bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Current Research of Cross-Border E-Commerce
Authors: Mou Jian , Cui Yi
Published: September 2020

Companies face more challenges when their businesses enter into the global market, especially in an online environment. This situation is also true due to the different cultures, laws, regulations, habits, languages, technological levels, and even infrastructures for any firm that plans to utilize CBEC for gaining economic benefits. This study applies a systematic review method to present a literature review on the topic of CBEC. By reviewing 26 influential journal articles, this study provides details for the features, the methodologies, and the main themes and findings of selected articles. In the end, an integrated research framework on CBEC is proposed. This framework not only contains the major research focus of CBEC researches, but also includes the overall influential factors, the research gaps, and future research foci for CBEC. The last part of this chapter summarizes the theoretical contributions of the work, the practical implications, and the limitations of CBEC researches.
Integrated Decisions on Online Product Image Configuration and Inventory Planning Using DPSO
Authors: Shih Kuan-Chung , Chen Yan-Kwang , Li Yi-Ming , Chen Chih-Teng
Published: September 2020

Integrated decisions on merchandise image display and inventory planning are closely related to operational performance of online stores. A visual-attention-dependent demand (VADD) model has been developed to support online stores make the decisions. In the face of evolving products, customer needs, and competitors in an e-commerce environment, the benefits of using VADD model depend on how fast the model runs on the computer. As a result, a discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) method is employed to solve the VADD model. To verify the usability and effectiveness of DPSO method, it was compared with the existing methods for large-scale, medium-scale, and small-scale problems. The comparison results show that both GA and DPSO method perform well in terms of the approximation rate, but the DPSO method takes less time than the GA method. A sensitivity is conducted to determine the model parameters that influence the above comparison result.
Defining Smart Community in the Context of Healthcare Efficiency in the UK
Authors: Woolliscroft Tim
Published: September 2020

This literature review article creates a new definition for the concept of smart community and applies the concept to the issue of improving healthcare efficiency in the UK. The definition emerges by mapping the evolution of the smart community concept from the mid-1990s up to 2020. The emergent concept is then applied to healthcare efficiency through discussion about related concepts including smart cities, coproduction, social capital, social computing, and cyber physical systems. The review takes a qualitative approach to exploring literature about concepts, an approach that recognises and engages with the complex interconnectedness of terminology in the digital sphere. Smart community was selected because it originated in response to financial crisis. The relevance to theory is creating a context-specific definition of smart community. By defining smart community in the context of healthcare, insights have emerged that could be useful to practice as well as theory.
AcheSeuEcoponto
Authors: Melaré Angelina V. S. , González Sahudy Montenegro , Faceli Katti
Published: September 2020

AcheSeuEcoponto is a web system to assist the Brazilian population in allocating its solid residues appropriately. It was developed using geo and web technologies. The system offers functionalities to citizens (e.g., querying the nearest drop-off centre by waste type, map visualization, and directions) and managers (e.g., reports of underserved areas of disposal centres and users' profile). Besides a discussion on how the system assists citizens and managers, the authors provide a characterization of users' profile and show how the use of web technologies helped in the dissemination of information. Both analyses can help managers giving essential guidelines on how to motivate population engagement.
Collaborative Life-Cycle-Based Botnet Detection in IoT Using Event Entropy
Authors: Nafir Abdenacer , Mazouzi Smaine , Chikhi Salim
Published: September 2020

This paper introduces a collaborative and distributed method for botnet detection in massive networks such as internet of things (IoT) and wide area networks (WAN). The method is model-based and designed as a multi-agent system where the agents are situated on IoT devices. Every agent analyzes the events' entropies, then exchanges its decision with its neighbors aiming at establishing global decision if a botnet is ongoing to be installed within the network or not. Decisions spread over the network where a consensual dominant decision can emerge. In previous similar works, it was necessary to use some central hosts in order to compute global decisions. So, scalability is compromised, and the solution is not suited for massive networks such as IoT. The proposed approach does not require any central control, which allows it to be used in IoT and ad hoc networks. Furthermore, the botnet is detected at the early stage of its life-cycle. Conducted experiments have shown that the proposed approach is well suited for botnet detection in IoT and WAN.
Repurposing of Potent Mtase Inhibitors Against ZIKV Utilizing Structure-Based Molecular Docking
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Naaz Aaliya , Saxena Mridula
Published: September 2020

Zika is an Aedes mosquito vector-borne pandemic viral disease. It is a goal for the scientists to destroy the virus completely by generating potent inhibitors. To explore the disease mechanism, various zika viral targets were explored. One of the major targets is Methyltransferase (Mtase), which is common with zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), and West Nile virus (WNV) belonging to the family of Flaviviridae. Therefore, an attempt has been made here to quest dengue virus and West Nile virus Mtase inhibitors, which could be repurposed on Zika virus inhibition by structure-based docking studies. The mode of interactions of 25 DENV and WNV inhibitors has been compared with natural reference drug sinefungin, which is a specific dengue virus and West Nile virus methyl transferase inhibitor. The docking results of compound numbers 4, 6, 10, 12, 13, 17, 18, and 20 exhibit the same mode of interaction with sinefungin. Therefore, these compounds could be proposed for a further experimental investigation to combat zika.
IgG Immune Complexes Break Immune Tolerance of Human Microglia
Authors: van der Poel Marlijn , Hoepel Willianne , Hamann Jörg , Huitinga Inge , Dunnen Jeroen den
Published: September 2020

