bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SISTEM PARKIR MOBIL CERDAS MENGGUNAKAN CITRA DIGITAL DAN MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA328
Authors: Wibowo Dandy , Fit Thoyyibul Al , Baihaqi Rizal , Sugiharto Wibowo Harry , Ghozali Muhammad Imam
Published: February 2021

Tingginya permintaan konsumen terhadap kebutuhan kendaraan bermotor dan minimnya informasi lahan parkir kosong di pusat perbelanjaan, gedung-gedung perkantoran serta lembaga pendidikan khususnya pada kendaraan roda empat, menjadi permasalahan utama untuk dibangunnya sebuah sistem parkir cerdas yang dapat memberikan kenyamanan dan keamanan. Hal ini juga dirasakan oleh Universitas Muria Kudus, sebagai salah satu institusi pendidikan tinggi di kota Kudus. Dengan adanya permasalahan seperti ini maka perlu dibangunnya sebuah sistem parkir yang otomatis dan cerdas. Pengolahan citra digital melakukan komunikasi data dengan gerbang otomatis pada purwarupa sistem parkir mobil cerdas di Universitas Muria Kudus dengan menggunakan basis data Mysql. Dari hasil penelitan yang dilakukan sebanyak 30 kali percobaan menunjukan tingkat keakuratan pendeteksian slot parkir mencapai 90%, jarak deteksi sensor ultrasonik sampai 10 cm dan jarak pembacaan RFID reader sampai 2 cm, komunikasi data dan basis data menunjukkan tingkat keakuratan mencapai 100%.
VOCABULARY MASTERY STRATEGIES USED BY INDONESIAN EXTENSIVE READING LEARNERS
Authors: Listyani Listyani , Pradina Onie
Published: February 2021

Vocabulary mastery is a key aspect of foreign language leaning. Various methods can be used to improve vocabulary mastery. This present study was conducted to find out what strategies the learners of the Extensive Reading Course used in mastering the vocabulary in an English Language Education Program (ELEP) at a private university in Central Java, Indonesia, based on the Schmitt (2000) theory. The strategies discussed in this study are the determination, metacognitive, cognitive, memory and social strategy. In this study, a qualitative research design was applied to collect the data using questionnaire with open-ended questions. There were fifty-six participants of three Extensive Reading classes for this study. The result of the study showed that the determination strategy was the most preferable. Most of the participants used that strategy to enrich their vocabulary, while the social strategy was the least used. It was found that most of ER learners used determination strategies to mastery vocabulary.
DISCRETE AND INTEGRATED APPROACH AND THE IMPLICATIONS ON LANGUAGE TEACHING LEARNING MANAGEMENT
Authors: Khosiyono Banun Havifah cahyo
Published: February 2021

This paper describes discrete and integrated approach and the implication on language teaching learning management. Discrete approach emphasizes on the teaching and learning a language discretely, whereas integrated approach emphasizes on the whole language, namely speaking, writing, listening, reading, pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. In fact, both are interrelated since discrete learning is the basis for integrated learning. Both should be implemented in the teaching learning process in the classroom so that students are able to use the language well. Therefore, the curriculum or the syllabus, teaching materials, teachers’ qualification, and classroom management should be prepared well.
PEMETAAN SOSIOLOGIS DESA CINTARATU KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN
Authors: Safa'atul Barkah Cecep , Hakim Marsha Aulia , Fauzan Farisadri
Published: February 2021

Desa Cintaratu merupakan salah satu desa yang memiliki posisi cukup strategis di wilayah Kabupaten Pangandaran. Selain lokasinya yang relatif lebih aman dari potensi bencana tsunami, juga mungkin saja memiliki potensi tersembunyi yang perlu diteliti. Aspek sosiologi desa merupakan salah satu aspek data yang perlu diketahui untuk memetakan potensi yang ada di wilayah Desa Cintaratu untuk pembangunan jangka panjang. Dengan adanya pemetaan sosiologi desa diharapkan keterkaitan antara lembaga dan masyarakat dapat diketahui dengan jelas sehingga dapat memberikan masukan yang baik terkait rencana pembangunannya. Pendekatan Participatory Rural Appraisal digunakan sebagai basis pengumpulan informasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa lembaga yang memiliki kedudukan sangat strategis dan manfaat yang dirasakan secara langsung oleh masyarakat seperti BPD, Posyandu, Poskesdes,dan MUI, namun juga terdapat beberapa lembaga yang masih kurang dirasakan keberadaan maupun manfaatnya seperti Posluh dan PKK.
KEGIATAN PEMBERIAN BANTUAN SOSIAL PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DESA SEKITAR KAMPUS UNPAD JATINANGOR
Authors: Gunawan Wahyu , Kusuma Dianne Amor
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dilaksanakannya kegiatan solidaritas sosial pandemi Covid-19 ini adalah sebagai wujud empati serta kepedulian beberapa dosen Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad) terhadap masyarakat terdampak Covid-19. Fokus perhatian dalam kegiatan solidaritas sosial ini adalah membantu  masyarakat di beberapa desa sekitar kampus Unpad Jatinangor yang kekurangan bahan pangan. Hasil survei dan pendataan yang dilakukan, tercatat beberapa desa yang sangat membutuhkan bahan pangan disebabkan sebagian besar masyarakatnya kehilangan mata pencaharian akibat pandemi Covid-19. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya yang dapat meringankan beban mereka. Metode yang dilakukan dalam upaya membantu meringankan beban masyarakat adalah dengan cara melaksanakan kegiatan solidaritas di desa-desa sekitar kampus Unpad Jatinangor. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah tanggapan positif dari masyarakat karena mereka sangat terbantu dengan adanya kegiatan solidaritas ini dan sangat berharap agar kegiatan ini dilakukan secara berkelanjutan dan lebih merata.
ANCAMAN STRATEGI HYBRID WARFARE RUSIA: SEBUAH PERSEPSI DAN MANIFESTASI KEBIJAKAN ESTONIA
Authors: Sari Dyah Lupita
Published: February 2021

