bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of PT Aneka Tambang tbk During Covid Pandemic 19
Authors: Munir Anita
Published: March 2021

This study aims to predict the performance of PT. Aneka Tambang Tbk during the Covid 19 conditions, as a consideration whether to maintain share ownership to continue investing in 2020. The research method used in this study is a descriptive study method. In this study the author used secondary data by taking PT Aneka Tambang, Tbk Financial Report published from 2015-Q32019. The result could be seen that the net profit margin of PT Aneka Tambang Tbk is low. It causes the company's net profit to be unstable. The decrease in sales it will impact PT Aneka Tambang Tbk’s net profit. The volatility of net income makes equity growth not very good. Besides that, the company has an ROE which is still below 10%, which illustrates the company is not very profitable. With the current condition of Covid 19, it is not the right time for shareholders to sell their shares. The author's view is that shareholders should still hold the shares of PT Aneka Tambang Tbk in the hope that nickel prices will increase and will give a positive response to the company. Therefore, shareholders can consider continuing to invest in the long term.
Mercado ¿Libre? en Argentina. La relativa autonomía de los usuarios-proveedores frente a propio su trabajo
Authors: Godoy Agustina Daniela
Published: March 2021

Este ensayo, que tiene lugar en un contexto de auge de las plataformas digitales de consumo y de crecimiento del comercio electrónico, se propone reflexionar acerca de cómo la forma de la tecnología relativiza la autonomía de los usuarios-proveedores de Mercado Libre frente a su propio trabajo y cómo se construyen sus relaciones y sociabilidad. Para ello, se adopta una posición crítica acerca de la relación entre tecnología y sociedad en torno a la función social de las plataformas, el uso de los datos y de algoritmos y el derecho a la desconexión digital. Se exponen los argumentos a través del análisis de dimensiones tales como valores sociales, dimensión política, imaginario social y arquetipo en la memoria colectiva, así como la reconstrucción de los vínculos entre usuario-proveedor y usuario-cliente y usuario-proveedor y plataforma. Esta reflexión cobra relevancia en un escenario de plataformización de la economía que ha centrado el interés de la producción académica en las relaciones de trabajo de plataformas de consumo a demanda y que escasamente se adentra en las de comercio electrónico.
Transport Sustainability Performance Evaluation using a Multi-stage Multi-tool Hybrid Model
Authors: Illahi Ubaid
Published: March 2021

This article proposes a multi-stage and multi-tool hybrid model (MMHM) for evaluating the performance of transportation systems. This model is based on pillars, classes, and indicators. The novelty of MMHM is that the indicators were weighted at three different levels using Principal Component Analysis, Fuzzy Logic, and method of equal weights. The output of the MMHM is an index called Sustainable Mobility Index (SMI). SMI gives the relative performance of transportation systems. MMHM was applied to four metropolitan cities of India. A total of 116 indicators were developed that were divided into ten classes, each corresponding to three sustainability pillars. The results demonstrated that MMHM is useful in ranking the study areas. It also demonstrated that it could be a valuable tool to recognize, track and evaluate the sustainability performance of transportation systems which would be beneficial to transportation evaluators, planners, decision-makers, and policymakers.
Rising Corporate Market Power
Authors: Akcigit Ufuk , Chen Wenjie , Diez Federico , Duval Romain , Engler Philipp , Fan Jiayue , Maggi Chiara , Mendes Tavares Marina , Schwarz Daniel , Shibata Ippei , Villegas-Sánchez Carolina
Published: March 2021

Corporate market power has risen in recent decades, and new estimates in this note suggest that the likely wave of small and medium-sized enterprise bankruptcies from the ongoing pandemic will further strengthen market concentration. Whether and how policymakers should address this issue is hotly debated. This note provides new evidence on the policy relevance of rising market power and highlights possible implications for the design of competition policy frameworks and macroeconomic policies.
Progress on the Fifteenth General Review of Quotas—Report of the Executive Board to the Board of Governors (September 2018)
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: March 2021

Following the guidance on the Board of Governors Resolution No. 72-1 (December 2016), on September 21, 2018, the Executive Board discussed and adopted its third semi-annual report on progress on the Fifteenth Review. The report covered additional issues relating to both the adequacy of Fund resources and the quota formula and realigning quota shares, discussed in an informal meeting on July 30, 2018.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: March 2021

Pre-pandemic, Bosnia and Herzegovina’s (BiH) economy was growing, but at a pace below the more successful countries in Eastern Europe. The pandemic generated a substantial output contraction in 2020. Early in the pandemic, the authorities successfully implemented restrictions to prevent the spread of the virus and took measures to support firms and households. However, the ongoing second wave poses additional challenges. A gradual recovery is expected for the second half of 2021. Political disagreements about policy coordination at the BiH State level have hampered program implementation under the 2016 EFF arrangement and the deepening of the single economic space. The challenge is to deal with the pandemic and put the economy on a higher medium-term growth trajectory.
Tunisia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: March 2021

