bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facilitation for Undergraduate College Students to Learn Java Language Using E-Learning Model
Authors: Alfarsi Ghaliya , Tawafak Ragad , Malik Sohail , Khudayer Baidaa Hamza
Published: April 2022

The use of modern programming in Java has become widely used in the e-learning model to help the student learn in the right place and time. Students have difficulty learning Java and are time-consuming without the benefit of understanding the material. This study presents how to build an electronic application to facilitate learning programming in modern languages. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the application, a questionnaire was developed on the need for an educational application that helps facilitate the process of learning Java and the need for diversity in the methods of educational methods. The study of this questionnaire appeared from the need for this educational electronic application. After applying the application to the same sample of students, they expressed their satisfaction and satisfaction with this application, and the impact of this use of this application in raising the educational level of the student in this subject The results show and reflect the good interest from students of this application.
Modeling the Enablers and Barriers to Effective E-learning: A TISM Approach
Authors: Panackal Nehajoan , Rautela Sonica , Sharma Adya
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The drastic change in the technological environment has transformed the entire world including the education sector which was and is largely dominated by classroom teaching. In the last decade, a new entrant in the education sector has been e-learning. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced educational institutes to look at e-learning as a path to continue the learning process. The present paper aims to propose a model highlighting the enablers that encourage the smooth and effective delivery of e-learning process and highlight the barriers that cause hurdles in the effective delivery of e-learning. The researchers have followed the Total Interpretive Structural Modelling and Fuzzy Matriced’ Impacts Croise's Multiplication Appliquée a UN Classement (MICMAC) analysis approach of extant literature review, expert opinion and multiple iterations to arrive at the proposed model. The findings of the present research study show the linkages between the identified enablers: institutional culture, institutional capability and support, flexibility in the teaching-learning process, e-readiness, motivation, knowledge management practices, and technology. Knowledge management practices that include practices of capturing knowledge and sharing knowledge have emerged as the most significant enabler of e-learning. The model on barriers to e-learning shows the relationship between lack of required skills, lack of access to technology, quality concerns, time as a barrier, learner engagement as barriers to effective e-learning. Modelling of enablers and barriers and effective e-learning is a less explored area, particularly in the Indian context with special emphasis on the pandemic. The study was carried out to address this research gap.
Légitimer la gestion de crise pendant la Covid-19
Authors: Wodak Ruth
Published: April 2022

A la mi-mars 2020, les gouvernements européens (et pas seulement eux) ne pouvaient plus nier le danger que représentait la pandémie de la Covid-19, et se devaient de l’affronter au plus vite. Différents types de gestion de crise ont été adoptés par les dirigeants pour persuader la population d’accepter les mesures destinées à enrayer la propagation du virus, et par là à réduire la peur et l’incertitude. Certaines mesures entraînaient de graves restrictions des droits humains (telle que la liberté de mouvement). C’est pourquoi différentes stratégies de légitimation ont été mobilisées pour créer dans l’ensemble de la société un consensus sur la nécessité de ces mesures. Certains gouvernements ont également instrumentalisé la pandémie à des fins autoritaires. Dans cet article, on analyse différentes stratégies de légitimation, selon l’approche proposée à l’origine par Van Leeuwen et Wodak (1999) et approfondie par Wodak (2018, 2021). Dans ce cadre la légitimation est mise en relation avec des schèmes argumentatifs précis qui sont toujours analysés en contexte. Les données traitées ici proviennent d’allocutions gouvernementales et de conférences de presse tenues en Autriche et en Hongrie, en France, en Suède et en Nouvelle-Zélande durant la période allant de mars à décembre 2020.
Le rôle de la confiance dans la construction discursive de la légitimité et de l’autorité. La première allocution sur la Covid-19 en Argentine
Authors: Masasa Karina
Published: April 2022

Cet article se propose d’analyser la première allocution à la nation du président argentin Alberto Fernández concernant la crise sanitaire provoquée par la Covid 19. Au moment de l’apparition du virus, le président argentin était nouveau dans ses fonctions. En Argentine, un pays qui vit dans une instabilité économique, sociale et politique presque constante, la population est particulièrement méfiante envers les politiciens et les institutions. Même si la légitimité du nouveau président lui a été conférée par des élections démocratiques, Fernández est obligé de construire un discours qui inspire la confiance des Argentins afin de consolider leur foi dans la légitimité des institutions aussi bien que du président élu, et de construire l’autorité nécessaire pour faire respecter des mesures destinées à contenir la propagation du virus sans faire appel à la violence. Les notions de confiance, légitimité et autorité sont les piliers de cette analyse qui tente d’analyser leur inscription dans l’adresse de Fernández au moment où éclate une crise sanitaire mondiale sans précédent.
Polémique et populisme en temps de pandémie : légitimation et construction d’autorité chez Bolsonaro
Authors: Abécassis Claire Sukiennik
Published: April 2022

