bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bois et Forêts des Tropiques, numéros spéciaux et nouveau comité éditorial
Authors: Trébuchon Jean-François
Published: September 2023

En 2022, deux grandes réunions consacrées à l’Agroforesterie se sont tenues : l’Euraf 2022, du 16 au 20 mai 2022, 6e Conférence européenne d’agroforesterie, en Italie ; et le 5e Congrès mondial de l'agroforesterie, du 17 au 20  juillet 2022 au Canada. Les organisateurs du Congrès mondial de l’Agroforesterie (Bissonnette et al.) ont joué le jeu en relayant l’appel à publier dans un numéro spécial de la revue Bois et Forêts des Tropiques. Quelques conférenciers présentaient des résultats de leurs travaux dans les zones méditerranéennes ou tropicales. Les auteurs ayant tenu les délais et les exigences de la revue voient leur engagement récompensé par la publication dans un numéro spécial qui s’étendra sur deux numéros Le nombre d’articles ayant été plus grand que la capacité d’un volume, quelques articles seront publiés dans le numéro suivant.

En 2023, la réunion IRG54 du Groupe international de recherche sur la protection du bois s’est tenue du 28 mai au 1er juin 2023 en Australie. Certains articles présentés lors de la session spéciale sur « Les bois tropicaux : chimie de la durabilité naturelle et conférée » seront évalués et publiés pour un prochain numéro spécial consacré à la durabilité des bois. La soumission des manuscrits approche de l’échéance et les auteurs peuvent toujours proposer leurs travaux.

Pendant ce temps, la revue Bois et Forêts des Tropiques a renouvelé en grande partie le comité éditorial en accueillant de nouvelles personnes sélectionnées pour accompagner la revue et y siéger en tant que membre. Elles représentent un échantillon de la diversité des recherches forestières appliquées qui sont publiées dans la revue. Nous les remercions de l’attention que chacune d’elles porte à la mission de la revue. Comme l’expose leur mission, nous les encourageons de nouveau à poursuivre l’amélioration des articles soumis et publiés, la proposition de manuscrits de leur entourage de doctorants et de chercheurs confirmés, et la suggestion de relecteurs internationaux potentiels. Le comité éditorial est constitué pour une durée de trois années.
Tarihin Estetik Dönüşümü: Edebi Bir Ükronya Örneği Olarak Stefan Köhler’in Deutschlands Rückkehr İsimli Romanı
Authors: ARSLAN KARABULUT Müge
Published: September 2023

Yaşanan tarihsel olaylar mevcut dönemin bakış açısıyla değerlendirildiğinde olası farklı sebep ve sonuçlar akla getirebilir. Bu tarz bir yaklaşımla tarihsel olan geçmişten beri alternatifleri ile kurgulanır. Böylece edebiyatbilimde bilim kurgu türünün bir alt dalı olarak ortaya çıkan ükronya/alternatif tarih yazımı gelişir. Ükronya, en genel anlamda dünya tarihinde yaşanmış olaylara farklı bakış açıları sunarak olası bir tarih yaratımını imler. Stefan Köhler’in 2021 yılında yayınlanan Deutschlands Rückkehr isimli romanı, edebi bir ükronya örneği olarak İkinci Dünya Savaşını yeniden kurgular ve Adolf Hitler’i farklı bir maceraya sürükler. Bu çalışmada öncelikle güncel bir tür olan ükronyaya ait genel bilgiler verilecek, sonrasında Köhler’in romanı edebi bir ükronya örneği olarak incelenecektir. Böylece romanda dönüşen tarihe dair izler gözler önüne serilecektir. Kurgu ve tarihin bir araya gelişi ve tarihin ükronik yazınsallaştırılması metne dayalı yöntemle irdelenerek alan çalışmalarına katkı sağlamak amaçlanmaktadır.
Treatment results of cardiac tamponade due to thoracic trauma at Jeju Regional Trauma Center, Korea: a case series
Authors: Oh Jeong Woo , Chae Minjeong
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the treatment results of patients with traumatic cardiac tamponade after the opening of Jeju Regional Trauma Center.Methods: We analyzed the treatment outcomes of patients with traumatic cardiac tamponade who were treated at Jeju Regional Trauma Center from January 2018 to August 2022.Results: Seven patients with traumatic cardiac tamponade were treated. The male to female ratio was 1.33:1 (four male and three female patients) and the average age was 60.3±7.2 years. The mechanism of injury was blunt trauma in six cases and penetrating injury in one case. Upon arrival at the emergency department, pericardiostomy was performed in four cases, and an emergency operation was performed in six cases. Pericardiostomy alone was performed in one patient, who had cardiac tamponade due to extrapericardial suprahepatic inferior vena cava rupture. The causes of cardiac tamponade were right atrium appendage rupture in one case, right ventricle rupture in one case, inferior vena cava rupture in two cases, right atrium and left atrium rupture in one case, both atria and left ventricle rupture in one case, and intercostal artery rupture in one case. In three cases, intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass was required. Two of the seven patients died (mortality rate, 28.5%). Conclusions: Relatively favorable treatment results were observed for traumatic cardiac tamponade patients after Jeju Regional Trauma Center was established.
Homogenization of Smoluchowski Equations in Thin Heterogeneous Porous Domains
Authors: Noucheun Reine Gladys , Woukeng Jean Louis
Published: September 2023

