bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endangered and Damaged Heritage Sites in Syria: Some Considerations and Future Perspectives
Authors: Borgia Emanuela
Published: October 2021

The problem of protecting cultural heritage in war areas is increasingly demanding attention. The case of damages occurred to Syrian antiquities is notorious and leads to propose some considerations from an archaeological and scientific perspective. The first step is to figure out the real entity of injured sites and the current state of destruction, so as to plan any further action. The case studies of the sites of Dura Europos, Apamea, Palmyra and Bostra, all of which were highly damaged, are presented. The second fundamental step must be the collection of detailed information on the present day situation and on the extent of damages and pillaging. This will allow for setting up both short term and long-term interventions. The main objective is that of giving back life to damaged monuments and archaeological sites that are significant not only for Syria itself, but for the whole international community. However, the “restoration” of Cultural Heritage Property can be carried out in various ways, that must be selected carefully according to the single specific situations.
Critical Insights on The Haryana Region's Social, Cultural, And Economic Conditions During the Mughal Period
Authors: Rani Mamta , Khan Dr. Altaf
Published: October 2021

Haryana has made a significant historical contribution to the socioeconomic and religious aspects of the country's people's lives. During the Sultanate and Mughal periods, the Haryana region gained strategic importance in terms of trade and defense. “Babur (reigned 1526–1530), a Central Asian king descended from the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (creator of the Timurid Empire) on his father's side and Genghis Khan on his mother's side, formed the Mughal Empire”. The purpose of this study is to relate the socioeconomic realities of the Haryana region during the latter Mughal period in an impartial and scientific manner (1707-1857). The purpose of this study is to relate the dynamics of socioeconomic and other elements of life of the people of Haryana during the later Mughal period in an impartial and scientific manner (1707-1857). This period, which is a sub-period of Mughal history, was chosen for the purpose of our research for a variety of reasons. This was an interesting time marked by upheaval, confusion, and volatility.
Cubo de Información para el Análisis de Indicadores de Ingreso en Programas Acreditados
Authors: Villegas Téllez R. , Torres Frausto D.A. , Soto Patiño J.C.
Published: October 2021

En el Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Irapuato el Departamento de Tutorías procesa una gran cantidad de información relacionada con los alumnos de nuevo ingreso, tal como escuela de procedencia, nivel socio-económico, datos del examen de ingreso CENEVAL, exámenes psicométricos, entre otros rubros. Toda esta información es muy valiosa para la institución, ya que le permite conocer mejor a sus estudiantes y guiarlos adecuadamente durante su estancia en la institución. El presente trabajo expone el desarrollo de una base de datos Data Warehouse usada para almacenar todos los datos que provienen de las diversas fuentes de información. Esta base de datos es la base del cubo de información que le permite al Departamento de Tutorías un análisis rápido que agiliza y sustenta la toma de decisiones, tal como el otorgamiento de becas, estrategias para disminuir el índice de deserción, desarrollo de plataformas de estudio, entre otras más.

The Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Irapuato Tutorial Center processes a large amount of information related to incoming students, such as high school data, socioeconomic level, CENEVAL and psychometric tests among other items. All this information is very valuable for the institution, since it allows a better knowledge of the students and guide them properly throughout their stay in the institution. This paper presents a Data Warehouse database development used as a storage of multiple data sources. This database is required by a data cube that allows the Tutorial Center a quick analysis to streamline and support decision options, such as grants and scholarships, strategies to decrease the dropout rate, development of study platforms, and more.
turismo interior en España ante la crisis de la COVID-19
Authors: Benítez-Aurioles Beatriz
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es detectar los cambios que se han producido en el turismo interior en España durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 y, sobre esa base, discutir el papel que puede desempeñar para facilitar la recuperación turística. La información estadística disponible confirma la importancia relativa que tiene el turismo interior y su potencial para compensar la caída de la demanda turística internacional. En el caso concreto de España, los datos sugieren que durante la pandemia se han sustituido los viajes internacionales por los nacionales y, más concretamente, por los realizados dentro de la propia comunidad autónoma. Respecto a las medidas implementadas por parte del Gobierno español se aprecia un sesgo a favor de las destinadas a facilitar la liquidez de las empresas, y se reconoce la capacidad que tiene el turismo interior para iniciar la recuperación.
MOTIVASI BELAJAR DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Harmalis Harmalis
Published: October 2021

Abstrak. Belajar merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting sebagai sumber untuk menggapai ilmu pengetahuan yang tinggi, melalui  ilmu pengetahuan manusia dapat mencari solusi dan menyelesaikan  masalah kehidupannya baik di masa sekarang maupun di masa yang akan datang, salah unsur yang berperan penting dalam kegiatan proses belajar yang baik dan berkualitas pada diri individu adalah motivasi. Dengan demikian dapat dipahami bahwa motivasi dalam belajar merupakan sesuatu hal yang sangat berperan dalam kegiatan proses mencari ilmu pengetahuan pada individu. Dalam perspektif  Islam para penganutnya sangat dianjurkan untuk mimiliki motivasi belajar yang tinggi, sehingga dengan adanya motivasi belajar yang tinggi ilmu pengetahuan akan mudah didapat. Untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar di dalam diri individu dapat dilakukan dengan cara mempedomani dan mengikuti anjuran ajaran agama Islam terutama yang berkaitan dengan reward dan kemuliaan di sisi Allah bagi orang-orang yang berilmu pengetahuan. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah  mendeskripsikan pentingnya motivasi belajar di dalam kehidupan individu, dan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan pandangan  Islam terhadap motivasi belajar, serta upaya-upaya meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Metode dalam penulisan ini adalah studi pustaka, yakni dengan memaparkan dan menganalisis beberapa teori dan pandangan Islam tentang motivasi belajar.
Pengembangan Modul Assesmen Bimbingan dan Konseling Non-Tes
Authors: Sujadi Eko , Chandra Hadi , Angela Lia , Wisma Nur
Published: October 2021