Cet article traite de la façon dont J. Bolsonaro renforce sa légitimité et construit son autorité dans un discours populiste de type polémique gratifiant pour sa personne, au détriment de ses adversaires. Pour ce faire, le président brésilien tente, dans deux allocutions nationales majeures et dans ses réactions aux attaques, de justifier son refus des mesures sanitaires, et en même temps de renforcer son ethos d’homme fort et de sauveur. L'analyse argumentative montre comment ses efforts se sont heurtés et ont répondu à un contre-discours qui s’est développé au sein d’une polémique publique. La réception de son discours présente les attaques lancées contre sa personne et ses dires auxquelles il doit se confronter pour rétablir sa légitimité et reconstruire son autorité mises à mal par ses détracteurs.
Polemics and populism in times of pandemic: Legitimation and construction of authority in Bolsonaro’s addresses
Authors: Abécassis Claire Sukiennik
Published: April 2022

This article examines the way the Brazilian President J. Bolsonaro reinforces his legitimacy and builds his authority in a populist discourse of a polemical type, gratifying for himself while attacking his adversaries. To do so, he tries to justify his refusal of health measures and at the same time to reinforce his ethos as a strong leader and a Savior, in two major national speeches as well as in his reactions to the attacks. The argumentative analysis shows how his efforts collided with and responded to a counter-discourse that developed into a public controversy. The reception of his speech shows the attacks against his person and his discourse which he must confront to restore his legitimacy and rebuild his authority.
Health Crisis and Political Crisis: Benjamin Netanyahu's Double Rhetorical Maneuver during COVID-19
Authors: Lahav Ariella
Published: April 2022

This article analyzes Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's first speeches on COVID-19, in the context of the unique political crisis in which Israel was plunged when the pandemic broke out. It suggests that Netanyahu's rhetoric was not aimed, similarly to that of other Western leaders, uniquely at persuading his audience to obey liberticidal regulations that were imposed—and thereby build his authority and legitimacy, as well as the legitimacy of the measures advocated against the pandemic; but that it was also aimed at reconstructing and rehabilitating his ethos (impaired by his indictment), repositioning him as head of State, as the only leader capable of managing a crisis of such magnitude, and thus of leading the country; and finally, at convincing his political rival to join a so-called “emergency national unity” government.
Mechanisms of Apprenticeship in Late Medieval Genoa: Training, Actors and Networks (Thirteenth – Fourteenth Centuries)
Authors: Bezzina Denise
Published: April 2022

L’article analyse l’apprentissage dans la ville portuaire de Gênes aux xiiie et xive siècles sur la base d'un large échantillon d’actes notariés. Le but est de clarifier certains aspects de la formation, et des réseaux, et d’identifier les principaux acteurs impliqués. Trois aspects seront abordés : le premier concerne le genre et l’absence apparente des femmes dans le circuit de formation ; le deuxième porte sur la nature du contrat et les conditions qu’il établit ; la dernière partie de l’article examine les réseaux de recrutement en soulignant l’importance des liens sociaux, en particulier pour les apprentis qui venaient de lieux éloignés
Canada’s response to invasion by Asian longhorned beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Ontario
Authors: Turgeon J.J. , Gasman B. , Smith M.T. , Pedlar J.H. , Orr M. , Fournier R.E. , Doyle J. , Ric J. , Scarr T.
Published: April 2022

A reproductive population of the Asian longhorned beetle,Anoplophora glabripennis(Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an adventive insect from Asia, was discovered in 2003 in an urban landscape in Ontario, Canada. This polyphagous beetle, which attacks maples,Acerspp. (Sapindaceae), had the potential to seriously and permanently alter the composition and structure of forests in eastern North America. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) developed and implemented an eradication programme, with partners from various agencies in both Canada and the United States of America. Surveys were used to delineate the infestation and establish a regulated area around it. Treatment consisted of removing and destroying both trees with signs ofA. glabripennisinjury and trees assumed at high risk of being injured within the regulated area. After nine years of monitoring the regulated area, the CFIA declaredA. glabripenniseradicated on 5 April 2013. Herein, we detail the response undertaken, summarise lessons learned, and provide preliminary observations and results pertaining to the arrival, establishment, and spread ofA. glabripennisin Ontario.
Weil's Disease
Authors: Barua Trinayani , Dutta Anupam , Baruah Sreemanta Madhab , Sreeraj Sanchu T. K. , Das Arijit
Published: April 2022

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that predominantly occurs in tropical and subtropical areas. It is caused by the spirochete Leptospira interrogans complex and may lead to syndromes that can vary from a subclinical infection or a mild febrile infection to a severe icterohemorrhagic condition. This is a case report on a 52-year-old farmer who had presented with upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. He was initially thought to be a case of complications of Chronic Liver Disease. However, he was later found to have icterus, renal failure, and hemorrhagic manifestations and his IgM ELISA for leptospira was positive. It was later confirmed by MAT. He was treated with antibacterials and supportive measures and his clinical and biochemical parameters improved. The occurrence of Weil's disease in the month of November and its occurrence in the state of Assam, India was unpredictable and hence posed as a diagnostic dilemma. It is a curable disease and hence needs timely intervention and treatment. This highlights the need for a better understanding of the natural course of this disease and improvement of public health measures.
To Study the Correlation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Assessment Test, Clinical COPD Questionnaire, and BODE Index in Patients of Stable COPD
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Goyal Amit , Pandhi Naveen
Published: April 2022

Background:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment has emerged as one of the most important parts of COPD treatment. Therefore, a thorough assessment of symptoms is necessary rather than just a measure of dyspnea.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to assess the disease severity and health status in stable patients of COPD using COPD assessment test (CAT), clinical COPD questionnaire (CCQ) scores, and BODE index and to correlate these indices.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 100 stable patients suffering from COPD attending outpatient department subjected to CAT, CCQ, and BODE index.

