bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Produção de conhecimento sobre as doenças rastreadas pela triagem neonatal no Brasil de 2008 a 2018
Authors: Baggio Fábio Lima , Ansbach Nicole , Kapusta Bruna Braga , Luz Geisa dos Santos
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar a produção de conhecimento acerca da prevalência das doenças detectadas pela triagem neonatal no Brasil, entre 2008 a 2018. Métodos: Revisão integrativa na qual a coleta de dados foi realizada nas bases de dados e portais Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Os dados foram analisados por meio de tabelas e discutidos com a literatura atual e pertinente ao tema. Resultados: No período avaliado, foram encontrados 17 estudos. A maior produção de conhecimento acerca da prevalência das doenças triadas foi de hemoglobinopatias (doze estudos, incluindo os que tratam apenas de anemia falciforme), seguida por fenilcetonúria (oito estudos) e hipotireoidismo congênito (sete estudos). A menor produção foi sobre deficiência de biotinidase (um estudo). Considerações finais: É evidente que as pesquisas sobre a prevalência das doenças rastreadas pela Triagem Neonatal no Brasil precisam ser ampliadas, pois existe uma discrepância de produção científica ao longo do território nacional. Desse modo, será possível delinear melhores políticas públicas para atender a população-alvo.
Traumatismos dentários: da etiologia ao prognóstico, tudo que o dentista precisa saber
Authors: Barros Íris Régia Ventura , Pereira Karollyne Rodrigues , Santos Ana Luiza Cabral Mendes , Véras Júlia Gabriela Teixeira de Carvalho , Padilha Ellen Marcella Freire , Pereira Karollyne Rodrigues , Lessa Samara Verçosa , Lins Fernanda Freitas
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Discutir todos os tipos de traumatismos dentários, descrevendo seus diagnósticos e planos de tratamento. Revisão bibliográfica: O traumatismo dental é uma emergência odontológica cujo tratamento frequentemente é multidisciplinar, sendo um problema de saúde pública pela alta prevalência. Pode acontecer em qualquer faixa etária, mais prevalente em crianças do gênero masculino. Por existir mais de um tipo de lesão, é primordial uma completa anamnese com auxílio de exames complementares, para obter um diagnóstico adequado, e com isso, realizar o correto tratamento a fim de obter prognósticos de forma satisfatória. Pode ser classificado de diversas formas diante de suas características clínicas, podendo variar desde trincas de esmalte a luxações. É importante o tratamento correto para cada caso e estes vão desde restaurações com resinas compostas, contenções, tratamento endodôntico e até mesmo o reimplante dental, devendo sempre avaliar possíveis sequelas em relação a cada caso individualmente. Considerações finais: Lesões dentárias traumáticas representam um desafio mundial, sendo fundamental a qualidade do tratamento de urgência, os cuidados domiciliares do paciente e o acompanhamento adequado, assegurando prognósticos favoráveis, limitando o surgimento de alterações pulpares e perirradiculares que, se diagnosticados e tratadas a tempo, poderão evitar a perda do elemento dental.
Role of speech language pathologist in the speech and swallowing assessment and management of laryngectomee - presented with a case report
Authors: Divya Perumal Santhanam , Sreya R. Sai
Published: April 2020

The primary goal of a speech-language pathologist in a laryngectomee is to restore the clients’ functional speech ability, facilitate comfortable swallowing, and, thus, improve the quality of life. The client, a 65-year-old female, came to the department of speech-language pathology for evaluation. She was diagnosed with carcinoma in the glottic and supraglottic region and had undergone. Total laryngectomy with hemithyroidectomy with primary tracheoesophageal puncture and voice prosthesis inserted. The client had lost her voice completely and had swallowing difficulty and presented with the complaint of food getting stuck in the throat and increased duration of swallowing.
Effect of posture correction and moderate-intensity exercises on respiratory system in teenagers
Authors: Shah Sakshi , Patil Poonam H.
Published: April 2020

Objective:

Teenage is the time of shaping health behavior and preventing postural defects and improving respiratory fitness. The teenagers possess insufficient knowledge of their respiratory system. Postural defects are commonly seen among teenagers due to lack of physical activity and poor postural habits which can lead to non-harmonious development of organs and affect respiratory system as well. For efficient respiratory function, moderate-intensity exercises with posture correction would be useful. There is a paucity of literature showing the effect of posture correction and moderate-intensity exercises on respiratory system in teenagers, hence, this study would be helpful to analyze the same. The objectives of the study were to find out the effect of posture correction exercise on respiratory system in teenagers and to find out the effect of moderate-intensity exercises on respiratory system in teenagers.

Materials and Methods:

The study was carried out in Karad area. The subjects were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 35 subjects were participated in this study. Prior consent and assent form was taken. The aim and procedure were explained to the subjects in their preferred language before data collection. Pre- and post-assessment was done by 6 min walk test for respiratory function and flexicurve was measured using flexible ruler to recognize spinal postural defect. Peak flow meter was used to measure lung function.

Results:

In a conducted study, 6 min walk test, peak flow meter, and flexicurve showed statistically significant difference between pre- and post-treatment values.

