bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Timing-Optimised 3D Silicon Sensor with Columnar Electrode Geometry
Authors: Loi Angelo , Lai Adriano , Ye Jixing , Dalla Betta Gian-Franco
Published: February 2025

Among various silicon sensor technologies, 3D silicon sensors demonstrate significant potential for applications requiring exceptional radiation hardness and intrinsic high time resolutions. Silicon pixel sensors with columnar-type electrodes are already operational within the ATLAS experiment, serving in the previous Inner B-Layer (IBL) and the upcoming Inner Tracking (ITk) detectors. Concurrently, advancements driven by the next-generation LHCb VELO detector have led to the development of fast-timing 3D trench sensors within the INFN TimeSPOT project, achieving intrinsic time resolutions close to 10 ps. Remarkably, this performance is sustained even under irradiation levels far exceeding the expected limits for High Luminosity LHC operations. Despite these advantages, 3D trench sensors face challenges related to fabrication, as their production yields remain lower than those of the well-established columnar-type sensors. This highlights the necessity of designing a timing-optimized 3D sensor that leverages the robustness of a columnar electrode fabrication while achieving an intrinsic time resolution as close as possible to the trench-based designs. The design study addressed in this paper aimed to computationally compare the already designed and characterised TimeSPOT 3D trench sensor with alternative columnar electrode-based geometries, focusing particularly on configurations that approximate trench electrodes using parallel-oriented columnar designs. Different geometries and pixel sizes were designed, simulated, and compared. This work presents the entire design and selection effort as well as the preliminary layout of the selected pixel geometries, which are set to feature in FBK’s upcoming production run in 2025.
DeiT and Image Deep Learning-Driven Correction of Particle Size Effect: A Novel Approach to Improving NIRS-XRF Coal Quality Analysis Accuracy
Authors: Yin Jiaxin , Liu Ruonan , Yin Wangbao , Jia Suotang , Zhang Lei
Published: February 2025

Coal, as a vital global energy resource, directly impacts the efficiency of power generation and environmental protection. Thus, rapid and accurate coal quality analysis is essential to promote its clean and efficient utilization. However, combined near-infrared spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence (NIRS-XRF) spectroscopy often suffer from the particle size effect of coal samples, resulting in unstable and inaccurate analytical outcomes. This study introduces a novel correction method combining the Segment Anything Model (SAM) for precise particle segmentation and Data-Efficient Image Transformers (DeiTs) to analyze the relationship between particle size and ash measurement errors. Microscopic images of coal samples are processed with SAM to generate binary mask images reflecting particle size characteristics. These masks are analyzed using the DeiT model with transfer learning, building an effective correction model. Experiments show a 22% reduction in standard deviation (SD) and root mean square error (RMSE), significantly enhancing ash prediction accuracy and consistency. This approach integrates cutting-edge image processing and deep learning, effectively reducing submillimeter particle size effects, improving model adaptability, and enhancing measurement reliability. It also holds potential for broader applications in analyzing complex samples, advancing automation and efficiency in online analytical systems, and driving innovation across industries.
Real-Time Anomaly Detection in Physiological Parameters: A Multi-Squad Monitoring and Communication Architecture
Authors: Jinad Razaq , Gupta Khushi , Oladimeji Damilola , Rasheed Amar , Varol Cihan
Published: February 2025

In military operations, real-time monitoring of soldiers’ health is essential for ensuring mission success and safeguarding personnel, yet such systems face challenges related to accuracy, security, and resource efficiency. This research addresses the critical need for secure, real-time monitoring of soldier vitals in the field, where operational security and performance are paramount. The paper focuses on implementing a machine-learning-based system capable of predicting the health states of soldiers using vitals such as heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RESP), pulse, and oxygen saturation SpO2. A comprehensive pipeline was developed, including data preprocessing, the addition of noise, and model evaluation, to identify the best-performing machine learning algorithm. The system was tested through simulations to ensure real-time inference on real-life data, with reliable and accurate predictions demonstrated in dynamic environments. The gradient boosting model was selected due to its high accuracy, robustness to noise, and ability to handle complex feature interactions efficiently. Additionally, a lightweight cryptographic security system with a 16-byte key was integrated to protect sensitive health and location data during transmission. The results validate the feasibility of deploying such a system in resource-constrained field conditions while maintaining data confidentiality and operational security.
An Attomolar-Level Optical Device for Monitoring Receptor–Analyte Interactions Without Functionalization Steps: A Case Study of Cytokine Detection
Authors: Cennamo Nunzio , Arcadio Francesco , Marzano Chiara , Pitruzzella Rosalba , Seggio Mimimorena , Pesavento Maria , Toldo Stefano , Abbate Antonio , Zeni Luigi
Published: February 2025