The pandemic aggravated Tunisia’s long-standing vulnerabilities stemming from persistent fiscal and external imbalances, rising debt, and contingent liabilities from inefficient state-owned enterprises. The crisis is expected to induce the largest contraction in real GDP since independence. The authorities’ targeted response together with higher outlays on wages widened the fiscal deficit. A second Covid-19 wave is underway. The authorities are securing 500,000 doses to start a first campaign of vaccinations in February and are aiming to secure more doses to vaccinate half of the population starting in April–May. Staff expects GDP growth to rebound modestly in 2021, but it could take years before activity returns to pre-crisis levels, especially if large imbalances were not addressed and key reforms delayed. Downside risks dominate and recent protests highlight the level of social tensions, aggravated by Covid-19 restrictions, and particularly among the youth.
Adequacy of Fund Resources—Further Considerations
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.,   International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, &,   Review Department
Published: March 2021

This paper is part of the workplan on the 15th General Review of Quotas (15th Review). The paper provides a two-pillar framework for assessing the adequacy of Fund resources, building on the staff paper discussed by the Board in March 2016. The second pillar of the framework is qualitative in nature. The paper also provides information to support a discussion on the mix of Fund resources.
In vivo Effects of Black and Green Tea on Serum Lipid Profile and Cardiac Function in Hyperlipidemic Rats
Authors: Oyewole Olu , Adewale Omowumi , Adetunji Juliana
Published: March 2021

Objective: The study was designed to investigate the in vivo effects of black and green tea consumption on serum lipid profile and cardiac function in hyperlipidemic rats. Methods: 24 male Wistar rats, average weight 125 g were sorted into four groups: A, B, C and D. Normal control group (A) were fed standard rat chow; the remaining three groups (B, C and D) received rat chow supplemented with 2% (w/w) cholesterol to induce hypercholesterolemia. Group C and D were administered 40 mg/ml of black and green tea respectively while group B (hyperlipidemic control) were not treated. The feeding and tea administration lasted 6 weeks. Results: Significant reduction in body weight and heart weight index was recorded in rats administered black and green tea compared with the untreated group. Black and green tea consumption also caused significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk ratio accompanied with elevated HDL-cholesterol compared to untreated group. Significant alterations in cardiac marker enzymes: creatine kinase (CK), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also observed in serum and heart homogenates of untreated hyperlipidemic rats which were normalized in rats administered the teas. These results are synonymous with decreased risk of atherosclerosis and protective potential on cardiac function by green and black tea. Conclusion: We conclude in this study that regular intake of black and green tea might be useful in treatment of obesity and prevention of cardiovascular complications arising from hyperlipidemia.
Ameliorative effect of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla (African oil bean seed) on high fat diet and sucrose drink induced metabolic syndrome in male New Zealand rabbits.
Authors: Onyenibe Nwozo , Victoria Daramola , Udogadi Nwawuba
Published: March 2021

The consumption of nutraceuticals has become progressively popular in improving health, as well as disease treatment and prevention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ameliorative effect of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla (African oil bean) seed on high fat diet and sucrose drink induced metabolic syndrome in male New Zealand rabbits. All experimental procedures were carried using standard methods. A total of twenty (20) rabbits were used for this study, the animals were randomly grouped into five (5) groups with four (4) animals each. Metabolic syndrome risk factors obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia were determined. HFD+30%SUC had over 1500g body weight (bwt) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) 239.50±5.74 mg/dl  relative to the normal control with 1000±6.73g and 77.00±5.94 respectively whereas ND+30%SUC had lower FBS (l172.50±2.52) compared to HFD+30%SUC. There was a significant p<0.05 increase in body weights in treated groups with 1274±11.19g, 1282.75±4.99g, 1285±4.76g and FBS levels in mg/dL198.25±4.79, 198.75±8.06, 200±3.74 in rabbits  compared to untreated HFD+30%SUC. Glycated hemoglobin, and ?-Amylase were significantly p<0.05 elevated, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels were significantly p<0.05 reduced, lipid profile markers (HDL, TRIG & CHOL), electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium), urea and creatinine levels were significantly p<0.05 altered in HFD+30%SUC exposed group relative to the normal control and ND+30%SUC. However, dietary supplementation with fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seeds caused weight, FBS, serum lipid reduction and potentiated electrolyte, urea and creatinine levels. Therefore, according to our results, fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seed is an excellent nutraceutical and its consumption should be encouraged in modifying high fat and elevated intake of sucrose in rabbit
A Vision to Face Covid-19 pandemic and Future Risks Through Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Albzeirat Malek , Zulkepli Nik , Qaralleh Haitham
Published: March 2021

Coved-19 pandemic is spreading fear among the world in several aspects such as health, economic, international relations, political stability, and social stability. It emerged suddenly and attacked the world in a short period without warning. Details about the virus such as the source, symptoms, transmission, diagnosis and treatment are still incomplete.  Subsequently, more than one million people have died and huge economic losses. In order to avoid this issue in future, this paper aims to focus on artificial intelligence in predicting and tracking viral pandemic Disease and to control similar future risks using artificial intelligence, algorithms and cognitive fission theory.
Evaluation of Bioconcentration of Organophosphate Pesticides Monocrotophos and Quinalphos in Freshwater Fish Channa striatus
Authors: Chandy Jacob , Jacob Ann , Cherian Somi
Published: March 2021

