bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypnosis on patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: A feasibility study
Authors: Fabbro Michel , Jacot William , Jarlier Marta , Guiu Séverine , D'Hondt Véronique , Pouderoux Stéphane , Champoiral Patrice , Janiszewski Chloé , Nicklès Isabelle
Published: October 2022

Background

Acceptability and tolerance of chemotherapy on patients treated for breast cancer remain challenging. Complementary approaches such as hypnosis may have a favorable impact both at the time of announcing and during chemotherapy, due to the notorious anxiety, distress, and self‐perceived dysfunction. The objective of the study was that the patients complied with at least four self‐hypnosis sessions out of the six cycles of chemotherapy.

Methods

This open, prospective longitudinal study assessed feasibility of compliance to self‐hypnosis during chemotherapy in an outpatients setting. Training sessions were given by a hypnotherapist. Throughout each cycle of chemotherapy, the patient had to use self‐hypnosis to better control her anxiety or any difficulties. Nurses could offer help to the patient. Chemotherapy‐associated side effects were evaluated through the NCI‐Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events v 4.03; moreover, side effects as pain, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and anxiety were also evaluated during chemotherapy using a visual analogic scale. Health‐related quality of life, emotional distress (anxiety and depression), and cancer‐related fatigue were assessed (at inclusion, end of chemotherapy and 3 months later) using the EORTC QLQ‐C30 and QLQ‐BR23, HADS and MFI‐20 questionnaires, respectively. The number of patients screened and actually included in the study was reported, as the reasons for refusal.

Results

Thirty‐five patients were included with a median age of 55 years (35–78). All patients received a hypnosis training session. The overall compliance with self‐hypnosis was 68.6% (95% CI: 50.7%–83.2%), meaning that more than two thirds of patients performed at least four sessions of self‐hypnosis. According to NCI‐CTCAE, Grade 2 nausea and vomiting was observed in 45.7% and 22.9%, respectively, Grade 2 fatigue in 62.9%. Based on the HADS questionnaire, anxiety increased at the end of the chemotherapy and returned to the initial value 3 months later (p = .97) whereas depression significantly decrease 3 months after the end of chemotherapy with respect to the inclusion (p = .003). Role, emotional, and cognitive functioning were slightly affected throughout the treatment, in contrast to dyspnea or physical functioning.

Conclusion

Our study showed that self‐hypnosis was feasible on patients newly diagnosed for breast cancer receiving chemotherapy.
Trajectories of interpersonal problems in residential eating disorder treatment: Exploring the influence of primary diagnosis
Authors: Harris Bethany A. , Scharff Adela , Smith Melanie , Brooks Gayle , Thompson‐Brenner Heather , Boswell James F.
Published: October 2022

Baseline interpersonal problems have been associated with treatment outcome in eating disorders (ED) and are important for understanding ED maintenance and aetiology. Despite this evidence, little is known about trajectories of change in interpersonal problems in the context of treatment, particularly in intensive ED treatment. This study examined the trajectory of total interpersonal problems in residential ED treatment, as well as two subdomains previously highlighted in ED research of being overly Cold (interpersonally distant) or overly Domineering (interpersonally controlling), as a function of different primary presenting ED diagnoses: anorexia nervosa restricting subtype (AN‐R), binge‐purge subtype (AN‐BP), and bulimia nervosa or binge eating (BN/BED). Interpersonal problem data were collected at admission, discharge, and 6‐month follow‐up. Trajectories were analysed with multilevel models. Results showed small‐to‐medium statistically significant reductions in interpersonal problems across diagnostic groups from admission to discharge for total interpersonal scores, and gains appeared to be maintained at follow‐up for both AN groups. Patients diagnosed with primary AN experienced steeper declines in total interpersonal problems from admission to follow‐up compared with patients diagnosed with BN/BED, with AN‐R experiencing the steepest trajectory. Planned contrasts indicated anyone with relevant binge eating behaviours had higher average levels of both Cold, as well as Domineering problems. Exploratory contrasts suggested that patients who had more Domineering problems also exhibited more binge symptoms and were typically slower to improve. Overall, results suggest interpersonal problems are generally malleable in residential ED treatment, yet change patterns differ by presenting ED symptoms and interpersonal problem subdomain.
Characterization of the tumour microenvironment phenotypes in malignant tissues and pleural effusion from advanced osteoblastic osteosarcoma patients
Authors: Zhang Zhichang , Ji Weiping , Huang Jin , Zhang Yawen , Zhou Yan , Zhang Jianjun , Dong Yang , Yuan Ting , Yang Qingcheng , Ding Xiaomin , Tang Lina , Li Hongtao , Yin Junyi , Wang Yonggang , Ji Tong , Fei Jia , Zhang Bing , Chen Peizhan , Hu Haiyan
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is an adverse prognostic factor in patients with osteoblastic osteosarcoma; however, the cellular contexts of MPE are largely unknown.

Experimental design

We performed single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) on 27 260 cells from seven MPE samples and 91 186 cells from eight osteosarcoma tissues, including one recurrent, one lung metastasis and six primary tumour (PT) samples, to characterize their tumour microenvironment.