A plastic optical fiber (POF)-based device for biosensing strategies has been developed to monitor several protein–protein interactions at ultra-low concentrations without functionalization processes, exploiting plasmonic phenomena. In this work, novel tests were applied to different kinds of analyte–receptor interactions, such as interleukins, where the bioreceptor’s (protein antibody) molecular weight is roughly ten times that of the analyte (protein interleukin), while intracellular bioreceptors and small molecules at low molecular weight interactions have already been demonstrated via the same point-of-care test (POCT). The POCT was implemented by a white light source and a spectrometer connected via two POF-based chips connected in series: an innovative microcuvette chip and a D-shaped POF surface plasmon resonance (SPR) probe. In particular, the POF microcuvette chip was achieved by drilling three micro holes in the core of a modified POF. Instead of performing a functionalization step, the micro holes were filled with a specific receptor solution for the analyte (one microliter at the femtomolar level), which selectively captured the target (e.g., cytokine) when the samples were dropped over the filled micro holes (twenty microliters at the attomolar level). Three interleukins, IL-1β, IL-17A, and IL-18, were detected in the attomolar concentrations range by monitoring the resonance wavelength shift over time due to the cytokine/antibody (protein–protein) interaction. The POF-based device was proven to be effective for detecting several interleukins at the attomolar level in a few minutes and without functionalization processes.
Compensation Method Based on Phase Shift Between Pins of Crystal Resonator
Authors: Li Zhiqi , Peng Jiale , Miao Miao , Wang Zicong
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a new method to improve the long-term frequency stability of an oven-controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO) without an external reference source. The frequency drift of the crystal oscillator can be obtained in real time by measuring the phase shift between the pins of the crystal resonator. In this paper, according to an equivalent circuit of a crystal oscillator, a linear equivalent mathematical model based on the phase shift of the crystal resonator and the output frequency is established. The experiments were conducted to observe the relation between the phase shift and frequency drift of the OCXO. At the same time, a crystal oscillator self-calibration frequency control system is established to improve the frequency drift of the OCXO. The results show that this method can effectively improve the drift of OCXOs. The OCXO drift rate was significantly improved from 1.53 10−10/day to 9.8 10−12/day, and after three days, it settled at 5.24 10−11. The long-term frequency stability also underwent remarkable improvement, from 1.16 10−11/1000 and 3.24 10−11/10,000 to 3.47 10−12/1000 and 1.05 10−11/10,000.
Spatio-Temporal Correlation Between Radon Emissions and Seismic Activity: An Example Based on the Vrancea Region (Romania)
Authors: Montiel-López David , Molina Sergio , Galiana-Merino Juan José , Gómez Igor , Kharazian Alireza , Soler-Llorens Juan Luís , Huesca-Tortosa José Antonio , Guardiola-Villora Arianna , Ortuño-Sáez Gonzalo
Published: February 2025

Radon gas anomalies have been investigated as potential earthquake precursors for many years. In this work, we have studied the possible correlations between radon emissions and the seismic activity rate for a given region to test if the existing correlation may be later used to forecast the occurrence of earthquakes larger than a given magnitude. The Vrancea region (Romania) was chosen as a study area since it is being surveilled by a multidisciplinary real-time monitoring network, and at least seven earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 4.5 Mw have occurred in this area in the period from 2016 to 2020. Our research followed several steps: First, the recorded radon signals were preprocessed (detrended, deseasoned and smoothed). Then, the station’s signals were correlated in order to check which stations are recording radon anomalies due to the same regional tectonic process. On the other hand, the seismic activity rate was computed using the earthquakes in the main catalogue of the region that are able to generate radon emissions and can be registered at several stations. The obtained results indicate a significant correlation between the seismic activity rate and the temporal series of radon anomalies. A temporal lag between the seismic activity rate and the radon anomalies was found, which can be related to the proximity to the epicentre of the main earthquake in each of the studied subperiods. Changes in the regional tectonic stress field could explain why the seismic activity rate and radon anomalies are correlated over time. Further research could focus on obtaining a function to forecast the seismic activity rate using the following as dependent variables: the radon anomalies recorded at several stations, the distance from the stations, and tectonic factors such as the fault system, azimuth, type of soil, etc.
Impact of Running Clothes on Accuracy of Smartphone-Based 2D Joint Kinematic Assessment During Treadmill Running Using OpenPifPaf
Authors: Lambricht Nicolas , Englebert Alexandre , Nguyen Anh Phong , Fisette Paul , Pitance Laurent , Detrembleur Christine
Published: February 2025

The assessment of running kinematics is essential for injury prevention and rehabilitation, including anterior cruciate ligament sprains. Recent advances in computer vision have enabled the development of tools for quantifying kinematics in research and clinical settings. This study evaluated the accuracy of an OpenPifPaf-based markerless method for assessing sagittal plane kinematics of the ankle, knee, and hip during treadmill running using smartphone video footage and examined the impact of clothing on the results. Thirty healthy participants ran at 2.5 and 3.6 m/s under two conditions: (1) wearing minimal clothing with markers to record kinematics by using both a smartphone and a marker-based system, and (2) wearing usual running clothes and recording kinematics by only using a smartphone. Joint angles, averaged over 20 cycles, were analysed using SPM1D and RMSE. The markerless method produced kinematic waveforms closely matching the marker-based results, with RMSEs of 5.6° (hip), 3.5° (ankle), and 2.9° (knee), despite some significant differences identified by SPM1D. Clothing had minimal impact, with RMSEs under 2.8° for all joints. These findings highlight the potential of the OpenPifPaf-based markerless method as an accessible, simple, and reliable tool for assessing running kinematics, even in natural attire, for research and clinical applications.
Acoustic Waves and Their Application in Modern Fire Detection Using Artificial Vision Systems: A Review
Authors: Wilk-Jakubowski Jacek Lukasz , Loboichenko Valentyna , Divizinyuk Mikhail , Wilk-Jakubowski Grzegorz , Shevchenko Roman , Ivanov Stefan , Strelets Viktor
Published: February 2025

