bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does a Demographic Crisis Threaten European and Polish Agriculture?
Authors: Dudek Michał , Wojewodzic Tomasz
Published: July 2021

In recent decades, problems in family farming have been coupled with a demographic crisis. In the face of unfavourable demographic forecasts and processes, the EU’s agricultural policy has consistently underlined the strategic importance of family farming and the need for its development as a vital segment of the economy and the core of rural communities. The paper aims to assess the grounds for policies focusing on alleviation of the demographic crisis in EU agriculture as well as giving a preliminary presentation of the effects of implementing the instrument involving subsidies for young farmers’ farms, on the example of Poland. The analyses suggest that the mechanisms for accelerating generational changes in EU agriculture have been based on questionable premises and have been not adjusted to the needs at national and regional level. In the EU policy documents and public debate, the support for generational turnover is based on arguments diagnosing a particularly adverse demographic situation in the agricultural sector. The article shows that this position is too general and unnuanced, because it does not include the general long-term population changes, other economic sectors and the different socio-economic and institutional contexts in member states, as well as being limited to a narrow range and often non-comparable public statistics. At present it is also hard to find justification for claims that instruments like subsidies for young farmers have resolved the problem of farms without successors and contributed to generational renewal in agriculture. Varied sources of data and information have been used, including EU and Polish legislation, thematic and expert studies related to demographic issues in agriculture, and empirical material gathered by public institutions.
Dorothy and Professor Wilder
Authors: Troubetzkoy Sergei
Published: July 2021

Dorothy Ulrich was Thornton Wilder’s student at the University of Chicago in 1934. Subsequently, they became lifelong friends, as evidenced in the letters Wilder wrote her, which often answered questions about his work while Ulrich was writing her master’s thesis about it and also commented on her poetry or magazine and newspaper articles, which she sent him. She also became friends with Wilder’s sister Isabel. Ulrich’s 1938 essay about Wilder as a teacher and about Our Town, which originally appeared in The University of Chicago Magazine, is reprinted here.
“Directing the Director”
Authors: Hallquist Terryl W.
Published: July 2021

In 1955, American director Alan Schneider invited Thornton Wilder to attend rehearsals of the production he was preparing of The Skin of Our Teeth, the first important revival of the play since its premiere a decade earlier. Wilder’s rehearsal notes contained in a letter he sent Schneider after attending the rehearsal have not been previously published. Wilder’s interpretive insights into his work and his guidance for Schneider concerning the challenges inherent in The Skin of Our Teeth provide not only new historical information about the journey of this Pulitzer Prize-winning play, but they also offer useful guidance to future directors of the play. Additionally, this letter, the full text of which is transcribed here, reflects the congenial working relationship between these two important twentieth-century theater artists and points to Wilder’s continued influence over the professional career of Schneider who went on to become the foremost American director of the plays of Samuel Beckett and Edward Albee.
Neurobehavioral toxic effects of perinatal oral exposure to lithium on the developmental motor reflexes, cognitive dysfunction and brain oxidative stress of mice offspring
Authors: Abdualrahman Saeed Alshehri  , Homood Alharbi  , Mohammad Ahmad
Published: July 2021

In the present study, the perinatal oral exposure of pregnant mice to 15 and 30mg/kg lithium (lithium chloride) in their drinking water resulted in a significant and dose-dependent reduction in postnatal body weight gain, delays in opening of the eyes and appearance in the body hair fuzz, and deficits in the sensory motor reflexes of the mice pups during weaning period (from the day of birth to postnatal day21). At adolescent and adult ages of the male offspring, a significant and dose-dependent deficit was also observed in their learning capability (at PD25), and cognitive behavior (at PD30-36). Furthermore, a significant and dose-dependent disturbance in the levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT); non-enzymatic oxidative stress (OS) indices like thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and total reduced glutathione (GSH); and enzymatic OS indices like glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed in the forebrain region of the offspring at post-natal day (PD)7, PD14, PD21, PD30, and PD36. Thus, perinatal lithium exposure can affect the in utero developing fetus, raising the concerns for a potential neurotoxic hazards and a longer lasting cognitive dysfunction. A reduced use of lithium during pregnancy is of crucial importance in preventing lithium -induced neurotoxicity in the offspring.
Hematological and kidney-functional analysis of acetic acid-induced inflammatory rats administered flavonoid-rich fraction of Ficus sur
Authors: Sunday Adeola Emaleku
Published: July 2021

Background and aims: Unregulated inflammation causes dysfunctional immune system and could consequently lead to blood disorders due to impaired hematopoietic process, and also destruction of important organs as a result of autoimmunity. In this study, flavonoid-rich fraction of Ficus sur (FRFFS) is investigated for its effects on hematological parameters and renal metabolites in inflammation-induced rats. Materials and methods: Inflammation was induced in Wistar rats of average weight of 112.60 ± 0.75 g by successive oral administration of 6% at (20 ml/kg), 3% at (15 ml/kg) and 6% at (10 ml/kg) acetic acid for one week. Experimental animals were orally administered various doses of FRFFS; 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg for two weeks. Blood and kidney samples were collected for hematological parameters and kidney functional assays respectively, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: FRFFS significantly (p < 0.05) increased pack cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cells and platelets, and significantly decreased white blood cells, most especially at 120 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg doses. Similarly, it significantly increased kidney urea and creatinine concentrations. Conclusion: Sequel to these findings, it is inferred that FRFFS could be a potential natural therapy for hematological and renal disorders.
Hysterosalpingographic interrogation of infertility at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adebayo Jamiu Isiaq  , Chukwuemeka Christopher Ohagwu  , Jovita Ada Daniel
Published: July 2021

