bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disability in Shona Proverbial Lore
Authors: Makaudze Godwin
Published: July 2019

Disability is a world-wide human condition approached differently by different societies. Contemporary society has seen efforts by United Nations (UN) member states to adopt, uphold and safeguard the rights of persons with disabilities. In Africa today, constitutions of various countries have provisions for the rights of persons with disabilities. However, the ratification of conventions and birthing of constitutions that pay heed to the rights of persons with disabilities do not mean that African societies had no place and platforms for those with disabilities before and now. In fact, disability did and still does exist, was and still is talked about, taught about, advised about and warned about too. Traditional African societies, then and now, have ways of approaching this human condition. Using the Afrocentricity theory, this article examines disability among the traditional Shona of Zimbabwe as captured and conveyed through the ethnic groupâ€™s proverbs. It examines Shona peopleâ€™s conceptualisation and teachings about disability. The article observes that the Shona have always known about the condition and its various forms and socialise their members into respecting those with such conditions, making available to them platforms for self-expression as well as being tolerant and patient with them. Inversely, the article observes that sometimes society has had an indifferent approach to those with disabilities, seeing and regarding them as less human. It concludes that the Shona have always been aware of disability as a human condition and continue to approach it in ways that are both positive and negative. The article recommends that African ways of looking at phenomena and human conditions be drawn on as a way of building on the positives enshrined therein.
Identity, Agency and Imagination in Literacy Acquisition Narratives of Northern Cape Teachers
Authors: Botha Liz Johanson , Hendricks Monica
Published: July 2019

In South Africa and internationally, studies using post-structuralist frameworks and social theory have thrown light on the roles played by identity and the imagination and by school and the broader society in literacy acquisition. This article contributes to research on these themes, analysing extracts from literacy acquisition narratives written by language teachers in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It explores the development of identity and agency that occurred through teachers’ experiential and imaginative engagement in communities of literate practice and concludes that the findings have pedagogical implications. Against the background of themes identified across 25 essays, extracts from four narratives are examined in detail, using concepts such as identity and community of practice. The analysis suggests that strong literate identities are rooted in literacy events and practices of home and neighbourhood communities, and in agency born out of experiences of difference encountered in society and through the imagination. It argues that such findings can be used to move teaching away from sterile and authoritative methods into more critical and participative pedagogies.
Knee Stability and Movement Coordination Impairments: Knee Ligament Sprain Revision 2017
Authors: Logerstedt David S. , Scalzitti David , Risberg May Arna , Engebretsen Lars , Webster Kate E. , Feller Julian , Snyder-Mackler Lynn , Axe Michael J. , McDonough Christine M.
Published: July 2019

The Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) has an ongoing effort to create evidence-based practice guidelines for orthopaedic physical therapy management of patients with musculoskeletal impairments described in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The purpose of these revised clinical practice guidelines is to review recent peer-reviewed literature and make recommendations related to knee ligament sprain.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017;47(11):A1–A47. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.0303
Identidade, transnacionalidade e fronteira entre os Chiquitanos: A Procissão de Santa Ana
Authors: Teles Gustavo Santos
Published: July 2019

O objetivo desse artigo é realizar uma análise de um ritual presente no imaginário de comunidades do povo Chiquitano na Bolívia e no Brasil. A procissão de Santa Ana, realizada anualmente como iniciativa da comunidade de Santa Ana constitui o objeto de estudo, que só se faz palpável ao retomarmos as construções históricas desse povo, que trazem a tona, relações de poder que atuaram em sua construção identitária.Esse processo de retomada de fontes históricas está aliado ao um exercício teórico de se pensar esse povo sob a ótica de duas fronteiras nacionais. Analisar como a fronteira atua como espaços de ruptura e conflito, elaborando originalidadepela multiplicação da experiência e realizando modificações espirituais e como a transnacionalidade atua na relação entre territórios e diferentes arranjos sócio- culturaise políticos. A busca é então pensar a maneira como o povo Chiquitano representa pertencimento a unidades sócio-culturais.
O estudo da etnicidade no ritual dos “Encomendadores de Almas” no município de Oriximiná
Authors: Soares Mariana Pettersen
Published: July 2019

Esse trabalho consiste em desenvolver um estudo sobre a temática da etnicidade, em relação aos grupos identitários existentes na região de Oriximiná, noroeste do Pará, que participam do ritual da “Encomendação das Almas”. Busca-se analisar a construção das diferenças culturais existentes no ritual, através dos dados obtidos nas pesquisas de campo no contexto regional referido acima.Para isso, recorreu-se a alguns subsídios teóricos. Em relação ao estudo da etnicidade através do ritual da “Encomendação das Almas”, os autores Barth, O‟Dwyer, Eriksen, entre outros, foram citados.
Connexions and condensation in the work of Jimmie Durham
Authors: Moiroux Sophie
Published: July 2019

