bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Screening for Sarcopenia - Performance of SARC-F and SARC-CalF in Older Adults from Northern Brazil
Authors: de Lima Alex Barreto , Ribeiro Gustavo dos Santos , Henriques-Neto Duarte , Gouveia Élvio Rúbio , Baptista Fátima
Published: December 2022

Background: To analyze the performance of SARC-F and SARC-CalF as screening tools for sarcopenia.
Methods: The sample included 312 older people community-dwelling. Sarcopenia was defined as low handgrip strength (HGS) or low gait speed (GS≤0.8m/s). HGS was measured by dynamometry and GS by the 4-meter walking speed test. For HGS, the following criteria (C) were used to identify sarcopenia in men/women: CI: <27kg/16kg; CII: <35.5kg/20.0kg; CIII: grip over body mass index <1.05/<0.79; CIV: grip strength over total body fat <1.66/<0.65; CV: grip over bodyweight <0.45/<0.34. For sarcopenia screening, the SARC-F (≥4 points) and the SARC-Calf, (≥11 points) were used.
Results: Sarcopenia was identified by SARC-F in 12.5% of men and 21.0% of women and by SARC-Calf in 27.7% of men and 40.0% of women. Taking GS and HGS as references, sarcopenia ranged between 15.2% (GS) and 75.0% (CII) for men and 27% (GS) and 66% (CIII) for women. The Kappa analysis revealed no agreement between the SARC-F and the various criteria for the identification of sarcopenia in men. The same lack of agreement was observed in women with some exceptions: CI=0.161±0.074; p=0.020; GS=0.209±0.076; p=0.003. Concerning the Cohen´s kappa between the SARC-Calf and the reference criteria of sarcopenia, the following coefficients were observed as significant for women: CI=0.201±0,069 p=0.003; CII=0.186±0,064 p=0.005; GS=0.273±0.068 p=0.0001; and for men: CII=0.139±0.053 p=0.021; GS=0.223±0.099 p=0.011. ROC curves revealed the SARC-Calf with acceptable discrimination and reasonable sarcopenia predictive capacity considering a cutoff value of 10.5 in both men (AUC:67.5%; p=0.022; Se=52.9%; Sp=76.8%) and women (AUC:72.4%; p<0.001; Se=63%; Sp=68.5%) with reference to GS.
Conclusions: The SARC-Calf showed greater performance than the SARC-F for screen-ing sarcopenia in the population ≥ 60 years of age in the Amazonas, measured through walking slowness
Effectiveness Analysis of Reconstruction of Absence of Abdominal Wall With Multi-Layer Tissue Flaps in Adult Bladder Exstrophy
Authors: Azhati Baihetiya , Dilixiati Diliyaer , Reheman Aerziguli , Yang YU
Published: December 2022

Objective
To investigate and analyze the feasibility and clinical effect of multi-layer reconstruction of absence of abdominal wall of adult bladder exstrophy with flaps, and to provide a reference method for clinical treatment of similar problems.
Methods
To summarize 12 adult patients with congenital Classic bladder exstrophy were initial treatment from June 2013 to January 2020, all abdominal wall defect were treated with multi-layer reconstruction of the shallow flap pedicled by the deep abdominal fascia and the deep joint aponeurosis flap composed by anterior sheath of rectus abdominis - aponeurosis of external oblique. The area of transferred flap was (9 cm×11 cm) to (13 cm×15 cm).
Results
Abdominal wall reconstruction of 12 cases cured well with sufficient strength and satisfactory appearance recovery.
Conclusion
The multi-layer reconstruction of absence of abdominal wall of congenital classic bladder exstrophy in adults by multiple flaps could get satisfactory appearance, sufficient strength and reliable effect in initial treatment.
Morpho-anatomy and histochemistry of European mistletoe (Viscum album L. subsp. album), a semi-parasite growing on Malus domestica
Authors: de Almeida Valter Paes , Monchak Irailson Thierry , Batista João Vitor da Costa , Grazi Mirio , Ramm Hartmut , Raman Vijayasankar , Baumgartner Stephan , Holandino Carla , Manfron Jane
Published: December 2022

This paper provides detailed morpho-anatomical characteristics of the leaves, stems and berries ofViscum albumL. subsp.album(Santalaceae) growing on the branches ofMalus domestica.Additionally, microchemical analyses of all tissues and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy(EDS) analyses of the calcium oxalate crystals are provided for the first time. The plant grows as a semi-parasite on the branches of host trees and shrubs; it develops as dichasium with pseudo-dichotomous branching stems and well-developed green leaves with parallel veins; the dioecious inflorescences usually consist of three flowers, with female flowers generating white fleshy berries, in which a seed is embedded in the mucilaginous mesocarp, normally containing two embryos. The analyzed leaves were isobilateral, amphistomatic, and showed straight anticlinal epidermal cell walls, thick cuticles with epicuticular wax crystalloids, and paracytic stomata. The midrib is flat on both sides and has a single vascular bundle, whereas the petiole is concave-convex in shape and contains five bundles. The stems show a primary structure with a ring of nine vascular bundles enclosing the pith. Calcium oxalate druses and cubic and quadrangular prisms were observed in different parts of the plant. The microscopic features of the tissues and structures are illustrated with light and scanning electron micrographs.
Hybrid FGO to composite energetic materials and its “intelligent” responses to thermal stimulus
Authors: Xie Liangjun , Ren Hui , Liu Jie , Jiao Qingjie
Published: December 2022

