gestation accounts for only less than 3% of total births, it is a critical cause of various perinatal morbidity and mortality. Several studies have been conducted on the association between maternal exposure to PM and PTB, but the results were inconsistent. Moreover, no study has analyzed the risk of PM on PTB among women with cardiovascular diseases, even though those were thought to be highly susceptible to PM considering the cardiovascular effect of PM. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of PM10 on early PTB according to the period of exposure, using machine learning with data from Korea National Health Insurance Service (KNHI) claims. Furthermore, we conducted subgroup analysis to compare the risk of PM on early PTB among pregnant women with cardiovascular diseases and those without. A total of 149,643 primiparous singleton women aged 25 to 40 years who delivered babies in 2017 were included. Random forest feature importance and SHAP (Shapley additive explanations) value were used to identify the effect of PM10 on early PTB in comparison with other well-known contributing factors of PTB. AUC and accuracy of PTB prediction model using random forest were 0.9988 and 0.9984, respectively. Maternal exposure to PM10 was one of the major predictors of early PTB. PM10 concentration of 5 to 7 months before delivery, the first and early second trimester of pregnancy, ranked high in feature importance. SHAP value showed that higher PM10 concentrations before 5 to 7 months before delivery were associated with an increased risk of early PTB. The probability of early PTB was increased by 7.73%, 10.58%, or 11.11% if a variable PM10 concentration of 5, 6, or 7 months before delivery was included to the prediction model. Furthermore, women with cardiovascular diseases were more susceptible to PM10 concentration in terms of risk for early PTB than those without cardiovascular diseases. Maternal exposure to PM10 has a strong association with early PTB. In addition, in the context of PTB, pregnant women with cardiovascular diseases are a high-risk group of PM10 and the first and early second trimester is a high-risk period of PM10.
SliDL: A toolbox for processing whole-slide images in deep learning
Authors: Berman Adam G. , Orchard William R. , Gehrung Marcel , Markowetz Florian
Published: August 2023

The inspection of stained tissue slides by pathologists is essential for the early detection, diagnosis and monitoring of disease. Recently, deep learning methods for the analysis of whole-slide images (WSIs) have shown excellent performance on these tasks, and have the potential to substantially reduce the workload of pathologists. However, WSIs present a number of unique challenges for analysis, requiring special consideration of image annotations, slide and image artefacts, and evaluation of WSI-trained model performance. Here we introduce SliDL, a Python library for performing pre- and post-processing of WSIs. SliDL makes WSI data handling easy, allowing users to perform essential processing tasks in a few simple lines of code, bridging the gap between standard image analysis and WSI analysis. We introduce each of the main functionalities within SliDL: from annotation and tile extraction to tissue detection and model evaluation. We also provide ‘code snippets’ to guide the user in running SliDL. SliDL has been designed to interact with PyTorch, one of the most widely used deep learning libraries, allowing seamless integration into deep learning workflows. By providing a framework in which deep learning methods for WSI analysis can be developed and applied, SliDL aims to increase the accessibility of an important application of deep learning.
How does fintech affect bank efficiency in Taiwan?
Authors: Liao Chang-Sheng
Published: August 2023

This study investigates the impact of financial technology (fintech) on bank efficiency in Taiwan from 2007 to 2020, using parametric and non-parametric analyses. In the future, fintech is expected to play an important role in bank sustainability operations. The findings show that fintech-related initiatives affect bank efficiency. These results illustrate how fintech can help banks directly or indirectly improve their efficiency, leading to higher profits or lower costs. For instance, mobile payment systems, a fintech-related initiative, improve bank efficiency. However, this degree of improvement is not substantial. In general, the findings imply that fintech-related initiatives do not significantly improve bank efficiency, implying an IT “productivity paradox.”
Proteomic insight into human directed selection of the domesticated chicken Gallus gallus.
Authors: Schmidt Carl J. , Kim Dong Kyun , Pendarvis G Ken , Abasht Behnam , McCarthy Fiona M.
Published: August 2023

