bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O tempo espacializado nas Investigações Filosóficas
Authors: Prates João Batista Magalhães
Published: February 2020

Esta proposta reflexiva buscará contrastar duas abordagens filosóficas que tem a linguagem como protagonista, de personagens de vida contemporânea (Ludwig Wittgenstein e Henri Bergson), e expor a consequência de cada uma delas para a própria função da Filosofia. Além disso, buscarei desenvolver a sugestão de que a confusão entre tempo e espaço que Bergson denunciara parece estar presente nas Investigações de Wittgenstein. Para isso, analisaremos o desenvolvimento argumentativo do percurso que vai até o parágrafo 88 das Investigações filosóficas, e partes pontuais dos dois primeiros capítulos do Ensaio sobre os dados imediatos da consciência, de Bergson, ilustrando posteriormente este texto com a exposição da conferência que este realizara em Oxford, tratando dos temas do movimento e da mudança, que podem ser lidas quase que como um prelúdio da confusão entre tempo e espaço, para que entendamos melhor do que se trata.
Afetividade e relação professor-criança na educação infantil
Authors: Silva Ana Carolina Rosa Moraes da
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como as relações afetivas entre criança e professor contribuem no processo de aprendizagem na educação infantil. A análise de dados foi realizada a partir de abordagem quanti/qualitativa, onde o pesquisador pode a partir de dados quantitativos, explicar os dados coletados a fim de estabelecer maior conhecimento. A pesquisa foi de caráter exploratória, para nos familiarizarmos com o assunto, e obter uma maior compreensão sobre o tema proposto. Como procedimento foi aplicado questionários para as professoras das turmas de crianças pequenas e bem pequenas, com perguntas sobre como veem a afetividade no cotidiano escolar. A importância do processo de aprendizagem está vinculada com o afeto que os mesmos têm na instituição, diante disso não se pode trabalhar sem sentimento no que faz. Pois em muitos momentos é na instuição que a criança tem a atenção que necessita, e vê o professor como alguém que pode lhe ajudar a entender seu papel frente a sociedade. A pesquisa baseia-se na visão de Paulo Freire e a contribuição de outros autores tais como: Miguel Arroyo, Demo, Kullok, Libaneo, Masseto, Taille, Wallon e Piaget que trabalham o tema a afetividade na educação infantil.A pesquisa nos fez compreender, como a afetividade esta inserida dentro de sala de aula na atualidade, e como ela colabora no processo de ensino aprendizagem.
A experiência estética como ato terapêutico na obra de Lygia Clark
Authors: Xavier Luana Lopes
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar a ideia de experiência do corpo, tema central da pesquisa de doutoramento em Performances culturais, que está em sua fase inicial. Para tal, esse artigo suscita algumas questões iniciais   acerca do trabalho estético de Lygia Clark, a dimensão de sua proposta neoconcretista e, sobretudo, a iniciativa de suas proposições artísticas, a partir das quais emerge a noção de corpo coletivo. Nesse sentido, deter-nos-emos em proposições experimentalistas de Lygia Clark, sobre o corpo, para pensá-lo como um novo “objeto” da arte. E no intento de explorar esta noção de  corpo  nos  trabalhos  de  Lygia  Clark,  proporemos  aproximações  entre  autores  diversos, tendo em vista a importância da fenomenologia no trajeto da artista e de outras referências que nos aproximam  do  seu  olhar  artístico,  experimental,  performático.  Pensando o  tema  'A  experiência estética como ato terapêutico', partiremos da ideia de corpo como “não-objeto”/novo “objeto” estético que se desdobra no envolvimento com o espectador, tornando-o parte dela como agente-transformador e, por fim, como aquele que a desvela. Proporemos, a partir do trajeto das proposições de Lygia Clark, pensar em que sentido a obra de arte possibilita o entrelaçamento do sujeito-espectador com a arte, a criação, o mundo, a experiência e o outro.
Transferência compulsória no regimento escolar: um processo de exclusão na educação básica
Authors: Morrone Maria Lucia
Published: February 2020

O artigo   demonstra que a transferência compulsória pode incidir em sanção punitiva, interferindo no processo educativo, que é função social da escola. A metodologia baseia-se em publicações científicas, jurídicas e legislação vigente. Com relação a transferência compulsória, a escola não deve reforçar o ato punitivo mas cumprir o seu papel social enquanto instituição que se propõe a educar para a cidadania e não apenas ao ensino/aprendizagem. Defende-se também que mediante a aplicação dessa medida, em hipótese alguma deverá permanecer fora do contexto escolar, até o julgamento final do recurso, se este for impetrado pelo aluno, pais ou responsáveis, evitando-se situações de constrangimento e exclusão. Como considerações finais, afirma-se que, se não houver o sistemático acompanhamento do aluno, a sua transferência compulsória, pode excluí-lo de seu direito à permanência na educação básica.
ПРОБЛЕМИ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ ПРИКЛАДНИХ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ В ОСВІТНЮ ПРАКТИКУ
Authors: Panok Vitalii
Published: February 2020