Results

Thirteen main cell groups were identified in osteosarcoma tumour and MPE samples. Immune cells dominate the cellular contexts in MPE with more T/NK cells and less osteoclasts compared to PT samples. Of T/NK cells, CD8+GNLY+, CD8+KLRC2+ T cells and FCGR3A+NK cells were enriched in MPE but CD4+FOXP3+ Tregs were enriched in PT samples. Naïve IGHD+ B and immune regulatory IGHA1+ B cells were largely identified in MPE, whereas bone metabolism‐related CLEC11A+ B cells were significantly enriched in osteosarcoma PT. M2‐type TAMs, including CLEC11A_TAM, C1QC_TAM and Prolif_TAMs, among myeloid cells were enriched in PT, which may suppress cytotoxicity activities of T cells through multiple ligand–receptor interactions. Mature LAMP3+ DCs were transformed from CD1C+ DC and CLEC9A+ DC sub‐clusters when exposure to tumour alloantigens, which may improve T cell cytotoxicity activities on tumour cells under anti‐PD‐L1 treatments. In further, immune cells from MPE usually present up‐regulated glycolysis and down‐regulated oxidative phosphorylation and riboflavin metabolism activities compared to those in PT samples.

Conclusions

Our study provided a novel cellular atlas of MPE and PT in patients with advanced osteosarcoma, which may provide potential therapeutic targets in the future.
Cell of origin is not associated with outcomes of relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Desai Sanjal H. , Mwangi Raphael , Smith Alexandra N. , Maurer Matthew J. , Farooq Umar , King Rebecca L. , Cerhan James R. , Feldman Andrew L. , Habermann Thomas M. , Thompson Carrie A. , Wang Yucai , Ansell Stephen M. , Witzig Thomas E. , Nowakowski Grzegorz S.
Published: October 2022

Activated B cell (ABC) type diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), double hit lymphoma (DHL) and double expressor lymphoma (DEL) have poor outcomes to frontline R‐CHOP but impact of these molecular features on outcomes of relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease is not well‐characterized. We evaluated the association of diagnostic cell of origin (COO), double hit and double expressor status with overall survival after first relapse in DLBCL patients who were enrolled into the Molecular Epidemiology Resource (MER) cohort. COO was available from immunohistochemistry (IHC) using Hans criteria or gene expression profiling (GEP) (Nanostring) on the diagnostic FFPE biopsy. Of 373 pts with R/R DLBCL, 278 had COO by IHC: 152 were GCB, 107 were non‐GCB. One hundred and fourty had COO by GEP: 44 were ABC, 65 were GCB and 13 were unclassifiable. Nineteen out of 163 (12%) were DHL; 30 out of 135 (22%) had DEL. COO, either by IHC (2 years OS GCB: 45% [CI95: 38–54] vs. non‐GCB: 44% [CI95:36–55], p > 0.05) or GEP (2 years OS ABC: 42% [CI95: 29–59] vs. GCB: 40% [CI95: 30–54], p > 0.05), was not associated with difference in OS. DHL (2 years OS 16 [CI95:6–45] vs. 45% [CI95: 34–59], p < 0.01) and DEL (2 years OS 33% [CI95: 20–56], vs. 50% [CI95: 41–60], p < 0.05) had lower OS than non‐DHL and non‐DEL/non‐DHL counterparts, respectively. COO by IHC or GEP was not associated with OS in R/R DLBCL while DHL and DEL were adverse prognostic markers in DLBCL at first relapse.
DNA methylation biomarkers for noninvasive detection of triple‐negative breast cancer using liquid biopsy
Authors: Manoochehri Mehdi , Borhani Nasim , Gerhäuser Clarissa , Assenov Yassen , Schönung Maximilian , Hielscher Thomas , Christensen Brock C. , Lee Min Kyung , Gröne Hermann‐Josef , Lipka Daniel B. , Brüning Thomas , Brauch Hiltrud , Ko Yon‐Dschun , Hamann Ute
Published: October 2022

Noninvasive detection of aberrant DNA methylation could provide invaluable biomarkers for earlier detection of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) which could help clinicians with easier and more efficient treatment options. We evaluated genome‐wide DNA methylation data derived from TNBC and normal breast tissues, peripheral blood of TNBC cases and controls and reference samples of sorted blood and mammary cells. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between TNBC and normal breast tissues were stringently selected, verified and externally validated. A machine‐learning algorithm was applied to select the top DMRs, which then were evaluated on plasma‐derived circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) samples of TNBC patients and healthy controls. We identified 23 DMRs accounting for the methylation profile of blood cells and reference mammary cells and then selected six top DMRs for cfDNA analysis. We quantified un‐/methylated copies of these DMRs by droplet digital PCR analysis in a plasma test set from TNBC patients and healthy controls and confirmed our findings obtained on tissues. Differential cfDNA methylation was confirmed in an independent validation set of plasma samples. A methylation score combining signatures of the top three DMRs overlapping with the SPAG6, LINC10606 and TBCD/ZNF750 genes had the best capability to discriminate TNBC patients from controls (AUC = 0.78 in the test set and AUC = 0.74 in validation set). Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of cfDNA‐based methylation signatures as noninvasive liquid biopsy markers for the diagnosis of TNBC.
Impact of peripartum antibiotics on wound complications in women with obstetric anal sphincter injury
Authors: Propst Katie , Yao Meng , Hickman Lisa C.
Published: October 2022

Objective

To evaluate the role of antibiotics on preventing wound complications following obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASI).