Fluorinated graphene (FGO) was a two-dimensional layered compound with thermal conductivity and hydrophobicity, Different percentage of FGO (1.00 wt.%, 3.00 wt.%, 5.00 wt.%) was added to the composite energetic system boron/potassium nitrate (B/KNO3). Through elemental analysis (EA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the results show that with the increase of fluorination degree, the stretching vibration peak of C-F bond was more obvious, and the contents of fluorocarbon functional groups, especially C-F2 rise. The results of synchronous thermal analysis and mass spectrometry (DSC-TG-MS) showed that the initial decomposition temperature of fluorinated graphene was around 400 ℃, the enthalpy value was about 7279 J/g− 1, and a large number of fluorine-containing gas products arising therefrom. The effect of fluorinated graphene on the thermal decomposition performance of energetic system was analyzed by DSC-MS. The results show that fluorinated graphene delayed initial exothermic peak temperature of B/KNO3 system, and promoted subsequent exothermic reaction. The service performances of B/KNO3 composites were compared with or without FGO. While adding fluorinated graphene, the moisture resistance and thermal conductivity of the B/KNO3 composites was improved, flame sensitivity was reduced, thermal safety waas improved, gaseous products and combustion heat were increased, flame duration was prolonged, and the ignition delay period was shortened. It was implied that the present of FGO made the composite energetic materials safer under lower heat and more reliable under high heat. FGO played a role of intelligent regulation and smart responds to different thermal stimuli.
Prevalnce of Smoking, Alcohol Consumtion, and Drug Abuse in Iranian adults: Results of Azar Cohort Study
Authors: Naghizadeh Sahar , Faramarzi Elnaz , Akbari Hossein , Jafari Nasrin , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Mohammadpoorasl Asghar
Published: December 2022

Background
As one of the world's most serious health concerns, substance abuse has major health impacts on addicts, their families and society, as a whole. The aim of the present study was to provide evidence with detailed prevalence estimates of smoking, alcohol consumption and drug abuse among the respondents of Azar cohort study, in Tabriz, Iran.
Methods
The Azar cohort study is a part of PERSIAN cohort study, aimed to examine the risk factors of common non-communicable diseases among Iranian adults. The data on 15006 subjects with 35 to 70 years of age including tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and drug abuse and socio-demographic characteristics were analyzed. Due to the difference in the number of male and female samples, the prevalence of substance abuse for the entire sample was calculated using the direct standardization method, with a 95% confidence interval.
Results
Totally, 9.3% and 6.2% of the participants were regular cigarette smoker and heavy cigarette smoker, respectively. Also, 1.9% and 2.1% of participants were illicit drug user and alcohol drinker, respectively. Substance abuse were more prevalent among males, compared to females. There were significant differences between substance abuse, age and socio-economic variables. Also, there were strong associations between the mentioned three substance abuse behaviors.
Conclusion
Demographic and socio-economic status were contributed to smoking, alcohol consumption and drug abuse. Therefore, high-risk groups should be taken into account while designing substance abuse prevention programs. We also identified associations between the three risky behaviors, which shows the emergency of need for intervention on the group that has the three risky behaviors, simultaneously.
The influence of time domain on flood season segmentation by the Fisher optimal partition method
Authors: Li yanbin , li yubo , feng kai
Published: December 2022

Setting the staged flood limit water level (FLWL) through flood season staging is an important means of fully utilizing reservoir flood resources. The Fisher optimal partition method has been widely used to determine the optimal staging of a flood season. It requires a certain time-domain as the basic unit. This study aimed to analyze the influence of various selected time-domain units on the staging results and to provide a scientific time-domain selection basis for the application of the method in flood season staging. Flood season staging was conducted by taking four specific time-domains: 5, 7, 10, and 15 days as the basic units. The rationality of the flood season staging scheme was tested using the improved Cunderlik method, and the influence of specific time-domains as the basic units in the Fisher optimal partition method on the staging results was evaluated. The results showed the highest relative superiority of 0.9681 for the time-domain unit of 5 d. Therefore, it is recommended that 5 d be used as the time-domain unit. The optimal staging result was determined as June 20 for the first segmentation point and August 20 for the second. According to the results of the staged FLWL compared with a single fixed FLWL, the water level was raised by 5.2 m in the pre-flood season, 0.3 m in the main-flood season, and 3.7 m in the post-flood season. Water storage increased by 24.628 million m³ during the flood season, effectively alleviating the contradiction between water supply and storage.
Analysis of wetland ecosystem service value change and its driving forces in Haikou, China
Authors: Yang Xing , Qiu Penghua , Zhong Cairong , Fang Zanshan , Cheng Cheng , Lv Xiaobo
Published: December 2022

The development of society and changes of natural conditions have caused a serious loss of wetlands in Haikou. Evaluation of wetland ecosystem service value (ESV) and determining its drivers are important for sustainable development, which can provide a reference for the scientific basis of wetland protection and management. Based on the land use data of Haikou city from 1959 to 2018, the ESV of wetlands in Haikou were calculated by equivalent factor method, and the correlation analysis, principal component analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis were used to identify the main factors affecting the ESV change of Haikou wetland and the spatial change of its ESV. The results indicated that: (1) From 1959 to 2018, the area of wetlands was reduced by 19,704.36 ha, with the loss rate of 21.86%. (2) The wetlands ESV decreased from 57.57 to 53.15×108 yuan, and the regulation services with the highest contribution of 60.18% to 61.53%. (3) Socio-economic development (land use degree, GDP, population, aquaculture output), with the contributing of 37.49%, is the main driving factor of wetland change in Haikou city. Followed by the climate factors (precipitation, water pressure and relative humidity) provide a contribution of 23.06%, and the contribution of agricultural factors (grain output, aquaculture area and farmland area) was 11.25%. (4) High-intensity development and utilization and population clusters in built-up areas and coastal areas are responsible for its worst loss of wetland ESV.
A Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Approach to Computing “Fingerprints” in Spectra of Nuclear Materials
Authors: Antici Jacob
Published: December 2022

