bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is there a time lag between the metamorphism and emplacement of plutons in the Axial Zone of the Pyrenees?
Authors: ESTEBAN J. J. , ARANGUREN A. , CUEVAS J. , HILARIO A. , TUBÍA J. M. , LARIONOV A. , SERGEEV S.
Published: April 2015

Detailed petrographic and geochemical studies conducted on zircons from the Lys-Caillaouas pluton reveal their igneous and metamorphic affinities. The igneous zircons constrain the emplacement of the pluton to 300±2 Ma. By contrast, the metamorphic zircons yield an older age of 307±3 Ma, which probably dates the thermal peak of the HT/LP Variscan metamorphism. Therefore, a short time lag of c. 7 Ma emerges between the metamorphic climax and emplacement of the pluton in the Axial Zone (Pyrenees).
Linear collisionless Landau damping in Hilbert space
Authors: Zocco Alessandro
Published: April 2015

The equivalence between the Laplace transform (Landau,J. Phys. USSR10(1946), 25) and Hermite transform (Zocco and Schekochihin,Phys. Plasmas18, 102309 (2011)) solutions of the linear collisionless Landau damping problem is proven.
Toroidal equilibrium states with reversed magnetic shear and parallel flow in connection with the formation of Internal Transport Barriers
Authors: Kuiroukidis Ap. , Throumoulopoulos G. N.
Published: April 2015

We construct nonlinear toroidal equilibria of fixed diverted boundary shaping with reversed magnetic shear and flows parallel to the magnetic field. The equilibria have hole-like current density and the reversed magnetic shear increases as the equilibrium nonlinearity becomes stronger. Also, application of a sufficient condition for linear stability implies that the stability is improved as the equilibrium nonlinearity correlated to the reversed magnetic shear gets stronger with a weaker stabilizing contribution from the flow. These results indicate synergetic stabilizing effects of reversed magnetic shear, equilibrium nonlinearity and flow in the establishment of Internal Transport Barriers (ITBs).
New Welfare, New Policies: Towards Preventive Worker-Directed Active Labour-Market Policies
Authors: van Berkel Rik , van der Aa Paul
Published: April 2015

Debates about the new welfare, and the new social policies that go (or should go) with it, share an emphasis on risk-prevention strategies and pluralistic risk management. Focusing specifically on the risk of unemployment, this article discusses the case for so-called preventive worker-directed active labour market policies as part of the new welfare architecture. These policies are aimed at preventing unemployment and promoting labour-market transitions and employability. They involve responsibilities on the part of the state, social partners and employers. First, the case for these policies is elaborated by analysing the social investment, flexicurity and transitional labour-market literature. In this context, several issues related to the feasibility of the pluralistic management of preventing unemployment, as well as the possible impact of pluralistic risk management on dualisation, are discussed. Secondly, recent policy initiatives in the Netherlands are presented as an illustration of the incremental emergence of preventive worker-directed active labour-market policies. It is argued that although these policy initiatives were initially introduced as responses to the crisis, they may eventually turn out to reflect a more fundamental reorientation in managing and dealing with the risks of unemployment. The conclusion critically reflects and argues that pluralistic risk management may exacerbate, rather than mitigate, the insecurities of flexible and non-standard workers.
Citizen Carer: Carer's Allowance and Conceptualisations of UK Citizenship
Authors: SINGLETON BENEDICT E. , FRY GARY
Published: April 2015

Carers make a considerable contribution to the health and social care of sick or disabled people, reducing the strain on health and social care systems. This has been recognised through support mechanisms, including (in the UK) a payment for caring (Carer's Allowance – CA). This article draws upon data from a study of carers receiving CA. Utilising a citizenship perspective, it examines respondents’ perspectives on their role in the UK and shows how CA provides not only financial support but also contributes to normative conceptualisations of citizenship. The data highlight the primacy of paid work in UK citizenship, as well as the stigma associated with receiving welfare benefits. The article concludes by claiming that changes to the UK benefit system need to take into account a ‘recognition’ aspect, reformulating what is considered a worthwhile contribution to society.
Reading skill and exposure to orthography influence speech production
Authors: SALETTA MEREDITH , GOFFMAN LISA , BRENTARI DIANE
Published: April 2015

Orthographic experience during the acquisition of novel words may influence production processing in proficient readers. Previous work indicates interactivity among lexical, phonological, and articulatory processing; we hypothesized that experience with orthography can also influence phonological processing. Phonetic accuracy and articulatory stability were measured as adult, proficient readers repeated and read aloud nonwords, presented in auditory or written modalities and with variations in orthographic neighborhood density. Accuracy increased when participants had read the nonwords earlier in the session, but not when they had only heard them. Articulatory stability increased with practice, regardless of whether nonwords were read or heard. Word attack skills, but not reading comprehension, predicted articulatory stability. Findings indicate that kinematic and phonetic accuracy analyses provide insight into how orthography influences implicit language processing.
ESTIMATION OF STOCHASTIC VOLATILITY MODELS BY NONPARAMETRIC FILTERING
Authors: Kanaya Shin , Kristensen Dennis
Published: April 2015

A two-step estimation method of stochastic volatility models is proposed: In the first step, we nonparametrically estimate the (unobserved) instantaneous volatility process. In the second step, standard estimation methods for fully observed diffusion processes are employed, but with the filtered/estimated volatility process replacing the latent process. Our estimation strategy is applicable to both parametric and nonparametric stochastic volatility models, and can handle both jumps and market microstructure noise. The resulting estimators of the stochastic volatility model will carry additional biases and variances due to the first-step estimation, but under regularity conditions we show that these vanish asymptotically and our estimators inherit the asymptotic properties of the infeasible estimators based on observations of the volatility process. A simulation study examines the finite-sample properties of the proposed estimators.
A Discrete Fourier Transformation-based Method for Phase Delay Estimation in X-ray Pulsar Navigation
Authors: Lin Haoye , Xu Bo
Published: April 2015

