bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variation in antioxidant activity at two ripening stages of wild mango, Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz., an underutilized fruit
Authors: Mani Bince , Thomas Sinjumol
Published: October 2020

Antioxidant compounds play a significant role in preventing and scavenging free-radicals by reducing oxidative stress and providing protection to humans against degenerative diseases and infections. Obviously, antioxidant molecules of plant origin are pivotal to combat the oxidative harm in cells. Present work intended to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the fruits of Spondias pinnata. Methanol extracts of the fruits at two stages of maturity were prepared and investigated by various antioxidants analyses such as total antioxidant activity, reducing power and radical scavenging assays (DPPH, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide). Its total phenol, flavonoid and tannin contents were also determined. Spondias pinnata fruit extracts exhibited effective antioxidant activity and its IC50 values of the unripe fruits were 65, 66, 72.23, 83.25, 66.75 ?g/ml and ripe fruits were 124.24, 92.50, 97.66, 144.10, 72.25 ?g/ml, for total antioxidant activity, reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays respectively. The extracts, especially unripe fruit extract had good amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid contents which might contribute the antioxidant activities considerably. It is evident from the study that the fruits of S. pinnata possessed potent antioxidant activity and it can be considered as a good dietary choice among the underutilized fruits as well as common fruits. Therefore, wild mango may be a good choice of antioxidants of plant origin for dietary and pharmaceutical uses.
Typha capensis (Rohrb.) N.E.Br. (Typhaceae): morphology, medicinal uses, biological and chemical properties
Authors: Aladejana Elizabeth Bosede , Musara Collen
Published: October 2020

Typha capensis (Rohrb.) N.E.Br. is a robust, monoecious, perennial marshy herb that belongs to the family Typhaceae. The current research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the biological and chemical properties, botany and medicinal uses of T. capensis. Comparative analysis of literature showed that T. capensis is a medicinal plant that has multiple benefits such as food for humans, feeds for animals and medicines to treat various diseases. All the parts including the leaves, seeds, rhizomes and pollen can be used in making decoction to improve male potency and libido, cures genital problems, boosts circulation, enhance female fertility, strengthens uterine contraction in childbirth and facilitates placenta removal. It is also used for the treatment of dysmenorrhea, diarrhoea and dysentery venereal diseases. The plant contains several flavones and phenolic compounds which have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory activity. Scientific studies have shown that T. capensis has a broad range of biological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidants, fertility-promoting effect and apoptosis effect. T. capensis should be subjected to comprehensive phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological assessments projected at assessing its efficacy and safety as herbal medicine.
Environmental compliance and the level of competitiveness of tilapia producers installed in hydroelectric power plants
Authors: Martinelli Raiane Real , Pigatto Gessuir , Queiroz Timoteo Ramos , Bánkuti Ferenc Istvan
Published: October 2020

Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing food sectors in Brazil. Cage fish farming has been widely practiced in the country, mainly in hydroelectric reservoirs. However, different regulatory, technical, and economic challenges may need to be overcome before the sector can achieve increased national and international competitiveness. This study aimed to analyze and compare the competitiveness of tilapia cage farms located on different sides of the Canoas I hydroelectric reservoir, which forms the border between the states of São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil. Structured questionnaires were administered to all fish farmers in the reservoir. Questions about seven competitiveness indicators were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. The results revealed that the major barriers to competitiveness are the institutional environment and environmental sustainability. Paraná has an active environmental inspection service, but São Paulo does not. As a result, tilapia fish farmers in Paraná gave more importance to environmental compliance than those located in São Paulo.
Reverse bullwhip effect: duality of a dynamic model of Supply Chain
Authors: Brito Gabriela Dias , Pinto Pedro Dias , Barros Adriano David Monteiro de
Published: October 2020

This study aims to investigate control strategies for the bullwhip effect based on a dynamic model of the linear supply chain, proposed by Helbing and Lammer (2005), which describes the inventory dynamics and production rates of productive units. We simulated the model for instability and stability conditions defined by mathematical analysis. Through these results, we verified both classical and reverse bullwhip effects associated with instability and stability conditions, respectively. The model revealed a duality once the control strategy proposed by Helbing and Lamer (2005) for the classical bullwhip effect ends up causing a reverse effect, which is equally troubling. In the reverse bullwhip effect, we observed amplification of the production rates in the network chains from the supplier to the customer in a way that the upstream chain was not able to meet the needs of the downstream chain. To withhold both effects, we suggest the dynamic control of the parameters that describe the network based on Helbing and Lammer (2005) model.
Methodological instruments for choosing a strategy for the sustainable development of the region
Authors: Ye Bryukhovetskaya Natalya , Yu Korytko Tetyana
Published: October 2020

The main objectives of this work are the development of methodological instruments for choosing a strategy to ensure the sustainable development of the region. This is a study of methods of survey and in-depth interviews. Methodological instruments have been developed to select the region’s sustainable development strategy in the context of decentralization. The level of financial stability is determined by the integral indicator using multiple regression modeling. The risk of reducing the sustainable development of the region is calculated by identifying credit, political, general economic, socio-demographic, natural-environmental and investment risks by determining the values of losses and the likelihood of risk, followed by making a risk map. It has been suggested selecting the strategy for ensuring the sustainable development of the region on the basis of a matrix that includes the values of the integral indicator of financial stability and the index of risk of losing the sustainable development of the region. With the use of theses methodological instruments, a strategy was chosen to ensure the sustainable development of the region in emergency conditions using the example of a part of the Donetsk region.
Price-forming factors choice grounding at intangible assets with negative depreciation independent valuation/appraising
Authors: Pozdnyakov Yuri Vladimirovich , Zoryana Skybinska , Tetiana Gryniv
Published: October 2020

