bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surface characterization of nanoscale co-crystals enabled through tip enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Hübner Jakob , Deckert-Gaudig Tanja , Glorian Julien , Deckert Volker , Spitzer Denis
Published: March 2020

AFM-TERS investigations enable surface characterization of single nanoscale co-crystals.
A CD44-targeted Cu(ii) delivery 2D nanoplatform for sensitized disulfiram chemotherapy to triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Gao Zhiguo , Li Yaojia , Zhang Yu , An Peijing , Chen Fanghui , Chen Jian , You Chaoqun , Wang Zhifei , Sun Baiwang
Published: March 2020

2D metal–organic frameworks deliver Cu(ii) in a safe and regulated manner to sensitize disulfiram chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer.
Anti-angiogenic vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles for the treatment of melanoma and their in vivo toxicity study
Authors: Das Sourav , Roy Arpita , Barui Ayan Kumar , Alabbasi Muntadher Mazin Abdulkareem , Kuncha Madhusudana , Sistla Ramakrishna , Sreedhar Bojja , Patra Chitta Ranjan
Published: March 2020

The overall schematic representation of V2O5 NPs depicting their anti-angiogenic and anti-cancer activities with increased survivability in melanoma bearing mice.
Ln3+-doped nanoparticles with enhanced NIR-II luminescence for lighting up blood vessels in mice
Authors: Cao Cong , Wu Na , Yuan Wei , Gu Yuyang , Ke Jiaming , Feng Wei , Li Fuyou
Published: March 2020

The water-soluble PEG-Er,Ce-CSS probe exhibits largely enhanced NIR-II fluorescence for continuous high-resolution fluorescence imaging.
A universal reactor platform for batch and flow: application to homogeneous and heterogeneous hydrogenation
Authors: Guan Fanfu , Kapur Nikil , Sim Louise , Taylor Connor J. , Wen Jialin , Zhang Xumu , Blacker A. John
Published: March 2020

Micro-CSTRs have been developed and used to determine optimal pressure hydrogenation conditions in batch, before being reconfigured for continuous flow.
Construction of heterometallic clusters with multiple uranium–metal bonds by using dianionic nitrogen–phosphorus ligands
Authors: Feng Genfeng , McCabe Karl N. , Wang Shuao , Maron Laurent , Zhu Congqing
Published: March 2020

Compared with the prevalent metal–metal bond in transition metals, examples of the actinide–metal bond in heterometallic clusters are rare.
Retracted Article: Electrospun hybrid nanofibers of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and functionalized graphene oxide as a piezoelectric energy harvester
Authors: Tiwari Shivam , Gaur Anupama , Kumar Chandan , Maiti Pralay
Published: March 2020

A flexible, lightweight and efficient nanohybrid of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and functionalized graphene oxide is prepared through an optimized electrospinning process for energy harvesting.
Realizing the ultimate goal of fully solution-processed organic solar cells: a compatible self-sintering method to achieve silver back electrode
Authors: He Xinjun , Wang Yong , Lu Haifei , Ouyang Dan , Huang Zhanfeng , Choy Wallace C. H.
Published: March 2020

Isolated silver nanoparticles are sintered by a compatible self-sintering strategy to form connected silver back electrode. The highest power conversion efficiency of 9.73% among reported evaporation-free organic solar cells is achieved.
Enzyme-assisted in vivo polymerisation of conjugated oligomer based conductors
Authors: Dufil Gwennaël , Parker Daniela , Gerasimov Jennifer Y. , Nguyen Thuc-Quyen , Berggren Magnus , Stavrinidou Eleni
Published: March 2020

The conjugated oligomer ETE-S is enzymatically polymerized in vitro, in the presence of peroxidase and H2O2. This polymerization route occurs also in the plant cell wall where ETE-S polymerizes and forms conductors along the plant structure.
Redox-responsive amphiphilic camptothecin prodrug nanoparticles for targeted liver tumor therapy
Authors: Lu Lu , Li Bing , Lin Chuanchuan , Li Ke , Liu Genhua , Xia Zengzilu , Luo Zhong , Cai Kaiyong
Published: March 2020

A redox-responsive drug carrier with asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) targeting is fabricated for liver tumor therapy.
Prediction of high carrier mobility for a novel two-dimensional semiconductor of BC6N: first principles calculations
Authors: Shi Li-Bin , Yang Mei , Cao Shuo , You Qi , Zhang Ya-Jing , Qi Meng , Zhang Kai-Cheng , Qian Ping
Published: March 2020

First principles calculations are performed to predict phonon-limited carrier mobility for a novel graphene-like semiconductor with BC6N stoichiometry.
DC breakdown characteristics of XLPE/BNNS nanocomposites considering BN nanosheet concentration, space charge and temperature
Authors: Li Guochang , Zhou Xuguang , Li Xuejing , Wei Yanhui , Hao Chuncheng , Li Shengtao , Lei Qingquan
Published: March 2020

