bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical model of the clutch of the Volkswagen Polo Sedan as an object of diagnosis
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Technical University, Borysiuk Dmytro
Published: July 2021

When designing a car, designers must find a compromise between the dynamism and economy of the car, on the one hand, and reliability and safety - on the other. The first problem is solved mainly by reducing the weight of the car by optimizing the design and reducing strength reserves, and the second - by increasing the strength and durability of structural elements. Reliability of units of cars is the maximum at work on steady modes that confirms experience of their operation. It is known that in the conditions of country routes on good roads reliability of cars is essentially higher, than at operation within the city. In cities, unstable modes of operation of car units are caused, first of all, by frequent stops and subsequent accelerations due to the presence of traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, railway crossings, traffic jams, steep ascents and descents on car routes, etc. All this necessitates frequent braking, shifting gears and moving. These circumstances lead to an increase in the dynamic load of the vehicle units and, as a consequence, to the intensification of the processes of wear of the friction pairs of the clutch discs, gears and cardan gears, and so on. All the factors that reduce the reliability of car units in urban conditions are particularly evident in the example of buses and taxis with a manual transmission. According to some data, the share of failures of mechanical transmission units of such cars is 19 ... 23% of all failures. During intensive operation of the car, various clutch malfunctions can occur. There are malfunctions of the actual clutch and malfunction of the clutch drive. Coupling defects occur not only due to intensive operation, but also due to violations of operating rules. Currently, clutch failures are mainly diagnosed by external signs. However, one external feature may correspond to several clutch failures. Thus, the process of determining the technical condition of the clutch of vehicles is an urgent scientific and technical task. A mathematical model of the clutch of the Volkswagen Polo Sedan as an object of diagnosis are presents in the article. A matrix for diagnosing the clutch of a Volkswagen Polo Sedan and a block diagram of its synthesis have been built.
Assessment of vehicle brake control functional stability
Authors:   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Volkov Volodymyr , Gritsuk Igor ,   Kherson State Maritime Academy, Volkova Tetiana ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Kuzhel Volodymyr ,   Vinnytsia National Technical University, Berezhna Nataliya ,   Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture
Published: July 2021

As you know, a radical means to prevent skidding of the vehicle (TK) during braking is the use of such integrated automatic active safety systems as anti-lock braking system (ABS), emergency brake booster, traction control system (TRC), electronic brake force distribution system EBD), stability control system (VSC), tire pressure monitoring system (TPWS), electronic control brake system (ECB), electric power steering (EPS), integrated dynamic vehicle control system (VDIM). Also, the stable position of the vehicle when driving on the road is provided by a set of automatic devices (for example dynamic stabilization system, anti-lock and anti-slip systems, etc.). Most of the cases of violation of the stable position of the vehicle on the road are related to the process of its braking. The article considers an alternative approach to stabilizing the position of the vehicle on the road during braking due to another approach to the management of its braking system. The mathematical description and schemes of position of the vehicle in the course of braking are offered. The stability of the position of the vehicle is ensured by braking the rear wheels, or braking one of the rear wheels (internal in relation to the direction of skidding), due to the system of dynamic stabilization of the course angle. Braking of the rear wheels during the initial skidding during braking allows you to stabilize the course angle of the vehicle (with full braking of the rear wheels, the stabilization time is minimal). This significantly reduces the braking efficiency of the vehicle, as only the front wheels are brake. Braking of only one rear wheel allows to provide identical duration of transition process at the highest efficiency of braking of the vehicle. On the example of a conventional vehicle, a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the methods of dynamic stabilization of the course angle by braking one and two rear wheels.
The influence of some design parameters on the heat transfer in thermal fuel flowmeter
Authors:   State University «Zhytomyr Polytechnic», Ilchenko Andriy
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the influence, relationship and value of design parameters of the heat flow meter on its radial and axial heat fluxes in the tube (tube diameter, heater diameter and their ratio, thermal conductivity of the tube material, etc.). It is shown that at the stage of choosing the design parameters of the flowmeter it is necessary to take into account the influence of its radial heat flux on the axial one. The influence of radial heat flux in the flowmeter tube on the error of fuel loss measurement is substantiated. Analytical dependences which allow to define an axial heat stream are resulted, their analysis concerning influence of flowmeter tube constructive parameters on heat transfer is carried out. Measures are planned and recommendations are developed for the choice of design flowmeter parameters, development or use, provided that the influence of radial heat flow on the axial is reduced, which will reduce the total error of fuel consumption measurement. Regarding the choice of design parameters of heat meters while reducing the error of measuring fuel consumption, it is shown that the maximum possible decrease in the diameter of the heater and increase the diameter of the flow tube reduce the impact of radial heat flow on the axial and thus reduce the total fuel consumption error. Numerical ratios of tube diameter to flowmeter heater diameter for different thermal conductivities of tube materials are given under the condition of minimal influence on fuel consumption measurement error. For tube materials with a thermal conductivity 0.16… 0.25 W / (m ∙ K) (ebonite, fluoroplastic F-5, etc.) the tube diameters ratio and the heater should be within 1.51… 1.62, and for materials with more high thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity greater than 14.9 W / (m ∙ K)), this ratio should be equal to 1.99.
Estimation of the accuracy of measuring vehicle parameters on the stand with running drums
Authors:   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Krivoshapov Sergey , Zuyev Vladimir ,   Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University, Kashkanov Vitaliy ,   Vinnytsia National Technical University
Published: July 2021

