bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the preparation of condensate recovered from “Umid” field for transportation process
Authors:   ”Oil-Gas Scientific Research Design” Institute, Azerbaijan Republic, Safarov N.M. , Abbasov S.G. ,   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Guliyev V.K. ,   ”Oil-Gas Scientific Research Design” Institute, Azerbaijan Republic
Published: September 2022

To study the impact of watercut factor on the efficiency of condensate transportation from Umid field, the paper analyzes the results of numerous laboratory experiments on the research of dehydration process of condensate, artificially mixed with various types of water. Technological consistency of dehydration process was carried out in such a way that to obtain maximum amount of dehydrated product with allowable agent charge and minimum amount of residual water. The dependence of dehydration rate on its time according to the factor of different mixtures of condensate in various agent rates and temperatures has been studied. The time of settling of dehydration process of an emulsion was estimated with amount of separated water in corresponding agent rate. It was specified that the average optimum rate of the agent used for efficient dehydration of condensate is equal to 45 g/t.
The calculation of pile on the horizontal loads
Authors:   Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Hajiyev M.A. , Huseinov I.G. ,   ”Oil-Gas Scientific Research Design” Institute, Azerbaijan Republic
Published: September 2022

The paper studies the calculation of piles on the horizontal load. With the application of the method of finite difference, a resolving system of algebraic equation for the specification of pile bend in a general case of changing of rigidity rate of the basement and bending stiffness of the pile was developed. According to the results of solution of this system, the formula for the specification of parameters of stressed-deformed state of the pile, as well as the contact tension between the pile and subsoil are provided. Developed general technique of the calculation allows studying the effect of the elasticity coefficient of the pile on its deformation being under stress.
Make or break: the thermodynamic equilibrium of polyphosphate kinase-catalysed reactions
Authors: Keppler Michael , Moser Sandra , Jessen Henning J , Held Christoph , Andexer Jennifer N
Published: September 2022

Polyphosphate kinases (PPKs) have become popular biocatalysts for nucleotide 5'-triphosphate (NTP) synthesis and regeneration. Two unrelated families are described: PPK1 and PPK2. They are structurally unrelated and use different catalytic mechanisms. PPK1 enzymes prefer the usage of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) for polyphosphate (polyP) synthesis while PPK2 enzymes favour the reverse reaction. With the emerging use of PPK enzymes in biosynthesis, a deeper understanding of the enzymes and their thermodynamic reaction course is of need, especially in comparison to other kinases. Here, we tested four PPKs from different organisms under the same conditions without any coupling reactions. In comparison to other kinases using phosphate donors with comparably higher phosphate transfer potentials that are characterised by reaction yields close to full conversion, the PPK-catalysed reaction reaches an equilibrium in which about 30% ADP is left. These results were obtained for PPK1 and PPK2 enzymes, and are supported by theoretical data on the basic reaction. At high concentrations of substrate, the different kinetic preferences of PPK1 and PPK2 can be observed. The implications of these results for the application of PPKs in chemical synthesis and as enzymes for ATP regeneration systems are discussed.
The Effect of Environment on Galaxy Spiral Arms, Bars, Concentration, and Quenching
Authors: Smith Beverly J. , Giroux Mark L. , Struck Curtis
Published: September 2022

For a sample of 4378 nearby spiral and S0 galaxies, Yu & Ho used Fourier analysis of Sloan Digital Sky Survey images to show that the strengths of the spiral arms and the pitch angles of the arms are inversely correlated with central concentration. In the current study, we search for trends in the Yu & Ho spiral arm parameters with environment and specific star formation rate (sSFR). When comparing galaxies with similar concentrations, we do not find a significant difference in the arm strengths or pitch angles of spiral galaxies in clusters compared to field galaxies. When differences in concentration are taken into account, we also find no significant difference in the parameter f3 for cluster spirals compared to field spirals, where f3 is the normalized m = 3 Fourier amplitude. When concentration is held fixed, both arm strength and pitch angle are correlated with sSFR, but f3 is not. These relations support the suggestion by Davis et al. of a “fundamental plane” of spiral structure involving pitch angle, bulge stellar mass, and gas surface density. We discuss these results in terms of theories of spiral arm production and quenching in galaxies. To aid comparison with earlier studies based on Galaxy Zoo, we explore how the Yu & Ho parameters relate to similar parameters measured by Galaxy Zoo (i.e., f3 versus the number of arms, pitch angle versus winding parameter, and concentration versus bulge class).
A Semi-empirical Approach to the Dynamic Coupling of CMEs and Solar Wind
Authors: Corona-Romero P. , González-Avilés J. J. , Riley P.
Published: September 2022

