bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Aligned Optical Fiber Put-in Micro-Connectors
Authors: Iga K. , Baba T.
Published: February 2023

In future optical fiber communication systems including large scale networks like a broad band ISDN, a large amount of joint connections at fibers and optical components should be employed. Moreover, a parallel lightwave system may be viable in optical interconnects for computers. Thus, the most important issue is the light coupling between semiconductor lasers or photonic devices and optical fibers. However, the alignment of optical components is left being complicated and needs very precise alignment, although several authors have reported integrated couplers [1][2]. In order to solve this problem, a planar microlens array was invented [3][4], and we have demonstrated a novel "put-in micro-connector" as shown in Fig. 1 [5] [6] . In this paper, we review its concept and some experimental demonstrations. We are able to couple single mode fibers and devices with no precise adjustment. We use a GRIN planar microlens array and self-aligned positioning of optical fibers. Its advantages and related technologies will be presented. Also, related activities in other groups will be reviewed.
Structure and Composition of Grin Glasses for Ion Exchange
Authors: Livchits Vladislav Ya.
Published: February 2023

The composition of glasses that are especially preferable for the fabrication of GRIN optical and acoustical components and for glass strengthening by ion exchange is presented.
Microchip Raman laser based on Nd:BaGd2(MoO4)4 cleaved crystal, BaWO4 Raman medium and Cr:YAG passive Q-switch
Authors: Lebedev Andrei , Avanesov Samvel , Hammoud Alaa
Published: February 2023

We present a diode-pumped microchip Raman laser based on Nd3+:BaGd2(MoO4)4 cleaved crystal, BaWO4 Raman medium and Cr4+:YAG passive Q-switch. It has been shown that, using Nd3+:BaGd2(MoO4)4 laser medium, stimulated Raman scattering in an intracavity BaWO4 crystal is simply achievable. When the transmission of the output coupler was 0.3% and 10% at the laser and Stokes wavelengths, respectively, the output energy of the Stokes pulse at 1177 nm was about 1 μJ at a pulse repetition rate of up to 12 kHz. As a result of the work, it has been shown that Nd3+:BaGd2(MoO4)4 is a good candidate as the laser active medium of a Q-switched microchip Raman laser.
Inferences from COVID-19 post-exposure risk assessment of health care workers in the pre-vaccination era at a major COVID sentinel center, Sri Lanka
Authors: Piyasiri Dammalage L. Bhagya , Senaratne Wijayawardhene Ganaka G. , Jayasekera Pathirawasam Krishantha , Withanage Vigeetha H. , Danthanarayana Nayomi S. , Ubeysekara Harshanie A. , Wijeweera Kankanamge D. Dulnie S.
Published: February 2023

Despite the hospital triage system trying to prevent COVID-19 patients from getting admitted to wards other than isolation/quarantine units, COVID-19 patients were accidentally being discovered time to time from non-COVID-19 wards due to atypical or asymptomatic presentations. Consequently, post-exposure risk assessment was carried out for the relevant health care workers (HCW) and the other patients to assess their risk level of acquiring COVID-19, and to quarantine them if concluded as high risk. Hence, the objective of the study was to assess the outcome and the adequacy of COVID-19 post-exposure risk assessment of health care workers which would be useful in future outbreaks. We studied all events of accidental detection of COVID-19 patients happened in non-COVID-19 wards which were leading to subsequent risk assessment using the 5-questions based tool adapted from the WHO recommendations. The 5 questions discussed the protective measures during face to face meetings or in physical contacts, protective measures during aerosol generating procedures, splashes onto the face, and hand hygiene measures. A retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in the Teaching Hospital Karapitiya, Galle, Sri Lanka, for 4 months covering the second wave of the pandemic. Hospital data base of risk assessments was accessed anonymously and the “yes” or “no” responses to the 5-questions assessment tool were analysed. There were 62 events involving 891 health care workers who underwent post-exposure risk assessment. From the responses the highest score of “yes” was recorded against question 3 (25.7% of total “yes” answers for all questions and 5.8% of total answers for the question number 3) revealing inadequate precautions taken by HCWs in aerosol generating procedures. Hundred and sixty two (18.2%) HCWs were quarantined as high risk and only one became positive for COVID-19 during the quarantine period. Though the 5-question based risk assessment tool effectively helps to identify breaches in infection control during an exposure to a positive COVID-19 patient, it may not be adequate at times as the only tool in deciding the assessee’s risk level.
Tracking stolen bikes in Amsterdam
Authors: Venverloo Titus , Duarte Fábio , Benson Tom , Leoni Pietro , Hoogendoorn Serge , Ratti Carlo
Published: February 2023

