bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aiding ICD-10 Encoding of Clinical Health Records Using Improved Text Cosine Similarity and PLM-ICD
Authors: Silva Hugo , Duque Vítor , Macedo Mário , Mendes Mateus
Published: March 2024

The International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10), has been widely used for the classification of patient diagnostic information. This classification is usually performed by dedicated physicians with specific coding training, and it is a laborious task. Automatic classification is a challenging task for the domain of natural language processing. Therefore, automatic methods have been proposed to aid the classification process. This paper proposes a method where Cosine text similarity is combined with a pretrained language model, PLM-ICD, in order to increase the number of probably useful suggestions of ICD-10 codes, based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV dataset. The results show that a strategy of using multiple runs, and bucket category search, in the Cosine method, improves the results, providing more useful suggestions. Also, the use of a strategy composed by the Cosine method and PLM-ICD, which was called PLM-ICD-C, provides better results than just the PLM-ICD.
Precision Landing of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle under Wind Disturbance Using Derivative Sliding Mode Nonlinear Disturbance Observer-Based Control Method
Authors: Jung Sunghun
Published: March 2024

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are extensively employed in civilian and military applications because of their excellent maneuverability. Achieving fully autonomous quadrotor flight and precision landing on a wireless charging station in the presence of wind disturbance has become a crucial research topic. This paper presents a composite control technique for UAV altitude and attitude tracking in harsh environments, i.e., wind disturbance. A composite controller was developed based on nonlinear disturbance observer (NDOB) control theory to allow the UAV to land in the presence of random external wind disturbances and ground effects. The NDOB estimated the unknown wind disturbance, and the estimation was fed into the derivative sliding mode nonlinear disturbance observer-based control (DSMNDOBC), allowing the UAV to perform autonomous precision landing. Two loop designs were applied: the inner loop for stabilization and the outer loop for altitude tracking. The quadrotor model dynamics and the proposed controller, DSMNDOBC, were simulated employing MATLAB/Simulink®, and the results were compared with the one obtained by the proportional derivative (PD) controller and the sliding mode controller (SMC). The simulation results indicated that the DSMNDOBC has superior altitude and attitude control compared to the PD and SMC controllers and better disturbance estimation and attenuation performance.
A Preliminary Evaluation of Morphing Horizontal Tail Design for UAVs
Authors: Montano Fernando , Dimino Ignazio , Milazzo Alberto
Published: March 2024

Morphing structures are a relatively new aircraft technology currently being investigated for a variety of applications, from civil to military. Despite the lack of literature maturity and its complexity, morphing wings offer significant aerodynamic benefits over a wide range of flight conditions, enabling reduced aircraft fuel consumption and airframe noise, longer range and higher efficiency. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of morphing horizontal tail design on aircraft performance and flight mechanics. This study is conducted on a 1:5 scale model of a Preceptor N-3 Pup at its trim condition, of which the longitudinal dynamics is implemented in MATLAB release 2022. Starting from the original horizontal tail airfoil NACA 0012 with the elevator deflected at the trim value, this is modified by using the X-Foil tool to obtain a smooth morphing airfoil trailing edge shape with the same CLα. By comparing both configurations and their influence on the whole aircraft, the resulting improvements are evaluated in terms of stability in the short-period mode, reduction in the parasitic drag coefficient CD0, and increased endurance at various altitudes.
A Study of Thermal Runaway Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries and Predictive Numerical Modeling Techniques
Authors: Sorensen Alexander , Utgikar Vivek , Belt Jeffrey
Published: March 2024

While thermal runaway characterization and prediction is an important aspect of lithium-ion battery engineering and development, it is a requirement to ensure that a battery system can be safe under normal operations and during failure events. This study investigated the current existing literature regarding lithium-ion battery thermal runaway characterization and predictive modeling methods. A thermal model for thermal runaway prediction was adapted from the literature and is presented in this paper along with a comparison of empirical data and predicted data using the model. Empirical data were collected from a Samsung 30Q 18650 cylindrical cell and from a large 20 Ah pouch cell format using accelerated rate calorimetry. The predictive model was executed in a macro-enabled Microsoft Excel workbook for simplicity and accessibility for the public. The primary purpose of using more primitive modeling software was to provide an accurate model that was generally accessible without the purchase of or training in a specific modeling software package. The modes of heat transfer during the thermal runaway event were studied and are reported in this work, along with insights on thermal management during a thermal runaway failure event.
Non-Coding RNAs: Regulators of Stress, Ageing, and Developmental Decisions in Yeast?
Authors: Čáp Michal , Palková Zdena
Published: March 2024