We carry out in a thin heterogeneous porous layer, the multiscale analysis of Smoluchowski's discrete diffusion-coagulation equations describing the evolution density of diffusing particles that are subject to coagulate in pairs. Assuming that the thin heterogeneous layer is made of microstructures that are uniformly distributed inside, we obtain in the limit an upscaled model in lower space dimension. We also prove a corrector-type result very useful in numerical computations. In view of the thin structure of the domain, we appeal to a concept of two-scale convergence adapted to thin heterogeneous media to achieve our goal.
Oligodontia in the Clinical Spectrum of Syndromes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Castilho Natália Lopes , Resende Kêmelly Karolliny Moreira , Santos Juliana Amorim dos , Machado Renato Assis , D. Coletta Ricardo , Guerra Eliete Neves Silva , Acevedo Ana Carolina , Martelli-Junior Hercílio
Published: September 2023

The aim of this systematic review was to describe clinical and genetic features of syndromes showing oligodontia as a sign. The review was performed according to the PRISMA 2020 checklist guidelines, and the search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Web of science, Livivo and EMBASE and supplemented by a gray literature search on Google Scholar and ProQuest, applying key terms relevant to the research questions. The systematic review identified 49 types of syndromes in 91 studies, and the most common was hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, which was reported in 24 patients in 22 studies. Other commonest syndromes that reported oligodontia included Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, Witkop’s syndrome, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, blepharocheilodontic syndrome and oculo-facio-cardio-dental syndrome. The X-linked mode of inheritance was the most reported (n=14 studies), followed by the autosomal dominant (n=11 studies). The review describes the main syndromes that may have oligodontia as a clinical sign and reinforce the need of oro-dental-facial examining for adequate diagnosis and treatment of the affected patients. Molecular analysis in order to better understand the occurrence of oligodontia is imperative.
Monitoring Distribution of the Therapeutic Agent Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) via Solvatochromic Shift of the Albumin-Bound Indocyanine Green
Authors: Cho Jaedu , Nouizi Farouk , Kim Chang-Seok , Gulsen Gultekin
Published: September 2023

We recently developed a novel hyperspectral excitation-resolved near-infrared fluorescence imaging system (HER-NIRF) based on a continuous-wave wavelength-swept laser. In this study, this technique is applied for measuring the distribution of the therapeutic agent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by utilizing solvatochromic shift in the spectral profile of albumin-bound Indocyanine green (ICG). Using wide-field imaging in turbid media, complex dynamics of albumin-bound ICG is measured in mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water. Phantom experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the HER-NIRF system. The results show that the distribution of DMSO can be visualized in the wide-field reflection geometry. One of the main purposes of the DMSO is to act as a carrier for other drugs, enhancing their effects by facilitating skin penetration. Understanding solubility and permeability of drugs in vivo is very important in drug discovery and development. Hence, this HER-NIRF technique has a great potential to advance the utilization of the therapeutic agent DMSO by mapping its distribution via solvatochromic shift of ICG. By customizing the operational wavelength range, this system can be applied to any other fluorophores in the near infrared region and utilized for a wide variety of drug delivery studies.
Investigating Correlations and Calibration of SMAP-Sentinel L2 and In-situ Soil Moisture in Thailand
Authors: Jotisankasa Apiniti , Torsri Kritanai , Supavetch Soravis , Sirirodwattanakool Kajornsak , Thonglert Nuttasit , Sawangwattanaphaibun Rati , Faikrua Apiwat , Peangta Pattarapoom , Akaranee Jakrapop
Published: September 2023

Soil moisture plays a crucial role in various hydrological processes and energy partitioning of the global surface. The Soil Moisture Active Passive-Sentinel (SMAP-Sentinel) remote sensing technology has demonstrated a great potential in monitoring soil moisture at a scale greater than 1 km. This capability can be applied to improve weather forecast accuracy, enhance water management for agriculture, and climate-related disasters. Despite the techniques increasing used worldwide, its accuracy still requires field validation in specific regions like Thailand. In this paper, we report on extensive in-situ monitoring of soil moisture (from surface up to 1 m depth) at 10 stations across Thailand spanning the years 2021 to 2023. The aim was to validate SMAP surface soil moisture (SSM) Level 2 product over a period of two years. Using one month averaging approach, the study revealed linear relationships between the two measurement types, with the coefficient of determination (R-squared) varying from 0.13 to 0.58. Notably, areas with more uniform land use and topography such as croplands tended to have a better coefficient of determination. We also conducted detailed soil core characterization, including soil-water retention curves, permeability, porosity, and other physics properties. These soil properties were then used for estimating the correlation constants between SMAP and in-situ soil moistures using multiple linear regression. The results demonstrated R-squared values between 0.933 and 0.847. An upscaling approach of SMAP was proposed which showed a promising results when using 3-month average of all measurements in cropland together. The finding also suggest that the SMAP-Sentinel remote sensing technology exhibits significant potential for accurate soil moisture monitoring in diverse applications. Further validation efforts and research, particularly in terms of root zone depths and area-based assessments, especially in the agricultural sector, can greatly improve the technology’s effectiveness and usefulness in the region.
Revisiting the Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis: The Method, Its Extensions and Its Algorithms
Authors: Pau Figuera , Pablo Garcia Bringas
Published: September 2023