Sebagai salah satu pendidik yang berada di satuan pendidikan, konselor memiliki peran besar dalam memfasilitasi siswa mencapai tugas-tugas perkembangannya. Oleh sebab itu, konselor harus memiliki keterampilan dalam pelaksanaan pelayanan konseling. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan modul assesmen non tes bagi guru bimbingan dan konseling yang tingkat SMP di Kota Sungai Penuh dan Kabupaten Kerinci. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (development research). Instrumen pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data deskriptif dan uji Koefisien Konkordansi Kendall (W). Temuan penelitian ini antara lain: 1) terdapat perbedaan keterampilan melaksanakan assesmen non tes antara Guru BK di Kota Pekanbaru dan Kabupaten Kerinci; 2) modul peningkatan keterampilan Guru bimbingan dan konseling dalam melaksanakan assesmen non tes dinilai layak; dan 3) tingkat keterpakaian modul peningkatan keterampilan Guru bimbingan dan konseling dalam melaksanakan assesmen non tes dinilai tinggi.
VR 360 as an Alternative for Virtual-Based Practicum Learning with Stereoscopic View
Authors: Warsito Ary Budi , Eliando Eliando , Yusup Muhamad
Published: October 2021

School education especially on primary school have a big impact to the children. Good and right education can sharpening the brain and influence the student with good attitude. Every information that attractive and easy to understanding is very important to give big impact for every primary school student, it also can provide a pleasant learning experience for these students. Therefore, this research develops a smartphone application that can provide a pleasant experience in learning knowledge of the surrounding environment from objects with virtual reality technology. To display these objects, a 360 ° panoramic image is used or a 2048px width 1024px width with a wide viewing angle (360 degrees) and this can be done by teachers to make the image or search for material sources on the internet. This technology allows students to see objects virtually. In use, this study requires a VR headset as a device for visualizing stereoscopic displays but it does not need installation because it is enough to access a smartphone browser then it will work. The system is designed using the spiral method as a process model and uses a-frame in application development. The interface can be run on the Android operating system. In making this application using the html programming language, laravel framework and a-frame framework.
Pembuatan Media Majalah Pada PT. Serpong Tatanan Kota
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Debataraja Mintauli , Achmad Syifa Kamila
Published: October 2021

Dalam desain komunikasi visual, memiliki banyak manfaat. Salah satunya di bidang bisnis, desain komunikasi visual merupakan bagian penting dari bidang usaha.Penelitian bertujuan tentang Media informasi yang ada sebelumnya dinilai kurang dalam penyampaiannya, karena masih berbentuk banner dan foto belum adanya penjelasan tentang PT. Serpong Tatanan Kota, sehingga kurang menarik masyarakat.Tujuan penelitian membuatkan desain majalah yang akan dibuat dengan desain yang minimalis dan elegan, untuk meningkatkan daya tarik pelanggan untuk PT. Serpong Tatanan Kota Adapun manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah masyarakat dapat mengetahui informasi yang ada di PT. Serpong Tatanan Kota. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan untuk majalah yaitu Metode pengumpulan data dengan Observasi ketempat yang di tuju secara langsung, wawancara atau dari kajian pustaka, Analisa Perancangan Media dengan pengumpulan data informasi yang didapatkan akan diproduksi menggunakan software grafis seperti adobe photoshop cs6,Konsep Desain Perancangan media desain ini melalui beberapa proses pembuatan agar mendapat gambaran tentang projek yang di buat., Layout Konferenshif dan Final Artwork. hasil penelitian ini media dapat meningkatkan pencitraan PT. Serpong Tatanan Kota, Dalam merancang media majalah menampilkan secara jelas identitas PT. Serpong Tatanan Kota, Visi misi, keunggulan, dengan di dukung informasi yang detail, jelas dan up to date, Alat penunjang perancangan media menggunakan aplikasi Adobe Photoshop CS6.
RESEARCH OF METHODS FOR DECREASE OF THE CAPACITANCE RATIO IN THE STW-RESONATORS
Authors: Dobershtein S. A. , Zhilin N. M. , Veremeev I. V.
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the research of methods for decrease of the capacitance ratio in the STW-resonators without significant degradation of the quality factor by use of the external inductors and topology change: IDT division on parts and their series connection. The calculated and experimental data are presented for 416 MHz and 766 MHz STW-resonators with quality factors Q = 7000–7978. The capacitance ratio has been reduced from 1200 to 301.
Bireysel Yatırımcıların Davranışsal Yanlılıkları ve Finansal Okuryazarlık İlişkisi: Samsun İli Örneği
Authors: ERBAŞ Cansu Nermin , YILDIRIM Durmus
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada, bireysel hisse senedi yatırımcılarının finansal okuryazarlık düzeyleri ile yatırım kararları üzerinde etkili olan psikolojik faktörler arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Bu bağlamda finansal okuryazarlık ölçütü temel, orta ve ileri düzey olmak üzere üç kategoriye ayrılarak bunların aşırı güven, sürü davranışı ve kayıptan kaçınma yanlılıkları ile olan ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada Samsun ilinde bulunan aracı kurumlarda hesabı olup aktif hisse senedi işlemi yapan bireysel yatırımcılar hedef alınmış olup çalışma kapsamında toplamda 205 katılımcıya anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre tüm finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerinin sürü davranışını negatif etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında ileri düzey finansal okuryazarlığın aşırı güven üzerinde pozitif bir etkiye sahip iken kayıptan kaçınma yanlılığı üzerinde ise etkisinin negatif olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, temel ve orta düzey finansal okuryazarlık seviyesindeki bireylerde kayıptan kaçınma ve aşırı güven yanlılığına yönelik anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir.
Revisión para la restauración optima de la operación del sistema eléctrico basado en criterios de calidad de energía y estabilidad
Authors: Quinteros Jaime , Masache Paul , Carrión Dieg
Published: October 2021

