bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Evaluation of Performance Related to Noise Robustness of VITS for Speech Synthesis
Authors: Yang Jvlie
Published: July 2023

In recent years, the utilization of voice interfaces has gained significant popularity, with speech synthesis technology playing a pivotal role in their functionality. However, speech synthesis technology is susceptible to noise interference in practical applications, which may lead to a decrease in the quality of speech synthesis. In this paper, the noise robustness of the Variational Inference with adversarial learning for end-to-end Text-to-Speech (VITS) model was investigated, which has shown promising results in speech synthesis tasks. This study conducted experiments using six different texts and evaluated the speech synthesis results using three metrics: Mean Opinion Score (MOS), Disfluency Prediction (DIS), and Colorfulness Prediction (COL). The experiments consist of a control group and six experimental groups, which include two types of noise, Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and real-world noise, at three different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The results demonstrated that both types of noise can significantly reduce the MOS scores of the synthesized speech, with a more severe decrease at lower SNRs. In terms of DIS and COL scores, the VITS model exhibits superior performance with real-world noise compared to AWGN noise, especially at lower SNRs. Moreover, even at an SNR of 3, the VITS model can still generate intelligible speech, which demonstrates its high noise robustness. The findings have important implications for the design of robust speech synthesis models in noisy environments. Future studies may focus on exploring more advanced noise-robust models or investigating the application of these models in practical voice interfaces.
Principles And Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Algorithms: A Review of The Literature
Authors: Wang James
Published: July 2023

Artificial intelligence technologies, represented by machine learning and knowledge graphs, have gained rapid popularity in the last century, and their research has been involved in a wide range of applications such as license plate recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, intelligent assistants, recommendation systems, and autonomous driving. With the increase of data, computing power, maturity of learning algorithms, and richness of application scenarios, people have started to pay attention to this "new" and widely successful research field in academia and industry, and its development history, working principles, and practical applications have attracted much attention and created a new round of AI enthusiasm. The main content of this paper includes the analysis of classical AI algorithms, the reduction of neural networks, decision trees, and biological evolutionary algorithms from the perspective of algorithm principles, and the description and overview of their practical applications and problem-solving processes in various fields and technologies, summarizes and prospects the future development of AI in the context of its development history and existing research results so that readers can better understand the future trends of AI.
Review Of Near Infrared Spectrum Detection Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Liu Jingrui
Published: July 2023

Near infrared spectroscopy technology has the characteristics of accurate analysis of material composition and characteristics, quantitative testing, non-destructive testing, and so on. With the progress of artificial intelligence and the development of deep learning technology, near-infrared spectroscopy detection systems based on deep learning algorithms have emerged, which include various typical methods and have achieved good application results in food safety monitoring, pollutant detection, and drug analysis. This article provides a systematic review of domestic and foreign literature, introducing the principles, characteristics, and development history of deep learning and near-infrared spectroscopy technology. It discusses the research significance of near-infrared spectroscopy detection based on deep learning. It also reviews the latest progress in deep learning based near-infrared spectroscopy related technologies, elaborates on the advantages, disadvantages, and applicable fields of the methods, and makes prospects and predictions for the future development trends in this field.
An LSTM-Based Approach for Stock Price Prediction in the Metaverse
Authors: Wen Jiaxuan
Published: July 2023

This study proposes a novel approach for predicting stock prices in the metaverse using a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) model with an attention mechanism. The model is trained on a large dataset of historical stock price data from the company called META. The proposed method preprocesses the original data by normalizing, splitting it into training and test sets, and transforming it into tensors. The performance of the model is evaluated using various metrics, including Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and optimization is carried out by increasing the number of model layers, adjusting the learning rate and batch size, adding regularization, and using different activation functions. The results demonstrated that the proposed approach provides an accurate and effective tool for predicting stock prices in the emerging industry of the metaverse. Accurate predictions of stock prices can significantly impact investment strategies and enable investors to make informed decisions and optimize returns. The study highlights the importance of considering new emerging industries for financial analysis and investment strategies. This research provides a new perspective on financial analysis and investment strategies in emerging industries and demonstrates the feasibility of using an LSTM model with an attention mechanism to predict stock prices in the metaverse. The proposed approach has the potential to revolutionize financial analysis and investment strategies in the emerging industry of the metaverse, providing a valuable tool for investors and financial analysts to make informed decisions and optimize returns.
Challenges, Corresponding Solutions, and Applications of Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Zhong Hongbo
Published: July 2023

