bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Risk of Depression in Residents Staying at Long-Term Care Institutions in Poland During the COVID-19 Pandemic Depending on the Quality of Cognitive Functioning
Authors: Górski Michał , Buczkowska Marta , Grajek Mateusz , Garbicz Jagoda , Całyniuk Beata , Paciorek Kamila , Głuszek Aleksandra , Polaniak Renata
Published: January 2022

Background: The development of the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the implementation of many procedures to safeguard against further increases in illness. Unfortunately, this has drastically reduced residents’ contact with their families, which has increased feelings of loneliness and isolation. This is particularly difficult in long-term care facilities, where the risk of developing depression is higher than in the general population.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the risk of depression among the residents of long-term care institutions in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic and to determine the relationship between the risk of depression and the occurrence of cognitive impairment in the study group.

Methods: The study included 273 residents from long-term care institutions in Poland. The risk of depression was determined based on an originally designed questionnaire. The cognitive state of the subjects was assessed using the screening test Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Both the depression risk assessment and the MMSE test were conducted twice: in March and December 2020.

Results: In March, severe dementia was present in 28.2% of the residents and normal MMSE scores were observed in 16.1% of the subjects; in December, the prevalence of severe dementia increased to 31.1% and that of normal scores decreased to 10.3%. In March, no participant was found to be at high risk of depression and moderate risk was observed in 14.3% of the subjects; in December, 2.6% of the residents had a high risk score and 45.4% had a moderate risk score. Statistical analysis revealed that higher MMSE scores correspond with a higher risk of depression.

Conclusion: A higher risk of depression was observed with the development of the pandemic. Residents with cognitive impairment were characterised by a lower risk of depression compared to individuals with normal MMSE scores. During the study, progression of cognitive impairment was observed in the residents.
What Are We Measuring When We Evaluate Digital Interventions for Improving Lifestyle? A Scoping Meta-Review
Authors: Castro Rodolfo , Ribeiro-Alves Marcelo , Oliveira Cátia , Romero Carmen Phang , Perazzo Hugo , Simjanoski Mario , Kapciznki Flavio , Balanzá-Martínez Vicent , De Boni Raquel B.
Published: January 2022

Background: Lifestyle Medicine (LM) aims to address six main behavioral domains: diet/nutrition, substance use (SU), physical activity (PA), social relationships, stress management, and sleep. Digital Health Interventions (DHIs) have been used to improve these domains. However, there is no consensus on how to measure lifestyle and its intermediate outcomes aside from measuring each behavior separately. We aimed to describe (1) the most frequent lifestyle domains addressed by DHIs, (2) the most frequent outcomes used to measure lifestyle changes, and (3) the most frequent DHI delivery methods.

Methods: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-ScR) Extension for Scoping Reviews. A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science for publications since 2010. We included systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials using DHI to promote health, behavioral, or lifestyle change.

Results: Overall, 954 records were identified, and 72 systematic reviews were included. Of those, 35 conducted meta-analyses, 58 addressed diet/nutrition, and 60 focused on PA. Only one systematic review evaluated all six lifestyle domains simultaneously; 1 systematic review evaluated five lifestyle domains; 5 systematic reviews evaluated 4 lifestyle domains; 14 systematic reviews evaluated 3 lifestyle domains; and the remaining 52 systematic reviews evaluated only one or two domains. The most frequently evaluated domains were diet/nutrition and PA. The most frequent DHI delivery methods were smartphone apps and websites.

Discussion: The concept of lifestyle is still unclear and fragmented, making it hard to evaluate the complex interconnections of unhealthy behaviors, and their impact on health. Clarifying this concept, refining its operationalization, and defining the reporting guidelines should be considered as the current research priorities. DHIs have the potential to improve lifestyle at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of prevention—but most of them are targeting clinical populations. Although important advances have been made to evaluate DHIs, some of their characteristics, such as the rate at which they become obsolete, will require innovative research designs to evaluate long-term outcomes in health.
What Factors Predict the Adoption of Type 2 Diabetes Patients to Wearable Activity Trackers—Application of Diffusion of Innovation Theory
Authors: Chen Ping , Shen Ying , Li Zeming , Sun Xinying , Feng Xing Lin , Fisher Edwin B.
Published: January 2022

Background: Globally, diabetes has brought an enormous burden to public health resources, and the situation of disease burden caused by diabetes in China is especially severe. China is currently facing the dual threat of aging and diabetes, and wearable activity trackers could promote elderly diabetic patients' physical activity levels and help them to manage blood glucose control. Therefore, examining the influencing factors of elderly patients' adoption intention is critical as wearing adoption determines actual wearing behaviors.

Objective: This study aims to explore the predicting factors of Chinese elderly type 2 diabetic patients' adoption intention to wearable activity trackers and their actual wearing behavior, using diffusion of innovation theory as the theoretical framework. We hope to provide insights into future interventions using wearable activity trackers as tools to improve the outcome of patients.

Methods: Wearable activity trackers were freely distributed to type 2 diabetic patients in Beijing, China. A questionnaire survey was conducted to examine predicting factors of adoption intention after a week's try-on. Actual wearing behavior for 3-month was obtained from the exclusive cloud. Data were analyzed with structural equation modeling.