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are one of the most relevant phenomena for space weather. Moreover, CMEs can negatively affect essential services and facilities. Therefore, to protect society, we require well-grounded knowledge of the physics that governs the propagation of CMEs from near the Sun to the orbit of Earth. In this work, we deduce expressions to approximate the main forces that affect the dynamic coupling between CMEs and the surrounding solar wind. Therefore, we explore the CME–solar wind dynamic coupling from a magnetohydrodynamic perspective, which, combined with a few reasonable assumptions, allows us to obtain expressions for the thermal and magnetic pressure forces, viscous and dynamic drag, and gravity. We simultaneously use our expressions to compute the trajectories of 34 Earth-directed CMEs. Our results, which are compared with in situ data, show significant quantitative consistency; our synthetic transits closely mimic their in situ observed counterparts. We conclude from our results that magnetic, thermal, and dynamic drag significantly surpass the other forces such as dynamic agents of CMEs in the interplanetary medium. In addition, we find that the initial relative speed of CMEs and solar wind is a determinant factor for the dynamic behavior of CMEs. In other words, subsonic CMEs are initially mostly affected by magnetic and thermal pressure forces, whereas super-magnetosonic CMEs are initially governed by inertial drag.
CLASSY. II. A Technical Overview of the COS Legacy Archive Spectroscopic Survey*
Authors: James Bethan L. , Berg Danielle A. , King Teagan , Sahnow David J. , Mingozzi Matilde , Chisholm John , Heckman Timothy , Martin Crystal L. , Stark Dan P. , Aloisi Alessandra , Amorín Ricardo O. , Arellano-Córdova Karla Z. , Bayliss Matthew , Bordoloi Rongmon , Brinchmann Jarle , Charlot Stéphane , Chen Zuyi , Chevallard Jacopo , Clark Ilyse , Erb Dawn K. , Feltre Anna , Hayes Matthew , Henry Alaina , Hernandez Svea , Jaskot Anne , Kewley Lisa J. , Kumari Nimisha , Leitherer Claus , Llerena Mario , Maseda Michael , Nanayakkara Themiya , Ouchi Masami , Plat Adele , Pogge Richard W. , Ravindranath Swara , Rigby Jane R. , Scarlata Claudia , Senchyna Peter , Skillman Evan D. , Steidel Charles C. , Strom Allison L. , Sugahara Yuma , Wilkins Stephen M. , Wofford Aida , Xu Xinfeng ,   (The CLASSY Team)
Published: September 2022

The COS Legacy Archive Spectroscopic SurveY (CLASSY) is designed to provide the community with a spectral atlas of 45 nearby star-forming galaxies that were chosen to cover similar properties to those seen at high z (z > 6). The prime high-level science product of CLASSY is accurately coadded UV spectra, ranging from ∼1000 to 2000 Å, derived from a combination of archival and new data obtained with HST’s Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS). This paper details the multistage technical processes of creating this prime data product and the methodologies involved in extracting, reducing, aligning, and coadding far-ultraviolet and near-ultraviolet (NUV) spectra. We provide guidelines on how to successfully utilize COS observations of extended sources, despite COS being optimized for point sources, and best-practice recommendations for the coaddition of UV spectra in general. Moreover, we discuss the effects of our reduction and coaddition techniques in the scientific application of the CLASSY data. In particular, we find that accurately accounting for flux calibration offsets can affect the derived properties of the stellar populations, while customized extractions of NUV spectra for extended sources are essential for correctly diagnosing the metallicity of galaxies via C iii] nebular emission. Despite changes in spectral resolution of up to ∼25% between individual data sets (due to changes in the COS line-spread function), no adverse affects were observed on the difference in velocity width and outflow velocities of isolated absorption lines when measured in the final combined data products, owing in part to our signal-to-noise regime of S/N < 20.
Probing the Diffuse Lyα Emission on Cosmological Scales: Lyα Emission Intensity Mapping Using the Complete SDSS-IV eBOSS
Authors: Lin Xiaojing , Zheng Zheng , Cai Zheng
Published: September 2022

Based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 16, we have detected the large-scale structure of Lyα emission in the universe at redshifts z = 2–3.5 by cross-correlating quasar positions and Lyα emission imprinted in the residual spectra of luminous red galaxies. We apply an analytical model to fit the corresponding Lyα surface brightness profile and multipoles of the redshift-space quasar–Lyα emission cross-correlation function. The model suggests an average cosmic Lyα luminosity density of

6.6

−
3.1

+
3.3

×

10

40

erg

s

−
1

cMpc

−
3

, a ∼2σ detection with a median value about 8–9 times those estimated from deep narrowband surveys of Lyα emitters at similar redshifts. Although the low signal-to-noise ratio prevents us from a significant detection of the Lyα forest–Lyα emission cross-correlation, the measurement is consistent with the prediction of our best-fit model from quasar–Lyα emission cross-correlation within current uncertainties. We rule out the scenario where the Lyα photons mainly originate from quasars. We find that Lyα emission from star-forming galaxies, including contributions from that concentrated around the galaxy centers and that in diffuse Lyα-emitting halos, is able to explain the bulk of the Lyα luminosity density inferred from our measurements. Ongoing and future surveys can further improve the measurements and advance our understanding of the cosmic Lyα emission field.
Long-term stability in the winter diet of the Japanese serow (Artiodactyla, Caprinae)
Authors: Hiruma Mitsuko , Tochigi Kahoko , Kishimoto Ryosuke , Kuroe Misako , Elisa Trentin Bruna , Koike Shinsuke
Published: September 2022