X-ray pulsar navigation is a promising technology for autonomous spacecraft navigation. The key measurement of pulsar navigation is the time delay (phase delay). There are various methods to estimate phase delay, but most of them have high computational complexities. In this paper, a new method for phase delay estimation is proposed, which is based on the time-shift property of Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT). With this method, the time complexity can be greatly reduced. Also, a delta-function approximation can be used to further decrease the computational cost. Numerical simulation shows that the proposed method is effective for phase delay estimation, and the reduced complexity makes our method more suitable for on board implementation.
2013 multistate outbreaks ofCyclospora cayetanensisinfections associated with fresh produce: focus on the Texas investigations
Authors: ABANYIE F. , HARVEY R. R. , HARRIS J. R. , WIEGAND R. E. , GAUL L. , DESVIGNES-KENDRICK M. , IRVIN K. , WILLIAMS I. , HALL R. L. , HERWALDT B. , GRAY E. B. , QVARNSTROM Y. , WISE M. E. , CANTU V. , CANTEY P. T. , BOSCH S. , DA SILVA A. J. , FIELDS A. , BISHOP H. , WELLMAN A. , BEAL J. , WILSON N. , FIORE A. E. , TAUXE R. , LANCE S. , SLUTSKER L. , PARISE M. ,   the Multistate Cyclosporiasis Outbreak Investigation Team
Published: April 2015

The 2013 multistate outbreaks contributed to the largest annual number of reported US cases of cyclosporiasis since 1997. In this paper we focus on investigations in Texas. We defined an outbreak-associated case as laboratory-confirmed cyclosporiasis in a person with illness onset between 1 June and 31 August 2013, with no history of international travel in the previous 14 days. Epidemiological, environmental, and traceback investigations were conducted. Of the 631 cases reported in the multistate outbreaks, Texas reported the greatest number of cases, 270 (43%). More than 70 clusters were identified in Texas, four of which were further investigated. One restaurant-associated cluster of 25 case-patients was selected for a case-control study. Consumption of cilantro was most strongly associated with illness on meal date-matched analysis (matched odds ratio 19·8, 95% confidence interval 4·0–∞). All case-patients in the other three clusters investigated also ate cilantro. Traceback investigations converged on three suppliers in Puebla, Mexico. Cilantro was the vehicle of infection in the four clusters investigated; the temporal association of these clusters with the large overall increase in cyclosporiasis cases in Texas suggests cilantro was the vehicle of infection for many other cases. However, the paucity of epidemiological and traceback information does not allow for a conclusive determination; moreover, molecular epidemiological tools for cyclosporiasis that could provide more definitive linkage between case clusters are needed.
Urban park-related risks forGiardiaspp. infection in dogs
Authors: SMITH A. F. , ROCK M. , NEUMANN N. , MASSOLO A.
Published: April 2015

Giardiaspp. is a common gastrointestinal (GI) parasite of multiple host species, including dogs and humans, with the potential for zoonotic transmission. The risk of GI parasitism in dogs (includingGiardiaspp.) may increase with park use in urban areas. This study aimed to (1) determine whether park attendance is a risk factor forGiardiaspp. infection in dogs and (2) characterize the behavioural and demographic risk factors forGiardiaspp. infection in park-attending and non-park-attending dogs. From August to September 2012, a total of 1293 dog owners completed a survey and 860 corresponding dog faecal samples were collected. Dog faeces were screened forGiardiaspp. using a direct immunofluorescence assay and associations assessed among behaviours, demographics, andGiardiaspp. infection. Main results included off-leash and swimming frequencies within parks as significantly positively associated withGiardiaspp. infection in dogs. Dog-owner age was negatively associated with off-leash and swimming frequencies in parks. The results suggest some recreational behaviours in parks and certain demographics are risk factors for parasitism in pet dogs.
Adult encephalitis surveillance: experiences from an Australian prospective sentinel site study
Authors: EASTWOOD K. , PATERSON B. J. , LEVI C. , GIVNEY R. , LOEWENTHAL M. , DE MALMANCHE T. , LAI K. , GRANEROD J. , DURRHEIM D. N.
Published: April 2015

Few countries routinely collect comprehensive encephalitis data, yet understanding the epidemiology of this condition has value for clinical management, detecting novel and emerging pathogens, and guiding timely public health interventions. When this study was conducted there was no standardized diagnostic algorithm to aid identification of encephalitis or systematic surveillance for adult encephalitis. In July 2012 we tested three pragmatic surveillance options aimed at identifying possible adult encephalitis cases admitted to a major Australian hospital: hospital admissions searches, clinician notifications and laboratory test alerts (CSF herpes simplex virus requests). Eligible cases underwent structured laboratory investigation and a specialist panel arbitrated on the final diagnosis. One hundred and thirteen patients were initially recruited into the 10-month study; 20/113 (18%) met the study case definition, seven were diagnosed with infectious or immune-mediated encephalitis and the remainder were assigned alternative diagnoses. The laboratory alert identified 90% (102/113) of recruited cases including six of the seven cases of confirmed encephalitis suggesting that this may be a practical data source for case ascertainment. The application of a standardized diagnostic algorithm and specialist review by an expert clinical panel aided diagnosis of patients with encephalitis.
The Fascist Party and the Problem of Popular Opinion in the Provinces
Authors: RIALL LUCY
Published: April 2015