Methods

This is a cohort study with retrospective and prospective components of women who sustained an OASI at vaginal delivery. The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of prophylactic antibiotics at the time of delivery on perineal wound complications. Women were grouped based on peripartum antibiotic administration: no antibiotics (NABX), antibiotics for OASI wound complication prophylaxis (PABX), antibiotics for therapeutic indications (TABX), and antibiotics for any indication (AABX, PABX + TABX).

Results

Four hundred and twenty‐five women with OASI were included in this analysis. Most women experienced a third‐degree perineal laceration (358, 84.2%). One hundred and sixteen (27.3%) women received NABX, 195 (45.9%) women received PABX, and 114 (26.8%) women received TABX. Cefazolin was the most common antibiotic in the PABX group. Perineal wound complications occurred in 51 (12.0%) women: 14 (12.4%) in NABX, 26 (13.3%) in PABX, 11 (9.6%) in TABX, and 37 (12.0%) in AABX. The incidence of perineal wound complications did not differ between groups.

Conclusions

In this cohort study, peripartum antibiotics did not reduce wound complication incidence following OASI. It is likely that a first‐generation cephalosporin is not the ideal antibiotic in this clinical setting.
Comment on “Feasibility of Raman spectroscopy as a potential in vivo tool to screen for pre‐diabetes and diabetes”
Authors: Bratchenko Ivan A. , Bratchenko Lyudmila A.
Published: October 2022

This paper comments recent findings about Raman spectroscopy application for in vivo noninvasive diabetes detection, published in the Journal of Biophotonics by E. Guevara et al. (J. Biophotonics 2022, 15, e202200055). The proposed results may be not entirely correct due to possible overestimation of classification models and absence of additional information regarding age of tested volunteers.
Association between rs1799971 in the mu opioid receptor gene and methadone maintenance treatment response
Authors: Xie Xiaohu , Gu Jun , Zhuang Dingding , Zhou Yun , Chen Xiaoyu , Shen Wenwen , Li Longhui , Liu Yue , Xu Wenjin , Hong Qingxiao , Xu Zemin , Chen Weisheng , Zhou Wenhua , Liu Huifen
Published: October 2022

Objective

Genetic variations can affect individual response to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for heroin addiction. The A118G variant (rs1799971) in the mu opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) is a potential candidate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for personalized MMT. This study determined whether rs1799971 is related to MMT response or dose.

Methods

We recruited 286 MMT patients from a Han Chinese population. The rs1799971 genotype was determined via TaqMan genotyping assay. The genetic effect of this SNP on MMT response or dose was evaluated using logistic regression. A meta‐analysis was performed to merge all available data to evaluate the role of rs1799971 in MMT using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results

No statistical significance was observed in the association between the OPRM1 rs1799971 and MMT response or dose in our Chinese cohort. Meta‐analysis indicated that the OPRM1 A118G variation was not significantly associated with MMT response or dose requirement.

Conclusion

The results suggest that rs1799971 in OPRM1 might not play a critical role alone in influencing MMT response or dose.
Fetal brain biometry and cortical development after maternal SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in pregnancy: A prospective case–control study
Authors: Mappa Ilenia , Pietrolucci Maria Elena , Pavjola Maqina , Maruotti Giuseppe , D'Antonio Francesco , Rizzo Giuseppe
Published: October 2022

Objectives

To assess cerebral growth and the development of fetal cortex using neurosonography in fetuses from pregnancies experiencing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) according to infection timing.

Methods

Pregnancies with by SARS‐CoV‐2 during first and second trimesters were prospectively studied and matched with unaffected controls. Enclosed women underwent neurosonography at 30–34 weeks of gestation and corpus callosum (CC) and cerebellar vermis (CV) lengths measured. Further Sylvian fissure (SF), insula. Parieto‐occipital fissure (POF), and calcarine sulci fissures (CSF) depths were obtained. The ultrasonographic variables considered were normalized with fetal head size.

Results

One hundred and seventy four consecutive pregnancies experiencing SARS COV 2 infection (81 before 14 weeks and 93 later) and 131 not affected pregnancies were considered. General and pregnancy characteristics were similar between the three groups of women. No significant differences existed in CC and CV lengths across groups. Similarly, insula, SF, POF And CSF depth did not result changed in fetuses of affected mothers.

Conclusions

SARS‐CoV‐2 infection does nor resulted associate with differential fetal cortical development or brain growth in mildly symptomatic pregnant women. This information may be useful to reassure infected mothers on the health of their fetuses.
Ultrasound‐promoted1,3‐dipolarcycloaddition of azomethine yields for synthesis of dispiropyrrolidineoxindole derivatives in hexyltriphenylphosphonium bromide as an ionic liquid, and the evaluation of their anti‐cancer activity
Authors: Matloubi Moghaddam Firouz , Hosseinzadeh Nouraddin , Safari Fatemeh , Foroumadi Alireza
Published: October 2022

