bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Cellulosic Paper-Based Test Strips for Mercury(II) Determination in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Wang Shoujuan , Xu Zhen , Fang Yongyi , Liu Zhongming , Zhao Xin , Yang Guihua , Kong Fangong
Published: November 2018

Titration method (dropping-on method) was introduced as an efficient approach for determining the mercury ion (Hg2+) concentration in aqueous solution by using fabricated cellulosic paper-based test strips. In this study, dithizone used as a recognition reagent was physically loaded on cellulosic paper-based test strips for Hg2+ selective recognition. The sensing mechanism was established on the spectral absorption rate of the coordination compound that was formed by dithizone and Hg2+ under strong acidic conditions. The calibration curve was obtained by the absorbency of Hg2+-dithizone complexes from different Hg2+ concentration solutions, and the correlation coefficient (R2) reached 0.9971. The detection range of the test trip for Hg2+ was obtained at 0.1 μg/mL to 30 μg/mL. Moreover, these superior cellulosic paper-based test strips have a rapid color-forming time (1.5 min) and low volume demand (3.7 μL samples at 0.0127 g/L dithizone recognition concentration). This portable paper-based test strip can give potential applications for field screening or on-site semiquantitative analysis.
High‐Temperature Superconducting Cable Design Based on Individual Insulated Conductors
Authors: Cheetham Peter , Viquez Jose , Kim WooJin , Graber Lukas , Kim Chul H. , Pamidi Sastry V.
Published: November 2018

The idea of insulating individual high‐temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes was explored as a dielectric design to reduce the risk and complexity of HTS cable manufacturing. Applying insulation on individual HTS tapes is amenable to continuous manufacturing processes and opens up material choices for the insulation. In this study, heat shrink insulation was selected as the material choice for exploring the possibility of this design philosophy because of its commercial availability in multiple thicknesses. A systematic set of selection criteria was developed for the selection of appropriate heat shrink for given HTS tape dimensions. The cryogenic dielectric characteristics of insulated HTS tapes were evaluated both in liquid nitrogen and gaseous helium environments at 77 K. Dielectric characteristics of tapes with a single layer of thicker insulation were compared with those insulated using multiple layers of thinner insulation to evaluate the relative merits of each method. Several model power cables were fabricated using the PET insulated tapes, and their dielectric behavior was evaluated at 77 K in gaseous helium environment. The results suggest that the explored method is useful for HTS power cables operating at low voltages (<1,000 V) primarily due to the limitation on achieving thick insulation with high quality using heat shrink tubing. The suitable processes of insulating longer lengths of samples with additional dielectric benefits are discussed.
Experimental Study on Limestone Cohesive Particle Model and Crushing Simulation
Authors: Fang Huaiying , Xing Dawei , Yang Jianhong , Liu Fulin , Chen Junlong , Li Jiansheng
Published: November 2018

This study investigates the effect of impact velocity and particle size on crushing characteristics. We use a discrete‐element method simulation and construct cohesive limestone particles with internal microinterfaces and cracks for impact crushing experimentation. The simulation model follows the same process as the impact crushing experiment. Results show that, after crushing at impact velocities of 30 and 40 m/s, the simulated particle‐size distribution curve matches experimental results as closely as 95%. For different particle sizes, results are more than 90% in agreement. These results indicate the feasibility of the cohesive‐particle crushing simulation model. When the particle size is 15 mm, an approximate linear relationship exists on impact velocity and crushing ratio. For a constant impact velocity, the particle size of 18 mm results in the maximum crushing ratio.
Network Design towards Sustainability of Chinese Baijiu Industry from a Supply Chain Perspective
Authors: Jiang Xianglan , Xu Jiuping , Luo Jiarong , Zhao Fei
Published: November 2018

Sustainable supply chain network design has attracted great attention of academia and industry in recent years. Baijiu is one of the world’s oldest distilled alcoholic beverages and plays a significant role in Chinese culture and Chinese people’s daily life. As the production and consumption of Baijiu have a significant influence on the economic, environmental, and social performance of supply chain management, sustainable supply chain network design decisions are critical to the long-term success of the industry. In concert with the rapidly growing Chinese economy, there is a growing demand for a sustainable Baijiu industry. Therefore, this paper constructs and optimizes a network decision-support model for a sustainable Baijiu industry network design. To achieve this, the Baijiu supply chain is examined and a model is proposed for a design that encompasses economic (costs), environmental (carbon emissions), and social (local employment and regional per capita GDP) dimensions. R language programming is then applied to solve the model. A case example indicated that S1 was the optimal decision for reducing costs, S2 was the optimal solution for minimizing carbon emissions, and S3 was the best for maximizing the social impact. Considering the situation of the Baijiu industry and the focal enterprise, it was concluded that S1 would be the best solution for the case company. And the results verified the effectiveness of the framework. This paper develops a systematic and effective approach that decision-makers can use to conduct sustainable network design for Baijiu enterprises.
Risk Assessment of Kumasi Metropolis Population in Ghana through Consumption of Fish Contaminated with Formaldehyde
Authors: Asare-Donkor Noah Kyame , Adaagoam Raymond Akanwi , Voegborlo Ray Bright , Adimado Anthony Apeke
Published: November 2018

