bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direcionamento argumentativo em notícias on-line
Authors: Gomes Lívia Letícia Zanier , Rabelo Bárbara Helena
Published: October 2016

Este artigo assume a imparcialidade no gênero textual notícia como mito e objetiva averiguar como acontece a tomada de posição do seu locutor no meio eletrônico e como esse posicionamento pode direcionar o hiperleitor a conclusões. Com um corpus formado por notícias veiculadas em jornais on-line brasileiros, verificou-se como ocorre o direcionamento para uma dada conclusão ou perspectiva. A pesquisa concentrou-se em verificar se esse direcionamento ocorre por meio dos elementos constitutivos do gênero ou se ocorre por meio dos hiperlinks sugeridos. Tem como referenciais teóricos pressupostos da Semântica Argumentativa com teorias como a Teoria dos Blocos Semânticos de Carrel e Ducrot (1992), além do apontamento para diversos outros recursos argumentativos intrínsecos à língua. Foi verificado que a isenção argumentativa do gênero “notícia” veiculado em jornais on-line é apenas um simulacro e que, além do corpo da notícia, os hiperlinks apresentados contribuem para direções argumentativas apontadas pelo locutor do texto.
Imagens discursivas da exterioridade lírica drummondiana
Authors: De Jesus Shirley Maria
Published: October 2016

Este artigo pretende (i) ressaltar na obra Antologia poética, de Carlos Drummond de Andrade (1998), que o autor, ao falar do cotidiano e do presente-passado utilizando uma linguagem lúdica, mas puramente artesanal - que não se fixou numa corrente estética apenas -, não deixou de ser o intelectual preocupado com a difusão da arte; (ii) e demonstrar como Drummond transformou a lírica pessoal em um discurso que reflete ressonâncias coletivas a partir das imagens suscitadas nas leituras dos poemas. Para tal, far-se-ão análises de alguns poemas a fim de possibilitar o acesso à linguagem complexa dos discursos, partindo de um referencial teórico-analítico da área de Linguística, considerando aspectos estéticos, retóricos e ideológicos. Alguns teóricos a serem utilizados neste texto são: Aumont (2012), Bakhtin (2000), Maingueneau (2004), Mendes (2010), dentre outros. Trabalharemos, neste estudo, com a hipótese de que a preocupação de Drummond (1998) era tão profunda, que ele vivencia o eu do outro de um modo totalmente diferente daquele como vivencia seu próprio eu. De uma maneira geral, Carlos Drummond “absorve” o mundo externo e por não saber, às vezes, quem é, será vários: Carlos, José, Robinson Crusoé ... gauche. 
O nome próprio histórico como meio argumentativo nos discursos epidíticos sobre a arte
Authors: Krylyschin Marina
Published: October 2016

Neste artigo, propomos analisar o funcionamento e o papel argumentativo do nome próprio nos discursos sobre a arte, a partir de corpus constituído por livros de ouro e textos de exposição: “Renoir no século XX” (Museu Grand Palais, 2009-2010) e “Picasso e os mestres” (Museu Grand Palais, 2008-2009). O caráter epidítico desses discursos apoia-se frequentemente numa filiação construída pela obra de arte, num dialogismo pictural que se manifesta, ao mesmo tempo, na obra, por suas múltiplas fontes de inspiração, e nos discursos, pela convocação de nomes próprios célebres. Porque os nomes dos pintores ilustres têm um referente inicial (re)conhecido, constituído por um conjunto, fixado nas memórias, de conhecimentos partilhados, a convocação desses nomes em discursos (em partilha com outro nome próprio ou como fonte enunciativa de propósitos relacionados) efetua-se com fins argumentativo e declarativo, tendo em vista afirmar o carácter exemplar de uma obra de arte.
Discurso humorístico em propagandas de trânsito: efeitos ideológicos da cultura de negativação da morte
Authors: Pimentel Mercia Sylvianne Rodrigues
Published: October 2016

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão crítica acerca da relação entre morte, humor e ironia a partir da análise do discurso de uma campanha educativa de trânsito sobre o perigo de misturar álcool e direção. Para tanto, são tomadas como materialidades discursivas peças de comunicação (outdoors) sobre a temática dessa campanha. Como arcabouço teórico norteador, tem-se a Análise do Discurso francesa, de vertente pecheutiana, somada ao referencial dos dispositivos analíticos. Embora a campanha de trânsito tenha trazido uma proposta diferenciada ao associar morte e humor para chamar a atenção dos condutores no sentido de evitar acidentes, a análise do material coletado demonstrou, entre outros aspectos, ser a morte banalizada pela propaganda, assim como haver um reforço à reprodução da cultura de negativação da morte na sociedade contemporânea.
Argumentação de emoções na publicidade impressa
Authors: Alves Giselle Maria Sarti Leal Muniz
Published: October 2016