Crime has major influences in urban life, from migration and mobility patterns, to housing prices and neighborhood liveability. However, urban crime studies still largely rely on static data reported by the various institutions and organizations dedicated to urban safety. In this paper, we demonstrate how the use of digital technologies enables the fine-grained analysis of specific crimes over time and space. This paper leverages the rise of ubiquitous sensing to investigate the issue of bike theft in Amsterdam—a city with a dominant cycling culture, where reportedly more than 80,000 bikes are stolen every year. We use active location tracking to unveil where stolen bikes travel to and what their temporal patterns are. This is the first study using tracking technologies to focus on two critical aspects of contemporary cities: active mobility and urban crime.
Attention to faces in images is associated with personality and psychopathology
Authors: Rubo Marius , Käthner Ivo , Munsch Simone
Published: February 2023

Humans show a robust tendency to look at faces in images, but also differ consistently in the strength of this attentional preference. Previous research remained inconclusive as to how a stronger face preference may be indicative of an individual’s personality or clinical characteristics. Here we investigated face preferences in 120 participants (primarily drawn from a student population) who freely viewed photos in an internet browser showing a person in the context of a visually rich environment while attention was assessed using a cursor-based technique. Participants differed consistently in the strength of their face preference across images. A stronger preference for faces was correlated positively with openness to experience, extraversion, agreeableness and empathizing and was correlated negatively with social anxiety, depression levels and alexithymia. Trait measures were linked through a strong common factor which was additionally correlated with face preference. We conclude that face preferences may be linked to personality traits and to psychopathology but that an attribution to a specific facet of psychopathology may not be warranted. Future research should investigate links between face preferences and personality features in more diverse samples and across differing social situations.
HetIG-PreDiG: A Heterogeneous Integrated Graph Model for Predicting Human Disease Genes based on gene expression
Authors: Jagodnik Kathleen M. , Shvili Yael , Bartal Alon
Published: February 2023

Graph analytical approaches permit identifying novel genes involved in complex diseases, but are limited by (i) inferring structural network similarity of connected gene nodes, ignoring potentially relevant unconnected nodes; (ii) using homogeneous graphs, missing gene-disease associations’ complexity; (iii) relying on disease/gene-phenotype associations’ similarities, involving highly incomplete data; (iv) using binary classification, with gene-disease edges as positive training samples, and non-associated gene and disease nodes as negative samples that may include currently unknown disease genes; or (v) reporting predicted novel associations without systematically evaluating their accuracy. Addressing these limitations, we develop the Heterogeneous Integrated Graph for Predicting Disease Genes (HetIG-PreDiG) model that includes gene-gene, gene-disease, and gene-tissue associations. We predict novel disease genes using low-dimensional representation of nodes accounting for network structure, and extending beyond network structure using the developed Gene-Disease Prioritization Score (GDPS) reflecting the degree of gene-disease association via gene co-expression data. For negative training samples, we select non-associated gene and disease nodes with lower GDPS that are less likely to be affiliated. We evaluate the developed model’s success in predicting novel disease genes by analyzing the prediction probabilities of gene-disease associations. HetIG-PreDiG successfully predicts (Micro-F1 = 0.95) gene-disease associations, outperforming baseline models, and is validated using published literature, thus advancing our understanding of complex genetic diseases.
Estimating the lifetime risk of a false positive screening test result
Authors: White Tim , Algeri Sara
Published: February 2023

False positive results in screening tests have potentially severe psychological, medical, and financial consequences for the recipient. However, there have been few efforts to quantify how the risk of a false positive accumulates over time. We seek to fill this gap by estimating the probability that an individual who adheres to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) screening guidelines will receive at least one false positive in a lifetime. To do so, we assembled a data set of 116 studies cited by the USPSTF that report the number of true positives, false negatives, true negatives, and false positives for the primary screening procedure for one of five cancers or six sexually transmitted diseases. We use these data to estimate the probability that an individual in one of 14 demographic subpopulations will receive at least one false positive for one of these eleven diseases in a lifetime. We specify a suitable statistical model to account for the hierarchical structure of the data, and we use the parametric bootstrap to quantify the uncertainty surrounding our estimates. The estimated probability of receiving at least one false positive in a lifetime is 85.5% (±0.9%) and 38.9% (±3.6%) for baseline groups of women and men, respectively. It is higher for subpopulations recommended to screen more frequently than the baseline, including more vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and men who have sex with men. Since screening technology is imperfect, false positives remain inevitable. The high lifetime risk of a false positive reveals the importance of educating patients about this phenomenon.
Validation of risk prediction for outcomes of severe community-acquired pneumonia among under-five children in Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Anteneh Zelalem Alamrew , Arega Hunegnaw Enyew , Mihretie Kebadnew Mulatu
Published: February 2023

Background

Globally there are over 1,400 cases of pneumonia per 100,000 children every year, where children in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected. Some of the cases develop poor treatment outcome (treatment failure or antibiotic change or staying longer in the hospital or death), while others develop good outcome during interventions. Although clinical decision-making is a key aspect of the interventions, there are limited tools such as risk scores to assist the clinical judgment in low-income settings. This study aimed to validate a prediction model and develop risk scores for poor outcomes of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP).