In nuclear reactors, it is essential to track and predict the amount and type of plutonium present in order to prevent build-ups that can lead to nuclear meltdowns. When different wavelengths (from 0-1650) are run through 110 separate nitric acid solutions for ten repetitions each the resulting data matrix is 1650 x 1100. To predict the plutonium present and the nitric acid used the dimensions of the matrix must first be reduced. In this paper, we proposed a novel application to reduce the dimensions using a Non-Negative Matrix Factorization. The method currently used to reduce the dimensions is Principal Component Analysis. However, when dealing with a potentially catastrophic element multiple reduction techniques should be implored to check the prediction. In this research, the first attempt to reduce the dimensions of plutonium data using a non-negative matrix factorization approach was utilized. The results proved to be more explainable and often more accurate than principal component analysis showing that if implored instead of PCA, or in addition to PCA, this novel NMF approach can help prevent nuclear meltdowns. Additionally this article is aided with a novel supplemental proof conveying that minimizing reconstruction error is equivalent to maximizing variance in principal component analysis.
Sparse norm and Cross-gradient inversions of gravity and magnetic data sets utilizing open-source resources in Python Case study: Hematite ore body in Jalal Abad area (Iran)
Authors: Ardestani Vahid E.
Published: December 2022

The gravity and the magnetic data sets are utilized to model the Hematite ore body.
The cross-gradient joint inversion is used to invert the data sets simultaneously.
To discretize the model space, the advanced meshing algorithm (Octree mesh) has been
applied.
The sparse norm and cross-gradient inversion modules in Python, accessible through Simulation and Parameter Estimation in Geophysics (SimPEG, version 0.17.0) website, have been applied to the inversion process. The sparse norm inversions do not provide reasonable results, particularly for the gravity data set. The estimated density contrasts through the inversion process are very low and unrealistic and on the other hand, the north-south cross sections do not represent a real image from the subsurface sources.
The magnetic modeling results obtained through sparse norm inversion also show unrealistic characters, particularly for the 3-dimensional figure of the subsurface anomaly.
The cross-gradient inversion acts quite successfully for both gravity and magnetic models despite of high noise level in gravity data and the weak signal of magnetic data.
Carbon trade-off with crop and water productivity in intensive rice-based cropping system in Eastern India
Authors: Behera Stuti D , Garnayak Lalita Mohan , Behera Basudev , Sarangi Sukanta Kumar , Jena Jagadish , Behera Swosti D , Dwibedi Sanat Kumar
Published: December 2022

To achieve sustainable crop and water productivity, carbon efficiency of rice-toria-sweet corn system by the synergies of nutrient management, rice variety and establishment method oftoriaand sweet corn, a field experiment was conducted during 2018-19 and 2019-20 at Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The treatments comprising of three nutrient management [N1: 100% Soil Test Based Nitrogen Recommendation (STBNR), N2: 75% STBNR +in situgreen manuring ofDhaincha(GM) and N3: 50% STBNR + GM in rice, two rice varieties (V1: ‘Manaswini’ of 130 d duration and V2: ‘Hasanta’ of 145 d duration) and three crop establishment methods intoria viz., E1: Zero Till-Flat Bed (ZT-FB), E2: Conventional Till-Flat Bed (CT-FB) and E3: Conventional Till-Furrow Irrigated Raised Bed (CT-FIRB) were tried in split plot design with four replications. Sweet corn was grown aftertoriafollowing the same lay out. Application of 75% STBNR+GM proved to be the best with the maximum system rice equivalent yield (REY) of 21.10 t ha-1, input water productivity (IWP) of 0.44 kg REY ha-mm-1, C output of 14,484 kg ha-1, carbon efficiency (CE) of 8.58 and carbon sustainability index (CSI) of 7.58. ‘Manaswini’ rice-based system registered 4% higher REY as compared to ‘Hasanta’ rice-based system, but both systems were at par for IWP, carbon output, CE and CSI. System involving CT-FIRB recorded the maximum REY, IWP and carbon output, registering marginally higher values than ZT-FB and significantly higher value than CT-FB. Both CT-FIRB and ZT-FB were at par for CE and CSI.
Missed clinic visits in youth living with HIV in Alabama: A Cohort Study
Authors: Hao Jiaying , Long Dustin M. , Relyea-Ashley Heather M. , Budhwani Henna , Simpson Tina Y. , Hill Samantha V.
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Missed visits are associated with poorer treatment and health outcomes among people living with HIV (PLWH). Studies have found that demographic factors and viral suppression are associated with missed visits. However, gaps in knowledge remain related to how missed visits may affect youth living with HIV (YLWH), a vulnerable subpopulation.
Methods: In this exploratory study, we examined data from an Alabama academic Ryan White funded HIV clinic to assess correlations of missed visits among young clients (ages 16 to 24). Ninety-six YLWH seen between March 1, 2020 to August 31, 2021 were included. Chi-square test was used to establish the association between missed visits and treatment outcomes. Unadjusted binary logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the factors associated with missed visits.
Results: Fifty youth clients (46.88%) had at least one missed visit. Missed visits were associated with one negative treatment outcome: YLWH with missed visits had more viral load rebound (p=0.04). We also found that identifying as a cisgender male (OR=3.35, 95% CI: 1.10-10.20) and being virally suppressed at the index visit (OR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.18-0.94) were associated with missed visits among YLWH.
Conclusion: Missed visits is an important indicator of retention in HIV care for youth. More research is needed to elucidate risk factors associated with missed visits in YLWH in order to better inform intervention development and improve retention in care for youth.
Clinical Trial Information Extraction with BERT
Authors: Liu Xiong , Hersch Greg L. , Khalil Iya , Devarakonda Murthy
Published: December 2022