Conclusion:

On the basis of the result of the study, it can be concluded that posture correction and moderate- intensity exercises help in improving respiratory function in teenagers.
Multidimensional Harmonic Generation Determines Halide Perovskite Crystal Symmetry: Disentangling Second Harmonic Generation from Multiphoton Photoluminescence
Authors: Morrow Darien , Hautzinger Matthew , Lafayette David , Scheeler Jason , Dang Lianna , Leng Meiying , Kohler Daniel , Wheaton Amelia , fu yongping , Guzei Ilia , Tang Jiang , Jin Song , Wright John
Published: April 2020

Metal halide perovskites are an intriguing class of semiconductor materials being explored for their linear and non-linear optical, and potentially ferroelectric properties. In particular, layered two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) halide perovskites have shown ferroelectric properties. Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is commonly used to screen for ferroelectric materials, however, SHG measurements of perovskites are complicated by their intense multiphoton photoluminescence (mPL) which can be mistaken for SHG signal. In this work, we introduce multidimensional harmonic generation as a method to eliminate the complications caused by mPL. By scanning and correlating both excitation and emission frequencies, we un-ambiguously assess whether a material supports SHG by examining if an emission feature scales as twice the excitation frequency. Careful multidimensional harmonic generation measurements of a series of n=2 and n=3 RP perovskites reveal that, contrary to previous belief, n-butylammonium (BA) RP perovskites display no SHG, thus they have inversion symmetry; but RP perovskites with phenylethylammonium (PEA) and 2-thiophenemethylammonium (TPMA) spacer cations display SHG. Multidimensional harmonic generation is also able to confirm the SHG and thus non-centrosymmetry of a recently reported ferroelectric RP perovskite even in the presence of an obscuring mPL background. This work establishes multidimensional harmonic generation as a definitive method to measure the SHG properties of materials and demonstrates that tuning organic cations can allow the design of new non-centrosymmetric or even ferroelectric RP perovskites.
A focus on CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19)
Authors: Saurabh Mitra  , Jayati Chatterjee Mitra
Published: April 2020

The coronavirus episode is a worldwide concern. As time passes, the circumstance appears to change for the most noticeably terrible. An ever-increasing number of individuals are affirmed as contaminated, the death rate goes up somewhat with each deadly case and the infection is advancing outside the Chinese outskirts. The news outlets are everywhere throughout the point, giving day by day or even hourly updates to the inexorably critical circumstance. Be that as it may, most articles and reports appear to concentrate more on instigating alarm and making disarray as opposed to giving an account of logical realities or advancing avoidance measures Along these lines, for this article, how about we leave the frenzy aside and see where that brings us. The Wuhan infection is the main significant wellbeing danger of 2020, yet it's a long way from being the first or the most noticeably awful wellbeing emergency that humankind confronted. Before we had the Ebola infection, Avian flu and SARS, with the keep going on this rundown, really being a kind of coronavirus. All were profoundly infectious and possibly savage, yet none caused such an instinctive response from the populace. Regardless of whether we dismiss those, we have the basic influenza infection that causes a large number of passing right off the bat, and we don't hear much about that in the news, isn't that right?
DOMINASI GENDER DALAM BUKU BUNGA RAMPAI CERITA RAKYAT TAPANULI TENGAH TERBITAN BALAI BAHASA SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Nasution Jamaluddin
Published: April 2020

Kajian dalam penelitian ini adalah dominasi gender yang muncul dalam penokohan di tiap cerita rakyat yang ada dalam buku Bunga Rampai Cerita Rakyat Tapanuli Tengah (The Anthology of Central Tapanuli Folktales) yang diterbitkan oleh Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara tahun 2016. Metode  yang  digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah 8 (delapan) cerita rakyat yang terdapat dalam Buku Rampai Cerita Rakyat Tapanuli Tengah (The Anthology of Central Tapanuli Folktales), yaitu: (1) Putri Lopian, (2) Putri Runduk, (3) Putri Andam Dewi, (4) Legenda Bukit Batara, (5) Legenda Ujung Sibolga, (6) Legenda Raja dan Burung Dendang Buto, (7) Sonar Paku Bugis, dan (8) Asal Usul Makam Mahligai. Dari semua cerita rakyat, terdapat 10 tokoh utama, dimana tokoh laki-laki sebanyak 5 (lima) dan tokoh perempuan juga sebanyak 5 (lima) juga. Hasil dari kajian menemukan bahwa tidak ada dominasi pada salah satu gender dalam cerita rakyat Tapanuli Tengah. Gender laki-laki muncul dalam tokoh seperti raja, pangeran, saudagar, nakhoda, serta guru dan murid yang belajar ilmu Islam. Sementara gender perempuan muncul dalam cerita sebagai tokoh putri raja dan istri tokoh utama. Penokohan dan gender tersebut muncul karena adanya unsur seperti: (1) letak geografi Tapanuli Tengah adalah berada di pinggir laut; (2) sistem pemerintahan masa lalu berbentuk kerajaan; dan (3) faktor agama Islam yang banyak dianut.
KAJIAN BAHASA EUFIMISME PADA CERITA RAKYAT BATAK TOBA “BORU SARODING”
Authors: Gultom Roida
Published: April 2020

Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana penggunaan eufemisme dalam cerita rakyat batak Toba Boru Saroding dan bagaimana  makna analisis eufemisme dalam cerita rakyat Boru Saroding. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Menambah pengetahuan dan wawasan pembaca tentang penggunaan  dan makna eufimisme pada tuturan cerita rakyat Batak Toba “Boru Saroding” dan Menjadi sumber masukan bagi peneliti lain dalam mengkaji eufemisme dalam masyarakat Batak Toba. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan masalah sesuai dengan realita. Sumber data yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini teks tulisan yaitu cerita rakyat batak toba “Boru Saroding” yang dipercaya oleh masyarakat Kabupaten Samosir. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang telah terkumpul agar mudah untuk diolah. Berdasarkan analisis data ditemukan bahwa terdapat  kata dan kalimat yang mempunyai makna halus (eufimisme).  Kata yang mempunyai makna halus ada 11 kata dan kalimat yang mempunyai makna halus ada 6 kalimat .
KARAKTER SUTI DAN NILAI PENDIDIKAN DALAM NOVEL SUTI KARYA SAPARDI DJOKO DAMONO
Authors: Lestari Try
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keterkaiatan unsur intrinsik serta konflik kejiwaan tokoh Suti dan menjelaskan nilai pendidikan dalam novel Suti karya Sapardi Djoko Damono. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan analisis isi. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa dokumen. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterkaitan antarunsur dalam novel Suti karya Sapardi Djoko Damono dapat membangun sebuah jalinan cerita yang penuh dengan konflik dan memiliki penguatan pada tema (1) tokoh Suti sebagai tokoh sentral memiliki karakter dan kepribadian yang kuat. (2) nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya pelestarian hasil kebudayaan bangsa, nilai pendidikan moral berupa sikap saling menghormati terhadap sesama, nilai pendidikan sosial berupa pentingnya berinterkasi sesama manusia di lingkungan sekitar (3) novel Suti karya Sapardi Djoko Damono dapat dijadikan bahan ajar pada pembelajaran sasrta.
HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN BAHASA BATAK MANDAILING DAN BAHASA TANAH ULU (SUATU KAJIAN LINGUISTIK HISTORIS KOMPARATIF)
Authors: Dalimunthe Sri
Published: April 2020

Bahasa Batak Mandailing dan Bahasa Tanah Ulu adalah dua bahasa yang dituturkan di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Bahasa Tanah Ulu (BTU) khususnya dituturkan di Kecamatan Muarasipongi dan bahasa Batak Mandailing (BBM) umumnya dituturkan di hampir semua wilayah Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Kecamatan Muarasipongi berbatasan langsung dengan Provinsi Sumatera Barat, jadi BTU dipengaruhi oleh bahasa Minangkabau (bahasa di Provinsi Sumatera Barat). Penutur BTU bisa berbahasa Minangkabau dan BBM, tetapi penutur BBM dan bahasa Minangkabau tidak mengerti BTU. Hal tersebut membuat peneliti menganalisis bagaimana hubungan kekerabatan BBM dan BTU. Seberapa jauh tingkat kekerabatan kedua bahasa tersebut akan dijelaskan melalui teknik perbandingan dan teknik penghitungan waktu pisah kedua bahasa tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode komparatif dengan teknik leksikostatistik yang berupaya membandingkan kedua bahasa tersebut untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan keduanya. Dengan menggunakan 200 kosakata dasar Swadesh sebagai bahan analisis, ditemukan kesamaan leksikon keduanya sekitar 35%. Dari jumlah persentase kekerabatan tersebut dikelompokkan bahwa BBM dan BTU adalah keluarga dari satu rumpun. Selanjutnya, dihitung waktu pisah kedua bahasa yang dibandingkan dan hasilnya adalah 2.419. Artinya, BBM dan BTU adalah bahasa yang berkerabat dan merupakan satu bahasa yang sama sekitar 2419 tahun yang lalu atau sekitar tahun 401 Sebelum Masehi (dihitung dari tahun 2018), sebelum akhirnya berpisah.
FUNGSI TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF PERAWAT TERHADAP PASIEN DI RUANG FISIOTERAPI RSU HAJI MEDAN–SUMATRA UTARA
Authors: Chairul Arni
Published: April 2020

In communicating activities certainly can not be separated from the theory of speech acts. Speech acts as a form of communication event is not an event that happens by itself, but has a function, contains a specific purpose can cause influence or effect on the said partner. The speech acts is a theory that tries to study the meaning of language based on the relationship of speech with the actions performed by the speaker.Language is used by speakers to convey specific intentions to speech partners such as ordering, begging, asking, and etc.Such speech acts as speech acts are grouped into speech acts directive. Speech from a (speaker) is of course not merely the origin of speech, but it contains certain intentions.The classification of speech acting speech function are : competitive,convivial, collaborative, conflictive.The purpose of this study was to identify the function of speech acts of the nurse directive to the patient in the physiotherapy room at RSU. Haji Medan - North Sumatera.This research is a qualitative research using descriptive and comparative method. From the data analysis found the function of speech act directive, competitive 'compete' with its subfunctions to govern and ask; and collaborative functions 'in collaboration' with its subfunctions stating, teaching, reporting and announcing. From the discussion it is suggested that nurses use speech act directive that has indicators of politeness in Indonesian language so that the function of acting speech directive can be achieved in conveying the intent and purpose to the patient.
MAKNA DAN FUNGSI MAGIS SYAIR ACAPELLA PADA RITUAL PEMANDIAN SENJATA TRADISIONAL MASYARAKAT KEC. KEDUNGDUNG
Authors: Agustiningsih Ika , N Ni Made Emi , T Romadloniyah N
Published: April 2020

