bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of zinc sulphate and omega 3 in improving of albumin level on pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Paru Hospital Surabaya 2015
Authors: Durry Fara Disa , Wirjatmadi Bambang
Published: July 2019

The epidemiology of Tuberculosis (TB) showed that TB is a disease which is associated with malnutrition. Malnutrition and lacking of certain essential nutrients required by immune system might cause immune function deficiency resulting higher susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections. There is positive correlation between immune system and high nutrient contents, such as Vitamin C, zinc, and antioxidants that brings good effect on infections, including Tuberculosis. One of the efforts conducted to help promoting improving albumin level on pulmonary tuberculosis patients is through zinc and sulphate provision followed by Omega-3 supplementation. This study was conducted in 2015 aimed to analyze the role of Zinc Sulphate Omega-3 provision in improving albumin level on pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Paru Hospital, Surabaya.This study applied randomized study design using Pre-test and Post-test Control group design on patients suffering pulmonary tuberculosis. This study was conducted by administering Zinc Sulphate and Omega-3 on treatment group and placebo on the control group. The samples of this study consisted of 20 pulmonary tuberculosis patients divided into two groups: treatment group and control group. Each group consisted of 10 patients. Statistical analysis was conducted using paired T-test and independent t-test. The results is There were significant differences in albumin level (p = 0.001) in the treatment group before and after supplementation Zinc Sulphate And Omega 3. While in the control group between before and after supplementation Zinc Sulphate And Omega 3 showed no significant differences in body weight (p = 0.224). The conclusions is Zinc Sulphate and Omega 3 plays a role in increasing albumin level respondents. There are significant differences on albumin level before and after supplementation Zinc Sulphate And Omega 3.
The relationship between obesity in children ages 9 - 12 years and pattern of playing activities
Authors: Tanaya Putu Denny , D.Rianti Emillia Devi
Published: July 2019

Obesity is excess weight as a result of stockpiling body fat excessive and could happen to all citizen including on children. The cause of obesity that one of them caused by the imbalance between intake of nutrients with physical activity that is playing. Good physical activity, the body metabolic processes will make the children walk with a maximum intake of calories that can be obtained from food directly in use in both by the body. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between the obese on 9 to 12 years old kids are playing with a pattern. From the graph is used for children and teenager to define obesity using the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Method used by persentil graph body mass index (bmi to age 2 to 20 years in the male and female). Analytic research is the correlation with spearman. The result of research shows that there is no correlation between obesity with a pattern of the activity of playing on children aged 9 to 12 years. Because the value of a correlation coefficient (0.053 > 0.025). It is also avidenced by the result of a coefficient that marked negative and having meaning the absence of correlation ( - 0.209 ). Of the result we can conclude that there are a lot of the main factor in addition to the activity of playing that can cause a child suffering from obesity including genetic factor, and the pattern of hormonal feeding on such a child.
Effect of Mangosteen’s fruit peel extract toward to total cholesterol, LDL, HDL serum in rats were given by used cooking oil
Authors: Raharjo Loo Hariyanto , Monica Monica
Published: July 2019

Waste cooking oil causes increased level of total cholesterol and LDL and decreased level of HDL serum, which became coronary heart disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mangosteen peels extract, which contain alpha-mangostin (xanthone) to decreased level of total cholesterol and LDL and increased level of HDL in rats exposed to waste cooking oil per oral. This study used true experimental designs with randomized post-test only control group design. This study used thirty rats were dividing into six treatment group, which control with Na-CMC 0,5%, control with extract of mangosteen pericarp at dosages of 800 mg/ kg body weight, exposed to waste cooking oil per oral, and exposed to waste cooking oil per oral with extract of mangosteen pericarp at dosages of 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg body weight. All groups were given treatment for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, rats were anesthetized with chloroform for collection of blood by cardiac puncture. Analysis of level of total cholesterol , LDL, and HDL serum with spectrophotometer. From Post Hoc test with Least Significant Differences it was concluded that extract of mangosteen peels can decreased level of total cholesterol and LDL and increased level of HDL serum.
Effect of fluoride solution on salivary amylase activity
Authors: Willianti Enny
Published: July 2019

Fluoride has the benefit on the tooth to inhibit caries. Fluoride is systemically incorporated into the crystal lattice of enamel by exchanging positions with the hydroxyl ion to result in formation of fluorapatite. Fluoride used locally may inhibit tooth demineralization, one of the mechanism is that fluoride is suspected to inhibit salivary amylase activity.The aim of this research is to exam whether fluoride inhibits salivary amylase activity and at what concentration.Method of this research was experimental research and the design was "The posttest only control group design". The samples were taken from patients with criteria: man or woman, 13-20 years old, in fit condition, no salivary gland disorder, no caries, no gingivitis. Saliva was collected from samples fasted in the night, and asked to brush their teeth without using toothpaste. This experiment used iodium to detect the color reaction. The method also used NaF with several concentrations in saliva.The result of this experiment indicated that almost all groups have a statistically significant differences salivary amylase activity (p<0,05), except between the group without NaF and with 1 mM NaF and 2 mM NaF, betweenl mM NaF and 2 mM NaF, between 2 mM NaF dan 5 mM NaF, between 5 mM NaF and 10 mM NaF (p>0,05).Conclusion of this research found that NaF was found to inhibit the salivary amylase activity when the fluoride concentration was at and above 5 mM.
Hubungan Biofilm dengan Infeksi: Implikasi pada Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Strategi Mengontrolnya
Authors: Purbowati Rini
Published: July 2019