Визначено актуальні проблеми впровадження результатів прикладних психологічних досліджень в освітянську практику, висвітлюється досвід Українського науково-методичного центру практичної психології і соціальної роботи з упровадження інновацій у діяльність психологічної служби системи освіти та окреслено шляхи підвищення ефективності цього процесу.Запропоновано, зокрема: розробити окремі критерії оцінки результатів прикладних і фундаментальних досліджень; посилити інтеграцію установ НАПН України з МОН України, обласними департаментами освіти і науки, інститутами післядипломної педагогічної освіти та закладами освіти шляхом створення творчих груп, що здійснюють розроблення, експериментальну апробацію і впровадження інновацій; вдосконалити методологію прикладних досліджень у психології, доповнивши її процедурами визначення ефективності упровадження. Запропоновані новації потребують оновлення або перегляду існуючих нормативів і процедур, розроблення або вдосконалення критеріїв оцінки діяльності наукових установ, що здійснюють прикладні дослідження.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИЙ СУПРОВІД ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ТА ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ ФАХІВЦІВ В УМОВАХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Briukhovetska Oleksandra
Published: February 2020

У доповіді висвітлені напрями взаємодії ДЗВО «Університет менеджменту освіти» з Інститутом психології імені Г.С. Костюка НАПН України під керівництвом академіка НАПН України, доктора психологічних наук, професора С.Д. Максименка.Представлено розроблену з урахуванням наукових праць фахівців Інституту психології імені Г.С. Костюка НАПН України і запроваджену у ДЗВО «Університет менеджменту освіти» систему організаційно-психологічного супроводу професійної підготовки та підвищення кваліфікації керівників освітніх організацій.Підсумовано, що співпраця ДЗВО «Університет менеджменту освіти» з Інститутом психології імені Г. С. Костюка НАПН України, як свідчить зворотній зв’язок зі споживачами наукової продукції, є плідною і такою, що має значущій суспільний ефект.
РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ ПРОЄКТУ ПРОГРАМИ СПІЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МІНІСТЕРСТВА ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ ТА НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ АКАДЕМІЇ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ НАУК УКРАЇНИ НА 2020-2022 РОКИ
Authors: Lugovyi Volodymyr , Kulish Tetiana
Published: February 2020

З метою узгодженого вирішення невідкладних завдань, які стоять перед українською освітою, вченими НАПН України та фахівцями МОН України підготовлено проєкт Програми спільної діяльності Міністерства освіти і науки України та Національної академії педагогічних наук України на 2020-2022 роки.Зміст спільної діяльності узгоджено з пріоритетними цілями, визначеними Програмою діяльності Уряду для освітньої і наукової сфери. У кожному з розділів Програми визначено заходи, які сприяють вирішенню завдань коротко- і середньострокової перспективи, що постають перед вітчизняною освітою в сучасних умовах. Це, насамперед, подальше вдосконалення освітнього законодавства, напрацювання в робочих групах концептуальних та нормативних документів щодо освіти, вирішення інших нагальних питань модернізації освіти, зокрема її інформатизації, наукового та навчально-методичного супроводу інклюзивного навчання дітей з особливими потребами, психологічного забезпечення, діяльності психологічних служб тощо.
First record of Copiphora longicauda Serville, 1831 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Cophiphorini) in Brazil and new behavioral data
Authors: Mendes Diego M. M. , De Oliveira Jomara C.
Published: February 2020

Copiphora longicauda Serville, 1831 is a species of Amazonian katydid described for French Guiana and with records for Colombia, Peru and Suriname. In this contribution, the record of this species is made for the first time to Brazil, with inclusion of natural history and a map with the geographical records.
Linha Básica de Suscetibilidade de Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, [1858]) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) a Benzoato de Emamectina
Authors: Nunes Naiara R. , Rampelotti-Ferreira Fátima T. , Thiesen Leonardo V. , Corassa Janaina N. , Pitta Rafael M.
Published: February 2020

Emamectin Benzoate was registered recently in Brazil to control Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, [1858]) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in soybean. We studied the baseline susceptibility of Mato Grosso populations of C. includes to support Insect Resistance Management programs by standard feeding assays on insecticide-surface of artificial diet. Variation in susceptibility between populations was low. The LC50 values from 11 populations varied between 0.015 a 0.065 µg i.a. cm-2. Based on our results, we propose the discriminant concentration of 2.867 µg i.a. cm-2 of emamectin benzoate to monitor insecticide resistance in C. includes.
Modelling the temperature change of bifilm defects in Al cast alloys
Authors: Ahmed El-Sayed Mahmoud
Published: February 2020