Penelitian mengenai makna dan fungsi magis pada ritual pemandian senjata tradisional masyarakat Kec. Kedungdung dilaksanakan setiap tanggal satu suro. Ritual pemandian senjata tradisional dilaksanakan untuk memperingati rokat dhisah atau yang disebut dengan selamatan desa. Masyarakat kedudung percaya bahwa dengan mengucapkan syair acapella akan menambah kesakralan terhadap upacara tersebut. Penelitian ini perlu dilakaukan lebih lanjut mengingat semakin pudarnya sastra lisan yang ada di Indonesia khususnya Madura akibat dari dampak kebudayaan asing yang masuk tanpa difilter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melestarikan budaya masyarakat Madura dengan mencari makna dan fungsi magis terhadap syair acapella. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode hermenotika yaitu pencarian makna yang optimal pada syair acapella dan menggunakan jenis penelitian deskrptif kualitatif serta menggunakan pendekatan antropologi sastra. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu syair acapella dan informant serta menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, perekaman, pengamatan, pencatatan, dan wawancara. Pengecekan keabsahan data dalam penelitian yaitu teknik triangulasi teori dan metode yang didapatkan dari buku dan jurnal.
PENGGUNAAN SALAM SEBAGAI UNGKAPAN SAPAAN DALAM DRAMA SEIGI NO MIKATA DAN OHITORISAMA
Authors: Ashadi Utami Sulistyaningrum
Published: April 2020

Salam merupakan sebuah ungkapan yang dapat digunakan untuk menyapa seseorang. Dalam tuturan masyarakat Jepang, salam sangatlah bervariasi bergantung pada setiap penggunanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis salam, ranah dan faktor penggunaan ungkapan sapaan tersebut. Adapun sumber data yang digunakan ialah dua buah naskah drama berbahasa Jepang berjudul Seigi no mikata dan Ohitorisama. Data tersebut dianalis secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode agih, padan referensial, dan padan pragmatis. Teori yang digunakan ialah teori sosiopragmatik, strategi kesantunan Brown dan Levince, power and distance, dan aisatsu ‘salam’. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terdapat 14 jenis salam sebagai ungkapan sapaan, misal: ohayou gozaimasu, konnichiwa, konbanwa, dll. Adapun variasi ungkapan sapaan tersebut, dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang berkaitan dengan lawan tutur, waktu, tempat, dan situasi/peristiwa tutur. Sedangkan strategi kesantunan yang sering digunakan ialah strategi kesantunan langsung tanpa basa-basi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa adapun variasi salam sebagai ungkapan sapaan dalam bahasa Jepang ialah sangat bergantung dengan adanya situasi dan konteks sebuah tuturan.
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA PADA ANAK USIA 2-3 TAHUN MELALUI METODE BERNYANYI DI PAUD NUR INSANI PIYAMAN, WONOSARI, GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Sahasti Julananda Putri
Published: April 2020

Language is the main means of communication in human life in this world either in written form, oral and which is only a certain symbol. Without human language can not communicate because humans are social beings who inevitably have to interact with other humans. Language acquisition in humans begins with children when learning to speak. Language acquisition in each child is not the same, according to his age. In this research will be studied the acquisition of child language on phonology, morphology, and syntax aspects. This research uses qualitative research method with naturalistic technique. Sources of data in this study are the students of class A PAUD Nur Insani, Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunungkidul. The purpose of this study are: 1) explain the acquisition of phonology of children aged 2-3 years in early childhood Nur Insani Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunungkidul; 2) explain the acquisition of morphology of children aged 2-3 years in early childhood Nur Insani Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunungkidul; and 3) describes the acquisition of syntactics of children aged 2-3 years in early childhood Nur Insani Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunungkidul.
Campur Kode Dialog Interaktif;Parlemen Berbicara
Authors: Martina Martina
Published: April 2020

Campuran kode sering terjadi karena kemampuan seseorang menguasai bahasa lebih dari satu. Penguasaan lebih dari satu bahasa ini dalam sosiolinguistik disebut bilingual atau multibahasa. Penelitian ini difokuskan  bagaimana campur code dalam dialog interaktif; parlemen berbicara di Televisi Republik Indonesia Kalimantan Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan campuran kode dalam dialog interaktif; parlemen berbicara di Televisi Republik Indonesia Kalimantan Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan data dengan cara permohonan permintaan sorffile ke stasiun TVRI Kalimantan Barat dalam bentuk data lunak (sorffile) tahun 2017. Kemudian, data yang telah diperoleh ditranskripsikan dan diklasifikasikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan penelitian ini. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terjadi campur kode dalam dialog interaktif; parlemen berbicara di Televisi Republik Indonesia Kalimantan Barat terdiri dari campur kode ke dalam dan ke luar. Campur kode  yang ditemukan meliputi bahasa Indonesia - Melayu dialek Pontianak, Indonesia-Melayu dialek Betawi, Indonesia - Inggris, dan Indonesia-Arab.
Study of the Potential Use of Clay from Muratara Regency as Subtituent Materials for API Bentonite for Drilling Mud based on API RP 13B Mud Slurry Properties Tests
Authors: Antari Azka R , Hasjim Machmud , Bahrin David
Published: April 2020

Bentonite, especially Sodium (Na) Bentonite is a type of clay that is used as a basis for water-based drilling mud in the of oil and gas wells drilling throughout the world including Indonesia, bentonite used in Indonesia is still partially imported from abroad. Sodium Bentonite can be substituted with ordinary clay which is treated by beneficiation throught addition of Na2CO3. The area of Musi Rawas Utara (Muratara) Regency of South Sumatra Province contains clay reserves resulting from pyroclastic deposit which will be investigated as potential subtitutional materials of imported API Bentonite.

