bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning–Based Text Analysis to Predict Severely Injured Patients in Emergency Medical Dispatch: Model Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Chin Kuan-Chen , Cheng Yu-Chia , Sun Jen-Tang , Ou Chih-Yen , Hu Chun-Hua , Tsai Ming-Chi , Ma Matthew Huei-Ming , Chiang Wen-Chu , Chen Albert Y
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Early recognition of severely injured patients in prehospital settings is of paramount importance for timely treatment and transportation of patients to further treatment facilities. The dispatching accuracy has seldom been addressed in previous studies.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to build a machine learning–based model through text mining of emergency calls for the automated identification of severely injured patients after a road accident.

METHODS

Audio recordings of road accidents in Taipei City, Taiwan, in 2018 were obtained and randomly sampled. Data on call transfers or non-Mandarin speeches were excluded. To predict cases of severe trauma identified on-site by emergency medical technicians, all included cases were evaluated by both humans (6 dispatchers) and a machine learning model, that is, a prehospital-activated major trauma (PAMT) model. The PAMT model was developed using term frequency–inverse document frequency, rule-based classification, and a Bernoulli naïve Bayes classifier. Repeated random subsampling cross-validation was applied to evaluate the robustness of the model. The prediction performance of dispatchers and the PAMT model, in severe cases, was compared. Performance was indicated by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy.

RESULTS

Although the mean sensitivity and negative predictive value obtained by the PAMT model were higher than those of dispatchers, they obtained higher mean specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy. The mean accuracy of the PAMT model, from certainty level 0 (lowest certainty) to level 6 (highest certainty), was higher except for levels 5 and 6. The overall performances of the dispatchers and the PAMT model were similar; however, the PAMT model had higher accuracy in cases where the dispatchers were less certain of their judgments.

CONCLUSIONS

A machine learning–based model, called the PAMT model, was developed to predict severe road accident trauma. The results of our study suggest that the accuracy of the PAMT model is not superior to that of the participating dispatchers; however, it may assist dispatchers when they lack confidence while making a judgment.
Technologies to Support Assessment of Movement During Video Consultations: Exploratory Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jones Ray B , Hubble Suzanne , Taylor Lloyd , Gunn Hilary , Logan Angela , Rowland Tim , Bradwell Hannah , Connolly Luke J , Algie Kim , Anil Krithika , Halliday Bradley , Houston Sandra , Dennett Rachel , Chatfield Sarah , Buckingham Sarah , Freeman Jennifer
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Understanding and assessing patients’ body movements is essential for physical rehabilitation but is challenging in video consultations, as clinicians are frequently unable to see the whole patient or observe the patient as they perform specific movements.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this exploratory study was to assess the use of readily available technologies that would enable remote assessment of patient movement as part of a video consultation.

METHODS

We reviewed the literature and available technologies and chose four technologies (Kubi and Pivo desktop robots, Facebook Portal TV, wide-angle webcam), in addition to help from a friend or a simple mobile phone holder, to assist video consultations. We used 5 standard assessments (sit-to-stand, timed “Up & Go,” Berg Balance Test, ankle range of motion, shoulder range of motion) as the “challenge” for the technology. We developed an evaluation framework of 6 items: efficacy, cost, delivery, patient setup, clinician training and guidance, and safety. The coauthors, including 10 physiotherapists, then took the roles of clinician and patient to explore 7 combinations of 5 technologies. Subsequently, we applied our findings to hypothetical patients based on the researchers’ family members and clinical experience.

RESULTS

Kubi, which allowed the clinician to remotely control the patient’s device, was useful for repositioning the tablet camera to gain a better view of the patient’s body parts but not for tracking movement. Facebook Portal TV was useful, but only for upper body movement, as it functions based on face tracking. Both Pivo, with automated full body tracking using a mobile phone, and the wide-angle webcam for a laptop or desktop computer show promise. Simple solutions such as having a friend operate a mobile phone and use of a mobile phone holder also have potential. The setup of these technologies will require better instructions than are currently available from suppliers, and successful use will depend on the technology readiness of patients and, to some degree, of clinicians.

CONCLUSIONS

Technologies that may enable clinicians to assess movement remotely as part of video consultations depend on the interplay of technology readiness, the patient’s clinical conditions, and social support. The most promising off-the-shelf approaches seem to be use of wide-angle webcams, Pivo, help from a friend, or a simple mobile phone holder. Collaborative work between patients and clinicians is needed to develop and trial technological solutions to support video consultations assessing movement.
Online Public Attention Toward Premature Ejaculation in Mainland China: Infodemiology Study Using the Baidu Index (Preprint)
Authors: Wei Shanzun , Ma Ming , Wen Xi , Wu Changjing , Zhu Guonian , Zhou Xiangfu
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most described psychosocial stress and sexual complaints worldwide. Previous investigations have focused predominantly on the prospective identification of cases that meet researchers’ specific criteria. The genuine demand from patients with regard to information on PE and related issues may thus be neglected.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the online search trend and user demand related to PE on a national and regional scale using the dominant major search engine in mainland China.