Microglia are phagocytic cells involved in homeostasis of the brain and are key players in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). A hallmark of MS diagnosis is the presence of IgG Abs, which appear as oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid. In this study, we demonstrate that myelin obtained post mortem from 8 out of 11 MS brain donors is bound by IgG Abs. Importantly, we show that IgG immune complexes strongly potentiate activation of primary human microglia by breaking their tolerance for microbial stimuli, such as LPS and Poly I:C, resulting in increased production of key proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF and IL-1β. We identified FcγRI and FcγRIIa as the two main responsible IgG receptors for the breaking of immune tolerance of microglia. Combined, these data indicate that IgG immune complexes potentiate inflammation by human microglia, which may play an important role in MS-associated inflammation and the formation of demyelinating lesions.
Investigation of the unfused cross cylinder test as an alternative method for the determination of spherical distance refraction end points
Authors: Makgaba Nkalebetja T. , Mathebula Solani D.
Published: September 2020

Background: The duochrome test is commonly used to refine the final sphere in refraction at different stages of a subjective refraction. The unfused cross cylinder test is mainly used to determine the near reading addition with a combination of astigmatic lenses.Aim: To investigate if the unfused cross cylinder test can be adapted for distance in finding the spherical end point for distance prescription.Setting: The study was conducted at an Optometry Clinic, University of Limpopo, South Africa.Methods: Fifty-one non-presbyopic subjects aged between 18 and 25 years were examined. The duochrome and unfused cross cylinder examinations were performed monocularly under normal (bright) and dim room illumination.Results: There was no significant difference in the spherical end point determined with either the duochrome or unfused cross cylinder tests (p ≥ 0.05). The mean spherical end points as determined with the duochrome test were −0.09 ± 0.39 diopre sphere (DS) (range: −0.20 to 0.12 dioptres [D]) in bright room illumination and −0.05 ± 0.38 DS (range: −0.16 D to 0.05 D) in dim illumination. The mean spherical end points for the unfused cross cylinder tests were −0.29 ± 0.39 DS (range: −0.18 D to 0.40 D) and −0.32 ± 0.43 DS (range: –0.44 D to –0.19 D) in room dim illuminations, respectively.Conclusion: The unfused cross cylinder test results as performed in this study may provide an accurate measurement of the spherical end point in a young adult population. We recommend the unfused cross cylinder test to be used in normal (bright) room illumination as an alternative to the duochrome test in the determination of distance refractive error.
Dystrophic calcification of the sclera following pterygium surgery with adjunctive beta-irradiation: Case report of the surgical management
Authors: Höllhumer Roland
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article was to report a late complication of adjuvant beta-radiation after pterygium surgery. This is a case report of a 56-year-old black female patient who presented with an infectious scleritis associated with scleral necrosis and dystrophic calcification. She had undergone pterygium surgery with adjuvant beta-irradiation six years before. She was managed with topical antibiotics and patch graft, with a good outcome. Beta-radiation is associated with visually significant long-term complications and should be avoided. We recommend an excision with extended tenonectomy and free autograft as the procedure of choice.
Impacting accounting education using integrated information and communication technologies
Authors: Dasoo Nazreen , Bornman Marina , Rhodes Raymond J.
Published: September 2020

Orientation: Computers, especially in the form of information and communication technologies (ICT), have changed the procedures through which bookkeeping and accounting are accomplished in business. Modern debates centre on the veracity and methodology of including of ICT in accounting education. This study assessed the impact of one method of integrating ICT in accounting education, as adopted by the University of Johannesburg (UJ) in one diploma offering. This method has been termed ‘subject integrated information and communication technologies’ (SIICT).Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact that the integration of ICT into certain subjects (SIICT) has had on selected key role players of the diploma in Accounting. This section of the study evaluates this impact on the students by comparing the outcomes of two cohorts of students.Motivation for the study: In 2011, UJ replaced National Diploma offerings in Accounting with a new diploma in Accounting that integrated ICT into two core subjects. This impact study evaluated the integration, which used a theoretical model of integration that was untested in its application.Research approach/design and method: This case study, designed as an impact study, tested the impact of integrating ICT into the core modules of the diploma. Data collection was based on a mixed-method data collection model and included research questionnaires to the students, recorded observations of lecturers, interviews with lecturers and a document investigation.Main findings: The students were positively impacted through (1) completing their studies in a shorter time, (2) the time to obtain employment being shortened, (3) fewer students studying further and (4) experiencing a greater sense of work preparedness and confidence during interviews.Practical/managerial implications: The average time that students spend studying is shorter, freeing university resources and costing the student less money. Different methods of study are applied, and the students are more engaged as the subjects become more ‘real to life’.Contribution/value-add: Employers’ acceptance of the changes and the student comments reflect an earlier engagement with work at their place of employment.
Mental Health and Society’s Perceptions
Authors: Ogunbanjo Gboyega A
Published: September 2020

The deaths of mentally ill patients transferred from Life Esidimeni health facilities in Gauteng province, South Africa to 27 unlicensed nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) is a sober reflection of how we as a society perceive and care for mentally ill people. As of 15 February 2017, the Health ombudsman Professor Malegapuru Makgoba reported that the death toll of these transferred patients from Life Esidimeni to the 27 unlicensed NGOs was above 100.
Grommets - an update on common indications for tympanostomy tube placement
Authors: Outhoff Kim
Published: September 2020

