bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abordagens cirúrgicas no tratamento do adenocarcinoma de sigmoide: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Holanda Guerra Denise Krishna , Pereira da Cunha Ana Cecília Aguiar , Jacinto Aquiles Lopes , Moraes Emanuela Caroline , Torres Capitani Giulliana de Almeida , Marques Melo Holarya Germana , Rios Neto Izac Miranda , Oliveira Jackson Silva , Barros Neto Jael Bergamaschi , Libardoni Schemkel João Marcelo , Alarcão Sobral Lucas Lopes , Ferreira Lippe Marcela Maria , Araújo Suzana Régis , De Souza Thawanne Ferreira
Published: September 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão integrativa sobre as abordagens cirúrgicas no tratamento do adenocarcinoma de sigmoide, uma das formas mais comuns de câncer colorretal. A análise incluiu estudos publicados entre 2018 e 2024, abordando tanto a colectomia laparoscópica quanto a laparotomia, bem como intervenções menos invasivas para o manejo de complicações pós-operatórias, como fístulas e deiscências. Os resultados indicam que a laparoscopia oferece vantagens em termos de recuperação, embora a laparotomia seja preferível em casos de maior complexidade. A exenteração pélvica foi discutida como uma opção viável em casos de invasão local avançada. Além disso, a importância da linfadenectomia adequada e da integração de tratamentos adjuvantes, como a quimioterapia, foi destacada. A revisão sugere que a individualização do tratamento, baseada nas características específicas do paciente e no estágio da doença, é fundamental para otimizar os resultados. Conclui-se que a escolha da abordagem cirúrgica deve ser cuidadosa e baseada em evidências, visando maximizar a eficácia do tratamento e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Designing a Skills Evolution Program: A Framework for Success
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: September 2024

This article proposes a framework for developing an ongoing "Skills Evolution Program" to help organizations continuously upskill their workforce to keep pace with rapid technological change. The framework involves five key elements: 1) understanding employees' current skill levels and perspectives on change through skills surveys and focus groups; 2) building on employees' existing strengths and enabling skills transfers between adjacent fields; 3) co-creating the reskilling vision and program structure with employee input; 4) developing a flexible learning ecosystem with multiple self-paced and facilitated options; and 5) recognizing accomplishments both formal and informal to motivate ongoing learning. Additionally, the article stresses the importance of cultivating a growth mindset across the organization where skills development is seen as an ongoing journey rather than a single program or event. By systematically implementing this holistic, employee-centered approach, organizations can transform their culture into one of continuous learning.
Influence of Instagram Content Marketing and e-wom on Consumer Purchase Decisions Through Buying Interest (Study on Ayucitra Gallery Consumers By Monokrom Jombang)
Authors: Lailiyah Nurul , Handini Yuslinda , Sisbintari Ika , Xu Shanshan , Xavier Murphy , Elliot McCarty
Published: September 2024

Social media is a tool for searching and selecting information in the form of products and services. The use of social media in Indonesia continues to grow every year, therefore it is widely used by marketers as an opportunity to introduce and offer products. One of them is by creating content marketing and e-WOM. Content marketing and e-WOM are strategies that are considered quite effective in marketing and introducing products to consumers. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of Instagram content marketing and e-WOM on consumer purchasing decisions through the purchase interest variable. The population in the study were consumers of the Ayucitra gallery by monochrome jombang, with a sampling technique using purposive sampling of 120 respondents. Data analysis using path analysis with SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) using smartPLS.3.0 software. The findings concluded that content marketing (X1) has a positive and significant effect on consumer buying interest (Z), e-WOM (X2) has a positive and significant effect on consumer buying interest (Z), buying interest has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions (Y), content marketing (X1) has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions (Y), e-WOM (X2) has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions (Y). content marketing (X1) has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions mediated by consumer buying interest (Z) at Ayucitra by Monochrome gallery, e-WOM (X1) has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions mediated by consumer buying interest (Z) at Ayucitra by Monochrome gallery
The Contribution of Women Traders in Increasing Household Economic Income in Saumlaki South Tanimbar Sub-District
Authors: Malindar Balthasar , Laratmase Paulus , Feninlambir Moses , Urath Herlina Marlissa
Published: September 2024

This research aims to explore the contribution of women traders in increasing household economic income in Saumlaki, South Tanimbar Sub-district. Saumlaki, as part of the Tanimbar Islands, faces complex economic challenges, especially among households. Women traders in this region have an important role in creating economic opportunities and overcoming economic difficulties in their neighborhoods. This research aims to understand the extent to which women traders contribute to increasing household economic income. This involves analyzing their role in creating employment, increasing access to economic resources, and influencing the economic development of the community. This research used a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and observation as data collection methods. Data was analyzed through a process of coding and emerging themes to understand the impact of women traders on the household economy. The results showed that women traders have a significant role in increasing household economic income in Saumlaki. They are able to create economic opportunities, expand networks, and make a meaningful contribution to the economic development of the community. This research confirms that women traders have an important role in increasing household economic income in Saumlaki, South Tanimbar Sub-district. In this context, supporting efforts that strengthen their role in local economic development could be a relevant and strategic step in fighting poverty and improving household welfare in this region.
CIRURGIA EM PACIENTES COM DISTÚRBIOS DE C OAGULAÇÃO: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA MINIMIZAR RI SCOS HEMORRÁGICOS
Authors: Souza Igor Peçanha , Silva Júlia Barboza Cordeiro da , Almeida Thomas Henrique de Melo , Souza Lorena Almeida , Bousquet Bárbara Boniolo Medeiros , Bernardes Gabriel Silva de Oliveira , Oliveira Luís Filipe Silva , Andrade Rafael Hubner , Caetano Ana Luiza Fonseca Maia , Vaz Natália Sobrinho , Cortat Helena Rocha Farias de Ornellas , Lopes Victor Edas Corteletti Pereira
Published: September 2024

