bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial neural network approach to predict ion nitrided case depth and surface hardness of AISI 4340 steel
Authors: Sirin Sule Y. , İnal Melih
Published: June 2019

Since surface hardness affects wear resistance and case depth affects fatigue strength, the optimum value of both is extremely important with respect to the area of use. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of predicting case depth and surface hardness in ion nitrided AISI 4340 steels as a function of process time and temperature by using artificial neural networks and to obtain useful case depth and surface hardness data from an artificial neural networks model. Two projections were created for ion nitrided case depth and surface hardness, both depending on process time and temperature, and the conclusion was reached that the experimental data provides sufficient predictability regarding the artificial neural networks model. In the multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks architecture designed, two outputs (case depth and surface hardness) were determined in the same network according to the inputs, thus providing the integrity of the system characterization. The system was created by means of a Matlab simulink graphical user interface, which determined the artificial neural networks outputs according to the specified input with the purpose of visualizing the process. Different input values could be entered for visually determining the output values of the process.
Corrosion behavior of a precipitation hardened Ni–Cr–Co–Mo alloy under partial slagging coal gasification conditions
Authors: Lee Sungkyu , Park Joohyun , Hwang Sang Yeon , Chung Seok-Woo , Lee Seung-Jong , Yun Yongseung , Kim Min Jung
Published: June 2019

A mechanistic exposure experiment was performed on the commercially available precipitation hardened VDM® alloy C–263 (Nicrofer® 5120 CoTi) Ni-Cr-Co-Mo alloy samples (21 wt.-% Cr, 21 wt.-% Co, 6.1 wt.-% Mo, 2.4 wt.-% Ti, 0.7 wt.-% Fe, 0.6 wt.-% Al, 0.6 wt.-% Mn, 0.4 wt.-% Si, 0.2 wt.-% Cu, 0.08 wt.-% C and bal. Ni) at coal gasification pilot plant facilities affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Engineering in Yongin, South Korea. Thermodynamic Ellingham–Pourbaix stability diagrams were constructed to provide insight into the mechanism of the observed corrosion behavior prevailing in the piping materials between the particulate removal unit and water scrubber of the coal gasification pilot plant. The thermodynamic inference on the corrosion mechanism was supplemented with the morphological, compositional and microstructural analyses of the exposed samples using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses performed on the external and cross–sectional surfaces of the recovered corrosion test samples to comprehensively examine the corrosion scale. Corrosion products with conspicuous spallation were observed after 139 h exposure to the corrosive environment (60 vol.-% CO, 28.4 vol.-%H2, 2.5 vol.-% CO2, 0.8 vol.-% CH4, 600 ppm H2S, and 110 ppm carbonyl sulfide under 2.005 MPa and 170 °C). Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy positively identified formation of rather extensively peeled–off oxides as corrosion scales on the post–exposure alloy samples, which were attributed to the combined effects of evaporation of hydrated Fe, Al, and Cr chlorides and their subsequent transformation into thin (spalled) oxides. This article contains technical contents on the effects of Cr, Mo, Fe, and Al on the observed corrosion behavior which supplement and cast engineering insight into the previously published MP 2-2018 article on corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr-Mo-Fe alloy in a similar environment.
Wind speed regime in Tangier in 2021-2050
Authors: El Hadri Y. , Khokhlov V. M.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The Moroccan energy system is highly dependent on external energy markets. This is why the current Moroccan energy strategy is focused on deployment of renewable technologies projects. Morocco has abundant wind resources.

The purpose of this publication is identifying the characteristics of wind regime in Tangier in 2021-2050 to assess the wind potential.

Results. This particular study used the data of regional climate modelling (RCM) with high spatial resolution of the CORDEX project. The article contains the results of RCM modelling using the RCP 4.5 scenario presented in the rectangular coordinate system with spatial resolution of ≈ 44 km. An ensemble of 11 climatic models was used for the analysis. To verify the RCM retrospective simulations for the period of 2011-2016 were used and to verify the RCM forecasts associated with wind speed we used the observations made at the Tangier meteorological station. The performed analysis allows us to conclude that average ensemble-based series of average monthly values are close to average values of the observed meteorological parameters. The models reflect the climatic parameters with varying degrees of accuracy and their results can be used to analyze future conditions of the climatic system in this region. Average wind speed for the period of 2021-2050 at the Tangier station will be equal to 5.1 m/s which exceeds the current value of 0.6 m/s. According to the forecast the wind speed in the territory of Tanger – Tetouan − Al Hoceima region will exceed 4.5 m/s. Comparison of the RCM-calculated wind speed value with the observational data for the period of 2005-2014 showed its increase. Based on the average annual wind speed values in each of the grid's nodes the linear regression coefficients were calculated.

Conclusion. RCM-modelling showed that in 2021-2050 the territory of Tanger – Tetouan − Al Hoceima region will be dominated by the conditions being favourable for operation and further development of wind energy. Comparison of model calculations with observational data of the current climatic period showed that the Strait of Gibraltar area and the adjacent territories will see the wind speed increase in the future. The maximum value of wind speed annual run will be observed during the cold period of the year which coincides with the period of increased demand for electricity by its consumers.

