bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single cell expression analysis reveals anatomical and cell cycle-dependent transcriptional shifts during heart development
Authors: Li Guang , Tian Lei , Goodyer William , Kort Eric J. , Buikema Jan W. , Xu Adele , Wu Joseph C. , Jovinge Stefan , Wu Sean M.
Published: May 2019

The heart is a complex organ composed of multiple cell and tissue types. Cardiac cells from different regions of the growing embryonic heart exhibit distinct patterns of gene expression, which are thought to contribute to heart development and morphogenesis. Single cell RNA sequencing allows genome-wide analysis of gene expression at the single cell level. Here, we have analyzed cardiac cells derived from early stage developing hearts by single cell RNA-seq and identified cell cycle gene expression as a major determinant of transcriptional variation. Within cell cycle stage-matched CMs from a given heart chamber, we found that CMs in the G2/M phase downregulated sarcomeric and cytoskeletal markers. We also identified cell location-specific signaling molecules that may influence the proliferation of other nearby cell types. Our data highlight how variations in cell cycle activity selectively promote cardiac chamber growth during development, reveal profound chamber-specific cell cycle-linked transcriptional shifts, and open the way to deeper understanding of pathogenesis of congenital heart disease.
The exocyst functions in niche cells to promote germline stem cell differentiation by directly controlling EGFR membrane trafficking
Authors: Mao Ying , Tu Renjun , Huang Yan , Mao Decai , Yang Zhihao , Lau Pik Ki , Wang Jinhui , Ni Jianquan , Guo Yusong , Xie Ting
Published: May 2019

The niche controls stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in animal tissues. Although the exocyst is known to be important for protein membrane trafficking and secretion, its role in stem cells and niches has never been reported. Here, this study shows that the exocyst functions in the niche to promote germline stem cell (GSC) progeny differentiation in the Drosophila ovary by directly regulating EGFR membrane trafficking and signaling. Inactivating exocyst components in inner germarial sheath cells, which form the differentiation niche, causes a severe GSC differentiation defect. The exocyst is required for maintaining niche cells and preventing BMP signaling in GSC progeny by promoting EGFR membrane targeting and signaling through direct association with EGFR. Finally, it is also required for EGFR membrane targeting, recycling and signaling in human cells. Therefore, this study has revealed a novel function of the exocyst in niche cells to promote stem cell progeny differentiation by directly controlling EGFR membrane trafficking and signaling in vivo, and has also provided important insight into how the niche controls stem cell progeny differentiation at the molecular level.
Inflated Reputations: Uncertainty, Leniency, and Moral Wiggle Room in Trader Feedback Systems
Authors: Bolton Gary E. , Kusterer David J. , Mans Johannes
Published: May 2019

The reputation information provided by market feedback systems tends to be compressed in the sense that reliable and unreliable sellers have similar feedback scores. The experiment presented here features a market in which what a buyer receives is a noisy signal of what was actually sent. We focus on the influence the noise has on endogenously given feedback. The attributional uncertainty creates room for leniency in feedback giving. We find that buyer leniency reduces the informativeness of the feedback system and, in combination with uncertainty, diminishes seller trustworthiness. With a noisy signal, buyers pay about the same prices but get significantly less.

This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
The suit maketh the man: Masculinity and social class in Kingsman: The Secret Service (Vaughn, 2014)
Authors: Morgan Ashley
Published: May 2019

This article outlines the ways in which suits are synonymous with masculinity examining the, sometimes paradoxical, nature of suits worn by men of all social classes, and for different reasons. For example, hegemonic men wear suits in a bid to convey power, arguably, by rendering the wearers uniform in appearance so that the focus is on what hegemonic men might say and do, rather than how they might look. Moreover, the uniformity of suits is a means by which men of a lower social class demonstrate aspiration to a higher social class and might affect hegemonic power through wearing them. While much has been written about masculinity and suits, with many authors agreeing that the bespoke suit is at the pinnacle of the hierarchy of men’s clothing, yet there is a little attention paid to the way in which the bespoke suit is represented in media or popular culture. This article examines the role of clothing of the main characters in the film Kingsman: The Secret Service (2014) with a particular focus on the contribution that the bespoke suit makes to the masculinity of the bodies of the individuals within the film. Principally, the bespoke suit elevates the body of the wearer from quotidian to tailored, the fitting of which allows for better representation of a man’s body. It will explore representation of middle-class masculinity, hegemony and embodiment in the film, addressing the idea of whether wearing a bespoke suit can help a man transcend the boundaries of ‘chav’ masculinity, which is depicted as male subordination, and rise into middle-class hegemonic masculinity through the character of Gary ‘Eggsy’ Unwin (Taron Egerton).
Successful Cascade of Care and Cure HCV in 5382 Drugs Users: How Increase HCV Treatment by Outreach Care, Since Screening to Treatment
Authors: Remy Andre-Jean , Bouchkira Hakim , Hervet Jeremy , Happiette Arnaud , Wenger Hugues
Published: May 2019

Introduction
In France 33% of patients didn’t take care of hepatitis C because there were no diagnosed. Drug injection was main contamination route of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in France. French guidelines were to treat all inmates and drug users, even fibrosis level. Access of HCV screening, care and treatment in drugs users, prisoners and homeless was low in France. They were considered as difficult to treat populations. All these patients need specific support. Hepatitis Mobile Team (HMT) was created in July 2013 to increase screening care and treatment of hepatitis B and C patients. HMT was composed of hepatologist, nurses, social workers and health care worker.