Children younger than 7 years are at increased risk of otitis media because of their immature immune systems and poorly functioning eustachian tubes that normally ventilate the middle ear space and equalize pressure with the external environment. More than 80% of children have at least one episode of acute otitis media (AOM) before the age of 3 years and 40% experience six or more recurrences by the time they are 7 years old.1 By the age of 3 years, approximately 7% of children undergo surgery for tympanostomy tube insertion for a range of otitis media issues, most commonly for chronic otitis media with effusion (OME), recurrent acute AOM, and acute otitis media that persists despite antibiotic therapy.2 However, tympanostomy tube insertion is associated with risks and remains a controversial practice especially in children with OME of less than three months’ duration and in children with recurrent AOM. Adverse effects associated with tympanostomy tube insertion include those associated with anaesthesia and its complications (laryngospasm, bronchospasm), as well as tube related sequelae such as recurrent (7%) or persistent (16–26%) otorrhoea, blockage of the tube lumen (7%), granulation tissue (4%), premature extrusion of the tube (4%), tympanostomy tube displacement into the middle ear (0.5%) and persistent perforation of the tympanic membrane (1%–6%).3 This article offers guidance for family practitioners wishing to optimize health outcomes in children potentially requiring tympanostomy tube placement.
Rural realities in service provision for substance abuse: a qualitative study in uMkhanyakude district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Mpanza D M , Govender P
Published: September 2020

Background: Substance abuse is recognised as a worldwide concern, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality in South Africa. There is minimal research that has considered influences in mental health care service delivery in rural and disadvantaged communities in South Africa.

Methods: A qualitative study with substance abuse service providers in uMkhanyakude rural district of KwaZulu-Natal was undertaken to gain insight into the experiences and challenges in service delivery. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with various stakeholders (n = 29) in the rural district.

Results: The findings of the study suggest that service providers experience challenges in service delivery in this rural area. The effects of culture (amarula festival and ancestral worship) exacerbate the use of substances; the high rate of unemployment and poverty lead to the produce of home-brewed substances for sustainable living; a lack of resources poses threats to service delivery; the poor prioritisation of mental health care services and a lack of monitoring and evaluation of services in the district were highlighted.

Conclusions: Despite this being a single district study, findings reflect the need for a district, provincial and national standard for substance abuse rehabilitation services in addition to the improvement of monitoring and evaluation for quality improvement. There is also a need to respond to the gaps that exist in after-care and community-based or decentralised substance abuse services that are essential in such areas, which are under-resourced despite the high prevalence of substance users.

(Full text of the research articles are available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp)

S Afr Fam Pract 2017; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2016.1272232
Диффеоморфизмы двумерных многообразий с одномерными просторно расположенными базисными множествами
Authors: Grines Vyacheslav Zigmuntovich , Kurenkov Evgeny Dmitrievich
Published: September 2020

В настоящей работе рассматриваются сохраняющие ориентацию $A$-диффеоморфизмы ориентируемых поверхностей рода большего единицы, содержащие одномерный просторно расположенный совершенный аттрактор. Устанавливается, что вопрос о топологической классификации ограничений диффеоморфизмов на такие базисные множества сводится к задаче топологической классификации псевдоаносовских гомеоморфизмов с отмеченным множеством седловых особенностей. В частности, дано доказательство анонсированной Ю. А. Жировым и Р. В. Плыкиным топологической классификации $A$-диффеоморфизмов рассматриваемых поверхностей, неблуждающее множество которых состоит из одномерного просторно расположенного аттрактора и нульмерных источников.
Библиография: 34 наименования.
Изотопы альтернативных алгебр характеристики, отличной от $3$
Authors: Pchelintsev Sergey Valentinovich
Published: September 2020

Изучаются гомотопы альтернативных алгебр над алгебраически замкнутым
полем характеристики, отличной от $3$. Доказан аналог теоремы Алберта об изотопах ассоциативных алгебр: в классе конечномерных унитальных альтернативных алгебр всякая изотопия является изоморфизмом. Доказано также, что всякий $(a,b)$-гомотоп унитальной альтернативной алгебры сохраняет тождества исходной алгебры. Получены также результаты о строении изотопов различных простых алгебр, в частности, алгебр Кэли-Диксона.
Библиография: 20 наименований.
Recent Literature
Authors: Mundy P.J.
Published: September 2020

No Abstract.
Book Reviews
Authors: Mundy P.J.
Published: September 2020

No Abstract.
Vědecko-pedagogická práce na odboru Muzeologie a kulturní dědictví v Bratislavě
Authors: Dolák Jan
Published: September 2020

The article deals with museology (museum studies) and cultural heritage studies as basic tools for active and successful museum practice. It brings forward the question of importance and suitability of various museum courses and their relation to specialized university studies that work towards the improvement of daily museum practice. It analyses and evaluates not only the studies, but also scholarly and project activities of Museology department at the Comenius University in Bratislava.
Organic Olive Growth Opportunities In The GAP Region
Authors: Lale TAŞ
Published: September 2020