Este artigo, recorte de uma pesquisa maior, tem como proposta analisar textos de comunicação de massa: dois anúncios publicitários impressos em revistas voltadas para os públicos masculino e feminino – Men’s Health e Women’s Health, respectivamente. Pretende-se examinar o fenômeno linguístico da patemização, estratégia discursiva cuja finalidade é tocar na afetividade do interlocutor, provocando nele um efeito emocional que o leve à persuasão. A análise está fundamentada, sobretudo, na Teoria Semiolinguística do Discurso, preconizada por Patrick Charaudeau, coadunada aos estudos em Argumentação, à Psicologia das emoções e aos estudos sobre a Linguagem Publicitária.
Descobertas científicas na internet: uma análise dialógica do blog “Cientistas descobriram que ...”
Authors: Machado Flávia Sílvia
Published: October 2016

Este trabalho faz parte de um projeto maior que visa comparar o discurso de divulgação científica em diferentes comunidades etnolinguisticas, a saber, a brasileira, a portuguesa e a francesa. Pretendemos analisar um blog de divulgação científica coordenado por pesquisadores brasileiros de diversas áreas, voltado para difusão das últimas descobertas científicas de ponta ao público de não-pares. Tendo como objetivo principal verificar as relações dialógicas e os sentidos que circulam pelo blog, propomos uma discussão teórica sobre as especificidades do enunciado digital, bem como uma análise descritiva e dialógica de alguns enunciados publicados no ano de 2014.
Uma argumentação pela orquestração das vozes numa entrevista ou como rebater uma doxa médica com suavidade
Authors: Carcassonne Marie
Published: October 2016

Uma forma de tensão reside em todos nós para explicar a origem de uma doença, particularmente entre o discurso médico e os demais discursos (CLAVREUL, 1978). No presente artigo, essa tensão é mostrada por meio da identificação de diferentes vozes numa entrevista de pesquisa em psicopatologia, desvelando-se o modo como a orquestração de vozes por uma entrevistada desempenha a função de argumentação e de produção positiva de si. O artigo apresenta o quadro de análise do discurso empregado, que é um quadro dialógico (VOLOCHINOV, 1977 [1929]), interativo e enunciativo, com forte mobilização da noção de movimento discursivo e interpretativo (FRANÇOIS, 1989; SALAZAR, 2008). Para explicar a origem de seus distúrbios de comportamento alimentar, a “voz pessoal” (assumida no nível da enunciação de forma branda, porém claramente atualizada) da entrevistada entra em tensão com uma voz que revela uma forma de doxa médica; isso altera a assimetria social esperada numa interação entre médico e não médico (MARKOVÀ & FOPPA, 1991). A orquestração desta polifonia pela entrevistada é considerada como o exercício de um papel de reposicionamento social no espaço de suspensão pontual permitido na e pela entrevista. Por fim, os movimentos identificados aparecem como lugares discursivos e sociais
Uma outra face feminina: retórica, argumentação e ethos em entrevistas de Hilda Hilst
Authors: Oliveira Regiane Raquel de
Published: October 2016

Entende-se a retórica como uma das mais antigas ferramentas a favor da argumentação ou, como explica Reboul (2004), “a arte de persuadir pelo discurso” (p. 14). Um dos desdobramentos colocados pela retórica é a questão do ethos, termo que trabalha o caráter do orador na aquisição da credibilidade. Hilda Hilst, poeta, ficcionista, cronista e dramaturga brasileira, reconhecida pelo seu comportamento “polêmico”, trabalha a argumentação na construção de uma ideia diferenciada do “ser mulher”. Cristiano Diniz (2013) organizou o livro intitulado “Fico besta quando me entendem” que apresenta uma reunião de entrevistas de Hilst e alguns fragmentos das respostas da autora são utilizados como corpus para a investigação neste artigo. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo é analisar como se constrói o ethos através do discurso argumentativo em entrevistas de Hilda Hilst, discurso este que acaba por formular uma espécie de “atrevimento” no escrever - e ser - feminino.
State and main trends of resource use by economy in regional dimension
Authors: Cherkaska O. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: October 2016

The level of natural resources consumption and their ratio with GDP levels are analyzed in regional espect. Regional differences and trends in cetain types of resources consumption are revealed in accordance with reasons determining them. The grouping of regions according to the ratio between GDP and resources consumtion is made. There is revealed the groupe of regions with high and very high levels of dependency on resources exploitation.
Planning of Kyiv development: historical-geographical aspects
Authors: Stebletska Yu.
Published: October 2016

Considered the essence of the concept “master plan” of cities, its structure and role in urban development. Distinguished historical and urban planning stages of planning of spatial development of Kyiv. In detail analyzed master plans of Kyiv in every historical and urban planning stage. Determined the main characteristic features of master plans of Kyiv in every historical and urban planning stage. Explored changing of ideas about the “capital city”. Generalized the processes of spatial development of Kyiv. Determined the prevailing scheme of city planning embedded in the master plans in the context of historical and urban planning stages.
The ecological state of Transcarpathia region and its impact on the tourism area in the region
Authors: Ulyhanets S. , Melnyk L. , Feshchenko V.
Published: October 2016

The article highlights the ecological status of environmental components of Transcarpathia and their impact on the tourism industry in the region. In this article the effect of the economic activities of individual industrial enterprises and the environment are investigated, the main solutions to existing environmental problems in the region related to environmental management are deterenvironmentmined. Proposals as for improving the strategy in making ecology-oriented solutions to minimize anthropogenic-technogenic impact of industry on the Transcarpathian region environment are formulated.
VISUALIZATION CAPABILITIES OF SIMULATION OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES
Authors: Grabusts Peteris
Published: October 2016