This study evaluates the exposure of the Ghanaian population of the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana to formaldehyde through the consumption of fish using 3-Methyl-2-Benzothiazoline Hydrazone method, with trichloroacetic acid as an extracting agent. A total of sixty (60) fish species comprising both local and imported fish were bought from cold stores and fish ponds were analysed. Formaldehyde was found in all the species analysed with concentration ranging from 0.174 to 3.710 μgg−1. However, the levels were still lower than 5 mg/kg, which is the maximum limit established by the Malaysian Food Act and Regulation for formaldehyde in fish. The estimated daily intake values for formaldehyde in the fish species analysed ranged between 4.233 × 10−4 and 3.661 × 10−3 mg/kg BW/day and this was less than the acceptable daily intake of 0.15 and 0.2 mg/kg BW/day suggested by World Health Organization and the United States Environmental Protection Agency for formaldehyde intake, respectively. The results for the hazard quotient calculated for all the species were less than one suggesting that the amount of formaldehyde in the fish is not likely to pose any potential adverse health effects to consumers. Thus, wet fish from Kumasi may be considered safe for consumption because of low formaldehyde content.
A Pooled Analysis of Growth and Tolerance of Infants Exclusively Fed Partially Hydrolyzed Whey or Intact Protein-Based Infant Formulas
Authors: Czerkies Laura A. , Kineman Brian D. , Cohen Sarah S. , Reichert Heidi , Carvalho Ryan S.
Published: November 2018

Background. For infants who are partially or exclusively fed infant formula, many options exist with compositional differences between formulas making choices difficult for caregivers and healthcare professionals. The protein in routine infant formulas differs by the source, fraction of cow’s milk protein used, and degree of hydrolysis. All commercially available regulated infant formulas support growth and development, but different stool patterns have been observed based on formula composition. A pooled analysis of seven clinical trials was conducted to examine growth, stool consistency, and stool frequency of infants fed an intact cow’s milk-based formula (CMF) or a partially hydrolyzed whey formula (PHF-W) from a single manufacturer. Methods. Individual subject data from seven infant formula growth studies (3 CMF, 4 PHF-W) were pooled and analyzed. All studies included healthy, full-term, formula-fed infants enrolled at 14 days of age with outcomes assessed over 4 months. Gains in weight and length to 4 months were analyzed using linear regression accounting for clustering within study. Outcomes of caregiver-reported stool consistency and frequency were analyzed using a longitudinal multinomial model. Results. Data from 511 infants were included (197 CMF, 314 PHF-W). There were no differences in weight gain between groups. There was no difference in length gain in girls fed PHF-W while boys fed PHF-W had a significant difference of +0.016 cm/month compared to boys fed CMF. Infants fed PHF-W had a significantly higher probability of soft and lower probability of hard stools as compared to infants fed CMF at each time point (p<0.001). Stool frequency was similar between groups. Conclusions. Infants fed CMF and PHF-W exhibit appropriate growth with comparable gains in weight and length through 4 months. More soft and fewer hard stools are observed in infants fed PHF-W compared to CMF. This difference could help to inform decision-making when choosing an infant formula.
A New Formulation on Seismic Risk Assessment for Reinforced Concrete Structures with Both Random and Bounded Uncertainties
Authors: Liu Xiao-Xiao , Wang Yuan-Sheng
Published: November 2018

A new formulation on seismic risk assessment for structures with both random and uncertain-but-bounded variables is investigated in this paper. Limit thresholds are regarded as random variables. The median of random variables is described through an improved multidimensional parallelepiped (IMP) convex model, in which the uncertain domain of the dependent bounded variables can be explicitly expressed. The corresponding Engineering Demand Parameters are taken to be dependent and follow a multidimensional lognormal distribution. Through matrix transformation, a given performance function is transformed into the regularized one. An effective method based on active learning Kriging model (ALK) is introduced to approximate the performance function in the region of interest rather than in the overall uncertain space. Based on ALK model, the failure probabilities for different limit states are calculated by using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). Further, the failure probabilities for different limit states in 50 years can be obtained through coupling the seismic failure probability with the ground motion hazard curve. A six-story reinforced concrete building subjected to ground motions is investigated to the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. The interstory drift and the acceleration as two responses of the case study are, respectively, obtained by utilizing Incremental Dynamic Analysis and nonlinear history analysis.
The Crosstalk between Cancer Stem Cells and Microenvironment Is Critical for Solid Tumor Progression: The Significant Contribution of Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Ciardiello Chiara , Leone Alessandra , Budillon Alfredo
Published: November 2018

Several evidences nowadays demonstrated the critical role of the microenvironment in regulating cancer stem cells and their involvement in tumor progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered as one of the most effective vehicles of information among cells. Accordingly, a number of studies led to the recognition of stem cell-associated EVs as new complexes able to contribute to cell fate determination of either normal or tumor cells. In this review, we aim to highlight an existing bidirectional role of EV-mediated communication—from cancer stem cells to microenvironment and also from microenvironment to cancer stem cells—in the most widespread solid cancers as prostate, breast, lung, and colon tumors.
Comparison of Asphalt Mixtures Designed Using the Marshall and Improved GTM Methods
Authors: Lv Jianbing , Zhancheng Xu , Yingmei Yin , Jiantong Zhang , Xiaolong Sun , Chuanhai Wu
Published: November 2018

