bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of age-dependent gene-expression in
human tissues for diabetes comorbidities.
Authors: guzzi Pietro Hiram , Cortese Francesca , Mannino Gaia Chiara , Pedace Elisabetta , Succurro Elena , Andreozzi Francesco , Veltri Pierangelo
Published: January 2023

The study of the relations of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disease with other pathologies (comorbidities) together with patient age variation poses a challenge for medical research.
There is evidence that patients affected by T2DM are more likely to develop comorbidities as they grow older. Variation of gene expression can be related to changes in T2DM comorbidities insurgence and progression. Understanding gene expression changes requires the analysis of large heterogeneous data at different scale as well as the integration of different data sources into network medicine models.
Hence, we designed a framework to shed light on uncertainties related to age effects and comorbidity by integrating existing data sources with novel algorithms. The framework is based on the integration and analysis of existing data sources under the hypothesis that changes in the basal expression of genes may be responsible of the higher prevalence of comorbidities in older patients.
Using the proposed framework, we selected genes related to comorbidities from existing databases, then analysed their expression with age at the tissues level. We found a set of genes that changes significantly in certain specific tissues over time. We also reconstructed the associated protein interaction networks and the related pathways for each tissue. Using this mechanistic framework we detected interesting pathways related to T2DM whose genes change their expression with age. We also found many pathways related to insulin regulation and brain activities, which can be used to develop specific therapies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that analyses such genes at the tissue level together with age variations.
Integrated health-related phenotype by Polygenic Risk Scores stratifies risk population for all-cause mortality: A cohort study based on UK Biobank
Authors: Zhao Renjia , Liu Zhenqiu , Zhu Dongliang , Xie Yijing , Yuan Huangbo , Yuan Ziyu , Xu Kelin , Zhang Tiejun , Jiang Yanfeng , Chen Xingdong , Suo Chen
Published: January 2023

Background
Genetic predisposition is a key factor that influences individuals’ risk of multiple health-related outcomes. Genome-wide association studies examine each susceptibility variant's association but usually neglect the combined effect. We aimed to establish a Polygenic Risk Score (PRS), which could quantify genetic contribution for various phenotypes. Subsequently, we assess the association between the genetic surrogate marker and the lifespan utilizing UK Biobank data.
Results
Sex (HR: 1.73, 95% CI = 1.68-1.77), smoking status (HR: 1.78, 95% CI = 1.73-1.83) and BMI (HR per SD: 1.05, 95% CI = 1.04-1.06) were associated with all-cause mortality. iPRS achieved a dose-effect relationship and risk stratification, the highest iPRS with any BMI level could increase from 1.23-1.90 times mortality risk than normal weight population. The same goes for smokers, mortality risk increased from 38 % to 178% due to different genetic predispositions.
Conclusion
We have evaluated the survival probability of all-cause mortality at the genetic level prediction ability of iPRS. It can be an auxiliary instrument for stratifying risk factors with demographic or behavior exposure.
One-year outcomes of trabeculotomy with 120°, 180°, or 360° Schlemm’s canal incision for primary open-angle and exfoliation glaucoma
Authors: Mori Hidetsugu , Yamada Haruhiko , Chihara Tomoyuki , Yoshida Hideyuki , Kaga Ikuko , Oba Shimpei , Takezawa Ryusuke , Takahashi Kanji
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To investigate the surgical outcomes of trabeculotomy ab interno/externo with cataract surgery in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) in a 12-month follow-up study.
Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 95 patients (121 eyes) with POAG or XFG who underwent trabeculotomy ab externo with a metal probe (M-LOT), ab interno with a Kahook Dual Blade® (K-LOT), or ab interno with a 5-0 nylon suture (S-LOT) between January 2015 and October 2022. Within these treatment groups, we assessed intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of IOP-lowering medications, the incidence of postoperative complications including hyphema with niveau and transient IOP spikes, and success rate using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.
Results: Median IOP was significantly reduced from baseline (p < 0.05) in the three patient groups, but the number of IOP-lowering medications was only significantly reduced in the M-LOT group. Kaplan–Meier cumulative survival analyses showed a lower success rate for K-LOT. M-LOT had the lowest incidences of hyphema and IOP spikes while S-LOT showed the highest incidences of these.
Conclusions: M-, K-, and S-LOT had different surgical outcomes during the 12 months of follow-up, with M-LOT showing the fewest complications. These results will aid in choosing the most suitable trabeculotomy strategy for patients with POAG and XFG.
Bayes Classification using an approximation to the Joint Probability Distribution of the Attributes
Authors: Hosein Patrick , Baboolal Kevin
Published: January 2023

The Naive-Bayes classifier is widely used due to its simplicity and accuracy. However, it fails when, for at least one attribute value in a test sample, there are no corresponding training samples. This is known as the zero-frequency problem and is typically addressed using Laplace Smoothing. Laplace Smoothing does not take into account the statistical characteristics of the neighborhood of the attribute values of the test sample. Gaussian Naïve-Bayes addresses this but the resulting Gaussian model is formed from global information. We propose an approach that estimates conditional probabilities using information in the neighborhood of the test sample. We no longer make the assumption of independence of attributes and consider the joint probability distribution conditioned on the given class. We illustrate the performance on datasets taken from the University of California at Irvine Machine Learning Repository and demonstrate that the proposed approach is simple, robust and outperforms standard approaches.
Analysis and dynamical transmission of tuberculosis model with Treatment effect by using Fractional Operator
Authors: Farman Muhammad , Malik Shahid Mehmood , Akgül Ali , Salamat Nadeem
Published: January 2023