In recent years, Russia has developed a hybrid warfare strategy as a tactic to carry out war operations to achieve their national interests. Estonia is considered the most vulnerable country in the face of the threat of a Russian hybrid warfare strategy. In this case, Estonia has historical, geopolitical and political value for Russia. Estonia has received signs of the Russian threat manifested through their aggressive actions in Estonia with hybrid projections that have been projected in a real way. Thus, the Russian hybrid warfare strategy can influence the perception of the Estonian threat which was finally responded through a policy to stem the threat of hybrid itself. Underlying the analysis of the Threat Perception theory proposed by Raymond Cohen, this paper will explain how the Estonian threat is perceived by the Russian hybrid warfare strategy by looking at the threatening cue and responses to the  threats. This paper has the argument that the hybrid warfare strategy is a threat to Estonia. The historical factor of Russian-Estonian relations and past experience of threats is a sign of a threat that influences the perception of Estonian threats. Estimation of the threat was then manifested by Estonia in the form of anticipatory actions through increased cooperation with NATO, an increase in Estonia's military capabilities, and other non-military approaches in counter Russian warfare hybrid strategy. Keywords: Hybrid Warfare, Russia, Estonia, threat perception, threatening cue, asymmetric threat, cyber security, disinformation, NATO
STRATEGIC UNCERTAINTY: A NEW WAY OF U.S. DIPLOMACY TOWARDS THE QATAR CRISIS
Authors: Wirautomo Andre
Published: February 2021

The way of U.S. diplomacy under President Trump administration declared a different approach from the Obama era. As President Trump extols unpredictability as a virtue, where Trump is more active through social media in conveying his views. That behavior considered a boomerang for U.S. diplomacy. Under President Trump’s administration, many of the state statement is contradicted with the White House. The uncertainty of U.S. diplomacy is seen when the United States involved in efforts to resolve the Qatar crisis. Qatar crisis is a diplomatic crisis that occurred between Qatar and the Gulf Arab countries which reached its peak in 2017. The United States has never interfered disputes between Qatar and the Gulf Arab countries that have occurred since 2002. However, the United States increased the tension of the Qatar crisis after several tweets from President Trump criticize Qatar funds terrorism in the Middle East. Simultaneously, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson corrected President Trump's statement by expressing the U.S. is supporting Qatar and trying to help by resolving the conflict as quickly as possible. Qatar is well known as the closest ally of the United States on combating terrorism in the Middle East. The disputes between Qatar and the Gulf Arab countries considered had an impact to be interrupting the movement of the United States on combating terrorism in the Middle East which directly affects several U.S. interests in the region. Differences between President Trump and the State Department do not send a clear nor unified message that is a problem for U.S. strategy towards the Qatar Crisis. It considered as proof of the uncertainty of U.S. diplomacy under President Trump administration. Through this analysis the article seeing the uncertainty of the U.S. diplomacy strategy in resolving the Qatar crisis
Human errors as a factor of production risk in the mining industry
Authors: Vinogradova O. V.
Published: February 2021

In modern conditions, improving the safety and efficiency of mining enterprises is impossible without assessing organizational risks. The existing huge knowledge base that has been accumulated by the practice of mining and research in mining science allows designing mining enterprises with a high degree of protection against dangerous and harmful factors for its personnel, but does not ensure safety from the influence of the human factor itself. To solve the scientific problem of ensuring the safety of the main production processes of mining, scientists at the time developed the classification of human errors. This article discusses the most widely used classification of personnel errors. The main types are errors and violations. Studying the identified errors, by management levels and at workplaces related to the human factor, helps to develop the necessary safety measures when assessing organizational risks. And also to increase the efficiency of work, it is necessary to solve the corresponding problems, which are to determine the role of the human factor and identify the main mistakes of staff.
Recommendations for developing measures to improve working conditions based on the results of periodic certification of production facilities for working conditions in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Malashkina V. A. , Kopylova A.
Published: February 2021