Cirurgias em pacientes com distúrbios de coagulação, como hemofilia e trombocitopatias, apresentam alto risco de complicações hemorrágicas. Este trabalho visa identificar estratégias eficazes para minimizar esses riscos durante a cirurgia, destacando medidas preventivas, técnicas cirúrgicas específicas e cuidados pós-operatórios. A metodologia é uma revisão bibliográfica sobre práticas no manejo de complicações hemorrágicas, desde a avaliação pré-operatória com testes de coagulação até o uso de agentes hemostáticos e técnicas minimamente invasivas. A colaboração entre cirurgiões e hematologistas é crucial para otimizar o tratamento e ajustar a terapia anticoagulante, garantindo a segurança e eficácia do procedimento.
Heat Stress and Injury Prevention Practices During Summer High School Football Training in South Texas
Authors: Hearon Christopher , Ruiz Alberto , Taylor Zachary
Published: September 2024

The purpose was to describe practice conditions influencing the risk of heat stress to athletes in summer football training in South Texas high schools, and to compare these conditions to ACSM recommendations for heat stress/injury risk reduction in this population. Thirty (N=30) high school summer football practices were observed. Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) was measured before/after practices and practices were observed for: duration/ structure; athlete clothing; and rest break frequency/duration/content. Practices averaged 125+31 min and WBGT (pre- to post-practice) was 29.7+2.1°C to 31.2+2.2°C for morning, and 31.2+1.6°C to 28.9+1.2°C for evening practices. Most practices included contact (93%), and a majority were full-contact (53%). Most athletes wore full pads (83%) and medium/dark colored clothing (73%). Outside of scheduled breaks athletes removed helmets (63%), sat/knelt (63%), and had access to fluid (90%). Athletic trainers were present at 93% of the practices. A typical practice had 3 rest breaks, each lasting approximately 5 min. During breaks, athletes were provided fluid (93%), removed helmets (89%), and sat/knelt (76%), but were rarely provided shade (2%). While none of the practice sessions were conducted in conditions warranting the cancellation of outside activity (WBGT>33.1°C), the environmental data confirms that this region presents athletes with a very high risk of heat stress/injury. While a majority of the schools were taking many of the precautionary measures recommended by ACSM, many of the guidelines were not being followed. Governing bodies of high school athletics need to encourage compliance with recommendations for the reduction of heat stress/injury in this population.
Challenging The Accuracy of a Single-test Lactate Threshold Protocol in Collegiate Rowers
Authors: Soma Erica , Lockard Michael , Stavrianeas Stasinos
Published: September 2024

Elite rowers use lactate threshold (LT) estimates as a basis for training intensity in order to achieve the greatest training volume. For convenience, LT is usually determined in a maximal LT/VO2max test. This simultaneous test is problematic because it requires a large power increment, which may not give the most accurate LT. PURPOSE: To challenge the validity of a simultaneous LT/VO2max test to estimate LT in rowers. METHODS: Collegiate rowers (n=20, 16F and 4M, age 19.3±1.3 years, height 171.5±7.1 cm, weight 70±14 kg, VO2max 44.6±5.5 ml•kg-1•min-1) performed two LT tests. Participants completed an incremental VO2max test with 3-minute intervals increasing by 30W and 40W for women and men respectively. The second test consisted of five 6-minute stages of 10W increments starting from 20W below the estimated LT. For both tests, blood lactate was measured at the end of each stage and LT was determined by the lactate deflection point. The difference in intensity between the first deflection point and the LT was then calculated. RESULTS: Average difference between LT1 and LT2 was 1.15 ± 13.4W, and were not statistically different (p=0.204). Average absolute difference was 9.95 ± 8.80W, and was different from the average (p=0.022). A second incremental test should be performed for the most precise determination of LT. This is particularly important to rowers who rely on LT to determine training intensities.
Does Standing on a Cycle-ergometer, Towards the Conclusion of a Graded Exercise Test, Yield Cardiorespiratory Values Equivalent to Treadmill Testing?
Authors: Mitchell Joshua , Kist William , Mears Kendall , Nalls Jesse , Ritter Kyle
Published: September 2024