The internationally renowned artist Jimmie Durham, who now lives in Europe,elaborated throughout his career a work of contemporary art which is profoundly rootedin his Cherokee culture, while efficiently engaging the art world which gives him anincreasingly important place (one of the rare such Amerindian artists). His artworkappears to combine: 1. Contemporary art devises and issues as well as western conceptsand viewpoint which he uses and assesses within pieces which are made for a (western)art public, 2. his Cherokee perspective on objects and the world (and 3. his ownpoetics). The condensation of these two perspectives within art pieces is paradoxical, forthey conceive and perceive things and relationships in the world in a priori incompatibleways. Paralleling his work, his own identity or persona is paradoxical, in that on the onehand he defines himself and is considered as an ‘international’ artist, therefore denyingthe ethnic label which has been applied to him in his early career and which he had tofight, and on the other hand he maintains that his only way to be is as a Cherokee. Thecontinuous colonisation and stereotypification of his peoples in the USA, and theirimpossibility to be seen as themselves, which the artist feels deeply, cast light on hisaim to be a “homeless orphan”. Being truly a Cherokee however does not prevent hisbeing an “international artist”, but rather contributes to it, and vice versa.
Introdução: Cosmopolítica nos Andes e na Amazônia-Como políticas indígenas afetam a política?
Authors: De la Cadena Marisol , Peña Jorge Legoas
Published: July 2019

Esta introdução visa apresentar o dossiê que discute as práticas indígenas enquanto políticas que ocupam esferas da vida moderna. Eles apresentam a diferença radical das práticas indígenas quando emergem em circunstâncias em que aqueles que não participam da radical diferença compartilham. A diferença que apresentam é radical porque surge de circunstâncias que não se conformam em divisões que separam a humanidade e seus outros (cultura e natureza, o animado e o inanimado, material e espiritual) e normatizam o entendimento da vida moderna. Em vez de dividir a norma, nestes artigos, montanhas são seres, sucuris são ancestrais, uma faca comunica, corpos (humanos e animais) resultam do que fazem (incluso o que comem), água se recusa a ser H2O. Assim, quando os artigos focam as práticas indígenas em vez de etnicidade, ou raça (as categorias usuais de análise da ‘alteridade’), assumem um caminho analítico, pois ambos os conceitos tomariam apenas humanos como protagonistas. Focalizando em diferenças entre humanos, seriam incapazes de incluir entidades as outras que não humanas como agentes das práticas indígenas que os trabalhos desta edição apresentam.
Intervenções estatais: Terras indígenas, agenda ambiental e representação indígena
Authors: Faleiro Rodrigo Paranhos
Published: July 2019

A partir da perspectiva “de dentro” alcançada pelo autor em sua atuação estatal no campo ambientalista-indigenista, este trabalho discute a trajetória das políticas ambientalistas diante das tradições tutelares do indigenismo no Brasil. Para isso, o artigo tomará como ponto de partida as práticas seculares de subordinação do protagonismo político indígena nas esferas estatais para articular diferentes níveis de análise. Como resultado, será apresentada uma leitura histórica do indigenismo tutelar e do ambientalismo conservacionista praticados no Brasil, perpassando o estabelecimento do Estado-nação, o domínio dos povos e das terras, a disciplinarização do campo indigenista e ambientalista e a internacionalização das agendas ambientais como etapas ao mesmo tempo antecedentes e estruturantes das condições atuais de diálogo interétnico.
KEEFEKTIFAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GAMBAR PUZZLE DALAM KETERAMPILAN MENULIS KALIMAT SEDERHANA BAHASA JERMAN SISWA KELAS XI MAN 1 MAKASSAR
Authors: Sunarti Sunarti , Dalle Ambo
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memeroleh data dan informasi tentang keefektifan penggunaan media gambar puzzle dalam keterampilan menulis kalimat sederhana bahasa Jerman siswa kelas XI MAN 1 Makassar. Desain penelitian ini adalah True Eksperimen (two grouppretest-posttestdesign). Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MAN 1 Makassar. Sampel dalam penelitian dipilih secara acak (random sampling) yakni siswa kelas XI IPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan siswa kelas XI IPA 3 sebagai kelas kontrol. Data dianalasis dengan menggunakan analisis Uji-t. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa th 6,134 > tt 2,003 pada taraf signifikan 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media gambar puzzle efektif dalam keterampilan menulis kalimat sederhana bahasa Jerman siswa kelas XI MAN 1 Makassar
KEEFEKTIFAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE SCRAMBLE DALAM KETERAMPILAN MENULIS KALIMAT BAHASA JERMAN SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 11 MAKASSAR
Authors: Sudarmi Sudarmi , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh data dan informasi mengenai keefektifan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe scramble dalam keterampilan menulis kalimat bahasa Jerman siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 11 Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah True experimental design. Data dianalisis  dengan  statistik inferensial. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik random sampling.  Hasil analisis data yang diperoleh melalui uji-t adalah thitung (11,24) > ttabel(2,002) pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model ini efektif dalam meningkatkan  keterampilan menulis kalimat bahasa Jerman siswa
ANALISIS KESALAHAN MORFOLOGI DALAM KARANGAN SEDERHANA BAHASA JERMAN SISWA KELAS XI SMAN 2 MAKASSAR
Authors: Malik Agung Rinaldy , Fatimah Syarifah
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi tentang kesalahan siswa kelas XI SMAN 2 Makassar pada tataran morfologi. Jenis penelitan ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan tes menulis bahasa Jerman. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode agih. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMAN 2 Makassar yang terdiri atas 10 kelas. Sampel penelitian ini adalah Random sampling.  Jumlah sampel adalah 1 kelas, yakni; kelas XI IPA 2 yang terdiri atas 24 siswa. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan morfologi yang muncul sebanyak 198 kesalahan. Kesalahan konjugasi kata kerja sebanyak 146 kesalahan dengan frekuensi 73,72% dan kesalahan siswa dalam mendeklinasi sebanyak 52 kesalahan dengan frekuensi  26,28%. Faktor penyebab munculnya kesalahan tersebut adalah faktor performansi dan kompetensi
PROBLEMATIKA PEMBELAJARAN KEMAMPUAN MENYIMAK BAHASA JERMAN SISWA KELAS XI SMAN 11 MAKASSAR
Authors: Pabumbun Agnes Rapi , Dalle Ambo
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan masalah-masalah pembelajaran kemampuan menyimak bahasa Jerman siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 11 Makassar. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara terhadap guru dan menyebarkan angket kepada siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 11 Makassar, yang terdiri dari siswa 33 siswa. Wawancara dilakukan dengan dua guru. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu masalah-masalah yang dihadapi dalam proses pembelajaran meliputi masalah internal dan eksternal. Masalah internal meliputi penguasaan aspek kebahasaan lainnya, minat, persepsi, fisik, dan psikologis sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi Lingkungan, guru, bahan ajar, sarana dan prasarana.
PEMILIHAN JENIS POHON MENJERAP DEBU DI MEDIAN JALAN KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Rahmadhani Suci , Yuwono Slamet Budi , Setiawan Agus , Banuwa Irwan Sukri
Published: July 2019