Las fallas que ocurren en el sistema de energía eléctrica tienen un gran impacto en la sociedad generando grandes pérdidas económicas y perdidas de energía eléctrica; por esta razón, es necesario tener un plan que permita restaurar el sistema eléctrico de una manera óptima y en el menor tiempo posible. Se realiza una revisión de las metodologías que permiten realizar una planificación de la restauración óptima de la SEP después de una falla debido a problemas que causan corte parcial de energía en ciertos puntos de la red. Con lo cual se puede implementar una heurística que permita elegir el camino óptimo para la restauración; es decir, proporcionará los pasos para ingresar los elementos que se ingresan, como son: las líneas de transmisión o centrales de generación, teniendo en cuenta la estabilidad del sistema y los índices de calidad que representan las restricciones del problema. Por lo tanto, los flujos óptimos de potencia se utilizan para conocer el estado del sistema posterior a la falla; de esta manera, los criterios de voltaje y potencia se utilizarán para ingresar a la heurística, además de utilizar programación lineal de entera mixta (MILP).
Inspección del uso de la exergía en el marco de la sostenibilidad: Un caso aplicado a la combustión interna
Authors: Bencid Mariana , Delgado José , Mora Dafni , Chen Austin Miguel
Published: October 2021

Debido a la crisis climática que se vive hoy en día a nivel mundial y con el objetivo de proponer sistemas más eficientes y sostenibles que contribuyan al cumplimiento de los ODS planteados por la ONU, este artículo busca proponer un marco de referencia basado en análisis exergéticos para evaluar la eficiencia y nivel de sostenibilidad de un sistema, específicamente el caso de motores de combustión interna (MCI). A modo de contexto, se provee un estado del arte sobre la exergía y principales aportes recientes para el mejoramiento de los MCI basados en exergía. Se definen las ecuaciones necesarias para realizar un análisis exergético para el caso de un ciclo Diesel, considerando los procesos de combustión y transferencia de calor como fuentes de generación de entropía. De igual manera, se estableció un indicador de sostenibilidad a partir del balance exergético para un sistema. Se aplicaron estas ecuaciones para un caso de estudio de un MCI y se realizaron pruebas con varios tipos de combustibles a modo de comparar su eficiencia, de los cuales el etano (C2H6) resultó ser el combustible más eficiente y con mayor nivel de sostenibilidad comparado con los demás. Sin embargo, se obtuvo que las reacciones químicas en general, representan un gran porcentaje de pérdidas en la calidad, así como una amenaza a la sostenibilidad del sistema.
Ubicación óptima de sistemas de almacenamiento de energía en redes eléctricas de distribución georreferenciadas
Authors: Muñoz Jorge Paúl , Campana Miguel
Published: October 2021

En la actualidad, el sector energético global está ligado a políticas ambientales bajas en carbono y eficiente uso de la energía con el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías; es así que, la generación distribuida y sistemas de almacenamiento han ganado relevancia y se han integrado a la red eléctrica. El presente artículo propone una heurística para ubicar sistemas de almacenamiento de energía (SAE) asociados a generación distribuida en redes eléctricas georreferenciadas; la principal contribución y objetivo de la investigación radica en utilizar las características intrínsecas de la red como sus distancias, geolocalización de usuarios y sitios candidatos para instalar SAE que permiten minimizar caídas de voltaje y pérdidas de potencia. El problema de optimización se resuelve utilizando el algoritmo de búsqueda exhaustiva (Brute Force) y se valida en un escenario de la ciudad de Pamplona - España. Adicionalmente, se detallan las diferentes tecnologías de SAE y ventajas técnicas que están bridan a las redes eléctricas; así como diferentes métodos relacionados al dimensionamiento y emplazamiento de estos sistemas.
Simulación hidrológica de los impactos del cambio climático en la cuenca del río Caimito, La Chorrera, Panamá Oeste
Authors: Moreno Marta , Álvarez Humberto , Chacón Angelo , Biancheri Italo
Published: October 2021