Breakdown failure in insulation material is one of the key problems that threaten the safe operation of high‐voltage direct current cable. In this work, the effect of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) concentration, space charge and temperature on DC breakdown strength have been explored. Cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE)/BNNS nanocomposites were prepared by the melt blending method, and the basic characteristics of nanoparticles and composite were characterised. The experimental results indicate that DC breakdown strength of nanocomposite can be effectively improved when a small amount of BN nanosheet is doped into the matrix. The breakdown strength of the sample reaches the maximum value of 407.52 kV/mm when BNNS content is 0.5 wt%, which is about 33% higher than that of pure XLPE. Further, the effect of space charge on the breakdown of nanocomposites has been studied by pre‐injecting charges. For the samples with different BNNS contents, all the breakdown strength present ascending trend when the polarity of the applied voltage is the same as that of the pre‐injected charges. Besides, it can be found that the breakdown strength of the XLPE/BNNSs composite decreases significantly at 50°C, which is due to more charge accumulation at 50°C. It reaches 2.06 × 10−8 C which increases by about 2.2 times than the room temperature.
Distributed processing method for multi‐GNSS/SINS integration system
Authors: Jiang Changhui , Chen Yuwei , Chen Shuai , Bo Yuming , Feng Ziyi , Zhou Hui
Published: March 2020

Integration of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and strap‐down inertial navigation system (SINS) in pseudo‐range and pseudo‐range rate measurements level has been demonstrated as an effective way to provide more reliable navigation solutions. Under this condition, the dimension of measurements matrix of the integration filter increases dramatically along with more GNSSs included in the integration, traditional centralized integration filter processing method cannot address the computational load well. In this study, a distributed integration filter processing method is proposed for the integration of multiple GNSSs and SINS using the pseudo‐range and pseudo‐range rates as the measurements. Measurement difference inner a same satellite constellation is conducted to remove the clock related variables, which reduces the dimension of the state vector. Secondly, a federated Kalman filter is employed to obtain global optimal estimation of the state variables, which reduces the measurement vector dimension. Mathematical model of the distributed processing model with the simplified integration filter scheme is given in detail. Through the simulation based on a dynamic trajectory, the performance of the proposed method is investigated and compared with the centralized integration processing method. Results show that new method has analogous position and velocity accuracy with better computation efficiency.
Enhancement method of magnetic flux leakage signals for rail track surface defect detection
Authors: Jia Yinliang , Liang Kangwu , Wang Ping , Ji Kailun , Xu Peng
Published: March 2020

Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) detection is widely used for non‐destructive testing of rails, pipelines and storage tanks. The leakage magnetic field (LMF) of a defect, especially a small defect, is usually weak. To find small defects on the rail surface, here a ferrite is added in an LMF sensor to reduce the reluctance to increase the magnetic intensity above the defects. The effects of the cross‐sectional shape and size of a ferrite are studied by simulation and experiments, and the suitable dimensions for signal enhancement are found. To suppress the interference caused by the variation of the lift‐off distance, two Hall sensors are introduced and a differential circuit is designed for signal post‐processing. From the finite element simulation and experiments, it is shown that the MFL signals with a ferrite are significantly increased.
From clump to disc scales in W3 IRS4
Authors: Mottram J. C. , Beuther H. , Ahmadi A. , Klaassen P. D. , Beltrán M. T. , Csengeri T. , Feng S. , Gieser C. , Henning Th. , Johnston K. G. , Kuiper R. , Leurini S. , Linz H. , Longmore S. N. , Lumsden S. , Maud L. T. , Moscadelli L. , Palau A. , Peters T. , Pudritz R. E. , Ragan S. E. , Sánchez-Monge Á. , Semenov D. , Urquhart J. S. , Winters J. M. , Zinnecker H.
Published: March 2020

Context.High-mass star formation typically takes place in a crowded environment, with a higher likelihood of young forming stars affecting and being affected by their surroundings and neighbours, as well as links between different physical scales affecting the outcome. However, observational studies are often focused on either clump or disc scales exclusively.

Aims.We explore the physical and chemical links between clump and disc scales in the high-mass star formation region W3 IRS4, a region that contains a number of different evolutionary phases in the high-mass star formation process, as a case-study for what can be achieved as part of the IRAM NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) large programme named CORE: “Fragmentation and disc formation in high-mass star formation”.

Methods.We present 1.4 mm continuum and molecular line observations with the IRAM NOEMA interferometer and 30 m telescope, which together probe spatial scales from ~0.3−20′′ (600−40 000 AU or 0.003−0.2 pc at 2 kpc, the distance to W3). As part of our analysis, we usedXCLASSto constrain the temperature, column density, velocity, and line-width of the molecular emission lines.

Results.The W3 IRS4 region includes a cold filament and cold cores, a massive young stellar object (MYSO) embedded in a hot core, and a more evolved ultra-compact (UC)H IIregion, with some degree of interaction between all components of the region that affects their evolution. A large velocity gradient is seen in the filament, suggesting infall of material towards the hot core at a rate of 10−3−10−4M⊙yr−1, while the swept up gas ring in the photodissociation region around the UCH IIregion may be squeezing the hot core from the other side. There are no clear indications of a disc around the MYSO down to the resolution of the observations (600 AU). A total of 21 molecules are detected, with the abundances and abundance ratios indicating that many molecules were formed in the ice mantles of dust grains at cooler temperatures, below the freeze-out temperature of CO (≲35 K). This contrasts with the current bulk temperature of ~50 K, which was obtained from H2CO.