Graded exercise testing (GXT), per a cycle-ergometer (CE), offers safety and monitoring advantages over treadmill (TM) GXT. Unfortunately, CE-VO2max and some other cardiorespiratory (CR) variables are frequently lower than TM-GXT values. It has been difficult to compare TM and CE-GXT values. However, it was hypothesized that standing towards the conclusion of the CE-GXT (Stand-CE) might increase CE values to those equal to TM-GXT. If Stand-CE and TM-GXT CR values were equal, Stand-CE-GXT could become the method of choice for GXT for the general population. The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the effect of Stand-CE on CR variables. An intentionally diverse sample (N = 34, 24 males and 10 females, aged 18-54 y, with VO2max values 25-76 ml/kg/min) representing the general population participated. Volunteers completed two GXT trials, one per TM (Bruce protocol) and the other per a MET-TM-matched CE-GXT where initially-seated participants stood and pedaled after their respiratory exchange ratio (RER) reached 1.0. Eighteen participants underwent a third MET-TM-matched trial where they remained seated throughout GXT (Sit-CE). Trials were counter-balanced with at least 48 h between GXT. There were significant statistical differences (p < 0.05) between TM and Stand-CE per matched-samples T-test (N = 34) on the following variables: VEmax (TM = 115 + 24.4 l/min, Stand-CE = 99.4 + 28.1), VCO2max (TM = 4.26 + 0.9 l/min, Stand-CE = 3.56 + 0.84), VO2max (TM = 44.9 + 9.1 ml/kg/min, Stand-CE = 39.3 + 9.0), METSmax (TM = 12.8 + 2.6 METS, Stand-CE = 11.2 + 2.5), and HRmax (TM = 175 + 13 bpm, Stand-CE = 166 + 12). One-way repeated measures ANOVA (N = 18) demonstrated no statistical differences between all trials: VEmax (TM = 112.8 + 25.3 l/min, Stand-CE = 102.3 + 25.2, Sit-CE = 107.3 + 33.1), VCO2max (TM = 4.17 + 0.99 l/min, Stand-CE = 3.62 + 0.80, Sit-CE = 3.55 + 0.83), VO2max (TM = 47.1 + 9.8 ml/kg/min, Stand-CE = 42.0 + 9.0, Sit-CE = 43.3 + 8.9), METSmax (TM = 13.5 + 2.8 METS, Stand-CE = 12.0 + 2.6, Sit-CE = 12.4 + 2.5), and HRmax (TM = 176 + 13 bpm, Stand-CE = 171 + 12, Sit-CE = 173 + 11). Results of this investigation suggest that TM-GXT CR values are larger than Stand-CE, and Stand-CE values are not different from Sit-CE. Future studies will test validity of these findings per gender, aerobic training status, in populations that are highly-skilled with TM and CE (tri-athletes), children, the elderly, and diseased populations.
Psychosocial Correlates of Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents in a Rural Community Setting
Authors: Crimi Kelly , Hensley Larry , Finn Kevin
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between selected psychosocial factors and the physical activity behaviors of children (grade 4-8) and adolescents (grades 9-12) in a rural community setting. The Children’s Physical Activity Scale (CPAC)was used to measure the psychosocial factors of physical activity, The Physical Activity Questionnaire-Children (PAQ-C), and Physical Activity Questionnaire-Adolescents (PAQ-A) were used to measure the physical activity behaviors of the 167 participants. Results indicated that male and female physical activity behaviors were not significantly different. However, physical activity declined with age [F(8,147) = 5.44, p < 0.05, ES = 0.23]. All psychosocial factors were significantly correlated with physical activity in youth with the single highest correlation for males being “liking of exercise” (r = .61) and the highest correlation for females was “liking of games and sports”(r = .44). Stepwise regression analyses identified three subscales (liking of games and sport, liking of exercise, and parental support) in a significant prediction model of physical activity in both genders. The results indicate that children's physical activity is associated with a variety of psychosocial variables that represent import predisposing and reinforcing factors.
Longitudinal, Diet-induced Weight Gain is Associated with Increased Blood Monocytes and Reduced TLR4 Expression
Authors: Strohacker Kelley , Simpson Richard , Carpenter Katie , Breslin Whitney , McFarlin Brian
Published: September 2024

Excessive weight gain increases systemic inflammation resulting in increased disease risk. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) reportedly mediates increases in inflammation; however, its role has not been fully evaluated. Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the longitudinal effect of diet-induced weight gain on blood monocyte concentration and cell-surface TLR4 expression. Research Methods & Procedures. Male CD-1 mice were randomly assigned to high-fat (HF, n = 12) or low-fat (LF, n = 13) groups. Non-lethal, saphenous vein blood samples were collected at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment. Three-color flow cytometry was used to measure monocyte (CD11b+/CD14+) concentration and TLR4 cells-surface expression. Data were analyzed with a repeated measures ANOVA; significance was set at P<0.05. Results. Body weight at week 12 was 21% greater in HF than LF (P<0.05). At week 12 HF had 155% more monocytes (P<0.05) with 24% less TLR4; Monocyte concentration and body weight at week 12 was negatively correlated with TLR4 gMFI (P<0.05). Conclusions. The observed effects of high-fat feeding on blood monocytes are consistent with a phenotype, which may be associated with premature morbidity. The observed monocyte responses may be associated with immune dysfunction and diminished response to infection.
Evaluation of Hand-to-Hand Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Estimating Percent Body Fat in Young Adults
Authors: Weaver Aaron , Hill Ashley , Andreacci Joseph , Dixon Curt
Published: September 2024