A green, effortless, and protective one‐pot three‐component process for the synthesis of derivatives using cycloadition catching azomethineylides in situ created by means of decarboxylative build‐up of sarcosine and isatin has been developed in hexyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (HTPB) as an ionic liquid and recyclable solvent in supreme yield without the use of a catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. This method offers mild reaction conditions, excellent products yields in shorter reaction times, ease of operation and environmentally friendly process and high ragio and stereoselectivity. The anticancer activity of all new compounds has been investigated against four cell lines. Also, the structures were authenticated by both spectroscopic techniques and signal crystal X‐ray analysis.
Intersession Repeatability of Diffusion‐Tensor Imaging in the Supraspinatus and the Infraspinatus Muscles of Volunteers
Authors: Tous Cyril , Jodoin Alexandre , Grabs Detlev , Van Houten Elijah , Bureau Nathalie J.
Published: October 2022

Background

Quantifying the rotator cuff (RC) muscles' viscoelasticity could provide outcome relevant information in patients with RC tears. MR‐elastography requires robust diffusion‐tensor imaging (DTI) to account for tissue anisotropy in muscles stiffness computation.

Purpose

To assess the repeatability of DTI parameters in the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles and to explore DTI tractography conformity with the muscles' anatomy.

Study Type

Prospective.

Subjects

Six healthy volunteers underwent three consecutive shoulder MRI sessions about 10 minutes apart.

Field Strength/Sequence

3T/T1‐vibe Dixon and Spin echo EPI DTI (12 gradient encoding directions, b‐values 500 and 800 sec/mm2).

Assessment

Supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles were segmented on the T1‐vibe Dixon sequence. DTI image quality was assessed using a quantitative threshold based on the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). The eigenvalues (), fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity were calculated. DTI tractography was visually assessed.

Statistical Tests

DTI parameters within‐subject intersession repeatability was assessed with Bland–Altman analysis and the coefficient of variation (CV). Repeatability was considered good for CV < 10%.

Results

The SNR between diffusion‐weighted and non‐diffusion‐weighted images was greater than 3, which aligns with standards for estimating DTI parameters. The FA showed the lowest mean bias (−0.007; 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.031 to 0.018) whereas the λ1 had the highest mean bias (0.146 × 10−3 mm2/sec; CI −0.034 to 0.326 × 10−3 mm2/sec). CVs of the DTI parameters varied between 3.5% (FA) and 8.4% (λ3) for the supraspinatus and between 3.2% (λ1) and 6.8% (λ3) for the infraspinatus. Tractography provided muscle fiber representations in three‐dimensional space concordant with RC anatomy.

Data Conclusion

DTI of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles achieved an adequate SNR, allowing the measurement of the DTI metrics with good repeatability, and thus can be used for optimizing stiffness estimation in these anisotropic tissues.

Evidence Level

2

Technical Efficacy

Stage 2
Amendment with controlled release urea increases leaf morpho‐physiological traits, grain yield and NUE in a double‐cropping rice system in southern China
Authors: Liu Chuang , Sun Yixiang , Wu Gang , Wang Xiao , Yuan Manman , Wang Jiabao , He Weizhu , Chen Fang , LeCocq Kate , Wang Li , Liu Yi
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Understanding of mechanisms that underpin high‐yielding cropping systems is essential for optimizing management practices. Currently, the contribution of plant traits such as leaf area, chlorophyll content and intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (PARi) to yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) are not fully understood. In addition, the understanding of how canopy traits are affected by nitrogen (N) management practices is unclear. The present study aimed to determine the effect of amendment with controlled release urea (CR), common urea or no urea on NUE and plant eco‐physiological characteristics in a 2‐year field study in a double rice cropping system.

RESULTS

Regulation of N release through amendment with CR significantly increased grain yield, NUE and leaf morpho‐physiological attributes. CR coupled with common urea (at comparable total N rates) increased leaf area index (LAI), relative chlorophyll content index (CCI) and PARi, leading to higher grain yield and NUE (increased 24.4% and 25.3% in early and late rice, respectively) compared to local farming practice. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis showed that differences in N application, between CR and common urea, directly accounted for differences observed in soil nutrient, PARi and NUE rather than yield components. Additionally, compared to traditional yield determinants, LAI and PARi (between booting and filling stage) are capable of predicting and explaining grain yield by 0.69 and 0.92 of R2 in early and late rice, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Leaf morpho‐physiological traits are important for developing N management practices to increase NUE and improve food security for paddy agriculture in southern China. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Comprehensive responses of aroma production in ‘Benihoppe’ strawberry to low oxygen associated with the changes of key gene expressions and energy levels
Authors: Chen Jingxin , Zhang Demei , Zhang Xiaohan , Feng Xuqiao , Mi Hongbo , Ge Yonghong , Lv Jingyi
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

The influence of low oxygen on the biosynthesis of aroma‐related esters and alcohols in strawberries has been well revealed. However, how low‐oxygen conditions affect other volatile compounds, such as terpenes and furans, is still to be elucidated.

RESULTS

The effects of 2 kPa O2 low oxygen on the biosynthesis of aroma in ‘Benihoppe’ strawberries were comprehensively investigated in this study. The results showed that, like esters, the accumulations of key terpene alcohols and furans in strawberries were also inhibited by 2 kPa O2 low oxygen during storage and subsequent shelf life, which was associated with the down‐regulation of expression of FaNES1 (nerolidol synthase) and FaOMT (O‐methyltransferase). However, no anaerobic fermentation occurred in ‘Benihoppe’ strawberries since no ethanol and acetaldehyde were produced under the 2 kPa O2 condition. As expected, the 2 kPa O2 condition suppressed the respiratory intensity and lowered the energy charge to maintain the quality of strawberries. The negative effects of low‐oxygen storage on aroma accumulations and the energy charge of strawberries were more pronounced when transferred to the period of shelf life.