Fuel efficiency is one of the indicators for evaluating the efficiency of rolling stock. The article discusses the main reasons that determine the need to assess the fuel efficiency of road vehicles during their operation. An analysis of recommendations for the accuracy of measuring vehicle parameters in regulatory documents was given. The goal of the work was formulated, which is to develop measures to improve the accuracy of measurements during bench tests of cars. The main features of measuring fuel consumption on a simulation stand with running drums were considered. Formulas for calculating fuel travel on the road and on the stand with running drums were presented. A criterion for the similarity of road and bench tests for the fuel efficiency of a car was determined. The factors that influence the measurement of fuel consumption were considered. The general measuring scheme of the simulation bench was drawn up. The components of the load-speed modes for the stand operation were analyzed. A metrological assessment was made of the equipment used to measure the torque and rotation speed of the drive shaft of the running drums. A diagram of the calibration process of a strain gauge beam was given, which is used to measure the torque on the running drums of the stand and the wheels of a car. An assessment was made of the regularity of the change in the output channel of the measuring signal from the torque. The characteristic of the relative error was obtained for two ranges of load measurements. The influence of the frequency and number of successive measurements on the convergence of the accuracy of determining the fuel consumption, speed and load of the vehicle during bench tests was established. The optimal measurement time was obtained with an acceptable accuracy. The general dependence of the total error in measuring fuel consumption on a stand with running drums was obtained, taking into account the accuracy of measuring, processing and sampling the signal. The influence of the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital conversion on the measurement accuracy was assessed. Conclusions and recommendations were developed, which indicated the main avenues for further research.
MODELOS DE DESEMPENHO, CONFIABILIDADE E DISPONIBILIDADE PARA O PLANEJAMENTO DE SISTEMAS DE TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO
Authors: Renata Cristine de Sá Pedrosa Dantas , Jamilson Ramalho Dantas , Paulo Romero Martins Maciel
Published: July 2021

Grandes cidades têm, cada vez mais, enfrentado problemas devido ao grande volume de veículos, o qual acarreta engarrafamentos e, consequentemente, perda de tempo e dinheiro, devido a falta de mobilidade urbana. Este livro desenvolve uma solução integrada, composta por modelos de desempenho, confiabilidade, disponibilidade e performabilidade para o planejamento de Sistema de Transporte Urbano de Média Prioridade (STUMP), com prioridade para a concorrência com os veículos na via. Se apresenta como um instrumento para melhorar os sistemas de forma contínua, servindo como apoio em processos de planejamento de Sistemas de Transporte.
FATF and Terror Financing: The Perspective of Pakistan
Authors: Gul Shabnam , Asghar Muhammad Faizan , Ali Shujat
Published: July 2021

There is a plethora of international organizations that has been formed to maintain peace in the world. FATF is such an organization that has been formed in order to scrutinize and control the menace of money laundering and that of the terror financing. In a third world state like Pakistan where there is dearth of transparent mechanisms of money transfers and where there is no rule of law, it has become easy for the individuals to carry out the illicit activities like money laundering (Dube and Vargas, 2013). Pakistan has been in the grey list from the last few years and it has dramatically affected the economy of Pakistan. Pakistan has established a number of centralized mechanisms that are, without a doubt, on the correct track for monitoring the financial transaction system, which is currently very near to meet the certain much needed criteria for finding and freezing the founded and highlighted money laundering cases and that of the terrorist financing.
A Theoretical Understanding of Cooperative Learning Techniques in Education
Authors: Shah Zahir , Shah Jamal , Ayaz Khadija
Published: July 2021

Education is one of the main pillars on which the development of a nation depends. This fact necessitates research in the education sector of a state to make it capable of copping with the challenges of the modern age. Traditional methods of learning have been incapable in this regard. Cooperative Learning Techniques is an innovative teaching methodology for promoting the academic achievements of the students. Cooperative Promoting students' participation in class through a Cooperative Learning environment needs a variety of research studies in the effectiveness of Cooperative Learning Techniques. Educational institutions in the developed states make effective use of Cooperative Learning Techniques to enhance students' participation and their academic achievements. The major objective of this research study is to give a theoretical understanding of the various aspects of Cooperative Learning Techniques. The paper shows that effective Cooperative Learning can be realized only if its basic elements are carefully implemented. The paper also gives some policy recommendations.
Numerical Model of Eddy Current Inspection with DC Magnetic Field Associated
Authors: Rocha J.V. , Camerini C. , Santos R.W.F. , Silva V.M. , Campos Lucas B. , Pereira G.R.
Published: July 2021

