bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Święty Ambroży z Mediolanu, O dziewictwie, przekład i wstęp Adam Wilczyński, Źródła Monastyczne 102 (Starożytność 56), Tyniec Wydawnictwo Benedyktynów, Kraków 2023, ss. 216.
Authors: Libowski Łukasz
Published: December 2024

Recenzja ksiązki: Święty Ambroży z Mediolanu, O dziewictwie, przekład i wstęp Adam Wilczyński, Źródła Monastyczne 102 (Starożytność 56), Tyniec Wydawnictwo Benedyktynów, Kraków 2023.
Pokój wszechświata i pokój między ludźmi według "Listu do Kościoła w Koryncie" św. Klemensa Rzymskiego
Authors: Turek Waldemar Jan
Published: December 2024

Opracowanie dotyczy zagadnienia pokoju wszechświata i pokoju między ludźmi według Listu do Kościoła w Koryncie św. Klemensa Rzymskiego, zwłaszcza  jego części od rozdziału 19,2 do 23,5. Ukazany jest najpierw główny cel Listu; następnie przedstawiona jest idea pokoju stworzonego świata z odniesieniem do niektórych elementów filozofii greckiej i ich rzeczywistej obecności i roli w myśli autora Listu; z kolei przeprowadzona jest analiza argumentacji biblijnej, zasadniczej dla Biskupa Rzymu; wreszcie,  na zakończenie, zostaje podjęty temat pokoju wszechświata jako wzoru dla wspólnoty korynckiej i, w jakiejś mierze, dla wszystkich chrześcijan. Opracowanie ukazuje Autor Listu jako człowieka znającego solidnie filozofię grecką, tradycję żydowską, ale przede wszystkim doktrynę chrześcijańską. Stąd w jego argumentacji pojawiają się przede wszystkim elementy biblijne, wzięte ze Starego Testamentu, które zdecydowanie przeważają nad elementami filozofii greckiej.
„Stworzył mężczyznę i niewiastę” (Rdz 1,27). Antropologia pisarzy wczesnochrześcijańskich (Sekcja Patrystyczna, Kamień Śląski, 23‑25.09.2024)
Authors: Ludewicz Michal Jan
Published: December 2024

Tekst zawiera sprawozdanie ze zjazdu Sekcji Patrystycznej, który miał miejsce w dniach 23-25 wrzesnia 2024 w Kamieniu Śląskim
Izydor z Sewilli, Etymologie, ks. 11-20, przekład z języka łacińskiego Tatiana Krynicka, Maciej Jońca, Ewa Matczuk, Ireneusz Mikołajczyk, Wydawnictwo Marek Derewecki, Kęty 2024, ss. 560.
Authors: Budzanowska-Weglenda Dominika Łucja
Published: December 2024

Recenzja książki: Izydor z Sewilli, Etymologie, ks. 11-20, przekład z języka łacińskiego Tatiana Krynicka, Maciej Jońca, Ewa Matczuk, Ireneusz Mikołajczyk, opracowanie naukowe Tatiana Krynicka, Adam Wilczyński, konsultacja przekładu Andrzej Wiśnicki, ks. Michał Olejarczyk, Wydawnictwo Marek Derewecki, Kęty 2024, ss. 560.
Przyroda na usługach świętych na przykładzie św. Feliksa z Noli w "Natalicia" Paulina z Noli
Authors: Wysocki Marcin
Published: December 2024

Po swoim nawróceniu, co roku, na przypadającą 14 stycznia uroczystość św. Feliksa, Paulin z Noli pisał pochwalny utwór na cześć swego Patrona zwany Natalicium. W zachowanych Nataliciach (14 lub 15) ważną rolę odgrywają cuda dokonane przez Feliksa. Wiele z nich za przedmiot ma przyrodę. Celem niniejszego artykułu, poprzez analizę Natalicia, jest ukazanie w jaki sposób przyroda poddana jest cudownemu działaniu świętych na przykładzie św. Feliksa. Z przedstawienia w niniejszym artykule cudów i niezwykłych wydarzeń, które miały miejsce za życia św. Feliksa lub po jego śmierci przy jego grobie, jasno widać przede wszystkim szczególną pozycję i znaczenie dla Paulina postaci św. Feliksa, którego nazywa ojcem, opiekunem i patronem. Paulin opisuje cuda, aby pokazać wielkość św. Feliksa i szczególne jego miejsce w panteonie świętych. Paulin jednak nieustannie przypomina i o tym pamięta, że Święty jest tylko pośrednikiem, a tak naprawdę moc czynienia cudów leży w gestii Boga, który jest Panem i Stworzycielem całego stworzenia. Jeśli więc Feliks ukazany jest jako rządzący przyrodą, która wykonuje jego polecenia, czasem wbrew porządkowi i naturze, to wynika to z bliskości Feliksa Bogu. I w tym Paulin jest oryginalny, bo przyznać trzeba, że już dużo wcześniej, w poezji pogańskiej, istniała tradycja ukazywania cudów związanych ze zwierzętami. Jednak tutaj Paulin, podążając wprawdzie za literacką tradycją i językiem Wergiliusza, nadaje swój własny ton i charakter. Natalicia ukazują głębokie przekonania i wiarę Paulina i jego oddanie Feliksowi.
INVESTIGATION OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS ON THE CONCEPT OF "EDUCATION" THROUGH METAPHOR ANALYSIS
Authors: Sadık Fatma
Published: December 2024