Las precipitaciones altas ocasionan el aumento en la carga hídrica en la cuenca de los ríos, originando desbordamientos que propician situaciones de amenaza. La zonificación de la amenaza y la evaluación de la vulnerabilidad por inundación son procedimientos fundamentales para la toma decisiones desde el punto de vista de la planificación de un territorio y los estudios para la mitigación y gestión del riesgo. Utilizando los insumos hidrológico e hidráulico, se obtiene información de profundidad y velocidad del flujo según las características de la pendiente. En este estudio se utilizaron las técnicas, procedimientos y herramientas propios de un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG), para conocer con exactitud las áreas de amenaza y vulnerabilidad por inundación, mediante el modelo de simulación hidráulica Hec-Ras, definiendo las cotas de inundación a través de perfiles transversales y modelado digital de terreno, con el propósito de realizar la zonificación de amenazas por inundación, que es una herramienta óptima para alcanzar un ordenamiento de la cuenca del Rio Caimito,  que permite la planificación estratégica de la cuenca y poder identificar la áreas de evacuación cuando se llegue a dar otro evento de inundación y así poder contribuir a la resiliencia de esa comunidad y que sirva como referencia a otros sectores.
Linking variability in early life growth of Sardinella lemuru to changes in habitat conditions in Zamboanga upwelling system, Sulu Sea, the Philippines
Authors: Bagarinao-Regalado A , Campos WL
Published: October 2021

The year-class success of small pelagic fish is strongly modulated by the growth and survival of early life stages. Determining how environments control growth is critical to understanding processes influencing annual production. We provide the first measurements of larval growth in Sardinella lemuru, the most abundant and exploited tropical sardine species in the Philippines. Growth rates of larvae were examined across a 2 yr period (2011-2012 and 2012-2013 spawning seasons) using otolith microstructure analysis. Transition to the juvenile stage occurred within 25 to 37 d. Mean growth rate of the 2011 year-class was significantly lower than the 2012 year-class despite significant intra-annual (batch) differences in growth trajectories. In both years, larvae that hatched and developed in the cooler yet prey-rich period in the middle of the spawning season (January) displayed the fastest growth, while those spawned early (September-October 2012) and late (February-March 2012) showed the slowest growth rates. Peak hatch-months (December 2011 and October 2012) were just prior to periods of upwelling, with mean prey concentrations of 0.24 ± 0.13 mg m-3 at 26.35 ± 2.56°C sea surface temperature (SST) and 0.23 ± 0.15 mg m-3 at 26.26 ± 1.79°C, respectively. The SST during upwelling was 0.01 to 1.23°C cooler accompanied by a 0.07 to 0.45 mg m-3 increase in prey concentration. In both years, differences in growth rate were strongly linked to oceanographic conditions. Moderate winds during a ‘neutral’ El Niño-Southern Oscillation year resulted in upwelling conditions favoring faster overall growth in larvae which was associated with stronger recruitment. In contrast, slower growth and weaker recruitment were associated with weak upwelling conditions in the 2011-2012 La Niña year. While temperature may be important, larval growth rates appear to be driven more by prey abundance.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI KOMPOS
Authors: Supriningrum Risa , Sa'adah Hayatus , Nurhasnawati Henny
Published: October 2021

Garbage is a problem that has not been resolved until now. The central and local governments have tried to make regulations on waste management and have disseminated them to the public, but the waste problem still cannot be resolved. Community concern for the environment plays an important role in overcoming this problem. Starting from the smallest scope, namely the family or household to get used to managing waste properly and correctly. Household waste, especially kitchen waste, can be used as compost. The processing of household waste into compost can be done individually or in groups such as at the RT level. This community service aims to provide counseling about the importance of maintaining environmental cleanliness and the use of household kitchen waste as compost. The activity is intended for residents of Jalan Agus Salim RT 18, Sungai Pinang Luar District, Samarinda. The method used is counseling followed by demonstration of composting, pre-test and post-test are also carried out to determine the level of community understanding of this community service activity. This activity was attended by the head of the RT and several residents as representatives of the residents of the RT. The existence of this activity is expected to change people's behavior to be better in managing waste and become a source of income for residents.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN PEMANIS BUATAN SIKLAMAT PADA SIRUP YANG BEREDAR DIPASAR BESAR MALANG SECARA KUANTITATIF MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Jayadi Lukky , Hernaningsih Maritha
Published: October 2021