Double oxide films (bifilms) are significant defects in the casting of light alloys, and have been shown to decrease tensile and fatigue properties, and also increase their scatter, making casting properties unreproducible and unreliable. Recent research has suggested that the nature of oxide film defects may change with time, as the air inside the bifilm would react with the surrounding melt leading to its consumption, which may enhance the mechanical properties of Al alloy castings. It was suggested that in a pure Al melt, oxygen within the bifilm atmosphere would be consumed first to form alumina, then nitrogen would react to from AlN. A CFD model of the heat distribution associated with the reactions between the interior atmosphere of a double oxide film defect and the surrounding liquid alloy suggested that highly localized increases in temperature, up to 5000, could occur, over a scale of a few hundred micrometers. Such localized increases in temperature might lead to change the nature of the bifilm causing it to be less harmful to the properties of Al cast alloys.
AIDS, globalisation and ontological security
Authors: Tufte Thomas
Published: February 2020

The working hypothesis of this article is that many of the root causes of AIDS are intrinsically tied to the processes of globalisation. To develop efficient responses to AIDS requires more than conveying a clear message about sexual behaviour. It will often require broader strategies to empower the audiences to handle difficult conditions of everyday life. By drawing on post-colonial theory on the interrelation between media and migration, modernity and globalisation, this text seeks to re-assess the challenge of AIDS communication and prevention, suggesting a fundamental rethinking of current practice where the impacts of economic and cultural globalisation are taken into consideration.

La hipótesis de trabajo de este artículo es que muchas de las causas primarias del SIDA están intrínsecamente ligadas a los procesos de globalización. Para desarrollar respuestas eficientes al problema del SIDA es necesario algo más que un mensaje claro acerca del comportamiento sexual. A menudo requerirá estrategias más amplias para animar a las audiencias a sobrellevar las difíciles condiciones de la vida cotidiana. Basándose en la teoría post-colonial de la relación existente entre medios de comunicación, migración, modernidad y globalización, este texto busca valorar el reto de la comunicación y prevención en SIDA, sugiriendo la reconsideración de las prácticas actuales donde los impactos de la globalización económica y cultural se tienen en consideración.
Communication for health and AIDS: An educative-entertaining approach
Authors: Igartua-Perosanz Juan-José
Published: February 2020

This paper reviews the current state of the impact of entertainment-education contributions for AIDS prevention. Traditional information campaigns are being replaced by interventions based on narrative formats which merge entertainment with an educational content. The success of such interventions depends on the ability of the narrative formats to stimulate parasocial interaction and emotional involvement. It is also stated that one of the key factors to success is to promote discussion.

El presente trabajo revisa la evidencia actual sobre el impacto de las intervenciones de educación-entretenimiento para la prevención del SIDA. Las clásicas campañas en clave publicitaria están dejando paso a intervenciones basadas en formatos narrativos que fusionan la educación con el entretenimiento. El éxito de tales intervenciones se debe a la capacidad de los formatos narrativos para estimular la interacción parasocial y la implicación emocional. También se constata que una de las claves del éxito es la estimulación de la discusión.
Literates and knowledge: the digital literacy
Authors: Levis Diego
Published: February 2020

The digital literacy is one of the principal challenges which education faces today. A real digital literacy does not consist of teaching only how to use a computer and different computer applications, but it must also offer the basic elements for the comprehension and managing of the language in which the programs are codified. The dilemma is to form a society of users of the technology or a society who incorporates one new way of conceiving and creating knowledge.

La alfabetización digital es uno de los principales desafíos con los que se enfrenta la educación hoy. Una verdadera alfabetización digital no consiste sólo en enseñar a utilizar el ordenador y distintas aplicaciones informáticas, sino que debe ofrecer los elementos básicos para la comprensión y dominio del lenguaje en el que están codificados los programas. La disyuntiva es formar una sociedad de usuarios de la tecnología o una sociedad que incorpore una nueva forma de concebir y crear conocimiento.
Treatment of women image in Venezuelan TV spots
Authors: Velásquez-de-León Isabel-Francis
Published: February 2020

This paper is a descriptive research about the women image in Venezuelan TV spots, through the analysis of roles, gender stereotypes and physical features. They show the predominance of sensual women, their reclusion in domestic environments and the representation of white, young and brunette women.

Este trabajo recoge una investigación descriptiva acerca de la imagen de la mujer en los comerciales venezolanos a través del análisis de los roles, estereotipos de género y características físicas. Arroja el predominio de la mujer sensual, el confinamiento de la mujer al entorno doméstico y la representación de una mujer blanca, joven y de cabello oscuro.
The interactive multimedia story
Authors: Perceval-Verde José-María , Tejedor-Calvo Santiago
Published: February 2020

In this article we reflect upon the educational possibilities of interactive multimedia stories. After analysing the origins and the evolution of stories, we studied the innovations introduced by the multimedia convergence, the hypertext and interactivity in stories with educational objectives within the Information Society. We are also presenting an interactive multimedia story project developed by the Master of Communication and Education at the UAB.