Chicken domestication began at least 3,500 years ago for purposes of divination, cockfighting, and food. Prior to industrial scale chicken production, domestication selected larger birds with increased egg production. In the mid-20th century companies began intensive selection with the broiler (meat) industry focusing on improved feed conversion, rapid growth, and breast muscle yield. Here we present proteomic analysis comparing the modern broiler line, Ross 708, with the UIUC legacy line which is not selected for growth traits. Breast muscle proteome analysis identifies cellular processes that have responded to human directed artificial selection. Mass spectrometry was used to identify protein level differences in the breast muscle of 6-day old chicks from Modern and Legacy lines. Our results indicate elevated levels of stress proteins, ribosomal proteins and proteins that participate in the innate immune pathway in the Modern chickens. Furthermore, the comparative analyses indicated expression differences for proteins involved in multiple biochemical pathways. In particular, the Modern line had elevated levels of proteins affecting the pentose phosphate pathway, TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation while proteins involved in the first phase of glycolysis were reduced compared to the Legacy line. These analyses provide hypotheses linking the morphometric changes driven by human directed selection to biochemical pathways. These results also have implications for the poultry industry, specifically Wooden Breast disease which is linked to rapid breast muscle growth.
The role of EII complex in the bacterial responses to the glucose-survey in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates
Authors: Horng Yu-Tze , Panjaitan Novaria Sari Dewi , Tsai Yi-Jhen , Su Pin-Wei , Yang Hung-Chi , Soo Po-Chi
Published: August 2023

Type 3 fimbriae in Klebsiella pneumoniae are important for bacterial colonization on abiotic and biotic surfaces. The major subunit of type 3 fimbriae (MrkA) is increased by overexpression of EtcABC, an EII complex of phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase systems (PTSs), through cAMP-cAMP receptor protein (cAMP-CRP) in K. pneumoniae STU1. Here, we further characterized the relations between the amount of etcABC mRNA and MrkA in 78 clinical K. pneumoniae isolates incubated in high levels of glucose. By Western blotting, we observed that MrkA of 29 isolates were not decreased much by high levels of glucose (Group A) but MrkA of other 49 isolates were significantly reduced (Group B) in the same condition. The bacterial biofilms on abiotic surfaces and colonization in the Caenorhabditis elegans of representative isolates in the Group A were not affected by high levels of glucose. However, the biofilm and colonization in the worm of clinical isolates in the Group B were much reduced by high levels of glucose. After quantification by real time RT-PCR, 76% of Group A but just 10% of Group B showed high amount of etcA mRNA. In summary, our results suggested that for most of K. pneumoniae clinical isolates, the amount of etcABC mRNA was positively related to their type 3 fimbriae production in a high level of glucose, thereby to their biofilm formation and colonization in the worm.
Expanding the FurC (PerR) regulon in Anabaena (Nostoc) sp. PCC 7120: Genome-wide identification of novel direct targets uncovers FurC participation in central carbon metabolism regulation
Authors: Sarasa-Buisan Cristina , Guío Jorge , Peleato M. Luisa , Fillat María F. , Sevilla Emma
Published: August 2023

FurC (PerR, Peroxide Response Regulator) fromAnabaenasp. PCC 7120 (also known asNostocsp. PCC 7120) is a master regulator engaged in the modulation of relevant processes including the response to oxidative stress, photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. Previous differential gene expression analysis of afurC-overexpressing strain (EB2770FurC) allowed the inference of a putative FurC DNA-binding consensus sequence. In the present work, more data concerning the regulon of the FurC protein were obtained through the searching of the putative FurC-box in the wholeAnabaenasp. PCC 7120 genome. The total amount of novel FurC-DNA binding sites found in the promoter regions of genes with known function was validated by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) identifying 22 new FurC targets. Some of these identified targets display relevant roles in nitrogen fixation (hetRandhgdC) and carbon assimilation processes (cmpR,glgP1andopcA), suggesting that FurC could be an additional player for the harmonization of carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. Moreover, differential gene expression of a selection of newly identified FurC targets was measured by Real Time RT-PCR in thefurC-overexpressing strain (EB2770FurC) comparing toAnabaenasp. PCC 7120 revealing that in most of these cases FurC could act as a transcriptional activator.
Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging after experimental moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: A longitudinal correlative assessment of structural and cerebral blood flow changes
Authors: Sanchez-Molano Juliana , Blaya Meghan O. , Padgett Kyle R. , Moreno William J. , Zhao Weizhao , Dietrich W. Dalton , Bramlett Helen M.
Published: August 2023