Results:

CAT and CCQ score correlated significantly (r = 0.52, P < 0.001) and both with the BODE index (r = 0.68; CAT and r = 0.64; CCQ, P < 0.001). COPD severity status and BODE component and forced expiratory volume 1% (FEV1%)-predicted values correlated significantly with individual scores (r = −0.24, CAT; r = −0.41, CCQ; r = −0.72, BODE).

Conclusion:

An evident negative correlation of FEV1% predicted by CAT and CCQ among study subjects proved both questionnaires as sensitive, simple, and reliable tools not only for early recognition and assessing health status in COPD patients but also for planning appropriate treatment. The BODE index is more objective to assess the disease severity in COPD.
A Clinical and Bacteriological Study on Patients Presented with Acute Diarrhea Admitted in Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Cachar District, Assam
Authors: Roy Paramita , Sen Subhrendu Sekhar , Barman Pushpita
Published: April 2022

Background:

Acute diarrheal infection is a leading cause of outpatient visits, hospitalizations, and lost quality of life. It is defined as the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has estimated 47.8 million cases occurring annually in the United States. According to NFHS-5, the prevalence of diarrhea among under-five children in Assam is 5.5%.

Aims and Objective:

The aim of this work was to study the clinical and bacteriological spectrum in the recent outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in Silchar Medical College and Hospital.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with diarrhea admitted in the Medicine Department of Silchar Medical College and Hospital for the time period of January 2016 to March 2016.

Result:

In our study, a total of 327 patients were enrolled. The median age of patients was 36 years with the majority being female and belong to Hindu religion. All were presented with loose stool, followed by vomiting (85%). The most common pathogen isolated from stool was Escherichia coli (71.2%) followed by Klebsiella (16.2%). More than 50% of cases with E. coli infection are resistant to Piperacillin, Doxycycline, while in cases with Klebsiella infection, more than 50% are resistant to Doxycycline followed by Azithromycin.

Conclusion:

This study may provide valuable information about the clinical features and microbiology of patients with diarrheal diseases to the Medical practitioners which might help in diagnosis and management.
Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of General Population in India
Authors: Gara Himavathy Kodandarao , Vanamali Dharma Rao , Adhikarla Suryaveeramani Kartheek
Published: April 2022

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic poses a challenge to mental health. The perception of stress and its adaptation are determined by individual's risk perception and coping mechanisms.

Aim:

The study aimed to evaluate the perceived stress and behavioral responses owing to COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

The online survey recruited 621 respondents. The survey included (1) sociodemographic variables, (2) Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)-10 item inventory, (3) four items on experience of stress, and (4) eight items on mental health-related lifestyle changes and societal support during the pandemic.

Results:

Out of 621, majority were females (54.1%) and belonged to the age group of 18–30 years (66.02%). Moderate perceived stress was observed in 67.1% of the respondents. The mean PSS scores were significantly higher among females, age group of 18–30 years, unmarried, educational qualification below undergraduation, and students. Higher perception of work and financial stress were present in 52.67% and 48.3%, respectively. Increased concern about family and vulnerability was confirmed by 89.05% and 54.59%, respectively. Increased work stress was negatively associated with attention toward mental health, emotional support, physical activity, and hobbies. Greater concern for family and vulnerability had showed positive association with attention toward mental health, emotional support, and protective behavior.

Conclusion:

In COVID-19 pandemic, females, younger age, and students had significantly higher stress perception. Work and financial stress were associated with maladaptive responses, whereas concern about family and feeling vulnerable were accompanied by positive adaptive responses. Thus, evaluating the cognitive and behavioral responses to stressors is imperative to quantify individual's stress perception during exposure to a stressful situation such as pandemic.
Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Patients Suffering from Chronic Respiratory Diseases in a Tertiary Care Hospital Using Gene Xpert as the Diagnostic Tool
Authors: Das Baishali , Raja Dina
Published: April 2022

Background:

Chronic respiratory diseases constitute a grave problem throughout the world and particularly in the middle- and low-income countries. The burden of these diseases leads to poor quality of life and disability of affected individuals leading to premature deaths and a great economic loss to their families and society. Tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest communicable diseases. Though culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, the long period of time required for a positive result leads to the transmission of the disease in the community.

Objective:

The study was conducted to study the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients suffering from chronic respiratory diseases.

Materials and Methods:

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples of patients with chronic respiratory diseases undergoing bronchoscopy were collected under aseptic conditions after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Each sample was subjected to Ziehl Neelsen stain and Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) on Xpert MTB/RIF manufactured by Cepheid (Sunnyvale, CA).