En el marco del presente artículo se reflexiona sobre las posibilidades educativas del cuento multimedia interactivo. En este sentido y tras analizar los orígenes y evolución del cuento, se estudian las novedades que la hipertextualidad, interactividad y convergencia multimedia introducen en la creación de historias ideadas con una finalidad educativa en el marco de la Sociedad de la Información. Del mismo modo, se presenta un proyecto de cuento multimedia interactivo desarrollado en el Máster de Comunicación y Educación de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona.
The spanish participation in international projects of communication
Authors: Sacristán-Romero Francisco
Published: February 2020

The contribution of the technical advances to citizens´welfare has been so flashing that it has become a door opened to the increasing artificial necessities of communication in some occasions, real in others, as it demonstrates the numerous supply of television channels that can be turned on with satellite dish of standard-small size.

La contribución de los adelantos técnicos al bienestar de los ciudadanos ha sido tan fulgurante que se ha convertido en una puerta abierta a las crecientes necesidades de comunicación, artificiales en algunas ocasiones, reales en otras, como lo demuestra la numerosa oferta de canales de televisión que se pueden captar con una antena parabólica de tamaño medio-pequeño. A un país como España, que en los años ochenta empezaba sus primeros pasos para introducirse en el club de países con satélites de comunicaciones, los costos económicos y la enorme complejidad tecnológica de la puesta en órbita de un sistema de satélites propio le iba a suponer mucho más tiempo y esfuerzo que a otros países con experiencia en el espacio.
L’influence de la communication interne d’entreprise sur l’engagement des salariés au travail : les apports de l’enquête réponse 2011
Authors: Cézanne Cécile , Loufrani-Fedida Sabrina , Luu Philippe , Saglietto Laurence
Published: February 2020

Cet article vise à mieux comprendre l’influence de la communication interne d’entreprise, à travers ses pratiques de diffusion, consultation et participation, sur l’engagement des salariés au travail. Pour ce faire, nous avons eu recours aux données de l’enquête REPONSE 2010-2011 réalisée dans la période récente de crise économique et sociale. À partir d’un échantillon de 11 334 salariés de 3 642 établissements français du secteur marchand non agricole, nos résultats montrent une influence positive de la communication interne d’entreprise sur l’engagement des salariés au travail, du point de vue de leur satisfaction au travail, comme du point de vue de leur adhésion aux objectifs de l’entreprise. Nos résultats mettent également en évidence que les pratiques participatives de communication interne sont des leviers du management de l’engagement des salariés au travail. Dès lors, nous recommandons aux dirigeants, DRH, responsables de la communication interne et managers, tout d’abord, d’adopter une communication interne participative et centrée sur les personnes ; ensuite, de renouveler la politique traditionnelle instrumentale de la communication interne en ne la pensant plus de manière isolée et suffisante mais systématiquement combinée à des pratiques interactionnistes et notamment participatives.
Antécédents et conséquences de l’insécurité professionnelle dans un contexte de réforme institutionnelle : le cas des responsables formation
Authors: Grima François , Brunel Olivier , Taphanel Ludovic
Published: February 2020

Cette étude propose un modèle renouvelé d’antécédents et de conséquences de l’insécurité professionnelle basé sur une étude quantitative portant sur 276 Responsables de Formation en France. En se centrant sur la théorie de la conservation des ressources, les résultats de notre analyse semblent démontrer que la personnalité proactive influence négativement le sentiment d’insécurité professionnelle, se révélant ainsi être une ressource pour l’individu dans des contextes de changement. Cette étude corrobore les études précédentes quant au lien positif entre l’insécurité professionnelle perçue et l’intention de quitter l’emploi pour les individus. Cet impact positif semble par ailleurs s’exercer aussi entre l’insécurité professionnelle et l’intention de quitter la profession plus globalement. Enfin, les résultats révèlent un effet modérateur des alternatives d’emploi perçues par l’individu sur l’ensemble des relations du modèle. Nos résultats démontrent que l’attitude de carrière sans frontière semble positivement liée à l’insécurité professionnelle dans des contextes où l’individu perçoit de nombreuses alternatives d’emplois. L’ensemble de ces résultats permet d’affiner la compréhension de l’insécurité professionnelle, phénomène de plus en plus répandu au sein des organisations.
Connaître le client : une évidence qui ne va pas de soi à La Poste
Authors: Sulkowski-Vautherin Daphné
Published: February 2020

La Poste a traversé avec succès de nombreuses mutations, toujours en préservant son identité et une culture d’entreprise affirmée. Désormais, le Groupe et ses cinq branches font face à l’ouverture des marchés, aux nécessités d’une rationalisation budgétaire et à l’exigence d’une qualité de service nouvelle portée par ses clients. Lancé en 2014, un grand programme transversal de connaissance des clients bouleverse les habitudes et les clivages internes, et requiert un profond remaniement du système informatique de l’entreprise.
Où va l’informatique ?
Authors: Berry Gérard
Published: February 2020

En France, nous peinons depuis des décennies à prendre la mesure des enjeux numériques, considérant avec condescendance la science informatique. Les mathématiciens et chercheurs que nous formons sont de qualité, mais partent trop souvent vers la Silicon Valley ou l’Asie. Des champs d’innovation restent pourtant encore à explorer. Il faudrait pour cela une volonté politique, nationale et européenne, une réforme de l’enseignement de l’informatique pour les plus jeunes et une collabo ration des scientifiques de toutes disciplines.
L’immunothérapie des cancers : véritable révolution thérapeutique
Authors: Fridman Wolf Hervé
Published: February 2020