Independent expert valuation/appraising of intellectual property rights objects, such as brands and goodwill, performed by the Costs approach, is based on economic indicators of these intangible assets utility degree, which are connected with the sum of all expenses, related to appraised asset creation and support. These indicators are used as a primary data for these intangible assets market value determination. All these indexes are differently related to the brand value, and relationship between these parameters researches, indisputably, presents both theoretical and practical interest. Because of the cross-correlation relationship closeness between assets market value and these primary data parameters directly depend estimation results accuracy and reliability. The work is verification of basic hypothesis, in obedience to that at the brands valuation/appraising procedure performing as primary data may be recommended to use those indicator parameters, which are characterized with the closest statistical relationship and, respectively, the highest cross-correlation coefficient. Research is based on fact that these intangible assets are able to change their value characteristics in both directions, and change the annual depreciation sign during the separate periods of economic life, made it positive or negative. The purpose of the article is to define the quantitative estimations of cross-correlation relationship strength between economic parameters, which are used as primary data source in Costs approach, and estimated brand value; to perform the comparative analysis of cross-correlation relationship density between the brand value, appraised as intellectual property object, and these economic parameters, that are used as the main price-forming factors; researching and approbation of methodology, based on this cross-correlation relationship closeness quantitative indexes determination, on the certain examples of brands evaluation. Finally, the main purpose is to set the parameter, for which the correlation coefficient is the highest, and which is most expedient to use as primary data source at economic measurements performing.
Two methods to create free energy
Authors: Petrescu Florian Ion Tiberiu , Petrescu Relly Victoria Virgil
Published: October 2020

Today, the best way to get free energy is nuclear, through fission, and hopefully soon through fusion. The best way to get clean and friendly energy in a sustainable way remains the start of the nuclear fusion reaction at an industrial scale. Nuclear fusion is the combination of two light nuclei in a heavier nucleus. Fusion or thermonuclear reaction of light elements are typical reactions that occur in the Sun and other stars. Indeed, in the Sun, every second, 657 million tons of hydrogen are converted into 653 million tons of helium. The 4 million tonnes missing are then converted to radiation - this phenomenon assuring the sun's shine. A fusion reaction in which a relatively large amount of energy (27.7 MeV) is released is one in which four protons interact leading to the formation of a helium nucleus (an alpha particle). The paper proposes two modern methods of obtaining free energy, one of which is somewhat strange, the capillarity. Until one of the two new ideas proposed, the first for the start of the nuclear fusion reaction, and the second one for the possible construction of capillary power plants in the future, it is still necessary to keep the green energy of any type already existing and nuclear fission.
Antioxidant activity as a response to cadmium pollution in three durum wheat genotypes differing in salt-tolerance
Authors: Pastuszak Jakub , Kopeć Przemysław , Płażek Agnieszka , Gondek Krzysztof , Szczerba Anna , Hornyák Marta , Dubert Franciszek
Published: October 2020

Durum wheat is commonly used in various food industry industries and cultivated worldwide. A serious problem with the species cultivation is its capability to accumulate cadmium (Cd) in the grains. The aim of this study is to investigate whether antioxidant activity may be used as a marker of Cd tolerance in durum wheat. The experiment involved three durum wheat genotypes/lines differing in salt tolerance. The plant response to Cd was appraised based on the activity of ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle enzymes, ascorbate-to-dehydroascorbate ratio, reduced-to-oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH:GSSG), as well as Cd content in the seeds. The highest activity of dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase was noted in control plants of salt-sensitive cultivar “Tamaroi.” In the presence of Cd, activity of these enzymes was considerably reduced. “Tamaroi” plants demonstrated also the highest Cd content in the grain. In conclusion, we identified the cultivar “Tamaroi” as most susceptible to cadmium, and the level of durum wheat sensitivity to the element can be evaluated based on a significant decrease in the activity of AsA–GSH cycle enzymes and GSH:GSSG ratio.
Obstruction to a Higman embedding theorem for residually finite groups with solvable word problem
Authors: Rauzy Emmanuel
Published: October 2020

We prove that, for a finitely generated residually finite group, having solvable word problem is not a sufficient condition to be a subgroup of a finitely presented residually finite group.
The obstruction is given by a residually finite group with solvable word problem for which there is no effective method that allows, given some non-identity element, to find a morphism onto a finite group in which this element has a non-trivial image.
We also prove that the depth function of this group grows faster than any recursive function.
Changing one’s mind: The limits of rationality?
Authors: Ben-Menahem Yemima
Published: October 2020

In this study, I juxtapose the views of Edna Ullmann-Margalit and Menachem Fisch on radical changes of mind. I note in particular the common aspects of their proposal that typically, radical change is not, indeed, cannot be justified by reasons. Their responses to and arguments for this threat to rationality are critically examined. Hili Razinsky’s analysis of ambivalence is shown to contribute to the understanding of change by providing a broader perspective on the rationality of belief. Her work thus provides a promising alternative to the above positions and the impasse they confront.
Ὦ Φαληρεύς: Plato,Symp. 172a
Authors: Allen Archibald
Published: October 2020

