bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacto de la Industria 4.0 en los sistemas mecatrónicos: una revisión de normativas internacionales
Authors: Carrera Agama Daniel Ernesto , Tibanquiza Chuncho Santiago Efraín , Taboada Flores Pablo Hernán , Ocaña Pañora Lando Stephen
Published: November 2024

Introducción: La industria 4.0 ha revolucionado los sistemas industriales con tecnologías como IoT, IA y CPS, lo que ha impulsado el rediseño de los sistemas mecatrónicos. Sin embargo, la implementación de estas tecnologías requiere la aplicación adecuada de normativas internacionales para garantizar su seguridad y eficiencia. Objetivos: Este artículo revisa las normativas internacionales que guían la implementación de las tecnologías de la Industria 4.0 en los sistemas mecatrónicos, evaluando su impacto y detectando vacíos normativos que necesitan ser abordados. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión documental de normativas y publicaciones entre 2015 y 2024, enfocada en los estándares más relevantes para IoT, IA y CPS, analizando su aplicabilidad mediante un análisis comparativo. Desarrollo: Se revisaron normativas clave como ISO/IEC 30141 (IoT), ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42 (IA), e IEC 61508 (CPS), que proporcionan marcos para la interoperabilidad, seguridad y eficiencia en los sistemas mecatrónicos. Discusión: Se identificaron vacíos normativos, especialmente en ciberseguridad para IoT y CPS, y se subrayó la necesidad de mayor claridad en las normativas emergentes sobre IA. Resultados: Las normativas actuales son sólidas, pero necesitan mejoras en ciberseguridad e interoperabilidad para optimizar la implementación de tecnologías de la Industria 4.0 en la mecatrónica. Conclusiones: Las normativas internacionales son clave para la adopción de la Industria 4.0 en la mecatrónica, aunque se deben abordar áreas de mejora para una integración completa de estas tecnologías. Este análisis permite identificar áreas de mejora crítica en las normativas actuales, aportando recomendaciones para la implementación segura y eficiente de tecnologías de la Industria 4.0 en la ingeniería mecatrónica. Área general: Tecnologías emergentes aplicadas a la Industria 4.0.  Área específica: Normativas internacionales para IoT, IA y CPS en sistemas mecatrónicos. Tipo de estudio: Investigación documental y bibliográfica.
Computed Tomography Fistulography in the Diagnosis of Thyroglossal Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: Saha Kanu Lal , Ashok Aryal , Sarker Dipan Kumar , Joarder Abul Hasnat
Published: November 2024

Abstract Not Available.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngology 2024; 30(1): 44-47
Primary School Teachers' Views on the Integration of Sustainable Development into Learning
Authors: Erol Mustafa
Published: November 2024

In this study, we sought an answer to the question of what can be done to integrate sustainable development into learning environments in the context of teacher opinions. We followed a case study design to achieve this goal. The research's study group consists of 15 primary school teachers from northwest Turkey, who were chosen using criterion sampling. We used an interview form to gather research data and analyzed it with content analysis. Teachers think incorporating sustainable development into the learning environment brings many benefits to children. According to findings, sustainable development provided many gains to students. Findings in the context of teacher opinions were: 1) eco-friendly behavior; 2) literacy; 3) awareness of green technologies; and 4) awareness of green professions. In this context, sustainable development should be integrated into primary school curricula. Also, in the study, we emphasize a sustainable education for a sustainable future. In this context, the outputs of sustainable development should be used effectively in education and training environments.
Masculinity Contest Culture in German Startups: A Quantitative Study on Prevalence
Authors: Sandberg Berit
Published: November 2024

It is frequently reported that the environments within tech startups are characterized by the celebration of masculine norms and competitive behaviors, which ultimately affect an inclusive work environment and employee well-being. However, there is a lack of sound empirical evidence, including startups in other industries, to substantiate these claims. This study investigates the prevalence of masculinity contest culture (MCC) within German startups through a quantitative analysis involving 101 participants. The Masculinity Contest Culture scale was employed to assess the manifestations of traditional masculine norms related to emotional resilience, physical superiority, workaholism, and aggressive competitiveness. Results show an overall low prevalence of MCC, with no significant differences based on gender perceptions, contradicting previous studies suggesting entrenched masculinity in startups. “Put Work First” emerged as the most prominent dimension, reflecting a persistent culture of work prioritization. This study challenges the stereotype of startup environments as bastions of toxic masculinity. The findings underscore the need for further research to understand cultural factors influencing startup ecosystems and to foster healthier work environments. Future studies should expand sample sizes to validate these findings and enhance generalizability.
Pembinaan Etika Komunikasi, Ketahanan dan Kesehatan Keluarga, serta Manajemen Keuangan: Pembinaan Majelis dan Jemaat di Gereja Toraja Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
Authors: Mangani Ktut Silvanita , Rantung Djoys A. , Nadeak Bernadetha , Limbong Mesta
Published: November 2024