Biofilms are formed in the surfaces of mucosal of the body cavity can be a major source of infection . Infection by microbial biofilm formers are difficult to treat because of their greater resistance to antimicrobial agents than individual cells . Therefore biofilm -related infections and increased the economic burden of the country. The purpose of this literature review is to examine literature on biofilms and biofilm-associated microbes and their contribution to the disease burden of man with the aim of drawing attention to their public health implication.Biofilm are defined as “collections of microorganisms and their associated extracellular products at an interface and generally attached to a biological and non-biological substratum. Biofilm formation are influenced by factors controlling cell attachment, nature of surface, propertis of medium, and properties of the microbial cell surface. The ability of biofilm formation is genetically regulated by ica ABDC operon. Biofilm life cycle include adhesion of cells, formation of microcolonies, formation of biofilm and detachment anddispersal of biofilm. Structure of biofilm consists microorganisms and extracellular polymeric substances with vertical structures of microorganisms sometimes take the form of towers or mushrooms which are separated by interstitial spaces. Bacterial biofilm showed increased resistance to antibiotics, disinfectants and resistant to phagocytosis and other mechanisms of innate and adaptive immune system. Biofilms associated with food borne illness and affect to food security. Biofilms have been implicated in a wide variety of microbial infections in the body such as as urinary tract infections, catheter infections, middle-ear infections, formation of dental plaque, gingivitis, legionellosis ,infections involving contact lenses, and less common but more lethal processes such as endocarditis, infections in cystic fibrosis, and infections of permanent indwelling devices such as joint prostheses and heart valves. It is important for government agencies with a mandate for safeguarding public health and environment to develop and adopt ap propriate health risk assessment and biofilm-specific guidelines that are protective of both public health and the environment.
Pengaruh Pemaparan Uap Anti Nyamuk Elektrik yang Mengandung Allathrin terhadap Berat dan Warna Paru-ParuTikusi
Authors: Hayu Tri Pangesti , Soekanto Ayly
Published: July 2019

Lungs as place where the gases exchange inside the body is related to enviroment sorrounding. Usage of electric mosquito repellent that contained allethrin on certain period can inflict lung’s abnormalities.The aim to this research is to find the effect of fumes exposure from the electric mosquito repellent that contained allethrin to weight and colour of rat’s lungs. The research was experimental laboratory. 24 male rats strain Wistar that devided into 4 groups, which were group 1 control (P0) without exposure, group 2 (P1) exposed 4 hours a day, group 3 (P2) exposed 6 hours a day and group 4 (P3) exposed 8 hours a day. In 30 th day, the rats terminated in the order to taken their lungs organ by operation. The purpose of taken the lungs was analyzed lung’s weight and alteration of its colour. The acquired data process by Anova test for weight analysis, and Kruskal Wallis test for colour change analysis, respectively with significant value (α < 0,05). The result of anova test is (α = 0.004) and kruskal wallis test is (α = 0,001), that to mean there are significan differentiation in group. Conclusion of this research : there was an effects of fumes exposure of electric mosquito repellent that contain allethrin against the weight and colour of the rat’s lungs. That effect on the lungs occour because collaps of the alveolus or lungs.
Hubungan antara Menopouse dengan Proses Penyembuhan Luka Paska Pencabutan Gigi di Klinik Gigi Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya
Authors: Parmasari Wahyuni Dyah , Theodora Theodora , Willianti Enny
Published: July 2019

Backgrounds : In medicine faculty specially in oral health university of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, extracting is the most common cases in clinic. As we know geriatry patients needs this treats too. The newest reports explain that estrogenes affected production of collaagens. Collagens are needed for asselarate wound healing. Menopause process decrease production of estrogen, so it can be influance for collagens output product.Purpose : This experimental to discribe the connection between menopause with clinical wound  healing process after tooth extraction at the Poli Gigi Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya. Methodes : This experimental use wound healing scale use parameters Tumor (swelling), Rubor (hyperemia) and Dolor (pain) Results : In this study used 20 patients divided two groups, menopause and non menopause group. There was a significant difference between menopause group and non menopause group in the third day and the fifth day after tooth extracted. For geriatry patients need dental care, specially tooth extraction. The complication in this age is delayed wound healing. For woman cases has many degeneration problems, one of this is because oldery ages woman has fisiology prosess menopause periode. Menopause is a regeneration process makes ovarium stops producting ovum. It was effected for maturation ovum and distrubing production of collagens. Collagens have main factors for wound healing process. In this articles, writer tried to connected the relations delayed wound healing in woman that have been in menopause period in case extracted teeth. Conclusion : There is a significant different between wound healing menopause and non menopause. The menopause the process wound healing takes more longer than non menopause.
Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) sebagai Hepatoprotektor pada Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus) yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Dosis toksik
Authors: Indahsari Noer Kumala , Masfufatun Masfufatun , D.R Emilia Devi
Published: July 2019

