bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Study on Formaldehyde Emission of Composite Floor and Activated Carbon Adsorption on Formaldehyde
Authors: Hao Jian Chao , Liu Hui Fen , Wei Dong Ling , Shi Li Jun , Li Jun Li , Xu Chuan
Published: May 2011

The relationship between formaldehyde emission and time was researched and a mathematical model was developed which describes the variation of formaldehyde with time in the airtight chamber. It was found that high quality composite floor was in line with 0-order kinetic equation and low quality composite floor was in line with 1-order kinetic equation. Besides, the effect of activated carbon adsorption on formaldehyde was studied and the result showed that activated carbon had poor adsorption on formaldehyde for weak van der waals force.
Experiment and Mechanism on Characteristics of Coalbed Methane Adsorption Affected by Water
Authors: Zhao Dong , Feng Zeng Chao
Published: May 2011

In order to investigate on diversities of existing condition of coalbed methane in same stratum and various moisture content states, raw coking and meager coal have been adopted and a series of experimental equipments for fixed volume adsorption have also been designed. Further dealing with analyses of adsorption velocities, capacities or mechanisms, six different moisture contents of 1# coking and 2# meager cylinder block coal samples have been chosen separately to engage in the typical experiments of coalbed methane adsorption. From the adsorptive experiments, the existing condition of coalbed methane in the real stratum has been illustrated. The results showed that: a) at the same initial gas injection pressure, the adsorption velocities are decreased with the increased of moistures. Gas pressure declines are 22 and 16 times of moisture content 0% than the saturation moistures separately. b) The simulation results of coalbed methane adsorption capacities followed by moistures are linear of 1# and nonlinear of 2# separately. c) At the different moistures, time effect characteristics of adsorption capacity is logarithmic and would not be getting to equilibrium state until undergoing 12 hours or even more. Also simulative constant values are disaffinity in different coal degrees. d) By ways of the analyses in basis of experimental results on adsorptive mechanism between gas and water, the adsorbability of coalbed methane affected by water is related to macro fractures distribution on the surface of coal samples.
Thermal Performance Research of Thermal Recovery Unit for Air-Conditioning Systerm
Authors: Li Yong An , Wang Ting Ting , Liu Xue Lai , Xing Teng
Published: May 2011

This document established a three-dimensional laminar mathematical and physical model which describes heat transfer, mass transfer coupling process in wet thermal recovery unit for air-conditioning systerms, based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. In addition, the research discussed the distributions of pressure, temperature, concentration and other parameters in the air channels. The heat transfer performance was analyzed by enthalpy efficiency. The results showed that the structural parameters of wet thermal recovery unit for air-conditioning systerm played important influence in the heat transfer performance and flow drag performance. The research set a foundation for the optimal design of wet thermal recovery unit for air-conditioning systerm.
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method and Application of Slope Stability
Authors: Wu Li Ming , Wang Zi Jian
Published: May 2011

Establish a nonlinear membership function of slope stability taking the case of six different sliding blocks on a typical slope and do a second class fuzzy comprehensive evaluation on the determinate membership. Comparing the result of stability evaluated with former result determined by extension classified method, it shows that it is basically conforming to evaluate slope stability using membership function which is established according to the changing rules of impact factors of slope such as quality of rock, massiveness of rock mass and dip angle of rock. This method can be referential in a qualified sense for the forecasting and preventing of landslide disasters.
Simulation on Resistance Characteristics of Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Equipment
Authors: Li Yon Gan , Chen Hua Min , Liu Xue Lai , Luan Wei Tao
Published: May 2011

Through carried out computer simulation analysis on air-to-air energy recovery equipment，the analysis research mainly aims at pressure drop characteristics among the factors which influence the core of the heat exchanger，the results show that：as the plate spacing, plate width, plate height, as well as changes in a secondary air inlet velocity core，all of them will have different effects on the air-to-air energy recovery unit of the resistance loss, which is useful to air-to-air energy recovery unit to optimize the design.
Performance of a Split-Type Air Conditioner with Natural Refrigerant R1270 to Replace R22
Authors: Chen Jian Bo , Li He , Ji Chao Yang , Xi Ling
Published: May 2011

A natural and environment friendly refrigerant propylene (R1270) is proposed as a substitute of R22 in the residential air conditioner. The experiments on the cooling performance of the air conditioner with R1270 and R22 were respectively conducted on an existing enthalpy potential bench, during the degree of superheating keep constant and refrigerant charge directly on the conditioner, also the effect on system performance in the condensing temperature was tested, it is founded that the cooling capacity of R1270 air conditioner was 96% that of R22 air conditioner while the COP of the former increased, and the refrigerant charge amount of R1270 was 56.8 % lower than R22.
Study on Indoor Thermal Comfort of Heating System with On-Off Valve Regulation
Authors: Yang Hua , Sun Shu Hui , Qi Cheng Ying , Xia Guo Qiang
Published: May 2011