Abstrak Dalam menjalankan tugas pelayanannya, gereja perlu memahami etika berkomunikasi supaya terjadi komunikasi yang baik, dapat dimengerti dan diterima  sehingga pelayanan gereja tertata dengan baik. Sebagai lembaga, gereja perlu untuk  menata diri dengan segala risiko yang harus dihadapi. Hal itu menunjukkan perlunya manajemen pendidikan dan pengelolaan keuangan yang baik dalam gereja. Disamping itu, diperlukan ketahanan keluarga dan kesehatan dalam membangun hubungan antar anggota keluarga, sehingga tercipta hubungan yang harmonis dalam membangun jemaat yang kristiani. Pembinaan ini bertujuan memberi pemahaman dalam etika komunikasi, ketahanan dan kesehatan keluarga, serta manajemen keuangan dalam gereja. Menggunakan metode ceramah dan diskusi. Kegiatan ini mendapat sambutan yang sangat baik dari seluruh peserta yang terlihat dari antusiasme mereka dalam mengikuti pembinaan ini. Mereka juga berharap UKI dapat memberikan pelatihan lanjutan dan kegiatan-kegiatan yang lain.
Pelatihan Penanganan Kegawatdaruratan Tersedak Pada Anak di Desa Ledug Purwokerto
Authors: Sabna Sabna Meisya Lestari , Handayani Rahmaya Nova , Rahmawati Arni Nur
Published: November 2024

Tersedak adalah keadaan darurat yang sangat berbahaya yang sering terjadi pada anak-anak di bawah usia tiga tahun. Tersedak terjadi ketika makanan padat yang seharusnya melewati saluran pencernaan menghalangi jalan napas. Korban tersedak dapat kehilangan kesadaran hingga menyebabkan kematian. Penanganan tersedak pada anak terbagi menjadi tiga macam, yaitu meliputi back blow, heimlick maneuver dan chest thrust. Tujuan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu terhadap penanganan kegawatdaruratan tersedak pada anak. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah dan demonstrasi. Peserta yang hadir dan mengikuti kegiatan berjumlah 32 orang. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di RT.01/RW.05 Desa Ledug Purwokerto pada Kamis, 06 Juni 2024. Media yang digunakan yaitu powerpoint, leaflet dan video. Hasil Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan sebelum dilakukan edukasi sebanyak 19 peserta (59.4%) mempunyai pengetahuan cukup dan setelah diberikan edukasi sebanyak 29 peserta (90.6%) dalam kategori baik. Tingkat keterampilan sebelum diberikan edukasi dan demonstrasi semua peserta tidak terampil sebanyak 32 peserta (100.0%), sedangkan setelah diberikan edukasi dan demonstrasi sebanyak 21 peserta (65.6%) mempunyai keterampilan yang terampil dan 11 peserta (34.4%) mempunyai keterampilan kurang terampil. Dari hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat dapat disumpulkan terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan.
Peningkatan Produktivitas Tanaman Hortikultura Melalui Smart Watering System di Kelurahan Klasuluk Provinsi Papua Barat Daya
Authors: Sahiruddin  , Prabawati Ratna , Aprianto Aci , Jare Petronela , Karay Kundrat agustinus
Published: November 2024

Kelurahan Klasuluk merupakan salah satu kelurahan yang berada di Distrik Mariat Kabupaten Sorong, Papua Barat Daya. Secara garis besar, masyarakat Kelurahan Klasuluk bermata pencaharian sebagai petani. Komoditi yang paling banyak ditanam oleh masyarakat Kelurahan Klasuluk adalah tanaman Hortikultura. Kondisi tanah yang kering dan sistem penyiraman yang masih menggunakan peralatan manual menjadi penyebab rendahnya produktivitas tanaman hortikultura di kelurahan Klasuluk khususnya kelompok tani Tunas Siaga. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini yaitu (1)  Sosialisasi,(2) pelatihan, (3) penerapan teknologi,(4) pendampingan dan evaluasi Program. Hasil dari program pengabdian ini yaitu penerapan teknologi smart watering system dan pelatihan penggunaan teknologi tersebut dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman Hortikultura dan meningkatkan nilai ekonomi masyaraka di kelurahan Klasuluk pada kelompok tani Tunas Siaga. Dari hasil program pengabdian ini dapat disimpukan bahwa teknologi smart watering system dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman Hortikultura dan sangat dibutuhkan oleh kelompok tani Tunas Siaga.
THE EFFECT OF ADDING DRIED MORINGA OLEIFERA L. ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ORGANOLEPTICS PROPERTY CRACKERS
Authors: Nisfi Lailatun , Maghfiroh Khoirin
Published: November 2024