Organic agriculture is a form of production that is controlled by all stages from production to consumption by using only the drugs allowed by the regulation and certified by control certification companies. Since the use of chemical pesticides in agricultural production, which increases day by day, remains in food as residue, it is dangerous for human health. Particularly because of the Pandemic affecting the world and various health problems, people become conscious of nutrition and prefer a production method that is friendly to human health. Organic Agriculture is an environmentally friendly way of production that gives priority to human health. Despite the favorable climatic conditions and fertile lands in the GAP region, we cannot say that organic agriculture has progressed sufficiently. In this study, the organic cultivation possibility and potential of olive and olive oil production, which is a consequential product for the Southeastern Anatolia Region, will be examined. In the study conducted as a compilation, the experience and observations of the researcher in the region and secondary sources, official reports and statistics were used.
The Distribution of Variables that Affect Nomophobia in Adults’ Profiles
Authors: Karademir Coşkun Tuğra , Kaya Ömer
Published: September 2020

This study focused on the effects of variables related to nomophobia levels of youths for adults; and exhibited a nomophobia profile of an adult by means of the significant variables about adults. Two hundred-ten adults from 30 different occupational groups participated in the research. The relational research design was used in the research. Data after collecting through scales were subjected to logistic regression analysis and two-step clustering analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that while the nomophobia scores of the participated adults who were married, had children, were 30 years and older, have higher life satisfaction scores and lower social media addiction scores were low.  On the other hand, it was determined that the adult in high nomophobia scores were clustered in the group who were single and did not have children, were between the ages of 24-29, had low life satisfaction scores and high social media addiction.
Organizational Instructional Interventions in Bridging Skills Gap in Education
Authors: Otara Alfred
Published: September 2020

This analytical descriptive study was done to assess the effects of organizational interventions by learning institutions in bridging skills gap. The intervention activities were designed to develop information handling skills, Communication and presentation skills, planning and problem-solving skills, Social development skills, creativity and innovation skills, and entrepreneurial skills. A post-intervention evaluation was then done to assess the effectiveness of the interventions using 120 students as respondents. Analysis of data for pre and post intervention was statistically significant. This is an indication that organizational interventions in bridging the skill gap were effective. The findings showed that skill development can happen if institutions can be able to adopt appropriate strategies like the use of case studies networking, report writing, debates, speech contests, and allowing oral presentations. The study revealed that there is a need to change the behavior, attitude, and perception of educators in order to enhance change in terms of delivery. This study recommends that training programs should be revised to include skill development as part of lesson work in classrooms. Program planners should ensure that students, irrespective of module choice have a broadly similar experience of teaching and learning by establishing a set of agreed operational principles.
Investigation of the Relationship between Pre-service Music Teachers’ Attitudes towards Teaching Profession and their Self-efficacy Beliefs
Authors: Kaleli Yavuz Selim
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to examine the attitudes of pre-service music teachers towards teaching profession and their teaching self-efficacy beliefs. The attitudes and self-efficacy beliefs of pre-service music teachers towards teaching profession were compared based on the variables of gender and academic achievement. The research sample consists of 262 pre-service music teachers studying in the faculties of education in Turkey. Personal information form, attitude scale towards teaching profession and teacher self-efficacy beliefs scale were used in the research. The findings showed that the pre-service teachers’ attitudes and self-efficacy beliefs towards teaching profession are high. In addition, pre-service teachers’ attitudes and self-efficacy beliefs towards teaching profession differ according to their gender and level of academic achievement. A significant relation was found between pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and attitudes towards teaching profession.
Forms of Cooperation of Lithuanian Forest Owners: A Case Review
Authors: Pivoriūnas Aidas
Published: September 2020

There are many ways for private forest owners (PFOs) to manage their properties. One way is to manage it by oneself, to use the individual approach; however, our focus is on a cooperative solution, which, in many cases, is much more challenging due to the incorporation of multiple players and the structure of their forests, not to mention the needs and objectives related to forest management. Cooperative forest management has different forms, as shown by numerous socio-economic theoretical and empirical findings. This paper discusses how the traditional organisational forms of cooperation among Lithuanian forest owners are operating and more specifically, how they are adopting their performance in addressing the goals of forest management. A case study is used to show how cooperation among private forest owners has been developing in Lithuania over recent years and finds some new forms of cooperational management.
Zavist – pukotina u karakteru novinara – reportera
Authors: Jakovljević Mirko
Published: September 2020

Rad se bavi analizom ličnosti televizijskog reportera. Posao novinara - reportera izuzetno je zahtjevan. Njime se može baviti jedino zrela ličnost. Osim pozitivnih osobina jedna od „pukotina“ u karakteru čovjekovog bića i zrele ličnosti je zavist. Što je zavist? Kada se javlja zavist kod novinara? Šta ukazuje na to da novinar - reporter zavidi drugom novinaru? Kako prevladavati zavist?
Utjecaj video igara na djecu
Authors: Brčić Iva
Published: September 2020