Educational experience shows that during the research process researchers perceive graphical information better than analytical relationships. Many economic courses operate with models that were previously available only in mathematics and physics disciplines. As a possible solution, there could be the use of the package Matlab Simulink in the realization of different algorithms both for engineering disciplines and economic studies. The article substantiates the usefulness of implementing the simulation models during the early stage of the research, when in parallel to acquiring analytical relations, simulation models may be introduced. The aim of the article is to show Matlab Simulink suitability for the purpose of visualizing simulation models of various economic disciplines.  To reach the aim, the following research tasks have been set: identification of Matlab Simulink possibilities for simulation of economic processes; demonstrate visualization models on the basis of examples; visualization of time series model using Latgale unemployment rate data. The article presents examples of using simulation modeling in the economic research processes - optimal tax rate searching and time series application. Common research methods are used in this research: descriptive research method, statistical method, mathematical modeling.
YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION LABOUR MARKET
Authors: Rollnik-Sadowska Ewa
Published: October 2016

In an era of aging of the European Union population, it is crucial to take care of human resources in various spheres of their life. The potential of young people is particularly important, as their economic activity creates the basis of maintaining the European welfare state model. However, the labour market situation of young people is difficult. Moreover, the phenomena, which have recently attracted increasing attention, are remaining for young people without employment, education or training (NEET). The occurrence of NEET's resources is harmful at micro level - due to pauperization of European households as well as for the whole economy due to insufficient usage of human resources. The paper aim is to compare how the situation of young people differs in the European Union labour markets.The paper was based on both the desk-research of literature as well as the analysis of selected economic indicators of young people (aged 15-29 years). The indicator analysis was made through the usage of cluster analysis (Ward's method and k-means method). The data was gathered from the databases of Eurostat. The selected indicators determine the labour market situation of young people in the EU countries and they are derived from two years – 2006 and 2014.Ward's and k-means methods allowed for dividing the EU countries into three groups. It occurred that the groups in 2006 have a completely different composition of countries than in 2014, which was mainly determined by crisis influences on the labour markets as well as directions of conducted reforms. Additionally, the k-means method allowed for comparison of selected groups on the basis of chosen variables and determination of countries with the best and the worst situation of young people.
COMPETITIVENESS OPPORTUNITIES FOR TOURISM IN LATGALE REGION
Authors: Silinevica Irena
Published: October 2016

In this research study, opportunities for improvement competitiveness in the context of tourism in Latgale region are analysed and disclosed. Building tourism competitiveness by means of efficiency, quality, and innovation is underlined in this research study. Measuring and providing the efficiency of tourism products in the public sector is a weak point in the development of tourism competitiveness in Latgale region. Findings of this research allow expressing proposals for increasing efficiency and tourism competitiveness overall. The competitive advantage development model for tourism products in Latgale is offered in this research study. Recommendations are related to human resources, which are engaged in regional tourism development, and to strengthening the capacity of the municipalities, that will allow developing the competitiveness of tourism in the region and tourism regional policy in general.
EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL CARE SERVICES’ QUALITY IN LATVIA: THE CASE STUDY OF “MENESS APTIEKA”
Authors: Liepa Evija , Hernik Joanna , Grīnberga-Zalite Gunta , Matute Anete
Published: October 2016

The availability of quality pharmaceutical care services is an important precondition for the nation’s welfare, therefore their quality maintenance and regular evaluation is one of the main challenges that pharmacies have to deal with. Based on the previous studies of theoretical fundamentals of service quality, the authors have set the research aim to apply SERVPERF and SERVQUAL methods of service quality evaluation for identifying the quality gaps in “Meness aptieka” pharmaceutical services. Retrospective evaluation of service quality can only partly show if quality is at sufficient or insufficient level, therefore authors recommend service providers to use a combined quality evaluation system which includes both identifying of customer expectations and their real experience, afterwards comparing those evaluations to detect gaps in real performance. The research results showed that the quality of the four surveyed “Meness aptieka” pharmacies’ services in Jurmala is at high level and meets customer expectations. There were few minor quality gaps detected, among which most important was customers’ dissatisfaction with new product promotions in pharmacies, which are perceived rather as aggressive sales than holistic care for customer’s health.
ELECTRICITY MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN LATVIA
Authors: Bride Diana , Zvaigzne Anda
Published: October 2016

Electricity is crucial to the development, progress, security and overall lifestyle in the global economy. A common European electricity market requires market integration and transmission grid expansion, including cross-border interconnectors. The electricity market opening in Latvia was divided into four stages; it began with legal persons in 2007 and ended with household users on 1 January 2015. The aim of the research is to assess the development of the Latvian electricity market since the beginning of the electricity market liberalisation.Research methods used: monographic, descriptive, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and regression analysis. The Diamond Model was employed to acquire information for market analysis.The electricity market’s development was affected by its liberalisation. With the interconnections still being developed, the Latvian electricity market is slowly fitting into the Scandinavian market and decreasing its supply dependence on third countries. Now the electricity market is developing naturally; yet, it requires stricter monitoring of its development and stimulation.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE IMAGE OF REZEKNE CITY
Authors: Ogbazghi Robel
Published: October 2016