Clay samples from 6 different locations were prepared by first looking for the best % swell of sample beneficiation combination from all over the 36 combinations through the free swell test, the results obtained that the 4% BWOC Na2CO3 combination gave the best % swell. From this, 24 samples were prepared for various measurements of mud properties using standard equipment and procedures following the API RP 13 B for water-based mud with drilling grade Na-bentonite (API Bentonite) as standard material.

The test includes 7 properties which are divided into 16 measurement units namely density, rheology, filtration, solid and liquid content, sand content, pH and methylene blue capacity etc. The test results show that the Na2CO3 beneficiation is able to change ionically the characteristics of the clay, but from the aspect of the suitability of the value of each test parameter to the standard value shows that none of the samples has full compatibility, which is mean that Muratara clay technically cannot be used as a substituent material of API Bentonite.
Multi-objective clustering algorithm using particle swarm optimization with crowding distance (MCPSO-CD)
Authors: Rashed Alwatben Batoul , Hamdan Hazlina , Sharef Nurfadhlina Mohd , Sulaiman Md Nasir , Yaakob Razali , Abubakar Mansir
Published: April 2020

Clustering, an unsupervised method of grouping sets of data, is used as a solution technique in various ﬁelds to divide and restructure data to become more signiﬁcant and transform them into more useful information. Generally, clustering is difﬁcult and complex phenomenon, where the appropriate numbers of clusters are always unknown, comes with a large number of potential solutions, and as well the datasets are unsupervised. These problems can be addressed by the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) approach, which is commonly used in addressing optimization problems. However, MOPSO algorithm produces a group of non-dominated solutions which make the selection of an “appropriate” Pareto optimal or non-dominated solution more difficult. According to the literature, crowding distance is one of the most efficient algorithms that was developed based on density measures to treat the problem of selection mechanism for archive updates. In an attempt to address this problem, the clustering-based method that utilizes crowding distance (CD) technique to balance the optimality of the objectives in Pareto optimal solution search is proposed. The approach is based on the dominance concept and crowding distances mechanism to guarantee survival of the best solution. Furthermore, we used the Pareto dominance concept after calculating the value of crowding degree for each solution. The proposed method was evaluated against five clustering approaches that have succeeded in optimization that comprises of K-means Clustering, MCPSO, IMCPSO, Spectral clustering, Birch, and average-link algorithms. The results of the evaluation show that the proposed approach exemplified the state-of-the-art method with significant differences in most of the datasets tested.
Bottom-up visual attention model for still image: a preliminary study
Authors: Prahara Adhi , Murinto Murinto , Ismi Dewi Pramudi
Published: April 2020

The philosophy of human visual attention is scientifically explained in the field of cognitive psychology and neuroscience then computationally modeled in the field of computer science and engineering. Visual attention models have been applied in computer vision systems such as object detection, object recognition, image segmentation, image and video compression, action recognition, visual tracking, and so on. This work studies bottom-up visual attention, namely human fixation prediction and salient object detection models. The preliminary study briefly covers from the biological perspective of visual attention, including visual pathway, the theory of visual attention, to the computational model of bottom-up visual attention that generates saliency map. The study compares some models at each stage and observes whether the stage is inspired by biological architecture, concept, or behavior of human visual attention. From the study, the use of low-level features, center-surround mechanism, sparse representation, and higher-level guidance with intrinsic cues dominate the bottom-up visual attention approaches. The study also highlights the correlation between bottom-up visual attention and curiosity.
The Intersection of Two Exegetical Types of The Quran
Authors: Hidayatulloh Miftah Khilmi , Nahar Muhammad Hasnan
Published: April 2020

The research affirmed the intersection of two exegetical types of The Quran. This study also confirmed the existence of the pure Al-tafsÄ«r bi al-maâ€™thÅ«r and the pure Al-tafsÄ«r bi al-raâ€™yi. The researchers also presented the character of each type to clarify the difference between these exegetical types. The subject of this research was the exegesis, while the object of research is Al-tafsÄ«r bi al-maâ€™thÅ«r (tradition-based exegesis), Al-tafsÄ«r bi al-raâ€™yi (reason-based exegesis) and the intersection between the two exegetical types. In the first step, the researchers explained Al-tafsÄ«r bi al-maâ€™thÅ«r and Al-tafsÄ«r bi al-raâ€™yi, then analyzed the scope critically. The researchers compared two exegetical types of the Quran to find the differences and the intersections. The researchers also presented examples of each type of exegesis to sharpen the analysis.
AhÄdÄ«ts Rukyati al-HilÄl wa SiyÄqÄtuhÄ Min MandzÅ«r MaqÄÅŸid as-SyarÄ«â€™ah
Authors: Rachmadhani Fajar
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this research is to discuss the urgency of the understanding of hadith rukyatu al-hilÄl in a more comprehensive and contextual manner within the framework of MaqÄshid SyarÄ«ah. This is because the understanding of the hadith rukyatu al-hilÄl has an impact on the method of determining the entry of the early qamariyah months, especially those related to worship such as the fasting of Ramadhan, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. There are many hadith about the Prophet's order to see the new moon in order to find out the entry of the fasting month of Ramadan as well as the Eid-ul-Fitr festivities, because rukyat at that time was the only method for determining the entry earlier that month.Â  There is no doubt that the aim of Islamic law is to realize the benefit of mankind in the world and the hereafter and keep away all forms of difficulties. While, understanding the hadith of the rukyatu al-hilÄl and their implementation textually sometimes cause confusion and difficulties as well as differences that often occur in the determination of the beginning of the month of qamariayah, especially those related to fasting, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha.
EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI LUASAN, PENZONAAN, SIRKULASI INTERNAL, DAN RUANG GERAK PADA UNIT APARTEMEN TIPE 2 KAMAR TIDUR
Authors: Prajogo ; Alexander Sastrawan Steffi Averina
Published: April 2020