Conclusions.CORE observations allow us to comprehensively link the different structures in the W3 IRS4 region for the first time. Our results argue that the dynamics and environment around the MYSO W3 IRS4 have a significant impact on its evolution. This context would be missing if only high resolution or continuum observations were available.
Update on Cryptosporidium spp.: highlights from the Seventh International Giardia and Cryptosporidium Conference
Authors: Widmer Giovanni , Carmena David , Kváč Martin , Chalmers Rachel M. , Kissinger Jessica C. , Xiao Lihua , Sateriale Adam , Striepen Boris , Laurent Fabrice , Lacroix-Lamandé Sonia , Gargala Gilles , Favennec Loïc
Published: March 2020

While cryptosporidiosis is recognized as being among the most common causes of human parasitic diarrhea in the world, there is currently limited knowledge on Cryptosporidium infection mechanisms, incomplete codification of diagnostic methods, and a need for additional therapeutic options. In response, the Seventh International Giardia and Cryptosporidium Conference (IGCC 2019) was hosted from 23 to 26 June 2019, at the Rouen Normandy University, France. This trusted event brought together an international delegation of researchers to synthesize recent advances and identify key research questions and knowledge gaps. The program of the interdisciplinary conference included all aspects of host-parasite relationships from basic research to applications to human and veterinary medicine, and environmental issues associated with waterborne parasites and their epidemiological consequences. In relation to Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis, the primary research areas for which novel findings and the most impressive communications were presented and discussed included: Cryptosporidium in environmental waters, seafood, and fresh produce; Animal epidemiology; Human cryptosporidiosis and epidemiology; Genomes and genomic evolution encompassing: Comparative genomics of Cryptosporidium spp., Genomic insights into biology, Acquiring and utilizing genome sequences, Genetic manipulation; Host-parasite interaction (immunology, microbiome); and Diagnosis and treatment. High quality presentations discussed at the conference reflected decisive progress and identified new opportunities that will engage investigators and funding agencies to spur future research in a “one health” approach to improve basic knowledge and the clinical and public health management of zoonotic cryptosporidiosis.
Determining the Drug-Like Properties of Ailanthone, a Novel Chinese Medicine Monomer with Anti-CRPC Activity
Authors: Hu Pan , Guo Dandan , Xie Jiayi , Chen Huang , Hu Shixiu , Bian Aiwu , Xu Shifen , Yi Zhengfang , Peng Shihong , Liu Mingyao
Published: March 2020

Approximately 40% of compounds with therapeutic potential cannot be successfully developed into drugs owing to their poor pharmaceutical properties, emphasising the need to profile their drug-like properties as early as possible during preclinical development. This study aimed to evaluate the drug-like properties of ailanthone, a novel Chinese medicine monomer that was shown to have activity against castration-resistant prostate cancer tumour growth and metastasis in our previous study. The drug-like properties detected in the present study included effects on permeability, liver microsome stability, plasma protein binding rate, plasma stability, and human ether-à-go-go-related gene inhibition. Additionally, the following results were obtained: the efflux ratio of ailanthone was > 32 during permeability detection; the half-life and intrinsic clearance (Clint) in mouse, rat, and human liver microsomes were > 145 min and < 9.6 µL/min/mg protein, respectively. The Clint(liver) of ailanthone was < 38.0, < 17.3, and < 8.6 mL/min/kg body weight in mice, rats, and humans, respectively. The plasma protein binding percentage of ailanthone was 16.6 ± 4.2% in human plasma, with 62.5% remaining at 120 min after incubation. The IC50 value of ailanthone for the human ether-à-go-go-related gene channels was > 30 µM. Collectively, these results and those from our previous study indicate that the pharmacokinetic properties of ailanthone are suitable for the potential development of this compound as an oral or intravenous drug for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
O-Alkyl S-(Pyridin-2-yl)carbonothiolates: Operationally Simple and Highly Nitrogen-Selective Reagents for Alkoxy Carbonylation of Amino Groups
Authors: Tamura Osamu , Suzuki Tomoyuki , Tanaka Kosaku , Hashimoto Yoshimitsu , Morita Nobuyoshi
Published: March 2020

Amino groups are selectively protected in good yields by reaction with O-alkyl S-(pyridin-2-yl)carbonothiolates in an appropriate solvent at room temperature in air. Even glucosamine, which contains multiple hydroxyl groups, is selectively N-protected in methanol.
The Potential of Natural Propolis Extract Combined with Bovine Bone Graft in Increasing Heat Shock Protein 70 and Osteocalcin on Socket Preservation
Authors: Kresnoadi Utari , Rahayu Retno Pudji , Ariani Maretaningtias Dwi , Soesanto Soesanto
Published: March 2020

Objective This study aims to combine natural propolis with bovine bone graft (BBG) as a means of extraction socket preservation after 3 and 7 days toward expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and osteocalcin to regenerate bone.

Materials and Methods The Cavia cobaya were divided into eight groups, each consisting of seven samples. Their lower left incisors were extracted and induced with PEG, propolis extract, BBG, and a combination of propolis extract BBG. The research subjects were terminated on days 3 and 7 postextraction. Immunohistochemical and histopathological examinations were subsequently performed to observe HSP 70 expression, osteocalcin expression, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.