In this study, the perceptions of pre-service teachers about the concept of “education” were tried to be determined with the help of metaphors. In this study, the “phenomenology” approach, one of the qualitative research designs, was used. The study was carried out with 354 pre-service teachers who graduated from different faculties/departments and who continued pedagogical formation education at a state university. 128 of the participants had teaching experience as they had previously worked as a paid teacher in a private institution (teaching institution, study center) or within the National Education. In the data collection process, the Written Interview Form (WIF), consisting of two parts, was used. The first part of the form consists of questions about the personal information of pre-service teachers. In the second part, the question “In my opinion, education is like … Because …” was asked to the participants, and they were asked to explain the rationales by developing a metaphor about education. In the data analysis, the content analysis technique, one of the qualitative data analysis techniques, was used, and the related literature was used to create the themes. The results of the study showed that pre-service teachers developed positive and often concrete metaphors for the concept of “education.” Metaphors developed with the inspiration by nature (water, trees, seeds, seedlings, plants, rain, sea, etc.) are mostly focused on the education developing the human beings and being a part of life, while in the metaphors related to materials (mirror, lantern, bus, candle, compass, ship, car, gold bracelet, lamp, etc.), the effects of education on the life of the individual and its power to direct are emphasized. Pre-service teachers developed a limited number of negative metaphors (skyscraper, card, factory, guard, broken wristwatch, etc.) regarding the concept of education. They explained the rationales for developing these metaphors through teaching practices based on information loading and memorization, the constant change of the education system, neglect of individual differences, and competitive exams.
Application of neutrosophic Poisson distribution series on harmonic classes of analytic functions defined by q− derivative operator and sigmoid function
Authors: Awolere Ibrahim Tunji , Oladipo Abiodun , Altınkaya Şahsene
Published: December 2024

There are several authors who have obtained various forms of properties for some subclasses of analytic univalent functions related to different distribution series, such as Binomial, Generalized Discrete Probability, Geometric, Mittag-Leffler, Pascal, and Poisson distribution series. The authors, in this paper, proved the inclusion relation of the harmonic analytic function class $H_{q}^{\alpha}(\theta, \gamma(s), \Psi)$ established by applying convolution operators regarding neutrosophic distribution series equipped with the Sigmoid function (activation function). The present results are capable of handling both accurate (determinate) data and inaccurate (indeterminate) data.
GE-filters, ordering filters and left mappings in GE-algebras
Authors: Öztürk Mehmet Ali , Bandaru Ravikumar , Jun Youngbae
Published: December 2024

The notions of ordering filter and left mapping in a GE-algebra are introduced, and their properties are investigated. Relations between ordering filters and GE-filters are established. Conditions for an ordering filter to be a GE-filter, and vice versa, are provided. The conditions under which a left mapping becomes injective or an identity are explored. The conditions under which the GE-kernel of a self-mapping will be a GE-filter are provided. It is confirmed that the sets of all left mappings form a semigroup, and that the sets of all idempotent left mappings form a subsemigroup. The conditions under which the sets of all left mappings can be closed with respect to a binary operation are investigated.
Taxonomy of cyanobacteria: the era of change
Authors: Pinevich A. V. , Averina S. G.
Published: December 2024

Until mid-1970s, cyanobacteria have been interpreted as algae despite they differed from other members of this taxonomic group by the absence of cell nucleus (that is currently considered a character of prokaryotic organization). However, when bacteria were reinterpreted as prokaryotes, blue-green algae became reattributed as cyanobacteria, and bacteriologists began to study their cultured strains with microbiology methods. But since these objects did not obey the provisions of bacteriological code (ICNB), the development of their taxonomy had certain problems, especially regarding nomenclature, that could not be solved until early-2010s. Current changes in taxonomy of cyanobacteria result from a general progress in taxonomy of prokaryotes due to the explosive accumulation of 16S rRNA gene sequencing data, particularly of uncultured objects. Advances in the description of cyanobactera are as follows: I) based on polyphasic approach, new taxa ranging from species to order were published; II) “dark” objects demonstrating several types of non-photosynthetic metabolism were described; III) the objects producing red-shifted chlorophylls d and f were published. Advances in the nomenclature of cyanobacteria are: IV) taxa validly published according to the botanical code (ICN) are also considered valid under the prokaryotic code (ICNP); V) category of phylum was introduced into ICNP, and due to valid publication of the type genus Cyanobacterium, the phylum name Cyanobacteriota became legitimate; VI) names of uncultured Candidatus objects could get standing in nomenclature based on the SeqCode in which type material is represented by genomic DNA sequences. Advances in the classification of cyanobacteria are: VII) evolutionary tree of oxygenic phototrophs and related phylotypes was construed; VIII) phylogenomic system of orders and families was elaborated; IX) ecogenomic system combining genome analysis and genome distribution data was offered. The subject for future research is a restriction of taxonomic redundancy in cyanobacteria, and further attempts to develop their species concept.
Characterization of biological activity and evaluation of exogenous metabolites of cyanobacteria “Anabaena” sp. IPPAS B-2020
Authors: Bataeva Yu. V. , Sinetova M. A. , Kurashov E. A. , Krylova J. V. , Kolombet L. V. , Grigoryan L. N.
Published: December 2024