Most non-destructive techniques can be well represented in a virtual environment, in particular, eddy current testing (ECT) simulation is a useful and well-established tool to predict and represent real inspection situations permitting testing customization in a fast, cheap and efficient way. Conventional ECT generally works with low-intensity magnetic fields, however, for advanced variations of the technique, where external DC magnetic fields can be applied to locally decrease the magnetic permeability, there is no Finite Element Method (FEM) packages available to deal with such nonstandard model. Many authors [1] and [2] have presented this ECT solution for different industrial applications using external DC magnetization to carry nonlinear ferromagnetic materials to the saturation level of the magnetization curve to increase the ECT depth penetration. In general, ECT modelling calculation is benefited by properties of steady-state regime where all magnetic fields are oscillating at the same frequency not permitting through multi-frequency calculation. The present work proposes a simulation solution for such a case where DC magnetic field is associated with ECT. A theoretical model is presented together with experimental results validation.
Development of Module Sharaf Using a Deductive Approach in The Diniyyah Putri Lampung Boarding School
Authors: Kesuma Mezan El-Khaeri , Octafiona Era , Sari Reni Puspita
Published: July 2021

This research aims (1) to produce a sharaf module on fi’l mujarrad and fi’l mazid’s material with a deductive approach that can be used as teaching material later, and (2) to test the feasibility of the product so it can be used effectively and efficiently. This research adopted the development research of Borg and Gall. This research was conducted at Diniyyah Putri Lampung Islamic Boarding School (PonPes), located in Negri Sakti Village, Gedong Tataan District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province. The deductive approach in this module starts with the provision of rules that must be understood and memorized. Examples are given. After that, the students have been allowed to do exercises to apply the rules or formulas that have been given. Through seven stages of development, the researcher produced a product in the form of a sharaf module with a deductive approach at Ponpes Diniyyah Putri Lampung. The use of products in Sharaf modules developed in this study can make it easier for students to follow Sharaf subjects, especially in fi'l mujarrad and fi'l mazid materials, until students master the ability of qowa'id Sharaf.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Di Indonesia Pada Era Revolusi Teknologi Tak Terbatas (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, And Threats)
Authors: Tolinggi Syindi Oktaviani R.
Published: July 2021

Technology comes to facilitate all matters and needs. Still, on the one hand, this technological revolution does not always and forever provide positive opportunities, but can also pose a threat to several aspects, not least in learning Arabic. Therefore, the purpose of writing this type of library research article is to provide an overview of the challenges faced by Arabic, strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities that can be realized through learning Arabic in this era of unlimited technological revolution, especially in universities that will produce human resources to compete and meet the challenges and demands of technological development and globalization in the Arabic language field. The results of writing this article are, learning Arabic in Indonesia in the era of the infinite technological revolution has many challenges and demands to experience innovation in its components, such as the direction and objectives of learning, curriculum, materials, methodologies used, media, forms and how to evaluate, as well as educators. Based on this technological revolution, the Arabic language can also realize great opportunities both for employment Arabic graduates and for the existence of Arabic itself. Although on the other hand, due to irresponsible elements, the development of technology towards the world of Arabic learning raises several threats and weaknesses that must be constantly addressed.
Nilai Teologi Islam: Telaah Materi Ajar Bahasa Arab Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Aflisia Noza , E.Q Nurwadjah Ahmad , Suhartini Andewi
Published: July 2021

The importance of integrating and internalizing religious values ​​in education, especially Arabic learning, is interesting to study. So that the Arabic learning paradigm, which at first glance only focuses on cognitive and psychomotor aspects, is missing from the mental side of educators and students. This study aims to identify and analyze the value of Islamic theology in Arabic teaching materials at Madrasah Tsanawiyah. So that it can raise awareness of these religious values and serious attention to this through exploration and implementation in learning Arabic, this study will become a reference for policyholders related to Arabic teaching materials in evaluating and improving the quality of Arabic learning at Madrasah Tsanawiyah. This library research was carried out by collecting data, understanding the characteristics of Arabic teaching materials at Madrasah Tsanawiyah, analyzing and identifying the theological values ​​ in the content of teaching materials, and conducting verification and inferences. The study results reveal the importance of Islamic theology in the Arabic teaching materials of Madrasah Tsanawiyah. Includes the unity of the people, loving nature, forming a happy family, protecting oneself from danger and misery, studying, loving others, tauhid, aqidah, faith, sincerity, purity, and love the weak.
Pengajaran Bahasa Arab Dengan Pendekatan Behavioristik
Authors: Akla Akla
Published: July 2021