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a worldwide problem that results in death or disability for millions of people every year. Progressive neurological complications and long-term impairment can significantly disrupt quality of life. We demonstrated the feasibility of multiple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities to investigate and predict aberrant changes and progressive atrophy of gray and white matter tissue at several acute and chronic time points after moderate and severe parasagittal fluid percussion TBI. T2-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and perfusion weighted imaging (PWI) were performed. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were imaged sequentially on days 3, 14, and 1, 4, 6, 8, and 12 months following surgery. TBI caused dynamic white and gray matter alterations with significant differences in DTI values and injury-induced alterations in cerebral blood flow (CBF) as measured by PWI. Regional abnormalities after TBI were observed in T2-weighted images that showed hyperintense cortical lesions and significant cerebral atrophy in these hyperintense areas 1 year after TBI. Temporal DTI values indicated significant injury-induced changes in anisotropy in major white matter tracts, the corpus callosum and external capsule, and in gray matter, the hippocampus and cortex, at both early and chronic time points. These alterations were primarily injury-severity dependent with severe TBI exhibiting a greater degree of change relative to uninjured controls. PWI evaluating CBF revealed sustained global reductions in the cortex and in the hippocampus at most time points in an injury-independent manner. We next sought to investigate prognostic correlations across MRI metrics, timepoints, and cerebral pathology, and found that diffusion abnormalities and reductions in CBF significantly correlated with specific vulnerable structures at multiple time points, as well as with the degree of cerebral atrophy observed 1 year after TBI. This study further supports using DTI and PWI as a means of prognostic imaging for progressive structural changes after TBI and emphasizes the progressive nature of TBI damage.
Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 18 No. 6, November 2022
Authors: Editors Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
Published: August 2023

This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page, and back cover of the Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 6, November 2022
Editorial
Authors: Wohlmuth Petr
Published: August 2023

Editorial
Acylated Ghrelin Administration Inhibits Sleeve Gastrectomy - Induced Hippocampal Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Tau-Hyperphosphorylation by Activating the PI3K/Akt Pathway
Authors: Morsy Mohamed Darwesh , Alsaleem M. A. , Aboonq M. S. , Bashir S. O. , Al-Daher H. A.
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the impact of exogenous replacement therapy with acylated ghrelin (AG) post sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on the memory function in rats. In addition, we investigated the possible underlying mechanisms, including the effects on markers of oxidative stress, tau phosphorylation, and apoptosis. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (N = 18/group) as follows: sham (control), SG, SG+AG (100 μM), and SG+AG+LY294002 (0.25 μg/100 g). We continued all treatments daily for four weeks post-surgery. SG impaired the spatial, retention, and recognition memories as tested by the Morris water maze test, passive avoidance test, and novel object recognition test, respectively. Also, it enhanced the levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides, reduced glutathione and protein levels of Bcl-2, and increased the levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 in the hippocampus. In addition, SG reduced the hippocampal levels of acetylcholine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Concomitantly, it inhibited the hippocampal activity of Akt and increased the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β and tau protein phosphorylation. Exogenous administration of acylated ghrelin to rats that had undergone SG prevented memory deficits. Also, it prevented the alteration in the above-mentioned biochemical parameters, an effect that was abolished by co-administration of LY294002 (phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor). In conclusion, AG replacement therapy after SG in rats protects them against memory deficits and hippocampal damage by suppressing tau protein phosphorylation, mediated by activating PI3K/Aktinduced inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β.
Sources Online: Eine nachhaltige Infrastruktur für digitale wissenschaftliche Texteditionen auf der Grundlage von TEI Publisher und IIIF
Authors: Kränzle Andreas , Ritter Gerold , Sieber Christian
Published: August 2023

