bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of dichlorido(N-o-tolyl-1,1-di-p-tolylphosphanamine–κ1
P)-(methoxydi-p-tolylphosphane-κ1
P)palladium(II), C36H39Cl2NOP2Pd
Authors: Kama Dumisani V. , Brink Alice , Roodt Andreas
Published: November 2019

C36H39Cl2NOP2Pd, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 19.209(13) Å, b = 15.144(11) Å, c = 24.011(19) Å, V = 6985(9) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0292, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0867, T = 100 K.
Modeling open surgery in mice to explore peritoneal damage, carbon dioxide humidification and desmoidogenesis
Authors: Chittleborough Timothy , Sampurno Shienny , Carpinteri Sandra , Lynch Andrew Craig , Heriot Alexander Graham , Ramsay Robert George
Published: November 2019

Background

The exposure of the peritoneum to desiccation during surgery generates lasting damage to the mesothelial lining which impacts inflammation and tissue repair. We have previously explored open abdominal surgery in mice subjected to passive airflow however, operating theatres employ active airflow. Therefore, we sought an engineering solution to recapitulate the active airflow in mice. Similarly, to the passive airflow studies we investigated the influence of humidified-warm carbon dioxide (CO2) on this damage in the context of active airflow. Additionally, we addressed the controversial role of surgery in exacerbating desmoidogenesis in a mouse model of familial adenomatous polyposis.

Methods

An active airflow mouse-operating module manufactured to produce the equivalent downdraft airflow to that of a modern operating theatre was employed. We quantified mesothelial cell integrity by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) sampled from the peritoneal wall that was subjected to mechanical damage or not, with and without the delivery of humidified-warm CO2. To explore the role of open and laparoscopic surgery in the process of desmoidogenesis we crossed Apcmin/+ C57Bl/6 mice with p53+/− mice to generate animals that developed desmoid tumors with 100% penetrance.

Results

One hour of active airflow generates substantial damage to peritoneal mesothelial cells and their microvilli as measured at 24 h post intervention, which is significantly greater than that generated by passive airflow. Use of humidified-warm CO2 mostly protects the mesothelium that had not experienced additional mechanical (surgical) damage at 24 h. Maximal damage was evident in all treatment groups regardless of flow or use of gas. At day 10 mechanically-damaged peritoneum remains in mice but is essentially repaired in the gas-treated groups. Regarding desmoidogenesis, operating procedures did not increase the frequency of desmoid tumors but their frequency correlated with time following surgery but not age of mice.

Conclusions

Active airflow generates more peritoneal damage than passive airflow and is reduced significantly by the use of humidified-warm CO2. Introduced peritoneal damage is largely repaired in mice by day 10 with gas. Desmoid tumor incidence is not increased substantially by surgery itself but rises over time following surgery compared to non-surgery mice.
The Deletion-Insertion model applied to the genome rearrangement problem
Authors: Brisbin Abra , Riehl Manda , Williams Noah
Published: November 2019

Permutations are frequently used in solving the genome rearrangement problem, whose goal is finding the shortest sequence of mutations transforming one genome into another. We introduce the Deletion-Insertion model (DI) to model small-scale mutations in species with linear chromosomes, such as humans. Applying one restriction to this model, we obtain the transposition model for genome rearrangement, which was shown to be NP-hard in [4]. We use combinatorial reasoning and permutation statistics to develop a polynomial-time algorithm to approximate the minimum number of transpositions required in the transposition model and to analyze the sharpness of several bounds on transpositions between genomes.
Enumeration of permutations avoiding a triple of 4-letter patterns is almost all done
Authors: Callan David , Mansour Toufik , Shattuck Mark
Published: November 2019

This paper basically completes a project to enumerate permutations avoiding a triple T of 4-letter patterns, in the sense of classical pattern avoidance, for every T. There are 317 symmetry classes of such triples T and previous papers have enumerated avoiders for all but 14 of them. One of these 14 is conjectured not to have an algebraic generating function. Here, we find the generating function for each of the remaining 13, and it is algebraic in each case.
Colourability and word-representability of near-triangulations
Authors: Glen Marc Elliot
Published: November 2019

A graph G = (V;E) is word-representable if there is a word w over the alphabet V such that x and y alternate in w if and only if the edge (x; y) is in G. It is known [6] that all 3-colourable graphs are word-representable, while among those with a higher chromatic number some are word-representable while others are not.

There has been some recent research on the word-representability of polyomino triangulations. Akrobotu et al. [1] showed that a triangulation of a convex polyomino is word-representable if and only if it is 3-colourable; and Glen and Kitaev [5] extended this result to the case of a rectangular polyomino triangulation when a single domino tile is allowed.

