bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Lighting Technologies to Control Galleria Mellonella Behavior
Authors: Kondrat'eva N. P. , Buzmakov D. V. , Il'yasov I. R. , Bol'shin R. G. , Krasnolutskaya M. G.
Published: March 2021

The authors found out that the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) harmed bee colonies by destroying up to 30 percent of honey in a beehive. They studied the results of experiments on controlling its behavior using a developed automated microprocessor system that maintained optical radiation sources duration.

(Research purpose) To develop light technologies using a microprocessor-based automated system that allows controlling Galleria mellonella behavior by realizing attractive optical radiation characteristics.

(Materials and methods) Galleria mellonella behavior was controlled by an automated system that the authors worked out for maintaining the required duration of the experiment and optical radiation parameters. The ATmega328 microcontroller was chosen as the main element of the developed microprocessor automated system. The authors created a program for it using visual programming FLProg version 5.3.0.

(Results and discussion) The authors found that, regardless of the experiment duration, Galleria mellonella butterflies prefered radiation with 400 nanometers wavelength.

(Conclusions) The authors determined that radiation with 400 nanometers wavelength and 10 minutes duration was attractive. They showed the ability to control Galleria mellonella behavior, luring butterflies to a specific place in the beehive with comfortable spectrum parameters. An automated system for controlling the greater wax moth butterfly behavior was developed on ATmega328 microcontroller by implementing attractive optical radiation characteristics.
Ownership structure and women on boards of directors of Canadian listed companies
Authors: Morris Tania , Sodjahin Amos , Boubacar Hamadou
Published: March 2021

This study examines how the structure of shareholder ownership (i.e., management, external blockholders, and board ownership) affects the presence of women on boards of directors. The results of an analysis of a sample of listed Canadian companies for the period 2007-2015, controlling for endogeneity, indicate that the proportion of women sitting on a firm’s board of directors is influenced by its shareholding structure, thus, supporting the view that the two governance mechanisms of gender diversity and shareholder structure can substitute for each other. The results also show that there is a curvilinear relationship between a company’s ownership structure and the proportion of women on its board of directors and audit committee. Indeed, findings show that as the concentration of company ownership increases, the proportion of women on boards of directors decreases to a threshold, following which we observe an increase in the proportion of women sitting on boards of directors and particularly on audit committees
Bases y caminos algebraicos hacia los OLL/PLL del cubo Rubik
Authors: Guzmán Baena Julián , Escobar Escobar Robin Mario , Mayoral Ramírez César Alberto
Published: March 2021

El presente libro pretende realizar un compendio de los resultados del análisis matemático de los movimientos y algoritmos, tanto OLL(Orientation of Last Layer: Orientación de la última capa), como PLL(Permutation of Last Layer: Permutación de la última capa), realizados sobre la última capa en el cubo de Rubik 3x3x3, como un verdadero objeto de Enseñanza – Aprendizaje. Es resultado de una investigación aplicada en estudiantes de la Licenciatura de Matemáticas, como alternativa didáctica en asignaturas tales como Teoría de Grupos, Teoría de Números y Matemáticas Recreativas, con una duración aproximada de dos años, en los que se realizó la búsqueda de información, desarrollo intuitivo, formalización, pruebas de campo con los estudiantes, recolección de resultados, entre otros.
Competencias comunicativas en la educación superior: Fundamentos, procesos y productos
Authors: Agudelo Gil María Gladys , Mesa Mejía Leandro Arbey , Correa Aristizábal Alejandro Alberto , Martínez Botero Gloria Inés
Published: March 2021

Las competencias comunicativas, materializadas en la lectura, la escritura, la escucha y la oralidad, han sido preocupación de la academia durante varias décadas, especialmente en la educación superior, donde se ha presentado de forma extensiva. Por este motivo, un grupo de profesores de los programas de pregrado de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira (UTP) quienes por su formación como lingüistas, pedagogos, literatos e historiadores aportan a la construcción interdisciplinaria, hicieron una revisión a los antecedentes institucionales (Agudelo et al., 2010; Agudelo et al., 2014; Cisneros, 2014), nacionales (Pérez y Rincón 2013) e internacionales (Carlino, 2007; Cassany, 2004; y Herrera et al., 2014); a referentes teóricos que conjugan lo disciplinar, lo pedagógico y lo didáctico en el ámbito que los ocupa (Álvarez, 2010; Argüelles, 2014; Bajtín, 1979; Benveniste, 1977; Bogoya et al., 2000; Cassany, 2004, 2012; Charaudeau, 2004; Díaz, 2014; ...
Plant-plant interactions change during succession on nurse logs in a northern temperate rainforest
Authors: Woods Carrie , Maleta Katy , Ortmann Kimmy
Published: March 2021