Directions of further research. The results of this study will be used as the basis for calculating the wind power in this region in 2021-2050.
Examination of the ozone layer condition and level of ultraviolet irradiation within the territory of Ukraine in 2018
Authors: Dvoretska I. V. , Savenets M. V. , Umanets A. P. , Komisar K. M.
Published: June 2019

The paper contains the results of daily monitoring of the ozone layer condition and level of ultraviolet irradiation within the territory of Ukraine in 2018. The analysis was carried out using the values of total ozone content measured by a satellite device Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and estimated ultraviolet values / ultraviolet index. The monitoring was implemented for a regular grid with 1̊ spatial resolution and separately for grid nodes matching the geographic grids of Ukrainian administrative centres. Most of the year total ozone values slightly differed from average long-term values and varied from 270 to 370 Dobson units (D.u.). The paper defines and establishes the reasons for two positive ozone anomalies for the period from February, 24 to March, 4 which resulted in two independent processes of ozone-rich air masses inflow from north. Advective air masses were characterized by high ozone content, which was typical for cold season. First air inflow lasted from February, 24 till February, 26 and caused ozone content increase over the north-western part of Ukraine to 490 D.u. The second inflow over the northern and western parts of Ukraine which lasted from February, 28 to March, 4 caused ozone content increase to 500 D.u. Ozone layer instability over the territory of Ukraine observed from January till April was replaced by slight ozone field variations. From May until the end of the year maximum deviations from average values did not exceed 0.5σ by absolute values. It was established that minimum and maximum ranges of ozone content values constantly changed, however, lower values were observed mainly over the eastern and south-eastern regions. Observations indicated the total ozone spread increase which is typical for seasonal increase of concentrations. Stability of ozone layer total values during the most of the year and absence of significant negative deviations led to ultraviolet index not exceeding 7. In summer, with the highest solar irradiance near the earth's surface, stable ozone content varying within average long-term values not more than by 0.2σ, prevented dangerous ultraviolet index values exceed. Therefore, no high or extremely high ultraviolet irradiation values were observed during the year.
Avaliação de diferentes protocolos preventivos para onfalopatias em bovinos de corte recém-nascidos
Authors: Hintz Loisa Padilha , Bertagnon Heloisa Godoi , Lapczak Jéssica Cristina de Oliveira
Published: June 2019

Onphalopathy is the most common disease in neonate calves from extensive systems, which leads to economic and health problems in the herd. Even there was an adequate transfer of passive immunity, the animals still maybe susceptible to infections, parasitic and inflammatory disturbances in the umbilical region. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of local antiseptic combined with a drug containing ivermectin and benzylpenicillin benzathine, or local antiseptic combined with isolated doramectin, to prevent diseases of the navel. Thirty Aberdeen Angus calves from two properties in the Pinhão/PR were randomly divided into two groups at birth. Both groups received topical application of 10% iodine at birth. Group L received only larvicide, and the other LA received larvicide and antibiotic, at the doses recommended by the manufacturer. Only animals born at term, and that suckled colostrum were including in experiment. The data evaluated were coproparasitological at birth and at 30 days of life, clinical examination was evaluated every 15 days and identification of navel lesions was evaluated every 15 days. Within the conditions of the experiment, both the life score and the coproparasitological did not differ statistically between the groups, however, the animals of the L group presented a higher frequency of navel injury than the animals of LA (P=0,0006). We conclude the local antiseptic and the association of a larvicide and an antibiotic is more effective for combating onfalopathies than only the larvicide and local antiseptic in calves from extensive systems.
Uso de óleo ozonizado no tratamento de mastite Subclínica em Vaca Jersey: Relato de caso
Authors: Quintana Marina , Domingues Isadora Monteiro , Ribeiro Andrea Rentz
Published: June 2019

Subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus results in large economic losses in cattle breeding. One of the major challenges for producers is controlling the disease in the dairy herd. Ozone therapy is an alternative method of treatment that has been growing in veterinary medicine due to its bactericidal, antifungal and antiviral potential. However, the present study reports the use of ozonized oil in the treatment of subclinical mastitis in Jersey cows.
Why Not the City?: Urban Hawk Watching and the End of Nature
Authors: Hunold Christian
Published: June 2019

This multispecies ethnography of red-tailed hawks and of the humans who observed and cared for them investigates everyday engagement with nature and culture in an urban setting. The proliferation of anthropogenic biomes and their attendant human-animal relations is one of the defining social-ecological features of our day. This transformation has caused many ecological disasters but has also created some opportunities, including for thinking more imaginatively about what it means to protect urban nature. Through their activities, interactions, and travels the hawks questioned where belongings are drawn, prompting humans to debate how the city does, can, and should include other animals. And by monitoring the hawks’ activities, the hawk watchers learned to imagine how things might be different if people acted as if the hawks had chosen to live in the city for reasons that made sense to them, if not necessarily to humans.
process of accountability in third sector organizations in Brazil
Authors: De França Jose Antonio , Pereira Clesia Camilo Pereira , Vieira Eduardo Tadeu VIEIRA , Mendes Paulo César de Melo Mendes , Cruz José Humberto Cruz , Foster Rubens Peres Foster
Published: June 2019