Results:

Eighteen of 110 cases (16.36%) showed the presence of M. tuberculosis in the samples, of which rifampicin resistance was detected in 2 (11.11%) cases.

Conclusions:

M. tuberculosis remains a common underlying pathogen in the cases of chronic respiratory diseases.
Early intervention with anti-fibrotic pirfenidone is effective than corticosteroids in preventing pulmonary fibrosis in severe COVID pneumonia patients
Authors: Tanvir Masood , Wagay Imran , Nisar Sobia , Ahmed Rabia Nazir , Maqbool Muzaffar , Kareem Ozaifa , Muzaffer Umar
Published: April 2022

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has made nearly 120 million people sick with more than 2 million dead. Many survivors of severe COVID-19 are experiencing post-COVID complications beyond 4 weeks from the disease onset. The decrease in lung function and pulmonary fibrosis are the serious manifestations of COVID-19. The burden of even a relatively mild fibrotic change could have considerable morbidity and mortality, especially in the elderly and those with comorbidities.

Aim:

To evaluate the effect of early intervention with anti-fibrotic pirfenidone and corticosteroids in preventing pulmonary fibrosis in severe COVID pneumonia patients.

Methods:

This randomised open-label pilot trial was conducted was conducted at Government Medical College, Srinagar for evaluating the role of anti-fibrotic drugs in preventing post-COVID pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, 60 patients with severe COVID-19 infection were screened and randomised into two groups, one receiving anti-fibrotic drug– pirfenidone (n = 17) and other receiving corticosteroids (n = 19). The study participants were evaluated at the baseline and after 6 ± 1 week using 6-min walk test, spirometry and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT).

Results:

The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) age of the pirfenidone and steroid group was 64.16 ± 11.36 and 67.19 ± 13.32 (P = 0.929), respectively. There were no significant differences in clinically relevant baseline characteristics at the time of enrolment in the two treatment groups. The initial CT severity score was 14.84 ± 4.031 and 14.81 ± 4.722 (P = 0.400) in pirfenidone and corticosteroids groups. The mean (±SD) baseline forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) in pirfenidone and corticosteroid was 73.32 ± 18.10 and 71.71 ± 17.92 (P = 0.670), while FEV1/forced vital capacity was 95.89 ± 23.40 and 90.00 ± 21.09 (P = 0.920), respectively, between the two groups. The final fibrosis score was 115.52 ± 12.32 and 138.22 ± 43.90 (P = 0.004) in the pirfenidone and corticosteroids groups, respectively. At the 6th week, the proportion of patients who had died was less in the pirfenidone group as compared in the corticosteroid group (02 patients [11.76%] in the pirfenidone group vs. 08 patients [42.10%] P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Pirfenidone, an anti-fibrotic agent, has a better outcome than corticosteroids in preventing post-COVID pulmonary fibrosis without serious adverse effects. Our study concludes that early initiation of pirfenidone therapy in patients with severe COVID-19 infection, especially those at higher risk like the elderly and those with co-morbidities has a better treatment and survival outcome compared to corticosteroids.
Organ donation
Authors: Bhargava Vinant , Meena Priti , Chadha Sudhir , Bhalla Anil Kumar , Gupta Ashwani , Bhoiyar Ashish , Malik Manish , Gupta Anurag , Tiwari Vaibhav , Rana Devinder Singh , Prakash Varun , Dhir Ushast
Published: April 2022

There is a huge gap between organ donation and the current demand for organ transplantation. With a very low donation rate of 0.26 per million in India, a high number of patients die due to lack of organ transplantation. Strategies such as increasing organ donation from the paediatric population can improve the void in the national donor pool. Increasing awareness among the general population, propitious support for families during the donation process, more dedicated clinical staff, development of better screening and assessment processes are some multifaceted methods to improve organ donation. We herein report a case of an 18-month-old girl child who donated her heart, liver, kidneys and cornea to five patients following her demise. This case emphasises that with advanced surgical techniques and meticulous organ procurement even from a very young donor, results can be rewarding.
Haematological parameters in COVID-19 disease
Authors: Thakkar Himali Parsotambhai , Dayal Anupama Ishwer , Prajapati Vipul Bachubhai , Suri Sushil
Published: April 2022

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and was declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization. Various haematological parameters alteration has been documented in SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, there is a need for research to evaluate the pattern of the haematological parameters of COVID-19 patients.

Aims:

The main aim of this study was to determine demographic characteristics, to study various haematological parameters and their relation with the outcome of the disease.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 150 patients who tested positive for COVID-19 were included in the study. A prospective study was done in the Department of Pathology, GCS Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, for the period of 15 days (01 August 2020–15 August 2020). Patients were categorised according to severity, oxygen (O2) requirement and their the outcome. Haematological parameters and clinical data were obtained. Median values of age and haematological parameters were compared between these groups.

Results:

Patients who needed oxygen support had higher median age, absolute neutrophil count and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) had higher age, leucocytosis with absolute lymphopoenia and a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. The parameters found to be associated with a poor outcome were higher median age with low haemoglobin, low mean corpuscular volume and absolute lymphopoenia.

