bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for non-benefit of implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy
Authors: Kreimer Fabienne , Lewenhardt Marie , El-Battrawy Ibrahim , Haghikia Arash , Gotzmann Michael
Published: January 2025

Studies have demonstrated overall prognostic benefits of ICD implantation in patients at increased risk of sudden cardiac death. However, results are inconsistent in certain subgroups. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic implications of comorbidities on ICD outcomes and compare trends in patient selection and outcomes over a decade-long inclusion period. This study analysed 422 patients undergoing ICD implantation between 2011 and 2020. The study endpoint “no-benefit” was characterized by death from any cause occurring without prior appropriate ICD therapy. Benefit of ICD implantation was defined as either receiving appropriate ICD therapy before death or surviving until the end of the observation period. During a mean follow-up of 4.2 ± 3.0 years, no-benefit of ICD implantation was observed in 84 patients (20%). Independent risk factors for no-benefit were age ≥ 68 years (HR 4.599, p < 0.001), anemia (HR 2.549, p < 0.001), peripheral artery disease (HR 2.066, p = 0.007), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 1.939, p = 0.014). Subgroup analysis by age < 68 years and ≥ 68 years demonstrated that the risk of no-benefit increases with age and comorbidities. When comparing patients with ICD implantation in 2011–2015 with those in 2016–2020, there were no significant differences in one-, two- and three-year-no-benefit rates. Different comorbidities were associated with no-benefit in the early and late implantation groups. Risk factors such as older age and specific comorbidities are associated with a higher likelihood of no-benefit from ICD implantation. A careful patient selection and consideration of individual risk factors besides advanced age is important.
Influence of label and academic field on cancer stigma and subjective illness theories among medicine and psychology students: a cross-sectional online study
Authors: Rutenkröger Mareike , Agrali Sakine , Scholl Isabelle
Published: January 2025

The growing population of cancer survivors faces psychosocial challenges, including stigma. This study examined stigma toward “persons with cancer” and “cancer survivors” among medicine and psychology students, focusing on the impact of labeling. Additionally, the study explored these students’ subjective illness theories of cancer. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey with 186 psychology and 179 medicine students from German universities, assessing stigmatizing attitudes using a modified Social Distance Scale and subjective illness theories. Participants were randomly assigned to items using either term. Data analysis included univariate two-factorial ANOVA, Mann-Whitney-U-tests, and Kruskall-Wallis-tests. Results showed the strongest stigma for having a person with cancer/cancer survivor as a son-/daughter-in-law, and the lowest for having them as neighbors. Medicine students endorsed more stigmatizing statements with the label “cancer survivors,” while psychology students did so with the label “persons with cancer.” Subjective illness theories differed between groups. The study highlights minimal stigma endorsement among both student groups, with labeling influencing attitudes. These findings emphasize the need for educational initiatives in health professional curricula to address stigmatization and encourage compassionate patient care.
Convolutional neural networks for accurate real-time diagnosis of oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma using high-resolution in vivo confocal microscopy
Authors: Ramani Rishi S. , Tan Ivy , Bussau Lindsay , O’Reilly Lorraine A. , Silke John , Angel Christopher , Celentano Antonio , Whitehead Lachlan , McCullough Michael , Yap Tami
Published: January 2025

Oral cancer detection is based on biopsy histopathology, however with digital microscopy imaging technology there is real potential for rapid multi-site imaging and simultaneous diagnostic analysis. Fifty-nine patients with oral mucosal abnormalities were imaged in vivo with a confocal laser endomicroscope using the contrast agents acriflavine and fluorescein for the detection of oral epithelial dysplasia and oral cancer. To analyse the 9168 images frames obtained, three tandem applied pre-trained Inception-V3 convolutional neural network (CNN) models were developed using transfer learning in the PyTorch framework. The first CNN was used to filter for image quality, followed by image specific diagnostic triage models for fluorescein and acriflavine, respectively. Images were categorised based on a histopathological diagnosis into 4 categories: no dysplasia, lichenoid lesions, low-grade dysplasia and high-grade dysplasia/oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The quality filtering model had an accuracy of 89.5%. The acriflavine diagnostic model performed well for identifying lichenoid (AUC = 0.94) and low-grade dysplasia (AUC = 0.91) but poorly for identifying no dysplasia (AUC = 0.44) or high-grade dysplasia/OSCC (AUC = 0.28). In contrast, the fluorescein diagnostic model had high classification performance for all diagnostic classes (AUC range = 0.90–0.96). These models had a rapid classification speed of less than 1/10th of a second per image. Our study suggests that tandem CNNs can provide highly accurate and rapid real-time diagnostic triage for in vivo assessment of high-risk oral mucosal disease.
Central projections of nociceptive input originating from the low back and limb muscle in rats
Authors: Hoheisel Ulrich , Treede Rolf-Detlef , Mense Siegfried , Taguchi Toru
Published: January 2025

