bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High speed ultrafast laser anisotropic nanostructuring by energy deposition control via near-field enhancement
Authors: Lei Yuhao , Sakakura Masaaki , Wang Lei , Yu Yanhao , Wang Huijun , Shayeganrad Gholamreza , Kazansky Peter G.
Published: September 2021

It is challenging to store the exponentially increasing amount of data in the information age. The multiplexed optical data storage with merits of high data density (hundreds of terabytes/disk), low energy consumption, and long lifetime could open a new era in data storage technology. The recent progress in five-dimensional (5D) optical data storage based on anisotropic nanostructures written by femtosecond (fs) laser pulses in transparent materials reveals its potential for real-world applications, but high writing speed and density remain a major challenge. Here, we propose a method for rapid and energy-efficient writing of highly localized anisotropic nanostructures in silica glass by energy modulated megahertz-rate fs pulses. An isotropic nanovoid is initially generated with pulse energy above the microexplosion threshold and then elongated to an anisotropic nanolamella-like structure via the near-field enhancement effect by lower energy pulses, minimizing the unwanted thermal effects from megahertz-rate fs pulses. The anisotropic nanostructures are exploited for 5D data storage with a rate of

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Pathway analysis in metabolomics: Recommendations for the use of over-representation analysis
Authors: Wieder Cecilia , Frainay Clément , Poupin Nathalie , Rodríguez-Mier Pablo , Vinson Florence , Cooke Juliette , Lai Rachel PJ , Bundy Jacob G. , Jourdan Fabien , Ebbels Timothy
Published: September 2021

Over-representation analysis (ORA) is one of the commonest pathway analysis approaches used for the functional interpretation of metabolomics datasets. Despite the widespread use of ORA in metabolomics, the community lacks guidelines detailing its best-practice use. Many factors have a pronounced impact on the results, but to date their effects have received little systematic attention. Using five publicly available datasets, we demonstrated that changes in parameters such as the background set, differential metabolite selection methods, and pathway database used can result in profoundly different ORA results. The use of a non-assay-specific background set, for example, resulted in large numbers of false-positive pathways. Pathway database choice, evaluated using three of the most popular metabolic pathway databases (KEGG, Reactome, and BioCyc), led to vastly different results in both the number and function of significantly enriched pathways. Factors that are specific to metabolomics data, such as the reliability of compound identification and the chemical bias of different analytical platforms also impacted ORA results. Simulated metabolite misidentification rates as low as 4% resulted in both gain of false-positive pathways and loss of truly significant pathways across all datasets. Our results have several practical implications for ORA users, as well as those using alternative pathway analysis methods. We offer a set of recommendations for the use of ORA in metabolomics, alongside a set of minimal reporting guidelines, as a first step towards the standardisation of pathway analysis in metabolomics.
Computational modeling of blood component transport related to coronary artery thrombosis in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Grande Gutiérrez Noelia , Alber Mark , Kahn Andrew M. , Burns Jane C. , Mathew Mathew , McCrindle Brian W. , Marsden Alison L.
Published: September 2021

Coronary artery thrombosis is the major risk associated with Kawasaki disease (KD). Long-term management of KD patients with persistent aneurysms requires a thrombotic risk assessment and clinical decisions regarding the administration of anticoagulation therapy. Computational fluid dynamics has demonstrated that abnormal KD coronary artery hemodynamics can be associated with thrombosis. However, the underlying mechanisms of clot formation are not yet fully understood. Here we present a new model incorporating data from patient-specific simulated velocity fields to track platelet activation and accumulation. We use a system of Reaction-Advection-Diffusion equations solved with a stabilized finite element method to describe the evolution of non-activated platelets and activated platelet concentrations [AP], local concentrations of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and poly-phosphate (PolyP). The activation of platelets is modeled as a function of shear-rate exposure and local concentration of agonists. We compared the distribution of activated platelets in a healthy coronary case and six cases with coronary artery aneurysms caused by KD, including three with confirmed thrombosis. Results show spatial correlation between regions of higher concentration of activated platelets and the reported location of the clot, suggesting predictive capabilities of this model towards identifying regions at high risk for thrombosis. Also, the concentration levels of ADP and PolyP in cases with confirmed thrombosis are higher than the reported critical values associated with platelet aggregation (ADP) and activation of the intrinsic coagulation pathway (PolyP). These findings suggest the potential initiation of a coagulation pathway even in the absence of an extrinsic factor. Finally, computational simulations show that in regions of flow stagnation, biochemical activation, as a result of local agonist concentration, is dominant. Identifying the leading factors to a pro-coagulant environment in each case—mechanical or biochemical—could help define improved strategies for thrombosis prevention tailored for each patient.
Multiscale model of defective interfering particle replication for influenza A virus infection in animal cell culture
Authors: Rüdiger Daniel , Pelz Lars , Hein Marc D. , Kupke Sascha Y. , Reichl Udo
Published: September 2021