Background: Infertility leads to stigmatization, marital instability, and enormous psychological stress. In recent times in Nigeria, there appears to be an upsurge in the number of couples investigated for infertility using hysterosalpingography (HSG). Objective: To observe the trend of HSG findings at a foremost tertiary hospital in Africa. Methods: Using an inclusion criterion of patients who had an initial ultrasound scan prior to HSG as noted from radiologists’ reports, a sample size of 623 radiographs concluded between April 2014 to April 2019 was consecutively enlisted from a population of 2,624 cases. Patients’ demographic information were extracted from their request cards and radiologists’ reports. Results: Patients were aged 22 – 54 (mean: 36.30 ± 6.00) years. Hysterosalpingography findings indicated that secondary infertility was more prevalent and with fibroid (n = 198, 31.80 %) and congenital anomalies (n = 24, 3.80 %) were the most and least prevalent abnormality, respectively. Conclusions: Although the ages of patients presenting for HSG investigations at the centre had increased, secondary infertility remained the more prevalent type, but with minimal drop in percentage.
BIOÉTIC AS MACAQUE-HUMAN CHIMERAS: SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS AND BIOETHICAL
REFLECTIONS
Authors: Lacadena Calero Juan Ramón
Published: July 2021

The obtention by Izpisua and collaborators (2021) of macaque-human chimeric embryos by microinjection of human pluripotent stem cells into early blastocysts of cynomolgus monkey is described. They studied the competency of human pluripotent stem cells in macaque embryos cultured ex vivo until 19 days post-fertilization. A reflection on these experiments is made from the bioethical point of view.
CANNABINOID BASED CHEMO-NANOTHERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF GYNECOLOGICAL
MALIGNANCIES
Authors: Fraguas Sánchez Ana Isabel , Torres Suárez Ana Isabel , Fernández Carballido Ana
Published: July 2021

Cannabidiol has become in a potential anticancer agent. Nevertheless, it has not been evaluated in ovarian cancer, one of the most aggressive tumors in women. In this work, the potential use of cannabidiol in solution and encapsulated into polymeric nanoparticles coated with folic acid was evaluated for the first time for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Ovarian tumors over-express folic acid receptors and folic-acid-coated nanoformulations trend to be selectively accumulated at tumor site. Cannabidiol in solution administered as monotherapy inhibits the proliferation and migration of SKOV-3 cells. In combination therapy, it significantly increases the antitumor efficacy of paclitaxel, showing a sensitizer and synergistic effect. In ovo, the previous administration of cannabidiol in solution followed by its co-administration with paclitaxel, shows a significantly higher inhibitory effect on ovarian tumor growth than single paclitaxel. The developed nanoparticles are efficiently uptaken by SKOV-3 cells, showing folic acid coated formulations a faster internalization. Although coated formulations do not exhibit a higher in vitro antiproliferative effect compared to cannabidiol in solution or non-coated formulations, in ovo its antitumoral efficacy is significantly higher. This indicates thatfolic acid-coated nanoparticles represent a good strategy to target cannabidiol to ovarian tumors. Finally, cannabidiol-loaded nanoparticles improve the in vitro antiproliferative effect of paclitaxel, showing folic acid-coated-formulations a better efficacy than cannabidiol in solution.
COMPLIANCE OF COMMERCIAL BLEACHES AND STABILITY OF 1 G/L-DILUTIONS
USING DIFFERENT SOURCES OF DRINKING WATER
Authors: Gavelli María Emilia , Luciani Giacobbe Laura Carolina , Bustos Fierro Carolina , Olivera María Eugenia
Published: July 2021

Introduction and objectives: In the context of COVID-19, the World Health Organization has recommended the use of extemporaneously prepared bleach solutions of 1 g/L, as a conservative concentration able to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 and the vast majority of other pathogens that may be present in the healthcare setting. Consequently, there is a renewed interest in conducting stability studies of these solutions. The goal of this work was to verify the available chlorine concentration in several bleach solutions trademarks and to propose a beyond use date for 1 g/L bleach solutions, obtained after dilution with drinking water from different sources.
Methods: Bleach trademarks, with nominal concentrations between 25-60 g/L, were subjected to iodometric titration to determine the available chlorine concentration. One trademark was used to prepare 1 g/L dilutions using water from different purification plants in Córdoba, Argentina. The samples were stored at room-temperature, both exposed or protected from light. The available chlorine concentration was determined by titration at preestablished time intervals. The beyond use date was reached when the available chlorine concentration dropped below 90 % of its initial.
Results: The concentration of active chlorine in the different trademark bleaches was within the values established by current regulations. Diluted solutions protected from light showed a decrease of less than 10 % in active chlorine concentration during the first 10 days of assay. However, one sample exceeded the acceptance limit after 14 days. In contrast, in the samples exposed to light, the concentration of active chlorine dropped to 96.4 % at 24 hours and 79.3 % after 48 hours. No differences related to drinking water sources were observed.
Conclusions: Compliance of the nominal available chlorine concentration in trademark bleach solutions was confirmed. Regardless the water source used for dilution, 1 g/L bleach solutions were stable for 10 days when stored at room temperature and protected from light. Instead, solutions exposed to light maintain their available chlorine concentration for only 24 hours.
ANTARCTIC VEGETATION, A SENTINEL TO CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: García Sancho Leopoldo
Published: July 2021