Sweeteners are chemical compounds that are often added and used for industrial food processing products as well as beverages and foods, sweeteners consist of natural sweeteners and synthetic sweeteners, one of the synthetic sweeteners is sodium cyclamate. This study aims to identify and determine the level of sodium cyclamate in syrup by UV spectrophotometry method and to determine the level of sodium cyclamate in syrup is still safe for consumption. The type of research is experimental and descriptive. The research sample used is syrup which is sold in the big market of Malang City. The method used for the determination of sodium cyclamate levels was done by UV spectrophotometry whose absorption was measured at a maximum wavelength of 314 nm. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that there were positive samples containing sodium cyclamate, namely sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3. The assay results in sample 1 were 238.78 mg/kg, sample 2 was 239.65 mg/kg and sample 3 was 241.39 mg/kg. Of the three samples tested for levels of cyclamate in syrup sold in the big market in Malang City, they still meet the requirements set by the head of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency.
AVALIAÇÃO PARTICIPATIVA E CONDIÇÕES AGROCLIMÁTICAS NO CULTIVO DO FEIJOEIRO EM SISTEMA ORGÂNICO
Authors: Duarte Marciel Lelis , Nunes Jose Arcanjo , Martins Filho Sebastião
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo teve como objetivo a avaliação participativa de genótipos locais e melhorados de feijoeiro associados às condições agroclimáticas em sistema de cultivo orgânico. O trabalho conjunto entre o setor formal e o setor informal, geralmente representado pelas comunidades rurais, pode contribuir no uso e conservação de germoplasma adaptado aos agroecossistemas das comunidades agrícolas e, além disso, o melhoramento participativo é sem dúvida uma excelente estratégia para o desenvolvimento sustentável de comunidades de agricultores familiares, pois o agricultor passa a ser corresponsável pela pesquisa deixando de ser um elemento passivo dentro do processo. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em condições de campo, sob cultivo orgânico, na comunidade agrícola de Fortaleza, situada no município de Muqui-ES. Foram utilizados 39 genótipos entre cultivares melhorados que são cultivados na região e genótipos locais, nos anos de 2006, 2007 e 2008. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Foi verificado que nos anos de 2006, 2007 e 2008 houve poucas diferenças entre os genótipos nas características avaliadas, exceto para a produção de grãos. A baixa precipitação no ano de 2006 e as altas temperaturas no ano de 2008 influenciaram a baixa produção de grãos dos genótipos.
Transgenic Expression of Synthetic Coat Protein and Synthetic Replication Associated Protein Produces Mild Symptoms and Reduce Begomovirus-Betasatellite Accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Rasool Ghulam , Yousaf Sumaira , Ammara Um e , Iqbal Adnan , Saeed Muhammad , Amin Imran , Mansoor Shahid
Published: October 2021

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the most essential fiber crop and is widely cultivated within the tropical regions of the world. It has a major impact on socio-economical get-together in Pakistan. Unfortunately, it has been tormented by cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) that is produced by distinct species of begomoviruses (Family; Geminiviridae) like Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala strain (CLCuKoV-Bu) associated with specific betasatellite—Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMuB). Host resistance against CLCuD has not been achieved yet. The present study employed the use of synthetic genes considering the phenomenon of pathogen derived resistance (PDR). The coat protein (CP) and replication associated protein (Rep) genes sequence from CLCuKoV-Bu were codon optimized, synthesized and used to control CLCuKoV-Bu and associated betasatellite related to CLCuD. The Nicotiana benthamiana plants were Agrobacterium mediated transformed with synthetic CP (CPsyn) and synthetic Rep (Repsyn) under the control of Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The transgenic plants harboring CPsyn and Repsyn genes were infiltrated with CLCuKoV-Bu alone and CLCuKoV-Bu- CLCuMuB inoculums showed relatively milder symptoms as compared with wild sorts and low virus concentration as checked by southern hybridization. The results confirmed that CPsyn, Repsyn genes may be utilized for the resistance of CLCuKoV-Bu and associated betasatellites related to CLCuD and PDR mechanism may also be developed for the control of CLCuD.
Three-Dimensional Subject-Specific Knee Shape Reconstruction with Asynchronous Fluoroscopy Images Using Statistical Shape Modeling
Authors: Lu Hsuan-Yu , Shih Kao-Shang , Lin Cheng-Chung , Lu Tung-Wu , Li Song-Ying , Kuo Hsin-Wen , Hsu Horng-Chaung
Published: October 2021

Background and objectives: Statistical shape modeling (SSM) based on computerized tomography (CT) datasets has enabled reasonably accurate reconstructions of subject-specific 3D bone morphology from one or two synchronous radiographs for clinical applications. Increasing the number of radiographic images may increase the reconstruction accuracy, but errors related to the temporal and spatial asynchronization of clinical alternating bi-plane fluoroscopy may also increase. The current study aimed to develop a new approach for subject-specific 3D knee shape reconstruction from multiple asynchronous fluoroscopy images from 2, 4, and 6 X-ray detector views using a CT-based SSM model; and to determine the optimum number of planar images for best accuracy via computer simulations and in vivo experiments.

Methods: A CT-based SSM model of the knee was established from 60 training models in a healthy young Chinese male population. A new two-phase optimization approach for 3D subject-specific model reconstruction from multiple asynchronous clinical fluoroscopy images using the SSM was developed, and its performance was evaluated via computer simulation and in vivo experiments using one, two and three image pairs from an alternating bi-plane fluoroscope.

Results: The computer simulation showed that subject-specific 3D shape reconstruction using three image pairs had the best accuracy with RMSE of 0.52 ± 0.09 and 0.63 ± 0.085 mm for the femur and tibia, respectively. The corresponding values for the in vivo study were 0.64 ± 0.084 and 0.69 ± 0.069 mm, respectively, which was significantly better than those using one image pair (0.81 ± 0.126 and 0.83 ± 0.108 mm). No significant differences existed between using two and three image pairs.