Scholarly efforts to detect playfulness in the address to Apollodorus at Pl.Symp. 172a are reviewed and found unsatisfactory. In keeping with the dialogue’s erotic theme and comic spirit, a small supplemental emendation of the address’s Φαληρεύς is proposed to effect a phallic mock-demotic à la Aristophanes, Φαλ<λ>ηρεύς.
Ein Laboratorium des Ausnahmezustands
Authors: Keil André , Stibbe Matthew
Published: October 2020

Der Beitrag untersucht Kontinuitäten im Einsatz von Schutzhaft als Mittel des Ausnahmezustands zwischen 1914 und 1923 mit einem Fokus auf die beiden größten deutschen Staaten, Preußen und Bayern. Er behandelt Schutzhaft nicht nur als juristisches Konstrukt, sondern als einen neuen, experimentellen Raum für exekutives Handeln gegen eine Bandbreite von imaginierten, sowohl sozialen wie politischen „internen Feinden“. Der Beitrag argumentiert, dass Unterschiede zwischen den formalen rechtlichen Ordnungsrahmen bezüglich der Schutzhaft in Preußen und Bayern wenig Auswirkungen auf ihre praktische Anwendung oder ihre politische Zielsetzung hatten. Weiterhin erzeugte die Schutzhaft in beiden Staaten Mentalitäten, die lange nach Ende des Kriegs selbst weiterbestanden und dabei halfen, die gewaltorientierten Fundamente der frühen Weimarer Jahre zu legen. Jedoch sorgten eine Reihe von Kontrollmechanismen – auch im rechtlichen und politischen Bereich – dafür, dass es sich hier nicht um direkte Vorboten des Naziterrors von 1933/34 handelt.
Induction of Short-Term Sensitization by an Aversive Chemical Stimulus in Zebrafish Larvae
Authors: Roberts Adam C. , Alzagatiti Joseph B. , Ly Duy T. , Chornak Julia M. , Ma Yuqi , Razee Asif , Zavradyan Gohar , Khan Umair , Lewis Julia , Natarajan Aishwarya , Baibussinov Alisher , Emtage Jasmine , Komaranchath Meghna , Richards Jared , Hoang Michelle , Alipio Jason , Laurent Emma , Kumar Amit , Campbell C. S. , Stark Rebecca , Carmona Javier , Hussain Anjum , Scaramella Courtney , Husain Jenan , Buck Reed , Jafarpour Ava , Garcia Miguel , Mendoza Steve , Sandoval Gerardo , Agundez Brandon , Fink Amanda , Osadi Felicia , Deutsch Emily , Hernandez Sarah C. , Arisaka Katsushi , Glanzman David L.
Published: October 2020

Larval zebrafish possess a number of molecular and genetic advantages for rigorous biological analyses of learning and memory. These advantages have motivated the search for novel forms of memory in these animals that can be exploited for understanding the cellular and molecular bases of vertebrate memory formation and consolidation. Here, we report a new form of behavioral sensitization in zebrafish larvae that is elicited by an aversive chemical stimulus [allyl isothiocyanate (AITC)] and that persists for ≥30 min. This form of sensitization is expressed as enhanced locomotion and thigmotaxis, as well as elevated heart rate. To characterize the neural basis of this nonassociative memory, we used transgenic zebrafish expressing the fluorescent calcium indicator GCaMP6 (Chen et al., 2013); because of the transparency of larval zebrafish, we could optically monitor neural activity in the brain of intact transgenic zebrafish before and after the induction of sensitization. We found a distinct brain area, previously linked to locomotion, that exhibited persistently enhanced neural activity following washout of AITC; this enhanced neural activity correlated with the behavioral sensitization. These results establish a novel form of memory in larval zebrafish and begin to unravel the neural basis of this memory.
An unusual immune thrombocytopenia case associated with dietary supplements containing 3G (Green tea, Ginseng and Guarana)
Authors: Kocak Mehmet Zahid , Aktas Gulali , Bilgin Satilmis , Duman Tuba T. , Kurtkulagi Ozge , Atak Burcin , Demirkol M. Emin , Yilmaz Elif Bulut
Published: October 2020

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is caused by autoantibodies to platelet antigens. Ginseng, a herbal remedy, inhibits platelet aggregation as well as green tea and guarana. We present a case of secondary ITP due to food supplement that contains ginseng, guarana and green tea, which is not previously reported in medical literature. A 39-year-old man was admitted to our clinic because of 2 days history of oral mucosal hemorrhage and recently developed skin lesions on extensor surfaces of bilateral upper extremity and both ankles. Platelet count was 5,470/mm3. He was diagnosed with secondary ITP, possibly due to herbal supplement contained green tea, ginseng and guarana, which patient was received for 4-5 days about 1 month ago. He responded well to the treatment with methyl prednisolone. Since herbal medicines and dietary supplements have many toxic effects it should be kept in mind that secondary ITP may develop during supplementation with these herbal products.
Modelling of PID Speed Control Based Collision Avoidance System
Authors: M. Keong L. , Jamaludin A. S. , M. Razali M. N. , Z. Abidin A. N. S. , M. Yasin M. R.
Published: October 2020