Cells must change their properties in order to adapt to a constantly changing environment. Most of the cellular sensing and regulatory mechanisms described so far are based on proteins that serve as sensors, signal transducers, and effectors of signalling pathways, resulting in altered cell physiology. In recent years, however, remarkable examples of the critical role of non-coding RNAs in some of these regulatory pathways have been described in various organisms. In this review, we focus on all classes of non-coding RNAs that play regulatory roles during stress response, starvation, and ageing in different yeast species as well as in structured yeast populations. Such regulation can occur, for example, by modulating the amount and functional state of tRNAs, rRNAs, or snRNAs that are directly involved in the processes of translation and splicing. In addition, long non-coding RNAs and microRNA-like molecules are bona fide regulators of the expression of their target genes. Non-coding RNAs thus represent an additional level of cellular regulation that is gradually being uncovered.
Testicular Vascularization after Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Eurlings Roxanne , Killaars Rianne E. M. , Visschers Ruben G. J. , van Gemert Wim G.
Published: March 2024

Background: The effect of pediatric inguinal hernia repair (IHR) on testicular vascularization remains unclear. Manipulating the spermatic cord during surgery may reduce blood flow due to edema and vasoconstriction. This can lead to testicular atrophy. The study aims to review current knowledge of testicular vascular impairment following IHR in children. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Methodological quality was assessed using validated tools. Data were extracted, and a pooled data analysis was performed. Results: Ten studies were included in the systematic review. Six of these studies were eligible for meta-analysis. This revealed a significant decrease in testicular vascularization during the short-term follow-up (1 day–1 week) after IHR using the open surgical approach. This decrease was not present after laparoscopic intervention. There was no more increased resistance in the vessels at long-term follow-up (1 month–6 months), suggesting that the impaired vascularity is only temporary. Conclusions: There seems to be a short-term transient vascular impairment of the testis after open IHR in children. This might be of clinical relevance to prefer the laparoscopic approach for IHR in children, even though the open approach is the gold standard, in contrast to adult IHR. The impact on testicular function and sperm quality later in life remains unclear. Comparative studies of both techniques are needed to determine if there is a significant difference in testicular vascularity. Long-term studies are necessary to assess the impact of transiently reduced vascularity on sperm quality and fertility later in life.
Study on Improving Electrochemical Machining Performances through Energy Conversion of Electrolyte Fluid
Authors: Ge Zhenghui , Chen Maolong , Chen Wangwang , Zhu Yongwei
Published: March 2024

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is regarded as a promising and cost-effective manufacturing method for difficult-to-cut materials with complex shapes and structures. The flow-field state of machining gaps is considered a key factor affecting machining performance in ECM engineering practice and has been widely studied. However, little attention has been given to the fluid energy of electrolytes during the ECM process. This study mainly focuses on the influence of the conversion between dynamic and static pressure energy of electrolyte fluid on ECM performance. The simulation results show that by changing the degree of convergence of the electrolyte outlet, the dynamic and static pressure energy of the electrolyte can be effectively adjusted, and increased static pressure energy can be obtained by sacrificing dynamic pressure energy. The experimental results show that electrolyte energy conversion can achieve better surface quality and material removal rate (MRR). However, excessive sacrifice of fluid dynamic pressure energy will also worsen the ECM performance. By combining MRR and Ra, moderate fluid energy conversion can achieve better machining performance, with a degree of convergence of around 50%–70%. The experimental results also show that moderate energy conversion of the electrolyte fluid can improve the utilization efficiency of electrical energy in the ECM process. This may be because the static pressure of the electrolyte can effectively compress the volume of gas products and reduce the electrical resistivity of the machining gap. These conclusions can provide some useful assistance for ECM engineering practice.
Comparison of SD Bioline Malaria Ag Pf/Pan and Acro Malaria P.f./P.v./Pan with Microscopy and Real Time PCR for the Diagnosis of Human Plasmodium Species
Authors: Madamet Marylin , Fonta Isabelle , Mosnier Joel , Benoit Nicolas , Amalvict Rémy , Briolant Sébastien ,   French National Reference Centre for Imported Malaria Study Group, Pradines Bruno
Published: March 2024