Probabilistic latent semantic analysis is a statistical technique developed for information retrieval and spanned many fields. It yields intuitive and solid results. However, the rigidity of the assumptions and the iterative nature derived from the Expectation-maximization algorithm generate several problems, dividing detractors and enthusiasts. In this manuscript, we first describe the Probabilistic latent semantic analysis. After, we discuss reformulations that attempt to solve these problems. We pay special attention to the works relating Probabilistic latent semantic analysis and the Singular value decomposition Theorem. Also, Probabilistic latent semantic analysis can be the basis for other techniques, such as kernelization or probabilistic transfer learning, and those that extend the descriptive character of the Principal component analysis to an inferential tool and open a window of opportunities.
Comparative Genomic Analysis Reveals Emergence of ST-231 and ST-395 Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Associated with High Transmissibility of blaKPC Plasmids
Authors: ALMuzahmi Muna , Rizvi Meher , AL-Quraini Manawr , AL-Muharrami Zakariya , AL-Jabri Zaaima
Published: September 2023

Conjugative transposons in Gram-negative bacteria have a significant role in the dissemination of antibiotic-resistance-conferring genes between bacteria. This study aims to genomically characterize plasmids and conjugative transposons carrying integrons in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Genetic composition of conjugative transposons and phenotypic assessment of 50 multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates from Tertiary-care Hospital (SQUH), Muscat, Oman was investigated. Horizontal transferability was investigated by filter- mating conjugation experiments. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to determine the sequence type (ST), acquired resistome and plasmidome of integron-carrying strains. Class 1 integron was detected in 96% of isolates and among integron-positive isolates, 18 stains contained variable regions. Horizontal transferability by conjugation confirmed the successful transfer of integrons between cells and WGS confirmed their presence in conjugative plasmids. Dihydrofolate reductase (dfrA14) was the most prevalent (34.8%) gene cassettes in class 1 integrons. MLST analysis detected predominantly ST-231 and ST-395. BlaOXA-232 and blaCTX-M-15 were the most frequently detected carbapenems and beta-lactamases in sequenced isolates. This study highlighted the high transmissibility of MDR-conferring conjugative plasmids in clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. Therefore, the wise use of antibiotics and the adherence to effective infection control measures are necessary to limit further dissemination of multidrug-resistant organisms.
Intelligent and Active Packaging: A Review of the Application of Cyclodextrins for Improvement Food Quality
Authors: Puebla-Duarte Andres Leobardo , Santos-Sauceda Irela , Rodríguez-Félix Francisco , Iturralde-García Rey David , Fernández-Quiroz Jesús Daniel , Perez-Cabral Ingrid Daniela , Del-Toro-Sánchez Carmen Lizette
Published: September 2023

Cyclodextrin (CD) is made up of 7 glucose molecules linked in a ring, creating a cone shape. Its interior can house hydrophobic molecules while the exterior is hydrophilic enough to interact with water molecules. Until now, this feature has been used for the development of active and intelligent packaging applied to food, interacting with the product or its environment to improve one or more aspects of its quality or safety. As well, it is used to provide information on monitoring the time in which food is optimal for consumption, an aspect considered very important for the consumer and for the merchant. A known problem with some of these types of packaging is that the bioactive compounds that are housed in the CD can interact with food and can modify its taste, smell, color and/or texture. Therefore, this review will focus on discerning which packaging is most appropriate for each situation.
On the Variational Treatment of a Class of Double-Well Oscillators
Authors: Fernandez Francisco , Garcia Javier
Published: September 2023

We compare the well known Rayleigh-Ritz variational method (RRVM) with a recently proposed approach based on supersymmetric quantum mechanics and the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization method (SSQMGS). We apply both procedures to a particular class of double-well harmonic oscillators that had been conveniently chosen for the application of the latter approach. The RRVM eigenvalues converge smoothly from above providing much more accurate results with less computational effort. Present results show that the unproved SSQMGS upper bounds do not hold.
Accessing Meals on Wheels: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Experiences of Service Users and People Who Refer Them to the Service
Authors: Papadaki Angeliki , Wakeham Mary , Ali Becky , Armstrong Miranda , Willis Paul , Cameron Ailsa
Published: September 2023