The research analyzes the development of the image of Rezekne city (Latvia). Attractiveness of a city is described by its image. Three main target groups which are interested in city’s attractiveness are: dwellers, tourists, and business people. The attitude of these target groups were researched in the previous studies by several researchers.It is important to review the negative and positive aspects presented in this research study to minimize the negative elements and highlight the positive or attractive elements. The nature of Rezekne as a potential tourist destination, mainly in the scope of its history and attractions, is an important issue which is discussed in this paper.The research was qualitative and exploratory, consisting of a literature review followed by an empirical investigation using interviews with tourism experts located in the city of Rezekne. The aim of the research study is to investigate tourism specialists' views on the opportunities for increasing the attractiveness of Rezekne city for tourists.
TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Musayeva Naila , Silinevica Irena
Published: October 2016

The aim of this research is to explore tourism development impact on the economy of Azerbaijan. International tourism as a source of both direct and indirect incomes of the state encourages the development of different sectors not specific to the tourism infrastructure, but through the multiplier effect. In this context, the authors analyze the impact of tourism on employment in Azerbaijan and calculate the indirect impact of tourism on the economy of Azerbaijan due to the multiplier effect. The development of tourism in Azerbaijan is constrained by a number of factors, some of which have been analyzed in the paper. Moreover, based on some of the models and data available in Azerbaijan tourism statistics, the authors assess the indirect impact of tourism on the economy in a long term. The results can be used to assess the overall impact of tourism on the economy of the state; to forecast the development of the tourism industry; to forecast the development of related industries; to assess indirect effects of tourism on the growth of population welfare; to forecast the dynamics of change and the efficient use of  labour resources; to develop an investment industry strategy; to develop an effective system of taxation, etc.. The following research methods were used: content analysis of tourism development documents, statistical data analysis; comparative analysis, synthesis, abstract and logical construction methods for studying tourism development opportunities.
RESEARCH OF THE NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
Authors: Silinevica Irena , Igavens Maris , Amantova-Salmane Liene
Published: October 2016

New product development is the main  factor of economic progress in building the economic competitive advantage.  The life cycle of products becomes very short and it trends to be shorter year by year. It means that innovation becomes the main driver force in the economy. The innovation level is not sufficient in Latvia. One of the most significant players in the innovation field are business incubators in Latvia. This research study underlines the role of evaluation of each stage of innovation processes. The authors offer a new model for the evaluation of innovation processes stage by stage. This model allows to identify the main problems that hinder innovation. This model allows to develop concrete proposals for improving the innovative climate in the country. The research is based on the authors’ conducted research as a part of scientific grant of Rezekne Academy of Technologies „New product development process modeling and analysis in Latvia – innovation barriers”. The main methods, that are used in this research were as follows: content analysis, comparative analysis, synthesis, abstract and logical construction methods.
EVALUATION OF CONTROL METHODS FOR SOSNOWSKY'S HOGWEED HERACLEUM SOSNOWSKYI IN REZEKNE MUNICIPALITY: THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF EXPERTS
Authors: Zvaigzne Anda , Kotane Inta , Mezaka Anna
Published: October 2016

An increasing number of scientists as well as the public discuss the spread of invasive alien species that replace local species. One of such species is Sosnowsky’s hogweed that creates problems to land owners and managers as well as local residents in Rezekne municipality.The aim of the paper is to assess expert opinions on the application of control methods for Sosnowsky’s hogweed in Rezekne municipality. To achieve the aim, the following specific research tasks were set: 1) to describe the situation with the spread of Sosnowsky’s hogweed in Rezekne municipality; 2) to identify the most effective methods of control for Sosnowsky's hogweed and their application in Rezekne municipality by employing the expert method.Research methods used: monographic, descriptive, analysis, synthesis, data grouping and a sociological method – an expert survey/interview. Kendall’s W was employed to analyse the extent of agreement among the experts.The research results showed that in general the experts were quite unanimous (W=0.59) and regarded the combined method, chemical control (application of herbicides) and soil tillage as the most effective methods to control Sosnowsky's hogweed. Also, the experts supposed that land owners and managers in Rezekne municipality did not choose the most effective and efficient control methods for Sosnowsky's hogweed.The paper has been elaborated with the financial support of Rezekne Academy of Technologies provided through a research grant.
A NEW INNOVATIVE PRODUCT PORTFOLIO IN LATVIA AND ITS AVAILABILITY ON THE MARKET (BUSINESS INCUBATION PROGRAMME 2009-2014)
Authors: Silinevica Irena , Igavens Maris , Amantova-Salmane Liene
Published: October 2016