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have become a popular deep learning framework in the field of artificial intelligence. Researchers have developed various types of GANs, such as Conditional GANs (CGANs), Mode Dropping GANs (MDGANs), and Wasserstein GANs (WGANs), which have been applied to many different fields. Despite the success of GANs in various tasks, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed. For example, model collapse, non-convergence, and diminished gradient could hinder the training of GANs. In this paper, the authors first introduce the basics of GANs before highlighting a few common problems associated with GANs and their corresponding solutions. For instance, they discuss techniques such as mini-batch discrimination and batch normalization that can help mitigate model collapse and diminish gradient problems. Additionally, they cover methods that can improve the convergence rate and stability of GANs, such as using alternative loss functions and incorporating regularization algorithms. Finally, this paper briefly introduces some recent applications of GANs in image generation, video prediction, and other areas. Despite the challenges that still exist, GANs have shown great promise in various fields, and with further research, GANs have the potential to become more robust and efficient models for generating high-quality synthetic data.
Analysis of chemical composition of ancient glass based on correlation analysis model
Authors: Bi Zexin , Song Jia
Published: July 2023

In the contemporary world, it is a common requirement of all countries in the international community to protect the cultural heritage created by mankind together. In recent years, as more and more cultural relics are unearthed, the study of cultural relics has been emphasized. Ancient glass and its susceptibility to weathering leads to changes in the content of internal elements making the proportion of its composition change, thus affecting the correct judgment of its category. In order to identify the category, ornamentation, and color of artifacts excavated after severe weathering, and thus understand the subtle craftsmanship of ancient times to maintain the unique national cultural identity of our country, the chemical composition content prediction model. Firstly, the different attributes were quantified using the ease of being weathered, after which the corresponding quantified values were formed into a new data table, and then using normality analysis, it was concluded that the individual data did not conform to a normal distribution, so Spearman correlation analysis was chosen, and the correlation coefficients of type, ornamentation, and color for weathering were 0.344, 0.248, and -0.054. This indicates that the most significant factor affecting weathering The most significant factor affecting weathering was type, followed by ornamentation, and color had a poor effect on weathering and there was no correlation between the two. Then, a stepwise regression equation was established using the content of each chemical component before weathering and the content of each chemical component after weathering, and the data from the weathered sites were substituted into the model to obtain the content of chemical components before weathering. The results indicate the pre-cultural chemical content of each artifact, helping to identify artifacts with severe weathering and thus better preserve and pass on the spirit of Chinese artisans for thousands of years.
Compositional analysis of glass products based on XGBOOST
Authors: Li Zhiyang , Chen Yu , Pan Wenxuan , Kuang Wentao , Hu Manfang
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a model for composition analysis and identification of glass products. Based on the XGBOOST algorithm, the XGBOOST model was constructed to find the type of glass, ornamentation, and color in the weathering and non-weathering points. The main component of glass products is SiO2, which imparts the desired functional properties by mixing different oxides. Ancient glass products are very susceptible to weathering caused by the buried environment, resulting in changes in the proportions of the various components inside. Since glass products of different materials have different properties, the classification of glass products is worth studying.
Opportunities and Challenges for Solar Cells
Authors: Li Ding
Published: July 2023

With the development of the economy and increasing productivity worldwide, the current demand for resources and energy is continuously growing. This has led to problems such as energy scarcity and environmental pollution, so it is high time to find sustainable development solutions. As a treasure gifted by nature, solar energy provides new development opportunities for the sustainable development of mankind. This article will discuss the main principles of solar cells, focus on analyzing the development prospects and problems of the Chinese photovoltaic industry, and finally discuss the new direction of future space solar energy development.
A Study of The Climate Mitigation Potential of The Implementation of Green GDP Indicators
Authors: Hao Chentong , Wu Keyu , Liao Qianhui
Published: July 2023

GDP is the main indicator to measure economic health, but it fails to comprehensively measure the sustainability of economic and environmental conditions. Therefore, a comprehensive GGDP accounting system is established. This article chooses the direct market method and the productivity method to account for environment and resource value. Specifically, the model divides the accounting of GGDP into two levels of indicators including seven secondary indexes. After setting up the GGDP accounting system,a multiple regression model was developed to study the impact of GGDP adoption on global climate.
Modelling and Researching Light Pollution Risk
Authors: Gu Shulei , Liang Xiaonan , Song Yuhang , Fu Zhiheng , Wang Fangyuan , Yi Jiabin
Published: July 2023

With the acceleration of urbanization, the negative impact of light pollution on human production and life and biological growth is increasing. This paper develops four models to quantify the intensity of light pollution, formulate effective strategies to mitigate the negative impact, and improve human awareness. The STNLP model is developed for light pollution by firstly using AHP to determine the indicator weights and concluding that geography is a widely applicable indicator to describe the risk level of light pollution, then building the STNLP model between geography and light radiation brightness, and finally using the Erdos-Renyi model to test the effect of the STNLP model. This paper proposes three intervention strategies, builds a stepwise regression wavelet neural network model, and concludes that policy adjustments can effectively mitigate light pollution by comparing the three-dimensional scatter plots before and after the corrections.
Cover for Vol 31
Authors: Cercignani Fausto
Published: July 2023

