bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESPONS PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KARET (Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg) SATU PAYUNG KLON PB 260 TERHADAP PEMBERIAN DECANTER SOLID PADA MEDIA TANAH BEKAS TAMBANG BATU BARA DI POLYBAG
Authors: Harahap Akhir Sabri , Sarman Sarman , Rinaldi Rinaldi
Published: October 2018

The management of the umbrella rubber plant of a clone PB 260 in the former mine is considered to be one of the main alternative solutions to overcome the unproductive lands with the provision of a solid decanter. This research was conducted at Teaching and Research Farm Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi from June to September 2017 with the aim to know the best decanter dose of rubber seed growth on the former land of coal mine in polybag. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 6 levels of treatment (a0) Without the solid decanter, (a1) 400 g/polybag, (a2) 500 g/polybag, (a3) 600 g/polybag, (a4) 700 g/polybag, (a5) 800 g/polybag. Each treatment consisted of 4 replications, and each replication consisted of 4 plants and 2 plants used as samples.Based on the result of this research, it can be concluded that the provision of solid decanter to the growth of rubber seedlings (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) one umbrella with soil media used for coal mining area gives better growth to diameter, number of leaf, dry weight of crown, and root dry weight than seed rubber without a solid decanter and generally a solid decanter treatment with a dose of 500 g / polybag showed improved rubber seed growth better than other treatments.

 

Keyword: rubber seedlings the first umbrella,coal mine, solid decanter.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BEBERAPA JENIS MIKORIZA (Glomus sp) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merill.) DI POLYBAG
Authors: Fadli Gandhi Ihza , Rainiyati Rainiyati , Mukhsin Mukhsin
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh beberapa jenis mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai di polybag dan untuk mendapatkan jenis mikoriza yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai di polybag. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium dan Teaching and Research Farm Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jambi, Desa Mendalo Indah, Kecamatan Jambi Luar Kota, Muaro Jambi selama 4 bulan yaitu dari 26 Agustus sampai dengan bulan 28 Desember 2017. Perlakuan yang di uji yaitu Glomus sp1, Glomus sp2, Glomus sp3, Glomus sp4, Glomus sp5, dan gabungan Glomus sp1 sampai sp5 dengan pemberian dosis sebanyak 20 g per tanaman dan disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh jenis Mikoriza (Glomus sp) terhadap beberapa parameter pengamatan, yaitu pada parameter jumlah polong pertanaman dan jumlah polong berisi pertanaman, pada parameter bobot tajuk, bobot akar, bobot 100 biji, hasil per tanaman, infeksi akar dan serapan P tanaman belum ditemukan pengaruh yang signifikan pada tanaman kedelai. Pemberian jenis Glomus sp2 dan Glomus sp3 memberikan pengaruh terbaik pada pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai.
Comparative analysis of functionality of spray dried whey protein hydrolysates obtained by enzymatic and microbial hydrolysis
Authors: Embiriekah Salem , Bulatovic Maja , Gnjatovic Marija , Vukasinovic-Sekulic Maja , Krunic Tanja , Zaric Danica , Rakin Marica
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to examine the bioactive potential of hydrolysate powders produced by enzymatic and microbial hydrolysis of whey proteins followed by spray drying, in order to reveal which one of these processes result in a product with significantly improved functional properties. Hydrolysate powders produced by the two different biotechnological processes were compared based on their antioxidant (DPPH and FTC), antibacterial as well as erythrocyte membrane stabilizing activities. The performed tests revealed that the concentration of at least 178.4 mg mL-1 of the whey protein hydrolysate powder, produced by tryptic digestion, could inhibit the process of lipid peroxidation by 50 %, suppress the microbial contamination caused by S. aureus ATCC25923, B. cereus ATCC 11778 and L. monocytogenes, and provide the antioxidant and membrane stabilizing activities greater than 50 %. On the other hand, the hydrolysate powder obtained by whey fermentation at the concentration of at least 811.5 mg mL-1 achieved 50 % of all tested bioactivities, with the emphasis on the significantly more pronounced antibacterial activity against all tested strains. In that sense, tryptic hydrolysis could be highlighted as an optimal process that provides production of the whey hydrolysate with pronounced bioactive properties that could be considered as a very promising natural food supplement.
Registros de representação semiótica, relevância e conciliação de metas: uma análise do capítulo Sistemas de equações do 1º grau com duas incógnitas do livro Matemática compreensão e prática de Ênio Silveira
Registers of semiotic representation, relevance and goal-conciliation: an analysis of the chapter about systems of linear equations with two variables in Ênio Silveira’s book Matemática conpreensão e prática
Authors: Cataneo Vanessa Isabel , Rauen Fábio José
Published: October 2018