Each year, millions of people die from the airborne infectious illness tuberculosis (TB). Several drug-susceptible (DS) and drug-resistant (DR) forms of the causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), are currently common in the majority of affluent and developing nations, particularly in Bangladesh, and completely drug-resistant strains are beginning to arise. In this study, we developed fractional order tuberculosis model with fractal fractional operator by using generalized mittag-leffler kernel. By demonstrating characteristics such the boundedness of solutions, positivity, and the reliance of the solution on the original data, the biological well-posedness of the mathematical model formulation was investigated for TB cases of 2002 to 2017 in KPK Pakistan. Ulam-Hyres stability is also used to assess both local and global aspects of TB bacterial infection. Sensitivity analysis of the TB model with therapy was also examined. The advanced numerical technique is used to find the solution of the fractional-order system to check the impact of fractional parameters. Simulation highlights that all classes have converging qualities and retain established positions with time which shows the actual behavior of bacterial infection of TB. By examining the non-integer order with integer orders we find a better comparative result to maintain the position of non-integer order.
Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of the disposable endoscope for endoscopic rubber band ligation of internal hemorrhoids: A prospective randomised controlled trial
Authors: Xu Wen , Xia Guili , Li Laihe , Cao Ge , Yan Xianhuan , Dong Ling , Zhu Ying
Published: January 2023

Purpose

We aimed to compare not only the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic rubber band ligation (ERBL) for treating grade II-III internal hemorrhoids using disposable endoscopes versus reusable endoscopes, but also maintenance cost of them.

Method

This was a prospective randomised controlled trial with 42 patients who underwent ERBL for grade II-III internal hemorrhoids using either a disposable endoscope (n = 21) or a reusable endoscope (n = 21). Safety was assessed by postoperative infection rate, in-procedure vital stability, and incidence of device-related adverse events. Effectiveness was assessed by endoscopic image clarity, flexibility, matching between the endoscope and surgical instrument, and therapeutic effect. Cost accounting of maintenance was also estimated.

Results

In terms of safety, although neutrophil count on a postoperative day (POD) 1 in the disposable endoscope group was significantly higher than in the reusable endoscope group (P = 0.008), no patients in either group had a postoperative infection. No life-threatening events, equipment failure or device-related adverse effects occurred during the procedures in either group. In terms of effectiveness, image clarity (P = 0.599) and endoscopic flexibility (P = 0.057) were mildly inferior in disposable endoscope group, but no significant differences were found. Matching between the endoscope and ligating device was 100% in both groups. The therapeutic effects on POD 30 were similar in both groups (P = 0.611). The maintenance cost of reusable endoscope was 214.74RMB per case when disposable endoscope was 0.

Conclusion

Compared with reusable endoscopes, disposable endoscopes are equally safe, feasible, and reliable in ERBL for internal hemorrhoids, and maintenance cost can be totally saved.
Clinical trial registration was completed (ChiCTR2200060014) on May 14, 2022.
Evaluation of long short-term memory versus recurrent neural networks for demand forecasting in supply chains
Authors: Kim Jae-Dong , Lee Jun-Guel , Han Sung Won
Published: January 2023

Supply chain management is used in both the private and public sectors to meet the needs of consumers while maximizing the economic profitability of an organization. However, in the public sector, military logistics focuses on combat readiness, unlike the private sector, which seeks to maximize profits. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain an appropriate supply level to keep state-of-the-art combat weapon systems operational. Spare parts comprise a large proportion of the equipment maintenance costs. Therefore, several companies have consistently attempted to strike a balance between the cost and supply of spare parts by improving the demand forecasting accuracy. Because the demand for spare parts fluctuates based on equipment requirements, accurate demand forecasting is critical. Fortunately, the recent accumulation of maintenance data has led to more opportunities to improve the demand forecasting accuracy.
Clinical study of intraoperative real-time measurement in predicting successful removal of stone fragments during retrograde intra-renal surgery
Authors: Hao Yichang , Li Xin , Ta Pengfei , Liu Ke , Liu Yuqing , Wang Binshuai , Xiao Ruotao , Xu Lifang , Guo Wei , Xiao Chunlei , Zhang Shudong
Published: January 2023