Nowadays, the vehicle’s accident occurring rate is high in Malaysia especially during the period of festival celebrations. Thus, it is necessary to develop a low cost and high effectiveness collision avoidance system that is affordable for every vehicles. Therefore, this research focus on to design and model a collision avoidance system that can slow down when approaching obstacles. The effectiveness of this collision avoidance system is evaluated based on its effectiveness of slowing down when it is approaching obstacles as well as when there is sudden obstacles appear in front of it. In this research, the collision avoidance system will be tested on a modelling car that is built with robot car chassis. The Arduino Nano is the controller for this system while there are ultrasonic sensor and encoder sensors to detect the obstacle distance and speed of the wheel respectively. The Arduino board will be programmed with PID control algorithm to allow the modelling car to slow down when approaching obstacle and stop before colliding with the obstacles. According to the result obtained, the most suitable PID constants for this collision avoidance system is Kp = 0.7, Ki = 0.7 and Kd = 0.07. The collision avoidance system is sensitive to sudden obstacle as it can stop the modelling car in just 0.3 second when the sensor detect sudden obstacle. To conclude, this collision avoidance system can slow down and prevent the modelling car crashing to the front obstacle while ensuring the safety and comfortable of the passengers.
The Effects of Blended Learning and Project-Based Learning on Pre-Service Biology Teachers’ Creative Thinking Skills through Online Learning in the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yustina Y. , Syafii W. , Vebrianto R.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Blended Learning (BL) and Project-Based Learning (Pj-BL) on the pre-service teachers’ creative thinking in learning biology. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with 76 biology education students as research subjects. In its implementation, the experimental class was taught using the BL and Pj-BL approach, the control class is conventional class. The parameters are creative thinking with 4 indicators. Data was collected using pretest and posttest assessments. Data is presented and analyzed descriptively. The results of the study were overall the average score of creative thinking of pre-service teachers in the experimental class was 91 with an N-gain index of 0.62, higher than in the control class (76) with an N-gain index of 0.51. From the results, it could be concluded that Blended Learning and Project-Based Learning are quite influential in increasing the creative thinking ability of pre-service biology teachers, and BL and Pj-BL is quite more effective than conventional in increasing the pre-service teachers’ creative thinking in biology learning.
Investigating the Purposes of Thought Experiments: Based on the Students’ Performance
Authors: Bancong H. , Song J.
Published: October 2020

The objective of this study is to examine the students’ purposes in conducting thought experiments while solving physics problems. There were 12 pre- and in-service physics teachers as the participants in this study and divided into three groups with four students in each. Physics problem-solving activities were used as a context for observing students’ processes in doing TEs. The results of the data analysis showed that there were three types of purposes of the students in doing the TEs during physics problem-solving activities: prediction, verification, and explanation. Therefore, it can be concluded that in the context of problem-solving, students design and run thought experiments as a creative ability tool to (1) predict solutions to the problem, (2) verify whether their hypothesis is correct or incorrect, (3) provide a detailed explanation to their hypothesis. Based on this study, we discuss the differences and similarities in the purposes of scientists and students in doing thought experiments. The importance and implications of thought experiments for current and future physics teachers are also discussed in the last part of this study
Hak Perempuan dan Kesetaraan Gender dalam Perspektif Filsafat Hukum
Authors: Bangun Budi Hermawan
Published: October 2020

This paper focuses on the origin and development of women’s rights and the principle of gender equality in the perspective of legal philosophy.Women's rights as part of Human Rights were born and developed from thoughts about the importance of protecting and fulfilling the rights of women who belong to vulnerable groups and also to ensure gender equality.Although it has been accommodated in various national and international legal instruments, de facto fulfillment of women's rights must still be ensured by each country.Fulfillment of women's rights in the perspective of legal philosophy seeks to obtain justice as the highest goal of the law itself and ensure the realization of the principle of equality before the law.
Si-Ge whiskers for thermoelectric sensors design
Authors: Druzhinin A.A. , Ostrovskii I.P. , Khoverko Yu.M. , Liakh-Kaguy N.S.
Published: October 2020

The paper deals with studies of thermoelectric properties for Si1-xGex (x=0.01-0.05) whiskers doped with boron during their growth by CVD method. Temperature dependences of the resistance and the Seebeck coefficient for Si1-xGex whiskers were measured in the temperature range 275–550 K. A method for determination of thermoelectric parameters of the whisker was proposed with use of the whisker joints, which allows us to define a ratio of Seebeck coefficient to thermal conductivity a/k. Taking into account the obtained values of Seebeck coefficient, the whisker conductance and estimated values of thermal conductivity, parameter ZT was calculated for the whiskers and consists of 0.15 for T=200oC. The obtained value of ZT is in good coincidence with literature data for hop pressed Si-Ge nanocomposites. The humidity sensor was designed base on Si-Ge whiskers.
Thermo-emf anisotropy and thermoefficiency parameter of the elastically deformed germanium and silicon with different doping levels
Authors: Gaidar G.P.
Published: October 2020

The thermo-emf anisotropy and the thermoefficiency parameter are the most important characteristics that determine the suitability of thermoelectrically anisotropic materials for their practical use. Such characteristics determine the voltage generated by the anisotropic thermoelement, and the second one determines its efficiency coefficient. In this work, the features of changes in the thermo-emf anisotropy and the thermoefficiency parameter of the elastically deformed germanium and silicon crystals at 85 K depending on their doping level were investigated. It was revealed that in the case of a low doping level, the thermo-emf anisotropy of the deformed n-Si crystals exceeds Da of n-Ge crystals more than 4 times. It was shown that a rapid decrease in Da for n-Si is observed with an increase in the doping level. A qualitative similarity is obtained between the changes in the thermoefficiency parameter for elastically deformed germanium and for silicon with an increase in the charge carrier concentration; although in the case of n-Ge the maximum Za is much larger and is achieved at the higher doping level than in the case of n-Si. The results obtained can be useful in calculating effects based on the theory of anisotropic scattering in a wide range of concentrations.
Meep, a Novel Regulator of Insulin Signaling, Supports Development and Insulin Sensitivity via Maintenance of Protein Homeostasis inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Pereira Matthew T , Brock Katia , Musselman Laura Palanker
Published: October 2020