This study implicitly describes the participatory learning process of Arabic with a behavioristic approach. The research questions formulated are (1) how does the use of a behavioristic approach take place in the Arabic language learning process? (2) how the students' motivation before and after the use of a behavioristic approach; and (3) how effective is the use of a behavioristic approach in improving Arabic learning outcomes. This study uses a combined research approach to test learning competencies and the learning process. Respondents of the study were students of class V and VI Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al Imam Lampung Timur totaling 35 students. The instruments used in this study were interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The results showed that the use of a behavioristic approach that was oriented towards providing stimulus-response continuously improved students' language acquisition. This acquisition is in the form of increased mastery of vocabulary, speaking, reading, and writing. A behavioristic approach to learning can improve Arabic learning outcomes. In addition to improving learning outcomes, a behavioristic approach can increase learning motivation. The increase in learning outcomes and learning motivation can be predicted because the behavioristic approach uses a pattern of repeated stimulus that is designed in a pleasant environment.
"Doppler De-boosting" and the Observation of "Standard Candles" in Cosmology
Authors:   Shiny World Corporation, Concord, ON, Canada L4K 0C0, Zilberman Mark
Published: July 2021

“Doppler boosting” is a well-known relativistic effect that alters the apparent luminosity of approaching radiation sources. “Doppler de-boosting” is the same relativistic effect observed but for receding light sources (e.g. relativistic jets of AGN and GRB). “Doppler boosting” alters the apparent luminosity of approaching light sources to appear brighter, while “Doppler de-boosting” alters the apparent luminosity of receding light sources to appear fainter. While “Doppler de-boosting” has been successfully accounted for and observed in relativistic jets of AGN, it was ignored in the establishment of Standard candles for cosmological distances. A Standard Candle adjustment of Z>0.1 is necessary for “Doppler de-boosting”, otherwise we would incorrectly assume that Standard Candles appear dimmer, not because of “Doppler de-boosting” but because of the excessive distance, which would affect the entire Standard Candles ladder at cosmological distances. The ratio between apparent (L) and intrinsic (Lo) luminosities as a function of the redshift Z and spectral index α is given by the formula ℳ(Z) = L/Lo=(Z+1)α -3 and for Type Ia supernova appears as ℳ(Z) = L/Lo=(Z+1)-2. “Doppler de-boosting” may also explain the anomalously low luminosity of objects with a high Z without the introduction of an accelerated expansion of the Universe and Dark Energy.
The Roles of Pesantren and Madrasah in Modern Society
Authors: Mujib Abdul , Yunita Yuyun , Bachri Syabbul
Published: July 2021

Pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) have an independent structured learning model. The learning process is carried out informally with the sorogan and bandongan methods, which take place every day. Pesantren and Madrasah (Islamic school) are religious educational institutions managed by organizations or independently to strengthen Islam in society. There are two main strategic roles of Pesantren and Madrasah; to produce a cadre of scholars who study religion and educate students to know science, be skilled, and care about social issues. In modern developments, the demands of the role of Pesantren and Madrasah are increasingly complex. Socio-economic problems that occur in society, such as disintegration, poverty, and moral decline, are increasingly open and rampant in society and can be minimized by the presence of Pesantren and Madrasah. Therefore, Pesantren and Madrasah are expected not only to be able to solve problems related to religious beliefs but also to be involved in solving social problems.
A Study on Direct Corrective Feedback in Improving Students' Writing Performance and Motivation at MTs YP KH Syamsuddin Ponorogo
Authors: Agustiningsih Novika , Andriani Fenty
Published: July 2021

This research is aimed to foster students’ motivation in improving writing performance by implementing direct corrective feedback. Direct error correction identifies both the error and the target form. Providing corrective feedback is an essential part of language learning because it influences students’ learning and achievement. Feedback helps both teachers and students to meet their goals in teaching and learning. Feedback and motivation are two perceptions which control the students’ English as foreign language improvement and progress in learning. This research applied a descriptive qualitative research method. Data gathered through observation, interview, questionnaire, and relevant documents. The research was conducted in the seventh C grade of MTs YP KH Syamsuddin Ponorogo. Thirty five students participated in this research by filling out a questionnaire, and interviewed to obtain more information related to their responses to the questionnaire. The finding of this research indicates that the implementation of direct corrective feedback in improving students’ writing performance and motivation in writing teaching learning process was divided into two ways: oral and written. There was also such improvement on students’ motivation. The students’ responses toward the implementation of direct corrective feedback in improving the students’ writing performance were positive because it made them feel comfort in the learning process.
Overlapping Duty of Parents in Distance Learning During Pandemic and Its Impact on Child's Psyche at TK Al-Amanah Campor Barat Ambunten Sumenep
Authors: Naqiyah Barratun , Ja’far Handoko
Published: July 2021