Der Beitrag zeigt auf, wie in den letzten Jahren auf Initiative verschiedener Stakeholder eine selbsttragende, kollaborativ organisierte Infrastruktur für digitale wissenschaftliche Texteditionen aufgebaut wurde, die den Prinzipien von Standardisierung und Nachhaltigkeit verpflichtet ist. Eine wachsende Zahl von Institutionen und Projekten nutzt das Angebot, wie am Beispiel des Staatsarchivs des Kantons Zürich aufgezeigt wird. Thematisiert wird auch die Kostenfrage.
Towards Research Software-ready Libraries
Authors: Druskat Stephan , Bertuch Oliver , Struck Alexander
Published: August 2023

Software is increasingly acknowledged as valid research output. Academic libraries adapt to this change to become research software-ready. Software publication and citation are key areas in this endeavor. We present and discuss the current state of the practice of software publication and software citation, and discuss four areas of activity that libraries engage in: (1) technical infrastructure, (2) training and support, (3) software management and curation, (4) policies.
Klimawandel und Schädlinge in Bibliotheken und Archiven
Authors: Querner Pascal
Published: August 2023

Schädlingsprävention und -bekämpfung (IPM) ist ein Teil der präventiven Konservierung, und auch in Bibliotheken und Archiven ist der Schutz der Objekte und Materialien vor einem Befall und Schaden durch Insekten, Schimmel und Nager eine wichtige Maßnahme, um die Sammlung für zukünftige Generationen zu erhalten. In diesem Beitrag wird auf die wichtigsten Bestandteile des IPM-Konzeptes eingegangen, dazu gehören ein Monitoring, Quarantäne, eine gute Reinigung, Abdichtung des Gebäudes, eine Schulung der Mitarbeitenden, möglichst giftfreie Bekämpfungsmethoden und ein möglichst kühles Innenklima. Letzteres wird durch den Klimawandel schon jetzt beeinflusst, und in der Zukunft können höhere Temperaturen, Starkregenereignisse und neue eingeschleppte Schädlinge neue Herausforderungen für Bibliotheken und Archive sein. Besonders historische Bibliotheken, ohne ein reguliertes Innenklima, stehen vor großen Herausforderungen, und neue Arten wie das Papierfischchen haben in den letzten Jahren schon zu vielen Problemen geführt. Neue Methoden in der Bekämpfung, aber auch Detektion werden vorgestellt.
Tanshinone IIA alleviates chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Xu Jin , Zhi Xiaocheng , Zhang Yunhui , Ding Ren
Published: August 2023

Articular cartilage degeneration caused by chondrocyte damage is the primary pathological mechanism of osteoarthritis (OA). Oxidative stress is correlated with chondrocyte injury by potentiating ferroptosis, a newly identified form of cell death. Given the effects of Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) on alleviating oxidative stress, we further explored whether Tan IIA inhibited chondrocyte death and cartilage degeneration by decreasing ferroptosis. ATDC5 chondrocytes were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and Tan IIA, and cell viability was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif-5 (ADAMTS5), and type II collagen (Col II) levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR), western blotting, and immunofluorescence (IF) analysis. We demonstrated that Tan IIA treatment prominently increased ATDC5 cell viability and decreased cell apoptosis in the presence of LPS-induced stress. MMP13 and ADAMTS5 expression was increased, and Col II expression was decreased in ATDC5 cells after LPS stimulation, whereas these changes were reversed by Tan IIA. Mechanistically, Tan IIA inhibited LPS-induced ferroptosis in ATDC5 cells, as indicated by decreased levels of iron, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde and increased GSH levels. Importantly, a ferroptosis agonist partially abrogated the effect of Tan IIA on alleviating chondrocyte damage and death. Taken together, these results suggest that Tan IIA ameliorates chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis and may be a potential therapeutic agent for OA.
The Impact of Initial Intellectual Property Decisions of Start-Ups on Innovation Performance
Authors: Li Hong , Gan Mengge , Zhang Yibin
Published: August 2023

