bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MICROCAPSULES IN MEDICINE: REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE AND PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION IN MICROENCAPSULATION OF ANTICANCER DRUGS
Authors: Sapronova A.K. , Denisyuk T.A. , Lositskaya O.S.
Published: April 2024

Microcapsules are an innovative form of drug delivery into the human body, which has attracted attention due to its great capabilities in various fields of healthcare. These small particles with a special shell have the potential to improve the processes of drug therapy, diagnosis, and treatment of dis-eases (for example, cancer), during which the effectiveness increases and the toxicity of many drugs decreases. Due to their small size (from 100 to 500 microns), microcapsules can transfer and protect the active components of drugs, ensuring their accurate and targeted delivery to the site of ac-tion in the body. Currently, a promising area is the study of microcapsules in which antitumor drugs are placed. The active substance is delivered di-rectly to cancer cells, which increases the concentration of the drug in the tumor and at the same time reduces its effect on healthy tissues. This ap-proach will help improve cancer treatment outcomes and increase the chances of a successful recovery for patients without any dangerous side ef-fects. The purpose of the work is to analyze modern research related to the microcapsulation of various drugs, especially in the field of oncology. The literature is analyzed, including scientific domestic and foreign publications that have been written over the past ten years. The analysis of existing studies related to the use of microcapsules in medicine is presented. Some methods of obtaining a new form, its types, and applications in medicine, in particular in oncology, are considered. This review provides valuable information on a variety of research methods and promising uses of a process such as microcapsulation for the delivery of anticancer drugs, and can be one of the important resources for researchers developing new therapeutic approaches, as well as for doctors applying advanced cancer treatments through innovative therapies
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF SILYBUM MARIANUM FRUITS GROWN IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA
Authors: Saybel O.L. , Konyaeva E.A. , Kulyak O.Y. , Dul V.N. , Tsybikova O.M. , Tsydypov B.D.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Medicines of plant origin are widely used in the complex therapy of various diseases. Among the medicines of plant origin used for the treatment of chronic liver diseases, the most popular are preparations based on Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.). The aim of this work was to Silybum marianum fruits to evaluate the possibility of obtaining raw materials of pharmacopoeial quality in the dry-steppe zone of the Republic of Buryatia. Material and methods. The object of the study was Silybum marianum fruits of the varieties Debut and Start, obtained from experimental fields in Ivolginsky district of the Republic of Buryatia, as well as samples of Silybum marianum fruits received for analysis at the Testing Center of FGBNU VILAR from different regions of the Russian Federation. Results. As a result of the research it was found that climatic and geographical conditions of the dry-steppe zone of the Republic of Buryatia allow successful cultivation of Silybum marianum and obtaining raw materials (fruits) of pharmacopoeial quality. Conclusion. Silybum marianum fruits obtained from plants of the Start variety are not inferior to similar raw materials harvested in other regions of the Russian Federation in the content of the sum of flavolignans.
TYPOLOGY ANALYSIS AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STUNTING PREVALENCE, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND GRDP PER CAPITA IN PROVINCE OF BALI
Authors: Yudha I Made Endra Kartika , Pratiwi Ida Ayu Meisthya , Saskara Ida Ayu Gde Dyastari , Anandari I Gusti Agung Ayu Apsari
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the dynamics of the growth pattern and structure of each city/regency in the Province of Bali and try to see its relationship with the stunting prevalence in the Province of Bali. The analytical method used in this research is the Klassen Typology analysis technique and the Spearman Rank Correlation. The results of the Klassen Typology analysis, when correlated with stunting data, show that the Buleleng area which is a developed area (quadrant 1) has a high stunting prevalence of 10.30%, while Tabanan is a relatively underdeveloped area (quadrant 4) has a stunting prevalence below the average Province of Bali (6.6%). The results of the correlation test with the Spearman Test showed that there was no significant relationship between economic growth and GDP per capita partially on the stunting prevalence in Province of Bali, but each of the two variables had a negative relationship. Thus, further research is needed regarding other facts regarding the stunting prevalence in the Province of Bali, so that it can provide a clear picture of the variables that influence the stunting prevalence in each district/city.
HALAL INDUSTRIAL PARK: INOVASI KAWASAN GREEN ECONOMY DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN INDUSTRI KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Nuryanti  , Hak Muhamad Bai'ul , Singandaru Adhitya Bagus
Published: April 2024