This article aims to determine the impact of overlapping parental duties during the pandemic on the psychological condition of children in Distance Learning, based on the results of interviews and observations of students and their guardians at Al-Amanah Campor Barat Kindergarten, Ambunten Sumenep. This article identifies the overlapping duties of parents, namely studying children's school assignments, motivating the children to learn, finding a stable internet network, and providing the monthly internet quotas. Furthermore, the overlapping of parental duties during distance learning has a negative impact on the child's psyche. The indicator is that children feel bored and even cry, because often parents are impatient and yell at them during the implementation of distance learning.
Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic from the Perspective of Parsons’ Structural Functional Theory
Authors: Rohati Ellya , Anshori Isa , Hazin Mufarrihul
Published: July 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic results social changes significantly in the world of education, from offline learning to online learning. In order not to experience cultural lag, this article offers a functional structural theory initiated by Talcott Parsons to examine the implementation of online learning, through the AGIL (Adaptation, Goal Attainment, Integration, Latency) scheme. This article recommends to all involved and interested parties to immediately adapt to online learning, so that the online learning can meet the educational and learning objectives that have been proclaimed. Therefore, integration between three educational centres is needed, such as school, families and communities; so that education as a cultural pattern inherent in Indonesian society is maintained even during the Covid-19 pandemic. More than that, the implementation of online learning must maintain a new cultural pattern during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely complying with health protocol standards.
Comparison of Omega-3 Serum Level Between Hiv-Aids Patients Along with Their Clinical Profiles and Healthy Population in Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang
Authors: Handayani Lidiawati , Hudari Harun , Eddy Mart Salim  , Erial Bahar  , Nova Kurniati  , Zulkhair Ali  , Ferry Usnizar
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection has been a concerning health problem worldwide. It causes reduction in body immune system and inflammation that can affect its clinical profile. Undergoing ARV therapy patients causes intestine microbiota dysbiosis and translocation that lead to imperfect absorbtion of fatty acid. One way to control microbiota dysbiosis is by controlling the nutritional factor, especially with omega-3. However, different regions upstands different custom in fish consumption especially those of which are rich in omega-3. The purpose of this research is to compare omega-3 serum level between HIV-AIDS patients and healthy population, as well as analyzing the correlation of omega-3 serum level with of HIV-AIDS patient clinical profile.Methods. The research will be applying observational analytic study using comparative study approach which will be performed in Tropical Infection Internal Medicine polyclinic and Medical Check-Up Polyclinic in RSMH Palembang starting from April 2020 until January 2021. Sample consisted of 32 HIV-AIDS patients from 20-58 years of age and 16 healthy population from 27-35 years of age on whom will be performed physical examination as well as clinical profile and omega-3 serum level examination. All data processing and analysis will be performed using SPSS v.25 for windows.Results. Out of 32 HIV-AIDS patients, we obtained low omega-3 serum level with median value at 3 (2-4) Umol/L, while in healthy population was 4 (3-6) Umol/L. Multivariate analysis inferred that the lower omega-3 serum level correlated with HIV-AIDS stage, duration of ARV therapy, blood pressure, and sex.Conclusion. Omega-3 serum levels in HIV-AIDS patients were lower than the healthy population. There was a correlation between omega-3 serum levels and their clinical profile of HIV-AIDS patients in Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang.
A study of metabolic syndrome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients attending out-patient department of a medical college
Authors:   Department of Physiology, JNMC, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh , India, Waseem Shah Mohammad Abbas , Islam Najmul ,   Department of Physiology, JNMC, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh , India
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) occurs as co-morbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and requires evaluation. Methods: MetS was studied in 336 patients of COPD (NCP-ATP III guidelines). TNF-α, IL-6 and C reactive protein were analysed. Patients were divided into metabolic (n=89) and non-MetS (n=247) groups and further divided into mild to very severe COPD category as per Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Results: The 89 patients (26.49%) had MetS. Waist hip ratio (WHR) was more in 80.89% (72/89). Triglycerides and HDL derangements were found in 63 and 75 patients. Fasting blood glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure criterion were met by 58 (65.17 %), 20 (22.47%) and 32 (35.95%) patients respectively. In non-MetS group, the derangement in above parameters were found in 41, 53, 109, 47, 43 and 46 patients respectively. Compared to MetS group, significant difference was found in WHR, lipid profile and blood pressure. Significant difference was found in waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL, fasting blood glucose and diastolic blood pressure between COPD groups with and without MetS. Moderate COPD patients had highest MetS. Difference in results as per severity of disease was found to be non-significant. Inflammatory markers between COPD groups with and without MetS were non-significant with levels more in latter group. Within COPD group (as per severity of disease) with MetS their levels were significantly raised. Conclusion: MetS occurs as co-morbidity in COPD and requires evaluation which will help in better management and prevent cardio metabolic complications.
Short-term regular moderate exercise improved male hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function via the reduction of hypothalamic neurokinin B expression in adult rats
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran, Khajehnasiri Nazli , Khazali Homayoun ,   Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, Sheikhzadeh Hesari, Farzam ,   Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, Sadeghnia Hamid Reza ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Mehrpour Omid ,   Arizona Poison & Drug Information Center, University of Arizona, College of Pharmacy and University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Sadeghian Reihaneh ,   Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
Published: July 2021