CONCLUSION

The 2 kPa O2 condition caused a full‐scale loss of aroma in ‘Benihoppe’ strawberries, including esters and alcohols as well as terpenes and furans, which was mainly reflected in the reduction of aroma emissions rather than the production of off‐flavor, probably due to the reduced expressions of related genes and energy charge. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Same family, same mutation, different ECG
Authors: Akbuğa Kürşat , Karanfil Mustafa
Published: October 2022

Background

Different types of long QT syndromes (LQTS) have distinct ECG manifestations according to the type and magnitude of ion channel dysfunction. While LQT1 carriers usually have broad‐based T waves and LQT3 carriers have extended ST segments with relatively narrow peaked T waves; LQT2 carriers have low‐amplitude T waves with high incidences of notches.

Methods

We describe three members of a family with the same LQTS2 pathogenic variant, but different surface ECG findings.

Conclusion

This case shows ECG differences may also occur between family members who have pathogenic variants associated with long QT syndrome.
Prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among foreign caregivers: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Su Hsuan‐Cheng , Hu Sophia H. , Chi Mei‐Ju , Lin Yen‐Kuang , Wang Chih‐Yu , Nguyen Trung V. , Chuang Yeu‐Hui
Published: October 2022

Aim

To understand the prevalence of depressive symptoms among foreign caregivers and the associated factors.

Design

A cross‐sectional study.

Methods

Data from 178 Indonesian foreign caregivers, selected based on convenience and snowball sampling in Taiwan, were collected between July 2019 and February 2020 using questionnaires. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to identify the factors associated with depressive symptoms.

Results

Approximately 30.3% of the foreign caregivers displayed depressive symptoms. The symptoms were more prevalent among the participants who were younger; had more social support; shared a bed with others; and experienced higher work‐related stress, more loneliness and physical discomfort. The findings suggest that nurses or nurse practitioners visiting patients at home should not only deliver care for them but also show concern for the psychological well‐being of the foreign caregivers of these patients. Moreover, interventions should be developed to alleviate or prevent the emergence of depressive symptoms among foreign caregivers.
A systematic review study on the factors affecting shortage of nursing workforce in the hospitals
Authors: Tamata Adel Tutuo , Mohammadnezhad Masoud
Published: October 2022

Aim

This study aimed to determine factors that influence the nursing workforce shortage and their impact on nurses.

Design

This study applied a systematic review design.

Methods

Using Cochrane library guidelines, five electronic databases were systematically searched (Research 4life—PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL) from 2010–2021. The remaining articles with pertinent information were presented in a data extraction sheet for further thematic analysis. A Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis Flow Diagram was adopted and used. The studies published from 2010–2021 and in English language were examined and included in the systematic review.

Results

Four themes were identified as factors influencing the nursing workforce shortage, including Policy and planning barriers, Barriers to training and enrolment, Factors causing nursing staff turnover and Nurses' stress and burnout. Nursing workforce shortage is a global challenge that roots in multiple causes such as individual, educational, organizational and managerial and policy‐making factors.
Norwegian nursing students' experience during clinical placement in an African country: Communication, relationship building and nursing identity. A qualitative study
Authors: Greaker Tove Kristin , Grudt Solveig Kirsti , Aune Ingvild
Published: October 2022

Aim

The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the experience of Norwegian bachelor nursing students during clinical placement in an African country, with a focus on communication, relationship building and nurse identity.

Design

Explorative, qualitative methods were used.

Methods

The data consisted of individual written reflection notes from 8 students' clinical placement in Africa, and transcripts from one semi‐structured focus group interview. The materials were analysed with systematic text condensation.

Results

The students described their experience with the community of practice as challenging and enlightening. They found themselves in contexts where communication and language problems occurred. The students described how important relationships were for their practical training, and how this helped shape their nursing identity.
Electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of compression molded carbon nanofiber‐reinforced polyvinylidene difluoride film
Authors: Serrato Veronica M. , Padilla Victoria , Jones Daniel , Herrera Sergio , Campos Luis , Serrato Ignacio , Foltz Heinrich , Lozano Karen
Published: October 2022