Stimuler le système immunitaire des patients pour les aider à contrôler, voire rejeter, les cancers dont ils sont atteints est un concept ancien qui a récemment connu des développements spectaculaires couronnés par l’attribution du Prix Nobel de médecine et de physiologie à James P. Allison et Tatsuku Honjo en 2018. L’immunothérapie est devenue le quatrième pilier des thérapies anti-cancéreuses, avec des autorisations de mises sur le marché de médicaments immunomodulateurs attribuées à un rythme élevé (plus d’une par mois). L’immunothérapie a pour vocation de traiter tous les cancers, quels que soient leurs types histologiques ; mais elle se heurte déjà à des défis importants comme la résistance primaire et acquise d’un grand nombre de tumeurs, la toxicité liée à l’hyperstimulation du système immunitaire et le coût quelquefois exorbitant de certaines immunothérapies.
Epithelium Zernike Indices and Artificial Intelligence Can Differentiate Epithelial Remodeling Between Flap and Flapless Refractive Procedures
Authors: Khamar Pooja , Chandapura Rachana , Shetty Rohit , Dadachanji Zelda , Kundu Gairik , Patel Yash , Nuijts Rudy M.M.A. , Sinha Roy Abhijit
Published: February 2020

PURPOSE:

To evaluate epithelial Zernike indices as a differentiator of epithelial remodeling after different refractive procedures.

METHODS:

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of 22 laser in situ keratomileusis, 22 small incision lenticule extraction, 15 photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and 17 transepithelial PRK eyes were evaluated retrospectively before and after surgery. A custom algorithm was used to calculate the epithelial Zernike indices from the three-dimensional distribution of epithelial thickness distribution. The epithelial Zernike indices were also compared with the local measurements of epithelial thickness, used conventionally from the current clinical OCT. A decision tree classifier was built, one in which flap/cap and surface procedures were classified (2G) and another in which all surgical groups were classified separately (4G).

RESULTS:

Local measurements of thicknesses changed significantly after all surgeries (
P
< .05), but these changes were similar in magnitude between the surgical platforms (
P
> .05). The surgeries not only changed the epithelial Zernike indices (
P
< .05), but also resulted in differential changes in epithelial thickness distribution based on the type of surgery (
P
< .05). In the 2G analyses with local measurements of epithelial thickness, the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.57 ± 0.07, 42.11%, and 57.89%, respectively. Further, the accuracy was limited to less than 60%. In the 2G analyses with epithelial Zernike indices, the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.79 ± 0.05, 86.4%, and 71.9%, respectively. Here, the accuracy was limited between 70% and 80%. Similar trends were observed with 4G analyses.

CONCLUSIONS:

The epithelial Zernike indices were significantly better in identifying surgery-specific three-dimensional remodeling of the thickness compared to local measurements of epithelial thickness. Further, the changes in Zernike indices were independent of the magnitude of refractive error but not the type of surgery.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(2):97–103.]
A Survey on Emerging Cyber Crimes and Their Impact Worldwide
Authors: Gangwar Suraj , Narang Vinayak
Published: February 2020

The number of cybercrime cases have increased exponentially in the last couple of years. With each passing year, the cybercrimes become more diverse and cyber criminals become more sophisticated. The explosion of connectivity in addition to growth of the cloud services and internet of things have given cyber criminals more potential targets and discovery of new avenues of attack. Today's cyber criminals target elections, industrial control system, and cause digital wildfires. In the future, they may even target human life. “Global Risks 2018” report reveals that cybercrimes are increasing both in prevalence and disruptive potential and predicts them as one of the top five global risks. This article gives a brief overview of the emerging cybercrimes and their impacts worldwide and solutions to combat this crime.
The Dark Web
Authors: Elangovan Ramanujam
Published: February 2020

The deep web (also called deepnet, the invisible web, dark web, or the hidden web) refers to world wide web content that is not part of the surface web, which is indexed by standard search engines. The more familiar “surface” web contains only a small fraction of the information available on the internet. The deep web contains much of the valuable data on the web, but is largely invisible to standard web crawling techniques. Besides it being the huge source of information, it also provides the rostrum for cybercrime like by providing download links for movies, music, games, etc. without having their copyrights. This article aims to provide context and policy recommendations pertaining to the dark web. The dark web's complete history, from its creation to the latest incidents and the way to access and their sub forums are briefly discussed with respective to the user perspective.
Privacy and Security Challenges in the Internet of Things
Authors: Almeida Fernando , Lourenço Justino
Published: February 2020