Purpose
To investigate the application value of intraoperative real-time measurement in retrograde intra-renal surgery (RIRS), and to analyze the clinical characteristics of perioperative stones and the factors affecting the efficient removal of stone fragments.
Methods
In RIRS a total of 67 extraction procedures of stones were retrospectively analyzed. Flexible ureteroscopy with 8.4F URF P-5 (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) and UAS with F12/14 navigator HD (Boston Scientific, Natick, Ma, USA) were employed intraoperatively. Judge the region of stone fragments in the field of vision, which is divided into the region within 1/3 of the diameter, 1/3 to 1/2, 1/2 to 2/3 and more than 2/3. Record whether the stone fragments can be removed through UAS. The size of stone fragments was determined by the electronic caliper. Analyze the surgical video images, and measure the relative endoscopic horizontal size (REHS) and the relative endoscopic maximum size (REMS) of stones and record whether the stone fragments can be removed through UAS.
Results
All operations were successful, and 67 extraction procedures of stones were performed, with 48 cases in the passable group and 19 cases in the non-passing group. The success rate of stone fragments removal in each region was 93.3% in 1/3 region, 86.8% in 1/3 to 1/2 region, 8.3% in 1/2 to 2/3 region and 0% in more than 2/3 region. That is, 88.7% of the stones located in 1/2 region were successfully removed. Comparing the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) of REHS and REMS, the area under the curve (AUC) of REHS was 0.895 (95% CI: 0.796–0.956), and the AUC of REMS was 0.797 (95% CI: 0.681–0.885); The difference of AUC between the two methods was 0.0981, the Z-statistic was 1.137, P = 0.02555, and the predictive value of REHS was higher than that of REMS. And then the ROC curve of REHS was analyzed. The maximum cutoff value was 0.47, AUC is 0.895 (sensitivity 78.9% and specificity 89.6%). According to the clinical application value of real-time intraoperative measurement, 0.50 was selected as the actual cutoff value, with the AUC 0.811, P < 0.0001 (sensitivity 68.4% and specificity 93.7%). According to the REHSS cutoff value of 0.5 (namely "one-half principle"), the factors that prevent stones from being removed include irregular stone shape, irregular grasping of stones by the stone basket, poor position of the ureteral channel sheath, and hard stone texture and so on.
Conclusion
When the stone basket is utilized for real-time measurement during flexible ureteroscopy, it is possible to determine efficiently and reliably that stone fragments are removed through UAS with the REHS maximum cutoff value of 0.5, namely "one-half principle". This approach of prediction is anticipated to increase operation effectiveness, shorten operation duration, and increase stone removal rate.
Effects of Intravascular Photobiomodulation on Insomnia, Muscle Soreness, and Biochemistry Profiles: An Eight-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Lin Yen-Po , Ding Ruei-Sian , Yin Chun-Hao , Chen Yao-Shen , Chen Jin-Shuen , Chang Shin-Tsu
Published: January 2023

Background
Existing reviews indicate that insomnia and muscle soreness are usually managed pharmacotherapeutically. However, pharmacotherapy can lead to numerous side-effects. The non-drug strategy intravascular laser irradiation of blood (iPBM) has been advocated to improve blood circulation and blood cell function to relieve insomnia and muscle soreness symptoms. Therefore, we assessed whether iPBM improves blood parameters and compared drug use before and after iPBM therapy.
Methods
Consecutive patients who received iPBM therapy between January 2013 and August 2021 were reviewed. The associations between laboratory data, pharmacotherapies, and iPBM therapy were retrospectively analyzed. We compared patient characteristics, blood parameters, and drug use within the three months before first treatment and the three months after last treatment. We also compared the changes before and after treatment in patients who received ≥ 10 and 1‒9 iPBM treatments.
Result
We assessed 183 eligible patients who received iPBM treatment. HGB and HCT significantly increased after treatment in both the ≥ 10 and 1–9 iPBM treatment groups (HGB p < 0.001 and p = 0.046; HCT p < 0.001 and p = 0.029, respectively). Pharmacotherapy analysis revealed no significant differences in drug use before and after treatment; though drug use tended to decrease after iPBM.
Conclusion
iPBM therapy is an efficient, beneficial, and feasible treatment that increases HGB and HCT. While the results of this study do not support the suggestion that iPBM reduces drug use, further larger studies using symptom scales are needed to confirm the changes in insomnia and muscle soreness after iPBM treatment.
Differences in lipid and blood pressure measurements between individuals with type 1 diabetes and the general population
Authors: Varkevisser RDM , Mul D , Aanstoot HJ , Wolffenbuttel BHR , Klauw MM van der
Published: January 2023

Background:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a precarious complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Alongside glycaemic control, lipid and blood pressure (BP) management are essential for the prevention of CVD. However, age-specific differences in lipid and BP between individuals with T1D and the general population are relatively unknown. We therefore compared total-, LDL-cholesterol, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in individuals with T1D and the general population.
Methods:
Cross-sectional data from individuals with T1D visiting six outpatient clinics in the Netherlands were compared to a background population without diabetes from the Lifelines cohort, a multigenerational cohort from the Northern Netherlands. Descriptive statistics were calculated stratified by age group, sex and medication use.
Results:
In total 2,178 individuals with T1D and 146,822 without diabetes were included in this study. Total- and LDL-cholesterol were lower and SBP and DBP were higher in individuals with T1D in comparison to the background population. When stratified by age and medication use, total- and LDL-cholesterol were lower and SBP and DBP higher in the T1D population. Males with T1D achieved lower LDL-cholesterol levels both with and without medication in older age groups in comparison to females. Females with T1D had up to 8mmHg higher SBP compared to the background population, this difference was not present in males.
Conclusion:
Lipid and BP measurements are not comparable between individuals with T1D and the general population and are particularly unfavourable for BP in the T1D group. There are potential sex differences in the management of LDL-cholesterol and BP.
A probabilistic knowledge graph for target identification
Authors: Zeng Jianyang , Liu Chang , Xiao Kaimin , Yu Cuinan , Lei Yipin , Lyu Kangbo , Tian Tingzhong , Zhao Dan , Zhou Fengfeng , Tang Haidong
Published: January 2023