Results: A total of 725 patients completed the questionnaire. Patients had a mean age of 60.3 ± 7.6 years old and the educational level was generally lower. The results indicated that observability was the primary influencing factor of patients' adoption intention (β = 0.775, P < 0.001). Relative advantage (β = 0.182, P = 0.014) and perceived social image (β = 0.080, P = 0.039) also had a positive influence while perceived risk (β = −0.148, P < 0.001) exerted a negative influence. In addition, results showed that the more intention led to the better actual wearing behavior (β = 0.127, P = 0.003). Observability (β = 0.103, P = 0.005), perceived ease (β = 0.085, P = 0.004), and relative advantage (β = 0.041, P = 0.009) also indirectly influenced the wearing behavior.

Conclusion: The intentions of Chinese elderly type 2 diabetic patients to wearable activity trackers directly influenced the actual wearing behavior. In addition, their adoption intention to wearable activity trackers was mainly influenced by observability, perceived ease to use, relative advantage, perceived risk, and social image.
Deep Learning Based Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavity Fault Classification at Jefferson Laboratory
Authors: Vidyaratne Lasitha , Carpenter Adam , Powers Tom , Tennant Chris , Iftekharuddin Khan M. , Rahman Md Monibor , Shabalina Anna S.
Published: January 2022

This work investigates the efficacy of deep learning (DL) for classifying C100 superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavity faults in the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab. CEBAF is a large, high-power continuous wave recirculating linac that utilizes 418 SRF cavities to accelerate electrons up to 12 GeV. Recent upgrades to CEBAF include installation of 11 new cryomodules (88 cavities) equipped with a low-level RF system that records RF time-series data from each cavity at the onset of an RF failure. Typically, subject matter experts (SME) analyze this data to determine the fault type and identify the cavity of origin. This information is subsequently utilized to identify failure trends and to implement corrective measures on the offending cavity. Manual inspection of large-scale, time-series data, generated by frequent system failures is tedious and time consuming, and thereby motivates the use of machine learning (ML) to automate the task. This study extends work on a previously developed system based on traditional ML methods (Tennant and Carpenter and Powers and Shabalina Solopova and Vidyaratne and Iftekharuddin, Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams, 2020, 23, 114601), and investigates the effectiveness of deep learning approaches. The transition to a DL model is driven by the goal of developing a system with sufficiently fast inference that it could be used to predict a fault event and take actionable information before the onset (on the order of a few hundred milliseconds). Because features are learned, rather than explicitly computed, DL offers a potential advantage over traditional ML. Specifically, two seminal DL architecture types are explored: deep recurrent neural networks (RNN) and deep convolutional neural networks (CNN). We provide a detailed analysis on the performance of individual models using an RF waveform dataset built from past operational runs of CEBAF. In particular, the performance of RNN models incorporating long short-term memory (LSTM) are analyzed along with the CNN performance. Furthermore, comparing these DL models with a state-of-the-art fault ML model shows that DL architectures obtain similar performance for cavity identification, do not perform quite as well for fault classification, but provide an advantage in inference speed.
Morphological Control of Cilia-Inspired Asymmetric Movements Using Nonlinear Soft Inflatable Actuators
Authors: Milana Edoardo , Van Raemdonck Bert , Casla Andrea Serrano , De Volder Michael , Reynaerts Dominiek , Gorissen Benjamin
Published: January 2022

Soft robotic systems typically follow conventional control schemes, where actuators are supplied with dedicated inputs that are regulated through software. However, in recent years an alternative trend is being explored, where the control architecture can be simplified by harnessing the passive mechanical characteristics of the soft robotic system. This approach is named “morphological control”, and it can be used to decrease the number of components (tubing, valves and regulators) required by the controller. In this paper, we demonstrate morphological control of bio-inspired asymmetric motions for systems of soft bending actuators that are interconnected with passive flow restrictors. We introduce bending actuators consisting out of a cylindrical latex balloon in a flexible PVC shell. By tuning the radii of the tube and the shell, we obtain a nonlinear relation between internal pressure and volume in the actuator with a peak and valley in pressure. Because of the nonlinear characteristics of the actuators, they can be assembled in a system with a single pressure input where they bend in a discrete, preprogrammed sequence. We design and analyze two such systems inspired by the asymmetric movements of biological cilia. The first replicates the swept area of individual cilia, having a different forward and backward stroke, and the second generates a travelling wave across an array of cilia.
Undulatory Swimming Performance Explored With a Biorobotic Fish and Measured by Soft Sensors and Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Schwab Fabian , Wiesemüller Fabian , Mucignat Claudio , Park Yong-Lae , Lunati Ivan , Kovac Mirko , Jusufi Ardian
Published: January 2022

Due to the difficulty of manipulating muscle activation in live, freely swimming fish, a thorough examination of the body kinematics, propulsive performance, and muscle activity patterns in fish during undulatory swimming motion has not been conducted. We propose to use soft robotic model animals as experimental platforms to address biomechanics questions and acquire understanding into subcarangiform fish swimming behavior. We extend previous research on a bio-inspired soft robotic fish equipped with two pneumatic actuators and soft strain sensors to investigate swimming performance in undulation frequencies between 0.3 and 0.7 Hz and flow rates ranging from 0 to 20 cms in a recirculating flow tank. We demonstrate the potential of eutectic gallium–indium (eGaIn) sensors to measure the lateral deflection of a robotic fish in real time, a controller that is able to keep a constant undulatory amplitude in varying flow conditions, as well as using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to characterizing swimming performance across a range of flow speeds and give a qualitative measurement of thrust force exerted by the physical platform without the need of externally attached force sensors. A detailed wake structure was then analyzed with Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) to highlight different wave modes present in the robot’s swimming motion and provide insights into the efficiency of the robotic swimmer. In the future, we anticipate 3D-PIV with DMD serving as a global framework for comparing the performance of diverse bio-inspired swimming robots against a variety of swimming animals.
Genetic Regulation of Transcription in the Endometrium in Health and Disease
Authors: Mortlock Sally , McKinnon Brett , Montgomery Grant W.
Published: January 2022