Purposes were to (a) to examine the validity and precision of a hand-to-hand bioelectrical impedance analyzer (HBIA) and (b) to determine the effect of an acute sub-maximal aerobic exercise bout on HBIA percent body fat (%BF) measures. Forty-one young adults (21 women; 20 men) visited the laboratory for body composition assessment on two separate occasions. During the control session, %BF was assessed by HBIA twice, before and immediately after 30 min of rest, and once by air-displacement plethysmography (ADP), using the BOD POD, which was considered the criterion method for comparison. During the exercise session, HBIA %BF measurements were determined prior-to and immediately after 30 minutes of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise. HBIA significantly underestimated %BF in the total sample (mean difference (MD) = 1.4 ± 4.3%) and, when examined by gender, in the women (MD = 2.4 ± 4.1%). The standard errors of estimate (range 4.1-4.3%) also exceeded the recommended range for accuracy (<3.5%). Following exercise, there was minimal, but statistically significant reduction in HBIA-measured %BF pre- to post-exercise for the total sample (19.6 ± 6.0 vs. 19.3 ± 6.0%; p = 0.011). HBIA underestimated %BF when compared to ADP and the individual prediction error exceeded current recommendations when assessing young adults. In addition, performing sub-maximal aerobic exercise prior to the assessment decreased the %BF estimate. When one factors the exercise-induced alterations with the currently observed tendency for HBIA to underestimate %BF, it is apparent that exercise may further reduce the accuracy of this method.
El efecto potencial de los informes de auditoría en el ciclo de la política pública
Authors: Cárdenas Arévalo Jhonny Marlon
Published: September 2024

The formulation and evaluation of public policies are processes of utmost importance for the development of a nation. These require inputs, whose relevance is to ensure the necessary effectiveness in making government decisions regarding their sustainability and in particular their financing. This article proposes the thesis that tax audit reports are one of these inputs and therefore presents the results of the analysis carried out on a sample of different documents, produced by Colombia's territorial fiscal control bodies. Additionally, a review of existing procedures is presented that authorities in matters of public planning and hacienda apply to guide the financing of public policies. As a result, we find the enormous potential that exists in fiscal control reports, the opportunity to improve fiscal control in the evaluation of public policies and in the evaluation process.
Identificación de los efectos de la ley de garantías del proceso electoral colombiano: un análisis desde la contratación territorial
Authors: Cañon Spell Juan Paulo , Grautof Manfred , De León Beltrán Isaac
Published: September 2024

The Law of Guarantees, issued by the Congress of the Republic of Colombia in 2005, seeks to restrict the contracting capacity of the National and territorial governments during electoral campaigns, prohibiting direct contracting and inter-administrative agreements to avoid the use of public resources for electoral purposes. This paper analyzes the effects of the Law of Guarantees on state contracting by territorial entities, using data from the Information System of the General Audit Office of the Republic, which includes approximately 3.2 million public contracts registered between January 2016 and October 2021. The findings indicate that the Law of Guarantees does not impact the behavior of territorial contracting in any selection modality. Neither the aggregate monthly sum of contracting values nor the number of contracts are affected by the Law. One possible explanation is that the territorial political class has learned to smooth public spending throughout the fiscal year, appearing to comply with the law. This conclusion is supported by testimonial and criminological evidence on the ability of territorial political elites to simulate regulatory compliance.
PERAN BAHASA MADURA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEARIFAN LOKAL
Authors: Abdul Lutfi  , Syarifuddin  , Zulfa Hidayatin
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran bahasa Madura dalam meningkatkan kearifan lokal di Pulau Madura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi partisipatif dan wawancara dengan 20 informan yang terdiri dari tokoh masyarakat, pemangku adat, dan anggota komunitas bahasa Madura. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Madura memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam mempertahankan dan mengembangkan kearifan lokal di Pulau Madura. Bahasa Madura digunakan sebagai alat komunikasi sehari-hari dalam berbagai konteks, seperti dalam keluarga, masyarakat, dan upacara adat. Bahasa ini juga menjadi identitas budaya dan alat untuk menyampaikan nilai-nilai tradisional yang ada di masyarakat Madura. Selain itu, bahasa Madura juga berperan dalam mempertahankan kearifan lokal melalui literatur lisan, seperti pantun, syair, dan cerita rakyat yang disampaikan secara lisan dari generasi ke generasi. Bahasa ini menjadi sarana untuk menyampaikan nilai-nilai budaya, sejarah, dan kebijaksanaan yang ada dalam kearifan lokal Madura. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa bahasa Madura memiliki peran yang penting dalam mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kearifan lokal di Pulau Madura. Oleh karena itu, perlunya upaya untuk melestarikan dan mempromosikan penggunaan bahasa Madura dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, pendidikan, dan budaya lokal. Dukungan pemerintah, komunitas, dan lembaga pendidikan diperlukan untuk menjaga keberlanjutan bahasa Madura dan kearifan lokal yang terkait dengannya.
ANALISIS PENGARUH GADGET BAGI ANAK USIA DINI DI SITUBONDO
Authors: Hasanah Fitriatun , Rahma Lailatur , Samudra Bagus bayu
Published: September 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengertian gadget, untuk mengetahui pengaruh gadget terhadap perkembangan anak usia dini serta mengetahui bagaimana cara untuk mencegah pengaruh buruk dari gadget terhadap anak usia dini. Gadget adalah sebuah perangkat elektronik kecil yang memiliki fungsi khusus.dari hari ke hari gadget selalu muncul dengan menyajikan teknologi terbaru yang membuat hidup manusia menjadi lebih praktis. teknologi jelas mempengaruhi perkembangan anak. Karena sebuah perangkat teknologi merupakan media pembelajaran yang sangat efektif. Karena kemajuan teknologi juga dapat membantu daya kreatifitas anak, jika pemanfaatnya diimbangi dengan interaksi dengan lingkungan sekitarnya. dengan terlalu membebaskan anak dibawah umur menggunakan teknologi yang terlalu canggih seperti gadget maka itu dapat mengubah perilaku seorang anak, untuk itu peran orang tua sangat penting.
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN ANTARA BUKU TEKS SISWA TEMATIK TERPADU TEMA HIDUP RUKUN SD/MI KELAS II DENGAN KOMPETENSI DASAR KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Rofek Aenor Rofek , Nur Jamila  , Surya Ika Wati
Published: September 2024