Fish bioconcentration factors (BCF) are used for the prediction of the environmental effects of new chemicals and some studies have suggested that they can be predicted from the Physico-chemical properties of the chemical. The rigorous use of pesticides resulted in the dispersal and persistence of pollutants throughout the ecosystem. Pesticides contamination in the aquatic ecosystem has become one of the most staggering issues due to their detrimental effect on public health and the environment. This study aimed to investigate the bioconcentration factor of pesticides monocrotophos and quinalphos in three tissues (skin, muscles, gills) of the fish Channa striatus for 21 days, of the three analyzed tissues of monocrotophos exposed fish, gill accumulated highest concentration of (0.033 mg kg-1) while muscles (0.012 mg kg-1) at the lowest, whereas the concentration of quinalphos was maximum (0.98mg kg-1) in liver and minimum (0.074 mg kg-1) in muscle. Results showed that the effect of pesticide differs from tissue to tissue. However, the levels exceeded maximum detection limits as recommended by U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver, Colo.  Hence it is suggested that the fish containing pesticide residues beyond permissible limit should be avoided for food purposes
Effect of Rosemary Extract and Vitamin E on Lipid Peroxidation and the Quality During Chilling and Frozen Storage of Fried Nile Tilapia Fillets (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Fouad Ibrahim , Madi Mohamed , Lamlom Sabah , Attitalla Idress
Published: March 2021

Antioxidants are added to fresh and processed meat to prevent lipid oxidation, retard development of off-flavors, and improve color stability. Synthetic antioxidants have been confirmed for their toxicological and carcinogenic effects. Thus, the food industry now chooses natural products over synthetic ones. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Rosemary extract (R.E.) and vitamin E on the quality of fried fillets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) during chilling and frozen storage. Fillets of Nile tilapia were treated with (R.E.)  0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and Vitamin E 0.1% then stored for 5,10 and 15 days at 4±1°C and for three months at -18±2°C. Then chemical tests including Peroxide value (PV), Thio-barbituric acid (TBA), Tri-methylamine-nitrogen (TMA-N) and Total volatile base-nitrogen (TVB-N) were done to evaluate the preservative effect of (R.E.) and vitamin E during storage. The TBA and PV increased in all treatments due to lipid peroxidation. Results showed that TMA-N,TVB-N, value of (R.E.) and vitamin E treated samples were significantly lower than those of the control samples (P<0.05). Results of our investigation revealed that R.E. retarded oxidative changes in chilling and frozen fried fillets of Nile tilapia whereas R.E. 0.1%, 0.2% and vitamin E 0.1% were not as effective as R.E. 0.3%  on oxidative stability. Best oxidation inhabitation results on chilling and frozen fried fillets of Nile tilapia was obtained when employing of R.E. The obtained results also showed that there was a significant (p<0.05) enhancement in sensory quality attributes of fried fillets of Nile tilapia; samples treated with R.E. and vitamin E. Conclusion, The tested R.E. had a high effectiveness as antioxidative and antimicrobial should be utilized for extending the shelf-life through retarded the spoilage and enhancing quality attributes of fried fillets of Nile tilapia during chilling and frozen storage.
The Role of Principal and Teacher Leadership to Improve the Quality of Learning in SMA Negeri 5 OKU
Authors: Ahya Matsna , Ahmad Syarwani , Fitriani Yessi
Published: March 2021