METHODS

The Baidu Index was queried using the PE-related terms for the period of January 2011 to December 2020. The search volume for each term was recorded to analyze the search trend and demographic distributions. For user interest, the demand and trend data were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS

Of the 36 available PE search keywords, 4 PE searching topics were identified. The Baidu Search Index for each PE topic varied from 46.30% (86,840,487/187,558,154) to 6.40% (12,009,307/187,558,154). The annual percent change (APC) for the complaint topic was 48.80% (P<.001) for 2011 to 2014 and –16.82% (P<.001) for 2014 to 2020. The APC for the inquiry topic was 16.21% (P=.41) for 2011 to 2014 and –11.00% (P<.001) for 2014 to 2020. For the prognosis topic, the annual APC was 11.18% (P<.001) for 2011 to 2017 and –19.86% (P<.001) for 2017 to 2020. For the treatment topic, the annual APC was 14.04% (P<.001) for 2011 to 2016 and –38.83% (P<.001) for 2016 to 2020. The age distribution of those searching for topics related to PE showed that the population aged 20 to 40 years comprised nearly 70% of the total search inquiries (second was 17.95% in the age group younger than 19 years). People from East China made over 50% of the total search queries.

CONCLUSIONS

The fluctuating online popularity of PE searches reflects the real-time population demands. It may help medical professionals better understand population interest, population concerns, regional variations, and gender differences on a nationwide scale and make disease-specific health care policies. The internet search data could be more reliable when the insufficient and lagging registry data are completed.
Accurate Prediction of Stroke for Hypertensive Patients Based on Medical Big Data and Machine Learning Algorithms: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Yujie , Zheng Jing , Du Zhenzhen , Li Ye , Cai Yunpeng
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Stroke risk assessment is an important means of primary prevention, but the applicability of existing stroke risk assessment scales in the Chinese population has always been controversial. A prospective study is a common method of medical research, but it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Medical big data has been demonstrated to promote disease risk factor discovery and prognosis, attracting broad research interest.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to establish a high-precision stroke risk prediction model for hypertensive patients based on historical electronic medical record data and machine learning algorithms.

METHODS

Based on the Shenzhen Health Information Big Data Platform, a total of 57,671 patients were screened from 250,788 registered patients with hypertension, of whom 9421 had stroke onset during the 3-year follow-up. In addition to baseline characteristics and historical symptoms, we constructed some trend characteristics from multitemporal medical records. Stratified sampling according to gender ratio and age stratification was implemented to balance the positive and negative cases, and the final 19,953 samples were randomly divided into a training set and test set according to a ratio of 7:3. We used 4 machine learning algorithms for modeling, and the risk prediction performance was compared with the traditional risk scales. We also analyzed the nonlinear effect of continuous characteristics on stroke onset.

RESULTS

The tree-based integration algorithm extreme gradient boosting achieved the optimal performance with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9220, surpassing the other 3 traditional machine learning algorithms. Compared with 2 traditional risk scales, the Framingham stroke risk profiles and the Chinese Multiprovincial Cohort Study, our proposed model achieved better performance on the independent validation set, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic value increased by 0.17. Further nonlinear effect analysis revealed the importance of multitemporal trend characteristics in stroke risk prediction, which will benefit the standardized management of hypertensive patients.

CONCLUSIONS

A high-precision 3-year stroke risk prediction model for hypertensive patients was established, and the model's performance was verified by comparing it with the traditional risk scales. Multitemporal trend characteristics played an important role in stroke onset, and thus the model could be deployed to electronic health record systems to assist in more pervasive, preemptive stroke risk screening, enabling higher efficiency of early disease prevention and intervention.
Analysis and Visualization Latent Topic on COVID-19 Vaccine Tweet use two-stage topic modeling (Preprint)
Authors: Faizah Faizah , Lin Bor-Shen
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic on January 30, 2020. However, the pandemic has not been over yet. Furthermore, in the first quartal of 2021, some countries face the third wave of the pandemic. During the difficult time, the development of the vaccines for COVID-19 accelerates rapidly. Understanding the public perception of the COVID-19 Vaccine according to the data collected from social media can widen the perspective on the state of the global pandemic

OBJECTIVE

This study explores and analyzes the latent topic on COVID-19 Vaccine Tweet posted by individuals from various countries by using two-stage topic modeling.

METHODS

A two-stage analysis in topic modeling was proposed to investigating people’s reactions in five countries. The first stage is Latent Dirichlet Allocation that produces the latent topics with the corresponding term distributions that facilitate the investigators to understand the main issues or opinions. The second stage then performs agglomerative clustering on the latent topics based on Hellinger distance, which merges close topics hierarchically into topic clusters to visualize those topics in either tree or graph views.

RESULTS

In general, the topic discussion regarding the COVID-19 Vaccine in five countries is similar. Topic themes such as "first vaccine" and & "vaccine effect" dominate the public discussion. The remarkable point is that people in some countries have some topic themes, such as "politician opinion" and " stay home" in Canada, "emergency" in India, and & "blood clots" in the United Kingdom. The analysis also shows the most popular COVID-19 Vaccine, which is gaining more public interest.