Culture of cyanobacteria “Anabaena” sp. isolated from alluvial meadow soils in the south of Russia and deposited in the collection of cultures of microalgae and cyanobacteria IPPAS of the Institute of Plant Physiology named after. K.A. Timiryazev RAS under the number IPPAS B-2020. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the studied strain belongs to a clade that unites the genera Sphaerospermopsis, Amphiheterocytum, Raphidiopsis, Wollea and Neowollea, but cannot currently be assigned to any of them. The phytotoxicity, fungicidal and antioxidant activities of the strain were studied. The culture turned out to be non-toxic. Water-alcohol extract and biomass of “Anabaena” sp. IPPAS B-2020 had a complete suppression of micromycetes Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium sporotrichioides with a maximum diameter of the growth inhibition zone of 2.5 cm. The water extract of cyanobacteria “Anabaena” sp. had pronounced antioxidant activity. IPPAS B-2020 in the amount of 20 µl – 39.3%. As part of the metabolites of “Anabaena” sp. IPPAS B-2020 detected organic acids (citric, lactic, acetic), terpenes, alkanes, alcohols and other low molecular weight organic compounds. Culture “Anabaena” sp. IPPAS B-2020 is of interest for biotechnology as a producer of such important biologically active compounds as tributyl phosphate, D-limonene, squalene, α-pinene.
Comparative genomics of carbohydrates utilization in bacteria of the family Sphaerochaetaceae: evolutionary origin of the genes encoding galacturonidase and unsaturated rhamnogalacturonyl hydrolase
Authors: Troshina O. Yu. , Naumoff D. G. , Rechkina V. I. , Shcherbakova V. A.
Published: December 2024

A comparative analysis of carbohydrate degradation proteins encoded in currently available genomic sequences of bacteria of the family Sphaerochaetaceae, namely Sphaerochaeta associata GLS2T, S. globosa BuddyT, S. pleomorpha GrapesT, S. halotolerans 4-11T, S. halotolerans 585, Sphaerochaeta sp. S2, Sphaerochaeta sp. PS and Parasphaerochaeta coccoides SPN1T was carried out. The genomes of Sphaerochaeta spp. encode a medium-sized and diverse set of proteins potentially involved in the degradation of different classes of carbohydrates, mainly oligosaccharides. All studied genomes encode glycoside hydrolases of the GH1, GH2, GH3, GH4, GH13, GH20, GH28, GH36, GH43, GH57, GH63, GH77 and GH105 families, as well as carbohydrate esterases of the CE8 and CE9 families. All studied bacteria, with the exception of P. coccoides SPN1T, have many proteins of the GH31 family encoded in their genomes. The studied representatives of Sphaerochaetaceae do not have genes coding for endo-β-acetylmuramidase (lysozyme) of the GH23 family involved in the process of peptidoglycan turnover. However, the genomes of S. associata, S. globosa, Sphaerochaeta sp. PS and S. pleomorpha contain the exo-β-acetylmuramidase gene (GH171 family). A significant part of the genes encoding carbohydrate degradation enzymes have the closest homologues among representatives of the phyla Bacillota, Bacteroidota, and Pseudomonadota. The genomes of the studied bacteria encode proteins that could potentially be involved in the degradation of pectin. The ability of representatives of Sphaerochaetaceae to use pectin for growth, as well as the evolutionary origin of genes encoding potential α-galacturonidase (GH4 family) and unsaturated glucuronyl/rhamnogalacturonyl hydrolase (GH105 family), involved in the degradation of pectin components, were studied.
Anaerobic oxidation of oil by microbial communities of bottom sediments of a natural oil seepage site (Bolshaya Zelenovskaya, Middle Baikal)
Authors: Pavlova O. N. , Bukin S. V. , Izosimova O. N. , Chernitsyna S. M. , Ivanov V. G. , Khabuev A. V. , Pogodaeva T. V. , Elovskaya I. S. , Gorshkov A. G. , Zemskaya T. I.
Published: December 2024

The diversity of microbial communities and potential functional activity in anaerobic processes of oil degradation of bottom sediments was determined in the area of the Bolshaya Zelenovskaya oil seepage site (lake Baikal). When microorganisms of subsurface and deep sediment were cultivated in enrichment cultures containing oil and various electron acceptors for one year at 10ºC, the concentration of n-alkanes decreased by 1.2–2 times, and PAHs by 2.2–2.8 times. The conversion of hydrocarbons was accompanied by the generation of hydrocarbon gases (methane, ethane). The microbial community of the subsurface sediment was characterized by greater bacterial diversity than that of the deep sediment and was represented by microorganisms specialized in the decomposition of a wide range of substrates, including petroleum hydrocarbons. The deep layers of sediment were dominated by Atribacterota, Caldisericota and Bathyarchaeia (Thermoproteota), as well as representatives of the “rare biosphere” Elusimicrobiota and Candidatus Hadarchaeota. Among the main participants in the degradation of oil in bottom sediments of the lake. Representatives of the phyla Bacillota, Pseudomonadota, Chloroflexota, Actinomycetota, Desulfobacterota, Atribacterota, Halobacteriota and Bathyarchaeia (Thermoproteota) can be classified as Baikal.
Degradation of cinnamic acid by the rhizosphere strain Achromobacter insolitus LCu2
Authors: Kryuchkova E. V. , Morozova E. S. , Grinev V. S. , Burygin G. L. , Gogoleva N. E. , Gogolev Yu. V.
Published: December 2024

The Achromobacter insolitus LCu2 strain, isolated from the roots of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), utilized cinnamic acid, as well as its methoxy derivatives ‒ vanillic and ferulic acids ‒ as the only carbon source. Weak growth was observed on m-coumaric acid, but not on o- and p-coumaric acids. Growth on cinnamic acid was slow and diauxic. The loss of substrate from the cultivation medium was 53%, the destructive efficiency was 30 μg/mg of raw biomass for 14 days. Despite the bactericidal effect of cinnamic acid, the A. insolitus LCu2 culture remained viable for a long time. Genomic analysis revealed two gene clusters, hca and mhp, responsible for dihydroxylation of the phenyl ring (hcaA1A2CDB) and its subsequent cleavage to central metabolic products (mhpACDE), as well as a transcriptional regulator (hcaR) and a putative transporter (hcaT). A putative biochemical pathway for cinnamic acid degradation by A. insolitus strain LCu2 was predicted using genomic data.
Structural and functional characteristics of the microbial community emerging upon its contact with extruded polystyrene waste
Authors: Shirinkina L. I. , Taktarova Y. V. , Gladchenko M. A. , Merkel A. Y. , Kotova I. B.
Published: December 2024