The endometrium is a complex and dynamic tissue essential for fertility and implicated in many reproductive disorders. The tissue consists of glandular epithelium and vascularised stroma and is unique because it is constantly shed and regrown with each menstrual cycle, generating up to 10 mm of new mucosa. Consequently, there are marked changes in cell composition and gene expression across the menstrual cycle. Recent evidence shows expression of many genes is influenced by genetic variation between individuals. We and others have reported evidence for genetic effects on hundreds of genes in endometrium. The genetic factors influencing endometrial gene expression are highly correlated with the genetic effects on expression in other reproductive (e.g., in uterus and ovary) and digestive tissues (e.g., salivary gland and stomach), supporting a shared genetic regulation of gene expression in biologically similar tissues. There is also increasing evidence for cell specific genetic effects for some genes. Sample size for studies in endometrium are modest and results from the larger studies of gene expression in blood report genetic effects for a much higher proportion of genes than currently reported for endometrium. There is also emerging evidence for the importance of genetic variation on RNA splicing. Gene mapping studies for common disease, including diseases associated with endometrium, show most variation maps to intergenic regulatory regions. It is likely that genetic risk factors for disease function through modifying the program of cell specific gene expression. The emerging evidence from our gene mapping studies coupled with tissue specific studies, and the GTEx, eQTLGen and EpiMap projects, show we need to expand our understanding of the complex regulation of gene expression. These data also help to link disease genetic risk factors to specific target genes. Combining our data on genetic regulation of gene expression in endometrium, and cell types within the endometrium with gene mapping data for endometriosis and related diseases is beginning to uncover the specific genes and pathways responsible for increased risk of these diseases.
Realistic Motion Avatars are the Future for Social Interaction in Virtual Reality
Authors: Rogers Shane L. , Broadbent Rebecca , Brown Jemma , Fraser Alan , Speelman Craig P.
Published: January 2022

This study evaluated participant self-reported appraisal of social interactions with another person in virtual reality (VR) where their conversational partner was represented by a realistic motion avatar. We use the term realistic motion avatar because: 1. The avatar was modelled to look like the conversational partner it represented, and 2. Full face and body motion capture was utilised so that the avatar mimicked the facial and body language of the conversational partner in real-time. We compared social interaction in VR with face-to-face interaction across two communicative contexts: 1. Getting acquainted conversation, and 2. A structured interview where the participant engaged in self-disclosure about positive and negative experiences. Overall, participants largely indicated they preferred face-to-face over VR communication. However, some participants did indicate a preference for VR communication. Additionally, an analysis of post-conversation ratings indicated no significant difference for rated enjoyment, understanding, self-disclosure, comfort, and awkwardness between communication modes. The only ratings where face-to-face was found to be superior was for perceived closeness across both types of communication, and for feeling understood specifically when disclosing negative experiences. Most participants perceived frequent eye contact in both face-to-face and VR interaction, but typically more eye contact when face-to-face. Eye contact was positively associated with rated enjoyment, closeness, and comfort. Overall, our findings suggest that harnessing full face and body motion capture can make social interaction in VR very similar to face-to-face interaction. We anticipate that VR social interaction is poised to become the next major technological evolution for human computer mediated communication and suggest avenues for further research.
Migrants’ Social Integration and Its Relevance for National Identification: An Empirical Comparison Across Three Social Spheres
Authors: Becker Charlotte Clara
Published: January 2022

A key element of migrants’ well-being is their emotional integration, that is, the extent to which they perceive themselves as members of society and their identification with the country they are living in. To foster this sense of belonging, many integration programs aim to increase the migrants’ social integration, for example, by organizing events for migrants to meet natives in various settings. The validity of this strategy is supported by decades of international research. It remains unclear, however, which aspects of social integration are most relevant for national identification. Multiple theories concerned with contact and group identification support the assumption that contact to natives should foster a sense of belonging and national identification. However, for a contact situation to bear this potential, a certain set of criteria, including aspects like direct personal contact, a similar social status, and the presence of egalitarian norms, needs to be fulfilled. It is expected that these characteristics are more likely to be fulfilled within family and friendship settings than in contact situations within the employment context. Hence, I expect contact to natives within the network of friends and family to be more greatly associated with migrants’ national identification. I analyzed data from a 2013 cooperation between the Institute for Employment Research (IAB) and the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), that is, the IAB-SOEP Migration Sample, as well as the 2014 wave of the SOEP. The subsample used included 2,780 first- and second-generation migrants living in Germany. The results indicate that not all kinds of contact are equally linked to national identification. In contrast to expectations, in neither the cross-sectional models nor the lagged models was living together with native family members significantly linked to national identification. Similarly, the association between having predominantly native co-workers and national identification was insignificant when controlling for migrant-specific characteristics. Only the relation with having predominantly native friends was significant and positive across all models. This as well as a comparison of the associations lead to the conclusion that when it comes to migrants’ national identification native friends might be the most relevant form of contact to natives.
HIV Vulnerability Among Survival Sex Workers Through Sexual Violence and Drug Taking in a Qualitative Study From Victoria, Canada, With Additional Implications for Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for Sex Workers
Authors: Benner Bryan Eric
Published: January 2022

Objective: This qualitative study investigates how social and structural forces mediate vulnerability to HIV infection and transmission among survival sex workers, their clients, and their non-commercial, intimate partners—with especial focus on sexual violence and drug taking.

