bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of neural language models for research article classification into sustainable development goals
Authors:   , Flores Villanueva Daniela
Published: October 2023

La sustentabilidad ha ganado mucha atención recientemente, que se han empezado a evidenciar los efectos del cambio climático y daño al medio ambiente. Esto ha hecho necesario tomar acciones urgentes para poder continuar habitando en el planeta Tierra. Un primer paso en esta dirección es medir la contribución actual de las universidades a los objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Así, en esta tesis se exploró el uso de modelos de lenguaje basados en Transformers para desarrollar un clasificador de para artículos académicos. Este modelo podría lograr que las instituciones académicas midan su contribución a la sustentabilidad y también promover la colaboración entre investigadores de diferentes áreas para resolver desafíos del mundo actual. Se propone un modelo RoBERTa al que se aplicó fine-tuning que alcanza un f1-score de 73%. Adicionalmente se estudió el uso de dos técnicas de Inteligencia Artificial Explicable (XAI): mecanismos de atención y gradientes integrados, para entender las predicciones generadas por el modelo. Finalmente, se condujo un estudio de usuario para descubrir cuál de los métodos de explicación descritos es mejor, a través del uso de técnicas de visualización de texto. Se concluye que los mecanismos de atención ayudan más que los gradientes integrados a entender las predicciones del modelo, incluso cuando dichas predicciones son erróneas.
Modelo de Markowitz en dos etapas para optimizar planes de exportación de commodity
Authors:   , Vargas Cisternas Nicolás Alejandro
Published: October 2023

La volatilidad promedio del precio de los commodities entre los años 2004 y 2014 cuadruplicó a la registrada entre los años 1994 y 2004. Esta volatilidad representa un gran desafío para los exportadores de commodities, quienes al planificar la exportación deben anticipar el precio del commodity al llegar al mercado demandante. Para reducir su exposición a la volatilidad de precios, los exportadores pueden diversificar su exportación en más de un mercado y tomar acciones correctivas en una etapa posterior con más información. Así, las utilidades de la exportación podrían ser menos sensibles a fluctuaciones inesperadas de precios en el mercado. El objetivo de esta investigación es diseñar una herramienta que le permita a un productor o exportador de commodity decidir hacia dónde, en qué momento y qué cantidad de commodity exportar para maximizar sus utilidades, en función del riesgo máximo en el que esté dispuesto a incurrir. Para ello, formulamos el problema de exportación a través de un modelo de programación estocástica en 2 etapas, en inglés Two Stage Stochastic Programming (TSSP), que acota el riesgo de la utilidad a través de una restricción de varianza máxima. Luego, utilizando un caso de estudio basado en la exportación de uva desde Chile hacia 6 de sus principales mercados demandantes, cuantificamos el impacto sobre la utilidad esperada de: la tolerancia al riesgo del exportador, el costo de inventario y las covarianzas entre los precios del commodity en los mercados demandantes. También, mostramos que la capacidad de reaccionar dinámicamente a la información de precios que se disponibiliza en el tiempo, puede aumentar la utilidad esperada en hasta un 9%. Finalmente, a través de simulación de Montecarlo, mostramos que las utilidades obtenidas por el modelo TSSP desarrollado en esta investigación son mayores a las obtenidas por un modelo a priori, es decir, uno que no recomienda acciones correctivas ante cambios en la información de precios.
Deep learning methods for intelligent cyber-physical systems
Authors:   , Langarica Chavira Saúl Alberto
Published: October 2023

Los sistemas ciberfísicos (CPSs) han surgido en los últimos años como un nuevo paradigma que fusiona varias tecnologías para permitir la interfaz entre el mundo físico y el cibernético. Esto ha abierto la puerta al uso de técnicas de inteligencia artificial (AI) para interactuar con el mundo físico en tiempo real. Sin embargo, la interacción con sistemas físicos reales impone una serie de desafíos que estaban ausentes en los dominios de aplicación para los que se diseñaron originalmente estas técnicas basadas en datos, y se hace necesario la creación de un nuevo conjunto de modelos y métodos específicamente diseñados para hacer frente a estas dificultades. Esto ha limitado una adopción más amplia de los métodos de AI en los CPSs y en cambio, muchos han optado por métodos clásicos de filtrado, modelado y control para el desarrollo de este tipo de sistemas. En esta tesis se muestra como los CPSs pueden verse altamente beneficiados en diferentes niveles de su arquitectura al incorporar métodos inteligentes basados en datos, en particular, métodos de aprendizaje profundo cuidadosamente diseñados para lidiar con las dificultades inherentes que impone la interacción con sistemas físicos reales. En concreto, se muestra como los métodos de aprendizaje profundo pueden dotar a los CPSs de nuevas capacidades que no se pueden lograr con técnicas clásicas, y que estos métodos de AI logran un mejor rendimiento que sus homólogos clásicos en diferentes dominios cuando se utilizan diversas métricas específicas de la aplicación. Por lo tanto, mostrando cómo las técnicas de aprendizaje profundo contribuyen a liberar todo el potencial de los CPSs, transformándolos en sistemas de mejor rendimiento, más eficaces e inteligentes, a saber, en CPS “inteligentes” o iCPS. Para ello, se proponen tres métodos para iCPSs, materializados en tres aplicaciones diferentes, a saber, un método de limpieza de datos basado en aprendizaje por contraste, un modelo de aprendizaje profundo adaptativo basado en meta-aprendizaje, y un controlador neuroevolutivo con capacidad de aprendizaje y gran flexibilidad durante el proceso de optimización. Los resultados muestran la superioridad de los métodos propuestos cuando se comparan con otros métodos clásicos y otros métodos basados en datos en los diferentes dominios en los que se aplican nuestros métodos. Se espera que los resultados de esta investigación fomenten el desarrollo de más métodos inteligentes adecuados para los iCPS.
Cierre del balance hídrico por medio de teledetección y estimación de la evolución del almacenamiento de agua subterránea en el norte de Chile
Authors:   , Muñoz Peña María Cecilia
Published: October 2023