Background

Clinical trials are the gateway to new treatments. Clinical trial designs are documented in unstructured text and insights from natural language processing (NLP) of the documents can be useful in new trial design. Here we identify entity and relation types relevant to clinical trial design and propose a framework called CT-BERT to extract entities and relations from the clinical trial documents.

Methods

CT-BERT uses BERT models for named entity recognition (NER) and a hybrid approach for relation extraction including rule-based and machine learning-based models. We trained NER models to extract eligibility criteria entities by fine-tuning a set of pre-trained BERT models, including BERT, BioBERT, ClinicalBERT and BlueBERT. We then developed a rule-based relation extraction model to extract relations based on the NER results. For comparison, we also trained machine learning models using BERT to classify entity pairs into relation types. We compared the performance of CT-BERT with recent baseline methods including attention-based BiLSTM (Att-BiLSTM) and Criteria2Query.

Results

The NER training result shows that BioBERT large fine-tuned on clinical trials data achieves the best F1 score and is thus selected as the optimal NER model for CT-BERT. The result on a benchmark dataset showed that CT-BERT NER outperforms Att-BiLSTM and Criteria2Query. CT-BERT NER achieves 0.844 F1, while Att-BiLSTM and Criteria2Query achieve 0.802 F1 and 0.804 F1, respectively. For relation extraction, the CT-BERT rule-based model achieves 0.870 F1, while the equivalent model in Criteria2Query only achieves 0.793 F1. The CT-BERT rule-based model also outperforms the machine learning models trained on a curated relation data set. This suggests the advantage of the rule-based method in relation extraction.

Conclusions

The NER and relation extraction results demonstrate the effectiveness of CT-BERT for clinical trial information extraction. These results form the foundation for advancing clinical trials NLP towards AI-enhanced clinical trial design.
Investigation of antimicrobial peptide activity against amastigote forms of Leishmania major
Authors: roshan mojtaba esmailpour
Published: December 2022

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major is the most common type of disease in Iran. Conventional anticoagulants have been used in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis for a long time, but drug resistance and some serious side effects have been reported. Therefore, the discovery and development of new therapeutic candidates is needed. Peptide CM11 is one of these peptides whose antibacterial activity has been proven. This peptide is a short cecropin-melittin hybrid peptide obtained through a hybrid sequencing method. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-leishmanial activity of CM11 platelets against amastigote forms of Leishmania major. In this research, amastigote forms of Iranian garlic L. major (MRHO / IR / 75 / ER) were cultured in the presence of different molar concentrations of methylantimony (glucanthium) to find the most suitable concentration of glucanthium in comparison with L. major amastigotes, then the anti-leishmania activity Different concentrations of CM11 peptide (8, 16, 32 and 64 µM) for 24, 48 and 72 hours were examined by DAPI staining. In addition, MTT was used to determine the cytotoxic effects of CM11 peptide on mouse fibroblast cells. The results showed that CM11 peptide has an antimicrobial effect against the Iranian isolate of L. major in laboratory conditions. CM11 peptide seems to have significant potential as a new anti-leishmanial agent.
„Wie sollen wir weiterspielen?“
Authors: Hussain Sophia
Published: December 2022

Das Projekt Escape the Room 2.0 – Unlearn racism, verlerne Diskriminierung und Vorurteile fand als digitales Real-Life Game zum Thema Diskrimierungserfahrungen im Alltag von Jugendlichen im Rahmen des KRASS Kultur Crash Festivals auf Kampnagel statt. Der Artikel lässt die Leser:innen selbst an die Stelle der Entscheidungstragenden im Produktionsteam treten und aktiv Szenarien durchspielen, die im Umgang mit Besetzungs- und Inszenierungsfragen in der Theaterarbeit auftauchten.
Auftritte des ,Selbst‘
Authors: Groll Mirjam
Published: December 2022

Durch Auftritte, die biographische Bezüge zu den Auftretenden suggerieren, findet auf der Bühne ein Verhandeln von „Echtheit“ und „Authentizität“ der Darstellung sowie der Darstellenden selbst statt. Der Artikel untersucht anhand von Rimini Protokolls Wallenstein-Inszenierung und Renè Polleschs Probleme Probleme Probleme die Figurationen und (Un-)Möglichkeiten der Selbstauftritte und befragt hierfür den Begriff der Autofiktion als Analysekategorie für das Auftreten unter Eigenname im Theater.
Der gestreamte Auftritt
Authors: Funke Tobias
Published: December 2022