Since clinical features of chronic muscle pain originating from the low back and limbs are different (higher prevalence and broader/duller sensation of low back muscle pain than limb muscle pain), spinal and/or supraspinal projection of nociceptive information could differ between the two muscles. We tested this hypothesis using c-Fos immunohistochemistry combined with retrograde-labeling of dorsal horn (DH) neurons projecting to ventrolateral periaqueductal grey (vlPAG) or ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus (VPL) by fluorogold (FG) injections into the vlPAG or VPL. C-Fos expression in the DH was induced by injecting 5% formalin into the multifidus (MF, low back) or gastrocnemius-soleus (GS, limb) muscle. A double-labeled DH neuron showing both c-Fos-immunoreactive nucleus and retrogradely transported FG in the cytoplasm was considered as a nociceptive projection neuron. Consistent with DH somatotopy for proximal vs. distal cutaneous inputs, DH neurons with MF input were located in the most lateral area of laminae I − II (segments Th12 − L5), while those with GS input were located in the middle area of laminae I − II (L3 − L5). DH neurons projecting to the vlPAG were located in superficial DH, while those projecting to VPL were located in deep DH. Supraspinal projection derived from more spinal segments for MF input than for GS input. These data suggest that nociceptive input from low back muscles is integrated more in craniocaudal direction than for limb muscles, and that these signals are then forwarded to both PAG and thalamus and contribute to the different nature of muscle pain arising from the low back and limbs.
Targeting the activated allosteric conformation of the endothelin receptor B in melanoma with an antibody-drug conjugate: mechanisms and therapeutic efficacy
Authors: Herbet Amaury , Hautière Marie , Jean-Alphonse Frédéric , Vivier Delphine , Leboeuf Christophe , Costa Narciso , Mabondzo Aloïse , Bousquet Guilhem , Denat Franck , Reiter Eric , Boquet Didier
Published: January 2025

Background

Endothelin 1 receptors are one of the drivers of tumor progression in many cancers. Inhibition of their signaling pathways with antagonist drugs has been the subject of numerous clinical trials, but the results have not met expectations probably due to the high endothelin concentrations in the tumor microenvironment and their unusually high affinity for their receptors.

Methods

We previously reported the rendomab B49 antibody (RB49) exhibiting a preferential affinity for the activated conformation of human endothelin B receptor (ETB), not displaced by high endothelin levels, and without any pharmacological properties that could inhibit the division of melanoma cells. In this context, we have developed xiRB49-MMAE, a chimeric antibody-drug conjugated (ADC) to monomethyl auristatin E. We have characterized its physicochemical properties, studied its binding mechanisms, and evaluated its therapeutic potential in a preclinical model. Immunohistochemical analysis of metastatic melanoma lymph nodes evaluated RB49 as a diagnostic tool for patient stratification.

Results

xiRB49-MMAE showed high efficacy against melanoma cells and ETB
+ xenograft tumor models. IHC studies indicated that 100% of melanoma patient lymph node biopsies were RB49-positive.

Conclusions

xiRB49-MMAE is a promising drug candidate for clinical trials in ETB
+ tumors. RB49 could be used as a diagnostic tool for patient stratification.
Tyramine–enzyme conjugate repeats for an interdigitated capacitance immunosensing array in the detection of neuroblastoma biomarker neuron-specific enolase
Authors: Hu Xianchen , Xu Yali , Lin Yuexi , Chen Xinghe , Lin Junshan
Published: January 2025

This work designed a capacitance immunosensor to detect neuron-specific enolase on an interdigitated micro-comb electrode, coupled with tyramine signal amplification and enzymatic biocatalytic precipitation.
Molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor to sensitively detect tetramethylpyrazine in Baijiu
Authors: Rui Yating , Wu Jianfeng , Tang Qunyong , Pu Juan , Wang Wanpeng , Ding Shou-Nian
Published: January 2025

Tetramethylpyrazine known for its natural health benefits in Baijiu, has been electrochemical analysis using molecularly imprinted technology.
Advances in magnetic nanoparticles for molecular medicine
Authors: Yang Xiaoyue , Kubican Sarah E. , Yi Zhongchao , Tong Sheng
Published: January 2025

Applications of magnetic nanoparticles in medicine have been developed utilizing their imaging capabilities, magnetic–mechanical functions, heating effects, and catalytic properties.
A brief review on the progress of MXene-based catalysts for electro- and photochemical water splitting for hydrogen generation
Authors: Pandit Manzoor Ahmad , Yuan Jingwei , Nazir Roshan , Dong Yubing , Li Qianqian
Published: January 2025

The development and generation of affordable and highly efficient energy, particularly hydrogen, are one of the best approaches to address the challenges posed by the depletion of non-renewable energy sources.
A novel Tm3+-doped Tb3Al3Ga2O12 magneto-optic crystal for Faraday isolators
Authors: Xin Xianhui , Hao Yuankai , Yang Xianxian , Zhang Zhen , Li Chunquan , Zhao Hongyang , Lin Na , Fu Xiuwei , Jia Zhitai
Published: January 2025

The Verdet constant of Tm: TAGG is close to that of TAGG, which is about 1.33 times that of TGG at 1064 nm. Therefore, Tm: TAGG has great potential for application as a Faraday isolator.
Particles emitted from smouldering peat: size-resolved composition and emission factors
Authors: Wilson Amy L. , Cui Wuquan , Hu Yuqi , Chiapasco Marta , Rein Guillermo , Porter Alexandra E. , Fowler Geoff , Stettler Marc E. J.
Published: January 2025

Peat fires emit large quantities of particles and gases, which cause extensive haze events. This study reports on the physicochemical properties of particles emitted from smouldering peat fires.
Preparation of Morchella esculenta protein and its preventive effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice
Authors: Gao Chen , Liu Peng , Li Wen , Chen Wanchao , Zhang Zhong , Wu Di , Huang Jingjing , Dong Gangqiang , Yang Yan
Published: January 2025