Moringa oleifera L. leaf contain energy, fat, protein, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamin A, and vitamin C. Crackers are a processed food made from a hard dough. The addition of dried Moringa oleifera L. leaf is expected to enhance the nutritional value and turn crackers into a functional food with benefits. This study aims to determine the influence of adding dried Moringa oleifera L. leaf on the antioxidant content and organoleptic properties, including taste, color, aroma, and texture of the crackers. The research was conducted at the Food Processing and Biochemistry Laboratory of Yudharta University, Pasuruan, and then Nutrition Laboratory of Airlangga University Surabaya and  then Basic Laboratory of chemistry and biology of Hang tuah University Surabaya. from April to June 2023. The research method employed a Completely Randomized Design with six treatments (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30%) repeated three times, resulting in 18 experiments. Physicochemicals data analysis used Minitab software to conduct Analysis of Variance, and Tukey Method was applied for notation determination. Organoleptic testing employed the Friedman test, while the best treatment was determined using the modified De Garmo Effective Index test by Susrini (2003). The results indicate that the addition of dried Moringa oleifera L. leaf significantly affected (p<0.05) the antioxidant activity, taste, color, aroma, and texture of the crackers. The best treatment was P1 (195 grams of dried moringa oleifera: 5 grams of dried Moringa oleifera L. leaf ) with an antioxidant activity of 91.1% Breaking power of 3.67%, moisture content of 5.98%, ash content of 3.3%,and high organoleptic values for taste 3,64%, aroma 4,32%, color 4,32%, and texture 4,08%. The addition of moringa oleifera L. leaf to crackers can enhance the nutritional value of the crackers.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN BORAKS PADA BORAKS YANG DIJUAL DI PASAR KOTA MATARAM DENGAN METODE KERTAS KUBIS UNGU DAN KERTAS KURKUMIN
Authors: Wahab Wahab , Fardani Roushandy Asri , Atfal Bustanul
Published: November 2024

Bakso adalah jenis makanan yang berupa bola-bola yang terbuat dari daging dan tepung. Makanan ini biasanya disajikan dengan kuah dan mie. Bahan-bahan yang dibutuhkan dalam pembuatan bakso adalah daging, bahan perekat, bumbu dan es batu/ air es (singgih, 2009). Asam borat atau boraks (boric acid) merupakan zat pengawet berbahaya yang tidak izinkan digunakan sebagai campuran bahan makanan. Boraks dalam senyawa kimia dengan berbentuk kristal putih, tidak berbau dan stabil pada suhu dan tekanan normal. Makanan yang nengandung boraks dapat dengan mudah ditemukan di pasar-pasar tradisional. Tujuan penelitian adalah Untuk mengidentifikasi apakah terdapat kandungan boraks pada baksoyang dijual di pasar Kota Mataram. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental murni. Data diperoleh dari hasil uji laboratorium dengan melihat perubahan warna dari kertas uji kubis ungu dan kertas kurkumin terhadap sampel bakso dipasar kota mataram.Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel bakso yang digunakan negatif atau tidak mengandung boraks dari sampel beberapa pasar yaitu pasar X, Y, dan Z.
ANALISIS KUALITATIF ZAT PEWARNA RHODAMIN B DAN METHANYL YELLOW PADA KERUPUK SEBLAK DI KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Kartina Sri , Fardani Roushandy Asri , Aini Aini
Published: November 2024

Kerupuk merupakan jenis makanan kering yang terbuat dari bahan-bahan yang mengandung pati cukup tinggi. Beredar berbagai macam kerupuk berwarna yang dicurigai menggunakan zat pewarna yang dilarang untuk makanan yaitu Rhodamin B dan methnyl yellow.Rhodamin B merupakan zat warna sintetik yang umum digunakan sebagai pewarna tekstil. Konsumsi methanyl yellow dalam jangka Panjang juga dapat menyebabkan berbagai masalah gangguan Kesehatan. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya rhodamim B dan methanyl yellow yang terkadung dalam kerupuk yang dijadikan seblak dikota mataram. Metode penelitian kualitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode kromatografi kertas. Populasi penelitian ini adalah kerupuk seblak yang dijual dikota mataram yaitu 15 kerupuk berwarna merah dan 15 kerupuk berwarna kuning. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 30 sampel kerupuk yang dianalisa didapatkan hasil negatif. Rf sampel tidak sama dengan Rf standar rhodamine B dan methanyl yellow.
Correlation Between Mother’s Nutritional Expertise and Toddler’s Stunting Incidence in Wainyapu Village
Authors: Pandi Mariana , Sari Ni Luh Putu Dian Yunita , Prihandhani IGAA Sherlyna , Triana Komang Yogi
Published: November 2024

Stunting is one of the world's nutritional challenges, particularly in impoverished and emerging countries. Stunting is an issue since it is connected with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality, as well as inadequate brain development, which leads to delayed motor development and stunted cerebral growth. The mother's health and nutritional status before and throughout pregnancy, the mother's body posture, the close spacing of pregnancies, the mother's adolescence, and poor dietary intake during pregnancy all have an impact on fetal growth and stunting risk. Stunting is influenced by the mother's nutritional expertise. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between mothers’ nutritional expertise and the toddlers’ stunting incident in Wainyapu Village. This quantitative study employed an analytical survey design and a cross-sectional approach method. The population in this study were mothers who had toddlers 12-59 months and lived in Wainyapu Village. This study employed total sampling technique, with a questionnaire on mothers’ nutritional expertise as the research instrument. The Spearman correlation test was employed during data analysis. The findings yielded that the level of mothers’ nutritional expertise was mostly in the poor category (76.9%), with the incidence of stunting in toddlers as high as (75%), and there was a significant correlation between mothers’ nutritional expertise and the toddlers’ stunting incident as shown by Spearman correlation results were 0.945 with Sig p-value <0.01. It is expected that this study can provide mothers some information to better understand the importance of toddlers’ nutritional expertise in order  to avoid stunting
The role of pre-existing left-sided valvular heart disease in the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Muzafarova Tamilla , Motovska Zuzana
Published: November 2024