CONCLUSIONS

With LDA and Hierarchical clustering, two-stage topic modeling is powerful for visualizing the latent topics and understanding the public perception regarding the COVID-19 Vaccine.
Study of Molecular interaction in Binary Mixtures containing N, N-Dimethylformamide and n-Butanol
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha (India), SAMANTARAY BISWAJIT , PRAHARAJ MANOJ KUMAR ,   Deaprtment of Physics, Ajay Binay Institute of Technology, Cuttack, Odisha (India), DAS SMRUTI PRAVA ,   Department of Chemistry, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha (India)
Published: May 2021

The acoustic studies of the interactions between alcohol molecules and water soluble polar solvent DMF are significant for understanding the relationships between structure and function of polar molecule like DMF, and for explaining the mechanisms of interaction of alcoholic OH group with an electronegative moiety. In this piece of work Ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity have been measured at 298 K, 308 K, 318 K and 328 K for mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and n-butanol, the frequency being maintained at a constant value. The experimental data have been used to calculate the acoustical and thermodynamical parameters like adiabatic compressibility, free length, free volume, internal pressure, acoustic impedance, Gibbs free energy
Shifting demographics and comorbidity burden in adult Chinese urban patients with chronic hepatitis B, 2013 and 2016
Authors: Hou Jinlin , Chen Wendong , Han Ying , Wang Lei , Lee I-Heng , Hsu Ling-I , Xie Dongying , Yin Xueru , Hou Fengqin , Yang Yida
Published: May 2021

Chronic hepatitis B demographics and comorbidity data are limited in China.
Materials & methods:
The China Health Insurance Association claims database from 2013 and 2016 was used to augment the existing data: the proportion of patients aged >45 years increased significantly from 40.3% in 2013 to 49% in 2016 (p < 0.001).
Results:
Significant increases in multiple comorbidities were observed, including hypertension (9.4–14.5%), hyperlipidemia (4.7–7.0%) and cardiovascular disease (5.7–10%; p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Increases were observed in renal impairment (8.8–10.0%; p < 0.001) and osteoporosis and/or pathologic nontraumatic bone fracture (3.8–7.3%; p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Careful selection of treatment options and comorbidity monitoring should be considered when managing adult Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Metaphysical Foundations of Theistic Argumentation
Authors:   Cherkasy State Technological University, Kulieshov Aleksandr
Published: May 2021

The proofs of God's existence is the subject matter of the article. Four main types of proofs are analyzed: cosmological, teleological, ontological and moral. It is argued that there is a general scheme of theistic reasoning present in all four types of proving. The principal feature of this scheme lies in recognizing a ground of everything existing which goes beyond the material (or natural) world. Possible naturalistic arguments excluding a non-material, super-natural foundation of the world are also analyzed. The objections to naturalistic arguments are formulated, making it possible to assert that the natural world cannot be explained from itself. Nor it can be explained from its physical (or natural) part. At the same time, the material world needs an explanation. To meet this need, the extended direct theistic arguments are formulated in the article. They begin with the fact of there being something and include two aspects of theistic argumentation: one is to establish the existence of immaterial foundation of the natural world; another is to demonstrate that this immaterial foundation may be identified with the world subject – omnipotent, omniscient, all-good, immaterial rational being which mainly corresponds to God of theistic religions. The conclusion is made that the thinkability and rationality of the idea of God is provable. One can argue that the idea of God more rationally explains the world. Moreover, it is evident that theism is rational, naturalism (as the principle of the general explanation of everything) is irrational. But the question remains how rational the world is.
Legal Support of Cybersecurity of Critical Information Infrastructure of Ukraine
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Kovaliv Myroslav , Skrynkovskyy Ruslan ,   Lviv University of Business and Law, Nazar Yurii ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Yesimov Serhii ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Krasnytskyi Ivan ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Kaydrovych Khrystyna ,   Lviv University of Business and Law, Kniaz Sviatoslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kemska Yuliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2021

The article presents a study of the theoretical and legal foundations of the legal support of cybersecurity of the critical information infrastructure of Ukraine based on the system approach methodology. The current legislation is considered, and the bylaws of Ukraine in the field of cybersecurity of critical information infrastructure are analyzed. It is noted that today in Ukraine, it is important to ensure effective management of regional information security systems and the smooth and efficient operation of information infrastructure, especially critical infrastructure. To achieve these results in practice, it is necessary to prioritize implementing such critical tasks as the development of human resources in cybersecurity and the development of the national field of information technology. It is substantiated that cybersecurity is required to improve legal, organizational, and technical mechanisms for regulating public relations that arise in the information sphere. It is concluded that cybersecurity of critical information infrastructure of Ukraine is possible by identifying objects of this structure, solving problems of cybersecurity of objects with a very long life cycle, developing methods of modernization of critical information infrastructure for each organization, technology and information structure, which are the objects of critical information infrastructure.
Bioengineered tooth emulation systems for regenerative and pharmacological purposes
Authors:   nstitute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland, Pagella P , Cordiale A , Marconi GD , Trubiani O , Rasponi M , Mitsiadis TA
Published: May 2021

Genetic conditions, traumatic injuries, carious lesions and periodontal diseases are all responsible for dental pathologies. The current clinical approaches are based on the substitution of damaged dental tissues with inert materials, which, however, do not ensure full physiological recovery of the teeth. Different populations of dental mesenchymal stem cells have been isolated from dental tissues and several attempts have already been made at using these stem cells for the regeneration of human dental tissues. Despite encouraging progresses, dental regenerative therapies are very far from any clinical applications. This is tightly connected with the absence of proper platforms that would model and faithfully mimic human dental tissues in their complexity. Therefore, in the last decades, many efforts have been dedicated for the development of innovative systems capable of emulating human tooth physiology in vitro. This review focuses on the use of in vitro culture systems, such as bioreactors and “organ-on-a-chip” microfluidic devices, for the modelling of human dental tissues and their potential use for dental regeneration and drug testing.
Letter to the Editor
Authors: Drummond Murillo Côrtes
Published: May 2021