Conclusion: A new two-phase optimization approach was developed for SSM-based 3D subject-specific knee model reconstructions using more than one asynchronous fluoroscopy image pair from widely available alternating bi-plane fluoroscopy systems in clinical settings. A CT-based SSM model of the knee was also developed for a healthy young Chinese male population. The new approach was found to have high mode reconstruction accuracy, and those for both two and three image pairs were much better than for a single image pair. Thus, two image pairs may be used when considering computational costs and radiation dosage. The new approach will be useful for generating patient-specific knee models for clinical applications using multiple asynchronous images from alternating bi-plane fluoroscopy widely available in clinical settings. The current SSM model will serve as a basis for further inclusion of training models with a wider range of sizes and morphological features for broader applications.
Nxhl Controls Angiogenesis by Targeting VE-PTP Through Interaction With Nucleolin
Authors: Luo Honglin , Zhang Yongde , Deng Yanfei , Li Lequn , Sheng Zhaoan , Yu Yanling , Lin Yong , Chen Xiaohan , Feng Pengfei
Published: October 2021

Precise regulation of angiogenesis is required for organ development, wound repair, and tumor progression. Here, we identified a novel gene, nxhl (New XingHuo light), that is conserved in vertebrates and that plays a crucial role in vascular integrity and angiogenesis. Bioinformatic analysis uncovered its essential roles in development based on co-expression with several key developmental genes. Knockdown of nxhl in zebrafish causes global and pericardial edema, loss of blood circulation, and vascular defects characterized by both reduced vascularization in intersegmental vessels and decreased sprouting in the caudal vein plexus. The nxhl gene also affects human endothelial cell behavior in vitro. We found that nxhl functions in part by targeting VE-PTP through interaction with NCL (nucleolin). Loss of ptprb (a VE-PTP ortholo) in zebrafish resulted in defects similar to nxhl knockdown. Moreover, nxhl deficiency attenuates tumor invasion and proteins (including VE-PTP and NCL) associated with angiogenesis and EMT. These findings illustrate that nxhl can regulate angiogenesis via a novel nxhl–NCL–VE-PTP axis, providing a new therapeutic target for modulating vascular formation and function, especially for cancer treatment.
Microtubule Stabilization Enhances the Chondrogenesis of Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Li Jiawei , Sun Ziying , Lv Zhongyang , Jiang Huiming , Liu Anlong , Wang Maochun , Tan Guihua , Guo Hu , Sun Heng , Wu Rui , Xu Xingquan , Yan Wenjin , Jiang Qing , Ikegawa Shiro , Shi Dongquan
Published: October 2021

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known for their multi-directional differentiation potential and are widely applied in cartilage and bone disease. Synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) exhibit a high proliferation rate, low immunogenicity, and greater chondrogenic differentiation potential. Microtubule (MT) plays a key role in various cellular processes. Perturbation of MT stability and their associated proteins is an underlying cause for diseases. Little is known about the role of MT stabilization in the differentiation and homeostasis of SMSCs. In this study, we demonstrated that MT stabilization via docetaxel treatment had a significant effect on enhancing the chondrogenic differentiation of SMSCs. MT stabilization inhibited the expression of Yes-associated proteins (YAP) and the formation of primary cilia in SMSCs to drive chondrogenesis. This finding suggested that MT stabilization might be a promising therapeutic target of cartilage regeneration.
Alternative Functions of Cell Cycle-Related and DNA Repair Proteins in Post-mitotic Neurons
Authors: Akagawa Remi , Nabeshima Yo-ichi , Kawauchi Takeshi
Published: October 2021

Proper regulation of neuronal morphological changes is essential for neuronal migration, maturation, synapse formation, and high-order function. Many cytoplasmic proteins involved in the regulation of neuronal microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton have been identified. In addition, some nuclear proteins have alternative functions in neurons. While cell cycle-related proteins basically control the progression of the cell cycle in the nucleus, some of them have an extra-cell cycle-regulatory function (EXCERF), such as regulating cytoskeletal organization, after exit from the cell cycle. Our expression analyses showed that not only cell cycle regulators, including cyclin A1, cyclin D2, Cdk4/6, p21cip1, p27kip1, Ink4 family, and RAD21, but also DNA repair proteins, including BRCA2, p53, ATM, ATR, RAD17, MRE11, RAD9, and Hus1, were expressed after neurogenesis, suggesting that these proteins have alternative functions in post-mitotic neurons. In this perspective paper, we discuss the alternative functions of the nuclear proteins in neuronal development, focusing on possible cytoplasmic roles.
Ionic Conductive Organohydrogel With Ultrastretchability, Self-Healable and Freezing-Tolerant Properties for Wearable Strain Sensor
Authors: Ji Feng , Jiang Min , Yu Qingyu , Hao Xuefang , Zhang Yan , Zhu Junqiu , Luo Shuiyuan , Li Junjie
Published: October 2021

Currently, stretchable hydrogel has attracted great attention in the field of wearable flexible sensors. However, fabricating flexible hydrogel sensor simultaneously with superstretchability, high mechanical strength, remarkable self-healing ability, excellent anti-freezing and sensing features via a facile method remains a huge challenge. Herein, a fully physically linked poly(hydroxyethyl acrylamide)-gelatin-glycerol-lithium chloride (PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl) double network organohydrogel is prepared via a simple one-pot heating-cooling-photopolymerization method. The prepared PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel exhibits favorable stretchability (970%) and remarkable self-healing property. Meanwhile, due to the presence of glycerol and LiCl, the PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel possesses outstanding anti-freezing capability, it can maintain excellent stretchability (608%) and conductivity (0.102 S/m) even at −40°C. In addition, the PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel-based strain sensor is capable of repeatedly and stably detecting and monitoring both large-scale human motions and subtle physiological signals in a wide temperature range (from −40°C to 25°C). More importantly, the PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel-based sensor displays excellent strain sensitivity (GF = 13.16 at 500% strain), fast response time (300 ms), and outstanding repeatability. Based on these super characteristics, it is envisioned that PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel holds promising potentials as wearable strain sensor.
Modulation of the Host Nuclear Compartment by Trypanosoma cruzi Uncovers Effects on Host Transcription and Splicing Machinery
Authors: Gachet-Castro Camila , Freitas-Castro Felipe , Gonzáles-Córdova Raul Alexander , da Fonseca Carol Kobori , Gomes Marcelo Damário , Ishikawa-Ankerhold Hellen Cristina , Baqui Munira Muhammad Abdel
Published: October 2021