Objective
increase outreach screening care treatment access and cure of our target population. Patients and methods Target population was drugs users, prisoners, homeless, precarious people, migrants and psychiatric patients. We proposed part or all of our services to our 42 medical and social partners: HCV HBV screening by DBS (dried blood test); outside DBS and FIBROSCAN in converted van; Outreach open center; Drug users information and prevention, Free blood tests in primary care;, Staff training; Social screening and diagnosis; Mobile liver stiffness Fibroscan in site; Advanced on-site specialist consultation; Easy access to pre-treatment commission; Low cost mobile phones for patients; Individual psycho-educative intervention sessions; Collective educative workshops; Peer to peer educational program; Specific one day hospitalizations. All services were free for patients and for partners.

Results
from 2013 July to 2018 December, we did 8382 DBS for 5382 people (3053 HCV DBS) and 2302 Fibroscan*. HCV new positive rate was 21.3%. Our HCV active file was 651patients included these 24.8% new patients screened by DBS; 98% realized HCV genotype, HCV viral load and FIBROSCAN. DAA treatment was proposed to 96%; 95% started treatment, 4% were lost follow up or refused treatment. After treatment, there was 7 relapse and 3 reinfections by drug injection and cured rate of 94%. Sociological evaluation showed that 4 program qualities for patients: free access, closeness (outside hospital), speed (of the results) and availability (of nurse and social workers). Conclusions: Specific follow-up of drugs users and other HCV high-risk patients including screening, early detection, diagnosis and treatment increase rate of treated and cured patients, with low rate of relapse and reinfections.
Selection of Industrial Packaging System in Closed-loop Automotive Supply Chains
Authors: Vöröskői Kata , Böröcz Péter
Published: May 2019

The corporate decisions in the field of packaging aim to find and determine the optimal packaging functions and expenses at the same time. One-way packaging is also used in the practice, but returnable packaging is more common in the outbound flow of the automotive engine manufacturer companies. In addition, it can happen that packaging devices originally designed for one way are used multiple times, because the technical condition of the packaging ensures the repeated usage and the other way around. Transport distance is an important aspect while choosing the right packaging system, but according to our investigation the ratio between the purchasing cost of a new device and the cost of backwards transportation should also influence this decision. Therefore, the scope of this paper is to give a model of the cost structure of returnable industrial packaging operating in a closed loop system. The total cost will be especially determined by the return ratio, cost of return transport and planned number of uses.
State Space Based Linear Controller Design for the Inverted Pendulum
Authors: Kuczmann Miklós
Published: May 2019

In a previous survey paper the detailed PID controller design to stabilize the inclination angle as well as the horizontal movement of an inverted pendulum system has been presented. In this paper the linear controller design based on the state space representation is shown step by step. Pendulum model is based on EulerLagrange modeling, and the nonlinear state space model is linearized in the unstable upward position, finally pole placement by Ackermann formula and Bass–Gura equation, moreover linear quadratic optimal control are presented. The pendulum has been inserted into a virtual reality laboratory, which is suitable to use in model based control teaching.
Comparative Analysis of Axlebox Accelerations in Correlation with Track Geometry Irregularities
Authors: Ágh Csaba
Published: May 2019

Stochastic track irregularities influence additional dynamic forces developed in the vehicle-track interaction that lead to faster deterioration of track. For economical track maintenance it is important to understand the relationship between the irregularities recorded by conventional track geometry measuring car and the resulting dynamic vehicle responses. This paper focuses on the correlation between lateral and vertical axlebox accelerations and differently processed track geometry parameters based on a real measurement run on straight track. Decolouring of chord-offset measurement results was performed and derivatives of track geometry parameters were calculated for comparison. Those track geometry parameters have been selected which provide the most accurate information about the recorded wheelset accelerations caused by track geometry irregularities, e.g. second order derivative of cross level.
KOORDINASI SETTING RELAI ARUS LEBIH PADA INCOMING 2 KUDUS TERHADAP OUTGOING KUDUS 5 DAN 6 YANG MENGGUNAKAN JARINGAN DOUBLE CIRCUIT DI GI 150 KV KUDUS
Authors: Wardani Sartika Kusuma , Subali Subali
Published: May 2019

Sartika Kusuma Wardani, Subali, in paper coordination of flow over relay setting in incoming 2 kudus to outgoing 5 and 6 using double circuit network on GI 150 KV kudus explain that PT PLN make every effort to improve service to customers , one of them by increasing the reliability of the distribution of electrical energy . Reliability of the distribution network is very important for both consumers and PLN. One measure of the reliability of the system / network is a factor SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index) and SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index). Steps that have been done one way to minimize the possibility of interference is by installing protective devices on medium voltage networks. However, installation of protection equipment is not enough if the relay setting coordination between the incoming and outgoing imprecise. In fact in recent months, an interruption in the feeder distribution network which affects the incoming relay tripnya due to failure of the feeder protection system. One of the events that have happened several times is the same disorder in a double feeder circuit (network supplied from a single source by using two networks ( two feeder ) were included in the bus and in 1 pole) and holy 5 and  6 which causes the incoming PMT trip. It is very risky to happen, because the resulting trip relays at all incoming feeder that gets supply voltage of the incoming. So it takes coordination of overcurrent relay settings right so that the incidence of the incoming trip Sacred 2 does not happen again . Keywords: distribution, protection, relay settings, incoming, outgoing
ALAT PEMANTAU PENGOSONGAN AKUMULATOR 12V/ 5Ah BERBASIS ARDUIONO UNO
Authors: Putri Tsamaroh Nidaa , Sasmoko Priyo
Published: May 2019