We analyze the initial intellectual property (IP) decisions of 336 start-ups in IP-intensive industries in China, distinguishing among patents, trademarks, and IP portfolios. Our empirical results show that the initial IP decisions of start-ups have an impact on their innovation performance. Compared with start-ups that choose trademarks or patents, start-ups that choose IP portfolios have higher financial and non-financial innovation performance. Furthermore, venture capital positively moderates the relationship between initial IP decisions and non-financial innovation performance. VC-backed start-ups that choose IP portfolios are more likely than other start-ups to achieve higher non-financial innovation performance. Finally, strategic planning also plays a role in the relationship. Among the start-ups that choose IP portfolios, those with high strategic planning gain higher non-financial innovation performance. This paper contributes to research on initial IP decisions in entrepreneurial contexts by incorporating IP portfolios to initial IP decisions and uncovering the role of initial IP decisions in innovation performance.
Entropy minimization of GO–Ag/KO cross-hybrid nanofluid over a convectively heated surface
Authors: Lone Showkat Ahmad , Al-Essa Laila A. , Al-Bossly Afrah , Alduais Fuad S. , Ali Farhan , Eldin Sayed M. , Saeed Anwar
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study is to provide numerical solutions to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) cross flow with heat and mass transfer over a stretching sheet in a hybrid nanofluid with suction/injection and convective boundary conditions. This will be accomplished by presenting numeric solutions. Nanoparticles of graphene oxide and silver were suspended in kerosene oil as the base fluid taken into consideration is a nanofluid hybrid. After that, the physical flow problem is modeled as a set of partial differential equations, which are then transformed into an equivalent system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by making use of the relevant similarity transformations. To gain different graphical and numerical results for analyzing the influence of numerous physical restrictions on velocity, heat, and mass profiles, the system of ODEs is solved using the computing power of the Lobatto IIIA technique. The plot of the velocity profile, temperature, concentration, entropy generation and Bejan number with separating magnitude like that power index number (

0.1
<
n
<
2.0

0.1\lt n\lt 2.0

), Weissenberg number (

0.1
<
We
<
1.0

0.1\lt {\rm{We}}\lt 1.0

), Suction/injection (

0.1
<
S
<
1.0

0.1\lt S\lt 1.0

), Magnetic parameter (0.1 < M < 1.0), Biot number (

0.1
<
Bi
<
0.3

0.1\lt {\rm{Bi}}\lt 0.3

), Radiation parameter (

0.1
<
Rd
<
2.0

0.1\lt {\rm{Rd}}\lt 2.0

), Schmidt number (

1.1
<
Sc
<
2.0

1.1\lt {\rm{Sc}}\lt 2.0

), and Chemical reaction parameter (

1.1
<
Sc
<
2.0

1.1\lt {\rm{Sc}}\lt 2.0

). We noted that when the Weissenberg parameter (

We

{\rm{We}}

) increases, the flow speed will increase as well. Also, the increasing values of

M

M

slows the flow speed but the opposite effect is observed in the temperature profile. Moreover, the greater values of

M

M

, We, and S reduced in the local skin friction. It is concluded that hybrid nanofluid is better than ordinary nanofluid by percentage values. The results are used in industry and technology in fluid-based systems with shrinkable or flexible materials, MHD flow meters, pumps, and the drawing of plastic strips. Because hybrid nanoparticles speed up the cooling process, they are important in cutting and production.
Investigations on terthiophene as an electrically conductive polymer for UV laser lithography
Authors: Ziemer Thorben , Ziegmann Gerhard , Rembe Christian
Published: August 2023