Studia austriaca, Cover for Vol 31 (2023)
Factors that affect profitability in the Spanish pig farming industry
Authors: CARDIL Alba , GALLIZO Jose L. , SALVADOR Manuel
Published: July 2023

Aim of study: To identify factors that boost the financial profits of pig producers. These factors refer to the company, the industry and the territory where they are located. We also incorporated an environmental factor according to greenhouse gas emissions.
Area of study: Spain.
Material and methods: The data used came from a sample of 1,810 Spanish entities that provided unbalanced panel data for the 2003-2018 period.
Main results: In recent decades, the pig farming industry has undergone considerable development characterised by an increase in production, exports and in the productivity of pig farms. The study enabled us to detect the factors that most influence the profitability of pig producers, bearing in mind the possible existence of endogeneity problems between some of the variables analysed.
Research highlights: The results obtained have practical implications, insofar as they facilitate decision-making as regards the location and characteristics that farms must possess in order to obtain competitive profitability.
Ferroelectric HfO2: A promising material for next-generation ferroelectric memory devices
Authors: You Haolin
Published: July 2023

Recently, ferroelectric material is playing a more and more important role in the applications of semiconductor devices, especially in random access memory(RAM) devices, and transistors. Compared with traditional flash memories, FRAMs have advantages such as low operation voltage, a huge number of writes, non-volatile properties, and high write speed. However, in the early stage, the main materials used to produce FRAMs are perovskites with crystal structures. Those materials like PbTiO3/PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3 are restricted by the size and the complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, which is the common technology used to process semiconductor materials. Hafnium oxide material is a newly discovered material with ferroelectricity when doped with Zirconium(Zr). The Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 thin film is an ideal material for FRAMs, which has a smaller size than perovskites FRAMs and is compatible with current CMOS technology, which means lower cost and higher performance. This article aims to explain some properties of hafnium oxide materials based on different aspects, like dopants, thickness, annealing, and electrodes, and elaborate on the advantages of FRAMs made by hafnium oxide materials.
Classification and application of composite conductive polymer materials
Authors: Xiang Ruiyi
Published: July 2023

In recent years, conductive polymer materials have become a hot topic in scientific research due to their wide applications. Conductive polymer materials are mainly divided into composite type and structural type. Due to the poor oxygen stability and mechanical properties in the air of the doped materials of the structural conductive polymer, its application is limited. However, the composite conductive polymer has become the most widely used conductive polymer material in the market because of its easy processing, wide application range, good corrosion resistance and the conductivity can change according to the electrochemical reversible reaction. In this paper, the composite conductive polymer materials with different doping types are reviewed, and their applications in the fields of stealth technology, battery materials, and sensors are studied. The research significance of this paper is to summarize the research progress of composite conductive polymer materials by scientists in various countries in recent years, and provide scientific and theoretical support for other researchers in this field.
Empirical analysis of air quality in Shanghai based on multiple linear regression model
Authors: Cao Botao
Published: July 2023

In recent years, with the rapid development of social and economic development, scientific and technological progress, human production and living standards have achieved tremendous improvement, at the same time, a large number of exhaust gases and soot emissions have become important sources of pollution, industrial energy consumption and urban construction, etc. make China's air environment pollution problem increasingly serious. The air quality in China gradually presents regional pollution, especially in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions. This paper takes Shanghai as the research object and empirically analyzes the main influencing factors of its air quality, which can provide reference not only for managing the air quality of this city, but also for the air quality management of similar cities. This paper empirically investigates the influencing factors of air quality in Shanghai based on the Shanghai air quality monitoring data, including AQI (Air Quality Index) and PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO, SO2 and O3 pollutant concentrations, released by the Shanghai Bureau of Ecology and Environment from January 2015 to October 2021. This paper uses the knowledge of econometrics to establish a multiple linear regression model with the help of RStudio, which is continuously estimated, tested and improved on the basis of the primary model to analyze the degree of influence of pollutants on AQI, and also to analyze the main pollutants affecting air quality by testing. The statistical results show that the primary air pollutants in Shanghai are O3 and NO2. Based on the analysis results, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions about improving the air quality and protecting the ecological environment in Shanghai.
The current state of solar energy and prospects of offshore solar energy in Singapore
Authors: Sun Bin
Published: July 2023

Situated in an area near the equator, Singapore has a promising potential to develop solar energy. And apart from solar energy, other types of renewable resources are relatively scarce in Singapore. As a result of the continuous supply of sunlight, as well as the silent operation, low maintenance costs, and environmental friendliness, solar was the best choice for developing renewable energy resources in Singapore. However, on account of the dense population and limited land resources, photovoltaic development is also facing some problems. And the use of the surrounding sea area to develop offshore photovoltaic is a very good option. This paper mainly discusses the current state of solar energy in Singapore and puts forward some future prospects for the development of offshore PV in Singapore. In general, the photovoltaic industry in Singapore has developed rapidly in recent years, but it can still only meet a small part of the demand for electricity. In the future, it should continue to vigorously promote its development, especially in the offshore photovoltaic sector, which deserves more attention.
Advanced coordination polymer materials for drug delivery systems
Authors: Huo Jiaxiong
Published: July 2023