The early diagnosis of malaria is crucial to controlling morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends diagnosing malaria either using light microscopy or a malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Most RDTs use antibodies to detect two P. falciparum histidine-rich proteins named PfHRP2 and PfHRP3. However, false-negative results are known to occur due to the poor performance of RDTs depending on the species and the deletion of the Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes. This study evaluated new malaria RDTs for the detection of the human Plasmodium species. The Acro Malaria P.f./P.v./Pan Rapid Test Cassette allows the qualitative detection of parasite antigens, such as PfHRP2 specific to Plasmodium falciparum, PvLDH specific to Plasmodium vivax, and/or panLDH Plasmodium genus lactate dehydrogenase, in the blood of infected individuals. This RDT was assessed against 229 samples collected from imported malaria cases, mainly from Africa. The samples were previously diagnosed using light microscopy and RDT (SD Malaria Ag P.f./Pan, SD Bioline Alere Abbott), then confirmed using real time PCR. The two RDTs were evaluated using a comparison with real time PCR as the reference method, and their performances were compared with each other. Compared to SD RDT, the Acro RDT showed a better sensitivity to P. falciparum (96.8% vs. 89.8%), P. vivax (78.6% vs. 64.3%), P. ovale (73.7% vs. 5.3%), and P. malariae (20.0% vs. 0%). The respective specificities of the Acro RDT and SD RDT are 90.7% vs. 95.3% to P. falciparum, 100% to P. vivax, and 100% vs. 100% to Plasmodium genus. Therefore, Acro RDT showed better performance in the identification of P. ovale and low parasitaemia of P. falciparum. In addition, Acro RDT has the advantage of detecting PvLDH-specific antigens. The Acro Malaria RDT presents the benefits of detecting a P. falciparum antigen (PfHRP2) and a P. vivax antigen (PvLDH) with high sensitivity (96.8% and 73.7%, respectively) and specificity (90.7% and 100%, respectively). Acro Malaria P.f./P.v./Pan rapid diagnostic tests could be effectively used in endemic areas, especially when microscopic examination cannot be performed.
Joint Estimation of SOC and SOH for Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Dual Adaptive Central Difference H-Infinity Filter
Authors: Sang Bingyu , Wu Zaijun , Yang Bo , Wei Junjie , Wan Youhong
Published: March 2024

The accurate estimation of the state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries is crucial for the safe and reliable operation of battery systems. In order to overcome the practical problems of low accuracy, slow convergence and insufficient robustness in the existing joint estimation algorithms of SOC and SOH, a Dual Adaptive Central Difference H-Infinity Filter algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the Forgetting Factor Recursive Least Squares (FFRLS) algorithm is employed for parameter identification, and an inner loop with multiple updates of the parameter estimation vector is added to improve the accuracy of parameter identification. Secondly, the capacity is selected as the characterization of SOH, and the open circuit voltage and capacity are used as the state variables for capacity estimation to improve its convergence speed. Meanwhile, considering the interaction between SOC and SOH, the state space equations of SOC and SOH estimation are established. Moreover, the proposed algorithm introduces a robust discrete H-infinity filter equation to improve the measurement update on the basis of the central differential Kalman filter with good accuracy, and combines the Sage–Husa adaptive filter to achieve the joint estimation of SOC and SOH. Finally, under Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) and Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET) conditions, the SOC estimation errors are 0.5% and 0.63%, and the SOH maximum estimation errors are 0.73% and 0.86%, indicating that the proposed algorithm has higher accuracy compared to the traditional algorithm. The experimental results at different initial values of capacity and SOC demonstrate that the proposed algorithm showcases enhanced convergence speed and robustness.
Heat Transfer and Flow Resistance in Crossflow over Corrugated Tube Banks
Authors: Zhong Yuzhou , Zhao Jingquan , Zhao Lei , Gao Ge , Zhu Xiaowei
Published: March 2024

The engineering of tubes with surface corrugations is recognized as an effective method for enhancing heat transfer within the tube. Yet the impact of surface corrugation on the flow and heat transfer around the tube’s exterior remains inadequately explored. This study investigates the crossflow and heat transfer characteristics in banks of periodically inward-corrugated tubes using computational fluid dynamics. Numerical simulations were performed for both in-line and staggered tube arrangements, covering Reynolds numbers from 1000 to 10,000. The aim was to examine how various corrugation parameters affect heat transfer and flow dynamics in tube banks configured in both in-line and staggered layouts. The results show that the heat transfer and the pressure drop in crossflow across tube banks are substantially influenced by changes in corrugation parameters. Specifically, in the in-line arrangement, both the Nusselt number and Euler number decrease significantly as the corrugation height increases. In contrast, in the staggered arrangement, the Nusselt number and Euler number exhibit less variation in response to surface corrugation. A comparative analysis of performance criteria suggests that a staggered arrangement is more advantageous for improving thermal–hydraulic efficiency in crossflow through corrugated tube banks.
Advances in the Study of Techniques to Determine the Lithium-Ion Battery’s State of Charge
Authors: Liu Xinyue , Gao Yang , Marma Kyamra , Miao Yu , Liu Lin
Published: March 2024

This study explores the challenges and advances in the estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which are crucial to optimizing their performance and lifespan. This review focuses on four main techniques of SOC estimation: experimental measurement, modeling approach, data-driven approach, and joint estimation approach, highlighting the limitations and potential inaccuracies of each method. This study suggests a combined approach, incorporating correction parameters and closed-loop feedback, to improve measurement accuracy. It introduces a multi-physics model that considers temperature, charging rate, and aging effects and proposes the integration of models and algorithms for optimal estimation of SOC. This research emphasizes the importance of considering temperature and aging factors in data-driven approaches. It suggests that the fusion of different methods could lead to more accurate SOC predictions, an important area for future research.
Design of Interleaved Winding for Multilayer Planar Inductor and Its Application in Reducing Current Ringing of LLC Resonant Converter
Authors: Liu Qichen , Zhang Zhengquan
Published: March 2024