In this study, vapor grown carbon nanofiber (VGCNF) reinforced polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) composites were developed. Composites were fabricated by high shear mixing using a Banbury type mixer. The material was then subjected to compression molding resulting in films with an average thickness of 0.82 mm. The developed films were subjected to physico‐thermal, and electrical characterization including analysis of the shielding effectiveness (SE) of electromagnetic interference (EMI). Morphological analysis was conducted by scanning electron microscopy and characterization complemented with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic and X‐ray diffraction analyses. The thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, which revealed the influence of carbon nanofibers on thermal stability and phase transitions. The electrical conductivity for in‐plane and through‐plane was gradually enhanced by increasing the concentration of VGCF loading; a percolation threshold was initiated at 5 wt% loadings. In plane and through plane resistivity decreased from 1011 Ω‐cm to 103 Ω‐cm and 102 Ω‐cm, respectively. An in‐depth EMI SE study was conducted depicting the influence of VGCNFs on skin depth, EMI power coefficients for reflection, absorption and transmission, and EMI SE for reflection, absorption, and total. The total SE of the developed nanocomposite films was observed to range between 6.6–16.4 dB in a frequency range of 30 kHz to 1.5 GHz. This study presents the processing‐structure–property relationships for lightweight and flexible NC films with enhanced electrical conductivity.
HDOCK update for modeling protein‐RNA/DNA complex structures
Authors: Li Hao , Huang Eddie , Zhang Yi , Huang Sheng‐You , Xiao Yi
Published: October 2022

Protein‐nucleic acid interactions are involved in various cellular processes. Therefore, determining the structures of protein‐nucleic acid complexes can provide insights into the mechanisms of the interactions and thus guide the rational drug design to modulate these interactions. Due to the high cost and technical difficulties of solving complex structures experimentally, computational modeling such as molecular docking has been playing an important role in the study of molecular interactions. In order to make it easier for researchers to obtain biomolecular complex structures through molecular docking, we developed the HDOCK server for protein–protein and protein–RNA/DNA docking (accessed at http://hdock.phys.hust.edu.cn/). Since its first release in 2017, HDOCK has been widely used in the scientific community. As nucleic acids may include single‐stranded (ss) RNA/DNA and double‐stranded (ds) RNA/DNA, we now present an updated version of HDOCK, which offers new options for structural modeling of ssRNA, ssDNA, dsRNA, and dsDNA. We hope this update will better help the scientific community solve important biological problems, thereby advancing the field. In this article, we describe the general protocol of HDOCK with emphasis on the new functions on RNA/DNA modeling. Several application examples are also given to illustrate the usage of the new functions.
On the stochastic finite‐time stability for switched stochastic nonlinear systems
Authors: Hu Wei , Zhu Quanxin
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the stochastic finite‐time stability (SFTS) criteria for switched stochastic nonlinear systems (SSNS) with nonlocal Lipschitz coefficients are established. The main tools that we used here are mode‐dependent limiting average dwell time (MD‐LADT), stopping time technology and the stochastic analysis theory. The established criteria show that the diffusion coefficient, the drift coefficient and the switching law play crucial roles in obtaining the SFTS for the SSNS. Besides, our criteria provide some approaches on how to design the switching law to achieve the SFTS if a switched stochastic system contains SFTS subsystems and stochastic finite‐time instable (SFTI) subsystems simultaneously. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the importance and usefulness of the theoretical results.
A biomimetic systems method to organizational sustainable development and harmony: The Zen Business Model
Authors: Coll Josep M.
Published: October 2022

In a global knowledge and socioeconomic system dominated by the Western worldview, this paper introduces, from a practical point of view, the Zen Business Model. This is an emerging systems approach grounded on ancient Eastern wisdom that explores the symbiotic relationship between Taoism and Buddhism applied to organizational sustainable development and transformation. The model brings a universal and natural understanding of the organization as a living system whose value generating behaviour biomimics the natural cycles of transformation explained in Taoist systems theories. By doing so, the paper argues, on one hand, that business organizations can learn from nature‐based Eastern systems approaches as a way to increase their positive contribution to society, the environment and the economy. And, on the other hand, it explains the five corporate stars and its value dynamics as a principles‐based pathway to sustainable transformation.
XAV‐939 inhibits epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation in pulmonary fibrosis induced by crystalline silica via the Wnt signaling pathway
Authors: Lv Zhihao , Xu Hao , Si Xuezhe , Xu Shushuo , Li Xinxiao , Li Ning , Zhou Qiang , Chang Meiyu , Yao Sanqiao , Li Haibin
Published: October 2022

Silicosis is an occupational lung disease that results from long‐term inhalation of free silica dust, the expression is sustained inflammation response, fibroblast hyperplasia, and excessive collagen deposit, bringing about pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. Wnt signaling pathway exists in various kinds of eukaryotic cells, is a highly conservative signaling pathway in biological evolution, and participates in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and polarity of physiological activity, such as in embryonic development, organ morphology, and tumor. In addition, it plays an important role in the progress of fibrosis disease. At present, studies related to silicosis are increasing, but the pathogenesis of silicosis still is not clear. In recent years, more and more studies have suggested that the Wnt signaling pathway could participate in the pathogenesis of silicosis fibrosis. In the study, we explored the mechanism of the Wnt signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of silicosis fibrosis and evaluated the effect of XAV‐939 treatment epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EMT) induced by silica. In addition, the results showed that EMT and activation of the Wnt signaling pathway would occur after stimulation of silica or TGF‐β1. However, after treatment with the Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor XAV‐939, EMT was reversed and the expression of the β‐catenin decreased. These results suggested that the Wnt signaling pathway is associated with EMT induced by silica and it could be a potential target for the treatment of silicosis.
Validation of the Burden Transfer Inventory‐abbreviated and examination across veterinary medicine positions and settings in the United States
Authors: Spitznagel Mary B. , Martin John T. , Carlson Mark D. , Fulkerson Christopher M.
Published: October 2022

Background

Burden transfer, when veterinary client caregiver burden underlies stressful encounters with providers, elevates risk for occupational distress in veterinary medicine. To date, burden transfer has been primarily examined in veterinarians working in general practice, using methods that are time consuming. The current work validates an abbreviated Burden Transfer Inventory (BTI‐A) and explores burden transfer across positions of employment and veterinary settings.