Sobre o artigo publicado “O Conflito das Malvinas e a Neurocirurgia Naval “, página 116, do Dr. Manoel de Almeida Moreira Filho, CA Md, venho fazer algumas colocações que, tenho certeza, irão contribuir para esse oportuno e importante registro. A descrição do episódio, de fato, merece destaque em sendo uma ação da Marinha do Brasil, que tanto nos orgulha, e, por esse motivo, me sinto motivado e no dever de esclarecer dois pontos.[...]
Avaliação do Ensino da Dor no Amazonas
Authors: Cavalcante Uchoa Felipe Regis , Reis Franklis , Amorim Robson Luiz de Oliveira
Published: May 2021

O ensino da dor na graduação foi identificado como uma área deficitária e fragmentada nos currículos das faculdades médicas ao redor do mundo. A ementa proposta pela “International Association for the Study of Pain” (IASP), nos serviu como base de comparação curricular no presente estudo. Objetivos: Avaliar a presença do ensino da dor no Amazonas comparando com o modelo de conteúdo programático proposto pela IASP. Métodos: Estudo transversal retrospectivo, com análise do conteúdo programático das aulas da faculdade de medicina do Estado do Amazonas, e comparação destes com o conteúdo programático proposto pela IASP, gerando uma porcentagem total de temas abordados ou não durante a graduação. Resultados: Foram identificadas 170 disciplinas dos três cursos de medicina do Amazonas que possuem ementas disponíveis. Não foram identificadas disciplinas que possuíam Dor como tema principal. Dos 70 temas de conteúdos propostos pela IASP, 39 (55,7%) não foram mencionados nas ementas de nenhuma das universidades. Conclusão: A fragmentação atual dos temas relacionados ao ensino da dor nas faculdades de medicina não garante a cobertura integral do assunto. A falta de uma matéria específica sobre dor reflete a baixa prevalência do seu ensino na graduação.
Pericallosal Artery Aneurysm: systematic review
Authors: Amaro de Souza João Victor , Martins Zicarelli Carlos Alexandre , Batistela Pereira Victor Guilherme , Afornali Sandrieli
Published: May 2021

Background: Pericallosal artery aneurysms, from A2 to A5 segments of anterior cerebral artery, are uncommon (literature states 2.3-9.2% of brain aneurysms). They have a high mortality rate and tend to rupture easily during exposure. This study was done with the intention of pointing out the described presentations of pericallosal artery aneurysms. Materials and Methods: A systematic review related to pericallosal artery aneurysm was performed in the PubMed, MedLine (Ebsco), LILACS and Scielo databases, using as keywords: “pericallosal artery”, “distal anterior cerebral artery” and “aneurysm”. Results: Pericallosal artery aneurysms are present mainly in patients over 50 years of age (2.1:1 female to male). In younger patients (less than 20 years old) the seizure is the most frequent symptom, while in adults (20-59 years old) it is the thunderclap headache. They commonly present with Hunt & Hess Grade (HH) II. However, 69% presented subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), presenting mainly with Fisher 4, which increases the chance of vasospasms. Conclusion: Thus, although the distal anterior cerebral artery (pericallosal) aneurysms display common symptoms, they usually have severe bleeding. Nonetheless, more studies are needed to analyze the epidemiological, demographic and clinical aspects of the pericallosal artery aneurysms
Meningoencefalocele Congênito e Obstrução nasal. Relato de diagnóstico tardio com abordagem endoscópica
Authors: Gonçalves Mateus Capuzzo , Jubé Ribeiro Paulo Ronaldo , Ferri Ricardo Gimenes , Peleja Sebastião Berquó , Gomes Avelino Melissa Ameloti
Published: May 2021

Introdução: Meningoencefaloceles são raras lesões congênitas que podem se manifestar com a queixa de obstrução nasal na faixa etária pediátrica. Uma propedêutica adequada desse sintoma é essencial para o diagnóstico num momento oportuno e abordagem terapêutica antes da manifestação das potenciais complicações relacionadas a essas lesões. Objetivos: Relatar o caso de uma paciente de 5 anos com fissura labiopalatal e queixa de obstrução nasal, obtendo o diagnóstico tardio de meningoencefalocele basal transesfenoidal. Métodos: O estudo foi feito a partir do relato do caso e revisão breve da literatura internacional existente a respeito do tema. Resultados: O caso foi abordado com sucesso via endoscópica endonasal, apesar da dificuldade técnica imposta pela presença de fissura labiopalatal. Conclusão: Apesar de raras, as meningoencefaloceles podem cursar unicamente com o sintoma de obstrução nasal e também podem, comumente, em cerca de um terço dos casos congênitos, estar associadas a outras malformações de linha média.
O que adolescentes pensam sobre o compartilhamento de si na internet?
Authors: Satler Lara Lima , Carrijo Ana Júlia de Freitas
Published: May 2021

Resumo: Analisamos neste texto os processos de atribuição de sentido feitos por adolescentes à prática do compartilhamento si, especialmente na plataforma Instagram. O objetivo é discutir possíveis articulações entre as ações de comunicação digital que envolvem o compartilhar-se e o cenário cultural contemporâneo, a partir das falas dos colaboradores da investigação. Para tanto, utilizamos o método cartográfico com aproximações etnográficas e realizamos entrevistas individuais em profundidade. No campo, a princípio, os participantes apresentaram ressalvas em tratar sobre esse uso, classificando-o como banal e desinteressante, mas posteriormente indicaram que ele faz parte de seus hábitos cotidianos. Os resultados conduzem para uma percepção geral do compartilhar-se como um processo com múltiplos sentidos e propósitos, vinculado à construção de modos de ser socialmente. Palavras-chave: Compartilhamento de si. Adolescentes. Instagram.
Três melancolias, três olhares: de Ofélia, da malmaridada e de Ramon Llull
Authors: Messias de Oliveira Adriano
Published: May 2021