This study aims to see the role of principals and teachers in improving the quality of learning at SMA Negeri 5 Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU). The formulation of the problem in this study is how the role of principal leadership and teacher professionalism in an effort to improve the quality of learning. This research is a qualitative research with a qualitative descriptive method. The data source is 50 teachers. The data technique is done by interview, observation and documentation. The results of this study illustrate that the role of principal ownership and teacher professionalism in an effort to improve the quality of learning in schools has been done as well as possible. This is with the shared role of the teacher in planning the Learning Implementation Plan that has been made and approved by the principal.
Effects of ozone-vegetation interactions on meteorology and air quality in China using a two-way coupled land-atmosphere model
Authors: Zhu Jiachen , Tai Amos P. K. , Yim Steve Hung Lam
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone (O3), which is one of the most important air pollutants in China, is projected to continue to increase in the near future. O3 and vegetation closely interact with each other and such interactions may not only affect plant physiology (e.g., stomatal conductance and photosynthesis) but also influence the overlying meteorology and air quality through modifying leaf stomatal behaviors. Previous studies have highlighted China as a hotspot in terms of O3 pollution and O3 damage to vegetation. Yet, few studies have investigated the effects of O3-vegetation interactions on meteorology and air quality in China, especially in the light of recent severe O3 pollution. In this study, a two-way coupled land-atmosphere model was applied to simulate O3 damage to vegetation and the subsequent effects on meteorology and air quality in China. Our results reveal that O3 causes up to 16 % enhancement in stomatal resistance, whereby large increases are found in Henan, Hebei and Shandong provinces. O3 damage causes a more than 20 % reduction in photosynthesis rate, and at least 5 % and 20 % decrease in leaf area index (LAI) and gross primary production (GPP), respectively, and hotspot areas appear in the northeastern and southern China. The associated reduction in transpiration causes a 5–30 W m−2 decrease (increase) in latent heat (sensible heat) flux, which induces a 3 % reduction in surface relative humidity, 0.2–0.8 K increase in surface air temperature, and 40–120 m increase in boundary layer height in China. We also found that the meteorological changes further induce a 2–6 ppb increase in O3 concentration in northern and south-central China mainly due to enhanced isoprene emission following increased air temperature, demonstrating that O3-vegetation interactions can lead to a strong positive feedback that can amplify O3 pollution in China. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering the effects of O3 damage and O3-vegetation interactions in air quality simulations, with ramifications for both air quality and forest management.
The GHGSat-D imaging spectrometer
Authors: Jervis Dylan , McKeever Jason , Durak Berke O. A. , Sloan James J. , Gains David , Varon Daniel J. , Ramier Antoine , Strupler Mathias , Tarrant Ewan
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The demonstration satellite GHGSat-D, or “Claire”, launched on 21 June 2016, is the first in a planned constellation of small satellites designed and operated by GHGSat, Inc. to measure greenhouse gas emissions at the facility scale from space. Its instrument measures methane concentrations by collecting and spectrally decomposing solar backscattered radiation in the shortwave infrared using a compact fixed-cavity Fabry–Pérot imaging spectrometer. The effective spatial resolution of 50×50 m2 over targeted 12×12 km2 scenes is unprecedented for a space-based gas-sensing spectrometer. Here we report on the instrument design and forward model and retrieval procedure, and we present several examples of retrieved methane emissions observed over industrial facilities. We discuss the sources of error limiting the performance of GHGSat-D and identify improvements for our follow-on satellites. Claire's mission has proven that small satellites can be used to identify and quantify methane emissions from industrial facilities, enabling operators to take prompt corrective action.
The COTUR project: Remote sensing of offshore turbulence for
wind energy application
Authors: Cheynet Etienne , Flügge Martin , Reuder Joachim , Jakobsen Jasna B. , Heggelund Yngve , Svardal Benny , Saavedra Garfias Pablo , Obhrai Charlotte , Daniotti Nicolò , Berge Jarle , Duscha Christiane , Wildmann Norman , Husøy Onarheim Ingrid , Godvik Marte
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The paper presents the measurement strategy and dataset collected during the COTUR (COherence of TURbulence with lidars) campaign. This field experiment took place from February 2019 to April 2020 on the southwestern coast of Norway. The coherence quantifies the spatial correlation of eddies and is little known in the marine atmospheric boundary layer. The study was motivated by the need to better characterize the lateral coherence, which partly governs the dynamic wind load on multi-megawatt offshore wind turbines. During the COTUR campaign, the coherence was studied using land-based remote sensing technology. The instrument setup consisted of three long-range scanning Doppler wind lidars, one Doppler wind lidar profiler and one passive microwave radiometer. Both the WindScanner software and Lidar Planner software were used jointly to simultaneously orient the three scanner heads into the mean wind direction, which was provided by the lidar wind profiler. The radiometer instrument complemented these measurements by providing temperature and humidity profiles in the atmospheric boundary layer. The preliminary results show an undocumented variation of the lateral coherence with the distance from the coast. The scanning beams were pointed slightly upwards to record turbulence characteristics both within and above the surface layer, providing further insight on the applicability of surface-layer scaling to model the turbulent wind load on offshore wind turbines.
Neural network modelling to estimate particle size distribution
based on other particle sections and meteorological parameters
Authors: Fung Pak Lun , Zaidan Martha Arbayani , Surakhi Ola , Tarkoma Sasu , Petäjä Tuukka , Hussein Tareq
Published: March 2021

Abstract. In air quality research, often only particle mass concentrations as indicators of aerosol particles are considered. However, the mass concentrations do not provide sufficient information to convey the full story of fractionated size distribution, which are able to deposit differently on respiratory system and cause various harm. Aerosol size distribution measurements rely on a variety of techniques to classify the aerosol size and measure the size distribution. From the raw data the ambient size distribution is determined utilising a suite of inversion algorithms. However, the inversion problem is quite often ill-posed and challenging to invert. Due to the instrumental insufficiency and inversion limitations, models for fractionated particle size distribution are of great significance to fill the missing gaps or negative values. The study at hand involves a merged particle size distribution, from a scanning mobility particle sizer (NanoSMPS) and an optical particle sizer (OPS) covering the aerosol size distributions from 0.01 to 0.42 μm (electrical mobility equivalent size) and 0.3 μm to 10 μm (optical equivalent size) and meteorological parameters collected at an urban background region in Amman, Jordan in the period of 1st Aug 2016–31st July 2017. We develop and evaluate feed-forward neural network (FFNN) models to estimate number concentrations at particular size bin with (1) meteorological parameters, (2) number concentration at other size bins, and (3) both of the above as input variables. Two layers with 10–15 neurons are found to be the optimal option. Lower model performance is observed at the lower edge (0.01
Accuracy of temporal upscaling instantaneous evapotranspiration insimulating daily values in remote sensing applications
Authors: Liu Zhaofei
Published: March 2021