Antarctica is the coldest, driest, highest and windiest continent; the lichens and mosses grow where it is more warm, wet, low and protected. Overall productivity is strongly influenced by the length of period when water is available and the plants become, therefore, increasingly confined to areas of exceptionally good microclimate. It is this strong link between microclimate, water availability and productivity/growth that makes the system so potentially useful for monitoring global climate change, especially temperature increase. Even a small increase in temperature will markedly alter the areas over which such warm periods occur and bring with it a marked community shift. It is becoming clear that there are two Antarcticas, the Peninsula and the main continent. These differ in the controls on biodiversity distribution, there is a probably water unlimited but temperature-determined biodiversity cline in the Peninsula compared to a, water controlled, temperature-independent, fragmented vegetation in the continent. The reverse diel pattern of activity with the presence of very high light stress also seems to be confined to the continent. Several attempts have been made to use lichens as monitors of climate change especially in alpine and polar regions. The pristine Antarctica offers a unique opportunity to study the effects of climate change along a latitudinal gradient that extends between 62º and 87º S. Both lichen species diversity and thallus growth rate seem to show significant correlations to mean annual temperature and precipitation for gradients across the continent as well as to short time climate oscillation in the Antarctic Peninsula. Competition interactions appear to be small so that individual thalli develop in balance with environmental conditions and, as a result, can indicate the trends in productivity for discrete time intervals over long periods of time in a climate warming scenario.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ROYAL NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PHARMACY AND THE SPANISH SOCIETY OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Authors: Aragón Rueda Carmen
Published: July 2021

The relationship between the Royal National Academy of Pharmacy and the Spanish Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has been, since the foundation of the Society, a clear exponent of the commitment that is maintained among a large number of people for simultaneously belonging to both, in some cases also occupying positions of relevance and responsibility. Some of the most representative people are cited.
This relationship has recently been strengthened and consolidated with the signing on November 17, 2020 of a Collaboration Agreement between both institutions. This fact should stimulate young and valuable researchers – and members of the two institutions – to participate in the activities promoted by both. Undoubtedly, closing ties in initiatives and common interests will be enormously beneficial for the two institutions
NOBEL PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY 2020: A PRIZE THAT AROSE IN SPAIN AND PASSED BY
Authors: Montoliu José Lluis
Published: July 2021

Two researchers, Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna, have received the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for “the development of a genetic editing method”, as proclaimed by the brief but sufficient justification provided by the Swedish Academy of Sciences, responsible for the selection and election of the winners in this category. The word CRISPR (acronym for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), described by the Spanish microbiologist at the University of Alicante, Francisco Juan Martínez Mojica, does not appear in the highlighted phrase of the award but, immediately, the whole world knew that this Nobel Prize in Chemistry was won by the “CRISPR”, the famous gene editing tools, initially described by Mojica as elements of a complex and effective defense system in prokaryotes. And, thanks to the talent and vision of these two researchers, CRISPR were proposed to be used, out of context, for editing any gene of any living organism. In this review I will point out the key points that allowed Charpentier and Doudna to deserve this award and of course I will underline the role that many other researchers have played, including that of Mojica himself.
DETERGENTS: FROM PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES TO BIOPHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS (OR WHY WE FIGHT COVID-19 WITH TOILET SOAP)
Authors: Goñi Urcelay Félix , Alonso Alicia
Published: July 2021

Detergents are soluble amphiphiles that possess the capacity to solubilize fats, giving rise to water-soluble, lipid-detergent mixed micelles. Detergents find an extensive use in food and drink, textile, medical and pharmaceutical industries, among others. In molecular biology, detergents are irreplaceable tools in the solubilization of cell membranes and subsequent membrane protein purification. The present review summarizes four decades of investigation on detergents in the authors’ laboratory. An introduction on detergents and membranes is followed by a detailed, quantitative description of the mechanism of membrane solubilization by detergents, and a critical discussion of the concept of detergent-resistant membranes as related to the lipid raft hypothesis. An experimental section follows, summarizing the main results in the authors’ group. Finally, some biopharmaceutical applications are described. As a working example, the use of toilet soap in the prevention of COVID-19 is discussed.
OTTO LOEWI: ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF CONFIRMATION OF CHEMICAL NEUROTRANSMISSION
Authors: García Sacristán Albino
Published: July 2021