Analisamos neste artigo o capítulo Sistemas de equações do 1º grau com duas incógnitas do livro Matemática Compreensão e Prática: 8º ano, de Ênio Silveira, a partir das noções teóricas de registros de representação semiótica, relevância e conciliação de metas. Assumimos a hipótese de que as atividades cognitivas de formação de representações identificáveis, tratamento e conversão de representações semióticas estão à serviço de conciliações ativas relevantes de um plano de ação intencional do autor que é passível de ser descrito e explicado pelos estágios de formulação de metas e de formulação, execução e checagem de hipóteses abdutivas antefactuais habilitadoras. Os resultados sugerem prevalência de exemplos e atividades que demandam conversão de representações de situações-problema em língua natural para a representação no registro algébrico, pouco desenvolvimento de interpretações gráficas, casos raros de conversões inversas e ausência de propostas de elaboração de problemas.We analyze in this article the chapter about systems of linear equations with two variables in Ênio Silveira’s book Matemática Compreensão e Prática: 8º ano [Mathematics comprehension and practice: 8th grade], using the theoretical notions of registers of semiotic representation, relevance and goal-conciliation. We assume that cognitive activities of formation of identifiable representations, treatment and conversion of semiotic representations are at the service of relevant active conciliations of an author’s plan of intentional action, which we can describe and explain by the stages of formulation of goals and formulation, execution and checking of enabling ante-factual abductive hypotheses. The results suggest prevalence of examples and activities that require conversion of representations of problem/situations in natural language into representations in algebraic register, little development of graphic interpretations, rare cases of reverse conversions and lack of proposals for problem solving.
Análise de tarefas cognitivamente desafiadoras em um processo de formação de professores de Matemática
Analysis of cognitively challenging tasks in a process of mathematics teacher education
Authors: Jesus Cristina Cirino de , Cyrino Márcia Cristina de Costa Trindade , Oliveira Hélia
Published: October 2018

Neste estudo investigamos que aspectos da natureza de tarefas cognitivamente desafiadoras são considerados por professoras de Matemática, participantes da “Comunidade de Prática de Professores de Matemática Analisando e Refletindo o Ensino de Matemática” - CoP-ProfMARE. Este estudo constitui-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa com características de pesquisa intervenção. Os resultados evidenciaram que as professoras consideraram três aspectos associados à natureza de uma tarefa cognitivamente desafiadora, como aquela que: (i) permite ao aluno construir suas próprias estratégias, (ii) mobiliza o aluno para que explique suas estratégias e justifique seu pensamento e (iii) não explicita um modo de resolução. As reflexões compartilhadas no processo de formação possibilitaram às professoras conhecer as características e as potencialidades de uma tarefa cognitivamente desafiadora e compreender a relevância do papel do professor no trabalho com esse tipo de tarefa, para promover processos de ensino e de aprendizagem centrados no entendimento dos alunos.In this study we investigated the aspects of the nature of cognitively challenging tasks that are considered by mathematics teachers, as participants of a community of practice. The study is a qualitative research with characteristics of intervention research. The results show that teachers considered three aspects associated with the nature of a cognitively challenging task, such as: allowing the student to construct their own strategies, mobilizing the student to explain his/her strategies and justify his /her thinking and does not specify a way of solving. The shared reflections in education process allowed the teachers to understand the characteristics and potentialities of a cognitively challenging task, as well as the important role of the teacher in promoting teaching and learning processes centered on students’ understanding.
Engenharia Didática de Formação (EDF): sobre o ensino dos Números (Generalizados) de Catalan (NGC)
Didactical Engineering: about the teaching of generalized Catalan numbers
Authors: Alves Francisco Regis Vieira
Published: October 2018

Registramos uma considerável atenção dedicada por parte dos autores de livros de História da Matemática (HM) concernentemente aos clássicos fundamentos do Cálculo Diferencial e Integral. Por outro lado, se mostra imprescindível ao entendimento do professor de Matemática uma compreensão sobre um irrefreável processo matemático e epistemológico evolutivo dos objetos matemáticos, desde seu estádio de nascedouro até o momento atual. Assim, o presente trabalho relata uma Engenharia Didática de Formação (EDF) desenvolvida com a participação de cinco professores em formação inicial, no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia – IFCE, no ano de 2017. O tema abordado envolveu a noção de Números Generalizados de Catalan (NGC) que representa uma contribuição de vários matemáticos e a pesquisa atual sobre inúmeros problemas derivados confirmam seu processo de generalização ininterrupto. O estudo envolveu cinco tarefas e duas situações estruturadas de ensino, com o aporte da Teoria das Situações Didáticas (TSD). Os dados coligidos evidenciam várias propriedades e, sobretudo, teoremas e definições matemáticas descobertas e formuladas pelos sujeitos participantes da investigação o que concorreu para o incremento de suas habilidades profissionais e um conhecimento histórico, epistêmico e pragmático sobre a noção.  We have recorded considerable attention on the part of the authors of Mathematical History (MH) books concerning the classical fundamentals of Differential and Integral Calculus. On the other hand, it is essential to the understanding of the Mathematics teacher an understanding about an unstoppable mathematical and evolutionary epistemological process of the mathematical objects, from its nascent stage to the present moment. Thus, the present work reports a Training Didactic Engineering (EDF) developed with the participation of five teachers in initial formation, in the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology - IFCE, in the year 2017. The topic covered involved the notion of Numbers Generalized Catalan (NGC) that represents a contribution of several mathematicians and the current research on numerous derived problems confirm its process of uninterrupted generalization. The study involved five tasks and two structured teaching situations, with the contribution of the Theory of Educational Situations (TSD). The collected data show several properties and, above all, the theorems and mathematical definitions discovered and formulated by the subjects participating in the research, which contributed to the increase of their professional skills and a historical, epistemic and pragmatic knowledge about the notion.
Aspectos do ensino de Matemática nos Ginásios Vocacionais paulistas: integração de disciplinas e Matemática Moderna
Teaching and learning Math in the Vocational Gymnasiums: some remarks on curricular integration and New Math Movement
Authors: Nakamura Maria Eliza Furquim Pereira , Garnica Antônio Vicente Marafioti
Published: October 2018