Abstract. This study evaluated the accuracy of seven upscaling methods in simulating daily latent heat flux (LE) from instantaneous values using observations from 148 global sites under all sky conditions, and at different times during the day. Daily atmospheric transmissivity (τ) was used to represent the sky conditions. The results showed that all seven methods could accurately simulate daily LE from instantaneous values. The mean and median of Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency were 0.80 and 0.85, respectively, and the corresponding determination coefficients were 0.87 and 0.90, respectively. The sine and Gaussian function methods simulated mean values with relatively higher accuracy, with relative errors generally within ±10 %. The evaporative fraction (EF) methods, which use potential evapotranspiration and incoming shortwave radiation, performed relatively better than the other methods in simulating daily series. Overall, the EF method using potential evapotranspiration had the highest accuracy. However, the sine function and the EF method using extraterrestrial solar irradiance are recommended in upscaling applications because of the relatively minimal data requirements of these methods and their comparable or relatively higher accuracy. The intra-day distribution of the LE showed greater consistency with the Gaussian function than the sine function. However, the accuracy of simulated daily LE series using the Gaussian function method did not improve significantly compared with the sine function method. The simulation accuracy showed minor difference when using the same type of methods, for example, the same type of mathematical function or EF method. In any upscaling scheme, the simulation accuracy from multi-time values was significantly higher than that from a single time value. Therefore, when multi-time data are available, multi-time values should be used in evapotranspiration upscaling. The upscaling methods show the ability to accurately simulate daily LE from instantaneous values from 9:00–15:00, particularly for instantaneous values between 11:00 and 14:00. However, outside of this time range the upscaling methods performed poorly. These methods can simulate daily LE series with high accuracy at τ > 0.6; when τ < 0.6, simulation accuracy is significantly affected by sky conditions, and is generally positively related to daily atmospheric transmissivity. Although every upscaling scheme can accurately simulate daily LE from instantaneous values at most sites, this ability is lost at tropical rainforest and tropical monsoon sites.
Imprint of chaotic ocean variability on transports in the southwestern Pacific at interannual timescales
Authors: Cravatte Sophie , Serazin Guillaume , Penduff Thierry , Menkes Christophe
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The southwestern Pacific Ocean sits at a bifurcation where southern subtropical
waters are redistributed equatorward and poleward by different ocean
currents. The processes governing the interannual variability of these
currents are not completely understood. This issue is investigated using a
probabilistic modeling strategy that allows disentangling the
atmospherically forced deterministic ocean variability and the chaotic
intrinsic ocean variability. A large ensemble of 50 simulations performed with
the same ocean general circulation model (OGCM) driven by the same realistic
atmospheric forcing and only differing by a small initial perturbation is
analyzed over 1980–2015. Our results show that, in the southwestern Pacific, the
interannual variability of the transports is strongly dominated by chaotic
ocean variability south of 20∘ S. In the tropics, while the
interannual variability of transports and eddy kinetic energy modulation are
largely deterministic and explained by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO),
ocean nonlinear processes still explain 10 % to 20 % of
their interannual variance at large scale. Regions of strong chaotic variance
generally coincide with regions of high mesoscale activity, suggesting that a
spontaneous inverse cascade is at work from the mesoscale toward lower frequencies
and larger scales. The spatiotemporal features of the low-frequency oceanic
chaotic variability are complex but spatially coherent within certain
regions. In the Subtropical Countercurrent area, they appear as
interannually varying, zonally elongated alternating current structures, while
in the EAC (East Australian Current) region, they are eddy-shaped. Given this
strong imprint of large-scale chaotic oceanic fluctuations, our results
question the attribution of interannual variability to the atmospheric forcing
in the region from pointwise observations and one-member simulations.
Synergy between compost and cover crops leads to increased
subsurface soil carbon storage
Authors: Rath Daniel , Bogie Nathaniel , Deiss Leonardo , Parikh Sanjai , Wang Daoyuan , Ying Samantha , Tautges Nicole , Berhe Asmeret Asefaw , Scow Kate
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Subsurface carbon stocks are a prime target for efforts to increase soil carbon storage for climate change mitigation and improving soil health. However, subsurface carbon (C) dynamics are not well understood, especially in soils under long term intensive agricultural management. We compared subsurface C dynamics in tomato-corn rotations after 25 years of differing C and nutrient management in the California Central Valley: CONV (mineral fertilizer), CONV+WCC (mineral fertilizer + cover crops) and ORG (composted poultry manure + cover crops). Our results showed a ~19 Mg/ha increase in SOC stocks down to 1 m under ORG systems, no significant SOC increases under CONV+WCC or CONV systems, and the accumulation of carboxyl rich C in the subsurface (60–100 cm) horizons of all systems. Systems also had greater amounts of aromatic carbon in the order ORG>CONV+WCC>CONV. We identified a potential interaction between cover crops and compost, theorizing that increased macropores from cover crop roots facilitate the transport of soluble C and nutrients into the subsurface, thereby increasing stocks. These results demonstrate the potential for subsurface carbon storage in tilled agricultural systems and highlight a potential pathway for increasing carbon transport and storage in subsurface soil layers.
Objective and Algorithm Considerations When Optimizing the
Number and Placement of Turbines in a Wind Power Plant
Authors: Stanley Andrew P. J. , Roberts Owen , King Jennifer , Bay Christopher J.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Optimizing turbine layout is a challenging problem that has been extensively researched in literature. However, optimizing the number of turbines within a given boundary has not been studied as extensively and is a difficult problem because it introduces discrete design variables and a discontinuous design space. An essential step in performing wind power plant layout optimization is to define the objective function, or value, that is used to express what is valuable to a wind power plant developer, such as annual energy production, cost of energy, or profit. In this paper, we demonstrate the importance of selecting the appropriate objective function when optimizing a wind power plant. We optimize several different wind power plants with different wind resources and boundary sizes. Results show that the optimal number of turbines varies drastically depending on the objective function. For a simple, one-dimensional, land-based scenario, we found that a wind power plant optimized for minimal cost of energy produced just 72 % of the profit as the wind power plant optimized for maximum profit, which corresponded to a loss of about $2 million each year. This paper also compares the performance of several different optimization algorithms, including a novel repeated-sweep algorithm that we developed. We found that the performance of each algorithm depended on the number of design variables in the problem as well as the objective function.
Wanita dalam Sistem Kewarisan Perspektif Sosiologi Hukum Islam
Authors: Tahali Ahmad
Published: March 2021