The indoor thermal comfort labels for the heating system with on-off valve regulation has been proposed by Fanger’s PMV/PPD. Experiments were conducted to investigate the thermal comfort of heating system with on-off valve regulation in point to the living habits and clothing situation of residents in North China. The computational fluid dynamic (CFD) software AIRPAK was adopted in the evaluations. The indoor airflow distribution, PMV of different transient heating process were simulated. The indoor human comfort and changes were analyzed and compared. It was found that the indoor thermal comfort is satisfactory for the heating system with on-off valve regulation.
Study on Indoor Thermal Comfort of Civil Building in Xi’an
Authors: Di Yu Hui , Wang Zhan Bo , Wang Li Duan
Published: May 2011

For the study of human thermal sensation in Xi'an and adaptive thermal comfort situation, the measurement of environmental parameters and questionnaires as the way to analyze and explore the indoor and outdoor weather conditions, clothing thermal resistance, thermal sensation and so on. This paper studies human thermal sensation within the civil construction and thermal neutral temperature relationship changes with the seasons. The results showed that: the study of adaptive thermal comfort, human neutral temperature and outdoor ambient temperature has a strong correlation, the resulting models in Xi'an.
Reliability Assessment of Combined Heating System Using Quota Heating Coefficient
Authors: Wang Hai Chao , Zou Ping Hua , Jiao Wen Ling
Published: May 2011

The operation reliabilities of heating systems are always of great importance. As to the reliability assessment of a combined heating system with peak load compensation in the secondary heating network, it is suggested to use reliability ensuring coefficient based on quota heating coefficient rather than traditional reliability criteria. It is clear that the reliability ensuring coefficient S is capable of assessing the reliability of combined heating system in the most critical condition. Besides, peak load heat sources in secondary heating network can backup the primary heating network and augment the reliability to a certain extent.
Study on Three-Dimensional Wind Field Characteristics of Thunderstorm Microbursts Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Ji Bai Feng , Qu Wei Lian , Li Yan , Wang Yi Fei , He Zhong Shan
Published: May 2011

Thunderstorm microbursts, which are sources of extreme wind loadings in nature, have caused numerous structural failures, especially collapses of transmission tower around the world. It is important to study wind field characteristics of thunderstorm microbusts from the perspective of wind-resistant design. In this paper, the three-dimensional wind field characteristics of thunderstorm microbursts were studied using computational simulation method. Firstly, the three-dimensional wind field of microburst was computational simulated using time-filtered Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) numerical computational method. Then, the three-dimensional wind field characteristics including the wind distribution of wind velocity at different heights, the wind contours at lower altitude positions were studied in detail. The results indicate that the three-dimensional wind field of microbursts winds presents quite different characteristics at different heights and radial positions.
The Test Study on Fracture Mechanism and Reinforcement Pattern of Backfill Roof under High Stress
Authors: Wang Xiao Jun , Zhao Kui , Lei Qiang
Published: May 2011

The roof is cemented backfill in underhand drift cut-and-filling stopping, stability of cemented fills is the key to safety of mining. Through numerical simulation test, simply supported beams subjected to uniform was considered mechanical model of backfill roof. and failure modes of backfill roof was found through physical modeling experiment. The results show that the failure of backfill roof is first happening from the center at the bottom of backfill, the final result is that falling arch. Based on the the result of the experiment, finally, The reasonable reinforcement pattern was proposed to avoid failure of backfill roof.
Study on Residual Splitting Tensile Strength of HFCC after High Temperature
Authors: Jia Fu Ping , Cheng Yong , Sun Yi Bing , Wang Yin Yu , Sun Hao
Published: May 2011

This paper presents the results of the splitting tensile strength of high fly ash content concrete (HFCC) after high temperature and analysis the degraded rules of the residual splitting strength subjected to high temperature and the replacements of cement by fly ash. The specimens were prepared with three different replacements of cement by fly ash 30%, 40% and 50% by mass and were tested after exposure to high temperature 250, 450, 550 and 650°C and room temperature respectively, compared with ordinary Portland cement concrete. The results showed that the splitting tensile strength sensitively decreased with the high temperature increased. Furthermore, the presence of fly ash was effective for improvement of the relative strength. The relative residual splitting strength of fly ash concrete was higher than those of ordinary Portland cement concrete except 30% fly ash replacement. Based on the experiments results, the alternating simulation formula to determine the relationship among relative residual strength, high temperature and fly ash replacement is developed by using regression of results, which provides the theoretical basis for the evaluation and repair of HFCC after high temperature.
Earthquake Impact on the Sewage Treatment Plant and Emergency Measures
Authors: Wang Xiao Yun , Fu Ai Min
Published: May 2011

