bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factor Structure of Gait Parameters in Older Men and Women
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Shiryaeva Taisiya P. , Fedotov Denis M. , Preminina Oksana S. , Gribanov Anatoliy V.
Published: March 2024

Ageing negatively affects the quality of walking. There is a relationship between old age and changes in the main spatiotemporal gait parameters. However, this relationship differs between men and women. The question of the influence of sex on postural balance remains relevant today, since conflicting data are found in various sources. The purpose of this research was to study sex-related differences in the factor structure of gait parameters in older adults. Materials and methods. The study involved 80 subjects aged 60–74 years. The mean age was 67.2 ± 2.1 years in the group of women (n = 40) and 67.4 ± 2.0 years in the group of men (n = 40). Gait was assessed using the computer-aided stabilometric complex Balance Manager. The following tests were performed: Sit-to-Stand, Walk Across, Tandem Walk, Step/Quick Turn, and Step-UpandOver. Results. Sex-related features of the factor structure of gait parameters in older adults were revealed. We established that the leading factor in the group of older women is the factor that combines the following parameters: time to execute a motor act (stepping over an obstacle) and speed of simple and tandem walking. In the group of older men, however, the leading factor combines the parameters of time, accuracy and muscle force when performing complex motor acts (turning while walking and stepping over an obstacle).
Seaweed as an Important Functional Ingredient and Alimentary Raw Material for Enriching the Diet of the Population in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (Review)
Authors:   Northern State Medical University, Shepeleva Ol’ga A. , Degteva Galina N. , Popova Ol’ga N. , Gudkov Andrey B. , Novikova Irina I. ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Romanenko Sergey P. , Semenikhina Мariya V. , Shevkun Irina G. ,   Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
Published: March 2024

The paper analysed scientific literature on seaweed as an additional source of nutrients and biologically active compounds. The studies demonstratе that brown algae are promising raw materials for human nutrition. Algae contain 7 amino acids essential for adults, as well as monoiodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine, which induce a hormone-like effect of algae proteins on the human body. Brown algae fats are represented by both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, which allows us to assume that algae can become an alternative source of essential long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, having a positive effect on the cardiovascular and nervous systems, as well as on the cognitive development of children. It should be emphasized that brown algae are a source of fucosterol, which has hypocholesterolemic, hypotensive, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumour and antidiabetic effects. Algae carbohydrates include polysaccharides unique in their chemical structure and biological activity: alginates, having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties; fucoidans, producing antibacterial, antioxidant and antitumour effects; and laminarins, exerting immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antitumour and antibacterial effects. Polyphenols contained in algae are not found in terrestrial plants. Algae are a source of iodine and other minerals as well as vitamins. Currently, algae are being used in human diets in a number of countries. However, there are certain problems that require further research, such as the possible side-effects of excessive consumption of seaweed, its daily intake recommendations, and bioavailability of nutrients after seaweed handling and processing. In general, it can be concluded that seaweed may well become an important functional ingredient and alimentary raw material for enriching the diet of the population in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.
New records of herbivory of Leucothyreus MacLeay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Geniatini) on Cecropia Loefl. (Urticaceae)
Authors: Aguiar Daniel P. P. , Bento Matheus
Published: March 2024

Species in the genus Cecropia Loefl. (Urticaceae) are important food sources for a handful of species belonging to the insect orders Orthoptera (grasshoppers), Lepidoptera (caterpillars), Hymenoptera (leafcutter ants), and Coleoptera (beetles).  Among the leaf chafer beetles, specimens of the scarab genus Leucothyreus MacLeay, 1819 (Scarabaeidae: Geniatini) have been barely recorded as defoliators of Cecropia spp., and information about the identity of the involved plant and beetle species is scarce and imprecise. The present paper records for the first time the incidence of two species of Leucothyreus on four species of Cecropia in Central Amazon (Brazil), with short behavioral notes regarding their feeding habits.
Regulación del metabolismo energético sistémico por la red de comunicación entre órganos
Authors: Arilla Ferreiro Eduardo
Published: March 2024

Los seres vivos, entre ellos los humanos, se empeñan en no morir. Parte del esfuerzo y trabajo que permite conservar la vida es consciente, pero por fortuna una parte mucho mayor se lleva a cabo de una forma que no lo es, bajo las órdenes de distintos sistemas de comunicación del organismo tales como el nervioso, el endocrino y el inmune. Recientemente se ha descrito otro sistema de comunicación, la red de comunicación entre órganos.
La multicelularidad implica niveles crecientes de células, tejidos y órganos especializados. Para coordinar estos órganos especializados, es decir sus procesos fisiológicos metabólicos (metabolismo energético e hidrosalino y mineral) y no metabólicos, el organismo precisa la colaboración del sistema neuroendocrino, sistema nervioso autónomo, sistema endocrino de la vitamina D, sistema renina angiotensina, sistema neuro inmune y la red de comunicación entre órganos. Todos estos sistemas de comunicación del organismo permiten mantener el medio interno, líquido extracelular, relativamente constante en sus características físico-químicas (homeostasis). El presente artículo es una introducción al papel que juega la red de comunicación entre órganos en la regulación del metabolismo energético sistémico, y de este este modo en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis energética sistémica.
Çocuk Yoğun Bakımı
Authors: Bayraktar Süleyman , Karaböcüoğlu Metin , Nayır Ahmet , Yürük Yıldırı Zeynep , Karapınar Bülent , Yazıcı Pınar , Ağın Hasan , Ceylan Gökhan , Çıtak Agop , Göncü Sultan , Bayrakcı Benan , Erkek Nilgün , Şevketoğlu Esra , Yalındağ Nilüfer , Saygılı Arda , Dursun Oğuz , Kendirli Tanıl , İşgüder Rana , Arslanköylü Ali Ertuğ , Duman Murat , Ulusoy Emel , Hanalıoğlu Damla , Cengiz Pelin , Öztürk Zeynelabidin , Demirkol Demet , Kutlu Nurettin Onur , Köroğlu Tolga F. , Ekinci Faruk , Akyıldız Başak Nur , Çitlenbik Hale , Anıl Ayşe Berna , Özgür Horoz Özden
Published: March 2024

Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi ve Ekibi
Süleyman BAYRAKTAR
Kritik Çocuk Hastaya Yaklaşım
Metin KARABÖCÜOĞLU
Yoğun Bakım Hastasında Sıvı ve Elektrolit Tedavisi
Ahmet NAYIR, Zeynep YÜRÜK YILDIRI
Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Hastalarında Beslenme
Bülent KARAPINAR, Pınar YAZICI
İmmün Beslenme
Hasan AĞIN, Gökhan CEYLAN
Kalp Akciğer Etkileşimi
Agop ÇITAK
Hemodinamik Monitörizasyon
Sultan GÖNCÜ, Benan BAYRAKCI
Şok ve Dolaşım Desteği
Nilgün ERKEK
Septik Şok ve Tedavisi
Esra ŞEVKETOĞLU
Çoğul Organ Yetmezliği Sendromu
Nilüfer YALINDAĞ
Yoğun Bakımda Disritmilerin Tedavisi
Arda SAYGILI
Akut Konjestif Kalp Yetersizliği
Oğuz DURSUN
Çocuk Kalp Cerrahisi Sonrası Yoğun Bakım
Arda SAYGILI
Akut Solunum Yetmezliği ve Tedavisi
Tanıl KENDİRLİ
Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Hastane Enfeksiyonları
Tanıl KENDİRLİ
İmmünkompromize Hastanın Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Değerlendirilmesi
Hasan AĞIN, Rana İŞGÜDER
Komadaki Hastaya Yaklaşım
Agop ÇITAK
Kafa İçi Basınç Artışı Sendromu
Ali Ertuğ ARSLANKÖYLÜ
Status Epileptikus ve Tedavisi
Murat DUMAN, Emel ULUSOY
Kardiyopulmoner Arrest Sonrası Hipoksik İskemik Ensefalopati
Damla HANALİOĞLU, Pelin CENGİZ
Beyin Ölümü ve Donör Yönetimi
Zeynelabidin ÖZTÜRK, Benan BAYRAKCI
Kritik Hasta Çocuklarda Akut Böbrek Yetersizliği ve Renal Destek Sistemleri
Demet DEMİRKOL
Akut Karaciğer Yetmezliği ve Tedavisi
Nurettin Onur KUTLU
Mekanik Ventilasyon Temel İlkeleri
Tolga F. KÖROĞLU
Mekanik Ventilasyon Endikasyonları, Yönetimi ve Uygulamaları
Dinçer YILDIZDAŞ, Faruk EKİNCİ
Hipoksik Solunum Yetersizliğinde Mekanik Ventilasyon
Tolga F. KÖROĞLU
Hiperkapneik Solunum Yetersizliği ve Tedavisi
Demet DEMİRKOL
Mekanik Ventilasyon Sırasında Monitorizasyon
Başak Nur AKYILDIZ
Mekanik Ventilasyondan Ayırma
Tanıl KENDİRLİ
Noninvazif Mekanik Ventilasyon
Bülent KARAPINAR, Pınar YAZICI
Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Sedasyon ve Analjezi
Dinçer YILDIZDAŞ
Çoğul Travmalı Hastaya Yaklaşım
Murat DUMAN, Hale ÇİTLENBİK
İnhalasyon Yaralanmaları
Ayşe Berna ANIL
Yanık
Ayşe Berna ANIL
Çocukluk Döneminde Zehirlenme Olgularına Genel Yaklaşım
Hayri Levent YILMAZ
Sık Görülen Özgül Zehirlenmelere Yaklaşım
Hayri Levent YILMAZ
Çocuklarda İntraabdominal Hipertansiyon ve Abdominal Kompartman Sendromu
Özden ÖZGÜR HOROZ
Travma Dışı Sık Rastlanan Acil Cerrahi Hastalıklar
Authors: Benk Mehmet Şah , Soyer Güldoğan Esra , Sayın Turgay , Avcı Mehmet Alperen , Tamam Selim , Çimen Sanem Güler , Karakaya Ahmet Taha , Aydın Metin , Kafaoğlu Noyan , Saydam Mehmet , Yılmaz İbrahim , Kargıcı Hülagü , Ayaz Sultan , Özgehan Gülay , Çınkıl Nurhak Cihangir , Dural Halil İbrahim , Çınkıl Nurhak Cihangir , Güneri Gürkan , Balas Şener , Yarıcı Metin , Deryol Rıza , Karabacak Harun , Kızıltan Gamze , Özer Yusuf , Seki Ahmet , Şeker Duray , Zeynalov Hikmat , Başpınar Abdurrahman , Hasdemir A. Oğuz , Bostancı Mustafa Taner , Tokgöz Serhat , Yazıcı Faruk , Avcı Mehmet Alperen , Kaya İsmail Oskay , Aktürk Okan Murat , Demirler Şimşir Begüm , Mustafayeva Khadija , Güzel Hakan , Chouseın Bourak , Şeker Gaye Ebru , Fidan Merve Nergis , Özdemir Ümit , Gökten Gökhan
Published: March 2024