This paper presents information on the propagation patterns of acoustic waves and their practical application, in particular, in modern fire detection methods that use artificial vision systems and video cameras as intelligent sensors. In practice, the use of artificial intelligence allows the detection of flames in places where the use of typical sensors is impossible or severely limited. Such a system can work together with environmentally friendly acoustic flame extinguishing technology as a standalone platform, or it may cooperate with other modules, which is a new approach in the field of fire protection. An analysis shows that the presented eco-friendly methods outperform other methods, with many advantages. In the future, the acoustic method can be used for the monitoring and early detection of fires in factory buildings or objects of high cultural, religious, and historical value, while an acoustic extinguisher equipped with artificial vision systems can be successfully used to extinguish fires.
Child Trafficking and Recruitment in Armed Conflicts: Exploring the Worst Forms of Child Labour from a Colombian Perspective
Authors: Boas Izabela Zonato Villas , Ponchio Milena Libralon Kosaki , Smanio Gianpaolo Poggio
Published: February 2025

This article examines the relationship between human trafficking and the recruitment of children in armed conflicts, with a focus on Colombia as a case study representative of Latin America. Drawing on global data from the Global Report on Trafficking in Persons and local reports, the study highlights the convergence of “child trafficking” and “child recruitment” in conflict regions, framing these practices as severe violations of children’s rights and some of the worst forms of child labour. Employing an inductive method and documentary analysis, the research identifies key socioeconomic and political drivers of these practices in Colombia, emphasising their broader impact on Latin American society. The findings underscore the need for integrated international and local efforts to address the vulnerabilities of children in conflict settings and propose strategies for mitigation.
The Shape of Success: A Scoping Review of Somatotype in Modern Elite Athletes Across Various Sports
Authors: Martínez-Mireles Ximena , Nava-González Edna Judith , López-Cabanillas Lomelí Manuel , Puente-Hernández Debbie Samantha , Gutiérrez-López Miriam , Lagunes-Carrasco José Omar , López-García Ricardo , Ramírez Erik
Published: February 2025

This scoping review aimed to determine the somatotype of modern elite athletes across various sports. The literature search followed the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Four databases were consulted, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Clarivate InCites, as well as platforms such as Google Scholar, Taylor & Francis Online, Books Ovid, CAB eBooks, MyiLibrary, and Core Collection. Eligibility criteria included articles published between 1995 and 2024 involving athletes at the elite level, such as junior, senior, Olympic, first-division professionals, world-class competitors, national competitors, black belts, master athletes, non-professional athletes with at least 10 years of experience, those ranked in the national or international top 10, and high-level collegiate athletes. A total of 66 studies were included. Modern male elite athletes predominantly exhibited an endomorphic mesomorphic somatotype, whereas female athletes were classified as central. The present study was the first to synthesize data from 66 articles, encompassing athletes of varying elite levels, both males and females, while providing detailed information on age, weight, height, BMI, somatotype and its classification, and complemented by somatoplot references. Future research is recommended to include a greater diversity of sports and a more significant number of elite female athletes to enhance the representativeness of elite athletes.
Steering Sustainability: The Interplay of CEO Imprints, Organizational Performance, and Government Policies in Green Innovation
Authors: Lu Feifei , Du Sixian , Mehmood Khalid , Hakeem Muhammad Mohsin
Published: February 2025

How do CEOs’ unique early-life experiences—particularly those shaped by formative influences such as military training—impact their subsequent strategic decision-making in green innovation? By integrating upper-echelon theory, imprinting theory, and the green innovation literature, this paper explores whether and when a CEO’s military background influences a firm’s adoption of green innovation practices, specifically within an emerging market context. Analyzing a sample of 1419 Chinese listed firms over the period from 2007 to 2016, our results reveal a significant positive effect of a CEO’s military experience on the firm’s green innovation performance. Furthermore, we find that a firm’s positive financial performance amplifies the influence of the CEO’s military imprint on green innovation outcomes. However, the intensity of government environmental regulation moderates this effect, weakening the relationship between the CEO’s personal values and the firm’s green innovation performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Explorative Short-Term Predictive Models for the Belgian (Energy) Renovation Market Incorporating Macroeconomic and Sector-Specific Variables
Authors: Gepts Bieke , Nuyts Erik , Verbeeck Griet
Published: February 2025