Tsamaroh Nidaa Putri, Priyo Sasmoko explains that accumulator is a combination of several pieces of cells used for altering the chemical energy into electricity energy used in motor vehicles. Accumulators are used continuously will shrink and drop so it needs to be recharged. To know the state of the battery voltage drop experienced the need for a measurement to determine the ability of the accumulator. Design manufacture accumulator discharge monitoring tool consists of a voltage divider circuit to know the big accumulator voltage in percentage form. Used also an ACS712 current sensor to detect the discharge current and LM35 temperature sensor to determine the temperature of the accumulator. The control system used is the Arduino UNO microcontroller and an LCD for displaying the measurement data. Normal voltage ranges accumulator 12,5V - 13,8V. Accumulator with a capacity of 5Ah takes 8 hours to process discharge when using 20 watt lamp load. If the voltage of the first accumulator on the LCD shows the percentage of 0 % then automatically the system will work to discharge  for a second accumulator. The duration of use depends on the large accumulator load used. Keyword:Accumulator, ACS712,  capacity accumulator, Arduino UNOReferencesAgustin, Leonandi. 2015. Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Kondisi Aki Pada Kendaraan Bermotor. Skripsi. Universitas Tanjungpura Pontianak.Andri, Helly. 2010.  Rancang Bangun System Battery Charging Automatic. Skripsi S1 Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia.Asnan, Zainal. 2007. Alat Pengecekan Kapasitas Aki (Accu) Berbasis Personal Computer. Skripsi. Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya.Bishop, Owen. 2004. Dasar-dasar Elektronika. Jakarta: Erlangga, Alih Bahasa Irzam Harmein.Fadli, Usman. 2015. Aplikasi Sensor Arus ACS712 Dan Borland Delphi 7.0 untuk Monitoring Penggunaan Daya Listrik pada Rumah Berbasis Arduino UNO. Tugas Akhir. Universitas Diponegoro.Frank D. Petruzella., 2001, Elektronika Industri. Yogyakarta: Penerbit ANDI, Penerjemah Suminto, Drs. MA.,Kadir, Abdul. 2013. Panduan Praktis Mempelajari Aplikasi Mikrokontroler dan Pemrogamannya Menggunakan Arduino. Yogyakarta: Penerbit ANDI.Marpaung, May Harpri Rabiman. 2014. Monitoring Suhu dengan Menggunakan Sensor Suhu LM35 Serta Pengaturan Suhu Pada Otomatisasi Dispenser Berbasis Arduino UNO dengan Tampilan LCD. Tugas Akhir. Universitas Diponegoro.Salim, Emil. 2014. Perancangan dan Implementasi Telemetri Suhu Berbasis Arduino UNO, Skripsi. Universitas Sumatra Utara.Setiyawan, Danang Duwi. 2015. Pengisi Baterai Akumulator Otomatis Berbasis Mikrokontroller. Tugas Akhir. Universitas Gajah Mada.Tooley, Michael. 2003. Rangkaian Elektronik Prinsip dan Aplikasi. Jakarta: Erlangga, Alih Bahasa Irzam Harmein
PENGENDALIAN KECEPATAN PUTARAN MOTOR DC PADA PENYANGRAI KOPI MENGGUNAKAN PWM BERBASIS ATMEGA 16
Authors: Azhar Ade Siti Sarah , Ariyanto Eko
Published: May 2019

Ade Siti Sarah Azhar,  Eko Ariyanto in this paper explain that Coffee is one of the most popular drinks ever in the history of human civilization. Roasting is one of the most important processes in processing coffee beans that serves to determine the process of forming flavors and aromas in coffee beans. The average roasting process still uses manual methods, so an automatic coffee roaster machine is needed that can support the home roasting process which is equipped with a round control system. It is expected that the roasting process can be carried out quickly. The use of automatic roasting machines aims to save energy and cost and time efficiency. The round control system in this coffee roaster machine uses PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) to regulate speed on a DC motor by regulating the PWM signal which can be done in analog or by using a microcontroller.By using a motor driver, the motor rotation direction can be controlled. When the DC motor rotates its rotation speed can be detected by an optocoupler which then outputs from the optocoupler will send and process data to the Atmega microcontroller 16. The performance of this control system uses a rotation above 60 Rpm with regulated temperatures above 100 ° C. The performance of this control system gets variations in the results of roasting of coffee beans that are close to the standard of coffee, namely at the rotation of 65 Rpm with a temperature of 130 ° C and the roasting time of 18 minutes with the color of Light Roast coffee beans.  Keywords :Speed Control, PWM, DC Motor, Driver Motor, Optocoupler, Mikrocontroller Atmega 16.ReferencesBahroin,  Anaitul dan Agung Prijo Budijono. 2013. Sistem Kontrol Suhu dan Putaran pada Mesin Penyangrai Kopi Semi Otomatis. Surabaya: Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Surabaya.Ciptadi, W dan Nasution, M.Z. 1998. Pengolahan Biji Kopi. Fakultas Teknologi Institut Pertanian Bogor.Hidayat, Qory. 2012. Pengaturan Kecepatan Motor DC dengan Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Atmega 8535. Balikpapan:  Jurusan Teknik Elektronika, Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan.Jumadril, dkk. Pengaturan Kecepatan Motor DC menggunakan PWM Berbasis Mikrokontroler Atmega 16. Batam: Teknik Elektro, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Batam.Juni S,    Eryc Tri, Ponco Siwindarto, dan Eka Maulana. 2015. Penyangrai Biji Kopi Otomatis Untuk Rumah Tinggal. Malang: Jurusan Teknik elektro Universitas Brawijaya.Khamdi, Nur. 2014. Aplikasi Optocoupler dalam Sistem Pengaturan Kecepatan Sepeda Listrik. Riau: Program Studi Mekatronika Jurusan Elektro Politeknik Caltex Riau.Surono, dkk. 2008. Bahasa Indonesia Untuk Perguruan Tinggi. Semarang: Fasindo Press.Yahyfian. 2009. Kendali Putaran Motor DC Menggunakan PWM. Bandung: Jurusan Teknik Elektro, Politeknik Negri Bandung.
Perbandingan Chlorhexidine 2% - Alkohol 70% Dengan Povidone Iodine10% - Alkohol 70% Terhadap Penurunan Kepadatan Kuman Dalam Mengurangi CRBSI Pada Pemasangan CVC
Authors: Bangun Primta , Hanafie Achsanuddin , Wijaya Dadik Wahyu
Published: May 2019

