bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on aggressive behavior in children with ADHD and emotion dysregulation: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Vacher Cécile , Romo Lucia , Purper-Ouakil Diane
Published: August 2021

• Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is frequently associated with emotional dysregulation (ED). ED is characterized by excessive and inappropriate emotional reactions compared to social norms, uncontrolled and rapid shifts in emotion, and attention focused on emotional stimuli. Few studies have evaluated non-pharmacological interventions to improve ED in children with ADHD. The current randomized controlled trial assesses the efficacy of a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) intervention compared with a theater-based intervention (TBI) in children with ADHD and ED. • Methods: Sixty-eight 7 to 13-year-old children with ADHD and ED will be recruited and randomly assigned to the CBT or TBI group. CBT aims to reduce ED by teaching anger management strategies. TBI seeks to reduce ED by improving emotion understanding and expression through mimics and movement. In both groups, children participate in 15 one-hour sessions, and parents participate in 8 sessions of a parent management program. The primary outcome measure is the change in the “Aggression” sub-score of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Secondary outcome measures include overall impairment (Children’s Global Assessment Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), personality profile (Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children), executive function (Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function), quality of life (Kidscreen-27), parental stress (Parenting Stress Index, 4th edition), parental depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), and impact of child disorders on the quality of the family life (Parental Quality of Life and Developmental Disorder). • Discussion: Children with ADHD and ED are at risk of functional impairment and poor outcomes, and have specific therapeutic needs. This randomized controlled trial wants to assess non-pharmacological treatment options for this population. • Trial registration:Clinicaltrials.gov. Number: NCT03176108. Registered on June 5, 2017
Optimised method for normal range estimation of standardized uptake values (SUVmax, SUVmean) in liver SPECT/CT images with somatostatin analogue 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC (Tektrotyd).
Authors: Piwowarska-Bilska Hanna , Kurkowska Sara , Birkenfeld Bozena
Published: August 2021

Background99mTc-HYNIC-TOC (Tektrotyd) is a radiopharmaceutical used for the diagnosis of lesions with overexpression of somatostatin receptors. The purpose of this study was to optimise the method and estimate normal ranges for standardized uptake values of Tektrotyd in healthy livers. MethodsAn analysis of SUVs normal ranges was performed for images acquired in a selected “healthy group” of 42 patients evaluated for NET tumours. The “pathological group” comprised 20 patients with liver lesions detected by scintigraphic imaging. Normal ranges for radiopharmaceutical uptake values were estimated based on the quantitative analysis of images acquired with a GE Healthcare NM/CT 850 gamma camera.ResultsThe method for healthy liver segmentation in SPECT/CT was optimized. The normal range of SUVs for the liver was: SUVbw max [5.2-14.0] g/ml and SUVlbm max [3.5-9.5] g/ml. The relative standard error (relative SE) of activity concentration estimated in the phantom study for the largest hot spheres was: ϕ=37mm- 5.9%, ϕ=28mm- 7.1%, ϕ=22mm- 11.4%, and ϕ=17mm- 22%.Conclusions· Segmentation in the mid-coronal CT image, at one-fourth of the height of the liver measured from the top, with a medium-sized VOI outlined on a given transverse SPECT slice was regarded as the optimal method for estimating normal ranges for standardized uptake values.· It is necessary to standardise quantification methods in the SPECT/CT studies. Our work is a step forward in obtaining standardisation of SPECT/CT SUV calculation methods.· Calculations for radiopharmaceutical uptake in tumours with volumes smaller than 5 ml are biased with a significant measurement error.
Effectiveness And Safety of Acupotomy For Knee Osteoarthritis: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cheng Wu-Zhong , Li Tian-Li , Guo Ren , Chen Ping , Du Wei-Shuai , Kang Si-Bo , Yan Ming-Zhe , Li Shu-Ming
Published: August 2021

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders. Acupotomy may be effective for KOA, but evidence is limited. The aim of this trial is to determine the effectiveness and safety of acupotomy for KOA.Methods/design: This is a parallel-group, assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. Two hundred patients with KOA will be recruited and randomly assigned to two groups (group A or group D) in a 1:1 ratio. Patients in group A will receive acupotomy and topical diclofenac diethylamine for 4 weeks, while patients in group D will receive topical diclofenac diethylamine alone for 4 weeks. The primary outcome will be the response rate—the proportion of patients who achieve the minimal clinically important improvement in pain and function at week 4 compared with baseline. Secondary outcomes will include pain, function, quality of life, the use of rescue medicine (loxoprofen sodium) and adverse events at weeks 4, 8 and 24 after randomization. Besides, joint fluid and serum will be collected to assess the level of inflammatory cytokines, like TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-3.Discussion: This study will contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness and safety of acupotomy in combination with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Results of the study will be of great importance for the guidelines of clinical therapy.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2100043005, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=121348) Registered on 4 February 2021.
Gravity cells as a necessary link in string theory. Energy and vibration frequency of gravitational strings. Obtaining formulas for determining the gravitational constant and the mass of an electron through fundamental physical constants.
Authors: Chernov Andrey
Published: August 2021