Morchella esculenta is a valuable edible fungus with multidimensional bioactivities; however, research on M. esculenta protein and its beneficial effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been limited.
Nitroaromatic-based triazene prodrugs to target the hypoxic microenvironment in glioblastoma
Authors: Braga Cláudia , Ferreira-Silva Margarida , Corvo M. Luísa , Moreira Rui , Fernandes Alexandra R. , Vaz João , Perry Maria J.
Published: January 2025

Nitroaromatic-based triazene prodrugs elicited enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in hypoxic LN-229 glioblastoma cells comparing to temozolomide, highlighting their therapeutic potential for glioblastoma multiforme.
Investigation of the photocatalytic potential of C/N-co-doped ZnO nanorods produced via a mechano-thermal process
Authors: Meena Parmeshwar Lal , Surela Ajay Kumar , Chhachhia Lata Kumari , Meena Jugmohan , Meena Rohitash
Published: January 2025

Doping in pure materials causes vital alterations in opto-electrical and physicochemical characteristics, which enable the produced doped material to be highly efficient and effective.
A comprehensive study of electronic, optical, mechanical and piezoelectric properties of Li-based tin-halide perovskites using GGA, meta-GGA and HSE06 methods
Authors: Lalengmawia Celestine , Renthlei Zosiamliana , Gurung Shivraj , Zuala Lalhriat , Pachuau Lalrinthara , Singh Ningthoujam Surajkumar , Vanchhawng Lalmuanpuia , Gopi Karthik , Yvaz A. , Rai D. P.
Published: January 2025

Schematic presentation of piezoelectric device of LiSnX3 for the generation of electricity.
Revealing the chemical compatibility of common solvents and electrolytes with Mo2TiC2-based MXenes and their interfaces in aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) through first-principles molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Liu Haoliang , Zeng Chao , Jing Ziang , Wu Kai , Cheng Yonghong , Xiao Bing
Published: January 2025

A comprehensive investigation on the chemical compatibility of various solvents and electrolytes with Mo2TiC2-based MXenes is conducted, evaluating their possible use as solvents, additives and electrolytes in aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs).
Giant inverse elastocaloric effect of n-alkanes imbedded in a carbon-frame for room temperature thermal management
Authors: Li Fangbiao , Xu Xiong , Zhai Guangwei , Niu Chang , Li Min , Wang Hui
Published: January 2025

This work provides atomic-scale insights and important guidance on improving the overall cooling performance of n-alkanes embedded in carbon architectures based on elastocaloric effects, particularly for room temperature solid-state refrigeration.
Tuning the local S coordination environment on Ru single atoms to boost the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Ran Yiling , Gan Rong , Zhao Qin , Ma Quanlei , Liao Yijing , Li Yinwei , Wang Yi , Wang Yanwei , Zhang Yan
Published: January 2025

A single atom Ru-NiS2 catalyst with a controlled S-coordination environment for OER was prepared by a simple atom capture strategy. Fine-tuned local S coordination environment can optimize the electronic structure of Ru active sites.
Nanomaterial-enabled anti-biofilm strategies: new opportunities for treatment of bacterial infections
Authors: Xie Yijia , Liu Huanhuan , Teng Zihao , Ma Jiaxin , Liu Gang
Published: January 2025

Scheme of nano-delivery systems in anti-biofilm application. Created with BioRender.com.
Unexpected amine-triggered skeletal modification of fascaplysin and its derivatives: rapid access to δ,γ-biscarbolines
Authors: Wang Zizhen , Wang Huanhuan , Xu Mei , Wang Liping , Liu Sheng
Published: January 2025

An unsuccessful attempt to directly construct alkaloid iheyamine A from a fascaplysin framework resulted in the discovery of a novel synthetic approach to alkylated δ,γ-biscarboline derivatives.
Optimizing the properties of In–N dual-doped SnO2 films: incorporation of nitrogen into the SnO2 lattice at the optimal content via direct current sputtering
Authors: Le Tran
Published: January 2025

Direct current magnetron sputtering was employed to fabricate In–N dual-doped SnO2 films, with varying concentrations of N2 in a mixed sputtering gas of N2 and argon (Ar).
Recent advances in synthesis and application of Magnéli phase titanium oxides for energy storage and environmental remediation
Authors: Ekanayake S. Amanda , Mai Haoxin , Chen Dehong , Caruso Rachel A.
Published: January 2025

Review covering the formation, properties and applications of Magnéli phase titanium suboxides (TinO2n−1, 4 ≤ n ≤ 9) in energy storage and environmental remediation.
Theoretical estimation to double the performance of perovskite solar cells using a graded absorber layer
Authors: Nayak Monisha , Akhtar Abu Jahid , Saha Sudip K.
Published: January 2025

This article presents a SCAPS-1D theoretical model to enhance the efficiency of single-junction perovskite solar cell by applying an absorber grading scheme to an existing device configuration. The optimized graded structure achieved nearly a 95% efficiency enhancement.
Impact of nitrogen configuration on the anchoring mechanism of platinum nanoparticles on carbon substrates: synergistic modification for hydrogen evolution in acidic and alkaline media
Authors: Zheng Qian , Yu Fengshan , Chen Zijun , Cao Caifang , Ye Jianzhong , Zhan Youbei , Wang Chunxia , Huang Guoyong , Xu Shengming
Published: January 2025

Pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N, and graphitic-N fully exploit their distinct roles, amplify their collective influence and maximize the synergistic interaction between Pt and NC, ultimately leading to exceptional HER performance over a broad pH range.
Exploring the multifaceted roles of metal–organic frameworks in ecosystem regulation
Authors: Li Wanjing , Chen Jing , Guo Jian , Chan Ka Teng , Liang Yini , Chen Meixuan , Wang Jing , Gadipelli Srinivas , Zhou Xuedong , Cheng Lei
Published: January 2025

This review provides a comprehensive analysis on the applications of various MOFs in both microbial eradication and protection, emphasizing their potential as promising smart materials in the field of ecosystem regulation.
Wide-bandgap quantum dots with large-span fluorescence switching and two-photon emission via protonation/deprotonation
Authors: Ding Yamei , Xie Mingyu , He Ping , Zhao Ziqi , Lin Huiwen , Tao Li
Published: January 2025

Wide band-gap quantum dots exhibit long-span one-photon emission switching and the first reported two-photon emission via protonation and deprotonation.
Correction: Screening and investigation of a short antimicrobial peptide: AVGAV
Authors: Cao Yang , Kang Linlin , Wang Yumei , Ren Zekai , Wu Han , Liu Xin , Cong Hailin , Yu Bing , Shen Youqing
Published: January 2025

Correction for ‘Screening and investigation of a short antimicrobial peptide: AVGAV’ by Yang Cao et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023, 11, 10941–10955, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TB01672B.
Optical gas imaging and deep learning for quantifying enteric methane emissions from rumen fermentation in vitro
Authors: Embaby Mohamed G. , Sarker Toqi Tahamid , AbuGhazaleh Amer , Ahmed Khaled R.
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the possibility of using a laser methane detector (LMD) and optical gas imaging (OGI) to detect and quantify enteric methane () produced by ruminants in vitro. Four single‐flow continuous fermenters were used for rumen culture incubation with four different treatment diets: Control (50:50 forage to concentrate [F:C] ratio), Control + Bromoform (CBR), Low Forage (LF; 20:80), and High Forage (HF; 80:20). After 10 days of incubation, all fermenter contents were transferred and used in a 24 h ANKOM batch culture to measure gas production with LMD and OGI. The authors introduce the Controlled Diet (CD) dataset, a large‐scale collection of 4,885 plume images captured using an FLIR GF77 OGI camera under varying dietary conditions. The performance of six semantic segmentation models (FCN, U‐Net, Vision Transformer, Swin Transformer, DeepLabv3+, and Gasformer) on the CD dataset is compared. Results showed that LMD data for followed a similar pattern to the gas chromatography (GC) instrument results. The in vitro results showed that different diets and F:C ratios had an impact on gas production and rumen fermentation characteristics. Adding bromoform to the control diet fully inhibited emission. The HF diet produced more compared to all treatments () when measured with GC and LMD. CBR produced the lowest values when measured with GC and LMD. The Gasformer architecture achieved the highest performance with mean IoU of 85.1% and mean F‐score of 91.72%. These findings demonstrate that OGI technology combined with advanced semantic segmentation models offers a promising solution for predicting and quantifying emissions in the livestock sector, potentially aiding in the development of mitigation strategies to combat climate change.
Response surface optimization of cleaning vehicle sweeping suction flow field characteristics and parameter matching
Authors: Yaozong Xu , Chao Gong , Yajuan Chen , You Wan , Jiabao Pan
Published: January 2025

Aiming at the problem of low cleaning efficiency caused by improper matching of working parameters of the current sweeper, this paper uses the computational fluid dynamics method to study the sweeping suction flow field of a certain sweeper model. The single‐factor effects of key operating parameters (e.g., disc brush inclination β, disc brush rotation speed ω, sweeper travelling speed VC, and suction nozzle negative pressure P) on the cleaning performance were analysed, specifically, the speed of the rear of the disc brushes, the speed of the front of the suction nozzle, and the cleaning efficiency. The Box–Behnken design and regression analysis were used to optimize the matching of the operating parameters. The study shows that under certain conditions the optimum operating parameters of the sweeper are, β = β2, ω = 160 rev/min, and P = −3.6 kPa. Finally, by analysing the flow field characteristics of the sweeping suction system, it is verified that the vortex phenomenon inside the optimized flow field is reduced, and the suction nozzle can suck in the airflow and particles more smoothly to improve the cleaning efficiency.
Justification for the physiological isolation of the torus based on the pain sensitivity of the oral mucosa
Authors: Alijon Sobirov , Sunnatullo Gafforov , Nurmukhamet Ruzuddinov , Raykhon Pulatova , Ravshanbek Jambilov , Kalamkas Ruzuddinova , Zukhriddin Djumaev , Sevara Gafforova
Published: January 2025