Cell culture-derived defective interfering particles (DIPs) are considered for antiviral therapy due to their ability to inhibit influenza A virus (IAV) production. DIPs contain a large internal deletion in one of their eight viral RNAs (vRNAs) rendering them replication-incompetent. However, they can propagate alongside their homologous standard virus (STV) during infection in a competition for cellular and viral resources. So far, experimental and modeling studies for IAV have focused on either the intracellular or the cell population level when investigating the interaction of STVs and DIPs. To examine these levels simultaneously, we conducted a series of experiments using highly different multiplicities of infections for STVs and DIPs to characterize virus replication in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney suspension cells. At several time points post infection, we quantified virus titers, viable cell concentration, virus-induced apoptosis using imaging flow cytometry, and intracellular levels of vRNA and viral mRNA using real-time reverse transcription qPCR. Based on the obtained data, we developed a mathematical multiscale model of STV and DIP co-infection that describes dynamics closely for all scenarios with a single set of parameters. We show that applying high DIP concentrations can shut down STV propagation completely and prevent virus-induced apoptosis. Interestingly, the three observed viral mRNAs (full-length segment 1 and 5, defective interfering segment 1) accumulated to vastly different levels suggesting the interplay between an internal regulation mechanism and a growth advantage for shorter viral RNAs. Furthermore, model simulations predict that the concentration of DIPs should be at least 10000 times higher than that of STVs to prevent the spread of IAV. Ultimately, the model presented here supports a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between STVs and DIPs during co-infection providing an ideal platform for the prediction and optimization of vaccine manufacturing as well as DIP production for therapeutic use.
Structural and energetic profiling of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain antibody recognition and the impact of circulating variants
Authors: Yin Rui , Guest Johnathan D. , Taherzadeh Ghazaleh , Gowthaman Ragul , Mittra Ipsa , Quackenbush Jane , Pierce Brian G.
Published: September 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlights the need for a detailed molecular understanding of protective antibody responses. This is underscored by the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Alpha (B.1.1.7) and Delta (B.1.617.2), some of which appear to be less effectively targeted by current monoclonal antibodies and vaccines. Here we report a high resolution and comprehensive map of antibody recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (RBD), which is the target of most neutralizing antibodies, using computational structural analysis. With a dataset of nonredundant experimentally determined antibody-RBD structures, we classified antibodies by RBD residue binding determinants using unsupervised clustering. We also identified the energetic and conservation features of epitope residues and assessed the capacity of viral variant mutations to disrupt antibody recognition, revealing sets of antibodies predicted to effectively target recently described viral variants. This detailed structure-based reference of antibody RBD recognition signatures can inform therapeutic and vaccine design strategies.
Characterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene
Authors: Leonardi Steven Santino , Li Feng-Jun , Chee Melissa Su-Juan , Yason John Anthony , Tay Hui Yi , Chen John Yu-Shen , Koh Eileen Yiling , He Cynthia Ying-Xin , Tan Kevin Shyong-Wei
Published: September 2021

In recent years, the human gut microbiome has been recognised to play a pivotal role in the health of the host. Intestinal homeostasis relies on this intricate and complex relationship between the gut microbiota and the human host. While much effort and attention has been placed on the characterization of the organisms that inhabit the gut microbiome, the complex molecular cross-talk between the microbiota could also exert an effect on gastrointestinal conditions. Blastocystis is a single-cell eukaryotic parasite of emerging interest, as its beneficial or pathogenic role in the microbiota has been a subject of contention even to-date. In this study, we assessed the function of the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene (BhTnaA), which was acquired by horizontal gene transfer and likely to be of bacterial origin within Blastocystis. Bioinformatic analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction revealed distinct divergence of BhTnaA versus known bacterial homologs. Despite sharing high homology with the E. coli tryptophanase gene, we show that Blastocystis does not readily convert tryptophan into indole. Instead, BhTnaA preferentially catalyzes the conversion of indole to tryptophan. We also show a direct link between E. coli and Blastocystis tryptophan metabolism: In the presence of E. coli, Blastocystis ST7 is less able to metabolise indole to tryptophan. This study examines the potential for functional variation in horizontally-acquired genes relative to their canonical counterparts, and identifies Blastocystis as a possible producer of tryptophan within the gut.
New records and modelling the impacts of climate change on the black-tailed marmosets
Authors: Gusmão Almério Câmara , Evangelista-Vale Jôine Cariele , Pires-Oliveira João Carlos , Barnett Adrian A. , da Silva Odair Diogo
Published: September 2021