Method: I employed an adapted grounded theory approach to conducting and analyzing (n = 9) open-ended, in-depth interviews with a convenience sample of currently working (and recently exited) survival sex workers from a community setting in Victoria, Canada.

Findings: Participants revealed important contexts and conditions under which they were vulnerable to HIV infection. At the behavioural level, participants were aware of how HIV could be transmitted (condomless sex and sharing drug equipment), yet participants voiced strongly how structural and systemic features (for instance, client violence, the need for drugs, and “bad date” referrals) could squeeze and constrain their agency to take up safer practices, mediating their optimal HIV health and safety. Some participants reported strained relationships with police because of previous drug involvement.

Conclusion: Survival sex workers constitute a health population vulnerable to HIV infection, and ensuring there could be a supportive (outreach) community replete with HIV resources is paramount. The availability of safer sex and drug equipment play important roles in HIV behavioural prevention efforts. However, uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) at no cost in the Canadian province of British Columbia could be an important and beneficial structural intervention for non-injection drug taking cis-female sex workers in this study who are presently ineligible for no cost PrEP.
High Accuracy Molecular Line Lists for Studies of Exoplanets and Other Hot Atmospheres
Authors: Tennyson Jonathan , Yurchenko Sergey N.
Published: January 2022

The desire to characterize and model the atmospheres of the many extrasolar planets that have been discovered over the last three decades is a major driver of current astronomy. However, this goal is impacted by the lack of spectroscopic data on the molecules in question. As most atmospheres that can be studied are hot, some surprisingly so, this activity requires spectroscopic information not readily available from laboratory studies. This article will review the current status of available molecular spectroscopic data, usually presented as line lists, for studies of exoplanet atmospheres and, indeed, the atmospheres of other astronomical objects hotter than the Earth such as brown dwarfs, cool stars and even sunspots. Analysis of exoplanet transit spectra and the calculation of the relevant opacities often require huge datasets comprising billions of individual spectroscopic transitions. Conversely, the newly-developed high-resolution Doppler-shift spectroscopy technique has proved to be a powerful tool for detecting molecular species in exoplanet atmospheres, but relies on the use of smaller, highly accurate line lists. Methods of resolving issues arising from the competing demands of completeness versus accuracy for line lists are discussed.
Assessing Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity in Older Adults: Validity of a Commercial Activity Tracker
Authors: Briggs Brandon C. , Hall Katherine S. , Jain Chani , Macrea Madalina , Morey Miriam C. , Oursler Krisann K.
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Despite the potential for commercial activity devices to promote moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), limited information is available in older adults, a high-priority target population with unique gait dynamics and energy expenditure. The study purpose was to investigate the content validity of the Garmin Vivosmart HR device for step counts and MVPA in adults ≥65 years of age in free-living conditions.

Methods: Thirty-five participants (M age= 73.7 (6.3) years) wore Garmin and ActiGraph GT3X+ devices for a minimum of 2 days. Accuracy and intra-person reliability were tested against a hip worn ActiGraph device. Separate analyses were conducted using different accelerometer cut-off values to define MVPA, a population-based threshold (≥2,020 counts/minute) and a recommended threshold for older adults (≥1,013 counts/minute).

Results: Overall, the Garmin device overestimated MVPA compared with the hip-worn ActiGraph. However, the difference was small using the lower, age-specific, MVPA cut-off value [median (IQR) daily minutes; 50(85) vs. 32(49), p = 0.35] in contrast to the normative standard (50(85) vs. 7(24), p < 0.001). Regardless of the MVPA cut-off, intraclass correlation showed poor reliability [ICC (95% CI); 0.16(-0.40, 0.55) to 0.35(−0.32, 0.7)] which was supported by Bland-Altman plots. Garmin step count was both accurate (M step difference: 178.0, p = 0.22) and reliable [ICC (95% CI; 0.94) (0.88, 0.97)].