Conclusions:

Males and older people are more prone to COVID-19 infection. Parameters such as high total leucocyte count, high absolute neutrophil count, low absolute lymphocyte count and high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio may be considered cardinal laboratory findings with prognostic potential for the requirement of O2, ICU admission and poor outcome of COVID-19 disease.
Oesophageal duplication – An uncommon cause of dysphagia in an adult
Authors: Singh Ankita , Singh Rajdeep , Mishra Anurag , Agarwal Prem Narayan
Published: April 2022

Duplication of the oesophagus has ranges from complete duplication which is very rare to a partial cystic duplication (also known as duplication cyst). The oesophagus is the second most common site after the ileum to be involved with gastrointestinal duplication. It commonly manifests in neonates and children. The adults are usually asymptomatic. In this report, we describe a case of an adult male presenting with dysphagia because of a lower oesophageal duplication cyst. The diagnostic features and treatment options are discussed.
X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography Characterization of Autologous Teeth Particle used in Postextraction Sites for Bone Regeneration. An Experimental Study in Dogs
Authors: Calvo-Guirado José Luis , Carlos-Villafranca Felix de , Garcés-Villalá Miguel , García-Carrillo Nuria , Jindal Vidushi , Martínez-Martinez Francisco
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to develop a new computed method to characterize and measure the bone density measured in Hounsfield units (HU) of particulate tooth grafts, evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at 2 months of healing.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-two dog teeth were crushed with a smart dentin grinder, later implanted in postextraction sites of 4 beagle dogs. Twenty-four cores were taken after 2 months and analyzed by micro-CT (Albira). The methodology used was based on a descriptive statistic of the bone density values measured in HU obtained from the creation of volumes of interest (VOIs) and predefined three-dimensional iso-contours from the images obtained after performing micro-CT of the biopsies of the crushing tooth.

Results:

The micro-CT allows established the characteristics of the biomaterials by studying the HU. The most predominant type of bone was type D3 density (400–800 HU). There was a light presence of bone-type density D2 and D1 in 2 of the regions studied.

Conclusions:

Micro-CT could be considered a technique of great value in the characterization of biomaterials based on the HU, after implantation in an in vivo model. The distribution of D1 and D2 particles were located around the bottom and middle part of the alveoli and the D3 and D4 bone particles were in the hole core. Therefore, the method proposed in this study is useful to determine the density of the tooth granulate (dentin grinder) and any other biomaterial.
A Study to Evaluate Cephalometric Hard Tissue Profile of Maharashtrian Population for Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Joshi Sanjay , Punamiya Sneha , Naik Charudatta , Mhatre Bhupendra , Garad Aarti , Chabalani Deepti
Published: April 2022

Aim:

Variability exists in the ethnic groups that are separated by culture and geographic boundaries. The aim of this study was to evaluate hard tissue profile of well-balanced and clinically acceptable Maharashtrian population. Furthermore, compare the cephalometric values of Maharashtrian population with the established norms of Caucasians.

Materials and Methods:

Lateral cephalogram of 100 patients (50 males and 50 females) in the age group of 20–30 years, were taken in the natural head position. Cephalometric analysis was performed on them and compared to the values of the Caucasians.

Results:

Statically significant differences were obtained in the between the Maharashtrian population and the Caucasians. Maharashtrian males have a straighter profile, reduced vertical height, and reduced mandibular divergence compared to Caucasian males. Maharashtrian females have a convex profile, reduced vertical height and reduced mandibular divergence.

Conclusion:

Since significant differences were found in the Maharashtrian population compared to the Caucasians. These values should be taken into consideration when assessing the Maharashtrian patient with facial deformity to obtain optimal results.
Surgical Lip Repositioning as an Esthetic Treatment to Improve Gummy Smile
Authors: Chaudhri Shweta , Srivastava Amitabh
Published: April 2022

There can be multiple etiologies of “gummy smile.” It might be caused by skeletal reasons like vertical maxillary excess or rotation of the maxilla, or dental reasons such as altered or delayed passive eruption, short clinical crown, dentoalveolar extrusion of maxillary anterior teeth, and extruded incisors or due to soft-tissue reasons like upper lip which is short or hyperactive, periodontal reasons like plaque or drug induced gingival enlargement or due to a combination of these etiologies. Treatment plan of gummy smile is made according to the etiology. In the case reported here, gummy smile was due to a combination of an upper lip hyperactivity and vertical maxillary excess. Hence, surgical lip repositioning was performed successfully. There was no surgical complication with minimal postoperative discomfort and the patient was satisfied with the outcome of the treatment.
Parental Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Oral Health of their Children in Nuh District of Haryana, India
Authors: Sharma Amita , Jain Megha , Vigarniya Monika
Published: April 2022

Background:

During the early days a child's development and oral health habits are predisposed and shaped by parents. For the betterment of the oral health of their children, parents should have a positive attitude toward oral health. To evaluate parent's knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward oral health of their children a study was conducted.