Abstrak

Hukum  waris  merupakan  salah  satu  bagian  hukum  kekeluargaan, karena ruang  lingkup  pembahasannya  menyangkut  tentang  proses pelaksanaan pengalihan  harta  benda  orang  yang  sudah  meninggal kepada  anggota  keluarga yang  masih  hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang pembagian kewarisan kepada wanita dilihat dari sudut pandang sosiologi hukum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Pengumpulan data ini dilakukan yakni dengan membaca buku-buku serta bahan bacaan lainnya yang relevan dengan masalah yang dibahas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah menganalisis semua isi yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Hukum kewarisan Islam tidak membedakan hak mewaris anak perempuan dan laki-laki. Anak laki-laki mendapat dua bagian dari anak perempuan (2:1), hal ini didasarkan karena tanggung jawab anak laki-laki lebih besar dibanding tanggung jawab anak perempuan. Sementara analisis sosiologi hukum Islam terhadap kedudukan wanita dalam kewarisan. Memang terjadi problematika di kalangan masyarakat. Ada yang menggunakan pembagian dalam kaca mata agama, ada juga yang menggunakan sistem kekeluargaan (kebiasaan). Dengan demikian maka perbedaan tersebut adalah seimbang dan adil.

Kata Kunci : Sistem Kewarisan Wanita, Sosiologi Hukum Islam
Analisis Pemikiran al-Tafsir al-Maudlu’i al-Tauhidi Baqir Al-Shadr
Authors: Kodrat Permana Aramdhan
Published: March 2021

Tafsir al-Maudlu’i al-Tauhidi dikenalkan oleh Baqir al-Shadr. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemikiran al-Al-Tafsir al-Maudlu’i-AlTauhidi Baqir Al-Shadr. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berdasarkan pada kajian kepustakaan dan bersumber dari prime resource karya Baqir al-Shadr, al-Madrasat al-Qur’aniyyah, dengan bahan sekundernya dari pemikiran al-Farmawi dan bahan lain yang relevan. Penyajian kajian ini bersifat deskriptif-analitik yang digabungkan dengan teori korespondensi terutama ketika menguji secara kritis teori dan aplikasi konsep Baqir al-Shadr. Berdasarkan kajian, dengan dasar min al-Waqi ila al-Nash, Baqir al-Shadr menyatakan bahwa tafsir maudlu’i harus mampu berdialektika dengan fakta serta teori yang berkembang saat ini tanpa melepaskan langkah-langkah metodologis tafsir maudlu’i yang telah dirumuskan sebelumnya, seperti memerhatikan bahts al-Mufradat, asbab al-Nuzul dan makkiyyah-madaniyyah. Dengan teori korespondensi yang diaplikasikan pada kajian kritis teori dan aplikasinya, Baqir al-Shadr nampak belum melakukan secara konsisten dan komprehensif teori yang ia bangun.
Zur Kartierung staatlicher Macht. Der Verwaltungsgerichtshof und seine Entscheidungen
Authors: Becker Peter
Published: March 2021

Mapping State power. The Administrative Court and its Decisions. The proceedings of the Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof) of the Habsburg Monarchy, established in 1876, are used as an empirical point of reference to shed light on the relationship between an expanding state and a rapidly changing economy and society. The focus is on the crownland of Lower Austria, which was characterized by a coexistence of tradition and modernity, by politically and economically powerful classes on the one hand and producing classes on the other. In this field of tension, numerous conflicts arose which were dealt with by the administration and adjudicated upon by the Administrative Court. The barriers to access to the Administrative Court privileged individuals from industry and finance, property and landowners and municipalities as plaintiffs. These actors raised objections to the assessment of taxes, but also to the specific consequences of new emphases in government activity that can be associated with social citizenship. The use of the Administrative Court as an avenue via which to appeal against state activity ultimately strengthened the state’s presence.
Control de posición de un sistema hidráulico mediante un controlador por realimentación de estados
Authors: Martínez Fernando , Cortes Edwin , Moreno Edgar
Published: March 2021