Climate change represents an unprecedented threat to global biodiversity and, for many species, gaps in our knowledge of their biology remain acute. Gaps in baseline knowledge, such as confirmed identifications (Linnean shortfalls) and adequate collections (Wallacean shortfalls), need to be minimized with new studies, since this is often critical for effective conservation. Despite the increase in scientific research on primates in the southwest of the Brazilian Amazon, little is known about the speciesMico nigriceps(Ferrari & Lopes, 1992) Primates, Platirryni. In the current study, we sought to reduce the extent of the Wallacean shortfall forM.nigriceps, understand whether climate change represents a threat to the distribution of the species, and identify priority areas for its conservation. Accordingly, we provide 121 new records in 14 locations, obtained directly from the field, and five from the literature. Using this, we carried out ecological niche modeling, to better understand how environmental suitability might limit the area occupied by the species. We then projected a distribution for 2070 with the SSP2-4.5 (more optimistic) and SSP5-8.5 (more pessimistic) scenarios. Our data confirmed the geographic distribution of the species as being restricted to headwaters of the Ji-Paraná/Machado river, but with a 400 km extension to the south. Under the modeled climate change scenarios, the area suitable for the species declines by 21% under the most optimistic, and by 27% in the pessimistic, scenario across the projected 50-year period. Although we have expanded the area of known occurrence for this species, we point out that climate change threatens the stability of this newly-discovered population strongly, and that this danger is intensified by deforestation, fire and hunting. We recommend that further studies be carried out to confirm the presence of the species in adjacent areas, those indicated by generated models as being potential environmentally suitable. In addition, we recommend intensifying forest restoration in currently pastured areas, and protection of the areas forming the current and future habitat of this species through such measures as protected area creation.
Radiology- and gene-based risk stratification in small renal cell carcinoma: A preliminary study
Authors: Takao Seiichiro , Ushijima Yasuhiro , Motomura Yushi , Sakamoto Katsumi , Hirakawa Masakazu , Nishie Akihiro , Mimori Koshi , Yamashita Yasuo , Tsutsumi Takashi , Ishigami Kousei
Published: September 2021

Purpose

Most small renal cell carcinomas (small RCCs) will remain indolent after detection, but some stage I RCCs still metastasize. There are no risk-stratification imaging factors that could be used to identify poor-prognosis patients based on genomic profiling. Here, we evaluated the relationships between imaging parameters and RNA expressions in small RCC and attempted to identify imaging factors that could be used as effective biomarkers.

Methods

We acquired biopsy specimens of 18 clear cell carcinomas that had undergone perfusion CT (pCT) and MRI between April 2018 and March 2019. We performed RNA sequencing, assessed RNA expressions, and calculated each tumor’s cell-cycle progression (CCP) score, which has prognostic value in predicting metastatic progression. We classified the tumors into two groups: clear cell type A (ccA) and type B (ccB). CcA has better survival compared to ccB. We evaluated the following characteristics of each tumor: tumor size, presence of pseudocapsule, and fat. We used the pCT and MRI to measure each tumor’s volume transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (Kep), extracellular extravascular volume fraction (VE), fractional plasma volume (VP), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). The correlations between these small RCC imaging parameters and the tumor size and RNA expressions were determined.

Results

The tumor size was significantly correlated with Kep and inversely correlated with VE, VP, ADC, and hallmark angiogenesis. The CCP score was significantly inversely correlated with Ktrans and Kep. The ccA tumors tended to show a pseudocapsule on MRI.

Conclusion

Tumor size was correlated with low perfusion, but not with prognostic factors based on genomic profiling. Imaging parameters (e.g., Ktrans and Kep) and tumor characteristics (e.g., pseudocapsule) may enable gene-based risk stratification in small RCC.
Multistage BiCross encoder for multilingual access to COVID-19 health information
Authors: Singh Iknoor , Scarton Carolina , Bontcheva Kalina
Published: September 2021

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a rapidly growing ‘infodemic’ of health information online. This has motivated the need for accurate semantic search and retrieval of reliable COVID-19 information across millions of documents, in multiple languages. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel high precision and high recall neural Multistage BiCross encoder approach. It is a sequential three-stage ranking pipeline which uses the Okapi BM25 retrieval algorithm and transformer-based bi-encoder and cross-encoder to effectively rank the documents with respect to the given query. We present experimental results from our participation in the Multilingual Information Access (MLIA) shared task on COVID-19 multilingual semantic search. The independently evaluated MLIA results validate our approach and demonstrate that it outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches according to nearly all evaluation metrics in cases of both monolingual and bilingual runs.
Challenges and experiences in linking community level reported out-of-pocket health expenditures to health provider recorded health expenditures: Experience from the iHOPE project in Northern Ghana
Authors: Agorinya Isaiah Awintuen , Dalaba Maxwell , Mensah Nathan Kumasenu , Chatio Samuel Tamti , Le Lan My , Bacha Yadeta Dassie , Sumboh Jemima , Flores Gabriela , Edejer Tessa Tan-torres , Ross Amanda , Tediosi Fabrizio , Akazili James
Published: September 2021

Out of pocket health payment (OOPs) has been identified by the System of Health Accounts (SHA) as the largest source of health care financing in most low and middle-income countries. This means that most low and middle-income countries will rely on user fees and co-payments to generate revenue, rationalize the use of services, contain health systems costs or improve health system efficiency and service quality. However, the accurate measurement of OOPs has been challenged by several limitations which are attributed to both sampling and non-sampling errors when OOPs are estimated from household surveys, the primary source of information in LICs and LMICs. The incorrect measurement of OOP health payments can undermine the credibility of current health spending estimates, an otherwise important indicator for tracking UHC, hence there is the need to address these limitations and improve the measurement of OOPs. In an attempt to improve the measurement of OOPs in surveys, the INDEPTH-Network Household out-of-pocket expenditure project (iHOPE) developed new modules on household health utilization and expenditure by repurposing the existing Ghana Living Standards Survey instrument and validating these new tools with a ‘gold standard’ (provider data) with the aim of proposing alternative approaches capable of producing reliable data for estimating OOPs in the context of National Health Accounts and for the purpose of monitoring financial protection in health. This paper reports on the challenges and opportunities in using and linking household reported out-of-pocket health expenditures to their corresponding provider records for the purpose of validating household reported out-of-pocket health expenditure in the iHOPE project.
Cross-pollination affects fruit colour, acidity, firmness and shelf life of self-compatible strawberry
Authors: Dung Cao Dinh , Wallace Helen M. , Bai Shahla Hosseini , Ogbourne Steven M. , Trueman Stephen J.
Published: September 2021