At the current stage of scientific and practical dental development, many patients cannot use removable dentures fully. However, there are many new effective methods for this type of orthopedic dental treatment. We are improving the methods of manufacturing high-quality removable dentures through clinical, functional, and physicomechanical research. Orthopedic dental treatment was performed in 33 patients, for whom dentures were made depending on the pain sensitivity of the torus with a certain thickness of insulation. Measurements of pain sensitivity and compliance of the oral mucosa were performed, and diagnostic models were studied. Patients who had partial and full removable plate prostheses made using our developed techniques noted a positive shift in the quality of life after prosthetics, in comparison with prostheses made earlier. The results showed that after orthopedic dental treatment, the proportion of patients who considered their quality of life to be good increased significantly (78.4%), with the initial indicator (8.1%). In addition, 16.2% of patients considered their quality of life to be satisfactory, and only 5.4% continued to consider their quality of life to be unsatisfactory, although before prosthetics, this indicator was (5.1%). These data show that high-quality dental prosthetics improve the quality of life of our patients since this indicator changed for the better from 8.1% to 78.4%. Diagnostic measures using devices for determining the pain sensitivity of the oral mucosa, the clinical and functional classification of the torus, and recommended methods of its isolation solve the problem of improving the quality of removable prostheses.
General anesthesia of endhotracheal tube in cholesistektomy with cholelithiasis with cholecystitis: A case report
Authors: Prayoga Esa Dahan , Suandika Made , Jerau Emiliani Elsi , Indriani
Published: January 2025

Gallstones can develop in cholelithiasis, a disorder that causes inflammation and symptoms include pain in the upper right abdomen. According to this study, a 33-year-old lady has experienced periodic nausea and recurrent upper right abdomen pain for a number of years. Data for a descriptive case study were gathered by closely observing and tracking hemodynamic reactions while under anesthesia. Laboratory testing, ultrasonography, and a physical examination were used to confirm the diagnosis of cholelithiasis. Under general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation, the patient had a cholecystectomy. In addition to fentanyl for analgesia, pre-anesthesia preparation contained ondansetron and atropine to prevent bradycardia and nausea. Fentanyl, propofol, and rocuronium were used for induction, while fentanyl, ibuprofen, and vitamin C were used for postoperative pain control. With the proper anesthetic modifications, the patient stayed steady throughout the procedure. Tramadol and a heated blanket were used to treat postoperative shivering, whereas 3% sevoflurane was used to preserve consciousness. The patient was prepared for transfer to the inpatient ward, as indicated by their aldrete score of 9. This study finds that endotracheal intubation combined with general anesthesia works well for cholecystectomy in individuals with cholelithiasis. A multimodal approach to pain and shivering control, along with proper anesthetic management, guarantees hemodynamic stability, reduces discomfort, and promotes a quicker recovery.
Rule-based ai system for early paediatric diabetes diagnosis using backward chaining and certainty factors
Authors: Al-Hakim Rosyid R. , Setiawan Retno Agus , Hidayat Rachman , Arkananta Edgina R. , Samodra Galih , Jayusman Hadi , Suryani Riska , Famuji Tri Styo
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health threat that can cause complications if early diagnosis and treatment are not carried out, 1.3 million children aged 6–18 or about 1.1% of the population of children in Indonesia are affected by this disease. Furthermore, the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children is on the rise in Indonesia but we do not have an accurate figure due to a high misdiagnosis rate. The aim of this study was to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based expert system for the early diagnosis of paediatric Type 1 DM using backward chaining and certainty factor methods. Backward Chaining is a reasoning method that starts with a hypothesis, then there is Certainty Factor method which is would make it become certainty by calculated the value from each symptom. Based on the National Diabetes Audit 2017-2021, the system processes clinical data such as HbA1c levels and symptoms. Testing shows accurate diagnoses about 79.2% for 10 validation tests with patients, aiding healthcare in underresourced areas. Future work includes expanding the dataset and integrating machine learning for improved adaptability.
Public health implications of the relationship between socioeconomic and cultural dimensions on immunization coverage in Bangkalan, East Java
Authors: Ulfah Nurnaningsih Herya , Rachmawat Windi Chusniah , Rahmawati Indana Tri , Katmawanti Septa , Samah Dea Aflah , Wahyuni Oktavia Sri , Aulia Syafa Nairah , Az Zahra Aulia Rizqia
Published: January 2025

Compared to the statewide average of 91.7%, Bangkalan District had the lowest basic vaccination coverage in East Java in 2022, at just 64.7%. Misconceptions regarding vaccinations are the cause of this poor coverage, which raises the risk of morbidity and death. According to WHO, 1.5 million children die each year from illnesses that may be prevented because they were not vaccinated, underscoring the wider impact on public health. The socioeconomic and cultural elements influencing parents’ choices to vaccinate their children in Bangkalan were examined in this study. 87 mothers of toddlers older than two years from the Blega Health Center were chosen by simple random sampling as part of a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered using questionnaires and interviews, and SPSS 23 was used for both univariate and bivariate analysis. The findings indicated that family culture did not significantly correlate with vaccine coverage (p-value = 0.218), while socioeconomic position and immunization coverage did (p-value = 0.001). The low vaccination rates are mostly influenced by socioeconomic considerations, which emphasizes the need for increased accessibility and awareness. It is advised to implement tactics like expanding the hours of health facilities and providing vaccination services in accessible areas. In Bangkalan, increasing vaccination coverage and lowering avoidable child fatalities depend heavily on economic assistance and education.
Case study: Review of nursing management and it’s implementation in the Ar-Rahman Room Islamic Hospital Purwokerto
Authors: Susanti Indri Heri , Sumarni Tri , Alifiya Innazza Nur
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the implementation of nursing management in Ar Rahman Room, Purwokerto Islamic Hospital, focusing on the implementation of pre and post conference, therapeutic communication, and handover meeting efficiency. This study was conducted through patient satisfaction and nusse job satisfaction questionnaires, documentation studies, interviews, and observations of nurses and the head of nurse. The results showed that the implementation of pre and post conference had not been fully carried out, which had an impact on the lack of effective communication between shifts. After implementation, there was a significant improvement in therapeutic communication and handover meeting, which successfully reduced the time from 55.5 minutes to 30 minutes per session. The prioritized problems found were the ineffective implementation of pre and post conference, lack of therapeutic communication, and inefficient handover meeting process. The implementation was carried out using the CARL method to prioritize problems and corrective actions. This study concluded that improving communication skills and time management in the nursing process can directly contribute to improving the quality of nursing services. Recommendations include increased nursing training, management support, and the use of assistive technology to improve the efficiency of nursing management.
Impact of video-based educational intervention to improve parents’ knowledge and awareness towards risk of antibiotic resistance in children: A pre-post interventional design
Authors: Syam Wahyu Romizatul Isnaeni , Kaaffah Silma , Fauziah Fauziah
Published: January 2025