Coordination polymers demonstrated outstanding performance and ability in drug delivery resulting from their porosity and combinatory structure of non-metal and metal. Previous research has made considerable efforts on different aspects of coordination polymers, including synthesises, modifications and pre-clinical studies. Furthermore, among those coordination polymers, metal organic frameworks turn out to be the one that performs best. Therefore, recent researches are more and more inclined to using MOFs as drug delivery systems. This literature review will talk about the current synthesis methodologies of coordination polymers (especially MOFs) and the drug delivery using coordination polymers bulk system, nano-scale coordination polymers system and nano-scale coordination colloids system. Specifically, the mechanisms and the properties of the synthesizing methods and drug delivery systems. This review will conclude the current development of coordination polymers used as drug delivery systems and the newest synthesized approaches. At the same time, the review will also make an outlook towards the future development of the coordination polymers drug delivery systems.
Research development on the toughness and performance of epoxy resin-based composites in low-temperature environments
Authors: Zhang Ruixuan
Published: July 2023

Epoxy resin-based composites play an important role in daily life due to their various excellent properties, and their scale application is greatly limited due to their embrittlement phenomenon in low-temperature environment. This paper reviews the progress of domestic and international research on the performance of epoxy resin in a low-temperature environment and its toughening mechanism, involving toughening materials including rubber elastomers, thermoplastics, nanomaterials, flexible chain segments and hyperbranched polymers. This study mainly summarizes several methods for toughening epoxy resins in a low-temperature environment, so as to provide theoretical guidance for future researches. Toughening modification of epoxy resin broadens its industrial application scope. In the future, researchers can promote the research of epoxy resin toughening design on the basis of modification methods, filling methods, toughening mechanisms, and operational implementability.
Research progress on synthesis and applications of hyperbranched polymers
Authors: Sun Yuming
Published: July 2023

Hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) are a kind of highly branched three-dimensional macromolecule. Over the past decade, they have received much attention from interdisciplinary research. They have many branched points and their molecular chain is not easy to tangle. Additionally, as the molecular weight of the substance increases, its viscosity does not vary. Rich end functional groups are simple to alter and conducive to the synthesis of a variety of functional materials. Their simple synthesis and special properties have attracted a lot of attention from researchers in polymer science. Therefore, this review intends to introduce some methods to synthesize HBPs, including living polymerization, polycondensation, ring-opening polymerization and some other methods. Then, the properties of from the aspects of thermal, mechanical, rheological and solution properties are introduced. At last, the applications in materials and medicine of HBPs are reviewed in this paper followed by a discussion of the development prospects and potential challenges. HBPs have drawn great attention from researchers due to their special properties and unique application prospects. As the research on 3-dimensional HBPs is becoming more and more mature, 2-dimensional HBPs which are less focused on may be one of the focuses of future research.
Causes and prevention and control measures for geological disasters: case studies from landslides and debris flows
Authors: Duan Peize
Published: July 2023

Geological disasters are highly hazardous, and the corresponding means of measures should be selected for different monitoring and prevention, depending on the diversity of the size, type and level of the geological hazard. This paper focuses on two geological disasters, landslides and debris flows, which are different in nature but related to geological and other conditions highly prevalent in China's mountainous areas. The main causal mechanisms of landslide hazards include geological, climatic, and triggering conditions. Monitoring methods are mainly through instrumentation, which allows for more accurate monitoring of deformation and changes in water volume. The main mechanisms for debris flow hazards include geological, material, and water conditions. Monitoring debris flows includes mud level monitoring, rainfall monitoring and other monitoring such as infrasound monitoring. In disaster management, consideration should be given to the prevention and control of the natural environment as well as to the regulation and restriction of human production and living activities, with particular attention to the early prevention and control of special disaster-prone areas.
Triangulated cylindrical origami: Design and experimental investigation
Authors: Xue Zhenhao
Published: July 2023

Origami-based mechanical metamaterials have emerged in multiple technologies, such as vehicle and wearable equipment industries, thanks to their appealing mechanical performances. The excellent energy absorption capability, multi-stability, tunable stiffness, and stretchability of origami metamaterials enable them to adapt easily to different working requirements. Among all the origami metamaterial structures, triangulated cylinder origami (TCO) has been one of the most useful ones. In this research paper, a parametric study based on experiments and data analysis is performed to explore the effect of design parameters on the strain and strength of the TCOs. It was revealed that while the relative orientation of units in each column has no significant impact on the mechanical properties of the TCOs, the number of units in each column, n, plays an important role. It was discovered that a hexagon TCO with n of 6 offers higher strain and strength compared to an octagon TCO with n of 8. This study aims to pave the road for later optimization of TCOs for building materials and foldable structures applications.
Development status of optical-electrical-magnetic high-flux coupling materials
Authors: Wang Yusen
Published: July 2023