Trees species are suitable to be planted in the median of the road must be able to absorb and to reduce air pollution. Determination of leaf samples was carried out using the purposive sampling method. The measurement of dust was carried out using a laboratory experimental method, namely the gravimetric method. The results of the research show that the trees that have the greatest dust absorption ability on tanjung (Mimusops elengi) are 0.00123 gr/cm2 and trees that have the ability to lie falsely with mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni) are 0.00022 gr/cm2. Tanjung tree is a plant that has a high ability to absorb dust, has smooth, shiny leaves, curved leaves and curved upward, and fragrant flowers. Tanjung tree is the most effective tree planted in the median road for dust absorption. Tanjung trees are recommended to be planted in the median road so that dust in the air is reduced.
SALURAN PEMASARAN KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea robusta) DI AGROFORESTRI PEKON AIR KUBANG, KECAMATAN AIR NANINGAN, KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS
Authors: Pratiwi Annisa Marchantia , Kaskoyo Hari , Herwanti Susni , Qurniati Rommy
Published: July 2019

Agroforestry systems, with products in the form of robusta coffee, can increase income and environmental sustainability. The research objective is to find out the robusta coffee marketing channel. Retrieval of data through interviews with actors or institutions involved, observation, and documentation studies. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively about the structure, behavior, and market channels. The results of the study indicate that there are several marketing institutions, namely: farmers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and cooperatives. In addition, there are three channels of robusta coffee marketing, namely: (1) farmers to collectors, then wholesalers and retailers, (2) farmers to cooperatives, then retailers, and (3) farmers to cooperatives. The most efficient channel is the third channel, but most farmers choose to sell their coffee to the first channel. This is because of the closer distance to the collecting traders, the lending of money given to farmers by collecting traders, and the absence of special treatment for coffee sold. The market structure formed in coffee marketing is the oligopsonist market, where the price of coffee is determined by large traders. The capacity of cooperatives should be improved by the government in order to compete with collectors, wholesalers, and retailers.
Brain and learning
Authors: Suarez Angelica Maria Sabando , Martinez Maria Elena Moya , Mendoza Luis Raul Meza
Published: July 2019

The brain is an important organ that directs all the actions of the body and the intervention that it has in human behavior, is fundamental for the analysis of the subject since by means of its study it can be analyzed its structure, functioning, coordination, and control. Exercises in different actions, where they link the knowledge of What is the brain?. What is learning?. And What is neuroscience? to recognize the impact they exert on the daily actions of the human being. The present work uses the bibliographic reference where the information will have sustained, which aims to define the importance of the Brain and its relationship in learning activities, through experience and knowledge. Finally, the conclusions of the work ha exposed, where technological and scientific advances have detailed with respect to the importance of the brain in the learning and teaching processes, from different sciences, understanding the importance and development of the knowledge.
Análisis de artículos periodísticos y el papel de las políticas públicas de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación en su contenido
Authors: Urrego Zuluaga Carlos Andrés
Published: July 2019