Plant-plant interactions can vary depending on the severity of the
environment. Positive interactions, such as facilitation, are important
in early life stages while negative interactions, such as competition,
predominate in later stages. Through succession, plant-plant
interactions often change from facilitative to competitive. In northern
temperate rainforests, gap dynamics result in tree falls that facilitate
tree regeneration (nurse logs) as well as bryophyte succession. While
the importance of nurse logs for tree seedlings is known, how the
interactions of bryophyte communities and tree seedlings vary through
succession of the log remains unclear. We examined the relationships of
tree seedlings, bryophyte community composition, bryophyte depth, and
percent canopy cover in 166 plots on nurse logs and the forest floor in
the Hoh rainforest in Washington, USA. Tree seedling density was highest
on young logs with early-colonizing bryophyte species (e.g., Rhizomnium
glabrescens), and lowest on decayed logs with Hylocomium splendens, a
long-lived moss that reaches depths >20 cm. As a result,
bryophyte depth increased with nurse log decay and was negatively
associated with tree seedling density. Tree seedling density was 4.6x
higher on nurse logs than on the forest floor, which was likely due to
competitive exclusion by H. splendens. Nurse logs had 17 species of
bryophytes while the forest floor had six, indicating that nurse logs
contribute to maintaining bryophyte diversity. Nurse logs are essential
for forest dynamics as they enable both tree seedlings and smaller
bryophyte species to avoid competition with the dominant forest floor
bryophyte, H. splendens. Given that H. splendens has a global
distribution and is often dominant in forested systems across the
northern hemisphere, it is likely a widespread driver of plant community
structure. Our findings indicate that plant-plant interactions shift
with succession on nurse logs from facilitative to competitive and,
thus, influence forest community structure and dynamics.
BNT162b2 Vaccine: possible codons misreading, errors in protein synthesis and alternative splicing's anomalies
Authors: Smith Kira
Published: March 2021

BNT162b2 vaccine against Covid-19 is composed of
an RNA having 4284 nucleotides, divided into 6
sections, which bring the information to create
a factory of S Spike proteins, the ones used
by Sars-CoV-2 (Covid-19) to infect the host. After
that, these proteins are directed outside the cell,
triggering the immune
reaction and antibody production.

The problem is the heavy alteration of the
mRNA: Uracil is replaced to fool the immune system
with Ψ (Pseudouridine); the letters of all
codon triplets are replaced by a C or a G,
to extremely increase the speed of protein
synthesis; replacement of some amino
acids with Proline; addition of a sequence
(3’-UTR) with unknown alteration.

These impairments could cause strong doubts about the
presence of codon usage errors. An
eventual mistranslation has consequences on
the pathophysiology of a variety of diseases.In
addition, mRNA injected is a pre-mRNA, which
can lead to the multiple mature mRNAs; these
are alternative splicing anomalies,
direct source of serious long-term harm on the human
health.

In essence, what will be created may not be
identical with protein S Spike: just an error in
translational decoding, codons misreading, production
of different amino acids, then proteins, to cause
serious long-term damage to human health, despite
the DNA is not modified, being instead in the cell
nucleus and not in the cytoplasm, where the modified mRNA
arrives.

However, in this case, the correlation between speed of
synthesis and protein expression with synthesis
errors, as well as the mechanism that could affect
the translation of the sequence remain obscure,
many trials have not yet been performed.
Predictive value of serum cytokine level in the assessment of complications after liver transplantation
Authors: Maksimova A. Yu. , Bessonova E. N. , Bazarnyy V. V.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. One of the urgent tasks in modern transplantology is the search of biomarkers for predicting and early diagnosis of graft dysfunction.Objective. The study objective was to determine the biomarkers of liver graft dysfunction.Material and methods. We have examined 19 recipients who underwent liver transplantation and 36 healthy blood donors. Levels of 7 serum cytokines were measured by multiparametric fluorescence analysis with magnetic microspheres (xMAP technology, Luminex 200, USA). Statistical analysis was carried out by methods of nonparametric statistics. To determine the predictive value of the test, a ROC-analysis was performed.Results and discussion. We found that the interleukin-8 level was 3.6 times higher in recipients with liver graft dysfunction compared to those who had an uneventful postoperative course. The diagnostic sensitivity of the test was 75%, the specificity was 91%, and negative predictive value was 84.6.Conclusion. Serum interleukin-8 measurement provides a biomarker for early predicting a post-transplant liver graft dysfunction development
Tissue banks. World experience. The history of development and current approaches
Authors: Mironov A. S. , Borovkova N. V. , Makarov M. S. , Ponomarev I. N. , Andreev Yu. V.
Published: March 2021

The article outlines the main stages of the formation, development and specialization of medical institutions associated with the harvesting and procurement of allogeneic tissues, considers the global practice in the field of tissue institutions, taking into account medical and legal aspects. In the second half of the XX century, the tendency has developed towards the consolidation of tissue banks and the expansion of their functional capabilities within individual states. The development of this trend in the late XX - early XXI centuries led to the establishment of international tissue banking associations. The goal of international associations of tissue banks has been to develop cooperation, standardize procedures at all stages of tissue harvesting and procurement, and form an effective legislative framework. In the Soviet Union, the procurement of donor tissues was widely developing, but in the 90s, in our country there was an abrupt decline in this field. To date, in Russia, the harvesting and procurement of allogeneic tissues is carried out in only a few institutions; the development of tissue institutions is difficult due to the lack of an adequate legal framework. The article proposes to legally differentiate the concepts of "organ transplantation" and "tissue transplantation"; as an example, the US experience in this area is discussed.
A percepção de acadêmicos de Ciências Contábeis de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior sobre seu papel em sua formação profissional
Authors: Marinho Caroline Costa , Severiano Vinícius Voigt , Martins Zilton Bartolomeu
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar a percepção de acadêmicos de Ciências Contábeis acerca do papel da instituição de ensino superior em sua formação profissional. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, a pesquisa é classificada com uma abordagem quantitativa, descritiva em relação aos objetivos e de levantamento conforme os procedimentos. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário com 17 (dezessete) questões fechadas, adaptado dos estudos de Degenhart, Turra e Biavatti (2016), Mathias, Serafim Júnior, Besen e Araujo (2018) e Moura e Lima Filho (2019), de forma eletrônica entre abril e maio de 2020 e validado por três professores da área. A população é composta por 101 alunos matriculados do curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma universidade comunitária de Santa Catarina, em 2020/1. A amostra compreendeu 56 acadêmicos que responderam devidamente ao questionário, que corresponde a 55,44% da população. Os dados foram tabulados por meio do Google Formulários® e a técnica utilizada para análise de dados foi a estatística descritiva, por meio da distribuição de frequência relativa. Os principais resultados revelaram que os acadêmicos consideram que a formação dada pela universidade é compatível com a exigida pelo mercado de trabalho, bem como facilita o ingresso do aluno à prática profissional, além de trazer conteúdos específicos trabalhados no decorrer do curso como preparação de atributos, competências e habilidades aos futuros bacharéis em Ciências Contábeis.
Gestão de organizações contábeis brasileiras: uma investigação entre a adoção dos princípios da governança corporativa e a aprendizagem organizacional
Authors: Carvalho Misley Ferreira Viana de , Soares Juliano Lima , Pimenta Daiana Paula
Published: March 2021