Buku teks yang digunakan oleh guru dan siswa ini harus relevan dan sesuai dengan kurikulum yang berlaku untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Pada kenyataannya, buku teks yang digunakan oleh guru atau siswa ini, belum diketahui tingkat kesesuaiannya dengan kompetensi dasar 2013, karena kurikulum ini masih baru. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka peneliti tertarik untuk menganalisis kesesuaian buku teks dengan kompetensi dasar 2013.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Dalam pembahasannya dideskripsikan dan dijabarkan tentang kesesuaian buku teks tematik terpadu pada kompetensi dasar 2013.Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu, membaca buku teks tematik terpadu, mengidentifikasi kesesuaian buku teks tematik terpadu dengan kompetensi dasar 2013, mengklasifikasi data hasil penelitian, menganalisis data yang sudah diklasifikasi, menjelaskan kesesuaian buku teks dengan kompetensi dasar, menghitung persentase kesesuaian data.
Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa. (1) Buku teks tematik terpadu untuk siswa subtema 1 tentang Hidup Rukun di Rumah, sudah sesuai dengan kompetensi dasar dalam kurikulum 2013. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan perolehan persentase skor sebesar 95,30% dan termasuk dalam kriteria sangat sesuai. (2) Buku teks tematik terpadu untuk siswa subtema 2 tentang Hidup Rukun Dengan Teman Bermain, sudah sesuai dengan kompetensi dasar dalam kurikulum 2013. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan perolehan persentase skor sebesar 95,48% dan termasuk dalam kriteria sangat sesuai. (3) Buku teks tematik terpadu untuk siswa subtema 3 tentang Hidup Rukun di Sekolah, sudah sesuai dengan kompetensi dasar dalam kurikulum 2013. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan perolehan persentase skor sebesar 95,84 % dan termasuk dalam kriteria sangat sesuai. (4) Buku teks tematik terpadu untuk siswa subtema 4 tentang Hidup Rukun di Masyarakat, sudah sesuai dengan kompetensi dasar dalam kurikulum 2013. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan perolehan persentase skor sebesar 96,22 % dan termasuk dalam kriteria sangat sesuai.
Book Review 'School Service Guidelines’ (Malay Version)
Authors: Iqbal Dr. Uqbah
Published: September 2024

School Health Services is a service provided by the Malaysian Ministry of Health to students in school to ensure optimal health care through health promotion, disease prevention, treatment and referral. Health services were started in Malaysia in 1967 and from 1975 School Health Teams were established to enable visits to be made to primary and secondary schools throughout Malaysia. The publication of the School Health Service Guidelines Book is an effort to improve quality services provided by the Malaysian Ministry of Health to school students systematically. This Guidebook can help Medical Officers and health members of the School Health Team detect health problems that can hinder school academic achievement and then make early referrals. Although services are provided outside the premises of the Ministry of Health, each member who serves in the School Health Team must provide a holistic and quality service. Therefore, each member must refer to the School’s Health Service Guidelines Book to ensure that each student receives optimal services according to their age. It is hoped that the use of these guidelines can help the School Health Team in terms of planning, implementing and monitoring school health services more efficiently and effectively.
Strategies to Cultivate Self-Awareness among Students and Teachers in Educational Institutions
Authors: Ranjan Puhan Dr. Rasmi , Malla Dr. Lakshmipriya
Published: September 2024

This paper discussed different strategies and techniques to develop self-awareness among students as well as teachers of different educational institutions of our society. The present paper also describes different types of self-awareness with different examples and how it will be useful for both teachers and students. This work also focuses its benefits for the students and teachers during teaching. This theoretical paper also founds many outcomes and useful suggestions for the teaching learning process. Regression of these outcomes against self-awareness measures revealed that self-reflection and insight predicted beneficial outcomes, rumination predicted reduced benefits and increased costs, and mindfulness predicted both increased proactivity and costs. As different reviews are there these studies definitely help to refine the self-awareness concept by identifying the unique outcomes associated with the concepts of self-reflection, insight, reflection, rumination and mindfulness. It can be used in future studies to evaluate and develop awareness-raising techniques to maximize self-awareness benefits while minimizing related costs.
Multi-talker speech comprehension at different temporal scales in listeners with normal and impaired hearing
Authors: Li Jixing , Wang Qixuan , Zhou Qian , Yang Lu , Shen Yutong , Huang Shujian , Wang Shaonan , Pylkkänen Liina , Huang Zhiwu
Published: September 2024