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and valvular heart disease (VHD) are the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The epidemiology of VHD has changed in recent decades with an aging population, increasing risk factors for cardiovascular disease and migration, all of which have a significant implifications for healthcare systems. Due to common pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors, AMI and VHD often coexist. These patients have more complicated clinical characteristics, in-hospital course and outcomes, and are less likely to receive guideline-directed therapy. Because of the reciprocal negative pathophysiological influence, these patients need to be referred to VHD specialists and further discussed within the Heart team to assess the need for earlier intervention. Since the results of the number of studies show that one third of the patients are referred to the heart teams either too early or too late, there is a need to better define the communication networks between the treating physicians, including internists, general practitioners, outpatient cardiologists and heart teams, after the discharge of patients with pre-existing VHD and AMI.
Teaching jazz history: disrupting gendered narratives
Authors: Burke Robert Louis , Hall Clare , Kellett Michael J. , Luebbers Johannes
Published: November 2024

The teaching of jazz history in tertiary institutions has historically focussed on the “great men” of jazz (Whyton, 2010), with jazz historiography giving scant recognition to female-identifying musicians (Rustin and Tucker, 2008). The historicising of certain individuals and their music is fundamental to understanding jazz, yet it silences female and gender non-binary voices, overshadowing the roles they played in the evolution of the genre. This study aims to deepen our understanding of the experience of students engaging with jazz history in the 21st century. Halberstam and Halberstam’s (2005) theory of queer time and disruption serves as the primary framework for analysing shifts in teaching and learning perceptions concerning hegemonic and male-dominated narratives in jazz history. To understand the experiences and perspectives of those directly involved in jazz history pedagogy this research draws on an education-focused, polyethnographic approach utilising data derived from self-selected student research topics, student surveys, and teacher interviews. Our findings highlight both the shifting discourse within tertiary education, teaching experiences and the interwoven attitudes of students, reflecting on how these dialogues came to impact and shape the other. The study provides implications for how jazz education may continue to evolve in both attitude and enlightened access in the education of jazz learners. The objective of this paper’s outcomes is to inform the translation of more diversified narratives in tertiary jazz pedagogy and music education more broadly.
Impact of physical indicators on ocular development in preschool children
Authors: Liu Xiangxiang , Fu Jing , Li Lei , Liu Peipei , Sun Yunyun , Li Huijian , Li Yuanbin , Zhu Bidan , Wang Shana , Qin Xi
Published: November 2024

Objective

Understanding the impact of early childhood physical growth on visual development is crucial, as this period marks a critical phase for foundational physical and ocular maturation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the associations between the anthropometric indicators of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI), as well as visual acuity, refraction, and ocular biometrics, in Chinese preschool children.

Methods

This cross-sectional study consisted of 1,477 Chinese 3- to 6-year-old preschool children from nine kindergartens in Tongzhou District, Beijing. Demographic data, height and weight were measured according to a standard protocol, and BMI was calculated. Refractive error was measured via autorefraction in eyes under cycloplegia. Axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness, and corneal curvature were measured via an IOL Master. The axial length–corneal radius (AL–CR ratio) was defined as the AL divided by the mean corneal radius of curvature. Multivariate linear regression models were used to explore the cross-sectional associations between physical indicators (height, weight and BMI) and visual acuity and ocular developmental parameters in boys and girls.

Results

Compared with the children in the fourth quartile for height for a given age and sex, the visual acuity in the fourth quartile was 0.08 less, the refraction was 0.11 D more negative (1.22 D versus 1.33 D), the axial length was 0.62 mm longer, the anterior chamber depth was 0.18 mm deeper, the lens thickness was 0.13 mm thinner, the corneal radius of curvature was 0.1 mm less, and the AL-CR ratio was higher after adjustments were made for age and weight. The association between BMI and visual acuity was statistically significant in girls but not in boys. Older and more obese children had better visual acuity (p < 0.001) after adjustments were made for age.

Conclusion

Height and higher BMI remained independently related to VA condition, AL and ACD elongation, and corneal flattening in preschool children after controlling for various covariates. These results provide critical insights into pediatric ocular health and emphasize the importance of early detection and intervention in both physical and ocular health in early childhood development.
Analysis of translatomic changes in the Ubqln2P497S model of ALS reveals that motor neurons express muscle-associated genes in non-disease states
Authors: Stansberry Wesley M. , Fiur Natalie C. , Robins Melissa M. , Pierchala Brian A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressively worsening motor symptoms that lead to eventual fatal paralysis. The number of gene mutations associated with ALS have increased dramatically in recent years, suggesting heterogeneity in the etiology of ALS and the need to develop new models of the disease that encompass these pathologies. In 2011, mutations in the UBQLN2 gene were identified in families with both ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and have since been linked to ubiquitinated TDP43 inclusion pathology. The involvement of UBQLN2 in ubiquitination and proteasome function suggests an important role in proteostasis, which is reported to be impaired in ALS.