Increasing plastic pollution is a serious environmental problem as widespread production and inadequate disposal of plastic materials lead to adverse impacts on ecosystems. The research investigated the structural and functional features of the anaerobic microbial community in contact with waste from extruded polystyrene (XPS) under methanogenic (MG), nitrate-(NR) and sulfate-reducing (SR) conditions. It has been shown that the presence of XPS in the microbial community does not have a negative effect on the processes of biogas formation, but, on the contrary, leads to an increase in the yield of methane and volatile fatty acids and a change in their ratio. Microparticles of different sizes were found in the culture fluid of variants with XPS: in NR conditions ‒ 2.4 × 106/ml, in SR conditions ‒ 1.2 × 106/ml and in MG conditions ‒ 0.4 × 106/ml, while in control variants microparticles was not found. Using scanning electron microscopy, it was revealed that in all experimental variants the surface of the polymer became looser, more textured, and irregularities, cracks and holes appeared. Increased diversity in the microbial community, associated with an increase in the number of microbial morphotypes, correlates with the results of high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. When XPS was introduced into an anaerobic community incubated in different donor-acceptor conditions, the number of groups of microorganisms included in it increased and the proportion of representatives of hydrolytic and acidogenic bacteria (Sedimentibacter, Lentimicrobium), acetogenic syntrophs (Syntrophomonas, Desulfovibrio, Geobacter) and methanogenic archaea (Methanosarcina, Methanobacterium) increased. Our study shows that waste from XPS is not inert for the microbial community and contact with it leads to significant changes in its structure and functioning. However, since the experiments were carried out using household XPS containing various fillers in addition to the main polymer, there is a possibility that, along with polystyrene, additional substances included in its composition (plasticizers, dyes, etc.) are also subject to degradation. The ability of microorganisms to destroy the polymer itself requires further research.
Patterns of biofilm formation by members of Listeria, Salmonella, and Pseudomonas at various temperatures and the role of their synergistic interactions in the formation of biofilm communities
Authors: Yushina Yu. K. , Zaiko E. V. , Grudistova M. A. , Semenova A. A. , Makhova A. A. , Bataeva D. S. , Demkina E. V. , Nikolaev Yu. A.
Published: December 2024

Biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces in the food sector is a major public health concern. In fact, biofilms represent a constant source of pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella sp. The ability for the formation of multispecies biofilms by pathogens and spoilage microorganisms poses a serious danger in the production of safe products and is one of the reasons for the stable circulation of microorganisms in meat processing plants. During the work, 46 strains of microorganisms isolated from industrial environments and food products were tested for the ability to form biofilms at different temperatures. The analyzed pathogenic strains (Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella sp.) and spoilage microorganisms (Pseudomonas sp.) had adhesion to the abiotic surface with subsequent formation of a persistent biofilm. Low positive temperature was not a limiting factor in the ability to form biofilms. After 24 hours of incubation, representatives of bacteria of the genera Listeria and Salmonella sp. formed persistent biofilms at (4°C). The ability to form biofilms on various abiotic surfaces found in the meat industry (tiles, glass, plastic) has been demonstrated. The synergistic interaction of representatives of the genera Listeria, Salmonella and Pseudomonas during the formation of mixed biofilms at 4°C was studied. Combinations of a pathogen and a member of the genus Pseudomonas differed significantly in the intensity of biofilm formation compared to combinations of two pathogens. This indicates the importance of this species in synergistic interactions among microorganisms.
Knockout mutations in the genes encoding phosphate transporters impair adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ethanol consumption
Authors: Ledova L. А. , Ryazanova L. P. , Kulakovskaya T. V.
Published: December 2024

Phosphate transporters in yeast cells are responsible for phosphorus homeostasis, and also indirectly involved in the regulation of various adaptive processes. One of these processes is the adaptation to ethanol consumption, which requires significant changes in phosphorus metabolism. We demonstrated that knockout mutations in the genes encoding phosphate transporters PHO87, PHO89, PHO90 and PHO91 impair adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ethanol consumption at ethanol concentration of 4%. For these mutant strains an extension of the lag phase and in a decrease in the growth rate at the active stage was observed when the cells were cultivated in the medium with 4% ethanol. Mutant cells differ in the content of inorganic polyphosphates, but not orthophosphate, from the parental strain: they contain less long-chain polyphosphates when cultivated on ethanol, but not on glucose. When cultivated on a medium containing 4% ethanol, a strain with a knockout mutation in the PHO84 gene, encoding the transporter of phosphate and divalent metals, as well as knockout strains for the PHM6 and PHM7 genes, responsible for the polyphosphate overplus, did not show any growth differences compared with parent strain in a medium with 4% ethanol. The possible role of phosphate transporters and inorganic polyphosphates in the adaptation of yeast to ethanol consumption is discussed.
Long-term survival of Enterococcus faecium under different conditions of cell stabilization and immobilization
Authors: Galuza O. A. , El-Registan G. I. , Kanapatski T. A. , Nikolaev Yu. A.
Published: December 2024