As a non-specialist in the historiography of Fascism and Nazism, I enter this discussion with trepidation. Viewed from the outside, antagonism and rigidity have long characterised historical debate about the causes, nature and consequences of both regimes, although it is clear (and as the other contributions published here have pointed out) that some of this fierceness has attenuated of late with the rise of a new generation of historians. I don't propose to go over the various points of disagreement about fascist Italy – the problem of popular ‘consensus’ for the regime, the reasons for collective ‘amnesia’ after the fall of the regime, and the myth of ‘Italians as good people’ (Italiani brava gente) – as these have already been discussed by Bernhard in his review and in the contributions by Giulia Albanese and Roberta Pergher. Nor will I enter into related debates about the Italian Resistance, the issue of Italian war crimes and the broader controversy about ‘divided memory’ in post-war Italy, although these questions have also generated a significant literature in recent years. Instead I want simply to re-visit Paul Corner's The Fascist Party and Popular Opinion in Mussolini's Italy and to propose a rather different interpretation than the one offered by Patrick Bernhard.
When will Low-Contrast Features be Visible in a STEM X-Ray Spectrum Image?
Authors: Parish Chad M.
Published: April 2015

When will a small or low-contrast feature, such as an embedded second-phase particle, be visible in a scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) X-ray map? This work illustrates a computationally inexpensive method to simulate X-ray maps and spectrum images (SIs), based upon the equations of X-ray generation and detection. To particularize the general procedure, an example of nanostructured ferritic alloy (NFA) containing nm-sized Y2Ti2O7 embedded precipitates in ferritic stainless steel matrix is chosen. The proposed model produces physically appearing simulated SI data sets, which can either be reduced to X-ray dot maps or analyzed via multivariate statistical analysis. Comparison to NFA X-ray maps acquired using three different STEM instruments match the generated simulations quite well, despite the large number of simplifying assumptions used. A figure of merit of electron dose multiplied by X-ray collection solid angle is proposed to compare feature detectability from one data set (simulated or experimental) to another. The proposed method can scope experiments that are feasible under specific analysis conditions on a given microscope. Future applications, such as spallation proton–neutron irradiations, core-shell nanoparticles, or dopants in polycrystalline photovoltaic solar cells, are proposed.
Tri-band dual circularly polarized planar antenna with defective ground structure for wireless applications
Authors: Rama Sanjeeva Reddy B. , Vakula D.
Published: April 2015

A novel tri-band asymmetric slot with defective ground structure (DGS) microstrip antenna for dual circular polarization (CP) is proposed. By placing a slot with 45° across diagonally at the center of the patch, excites resonant bands with narrow bandwidth and dual CP operation. The main design challenge is to introduce optimized defected element of circular dumbbell shape to enhance the impedance bandwidth with frequency shift operation at all bands. DGS enabled antenna is practically fabricated and simulated. Antenna is compact in size and shows a good quality of CP at two resonant bands and linearly polarized at one band. Structure displays the impedance bandwidth of 8% (2.26–2.45 GHz), 5.45% (3.41–3.6 GHz) and 3.07% (5.12–5.28 GHz). The design also shows 40 and 11 MHz, 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth at lower and middle bands, respectively. Simulated gain for each band is 4.72, 6.2 and 4 dB. Performance of antenna with and without DGS is also studied and compared. This single probe feed proposed antenna remains consistent with good radiation patterns and sufficient antenna gain over the operating bands. Excellent agreement was obtained between measurements and simulations.
EphB4 forward signalling regulates lymphatic valve development
Authors: Zhang Gu , Brady John , Liang Wei-Ching , Wu Yan , Henkemeyer Mark , Yan Minhong
Published: April 2015

Bidirectional signalling is regarded as a notable hallmark of the Eph-ephrin signalling system: Eph-dependent forward signalling in Eph-expressing cells and ephrin-dependent reverse signalling in Ephrin-expressing cells. The notion of ephrin-dependent reverse signalling derives from genetic experiments utilizing mice carrying mutations in the intracellular region of ephrinBs. Here we show that EphB4-dependent forward signalling regulates lymphatic valve development, a process previously thought to be regulated by ephrinB2-dependent reverse signalling. We develop antibodies that selectively target EphB4 and ephrinB2. We find that mice bearing genetically altered cytoplasmic region of ephrinB2 have significantly altered EphB4-dependent forward signalling. Selective inhibition of EphB4 using a functional blocking antibody results in defective lymphatic valve development. Furthermore, a chemical genetic approach is used to unequivocally show that the kinase activity of EphB4 is essential for lymphatic valve development.
Ultra-sensitive all-fibre photothermal spectroscopy with large dynamic range
Authors: Jin Wei , Cao Yingchun , Yang Fan , Ho Hoi Lut
Published: April 2015

Photothermal interferometry is an ultra-sensitive spectroscopic means for trace chemical detection in gas- and liquid-phase materials. Previous photothermal interferometry systems used free-space optics and have limitations in efficiency of light–matter interaction, size and optical alignment, and integration into photonic circuits. Here we exploit photothermal-induced phase change in a gas-filled hollow-core photonic bandgap fibre, and demonstrate an all-fibre acetylene gas sensor with a noise equivalent concentration of 2 p.p.b. (2.3 × 10−9 cm−1 in absorption coefficient) and an unprecedented dynamic range of nearly six orders of magnitude. The realization of photothermal interferometry with low-cost near infrared semiconductor lasers and fibre-based technology allows a class of optical sensors with compact size, ultra sensitivity and selectivity, applicability to harsh environment, and capability for remote and multiplexed multi-point detection and distributed sensing.
Regulation of systemic energy homeostasis by serotonin in adipose tissues
Authors: Oh Chang-Myung , Namkung Jun , Go Younghoon , Shong Ko Eun , Kim Kyuho , Kim Hyeongseok , Park Bo-Yoon , Lee Ho Won , Jeon Yong Hyun , Song Junghan , Shong Minho , Yadav Vijay K. , Karsenty Gerard , Kajimura Shingo , Lee In-Kyu , Park Sangkyu , Kim Hail
Published: April 2015