Methods

A UBQLN2 mouse model was generated for the P497S mutation and recapitulates some of the motor symptoms of ALS. We utilized ribosomal profiling followed by mRNA sequencing of associated transcripts to characterize gene expression changes of motor neurons in the Ubqln2P497S model and evaluated ALS phenotypes in these animals.

Results

At 12 months of age, we observed reduced motor neuron survival and neuromuscular junction denervation in these mice that translated into motor deficits observed in locomotor behavioral trials. The sequencing of motor neuron transcripts revealed that Wnt pathways and muscle-related transcripts were downregulated in Ubqln2P497S mice, while metabolic pathways were upregulated.

Discussion

Surprisingly, genes often reported to be muscle-specific, such as Desmin and Acta1, were expressed in motor neurons and were dramatically downregulated in symptomatic Ubqln2P497S mice. The expression of muscle transcripts by motor neurons suggests their potentially supportive role in skeletal muscle maintenance.
Exploring the molecular profile of localized colon cancer: insights from the AIO Colopredict Plus registry
Authors: Ekmekciu Ira , Zucha Doreen Maria , Christmann Jens , Wisser Sarah , Heuer Vera , Sargin Buelent , Hollerbach Stephan , Lamberti Christof , Müller Lothar , Lugnier Celine , Verdoodt Berlinda , Denz Robin , Terzer Tobias , Feder Inke , Reinacher-Schick Anke , Tannapfel Andrea , Tischoff Iris
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Understanding the mutational landscape of colon cancer (CC) is crucial for targeted therapy development. Microsatellite instability (MSI-H), rat sarcoma (RAS), and B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) mutations (MT) are pivotal markers. Further investigation into clinicopathological features of RAS and BRAF MT in microsatellite stable (MSS) and MSI-H tumors is warranted.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 4883 localized CC patients (pts.) was conducted. Molecular profiling assessed MSI, KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF MT. Correlation with clinicopathological data employed ANOVA and Chi-square tests. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed adjusting for age, gender, sidedness, UICC stage, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). A Cox model incorporated all variables as covariates.

Results

This analysis included 4883 pts. (2302 female/2572 male, 3865 (79.2%) MSS, 1018 (20.8%) MSI-H). MSS pts. had more All-Wild Type (WT), KRAS MT, and NRAS MT tumors vs. MSI-H pts. (42.1% vs. 21.1%; 39.8% vs. 15.4%; 3.6% vs. 0.7%; p<0.001 for each). BRAF MT tumors (95.5% BRAF V600E MT) were more prevalent in MSI-H individuals (62.8% vs. 8.1%, p<0.001). KRAS and BRAF MT tumors were more frequently right-sided, while BRAF MT tumors were associated with female gender, advanced disease stage, lymph node positivity, and poorer differentiation in the MSS subset (p<0.001). Common KRAS mutations included p.G12D (30.44%) and p.G12V (21.3%) in MSS and p.G13D (28.9%) and p.G12D (22.37%) in MSI-H. NRAS MT tumors were dominated by codon 61 mutations (51.7%). Survival analysis revealed worst prognosis in BRAF MT MSS tumors (DFS: HR 1.74 (95% CI 1.15-2.62, p=0.009; OS: HR 1.61 (95% CI 0.99-2.6), p=0.055). The 3-years DFS and 5-years OS rates were lowest in this subset (61.6% and 57.7% respectively).

Discussion

These findings highlight the complex interplay between molecular subtypes, clinicopathological features, and survival outcomes in early CC. Further research is needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and develop personalized treatment strategies.
When a negative (charge) is not a positive: sialylation and its role in cancer mechanics and progression
Authors: Habeeb Issa Funsho , Alao Toheeb Eniola , Delgado Daniella , Buffone Alexander
Published: November 2024

Sialic acids and sialoglycans are critical actors in cancer progression and metastasis. These terminal sugar residues on glycoproteins and glycolipids modulate key cellular processes such as immune evasion, cell adhesion, and migration. Aberrant sialylation is driven by overexpression of sialyltransferases, resulting in hypersialylation on cancer cell surfaces as well as enhancing tumor aggressiveness. Sialylated glycans alter the structure of the glycocalyx, a protective barrier that fosters cancer cell detachment, migration, and invasion. This bulky glycocalyx also increases membrane tension, promoting integrin clustering and downstream signaling pathways that drive cell proliferation and metastasis. They play a critical role in immune evasion by binding to Siglecs, inhibitory receptors on immune cells, which transmit signals that protect cancer cells from immune-mediated destruction. Targeting sialylation pathways presents a promising therapeutic opportunity to understand the complex roles of sialic acids and sialoglycans in cancer mechanics and progression, which is crucial for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that can disrupt these processes and improve cancer treatment outcomes.
Targeting autophagy: polydatin’s role in inducing cell death in AML
Authors: Fu Ping , Luo Qing , Wang Chao , Chen Liping , Dong Chang , Yang Ke , Wu Guang
Published: November 2024