New product development is a very important issue for economic growth and welfare growth in general. The support programme of business incubators plays a significant role for operation of start-up companies in their creation of new products. In spite of it many enterprises of business incubators are not able to finish their innovation process, which shows on necessity to research  these problems. The aim of the research is to investigate the portfolio of new products which were developed by Latvian Start-up companies in the frame of the Business Incubation Programme  2009-2014,  related to  commercialization and market uptake.  The research is based on the authors’ conducted research as a part of scientific grant of Rezekne Academy of Technologies „New product development process modeling and analysis in Latvia – innovation barriers”.  The following methods are used in this research: content analysis, deductive, logical and comparison, and word cloud methods. As a result, the authors worked out and offered the word cloud of innovative products, which are produced in business incubators in Latvia, and which are available in markets.  The authors  worked out the word cloud of New Products, which are produced in business incubators, but are not on the markets.
CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR MANAGEMENT FEASIBILITY STUDY IN THE CULTURAL AND CREATIVE INDUSTRY: THE CASE OF ‘THE EMBASSY OF LATGALE “GORS”’
Authors: Jurane Elza
Published: October 2016

The number of cultural institutions has increased in recent years. The range of cultural events offered is so varied that cultural institutions often have problems to choose the most suitable marketing techniques in order to successfully compete in the saturated market and attract new customers. Since 2013 in Latvia three new concert halls have been built and a number of cultural centers have been renovated, therefore it is necessary to seek for new ways to act on the consumer and acquire that part of the public that have not attended cultural institutions or do it very rarely. The aim of the research is to explore possibilities on how to manage consumer behavior- influencing factors when choosing cultural event offers. The following primary research methods are used: the monographic or descriptive research method, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) processing method, the deductive method, evaluation and analysis of surveys, graphical analysis and synthesis. The key results are: a survey of consumer behavior - influencing factors of cultural event attendance by generations in the Embassy of Latgale “GORS”. Consumer behavior influencing factors by generations in the Embassy of Latgale “GORS” needs to be realized in order to attract new customers.
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF COMPANY CRISIS DIAGNOSIS IN ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Klodane Alona
Published: October 2016

Nowadays, under a free market, crises at companies are a frequent phenomenon; however, anti-crisis management and related aspects are currently a little researched problem in Latvia. The research aim is to examine the nature of company crisis diagnosis and its role and importance in the anti-crisis management system. The research general tasks are: to describe the nature of company crisis diagnosis and review the scope, purpose and tasks of performing a diagnosis; to examine the role and importance of company crisis diagnoses in the company’s anti-crisis management system. To achieve the aim, the following research methods were employed: monographic, descriptive, comparison as well as analysis. The present research performed an analysis of the definitions of company crisis diagnosis, an examination of the scope of purposes and tasks of performing a diagnosis; it defined the crisis diagnosis as the systematic application of several different (usually financial) models aimed at assessing the situation of the company, as well as the discovery of indications of a potential crisis. Also, the role and importance of diagnosis of a crisis at a company in its anti-crisis management were determined stressing the fact that crisis diagnostic is a source of high-quality and credible information about the real situation and the availability of resources as well as the basis for carrying out further anti-crisis activities and making decisions both during the process of crisis prevention and within the overall company management system.
La Guerra contra las Drogas y la Cooperación internacional: el caso de Colombia
Authors: Rosen Jonathan D. , Zepeda Martínez Roberto
Published: October 2016

This article examines the U.S. foreign policy towards Colombia with respect to drug trafficking. The analysis concentrates not only on the War on Drugs in Colombia but also on the interests of the U.S. in this country and in the region as a whole. The position of Colombia in the War on Drugs and the response of Washington to this problem highlight the foreign policy of the U.S. towards other countries in the region regarding drug trafficking and organized crime. This work analyzes cooperation between the U.S. and Colombia regarding the drug war. We conclude the article by assessing the cooperation between the United States and Colombia, taking into account the outcomes but also the kind of predominant cooperation.
Patients in a hospital
Authors: Botkin E. S.
Published: October 2016

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Pulsatile lavage for wound debridement in compound fractures of leg: a randomized control trial
Authors: T. P. Shafeed , Paul Bijo
Published: October 2016

Background: Management of compound fractures is a real challenge to the orthopaedic surgeon. Thorough wound irrigation and debridement is necessary to get a good outcome. Power-pulsed lavage (PPL) is a method of wound irrigation that has been popularised as an adjuvant in wound debridement.

Methods: 39 patients of 28 to 40 years with Gustilo Anderson Type II and Type III fractures were divided in to two groups randomly and given pulsatile lavage or continuous flow lavage. Both the groups were followed up from January 2014 to January 2016, microbiology of the swab collected, pre and post lavage, and various other factors influencing the outcome were studied.

Results: Most of the successful outcome was in the age group of 25-29 years (46.7%) and in the male gender 66.7%. The success outcome rate was 73.3% in those with Type II Gustilo Anderson fracture compared to Type III (26.7%). All persons with successful outcome had Tscherne grade II fracture. Also   a   clean   or   clean   contaminated   wound (CDC classification) had more chance for successful outcome (86.7%) than contaminated or dirty wounds.