Statistical Analysis Data obtained were then analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) tests.

Results Both the groups with the combination of propolis extract and BBG on days 3 and 7 were found to present the highest number of HSP70 expression, osteocalcin expression, and osteoblast cells as well as the lowest number of osteoclasts.

Conclusion Both the groups with the combination of propolis extract and BBG on days 3 and 7 were found to present the highest number of HSP70 expression, osteocalcin expression, and osteoblast cells as well as the lowest number of osteoclasts.
A Comparison of 3D Facial Features in a Population from Zimbabwe and United States
Authors: Bhaskar Elvin , Kau Chung H.
Published: March 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in three-dimensional (3D) facial features in a population from Zimbabwe and the United States. In addition, this study seeks to establish an average facial template of each population allowing clinicians to treat patients according to their cultural esthetic perceptions.

Materials and Methods Three hundred one subjects from Zimbabwe and the United States were carefully selected and recruited for the study. Each subject presented with a normal facial profile, no asymmetries, and normal body mass index. The 3D images were captured using the 3dMD cameras. All images were further separated into male and female groups of the respective populations and imported to a dedicated software for analysis.

Statistical Analysis The 3D facial images were constructed using Rapidform 6 software to recreate a composite facial average for each group representing a male and female average 3D face of Zimbabwean (Zim) and United States origin.

Results The linear measurements showed that the maximum average distance between the Zim-M and Zim-F was 1.24 mm and the minimum distance between the African American (AA)-M and AA-F was 0.24 mm. This was the absolute distance. When the signed linear measurements were taken into consideration, the maximum average distance between Zim-F and AA-M was 1.22 mm and the least average distance between the Zim-M and AA-M was 0.22 mm. The absolute color histograms showed greatest similarity between the Zim-M and AA-M at 58% and the Zim-F had a 25 and 27% similarity with the AA-F and Zim-M, respectively.

Conclusion The Zim-F showed the most variable features with a broader face, prominent forehead, and retruded alar base compared with their male counterparts and the Zim-M showed a wider prominent malar/zygomatic region, and prominent lateral supraorbital regions. There was a high similarity of 58% between the Zim-M and the AA-M, with the Zim-M showing a more protrusive superciliary arches, and a lateral zygomatic region tapering to the root of the nose.
Growth from Birth to 30 months for Infants Born with Congenital Gastrointestinal Anomalies and Disorders
Authors: Strobel Katie M. , Purdy Isabell , Romero Tahmineh , Calkins Kara L.
Published: March 2020

Objective This study aimed to investigate growth among neonates with gastrointestinal disorders.

Study Design Inclusion criteria included neonates with gastroschisis, omphalocele, intestinal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula, Hirschsprung's disease, malabsorption disorders, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and imperforate anus born between 2010 and 2018. Anthropometrics were collected for the first 30 months, and a subgroup analysis was performed for gastroschisis infants.

Results In 61 subjects, 13% developed severe growth failure within the first month. One-, four-, and nine-month weight and length z-scores were less than birth weight in all infants (p < 0.05). In infants with gastroschisis, a similar pattern was observed for weight z-scores only (p < 0.05). From birth to 15 months, head circumference z-score increased over time in all infants (p = 0.001), while in gastroschisis infants, weight, length, and head circumference z-scores increased over time (p < 0.05).

Conclusion In a cohort of infants with gastrointestinal disorders, growth failure was followed by catch-up growth.
Capillary rise in superhydrophilic rough channels
Authors: Kim Jungchul , Moon Myoung-Woon , Kim Ho-Young
Published: March 2020

Surface tension forces enable a liquid to rise against gravity when wettable tubes or porous media are in contact with the pool of liquid. While the rise dynamics in the media of homogeneous porosity are well known, those in heterogeneous porous media still remain poorly understood. Here, we employ a vertical channel formed by two parallel plates decorated with micropillars, as a simple model of bidisperse porous media, and observe the rise dynamics of various viscous liquids. We find the bulk rise speed to be higher than that in dry smooth channels but equal to that between prewetted smooth channels. As the bulk approaches its equilibrium height, a film emerges ahead of the bulk meniscus, which is driven by the high surface energy of the microdecorated surface. The film extension grows initially like t but later like t1/2, with t being time. We construct theoretical models to predict the critical height where the film emerges and to rationalize the power laws of the film extension. In particular, we show that the dominant viscous resistance to the film extension is provided by the flow from the reservoir through the bulk in the early stages and by the film itself in the late stages. Our study opens a pathway to scrutinize the complicated flow dynamics arising within and across voids of heterogeneous porous media with an easily observable experimental setup of a well-defined geometry.
Numerical investigation on formation and motion of bubble or droplet in quiescent flow
Authors: Zhang Tongwei , Wu Jie , Lin Xingjian
Published: March 2020