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play an important role in biotechnology and biomedicine. Their most important disadvantage is the rapid death of crops and preparations during storage. Studying ways to increase the survival time of lactic acid bacteria under various conditions is an urgent scientific and applied task and was the goal of this work. The object was the lactic acid bacterium Enterococcus faecium. It has been shown that in aging planktonic cultures, bacteria quickly lose viability (the number of viable cells decreases by 2–4 orders of magnitude in 1 month). The development cycle of the E. faecium population under these conditions ends with the formation of cyst-like resting cells of two types: L-forms and hypometabolic cells. The use of chemical stabilizers, humic substances (typical soil components), and increases the number of surviving cells by 2–3 times. With surface immobilization (adsorption) on organosilanol or inorganic carriers (organosilane, silica), the number of cells surviving under starvation conditions increases by 1.25–3 times. The most effective approach was the immobilization of cells in silanol-humate gels (increasing the number of surviving cells up to 35 times relative to the control). The data obtained reveal the mechanisms and forms of survival of LAB in natural conditions (state of hypometabolism, the presence of specialized forms of dormancy), and can also be used to develop methods for long-term storage of LAB in their biological products.
Cellulolytic potential of new strains of soil streptomycetes
Authors: Bokov N. A. , Bakulina A. V. , Bessolitsyna E. A. , Shirokikh I. G.
Published: December 2024

In order to obtain new strains of cellulolytic microorganisms for use in technologies for processing plant and other cellulose-containing waste, four new bacterial strains of the genus Streptomyces have been isolated from various sources. In tests with Congo red, the isolates’ ability to degrade carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and natural cellulose–containing materials – straw, birch and oak sawdust was determined. The activity of cellulase was quantified during fermentation of straw. On media with each of the model carbon sources, the radial growth rate was determined as an indicator characterizing the ability of isolates to colonize various substrates. The conjugate characteristic of cellulase activity and radial growth rate on substrates of various natures made it possible to assess the prospects for further use of the studied strains as destructors of cellulose-containing waste. The strain Streptomyces thermocarboxydus T1-3 was the leader in the studied sample, characterized by the most active enzymatic hydrolysis of all model cellulose sources, a high radial growth rate (up to 87±3 microns/hour), and the achievement of maximum cellulase activity (171.25±8.13 U/ml) during straw fermentation within 24 hours.
Influence of pH shift on the community enriched in phosphate-accumulating microorganisms in a sequential-periodic action bioreactor
Authors: Dorofeev A. G. , Pelevina A. V. , Gruzdev E. V. , Mardanov A. V. , Pimenov N. V.
Published: December 2024

In a sequentially periodic bioreactor, changes in the structure and properties of a community enriched with phosphate-accumulating microorganisms (PAO) after a shift in pH to more acidic values (pH 6.7–7.1) were traced. The proportion of Candidatus Accumulibacter decreased from 43.6 to 13.9%, while the number of potential FAOs belonging to Dechloromonas and Thauera increased. At the same time, the share of the total amount of FAO changed slightly and amounted to 40–43%. The share of the main competitors of FAO ‒ glycogen-accumulating microorganisms (GAM) during the experiment remained insignificant: Competibacter 16S rRNA gene fragments before and after pH changes amounted to 2‒4%. A decrease in pH led to a drop in the amount of phosphates released in the anaerobic phase, but the amount of phosphorus in the biomass and its removal remained high ‒ 15–17 and 92–94%, respectively.
Alkane monoxygenase AlkB1 of Rhodococcus qingshengii strain X5 does not required for growth on alkanes
Authors: Petrikov K. V. , Rejepova A. A. , Pozdnyakova-Filatova I. Y.
Published: December 2024

The study of monooxygenase systems responsible for the primary oxidation of alkanes is necessary to understand the bacterial metabolism of these hydrocarbons. Genome analysis of the Rhodococcus qingshengii strain X5 showed a wide variety of genes encoding the corresponding enzymes, including 5 homologs of AlkB-type alkane monooxygenases. A strain with knockout of the alkB1 gene was constructed. A comparison of the ability of the wild-type strain and the mutant strain to grow on alkanes of various lengths at two temperatures (6°C and 28°C) reveals the preservation of the basic phenotype: although the growth of the mutant at low temperatures was weakened, the spectrum of oxidizable substrates did not change. This suggests that other functioning monooxygenase active at different temperatures towards a wide range of alkanes.
The role of carbon dioxide in the regulation of bacterial adaptive proliferation
Authors: Petrova O. E. , Parfirova O. I. , Vorob’ev V. N. , Gorshkov V. Yu.
Published: December 2024

The adaptive proliferation of bacteria or cell division in the absence of an exogenous organic substrate is controlled by density-dependent mechanisms with the participation of AHL- and AI-2-dependent quorum sensing systems. Along with the signaling molecules of these bacterial communication systems, bacterial metabolites that are permanently released during microbial metabolism, for example, CO2, can also participate in regulation and can serve as biomarkers of cell density. It has been established that carbon dioxide is necessary for the adaptive proliferation launch, and the increased content of atmospheric CO2 causes a premature stop to this process. Thus, CO2 is able to regulate the adaptive reactions of bacteria, including, probably, being one of the signals involved in the initiation and termination of the process of adaptive proliferation. It has been shown that CO2 in the form of the bicarbonate ion HCO3- can activate the cAMP-dependent signaling cascade and is also included in the bacterial cell mass.
Application of the bacterial C-DAG system to analyze the ability of amyloids to seed protein aggregation in vitro
Authors: Trubitsina N. P. , Zemlyanko O. M. , Zhouravleva G. A. , Bondarev S. A.
Published: December 2024