To enhance the power density of LLC resonant converters, multilayer planar inductors are required. However, multilayer planar inductors have high parasitic capacitance, which may cause inductor current ringing in LLC resonant converters, leading to EMI problems. In this paper, it is found that by using interleaved winding inductors, compared with traditional winding inductors, the parasitic capacitance of multilayer planar inductors is reduced, which can reduce current ringing, without sacrificing power density and increasing manufacturing complexity. The method used to analyze current ringing is to establish an impedance model, and the parasitic capacitance of the interleaved winding inductors is verified by FEM simulations. The analysis is validated in an LLC resonant converter prototype.
Correction: Kelebek et al. Exploring the Impact of Infusion Parameters and In Vitro Digestion on the Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Guayusa (Ilex guayusa Loes.) Tea Using Liquid Chromatography, Diode Array Detection, and Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Foods 2024, 13, 694
Authors: Kelebek Hasim , Sasmaz Hatice Kubra , Aksay Ozge , Selli Serkan , Kahraman Ozan , Fields Christine
Published: March 2024

In the original publication [...]
Insight into CMC-PVA-fHNTs Nanocomposite Hydrogel as an Advance Carrier for Cefadroxil Monohydrate: Fabrication and Characterization/Angiogenic Potential Analysis
Authors: Zia Saba , Khan Shahzad Maqsood , Butt Muhammad Taqi Zahid , Gull Nafisa
Published: March 2024

Controlled drug delivery is a key strategy aimed at reducing both the frequency of therapeutic dosages and potential systemic side effects, particularly in the case of high drug concentrations. The nanocomposite hydrogel systems presented in this study were synthesized by combining carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane-functionalized halloysite nanotubes (fHNTs). This hydrogel system is a potential candidate for the controlled release of cefadroxil monohydrate. These hydrogels are analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and rheological measurements. Additionally, swelling properties, porosity, hydrophilicity, drug release, and in vitro and in vivo analyses were also evaluated. The observed trends in swelling and drug release demonstrated that the outcomes are dependent on the presence of fHNTs in the hydrogel matrix. Notably, fHNTs-loaded hydrogels displayed sustained drug release patterns. This innovative approach eliminates the need for traditional encapsulation and presents promising and translatable strategies for achieving more effective drug release.
Boosting Tomato Resilience in Tanzania: Grafting to Combat Bacterial Wilt and Abiotic Stress
Authors: Msabila Shem Elias , Nordey Thibault , Ernest Zablon , Mlowe Nickson , Manickam Ravishankar , Ramasamy Srinivasan , Huat Joël
Published: March 2024

The grafting technique has successfully mitigated crop losses from diseases and stress in vegetable production; however, vegetable grafting in Tanzania is very limited. Field and greenhouse experiments conducted in Tanzania’s mainland and islands compared the response of tomato determinate cv. ‘Tanya’ to production challenges when ungrafted and grafted onto five tomato rootstocks (‘Hawaii 7796’, ‘Tengeru 1997’, ‘Tengeru 2010’, ‘R3034’, and ‘Shelter’), one eggplant variety (‘EG 203’), and one wild Solanum species (Solanum elaeagnifolium). The visual symptoms of bacterial wilt varied significantly with location and season, ranging from 8 to 100%, attributed to varying bacterial wilt pressures and strains of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated (Phylotype I sequevars 17, 18, and 31). ‘EG203’ and ‘Hawaii 7796’ emerged as the most effective rootstocks, reducing wilting by 49.8 and 51.0% and improving yield by 57.2% and 27.7% on average across experiments conducted in three locations (Moshi, Pemba, and Unguja) over two seasons. Combining reduced water supply with grafting resulted in an average reduction in wilting of 76%, while also boosting yields by an average of 3.6 times in experiments conducted in Arusha over two seasons. Grafting onto ‘Hawaii 7796’ and ‘Shelter’ significantly improved ‘Tanya’ yields by 38.3% and 41.6% on average over two seasons, only under standard nutrient application rates. While certain rootstocks improved crop performance, yields across various sites and seasons were significantly hampered by pest pressure. These findings support grafting’s potential to mitigate damage from common stresses, emphasizing the need for further research to identify suitable rootstocks for optimizing returns on investments in grafted plants in Tanzania.
An Escherichia coli-Based Phosphorylation System for Efficient Screening of Kinase Substrates
Authors: Cayuela Andrés , Villasante-Fernández Adela , Corbalán-Acedo Antonio , Baena-González Elena , Ferrando Alejandro , Belda-Palazón Borja
Published: March 2024