Latar Belakang : Salah satu faktor penyebab infeksi bakteri adalah peralatan yang digunakan, tehnik aseptik yang salah, atau larutan antiseptik yang dipakai. Larutan antiseptik yang biasa digunakan pada pemasangan kateter vena sentral adalah Chlorhexidine 2% dan Povidone Iodine 10%. Efektifitas kedua larutan antiseptik ini berbeda di beberapa penelitian, dimana hal tersebut berpengaruh pada resiko terjadinya CRBSI.Tujuan : Mendapatkan antiseptik yang optimal dalam menurunkan jumlah kepadatan kuman dan menurunkan angka kejadian CRBSI.Metode : Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Analitic Cohort Study Design dengan jumlah sampel 40 pasien UPI Dewasa RSUP HAM yang dibagi dalam dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok A Chlorhexidine 2% - alcohol 70%, dan kelompok B Povidone Iodine 10% - alcohol 70%, dilakukan dengan single blind. Desain penelitian dilakukan perhitungan kepadatan kuman dengan swab lidi steril dengan pre test – post test control grup. Untuk membandingkan perbedaan kepadatan kuman masing – masing grup sebelum dan sesudah pemberian antiseptik, digunakan analisa uji t, sedangkan untuk membandingkan penurunan jumlah kepadatan kuman (respon antiseptik) digunakan analisa uji t – pair. Interval kepercayaan 95% dengan nilai p < 0,05, dianggap bermakna secara signifikan.Hasil : Penurunan jumlah kepadatan kuman terbesar terjadi pada kelompok A dengan rerata 99,87% (SB=0,28%), sedangkan pada kelompok B rerata penurunan 98,83% (SB=1,86%) dengan nilai p = 0,001.Kesimpulan : Chlorhexidine 2% - alcohol 70% lebih efektif menurunkan jumlah kepadatan kuman dan menurunkan angka kejadian CRBSI dibandingkan Povidone Iodine 10% - alcohol 70%.
Pengaruh Dexmedetomidine Intravena Terhadap Kadar Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD-1) Otak Kelinci Pada Cerebral Ischemic Reperfusion Injury Model
Authors: Tetuko R. A. Nino , Jatmiko Heru Dwi , Arifin Johan
Published: May 2019

Latar Belakang : Dexmedetomidine adalah agonis α2-adrenergik reseptor (α2-AR) yang selektif dan ampuh,  menunjukkan sifat sparing anestesi, analgesia dan sifat simpatolitik, termasuk digunakan sebagai agen pelindung untuk Ischemic Reperfusion Injury (IRI). Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD-1) memainkan peran penting dalam menyeimbangkan status oksidasi dan antioksidan, memberikan pertahananpenting terhadap toksisitas superoksida radikal, sehingga dapat melindungi sel dari kerusakan.Ischemia Reperfusion Injury dapat dihasilkan dari berbagai faktor seperti pelepasan radikal oksigen bebas dan berturut-turut oleh peroksidasi lipid, kematian sel oleh apoptosis atau nekrosis, inflamasi sitokin, dan kerusakan vaskularisasi mikro. Spesies oksigen reaktif yang muncul dengan cedera reperfusi merusak struktur selular melalui proses peroksidasi lipid dari membran sel dan hasil metabolit beracun seperti malondialdehyde (MDA).Tujuan : Mengetahui efek dexmedetomidine intravena terhadap kadar Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD-1) otak kelinci dengan cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury model.Metode : Penelitian eksperimental Randomize Post Test Only Control Group Design menggunakan 10 ekor kelinci New Zealand. 5 ekor kelinci diberikan perlakuan dengan pemberian dexmedetomidine 0,5 mcg/kgbb/jam dan dilakukan oklusi pada arteri karotis interna (K1). 5 ekor kelinci yang tidak mengalami perlakuan (KK) juga dilakukan oklusi arteri karotis interna dan dilakukan pemeriksaan Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD-1) sebagai control.Uji normalitasdengan Saphiro Wilk dilanjutkan uji parametric menggunakanIndependent T-test.Hasil : Kadar rerata SOD-1 pada kelompok kontrol 0,47±0,23 dan nilai P 0,273 (normal) dan kadar rerata SOD-1 pada kelompok perlakuan 1,00±0,29 dan nilai P 0,422 (normal). Uji beda digunakan uji parametric Independent T-test didapatkan nilai p = 0,013. Karena nilai p < 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna.Kesimpulan : Dexmedetomidine secara signifikan meningkatkan nilai Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD-1) pada kelinci New Zealand yang diberikan perlakuan oklusi pada arteri karotis interna.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygention (ECMO) Pada Pasien Bedah Jantung Dewasa
Authors: Mujahidin Mujahidin
Published: May 2019

Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) merupakan suatu tindakan medis yang dilakukan untuk mempertahankan oksigenasi dan eliminasi dari karbon dioksida yang adekuat untuk mengembalikan fungsi pernapasan yang sudah terganggu. ECLS terdiri dari beberapa jenis, yaitu Extracorporeal lung assist (ECLA), Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECOO2R), and Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). Wabah virus H1N1 (flu babi) yang terjadi pada tahun 2009 dan 2010 menjadikan penggunaan ECMO menjadi popular. ECMO menggunakan teknologi yang diturunkan dari penggunaan cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) yang memungkinkan terjadinya pertukaran gas di luar tubuh, penggunaannya lebih praktis dan dapat digunakan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Indikasi penggunaan ECMO pada pasien dengan permasalahan jantung dan paru yang berat yang tidak respon terhadap terapi konvensional, permasalahan seperti acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock kardiogenik yang berulang atau henti jantung. Circuit ECMO terdiiri dari 3 pengaturan yang memiliki fitur masing-masing, yaitu veno-arterial ECMO, Veno-venous ECMO dan arterio-venous ECM). Survival rate penggunaan ECMO pada gagal napas akut berkisar antara 50-70 persen, tetapi belum cukup untuk menjadikan ECMO sebagai rekomendasi umum penatalaksanaan gagal napas akut, tetapi penggunaan ECMO dapat dipertimbangkan jika terapi lainnya gagal. Pemahaman tentang ECMO yang semakin meningkat menjanjikan luaran yang lebih .
PERMEABILITAS TANAH BERBAGAI TIPE PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI TANAH ALUVIAL PESISIR DAS CIMANUK, INDRAMAYU
Authors: Mulyono Asep , Rusydi Anna Fadlilah , Lestiana Hilda
Published: May 2019

Pesisir Indramayu termasuk wilayah DAS Cimanuk dengan jenis tanah Aluvial/Entisols. Pengetahuan berapa besar kemampuan tanah Aluvial dalam pergerakan air (permeabilitas) merupakan aspek penting dalam hubungannya dengan lingkungan. Studi variasi tingkat permeabilitas tanah akibat berbagai tipe penggunaan lahan pada tanah Aluvial telah dilakukan. Survei lapangan dilakukan dengan pengambilan contoh tanah. Contoh tanah untuk penetapan sifat permeabilitas tanah berdasarkan metode constan head. Analisis kimia tanah dilakukan untuk kandungan fraksi organik tanah, tekstur tanah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan lahan hutan memberikan hasil yang lebih cepat dibanding tipe penggunaan lahan lain. Kebun monokultur menghasilkan rata-rata permeabilitas yang lebih tinggi dibanding lahan kebun campuran.
Fikoremediasi Kualitas Lindi TPA Jatibarang Terhadap Efektifitas Lemna minor L dan Ipomoea aquatica Forkks
Authors: Nofiyanto Erwin , Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih , Izzati Munifatul
Published: May 2019

TPA Jatibarang adalah satu-satunya tempat pemerosesan akhir sampah di kota Semarang, yang menghasilkan air lindi dalam jumlah yang besar dengan tingkat polutan yang sangat tinggi seperti amonia-nitrogen, logam berat, garam anorganik dan diklorinasi organik sehingga perlu dilakukan remediasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui fikoremediasi kualitas lindi TPA Jatibarang terhadap efektifitas Lemna minor L dan Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. Sampel kelimpahan fitoplankton diambil dari 4 aeraktor yaitu Kontrol tanpa tanaman, Lemna minor L, Ipomoea aquatica Forssk, campuran Lemna minor L dan Ipomoea aquatica Forssk yang diujikan kualitas air lindi (BOD, COD dan TSS) selama 20 hari dengan konsentrasi lindi 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat fitoplankton yang mampu hidup di lindi yaitu Chlorella sp yang dapat di jadikan fikoremediasi kualitas air lindi. Penurunan BOD, COD dan TSS paling tinggi terjadi pada hari kelima dan keduapuluh walaupun masih diatas baku mutu. BOD, COD dan TSS pada hari kelima mengalami penurunan masing-masing 55%, 55% dan 60% pada perlakuan kontrol dan hari keduapuluh masing-masing 84%, 84% dan 88% terjadi pada perlakuan Lemna minor L diikuti dengan pertumbuhan fitoplankton. Remediasi kualitas air lindi dengan konsentrasi 100% kurang efektif dalam penurunan bahan organik-anorganik sehingga harus diencerkan terlebih dahulu, Fitoplakton pada konsentrasi lindi 100% tidak mampu dalam menaikan oksigen karena dekomposisinya masih jauh lebih kuat dibandingkan oksigen yang dihasilkan.
Identifikasi Kawasan Pertambangan Timah Menggunakan Data Satelit Sentinel – 1 dengan Metode Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA)
Authors: Nugroho Udhi C , Kushardono Dony , Dewi Esthi K
Published: May 2019

Berdasarkan data Pendapatan Nasional Indonesia 2017, sektor pertambangan  dan penggalian mempunyai peran penting bagi Indonesia. Sektor ini menyumbangkan 7,57% pada produk domestik bruto Indonesia di tahun 2017 . Salah satu sektor pertambangan yang potensial di Indonesia adalah pertambangan mineral Timah di Pulau Bangka dan Belitung. Namun kegiatan pertambangan ini banyak menimbulkan dampak negatif dari sisi lingkungan. Salah satu upaya awal untuk menanggulangi dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan adalah melakukan identifikasi kawasan pertambangan timah secara spasial. Teknologi yang dapat membantu untuk hal ini salah satunya adalah teknologi penginderaan jauh radar. Penelitian ini menggunakan data satelit radar sentinel-1 yang diluncurkan oleh European Space Agency (ESA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan data radar Sentinel-1 untuk identifikasi kawasan pertambangan menggunakan metode Object-Base Image Analysis (OBIA). Data sentinel-1 disegmentasi menggunakan algorithma multiresolution segmentation kemudian di klasifikasi menggunakan algorithma nearest neighbor. Masukan data yang digunakan untuk proses klasifikasi dibuat menjadi dua variasi, yang pertama adalah data standar deviasi, mean, dan brightness pada masing – masing segmen di tiap band, kemudian variasi kedua adalah penambahan data tekstur berupa nilai grey level coocurance matrix (GLCM). Hasil klasifikasi menunjukan bahwa masukan data yang menggunakan data tekstur GLCM mempunyai akurasi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang tanpa data tekstur GLCM. Secara statisktik Hasil klasifikasi dengan type satu menunjukan bahwa total akurasi nya adalah sebesar 89,0 %, dengan nilai kappa sebesar 0,48 sedangkan untuk type dua menunjukan bahwa total akurasinya adalah 89,3%, dengan kappa sebesar 0,50. Hasil klasifikasi kawasan pertambangan dapat digunakan sebagai masukan awal dalam rangka identifikasi spasial kerusakan lingkungan akibat aktivitas pertambangan.
Analisis Iklim Ekstrim Untuk Deteksi Perubahan Iklim Di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Nugroho Sugeng
Published: May 2019