Internet of things (IoT) is increasingly present in our lives. As a consequence of connecting devices, IoT can make people's lives more convenient and comfortable. However, despite unquestionable benefits offered by IoT, there is still a great deal of concern from users and companies about the security and privacy of their data. In this sense, this study conducts a qualitative study based on three case studies of companies in the IoT field, which aims to characterize how these IoT companies look at the security and privacy challenges posed by IoT. The findings allowed the authors to identify the main challenges faced by IoT companies during the past years, the main privacy risks exposed by IoT devices, and the countermeasures that companies and users can adopt to increase the security of IoT.
Tackle the Smart Contract Vulnerabilities
Authors: R. Parthasarathi , Kaushal Puneet
Published: February 2020

A smart contract is a computerized transaction protocol that executes the terms of a contract in a trusted decentralized manner, meaning the execution of this contract is no more dependent on one single party or a node and the execution is immutable. This key core idea also leads to many vulnerabilities, which in turn results in huge financial loss to the consumers. The main objective of this article is to cover the various common vulnerabilities stages from development to implementation and proposed some of the best-recommended practices to tackle the above mentioned potential security risks.
A Study of Politicians in a Hybrid Media Setting During the 2014 Swedish Elections
Authors: Svensson Jakob
Published: February 2020

This chapter attends to the interactions between campaigning politicians and traditional news media in an online space of social networking. Studying campaigning Parliamentarians on Twitter during the 2014 Swedish election, traditional news media and their online presences represented a form of authority. The interactions were often charged with emotions and could be understood as a way to negotiate status and group (party) belonging, something that is particularly important for campaigning politicians in a party-based democracy like Sweden. By studying the interactions between Parliamentarians and traditional news media, the study concludes that Parliamentarians were expected to be angry and upset with political opponents in front of their party comrades. Hence the mass media logic of conflict is transferred online and also with network media logic, favouring attention-maximising, witty one-liners. This foregrounds polarisation and dissent at the expense of discussion and debate.
Chemicals of Emerging Concern in Surface and Wastewater
Authors: Orata Francis
Published: February 2020

Rapid technological advancement in the pharmaceuticals and chemical industry has led to synthesis of compounds used for health/personal care and industrial products in large amounts. These chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) are consequently released into the environment through industrial emissions, disposal processes, and during use and application. Rapid population growth and urbanization within the Lake Victoria catchment region has inserted tremendous pressure on the environment and its resources, thus resulting to potential point and diverse sources of CECs introduction to the environment. Improper waste disposal and conventional wastewater treatment technology that are practiced in the catchment have not helped in prevention and removal of CECs and other pollutants from the environment. This chapter evaluates the occurrence of CECs mainly in surface and wastewater within the Lake Victoria catchment of Kenya and informs on the fate and diverse health effects that come with their presence in the environment.
Evaluation of Selected Reaeration Models for Water Quality Management
Authors: Salihu Lukman , Adedayo Adekunbi E. , Olalekan Babajide Jelili , Afolabi Asani M. , Mohammed Idi Dansuleiman , Oke Isaiah Adesola , Adewale Obijole O.
Published: February 2020

In this chapter, a new proposed model was compared with selected standard models and evaluated statistically (model of selection criterion [MSC] and Akaike information criterion [AIC]). Suspended concentration and calculated reaeration rate were used to predict concentration of EPs removable by the aeration and self-purification of the stream. The study revealed that MSC for the new proposed model were 0.75, - 0.44, - 0.32, - 0.45, and - 0.45 respectively. AIC for both dry and wet seasons were 11.85, 42.17, 41.37, 42.17, and 42.25 for the new proposed model, respectively. It was concluded the proposed model performed better than some of the standard models.
Designing Sustainable Social Media Health Communication Campaigns for Promoting Rare Diseases
Authors: Koinig Isabell , Diehl Sandra
Published: February 2020

The third goal of the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda aims to ensure individual's wellbeing and a long and healthy life. As such, health is perceived as an essential part of sustainable development. While progress has been made over the past decades, far too little attention has been paid to misdiagnosed and rare diseases. In the context of promoting “health for all”, communication is of uttermost importance. By means of a content analysis for selected rare disease campaigns, the present contribution seeks to highlight the way the UN's health goal is communicated as part of health campaigns for rare diseases. Amongst others, this chapter sets out to understand how the goal is communicated, which aspects are stressed, and whether there are differences in message strategies across different platforms relative to rare diseases. Ultimately, the potential of social media for communicating rare diseases is carved out. Research limitations and directions for future research are also addressed.
Neuropsychiatry in Late Onset Tay-Sachs Disease
Authors: Gadoth Natan
Published: February 2020

The neuropsychiatric adult onset Tay-Sachs disease is relatively unknown. Although clinical features and mode of presentation are variable, there are common symptoms and signs of, for example, spinocerebellar atrophy, motor neuron disease, psychiatric disorder, and neuroimaging features of cerebellar atrophy. This chapter reviews the neuropsychiatric features of Late Onset Tay-Sachs disease, discussing possible interconnections between psychosis and the cerebellum in this disease. Understanding this interlink offers some important insights into the rarity of the disease that together with the diverse clinical onset and manifestations are responsible for a marked delay in diagnosis and even misdiagnosis. Genetic testing for the activity of Hexosaminidase A, prompted by the presence of cerebellar atrophy will establish the diagnosis. In all, the combination of cerebellar degeneration together with atypical psychiatric features is in line with the ongoing assumption that the cerebellum and its thalamo-cortical outflow are responsible for psychosis, and in particular, schizophrenia.
Portraying Rare and Misdiagnosed Diseases in Movies
Authors: Costa Liliana Vale , Veloso Ana Isabel
Published: February 2020