Polymers hold great potential for the use in microsensors and organic electronics. They are highly adaptable, easy to process and can contribute new or improved capabilities compared to semiconductors. Direct UV laser lithography also gains increasing attention. Because it avoids expensive photomasks, it is especially attractive where small numbers of specialized microcomponents are needed, like in prototyping. Lithography necessitates materials, which can be shaped by UV radiation. For many microsensor applications, there is the additional requirement of electric conductivity, preferably in the same material. We approached this demand by combining a Novolak and terthiophene doped with copper(II) perchlorate to form an interpenetrating polymer network, which possesses properties of both of its constituents. From this, we manufactured test structures with the UV laser of a micro pattern generator. In previous conference contributions, we showed a first proof of principle. In this publication, we present results of new experiments that demonstrate the characteristics in more detail. We improved our electrical setup to conduct four-terminal measuring. We used it to first verify previous results and investigated the material’s response to alternating currents up to 10 kHz. We then compared the electrical resistivity of differently sized structures for temperatures between 20 and 90 °C and examined long-term stability of their resistance by subjecting samples to temperatures of up to 60 °C for several hours. Additionally, we tested the influence of UV radiation on the resistance. Our samples exhibited good lithographic qualities. Resistivities were around 2 Ω mm and temperature sensitivity up to −407 Ω K−1. UV radiation induced a partially reversible increase of the electric resistance. The long-term stability of the material was temperature-dependent.
Wittgenstein e a expressão de convicções
Authors: Gurgel Diogo de França
Published: August 2023

Em um artigo intitulado “Whether certainty is a form of life”, Elizabeth Wolgast ataca por duas vias diversas a concepção witgensteiniana de proposição gramatical desenvolvida no Da Certeza. Ela acusa Wittgenstein de contradizer certas teses centrais das Investigações Filosóficas, ao estabelecer como significativas proposições sem uso em nossos jogos de linguagem correntes, e denuncia a precariedade da tese, supostamente presente no Da Certeza, de que proposições gramaticais descrevem nosso sistema de crenças. Procuro refutar ambas as objeções por meio de uma apresentação de evidências de que proposições gramaticais podem ter uso efetivo em jogos de linguagem correntes, e da demonstração de que uma mesma proposição pode, a um só tempo, descrever o uso das palavras em uma língua e servir como exemplo (modelo) de uso. Busco apoio no artigo de Debrah Aidun, “Wittgenstein on gramatical propositions”, para efetuar essa investigação sobre o estatuto das proposições gramaticais e faço complementações a seus argumentos de modo a aproximar o último Wittgenstein das pesquisas sobre os atos de fala conforme desenvolvidas por Austin e Searle.
Revolução Kantiana
Authors: Pacheco Gionatan Carlos
Published: August 2023

Resenha do livro Yirmiyahu Yovel,  Kant’s Philosophical Revolution: A Short Guide to the Critique of Pure Reason.
NIETZSCHE E A ARTE COMO TERAPIA DA CULTURA. COMO OPOR RESISTÊNCIA, PARA A SUPERAÇÃO EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Feiler Adilson
Published: August 2023

O pensamento de Nietzsche tem na afirmação a sua ênfase, para a qual as forças constituem o seu diferencial. As forças operam no sentido de estabelecer embates entre oposições e resistências, de modo que, quanto maiores forem as oposições impetradas, maiores as resistências empregadas. A única meta a alcançar é a de pontos sempre mais culminantes de potência, passando pelo enfrentamento do ar cortante das alturas, das caminhadas invernais, do gelo, dos cumes e de toda espécie de sublime maldade. Cada oposição vivida desencadeia uma resposta, que é a de resistência, gerando no organismo um quantum maior de força, tende em vista a sua superação. Assim, de superação em superação, se resiste aos limites que se apresentam em forma de mega acontecimentos a compor os diversos ciclos do retorno. Neste intercambiamento, marcado pela oposição e pela resistência, somente espécimes dotados de ímpeto e disposição fisiológica afirmativa serão capazes de superar, realizando a sua experiência de plenitude alegre e jovial. Estes espécimes, redentores da doença, concebem a filosofia como arte de cura, de modo que a vivência na solidão, para além de fuga da existência, consiste em antídoto promotor da grande saúde.
KIERKEGAARD E AS CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS NO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Teixeira Natalia Mendes
Published: August 2023