El presente artículo busca analizar la relación entre las políticas públicas de ciencia, tecnología e innovación, el periodismo y la divulgación científica a través de la revisión de los contenidos de seis artículos periodísticos sobre ciencia. Tres en El País de España y tres en El Espectador de Colombia. Dicho análisis va de la mano con los lineamientos del curso de periodismo científico de la Federación Mundial de Periodismo Científico (WFSJ) y otros elementos base.
Convergencia de los determinantes jurídicos para los planes de ordenamiento territorial (POT) y la planeación de la contratación estatal: problemas públicos para una política pública
Authors: Vásquez Santamaría Jorge Eduardo
Published: July 2019

Los POT de los municipios deben acoger determinantes que se constituyen en normas de superior jerarquía en sus propios ámbitos de competencia. La materialización de los contenidos normativos de superior jerarquía requiere de la contratación, actividad acechada por problemas que obstaculizan y desvían la realización de aquellos contenidos que se insertan en los POT.
Desde la pregunta ¿Qué problemas hacen posible una política pública para la planeación de la contratación estatal, de manera que contribuya con la debida realización de los determinantes jurídicos de superior jerarquía desde los que se sustentan políticas previstas en los POT de Colombia?, se determinaron los componentes iniciales de una política pública para la planeación de la contratación estatal que asegure la realización de los fines del Estado, reglados desde los determinantes de superior jerarquía. Para ello se empleó una metodología cualitativa apoyada en el enfoque histórico hermenéutico y centrada en la investigación documental.
Como problemas públicos se identificaron la indeterminada situación del principio de planeación, la desatención de la Ley 80 de 1993 a la teoría económica, la incompletud del contrato estatal y su obligada renegociación, los riesgos, la teoría de la imprevisión, la ecuación contractual y el equilibrio económico en los contratos, y la exclusión de entidades estatales.
área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá y las Provincias. Retos de unión social y política
Authors: Muñoz Cardona Ángel Emilio
Published: July 2019

El fenómeno de conurbación generado por el crecimiento económico en el Valle de Aburrá obliga a los gobiernos a implementar políticas que contrarresten los efectos negativos de las economías de aglomeración; ¿qué está haciendo el gobierno para reducir los impactos de las inmigraciones en el territorio?, ¿por qué el Área Metropolitana posee reconocimientos internacionales de innovación en cultura? La investigación se basa en estadísticas sobre condiciones de vida de 10.725 familias, comunicaciones personales con funcionarios públicos de planeación municipal y en fuentes documentales de la administración pública. La investigación concluye que la región crece por la fuerza de la unión social, política y empresarial intermunicipal.
Anxiety managements in patients with myocardial infarction: a literature review
Authors: Siwi Adiratna Sekar , Hidayat Arif Imam
Published: July 2019

Background: Myocardial Infarction (MI) prevalence is increasing over the world. The patient with MI tend to have anxiety which could worsened their condition and quality of life. The anxiety in patients with MI could increase re hospitalization and mortality rate. Therefore, there is a need of better understanding regarding Anxiety in patients with MI.Objective: This study was conducted to reviews the evidence regarding management of Anxiety in patients with MI.Methods: Literature study was conducted through online searching. PubMed, Else-vier/Science Direct, and Ovid SP, were used and all of the included articles were published in English. Important information and analysis were extracted into tables which consisted of topics and authors, year of publication, design of the study, variables, subjects, intervention, data analysis, result, strength/weakness, and level of evidence.Results: The result of the analysis present the intervention to manage anxiety in patients with MI. There are four main interventions to reduce anxiety in patients with Myocardial Infarction patients, which are aromatherapy, massage, education process, and music therapy. The intervention can be conducted separately or in combine togetherConclusion: Aromatherapy, massage, education process, and music therapy effectiveness to reduce anxiety in patients with MI.
IMPLEMENTASI TEKNIK PROYEKSI PENDIDIKAN PADA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM IAIN KEDIRI TAHUN 2018/2019 – 2027/2028
Authors: Purnomo Nurul Hudha
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Management of students is an act of managing students since the first time they enroll in the institution until their graduation using effective and efficient ways so that they can achieve the educational goals set by the institution. In the process of management of students, the first thing to do is planning. At the planning stage, there is a process of determining future plan, which one of its methods is education projection. Projections are estimations of future conditions using existing data. The method used in the projection is to use the growth rate (AP), while the data is taken from the number of new students and graduates of the Islamic Education (PAI) study program, using the assumptions of upward targets. The result of the education projections on the number of new students obtained by the AP data is 0.6 percent. This result was used to carry out projections for the next 9 years so that the target in 2027 would be obtained by 460 students. The AP data for PAI alumni is 9.94 percent. This data is used to carry out projections, so that by 2027 it is targeted that the number of graduates will increase to 460 students. This data is expected to be useful to determine the planning of the number of lecturers, facilities and infrastructure.
Abstrak: Manajemen peserta didik adalah pengelolaan peserta didik mulai dari saat peserta didik masuk di institusi sampai dengan lulus perkuliahan secara efektif dan efisien sehingga dapat mencapai tujuan pendidikan yang telah ditetapkan oleh institusi. Pada proses manajemen peserta didik hal yang pertama kali dilakukan adalah perencanaan , pada tahap perencanaan terdapat proses menetapkan rencana pada masa datang salah satu metode yang dilakukan adalah proyeksi pendidikan. Proyeksi adalah perkiraan tentang kondisi yang akan datang dengan menggunakan data yang ada. Metode yang digunakan dalam proyeksi adalah dengan menggunakan angka pertumbuhan (AP), data yang digunakan jumlah mahasiswa baru dan lulusan program studi Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Asumsi yang digunakan menggunakan target naik. Hasil dari proyeksi pendidikan pada jumlah mahasiswa baru diperoleh AP data sebesar 0,6 persen, hasil ini digunakan untuk melakukan proyeksi 9 tahun kedepan sehingga didapatkan target pada tahun 2027 sejumlah 460 mahasiswa. AP data untuk alumni PAI adalah sebesar 9,94 persen, data tersebut digunakan untuk melakukan proyeksi, sehingga pada tahun 2027 ditargetkan jumlah lulusan meningkat menjadi 460 mahasiswa. Data ini diharapkan dapat berguna untuk menentukan rencana jumlah dosen, sarana dan prasarana.
Limites e possibilidades para a configuração do reconhecimento em redes sociotécnicas
Authors: Reis Angela Pintor dos
Published: July 2019

