bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of CNTs Parameter Variation on the Performance of Analog Device
Authors:   Department of ECE, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India., Tripathi Shailendra K.
Published: November 2020

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as a prominent material for present day nano-scale systems design. In spite of their widespread use in biology, and nano-electro mechanical systems (NEMS, CNTs have encroached upon conventional MOSFETs for the design of low power and high speed circuits. Because CNT possesses higher current carrying capability, higher transconductance and near ballistic transport of charge carriers. The diameter of the CNTs laid from the Source to the Drain in a CNFET has the significant influence on the characteristics of the device itself as well as on the features of circuits implemented using the said CNFET. Such variations in circuit parameters with CNT diameter can be shown to be more pronounced in analog circuits as compared to digital CNFET-based designs. The present work attempts to investigate the effect of diameter variation on a versatile analog building block (ABB) viz. the inverting current conveyor. It is demonstrated that various parameters of the ICC-II under scrutiny, like voltage bandwidth, current bandwidth, average power dissipation, etc. depend on the diameter of CNT(s) used in the CNFETs. HSPICE simulations performed on a 0.9V; 32nm CNFET-based ICC-II are included to exemplify the dependencies studied.
Letter of Editor
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2020

In the Universe, time is tirelessly moving into the Future. Each new unit of time is a witness of the birth of new ideas, current events, modern lives. Our consciousness determines their significance.

Today's vitality of the Planet Earth is determined by our friendship, tolerance, compassion, positive emotions, and enjoyment of each other's successes.

Our personal space (each of us!) includes natural resources, information networking, individuals' consciousness, perception of the world, different points of view, correct and incorrect decisions, and actions. We all challenge kindness in Eternity, regardless of everyone's beliefs and religions. We are looking for the aspiration and holidays of a SOUL.

We all coming to the Great Holliday Season. And the whole world is waiting for the Miracle of Hope to come on a New Year. We wish you and your family a Happy Holidays! We hope that your New Year will be filled with Peace, new ideas, and success!

These days, the Editors of the «Journal of Internal Medicine Science and Art,» a new journal born in the tough 2020, are fully confident in this journal project's viability and success, its effectiveness in the professional informational space of medical professionals, and experts.

We are opened to new scientific and clinical research discussions and ideas. We, under no circumstances, will put up with informational deprivation. We are pleased with your desire to share research findings, new ideas, discuss results and cases with the international medical community to benefit our patients.

We welcome international cooperation in the critical fields of Global Human Health using our journal's pages. We are open to effective partnerships with authors, experts, reviewers, and medical practitioners to advance medical knowledge.

We appreciate everyone who contributed to our success this year. It has been an honor and a pleasure working with you! We are thankful for your professionalism, science, and educational support; that was a real pleasure working with you. Thank you for the opportunity to serve you!

As the year ends, we think our relationship will continue in 2021: we are looking forward to contributing to the future medical field's success. 

Our sincerest warm greetings, and all good wishes to you; let your days be filled with happiness, success, and prosperity in the coming NEW Year!

"Every end is a new beginning."
Temozolamide como Adyuvancia en Glioblastoma - ¿por cuánto tiempo?
Authors: Villegas-Mejía Carlos Raúl , Villegas Jaramillo Manuel , Villegas Jaramillo Pedro
Published: November 2020

Introducción: el glioblastoma multiforme se considera altamente letal, donde la duración óptima de quimioterapia adyuvante con base en temozolamide no ha sido definida.

Objetivo: evaluar la sobrevida según la duración de quimioterapia adyuvante basada en el esquema estándar de plataforma Stupp.

Material y métodos: análisis de cohorte retrospectiva de 299 tumores del sistema nervioso central de alto grado, valorados en Oncólogos del Occidente enfocado sólo a glioblastoma multiforme según variables clínicas, terapéuticas y de resultados.

Resultados: ciento noventa y tres pacientes con glioblastoma, 84 (44%) recibieron manejo estándar tipo plataforma Stupp; edad media 54 años; hombres 55%; tamaño tumoral medio 28.79 mm2; hemisferio derecho 48%; 21% cruzaban línea media; 33% presentaron convulsiones y 42% déficit neurológico; 55% Karnofsky menor a 70% y 66% clasificación RPA IV; 77% recibieron radioterapia con 60.00 Gys o mayor; 19% presentaron complicaciones; resección parcial 79% y 12% total; 77% recayeron; al cierre 57% se encontraban vivos, sobrevida global de 26% y media de 26 meses con diferencia de 31 meses para adyuvancia en  a 6 meses y 30 meses en adyuvancia  a 12 meses sin alcanzar mediana en los grupos  de 18 y 24 meses favoreciendo en todos al grupo de mayor tiempo.