En el norte de Chile existe una escasa oferta de agua superficial, sumado a la sequía que enfrenta el país desde el año 2010 (Garreaud et al., 2017), esto ha llevado a estados críticos de explotación del agua subterránea (Suárez et al., 2020). Los métodos convencionales de monitoreo de niveles presentan limitaciones en la densidad y cobertura de las redes de monitoreo. La misión Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), permite estimar anomalías de almacenamiento de agua terrestre (TWS), que en conjunto con Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) entregan estimaciones de anomalías de almacenamiento de agua subterránea. Montecino et al. (2016) evaluaron por primera vez estos productos satelitales en el norte de Chile. Donde observaron diferencias significativas en términos de magnitud entre las estimaciones obtenidas con datos in-situ y con datos de teledetección. En esta investigación se busca utilizar los datos de GRACE y GLDAS para estimar la anomalía de almacenamiento subterráneo en el norte grande de Chile, mediante la metodología de cierre del balance hídrico probabilístico propuesta por Schoups & Nasseri (2021), y así analizar si productos GRACE entregan resultados mejores que los obtenidos por Montecino et al. (2016). La metodología aplicada permitió obtener un mejor resultado de la raíz del error cuadrático medio (RMSE) de 13,6 mm máximo y 13,1 mm mínimo con mascons JPL con factor de ganancia. A pesar de mejorar el resultado, las correlaciones calculadas entre los datos modelados e in-situ son bajas. Estos resultados están asociados a limitaciones en los datos de precipitación y la escasez de datos de pozo que representen la estacionalidad de la zona. Por lo que se presenta como oportunidad de mejora a este estudio abordar el problema con enfoque de representación de acuífero para evaluar si los productos satelitales permiten reducir la escala de la zona de estudio. Además, como mejora al modelo se puede incorporar las extracciones asociadas a la cuenca, con el objetivo de reducir la incertidumbre de la representación. Respecto a la incertidumbre asociada a la precipitación, se debe evaluar la implementación de otros productos satelitales en sustitución del CR2MET. Finalmente, respecto a los datos obtenidos por la metodología de Schoups & Nasseri (2021) en la zona de estudio, se debe considerar evaluar sus resultados comparándolos con el balance hídrico nacional desarrollado por la DGA durante el 2017.
A cyber-physical systems approach to collaborative intersection management and control
Authors:   , Guzmán Gómez José Antonio
Published: October 2023

A medida que la población urbana aumenta, la congestión vehicular se ha convertido en una fuente importante de molestias y pérdidas económicas en las zonas urbanas. En este contexto, el concepto de Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte toma relevancia como opción para optimizar el control del tráfico con el uso de la tecnología. Este trabajo propone un enfoque de sistemas ciberfísicos para el control colaborativo del trafico urbano. En concreto, se propone una arquitectura de tres capas para abordar el problema de la gestión de intersecciones, con una capa física que alberga los detectores de tráfico y los actuadores de las señales de tráfico, una capa cibernética encargada de realizar el procesamiento de datos, la comunicación con los vecinos y la manipulación de las señales de tráfico, y una capa cloudlet capaz de implementar aplicaciones de alto nivel. Una primera implementación en un entorno pseudo-real, utilizando un controlador fuzzy-experto diseñado y un novedoso actuador basado en Petri-nets temporizadas, muestran que el sistema propuesto es capaz de manejar las cargas de comunicación y procesamiento, a la vez que mejora el rendimiento del tráfico con respecto a las soluciones clásicas de manejo de señales de tráfico, superando a los métodos de control temporizado, Webster y coordinado en las pruebas a escala piloto. Para validar la arquitectura en un entorno real, una aplicación de predicción de tráfico en tiempo real en el área urbana de Las Vegas es presentada, construida como una aplicación cloudlet con flujo de datos en tiempo real desde sensores de la infraestructura y predictores de tráfico basados en modelos de aprendizaje profundo. Los resultados de la implementación muestran la viabilidad de hacer predicciones de tráfico en tiempo real con la tecnología actual y la utilidad del reentrenamiento periódico para mantener la precisión de la predicción. Finalmente, este trabajo propone un esquema de control distribuido basado en el aprendizaje reforzado (RL) que aprovecha la naturaleza del problema basada en datos, la cooperación entre intersecciones y la modularidad de la arquitectura propuesta. En concreto, se sintetiza un controlador RL que manipula los semáforos utilizando la información de las intersecciones vecinas en forma de un embebido obtenido de una aplicación de predicción de tráfico. Los resultados de la simulación con SUMO muestran que el esquema propuesto supera a las técnicas clásicas en términos de tiempo de espera y otros índices clave de rendimiento.
Topology optimization with optimal design subdomain selection
Authors:   , Suau Salas Matías Ignacio
Published: October 2023