Materials and Methods:

Parents of 340 children who visited the Department of Dentistry, Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati Government Medical College Nuh, Haryana, were included in this cross-sectional study. A self-validated questionnaire containing two parts was delivered on a face-to-face interview basis. The first part involved demographic data of parents and the second part had 15 multiple-choice questions related to knowledge, attitude, and practices toward dental health of their children.

Results:

The results revealed the majority of the parents (50%) were not aware of the importance of primary dentition. The first dental visit was planned after the history of pain or swelling in the child's mouth by most of the respondents. Regular and supervised brushing was ignored by 79.9% of the caretakers.

Conclusion:

In the present study, it was concluded that there is a little level of awareness regarding knowledge, attitude, and practices among parents toward the oral health of children. It is thus suggested to educate the parents on the significance of oral health and periodic dental check-ups.
Periodontal Health
Authors: Debnath Krishnendu , Nisha Swet , Das Debanjan , Sahu Sudipta , Rajaram Savan Sunari
Published: April 2022

Periodontal disease has interconnections with oral and systemic health. The maintenance of good periodontal health is important as it reflects sound overall health. The bacterial challenge and host immune response create dysbiosis and can set inflammation. Modifying the immune response, reducing biofilm formation, and proper referral between dental and medical practitioners can help in bridging the gap of interdependency and this will eventually be beneficial to the patient's overall health.
Integral distances from (two) given lattice points
Authors: Zannier Umberto
Published: April 2022

We completely characterize pairs of lattice points

P_1\neq P_2

in the plane with the property that there are infinitely many lattice points

Q

whose distance from both

P_1

and

P_2

is integral. In particular, we show that it suffices that

P_2-P_1\neq (\pm 1,\pm 2), (\pm 2,\pm 1)

, and we show that

|P_1-P_2|>\sqrt{20}

suffices for having infinitely many such

Q

outside any finite union of lines. We use only elementary arguments, the crucial ingredient being a theorem of Gauss which does not appear to be often invoked. We further include related remarks (and open questions), also for (rational and integral) distances from an arbitrary prescribed finite set of lattice points.
Around the Chevalley–Weil theorem
Authors: Corvaja Pietro , Turchet Amos , Zannier Umberto
Published: April 2022

We present a proof of the Chevalley–Weil theorem that is somewhat different from the proofs appearing in the literature and with somewhat weaker hypotheses, of purely topological type. We also provide a discussion of the assumptions, and an application to solutions of generalized Fermat equations, where our statement allows to simplify the original argument of Darmon and Granville.
Estimation of the Modulus of Hölder Metric Regularity
Authors: Xu Wending
Published: April 2022

Исследуется модуль метрической регулярности по Гeльдеру. Вводятся понятия обобщенного множества Кларка порядка $p$ и обобщенной производной по графику, с помощью которых оценивается модуль метрической регулярности по Гeльдеру. В качестве следствия основного результата получена верхняя оценка этого модуля верхним пределом внутренней нормы обратного отображения к обобщенной
производной по графику.
Поточечные условия принадлежности функций весовым классам Соболева
Authors: Bogachev Vladimir Igorevich
Published: April 2022

Согласно известной характеризации, функция $f$ принадлежит пространству Соболева $W^{p,1}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ функций, лежащих в $L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$ вместе со своими обобщенными производными первого порядка, в точности тогда, когда существует такая функция $g\in L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$, что
$$
|f(x)-f(y)|\le |x-y|(g(x)+g(y))
$$
для почти всех пар $(x,y)$. Аналог этой оценки известен также для функций из гауссовского пространства Соболева $W^{p,1}(\gamma)$ в бесконечной размерности. В этой работе доказано обратное, более того, показано, что приведенное выше неравенство влечет принадлежность подходящему пространству Соболева для широкого класс мер на конечномерных и бесконечномерных пространствах.
Evaluating risk factors of build-operate-transfer highway projects in Nigeria
Authors: Fabi J. K. , Askinseinde O. A.
Published: April 2022

Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) has been one of the preferred models of Public–Private Partnership (PPP) for attracting private finance in the Nigerian highway sector. This paper evaluates the risk factors in the Nigerian highway sector with a view to identify significant risks and drawing the attention of the stakeholders on the need to focus attention on these risks. The population for this study includes major stakeholders such as: public sector organizations (government agencies) especially those in charge of BOT/PPP projects, highway engineers, quantity surveyors, concessionaires, registered contractors and selected financial institutions who have participated in BOT projects in Lagos and Abuja, Nigeria. The list obtained from Infrastructure Concession and Regulatory Commission showed that one hundred and fifty (150) experts fall into this category in which a sample size of one hundred and ten (110) was determined. The study adopted stratified random sampling technique. One hundred and ten (110) questionnaires were administered to respondents, 72 questionnaires were valid and used for the analysis. Out of the seventy (70) risks identified, twenty-one (21) risks were rated significant by the respondents, but the most significant risk factor is interest rate volatility. Others are geotechnical conditions, exchange rate fluctuations, interest rate volatility, high cost of finance, and corruption risk and respect for rule of law etc. Majority of the significant risk factors are economy related. However, there was agreement in the rating of the respondents. The paper concluded that stakeholders should concentrate efforts on these significant risk factors to improve the BOT highway sector which has performed below expectation.
Comparative assessment of SRTM and UAV-Derived DEM in flood modelling
Authors: Adesina E. A. , Musa A. , Ajayi O. G. , Odumosu J. O. , Opaluwa Y. D. , Onuigbo I. C.
Published: April 2022