This research aims to explain the innovation of Governor Regulation No. 6 of 2022 on Roadmap of West Nusa Tenggara Halal Industrial Park. The research used integrated literature approach which are the combination between literature review and systematic review. This method used to explain the concept of the Roadmap of Halal Industrial Park in terms of the Green Economy perspective and the empowerment of Small and Medium Industries (SMI) in Wes Nusa Tenggara Province. The results show that the Roadmap of Halal Industrial Park is a clean and clear green location that functioned for scaling up and increasing productivity of SMI. The Roadmap of Halal Industrial Park ensures the sustainability of raw materials for industry through integrated urban farming. This regulation also assures the empowerment of SMI from the production process to market segmentation. Furthermore, the SMI will be encouraged to produce national and international product standards.
Miskonsepsi Pengukuran Sudut Segitiga Kelas IV SD: Kajian Literatul
Authors: Amalia Nur , Hikmawati Roudlatul , Maula Inayatul , Nadhiro Uswatun , Putri Siti Fatimah Dewi
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi yang mungkin terjadi pada materi pengukuran sudut di kelas 4 Sekolah Dasar (SD). Melalui kajian literatur, kami menyelidiki berbagai sumber dan studi terkait untuk memahami kesalahan pemahaman yang mungkin dialami oleh siswa. Temuan dari literatur menyoroti beberapa area di mana miskonsepsi sering terjadi, serta strategi yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Dengan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang miskonsepsi yang umum terjadi dalam pengukuran sudut, diharapkan dapat dikembangkan pendekatan pembelajaran yang lebih efektif untuk membantu siswa memahami konsep tersebut dengan lebih baik.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran STAD berbantuan Papan Kartu pada Materi Vektor SMA terhadap Komunikasi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Fitri Umardiyah  , Lintang Prameswari  , Wisnu Siwi Satiti
Published: April 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of finding out the effect of STAD learning assisted by card boards on vector material on the mathematical communication skills of class X students at MAN 9 Jombang. This research uses a quantitative approach with the Intact-Group Comparison type Pre-Experimental Designs method. The subjects of this research were class X students of MIA MAN 9 Jombang. The research instruments used were lesson plan implementation observation sheets, oral communication observation sheets, card board questions, and test questions as the main instruments. As well as learning implementation plans (RPP) and questionnaires as supporting data. The test instrument consists of five questions about vectors for students' written mathematical communication skills. Then the oral communication observation sheet contains statements that are used to determine students' oral mathematical communication abilities. The data analysis technique used is hypothesis testing. Before testing the hypothesis, the data obtained is first tested for normality. Based on the calculation of the independent sample t test, it shows that the significance value is <0.001, the significance is <0.05, so it can be concluded that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This shows that STAD learning assisted by card boards on vector material has an effect on students' mathematical communication skills.
An Analysis of Figurative Languages Used in Disney Songs’ Lyrics by Naomi Scott and John Legend Featuring Ariana Grande
Authors: Ramadhani Elvia , Fitriana Eka , Isnaini Muh. , Nuriadi
Published: April 2024

The research delves into the fascinating world of Disney songs and their use of figurative language, exploring how this impacts children's language skills and creativity. With the aim of closely analyzing three specific Disney songs, the study seeks to uncover how these beloved tunes effectively utilize different forms of figurative language to communicate important moral values. Through careful examination, the study identifies five key types of figurative language present in these songs: metaphor, simile, personification, hyperbole, and paradox. By taking a closer look at how Disney songs employ these various forms of figurative language to convey deeper messages that resonate with audiences, educators can gain valuable insights into using music as a powerful tool for facilitating language development and promoting moral understanding in young children. The study emphasizes the potential role that beloved Disney songs can play as effective educational tools for fostering greater comprehension of language and encouraging strong moral values among young audiences. Overall, this research serves as a valuable reminder of the importance of creative expression in education - demonstrating how even something as seemingly simple as a catchy tune can have profound impacts on children's cognitive and emotional development.
Teaching English to Students with Developmental Disabilities: A Study on A School for Disabilities Students in East Lombok
Authors: Ismayani Rahmi , Sahuddin  , Arafiq  , Amin Muhammad
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to investigate the teachers’ problems in teaching English to students with developmental disabilities and the factors that cause the problem to arise. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The subjects of this study were 2 teachers on a school for disabilities students, one teacher was from SMPLB (Sekolah Menengah Pertama Luar Biasa) and one Teacher was from SMALB (Sekolah Menengah Atas Luar Biasa). The data was collected through interviews and observations. The research findings showed that the teachers had problems in teaching English to students with developmental disabilities such as difficulty in find appropriate teaching approach strategies, difficulty in applied sign language, difficulty in explain themselves in English especially orally, and difficulty in managing students. Several factors caused the problems, such as the teachers lack of expertise in teaching English, teachers’ lack skill in classroom management, teachers lack in mastery subject, and teachers lack of skill in general communication with students
Students’ Anxiety in Learning Englih (A Case Study at Eleventh Grade of SMK Al Istiqomah NW Mamben Baru)
Authors: Rifqi Moh. , Nawawi  , Junaidi Ahmad , Ahmadi Nur
Published: April 2024