More than 160 million occupational diseases detected for the first time are registered annually around the world [1,2]. At the mining enterprises Of Kazakhstan, this indicator has remained consistently high for many years. Currently, in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the only procedure for identifying dangerous and / or harmful factors of the production environment and labor process and assessing the degree of their impact on the employee is the periodic certification of production facilities for working conditions (pout), which is analogous to the procedure for special assessment of working conditions (SOUT) in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the research is due to the need to improve the legal framework for labor protection in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The aim of this work is to improve working conditions at mining enterprises in Kazakhstan by improving the methodology for developing measures based on the results of periodic certification of production facilities for working conditions. To achieve this goal, a «List of measures to improve working conditions»is being developed based on the results of the PA-POUT. At the moment, this list is compiled in the image and likeness of practically the same at all mining enterprises. The article proposes the principle of grouping activities, which allows us to make a more detailed focus on the dangerous and harmful factors of a particular enterprise, as well as the reasons for their occurrence. The proposed ranking is necessary to take into account the specifics of each specific mining enterprise.
Characteristics of geoecological local conditions for the construction of communications to ensure the transit of products from extractive industries
Authors: Goncharova A. R. , Stoyanova I. A.
Published: February 2021

The sale of extractive industries products on the international market is important not only for the development of mining enterprises, but also for replenishing budgets at various levels and solving social employment problems, which will be particularly important in the post-crisis period. Currently, the state has two main tasks for the coal industry: increasing exports and reducing the negative impact on the environment of mining and transportation processes, including coal transshipment at ports. The creation of new Russian transit sea communications in the face of the loss of a number of ports in the Baltic States will increase the volume of cargo transportation between Russia, Asia and Europe. In these conditions, the geo-ecological safety of port terminals for the transit of products from extractive industries is of particular importance. At the same time, such security involves preventing and reducing the negative impact on all components of the natural environment, including the conservation of animal and plant life, biota in General for the sustainable development of territories. The Economics of nature management or ecological Economics up to now gives very approximate and insufficiently objective economic estimates of the reproduction of plants and animals, so the first stage of such an assessment is a characteristic of local environmental conditions and bioresources in the areas of construction of transit communications. Study on the impact of new facilities on biological resources deepen and expand scientific understanding of geoecologically security. The article provides a brief description of the flora and fauna and their possible losses in the area of the projected universal commercial port terminal, which, among other things, transports and transits coal.
Land use land cover change detection in the mining areas of V.D. Yalevsky coal mine-Russia
Authors: Al-Shateri H. A.
Published: February 2021

The dynamics of land use/land cover (LULC) changes, the effect of coal mining on the LULC changes, and the regional environmental impact are discussed in this study. The different land use classes mainly Forest, Water Bodies, Road, Mining Area, Agriculture and Grass in the study area of V.D. Yalevsky coal field area in Kemerovo region of Russia are identified. On the other hand the impact of V.D. Yalevsky coal mine activities on LULC change on the environment and teritory are discussed. The LULC changes in the V.D. Yalevsky coal field area were analyzed for a period of 27 years e.g., from the year 1992 to 2019. The changes were detected on a 13-years time interval using Landsat-4 TM, Landsat-8 OLI. Furthermore supervised classification techniques using maximum likelihood method through ENVI (Environment for Visualizing Images) 5.1software was utilized. In addition post classification change detection method through ENVI was used to investigate the changes. The study reveals decrement in LULC categories of forest to 25.35km², water bodies to -0.94km², agriculture to -98.48km², road to -10.80km². However increment in the rate of mining area to 100.72km² and grass cover 34.86 km² during the study period. Meanwhile 90.18 % overall accuracy and (0.87) kappa coefficient for 1992 classified image, 93.41 % overall accuracy and (0.91)Kappa coefficient for 2006 classified image and 88.69 % overall accuracy and (0.85) kappa coefficient for 2019 classified image were obtained.
Vehicle accident risk assessment in mines
Authors: Sukhorukova M. A. , Ivannikov A. L.
Published: February 2021

The problem of ensuring the safety of modern production is one of the most important. An increase in mineral production and the development of technology lead to an increase in the number of mechanized equipment used in mining enterprises. Transport, in turn, is one of the main factors leading to industrial accidents. The article analyzes the risk of such accidents at large mining enterprises. The share of accidents related to the use of vehicles increases every year and makes up about 25 % of the total number. A mine with annual production of more than 5 million tons of ore was selected as a research model. The risk probability of vehicle accidents in the absence of traffic control was determined. A technique that allows you to take into account the available statistical data on the frequencies and probabilities of possible adverse events, which may be the cause of accidents with vehicles, was chosen to assess risks. Cases of transportation of both ordinary and dangerous goods are considered. The authors determined the probability of accidents for various scenarios and types of vehicles when transporting conventional and dangerous goods, taking into account the lack of traffic light regulation at the interfaces of mining operations. In each case, several possible scenarios for the occurrence of accidents are analyzed. The results of calculations of vehicle accident risks in case of fire and explosion of dangerous cargo are presented. The probability of a collision between one vehicle and another, as well as the probability of a collision when traffic flows on the interfaces, has been established. As a result of the calculation, it was found that the risk of accidents in all cases was acceptable even taking into account deviations from the requirements of the Federal norms and rules in the field of industrial safety. The effectiveness of traffic control to reduce the risk of accidents is planned to be evaluated in further studies. This method allows us to assess the risks of accidents when justifying the safety of mines.
Monitoring and Predicting Water Quality in Swimming Pools
Authors: Sitanayah Lanny , Angdresey Apriandy , Sampul Vandri Josua Abram
Published: February 2021