Comprehending speech requires deciphering a range of linguistic representations, from phonemes to narratives. Prior research suggests that in single-talker scenarios, the neural encoding of linguistic units follows a hierarchy of increasing temporal receptive windows. Shorter temporal units like phonemes and syllables are encoded by lower-level sensory brain regions, whereas longer units such as sentences and paragraphs are processed by higher-level perceptual and cognitive areas. However, the brain’s representation of these linguistic units under challenging listening conditions, such as a cocktail party situation, remains unclear. In this study, we recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) responses from both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired participants as they listened to individual and dual speakers narrating different parts of a story. The inclusion of hearing-impaired listeners allowed us to examine how hierarchically organized linguistic units in competing speech streams affect comprehension abilities. We leveraged a hierarchical language model to extract linguistic information at multiple levels—phoneme, syllable, word, phrase, and sentence—and aligned these model activations with the EEG data. Our findings showed distinct neural responses to dual-speaker speech between the two groups. Specifically, compared to normal-hearing listeners, hearing-impaired listeners exhibited poorer model fits at the acoustic, phoneme, and syllable levels as well as the sentence levels, but not at the word and phrase levels. These results suggest that hearing-impaired listeners experience disruptions at both shorter and longer temporal scales, while their processing at medium temporal scales remains unaffected.
Ripply1 and Gsc collectively suppress anterior endoderm differentiation from prechordal plate progenitors
Authors: Cheng Tao , Liu Xiang , Dong Yang , Tian Yi-Meng , Xing Yan-Yi , Chen Chen-Yi , Liu Cong , Li Yun-Fei , Huang Ying , Zhuo Ding-Hao , Xu Xiao , Luan Jing-Yun , Fu Xin-Xin , Jin Zi-Xin , Mo Jing , Xu Xiang , Liang Hong-Qing , Xu Peng-Fei
Published: September 2024

During gastrulation, the mesendoderm is firstly specified by morphogens such as Nodal, and then segregates into endoderm and mesoderm in a Nodal concentration-dependent manner. However, the mechanism underlying the segregation and crosstalk of different sub-groups within the meso- and endoderm lineages remains unclear. Here, taking zebrafish prechordal plate (PP) and anterior endoderm (Endo) as research model, using single-cell multi-omics and live imaging analyses, we show that anterior Endo progenitors originate directly from PP progenitors. A single-cell transcriptomic trajectory analysis of wild-type,
ndr1
knockdown and
lft1
knockout Nodal explants confirms the diversification of anterior Endo fate from PP progenitors. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indentifies that the change of chromatin organization potentiates the segregation of endodermal cell fate from PP progenitors. Single-cell ATAC & RNA sequencing further reveals that two transcriptional regulators,
gsc
and
ripply1
, exhibit varied activation patterns in PP and Endo lineages at both the chromatin and RNA expression levels. We further demonstrate that Ripply1 functions coordinately with Gsc to repress endodermal cell fate by directly binding to the
cis
-elements of
sox32
and
sox17
. Modulating the expression levels of these regulators tilts the cell fate decision between the PP and Endo lineages.
Dopamine increases protein synthesis in hippocampal neurons enabling dopamine-dependent LTP
Authors: Fuchsberger Tania , Stockwell Imogen , Woods Matty , Brzosko Zuzanna , Greger Ingo H , Paulsen Ole
Published: September 2024

The reward and novelty related neuromodulator dopamine plays an important role in hippocampal long-term memory, which is thought to involve protein synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity. However, the direct effects of dopamine on protein synthesis, and the functional implications of newly synthesized proteins for synaptic plasticity, have not yet been investigated. We have previously reported that timing-dependent synaptic depression (t-LTD) can be converted into potentiation by dopamine application during synaptic stimulation (Brzsoko et al., 2015) or postsynaptic burst activation (Fuchsberger et al., 2022). Here we show that dopamine increases protein synthesis in mouse hippocampal CA1 neurons, enabling dopamine-dependent long-term potentiation (DA-LTP). We found that neuronal activity is required for the dopamine-induced increase in protein synthesis, which is mediated via the Ca
2+
-sensitive adenylate cyclase (AC) subtypes 1/8, cAMP, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Furthermore, dopamine induced a protein synthesis-dependent increase in the AMPA receptor subunit GluA1, but not GluA2. We found that DA-LTP is absent in GluA1 knock-out mice and that it requires calcium-permeable AMPA receptors. Taken together, our results suggest that dopamine together with neuronal activity controls synthesis of plasticity-related proteins, including GluA1, which enable DA-LTP via a signalling pathway distinct from that of conventional LTP.
The genetic architecture of the load linked to dominant and recessive self-incompatibility alleles in Arabidopsis halleri and Arabidopsis lyrata
Authors: Le Veve Audrey , Genete Mathieu , Lepers-Blassiau Christelle , Ponitzki Chloé , Poux Céline , Vekemans Xavier , Durand Eleonore , Castric Vincent
Published: September 2024