Zu Beginn der Pandemie mussten die Theater in Deutschland auf das Streaming von Aufzeichnungen oder Live-Aufführungen umsteigen. Der Artikel untersucht am Beispiel der Theaterarbeiten 14 Vorhänge des Staatstheater Augsburg und werther.live, welche Konsequenzen das Streaming für ein Verständnis von Präsenz hat. Als Anknüpfungspunkt wird Deleuzes Konzept der Modulation aufgegriffen und dieses mit Legacy Russells Glitch Feminism erweitert, was eine mögliche Öffnung theatraler Präsenz erlaubt.
Cost and Profitability Analysis of Producing Specialty Coffee in El Salvador and Honduras
Authors: Carpio Carlos E. , Sandoval Luis A. , Muñoz Mario
Published: December 2022

In Honduras and El Salvador, coffee (Coffea arabica) is one of the leading agricultural exports, and the share of specialty coffee is growing each year. However, despite the importance of specialty coffee production and exports, there is a knowledge gap regarding its cost structure and profitability, particularly those associated with labor costs. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the cost structure of specialty coffee in Honduras and El Salvador and to estimate the costs and profitability of producing specialty coffee in these countries. A semi-structured survey instrument was administered to 14 farmers in Honduras and El Salvador selected as a convenience sample to represent different farm sizes, regions, and specialty-conventional and organic production systems. Specialty-conventional refers to high-quality coffee with or without certifications. Then,cost-profitability models were developed using an economic cost approach, which considered cash, noncash cost, and the opportunity costs of inputs. The results showed that although both countries are neighbors and economically and culturally similar, the cost structure of producing specialty coffee differed significantly. Costs were lower and profits were higher in Honduras than in El Salvador, and the specialty-conventional coffee production system was more profitable than the organic production system.
Biobased Sprayable Mulch Films Suppressed Annual Weeds in Vegetable Crops
Authors: Gloeb Eliott , Irmak Sibel , Isom Loren , Lindquist John L. , Wortman Sam E.
Published: December 2022

Biobased sprayable mulch (BSM) films are a potential alternative to herbicides, polyethylene plastic mulch film, and hand weeding for specialty crops. We developed a series of BSM films using locally available biomaterials [including corn (Zea mays) starch, glycerol, keratin hydrolysate, corn gluten meal, corn zein, eggshells, and isolated soy (Glycine max) protein] and tested their effects on weeds and crop yield during a total of seven greenhouse or field trials between 2017 and 2019 in Nebraska, USA. Application rates of BSM films applied in pots (greenhouse), planting holes in plastic film (field), or bed tops (field) ranged from 0.9 to 18.2 L⋅m−2; they were applied before and after the emergence of weeds. Weed control efficacy was variable, and results of greenhouse pots were rarely replicated under field conditions. Increasing the viscosity of the final suspension tested [BSM7; a mix of corn starch (72.8 g⋅L−1), glycerol (184.7 mL⋅L−1), keratin hydrolysate (733.3 mL⋅L−1), corn zein (19.8 g⋅L−1), and isolated soy protein (19.8 g⋅L−1)] reduced weed biomass by more than 96% in field-grown kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica) when applied to bare soil bed tops before or after weed emergence, but kale yield in treated plots was not different from the weedy control. The results demonstrated the potential for postemergence applications of BSM films, which increase application timing flexibility for growers. Further research is needed to explore the effects of BSM films on soil properties and crop physiology and yield.
Engaging Undergraduate Students in Research
Authors: Miller Chad T. , Drewery Merritt , Waliczek Tina M. , Contreras Ryan N. , Kubota Chieri
Published: December 2022

A primary goal of undergraduate education is to provide a comprehensive and diverse educational experience to prepare and promote student success in their professional and personal pursuits. Increased academic success and program connectivity have been demonstrated when undergraduate students are engaged in research early in their degree programs. Despite the known benefits of undergraduates engaging in research, there are challenges associated with conducting undergraduate research programs. Reported barriers include the lack of student knowledge about research methods, lack of preparedness, and lack of student identification and understanding of their specific interests which may not facilitate research ideas and affinity to conduct research. Additional challenges are related to the lack of faculty resources (e.g., time, specific equipment, research space, etc.), the ability to train and supervise undergraduates who may have very limited or no research experience and those students who are true beginners lacking foundational skills. Moreover, involving, engaging, and supporting underrepresented students (e.g., first-generation college students, females, ethnic minorities) in undergraduate research experiences can require different approaches for mentors to be effective. The “Engaging Undergraduate Students in Research” workshop was organized by the Vice Presidents of the American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS) Research and Education Divisions at the ASHS 2022 Annual Conference in Chicago, IL, USA. The workshop featured three speakers who described their experiences engaging undergraduate students in research. After each speaker provided comments for ≈5 minutes, the workshop attendees self-selected into three breakout groups with the speakers for roundtable discussions related to engaging students in research through coursework, engaging students via formal research projects, and engaging underrepresented students in research. After the breakout group discussions, a summary was given by each group, and whole group discussions and comments were facilitated. This is a summary of the information discussed and shared during the workshop, along with information that can assist faculty with developing and implementing undergraduate research experiences.
STUDI EKSPLORASI PENERIMAAN DIGITALISASI PEMBAYARAN ZAKAT MELALUI APLIKASI FINTECH INDONESIA PASCA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Alfarizi Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Abstrak: Situasi Pandemi Covid-19 dan Digitalisasi Revolusi 4.0 mendorong adopsi pembayaran zakat melalui platform transaksi digital khususnya FinTech.Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penerimaan FinTech dalam pembayaran zakat secara digital. mengeksplorasi penerimaan FinTech dalam pembayaran zakat secara digital. Penelitian berbasis survei kuantitatif pada populasi pengguna FinTech beragama Islam dengan SEM PLS dilakukan dengan penetapan teknik purposive sampling. Model penelitian ini dapat mengidentifikasi teori UTAUT, TPB, Tren Keuangan dan Pengetahuan Islam dalam keputusan kepercayaan Fintech dan metode digitalisasi zakat terhadap niat pembayar zakat untuk mengadopsi FinTech yang inovatif dalam pembayaran zakat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan signifikansi pada tiga dimensi toeri UTAUT, TPB, Tren Keuangan dan Pengetahuan Islam meskipun pada hipotesis harapan usaha terhadap kepercayaan dan keputusan penerimaan teknologi FinTech tidak mendapat dukungan signifikansi statistik PLS. Penguatan infrastruktur IT, keseragaman aturan pembayaran zakat digital dan kajian promotif digitalisasi zakat direkomendasikan kepada Provider FinTech dan Pembuat Kebijakan untuk semakin mengoptimalkan penghimpunan zakat untuk meningkatkan dana zakat untuk mustahiq yang membutuhkan agar  semakin menumbuhkan perekonomian Islam dan Indonesia yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan sesuai Tujuan SDGs.