Abstrak- Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana efektivitas dan efisiensi luasan, penzonaan, sirkulasi internal, dan ruang gerak pada unit apartemen tipe 2 kamar tidur dalam rentang 5 tahun sejak 1994-2018 karena berdasarkan data yang didapat, angka pertumbuhan dan harga apartemen meningkat pesat sehingga keberadaan apartemen di masa depan diperkirakan akan terus meningkat. Pertumbuhan apartemen seharusnya menghasilkan unit yang efektif dan efisien pula untuk menarik peminat. Karena itulah dibutuhkan penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan unit yang lebih efektif dan efisien lagi di masa mendatang. Berdasarkan literatur dan data perolehan berbagai apartemen, unit 2 kamar adalah unit yang paling banyak dirancang dan selalu ada pada apartemen.Untuk menentukan efektivitas dan efisiensi pada unit 2 kamar apartemen tersebut maka digunakan metode perhitungaan floor efficiency ratio dan perhitungan netto–bruto. Selain itu digunakan juga standard-standard minimum yang ada untuk menunjang persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi oleh sebuah unit 2 kamar tidur pada apartemen. Pada penelitian ini dilihat perubahan faktor-faktor luasan, zoning, tata letak, sirkulasi internal, dan juga ruang gerak terhadap lembar kerja unit 2 kamar tidur objek penelitian dengan membandingkan apartemen tersebut dari tahun ke tahun hingga didapatkan pola yang terjadi. Objek penelitian yang dipilih adalah Apartemen Taman Rasuna yang merupakan pelopor bertumbuhnya apartemen Indonesia, lalu apartemen Wisma Gading Permai, The Majesty, The Summit, Galeri Ciumbuleuit 2, Scientia Residences, M Town Residences dan Branz BSD.Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor luasan, zoning dan tata letak, sirkulasi internal, dan juga ruang gerak sangat memengaruhi efektivitas dan efisiensi sebuah unit 2 kamar tidur pada apartemen. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa angka tertinggi pemenuhan efektif maupun efisien luasan, penzonaan, sirkulasi internal, dan ruang gerak adalah 75% yang berada pada tahun 1998-2012 dan terendah 50% di 1994 dan 2018. Dari 8 apartemen tidak ada unit yang mencapai 100% efektif maupun efisien karena berdasarkan faktor pun tidak ada yang mencapai keefektifan dan efisiensi tersebut.
KAJIAN TERITORIALITAS KERATON KANOMAN
Authors: Nugrahadi ; Franseno Pujianto Pandu Adikara Hidayat
Published: April 2020

Abstrak - Keraton Kanoman merupakan salah satu bangunan yang penting dalam sejarah terbentuknya Kota Cirebon. Keraton Kanoman didirikan pada tahun 1678, keraton berfungsi sebagai bangunan pemerintah serta penyebar agama Islam pada Tanah Sunda. Teritori Keraton Kanoman diperkuat dengan keberadaan Masjid Kanoman pada sisi Barat keraton, serta Pasar Kanoman pada sisi Timur, sementara pada sisi Utara terdapat alun-alun keraton. Terdapat area permukiman pada sektiar bangunan Keraton Kanoman. Permukiman sekitar keraton dihuni oleh keluarga dan abdi dalem keraton, permukiman tersebut dinamakan magersari. Magersari berfungsi sebagai pagar yang menandakan teritori kawasan keraton, serta melindungi keraton dari serangan pihak luar. Magersari terletak dalam radius 100 meter dari bangunan Keraton Kanoman.Area Keraton Kanoman mengalami perkembangan pesat pada sekitar tahun 1900. Pada  tahun 1924 pemerintah belanda membangun Pasar Kanoman pada sisi Utara keraton, sehingga area komersil berkembang pesat bersama dengan area pecinan. Pada tahun 1970 area permukiman mengalami perkembangan yang besar dan tidak terencana, perkembangan permukiman diisi dengan pendatang baru. Perkembangan besar yang terjadi sepenuhnya menutupi bangunan keraton dari jalan utama. Meskipun terjadi perkembangan area yang menutupi bangunan keraton, Keraton Kanoman masih dapat berdiri dan mempertahankan eksistensinya sebagai bangunan sejarah dan kebudayaan.Bangunan Pasar Kanoman serta perkembangan area permukiman keraton menyebabkan bangunan Keraton Kanoman menjadi tersembunyi dan tidak terlihat dari jalan utama. Perkembangan pembangunan menyebabkan terjadinya invasi terhadap area teritori keraton, invasi yang terjadi berupa peralihan fungsi lahan dan aktivitas.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk teritorialitas Keraton Kanoman pada tatanan fisik eksisting didalam lokasi penelitian. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik place centered mapping. Data yang dikumpulkan untuk menunjang penelitian berasal dari observasi pada tatanan fisik dan aktivitas penghuni kawasan Keraton Kanoman.Bentuk teritori bangunan dikaji melalui tipe teritori yang ada pada kawsan keraton serta perilaku teritorial yang terjadi didalamnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan teritori keraton terbagi kedalam empat tipe yaitu teritori central, supporting, attached, serta peripheral. Teritori central keraton terletak pada komplek bangunan keraton. Teritori supporting dan attached terletak pada area sekitar keraton yang ditandai dengan personalisasi ruang keraton serta perilaku teritorial penghuni Keraton Kanoman. Teritori peripheral terletak pada jursidiksi area kawasan Keraton Kanoman.
Reinforcing the Rights of the Victim in the French Law on Civil Liability
Authors: Sage Yves-Louis
Published: April 2020