La optimización topológica es una técnica para resolver el problema de distribución de materiales. Sin embargo, la consideración de las restricciones de fabricación dentro del algoritmo puede ser un desafío. Un tipo de restricción de fabricación que no se ha abordado a fondo es la capacidad de seleccionar de manera óptima entre un conjunto de subdominios de diseño. Ejemplos de situaciones que pueden requerir tal restricción en su proceso de diseño son: la ubicación y forma óptimas de las aberturas en una viga alveolada, el diseño y ubicación óptima de una cepa de puente, y el diseño y ubicación de un sistema de outriggers para un edificio de gran altura, por mencionar algunos. Este artículo presenta una formulación novedosa para abordar el problema de selección y diseño de subdominios óptimos que se basa en una extensión de la conocida formulación SIMP. La formulación propuesta selecciona de manera óptima los subdominios de diseño en estructuras (2D y 3D), las cuales son topológicamente optimizadas en paralelo con el resto del dominio de diseño que no pertenece a ningún subdominio.
Institutional Barriers to Women Contesting for Political Positions, A Case of Iringa Municipality in Tanzania
Authors: Mbunda Christopher , Phillipo Frank , Nzali Agnes
Published: October 2023

The study was conducted to find out the barriers to women contesting for political positions. This study aimed to investigate the institutional barriers to women contesting for political positions in Iringa Municipality, Iringa region, Tanzania. The study adopted a cross sectional study design where interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and document analysis were used to collect information from the women political leaders facing the barriers to contesting for political positions, Women Ex Members of parliament and the ward councillors. The thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative information collected from the respondents. From the study findings, it is concluded that the institutional barriers that women encounter when contesting for political positions are Political parties, Political motivation, Supportive Networks, International Organizations, Governmental and Electoral Institutional policy and Religious Institutions. Therefore, the study recommended that in order to increase women political participation, political parties, supportive networks, international organisations, governmental and electoral institutional policy and the religious institutions are advised to pursue measures like taking advantage of the ongoing constitutional review process, the government should make sure that gender-equitable principles are incorporated into the new constitution in accordance with the nation's obligations under international, regional, and domestic agreements like the Beijing Platform for Action, the African Union's Agenda 2063, and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, also by insisting formation of the intra party leadership quota trainings and mentoring between experienced and inexperienced women to improve leadership and decision-making, public speaking and self-assertion again is political campaigning to increase women’s political knowledge, skills and capacity without forgetting a general consideration on laws of campaigning funds that can promote or diminish women political participation.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Energy Intensity in G20 Countries
Authors: Sari Cynthia Dikna , Gunarto Toto , Nirmala Tiara , Marselina  , Aida Neli
Published: October 2023

Aims: The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Industry Value Added (IVA), Urban Population (UP), Trade, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Energy Intensity in G20 countries.

Study Design:  This research used a quantitative descriptive method using panel data analysis.

Place and Duration of Study: The scope of this research extends to G20 member countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, European Union, France, United Kingdom, Indonesia, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Rusia, Saudi Arabia, Turki, United States, and South Africa, between 1990-2021.

Methodology: This research uses descriptive method combined with panel data analysis, analyze determine of GDP, IVA, UP, Trade, and FDI on Energy Intensity in G20 countries. Furthermore, the data uses is secondary data that has a regression model on panel data from 1990-2021.

Results: The result of this research show that IVA has a positive relationship and has a significant effect on increasing energy intensity in G20 countries. GDP, Trade and UP variables have a negative relationship and have a significant effect on Energy Intensity in G20 countries. Meanwhile, the FDI variable has no significant effect on Energy Intensity in G20 countries.

Conclusion: Based on research result, Energy Intensity in G20 countries is influenced by various factors, The IVA factor has a positive and significant relationship with energy intensity, can be utilized to increase productivity and economic growth, but need to be balanced with effort to increase energy efficiency.

While the GDP, Trade and Urban Population factors have a negative and significant relationship to energy intensity. However, FDI does not have a significant effect on energy intensity in G20 countries. The government should consider policies to reduce dependence on intensive energy, especially in sector that have a negative relation with energy intensity such as GDP, trade and urban population.
Fixed Point Results for Generalized Non-linear Operators with Convergence Analysis
Authors: Bhokal Ravi Parkash , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Ashish
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research article is to introduce a new iteration scheme and to prove J-iterationconvergence and stability results for it. We also claim the newly introduced iterative scheme  has better efficiency than some of the existing iterations in the literature. Our claim is supported by numerical example.
Nutrient Efficient and Productive Cropping Systems for Northern Telangana Zone, India
Authors: Shahana Firdoz , Reddy G. Kiran , Goverdhan M. , Ramana M. Venkata
Published: October 2023