Central serotonin (5-HT) is an anorexigenic neurotransmitter in the brain. However, accumulating evidence suggests peripheral 5-HT may affect organismal energy homeostasis. Here we show 5-HT regulates white and brown adipose tissue function. Pharmacological inhibition of 5-HT synthesis leads to inhibition of lipogenesis in epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT), induction of browning in inguinal WAT and activation of adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Mice with inducible Tph1 KO in adipose tissues exhibit a similar phenotype as mice in which 5-HT synthesis is inhibited pharmacologically, suggesting 5-HT has localized effects on adipose tissues. In addition, Htr3a KO mice exhibit increased energy expenditure and reduced weight gain when fed a high-fat diet. Treatment with an Htr2a antagonist reduces lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These data suggest important roles for adipocyte-derived 5-HT in controlling energy homeostasis.
Logging cuts the functional importance of invertebrates in tropical rainforest
Authors: Ewers Robert M. , Boyle Michael J. W. , Gleave Rosalind A. , Plowman Nichola S. , Benedick Suzan , Bernard Henry , Bishop Tom R. , Bakhtiar Effendi Y. , Chey Vun Khen , Chung Arthur Y. C. , Davies Richard G. , Edwards David P. , Eggleton Paul , Fayle Tom M. , Hardwick Stephen R. , Homathevi Rahman , Kitching Roger L. , Khoo Min Sheng , Luke Sarah H. , March Joshua J. , Nilus Reuben , Pfeifer Marion , Rao Sri V. , Sharp Adam C. , Snaddon Jake L. , Stork Nigel E. , Struebig Matthew J. , Wearn Oliver R. , Yusah Kalsum M. , Turner Edgar C.
Published: April 2015

Invertebrates are dominant species in primary tropical rainforests, where their abundance and diversity contributes to the functioning and resilience of these globally important ecosystems. However, more than one-third of tropical forests have been logged, with dramatic impacts on rainforest biodiversity that may disrupt key ecosystem processes. We find that the contribution of invertebrates to three ecosystem processes operating at three trophic levels (litter decomposition, seed predation and removal, and invertebrate predation) is reduced by up to one-half following logging. These changes are associated with decreased abundance of key functional groups of termites, ants, beetles and earthworms, and an increase in the abundance of small mammals, amphibians and insectivorous birds in logged relative to primary forest. Our results suggest that ecosystem processes themselves have considerable resilience to logging, but the consistent decline of invertebrate functional importance is indicative of a human-induced shift in how these ecological processes operate in tropical rainforests.
RUNX1/ETO blocks selectin-mediated adhesion via epigenetic silencing of PSGL-1
Authors: Ponnusamy K , Kohrs N , Ptasinska A , Assi S A , Herold T , Hiddemann W , Lausen J , Bonifer C , Henschler R , Wichmann C
Published: April 2015

RUNX1/ETO (RE), the t(8;21)-derived leukemic transcription factor associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) development, deregulates genes involved in differentiation, self-renewal and proliferation. In addition, these cells show differences in cellular adhesion behavior whose molecular basis is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that RE epigenetically silences the gene encoding P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 (PSGL-1) and downregulates PSGL-1 expression in human CD34+ and murine lin− hematopoietic progenitor cells. Levels of PSGL-1 inversely and dose-dependently correlate with RE oncogene levels. However, a DNA-binding defective mutant fails to downregulate PSGL-1. We show by ChIP experiments that the PSGL-1 promoter is a direct target of RE and binding is accompanied by high levels of the repressive chromatin mark histone H3K27me3. In t(8;21)+ Kasumi-1 cells, PSGL-1 expression is completely restored at both the mRNA and cell surface protein levels following RE downregulation with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or RE inhibition with tetramerization-blocking peptides, and at the promoter H3K27me3 is replaced by the activating chromatin mark H3K9ac as well as by RNA polymerase II. Upregulation of PSGL-1 restores the binding of cells to P- and E-selectin and re-establishes myeloid-specific cellular adhesion while it fails to bind to lymphocyte-specific L-selectin. Overall, our data suggest that the RE oncoprotein epigenetically represses PSGL-1 via binding to its promoter region and thus affects the adhesive behavior of t(8;21)+ AML cells.
A Dynamic View of ATP-coupled Functioning Cycle of Hsp90 N-terminal Domain
Authors: Zhang Huaqun , Zhou Chen , Chen Wuyan , Xu Yechun , Shi Yanhong , Wen Yi , Zhang Naixia
Published: April 2015

Heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is one of the most important chaperones involved in multiple cellular processes. The chaperoning function of Hsp90 is intimately coupled to the ATPase activity presented by its N-terminal domain. However, the molecular mechanism for the ATP-dependent working cycle of Hsp90 is still not fully understood. In this study, we use NMR techniques to investigate the structural characteristics and dynamic behaviors of Hsp90 N-terminal domain in its free and AMPPCP (ATP analogue) or ADP-bound states. We demonstrated that although AMPPCP and ADP bind to almost the same region of Hsp90, significantly different effects on the dynamics behaviors of the key structural elements were observed. AMPPCP binding favors the formation of the active homodimer of Hsp90 by enhancing the slow-motion featured conformational exchanges of those residues (A117–A141) within the lid segment (A111–G135) and around region, while ADP binding keeps Hsp90 staying at the inactive state by increasing the conformational rigidity of the lid segment and around region. Based on our findings, a dynamic working model for the ATP-dependent functioning cycle of Hsp90 was proposed.
Native fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of DMBA induced carcinogenesis in mice skin for the early detection of tissue transformation
Authors: Ebenezar Jeyasingh , Aruna Prakasa Rao , Ganesan Singaravelu
Published: April 2015

The objective of the study is to characterize the endogenous porphyrin fluorescence in a dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced mouse skin tumor model using native fluorescence emission and excitation spectroscopy.
Discovery and identification of a series of alkyl decalin isomers in petroleum geological samples
Authors: Wang Huitong , Zhang Shuichang , Weng Na , Zhang Bin , Zhu Guangyou , Liu Lingyan
Published: April 2015

A series of pairwise alkyl-decahydronaphthalene isomers were identified in petroleum geological samples by GC × GC/TOFMS.
Optical properties of a conjugated-polymer-sensitised solar cell: the effect of interfacial structure
Authors: Drumm Daniel W. , Bilic A. , Tachibana Y. , Miller A. , Russo S. P.
Published: April 2015