The search for new amyloid proteins, as well as the study of their properties, is an actual task, which can be solved by a number of different model systems. One of the most popular is the C-DAG approach. It is based on the analysis of aggregation of the investigated proteins on the surface of Escherichia coli cells. According to the original protocol, it can be used to demonstrate one of the characteristic properties of amyloids: the ability to bind the amyloid-specific dye Congo red and demonstrate apple-green birefringence. In addition, the C-DAG technique allows one to analyze the morphology of aggregates and their resistance to detergents. In this work, we tested using Sup35NM as an example whether aggregates on the surface of bacterial cells can act as inducers of aggregation of the corresponding protein.
Solid-state method of production of probiotic feed additives for farm animals
Authors: Ushakova N. A. , Pravdin V. G. , Pravdin I. V. , Kravtsova L. Z. , Brodsky E. S. , Ambaryan A. V.
Published: December 2024

A technology has been developed for producing a probiotic preparation by solid-state cultivation of a mixed culture of Bacillus subtilis B-8130, B. subtilis B-2984, B. subtilis B-4099 on beet pulp, which is shown in two preparations (ProStor and GerbaStor). Solid-state fermentation was carried out under conditions of limited access to oxygen at a temperature of 40 ± 5°C, pH 7.5‒8.0 and mixture humidity 45 ± 3% for 48‒50 hours. During the process, acidification of the reaction mass was observed, a significant increase in cell titer and the formation of a biofilm on phytosorbent. The cell titer depended on the factor “stage of fermentation”, but did not depend on the factor type of preparation ‒ ProStor or GerbaStor. Among the identified volatile products, by 48 hours of fermentation the content of acetic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, p-guaiacol and 2-n-pentylfuran increased, and aromatic substances of the phenolic series decreased. Additional metabolites were obtained that enhance the antibacterial properties and taste of the probiotic preparation. The formation of a biofilm made it possible to preserve viable cells during drying (45°C): in ProStor 1.2 × 108 CFU/g, and in GerbaStor 0.58 × 108 CFU/g. In HerbaStore with an expanded range of medicinal plants, a decrease in the titer of bacilli is associated with dehydration during drying and with the antibacterial properties of phytocomponents.
Production of antimicrobial compounds in Lactobacillus brevis cells
Authors: Sidorova N. A. , Savushkin A. I.
Published: December 2024

As a result of the study, primary data were obtained on the kinetics of growth and production of antimicrobial compounds by the bacteria Lactobacillus brevis 2kGv22-17. Under experimental conditions, the antibacterial effect of a suspension of lactobacilli, protoplasts and intracellular antibacterial activity in cell lysates were studied. Growth kinetics were assessed under static conditions using a personal bioreactor RTS-1C. The antagonistic activity of lactobacilli was studied in a series of experiments using Cytophaga psychrophila IM-87, Flexibacter columnaris IM-216 and Pseudomonas fluorescens IM-43 as indicator test cultures. The ability of the studied lactobacilli to produce antimicrobial compounds in the exponential growth phase was experimentally confirmed. The most pronounced effect of growth suppression was found in the presence of lactobacilli protoplasts.
PROPERTIES OF OCTUPOLE STATES 238U
Authors: Usmanov P. N. , Vdovin A. I. , Nishonov A. N.
Published: December 2024

The energies and electrical properties of the octupole states of the 238U nucleus are studied within theframework of a phenomenological model considering the Coriolis mixing of rotational bands. Mixing ofthe low-lying negative parity bands is considered. The energies, the structures of states of rotational bandswith Kπ=0−,1−,2−,3− and the reduced probabilities of Е1 transitions are calculated. Theoretical energyvalues and Е1-transitions’ probabilities are compared with the experimental data. Good agreement betweenexperimental data and theoretical results is obtained.
THE POSSIBILITY OF DETECTING TeV ELECTRONS ANDPOSITRONS OF GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS USING THE EARTH’SMAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Stuzhin A. P. , Mikhailov V. V.
Published: December 2024

The research of the electron and positron spectrum of galactic cosmic rays is an important task of high-energy astrophysics. The necessity of using new methods of electron and positron registration is caused byinsufficient statistical reliability of data from modern experiments in the TeV energy range. In the presentwork, one of the possible registration methods based on the use of synchrotron radiation of electronsand positrons in the Earth’s magnetic field is investigated. Using modeling of trajectories of high-energyelectrons, positrons, and synchrotron photons emitted by them, the detector count rate for the ISS and ROS orbit has been estimated. The possibility of separation of electrons and positrons using this method isshown.
BOSE–EINSTEIN CONDENSATION AND MUON PRODUCTION IN ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAY PARTICLE COLLISIONS
Authors: Okorokov V. A.
Published: December 2024

Collisions of cosmic ray particles with ultra-high initial energies with nuclei in the atmosphere open a wide room for appearing of the novel dynamical features for multiparticle production processes. In particular, the laser-like behavior of pions driven by Bose–Einstein condensation would result in the shift to larger multiplicities and, as consequence, could provide, in general, the enhanced yield of cosmic muons. In the present work the critical value of the space charged particle density for onset of Bose–Einstein condensation of the boson (pion) wave-packets into the same wave-packet state is estimated within the model with complete multiparticle symmetrization for the energy domain corresponding to the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR). Energy dependence of mean density of charged pions is evaluated for the cases of absence of the Bose–Einstein effects and for presence of laser-like behavior of pions. The possible influence of the Bose–Einstein condensation is discussed for the muon production inUHECRparticle collisions with the atmosphere.
KINEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF ALIGNMENT EFFECT IN COSMIC RAYS
Authors: Lokhtin I. P. , Nikolskii A. V. , Snigirev A. M.
Published: December 2024