Kata kunci: FinTech; Islam; SDGs; Teknologi; Zakat

 

Abstract: The Covid-19 Pandemic situation and the digitalization Revolution 4.0 have encouraged the adoption of zakat payments through digital transaction platforms, especially FinTech. This study aims to explore the acceptance of FinTech in digital zakat payments. explore the acceptability of FinTech in digital zakat payments. Quantitative survey-based research on a population of Muslim FinTech users with SEM PLS was carried out by establishing a purposive sampling technique. This research model can identify the theory of UTAUT, TPB, Financial Trends and Islamic Knowledge in Fintech trust decisions and zakat digitization methods on the intention of zakat payers to adopt innovative FinTech in zakat payments. The results of this study show a significant relationship on the three theoretical dimensions of UTAUT, TPB, Financial Trends and Islamic Knowledge although the hypothesis of business expectations on trust and decisions to accept FinTech technology does not have PLS statistical significance. Strengthening IT infrastructure, uniformity of digital zakat payment rules and a study on promoting the digitization of zakat are recommended for FinTech Providers and Policy Makers to further optimize zakat collection to increase zakat funds for mustahiq who need it in order to further grow an inclusive and sustainable Islamic and Indonesian economy according to the SDGs Goals

Keywords: FinTech; Islam; SDGs; Technology; Zakat
CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES IN USING SHARIA CROWDFUNDING AND SUKUK FOR MICRO AND SMALL MEDIUM ENTREPRISES (MSME) ACCELERATION
Authors: Ashfahany Afief El , Hanifa Siska , Noor Nurul Hidayana Mohd , Fuzi Amirah
Published: December 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali secara kritis pengalaman UMKM dalam menggunakan instrumen pasar modal syariah seperti crowdfunding dan Sukuk khususnya permasalahan dan tantangannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam terhadap perusahaan pengguna crowdfunding dan provider platform crowdfunding Syariah. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa UMKM mengalami kendala dalam mengakses instrumen pasar modal syariah, terutama karena kendala pengetahuan tentang produk crowdfunding dan kendala proses administrasi yang rumit dan proses seleksi yang panjang. Namun demikian, Crowdfunding dan Sukuk masih memiliki potensi besar bagi UMKM utama untuk pemulihan pasca pandemi. Hasil penelitian ini memiliki implikasi khusus bagi otoritas pemerintah dan penyedia platform crowdfunding untuk melakukannya penyederhanaan proses administrasi dan seleksi guna mempercepat akses UMKM terhadap instrumen pasar modal syariah.

Kata kunci: Instrumen Pasar Modal Syariah, UMKM, Crowdfunding, Sukuk

 

Abstract: This study aims to critically explore the experiences of MSME for using Islamic capital market instruments such as crowdfunding and Sukuk in particular the problems and challenges. The research method used is qualitative with in-depth interview method to crowdfunding user companies and Sharia crowdfunding platform provider. The results of this study found that MSME encountered obstacles in accessing Islamic capital market instruments, mainly due to knowledge constraints on crowdfunding products and constraints on the complexity of the administrative process and the lengthy selection process. However, Crowdfunding and Sukuk still have great potential for the main MSME for post-pandemic recovery. The results of this study have particular implications for government authorities and crowdfunding platform providers in order to simplifying administration and selection processes in order to accelerate MSME access to Islamic capital market instruments.