Water quality in public swimming pools affects human health. While changing the water too soon is wasteful, postponing changing the dirty water is not hygiene. In this paper, we propose an Internet of Things-based wireless system to monitor and predict water quality in public swimming pools. Our system utilizes an Arduino Uno, an ESP8266 ESP-01 WiFi module, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a pH sensor, and a turbidity sensor. We predict the water quality using a data mining prediction model, namely the decision tree Iterative Dichotomiser 3 algorithm. We show by experiment that our sensor node and the wireless monitoring system work correctly. We also show by simulation using Weka that we can get 100% accuracy with a kappa statistical value of 1 and 0% error rate.
Hull Form Factor Prediction of Mini Submarine Model Using Prohaska Method
Authors: Indiaryanto Mahendra , Mujahid Ahmad Syafi'ul , Setyanto Taufiq A , Puryantini Navik
Published: February 2021

Speaking of prisoners on mini-submarines is certainly different Fnom the type of surface vessels in general. This is related to differences in the shape of the sub's hull when compared to surface ship. In addition to differences in the shape of the hull, the difference in the operational area of ​​the ship is also different, where the submarine's hull operates at full water depth, while the surface ship the ship hull partly operates at sea level. If the submarine model is tested then the value of the coefficient of resistance will be very different. Where the component of the coefficient of resistance (CT) consists of the coefficient of Fniction (CF), form factor (1+K), and Correlate Allowance (CA). Because the hull shape is different Fnom the surface ship, then the hull form factor coefficient is the focus of this study. The prediction of the hull form factor can be searched using the PROHASKA method. Where this method is done using a mini-submarine model test. By the known value of the hull form factor, then it can be used to find the value of the coefficient of resistance and can know the resistance of the ship
Spiritual Well-Being Measurement of Older Adults in a Community-Dwelling: A Short-Form Development
Authors:   Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Thailand, Pattaraarchachai Junya , Viwatpanich Kanvee ,   Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Thailand
Published: February 2021

This combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches was performed in Chiang Mai, Samut Prakan, Nakhon Ratchasima, and Nakhon Si Thammarat to develop the general measurement tool of spiritual well-being among older adults who are living in the community. The research was divided into two phases. The first phase was a pilot questionnaire with 41 questions for 106 older adults, and ten focus group discussions. The exploratory factor analysis extracted and reduced the questionnaire to 30 questions. The revised questionnaires were used in the second phase survey on 512 older adults. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis affirmed the fit model of 12 questions on the four components of spiritual well-being (satisfaction, social participation, faith, and awareness), which explain the spiritual well-being condition of older adults, with a 73.8% extraction. Cronbach's coefficient of scale reliability (α) = 0.836, while the inter-item to total correlation was 0.328-0.682. Moreover, the reliability of each component was also high (0.759 < Cronbach α < 0.846). Therefore, the evaluation of spiritual health and well-being, as determined by the short-form (12 questions), is reliable and can apply as a screening tool for spiritual assessment, especially in the case of older adults in the Thai community.
Evaluación de los recursos culturales de la ruta Misticismo Maya, norte de Quintana Roo, México.
Authors:   Universidad Tecnologica de Cancún (México), Marín Bolaños Brenda Adriana , García Mora María Teresa ,   Universidad Tecnologica de Cancún (México), Calvario Morales Ángel Fabián ,   Universidad Tecnologica de Cancún (México)
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this work is to present the results of the evaluation of the cultural heritage re‑ sources of the Mayan Mysticism Route, which includes the communities of Uxuxubi, Hidalgo y Cortés, Nuevo Xcan, Kantunilkin and Solferino, all of them located in the northern area of the state of Quintana Roo. Thie evaluation was the result of a rigorous analysis of the assets most susceptible to being valued for use as tourist attractions in an attempt to diversify the tourism on offer and generate a competitive advantage in this part of the state. For this purpose, the literature on culture, cultural heritage, cultural tourism, cultural tourism products and previous evaluations of heritage resources were reviewed. Next, the cultural heritage resources of the mentioned communities was inventoried and evaluated finally identifying which of the cul‑ tural patrimonial resources were susceptible to being integrated as cultural products.
INTEGRASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA
Authors: Ummah Lulu Farhatul
Published: February 2021

Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter merupakan sebuah gerakan pemerintah yang dilakukan untuk memperkuat karakter siswa. Dalam dunia pendidikan, saat ini kementerian pendidikan sedang gencar-gencarnya melakukan penguatan pendidikan karakter sebagai respon dari maraknya kasus yang menunjukkan kualitas penurunan moral dan karakter anak bangsa. Penguatan Pendidikan karakter perlu dilakukan, terutama pada mata pelajaran bahasa dan sastra Indonesia. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, belakangan ini juga kementerian pendidikan sedang dihadapi oleh situasi yang disebabkan oleh adanya wabah Coronavirus 2019 yang mengakibatkan pemerintah harus mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Adanya permasalahan tersebut membuat gerakan penguatan pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia harus diintegrasikan dengan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Pengintegrasian tersebut dilakukan dengan mengabungkan empat keterampilan berbahasa yaitu Keterampilan Menyimak, Keterampilan Berbicara, Keterampilan Membaca dan Keterampilan Menulis dengan lima nilai karakter utama pendidikan karakter yaitu Nilai Religius, Nilai Nasionalis, Nilai Gotong-royong, Nilai Mandiri, dan Nilai Integritas ke dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis media e-learning.
The BU72-μ opioid receptor crystal structure is a covalent adduct
Authors: Munro Thomas A.
Published: February 2021

In the crystal structure of BU72 bound to the μ opioid receptor (μOR), the opioid clashes with an adjacent residue in the N-terminus; strong and unexplained electron density connects the two, centered on a point ~1.6 Å from each. This is too short for non-covalent interactions, implying covalent bonds to an unmodeled non-hydrogen atom. A magnesium ion has recently been proposed as a candidate. However, this would require unrealistically short bonds and an incomplete coordination shell. Moreover, the crystals were prepared without magnesium salts, but with components that can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS): HEPES buffer, nickel ions, and an N-terminus that forms redox-active nickel complexes. Here I show that an oxygen atom fits the unexplained density well, giving a type of covalent adduct known to form in the presence of ROS, with reasonable geometry and no clashes. While the precise structure is tentative, the observed density firmly establishes covalent bonds linking ligand and residue. Severe strain is evident in the ligand, the tethered N-terminus, and the connecting bonds. This strain, along with interactions between the N-terminus and surrounding residues, is likely to distort the receptor conformation. The subsequent μOR-Gi structure, which differs in several features associated with activation, is therefore likely to be a more accurate model of the active receptor. The possibility of reactions like this should be considered in the choice of protein truncation sites and purification conditions.
Stripping off of the Hydration Shells in the Double Layer Formation: Water Networks Matter
Authors: Alfarano Serena Rosa , Pezzotti Simone , Stein Christopher , Lin Zhou , sebastiani federico , Funke Sarah , Mauelshagen Katja , Hoberg Claudius , kolling Inga , Ma Chun Yu , Ockelmann T , Schwaab G. , Fu Li , brubach JB , pascale roy , Head-Gordon Martin , Gaigeot Marie-Pierre , Tschulik Kristina , havenith martina
Published: February 2021

The double layer at the solid/electrolyte interface is a key concept in electrochemistry. Here, we present an experimental study combined with simulations, which provides a molecular picture of the double-layer formation in operando processes. By THz spectroscopy we are able to follow the stripping off of the cation/anion hydration shells for a NaCl electrolyte at the Au surface when decreasing/increasing the bias potential. While Na+ is attracted toward the electrode already at the smallest applied negative potentials, stripping-off of the Cl- hydration shell is observed only at higher potential values. These phenomena are directly measured by in operando THz spectroscopy with ultra-bright synchrotron light as a source and rationalized by accompanying molecular-dynamics simulations and electronic-structure calculations.
Assessing the Accuracy of the SCAN Functional for Water Through a Many-Body Analysis of the Adiabatic Connection Formula
Authors: Lambros Eleftherios , Hu Jie , Lab Paesani
Published: February 2021

We present a systematic analysis of the accuracy of a series of SCANα functionals for water, with varying fractions (α) of exact exchange, which are constructed through the adiabatic connection formula. Our results indicate that that all SCANα functionals exhibit substantial errors in the representation of the water 2-body energies. Importantly, the inclusion of exact exchange is found to have opposite effects on the ability of the SCANα functionals to describe the interaction energies of water clusters with 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional hydrogen-bonding arrangements. These errors are found to directly affect the ability of the SCANα functionals to describe the structure of liquid water at ambient conditions, which is investigated using explicit many-body models (MB-SCANα) derived from the corresponding SCANα data. In particular, it is found that all MB-SCANα models predict a more compact first hydration shell, which results in a denser liquid with a more ice-like structure. These ap- parent opposite trends can be explained by the inability of all SCANα functionals to provide a balanced description of the water 2B and 3B energies at the fundamental level. The analyses presented in this study provide new insights that can guide future developments of improved exchange-correlation functionals for water.
Variations in Seismogenic Thickness Along the Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand, Revealed by a Decade's Relocated Microseismicity
Authors: Michailos K , Smith EGC , Chamberlain Calum , Savage Martha , Townend John
Published: February 2021