The important role of kinematic constraints for the origin of the alignment of hadron and photon families observed by the Pamir collaboration in emulsion experiments with cosmic rays is discussed. Within the framework of the suggested approach it is shown that the high degree of alignment of the interaction products of the target nuclei and cosmic rays can be a consequence of the selection procedure of the most energetic clusters of particles together with the law of conservation of transverse momentum. The obtained results correctly describe the experimental data for three energetic centers and are also close enough to the measurements in the case of four and five clusters, which indicates encouraging prospects for the proposed method of explaining the alignment phenomenon.
PROJECT ON RESEARCH OF NUCLEAR dd-SYNTHESIS WITH POLARIZATION OF INITIAL PARTICLES AT LOW ENERGIES (PolFusion)
Authors: Rozhdestvenskij A. Yu. , Andreyanov A. V. , Vasilyev A. A. , Vznuzdaev M. E. , Ivshin K. A. , Kochenda L. M. , Kravtsov P. A. , Kravchenko P. V. , Larionov V. E. , Solovyev A. N. , Trofimov V. A. , Fotyev V. D.
Published: December 2024

The nuclear dd-fusion reaction can proceed by three possible channels: 3H + 𝑝 (≈ 50%), 3He + 𝑛 (≈ 50%), 4He + (≈ 10−7%). Interest in dd-fusion has been aroused by both fundamental research and astrophysics and applied science, particularly in the field of fusion reactor development. In the 1970s at the Kurchatov Institute, the idea of studying the nuclear dd-fusion reaction using polarized deuteron beams was proposed. The development of this idea was continued in the PolFusion (Polarized Fusion) nuclear physics experiment, which aims to study the reaction of nuclear dd-synthesis with polarized source particles in the low energy region. The experiment is planned to measure the scattering asymmetries of dd-fusion reaction products in the final state at different mutual orientation of the spins of colliding deuterons in the energy range 10—100 keV. The authors will present an overview of the status of the experiment.
ON THE IMPORTANCE OF CONSIDERATION OF INITIALLY-EXTENDED RELATIVISTIC STRINGS FOR HADRONIZATION MODELING
Authors: Nikolaenko R. V.
Published: December 2024

Data from a number of experiments in high-energy physics indicate difficulties in the description of the production of pions and ρ0-mesons using existing models of hadronic interactions. One of the possibilities for introducing new non-collective effects is to modernize the fragmentation models of relativistic Nambu–Goto strings. As an option, the use of initially extended strings is proposed, which makes it possible to calculate string parameters in configurations that are realistic for hadronic and nucleus-nucleus interactions. For this purpose, a special gauge is introduced, suitable for calculations with arbitrary initial conditions. The ability to determine the spin–orbital characteristics of strings allows us to impose additional restrictions on the mass of string fragments.
THE DESCRIPTION OF THE FOUR-PARTICLE DECAYS ¯𝐵𝑑, 𝑠 → 𝐵𝑑, 𝑠 → μ+μ−𝑒+𝑒− IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE STANDARD MODEL
Authors: Danilina A. V. , Nikitin N. V.
Published: December 2024

In the framework of the Standard Model, partial widths, double and single differential distributions for four-lepton decays 𝐵𝑞 → μ+μ−𝑒+𝑒− were calculated, 𝑞 = {𝑑, 𝑠}. The contributions of the emission of a virtual photon by light 𝑞- and heavy 𝑏-quarks, the bremsstrahlung by charged leptons in the final state, the leading contribution of ”weak annihilation”, and the contribution of wide vector 𝑐𝑐-resonances are taken into account. Contributions from narrow 𝐽/ψ – and ψ (2𝑆)–resonances are excluded. The emission of a virtual photon by a light quark 𝐵𝑞–meson is described using the vector meson dominance model. Only the contribution of the lightest vector mesons, which include a 𝑞𝑞-pair, is taken into account. For the 𝐵𝑠-meson this is '(1020)–resonance. For the 𝐵𝑑–meson, the contributions of ρ0(770)– and ω(782)–resonances are taken into account. Two possibilities are considered. The first: the contributions of narrow '(1020)– and ω(782)–mesons are excluded from the partial widths of the corresponding decays. The second: the contributions of narrow resonances are taken into account. The question of the influence of the subtractive procedure on the magnitude of the partial widths of 𝐵𝑞 → μ+μ−𝑒+𝑒− decays has been studied.
POSITRON SUPERCRITICAL RESONANCES AND SPONTANEOUS POSITRON CREATION IN SLOW COLLISIONS OF HEAVY NUCLEI
Authors: Telnov D. A. , Dulaev N. K. , Kozhedub Y. S. , Maltsev I. A. , Popov R. V. , Tupitsyn I. I. , Shabaev V. M.
Published: December 2024

We present a theoretical and computational study of positron supercritical resonances in systems consisting of two highly-charged bare nuclei. The resonance positions and widths depending on the internuclear separation are calculated with the help of the complex-scaling generalized pseudospectral method in modified prolate spheroidal coordinates. The results are applied to estimate the probability of spontaneous positron creation in slow U92+–U92+ and Cm96+– Cm96+ collisions.
RADIAL AND TANGENTIAL FRICTION COEFFICIENTS: DERIVATION OF FORMULAS, CALCULATION AND APPLICATION IN MODELLING OF THE HEAVY ION COLLISION PROCESS
Authors: Litnevsky V. L. , Litnevsky A. L. , Kosenko G. I.
Published: December 2024