Insulin signaling is critical for developmental growth and adult homeostasis, yet the downstream regulators of this signaling pathway are not completely understood. Using the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, we took a genomic approach to identify novel mediators of insulin signaling. These studies led to the identification of Meep, encoded by the gene CG32335. Expression of this gene is both insulin receptor- and diet-dependent. We found that Meep was specifically required in the developing fat body to tolerate a high-sugar diet (HSD). Meep is not essential on a control diet, but when reared on an HSD, knockdown of meep causes hyperglycemia, reduced growth, developmental delay, pupal lethality, and reduced longevity. These phenotypes stem in part from Meep’s role in promoting insulin sensitivity and protein stability. This work suggests a critical role for protein homeostasis in development during overnutrition. Because Meep is conserved and obesity-associated in mammals, future studies on Meep may help to understand the role of proteostasis in insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes.
ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE FUNCIÓN EJECUTIVA, MADUREZ INTELECTUAL Y CONDICIÓN FÍSICA EN NIÑOS PREESCOLARES
Authors: Latorre-Román P.A. , Lloris-Ogallar E. , Salas-Sánchez J. , García-Pinillos F.
Published: October 2020

El objetivo principal de este estudio fue conocer el perfil evolutivo de la función ejecutiva (FE) y la madurez intelectual (MI) en relación con la condición físico-motora en niños preescolares. Han participado 81 niños, de edades comprendidas entre 3 a 6 años, 44 niños y 37 niñas. Se realizaron pruebas de condición física de fuerza, equilibrio, velocidad, resistencia y tiempo de reacción. Se analizaron las FE y la MI con los test de Laberintos de Porteus y el test de Goodenough respectivamente. En la evolución de las variables cognitivas y de condición física según la edad de los niños, se observan diferencias significativas entre los grupos de edad. La velocidad de desplazamiento junto con la dinamometría manual y el tiempo de reacción son variables que se asocian a las FE y a la MI. Por tanto, existe un paralelismo evolutivo entre el desarrollo de la FE y MI con el desarrollo de la condición física.
VALIDACIÓN DE UN INSTRUMENTO SOBRE CONOCIMIENTO TÁCTICO-OFENSIVO PARA JUGADORES CON DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL
Authors: Muñoz-Cutuli L. , De la Vega-Marcos R. , Díaz-del-Cueto M.
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en construir y validar una herramienta que permita, de forma fiable, evaluar el conocimiento de base de jugadores con discapacidad intelectual leve en aspectos de táctica ofensiva en FS, permitiendo usarlo como evaluación inicial complementaria que guíe el proceso de entrenamiento. El tamaño muestral fue de 68 jugadores (Medad=27; SDedad=9.06 y Mexperiencia=11.78; SDexperiencia=1,29). Los resultados muestran valores adecuados de consistencia interna y de fiabilidad (?=0.64, ?=0.74, ICC=0.64 y test-retest). De manera complementaria, se realizó un análisis cualitativo, mediante una entrevista colectiva a un grupo de expertos, sobre la utilidad del instrumento en esta población de deportistas. Los resultados permiten establecer una sólida base para el empleo de este instrumento en futuros estudios.
CLIMA, ORIENTACIÓN MOTIVACIONAL Y DIVERSIÓN EN FUTBOLISTAS ALEVINES
Authors: Sánchez M. , Sánchez-Sánchez J. , Carcedo R.J. , García J.A.
Published: October 2020

El objetivo fue analizar la influencia de las modalidades fútbol 7 (F7), fútbol 8 (F8) y fútbol 11 (F11) en categoría alevín, sobre el clima y orientación motivacional y el grado de diversión. 377 jugadores (10,91±0,76 años) completaron los cuestionarios PMCSQ-2, POSQ y CDPD. En todas las modalidades se obtuvieron valores altos para clima motivacional orientado hacia la tarea y bajos para el orientado al ego. La puntuación clima motivacional percibido orientado hacia la tarea en F11 fue menor (p<0,05) que en F7 y F8. En la orientación hacia la tarea no hubo diferencias entre modalidades, con valores de orientación al ego en F11 superiores (p<0,05) a F7 y F8. El grado de diversión en las tres modalidades fue alto, siendo en F11 menor (p<0,05) que en F8, sin diferencias entre F7 y F11. Mayor participación puede aumentar la diversión y adhesión a la práctica deportiva, evitando el abandono prematuro del deporte.
Comparison of wood and non-wood market pulps for tissue paper application
Authors: de Assis Tiago , Pawlak Joel , Pal Lokendra , Jameel Hasan , Venditti Richard , Reisinger Lee W. , Kavalew Dale , Gonzalez Ronalds W.
Published: October 2020