In the last century the system of civil liability in French law has moved from being fault based to a system of guarantee, motivated by the desire to provide indemnity to victims.  This shift occurred in the common law of France and has been complemented by significant legislative intervention.  In this article Dr Sage explains the role and operation of the legislative methods of reinforcing the rights of victims and, in particular, the operation of the guarantee systems established by the state for road accident victims, for the victims of hunting accidents, of criminal injuries, of acts of terrorism, and for persons who have received transfusions of blood contaminated by the AIDS virus.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS SISWA MELALUI PENDEKATAN (SOMATIC, AUDITORY, VISUAL AND INTELLECTUAL)
Authors: Umam Khoerul , Azhar Ervin
Published: April 2020

Pengembangan pemahaman konsep matematika yang baik akan meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa. Pendekatan SAVI menawarkan suatu konsep pembelajaran matematika yang integratif dengan mengintegrasikan banyak aspek. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan desain kuasi eksperimen. Subjek penelitian pada kelas eksperimen berjumlah 36 siswa sedangkan kelas kontrol terdiri dari 35 siswa. Analisis data menggunakan statistic deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil studi menunjukkan siswa yang diberikan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan SAVI mengalami peningkatan pemahman konsep matematis secara siginifikan. Laporan hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa untuk mengkonstruksi masalah melalui pemahaman konsep yang baik. Siswa yang diajarkan oleh pendekan SAVI memiliki kemampuan untuk menganalisis masalah melalui konstruksi konsep matematika
Profil Kemampuan Guru dalam Merancang Soal/Permasalahan Matematika Ditinjau dari Taksonomi Bloom
Authors: Febrilia Baiq Rika Ayu
Published: April 2020

Kemampuan guru dalam mendesain soal/permasalahan matematika mempengaruhi kualitas pembelajaran matematika di kelas. Besarnya frekuensi guru dalam memberikan soal tertutup membuat penalaran dan kreatifitas siswa kurang berkembang dengan baik. Akibatnya, jika siswa dihadapkan dengan permasalahan berbeda dari yang mereka sering dapatkan, siswa cenderung menunjukkan sikap bingung dan merasa kesulitan dalam mencari solusi dari permasalahan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan guru dalam merancang soal matematika ditinjau dari level kemampuan berpikir Taksonomi Bloom yang direvisi oleh Krathwohl. Penelitian dengan jenis kualitatif deskriptif ini melibatkan tujuh orang guru matematika SMP/MTs di Kota Mataram. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 14 permasalahan yang dirancang oleh 7 orang guru, 9 diantaranya berada pada level aplikasi, 1 permasalahan pada level pemahaman, 1 permasalahan pada level analisis dan 3 permasalahan pada level evaluasi.
TOP-DOWN AND BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING IN LISTENING. WHICH ONE IS PROBLEMATIC?: A CASE OF UNIVERSITAS PGRI SEMARANG
Authors: Ardini Sukma Nur
Published: April 2020

To enhance students’ ability in listening skill, the lecturer needs to understand what problems faced by their students. Since listening is still a big issue for English learners in Indonesia, so the processing of Top Down and Bottom Up need to be figured out. Top-Down processing refers to the use of schemata or knowledge of learners to understand the information received, while the Bottom-Up processing refers to the process of understanding the information through the analysis of sound, sense of the word, and grammar. This study wanted to investigate what problems do students have in learning listening since the observation result showed that students’ listening grade is low. A case study research design was applied in this study. Thirty students of first semester of Universitas PGRI Semarang in the academic year 2015/2016 became the sample of this study. The data were collected through observation, questionnaire, and interview. The result showed that 90% of the students found that Bottom Up processing is more problematic than Top Down processing (10%). The interview result showed that 44% students have difficulty in vocabulary and 56% in pronunciation. Those problems make them difficult to catch what the speaker says. It leads to another problems that is Top Down processing which needs Bottom Up as the basic competence. Therefore, it suggests to lecturer that Bottom Up, which involved vocabulary and pronunciation, is matters for students to achieve the listening competence well.
Edukacja przyrodnicza Michała Krzysztofa Hanowa w Athenae Gedanenses i Towarzystwie Przyrodniczym
Authors: Brodnicki M.
Published: April 2020

Athenae Gedanenses było czołowym ośrodkiem filozofii akademickiej na terenie Rzeczypospolitej od połowy XVI do XIX w. Dorobek naukowy i dydaktyczny gdańskich profesorów w zakresie edukacji przyrodniczej i filozofii praktycznej w całej Europie był uważany za główne źródło arystotelizmu niescholastycznego zapoczątkowanego przez Bartłomieja Keckermanna oraz wolffianizmu rozwijanego przez Michała Krzysztofa Hanowa, których podręczniki czytano w większości europejskich uniwersytetów.