Posttranslational modifications (PTMs), particularly phosphorylation, play a pivotal role in expanding the complexity of the proteome and regulating diverse cellular processes. In this study, we present an efficient Escherichia coli phosphorylation system designed to streamline the evaluation of potential substrates for Arabidopsis thaliana plant kinases, although the technology is amenable to any. The methodology involves the use of IPTG-inducible vectors for co-expressing kinases and substrates, eliminating the need for radioactive isotopes and prior protein purification. We validated the system’s efficacy by assessing the phosphorylation of well-established substrates of the plant kinase SnRK1, including the rat ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE 1 (ACC1) and FYVE1/FREE1 proteins. The results demonstrated the specificity and reliability of the system in studying kinase-substrate interactions. Furthermore, we applied the system to investigate the phosphorylation cascade involving the A. thaliana MKK3-MPK2 kinase module. The activation of MPK2 by MKK3 was demonstrated to phosphorylate the Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), confirming the system’s ability to unravel sequential enzymatic steps in phosphorylation cascades. Overall, this E. coli phosphorylation system offers a rapid, cost-effective, and reliable approach for screening potential kinase substrates, presenting a valuable tool to complement the current portfolio of molecular techniques for advancing our understanding of kinase functions and their roles in cellular signaling pathways.
The Role of Endocrine Disruption Chemical-Regulated Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activity in the Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer
Authors: Kim Kyounghyun
Published: March 2024

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) serves as a ligand-activated transcription factor crucial for regulating fundamental cellular and molecular processes, such as xenobiotic metabolism, immune responses, and cancer development. Notably, a spectrum of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) act as agonists or antagonists of AHR, leading to the dysregulation of pivotal cellular and molecular processes and endocrine system disruption. Accumulating evidence suggests a correlation between EDC exposure and the onset of diverse pancreatic diseases, including diabetes, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer. Despite this association, the mechanistic role of AHR as a linchpin molecule in EDC exposure-related pathogenesis of pancreatic diseases and cancer remains unexplored. This review comprehensively examines the involvement of AHR in EDC exposure-mediated regulation of pancreatic pathogenesis, emphasizing AHR as a potential therapeutic target for the pathogenesis of pancreatic diseases and cancer.
An Overview of Degradation Strategies for Amitriptyline
Authors: Comanescu Cezar , Racovita Radu C.
Published: March 2024

Antidepressant drugs play a crucial role in the treatment of mental health disorders, but their efficacy and safety can be compromised by drug degradation. Recent reports point to several drugs found in concentrations ranging from the limit of detection (LOD) to hundreds of ng/L in wastewater plants around the globe; hence, antidepressants can be considered emerging pollutants with potential consequences for human health and wellbeing. Understanding and implementing effective degradation strategies are essential not only to ensure the stability and potency of these medications but also for their safe disposal in line with current environment remediation goals. This review provides an overview of degradation pathways for amitriptyline, a typical tricyclic antidepressant drug, by exploring chemical routes such as oxidation, hydrolysis, and photodegradation. Connex issues such as stability-enhancing approaches through formulation and packaging considerations, regulatory guidelines, and quality control measures are also briefly noted. Specific case studies of amitriptyline degradation pathways forecast the future perspectives and challenges in this field, helping researchers and pharmaceutical manufacturers to provide guidelines for the most effective degradation pathways employed for minimal environmental impact.
Jitter Measurements of 1 cm2 LGADs for Space Experiments
Authors: Bisht Ashish , Cavazzini Leo , Centis Vignali Matteo , Caso Fabiola , Hammad Ali Omar , Ficorella Francesco , Boscardin Maurizio , Paternoster Giovanni
Published: March 2024

This work explores the possibility of using Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) for tracker-based experiments studying Charged Cosmic Rays (CCRs) in space. While conventional silicon microstrip sensors provide only spatial information about the charged particle passing through the tracker, LGADs have the potential to provide additional timing information with a resolution in the order of tens of picoseconds. For the first time, it has been demonstrated that an LGAD with an active area of approximately 1 cm2 can achieve a jitter of less than 40 ps. A comparison of design and gain layers is carried out to understand which provides the best time resolution. For this purpose, laboratory measurements of sensors’ electrical properties and gain using LED and an Infrared laser, as well as their jitter, were performed.
The Value of the Electrocardiogram in Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Schiavone William A. , Majdalany David S.
Published: March 2024

The electrocardiogram is the first test that is undertaken when evaluating a patient’s heart. Diagnosing congenital heart disease in an adult (ACHD) can be facilitated by knowing the classical electrocardiographic (EKG) findings. These EKG findings often result from the congenital defect that prevents a part of the cardiac conduction system from occupying its normal anatomic position. When these classical EKG findings are not present, the clinician should consider alternate diagnoses. As the patient with congenital heart disease ages, with native anatomy or after surgical or device repair, the EKG can be used to assess the patient’s status and to decide if and when treatment requires adjustment. This is because the electrocardiogram (EKG) can diagnose the hypertrophy or enlargement in a cardiac chamber that results from the congenital defect or anomaly and can diagnose an arrhythmia that might compromise an otherwise stable anatomy. While ACHD often involves intracardiac shunting, in many cases the abnormality only involves cardiac electrical conduction block or ventricular repolarization. These life-threatening diseases can be diagnosed with an EKG. This review will demonstrate and explain how the EKG can be used to diagnose and follow adults with congenital heart disease. When coupled with history and physical examination, the value of the EKG in ACHD will be apparent. A diagnosis can then be made or a differential diagnosis proposed, before an imaging study is ordered.
Visceral Adipose Tissue Depth as a Novel Predictor for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Li Weikun , Jiang Yi , Feng Ling , Yu Jun
Published: March 2024