In this study, a new concept is introduced - gravitational cells. The body of a black hole consists of a huge number of such cells. This hypothesis from particle physics has been organically built into string theory. As a result of this addition, using the Schwarzschild radius formula and the Coulomb formula, a formula for the gravitational constant in the region of black holes was obtained on the basis of two fundamental constants: the speed of light and elementary charge. Its value has been determined, and the value of the usual gravitational constant has been confirmed. In this study, the mass of the gravitational cell of a black hole was obtained. The introduction of the hypothesis of gravitational cells into string theory made it possible to apply Planck's formula to gravitational interaction. As a result, a formula for the energy of a gravitational quantum and a formula for the vibrational velocity of a gravitational string were obtained. On this basis, the formula for the mass of the electron was obtained and its value was calculated, which coincided with the experimental mass of the electron. The exact minimum distance of the gravitational interaction was determined by the formula for the vibrational velocity of the gravitational string. This calculated minimum distance completely coincided with the known experimental data obtained when determining the Casimir effect (force).
Mitochondrial membrane proteins and VPS35 orchestrate selective removal of mtDNA.
Authors: Pla-Martin David , Sen Ayesha , Kallabis Sebastian , Nüchel Julian , Maliphol Kanjanamas , Hofmann Julia , Krüger Markus , Wiesner Rudolf
Published: August 2021

Integrity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), encoding several subunits of the respiratory chain, is essential to maintain mitochondrial fitness. Mitochondria, as a central hub for metabolism, are affected in a wide variety of human diseases but also during normal ageing, where mtDNA integrity is compromised. Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms work at different levels, and mitophagy and its variants are critical to remove dysfunctional mitochondria together with mtDNA to maintain cellular homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms governing a selective turnover of mutation-bearing mtDNA without affecting the entire mitochondrial pool is fundamental to design therapeutic strategies against mtDNA diseases and ageing. Here we show that mtDNA depletion after expressing a dominant negative version of the mitochondrial helicase Twinkle, or by chemical means, is due to an exacerbated mtDNA turnover. Targeting of nucleoids is controlled by Twinkle which, together with the mitochondrial transmembrane proteins ATAD3 and SAMM50, orchestrate mitochondrial membrane remodeling to form extrusions. mtDNA removal depends on autophagy and requires the vesicular trafficking protein VPS35 which binds to Twinkle-enriched mitochondrial subcompartments upon mtDNA damage. Stimulation of autophagy by rapamycin selectively removes mtDNA deletions which accumulated during muscle regeneration in vivo, but without affecting mtDNA copy number. With these results we unveil a new complex mechanism specifically targeting and removing mutant mtDNA which occurs outside the mitochondrial network. We reveal the molecular targets involved in a process with multiple potential benefits against human mtDNA related diseases, either inherited, acquired or due to normal ageing.
Assessment of Spatial And Temporal Water Quality Distribution of Lake Ludas, Serbia
Authors: Horvat Zoltan , Horvat Mirjana , Pastor Kristian
Published: August 2021

This work presents the analysis of both spatial and temporal water quality distribution of Lake Ludas in the Republic of Serbia using water quality data from 2011 to 2018 at three different locations. By including a set of standard methods, we reduced the initial 15 water quality parameters to 7 parameters representative for the upcoming temporal and spatial considerations. The selected parameters were subject to a series of tests such as spatial and temporal analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to present the variation of the measurements most efficiently and identify spatial and temporal tendencies. The PCA was expanded by the utilization of biplots providing a more comprehensive understanding of the measurements. Finally, the overall state of the lake's quality was evaluated using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index method for each sampling location, both annually and for the overall time interval, and as one representative value for the whole lake. The presented research lead to several conclusions, including the need for more detailed future measurements. It was shown that a reasonable monitoring approach leading to reliable conclusions should include much denser data in space and time. Furthermore, the necessity of three sampling locations remains relevant. In fact, it would be preferred to have a shorter list of monitored variables covering denser time and space data acquisition than having more diverse quality parameter evaluation at fever locations or temporally sporadic measurements.
Are Fractures To The Bony Cage Protecting the Abdomen Associated with Splenectomy in Cases of Abdominal Trauma? A Cohort Study
Authors: Banker Amay , Wärnberg Martin Gerdin , Gadgil Anita , Sarang Bhakti , Prajapati Ramlal , Soni Kapildev , Khajanchi Monty
Published: August 2021

Background

The spleen is protected by the ribs anteriorly, the vertebral column posteriorly and the pelvis inferiorly. Fractures to this bony cage may indicate a high-grade splenic injury necessitating splenectomy. We aim to determine whether fractures to the bony cage protecting the abdomen are associated with splenectomy.
Methods

We performed a subgroup analysis of patients with splenic injury from a prospective trauma registry study named ‘Towards Improved Trauma Care Outcomes’ (TITCO) in India. Out of the 16047 patients enrolled in the TITCO study, 267 patients with splenic injury were included. Categorical variables were analyzed using the chi square test and logistic regression was used to assess the significance of continuous variables. A multivariate analysis was performed on the factors deemed clinically most significant.
Results

Patients with a higher grade of splenic injury were more likely to require splenectomy when adjusted for other variables (p value < 0.05). Patients with fractures to the vertebrae or pelvis had reduced odds of splenectomy on unadjusted analysis [Odds ratio 0.43 (0.19–0.94)], but this was not significant when adjusted for other variables.
Conclusion