Conclusión: se demuestra aumento claro en la sobrevida con el empleo de temozolamide adyuvante por periodos mayores a seis meses y una tendencia a mejores resultados mientras mayor sea el tiempo de adyuvancia.
Infarto agudo al miocardio asociado al uso de cocaína
Authors: Córdoba Pulido Natalia , MORENO RUIZ NELSON LEANDRO
Published: November 2020

El abuso de cocaína se asocia con un mayor riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares, como infarto de miocardio y accidente cerebrovascular isquémico. Los mecanismos fisiopatológicos no se entienden completamente, aunque la formación de trombos intravasculares y la aterosclerosis acelerada son hallazgos destacados. Reportamos a un hombre de 38 años adicto a la cocaína, que presentó eventos isquémicos caracterizados por infarto agudo de miocardio complicado por insuficiencia cardíaca. Se discute la fisiopatología del daño vascular inducido por la cocaína y el manejo de las complicaciones.
Dermatosis ampollosa hemorrágica a distancia
Authors: Hernández-Sómerson Mario Andrés , Ortiz-Arroyo Jaime
Published: November 2020

DERMATOSIS AMPOLLOSA HEMORRÁGICA A DISTANCIA
APPENDICEAL MUCOCOELE WITH PARTIAL NON ROTATION OF GUT – A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Bhagvat Shirish , Dhimole Nikhil
Published: November 2020

Mucocoele of appendix and partial non-rotation of gut are rare pathological entities, and when they are present together they pose diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties due to atypical clinical presentation. This dilemma of varied clinical presentation can lead to delayed diagnosis and complications, thereby adversely affecting patient management and outcome. We report a 33 year old lady, presenting with intermittent abdominal pain in the periumbillical since 3 months diagnosed to have an appendiceal mucocoele with partial non rotation of gut on imaging. The patient underwent laparoscopic appendectomy and was discharged on post operative day 1 following an uneventful course with no recurrence on 6 months of follow up. Histopathology of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of mucocoele of appendix with no evidence of malignancy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of mucocoele of appendix with partial non rotation of gut managed with minimally invasive laparoscopic approach.
PROMPT RECOGNITION OF STUMPAPPENDICITIS IS IMPORTANT TO AVOID SERIOUS COMPLICATIONS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: S Anil Kumar M , Manohar D. Shiva
Published: November 2020

Retroperitoneal abscess is a rare condition which is difficult to diagnose and treat because of its insidious onset. Herein, we present a case of retroperitoneal abscess secondary to stump appendicitis. A 50-year-old female was admitted with history of abdominal pain more in the right lower quadrant for 1 week. History of fever present since week associated with chills, History of poor stream of urine for 1 week, not associated with burning micturition. Her past medical history showed a laparoscopic appendectomy operation performed 5 months ago. Computed tomography of abdomen and pelvis showed features suggestive of right psoas abscess with possible communication with the tubular structure arising from IC junction (? appendicular stump), Ill-defined peripherally enhancing collection in presacral region and bilateral ischiorectal region -? Abscess. CECT Abdomen and pelvis showed right mild Hydroureteronephrosis. Cystoscopy + DJ stenting was done post which Exploration with drainage of retroperitoneal abscess with stump appendectomy done on 15/2/19. Intraoperatively 50cc pus with caseous material was drained, psoas was bulky. 3cm appendicular stump was noted, dissected, ligated and buried. A drain was placed in the site of the operation. Post-operative course was uneventful and he was discharged 9 days after surgery. The histologic evaluation reported suppurative stump appendicitis. Residual long stump of the appendix after appendectomy might lead to persistence of infection and possibly late complications such as intraperitoneal, retroperitoneal or iliopsoas abscess. Surgical exploration may be necessary in persistent cases of Retroperitoneal abscess, to allow for recognition and treatment of the underlying pathology.
FEEDING PRACTICES OF MOTHERS OF CHILDREN AGED 6 MONTHS TO 2 YEARS : A CROSS SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kaur Amardip , Saini Ritish , Gupta Suman , Kaur Sandeep
Published: November 2020

Background and Objectives: Infant and young child nutrition is extremely important as it is required for good health throughout the life. The purpose of the study was to assess the current infant feeding practices in children between the age group of 6 months –2 years, to find the reason for inappropriate complementary feeding practices and to assess the knowledge of mothers regarding complementary feeding. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (AIMSR), Bathinda. Data was collected by interviewing 300 mothers on a pre-designed, semi-structured proforma with specific questionnaire. Results: Among 300 children studied, 78% of children were exclusively breastfed, 11.3% of children were mixed fed and 10.7% were top fed. In our study, 65.3 % mothers had adequate milk, so they introduced complementary feed at later age; 16.7% mothers were unaware about the weaning schedule; In 13.3% cases, child refused to eat; Poverty in 3.3% cases; traditional belief in 0.7% and inability to digest feed in 0.7% cases were the reason for late introduction of complementary feed. Conclusion: From data collected in our study, its important that regular counselling of mothers, their family members or friends is done regarding feeding practices, proper hygiene, what to do and what not to do during complementary feeding period. This counselling can be done during antenatal visits, during hospital stay and postnatal visits. This will help in managing knowledge gaps still persisting among society regarding feeding practices.
Traduzione di A presença dos dias / La presenza dei giorni
Authors: Alves Adalberto
Published: November 2020

Adalberto Alves is an internationally renowned Portuguese poet, translator and arabist essayist and he is the author of a wide literary activity. The collection of aphorisms A presença dos dias / La presenza dei giorni is presented here for the first time in Italian translation. It is one of his most fascinating literary works aimed at those who want to know the western and eastern philosophical world of Adalberto Alves.
Is “Public Interest” a Conceptual Category of Contemporary Polish Procedural Criminal Law?
Authors: Paluszkiewicz Hanna
Published: November 2020

This study aims at presenting conceptual category named “public interest” under the Polish procedural criminal law. The concept of “public interest”, which is the subject of this analysis, is treated as an indefinite term, functioning as a general clause, whose the task of which is to render a legal text more “flexible” by referring to a set of values outside of the system.