Meals on Wheels (MoWs) provide access to daily meals and social contact to adults with care and support needs.MoWs could be essential for the increasing rates of an ageing population and adults living with complex needs in England, yet many do not know that the service exists. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of MoWs service users, and people who refer them to MoWs (‘referrers’), with accessing and setting up the service in England, and what information would be valued when considering accessing MoWs services.Semi-structured interviews were conducted in May-July 2022 with seven service users and 21 referrers, recruited from four MoWs providers across England. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Participants indicated various pathways into the service, but referrers (family members) were more likely to be the ones enquiring about, and setting up, MoWs for service users. Once an enquiry about MoWs had been made, the service was perceived as straightforward to set up.However, existing preconceptions and stereotypes about the service (e.g. bringing to mind ‘school meals’, aimed solely at older adults) were perceived to act as barriers to accessing MoWs.Information that participants deemed important to have available when deciding on whether to access MoWs related to the meals (e.g. nutritional value, variety, need for any preparation, catering for individual needs), the specific services provided (e.g. wellbeing checks, daily social contact), the reliability and flexibility of delivery, and the cost of services. These findings could inform MoWs providers’ public awareness strategies about MoWs, in order to facilitate referrals to the service for adults with care and support needs.
Path Planning of Unmanned Surface Vehicle Based on Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm
Authors: Liu Guang zhong , Zhang Sheng , Ma Guo jie , Pan Yi peng
Published: September 2023

In order to solve the problem of many constraints and complex navigation environment in the path planning of unmanned surface vehicle(USV), an improved Sparrow search algorithm com-bining Cubic chaotic map and Gaussian random walk strategy was proposed to plan it. Firstly, in the population initialization stage, Cubic chaotic map was used to replace the random generation method of the traditional sparrow search algorithm to optimize the uneven initial distribution of the population and improve the global search ability of the population. Secondly, in the late it-eration of the algorithm, the standard deviation of fitness is introduced to determine whether the population is trapped in the local optimum. If true, the Gaussian random walk strategy is used to perturb the optimal individual and assist the algorithm to escape the local optimum. Thirdly, the chosen water environment is modeled, and the navigation information of the original inland electronic navigation chart(ENC) is preprocessed, gridized, and the obstacle swelling is processed. Finally, the path planning experiments of USV are carried out in inland ENC grid environment. The experimental results show that, compared with the traditional sparrow search algorithm, the average fitness value of the path planned by improved sparrow search algorithm is reduced by 14.8%, and the variance is reduced by 49.9%. The path planned by the algorithm is of good quality and high stability, and combined with ENC, it can provide a reliable path for USV.
The Use of a Digital Brix Refractometer to Estimate Cheese-Making Constituents in Ewes’ Milk
Authors: Todaro Massimo , Gannuscio Riccardo , Mancuso Isabella , Ducato Barbara , Scatassa Maria Luisa
Published: September 2023

In this study, 737 individual sheep milk samples were collected to evaluate the relationships between Brix refractometer measurements and milk constituents—particularly, protein and fat percentages—with the aim of verifying the ability of the refractometer to predict milk constituents. The Pearson's simple (rSP) and partial (rPP) correlations between milk constituents were calculated, and several first- and second-order regressions were tested to predict the protein and fat percentages. The results of the forecasts can be considered satisfactory only for the simple regression that predicted the percentage of milk protein through the measurements read with the Brix refractometer (PRT = -2.996 + 0.639*Brix), while the regression that predicted the percentage of fat + milk protein presented a weak forecasting capacity, which was probably due to the absence of partial correlations between the Brix refractometer measurements and the fat percentage.
Comparison of Early Versus Traditional Rehabilitation Protocol after Rotator Cuff Repair: An Umbrella-Review
Authors: Paolucci Teresa , Agostini Francesco , Conti Marco , Cazzolla Sara , Mussomeli Elena , Santilli Gabriele , Poso Federica , Bernetti Andrea , Paoloni Marco , Mangone Massimiliano
Published: September 2023

Rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair is crucial for functional recovery and for minimizing the risk of retear. There are two rehabilitation protocols (early and traditional) and the debate about which is the best is still open. This umbrella review aimed to compare the effect of these rehabilitation protocols in terms of reduction of pain, functional recovery and retear risk. We selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between 2012 to 2022 dealing with the aim. Nineteen systematic reviews were included. No significant differences were found between early and traditional protocols in terms of pain reduction. Early rehabilitation provided better short-term results regarding Range of Motion improvement, but long-term functional outcomes were similar. Retear risk remains a significant concern for the early protocol. We found major differences between the analyzed protocols. This review suggests that both protocols are useful to recover global shoulder function, but the standard protocol has a greater safety profile for larger tears. On the other hand, the early protocol may be preferable for smaller lesions, allowing a faster recovery and having less impact on medical costs. Further research is needed to identify optimal rehabilitation strategies tailored to the individual patient's needs and characteristics.
Understanding Public Perception of Air Quality in Emerging Economies: An Empirical Assessment Using Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Agibayeva Akmaral , Tleuken Aidana , Karaca Ferhat , Avcu Egemen , Guney Mert
Published: September 2023