Este estudo discute como os atributos de redes

sociotécnicas podem colaborar para a emergência

de formas mediáticas do reconhecimento e também

podem colocar em xeque a possibilidade dessa

experiência intersubjetiva. A reflexão se articula

a partir das seguintes bases: a epistemologia

do reconhecimento desenvolvida por Honneth;

os princípios e as funcionalidades do Facebook,

assumidos como corpus de referência; e o

procedimento adotado e discutido por Deleuze, de

subtração de elementos de um objeto para a liberação

de seus sentidos não dominantes. A relação entre

essas bases levou ao deslocamento conceitual do

reconhecimento para sua admissão no contexto de

redes sociotécnicas.
Rastros e imagens sobreviventes na era de Aquarius: corrosão e gentrificação na metrópole de Kléber Mendonça Filho
Authors: Gomes Renato Cordeiro , Siciliano Tatiana Oliveira
Published: July 2019

Os filmes de Kléber Mendonça Filho, especialmente Aquarius (2016), propiciam uma reflexão sobre as representações da metrópole e suas implicações politicas e éticas. Discute-se o direito à cidade (Lefebvre) a partir do imperativo do progresso - o binômio demolição/construção, o apagamento da memória, combinado aos processos de gentrificação. A resistência a tais processos marca a trama, centrando-se na protagonista a que podemos atrelar as categorias “rastro” (Benjamin) e “sobrevivência da Imagem” (Didi-Huberman). A cidade contemporânea é alegorizada nas imagens do câncer e dos cupins, que remetem à corrosão: a doença do corpo humano e urbano, cujo lócus é a metrópole.
EKSISTENSI BAITUL HIKMAH SEBAGAI LEMBAGA KAJIAN KEILMUAN PADA MASA PEMERINTAHAN KHALIFAH AL-MAKMUN
Authors: Romdloni Romdloni
Published: July 2019

Aktifitas keilmuan pada masa khalifah Al Makmun (198-218 H/ 813-833 M) mencapai masa keemasan dalam sejarah kemajuan Islam, karena khalifah sendiri adalah seorang ulama’ besar. Majelis al Makmun penuh dengan para ahli ilmu, ahli sastra, ahli kedokteran, dan ahli filsafat. Mereka diundang oleh al-Makmun dari segala penjuru dunia yang telah maju. Terkadang al-Makmun sendiri berperan aktif dalam berdiskusi dan berdebat dengan para ahli tersebut. Untuk mengikuti perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan saat itu, Khalifah Al Makmun memperluas Baitul Hikmah (Darul Hikmah) yang telah didirikan ayahnya Harun Ar Rasyid sebagai akademi ilmu pengetahuan pertama di dunia. Baitul Hikmah diperluas menjadi lembaga perguruan tinggi, perpustakaan, dan tempat penelitian. Lembaga ini juga memiliki ribuan buku ilmu pengetahuan.
The Identification of the Intrinsic Nature of Time
Authors: Vesterby Vincent
Published: July 2019

For millennia people have speculated about the nature of time—without success. Time plays a role with all processes and events studied by all the disciplines. It is reported here that the existence of time is a direct consequence of the existence of space. Space exists, and it continues to exist. Space is there, and it continues to be there. Space exists as place, the three-dimensional place that matter can occupy. The three-dimensional extension of spatial-place is measured with a ruler of some kind. Place, three-dimensionality, and extension are intrinsic-qualities of space itself. The continuing-existence of space is a direct consequence of the existence of space. The continuing-existence of space is measured with a clock. Spatial continuing-existence also has intrinsic-qualities. A list of the qualities of the continuing-existence of space appears to be the same as a list of the qualities of time. Seventeen qualities of the continuing-existence of space are compared to the equivalent qualities of time. There is an exact match between the qualities of time and the qualities of spatial continuing-existence. The qualities and roles of the continuing-existence of space fulfill all the known qualities and roles of time. Realizing that spatial continuing-existence is time makes time understandable, and clarifies the relations of time to matter, change, and process.
Holographic subregion and holographic focusing
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: July 2019