The Marshall method is today considered the standard method of asphalt mixture design for practical engineering applications. By using this method, engineering designers reap the benefits of its easy implementation and inexpensive equipment requirements. However, the Marshall method also has shortcomings and limitations, such as the difficulty in simulating the actual working conditions of a road under heavy load. Therefore, it is desirable to develop alternative methods for designing asphalt mixtures that can simulate the actual conditions under which the road will be used and so enable technically superior road construction. The emergence of the gyratory testing machine (GTM) method represents a new direction in asphalt mixture design that could plan more effectively for heavy loads in a hot and humid environment. In this paper, the two design methods are compared on the basis of the oil‐stone ratio, high‐temperature stability, water stability, and rutting resistance of the mixes they recommend. We put forward an improved GTM method suitable for the high temperatures and heavy traffic in Guangdong Province. This work provides a foundation for the large‐scale popularization and application of the GTM method.
Building Resilience to Climate Change: Pilot Evaluation of the Impact of India’s First Heat Action Plan on All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Hess Jeremy J. , LM Sathish , Knowlton Kim , Saha Shubhayu , Dutta Priya , Ganguly Parthasarathi , Tiwari Abhiyant , Jaiswal Anjali , Sheffield Perry , Sarkar Jayanta , Bhan S. C. , Begda Amit , Shah Tejas , Solanki Bhavin , Mavalankar Dileep
Published: November 2018

Background. Ahmedabad implemented South Asia’s first heat action plan (HAP) after a 2010 heatwave. This study evaluates the HAP’s impact on all-cause mortality in 2014–2015 relative to a 2007–2010 baseline. Methods. We analyzed daily maximum temperature (Tmax)-mortality relationships before and after HAP. We estimated rate ratios (RRs) for daily mortality using distributed lag nonlinear models and mortality incidence rates (IRs) for HAP warning days, comparing pre- and post-HAP periods, and calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs). We estimated the number of deaths avoided after HAP implementation using pre- and post-HAP IRs. Results. The maximum pre-HAP RR was 2.34 (95%CI 1.98–2.76) at 47°C (lag 0), and the maximum post-HAP RR was 1.25 (1.02–1.53) estimated at 47°C (lag 0). Post-to-pre-HAP nonlagged mortality IRR for Tmax over 40°C was 0.95 (0.73–1.22) and 0.73 (0.29–1.81) for Tmax over 45°C. An estimated 1,190 (95%CI 162–2,218) average annualized deaths were avoided in the post-HAP period. Conclusion. Extreme heat and HAP warnings after implementation were associated with decreased summertime all-cause mortality rates, with largest declines at highest temperatures. Ahmedabad’s plan can serve as a guide for other cities attempting to increase resilience to extreme heat.
A Comparison Analysis of Surrogate Safety Measures with Car-Following Perspectives for Advanced Driver Assistance System
Authors: Tak Sehyun , Kim Sunghoon , Lee Donghoun , Yeo Hwasoo
Published: November 2018

Surrogate Safety Measure (SSM) is one of the most widely used methods for identifying future threats, such as rear-end collision. Various SSMs have been proposed for the application of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), including Forward Collision Warning System (FCWS) and Emergency Braking System (EBS). The existing SSMs have been mainly used for assessing criticality of a certain traffic situation or detecting critical actions, such as severe braking maneuvers and jerking before an accident. The ADAS shows different warning signals or movements from drivers’ driving behaviours depending on the SSM employed in the system, which may lead to low reliability and low satisfaction. In order to explore the characteristics of existing SSMs in terms of human driving behaviours, this study analyzes collision risks estimated by three different SSMs, including Time-To-Collision (TTC), Stopping Headway Distance (SHD), and Deceleration-based Surrogate Safety Measure (DSSM), based on two different car-following theories, such as action point model and asymmetric driving behaviour model. The results show that the estimated collision risks of the TTC and SHD only partially match the pattern of human driving behaviour. Furthermore, the TTC and SHD overestimate the collision risk in deceleration process, particularly when the subject vehicle is faster than its preceding vehicle. On the other hand, the DSSM shows well-matched results to the pattern of the human driving behaviour. It well represents the collision risk even when the preceding vehicle moves faster than the follower one. Moreover, unlike other SSMs, the DSSM shows a balanced performance to estimate the collision risk in both deceleration and acceleration phase. These research findings suggest that the DSSM has a great potential to enhance the driver’s compliance to the ADAS, since it can reflect how the driver perceives the collision risks according to the driving behaviours in the car-following situation.
Application of Control Rods for Passively Suppressing Cross‐Flow VIV of an Inclined Flexible Cylinder
Authors: Xu Wanhai , Qin Wenqi , Lu Yan
Published: November 2018

Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the cross‐flow (CF) vortex‐induced vibration (VIV) suppression effectiveness of an inclined flexible cylinder by using control rods. 4 control rods with a diameter of 0.25D (where D is the diameter of the main cylinder) and outer wall distance between the control rod and the main cylinder of 0.50D were attached to the main cylinder. The uniform flow was simulated by towing the cylinder models along a water tank. The corresponding flow velocity ranged from 0.05 to 1.00 m/s with an interval of 0.05 m/s. Two inclination angle cases (a = 0° and 45°) were selected in the experiment. The inclination angle a referred to the angle between the main cylinder axis and the plane orthogonal to the oncoming flow. The experimental results indicate that the control rods can effectively mitigate the CF VIV responses, such as the bending strain, displacement amplitude, dominant frequency, and dominant mode, of both the vertical (a = 0°) and inclined (a = 45°) flexible cylinders. The suppression effectiveness of the control rods on the 45° inclined cylinder is as good as that on the vertical cylinder, and the average suppressing efficiency of the control rods is even better on the 45° inclined cylinder.
Anthropometric Indicators of Adiposity Related to Body Weight and Body Shape as Cardiometabolic Risk Predictors in British Young Adults: Superiority of Waist-to-Height Ratio
Authors: Amirabdollahian Farzad , Haghighatdoost Fahimeh
Published: November 2018