Conclusions: Heavy growth in pre-lavage blood agar culture was the single most important factor that determines the persistence of infection in compound fracture of both bones of leg. Type of lavage did not affect the union of fracture because presence of radiological signs of union was comparable in pulsatile group (66.7%) and continuous flow group (61.9%). 
¿Tras los pasos del modelo sueco? La nueva regulación del delito de promoción o facilitación de la prostitución de mayores de edad en Argentina
Authors: Grbavac Hernán D.
Published: October 2016

El presente trabajo pretende reflexionar acerca de las implicancias de la Ley 26.842 en la configuración del delito de promoción y/o facilitación de la prostitución de mayores de edad (artículo 125 bis, Código Penal argentino). Particularmente, se indagarán las modificaciones introducidas por dicha ley, como asimismo se analizará la posibilidad de que la nueva regulación legal haya adoptado, de manera subrepticia, el llamado “modelo sueco”, es decir, el sistema legal que, al tiempo que sigue reconociendo como no delictual el ejercicio de la prostitución de mayores realizado voluntariamente, castiga al cliente o demandante de tales servicios. En esa línea, además, el presente artículo se detendrá en analizar la constitucionalidad o inconstitucionalidad como la utilidad o inutilidad, para el logro de sus objetivos, de un sistema como el vigente en Suecia.
RELATÓRIO DE PASSIVO AMBIENTAL: ESTUDO DE CASO À LUZ DA LEGISLAÇÃO, DA DOUTRINA E DA JURISPRUDÊNCIA AMBIENTAIS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Reis Neto Afonso Feitosa , Alves da Silva Leônio José , Bezerra de Araújo Maria do Socorro
Published: October 2016

O Direito Ambiental é a esfera das ciências jurídicas que cuida da tutela do meio ambiente. Todavia, sabe-se que, para uma maior compreensão deste, faz-se necessário saltar a fronteira da divisão do conhecimento em disciplinas, buscando sempre uma visão holística e concreta da realidade. Além disto, uma análise do Direito exige a observância da doutrina, da legislação e da jurisprudência, para que o estudo seja explorado sobre todas as vertentes. Com base em tais fundamentos, este artigo tem como fim analisar a importância da elaboração de um Relatório de Passivo Ambiental na aquisição de uma propriedade imóvel sob a ótica da responsabilidade civil objetiva e da obrigação propter rem. Para tanto, será utilizado um case no qual foi feito esse estudo, verificando-se que uma compra que, antes, parecia vantajosa, mostra-se, na verdade, um problema a ser evitado. Portanto, o relatório demonstra sua funcionalidade não só para a tomada de decisão, mas também para uma cultura de gestão ambiental nas relações econômicas.
O FUNDAMENTO CULTURAL DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA E SUA CONVERGÊNCIA PARA O PARADIGMA DA SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Staffen Márcio Ricardo , Dos Santos Rafael Padilha
Published: October 2016

A dignidade da pessoa humana é uma fonte de normatividade que permite uma abertura axiológica aliada à racionalidade e à democracia, para a ativação de uma mentalidade aperfeiçoada por novos paradigmas, como a sustentabilidade e o desenvolvimento sustentável. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a dimensão cultural da dignidade da pessoa humana no constitucionalismo e sua contribuição para corroborar uma interpretação humanista dos paradigmas da sustentabilidade e do desenvolvimento sustentável. Em relação à metodologia, foi empregada a base lógica indutiva por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, realizando-se, inicialmente, um tratamento analítico da dimensão cultural da dignidade da pessoa humana, descrevendo-se problemáticas e desafios e apresentando-se uma proposta conceitual, para, depois, correlacioná-la com as ideias de sustentabilidade e de desenvolvimento sustentável.
Tecnologías para la identificación de especies arbóreas con dispositivos móviles – eFlora
Authors: Soto-Montoya Casia , Quesada-Monge Ruperto , Madrigal-Gaitán Ivonne , Acosta-Vargas Luis Guillermo , Vargas-Calvo Jorge , Madrigal-Salazar Gustavo
Published: October 2016

Se desarrolló una aplicación para dispositivos móviles que puede ser utilizada para identificar taxonómicamente especies arbóreas. Se recopilaron descripciones de diversas características dendrológicas de 800 especies presentes en el Área de Conservación Pacífico Central (ACOPAC) de Costa Rica a partir de descripciones de especies y colectas de los herbarios de la Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal del TEC, del Museo Nacional de Costa Rica y del Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio). Además, se utilizaron descripciones y fotografías de colectas de la página web del Botanical Gardens of Missouri. Se desarrollaron prototipos de la herramienta que fueron probados con grupos de usuarios, con la retroalimentación generada se desarrolló la tercera versión que se presenta en este documento. La metodología centrada en el usuario permitió satisfacer las necesidades detectadas en esta etapa; y además permite seguir mejorando la aplicación a mediano y largo plazo.  El prototipo generado se puede clasificar como versión beta, que es una versión completa del programa que será entregada a un grupo seleccionado de usuarios para detectar mejoras. Además, se aporta un algoritmo identificador, una hoja de datos con la información taxonómica de 800 especies arbóreas, un repositorio de fotografías para 300 de estas especies y una colección de iconografía que simplifica los términos taxonómicos complejos. Una vez mejorada y probada la aplicación se ofrecerá a los usuarios potenciales.
Selección de genotipos superiores de Gmelina arborea Roxb. por su heredabilidad genética a la tolerancia de la enfermedad de pudrición del tronco, Pacífico sur de Costa Rica
Authors: Ávila-Arias Carlos , Salas-Rodríguez Alexis , Murillo-Cruz Rafael
Published: October 2016