The term “public interest” is no longer used in the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The legislator still uses many other general clauses, including the “social interest” clause. The analysis of cases in which this clause is used shows that, in fact, these two conceptual categories may not be equated, should not be used interchangeably, and are not synonymous. Although the term “public interest” is no longer a statutory term under the Code of Criminal Procedure, given the fact that it expresses values such as respect for the law and the rule of law, it should be assumed that by proper shaping of the criminal trial model and ensuring that entities performing the role of public interest advocates participate in it, these values are – at least potentially – protected. State prosecutors, in their capacity of public interest advocates and in order to properly discharge their duty to uphold the rule of law, should maintain organizational independence and procedural impartiality.
USE OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS AND AGGLOMERATIVE HIERARCHY CLUSTERING TO STUDY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALPHA AMYLASE AND STARCH DURING FERMENTATION OF OGI FROM MAIZE, SORGHUM AND ACHA
Authors: Malomo Adekunbi A. , Olaniyi Omowumi I. , Olaniran Abiola F. , Abiose Sunbo H.
Published: November 2020

Ogi, a popular breakfast cereal and weaning food in West Africa was produced from maize, acha and sorghum. Ogi was produced from the three cereals and the gruels obtained were subjected to fermentation. The total starch content and alpha amylase activity during the period of fermentation of the ogi slurries were evaluated using standard methods. Total starch content was determined at 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h and α-amylase activity was also determined at 10 oC, 20 oC, 30 oC, 40 oC at 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. The outcome of the research showed that α-amylase activity increased with increase in temperature and was highest in maize ogi (1.507 – 4.458 E. U) while acha ogi (0.497 – 3.219 E. U) had the lowest α-amylase activity . The starch content decreased with increase in time of fermentation time and was highest in maize ogi while acha ogi had the lowest. This shows that the higher the temperature of fermentation and longer fermentation time can increase the breakdown of starch by α-amylase in ogi slurry. The result of the Principal component analysis (PCA) showed distinct similarity in maize and acha. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering grouped acha into two groups (groups one and two) but grouped all maize and sorghum ogi samples together into group three. Due to the low starch content and low α-amylase activity observed in acha, it could be utilized in the production of gluten-free ogi with low glycemic index especially for vulnerable groups.
TEXTURIZED SOY PROTEIN AS AN ALTERNATIVE LOW-COST MEDIA FOR BACTERIA CULTIVATION
Authors: Cruz Carlos Henrique da Silva , Santos Jessica Bezerra dos , Santos Francielle Penha dos , Silva Gabriel Macedo Magalhães , Cruz Eduardo Felipe Nascimento da , Ramos Gustavo Luis de Paiva Anciens , Nascimento Janaína dos Santos
Published: November 2020

Most of the culture media used in bacterial growth is composed of complex ingredients, increasing the value of the product. This makes its acquisition unavailable by educational institutions without sufficient funding, making even more difficult the practical teaching of microbiology. Therefore, the development of an alternative medium of simple composition and low-cost becomes necessary. This work aimed to use texturized soy protein (TSP) as a low cost culture medium that allows the bacterial growth. For the composition of the broths, concentrations between 0.5% and 10% were prepared. Thirty-eight bacteria, including important pathogens associated with food, were inoculated and the concentration of 7.5% TSP allowed the growth of 100% of the tested bacteria, with a production cost of approximately 86% and 68% lower than tryptic soy broth and agar, respectively. This work demonstrates that the use of a culture medium of easy acquisition and low cost is feasible and has good results.
Entamoeba Histolytica Cohabiting Colonic carcinoma -A rare case report
Authors: Mukesh Kalla  , Komal Kalla  , Menka Kapil  , Pankaj Shrimal  , Aman Manocha  , Alok Verma  , Ganesh Agarwal
Published: November 2020

Endameba histolytic a of the gastrointestinal tract is common in developing countries. There are many cases where colonic amebiasis can mimic colonic carcinoma but amebiasis and coexisting carcinoma is exceedingly rare. We present a case of 43 years old male who presented with abdominal pain, generalized weakness and bleeding per rectum. Endoscopic examination showed superficial ulceration with edematous mucosa in proximal, transverse and ascending colon which was indistinguishable from ulceration and amebomas. Histopathological examination of tissue revealed the coexistence of Endameba trophozoites with adenocarcinoma of colon. The organism was demonstrated by Periodic Acid Schiff’s stain with engulfed red blood cell. Our report is to enhance the awareness that amebiasis is may not only mimic carcinoma but can also coexist with carcinoma. After extensive search of literature, our isolated case report might be under tenth of reported cases.