In recent years, the development of multifunctional materials with multiphysics coupling effect has attracted great research interest. The coupling effect between magnetoelectric, electro-optical and magneto-optical has always been a hot spot in physics of condensed matter and the study of materials, and has numerous uses for magnetoelectric sensors and display devices. However, with the development of science and technology, the requirements for the performance of photoelectromagnetic materials are becoming higher and higher, people are no longer only satisfied with the effects of photoelectric, magnetoelectric and magneto-optical coupling, the development trend of device miniaturization, multi-function and high performance has encouraged more and more researchers to participate in the research of photoelectromagnetic coupling. Therefore, in recent years, excellent research results of photoelectromagnetic materials have emerged one after another, and the application research of Xiangxing is also in full swing. In this paper, various materials related to the photo-electrical-magnetic coupling effect in recent years are summarized, the challenge is analyzed, and the future development direction is prospected.
An update on phytochemistry and pharmacology of Croton malambo H. Karst
Authors:   Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Suárez Alírica I.
Published: July 2023

The genus Croton is one of the most characteristic groups of plants belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family. Under this genus is Croton malambo H. Karst, a tree found in the Guajira peninsula, shared by Colombia and Venezuela. The inhabitants of this region have used this plant as a treatment for rheumatism, body pain, wounds, bumps, local inflammation, dermal infection, toothache, umbilical infections, headaches, and bronchitis. This short review provides traditional knowledge, phytochemistry, and pharmacological studies of C. malambo. The literature reviewed for this article was obtained from the Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar research published before March 2023, and own results. Phytochemical investigations reveal that the plant is a rich source of triterpenes, phenyl compounds, lignans, entkauranes, alkaloids, monoterpenes, and volatiles. The results of pharmacological tests on this plant indicate antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and anticancer effects. This paper resume information on the phytochemical constituents and the pharmacological studies on extracts, compounds, and volatiles on Croton malambo. The purpose of this review is to stimulate future research that insides the potential of this species to obtain new medicinal agents in important diseases like diabetes and cancer.
Desarrollo de una línea de productos de cuidado facial dirigida a las estudiantes de la Facultad de Farmacia, UCV
Authors:   Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Camacho Ana
Published: July 2023

En las últimas décadas, la percepción del cuidado de la piel ha sido ampliada, por esta razón el mantenimiento de la integridad, uniformidad, tono, pigmentación, y en general el aspecto de la piel es de gran importancia en la calidad de vida de las personas. En este estudio se seleccionó como población a las estudiantes de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), las cuales se caracterizan por no disponer suficiente tiempo para una rutina de cuidado de su piel y por tener factores estresantes relacionados a la exigencia académica de la carrera, lo que influye en su dedicación a mantener una rutina de cuidado facial. En consecuencia, se pretende formular y desarrollar una línea de productos destinada al cuidado facial acorde a las características y necesidades de la piel de la población estudiada, a través del análisis de los datos obtenidos mediante el enfoque cuantitativo y de tipo experimental, para así satisfacer las necesidades en común de las estudiantes y de este modo ayudar a mantener la piel de esta área en condiciones óptimas.
Modelo in vivo de lesiones inducidas por la radiación no ionizante de microondas sobre larvas de mosquito Aedes aegypti
Authors: Álvarez Ochoa Marco A.
Published: July 2023

Se evaluaron las lesiones de naturaleza térmica y no térmica inducidas por la radiación de microondas no ionizantes en el modelo experimental no convencional denominado Aa-global-Tox. Distintas poblaciones larvarias fueron sometidas a una fuente de radiación microondas de 2450 MHz, con una densidad de potencia promedio de 5 mV/cm2, durante 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 y 15 segundos de exposición. Se midió la temperatura y se usó el Azul de Toluidina 0,5% para evaluar las lesiones generalizadas. La validación de los daños se realizó comparando con el agente tóxico KCl. El tiempo-temperatura letal medio, TTL50, fue de 6,3 segundos. Bajo la condición letal y supraletal, se obtuvo un alto porcentaje de mortalidad larvaria acompañada por severas lesiones de quemadura. Bajo la condición subletal se obtuvo la reducción del 51,68% de la actividad motora, acompañada por un índice de variabilidad de 62,21±1,8 rad/s y se obtuvo una reducción del 52,25% de la actividad cardiaca contráctil, acompañada por un índice de variabilidad de 62,40±4,7. Los respectivos índices para el KCl fueron de 62,18±3,7% y de 55,23±1,78%, respectivamente, a una CL50 de 48,62 mM. El modelo no convencional de larvas del mosquito Aedes aegypti resultó ser un modelo para evaluar las lesiones de naturaleza térmica y no térmica inducidas por la radiación de microondas, conociendo la frecuencia de la fuente de emisión, la densidad promedio de la potencia incidente y estableciendo la temporalidad de los efectos a través de la relación tiempo-temperatura-lesión inducida. Dichas lesiones pudieron ser consecuencia de un fenómeno diferencial de “calentamiento dieléctrico”
Desarrollo de geles masticables de ibuprofeno para pacientes pediátricos
Authors:   Universidad Central de Venezuela, Facultad de Farmacia “Dr. Jesús María Bianco”, Mención Tecnología Industrial., Aristimuño Reinaldo J
Published: July 2023