Este estudo aborda a associação entre os princípios de governança corporativa e os fatores da aprendizagem organizacional nos escritórios contábeis brasileiros. Os dados primários foram obtidos por questionários eletrônicos com uma amostra final de 207 escritórios. Este estudo é exploratório, de natureza descritiva, realizado em ambiente de campo e classificado como quantitativo. O grau de governança corporativa obtido de 11,70 sinaliza que a adoção dos princípios de governança corporativa está num estágio intermediário e o grau de aprendizagem organizacional auferido de 8,20 demonstra que o ambiente é propício para a aprendizagem organizacional nos escritórios contábeis. À medida que o grau de governança corporativa evolui, naturalmente, ocorre uma potencialização dos fatores de aprendizagem organizacional, tais como diálogo, interação com o ambiente externo, experimentação e propensão para o risco.  Dentre os principais achados desta pesquisa, destaca-se que há um relacionamento positivo entre a adoção dos princípios da governança corporativa e os fatores da aprendizagem organizacional (r=0,244). Quando os níveis de transparência das informações nos escritórios contábeis aumentam, também há um aumento no nível de tratamento justo e equânime entre os sócios e as partes interessadas (r=0,621). Conforme a utilização do diálogo aumenta, como forma de aprendizado, há um aumento na interação com o ambiente externo (r=0,776) e quando sugestões e novas ideias são bem atendidas e aceitas a utilização do diálogo como construção de conhecimentos comuns também aumenta (r=0,722).
Kotona asuvien ikääntyneiden henkilöiden kokemukset fyysisen toimintakykynsä ja itsenäisyytensä ylläpitämisestä
Authors: Tattari Mervi , Suhonen Riitta , Stolt Minna
Published: March 2021

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvata, mitä merkityksiä ikääntyneet kotona asuvat ihmiset antavat fyysiselle toimintakyvylleen sekä mitä keinoja he kuvailevat fyysisen toimintakykynsä ja itsenäisyytensä ylläpitämiseksi. Tutkimus toteutettiin erään länsisuomalaisen kaupungin vanhuspalveluissa. Tutkimuksessa haastateltiin 14 harkinnanvaraisesti valittua, itsenäisesti kotona asuvaa ikääntynyttä henkilöä. Heillä tuli olla diagnosoituna jokin pitkäaikainen terveysongelma tai -ongelmia. Aineisto kerättiin puolistrukturoituna yksilöhaastatteluna syyskuussa 2014 – tammikuussa 2015 ja analysoitiin induktiivisella sisällönanalyysillä. Ikääntyneet olivat tyytyväisiä fyysiseen toimintakykyynsä ja itsenäisyyteensä, joita he pyrkivät monipuolisesti edistämään. He kuvasivat fyysistä toimintakykyään muuttuvana ilmiönä, johon vaikuttivat fyysiset rajoitteet ja pelot. Fyysinen toimintakyky kuvattiin tärkeäksi osaksi hyvinvointia. Ikääntyneet toivoivat fyysisen toimintakykynsä ja itsenäisyytensä säilyvän mahdollisimman pitkään ja avun tarpeen pysyvän vähäisenä. Keinoiksi fyysisen toimintakyvyn ja itsenäisyyden ylläpitämisessä mainittiin liikuntamuodot, apuvälineet, asiantuntija-apu, lääkehoito, ostopalvelut, sosiaalinen verkosto ja ikääntyneen omat keinot. Tutkimuksen tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää ikääntyneiden ihmisten palveluiden kehittämisessä ja heidän fyysisen toimintakykynsä tukemisessa.
Kartoittava kirjallisuuskatsaus ikääntyneiden arkikuntoutuksen ominaispiirteistä
Authors: Niskanen Satu , Forma Leena , Salminen Anna-Liisa , Aho Anna Liisa
Published: March 2021