This study aims to investigate types of anxiety experienced by the students in learning English and factors that contribute to students' anxiety in learning English in the Eleventh grade of SMK Al Istiqomah NW Mamben Baru. This is a qualitative descriptive research with a case study. The study was employed through observations, interviews, and documentation in data collecting. The data was analyzed through descriptive analysis. The result of the research showed that there were two types of anxiety were experienced by the students of Eleventh grade of SMK Al Istiqomah NW Mamben Baru in learning English, that were state anxiety and state anxiety. In term of causes there were three causes that contribute to students’ anxiety in learning English; firstly, was communication apprehension. Secondly was fear of negative evaluation. Thirdly is lack of vocabulary and grammar.
An Analysis of The Influences of Kumon Learning Method Toward The Learning of English as A Foreign Language
Authors: Farani Maya Anisa , Farmasari Santi , Isnaini Muh.
Published: April 2024

Seeing the fact that English began to be used as an international language and children began to learn it, Kumon Learning Institute began to develop English lessons called EFL (English as a Foreign Language). However, the different influence of Kumon Learning Method toward the learning of English as a Foreign Language to the existing students and new students remain questionable. The purpose of the study is to identify and describe the different influence of Kumon Learning Method toward the learning of English as a Foreign Language between the existing students and new students. The reasearcher used descriptive qualitative approach to support this research. The population of this research is English as a Foreign Language students in Kumon Sweta which consist of 29 students, and all of them were taken as samples. In this research, data was collected by observation and interview. The data was analyzed using the theory from Miles and Huberman (2014), started from data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verifying. The research showed that there are differences in the influence of Kumon learning method toward the learning of English as a foreign language to the existing and new students. The differences include language skills, study habits, confidence, independence, and progress and skill development. Additionally, both existing and new students can experience boredom because of various factors such as different preferences and learning styles, so it cannot be classified at certain times. The implication of this research is the need for an approach between teachers and students to be able to determine learning programs that are appropriate to students' abilities and learning styles, so as not to have a negative impact on the learning process.
Effectiveness Tapak Dara Leaf Extract (Catharanthus roseus) Against Corpus Luteum Formation in Mice (Mus musculus) Female
Authors: Merta I Wayan , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of Tapak Dara leaf extract (Catharanthus roseus) to corpus luteum formation in mouse ovaries (Mus musculus) female. This research uses a true experiment and Posttest-Only Control with a quantitative approach. The sample was determined using a random sampling technique with a randomized group design (RAK) research design. The formation of the corpus luteum in the ovaries of mice is known by counting the number of corpus luteum in the mouse ovary incision. The data obtained were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) test analysis method at a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05), then continued with the Least Significant Difference (BNT) further test at a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05). Hypothesis test results state F Count(3.094) > F table (3.006).  So, this research can conclude that Tapak Dara leaf extract (Catharanthus roseus) is significantly effective in the formation of corpus luteum in female mice (Mus musculus).
Implementasi Doktrin Tanggungjawab Komando Dalam Berbagai Kasus Pelanggaran HAM Berat di Indonesia
Authors: Khairunisyah Khairunisyah
Published: April 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan doktrin tanggungjawab komando dalam mengadili para pelaku pelanggaran HAM berat di Indonesia. Penelitian hukum ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian hukum ini menggunakan data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Teknik pengumpulan data sekunder menggunakan studi kepustakaan dengan menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan, dokumen resmi, literatur, dan karya tulis, putusan pengadilan yang berhubungan dengan materi penelitian. Penelitian hukum ini menggunakan dua pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Penelitian hukum ini akan dianalisis melalui analisis kualitatif. Pembahasan dalam penelitian ini bahwa penerapan doktrin tanggungjawab komando dalam mengadili para pelaku pelanggaran HAM berat di Indonesia tidak dapat menjerat para pelaku pelanggaran HAM berat. Terhadap empat putusan pengadilan terkait penyelesaian kasus pelanggaran HAM berat kategori kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan tersebut para pelaku pelanggaran HAM berat di bebaskan. Hal ini disebabkan karena ketidakmampuan jaksa ad hoc dalam merumuskan dan membuktikan secara tepat unsur-unsur penting dalam perbuatan pelanggaran HAM berat kategori kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan dan unsur-unsur penting dalam doktrin tanggungjawab komando yang meliputi unsur sistematis, unsur meluas, unsur komandan militer/seseorang yang secara efektif bertindak sebagai komandan militer, unsur pembiaran oleh komandan/pimpinan, serta unsur komandan/pimpinan harus mengetahui.
Linguistic Forensic Analysis On Car Rental Agreement At Private Car Rental Agency
Authors: Orias Marco , Kurniawan Zaenal Hery
Published: April 2024