This chapter examines the portrayal of rare and misdiagnosed diseases in 9 movies from 1980 to 2018. The analysis embodies the representation of rare diseases and the suggested audiovisual strategies to comprehend the message conveyed. Most of the movies introduced the disease by highlighting its symptoms. The binomial culture of cure and care often emerges, as well as the patient's desire for the mundane pleasures in life and over dependence in a health system. The high hopes in research advances and lack of information are majorly covered in the caregivers' attempts to seek tests and drug trials and their mediator's role in patient-physician interactions. The audiovisual strategies adopted vary between the accelerated montage to communicate the contrast between the frenetic side of everyday life and the patient's process of coping with the disease, deep focus from patients to parents, and close-ups to show the individual's reactions and perspectives.
How Is the Administrator's Experience in Managing Health Facebook Groups?
Authors: Pernencar Claudia , Saboia Inga
Published: February 2020

This decade, patients with chronic conditions take advantage of technological resources to share experiences, look for help, and get together in groups. Social media has become a productive spot of health information for users. This chapter clarifies the administrators' user experience of social media health groups within the context of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Semi-structured interviews with 7 Portuguese and Brazilian managers of Facebook groups were carried out. The authors propose a model of participation in online communities that take into account the variables of Presence–Interconnection between users in daily lives; Relationship–Aspects of experience where users meet; Reputation–Positioning of users related to the status; Groups–Relationship issues between members; Conversations – Extension of the user interaction; Sharing–Represents the exchange, distribution, and reception and Education–The information transmitted. Findings reinforced that administrators' groups use social media to lead patients´ empowerment.
Designing a Course for the Development of Community-Engaged Researchers in a College of Education
Authors: Zimmerman Aaron S. , Matteson Shirley M.
Published: February 2020

Community-engaged scholarship is a democratic approach to scholarship that seeks to identify and solve community-based problems. In this chapter, the authors, both faculty members within a college of education, describe the challenge of creating opportunities to prepare graduate students to become community-engaged researchers. In this chapter, the authors will explore the challenges related to designing coursework that successfully supports the development of the knowledge, skills, and dispositions required for successful community-engaged research. The authors present narratives that describe their transition into their college and describe how this organizational context influenced the manner in which they went about designing a course on community-engaged research. The authors then outline, in detail, a number of assignments developed for this research course. These assignments are presented as a resource for faculty who are developing courses that aim to prepare graduate students for community-engaged scholarship.
Benefits of Engaging Doctoral Students in Community-Based Research Projects
Authors: Matteson Shirley M. , Arellano Irene , Sherrod Sonya E.
Published: February 2020

This chapter focuses on the self-reported benefits of 112 doctoral students in a college of education who completed a community-based research project. Findings are based on students' answers to the survey question “What did you learn about conducting research or yourself as a researcher through this experience?” The themes of knowledge, self, practice, and skill and related subthemes emerged in their written answers. Doctoral students gained knowledge and skills required of community-engaged scholars, which shaped their self-image as such. The findings of this study support the expansion of and support for community-based research projects in academic programs, departments, colleges, and universities.
Cyber Security Aspects of Virtualization in Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: Tank Darshan Mansukhbhai , Aggarwal Akshai , Chaubey Nirbhay Kumar
Published: February 2020

Cybercrime continues to emerge, with new threats surfacing every year. Every business, regardless of its size, is a potential target of cyber-attack. Cybersecurity in today's connected world is a key component of any establishment. Amidst known security threats in a virtualization environment, side-channel attacks (SCA) target most impressionable data and computations. SCA is flattering major security interests that need to be inspected from a new point of view. As a part of cybersecurity aspects, secured implementation of virtualization infrastructure is very much essential to ensure the overall security of the cloud computing environment. We require the most effective tools for threat detection, response, and reporting to safeguard business and customers from cyber-attacks. The objective of this chapter is to explore virtualization aspects of cybersecurity threats and solutions in the cloud computing environment. The authors also discuss the design of their novel ‘Flush+Flush' cache attack detection approach in a virtualized environment.
Good Governance and Rural Development in Africa
Authors: Adejumo-Ayibiowu Oluwakemi Damola
Published: February 2020

This chapter presents African indigenous knowledge as the missing link in achieving good governance and rural development in Africa. The failure of rural development projects in Africa has mostly been attributed to weak institutions and bad governance. Consequently, good governance has become the cornerstone of donors' development cooperation in Africa since the 1990s. While it is true that African public institutions may be weak, the analysis shows that the West contributed to this problem through European colonization of the continent as well as the imposition of Eurocentric one-size-fit-all reforms of the World Bank on indebted African countries. The chapter argues that to improve governance and rural development in Africa, there are well-established and effective cultural indigenous governance systems in the continent from which we can learn.
The Facilitative Role of Institutions in Poverty Reduction
Authors: Mazibuko Sibonginkosi
Published: February 2020