Retrofitting existing buildings is a cornerstone of Europe’s strategy for a sustainable built environment. Therefore, accurate short-term forecasts to evaluate policy impacts and inform future strategies are needed. This study investigates the short-term predictive modelling of renovation activity in Belgium, focusing on overall renovation activity (RA) and energy-specific renovation activity (EA). Using data from 2012 to 2023, linear modelling was employed to analyze the relationships between RA/EA and macroeconomic indicators, market confidence, building permits, and loan data, with model performance evaluated using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Monthly data and time lags of up to 24 months were considered. The three best-performing models for RA achieved MAPE values between 2.9% and 3.1%, with validated errors ranging from 0.1% to 4.1%. For EA, the best models yielded MAPE values between 4.4% and 4.6% and validated errors between 8.9% and 14%. Renovation loans and building permits emerged as strong predictors for RA, while building material prices and loans were more relevant for EA. The time lag analysis highlighted that renovation processes typically span 15–24 months following loan approval. However, the low accuracy observed for EA underscores the need for further refinement. This explorative effort forms a solid base, inviting additional research to enhance our predictive capabilities and improve short-term modelling of the (green) residential renovation market.
Soundscapes as Conservation Tools: Integrating Visitor Engagement in Biodiversity Strategies
Authors: Gale Trace , Ednie Andrea , Beeftink Karen , Báez Montenegro Andrea
Published: February 2025

This study investigates visitor soundscape perceptions in Queulat National Park (QNP), Chile, to inform biodiversity conservation strategies amid rising anthropogenic pressures. By analyzing responses at two sites—Lagoon and Overlook—during peak tourist periods, this research examines how visitor experiences align with protected area management goals. A one-minute listening exercise was followed up by a survey to gather data on perceived sounds and their appeal. The results highlight the importance of involving visitors in monitoring acoustic environments, providing managers with insights into visitor-perceived soundscape dynamics. Unique QNP ecosystem characteristics emerged, with visitors identifying anthrophonic sounds as problematic, especially at the Lagoon site. Perceptions aligned with management concerns about noise impacts from congestion, showing visitors can discern when soundscapes diverge from protected area objectives. These findings underscore the need to integrate visitor engagement into acoustic monitoring to enhance biodiversity conservation. This study advocates ongoing sound level monitoring, protective policies, and tools derived from visitor input. It promotes protected areas as educational venues in order to deepen connections with local environments through sound recognition and calls for signage to inform visitors about noise impacts. Future research should continue to explore these strategies and the potential of visitor soundscape perceptions to reshape conservation strategies and support biodiversity preservation.
Sustainable Geopolymer Tuff Composites Utilizing Iron Powder Waste: Rheological and Mechanical Performance Evaluation
Authors: Khouadjia Mohamed Lyes Kamel , Bensalem Sara , Belebchouche Cherif , Boumaza Abderrachid , Hamlaoui Salim , Czarnecki Slawomir
Published: February 2025

Geopolymers are a sustainable alternative to Portland cement, with the potential to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of conventional cement production. This study investigates the valorization of industrial waste iron powder (IP) as a fine filler in geopolymers synthesized from volcanic tuff (VTF). Composites were prepared with IP substitutions of 5%, 10%, and 20% by weight, using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate as alkaline activators. Microstructural and phase analyses were conducted using scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while rheological properties, compressive strength, and flexural strength were assessed. The impact of curing temperatures (25 °C and 80 °C) on mechanical performance was evaluated. Results revealed that air content increased to 3.5% with 20% IP substitution, accompanied by a slight rise in flow time (0.8–2 s). Compressive and flexural strengths at 25 °C decreased by up to 22.48% and 28.39%, respectively. Elevated curing at 80 °C further reduced compressive and flexural strengths by an average of 45.30% and 64.68%, highlighting the adverse effects of higher temperatures. Although these formulations are not suitable for load-bearing applications, the findings suggest potential for non-structural uses, such as pavement base layers, aligning with sustainable construction principles by repurposing industrial waste and reducing reliance on energy-intensive cement production.
Implementation of Additive Manufacturing Technologies for the Growth and Sustainability of Manufacturing SMEs in Saudi Arabia: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Aldahash Saleh
Published: February 2025

International distribution compels global value chain members to demand highly innovative and technological advancements in their products and processes. The members include small, medium, and large enterprises from both the manufacturing and service categories. Due to short product lifecycles and resource limitations, SMEs are unable to fulfill global value chain requirements in terms of new product development, consequently struggling to sustain manufacturing. In Saudi Arabia, more than 10% of SMEs currently belong to the manufacturing sector, and the majority continue to use conventional manufacturing technologies. Against this backdrop, and to strengthen existing SMEs and enhance their growth, the author conducted a comprehensive literature review on the applicability of additive manufacturing technologies in the manufacturing of various products. The review indicated that the implementation of additive manufacturing technologies faces several difficulties; thus, the author selected two manufacturing SMEs to obtain information on the necessary requirements to implement additive manufacturing technologies. The author interacted with executives from two manufacturing companies, one located in Sudair Industrial City and the other in the industrial center of Dammam. These interactions revealed that better financing, industry–academia collaborations, and stronger inter-company ties boost the adoption of additive manufacturing and support SME growth. Optimizing the use of resources, minimizing the use of materials during the production process through the use of 3D printing technologies, and optimizing time and labor costs help to enhance the economy, which is one of the main components of sustainability.
A Brief Survey on the Riemann Hypothesis and Some Attempts to Prove It
Authors: Spigler Renato
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a brief survey on the Riemann Hypothesis, a central conjecture in number theory with profound implications, and describes various recent attempts aimed at proving it.
Crowd Management at Turnstiles in Metro Stations: A Pilot Study Based on Observation and Microsimulation
Authors: Seriani Sebastian , Aprigliano Vicente , Peña Alvaro , Garrido Alexis , Arredondo Bernardo , Minatogawa Vinicius , Falavigna Claudio , Fujiyama Taku
Published: February 2025