Este texto parte de reflexões distintas que se encaminham em uma mesma abordagem teórica sobre casuísticas contendo o sentimento melancólico na literatura: 1) o fado de Ofélia no âmbito do drama hamletiano (de sabor medieval tardio), fado este que a leva à morte; 2) a cantiga popular catalã Rossinyol que vas a França, em que uma mulher malmaridada reclama de sua má sorte; e, por fim, 3) o delírio melancólico do escritor e filósofo medieval Ramon Llull. Enquanto as duas primeiras aproximações tratam da “bela sofrida” – Ofélia, a rejeitada e a outra, anônima e malcasada –, a melancolia lluliana se fundamenta na psicose megalomaníaca. A tríade exemplifica, já em períodos de fortes sabores do medievo, recorrências da crise do sujeito sintomaticamente expressas na cultura (aqui, em um escopo sempre literário, ainda que Llull seja analisado sob a ótica psicanalítica de Bassols i Puig). Assim, 1) Ofélia, esfacelada pela incerteza e o repúdio hamletiano, esse homem moderno avant la lettre; 2) a mulher sem nome e angustiada que discretamente responsabiliza o pai pela infelicidade conjugal, e 3) a genialidade de Ramon Llull, hoje o prestigiado pai da literatura da Catalunha, entrecruzam olhares díspares, como setas lançadas em direções variadas, mas que se resvalam: uma para baixo, outra para o alto e a terceira para o Outro.
Da Literatura Epistolar à E-pistolar: Panorama em Rede(finições)
Authors: Fusaro Márcia
Published: May 2021

Existe literatura epistolar nos dias de hoje? Em tempos onde os usos da tecnologia reveem conceitos de tempo, espaço e modus operandi na comunicação, haverá ainda espaço e alcance para a literatura epistolar nesse contexto contemporâneo revisor do próprio conceito de literatura e do gênero epistolar? Diante de tais rizomas reflexivos, multifacetados, dada a fluidez desse gênero de difícil categorização, desenvolveremos reflexões, em sobrevoo panorâmico, sobre a carta (epístola) como fascinante gênero literário, por vezes injustamente relegado a segundo plano nos cânones definidores da alta literatura.
Roland Barthes: o estado Adâmico da linguagem
Authors: Bueno Iury Carlos , Fontanari Rodrigo
Published: May 2021

A extensa obra de Roland Barthes, apesar da aparente incoerência teórica, apontou sempre para uma conjunção, para um norte. No extremo desse caminhar, encontramos no fim de sua carreira como escritor o conceito do Neutro, conceito esse que funciona como uma espécie de bússula emotiva, na busca do escape dos paradigmas. Baseando-nos na última década de sua produção intelectual, mais especificadamente no curso ministrado no Collège de France, chamado O Neutro (1977-1978), buscamos nesse artigo justificar um possível entendimento do conceito do Neutro na escritura barthesiana. Conceito esse formulado buscando uma fuga às significações cristalizantes, tão constantes em nosso mundo. O presente trabalho é uma forma de percorrer rapidamente esse conceito, para colocar em discussão essa possibilidade, que a obra de Barthes nos permite como pesquisadores.
Teoria do Meio como alternativa para pesquisas em Comunicação:
Authors: Bueno Thaisa , Arraes Reino Lucas Santiago
Published: May 2021

Aplicações da Teoria do Meio estão sendo debatidas por pesquisadores da área de Comunicaçãohá pelo menos 15 anos, haja vista que os primeiros estudos desse viés de pesquisa apontam para os trabalhos de Innis (1951). Muito criticada por seu caráter determinista, a teoria passou a ser revisitada com o advento das ferramentas digitais, já que debate, substancialmente, o papel do meio como transformador social. Mas, apesar de sedimentada no âmbito teórico, seus estudos não dispõem de uma metodologia sistematizada. Por esse motivo, este artigo buscou, a partir da leitura detalhada dos estudos dos representantes mais conhecidos dessa corrente, entre eles Innis (1951), McLuhan (1967), Meyrowitz (1998), Postman (1994), Einsenstein(1998), Sousa (2009)  e outros, organizar as metodologias mais comumente usadas pelos teóricos desse campo de conhecimento. A proposta tem por finalidade oferecer um copilado de aplicações e quem sabe um primeiro modelo de pesquisa para quem quiser se arriscar em investigações nessa área.
Por uma narratologia da ficção televisual
Authors: Capanema Leticia Xavier de Lemos
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender os desdobramentos da narratologia no âmbito das investigações da televisão por meio de uma revisão crítica de certos estudos já realizados sobre a narrativa televisual. Para tanto, são destacadas três vertentes desses estudos. A primeira delas caracteriza-se por buscar as apropriações realizadas pela televisão de outros formatos narrativos, como o cênico, o literário, o fílmico e o radiofônico. A segunda reúne investigações dedicadas a identificação das especificidades da ficção televisual naquilo que a distingue de outras vias narrativas, destacando, por exemplo, as matrizes da narrativa seriada. A terceira vertente é composta pelos estudos qualitativos da televisão, particularmente, aqueles que deram origem aos termos “televisão de qualidade” (quality TV) e “era(s) de ouro da televisão” (television golden age). Por fim, o artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca dessas abordagens da narrativa televisual de ficção e suas possíveis relações com a narratologia literária e fílmica, posicionado-se a favor de uma perspectiva intermidiática ao inserir a televisão nos estudos da narrativa.
AN IMPROVED APPROACH FOR SOLUTIONS OF SYSTEMS OF LINEAR FREDHOLM INTEGRO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: İLHAN Özgül
Published: May 2021