O filósofo dinamarquês Søren A. Kierkegaard é frequentemente lido, dentro da própria tradição intérprete, como um crítico das Ciências Naturais (Naturvidenskaben). 1  Neste artigo, pretendo argumentar, ao contrário, que Kierkegaard: (i) foi crítico de uma determinada prática científica do seu tempo epistemicamente frágil e dos cientistas naturais que a adotavam construindo uma proposta judiciosa do papel da Ciência na interpretação do mundo; (ii) interessou-se pelas Ciências Naturais, inclusive pelos trabalhos do seu primo, o paleontólogo Peter Wilhelm Lund, e as pesquisas de Hans Christian Ørsted, um expressivo cientista dinamarquês contemporâneo; (iii) ao criticar os pressupostos metodológicos de Carl Gustav Carus, o primeiro psicólogo a fazer referência à existência do inconsciente, Kierkegaard toma partido no vitalismus-materialismusstreit; (v) Por fim, e talvez mais importante, Kierkegaard propôs limites éticos e epistêmicos à Ciência e inspirou os pressupostos da filosofia da ciência de filósofos contemporâneos como Paul Feyerabend.
Freudianism Philosophie and Gestalt according Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Müller Marcos José
Published: August 2023

In this article I present and discuss a reading hypothesis, according to which, with the purpose of thinking about the genesis of meaning in the lived experience without needing, for that, to resort to the reflexive transparency expedient ensured by the idea of a pure self, Merleau-Ponty promotes a shift in the way of employing the Gestalt notion, which starts to be read from the unconscious drive Freudian theory. Interpreted from psychoanalysis, however, Gestalt's notion would no longer address the lived from a descriptive point of view and would assume a dynamic point of view, which Merleau-Ponty (1964a, p. 165) will call ontological, which, in turn, it will influence the Merleau-Ponty appropriation of psychoanalysis. Beyond anthropology, psychoanalysis, as a gestalt (or ontological) reading of the way the lived is articulated, would become a form of philosophy (MERLEAU-PONTY, 1964a, p. 323), the presentation of Being as a process of differentiation between incarnated signifiers, which would configure a “primary symbolism”. And my greatest interest, with this hypothesis, is to measure to what extent, with this approaching strategy between gestalt and psychoanalytic operators, Merleau-Ponty manages to solve a problem that he himself faced in his way of understanding how it is possible to have singularity in a context of production of spontaneous and generic meanings wholes. This means asking: in what sense the notion of gestalt whole clarifies what is the intimacy that, for example, psychoanalysis believes it can hear from the people?
Financial structure as a component of the company's management accounting system
Authors:   National Technical University ", Davydiuk Tetiana ,   Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Miroshnichenko Tetiana ,   Audit Firm "Factor-Audit"
Published: August 2023

The article defines the importance of building a financial structure for management accounting, the basic principles and approaches in the formation of responsibility centers, analyzes the methods of their formation, considers the classification of their types. Particular attention is paid to taking into account such aspects when building a financial structure such as: defining the type of financial responsibility center, which will act as the top of the financial structure, describing the relationship between them, detailing the hierarchy of responsibility centers, and distributing financial responsibility between the heads of the centers. It has been established what requirements the applicant for the head of the responsibility center must meet, his rights, duties and responsibilities. The emphasis is on the restructuring of the management accounting system in the need to generate information about the centers of responsibility.
Analysis and evaluation of the development of venture structures
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Terletska Viktoria , Chushak-Holoborodko Anna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: August 2023

The article investigates and presents an inexhaustible list of indicators for assessing venture structures. The graph shows the indicators of the state and trends in the development of venture funds in Ukraine, namely: the number of AMCs, AMCs with CII in management and the number of generated CII (those that have reached the norm of minimum assets) for the period 2009-2019; CII, which reached the standard of the minimum amount of assets by type of funds as of 31.12.2019; distribution of CII by types and kinds of funds with a public offer as of 31.12.2019; distribution (share) of assets (by value) in the management of the regions of Ukraine as of 31.12.2019; the share of all CII (by number) by regions of Ukraine as of December 31, 2019; distribution (share) of venture CII (by number) by regions of Ukraine as of 31.12.2019; dynamics of indicators of CII assets in management, GDP, the ratio of CII assets to bank assets and the ratio of CII assets to GDP and others.
Study of Coconut Farming in Supporting Farmers’ Income in Kambowa District, North Buton Regency
Authors: Mawari Mawari , Ersilya Lely
Published: August 2023