Keywords: Amoebiasis; Endameba histolytic; Carcinoma
Influence of Human Resource Development Skills Towards Work Performance of Agriculture Extension Agent
Authors: Arif Shah Jasmin , Mohamed Haris Nur Bahiah , Abd Rahman Muhammad Faiq Hafiz
Published: November 2020

Agriculture extension primarily deals with the human resource development (HRD) skills as well as knowledge. In the agriculture scope, all extension agents must have the knowledge, training, and skills to fulfil the requirement as a good agricultural extension agent. As the profession of extension agents continues to grow, it is important to know the human resource development (HRD) skills gained by the extension agent of agriculture to measure their performance in the extension job. Thus, this study determines the influence of human resource development (HRD) skills factor with work performance among agriculture extension agent. This is descriptive and correlational research design. Using a quantitative survey methodology consists of 5 sections of questions (A, B, C, D and E). 182 respondents were participated in this study as a sample. Simple random sampling technique has been used to choose the sample. Data has been gathered from the respondents using a self-administered questionnaire. Data has been analysed using IBM SPSS version 25 to indicate the descriptive and inferential methods. In results, the level of HRD skills and performance of agricultural extension agent is moderate. All HRD skills show a positive and high correlation with agriculture extension agent work performance. The highest factor contributing to work performance is social skills followed by decision-making skills. The two factors from HRD skills (social and decision making) accounted for 72% significantly to the performance of the agriculture extension agent job. The main purpose of this study is to provide beneficial information’s for the extension agents, respondents and organizational framework in term of relationship between the work performance towards the agriculture sector in Malaysia. This study provides insights into the theory and practice of agriculture extension agents in Malaysia.
Using Seaweed Base Organic Fertilizer as Yield Booster at Volcanic Soil: Effect on Soil Quality and Yield of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin)
Authors: Narayasamy Sures a/l , Jalloh Mohamadu Boyie
Published: November 2020

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is a bushy herb native to the tropical region of Asia, and now cultivated for its essential oil usually used in perfume manufacturing. It also widely used throughout the world as treating skin conditions, relieving depression, controlling appetite, and antifungal agents. It also cultivated commercially in Tawau, Sabah for exporting purposes with average oil production up to 26-29 mt per acre in 2016. As they enter the second and third harvesting cycle, the yield started to decline and reach 2.6 mt of oil per acre. This drop-in yield is thought to be either due to soil variabilities, low nutrient levels in volcanic soil, and also diseases. Soil nutrient analysis and leaf coloration patterns are studied before conducting the study. Seaweed extract, banana peel, the mixture of Seaweed extract and banana peel, and pre-formulated 12-12-12 (N-P-K) organic fertilizer (PFF) fertilizer treatments were engaged in the Patchouli plot field experiment. Besides, the agronomical practice for the cultivation of Patchouli is well studied or documented. The pre-study showed that the study plot has a very low conductivity level, a very low level of organic Carbon and low Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) level. Meanwhile, there were no diseases or nematode occurrences in the area. Plant height, soil pH, and soil conductivity were studied with all the four treatments that have shown a positive significant impact compared with standard estate practice. The treatments using seaweed and seaweed mixture had the highest significant level for soil conductivity with the conductivity improve from 43 to 480 micro Siemens (μS/cm) but it reduces the soil pH. Whereas, plant height data analysis showed that the seaweed mixture was significantly different compared with other treatments at a 0.05 level. Hence, we recommend the Patchouli plantation to use organic fertilizers especially seaweed-based since it is cheap and easily available in Sabah.
Towards Cultivating Black Pepper Using Geospatial Technology for Growth Monitoring and Mapping: A Review for Small Scale Practice in Malaysia
Authors: Kamsan Siti Zul Lailee , Zainol @ Abdullah Wan Nor Zanariah , Shamsudin Rosnah
Published: November 2020

Amendment in black pepper cultivation is crucial to level up the productivity of this crop. Implementation of geospatial technology on black pepper cultivation which also classified as small scale agricultural activity is seen to enhance their production. In this paper, we use a comprehensive study on journal papers, conference proceedings, formal web sites and books as fundamental sources of information. Firstly, the study review on black pepper current situation in Malaysia and related producer countries. Secondly, it focused on geospatial technology especially on remote sensing and crop growth monitoring that have been implemented and well established. Lastly, limitation to implement this technology on black pepper cultivation in Malaysia situation was discussed. Therefore, it is predicted that geospatial technology will enhance black pepper productivity and implementation of this technology on small scale cultivation requires consolidation from various agencies since it requires high investment and foundation.
Evaluación de la Morfologí­a de los Conductos Radiculares en Incisivos Inferiores en una Muestra de la Población Guatemalteca. Mediante el uso de la Tomografí­a Computarizada de Haz Cónico
Authors: Sandoval Ortiz Astrid Priscilla , Alvarado Barrios Carlos Guillermo , Pineda Palacios Kenneth Roderico
Published: November 2020