Organic dye chemically adsorbed onto {100} facet of TiO2: experimental absorption better matched by the non-standard facet.
The electronic states of a double carbon vacancy defect in pyrene: a model study for graphene
Authors: Machado Francisco B. C. , Aquino Adélia J. A. , Lischka Hans
Published: April 2015

The unpaired density changes from the polyradical to closed shell character upon geometry relaxation.
Low temperature (550–700 K) oxidation pathways of cyclic ketones: dominance of HO2-elimination channels yielding conjugated cyclic coproducts
Authors: Scheer Adam M. , Welz Oliver , Vasu Subith S. , Osborn David L. , Taatjes Craig A.
Published: April 2015

The low-temperature oxidation of three cyclic ketones, cyclopentanone (CPO; C5H8O), cyclohexanone (CHO; C6H10O), and 2-methyl-cyclopentanone (2-Me-CPO; CH3–C5H7O), is studied between 550 and 700 K and at 4 or 8 Torr total pressure.
Aqueous dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Bella Federico , Gerbaldi Claudio , Barolo Claudia , Grätzel Michael
Published: April 2015

This review highlights the efforts towards the realization of an artificial photosynthetic system able to convert sunlight into electricity by using a unique solvent, water, the solvent of life.
Enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation via atomic layer deposition of TiO2 on fluorine-doped tin oxide nanoparticle films
Authors: Cordova Isvar A. , Peng Qing , Ferrall Isa L. , Rieth Adam J. , Hoertz Paul G. , Glass Jeffrey T.
Published: April 2015

In this study, nanostructured photoanodes with heightened photoelectrochemical conversion efficiencies were synthesized by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of TiO2 onto a fluorine-doped tin oxide nanoparticle (nanoFTO) scaffold fabricated by solution processing.
An efficient room temperature core–shell AgPd@MOF catalyst for hydrogen production from formic acid
Authors: Ke Fei , Wang Luhuan , Zhu Junfa
Published: April 2015

Novel AgPd@MIL-100(Fe) core–shell NPs were fabricated by a facile one-pot method. The NPs are highly active for the dehydrogenation of formic acid without any additives at room temperature.
Simplistic construction of cadmium sulfoselenide thin films via a hybrid chemical process for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance
Authors: Khot Kishorkumar V. , Mali Sawanta S. , Pawar Nita B. , Kharade Rohini R. , Mane Rahul M. , Patil Pallavi B. , Patil Pramod S. , Hong Chang Kook , Kim Jin Hyeok , Heo Jaeyeong , Bhosale Popatrao N.
Published: April 2015

Hybrid APT method, novel custard apple-like cadmium sulfoselenide thin films, nanocrystalline pure phase, highest power conversion efficiency of 1.02%.
Facile synthesis of Co3O4 with different morphology and their application in supercapacitors
Authors: Ouyang Tian , Cheng Kui , Kong Shuying , Ye Ke , Gao Yinyi , Zhang Dingfu , Wang Guiling , Cao Dianxue
Published: April 2015

Co3O4 with different morphologies on nickel foam is successfully achieved via a simple hydrothermal method by changing the volume ratio between ethanol and water.
Bacterial detection with amphiphilic carbon dots
Authors: Nandi Sukhendu , Ritenberg Margarita , Jelinek Raz
Published: April 2015

Amphiphilic carbon dots employed for detection and visualization of bacterial cells and distinguishing among different bacterial strains.
Simple and fast electrochemical detection of sequence-specific DNA via click chemistry-mediated labeling of hairpin DNA probes with ethynylferrocene
Authors: Hu Qiong , Deng Xianbao , Kong Jinming , Dong Yuanyuan , Liu Qianrui , Zhang Xueji
Published: April 2015

In this work, the azido-containing hairpins were exploited as the capture probes; after hybridization, labeling of electroactive probes, ethynylferrocene, was conveniently and efficiently achieved via the Cu(i)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition.
A long-wavelength fluorescent turn-on probe for video detection of biological thiols in living cells
Authors: Jiang Wenqing , Chen Hua , Pan Yue , Lin Weiying
Published: April 2015

We have designed and synthesized the compoundFR-thiolbased on a new far-red platform as a turn-on fluorescent probe for biological thiols.
Scalable synthesis of a Pd nanoparticle loaded hierarchically porous graphene network through multiple synergistic interactions
Authors: Zhang Zheye , Dong Yue , Wang Lu , Wang Shuai
Published: April 2015

A unique Pd nanoparticle loaded hierarchically porous graphene network as an efficient electrocatalyst was successfully prepared through multiple synergistic interactions.
Theoretical predictions of novel potassium chloride phases under pressure
Authors: Shamp Andrew , Saitta Patrick , Zurek Eva
Published: April 2015

Above 350 GPa KCl assumes an hcp lattice that is reminiscent of the isoelectronic noble gas Ar.
Significant effect of base on the improvement of selectivity in the hydrogenation of benzoic acid over NiZrB amorphous alloy supported on γ-Al2O3
Authors: Wen Xin , Cao Yingying , Qiao Xianliang , Niu Libo , Huo Li , Bai Guoyi
Published: April 2015

The selectivity for cyclohexanecarboxylic acid was significantly enhanced by adding small amounts of bases in benzoic acid hydrogenation.
Synthesis and characterization of rare-earth metal complexes supported by a new pentadentate Schiff base and their application in heteroselective polymerization of rac-lactide
Authors: Cui Yu , Gu Weikai , Wang Yaorong , Zhao Bei , Yao Yingming , Shen Qi
Published: April 2015