It was shown in [4] that a near-triangulation is 3-colourable if and only if it is internally even. This paper provides a much shorter and more elegant proof of this fact, and also shows that near-triangulations are in fact a generalization of the polyomino triangulations studied in [1] and [5], and so we generalize the results of these two papers, and solve all open problems stated in [5].
Generalized Jacobsthal numbers and restricted k-ary words
Authors: Ramirez José L. , Shattuck Mark
Published: November 2019

We consider a generalization of the problem of counting ternary words of a given length which was recently investigated by Koshy and Grimaldi [10]. In particular, we use finite automata and ordinary generating functions in deriving a k-ary generalization. This approach allows us to obtain a general setting in which to study this problem over a k-ary language. The corresponding class of n-letter k-ary words is seen to be equinumerous with the closed walks of length n − 1 on the complete graph for k vertices as well as a restricted subset of colored square-and-domino tilings of the same length. A further polynomial extension of the k-ary case is introduced and its basic properties deduced. As a consequence, one obtains some apparently new binomial-type identities via a combinatorial argument.
Expanding HTA – Correcting a Misattribution, Clarifying the Scope of HTA and CEA Comment on "Ethics in HTA: Examining the ‘Need for Expansion’"
Authors: Culyer Anthony J.
Published: November 2019

Abrishami, Oortwijn, and Hofman (AOH) attribute to me a position I do not hold and an argument I did not make. The purpose of this note is make clear what my position actually is and to clarify the main differences between health technology assessment (HTA) and cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA).
Not Up for Discussion: Applying Lukes’ Power Model to the Study of Health System Corruption Comment on "We Need to Talk About Corruption in Health Systems"
Authors: Reynolds Lucy
Published: November 2019

This companion paper suggests the potential benefits of applying Steven Lukes’ dimensions of power model to the study of corruption in health systems. Lukes’ model sets out three "faces of power" classified by their influence on political discourse, resulting in overt, covert and latent discussion of issues depending on the degree of their alignment with the agenda of dominant power interests. His concept that differential access to public discourse varies according to this alignment implies the potential for identifying more serious forms of corruption by the mismatch between their practical importance and the amount of open debate addressing them. These two variables are in practice inversely related, and do not, as might be expected, correlate, with more important topics receiving more public attention. Lukes’ model would predict and can explain such inversion of public priorities, which tells us that observed suppression of public debate might efficiently direct the interest of researchers and the efforts of those seeking to further the public good on to the key issues needing discussion and resolution. The commentary goes on to examine whether the most serious and dangerous forms of corruption might therefore also be the most invisible, and suggests that whistleblower reports should be considered a key data source for research into high-level corruption in health systems, including redirection of policy decisions away from those which are in the public interest.
The Effect of pH, Coagulation Bath, and Reduction on Characteristic Properties of Continuous Graphene Oxide Fiber
Authors: Altay Pelin , Alptoğa Özge , Önen Ayşen , Karatepe Nilgün , Uçar Nuray
Published: November 2019

This study focuses on the effect of different process parameters including pH of GO dispersion, hydrazine reduction, number of coagulation bath on the properties of graphene oxide (GO) fibers produced through wet spinning method. Produced GO fibers have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman, X-ray diffraction methods, and an electrical conductivity meter. Results show that pH3 hydrazine reduction causes an expansion of the fiber volume and formation of porous fiber structure with higher defects. The crystal structure of GO fibers was also observed to be affected by hydrazine reduction, leading to decreased interlayer spacing and increased crystalline size and number of layer as compared to the reference (unreduced) one. Single coagulation bath was found to result in crystal on the fiber surface because of the calcium chloride (CaCI2) salt, which provides higher electrical conductivity than triple coagulation bath. The pH value of GO dispersion was found to influence the crystal structures of the GO fiber, resulting in lower interlayer spacing, lower crystallinity degree, and higher crystallite size in the pH5 sample as compared to that of pH3 for triple coagulation baths. The results obtained in this study are expected to contribute to and shed light for further studies on carbon-based fiber materials such as GO fiber and reduced GO fiber that can have different application fields including electronic smart textiles, graphene-based membranes, gas adsorption, energy application such as lithium ion battery, and ultrafiltration applications.
Dynamic Changes in Ultrastructure of the Primary Cilium in Migrating Neuroblasts in the Postnatal Brain
Authors: Matsumoto Mami , Sawada Masato , García-González Diego , Herranz-Pérez Vicente , Ogino Takashi , Bang Nguyen Huy , Quynh Thai Truc , Narita Keishi , Kumamoto Natsuko , Ugawa Shinya , Saito Yumiko , Takeda Sen , Kaneko Naoko , Khodosevich Konstantin , Monyer Hannah , García-Verdugo José Manuel , Ohno Nobuhiko , Sawamoto Kazunobu
Published: November 2019