In 1921, Otto Loewi published an experimental study that gave rise to the birth of the chemical theory of nerve transmission, according to which, the nerve current causes, at the end of nerve fibers, the release of a chemical substance called a neurotransmitter. For his discoveries related to the chemical neurotransmission of nerve impulses, Loewi received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1936.
WELFARE INEQUALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND IN EAST JAVA: THE OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS (OLG) MODEL APPROACH
Authors: Badara Shofi Dana  , Ati Musaiyaroh
Published: July 2021

The issue of demography into an important discussion caused can affect economic growth and inequality in East Java Inequality in east Java showed an increase.Unequal distribution of income is a source of high inequality in East Java. This study aims to show the effectiveness of demographic changes can affect inequality in East Java with the approach of Overlapping Generations (OLG) model. The data used in this research is time series data in the first quarter of 2010- the fourth quarter 2015. Analyzer used in this research is Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The results of this study show that demographic changes in East Java have the potential to increase inequality. The number of productive age populations with non-productive causes of high inequality. Consumption rate and the number of the productive workforces also become one of the sources of inequality. Therefore, the Settlement of inequality coupled with demographic changes in East Java needs the role of government through targeted social protection programs and infrastructure improvements. In addition, the need for land-based policies, opportunity-based policies, human resource capacity building policies, job matching.
A cultura popular e a prática pedagógica na Educação Infantil
Authors: Bidinotto Tatiana da Silva , Fagundes Maurício Vitória Cesar
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as possibilidades de a cultura popular provocar rupturas e/ou inovações nas práticas pedagógicas dos docentes da Educação Infantil. A metodologia da pesquisa que deu corpo a este artigo foi a participante. Os sujeitos foram professoras da Educação Infantil de uma rede pública municipal de ensino do Estado do Paraná. A pesquisa revelou que ainda existe um distanciamento entre os conhecimentos da cultura popular expressos pelas crianças e sua materialização na prática pedagógica docente. Porém, no decorrer das problematizações, a cultura popular foi se revelando como importante instrumento de reinvenção das práticas pedagógicas.
Desafios atuais apontados pelos alunos em relação as questões de gênero e sexualidade
Authors: Levi Joseanne Aparecida Maramaldo , Brás José Gregório Viegas
Published: July 2021

Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo. Para Louro (1997), questões sobre gênero não é negar, mas construir uma relação sobre corpos sexuados, seguindo os preceitos biologicamente orientados, mas, com a valorização da construção social historicamente demarcados. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi buscar a percepção dos sujeitos participantes sobre o tema. Na metodologia foi escolhida de modo aleatório uma instituição de ensino superior, na cidade de São Luís/MA, com a participação dos alunos no 1º, 4º e 8º período no curso de licenciatura. Os dados coletados foram categorizados com as variáveis: período cursado no momento da pesquisa, idade, religião, profissão, renda e questões sobre gênero e sexualidade.
Formação de professores nas licenciaturas e as diretrizes de formação: análise do marco legal atual
Authors: Madela Angelica , Ventura Lidnei
Published: July 2021

Este estudo tem como objetivo geral compreender as transformações ocorridas nas diretrizes curriculares nacionais para a formação de professores - licenciaturas, nos anos de 2015 a 2019. Derivado deste objetivo geral, este estudo terá os seguintes objetivos específicos: a) Refletir sobre a formação de professores e o trabalho docente; b) Identificar e descrever as diretrizes curriculares nacionais para a formação de professores - licenciaturas, nos anos de 2015-2019; c) Refletir sobre a BNC-Formação para as licenciaturas; e, d) Analisar as implicações das novas diretrizes para a práxis docente. Para o percurso metodológico, este estudo partiu de uma abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório bibliométrico e bibliográfico. A análise das informações foi realizada por meio da análise documental proposta por Lüdke e André (2012). As transformações ocorridas nas diretrizes curriculares nacionais para a formação de professores - licenciatura, têm se constituído em meio a disputas e rupturas de ideais políticos-econômicos. E, por  estarem ainda em curso ou aguardando implementação, não é possível mensurar se estas mudanças permitirão ao licenciado enfrentar o início de uma carreira docente de forma consistente.
Exploring the Adoption and Usage of Learning Management System as Alternative for Curriculum Delivery in South African Higher Education Institutions during Covid-19 Lockdown
Authors: Gamede Bongani T. , Ajani Oluwatoyin Ayodele , Afolabi Olufemi Sunday
Published: July 2021