Both rare-earth metal salen aryloxides and amides can efficiently initiate the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide to give heterotactic-rich polylactides.
Methods for comparing the performance of energy-conversion systems for use in solar fuels and solar electricity generation
Authors: Coridan Robert H. , Nielander Adam C. , Francis Sonja A. , McDowell Matthew T. , Dix Victoria , Chatman Shawn M. , Lewis Nathan S.
Published: April 2015

We outline the significance and advantages of different metrics used to characterize photoelectrodes for electrochemical solar energy conversion.
Life cycle inventory improvement in the pharmaceutical sector: assessment of the sustainability combining PMI and LCA tools
Authors: Cespi Daniele , Beach Evan S. , Swarr Thomas E. , Passarini Fabrizio , Vassura I. , Dunn Peter J. , Anastas Paul T.
Published: April 2015

Pharmaceutical chemicals are complex, high value added products that typically impose significantly greater impacts on the environment per kilogram compared to basic chemicals.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 protects INS-1E mitochondria against palmitate-mediated beta-cell dysfunction: a proteomic study
Authors: Ciregia Federica , Giusti Laura , Ronci Maurizio , Bugliani Marco , Piga Isabella , Pieroni Luisa , Rossi Claudia , Marchetti Piero , Urbani Andrea , Lucacchini Antonio
Published: April 2015

Proteomic analysis of the protein expression profiles of enriched mitochondrial preparations of rat INS-1E β cells treated with palmitate in the presence and in the absence of GLP-1.
Cigarette smoke alters the proteomic profile of lung fibroblasts
Authors: D'Anna Claudia , Cigna Diego , Costanzo Giorgia , Bruno Andreina , Ferraro Maria , Di Vincenzo Serena , Bianchi Laura , Bini Luca , Gjomarkaj Mark , Pace Elisabetta
Published: April 2015

The protein identified here may offer a new insight into deciphering damage caused by cigarette smoke.
Direct photocapture of bromodomains using tropolone chemical probes
Authors: Hett Erik C. , Piatnitski Chekler Eugene L. , Basak Arindrajit , Bonin Paul D. , Denny R. Aldrin , Flick Andrew C. , Geoghegan Kieran F. , Liu Shenping , Pletcher Mathew T. , Sahasrabudhe Parag , Salter Shores C. , Stock Ingrid A. , Taylor Alexandria P. , Jones Lyn H.
Published: April 2015

Tropolone probes directly photoaffinity label bromodomains.
Tunable luminescence and energy transfer properties of a novel Na4Ca4Si6O18:Ce3+,Mn2+ phosphor
Authors: Wei Dongxu , Sun Ying , Jiang Lianzhou , Hu Shaoxin , Li Dan
Published: April 2015

By utilizing the energy transfer of Ce3+ to Mn2+, the emitting colors can be adjusted from blue to red in Na4Ca4Si6O18:Ce3+,Mn2+ phosphors.
Push–pull porphyrins with different anchoring group orientations for fully printable monolithic dye-sensitized solar cells with mesoscopic carbon counter electrodes
Authors: Chen Jiangzhao , Sheng Yusong , Ko Songguk , Liu Linfeng , Han Hongwei , Li Xiong
Published: April 2015

Compared with WH-C4 and WH-C1, WH-C6- and WH-C7-sensitized devices show a significantly reduced Voc, Jsc and power conversion efficiency (η).
New emerging rare-earth free yellow emitting 2D BCNO nanophosphor for white light emitting diodes
Authors: Dwivedi Jaya , Kumar Pawan , Kedawat Garima , Gupta Bipin Kumar
Published: April 2015

Demonstration of a highly-efficient and lightweight yellow emitting 2D BCNO nanophosphor for CoB based white light emitting diode application.
Shape-controllable and versatile synthesis of copper nanocrystals with amino acids as capping agents
Authors: Yu Jin-Cheng , Zhao Fu-Gang , Shao Wei , Ge Cong-Wu , Li Wei-Shi
Published: April 2015

Amino acids as capping agents can not only produce a variety of Cu nanocrystals, but also improve their anti-oxidation properties.
Mapping fullerene crystallization in a photovoltaic blend: an electron tomography study
Authors: Bäcke Olof , Lindqvist Camilla , Diaz de Zerio Mendaza Amaia , Gustafsson Stefan , Wang Ergang , Andersson Mats R. , Müller Christian , Olsson Eva
Published: April 2015

Transmission electron tomography is used to study the vertical distribution of fullerene crystals in a polymer solar cell blend.
Higher-power supercapacitor electrodes based on mesoporous manganese oxide coating on vertically aligned carbon nanofibers
Authors: Klankowski Steven A. , Pandey Gaind P. , Malek Gary , Thomas Conor R. , Bernasek Steven L. , Wu Judy , Li Jun
Published: April 2015

A study on the development of high-power supercapacitor materials based on formation of thick mesoporous MnO2 shells on a highly conductive 3D template using vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs).
Rose-like Pd–Fe3O4 hybrid nanocomposite-supported Au nanocatalysts for tandem synthesis of 2-phenylindoles
Authors: Woo Hyunje , Park Ji Chan , Park Sungkyun , Park Kang Hyun
Published: April 2015

A facile synthesis of rose-like Pd–Fe3O4 nanocomposites via controlled thermal decomposition of Fe(CO)5 and reduction of Pd(OAc)2, followed by the immobilization of Au nanoparticles (NPs) onto the Pd–Fe3O4 supports, is reported.
Polysulfobetaine-based diblock copolymer nano-objects via polymerization-induced self-assembly
Authors: Doncom Kay E. B. , Warren Nicholas J. , Armes Steven P.
Published: April 2015

A zwitterionic polysulfobetaine-based macro-CTA is used for the synthesis of spheres, worms or vesiclesviaaqueous RAFT dispersion polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA). These new diblock copolymer nano-objects exhibit high tolerance of added salt.
1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reactions of phthalic anhydrides with an azomethine ylide
Authors: Santos Hugo , Distiller Amy , D'Souza Asha M. , Arnoux Quentin , White Jonathan M. , Meyer Adam G. , Ryan John H.
Published: April 2015