Introduction: In the arcuate nucleus, kisspeptin, neurokinin-B and pro-dynorphin (KNDy) neurons control the function of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. Early investigations indicated that exercise with various intensities affects luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) in different ways. Meanwhile the molecular mechanisms underlying its function not yet been fully understood. Accordingly, the present study evaluated the role of alterations in the levels of KNDy mRNA upstream of GnRH neurons in conveying the effects of various short-term exercise intensities on the male hypothermic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Methods: Twenty-one adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, one-month regular moderate exercise (ME) and one-month regular intensive exercise (IE). In ME (22m/min) and IE (35m/min) groups, the rats were treated 5 days a week for 60min each day. Finally, we assessed serum levels of LH and T using the ELIZA technique and KNDy and Gnrh mRNA expression by the real-time PCR method. Results: The results revealed that in ME group the expression of Nkb was reduced and the expression of Gnrh mRNA and the LH and T serum levels were increased. However, intensive exercise did not change the serum levels of LH and T or the relative expression of kiss1, Nkb, Pdyn and Gnrh genes. Conclusion: The results suggested that monthly moderate exercise improved male reproductive axis function, while intensive exercise did not have an adverse effect on the reproductive axis. These various effects on the male HPG axis may be propagated by the change in hypothalamic Nkb gene expression.
Silymarin reduced cisplatin-induced hyperalgesia bysuppressing oxidative stress in male rats
Authors:   Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Mohajjel Nayebi Alireza , Hashemian Ali ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Rezazadeh Hassan ,   Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Charkhpour Mohammad ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Fekri Kiarash ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Haddadi Rasool ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Cisplatin is an antineoplastic agent which is used in treatment of various cancers. However its clinical use is associated with oxidative stress-mediated neuropathic pain. This research aimed to explore the effect of silymarin on cisplatin-induced hyperalgesia (CIH) and oxidative stress biomarkers in male rats. Methods: Fifty-six male rats were allocated into seven equal groups. Hyperalgesia was caused by intraperitoneal single dose administration of cisplatin (1mg/kg) and assessed by utilizing tail-flick method. The impact of silymarin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day for 15 days) on CIH was investigated on days 1, 5, 10 and 15. Blood samples were collected to assess malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant status (TAS) on day fifteen. Results: Single dose injection of cisplatin (1mg/kg) could cause a significant hyperalgesia on days 5, 10 and 15. CIH was abolished by daily administration of silymarin (50 and 100mg/kg) on days 10 and 15. Serum MDA level was decreased in cisplatin and silymarin (100 mg/kg) co-treated rats, while there was an increase in GPx, SOD as well as TAS parameters. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that silymarin prevents from CIH possibly by improving lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress biomarkers. Other clinical studies should be performed to establish possible use of silymarin for treatment of CIH in susceptible individuals.
Pemanfaatan Moringa oleifera sebagai Produk Olahan Sehat dan Bernilai Ekonomis bagi Masyarakat di Kecamatan Ratu Samban Kota Bengkulu di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Belladona Meilani , Waliamin Janusi
Published: July 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic era greatly affected the economy of residents in Ratu Samban District, Bengkulu City, Bengkulu Province. The problems encountered are that family’s income is very dependent on the business run by residents and the narrow yard of the house becomes an obstacle for residents to plant various types of plants that can be sold. The purpose of this service was to increase the knowledge of citizens to find new sources of income from the Moringa plant (Bengkulu local language: Remunggai) so that they were skilled in processing the remunggai plant to be useful and of economic value for the community. The method used was counseling about the remunggai plant and training in making processed products from the remunggai leaves. The products produced of this activity were roll cakes and remunggai candy which could be consumed by themselves or sold to earn additional income. The knowledge of residents about the remunggai plant has increased and the skills of residents in making processed products have also increased so that it was expected to increase people's income.
Peningkatan Kualitas dan Kuantitas Biji Kakao Melalui Intensifikasi Perawatan Kakao, Introduksi Alat Budidaya, dan Pengering Sistem Hybrid
Authors: Yunindanova Mercy Bientri , Muhammad Dimas Rahadian Aji , Prabawa Sigit
Published: July 2021