Frequently reported poor dietary habits of young adults increase their risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Excess adiposity is the most established predictor of MetS, and numerous anthropometric measures have been proposed as proxy indicators of adiposity. We aimed to assess prevalence of MetS in young adult population and to make comparison between weight- and shape-oriented measures of adiposity to identify the best index in association with measured body fat and as a risk predictor for MetS. Healthy males and females aged 18–25 years from the Northwest of England were recruited using convenience sampling (n=550). As part of the assessment of the overall health of young adults, the biochemical variables and adiposity measures BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), new BMI, Body Adiposity Index (BAI), Clinica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE), and A Body Shape Index (ABSI) were assessed. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between the proxy indices of adiposity and measured percentage body fat. The odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to investigate the relationship between cardiometabolic (CM) risk factors and proxy measures of adiposity. The discriminatory power of these measures for diagnosis of MetS was investigated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Body weight-related indicators of adiposity, particularly CUN-BAE, had stronger association with measured body fat compared with body shape-related indices. In relation with MetS, body shape-related indices, particularly elevated WC and WHtR, had stronger associations with CM risk compared with body weight-related measures. Amongst all indices, the best predictor for CM risk was WHtR, while ABSI had the weakest correlation with body fat, MetS, and CM risk. Indices directly associated with WC and specifically WHtR had greater diagnostic power in detection of CM risk in young adults.
Opinions and Treatment Decisions for Dental Erosive Wear: A Questionnaire Survey among Icelandic Dentists
Authors: Mulic Aida , Árnadòttir Inga B. , Jensdottir Torbjòrg , Kopperud Simen E.
Published: November 2018

Dental erosive wear (DEW) is common among children and adolescents, and a survey of Icelandic children showed that 30.7% of 15-year-olds were diagnosed with the condition. Objective. To gain knowledge about dental practitioners’ experiences, opinions, and treatment decisions. Materials and Methods. A precoded questionnaire, previously used among Norwegian dentists, was sent electronically to all dentists in Iceland (n = 341). Results. The response rate was 64.2%, and 58% of dentists were male. More than half of the clinicians (54%) thought that prevalence had increased the last 10–15 years, and 67% reported it to be more common in male. Most (96%) recorded presence of DEW, but only 4% used a detailed scoring system. Lesions were mostly on occlusal surfaces of first mandibular molars (73%), on palatal in upper anterior teeth (61%), and on occlusal of maxillary first molars (36%). Most dentists (74%) reported a probable cause, e.g., high consumption of carbonated beverages (98%), acidic juices (68%), sport drinks (58%), reflux (54%), and eating disorders (20%). Dietary history was often recorded by 38%, and 65% never measured saliva. Most of the dentists (88%) treated patients themselves, and half of them preferred prevention with high fluoride and resin sealants. While some dentists wanted to restore teeth more invasively, most considered to restore with a filling. Conclusion. Icelandic dentists seem to be well educated for diagnosis and treatment of dental erosion, and dentists are aware of a minimally invasive approach. Clinical Significance. It is challenging for dentists to make the best treatment decision for patients with DEW, both in a short perspective and long perspective. At present, little is known about their knowledge and treatment approach, and there is no standard treatment which can be recommended. Therefore, the present study investigated dental practitioners’ treatment decisions, as well as knowledge, experiences, and awareness of DEW.
Vortex Structures inside Spherical Mesoscopic Superconductor Plus Magnetic Dipole
Authors: Ludu A.
Published: November 2018

We investigate the existence of multivortex states in a superconducting mesoscopic sphere with a magnetic dipole placed at the center. We obtain analytic solutions for the order parameter Ψ(r→) inside the sphere through the linearized Ginzburg-Landau (GL) model, coupled with mixed boundary conditions, and under regularity conditions and decoupling coordinates approximation. The solutions of the linear GL equation are obtained in terms of Heun double confluent functions, in dipole coordinates symmetry. The analyticity of the solutions and the associated eigenproblem are discussed thoroughly. We minimize the free energy for the fully nonlinear GL system by using linear combinations of linear analytic solutions, and we provide the conditions of occurring multivortex states. The results are not restricted to the particular spherical geometry, since the present formalism can be extended for large samples, up to infinite superconducting space plus magnetic dipole.
Computer Numerical Controlled Grinding and Physical Vapor Deposition for Fused Deposition Modelled Workpieces
Authors: Lavecchia Fulvio , Percoco Gianluca , Pei Eujin , Galantucci Luigi Maria
Published: November 2018