El desarrollo de geles masticables de ibuprofeno dirigidos a pacientes pediátricos en edad escolar supone retos tanto de investigación documental, como tecnológicos al momento de su manufactura. Se realizaron los estudios de preformulación y pruebas previas al principio activo, el ibuprofeno, y a los diferentes excipientes para lograr características que no comprometan la eficacia y seguridad del medicamento, ni la aceptabilidad por parte del paciente. La principal limitante de esta formulación es el sabor amargo del ibuprofeno. Para disminuirlo se recurrió al uso de las tecnologías que implican el enmascaramiento del sabor, tales como la incorporación de Ibuprofeno suspendido en la formulación, ya que el ibuprofeno suspendido retrasa la aparición del sabor amargo en comparación con el parcialmente disuelto. En segundo lugar, la supresión cognitiva central mediante la adición de sacarina como edulcorante que compite con las moléculas de ibuprofeno por las proteínas de las células receptoras; y finalmente la supresión periférica mediante la adición de gluconato de calcio y acetato de sodio. Los iones sodio y calcio modifican el receptor de sabor y disminuyen su afinidad por la molécula de ibuprofeno. Se aplicaron herramientas estadísticas, diseño factorial y diseño de experimentos con mezclas simplex centroide para delimitar el número de experimentos en base a las variables dependientes “sabor” y “consistencia” e independientes el porcentaje de acetato de sodio y grenetina, respectivamente. Se obtuvo una matriz de cinco experimentos y se seleccionó el número dos como la “mejor fórmula”. Se definió, en base a principios tecnológicos la técnica de manufactura ideal.
Análisis comparativo de diferentes formulaciones de Anfotericina B y su incidencia sobre la seguridad del paciente
Authors:   Facultad de Farmacia, UCV, Hernández Zambrano Gabriel E
Published: July 2023

La Anfotericina B desoxicolato es un agente antifúngico de amplio espectro, activo contra la mayoría de las especies de hongos clínicamente relevantes. Su mecanismo principal consiste en formar complejos con el ergosterol en las membranas celulares de los hongos. Este fármaco está vinculado con fuertes efectos adversos relacionados a la infusión e importante nefrotoxicidad, por lo que se desarrollaron diferentes formulaciones solubles en lípidos que han mejorado su perfil de seguridad, generando mayor confianza y adherencia a esta terapia; sin embargo, existen diferencias significativas dentro de las diferentes formulaciones solubles en lípidos. Tras varios estudios comparativos realizados entre las diferentes formas de Anfotericina B, se ha determinado que las nuevas tecnologías que permiten encapsulación del principio activo a través de liposomas benefician al paciente en la seguridad y efectividad; mejora su absorción, penetración y difusión, al mismo tiempo que estabiliza el principio activo y ofrece una mayor protección contra la oxidación. Además, la presencia de lípidos le confieran mayor afinidad y especificidad en el organismo. Sin embargo, el simple hecho de desarrollar un liposoma no asegura que el mismo posea características ideales, por lo que es de gran importancia identificar y controlar los parámetros críticos del proceso de manufactura que permitan asegurar la reproducibilidad lote a lote y la obtención de un producto de calidad que brinde seguridad y eficacia desde el momento de su desarrollo hasta el instante de la administración directa al paciente.
Role of Vaccum Dressings In Open Wounds of Pilonidal Sinus
Authors: Faheem Komal , Zaheer Farhan , Faizan Muhammad , Jawaid Bushra , Shahab Hassan , Salman Sumbla , Bin Shoaib Umer , Siddiqui Sarush Ahmed , Hasan Mohammad
Published: July 2023