Video igre su postale glavni vid dječje zabave i način kako će djeca ispuniti svoje slobodno vrijeme. Više nisu samo povremena povlastica koju dijete dobije nakon što obavi svoje zadatke, već su postale sastavni dio svakodnevnog života. Postale su stalno dostupne na raznim igraćim konzolama, na kompjuterima, tabletima i mobitelima. U Hrvatskoj gotovo 90 % djece igra neku vrstu video igara . U ovom radu pažnja će biti usmjerena na razloge popularnosti video igara među djecom. Proučavat će se negativni utjecaji na dječje ponašanje, zdravlje i psihofizički razvoj. Također će se izučavati i pozitivna strana video igara i kako one mogu pridonijeti razvoju dječjih sposobnosti i pomoći u usvajanju brojnih znanja. U radu će biti objašnjeno i na koji način se može poticati pozitivan utjecaj video igara, a kako umanjiti onaj negativan.
Govor mržnje u hrvatskom medijskom prostoru
Authors: Poljak Marko , Hadžić Jelena , Martinić Maša
Published: September 2020

Autori u svom radu razmatraju aktualni problem zakonski reguliranog neprihvatljivog ponašanja u Hrvatskom medijskom prostoru, uključujući i društvene mreže, koncentrirajući se na problem govora mržnje. Temeljno je pitanje je li prisutnost govora mržnje u porastu. Primjenom metode analize sadržaja, a na obuhvatu kompletnog medijskog prostora Hrvatske, autori zaključuju da je porast prisutnosti neprihvatljivog ponašanja i govora mržnje hrvatska svakodnevica. Osnovom dobivenih rezultata istraživački napori autora usmjeravaju se prema detekciji vrsta govora mržnje i na njihove primjere pojavnosti pri čemu detekcija pojavnosti neprihvatljivog govora a i govora mržnje pripada vrsti usmjerenoj prema etnicitetu, religiji i izbjeglicama. U primjeni detekcije, obrade i analize su računalne tehnologije na čijem razvoju i testiranju rezultata autori nastavljaju istraživanje. Treći istraživački napor autora usmjeren je prema događajima koji su prisutni u medijskom prostoru, a odnose se na neprihvatljivi govor, te kvalitativnom i kvantitativnom analizom sadržaja daju kontekstualni okvir najvažnijih događaja.
The Meaning of Biopolitics in the Age of Numerical Revolution
Authors: Vujić Jure
Published: September 2020

Marshall McLuhan, in the 1960s, coined the well-known phrase “the world is a global village” at a time when the Internet did not exist, and new communication and media technologies were about to transform the world into a planetary village via interconnection. However, McLuhan may not have anticipated that accelerated technological advances would be made possible by communication without a “physical mediator-factor” and that the utilitarian and instrumental dimension of communication would give way to cultural and social domination and manipulation. In the numerical age, Foucault’s notion of “bio-politics” as a system of complete control and regulation of the body and life by means of science and technology is, at first glance, an outdated term, belonging to the past of modern, biopolitical and repressive societies. The numerical control is today based on a deep urge for individual and narcissistic exhibitionism in the new expository society.
Effect of Aloe vera Gel, Chitosan and Sodium Alginate Based Edible Coatings on Postharvest Quality of Refrigerated Strawberry Fruits of cv. Chandler
Authors: Qamar Jahanzaib , Ejaz Shaghef , Anjum Muhammad Akbar , Nawaz Aamir , Hussain Sajjad , Ali Sajid , Saleem Shahzad
Published: September 2020

Strawberry is a non-climacteric fruit but exhibits very limited postharvest life due to rapid softening and decay. Therefore, the current study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different types of edible coatings to extend the postharvest life of strawberry fruit. The strawberry fruits of cultivar Chandler, grown under agro-climatic conditions of Multan, were coated with Aloe vera gel, chitosan (2%) or sodium alginate (2%) and kept in refrigerated storage at 5-7 °C with 50-60% RH for 12 days. The fruits were evaluated for sensory and biochemical quality attributes after every 4 days of storage. The results showed that overall coated fruits had prolonged storage life (8 days) as compared to non-coated fruits (4 days). Aloe vera gel coating maintained various quality attributes of strawberry fruits such as firmness, appearance, TSS (6.8°Brix), titratable acidity (1.14%), pH (3.27), ascorbic acid content (76 mg 100 mL-1), antioxidant activity (93%), anthocyanins (104 mg PE 100 g-1 FW) and total phenolic content (369.45 µg GE mL-1). Generally, all coatings prohibited the decay incidence. The results showed that edible coatings based on Aloe vera gel can be used as an effective alternative for other costly and synthetic chemicals.
Vegetative Propagation of Fig ‘Sawari’ and ‘Tarnab Inzar’ Through Stem Cuttings
Authors: Hussain Ibrar , Samad Abdul , Naeem Nisar , Ziaullah  , Rehman Hafeez ur , Shah Kamran , Zeb Shah , Jan Ayub
Published: September 2020

Fig is a perennial fruit tree with high economic importance among horticultural crops in some countries. The fruit has a good market value, both at national and international level. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of vegetative propagation of fig cvs. ‘Sawari’ and ‘Tarnab Inzar’ through stem cuttings with different lengths, aiming to improve the production of nursery plants. The experiment was carried out from January to April 2017 and it was laid out in randomized complete block design with different sizes of cuttings (10, 15 and 20 cm) examined for two cultivars ‘Sawari’ and ‘Tarnab Inzar’, with three replications keeping 20 cuttings per treatment. The variables studied were number of leaves, number of roots, root length, shoot length, sprouting percentage and survival percentage. Cuttings size of fig cultivars had a significant temporal variation in the percentage of successful rooting and survival of cuttings. Based on data regarding number of leaves, number of roots, root length, sprouting percentage, it was concluded that 20 cm long cuttings collected for both cultivars are the best option for commercial production of fig nursery plants.
Foliar Application of Limewash Improves Vegetative and Reproductive Growth and Fruit Quality of Bell Pepper under Deficit Irrigation
Authors: Hussain Hashim , Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad , Ahmad Touqeer , Ali Irfan , Abbasi Nadeem Akhtar , Siddique Muhammad Tariq
Published: September 2020