Due to parental ignorance, carelessness, and inappropriate antibiotic treatment, antibiotic resistance in children is on the rise in Indonesia. This study assesses how animated video education affects parents’ understanding and awareness of the hazards of antibiotic resistance in kids. 250 respondents from Karanggedang and Karangcengis Villages participated in the cross-sectional study, which was carried out in May and June 2024. They were chosen using cluster random sampling from 10 Integrated Service Posts. After seeing the instructional video, pre- and post-tests were administered using a validated and dependable questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha >0.6). Significant improvements were shown by respondents, who were mostly low-educated housewives under 30. With a p-value of 0.001 (<0.005), the Wilcoxon test results showed a 23.6% increase in awareness and a 12% increase in knowledge. According to the study’s findings, animated video education can effectively raise parental knowledge and comprehension of the hazards associated with antibiotic resistance, highlighting its potential to solve AMR issues.
Analysis of microorganisms and antibiotic resistance in medical instruments in the central sterile supply department (CSSD) of hospitals before and after sterilization
Authors: Hapsari Woro , Sajidan  , Suranto  , Hikmayani Nur Hafidha
Published: January 2025

Sterilization is essential in preventing the spread of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance in hospital settings. This study examines the microbial growth and antibiotic resistance of seven medical instruments from the Central Supply Sterile Department, before and after sterilization. The instruments analyzed include arterial clamps, anatomical forceps, tissue scissors, surgical forceps, nal puder, open small tray, and instrument tray. The methodology involved in vitro microbiological testing, including Gram staining, colony counting, and the Vitek 2 system for bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST). Results showed that before sterilization, nal puder was contaminated with Staphylococcus hominis ssp hominis (Gram-positive) and Bacillus sp. (Gram-positive), while the instrument tray was contaminated with Pseudomonas stutzeri (Gramnegative). After sterilization and a 90-day storage period, Staphylococcus hominis ssp hominis was detected on the open small tray. AST revealed an increase in bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics, from 12 to 14 types poststerilization. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Benzylpenicillin decreased from 0.25 μg/mL (resistant) to ≤0.03 μg/mL (sensitive). This study highlights the critical role of sterilization in infection control and antibiotic resistance management in healthcare settings.
Single-shot impulsive stimulated Brillouin microscopy by tailored ultrashort pulses
Authors: Krause David , Liebig Leon , Boehm John , Koukourakis Nektarios , Czarske Juergen W.
Published: January 2025

Brillouin microscopy has become an important tool for investigating the mechanical properties of tissue. The recently developed Impulsive Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (ISBS) promises a label-free, non-invasive measurements of viscoelastic properties of transparent samples and offers the potential for a high temporal resolution. However, the spatial resolution of ISBS is currently limited. Increasing the spatial resolution of ISBS leads to an increase in the energy density of the pump beams, which requires a balancing of the excitation parameters to stay below the phototoxic threshold. This paper focuses on the influences of different excitation parameters on the spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution and their optimal values. Combined with the adoption of a noise suppressing window function, a measurement rate of 20 μs/pixel in hydrogel is achieved, which is promising for fast 3D imaging. The presented advanced impulsive stimulated Brillouin microscopy can be applied for fast tissue elastography toward disease studies.
The rectus abdominis tendon insertion to the pubic bone and its clinical implications: A cadaveric study
Authors: Tourvas Evangelos A. , Zibis Aristidis H. , Klontzas Michail E. , Karantanas Apostolos H. , Bastian Johannes D. , Tosounidis Theodoros H.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to determine the rectus abdominis tendon (RAT) insertional anatomy and consequently clarify the extension of secure mobilization of the tendon from the pubic bone in the setting of anterior approaches in pelvic and acetabular reconstruction surgery. Materials and methods: Eleven fresh frozen cadaveric pelvises were dissected by two fellowship-trained orthopaedic trauma surgeons utilizing the anterior intrapelvic approach (AIP). The RAT at the pubic body was dissected, and its footprint on the pubic bone was defined, marked, and measured. Results: Nineteen (19) RAT insertions were analyzed. The average total medial vertical length was 33 mm (range 26–42 mm), and the average total lateral vertical length was 36.5 mm (range 26–46 mm). The total width of the proximal insertion on both sides was measured at an average of 20.42 mm (range 14–24 mm). The average width of the tendon at the transition area between the cranial and caudal areas of the pubic bone was 16.45 mm (range 12–22 mm). The average distal insertion width of the RAT was less than the proximal and middle widths, measuring 10.45 mm (range 8–13 mm). Conclusion: The tendon can be safely mobilized up to an average total medial vertical length of 33 mm (and in no case more than 42 mm) and to an average total lateral vertical length of 36.5 mm (and in no case more than 46 mm). This piece of anatomical information will equip orthopaedic surgeons with a better understanding of the insertional anatomy of the RAT and subsequent safer surgical release when performing anterior approaches to the pelvic ring.
A comparison of Project Servator and routine stop and search outcomes in the city of London
Authors: Marchment Zoe , Gill Paul
Published: January 2025