The use of additive manufacturing (AM) enables companies to directly produce complex end‐use parts. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an AM technology based on an extrusion process of fabricating parts. This layer‐by‐layer method results in a poor surface finish, and as a result, manual finishing is often required, which consequentially reduces the definition of the geometrical features. This research proposes a novel way of achieving high surface finishing by using additive and finishing processes, followed by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) coating. Two test pieces were produced, the first one was subjected to computer numerical controlled (CNC) mechanical grinding with appropriate grades of grindstones; the second one was subjected to microsandblasting to remove excess material and the stair‐stepping effect. Both test pieces were then subjected to a PVD coating process to provide a metal thin film. To benchmark the test pieces, the authors used a coordinate measure machine for dimensions and a roughness meter to verify the effectiveness of this postprocessing approach.
The Effects of Radix Astragali Water Abstract on Energy Metabolism in Rat Yang‐Deficiency Cold Syndrome Model through PPAR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yu Wanchen , Zhao Haijun , Zong Xin , Ji Xuming , Han Xiaochun , Wang Yanfang , Zhang Yanan , Ma Ke , Cui Ning , Wang Shijun
Published: November 2018

Radix Astragali (RA) herb with warm property and significant “tonifying qi” effects is indicated for the syndrome of internal cold due to Yang deficiency. The purpose of this research was to explore effects of Radix Astragali (RA) through PPAR signaling pathway on gene expression profiles related to energy metabolism in rats with the Yang‐deficiency cold (YDC) syndrome, for identifying the pathological mechanism of Yang‐deficiency cold (YDC) syndrome and the effects mechanism of RA. The results indicated that RA could significantly increase body weight (BM), cold and heat tendency (CT), overall temperature (OT), rectum temperature (RT), toe temperature (TT), energy intake (EI), and V(O2)/V(CO2) ratio (which indicates basal metabolism, BM) (P<0.05), enhancing the depressed metabolic function in YDC syndrome model rat. Our data also indicated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to energy metabolism involving lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids metabolic process; the expression of CPT‐1 and FABP4 (ap2) was improved; PPAR, Glycolysis, Wnt, cAMP, MAPK, AMPK, and fatty acid degradation signaling pathway may be related to energy metabolism. However, the Chinese herbal medicine RA plays a certain role in promoting the metabolism of substances and energy in rats by its warming and beneficial effect. Our results suggest that the mechanism underlying the function of RA may take effect through the regulation of PPAR signaling pathway and related gene expression. Lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids metabolic process may be affected to adjust the reduced metabolic function in the model animals. In general, results indicate that RA could promote energy metabolism in rats with the YDC syndrome via PPAR signaling pathway regulating the expression of CPT‐1 and FABP4 (ap2), which reflected the warm and qi tonifying properties of RA.
Development of Decision Support Model for Selecting a Maintenance Plan Using a Fuzzy MCDM Approach: A Theoretical Framework
Authors: Abdulgader Fathia Sghayer , Eid Rajeh , Daneshvar Rouyendegh Babak
Published: November 2018

In complex decision making, using multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) methodologies is the most scientific way to ensure an informed and justified decision between several alternatives. MCDMs have been used in different ways and with several applications that proved their efficiency in achieving this goal. In this research, the advantages and disadvantages of the different MCDM methodologies are studied, along with the different techniques implemented to increase their accuracy and precision. The main aim of the study is to develop a hybrid MCDM process that combines the strengths of several MCDM methods and apply it to choose the best fit maintenance policy/strategy for industrial application. Moreover, fuzzy linguistic terms are utilized in all of the used MCDM techniques in order to eliminate the uncertainty and ambiguity of the results. Through an extensive literature review performed on studies that have used MCDM methods in a hybrid context and using fuzzy linguistic terms, a model is developed to use fuzzy DEMATEL-AHP-TOPSIS hybrid technique. The model with its application is the first of its kind, which combines the strengths of fuzzy DEMATEL in establishing interrelationships between several criteria, as well as performing a pairwise comparison between the criteria for prioritization using the fuzzy AHP method. Thereafter, the alternatives are compared using fuzzy TOPSIS method by establishing negative and positive solutions and calculating the relative closeness for each of the alternatives. Furthermore, six main criteria, twenty criteria, and five alternatives are selected from the literature for the model application.
HVSR Analysis of Rockslide Seismic Signals to Assess the Subsoil Conditions and the Site Seismic Response
Authors: Lotti Alessia , Pazzi Veronica , Saccorotti Gilberto , Fiaschi Andrea , Matassoni Luca , Gigli Giovanni
Published: November 2018

Many Italian rock slopes are characterized by unstable rock masses that cause constant rock falls and rockslides. To effectively mitigate their catastrophic consequence thorough studies are required. Four velocimeters have been placed in the Torgiovannetto quarry area for an extensive seismic noise investigation. The study area (with an approximate surface of 200×100 m) is located near the town of Assisi (Italy) and is threatened by a rockslide. In this work, we present the results of the preliminary horizontal to vertical spectral ratio analysis of the acquired passive seismic data aimed at understanding the pattern of the seismic noise variation in case of stress state and/or weathering conditions (fluid content and microfracturing). The Torgiovannetto unstable slope has been monitored since 2003 by Alta Scuola of Perugia and the Department of Earth Sciences of the University of Firenze, after the observation of a first movement by the State Forestry Corps. The available data allowed an extensive comparison between seismic signals, displacement, and meteorological information. The measured displacements are well correlated with the precipitation trend, but unfortunately no resemblance with the seismic data was observed. However, a significant correlation between temperature data and the horizontal to vertical spectral ratio trend of the seismic noise could be identified. This can be related to the indirect effect of temperature on rock mass conditions and further extensive studies (also in the time frequency domain) are required to better comprehend this dependency. Finally, the continuous on-line data reveal interesting applications to provide near-real time warning systems for emerging potentially disastrous rockslides.
Dynamic Response of a Combined Isolation Based Mega‐Substructure under Bidirectional Near‐Fault Ground Motions
Authors: Yan Xueyuan , Chen Weihong , Shi Shen , Wang Xuan
Published: November 2018