This study adopted a discursive approach to review the use of the Learning Management System (LMS) popularly known as 'Moodle’ in most South African universities. Moodle as fondly called is one of the online tools that can be effectively used to deliver learning activities as well as online learning assessments to implement curriculum delivery without borders or disruptions during the COVID-19 lockdown across the globe. The author highlights various extant studies on the usage and adoption of LMS into teaching and learning for effective implementation in higher institutions of learning. LMS is a global online tool that has been in use for decades in various higher institutions of learning across the developed countries. It has proved to be an efficient learning platform that has impacted significantly the education sector in these developed countries, as learning experiences are provided to diverse students at their comfort zones. With the break of the COVID-19 pandemic that affects the global world, teaching and learning in most parts of the developed countries continue to be facilitated through various online approaches that include LMS in the developed countries. Unfortunately, the pandemic lockdown in many developing countries like South Africa grossly impacted the delivery of curriculum and educational activities in various learning institutions for several months. The continuous presence of COVID-19 led the South African Department of Higher Education and Training to review approaches to curriculum delivery to salvage academic activities. Thus, declared online learning as an alternative to face-to-face curriculum delivery in higher institutions. The adoption of LMS results as the best approach to engage students in full teaching and learning activities.
Edward Said’s Memoir Out of Place: Postcolonial Tenets, Dissonant Voices, and Divided Loyalties
Authors: Neimneh Shadi S. , Shureteh Halla A.
Published: July 2021

Edward Said’s Out of Place (1999), a memoir written after his diagnosis with leukemia in 1991, was begun in 1994 to document his sense of cultural displacement and imminent death. This article examines the divided loyalties and dissonant voices Said vents in this book through the lens of cultural theories. It argues that such a conflicting vision can provide a proper context for understanding Said’s contributions to cultural studies and literary theory via the construction of the other, the out of place, at the levels of language, religion, environment, and homeland. Said presents himself as a postcolonial subject par excellence with divided loyalties and “unhomely” feelings. He uses a confessional mode to convey a constant sense of exile and identity crisis. Said’s life negotiated the postcolonial parlance he preached in his academic life, which offers a unique case on the relationship between theory and practice. The memoir emerges not only as an autobiographical text but equally as a contribution to literary theory and overlapping postcolonial discourses. Thus, this autobiographical memoir is useful for the literature classroom due to its theoretical value as well as non-fictional import.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Crisis on the Remittance of the Migrants Transfer of Funds in Central Africa
Authors: Jafarzadeh Elham , Shaquan He , Dorian Rivel Bambi Prince
Published: July 2021

The main objective of our work was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the remittance of the migrants transfer of funds in Central Africa. The ordinary least squares (OLS) technique was used to carry out this work and was inspired by the empirical work of de la Brière et al (2002) who also use the OLS technique in his study. It emerges from our study after the empirical results obtained that, 65.5% of the sending of money of migrants living abroad to their respective families in Central Africa is due to the confinement measures observed in all countries of the world in the time of COVID-19 in 2020; in order to eradicate the COVID-19 virus, a measure resulting in the cessation of economic activities including the closure of exchange offices and money transfer agencies such as western union and money gram.
De plaats van de onderneming in de samenleving en van de samenleving in de onderneming
Authors: Makkink G.C.
Published: July 2021

De plaats van de onderneming in de samenleving en van de samenleving in de onderneming

Als ondernemingen daadwerkelijk maatschappelijke verantwoordelijkheid dragen, levert dat verplichtingen op. Het is de vraag wie die verplichtingen formuleert en wie nakoming van die verplichtingen kan afdwingen. Het ondernemingsrecht moet op die vragen antwoorden formuleren.
De beheerder van aandelen
Authors: van Emden E.L.A. , Wareman J.
Published: July 2021

De beheerder van aandelen

De Ondernemingskamer heeft in haar uitspraak van 30 april 2019 duidelijkheid geschapen over het rechtskarakter van het tijdelijk beheer van aandelen. Een aantal vragen is daarmee nog niet beantwoord. In dit artikel worden de volgende vraagpunten behandeld: kan de Beheerder meewerken aan het ontslag van de bestuurder, kan de Beheerder meewerken aan verkoop van de activa, hoe kan de Beheerder dekking krijgen voor mogelijke proceskosten indien hij aansprakelijk wordt gesteld en, ten slotte, dient de regelgeving met betrekking tot de openbare registers te worden aangepast?
De positie van de belanghebbende in het enquêterecht
Authors: Hanegraaf C.E.J.M.
Published: July 2021

De positie van de belanghebbende in het enquêterecht

De auteur gaat in deze bijdrage in op de kwesties wie in het enquêterecht als belanghebbenden kwalificeren en wat de bevoegdheden van belanghebbenden zijn. Tevens besteedt hij aandacht aan enkele ‘knelpunten’ in wetgeving en jurisprudentie. De auteur stelt onder meer de introductie van een ‘Leidraad Belanghebbenden’ voor.
The Effects of Pandemics on Mental Health
Authors: Antičević Vesna
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper was to present the existing scientific knowledge about the effects of a pandemic on psychological needs and mental health. A search of bibliographic databases (WoS, Scopus, Medline) found numerous studies published in various publications by entering the keywords: COVID-19 OR pandemic AND psychological needs AND mental health AND hardiness. The results of the research indicated that the fear of infecting oneself and loved ones, the consequences of social distancing and the economic consequences of a pandemic could have a significant effect on mental health. The following groups have been identified as particularly vulnerable to pandemic stressors: (a) people who have been in direct or indirect contact with the virus; (b) people with previous psychiatric problems; (c) health professionals and (d) people who constantly follow pandemic news. The consequences of a pandemic threaten basic psychological needs such as physiological needs, the need for safety, and the need for love and intimacy. The most common mental health problems that have been identified since the onset of the pandemic are anxiety, depression, symptoms of post-traumatic stress and substance abuse. In conclusion, since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of risk factors that can endanger mental health have been identified, as well as protective factors, such as psychological resilience.
Złożone modele konstytutywne w analizach badawczych i obliczeniach inżynierskich. Podstawy analiz zadań kontaktowych
Authors: Fedorowicz Lidia , Fedorowicz Jan
Published: July 2021