O artigo trata do ensino de Matemática nos Ginásios Vocacionais, instituições paulistas de ensino secundário criadas em 1961 e extintas pelo Regime Militar em 1968. Alguns aspectos gerais, relativos à proposta pedagógica dessas escolas, são apresentados de modo a sustentar a discussão mais especifica sobre os dois temas centrais neste artigo: o modo como a Matemática operava num contexto em que a integração de disciplinas era um principio fundamental; e a influência da Matemática Moderna nessa instituição.The so called Ginásios Vocacionais (Vocational Gymnasiums) were an institution created in São Paulo State (Brazil) in 1962 and extinguished by the Brazilian Dictatorial Government in 1968. The main intention of this paper is to discuss some features of the teaching and learning of Mathematics in such schools. Some data on the general educational context are presented in order to support the discussion about the two central issues of this article: the role of Mathematics in a curricular framework in which integration among disciplines was one of the main principles; and the influence of New Math in these Gymnasiums. This paper is based in a research developed using Oral History as its main methodological guide.
UTILIZING GRAMMARLY IN EVALUATING ACADEMIC WRITING: A NARRATIVE RESEARCH ON EFL STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCE
Authors: Nova Muhamad
Published: October 2018

With the development of technology, any writer now can easily check their academic writing with automated writing evaluation program. Though, the utilization of this program may bring both benefits and drawbacks. Thus, a consideration of its strengths and weaknesses is needed. To fill the need, this study aimed to identify the strengths and weaknesses of Grammarly program as an automated writing evaluation program in evaluating academic writing. Using a narrative inquiry in exploring three Indonesian postgraduate students’ experiences by conducting interview and documentation, the result showed that this program has provided useful color-coded feedback with explanation and example, ease of account access, high rate of evaluation speed, and free service for evaluating academic writing. However, some caveats were also found in this program utilization, such as several misleading feedbacks, weaknesses on detecting the type of English and reference list, and lack of context and content evaluation experienced, which became the weaknesses of this program. Further investigation on the efficiency of the feedback given by Grammarly in improving students’ writing quality is needed.
Glucose Deprivation Enhances the Antiproliferative Effects of Oral Hypoglycemic Biguanides in Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer: an in Vitro Study
Authors: Bardaweel Sanaa K. , Alsalamat Husam A. , Aleidi Shereen M. , Bashatwah Rasha M.
Published: October 2018

Extensive in vitro studies have been conducted to evaluate the anticancer activity of oral hypoglycemic agents. Many of these studies experienced detrimental limitations, since they were conducted on cancer cells commonly grown in culture media consisting of extremely high concentrations of growth factors and glucose. The present study was aimed at exploring the antiproliferative effects of the commonly studied metformin and the less frequently reported phenformin oral hypoglycemic agents on different molecular subtypes of breast cancer under rich glucose and glucose deprived conditions. Our results indicate that under glucose deprived conditions, which better reflect the factual glucose-starved solid tumors in vivo, biguanides exert more antiproliferative activities against the three molecular subtypes of breast cancer cell lines examined in this study. In addition, the observed antiproliferative activities of biguanides appear to be mediated by apoptosis induction in breast cancer cells. This induction is significantly augmented under glucose deprived conditions.
The Transcription Factor Creb is Involved in Sorafenib-Inhibited Renal Cancer Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion
Authors: Huang Shuaishuai , Cui Pinger , Lin Shuangxia , Yao Xuping , Wang Xue , Ren Yu , Weng Guobin
Published: October 2018