Crowd management at turnstiles in metro stations is a critical task for ensuring safety, efficiency, and comfort for passengers. A methodology based on observation and microsimulation provides an advanced understanding and optimization of crowd flow through these turnstiles. The aim is to optimize crowd management and prevent overcrowding and delays at metro turnstiles through innovative solutions. The methodology is based on simulating passenger movements through turnstiles to observe and optimize crowd behavior. The results show that passenger decisions (e.g., choosing which turnstile to use, adjusting pace) are based on perceived crowd density, level of service, and usage of space. For instance, the number of turnstiles, their location, and the layout are important variables to be considered in the decision-making sequence. These decisions can be influenced by parameters like turnstile availability, walking paths, and real-time data (e.g., density of passengers). The methodology can help metro operators decide where to place additional turnstiles or adjust operational schedules. By simulating crowd behavior, operators can make informed decisions to reduce congestion and improve the efficiency of turnstile usage. This methodology could be implemented in various metro systems to optimize operations during different crowd conditions and peak times, ensuring smooth, safe, and efficient passenger flow.
Integrated Dynamic Power Management Strategy with a Field Programmable Gate Array-Based Cryptoprocessor System for Secured Internet-of-Medical Things Networks
Authors: Vázquez-Castillo Javier , Visairo Daniel , Atoche-Enseñat Ramón , Castillo-Atoche Alejandro , Quijano-Cetina Renán , Del-Valle-Soto Carolina , Ortegón-Aguilar Jaime , Estrada-López Johan J.
Published: February 2025

Advancements in electronics and sensor technologies are driving the deployment of ubiquitous sensor networks across various applications, including asset monitoring, security, and networking. At the same time, ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of data collected by sensor nodes is crucial to prevent unauthorized access or modification. However, the limited resources f low-power sensor networks present significant challenges for securing innovative Internet-of-Medical Things (IoMT) applications in complex environments. These miniature sensing systems, essential for diverse healthcare applications, grapple with constrained computational power and energy budgets. To address this challenge, this study proposes a dynamic power management strategy within a resource-constrained FPGA-based cryptoprocessor core for secure IoMT networks. The sensor node design comprises two main modules: an 8-bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) and a cryptographic engine. These modules collaboratively manage their power consumption during the operational stages of data acquisition, encryption, transmission, and sleep mode activation. The cryptographic engine employs a pseudorandom number generator to generate a keystream for data encryption, utilizing direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) encoding to ensure secure communication. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed dynamic power management strategy within the resource-constrained cryptoprocessor core. The sensor node achieves an average power consumption of 0.1 mW while utilizing 2414 logic cells and 5292 registers. A comparative analysis with other state-of-the-art lightweight sensor nodes highlights the advantages of our dynamic power management approach within the cryptoprocessor sensing system.
Biomarkers of Fumonisin Exposure in Pigs Fed the Maximum Recommended Level in Europe
Authors: Lassallette Elodie , Pierron Alix , Tardieu Didier , Reymondaud Solène , Gallissot Marie , Rodriguez Maria Angeles , Collén Pi Nyvall , Roy Olivier , Guerre Philippe
Published: February 2025

This study investigated biomarkers of fumonisin exposure in pigs fed diets contaminated with fumonisins at the European Union’s maximum recommended level. Pigs were assigned to either a fumonisin (FB) diet or a fumonisin plus AlgoClay (FB + AC) diet for durations of 4, 9, and 14 days. At 14 days, the plasma Sa1P:So1P ratio increased in pigs fed the FB diet, while the Sa:So ratio remained unchanged. In the liver, FB1 was detected at four days of exposure, with the concentration tending to increase through day 14. The Sa:So and C22-24:C16 ratios of 18:1-, 18:2-, and m18:1-ceramides were elevated at 9 and 14 days, respectively. In the kidneys, FB1 was only detectable at 14 days, and the Sa:So and C22-24:C16 ratios of 18:1-ceramides were increased. In both the liver and kidneys, the increase in the C22-24:C16 ratio was attributed to a reduction of C16 ceramides. In the lungs, no FB1 was detected; however, the Sa:So and Sa1P:So1P ratios increased, and C16 ceramide concentrations decreased at 14 days. Feeding the pigs the FB + AC diet resulted in a reduction of the FB1 tissue-to-feed ratio in the liver and kidneys but did not affect the Sa:So or Sa1P:So1P ratios. Interestingly, the decreases in C16 ceramides observed in the FB diet group were no longer detectable in the FB + AC group. Overall, these findings highlight the complexity of the relationship between FB1 tissue concentrations and sphingolipid changes, suggesting that a comprehensive analysis of multiple biomarkers is required to fully understand fumonisin’s effects.
Investigation on Lanthanum Modified Kaolinite for Control of Cyanobacterial Growth and Microcystin Production
Authors: Miao Yige , Zheng Songhai , Lu Xiancai , Zhang Kejia , Fan Jiajia
Published: February 2025