Flooding is one of the most devastating natural disasters occurring annually in many parts of the world. This study investigates the performance of DEM with different spatial resolution in flood modelling along the floodplain of Shiroro dam, Nigeria. Three different DEMs of 30 m, 15 m and 3 m spatial resolution covering the study area were investigated. The performance of the DEMs for flood modelling was evaluated with the aid of flood inundation modelling (3D analyst) tools in the ArcScene environment of ArcGIS 10.4 using results obtained from the shallow water St. Venant’s equation. The shallow water St. Venant’s equation was implemented in MATLAB software using the given river bathymetric information obtained from the dam authorities. The study determined the discharge quantity and flow velocity at some identified nodes along the river and its tributaries, thus, providing a basis for determining possible flood levels within the study area. Three flood levels were identified for each of the three used DEMs. For the original and re-sampled SRTM DEMs, the identified flood levels were 200 m, 250 m and 280 m, while for the UAV-derived DEM, 150 m, 205 m and 250 m were identified as the flood levels. Flood events covering the three identified flood levels were then simulated in ArcScene in order to estimate inundating settlements within the study area. The original 30 m and 15 m resampled resolution SRTM DEM had maximum and minimum height values of 612 m, 125 m and 585 m, 136 m respectively. In contrast, the UAV-derived DEM shows different characteristics, with maximum and minimum values of 497.22 m and 113.53 m, respectively. Further analysis showed that while the UAV derived DEM reliably predicted the flood risk situation due to its high resolution, the other two DEMs over predicted the flood risk situation of the area.
Diagnostic en vue de l’élaboration d’une stratégie municipale concertée pour l’accès à l’eau potable et l’assainissement : Cas de la commune de Kye-Ossi au Sud-Cameroun
Authors: Kanouo Boris Merlain Djousse , Tsobeng Martial Dongmo , Fonteh Mathias Fru , Sagne Joel Moumbe , Ndongsong Barthelemy Lekane , Sobze Martin Sanou
Published: April 2022

L’approvisionnement en eau potable dans de nombreuses communes Camerounaises reste un défi permanent à relever ; c’est le cas pour la commune de Kye-Ossi qui ne possède pas de réseau publique de distribution d’eau, ni un service d’assainissement. La présente étude menée dans cette ville visait à y réaliser un diagnostic de l’alimentation en eau potable et de l’assainissement de base. Pour se faire, nous avons réalisé une analyse documentaire du cadre institutionnel, des interviews semi structurés, les « focus group » et des enquêtes ménages. Il ressort de ce travail que l’insuffisance des fonds et l’absence de l’énergie électrique sont les principaux problèmes des acteurs de l’offre et la demande. 71% des populations consomment sans traiter l’eau des forages, 47% des ménages utilisent les latrines à fond perdu aménagées. Bien que 69% des ménages soient satisfaits de l’assainissement de base, 74% ne sont pas satisfaits de l’approvisionnement en eau potable. 36% des forages équipés de pompes à motricité humaine sont non fonctionnels. Tous les puits modernes sont fonctionnels. Des sept latrines publiques recensées, quatre sont privées et trois appartiennent à la commune. La mauvaise gestion et la mauvaise qualité des équipements sont les principales causes des pannes sur les ouvrages.
Household-level Fluoride reduction from drinking water using crushed fired clay – proof of concept
Authors: Wozei E. , Nasasira B. , Kugonza B.
Published: April 2022

Residents of Bunyangabu District in Uganda have reportedly suffered from cases of dental fluorosis due to consumption of water with high levels of Fluoride from Ntabago Stream. A household-level sand filter incorporating crushed fired clay as an adsorbent was designed for a household to reduce the Fluoride concentration in their drinking water from the natural raw water levels (2-3 mgF/L) to permissible, healthy levels (0.5-1.0 mg/L). Pieces of fired clay bricks were crushed, and particles of 150 μm to 300 μm in size were selectively obtained by sieving. Stream water was filtered through replicate model layered filter columns of the prepared clay, sand (fine sand of 150 μm-2 mm; coarse sand of 2-5 mm), and gravel (6-15 mm). It was found out that fired clay layers of 2.5 and 5 cm thick reduce the concentration of Fluoride in water by up to 74%, to less than 1.0 mg/L. This was deduced by evaluating Fluoride concentration in both the clay and water before and after filtration, using the SPADNS Colorimetric method. Use of crushed fired clay for reduction in Fluoride concentration in drinking water is the focus of this paper. Additional work will optimise filter design to improve overall water quality.
Prawda podstawową wartością w nauce
Authors: Hempolińska-Nowik Eunice
Published: April 2022