Moringa Oleifera is a plant that contains chemical compounds that are useful, such as flavonoids. The ability of this flavonoid compound that can capture free radicals cause damage and hepatoprotektan hepar. Purpose of study was to determined levels of Moringa leaf extract which can overcome the effects of liver damage caused by toxic doses of paracetamol through MDA, SGOT and SGPT Method used in this laboratory experimental study is a Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design with the following stages: 1. Moringa Leaf Extraction with Ethanol 96%; Try 2.Preparasi animals, 3. Treatment of Animals Try the extract of leaves of Moringa 3 dose is: 250mg / 200BB rat (dose of A), 500mg / 200BB mice (dose B), 1000mg / 200BB mice (dose C) for 14 days in combination with paracetamol 2 g / 200BB mice, compared to the negative control group (group given just paracetamol 2 g / 200BB rat) and the positive control group (the group who were given regular feed) for 14 days.Results : turned out to be no difference in the reduction in SGOT levels are statistically significant between the negative control group with high-dose treatment group ie the dose C with =0,016 smaller than 0.05, whereas a decrease in ALT levels were significantly decreased in the treatment group high dose is the dose C with =0,009 smaller than 0.05. While MDA group treated with the negative control group experienced an overall decline for the dose A with =0,05, dose B with =0,0011 and dose C with =0,001. Conclusion of this study showed that the extract of Moringa leaves can be potentially as an antioxidant in all doses at once can be as hepatoprotektor at high doses is 1000mg / 200BB Rattus Novergicus.
Kondiloma Akuminata
Authors: Ratnasari Diana Tri
Published: July 2019

Condyloma aaccuminatum (CA) or known as genital warts or chicken cockroach disease is a genital infections caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). In Indonesia, the incidence of CA continues to increase and is the third largest disease of sexually transmitted infections. The possibility of sexually transmitted infections with HPV-infected partners either in subclinical form is 75%. Genital HPV infection is commonly associated with moist mucosa. Microscopic abration and reccurent traumatic can increase infectivity and viral replication. HPV incubation period is between 8 weeks and 9 months. Generally does not cause a complaint but its form can cause psychological stress. Clinical features of CA is quite typical, there are 3 forms of clinical form of acuminata, keratosis, and papules. The latent period may last several months to years. Diagnosis is generally enforced simply by looking at the clinical picture. Investigations are performed if the lesions are not typical or suspicious of malignancy. A 5% acetic acid test can be used to look at subclinical trains. Histopathology is required when suspicious of malignancy. Pearly papule peniles are normal variants that have a similar picture to CA and do not need to be treated. Management of railways can be done with 25% tincture of podophylline 25%, TCA 80% -90%, imiquimod 5%, surgical excision, electrical surgery, and frozen surgery that provides satisfactory success. Therapy for pregnant women most secure by using TCA 80% -90%.
Peranan Stres Oksidatif pada Proses Penyembuhan Luka
Authors: Arief Handy , Widodo M Aris
Published: July 2019

Wound healing is a complex dynamic process characterized by a series of events that occur in almost all type of tissue damage. In the early phase of the inflammatory response, neutrophils and macrophages enters into the injured tissue and the cells produce reactive oxygen species that can give a beneficial or detrimental effects. Oxidative stress is a condition occurs that shows imbalance between prooxidant or free radical and antioxidant that have a function to maintain the condition of the tissue damage that occurs. So Oxidative stress occurs when the production of Reactive Oxygen Species occurring is higher than the antioxidants existing as an intrinsic defense. Reactive Oxygen Species and Reactive Nitrogen Species are important components in the healing process of wounds and is necessary to be in the state of homeostasis to prevent oksidatif stress. The major components of ROS are superoxide (O2•), hydroxyl radical (OH•) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which includes RNS are nitric oxide (NO•), nitrous oxide (NO2•), nitroxyl anion (HNO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) which could be form by the reaction between superoxide and nitric oxide. The existence of excessive O2 amount in the wound and the presence of excess NO can increase the incidence of oxidative stress that interfere with wound healing process. Oxidative stress plays a role in the inflammatory phase, proliferation and remodeling phase by increasing angiogenesis and affect other cells including endothelial cells in secreting NO. So the strategy in controlling oxidative stress is by increasing antioxidant level which is a scavenger to free radical excessive superoxide formation so preventing interference with the wound healing process.
Pola Pertumbuhan Pseudomonas sp. dengan Menggunakan Variasi Konsentrasi D-glukosa dalam Media Pertumbuhan terhadap Waktu Inkubasi
Authors: Listyawati Agusniar Furkani
Published: July 2019

This study was to determine the growth pattern of Pseudomonas sp. by administering various concentration of D-glucose to the growth medium and to see its effect on various incubation times. Addition of D-Glucose in the growth medium as a source of bacterial carbon that can support the cell growth process. The results showed that, the use of D-glucose with various concentration in growth media of Pseudomonas sp. affect the formation of bacterial cell growth patterns. This study showed that Pseudomonas sp. using D-glucose substrate for it’s cell growth. While the longer incubation time didn’t had effect for the cell growth pattern due to the ability of bacteria in consuming substrates that are added to the growth medium.
Kelainan pada Sintesis Hemoglobin: Thalassemia dan Epidemiologi Thalassemia
Authors: Wulandari Retno Dwi
Published: July 2019

Hemoglobinopathy includes structural abnormalities and haemoglobin synthesis disorders (thalassemia), is a single gene disorder that was originally found in malaria endemic areas but nowadays can be found all over the world. The birth rate of homozygous or compound heterozygous hemoglobinopathies, including alpha and beta thalassemia is less than 2.4 per 1000 births. Sickle cell anemia is the most prevalent compared to beta major and HbE-beta thalassemia. In Southeast Asia with more than 600 million people, abnormalities in hemoglobin including thalassaemia, HbE and HbCS are the most common and highly prevalent genetic disorders. Indonesia, has several areas that are endemic to malaria, there are many cases of abnormalities in Hb including thalassemia. If the percentage of carriers is associated with the birth rate and the number of Indonesian population and based on the study, it is estimated that the number of thalassemia patients born each year around 2500 children. As the case of thalassemia is increasing from year to year, it is necessary that prevention starts with screening in individuals who have relatives known as a carrier or thalassemia patient.
The influence of leaf infusion administration of Angelica keiskei with Simvastatin on lowering triglyceride levels in Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Marentek Cecilia Febriani , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: July 2019