Early identification of safe and efficacious targets is crucial to alleviating the tremendous cost of drug discovery projects. However, existing experimental methods for identifying new targets are generally labor-intensive and failure-prone. On the other hand, computational approaches, especially the machine learning-based frameworks, have shown remarkable application potential in drug discovery. In this work, we propose Progeni, a novel machine learning-based framework for target identification. In addition to fully exploiting the known heterogeneous biological networks from various sources, Progeni integrates literature evidence about the relations between biological entities to construct a probabilistic knowledge graph. Graph neural networks are then employed in Progeni to learn the feature embeddings of biological entities to facilitate the identification of biologically relevant target candidates. A comprehensive evaluation of Progeni demonstrated its superior predictive power over the baseline methods on the target identification task. In addition, our extensive tests showed that Progeni exhibited high robustness to the negative effect of exposure bias, a common phenomenon in recommendation systems, and effectively identified new targets that can be strongly supported by the literature. Moreover, our wet-lab experiments successfully validated the biological significance of the top target candidates predicted by Progeni for melanoma and colorectal cancer. All these results suggested that Progeni can identify biologically effective targets and thus provide a powerful and useful tool for advancing the drug discovery process.
Magnetic Memory Signal Analysis Method Based on Information Fusion
Authors: Wang YiBo , Ma ShiBo , Zhen-Kai Mu , Wei Wang , Yan HuaJun , Zhang ShuangJie
Published: January 2023

In order to analyze the tensile stage of the sample by magnetic memory detection technology, a variety of information entropy is introduced to process and analyze the magnetic memory signal. The information entropy of the magnetic signal under different tensile loads was calculated, and used as a criterion to judge the state of the tensile sample. An information fusion strategy coupled with Dempster synthesis rule was proposed to improve the accuracy and reliability of the state recognition. Based on the Dempster synthesis rule and D-S evidence theory, a state identification algorithm was developed by using Matlab software, which can easily obtain the deformation state of different regions on the sample surface. The experimental results show that the data analysis method can quickly and accurately judge the tensile stage of the sample.
In vitro model of brain endothelial cell barrier reveals alterations induced by Plasmodium blood stage factors
Authors: Pais Teresa F. , Penha-Gonçalves Carlos
Published: January 2023

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe neurological condition caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Disruption of the brain-blood barrier (BBB) is a key pathological event leading to brain edema and vascular leakage in both humans and in the mouse model of CM. Interactions of brain endothelial cells with infected red blood cells (iRBCs), and with circulating inflammatory mediators and immune cells contribute to BBB dysfunction in CM. Adjunctive therapies for CM aim at preserving the BBB to prevent neurologic deficits. Experimental animal and cellular models are essential to develop new therapeutic strategies. However, in mice, the disease develops rapidly, which offers a very narrow time window for testing the therapeutic potential of drugs acting in the BBB. Here, we establish a brain endothelial cell barrier whose disturbance can be monitored by several parameters. Using this system, we found that incubation with iRBCs and with extracellular particles (EPs) released by iRBCs changes endothelial cell morphology, decreases the tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), increases the gene expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and induces a significant reduction in transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) with increased permeability. We propose this in vitro experimental setup as a straightforward tool to investigate molecular interactions and pathways causing endothelial barrier dysfunction and to test compounds that may target BBB and be effective against CM. A pre-selection of the effective compounds that strengthen the resistance of the brain endothelial cell barrier to Plasmodium-induced blood factors in vitro may increase the likelihood of their efficacy in preclinical disease mouse models of CM and in subsequent clinical trials with patients.
The public debt of Ukraine in the economic development policy in the war and post-war periods: Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Filatova Hanna , Voytov Sergiy , Polishchuk Yevheniia , Dudchyk Oksana
Published: January 2023

Public debt can attract funds to finance public needs and stabilize the country’s economic development. This study aims to analyze the relationship between public debt and economic development considering the war actions in Ukraine. This paper uses bibliometric analysis, comprising in-built Scopus and WoS instruments, VosViewer, and Google Trends tools. The overall results show the close relationship between public debt, economic development, and war (armed conflict) concepts. The publications were examined according to key features: containing the keywords from the green and red clusters; covering the period 2015–2018 and 2022; and discussing public debt in Central and South-Eastern Europe. This improved the theoretical and methodological approach to the bibliometric analysis of public debt. Moreover, the study identified risks (based on selected scientific publications) to which the primary attention should be paid during the war and post-war periods in Ukraine: currency and demographic risks. Key recommendations were provided to ensure debt security during the war and post-war periods. However, the given recommendations should be implemented within the framework of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine, which would improve the credit rating and reliability of the state.
Cascade Proportional Derivative Controller For A Flexible Link Robot Manipulator Using The Bees Algorithm
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Mehmet Sefa , ÇAKAN Abdullah , KALYONCU Mete
Published: January 2023