Project Servator is a strategic method of policing designed to deter, detect and disrupt a wide range of criminal activity including terrorism. This paper is the first empirical study to evaluate the stop and search aspect of Servator deployments. We compare the outcomes of 3488 routine stop and searches and 510 Servator stop and searches to determine whether the stop and search tactics used in this initiative produce more positive outcomes than routine stop and searches. We also compare outcomes of stop and searches that occurred on the basis of suspicious behaviour alone, by ethnicity, and through using a geographically matched sample. Collectively, the results indicate that stop and searches that occur during Servator deployments are more efficient than routine stop and search.
The nature of the unusual magnetic properties of Gd2CuO4
Authors: Vitebsky I. M. , Stepanov A. A. , Chattopadhyay T. , Brown P. J.
Published: January 2025

A theoretical analysis of the magnetic properties of Gd2CuO4 is carried out. The basis for the analysis is the assumption of the existence of a particular type of structural distortion, strongly correlated within each CuO2 plane, but with the sense of the distortion which characterizes the displacement pattern being uncorrelated from plane to plane. Using symmetry arguments and mean field approximation we shall demonstrate that such a model provides a natural and consistent qualitative explanation of various magnetic properties of this compound including the spin reorientation phase transition at 20 K. The nature of this magnetic phase transition, which is accompanied by unusual and perhaps unique critical behavior, has remained unclear until now.
Deceleration of charged dislocations by polarons in ionic crystals at low temperatures
Authors: Gestrin S. G.
Published: January 2025

It is shown that the interaction of charged dislocations in ionic crystals at low temperatures with polarons whose concentration can increase to high values as a result of intrinsic photoemission due to exposure of the crystal to ultraviolet or visible radiation may influence the deceleration of dislocations significantly. The increase in the polaron concentration with the radiant flux incident on the crystal reduces the velocity of dislocations for a fixed shear stress applied to the crystal, resulting in a reduction of the plastic deformation rate. The drag force acting on a moving dislocation during its interaction with weak—as well as strong—coupling polarons is calculated.
Thermo-emf of the ceramic YBa2Cu3O6.2 under hydrostatic pressure up to 13 kbar
Authors: Kraidenov V. F. , Itskevich E. S.
Published: January 2025

The temperature dependence of the thermo-emf α of the ceramic YBa2Cu306.2±0.05 was studied in the temperature range 4.2−300 K under hydrostatic pressure P up to 13 kbar. It was found that α is positive and does not have a maximum in the entire investigated range of T and P. There is no superconductivity, and the resistivity ρ is of semiconductor type for all T and P. The pressure causes a decrease in α and ρ. The average rate d In α/dP = −3 · 10−5 bar−1, which is quite close to the value of this parameter for Y-samples with x = 6.6 observed earlier by us.
Current- and magnetic-field-controlled superconducting multi-terminal microstructures
Authors: Vol E. D. , Omel’yanchuk A. N.
Published: January 2025

We study theoretically superconducting microstructures of a special configuration, viz., Josephson multi-terminals (JMT), which are systems of interconnected microbridges. The nonlinear interaction of individual bridge junctions in JMT is due to fact that they have a common center and, hence, that the superconducting order parameter in each weak link is a function of the currents through all other microbridges. JMT is a nonlinear parametric element controlled by the current and the magnetic field. Dynamic equations have been derived, which govern the behavior of JMT versus the control parameters, viz., transport control currents or fluxes of an external magnetic field. We consider various JMT working regimes: synchronization of Josephson oscillations, degeneration of metastable states, and broken symmetry of the ground state in magnetic field.
Photoinduction and relaxation of linear birefringence in manganese-germanium garnets
Authors: Bedarev V. A. , Gnatchenko S. L.
Published: January 2025

The processes of induction of linear birefringence by light and its relaxation are studied in tetragonal Ca3Mn2Ge3O12 and cubic Cd3Mn2Ge3O12 manganese-germanium garnets. It is shown that the time dependences Δn(t) of the photo-induced birefringence measured during induction and relaxation of the effect are nonexponential in nature and are described by the law exp[−(t/τ)β] which takes into account the dispersion of characteristic times τ for these processes.
Polarization and intensity of dd-transitions in superconducting copper oxides
Authors: Loktev V. M.
Published: January 2025

A simple explanation is suggested for the observed dipolar character and planar polarization of dd-transitions as being due to a manifestation of pd-hybridization effects.
Structure of the oxygen monolayer on the basal plane of zinc single crystals
Authors: Krainyukova N. V. , Strzhemechny M. A. , Pezikov V. N.
Published: January 2025

Using the low-temperature reflection high electron energy diffraction method we have studied the structure of the oxygen layer, chemisorbed on the basal plane of Zn single crystals. The nearest neighbor distance within the layer, as a function of temperature, exhibits an anomaly in the region 120 to 130 K, which we ascribe to a change in the commensurability of the oxygen layer and the zinc surface. The anomaly is reversible in temperature. Analysis of diffraction patterns for relatively rough samples shows that the relaxation of the upper zinc layer is contractive by about 8%.
Mutual influence of superconducting and structure phase transitions
Authors: Poluektov Yu. M.
Published: January 2025

