bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practical Application of High-Resolution Reservoir Simulation and High-Performance Computing for Accurate Modeling of Low Permeability Gas Condensate Reservoirs Production
Authors: Sharafutdinov Ruslan , Tyurin Victor , Fateev Dmitry , Skvortsov Sergey , Dolgikh Yuriy , Tokarev Denis , Shakhov Dmitry , Voznyuk Alexander , Pyatkevich Larisa , Kovaleva Elena
Published: October 2019

One of the main aspects that is worth paying attention to when planning the development of gas-condensate (GC) fields is accounting for and reproducing gas-liquid phase transitions that affect the flow of hydrocarbons (HC) in the reservoir as well as gas and condensate production indicators during the entire life cycle of the field. Undoubtedly, this effect will be more significant for cases with a complex gas component composition, high condensate content, as well as under conditions of low reservoir formation permeability and a high degree of areal and vertical heterogeneity. Compositional hydrodynamic modeling is a comprehensive tool for assessing hydrocarbon production capabilities, taking into account the phase behavior for GC field. The purpose of this work is to compare the various methods of improving the accuracy of numerical simulations and the reliability of the hydrodynamic modeling results for this type of reservoirs.

Using a high-resolution hydrodynamic simulator and a high-performance cluster system, multivariate simulations were performed to evaluate the effect of various parameters and options on the results of numerical simulations. The simulations were carried out using a compositional model, which is an analogue of a gas-condensate fields in Western Siberia within Yamalo-Nenetsky Autonomous Okrug (YNAO), based on geology, PVT and core, production history and well test data for vertical and subhorizontal wells, accounting for the presence of hydraulic fracturing. The work started with a detailed study of the challenge while the GC systems modeling on local sectors with further transition to a larger scale models using the results obtained on the previous step, taking into account their cross-validation.

Based on the results of the work, several important decisions (observations) were made, allowing determining the potential limits and the technical capability of modeling the GC systems with the required accuracy of phase transitions. In addition, the degree of influence if the numerical grid resolution and detalization of the PVT model (up to 50 components inclusive) on the gas and oil production and the pressure behavior was estimated. The simulation run time with various numerical schemes were also considered as factors affecting the simulation results on the sector and full-scale models. The analysis carried out and the results obtained can be further used by engineers dealing with GC field development as a guideline for choosing the modeling method depending on the complexity of the task and available computational resources.
Completion Technologies Evolution of Yuri Korchagina Wells and Operation Experience of the Intelligent Wells
Authors: Byakov Aleksandr , Eliseev Denis , Senkov Aleksandr , Shafikov Rustem , Mavrin Aleksandr , Lesnoy Aleksandr , Sibilev Mikhail , Bulygin Igor
Published: October 2019

The Yuri Korchagin field is the first of the fields introduced by LUKOIL in the Northern part of the Caspian Sea. The main object of development – Neocom-Volzhskaya Deposit is represented by a thin oil rim, with the underlying bottom water over the entire area of the Deposit with a massive gas cap.

Given the elongated configuration of the deposits and dimensions of the Eastern and Western parts, for drilling and production of hydrocarbons in the square fields placed one offshore ice-resistant fixed platform (OIFP) in the Western sector and the block-the conductor (BC) on the Eastern section.

In order to ensure the effective development of oil rims of the im field. Yu. Korchagina and reduction of geological risks associated with the lack of detailed information on the geological structure of the layers in the locations of producing wells, the adopted system of field development by horizontal wells of large extent. In total, more than two dozen production wells with the length of horizontal wells from 450 to 4900 meters have been drilled at the field.

In the conditions of the shelf field. Yu. Korchagina the most important aspect in the production of hydrocarbons is to ensure a constant and uniform flow of fluid to the horizontal barrel. The basis for this is to maintain equal depression at all points of the horizontal section and reduce the risks of gas and water breakthrough. This paper describes the evolution of the completion strategy of horizontal wells of extreme length, reveals the main characteristics of the completion systems used, the results of their operation.
Mobile Wellsite Compressors: New Lease on Life for Mature Gas Field
Authors: Sayfullin Ilnur , Vasyutkin Stanislav , Ermilov Andrey
Published: October 2019