Ashitaba is one from many plant that contained flavonoid. Flavonoid is antioxidant that belong to phenols. If we compare between ahitaba and vitamin C, ashitaba have hundred times more effective than vitamin c and twenty-five more effective then vitamin E. Antioxidant may reduce cholesterol by inhibiting oxidation reaction so that cholesterol can be easily pass through the arteries and its plug. This research aims to know what is the influence of ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) assisting simvastatin  in lowering triglyceride levels in strain wistar white male rats (Rattus norvegicus) that in hypertriglycerid. The population on this research is strain wistar white rats (Rattus norvegicus), male, 100 g, 2 months age with health physical and total sample are 33 rats. The result from this research proved that there is no influence of ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) assisting simvastatin in lowering triglicyride levels in strain wistar white male rats (Rattus norvegicus) that in hypertriglycerid. It can caused by competituve reaction between ashitaba and simvastatin that they were blocking each other.
Ekstrak Daun Avicennia alba dalam Mencegah Peningkatan Keasaman Lambung Mus musculus yang Diinduksi Aspirin
Authors: Budianto Nugroho Eko Wirawan
Published: July 2019

Daun mangrove diekstrak dengan menggunakan etanol 96% dan dipakai sebagai pencegahan peningkatan asam lambung dengan uji hewan coba Mus musculus. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak daun Avicennia alba sebagai pencegahan peningkatan asam lambung karena induksi aspirin, dengan melihat kadar asam bebas, asam total, asam organik dan pH lambung Mus musculus. Metode penelitian Mus musculus dibagi dalam 5 kelompok 1). Kelompok kontrol negatif, 2). Kelompok kontrol positif, 3). 3 Kelompok perlakuan dengan dosis berbeda yaitu ekstrak daun Avicennia alba 1,3 mg/20 g BB, ekstrak daun Avicennia alba 2,6 mg/20 g BB, ekstrak daun Avicennia alba 5,2 mg/20 g BB. Hasil menunjukan bahwa Pemberian ekstrak etanol Avicennia alba P2 yang diberikan secara intra oral mencegah peningkatan kadar asam bebas, asam total, asam organik dan pH asam lambung yang diinduksi oleh aspirin yang diberikan secara intra oral. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ekstrak etanol Avicennia alba mencegah peningkatan kadar asam bebas, asam total, asam organik dan pH lambung. Ekstrak etanol Avicennia alba 2,6 mg/ 20 g BB merupakan dosis yang dianjurkan
Traumatic Pneumorrhachis
Authors: Suryawati Sianny
Published: July 2019

TPneumorrhachis (PR), yang merupakan entrapment udara atau gas dalam canalis spinalis, adalah kondisi yang jarang terjadi, dan biasanya dihubungkan dengan trauma dan prosedur pembedahan. Udara intraspinal biasanya dapat ditemukan tersendiri di regio servikal, thorakal, maupun lumbosakral (lebih jarang), namun dapat pula ditemukan di seluruh canalis spinalis. Patogenesis dan etiologi kelainan ini sangat bervariasi dan menimbulkan tantangan dalam diagnosisnya. Prosedur diagnosis pilihan pada keadaan ini adalah CT spinal. Pneumorrhachis biasanya tidak menimbulkan gejala, namun keberadaannya juga dapat mencerminkan adanya pathologi serius yang mendasarinya. Kelainan dasar ini dapat tersamarkan dan harus diperiksa dengan hati-hati agar dapat memberikan terapi yang adekuat. Laporan kasus ini memaparkan kasus jarang traumatic pneumorrhachis pada wanita usia 63 tahun setelah jatuh dari ketinggian yang tidak diketahui dan dibawa ke Instalasi Gawat Darurat dalam keadaan tidak sadarkan diri. CT scan thoracoabdominal menunjukkan adanya fraktur tulang multiple, pneumothorax dan contussio pulmonum, pneumomediastinum, emphysema subcutan luas, dan juga dissecting aortic aneurysm. Karena traumatic pneumorrhachis seringkali disertai trauma berat yang mendasarinya, seperti yang ditemukan pada laporan kasus ini, maka evaluasi mendalam perlu dilakukan untuk menemukan adanya jejas lainya, dan ahli bedah saraf tulang belakang harus memberikan perhatian untuk mencegah komplikasi berupa meningitis dan pneumocephalus.
Pengaruh Pemberian Oksigen Hiperbarik terhadap Kadar LDL Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Galur Sprague dawley yang kemudian Diberi Diet Tinggi Lemak
Authors: Putri Ika Apriyanti Arum , Setianingsih Herin
Published: July 2019