New neurons, referred to as neuroblasts, are continuously generated in the ventricular-subventricular zone of the brain throughout an animal's life. These neuroblasts are characterized by their unique potential for proliferation, formation of chain-like cell aggregates, and long-distance and high-speed migration through the rostral migratory stream (RMS) toward the olfactory bulb (OB), where they decelerate and differentiate into mature interneurons. The dynamic changes of ultrastructural features in postnatal-born neuroblasts during migration are not yet fully understood. Here we report the presence of a primary cilium, and its ultrastructural morphology and spatiotemporal dynamics, in migrating neuroblasts in the postnatal RMS and OB. The primary cilium was observed in migrating neuroblasts in the postnatal RMS and OB in male and female mice and zebrafish, and a male rhesus monkey. Inhibition of intraflagellar transport molecules in migrating neuroblasts impaired their ciliogenesis and rostral migration toward the OB. Serial section transmission electron microscopy revealed that each migrating neuroblast possesses either a pair of centrioles or a basal body with an immature or mature primary cilium. Using immunohistochemistry, live imaging, and serial block-face scanning electron microscopy, we demonstrate that the localization and orientation of the primary cilium are altered depending on the mitotic state, saltatory migration, and deceleration of neuroblasts. Together, our results highlight a close mutual relationship between spatiotemporal regulation of the primary cilium and efficient chain migration of neuroblasts in the postnatal brain.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTImmature neurons (neuroblasts) generated in the postnatal brain have a mitotic potential and migrate in chain-like cell aggregates toward the olfactory bulb. Here we report that migrating neuroblasts possess a tiny cellular protrusion called a primary cilium. Immunohistochemical studies with zebrafish, mouse, and monkey brains suggest that the presence of the primary cilium in migrating neuroblasts is evolutionarily conserved. Ciliogenesis in migrating neuroblasts in the rostral migratory stream is suppressed during mitosis and promoted after cell cycle exit. Moreover, live imaging and 3D electron microscopy revealed that ciliary localization and orientation change during saltatory movement of neuroblasts. Our results reveal highly organized dynamics in maturation and positioning of the primary cilium during neuroblast migration that underlie saltatory movement of postnatal-born neuroblasts.
Zebrafishdscaml1Deficiency Impairs Retinal Patterning and Oculomotor Function
Authors: Ma Manxiu , Ramirez Alexandro D. , Wang Tong , Roberts Rachel L. , Harmon Katherine E. , Schoppik David , Sharma Avirale , Kuang Christopher , Goei Stephanie L. , Gagnon James A. , Zimmerman Steve , Tsai Shengdar Q. , Reyon Deepak , Joung J. Keith , Aksay Emre R.F. , Schier Alexander F. , Pan Y. Albert
Published: November 2019

Down syndrome cell adhesion molecules (dscamanddscaml1) are essential regulators of neural circuit assembly, but their roles in vertebrate neural circuit function are still mostly unexplored. We investigated the functional consequences ofdscaml1deficiency in the larval zebrafish (sexually undifferentiated) oculomotor system, where behavior, circuit function, and neuronal activity can be precisely quantified. Genetic perturbation ofdscaml1resulted in deficits in retinal patterning and light adaptation, consistent with its known roles in mammals. Oculomotor analyses revealed specific deficits related to thedscaml1mutation, including severe fatigue during gaze stabilization, reduced saccade amplitude and velocity in the light, greater disconjugacy, and impaired fixation. Two-photon calcium imaging of abducens neurons in control anddscaml1mutant animals confirmed deficits in saccade-command signals (indicative of an impairment in the saccadic premotor pathway), whereas abducens activation by the pretectum-vestibular pathway was not affected. Together, we show that loss ofdscaml1resulted in impairments in specific oculomotor circuits, providing a new animal model to investigate the development of oculomotor premotor pathways and their associated human ocular disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDscaml1is a neural developmental gene with unknown behavioral significance. Using the zebrafish model, this study shows thatdscaml1mutants have a host of oculomotor (eye movement) deficits. Notably, the oculomotor phenotypes indscaml1mutants are reminiscent of human ocular motor apraxia, a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by reduced saccade amplitude and gaze stabilization deficits. Population-level recording of neuronal activity further revealed potential subcircuit-specific requirements fordscaml1during oculomotor behavior. These findings underscore the importance ofdscaml1in the development of visuomotor function and characterize a new model to investigate potential circuit deficits underlying human oculomotor disorders.
Structure-based or dynamic usage?based instruction
Authors: Rousse-Malpat Audrey , Steinkrauss Rasmus , Verspoor Marjolijn
Published: November 2019

This classroom study aims to explore the instructional effects of structure-based (SB) or dynamic usage-based (DUB) instruction with free response, communicative writing tasks after three years of L2-French instruction on linguistic complexity measures in (morpho)syntax and lexicon. We investigated data from forty-three young high school beginner learners of L2-French after three years of instruction with similar amounts of L2 exposure. The SB treatment included a traditional focus on explicit grammar; the DUB group was taught using the Accelerated Integrated Method, a highly communicative, meaningfocused method without explicit instruction, but with a great deal of exposure and repetition to induce frequency effects. Results after three years show that DUB instruction leads to more linguistic complexity in terms of various (morpho)syntactic and some lexical measures (multi-word sequences coverage). On other lexical measures (such as Guiraud index and average word length), no differences were found. The results are discussed using insights from the dynamic usage-based perspective.
Applied ethics, i.e. the issue of norms and values in the choices of everyday life
Authors: Stecko Justyna
Published: November 2019