En este artículo se presenta el diseño de un controlador para un sistema hidráulico compuesto por una servoválvula, un sensor de posición y unidad lineal de 200 mm de carrera, que usa realimentación de estados. Para esto, se obtuvieron muestras de los valores de la salida y entrada real del sistema, mediante una tarjeta de adquisición de datos de National Instruments (usb-6211) y el Data Acquisition Toolbox de Matlab. Con los datos adquiridos y el uso del System Identification Toolbox de Matlab, se estableció un modelo adecuado que describe un comportamiento similar al del sistema hidráulico real, para el cual es diseñado un controlador por realimentación de estados y ubicación de polos, cuya función es controlar el sistema hidráulico a través de la tarjeta de adquisición de datos y el pc en tiempo real.
Revista Hashtag 2016A
Authors: Revista Hashtag
Published: March 2021

En esta edición, la revista #ashtag de la Corporación Unificada Nacional de Educación Superior (CUN) presenta reflexiones acerca de las tecnologías de la cuarta revolución industrial y también sobre tecnologías clásicas que permiten resolver problemas cotidianos y configurar nuevos estándares de vida de las personas. Esta publicación ve la luz gracias al esfuerzo conjunto de la Unidad de Publicaciones, la Dirección de Investigación y el Programa de Ingeniería Electrónica, que trabajan mancomunadamente en la transferencia escrita de trabajos y avances de estudiantes y docentes de nuestra institución y de otras entidades externas, con el fin de visibilizar sus hallazgos y buenas prácticas académicas aplicadas al bienestar de la sociedad.
The Psychology and Historical Perspective behind Entrepreneurial and Business Practices in Indonesia
Authors: Khan Muhammad Asif
Published: March 2021

Indonesia is a country in southern Asia consisting of many islands and is the 4th largest populated country in the world. The country has one of the best economies in the world since it has been participating in international trade for many years. However, it has had drawbacks that have made it unable to reach the levels of the developed countries in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to study the facts behind the success and the failure of some business ventures. Additionally, the study of strategies by companies to have a competitive advantage in business is fundamental to understanding the situation in the country. The new research will seek to use the available analyses about the same topic to bring about a new understanding. Theories such as McClelland’s locus of control theory can apply in the study to understand the relationship between entrepreneurship and the psychology of people. The paper uses secondary sources review to get information about the topic to propose a solution to the challenges that the companies in the country have been facing towards achieving a competitive returns.
Students and Management Perspective on Service Quality and Integrated Marketing Communication: Descriptive Analysis on Indonesian Private Universities
Authors: Rana Junaid Ali Saeed , Susanto Antonius Agus , Mandagie Wenny Chandra
Published: March 2021

To formulate aggressive marketing strategies, the quality of service and marketing communication tools must provide a meaningful and consistent message. Service quality is gaining substantial respect in service marketing literature and higher education services. Aggressive marketing strategies among private universities have enabled these institutes to become marketing-oriented as students are considered consumers, therefore universities can expand their marketing efforts through improved service quality and consistent marketing communication in the form of Integrated Marketing Communication. This paper provides multiple-perspective (staff and student) descriptive analysis in evaluating service quality along with the importance of integrated marketing communication. The data from 34 universities (management perspective) and 5 large-sized universities (student perspective) was collected, analyzed, and compared using meaningful graphs providing significant conclusions. The paper concludes by providing suggestions, to private universities in Indonesia to efficiently and effectively incorporate service quality and integrated marketing communication in their action plans to improve their ranking and services that they promise to provide their current and prospective students.
STUDI KINERJA PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI PADA MAHASISWA DI FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIVERSITAS MULAWARMAN
Authors: Sunusi Muhammad
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the performance of administrative services and to determine the inhibiting factors and supporting factors for the performance of administrative services at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Mulawarman University. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive. Types and sources of data used are primary data and were collected by purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using an interactive model. The results showed that the service performance for students at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Mulawarman University was following the procedures given to students. However, the services provided had not gone well because of the busy activities at the Faculty of Pharmacy. At the same time, the number of employees was small compared to the existing work units.Keyword : performance, administrative services
SONICATION OF CHERRY JUICE: COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT SONICATION TIMES ON COLOR, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOLIC AND ASCORBIC ACID CONTENT
Authors: Yildiz Gulcin , Feng H.
Published: March 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of ultrasound treatment on the physiological quality of cherry juice. Cherry fruits purchased from a local market were sonicated at 20 kHz and 100% amplitude for 2,3,5, and 10 minutes and then stored at 4 oC for 14 days. Quality attributes such as color, total antioxidants, total phenolic and ascorbic acid contents of the cherry juices were compared. The results showed that the ultrasonic treatment had significant effects on the physiological quality of the cherry juices When the treatment time was increased from 2 to 10 min higher levels of total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and ascorbic acid were observed. A 10 min treated cherry juices showed higher lightness (L) values compared to the fresh cherry juice during a two-week period. Ultrasonic treatment showed potential as a method to maintain and improve the overall quality of cherry juice during cold storage.
A CFD ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF PLENUM CONFIGURATIONS ON GAS DISTRIBUTION IN A FLUIDIZED BED
Authors: SORIA JOSE MIGUEL , AUSINA TATIANA MARIEL , MAZZA GERMAN DELFOR
Published: March 2021