The field experiment was carried out during 2018-19 at AICRP on Integrated Farming Systems, Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur in vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone, Telangana state, India. The experiment was performed with twelve cropping systems as treatments in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The twelve combinations of cropping systems tested during kharif (June-October) and rabi (November – March) were rice-rice (check), maize-soybean(2:4)-tomato, maize-soybean (2:4) - rice, sunflower-chickpea (2:4), maize - chickpea, Bt cotton-soybean (1:2) on broadbed–sesame-groundnut(2:4), Bt cotton - sesame -blackgram (2:4), soybean-wheat, soybean-sunflower -chickpea (2:4), turmeric-sesame, turmeric-soybean (1:2) on flat bed-bajra and turmeric-soybean (1:2) on broadbed-sesame - blackgram (2:4).Cropping system turmeric-soybean(1:2 )  (on BBF) sesame – blackgram (2:4) recorded productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield of 23413kg ha-1 and production efficiency of 75.53Kg ha-1 day-1followed by  sole turmeric-sesame (22597 kg REY ha-1 ) and 72.89Kg ha-1 day-1 and Bt.cotton+soybean (1:2) (on BBF) sesame+groundnut (2:4) (22568kg ha-1) and 75.23 Kg ha-1 day-1 over existing rice-rice (14395 kg REY ha-1 ) and 56.45Kg ha-1 day-1. Higher nutrient uptake was recorded with maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato system with 361.73 kg N ha-1, 114.43 kg P ha-1 and 318.89 kg K ha-1. Hence under nutrient stressed environment and low input management system maize+soybean (2:4) –tomato, can be recommended in comparision to existing rice-rice cropping system in irrigated situations for vertisols of Telangana.
Evaluation of Different Soilless Substrate on Growth and Yield of Capsicum (Capsicum annuum var. grossum)
Authors: Gaikwad Mohit , Dukpa Pinkey , Naidu Maruthi , Adhikary Kunal
Published: October 2023

The greenhouse experiment was carried out at the Department of Horticulture, ITM University, Gwalior (M.P) to assess the impact of different growing media, and varieties of capsicum in the soilless culture. The experiment was performed in a factorial completely randomized design consisting of three growing media viz. cocopeat (M1), vermicompost (M2), 1:1 mixture of cocopeat and vermicompost (M3) and three varieties Indrani, Mahabharath, and california wonder and replicated thrice. The results revealed that the all growth parameters expect numbers of branches were significantly (p<0.05) higher in M3. Among different varieties Indrani recorded the tallest plant height and numbers of leaves while, California wonder had greater number of branches on main stem, and leaf area than the remaining variety. However, the yield parameters viz. numbers of flowers/ plant, number of fruits/plant, locule number was   higher in California wonder grown in substrate M3. In contrast the fruit length, fruit diameter, pericarp thickness, fruit weight, fruit weight/ plant were higher in mahabharath grown in substrate M3. Therefore, our Finding suggested that M3 and M1 should be used for soilless culture of capsicum in order to achieve greater growth and production characteristics respectively.
Impact of Crop Residue and Green Manure Management in Rice Crop on Soil Nutrient Dynamics in Tarai Belt of Shivalik Himalaya, India
Authors: Pathak Abhilasha , Paul Jai , Negi M. S. , Gautam Poonam , Pachauri S. P.
Published: October 2023

The study explores the effects of different soil management practices on various soil properties within the Tarai Belt of the Shivalik Himalaya region to assess the effects of different nutrient management strategies on various soil properties in the context of rice cultivation. Ten treatments were employed, T1 (100% recommended dose of NPK fertilizers), T2 (50% crop residue + 50% recommended NPK dose), T3 (50% crop residue + 50% recommended NPK dose with the addition of Pusa decomposer), T4 (50% crop residue + 50% Green Manure (GM), T5 (50% crop residue + 50% GM with Pusa decomposer), T6 (Crop residue at 2.5 tons per hectare + Pusa decomposer), T7 (Crop residue at 2.5 tons per hectare without Pusa decomposer), T8 (Absolute control group with no fertilizer application), T9 (150% recommended NPK dose), and T10 (100% recommended NPK dose with the addition of Farm Yard Manure at a rate of 5 tons per hectare, along with Zinc and Boron supplementation). including varying combinations of crop residues, organic and inorganic fertilizers, and green manure. Soil properties examined included soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) at two different soil depths (0-15 cm and 15-30 cm. Organic sources enhanced soil organic carbon, while inorganic sources notably improved the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The results showed that treatments incorporating both organic and inorganic nutrient sources demonstrated improved soil health and nutrient availability, with treatment T9 (150% recommended dose of fertilizer, RDF) showing the best results, particularly in terms of available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. However, the sustainability of this approach over the long term may be a concern. Treatment T10, which combined 100% RDF with farmyard manure, zinc, and boron supplementation, emerged as a promising alternative for sustainable soil management. Treatment T3, with the incorporation of crop residues and the application of Pusa decomposer, also showed potential for maintaining soil health. These findings emphasize the importance of a balanced approach to nutrient management that combines readily available nutrients from inorganic sources with the long-term benefits of organic matter.