Background and Objectives: The escalating prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the limitations associated with utilizing body mass index (BMI) as a predictive measure underscore the imperative need for identifying an optimal early pregnancy predictor. Such a predictor not only mitigates the risk of GDM but also allows for timely implementation of interventions. Materials and Methods: This meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) depth and the risk of GDM. A thorough search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted up to 30 September 2023. The analysis employed a random-effects model to assess the relationship between VAT depth and the likelihood of GDM. Results: The inclusion criteria encompassed seven studies involving 1315 women, including 225 diagnosed with GDM. Significantly lower VAT depth was observed in the non-GDM group in comparison to the GDM group (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD]: 0.84; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.52–1.15; p < 0.001). Substantial statistical heterogeneity was noted among studies (I2 = 72.88%, p = 0.001). Through meticulous sensitivity and subgroup analyses, the source of heterogeneity was identified and thoroughly discussed. Subgroup analyses suggest that different GDM diagnostic criteria and VAT definitions all indicate higher VAT depth in GDM patients during early pregnancy. Conclusions: Our findings propose that, during the first trimester, GDM patients exhibit higher VAT depth compared to non-GDM women, highlighting VAT depth as a potential predictive factor for GDM in early pregnancy. This study contributes valuable evidence to the growing body of knowledge surrounding novel predictors for GDM, emphasizing the importance of early intervention strategies.
Diagenetic Impact on High-Pressure High-Temperature Reservoirs in Deep-Water Submarine Fan Sandstone of Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea
Authors: Hu Lin , Luo Wei , Ma Benben
Published: March 2024

The diagenetic evolution of sandstone is very complicated under the conditions of high temperatures and pressures in deep-water, deep-buried regimes, which have great influence on reservoir quality. This study investigates the typical reservoir target of Neogene deep-water, submarine-fan sandstones under high-temperature, high-pressure regimes in the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea. Utilizing a thin section, scanning electron microscope (SEM), mineral geochemistry combined with burial history evolution, complex diagenetic events, and main controlling factors of the sandstone in the Neogene Meishan Formation were determined. The results show that the evolution of sandstone reservoirs is initially controlled by depositional framework compositions and subsequently modified by eogenetic and mesogenetic alterations during progressive burial. Eogenetic alterations mainly include the following: (1) mechanical compaction; (2) dissolution of feldspar; (3) low-Fe calcite cementation. Mesogenetic events were identified as the following: (1) dissolution of feldspar; (2) ferroan calcite and ankerite formation; (3) precipitation of quartz and clay mineral. Mechanical compaction is greatly influenced by the original depositional framework composition, and sandstone samples enriched in high contents of detrital clay matrix always experienced extensive mechanical compaction. Different phases of carbonate cement during different diagenetic regimes lead to continuous destruction on reservoir porosity. The dissolution of unstable feldspar minerals during eogenetic and mesogenetic environments leads to the development of secondary porosities and would enhance the quality of the reservoir. Overpressure formation is pervasively developed owing to early disequilibrium compaction and subsequent natural gas charging. Only well-sorted sandstones with low contents of detrital clay matrix could resist early mechanical compaction, lead to ample residual original porosities, and then undergo extensive mineral dissolution to generate sufficient secondary porosities. Subsequently, these porosities would be effectively protected by overpressure formation. Poor-sorted sandstones with high contents of detrital clay matrix would experience strong mechanical compaction and extensive destruction of original porosities. Thus, these sandstones are difficult to have significant dissolution and are unable to be effectively protected by overpressure formation. Therefore, the interplay between the original framework composition and the corresponding diagenetic pathways coupled with overpressure formation would result in strong reservoir heterogeneity for the deep-buried sandstones during progressive burial.
New Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives with Multidirectional Biological Action
Authors: Lasek Patryk , Kosikowska Urszula , Kołodziej Przemysław , Kubiak-Tomaszewska Grażyna , Krzyżanowska Natalia , Szostek Tomasz , Struga Marta , Feldo Marcin , Bogucka-Kocka Anna , Wujec Monika
Published: March 2024