In this paper, a numerical matrix method is used to solve the systems of high-order linear Fredholm integro-differential equations with variable coefficients under mixed conditions. The technique consists of collocation points and the Morgan-Voyce polynomials. The residual error functions of numerical solutions of the method are also presented. Firstly, the approximate solutions are formed and secondly, an error problem is constituted in favor of the residual error function. The numerical solutions are computed for this error problem by using the present method. The approximate solutions of the original problem and the error problem are the corrected Morgan-Voyce polynomial solutions. When the exact solutions of the problem are not known, the absolute errors can be approximately constructed through the approximate solutions of the error problem. Numerical examples are included to demonstrate the validity and the applicability of the technique, and also the results are compared with the different methods. All numerical computations have been performed using MATLAB v7.11.0 (R2010b).
Wireless cystoscope the future of cystoscopy
Authors: Chatzipapas Ioannis , Kathopoulis Nikolaos , Siemou Panagiota , Protopapas Atthanasios
Published: May 2021

Cystoscopy during a hysterectomy may decrease the rate of lower urinary
tract injury. Our department has developed a new wireless endoscopic
setup that couples a rigid 30 degree , 4-mm cystoscope with a wireless
camera modified with a special adapter. We used a portable and
rechargeable light source. Two cases performed with the new setup are
presented in the videos. This report presents the use of a wireless,
low-cost and portable camera throughout the course of cystoscopy and the
results are promising. The new technique is feasible and easy
reproducible and could contribute to making cystoscopy during
gynecologic surgery cost-effective.
And the Oscar goes to peripheral blood film for detection of lead poisoning in a complicated toxic patient: A case report with review of laboratory clues
Authors: Zamani Amir , Kazerooni Ehsan Sarraf , Kasaee S Saeed , Anbardar Mohammad Hossein , Mohammadzadeh Sahand , Shekarkhar Golsa , Soleimani Neda
Published: May 2021

PBS provides the hematologic and/or non-hematologic picture of a case.A
40-year-old man with history of alcohol and marijuana abuse presented
with extremities and abdominal pain.After extensive investigations,
finding basophilic stippling on PBS led to the diagnosis of lead
poisoning.PBS is the simplest screening test which provide rich
morphological information.
A non-cytotoxic regimen of decitabine to treat refractory T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Zawit Misam , GURNARI CARMELO , Pagliuca Simona , Awada Hassan , Maciejewski Jaroslaw , Saunthararajah Yogen
Published: May 2021

T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL) is a chronic
malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of cytotoxic T-cells
possibly complicated by cytopenias of one or more myeloid lineages. By
describing a multiply-refractory T-LGL case, this report highlights the
importance of molecular-targeted and non-cytotoxic therapies in the
context of frail elderly patients.
Intelligent polymer droplets eject membranes and drive multimodal-propulsion of floating objects
Authors: Ferraro Pietro , Coppola Sara , Vespini Veronica
Published: May 2021

Self-propulsion of bodies floating in water is of great interest for
developing new robotic and intelligent systems at different scales.
Frequently, the propulsion concept has been related to the Marangoni
effect often demonstrated through surfactants. Here we show for the
first time that polymer droplets, made of appropriate combination of
solvent/polymer, can represent a new strategy to activate different
functionalities on water. We demonstrate that, by dispensing such
intelligent polymer droplets, it is possible to propel motions with
different modalities of any class of floating objects made of different
shapes/materials. On demand propulsion and self-rotation (free and along
a pivot) are reported for different objects. Furthermore, we discovered
that meanwhile the object is propelled, polymer membranes can be created
through the spreading phenomena on water’s surface. Such thin polymer
membranes can cover extensive areas and follow predefined paths as
function on the motion assumed. We report preliminary example of
possible exploitation of these new combined functionalities induced by
the intelligent polymer droplets for propulsion of multiple objects and
water cleaning through particles’ capture. In perspective, the droplet
can be endowed with intelligence to control the various operations by
knowing a priori the exact location of the delivery and its volume.
Study of pneumococcal vaccine response in children with underlying medical conditions
Authors: Jareño Marta Garrido , Arce José Miguel Sahuquillo , Vega Hector Rodríguez , Sos Carmen Lloret , Brusola Ana Gil , Hontangas José Luis López , Vázquez Carmen Carreras , Carrasco Leonor Puchades , Lucena Antonio Pineda , García Javier Peman
Published: May 2021