These days more and more gas and gas condensate fields are reaching the late stage of development, which characterized with an increasing amount of challenges impeding recovery of reserves. In order to solve the problems, oil and gas companies employ different solutions which have certain conditions of practical application and different efficiency. Gas distributed compression solutions based on mobile wellsite compressors can be considered as one of the most modern and efficient solution. This technology has already established an excellent reputation in CIS countries and overseas by demonstrating the high result of implementation. However, in order to decide whether to implement this technology or not, it is required to elaborate a good feasibility study. The low level of the elaboration can easily overestimate the efficiency of the project as well as underestimate it thereby ensuing refusal of potentially efficient project. Since each project of technology implementation is unique it is not enough just utilize a common approach of project implementation to prepare an excellent feasibility study. Currently, it is quite difficult to find a methodology to prepare a decent feasibility study for mobile wellsite compressor implementation. The author while working on mobile wellsite compressor project has obtained solid experience which is reflected in this paper. Based on a dozen of integrated asset modeling simulations system of criteria for candidate selection for wellsite compressor installation was elaborated. In order to improve the efficiency and flexibility of the wellsite compressor operation an optimized approach to well hookup was advised. With the intention of improving the economic efficiency of mobile wellsite implementation set of recommendations was provided. The paper can be used as a basis for creating a solid feasibility study for wellsite compressor implementation. Recommendations provided in the article will enable not only improve the feasibility study but also minimize time and computational power allocated on the project.
Well Spacing Verification At Gas Condensate Field Using Deconvolution Driven Long-Term Pressure and Rate Analysis
Authors: Aibazarov Muratbek , Kaliyev Bakytzhan , Mutaliyev Galymzhan , Vignati Emanuele , Gulyaev Danila , Krichevsky Vladimir , Buyanov Anton
Published: October 2019

Well spacing optimization is very important at the stage of drilling the reservoir. It is critical for the whole project economics. After the reservoir is already drilled it is very important to understand does existing wells drain all the reserves of infill drilling requires to improve recovery. Such task was solved on a tested area - Western part of Karachaganak gas condensate field. It has a complex geology, built as a massive heterogeneous carbonate reef of a Carboniferous age. PVT properties of the reservoir fluid significantly varies with depth. The area is produced with horizontal wells to maximize contact with the reservoir.

The Multi-well Retrospective Testing (MRT) on base of multi-well deconvolution of historical rate and bottom-hole revealed well drainage area and well interference (1 – Aslanyan, 2018; 2 – Aslanyan 2017, 3 – Aslanyan 2019). The MRT study is showing a strong pressure depletion trend and a fair connection between wells in the certain areas like core of western build up.
Rapid Rock Nanoporosity Analysis Using Small Angle Scattering Fused with Imaging Data Based on Stochastic Reconstructions
Authors: Karsanina Marina V. , Volkov Vladimir V. , Konarev Petr V. , Belokhin Vasily S. , Bayuk Irina O. , Korost Dmitry V. , Gerke Kirill M.
Published: October 2019

Through recent decade pore-scale modelling techniques matured enough to establish their robustness for relatively simple porous rocks, in particular porous media with a narrow pore-size distribution within the resolution window of the X-ray microtomography devices. But modelling of flow properties for rocks with significant amount of nano-scale porosity requires additional multi-scale structure studies. Current imaging techniques are too limited or time-consuming to cover necessary volumes of porous media. Thus, we are in search of a fast, yet robust methodology to assess nan-scale pore structure which can be used to inform pore-scale models and improve the accuracy of flow and transport predictions. In this work we report some preliminary results on the usage of the small angle scattering techniques to access the nano-scale structural properties for two complex rocks: chalk and Bazhenov formation siliceous rock (shale). The pore-size interpretation of X-ray small angle scattering results is compared against mercury porosimetry results and scanning electron microscopy. We argue that obtained results show qualitative agreement which provides an alley for future technology to combine small angle scattering with stochastic reconstructions. To further elucidate the power of such approach we perform 3D stochastic reconstructions based on 2D SEM images and simulate apparent gas permeability using pore-network model accounting for slip and (Knudsen) diffusion effects. Compared to laboratory measurements of gas permeability our results show surprisingly good agreement. We discuss obtained results and future developments of such a novel technology.
Uncertainty of Structural Interpretation in Conditions of Lateral Variability in Middle East Oilfield
Authors: Baykov Ruslan , Butorin Alexander , Groman Konstantin
Published: October 2019

This study focused on developing a technique of structural framework building and uncertainty estimation of one of the Middle East oilfields. The investigated region is characterized by complex geological setting due to compound basin evolution through geological time. In these conditions high velocity variations are present in the subsurface, however the main issue of the given paper is another significant factor – change of stratigraphic patterns in the cross-section, which affects the interferential seismic response and may have a significant impact on the seismic interpretation.

The paper considers an approach to uncertainty assessment of the kinematic seismic interpretation of a complex geological section by the example of one of the Middle East fields located in the fold and thrust belt of Western Zagros.
4D TEM Surveys for Waterflood Monitoring in a Carbonate Reservoir
Authors: Sibilev Vyacheslav , Tokareva Olga , Kolesov Vladimir , Burdakov Dmitry
Published: October 2019

Complex geology, post-depositional alteration, and physicochemical features of sediments and pore fluids often pose problems to reservoir development planning. Meanwhile, lapse-time (4D) shallow resistivity surveys may be a good tool to monitor waterflooding used for formation pressure maintaining and oil recovery enhancement in highly resistive carbonate reservoirs. Testing at an area developed by the Irkutsk Oil Company, with regard to key sweep efficiency criteria, has demonstrated good fit of injection volumes inferred from TEM data to real values. These results have been obtained for the first time for a carbonate reservoir in East Siberia and are useful to enhance petroleum production in the region.
Methodological Features and Case Studies of the Seismic Data Usage on the Stage of Field Development
Authors: Kozyaev Andrey , Kurash Tatyana , Onuchin Sergey
Published: October 2019