Arkikuntoutus on yksi kotikuntoutuksen muodoista. Kartoittavan kirjallisuuskatsauksen tarkoituksena on määritellä arkikuntoutuksen ominaispiirteet. Järjestelmällisesti toteutetun kirjallisuushaun aineisto kerättiin kuudesta tietokannasta vuosilta 2007–2018. Mukaan otettiin eri menetelmin toteutettuja tutkimuksia. Katsaukseen valitut artikkelit (n=13) kartoitettiin kuvailevan synteesin avulla. Arkikuntoutuksen tavoitteet liittyivät asiakkaan toimintakyvyn ja itsenäisen suoriutumisen tukemiseen, asiakkaan terveyttä edistävien ja sairauksia ehkäisevien taitojen kehittymiseen sekä asiakkaan osallisuuden ja aktiivisuuden tukemiseen. Arkikuntoutuksen keinoina hyödynnettiin yksilöllistä arkikuntoutusjakson toteutusta, asiakkaan voimaantumisen tukemista, asiakkaan toiminnan mahdollistamista sekä käytettäviä harjoitteita. Käytännössä arkikuntoutuksessa hyödynnetään COPM- tai TARGET-arviointimenetelmiä, fyysistä toimintakykyä tukevia harjoitteita, päivittäisten toimien toistamista, toiminnan ja ympäristön muokkaamista sekä asiakkaan voimaannuttamista. Arkikuntoutuksen organisoinnissa ilmeni työnjakoon, johtamiseen ja kestoon liittyviä ominaispiirteitä, ja arkikuntoutuksen kohderyhmä määriteltiin iän, diagnoosin, toimintakyvyn sekä palvelujen käytön perusteella. Arkikuntoutuksen ominaispiirteiden määrittely sujuvoittaa viestintää ja tukee yhteisen ymmärryksen saavuttamista Suomessa kotikuntoutusmenetelmistä puhuttaessa.
Creación literaria digital y ampliación del campo intelectual: el caso de la tuiteratura
Authors:   , Álvarez Martínez Guadalupe del Socorro
Published: March 2021

La presente investigación surgió como una forma personal de aclarar el panorama literario actual en México ya que, en vista de las múltiples manifestaciones culturales que se observan en cualquier cuenta de Facebook, Twitter, YouTube o Instagram, el cuestionamiento inicial fue hasta qué punto esas manifestaciones podían considerarse dignas de ingresar al mundo del arte. El propósito de este trabajo de investigación es ahondar en las características de la literatura electrónica en general y de la literatura creada en Twitter, en particular. Con ello se pretende mejorar el entendimiento de la literatura electrónica y establecer un punto de partida para esta clase de investigaciones en México. La comparación constante entre los elementos de la literatura tradicional y la electrónica es fundamental para comprender en qué aspectos centrar la investigación y evitar evaluar a la literatura electrónica bajo los mismos parámetros de la literatura tradicional. Esta investigación se enfoca en describir cómo la creación literaria dentro de las plataformas de internet ha permitido que el campo literario se expanda al ciberespacio por lo que el estudio crítico de éstas se vuelve no sólo pertinente sino necesario. Al realizar un contrapunto constante entre las nociones de literatura hegemónica y la actualización de éstas por parte de la tuiteratura se consiguen visualizar los cambios de la tradición literaria. Esta actualización es tan relevante que demostrará cómo la literatura electrónica es parte del devenir histórico de la literatura y que los elementos hegemónicos que llegan a canonizar un género u obra se encuentran presentes en la literatura electrónica por lo que no hay razón para no tomarla como un objeto de estudio representativo de la época actual.
Acute-phase effects of single-time topical or systemic corticosteroid application immediately after hot water-induced burn injury of various grades
Authors: Doi Naotaka , Nakatani Yumi , Inaba Yutaka , Kondo Toshikazu , Furukawa Fukumi , Kanazawa Nobuo
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of corticosteroid application on each grade of burn, and to clarify the underlying mechanisms of the effects, especially in its acute inflammatory phase. To generate three-graded burn models (epidermal burn, or EB; dermal burn, or DB; and subcutaneous burn, or SB), hot water was applied on the back skin of Hos:HR-1 mice. Strongest-class (or high-potent) corticosteroid ointment (DD group) or petrolatum (control group) was applied on the back immediately after the hot water application on mice. Prednisolone sodium succinate (PDN group), 1 mg/kg was orally applied immediately after the hot water application on mice. The mice were sacrificed 1–3 days after hot water application, and the lesional skin samples were provided for histological assessment to enumerate the number of infiltrating inflammatory cells. The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, TNFa, IL-6 and IFNg) in the lesional skin were also investigated. As a result, corticosteroid application suppressed the number of infiltrating inflammatory cells in the DD group of EB and SB at the early phase, and in DB at all time-points. However, the number of infiltrating inflammatory cells increased in EB on day 3. Expression of cytokines was generally suppressed in the PDN group of SB. In the cases of EB and DB, some cytokines had decreased but many of the others showed increased expression. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids are not simple inhibitory effects on inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine production, but exert more complicated effects in vivo.
Coefficient Estimates for Some Subclasses of m-Fold Symmetric Bi-univalent Functions Defined by Linear Operator
Authors: Hussein Dhirgam Allawy Hussein , Mahmood Sahar Jaafar
Published: March 2021

The articles introduces and investigates "two new subclasses of the bi-univalent functions ." These are analytical functions related to the m-fold symmetric function  and  .   We calculate the initial coefficients for all the functions that belong to them, as well as the coefficients for the functions that belong to a field where finding these coefficients requires a complicated method. Between the remaining results, the upper bounds for "the initial coefficients  "are found in our study as well as several examples. We also provide a general formula for the function and its inverse in the m-field. A function is called analytical if it does not take the same values twice .  It is called a univalent function if it is analytical at all its points, and the function is called a bi-univalent if it and its inverse are univalent functions together. We also discuss other concepts and important terms.   .
«Es difícil ser comprendido». Una lectura de JGB 27
Authors: Pichler Axel
Published: March 2021