Background: Pneumococcal infection causes serious illness in children,
especially those with underlying conditions. Although pneumococcal
vaccination in the pediatric population is recommended, the immune
response to pneumococcal vaccines in this group is usually deficient.
The aim of this study was to study the response to pneumococcal vaccines
in children with underlying conditions. Methods: A one-year
retrospective study on children with underlying conditions attended at
the Pediatric Immunology Unit of La Fe University Hospital (Valencia,
Spain). Patient demographics, immunosuppressive diseases, pneumococcal
vaccination coverage, serum levels of C3, C4, IgA, IgM, IgG, IgG1, IgG2,
IgG3, IgG4, blood levels of leukocytes, neutrophils and CD4 and CD8 T
lymphocyte were analyzed. Results: A total of 85 children were included
in the study. Only 29.41% of them had the complete vaccination
schedule, most under 5 years of age (76.00%). Protective levels of
pneumococcal antibodies were found only in 48% of the correctly
vaccinated patients, whose serum levels of IgG4 and CD4/CD8 ratio were
higher than in children with deficient response. Low vaccine response
was mostly found among leukemic patients, who exhibited the lowest level
of CD4 T lymphocyte. Patients’ age, immunosuppressive therapy, and serum
levels of C3, C4, IgG3 and lymphocytes were associated with pneumococcal
vaccine response. Conclusion: Most of the patients lacked some dose of
pneumococcal vaccine and had an inadequate response. Mathematical models
can be useful in clinical practice to detect non responders. Emphasis
should be placed on completing a vaccination schedule and, if necessary,
revaccination with a booster dose of pneumococcal vaccines.
Irinotecan Plus Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome for Relapsed or Refractory Wilms Tumor
Authors: Zhang Lian , Wang Juan , Guo Lanying , Que Yi , Sun Feifei , Zhu Jia , Lu Su-Ying , Huang Junting , Liuhong Wu , Cai Ruiqing , Zhen Zijun , Zhang Yizhuo , Sun Xiaofei
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The prognosis of the relapsed or refractory Wilms tumor (R/R
WT) was dismal and new salvage chemotherapy was needed. This study aimed
to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of irinotecan and
doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome regimen (AI) for R/R WT. Methods: The
present study enrolled the R/R WT who were treated with AI regimen at
Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center from July 2018 to September 2020.
The response was defined as the best observed response after the last
two cycle and toxicity was evaluated. Result: Total of 16 patients with
median age of 4.2 years (0.5 to 11 years) were enrolled, including 14
patients with relapsed disease and 2 patients with refractory disease.
These patients received 1 to 8 courses (median 3 courses).14 patients
were assessable for response: 2 complete response (CR), 5 partial
response (PR), 2 stable disease (SD), 5 progression disease (PD). The
objective response rate was 50% (2 CR, 5 PR) and the disease control
rate was 64% (2 CR, 5 PR, and 2 SD). The median progression-free
survival was 3.5 months (range 0.5-12 months), and the median survival
duration was 8 months (range 1-28 months). Sixteen patients were
assessable for toxicity, with most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events
were alopecia (62%), leucopenia (40%), abdominal pain (38%), etc. No
fatal adverse events have been observed. Conclusion: The AI regimen has
positive efficacy with tolerated toxicity, it may provide an alternative
option for the treatment of R/R WT.
WYBRANE KONCEPCJE ZARZĄDZANIA PROJEKTAMI IT OPARTE NA METODYCE PMI – STUDIUM PRZYPADKU
Authors: Kowalczyk Małgorzata , Ochnio Luiza
Published: May 2021

Na całym świecie projekty dotyczące fuzji oraz przejęć instytucji o różnym charakterze działalności charakteryzuja się dużym stopniem skomplikowania i mają swoją specyfikę zarządzania. Są to przedsięwzięcia, przy realizacji których napotyka się liczne trudności oraz ich wykonanie jest bardzo złożone, głównie ze względu na ograniczenia czasowe oraz liczbę zadań, ale także relacje pomiędzy ludźmi. W niniejszej publikacji zwrócono uwagę na różne aspekty zarządzania projektami w podmiotach sektora finansowego (banki oraz biura maklerskie) z udziałem firmy świadczącej kompleksowe usługi doradcze. Zasadniczym celem analizy było porównanie trzech projektów zarządzanych zgodnie z PMI z zakresu IT związanych z transformacją (połączniem dwóch podmiotów) zrealizowanych róznymi technikami w ostatnich 5 latach. W badaniu źródło danych stanowiła specjalistyczna dokumentacja z poszczególnych projektów oraz materiały stosowane w jednym z największych przedsiębiorstw consultingowych, a także wiedza praktyczna i umiejętności specjalistów pracujących w tej firmie. Niezależnie od przyjętej strategii migracji realizacja projektów przebiegała bez większych zakłóceń, a zdefiniowane wcześniej cele zostały osiągnięte.
MAKSYMALNA POTĘGA OGÓLNA GRUPY PAŃSTW
Authors: Zielińska-Kolasińska Zofia
Published: May 2021

Jednym z aspektów badań politologicznych jest analiza potęgi grupy państw. Zagadnienie to należy do zakresu metod ilościowych analizy politycznej [King 1991]. W niniejszej pracy udowodniono, jak powinny rozkładać się udziały grupy państw w poszczególnych czynnikach uwzględnionych w modelu potęgi ogólnej (inaczej: gospodarczej) Sułka, aby łączna siła tej grupy była maksymalna. Wskazano także górne oszacowanie łącznej potęgi, zależne od liczebności grupy. W modelu Sułka kluczową rolę odgrywa produkt krajowy brutto, liczba ludności oraz powierzchnia państwa. Ogólna potęga grupy państw jest sumą potęg państw wchodzących w skład analizowanej grupy.
DOPASOWANIE MODELI GARCH A JAKOŚĆ UZYSKANYCH PROGNOZ
Authors: Domańska Sylwia
Published: May 2021