Sewage treatment plant from the pre-treatment unit, biological treatment unit, sludge processing units and related facilities for the earthquake discussed the impact of disasters on the wastewater treatment plant, gives the corresponding contingency measures. Made the transition phase of the wastewater treatment measures in order to provide domestic wastewater treatment plant to develop preventive measures earthquake reference.
Investigation of Wind-Resistance Reinforcement for a Sculpture
Authors: Li Yu Chun , Sun Ke Feng , Wang Zhuang , Zhou Zhi Yong
Published: May 2011

The sculpture is a special structure. The wind-resistance issue of such a special structure is easily ignored by structural engineers. In this paper, the wind-resistance problem of a real sculpture ‘water-drop’ is investigated by wind tunnel test and theoretical analysis. The results show the original sculpture structure has severe wind-resistance defects. According to these defects, some reinforcing measures for the structure are put forward and put into execution. After the structural modification, the sculpture ‘water-drop’ has been hit by typhoon two times and now stands without any damage. Finally, a workflow is summarized for the wind-resistance appraisal and reinforcement of the existing structures.
Temperature Field Calculation and Analysis within Steel Tube Reinforced Columns
Authors: Xu Lei , Liu Yu Bin
Published: May 2011

Theoretical models to calculate the temperature field steel tubes reinforced columns are proposed by finite element program in this paper. The theoretical results are validated by test results, and they have a good agreement. Using the theoretical models, the influencing laws of temperature rising time; section perimeter; steel reinforcement ratio and sectional core area ratio on temperature field are further discussed. It has been found that the surface temperatures of steel tube reinforced columns increase obviously with temperature rising time, and the temperatures of steel tubes and core concrete increase slowly. The effects of sectional dimension and sectional core area ratio on temperature field are significant, but steel ratio has very little effect on temperature both of steel tube and of sectional center. These achievements make it possible to study further theoretical study on the mechanic performance of steel tube reinforced concrete columns in fire.
Study on Fast Prediction Model of Seismic Economic Loss Based on GA-ANN Macroscopic Vulnerability Method
Authors: Li Jing , Cheng Kun , Chen Jian Yun
Published: May 2011

It is well-known that seismic disaster will cause serious damage, so the prediction and evaluation of seismic loss before earthquake event happened can provide foundation of disaster reduction program. And after seismic event happened, it is very important to fast evaluate the seismic disaster loss. Traditional seismic loss prediction method is vulnerability list method which need detailed information about all kinds of structures and facilities of the evaluated areas, and for most areas, it is very difficult to get such detailed information. This paper brings forward a new simple fast prediction method for seismic economic loss. Firstly, a macroscopic vulnerability model was discussed. secondly, a three-layer BP network model for seismic economic loss prediction is built up, BP network model is one of the most widely used artificial neural network (ANN) model, but due to its deficiencies such as easy to get into local extreme minimum value, genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced to overcome the deficiencies. In this model, seismic intensity, average GDP per capita and per area, population density are selected to be the input layer index, and GDP loss ratio as the output layer, 80 earthquake events which happened recent years are regarded as training and check up samples. Finally, the economic loss caused by Wenchuan earthquake is evaluated by the proposed model, and the feasibility and practicability are validated by the numerical example.
Field Measurement of Boundary Layer Wind Characteristics and Wind Loads on Super-Tall Building
Authors: Shi Wen Hai , Li Zheng Nong
Published: May 2011

Significance of full-scale experiments, analyzing wind and pressure fields in the proximity or on tall buildings, is evident from the attention that has been dedicated by researchers to these programs in the recent past. In the south and southeastern regions of China this problem is of particular relevance due to the presence of Typhoons. This paper presents some recent results measured from a super tall building located near the coast of Xiamen, Fujian province, China. In the first part of this study, attention is devoted to the characterization of the wind field atop a super-tall building; a comprehensive investigation on wind velocity and turbulence characteristics during the passage of Typhoon Fanapi is summarized. In the second part, results associated with the mean pressure and mean pressure coefficient were concentrated on the identification of direction-dependent pressure characteristics is analyzed.
Study on Mechanical Behaviors and Calculation of Shear Strength of Steel Truss Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams
Authors: Yang Chun , He Ming Ji , Cai Jian , Huang Yan Sheng , Wu Yi
Published: May 2011

Based on strut-and-tie model (STM) in deep beams, steel truss reinforced concrete (STRC) deep beam was developed. Experimental investigations of mechanical performances of STRC deep beams were carried out, and results show that STRC deep beam is of high ultimate bearing capacity, large rigidity and good ductility; Strut-and-tie force transference model is formed in STRC deep beams, and loads can be transferred in the shortest and direct way. Then Steel reinforced concrete (SRC) strut-and-tie model (SSTM) for determining the shear strength of STRC deep beams is proposed. The contribution of SRC diagonal strut, longitudinal reinforcements, stirrups and web reinforcements to the shear strength of STRC deep beams are determined with consideration of softened effects of concrete, and for safe consideration, superposition theory is employed for SRC struts. Computer programs are developed to calculate the shear strength of STRC deep beams and verified by experimental results.
Study on Seismic Performance of Regular RC Frame with Specially Shaped Columns
Authors: Tang Jian , Mao Ping Wen
Published: May 2011