Despite air pollution being a leading cause of health issues in developing nations, public awareness and understanding of local air quality remains notably low. The present study assesses the perception, attitude, and environmental knowledge of local air pollution among adult urban residents (n=870) in a city with leading air pollution rates among cities of emerging economies: Astana, Kazakhstan. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to investigate the causal relationship between perceived air quality, environmental literacy, and willingness to pay (WTP) for environmental protection. Findings indicate over 40% of residents neither consider the city being highly polluted nor recognize the association between air quality and adverse health outcomes, correlated with a generally low level of environmental literacy. The age, education, and health status of the participants significantly affected (p<.001) their level of environmental knowledge and awareness. The SEM analysis indicates that knowledge is the major determinant in improving public awareness and perception of local air pollution (path value=0.626). Moreover, a close association between WTP and environmental attitude was also evident (path value=0.533). The findings of the present study may provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals, environmental researchers, and governmental institutions for implementing more effective public interventions to protect local air quality.
Invasions and Local Outbreaks of Four Species of Plague Locusts in South Africa: A Historical Review of Outbreak Dynamics and Patterns
Authors: Price Roger Edward
Published: September 2023

The current paper provides a detailed review of the historical outbreaks of each of the four plague locust species found in South Africa, namely the brown locust, the African migratory locust, the red locust and the southern African desert locust. The history and dynamics of the plague infestations and the major local outbreaks are summarized. The typical patterns of the outbreaks of the different species are described and the threat of these locusts to agriculture in South Africa is defined. The brown locust produces regular outbreaks in the semi-arid Karoo, with large-scale eruptions of plague proportions occurring once or twice per decade. Patterns of outbreaks often repeat themselves, but the sheer size of the plague outbreaks are almost impossible to stop and the brown locust has the potential to threaten food security throughout southern Africa. The African migratory locust produces outbreaks in some of the main maize and wheat cropping areas where it is difficult to control. This locust has taken advantage of the man-made crop environment to produce an extra generation per year that was not previously possible in the original grasslands. The coastal area of KwaZulu Natal in South Africa was a prime reception and breeding area for plague invasions of the red locust in the past and the country therefore relies on the successful control of outbreaks in east and central Africa into prevent the recurrence of the plague invasions. The southern African desert locust occurs in the Kalahari Desert area and outbreaks requiring chemical control are rare.
A 3-Level Memory Architecture for Brain Modelling
Authors: Greer Kieran
Published: September 2023

This paper describes a memory model with 3 levels of information. The lower-level stores source data, is Markov-like and unweighted. Then a middle-level ontology is created from a further 3 phases of aggregating source information, by transposing from an ensemble to a hierarchy at each level. The ontology is useful for search processes and the aggregating process transposes the information from horizontal set-based sequences to more vertical typed-based clusters. The base memory is essentially neutral, where any weighted constraints or preferences should be sent by the calling module. This therefore allows different weight sets to be imposed on the same linking structure. The success of the ontology typing is open to interpretation, but the author would suggest that when clustering text, the result was types based more on use and context, for example, 'linking' with 'structure' or 'provide' with 'web,' for a document describing distributed service-based networks. This allows the system to economise over symbol use, where links to related symbols will be clustered together. The author then conjectures that a third memory substrate would be more neural in nature and would include functions or operations to be performed on the data, along with related memory information.
Cervical Foraminal Changes in Patients with Intermittent Arm Radiculopathy Studied with a New MRI Compatible Compression Device
Authors: Hutchins John , Hebelka Hanna , Svensson Pär-Arne , Myklebust Tor Åge , Lagerstrand Kerstin , Brisby Helena
Published: September 2023

Diagnosing cervical foraminal stenosis with intermittent arm radiculopathy is chal-lenging due to discrepancies between MRI findings and symptoms. This can be attributed to the fact that MRI images are often obtained in a relaxed supine position. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the Dynamic MRI Compression System (DMRICS) and to assess possible changes in cervical foramina, with both quantitative measurements and qualitative grading systems, with MRI during a simulated Spurling test. Ten patients (5 women and 5 men, ages 29-45) with previously confirmed cervical foraminal stenosis underwent MRI scans using DMRICS. MRIs were acquired in both relaxed and provoked states. A radiologist assessed 30 foramina (C4-C7) on the symptomatic side in both patient positions. Quantitative and qualitative measures were performed including the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and the Park and Kim grading systems. The provoked state induced concordant neck and arm pain in 9 of 10 patients. Significant shifts in Park and Kim fo-raminal gradings were noted: 13 of 27 Park gradings and 9 of 27 Kim gradings escalated post-provocation. No quantitative changes were observed. This pilot study indicates that the DMRICS device has potential to improve diagnostic accuracy for cervical radicu-lopathy, demonstrating induced cervical foraminal changes during a simulated Spurling test while performing MRI.
GARMA, HAR and Rules of Thumb for Modelling Realised Volatility
Authors: Allen David Edmund , Peiris Shelton
Published: September 2023