Methods

A cohort study was conducted among 539 under-five children hospitalized with SCAP. Data analysis was done using R version 4.0.5 software. A multivariable analysis was done. We developed a simplified risk score to facilitate clinical utility. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plot. Bootstrapping was used to validate all accuracy measures. A decision curve analysis was used to evaluate the clinical and public health utility of our model.

Results

The incidence of poor outcomes of pneumonia was 151(28%) (95%CI: 24.2%-31.8%). Vaccination status, fever, pallor, unable to breastfeed, impaired consciousness, CBC abnormal, entered ICU, and vomiting remained in the reduced model. The AUC of the original model was 0.927, 95% (CI (0.90, 0.96), whereas the risk score model produced prediction accuracy of an AUC of 0.89 (95%CI: 0.853–0.922. Our decision curve analysis for the model provides a higher net benefit across ranges of threshold probabilities.

Conclusions

Our model has excellent discrimination and calibration performance. Similarly, the risk score model has excellent discrimination and calibration ability with an insignificant loss of accuracy from the original. The models can have the potential to improve care and treatment outcomes in the clinical settings.
Graphlet correlation distance to compare small graphs
Authors: Roux Jérôme , Bez Nicolas , Rochet Paul , Joo Rocío , Mahévas Stéphanie
Published: February 2023

Graph models are standard for representing mutual relationships between sets of entities. Often, graphs deal with a large number of entities with a small number of connections (e.g. social media relationships, infectious disease spread). The distances or similarities between such large graphs are known to be well established by the Graphlet Correlation Distance (GCD). This paper deals with small graphs (with potentially high densities of connections) that have been somewhat neglected in the literature but that concern important fora like sociology, ecology and fisheries, to mention some examples. First, based on numerical experiments, we study the conditions under which Erdős-Rényi, Fitness Scale-Free, Watts-Strogatz small-world and geometric graphs can be distinguished by a specific GCD measure based on 11 orbits, the GCD11. This is done with respect to the density and the order (i.e. the number of nodes) of the graphs when comparing graphs with the same and different orders. Second, we develop a randomization statistical test based on the GCD11 to compare empirical graphs to the four possible null models used in this analysis and apply it to a fishing case study where graphs represent pairwise proximity between fishing vessels. The statistical test rules out independent pairing within the fleet studied which is a standard assumption in fisheries. It also illustrates the difficulty to identify similarities between real-world small graphs and graph models.
Using machine learning to improve our understanding of COVID-19 infection in children
Authors: Piparia Shraddha , Defante Andrew , Tantisira Kelan , Ryu Julie
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Children are at elevated risk for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection due to their social behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine if usage of radiological chest X-rays impressions can help predict whether a young adult has COVID-19 infection or not.

Methods

A total of 2572 chest impressions from 721 individuals under the age of 18 years were considered for this study. An ensemble learning method, Random Forest Classifier (RFC), was used for classification of patients suffering from infection.

Results

Five RFC models were implemented with incremental features and the best model achieved an F1-score of 0.79 with Area Under the ROC curve as 0.85 using all input features. Hyper parameter tuning and cross validation was performed using grid search cross validation and SHAP model was used to determine feature importance. The radiological features such as pneumonia, small airways disease, and atelectasis (confounded with catheter) were found to be highly associated with predicting the status of COVID-19 infection.

Conclusions

In this sample, radiological X-ray films can predict the status of COVID-19 infection with good accuracy. The multivariate model including symptoms presented around the time of COVID-19 test yielded good prediction score.
Transforming scandals into entrepreneurial opportunities: The case of the hospitality industry
Authors: Assaf Cynthia , Grolleau Gilles , Mzoughi Naoufel
Published: February 2023

Scandals are frequently considered as detrimental for involved businesses. When hotels serve as a backdrop and are collateral victims of scandals caused by high-profile individuals, we argue that entrepreneurially minded executives can envision scandals as an unexpected opportunity, likely to bring good news to the involved hotels. Tourism businesses offer supportive evidence. In a constructivist perspective, scandals and their consequences do not result from the transgression seriousness, but are socially constructed. Entrepreneurially minded individuals influence this social construction and seek to transform scandals into entrepreneurial opportunities. We analyse whether and how hospitality executives can channel the a priori destructive forces involved in a scandal eruption towards a direction aligned with their own interests. We identify three potential mechanisms by which hospitality executives can make the best of scandals, namely, by increasing exposure and attracting attention at a low cost, offering a basis for differentiation and innovation and generating useful marketing data. We identify some conditions that make this outcome more likely. Rather than just avoiding or containing the scandal consequences, we propose to equip hospitality executives with a scandal management plan that explicitly considers the bright side of scandals.
(Trans)gender recognition in Portugal: From a ‘void’ to the right to gender self-determination
Authors: Saleiro Sandra Palma
Published: February 2023