A typical megaframe structure has a high lateral stiffness and is excellent for high‐rise structures. However, this high stiffness can lead to poor seismic response of a structure. Seismic isolation technology is a mature and cheap vibration control method that is used for vibration reduction in megaframes. This paper introduces a megaframe structure based on substructure combined isolation. The structure consists of two parts. The main body is a megaframe, and the substructure is the subframe with the combined isolation layer arranged at the bottom of the subframe. The seismic performance of this structure system was evaluated by performing shaking table tests of two megaframe model structures. The responses of the deformation, acceleration, and shear of the structure were measured. The dynamic behaviors of the structure with or without the combined isolation layer when exposed to single and bidirectional near‐fault and far‐fault ground motions with different peak values were investigated. The results showed that the combined isolation layer can reduce the bidirectional seismic response of the main frame and subframe. The acceleration, base shear, and displacement responses had similar vibration reduction trends for the two model structures, and the structural responses under bidirectional earthquake were generally greater than that under a single directional earthquake. The near‐fault pulse effect increased the seismic response of the structure. The increase of the predominant period of ground motion also increased the seismic response of the structure.
Predicting Freeway Work Zone Capacity Distribution Based on Logistic Speed-Density Models
Authors: Lu Chaoru , Dong Jing , Sharma Anuj , Huang Tingting , Knickerbocker Skylar
Published: November 2018

Speed-volume-density relationship and capacity are key elements in modelling traffic operations, designing roadways, and evaluating facility performance. This paper uses a modified five-parameter logistic model to describe the speed-density relationship. The calibrated speed-density models show that the stop-and-go speed (Vb) and shape parameters (θ1 and θ2) are similar for work zones and the nonwork zone site. Accordingly, an operational capacity prediction method is proposed. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the predicted operational capacities are compared with the field data, Highway Capacity Manual method, the output of WorkZoneQ software, and the ensemble tree approach under different work zone scenarios. Furthermore, a lifetime distribution prediction framework for stochastic capacity of work zones is proposed. The predicted lifetime distribution can well capture the tendency of the observed work zone capacities.
Cell Surface Notch Ligand DLL3 is a Therapeutic Target in Isocitrate Dehydrogenase–mutant Glioma
Authors: Spino Marissa , Kurz Sylvia C. , Chiriboga Luis , Serrano Jonathan , Zeck Briana , Sen Namita , Patel Seema , Shen Guomiao , Vasudevaraja Varshini , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Suryadevara Carter M. , Frenster Joshua D. , Tateishi Kensuke , Wakimoto Hiroaki , Jain Rajan , Riina Howard A. , Nicolaides Theodore P. , Sulman Erik P. , Cahill Daniel P. , Golfinos John G. , Isse Kumiko , Saunders Laura R. , Zagzag David , Placantonakis Dimitris G. , Snuderl Matija , Chi Andrew S.
Published: November 2018

Purpose:

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant glioma is a distinct glioma molecular subtype for which no effective molecularly directed therapy exists. Low-grade gliomas, which are 80%–90% IDH-mutant, have high RNA levels of the cell surface Notch ligand DLL3. We sought to determine DLL3 expression by IHC in glioma molecular subtypes and the potential efficacy of an anti-DLL3 antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), rovalpituzumab tesirine (Rova-T), in IDH-mutant glioma.

Experimental Design:

We evaluated DLL3 expression by RNA using TCGA data and by IHC in a discovery set of 63 gliomas and 20 nontumor brain tissues and a validation set of 62 known IDH wild-type and mutant gliomas using a monoclonal anti-DLL3 antibody. Genotype was determined using a DNA methylation array classifier or by sequencing. The effect of Rova-T on patient-derived endogenous IDH-mutant glioma tumorspheres was determined by cell viability assay.

Results:

Compared to IDH wild-type glioblastoma, IDH-mutant gliomas have significantly higher DLL3 RNA (P < 1 × 10−15) and protein by IHC (P = 0.0014 and P < 4.3 × 10−6 in the discovery and validation set, respectively). DLL3 immunostaining was intense and homogeneous in IDH-mutant gliomas, retained in all recurrent tumors, and detected in only 1 of 20 nontumor brains. Patient-derived IDH-mutant glioma tumorspheres overexpressed DLL3 and were potently sensitive to Rova-T in an antigen-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

DLL3 is selectively and homogeneously expressed in IDH-mutant gliomas and can be targeted with Rova-T in patient-derived IDH-mutant glioma tumorspheres. Our findings are potentially immediately translatable and have implications for therapeutic strategies that exploit cell surface tumor-associated antigens.
Is ctDNA the Road Map to the Landscape of the Clonal Mutational Evolution in Drug Resistance? Lessons from the PALOMA-3 Study and Implications for Precision Medicine
Authors: Schiff Rachel , Jeselsohn Rinath
Published: November 2018

Summary: The correlative circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) studies of the PALOMA-3 clinical trial showed that acquired resistance to fulvestrant and palbociclib is associated with clonal evolution and acquired mutations in RB1, PIK3CA, and ESR1, with the latter two related to fulvestrant resistance. These results highlight the potential of ctDNA as a tool to detect mechanisms of resistance and infer the next line of treatment. Cancer Discov; 8(11); 1352–4. ©2018 AACR.