A good quality fruit fetches a high market value. Citrus canker disease badly affects quality of citrus fruits including grapefruit. The present study was conducted to find out suitable chemicals, alone or incombination, for the control of citrus canker. The experiment was conducted on 15-year-old disease-affected grapefruit cv. Shamber plants in the orchard of Horticultural Research Station, Sahiwal to control the disease for better quality fruit production. Therefore, four sprays of Aliette (300 g 100 L-1 of water), Bordeaux mixture (1:1:100), Flare (100 g 100 L-1 of water) or Bordeaux mixture + Flare were applied; two in the month of March and other two in the month of August with fifteen days interval along with control (no chemical). Combined application of Bordeaux mixture and Flare reduced the attack of citrus canker on leaves and fruits. Comparatively lower values of affected leaves (1.27%), lesions per leaf (0.40), affected fruits (0.25%) and lesions per fruit (0.22) were observed in the treatment in which a combination of Bordeaux mixture and Flare was sprayed on the plants. The disease percentage was high on leaves and fruits of unsprayed (control) plants, while other thee treatment were in the middle in their efficacy to control the disease.
Evaluation of Economically Important Cultivars of Seed Potato for Minituber Production
Authors: Rehman Fazal , Zaman Muhammad Shah , Khalid Muhammad , Rehman Sohailur , Noor Abdul
Published: September 2020

Experiments were conducted to evaluate mass production of potato minitubers by using in vitro produced plants and sprout cuttings under Gilgit Baltistan conditions. The experiments were arranged in Complete Randomized Design and replicated three times. Four potato cultivars ‘Roko’, ‘Bartina’, ‘Barna’ and ‘Kuroda’ multiplied in vitro through nodal cuttings were planted in a greenhouse. The cultivars showed variation in different parameters studied. Results revealed that cv. ‘Kuroda’ showed greater plant height (103.7 cm), higher total tuber weight per plant (194 g) and the maximum number of minitubers per plant (21.9) as well as total number of minitubers per plot (14,235) from 650 in vitro produced plants, whereas shorter plant height (33.4 cm), lower tuber weight per plant (102.8 g) and the minimum number of minitubers per plant (9.4) and total number of minitubers per plot (6,110) were observed in cv. ‘Bartina’. However, the cultivar Bartina’ produced the maximum number of stems per plant (2.2), while cv. ‘Roko’ had the minimum number of stems per plant (1.4). In another experiment, the cultivars ‘Roko’, ‘Asterix’, ‘Barna’ and ‘Paramount’ were reproduced using sprout cuttings (650 each) grown under screen house conditions. The cultivar ‘Asterix’ developed maximum number of minitubers per plant (5.9) and per plot (3,835 g). However, plant height was greater (93.4 cm) in cv. ‘Paramount’ and total tuber weight per plant was higher (198.3 g) in cv, ‘Barna’. On the other hand, the short plant height (52.2 cm) and lower total tuber weight per plot (144.7 g) were produced in cv. ‘Roko’, and the minimum number of minitubers per plant (4.7) and total minitubers per plot (3,055 g) were observed in variety ‘Barna’. The performance of in vitro produced plants of cv. ‘Kuroda’ was better under greenhouse conditions; while plants of cv. ‘Asterix’ produced through sprout cuttings performed better under screen house conditions.
Deblossoming Monsoon Crop of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Surahi Affects Yield and Quality of Winter Crop
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Azhar , Noreen Ammara , Ikhlaq Muhammad , Shabir Kashif , Altaf Faheem , Akhtar Naheed
Published: September 2020

Monsoon crop of guava is hit by fruit fly during July-August that results into huge loss to the producers. Spray of urea and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) is used to drop flowers and fruits of monsoon crop to get higher yield of winter crop. This study was carried out at Fruit Orchard of Horticultural Research Station, Bahawalpur during 2015-2017 to determine the optimum concentration of selected chemicals to drop flowers and immature fruits of monsoon crop. Plants with distilled water spray were treated as control (T1). Other treatments included urea @ 5% and 10% (T2 & T3), NAA @ 0.05 and 0.1% (T4 & T5) as 1st spray and repeated the same spray after fortnight, combination of urea (5%) as 1st spray followed by NAA (0.05%) as 2nd spray (T6) or urea (10%) 1st spray followed by NAA (0.1%) as 2nd spray (T7). Consolidated means of parameters over two years’ study indicated that the highest fruit yield (68.6 kg/plant), the maximum weight per fruit (168.3 g), number of fruit/plant (375), pulp content (55.5%), pulp thickness (1.05 cm), total soluble solids (14.3 °Brix), ascorbic acid content (176.7 mg / 100 g pulp) and total sugars (7.6%) were obtained as a result of highest flower drop (96.7%) and fruit drop (76.9%) with lowest fruit set (2.9%) from non-target monsoon fruiting in response to 0.1% NAA (T5) sprayed twice at fortnight interval, proceeded after the application of 0.05% NAA two spray fortnightly (T4). The plants under control remained at bottom with respect to parameters i.e. flower and fruit drop, at top with highest fruit setting in monsoon crop that led to the lowest yield of winter crop.
Deu anys de millores en la salut i els hàbits de les generacions nascudes entre 1945 i 1969 a Espanya
Authors: Spijker Jeroen
Published: September 2020