According to the code and technical regulation, a regular RC frame with specially shaped columns have been designed, which situated at the area of fortification intensity 7(0.15g). Subsequently, the nonlinear dynamic analysis has been carried out for the structure by inputting ground motions in one direction. After summing up the calculation results, this paper have examined seismic performance of the structure under the rare seismic actions and given a primary evaluation on the structure to see if it achieves the predetermined seismic aims. It indicates that the structure designed the codes can achieve the predetermined seismic aims under the rare earthquake.
Analysis on Influence of Earthquake Motion to Loess Slope Stability
Authors: Guo Jun Ying , Li Rong Ji , Zhang Xu Zhen
Published: May 2011

Selected the typical loess landslide to analyze and calculate, adoption of elastic-plastic dynamic FEM and Drucker-Prager yield criterion, using Earthquake motion time-histories as the seismic input will be based on the fitting of , class standard response spectrum curve in the current seismic resistance design code. From the analysis of loess slope deformation and breach at different peak acceleration, spectral and duration, it shows the dynamic response and change rule of soil under earthquake effect.
Analysis on Wave-Induced Circular Shearing Failure of Submarine Slope at Coastal Estuaries
Authors: Sun Quan , Chang Fang Qiang
Published: May 2011

Wave-induced circular shearing failure of submarine slopes could be found at big estuaries all over the world. For this kind of failure form, the equations for Critical failure conditions and scale were created based on limit analysis method. The results were compared with those from elastic calculation, flume test and in situ measurement, which show that there are some coincidences between them.
Research for Slope Structural Reliability Based on Probability Theory
Authors: Song Yun Lian , Yu Jing , Lin Min
Published: May 2011

Based on A.W.Bishop Method and Monte Carlo Method (MCM), slope structural reliability has been researched in this paper. These random variables include unit weight γ, internal friction angle φ and cohesioncof soil. The calculation result shows that the influence correlates to the contribution of random variable to skid resistance of slope structure, namely, the fluctuation of variable with great contribution can give great influence to safety factor K and failure probabilityPf, and vice versa. Moreover,Pfis more sensitive to variable φ than to γ andc. In addition, if the fluctuation of above three variables has been considered simultaneously, the influence toPfis sensitive when their fluctuation is within narrow range, but the influence is mainly controlled by variable φ when their fluctuation is within large range and this influence is nearly the result based on variable φ alone. This shows that internal friction angle φ plays the important role in slope structural reliability and shouldn’t be neglected.
Damage Analysis for Steel Frames under Explosive Loads
Authors: Xiao Li , Qu Wen Zhong
Published: May 2011

In this paper, a series of inelastic transient analysis of steel frame structures under blast loads are numerically performed. Considering the coupling actions of detonator, gases and structure, Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian ALE method which is suitable for large deformation systems is applied. In order to capture the effect of explosion load on members, a rate-dependent stress–strain model is used to model the material response of the affected members. The dynamic response and the structural damage of steel frame under blast loading are investigated. The damage pattern of steel frame to blast loads is studied. The results show that the permanent deformation, local buckling, and plastification reduce the resistance of the frame. The affected members may trigger the overall stability of the frame. The damage degree is related to the amount and position of explosives, shape and resistance of the building etc. The damage of the low-story columns and beams may make the structure unstable. The load might not be large enough, the damage to the entire frame may be severe, and it may cause structure collapse.
Dynamic Analysis of the Double Tower Connected Structure under Earthquake Action
Authors: Zhang Yan Ping , Han Ai Hong
Published: May 2011

The mechanical behavior research on double tower connected structure under earthquake action is more and more important gradually with wide application of high-rise building connected structures in the engineering field. Structure stress and deformation become extremely complicated due to connected structure, thereby the paper adopts two kinds of different analysis software for simulation of simplified model and system comparative analysis on a project example of one double tower connected structure, single tower separate calculation and double tower connected integral calculation are respectively conducted, structure dynamic features under the earthquake action is comparatively analyzed, the influence of connected structure on tower integral structure vibration mode, displacement and period is analyzed, thereby obtaining some conclusions beneficial for project design as references.
Research on Seismic Response Vibration Hybrid Control of Hefei TV Tower
Authors: Zhang Zhi Qiang , Ma Fei
Published: May 2011