Cross-pollination affects the fruit characteristics of many crops but the effects of cross-pollination on fruit quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) are poorly known. This study determined how cross-pollination affects fruit quality of the strawberry cultivar, Redlands Joy, under controlled environment conditions. Plants were allocated to one of four treatments, with all flowers on each plant receiving either: (1) unassisted self-pollination (Autogamy); (2) hand-pollination with Redlands Joy pollen (Self); (3) hand-pollination with cross-pollen from a small-fruited cultivar (Sugarbaby); or (4) hand-pollination with cross-pollen from a large-fruited cultivar (Rubygem). Cross-pollination did not significantly affect plant yield or fruit mass, size, shape, firmness or shelf life. However, cross-pollination affected fruit colour and taste attributes. Cross-pollinated fruit were 3%–5% darker than self-pollinated fruit. They also had 26%–34% lower acidity and 43%–58% higher Brix:acid ratio. Cross-pollination by Sugarbaby increased fruit P, K, Ca, Fe and Mn, but decreased B, Cu and Zn, concentrations. Cross-pollination by Rubygem increased fruit Mn, but decreased K and Na, concentrations and reduced shelf life. Fruit mass, length, diameter and firmness within all treatments increased with increasing numbers of fertilized seeds per fruit. Hand self-pollinated fruit had a higher percentage of fertilized seeds than fruit arising from autogamy and they were also darker, redder, firmer, and had a longer shelf life, higher protein concentration, and lower Al and Na concentrations. The results indicate that strawberry fruit quality can be affected by both the source of pollen and the number of stigmas pollinated.
Evaluating malformations of the lacrimal drainage system in brachycephalic dog breeds: A comparative computed tomography analysis
Authors: Sahr Sabine , Dietrich André , Oechtering Gerhard
Published: September 2021

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate and compare the anatomical features of the nasolacrimal drainage system (NDS) in three brachycephalic dog breeds with those of normocephalic dogs, taking into account how the NDS was related to the malformed brachycephalic head.

Animals

Fifty-one brachycephalic dogs were examined, comprising 23 Pugs, 18 French Bulldogs, and 10 English Bulldogs. Six normocephalic dogs of different breeds served as a comparison.

Methods

Computed tomographic dacryocystography was performed. Parameters such as length, angulation, and gradient were determined. Crossing of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD) beneath the maxillary canine root, as well as the incidence of an accessory opening, were also analyzed.

Results and conclusions

In all three brachycephalic breeds, the NDS was grossly malformed. We regard this as a further consequence of exaggerated breeding for a short head conformation. While the length of the NLD was substantially reduced by 41 to 57 percent in brachycephalic dogs, their lacrimal canaliculi were two to three times as long as those of normocephalic dogs. Varying parts of the nasolacrimal drainage system followed an inverse direction in short-headed dogs, giving the entire nasolacrimal apparatus an anomalous U- or V-shaped appearance. The NLD exhibited a three to five times steeper alignment in brachycephalic dogs than in normocephalic ones. Obviously, this strong slope did not cause clinical symptoms only because there was an aberrant outflow pathway. The brachycephalic dogs consistently exhibited an accessory opening, through which most of fluid escaped into the posterior nasal cavity instead of through the common route into the nasal vestibule via the nasolacrimal ostia.
Subjective well-being and month-long LF/HF ratio among deskworkers
Authors: Shiga Kiko , Izumi Keisuke , Minato Kazumichi , Sugio Tatsuki , Yoshimura Michitaka , Kitazawa Momoko , Hanashiro Sayaka , Cortright Kelley , Kurokawa Shunya , Momota Yuki , Sado Mitsuhiro , Maeno Takashi , Takebayashi Toru , Mimura Masaru , Kishimoto Taishiro
Published: September 2021