Els estudis de salut i de les tendències de comportament en salut generalment es basen en taxes ajustades o específiques per edat en un moment determinat. Per contra, la perspectiva de cohort o generació de naixement no és tan utilitzada. Aquest fet no permet observar si, a edats iguals, les condicions de salut de la població milloren o empitjoren entre les cohorts. Per cobrir aquest buit, en aquest número de Perspectives Demogràfiques, examinen l’evolució de l’estat de salut de les generacions nascudes a Espanya entre 1945 i 1969. Els resultats mostren que els indicadors de salut s’han mantingut relativament estables amb tendència a millorar, entre els anys 2006-07 i 2014-17 tot i haver experimentat una crisi econòmica i tenir 10 anys més. Ara bé, l’evolució ha estat desigual en funció del nivell d’instrucció, la situació ocupacional i el sexe. La salut dels homes amb feina i més formació, i també la de les dones nascudes als anys seixanta, no es va veure afectada pels canvis econòmics. Per altra banda, els més desafavorits són els homes amb menys nivell d’instrucció nascuts entre 1945 i 1959 a mesura que arriben a l’edat de jubilació i les dones amb feina i nivell baix d’instrucció, probablement a causa de la seva doble càrrega. L’estat de salut de les dones ocupades és sempre pitjor que el dels homes, independentment del seu nivell educatiu.
La vulnérabilité des provinces espagnoles au covid-19 en fonction de leurs structures par âge et de co-résidence : implications pour le (dé) confinement
Authors: Esteve Albert , Permanyer Iñaki , Boertien Diederik
Published: September 2020

Le 11 mars 2020, l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé a qualifié la maladie du coronavirus (COVID-19) de pandémie mondiale. Depuis lors, le nombre de personnes infectées et les décès liés à cette maladie n’a cessé de croître dans l’ensemble des pays du monde, et notamment en Espagne, l’un des pays les plus touchés et les plus vulnérables du fait de son niveau de vieillissement. Les pays font face à cette crise sanitaire avec des ressources et des politiques hétérogènes, mais une stratégie largement utilisée a été le confinement à domicile de la population et l’adoption de mesures de distanciation sociale. Le coronavirus peut infecter des personnes de tout âge, bien que la gravité des symptômes et la mortalité augmentent rapidement avec l’âge (OMS 2020). Par conséquent, la structure par âge de la population (le pourcentage de jeunes et de personnes âgées d’une population) et les schémas de co-résidence (l’âge et le nombre des habitants d’un même ménage) sont des facteurs clefs qui conditionnent à la fois la vulnérabilité des populations au COVID-19 et l’efficacité des stratégies visant à atténuer les effets de cette épidémie. Dans ce numéro de Perspectives Demogràfiques nous analysons comment la structure démographique et la composition des ménages détermine la vulnérabilité au COVID-19 pour l’ensemble de l’Espagne et de ses provinces.
Penerapan Metode FSAW untuk Pengangkatan Karyawan Tetap di PT. HI-LEX Indonesia
Authors: Fatchan Muhamad , Lesmana Hendra , Surojudin Nurhadi
Published: September 2020

HI-LEX Indonesia merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang industri komponen otomotif di Indonesia yang selalu melakukan perekrutan karyawan kontrak yang selanjutnya akan dijadikan pegawai tetap dimana hanya karyawan kontrak yang memiliki potensi dan prestasi bagus yang berhak mendapatkan kesempatan untuk menjadi karyawan tetap. Detail dan rumitnya proses penentuan pegawai tetap pada PT. HI-LEX masih menjadi kendala tersendiri. Pada penelitian akan dilakukan perangkingan terhadap rekomendasi pengangkatan karyawan kontrak menjadi pegawai tetap melalui metode FSAW dengan 12 kriteria standar yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa FSAW mampu menghasilkan ketepatan 100% dalam menghasilkan kebutuhan fungsional yang diharapkan melalui pengujian blackbox, namun sayangnya akurasi yang dihasilkan oleh metode FSAW dalam merekomendasikan karyawan kontrak untuk menjadi pegawai tetap hanyalah 64,55% yang berarti metode ini masih belum mampu secara maksimal merekomendasikan dengan baik
Penerapan Helpdesk System dengan Pengujian Blackbox Testing
Authors: Suwirmayanti Ni Luh Gede Pivin , Aryanto I Komang Agus Ady , Putra I.G.A. Ngurah Wisrama , Sukerti Ni Kadek , Hadi Rosalia
Published: September 2020