Pilonidal sinus is an acute suppurative condition occurring beneath the sacrococcygeal area presenting as an abscess acutely while as intermittent discharge in its chronic form. Objective: To determine the role of NPWT in the management of pilonidal sinus in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan over 6 months. Methods: 50 patients were divided into two groups; control and NPWT. It was an open-label randomized trial. The patients in the control group were being managed by wet dressing compared to the NPWT group where VAC therapy was used for wound healing. Both groups were followed for 14 days. Healing was measured by VAS score, wound size, and number of complications. Results: Wound size post-operatively was measured in both groups and was 36.33 squared centimeters in the control group with 30. 97 squared centimeters in the intervention group showed no statistical significance. On the 14th day of the trial, the wound size was compared again and in the control group, the size was found to be 24.4 cm2  and 14.9 cm2 in the intervention group. However, no statistical significance was shown. On the visual analog scale for pain after 14 days, both groups demonstrated a steep decline falling to nearly 1.5 from 9 on the first postoperative day however showing no significant difference across the two groups. Conclusions: There was no significant difference between the two methods and similar time was required in both groups before resuming daily life activities.
FIB 4 Score (Liver Fibrosis) and Attending Level of Vitamin D in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients
Authors: Sami Tariq , Kammeruddin Karim , Imran Muhammad , Ali Mahboob , Rahman Nadia , Waheed Syed Abdul , Ali Javed , Bibi Afsha , Latif Abdul , Mazher Saeed
Published: July 2023

Millions of people around the world are affected by chronic hepatitis C (HCV), which is a global health issue. It is a major contributor to chronic liver conditions such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver fibrosis. For optimal therapy and intervention, prompt identification of liver fibrosis is essential. The rate of hepatic fibrosis progression in HCV-infected patients varies substantially. Objective: To evaluate the vitamin D level and liver fibrosis degree by non-invasive Fib 4 score among chronic hepatitis patients. Methods: This Cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, from August 2020 to September 2022. 65 participants were recruited through a non-probability sampling technique. Results: Study findings show that 21.9% of the patients have low risk for advanced fibrosis, whereas 9.2% have an Intermediate risk for advanced fibrosis, and 69.2% have a high risk for advanced fibrosis. Moreover, findings also revealed that among 65 patients, 66.2% have a deficient amount of Vitamin D, whereas 16.9% have an insufficient amount of Vitamin D level and 16.9% have a sufficient amount of vitamin D. Furthermore, the findings also showed significant association based on p-value (0.001) between Age and Fib4 score of the participant. Conclusions: In conclusion, the study revealed that a significant proportion of chronic hepatitis C patients were at high risk for advanced fibrosis, while vitamin D deficiency/ insufficiency were prevalent among the majority of the patients.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Testing of the Urdu version of Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale
Authors: Naz Somiya , Farooq Muhammad Nazim , Iqbal Ahsnat , Naqvi Tahniat Zehra , Rasul Sahibzada M. Fazal ur
Published: July 2023

Neck pain is one of the common problems among people. Different measures have been developed to assess the rate of neck pain and disabilities. Patients with neck pain frequently use and easily understand the Copenhagen neck functional disability scale (CNFDS). Objective: To cross-culturally adapt and translate CNFDS into Urdu and examine the psychometric properties of Urdu version of CNFDS (CNFDS -U) in individuals with non-specific neck pain (NSNP). Methods: The CNFDS was translated into Urdu and cross-culturally adapted in compliance with the established standards. This study was carried out on 200 patients having neck pain and 50 healthy respondents. The CNFDS-U, Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ), and Neck Pain Disability Index Urdu version (NDI-U) were all completed by a combined 200 individuals with NSNP and 50 healthy subjects. The patients with NSNP completed the aforementioned questionnaires and Global Rating of Change Scale (GROC) following three weeks of physiotherapy. CNFDS-U was evaluated for psychometric testing. Results: The CNFDS-U shows excellent internal consistency (α = 0.84) and test-retest reliability (ICC2,1 =0.97). Regarding construct validity, moderate correlations exist between CNFDS-U and NBQ (r=0.51, p<0.001) and CNFDS-U and NDI-U (r=0.64, p<0.001). Its responsiveness was demonstrated by a statistically significant difference in CNFDS-U change scores between improved and stable groups (p< 0.001). Conclusions: The CNFDS-U is a valid, reliable, and responsive scale for evaluating NSNP in populations that can understand Urdu.
DEVELOPMENT OF PUCUNG VILLAGE MASTERPLAN GIRISUBO DISTRICT, GUNUNG KIDUL DISTRICT
Authors: Aristiono Nugroho
Published: July 2023