The importance of workers’ well-being has been recognized in recent years. The assessment of well-being has been subjective, and few studies have sought potential biomarkers of well-being to date. This study examined the relationship between well-being and the LF/HF ratio, an index of heart rate variability that reflects sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activity. Pulse waves were measured using photoplethysmography through a web camera attached to the computer used by each participant. The participants were asked to measure their pulse waves while working for 4 weeks, and well-being was assessed using self-reported measures such as the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the Flourishing Scale (FS). Each of the well-being scores were split into two groups according to the median value, and the LF/HF ratio during work, as well as the number of times an LF/HF ratio threshold was either exceeded or subceeded, were compared between the high and low SWLS, positive emotion, negative emotion, and FS groups. Furthermore, to examine the effects of the LF/HF ratio and demographic characteristics on well-being, a multiple regression analysis was conducted. Data were obtained from 169 participants. The results showed that the low FS group had a higher mean LF/HF ratio during work than the high FS group. No significant differences were seen between the high and low SWLS groups, the high and low positive emotion groups, or the high and low negative emotion groups. The multiple regression analysis showed that the mean LF/HF ratio during work affected the FS and SWLS scores, and the number of times the mean LF/HF ratio exceeded +3 SD had an effect on the positive emotion. No effect of the LF/HF ratio on negative emotions was shown. The LF/HF ratio might be applicable as an objective measure of well-being.
Documentary in the time of a thousand deaths: A despatch from the Philippines
Authors: Campos Patrick F.
Published: September 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines, people did not only contend with anxiety stirred up by being community quarantined. While virtually house arrested, concerned citizens have had to cope with and struggle against the government’s relentless authoritarian practices. In this context, the pandemic is a backdrop and a metaphor for a different upheaval.
Design de Serviços: Atividades e modelos
Authors: Silva Paula Alexandra
Published: September 2021

Este e-book reúne uma coleção de actividades práticas usualmente aplicadas ao longo do processo do design de serviços. Esta coleção de actividades foi compilada com o objectivo de conduzir os alunos ao longo de todo o processo de concepção de um serviço, desde a fase inicial de pesquisa exploratória até a fase do blueprint do serviço. Além de fornecer instruções passo a passo para cada atividade, o e-book apresenta aos alunos um conjunto de modelos digitais criados especificamente para dar suporte a cada uma das atividades descritas no e-book.
Az elengedett kéz dilemmája, avagy a vezetők kulturális lehetőségei a szolgáltató és közigazgatási szervezetekben
Authors: Heidrich Balázs , Somogyi Aliz
Published: September 2021

Jelen tanulmány célja, hogy arra a talán magától értetődő kérdésre adjon választ, „mennyiben és milyen működési és emberi tényezők mentén tér el a szolgáltató szervezetek vezetése és szervezeti kultúrája a termelő vállalatokétól?” A választ elméleti alapokon próbálják megadni a szerzők. Hipotézisük, mely szerint jól azonosítható jellemzők mentén jelentősen különbözik a szolgáltató vállalatok és szervezetek kultúrája a termelőkétől, nem újszerű, részletes tárgyalására mégsem könnyen bukkanhatunk a vonatkozó szakirodalomban. A tanulmány első részében a szolgáltató jelleg térhódítására, valamint az annak makrogazdasági hatásaként jelentkező szektorális elmosódásra világítanak rá. A tanulmány második része mikrogazdasági vetületben vizsgálja a szolgáltatások megváltozott jelentőségét a szervezeti kultúra dimenziójában. A vezetési szempontú megközelítésből következően elsősorban a humán tényező, a szervezeti tagok eltérő kezelésére és szerepére hívják fel a figyelmet. Vizsgálják a szervezeti kultúra alapját adó értékrend kiemelt szerepét, mely a szolgáltató szervezeteknél jóval erősebb szabályozó hatással bír, nemcsak informális szinten. Bemutatásra kerül egy lehetséges, értékrendalapú, szolgáltatás-vezetési modell. Végül az utóbbi évek kutatásának homlokterébe került Public Management irányzat és elméletrendszer ismertetése után megpróbálnak értékrendi sajátosságokat rögzíteni a közigazgatási szervezetekben, mint ugyancsak szolgáltató, mégis speciális funkciójú és létjogosultságú intézményekben.
Szervezetek jövőbeni fennmaradása különböző megközelítésekben
Authors: Kristóf Tamás
Published: September 2021

A tanulmány egy sajátos elméleti-metodológiai pluralizmus keretében igyekszik betekintést nyújtani a szervezetek fennmaradásával kapcsolatos legfontosabb megközelítésekbe. A változatos megközelítések sokoldalú úton világítanak rá a csődbe jutás okaira és folyamatára. A tanulmány nem foglal egyértelmű állást egyik megközelítés mellett sem, sokkal inkább törekszik a változatosság fenntartására és megértésére. Az elméleti megközelítések ismertetésén és elemzésén túlmenően a tanulmány kiemelt célja a csődelőrejelzés empirikus vizsgálatának támogatása.
Kultúraközi összehasonlító értékkutatás a becsületességről
Authors: Hofmeister Tóth Ágnes , Simányi Léna
Published: September 2021

A szerzők kutatása a nemzetközi összehasonlító értékkutatás azon új vonulatához kapcsolódik, mely az értékeknek az adott kultúrában való értelmezését kívánja vizsgálni. Jelen cikk beszámol a 2002/2003-ban magyar és görög közgazdasági egyetemi hallgatók körében folytatott mélyinterjús vizsgálat eredményeiről. A kutatás célja egyetlen érték, a becsületesség értelmezésében rejlő különbségek feltárása volt. Természetesen egyetlen érték vizsgálata alapján nem vonhatóak le következtetések a kultúrák közötti különbségekre vonatkozóan, ám az eredmények tájékozódási pontul szolgálhatnak a kvantitatív kutatások adatainak értelmezésében, árnyalhatják a kialakult képet.
Simulation of laser drilling of Inconel X-750 and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn sheets using COMSOL
Authors: Hanon Muammel M. , Taha Ziad A. , Zsidai László
Published: September 2021