Our previous reports showed that the cyclic-AMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) served as a proto-oncogene in the process of tumorigenesis and mediated the growth and metastatic activity of renal cancer cells. Our study, therefore, explored the role of CREB in sorafenib- -inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Renal cancer cells were cultured in medium containing sorafenib for 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. The MTT assay was used to study the cytotoxic effects of sorafenib. Cell invasion and migration were assayed in wound healing and transwell experiments, respectively. Protein expression levels were evaluated by western blotting. The results show that sorafenib treatment decreased cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Sorafenib inhibited cell migration and invasion and decreased the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Moreover, addition of the recombinant plasmid pCI-neo/ CREB (PN) reversed the sorafenib-induced inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. These results show that CREB is associated with the sorafenib-induced inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion.
Morphological Characteristics and Expression of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in the Canine Endometrium During the Estrus Cycle, Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia and Pyometra
Authors: Marinković Darko , Aničić Milan , Vakanjac Slobodanka , Nedić Svetlana , Magaš Vladimir
Published: October 2018

The estrus cycle of bitches is divided into four phases: proestrus, estrus, diestrus and anestrus, during which different morphological changes, and also cyclic changes of estrogen and progesterone receptors are present. Several pathological changes can be differentiated on the endometrium, but one of these is the most important - cystic endometrial hyperplasia, which frequently develops into pyometra. The aim of the present study was to describe morphological characteristics, and expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors on the endometrium of mixedbreed bitches during the different phases of the estrus cycle, cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra. The uterus and ovaries of 36 mixed breed bitches in different phases of the estrus cycle and also with cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) and chronic purulent endometritis - pyometra were examined macroscopically, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically for estrogen receptors (ΕR) and progesterone receptors (PR). During proestrus uterine cells showed a weak reaction for both estrogen and progesterone receptors, but during estrus a large number of uterine cells showed a strong reaction on estrogen receptors and moderate reaction on progesterone receptors. On the contrary, during diestrus the scores for the estrogen receptors decreased, while the progesterone receptors level increased - uterine cells expressed strong reaction for progesterone receptors, and moderate reaction for estrogen receptors. Uterine cells in cystic endometrial hyperplasia expressed a strong reaction for estrogen receptors, and moderate reaction for progesterone receptors, but on the other hand the uterine cells in the uterus with pyometra expressed a moderate to strong reaction for progesterone receptors, and a weak reaction for estrogen receptors. In further investigations it would be interesting to perform quantitative analysis for both estrogen and progesterone receptors during different phases of the estrus cycle and also in the uterus with cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra.
Quantitative Morphology as a Prognostic Factor in Feline Spontaneous Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Radostina Simeonov
Published: October 2018

In a study on cytological specimens from 30 cats with histologically confi rmed cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, the morphometric variables mean nuclear area (MNA, μm2), mean nuclear perimeter (MNP, μm), mean nuclear diameter (D mean, μm), minimum nuclear diameter (D min, μm) and maximum nuclear diameter (D max, μm) were studied and compared to metastases in regional lymph nodes. The mean values of these parameters were signifi cantly greater in cats with lymph node metastases compared to parameters of tumour cells from cats which were lymph node-negative. A signifi cant positive correlation was observed between all studied morphometric parameters and metastases in the regional lymph nodes. In conclusion, computer -assisted nuclear morphometry could be used as a prognostic method in the diagnosis of spontaneous feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas.
In Vivo Investigation of Soft Tissue Response of Novel Silver/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/ Graphene and Silver/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Chitosan/Graphene Hydrogels Aimed for Medical Applications – The First Experience
Authors: Lužajić Božinovski Tijana , Marković Danica , Todorović Vera , Prokić Bolka Bogomir , Milošević Ivan , Drndarević Neda , Nešović Katarina , Kyong Yop Rhee , Mišković-Stanković Vesna
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we have shown for the fi rst time the soft tissue response of novel silver/ poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene (Ag/PVA/Gr) and silver/poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan/ graphene (Ag/PVA/CHI/Gr) nanocomposite hydrogels aimed for medical applications. These novel hydrogels were produced by in situ electrochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles in the polymer matrices as described in our previously published works. Both Ag/PVA/Gr and Ag/PVA/CHI/Gr, as well as controls Ag/PVA, Ag/PVA/CHI and commercial Suprasorb©hydrogel discs, were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. Implants with the surrounding tissue were dissected after post-implantation on days 7, 15, 30 and 60, and then processed for histological examination. The tissue irritation index (TIrI) score, according to ISO 10993-6, 2007, as well as the number of leukocytes in the peri-implant zone and connective tissue capsule thickness were examined. The results show that each TIrI score, the leukocyte number around the implanted materials and capsule thickness gradually decreased during the observation period. At the endpoint of follow-up, the Ag/PVA/CHI/Gr implant was surrounded with a thinner capsule, while both the TIrI score and the number of leukocytes of the peri-implant zone were greater compared to the Ag/PVA/Gr implant. Despite the observed differences, we can conclude that our in vivo experiment suggested that both novel hydrogels were biocompatible and suitable for medical use.
Thermal Vision Examination of Vasoconstriction and Vasodilatation of Blood Vessels under the Influence of Local Anesthetic Solutions
Authors: Đukić Igor , Selaković Srećko , Bubalo Marija , Selaković Jovana , Tatić Zoran
Published: October 2018