See related article by O'Leary et al., p. 1390.
Expression Signature and Role of miR-30d-5p in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: a Comprehensive Study Based on in Silico Analysis of Public Databases and in Vitro Experiments
Authors: Gao Li , He Rong-quan , Wu Hua-yu , Zhang Tong-tong , Liang Hai-wei , Ye Zhi-hua , Li Zu-yun , Xie Ting-ting , Shi Qi , Ma Jie , Hu Xiao-hua , Chen Gang
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims: The purpose of this study was to probe the clinico-pathological significance and the underlying mechanism of miR-30d-5p expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We initially examined the level of miR-30d-5p expression in NSCLC and non-cancer tissues using RT-qPCR. Then, a series of validation analyses including a meta-analysis of data from microarray chips in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), data mining of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and an integrated meta-analysis incorporating GEO microarray chips, TCGA data, in-house RT-qPCR and literature studies were performed to examine the clinico-pathological value of miR-30d-5p expression in NSCLC. In vitro experiments were further conducted to investigate the impact of miR-30d-5p on NSCLC cell growth. The molecular mechanism by which miR-30d-5p regulates the pathogenesis of NSCLC was probed through a bioinformatics analysis of its target genes. Moreover, dual luciferase reporter assay was conducted to verify the targeting regulatory relationship between miR-30d-5p and CCNE2. Results: Based on results from RT-qPCR, GEO meta-analysis, TCGA data mining and the integrated meta-analysis incorporating GEO microarray chips, TCGA data, in-house RT-qPCR and literature studies, miR-30d-5p expression was decreased in NSCLC tissues, and patients with NSCLC who presented with lower miR-30d-5p expression tended to display an advanced clinical progression. Significant pathways including the Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis pathway, cell cycle pathway and cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway (all P< 0.05) revealed potential roles of the target genes of miR-30d-5p in the oncogenesis of NSCLC. Results from in vitro experiments indicated that miR-30d-5p could attenuate proliferation and viability of NSCLC cells. Among the 12 identified hub genes, nine genes including E2F3, CCNE2, SKP2, CDK6, TFDP1, LDHA, GOT2, DNMT3B and ST6GALNAC1 were validated by Pearson’s correlation test and the human protein atlas (HPA) database as targets of miR-30d-5p with higher probability. Specifically, dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that CCNE2 was directly targeted by miR-30d-5p. Conclusion: In summary, miR-30d-5p expression is decreased in NSCLC, and it might play the role as tumor suppressor in NSCLC by regulating target genes.
ВПЛИВ ТРАНСКРАНІАЛЬНОЇ МІКРОПОЛЯРИЗАЦІЇ НА МОЗКОВУ ГЕМОДИНАМІКУ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ПЕРИНАТАЛЬНОЮ ГІПОКСІЙНО-ІШЕМІЧНОЮ ЕНЦЕФАЛОПАТІЄЮ
Authors: Yatsenko K. V.
Published: November 2018

Перинатальна гіпоксійно-ішемічна енцефалопатія (ПГІЕ) – актуальна проблема неврології та неонатології. Перспективним для лікування ПГІЕ є неінвазивний інструмент моделювання активності головного мозку – транскраніальна мікрополяризація.

Мета – дослідити можливість застосування методу мікрополяризації в комплексному лікуванні пацієнтів з перинатальною гіпоксійно-ішемічною енцефалопатією.

Матеріали та методи. У ході дослідження на базі «Неврологічної клініки доктора Яценко» (м. Київ) було обстежено і комплексно проліковано 45 дітей у віці від 2 до 12 років з гіпоксійно-ішемічною енцефалопатією. До групи порівняння, яким проводили базисні лікувально-реабілітаційні заходи, увійшли 15 дітей, до основної – 30, яким на фоні базисної терапії додатково проводили курс мікрополяризації. Транскраніальну мікрополяризацію (ТМП) виконували згідно з розробленими індивідуальними схемами лікування залежно від локалізації патології. Мозкову гемодинаміку дітей з ПГІЕ до і після комплексного лікування з застосуванням методу ТМП аналізували за допомогою транскраніальної доплерографії судин голови.

Результати. ТМП зменшувала коефіцієнт асиметрії кровообігу по середніх мозкових артеріях (СМА) на 12,7 %, тоді як у групі порівняння лише на 4,4 %; по передніх мозкових артеріях (ПМА) – на 9,5 %, а у групі порівняння цей показник становив 1,1 %. ТМП вірогідно зменшувала високі середні швидкості кровообігу за цикл (СШК) по базилярній артерії (БА), СМА та ПМА (на 22,0 %, 17,7 % та 7,5 % відповідно); у групі порівняння вірогідної позитивної динаміки відзначено не було. ТМП вірогідно збільшувала низькі СШК по БА, СМА та ПМА (на 28,4 %, 21,9 % та 10,4 % відповідно); статистично вірогідне зростання СШК на 10,1 % було лише по СМА у пацієнтів групи порівняння.