Linguistic forensics can be seen as an applied linguistic science because forensic linguistics uses the application of language analysis that can include phonetics, phonology, lexigramatika, semantic discourse, and other linguistic elements for the benefit of legal processes. In its increasingly dynamic development, language analysis in forensic linguistics has a unique dimension that requires special study. This research aims to discuss aspects in the dimension of language analysis used for forensic linguistics with the main variety of writing. The discussion of the variety is associated with the language used in the lease agreement as well as the context implied in it. The discussion is also enriched with references to several studies to display the potential that can be explored more deeply. The method used in this study is the qualitative descriptive method because this research focuses on the dimensions of language analysis that are typical in forensic linguistics i.e. comparative dimension, differentiator, and gauge. It is expected that this article can contribute insight into the development of forensic linguistics research.
Efficacy of topical cyclosporine 0.5% in vernal keratoconjuctivitis.
Authors: Amber Khalid  , Kanwal Zehra Rizvi  , Quratulain  , Aveen Fatima
Published: April 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Topical cyclosporine 0.05% in comparison to topical artificial tear formulation (Tear Natural II) in the treatment of severe VKC. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Ziauddin University Hospital. Period: July 1 2022, to June 30, 2023. Methods: A group of individuals presented at the eye outpatient ophthalmology department (OPD) with complaints of redness, itching and watery discharges underwent clinical examination and were diagnosed with VKC based on inclusion criteria. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS 23, with the Chi square test employed for variable comparisons. Result: In this study of 92 diagnosed VKC cases, participants were divided into two groups: Group 1 (interventional) and Group 2 (control), consisting of 47 and 38 individuals, respectively, with an average age of 9.6±2.3 years. Among them, 64 were boys (75.3%), and 21 were girls (24.7%). Group 1 showed improvement with a majority experiencing mild or quiescent symptoms, while Group 2 demonstrated worsening conditions, with a substantial portion reaching severe or very severe stages during the final follow-up assessment after six months. Conclusion: In conclusion, our research highlights the effectiveness of the topical cyclosporine o.o5% in significantly improving the condition of VKC patients over a six-month period.
Review on Nanotechnology Applications in Sericulture
Authors:   1 Research Scholar, Department of Sericulture, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam - 641301, Tamil Nadu, India 2 Assistant Professor, Department, V Vasanth , K Senguttuvan ,   2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sericulture, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam - 641301, Tamil Nadu, India, KA Murugesh ,   Department of Sericulture, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam - 641301, Tamil Nadu, India 2 Assistant Professor, Department
Published: April 2024

Recent decades have witnessed the transformative impact of nanotechnology across various technology and industry sectors, ushering in significant improvements and, in some cases, revolutionary changes. Nanotechnology integrates progress achieved in chemistry, physics, materials science, and biotechnology to craft innovative materials with distinctive properties attributable to their structuring at the nanometer scale. Sectors such as information technology, energy, environmental science, and transportation are all benefiting from nano-technological advancements. The study investigated Spirulina-mediated titanium dioxide nanoparticle’s effects on silkworm economic traits. Characterization revealed uniform nanoparticles with a size of 97 nm. Silkworms fed with 50 ppm concentration showed improved weight, cocoon traits, silk quality, and reduced renditta. This suggests the potential benefits of nanoparticletreated mulberry leaves in sericulture.
AVALIANDO O MÉTODO UTILIZADO PELO MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE E PELO GOVERNO DO ESTADO DO PARÁ NA CONSIDERAÇÃO DOS MUNICÍPIOS PRIORITÁRIOS EM AÇÕES DE COMBATE AO DESMATAMENTO
Authors: Valle Bruno Cerutti Ribeiro do
Published: April 2024