Based on the phenomenological theory of second-order transitions and an extended Ginzburg–Landau theory, which accounts for the crystal symmetry of the superconductor, we study the mutual influence of superconducting and structure phase transitions. Transitions without changes of the Bravais lattice are considered. As an example we study the phase transitions in materials of tetragonal symmetry. Possible phase transformations and their dependence on the temperature and the intensity of the “interaction” between superconducting and structure properties have been investigated. It is shown that a structure transformation can either promote superconductivity or suppress it as well, and vice versa, the superconducting state can significantly influence the lattice stability against structure changes.
Heat capacity of Kr-O2 solutions at helium temperatures
Authors: Muromtsev P. I. , Bagatskii M. I. , Manzhelii V. G. , Minchina I. Ya.
Published: January 2025

The heat capacity C of Kr–n16O2 solid solutions is investigated in the temperature range 0.5–10 K for oxygen concentration n varying between 0.26 and 10 mol.% under equilibrium vapor pressure. The contribution ΔC(T) to heat capacity due to spin-rotational degrees of freedom of O2 molecules is separated. The ΔC(T) peak observed at low impurity concentrations (n=0.26 mol.%) near 1 K is very close to the ΔC(T) peak of the solution Ar–0.13 mol.% l6O2. The experimental results are compared with theoretical models. At higher oxygen concentrations, the glass-like behavior of Kr–O2 solutions is less pronounced as compared to Kr–N2 solutions. An explanation of this difference is also given.
Heat capacity of dilute solid solutions of oxygen in the matrix of inert gases
Authors: Antsygina T. N. , Slyusarev V. A.
Published: January 2025

A quantitative description of the results of experimental studies of temperature dependence of the heat capacity of dilute solid solutions of oxygen in cryomatrices of inert gases is proposed on the basis of a consistent theory.
The nature of energy gaps in spin-wave spectra formed during induced transitions in ErFeO3
Authors: Dan’shin N. K.
Published: January 2025

Experiments are carried out to study the behavior of energy gaps at the points of type II spin-flip phase transitions induced by a magnetic field in ErFeO3. The gap is found to be independent of field (temperature) at the points marking the termination of spin-flip in iron sublattices, but increases considerably during a metamagnetic transition in the erbium subsystem. It is concluded that longitudinal vibrations of magnetization of iron are insignificant in the former case. On the other hand, longitudinal magnetization vibrations of erbium make a dominating contribution to the gap increase.
Spin waves in nonferromagnetic metals with quasilocal electron states in a quantizing magnetic field
Authors: Ermolaev A. M. , Ul’yanov V. V.
Published: January 2025

The effect of quasilocal states of electrons in the field of impurity atoms on the spectrum and attenuation of transverse quantum spin waves is considered for nonferromagnetic metals in a quantizing magnetic field. It is shown that the spin wave spectrum undergoes rearrangement in the region of intersection of the dispersion curve of the spin wave with the frequency of resonance electron transitions between quasilocal levels and Landau levels. Instead of one branch, each spectral window acquires two wave spectrum branches. The energy-momentum relation and the damping decrement of these waves are determined.
Cooper pair formation mechanism for high-temperature superconductors
Authors: Krivoshey I. V.
Published: January 2025

In the conducting phase of HTS the copper cations possess the mixed valence Cu1.5+ and the labile superstoichiometric oxygen exists in the only O2− form. Phase transfer of copper valence segregation, leading to the alternation of Cu+ and Cu2+ cations in the lattice planes, causes an electron disproportion on the O2− centers. This process [ineq] results in the formation of Cooper pairs on the O2−+O2−⇄O2+O22− ions, which move coherently in the electric field through the free levels of the neighboring O2 molecules.
The luminescence of excitons in the disordered media
Authors: Burin A. L.
Published: January 2025

The defect localized exciton spectrum and the emission relaxation are considered in the framework of the Fokker–Planck approximation. The criteria for occurrence of nonlinear effects are established. The physical nature of the deviation from an exponential time decay of such a spectrum is discussed. The results of the theoretical approach are in a satisfactory agreement with the recent experimental data.
Thermal expansion of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy, Bi2Sr2CuOy, and gallium-gadolinium garnet
Authors: Popov V. P. , Lobkovskaya T. A. , Gololobov E. M. , Ladut’ko N. F. , Prytkova N. A. , Tomilo Zh. M. , Fedotova V. V.
Published: January 2025

The temperature dependence of the thermal expansion of GGG, Bi-2201, and Bi-2212 has been measured in the interval 77–290 K using the dilatometric technique. The obtained data are employed to justify the use of a buffer layer for obtaining high-quality bismuth-based high-temperature superconducting films.
Influence of interface roughness and pointlike defects on the Josephson current in superconducting break junctions
Authors: Omelyanchouk A. N. , Verkin B. I. , Ouboter R. deBruyn , Muller C. J.
Published: January 2025

The stationary Josephson effect has been studied for the point contact between two clean superconductors with strong electron scattering in the interface. We calculate the effect of nonideal contact interfaces on the Josephson characteristics (current-phase relation I(φ) and critical current Ic) in the case of a rough diffusive interface and in the case of scattering on single defects localized in the constriction.