The constitutional requirements for the South African municipalities to adopt a developmental character and implement policies of local economic development present a favourable institutional framework to provide rural people with opportunities to engage in entrepreneurial activities. This chapter explores specific measures to exploit the tourism-based economy to benefit the local people adjacent to conservation areas. Using literature, the chapter first presents a brief historical background to socio-economic conditions around the land question in South Africa. Secondly it presents strategies to combat in particular unemployment, and then finally discusses the present as well as the possible future constraints that people face and are likely to face in these areas. This chapter then explores specific measures to exploit the tourism-based economy to benefit the local people adjacent to conservation areas. It finally discusses the present as well as the possible future constraints that people face and are likely to face in these areas.
Reconceptualising Migration in South Africa
Authors: Khan Aneesah , Moseki Modise
Published: February 2020

This chapter reflects on the concept of migration in South Africa in the migrant labour system, which is ill-defined and poorly understood. Historically, the understanding of this concept has been framed within the country's colonial past, which was rooted in a racial and gender segregated system. The representation of this concept is colonial and Eurocentric. This chapter utilises a decolonial lens to provide a critical discussion of migration and the meanings attached to this concept. Migration is diverse; however, its representations failed to capture its complexities. Thus, the aim of this chapter is to reconceptualise the distorted and stereotypical understanding of migration in South Africa. A dynamic and fluid approach to understanding migration is recommended, one that transcends race, class, and territorial divides.
Adoption of Multimedia Instructional Material for Community Development in Africa
Authors: Tosho Abdulrauf , Mutalib Ariffin Abdul
Published: February 2020

Instructional material has been recognized globally as means to offer access to learning content, so as to stimulate community development. There is still limited understanding about the potential of learning materials and the contribution that instructional development can offer to both urban and rural communities in Africa. This chapter provides an overview of instructional learning material for physical challenged learners in an inclusive environment. It shows the major strategies in design principles for leaning materials, such as multimedia elements, and approach components that represent inclusive assessment in rural communities. The physically challenged learner in this study is non-mental disorderliness: the hearing-impaired learners and the low vision learners. It also demonstrates that the inclusive multimedia instructional material has been created in concert with the grassroots community.
Discovering a Language of Stories in Immersive Storytelling
Authors: Kantor Jessica
Published: February 2020

In this chapter, the author explores storytelling in immersive media along with a systematic way of utilizing other forms of media to inform choices in these new techniques. The author argues that storytelling, as a human instinct, shows up in all forms of media as they emerge and that we are now at the beginning step on a long road of discovery. The chapter goes on to explore traditional forms of storytelling for the stage and screen to see how those mediums can inform emerging immersive media. Examples are presented of early immersive media that have achieved more or less success in telling a story.
Designing STEAM Learning Environments
Authors: Jackson Haidee A. , Basham James D. , Thomas Kelli , Hunt Cassandra L.
Published: February 2020

This chapter highlights some of the technological changes in society that have led to an increased need to consider instructional and design challenges in implementing STEAM education. Specifically, the chapter discusses how challenges related to designing learning environments in STEAM education can be mediated through application of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework. Consideration is given towards designing for flexible and useable STEAM learning spaces by thinking about and planning for learner variability as a key component towards designing inclusive, humanistic educational experiences. In addition, STEAM learning spaces are discussed in terms of catalyzing learner creativity, providing for individualizing instruction, and empowering 21st century learners to develop collaborative, problem-solving tools, and soft skills.
Augmented Reality in the Context of Automotive Manufacturing
Authors: Garcia Gisela Pires
Published: February 2020

The 4th industrial revolution based on the digitization of industrial processes, on the connection of the equipment between them, and on new interfaces with the humans, will require new work contexts and new organizations (Cyber-Physical System and Internet of Things). Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) will contribute in a large scale for the automotive industry transition to the Industry 4.0 paradigm. This chapter provides an overview of these versatile technologies in the context of industrial production, where these technologies will allow the real world of the shop floor to merge with a digital world of simulations, predictions, and automation.
Distance Education Students' Opinions on Distance Education
Authors: Gökbulut Bayram
Published: February 2020

This research aimed to determine the opinions of undergraduate and graduate level distance education students about the education they received. Phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in this study. Semi-structured interview form was used as data collection method. In this research, focus group interviews were conducted in three sessions with a total of 27 distance education students (14 master and 13 undergraduate). Distance education students prefer distance education because they work in a job; they consider distance education as a great opportunity for those who cannot receive formal education. The students stated that the distance education infrastructure of the university is technically very good; they have almost no technical problems, but they have problems when connected via mobile applications. They stated that the course contents related to informatics are old because they have received education especially in the field of informatics and emphasized the importance of renewal.