Com o advento do Código Florestal em 2012, houve uma intensificação nas
discussões acerca dos desmatamentos, principalmente os ocorridos na Amazônia, através
destas discussões surgem ferramentas para detectar e controlar os desmatamentos. No
que diz respeito ao Estado do Pará, dados estatísticos têm sido utilizados para identificar
quais municípios são os maiores desflorestadores e a partir daí se implantar ações e
punições para aqueles que não cumprissem as metas. Em termo de compromisso firmado
entre vários entes federativos e entidades, surge o Programa de Cálculo do
Desflorestamento da Amazônia – PRODES, que juntamente com o Instituto Nacional de
Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE tem feito o cálculo de desmatamento por corte raso no Estado
do Pará, cálculo este utilizado para se estabelecer os índices de desmatamento e
consequentemente a categorização dos municípios paraenses em Embargados, Sob
Pressão, Verdes, Consolidados e Florestais. Tal índice não tem considerado outros fatores,
como área de floresta remanescente e área territorial para classificar os municípios,
criando uma discrepância, onde, percentualmente, existem casos de municípios verdes
com desmatamento superior a municípios embargados. Este artigo fez uso das
informações coletadas no sitio do INPE referentes ao PRODES, entre os anos de 2012 a
2016, analisados e discutidos seus resultados, com o objetivo de avaliar os dados para
além dos números absolutos, olhando também para outros caracteres que compõe o
cenário do desmatamento no Estado do Pará.
O Esporte Coletivo e suas vertentes na Educação Física
Authors: Leal Leon Claudio Pinheiro , Duarte Juliana dos Santos , Santos Júnior Oelgnandes , Aquino Jair Augusto da Silva , Silva Ariel Caroline Santos da , Neves Brenda Silvana Leal , Freitas Julie Ane dos Santos , Dickson Luiz Vitor Solon de Oliveira , Cardoso Marilene da Silva , Oliveira Jose Fabricio Lima de , Silva Leonardo Silva da , Costa Filho Artur Elias de Jesus , Farias Charles dos Santos de , Lima Daiane Cristina Amador de , Cravo Everton Vitor da Silva , Rutkowski Kauã Mendes Santiago , Silva Matheus Roberto Balieiro , Dias Davi Gonçalves , Brito Eduardo Vinicius Mesquita de , Santos Gabriel Monteiro dos , Santos Lohane Pereira , Maia Nicolas da Silva , Macedo Thalissa de Lima , Santos Deivid Willian Souza dos , Monteiro Tulia de Sousa , Falcão Janaina Mendes Siqueira , Maues Diego Rafael dos Santos , Oliveira Elizandra Silva de , Queiroz Henrique Gabriel Ribeiro de , Lopes Kleberson Mendes , Silva Rebekah Enery Lima da , Pinheiro Luiz Pedro Costa
Published: April 2024

O esporte é uma atividade física que pode ser praticada de forma individual ou coletiva. É uma forma de lazer, entretenimento e competição, e pode ser uma importante ferramenta para o desenvolvimento humano.
No contexto do desenvolvimento infantil, o esporte pode contribuir para a formação de valores, habilidades e atitudes positivas. Ele pode ajudar as crianças a desenvolverem o senso de cooperação, respeito às regras e ao próximo, e a lidar com frustrações e vitórias. Além disso, o esporte pode ser uma fonte de diversão e prazer, e contribuir para a saúde física e mental das crianças.
Este livro aborda o esporte sob três perspectivas: esportes coletivos, primeiros socorros e desenvolvimento humano. Este livro é destinado a pais, educadores e profissionais da área de educação física. Ele pode ser utilizado como material de apoio para o ensino de esportes coletivos, primeiros socorros e desenvolvimento humano.
Immunohistochemical and Clinicopathologic Profiling of Pituitary Adenomas at a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Uchime KE , Ajayi OO , Awolola NA , Bankole OB , Anunobi CC
Published: April 2024

Background: Pituitary adenoma is the most common pituitary tumour and the third most common intracranial tumour worldwide. Only a few studies have been done in Africa on the immunohistochemical expression pattern and clinicopathologic presentations of the different hormonal subtypes of pituitary adenomas.
Objective: To evaluate the immunohistochemical hormonal profiles and clinicopathologic behaviour of pituitary adenomas diagnosed within ten years at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: In this 10-year retrospective, cross-sectional study, all cases of pituitary adenomas diagnosed at the hospital mentioned above between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2018 were analysed. Their paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and then with immunostains for growth hormome (GH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (PRL), using their standard immunohistochemistry protocols.
Results: Seventy pituitary adenoma cases were studied. The male-to-female ratio of the patients was 1.6:1. The median age was 45 years, and the peak age of occurrence was the fifth decade for both sexes. Most were null cell adenomas (44.7%) and FSH-beta gonadotrophs (22.9%). The least diagnosed were thyrotroph (1.4%) and corticotroph adenomas (1.4%). Most of the adenomas were macroadenomas, and the most common presenting symptom was visual impairment.
Conclusion: Pituitary adenoma is commoner in males in their 5th decade of life at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. The null cell adenoma is the commonest type of pituitary adenoma diagnosed in the center, and the majority of the patient diagnosed with pituitary adenoma present late with complications of visual impairment.
Structural relationships of the younger granites of Tirmini (Damagaram south-east, Niger)
Authors: Lawali Idi Chamsi  , Sanda Chékaraou Mahamane Moustapha  , Ibrahim Maharou Hassane  , Hamza Mayaki Issoufou  , Ahmed Yacouba
Published: April 2024