This article examines the accountability process of private foundations that are overseen by the Public Prosecutor's Office for the Federal District and Territories (MPDFT) in Brazil. Accountability is a process that provides credibility to the management of nonprofit organizations. Private foundations and nonprofit civil associations use public resources by means of tax exemptions and fiscal immunity when they perform their statutory activities, mainly those related to education, health and social assistance. The research analyzes accounting reports of a sample of 31 private foundations to verify compliance to eight basic requirements of the accounting regulation ITG 2002/12 applicable to third sector nonprofit organizations. By using comparative and quantitative methodology, the research identifies robust evidences that the private foundations overseen by the MPDFT do not fully comply with basic regulatory requirements and produce incomplete accountability.
Cooperative Principle’s Violation and Politeness Strategies in A Movie
Authors: Sumarta Ryan Puby
Published: June 2019

The present study was aimed to find out the type of politeness strategies which was frequently used by the casts in “Mr. Bean” movie and to find out the type of cooperative principle’s maxims which was frequently violated by the casts in “Mr. Bean” movie. This research was a descriptive qualitative method. All data were taken from the utterances of all casts in “Mr. Bean” movie which contained the politeness strategies and the violation of cooperative principle’s maxims. The researcher himself was the instrument of the research. The results show that bald on-record strategy is often used by the casts in “Mr. Bean” movie and the violation of relevance maxim is often used by them in “Mr. Bean” movie. It indicates that the casts of “Mr. Bean” movie tend to use bald on-record strategy and to violate the relevance maxim than other categories.
Fitopatolozi koji su najzaslužniji za razvoj fitopatologije u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Zrilić Marija , Miličević Tihomir
Published: June 2019

Fitopatologija se u Hrvatskoj značajnije počela razvijati počekom 20 stoljeća, osnutkom Katedre za fitopatologiju (1919. godine), a kasnije Zavoda za fitopatologiju (1932. godine) na Gospodarskošumarskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Na području današnje Hrvatske tijekom druge polovice 19. stoljeća boravili su i istraživali i razni inozemni znanstvenici (uglavnom botaničari i mikolozi) koji su proučavali fitopatogene gljive i bolesti na biljkama, pa su hrvatski fitopatolozi u 20. stoljeću na neki način nastavili njihov rad i djelovanje. Od poznatih hrvatskih fitopatologa zaslužnih za razvoj fitopatologije u Hrvatskoj u ovom radu navode se biografije sljedećih znanstvenika i nastavnika: prof.dr.sc. Vladimira Škorića, prof.dr.sc. Milana Panjana, prof.dr.sc. Ane Šarić, prof.dr.sc. Ivanke Milatović i prof.dr.sc. Josipa Kišpatića.
Working performances of carrot root extraction machines
Authors: Sito Stjepan , Kušec Vlado , Glogovšek Tatjana , Ciler Krešimir , Brečko Natalija , Šket Branko , Očić Vesna
Published: June 2019

This paper presents results of field measurements of working performance and fuel consumption evaluation in various operating conditions. Three versions of carrot extraction machines (Dewulf, Europa 2000 and Asa lift) at three locations and two varieties of carrots (Maestro F1 and Mello Yello F1) was. In optimum soil conditions, fuel consumption ranged from 8.4 to 12.5 L/ha, while in heavy operation conditions for extraction machines fuel consumption increased significantly for 65%. The performance of carrot extraction in optimal soil conditions was on average between 3-4 t/ha. In unfavorable soil conditions (soil sodden, mud or too dry soil) working effects up to 70% and this has direct negative consequences on the overall carrots production costs.
Uzgoj, mjere njege i održavanja pelargonija
Authors: Židovec Vesna
Published: June 2019

Pelargonije (Pelargonium zonale i P. peltatum) spadaju među najomiljenije balkonske lončanice. Postoji velik broj kultivara različitih boja cvatova, a izvrsno podnose osunčane položaje. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati taksonomsku pripadnost i porijeklo dviju komercijalno najvažnijih vrsta, način njihovog uzgoja te mjere njege i održavanja u primjeni. Rod Pelargonium pripada porodici Geraniaceae, a potječe iz Južne Afrike. Vrste uobičajene u komercijalnom uzgoju najčešće se razmnožavaju vegetativno iz reznica, premda mogu i generativno iz sjemena. U uzgoju i primjeni traži osunčano mjesto, blago kiseo supstrat, redovitu prihranu i umjereno zalijevanje. Najčešće se koriste kao balkonske lončanice, a predstavnici roda su među najprodavanijim za primjenu na otvorenom.
Agriculture advisory service Požarevac in the function of the improvement of agriculture production in Braničevo district
Authors: Zdravković Marina , Rozman Črtomir , Pažek Karmen , Grgić Ivo , Prišenk Jernej
Published: June 2019