This paper describes the dynamic mechanisms of bubbles and droplets moving in quiescent flows. An improved diffuse interface method is adopted to capture the interfacial evolution of a two-phase flow, which can effectively suppress the phenomenon of interface dispersion. Preliminary simulations of a circular bubble/droplet moving from rest are first performed, and then, the interface shapes and vorticity distributions are compared to study the differences in the deformation mechanisms of bubbles and droplets. The processes of bubbles and droplets formed from a submerged orifice are, then, explored. The bubble formation process can be divided into nucleation, expansion, and detachment stages; for droplets, the characteristics of chaotic drip flow are considered. The interface shape and vorticity distribution of bubbles/droplets are analyzed, and the effects of the Weber number and Bond number on the detached bubble size and droplet flow regime are investigated. The effect of the contact angle on bubble formation is also examined. To reduce the detached bubble size, an improved method using an inserted orifice is proposed and confirmed. The inserted orifice is shown to have almost no effect on the formation of droplets, and the bubble/droplet formation and motion are independent of the inserted orifice length.
Generation of plasmonic hot carriers from d-bands in metallic nanoparticles
Authors: Román Castellanos Lara , Kahk Juhan Matthias , Hess Ortwin , Lischner Johannes
Published: March 2020

We present an approach to master the well-known challenge of calculating the contribution of d-bands to plasmon-induced hot carrier rates in metallic nanoparticles. We generalize the widely used spherical well model for the nanoparticle wavefunctions to flat d-bands using the envelope function technique. Using Fermi’s golden rule, we calculate the generation rates of hot carriers after the decay of the plasmon due to transitions either from a d-band state to an sp-band state or from an sp-band state to another sp-band state. We apply this formalism to spherical silver nanoparticles with radii up to 20 nm and also study the dependence of hot carrier rates on the energy of the d-bands. We find that for nanoparticles with a radius less than 2.5 nm, sp-band state to sp-band state transitions dominate hot carrier production, while d-band state to sp-band state transitions give the largest contribution for larger nanoparticles.
Rabi spectroscopy of the clock transition in thulium atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice
Authors: Fedorova E.S. , Tregubov D.O. , Golovizin A.A. , Mishin D.A. , Provorchenko D.I. , Khabarova K.Yu. , Sorokin V.N. , Kolachevsky N.N.
Published: March 2020

The clock transition at a wavelength of 1.14 μm in thulium atoms in an optical lattice in the Lamb – Dick regime is studied. The capture of thulium atoms makes it possible to suppress completely both the transition broadening due to the first-order Doppler effect and the shift of the transition frequency caused by the recoil effect. The excitation spectra of sideband oscillation frequencies and Rabi oscillations of population between the clock transition levels upon resonance excitation are investigated.
Inhomogeneous broadening and splitting of lines in spectra of YAG : Tm
Authors: Popova M.N. , Chukalina E.P. , Klimin S.A. , Chou M.-Ch.
Published: March 2020

The shape and fine structure of lines due to Tm3+
f −f electronic transitions in multifunctional Y3Al5O12 garnet crystals have been studied by high-resolution spectroscopy. The observed inhomogeneously broadened lines have a Lorentzian shape, suggesting that point defects make a predominant contribution to the inhomogeneous broadening. Moreover, YAl antisite defects, which are formed during high-temperature melt growth, produce spectral satellites near the main lines.
Laser field control of subradiant states of a system of several atoms in a configuration close to a regular polygon
Authors: Makarov A.A. , Yudson V.I.
Published: March 2020

Some collective excitations of an ensemble of closely spaced (two-level) atoms can be characterised by extremely low rates of radiation decay, which is of considerable interest for storing quantum information. Such (dark) states are realised, for example, in planar geometry when atoms are located at the nodes of a regular polygon. However, the decay rate of such excitations increases markedly when the geometry deviates from ideal. Using the example of small deformation of a square in a rhombus, we show that an increase in the decay rate of the dark state due to symmetry breaking can be compensated for by adjusting the transition frequency of some atoms exposed to external laser radiation.
The role of co-text in the analysis of potentially deliberate metaphor
Authors: Reijnierse W. Gudrun , Burgers Christian , Krennmayr Tina , Steen Gerard J.
Published: March 2020

Taking Deliberate Metaphor Theory (Steen,
2015) as a starting point, this chapter investigates the way in which
co-text influences the identification and analysis of potentially deliberate
metaphor in discourse. While co-text plays a role in the identification and
analysis of the linguistic and conceptual dimensions of metaphor, its role in the
identification and analysis of metaphor as metaphor at the
communicative dimension is more complex. In a series of analyses, we first examine
metaphors in relative isolation (at utterance level), and subsequently take
additional textual information into consideration. We demonstrate how co-text can
play an indispensable role in the identification and further analysis of
potentially deliberate metaphor, thereby providing important new insights into the
complexity of deliberate-metaphor analysis.
Deliberate use of metaphor and metonymy as mnemonic devices for identification
in a non-linguistic modality
Authors: van der Moezel Kyra
Published: March 2020

The paper concerns a non-linguistic marking system from ancient Egypt in which
metaphor was used as a means of communication to specifically refer to identity.
The degree to which metaphor was deliberately used, however, differed, depending
on the history of the marks in the system (a diachronic dimension) and individual
usages by members of the system with various degrees of contextual knowledge (an
individual dimension). The use of metaphor is considered in the light of CMT and
DMT.
To those walking in the footsteps of the faith
Authors: Egg Markus
Published: March 2020