A comparison among ten market pulps at a laboratory scale using uncreped tissue handsheets was performed to study the performance of wood and non-wood pulps for tissue manufacturing, evaluate what fiber features are desired for a specific tissue property, and determine how non-wood pulps can be used to replace or complement wood pulps in tissue products. A characterization of the fiber morphology and handsheet properties (softness, water absorbency, and strength) was performed at different mechanical refining levels. The results showed that the fiber morphology had a major impact on tissue properties. Market pulps with a combination of long fibers, high coarseness, and low fines content can provide superior bulk and water absorbency. Short fibers with thin cell walls and low fines content can impart superior softness. Bleached bamboo soda pulp can replace hardwood and softwood pulps to provide an excellent combination of water absorbency and strength. Bleached bamboo soda pulp can also replace Northern bleached softwood kraft (NBSK) pulp to impart strength without sacrificing softness. Bleached and semi-bleached wheat straw soda pulps presented a similar combination of softness and strength as Southern bleached hardwood kraft (SBHK) pulp. The wheat straw pulps can be used to replace deinked pulp (DIP) pulp to impart intermediate levels of water absorbency and strength.
Trends in the Use of Noninvasive and Invasive Ventilation for Severe Asthma
Authors: Smith Alla , França Urbano L. , McManus Michael L.
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To explore and define contemporary trends in the use of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in the treatment of children with asthma.

METHODS:

We performed a serial cross-sectional analysis using data from the Pediatric Health Information System. We examined 2014–2018 admission abstracts from patients aged 2 to 17 years who were admitted to member hospitals with a primary diagnosis of asthma. We report temporal trends in IMV use, NIV use, ICU admission, length of stay, and mortality.

RESULTS:

Over the study period, 48 hospitals reported 95 204 admissions with a primary diagnosis of asthma. Overall, IMV use remained stable at 0.6% between 2014 and 2018 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.3%–1.1% and 0.2%–1.3%, respectively), whereas NIV use increased from 1.5% (IQR: 0.3%–3.2%) to 2.1% (IQR: 0.3%–5.6%). There was considerable practice variation among centers, with NIV rates more than doubling within the highest quartile of users (from 4.8% [IQR: 2.8%–7.5%] to 13.2% [IQR: 7.4%–15.2%]; P < .02). ICU admission was more common among centers with high NIV use, but centers with high NIV use did not differ from lower-use centers in mortality, IMV use, or overall average length of stay.

CONCLUSIONS:

The use of IMV is at historic lows, and NIV has replaced it as the primary mechanical support mode for asthma. However, there is considerable variability in NIV use. Increased NIV use was not associated with a change in IMV rates, which remained stable. Higher NIV use was associated with increased ICU admissions. NIV’s precise contribution to the cost and quality of care remains to be determined.
Efectos del enriquecimiento con N y P sobre la comunidad del fitoplancton en microcosmos de un embalse tropical (La Mariposa, Venezuela)
Authors: González Ernesto J , Ortaz Mario
Published: October 2020

Para evaluar el efecto del enriquecimiento con nutrientes sobre la comunidad del titoplancton del embalse La Mariposa (Venezuela), se establecieron microcosmos "in situ" durante 6 días. Los microcosmos consistieron en bolsas de polietileno con 10 l de agua epílimnética filtrada del embalse, sometidos a diferentes combina-ciones de enriquecimiento con fósforo y nitrógeno, para así simular un proceso de eutroticación. Se determinaron las concentraciones de clorofila 'a', la concentración de nitrógeno total y fósforolotal y la proporción numérica de los diferentes grupos del fitoplancton. Como consecuencia del enriquecimiento de nutrientes, se produjo un aumento en la biomasa del fitoplancton, siendo las respuestas más pronunciadas en los tratamientos donde ambos nutrientes estaban presentes. Los grupos Cryptophyta, Euglenophyta y PYITophyta desaparecieron de los microcosmos fertilizados al finalizar el período de estudio, mientras que las Chlorophyta y las Cyanobacteria aumentaron sus proporciones relativas. Las diatomeas disminuyeron su proporción relativa a altas concentraciones de nitrógeno. Aunque la técnica del microcosmos tiene limitaciones en su signiticado ecológico, permite obtener una valiosa aproximación para entender lo que OCUlTe en las situaciones naturales.
In vitro organogenesis in Albizia guachapele, Cedrella odorata and Swietenia macrophylla (Fabaceae, Meliaceae)
Authors: Valverde Cerdas Lisette , Dufour Magali , Villalobos Víctor
Published: October 2020

Regeneration of adventitious buds was achieved from hypocotyl explanls of Albizia guachapele (Guayaquil) and Cedrella odorata (Spanish cedar), and from epicotyl explants from Swietenia macrophylla (Honduran Mahogany). Seeds were obtained from CATIE's Latin American Fores! Seed Bank and genninated under aseptic conditions .. Four explants were cultured in each Petri dish on half strength modified Murashige and Skoog basal medium, and five concentrations of BA (benzyladenine) were studied; A. guachapele and S. macrophylla responded positively lo the presence of BA in the culture medium. Otherwise, Cedrella odorata requíred media supplemented with citokinin and auxin combinations lo induce adventitious buds.
Cryptobiota associated to dead Acropora palmata (Scleractinia: Acroporidae) coral, Isla Grande, colombian Caribbean
Authors: Moreno-Forero Silvia K , Navas S. Gabriel R , Solano O David
Published: October 2020