Holographic subregion and holographic focusing
Does exposed JSON data make paid e-songs vulnerable?
Authors: Pal Jimut Bahan
Published: July 2019

JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is a popular way of interchanging data between the client and servers. It is easy for computers to scan and create JSON objects; is it a secure way of transferring data? If the JSON is exposed, then the answer is no as JSON makes scraping easier. When raw data is scraped from the web it is useless, unless we get the meaningful items from it. With the help of automated bots some companies regularly scrap their competitors’ website for continuous monitoring opponents’ progress, without any human interaction. Google is a good example of scraper which scraps the entire internet at a very fast rate to store in their database, with an intention to implement page rank algorithm that indexes the pages. This paper investigates a popular website, for exposed JSON, to download paid e-songs free of cost. Results show that sites lack security for which it may result in the loss of their earnings.
ANALISIS SOAL UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER II MATA PELAJARAN IPA KELAS VIII SMP PEMBANGUNAN LABORATORIUM UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG DAN SMP PERTIWI SITEBA PADANG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2015/2016
Authors: Amrianto  , Zein Anizam , Darussyamsu Rahmawati
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research to know the quality of the question quantitatively (reliability, validity, distinguishing features, level of difficulty, and quality detractors). This research was a descriptive research. The population was all the answer sheets of students Mid Semester Exam II IPA class VIII SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP and SMP Pertiwi Padang Siteba in academic year 2015/2016. Sample technique using total sampling with sample was 225 students answer sheets. Data were analyzed using the program ANATES ver.4.0.2. Based on the results of the research, then obtained: 1) the reliability of 0.55 with sufficient criteria; 2) the validity of 15% valid and 85% invalid; 3) distinguishing features about 15% good, 53% moderate and 13% bad; 4) the level of difficulty about 8% is very difficult, 25% difficult, 62% medium and 5% easy; 5) quality detractors about 88% of working and 12% do not function properly. Thus, it can be concluded that the matter has not met the criteria of a good question, so the need for revision.
ANALISIS MINAT DAN MOTIVASI DALAM PENULISAN KARYA ILMIAH PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA UNIVERSITAS FLORES
Authors: Lidi Maria Waldetrudis , Ningsih
Published: July 2019

One effort to improve the education is by doing research because it can improve someone competence which is found by the motivation and needs in developing a scientific writing. This research is a descriptive qualitative. Subject of this research is analyzing the students’ needs and motivation in mathematics study program toward ability to write a scientific writing for academic years 2015/2016 with involved 109 students in semester II to semester VI randomly. This research was conducted at Mei-June 2016. Data collection was taken by giving the questionaire. Due to the result of the analysis, and discussion so that it can conclude that students’ need to write the scientic writing 70% is categorized strong, meanwhile intrinsinc motivation is strongest than extrinsic motivation. It can show by the data of students’ extrinsinc motivation is 55%, meanwhile intrinsic motivation is strongest is about 92%.
Computational models of mentalizing
Authors: Gonzalez Bryan , Chang Luke J.
Published: July 2019

Humans have a remarkable ability to infer and represent others’ mental states such as their beliefs, goals, desires, intentions, and feelings. In this chapter, we review some of the innovations that have developed in economics, computer science, and cognitive neuroscience in modeling the computations underlying several mentalizing operations. Broadly, this involves building models of how agents infer the mental states of other agents within constrained environments. These models include modules for: representing the goals and desires of an agent (e.g., maximize reward, or minimize embarrassment), inferring the mental states of other agents (e.g., beliefs, goals, desires, intentions, and feelings), and integrating these goals and mentalizing computations to produce optimal behavioral policies to navigate the environment. The mathematical operationalization of these constructs provides a general framework that can be validated by behavior and neural recording techniques and extended in the future by contributions from multiple scientific disciplines.
Imagine avoidance: Induction of conditioned avoidance via mental imagery
Authors: Krypotos Angelos-Miltiadis , Mertens Gaëtan , Leer Arne , Engelhard Iris
Published: July 2019

Excessive avoidance is a key diagnostic criterion across mental disorders. Theoretical modelsargue that such avoidance is acquired via direct experience, instructions, or social observation.Here, we investigated whether avoidance can also be acquired via mental imagery. Participantslearned to associate a neutral stimulus (A+) with a shock and two other neutral stimuli (B-, C-)without shock. Afterwards, they learned to avoid A+ but not C- Then, they imagined that Bwouldbe followed by the shock (Experiment 1; ! = 66) or they imagined a shock while B- waspresented (Experiment 2; ! = 60). Results showed that when participants were afterwardspresented with unreinforced presentations of A+, B-, or C-, they tended to avoid B- if they wereinstructed to imagine the B- together with the shock but not when they imagined the shock alone.We extend on how our findings could explain the acquisition of excessive avoidance.
Introduction to the Reproducible Open Coding Kit (ROCK)
Authors: Peters Gjalt - Jorn Ygram , Zörgő Szilvia
Published: July 2019