Truth as the Basic Value in Science

The author argues that truth is the basic value in all sciences including psychology. Respecting this value requires understanding different theories of truth, including the Aristotelian classical theory, Russell’s correspondence theory, and Tarski’s semantic theory. This is further presented and discussed in the first part of the article. In the second part, the author discusses different epistemological approaches to the correspondence between perceptual experience and reality and identifies the one favouring understanding in the science of psychology. The author further discusses and emphasises the dangers of confusing beliefs and truth in science. In the next part of the article the consequences and dangers of relativizing truth and of multiplying its subjective types are discussed. The author then refers to an approach which proposes a break with ideals in the assessment of the adequacy of assertions made by social sciences. The author outlines the difference between the concepts of idea and ideal and their roles in psychology. Finally, the author discusses and opposes irrationalism in science, outlining the importance of safeguarding the value of truth in order to achieve the goals set by psychology.
W stronę obiektywności wartości. Odpowiedź na komentarze
Authors: Niemczyński Adam
Published: April 2022

Towards Objectivity of Values. A Response to Comments Beyond immediate references to the introductory paper, one may find in the commentaries a set of other interesting issues. They are left to another occasion, since the focus here is on remarks inviting further elaboration on the main theses’ clarification and grounding. It goes in three directions, to (i) clarify the difference between a rejection of British empiricism as a misleading theory of human cognition and a postulate to replace it with an adequate theory of cognitive reference to the truth of believes about the objects of experience in the world of human culture and civilization, (ii) dismiss from the theory of human knowledge the belief in the construction of mind-representations of the objects of cognition, and to focus instead on the relation of reference in judgments to the independent objects of knowledge within the human world, and (iii) to ground the objective status of the ideal of truth and the other values within the world of culture and civilization arrangements.
Peran Net Interest Margin Dalam Memediasi Hubungan Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Return On Asset
Authors: Purnamasari Puji Endah , Renanda Intan Iriana
Published: April 2022

This research aims to show the effect of capital adequacy ratio (CAR), non-performing financing (NPF), and operating costs of operating income (OCOI) on return on assets (ROA) with net interest margin (NIM) as an intervening variable. This quantitative research uses secondary data in panel data with a purposive sampling technique. The sample used was five Islamic commercial banks (ICB) registered with the Financial Services Authority (FSA) from 2016 to 2020. Data analysis uses descriptive, stationary, regression, classical assumptions, and path analysis. This research shows that CAR, NPF, and OCOI partially do not affect NIM. CAR has a positive and significant effect on ROA. OCOI has a negative effect on ROA. NPF does not affect ROA. NIM has a positive and significant effect on ROA. NIM cannot mediate the effect of CAR on ROA. However, NIM can mediate the effect of NPF and OCOI on ROA. This research complements existing theories and can be used to reference ICB in improving performance.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PESSOAS COM 50 ANOS OU MAIS EM TRATAMENTO COM ANTIRRETROVIRAL
Authors: Buss De Marchi Marília , Gnoatto Fernanda Regina , Renz Pretto Carolina , Hübner Freitas Paula , De Oliveira Freitas Etiane , Marion da Silva Rosângela
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade de vida de pessoas com 50 anos e mais vivendo com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana/Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida, em uso de terapia antirretroviral, e correlacioná-la às variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Métodos: estudo transversal desenvolvido de junho a setembro de 2017 em um Hospital Universitário, com 50 pessoas com diagnóstico de HIV. Utilizados questionários sociodemográficos, clínico, HIV/Aids – Quality of Life e informações de sistema eletrônico institucional. Dados analisados com estatística descritiva e analítica. Resultados: dos participantes, 62% eram homens e 82,0% heterossexuais. Maior comprometimento da qualidade de vida relacionado às preocupações com o sigilo, financeiras e aceitação do HIV. Ser mulher, possuir companheiro, idade mais jovem, trabalhar e apresentar níveis adequados de linfócitos T CD4+ se mostraram positivos. Conclusão: a qualidade de vida das pessoas usando antirretroviral pode ser impactada negativamente por fatores de ordem psicoemocional e econômico-financeiros e positivamente por alguns fatores clínicos e sociodemográficos.
EXPERIÊNCIAS E ESTRATÉGIAS UTILIZADAS POR BANCÁRIOS NO ATENDIMENTO AO PÚBLICO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Santiago Ribeiro Beatriz Maria dos Santos , Vladimir Araújo da Silva  , Rita de Cássia de Marchi Barcelos Dalri
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Descrever as experiências e estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas por bancários durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada em uma agência bancária pública do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados individualmente por meio de um formulário sociodemográfico e de um roteiro de entrevista. As entrevistas foram previamente agendadas por meio de ligação telefônica, mensagem de WhatsApp ou via e-mail; sendo realizadas em ambiente reservado na agência bancária ou no próprio domicílio dos participantes. Resultados: Participaram do estudo seis bancários e das respostas emergiram duas categorias temáticas: Sentindo o impacto da sobrecarga de trabalho decorrente da Pandemia de COVID-19 e Adaptando-se à demandas do trabalho durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Considerações finais: Os bancários relataram experiências desgastantes e estressantes, relacionadas à sentimentos negativos como raiva, medo e tristeza. As estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas referiram-se à implementação de ações organizativas, educativas, de biossegurança e espirituais.