This article reviews Portugal’s path in addressing non-normative gender identities, focusing particularly on legal gender recognition. While recognition is not limited to enshrining rights in the law – especially the right to the acknowledgement of (self)identity by the state – the legal step is one that is clearly fundamental to making overall recognition a reality. Portugal is an interesting case study, having shifted in less than a decade – the second of the twenty-first century – from a complete absence of trans issues in legislation to the passage of a law on gender identity based on self-determination. Using analysis of legislation and interviews of trans people and representatives of the LGBTQI+ movement conducted during two research projects spanning the last fifteen years, we analyse the macro-level transformations and how they are reflected, at the micro-level, in the trans people’s inclusion in or exclusion from legal recognition, and in the extension of this basic condition of citizenship.
Experiences of families of trans and gender diverse youth in Portugal within an ecological systems framework1
Authors: Carmona Maria João , Pinto Nuno , Moleiro Carla
Published: February 2023

Trans people’s civil rights and visibility on issues related to gender identity have come a long way in the last decade in Portugal and worldwide. This article presents a study focused on the experiences of families of trans and gender diverse youth. It aims to understand and examine the experiences, considerations and challenges that parents, siblings and other relatives of young trans and gender diverse people encounter within the current Portuguese context. Eleven participants from six family units were interviewed, with the degrees of kinship of mother (n = 4), father (n = 3), sister (n = 3) and grandmother (n = 1). Results show a diversity of positive and less positive experiences, resources and challenges within the nuclear and extended families, within the educational and health systems and, lastly, within the larger social and cultural context. Main implications and recommendations for intervention and public policies in this field are presented.
Association of multilocus sequencing types and antimicrobial resistance profiles of methicillin-resistant Mammaliicoccus sciuri in animals in Southern Thailand
Authors: Boonchuay Kanpapat , Sontigun Narin , Wongtawan Tuempong , Fungwithaya Punpichaya
Published: February 2023

Background and Aim: Mammaliicoccus sciuri, formerly known as Staphylococcus sciuri, is an opportunistic pathogen in the environment, human and animal mucosa, and skin. Although this pathogen is becoming more resistant to drugs and harmful to animals and humans, basic knowledge of this pathogen remains limited. This study aimed to investigate a new multilocus sequencing type (MLST) related to the antibiotic resistance pattern of M. sciuri from animals in southern Thailand.

Materials and Methods: We used 11 methicillin-resistant M. sciuri (MRMS) isolates in this study which were obtained from six horses, four cows, and one chicken of the previous study. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) was re-evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentration using the VITEK® 2 automated system. Three AMR genes were examined, namely mecA, mecC, and blaZ. Staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) gene detection was performed through the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Internal segments of the seven housekeeping genes, ack, aroE, ftsZ, glpK, gmk, pta1, and tpiA, were used for multilocus sequence typing. The population of resistant bacteria and the types of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and pandemic drug-resistant bacteria were classified through descriptive analysis.

Results: mecA and blaZ genes were detected in all isolates; however, the mecC gene was not observed in any isolate based on the PCR results. All MRMS isolates revealed a non-typable SCCmec. Seven MLSTs (71, 81, 120, 121, 122, 199, and 200) were identified in this study.

Conclusion: The characteristics of MRMS in Southern Thailand were variable, particularly in cattle and horses. The antibiogram and SCCmec types of this pathogen remain concerns with regard to antibiotic-resistant gene transmission among Staphylococcus and Mammaliicoccus species. All MLSTs in Thailand revealed the distribution among clones in Asia, including the virulence of a zoonotic clone in Southern Thailand.
Egy ideális angol óra
Authors: T. Balla Ágnes , Dégi Zsuzsanna
Published: February 2023