Menurut WHO (2017), dari seluruh kematian akibat penyakit kardiovaskular 7,4 juta (42,3%) di antaranya disebabkan oleh Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK). Lipid, khususnya low density lipoprotein (LDL) merupakan salah satu faktor penting penyebab terjadinya PJK, mengingat perannya dalam proses aterogenesis. Terapi Oksigen Hiperbarik diketahui dapat menurunkan faktor resiko atherosklerosis seperti hiperkolesterolemia pada tekanan 1,5 ATA dan 3 ATA. Hiperkolesterolemia ini ditandai dengan  peningkatan pada trigliserida (TG), LDL, dan  penurunan HDL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi oksigen hiperbarik terhadap kadar LDL tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) galur Sprague dawley yang kemudian diberi diet tinggi lemak. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental murni laboratoris. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 32 tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) galur Sprague dawley yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yakni kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Kelompok kontrol diberikan diet tinggi lemak selama 49 hari dan kelompok perlakuan yang diterapi oksigen hiperbarik dengan kadar oksigen 98% tekanan 2,4 ATA selama 10 hari kemudian diberi diet tinggi lemak selama 49 hari. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata LDL kelompok kontrol sebesar 63,43 mg/dl dan kelompok perlakuan adalah 44,43 mg/dl. Kemudian, dilakukan uji hipotesa menggunakan metode Mann Whitney dan didapatkan nilai signifikansi (p) adalah 0,004 atau p<α sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pada penelitian ini ada perbedaan kadar LDL darah tikus pada kedua kelompok perlakuan atau H1 diterima. Terapi oksigen hiperbarik berpengaruh terhadap  penurunan kadar LDL darah pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) galur Sprague dawley sebelum diberi diet tinggi lemak.
Pengaruh Pemberian Jus Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol LDL Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Aloksan
Authors: Husna Leny Alimatul , Djoko Louis , Handajani Fitri , Martini Tri
Published: July 2019

Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan faktor resiko terjadinya gangguan kardiovaskuler pada diabetes mellitus. Pada diabetes mellitus kekurangan insulin meningkatkan lipolisis sehingga asam lemak bebas meningkat sehingga meningkatan kadar kolesterol total dan kolesterol LDL. Tomat mengandung likopen yang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol LDL karena mampu menghambat HMG-KoA reduktase. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jus tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) terhadap kadar kolesterol total dan LDL tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur wistar yang diinduksi aloksan.  24 ekor yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok: 1). Kelompok kontrol negatif tanpa perlakuan 2). Kelompok kontrol positif hewan coba yang diinduksi aloksan 3). Kelompok perlakuan yang diinduksi aloksan dan diberi jus tomat dengan dosis 11 gram/KgBB selama 14 hari. Uji One-Way Annova menunjukkan peningkatan kadar kolesterol LDL yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrol positif dan kelompok hewan kontrol negatifnamun tidak pada kadar total kolesterol. Rerata kadar total kolesterol dan LDL pada kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan penurunan yang tidak signifikan di bandingkan kelompok hewan coba yang diinduksi aloksan. Pemberian aloksan dengan dosis 150 mg/Kg BB dapat meningkatkan kadar kolesterol LDL secarabermakna namun tidak pada kadar total kolesterol. Pemberian jus tomat dengan dosis 11 gram/KgBB cenderung menurunkan rerata kadar total kolesterol dan LDL.
Pengaruh Infeksi Trypanosoma evansi terhadap Kadar TNF-α dan Perubahan Histopatologi Hepar pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Kurnianto Ady , Pratama Junianto Wika Adi , Candrarisna Miranti
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kadar Tumor necrosis Factor ɑ(TNF-α) dan derajat kerusakan hepar pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinfeksi isolat Trypanosoma evansi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Sampel Hewan adalah tikus jantan umur 6 minggu sebanyak 30 ekor dan dibagi dalam 5 kelompok dengan pemberian infeksi secara subcutan (sc), yaitu Po: kelompok tikus kontrol diinjeksi NaCl fisiologis dosis 0,3 ml, pengambilan sampel darah dan organ hepar pada hari ke 7 pasca injeksi NaCl fisiologis. P1: kelompok tikus diinfeksi Trypanosoma evansi dosis 0,3 ml/sc, pengambilan sampel darah dan organ hepar pada hari pertama pasca infeksi Trypanosoma evansi. P2: kelompok tikus diinfeksi Trypanosoma evansi dosis 0,3 ml/sc, pengambilan sampel darah dan organ hepar pada hari ke 3 pasca infeksi Trypanosoma evansi. P3: kelompok tikus diinfeksi Trypanosoma evansi dosis: 0,3 ml/sc, pengambilan sampel darah dan organ hepar pada hari ke 5 pasca infeksi Trypanosoma evansi. P4: kelompok tikus putih diinfeksi Trypanosoma evansi dosis 0,3 ml/sc, pengambilan sampel darah dan organ hepar pada hari ke 7 pasca infeksi Trypanosoma evansi. Nilai Optical Density (OD) atau kadarTNF-αmenunjukkan p=0,0624 (p>0,05), mengalami penurunan dan tidak berbeda, dan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kelompok pada tikus putih yang diinfeksi Trypanosoma evansi isolat Sumbawa. Pemberian infeksi secara subkutan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan hepar berupa lesi degenerasi, nekrosis, dan portal inflamasi pada tikus putih yang diinfeksi Trypanosoma evansi isolat Sumbawa. Kesimpulan adalah kadar TNF-α menurun, mengakibatkan kerusakan hepar dan tingkat keganasan parasit Trypanosoma evansi isolat Sumbawa meningkat.
Regular Physical Activity, High Soy Dietary Intake and Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Symptoms in Young Adult Women: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Kusumawardani Eva Flourentina , Adi Annis Catur
Published: July 2019