The ability of COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2 software to carry out the simulation of laser drilling processes in Inconel X-750 and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn sheets was investigated in this study. A JK 701 pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used for drilling through the entire depth of Inconel X-750 and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn plates of 2 mm and 3 mm thicknesses using laser pulses of a millisecond in time. The laser parameters are varied in different combinations for well-controlled drilling through the entire thickness of the plates. Effects of laser peak power and pulse duration have been determined via the studying of the temperature distribution on the cross-section of the images taken in the simulation tests. Characterizing the optimum conditions obtained from the combination of parameters that improve hole quality is an essential aim in this paper. This work's outcomes might be helpful for researchers in terms of the optimum parameters proposed when studying the laser drilling of the mentioned alloys experimentally.
EU–UK institutional arrangements and Brexit: a view from Switzerland
Authors: Kaspiarovich Yuliya
Published: September 2021

In 1972 the UK signed an accession treaty with the EU while Switzerland and the EU concluded a free trade agreement. Nowadays, both countries have a very close relationship with the EU and are not (or not anymore) EU Member States. This article aims to analyse two complex legal paths taken by countries able but not willing (or no longer willing) to be part of the EU through institutional arrangements they have already negotiated or are currently negotiating with the EU. On the one hand, the UK was part of the EU legal order and is now extracting itself from the realm of EU law while switching to relations with the EU based on international law. On the other hand, Switzerland has built its relations with the EU on numerous bilateral agreements based on EU law without establishing a homogeneous institutional mechanism, which the EU has been insistently demanding since 2013. These two situations are paradoxically similar as for both of them the design of institutional arrangements depends on the degree of integration with/extraction from EU law. A comparison between the EU–UK withdrawal agreement, the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) and the EU–Switzerland draft institutional agreement, as proposed in this article, confirms that the degree of institutional flexibility that the EU is able to offer to a third country with which it concludes an agreement is dependent on whether that agreement is based on EU law, and in particular, EU internal market law. This article argues that depending on the nature of law the agreement is based on, from an EU perspective variations in the role of Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and/or of an arbitral tribunal may make sense, but this is not the case when one takes an outside perspective.
The decolonial turn: reference lists in PhD theses as markers of theoretical shift/stasis in media and journalism studies at selected South African universities
Authors: Mugari Zvenyika Eckson
Published: September 2021

The supervision and production of a PhD thesis often presents a potentially interesting tension between PhDs as conforming to disciplinary epistemologies and PhDs as breaking epistemological boundaries. No academic discipline has been left untouched by decolonial thinking in the South African university space since the eruption of radicalized student protest movements in 2015. The Rhodes Must Fall student protest movement, which quickly morphed into Fees Must Fall, precipitated a new urgency to decolonize the university curriculum in post-apartheid South Africa. A new interdisciplinary conversation in the humanities and social sciences began to emerge which challenged established orthodoxies in favour of de-Westernizing, decolonizing and re-mooring epistemological and pedagogic practices away from Eurocentrism. Whether and how that theoretical ferment filtered into postgraduate students’ theses, however, remains to be established. This article deploys a decolonial theoretical framework to explore the tension between epistemic conformity and boundary transgressing in journalism studies by analysing reference lists of PhD theses submitted at three South African Universities three years after the protest movement Rhodes Must Fall. With specific focus on media and journalism studies as a discipline, this article argues that the PhD process represents a site for potential epistemic disobedience and disciplinary border-jumping, and for challenging the canonical insularity of Western theory in journalism studies. The findings appear to disconfirm the thesis that decolonial rhetoric has had a material influence so far on the media studies curriculum, as reflected in reference lists of cited works in their dissertations.
The effect of frequency in the electrical stimulation of chondrocytes
Authors: Vaca González Juan Jairo , Escobar Huertas Juan Felipe , Garzón Alvarado Diego Alexander
Published: September 2021

Electrical stimulation is a non-invasive therapy used to stimulate chondrocyte dynamics: proliferation, migration, morphology and molecular synthesis. Some studies have evidenced the role of frequency in the generation of electric fields; however, the electrical stimulation sensed by chondrocytes when the frequency varies is not well-documented. Accordingly, a computational model was implemented to assess the frequency dependence of electric fields that stimulate chondrocytes. Cells were modelled in three different scenarios: monolayer cultures, cartilage explants and scaffolds. Chondrocytes were stimulated with 100 Vp-p at frequencies of 0.001, 1, 10, 50, 100 and 1000 kHz. Results showed that frequency is a relevant factor when considering the stimulation of biological samples, since electric fields increased as frequencies were higher. Moreover, chondrocytes experienced different electric fields in both cytoplasm and extracellular environment. This model provides relevant information about the electrical parameters to stimulate cells; in fact, it could enhance experimental procedures, predicting the stimulation that improves chondrocyte dynamics. Electric fields are a promising tool to maintain either well-structured chondrocytes or biomimetic materials used in regenerative therapies such as autologous implantation to treat hyaline cartilage injuries.
Navegación de robots móviles en formación de convoy
Authors: Ramirez Peña Brayan Humberto , Infante Moreno Wilson
Published: September 2021

Se presenta la navegación para un convoy conformado por tres robots tipo lego, el cual alcanza un punto final establecido por medio de la cinemática del robot maestro que puede mantener una comunicación bluetooth, conociendo la cantidad de robots (esclavos) en la formación, que pueden incorporarse antes del recorrido o abandonar la formación durante el mismo.