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a malignant disorder of the hematopoietic system, arises from leukemic stem cells (LSCs) and is the most prevalent form of blood cancer in adults. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of polydatin (PD) in AML through ex vivo and in vivo studies, respectively. This study was prompted by PD’s novel role in enhancing tumor apoptosis and modulating autophagy. In vitro studies were conducted using the PD-responsive AML cell line KASUMI-1 and found that PD was able to suppress cell proliferation and induce apoptosis by regulating the autophagy pathway. Subsequently, molecular docking was employed to predict the interaction between PD and Autophagy-related protein 5 (ATG5), a key regulator in the autophagy pathway. It was observed that PD inhibited the ubiquitination of ATG5 and enhanced its protein stability, leading to an increase in ATG5 protein levels and subsequent activation of the autophagy pathway (see in Abstract Graphed). The effectiveness and safety of PD in treating AML were confirmed through in vivo experiments using a mouse transplant tumor model, yielding definitive results. Collectively, these results suggest that PD is a promising candidate for the early therapeutic intervention of AML, with a strong potential for clinical application.
Assessing the needs of grandparents of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Huamin , Tao Jingyun , Lei Ying , Chen Rui , Fang Haixia
Published: November 2024

Background

Globally, there is an increasing trend in the incidence of premature births and low birth weight. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) care has become indispensable for these newborns. Nevertheless, this mode of care poses substantial economic, psychological, and health challenges to the families of preterm infants. Despite abundant evidence concerning the parents’ needs in the NICU, the needs of grandparents—vital family members—are frequently disregarded. This exploratory study aimed to assess the grandparents’ needs of preterm infants in the NICU, exploring the impact of demographic elements on these needs to offer guidance for clinical care practices.

Methods

This study employed a cross-sectional design and the Chinese version of the NICU Family Needs Inventory (NICU-FNI) to investigate the needs of grandparents. A total of 280 grandparents participated in the study, providing data by completing structured questionnaires related to their demographic profiles and needs. Statistical analyses were utilized to analyze the data, including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple linear regression.

Results

Six items about Assurance emerged as significant among the top 10 important needs, with two items for Information, one for Proximity, and one for Support; among the least important needs, nine items related to Comfort and Support were identified. The subscale “Assurance” achieved the highest mean score of 4.07 ± 0.49, followed by the subscales of “Information” and “Proximity,” registering mean scores of 3.50 ± 0.47 and 3.50 ± 0.46, respectively. This explorative study identified a correlation between the needs for Assurance and employment status, place of residence, gestational age, and birth weight (p < 0.05). Employment status, place of residence, and gestational age were identified as significant correlates for Assurance (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The foremost need identified by grandparents is Assurance of quality care for preterm infants, closely followed by the demand for thorough Information and the ability to be in Proximity to the infant. This exploratory study highlights that mitigating the strain on families with preterm infants, as well as recognizing and meeting the needs of grandparents, is of paramount importance.
Assessment of embodied visuospatial perspective taking in augmented reality: insights from a reaction time task
Authors: Renata Aidan , Guarese Renan , Takac Marcel , Zambetta Fabio
Published: November 2024

Understanding another person’s visual perceptions is known as visuospatial perspective taking, with evidence to date demonstrating it is delineated across two levels, depending on how different that perspective is. Some strategies for visuospatial perspective taking have also been found to involve embodied cognition. However, the current generalisation of these findings is limited due to experimental setup and the use of computer monitors as the interface for experimental tasks. Augmented reality interfaces could possibly extend on the generalisation of these findings by situating virtual stimuli in the real environment, thus providing a higher degree of ecological validity and experimental standardisation. This study aimed to observe visuospatial perspective taking in augmented reality. This was achieved in participant experiments (N=24) using the Left-Right behavioural speeded decision task, which requires participants to discriminate between target objects relative to the perspective of an avatar. Angular disparity and posture congruence between the avatar and participant were manipulated between each trial to delineate between the two levels of visuospatial perspective taking and understand its potentially embodied nature. Although generalised linear mixed modeling indicated that angular disparity increased task difficulty, unexpectedly findings on posture congruence were less clear. Together, this suggests that visuospatial perspective taking in this study can be delineated across two levels. Further implications for embodied cognition and empathy research are discussed.
Immunosuppressive therapies in scorpion envenomation: new perspectives for treatment
Authors: Reis Mouzarllem Barros , Arantes Eliane Candiani
Published: November 2024

Scorpion envenoming is a relevant and neglected public health problem in some countries. The use of antivenom is widespread in many regions, targeting specific species of scorpions. However, the uncontrolled proliferation and adaptation of these animals to urban environments, combined with limited access to treatments in remote areas and delays in antivenom administration contribute to a significant number of fatalities from scorpion-related incidents. In recent decades, new research has revealed that the immune system plays an important role in triggering immunopathological reactions during scorpion envenoming, which places it as a therapeutic target; however, few clinical studies have been conducted. This work provides a review of the main immunopathological aspects of scorpion envenoming, as well as the clinical trials conducted to date on the use of corticosteroids for the treatment of scorpionism. We highlight emerging treatment perspectives as well as the need for further clinical trials. The use of corticosteroids in scorpionism, when appropriate, could significantly enhance access to treatment and help reduce fatalities associated with scorpion stings.
An in-depth analysis of factors influencing small-scale cattle farmers’ participation in livestock markets in Western Province of Zambia: navigating challenges and barriers
Authors: Mumba Chisoni , Kasanga Bertha , Mwamba Chisanga T. , Sichilima Timothy , Siankwilimba Enock , Sitali Doreen C. , Munkombwe Joshua , Banda Reuben , Muma John Bwalya
Published: November 2024

Introductions

The low participation of small-scale farmers in livestock markets in sub-Saharan Africa, including Zambia, is a major inhibitor to private sector investment in the livestock subsector. Despite the immense potential of the livestock industry to bolster the economic development of countries in this region, several socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural factors contribute to this hindrance.