The advisory service in the Republic of Serbia is specific, has a long tradition, has undergone significant organizational changes, and today's agrarian structure is characterized by a large number of agricultural holdings with a relatively small number of agricultural advisers. The agricultural advisory service is important for the improvement of agricultural production, because the quality of the advisory work determines the speed of progress in agriculture, and in that sense it is important to perceive the factors influencing its functioning and the attitudes of the employees' advisors. A survey disputed in PSS Požarevac was mirrored in the interview of five advisers working on the improvement of agricultural production in the Braničevo district, within the framework of the advisory service. The advisers expressed their views on the characteristics of the organization and the advisory work they deal with, the cooperation with agricultural producers, highlighted the difficulties they face in their efforts to achieve better functioning of the service and provided suggestions for improving advisory and cooperation with farmers, all with the aim improving the quality of agricultural production.
Revisión sobre la terapia de grupo en niños y adolescentes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria
Authors: Lineros-Linero R. , Martínez-Núñez B.
Published: June 2019

Introducción: En los últimos años ha aumentado la visibilización de los Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria (TCA), se diagnostican mejor, de forma más temprana y han adquirido una gran relevancia en la sociedad, tanto por la gravedad de la clínica psíquica como sus comorbilidades. Son trastornos que requieren, en la mayoría de las ocasiones, un largo camino hacia la recuperación, precisando un abordaje de tratamiento multimodal.

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión de la bibliografía existente sobre tratamientos psicoterapéuticos en formato grupal en adolescentes con TCA.Material y métodos: Se realiza una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed, Cochrane, UptoDate y Google Scholar, incluyendo todos los resultados hasta febrero 2018 (sin límite de fecha de publicación). Los idiomas seleccionados han sido inglés y español. Se han usado las combinaciones de eating disorder (OR anorexia, bulimia, binge) AND adolescence (OR Young) AND group theraphy (OR pshychotheraphy) y los equivalentes en español.

Resultados: En la población infanto-juvenil se han publicado cinco trabajos en este ámbito. Uno se trata de una revisión de los tratamientos existentes siendo el resto artículos originales. De entre ellos, dos presentan un enfoque basado en la terapia de rehabilitación cognitiva con buenos resultados en adolescentes. Otro estudioprofundiza sobre la autoestima y las habilidades sociales,  hallando una mejoría notable en las mismas  tras la terapia. Por último, encontramos un trabajo basado en la terapia cognitivo conductual, mejorando tanto la sintomatología alimentaria como la ansiedad asociada, problemas de autoestima o relaciones interpersonales.

Conclusiones: Tanto en población adulta como en adolescentes se encuentran beneficios y efectividad demostrada en terapia grupal como parte del tratamiento de trastornos de la alimentación, no obstante, la evidencia es escasa. Es necesario seguir investigando en este ámbito ya que hay poca bibliografía publicada, a pesar de ser frecuente en la práctica clínica.
Síndrome de Holt-Oram y Trastorno del Espectro Autista. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Fontecha Banegas L , Moreno Alonso I , Huertas Patón A
Published: June 2019

El Síndrome de Holt-Oram o displasia atriodigital es un trastorno de herencia autosómica dominante con un 100% de penetrancia que afecta a uno de cada 100000 nacimientos, causado por la mutación del gen TBX5 (12q24.1), responsable de la cardiogénesis y de la formación de los miembros superiores, por lo que se caracteriza por la presencia de anomalías y malformaciones esqueléticas y cardiológicas. Se describe el caso de un varón de 8 años con diagnóstico de Síndrome de Holt-Oram y de Trastorno del Espectro Autista.
Analysis of Nonparametric and Parametric Criteria for Statistical Hypotheses Testing. Chapter II. Agreement Criteria of Romanovsky, Student and Fisher
Authors: Motsnyi F. V.
Published: June 2019

Any assumptions or waiting for that or another distribution of random values are statistical hypotheses. The objective knowledge about hypotheses can obtain always using the spatial statistical tests that are named agreement criteria. It’s known about 100 different agreement criteria.
Nonparametric tests don’t include in calculations the parameters of the probability distribution and operates with frequency only. They don’t assume that the experimental data have a specific distribution. Nonparametric criteria are widely used in analysis of the empirical data, in the checking of the hope models, the simple and complex statistical hypotheses and take a prominent place in science and practice.
Parametric tests contain the distribution parameters. They are used for the samples with the normal distribution. Parametric tests permit: 1) to check the statistical hypotheses about the normal distribution characteristics of the population obtained on the base of sample processing; 2) to except the gross errors; 3) to evaluate the difference of the mathematical average values ; 4) and to distinguish the dispersions. That is why these tests are very extensively used in mathematical statistics too.
The paper continues ideas of the author’s works [1; 2] devoted to advanced based tools of the mathematical statistics. The aim of the work is to generalize the well known theoretical and experimental results about the statistical tests of the hypotheses testing. Parametric criteria (Romanovsky, Student, Fisher) are discussed carefully from the uniform point of view. The peculiarities of its using for statistical hypothesis testing are highlighted. The typical tasks are suggested and solved. All this takes an opportunity to cover the main point (essence) of the problem as a whole and evaluate its actuality directly.
Core Trends in the Development of the Industrial Sector in the Ukrainian Regions
Authors: Ishchuk S. O.
Published: June 2019