Висновки. Отримані дані свідчать про те, що комплексна терапія з використанням транскраніальної мікрополяризації у пацієнтів з ПГІЕ покращує показники мозкової гемодинаміки, а також позитивно впливає на клінічний перебіг захворювання.
МЕТАБОЛІЧНИЙ СИНДРОМ: ДОВГИЙ ШЛЯХ ЕВОЛЮЦІЇ –- ВІД ПОВНОГО ЗАПЕРЕЧЕННЯ ДО ВСЕСВІТНЬОГО ВИЗНАННЯ ПРОБЛЕМИ
Authors: Bondarenko O. O. , Sorochka M. I.
Published: November 2018

Впродовж останніх років чітко спостерігається зростання поширеності ожиріння, цукрового діабету 2 типу, захворювань серцево-судинної системи. Також активно обговорюється питання збільшення частки загальної захворюваності людства на хронічні неінфекційні хвороби. Метаболічний синдром (МС) є однією з основ­них проблем у галузі охорони здоров’я XXI століття. Ця «хвороба цивілізації», у розвитку якої беруть участь урбанізація, модифікація способу життя, пов’язана з гіподинамією, нераціональним харчуванням, підвищенням калорійності харчових продуктів і зростанням стресових навантажень, привертає особливу увагу у зв’язку з прогресивною тенденцією до «омолодження» населення з даною патологією. Незважаючи на наявність великої кількості літературних даних та результатів клінічних досліджень в цьому напрямку, показники смертності від серцево-судинних ускладнень в осіб з МС залишаються високими, що також свідчить про необхідність подальшого вивчення цієї проблеми, а також пошуку вирішення питань, що стосуються його раннього виявлення та профілактики. У статті проаналізовано літературні дані щодо історії, поширеності, клініко-патогенетичних особливостей компонентів метаболічного синдрому, обговорюються практичні аспекти його виявлення і лікування, включаючи критерії діагностики, групи ризику, особливості клінічних проявів, цільові рівні основних компонентів і схеми медикаментозної корекції, доведено актуальність поглибленого вивчення.

Неправильний спосіб життя (гіподинамія, нераціональне харчування, стреси), низька частота діагностики даного захворювання клініцистами та глобальне зростання поширеності ожиріння, інсулінорезистентності та цукрового діабету 2 типу роблять актуальною проблему всебічного вивчення метаболічного синдрому, встановлення клініко-патогенетичних особливостей кластерів даного захворювання, а також розробку на основі цього алгоритмів ведення пацієнтів з МС та коморбідними станами.
КЛІНІКО-ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ ВІДНОВНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ ДІТЕЙ МОЛОДШОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ З ЦЕРВІКОГЕННИМ ГОЛОВНИМ БОЛЕМ НА ТЛІ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ В ШИЙНОМУ ВІДДІЛІ ХРЕБТА
Authors: Korolenko N. V. , Gorsha O. V.
Published: November 2018

Актуальність проблеми вивчення головного болю (ГБ) у дітей обумовлюється поширеністю, складністю патогенетичних механізмів та невизначеністю алгоритмів і методичних підходів до терапії цього захворювання у вказаній віковій групі.

Метою дослідження було вивчення в динаміці (до лікування, після курсу та через 1 і 6 місяців після впливу) клінічного ефекту окремого та поєднаного застосування кінезіотейпування і лікувальної фізкультури (ЛФК) і їх впливу на стан гемодинаміки судин вертебробазилярного басейну, вегетативний баланс та психофізіологічний стан дітей молодшого шкільного віку з цервікогенним головним болем (ЦГБ) на тлі нестабільності в шийному відділі хребта.

Матеріал і методи. Клініко-функціональний стан у 96 дiтей чоловічої та жіночої статі молодшого шкiльного вiку (6–11 років), якi мали цервiкогенний головний бiль на тлі нестабільності в шийному відділі хребта впродовж бiльш нiж 6 мiсяцiв, вивчено із застосуванням клінічного і рентгенологічного методів, ультразвукової транс­краніальної доплерографії, психофізіологічних тестів і аналізу варіабельності ритму серця.

Результати. Встановлено, що у дітей з ЦГБ найкращий клініко-функціональний ефект настає при поєднаному застосуванні кінезіотейпування і ЛФК, який зберігається ще 1 місяць та дещо зменшується через 6 місяців після лікування. Комплексний вплив призводить до сприятливої динаміки майже всіх показників обстеження і покращує клінічний стан (зменшення частоти і інтенсивності головного болю), більш значно та довготривало покращує гемодинаміку судин вертебробазилярного басейну (кровотік, пружноеластичні властивості судин, реакція на негативні екстравазальні впливи оточуючих структур, венозний відтік), психофізіологічний стан (нервово-психічна напруженість, увага, динамічна працездатність) і вегетативний статус хворих дітей, ніж окреме застосування означених методик. Досягнуті через 6 місяців після лікування клініко-функціональні ефекти окремого і поєднаного застосування кінезіотейпування і ЛФК є зіставними.

Висновок. Найбільшу ефективність ВЛ дітей з ЦГБ на тлі нестабільності ШВХ встановлено при комплексному застосуванні кінезіотейпування і ЛФК. Катамненстичне спостереження через півроку виявляє регрес позитивних результатів у частини хворих дітей, що підтверджує необхідність продовження тривалості курсу ВЛ або їх повторення не пізніше, ніж через 6 місяців.