The winter diets of northern ungulates are sensitive to changes in environmental conditions and ungulate population densities. We hypothesized that the winter diets of smaller browser ungulates might not readily change in response to fluctuating environmental conditions. We analyzed long-term trends in the winter diet of the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) by analyzing rumen contents of 532 individuals over a span of 16 years among five populations along with changes in the population densities of sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Nagano Prefecture, central Japan. The winter diet composition of the serow was stable over the long term despite the increase in deer population density. The little-flexible nature of the serow diet may explain the long-term stability in the winter diets.
L’autorité du psychanalyste en institution
Authors: Robert Philippe
Published: September 2022

Les institutions de soins sont en grande souffrance eu égard aux difficultés de la population accueillie, mais aussi en raison d’un affaiblissement des métacadres. Un professionnel peut être missionné pour travailler auprès des équipes, parfois il s’agit d’un psychanalyste de groupe. L’autorité bien tempérée peut faire office de garant et de contenant. Mais c’est souvent une autorité floue – non cadrante et insécurisante – et source de confusion et d’angoisse. Dans ces conditions le psychanalyste, chargé de penser les liens inter et trans subjectifs à partir de l’histoire de l’institution et de son fonctionnement réel et fantasmatique peut être assigné à une position d’autorité entravant son travail d’analyse. Il importe qu’il soit clair sur les dispositifs qu’il propose et sur sa légitimité interne.
L’autorité et le besoin de révolte. Une dialectique pour penser l’adolescence aux limites
Authors: Durozard Claire , Desveaux Jean-Baptiste
Published: September 2022

Chez les sujets présentant une tendance antisociale, l’autorité est souvent vécue comme insupportable pour le moi, produisant en retour un mouvement d’opposition face aux règles et à la loi qu’ils rencontrent. En explorant les différentes formes d’exercice de l’autorité parentale sous leurs versants appropriables et abusifs, les auteurs proposent de considérer la révolte comme une tentative pour ces jeunes sujets de maintenir vivante leur identité, leur vrai self . L’autorité abusive est ainsi susceptible de faire éprouver un meurtre des potentialités psychiques, qui s’exprimeront ultérieurement par la destructivité. L’article aborde les possibilités de prise en considération de cet appel teinté d’espoir au sein de psychothérapie pour ouvrir à leur remise en jeu.
Quand l’autorité se fait contrainte : les enjeux de la violence
Authors: Ravit Magali
Published: September 2022

La prise en charge des patients violents placés en institution médico-légale est traversée par certaines typicités transférentielles et contre-transférentielles en miroir des carences narcissiques identitaires dont souffrent ces patients. Aussi, la rencontre avec ces cliniques renferme un potentiel d’effroi traumatique. En ces termes, penser peut représenter un risque, une menace d’effraction et de folie. À partir de séquences cliniques, nous verrons comment lorsque le rapport au symbole n’est pas opérant, la prise en charge mobilise davantage les formes de langages archaïques en appui sur le corps, les éprouvés et la mise à l’épreuve. La contrainte signerait alors ce qui doit être immobilisé ou prohibé de/dans la rencontre…
De l’approche critique des représentations aux dynamiques affectives
Authors: Quemener Nelly
Published: September 2022

Cet article rend compte des déplacements épistémologiques et méthodologiques opérés pour l’analyse des commentaires de la chaîne YouTube de Dieudonné, figure controversée issue du monde de l’humour, condamnée à plusieurs reprises pour des propos antisémites. Il montre comment, face à l’attention publique forte et la multiplicité des réactions que Dieudonné suscite, nous avons fait de la dimension polémique et « réactive » un élément constitutif de la question de recherche, ce qui nous a conduit à repenser le statut du matériau analysé. Plutôt que de chercher les querelles définitionnelles, nous proposons d’y voir l’effet des dynamiques de concentration/dissémination de l’attention et de phénomènes d’intensification des échanges, dessinant ce que nous nommons des « intensités affectives ». L’article dépeint ensuite les stratégies et « bricolages méthodologiques » mis en œuvre pour appréhender un matériau marqué par l’abondance et l’accumulation de visions de monde et de formes de raisonnement « alternatifs », produits en opposition au « système ».
Peut-on soigner le vieillissement ?
Authors: Henry Jean-Pierre
Published: September 2022

Ce numéro de septembre-octobre marque le lancement d’une nouvelle série consacrée au vieillissement de la population, sous ses angles à la fois sociaux, économiques et physiologiques. Dans cet article, c’est à l’aspect physiologique du vieillissement que s’intéresse Jean-Pierre Henry, posant la question qui préoccupe les hommes depuis la nuit des temps : peut-on soigner le vieillissement ? Car si les humains vivent de plus en plus vieux au fil du temps, on semble avoir atteint un plateau et, qui plus est, cet allongement de l’espérance de vie n’est pas toujours synonyme de vie en bonne santé : l’avancée en âge s’accompagne souvent de pathologies plus ou moins lourdes, en grande partie liées au vieillissement cellulaire. Or, comme le montre Jean-Pierre Henry dans cet article, les scientifiques ont beaucoup avancé dans leur connaissance et leur compréhension des processus de vieillissement, et sans prétendre conduire les hommes et les femmes vers l’immortalité, ils ont ouvert la voie à de possibles mécanismes de rajeunissement cellulaire, lui-même en mesure de réduire les risques de pathologies liées à la vieillesse. Cet article propose un état des lieux des avancées de la recherche sur le vieillissement cellulaire, en particulier l’épigénétique, et montre les perspectives qui en découlent (mais aussi les limites qui subsistent) pour freiner voire soigner le vieillissement. S.D.
Les mouvements de résistance à la surveillance numérique
Authors: Ségur Marie
Published: September 2022