Akut Abdomen Tanısında Belirti ve Bulgular
Mehmet Şah BENK
Acil Cerrahide Görüntüleme
Esra SOYER GÜLDOĞAN
Üst Gastrointestinal Kanamalar
Turgay SAYIN
Mehmet Alperen AVCI
İnce Bağırsak Kanamaları
Selim TAMAM
Kolon Kanamaları
Selim TAMAM
Anorektal Kanamalar
Sanem Güler ÇİMEN
Ahmet Taha KARAKAYA
Mide Çıkım Obstrüksiyonları
Metin AYDIN
Noyan KAFAOĞLU
Gastrik Volvulus
Mehmet SAYDAM
İnce Bağırsak Mekanik Obstrüksiyonları
İbrahim YILMAZ
İnkarsere Fıtıklar
Hülagü KARGICI
Sultan AYAZ
Kolon Obstrüksiyonu
Gülay ÖZGEHAN
Akut Kolonik Psödo-Obstruksiyon – Ogilvie Sendromu
Nurhak Cihangir ÇINKIL
Özofagus Perforasyonları
Halil İbrahim DURAL
Nurhak Cihangir ÇINKIL
Gastroduodenal Perforasyonlar
Gürkan GÜNERİ
Şener BALAS
Metin YARICI
İnce Bağırsak Perforasyonları
Rıza DERYOL
Kolorektal Perforasyonlar
Harun KARABACAK
Akut Apandisit
Gamze KIZILTAN
Akut Kolesistit
Yusuf ÖZER
Koledokolityazis ve Kolanjit
Ahmet SEKİ
Akut Pankreatit
Duray ŞEKER
Hikmat ZEYNALOV
Karaciğer Apseleri
Abdurrahman BAŞPINAR
Oğuz HASDEMİR
İnflamatuar Bağırsak Hastalığında Acil Cerrahi Tedavi
Mustafa Taner BOSTANCI
Akut Mezenterik Vasküler Hastalıklar
Serhat TOKGÖZ
Faruk YAZICI
Meckel Divertikülü
Mehmet Alperen AVCI
Kolon Divertiküliti
İsmail Oskay KAYA
Radyasyon Enterokoliti
Okan Murat AKTÜRK
Begüm DEMİRLER ŞİMŞİR
Khadija MUSTAFAYEVA
Perianal Apse ve Fournier Gangreni
Hakan GÜZEL
Bourak CHOUSEIN
Memenin Enfeksiyöz ve İnflamatuar Hastalıkları
Gaye Ebru ŞEKER
Merve Nergis FİDAN
Gebelikte Acil Cerrahi Durumlar
Ümit ÖZDEMİR
Stomaya Bağlı Aciller
Gökhan GÖKTEN
Ultrasensitive and ultrastretchable metal crack strain sensor based on helical polydimethylsiloxane
Authors: Chen Shangbi , Liu Dewen , Chen Weiwei , Chen Huajiang , Li Jiawei , Wang Jinfang
Published: March 2024

The majority of crack sensors do not offer simultaneously both a significant stretchability and an ultrahigh sensitivity. In this study, we present a straightforward and cost-effective approach to fabricate metal crack sensors that exhibit exceptional performance in terms of ultrahigh sensitivity and ultrahigh stretchability. This is achieved by incorporating a helical structure into the substrate through a modeling process and, subsequently, depositing a thin film of gold onto the polydimethylsiloxane substrate via sputter deposition. The metal thin film is then pre-stretched to generate microcracks. The sensor demonstrates a remarkable stretchability of 300%, an exceptional sensitivity with a maximum gauge factor reaching 107, a rapid response time of 158 ms, minimal hysteresis, and outstanding durability. These impressive attributes are attributed to the deliberate design of geometric structures and careful selection of connection types for the sensing materials, thereby presenting a novel approach to fabricating stretchable and highly sensitive crack-strain sensors. This work offers a universal platform for constructing strain sensors with both high sensitivity and stretchability, showing a far-reaching significance and influence for developing next-generation practically applicable soft electronics.
METODOLOGIA ATIVA E A LINGUAGEM PYTHON COMO ESTRATÉGIA PEDAGÓGICA NA MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Bossi Katia Milani Lara , Schimiguel Juliano
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo traz um recorte da dissertação “Aprendizagem baseada em problemas (ABP) como estratégia pedagógica na construção e uso das expressões algébricas por meio da linguagem Python no Ensino Superior” . Foi um estudo de caso aplicado em uma turma de Tecnologia em Análise e Desenvolvimento de Sistemas, no Ensino Superior. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória com dados quantitativos e qualitativos. Os participantes da pesquisa foram os alunos matriculados no curso de Tecnologia Análise e Desenvolvimento de Sistemas, especificamente na disciplina de Matemática Aplicada no ano de 2020. Foi aplicado uma atividade utilizando a metodologia PBL na qual continha oito etapas realizada em dois encontros. E, ao final os alunos construíram um pequeno software codificado na linguagem Python como solução aos problemas elencados por eles na segunda etapa da atividade. Durante a atividade os alunos tiveram a oportunidade de empregar habilidades analíticas e de avaliação. A iniciativa foi bem aceita e, a presença de uma linguagem de programação gerou reações positivas.
CONTRASTE ENTRE TÉCNICAS CLÁSICAS Y MODERNAS EN ESTADÍSTICA DESCRIPTIVA
Authors: Canqui Flores Bernabe , Coyla Idme Leonel , Tito Lipa José Pánfilo , Puma Huaman Beto , Quispe Yapo Edgardo , Flores Chipana Gavino José , Bejar Muñoz Pedro , Jurarez Vargas Juan Carlos , Tumi Figueroa Ernesto Nayer
Published: March 2024