 In summary, this study emphasizes the importance of integrated nutrient management and sustainable agricultural practices for enhancing soil fertility and overall soil health, thereby contributing to sustainable crop production. These findings hold significance for addressing soil nutrient imbalances and ensuring the well-being of farmers and environmental sustainability.
Evaluation of stigma in access to the psychosocial care center / Violência obstétrica no Brasil: apropriação do corpo feminino e violação de direitos –revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Dos Santos Juliana Eduardo , Santos da Silva Thalita Jenniffer , Souza Silva Pedro Henrique , Bordallo Paranhos Júlia , Sousa Almeida Ana Isabella
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: analisar os dados contidos na literatura científica acerca da violência obstétrica no Brasil entre 2017 e 2022. Método: estudo de natureza básica, objetivamente exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo revisão integrativa de literatura. Os dados foram coletados nas bases de dados científicas, utilizando os descritores “violência” e “obstetrícia”, respeitando o recorte temporal de 2017-2022. Resultados: obteve-se um total de 136 artigos. Desses, 26 estudos compuseram a amostra. Os dados coletados foram agrupados em três categorias temáticas, estruturadas a partir de três núcleos nominais: experiência de mulheres, vivências de profissionais e violações do corpo negro. Considerações finais: enfermeiras (os) são as profissionais que mais falam abertamente sobre a temática, em geral atuam na prevenção de violências. Nota-se que muitas mulheres não conhecem o real significado do termo, e que mulheres negras são as que mais sofrem violações de direitos, pois são marcadas por estereótipos históricos.
Estimation of the Optimal Storage Capacity of Rainwater Harvesting System Considering Regional Climate Characteristics
Authors: Kim Dong Jun , Lee Jung Ho , Kim Ha Yong
Published: October 2023

Due to the influence of climate change, the frequency and intensity of droughts in the Korean Peninsula regions are increasing. Moreover, regional rainfall deviations are increasing, increasing the severity of localized droughts. Accordingly, it is necessary to enhance water resource utilization through recycling and establishing a robust safety net for water supply. This necessitates the implementation of rainwater harvesting systems to augment water reuse capabilities. When planning the storage capacity of a rainwater harvesting system, it is important to calculate the appropriate capacity. Therefore, we created an Excel tool for water balance analysis in this study. It incorporates diverse rainwater uses, their respective usage conditions, and daily usage quantities. A water balance analysis was performed, applying the climate characteristics of different regions. A cost-benefit analysis was applied to the economic feasibility analysis, and a B/C regression curve by region and catchment area was derived based on the results of the water balance analysis. The tool is believed to be an effective support measurement to help decision-makers to calculate the appropriate storage capacity of rainwater harvesting systems in the relevant regions.
Prediction of Safe Distance by Radiant Heat Effect Analysis on Plant Concrete Barrier in Fire
Authors: Park Sooyoung , Kim Daehoi , Shin Yichul
Published: October 2023

As seen in numerous cases of plant accidents, there is a risk of fire and explosion in domestic plants. To mitigate this risk, concrete barriers installed around plant protection facilities are expected to be more effective in reducing fire damage compared to steel barriers. However, it is necessary to assess the temperature and radiant heat effects on the backside of the barriers during a fire. Therefore, in this study, a fire resistance test was conducted on a concrete barrier to evaluate the impact of radiation heat and temperature on the backside of the test specimen, and the range of radiation heat effect was predicted.
Interpregnancy Interval After Clinical Pregnancy Loss and Outcomes of the Next Frozen Embryo Transfer
Authors: Wang Ze , Meng Yueru , Shang Xue , Suo Lu , Zhao Dingying , Han Xinwei , Yang Min , Yin Mengfei , Miao Haozhe , Wang Yixuan , Yang Huiming , Yu Yunhai , Wei Daimin , Chen Zi-Jiang
Published: October 2023

Importance

The optimal interpregnancy interval (IPI) after a clinical pregnancy loss (CPL) remains controversial. Few studies have addressed the role of the IPI after a preceding CPL during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.

Objective

To evaluate the association between different IPI lengths after a preceding CPL and pregnancy outcomes of the next frozen embryo transfer (FET).

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Shandong University in China. The study included women who underwent frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer between July 1, 2017, and June 30, 2022, within 1 year after a preceding CPL during IVF treatment. Follow-up for pregnancy outcomes was completed for all participants on March 31, 2023. Data analysis was performed from April to May 2023.

Exposures

Interpregnancy interval length was classified as less than 3 months, 3 to less than 6 months, or 6 to 12 months.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Outcomes included live birth, conception, clinical pregnancy, pregnancy loss, preterm birth, small or large for gestational age, and low birth weight. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between IPI and pregnancy outcomes by adjusted odds ratios (AORs).

Results

This study included 2433 women (mean [SD] age, 31.8 [4.6] years) who received IVF treatment. There were 338 women (13.9%) with an IPI of less than 3 months, 1347 (55.4%) with an IPI of 3 to less than 6 months, and 748 (30.7%) with an IPI of 6 to 12 months. The median (IQR) IPI lengths for the 3 groups were 77 (65-85), 128 (109-152), and 234 (202-288) days, respectively. Compared with an IPI of 6 to 12 months, shorter IPIs (<3 and 3 to <6 months) were associated with decreased odds of clinical pregnancy (AOR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.53-0.92] and 0.79 [0.65-0.95]), live birth (AOR, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.48-0.85] and 0.74 [0.61-0.90]), and healthy live birth (AOR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.46-0.87] and 0.79 [0.64-0.98]). Compared with women with an IPI of 6 to 12 months, women with shorter IPIs (<3 and 3 to <6 months) had a higher risk of total pregnancy loss (AOR, 1.87 [95% CI, 1.31-2.67] and 1.29 [1.00-1.66], respectively).