In contradiction to our initial hypothesis, we found that fractures to the bony cage protecting the abdomen were not significantly associated with the splenectomy.
Study on Damage Evolution Mechanism of Rock-Soil Mass of Accumulation Slope Based on Shaking Table Test
Authors: Yang Changwei , Tong Xinhao , Zhang Zhifang , Ma Sujian , Zhang Liang , Lian Jing
Published: August 2021

To investigate the seismic dynamic characteristics of the accumulation slope, a slope of the Zheduo Mountain tunnel along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway in China was selected as the prototype, based on dimensional analysis and similarity principle, two groups of model tests were carried out at 50° accumulation slope and 60° accumulation slope to obtain the dynamic response influenced by different amplitude of seismic wave. A transfer function analysis method suitable for shaking table test is proposed. Based on the data pretreatment method of eliminating trend terms and digital filter, the frequency response function was calculated by method of average periodic chart. And the variation of frequency response function was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient. At last, the least square iteration method was used for modal analysis. It is found that the transfer function changes obviously when both the slopes are destroyed, the weak interlayer has a significant influence on seismic wave transmission. The modal analysis results show that with the increase of the excitation intensity, the natural frequency decreases and the damping ratio increases.
Phytoremediation of Uranium-Contaminated Soil by Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.) Enhanced with Citric Acid Application
Authors: Rong Lishan , Zhang Shiqi , Wang Jiali , Li Shiyou , Xie Shuibo , Wang Guohua
Published: August 2021

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was planted in uranium-contaminated soil mixture (river sand and vermiculite mixed with equal volume ratio) supplemented with different amounts of citric acid (0, 1, 5, and 10 mmol/kg) and divided into 4 treatments (Con+0, Con+1, Con+5, and Con+10) to investigate the effects of citric acid concentrations on the remediation efficiency and enhanced mechanism of perennial ryegrass in the lab. The uranium content in the plant tissues showed that the roots were the predominant tissue for uranium accumulation, and the subcellular distributions of uranium in the root cells was in the order: cell wall fraction > cytosol fraction > organelle fraction. However, in the shoot cells the order was cell wall fraction > organelle fraction > cytosol fraction. In this study, the optimal concentration of citric acid added was 5 mmol/kg, and the removal efficiency of U in the shoots and roots increased by 47.37% and 30.10% respectively. The treatment with 5 mmol/kg citric acid had the highest contents of photosynthetic pigment and soluble protein, the highest activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the lowest content of MDA (malondialdehyde) and relative electrical conductivity. Moreover, the damage to the cell ultrastructure of perennial ryegrass observed by TEM (transmission electron microscope) was significantly alleviated when 5 mmol/kg citric acid was added. All results indicate that perennial ryegrass can accumulate uranium with elevated uranium tolerance and enrichment ability when 5 mmol/kg citric acid is added under uranium stress. These results suggest that citric acid has significant effects on improving the uranium phytoremediation potential of perennial ryegrass.
Social Learning Class Topper Optimization (SL-CTO) Based Hop Localization Technique for Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: MOHANTA TAPAN KUMAR , Das Dushmanta Kumar
Published: August 2021

To address the current situation limitation of traditional DV-Hop, we suggested a DV-Hop localization based on a rectification factor using the Social Learning Class Topper Optimization (SL - CTO) algorithm in that paper. In order to adjust the number of hops between beacon nodes, we have implemented a rectification factor in the suggested method. By measuring the dimensions of all the beacons at dumb nodes, the suggested algorithm decreases communication among unknown or dumb and beacon nodes. The model of network imbalance, It is often considered to be demonstrate a applicability of the Proposed approach in the anisotropic network. Simulations have been performed on LabVIEW@2015, and Comparisons were made with conventional DV-Hop, particle swarm optimization-based DV-Hop and runner-root optimization-based DV-Hop for our proposed algorithm. In comparison to current localization methods, simulation outcomes showed that the proposed localization technique reduces computing time, localization error variance and localization error.
Favorable Preoperative Exocrine Function Evaluated by 13C Trioctanoin Breath Test is a Significant Physiological Predictor of Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Kato Hiroyuki , Asano Yukio , Ito Masahiro , Kawabe Norihiko , Arakawa Satoshi , Shimura Masahiro , Koike Daisuke , Hayashi Chihiro , Kamio Kenshiro , Kawai Toki , Ochi Takayuki , Yasuoka Hironobu , Higashiguchi Takahiko , Tochii Daisuke , Kondo Yuka , Nagata Hidetoshi , Utsumi Toshiaki , Horiguchi Akihiko
Published: August 2021

Aim

The association between the pancreatic fistula (PF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and preoperative exocrine function has yet to be elucidated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between the preoperative results of 13C-trioctanoin breath test and occurrence of PF, showing the clinical relevancy of the breath test to predict the PF.
Method

In the present study, the subject were 80 patients who underwent 13C trioctanoin breath test prior to PD from 2006 to 2018. We conducted the uni- and multivariate analyses to reveal the preoperative predictor of PF, showing the association of the 13C trioctanoin absorption and incidence of PF.
Results:

Among 80 patients (Age:68.0+/-11.9, male/female:46/34, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: PDAC/non-PDAC: 30/50), the incidence of PF is 12.5% (10/80). When we compared the levels of 13C trioctanoin absorption between PF and non-PF group, preoperative fat absorption level is significantly higher than in the PF group than in the non-PF group (41.2+/-5.9 vs. 33.9+/-8.1, p = 0.019). Moreover, optimal cut-off value of the preoperative fat absorption level to predict PF was 38.0 (sensitivity:90%, specificity:74%, AUC:0.78, p = 0.005). Indeed, the incidence of PF was extremely higher in the patients whose value of breath test was greater than 38.0 (33%, 9/27) compared to the patients with those less than 38.0 (1.8%, 1/53).
Conclusion

Favorable preoperative fat absorption evaluated by 13C trioctanoin breath test is a feasible and objective predictor of PF after PD.
Origins And Processes of Groundwater Salinization Beneath Playa Lake Aquifers In Iran: A Chemical And Stable Isotope Approach
Authors: Mirzavand Mohammad , Ghazban Fereydoun
Published: August 2021

Groundwater salinization and interaction between Playa Lake and regional groundwater was investigated using multi-chemo-isotopic evidences. Forty groundwater and 26 Kashan Playa Lake (KPL) water samples collected and analyzed for their geochemical compositions. The evolution of hydrochemical facies in Kashan Plain Aquifer (KPA) to KPL is Ca-HCO3 (19%), Mix Ca-Cl (9%), Ca-Cl (17%), and Mix Na-Cl and Na-Cl (55%). Also, the Hydrochemical Facies Evolution Diagram (HFE-D) proposed cation exchange as the main process of salinization in KPA. Based on the binary hydrogeochemical diagrams of (Na+/ Cl-)/Cl-, (Ca2++Mg2+)/HCO3-+SO42-, and Cl/Br, dissolution of halite and gypsum in the Miocene marlstone in the KPA is the main source of salinity. The isotopic composition δ18O in aquifer and playa water samples varies from -10.03 to 7.03‰ (VSMOW) with an average of -6.95 ‰ and -60.73 to 25.08 ‰ with average of -45.82 ‰ for δ2H. Based on the result, the relation between δ18O and δ2H, and δ18O and Br, approve discharge of saline water from KPA to KPL. Likewise, the isotopic composition of δ34SO4, varies from 5.95 to 22.55 ‰ CDT in KPA, and 5.95 to 9.99 ‰ CDT in KPL. Also, the relation between δ18O- δ34SSO4 and Cl- δ34S were non-linear, indicating that sulphur concentration in KPA and KPL changed due to sulphide oxidation and sulphate reduction in the freshwater and deep brines in the aquifer and mixed during the over-pumping in the KPA. Oxidation of sulphide minerals such as galena (PbS), and Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) may have been the source of sulfur in Dore mine in western part of the aquifer (recharge zone) leached by seasonal runoff. In general, water–rock interaction, ion exchange, and hydraulic gradient have been the dominating factors in changing the water chemistry between aquifer and playa leading to saline groundwater discharged to the playa.
Activated Carbon (AC) Supported Nickel-Nanoparticles Prepared By Solid-Phase Method For Dry Reforming of Methane--Effect of Different Activated Carbons (ACs)
Authors: Li Longzhi , Chen Jian , Bai Yonghui , Song Zhanlong , Zou Guifu
Published: August 2021

In order to inhibit the apparent metal agglomeration and carbon deposition of the catalysts during the dry reforming of methane (DRM), the nickel nanoparticles supported over different types of activated carbon (AC) are synthesized by the solid-phase method. The main purpose of the work is to reveal the correlation of the support properties on the catalyst activity, and explore the effect of the support properties on the enhancem;ent of catalyst performance in the reforming process. The results show that the catalyst using AC1 as the support has the more uniform metal dispersion and form the least nickel nanoparticles of 4.11 nm, due to higher carbon content and the more developed surface area of AC1. It is also found that the catalyst prepared using AC1 shows high catalytic activity and long-term stability. Moreover, the catalyst of Ni/AC1 presents a self-enhancement of catalytic activity in the reforming process and promotes the conversion rates of CH4 and CO2 to 94.1% and 96.5%, respectively over 12 h. No obvious metal agglomeration is existed on the catalyst of Ni/AC1 after the reforming testing of 12 h. Meanwhile, the carbon deposit has little effect on catalytic performance, and metal agglomeration is the main affecting catalytic performance. In addition, the syngas generated using Ni/AC1 has a favorable H2/CO ratio of 1.
Induction of Micronuclei, Cellular Stress Response, and DNA Strand Breakage in Two Common Fish Species From Rivers and Reservoirs in Ilorin, Nigeria.
Authors: Anifowoshe Abass Toba , Oladipo Segun Olayinka , Oyinloye Arinola N , Opute Augusta , Odofin Edward , Aiki Omotola , Abdulrahim Moshood Y , Akinseye Kehinde Monica , Abdulkareem Saratu Iyabode , Iyiola Oluyinka A.
Published: August 2021