En la investigación alemana sobre Nietzsche, se ha establecido en los últimos años una práctica de interpretación que se enfoca en la formulación exacta de los textos de Nietzsche. Por lo tanto se denomina textnahe Interpretation (interpretación textual). El presente artículo quiere exhibir esta práctica de interpretación mediante la interpretación de un único texto de Nietzsche – MBM 27 – y hacerla accesible a un público poco familiarizado con la investigación actual en lengua alemana. Para este propósito, después de la interpretación, serán expuestas las suposiciones que implícitamente guían esta práctica de interpretación y serán discutidas sus consecuencias.
Una revisión de la interpretación nietzscheana de Stendhal como «buen europeo»
Authors: Sancho Vich Carlos
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo tiene el propósito de exponer la relevancia de la vida y obra de Stendhal en la reflexión nietzscheana del «buen europeo». Se procede a analizar los elementos que pueden estar en la base de algunas aseveraciones nietzscheanas según las cuales el novelista francés es un anticipado en la adquisición de una perspectiva transcultural y extramoral, y, por ende, un paradigma susceptible de ofrecer orientación al europeo del futuro en un mundo sin patria y sin Dios.
Un lenguaje que no dice nada (y que no se calla jamás). La influencia de Nietzsche en la teoría literaria de Michel Foucault
Authors: Castilla Cerezo Antonio
Published: March 2021

Para mostrar las principales influencias del pensamiento de Nietzsche sobre la teoría literaria de Michel Foucault, este artículo revisa las siguientes cuatro inversiones: en primer lugar, la del modelo comunicativo de Lasswell; segundo, la del platonismo; tercero, la del hegelianismo; cuarto y último, la de schopenhauerianismo, (esta última, tanto en lo que respecta a la metafísica como a la estética). Nos ha parecido que, por contraste con estos referentes, no solo la influencia de Nietzsche sobre Foucault, sino también la posición de este último en relación al fenómeno literario, se clarifican notablemente.
Repeatability, reproducibility, and reference intervals for indices of right atrial longitudinal strain derived from speckle-tracking echocardiography in healthy dogs
Authors: Morita Tomoya , Nakamura Kensuke , Osuga Tatsuyuki , Takiguchi Mitsuyoshi
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine repeatability, reproducibility, and reference intervals of indices of right atrial longitudinal strain (RALS) derived from speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) in dogs without heart disease.

ANIMALS

110 client-owned dogs and 10 laboratory Beagles.

PROCEDURES

To determine intraobserver within-day (repeatability) and interobserver (reproducibility) coefficients of variation, RALS during ventricular systole (εS), ventricular early diastole (εE), and atrial systole (εA), as derived with STE, were obtained by 2 investigators for 5 randomly selected client-owned dogs and analyzed by linear regression. Reference intervals were estimated from the results of all dogs. Correlations between RALS indices (εS, εE, and εA) and sex, age, body weight, heart rate, and blood pressure were determined.

RESULTS

RALS derived from STE showed good intraobserver within-day repeatability and interobserver reproducibility, with coefficients of variation of < 20%. Both εS and εE were significantly negatively correlated with age, but εA was not correlated with age. Indices were not correlated with sex, body weight, or blood pressure.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

RALS indices derived from STE were repeatable and reproducible and were affected by the age of dogs without heart disease. Age should be considered in the interpretation of RALS indices in clinical settings. Further studies are needed to apply RALS indices for assessing dogs with heart disease.
Point shear wave elastography of the liver in healthy adult cats
Authors: Park Saechol , Choi Jeongwoo , Kim Kyeonga , Oh Donghyun , Yoon Junghee , Choi Mincheol
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate stiffness of the liver parenchyma in healthy adult cats by means of point shear wave elastography (PSWE).

ANIMALS

18 client-owned adult (1- to 6-year-old) healthy cats.

PROCEDURES

Echogenicity and echotexture of the liver parenchyma were assessed by means of conventional B-mode ultrasonography. The shear wave velocity (Vs) of the right and left portions of the liver were measured by means of PSWE.

RESULTS

B-mode ultrasonography revealed no abnormalities in echotexture or echogenicity of the liver parenchyma in any cat. Mean (95% CI) Vs in the liver parenchyma was 1.46 m/s (1.36 to 1.55 m/s) for the right portion, 1.36 m/s (1.26 to 1.47 m/s) for the left portion, and 1.43 m/s (1.35 to 1.51 m/s) overall. The difference in mean Vs between the 2 portions of the liver was significant. No significant correlation was found between Vs and body weight or between Vs and the depth at which this variable was measured.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Quantitative PSWE of the liver was feasible in healthy adult cats. The obtained values for Vs may be useful for interpretation of and comparison with values measured in cats with liver disease. Additional research is needed to explore the potential usefulness of PSWE for diagnostic purposes.
AN INVESTIGATION INTO INTERCULTURAL COMPONENTS IN THREE PILOTED ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS FOR VIETNAMESE HIGH SCHOOLS UNDER THE NATIONAL FOREIGN LANGUAGES PROJECT
Authors: Ha Kieu Thi
Published: March 2021

Textbooks, as the main source of teaching material, provide learners with not only language input and practice but also intercultural knowledge and skills to build up learners’ intercultural communication competence (ICC). This study aimed at finding out whether the English textbooks under the National Foreign Languages Project (commonly known as Project 2020, or NFL) implemented in high schools include intercultural elements and help students in improving students’ ICC. The framework by Chao (2011) was used to analyze and categorize the content of the textbooks into different cultural categories. The results of the study indicate that textbook compilers integrated cultural information from various sources including intercultural interactions in the textbook series.
REALIZATION OF INTERPERSONAL MEANING IN U.S PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA’S SPEECH AT VIETNAM CONVENTION CENTRE: A MOOD SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Authors: Hanh Nguyen Thu , Lam Nguyen Tien
Published: March 2021