Eutrophication and its resultant cyanobacterial blooms are a severe environmental issue in global water bodies, and phosphate is regarded as one of the primary triggers. In this study, the in situ-synthesized heated kaolinite lanthanum hydroxide composite (HKL-LH) was used to treat cyanobacterial blooms through phosphate removal. A typical cyanobacteria species—Microcystis aeruginosa—was selected as the target organism. HKL-LH efficiently removed phosphate in the solution with the inoculation of M. aeruginosa over the course of one day. A good performance of HKL-LH on control cyanobacterial blooms with initial cell densities ranging from 104 cells mL−1 to 105 cells mL−1 was observed. Although the genetic expression relating to photosynthesis and cell division was upregulated under the stress of phosphorus deficiency, M. aeruginosa growth was significantly inhibited, i.e., the inhibition rate of up to 98% was achieved by 0.1g L−1 of HKL-LH. In addition to cell growth, the photosynthetic activity and viability of M. aeruginosa cells were decreased by HKL-LH. Furthermore, the production of associated toxins (microcystins) and algal organic matters were effectively inhibited, which can reduce the ecological risk and challenges that follow water treatment. In this study, it is shown that HKL-LH has excellent application potential in the mitigation of cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic water.
Effects of Climate Change on the Estimation of Extreme Sea Levels in the Ayeyarwady Sea of Myanmar by Monte Carlo
Authors: Yin Kai , He Liye , Liu Shuo , Xu Sudong
Published: February 2025

Comprehensive understanding and prediction of storm surge are vital for coastal hazard mitigation and prevention. To estimate extreme sea levels in the Ayeyarwady Sea of Myanmar, where long-term tidal data are unavailable, a hydrodynamic model capable of simulating storm surge, along with the Monte Carlo method for generating synthetic cyclones, was utilized. The effectiveness of this modeling approach in the Ayeyarwady seas was confirmed through validation against tidal levels and storm surges. After analyzing 17 selected historical cyclones, a synthetic cyclone history comprising 354 events was developed. Simulations driven by the generated cyclones were subsequently conducted. Based on the simulation results, the 50-year, 100-year, 200-year, and 1000-year sea levels at the research station were estimated to be 4.43 m, 4.83 m, 6.06 m, and 7.24 m, respectively. With a 10% intensification of cyclones and a sea level rise of 310 mm, these four vital parameters were predicted to be 5.03 m, 5.48 m, 6.95 m, and 8.43 m. The results of this study confirmed the significant effects of cyclone intensification and sea level rise. Moreover, the results provide valuable scientific insights for flood management and engineering design in the Ayeyarwady Sea of Myanmar.
THE RELEVANCE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION VALUES IN THE NOVEL “PROMISE” BY TERE LIYE (CASE STUDY OF PONDOK PESANTREN MAHASINA DARUL QUR'AN WAL HADITH)
Authors: Rohimah Rohimah , Azzahra Alifa Hani
Published: February 2025

Students today need alternatives to rekindle Islamic values and education. Fostering Islamic values and education is not only carried out through formal educational institutions but can also be done through printed media such as literary works like novels. This research focuses on using novels as a learning medium in the context of Islamic educational values. The researcher chose the novel "Janji" because it contains numerous Islamic educational values embedded in the characters' dialogues and narratives. "Janji" by Tere Liye, rich in Islamic educational values, offers deep insights into Islamic principles that can be applied in daily life. Therefore, the researcher connects it with the relevance to students at Pondok Pesantren Mahasina Darul Qur'an Wal Hadits. The objectives of this research are: (1) To identify the Islamic educational values present in the novel "Janji" by Tere Liye; (2) To understand the depiction of Islamic educational values in the novel "Janji" by Tere Liye and their relevance to students at Pondok Pesantren Mahasina Darul Qur'an Wal Hadits. The data collection techniques used in this research are interviews and documentation. The chosen data analysis technique is qualitative descriptive analysis. The research findings based on the Islamic educational values in the novel "Janji" by Tere Liye include: firstly, the values of Aqidah, which cover faith in Allah, faith in angels, faith in the holy books, faith in prophets and messengers, faith in the Day of Judgment, and faith in divine decree and predestination; secondly, the values of worship; and thirdly, the values of morality, which include praiseworthy and blameworthy morals. These values also align with the relevance to the students at Pondok Pesantren Mahasina Darul Qur'an Wal Hadits
DOES RELIGIOSITY MODERATE EFFECT OF PROMOTION AND FINANCIAL LITERACY ON MILENIAL INTEREST USING KPR BSI
Authors: Herdita Khansa Putri , Zubaidi Ahmad
Published: February 2025