Podjęte badania uzasadnione są wciąż niepełną wiedzą o aktywności naukowej Michała Hanowa, przez co w opisie formalnym epoki kształtowania się podwalin współczesnej pedagogiki brak tego ważnego rozdziału lub jest on opisany bardzo zdawkowo. Warto podkreślić, iż oprócz pisania obszernych dzieł przyrodoznawczych czy poważnych prac z tego zakresu Hanow zajmował się również popularyzacją tej dziedziny. Ponadto, rozległe zainteresowania naukowe Hanowa obejmowały również matematykę, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem geometrii.

Michał Krzysztof Hanow, wybitny profesor przyrodoznawstwa w Atenach Gdańskich i współzałożyciel Towarzystwa Przyrodniczego, publikował podręczniki oparte na słynnych kompendiach Christiana Wolffa, propagując w ten sposób nowy, już oświeceniowy sposób ujmowania filozofii akademickiej, obejmującej różne dziedziny wiedzy. Dzięki Hanowowi nazwisko Wolffa i jego podręczniki z zakresu logiki, metafizyki, matematyki i kosmologii stały się w Gdańsku około połowy XVIII w. symbolem i uosobieniem nowej nauki i postawy ogólnie scholastycznej. Traktaty Hanowa stały się podręcznikami na wielu uniwersytetach europejskich.

Praca opatrzona jest licznymi przytoczeniami z literatury tematycznej, a także opiera się w znacznej mierze na dokonanych już kwerendach i badaniach własnych autora artykułu.
PATTERN OF ANIMATOR IN POLISH AND FOREIGN LITERATURE ON THE SUBJECT
Authors: Łapian T.
Published: April 2020

The emergence and development of socio-cultural animation are closely related to the state of modern society and contemporary culture. Animation has become a response to their deficiencies and deficiencies, for the needs that our post-industrial society cannot satisfy. The development of civilization, which led to industrialization and urbanization, meant that the social structure underwent a radical transformation. Traditional forms of community life and the types of lasting relationships related to them have disappeared, and their place was replaced by individualistic culture focused on the individual and its self-fulfillment. The way we live has become increasingly dependent on the one hand on the state, with its ubiquitous institutions, and on the other hand on market mechanisms, increasingly aggressively entering all possible areas of social life.

Many outstanding humanistic psychologists, such as Maslow, Perls, Rogers and Fromm, demanded action to transform the human individual. It was postulated to strive to develop in the individual such qualities as: openness, flexibility, the ability to make conscious choices, intrsteer, creativity, skepticism towards positively understood science and technology, striving for authenticity, treating life as internal changes, autonomy, caring for others, ecological sensitivity, independence, ability to self-organize into self-sufficient institutions, spiritual development.

The theme of animation requires an interdisciplinary approach, as it concerns many areas of human life. Seen from a social perspective, it is associated with such phenomena as: enriching social and cultural life forms, inspiring people to creative life and creative activities, reviving local communities and various groups and environments, discovering the unrealized potentials of both individuals and groups. On the other hand, from the pedagogical perspective, you can see a range of methods in animation that can help you deal with contemporary educational and educational challenges.

The publications have rich thematic literature that goes beyond Central Europe. The topic raised was not fully exhausted; this text is one of the components of the monograph being created, which will describe the overall profile of the animator and leisure time animation.
MODERN CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES FOR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE SOCIAL EDUCATION FROM SOCIAL PROTECTION OF YOUTH
Authors: Gonchar L. , Spivak Y.
Published: April 2020

The article outlines the historical milestones of the formation and development of the problem of professional competence of future social educators on social protection of youth rights from the 90s of the XX century to the present. The scientific literature on the research problem is analyzed. Conceptual approaches to professional training of future social educators on social protection of youth rights (systemic, civilizational, sociocultural, personal, activity, professional, socio-pedagogical, methodological technological) are defined and their essential characteristics are revealed. The content and structural components of the professional training of future social educators on social protection of youth rights are characterized. The peculiarities of development of both the system of becoming a profession of social educators and the system of its professional preparation for practical activity in the social sphere are given. The essence of the concept of «social education» is revealed. The importance of the influence of social education in its various interpretations on sociology, which is the basis of the development of the culture of social thinking in the XX-XXI centuries, is revealed. The factors of influence on the formation of the outlook values of future social educators are presented. The modern tendencies of professional training of future social educators on social protection of youth rights (intensification and extension of university education, multilevel and variability of education, strengthening of psychological and pedagogical and general educational components, integration) are determined. The peculiarities of vocational training of social pedagogues in several universities of Ukraine are studied