Deux ans après le début de la crise sanitaire et le déploiement de mesures particulièrement strictes à l’égard des libertés, Futuribles a lancé une série autour de la problématique des libertés versus demande de protection, de surveillance de la population. Ouverte dans la revue précédente (449), cette série se poursuit dans ce numéro de rentrée, avec cet article de Marie Ségur consacré aux mouvements de résistance à la surveillance numérique. Car les évolutions très rapides des technologies de l’information ces dernières décennies, porteuses de nouvelles fonctionnalités et de nombreuses opportunités pour les utilisateurs, ont aussi pour corollaire la diffusion de quantités de données et informations, peu ou pas sécurisées, susceptibles d’être captées et exploitées par toute sorte d’acteurs, privés comme publics. Consciemment ou non, les utilisateurs de ces technologies diffusent un grand nombre de données personnelles permettant à des tiers de mieux les connaître, de les démarcher, de les surveiller… Dans ce contexte, dès le début de l’informatisation et de l’Internet, des mouvements se sont élevés contre les risques que cela pouvait induire à l’égard de la vie privée et contre les pratiques de contrôle que ces technologies portaient en germe. Marie Ségur montre comment ont émergé ces mouvements de résistance à la surveillance numérique ; elle présente les principaux collectifs qui les composent, leurs principes et méthodes d’action. Elle précise aussi les évolutions récentes, les limites et les perspectives qui pourraient se dessiner, notamment par le biais de la réglementation ou d’actions judiciaires. S.D.
Le soubassement anthropologique de l’accueil
Authors: Dartiguenave Jean-Yves
Published: September 2022

L’étymologie du terme accueillir révèle sa dimension anthropologique : celle du classement qui opère une distinction entre ceux que l’on exclue et ceux que l’on reçoit, celle de la responsabilité qui nous impose le devoir d’hospitalité, quelles que soient, par ailleurs, les limites que l’on impose à ce devoir social. C’est dire l’aspect éminemment politique de l’accueil, au sens où il confère une orientation au rapport à l’altérité et, par extension, à la configuration des rapports sociaux au sein d’une société. Une autre dimension concerne l’engagement que l’on consent dans l’accueil de l’autre. C’est s’attacher ici, par-delà la question de la légalisation de l’accueil dans une société, à la légitimité qu’on accorde à cet accueil.
La Belgique face à la crise migratoire : analyse critique de l’accueil
Authors: Mescoli Elsa
Published: September 2022

Le discours sur la « crise migratoire » apparu depuis 2015 décrit un double processus : d’une part, l’augmentation progressive du nombre de demandeurs d’asile cherchant refuge en Europe ; d’autre part, une crise de l’accueil questionnant les politiques de gestion de ces nouveaux migrants. Ce chapitre vise à interroger plus particulièrement ce deuxième aspect depuis l’expérience et le vécu des acteurs concernés. Sur base des résultats d’un projet de recherche mené en Belgique, il s’agira d’étudier à la fois les formes de mobilisation émergeant auprès de la société civile pour faire face aux effets de la « crise » et au défaut de prise en charge des institutions, et les actions et pratiques des migrants eux-mêmes dans ce contexte. L’analyse critique de ces matériaux permettra de démontrer la complexité des enjeux de l’accueil.
Individual-based modeling of COVID-19 transmission in college communities
Authors: Cator Durward , Huang Qimin , Mondal Anirban , Ndeffo-Mbah Martial , Gurarie David
Published: September 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has created major public health and socio-economic challenges across the United States. Among them are challenges to the educational system where college administrators are struggling with the questions of how to mitigate the risk and spread of diseases on their college campus. To help address this challenge, we developed a flexible computational framework to model the spread and control of COVID-19 on a residential college campus. The modeling framework accounts for heterogeneity in social interactions, activities, environmental and behavioral risk factors, disease progression, and control interventions. The contribution of mitigation strategies to disease transmission was explored without and with interventions such as vaccination, quarantine of symptomatic cases, and testing. We show that even with high vaccination coverage (90%) college campuses may still experience sizable outbreaks. The size of the outbreaks varies with the underlying environmental and socio-behavioral risk factors. Complementing vaccination with quarantine and mass testing was shown to be paramount for preventing or mitigating outbreaks. Though our quantitative results are likely provisional on our model assumptions, sensitivity analysis confirms the robustness of their qualitative nature.
Alcohol and University Students in Iraq: Attitudes, Availability, and Use
Authors: Al Ansari Mustafa , Dawson Angela , Room Robin , Abdulzahra Mohammed , Conigrave Katherine M.
Published: September 2022