Objetivos: Este estudio busca contrastar las técnicas clásicas y modernas en estadística descriptiva, identificando sus aplicaciones y relevancias en contextos actuales. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura enfocada en técnicas descriptivas, seleccionando artículos publicados en las últimas dos décadas. Resultados: Mientras que las técnicas clásicas como la media y la varianza continúan siendo pilares en estadística, herramientas modernas, como el análisis de componentes principales, ofrecen soluciones para abordar datos más complejos y multivariados. Conclusión: A pesar de la persistencia y utilidad de las técnicas clásicas, las modernas emergen como complementos esenciales para enfrentar los desafíos contemporáneos en análisis de datos. Es vital que los interesados en estadística conozcan y sepan cuándo aplicar ambas, considerando el incremento de los tamaños de información en el análisis.
FERRAMENTA E METODOLOGIA COMPUTACIONAIS: ALIADAS À PRÁTICA DA EXTENSÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL
Authors: FRIEDRICH Gustavo do N.
Published: March 2024

Existe uma carência de ferramentas e metodologias que possam ser utilizadas na análise dessas informações cadastrais, que auxiliem a prática do extensionista rural. No Brasil, os Sistemas de Cadastro Técnico Rural, desenvolvidos, até então, limitam-se a armazenar dados e relacioná-los a informações geográficas. Não sendo possível, com isso, extrair todas as informações necessárias para as quais essas ferramentas se destinam. Essa limitação, também, deve-se ao fato que estes bancos de dados armazenam uma grande quantidade de registros o que torna inviável a geração de informações a partir das técnicas convencionais de tabulação. Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral deste estudo consiste em testar a aplicabilidade de técnicas de mineração de dados como um processo de Descoberta de Conhecimento em Banco de Dados (DCBD) no Módulo de Cadastro Rural. Dessa forma, acredita-se que a utilização de Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) - Descoberta do Conhecimento em Banco de Dados (DCBD) - que é um novo campo de pesquisa que busca desenvolver meios de prospecção de conhecimento em grandes bases de dados, possa ser uma ferramenta não, somente, idônea, mas eficaz para análise de informações cadastrais. A informação é a matéria-prima fundamental no planejamento e na administração, e o Cadastro Técnico, é o instrumento gerenciador dessas informações: o responsável pela coleta, manipulação e uso da base dedados de forma otimizada. Nesse sentido, o gerenciamento das informações para uma eficiente prática extensionista e desenvolvimento rural, deve levar em conta o uso das tecnologias como aliadas. Tanto para tornar os processos mais dinâmicos quanto para o gerenciamento de um bom banco de dados, para termos comprovações claras e com mais precisão das operações realizadas nos cadastros rurais.
ANÁLISE DAS FERRAMENTAS PARA DESENVOLVIMENTO DE JOGOS DIGITAIS
Authors: Rosa Martins Ernane
Published: March 2024

Este artigo visa demostrar uma análise especifica sobre as principais ferramentas de desenvolvimento de jogos digitais. Neste sentido, para o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi utilizada a metodologia exploratória, para proporcionar maior conhecimento através de pesquisas bibliográficas e web de sites. Os resultados mostram que as ferramentas de desenvolvimento de jogos digital oferecem diversas vantagens, como facilidade de uso, variedade de recursos e suporte da comunidade. No entanto, é importante considerar também as limitações e desafios envolvidos. Cada desenvolvedor deve avaliar suas necessidades e preferências antes de escolher a ferramenta mais adequada para o seu projeto.
TECNOLOGIAS, DESAFIOS E SEUS IMPACTOS NA EDUCAÇÃO: UMA REFLEXÃO METODOLÓGICA
Authors: Ribeiro L. F. , Miranda M. L. D.
Published: March 2024

A tecnologia favorece no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e tornou-se item fundamental em escolas e universidades brasileiras. A tecnologia em sala de aula, quando utilizada como aliada para a produção de novos conhecimentos, consequentemente o ensino fica mais atrativo, interativo e potencializa o modo como os alunos aprendem e os professores ensinam. Dentre vários benefícios, principalmente, o uso da tecnologia promove nas escolas o acesso à informação. Através do uso da internet, em sala ou em qualquer outro lugar, os alunos podem acessar uma grande quantidade de informações em questão de segundos, além disso, o uso facilitado dessa ferramenta também é preocupação de vários professores. Cada vez mais os docentes utilizam em suas aulas vídeos, jogos, plataformas educacionais, softwares e outras ferramentas digitais, atraindo com sucesso, na maioria das vezes, a atenção dos alunos. Outra experiência satisfatória é que a tecnologia possibilita personalizar a experiência de aprendizado dos alunos. Com ela, os professores podem usar dados para avaliar o progresso dos alunos e criar planos de ensino individualizados para atender a diferentes perfis de estudantes. A didática também é aperfeiçoada através do uso de tecnologias, como diferentes plataformas digitais, robótica educacional (viamaker), games em inglês, softwares de matemática e outras disciplinas, realidade virtual e realidade aumentada. Fica claro que trabalhar com tecnologia na educação é para o agora, por este motivo várias instituições de ensino estão implementando tecnologias para dialogarem com o cenário educacional atual. Partindo das possibilidades encontradas no meio tecnológico, este capítulo objetivou relatar o potencial das ferramentas disponíveis gratuitamente na internet e suas contribuições para a educação brasileira. Essa reflexão metodológica, fundamentada em publicações científicas, mostrou a obrigatoriedade dos espaços educacionais em acompanhar os avanços tecnológicos e o quanto isso reflete no desafio de uma nova reestruturação do trabalho docente.
APLICAÇÃO DO CÁLCULO NUMÉRICO EM UM EXPERIMENTO DE CINÉTICA QUÍMICA
Authors: Aguiar Jullia Nunes , Silva Willian , Lima Pâmela Leal , Goulart Laura Cristina Rodrigues , Souza Alexilda Oliveira
Published: March 2024