Az utóbbi években nagyszámú szakirodalom foglalkozik a tanári
identitással és meggyőződésekkel, amelyek kulcsfontosságúak az osztálytermi
folyamatok megértésében. Miközben egyre több tanulmány foglalkozik a
gyakorló tanárok identitásával és meggyőződéseivel, a tanárképzős hallgatók
meglátásaival, tanári identitásuk alakulásával kevés kutatás foglalkozik,
és még ritkábbak a különböző tanulási környezetek összehasonlítására
irányuló vizsgálatok. Kutatásunk célja egy longitudinális vizsgálat, mely
során az egyetemi tanárképzésben részt vevő hallgatók tanulási, tanárrá
válási folyamatát követjük nyomon. Jelen tanulmány ennek a vizsgálatnak az
első lépését mutatja be. Egyrészt arra voltunk kíváncsiak, hogy a különböző
szociokulturális kontextusok milyen módon befolyásolják a tanárjelöltek
szakmai identitásukról és a jövőbeli ideális tanórákról alkotott
elképzeléseit, másfelől pedig, hogy milyen elképzelésekkel,
meggyőződésekkel érkeznek a hallgatók a tanárképzési programba.
Résztvevőink tanárképzésben részt vevő hallgatók, Szegedről (Magyarország)
és Csíkszeredából (Románia), akik az adatgyűjtés idején még nem kezdték meg
szakmódszertani kurzusaikat és tanítási gyakorlatukat. A tervezett
longitudinális vizsgálat első lépéseként arra kértük őket, hogy készítsenek
egy vizuális alkotást (rajzot, képet, kollázst, stb.) az ideális jövőbeli
angolórájukról és azt írásbeli magyarázattal egészítsék ki. Az eredmények
azt mutatják, hogy a tanárjelölteknek nagyon konkrét elképzeléseik vannak
az ideális órájukról, ábrázolásaik sok részletet és sokféle szempontot
tükröznek.
Use of the let it pass strategy among ASEAN English speakers
Authors: Myintzu Winn
Published: February 2023

This study focuses on the use of the let it pass strategy (Firth,
1996) by English speakers from five member countries of the Association of
Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) during interaction with each other. The
data was from the video recordings of the participants during their
conversations. Close and indepth analyses were carried out on instances of
let it pass used by them. Then, retrospective interviews were conducted
with each participant. Results showed that let it pass was a communication
strategy the participants used to make their conversation flow smoothly,
and that they used it as long as their nonunderstanding of what their
interlocutor was saying did not cause a communication breakdown between
them. This finding leads to the conclusion that the use of let it pass
systematically facilitates talk when English speakers from ASEAN countries
communicate with each other in English. Implications are noted for English
language teaching and further research.
Diagnosis and Management of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome: A Critical Review
Authors: Frazier Rosita , Li B.U.K. , Venkatesan Thangam
Published: February 2023

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a chronic disorder of gut-brain interaction characterized by recurrent disabling episodes of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. CVS affects both children and adults with a prevalence of approximately 2% in the United States. CVS is more common in female individuals and affects all races. The pathophysiology of CVS is unknown and a combination of genetic, environmental, autonomic, and neurohormonal factors is believed to play a role. CVS is also closely associated with migraine headaches and likely have a shared pathophysiology. The diagnosis of CVS is based on the Rome criteria, and minimal recommended testing includes an upper endoscopy and imaging studies of the abdomen. CVS is frequently associated with anxiety, depression, and autonomic dysfunction. Patients with CVS commonly use cannabis therapeutically for symptom relief. By contrast, cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is believed to be a subset of CVS with chronic heavy cannabis use leading to hyperemesis. Due to the recalcitrant nature of the illness, patients often visit the emergency department and are hospitalized for acute CVS flares. Guidelines on the management of CVS recommend a biopsychosocial approach. Prophylactic therapy consists of tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline), antiepileptics (topiramate), and aprepitant in refractory patients. Abortive therapy consists of triptans, antiemetics (ondansetron), and sedation. Treatment of comorbid conditions is extremely important to improve overall patient outcomes. CVS has a significant negative impact on patients, families, and the healthcare system, and future research to understand its pathophysiology and develop targeted therapies is needed.
Refractory Malignant Eosinophilic Colitis Leading to Ischemic Colitis
Authors: Awad Christina , Bailes Benjamin , Horn Christian , Patel Anish
Published: February 2023

Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is the most uncommon disease within the spectrum of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders. Currently, there are no well-established diagnostic criteria and no approved Food and Drug Administration therapies. We discuss a case of a 30-year-old man with refractory malignant EC leading to ischemic colitis. The patient was tried on multiple therapies, including a combination therapy of benralizumab and vedolizumab, which were unsuccessful. Unfortunately, the patient ultimately required a total proctocolectomy. More studies need to be performed to treat patients with severe refractory cases of EC.
Time pressure review in maintaining audit quality, in Covid-19 pandemic: Psychological perspective
Authors: Wahyudi Purwanto , Suhartono Suhartono , Agung Andi Muhammad , Wawo Andi
Published: February 2023

This study is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach to improve or maintain the quality of audits during the covid-19 pandemic in terms of time pressure taking into account psychological perspective. The results of this study showed that public accounting firm S. Mannan, Ardiansyah and Partners experienced a change in audit work patterns that is before the pandemic was done only directly but in the midst of this pandemic is done by two methods, namely directly and indirectly (remotely). The current audit quality at public accounting firm S.Mannan Ardiansyah, have taken steps to do so and have also followed the instructions and technical directions of online management, then the audit process is also based on the direction of the Indonesian Institute of Public Accountants (IAPI). The time pressure faced by auditors in the midst of the current pandemic give an impact from auditor psychology, this is due to pressures that make auditors have to complete their work in an efficient time but during a pandemic there is evidence collection of audits done online it is vulnerable to errors in auditing.
Revealing the SIDA culture in Manggarai on an accrualbased accounting perspective
Authors: Dawu Leopold Melkiano Triangga , Baso Susana Purnamasari , Moi Maria Odriana Veronica
Published: February 2023