The Reproducible Open Coding Kit (ROCK) was developed to facilitate reproducible and open coding, specifically geared towards qualitative research methods. Although it is a general-purpose toolkit, three specific applications have been implemented: an interface to the rENA package that implements Epistemic Network Analysis (ENA); means to process notes from Cognitive Interviews (CIs); and means to work with a decentralized construct taxonomy (DCT). In this introduction, first a general overview of the logic behind ROCK will be given, after which each of those three use cases will be discussed.
Conceptualizing Fiduciary Structures That Create Demand For Development Outcomes
Authors: Gugelev Alice , Gungadurdoss Avnish , Lee Jared , Sedlmayr Richard , Stumpf Andrea Emily
Published: July 2019

To realize the promise of outcomes funding in international development, fiduciary structures must be put in place that pool funds, create demand for outcomes, and manage associated risks. We discuss which features such structures should have and which they should avoid, and list criteria to help assess alternative institutional options.
Tratar-mentes:Tratamientos psicológicos alternativos
Authors: Araya Matías Luciano
Published: July 2019

The research seeks to know the experiences and perspectives of twenty-eight people who suffer from some type of emotional disorder, about psychotherapy, alternative therapies, the use of psychotropic and alternative medicine, and the symptoms that led to their diagnosis or self-diagnosis. A qualitative survey was carried out, disseminated from different social networks in groups related to the theme. The results show a good experience with psychotherapy, alternative treatments, and alternative medicine as an adjunct to treatment. While it highlights a high number of testimonies against the effectiveness of psychotropic drugs and their side effects. In addition, there is a high rate of self-diagnosis in the people surveyed.
Synthesis of Polyurethane Based on (Resol Novolac Resin- Polyethylene Glycol) Copolymer and Their Analytical Study
Authors: Abdulaa Adnan Maiada
Published: July 2019

Resol novolac resin was prepared by condensation of novolac resin with formalin solution in the presence of sodium hydroxide as catalyst, then new copolymer were prepared by reaction of this resin with polyethylene glycol. This new copolymer was supported on polyurethane foam as solid phase and applied to separation a mixture of  Cr(III) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions prior to the determination by flame atomic absorbtion spectrometry. The optimum conditions of some parameters effect on recovery of the ions such as acidity, eluent condition, shaking time, and eluent flow rate were investigated. At pH 4,5, the maximum recovery (90%) of Cd(II) by stripping with 40 ml of  (1N) nitric acid ,while for Cu (11) was 80 % with 50 mL of (2N) nitric acid .On the other hand thermal stability for the prepared polyurethane was evaluated by TGA.
Transformation towards Human Resource Information Systems
Authors: Anitha J. , Aruna M.
Published: July 2019

This paper has explored the various factors namely technological factors, organisational factors, environmental factors and psychological factors that influence in the adoption of Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS). The purpose of the paper is to focus on the factors essential for the adaptability and capability of companies to accept the introduction of information systems like HRIS. The paper is descriptive in nature and the respondents are the users of HRIS in small, medium and large scale companies. The users are the employees, managers and executives of the information technology sector. The techniques of descriptive statistics, one way ANOVA, correlation, and linear regression are used in the analysis to measure the existing level of the influential factors of HRIS. The environmental factor is found to have a profound influence on the adoption of HRIS. This implies that the competitiveness and external pressure are the vital forces for the company to sustain in the global environment and in adopting new technologies. As, this paper has focused only on the respondents from the information technology sector,it can be extended to manufacturing and automobile sectors for a comprehensive model development. The model developed can be considered as a main tool for an organisation for introducing new information systems like HRIS. This also encompasses specific components for successful adoption of HRIS.
Effect of Women’s Role on Household Decision Making on Institutional Delivery of the recent Child in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Ramesh
Published: July 2019

Nepalese women are behind than men in many areas, such as educational attainment, participation in decision-making and health service utilization, all of which have an impact on reproductive health outcomes. This paper explores effect of women's role on household decision making on institutional delivery of the child in Nepal Data as drawn from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2011. The analysis is confined to women who had given birth in the five years preceding the survey (n=4,148). The net effect of women’s role on household decision making on institutional delivery after controlling for the effect of other predictors has been measured through multivariate logistic regression analysis. The findings indicate that institutional delivery was still very low in Nepal. Only two in five of the women (40%) had delivered their last child with health facilities. Notably, higher level of women’s role on household decision was associated with higher level of institutional delivery [adjusted odds ratio (aOR=1.20)] than their comparison group. It can be concluded that programs should aim to increase use of maternal health services by improving women’s role on household decision making so that the overall well-being of the family can be maintained and enhanced.
Maternal Health Care Service Utilization and Its Role in Postpartum Family Planning Use in Nepal
Authors: Dulal Momal Prasad
Published: July 2019