O cálculo numérico é um componente curricular presente em diversos cursos das áreas de ciências exatas e engenharias, sendo essencial para a formação dos profissionais das referidas áreas do conhecimento. Entretanto, a dificuldade apresentada no processo ensino-aprendizagem dos conteúdos do cálculo numérico tem sido tema de preocupação em diversas instituições de ensino superior, pois tem como consequência elevados índices de reprovação e desistência. No âmbito do conteúdo programático deste componente curricular, o conceito de interpolação polinomial é um dos temas mais difíceis de serem abordados. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi aplicar o conhecimento de interpolação polinomial a um experimento químico escolhido e organizado pelos estudantes dos cursos de licenciatura e bacharelado em química, na perspectiva de uma participação ativa, com vistas a estimular a dedicação dos discentes, promover o desenvolvimento de habilidades e com isso, facilitar o processo de aprendizagem. Para tanto, os estudantes realizaram um experimento de cinética química a partir do processo de adsorção do corante azul de metileno utilizando carvão ativado. Considerando que a interpolação polinomial é pouco utilizada no tratamento de experimentos químicos, bem com a sua utilidade em determinar pontos não tabelados, foi escolhido o método de Newton baseado em diferenças divididas para aplicação no presente estudo. A partir dos dados obtidos, os estudantes realizaram o comparativo do método de Newton com a regressão linear comumente utilizada e o resultado evidenciou que o método de interpolação avaliado foi o mais preciso.
The Post-Flight Rehabilitation Program for Astronauts in Health Resort: Case Report Series
Authors: Ter-Akopov Gukas N. , Efimenko Nataliya V. , Koryagina Yulia V. , Abutalimova Sabina M. , Lunina Natalya V.
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION. The prospects for studying deep space are associated with the development of methods and programs for restoring the body of astronauts after flights. In this case, an important role is given to the implementation of aspects of restoring the functions of the nervous system of astronauts at the 2nd stage of post-flight rehabilitation (PFR) in Health Resort.
AIM. To develop a program of rehabilitation for cosmonauts in Health Resort (stage 2 of PFR), aimed at restoring the functions of the nervous system.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study involved 5 cosmonauts. Diagnostics included assessment of psychological and psychophysiological parameters and properties of the nervous system, the functional state of the autonomic nervous system. The rehabilitation program included: intake of mineral water “Slavyanovsky”, carbon dioxide-hydrogen sulfide baths, baro-, halo-, inhalation and climate therapy, a course of 5 sessions of neurofeedback on the β-rhythm of the brain. The duration of PFR was 21 days, procedures were carried out every other day.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. An assessment of heart rate variability revealed the predominance of the influence of the parasympathetic division. After the rehabilitation course, there was a decrease in the stiffness index. There was a positive trend towards normalization of indicators: blood saturation, reflection index, a marker of left ventricular function, cardiac output, blood pressure and oxygen absorption from the microcirculatory system. The dynamics of biofeedback training indicators based on the β-rhythm indicated the orderliness and synchronization of the electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythm signal; an increase in the efficiency of mental work was also revealed.
CONCLUSION. The results obtained indicate the positive impact of the developed program of the 2nd stage of PFR, as a result of which a positive dynamics of indicators of autonomic regulation, central hemodynamics, improvement of mental performance, orderliness and synchronization of the EEG rhythm signal.
Development and Optimization of A Low-Pressure Microbubble Scrubber for Air Pollutants Removal Using CFD
Authors:   Green Materials and Processes R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ulsan 44413, Republic of Korea, Park H. ,   Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea, Yang S. ,   Green Materials and Processes R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ulsan 44413, Republic of Korea, Yoo Y. ,   Green Materials and Processes R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ulsan 44413, Republic of Korea,   Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea, Jung J. ,   Hankook Eng Co., Ltd., Ulsan 44413, Republic of Korea, Moon I. ,   Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea, Cho H. ,   Green Materials and Processes R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ulsan 44413, Republic of Korea, Kim J. ,   Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
Published: March 2024

A microbubble scrubber is a hybrid type scrubber that combines the advantages of a general scrubber with the advantages of the microbubble. Microbubble which has generally under 50 μm diameter is one of the effective ways to remove air pollutants, like PM, NOx, and SOx. The low-pressure microbubble (LPMB) scrubber is a low-power, high-efficiency method that uses a blower to draw flue gas into the solution and generate microbubbles in the water by using low-pressure or negative pressure. The objective of this study was to enhance the removal efficiency of air pollutants in an LPMB scrubber by determining its optimal operating conditions for generating a large number of microbubbles. To achieve this, we developed a CFD model based on a pilot-scale LPMB scrubber and conducted case studies under different operating conditions using fluid flow analysis. The case study consisted of 12 cases according to the pressure difference (1,000, 3,000, 5,000, and 7,000 Pa) between the scrubber inlet and outlet and the initial water level (–0.2, 0, and +0.2 m). The simulation results showed that the optimal operating conditions were a pressure difference of 5,000 Pa and an initial water level of –0.2 m. The removal rates of PM, NOx, and SOx were 99.9, 92.6, and 99.0%, respectively when operating under the optimal operating conditions of the LPMB scrubber. The results suggest that the proposed optimal operating conditions can effectively enhance the removal efficiency of the LPMB scrubber.
Optimal Configuration and Planning of Distributed Energy Systems Considering Renewable Energy Resources
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, West Azerbaijan 5756151818, Iran, Taraghi Nazloo H. , Babazadeh R. ,   Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, West Azerbaijan 5756151818, Iran, Varmazyar M. ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 1458889694, Iran
Published: March 2024