Valuation and evaluation are inevitable in life. They concern both making personal choices and assessing facts. In the world where we live, ethics seems to appear only when social issues such as abortion, euthanasia or the death penalty go to the discussion. Ethics, however, is not common in the issues of everyday life, in the choices that accompany us on every level of life. In both private and public life one can notice more and more blind momentum, more and more tasks but also we set the boundary between good and evil with greater difficulty. It seems that the diagnosis regarding the axiological crisis seems more and more accurate today. The common belief that it is allowed to do so because “everyone does it” is nothing more than a mindless imitation of social behavior or just plain ignorance of ethics. According to Seneca the thing which is not prohibited by the law is prohibited by shame, it seems that today the shame, which in this sentence was a synonym of “awareness” or “ethical sensitivity” ceased to exist. The aim of this article is a brief reflection on the ethics of contemporary man, on the way how he makes choices, and actually on the basis of what he should take. The inspiration for writing this text was the author’s personal experience, which indicates the lack of optimism in assessing the moral condition of a modern man.
ANTEGRADE X RETROGRADE NAILING IN FEMORAL FRACTURES: A STUDY ON CONSOLIDATION AND INFECTION
Authors: Durigan Jorge Rafael , Silva Ana Carolina da , Takata Pedro , Zamboni Caio , Santili Claudio , Mercadante Marcelo Tomanik
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: Osteosynthesis with intramedullary nailing is considered the method of choice to treat diaphyseal femur fractures in adults. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the bone healing time and incidence of infection in patients with diaphyseal femur fractures treated surgically with retrograde and antegrade intramedullary nailing. Methods: The medical records of 123 patients from two university hospitals dated 2011-2013 were evaluated, with 126 diaphyseal femur fractures having been found. The most frequent treatment was antegrade intramedullary nailing (51%), of which 38% involved reaming (n=25). Results: We found evidence of 92% healed fractures at 12 months postoperatively. Complications included chronic osteomyelitis in one patient and femoral neck fracture in another patient, both after reamed antegrade nailing. Pyoarthritis of the knee associated with osteomyelitis affected two patients after reamed retrograde nailing and one patient after unreamed retrograde nailing. Conclusion: We did not observe a significant difference in bone healing rates with the use of reamed or unreamed antegrade or retrograde nailing. Complications included the presence of infection with an incidence similar to that reported in the literature, and of particular significance, unrelated to the type of approach. Level of evidence III, Retrospective comparative study.
Evaluation of chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effect of Artemisia vulgaris extract against diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in Balb C mice
Authors: Ali S. , Ejaz M. , Dar K. K. , Nasreen S. , Ashraf N. , Gillani S. F. , Shafi N. , Safeer S. , Khan M. A. , Andleeb S. , Akhtar N. , Mughal T. A.
Published: November 2019

Abstract The main objective of current study was to investigate the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity of Artemisia vulgaris extract on diethylnitrosoamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Balb C mice. Diethylnitrosoamine (DEN: 0.9%) was prepared to induce hepatocarcinoma in Balb C mice. The extract Artemisia vulgaris (AV) was prepared by maceration technique. Mice were classified into four groups as follows: Group 1 a control group (N=7) received saline solution (3.5 μl/mg), group 2 (N=14) received diethylnitrosoamine (3.5 μl/mg) intraperitoneally once in a week for eight consecutive weeks, group 3 (N=7) received only plant extract (AV: 150 mg/kg (Body weight) once in a week, while group 4 (N=7) was given in combination of diethylnitrosoamine (3.5 μl/mg) and plant extract (AV: 150 mg/kg (body weight). After eight weeks of DEN administration, mice of group 2 were divided into two subgroups containing seven mice each; subgroup 1 was sacrificed while subgroup 2 was treated with plant extract only (150 mg/kg (body weight)) once in a week for eight consecutive weeks. The DEN injected mice significant decline in levels of albumin with concomitant significant elevations such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alpha feto protein, gamma glutamyl transferase, 5 nucleotidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and bilirubin. The administration of A. vulgaris significantly decreased the DEN induced hepatotoxicity. Present study revealed the potential anti-cancerous nature of Artemisia vulgaris, both in case of chemopreventive and post-treatment of A. vulgaris. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanism of prevention and therapy.
In vivo effect of essential oil of Mentha x villosa and its active compound against Schistosoma mansoni (Sambon, 1907)
Authors: Matos-Rocha T. J. , Cavalcanti M. G. S. , Veras D. L. , Santos A. F. , Freitas C. F. de , Suassuna A. S. C. L. , Melo E. S. de , Barbosa-Filho J. M. , Alves L. C. , Santos F. A. Brayner dos
Published: November 2019

Abstract Schistosomiasis treatment is dependent on a single drug, praziquantel (PZQ). The development of resistance of PZQ has drawn the attention of many researchers to alternative drugs. One viable and promising treatment is the study of medicinal plants as a new approach to the experimental treatment for Schistosomiasis. The present work aimed to evaluate in vivo antischistosomal activity of effect of Mentha x villosa Oil Essential (Mv-EO) and rotundifolone (ROT) against Schistosoma mansoni. Thirty-day-old female Swiss webster mice (Mus musculus) weighing 50 grams were used. Mice were infected with 80 cercariae of S. mansoni (BH strain) and orally administered Mv-EO (50, 100 and 200 mg/Kg) and ROT (35.9, 70.9 and 141.9 mg/Kg) at 45-days post infection for 5 consecutive days. All mice were euthanized 60 days after infection. Praziquantel was the positive control in the experiment. Doses of 200 mg/kg (Mv-EO) and ROT (141.9 mg/Kg) resulted in a significant reduction in fluke burden (72.44% and 74.48%, respectively). There was also marked reduction in liver, intestinal and faecal and changed oogram pattern, compared to infected untreated mice. Considering the results obtained, further biological studies are required in order to elucidate the mechanism of schistosomicidal action on against adult S. mansoni.
Úlceras de quirodáctilos e dorso de mão esquerda ocasionadas por hipertensão venosa após confecção de fístula arteriovenosa braquiocefálica: relato de caso
Authors: Asari Aline Ioshie Akamine , Damasceno Daiane Cristina Ferreira , Almeida Nathália Araújo de , Moreira Hícaro do Carmo , Barros Ricardo André Viana , Ximenes Filho Francisco Alberto Bezerra
Published: November 2019