This paper investigates deliberate metaphors in the Pauline epistles in the
framework of Deliberate Metaphor Theory (DMT), which targets metaphors that
require conscious processing (Steen,
2009), but also with reference to other threads of metaphor research
that pay attention to phenomena of deliberateness. Focus is on metaphors that
exhibit deliberateness through their content. For these metaphors, deliberateness
emerges through alienation, which highlights the differences between the two
domains that are brought together in the metaphor. Three techniques of alienation
are identified, using an ill-fitting literal (or source) domain for the metaphor,
using contradicting source domains for the same metaphor, and using an internally
flawed source domain. Many of these metaphors are motivated in that they convey a
clear message that emerges through the alienation.
The pragmatics of ritual
Authors: Kádár Dániel Z. , House Juliane
Published: March 2020

This introductory position paper aims to familiarise the reader with the pragmatics of ritual and previous research in this
field. Ritual is a complex pragmatic phenomenon present in many types of interaction, and it has been subject to academic
inquiries in various disciplines. We will draw on previous research to provide a working definition of ritual, which will help us
to introduce the present collection of papers. We will then introduce the different, but interrelated, methodologies used in
ritual research, categorising these complementary methodologies as ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ respectively. We use this
categorisation to overview the contributions of the special issue from a methodological perspective. Finally, a summary of the
contents of the special issue completes this introduction.
Energy Variance in Decoherence*
Authors: Yuan Zi-Gang , Zhang Xin-Yu , Zhao He , Li Yan-Chao
Published: March 2020

We study the effect of the initial-state energy variance to the short-time behavior of the Loschmidt echo (LE) in a purely dephasing model. We find that the short-time LE behaves as a Gaussian function with the width determined by the initial-state energy variance of the interaction Hamiltonian, while it is a quartic decaying function with the width determined by the initial-state energy variance of the commutator between the interaction Hamiltonian and the environmental Hamiltonian when the initial state is an eigenstate of the interaction Hamiltonian. Furthermore, the Gaussian envelope in the temporal evolution of LE in strong coupling regime is determined by the inband variance. We will also verify the above conclusion in the XY spin model (as environment).
Improvement of Thermoelectric Performance in BiCuSeO Oxide by Ho Doping and Band Modulation*
Authors: Feng Bo , Li Guang-Qiang , Hu Xiao-Ming , Liu Pei-Hai , Li Ru-Song , Zhang Yang-Lin , Li Ya-Wei , He Zhu , Fan Xi-An
Published: March 2020

We try to use Ho doping combined with band modulation to adjust the thermoelectric properties for BiCuSeO. The results show that Ho doping can increase the carrier concentration and increase the electrical conductivity in the whole temperature range. Although Seebeck coefficient decreases due to the increase of carrier concentration, it still keeps relatively high values, especially in the middle and high temperature range. On this basis, the band-modulation sample can maintain relatively higher carrier concentration while maintaining relatively higher mobility, and further improve the electrical transporting performance. In addition, due to the introduction of a large number of interfaces in the band-modulation samples, the phonon scattering is enhanced effectively and the lattice thermal conductivity is reduced. Finally, the maximal power factor (PF) of 5.18 μW⋅cm−1K−2 and the dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merits (ZT) of 0.81 are obtained from the 10% Ho modulation doped sample at 873 K.
Combined effect of non-linear optical and collisional processes on absorption saturation in a dense rubidium vapour
Authors: van Lange A J , van der Straten P , van Oosten D
Published: March 2020

We study non-linear absorption of intense monochromatic light through a dense natural rubidium (Rb) vapour. We measure transmission through a 10 cm long heated vapour cell for atom densities up to 3 × 1019 m−3 and saturation parameters up to 104, for linear and circular polarisation, close to resonance on the 87Rb D2
F = 1 → F′ = 0, 1, 2 transition. The strong absorption at low intensity is frustrated by an interplay of optical non-linearities (saturation and optical pumping) and non-linear effects due to the high atom density (collisional broadening and collisional depumping). To understand the results of the transmission measurements, we developed a model that incorporates these non-linear effects into the optical absorption. The model takes into account the absolute line strengths of all transitions from both hyperfine levels of the ground state of both isotopes of naturally abundant Rb. Doppler and collisional broadening are included in the Voigt profiles for the resonances. We show the effect of each of the non-linear processes on the calculation results of the model, and from comparison with experiment we conclude that all non-linear effects are necessary for a quantitative agreement.
Single-layer elastic metasurface with double negativity for anomalous refraction
Authors: Lee Sung Won , Oh Joo Hwan
Published: March 2020