Conclusion: Results support the accuracy of a commercial activity device to measure MVPA in older adults but further research in diverse patient populations is needed to determine clinical utility and reliability over time.
Ecolabeling to Improve Product Quality and Reduce Environmental Impact: A Choice Experiment With Vegetable Farmers in Thailand
Authors: Praneetvatakul Suwanna , Vijitsrikamol Kampanat , Schreinemachers Pepijn
Published: January 2022

The overuse of agricultural pesticides creates high costs to ecosystems and human health. One important reason for overuse is that markets in lower-income countries do not sufficiently differentiate agricultural produce based on quality aspects, making it difficult for consumers to select safe produce. Ecolabeling is a voluntary method of certification to gain consumer trust by differentiating produce based on environmental impact. Most studies have looked at consumer preferences for ecolabels, but the preferences of producers to adopt such labels have received much less attention. This paper aims to explore farmers' choice preference for ecolabels, safe pest management methods, human health, and the environment using a choice experiment. We sampled 303 vegetable farmers from three peri-urban provinces of Bangkok, Thailand, namely Ratchaburi, Nakhon Pathom and Pathum Thani provinces. Attributes of pest management methods and outcomes included farm ecosystems, human health, ecolabels, market opportunities, training in integrated pest management, and additional farm cost. A mixed logit model was employed to quantify the effect of each attribute on farmers' preference and marginal willingness to pay for each attribute. The data show high levels of pesticide use in vegetable production as farmers try to protect their investment from a wide range of pests and diseases. Alternative control methods are not widely available and are used in an ad-hoc manner to complement pesticides rather than substitute them. Farmers' willingness to pay for an ecolabel was 222 US$/ha/crop. However, ecolabeling had a lower priority than most other attributes. We conclude that there is a need to promote alternative pest management practices alongside ecolabels to reduce the environmental impact of vegetable farming in peri-urban areas in Thailand.
HTLV-1's Foxy Strategy for Survival and Transmission
Authors: Higuchi Yusuke , Yasunaga Jun-ichirou , Matsuoka Masao
Published: January 2022

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) and inflammatory diseases including HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). A remarkable feature of HTLV-1 is that this virus transmits primarily through cell-to-cell contact. HTLV-1 increases the number of infected cells in vivo to ensure its survival and transmission. Therefore, survival of HTLV-1-infected cells in vivo is very critical for transmission under the host immune surveillance. HTLV-1 possesses multiple strategies to evade host immune responses. Among viral genes, Tax and HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) play crucial roles in the proliferation of infected cells and the subsequent development of ATL. Although Tax strongly activates the NF-kB pathway, the immunogenicity of Tax is very high; it is a major target of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Therefore, the virus minimizes Tax production, expressing it only intermittently in vivo. On the other hand, the immunogenicity of HBZ is low, and its expression is maintained in all ATL cases. HBZ transforms the immunophenotype of infected cells into regulatory T cell-like (CD4+ CD25+ CCR4+ TIGIT+ Foxp3+), and promotes the production of immunosuppressive cytokines. Furthermore, HBZ mRNA not only encodes the protein but also functions itself like long non-coding RNA. As a result, Tax and HBZ enable long-term escape from host immunity, persistent infection, and proliferation of infected cells. Here, we review the viral strategies to counteract to host immune surveillance system.
DIÁLOGO ENTRE O DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL DE PRIVACIDADE E A NOVA LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS
Authors: Carneiro Beatriz Orsini
Published: January 2022

A Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados adentrou nosso ordenamento jurídico recentemente, seu texto é dotado de novos conceitos, princípios e relações exemplificativas, principalmente no que consiste a noção de tratamento de dados. Precisamente por trabalhar com conceitos como dados pessoais e dados pessoais sensíveis, surge a problemática de como será resguardado o direito à privacidade de todos nós, usuários dos produtos e serviços digitais, titulares dos dados, por esse motivo, analisou-se nesse artigo o direito fundamental a privacidade do ponto de vista doutrinário e legislativo, comunicando-os com a LGPD. Como produto da pesquisa, foi possível compreender sobre como a privacidade é abordada na LGPD, entendendo sucintamente a definição de privacidade desde a concepção e privacidade por padrão, derivadas da norma europeia que serviu de base para nossa lei atual, do mesmo modo buscou-se demonstrar quais os cuidados anexados na Lei de Proteção de Dados relativo ao tratamento de dados pessoais e dados pessoais sensíveis
MELHORES NORMATIVAS SETORIAIS AMBIENTAIS: CONCESSIONÁRIAS DE RODOVIAS VIABAHIA E BAHIANORTE
Authors: França Noemi Lemos
Published: January 2022

Este artigo propõe-se a descrever a existência de ações ou programas ambientais voluntários nas concessionárias de rodovias VIABAHIA e BAHIANORTE e explorar as melhores práticas de iniciativas normativas setoriais. Como problema de pesquisa científica tem-se: as diversas estratégias ambientais adotadas pelas concessionárias de rodovias para além das obrigações legais estabelecidas são relevantes para o desenvolvimento ambientalmente sustentável? Como hipótese, propõe-se que a partir dessas ações ou programas, ou sua insuficiência, é possível explorar as diretrizes de iniciativas normativas setoriais das concessões de rodovias. Dentre os resultados alcançados, tem-se como ensaio o elenco de diretrizes de iniciativas normativas setoriais em concessões de rodovias relevantes para o desenvolvimento ambientalmente sustentável. A pesquisa tem como objetivo geral a contribuição na ampliação da discussão sobre ações sustentáveis com resultados em concessões de rodovias; e como objetivo específico a otimização do processo de tomada de decisão na gestão privada. O artigo ainda apresenta justificativa, metodologia e referencial teórico.
O PANORAMA DA COOPERAÇÃO NO REGIME INTERNACIONAL DOS REFUGIADOS DURANTE A PANDEMIA POR COVID-19: FOEDUS PACIFICUM, DIÁLOGO E INTERESSES
Authors: Lapa Rosilandy Carina Cândido , Silva Heloize Melo da
Published: January 2022