Resumo Úlceras venosas decorrentes de hipertensão venosa por fístula arteriovenosa são raras. A investigação de sua etiologia é esclarecida pelo eco-Doppler vascular, que diferencia entre estenose de vasos centrais e sobrecarga hemodinâmica gerada pelo desenvolvimento de tributárias, a partir da veia responsável pela fístula arteriovenosa. Apresentamos um caso gerado por sobrecarga hemodinâmica em tributária, que desviou o fluxo principal da fístula distalmente ao membro. Optamos por realizar a ligação da fístula para tratamento das úlceras e confecção de nova fístula arteriovenosa em membro contralateral.
Leukotriene B4 in equine asthma syndrome: what do we know so far?
Authors: Otaka Juliana N.P. , Toledo Luis F.A. , Silva Katia M. , Silva Andreza A. , Agra Laís , Diaz Bruno L. , Lessa Daniel A.B.
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: The term “equine asthma syndrome” (EAS) was recently proposed due to the resemblance of the equine disease to human asthma. Leukotrienes cause constriction of the bronchi, especially in the lower airways and increase mucus secretion in the respiratory system. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) has been discovered as a strong chemotactic factor, which plays a role in neutrophil migration. The immunologic background of EAS remains not fully elucidated despite many studies on the pathogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the LTB4 concentration in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of horses with and without pulmonary inflammatory disease. Thirty-five mixed breed horses were studied and LTB4 was determined by using specific ELISA Kit. The horses were grouped by 2 different criteria for statistical analysis of data: 1) according to the values for BALF citology and 2) according to the detection of LTB4 in BALF. There was signiﬁcant difference of effect of age on the LTB4 detection in equine BALF. Younger animals were the majority where it was possible to detect LTB4 values in LBA. In conclusion, there was an effect of age on the detection of LTB4 in equine BALF, where LTB4 levels were more easily detected in younger animals than older animals and the results of this study raise the possibility of considering future studies with the objective of establishing the real role and the best moment to detect LTB4 in BALF of the equine asthma syndrome.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of two extract of propolis against isolates of Staphylococcus spp. and multiresistant bacterials
Authors: Amarante Jarbas F. , Ribeiro Márcia F. , Costa Mateus M. , Menezes Fredson G. , Silva Tania M.S. , Amarante Talita A.B. , Gradela Adriana , Moura Liliane M.D.
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: There is a growing need to discover and develop alternative therapies for the treatment of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus spp. and multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. This study examined the chemical composition and antimicrobial potential of two propolis extracts (EPA and EPB) against seventy-seven isolates of Staphylococcus spp. obtained from subclinical bovine mastitis; three clinical strains of MRSA and two from clinical strains of S. aureus ATCC, identified as S. aureus ATCC 6538 and S. aureus ATCC 25923. The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau method, the total flavonoid content by the Dowd method and the phenolic profile was quantified by HPLC-DAD. The MBC values of the extracts were evaluated by broth microdilution method. The amount of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds was higher in EPA than EPB. Both extracts revealed the presence of caffeic, coumaric, cinnamic, ferulic and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acids, with higher concentrations of coumaric and cinnamic acids. Staphylococcus spp. isolates were susceptible to EPA (90.9%), EPB (83.1%) and oxacillin (80.5%). The oxacillin susceptible isolates were also susceptible to EPA (70.1%) and EPB (80.6%), whereas those oxacillin-resistant strains were also susceptible to EPA (40.0%) and to EPB (26.7%). MBC ranged from 34.3 to 68.7μm/mL for EPA and from 68.7 to 137.5μg/mL for EPB. Both extracts inhibited significantly (100%) the clinical strains of MRSA, S. aureus ATCC 6538 and S. aureus ATCC 25923 at the concentration of 68.7μg/mL. It is concluded that both extracts of propolis, whose main constituents are coumaric and cinnamic acids, have high antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms studied, and EPA also against oxacillin-resistant strains. These findings reinforce its potential use for the treatment of bovine mastitis.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO, REINCIDÊNCIA E PERCEPÇÃO DE HOMENS AUTORES DE VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER SOBRE GRUPOS REFLEXIVOS
Authors: Vasconcelos Cristina Silvana da Silva , Cavalcante Lília Iêda Chaves
Published: November 2019