Conclusions and Relevance

The results of this study suggest that delaying the next FET for at least 6 months after a preceding CPL was associated with beneficial pregnancy outcomes, considering that a decreased likelihood of achieving clinical pregnancy and live birth was observed among women with shorter IPIs. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Insights into the identification and evolutionary conservation of key genes in the transcriptional circuits of meiosis initiation and commitment in budding yeast
Authors: Das Deepyaman , Chaudhary Anis Ahmad , Ali Mohamed A. M. , Alawam Abdullah S. , Sarkar Hironmoy , Podder Soumita
Published: October 2023

Initiation of meiosis in budding yeast does not commit the cells for meiosis. Thus, two distinct signaling cascades may differentially regulate meiosis initiation and commitment in budding yeast. To distinguish between the role of these signaling cascades, we reconstructed protein–protein interaction networks and gene regulatory networks with upregulated genes in meiosis initiation and commitment. Analyzing the integrated networks, we identified four master regulators (MRs) [Ume6p, Msn2p, Met31p, Ino2p], three transcription factors (TFs), and 279 target genes (TGs) unique for meiosis initiation, and three MRs [Ndt80p, Aro80p, Rds2p], 11 TFs, and 948 TGs unique for meiosis commitment. Functional enrichment analysis of these distinct members from the transcriptional cascades for meiosis initiation and commitment revealed that nutritional cues rewire gene expression for initiating meiosis and chromosomal recombination commits cells to meiosis. As meiotic chromosomal recombination is highly conserved in eukaryotes, we compared the evolutionary rate of unique members in the transcriptional cascade of two meiotic phases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with members of the phylum Ascomycota, revealing that the transcriptional cascade governing chromosomal recombination during meiosis commitment has experienced greater purifying selection pressure (P value = 0.0013, 0.0382, 0.0448, 0.0369, 0.02967, 0.04937, 0.03046, 0.03357 and < 0.00001 for Ashbya gossypii, Yarrowia lipolytica, Debaryomyces hansenii, Aspergillus fumigatus, Neurospora crassa, Kluyveromyces lactis, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Schizosaccharomyces cryophilus, and Schizosaccharomyces octosporus, respectively). This study demarcates crucial players driving meiosis initiation and commitment and demonstrates their differential rate of evolution in budding yeast.
Inducing an Amorphous Phase in Polymer Plastic Crystal Electrolyte for Effective Ion Transportation in Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Kim Bitgaram , Yang Su Hyun , Seo Ji‐Hun , Kang Yun Chan
Published: October 2023

Polymer plastic crystal electrolytes (PPCEs) have garnered significant attention for addressing the challenges associated with succinonitrile (SN), including its inadequate mechanical properties and side reactions with electrodes. However, a comprehensive investigation of the influence of the molecular structure of the polymer network on the states of SN within the network and its subsequent impact on ionic conductivities remains largely unexplored. To shed light on this critical aspect, the binding energy between SN and the polymer moiety is investigated as a determining factor in the conformation and crystallization behavior of SNs, through the dispersion‐corrected density functional theory (DFT‐D) simulations. These findings reveal that variations in miscibility resulting from the effects of binding energy significantly affected the formation of the amorphous phase in PPCEs. As a result, vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC)‐based PPCE exhibits high ionic conductivity at room temperature (2.6 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 25 °C) and possesses a completely amorphous phase, which can be attributed to the optimized miscibility among its components. The feasibility of using a high‐performance solid‐state lithium‐metal battery (LMB) configuration is also examined by combining the PPCE with LiFePO4 (LFP) and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode materials.
Pentafluorophenyl‐Substituted Proline‐Derived Chiral Urea for “On Water” Asymmetric Hydrogen‐Bonding Catalysis
Authors: Wang Bingfu , Li Tianxing , Liu Jian , Wang Shuo , Shi Hu , Jin Hui , Ryu Do Hyun , Zhang Lixin
Published: October 2023

This work demonstrated the efficacy of a proline‐derived chiral urea for “on water” asymmetric hydrogen‐bonding catalysis by incorporating a hydrophobic and electron‐withdrawing pentafluoro‐phenyl substituent into the urea moiety. When employed as a catalyst, pentafluorophenyl‐substituted proline‐derived chiral urea exhibited significant enhancement of both the reaction rate and stereoselectivity when conducted “on water” compared to that of conventional organic solvents due to the hydrophobic hydration effect. Moreover, this catalyst did not display notable self‐aggregation during the “on water” hydrogen‐bonding catalysis and was confirmed to exist as a monomeric species with catalytic activity. Due to its remarkable acceleration in “on water” conditions, the catalyst load was significantly reduced. Consequently, complete conversion was achieved at room temperature within 2 hours while maintaining good enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee) even at 0.2 mol% catalyst loading in the Michael addition of dithiomalonate to nitrostyrene.
Recent Advances in the 1,2‐Diarylation of Alkenes
Authors: Jose Jisna , Mathew Thomas V.
Published: October 2023