A cooperação não figura no Direito Internacional como ato compulsório. Entretanto, ela ocorre de acordo à convergência de interesses dos Estados para resolver questões específicas. Kant e Habermas fomentaram discussões acerca dos entraves para o alcance da foedus pacificum, estudadas neste artigo com o objetivo de aproximá-las do cenário das migrações forçadas no âmbito da pandemia por Covid-19. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, composto por meio de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica. Conclui-se que os Estados analisados violaram princípios e normas do Direito Internacional ao fecharem as fronteiras, criminalizar atividades humanitárias e deportar sumariamente solicitantes de refúgio sem o devido processo legal.
MEDIAÇÃO NOS CONFLITOS FAMILIARES: MAIOR SATISFAÇÃO DAS PARTES E EFETIVIDADE NA RESOLUÇÃO DOS CONFLITOS.
Authors: Cristo Mayara Barros , Guimarães Anderson Santiago , Guimarães Giane Daniela Pereira Wink
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo aborda a mediação como forma adequada na resolução de conflitos, especialmente no âmbito familiar, em que se busca a preservação ou restabelecimento dos vínculos da relação de forma duradoura. O objetivo geral deste trabalho tem o cunho de esclarecer sobre os benefícios da mediação no campo do direito de família, demonstrando, por meio de um estudo criterioso, ser essa uma alternativa eficaz e adequada na solução dos conflitos familiares, quando comparada aos meios tradicionais de resolução dos litígios, que, devido à cultura da judicialização das demandas, tornou-se lenta e ineficiente. Os objetivos específicos desta pesquisa foram: evidenciar os benefícios da mediação nos conflitos familiares; enfatizar a importância da qualificação de mediadores para a eficácia da mediação; demonstrar as vantagens da mediação para o desafogamento do judiciário. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa e bibliográfica, onde foi possível concluir que a mediação no âmbito familiar, através do restabelecimento do diálogo, tem o poder de transformar os conflitos através da construção de uma solução equilibrada, trazendo assim maior satisfação e eficácia.
Respons Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Unggul Baru Padi Sawah dengan Jarak Tanam yang Berbeda melalui Pendekatan Teknologi Jajar Legowo Super
Authors: Yahumri Yahumri , Yartiwi Yartiwi , Damiri Ahmad , Hartono Rudi
Published: January 2022

Teknologi jajar legowo super merupakan integrasi berbagai teknologi yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas komoditas padi. Komponen teknologi jarwo super terdiri dari budidaya jajar legowo, pemanfaatan alat mesin pertanian, benih unggul, pemupukan dengan dosis optimal menggunakan Perangkat Uji Tanah Sawah, pemanfaatan dekomposer M-Dec dalam pengelolaan limbah jerami, pemanfaatan pupuk hayati Agrimeth dalam seed treatment dan biopestisida untuk pengendalian organisme pengganggu tanaman. Tujuan pengkajian untuk membandingkan respons pertumbuhan dan daya hasil beberapa varietas unggul baru padi sawah pada sistem tanam jajar legowo 2:1 dengan jarak tanam yang berbeda melalui pendekatan paket teknologi budidaya jajar legowo super. Pengkajian dilakukan pada bulan Juli–Oktober tahun 2016 di Desa Tanjung Besar, Kecamatan Kedurang, Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan, Provinsi Bengkulu, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial. Faktor pertama Jarak Tanam (j) sebanyak 2 taraf dan faktor kedua penggunaan varietas unggul baru padi sawah (v) sebanyak 4 taraf. Masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 6 kali. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa varietas Inpari 10 dan Inpari 30 memberikan respons terbaik dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan hasil yang ditanam dengan sistem tanam jajar legowo yaitu jarak tanam [(20x10) x40 cm] dengan jumlah anakan produktif masing-masing 17 dan 15 batang/rumpun, dan produktivitas gabah kering panen 7,57 ton/ha dan 7,20 ton/ha.
Pengaruh Heat Moisture Treatment terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia Tepung Beras Merah Termodifikasi
Authors: Syafutri Merynda Indriyani
Published: January 2022

Karakteristik tepung beras merah dapat diperbaiki dengan melakukan modifikasi. Heat moisture treatment (HMT) merupakan metode modifikasi fisik. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi karakteristik tepung termodifikasi HMT adalah suhu, kadar air, dan lama proses. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh suhu dan kadar air terhadap sifat fisikokimia tepung beras merah termodifikasi HMT. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu suhu HMT (100oC, 110oC, 120oC) dan kadar air HMT (20 persen, 25 persen, 30 persen). Parameter yang diamati yaitu sifat fisik (warna, swelling power, kelarutan, pola kristalinitas, dan morfologi granula), serta kimia (kadar air dan kadar amilosa). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan suhu HMT berpengaruh nyata menurunkan kadar air, tetapi meningkatkan kelarutan dan kadar amilosa. Peningkatan kadar air HMT secara nyata menurunkan nilai lightness, tetapi meningkatkan nilai redness, kadar air, dan amilosa. Tepung beras merah termodifikasi memiliki nilai lightness 72,62–76,27 persen, redness 5,58–6,47, yellowness 9,75-10,61, swelling power 17,41–20,82 persen, dan kelarutan 5,64–10,54 persen. Kadar air tepung beras merah termodifikasi (4,77–10,70 persen) lebih rendah dari tepung beras merah alami (11,17 persen), sedangkan kadar amilosa tepung beras merah termodifikasi (26,04–31,99 persen) lebih tinggi dari tepung beras merah alami (11,27 persen). HMT tidak mengubah kristalinitas (tipe A) dan bentuk granula pati, tetapi menyebabkan sedikit perubahan pada bagian permukaan granula pati.
Política, género y formación: las críticas al normalismo en su período de expansión (1884-1920)
Authors: Fiorucci Flavia
Published: January 2022