Putat village, Patuk district, Gunung Kidul regency is one of cocoa production center in Yogjakarta. Cocoa bean products in this region have been marketed not only in Yogjakarta but also several areas in Indonesia. In order to support production continuity of cocoa bean productions, to date the farmers face obtacles in cacao plantation maintenance and cocoa beans drying. Thus, this activity aimed to increase quality and quantity of cocoa beans through maintenance intensifications of cacao and introduction of cacao cultivation equipments and cocoa beans drying hybrid system. Partner in this activities were Kelompok Tani Kakao Sido Dadi and cocoa dan chocolate production industry “Joglo Coklat” located in Patuk, Gunung Kidul, Yogjakarta. The activities were conducted in several stages including 1) basic data collection, 2) socialization of cacao plantation maintenance, 3) socialization of cocoa beans drying, 4) introduction of cultivation equipments, 5) contruction of drying chamber, 6) handover of equipment, and 7) evaluation of parnter response. The results of the activity indicated that the provision of information and the introduction of equipment for cacao plant maintenance activities had a positive impact on partners. From the questionnaires, the partners stated the benefits of this activity and the desire for sustainable activities. The introduction of maintenance equipment and cocoa beans drying made it easier for farmers to carry out cultivation, harvest and post-harvest activities of cocoa beans so would be able to improve the quality and quantity of cocoa beans.
Pemanfaatan Pelepah Sawit dan Kotoran Ayam Ras untuk Pembuatan Pupuk Bokashi pada Kelompok Wanita Tani Padang Baru Babatan, Seluma, Bengkulu
Authors: Nurlianti Nurlianti , Prihanani Prihanani
Published: July 2021

The Utilization of Oil Palm Midrib-leaf and Chicken Manure for Making Bokashi Fertilizer in the Women's Farmers Group Padang Baru Babatan, Seluma, Bengkulu

The purpose of the community service program is to utilize agricultural waste, namely oil palm midrib-leaf and chicken manure which are often found in this Babatan Village, Sukaraja Subdistrict, Seluma Regency, Bengkulu. In addition, this program was aimed to increase knowledge and skill to produce bokashi fertilizer with raw materials found around them. The methods used were lecture, demonstration plots, and mentoring. The results of the activity were the increasing of family income by making bokashi utilizing waste raw materials around their lives, namely bokashi made from palm fronds and broiler chicken waste that is ready to be sold. In limited quantities, they have been able to sell their products to meet the needs of other farmer groups or the general public in need.
Pemanfaatan Sampah Organik dalam Produksi Pupuk Bokashi di Gabungan Kelompok Tani Rinjani Kecamatan Singaran Pati Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Andriani Evi , Wahyudi Jusuf , Elfianty Lena , Widawati Lina
Published: July 2021

The Use of Organic Waste in Bokashi Fertilizer Production at Farmers' Group Association of Rinjani in Singaran Pati District, Bengkulu City

The continuous use of inorganic fertilizers by farmers results in disturbed soil fertility and nutrient deficiencies. So far, farmers' group association of Rinjani has also used inorganic fertilizers, which are quite expensive. Therefore, the purpose of this community service was to educate farmers on the farmers' group association of Rinjani on how to utilize organic waste from the surrounding environment to be processed into bokashi fertilizer. The ingredients used were leftover vegetables, fruits and dried leave. The Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) was used as decomposer to speed up the composting process. The process of making bokashi fertilizer from vegetable and fruit waste was running smoothly. The bokashi obtained was very good. This was indicated by the characteristic of blackish brown color, crumb texture and has an odor like the smell of earth in general.
Computational Personalized Medicine in Cancer Research in the -Omics Data Era
Authors: Hậu Lê Đức , Nguyen Quynh Diep
Published: July 2021

Omics data (e.g., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, etc . . . ) generated from high-throughputnext-generation sequencers in the big human genome, andcancer genome projects have changed the way to studypersonalized medicine. In the future, personalized medicinewill not be limited to diagnosis and treatment based on afew known disease-associated mutations on some genes, butwill rely on whole molecular characteristics of patients byintegrating their –omics data. In this study, we draw a bigpicture of personalized medicine research in cancer researchof the –omics data era, including –omics databases, challengesof data fusion to solve two major problems in personalizedmedicine, i.e., personalized diagnosis and treatment. Theseproblems are approached as patient stratification and drugresponse prediction based on the –omics data by computational methods.
Data Geometry and Extreme Value Distribution
Authors: Cisse Mamadou , Diop Aliou , Bognini Souleymane , ALAHASSA Nonvikan Karl-Augustt
Published: July 2021

In extreme values theory, there exist two approaches about data treatment: block maxima and peaks-over-threshold (POT) methods, which take in account data over a fixed value. But, those approaches are limited. We show that if a certain geometry is modeled with stochastic graphs, probabilities computed with Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) Distribution can be deflated. In other words, taking data geometry in account change extremes distribution. Otherwise, it appears that if the density characterizing the states space of data system is uniform, and if the quantile studied is positive, then the Weibull distribution is insensitive to data geometry, when it is an area attraction, and the Fréchet distribution becomes the less inflationary.
Character Education Value Content in a Collection of Short Stories Compass 2018 Doa yang Terapung
Authors: Miftahurrisqi Prasasto , Suyitno  , Sumarwati
Published: July 2021