Alkenes are a fascinating functional class that can be converted into various structures. A desirable and durable synthetic method for forming two C−C bonds across an olefin is the dicarbofunctionalization of olefins, catalyzed by transition metals. This method enables a rapid expansion of molecular complexity in a single step. Among the myriad of efficient strategies for alkene difunctionalization, the 1,2‐diarylation mode stands out primarily due to its remarkable ability to incorporate two hindered aryl groups across the C=C bond in a versatile and straightforward manner. This review covers the recent advances in the 1,2‐diarylation of alkenes from 2018 to 2023, focusing on different transition metals employed as catalysts.
A Colorimetric Biosensing Platform with Aptamers, Rolling Circle Amplification and Urease‐Mediated Litmus Test
Authors: Chang Dingran , Li Jiuxing , Liu Rudi , Liu Meng , Tram Kha , Schmitt Natalie , Li Yingfu
Published: October 2023

Here we report on an ultra‐sensitive colorimetric sensing platform that takes advantage of both the strong amplification power of rolling circle amplification (RCA) and the high efficiency of a simple urease‐mediated litmus test. The presence of a target triggers the RCA reaction, and urease‐labelled DNA can hybridize to the biotinylated RCA products and be immobilized onto streptavidin‐coated magnetic beads. The urease‐laden beads are then used to hydrolyze urea, leading to an increase in pH that can be detected by a simple litmus test. We show this sensing platform can be easily integrated with aptamers for sensing diverse targets via the detection of human thrombin and platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) utilizing structure‐switching aptamers as well as SARS‐CoV‐2 in human saliva using a spike‐binding trimeric DNA aptamer. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this colorimetric sensing platform can be integrated into a simple paper‐based device for sensing applications.
The influence of green human resource management on environmental performance: An empirical study investigated in the pollutant industries of Pakistan
Authors: Shakil Muhammad Haseeb , Mukarram Muhammad , Hussain Ghulam , Idrees Rana Nadir , Sajjad Ali
Published: October 2023

This research mainly aims to test the impact of green human resource management (GHRM) on environmental performance (EP) and to determine whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) mediates the relationship between GHRM and EP and whether organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) moderates the relationships between CSR and EP. The paper relied on a quantitative research approach with a sample of 204 employees from the pollutant industries of Pakistan. In this paper, the partial least square approach (PLS‐SEM) was employed to verify the proposed hypotheses. The outcomes confirmed that GHRM has a positive impact on EP. Additionally, the findings indicated that CSR affected EP. It was also revealed that CSR fully mediates the linkages between GHRM and EP. This paper acknowledges the existing gaps in the prior literature and enables us to clearly understand the significance of GHRM in affecting EP via CSR as a mediator.
Risk factors associated with preferential lateral lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Shao Liang , Wang Zhihong , Dong Wenwu , Sun Wei , Zhang Hao
Published: October 2023

Background

Lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) is common in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), usually occurring after central lymph node metastasis (CLNM). However, some patients experience LLNM without first developing CLNM. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for developing LLNM without CLNM.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 421 patients diagnosed with PTC who underwent lobectomy or total thyroidectomy with central and ipsilateral lateral lymph node dissection. We collected clinicopathological data and used univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine the risk factors associated with LLNM without CLNM.

Results

The LLNM without CLNM frequency was 18.3% (77/421). Univariate analyses demonstrated that age over 55 years, primary tumor in the upper portion of the thyroid, the number of central lymph node (CLN) and LLNM, primary tumor size, and the summed size of multi‐foci tumors smaller than 1 cm were significantly associated with LLNM without CLNM (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that LLNM without CLNM was more likely to occur in patients aged ≥55 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.309; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.133–4.704; p = 0.021), and primary tumor in the upper portion of the thyroid (OR, 0.524; 95% CI, 0.295–0.934; p = 0.028).

Conclusion

The lymph node metastasis pattern in patients with PTC is not constant. Therefore, surgeons should evaluate the lateral lymph nodes, especially in patients older than 55 years or when the primary tumor is in the upper portion of the thyroid.
Modified nail folding approach: A novel strategy for the treatment of subungual glomus tumors—A case series study
Authors: Ahangar Parviz , Akbaribazm Mohsen , Rahimi Mohsen , Pirmohamadi Hosein
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical Message

The modified nail folding approach, a new surgical technique, has been shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of subungual glomus tumors, providing clinicians with a new treatment option for patients with this condition.

Glomus tumors (GTs) are rare benign tumors that originate from the glomus body in the skin of the fingertips, toes, and nail beds. GTs are more prevalent in women than in men and can occur sporadically or as part of an inherited condition known as multiple GTs. The exact cause of GTs is unknown, but it is believed that mutations in the cells of the glomus body contribute to their development. In this study, we present the efficacy of a novel surgical technique called the modified nail folding approach for treating subungual GTs. We report a case series involving 17 patients who underwent the nail folding approach for surgical removal of subungual GTs. The primary objective of this article is to provide evidence supporting the safety and effectiveness of this technique. Additionally, we aim to introduce clinicians to a new, secure, and efficient treatment option for patients with subungual GTs.
Esophageal squamous carcinoma in a 25‐year‐old female, changing trend in epidemiology: A case report
Authors: Karki Deepika , Pant Prashant , Shrestha Asim , Chhetri Suchit Thapa , Kadel Isabel , Karna Gagan Prakash
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical Message

Timely diagnosis, comprehensive assessment, and a multidisciplinary treatment approach are essential for young patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, even when conventional risk factors are absent. This report emphasizes the need for increased clinical awareness and improved patient outcomes in an evolving epidemiological landscape.
Pain in the penis due to attraction caused by neodymium magnets
Authors: Akiyama Yuki , Ichibayashi Ryo
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical Message