A quality local anesthesia is one of the imperatives of performing dental interventions, and especially oral-surgical interventions, where the success of the oral-surgical intervention is seen through the success of local anesthesia. There is a high number of different local anesthetic solutions (LAS) on the market, holding different levels of vasoconstrictors which are attributed with causing numerous complications during the local anesthesia. The aim of this research is to point out the temperature changes caused by different LAS, depending on the strength and the concentration of LAS, using thermal vision camera. Testing was performed on 70 experimental Wistar rats, aged 4.5 months, with an average weight of 250 grams, male, and divided into seven groups of 10 animals each, depending on the applied anesthetic. After injecting the anesthetic solution into the haunch area, a stopwatch was turned on and control measurements were conducted for a period of two hours. All footage from the thermal camera was later transferred to a computer unit. Occurrence of multiple temperatures in the rats’ examined regions, compared to the control region, was noticed only when applying 2% pure lidocaine (without vasoconstrictors). The highest temperature drop, compared to the control region, was noticed with 2% mepivacaine with adrenaline (1 : 100 000), and 2% mepivacaine with noradrenaline (1 : 100 000), fi ve minutes after applying the local anesthetic. In conclusion: vasoconstricting effects are most expressed in the fi fth minute after applying LAS, and there are minimal differences between the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline, in the examined combinations together with LAS.
Skull Bone Anatomy of the Young Common Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus Amphibius)
Authors: Zorić Zoran , Lozanče Olivera , Marinković Darko , Blagojević Miloš , Nešić Ivana , Demus Natalija , Đorđević Milena
Published: October 2018

Hippopotamidae family is nowadays represented by two species within two different genera: pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis) and common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius). The common hippopotamus has a very unique anatomy, and the shape of the body, especially the head is adapted for a semi-aquatic life style. The morphological examination and description of the gross anatomical features of the hippopotamus skull is described in this paper. The shape of the skull is adapted for the amphibian way of life. Their eyes, ears and nostrils are placed high on the roof of the skull which allows these organs to remain above the surface of the water while the animal is being submerged underwater. The skull is massive, but the brain case (neurocranium) is extremely small compared with the splanchnocranium and complete head. The dental formula of the common hippopotamus is: incisors (I) 2/2, canines (C) 1/1, premolars (P) 3-4/3-4 and molars (M) 3/3. Incisors and canine teeth are formed in the shape of tusks and are used for threat or “demonstration of power” among animals when vigorously fi ghting. Incisor teeth grow continuously and are twice bigger in males than in females.
Lesch-Nyhan disease: A rare disorder with many unresolved aspects
Authors: Micheli V. , Bertelli M. , Jacomelli G. , Santucci A. , Bernardini G.
Published: October 2018

Lesch-Nyhan Disease (LND) is a rare X-linked recessive metabolic and neurological syndrome due to the deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). Besides its well known “housekeeping” function this purine salvage enzyme has revealed an unexpected role in neurodevelopment, unveiled by the peculiar neurological symptoms flanking hyperuricemia in LND: dystonia, choreoathetosis, compulsive self-injurious behaviour. Several lines of research have tried to find the molecular basis for the neurological phenotype after the disease was first described in 1964. Dopaminergic deficit was then found to underlie the neurologic symptoms but the aetiology for such alteration seemed inexplicable. A number of detailed studies in the last 50 years addressed the genetic, metabolic, cognitive, behavioral and anatomical features of this disease. Initial investigations seeked for accumulation of toxic metabolites or depletion of essential molecules to disclose potential connections between purine recycling and neuronal dysfunction. In the last two decades sophisticated biotechnological methods were used for a deeper insight in the genetic and molecular aspects, unveiling a network of combined gene dysregulations in neuronal development and differentiation producing neurotransmission defects. These studies, conducted with several different approaches, allowed consistent steps forward, demonstrating transcriptional aberrations affecting different metabolic pathways in HPRT deficiency, yet leaving many questions still unsolved.
Analysis and settlement evaluation of an end-bearing granular pile with non-linear deformation modulus
Authors: Sharma Jitendra Kumar , Gupta Pooja
Published: October 2018

Ground improvement with granular piles increases the load-carrying capacity, reduces the settlement of foundations built on the reinforced ground and is also a good alternative to concrete pile. Granular piles or stone columns are composed of granular material, such as crushed stone or coarse dense sand. An analytical approach based on the continuum approach is presented for the non-linear behaviour of the granular pile. The formulation for pile element displacement is done considering the non-homogeneity of the granular pile as it reflects the true behaviour and also accounts for the changes in the state of the granular pile due to installation, stiffening and improvement effects. The present study shows that the settlement influence factor for an end-bearing granular pile decreases with increase in the relative stiffness of the bearing stratum. The settlement influence factor decreases with increase in linear and non-linear non-homogeneity parameters for all values of relative length. For a shorter pile, the rate of decrease of the settlement influence factor is greater in comparison to that for a longer pile. Shear stress at the soil–granular pile interface reduces in the upper compressible portion of the granular pile and increases in the lower stiffer portion of the granular pile due to the non-homogeneity of an end-bearing granular pile.
PENGEMBANGAN KUISIONER KEPUASAN PASIEN UNTUK PELAYANAN FARMASI KLINIK
Authors: Larasanty Luh Putu Febryana , Wirasuta I Made Agus Gelgel , Sarasmita Made Ari , Cahyadi Maria Fiani , Wirayanti Ni Wayan , Triastuti Ni Nyoman Abigail , Yanti Ni Nyoman Della , Wistari Ni Made Ayu , Sudarni Ni Made Rai
Published: October 2018