The Tirmini anorogenic ring complex is located approximately 25 km west of the town of Zinder, in the pan-African province of Damagaram-Mounio, the southeastern terminus of the Benin-Nigeria Shield. The aim of this study is to characterise the anorogenic deformation affecting the Tirmini younger granites. The petrography of Tirmini evolves from rhyolites to microgranites, granites and quartz alkaline syenite emplaced during anorogenic magmatism in the Permian (295 Ma). Very little structural data is available on the Tirmini complex. Only a cursory study of deformation has been carried out, without characterisation of the stages of anorogenic deformation or structural interpretation. The aim of this study is to characterise the structural evolution of the Tirmini younger granites. The methodology used is based on the exploitation of satellite imagery and mapping, supported by an analysis of deformation carried out in the field using Canvas software. The geological structures revealed include 360° schistosities, fracture schistosities, detachments (dexter and sinistral) anµ diaclases. The rheology of these structures has revealed two chronologically marked stages of anorogenic deformation (i) semi-ductile to brittle, Sd1, and (ii) frankly brittle, Sd2. The first stage of deformation is contemporaneous with magmatic activity, producing 360° schistosities linked to magma swelling and fracture schistosities (S1: N45°-N60° and S2: N75°-N95°) associated with the emplacement of granites and syenite. The second brittle stage, Sd2, is characterised by a system of conjugate dextral and sinistral detachments and two families of diaclases (F1: N45°-N60° and F2: N120°-N150°) associated with the emplacement of the pluton and the cooling of the magma.
Speed sense: Smart traffic analysis with deep learning and machine learning
Authors: Parwateeswar Gollapalli  , Neha Muthyala  , Prashanth Godugu  , Nikitha Didikadi  , Pavan Kumar Ankem
Published: April 2024

The main reason for many road accidents in modern times is speeding and negligent driving. This project aims to identify vehicles that exceed the speed limit and employs a machine learning algorithm for this purpose. It eliminates the need for manual checks by the police to identify speeding vehicles. The project involves vehicle detection and tracking as key steps, enabling us to classify the type of vehicle, their respective speeds, and the count of vehicles passing through given region. Counting the number of vehicles helps manage traffic, allowing us to identify peak traffic times and take necessary precautions to avoid long traffic jams. Vehicle tracking is the process of detecting a moving vehicle using a camera. Capture vehicle in video sequence from surveillance camera is demanding application to improve tracking performance. This technology is increasing the number of applications such as traffic control, traffic monitoring, traffic flow etc. Video and image processing are vital for traffic surveillance, analyzing, and monitoring in urban areas. Recent speed estimation methods prioritize accuracy and cost-effective hardware implementation.
Combination of gentamicin and clindamycin as a promising therapy for multidrug-resistant (MDR) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated in Enugu State
Authors: Miriam Goodness Udochukwu Nwaneri  , Ijeoma Ngozi. Ebenebe  , Chinenye Henrietta Nedum  , Vincent Chima Okore  , Anthony Amaechi Attama  , Udochi Anayo Ugo  , Lilian Ngozi Chukwuma  , Chukwunonso Marbel Eduzor
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is prevalent in Nigeria. Due to its increasing resistance to treatments with single antibiotics, such as vancomycin and others, it has become necessary to identify appropriate combination of antibiotics for treatment. This research tested the proneness of MRSA isolated in southeastern Nigeria to a combined treatment of selected antibiotics (vancomycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, and ceftriaxone), to identify the best combination for the treatment of MRSA isolated in the region. Methods: Various samples from patients were obtained in three laboratories in Enugu, Nigeria and cultured for isolation and purification. Minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, and ceftriaxone antibiotics against the purified isolates was determined and the combined activity of the drugs on the isolates was also evaluated using Checkerboard-technique. Results: MRSA isolates were found to be highly prevalent in the clinical samples. They also showed multidrug-resistant traits. The different combinations of antibiotics against different species of MRSA indicated synergistic, indifferent, additive, and antagonistic effects. The best combination that could treat muti-drug resistant MRSA was found to be gentamycin and clindamycin. MRSA has developed resistance to many drugs, making its infections difficult to treat. The combination of gentamicin and clindamycin is a promising strategy for treating MRSA in the region.
Overweight /obesity, physical inactivity and multimorbidity among adults attended at primary health care in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Amira Kurspahic Mujcic  , Amra Mujcic  , Amira Skopljak
Published: April 2024