Coconut farming research was carried out with the aim of knowing the production process of coconut farming and the amount of its contribution to supporting farmers' income in Kambowa District. This study uses a survey method which is intended to find out the truth conceptually and practically realistically regarding coconut farming in supporting farmers' income. Sampling used the Simple Random Sampling method with homogeneous population limits so that the sample totaled 40 respondents or 10% of the total population of 400 heads of households who carry out coconut farming. Collecting data using observation techniques, questionnaires, interviews and documentation. Data analysis used descriptive quantitative analysis with frequency tables and calculations that only reached the percentage level. Coconut farming is carried out by farmers in a simple way on large areas of land using manual tools and technology, own capital and a small amount of labor, starting from land preparation to post-harvest. The results of coconut farming in Kambowa District average IDR 6,092,500/Ha and these results can provide a significant contribution of 34.72% in supporting farmers' income.
Preparedness for Fire Emergency in the Nutrition Laboratory at University X in Semarang: as a Safety Education for University Students
Authors: S. Laura Marulia , N.R. Nabila Gustin Eka , N. Nisa Trisna , A. Hany Risna , P. Bellinda Annisa , Tangdi Daniel Bendon
Published: August 2023

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) indicates that academic laboratories are 11 times more dangerous than the industrial sectors. The nutrition laboratory is a place that has a high potential to cause fire because there are cooking activities, where these activities are very risky because they deal directly with fire and gas cylinders there. If the gas cylinder has a leak, it can cause a fire risk. This study aims to look at the preparedness of fire disaster management in the Nutrition Laboratory at University X in Semarang city. The research design used in this research was a descriptive qualitative. There were 3 informants, namely the person in charge of the nutrition laboratory and 2 students of the Nutrition Study Program. Data collection techniques used in this research was in-depth interviews. The results showed that the nutrition laboratory at University X in Semarang city already had management related to fire prevention such as the availability of fire extinguishers, evacuation routes, and assembly points. It is recommended that related parties complete active and passive protection systems, improve fire prevention teams, train and socialize, and conduct regular testing of active protection facilities in the Nutrition Laboratory.
“Do not drink with her or with him?” Towards the interpretation of Sirach 9:9
Authors: Sizikov Aleksandr
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the author deals with the problem of Biblical literary criticism on the example of one of the problematic readings of Ben Sira (9:9). The majority of translations of Ben Sira are made either from the Greek sources or from Greek and Hebrew sources, achieving a certain textual compromise. The Greek text is usually corrected on the basis of the Hebrew text, however there are cases where the Hebrew text is corrected on the basis of the Greek one, and the emendations are introduced. Such an approach ignores the fact that Biblical books existed and were transmitted in various recensions, which were altered independently. Therefore, there reconstruction of the common archetype is hardly possible. The example of Ben Sira 9:9 contains a regulation for a young man to drink wine during a banquet, however, this regulation varies in different sources. There are not so many written evidences about banquets in Judea in the time prior to the events described in the Maccabean books, so the Ben Sira is one of the principal sources of information. The Greek text prohibits to drink wine and to talk to a married woman during a banquet, the restriction presupposes a married woman was admitted to such events and to be able to choose freely who to converse with. The Latin sources prohibit to recline with a married woman and to drink wine with her. The Hebrew text advises to avoid drinking wine with a husband and conversing with him. Most of the translations ignore the witness of the Hebrew text, a popular vocalized reconstruction of the original contains an emendation on the basis of the Greek text: the masculine pronoun is replaced with feminine one. The detailed analysis of the pericope Ben Sira 9:1–9 suggests the Hebrew text is apparently primary one, and the Latin and the Greek translations reflect social realties of Roman and Greek banquets respectfully.
LAISVĖS KOVOTOJŲ SLAPYVARDŽIŲ SĄRAŠAS
Authors: Lithuanica Acta Museologica
Published: August 2023

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PRISIMINIMŲ APIE LAISVĖS KOVAS PATEIKĖJŲ RODYKLĖ
Authors: Lithuanica Acta Museologica
Published: August 2023

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