In this paper, Hefei TV Tower is used as an analytical case to examine the Hybrid control method on seismic response. Firstly, on the basis of the other’s work, a bi-model dynamic model is proposed to study the seismic response vibration hybrid control, using tuned mass damper and viscous fluid dampers. Then the optimal coefficient is obtained by considered the seismic response of upper turret as optimization objectives. According to analysis, it’s showed that the seismic responses of the tower are decreased greatly with tuned mass damper and viscous fluid dampers, and the vibration reduction effectiveness of the tower is sensitive to the spectral characteristics of earthquake wave.
The Database of Facilities Asset Management Application in the Disaster Reduction – Case Study of Ching Yun Building in Ching Yun University
Authors: Shiu Ruei Hung , Sung Po Hsun , Lin Jyh Dong , Chen Hao Hsien , Jeng Li Rung
Published: May 2011

The study analysis the disaster risk using the asset management database of Ching Yun University. The study proposed the risk factors of calculation and process in different disaster. Disaster of highest frequency in history of Ching Yun University is fire disaster and artificial mistake. The risk value was been calculated from the facilities and personnel on each floor. The risk analysis results show that the badly need of improvement floors is 3F, 6F and 8F. There is the highest risk value of personnel and facilities in 3F. This study proposes four improving options to reduce the casualties of the two dangerous situations occurrence. The analysis method of risk assessment used in this study is suitable for the general building to use to plan escape routes but the database should be set first.
A Study on the Restrainer for Isolated Bridge
Authors: Du Yong Feng , Sun Xiao Yu
Published: May 2011

As a result of adopting isolated bearings, it is inevitable to increase the lateral displacement of the superstructure and the chance of girder falling. However, the shear keys that just satisfies the structural design is far from meeting the requirements of displacement of isolated bridge restrictions. On account of this, given the nonlinear characteristics of bearings and the restrainer, the authors make the study on the "damping rubber with coupling collar" restrainer, and then establish isolation system model of continuous beam bridge with finite element software named Midas. Meanwhile, the effect of the restrainer on the dynamic response of isolated bridges is presented by time-history analysis, which reveals the great value in the application of limiting displacement of isolated bridge.
Numerical Simulation Method for Unsteady Wind Field around Building
Authors: Li Qi , Yang Qing Shan , Jin Yu Fen
Published: May 2011

A large eddy simulation algorithm for numerically calculating unsteady wind field around complex geometry building was given. In this algorithm, a curvilinear coordinate system was used to formulate the numerical model, so the complex wind-structure interface could be described precisely. Governing equations were discretized by central differencing schemes with co-located grids. The convection velocity was interpolated by using Rhie-Chow method in order to avoid the inherent odd-even decoupling problem. A common Maker and Cell (MAC) scheme was used to split the velocity-pressure linkage in Navier-Stockes (NS) equation. An explicit Adams-Bashforth differencing scheme was applied for time marching. A corresponding computer code was developed and was validated by performing on simulation of wind field around full-scale Texas Tech University (TTU) building model. Furthermore, the simulation results were compared with corresponding field measure data and wind-tunnel experiment results reported by other authors. The comparison showed that this algorithm is feasible for numerical simulation of unsteady wind field around buildings.
Study of Fire Behavior of a Profiled Sheet-Ceramsite Concrete Composite Floor
Authors: Wang Xin Tang , Zhou Ming , Wang Hai Jiang , Xie Zhi Guo
Published: May 2011

In order to study the fire behavior of the profiled sheet-ceramsite concrete composite floor subjected to fire load, research on fire response and post-fire bearing capacity of a profiled sheet-ceramsite concrete composite floor subjected to dead load, which has no shearing nails, is carried out here through experiment. Based on the experimental results, the fire behavior and post-fire bearing capacity of the floor after exposure to fire are analyzed. It is shown that the failure form of the profiled sheet-ceramsite concrete composite floor after exposure to fire has obvious change compared with the floor not subjected to fire load, but the composite floor subjected to fire still exhibits higher bending capacity, and the ultimate value of the equivalent distributed load is up to 35kN/m2, which may be used as basis of strengthening and repairing of the profiled sheet-ceramsite concrete composite floor after exposure to fire.
Damage Control and Restoration of Tunnel Collapses of Kaohsiung MRT Project
Authors: Chang Po Shou , Lo Wei
Published: May 2011

Major metropolitan transportation construction works usually employ underground tunneling methods and carry great risks. According to past experiences, the collapse of tunneling works always triggered a chain reaction of collateral damage and caused a considerable urban impact. Therefore, the damage control and restoration in the event of MRT tunneling failure have drawn great attention of researchers and industrial practitioners. This study used the tunnel collapse of the Kaohsiung MRT project as a research subject. The project was executed by a JV entity through an international joint venture between a Taiwanese and a Japanese construction firm. Conclusions are made based on the analysis of information collected from written documents and in-depth interviews with people involved in the remedial and restoration works. This study discusses the series of measures taken for the collapse event in question, and may serve as a reference to highlight the importance of disaster prevention for future.
Damage Assessment Method of High-Rise Structure Based on Monitoring Data and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Teng Jun , He Chun Kai , Chen Jian Hua
Published: May 2011