Se identificaron genotipos superiores de melina por su heredabilidad a la tolerancia en la enfermedad denominada “pudrición del tronco de melina”. Lo anterior basado en 15 genotipos que son parte de la colección genética del Instituto de Investigación y Servicios Forestales de la Universidad Nacional (INISEFOR), los cuales fueron evaluados en dos sitios del Pacífico sur de Costa Rica, denominados Cañaza y km 20, donde el INISEFOR estableció ensayos clonales de investigación mediante un diseño de bloques completos al azar. Mediante la aplicación de una escala para determinar la incidencia y severidad del ataque de dicha enfermedad se determinó finalmente el grado de susceptibilidad genética de cada clon. El sitio Cañaza registró bajo grado de incidencia y severidad (16,8 % y 8,4 %, respectivamente), caso contrario al sitio km 20 que registró 26,8 % y 18,7 % para las mismas variables. Se determinaron valores altos y significativos de heredabilidad tanto a nivel individual para la severidad, como para el genotipo promedio en cuanto a severidad e incidencia. La severidad registró mayor control genético que la incidencia. Los genotipos 8, 9 y 12 registraron indicios de menor susceptibilidad genética (mayor tolerancia) tanto para incidencia como para severidad en ambos sitios evaluados, caso contrario para los clones 1, 2, 15 y 16.
Enfoques de integración de información para sistemas de monitoreo de salud estructural de puentes
Authors: Garita César
Published: October 2016

El diseño y desarrollo de sistemas que permitan recolectar, procesar, almacenar e integrar información asociada al monitoreo periódico de la condición de estructuras civiles como edificios y puentes, representa un gran reto desde el punto de vista computacional. En la práctica, podría ser necesario integrar un gran número de herramientas y componentes, con el fin de apoyar la toma ágil de decisiones estratégicas sobre el estado de salud de dichas estructuras por parte de los usuarios finales, incluyendo ingenieros y funcionarios de gobierno. 

Muchos de estos componentes computacionales en general existen o han sido desarrollados previamente por diferentes organizaciones y exhiben un alto grado de heterogeneidad en cuanto a los modelos de datos y el software que utilizan. Este artículo presenta una revisión de enfoques de integración de información en áreas relacionadas con el monitoreo de la salud estructural, con énfasis en puentes. El estudio realizado busca recopilar experiencias que eviten “reinventar la rueda”, así como identificar oportunidades de diferenciación, que sirvan de base para proponer enfoques novedosos de integración de la información en este campo. Este trabajo se realizó como parte del proyecto de investigación e-Bridge 2.0, del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. 
Effects of Power Distance Diversity within Workgroups on Work Role Performance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior.
Authors: Durán-Brizuela Raquel , Brenes-Leiva Grettel , Solís-Salazar Martín , Torres-Carballo Federico
Published: October 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of power distance diversity within workgroups, from the perspectives of work role performance and organizational citizenship behavior. A sample of 251 employees, from a multinational company’s subsidiary, was analyzed to determine the existence of relationships between power distance diversity, work role performance and organizational citizenship behavior. Results indicated two main findings. First, the most power distance diverse workgroups had a negative effect on the work role performance of the employees. Secondly, the most power distance diverse workgroups negatively influenced two dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior: altruism and civic virtue. In addition to the previous main findings, it was concluded that power distance had a negative impact within the workgroups of the organization that was studied. The development of this research made a significant contribution to the innovative research field of cultural dimensions’ relationship with the performance and the behavior of the employees. Additionally, this research is among the first to study the effects of power distance on the work role performance and the organizational citizenship behavior of employees.
Water Resource Planning in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Guzmán-Arias Isabel , Calvo-Alvarado Julio César
Published: October 2016

The current state of water resource management and planning in Latin American and Caribbean countries is described and discussed. The analysis is based on the most recent studies on this subject, which provide elements such as updated and duly verified information on the legislative, institutional and organizational reality in the countries of the region. 

Integrated planning and management of water resources has been characterized by a great diversity of legal and institutional approaches, including long debates on water bills and constant proposals to amend the few water laws in force (Dourojeanni & Jouravlev, 2002.) Some countries such as Mexico and Chile have been more successful in achieving important goals. However, Continuity in time and appropriate coverage are still required, as they are both lacking for now. 
Identificación de parámetros de un modelo térmico para un motor trifásico de inducción usando algoritmos genéticos
Authors: Murillo-Soto Luis Diego , Figueroa-Mata Geovanni , Guerrero-Castro Osvaldo
Published: October 2016