Aby stać się w pełni świadomym użytkownikiem współczesnych systemów obliczeniowych, nasza wiedza inżynierska powinna sięgać „korzeni”, tu w zakresie mechaniki gruntów oraz modeli konstytutywnych pozwalających coraz pełniej opisywać zachowanie gruntu. W artykule przedstawiono specyfikę dwóch grup modeli gruntowych stosowanych w analizach zagadnień kontaktowych budowla–podłoże gruntowe, pokazując równocześnie ich możliwości i ograniczenia przy ocenie bazowych zagadnień geotechniki. Zwrócono uwagę na warunki prawidłowej budowy modelu obliczeniowego podłoża. Pokazano zalety modelu stanu krytycznego MCC, ze zwróceniem uwagi na związek prawidłowej oceny stanu in situ podłoża z wynikami przeprowadzonej analizy.
Studium możliwości rewitalizacyjnych Pałacu Ślubów
w Sosnowcu na tle wybranych modernistycznych
pawilonów z lat 60. i 70. XX wieku
Authors: Uherek-Bradecka Barbara , Stojecki Jakub
Published: July 2021

Wśród obiektów modernistycznych
wznoszonych w Polsce w latach 60. i 70.
XX wieku można wyodrębnić wyjątkową grupę
– typ zabudowy pawilonowej realizującej
w pełni 5 zasad architektury modernistycznej
Le Corbusiera. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane
przykłady takich budynków oraz zwrócono
uwagę na stan ich zachowania i stopień
przekształcenia względem pierwotnej formy
oraz funkcji. Przedstawiono szerzej przypadek
najbardziej drastycznego braku poszanowania
istniejącego obiektu, jakim jest przebudowa
Pałacu Ślubów w Sosnowcu, oraz
autorską propozycję przywrócenia obiektu
do stanu pierwotnego.
Ekospoiwa
geopolimerowe
Authors: Błaszczyński Tomasz Z. , Król Maciej R.
Published: July 2021

Artykuł skupia się na aktualnych i dostępnych właściwościach materiałów zwanych zielonymi spoiwami, które przedstawiane są przez badaczy zajmujących się prezentowaną tematyką, a także właściwościach uzyskanych w trakcie, autorskich badań. Materiały te mogą być stosowane do produkcji spoiw aluminiowo-krzemionkowych i zielonych betonów, znanych również jako betony geopolimery. Porównując nowe, ekologiczne spoiwa ze zwykłymi cementami portlandzkimi, stwierdza się znaczną możliwość zmniejszenia ilości głównego gazu cieplarnianego emitowanego do atmosfery (CO2) od 3 do nawet 10 razy
w zależności od rodzaju materiału wyjściowego stosowanego do produkcji nowego zielonego spoiwa. Głównym ekologicznym źródłem dającym możliwość pozyskania nowych materiałów jest wykorzystanie już dostępnych produktów, które powstają w procesie spalania węgla kamiennego czy wytapiania stali, czyli materiałów o niskiej zawartości wapna. Większość z nich jest już wykorzystywana w wielu gałęziach przemysłu. Są to głównie inżynieria lądowa, przemysł chemiczny lub rolnictwo. Przeprowadzone badania oparto na mało popularnym w inżynierii lądowej popiele lotnym.
Wpływ procesu reaktywności alkalicznej
kruszyw na betonowe i żelbetowe konstrukcje
inżynierskie
Authors: Jasiński Wiktor , Duszyński Andrzej , Gut Remigiusz
Published: July 2021

Najczęściej stosowanym kruszywem do betonów używanych w konstrukcjach inżynierskich jest kruszywo pochodzenia magmowego: granitowe i bazaltowe oraz kruszywo naturalne (żwiry i piaski). Jednak coraz częściej, m.in. ze względów ekonomicznych
i logistycznych stosuje się inne rodzaje kruszyw, m.in. pochodzenia metamorficznego (amfibolitowe), węglanowego (dolomitowe
i wapienne) oraz kruszywa sztuczne. Jednym z kryteriów klasyfikujących kruszywo do zastosowania do betonu jest zawartość minerałów potencjalnie reaktywnych, do których należą m.in. chalcedon, opal, trydymit, mikrokrystaliczny/kryptokrystaliczny kwarc oraz kwarc w stanie naprężeń, tzw. highly-strained
quartz. W artykule przedstawiono metody badawcze stosowane do oznaczenia potencjalnej reaktywności alkalicznej kruszyw w Polsce oraz efekty badań reaktywności alkalicznej żwirów czwartorzędowych, które poddano starannej analizie w mikroskopie skaningowym, zwracając szczególną uwagę na procesy zachodzące pomiędzy reaktywnymi minerałami (chalcedon, opal, trydymit, mikrokrystaliczny/kryptokrystaliczny kwarc oraz kwarc w stanie naprężeń, tzw. highly-strained quartz) a alkaliami występującymi w cemencie.
Systemy rozwiązań obiektów
przemysłowych jako wzór rozwiązań
dla budynków użyteczności publicznej.
Część 2. Rozwiązania współczesnych systemów
budynków użyteczności publicznej inspirowane
systemami obiektów przemysłowych
Authors: Goncikowski Marcin
Published: July 2021