Pucung Village, Girisubo District, Gunung Kidul Regency needs a master plan, which is a guideline for implementing the development of Pucung Village which is equipped with infrastructure, so that it contributes to achieving the long-term vision. This study uses qualitative research methods, with a rationalistic approach. The number of informants was 15 people, who were selected purposively. The data consists of: (1) Primary data, obtained from interviews with informants; (2) Secondary data, in the form of Pucung Village population data. Meanwhile, data analysis was carried out by utilizing qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that: First, the potential of Pucung Village consists of physical and non-physical potential, both of which can be utilized and developed for the realization of community welfare; Second, the process of making the Pucung Village Masterplan includes facilitation of maps and data from lecturers from the National Land College. Then providing input by the Head of the Padukuhan and local community leaders regarding their respective Padukuhan development plans; Furthermore, data collection and input, as well as analysis and drafting of the Pucung Village Master Plan by the Head of Pucung Village and the Secretary of Pucung Village, supervised by a lecturer at the National Land College; Third, the development conception in the Pucung Village Master Plan includes: a socio-ecological approach, a participatory approach, and an input-output approach; Fourth, development zoning in the Pucung Village Master Plan includes: the development of the North, Central and South areas. Fifth, the divisions in the Pucung Village Master Plan cover the fields of: agriculture, animal husbandry, tourism, and the economy.
THE DYNAMIC OF OUTSOURCING REGULATION WITHIN THE NATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK (THE NEED FOR RECONCEPTUALIZATION OF PROTECTION FOR TEMPORARY WORKERS)
Authors: Didik Artino Jamaludin  , Abdul Rachmad Budiono  , Budi Santoso
Published: July 2023

The dynamics of outsourcing regulation bring varied impacts, especially regarding the legal protection for outsourced workers, which has been gradually regulated through Law Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation. However, the legal protection system for outsourced workers still presents unresolved issues, particularly the imperfect concept of TUPE (Transfer of Undertakings Protection of Employment), which is a consequence of the legal transplant concept. This study is a normative juridical research with a legislative approach. The results of this study indicate that there are several factors contributing to the incomplete implementation of the TUPE concept, namely the effects of a flexible labor market and the inconsistency of the state's role in providing legal protection. These issues become evident in the imperfect regulation of the TUPE concept.
THE INDIA–WORLD BANK: HISTORICAL RELATIONSHIP
Authors: R. Venkatesh
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Cooperation between the World Bank and India goes back to the foundation of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) in 1944. As one of 44 countries, India prepared the agenda for the Bretton Woods Conference in June 1944. The Indian delegation led by Sir Jeremy Raisman, Finance Member of the Government of India, proposed the name "International Bank for Reconstruction and Development India managed to lift 133 million people out of poverty between 1994 and 2012. However, India with a population of 1.3 billion shows 5% of its population living in extreme poverty. In June 2018, India ran a current account deficit of USD 15.8 billion, marking the highest deficit in the last five years. India exported USD 261 billion in 2016, making it the 17th largest exporter in the world. However, India's export structure is still not really diversified and focuses primarily on commodities and primary products. Diamonds and jewelry and packaged pharmaceuticals account for about 20% of the export sector
PUNCAK AGUNG TIGER TEMPLE IN BAYU VILLAGE SONGGON DISTRICT (HISTORY, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE TEMPLE)
Authors: Ainun Najib Buchori  , I kadek Yudiana  , Mahfud  , Sahru Romadhoni
Published: July 2023

This research was conducted in Bayu Village, Songgon District. This study aims to determine: (1) The history of the Puncak Agung Macan Putih temple temple; (2) Structure of the Candi Puncak Agung Macan Putih Temple; (3) Functions of the Temple of Puncak Agung Macan Putih Temple. The steps used are: (1) Heuristic data collection (observation, interviews, study of documents); (2) Criticism of sources; (3) Interpretation; (4) Historiography (writing history). The subjects of this study were local leaders and elders who embrace Hinduism in Bayu Village, Songgon District. The result of this research is that the Candi Puncak Agung Macan Putih Temple was built in 2005-2007, which was proposed by Ida Bagus Alit. He is originally from Bali who seeks peace in the Rawa Bayu area. When doing meditation, he got an inspiration so that in that area there should be a temple. after that he asked permission from the caretaker of Rawa Bayu to build a temple here. After the elders and caretakers of Rawa Bayu agreed to Ida Bagus Alit's suggestion, he immediately returned to Bali to take the padmasana to be placed in Rawa Bayu. The structure of the Puncak Agung Macan Putih Temple uses the Eka Mandala concept, which means the unity of the upper and lower realms. The only building in the Puncak Agung Macan Putih Temple Temple is Padmasana. This is because the Puncak Agung Macan Putih Temple Temple is located on a mountainside and is quite far from residential areas so that it was built as simply as possible. The functions of the Puncak Agung Macan Putih Temple Temple include: (1) Religious functions: as a place to pray to Ida Sang Hyang Widhi and perform other religious rituals; (2) Educational function: as a place to study history for students because in Rawa Bayu there is a place and relics of Prabu Tawang Alun who was the King of Blambangan, and was the place where the Puputan Bayu war took place; (3) Social function: as a place to commemorate HARJABA because the Puncak Agung Macan Putih Temple temple is still in the same location as the Rawa Bayu tourist destination.