A series of phthalic anhydrides underwent a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with N-benzylazomethine ylide to produce unstable spiro(isobenzofuran-1,5′-oxazolidin)-3-ones, which underwent a subsequent reductive ring-opening reaction to afford 1(3H)-isobenzofuranones.
Sulfur-containing stable five-membered “cycloallene” complexes: 1-thia-2-zircona- and 1-thia-2-titanacyclopenta-3,4-dienes
Authors: Suzuki Noriyuki , Asada Takumi , Kawamura Akiko , Masuyama Yoshiro
Published: April 2015

Stable five-membered sulfur-containing metallacyclic allenes, 1-thia-2-metallacyclopenta-3,4-diene, were synthesized from the reactions of low-valent zirconocene or titanocene with alkynylthioamides.
Studies on the asymmetric synthesis of pandamarilactonines: an unexpected syn-selective vinylogous Mannich reaction of N-tert-butanesulfinimines
Authors: Ye Jian-Liang , Zhang Yu-Feng , Liu Yang , Zhang Jin-Yuan , Ruan Yuan-Ping , Huang Pei-Qiang
Published: April 2015

Through an unanticipatedsyn-selective VMR, a highly enantioselective total synthesis of (−)-pandamarilactonine-A has been achieved.
Superparamagnetic PLGA–iron oxide microspheres as contrast agents for dual-imaging and the enhancement of the effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation on liver tissue
Authors: Zhou Di , Sun Yang , Zheng Yuanyi , Ran Haitao , Li Pan , Wang Zhibiao , Wang Zhigang
Published: April 2015

Efforts have been made to develop a multifunctional platform that could provide both diagnostic information and a therapeutic effect.
A novel thermal reflow method for the fabrication of microlenses with an ultrahigh focal number
Authors: Wang M. , Yu W. , Wang T. , Han X. , Gu Erdan , Li X.
Published: April 2015

A novel thermal reflow method for the monolithic fabrication of microlens arrays with ultrahigh focal numbers and tunable lens profiles.
Intense UV upconversion through highly sensitized NaRF4:Tm (R:Y,Yb) crystals
Authors: Kale Vishal , Lastusaari Mika , Hölsä Jorma , Soukka Tero
Published: April 2015

Photon upconverting luminescent hexagonal NaRF4:Tm (0.5 mol%) (R:Y3+,Yb3+) crystals with Yb3+concentrations between 20 and 99.5 mol% were synthesized by a modified thermal coprecipitation method.
Scale-up of removal process using a remediating-bacterium isolated from marine coastal sediment
Authors: Ferreira Laura , Rosales Emilio , Sanromán M. Ángeles , Pazos Marta M.
Published: April 2015

Nowadays, a wide variety of pollutants are discharged to different water sources and become water contaminants.
Synthesis, self-assembly, and catalytic activity of histidine-based structured lipopeptides for hydrolysis reactions in water
Authors: Bélières M. , Chouini-Lalanne N. , Déjugnat C.
Published: April 2015

When interfacial catalysis and organocatalysis meet: self-assembling histidine-based lipopeptides catalyse ester hydrolysis in water, depending on aggregation.
Physicochemical characterization of metal hexacyanometallate–TiO2composite materials
Authors: Berrettoni Mario , Ciabocco Michela , Fantauzzi Marzia , Giorgetti Marco , Rossi Antonella , Caponetti Eugenio
Published: April 2015

The paper describes the synthesis and characterization of novel TiO2–metal hexacyanometallates (MHCMs) composite materials.
Regioselective synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazoles and imidazo[1,2-a]-pyridines
Authors: Wang Kai-Min , Ma Yu-Lu , Lin Xin-Rong , Yan Sheng-Jiao , Lin Jun
Published: April 2015

A concise synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazoles and imidazo[1,2-a]-pyridines by regioselective aza-ene additions and regioselective cyclic–condensation reactions of HKAs with ethyl 3-benzoylacrylate derivatives under catalyst-free conditions.
Facile fabrication of a flower-like CuO/Cu(OH)2 nanorod film with tunable wetting transition and excellent stability
Authors: Liang Weitao , Zhu Liqun , Li Weiping , Liu Huicong
Published: April 2015

The digital CA images and the SEM images of the prepared flower-like nanorods surface (A) before and (B) after modification by myristic acid, and (C) after annealing at 200 °C; (D) the schematic of the wetting behavior transition.
Organocatalytic direct difluoromethylation of aldehydes and ketones with TMSCF2H
Authors: Du Guang-Fen , Wang Ying , Gu Cheng-Zhi , Dai Bin , He Lin
Published: April 2015

Organocatalytic direct difluoromethylation of aldehydes and ketones with TMSCF2H.
Spin–orbit coupling analyses of phosphorescent processes in Ir(Zppy)3 (Z = NH2, NO2 and CN)
Authors: Koseki Shiro , Yoshinaga Harunobu , Asada Toshio , Matsushita Takeshi
Published: April 2015

Appropriate combinations of substituents provide brighter blue-color emission in OLEDs. The present MCSCF + SOCI + SOC calculations suggest that the best material for blue-color emission is fac-Ir(5-NO2ppy)3 or fac-Ir(5-NO2-4,6-dfppy)3, or practically fac-Ir(5-CN-3,4,6-tfppy)3.
Microstructural and optical properties of high-quality ZnO epitaxially grown on a LiGaO2 substrate
Authors: Chen Chenlong , Yan Tao , Yu Shih-Hsun , Lee Chun-Yu , Chang Chi-Wei , Chou Mitch M. C.
Published: April 2015

ZnO films with high crystallinity, high optical quality and very smooth surface have been epitaxially grown on (001) LiGaO2 substrate.
Iterative double cyclization reaction by SRN1 mechanism. A theoretical interpretation of the regiochemical outcome of diazaheterocycles
Authors: Peisino Lucas E. , Camargo Solorzano Gloria P. , Budén María E. , Pierini A. B.
Published: April 2015