RESUMO Este estudo busca caracterizar homens autores de violência contra mulheres (HAV) que participaram de Grupos Reflexivos (GR) do Núcleo Especializado de Atendimento ao Homem ao Autor de Violência Doméstica e Familiar (NEAH) em Belém-PA, com destaque para a reincidência e a percepção dos HAV sobre os GR. Trata-se de um estudo documental, com registros feitos entre 2012 e 2015. Entre os resultados, verificou-se que 33,8% desses homens (n=24) não haviam completado o Ensino Fundamental, 58,8% (n=40) eram usuários de álcool e 54,8% (n=40) conviviam com a mulher no momento da agressão. Ademais, 61,2% (n=41) deles foram processados por violência física contra a mulher, mas apenas 1,3% (n=1) reincidiram nesta forma de agressão após a participação no GR. Estes foram descritos como um mecanismo acessível na prevenção da violência, pois proporciona cuidado, aprendizado e reflexão, porém, demanda por maiores pesquisas e investimentos que se aproximem de outras políticas sociais a fim de construir uma rede sólida de reformulação das relações sociais de gênero.
Household ecology, environments and technical processes among the Potiguara of Jaraguá village (Paraíba, Brazil)
Authors: Araújo Marianna de Queiroz
Published: November 2019

Abstract This article focuses on the technical activities carried out by members of Potiguara households within the diverse environments that constitute the territory inhabited by these indigenous people. Such activities are the result of choices and strategies organized to meet the needs of these households (family groups of at least three generations), properly conforming a household ecology. The technical processes that result from this ecology are centred on individual and collective experiences in mangroves, floodplains and the patchy remnants of the Atlantic Forest, as well as in urban contexts, enabling the development of diversified skills and the acquisition of knowledge about techniques and materials. In this way, the Potiguara at present engage in fishing, agricultural, grazing and extractive activities, building on a local traditional knowledge that allows them to effectively associate materials of diverse origins, both those found locally and those of industrial provenance.
Synthesis of enriched biochar as a vehicle for phosphorus in tropical soils
Authors: MATOSO Stella Cristiani Gonçalves , WADT Paulo Guilherme Salvador , SOUZA JÚNIOR Valdomiro Severino de , PÉREZ Xosé Lois Otero
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Phosphorus (P) is one of the nutrients that most limits agricultural productivity, especially in tropical soils. Enriched biochar has been proposed to increase the bioavailability of P and other nutrients in the soil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the availability of P in phosphate biochar (composed of biomass and soil) as a function of the triple superphosphate mixture before and after the pyrolysis process. We produced eight types of enriched biochar via pyrolysis by combining sandy or clayey soil with rice or coffee husk, and by adding triple superphosphate before or after pyrolysis. The heating of the phosphate fertilizer during the pyrolysis process resulted in a higher crystallinity of the phosphates, lower content of labile fractions of P and lower content of available P in phosphate biochars than when the superphosphate was added after pyrolysis.
Diversity of parasitoid wasps in conventional and organic guarana (Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis) cultivation areas in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: SCHOENINGER Karine , SOUZA Jorge L.P. , KRUG Cristiane , OLIVEIRA Marcio L.
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT We surveyed parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) in two guarana plantations in the central Brazilian Amazon (one conventionally, and one organically managed), as well as in adjacent forest and edge areas between crop and forest. We evaluated differences between management systems in parasitoid diversity and abundance, and assessed the importance of the surrounding matrix as a source of parasitoid wasps for guarana cultivation. Parasitoid wasp richness, abundance and taxonomic composition (at family level) were compared between plantations, and among habitats within plantations. Wasps were sampled using Malaise and Moericke traps. A total of 25,951 parasitoid wasps (10,828 in the conventional, and 15,123 in the organic crop area) were collected, and were distributed in 11 superfamilies and 38 families. In the conventional management area, the greatest abundance and richness of parasitoids were recorded in the adjacent forest, while, in the organic management area, the greatest abundance and richness were recorded in the crop-forest edge. Parasitoid wasp family richness was not influenced by management system and habitat but varied significantly between trap types. Average wasp abundance varied significantly between management systems. The presence of adjacent forest in both cultivation areas likely contributed to a greater abundance and richness of parasitoid wasps, showing the importance of preserving forest areas near the plantations.
A new species of Coccoloba P. Browne (Polygonaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon with exceptionally large leaves
Authors: MELO Efigenia de , FERREIRA Carlos Alberto CID , GRIBEL Rogério
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT We describe and illustrate a new species of Coccoloba (Polygonaceae), named Coccoloba gigantifolia, from the Brazilian Amazon. It resembles Coccoloba mollis Casar, but differs from the latter species by its much larger leaves in the fertile branches. The species has only been recorded in the Madeira River basin, in the states of Amazonas and Rondônia, in the central and southwestern Brazilian Amazon. The description was based on herbarium material, cultivated plants, and individual trees in their natural habitat. We provide illustrations, photographs, and an identification key with morphological characteristics that distinguish the new taxon from the other two related taxa of the Coccoloba sect. Paniculatae, as well as comments on the geographic distribution and conservation status of the species.
Characterization of bacterial endophytes from the roots of native and cultivated Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa)
Authors: CHALITA Patrícia Bombonati , FARIAS Eliane do Nascimento Cunha , COSTA Ismaele Breckenfeld da , SOUSA Brenda Ferreira , SANTOS Marco Antônio Oliveira dos , ALBUQUERQUE Teresinha Costa Silveira de , VITAL Marcos José Salgado , SILVA Krisle da