The deepening of the processes of European integration updated the need for Ukraine to increase the competitiveness of products of domestic producers to the level of the EU member states. The solution to this problem is impossible without structural modernization of Ukrainian industry. In its turn, the choice of directions and mechanisms for the practical implementation of the new state industrial policy in Ukraine (in particular, at the regional level) should be based on the results of relevant analytical assessments.
The purpose of the article is to determine the key trends in the development of industry in Ukraine based on the evaluation of the dynamics of the values of indicators that systematically characterize the level of functioning of the industrial sector of the national economy in a regional context.
The results of the analysis revealed that industry remains the leading type of economic activity in Ukraine with a share of 34.1% in the volume of sales of products (goods and services) in 2017. That year the industrial sector of the national economy significantly increased production, export and investment activity, and also reached a higher level of efficiency, in particular, resource (return on assets and labor productivity) and economic (operating profitability, profitability and return on assets). At the same time, there was a further decrease in the level of capital and innovation activity of the industry. To a certain extent, this is due to a slowdown in the dynamics of investment processes – the growth rate of capital investment in industry decreased by 18.4 pp.
In order to counteract the established negative trends in industrial development (first of all, deterioration of the structure of assets and decrease of innovation activity, in particular, reduction of the share of innovative products in the total volume of industrial products sold, etc.), as well as for the further growth of profitability of the subjects of industrial activity and increase of the share of industry in commodity exports, the implementation of a complex of organizational and economic and financial mechanisms in the following areas: stimulating the level of innovation activity; activation of attraction of direct foreign investments; increasing export potential.
Organized roll circulation and transport of mineral aerosols in the atmospheric boundary layer
Authors: Vazaeva N. V. , Chkhetiani O. G. , Maksimenkov L. O.
Published: June 2019

Investigation of roll circulations and its transport characteristics in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is carried out. The case study in Kalmykia, 28 of July, 2007, where the equipment measurements have been conducted by A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, is analyzed with the use of WRF-ARW model. The evolution of the circulation with considerable asymmetry in the positive and negative velocity and helicity components is registered. The rolls is sign out by the intensification of the dust picking up and accumulation from underlying terrain, and along with intensive vortices with vertical axis become the significant source of atmospheric pollutants. Captured fine aerosols can be transported by long distances and form the aerosol layers.
Bulk models of sheared boundary layer convection
Authors: Debolskiy A. V. , Stepanenko V. M. , Glazunov A. V. , Zilitinkevich S. S.
Published: June 2019

The paper discusses approaches to the construction of integral models of the convective boundary layer (CBL), based on the concept of complete mixing. To test analytic bulk models and the basic hypotheses of similarity, we use the results of eddy modeling (LES – Large Eddy Simulation). The empirical constants of the CBL integral models obtained according to the LES data for the case of free convection, are in good agreement with the previously published data of laboratory experiments. It is also shown that the flow of kinetic energy from the upper boundary of the CPS, carried out by gravitational waves, is small compared with other components of the balance of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in the convective layer. Parametrization of TKE generation for the case of sheared convective boundary layer in terms of the friction velocity and the average wind velocity in the CBL derived; resulting dimensionless constants are obtained from LES data. The results of the work allow us to formulate an integral model of the shear KPS suitable for practical use.
Estimates of the turbulence intensity and power density of an asymmetrical tidal flow under variability of wind forcing
Authors: Korotenko K. A. , Sentchev A. V.
Published: June 2019

A high-frequency (1.2 MHz) four-beam Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) moored on the seabed has been used for direct measurements of turbulence in a shallow coastal zone of the eastern English Channel. From the measurements conducted, 5 tidal cycles covering calm and storm periods were selected. Impacts of the tidal cycle asymmetry and the variability of wind forcing on the turbulence intensity, Reynolds stresses, and the power density of the flow are assessed quantitatively. A comparison of the energy characteristics of the tidal flow during calm and storm periods revealed that the power density of the stream during the storm was about half of that during the calm period. Wave bias correction of Reynolds stresses allows estimating a contribution of small-scale turbulence to its total intensity.
Volgian–early berriasian marginal filter in the West Siberian marine basin and its influence on sediment distribution
Authors: Kontorovich A. E. , Burshtein L. M. , Nikitenko B. L. , Ryzhkova S. V. , Borisov E. V. , Ershov S. V. , Kostyreva E. A. , Konotorovich V. A. , Nekhaev A. Yu. , Ponomareva E. V. , Fomin M. A. , Yan P. A.
Published: June 2019