El convoy evade un obstáculo el cual pude estar en diferentes coordenadas de la ruta establecida por el robot maestro. se estableció una comunicación infrarroja para la formación del convoy conservando unas distancias mínimas y máximas entre los integrantes de la formación. Los resultados obtenidos ofrecen un mínimo error en la consecución del punto final y se conforma la formación durante los diferentes desplazamientos realizados en un ambiente controlado.
Smart cities in collaboration with the internet of things
Authors: González Bustamante Ricardo Alirio , Ferro Escobar Roberto , Vacca González Harold
Published: September 2021

The use of the Internet has Reached a point in the world in Which it has Become essential in everyday life, the need to Have information at hand in the shortest possible time has generated a technological revolution That incurs the constant connection to this tool, from our Personal life to the same objects That we use in daily life, creating a need to check what surrounds us to Improve our quality of life, reason for the birth of the Internet of Things (IoT, for acronym in English), as well as the convergence of our environment through the creation with Technology of smart cities (Smart City in English). In view of the above, this article addresses concepts about the future of smart cities in collaboration with the Internet of things, the advantages and Disadvantages of these, their comparison, reception, adaptability.
Martha C. Nussbaum. The Monarchy of Fear, A philosophical look at the current political crisis. Bogotá: Editorial Planeta Colombia, 2019
Authors: López González Rosendo , Ramírez-Valencia Astrid
Published: September 2021

Martha C. Nussbaum. The Monarchy of Fear, A philosophical look at the current political crisis. Bogotá: Editorial Planeta Colombia, 2019, 303 Pages
Editorial - Vol. 14 - No. 2
Authors: Vacca-González Harols
Published: September 2021

Editorial - Vol. 14 - No. 1
Focused Vibrotactile Stimulation with Cueing Effect on Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease: Two Case Reports
Authors: Tan Xiu Sheng , Pierres Floyd , Dallman-Porter Alex , Hardie-Brown William , Kwon Kyum-Yil
Published: September 2021

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common occurrence in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) that leads to significant limitations in mobility and increases risk of falls. Focused vibrotactile stimulation and cueing are two methods used to alleviate motor symptoms, including FOG, in patients with PD. While effective on their own, the effect of combining both focused vibrotactile stimulation and cueing has yet to be investigated. Two patients, both with a history of PD, suffered from frequent FOG episodes that failed to respond adequately to medication. A novel vibrotactile stimulation device that delivered rhythmic kinesthetic stimuli onto the sternum successfully reduced FOG episodes in both patients and drastically improved their mobility as measured by the Timed Up and Go test. We found that a combination of focused vibrotactile stimulation and cueing was effective in reducing FOG episodes in two patients with PD. Further well-designed prospective studies are needed to confirm our observations.
Estimates of heat kernels of non-symmetric Lévy processes
Authors: Grzywny Tomasz , Szczypkowski Karol
Published: September 2021

We investigate densities of vaguely continuous convolution semigroups
of probability measures on

ℝ
d

{{\mathbb{R}^{d}}}

.
First, we provide results that give upper estimates
in a situation when the corresponding jump measure is allowed to be highly non-symmetric.
Further, we prove upper estimates of the density and its derivatives if the jump measure compares
with an isotropic unimodal measure and the characteristic exponent satisfies a certain scaling condition.
Lower estimates are discussed in view of a recent development in that direction,
and in such a way to complement upper estimates.
We apply all those results to establish precise estimates of densities of non-symmetric Lévy processes.
LS-category of moment-angle manifolds and higher order Massey products
Authors: Beben Piotr , Grbić Jelena
Published: September 2021

Using the combinatorics of the underlying simplicial complex K, we give various upper and lower bounds for the Lusternik–Schnirelmann (LS) category of moment-angle complexes

𝒵
K

{\mathcal{Z}_{K}}

. We describe families of simplicial complexes and combinatorial operations which allow for a systematic description of the LS-category. In particular, we characterize the LS-category of moment-angle complexes

𝒵
K

{\mathcal{Z}_{K}}

over triangulated d-manifolds K for

d
≤
2

{d\leq 2}

,
as well as higher-dimensional spheres built up via connected sum, join, and vertex doubling operations.
We show that the LS-category closely relates to vanishing of Massey products in

H
*

⁢

(

𝒵
K

)

{H^{*}(\mathcal{Z}_{K})}

, and through this connection we describe first structural properties of Massey products in moment-angle manifolds.
Some of the further applications include calculations of the LS-category and the description of conditions for vanishing of Massey products for moment-angle manifolds over fullerenes, Pogorelov polytopes and k-neighborly complexes, which double as important examples of hyperbolic manifolds.
Die Bilder der Einbildungskraft. Beobachtungen zu einem Begriffszusammenhang um 1800
Authors: Kuhlmann Hauke
Published: September 2021