In this study, a flexible robot arm model and the design of its controller are introduced. The robot arm consists of a single flexible link. It is desired to control the circular position of the robot arm and the vibration of the tip point. Cascade proportional derivative controller was used to control the position and reduce the tip vibration. Controller gains were found using the bees algorithm. The weighted function of system responses such as settling time, maximum overshoot, steady-state error is used as a performance criterion while searching for the best parameters. In addition, controller gains were obtained with the genetic algorithm to evaluate the working performance of the bees algorithm. It has been observed that the Cascade PD controller, whose gains are optimized by the bees algorithm, successfully controls the flexible robot arm system and reduces the vibration of the tip point.
Coding Program Selection Using Spherical Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy and Pythagorean Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Processes
Authors: TEPE Serap
Published: January 2023

Today, coding is not a field that belongs only to software developers; it has become a field of interest to many people from different professions. The coding education designed for elementary school level resulting from the changes made in the curriculum has led to teaching analytical thinking to children. Deciding the most suitable software for children among all the options is an important issue. This paper aims to extend the classical Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and look at the spherical fuzzy analytical hierarchy (SF-AHP) method to show its applicability to the problems of coding software program selection for children through a comparative analysis using Pythagorean AHP (PF-AHP). After performing the analysis by using the proposed method, it was found that technological facilities, diversity, cost and environmental conditions were the most critical factors according to SF-AHP and PF-AHP methodologies. According to these criteria, the educational programming platform ‘Tynker’ was determined to be the best alternative using both these methods.
Implementation of Fuzzy Linear Programming Approach for More Accurate Demand Forecasting in a Make-to-Stock Company
Authors: TEKE Çağatay
Published: January 2023

Demand forecasting is of crucial importance for make-to-stock companies because product demand is uncertain and it changes with time. Fuzzy linear programming (FLP) can be an optimum approach for such uncertain situations. In this study, the FLP model was used for more accurate demand forecasting in a make-to-stock company. Demand forecasting study was carried out according to the FLP method and linear programming (LP) method. Solutions of FLP and LP were compared in terms of imputed shortage cost, inventory carrying cost, and net profit. Results show that the applied FLP method is more advantageous than LP as it provides a 67% decrease in costs and a 15% increase in net profit.
Characterization of Flavonoids Profiles in Polar Extracts from Croton grewioides Baill. Using Ultra-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Authors: do Nascimento Pedro , Prado Vilma , de Jesus Raphael , da Silva Wenes , Wisniewski Jr. Alberto , Sá Filho José , Blank Arie , de Souza Daniel , Wartha Elma , Nogueira Paulo , Moraes Valéria
Published: January 2023

Research to identify plant bioactive compounds led to the evolution of extraction methods. This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to extract the flavonoids of Croton grewioides Baill. species contributing to characterize the polar extract profile and understand the antioxidant potential of these plant constituents. The use of experimental design and statistical treatments enabled the determination of the ideal conditions for each technique. The extracts of five accessions of C. grewioides were obtained under the optimized extraction conditions and were analyzed using ultra high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-Orbitrap MS) operating at negative ionization mode for flavonoids detection. The accurate experimental mass obtained to the main compounds was used to attribute the molecular formula. Chemical structures of the main compounds detected were proposed using structure data bases. Chemometric analysis were performed with two FT-Orbitrap MS spectra samples using the identified metabolites and, the antioxidant activity data, showing that for this species the MAE was most effective in extracting the antioxidant compounds. It was possible to propose the structures for forty compounds in the C. grewioides extracts, demonstrating the excellent performance of the FT-Orbitrap MS in providing information on the chemical profile of polar compounds in plant extracts.
Analytical Interference with Contrast Agents in Genetic Test Result for Thrombophilia
Authors: Oz Ozlem , Gonel Ataman
Published: January 2023

Background:

Diagnostic and therapeutic drugs can change the laboratory results of patients by
interfering with the measurement method and may compromise diagnostic efficiency. Incorrect results in
biochemical tests used in the clinical follow-up of a patient during treatment may lead to improper applications.
Unfortunately, this situation leads the clinician to misdiagnosis.

Objective:

The focus of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the effects of three different radiopaque
substances commonly used in the clinic on thrombophilia molecular genetic results.

Methods:

Peripheric blood samples from three patients whose thrombophilia panel was planned to be
studied were included. Blood samples that did not contain any radiopaque material or distilled water were
studied as a control group. Except for the control group four different study groups were formed by adding
distilled water, Ioversol, Fluorescein Na, and Gadobutrol. This radiopaque substances were added at a
ratio of 1/10 to each patient's blood sample before DNA isolation. Prothrombin G20210A, MTHFR
C677T, MTHFR A1298C, Factor V Leiden G169A and PAI-1 4G/5G mutations were studied by Real
Time-PCR method.