Fluidized beds are widely used in many industries. The fluidization quality of these units is strongly related to the characteristics of the plenum and distributor (grid). In this work, the effect of different plenum geometries, and gas entrance sizes and locations on the velocity profile above the distributor was analyzed by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The results showed that flow uniformity above the distributor improved with an increase in the gas inlet diameter and the plenum height. Channeling was observed for the bottom central inlet. Additionally, simulations for plenum heights predicted by one of the frequently used correlations (Litz correlation) were also carried out and showed, especially for a bottom central gas inlet, a poor quality flow distribution. This behavior indicated that Litz correlation tends to underestimate the plenum height for obtaining a uniform flow downstream the distributor.
NANOCELLULOSE AND ITS POTENTIAL USE FOR SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Negro Carlos , Balea Martín Ana , Sanchez-Salvador Jose Luis , Campano Cristina , Fuente Elena , Monte M. Concepcion , Blanco Angeles
Published: March 2021

Nanocellulose (NC) and its wide applications have attracted high attention due to its desirable properties such as high surface area, extraordinary mechanical properties, high reactivity and easy modification of NC surface due to the presence of primary hydroxyl groups. NC also presents several environmental benefits, including high potential availability because its production is coming from natural sources, renewability and nontoxicity. This paper briefly summarizes some of the activities of the research group “Cellulose, Paper and Water Advanced Treatments” from Complutense University of Madrid that were presented in CAIQ 2019, including the main types of NC, the production processes and their characterization. Additionally, the most promising NC applications are described such as for paper and board, for wastewater treatment, food and cement-based materials. Moreover, a market perspective of NC is also presented.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM ADMINISTRASI KEPENDUDUKAN PADA KELURAHAN PENJALANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE WEB ENGINEERING
Authors: Mita Sas
Published: March 2021

Population administration system in natural urban fence crossing urban villages still manually, still using a big book so that the population data search is still less effective. The purpose of this research is to design and build a population administration system in crossing urban villages by using PHP programming and MySQL Database. The methodology used is Web Engineering (web engineering). The results to be achieved are the availability of supporting applications in the urban village of Pagaralam that can be obtained without being bound by time and space. With this application in the weaving village it is expected to be able to help deliver information quickly and make it easy to get information about the weaving village.
PENGUJIAN PERFORMA DAN TINGKAT STRES PADA WEBSITE HOTEL DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Jimmy Adrian, Jason, Holong Marisi Simalango
Published: March 2021

Pencarian data dan informasi prasarana dan sarana tentang satu hotel dengan mengakses website resmi hotel tersebut. Informasi di setiap hotel berisi informasi yang hampir sama, namun yang membedakan adalah kesan pada performa yang efisiensi dan efektif, dan tingkat stres untuk kuota akses. Banyak warga singapur dan wisatawan domestik untuk berwisata ke kota Batam. Hal ini memicu untuk Pengusaha hotel memaksimalkan pelayanan prasarana dan sarana demi kepuasan pengunjung. Metodologi yang digunakan dengan studi literatur, defenisi kebutuhan, pengujian webtools, dan penarikan simpulan hasil webtools. Kebutuhan webtools untuk penelitian ini menggunakan GTMetrix, Web PageTest, dan LoadImpact. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa website Hotel Harris adalah yang tercepat dalam memuat halaman, dan website Hotel Harmoni One lebih unggul dalam menanggapi kuota akses dalam jumlah.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN SUPPLIER BAHAN BANGUNAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE WEIGHT PRODUCT PADA PT. CIPTA ARSIGRIYA
Authors: Agnes Mareta, Arie Yandi Saputra
Published: March 2021

Pemilihan supplier merupakan salah satu hal yang penting dalam aktivitas pembelian bagi perusahaan, karena pemilihan supplier ini sangat berpengaruh pada kualitas dan ketersediaan suatu produk. Tujuan utama proses pemilihan supplier adalah untuk menentukan supplier yang memiliki efisiensi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan perusahaan secara konsisten dan meminimasi resiko yang berkaitan dengan pengadaan bahan baku maupun komponen. Oleh karena itu perusahaan harus memilih supplier dengan cermat dan tepat agar tidak merugikan perusahaan di masa yang akandating.Pemilihan supplier pada PT Cipta Arsigriya dilakukan oleh bagian purchasing dengan menindaklanjuti penawaran kerjasama dari supplier yang ditujukan kepada perusahaan. Dikarenakan untuk mempersingkat waktu proses pemilihan supplier selama ini hanya berdasarkan harga terendah dan metode pembayaran saja sehingga faktor-faktor lain menjadi terabaikan. Pengabaian faktor-faktor lain ini menyebabkan sering terjadi kendala khususnya dalam proses pembangunan hunian pada perusahaan.