The millennial generation represents the second-largest demographic group in Indonesia, accounting for 25.87% of the population. This study seeks to explore the factors influencing the millennial generation's interest in utilizing home financing services provided by Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI), focusing specifically on the roles of promotion and financial literacy. Furthermore, the study investigates how religiosity moderates the relationship between these factors and millennials' interest in BSI's home financing products. The research targets millennial customers of BSI residing in South Jakarta, using a sample size of 100 respondents. The sampling method employed is non-probability purposive sampling, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire utilizing a Likert scale. For data analysis, the study adopts the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method, conducted using SmartPLS 3.0 software, with a significance level set at 5%. The results demonstrate that both promotion and financial literacy have a positive and statistically significant effect on millennials' interest in using BSI's home financing services. In addition, religiosity significantly moderates the influence of these factors, further enhancing their impact on millennials' preferences and decisions regarding BSI's home financing products. These findings highlight the importance of targeted promotional strategies and improving financial literacy, as well as addressing the role of religiosity, in fostering greater interest among millennials in Islamic banking products like home financing.
NATURE-BASED LEARNING FOR DEVELOPING THE ISLAMIC POTENTIAL OF STUDENTS AT AL FAZZA NATURAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, DEPOK
Authors: Putra Fajar Harguna Endra
Published: February 2025

Nature-based learning is an educational approach that utilizes the surrounding environment as a source of learning. The nature-based learning approach is designed to integrate Islamic values ​​with nature exploration activities so that it can form religious character, love for the environment, and intellectual abilities of students. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. This study aims to analyze the implementation of nature-based learning in developing the potential of Islamic students at Al Fazza Elementary School, Depok. The results of the study indicate that nature-based learning at Al Fazza Elementary School prioritizes the principle of monotheism in every learning activity, such as observing natural phenomena, practicing farming, and project-based thematic learning. In addition, this method is effective in building an attitude of environmental care, discipline, cooperation, and spiritual appreciation of students.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF PRODUCTIVE MAHAR CONCEPT IN THE LOCAL WISDOM OF LOMBOK TENGAH COMMUNITY AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR FAMILY RESILIENCE
Authors: Munawirsazali Munawirsazali , Suparlan Suparlan
Published: February 2025

This study explores the construction of the productive mahar (dowry) concept within the local wisdom of the Tanak Awu community in Central Lombok and its implications for family resilience. Using a literature review and thematic approach, the research finds that the community has a distinctive perspective on determining the form of dowry given by the prospective husband to his future wife. Unlike conventional dowry practices, the productive mahar is designed to provide long-term economic benefits, serving as an asset that strengthens the financial stability of the family. The study identifies three key implications of this practice: (1) Religious implications, where the mahar is perceived as a symbol of commitment and responsibility in accordance with Islamic teachings; (2) Socio-cultural implications, reinforcing traditional values and strengthening community bonds; and (3) Economic implications, where the productive mahar functions as an investment that supports sustainable livelihoods. By integrating these aspects, the productive mahar contributes to family resilience, ensuring economic security while preserving local traditions. This research highlights the importance of culturally embedded dowry practices in fostering sustainable family well-being and offers insights into alternative mahar models that can be adapted in broader socio-economic contexts.
KONSERVASI BEKANTAN (Nasalis larvatus) SEBAGAI SPESIES LANGKA KHAS KALIMANTAN DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM (TWA) PULAU BURUNG KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU
Authors: Misnawati  , Miliyati Dewi Fitria
Published: February 2025

Bekantan (Nasalis larvatus) memiliki nilai konservasi yang tinggi karena ditetapkan sebagai spesies yang menghadapi risiko kepunahan tingkat serius. Tekanan berat akibat eksploitasi sumber daya alam secara besar-besaran di hutan Kalimantan dan perburuan liar penyebabkan habitat bekantan (Nasalis larvatus) setiap tahunnya mengalami penurunan populasi. Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Pulau Burung merupakan kawasan bernilai penting bagi konservasi bermacam jenis flora dan fauna, salah satunya adalah Bekantan. TWA Pulau Burung memiliki kawasan mangrove yang luas dan rapat, serta kaya akan berbagai jenis mangrove dan kehidupan biota. Meski begitu, perubahan struktur tegakan alami menjadi lahan terbuka, akibat aktivitas manusia seperti alih fungsi lahan untuk tambak, perkebunan, permukiman dan peningkatan lalu lintas sungai (tongkang batubara) serta faktor alam terutama gelombang laut, terus memberikan tekanan terhadap ekosistem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi strategi perlindungan dan konservasi Bekantan di TWA Pulau Burung sebagai upaya mencegah kepunahan spesies. Konservasi adalah tindakan krusial yang harus terus dilakukan untuk menjaga keberlangsungan keragaman hayati dan kelestarian lingkungan. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif, penelitian ini mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis sumber data sehingga menghasilkan gambaran mendetail tentang kondisi saat ini dan nilai konservasi dari Bekantan. Ini penting untuk memahami langkah-langkah apa saja yang harus diambil dalam upaya konservasi yang efektif di kawasan Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Pulau Burung.
Shared Leadership
Authors: Richter Nicole , Hohlbein Evelyn , Prinz Celine
Published: February 2025