As with other Muslim-majority countries (MMCs), there is little data on alcohol use in Iraq. This study examines attitudes toward alcohol and its use among Iraqi university students. It considers the likely impact of the context of conflict and globalization. An online quantitative questionnaire was distributed to students at several universities in Iraq. The survey included questions on alcohol use (AUDIT-C) and availability, drug use, attitudes toward alcohol policy and a screen for post-traumatic stress disorder (PC-PTSD). Descriptive analysis was conducted, followed by multivariate logistic regression to determine independent predictors of drinking. Of the 468 students who provided alcohol-related data, a minority reported having ever consumed alcohol (5.3%; 1.6% females, 10% males). Only 21 participants consumed alcohol in the last 12 months, of whom six had an AUDIT-C score of 4+ (all males). Most students indicated that access to alcohol was “easy”. In multivariate analysis, gender was an independent predictor of lifetime consumption; however, it was not a significant predictor of past year drinking. Living away from relatives was the only consistent significant predictor of lifetime and past year drinking, including among Muslim students. Of the 220 respondents who completed the PC-PTSD screen, 29.2% (n=63) had positive scores. Two in five (n=90, 41.7%) reported direct exposure to violent conflict. While prevalence of drinking is low, 6/15 male current alcohol users in this convenience sample report drinking at risky levels. There are several challenges conducting research on this sensitive topic in a MMC. Further research could strive to obtain representative samples and to ascertain appropriate prevention and early intervention approaches for the socio-cultural context of Iraq.
Post-Pandemic Global Inequalities
Authors: K. Neelima , Chennapalli Subhas
Published: September 2022

The global spread of COVID-19 in the post-pandemic situation had a very drastic impact on various aspects of livelihood. The deaths have risen to more than 3.1 million wherein majorly the aged people remained in danger. The other aspects include the inequalities in sectors like unequal income, prices, opportunity, vaccine access, global recovery, extreme poverty, rising debt levels, etc. The major causes of these are regional trends, migration of skilled workers, the impact of policy, climate mitigation, and adoption policies, etc. Due to sudden switching of teaching in online mode, the education levels have drastically fallen causing learning poverty too. The extreme increase in basic commodities and fuel prices is seen in post-pandemic situations. The climate conditions are also drastically affected causing the people to migrate from one place to another place globally or locally. This chapter details the various causes of post-pandemic situations and the measures to overcome them for eradicating global inequalities.
Effect of Carbon-Containing Additives on the Properties of Fluoroanhydrite Compositions Used for Flooring
Authors: Kalabina Daria , Yakovlev Grigory Ivanovich , Saidova Zarina , Pervushin Grigorii , Gordina Anastasiya Fedorovna
Published: September 2022

The effect of carbon-containing additives on the physical, mechanical and electrical properties of the fluoroanhydrite composition used for self-leveling floors has been investigated. Copper/carbon nanocomposite, crushed technogenic graphite and thermally expanded graphite were used as modifying additives in this research. A method for obtaining thermally expanded graphite was described; the efficiency of its introduction into the plasticized fluoroanhydrite composition was proven: the electrical resistance of the material decreased by 11 times with an insignificant drop in strength on the 7th day from 34.9 to 29.8 MPa (15%). Modification of the composition with copper/carbon nanocomposite did not prove to be effective, leading to a 3-fold decrease in the electrical resistance of the material accompanied by a 4-fold decrease in the compressive strength of the samples. Modification of the composition with micro-sized particles of technogenic graphite lead to a decrease in the strength of the material by 28% without affecting its electrically conductive properties.
Synthesis and Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer with Oleic Acid as a Template
Authors: Azhar Siti Maizatul Ameera , Muyang Brody Sambang , Maniam Gaanty Pragas , Samah Nurlin Abu
Published: September 2022

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Oleic Acid (MIPOA) and Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Palmitic Acid (MIPPA) were synthesized using oleic acid and palmitic acid as the templates; acetonitrile as the porogenic solvent; and allylthiourea as the monomer; and EDGMA as a cross-linker via bulk polymerization. The non-imprinted polymers (NIP) as a control were prepared with the same procedure, but with the absence of template molecule. The synthesized MIPs and NIP were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the results showed the narrowing of –OH peak which shows that crosslinking has occurred. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (FESEM-EDX) was used to analyze the composition of in both MIPs and NIP. The results yielded a composition of C, O, and S. This analysis corresponds to the composition of oleic acid and sulfuric acid as both templates contain -COOH group. These results suggested that the molecularly imprinted polymers can be employed as a potential adsorbent for the removal of oleic acid and palmitic acid from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) waste.
Assessing the Potential of Upcycling Waste Plastics into Mechanically Strong Water-Resistant Thermal Insulation Carbon Foam via Chemical Blowing Method and Low Temperature Carbonization
Authors: Mensah Kenneth , Mahmoud Hatem , Fujii Manabu , Shokry Hassan
Published: September 2022