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in adolescents group is one of the most common disorder in woman at reproductive age. It substantially reduces quality of life for many women of reproductive age, with pharmaceutical treatments having limited efficacy and substantial side effects. A health lifestyle e.g. regular physical activity and high soy dietary intakes has been recommended as a method of reducing PMS symptoms. This study aims to describe the physical activity and high soy dietary intake and PMS symptoms in female students of Vocational High School 10 Surabaya. This study was designed to describe the activity level were recalled in 7x24 hour, soy dietary intake, and severity of PMS symptoms in female students that was administrated by structured questionnaires. The result showed that of all participants (n=59) were defined as having light physical activity level (88.1%), moderate level of soy dietary intake (17.22-28.38 portions per month), and mild degree of PMS symptoms (71.2%). Based on crosstabulation showed that respondences who had light physical activity experienced moderate PMS degree (8.6%), and who had high soy dietary intake experienced moderate PMS degree (8.5%). This recommendation is based on relatively little evidence, and the relationship between physical activity, soy dietary intake, and premenstrual syndrome symptoms remains unclear.
Pola Kuman, Hasil Uji Sensitifitas Antibiotik dan Komplikasi Abses Leher dalam di RSUD DR. Soetomo
Authors: Arianto Denny Rizaldi , Romdhoni Achmad Chusnu
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data lokasi, etiologi, hasil kultur kuman dan uji sensitifitas antibiotik serta komplikasi dari penderita abses leher dalam yang di rawat ruang rawat inap bedah teratai THT-KL RSUD Dr. Soetomo periode Januari sampai Desember 2014. Bahan dan metode penelitian yaitu rekam medik penderita. Hasil: Didapatkan 41 penderita. Lokasi di submandibula 13(31,70%), ruang peritonsil 11(26,82%), kombinasi ruang submandibula, parafaring dan retrofaring 11 (26,82%). Etiologi infeksi gigi 14(34,14%), infeksi tonsil akut 8(19,51%), DM 8(19,51%), DM Tipe 2 dan infeksi gigi 10(24,39%), DM disertai infeksi orofaring 1(2,43%). Dari kultur pus didapatkan Staph. Aureus (33,33%), Strep. viridians (28,75%), Kleb. Pneumonia (9,52%). Dari kultur darah didapatkan kuman Strep. viridians (40,00%), Kleb. Pneumonia (20,00%), Acinobacter humanii (20,00%), Staph. Haemolyticus (20,00%). Kultur urin didapatkan Acinobacter humanii dan Staph. haemolyticus masing-masing 50%. Hasil uji sensitifitas antibiotik dari kultur pus didapatkan angka sensitive terhadap Meropenem (87,5%), Ceftriaxone (73,68%), Cefoperazone-sulbactam (70,00%), Cefotaxime (68,75%). Resitensi kuman terhadap antibiotika tersebut diatas secara berurutan 12,50%, 21,05%, 20,00%, 12,5%. Komplikasi sepsis 12(29,26%), obstruksi jalan napas atas (trakeotomi) 6(14,63%). Kesimpulan: Lokasi tersering di submandibula disusul peritonssil, kombinasi submandibula dan parafaring atau retrofaring. Etiologi tersering infeksi gigi disusul tonsil. Penyakit penyerta tersering yaitu DM. Kuman yang sering ditemukan dari kultur pus adalah Staph. aureus dan Strep. viridians. Kuman dari kultur darah terbanyak Strep. viridians, disusul Kleb. pneumonia, Acinobacter humanii, Staph. haemolyticus. Hasil uji sensitifitas terhadap antibiotik dari kultur pus didapatkan angka sensitif tertinggi adalah Meropenem disusul Ceftriaxone, Cefoperazone-sulbactam dan Cefotaxime. Komplikasi tersering sepsis disusul obstruksi jalan nafas atas dan mediastinitis. Sebanyak 4,87% penderita meninggal.
Jalur Sinyal dan Metabolisme Endocannabinoid: Tinjauan Pustaka
Authors: Raharjo Loo Hariyanto , Agusaputra Harman
Published: July 2019

Efek biologis dari tumbuhan Cannabis Sativa dimediasi oleh dua buah reseptor dari kelompok G-protein coupled receptor; reseptor cannabinoid 1 (CB1R) dan 2 (CB2R). CB1R lebih banyak didapatkan pada Susunan Saraf Pusat dan berhubungan dengan pemberian terapi pada gangguan neuropsikologis dan penyakit neurodegeneratif. Selain itu endocannabinoid juga memodulasi jalur tranduksi sinyal dan menimbulkan efek pada jaringan perifer. Meskipun cannabionoid memiliki efek terapeutik, tetapi efek psikoaktifnya menyebabkan terbatasnya penggunaan endocannabionoid dalam praktek klinis. Namun kemajuan terkini dalam distribusi fisiologis dan pengaturan fungsional dari endocannabinoid memungkinkan adanya penelitian eksploitasi penggunaan endocannabionoid sebagai bahan terapeutik serta pengembangan obat baru dengan keunggulan farmakologis. Pada tinjauan pustaka ini, kami meninjau secara singkat tentang jalur metabolik dan jalur transduksi sinyal dari dua endocannabionoid utama; Anandamide (AEA) dan 2- arachidonoyglycerol (2-AG) yang mempunyai potensi terapeutik.
PEMBAGIAN HARTA BERSAMA AKIBAT PERCERAIAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA KEDIRI
Authors: NUZULA NIKMATUN
Published: July 2019

In a general way, the division of community property in divorce at Religion Justice of Kediri utilizes the aught rule on Section 97 Islamic Law Compilations, where is division in that section names that widow or divorce widower lives each get half of community properties. But then available a case where Judges in the Religion Justice of Kedir establish another, which deviates from aught rule in Section 97 Islamic Law Compilation which is, each one third part for husband, and two third part for wife of the community property. This research focuses on 1) What do become the judge’s judgment in deciding matter Number 0168 / Pdt. G / 2014 / PA. Kdr in contrast to aught order in Section 97 KHI; 2) What implications of be applied contra legem in that verdict. In this research, the writer utilizes qualitative approach and field research. Meanwhile, in data collection utilizes interview and documentation. Data analysis uses content analysis

of verdict through theory which is available with its practice at the site.