Jedną z cech typologicznych architektury współczesnych
obiektów przemysłowych jest wielopoziomowa systemowość rozwiązań.
Pod tym względem budynki przemysłowe określane są jako zbiór
lub system systemów. Systemy współczesnych obiektów przemysłowych
można podzieli na hardware systems: systemy fizyczne oraz software
systems: systemy logiczne. Wśród systemów fizycznych można
wyróżnić: system przegród wewnętrznych, instalacji, obsługi procesów,
konstrukcji, wnętrza, elewacji. Wśród systemów logicznych, czyli
strategii logicznych złożenia i działania systemów fizycznych: elastyczność,
adaptacyjność, modułowość oraz typizację, koordynację i integracyjność,
systemy organizacji procesów oraz transportu. Pomiędzy systemami
logicznymi współczesnych obiektów przemysłowych charakterystycznie
wyróżniają się: adaptacyjność i elastyczność obiektów oraz
integracyjność złożonych systemów fizycznych budynków. Silnie obecna
jest typizacja i modularność rozwiązań oraz – w różnym stopniu – systemowa
prefabrykacja. Budynki przemysłowe charakteryzuje obecność
zaawansowanych systemów sterowania, automatyki, łączności sieciowej.
Obecne i rozwijane w budynkach przemysłowych rozwiązania systemów
fizycznych oraz logicznych – sprzyjające elastyczności i adaptacyjności
obiektów, oraz rozwiązania w zakresie koordynacji – integracyjności
systemów są wzorem dla obiektów użyteczności publicznej. W zakresie
systemów fizycznych budynki użyteczności publicznej czerpią z
obiektów przemysłowych rozwiązania systemów konstrukcyjnych, rozwiązania
materiałowe, rozwiązania systemów energetycznych, a w przyszłości
mogą stać się wzorem zautomatyzowanego budynku połączonego
z globalną siecią i internetem rzeczy.
Visiting Scientists Provide Capacity Development: Lessons Learned by POGO and SCOR
Authors: Urban Ed , Seeyave Sophie
Published: July 2021

To enable the sustainable use of their ocean resources, capacity for ocean science and observations is important for every coastal nation. In many developing areas of the world, capability for ocean science and observations is not yet adequate to meet management needs. International organizations have employed a variety of capacity development approaches to assist developing countries in building self-sustaining ocean science and observational communities. This article describes the lessons learned from visiting scientist programs conducted for more than a decade by the Partnership for Observation of the Global Ocean (POGO) and the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) that dispatched ocean scientists to developing countries to train hundreds of individuals in a variety of ocean science and observation topics and techniques. From these programs, SCOR and POGO have learned that training in-country has multiple benefits to trainees, host institutions, and trainers, benefits that are not achievable when students leave their countries. These benefits include more cost-effective training on issues relevant to the host institutions using locally available technology, as well as the ability to reach a large number of trainees. Lessons learned from the POGO and SCOR programs can be used to inform the future capacity-development activities of POGO and SCOR, as well as other organizations, to improve, enhance, and expand the use of in-country training and mentoring. Such approaches could contribute to the capacity development efforts of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.
‘A change in the men’s everyday lives’ – a grounded theory study
Authors: Helgesen Ann Karin
Published: July 2021

BackgroundResearch to date indicates that most nursing homes offer various kinds of activities for their residents, but that these are seldom tailored to each individual person. In respect of activities, it is reasonable to assume that male residents are at particular risk of not receiving person-centred care as they inhabit a largely ‘female domain’, where the majority of personnel and often also of residents are female. Few studies to date have focused on activities for men in nursing homes.AimThe aim of this study was to explore male residents’ experiences of an activity programme in a nursing home in Norway.DesignThe study had an explorative Grounded Theory (GT) design. Data were collected by means of interviews with nine residents. All of the men were offered an activity at least once a week as part of a project over the preceding year.According to the basic principles of grounded theory sampling, data collection and analysis are carried out simultaneously using constant comparison.Findings The core category showed that there was ‘a change in the men’s everyday lives’ after the special activity programme – for men only –  was offered. Their own influence on the content of the conversations and on the activity itself was described as limited. This was not important for them, as the most essential issues were ‘being together’ and ‘getting away’. Conditions relating to the men themselves, the place where the activities were held and the nursing personnel had an impact on how important the activity programme was for them.ConclusionsA more person-centred approach in future activity programmes will enhance the residents’ integrity and well-being, and allow them a degree of self-determination even while resident in a nursing home.
The Role of Men in Improving Maternal and Newborn Health in Burkina Faso
Authors: Perkins Janet , Capello Cecilia , Bargo Maiga Aminata , Matié Yanogo , Eggertswyler Amélie , Santarelli Carlo
Published: July 2021