This work presents the recyclability of waste plastics into mechanically strong water-resistant carbon foam by chemical blowing method and low-temperature carbonization. Waste polystyrene (PS) was used as a precursor. The synthetic carbon foam (CF) was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), C-H-N-S elemental analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal constants analyzer and universal compression tester. The synthesized carbon foam exhibits a low density (0.32 g/cm3), low thermal conductivity (0.074 W/m.K), high compressive strength (58 MPa) and high strength/density ratio (181 MPa/g/cm3). The synthesized carbon foam is a potential candidate for thermal insulation in energy-saving buildings and the technology is a simple, cheap, and sustainable approach to managing waste plastics.
Copper Oxide Coupled Titanium Dioxide (CuO/TiO2) Nanocomposite Photocatalyst for Degradation of Methyl Orange Dye
Authors: A'srai Alina Irwana Muhamad , Razali Mohd Hasmizam
Published: September 2022

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) was utilized in photocatalysis applications due to their non- toxic, cheap and high photocatalytic activity. However, its photocatalytic reaction is limited by low surface area as well as the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and only has ability to absorb a small fraction (<5%) of indoor light. In this study, copper oxide coupled titanium dioxide (CuO/TiO2) nanocomposite photocatalyst was synthesized using hydrothermal method. The synthesised photocatalyst was characterized by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Brunauer, Emmett, teller (BET) and UV- Visible Spectroscopy. Spectra obtained from FTIR have proved that there are existence of O-H stretching, O-H vibration and metal-O bond that correlates to the functional groups of the samples. As affirmed by XRD analysis, highly crystalline rutile TiO2 phase was obtained for pure TiO2 samples. Rutile TiO2 phase is remained and additional peaks belong to copper oxide was observed for CuO/TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst sample. This finding suggesting that copper oxide was successfully loaded onto TiO2. Morphological study from SEM shows the presence of short rod-like particles of copper oxide and agglomerated TiO2 bulk particles. BET surface area for CuO, TiO2 and CuO/TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalysts were 20.50 m2/g, 15.26 m2/g and 17.13 m2/g, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) was found to be 85.0% using CuO/TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst, which is better than pure TiO2 and pure CuO after 3 hours reaction.
Calcium Carbonate Coating on Ti by Transformation of CaO Coating Produced by Sandblasting
Authors: Le Thi Bang , Bui Duc Long , Nguyen Nhung Hong Thi , Eddy Eddy
Published: September 2022

Titanium was the most commonly used metal in orthopedic implant. However, no direct chemical bond would be possible between the implant and surrounding bone tissue, and so the titanium implants lack the potential to induce rapid bone formation. Coating the titanium with a bioresorbable and osteoconductive layer would have a significant osseointegration. The purpose of this study was to fabricate and characterize calcium carbonate coating. The coating was fabricated on Ti substrate by converting of CaO coating in humidity environment under CO2 flow. The CaO coating was deposited by sandblasting process. The CaCO3 coating was approx. 1.85 µm thick and covered the surface’s surface uniformly. The coating strength was approx. 16.1 MPa and the Ca content in the coating was 2.02 mg/mm2.
Resistance of Electrically Conductive Concrete to Sulphate Attack
Authors: Polyanskikh Irina Sergeevna , Gumenyuk Aleksandr Nikolaevich , Gordina Anastasiya Fedorovna , Pudov Igor Aleksandrovich , Yakovlev Grigory Ivanovich
Published: September 2022

It was defined that structural elements of a building made from electrically conductive concrete may reduce their performance characteristics due to the corrosion environment. The main reasons for that process are supplement corrosion factors such as a wide range of temperature, humidity as well as chemical agents in the environment. In this article results of different properties (mechanical, electrical) of electrically conductive concrete are discussed including their alterations due to sulphate attack. Also, microstructure as well as physical and chemical properties of modified concrete have been considered after being exposed to sulphate attack (Na2SO4) for 112 days. That component has been used for modeling the sulphate attack environment. Compressive strength, rate of the corrosion process, the volume of absorbed SO42– ions from a water-based solution of Na2SO4 was defined in order to analyze the effect of sulphate attack. Scanning electron microscopic investigation, energy dispersive spectroscopy, differential thermal analyses were applied for observing morphology and properties changes of modified samples. To assess the influence of sulphate attack on mineral composite materials the approach was suggested and this method might be useful to foresee the durability of concrete while exposing it to the high corrosion environment. In addition to that, a possible method of protection for electrically conductive concrete from sulphate attack was also considered in the article.
Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status in Young and Middle-Aged Adults according to the Meal Frequency from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Survey
Authors: Park Junhee , Yeo Yohwan , Yoo Jun Hyun
Published: September 2022