Accurately and quickly evaluate the damage of high-rise buildings can effectively reduce economic losses and speed up the reconstruction of the earthquake region. Based on monitoring data and numerical simulation, this paper proposed a method to evaluate the damage of high-rise structures suffered earthquakes. Taking a frame-tube structure as example, the method’s availability is verified. The results can coincide well with the experimental phenomenon and the fuzzy evaluation results based on the monitoring data. This method can accurately and effectively evaluate the general damage degree of high-rise structures post-earthquake.
Topographic Types Influence on the Landslide Movement
Authors: Fan Xiao Yi , Han Meng
Published: May 2011

According to the 95 landslides of field investigation and literatures, the topographic types of landslide movement were divided into river, ladder and linearity. Based on the power-law relationship between the volume and equivalent friction coefficient of non-block landslides, the topographic influence coefficients were studied which were influenced by the landslide volumes and occurrence mechanisms. Because of different volumes of seismic landslides and rainfall landslides, the influence coefficients of topography were significant different. It indicated that the disaster-causing mechanism of landslides not only closely related with the landslide volume, but also were controlled by topographic types and occurrence mechanisms.
Analysis of the Disaster Prevention Marking System for Urban Public Building
Authors: Song Bo , Chen Yang , He Zhong Mao
Published: May 2011

The denseness of urban public buildings and the complication of the underground space spur the enhancement of disaster prevention and mitigation planning. As a result, for the urban public buildings around the densely populated area, the establishment of public buildings disaster prevention system in urban and the study on some related questions lay the basis of disaster prevention and mitigation. Since the concept of public building have the different definitions in the national standards and different types of buildings require different signs on disaster prevention, the category of public buildings has been redefined according to international normative standards. Furthermore, the research on the types, colors, sizes and position of disaster prevention signs has been done according to the internal, external of building and evacuation routes aspects. Finally, the basic functions of disaster prevention sign system in and around the buildings and the settings of the disaster prevention sign system of different types of public buildings are proposed.
Method of Weight Assignment for Multi-Criterion Based on Grey Interval AHP
Authors: Xia Chun Yan , Liu Yan Jie , Liu Dong Mei
Published: May 2011

According to the problem of weight assignment for multi-criterion in uncertain information system, the disadvantage of the traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is analyzed; the Method of weight assignment for multi-criterion based on grey interval AHP is put forward. At first, grey interval numbers are imported as a mean to deal with the evaluation information in the proposed method, the quantitative representation of uncertain information is carried out; the loss of information is decreased. Then, base on grey relation analysis and AHP, the relational degree of each criterion is calculated by using grey interval relation analysis, which reflects the relative important degree of each criterion. The judgment matrix is constructed, which fits in with consistent requirements spontaneously. The weight value of each criterion is achieved. Finally, the evaluation example proves that the proposed method is feasible.
Global Climate Change Opportunity as Well as Challenge to Architecture
Authors: Yu Jun Hua
Published: May 2011

As known to all, the emission of greenhouse gases is mainly caused by human activities. If we could cut down the emission, we could gradually prevent the influence of climate change. Relevant research shows that in the field of energy consumption, the control of CO2 emission is the most effective way to save energy. Thus, reducing the architectural energy consumption is one of the most crucial factors to realize global climate goals. Although more and more scholars prefer to use the word ‘dilemma’ to describe the urgent contradiction between architectural construction and environment, and energy as well, I still want to discuss the influence of global warming on the architecture industry, and explain why it is an opportunity as well.
Assessment of Vibrations Generated by Structure Demolition Part II: Influences on Structural Safety and Durability
Authors: Chen Zhi Yi , Yu Hai Tao , Yuan Yong
Published: May 2011

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influences of construction vibration, which is generated by structure demolition, on the structural safety and stability. As presented in the companion paper, the influences of construction vibration on the surrounding environment were assessed. In this paper, another issue is concerned. For this purpose, field measurements are conducted on site. Then the obtained data, mainly the structural strain are analyzed by the presented evaluation method and compared to the allowable strength values suggested by the existing code. It is found that the ground vibrations generated by demolition construction will not cause harmful effects on the structures.
Field Measurements of Dynamic Characteristics and Wind-Induced Response of a Large-Span Roof Structure
Authors: Fu Ji Yang , Xu An , Wu Jiu Rong
Published: May 2011