El propósito de este estudio fue observar y describir la morfologí­a más frecuente de los conductos radiculares en incisivos inferiores en la población guatemalteca utilizando tomografí­a computarizada de haz cónico
La muestra de 700 imágenes de CBCT, con un campo de visión de 12x12, de pacientes que fueron atendidos para diagnóstico en un centro radiológico de Guatemala, se analizaron. Se evaluaron un total de 1603 incisivos inferiores.
Los observadores fueron previamente calibrados, se evaluaron los cortes axial, coronal y sagital, para determinar la morfologí­a de los conductos radiculares de los incisivos inferiores (centrales y laterales) según la clasificación de Vertucci.
De los 749 centrales y 775 laterales inferiores observados, se encontraron que 1524 (95%) poseí­an un conducto y 79 (5%) dos conductos. La clasificación de Vertucci más prevalente fue tipo I (95%) seguida de tipo III (3%), tipo V (1%), tipo II (1%) los tipos VI, VII y VIII no se encontraron en este estudio. En cuanto al género fue mayor el porcentaje de observar dos conductos en hombres que en mujeres según la prueba estadí­stica de Chi cuadrado la significancia estadí­stica fue de 0.003.
Hubo una variación en la morfologí­a del conducto radicular sin embargo ninguno presentó dos raí­ces.
ТНЕ BASICS OF CLIМATOTHERAPY, А MODERN VIEW OF ТНЕ PROSPECTS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT IN CRIMEA, ТНЕ ROLE OF ТНЕ RESTORATION OF ТНЕ EVPATORIA BIOCLIМATIC STATION AS ТНЕ CRIMEAN CENTER OF CLIМATOLOGY
Authors: Golubova Т. F. , Kreslov А. I.
Published: November 2020

Climate is an active, powerful factor that can have a powerful therapeutic effect. Climatotherapy is prescribed for the purpose of General strengthening effects on the body, to stimulate its defenses, increase non-specific resistance, especially in chronic or sluggish pathological processes. The effect of climate therapy is manifested in the body's responses to environmental factors, the main condition of which is the use of physiologically based methods of dosing climate procedures. The bioclimatic station (BCS) of the resort of Yevpatoria carries out meteorological observations of medical orientation and their dosing. The creation of a modern center of climatotherapy, as a scientific-clinical Department of medical climatology on the basis of the BCS will allow to organize a single service on introduction of modern methods of climatotherapy in Evpatoria and the Republic of Crimea, improve the quality of the holiday of climateprotection and effectiveness of climatotherapy.
TAXONOMIC FEATURES OF THE FLORA OF THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA
Authors: Ivanova A. V. , Vasyukov V. M. , Kostina N. V. , Gorbushina T. V. , Novikova L. A. , Lysenko T. M.
Published: November 2020

Penza region is located in the southwestern part of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga. Its territory occupies mainly Penza region is located in the southwestern part of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga. Its territory occupies mainly the western slopes of the Volga Upland and, to a lesser extent, the Oka-Don Lowland. It belongs to two large river basins: the Volga (the Sura and the Moksha rivers) and the Don (the Khoper and the Vorona rivers). The southwestern part of the region (the Khopra river basin) is located within the subzone of grass-turfgrass steppes of the steppe zone; the territory of the south of Penza region, belonging to the Sura River basin is located in the forest-steppe zone. The flora of the region includes more than 1700 species of vascular plants and belongs to the Rosaceae-type. The authors applied the method based on determining reference flora to identify local floristic features of the south of Penza region. This method had been tested by the research group earlier for studying the forest-steppe zone of the Samara Trans-Volga region (Sok and Melekess Stavropol physical and geographical areas). In result of the field trip results (2014–2019) in the southern and southwestern parts of Penza region the authors distinguished three reference flora groups, namely, the Tamala, Malaya Serdoba, and Kuncherovo flora. Their taxonomic features were compared with the seven reference flora groups previously identified in the Samara-Ulyanovsk Volga region. The spectra of the families of the reference flora groups of the southern areas of Penza region demonstrate the Fabaceae type of flora, despite the fact that the flora of the entire territory of Penza region belongs to the Rosaceae type. the genera Carex L. and Galium L., as well as the genera Salix L., Campanula L. and Veronica L. are the most numerous in the generic spectrum. The genus Vicia L. dominates in the Fabaceae family; Astragalus L. takes the 2nd or 3rd place (in various reference flora groups). The size of the Rosaceae family is determined by the abundance of the genus Potentilla L., as well as the total number of genera of this family. The Asteraceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, and Chenopodiaceae families take the first four places in the spectrum of families of the adventive fraction of flora in the studied territory
VARIATION OF INDONESIAN ACRONYM FORMATION ON THE NEWSPAPERS IN NORTH SUMATERA
Authors: Deliani Susy , Sutikno Sutikno , Sahril Sahril
Published: November 2020

This research contributes to the development of acronym formations in Indonesian that are in accordance with the patterns of acronym formation in newspapers in North Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the acronym formation that are obedient to the pattern of acronym formations in Indonesian and how to overcome or find solutions to the problem of non-conformity in the process of acronym formations in Indonesian. This study uses the Research And Development Method (R & D). The research procedure is descriptive in nature with the steps as follow: 1) Potentials and problems: R & D departs from the problem of inconsistencies in the acronym formations in Indonesian, this is a potential and a problem. 2) Gathering Information: researchers collect information from various dailies published in North Sumatra and hold FGDs with Indonesian lecturers and teachers. The results show that there are acronym formations that do not adhere to the principles of Indonesian. The observation conducted by the researcher shows that daily events that occur in society contribute to the birth of these kinds of acronyms. Acronyms that do not obey the principles will lead to irregular Indonesian vocabulary and do not meet the requirements of a good language. The formulations of the problems in this research are: 1. What are the forms of acronyms that do not comply with the principles of newspapers in North Sumatra. 2. How are the forms of acronyms that do not comply with the principles of Acronym Formation in Indonesian. The results of this study found that several acronym formation processes in Indonesian are not aligned with the pattern of acronym formations in Indonesian.
SINGLE-PORT VIDEO-ASSISTED THORACOSCOPIC LOBECTOMIES IN SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR LUNG CANCER
Authors: Arsenev Andrey , Zagryadskikh A. , Gelfond V. , Gagua K. , Kostitsyn K. , Tarkov S. , Kanaev Sergey , Barchuk Anton , Nefedov Andrey , Nefedova A.
Published: November 2020