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Brazil nut is a very important nontimber forest product in the Amazon region. Propagation of this tree still represents a challenge due to slow and uneven seed germination. In this context, plant growth-promoting bacteria can facilitate the process of propagation. The aims of this study were to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from the roots of Brazil nut trees in native terra firme forest and cultivation areas in northern Brazil, and to identify mechanisms by which bacteria act in plant growth promotion. Overall, 90 bacterial isolates were obtained from the roots of Brazil nut trees in monoculture, agroforestry and native forest areas by using different semisolid media. The isolates were characterized by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Plant growth-promoting characteristics were evaluated by the presence of the nifH gene, aluminum phosphate solubilization and the production of indole compounds. The isolates were affiliated with 18 genera belonging to 5 different classes (α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria, Bacilli and Actinobacteria). The genus Bacillus was predominant in the forest and monoculture areas. Fourteen isolates presented the nifH gene. Most of the bacteria were able to solubilize aluminum phosphate and synthetize indole compounds. The results indicated high diversity of endophytic bacteria present among the roots of Brazil nut trees, mainly in the agroforestry area, which could be related to soil attributes. Among the 90 isolates, the 22 that presented the best results regarding plant growth promotion traits were good candidates for testing in seedling production of Brazil nut trees.
Biometric relationships between body size and otolith size in 15 demersal marine fish species from the northern Brazilian coast
Authors: OLIVEIRA Rory Romero de Sena , ANDRADE Marcelo Costa , MACHADO Fabiola Seabra , CUNHA Élida Jesana Santana , FREITAS Flaviane Souto de , KLAUTAU Alex Garcia Cavalleiro de Macedo , GIARRIZZO Tommaso , SAINT-PAUL Ulrich
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The relationships between fish size and sagitta otolith measurements were calculated for the first time for 15 species belonging to six families from the northern Brazilian coast. A total of 220 fish were sampled from the bycatch landed by the bottom-trawl industrial shrimp-fishing fleet between August and September 2016. All species had strong relationships between otolith measurements and fish total length with the coefficient of determination (r 2) ranging between 0.71 and 0.99. The variable most strongly related to fish total length was found to be the sagittal otolith length (OL) with 98% of the variability. These relationships are a useful tool to estimate length and mass of preyed fish from otoliths found in stomach contents of marine predators.
Predation of Boana boans (Anura, Hylidae) by an opportunistic frugivorous primate
Authors: CAVALCANTE Thiago , SIMÕES Pedro Ivo , MOURTHE Italo
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Although relatively common among omnivorous primates, anurophagy is still poorly documented in frugivorous species. Here we report the predation of a giant gladiator treefrog (Boana boans) by a large arboreal frugivore, the gray woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha cana). The predation event occurred in a stretch of riparian forest located in a fragmented region in Cacoal, Rondônia state, in southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. Anurans can be a profitable, non-contested, and relatively easily acquired alternative resource for gray woolly monkeys, helping to fulfill their demand for protein, especially in periods of fruit scarcity. This new record broadens the knowledge on the natural history and predators of the giant gladiator frog.
SUPPORTED SELF-CARE ACTIONS FOR CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS WITH CHRONIC DISEASES
Authors: Fernandes Leiliane Teixeira Bento , Nóbrega Vanessa Medeiros da , Sales Malueska Luacche Xavier Ferreira , Reichert Altamira Pereira da Silva , Moura Flávia Moura de , Collet Neusa
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze actions of Primary Health Care teams from the perspective of supported self-care for children and adolescents with chronic diseases. Method: a qualitative study, conducted between April and August 2016, with 11 primary care professionals from a municipality of Paraíba, Brazil. A semi-structured interview supported data collection; and a thematic analysis backed interpretation, which categorized the actions according to the 5 A ́s methodology (Evaluation, Guidance, Agreement, Assistance, Follow-up). Results: there were insufficient actions in the specific care plans. Isolated interventions are performed including: assessment of barriers to self-care and emotional state of the individual; provision of information on signs, symptoms of disease and treatment; stimulating the search for community resources; actions inherent to professional training; and follow-up by active search and home visits. Conclusions: actions in Primary Health Care do not yet value the active and co-responsible role of the individual in the control of their disease, with gaps to be overcome in the five pillars of supported self-care. Intervention studies are recommended that train professionals regarding supported self-care of these individuals.
CONCEPT ANALYSIS STRATEGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MIDDLE-RANGE NURSING THEORIES
Authors: Brandão Marcos Antônio Gomes , Mercês Claudia Angélica Mainenti Ferreira , Lopes Rafael Oliveira Pitta , Martins Jaqueline Santos de Andrade , Souza Priscilla Alfradique de , Primo Cândida Caniçali
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on strengths and limitations of the concept analysis strategies as resources for the development of middle-range nursing theories. Method: a reflection study of metatheoretical nature. Results: strategies for concept analysis for the development of middle-range nursing theories are presented. The philosophical foundations of concepts and their interface with the analytical procedures were presented. It has been found that Nursing uses three approaches for concept analysis: adapted Wilsonian, evolutionary and pragmatic utility. The concept analysis strategy was illustrated by the Interactive Theory of Breastfeeding. Conclusion: concept analysis strategies have been employed in nursing to develop theories and to refine the concepts and terminologies used in research and practice. Despite their widespread use, there is still great diversity of methods used and some uncertainties that hinder their implementation.
A ICONOGRAFIA LINEAR DA EVOLUÇÃO NA PERSPECTIVA DE DOCENTES QUE ATUAM NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: SANTOS PATRÍCIA DA SILVA , PUGLIESE ADRIANA , SANTOS CHARLES MORPHY D.
Published: November 2019