Results:

There was no change at the thrombophilia panel results in the study groups compared with the
control groups in patients 1 and 3. In patient 2, there was no change when the result of MTHFR C677T
was compared to the results of blood+DW and blood+Gadobutrol. But there were alterations in
blood+Ioversol and blood+Fluorescein Na samples; the result of heterozygous MTHFR C677T was observed
to change to homozygous MTHFR C677T.

Conclusion:

This study showed that Ioversol and Fluorescein Na could change the results of the thrombophilia
genetic analysis for MTHFR C677T mutation. It should be kept in mind that the results of the
thrombophilia panel analysis may change after the injection of radiopaque substances.
Evaluation of Microbiological Culture and Antibiogram of the Patient
with Corneal Ulcer due to Exposure Keratitis in the Intensive Care Unit
in Sina Farshchian Hospital (2019-2020)
Authors: Eslami-Ghayour Anahita , Taher Abbas , Eslami Fatemeh , Ghasemibasir Hamidreza , Irani Amin Dosti , Eslami-Ghayour Arash
Published: January 2023

Background:

Since patients admitted to the intensive care unit have a compromised immune
system and are more prone to infection than other patients, timely diagnosis and treatment of
corneal ulcers among this group of patients can prevent vision loss. Therefore, it is necessary to treat
eye infections and corneal ulcers promptly and economize prohibitive costs.

Objective:

Appropriate treatment with the most effective antibiotic before the answer is available to
prevent corneal ulcer complications and blindness.

Methods:

This study was conducted from November 2019 to November 2020 and after approval by
the ethics committee of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences with the code of ethics:
IR.UMSHA.REC.1398.716. First, the corneal secretions of 121 patients admitted to the intensive care
unit of Sina Hospital are prepared by an ophthalmologist (after anesthetizing the cornea with tetracaine
drops and sterile swabs) and culture in four growth mediums (blood agar, chocolate agar, thioglycolate,
and EMB). Microbial cultures are examined after 48 hours and a fungal culture is examined
one week later. Disc diffusions are placed in positive microbial cultures. Antibiotic susceptibility or
resistance of the antibiogram was recorded. Other demographic data, including patients' age and sex,
are extracted from ICU files. Also, test results and patient identifications are recorded in a checklist
designed for this purpose.

Results:

Of all the antibiotics used against common bacteria, vancomycin (84%), colistin (80.43%),
cefazolin (80%), and levofloxacin (60%) had the highest sensitivity and gentamicin (93.75%),
ceftazidime (86.42%) Erythromycin (85%) had the highest resistance against isolated bacteria.

Conclusion:

The data obtained from this study showed that the most common microorganisms in the
age group under the age of 30 years were Acinetobacter Baumannii, in the group of 30-60 years old
was Klebsiella pneumonia, and age group over 61 years old was Staphylococcus aureus, and the most
sensitive antibiotics in the age group under 30 years were vancomycin and levofloxacin and the age
group30-60 were colistin and vancomycin and in the age group over 61 years were vancomycin and
cefazolin.
Traditional Drugs Originating from Selected Medicinal Plants: An Intervention
for Anaemia
Authors: Chalotra Rishabh , Dhanawat Meenakshi , Maivagna Chamasse Homary , Gupta Sumeet
Published: January 2023

Background:

Anaemia is the most common disease that affects mostly females and children
and is most prevalent in developing countries. Among various causes sickle cell anaemia is
one of them, which is a cause of concern. Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) causes problems like blockage
of blood flow, causing pain, and fatigue and also leads to death.

Objective:

With the advancement in science, diseases that were once considered unable to cure can be
stopped or prevented and, in some cases, also be cured. As current therapies for the treatment of sickle
cell anaemia are limited, like blood transfusions, bone marrow transfusions, etc., a non-surgical method
where plant extracts or compounds were found effective in stopping, preventing, and in some cases reversal
of SCD. In this review, we tried to gather information about those plants and compounds.

Method:

Numerous surveys in the literature were performed to determine the plants which have
shown their potential against SCD. Relevant peer-reviewed publications were searched through various
databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, etc.

Results:

A total of more than 50 medicinal plants such as Acacia catechu, Alchornea cordifolia,
Anchomanes difformis, Khayase negalensis, Terminalia catappa, etc., have been identified based on
their potential against SCD, and 15 compounds such as Butylurea, Glyceraldehyde, Potassium cyanate,
urea, etc., have also been identified which could work against SCD. These plants acting on
sickle cell anemia on various pathways are also discussed.