Indiscriminate discharge of home, agricultural, and industrial wastes into water bodies, most rivers and reservoirs around the world are becoming polluted. The ecotoxicological potential of this in fish species gathered from important reservoirs and rivers in Ilorin, Nigeria, was explored in this study. Unilorin reservoir, Asa reservoir, Apodu reservoir, Asa river (Unity), and Asa river (Unity) water samples were collected and physicochemical characteristics were investigated at five distinct sites: Unilorin reservoir, Asa reservoir, Apodu reservoir, Asa river (Unity), and Asa river (Unity) (Harmony). In Tilapia zillii and Clarias gariepinus, we measured serum biochemical (AST, ALT, ALP, serum ALB), histopathological (gills, lungs), and serum antioxidant enzyme responses (SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GST) as a biomarker for oxidative stress, while micronucleus and comet assays were used to detect DNA damage. Except for DO, which was very low in the two rivers, the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals evaluated in the five separate water bodies were within the allowed levels of the NSDWQ and WHO standard for drinking water. In comparison to the Unilorin, Apodu, and Asa reservoirs, a slight increase in Pb was observed across the five sampling sites, which could contribute to increased biochemical and haematological profiles, histopathological lesions in the gill and lungs, inductions of MN, NA, and DNA single strand break in T. zillii and C. gariepinus collected from Asa rivers. This could be due to the indiscriminate dumping of effluents from adjacent industries, agricultural wastes, and household wastes into rivers.
Research on SSDF Attack Detection Algorithm in Cognitive Internet of Things
Authors: Liu Miao , Yu Di , Huo Zhuo-Miao , Sun Zhen-Xing
Published: August 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm for connecting various heterogeneous networks.cognitive radio (CR) adopts cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) to realize the secondary utilization of idle spectrum by unauthorized IoT devices,so that IoT objects can effectively use spectrum resources.However, the abnormal IoT devices in the cognitive Internet of Things will disrupt the CSS process. For this attack, we propose a spectrum sensing strategy based on the weighted combining of the Hidden Markov Model. In this method, Hidden Markov Model is used to detect the probability of malicious attack of each node and report it to the fusion center (FC). FC allocates a reasonable weight value according to the evaluation of the submitted observation results to improve the accuracy of the sensing results.Simulation results show that the detection performance of spectrum sensing data forgery(SSDF) attack in cognitive Internet of Things is better than that of K rank criterion in hard combining.
Frequency/Laplace Domain Methods for Computing Transient Responses of Fractional Oscillators
Authors: Cao Qianying , Hu Sau-Lon James , Li Huajun
Published: August 2021

Although computing the transient response of fractional oscillators, characterized by second-order differential equations with fractional derivatives for the damping term, to external loadings has been studied, most existing methodologies have dealt with cases with either restricted fractional orders or simple external loadings. In this paper, considering complicated irregular loadings acting on oscillators with any fractional order between 0 and 1, efficient frequency/Laplace domain methods for getting transient responses are developed. The proposed methods are based on pole-residue operations. In the frequency domain approach, "artificial" poles located along the imaginary axis of complex plane are designated. In the Laplace domain approach, the "true" poles are extracted through two phases: (1) a discrete impulse response function (IRF) is produced by taking the inverse Fourier transform of the corresponding frequency response function (FRF) that is readily obtained from the exact TF, and (2) a complex exponential signal decomposition method, i.e., the Prony-SS method, is invoked to extract the poles and residues. Once the poles/residues of the system are known, those of the response can be determined by simple pole-residue operations. Sequentially, the response time history is readily obtained. Two fractional oscillators with rational and irrational derivatives, respectively, subjected to sinusoidal and complicated earthquake loading are presented to illustrate the procedure and verify the correctness of the proposed method. The verification is conducted by comparing the results from both the Laplace and the frequency domain approaches with those from the numerical Duhamel integral method.
WITHDRAWN: Neural Networks with the Correlative Layer for Multi-label Classiﬁcation
Authors: Liang Lixin , Shen Yongan , Lin Lin
Published: August 2021

Multi-label classification is a very significant but challenging task. Correlation between labels often exists, so recent works have paid much attention to using the correlation between labels to improve the classification performance. However, how to effectively learn the correlation is still a problem.
In this paper, a general framework, i.e., the neural network with the correlative layer (CLNN), is proposed, where the correlative layer is used to express the dependencies between labels. Different from existing work, CLNN first trains a neural network without the correlative layer to obtain rough classification results and then trains the whole neural network to adaptively adjust all the weights including those of the correlation layer. Thus CLNN could learn both positive/negative and strong/weak relationships between labels. We test CLNN with three typical neural networks, and experimental results show that neural network can achieve better performance by adding the correlative layer, which demonstrates that the CLNN framework is very effective.
Comparing Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Chronic Plantar Fasciitis: A Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhang Dong , Zhang Fengqi , Jin Lin , Shi Donglin , Hou Zhiyong
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPlantar fasciitis is a self-limiting disease that is a common cause of adult heel pain. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare the curative effect following platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections with extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), in the patients with chronic plantar fasciitis.Method:100 patients with plantar fasciitis were randomly divided into 2 groups (group A and group B), 50 patients in each group. Patients were treated with autologous PRP injection in group A and with dolorclast radial ESWT in group B. Outcomes were assessed prior to the therapy and at 3, 6,12, and 24 months following the therapy, which included American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, subjective satisfaction score and MRI studies were obtained in all cases to confirm the diagnosis of plantar fasciitis.ResultNo severe complications were recorded in the A and B groups. And in the treatment of plantar fasciitis have achieved good results. There was no significant difference in AOFAS scores between the two groups at 3 months after treatment. The AOFAS scores at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment in group A were 91, 85, 84, and 80. The AOFAS scores in group B were 89, 85, 83, and 79, respectively. Both groups of patients had significant improvement compared with before treatment(P<0.01).ConclusionThe observations in this study indicate that PRP and ESWT are safe and feasible options for the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis. But the long-term effect is not particularly satisfying.
Performance Evaluation of AOMDV and AODV in City Scenario With Changeable Traffic Density in VANETS BLSTM With Attention Mechanism
Authors: Devi S.
Published: August 2021