This paper presents some selected results obtained from the field measurements of wind effects on Guangzhou International Sports Arena (GISA) during the passage of Typhoon Fanapi in September, 2010. The field data such as wind speed, wind direction and acceleration responses, etc., were simultaneously and continuously recorded during the typhoon. The measured acceleration data are analyzed to obtain the information on dynamic characteristics and wind-induced response of the large-span roof structure. The first four natural frequencies and vibration mode shapes of the roof are identified on the basis of the field measurements using the stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method and comparisons with those calculated from the computational model of the roof are made. The damping ratios of the roof are also identified by the SSI method and compared with those estimated by the random decrement method, and the amplitude-dependent damping characteristics are presented and discussed. Furthermore, the field measurement results are compared with the wind tunnel test results to examine the accuracy of the model test results and the adequacy of the techniques used in wind tunnel tests.
Electrical Responses of Carbon Black Filled Silicone Rubber to Uniaxial Cyclic Loading
Authors: Liao Bo , Zhou Guo Qing , Liu Zhuo Dian
Published: May 2011

The electrical responses of carbon black filled silicone rubber to cyclic loading were investigated by electrical resistance measurements. Results indicated that the resistance of specimen appeared irreversible decrease in the earlier cycles of the first group test. The relation of the resistance and uniaxial cyclic loading are repeatable after 5 cycles while the irreversible micro-cracks are almost no longer generated. The resistance of each effective conductive path, the number of effective conductive path and average effective cross-sectional area of the insulating film between the adjacent conductive particles are key factors of the piezoresistivity.
Application Research of Fiber Grating Sensor in Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Liu Jun Sheng , Liu Ming Liang
Published: May 2011

The fiber grating sensor with its unique advantages in the structural health monitoring used and more extensive. Based on Fiber Bragg Grating as an example, this paper expounds the FBG sensor system integration method, the principle of fiber grating sensors, aiming at temperature drift characteristics of FBG, proposes a new method of temperature drift compensation by using metal platinum resistance. On the other hand, the existing fiber grating monitoring system is used mostly in the series of topological way, which impacts of the sensor's survival rate, this paper proposes a new method of combining the series-parallel topological way, using relatively cheap couplers, increasing the survival rate of the sensor, thus improving the efficiency of structural health monitoring.
Model Updating and Damage Detection Using Cross Model Cross Mode Method for 3D Frame Structures
Authors: Liu Fu Shun , Wang Peng , Wang Wei Ying , Zhou Lei , Wang Shu Qing
Published: May 2011

For the health monitoring of civil structures, the study of finite element model updating or damage detection mainly focuses on undamped systems. Thus, their objective has been exclusively restricted to the correction of the mass and stiffness matrices. In contrast, this paper performs the model updating and damage detection for damped structures. A theoretical contribution of this paper is to extend the cross-model cross-mode (CMCM) method to simultaneously update the mass, damping and stiffness matrices of a finite element model when only few spatially incomplete, complex-valued modes are available. Numerical studies are conducted for a five-story frame structure with multiple damaged elements. The numerical results reveal that applying the CMCM method, together with an iterative Guyan reduction scheme, can yield good damage detection in general.
Transverse Vibration Characteristics of Simply Supported Moving FGM Rectangular Plate
Authors: Miao Ruan , Wang Zhong Min , Feng Jing Hu
Published: May 2011

The present paper investigates the dynamic characteristics and stability of moving functionally graded material rectangular thin plate. Based on Voigt model, the material properties are assumed to vary continuously through their thickness according to a power-law distribution of the volume fractions of the plate constituents. By the first order shear deformation theory, the differential equations of motion of the moving FGM rectangular plate are derived. The vibration frequencies are obtained from the solution of a generalized eigenvalue problem. Entire computational work is carried out in a normalized square domain obtained through an appropriate domain mapping technique. Results of the reduced problem revealed excellent agreement with other studies. The dimensionless complex frequencies of the moving FGM rectangular plate with four edges simply supported are calculated by the differential quadrature method. The effects of gradient index, aspect ratio, and dimensionless moving speed on the transverse vibration and stability of the moving FGM rectangular plate are analyzed. Results are furnished in dimensionless amplitude–frequency vs. dimensionless moving speed in the form of curves and pictorial representations of some vibration mode shapes are made.
Application of the Ground Penetrating Radar in the Quality Detection of Tunnel Lining
Authors: Pan Ji Shun , Yang Lei , Leng Yuan Bao , Lv Zhi Quan
Published: May 2011

Based on the ground penetrating radar's work mechanism, this article briefly introduces the working principle and the data processing method of ground penetrating radar detecting the tunnel lining. In view of the lining quality detection's characteristics, it summarizes a series of atlas reflection characteristic of the examination target such as the lining thickness, the backfill quality, the steel bar reinforcement situation, the adjacent formation structural feature and so on, and analyses and comments on them with project examples. The research believes that under appropriate working condition, as an important means to guarantee the construction security and maintain the tunnel health, ground penetrating radar technology can examine the lining quality fast and effectively, and meet the needs of the tunnel lining quality detection with suitable equipment, working method and data processing plan.
Cross Modal Strain Energy Method for Estimation of Semi-Rigid Joints
Authors: Wang Shu Qing , Ma Shi Yan , Wang Dian He , Liu Fu Shun
Published: May 2011