Keywords: Islamic Capital Market Instruments, MSMEs, Crowdfunding, Sukuk
MANAJEMEN INOVATIF KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MEMAJUKAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Indarti Luluk
Published: December 2022

Abstrak Pertumbuhan lembaga pendidikan Islam di Indonesia dengan berbagai macam jenisnya semakin banyak dan menyebar sampai ke pelosok-pelosok desa. Hal ini mengharuskan adanya sebuah pengelolaan yang baik agar lembaga-lembaga tersebut terus bertahan dalam persaingan global saat ini. Lembaga yang mampu merespon dengan cepat perubahan tersebut maka akan bertahan dan bahkan semakin maju. Begitu juga sebaliknya, lembaga yang tidak bisa merespon perubahan dengan baik maka lambat laun akan gulung tikar. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dapat memajukan lembaga pendidikan Islam baik dari strategi, bentuk komunikasi serta evaluasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa strategi yang dilakukan kepala Madrasah Diniyah untuk memajukan lembaga adalah jalan sehat, program 40 jam ngaji kitab kuning serta pengajian aswaja setiap malam rabu untuk guru. Bentuk komunikasi yang dilakukan adalah yang dilakukan oleh kepala Madrasah Diniyah, adalah komunikasi vertikal, horizontal (antar pribadi) dan komunikasi publik. Kata kunci: Manajemen Inovatif, Kepala Madrasah, Lembaga Pendidikan Islam.
EVALUASI PROGRAM FULL DAY SCHOOL
Authors: Sa'odah Sa'odah , Latifah Nur , Kartika Silva Arahmah
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dan mendeskripsikan pencapaian program evaluasi di Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan model CIPP, yaitu konteks, input, proses, dan evaluasi produk. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Untuk pengumpulan data ini yaitu menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Dan untuk teknik analisis data digunakan reduksi, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa program sekolah full day school di SDIT Aya Sophia, SD Alam Tangerang, dan SDIT Al Fatih telah diadakan di kedua kategori dalam konteks, input, proses, dan aspek produk. Pada evaluasi, dapat diputuskan bahwa program full day school dapat dilanjutkan karena mampu memberikan manfaat kepada siswa dan masyarakat. Beberapa rekomendasi dapat disampaikan agar program full day schoo dapat berjalan secara optimal. Pertama metode dan strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru harus lebih bervariasi. Guru kedua harus lebih memotivasi siswa untuk memacu prestasi dan mengeksplorasi potensi bakat mereka. Ketiga adalah pengadaan laboratorium sains sebagai fasilitas sekolah.
Cascadia: Subduction and People
Authors: Kent Adam J.R. , Dufek Josef
Published: December 2022

The well-studied Cascadia subduction zone has enriched our general understanding of global subduction zones. This Elements issue explores the interconnected set of processes that link geodynamics, tectonics, and magmatism at depth and the surface expressions of these processes, which shape the landscape and give rise to natural hazards in the Cascadia region. This issue also addresses the impact of subduction zone processes on human populations using cultural records, and reviews the state of knowledge of Cascadia while highlighting some key outstanding research questions.
COVID-19-associated phlebopathy – myth or reality?
Authors: Lobastov K. V.
Published: December 2022

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About the Evaluations of the Environmental Protection Activities’ Effectiveness
Authors: Michailov Michail
Published: December 2022

A few contemporary examples can be found in various publications to provoke a more profound reflection on the assessment of environmental action. Whatever methodology is used to determine the importance of all types of environmental activities and assess their effectiveness, specific approaches must be adopted. It is crucial to understand that “environmental activities” are not just an appendage to the science of “ecology.” They also represent a specific period in the development of the world, in the second part of the 20th century, during which specific assessments of the effectiveness of human activities are necessarily provided. The science of ecology usually deals with such concepts as biotic, abiotic, and anthropogenic factors. They should account for the specific conditions, impacts, and effects on ecosystems. However, such concepts are also used in other disciplines, which have interests in this field. Therefore, the material in this article will address some critical issues connected to the assessment of the effectiveness of environmental actions.
PRECARIZAÇÃO NA ATIVIDADE DE TRABALHO DIGITAL: O CASO DOS ENTREGADORES DO IFOOD
Authors: Cavalcante Jackelin Wertheimer , Carreon Renata de Oliveira
Published: December 2022

Este artigo visa refletir sobre discursos que permeiam as relações entre trabalhadores do novo proletariado de serviços na era digital. Baseado em perspectivas discursivas, abordaremos alguns aspectos importantes sobre o advento e a expansão de um novo proletariado digital de serviços, privado de vários direitos, inclusive o de organização e cujos trabalhos ganham impulso com novos modelos de negócios digitais, capazes de conectar distintas modalidades laborais. A fundamentação teórico-metodológica articula a Análise do Discurso desenvolvida por Dominique Maingueneau (2008) e a Análise do Discurso Digital tal qual pensada por Marie-Anne Paveau (2019, 2021). O objeto de análise é o material coletado pela reportagem realizada pela apublica.org (04.04.2022), que constitui o corpus relacionado a esse proletariado digital. Nesse caso, a linguagem relaciona-se a uma construção ideológica propulsora de metadiscursos que desvelam relações de poder. Estas, em última instância, remontam às relações entre trabalhadores subalternizados. Finalmente, por se inscreverem em situação de polêmica, os discursos depreendidos da reportagem permitem acessar vozes e entrever processos de interincompreensão regrada (MAINGUENEAU, 2008) e revascularização discursiva (BARONAS; LOURENÇO, 2022).
One-pot Synthesis of 1,4 Dihydro Pyrano [2, 3-c] Pyrazole using Chitosan-p-toluene Sulfonate as a Biodegradable Catalyst in an Aqueous Medium
Authors: Sudhakar Chithaluri , Suryakumari Adurthi
Published: December 2022

A rapid and facile one-pot three-component synthesis of biologically active 6-amino-5-
cyano-4-aryl-1,4-dihydro pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazoles was developed using chitosan-p-toluene sulfonate
(CS-p-TSA) as a biodegradable catalyst in an aqueous medium. The products synthesized
were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C NMR. The catalyst was stable and could be
used for five cycles without much change in the catalytic activity. The products synthesized were
in good yields (90-96%). This method provides several advantages, including the use of a biodegradable
catalyst, a simple workup procedure, mild reaction conditions, and lower reaction times.
An Exploration of System Factors Influencing Older Adults’ Initial Engagement with Physical Activity Interventions
Authors: Powell Andrew , Nyman Samuel
Published: December 2022

Background:

Previous work has highlighted the need for researchers to look beyond the behavioural, cognitive, and motivational components of physical activity interventions for older adults, and to investigate the ‘system-related’ factors that may influence physical activity behaviour, which pertain to their social, physical, and operational contexts.