Seismic data implementation on the exploration/appraisal stage and field development stage has a significant list of differences, due to varied amount and type of geophysical information available, along with different objectives of the surveys. This paper provides an integrated range of various existing methodological approaches to 3D seismic data usage at the field development stage. Along with recommendations suggested for the seismic survey on each stage, methodological features described and typical mistakes evaluated. To represent a practical side of the survey three case studies of oil fields with different geology provided. Two of the fields are in terrigenous reservoir and located in Western Siberia and one oil field with carbonate reservoir of Proterozoic age is located in Eastern Siberia.
Petroleum Potential of the North-Western Part of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Region KhMAO on the Basis of Petroleum System Development History Reconstruction
Authors: Bogdanov Oleg , Shuvaev Artem , Abraeva Takhmina , Sabirianova Regina
Published: October 2019

The depletion of traditional row hydrocarbons sources throughout Western Siberia forces new territories development. In such conditions the north–western part of the Khanty–Mansiysk Autonomous Area (KhMAA) characterized by relatively low licensing density may be assessed as one of the prospective region to increase the raw material base. The purpose of this paper is the hydrocarbon potential determination in the north–western part of the Khanty–Mansiysk Autonomous Area within the East–Ural Potential oil and gas area by the basin modeling method based on paleotectonic reconstructions results.

3D basin modeling of the western part of the KhMAA allowed identifying thr main source rocks of hydrocarbons in this area. The maximum mass generation of hydrocarbon was revealed within the boundaries of Frolov Megadepression. Therefore, the generation of hydrocarbon deposits only became possible due to oil and gas source rocks distributed across the Lyapin downwarp, Visim megaswell and Berezov monocline.

According to the basin modeling results, the oil and gas source rocks identified within the Visim megaswell failed to reach hydrocarbon generation windows. A more subsided position of Lyapin downwarp and Berezov monocline expects the presence of the source rocks of hydrocarbons here, especially when they identified here with MK–MK3 and MK1–MK2 catagenesis gradations. Nonetheless, the organic matter maturation is in the interval of 0–5%, which does not allow us to expect large amounts of generated hydrocarbons here.

Therefore, the sedimentary cover of the East–Ural Potential oil and gas area, within the boundaries of north–western part of the KhMAA is characterized by extremely low generation potential. The presence of large petroleum hydrocarbon accumulations there is highly improbable. The Visim megaswell is a potential to discover small (in terms of reserves) gas and gas–condensate fields there. Such fields will have the common source of hydrocarbons with the deposits of the Berezov monocline.

Basin modeling using increases efficiency and reduces the cost of exploration. Determining the stages of formation and destruction of hydrocarbon traps as well as comparing its with the results of modeling, allowes to assesment the prospects of the territories for the presence of large hydrocarbon deposits.
Appraisal and Management of Erosive Wear as a Tool for Facility Integrity Assurance Exemplified by the Oil-Gathering System of Novy Port Field, LLC Gazpromneft-Yamal
Authors: Blyablyas Alexander , Vershinin Sergey , Vernikovskaya Olga
Published: October 2019

In the current era of new materials, current technology limits and restrictions are de-bottlenecked. The application of new alloys and composite materials makes it possible to accelerate velocity, pressures and stress of mechanisms and systems. Despite apparent breakthrough technologies however, over 1 million failures of pipeline systems are reported annually. Those entail emergency situations, spillage of process fluids and oil products, corrosive media and cause irrecoverable damage to the natural environment.

The interest to inline research is caused by the fact that the existing inspection pigging and gravimetric methods using pilot joints only allow one to detect general destruction of the material in flow while predominant effect of each of the impacting factors remains unknown.

Parallel processes like corrosion and erosion are inseparable at the first glance especially in gas-liquid mixtures with high flow rates and existence of solids. Erosion is the destruction of material caused by the effect of dynamic flow of gas, solid particles and electrical discharges. The problem of erosive wear and consequently, the management and protection of pipeline systems and machinery elements becomes especially relevant nowadays.

It often happens that a gravimetric test reports high-rate destruction of metal and a false decision is made to increase inhibitor dosage; it is an often case, however, that it is erosive wear that causes destruction. Appraisal and selection of a clear and consistent method to appraise the rate of metal erosive destruction can help us clearly delineate between corrosion and erosion, and select a tool for the management of those processes, as well as increase operation time of pipeline systems between repairs and improve the quality of hydraulic calculations.

Regular alteration of the methods of lifting from producing wells is a common practice among oil companies. Minor changes in the fluid volume, physical or chemical composition of medium, or water cut when replacing pumping equipment for an oil gathering system do not, as a rule, affect the time between repairs of either the equipment, or field systems. It is a different story when part of the active producing stock is converted to gas lift which results in drastic increase of gas content in the produced multi-phase flow.