. This paper features an analysis of the relative effectiveness of a
variety of methods of modelling Realised Volatility (RV), namely:
the use of Gegenbaur processes in Auto-Regressive Moving Average format,
GARMA, as opposed to Heterogenous Auto-Regressive HAR models and simple rules of thumb. The analysis is applied to two data sets that feature the RV
of the S&P500 index, as sampled at 5 minute intervals, provided by
the Oxford Man RV database. The GARMA model does perform slightly
better than the HAR model, but both models are matched by a simple
rule of thumb regression model based on the application of lags of
squared, cubed and quartic, demeaned daily returns.
The Past, Present and Future of Wheat Dwarf Virus Management- A Review
Authors: Pfrieme Anne-Kathrin , Will Torsten , Pillen Klaus , Stahl Andreas
Published: September 2023

Wheat dwarf disease (WDD) is an important disease of monocotyledonous species, including economically important cereals. The causative pathogen, the wheat dwarf virus (WDV), is a monopartite Mastrevirus that has a circular single-stranded (ss)DNA genome and is transmitted persistently and propagatively mainly by the leafhopper Psammotettix alienus. The disease can induce high yield losses in many European countries in a range of 20-100%. Due to climate change the periods of vector activity increased and the vectors spread to new habitats, leading to an increased importance of WDV in large parts of Europe. In the light of integrated pest management approaches cultivation practices and the use of resistant/tolerant host plants are currently the only effective methods for controlling WDV. To date, there is limited knowledge of the pathosystem and epidemiology of the disease. The few sources of genetic tolerance, indicate the need for further research. Considering the economic importance of the disease, and its likely increasing relevance in the coming decades, this review was prepared to compile and update knowledge on aspects of WDV.
Advances in Biosynthesis of Non-canonical Amino Acids (ncAAs) and the Methods of ncAAs Incorporation into Proteins
Authors: Chen Liang , Xin Xiulan , Zhang Yuning , Li Shunyao , Zhao Xiaoman , Li Song , Xu Zhaochu
Published: September 2023

The emergence of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) has enriched the functional pool inherent in canonical amino acids (cAAs). ncAAs are important building blocks in the production of various pharmaceuticals. The biosynthesis of ncAAs has emerged as an alternative to traditional chemical synthesis because of its environmental friendliness and high efficiency. The breakthrough genetic code expansion (GCE) technique developed in recent years has allowed for the incorporation of ncAAs into target proteins, giving them special functions and biological activities. Biosynthesis of ncAAs and their incorporation into target proteins within a single microbe has become an enticing application of such molecules. Based on that, in this study we first review the biosynthesis methods for ncAAs and analyze the difficulties in biosynthesis. We then summarize the GCE methods and analyze their advantages and disadvantages. Further, we review the application progress of ncAAs and anticipate the challenges and future development directions of ncAAs.
Understanding the Immunopathology of HTLV-1-Associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Nakahata Shingo , Enriquez-Vera Daniel , Jahan Ishrat M , Sugata Kenji , Satou Yorifumi
Published: September 2023

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). HTLV-1 carriers have a life-long asymptomatic balance between infected cells and host antiviral immunity, but 5–10% of carriers lose this balance and develop ATL. Coinfection with Strongyloides also promotes ATL development, suggesting that the immunological status of infected individuals is a determinant of viral pathogenicity. As CD4+ T cells play a central role in host immunity, deregulation of their function and differentiation by HTLV-1 promotes the immune evasion of infected T cells. During ATL development, the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in key host immunity-related genes further disturbs immunological conditions. Various therapeutic approaches have been developed to treat these abnormalities. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently the only treatment with the potential to cure ATL; however, the patient's immune state may also contribute to its outcome. Additionally, the activity of the anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 antibody, mogamulizumab, also depends on immune functions, such as antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the immunological pathogenesis of HTLV-1 infection in ATL and integrate clinical findings to determine the factors to be considered for developing treatment strategies for ATL.
Basic Health Service Delivery to Vulnerable Populations in Post-Conflict Eastern Congo: Asset Mapping
Authors: Bwirire Dieudonne , Crutzen Rik , Letschert Rianne , Ntabe Namegabe Edmond , De Vries Nanne
Published: September 2023

Populations with healthcare needs often reside in post-conflict settings where basic services needed to maintain good health may be non-existent or hard to access. Therefore, there is a need for better identification and reallocation of resources as part of the post-conflict health rehabilitation effort. This study applies an asset-based approach to explore the more optimal design of health services and to identify the resource constraints for basic health service delivery to the most vulnerable communities in eastern Congo. We implemented the asset mapping in two phases. Firstly, we combined a qualitative survey with community walks to identify the assets already present in the communities. Secondly, we conducted group discussions to map out assets that are the core of Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) practice. We finally documented all assets in a Community Asset Spreadsheet. Overall, 209 assets were identified as available and potentially valuable resources for the communities in eastern Congo. Among them, 60 were local associations, 24 were land and physical environment, 43 were local institutions, 46 were individuals, 32 to economy and exchange, and only 6 were related to culture, history, and stories. Drawing upon the findings from the qualitative survey, community walks, and group discussions, we conclude that an important number of resources were in place for basic health service delivery. By activating the existing and potential resources, the most vulnerable populations in eastern Congo might have the required resources for basic health service delivery. Our findings support the use of an asset-mapping research method as appropriate to identify existing and potential resources for basic health services in a post-conflict setting.
Hemodynamic Disturbances Assess Cardiac Inefficiency in Repaired Fontan Patients: A 4D Flow Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study
Authors: Hu Liwei , Zhao Xaiodan , Leng Shuang , Ouyang Rongzhen , Wang Qian , Sun Aimin , Liu Yiman , Zhong Liang , Zhong Yumin
Published: September 2023