This paper summarizes recent Russian and international literature describing endoscopic surgical methods in lung cancer management, particularly, video-assisted lung anatomic resection with different approaches. Own experience of 72 video-assisted single-port lobectomies of stage I-II lung cancer patients is presented. The mean operating time in the second part of the learning curve (40 last procedures) was 90.3, statistically not different from the time of open procedure. Mean blood loss was 98,3 ml. Mean number of lymph nodes was similar in video-assisted single port and open group (14,2 vs 14,8). The conversion rate was 2,8% (2 cases). Only 5 (6,9%) non-lethal complication were associated with thoracoscopic procedure -pneumonia and 4 cases of arrhythmias. The duration of air leak was 2,3 days. The duration of chest drain use was 4,6 days. Postoperative pain was minimal, pain-killers were used not more than 2-3 days after surgery. Patients were ready to be discharges in 5, 8 days.
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS OF BILATERAL BREAST CANCER
Authors: Bekhtereva Svetlana , Imyanitov Yevgeniy , Vazhenin Andrey , Domozhirova Alla , Yaytsev Sergey
Published: November 2020

The problem of primary multiplicity of malignant tumors remains actual in oncology due to growing number of patients with polyneoplasia especially of the breast. Modern genetic studies use “genetically enriched” cases of cancer, which include in particular primary-multiple malignant tumors of the breast. Practically every tumor has an individual set of somatic mutations and genetic mechanisms of breast cancer appearance are very different. The multicentre study shows the role of recessive determinants of the predisposition to bilateral breast cancer without a family history. The obtained data could be used in clinical practice as a secondary prevention of breast cancer.
PREDICTIVE FACTORS IN THE CHOICE OF SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR COLORECTAL CANCER WITH LAPAROSCOPIC OR "OPEN" ACCESS
Authors: Topuzov Rustem , Manikhas Georgiy , Topuzov Eskender , Khanevich Mikhail , Abdulaev Magomed , Yerokhina Yelena , Kislitsyna Olga , Fridman M.
Published: November 2020

There are presented results of surgical treatment of 347 patients with colorectal cancer. Based on the retrospective analysis a comparative study of results of surgical treatment for colorectal cancer using laparoscopic technologies and “open” access was carried out. Predictive factors that correlate with the risk of postoperative complications with laparoscopic and “open” access at the surgical stage of treatment for colorectal cancer were determined.
MOLECULAR-BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MEDULLOBLASTOMA AND THEIR PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: Druy Aleksandr , Papusha Lyudmila , Salnikova Yekaterina , Olshanskaya Yuliya , Maschan Aleksey
Published: November 2020

Medulloblastoma is more frequent central nervous system malignancy in childhood. It is characterized by wide range of clinical heterogeneity, response to therapy and outcome. Many authors demonstrated prognostic significance of clinical, morphological, cytogenetic and molecular-biological features of the tumor. Implementation of high-throughput molecular-genetic techniques allows the medulloblastoma patients discrimination into 4 independent subgroups with distinct source of histogenesis, molecular pathogenesis, clinical manifestation and outcome. This review is devoted to molecular-biological features of medulloblastoma, underlying its clinical heterogeneity and forming the basis for individualized risk adapted and targeted treatment.
STEREOTACTIC HYPO-FRACTIONAL RADIOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER I-IIA CLINICAL STAGE: THE ROLE OF SUVMAX ASSESSMENT IN 18F-FDG PET/CT FOR MONITORING TREATMENT OUTCOMES
Authors: Borisova Tatyana , Allakhverdiev Arif , Gerasimov Yuriy , Meshcheryakova Nadezhda , Dolgushin Mikhail , Breder Valeriy , Laktionov Konstantin , Alieva Sevil , Ivanov Stanislav , Tkachev Sergey , Nazarenko Aleksey , Loraeva S.
Published: November 2020

Material and methods: Since 2014, 33 patients with lung cancer of clinical stage I-IIa (cT1N0M0 - 12 patients, with T2N0M0 - 21 patients) have undergone SRT. Verification of tumor process was obtained in 30 patients. A third of patients (n = 10) had a history of metachronic primary-multiple tumors and 31 patients had peripheral lung cancer. The used variants of SRT fractionation were as followed: 10Gr x 5 fractions (n = 22) and 7Gr x 8 fractions (n = 11) - BED 100Gy.
Results: With a median follow-up of 21 months (range 3-37 months), 4 patients (12 %) within the first year had a loco-regional and distant progression, of which two died. During the year one patient died from complications of treatment, one - from the progression of the second tumor. One- and two-year local control was 94 %. Overall and disease-free 2-year survival was 84 % (95 % CI, 70 - 99) and 83.2 % (95 % CI, 70.5 - 99), respectively. Single-factor analysis revealed a significant effect on the overall survival of the fractionation regimen (p = 0.04). The effect of the baseline SUVmax tended to be reliable (p = 0.07).
Conclusions: In order to implement the principles of risk-adaptive radiation therapy it is necessary to consider the initial SUVmax of tumor as one of potential predictive and predicative markers of treatment effectiveness.
THE PATH TO PERSONALIZED TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Kit Oleg , Shatova Yuliana , Frantsiyants Yelena , Novikova Inna , Zlatnik Yelena , Vashchenko Larisa , Vladimirova Lyubov , Dzhenkova Yelena , Nikolaeva Nadezhda
Published: November 2020