©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. The Alpine Fault is an oblique strike-slip fault that is known to fail in large magnitude (M7–8) earthquakes, yet it is currently seismically quiescent. We examine the low-magnitude earthquake activity occurring along the central portion of the Alpine Fault using seismic data from five temporary seismic networks deployed for various lengths of time between late 2008 and early 2017. Starting from continuous seismic data, we detect earthquake arrivals and construct the longest and most extensive microearthquake catalog for the central Alpine Fault region to date, containing 9,111 earthquakes. This enables us to study the distribution and characteristics of the seismicity in unprecedented detail. Earthquake locations are constrained by high-quality automatic and manual picks, and we perform relocations using waveform cross-correlation to better constrain hypocenters. We have derived a new local magnitude scale calibrated by M w values. Magnitudes range between M L −1.2 and 4.6, and our catalog is complete above M L 1.1. Earthquakes mainly occur southeast of the Alpine Fault (in the hanging wall) and exhibit low magnitudes. We observe a lack of seismicity beneath Aoraki/Mount Cook, which we associate with high uplift rates and high heat flow. Seismogenic cutoff depths vary along the strike of the Alpine Fault from 8 km, beneath the highest topography, to 20 km in the adjacent areas.
NOTION “TARK” AND ITS INTERPRETATION IN THE POETRY OF NAVAI
Authors:   Institute of Uzbek language, literature and folklore UzAS, Khakkul Ibrokhim
Published: February 2021

The article concerns a scientific analysis of renunciation notion, playing an important role in the oriental classic literature, and its interpretations in the poetry of Alisher Navoi. There is an elucidation of renunciation state from the viewpoint of generality of Sufism and literary criticism, in the past and the present. Renunciation from the worldly life, renunciation from afterlife and self-renunciation are important statuses in the appeasement of passion,and in the heart soothing. The importance of love and enlightenment is incomparable in the achievement of these status. Along with this, following Ahmad Yassavi, the founder of Sufi literature,the soul is one of the major themes of poetry, existing up to the present.That is why, it is proved by means of literary extracts that in the relations of soul and body, soul and passion, soul and the world, soul and the divine,renunciationis the wing of the soul. The path of renunciation is the way of freedom, and there is a discussion on truthfulness of the soul liberation from the vanity of the worldly life and afterlife.
Navoi and Attor
Authors:   Tadqiqot LLC International journals portal, BERTELS E.E.
Published: February 2021

Corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Science, prof. E.E. Bertels substantiated with many theoretical and factual materials the originality of Alisher Navai’s poetry in his monograph “Navai and Attar”, since when this monograph was written, Alisher Navai was considered not a poet, but a translator-imitator of the Persian-classical literature in Western European literature. “Navai and Attar” consists of three parts. The first part substantiates the relativity of the connection between the Turkic literature and the Persian and the fallacy of the widespread opinion regarding the inferiority of the Turkic literature. The second part defines the purpose and tasks of writing the poem “The Language of Birds” by Alisher Navai and describes his attitude to his predecessor, the Persian poet Fariduddin Attar. The third part belongs to line by line comparison of the poems by F. Attar “Mantik ut - tayr” and A. Navai “Lison ut - tayr”. Conclusion proves that Alisher Navai was an original and unsurpassed poet of oriental literature.Keywords: academy of sciences, literature, Turkic literature, Persian literature, Western European literature, poet, translator, imitator, orientalist, scientific study of Navai, monograph, the purpose of recreating the poem
Antenatal Care Quality by Midwives as A Stunting Prevention Effort in Malang, East Java: A Comparative Study
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Setya W Diadjeng , Jannah Miftahul ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Putri Rismaina ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Fulfilment of nutrition in the first 1000 days of life greatly affects the development of a child’s brain and body. If the nutritional intake is not fulfilled, the impact on children’s development will be permanent, one of which is stunting. This study aimed to compare the quality of antenatal care (ANC) by midwives in the stunting locus and not the stunting locus village. Subjects and Method: This was a comparative analytic with cross-sectional study conducted in stunting locus and not stunting locus village in Malang Regency from August-December 2019. A total of 84 midwives were enrolled in this study by purposive sampling. The data were collected by questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a multiple linear regression. Results: Quality of ANC in stunting locus and not stunting locus village were not showing good results. The most dominant influence on the quality of ANC midwives in the stunting locus was the length of work of the midwives. Meanwhile, the most dominant influence on the quality of ANC midwives in non-stunting locus was the latest education. Conclusion: Quality of ANC in stunting locus and not stunting locus village are not yet showing good results. Keywords: stunting, quality, antenatal care, midwives Correspondence: Diadjeng Setya Wardani. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran Malang, East Java, Indonesia. diadjeng_wardani@ub.ac.id.085755540404 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.06
Demand on Sectio Caesarea's Labor among Pregnant Women in Developing Countries: A Scoping Review
Authors:   Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Nurasih Maisaroh , Pratiwi Cesa Septiana ,   Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Background: The Sectio Caesarea (SC) has continued to increase in the last decades, both globally and in developing countries. SC is not only performed on medical indications but is also performed at the request of the mother so that it has an impact on increasing CS in general. This study aimed to review the demand on Sectio Caesarea’s labor among pregnant women in developing countries. Subjects and Method: This scoping review method was selected for this study using the Arksey and O’Malley framework. This study consisted of 5 stages, namely: 1) Identifying the scoping review questions with the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome (PICO) Framework; 2) Identifying articles relevant to inclusion and exclusion criteria, conducting literature searches through PubMed, Sciencedirect, Wiley and EBSCO, searching for gray literature through search engines, namely google scholar; 3) Article selection using Covidance Software with PRISMA Flowchart (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyzes) to describe the flow search literature, conduct critical appraisal using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools to assess the quality of articles; 4) Mapping data (data charting);and 5) Compile, summarize and report results. Results: Based on 5 articles that fit the inclusion criteria, the study design used included were qualitative, cross sectional, mix methods. Articles obtained were came from developing countries, 2 Iranian, 1 Jordan, 1 Nigerian, and 1 Cambodia. Two themes emerge from this study, namely the factors affecting the demand for SC and the role of antenatal education. Conclusion: The formation of positive and trusting relationships between women, families and health care providers can result in proper communication. Meaningful discussion is important for women in making labor decisions. Keywords: sectio caesarea, demand for pregnant women, developing countries Correspondence: Maisaroh Nurasih. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Ringroad Barat No. 63, Mlangi Nogotirto, Gamping, Rice Field Area, Nogotirto, Gamping District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. Email: maisarohubay24@gmail.com: Mobile: +6282137175569 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.16
Seismic Assessment and rational renovation of the structural heritage
Authors: Calvi G. Michele
Published: February 2021