Latar belakang: Survey kepuasan pasien adalah salah satu metode evaluasi yang dapat digunakan untuk menilai kualitas pelayanan farmasi klinik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kuisioner penelitian dalam Bahasa Indonesia untuk mengukur kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian pada fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama dan tingkat lanjut terutama mengenai pelayanan farmasi klinik.

Metode: Pernyataan – pernyataan dalam kuisioner disusun berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia mengenai standar pelayanan kefarmasian di pusat kesehatan masyarakat (Puskesmas), apotek dan rumah sakit. Pernyataan dalam kuisioner dibagi menjadi lima kategori kualitas pelayanan yaitu keandalan, responsif, sarana, jaminan, dan empati. Kuisioner kemudian diuji kepada 90 orang responden (masing – masing 30 orang untuk setiap kelompok kriteria) untuk menilai validitas dan reliabilitas instrument kuisioner.

Hasil: Terdapat 39 pernyataan untuk kuisioner pelayanan kefarmasian di Puskesmas, 41 pernyataan untuk kuisioner pelayanan farmasi klinik di apotek maupun di rumah sakit. Uji validitas menggunakan korelasi momen produk yang menghasilkan nilai r untuk masing – masing pernyataan > 0,361 (valid). Tes reliabilitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Cronbach Alpha. Hasil uji Cronbach Alpha > 0,6 (reliabel) untuk masing – masing item kuisioner.

Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan uji validitas dan reliabilitas menunjukkan kuisioner kepuasaan pasien terhadap pelayanan farmasi klinik yang disusun valid dan reliabel.
Philosophie - Was sie ist und sein kann
Authors: Seubert Harald
Published: October 2018

Unzeitgemäße Gedanken über die Erste Wissenschaft
Aristoteles bestimmte die Philosophie als Erste Wissenschaft. Kann sie diesem hohen, in ihrem Selbstverständnis angelegten Anspruch heute überhaupt noch gerecht werden? Es ist offensichtlich, dass auch die Philosophie längst Spezialisierungen erfahren hat, dass sich ihre verschiedenen Richtungen manchmal bis zur Gesprächslosigkeit voneinander getrennt haben und dass sie auf einzelwissenschaftliche Resultate und Interdisziplinarität angewiesen ist, um über die Welt reflektieren zu können. Dennoch, so die These von Harald Seubert, bleibt es ihre Aufgabe, hinter die Methoden einzelner Wissenschaften und die Fixierungen von Welterklärungen zurückzufragen.
Philosophie wird ihre Kraft erreichen, wo sie Systematik und ideengeschichtliche Orientierung verbindet und zum «großen Gespräch zwischen den Lebenden und den Toten» (Marc Bloch) wird. Konkret zeigt sich das in den großen philosophischen Fragen: der Frage nach der Wahrheit, nach der Freiheit und dem Sinn von Sein. Harald Seubert plädiert für einen weiten und zugleich unterscheidungsstarken Philosophiebegriff. Dabei behandelt er auch neue Fragestellungen und Herausforderungen, die sich der Philosophie heute stellen – etwa in ihrem Verhältnis zur Kunst, zu Natur und Technik und zur Vielfalt der Kulturen.
Arctic Communication System Development as a Factor of Guaranteed Access Maintenance to Strategic Resources
Authors: Bogachev V. F. , Kozmenko S. Yu. , Teslya A. B. , Shchegolkova A. A.
Published: October 2018

The development of new technologies, reducing the economic and physical costs of access to the unique resources of the Arctic, has simultaneously identified a set of interrelated economic and geopolitical problems arising during the Arctic territory development. Therefore, the subject of research of the article is the problem of the Arctic communication system formation, without which the further development of the region is not possible. The authors tried to substantiate the priority directions of the development of the communication system of the Arctic region with the aim to ensure continuous mobile access to strategically significant resources of the region in the current economic and geopolitical tendencies. The article proves that the main task of developing the Arctic should be to ensure the sustainable development of the Arctic region, which can not be achieved without the formation of an adequate level of a system of transport communications which meets the set goals and objectives of the development of the territories. Limited resources with a significant amount of required initial capital investment require an informed choice of priority investment areas, “points of growth” of the system of communications formed. The main conclusion is that the provision of operational access to the strategic resources of the Arctic is impossible without further development of the transport communications system in the region, and first of all the marine transport infrastructure (in particular, the Northern Sea route). At the same time, the impact of the redistribution of traffic flows on various aspects of the region's livelihoods, including the labor market and the social sphere, requires a separate study.
Prospects of Using Distributed Ledger Technology to Automatize State Financial Control
Authors: Varnavskiy A. V. , Buryakova A. O.
Published: October 2018