Character education can be instilled in various ways. One of them is through literature. Literature itself is very diverse until now. Among young people, one of the works that have a lot of interest is short stories (short stories), because a short story contains interesting stories to read. In addition, the work also contains a message about positive things. This study aims to describe the value of character education in the collection of short stories Compass 2018 Doa Yang Terapung. Research is included in qualitative research. The method in this study uses descriptive qualitative. The data source in this study is a collection of short stories from Compass 2018 Doa Yang Terapung. Data collection in this study was carried out by reading and understanding short stories and recording data containing the value of character education in the 2018 Compass short story collection Doa Yang Terapung. Data analysis in this study uses the Miles and Huberman flow model, namely data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results of this study indicate the values of character education in the 2018 Kompas short story collection Doa Yang Terapung, among others a) the value of religious character education (the value of religious character praying to God, the value of religious character accepting destiny, the value of religious character believing & surrendering to God's destiny; b) the value of nationalist character education (the value of nationalist character, the spirit of heroism, the value of nationalist character). willing to sacrifice for his family, and c) the value of independent character education (character values of a good work ethic, professional character values, creative character values).
DILEMA USAHA RASIONAL WIRAUSAHA MUDA DI DENPASAR
Authors: Nugroho, M.A Wahyu Budi , Kamajaya Gede
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini mengkaji rasionalisasi para mahasiswa di Kota Denpasar yang terjun ke dunia wirausaha. Status mereka sebagai mahasiswa aktif yang masih berkuliah tentu memerlukan berbagai pertimbangan khusus (rasionalisasi) sebelum mereka memutuskan untuk berwirausaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori habitus Pierre Bourdieu, teori motif tindakan sosial Max Weber, serta teori pilihan rasional James Coleman. Melalui penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap tujuh belas informan, dilema atau hambatan rasional ditemui pada sembilan informan, sementara delapan informan cenderung memiliki rasionalisasi yang kuat dalam berwirausaha. Adapun motif tiga belas informan dalam berwirausaha terkategori dalam rasionalitas instrumental, tiga informan dalam kategori rasionalitas nilai, dan satu sisanya dalam kategori rasionalitas afeksi. Dari ketujuh belas informan penelitian, ditemui delapan informan penelitian yang menggunakan prinsip-prinsip pilihan rasional dalam mengoptimalkan kegiatan wirausaha di sela-sela kesibukan kuliahnya. Kata Kunci : Wirausaha Muda, Rasionalisasi Usaha, Wirausaha Denpasar
PROBLEMATIKA PELAKSANAAN PERATURAN DAERAH KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK DI PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Yunarman Sepri
Published: July 2021

Bengkulu merupakan provinsi dengan tingkat perokok tertinggi kedua di Indonesia, yakni 27,8% dari penduduknya yang berusia 10 tahun ke atas merokok setiap hari. Data statistik pada tahun 2018 terdapat sekitar 28,14% penduduk Provinsi Bengkulu menderita hipertensi dan 33,8% terkena stroke akibat konsumsi atau terpapar nikotin. Salah satu upaya dari pemerintah Bengkulu mengatasi bahaya rokok adalah dengan mengesahkan Peraturan Daerah No 4 tahun 2017 tentang Kawasan Tanpa Rokok. Namun, sampai sekarang, Perda tersebut belum efektif terlaksana. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menggali bagaimana pelaksanaan Perda di wilayah KTR, apa saja penghambat dan bagaimana solusi dalam implementasi Perda KTR di Provinsi Bengkulu. Penelitian ini merupakan studi lapangan dengan pendekatan penelitian kombinasi (mixed methods). Tahap pertama mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data dengan metode kuantitatif dan tahap kedua, mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data menggunakan metode kualitatif, survei, wawancara dan observasi selanjutnya dianalisis dengan model Miles dan Huberman. Studi ini menemukan bahwa pelaksanaan Perda KTR di Provinsi Bengkulu belum berjalan efektif karena masih lemahnya komitmen pemerintah baik eksekutif maupun legislatif dalam empat aspek utama. Pertama, belum adanya kesepahaman di internal pemerintah tentang urgensi regulasi teknis terkait implementasi Perda KTR tersebut. Kedua, masih minimnya sosialisasi Perda KTR kepada masyarakat, terbukti sebesar 49,5% responden belum mengetahui adanya perda KTR. Ketiga, belum tersedianya anggaran dana bagi dinas terkait untuk melakukan penegakan Perda KTR di masyarakat. Keempat, belum adanya upaya pelibatan peran serta anggota masyarakat dalam pengawasan orang merokok di wilayah KTR. Selain tindakan tidak langsung, beberapa tindakan langsung seperti hukuman denda serta sanksi sosial sangat disarankan dalam mengatasai permasalahan tersebut.Kata Kunci : Bengkulu, Daerah Bebas Rokok, Perda KTR