Multiple neodymium magnets can pinch tissue and cause barotrauma. Be careful if the tissue of the penis or foreskin is pinched, as this may cause foreskin necrosis or damage to the urethra.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Isoxazoles and Isoxazolines via Anodic Oxidation of Oximes
Authors: Hofmann Silja , Winter Johannes , Prenzel Tobias , de Jesús Gálvez‐Vázquez María , Waldvogel Siegfried R.
Published: October 2023

Isoxazol(in)es are widely featured structural motifs in natural products, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. The first intermolecular approach for a direct electrochemical synthesis from readily available aldoximes is reported. Isoxazoles and isoxazolines were obtained in yields up to 81 %. The synthesis is carried out in an undivided cell as the simplest electrochemical set‐up and requires only the use of electric current as traceless oxidizing agent. The application of inexpensive and widely available electrode materials in combination with recyclable supporting electrolytes and solvents paves the path for translation of the presented reaction onto preparative scale. This is underlined by successful scale‐up to multi‐gram runs.
Unexpected Reduction of a Coordinated Diazapyridinophane Ligand Bound to Chromium(III) Ion Leading to Delocalization of the Unpaired Electron across Two Isolated Pyridine Units
Authors: Krämer Kristin , Schmitz Markus , Kelm Harald , van Wüllen Christoph , Krüger Hans‐Jörg
Published: October 2023

In the tetraazamacrocyclic ligand N,N’‐dimethyl‐2,11‐diaza‐[3.3](2,6)pyridinophane (L‐N4Me2), the two pyridine units are separated from each other by sp3‐hybridized triatomic bridges. Such electronically isolated pyridine moieties are considerably less prone to reductions than di‐ or triimines. A detailed structural, magnetic, and spectroscopic investigation of the complexes [Cr(L‐N4Me2)(OAc)2] and [Cr(L‐N4Me2)(OAc)2](PF6), in combination with theoretical calculations, reveals that the reduced complex must be described as a chromium(III) ion coordinated to the anionic radical ligand (L‐N4Me2)⋅− rather than a low‐spin chromium(II) ion bound to closed‐shell ligands. Thus, it is, to the best of our knowledge, only the second example of a stable and structurally characterized metal complex containing a reduced isolated pyridine unit. The stability is attributed to the delocalization of the unpaired electron across the two pyridine units, mediated by their interaction to the metal ion.
Computational Insights into SN2 and Proton Transfer Reactions of CH3O− with NH2Y and CH3Y
Authors: Feng Huining , Li Rui , Wu Yang , Liu Xu
Published: October 2023

Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reactions have been extensively studied in both theory and experiment. While research on C‐centered SN2 reactions (SN2@C) has been ongoing, SN2 reactions at neutral nitrogen (SN2@N) have received increased attention in recent years. To recommend methods for dynamics simulations, the comparison for the properties of the geometries, vibrational frequencies, and energies is done between MP2 and six DFT functional calculations and experimental data as well as the high‐level CCSD(T) method for CH3O−+NH2Cl/CH3Cl reactions. The relative energy diagrams at the M06 method for CH3O− with CH3Y/NH2Y reactions (Y=F, Cl, Br, I) in the gas and solution phase are explored to investigate the effects of the leaving groups, different reaction centers, and solvents. We mainly focus on the computational of inv‐SN2 and proton transfer (PT) pathways. The PT channel in the gas phase is more competitive than the SN2 channel for N‐center reactions, while the opposite is observed for C‐centered reactions. Solvation completely inhibits the PT channel, making SN2 the dominant pathway. Our study provides new insight into the SN2 reaction mechanisms and rich the novel reaction model in gas‐phase organic chemistry.
Application of environmental DNA metabarcoding and quantitative PCR to detect blooming jellyfish in a temperate bay of northern China
Authors: Peng Saijun , Wang Lei , Ma Yuanqing , Ye Lijing , Hou Chaowei , Liu Yongliang , Li Yongxue , Sun Tingting , Zhao Jianmin , Dong Zhijun
Published: October 2023

Frequently occurring jellyfish blooms have severe impacts on the socioeconomics of coastal areas, which stress the importance of early detection and assessments of blooming jellyfish taxa. Environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques (quantitative PCR and eDNA metabarcoding) have the advantage of high sensitivity and are an emerging powerful tool for investigations of target species. However, a comprehensive analysis of the biodiversity and biomass of jellyfish taxa in the target area by combining the two eDNA techniques is still lacking. Here, we developed eDNA metabarcoding and quantitative PCR for the detection and assessment of jellyfish taxa in the temperate Yantai Sishili Bay (YSB) and estimated the spatial distribution of Aurelia coerulea. Species‐specific quantitative PCR assays targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene of A. coerulea were developed. Additionally, eDNA metabarcoding based on the mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences identified six jellyfish species in YSB. Moreover, our results indicate that A. coerulea aggregations were more likely to occur in the inner part of the bay than in the outer part, and they gathered in the bottom layer of seawater rather than in the surface layer. Our results demonstrate the potential of two eDNA techniques in jellyfish biomass investigation and jellyfish taxa detection. These eDNA techniques may contribute to the discovery of jellyfish aggregation so as to achieve early warning of large‐scale jellyfish blooms in coastal areas.