This paper asks how ‚image‘ (Bild) and ‚imagination‘ (Einbildungskraft) relate to each other. The first part deals with important aspects such as ‚visuality‘, ‚reference‘, ‚order‘, ‚mediation‘ and ‚constructivity‘. The connection between ‚image‘ and ‚imagination‘ is then explored in texts on metaphysics and aesthetics by Christian Gottfried Bardili and Wilhelm Traugott Krug. With his ‚Law of Complementation‘, Bardili offers a solution to the problem of the mediation of the senses and the intellect. For Krug, ‚image‘ is a modality in which imagination in the field of art proceeds with the aim of creating order and unity in diversity.
How to embrace variation and accept uncertainty in linguistic and psycholinguistic data analysis
Authors: Vasishth Shravan , Gelman Andrew
Published: September 2021

The use of statistical inference in linguistics and related areas like psychology typically involves a binary decision: either reject or accept some null hypothesis using statistical significance testing. When statistical power is low, this frequentist data-analytic approach breaks down: null results are uninformative, and effect size estimates associated with significant results are overestimated. Using an example from psycholinguistics, several alternative approaches are demonstrated for reporting inconsistencies between the data and a theoretical prediction. The key here is to focus on committing to a falsifiable prediction, on quantifying uncertainty statistically, and learning to accept the fact that – in almost all practical data analysis situations – we can only draw uncertain conclusions from data, regardless of whether we manage to obtain statistical significance or not. A focus on uncertainty quantification is likely to lead to fewer excessively bold claims that, on closer investigation, may turn out to be not supported by the data.
Nietzsche’s Heraclitean Doctrine of the Eternal Recurrence of the Same
Authors: Loeb Paul S.
Published: September 2021

There is a long and successful scholarly tradition of commenting on Nietzsche’s deep affinity for the philosophy of Heraclitus. But scholars remain puzzled as to why he suggested at the end of his career, in Ecce Homo, that the doctrine he valued most, the eternal recurrence of the same, might also have been taught by Heraclitus. This essay aims to answer this question through a close examination of Nietzsche’s allusions to Heraclitus in his first published mention of eternal recurrence in The Joyful Science and in a related set of notes from the period when he was formulating and defending his doctrine of eternal recurrence while writing Thus Spoke Zarathustra. The key to answering this question, it is argued, is that Nietzsche came to believe that the doctrine of eternal recurrence, when properly understood as requiring identical repetition, has to presuppose a Heraclitean reality of eternal, absolute, and universal flux.
Caputo’s notion of insistence as an instance of existence
Authors: Huiser Pieter J. , Benjamins Rick
Published: September 2021

In a relational epistemology and ontology, we are allowed to speak freely about the existence of atoms, chairs, love, and God, on the condition that we are prepared to give an account of the relations we have to them. At first sight, Caputo seems to endorse such a relational view. When it comes to concepts like democracy, hospitability, justice, and God, though, Caputo argues that the relations we have to the realities to which these concepts refer inhibit us to speak of their existence. They are events which insist, but do not exist. In this article, it is argued that the differences between the relations of human beings to existing X’s and the relations of human beings to insisting X’s are not as fundamental as to make a distinction in principle between insistence and existence. In our relational view, insistence is a particular instance of existence.
Sulfonated β-cyclodextrins: efficient supramolecular organocatalysts for diverse organic transformations
Authors: Banerjee Bubun , Priya Anu , Sharma Aditi , Kaur Gurpreet , Kaur Manmeet
Published: September 2021

The present review summarizes various organic transformations carried out by using sulfonated β-cyclodextrins such as β-cyclodextrin sulfonic acid, β-cyclodextrin propyl sulfonic acid, and β-cyclodextrin butyl sulfonic acid as an efficient, supramolecular reusable catalyst under diverse reaction conditions.
Akzeptanz und Mitgefühl. Den Umgang mit dem Unveränderlichen begleiten
Authors: Berthold Daniel , Müller Heidi , Stingl Markus , Dumitrascu Rio , Sibelius Ulf
Published: September 2021

In der Palliativversorgung stehen Behandelnde häufig vor der Aufgabe, Patientinnen und Patienten im Umgang mit dem Unveränderlichen zu begleiten. In diesen Fällen kann es Behandlungsziel sein, diese bei der Entwicklung von ‚Akzeptanz‘ bestmöglich zu unterstützen. Damit stellt sich die Frage, ob sich dieser Prozess therapeutisch begünstigen lässt. Anhand zweier interaktioneller Theorien – der ‚Transaktionsanalyse‘ und des ‚Containings‘ – wird herausgearbeitet, dass Mitgefühl in diesem Zusammenhang eine tragende Rolle einnimmt. Schließlich wird verdeutlicht, inwiefern das spirituelle Vertrauen der Behandelnden eine wichtige therapeutische Voraussetzung gerade für die Arbeit mit Sterbenden darstellt.