Methods

Participants completed online measures of burden transfer, stress and burnout. A BTI‐A with items representing each BTI domain was created with an initial validation sample (n = 1151 veterinarians). Confirmatory psychometric analyses were conducted in a cross‐validation sample (n = 440 veterinarians and support staff), followed by exploration of the BTI and BTI‐A across veterinary settings and position of employment.

Results

The BTI‐A correlated with the full‐length BTI (r = 0.89–0.96) shows good internal consistency (α = 0.72–0.88) and 1‐month test–retest reliability (r = 0.69–0.74). The BTI‐A correlated significantly (p < 0.001) with stress and burnout. Exploratory comparisons suggested group differences including greater reactivity in general compared to specialty referral/emergency practice (p = 0.02).

Conclusion

The BTI‐A can be used in place of the original measure when brevity is important. Use of the BTI‐A may help guide allied mental health professionals in providing support for wellbeing in veterinary healthcare team members.
Carcinosarcoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: Review of the national cancer database
Authors: Harris Jacob C. , Eide Jacob G. , Kshirsagar Rijul S. , Brant Jason A. , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D.
Published: October 2022

Background

Carcinosarcomas are rare, aggressive malignancies that can arise in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. There are limited outcome data available. Accordingly, we sought to use the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to characterize patient demographics and outcomes.

Method

A retrospective analysis of the NCDB from 2004 to 2016 for patients with sinonasal carcinosarcoma was conducted.

Results

Thirty patients were included. The patients were predominantly male (n = 20), white (n = 23), and privately insured (n = 15), with an average age of 62.4 years. The nasal cavity was the most common subsite (n = 14), followed by the maxillary sinus (n = 8). Most patient were treated with surgery followed by radiation (n = 23), with the remaining undergoing surgery alone (n = 4), radiation alone (n = 2), or no treatment (n = 1). One‐third (n = 10) received adjuvant chemotherapy. The 1‐ and 5‐year overall survival (OS) in the cohort were 79.2% and 43.3%, respectively. Univariate log‐rank testing showed OS varied based on intervention (P < 0.029), sex (P < 0.042), and age (P < 0.025), while on multivariate analysis none of these factors independently predicted OS.

Conclusions

We describe the demographics and presenting features of a national cohort of sinonasal carcinosarcoma patients. Future research is needed to identify predictors of overall survival, and to assess the optimal roles for radiation and systemic chemotherapy.
Virtual Reality (VR) in Anatomy Teaching and Learning in Higher Healthcare Education
Authors: Aasekjær K. , Gjesdal B. , Rosenberg I. , Bovim L. P.
Published: October 2022

This chapter provides information for teachers in higher education who are interested in collaborative learning combined with the use of immersive virtual reality (VR). It presents an introduction to VR and experiences from implementing and using VR in training midwifery students on the master’s level and radiography students in anatomy on the bachelor’s level.
Playful Learning with VR-SIMI Model: The Use of 360-Video as a Learning Tool for Nursing Students in a Psychiatric Simulation Setting
Authors: Haugan Siri , Kværnø Eivind , Sandaker Johnny , Hustad Jonas Langset , Thordarson Gunnar Orn
Published: October 2022

Educational institutions can elevate student perspective and activation so that playful learning is formed by looking for new teaching possibilities. Didactical methods need to provide a safe environment where students can focus on interpersonal interactions with patients while being aware of how their own emotions can influence their situational awareness and decisions. The authors believe that relevant scenarios in a 360-degree video format will be beneficial for nursing students, specifically in preparation for the clinical setting. The potential of 360-degree video in virtual reality (VR) gives the instructor flexibility to create systematic, experiential learning and shapes emotional learning in collaboration with students. 360-Degree video can be seen as a playful way to learn in new situations. Playfulness of this kind can affect teachers and students motivation, as well as the opportunity to promote learning. This field lacks studies exploring the use of 360-degree videos in psychiatric simulation settings. This chapter will provide knowledge about the practical use of 360-degree video in VR, insight into technical potential, as well as challenges. Background information on why this method is suitable for promoting nursing students’ competence in mental health work will be presented. Another function of this chapter is to give an introduction and inspire exploration of 360-degree video in VR in professional education, with particular focus on how this can be used as a tool for nursing students in psychiatric simulation settings, like the VR-SIMI model, which is discussed later in the chapter.
Locality and analyticity of the crossing symmetric dispersion relation
Authors: Chowdhury Debapriyo , Haldar Parthiv , Zahed Ahmadullah
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This paper discusses the locality and analyticity of the crossing symmetric dispersion relation (CSDR). Imposing locality constraints on the CSDR gives rise to a local and fully crossing symmetric expansion of scattering amplitudes, dubbed as Feynman block expansion. A general formula is provided for the contact terms that emerge from the expansion. The analyticity domain of the expansion is also derived analogously to the Lehmann-Martin ellipse. Our observation of type-II super-string tree amplitude suggests that the Feynman block expansion has a bigger analyticity domain and better convergence.
Zum Verzehr ungeeignete Botanicals wie Cannabis und Kurkuma in Lebensmitteln – Anwendung des § 12 LFGB in Abgrenzung von Artikel 14 der Basis-Verordnung
Authors: Beisel Julia M. , Schaumann Theresa , Bock Verena , Rajcic de Rezende Tabata , Sproll Constanze , Walch Stephan G. , Lachenmeier Dirk W.
Published: October 2022