This study investigated the interpersonal meaning which lies on the diplomatic speech delivered by Barack Obama at Vietnam Convention Centre. The purposes of this study were to describe the construction of the interpersonal meaning of Obama’s speech and the contribution of this construction for interpreting his attitudes towards Vietnam. This study used qualitative approach as its main method and clause was chosen as the unit of analysis. The data for this study were analyzed using the MOOD system, including Mood element, Residue, and Mood types. Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that the interpersonal meaning in Obama’s speech was mainly realized through Mood types, modal auxiliary, subjects and tense shift. The dominant appearance of declarative clauses, the frequent employment of modals will, can, should and have to, the preference for the first person pronouns I and we in the speech means that Obama wanted to give information as much as possible to the audience, to shorten the distance between him (as the representative of the United States) and the audience as well as maintaining an equal, reliant relationship between them.
MOTIVATING SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS: FROM MAJOR L2 MOTIVATION THEORIES TO IMPLICATIONS FOR L2 CLASSROOM PRACTICE AND RESEARCH
Authors: My Truong Thi
Published: March 2021

Motivation has long been emphasized as a determinant factor in a learning process in general, and second language (L2) acquisition in particular. Equivalent to such importance, a vast number of theories and models have been proposed in the literature to explain why students choose to learn a second language. The proliferation of L2 motivational theories and models in the literature, however, might have caused certain confusion to practitioners and researchers in choosing a suitable methodological and theoretical framework for their teaching practice and research. This paper aims to address this concern by critically reviewing the major L2 motivation approaches and their featured L2 motivational models to date, based on which several implications will be made for L2 teachers who seek to create a motivating language teaching practice, and for L2 researchers whose goal is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the construct in their empirical enquiries.
Analisis Perbandingan Algoritma Djikstra, A-Star, dan Floyd Warshall dalam Pencarian Rute Terdekat pada Objek Wisata Kabupaten Dompu
Authors: Umar Rusydi , Yudhana Anton , Prayudi Andi
Published: March 2021

Diera industri 4.0, penggunaan peta tidak lagi berbentuk lembaran ataupun buku. Kini terdapat sebuah layananan peta digital yaitu platform Leafleat.js, yang memudahkan penggunanya untuk mendapatkan informasi rute dari objek ke objek lainnya dan mencari lokasi hampir diseluruh dunia. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan objek yang real yaitu menampilkan lokasi sebenarnya menggunakan platform Leaflet.js dan parameter yang berbeda, dari hal tersebut penelitian ini akan membandingkan kinerja dari Algoritma Dijkstra, A* dan Floyd Warshall untuk menentukan waktu proses pencarian rute terdekat dari objek wisata ke objek wisata lain menggunakan bahasa pemograman PHP. Hasil pengujian program didapatkan jarak dan rute yang sama serta rata-rata waktu proses program yang berbeda. Waktu proses algoritma Dijkstra sebesar 0,0060 detik, algoritma A* sebesar 0,0067 dan algoritma Floyd Warshall sebesar 0,0433 detik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut bahwa algoritma  Dijkstra lebih unggul dalam proses pencarian rute.

 

Abstract

In the industrial era 4.0, the use of maps is no longer made of book sheets. Now a digital map service is available, the Leafleat.js platform, which provides users to get route information from other attractions and find locations that have been saved by the world. In this study using real objects that display the actual location using the Leaflet.js platform and different parameters, from this study will compare the performance of the Dijkstra, A * and Floyd Warshall Algorithms for the process of finding other tourist information using the PHP programming language. The results of testing the program obtained the same distance and route with different program processing time. Dijkstra algorithm processing time is 0.0060 seconds, A* algorithm is 0.0067 and Floyd Warshall algorithm is 0.0433 seconds. Based on these results, Dijkstra is superior in the route search process.
Pembangunan Aplikasi Mobile Pengenalan Objek Untuk Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Supriadi Muhammad Fadhlan , Rachmawati Ema , Arifianto Anditya
Published: March 2021

Penggunaan ponsel sudah sangat erat dengan kehidupaan anak usia dini sehingga menimbulkan beberapa dampak negatif bagi anak usia dini terutama berkurangnya interaksi dengan dunia sekitarnya. Salah satu teknologi yang dapat dikembangkan pada ponsel adalah computer vision. Salah satu penggunaan computer vision adalah object recognition yang memberikan solusi untuk membantu mengenali objek. Pada penelitian ini dibangun sistem pengenalan objek benda di dalam rumah yang diaplikasikan pada ponsel yang diharapkan membantu anak usia dini mengenali benda disekitarnya. MobileNet merupakan salah satu feature extraction yang memiliki kinerja yang baik dan ringan digunakan pada perangkat ponsel. Arsitektur MobileNet terdiri dari layer depthwise convolution dan layer pointwise convolution dalam mengekstraksi fitur. Percobaan ini juga menggunakan arsitektur Single Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) sebagai metode dalam mendeteksi objek. Pre-trained model dari dataset COCO digunakan pada eksperimen, untuk mengenali 20 jenis objek benda di dalam rumah. Dari hasil eksperimen, MobileNetV2 menghasilkan nilai mean Average Precision (mAP) yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan MobileNetV1 dan InceptionV2, yaitu sebesar 99,34%. Abstract Mobile phone usage has been very close to early childhood life, so giving rise to some negative impact on early childhood, especially reduced interaction with the surrounding world. One of the technologies that can be developed on the cellphone is computer vision. One of the uses of computer vision is object recognition that provides solutions to help to recognize objects. This research builds a system for recognition objects inside in house that is developed on a cellphone that is expected to help early childhood recognize objects in the surrounding. MobileNet is one of feature extraction that has good performance and efficient use on a cellphone. MobileNet architecture consists of a depthwise convolution layer and pointwise convolution layer in extracting features. The experiment also uses the architecture of Single Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) as a method of detecting objects. We used MobileNet architecture as a pre-trained model that had previously been trained on COCO datasets, and implement transfer learning for 20 types of objects commonly found inside the house. The experimental result indicates that the mean Average Precision (mAP) of MobileNetV2 could exceed MobileNetV1 and InceptionV2 of 99.34%.
Klasifikasi Tingkat Dehidrasi Berdasarkan Kondisi Urine, Denyut Jantung dan Laju Pernapasan
Authors: Maulana Rizal , Caesardi Muhammad Rheza , Setiawan Eko
Published: March 2021