This manuscript will describe existing empirical methods for the calculation of erosive destructions and values of assumed coefficients / factors; it will also provide an appraisal of erosive impact on a specific section of an active oil-gathering system in Novoportovskoe ("Novy Port") field of LLC Gazpromneft-Yamal.
Contactless Monitoring Systems for the Offshore Production Platforms
Authors: Eremin Nikolai , Khusnutdinov Linar , Yusipov Ruslan
Published: October 2019

The report describes a contactless system for monitoring the technical condition of the production platforms. Technological binding of the caissons of offshore platforms requires the creation of a monitoring system. A monitoring system has been proposed to reduce the risk of operating production platforms with caissons. The complex of equipment for the monitoring system of the platform is described. The monitoring system is based on the use of the method of magnetic tomography.
Integration of a Multi-Frequency Dielectric Measurement and Advanced Wireline Logs for the Enhanced Characterization of Carbonate Reservoirs of the Western Kazakhstan
Authors: Valiakhmetov Rustem , Mendybaev Nurhat , Ramatullayev Samat , Charupa Mikhail , Seilov Yerlan , Abishev Abduakhit , Rziyeva Zarya , Salikova Nurgul
Published: October 2019

Saturation evaluation based on resistivity methods have been widely accepted industry standard for the decades. Formation Evaluation in carbonates usually relatively straightforward due to simple lithology and resistivity-based methods works perfectly due to high formation water salinity. However, complexity and variation of carbonate texture and wettability makes estimating of saturation solely on resistivity methods challenging especially in case of the paucity of special core analysis (SCAL) data.

New developments in logging technology, especially in dielectric logging, is aiming to improve the log derived interpretation and reduce the uncertainties of the evaluation. Outputs of dielectric dispersion logs including computation of Archie's parameters (m=n), water-filled porosity enable clearly identified the hydrocarbon-bearing zones despite misleading oil saturation calculated using resistivity-dependent saturation approach in front of most porous reservoir. Water saturation computed with inverted from dielectric measurement Archie's parameters allows accurately identify the type of fluid (hydrocarbon or water) filling the free pore space and gain insight prior to the formation sampling and well test.

The objective of this work is to describe a comprehensive approach integrating dielectric measurement and other advanced sets of wireline logs for petrophysical characterization of carbonate reservoirs. This paper is intended to discuss in detail a case study from the Western Kazakhstan in which the integration of advanced petrophysical logs has enabled a robust reservoir and fluid characterization of carbonate reservoir and provided insights for formation testing results in advance.

The extensive logging suite to address all the key challenges included standard logging, dielectric dispersion, nuclear magnetic resonance, and formation microimager. The reservoir fluids and dynamic properties were characterized by a series of formation sampling. The integration of dielectric, nuclear magnetic resonance and formation microimager measurements has played a major role in characterizing formation heterogeneity and reveal pore structure type, a dielectric multi-frequency measurement is being utilized to measure the flushed zone oil saturation relatively independent of pore fluid salinity, rock texture, and composition.

The comparative analysis of well-logging and well-test results was carried out. Saturation types of 6 tested objects out of 6 obtained from well-test show perfect match with predicted reservoir saturation from petrophysical evaluation.
Horizontal Wells Geosteering and Reservoir Characterization by Using Advanced Mud Logging on the Example of the Terrigenous Reservoir of Eastern Siberia
Authors: Rotaru Anna , Kushnikov Alexander , Vorobyov Vladimir , Podberezhnyy Maxim , Bakhursky Vladislav , Khalikov Roman , Fagereva Veronika , Partyko Denis
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the utilization of advanced mud logging to support drilling of horizontal well on the Ignyalinsky license area of Eastern Siberia. The advanced mud logging complex includes specialized software for recording and analysing geological and technical drilling parameters; technological sensors for registration of drilling parameters with the permissible limits of errors no more than 1%; advanced gas logging by using a high-resolution chromatograph at suction and return lines; geochemical analysis devices for XRF, XRD cuttings analysis and natural gamma radiation analysis of cuttings; the use of cuttings weighing machines to quantify the degree of the wellbore cleaning. This article discusses the application of listed data for geosteering and clarifying the geological model of the reservoir.

The lithological analysis of cuttings is carried out on the base of mineral and elemental cuttings composition, which, unlike field data of a standard mud logging survey, exclude the concept of "human factor" during analysing the lithology of cutting samples.

The data on mineral and elemental composition of wells were interpreted to clarify the lateral variability of the reservoir and to highlight potential reservoir intervals. Advanced gas logging was used to identify potential reservoir interval in pilot well, and consequently to plan MDT works.

Data on elemental composition of cuttings sample from pilot section and from core analysis of nearby exploration wells were used to construct geochemical profile of the reservoir. Furthermore, reference chemical elements were selected to mark the well position in the reservoir: exit above or beneath the target interval. XRF elemental analysis while drilling was used to improve borehole position in conjunction to LWD data.