The assessment of foods containing botanicals above toxicological thresholds poses challenges, as administrative court decisions have set high barriers for the application of Art. 14 para. 2a or 2b of the General Food Law Regulation (EC) No 178/2002. If the application of Art. 14 para. 2b of the General Regulation is restricted by a narrow interpretation of para. 5 to contamination, putrefaction, spoilage or decomposition, a regulatory loophole emerges. The examples of tetrahydrocannabinol in hemp products with cannabidiol and curcumin in food supplements with turmeric illustrate the challenge of food regulatory evaluation, as there is no contamination by definition in the products mentioned. In such cases, where Art. 14 of the General Regulation cannot be applied, an assessment as unfit for consumption according to § 12 food and feed law (LFGB) has to be considered. The legal basis transferred to German national § 12 LFGB was historically used for the assessment of so-called disgust cases. However, § 12 LFGB is not explicitly limited to these, but is openly formulated for cases that are not subject to Art. 14 of the General Regulation. Accordingly, in the opinion of the authors, a food regulatory assessment of products containing botanicals that exceed toxicological threshold values is possible under § 12 LFGB.
Modelling the spatial distribution of the classification error of remote sensing data in cocoa agroforestry systems
Authors: Kanmegne Tamga Dan , Latifi Hooman , Ullmann Tobias , Baumhauer Roland , Thiel Michael , Bayala Jules
Published: October 2022

Cocoa growing is one of the main activities in humid West Africa, which is mainly grown in pure stands. It is the main driver of deforestation and encroachment in protected areas. Cocoa agroforestry systems which have been promoted to mitigate deforestation, needs to be accurately delineated to support a valid monitoring system. Therefore, the aim of this research is to model the spatial distribution of uncertainties in the classification cocoa agroforestry. The study was carried out in Côte d’Ivoire, close to the Taï National Park. The analysis followed three steps (i) image classification based on texture parameters and vegetation indices from Sentinel-1 and -2 data respectively, to train a random forest algorithm. A classified map with the associated probability maps was generated. (ii) Shannon entropy was calculated from the probability maps, to get the error maps at different thresholds (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5). Then, (iii) the generated error maps were analysed using a Geographically Weighted Regression model to check for spatial autocorrelation. From the results, a producer accuracy (0.88) and a user’s accuracy (0.91) were obtained. A small threshold value overestimates the classification error, while a larger threshold will underestimate it. The optimal value was found to be between 0.3 and 0.4. There was no evidence of spatial autocorrelation except for a smaller threshold (0.2). The approach differentiated cocoa from other landcover and detected encroachment in forest. Even though some information was lost in the process, the method is effective for mapping cocoa plantations in Côte d’Ivoire.
Ventricular strain patterns in multivalvular heart disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Prathiksha Prabhu K. , Nayak Krishnananda , Nayak Vidya , Prabhu Sridevi , Rekha V. , Ashwal A. J. , Sudhakar Rao M.
Published: October 2022

Multivalvular heart disease (MVD) is an aggregate of regurgitant and/or stenotic lesions of at least two cardiac valves. Ventricular tissue deformation imaging is a powerful predictor of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients with MVD.The aim of this study was to examine the left and right ventricular strain patterns in MVD as well as observe any association between right–sided valvular involvement (tricuspid or pulmonary valve lesion) with that of aortic and/or mitral valve lesion. Patients with at least moderate forms of MVD were included in the present study. 72 patients with mean age of 56.69 ± 14.59 years and various presentations of MVD were finally enrolled in this study. The commonest cause for MVD was rheumatic heart disease in these patients. Conventional 2-dimensional parameters as well as tissue deformation imaging parameters were assessed in offline mode for these patients. The Mean ± SD values for various quantitative 2D echocardiographic conventional and tissue deformation imaging were assessed. It was observed that LV strain parameters including the global longitudinal strain (GLS) were preserved whereas the RV strain parameters were mildly reduced (RV GLS total is − 19.49 ± 6.08%). Also, when conventional echocardiographic parameters were assessed to see any association between aortic and/or mitral valve disease with that of right-sided valvular lesions (tricuspid or pulmonary); 2D conventional echocardiographic parameters like left atrial dimension (p = 0.034), TAPSE (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion) (p < 0.001), RVSP (right ventricular systolic pressure) (p < 0.001) and IVC (inferior vena cava) dimensions (p < 0.001) showed a statistically significant result; whereas, when strain parameters for LV and RV were assessed, they did not show any statistical difference for the same. In this series of patients with significant MVD, our findings suggest that ventricular strain parameters may be reliable markers of myocardial dysfunction, but may alter depending on the underlying combination of MVD, and right ventricular strain should also be an important parameter while assessing different combinations of MVD.