From the point of view of accounting science, the culture of giving donations that causes a form of payment and occurs in community groups can refer to the recognition of transactions called the basis of accounting. The culture of paying between families in community groups has affected the structure of society itself. This study aims to examine the "SIDA" tradition that occurs in Manggarai from an accounting point of view. Manggarai is one of the districts in East Nusa Tenggara, which also has a culture of payment obligations called Sida. This study uses qualitative methods through observation and in-depth interviews with community groups in Manggarai. The culture of sida in this study is sidalaki (donations for wedding events), sidamata (gifts for death events), and sidapenti (donations for thanksgiving events). The results show that the culture of sida, Sidalaki (wedding ceremony donations), sidamata (death event donations), and sidapenti (thanksgiving event donations) in Manggarai, implies accrual-based accounting or accrual basis in the process, namely recognition of obligations, income from the sida.
Fake News in The Alpaquero Textile Business System in Arequipa-Peru During The New Normality
Authors: Jara Ortega Constante Eduardo , Rodríguez Daniel Eduardo Jara
Published: February 2023

In the COVI-19 pandemic, the dissemination of Fake news increased, increasing in the different business sectors, the alpaca textile sector in Peru, to which the Arequipa Region belongs, considered the second city after Lima, is no stranger to this fact. The present study is of a quantitative level of cross-sectional experimental design, the Fake news that is disseminated in the pandemic and the participation of the alpaca business sector of the Arequipa Region are analyzed, the dimensions of production, sales and consumption in the pandemic were taken into account. of the COVI-19. The survey and the interview have been applied as techniques, the instruments being the questionnaire of questions and the interview questionnaire, this work has been carried out in person using the different institutions and people directly related to the study sector , for which executive personnel of institutions that represent the alpaca textile sector have been considered, concluding that 89% receive false information, the personnel representing and directing associations of the alpaca sector have also been considered, concluding that 99% receive false information , in the analysis of the health area, medical personnel and nurses have been considered participant in the care and treatment of COVI-19, who work for the Ministry of Health, concluding that 90% receive false information.
The Influence of the Pandemic on Decisions Occuring During the Last Few Years
Authors: Jarrett Jeffrey E.
Published: February 2023

The notion that present value of cash flows is often improperly estimated in financial models concerning capital improvements and abandonments is a fundamental problem in decision analysis in management and associated decisions and affects estimation of  and valuation of intellectual property. Previous studies indicate the usefulness of estimation theory in financial in financial accounting. During the Covid Pandemic of the past few years decisions by governmental and health authorities in the United States and the World were often dictatated during the Pandemic  by short-term political influences which included disinformation by some who wished to rake advantage of the misuse of  the health Pandemic  for political gain and/or financial power and short-term financial gain. Previously this was  show to be true as the media with the aid of self-promotional activities by many who were attempting this kind of gain. Furthermore  the Pandemic in the United States and other nations is receding in drfamatic ways and many restrictions of the Endemic era are nolonger in use. This was the result of Mask restrictions and increasing but not universal vaccine programs many states and nations.
The Autobiographical Story as an Educational Method: Theory, Authors, and Cases
Authors: Dittus Rubén
Published: February 2023

This paper synthesizes the recent theoretical debate around the relationship that autobiographical writing has with the educational process and its improvements. The evidence indicates that learning based on autobiographical stories for meaningful and active teaching also generates a psychosocial effect from an early identification of difficulties and alerts on the affective level. In a preliminary version, this work was prepared and written by the author as a theoretical framework for the project "Portfolio of autobiographical narratives for the development of writing and socio-affective skills in students entering the Central University of Chile" (2018-2019), in which the researchers Marcela Amaya García, Alejandra Riveros, Rubén Dittus, Georg Unger and Felipe Trujillo participated. The compilation of the bibliographical sources that are presented here are the result of the diligent work of Seidy Zevallos, research assistant. The theoretical reflection was later complemented and collated in the workshops that the team organized with students from the Faculty of Communications based on instruments prepared by Georg Unger, an academic around Psychology, and whose results were published in other documents.
Insecurity in the Middle East: Why Do the Reformist Movements Constantly Fail? Towards a New Conceptual Framework
Authors: Bagheri Dolatabadi Ali , Shafie Seifabadi Mohsen
Published: February 2023