Analiza dopasowania modeli GARCH przedstawiona
w artykule składa się z trzech części. Po pierwsze, dokonano rozważań teoretycznych w tym zakresie, odnosząc się do zaleceń wskazanych w literaturze przedmiotu. Po drugie, przedstawiono praktyczne aspekty właściwego doboru modelu GARCH dla danego szeregu czasowego na podstawie wartości kryteriów informacyjnych. Po trzecie, wskazano, za pomocą narzędzi analizy ilościowej, związek jakości dopasowania modelu z jakością uzyskanych za jego pomocą prognoz. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest sprawdzenie czy lepsze dopasowanie modelu skutkuje lepszą jakością uzyskanej prognozy.
WYKORZYSTANIE WZORCÓW POŚREDNICH DO BUDOWY MIERNIKÓW SYNTETYCZNYCH
Authors: Binderman Zbigniew , Borkowski Bolesław , Szczesny Wiesław
Published: May 2021

W pracy zaproponowano użycie oprócz wzorców negatywnego i pozytywnego dodatkowego wzorca pośredniego do budowy miernika syntetycznego, przeznaczonego do porządkowania i podziału obiektów na grupy. Na przykładzie rzeczywistego podziału funduszu premiowego pomiędzy jednostki biznesowe w dużej korporacji, zaprezentowano użyteczność takiego podejścia. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały dużą przydatność omówionej metody do porządkowania i grupowania obiektów.
Pregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis with vertebral fractures
Authors: Bozovic Aleksandar , Elek Zlatan , Jovanovic Petar , Tabakovic Dejan , Milosevic Nenad , Grajic Mirko
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Pregnancy- and lactation- associated osteoporosis (PLO) is a rare disease for which the pathophysiological mechanism is as yet incompletely known. The incidence of PLO is 0.4 in 100,000 women. It is considered that the number of undiagnosed patients is even higher. PLO can lead to multiple fragility compression fractures in the spinal vertebrae. Case outline. We present the case of a 30 years old woman (first-born, breastfeeding child) who came for examination due to lower back pain that occured after childbirth without any apparent cause. The patient was found to have low levels of vitamin D and low bone mineral density on osteodensitometry (established osteoporosis). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed vertebral bodies fractures Th11, Th12 and L4. During therapy, we used vitamin D (800 IU/24 h), alendronate (70 mg once weekly), calcium 1000 mg/24h and thoracic lumbar sacral orthosis (TLSO) as support to spine. After 12 months of treatment osteodensitometry findings were close to normal, control MRI showed no further collapse of vertebral bodies and clinical examination of spine was orderly. Conclusion. PLO is a rare clinical condition and it must be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis in patients having low back pain during or after pregnancy. Early diagnosis and treatment of PLO and regular follow-up of these cases are particularly important. The the stability of the spine in patients with vertebral fractures must be carefully monitored as well as using the TLSO as a support for the spine.
Paradigm Shifts in the Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: The Importance of Type 2 Diabetes and Early Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy
Authors: Simmons David
Published: May 2021

For over 50 years, the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been based upon an oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks’ gestation. This is the time during pregnancy when insulin resistance is increasing and hyperglycemia develops among those with insufficient insulin secretory capacity to maintain euglycemia. The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study and the two major randomized controlled trials of treating GDM are based upon recruitment of women at this time during pregnancy. Meanwhile, the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in pregnancy, with its significant risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, has led to a need to identify undiagnosed diabetes as near to conception as possible. Screening for undiagnosed diabetes early in pregnancy also identifies women with hyperglycemia less than overt diabetes, yet at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Such women are more insulin resistant—with higher blood pressure, triglycerides, perinatal mortality, and neonatal hypoglycemia with a greater need for insulin treatment—than those with GDM diagnosed at 24–28 weeks’ gestation. Currently, there is uncertainty over how to diagnose GDM early in pregnancy and the benefits and harms from using the current management regimen. Randomized controlled trials testing the criteria for, and treatment of, GDM early in pregnancy are urgently needed to address this existing equipoise. In the meantime, the importance of early or “prevalent GDM” (i.e., mild hyperglycemia present from early [before] pregnancy) warrants interim criteria and thresholds for medication, which may differ from those in use for GDM diagnosed at 24–28 weeks’ gestation.
Vollbremsung aus Angst. Im Interview mit Rüdiger Reinhardt: Weshalb viele Mitarbeiter bei Veränderungen nicht „mitziehen”
Authors: Steeger Oliver
Published: May 2021

Veränderungen in Unternehmen erzeugen Angst. Daran scheitern viele Changeprojekte, beispielsweise die Einführung agiler Arbeitsweisen. Doch wie kommt es zu dieser Angst? Offenbar ein uralter psychologischer Mechanismus: Veränderungen berühren tiefe psychische Grundbedürfnisse im Menschen – und lösen eine ebenso automatische wie unbewusste Angstreaktion aus, die die Mitarbeit am Wandel blockiert. Gegen diese Angstreaktion richten Projektmanager zunächst wenig aus. Doch sie können Mitarbeiter unterstützen, psychische Ressourcen aufzubauen und sich aus der Schockstarre zu befreien. Ein Gespräch mit dem Wirtschaftspsychologen Professor Rüdiger Reinhardt von der „Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Umwelt Nürtingen-Geislingen“.