Over the years, several new medicinal substances have been introduced for the treatment of diseases caused by bacteria and parasites. Unfortunately, due to the production of numerous defense mechanisms by microorganisms and parasites, they still pose a serious threat to humanity around the world. Therefore, laboratories all over the world are still working on finding new, effective methods of pharmacotherapy. This research work aimed to synthesize new compounds derived from 3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid hydrazide and to determine their biological activity. The first stage of the research was to obtain seven new compounds, including six linear compounds and one derivative of 1,2,4-triazole. The PASS software was used to estimate the potential probabilities of biological activity of the newly obtained derivatives. Next, studies were carried out to determine the nematocidal potential of the compounds with the use of nematodes of the genus Rhabditis sp. and antibacterial activity using the ACCT standard strains. To determine the lack of cytotoxicity, tests were performed on two cell lines. Additionally, an antioxidant activity test was performed due to the importance of scavenging free radicals in infections with pathogenic microorganisms. The conducted research proved the anthelmintic and antibacterial potential of the newly obtained compounds. The most effective were two compounds with a 3-chlorophenyl substituent, both linear and cyclic derivatives. They demonstrated higher efficacy than the drugs used in treatment.
Effect of Different Cooking Methods on the Aroma and Taste of Chicken Broth
Authors: Yuan Can , Xu Chengjian , Chen Lilan , Yang Jun , Qiao Mingfeng , Wu Zhoulin
Published: March 2024

A single combi oven, known for its versatility, is an excellent choice for a variety of chicken soup preparations. However, the impact of universal steam ovens on the flavor quality of chicken soup remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of different cooking methods on the aroma and taste of chicken soup. Three cooking methods with various stewing times were compared: ceramic pot (CP), electric pressure cooker (EPC), and combi oven (CO). Analyses were conducted using electron-nose, electron-tongue, gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC–IMS), automatic amino acid analysis, and chemometric methods. A total of 14 amino acids, including significant umami contributors, were identified. The taste components of CP and CO chicken soups were relatively similar. In total, 39 volatile aroma compounds, predominantly aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols, were identified. Aldehydes were the most abundant compounds, and 23 key aroma compounds were identified. Pearson’s correlation analyses revealed distinct correlations between various amino acids (e.g., glutamic acid and serine) and specific volatile compounds. The aroma compounds from the CP and CO samples showed similarities. The results of this study provide a reference for the application of one-touch cooking of chicken soup in versatile steam ovens.
New Genetic Determinants for qPCR Identification and the Enumeration of Selected Lactic Acid Bacteria in Raw-Milk Cheese
Authors: Stachelska Milena Alicja , Ekielski Adam , Karpiński Piotr , Żelaziński Tomasz , Kruszewski Bartosz
Published: March 2024

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play an important role in the ripening of cheeses and contribute to the development of the desired profile of aroma and flavor compounds. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the dynamics of bacterial proliferation in order to obtain an accurate and reliable number of their cells at each stage of cheese ripening. This work aimed to identify and conduct a quantitative assessment of the selected species of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria from raw cow’s milk cheese by the development of primers and probe pairs based on the uniqueness of the genetic determinants with which the target microorganisms can be identified. For that purpose, we applied real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) protocols to quantify Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris cells in cheese directly after production and over three-month and six-month ripening periods. While L. lactis subsp. cremoris shows good acidification ability and the ability to produce antimicrobial compounds, L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus has good proteolytic ability and produces exo-polysaccharides, and S. thermophilus takes part in the formation of the diacetyl flavor compound by metabolizing citrate to develop aroma, they all play an important role in the cheese ripening. The proposed qPCR protocols are very sensitive and reliable methods for a precise enumeration of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, S. thermophilus, and L. lactis subsp. cremoris in cheese samples.
Schwartz Symmetry Condition for Coherent Diffraction Imaging Patterns
Authors: Miqueles Eduardo X. , Kalile Tiago , Tonin Yuri R.
Published: March 2024

We demonstrate a symmetry condition for the mixed partial derivatives of measured data when performing a coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) experiment for differentiable samples under scientific investigation. The proposed condition can be used as a physical restriction to improve real data measurements and has been used within the most celebrated phase-retrieval inversion algorithms as an ad hoc constraint without proof. The symmetry relies on John’s ultrahyperbolic equation for the X-ray transform, which is also demonstrated to be valid in the imaging regime for CDI. The obtained conditions are easy to implement and can be used as a constraint by computational imaging methods.
In-Situ Improvement of the Sediment Microenvironment by Nitrate in Tailwater of Wastewater Treatment Plants Combined with Aerobic Denitrifying Bacteria under Low-DO Regulation
Authors: Chen Junyi , Zhang Chao , Liu Yun , Tian Jie , Guo Jianbo
Published: March 2024