Objective:

This qualitative study aimed to explore the system factors influencing older adults’ initial engagement with physical activity interventions.

Methods:

Semi-structured one-to-one telephone interviews were conducted with 12 individuals aged 55 and over to gather their views on the subject. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach, and a thematic analysis was carried out.

Results:

Participants identified various system factors they felt could influence older adults’ engagement with physical activity interventions, particularly relating to social support and relationships (e.g. being able to bring a friend to the first session), and the physical, social, and information environments (e.g. venues being reachable by bus or car).

Conclusion:

This study highlights system factors as a potentially important yet largely unexplored concept in the field of physical activity promotion. The findings provide practical information for public health practitioners to use when attempting to design physical activity interventions that older adults will willingly engage with, and the rationale for future research seeking to expand understanding of the influence of system factors on older adults’ initial engagement with physical activity interventions, as well as their subsequent physical activity behaviours beyond this.
Seaweed in Food Industries: Raw Materials, Processing, Formulations, Packaging
Authors: Trindade Marlene A. , Nunes Cláudia , Coimbra Manuel A. , Gonçalves Fernando J.M. , Marques João C. , Gonçalves Ana M.M.
Published: December 2022

Seaweeds are an abundant source of bioactive compounds and hydrocolloids
that can be used in several industries, especially in the food industry. They can be
directly consumed as a whole, used as an ingredient, or a source of several compounds
that can enrich the nutrient content and sensory experience of foods. The demand for
more sustainable packaging options resulted in the increase in research and
development of edible seaweed-based films that ensure the safety and quality of the
food products, while reducing packaging waste. This chapter will make an overview of
the seaweed compounds used in the food industry, their use in the formulation of edible
active packaging, and how this packaging can become widely available for consumers.
Optimasi Seleksi Aturan Untuk Rekomendasi Bundling Produk Melalui Kombinasi Algoritma Apriori dan Utility Weighted Score (UWS)
Authors: Fahmi Ichsan , Suyono Hadi , Sarosa Moechammad
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini tidak hanya bertujuan untuk memperbaiki Algoritma Apriori (AA) dalam metode Association Rules Mining (ARM)Â  tetapiÂ  juga mengusulkan suatu solusi alternatif untuk model rekomendasi bundling produk bagi ritel. Problem pemetaan biner dengan pemangkasan aturan yang sering menghilangkan produk yang potensial coba diatasi dengan tambahan parameter UWS. Perbaikan ini sekaligus berdampak pada kualitas bundling produk yang direkomendasikan. Optimasi dilakukan pada aturan yang dihasilkan oleh AA dengan parameter U_gain dan W_gain yang merupakan representasi dari berbagai atribut produk[1]. Quantity dan profit adalah bagian dari atribut item produk yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan data Point of Sales (POS) menunjukan adanya perbaikan aturan. Jika menggunakan AA konvensional, aturan yang dihasilkan sering tidak mengandung item yang potensial. Hal ini karena proses seleksi ulang dengan level confidence yang lebih kritis sering menghilang aturan dengan item yang potensial. Pada sisi yang lain, sejumlah aturan yang dihasilkan sering tidak mengandung item produk yang berkualitas. Optimasi dilakukan dengan mengubah parameter minimum transaksi, minimum support dan minimum confidence yang dikombinasikan dengan perhitungan U_gain dan W_gain untuk mendapatkan aturan yang menghasilkan nilai maksimal. Â
The Influence of Economic Growth, Human Development, Poverty and Unemployment on Income Distribution Inequality: Study in the Province of the Bangka Belitung Islands in 2005-2019
Authors: Arkum Darol , Amar Hattami
Published: December 2022

The income Distribution Inequality of Bangka Belitung Islands Province is the lowest nationally. This study aims to obtain more in-depth information regarding any variables or factors that affect the Inequality of Income Distribution in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands. The type of research used associative quantitative research with Multiple Linear Regression and Simple Linear Regression models, as well as feasibility tests with classical assumption tests, Simultaneous and Partial hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that the factors affecting income distribution inequality in the Province of the Bangka Belitung Islands are economic growth, human development, poverty, and unemployment by 60.9 percent. Other factors influence the remaining 39.1 percent. Partially, economic growth has a positive and significant effect of 30 percent with a regression coefficient of 0.009. Human development has a negative and significant effect of 55.5 percent with a regression coefficient of -0.006, and poverty has a negative and insignificant effect of 25.8 percent with a regression coefficient of -0.004, unemployment has a negative and insignificant effect of 11.1 percent with a regression coefficient of -0.003. In conclusion, it turns out that the human development factor has a very large role in reducing the inequality in income distribution in the Province of the Bangka Belitung Islands. So, recommendations to the Provincial Government need to continue to improve Human Development by improving education, health, and people's purchasing power, as well as socializing the importance of Human Development in reducing the level of inequality in development outcomes to the Regency/City Government in the Province of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province.