The West Siberian marine basin of the Volgian–initial Berriasian ages is described. It is shown that a marginal filter (according to A. P. Lisitsyn) functioned in the basin. The main mass of terrigenous sediments was deposited within the eastern margin of the sea. The central part of the basin only received a small amount of the terrigenous material. Water area of the West Siberian Sea was 2 mln 530 thou km2; eastern marginal filter, 535 thou km2; and open epicontinental marine basin, 1 mln 994 thou km2. Depth of the Volgian Sea was 500 m. Mass of sediments in the West Siberian Sea by the end of late diagenesis was 228.4 Tt (recalculated to the anhydrous material), with sediments in the eastern marginal filter accounting for 121.7 Tt. Bioproductivity of the Volgian–Berriasian West Siberian Sea was extremely high. The mass of living matter was composed of archaea, bacteria, and protozoan unicellular eucaryotes (organic-walled), as well as organisms with the siliceous (radiolarians) and carbonate skeleton (foraminifers and others). The rock mass formed from sediments of the central deep-water part of the basin at the stage of diagenesis was 106.7 Tt (recalculated to the anhydrous material), including the mass of organic matter (OM) accounting for 15.8 Tt; mineral (siliceous and carbonate) relicts of organisms, 67.8 Tt; and allothigenic components (clay minerals and iron hydroxides), 23.1 Tt. Analysis of the composition of kerogen (polymerlipids) revealed that the amount of OM transported to sediments was 15–20 times higher than the present-day amount in rocks of the Bazhenov Formation. At the stage of early diagenesis, the OM mass in sediments was as high as 235–320 Tt (recalculated to the anhydrous material). The Bazhenov Sea represented a huge natural ecosystem favorable for the generation, reworking, and accumulation of living matter relicts. At the stage of catagenesis, unique oil-andgas resources were generated from OM masses deposited in this system.
Trace element and isotopic features of carbonates from the mud volcanic ejecta from the Kura depression (Azerbaijan)
Authors: Lavrushin V. Yu. , Aliev Ad. A. , Pokrovsky B. G. , Kozmenko O. A. , Kikvadze O. E. , Sokol E. V.
Published: June 2019

A collection of veins and dispersed Ca carbonates from the mud volcanic ejecta from Azerbaijan has been studied. The appearance of calcite veins healing cracks are divers. Isotopic characteristics of the majority of Ca carbonates are the follows: δ13С (from -4 to +2‰) and δ18О (from +20 to +26‰) and are typical of marine carbonate sediments. The fragments of vein calcite enriched in 12C (δ13С from -49.2 to -6‰) were found in the mud masses of a few mud volcanoes and might be connected with the dormant methane seeps, occurring at the high level of Caspian Sea. The dispersed Ca carbonates from mud masses have δ13С from -6.1 to +11.9‰, and δ18О from +23.8 to +32.7‰. Studied carbonates have no geochemical links with the mud volcanic waters of current emission. The aqueous fluids are characterized by high НСО3- contents (up to 8 g/l) and average δ13С(TDIC) and δ18О(Н2О) values as high as δ13С = +20.0‰ and δ18О = +4.0‰. Both isotopic and REE signatures of vein calcites allows one to connect them with post-depositional interaction between formational waters and carbonate sedimentary matter. On the base of these data mud volcanic feeder channels have been considered as isolated hydrodynamical systems, avoiding the connection with the aquafers of host sedimentary strata.
Role of elision water exchange in formation of the Yamalo-Kara depression hydrodynamic field
Authors: Novikov D. A.
Published: June 2019

The unique material has been compiled on the hydrodynamics of oil and gas deposits of the Yamalo-Kara Depression for the first time in the last 30 years. The main feature of the region is the wide development of abnormally high formation pressures (Ka to 2.21) in both Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous horizons. Studying the filtration-capacitive properties and hydrodynamic characteristics of the Jurassic-Cretaceous reservoirs allows to established the predominate role of the elision water exchange in the formation of the modern hydrodynamic structure. At the depth of about 2–2.5 km elisional lithostatic system begins to acquire the features of elisional thermo-dehydration system. The extensive zones of piezomaxima (Bolshekhetskaya and Karskaya megasyneclise) at the present stage of development of the water-pressure basin system became internal areas of water pressure (supply) with a maximum degree of hydrogeological closeness. The vast zones of piezomaxima (the Bolshekhetskaya and Karskaya megasyneclises) became the inner regions of water pressuring (feeding) with the maximal degree of hydrogeological closeness of the interior at the current stage of the development of the water-pressure system in the basin. The areas of piezominima extending along the main sites of oil and gas generation are related to the largest zones of oil and gas accumulation (Vankoro-Suzunskaya, Bovanenkovskaya, Urengoyskaya and others). Currently, two types of natural water-pressure systems has been established in the region under investigation: elision in the inner regions (dominating within the Yamalo-Kara depression) and infiltration — in the basin margins of the West Siberian sedimentary basin.
Kinematics of the neargreenland region in the Eurasian basin
Authors: Schreider A. A. , Sazhneva A. E. , Kluev M. S. , Brehovskih A. L. , Rakitin I. Ya. , Zuev O. A.
Published: June 2019