Background: Previous studies have shown a close relationship between skipping breakfast and nutritional deficiency. However, the impact of regular eating, including lunch and dinner, has not been studied well. We explored the correlation between regularity and frequency of daily meals and nutritional status.Methods: We analyzed Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys between 2016 and 2018. A total of 7,725 adults aged 19–49 years were classified into four groups according to the regularity of meal intake: three-meal regular diet (3MRD), two-meal regular diet, one-meal regular diet, and irregular diet (IRD). Food and nutrient intake was assessed using the 24-hour recall method and estimated by a generalized linear model in complex sample weight variables.Results: In IRD, there were relatively more females who were not married, lived alone, or reported low levels of education. As subjects ate more meals, more people felt thinner and healthier by themselves. Dietary intake of cereal, vegetables, seaweed, and fiber was directly proportional to the number of regular meals as well as essential components such as water, carbohydrates, protein, fat, and micronutrients. Contrarily, alcohol and beverage consumption was inversely proportional to the number of regular meals. Intake level of legumes, fish, fruits, seasonings, milk, oils, sugars, and cholesterol was consistent regardless of meal frequency.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that 3MRD showed nutrient adequacy and a healthier profile on body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, serum fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride.
Comparison between the International Classification of Primary Care and the International Classification of Diseases Classifications in Primary Care in Korea
Authors: Cho Mi-Ra , Kwon Yu-Jin , Kim Shin-Hye , Hwang Jinseub , Kim Jimin , Yang Jangmi , Ahn Jeonghoon , Shim Jae-Yong
Published: September 2022

Background: The International Classification of Primary Care-2 (ICPC-2) is a classification method designed for primary care. Although previous studies have found that ICPC-2 is a useful tool for demonstrating the relationship between patients’ expectations and health providers’ diagnoses, its utility of ICPC-2 has yet to be fully studied in Korea. This study aimed to evaluate the practicality of ICPC-2 in Korean primary care.Methods: The study was conducted at primary care clinics in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas from October to November 2015. Third-year family medicine residents examined and analyzed the medical records of patients who visited primary care physicians using ICPC-2, and the results were compared with those obtained using the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) (Korean version: Korean Standard Classification of Diseases-7).Results: A total of 26 primary care physicians from 23 primary care clinics participated in the study. Furthermore, 2,458 ICD-10 codes and 6,091 ICPC-2 codes were recorded from the data of 1,099 patients. The common disease codes were vasomotor and allergic rhinitis (J30), according to ICD-10, and acute upper respiratory infection (R74) in ICPC-2. Comparing disease status by body systems, the proportion of gastrointestinal disease with ICD-10 codes was significantly higher than that with ICPC-2 codes (P<0.001). Furthermore, patients with >4 diagnoses accounted for 36% of the ICD-10 classifications, whereas those with >4 diagnoses accounted for 4% of the ICPC-2 classifications.Conclusion: Introducing ICPC as a complementary means for diagnosing common diseases could be a practical approach in Korean primary care.
A case report describing accidental swallowing of an intermittent oro-esophageal tube
Authors: Xu Han , Yan Lin , Lei Yin , Shen Qin , Ding Li , Gu Lin
Published: September 2022

A 74-year-old man with dementia was undergoing rehabilitation following a recent cerebrovascular accident. A nasogastric tube was inserted owing to swallowing dysfunction. However, the patient often dislodged the tube. We decided to apply intermittent feeding via an oro-esophageal tube. One day, he accidentally swallowed the tube into his stomach. The intermittent oro-esophageal tube was successfully removed by gastroscopy. This case herein highlights the need to be aware of dysphagia in patients with dementia when inserting an intermittent oro-esophageal tube.
Comparison of Permanent Physical Impairment Ratings According to Government of India Disability Evaluation Guidelines Version 2001 and 2018
Authors: Saharan Anchin , Rathore Rajshree , Joshi Mrinal , Sharma Sunil , Agrawal Himanshu
Published: September 2022

Background:

Disability policies across the world depend on a complex process called disability assessment which serves as a basis for determining eligibility for disability benefits. Disability evaluation and impairment ratings are conceptually different, but impairment evaluation is done as a proxy for disability estimation. The impairment rating guidelines issued by the Government of India serve various purposes such as employment reservation benefits, disability pension schemes, tax exemptions, transport concessions, healthcare provisions, provision of assistance aids, compensation in medico-legal cases, etc. The 2018 guidelines have some modifications from the previous 2001 version. Aperson with equal to or more than 40% rating has benchmark disability and is eligible for disability benefits. The newer guidelines have expanded with the inclusion of new disability categories and the new rating methods. However, there is a lack of evidence-based data on how these new changes affect the severity of ratings and percentage calculation.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to study the agreement between the two guidelines.

Methods:

It was a hospital-based observational study constituting 288 participants with locomotor disability.

Results:

There was a strong agreement between the two guidelines for the severity of impairment ratings and detection of benchmark disability for neurological as well as musculoskeletal disorders(interclass correlation coefficient=0.97, P ≤0.001).