This observational result concludes that there is three prime factors of the judge’s judgment in deciding the division matter of the community property Number 0168 / Pdt. G / 2014 / PA. Kdr variably diffrent of section 97 Islamic Law Compilations, which is: 1 ) Since wife while parted by divorces by husband not charge iddah’s earningses, mut ’ ah and past earnings; 2 ) Since wife have greater contributions in render community property; 3 ) as patriarch that ought to meet the family needs, husband has pointed out

accountability heaving full as head of family. So if Judge applies rule of law ground, which is by applying Section 97 Islamic Law Compilation are assessed wrongful. Judge moring to advance to perceive justice

than rule of law. Therefore of that, Judges in deciding a matter don’t be glued on written order only. Contra legem is form Judge as enforcer of law and justice that not only advance rule of law ground but also utilize justice ground judgment and benefit. Contra legem’s implemented implication can evoke new law that its following can be made as jurisprudence if there is a similar case.

Keywords: marriage, divorce, community property, contra legem
الاحتجاج بالاستصحاب وأثره في اختلاف الفقهاء
Authors: Ahmad Khalil Abdul Wahab
Published: July 2019

Islam is a complete and comprehensive religion. The comprehension of Islam does not lie in the completeness of the verses of the Qur’an and the words of Hadith, because in fact the verses of the

Qur’an and the words of Hadith are limited, meanwhile the human problems continue to grow. So, the role of ijtihad as a means of reform of Islamic law is vital. One of the methods of ijtihad is Istishâb.

This study describes the meaning of Istishâb, scholars’ opinion about the value of its strength as a source of law, as well as the influence of scholars’ opinion about the value of his resistance to differences of opinion in Islamic law. This study concludes that the majority of scholars of the Maliki, Shafii, and Hambali sect assert that Istishâb is a hujjah to defend (daf’i) and establish something (itsbat). The late ulamas of the Hanafi sect assert that Istishâb is a hujjah in defense of something, while the majority of the Hanafi scholars and some scholars of the Shafi’i sect state that Istishâb is not a hujjah at all. The difference of the ulama’s view of the use of Istishâb in ijtihad has led to differences in their views on Islamic law, as in the case of the law of the disappeared’s inheritance. In addition, the existence of Istishâb becomes a solution to find out contemporary Islamic law, Especially In the field of criminal law, personal status and civil law.

Keywords: Istishâb, argumentative, Islamic Law
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA NON-LITIGASI DALAM SEJARAH PERADABAN ISLAM
Authors: Noviyanti Ririn
Published: July 2019

Dispute settlements have two form, litigation and non-litigation. Some options as an alternative dispute resolution non-litigation include mediation, negotiation and arbitration. alternative dispute resolution has long been practiced in Islam to solve the problems. This qualitative-descriptive study uses a socio-historical approach that examines and analyzes the practice of alternative dispute resolution in general, and mediation, negotiation, arbitration in particular. This study aims to discuss the theory of non-litigation dispute resolution and its application in various areas of life in the classical Islamic era. The key issue explored in this research is how to implement non-litigation dispute resolution practices in Islamic history and the event that they are used. The conclusions of this study are; first, the practice of alternative dispute resolution has been done in the classical Islamic era on the event of retaking the Hajar Aswad by using the method of mediation. Second, the practice of negotiation on the event of the beginning of the Hudaibiyah treaty and the third, the practice of arbitration (tahkīm) on events involving Muawiyah and Ali bin Abi Talib in the battle of Shiffin. Keywords: Dispute Settlement, Non-Litigation, Islamic Law
SANKSI ADAT PETE’AN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Al Muhlis Rofi'
Published: July 2019

In a law, there are customary laws which legalized by positive law and Islamic law. The culture communities in the District Ngadas Village Poncokusumo Malang, there is a costomary law that called “pete'an” that is pregnancy test for girls and widows aimed at preventing acts pregnant out of legal wedding. This custom is quite effective and bringing great results in the reduction and prevention acts pregnant out of legal wedding, so that the people and the leaders of Ngadas village support the implementation and preservation of the custom pete'an. The implementation of custom pete'an in the perspective of Islamic law conformable with nash and shara'. The customary sanctions that applicable in pete'an in the perspective of Islamic law is not in accordance with the penalties for sex-free and still a minor penalty. However, by looking at the number of cases is only 1-3 cases within 5-7 years after the implementation of this pete'an custom shows that a custom implementation of pete'an very effective in reducing and preventing unwedding act that begins with the act of free sex.
TINJAUAN FILOSOFIS (Pasal 2 Ayat (2) Undang-Undang Perkawinan No 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Pencatatan Perkawinan)
Authors: Nastangin Nastangin
Published: July 2019

The registration of marriage is an administrative obligation under the provisions of ordinance number 1 of 1974 about marriage which aims to provide assurance of protection, if in the future there arises a legal act which implies the occurrence of legal consequences so that it can be proved with perfect evidence with an authentic deed as a form of certainty law. The purpose of this paper is to know about the essence of marriage registration rule article 2 section 2 of marriage ordinance number 1 of 1974. This research uses a philosophical approach that is explaining the nature and wisdom of the formal object. The conclusion of this paper is, that the registration of marriage is to provide assurance of legal protection the parties if in the future there is a problem that will result in law and to gain benefit to all people.