Risk factors, p53, bcl-2, Topo2α, E-cadgerin, androgen receptor's expression, estrodiol, estron, testosterone, progesterone, prolactin, estrogen methabolitis, sex-steroid connecting globulin, growth factors: VEGF, EGF, TGFß1, IGF1, IGF2, plasmin, plasminogen, u-PA, t-PA, PAI-1 levels in the tumor and perifocal tissue, population and subpopulation structure of the lymphocytes in peripheral blood, tumor and perifocal tissue, ploidy and cell cycle estimating among the 850 patients with different biologic breast cancer subtypes were tested. «Statistica 7.0» and MedCalc (version 9.3.5.0) were used for the statistical analysis. The results showed that it was impossible to analyze breast cancer only as a biological subtype according to the typical IGC. It was needed to use and other external and internal factors, determine biologic tumor behavior in complex with menstrual state of a woman. Only such way allowed developing the preventive services according tumor biological characteristics and patient's individual parameters and going to really personalized treatment and improving its results.
NEW SURGICAL ASPECTS OF ORGAN-PRESERVING TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH INVASIVE CERVICAL CANCER AFTER RADICAL TRACHELECTOMY
Authors: Chernyshova Alena , Kolomiets Larisa , Gyunter Viktor , Marchenko Yekaterina
Published: November 2020

Objectives: strengthening of the lower uterine segment and formation of a “closing apparatus” for carrying a subsequent pregnancy in the absence of the cervix in patients with cervical cancer after conserving treatment in the amount of radical transabdominal trachelectomy. Materials and Research Methods: the study included 54 patients with cervical cancer of stage I in the reproductive age who received treatment in the amount of radical transabdominal trachelectomy (RTT). In the course of surgery in the amount of RTT, after an imposition of an utero-vaginal anastomosis, the strengthening of the lower uterine segment by setting and fixing a mesh of NiTi and its modelling within the range from the lower uterine segment to the upper third of the vagina was performed. Results: with regard to the issue of strengthening the uterovaginal anastomosis, the implant took over the function of the basic “closing apparatus” of the uterine and provided functional support and stability of the utero-vaginal anastomosis against the effects of intrauterine and intraperitoneal pressure. Conclusion: the usefulness of a mesh implant of the superelastic NiTi was due to its biomechanical properties: it was not absorbed but got fused with the surrounding tissue and provided resistance of tissues to excessive strain.
FOLLICULAR T-HELPER LYMPHOCYTES AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN CANCER
Authors: Lyapunova Liliya , Tashireva Lyubov , Perelmuter Vladimir
Published: November 2020

The variety of cells, which are presented in the tumor microenvironment complicate comprehension of their effects. The population of T-helper lymphocytes has also expressed heterogeneity. However it becomes clearer that effects of separate cells are defined by their role in formation together with other participants the corresponding type of immuno-inflammatory reaction in a microenvironment. The follicular T-helper lymphocytes that are in tumor both in the structure of the tertiary lymphoid structures that have the architectonics of the lymph node and outside of them are not an exception. This review presents the history of discovery follicular T-helper cells population and stages of their maturation, describes feature of phenotype and considers heterogeneity inside subset of these cells. Furthermore the data about correlation between follicular T-helper cells and tumor disease are presented.
THE PARIS SYSTEM FOR REPORTING URINARY CYTOPATHOLOGY
Authors: Savostikova Marina , Kudaybergenova Asel , Artemeva Anna , Fedoseeva Ye.
Published: November 2020

The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology developed by the joint efforts of cytologists, pathologists and urologists in April 2016 is presented in this paper. Seven accepted categories of cytological diagnoses, the risk of malignancy and recommended clinical management of patients with urinary pathology are described.
COMPLETE CLINICAL RESPONSE OF RECTAL CANCER TO CHEMORADIOTHERAPY: TACTICS
Authors: Kit Oleg , Gevorkyan Yuriy , Soldatkina Natalya , Gusareva Marina , Kharagezov Dmitriy , Milakin Anton , Ilchenko Sergey
Published: November 2020