Diazaheterocyclic compounds are prepared in good yields by double cyclization intramolecular SRN1 reactions from diamines bearing two aryl iodide moieties.
Aldehyde–alkyne–amine (A3) coupling catalyzed by a highly efficient dicopper complex
Authors: Chen Hong-Bin , Zhao Yan , Liao Yi
Published: April 2015

A dicopper(i) complex was developed as highly efficient catalyst for A3 coupling reactions, which led to the formation of propargylamines.
A review on recent developments of anion exchange membranes for fuel cells and redox flow batteries
Authors: Maurya Sandip , Shin Sung-Hee , Kim Yekyung , Moon Seung-Hyeon
Published: April 2015

This review covers recent advancements and future perspectives of AEMs for energy conversion and storage systems such as fuel cells and redox flow batteries.
Extraction of actinides by tertiary amines in room temperature ionic liquids: evidence for anion exchange as a major process at high acidity and impact of acid nature
Authors: Ansari Seraj A. , Mohapatra Prasanta K. , Mazan Valérie , Billard Isabelle
Published: April 2015

The extraction of U(vi) and Pu(iv) by tri-alkyl amines in room temperature ionic liquids, [Cnmim][Tf2N] (where, n = 4, 6 or 8) follow anion exchange mechanism.
Yolk–shell nanospheres with soluble amino-polystyrene as a reservoir for Pd NPs
Authors: Lan Guojun , Zhang Xiaoming , Zhang Xiaomin , Li Mingrun , Li Ying , Yang Qihua
Published: April 2015

Pd NPs immobilized in yolk–shell nanospheres confined with soluble amino-polystyrene could efficiently catalyze the selective hydrogenation of acetophenone.
Selective fluorometric detection of F− and Zn(ii) ions by a N, O coordinating sensor and naked eye detection of Cu(ii) ions in mixed-aqueous solution
Authors: Hens Amar , Rajak Kajal Krishna
Published: April 2015

A N, O coordinating sensor fluorogenically detects fluoride anions (λex = 330 nm, λem = 450 nm) with blue emission and Zn(ii) ions with green emission (λex = 405 nm, λem = 515 nm) as well as colorimetrically detecting copper ions.
Improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 through reduction
Authors: Zhang Daoyu , Yang Minnan , Dong Shuai
Published: April 2015

The up-shifts of both conduction and valence band edges of the reduced TiO2 result from the electric dipoles created by the reductant defect such as the bridging oxygen vacancy, bridging hydroxyl group or Ti interstitial atom.
Hybrid Ni–Al layered double hydroxide/graphene composite supported gold nanoparticles for aerobic selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol
Authors: Miao M. Y. , Feng J. T. , Jin Q. , He Y. F. , Liu Y. N. , Du Y. Y. , Zhang N. , Li D. Q.
Published: April 2015

A NiAl-LDH/RGO composite-supported Au catalyst was synthesized and exhibited high activity and stability in the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol.
Nanopipettes: probes for local sample analysis
Authors: Saha-Shah Anumita , Weber Anna E. , Karty Jonathan A. , Ray Steven J. , Hieftje Gary M. , Baker Lane A.
Published: April 2015

Nanopipettes are demonstrated as probes for local mass spectrometric analysis with potential for small-scale extraction of analytes from single cells, tissue and organisms.
Capping nanoparticles with graphene quantum dots for enhanced thermoelectric performance
Authors: Liang Yuantong , Lu Chenguang , Ding Defang , Zhao Man , Wang Dawei , Hu Chao , Qiu Jieshan , Xie Gang , Tang Zhiyong
Published: April 2015

The general capability of graphene quantum dots to serve as capping ligands exchanging native organic stabilizers for various types of semiconductor nanoparticles affords the opportunity to engineer functional nanocomposites with remarkable thermoelectric properties.
Boronic acids facilitate rapid oxime condensations at neutral pH
Authors: Schmidt Pascal , Stress Cedric , Gillingham Dennis
Published: April 2015

We report here the discovery and development of boron-assisted oxime formation as a powerful connective reaction for chemical biology.
Two dimensional inorganic electride-promoted electron transfer efficiency in transfer hydrogenation of alkynes and alkenes
Authors: Kim Ye Ji , Kim Sun Min , Cho Eun Jin , Hosono Hideo , Yang Jung Woon , Kim Sung Wng
Published: April 2015

A simple and highly efficient transfer hydrogenation of alkynes and alkenes by using a two-dimensional electride, dicalcium nitride ([Ca2N]+·e−), as an electron transfer agent is disclosed.
Significant improvement of oxidase activity through the genetic incorporation of a redox-active unnatural amino acid
Authors: Yu Yang , Zhou Qing , Wang Li , Liu Xiaohong , Zhang Wei , Hu Meirong , Dong Jianshu , Li Jiasong , Lv Xiaoxuan , Ouyang Hanlin , Li Han , Gao Feng , Gong Weimin , Lu Yi , Wang Jiangyun
Published: April 2015

Incorporation of 3-methoxytyrosine boosts the oxidase activity of the myoglobin model of oxidase, stressing the importance of the redox potential tuning of tyrosine.
Novel phosphoric acid-doped PBI-blends as membranes for high-temperature PEM fuel cells
Authors: Mack Florian , Aniol Karin , Ellwein Corina , Kerres Jochen , Zeis Roswitha
Published: April 2015

We present novel acid–base blend membranes with improved chemical stability and competitive fuel cell performance compared to conventional PBI membranes.
Photoelectric artefact from optogenetics and imaging on microelectrodes and bioelectronics: new challenges and opportunities
Authors: Kozai Takashi D. Y. , Vazquez Alberto L.
Published: April 2015

Blue laser photoelectrically and photothermally exciting a wireless carbon fiber electrode to activate a nearby neuron.