While rigid or pinned assumptions are adopted for steel frames in traditional modeling via finite element method, the actual behavior of the connections is usually neither. Semi-rigid joints enable connections to be modeled as partially restrained, which improves the quality of the model. To identify the connection stiffness and update the FE model, a newly-developed cross modal strain energy (CMSE) method is extended to incorporate the connection stiffness estimation. To illustrate the capability of the proposed parameter estimation and model updating algorithm, a four-story frame structure is demonstrated in the numerical studies. Several cases including Semi-rigid joint(s) on single connection and on multi-connections, are investigated. Numerical results indicate that an excellent updating is achievable and the connection stiffness can be estimated by CMSE method.
Modal Experiment on RC Flat Plate Frame and Identification of Interior Column Damage
Authors: Zhang Fan Zhen , Yi Wei Jian
Published: May 2011

Damage identification and health monitoring is an important aspect in the evaluation of structural safety recently. This paper presents a modal experiment and analysis of a 2×2 bay (6.128m×6.128m) 1 storey (1.4m) RC flat plate frame structure on rigid foundation. The displacement mode experiments were carried out by hammer-hitting excitation method in the age of frame concrete. The varieties of the modal parameters of the flat plate were obtained by dynamic testing along with the growth of elastic modulus of concrete and change of the environment temperature. it can be used to identify the location and form of the damage. Base on the missing of some specific structure modal shapes and reduction of the frame horizontal stiffness, it can be revealed that the interior slab-column connection cannot transfer the unbalance moment well. Further more, modal parameters of the RC flat plate with the interior column removed had been exhibited and discussed. A 3-D solid finite element models with the interior column fixed/hinged were constructed, they were validated to match the frame natural frequencies and mode shapes. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of modal parameters identification method in estimate the damage of column in RC flat plate frame. Additionally, the dynamic modulus of elastic is obtained by the comparison of experimental test and FEM simulation analysis.
Quasi-Plane-Hypothesis of Strain Coordination for RC Beam Strengthened with Near-Surface Mounted Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Bar or Helical Rib Bar
Authors: Zeng Xian Tao , Ren Zhen Hua
Published: May 2011

Rehabilitation of existing structures with fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) has been growing in popularity because they offer superior performance in terms of resistance to corrosion and high stiffness-to-weight ratio. This paper presents strain coordination results of (two groups)6 reinforced concrete beams strengthened with different methods including near-surface mounted CFRP bar and helical rib rebar in order to investigate the strain coordination of CFRP bar or HR bar and steel rebar of RC beam. Because there is relative slipping between RC beam and bar, the strain of CFRP or HR bar and steel rebar of RC beam satisfies the quasi-plane-hypothesis, that is, the strain of longitudinal fiber that parallels to the neutral axis of plated beam within the scope of effective height (h0) of the cross section is in direct proportion to the distance from the fiber to the neutral axis, the strain of CFRP or HR and steel rebar satisfies the equation:εCH=βεsteel , the value of β is equal to 1.0～1.2 according to the test results.
Study on State Recognition of ASCE Benchmark Based on Lyapunov Exponent Spectrum Entropy
Authors: Yang Jian Xi , Zhou Jian Ting , Chen Yue
Published: May 2011

The paper has made a maximum Lyapunov exponent and Lyapunov exponent spectrum entropy analysis of ASCE Benchmark using non-linear theory and chaos time sequence. The maximum Lyapunov exponents in the two kinds of structural monitored data are both over zero, indicating that in the structural system chaos phenomenon has appeared. And, experiments have shown that the maximum Lyapunov exponent is sensitive of the amount of samples and the time delay. So, to compute the chaos index, the amount of samples and the time duration are of importance. Meanwhile, the Lyapunov exponent spectrum entropy is effective to measure the chaotic characteristic of the system, but ,the entropy is less sensitive to state recognition more than the max Lyapunov exponent.
Analysis of the Parameter C in Inertial Effect Coefficient Model
Authors: Gu Li Xiong , Liu Zhi Fang , Xu Zhong Yong
Published: May 2011

Since the pioneering work of Paris and Erdogan (1963), the fatigue crack growth (FCG) model has been being modified by worldwide researchers. Research efforts have been devoted by a number of investigators for assessing the fatigue condition of structural components by means of residual stress at the crack tip, threshold stress intensity factor, load ratio, and so on. The parameter C is always as a constant about material and structure, and almost no further research on it. In this paper, we proposed a novel analytical approach to predict the effect of the parameter C on fatigue performance. The inertial effect coefficient model for FCG under constant amplitude (CA) loading is briefly described and then used to verify the parameter C is a variable and analyze the relation between the parameter C and FCG rate. The prediction of the parameter C in this model is in good agreement with experimental data taken from the literature.