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to 1) analyze the disruption of intracardiac flow by flow components and kinetic energy (KE) parameters in single ventricle physiology patients and compare with controls; 2) investigate left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in terms of 4D flow parameters in repaired Fontan (rFontan) group; 3) compare intracardiac flow parameters in morphologic LV and RV rFontan patient groups.

Methods: Twenty-five rFontan patients (age: 10±3, M/F: 15/10) and fourteen controls (age: 10±2, M/F: 8/6) were prospectively recruited. All underwent cine and 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) on 3.0T scanner. Cardiac function and inter-ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony were analyzed using cine images. From 4D flow CMR, ventricular flow components were assessed: direct flow, retained inflow, delayed ejection flow and residual volume. Global and regional blood flow KE parameters, normalized to end-diastolic volume (EDV) were analyzed for functional single ventricle (FSV). Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction was assessed on echocardiography guidelines.

Results: In comparison of rFontan vs. controls, median FSV residual volume (28% vs. 23%, P= 0.034) were higher in rFontan; median FSV direct flow (32% vs. 40%, P=0.005) and delayed ejection flow (17% vs. 24%, P=0.024) were lower in rFontan. FSV KEiEDV parameters were all lower in rFontan (all P<0.05). No significant diﬀerences were observed for flow components and KE parameters between patients with and without inter-ventricular dyssynchrony. FSV direct flow (AUC=0.76, Sensitivity=86%, Specificity=70%) was an independent predictor of LV diastolic dysfunction. Residual volume and E-wave KEiEDV were significantly different between morphologic RV and morphologic LV patient group.

Conclusions: The changed flow pattern and decreased KE may be hemodynamic disturbances and impaired ventricular filling in rFontan patients. Reduced direct flow is associated with LV diastolic dysfunction. Morphologic right ventricular subgroup is worse than morphologic left ventricular group in terms of the intracardiac hemodynamics.
On Index Divisors and Monogenity of Certain Number Fields Defined by Trinomials x7+ax+b
Authors: El Fadil Lhoussain
Published: September 2023

In this paper for every number field K generated by a root α of a trinomial x7 + ax + b ∈ Z[x] and for every prime integer p, we calculate νp(i(K)), the highest power of p dividing the index i(K) of the field K. In particular, we calculate the index i(K). As application, when the index of K is not trivial, then K is not monogenic.
PENERAPAN DISIPLIN KERJA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PEGAWAI DI PUSKESMAS SECANG I KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Hidayatullah Lovita Ivan , Subarkah Rachmat , Pratama Rohmawan Adi , Pangesti Inggit Dwi
Published: September 2023

Disiplin kerja merupakan kesadaran dan kesediaan seseorang untuk mentaati semua peraturanyang berlaku di tempat bekerja. Tanpa adanya displin kerja, suatu perusahaan ataupun instansiakan sulit untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji,mengetahui dan menguraikan tentang bagimana penerapan disiplin kerja dan pelaksanaanpenilaian kinerja di Puskesmas Secang 1. Selain itu untuk mengetahui hambatan dan upaya apasaja yang perlu ditingkatkan untuk mengoptimalkan disiplin kerja. Penelitian ini adalah penelitiankualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan datanya melalui wawancara, observasi, dandokumentasi. Sedangkah hasilnya menunjukan bahwa Pelaksanaan disiplin kerja pegawai diPuskesmas Secang I sudah berjalan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ada, namun masih terdapatbeberapa pegawai yang tidak menaati peraturan yang diterapkan seperti datang terlambat dantidak menggunakan pakaian dinas beserta atribut lengkap. Dalam penilaian kinerja terdapat hasildengan kategori cukup yaitu pada indikator pelayanan buka poli BP Umum sebesar 79dikarenakan keterlambatan pegawai yang menyebabkan jam buka pelayanan mengalamiketerlambatan.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PENDANAAN USAHA MIKRO DAN USAHA KECIL (PUMK) TERHADAP KINERJA UMK BINAAN PT ANGKASA PURA I ADI SOEMARMO
Authors: Raffly Aulia Bachtiar ZhenHaydar , Noriska Ni Komang Septia
Published: September 2023