Una forma alternativa de identificar los parámetros de un modelo térmico de un motor de inducción es por medio de algoritmos genéticos. Este trabajo en su inicio, describe brevemente los conceptos relacionados con los modelos térmicos de motores, así como los principales conceptos de los algoritmos genéticos. Posteriormente plantea un modelo térmico simplificado para un motor trifásico Baldor modelo M3558, de 2 hp, 230V, 60 Hz, dicho modelo posee dos nodos para los cuales se plantean sus ecuaciones diferenciales y sus soluciones analíticas. Para determinar los parámetros de este modelo térmico se alimenta un algoritmo genético con el cálculo de las pérdidas del motor eléctrico así como las temperaturas del motor capturadas por un banco de pruebas construido para tal fin. El algoritmo genético va modificando cada parámetro de la solución analítica hasta que se cumplan los criterios de ajuste. En la parte final del trabajo se confrontan las capacitancias y conductancias térmicas obtenidas contra cálculos teóricos de las constantes físicas del motor. Se muestra que los parámetros obtenidos con el algoritmo genético presentan un mejor ajuste respecto a los datos y no requieren del conocimiento de las magnitudes y constantes físicas relacionadas con el motor. 
Aislamiento e identificación de Ascochyta phaseolorum proveniente de un cultivo de Sechium edule en Costa Rica.
Authors: Watson-Guido William , Fuentes-Alfaro Rachel , Madrigal-Rueda Jorge
Published: October 2016

El cultivo de chayote (Sechium edule) ha incrementado su producción en los últimos años y la exportación del fruto es una fuente importante de ingresos para los productores nacionales. Sin embargo, esta cucurbitácea es atacada por Ascochyta phaseolorum, un hongo causante de una enfermedad que produce manchas blancas en los frutos y ocasiona pérdidas importantes para los productores. Para prevenir este daño es importarte tener medidas de control adecuadas, basadas en la identificación certera del patógeno. El objetivo general de esta investigación consistió en la implementación de una metodología de identificación con microscopía óptica y a la vez se utilizan métodos moleculares que permiten una identificación correcta del patógeno a partir de material vegetativo de chayote en el campo, para su uso en futuros trabajos de control de esta enfermedad.
La metodología permitió identificar a nivel molecular y con un alto porcentaje de certeza que el patógeno pertenece al género Ascochyta; la identificación con microscopía óptica basada en las estructuras del patógeno reveló que se trata de A. phaseolorum.
Control microbiológico como experiencia de sostenibilidad local en la agricultura centroamericana.
Authors: Rivera-Méndez William
Published: October 2016

En las últimas décadas se ha experimentado un auge en la investigación y en la aplicación de técnicas de control biológico de plagas y enfermedades agrícolas. La penetración de este tipo de tecnologías de producción se ve reflejada en los cambios observados en el mercado global de bioplaguicidas. La investigación sobre los agentes de control biológico (ACB) y la aparición de empresas y productos basados en microorganismos parecen reafirmar esta tendencia. El objetivo de esta publicación es analizar, con un enfoque de desarrollo sostenible, la reciente introducción del control microbiológico de plagas y enfermedades en la agricultura centroamericana. Se discute sobre los efectos de la expansión del uso de estas tecnologías en los ámbitos social, económico y ambiental. Se enumera una serie de retos que los diversos actores y sectores vinculados deben enfrentar si desean lograr que esta sea una tecnología inclusiva, eficiente y competitiva. Se concluye que, aunque el control microbiológico aún se encuentra en desarrollo, se puede convertir en una opción para transformar nuestros sistemas agrícolas altamente dependientes de insumos sintéticos en sistemas productivos sostenibles.
Manusia Dan Kesempurnaannya (Telaah Psikologi Transendental Mullā Shadrā)
Authors: Kerwanto Kerwanto
Published: October 2016

Abstract : Mullā Ṣadrā is one of the philosophers who had considerable attention to the study of human. His view concerning the human soul and its perfection can be applied as the basis of Islamic principles of psychology. Under the investigation on his philosophical writtings as well as his  Quranic  interpretation,  such  as  Tafsīr  al-Qur’ān,  we  are  invited  to  understand  human nature and its perfection. This article shows Ṣadra’s view about the value of knowledge as the basis of the achievement of happiness in human being. This paper also intended to show that knowledge about the reality of the human soul has a major influence on moral action of an individual.Keywords :  transcendental  psychology,  substantial  motion  (al-harakah  al-jawhariyah), ignorance  (jahl),  theoretical  reason  (nazari),  practical  reason  (‘amali),    intellectual  faculty, animal faculty, lust and anger (amarah). Mullā Shadrā  merupakan salah satu filsuf yang memberikan perhatian yang besar pada kajian tentang  manusia.  Beberapa  pandangannya  tentang  jiwa  manusia  dan  kesempurnaannya bisa dijadikan sebagai basis prinsip-prinsip psikologi Islam. Melalui penelusuran terhadap beberapa karya filsafatnya termasuk juga kitab tafsirnya seperti Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-Karīm, kita diajak untuk memahami hakikat manusia dan kesempurnaannya.Tulisan ini menunjukkan pandangan  Shadrā  tentang  nilai  pengetahuan  sebagai  basis  capaian  kesempurnaan  jiwa dan  puncak  kebahagiaan  manusia.  Tulisan  ini  juga  ditujukan  untuk  menunjukkan  bahwa pengetahuan  tentang  realitas  jiwa  manusia  memiliki  pengaruh  besar  terhadap  tindakan moral seorang individu. Kata-kata kunci :  psikologi  transendental,  gerak  substansi  (al-harakah  al-jawhariyah), kebodohan  (jahl),  akal  teoritis  (nazhari),  akal  praktis  (‘amali),  daya  intelektual,  daya hewaniyah, syahwat dan amarah.