The elemental composition of cuttings of horizontal well were used for facial interpretation, which is not captured by LWD tools. So, ancient fluvial channel bodies were identified on the base of geochemical rock typing, and potential reservoir intervals are suggested. The performed interpretation was verified by the resultsof the multistage hydraulic fracturing.
Experience of Using Various Horizontal Well Logging Technologies During Multi-Stage Hydraulic Fracturing at Sredne-Nazymskoye Field
Authors: Karpov Valery , Parshin Nikolay , Ryazanov Arsenty , Ovchinnikov Kirill , Novikov Igor , Malyavko Evgeny
Published: October 2019

In today’s operations in the conditions of drilling technologies active development, well completion and production intensification, there is a tendency towards increasing growth lengths of horizontal sections of horizontal drilling volumes, resulting in an increase of multi-zone hydraulic fracturing stages.

With existing conventional horizontal well logging methods, alternative technologies that utilize tracer-based inflow indicators are becoming more common. These technologies enable horizontal well production logging and allow users to obtain long-term analytical information.

The objective of this article is to analyze the efficiency of several production logging methods applied to horizontal wells with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing at Sredne-Nazymskoye field.

During the project, horizontal well oil and water inflows were monitored using a 15-stage hydraulic fracturing and the application of marked polymer-coated proppant. Monodisperse polymer microglobules, encoded for each stage of the multi-stage hydraulic fracturing and interacting selectively with water and oil, were used as markers. Upon completion of the stimulation works and once the well was put into operation, formation fluid sampling from the wellhead was carried out with subsequent analysis to determine the concentration of markers of each code and was associated with fracturing stages.

Well production logging with the marked proppant application was carried out periodically for several months, and the horizontal well profiles were built on the basis of the obtained analytical data. The results allowed us to conduct a long-term analysis of the stimulation efficiency for each of the hydraulic fracturing stages. We also used the data to assess the formation reserves development for each of the multi-stage hydraulic fracturing stages.

In contrast to conventional logging methods, the primary advantage of the horizontal well production logging technology is that there is no requirement to use special means of tool deliver and there is no risk of down-hole tools getting stuck or a loss or ambiguity of interpretation.

During the course of the study, the performance of the monitoring technology was confirmed using flow indicators placed in the hydraulic fractures, providing long-term selective interaction of marker particles with water and oil parts of formation fluid. The obtained geological and technical information contributes to further planning of effective geological and technical measures and additional oil recovery.
Conducting Multi-Stage Acid Hydraulic Fracturing in Carbonate Formations with Subsequent Intervals Production Efficiency Monitoring
Authors: Lutfullin Azat , Khusainov Ruslan , Manurov Ildar , Ovchinnikov Kirill , Malyavko Evgeny
Published: October 2019

Tracer (marker)-based horizontal well studies are becoming increasingly common in the oil industry with the application of the innovative inflow indicators allowing production logging in horizontal wells along the well. This allows users to obtain analytical information for the effective management of production and field development processes. These technologies can significantly reduce costs and risks for oil and gas producing companies compared to conventional logging methods.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the production logging of horizontal wells stimulated with multi-stage acid fracturing. The monitoring technology was based on injecting marker dispersions into formation together with the acid stream during hydraulic fracturing. Acid-resistant monodisperse polymer microglobules, encoded for each of the stages using quantum dots and selectively interacting with water and oil, were used as marker inflow indicators.

Acidic multi-stage fracturing was carried by utilizing a unique technology from "toe" to "heel" using a piercing perforator and CT with the injection of acid through the annular space. The separation of acid fracturing zones was carried out by the axial array packer. After the completion of stimulation works and after putting the well into operation, formation fluid sampling from the wellhead was carried out and analyzed to determine the number of tracers of each code.

Based on the obtained analytical data, the formation fluid inflow profile along the horizontal well was built, allowing us to analyze the stimulation efficiency for each of the acid fracturing stages.

Additionally, tasks such as the selection of the type and formulation of marker dispersions, their testing for compatibility with hydrochloric acid and hydraulic fracturing gel, working out the method for supplying tracers to the well and their placement in the formation, and evaluating the tracer particles adsorption degree in the rock were solved.

Unlike conventional production logging in horizontal wells, the applied technology does not require special means of tool delivery and minimizes the risk of downhole tools getting stuck in the well and ambiguous data interpretation. It also does not require significant working costs.