El trabajo recorta y analiza una serie de discursos y debates que se dieron sobre el normalismo en el período 1884 a 1920. En esos años las escuelas normales se multiplicaron por todo el territorio nacional y esto dio lugar a que distintos actores cuestionaran las características que estas estaban asumiendo. El artículo se concentra en los discursos de intelectuales y funcionarios ligados a la gestión educativa y se propone mostrar que la figura de la maestra y el maestro normal se construyó en la Argentina como ocupación profesional en el telón de fondo de una serie de discursos sumamente críticos que impugnaban el mecanismo que se utilizaba para formar al magisterio. El texto se focaliza sobre tres aspectos de las criticas que se hacían a las escuelas normales: la influencia de la política, la formación impartida y el perfil femenino que adoptaba tanto la población de las escuelas normales como el magisterio en ejercicio. A través del análisis de estas tres criticas el trabajo pretende contribuir a un entendimiento de las representaciones que se fueron tejiendo en torno a la figura de la maestra y el maestro de escuela.
Autoritarismo y entretenimiento en los orígenes de la estatización de la televisión en Argentina: el Canal 7 de Buenos Aires durante la presidencia de Onganía
Authors: Ramírez Llorens Fernando
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del trabajo es comprender cómo la política de medios oficiales del gobierno de Onganía previa al Cordobazo implicó un primer y contundente intento de frenar la expansión de la televisión privada y el comienzo de una tendencia estatizante. El artículo aborda, por un lado, las transformaciones en la estructura estatal de medios y las consiguientes decisiones administrativas que impactaron en la señal televisiva estatal; y por otro lado la grilla de programación, que permite realizar inferencias tanto respecto a los usos sociales definidos para la señal estatal, como a los vínculos establecidos con distintos actores para el logro de esos usos. El trabajo ofrece una mirada novedosa respecto a la política cultural de Onganía, al hacer evidente el marcado interés del gobierno hacia las posibilidades que ofrecía la televisión para la mediatización de lo político. La hipótesis del artículo es que la expansión de la presencia estatal en la televisión exigió tener en cuenta un campo ya consolidado respecto a sus reglas, actores y posiciones. Así, el resultado fue una experiencia compleja, disputada por diferentes grupos al interior del Estado y con importantes conflictos y articulaciones con el empresariado, que intentó conjugar dominación política autoritaria, jerárquica y paternalista con entretenimiento masivo.
Preguntas a Hilda Sabato
Authors: Serrano Sol
Published: January 2022

El ensayo analiza el último libro de Hilda Sabato y plantea dos grandes interrogantes. El primero apunta a desentrañar el motivo por el cual las independencias hispanoamericanas no han formado parte de la gran narrativa sobre las revoluciones democráticas del Atlántico Norte. ¿Esta situación se vincula con las hegemonías de la producción historiográfica internacional? El segundo se refiere a su propia experiencia en la formación de redes, circulaciones y prácticas de la disciplina histórica en la renovación teórica y metodológica de la historia política, que permitió incluir las Independencias como parte del amplio fenómeno de la política moderna.
En torno de Repúblicas del Nuevo Mundo. El experimento político latinoamericano del siglo XIX de Hilda Sabato
Authors: Roldán Darío
Published: January 2022

El texto pone el énfasis en una serie de novedades respecto de las características generales del libro: por un lado, su versatilidad de lecturas posibles; su impecable estructura, que pivotea sobre una cuestión central como es el problema de la soberanía; la rareza de la asumir la autonomía política en un libro de historia política sin desviarse de esa decisión. La relevancia del libro no se agota en esas precisiones: por otro lado, se llama la atención sobre la importante contribución para pensar una historia comparada entre la experiencia republicana en latinomamérica y la diversa experiencia europea; por el otro, también se interroga sobre el vínculo que el libro sugiere entre el fin del experimento republicano y una concepción de la democracia.
Determinação da taxa de câmbio no brasil no período de 1995 a 2019: junção do lado financeiro e real da economia / Determination of the exchange rate in brazil in the period from 1995 to 2019: junction of the financial and real side of the economy
Authors: Maruxo Victor Dias , Basso Leonardo Fernando Cruz , Hadad júnior Eli
Published: January 2022

Este artigo buscou analisar três teorias, uma do lado real, a outra do financeiro e uma terceira que juntando as duas primeiras pode fornecer um maior poder explicativo sobre o comportamento do câmbio no Brasil. Para avaliar esta hipótese foram usados testes econométricos para avaliar a veracidade da hipótese, no processo foram usados testes de Johansen, uso de escolha de defasagens, uso de outras estatísticas para avaliar os resultados obtidos. Conforme será visto, as regressões indicaram que a junção entre a paridade de poder de compra e paridade descoberta de juros não explica o comportamento do câmbio no país durante o período analisado.
Síndromes post gastrectomía
Authors: Quiros Portuguez Pedro Ignacio , Calderón Vega Irina , Vargas Mena Rodolfo
Published: January 2022