Over the last three decades, the Middle East countries have frequently witnessed popular protests against the authoritarian regimes. The question is why these protests never come to a desirable end? Regardless of the role played by foreign actors in perpetuating the authoritarian regimes of the Middle East, it seems that what causes the protests not to be pervasive and the political infrastructures not to collapse is that the protests have not been supported by the people’s majority. The present article argues that such a dearth of support refers to a fundamental cause that we named the fear cycle. This cycle includes the masses’ fear of the regime, fear of the movement’s failure and its dire consequences, and fear of the political system that is supposed to come to power after the overthrow of the incumbent government. The governments have an important role in creating and perpetuating this fear and turning it into a panic.
The Evolution and Relevance of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) in Shaping the Asylum and Migration Securitization Process in the European Union
Authors: Tomaszewska Sara
Published: February 2023

The aim of the article is to analyze the importance of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency in the ongoing process of securitization of asylum and migration in the European Union countries. Therefore, the paper will attempt to answer the following research questions: how has the evolution of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency’s activities contributed to the ongoing securitisation of asylum and migration in the European Union and can all of Frontex’s core tasks be considered securitisation practices? The article also attempts to attribute Frontex’s main tasks to two types of securitisation practices proposed by Thierry Balzacq: (1) traditional activities that have been implemented to address what are largely perceived as security issues; (2) extraordinary activities, not only in the sense of ‘exceptional’ or ‘illegal’ but more broadly in the sense of ‘unusual’ that is, never before used or rarely used in relation to migration and asylum.
The Smell of Internationality. Towards a Sensual Approach to International Relations
Authors: Gałganek Andrzej
Published: February 2023

The tenet of this article is the conceptualisation of social multiplicity, rather than politics, being the deepest code of internationality as a property of human existence. As a consequence of that understanding of internationality, International Relations (IR) extends beyond dealing with the traditional concepts of politics and economy. All the manifestations of human activity arise in a context of social multiplicity, in which individuals are aware of paths of development separate from their own, and in which ideas, technologies and resources are constantly taken from one social environment and combined with others, in order to produce new and original results. From this perspective, IR concerns nearly everything: multiplicity and identity; multiplicity and sexuality; the interactive life of languages; structures of world literature; the unequal yet connected development of music; international relations of food and cooking; social strategies of dealing with difference, and internationality experienced through the senses.

This article illustrates how olfaction is present in international relations through power relations, olfactory others, the issues of migration and asylum, olfactory travelogy and alternative cultures of smell. The analysis confirms that sensual internationality may show a new aspect in understanding relations between politically organised societies. Sensuality – sensory experience – may be a foundation for a hitherto neglected way of understanding internationality. Sensual IR enables the discipline to return to the everyday life of internationality. It helps us to experience internationality and to dispose of the dominant belief in IR that internationality cannot be seen, or that we do not know where its “inter” is located or what it is.
Historical Development of Cybersecurity Studies: A Literature Review and Its Place in Security Studies
Authors: Tarhan Kamil
Published: February 2023

This study discusses the formation and development of cybersecurity studies since the creation of the Internet. Although the origin of cybersecurity studies dates back to the 1970s, hacking, malicious software, computer intrusions, and espionage attacks that took place in the 1980s led cybersecurity studies to form in the area of computer science. By the 1990s, the Internet began to be used widely, and an increase in the level of attacks in cyberspace began to occur. This period was a major reason for the growth in writing on software and network security. Network security has become a key priority for governments and many industries. Cybersecurity studies have become a priority area in security studies with the increasing complexity of cyber threats towards 2000s. States and some supranational organizations have started to create cybersecurity strategies. The security of critical infrastructure and computer networks has begun to emerge as a high-priority area. It has been observed that the transition from classical security policies to modern security policies, which should be established in the information age, has begun. Cybersecurity studies were taken more seriously after the 2007 Estonian attacks, especially in the 2010s. In this period, the intensity of attacks on critical infrastructures and the occurrence of some physical attacks caused cybersecurity to deepen and become an issue on an international scale. Cybersecurity studies continue to be shaped by being influenced by many different disciplines, regardless of any discipline, with the important discussions and cyber incidents that have taken place in recent years. Therefore, the studies were handled from a multidisciplinary perspective.
The Analysis of Turkish Foreign Policy in Syria: A Neoclassical Realist Perspective
Authors: Karaca Bilal Bahadir , Köksal Berk
Published: February 2023

Since 2011, the Syrian Civil War has become an arena of international competition between regional and global powers. As a dominant regional actor, Turkey has important interests in this conflict. However, although great importance is given to civil war factors and power balances at the field level, Turkey’s internal conditions play a role as well as these externalities. Therefore, an analysis of Turkey’s foreign policy towards Syria from a local perspective is needed to reveal some negligible dynamics. In this direction, this study aims to analyse Turkey’s foreign policy towards Syria, taking into account the interaction between Turkey’s external and internal dynamics within the framework of neoclassical realist theory. Within this scope, we ask “how do Turkish external and internal dynamics explain its foreign policy in Syria?” as the leading search question and conduct our analysis using the explanatory case study method. Based on our findings, we provide a broad perspective on the significant impacts of four main internal factors on Turkish foreign policy, from the start of the Civil War to the most recent “Operation Spring Shield” by the Turkish Army and local Syrian armed groups.
Abraham Accords Against the Backdrop of the Middle East Political Mosaic
Authors: Kosman Michał M.
Published: February 2023