Multimorbidity, defined as the occurrence of two or more chronic diseases within the same patient, is one of the most important public health problems in the world and in our country, which has a significant negative impact on individuals, families and the society. Obesity and physical inactivity are one of the most significant risk factors for multimorbidity. The aim of the study was to explore the association between body mass index, level of physical activity and multimorbidity among adults attended at primary health care in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. This cross-sectional study evaluated 300 respondents in two groups of 150 each (i.e. normal weight and overweight/obese). The respondents were supposed to fill out a questionnaire that included questions about their age, gender, marital status, educational level, leisure-time physical activities and multimorbidity. Respondents were weighed and measured, and body mass index was calculated. Normal weight and physically inactive respondents (OR: 3.59; 95% CI: 1.56-8.23 p=0.003), overweight/obese and physically active respondents (OR: 3.99; 95% CI: 2.19-7.26 p=0.000), overweight/obese and physically inactive respondents (OR: 5.87; 95% CI: 3.04-11.31 p=0.000) were significantly more likely to report multimorbidity than normal weight and physically active respondents. Our findings underline the importance of maintaining a healthy weight and being physically active in order to reduce risk of multimorbidity.
Harmonizing indigenous knowledge systems to the Indian educational philosophies for quality education: A review study
Authors: Maheshkumar S  , Soundarapandian M
Published: April 2024

Integration of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) and Indian educational philosophies into the National Education Policy of 2020 (NEP 2020) holds immense potential for advancing Sustainable Development Goal Four (SDG 4) - Quality Education. This review study explores the impact and challenges of harmonizing Indian educational philosophies with NEP 2020 and investigates its alignment with achieving quality education for all. By recognizing the value of IKS and incorporating it into educational practices, India has the opportunity to foster cultural identity, promote sustainable development, and nurture holistic growth among learners. Drawing from the insights of indigenous knowledge (IK) and the philosophies of educational luminaries like APJ Abdul Kalam, Swami Vivekananda, Mahatma Gandhi, and Rabindranath Tagore, this paper highlights the historical significance, challenges, opportunities, and strategies for successful integration. The interplay between NEP 2020 and IKS emphasizes the need for inclusive, culturally sensitive, and sustainable educational approaches. By leveraging traditional wisdom alongside modern pedagogical methods, India can create a more empathetic and inclusive educational system that meets the diverse needs of its learners and contributes to the global agenda for quality education.
ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN AIR CUCIAN BERAS SEBAGAI PENGKAYA PROBIOTIK KOMERSIL PADA MEDIAKULTUR UNTUK PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI Daphnia magna
Authors: Yaqin Muhammad Haqqul , Farikhah Farikhah , Firmani Ummul
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine the formulation of probiotic feed fermented with rice washing water with different fermentation times to produce the highest growth of Daphnia magna. The research included experimental research using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments and repeated three times to obtain nine experimental units. Each container is filled with 2 liters of water with a Daphnia density of 20 ind/l. Treatment A: giving probiotics and rice washing water without fermentation; treatment B: giving probiotics and rice washing water with a fermentation time of 6 hours; treatment C: giving probiotics and rice washing water with a fermentation time of 12 hours. Based on research conducted for 12 days, the results showed that the fermentation time of probiotics and rice washing water affected the population density of Daphnia magna. Treatment C: Giving probiotics and rice washing water with a fermentation time of 12 hours is the best treatment compared to other treatments.
Using the golden ratio in detecting the aesthetics of Mosque facades: The case of contemporary Mosques in Erbil city
Authors:   Department of Architecture, College of Engineering, Salahaddin University - Erbil, Erbil 4401, Iraq, Jamal Rashid Saya , Ali Mustafa Faris , Radhwan Yaseen Faten
Published: April 2024

From ancient Greece till the present, the golden ratio has been considered one of the most significant criteria of beauty in art and architecture. Architectural forms are part of the visual language that is bound by the rules of geometry and proportion. This study aims to identify the extent to which contemporary mosques in the city of Erbil utilize the golden ratio in the aesthetics of their facades. The research attempts to answer the question: was the golden ratio implemented in designing the facade of contemporary mosques in Erbil? The study adopted a mixed quantitative and qualitative analysis method. To achieve the study's aim and answer its questions, six mosques built in the last decade in Erbil were selected. Qualitatively, survey and documentation followed. Quantitatively, Phi matrix software, AutoCAD, and graphic software were applied as a mathematical approach. The study concluded that only one case used the golden ratio in the design of its façade by 100%, while it did not exceed 75% in most other mosques. The study draws the attention of designers and architects in the field of mosque architecture to the adoption of the golden ratio in the designs of mosque facades because of its role in achieving the aesthetic aspect.
Evaluation of Residential Density of Single-Family Housing in Erbil Housing/Investment Projects
Authors:   Department of Architecture, College of Engineering, Salahaddin University,Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Mustafa Ghafour Beri , Ibrahim Aziz Mand ,   Department of Architecture, College of Engineering, Salahaddin University,Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: April 2024