Significant consequences of global warming due to climate change, which is characterized by increasing extremes of climate events, both magnitude and frequency. Climate change that occurs in an area is highly dependent on the sensitivity of local factors in responding to global climate change that occurred. The research was conducted in West Sumatera region which was divided into two parts of topography, lowland and highlands, using observation data and model data. The extreme climate index is determined by using the ETCCDI standard. Climate change is also seen from the shift in climate patterns within a predetermined period of time. The significance of extreme climatic trends and climate change is done by the Mann-Kendall test. The result of the analysis shows that in general there has been an increase in air temperature in the research area, both in highland and lowland areas there is a tendency to increase extreme rainfall in highland areas, while for lowland areas tend to experience a negative trend. Trend test results show that not all variations of extreme climate index trends are significant on significance tests at 90% and 95% or more confidence levels and there is also no difference in extreme climatic conditions between lowland and upland areas. Temperature pattern shift of 0.5 to 1.0 OC in both low and high areas of research. As for the pattern of rain occurred shift with lower average for in lowland area of research area and tendency of increasing amount of rainfall in highland area of research area.
The Effect of Trimetazidine on C-Reactive Protein, Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules in the Course of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Pudil Radek , Pidrman Vladimír , Krejsek Jan , Gregor Jaroslav , Tichý Miloš , Andrýs Ctirad , Drahošová Marcela , Bláha Václav
Published: May 2019

The aim of this randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel group study was to assess the effect of trimetazidine (TMZ), a potent antiischaemic drug, on plasma C-reactive protein (C-RP), cytokine and adhesion molecule levels. The study population consists of 18 patients (16 males, 2 females, average age 56.45 ± 10.97 years) with acute myocardial infarction admitted within 6 hours after onset of symptoms and treated with streptokinase. Blood samples were taken at 3-hour intervals during the time of treatment. All patients were randomised blindly using a centralised randomisation process, between trimetazidine (40mg bolus iv. then 60mg per day for 48 hours intravenously in glucose infusion) or placebo group. Plasma C-RP level was significantly lower in TMZ group (39.5mg/ml ± 9.7 mg/ml) as compared to placebo (75.7 ± 29.4 mg/ml, p≤0.001) and peaked 28 hours later in TMZ group. Plasma interleukin 6 (IL 6) level showed a sharp peak 9 hours after the onset of the symptoms in TMZ group (116.9 ± 180.2 pg/ml vs. 45.4 ± 37.9 pg/ml) and was increased up to 30 hours after the onset of the symptoms. Plasma interleukin 1 beta (IL 1β) was also higher in TMZ group notably 21 hours after the onset of symptoms (26.4 ± 9.3 pg/ml vs. 16.2 ± 2.4 pg/ml). TMZ group showed lower plasma E-selectin levels. Plasma IL 8, TNF α and ICAM 1 levels were without statistical significant differences. The present study demonstrates a significant reduction of plasma C-reactive protein level in the course of acute myocardial infarction treated with streptokinase and intravenous trimetazidine infusion compared with the group of patients without trimetazidine treatment.
Apoptosis and Bcl-2 Expression in Irradiated Lungs and the Effect of Pentoxifylline
Authors: Österreicher Jan , Králik Michal , Navrátil Leoš , Vávrová Jiřina , Škopek Jiří , Knížek Jiří , Macela Aleš
Published: May 2019

We measured number of bcl-2, apoptotic, neutrophil, and surfactant apoprotein D (SP-D) positive cells in irradiated rat lungs during different time points after the sublethal whole-thorax irradiation of rats. We also investigated the influence of pentoxifylline (PTX) therapy on these markers. Wistar rats were given 15 Gy thoracic irradiation and PTX (35 mg/kg) twice a week. Animals were examined histologically and imunohistochemically at intervals from 1-12 weeks. In non-treated rats compared with treated rats, bcl-2 expression was significantly inhibited from 4 weeks after irradiation. A higher apoptosis presence in non-treated rats from 4 weeks was found and apoptosis development in PTX-treated animals was delayed and started 8 weeks after irradiation. Similar differences were measured during neutrophil granulocytes examination. Neutrophil penetration in non-treated rats was found 5 weeks after irradiation in contrast to the RP onset of PTX-treated animals 8 weeks after irradiation. The number of SP-D positive cells in non-treated rats observed until 5 weeks after irradiation was higher than in the control group. PTX-treated animals expressed higher number of SP-D positive cells during the whole experiment than the control group. We suggest that apoptosis is linked to neutrophil granulocyte actions during the RP onset and that PTX-therapy causes diminished inflammation development.
Środkowoeuropejska koalicja niechętnych wobec kryzysu migracyjnego 2015–2016
Authors: Potyrała Anna
Published: May 2019