The concept of “digitalization” came into use relatively recently, but in many respects the further development of the Russian economy will depend on it. Design of conceptual approaches and practical algorithm for adaptation of new technologies to the functioning peculiarities of the financial system is of great importance for ensuring competitive advantages of Russia, including those at the international level. The article presents the prospects for applying modern technologies in the activities of state audit institutions, which are designed to ensure financial stability and contribute to the formation of a solid foundation for the economic growth of the country. The purpose of the research is to identify the prospects for automation of control procedures, taking into account the level of development of modern technologies to prevent violations in the financial sector. In the process of research, general scientific empirical methods were used: observation, comparison, collection and study of data; analysis and synthesis, a method of scientific abstraction. The chosen approach allowed to ensure the reliability and validity of the conclusions drawn. According to the results of the research the prospects for using the national accounting digital unit in the purpose of the control are outlined; the technological possibilities and legal restrictions of creation of the state distributed ledger technology are revealed; the system for assessing risky transactions that could lead to financial violations is proposed; key characteristics of the system of conducting decentralized accounting are formulated; the expected result of the implementation of the proposed models of automation of control procedures in the Russian practice is assessed. The authors have proved the expediency of creating a state distributed ledger technology for financial control purposes. The expected result of the implementation of these proposals is estimated as more than 50% of the annual violations identified by the state audit institutions.
THE IMPACT OF EXTERNAL SHOCKS ON THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Tiunova M. G.
Published: October 2018

The article is devoted to the study of the degree of sensitivity of the Russian economy to exogenous shocks from the external environment. Indicators of the dynamics of foreign markets are changes in the global market of raw materials, financial markets of developed countries, and the propensity of foreign investors to risk. The topic of our study is relevant against the background of the current key risks for the world economy and financial system: uncertainty of the global energy market prospects due to the growth of oil production in the united States; normalization of monetary policy by developed countries, which in the future can provoke capital outflow from emerging markets; the threat of global protectionism. The article describes the potential consequences of these events for the world economy and financial system. The study uses statistical data on the real and financial sectors of the Russian economy, as well as foreign markets for the period 2002–2018. The parameters of external market conditions are world trade conditions, the volatility of the global stock and currency markets, the level of business activity in the Eurozone region, and the degree of risk and uncertainty in emerging markets. The research methodology is based on Bayesian structural vector autoregressions. The graphs of the impulse response function allow us to determine the direction of the key parameters of the Russian economy (industry, inflation, exchange rate, and sovereign risk premium) in response to changes in external environment. The contribution of external shocks to the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators is determined on the basis of the decomposition of the error variance of the model endogenous variables forecast. Our analysis confirmed the significant dependence between the dynamics of the key indicators of the Russian economy and the external markets. The author concludes that the inflation targeting regime and the policy of budget rules have a positive impact on the protection of the Russian economy from global risks.
THE APPLICATION OF RIDGE REGRESSION METHODS WHEN COMBINING FORECASTS
Authors: Frenkel’ A. A. , Volkova N. N. , Surkov A. A. , Romanyuk E. I.
Published: October 2018

Forecasting of economic indicators with time series using one or another method or another but the only method leads to the situation that all the information contained in other forecasting methods is usually discarded. The information that is ignored may contain information that allows other features of the economic process to be assessed. Combining forecasts makes possible to take into account almost all the information contained in particular forecasts. In the article, we present the analysis of the application of the method of regression analysis, in particular, ridge regression for finding the weighting coefficients of the particular forecasts in the combined forecast. We compared the accuracy of prediction based on the ridge regression with other methods of combining predictions. The purpose of our research work was an analysis of the most common methods of combining forecasts — various modifications of Granger-Ramanathan methods and comparison with a new approach of combining forecasts based on the ridge regression for its use in practice. We used statistical methods of time series forecasting (the method of harmonic weights, adaptive exponential smoothing using a tracking signal, the method of simple exponential smoothing and the Box-Jenkins model), the method of constructing combined forecasts, as well as methods of regression analysis. As a result, we built the combined forecasts based on annual data for the period from 1950 to 2015 on the production in Russia of some products: steel, metallurgical coke, pulp, plywood, cement. We used the methods of Granger-Ramanathan (without restrictions and with restrictions on the sum of coefficients in partial predictions) and also the ∆-coefficients obtained by the ridge regression method. The forecasts constructed using the Granger-Ramanathan methods give the highest accuracy of the combined forecast. The method based on the ridge regression is less accurate, but better than the separate predictions. At the same time, the proposed method of calculating the weight coefficients on the basis of the ridge regression has a well- developed scheme of calculation and eliminates the negative weight coefficients in the combined forecast.
CUSTOMS PAYMENTS: TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION IN RUSSIA IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EURASIAN CUSTOMS UNION (EACU)
Authors: Ryl’skaya M. A. , Kozhankov A. Yu. , Bobrova O. G.
Published: October 2018