Elastic metasurfaces are artificial thin layers composed of sub-wavelength structures designed to manipulate wave propagation such as anomalous refraction/reflection. Despite recent active researches, achieving a really thin metasurface has been a challenge, since it has been almost impossible to design a single unit to satisfy both the 2π phase span and the full transmission. In this paper, we revealed the way to achieve both conditions by a single unit so that a really thin elastic metasurface is possible. Here, we found that the single unit should have not only positive, but negative effective parameters to achieve both the 2π phase span and the full transmission. To realize such a single unit, we design resonance-based metasurface units consisting of two types of resonators: vertical and horizontal resonators, which individually modulate effective stiffness and mass, respectively. By adjusting each resonator, any desired effective parameters from negative to positive values can be tuned, achieving both the 2π phase span and the full transmission. Numerical validations are carried out for the proposed metasurface unit. Finally, various single-unit elastic metasurfaces are designed with the proposed metasurface unit for anomalous refraction. Since extremely thin elastic metasurface consisting of a single unit is possible, we expect our research to be able to open a new field in wave tailoring applications.
A full-range formulation for dynamic loss of high-temperature superconductor coated conductors
Authors: Zhang Hongye , Chen Hongyi , Jiang Zhenan , Yang Tianhui , Xin Ying , Mueller Markus , Li Quan
Published: March 2020

Dynamic loss is significant for evaluating the performance of type-II high-temperature superconductor (HTS) coated conductors (CC), especially when used in electric machines. Although analytical expressions of dynamic loss have been proposed and verified for HTS CCs exposed to low external magnetic fields with a low current load rate, the non-linearity of dynamic loss at high current load ratios and simultaneous high magnetic fields is still unclear and cannot be predicted by the existing analytical equations. This paper proposes a completely new formulation to characterize the non-linearity of dynamic loss taking into account the J
c(B) dependence of CCs, which can be used for full ranges of both magnetic fields and current load ratios. The proposed analytical formulas have been verified by a
T
-formulation based numerical model and experiments. This paper comprehensively demonstrates the variation of dynamic loss and provides a meaningful reference of loss controlling for HTS CCs, which is vital for HTS machine windings to avoid quench.
Unconventional superconductivity in CuxBi2Se3 from magnetic susceptibility and electrical transport
Authors: Fang Yifei , You Wen-Long , Li Mingtao
Published: March 2020

Although the Cu doped Bi2Se3 topological insulator was discovered and intensively studied for almost a decade, its electrical and magnetic properties in normal state, and the mechanism of ‘high-T
c’ superconductivity regarding the relatively low-carrier density are still not addressed yet. In this work, we report a systematic investigation of magnetic susceptibility, critical fields, and electrical transport on the nominal Cu0.20Bi2Se3 single crystals with

T

c

o
n
s
e
t

= 4.18 K, the highest so far. The composition analysis yields the Cu stoichiometry of x = 0.09(1). The magnetic susceptibility shows considerable anisotropy and an obvious kink at around 96 K was observed in the magnetic susceptibility for H∥c, which indicates a charge density anomaly. The electrical transport measurements indicate the two-dimensional (2D) Fermi liquid behavior at low temperatures with a high Kadowaki–Woods ratio, A/γ
2 = 30.3a
0. The lower critical field at 0 K limit was extracted to be 6.0 Oe for H∥ab. In the clean limit, the ratio of energy gap to T
c was determined to be Δ0/k
B
T
c = 2.029 ± 0.124 exceeding the standard BCS value 1.764, suggesting Cu0.09Bi2Se3 is a strong-coupling superconductor. The in-plane penetration depth at 0 K was calculated to be 1541.57 nm, resulting in an unprecedented high ratio of T
c/λ
−2(0) ≅ 9.86. Moreover, the ratio of T
c to Fermi temperature is estimated to be

T

c

/

T

F

2
D

= 0.034. Both ratios fall into the region of unconventional superconductivity according to Uemura’s regime, supporting the unconventional superconducting mechanism in Cu
x
Bi2Se3. Finally, the enhanced T
c value higher than 4 K is proposed to arise from the increased density of states at Fermi energy and strong electron–phonon interaction induced by the charge density instability.
Large-N behavior of three-dimensional lattice CPN−1 models
Authors: Pelissetto Andrea , Vicari Ettore
Published: March 2020

We consider a three-dimensional lattice CP
N−1 model, which corresponds to the lattice Abelian–Higgs model in the infinite gauge-coupling limit. We investigate its phase diagram and critical behavior in the large-N limit. We obtain numerical evidence that the model undergoes a first-order transition for sufficiently large values of N, i.e. for any N  >  2 up to N  =  100. The transition becomes stronger—both the latent heat and the surface tension increase—as N increases. Moreover, on the high-temperature side, gauge fields decorrelate on distances of the order of one lattice spacing for all values of N considered. Our results are consistent with a simple scenario, in which the transition is of first order for any N, including . We critically discuss the analytic large-N calculations that predicted a large-N continuous transition, showing that one crucial assumption made in these computations fails for the model we consider.
Temperature effect on the biodiesel quality from waste cooking oil by induction heating
Authors: Rusdianasari  , Bow Y , Moulita R A N
Published: March 2020

Increased energy consumption in Indonesia encourages energy conservation in the field of renewable energy. One form of energy that has been increasingly developed is the use of biodiesel as vehicle fuel. The process of biodiesel production can be done by various methods, such as the use of induction technology as a heat supply media in the transesterification reaction. This induction technology uses a non-contact process that utilizes magnetic field radiation in the metal so that it will generate heat from inside the metal material. The raw material used in this research is waste cooking oil by varying the reaction temperature used. Based on research that has been done, obtained high yield results at the use of a temperature of 60 degree C for the use of used cooking oil is 86.95 percent and the biodiesel products obtained are by the applicable quality standards in Indonesia.
Comparative study on the chemical and microbiological properties of goat milk pasteurization through serial and circulation systems of ultraviolet method
Authors: Hariono B , Wijaya R , Bakri A
Published: March 2020