Kontribusi dan peran UMKM sebagai penggerak ekonomi negara sangat diperlukan dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja sampai dengan angka Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB). Data menunjukkan kontribusi UMKM terhadap PDB sebesar 60,5% dan 96,9% pada penyerapan tenaga kerja. Kedua persentase tersebut termasuk tinggi namun pada dua dekade terakhir, peran UMKM tidak signifikan karena keterbatasan pembiayaan atau modal. Maka dari itu peran pemerintah dalam Program Pendanaan Usaha Mikro dan Usaha Kecil merupakan bentuk tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan yang mempunyai tujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja UMK agar lebih tangguh dan mandiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi kembali efektivitas program pendanaan UMK (PUMK) terhadap kinerja UMK binaan PT Angkasa Pura I Adi Soemarmo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik kuesioner, wawancara, dan observasi. Adapun yang menjadi objek pada penelitian ini adalah UMK binaan PT Angkasa Pura I Adi Soemarmo. Dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa variabel efektivitas PUMK berpengaruh terhadap kinerja UMK binaan PT Angkasa Pura I Adi Soemarmo.
THE IMPACT OF DERIVATIVES USE ON FIRM VALUE: DO SMALLER FIRMS BENEFIT MORE? (EVIDENCE FROM BORSA ISTANBUL)
Authors: DEMİRCİ N.savaş
Published: September 2023

While the impact of derivatives use on firm value is still debated theoretically and empirically, whether smaller or larger firms benefit more from the use of derivatives is largely untouched empirically. In this context, the impact of the intensity of derivatives use on firm value separately for smaller and larger firms using derivatives is analyzed with the 2010-2021 annual data of 70 non-financial Borsa Istanbul (BIST) firms. Difference and System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation results of the dynamic panel data model show that derivatives use positively and significantly affects firm value in smaller firms, and there is no significant effect of derivatives use on firm value in larger firms. Theories proposing that derivatives use can increase firm value are valid for smaller firms. On the other hand, in BIST, smaller firms benefit more than larger firms from derivatives use. The results of the analysis are also consistent with theories suggesting that the value-enhancement effects of derivatives use for hedging are concentrated in smaller firms. The results are encouraging for smaller firms discussing the decision related to financial risk management with derivatives.
Patch Area Cannot Predict Species Richness of Grassland Birds in Colorado’s Front Range
Authors: Tavernia Brian G.
Published: September 2023

Birds breeding in grassland have declined steeply over the last 50 years, and green-space systems in Colorado’s urbanizing Front Range have not maintained all grassland bird species the area originally supported. Patch area affects the species richness of urban green spaces, and researchers have suggested that protecting or enlarging green spaces should be effective ways to maximize richness and mitigate species loss. In the Front Range, protection of urban green space is expensive, conservation budgets are limited, and tools are needed to guide strategic protection decisions. Front Range planners use patch area as a criterion to prioritize grassland conservation, but the explanatory and predictive powers of patch area have not been comprehensively assessed. Using eBird community science data, I found that log-transformed grassland patch area was positively associated with the species richness of grassland birds and explained a large portion of its variance. However, 95% simultaneous prediction intervals for species richness were wide, and those of the smallest and largest patches examined overlapped. Thus the model cannot precisely predict a number of species, and it should not be used to quantitatively evaluate the expected return on investment from financial allocations to protect or enlarge grassland patches. Nonetheless, the model’s explanatory power supports the use of grassland patch area as a general principle guiding conservation of grassland birds. Planners should consider it among a suite of other habitat characteristics and prioritize large, regularly shaped grassland patches situated close to other grassland patches and with limited nearby forest cover and urban development.
A Negative Feedback Loop Between TET2 and Leptin in Adipocyte Regulates Body Weight
Authors: Deng Tuo , Zeng Qin , Song Jianfeng , Sun Xiaoxiao , Wang Dandan , Liao Xiyan , Ding Yujin , Hu Wanyu , Jiao Yayi , Mai Wuqian , Aini Wufuer , Wang Fanqi , Zhou Hui , Xie Limin , Mei Ying , Tang Yuan , Liu Wei
Published: September 2023

Ten-eleven translocation (TET) 2 is an enzyme that catalyzes DNA demethylation to regulate gene expression by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, functioning as an essential epigenetic regulator in various biological processes. However, the regulation and function of TET2 in adipocytes during obesity are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that leptin, a key adipokine in mammalian energy homeostasis regulation, suppresses adipocyte TET2 levels via JAK2-STAT3 signaling. Adipocyte Tet2 deficiency protects against high-fat diet-induced weight gain by reducing leptin levels and further improving leptin sensitivity. By interacting with C/EBPα, adipocyte TET2 increases the hydroxymethylcytosine levels of the leptin gene promoter, thereby promoting leptin gene expression. A decrease in adipose TET2 is associated with obesity-related hyperleptinemia in humans. Inhibition of TET2 suppresses the production of leptin in mature human adipocytes. Our findings support the existence of a negative feedback loop between TET2 and leptin in adipocytes and reveal a novel compensatory mechanism for the body to counteract the metabolic dysfunction caused by obesity.