The long-term balancing selection acting on mating types or sex-determining genes is expected to lead to the accumulation of deleterious mutations in the tightly linked chromosomal segments that are locally ‘sheltered’ from purifying selection. However, the factors determining the extent of this accumulation are poorly understood. Here, we took advantage of variations in the intensity of balancing selection along a dominance hierarchy formed by alleles at the sporophytic self-incompatibility system of the Brassicaceae to compare the pace at which linked deleterious mutations accumulate among them. We first experimentally measured the phenotypic manifestation of the linked load at three different levels of the dominance hierarchy. We then sequenced and phased polymorphisms in the chromosomal regions linked to 126 distinct copies of S-alleles in two populations of Arabidopsis halleri and three populations of Arabidopsis lyrata. We find that linkage to the S-locus locally distorts phylogenies over about 10–30 kb along the chromosome. The more intense balancing selection on dominant S-alleles results in greater fixation of linked deleterious mutations, while recessive S-alleles accumulate more linked deleterious mutations that are segregating. Hence, the structure rather than the overall magnitude of the linked genetic load differs between dominant and recessive S-alleles. Our results have consequences for the long-term evolution of new S-alleles, the evolution of dominance modifiers between them, and raise the question of why the non-recombining regions of some sex and mating type chromosomes expand over evolutionary times while others, such as the S-locus of the Brassicaceae, remain restricted to small chromosomal regions.
The sperm hook in house mice: a functional adaptation for migration and self-organised behaviour
Authors: Ryu Heungjin , Nam Kibum , Lee Byeong Eun , Jeong Yundon , Lee Seunghun , Kim Jeongmo , Hyun Young-Min , Kim Jae-Ick , Park Jung-Hoon
Published: September 2024

In most murine species, spermatozoa exhibit a falciform apical hook at the head end. The function of the sperm hook is not yet clearly understood. In this study, we investigate the role of the sperm hook in the migration of spermatozoa through the female reproductive tract in
Mus musculus
(C57BL/6), using a deep tissue imaging custom-built two-photon microscope. Through live reproductive tract imaging, we found evidence indicating that the sperm hook aids in the attachment of spermatozoa to the epithelium and facilitates interactions between spermatozoa and the epithelium during migration in the uterus and oviduct. We also observed synchronised sperm beating, which resulted from the spontaneous unidirectional rearrangement of spermatozoa in the uterus. Based on live imaging of spermatozoa-epithelium interaction dynamics, we propose that the sperm hook plays a crucial role in successful migration through the female reproductive tract by providing anchor-like mechanical support and facilitating interactions between spermatozoa and the female reproductive tract in the house mouse.
Structural epitope profiling identifies antibodies associated with critical COVID-19 and long COVID
Authors: Kearns Patrick KA , Dixon Charles , Badonyi Mihaly , Lee Kim , Czapiewski Rafal , Fleming Olivia , Nadukkandy Prajitha , Gerasimivicius Lukas , Sahputra Rinal , Potts Bethany , Benton Sam , Guy Jacky , Neilson Scott , Wise Helen , Jenks Sara , Templeton Kate ,   CIRCO, Dold Christina , Lambe Teresa , Pollard Andrew , Mentzer Alexander J , Knight Julian C ,   COMBAT, Dunachie Susanna , Klenerman Paul , Barnes Eleanor , Carson Alan , McWhirter Laura , Hussell Tracy , Fragkoudis Rennos , Rosser Susan , Cavanagh David , Cowan Graeme , Menon Madhvi , Marsh Joseph A , Kleinjan Dirk A , Gilbert Nick
Published: September 2024

Even within a single protein, antibody binding can have beneficial, neutral, or harmful effects during the response to infection. Resolving a polyclonal antibody repertoire across a pathogen’s proteome to specific epitopes may therefore explain much of the heterogeneity in susceptibility to infectious disease. However, the three-dimensional nature of antibody-epitope interactions makes the discovery of non-obvious targets challenging. We implemented a novel computational method and synthetic biology pipeline for identifying epitopes that are functionally important in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome and identified an IgM-dominant response to an exposed Membrane protein epitope which to our knowledge is the strongest correlate of severe disease identified to date (adjusted OR 72.14, 95% CI: 9.71 – 1300.15), stronger even than the exponential association of severe disease with age. We also identify persistence (> 2 years) of this IgM response in individuals with longCOVID, and a correlation with fatigue and depression symptom burden. The repetitive arrangement of this epitope and the pattern of isotype class switching is consistent with this being a previously unrecognized T independent antigen. These findings point to a coronavirus host-pathogen interaction characteristic of severe virus driven immune pathology. This epitope is a promising vaccine and therapeutic target as it is highly conserved through SARS-CoV-2 variant evolution in humans to date and in related coronaviruses (e.g. SARS-CoV), showing far less evolutionary plasticity than targets on the Spike protein. This provides a promising biomarker for longCOVID and a target to complement Spike-directed vaccination which could broaden humoral protection from severe or persistent disease or novel coronavirus spillovers.
Differential regulation of the proteome and phosphoproteome along the dorso-ventral axis of the early Drosophila embryo
Authors: Gomez Juan Manuel , Nolte Hendrik , Vogelsang Elisabeth , Dey Bipasha , Takeda Michiko , Giudice Girolamo , Faxel Miriam , Haunold Theresa , Cepraga Alina , Zinzen Robert P , Krüger Marcus , Petsalaki Evangelia , Wang Yu-Chiun , Leptin Maria
Published: September 2024