Presja migracyjna, jakiej państwa członkowskie Unii Europejskiej doświadczają od początków 2015 r. skutkuje pogłębiającymi się różnicami w podejściu do problemu imigrantów, dotyczącymi zwłaszcza tzw. systemu kwotowego uzgodnionego we wrześniu 2015 r. Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje argumenty państw Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej uzasadniających konieczność odejścia od nieograniczonego przyjmowania imigrantów, a także ukazuje podjętą przez te państwa aktywność polityczną i prawną.
Kierunki rozwoju aglomeracji poznańskiej – uwagi na marginesie dotychczasowej współpracy i propozycji przyłączania ościennych gmin do miasta Poznania
Authors: Tomaszyk Mikołaj
Published: May 2019

Motywy działań integracyjnych gmin na wielu płaszczyznach nie ulegają zmianie. W kontekście aglomeracyjnych wyzwań miasta Poznania i ościennych gmin, wskazać można zbiór wspólnych interesów mieszkańców, który ze względu na występujące powiązania funkcjonalne powinien być objęty nową, integracyjną formą zarządzania i koordynacji. Źle rozumiana konkurencja może wykluczać poszczególne gminy i marginalizować ich znaczenie w skali regionu i kraju. W jej efekcie dotychczasowe korzyści płynące ze współpracy stracą na swym znaczeniu, co może przełożyć się na fragmentację polityki aglomeracji poznańskiej. Projekt metropolitalny Poznania diagnozuje potrzeby aglomeracji poznańskiej, wskazuje na kierunki działań na płaszczyźnie zbiorowego transportu publicznego, gospodarki przestrzennej, bezpieczeństwa i współpracy sektorowej. Nie zakłada jednak łączenia administracyjnego gmin, lecz opiera się na założeniach metroplitan governance. Wskazuje i wykorzystuje model integracji na gruncie wspólnoty celów strategicznych możliwych do realizacji w ramach określonych przez ustawodawstwo krajowe i europejskie modeli współpracy samorządów. Dzięki nowym mechanizmom dystrybucji środków unijnych w ramach polityki regionalnej – Zintegrowanym Inwestycjom Terytorialnym – Poznań i powiat poznański zyskują argument na rzecz zacieśnienia współpracy. Efektem integracyjnego spill over może być nowy model metropolitalnego zarządzania. Nowy rodzaj ponadgminnej, aglomeracyjnej współpracy wymaga działań politycznych, często jednomyślności, zawiązywania koalicji wokół określonych rozwiązań, lub też budowania pakietów decyzyjnych tylko w części satysfakcjonujących każdego z ich autorów.
Referendum lokalne w sprawie utworzenia, połączenia, podziału i zniesienia gminy oraz ustalenia granic gminy – wybrane aspekty
Authors: Feja-Paszkiewicz Anna
Published: May 2019

W opracowaniu zostały omówione wybrane aspekty prawne udziału mieszkańców w procedurze ustalania i zmian granic gmin, w szczególności prawna regulacja mechanizmu przeprowadzania referendum lokalnego z inicjatywy mieszkańców w sprawie utworzenia, połączenia, podziału i zniesienia gminy oraz ustalenia granic gminy. Autorka wyeksponowała różnice i sposób ukształtowania relacji między instytucją referendum lokalnego w sprawie utworzenia, połączenia, podziału i zniesienia gminy oraz ustalenia granic gminy a instytucją konsultacji z mieszkańcami. Przedmiotem rozważań stały się także budzące wątpliwości zagadnienia proceduralne dotyczące przeprowadzenia przedmiotowego referendum takie, jak warunki skutecznego złożenia wniosku w sprawie przeprowadzenia referendum, ocena złożonego wniosku, charakteru wyników tego referendum, sposób oraz katalog związanych z tymi wynikami podmiotów. Ponadto przedstawiono najważniejsze ustalenia, które poczyniły na tym tle sądy administracyjne.
Remarks on a nonlinear nonlocal operator in Orlicz spaces
Authors: Correa Ernesto , Pablo Arturo de
Published: May 2019

We study integral operators

L
u

(
χ
)

=

∫

ℝ

ℕ

ψ

(

u

(
x
)

−
u

(
y
)

)

J

(

x
−
y

)

d
y

$\mathcal{L}u\left( \chi \right)=\int{_{_{\mathbb{R}}\mathbb{N}}\psi \left( u\left( x \right)-u\left( y \right) \right)J\left( x-y \right)dy}$

of the type of the fractional p-Laplacian operator, and the properties of the corresponding Orlicz and Sobolev-Orlicz spaces. In particular we show a Poincaré inequality and a Sobolev inequality, depending on the singularity at the origin of the kernel J considered, which may be very weak. Both inequalities lead to compact inclusions. We then use those properties to study the associated elliptic problem

L
u
=
f

$\mathcal{L}u=f$

in a bounded domain

Ω
,

$\Omega ,$

and boundary condition u ≡ 0 on

Ω
c

;

${{\Omega }^{c}};$

both cases f = f(x) and f = f(u) are considred, including the generalized eigenvalue problem

f

(
u
)

=
λ
ψ

(
u
)

.

$f\left( u \right)=\lambda \psi \left( u \right).$
Meta-analysis: compared with anti-CCP and rheumatoid factor, could anti-MCV be the next biomarker in the rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria?
Authors: Zhu Jia-Ning , Nie Liu-Yan , Lu Xiao-Yong , Wu Hua-Xiang
Published: May 2019

Background

Previous reviews of the diagnosis for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have not compared anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (MCV) with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) in respect of sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) against disease controls for differential diagnosis. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the value of anti-MCV in the diagnosis for RA, the combined sensitivity of anti-MCV and anti-CCP, and certain clinical characteristics related to the performance of anti-MCV.

Methods

Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched for articles published up to 25 August 2018. A total of 33 studies including 6044 RA patients and 5094 healthy or disease controls achieved inclusive criteria. QUADAS-2 was applied to evaluate the quality of the included studies. The bivariate random effects model was employed in primary data synthesis to evaluate the diagnostic performance.