Conclusion:

In this review, an approach was made to study those plants which have an effect
against SCD, with proper mechanisms and compounds that show potency against this disease. So
that better treatment options could be available for future generations.
PENGARUH TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN DAN KUALITAS AUDIT TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PAJAK
Authors: Niluh Maharani Safitri  , Subroto Bambang
Published: January 2023

The study aims to analyze the effect of corporate governance and audit quality on tax aggressiveness. The corporate governance incorporates the elements of institutional ownership, managerial ownership, independent commissioners, and audit committee. The population of this study consists of all companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2019 and 2020 including 454 observable samples selected through purposive sampling technique. This study utilized the secondary data from the financial statements and annual reports of all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2019 and 2020, analyzed by multiple linear regression utilizing application of Statistical Product and Service Solution version 25. The results indicated that tax aggressiveness can be reduced by increasing audit quality and managerial ownership. Meanwhile, tax aggressiveness was not affected by institutional ownership, independent commissioners, and audit committee. This study implies that increasing the number of managerial ownership and the quality of external audits alleviates tax aggressiveness.
Tourism and Economic Growth: Evidence from ASEAN countries
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Indriani Devi
Published: January 2023

Tourism has become an important sector in the economy over recent decades, but the impact of tourism on economic growth is still debated. The purpose of this paper is to investigates the long-run relationship between tourism and economic growth in ASEAN countries as well as the causal linkages between them. This study uses panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (panel ARDL) and data from the World Tourism Organization and the World Development Indicator. The results suggest that tourism has significant and positive impact on economic growth in the long run. Furthermore, the results also indicate that there is bidirectional causality between inbound tourism and economic growth.
recuperación internacional de niños, niñas y adolescentes en Ecuador y la carencia de un procedimiento judicial para sustanciarlas
Authors: Dávila Álvarez Julia , Zuleta Sánchez Andrea
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo busca determinar la falta de un procedimiento expedito para atender los procesos judiciales cuyo objeto de la controversia sea la recuperación internacional de niños, niñas y adolescentes, en los dos escenarios posibles, esto es, el Ecuador como estado requerido; o, como estado requirente. En primera instancia se analizó la normativa legal vigente que contempla la recuperación internacional de niños, niñas y adolescentes, así como, la necesidad de que previamente se haya establecido la tenencia a favor de uno de los progenitores. A continuación, se revisaron si los procedimientos contemplados en el Código Orgánico General de Procesos COGEP, podrían ser considerados idóneos para atender esta clase de procedimientos judiciales, tomándose en consideración la urgencia y emergencia que se les debe dar, así como la posible situación de riesgo en la que pudiesen estar los niños, niñas y adolescentes que son separados de uno de sus padres, sin autorización del otro. Finalmente, se cotejará si la normativa actual guarda armonía con la convención sobre los aspectos civiles de la sustracción internacional de menores, instrumento internacional aprobado por el Ecuador; para de esta forma determinar que la carencia de un procedimiento expedido contraviene a lo determinado en dicha convención, a efectos de cumplir con todos los parámetros determinados en líneas anteriores, los métodos a emplearse son: el teórico – jurídico,  exegético – jurídico y método jurídico comparado, así como, métodos empíricos: encuestas y entrevistas.
Sistema de información web para la gestión de participantes del programa “Años Dorados” del Municipio del cantón Samborondón
Authors: León Miranda Ángelo , Colina Vargas Alejandra , Espinoza Mina Marcos
Published: January 2023

Hoy en día es necesario que los sistemas de información ayuden a los procesos tanto en el sector privado como público. El presente trabajo plantea el desarrollo de un sistema de información web como ayuda a la gestión y control de los participantes del programa municipal “Años Dorados” del Municipio del cantón Samborondón. Se comenzó con una investigación preliminar de reconocimiento de las actividades que se llevan a cabo en el referido programa municipal, asimismo, la evaluación de los aspectos técnicos y operativos necesarios para desarrollar la solución tecnológica planteada. En la elaboración del sistema se empleó la metodología de desarrollo de software denominada RUP (proceso racional unificado), tomando sus tres primeras fases. La fase de inicio, que permitió identificar los requerimientos funcionales y no funcionales la fase de elaboración, y tercera de construcción del sistema de información web. Para terminar, se evaluó la funcionalidad del sistema de información web mediante pruebas de caja negra y métricas de calidad basadas en el estándar ISO/IEC 25010. El sistema de información web desarrollado respondió de forma exitosa al requerimiento de ejecución de los procesos de forma digital, proporcionando un mayor control, y la posibilidad de asistencia en la toma decisiones con información precisa y relevante.
Estrategias agroecológicas para una agricultura sostenible
Authors: Aguilera Peña Roberto
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las estrategias agroecológicas como una alternativa para la sostenibilidad de la agricultura campesina afectada en la rentabilidad ambiental, social y económica por las prácticas agrícolas impuestas por la revolución verde desde las primeras décadas del siglo XX. La agroecología como disciplina científica nace como un instrumento que a través de sus principios pretende transformar los sistemas agrícolas actuales y al mismo tiempo fortalecer los sistemas agroalimentarios para hacerlos sostenibles combinando la producción agrícola, la preservación y regeneración de los recursos naturales con una dimensión global. Para alcanzar estos objetivos la agroecología se fundamenta en varios  principios entre ellos  mejorar la fertilidad de los suelos, preservar la biodiversidad y los paisajes, aumentando la productividad de las fincas, mejorando las condiciones de vida de la familia campesina,  proporcionando alimentos de calidad nutricional y analizar de manera simple los impactos de la agricultura convencional  proponiendo que la academia reoriente las investigaciones y los proyectos de desarrollo agrícola a la resolución de los problemas de las comunidades campesinas.
Defunciones fetales como problema o naturalidad de la madre
Authors: Calderón Cisneros Juan , Raffo Babici Vilma , Parrales Muñiz Anahis , Alvarado Ronquillo Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