With increasing electricity demand, conventional centralized power generation systems encounter numerous challenges, including transmission and distribution losses, limited capacity, and high operational costs. In response, distributed energy systems have emerged as a promising solution by enabling electricity generation in close proximity to consumption points. These systems leverage renewable energy sources and minimize energy losses during transmission, presenting a more sustainable and efficient alternative. By utilizing diverse energy sources such as solar thermal panels, photovoltaic systems, geothermal energy, distributed energy systems enhance overall efficiency, and reduce power losses during transmission as well as greenhouse gas emissions. This research endeavor presents a novel approach employing mixed-integer linear programming to optimize distributed energy systems. The proposed model facilitates the determination of optimal dimensions of technologies, including combined heat and power systems, boilers, electric chillers, and absorption chillers, while simultaneously minimizing total costs and greenhouse gas emissions and adhering to real-world constraints. The findings of this study are validated through a real-world numerical example, confirming the model’s efficiency in configuring and planning distributed energy systems optimally, thereby enhancing their operational performance.
Remote sensing as a tool of biological conservation and grassland monitoring in mountain areas of Southeastern Kazakhstan
Authors: Malakhov Dmitry , Dolbnya Olga
Published: March 2024

Grassland degradation, as a worldwide phenomenon, has economic and bio-conservation aspects. Degradation of mountain grasslands severely impacts the stability of ecosystems in fragile mountain environments and may destroy the habitats of many endemic and endangered species. One of the significant triggers of mountain grassland degradation, along with the possible consequences of climate change, is massive overgrazing. Overgrazing may seriously influence the ecosystem since it results in plant composition changes, soil erosion, water regime disturbances, etc., up to the disappearance of the entire ecosystem. It is crucial to have a reliable and cost-effective instrument for the ecosystem assessment of remote and hardly accessible mountain areas supported by accurate methods of vegetation parameter estimation since the vegetation cover is first to react to externally driven disturbances. The current study was conducted in the Dzungarian Alatau Mountains, inhabited by the rare and endemic anuran amphibian Ranodon sibiricus (Kessler, 1886). The project of the Conservation International Foundation (CIF/326/21) was aimed at the strategy of species conservation. The current study emphasises estimating the overgrazing risks for the amphibian population. More than two hundred ground measurements were done within the Upper Koksu Forestry and adjacent areas to provide representative data on the vegetation parameters. We tested a series of spectral indices related to vegetation biophysical parameters. We found the DWSI, GrNDVI, IRECI and NDI45 indices to provide the best correlations and reasonable accuracy for remote measurements of above-ground biomass, grass cover, and unpalatable grass content. Sentinel-2 data with the red-edge bands, in most cases, provided better performance. Our study confirmed that the use of a single criterion (like above-ground biomass) might result in a serious underestimation of grassland degradation. Data obtained from field surveys and satellite information analysis allowed the evaluation of the optimal grazing load for the Upper Koksu Forestry and provided recommendations for the Action Plan on the Conservation of Ranodon sibiricus.
A Large and Variable Leading Tail of Helium in a Hot Saturn Undergoing Runaway Inflation
Authors: Gully-Santiago Michael , Morley Caroline V. , Luna Jessica , MacLeod Morgan , Oklopčić Antonija , Ganesh Aishwarya , Tran Quang H. , Zhang Zhoujian , Bowler Brendan P. , Cochran William D. , Krolikowski Daniel M. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Ninan Joe P. , Stefánsson Guđmundur , Vanderburg Andrew , Zalesky Joseph A. , Zeimann Gregory R.
Published: March 2024

Atmospheric escape shapes the fate of exoplanets, with statistical evidence for transformative mass loss imprinted across the mass–radius–insolation distribution. Here, we present transit spectroscopy of the highly irradiated, low-gravity, inflated hot Saturn HAT-P-67 b. The Habitable Zone Planet Finder spectra show a detection of up to 10% absorption depth of the 10833 Å helium triplet. The 13.8 hr of on-sky integration time over 39 nights sample the entire planet orbit, uncovering excess helium absorption preceding the transit by up to 130 planetary radii in a large leading tail. This configuration can be understood as the escaping material overflowing its small Roche lobe and advecting most of the gas into the stellar—and not planetary—rest frame, consistent with the Doppler velocity structure seen in the helium line profiles. The prominent leading tail serves as direct evidence for dayside mass loss with a strong day-/nightside asymmetry. We see some transit-to-transit variability in the line profile, consistent with the interplay of stellar and planetary winds. We employ one-dimensional Parker wind models to estimate the mass-loss rate, finding values on the order of 2 × 1013 g s−1, with large uncertainties owing to the unknown X-ray and ultraviolet (XUV) flux of the F host star. The large mass loss in HAT-P-67 b represents a valuable example of an inflated hot Saturn, a class of planets recently identified to be rare, as their atmospheres are predicted to evaporate quickly. We contrast two physical mechanisms for runaway evaporation: ohmic dissipation and XUV irradiation, slightly favoring the latter.
Powerful Radio-loud Quasars Are Triggered by Galaxy Mergers in the Cosmic Bright Ages
Authors: Breiding Peter , Chiaberge Marco , Lambrides Erini , Meyer Eileen T. , Willner S. P. , Hilbert Bryan , Haas Martin , Miley George , Perlman Eric S. , Barthel Peter , O’Dea Christopher P. , Capetti Alessandro , Wilkes Belinda , Baum Stefi A. , Macchetto Duccio F. , Sparks William , Tremblay Grant , Norman Colin
Published: March 2024