La criptobiota de diez fragmentos coralinos muertos de A. palmata, de 10 dm3 cada uno, cubiertos de algas filamentosas, se colectó en abril de 1991en la cresta arrecifal de Isla Grande (Caribe colombiano). Se halló tres grupos: 1) móviles epi bentónicos asociados a las algas filamentosas y conformados princi-palmente por microcrustáceos; 2) microcriptobiontes perforantes, ubicados en la capa intermedia entre los organismos epi líticos y el esqueleto del coral y3) macrocript6bíontes que perforan todo el cuerpo del esqueleto coralino (principalmente poliquetos, sipunclÍlidos, moluscos y crustáceos). No se encontraron diferencias en la composición de los macrocriptobiontes que habitan los corales en posición de vida y los fragmentos caídos sobre el fondo. Se presentó una amplia variación en biomasa total, tipo y densidad de rnacrocriptobiontes, posiblemente asociada a factores estocásticos tales como la ubicación y grosor de las ramas, y variaciones del reclutamiento a pequeña escala.
Los equinodermos (Echinodermata) del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Pacífico de México
Authors: Cintra Buenrostro Carlos E , Reyes Bonilla Héctor , Arizpe Covarrubias Oscar
Published: October 2020

A systernatic list of the echinoderrns from Cabo Pulmo reef, Pacific coast of México (23.5° N), is presented. Data were obtained from field surveys (1986 to 1993), and comp1emented with 1iterature searches. A total of 38 species have been reported at Cabo Pulmo, but only 25 of them were actual1y observed in the reef during our visits. This finding suggests that cornmunity structure and composition have changed in important ways since 1943, date of the first reports of echinoderrns for the locality.
Macrobenthic invertebrates as food for a penaeid shrimp pond farm in Brazil
Authors: De Paiva Paulo Cesar , Machado Cunha da Silva José Roberto
Published: October 2020

El macrobentos de estanques de cultivo de Penaeus subitilis y Penaeus schmitti se estudió en la costa nordeste de Brasil durante 12 semanas. El poliqueto Laeonereis culveri (2 433 indl0.1m2) y el anfípodo Grandidierella bonnieroides (2 726 indiO. 1m2) fueron intensamente depredados .por los peneidos. Ningún individuo de G. bonnieroides sobrevivió más de seis semanas: en el tiempo restante L. culveri, que también puede reclutarse en el periodo, fue el principal recurso natural alimenticio disponible
Lista de algas del Area de Protección Yum Balam, Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Díaz-Martín M A , Torres-Mejía E , Espinoza-Avalos J
Published: October 2020

A checklist on benthic marine algae of the Yum Balam Reserve, Quintana Roo, México, is presented. All species are "new records" for the area because this is the first study for the locality, 122 taxa were identified, 55 are speCies. Df Rhodophyta, 44 Chlorophyta and nine Phaeophyta. Batophora oerstedii v. occidentalis, Halodictyon mirabile, Hypoglosslim involvens and Polysiphonia ramentacea are new records for the Yucatán Península
Population dynamics of Brachionus calyciflorus (Rotifera: Brachionidae) in waste water from food-processing industry in Mexico
Authors: Arévalo Stevenson Raymundo Alfredo , Sarma S SS , Nandini S
Published: October 2020

Se usó aguas de desecho de la industria de la masa y la tortilla (aguas de nixtamal o nejayote) para crecer rotíferos de agua dulce, Brachionus calycijlorus. El nejayote sin dilución no permitió el desarrollo del rotífero. Sin embargo, cuando se diluyó, B. calycijlorus aprovechó la materia orgánica. El agua de desecho por sí misma (sin alimento algal adicional) fue comparable al agua con densidades del alga Chlorella de 2 X 106 células m¡-I. Concentraciones de nejayote por encima del 8% no permitieron el crecimiento poblacional. Sin embargo, la presencia de alga permitió el desarrollo del rotífero a concentraciones de 8% y 16%. Nuestros hallazgos indican que el nejayote puedo ser utilizado de manera efectiva para la producción de rotíferos a gran escala para la acuacultura.
Moluscos de la expedición del RIV Edwin Link en las costas del Caribe mexicano
Authors: González Norma Emilia
Published: October 2020

A checklist of marine mollusc species mainly from deep-water localities off Mexican Caribbean shores is pre­ sented.Samples were obtained with a mechanical arm in 2-307 m during the. expedition of (hé RIV "Edwin Link", August 1990; the listinclud¡:s 59 species of Oastropoda, 17 species of Bivalvia, tbree species of Scaphopoda and three species of Polyplacophóra.
Crecimiento y ciclo reproductivo de Polymesoda radiata (Bivalvia: Corbiculidae) en Costa Rica
Authors: Ruiz Campos Eleazar , Cabrera Peña Jorge , Cruz Rafael A , Palacios José A
Published: October 2020

A populationof green clam, Polymesoda radiata was sampledfromAugust 1992 through J uly 1993 in Bebedero river, Guanacaste, Costa Rica (n= 978) fOI demographic data. Mean Yalúes(followed by ranges) were: shell length 32.29 ± 7.63 min (6.9-44.10 mm).
Corals and coral reefs of the Puerto Angel region, west coast of México
Authors: Reyes-Bonilla Héctor , Leyte-Morales Gerardo E
Published: October 2020