Los síndromes post gastrectomías se describen como complicaciones posoperatorias tardías, donde una de la causa más común es la cirugía bariátrica, ya que en la actualidad es un procedimiento frecuente.  La cirugía gástrica modifica la anatomía y la fisiología gástrica y esto incide en el desarrollo de estas entidades. El síndrome de dumping y la gastritis por reflujo alcalino se describen como las más frecuentes, mientras que el desarrollo del síndrome de asa aferente no es tan frecuente en la actualidad. El síndrome dumping se le denomina también síndrome de vaciamiento gástrico, los síntomas que presentan se dividen en tempranos que son gastrointestinales y vasomotores, y los tardíos donde resalta el desarrollo de una hipoglicemia tardía como respuesta a un hiperinsulinismo. Por otro lado, tenemos el síndrome de asa aferente, que es un proceso meramente mecánico debido a un asa aferente excesivamente larga, donde los síntomas que refieren estos pacientes es dolor abdominal posprandial, calambres y vómitos no alimentarios que alivian por completo el dolor. Y la gastritis por reflujo alcalino se debe a la exposición crónica del remanente gástrico a las sustancias biliosas y pancreáticas que inducen dolor abdominal postprandial ardoroso, asociado a nausea y vómitos biliares sin contenido alimentario que alivia parcialmente el dolor abdominal. La identificación de estos síndromes es importante ya que deterioran la calidad de vida de los pacientes y requieren un manejo adecuado por parte de los médicos.
Hemocultivos: Uso e Indicaciones.
Authors: Solano Rojas Felipe Andrés , Valverde Solano María Fernanda , Oviedo Pérez Kevin Josué , Quesada Pacheco Alberto , Gutiérrez Méndez Carolina
Published: January 2022

La bacteriemia se ha asociado a una mortalidad considerable en el paciente hospitalizado, por lo que se han desarrollado reglas de decisión clínica para calcular la probabilidad pre-test de tener una bacteriemia; estas no se usan con frecuencia en la práctica clínica y datos clínicos aislados como la fiebre, leucocitosis, taquicardia o aumento de marcadores inflamatorios no son útiles. Los hemocultivos son un arma de doble filo en el abordaje del paciente séptico, si bien su utilidad en estos pacientes está establecida, su uso irracional genera un uso inadecuado de antibióticos, un aumento en la media de estancia hospitalaria y los costos hospitalarios. La decisión para realizar la toma de hemocultivos debe ser individualizada a cada paciente, tomando en cuenta predictores de bacteriemia y calculando la probabilidad pre-test de obtener un verdadero positivo, especialmente en pacientes que ya han iniciado un esquema de antibióticos o en quienes ya se ha documentado un agente microbiológico.
Options for creating data storages in a common information space taking into account information security
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotenko I.V. , Saenko I.B. , Makukha A.A. ,   Military academy of communications named after Marshal of the Soviet Union S.M. Budenny, Biryukov M.A.
Published: January 2022

Possible options for creating data storages in a common information space are substantiated. The results of a comparative assessment of the proposed options for creating data storages are presented. They are based on considering the criteria of information security — confidentiality, integrity and availability,. Based on the results of the comparative as-sessment, a modular model for creating data storages was identified as the most preferable in a common information space.
El Yazısı Stillerinin Yazmayı Öğrenmeye Etkisi
Authors: KARATAY Halit , ÇİÇEK Seher
Published: January 2022

Bu araştırmada ilk okuma yazmada kullanılan iki farklı yazı stilinin 2. sınıf öğrencilerin yazı biçimine ve yazım hatalarına etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya veri toplamak için öğrencilere aynı metin iki farklı yazı stilinde yazdırılmıştır. Öğrencilerin iki yazı stiliyle yazdıkları metinler, yazı biçimi ve yazım hataları yönünden karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca sınıf öğretmenleri ve 5. sınıf öğrencilerinden görüş alınarak iki yazı stilinin ilk okuma yazmadaki kolaylık ve güçlükleri değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; bitişik el yazısındaki yazıların niteliği harfler ve sözcükler arasında uygun boşluk bırakma, harfleri doğru ve okunaklı yazma, yazı büyüklüğünü ayarlama, yazıyı satır ve sayfa üzerinde konumlandırmada daha başarılıdır. Ayrıca bitişik el yazısında sözcükten harf eksiltme ve sözcüğe harf ekleme, cümleye büyük harfle başlama hataları daha azdır. Buna rağmen öğrenciler; dik temel yazıda harflerin kuşaklarını koymada daha başarılıdır. Dik temel yazıda cümle içinde büyük harf kullanma hataları daha azdır. Öğrencilerin her iki yazı stilinde kalem basıncını ayarlama, satır sonunda sözcükleri doğru bölmede eşit yeterlikte olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca öğrenciler, bitişik yazsalar bile yazılarının eğik olmadığı görülmüştür. Görüşü alınan öğretmen ve öğrencilere göre ise okunaklılık ve yazma kolaylığı nedeniyle ilk okuma yazmaya dik temel yazıyla başlanmalıdır.