While supermassive black holes are ubiquitous features of galactic nuclei, only a small minority are observed during episodes of luminous accretion. The physical mechanism(s) driving the onset of fueling and ignition in these active galactic nuclei (AGN) are still largely unknown for many galaxies and AGN-selection criteria. Attention has focused on AGN triggering by means of major galaxy mergers gravitationally funneling gas toward the galactic center, with evidence both for and against this scenario. However, several recent studies have found that radio-loud AGN overwhelmingly reside in ongoing or recent major galaxy mergers. In this study, we test the hypothesis that major galaxy mergers are important triggers for radio-loud AGN activity in powerful quasars during cosmic noon (1 ≲ z ≲ 2). To this end, we compare Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/IR observations of the z > 1 3CR radio-loud broad-lined quasars to three matched radio-quiet quasar control samples. We find strong evidence for major-merger activity in nearly all radio-loud AGN, in contrast to the much lower merger fraction in the radio-quiet AGN. These results suggest major galaxy mergers are key ingredients in launching powerful radio jets. Given many of our radio-loud quasars are blue, our results present a possible challenge to the “blowout” paradigm of galaxy evolution models in which blue quasars are the quiescent end result following a period of red quasar feedback initiated by a galaxy merger. Finally, we find a tight correlation between black hole mass and host galaxy luminosity for these different high-redshift AGN samples that is inconsistent with those observed for local elliptical galaxies.
Dust and Volatiles in the Disintegrating Comet C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS)
Authors: Zhao Ruining , Li Aigen , Yang Bin , Wang Liang , Wang Huijuan , Liu Yu-Juan , Liu Jifeng
Published: March 2024

C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) is an Oort cloud comet with an orbital period of ∼5895 yr. Starting in 2020 March, its nucleus underwent disintegration. In order to investigate the gas and dust properties of C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) during its disintegration, we obtained long-slit spectra at 3600–8700 Å and BVRI multiband images with the Xinglong 2.16 m Telescope in 2020 April. Our observations revealed that C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) exhibited strong emission bands of CN, C2, C3, and NH2, which are superimposed on a dust-scattering continuum, typical of cometary spectra in the optical. The production rates of CN, C2, and C3 derived using the Haser model and the corresponding C2/CN and C3/CN ratios suggest that C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) is a “typical” Oort cloud comet under the A’Hearn classification, although it appears less dusty, as revealed by the Af
ρ quantities. Its dust-scattering reflectivity is slightly red, with a gradient of ∼5% per 103Å. We model the reflectivity gradient in terms of porous dust and find that the red color is accounted for by porous dust.
A Comprehensive Investigation of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows Detected by TESS
Authors: Roxburgh Hugh , Ridden-Harper Ryan , Lane Zachary G. , Rest Armin , Hubley Lancia , Hounsell Rebekah , Wang Qinan , Gomez Sebastian , Pierel Justin , Guolo Muryel , Rest Sofia , von Coelln Sophie
Published: March 2024

Gamma-ray bursts produce afterglows that can be observed across the electromagnetic spectrum and can provide insight into the nature of their progenitors. While most telescopes that observe afterglows are designed to rapidly react to trigger information, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) continuously monitors sections of the sky at cadences between 30 minutes and 200 s. This provides TESS with the capability of serendipitously observing the optical afterglow of GRBs. We conduct the first extensive search for afterglows of known GRBs in archival TESS data reduced with the TESSreduce package, and detect 11 candidate signals that are temporally coincident with reported burst times. We classify three of these as high-likelihood GRB afterglows previously unknown to have been detected by TESS, one of which has no other afterglow detection reported on the Gamma-ray Coordinates Network. We classify five candidates as tentative and the remainder as unlikely. Using the afterglowpy package, we model each of the candidate light curves with a Gaussian and a top-hat model to estimate burst parameters; we find that a mean time delay of 740 ± 690 s between the explosion and afterglow onset is required to perform these fits. The high cadence and large field of view make TESS a powerful instrument for localising GRBs, with the potential to observe afterglows in cases when no other backup photometry is possible, and at timescales previously unreachable by optical telescopes.
Detection of Extragalactic Anomalous Microwave Emission in NGC 2903 Using KVN Single-dish Observations
Authors: Poojon Panomporn , Chung Aeree , Hoang Thiem , Baek Junhyun , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Hirota Tomoya , Tsai Chao-Wei
Published: March 2024

We present the results of the single-dish observations using the Korean VLBI Network to search for anomalous microwave emission (AME) in nearby galaxies. The targets were selected from ‘Mapping the dense molecular gas in the strongest star-forming galaxies' (MALATANG), a legacy survey project of the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. The MALATANG galaxies are good representatives of local galaxies with enhanced nuclear activity associated with star formation and/or active galactic nuclei (AGNs), providing IR-bright galaxy samples; thus, they are good candidates for AME hosts. Combining with ancillary data, we investigated the radio–IR spectral energy distribution (SED), while searching for AME signals in five galaxies. The AME in NGC 2903 was well detected at a significant confidence level, whereas that in NGC 2146 and M82 was marginal. NGC 1068 and Arp 299 indicated no significant hints, and we provide upper limits for the AME. The best-fit SED exhibited local peaks of the AME components at higher frequencies and with stronger peak fluxes than those in previous studies. This suggested that AME originates from denser environments such as molecular clouds or photodissociation regions rather than warm neutral/ionized medium as commonly suggested by previous studies. Further, our AME-detected targets were observed to exhibit higher specific star formation rates than the other extragalactic AME hosts. Furthermore, AME favored starburst galaxies among our sample rather than AGN hosts. Consequently, this might imply that AGNs are excessively harsh environments for tiny dust to survive.
Complex K: Supernova Origin of Anomalous-velocity H i Structure
Authors: Verschuur G. L. , Schmelz J. T. , Escorza A. , Jorissen A.
Published: March 2024