Host manipulation is a common strategy for invading pathogens. Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas Disease, lives intracellularly within host cells. During infection, parasite-associated modifications occur to the host cell metabolism and morphology. However, little is known about the effect of T. cruzi infection on the host cell nucleus and nuclear functionality. Here, we show that T. cruzi can modulate host transcription and splicing machinery in non-professional phagocytic cells during infection. We found that T. cruzi regulates host RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) in a time-dependent manner, resulting in a drastic decrease in RNAPII activity. Furthermore, host cell ribonucleoproteins associated with mRNA transcription (hnRNPA1 and AB2) are downregulated concurrently. We reasoned that T. cruzi may hijack the host U2AF35 auxiliary factor, a key regulator for RNA processing, as a strategy to affect the splicing machinery activities directly. In support of our hypothesis, we carried out in vivo splicing assays using an adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA splicing reporter, showing that intracellular T. cruzi directly modulates the host cells by appropriating U2AF35. For the first time, our results provide evidence of a complex and intimate molecular relationship between T. cruzi and the host cell nucleus during infection.
Pancreaticobiliary Cancers and Aeromonas Isolates Carrying Type Ⅲ Secretion System Genes ascF-ascG Are Associated With Increased Mortality: An Analysis of 164 Aeromonas Infection Episodes in Southern Taiwan
Authors: Chen Ying-Wen , Su Shu-Li , Li Chia-Wen , Tsai Chin-Shiang , Lo Ching-Lung , Syue Ling-Shan , Li Min-Chi , Lee Ching-Chi , Lee Nan-Yao , Ko Wen-Chien , Chen Po-Lin
Published: October 2021

This prospective study aimed to investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of different Aeromonas species. Clinical isolates of Aeromonas species between 2016 to 2018 were collected in a university hospital in southern Taiwan. The species was determined by rpoD or gyrB sequencing. A total of 222 Aeromonas isolates from 160 patients in 164 episodes were identified. The crude in-hospital mortality was 17.2%. The most frequently isolated species was Aeromonas veronii (30.6%), followed by A. caviae (24.8%), A. hydrophila (23%), and A. dhakensis (16.7%). The major clinical manifestations were primary bacteremia (31.1%), skin and soft tissue infection (22.6%), and biliary tract infection (18.3%). The most common underlying diseases were malignancy (45.1%), diabetes mellitus (27.4%), and liver cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis (26.2%). A. hydrophila and A. dhakensis predominated in the skin and soft tissue infection (p<0.0001), whereas A. vernoii and A. caviae prevailed in primary bacteremia and biliary tract infections (p=0.012). Pneumonia, malignancy, and ascF-ascG genotype were independent factors associated with mortality. Ertapenem susceptibility was decreased in A. sobria (42.9%), A. veronii (66.7%), A. dhakensis (73%), and A. hydrophila (84.3%). Cefotaxime resistance was found in 30.9% of A. caviae and 18.9% of A. dhakensis isolates, much more prevalent than the other species. The metallo-β-lactamase blaCphA was almost invariably present in A. dhakensis, A. hydrophila, and A. veronii (100%, 100% and 89.9%, respectively). Amp-C β-lactamases such as blaMOX and blaAQU-1 were identified in all A. caviae and 91.9% of A. dhakensis isolates. Cefepime, fluoroquinolones and tigecycline showed good in vitro activity against aeromonads.
Assessment of High-Power Catheter Ablation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mao Zhi-Jie , Pei Yan , Lin Hui , Xiang Yin , Huang Zhou-Qing , Xiao Fang-Yi , Chen Yi-He
Published: October 2021

Background: High-power radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation was considered as a promising alternative strategy to conventional-power ablation in the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). This study sought to compare the efficacy and safety of high-power energy delivery to that of conventional-power setting in AF catheter ablation.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of relevant literature in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar database. Sixteen eligible studies totaling 3,307 patients (1,929 for high-power ablation; 1,378 for conventional-power ablation) met inclusion criteria.

Results: During a median 12 month follow-up, high-power ablation showed a significantly higher AF/atrial tachycardia-free survival rate in comparison with conventional-power ablation (risk ratio [RR] 1.09, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.15, p = 0.008). Notably, a high-power strategy convincingly decreased the procedure time (weighted mean difference [WMD] −46.11 min, 95% CI −59.15 to −33.07, p < 0.001) and RF ablation time (WMD −19.19 min, 95% CI −24.47 to −13.90, p < 0.001), along with reduced fluoroscopy time (WMD −7.82 min, 95% CI −15.13 to −0.68, p = 0.036). In addition, there was no perceptible difference in the potential risk of procedure-related complications between these two approaches (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.37, p = 0.428).