The bottom of the Lincoln Sea was formed in a continental area stretching Greenland-Barents Sea shelf. Prior to stretching the continental plateau of the shallow Morris Jesup and Ermak rep-resented the single unit. In the course of a single continental rifting is split in the plateau, giving rise to a process propagating mid-oceanic Gakkel Ridge. The process continued split-huddled around 1.5 my. in the range of 35.3–33.7 my. The introduction of numerous basic dikes in the process of rifting could determine high amplitude magnetic anomalies on a single plateau. For the first time carried out the restoration of the geometry of the crack split the continental crust, the Euler pole and angle describing its kinematics and restored paleobathymetry on the flanks of the cracks.
Artificial beach as a structure to defend a sea coast from the storm surge impact (based on the example of the eastern Gulf of Finland)
Authors: Leont’yev I. O.
Published: June 2019

The model of artificial beach to protect a sea coast subjected to erosion under impact of significant storm surge is suggested. The beach profile properties are based on the concept of equilibrium profile by Dean. It is shown that the use of coarser sand provides greater total width of beach, but requires greater volume of constructional berm. At the same time, the loss of material due to longshore sediment transport decreases. Application of the model to three segments of eroded coast in Kurortniy region of St. Petersburg (Eastern Gulf of Finland) allows recommend the medium sand 0.3–0.5 mm to construct the artificial beach. In this case, the width of dry beach section would be about 80–140 m, while the volume of constructional berm would be (1.3÷3.2)×102 m3/m depending on sediment deficit in a given coastal segment. In order to minimize the relative loss of material it is suggested to construct the beach of which the length is not less than 1 km. In this case, more than half of initial beach volume would be kept even after 30 years. Modeling of extreme storm impact leads to conclusion that the designed beach profiles are only slightly deformed and able conserve their resource over a long time.
Geological studies in the Eastern Indian Ocean: cruise SO258/1 of the R/V Sonne (Germany) with the participation of Russian researchers
Authors: Levchenko O. V. , Marinova Yu. G. , Werner R. , Portnyagin M. V.
Published: June 2019

New geological-geophysical data were obtained during Cruise SO258 leg 1 of the R/V SONNE carried out in the eastern part of the Indian Ocean in 2017. This expedition was part of the research project INGON, which is a collaboration between the Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) and the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel. Multibeam echo-sounder bathymetry, seismic reflection profiling and rock sampling were done on 3 areas on 85° E Ridge and close to the Ninetyeast Ridge. The paper describes the first results.
Correction to article “Alekseeva T.A, et al. comparing the satellite microwave and visual shipborne sea ice concentration
Authors: Alekseeva T. A. , Tikhonov V. V. , Frolov S. V. , Raev M. D. , Repina I. A. , Sokolova Yu. V. , Afanasieva E. V. , Sharkov E. A. , Serovetnikov S. S.
Published: June 2019

This publication contains the correct version of Figure 2.
A Computational Maple Library for Skew PBW Extensions
Authors: Fajardo William
Published: June 2019

In this paper we present a computational package developed for making computations involved in many homological applications of the Grbner theory of skew PBW extensions.
Multiple sclerosis: A high-incidence immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system
Authors: Rumrill, Phillip D. , Bishop Malachy
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders in the world, and it is increasing in incidence and prevalence in the United States.

OBJECTIVE:

This article describes the medical, psychosocial, and vocational aspects of MS. Current information regarding the diagnosis and treatment of MS is presented. The authors review recent research on the impact of MS on health, function, employment, and community participation.

CONCLUSION:

Important considerations for providing responsive vocational rehabilitation services to people with MS are thoroughly discussed.
Life domains that are important to quality of life for people with multiple sclerosis: A population-based qualitative analysis
Authors: Bishop Malachy , Fraser Robert , Li Jian , Rumrill Phillip D. , Burns Maura , LaRocca Nicholas , Frain Michael , McDaniels Bradley , Lee Beatrice
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is among the most prevalent chronic neurological conditions worldwide and is associated with a wide range of symptoms and psychosocial impacts. Quality of life (QOL) is recognized as a comprehensive and person-centered framework for exploring and understanding these impacts. Although there is a strong history of including people with MS in the development of health-related and patient-reported outcomes QOL instruments in MS, there have been relatively few large-scale qualitative investigations of what is important to the QOL of people with MS. As part of an ongoing evaluation by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS), in which the NMSS is seeking to evaluate the impact of its work on the lives of people living with MS, we surveyed a sample of 748 Americans with MS about the areas of their life that are most important to their QOL.

RESULTS:

The results suggest that social relationships, health, independence, and participation in meaningful activities, including employment, were among their top priorities. The diversity of life areas identified underscores the importance of understanding the individual’s unique priorities and experiences of QOL, and recognizing the diversity of the population.

CONCLUSION:

The results are discussed in terms of the implications for understanding of priorities and experiences of Americans living with MS.
A review of interview preparation via virtual and mixed reality for individuals with intellectual and developmental disorder
Authors: Walker Zachary , Lee Sheena J. E. , Wienke Wilfred , Tan Desiree S.
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:

There is substantial evidence that a lack of social skills and social competence is the primary barrier to gaining and maintaining employment for individuals with IDD. Data on employment outcomes along with scholarly literature on social skills education provide evidence that current programming is unsuccessful for individuals with IDD transitioning into the workplace.