Se presentan datos sobre la riqueza de especies y las características de tres arrecifes de coral de la región de Puerto Angel, México (15° N), visitados en 1994 y revisados en seis censos visuales de una hora, conducidos hasta 6 m de profundidad. Se encontró un total de siete especies en el área (pertenecientes a cuatro géneros), siendo la más abundante Pocillopora damicomis (L., 1758). Las especies de este género fueron las principales constructoras de la estructura arrecifal en los sitios visitados. Los corales masivos fueron poco comunes, y habitaban principalmente en la base de los arrecifes. Por la presencia de una estructura arrecifal bien cementada y una zonación clara, los arrecifes de franja de Puerto Angel deben ser considerados entre los mejor desarrollados de la costa del Pacífico de México. Un evento de mortalidad coralina y posterior recolonización fue observado en esta visita. Sin embargo, no se determinó cuál fue su causa.
The Frankliniella curiosa spedes group (Thysanoptera: Tbripidae)
Authors: Johansen Roberto M
Published: October 2020

Ihis is a review of the Mexican species Frankliniella curiosa Priesner, together with the description of eight new Mexican related species. Ihe outstanding morphology of antennal segment III in the adults, with a ventral projected and curved beak (which covers the pedicel), is an exclusive and typical character, which allows their separation into a new and different species group in !he genus . Sorne other morphological characters divide the group in four species assemblages. Illustrations of!he head, antennae, thorax and abdomen of each species are included.
Población y uso de hábitat del venado de páramo Odocoileus lasiotis (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) en Venezuela
Authors: Molina Misael , Arias José H
Published: October 2020

Direct observations of Paramo's white-taí1ed deer were made along transecl in the Mucubají area (Parque N acional Sierra N evada, Mérida, Venezuela). Sex ratio was two does per buck. Group composition varied with time of year and reproductive condition. The reproductive cycle was similar to that of lhe white-tailed deer from the Costa Rican dry Pacific region. Acti vity was maximum between 9 - 11 h and 15 - 17 h, and minimum al night. The deer feed on 13 species of vascular plants. (five families), and one of mushroom (Boletaceae: Agaricales). Fifteen plant species were used for shelter. Territory delimitation and signs for social communication were made primarily on gymnosperms (Cupressus and Pinus). Most deer were observed in terrain with slopes under 20% where the more complex and diverse vegetation associations exist.
Parasitismo de Thyca callista (Gastropoda: Capulidae) sobre Phataria unifascialis (Asteroidea: Ophidiasteridae) en el Golfo de California, México
Authors: Salazar Adríana , Reyes Bonilla Héctor
Published: October 2020

El parasitismo en organismos marinos ha sido muy estudiado enla región del Pacífico mexicano, sobre todo en referencia a parásitos internos de especies q e moluscos y peces comerciales. Sin embargo, las investigaciones sobre parásitos externos, o sobre aquellos que inciden en especies sin importancia comercial son escasos
Copulation, fighting behavior and life cyele of Neopamera bilobata (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)
Authors: Rodríguez S. Rafael Lucas
Published: October 2020

Durante una cópula de Neopamera bilobata, el macho cortejó a la hembra con sacudidas verticales de su cuerpo, y ella lo empujó con sus patas posteriores. Dos machos pelearon una vez con sus patas delanteras, las cuales tienen el fémur engrosado y con espinas. Una hembra depositó 2.2 huevos/día, y las ninfas tardaron 10-I 2 días en eclosionar. Un macho y una hembra criados en el laboratorio vivieron por 52 y 45 días, respectivamente.
Compared gametophytic development of threespecies of Phlebodium (Polypodiaceae, s.str.)
Authors: Pérez-García Blanca , Riba Ramón , Mendoza Aniceto , Reyes J. Irma
Published: October 2020

Una comparación del desarrollo del gametofito de Phlebodium araneosum, P. pseudoaureum y P. decumanum fue hecha. Las esporas fueron sembradas en agar con sales minerales. Similitudes en el tipo de germinación y desarrollo protálico fueron observadas. Los gametofitos adultos fueron cordiforme-espatulados a cordiforme-reniformes; losgametangios son del tipo común de los helechos Ieptosporangiados. Las tres especies muestran caracteristicas morfogenéticas del gametofito similares y no añaden caracteristicass adicionales que apoyen la distinción entre Phlebodium, Polypodium, Microgramma y Niphidium, por lo que se refiere a la fase sexual.
Bird predation on nest of a social wasp in Brazilian cerrado
Authors: Barros Henriques Raimundo Paulo , Torre Palma Alexandre Ramlo
Published: October 2020

Birds are rarely observed preying upon wasps' nests (Bertoni 1911, Rau 1941, AIvarez del Toro 1950, Skutch 1959, Windsor 1976). Many of the observations are recorded in tropical forest on nests of Polybia and Metapolybia. In this note we present the first observations on the predation by the curIcrestedjay (Cyanocorax cristatellus) upon the nest of a social wasp (Apoica pallens) in cerrados of Central Brazil.
Nuevo ejemplar de Cuvieronius hyodon(Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) del Pleistoceno de Costa Rica
Authors: Acuña Mesén Rafael , García-Díaz Elmer
Published: October 2020

A lower mastodont molar was found in Nacaome river, Nicoya, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. It is a Pleis- . tocene specimen of Cuvieronius hyodon .C. hyodon and Haplomastodon waringi, mountain and savanna mastodonts respectively, have been found in the same place. This evidence and the dental morphology suggest that they were seasonaly simpatric species with different alimentary niches. Probably H. waringi fed on savanna or prairie plants (very ligneous with high silíca concentration, e.g,Cyperaceae) whereas C. hyodon consumed sQfter plants (the enamel is less damaged).