During the course of the work, the acid resistance and the physicochemical stability of the selected flow indicators in reservoir thermobaric conditions were confirmed. For the first time, production logging was conducted using the carbonate formation type and multi-stage acid fracturing, during which the inflow indicators were placed in eloxated acid fractures with long-term selective interaction of tracer particles with formation fluid. Based on the work results, geological and technical information was obtained for further planning of efficient geological and technical measures and additional oil recovery.
Development of the Technology for Obtaining Relative Phase Permeabilities at Different Temperatures Based on Digital Stochastic Poro-Network Modeling
Authors: Zhizhimontov Ivan Nikolaevich , Stepanov Sergey Viktorovich , Stepanov Anatoly Viktorovich
Published: October 2019

The article uses the description of the stochastic pore-network model to calculate the relative phase permeability functions (RPP) taking into account the effect of temperature. The development of virtual models consists in the creation of virtual digital models in which no model was found that uses stochastic reconstruction and the subsequent modeling of isothermal two-phase passage in grids of capillary channels at different temperatures. The calculation of the RPP at different temperatures is performed according to the model adjusted for the laboratory RPP data obtained at the initial reservoir temperature. The calculated RPPs were used in hydrodynamic modeling of the development of a highly viscous oil field site. According to the simulation results, the magnitude of the effect of taking into account the effect of temperature on the RPP was established.
PD-1 overexpression determines the disproportion of circulating Th1/Th17/Treg cells and clinical outcome of multiple myeloma
Authors: Kosmaczewska Agata , Masternak Anna , Kosciow Katarzyna , Ciszak Lidia , Usnarska-Zubkiewicz Lidia , Szteblich Aleksandra , Potoczek Stanislaw , Frydecka Irena
Published: October 2019

Background The role of particular immune checkpoints in the induction of systemic immunosuppression, which severely complicates the clinical course and prognosis in multiple myeloma (MM), is still unresolved. Only a subset of MM patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors derive benefits, suggesting differential participation of relevant receptors in the inhibitory signaling pathway. This study was undertaken to identify an immune checkpoint playing a key role in systemic T-cell-related immune deficiency in MM in the context of Th1/Th17/Treg cell distribution.Methods We used flow cytometry assay to examine the expression of PD-1, BTLA, and CTLA-4 in peripheral blood (PB) CD4 + , CD4 + CD127 + (Teff), and CD4 + CD127 - (Treg) T cell subsets as well as the balance of Th1/Th17/Treg cells. The study group consisted of 40 untreated (newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory) myeloma patients in different clinical stages. The obtained results were compared to those observed in 20 healthy controls.Results Among immune checkpoints studied, only PD-1 was expressed on a significantly increased proportion of circulating Teff and Treg cells in MM; we also noted a positive correlation of PD-1 expression with clinical stage. Furthermore, the percentage of PD-1 + Teff cells was correlated with beta2-microglobulin serum concentration and shorter overall survival (OS). We also found higher Th17 and Treg compartments in PB irrespectively of tumor stage; however, in some studied subsets, a decrease at stage III was observed. Moreover, PB Th1 deficit (more pronounced in advanced disease) was also observed. Except for the PD-1 + Teff subset, none of the examined cell population was related to OS.Conclusions The study indicates that PD-1 expression on circulating T cell subsets may contribute to the imbalance in PB Th1/Th17/Treg cell distribution and systemic immunosuppression in MM. PD-1 seems to be the only immune checkpoint determining clinical behavior of patients, thereby strengthening the therapeutic potential for inhibitors.
Social participation of students with special educational needs in inclusive elementary schools
Authors: Marlina Marlina , Kusumastuti Grahita
Published: October 2019

This article examines the social participation of students with special needs in four aspects, namely friendship, interaction, social self-perception, and  peers acceptance. This study discuss about the social participation of students with special needs in inclusive school. This research is descriptive quantitative and the relationship between the four aspects of social participation. The subject of this research are students with special needs and regular students in ten inclusive elementary school, Padang. The social self-perception was measured with three aspects such as the Self-Perception Profile for Children, The Self-Description Questionnaire and Peer Social Acceptance The results showed that the majority of students with special needs have a satisfying level of social participation. However, if compared with their peers (regular students), students with special needs are more likely to have difficulties on social participation. In general, students with special needs have fewer friends and have less cohesive friendship than their peers. In addition, students with special needs have less interaction with peers, more interaction with the teacher, and less accepted by their normal peers. Social self-perception of students with special needs and regular students are no different. There is no significant differences in social participation in both groups.
Serendipitous identification of Pratylenchus curvicauda from the grainbelt of Western Australia
Authors: Begum Farhana , Fosu-Nyarko John , Sharma Shashi , Macleod Bill , Collins Sarah , Jones Michael G. K.
Published: October 2019