In the second decade of the 21st century, many processes destabilized regional security in the Middle East. These include, first of all, the Arab Spring and the civil war in Syria, in which Russia, the United States, a number of regional powers and many non-state actors were involved. Iran’s nuclear ambitions turned out to be another major challenge, especially after the US withdrew from the JCPOA agreement in 2018. The pro-Israel stance of President Donald Trump’s administration has also strongly influenced the Middle East mosaic of interests. Under these circumstances, in 2020, Israel’s agreements with several Arab states, known as the Abraham Accords, were concluded. The aim of the article is to describe these agreements, analyze their causes and outline their consequences. The author adopted the hypothesis that the Abraham Accords constitute a significant step towards strengthening the acceptance of Arab states for Israel and its strategic interests. In the preparation of the text, the method of document and literature analysis was used primarily.
The Practical Dimension of the Response of Public Security Institutions to Contemporary Terrorist Attacks
Authors: Stelmach Jarosław
Published: February 2023

The research results presented in this publication aim to identify the basic task areas that are critical in the response of public security institutions to contemporary terrorist attacks. Corresponding to the objective of the research process is the research question - what are the key task areas of public security institutions that will be critical in responding to contemporary terrorist acts? The author assumed in the research hypothesis the existence of such key task areas, initially assigning them to organisational, communication, educational and logistical activities. The research described in the text was based on scientific methods in the form of document analysis, case studies and participant observation. The research results obtained became the basis for developing key task areas that should be taken into account in the preparation of solutions for institutional response to contemporary terrorist acts. The results of the research also concern several universal features of contemporary terrorist attacks, which take into account the diversity of methods and tools used in carrying them out.
From Speech Acts to Extraordinary Measures - Securitization and Hybrid Warfare in Iran-Israel Relations
Authors: Grabowski Wojciech
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this article is to investigate Iranian-Israeli relations, which are based on hate speech and hybrid warfare, but can actually be reduced to a struggle for power and domination. In order to legitimize their military actions against an enemy state, both Iran and Israel must securitize the threat, which means they must convince the public that the opposing state poses an existential threat. Hate speech and aggressive rhetoric are used by both countries and represent a subjective perception of a threat, as well as a legitimizing tool to justify extraordinary measures to counter the threats. Appealing to fears and threats and the method of creating an enemy are well-known political strategies that ensure the legitimacy of power.
A nonlinear autoregressive exogenous neural network (NARX-NN) model for the prediction of solvent-based oil extraction from Hura crepitans seeds
Authors: Ajala Olajide Olukayode , Oyelade Joel Olatunbosun , Oke Emmanuel Olusola , Oniya Oluwole Oluwatoyin , Adeoye Babatunde Kazeem
Published: February 2023

Vegetable oils are a crucial source of raw materials for many industries. In order to meet the rising demand for oil on global scale, it has become essential to investigate underutilized plant oilseeds. Hura crepitans seeds are one of the underused plant oilseeds from which oil can be produced via solvent-based extraction. For the purpose of predicting the oil yield from Hura crepitans seeds, the extraction process was modelled using a nonlinear autoregressive exogenous neural network (NARX-NN). The input variables to the model are seed/solvent ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time, while oil yield is the response output variable. NARX-NN model is based on 200 data samples, and model architecture comprises of 3 inputs, 1 hidden layer (with 15 neurons) and 1 output with 2 delay elements. The performance evaluation was carried out to examine the accuracy of the developed model in predicting oil yield from Hura crepitans using different statistical indices. The overall correlation coefficient, R (0.80829), mean square error, MSE (0.0120), root mean square error, RMSE (0.1080) and standard prediction error, SEP (0.1666) show that NARX-NN model can accurately be used for the prediction oil yield from Hura crepitans seeds.
New inertial forward–backward algorithm for convex minimization with applications
Authors: Kankam Kunrada , Cholamjiak Watcharaporn , Cholamjiak Prasit
Published: February 2023

In this work, we present a new proximal gradient algorithm based on Tseng’s extragradient method and an inertial technique to solve the convex minimization problem in real Hilbert spaces. Using the stepsize rules, the selection of the Lipschitz constant of the gradient of functions is avoided. We then prove the weak convergence theorem and present the numerical experiments for image recovery. The comparative results show that the proposed algorithm has better efficiency than other methods.