Family planning and maternal health care programme has been initiated in an integrated approach for a long time in Nepal. However, the use status of family planning method could not be presented at good instance. The International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), 1994 and later millennium development goal 2002, both paved the way out for the situation mostly in the developing countries. Nepal also has made some changes in its services aiming to reduce high maternal mortality and promote to use family planning method. Use of family planning method within 12 months after childbirth could be a right solution for many developing countries like Nepal having high unintended birth. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse the role of maternal health care service utilization in initiating use of family planning method after post-partum period. Women’s data file from Nepal Demographic Health Survey, 2011 has been used for the analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analysis result have revealed that the role of delivery care, controlling other variables seems to be much appreciable in getting family planning use within 12 months of delivery. Effects of some study variables besides delivery care remains unchanged in different models. Therefore, embracing family planning programme along with maternity care components would have implications towards - increasing current use of family planning, reducing the chances of unwanted/unintended birth, providing opportunities to control over female own body, contribution in achieving replacement level fertility and maintaining good health for both mother and the baby.
Present State of Coffee Production and Consumers Behaviour on Preferences of Nepalese Coffee
Authors: Karki Yogendra Kumar , Karki Punya Prasad
Published: July 2019

Nepal has enormous potential for cultivation of coffee as the climate is suitable throughout the mid hills of the country. High demand of coffee and higher price, comparative to other crops in the international market lure farmers for its cultivation. This paper deals with the present state of same product focusing on the production and consumer behaviour on preferences of Nepalese coffee. For the study, growth rate in area, production and yield of coffee was estimated using the secondary information. Similarly import and export trend of coffee was estimated through secondary information. Consumers behaviour on preferences of coffee was analyzed through individual survey by selecting 120 consumers randomly including coffee-drinker and restaurant owners. Semi-structured questionnaire was administered to study the consumers behaviours. The study revealed that annual growth rate of area under coffee and its production during 1999 to 2013 was 11.61 percent and 10.59 percent, respectively. Whereas, the productivity of coffee during the same period decreased by 1.01 percent. The decline in productivity might be due to problem of irrigation, inadequate nutrient supply and diseases and pests. Large proportion of coffee produced in Nepal is exported. However, the analysis showed that there is decrease of coffee export by 25.6 per cent annually due to increase in local consumption of coffee. Analysis also showed that the foreign people prefer foreign coffee in comparison to Nepalese coffee (p-value is <0.000) and generally consume three cups of coffee per day (p-value=0.008), while in case of Nepalese consumers, it is only two cups per day.
Access of Key Population to Available HIV and TB Services in Nepal: A Cross Section Study
Authors: Subba B.B. , Rimal N. , Shrestha B.M.
Published: July 2019

Introduction: TB is considered one of the opportunistic infection among PLHIV. The increasing burden of HIV/TB co-infection among key population cause problem to maintain adherence to ART and DOTS services. The emergence of MDR-TB is one of the greatest challenge to control and management of both diseases. However, having knowledge and information of both diseases are important role to access the available HIV/TB services.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among key population who had HIV/TB co-infection in two-epidemic zone of Nepal. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. ANOVA test was done to analyze the collected data by using SPSS version 20.0.

Results: A total of 343 HIV/TB co-infected individuals were enrolled to the study. Most of participants were from ART and DOTS clients. Therefore, the study found that there was significance difference found between knowledge about TB (F=4.400, p= 0.005), causative agent of TB (F=3.160, p=0.025), risk of TB illness among PLHIV (F=8.491, p=0.001) and among key affected population. Moreover, there was significance difference found between access to OI treatment (F=5.113, p=0.002) and access to viral load (F=4.642, p=0.003) among key study population. In gender perspective, there was no significance difference to use and access to available HIV/TB services.

Conclusion: The general knowledge on HIV/TB co-infection was significant association with key population. The knowledge on HIV/TB and access to NGOs’ help can significant effect to access the available HIV and TB services.
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KENIKIR (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA TIKUS PUTIH GALUR WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN
Authors: Pujiastuti Endra , Amilia Desi
Published: July 2019

Daun kenikir merupakan tanaman yang mempunyai kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang diduga mempunyai efek menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol daun kenikir terhadap penurunan glukosa darah pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar yang diinduksi aloksan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Hewan uji ada 24 ekor yang dibagi dalam 6 kelompok yaitu normal, negatif, positif dan 3 konsentrasi ekstrak diantaranya 150 mg/KgBB, 300 mg/KgBB dan 600mg/KgBB. Pengukuran kadar glukosa darah dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah penginduksian aloksan serta setelah pemberian perlakuan selama 5 hari. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan metode One Way ANOVA. Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun kenikir selama 5 hari dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan presentase 36,5% pada dosis 150 mg/KgBB, 36,3% pada dosis 300 mg/KgBB dan 42,5% pada dosis 600 mg/KgBB. Sedangkan pada uji one way ANOVA menunjukkan nilai signifikasi 0,00   0,05 yang artinya ada perbedaan yang nyata antar kelompok perlakuan dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa. Ekstrak etanol daun kenikir dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus putih galur wistar yang diinduksi aloksan dan dosis paling efektif dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah adalah 600 mg/kgBB.Kata Kunci : Ektrak daun kenikir, Kadar glukosa darah, Aloksan, Cosmos caudatus Kunth.