Background. As critical household and community gatekeepers in Burkina Faso, men play an important role in ensuring the care of women and newborns during the perinatal period. Enfants du Monde, Fondation pour le Développement Communautaire/Burkina Faso, the World Health Organisation and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) are supporting the national Ministry of Health to implement the health promotion pillar of the maternal and new born health (MNH) strategy.Objectives. Working with men to help them become active participants in MNH is one of the axes of these efforts. Methods. Interventions aiming at influencing the role of men in MNH have been implemented since 2010. Foremost among these is the implementation of a strategy entitled Pougsid Songo, or “Model Husbands”. Within this strategy, designed by health workers and community members, men who are exhibiting positive behaviours in supporting women are selected by local leaders and trained to educate other men in the community on care for women and newborns, on birth preparedness and complication readiness, on danger signs and postnatal family planning (FP) and on the need to accompany women to health services. Results. Preliminary results suggest that in particular due to the “Model Husbands” strategy, men are participating more actively in MNH. Notably, men are starting to accompany women to health facilities for antenatal care regularly and they are more aware of care practices for women during and after pregnancy and for newborns. In addition, utilization of MNH and FP services is increasing. Conclusions. These results suggest that interventions are successfully influencing men’s roles in MNH which is contributing to improved care of women and newborns within the household and increased utilization of MNH services.
Introduction to Metrics in Person Centered Medicine Research
Authors: Kirisci Levent , Vanyukov Michael , Mezzich Juan E
Published: July 2021

The articulation of science and humanism is at the core of Person Centered Medicine (PCM). Thus, applying the scientific method to advance our understanding of health and the improvement of health actions towards the fulfillment of the whole person is a permanent concern of PCM.
THE CHAPERONE IN A THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP: A CRITICAL DISCUSSION
Authors: Thuraisingham Chandramani , Nalliah Sivalingam , Sinniah Davendralingam
Published: July 2021

A chaperone is encouraged to be present in any medical consultation especially when an intimate examination is required. This impartial attendant could be reassuring to the patient especially when gender is an issue and avoids any perceived conflict that may arise in the patient-physician relationship. Situations in which a chaperone is not available or declined by the patient present unique ethical problems and need to be avoided. When a chaperone is declined doctors are in a dilemma in proceeding with an intimate examination. This critical discussion explores the noble relationship between doctor and patient and how circumstances may change when both parties independently or otherwise deviate from established guidelines in affording treatment to the patient.
Engagement and Empowerment in Person Centered Medicine
Authors: Mezzich Juan E , Appleyard James W , Botbol Michel
Published: July 2021

Engagement and empowerment are important concepts in Person Centered Medicine (PCM). Engagement refers to the act or state of personal interaction that is often crucial as part of thinking and implementing a medicine and health that are person-centered. Empowerment refers to the enablement of a person to fulfill his or her rights and responsibilities. These concepts are usually inter-related as empowerment tends to be carried out as part of an engagement process. While both concepts are relevant to human activities and human relations in general, they certainly have a major significance in the health field.Their place in PCM is related to both its principles and strategies. As such they have often being part of the institutional journey of PCM [1], now ten years old. Their conceptual place and implications in PCM are reviewed briefly next.
Exploring Experiences of Expressive Aphasia in Brain Injury Patients: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Narotam Heena , Sammons Helen E.
Published: July 2021

Background: Aphasia affects 0.37% of South Africans. Expressive aphasic patients’ ability to react appropriately to the environment contributes to their hospital experience, and ultimately their mental health and recovery. The challenge of communication for these patients makes it important to anticipate their experiences. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to explore the patterns of patient experiences in relation to expressive aphasia following brain injuries in order to identify helpful recommendations for alternative communication and for promoting mental health and well-being.Methods: A qualitative case series study was completed with the participation of seven adults who had recovered from expressive aphasia. Participants had received their acute care at Worcester Provincial Hospital, South Africa and at the time of the study were able to communicate effectively concerning their experiences and perspectives. Interviews were transcribed and transcripts analysed by two independent researchers. A thematic analysis method, within a constructionist framework, and at a latent level, was applied.Results: Participants were generally satisfied with the services of health professionals. All participants described their families as being supportive. However, even though most participants had attempted to initiate alternative forms of communication, their families had not reciprocated this. Participants experienced sadness, frustration and anger following the onset of expressive aphasia. They reported gaining insight into the way their lives might change in the near future, such as their roles within the community, as well as into their experiences of introspection and self-reflection. Conclusions: Persons with new onset expressive aphasia during acute care at a large South African hospital experience negative emotions (such as feelings of frustration, entrapment and sadness) as well as inadequate responses to their desire to use alternative forms of communication. Anticipation of such negative experiences may substantially help communication. Formal training in this regard is recommended for health care professionals. Also, visitors to patients with expressive aphasia require basic instruction on the use of alternative communication.