Pliny the Elder was possibly the first “engineer” trying to give suggestions on how to construct seismic resisting buildings, but even after gigantic steps in understanding ground motion demand and structural response, any strong earthquake results in casualties and economical losses, in most cases beyond expectations.

It is thus evident that the intelligent application of Newton’s and Hooke’s laws, the development of response and design spectra and of capacity design principles have not been sufficient to protect human life and the constructed environment from nature’s whims.

Today’s frontiers are related to the impossible reconciliation of resources and needs, and consequently to the best use of the available resources, in terms of funding, but as well of time, manpower, advanced techniques.

A first difficulty is associated with the problem of defining a common measure of risk, for different kind of structures and infrastructures, including apparently distant effects, such as business interruption, traffic detour, increased pollution, value of the cultural heritage.

A second basic problem relates to our capacity of appropriately evaluating the effect of different, traditional and innovative, strengthening techniques, in the same terms of global economical benefits.

This presentation will discuss these subjects from a critical viewpoint, emphasizing the possiblecriteriafor the mitigation of seismic risk and some of thealternative choicesthat may be adopted for strengthening, with reference to:

the modification of damage and collapse modes, comma strengthening individual elements or locally increasing the deformation capacity;

the insertion of additional systems resisting eliminate to horizontal actions;

the introduction of base isolation, with the objective of capacity-protecting the existing structure;

the reduction of displacement demand by added damping or introducing tuned mass systems.

Examples will refer to major bridges and historical buildings, with the aim of discussing eliminate how Bringing Existing Structures into the Future, with an intelligent and sustainable approach.
Lions Gate Suspension Bridge Tower Joints Renewal
Authors: de Fleuriot Eric , Guckel Christian
Published: February 2021

A unique collaborative approach was utilised for the renewal of this important component of the bridge. It was a combination of input from the engineer, contractor, material specialist, manufacture and the owner that enabled a process of renewal which was innovative, constructible, utilised new materials and maintainable. An important consideration was to establish the causes for the observed early deterioration of components. A small scale model of the joint in particular was constructed out of wood and based on the 3-D FEM analyses that were carried out on the bridge, for failure mode analysis. Solutions were developed in a joint effort of all parties involved, leading to a novel approach for the restoration of the existing structural component. The installation was time sensitive and took place without any interruption of traffic
Experimental Performance of Composite Box Girder Bridges Decked with Full-Depth Precast Panels
Authors: He Zhiqi , Liu Zhao , Xing Yuan , Chen Yaosan , Ma Zeng
Published: February 2021