Results

The sensitivity of anti-MCV, anti-CCP and RF in RA diagnosis against a disease control group was 0.71, 0.71, 0.77, with the specificity of 0.89, 0.95, 0.73, and the AUC of the SROC of 0.89, 0.95, 0.82, respectively. The predesign of the primary study and diagnostic criteria were statistically significant as sources of heterogeneity. Anti-MCV and anti-CCP tests demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.77 when performed in parallel, with a sensitivity of 0.60 when performed in series; whereas, the combination of anti-MCV and RF presented a sensitivity of 0.64 when used in series.

Conclusions

Anti-MCV demonstrates comparable diagnostic value to anti-CCP and RF, thus it can be an effective diagnostic marker for RA and may be written into the next authoritative criteria.
Wolcott-Rallison syndrome in Iran: a common cause of neonatal diabetes
Authors: Asl Samaneh Noroozi , Vakili Rahim , Vakili Saba , Soheilipour Fahimeh , Hashemipour Mahin , Ghahramani Sara , De Franco Elisa , Yaghootkar Hanieh
Published: May 2019

Background

Wolcott-Rallison syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by neonatal/early-onset non-autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes, multiple epiphyseal dysphasia and growth retardation. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α kinase 3 (EIF2AK3). We aimed to study the clinical characteristics and frequency of the disease in the Iranian population.

Methods

We recruited 42 patients who referred to the endocrine and metabolism clinic at Mashhad Imam Reza Hospital with neonatal diabetes. Molecular screening of KCNJ11, INS, ABCC8 and EIF2AK3 was performed at the Exeter Molecular Genetics Laboratory, UK. We calculated the frequency of the disease in 124 patients referred from Iran to the Exeter Molecular Genetics Laboratory for genetic screening and compared it to other countries worldwide.

Results

We identified seven patients as having Wolcott-Rallison syndrome. Genetic testing confirmed the clinical diagnosis and indicated five novel mutations. Only two patients developed clinical features of the syndrome by 6 months of age. Of all 124 cases of Iranian neonatal diabetes referred to the Exeter Molecular Genetics Laboratory for genetic screening, 28 patients (22.58%) had a recessive mutation in EIF2AK3.

Conclusions

The results of this study raises awareness of the condition and provides further accurate data on the genetic and clinical presentation of Wolcott-Rallison syndrome in the Iranian population. Our study highlights the importance of genetic testing in patients from consanguineous families with diabetes diagnosed within the first 6 months of life.
The European Phenylketonuria Guidelines and the challenges on management practices in Portugal
Authors: Sousa Cátia , Almeida Manuela Ferreira , Sousa Barbosa Catarina , Martins Esmeralda , Janeiro Patrícia , Tavares de Almeida Isabel , MacDonald Anita , Rocha Júlio César
Published: May 2019

Background

Phenylketonuria (PKU) management practices differ between and within countries. In 2007, the Portuguese Society for Metabolic Disorders (SPDM) approved the Portuguese Consensus (PC) for the nutritional treatment of PKU. The recently published European PKU Guidelines (EPG, 2017) systematically reviewed recent evidence and aimed to harmonise treatment protocols in Europe. The objective of this study was to appraise the EPG acceptance and implementation in Portuguese treatment centres.

Methods

An electronic questionnaire was prepared and the link was sent to 135 SPDM members. It outlined the 10 EPG key recommendations and compared each statement with the consensus recommendations published by SPDM. Responses were recorded and descriptive analyses were performed.

Results

Twenty-five professionals completed the questionnaire, and over half (56%) were nutritionists/dieticians. At least one questionnaire from each of the 10 national treatment centres was returned. In general, responders accepted most of the recommendations. However, only the recommendation about target phenylalanine (Phe) concentrations between 120 and 360 μmol/L for patients <12 years received 100% consensus with a further seven recommendations gaining over 70% consensus. Almost half of the professionals (48%, n = 12) required further discussion about the EPG-safe upper target blood Phe concentration (600 μmol/L) suggested for patients aged ≥12 years. Almost one third (32%, n = 8) failed to agree with the recommendation in the EPG-proposed classification of Phe hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency.

Conclusions

The EPG received overall good acceptance, but there was divided opinion about some recommendations which require further discussion before implementation by the Portuguese treatment centres.
PCOS diagnosis in adolescents: the timeline of a controversy in a systematic review
Authors: Vassalou Helen , Sotiraki Marianthi , Michala Lina
Published: May 2019

Study objective

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescence, a disorder of exclusion, has proved to be a timeless diagnostic challenge for the clinician. Since 1990, several attempts to provide clear diagnostic criteria have been published, most of the time leading to inconsistencies. We attempted to elucidate the controversies and convergences of this subject by conducting a systematic review of the literature concerning official guidelines or proposed criteria for the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescent girls.

Design

Based on a term search sequence via electronic databases such as Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus and a hands-on review of references and learned societies, all available data were classified and analyzed. Single case reports, original studies with adult population or articles with incomplete diagnostic guidelines were excluded.

Results

Twelve reports dated from 2006 to 2018 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Seven of them were endorsed or published by learned societies. All suggested a stricter diagnosis than in adulthood. Polycystic ovarian morphology was used as a necessary criterion only in three guidelines, and there was a tendency for a more objective diagnosis of hyperandrogenism, defined either by clinical features or by biochemical hyperandrogenemia, although in one case both were required.

Conclusion

Irregular menstrual cycles, allowing for an interval of at least 2 years postmenarche, and hyperandrogenism, usually reinforced by biochemical confirmation, are the main accepted features for PCOS diagnosis in adolescence. Discrepancies among endocrine and reproductive medicine societies still remain, although recent intensified attempts at reaching a consensus should allow for more universally accepted diagnostic criteria.