RESUMO: A marcha dos hominídeos tem influenciado fortemente a percepção das pessoas sobre a teoria evolutiva. Nesse artigo, analisamos se tal representação da evolução afeta a percepção dos educadores sobre Biologia e Ensino de Ciências. Através de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com a participação de professores de uma escola da periferia de São Paulo, notamos a falta de conhecimento aprofundado sobre a teoria evolutiva, suas representações iconográficas e a importância do conceito evolutivo de ancestralidade comum. Analisando as respostas de professores das Ciências Naturais e de outras áreas, percebe-se que uma abordagem interdisciplinar pouco se faz presente, afastando os educadores de um entendimento mais amplo sobre o contexto histórico das teorias científicas. A marcha do progresso parece ajudar a perpetuar a ideia da inexorabilidade do “progresso biológico”, com o homem branco como estágio superior da evolução. Grande parte dos docentes parece basear sua percepção sobre ciência em noções de senso comum.
Perspectivas do uso de mineração de dados e aprendizado de máquina em saúde e segurança no trabalho
Authors: Fernandes Fernando Timoteo , Chiavegatto Filho Alexandre Dias Porto
Published: November 2019

Resumo Introdução: a variedade, volume e velocidade de geração de dados (big data) possibilitam novas e mais complexas análises. Objetivo: discutir e apresentar técnicas de mineração de dados (data mining) e de aprendizado de máquina (machine learning) para auxiliar pesquisadores de Saúde e Segurança no Trabalho (SST) na escolha da técnica adequada para lidar com big data. Métodos: revisão bibliográfica com foco em data mining e no uso de análises preditivas com machine learning e suas aplicações para auxiliar diagnósticos e predição de riscos em SST. Resultados: a literatura indica que aplicações de data mining com algoritmos de machine learning para análises preditivas em saúde pública e em SST apresentam melhor desempenho em comparação com análises tradicionais. São sugeridas técnicas de acordo com o tipo de pesquisa almejada. Discussão: data mining tem se tornado uma alternativa cada vez mais comum para lidar com bancos de dados de saúde pública, possibilitando analisar grandes volumes de dados de morbidade e mortalidade. Tais técnicas não visam substituir o fator humano, mas auxiliar em processos de tomada de decisão, servir de ferramenta para a análise estatística e gerar conhecimento para subsidiar ações que possam melhorar a qualidade de vida do trabalhador.
LA FELICIDAD EN EL TRABAJO: VALIDACIÓN DE UNA ESCALA DE MEDIDA
Authors: Ramirez-Garcia Carolina , Perea Juan García-Álvarez de , Junco Julio Garcia-Del
Published: November 2019

RESUMEN La felicidad del trabajador es un factor determinante de su eficiencia a corto y a largo plazo. En la literatura encontramos intentos de medir dicha felicidad directamente, y otros centrados en conocer cuáles son los elementos que generan esta felicidad. El presente trabajo realiza el análisis de validez de una escala propuesta por Del Junco, Espasandín, Dutschke y Palacios (2013) en la que se exponen factores determinantes de la felicidad del trabajador. El trabajo aporta una guía para la validación de escalas con un enfoque estructural y confirmatorio, basada en los datos de 262 empresas de la provincia de Sevilla (España). Asimismo, la escala muestra dos dimensiones (factores relacionados con el puesto de trabajo y factores relacionados con el trabajador) que confirman la necesidad de combinar la perspectiva del individuo y del entorno a la hora de analizar la felicidad laboral.
Emergence of Razor Grass on the Basis of Origin and Seed Depth in the Soil Profile
Authors: MARQUES A.S. , MARCHI S.R. , PINHEIRO G.H.R. , MARQUES R.F. , MARTINS C.C.
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: Razor grass (Paspalum virgatum L) is one weed that has gain importance because of its high seed production capability, mainly when pasture fields need to be renewed. Understanding seedling emergence behavior is crucial to devise strategies to manage this weed. This trial was carried out to evaluate the emergence pattern of razor grass seedlings on the basis of seed depth in the soil profile. The experiment was conducted in a green-house in a completely randomized design, with six replications. The treatments performed in a 11 x 3 factorial arrangement: eleven seeding depths (surface, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0 and 10.0 cm) by three ecotypes (Rondonópolis, Redenção and Cacoal, Brazil). The effect of origin and seed depth was measured by number of emerged seedlings, emergence speed index, relative emergence frequency, mean emergence time and emergence synchrony of seedlings at 35 days after planting. The seeds of ecotype Rondonópolis had higher vigor than those of ecotype Redenção, which had higher vigor that the ones of ecotype Cacoal. The highest seedling emergence percentage, uniformity and speed were found when the seeds were located at the soil surface, regardless of seed origin. There was no seedling emergence when the seeds of ecotypes Rondonópolis and Cacoal were located at a depth equal to or higher than 8.0 cm; and of ecotype Redenção when they were at a depth equal or higher than 7.0 cm.