A Pratylenchus species identified during a survey of Pratylenchus quasitereoides incidence at four locations of the grainbelt of Western Australia is described. Morphological and morphometric features indicated the previously undescribed morphotypes in nematode mixtures encountered were conspecific to P. curvicauda, and were clearly distinguishable from nine common Pratylenchus spp. Typical features of P. curvicauda were its body length (415–540 µm), which was curved to a c-shaped with a maximum body diameter of 20 µm, and the nature of its tail; 34 µm long, 2.8 µm wide at the anus and a typical ventrally arcuate with a round terminus. Sequenced for the first time, the sequences of the partial 18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-partial 28S (80 clones, 14 individual nematodes) and the 28S-D3 (17 clones) regions of the rDNA of P. curvicauda had overall mean distances of 0.013 and 0.085, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses with sequences of both segments of the rDNA clearly showed the P. curvicauda isolates as monophyletic, distinct from ca 40 Pratylenchus species. Notably, it was distinct from Pratylenchus species present in Australia including P. quasitereoides and a Western Australia isolate of P. thornei. Further research into the biology of P. curvicauda is needed to facilitate development of strategies for its management, if it is an important pest.
Solubility behavior of δ-AlOOH and ε-FeOOH at high pressures
Authors: Xu Chaowen , Nishi Masayuki , Inoue Toru
Published: October 2019

Low-pressure polymorphs of AlOOH and FeOOH are common natural oxyhydroxides at the Earth's surface, which may transport hydrogen to the deep mantle via subduction. At elevated pressures, the low-pressure polymorphs transform into δ-AlOOH and ε-FeOOH with CaCl2-type structure, which form a solid solution above 18 GPa. Nevertheless, few studies have examined the solid solution behavior of this binary system in detail. In this study, we ascertain the phase relations in the AlOOH–FeOOH binary system at 15–25 GPa and 700–1200 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of quenched samples show that δ-AlOOH and ε-FeOOH partly form solid solutions over wide pressure and temperature ranges. Our results demonstrate that a binary eutectic diagram is formed without dehydration or melting below 1200 °C at 20 GPa. We also observe that the maximum solubilities of Al and Fe in the solid solutions are more strongly influenced by temperature than pressure. Our results suggest that the CaCl2-type hydroxides subducted into the deep mantle form a solid solution over a wide composition range. As AlOOH and FeOOH are present in hydrous crust, these phases may be subducted into the deep interior, transporting a significant amount of hydrogen to deeper regions. Therefore, a better understanding of this binary system may help elucidate the model geodynamic processes associated with the deep water cycling in the Earth.
KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATERI SEL DENGAN MODEL PROBLEM BASE LEARNING BERBANTUAN TUTOR SEBAYA
Authors: Tsaniyyah Dinda , Marianti Aditya , Isnaeni Wiwi
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran dengan model PBL berbantuan tutor sebaya terhadap keterampilan proses sains siswa pada materi sel, dan untuk mengetahui peningkatan KPS siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 1 Salatiga pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah nonequivalen control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI MIPA SMAN 1 Salatiga, sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas XI MIPA 6 dan XI MIPA 7 yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan Mean antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol yaitu masing-masing 29,44 dan 19,54. Hasil uji t menunjukkan thitung 0,046 0,05, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Pada kelas eksperimen, rerata peningkatan KPS dasar sebesar 101,57% dan KPS terintegrasi sebesar 130,32%. Sedangkan pada kelas kontrol, rerata peningkatan KPS dasar sebesar 60,46% dan KPS terintegrasi sebesar 89,54%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran materi sel dengan model PBL berbantuan tutor sebaya berpengaruh positif terhadap KPS siswa, dengan peningkatan KPS meliputi KPS dasar dan KPS terintegrasi.
Contamination status and ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediment of Kelantan River and its nearshore area, Malaysia
Authors: Pooveneswary Nagaiah , Bin Abu Bakar Ahmad Farid , Wei Bong Chui , Weng Lee Choon , Ai Jun Wang , Amir Hassan Meor Hakif Bin , Mohamad Yunus Rossita , Pauzi Zakaria Mohamad
Published: October 2019

A study on contamination status and ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediment at selected sites on Kelantan River and its nearshore area was carried out. Ten samples along Kelantan River and 25 samples from the nearshore were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) to determine heavy metal concentrations. Sediment samples were also analyzed for particle size compositions, total organic matter and pH content. The average concentrations for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn were 7.38, 1.31, 17.71, 11.40, 507.15, 5.97, 22.61, 32.95 mg/kg for riverine and 14.14, 4.59, 29.79, 14.07, 389.96, 9.65, 62.21, 41.04 mg/kg for nearshore samples respectively. The potential ecological risk index showed stations Bekok, Manek Urai, and RH under considerable risk followed by station Pasir Mas under moderate risk. The pollution load index classified four nearshore sites (KW10, KW17, KW18, KW37) as polluted. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) categorized moderate contamination for Cd and Pb. The enrichment factor (EF) along the river categorized extremely high enrichment for Cd, and significant enrichment for As, Pb and Mn while Pb and As were under very high and significant enrichment in nearshore areas. Pb, Cu, Zn, As, Ni and Cr showed significant correlations with each other.
Kitsch's casus in modern culture
Authors: Klimova Galina Pavlovna , Klimov Viktor Petrovich
Published: October 2019

The article discusses the phenomenon of kitsch in its modern functioning in modern mass culture. The authors reviewed modern scientific researches in aesthetic theory, art history, and cultural studies.
EXPEDIENTE
Authors: Lima Clóvis Ricardo Montenegro de
Published: October 2019