The authors put forward and consistently proved the hypothesis that changes in the structure of international trade (the development of electronic commerce, the active implementation of electronic cross-border payments), its legal regulation (the WTO Agreement on Trade Facilitation and the Framework Agreement on Paperless Cross-Border Trade, the entry into force of the Customs Code of the Eurasian Customs union) determine the need for changes in the paradigm of control and supervision activities in the sphere of charging, paying and collecting customs payments. We concluded that the tools introduced by the Federal Customs Service and the Federal Tax Service (electronic tracking of goods, electronic information exchange between tax and customs authorities, integrated information resource on international trade operators) are effective. The authors also present the results of the analysis of the economic effect of changes in the legal regulation of the accrual, payment, collection of customs payments, expressed in the growth of additional accrued and additional collected payments. Based on the analysis of the system of customs and tariff regulation, of the dynamics of the rates of the unified Customs Tariff of the EEu, and of the law enforcement practices, the authors formulated areas of risk that include the lack of uniform application of customs legislation and the strong influence of WTO law. The research carried out by the authors made it possible to forecast directions for improving the legal regulation and administration of the charging, paying and collecting customs payments. It includes: improving the unified mechanism of customs and tax administration, as well as foreign currency control based on the creation and application of integrated information technologies; implementation of international standards developed under the World Customs Organization; the existence of prerequisites for the possibility of payment of import customs duties and taxes after the release of goods for conscientious operators; redistribution of functions of customs and tax authorities (leaving control over the payment of import customs duty in the competence of customs authorities, with the possible transfer of control over the payment of indirect taxes (VAT and excise) payable in respect of imported goods).
Summary of available surveillance data on hepatitis C virus infection from eight Arctic countries, 2012 to 2014
Authors: Gounder Prabhu P , Koch Anders , Provo Ginger , Lovlie Astrid , Ederth Josefine Lundberg , Axelsson Maria , Archibald Chris P , Hanley Brendan , Mullen Angie , Matheson Myrna , Allison David , Trykker Henrik , Hennessy Thomas W , Kuusi Markku , Chulanov Vladimir , McMahon Brian J
Published: October 2018

We summarised available hepatitis C virus (HCV) surveillance data for 2012–14 from Arctic/sub-Arctic countries/regions. We sent a HCV data collection template by email to public health authorities in all jurisdictions. Population statistics obtained from census sources for each country were used to estimate rates of reported acute and chronic/undifferentiated HCV cases. Seven countries with Arctic regions (Canada, Denmark, Finland, Greenland, Norway, Sweden and the United States, represented by the state of Alaska), including three Canadian territories and one province, as well as 11 Russian subnational Arctic regions, completed the data collection template. Data on acute HCV infection during 2014 was available from three Arctic countries and all Russian Arctic regions (rate range 0/100,000 population in Greenland, as well as Nenets and Chukotka Automous Okrugs (Russian subnational Arctic regions) to 3.7/100,000 in the Russian Republic of Komi). The rate of people with chronic/undifferentiated HCV infection in 2014 ranged from 0/100,000 in Greenland to 171.2/100,000 in Alaska. In most countries/regions, the majority of HCV-infected people were male and aged 19–64 years. Differences in surveillance methods preclude direct comparisons of HCV surveillance data between Arctic countries/regions. Our data can inform future efforts to develop standardised approaches to HCV surveillance in the Arctic countries/regions by identifying similarities/differences between the surveillance data collected.
Science & Justice: The Trouble and the Promise
Authors: Reardon Jenny , Metcalf Jacob , Kenney Martha , Barad Karen
Published: October 2018

Over the course of the last five years, a worldwide financial crisis combined with plummeting trust in institutions has led to significant changes in the organization and funding of research and education.  These changes have troubled the very foundations of universities, but they also have created new opportunities to re-imagine and re-form practices of knowledge production, a key concern of Science and Technology Studies (S&TS) and feminist science studies (FSS).  Here we reflect on how these changing institutional landscapes as well as increased demands for substantive ethics training create openings for novel institutional practices that embody core insights of S&TS and FSS.  Specifically, we describe the creation of the Science & Justice Graduate Training Program at University of California, Santa Cruz. Taking its inspiration from recent feminist science studies re-workings of responsibility as response-ability, the SJTP created novel pedagogical and research practices that enabled collaboration across all divisions of the University.  A focus on justice proved critical to our efforts.  In its call to attend to the first principles that shape collective life, justice allowed us to open up the space of research ethics in novel ways, and helped us to create the basis for working across disciplines on shared problems and objects.  As S&TS and FSS increasingly move toward generating new modes of gathering and practices of care, we suggest that justice might open up models of collectivity that fit better with the current zeitgeist and produce the kind of responsive knowledge and institutions long imagined.