Conclusions: High-power RF catheter ablation was associated with an improvement in long-term sinus rhythm maintenance for treatment of AF, without exacerbating the risk of adverse events during the procedure. Impressively, high-power pulmonary vein isolation had the potential to shorten the application duration and minimize fluoroscopic exposure.
Relationship Between Low Skeletal Muscle Mass and Arteriosclerosis in Western China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Tong Xiang , Ma Yao , Bao Ting , Yue Jirong
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This study explored the prevalence and the correlation between low muscle mass and arteriosclerosis in different gender and age groups, to increase the attention paid to the risk factors of arteriosclerosis in the young and middle-aged population.

Methods: This was an analytical, cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from healthy individuals recruited from the Health Management Center of W Hospital. The brachial-ankle pulse-wave velocity was used as an indicator of arteriosclerosis, and a bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to assess the body composition.

Results: A total of 36,374 subjects (men, 58.4%; women, 41.6%; mean age, 43.74 ± 12.34 years [range, 18–80 years]) participated in this study. The prevalence of low skeletal muscle mass and arteriosclerosis was 17.7 and 53.1%, respectively, in all subjects. Low skeletal muscle mass was significantly associated with arteriosclerosis (OR: 1.435, 95% CI: 1.343–1.533, P < 0.001) in all subjects, and the association remained significant in young age (OR: 1.506, 95% CI: 1.353–1.678, P < 0.001), middle-age (OR: 1.329, 95% CI: 1.195–1.479, P < 0.001), and old age (OR: 1.676, 95% CI: 1.191–2.358, P = 0.003), and also significant in men (OR: 1.559, 95% CI: 1.396–1.740, P < 0.001) and women (OR: 1.266, 95% CI: 1.143–1.401, P < 0.001).

Conclusions and Implications: Our results show that the prevalence of low muscle mass and arteriosclerosis is high in the general population, even among middle-aged people and young people, and confirmed that there is a significant independent association between low skeletal muscle mass and arteriosclerosis in all subjects and in different age and gender subgroups.
Diagnostic Performance of Fractional Flow Reserve From CT Coronary Angiography With Analytical Method
Authors: Zhang Jun-Mei , Han Huan , Tan Ru-San , Chai Ping , Fam Jiang Ming , Teo Lynette , Chin Chee Yang , Ong Ching Ching , Low Ris , Chandola Gaurav , Leng Shuang , Huang Weimin , Allen John C. , Baskaran Lohendran , Kassab Ghassan S. , Low Adrian Fatt Hoe , Chan Mark Yan-Yee , Chan Koo Hui , Loh Poay Huan , Wong Aaron Sung Lung , Tan Swee Yaw , Chua Terrance , Lim Soo Teik , Zhong Liang
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate a new analytical method for calculating non-invasive fractional flow reserve (FFRAM) to diagnose ischemic coronary lesions. Patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) and invasive coronary angiography (ICA) with FFR measurements from two sites were prospectively recruited. Obstructive CAD was defined as diameter stenosis (DS) ≥50% on CTCA or ICA. FFRAM was derived from CTCA images and anatomical features using analytical method and was compared with computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based FFR (FFRB) and invasive ICA-based FFR. FFRAM, FFRB, and invasive FFR ≤ 0.80 defined ischemia. A total of 108 participants (mean age 60, range: 30–83 years, 75% men) with 169 stenosed coronary arteries were analyzed. The per-vessel accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive and negative predictive values were, respectively, 81, 75, 86, 81, and 82% for FFRAM and 87, 88, 86, 83, and 90% for FFRB. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for FFRAM (0.89 and 0.87) and FFRB (0.90 and 0.86) were higher than both CTCA- and ICA-derived DS (all p < 0.0001) on per-vessel and per-patient bases for discriminating ischemic lesions. The computational time for FFRAM was much shorter than FFRB (2.2 ± 0.9 min vs. 48 ± 36 min, excluding image acquisition and segmentation). FFRAM calculated from a novel and expeditious non-CFD approach possesses a comparable diagnostic performance to CFD-derived FFRB, with a significantly shorter computational time.
A Cost Analysis of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnostic Pathway of Patients Presenting With Unexplained Acute Myocardial Injury and Culprit-Free Coronary Angiography
Authors: Murphy Theodore , Jones Daniel A. , Friebel Rocco , Uchegbu Ijeoma , Mohiddin Saidi A. , Petersen Steffen E.
Published: October 2021

Aims: To determine financial implications of implementing cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in the diagnostic pathway of a population with unexplained acute myocardial injury and normal coronary angiography.

Methods and Results: We performed a focused cost-benefit analysis using a hypothetical population of 2,000 patients with unexplained acute myocardial injury and normal coronary angiography divided into two groups to receive either standard or CMR guided management over a 10-year period. As healthcare practice and costs considerably vary geographically and over time, an algorithm with 15 key variables was developed to permit user-defined calculations of cost-benefit and other analyses. Using current UK costs, routine use of CMR increases healthcare spending by 14% per patient in the first year. After 7 years, CMR guided practice is cost neutral, reducing cost by 3% per patient 10 years following presentation. In addition, CMR -guided therapy results in 7 fewer myocardial infarctions and 14 fewer major bleeding events per 1,000 patients over a 10-year period. The three most sensitive variables were, in decreasing order, the cost of CMR, the cost of ticagrelor and the percentage of the population with MI requiring DAPT.

Conclusion: Routine use of CMR in patients with unexplained acute myocardial injury and normal coronary angiography is associated with cost reductions in the medium to long term. The initial higher cost of CMR is offset over time and delivers a more personalized and higher quality of care.