Methods

This study was conducted in the Western Province of Zambia and adopted a qualitative research approach to understand the challenges and barriers affecting livestock markets among smallholder cattle farmers. In-depth interviews were conducted with 23 key informants and focus group discussions involving key actors in the dairy and beef value chains. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the gathered data.

Results

Four themes, including socioeconomic, cultural, market dynamics, and policy and regulatory factors, emerged from this analysis. The sub-themes for socioeconomic factors included access to capital, infrastructure challenges, limited technical knowledge, and inadequate veterinary services. Cultural factors included traditional practices, social norms, and perceptions of livestock, and subthemes for market dynamics included price volatility, lack of market information, and middlemen exploitation. The sub-themes for policy and regulatory factors included policy inconsistencies, land tenure issues, and inadequate government support.

Conclusion

By identifying and understanding these factors, policymakers and stakeholders can develop effective and sustainable targeted interventions and policies to encourage smallholder cattle farmers’ participation in the livestock sector.
A New Approach to Recognize Faces Amidst Challenges: Fusion Between the Opposite Frequencies of the Multi-Resolution Features
Authors: Lionnie Regina , Andika Julpri , Alaydrus Mudrik
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes a new approach to pixel-level fusion using the opposite frequency from the discrete wavelet transform with Gaussian or Difference of Gaussian. The low-frequency from discrete wavelet transform sub-band was fused with the Difference of Gaussian, while the high-frequency sub-bands were fused with Gaussian. The final fusion was reconstructed using an inverse discrete wavelet transform into one enhanced reconstructed image. These enhanced images were utilized to improve recognition performance in the face recognition system. The proposed method was tested against benchmark face datasets such as The Database of Faces (AT&T), the Extended Yale B Face Dataset, the BeautyREC Face Dataset, and the FEI Face Dataset. The results showed that our proposed method was robust and accurate against challenges such as lighting conditions, facial expressions, head pose, 180-degree rotation of the face profile, dark images, acquisition with time gap, and conditions where the person uses attributes such as glasses. The proposed method is comparable to state-of-the-art methods and generates high recognition performance (more than 99% accuracy).
A VIKOR-Based Sequential Three-Way Classification Ranking Method
Authors: Xu Wentao , Qian Jin , Wu Yueyang , Yan Shaowei , Ni Yongting , Yang Guangjin
Published: November 2024

VIKOR uses the idea of overall utility maximization and individual regret minimization to afford a compromise result for multi-attribute decision-making problems with conflicting attributes. Many researchers have proposed corresponding improvements and expansions to make it more suitable for sorting optimization in their respective research fields. However, these improvements and extensions only rank the alternatives without classifying them. For this purpose, this text introduces the three-way sequential decisions method and combines it with the VIKOR method to design a three-way VIKOR method that can deal with both ranking and classification. By using the final negative ideal solution (NIS) and the final positive ideal solution (PIS) for all alternatives, the individual regret value and group utility value of each alternative were calculated. Different three-way VIKOR models were obtained by four different combinations of individual regret value and group utility value. In the ranking process, the characteristics of VIKOR method are introduced, and the subjective preference of decision makers is considered by using individual regret, group utility, and decision index values. In the classification process, the corresponding alternatives are divided into the corresponding decision domains by sequential three-way decisions, and the risk of direct acceptance or rejection is avoided by putting the uncertain alternatives into the boundary region to delay the decision. The alternative is divided into decision domains through sequential three-way decisions, sorted according to the collation rules in the same decision domain, and the final sorting results are obtained according to the collation rules in different decision domains. Finally, the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method are verified by a project investment example, and the results are compared and evaluated. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a significant correlation with the results of other methods, ad is effective and feasible, and is simpler and more effective in dealing with some problems. Errors caused by misclassification is reduced by sequential three-way decisions.
Assessing the Impact of Force Feedback in Musical Knobs on Performance and User Experience
Authors: Piao Ziyue , Frisson Christian , Kerrebroeck Bavo Van , Wanderley Marcelo M.
Published: November 2024

This paper examined how rotary force feedback in knobs can enhance control over musical techniques, focusing on both performance and user experience. To support our study, we developed the Bend-aid system, a web-based sequencer with pre-designed haptic modes for pitch modulation, integrated with TorqueTuner, a rotary haptic device that controls pitch through programmable haptic effects. Then, twenty musically trained participants evaluated three haptic modes (No-force feedback (No-FF), Spring, and Detent) by performing a vibrato mimicry task, rating their experience on a Likert scale, and providing qualitative feedback in post-experiment interviews. The study assessed objective performance metrics (Pitch Error and Pitch Deviation) and subjective user experience ratings (Comfort, Ease of Control, and Helpfulness) of each haptic mode. User experience results showed that participants found force feedback helpful. Performance results showed that the Detent mode significantly improved pitch accuracy and vibrato stability compared to No-FF, while the Spring mode did not show a similar improvement. Post-experiment interviews showed that preferences for Spring and Detent modes varied, and the applicants provided suggestions for future knob designs. These findings suggest that force feedback may enhance both control and the experience of control in rotary knobs, with potential applications for more nuanced control in DMIs.
A Novel Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimized Backpropagation Neural Network PID Controller for Four-Switch Buck–Boost Converters
Authors: Ren Luoyao , Wang Dazhi , Yan Xin , Zhang Yupeng , Wang Jiaxing
Published: November 2024