Box-girder composite bridges using prefabricated full-depth deck panels allow modular construction, greatly minimizing traffic impacts as well as providing longer span capability and better aesthetics when comparing with conventional plate girder systems. Shear stud clusters embedded in shear pockets are usually used to create composite action between concrete deck slabs and steel box girders. For accelerated bridge construction, it is advantageous to extend the spacing between the stud clusters. As a result, concerns have been raised about the effectiveness of composite action between the precast panels and the supporting girders. In this study, four composite box girders with a length of 5400-mm and a height of 380-mm were fabricated. The slab and the steel box were made composite by using closely-spaced studs over the full span length of beam. The arrangement of stud clusters of beams is respectively 2×3@400mm, 2×3@600mm, 2×2@800mm and 2×3@800mm, resulting in different degree of shear connection between 0.65 and 1.22. The specimen beams were tested to failure under two-point concentrated loads. It can be concluded from the experimental study that: (1) Shear stud clusters in the composite girder design can provide the necessary shear connection at the interface of steel box- girders and precast concrete slab bridge construction to achieve full composite action; (2) The degree of shear connection has little influence on the elastic behavior of composite box girders, and it has limited influence on the ultimate bending capacity; and (3) The testing has proven that full composite action between precast concrete panels and steel box girders can be achieved when the degree of shear connection is not less than 0.7.
Thermal behaviour of a concrete cable-stayed bridge in Algeria
Authors: Santos Luís Oliveira , Xu Min , Vieira Tiago
Published: February 2021

The Salah Bey Viaduct located in the city of Constantine, Algeria, is a cable-stayed bridge with a total length of 756 m and a 259 m main span. Its two pylons have a total height of 130 m and the deck is a prestressed box-girder 3.75 m high with large lateral cantilevers.

A comprehensive structural health monitoring system was set up during construction, including a large number of sensors and covering different aspects, as the weather conditions or the static, dynamic and seismic structural behaviours.

Since the environmental conditions in Constantine involve large daily and seasonal thermal amplitudes, this paper has the purpose to characterize these thermal variations and to analyse its structural effects.
Simulating composite bridges with corrugated steel webs using spatial grid model
Authors: Xu Dong , Lei Jun , Turmo José
Published: February 2021

This paper proposes a method for simulating the structural response of composite bridges with corrugated steel webs. Numerical modelling methods with various model dimensionalities have been widely used in the simulation of this type of structure. Among these methods, one-dimensional finite element model can satisfactorily capture the general reponse but it fails to give the stress result in the structure, which is necessary for refinement design. Also, the intensive computation and convergence issue of 3D solid model make this model less attractive, though it might be more capable of accurately simulating the local response of composite bridges. The spatial grid model is proposed as a simple but accurate solution to model the general and local responses of the composite bridges with corrugated steel webs. In this model, top slabs, bottom slabs and webs are characterized by orthogonal beam elements, wherein the stiffness of these beam elements are determined by the principle of equivalent displacements. For simplicity, the corrugated steel webs were modelled by steel plates of the same depth as the original webs. The folding effect of the corrugated steel webs was simulated by the reduction of the elastic moduli of the longitudinal element for webs. Thorough comparison was carried out between the proposed model and 3D solid model in terms of the vertical displacements, normal stresses, shear stresses under various loading cases. The shear lag effect in the concrete slabs was also investigated by the proposed model. The result verifies the applicability and precision of the proposed method in the refinement design of composite bridges with corrugated steel webs.
Feasibility of timber-concrete composite road bridges with under- deck stay cables
Authors: Lyu Zhan , Málaga-Chuquitaype Christian , Ruiz-Teran Ana M.
Published: February 2021

Timber-concrete composite (TCC) bridges represent an attractive structural system due to the synergistic use of wood and reinforced-concrete. However, the benefits of TCC bridges can be hampered by their relatively large flexibility that limits their application to long spans. This paper presents an alternative solution for TCC bridges that incorporates post-tensioned under-deck tendons. These steel tendons are deviated by two struts and anchored to the diaphragms at the support section, effectively subdividing the total span of the TCC bridge into three sub-spans. The advantages of the newly proposed system are evaluated for 60 m span TCC bridges. This paper shows that the incorporation of under-deck post-tensioning effectively changes the critical limit states governing the design of TCC bridges. In addition, the application of post-tensioned tendons leads to a significant increase in the allowable slenderness and efficiency of structures.
Risk Based Inspection Method for Cable Supported Bridges
Authors: Colford Barry , Canimore Brett , Beabes Shane
Published: February 2021

There is recognition that inspecting all elements of a complex bridge at the same set frequency is not suitable for these types of structures and an inspection regime that uses a risk based approach is more appropriate. However, there is no formal method or guidance on how such an approach should be applied to complex bridges. This paper sets out a method of inspecting complex bridges based on the evaluation of risk. An assessment of the criticality, vulnerability and current condition of each bridge component or groups of components is carried out to determine the frequency of inspection based on the risk of failure. This assessment also takes into account the degree of difficulty of detection by inspection. This method reduces the risk of failure, optimizes resources and can help reduce risk to the public. This risk based approach can also be developed for use in maintenance and capital works planning and this will be introduced in this paper.