We address one of the lingering mysteries of high-velocity clouds: If the anomalous negative velocities are the result of the approaching gas from old supernovae, then where are the receding counterparts of the expanding shells? Data from the λ-21 cm Galactic neutral hydrogen EBHIS survey (Winkel et al.) show multiple signatures of the expanding shells. The near-side (approaching) H i shells form part of Complex K. The high blueshifted velocities result from the H i moving into the low-density environment of inter-arm space. The H i data also show a distinctive, bow-shaped feature, the signature of the far-side (receding) emission of an expanding shell. The low redshifted velocity results from the gas expanding into volumes of space with a higher density. If we make the simplifying assumptions that the expansion of the shells is uniform and spherically symmetric, then the explosions took place about ⪅3 × 105 yr ago. The momentum, p ∼ 7 × 104
M
⊙ km s−1, agrees with recent model estimates for supernova evolution. Supernova explosions attributed to the unseen companion in several binary systems identified by the Third Gaia Data Release may be responsible for anomalous-velocity H i gas in Complex K. Four binary star systems with neutron-star candidates are located at the edge of the Sagittarius spiral arm and used to determine the distance to the H i features discussed here.
On the Existence, Rareness, and Uniqueness of Quenched H i-rich Galaxies in the Local Universe
Authors: Li Xiao , Li Cheng , Mo H. J. , Hu Jianhong , Wang Jing , Xiao Ting
Published: March 2024

Using data from ALFALFA, xGASS, H i-MaNGA, and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we identify a sample of 47 “red but H i-rich” (RR) galaxies with near-UV (NUV) − r > 5 and unusually high H i-to-stellar mass ratios. We compare the optical properties and local environments between the RR galaxies and a control sample of “red and H i-normal” (RN) galaxies that are matched in stellar mass and color. The two samples are similar in the optical properties typical of massive red (quenched) galaxies in the local Universe. The RR sample tends to be associated with slightly lower-density environments and has lower clustering amplitudes and smaller neighbor counts at scales from several hundred kiloparsecs to a few megaparsecs. The results are consistent with the RR galaxies being preferentially located at the center of low-mass halos, with a median halo mass ∼1012
h
−1
M
⊙ compared to ∼1012.5
h
−1
M
⊙ for the RN sample. This result is confirmed by the SDSS group catalog, which reveals a central fraction of 89% for the RR sample, compared to ∼60% for the RN sample. If assumed to follow the H i size–mass relation of normal galaxies, the RR galaxies have an average H i-to-optical radius ratio of R
HI/R
90 ∼ 4, four times the average ratio for the RN sample. We compare our RR sample with similar samples in previous studies, and quantify the population of RR galaxies using the SDSS complete sample. We conclude that the RR galaxies form a unique but rare population, accounting for only a small fraction of the massive quiescent galaxy population. We discuss the formation scenarios of the RR galaxies.
The Mira Distance to M101 and a 4% Measurement of H
0
Authors: Huang Caroline D. , Yuan Wenlong , Riess Adam G. , Hack Warren , Whitelock Patricia A. , Zakamska Nadia L. , Casertano Stefano , Macri Lucas M. , Marengo Massimo , Menzies John W. , Smith Randall K.
Published: March 2024

The giant spiral galaxy M101 is host to the nearest recent Type Ia supernova (SN 2011fe) and thus has been extensively monitored in the near-infrared to study the late-time light curve of the SN. Leveraging this existing baseline of observations, we derive the first Mira-based distance to M101 by discovering and classifying a sample of 211 Miras with periods ranging from 240–400 days in the SN field. Combined with new Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFC3/IR channel observations, our data set totals 11 epochs of F110W (HST YJ) and 13 epochs of F160W (HST H) data spanning ∼2900 days. We adopt absolute calibrations of the Mira period–luminosity relation based on geometric distances to the Large Magellanic Cloud and the water megamaser host galaxy NGC 4258, and find μ
M101 = 29.10 ± 0.06 mag. This distance is in 1σ agreement with most other recent Cepheid and tip of the red giant branch distance measurements to M101. Including the previous Mira SN Ia host, NGC 1559, and SN 2005df, we determine the fiducial SN Ia peak luminosity,

M

B

0

=
−
19.27

±

0.09

mag. With the Hubble diagram of supernovae Ia, we derive H
0 = 72.37 ± 2.97 km s−1 Mpc−1, a 4.1% measurement of H
0 using Miras. We find excellent agreement with recent Cepheid distance ladder measurements of H
0 and confirm previous indications that the local universe value of H
0 is higher than the early universe value at ∼95% confidence. Currently, the Mira-based H
0 measurement is still dominated by the statistical uncertainty in the SN Ia peak magnitude.
Solar Spicules, Filigrees, and Solar Wind Switchbacks
Authors: Lee Jeongwoo , Wang Haimin , Wang Jiasheng , Wang Meiqi
Published: March 2024

Spicules, the smallest observable jetlike dynamic features ubiquitous in the chromosphere, are supposedly an important potential source for small-scale solar wind transients, with supporting evidence yet needed. We studied the high-resolution Hα images (0.″10) and magnetograms (0.″29) from the Big Bear Solar Observatory to find that spicules are an ideal candidate for the solar wind magnetic switchbacks detected by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP). It is not that spicules are a miniature of coronal jets, but that they have unique properties not found in other solar candidates in explaining solar origin of switchbacks. (1) The spicules under this study originate from filigrees, all in a single magnetic polarity. Since filigrees are known as footpoints of open fields, the spicule guiding field lines can form a unipolar funnel, which is needed to create an SB patch, a group of field lines that switch from one common base polarity to the other polarity. (2) The spicules come in a cluster lined up along a supergranulation boundary, and the simulated waiting times from their spatial intervals exhibit a number distribution continuously decreasing from a few seconds to ∼30 minutes, similar to that of switchbacks. (3) From a time–distance map for spicules, we estimate their occurrence rate as 0.55 spicules Mm−2 s−1, which is sufficiently high for detection by PSP. In addition, the dissimilarity of spicules with coronal jets, including the absence of base brightening and low correlation with EUV emission, is briefly discussed.