The emergence of intelligent control strategies has made optimization techniques essential for the precise control of DC converters. This study aims to enhance the performance of the Four-Switch Buck–Boost (FSBB) converter through control system optimization. Backpropagation neural networks (BPNNs) have been widely used for optimizing proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controllers. To further improve the FSBB control system, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is employed to optimize the BPNN, reducing dynamic response time and enhancing robustness. Despite these advantages, the PSO method still suffers from limitations, such as slow convergence and poor stability. To address these challenges, chaotic optimization algorithms are integrated with BPNN. The chaotic particle swarm optimization (CPSO) algorithm enhances the global search capability, enabling a faster system response and minimizing overvoltage. This hybrid CPSO-BPNN approach refines the optimization process, leading to more precise control of the FSBB converter. The simulation results show that the CPSO-BPNN-PID controller reaches a steady state more quickly and exhibits superior performance compared to traditional PID controllers.
Postharvest LED Treatment of Tomatoes Harvested at an Early Stage of Coloration
Authors: Grzegorzewska Maria , Szwejda-Grzybowska Justyna , Mieszczakowska-Frąc Monika , Matysiak Bożena
Published: November 2024

The tomato plant is one of the most important vegetable crops, with a global production of around 188 million tones. The greatest losses in quantity and quality occur during storage, transport, and sale. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of irradiation on the quality and storability of the tomato ‘Tomimaru Muchoo’. Fruit harvested at the turning ripening stage were illuminated for the first two weeks at 15 °C with four visible LED light spectra, with different percentages of blue, green, and red light (BGR). The illumination times were 4 and 8 h per day (hpd). After illumination, the tomatoes were stored at 20 °C in the dark for 4 weeks. Immediately after 14 d of illumination, all tomatoes were fully ripe, although they showed varying red color intensity. In addition, all fruit retained very good quality and freshness. During further storage at 20 °C, there was a gradual decrease in tomato quality. However, LED lighting helped delay softening, reduce rotting, and thus maintain better tomato quality. Longer daily irradiation (8 h) delayed tomato senescence to a greater extent than shorter irradiation (4 hpd). Comparing the spectra, the greatest reduction in softening and rotting occurred in tomatoes illuminated with the spectrum containing the highest amount of blue light (56%). These tomatoes also maintained the lowest color index (a*/b*) throughout storage at 20 °C, which was especially evident in tomatoes that had been illuminated for 8 hpd. The light treatment influenced the maintenance of higher levels of ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity in tomatoes. However, irradiation did not increase the polyphenol content of tomatoes or reduce the lycopene levels in the fruit. Overall, the results showed that LED irradiation during storage improves storability and affects the health-promoting components of tomato fruit. It is a promising tool for reducing losses of horticultural produce.
Croplands Quality Evaluation of Whole Tillage Layer Based on the Minimum Data Set in Jilin Province, China
Authors: Yan Jinyao , Xu Kangning , Du Dongming , Jia Xinyu , Fan Wei , Liang Yao , Li Dezhong , Zhang Ying , Ren Jun , Liu Jianzhao , Cai Hongguang
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to accurately evaluate the quality characteristics of whole tillage cropland and deepen the knowledge of sub-tillage soil quality evaluation in Jilin Province, China. In this study, top-tillage and sub-tillage soil samples were collected from 185 maize continuous cropping areas in Jilin Province, and 12 physicochemical indexes (pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), sand, silt, and clay) were used to evaluate the whole tillage layer soil quality index (SQI). The results showed that the whole tillage soil physicochemical indexes in Jilin Province were generally above the moderate level, and nutrient contents increased from West to East among the regions. The minimum data set SQI (SQI-MDS) of the top-tillage and sub-tillage layers were 0.22–0.98 (0.46) and 0.23–0.93 (0.55), respectively. The suitable ranges of MDS parameters for reasonable tillage layers were as follows: top-tillage layer SOM ≥ 34.5 g kg−1, 31.5% ≤ sand ≤ 53.5%, AP ≥ 32.1 mg kg−1, and TK ≥ 15.18 g kg−1; sub-tillage layer 31.3% ≤ sand ≤ 51.2%, TN ≥ 1.48 g kg−1, 6.4 ≤ pH ≤ 7.1, and AK ≥ 157.6 mg kg−1. In summary, the SQI and evaluation indexes of the top-tillage and sub-tillage layers in different ecological zones are varied. It is necessary to adjust the evaluation index thresholds in combination with the actual conditions to establish a more accurate evaluation index system of the whole tillage soil quality.