The initially homogeneous epithelium of the early Drosophila embryo differentiates into regional subpopulations with different behaviours and physical properties that are needed for morphogenesis. The factors at top of the genetic hierarchy that control these behaviours are known, but many of their targets are not. To understand how proteins work together to mediate differential cellular activities, we studied in an unbiased manner the proteomes and phosphoproteomes of the three main cell populations along the dorso-ventral axis during gastrulation using mutant embryos that represent the different populations. We detected 6111 protein groups and 6259 phosphosites of which 3398 and 3433 were differentially regulated, respectively. The changes in phosphosite abundance did not correlate with changes in host protein abundance, showing phosphorylation to be a regulatory step during gastrulation. Hierarchical clustering of protein groups and phosphosites identified clusters that contain known fate determinants such as Doc1, Sog, Snail, and Twist. The recovery of the appropriate known marker proteins in each of the different mutants we used validated the approach, but also revealed that two mutations that both interfere with the dorsal fate pathway, Toll10B and serpin27aex do this in very different manners. Diffused network analyses within each cluster point to microtubule components as one of the main groups of regulated proteins. Functional studies on the role of microtubules provide the proof of principle that microtubules have different functions in different domains along the DV axis of the embryo.
Dynamic basis of lipopolysaccharide export by LptB2FGC
Authors: Dajka Marina , Rath Tobias , Morgner Nina , Joseph Benesh
Published: September 2024

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) confer resistance against harsh conditions, including antibiotics, in Gram-negative bacteria. The lipopolysaccharide transport (Lpt) complex, consisting of seven proteins (A-G), exports LPS across the cellular envelope. LptB2FG forms an ATP-binding cassette transporter that transfers LPS to LptC. How LptB2FG couples ATP binding and hydrolysis with LPS transport to LptC remains unclear. We observed the conformational heterogeneity of LptB2FG and LptB2FGC in micelles and/or proteoliposomes using pulsed dipolar electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Additionally, we monitored LPS binding and release using laser-induced liquid bead ion desorption mass spectrometry. The β-jellyroll domain of LptF stably interacts with the LptG and LptC β-jellyrolls in both the apo and vanadate-trapped states. ATP binding at the cytoplasmic side is allosterically coupled to the selective opening of the periplasmic LptF β-jellyroll domain. In LptB2FG, ATP binding closes the nucleotide binding domains, causing a collapse of the first lateral gate as observed in structures. However, the second lateral gate, which forms the putative entry site for LPS, exhibits a heterogeneous conformation. LptC binding limits the flexibility of this gate to two conformations, likely representing the helix of LptC as either released from or inserted into the transmembrane domains. Our results reveal the regulation of the LPS entry gate through the dynamic behavior of the LptC transmembrane helix, while its β-jellyroll domain is anchored in the periplasm. This, combined with long-range ATP-dependent allosteric gating of the LptF β-jellyroll domain, may ensure efficient and unidirectional transport of LPS across the periplasm.
Resetting of H3K4me2 during mammalian parental-to-zygote transition
Authors: Wang Chong , Shi Yong , Guo Jia , Hu Kaiyue , Wang Yaqian , Li Yang , Xu Jiawei
Published: September 2024

Upon sperm and oocyte fertilization, drastic histone modification reprograming occurs during preimplantation development. However, the global H3K4me2 landscape and its dynamics reprogramming in this period remains largely unknown. Herein we investigate the erasure and re-establishment of H3K4me2 in mouse GV, MII and embryos using an improved approach called Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) for histone modification with high-throughput sequencing. We find H3K4me2 extensively exists as a non-canonical pattern in mouse GV oocytes and early embryos. Interestingly, H3K4me2 is erased in MII oocyte and re-established in late 2-cell stage. Importantly, mouse embryos acquire widespread H3K4me2 in CpG-rich and hypomethylated regulatory regions in 4-cell stage, as well as 8-cell stage, but drastic changes happen upon ICM, these CpG-rich H3K4me2 regulatory regions then resolve to either active or repressed states. In summary, our study not only unveil that H3K4me2 transition from parental to zygote, but also provide a H3K4me2 profile during early embryo development, and this will enhance our comprehension to epigenetic reprogramming during mouse early development and in vitro fertilization.
Factors Related to the Dementia Prevention Behavior among Community-dwelling Older Adults based on the Health Belief Model: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Lee Jin Young , Ko Eun
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationships between perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and dementia prevention behavior among community-dwelling older adults.Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional, correlational design using a structured questionnaire. This study participants were 218 older adults aged at least 65 years who visited a senior citizen center and lived in S City C Province. The survey was conducted in August 2022. Perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy were measured using a tool developed by Song & Park (2018). Dementia prevention behavior was measured using a tool developed by Lim, Kim, and Kim (2018).Results: The scores for perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy were 5.52±0.69, 3.04±0.85, and 4.98±0.97 points, respectively (possible range: 1~7). The score for dementia prevention behavior was 3.91±0.51 (possible range: 1~5). Dementia health behavior was significantly correlated with perceived benefits (r=.32, p<.001), perceived barriers (r=-.40, p<.001), and self-efficacy (r=.64, p<.001). Self-efficacy (β=.43, p<.001), perceived barriers (β=-.23, p<.001), and experience of using a dementia center (β=.20, p<.001) explained 48.6% of the variance in dementia prevention behavior (F=19.63, p<.001).Conclusion: Prior to developing a nursing intervention program to improve dementia health behavior in community-dwelling older adults, it is necessary to clarify perceived barriers and consider self-efficacy.