Density, as a spatial concept, can be used to predict and manage how land is used. It also plays a role in determining how much capacity is present within a given area. Due to the rapidly growing population in the Kurdistan region, one of the major issues is housing. Over the past ten years, the Kurdistan Investment Board has started the construction of numerous residential complexes by investor companies. This study's objective is to evaluate the housing projects carried out by the investor sector to assess the population and housing density and land use balance evaluate the relation of green area with neighbourhood components. For the current study, five residential complexes were invested in (Zeitun city, Italian I village, Global city, Aynda II, Andazyaran city). Since the data are numerical, the applied methodology is quantitative. According to the findings, the net population density of Andazyaran city is higher than the Iraqi standard however the gross population density of Andazyaran city is over moderate levels of single-family housing standards. Gross accommodation density is showing same problems including Aynda II, While Zeitun City's land use balance is below average, Global City and Aynda II are in line with Iraqi standards. Indicators show low commitments regarding density parameters of more than one third of cases to updated housing standards.
Thermal analysis of an integrated solar combined cycle power plant and its application in southern Iraq
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Collage of Engineering, University of Mosul, Al-Mosul, Iraq, Luqman Ibrahim Rahmah , Habbo Mohammed Abdulrahman ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Collage of Engineering, University of Mosul, Al-Mosul, Iraq
Published: April 2024

Recently, simple cycle play a significant role in electric power production in Iraq. However, those units suffer from low thermal efficiency and low power output. In the present work, theoretical study is carried out aiming to improve the performance of (AL-Amara station 125MW). The present work includes three parts: the first part focus on the effect of ambient temperature on the performance of simple cycle including mass flow rate, power output, thermal efficiency and other parameters. In the second parts, a modification to simple cycle is implanted to be a combined cycle. The third part is studied the benefit of using solar unit for producing more steam to be supplied to the heat recovery steam generator wishing to produce more power and low emissing. Regarding, to simple gas turbine unit, the obtained results show that the mass flow rate is decreased nearly (10.8%) when the ambient temperature increased from (15-50) ºC. However, this reduction in mass flow rate of air is led to significant reduction in power output and thermal efficiency nearly (22.6%,13.2%) respectively. In the second parts, applying combine mode show a significant increase in power output and thermal efficiency nearly (32.5% and 32.3%) respectively. while the specific fuel consumption is decrease nearly (32.19%). Finally, the third parts when solar units are used, the gathered results show an acceptable increase for the amount of steam produced via solar units (21.02kg/s). The overall performance of the integrated cycle shows that the power output and the thermal efficiency increased nearly (11.28%and10%).
Enhance watershed algorithms using principal component analysis capabilities
Authors:   Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansour University, Dakhlia, Egypt, F. Mohamed Ahmed , Zaki Soliman Fayez Wanis , Mahmoud Ashour Mohamed ,   Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansour University, Dakhlia, Egypt
Published: April 2024

Traditional image segmentation algorithms have many drawbacks, such as over-segmentation and image distortion due to reflected light. The Watershed algorithm is one of the most popular image segmentation algorithms. Over-segmentation errors caused by overlapping targets in the image, as well as noise and glare, must be removed. In this article, we apply image processing using the watershed algorithm and propose to improve the algorithm based on principal component analysis. PCA is a popular technique for analyzing large datasets with many advantages per observation. PCA improves data interpretability while maximizing information content, enabling visualization of multidimensional data by finding image component gradients in a new space called the principle component that is unaffected by noise and reflected light. In contrast, the components mainly containing noise will eliminate with negligible information. This paper introduces three primary steps. The process involves applying the watershed algorithm to the image in the first phase, using the proposed approach (applying the watershed algorithm and suggesting an improvement based on principal component analysis) to the image in the second step, and comparing the outcomes of the two previous processes. Test results show that the suggested technique can achieve accurate and durable target shapes.
Experimental investigation of perforated multi-layered composite armor subjected to ballistic impact
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Collage of Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq, Mosa Muhanad , Fahem Ali ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Collage of Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK, USA, Thumbalam Guthai Achyuth ,   School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Architecture, and Technology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK. USA
Published: April 2024

Ballistic protection of vehicles has become an important endeavor, as it is concerned with how occupants can possess a comfortable feeling together with a high level of protection during a shooting incident. In recent years, numerous forms of armor have employed several kinds of distinct materials to produce a new generation of panels to address the crucial issues in the structure of armor, such as how to provide high protection with reduced density combined with further increasing the stacking and bond strength between the layers of the panel. This study attempts to use a different approach represented by engineering design to combine with the high impact resistance and low weight, moreover high bonding between the laminate of structure. The structure of the suggested armor consists of five main layers made of different materials, FRP composite materials, then two perforated layers of steel, followed by one perforated layer of rubber, and finally one layer of aluminum. These layers were tested via 9 mm caliber to specify the ability of each layer to absorb the energy of the projectile and then the configuration of the layers depending on the function of each layer. However, the results offer a significant ballistic performance with reasonably reduced mass and excellent bonding strength between the layers of the structure.