Conclusion:

The strong agreement between the two guidelines indicates that both guidelines have similar and comparable scales in commonly used categories for disability evaluation overall. Further research is required on various subcategories of disability.
Bilateral Tripartite Dural Septation of the Jugular Foramen
Authors: Naidoo Joastin , Rennie Carmen Olivia , Lazarus Lelika
Published: September 2022

We present a case of bilateral tripartite dural septation on the internal aspect of the jugular foramen (JF) in a 71-year-old White South African male. Dura mater at the intracranial aspect of the JF forms the neurovascular compartment, which houses the cranial nerves (viz. glossopharyngeal (9th), vagus (10th), and accessory (11th) cranial nerves), as well as the jugular vein. In the present case, a dural septation was seen between the 9th and 10th cranial nerves and between the 10th and 11th cranial nerves; therefore, the 9th cranial nerve traversed the anterior compartment, the 10th cranial nerve traversed the intermediate compartment, and the 11th cranial nerve traversed the posterior compartment. Clinical implications of this variation of the JF arise due to the occurrence of glomus jugulare tumors, as well as other pathologies such as meningiomas and neuroinomas, and these tumors occur in the region in which the neurovasculature exits the cranium. The tumors then lead to compression of these structures within the foramen. Since two dural septa at the intracranial aperture of the JF are reported bilaterally, the rootlets of the cranial nerves were more tethered within the JF. This has surgical implications as substantial tethering of these rootlets requires additional dissection during surgery, thereby increasing the risk of iatrogenic injury to the cranial nerves. It has also been reported that compartmentalization of the JF accentuates the clinical presentation of the glomus jugulare tumor. Thus, a knowledge of variations within the JF becomes imperative to ENT and neurosurgeons.
The Normal Vermiform Appendixin Adults
Authors: Altunkas Aysegul , Aktas Fatma , Ozmen Zafer , Albayrak Eda , Demir Osman
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

The anatomic location of the appendiceal tip is not certain and it may extend to the retrocecal, pelvic, subcecal, paracecal, postileal, or preileal positions. Its positional variations may alter the degree of inflammation and lead to further illness diagnoses such as colitis, ureteric colic, or pelvic inflammatory disease. Increase in appendiceal diameter is very important regarding the diagnosis of appendicitis. Therefore, the determination of cut-off values for normal appendiceal diameter in computed tomography (CT) would aid in ruling out appendicitis in suspected cases. We aimed in this study to evaluate the frequency of visualization and determine the location and diameter of the normal appendix on CT.

Material and Methods:

We scanned 1842 abdominal CT that were performed in our hospital for any reason, retrospectively. A total of 597 patients were excluded with various indications.

Results:

Lower-upper abdominal CT examinations of a total of 1245 patients were evaluated, and the appendix could be visualized in 984 patients (79%). The appendiceal diameter was ranged between 2.7 mm and 10 mm and it was >6 mm in 19% of the patients. The most common location of the appendiceal tip was pelvic in 318 (32%) appendices. The appendiceal tip was subcecal in 222 (23%), retrocecal in 180 (18%), postileal in 180 (18%), preileal in 54 (6%), and paracaecal in 30 (3%) appendices.

Discussion and Conclusion:

This study showed that the most frequent location of the normal appendix is pelvic type both in women and men.
True Hermaphrodite of Ovotestis in a 5-Year-Old Child
Authors: Yahaya James Joseph
Published: September 2022

Assigning possible and correct sex of individuals born with ambiguous genitalia, notably those with true hermaphroditism (TH) at their neonatal stage, is of paramount psychosocial advantage. A 5-year-old child with karyotype of 46, XX who was reared as male is herein presented. The right testicle was neither palpable in the scrotal sac nor in the inguinal canal. The left testicle was palpable in the scrotum and was of adequate size according to the child. A hormonal profile showed a testosterone level of 2.30 ng/dl (normal value: 30–50 ng/dl). Both testicular and ovarian tissues were found on one side (ovotestis), hence TH of ovotestis was confirmed. It is important to assign true sex for patients with an intersex disorder particularly those with TH so as to give positive psychosocial benefits for them as well as removing gonadal tissues which would lead to the development of gonadal malignancies.
ASSESSMENT OF STREAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION USING FISHBASED METRICS IN A PROTECTED AREA AND ITS DISTURBED BUFFER ZONE, NORTHEASTERN ATLANTIC RAINFOREST
Authors: Guimarães Felipe Vieira , Sarmento-Soares Luisa Maria , Martins-Pinheiro Ronaldo Fernando , Duboc Luiz Fernando
Published: September 2022

The susceptibility of streams to anthropogenic interference raises the need for continuous assessment of their environmental condition. From early studies to recent approaches, metrics derived from fish assemblages have proven to be fundamental tools in evaluating the ecological condition of watercourses. We assessed the environmental degradation of streams inside and surrounding the Córrego Grande Biological Reserve, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, to develop and apply a biotic index for this region based on fish metrics. We performed samplings in 19 stream sites along 2012, 2018 and 2019, and collected 24 species belonging to five orders, 11 families, and 21 genera. The sites were classified as least-disturbed (N = 9, all within the protected area), intermediate (N = 8), and most-disturbed (N = 2). Ordination analyses distinctly separated the sites according to their disturbance classes, revealing that the percentage of native vegetation cover in 100 m buffers and type of riparian vegetation played an important role in the environmental quality of these sites. From the initial 38 metrics, three were able to distinguish between disturbance classes: percentage of Siluriformes and Characiformes species, percentage of nektonic species, and percentage of omnivorous individuals. Our results show that these metrics are significant factors to be considered in monitoring the environmental degradation of Atlantic Forest streams.