We analyzed literature data and our results of preoperative radiotherapy for 179 patients with resectable rectal cancer T2-4N0-2M0.
The purpose of the study was to analyze the complete clinical response to chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer.
The results showed the advantages of monitoring patients with complete clinical response before total mesorectumectomy: no complications and deaths after surgery; absence of a syndrome of low anterior resection of the rectum and dysfunction of the pelvic organs; low intestinal stoma rates; similar overall survival of patients. The problems associated with the “Watch and Wait” tactics were: absence of standardized criteria for including patients in the protocol and absence of the standard protocol of treatment; no reliable criteria for the complete clinical response; high recurrence rates.
Thus the “Watch and Wait” approach could be applied during a clinical study at a reference center with a multidisciplinary medical team; otherwise, total mesorectumectomy should be used as the standard treatment for rectal cancer.
NUCLEAR LOCALIZATION OF CRABP1 IN NEUROENDOCRINE LUNG TUMORS IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEGREE OF TUMOR MALIGNANCY
Authors: Delektorskaya Vera , Komelkov Andrey , Zborovskaya Irina , Chevkina Yelena , Yenikeev A. , Safronova V.
Published: November 2020

Bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) refer to malignant epithelial neoplasms of neuroendocrine origin, which form highly heterogeneous group with respect to biological behavior and clinical manifestations. Three main categories of different grades of malignancy are distinguished in the diagnosis of lung NETs: typical carcinoids (TK), atypical carcinoids (AK) and the most aggressive low-differentiated tumors including small-cell and large-cell neuroendocrine lung carcinomas. These groups differ in terms of disease prognosis and therapeutic approaches, but the criteria currently used do not always allow clear boundaries between different histological variants. The search for additional diagnostic parameters and individual prognosis markers is currently actual for the grading and optimal classification of NETs. For the first time we studied the expression of Retinoic Acid Binding Protein-1 (CRABP1) in different variants of lung NETs. IHC analysis of 43 samples of lung NETs with various degrees of differentiation and grades revealed the statistically significant correlation between nuclear localization of CRABP1 and proliferation index «Ki-67» and tumor grade. The results pointed on the involvement of CRABP1 in the pathogenesis of lung NETs and indicated the need for further investigation of the relationship of the nuclear CRABP1 with clinical parameters and patient survival to determine whether this protein can be used as a marker for differential diagnosis and/or disease prognosis.
ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF SEXUAL DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTATE CANCER AFTER SURGICAL AND COMPLEX TREATMENT
Authors: Povelitsa Eduard , Nitkin Dmitriy , Anichkin Vladimir , Zalutskiy I. , Dosta N.
Published: November 2020

Objective: Analysis of the causes of sexual disorders in patients with prostate cancer after combination therapy.
Material and Methods: 30 patients with prostate cancer were examined after 1-2 years of antitumor treatment including radical prostatectomy and/or radiation and glandular therapy. The comparative group consisted of 15 healthy men. Immuneenzyme analysis was used for detection of sexual hormone status; ultrasound and dopplergraphic methods as well as radiation method were conducted for angiographic study of pool vessels of the inner pudendal artery. Denervation disturbances in the pool of the inner sexual artery were diagnosed by the conduction of the applicative electroneuromyographic studies of the penis.
Results: According to research conducted in 100% of cases within patients with prostate cancer erectile and sexual dysfunction were detected after combination therapy, which was not detected before therapy. Sporadic usage of the Vth type of phosphodiesterase inhibitors by patients with erectile dysfunction of severe form did not lead to improvement of potency. The main cause of erectile and sexual dysfunction in patients with prostate cancer was an aggressive antitumor therapy, which led to the development of stenosis in 100% of cases, occlusion in the pool of internal pudendal artery and in 100% cases to sensory-motor disorders of innervation of the penis. Maximum androgen blockade aggravated sexual dysfunctions within the patients with prostate cancer.
Conclusion: Denervation and hemodynamically significant perfusion disturbances in the pool of the inner pudendal artery within the patients with prostate cancer after surgical and combination therapy lead to erectile and sexual dysfunction. The only possible mean of sexual rehabilitation of patients with prostate cancer after antitumor treatment is the endoprosthesis of penis.
LOW-DOSE-RATE OR HIGH-DOSE-RATE BRACHYTHERAPY IN COMBINATION WITH EXTERNAL BEAM RADIOTHERAPY FOR INTERMEDIATE AND HIGH-RISK PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Solodkiy Vladimir , Pavlov Andrey , Tsybulskiy Aleksey , Ivashin Anton
Published: November 2020

Introduction. One of the main problems of modem on-courology is treatment for prostate cancer of intermediate and high risk of progression. Modern radiotherapy in this category of patients has an advantage over surgical methods of treatment. One way to improve the effectiveness of radiotherapy is to escalate the dose in the prostate gland. For this purpose a combination of brachytherapy and remote radiotherapy is used. This combination allows increasing the dose of radiation, thereby providing better local control, reducing complications from neighboring organs.
Purpose of the study. To conduct a comparative analysis of efficacy and safety of radical treatment of patients with prostate cancer at medium and high risk of progression using a combination of high and low dose rate brachytherapy with external beam radiotherapy.
Materials and methods. 107 patients with prostate cancer of the group of medium and high risk of progression combined treatment (brachytherapy with external beam radiotherapy) was conducted. 53 patients underwent combined treatment (HDR-brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy). 54 patients underwent combined treatment (LDR-brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy). The observation period was 5 years.
Conclusion. In a comparative analysis in groups of combined radiotherapy with the use of high-dose and low-dose-rate brachytherapy, the same effectiveness of immediate and long-term results of treatment was demonstrated. A significant reduction in early and late toxic reactions in patients with high-power brachytherapy has been demonstrated.