Dehidrasi merupakan suatu kondisi ketika tubuh kekurangan cairan. Secara umum terdapat tiga tingkatan dehidrasi, yaitu dehidrasi ringan, sedang dan berat. Tingkatan dehidrasi berat sangat berbahaya bagi penderitanya, bahkan dapat mengakibatkan kematian. Untuk mencegah terjadinya tingkatan dehidrasi yang berbahaya, maka diperlukan pendeteksian secara dini agar penderita dehidrasi segera mendapatkan penanganan yang cepat dan tepat. Terdapat beberapa parameter yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi dehidrasi, diantaranya warna dan kadar ammonia pada urine, denyut jantung dan laju pernapasan. Pada penelitian ini, dirancang sebuah sistem klasifikasi tingkatan dehidrasi berdasarkan empat parameter tersebut dengan menggunakan metode klasifikasi k-nearest neighbor.  Sistem yang dirancang mampu memberikan kemudahan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan secara mandiri dan mendapatkan hasil klasifikasi tingkat dehidrasi secara real-time. Dataset yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 75 data yang didapatkan dari pasien diare yang menjalani perawatan di Rumah Sakit. Data tersebut sudah memiliki tingkatan dehidrasi berdasarkan diagnosis dari dokter. Dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, metode k-nearest neighbor memiliki tingkat akurasi terbaik pada penggunaan nilai k=5 dan k=7 dengan nilai akurasi sebesar 96%. Abstract Dehydration is a condition when the body lacks of fluids, caused by the amount of fluid released by the body is greater than the fluids that enters the body. Dehydration is divided into three levels, mild, moderate and severe. Severe dehydration is very dangerous and can even lead to death in patients. To prevent dangerous levels of dehydration, early detection is needed to provide fast and precise treatment to patients. There are several parameters that can be used to detect dehydration, such as color and ammonia levels in urine, heart rate and respiratory rate. This paper designed a system to classify dehydration levels based on these four parameters using k-nearest neighbor classification method. The system is designed to be easy to use independently and provides real-time classification results. There are 75 datasets used in this paper, obtained from diarrhea patients in a hospital in Malang. Each data already has a label in the form of dehydration level based on the doctor’s diagnosis. From the test result, k-nearest neighbor has the best classification accuracy at k=5 and k=7 with the accuracy of 96%.
Implementasi Arsitektur Web Server Cluster Menggunakan Single Board Computer untuk Menunjang Kebutuhan High Availability System
Authors: Setiawan Roisul , Kartikasari Dany Primanita , Rahayudi Bayu
Published: March 2021

Untuk mewujudkan ketahanan pangan, diperlukan mekanisme pengumpulan data secara real-time dari produsen  bahan pangan, pendisitribusi bahan pangan sampai pengolah bahan pangan. Namun tidak semua organisasi yang berkecimpung dalam distribusi pangan memiliki infrastruktur sistem informasi yang cukup baik. Untuk mengatasi kendala infrastruktur, penelitian ini mengusulkan untuk membangun arsitektur web server cluster yang dapat menunjang kebutuhan high availability system menggunakan single board computer.  Komponen arsitektur terdiri dari dua tier yaitu: frontend dan backend. Untuk menjamin kehandalan sistem, arsitektur  yang diusulkan didukung dengan komponen load balancing, mekanisme failover dan replikasi database. Sistem telah diuji berasarkan kebutuhan fungsional dan kebutuhan non-fungsional yang sudah didefinisikan sesuai kebutuhan organisasi. Dari hasil pengujian, tingkat availabilitas yang dihasilkan sebesar 95.83%. AbstractTo achieve food security, a real-time data collection mechanism is needed from food producers, food distribution to food processing. However, not all organizations involved in food distribution have adequate information system infrastructure. To overcome infrastructure constraints, this study proposes to build a web server cluster architecture that can support the needs of a high availability system using a single board computer. The architectural component consists of two tiers, namely: frontend and backend. To ensure system reliability, the proposed architecture is supported by load balancing components, failover mechanisms, and database replication. The system has been tested based on functional requirements and non-functional requirements that have been defined according to organizational requirements. From the test results, the resulting availability level is 95.83%.
Reflexiones sobre el léxico de los bilingües hispano-portugueses en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Luengo José Luis Ramírez
Published: March 2021

Este artículo pretende aportar una reflexión sobre el léxico de los bilingües hispano-portugueses a partir del análisis de quince documentos redactados por tales bilingües en la Argentina del siglo XVIII. Con este propósito, los objetivos que se persiguen son los siguientes:a) establecer el grado de coincidencia léxica entre estas dos lenguas (español/portugués) que se descubre en el corpus: b) describir pautas históricas para analizar los cognados y los préstamos, así como para distinguirlos; y c) estudiar el vocabulario no común presente en los documentos analizados. Se busca, en definitiva, aportar datos que puedan ayudar a entender mejor las características que identifican el contacto lingüístico de estas dos lenguas románicas desde un punto de vista léxico.
Estratégias de neutralização de gênero no Português Brasileiro
Authors: Pinheiro Andrei Ferreira de Carvalhaes , Pinheiro Bruno Felipe Marques
Published: March 2021