En este documento se encuentra las diferentes causas de una defunción fetal de la categoría P000 donde, fetos y recién nacidos se encuentran afectados por la condición materna que no está relacionado obligatoriamente con el embarazo, mostrando de igual manera como dos de las causas de la primera categoría son provocadas por el propio ser humano, pero no son estas las que mayor número de significación tienen en la tasa de mortalidad del embrión en su totalidad. Se detalle como el mal cuidado y los problemas psicológicos pueden afectar a la madre. De esta manera se desglosará el significado de la defunción fetal conocido también como la muerte fetal y por consiguiente los datos numéricos que presenta el ecuador de nacidos vivos y defunción fetal. Se presenta causas muy conocidas ya sean estas que transmiten de madre al feto por enfermedades contraídas antes del embarazo o como aquella afección materna que se van desarrollando durante el embazado. Se desarrolla como en diferente de los casos, lo más riesgoso es su tratamiento que deben ser tomados sin objeción y no abandonados para la buena gestación del embrión.
Factores que contribuyen al aumento de la delincuencia en la ciudad de Guayaquil
Authors: Orellana Batallas Fabián , Alfonso Caveda Duniesky
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad detallar las posibles soluciones a la problemática planteada. En este caso, es el aumento en los índices delincuenciales en la ciudad de Guayaquil.  Para el efecto, se toma en consideración bases teóricas con relación a los temas que serán introducidos dentro de la misma, para facilitar la comprensión del lector. El objetivo es establecer los principales factores que son considerados como un detonante para el aumento de hechos delictivos. La sociedad debe concientizar acerca de la importancia del cumplimiento de las leyes, fortaleciendo la teoría preventiva y represiva. La sustentación del análisis será en base a la información recolectada a través de la ardua investigación, junto con la implementación de un método cuantitativo y cualitativo.  La aplicación del enfoque mixto logrará determinar los motivos por los cuales se produce una gran incidencia de delitos dentro de la ciudad de Guayaquil. La postura del grupo se inclina hacia la probabilidad de que el aumento de hechos delictivos tiene relación con las oleadas inmigratorias que han surgido en los últimos años dentro de la ciudad materia de estudio.
Gestión del trabajo metodológico en la universidad agraria de La Habana: Una estrategia para su perfeccionamiento
Authors: Hidalgo Bárcenas Norlán , González Perdigón Saily , Lombillo Rivero Ideleichy
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de este artículo fue proponer una estrategia que contribuya al perfeccionamiento de la gestión del trabajo metodológico en la Universidad Agraria de La Habana y favorezca el logro de los objetivos de la organización relacionados con el proceso sustantivo de formación de pregrado. La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva y se sustentó en un enfoque cuantitativo- -cualitativo. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico, empírico, así como los métodos matemáticos - estadísticos que se complementaron con la técnica de triangulación. En las fases de planificación y exploración se hallaron las limitaciones que caracterizaron la situación problemática. La sistematización de los referentes teóricos condujo a la determinación de los nexos entre el perfeccionamiento de la gestión del trabajo metodológico en la Educación Superior cubana y la preparación de directivos y docentes. El estudio diagnóstico realizado, mediante la triangulación de fuentes, evidenció las fortalezas y debilidades en la gestión del trabajo metodológico en el contexto de indagación y apuntó hacia la búsqueda de una vía de solución científica que es, en esencia, una estrategia. La significación práctica se centró en la aplicabilidad del resultado científico propuesto y la prioridad que para el Ministerio de Educación Superior y para la institución de referencia posee esta temática.
Ética pública: herramienta pendiente de la lucha anticorrupción en el Ecuador
Authors: Chagcha Solis Carlos , Perez Barral Osmany
Published: January 2023

En la actualidad, en el Ecuador se han presentado diversos casos de corrupción, que han afectado el desarrollo económico, social, político y cultural, evidenciándose en procesos judiciales de elevadas cuantías que se sustancian en contra de funcionarios públicos. Con lo cual, el Estado tiene la necesidad de fortalecer las herramientas para la lucha anticorrupción. Es por ello, que el estudio centra su objetivo en analizar el comportamiento de la ética pública como herramienta eficaz para la lucha anticorrupción en el Ecuador, con la finalidad, de valorizar los principios morales, personales y profesionales en el verdadero sentido del ejercicio del servicio público. Esto permite, minimizar los actos de corrupción en la gestión pública. En este sentido, la metodología empleada es de tipo descriptiva – explicativa, con carácter deductiva con un enfoque cualitativo apoyado en el análisis de fuentes documentales e información bibliográfica, mismas que, a través de una serie de operaciones intelectuales permiten establecer criterios específicos. Determinándose así, que la aplicación correcta de la ética pública, constituye una herramienta importante en la lucha anticorrupción en el servicio público; con el propósito, de lograr un prominente desarrollo económico, político, social y cultural.