Shared Leadership ist ein zukunftsorientiertes Führungsmodell, in dem die Verantwortung zwischen zwei Führungskräften geteilt wird. Das kann die Arbeitszufriedenheit und Work-Life-Balance verbessern und die Arbeitgeberattraktivität steigern. Über Shared Leadership werden unterschiedliche Perspektiven und Erfahrungen in Entscheidungsprozesse eingebracht. Es erfordert eine Änderung der Unternehmenskultur, ein offenes Mindset und spezielle Fähigkeiten der Führungskräfte wie Empathie und Kommunikationsstärke. Bei der Umsetzung von Shared Leadership sind die Definition von Zielen, die Auswahl kompatibler Tandempartner sowie die Schaffung einer Vertrauensbasis zentral. Außerdem sollten Herausforderungen, wie eine größere Komplexität und höhere Personalkosten, sowie die Akzeptanz im Unternehmen berücksichtigt werden. Zudem sind ein regelmäßiges Feedback und eine kontinuierliche Anpassung des Führungsmodells entscheidend.
Kann man Teamkompetenz trainieren?
Authors: Bischof Nicole , Jansen David
Published: February 2025

Teamkompetenz ist ein wichtiger Faktor für die Entwicklung von innovativen Lösungen sowie die Förderung der Zufriedenheit und des Engagements im Team, damit fundiertere Entscheidungen getroffen werden können. In einem gruppendynamischen Training können individuelle Teamkompetenzen erforscht und weiterentwickelt werden, z. B. der Aufbau von Vertrauen, der Umgang mit Konflikten, die gemeinsame Zielerreichung und die gegenseitige Unterstützung innerhalb des Teams. Eine effektive Zusammenarbeit und Interaktion sind von großer Bedeutung bei der Steigerung der Leistungsfähigkeit des Teams.
Das gemeinsame Tun reflektieren
Authors: Solga Marc
Published: February 2025

Für Teams ist es wichtig, immer wieder über ihre Zusammenarbeit zu reflektieren und zu prüfen, was sie verbessern können. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein Assessment für Teams vor, das sich mit dem kollektiven Tun des Teams, gemeinsamen mentalen Modellen sowie Aspekten des Teamklimas befasst.
Innovationscommunitys
Authors: Hatfield Sarah , Jahn Svenja
Published: February 2025

Die Entwicklung nachhaltiger, zukunftsorientierter Lösungen erfordert die gezielte Förderung von Innovationscommunitys. Diese Netzwerke fungieren als Schnittstelle zwischen den Akteuren und Akteurinnen aus Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Politik. Ziel ist es, Wissen und Ressourcen zu teilen sowie innovative Ansätze zu erarbeiten. Die Nutzung des kollektiven Intellekts sowie des interdisziplinären Austausches innerhalb dieser Communitys erweist sich als unabdingbar zur Bewältigung zunehmend komplexerer Herausforderungen. Die in Innovationscommunitys generierten Synergien gehen über die Kapazitäten einzelner Akteurinnen und Akteure hinaus und fördern die Entwicklung dynamischer, widerstandsfähiger Ökosysteme. Darüber hinaus spielen sie eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Skalierung von Innovationen, indem im Rahmen von Pilotprojekten Initiativen getestet und verfeinert werden, bevor sie in größerem Maßstab umgesetzt werden. Trotz der Herausforderungen, die sich aus Diversitätskonflikten und Kommunikationsbarrieren ergeben, ermöglichen Innovationscommunitys die proaktive Entwicklung von nachhaltigen Lösungen.
New Work in der Praxis
Authors: Fischer David Maximilian G. , Müller Johannes C.
Published: February 2025

New Work ist seit der Covid-19-Pandemie nicht mehr aus der unternehmerischen Praxis wegzudenken. Diese qualitative Interviewstudie mit Personalleitern großer Familienunternehmen verdeutlicht, dass kein einheitliches Verständnis von New Work vorhanden ist. Jedoch zeigen sich gewisse Übereinstimmungen hinsichtlich der Charakteristika von New Work – insbesondere bezüglich der örtlichen und zeitlichen Flexibilität. Mit dem Konzept wird zumeist eine Verbesserung der Arbeitgeberattraktivität, der Wirtschaftlichkeit und der Zusammenarbeit angestrebt. Sowohl die Auswahl als auch die Implementierung von New-Work-Maßnahmen ist unternehmensspezifisch. New Work geht weit über mobiles Arbeiten hinaus, stellt jedoch keine universelle Lösung für sämtliche unternehmerischen Herausforderungen dar.