No português brasileiro, pode-se assumir que as desinências -o e -a representam as regras gerais de marcação de gênero para masculino e feminino, respectivamente. Porém, tem-se notado a emergência de novas estratégias de marcação gramatical de gênero, entre as quais se observam estratégias desinenciais, como -x (‘alunx’), -@ (‘professor@s’) e -e (‘todes’), e formas pronominais como ‘elu’, ‘ilu’ e ‘ile’, a fim de não se especificar, na estrutura linguística, uma distinção binária de gênero social. O uso dessas estratégias decorre do fato de que há pessoas que não se sentem representadas pelo masculino ou pelo feminino; decorre também da percepção de que as formas de masculino, no português, são comumente empregadas com referência genérica, o que marca como ‘diferentes’ todas as manifestações de gênero não-masculinas, entre as quais se encontram as femininas e as não-binárias. Entretanto, o emprego dessas estratégias de neutralização (ou não especificação) de gênero esbarra em algumas restrições apresentadas pelo sistema linguístico. Portanto, neste ensaio teórico, descrevemos, em linhas gerais, o tratamento do gênero gramatical nos estudos linguísticos e algumas estratégias de não especificação de gênero na gramática do português; identificamos algumas restrições ao seu emprego do ponto de vista estrutural da língua; e visamos a compreender as questões sociais que levam à implementação dos novos usos linguísticos. Entendemos que, como linguistas, precisamos descrever a língua tal como efetivamente é usada e, por meio da reflexão sobre as estratégias de neutralização de gênero, contribuir para os diálogos acerca de um tema tão polêmico e necessário.
Um estudo dos graus de equivalência entre os termos denominativos das partes principais da bicicleta de estrada no Brasil e na França
Authors: MOLINARI Milena de Paula , CURTI-CONTESSOTO Beatriz , BABINI Maurizio
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar a terminologia do domínio do ciclismo, mais particularmente da modalidade ciclismo de estrada, refletindo sobre os diferentes graus de equivalência mantidos entre os termos em português do Brasil e francês da França que denominam as partes principais da bicicleta de estrada. Para tanto, adotamos os princípios teóricos e metodológicos da Terminologia, sobretudo no que tange à Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia (TCT) e aos critérios de delimitação da terminologia em pauta. Além disso, fundamentamo-nos na Terminologia Bilíngue, na medida em adotamos critérios que nos permitiram estabelecer os graus de equivalência entre as unidades terminológicas estudadas. Como resultados principais, verificamos que os graus de equivalência entre esses termos são, em sua maioria, totais. Há, no entanto, sete casos de equivalência parcial, uma vez que consideramos que esses termos não apresentam exatamente o mesmo uso no domínio do ciclismo de estrada no Brasil e na França.
Para uma crítica à noção de diferença
Authors: SILVA Fabio Lopes da , SEVERO Cristine Gorski
Published: March 2021

O texto propõe uma crítica à noção de diferença – e de diversidade – em políticas linguísticas a partir de uma revisão das reflexões de Saussure sobre o conceito de língua. Trata-se de considerar (i) a inscrição da diferença como constitutiva do conceito saussuriano de língua; (ii) a (suposta) tensão entre homogeneidade e heterogeneidade inscrita nesse conceito; (iii) a impossibilidade de um objeto puro. A partir desses elementos, refletimos sobre a noção de diversidade que embala a sociolinguística e as políticas linguísticas, fazendo referência à genealogia desses campos disciplinares e ao modo como eles têm discursivizado as línguas a partir de um fascínio pela diversidade. Por fim, indagamos sobre as origens desse fascínio em diálogo tanto com o papel da diacronia na constituição do objeto saussuriano, como com alguns nomes próprios que nos colocam, genealogicamente, em contato com a questão judaica.
A questão da língua brasileira e o despontar do linguista Gladstone Chaves de Μelo
Authors: JÚNIOR Saul Cabral Gomes
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho, inserido no âmbito da Historiografia Linguística, visa a relacionar a questão da língua brasileira com o contexto histórico-epistemológico em que se inicia a produção metalinguística de Gladstone Chaves de Melo. A fundamentação teórica tem como base a noção de horizonte de retrospecção, estabelecida por Auroux (2006), e, sempre que o material de estudo o permite, faz-se uso da noção de formação discursiva, elaborada por Foucault (1969). Comprova-se que Chaves de Μelo aderiu ao clima de opinião vigente em seu tempo e se opôs à ideia de “língua brasileira”. Conclui-se que Μelo dedicou-se a conservar os laços linguísticos entre Brasil e Portugal, porque identificava nesses vínculos a norma exemplar.
Ordem das palavras nas sentenças Libras no corpus da Grande Florianópolis
Authors: ROYER Miriam , QUADROS Ronice Muller
Published: March 2021

O objetivo de pesquisa é analisar a estrutura das sentenças na Libras, com foco na ordem das palavras em estruturas com argumentos produzidos no Corpus de Libras com surdos da Grande Florianópolis. O estudo analisou interações em Libras, anotadas por meio do Sistema Eudico Annotator (ELAN). A análise dos dados foi feita a partir dessas unidades sintáticas com anotações específicas dos componentes de cada sentença. Para esta pesquisa, o foco foi nas sentenças com os argumentos pronunciados abertamente identificando-se os argumentos e suas posições sintáticas. Esta pesquisa verificou que a ordem básica das palavras na Libras em sentenças menos marcadas com argumentos pronunciados é SVO, confirmando estudos previamente publicados com base em dados elicitados (por exemplo, Quadros (1999) e Ferreira-Brito (1995)).