A method for calculating the forces and moments of friction forces arising between two colliding nuclei with a non-zero impact parameter is considered. At this stage of the work, it was assumed that colliding nuclei remain spherical throughout the entire collision process. A simulation of the collision process of spherical atomic nuclei is carried out, taking into account their gradual inclusion in rotation around their own axes. It is shown that from the moment of the transition of the system through the Coulomb barrier to the stop of the relative rotation of colliding nuclei, it takes time about 10–21 s. It is proposed to consider the stopping of radial motion and relative rotation of colliding nuclei as conditions for capturing the projectile nucleus by the target nucleus. I.e., at the moment of capture, the system should behave like a rigid rotating dumbbell. Comparison of the results of the calculation of the capture cross sections with experimental data shows a good predictive power of the considered approximate model in the case of a strongly asymmetric reaction of 16O+ 208Pb (for all reaction energies) and in the case of high-energy reactions of 36S + 208Pb and 40Ca + 208Pb.
NUCLEAR REACTIONS AT 160 MeV PROTON ENERGY ON NATURAL CALCIUM
Authors: Zheltonozhskaya M. V. , Ovsyannikov A. V. , Shemyakov A. E. , Chernyaev A. P. , Adonyev S. R. , Scherbakov A. A. , Yatsenko O. V.
Published: December 2024

The study of radionuclide excitation functions in proton-induced nuclear reactions is of fundamental interest for in vivo treatment verification methods in proton therapy. However, experimental data for these reactions are very limited, especially for proton energies above 20 MeV, and show significant discrepancies. In the present work, experimental cross sections of reactions for accelerated protons with an energy of 160MeVon targets of metallic calcium of natural isotopic composition are measured. For the first time, new data have been obtained on the yield cross sections of reactions with the departure of one to five protons at 44Ca nuclei. Calculations of the obtained cross sections in the Fermi gas and Gogni–Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov models using the TALYS1.96 program code are carried out. It is shown that pre-equilibrium processes dominate in the cross sections. It is noted that the calculated cross sections, as a rule, do not exceed 30% of the experimental ones.
THE VALUE AND THE SIGN ESTIMATION OF THE ROT EFFECT FOR 239,241Pu ISOTOPES DURING THEIR FISSION BY POLARIZED NEUTRONS IN THE RESONANT ENERGY REGION
Authors: Guseva I. S. , Gusev Yu. I.
Published: December 2024

It is proposed to measure the shift in the angular distribution of light charged particles (LCP) in ternary fission caused by polarized neutrons of plutonium isotopes in the resonance region with 𝐸𝑛 = 0.264 eV for the 241Pu target and 𝐸𝑛 = 0.294 eV for the 239Pu target. The reliability of interpretation of these experiments will compare favorably with measurements carried out previously at 𝐸𝑛 = 4.5 meV. The advantage is associated with a noticeable weakening of the influence of resonances, the parameters of which may raise some doubts. We are talking about resonances introduced at neutron energies 𝐸𝑛 < 0 eV. In addition, in the region of these two resonances, the fractions of impurity partial cross sections with a spin different from the spin of the resonance itself are small. It is important that the magnitude of the effects expected at the indicated resonance energies will be significantly greater than those previously obtained in the cold neutron energy region.
ACCOUNT OF NON-NUCLEONIC DEGREES OF FREEDOM IN NUCLEAR MATTER
Authors: Rubtsova O. A. , Pomerantsev V. N.
Published: December 2024

A two-component formalism has been developed for the reaction matrix in a nuclear medium in the case of nucleon–nucleon interaction taking into account additional non-nucleonic degrees of freedom. The approach is based on the dibaryon model of nucleon-nucleon interaction, which recently allowed to describe partial 𝑁𝑁 scattering amplitudes for the channels with total angular momentum 𝐽 ≤ 3 in a wide energy range fromzero to 0.6–1 GeV, and also to reproduce successfully the positions of the known dibaryon resonances for a number of channels. The bound states in the nuclear medium that arise for such a model are studied. An equation of state for symmetric nuclear matter has been calculated within the framework of the Brueckner–Hartree–Fock scheme.
SELF-CONSISTENT CALCULATIONS OF E1 TRANSITION PROBABILITIES BETWEEN THE MAIN AND TWO-PHONON [3−1 × 2+1 ]1−-STATE IN Sn ISOTOPES
Authors: Shitov M. I , Kamerdzhiev S. P , Tolokonnikov S. V
Published: December 2024

A self-consistent method for studying second-order anharmonic effects in the framework of quantum many-body theory is used for the first time to calculate the probabilities of 𝐸1-transitions between the main and two-phonon [3−1 × 2+1 ]1−-state in semi-magical isotopes 104−124Sn. The approach used contains accounting for: 1) self-consistency between the nuclear mean field and effective interaction, based on the use of the energy density functional method with proven parameters of the DF3-a Fayans functional, 2) three-quasiparticle ground state correlations and 3) the effects of nuclear polarizability. Good agreement was obtained with the available experiments, including 112Sn. The values of 𝐵(𝐸1) are predicted for even-even nuclei 104−110,114Sn. It is shown that the new, i.e. dynamic three-quasiparticle ground state correlations make a very significant contribution to the reduced probabilities of such 𝐸1-transitions and their consideration is necessary to explain the experiment.
FEASIBILITY OF MODEL-INDEPENDENT RECONSTRUCTION OF THE AMPLITUDES OF THE pp ELASTIC SCATTERING MATRIX AT THE SPASCHARM FACILITY AT U-70
Authors: Nurusheva M. B , Bogdanov A. A , Ladygin V. P , Moiseev V. V , Mochalov V. V , Semenov P. A
Published: December 2024

The main goal of the SPASCHARM experiment is the systematic study of spin phenomena at intermediate energies. For this purpose, it is planned to create a beam of polarized protons and antiprotons. The research includes, among other things, the study of elastic scattering. Some of the required equipment for polarimetry is planned to be used to study also elastic scattering immediately after the creation of such a channel. In this work, a set of observables necessary for model-free reconstruction of elastic proton-proton scattering amplitudes is investigated and determined.