The survey indicates that VANETs use two vital routing protocols namely AODV and AOMDV. AODV is implemented by providing a single dedicated path between source and receiver and it doesn’t search for the alternate path in the case of an emergency situation. On the other hand, AOMDV is implemented by providing an intermediate participant node to reach the receiver i.e., it provides multipath and unlike AODV, it searches for the alternate path in the case of an emergency situation. Due to this capability, AOMDV finds its application in broad areas of research. In this paper, both the protocols are established and their performances are analyzed in terms of PDR, PLR, E2E, and Throughput. The simulation results are obtained using NS2.34. Using these results, the appropriate protocols can be implemented in real-time for various city environments with changeable traffic density and topography in the established network.
Unified energy law for fluctuating density wave orders in cuprate pseudogap phase
Authors: Li Rong , She Zhen-Su
Published: August 2021

The origin of the pseudogap and its relationship to symmetry-broken orders in cuprates have been extensively debated. Here, we report a unified energy law underlying the pseudogap, which determines the scattering rate, pseudogap energy, and its onset temperature, with a quadratic scaling of the wavevector of density wave order (DWO). The law is validated by data from over one hundred samples, and a further prediction that the master order of pseudogap transforms from fluctuating spin to charge DWO is also confirmed by independent measurements. Furthermore, the energy law enables our derivation of the well-known linear scalings for the resistivity of the strange metal phase and the transition temperature of the superconducting phase, shedding light on the universal origin of various phases. Finally, it is concluded that fluctuating orders provide a critical bridge linking microscopic spectra to macroscopic transport in cuprates, showing promise for the quantification of other strongly correlated materials.
Myeloid leukemia vulnerabilities at CTCF-enriched long noncoding RNA loci
Authors: Ng Michelle , Verboon Lonneke , Issa Hasan , Bhayadia Raj , Alejo-Valle Oriol , Borchert Dorit , Schuschel Konstantin , Regenyi Eniko , Reinhardt Dirk , Yaspo Marie-Laure , Heckl Dirk , Klusmann Jan-Henning
Published: August 2021

The noncoding genome presents a largely untapped source of biological insights, including thousands of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) loci. While some produce bona fide lncRNAs, others exert transcript-independent cis-regulatory effects, and the lack of predictive features renders mechanistic dissection challenging. Here, we describe CTCF-enriched lncRNA loci (C-LNC) as a subclass of functional genetic elements exemplified by MYNRL15, a pan-myeloid leukemia dependency identified by an lncRNA-based CRISPRi screen. MYNRL15 perturbation selectively impairs acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells over hematopoietic stem / progenitor cells in vitro, and depletes AML xenografts in vivo. Mechanistically, we show that crucial DNA elements in the locus mediate its phenotype, triggering chromatin reorganization and downregulation of cancer dependency genes upon perturbation. Elevated CTCF density distinguishes MYNRL15 and 531 other lncRNA loci in K562 cells, of which 43-54% associate with clinical aspects of AML and 18.4% are functionally required for leukemia maintenance. Curated C-LNC catalogs in other cell types will help refine the search for noncoding oncogenic vulnerabilities in AML and other malignancies.
Viral Transport Media (VTM) Pooling To Scale-Up COVID-19 Diagnostics: Resource Optimization at Population Level Screening
Authors: Gautam Pramod , Ahmad Faraz , Sharma Jyoti , Samal Jasmine , Singh Sugandha , Alam Anwar , Rade Kiran Kumar , Gupta Nivedita , Ehtesham Nasreen Z , Agrawal Usha
Published: August 2021

Background:

The threat of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still looming large on humankind. Pooled-testing can serve as a method of choice for current and future mass surveillance. The aim is to economically benefit in the face of resource-paucity in overburdened public health systems.
Methods:

This study assesses the viability of pooled-testing with viral transport media (VTM) for COVID-19 diagnosis. For this, we designed high-dilution pools using samples with wide-ranging viral loads. The testing employs common TaqMan-based RT-PCR assay considering biological as well as technical replicates.
Results:

We successfully detected a single positive sample in a pool (up to 1/32 dilutions) without loss of sensitivity. The results from biological and technical replicates were found to be satisfactory and reproducible for the objective. We have also discussed multiple variables that can influence the final outcome of pooled testing strategy.
Conclusions:

We show that pooling approach can be efficiently applied for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. We report improved pooling success compared to published studies, even with very low input volume of media, in very high pool-sizes using low-viral load samples. We consider these features to be unique to this study. The study outcomes are encouraging and can be implemented in public health settings to conserve precious resources.
Subtrochanteric Fractures: One Case Reports of Terrible Treatment
Authors: Duan Xu-zhou , Tong Da-ke , Zhang Hao , Ji Fang
Published: August 2021

Background: Deforming muscle forces make treatment of subtrochanteric fractures challenging. Choice of fixation method, meticulous preoperative planning, master the surgical techniques, respect the principles of biological osteosynthesis for subtrochanteric fractures are critical to reduce nonunion and reoperation rates.Case presentation: We present a clinical case who underwent sever years of treatment with five operations. It was a tragedy for the man and his family, as well as for surgeons. We hope this case has the potential to improve the cognition of subtrochanteric fractures for orthopedics surgeons, especially beginners and juniors.Conclusion: Choice of fixation method, meticulous preoperative planning, master the surgical techniques, respect the principles of biological osteosynthesis and concept of minimally invasive surgery for subtrochanteric fractures ars critical to reduce nonunion and reoperation rates.
Restoration of Some Anatomical Dimensions By Spiron Short Stem Hip Replacement Applied To Vietnamese People
Authors: Duc Thuan Mai , Quoc Dung Nguyen
Published: August 2021

Background: The process of using proximal bone in hip arthroplasty will allow the remaining bone to be preserved in future surgeries. To take advantage of these advantages, many types of short stem prosthetics have been developed in recent years. The obtained survey parameters combined with the obtained anatomical parameters shown that the Spiron joint is suitable when applied to adult Vietnamese.Research subjects and methods: The anatomical dimensions of the hip joint related to Spiron joint replacement were analyzed by the authors.Results: The anatomical results with Spiron showed that the acetabular average diameter and tilt angle were 49.77 mm and 41.55°. The femoral neck-to-body angle, the femoral upper-neck diameter, the distance from the crest to the hard shell along the femoral neck axis was on average 131.52°, 34, 32mm, and 51.39mm, respectively. The offset distance from the center of the crest to the axis of the femur is 38.33mm. These parameters show the working ability as well as stability when replaced by the Spiron joint.Conclusion: When applied to adult Vietnamese, the femoral neck diameter is consistent with the Spiron diameter. Preoperative planning is needed to check the femoral neck angle and femoral neck length prior to surgery to see if the Spiron joint replacement is eligible. The findings of this study support the assumption that it is feasible to use Spiron prostheses in joint replacement in Vietnamese adults.
Prediction of Protein-Protein Interactions Based On Weighted Extreme Learning Machine And Speed Up Robot Features
Authors: Zhai JinXuan , An Ji-Yong
Published: August 2021

Background：Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are involved in a number of cellular processes and play a key role inside cells. The prediction of PPIs is an important task towards the understanding of many bioinformatics functions and applications, such as predicting protein functions, gene-disease associations and disease-drug associations. Given that high-throughput methods are expensive and time-consuming, it is a challenging task to develop efficient and accurate computational methods for predicting PPIs .Results：In the study, a novel computational approach named WELM-SURF was developed to predict PPIs. The proposed method used Position Specific Scoring Matrix (PSSM) to capture protein evolutionary information and employed Speed Up Robot Features (SURF) to extract key features from PSSM of protein sequence. Weighted Extreme Learning Machine (WELM) is featured with short training time and great ability to execute classification efficiently by optimizing the loss function of weight matrix. Therefore, WELM classifier was used to carry out classification. The cross-validation results show that WELM-SURF obtains 97.36% and 95.12% of average accuracy on yeast and human dataset, respectively. The prediction ability of WELM-SURF was also compared with those of ELM-SRUF, SVM-SURF and other existing approaches. The comparison results further verify that WELM-SURF is obviously better than other methods.Conclusion：The experimental results proved that the WELM-SURF method is very useful for predicting PPIs and can also be applied to other bioinformatics studies of protein.
Construction of Adenovirus Vector Expressing Duck Sclerostin and its Induction Effect on Myogenic Proliferation and Differentiation In Vitro
Authors: Liu Hehe , Li Yanying , Xu Qian , Wang Jianmei , Han Chunchun , Bai Lili , Li Liang
Published: August 2021