Expediente
O SOCIAL E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS: DESLIZAMENTOS SEM NTICOS E TRADUÇÕES OPERATÓRIAS DO ÍNDICE DE VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL EM PARCERIAS TRANSNACIONAIS ENTRE ONGS NO BRASIL
Authors: Breda Roselene de Lima
Published: October 2019

Este artigo se insere no debate sobre a emergência e expansão do modelo de parcerias transnacionais entre organizações voltadas à superação da pobreza no Brasil, desde os anos 1990. Aborda a mobilização do índice de vulnerabilidadesocialcomo grade de inteligibilidade de processos multiescalares nas parecerias estabelecidas entre uma ONG, aqui chamada de FINANCIADORA, e uma de suas ONGs PARCEIRAS.Para compreender a natureza desta relação mobilizo: i) pesquisa documental centrada em textos e normativas que direcionam a atuação da ONG FINANCIADORA; ii) pesquisa de campo, de cunho etnográfico, no Escritório Nacional da ONG FINANCIADORA, em Belo Horizonte/MG, e na sede de uma ONG PARCEIRA, no Cariri cearense. Da análise entre as escalas nas quais se desenvolve tal parceria desvelam-se mecanismos de mediação e tradução impulsionadores do uso do índice de vulnerabilidadesocialna estruturação de uma estratégia de gestão da pobreza que faz uso das “tecnologias sociais”.
O IMPACTO DA TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Silva Júlio César Santos , Procópio Daniel Barbosa , Mello José André Villas Bôas
Published: October 2019

Esse artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura referente a intervenções planejadas e avaliadas na implantação de tecnologia da informação na administração pública. A base de dados para o levantamento dos artigos foram Scielo, Web of Science, SciVerse Scopus e Medline/PubMed a fim de identificar nas publicações nacionais e internacionais indexadas nas bases de dados mencionadas no período de 2012 à 2019. A pesquisa evidencia uma substancial falta de integração entre os sistemas e que a Tecnologia da Informação é capaz de ajudar a Gestão publica a reduzir as lacunas no acompanhamento da execução de serviços e projetos, facilitando a transparência dos gastos públicos e políticas direcionadas à sociedade.
SEIVA PARA O SALTO CIVILIZATÓRIO O LUGAR DAS REDES NA BUSCA PELO ANCESTRAL E O COMUNITÁRIO
Authors: Turino Célio
Published: October 2019

Redes há em profusão, o desafio é conectar as redes contemporâneas ao ancestral e o comunitário, recriando sentidos a partir de redes de afetos, desejos e vontades. Cabe estabelecer macrorredes, integrando coletivos de culturas comunitárias com coletivos de inovação tecnológica, artística e confrontação com o Sistema dominante, bem como, conectando essas macrorredes da diversidade com ambientes de reflexão, investigação e pesquisa acadêmica e científica. Dessa conexão podem surgir potentes processos de transformação social, pois, ao mesmo tempo em que são redes macro, também são microrredes, realizas nas comunidades, com a identificação e fortalecimento de coletivos com base territorial, sejam no campo ambiental, organização cidadã, cultura e artes, como pontos de cultura, esportes e lazer, comunicação popular, entre outros. Essa combinação entre micro e macro permite uma progressão exponencial dos contatos e afecções entre redes e pontos diversos, cada qual com uma característica, abrindo novos caminhos e alinhavando várias funções, harmonizando cultura com economia, com educação, ambiente..., e assim por diante, isso porque é no território que todos esses campos se imbricam. Essa também é uma maneira de abrir novas formas de relacionamento entre Estado e Sociedade, e entre a sociedade, tornando essa relação mais equilibrada, em que Sistemas e métodos de gestão (em especial do Estado) devem servir à vida, e não o oposto.
Therapeutic Aptamers: Evolving to Find their Clinical Niche
Authors: Nimjee Shahid M. , Sullenger Bruce A.
Published: October 2019

Background:

The discovery that short oligonucleotides, termed aptamers, can fold into
three-dimensional structures that allow them to selectively bind and inhibit the activity of pathogenic
proteins is now over 25 years old. The invention of the SELEX methodology heralded in an era in
which such nucleic acid-based ligands could be generated against a wide variety of therapeutic targets.

Results:

A large number of aptamers have now been identified by combinatorial chemistry methods in
the laboratory and moreover, an increasing number have been discovered in nature. The affinities and
activities of such aptamers have often been compared to that of antibodies, yet only a few of these
agents have made it into clinical studies compared to a large and increasing number of therapeutic antibodies.
One therapeutic aptamer targeting VEGF has made it to market, while 3 others have advanced
as far as phase III clinical trials.

Conclusion:

In this manuscript, we hope the reader appreciates that the success of aptamers becoming
a class of drugs is less about nucleic acid biochemistry and more about target validation and overall
drug chemistry.