The aim of research was to evaluate goat milk pasteurization with exposure of ultraviolet rays serial and circulation systems. The chemical properties parameters measured covering fat content, non-fat dry material content, protein content, and lactose content as well as microbiology testing of Total Plate Count method. Discharge of milk flow was obtained 4.32 ± 0.71 cc/sec. Time needed to fully fill the UV reactor with 230 ml volume was 53.24 second. In serial system showed that chemical properties were not significantly different with 0.5 percent significance level. In the circulation system, with flow rate speed 10 cc/sec with the dosage of 1.56 J/ square cm shows that the treatment 2, 4 and 6 of circulation in the treatment of protein content gave different effect from the control. Other treatments were not different from the control. The treatment with three reactors that arranged in serial was the best treatment with inactivation of microorganism and the dosages of the reactor 1, 2 and, 3 of 0.11; 0.25; 0.51 log cycle and 1.81 J/square cm; 3.62 J/ square cm; 5.43 J/ square cm respectively. D value was 313.49 sec with speed rate and treatment time of 4.32±0.71 cc/sec and 159.72 sec respectively.
Effect of pore water pressure on soil crack against safety factor of slope stability
Authors: Arya I W , Wiraga I W , S Dwipa I G A G , Pramana I M W
Published: March 2020

The method used in this study is to simulate slopes that occur crack and get the influence of water saturation. The simulation is made with a computer application program, which is a program for calculating slope stability. The results of the analysis in this study found that the occurrence of cracks on the slope surface, the slope safety number will decrease when the crack is entered by water. Water entering the soil crack will cause pore water pressure which will then provide additional impetus to the slope landslide field. The greater the pore water pressure, the greater the decrease in security numbers. Besides that, the crack position from the edge of the slope has an effect on decreasing slope safety factor. A far the position of the crack from the edge of the slope increases the safety factor. The biggest decrease occurred in the position of 3 m crack from the edge of the slope. Crack positions greater than 3 m are the same. This happens because the slope failure field occurs at about 3 m from the edge of the slope.
Standardization of sub-structure design of subsidized housing in South Kalimantan
Authors: Irawan J , Marzuki A , Fathurrozie  , Yudiawati Y
Published: March 2020

The subsidized housing construction program is spread over two locations with two types of soil layers in South Kalimantan. Because of the difference in the composition and characteristics of the subsoil, the housing construction requires the standardization of design of sub/lower structure of the buildings namely for the deep foundations and shallow foundations which are used as typical subsidized housing foundations in South Kalimantan. This is necessary to ensure that the mass development of the subsidized housing construction meets the safety, time and cost requirements. The standardization of the structure of the lower building using a type of friction support with 4 m long galam wood piles for corner types and 4 section require 4 and 6 galam wood bars. The standardization of the structure of the lower structure on hard soil using a mountain stone foundation with a foundation width of 0.7 m and a foundation height of 0.7 m requires a foundation area of 1.40 - 3.50 square meter.
Design of tools for treatment lightweight mortars in supporting construction materials in Banyuwangi
Authors: Amin M S , Rifqi M G , Prayogo G S , Kuswoyo H
Published: March 2020

The development of the construction industry in Banyuwangi has very rapid. This can be seen from the high-rise building construction projects such as hotels and others. Banyuwangi has located in a coastal area, this gives a signal that consideration of lateral loads that may occur is necessary. One of them is earthquake load which has a higher concept and building weight, so the greater the earthquake load received. So, we need the use of lightweight structural elements such as the use of lightweight aggregates. This requires innovation, which in this case was used fly ash in making lightweight mortars that were applied to non-structural elements such as lightweight bricks. Proportion that has been done in previous studies. In this follow-up research focused on the design of tools used to treat mortars in order to have good quality. Results of this study found the design of the steam curing device and the results of the mortar test. The mortar test results with tools could be have compression test a maximum of 7.47 MPa, with treatment on 70 degree C for six hours. These results have a better value when compared to the value of mortar on lightweight bricks on the market.
Water management study in Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar and Tabanan (SARBAGITA) area
Authors: Parwita I G L , Mudhina M , Yasada G , Rachsiriwatcharabul N
Published: March 2020

The areas of Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar and Tabanan in Bali are areas with the densest population concentrations in Bali. This area is also the main tourism area in southern Bali. Data from Bali Penida River Council in 2015 shows that the water potential in Sarbagita region is 2, 182 cubic meters per year. The need of water in 2034 is estimated at 21, 247 liter per second. Solving the lack of water can be done by increasing the amount of raw water using water in the estuary section. Some potential rivers can be utilized, such as the Oos River, Unda River, Pakerisan River. The research method is carried out by analyzing the water requirements and the availability of water available. The results of the research show that it is necessary to utilize surface water downstream which has not been maximally utilized.