Keywords: Philosophy, Article 2 Section (2) of Marriage ordinancenumber 1 of 1974, Registration, Marriage.
PUTUSAN VERSTEK PENGADILAN AGAMA PADA CERAI TALAK PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN GENDER
Authors: Taufik Abdullah
Published: July 2019

Verstek’s decision is one of the court legal products that can have permanent legal force if there is no resistance effort (Verzet) from the defendant Verstek’s decision was dropped by a judge because the Tegugat (Respondent) who had been summoned should not come without giving reasons that could be justified by law. The verstek decision is based on article 126 HIR (Herzien Inlandsch Reglement) which states;

1. The absence of the defendant at the first hearing immediately gave the judge the authority to decide on the verstek

2. Resign the session and call the defendant once again Verstek’s decision which is an item of civil procedural law in general is also applied in the civil procedure law of the religious court. Therefore, in dealing with civil divorce cases in religious courts, judges can apply the verstek verdict. negative impact on the wife because in the verstek decision the wife is in a weak position, so that with the verstek verdict she has lost her right to defend herself, even though there is an opportunity to fight (Verzet) but it depends on the quality of the personnel from in terms of economics and education, judges must therefore be wiser in imposing Verstek decisions on divorce divorce cases so that there is an opportunity for the wife to provide information related to her personality so as to create gender equality in the court.

Keywords: Divorce, Verstek Verdict, Gender Equality
KEDUDUKAN HARTA BERSAMA PERKAWINAN POLIGAMI
Authors: Zunaidi Arif
Published: July 2019

Islam allows the marriage of more than one partner, provided that the husband can be fair and get permission from the first wife. As a result of polygamous marriages, there is legal uncertainty about joint assets, both in the first, second, third and fourth wives. The purpose of this paper is to find out the legal certainty of shared assets in polygamous marriages. The method used is a normative legal research method, using a regulatory approach, both Islamic law, Law Number 1 of 1974 and KHI. As a result, there is legal uncertainty especially for the first wife based on the Compilation of Islamic Law, specifically legal protection for the property with the wife brought in by her husband’s second marriage. According to Law No. 1 of 1974, each wife gets a second share, whereas according to Islamic law the status of a woman’s property does not change with the marriage.

Keywords: polygamy, shared assets
PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD SAID RAMADAN AL-BUTI TENTANG MASLAHAH DAN BATASAN-BATASANNYA
Authors: Solikhuddin Muhammad
Published: July 2019

This paper attempts to unravel the concept study of Maslahah posed by al-Buti, in this case he also proposes clear boundaries about Maslahah aligned with the Syari’ah Islamiyyah. Maslahah was a pleasure, therefore, all things are dangerous must be avoided. Requirements proposed al-Buti, started the benefit included on Syqri’goal embodied in Islam universal basic principles five, not contrary with the al qur’an), not contrary with al-Sunnah, not contrary with Qiyas, until its existence not negate another benefit that important more or equivalent. All this suggests caution al-Buti in offering Maslahah concept that he woke up so it is not contrary with religious rules. The benefit must have two footing. First, will of God and secondly, human interests, both of these things as contrary, but when examined more deeply has the estuary, that is human happiness in this world and hereafter.
LEGAL STANDING KUASA ISTIMEWA UNTUK MEWAKILI MENGUCAPKAN IKRAR TALAK DALAM PERKARA CERAI TALAK
Authors: Sidiq Widodo Muhammad Fajar
Published: July 2019

Talak is a marriage breaker pledge that is charged to a husband who wants to divorce his wife. Talak must be pronounced in a religious court. after permission by the Religious Court, a husband can declare his talak. However, what if a husband cannot pronounce his talak, then the best way is to represent it. The concept represents saying talak, both of which are equally permissible in Islamic law and in positive law. this paper will discuss how Legal Standing or the authority to act as a power of attorney to represent declaring talak. The purpose of this study is to explore and find concepts of special power that are not contrary to the Indonesian legal system. This research is normative research, because it examines the norms related to the granting and receiving the power of representation as part of a legal system. Then in this study using the Statute Approach and the Concept Approach to solve core problems.
PENYAMAAN BATAS USIA PERKAWINAN PRIA DAN WANITA PERSPEKTIF MAQASID AL-USRAH (ANALISIS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 22/PUU-XV/2017)
Authors: Nurcholis Moch
Published: July 2019

Marital Age Arrangement as ruled by UU Perkawinan and KHI is part of open legal policy category and has legal validity according to regulation of Constitutional Court (Mahkamah Konsitusi). Nevertheless, legal policy must be positioned unexceeding authority, unbreaking morality and rationality of law, not to impact intolerable injustices, and not clearly contradicting Indonesian Constitution (UUD) 1945. Hence, relating to questioning phrases in article 7 verse 1 “in 16 years old” as part of Marital Law N. 1/1974. The Constitutional Court on its court decision explains that that provision is has not binding legal force. This decision has implicated obligation of equalizating minimum age of marriage (both male and female). Then, what is maqasid al-usrah thought on this decision? To answer that question, this research will explain criteria of adulthood from Islamic Law perspective and maqasid al-usrah thought on equalizating minimum age of marrige, both male or female. Islamic Law, throught its concept of baligh and `aqil, has opinion that measure of adulthood (both male and female) is same, where they have reached 15 years of age. Biologically, male is considered adult when he released sperm firstly. And female is considered adult when she menstruasting for the first time, or her sense of smell is more sensitive, or changing vocal sound, or growing some hair around her vagina and on armpits. Equalizating marital age between man and woman is justified based on maqasid al-usrah and Islamically legal as long as its purpose is implementing the marital goals.