Background: bones and muscles originated together from the mesoderm during embryogenesis, and they can influence each other through mechanical stimulations and chemical signals. The sclerostin (SOST) is secreted from mature osteocytes. Here, we used a bird model to illustrate the potential roles of SOST on duck myoblasts to verify the hypothesis that SOST might play functions in coordinating the development of bones and muscles. Methods and Results: Firstly, a recombinant adenovirus vector carrying duck SOST was constructed. Then, the adenovirus-mediated duck SOST was transfected into duck myoblasts. The results revealed by CCK-8 showed that the cell proliferation of myoblasts was inhibited after 12 h, 36 h, and 48 h treatment by transfection of SOST. The labeling rates of EdU positive cells in the Ad-duSOST group were significantly lower than the Ad-NC group (P<0.05). However, the flow cytometry showed that the G0/G1 phase number of cells was not significantly different. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence results showed that the formation of myotubes was inhibited. Subsequent transcriptome revealed that, under the ectopic expression of SOST, the genes related to Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, muscle development (regulation of action cytoskeleton, Wnt signaling pathway), and intercellular regulation were changed. Six of the top 20 DEGs were related to morphogenesis. Conclusions: Our studies demonstrated that the SOST played critical roles in myoblasts differentiation by mediating the crosstalk among several pathways and transcription factors related to cell differentiation. Our data provided cellular evidence supporting the combined functions of SOST in coordinating bone and muscle co-development.
The Prognostic Implications of Immune Classification Using IDO1 Expression in Extrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma
Authors: Noh Byeong-Joo , Choi Gun Moo , Jang Hyuk Jai , Ma Chung Hyeun , Oh Ho-Suk , Kim Moonho , Eom Dae-Woon
Published: August 2021

Background: Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an immunomodulatory enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of tryptophan to kynurenine (Kyn) and induces immune tolerance in tumour cells. The effects of IDO1 on extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma (EHBDC) are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the expression and prognostic significance of IDO1 in EHBDC. Methods: An immunohistochemical microarray analysis of IDO1 expression was performed for 77 surgically resected cases of EHBDC, and the results were compared with various clinicopathologic variables including survival data. CD8+ tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were also investigated to elucidate their relationship with IDO1 expression and prognosis through a combination analysis with IDO1 expression. Results: IDO1 was highly expressed in 25 of 76 (32.9%) cases. High expression of IDO1 was associated with decreased numbers of CD8+ TILs (P=0.008), a higher pN category (P=0.007), an advanced overall stage (P=0.001), and frequent recurrence (P=0.018). When IDO1 expression was further stratified with CD8+ TIL state, the IDO1high /CD8low subgroup showed the worst prognosis in terms of overall survival (P = 0.025, Cox risk ratio = 2.168) and disease-free survival (P = 0.015, Cox risk ratio = 2.460) in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our study confirmed that high IDO1 expression was correlated with a decreased number of CD8+ TILs and associated with a poor prognosis. As IDO1 may be a new target of immunotherapy applications, IDO1/CD8+ TIL subgrouping can be a useful prognostic prediction tool in the patients with EHBDC.
Divalent Metal Cations Stimulate Skeleton Interoception to Promote Bone Formation
Authors: Cao Xu , Qiao Wei , Pan Dayu , Zheng Yufeng , Wu Shuilin , Liu Xuanyong , Chen Zhuofan , Wan Mei , Feng Shiqing , Cheung Kenneth , Yeung Kelvin
Published: August 2021

Bone formation induced by divalent metal cations has been widely reported; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we report that these cations stimulate skeleton interoception by promoting prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion from macrophages. This imune response is accompanied by the sprouting and arborization of calcitonin gene-related polypeptide-α+ nerve fibers, which sense the inflammatory cue with PGE2 receptor 4 (EP4) and convey the interoceptive signals to the central nervous system. Activating skeleton interoception downregulates sympathetic tone for new bone formation. Moreover, either macrophage depletion or knockout of cyclooxygenase-2 in the macrophage abolishes divalent cation–induced skeleton interoception. Furthermore, sensory denervation or knockout of EP4 in the sensory nerves eliminates the osteogenic effects of divalent cations. Thus, our study reveals that divalent cations promote bone formation through the skeleton interoception circuit, a finding which could prompt the development of novel biomaterials to elicit the therapeutic power of these divalent cations.
The Combination of Intraoperative CT Navigation and C-arm Fluoroscopy for INFIX and Percutaneous TITS Screw Placement in the Treatment of Pelvic Ring Injury: Technical Note
Authors: Hiyama Akihiko , Ukai Taku , Nomura Satoshi , Watanabe Masahiko
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: The subcutaneous screw rod system, commonly known as the internal pelvic fixator (INFIX), is useful in managing unstable pelvic ring fractures. Conventional INFIX and transiliac–transsacral (TITS) screw techniques are performed using C-arm fluoroscopy. There have been problems with medical exposure and screw insertion accuracy with these techniques. This work describes new INFIX and TITS techniques using intraoperative computed tomography (CT) navigation and C-arm fluoroscopy for pelvic ring fracture.METHODS: Here is a typical case. An 86-year-old woman suffered an unstable pelvic ring fracture due to a fall from a height. INFIX and TITS screw fixation with intraoperative CT navigation was selected to optimize surgical invasiveness and proper implant placement.RESULTS: The patient was placed in a supine position on a Jackson table. An intraoperative CT navigation was imaged, and screws were inserted under the navigation. Postoperative X-rays and CT confirmed that the screw was inserted correctly. This technique was less invasive to the patient and had little radiation exposure to the surgeon.　Rehabilitation of walking practice was started early after the surgery, and she was able to walk with the assistance of a walker by the time of transfer. CONCLUSIONS: The technique employed in our case study has the cumulative advantages of safety, accuracy, and reduced radiation exposure, together with the inherent advantages of functional outcomes of previously reported INFIX and TITS screw techniques. Further experience with this approach will refine this technique to overcome its limitations and facilitate its wider use.