OBJECTIVE:

This literature review provides a broad overview of innovative media and technology offering educators novel practices and strategies to improve interview performance and employment preparation for individuals with intellectual and developmental disorder (IDD).

RESULTS:

The literature shows that multiple currently available technologies, including virtual reality and mixed reality, can improve the social skills required for successful interpersonal interactions and interviewing in individuals with IDD.

CONCLUSIONS:

Transition educators should be encouraged to consider how innovative technologies can be used to support the development of social skills for students with IDD in employment preparation.
Using human urine-derived renal epithelial cells to model kidney disease in inherited ciliopathies
Authors: Molinari Elisa , Sayer John A.
Published: June 2019

The extreme heterogeneity of renal ciliopathies warrants the use of personalised, patient-specific disease models. Kidney tubular epithelia are exposed to continuous passage of filtrate and viable renal tubular cells are excreted daily in the urine, representing a non-invasive source of patient primary material. These cells can be isolated, cultured and employed for a range of applications, from disease modelling to ex vivo drug testing.
The accuracy assessment of ultrasound for the diagnosis of ischiofemoral space – A Validation Study
Authors: Lu Bo , Deng Heping , Chen Baicheng , Zhao Jian
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate and evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound (US) imaging for measurement of ischiofemoral space (IFS) compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

METHODS:

Twenty-five hips of 16 patients with hip pain and ipsilateral quadratus femoris muscle (QFM) edema were recruited to the IFI group, and 19 hips of 19 patients without hip pain and QFM edema were recruited as the control group. IFS of both groups was measured by US and MRI. The correlations and differences between US and MRI measurements were then assessed. Last, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) data analysis was performed.

RESULTS:

The US results revealed a decreased IFS in IFI hips compared with controls ( P < 0.001), suggesting that US were valuable in identifying IFI. IFS measured by US and MRI showed positive correlations in both the IFI group ( r = 0.409, P = 0.042) and control group ( r = 0.575, P = 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between IFS measured by US and MRI in the control group ( P = 0.657), while IFS measurements in the IFI group performed with US were significantly greater than those with MRI ( P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis revealed that the cutoff value of IFS measured with US was 2.14 cm, with a sensitivity of 92.0% and specificity of 68.4%, while measured by MRI was 1.87 cm, with a sensitivity of 96.0% and specificity of 84.2%.

CONCLUSIONS:

IFS measurements obtained with US are very similar to those obtained with MRI. Therefore, US provides a low-cost and easy-to-operate alternative imaging modality to measure IFS.
Measurement of 6 MV small field beam profiles – comparison of micro ionization chamber and linear diode array with monte carlo code
Authors: Gul Attia , Farrukh Salman , Kakakhel M. Basim , Ilyas Nasir , Naveed Muhammad , Haseeb Abdul , Mirza Sikander M.
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study is to analyze small field photon beams acquired with commonly available detectors. Beam profiles of 6 MV photons from the Siemens Primus Linear Accelerator were measured with a micro ion chamber (IC CC01, IBA) and linear diode array (LDA-99SC, IBA). Data was acquired using a water phantom for small fields (0.5×0.5 cm2 to 4×4 cm2) at depth of maximum dose, 5 cm and 10 cm. Profiles were also generated with EGSnrc Monte Carlo code. Measured and simulated profiles were compared in terms of percentage difference of the area under the simulated and measured profiles ( PD), ratio of the measured to simulated dose at the point of maximum deviation within the central region of profile ( R), full width half maximum ( FWHM) and penumbra. For field sizes ≥1×1 cm2, the maximum PD is 3.17 % and 2.87 % for IC and LDA respectively, whereas R is in the range of 0.95–1.05 for IC and 0.99–1.05 for LDA. LDA measured FWHM and penumbra are also in better agreement with the simulated results. This study demonstrated that LDA can be used for acquisition of beam profiles for field size as low as 1×1 cm2.
Diagnosis of a hamate hook fracture with 3D reconstruction of computed tomography images: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Li Shuang , Khan Alick , Chen Jing , Tan Jun
Published: June 2019

We report the case of a 19-year old man who presented to our institution with a history of pain of one week in the ulnar side of the left wrist and continuous pressing sensation in the palm. According to patient, there was no history of acute hand trauma. The conventional roentgenograms did not show the fracture and computerized tomographic (CT) scanning demonstrated a complete fracture of the hook of the hamate. The patient was given a surgical intervention and the hamate bone was reduced through a palmar skin incision. After surgery, the operated hand was immobilized in a wrist brace and the patient was put on a rehabilitation protocol. At the last follow-up, the patient was able to return to normal living activities without any symptoms. We reviewed the latest articles of the past 18 years and compared the research studies related to the diagnosis and treatment of the hamate hook fracture. Our conclusion is that CT scan is the most effective diagnostic tool for detecting the hamate hook fracture. Three-dimensionally (3D) reconstructed images based of CT could provide more accurate and insight illustration for better evaluation in surgical planning.