PT. Rabik Bangun Pertiwi salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang Jasa Telekomunikasi yaitu di bidang jasa pelayanan Internet yang sudah berkembang sejak tahun 2002. Saat ini, sistem informasi Helpdesk System yang digunakan oleh PT. Rabik Bangun Pertiwi masih dalam proses pengembangan dan masih ada beberapa penyesuaian sehingga diperlukan kembali uji coba untuk memastikan fungsi-fungsi Helpdesk System dalam hal ini fungsi pencatatan kebutuhan dan permintaan pelanggan, pengaturan penjadwalan dan penugasan staf, serta laporan terstruktur sesuai dengan penanganan yang dilakukan kepada masing-masing pelanggan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi PT. Rabik Bangun Pertiwi ada pada pencatatan informasi keluhan maupun kebutuhan para pelanggan secara manual telah memperlambat kinerja dan efektifitas para karyawan di PT. Rabik Bangun Pertiwi, terutama dalam melakukan update atau analisa dari pencatatan history sebelumnya, sehingga memerlukan waktu yang lebih lama dan mengurangi kualitas respon terhadap keinginan pelanggan. Dengan permasalahan tersebut, PT. Rabik Bangun Pertiwi saat ini menggunakan Helpdesk System yang berfungsi untuk membuat tiket permintaan dari pelanggan maupun calon pelanggan (create ticket), update tiket, pendelegasian tugas (assign ticket), dan penjadwalan petugas (ticket schedule). Dengan menerapkan metode Black Box Testing dalam uji coba fungsi-fungsi dari Helpdesk System. Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan hasil yang diperoleh adalah sistem berjalan sesuai dengan tujuan yang diharapkan
Implementasi Block Cipher Electronic Codebook (ECB) untuk Pengamanan Data Pegawai
Authors: Ariandi Wahyu , Widyastuti Susi , Haris Lutfi
Published: September 2020

Data pegawai adalah satu data penting dan basic pada PDAM Tirta Sanita Sumber, dimana data ini akan terhubung keberbagai system seperti kenaikkan pangkat, penggajian, pelaporan dan tanggungjawab pekerjaan. Untuk melindungi kerahasiaan data pegawai dari orang-orang yang tidak berhak, maka pengelola system informasi dapat melakukan pengamanan data melalui Teknik kriptografi, pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan algoritma Electronic Codebook (ECB) untuk mengamankan data pegawai. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil bahwa algoritma ECB mampu melakukan enkripsi dan deskripsi data pegawai pada PDAM Tirta Sanita Sumber dengan baik, sehingga data pegawai dapat terlindungi dari orang-orang yang tidak berhak mengetahui. Melalui hasil uji pada 50 data pengujian, didapatkan ketepatan proses enkripsi dan deskripsi sebesar 96%, hal ini didukung oleh tingkat prosentase kepuasan user terhadap kinerja enkripsi dan dekripsi aplikasi sebesar 82%. Sedangkan dari sisi pengujian fungsionalitas keseluruhan aplikasi secara blackbox didapatkan bahwa aplikasi sudah mampu memenuhi segala kebutuhan fungsionalitasnya dengan prosentase sebesar 100% benar
Effect of Potassium Carbonate Catalyst on Pyrolysis of Milicia excelsa in a Fixed Bed Reactor
Authors: Okekunle Pious O , Awani Oluwatobi S , Jimoh Daniel O
Published: September 2020

The effect of potassium carbonate catalyst on the products distribution from pyrolysis of Milicia excelsa (Iroko) at various temperatures (400, 500 and 600 oC) was investigated. Milicia excelsa sawdust was obtained from a sawmill in Ogbomoso, South-Western Nigeria and was sundried for five days in order to reduce its moisture content. Catalytic pyrolysis of the sawdust was performed with different amounts of catalyst (10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.%). Non-catalytic pyrolysis was also performed for the same temperatures and the products distributions from both batches were compared. Char yield generally increased with increase in catalyst amount for all the temperatures considered. Tar yield did not follow any definite pattern with increasing amount of catalyst as different trends were obtained for different temperatures. Gas yield generally decreased with increase in catalyst amount in the feed. Char yields from non-catalytic experiments were higher than those obtained from catalytic runs, with the highest value of 68% at 400 oC. Tar yields from catalytic pyrolysis were higher than those from non-catalytic process at 400 oC (biomass/catalyst ratio of 90/10) and at 500 oC (biomass/catalyst ratios of 70/70 and 60/40), the highest yield being 29.47% at 500 oC and biomass/catalyst ratio of 60/40. Gas yields from catalytic pyrolysis were higher than those from non-catalytic runs except at 500 oC (biomass/catalyst ratio of 60/40), the highest being 51.3% at 600 oC (biomass/catalyst ratio of 90/10). By making use of appropriate biomass/catalyst ratio and temperature, the yield of liquid fuel from catalytic pyrolysis of Milicia excelsa can be increased.Keywords— Catalyst, potassium carbonate, pyrolysis, biomass, product distribution
Direct Solution of Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations Using a Class of Hybrid Block Methods
Authors: Areo Emmanuel A , Adeyanju Nosimot O , Kayode Sunday J
Published: September 2020

This research proposes the derivation of a class of hybrid methods for solution of second order initial value problems (IVPs) in block mode. Continuous linear multistep method of two cases with step number k = 4 is developed by interpolating the basis function at certain grid points and collocating the differential system at both grid and off-grid points. The basic properties of the method including order, error constant, zero stability, consistency and convergence were investigated. In order to examine the accuracy of the methods, some differential problems of order two were solved and results generated show a better performance when comparison is made with some current methods.Keywords- Block Method, Hybrid Points, Initial Value Problems, Power Series, Second Order