Preventing the rebound of black and odorous water bodies is critical for improving the ecological environment of water bodies. This study examined the effect and underlying mechanism of in-situ improvement of the sediment microenvironment by nitrate in the tailwater of wastewater treatment plants combined with aerobic denitrifying bacteria under low-DO regulation (TailN + CFM + LDO). On the 60th day of remediation, the levels of dissolved oxygen and oxidation–reduction potential in the overlying water rose to 5.6 mg/L and 300 mV, respectively, the concentration of acid volatile sulfide within the sediment significantly decreased by 70.4%, and the organic matter content in the sediment was reduced by 62.7%, in which the heavy fraction organic matter was degraded from 105 g/kg to 56 g/kg, and the potential risk of water reverting to black and odorous conditions significantly decreased. Amplicon sequencing analysis revealed that the relative abundance of the electroactive bacteria Thiobacillus and Pseudomonas with denitrification capacity was found to be significantly higher in the TailN + CFM + LDO group than in the other remediation groups. Functional prediction of the 16S sequencing results indicated that both the quantity and activity of critical microbial enzymes involved in nitrification and denitrification processes could be enhanced in the TailN + CFM + LDO group. These results improved our understanding of the improvement of the sediment microenvironment and could thus facilitate its application.
Sustaining the Pearl River: A Critical Review of Changes in Fluvial Geomorphological Processes and the Driving Forces in the Pearl River Basin
Authors: Ou Haidong , Cai Shirong , Fan Wei , Qiu Junliang , Mu Xiaolin , Zhou Tao , Yang Xiankun , Picco Lorenzo
Published: March 2024

The Pearl River is one of China’s large rivers, the second-largest river and the fourth-longest river in China. Its unique geography, landform, and climate conditions create unique fluvial geomorphological processes. Affected by human activities and climate change, the fluvial geomorphological processes in the Pearl River Basin have undergone significant changes in recent decades, seriously affecting the river’s sustainable development. This paper critically reviews changes in fluvial geomorphological processes and analyzes influencing factors in the Pearl River Basin with a focus on possibilities for policy overhaul and strategic adjustments.
Designing a Reverse Logistics Network for End-of-Life Vehicles in an Uncertain Environment
Authors: He Meiling , Li Qipeng , Lin Tianhe , Fan Jiangyang , Wu Xiaohui , Han Xun
Published: March 2024

The strategic development of reverse logistics networks is crucial for addressing the common challenge of low recovery rates for end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) in China. To minimize the total cost of the reverse logistics network for ELVs, this paper proposes a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model. The model considers the recycling volume of different vehicle types, facility processing capacity, and the proportions of parts and materials. Building on this foundation, a fuzzy mixed-integer nonlinear programming (FMINLP) model is developed to account for the inherent uncertainty associated with recycling volumes and facility processing capacities. The model was solved using Lingo, and its effectiveness was validated using Jiangsu Province of China as a case study, followed by a sensitivity analysis. The results indicate that dismantling and machining centers incur the highest processing costs. Variations in recycling volume and facility handling capacity significantly impact total costs and site selection, with the former having a more pronounced effect. Increasing facility processing capacity effectively increases the recovery rate. Moreover, a higher confidence level corresponds to higher total costs and a greater demand for facilities.
Accounting of payments under a commercial concession agreement
Authors:   Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation”, Moscow, Russia, Sotnikova Lyudmila Viktorovna
Published: March 2024

In accordance with the Program for the Development of Federal Accounting Standards, Federal Accounting Standard 14/2022 “Intangible Assets” entered into force on January 1, 2024. At the same time, many questions arise about the application of this standard in various and frequently encountered situations, in particular, when concluding commercial concession (franchising) agreements, under which lump-sum payments and royalties are paid. Using the example of various practical situations, the article considers the procedure for recording non-exclusive rights to use the trademark of another franchisor organization in the accounting of a franchisee organization. During the research, such methods as analysis and synthesis, the method of comparison, grouping, analogy, logical and systematic approaches were used. The research results obtained in this article can be applied in the practical work of modern organizations, in the educational process of higher educational institutions and in the development and reform of regulatory documents on accounting, reporting and auditing. The results presented in this paper will also be useful to a wide range of readers interested in modern problems of accounting, reporting and auditing at the domestic and international levels.
The practice of ensuring fair salaries for employees of medical institutions
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Economic University named after G. Plekhanov”, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev V. A. , Lebedeva E. I. ,   Non-profit Partnership “Institute of Professional Accountants and Auditors of Russia”, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2024

In order to ensure uniform approaches to regulating salaries of employees of public sector organizations, including medical institutions, the Russian Tripartite Commission for the Regulation of Social and Labor Relations has approved recommendations for 2024 on the establishment of remuneration systems for employees of institutions, which should be taken into account in the development of regulatory legal acts and in the law enforcement practice of remuneration of relevant employees. The features of the formation of remuneration systems for employees of healthcare institutions are considered. A comparative analysis of the legal status of heads of state and municipal institutions, their deputies and chief accountants, as well as recommended directions for improving the remuneration of these categories of employees, is carried out.
REFLECTION OF THE EVENTS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS OF GERMANY OF THE XX - XXI CENTURIES
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, ZELENSKAYA YU.N.
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes approaches to teaching the history of the Second World War in German school textbooks published in 1995,2012 and 2021. In the absence of pronounced changes in the educational material, there are tendencies to transform the historical memory of the events of the wartime.