bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geodynamic and structural factors of porphyritic objects localization in Sikhote-Alin
Authors: Nevstruyev Viktor , Kozlova Olga
Published: September 2018

Ore bearing porphyritic systems of Sikhote-Alin form linear zones in Cretaceous volcanic belt. They are limited to zones of tectonic disturbances at Moho depths of 19-25 mi (30-40 km). Pacific slab lies at around 340 miles (548 km) below the volcanic belt, which matches the slab depth of porphyritic deposits formation belts in the Andes and Indonesia-Tonga region. Formation of porphyry copper systems is linked to the processes of metalliferous fluids intrusion at slab destruction areas near asthenosphere.
Diamond based quantum technologies
Authors: Jelezko Fedor
Published: September 2018

Diamond is not only the king gemstone, but also a promising material in quantum technologies. Optically active impurities (colour centers) in diamond show unique coherence properties under ambient conditions. Their quantum state can be readout and manipulated using a combination of single molecule spectroscopy and magnetic resonance techniques. In this talk it will be shown how engineered spins in diamond can be used for creation of non-classical (entangled) quantum states. I will also demonstrate the potential of atomic magnetometers based on single color centers for nanoscale sensing and imaging. New photoelectric detection technique allowing efficient readout of single color centers will be discussed.
Non-radiative processes in metal halide perovskite semiconductors probed by photoluminescence microscopy
Authors: Merdasa Aboma , Gerhard Marina , Louis Boris , Li Jun , Dobrovolsky Alexander , Tian Yuxi , Hofkens Johan , Camacho Rafael , Unger Eva , Scheblykin Ivan G.
Published: September 2018

Organo metal halide perovskites are solution processed semiconductors that recently attracted a great attention. They possess a rather “soft” and (photo) chemically active solid structure allowing for ion migration and other mass diffusion processes. This is a likely reason why non-radiative recombination centres in these materials are activated and deactivated on relatively slow time-scales. This dynamics reveals as photoluminescence (PL) fluctuations (blinking) of individual microcrystals and local areas of films and allows for application of a broad range of single molecule spectroscopy methods including optical super-resolution. Studying PL blinking resolves properties of individual non-radiative centres and helps to unravel their chemical nature.
Upconversion nanoparticles: on the way from diagnostics to theranostics
Authors: Generalova Alla , Mironova Kristina , Sholina Natalya , Rocheva Vasylina , Nechaev Andrey , Grebenik Ekaterina , Guller Anna , Zvyagin Andrey , Deyev Sergey , Zubov Vitaly , Khaydukov Evgeny
Published: September 2018

We report of surface modification approaches of nanoparticles with anti-Stokes luminescence, known as upconversion nanoparicles (UCNPs), comprised of inorganic host NaYF4 codoped with Yb3+ and Er3+or Tm3+. These approaches enabled the facile, lossless preparation of hybrid polymer-encapsulated UCNPs suitable for bioassays. These probes inherited UCNP properties, such as excellent photoluminescence under excitation with NIR light from the biotissue “transparency window”, as well as they were dispersible in aqueous media and physiological buffers, exhibiting chemical stability. The feasibility of the hybrid UCNPs was demonstrated for in vitro bioassay and in vivo optical whole animal imaging using a home-built epiluminescence imaging system.
Entangled plasmon generation in nonlinear spaser systems
Authors: Shesterikov Alexander , Karpov Sergei , Gubin Mikhail
Published: September 2018

The work is focused on the investigation of features of quantum dynamics for localized plasmons in spaser systems consisting of metal nanoparticles (NP) and semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). The non-classical plasmon states generation in a three-particle spaser system with nonlinear plasmon-exciton interaction is predicted.
New schemes of compact modal LC modulators for control of light spatial structure
Authors: Kotova Svetlana , Mayorova Alexandra , Samagin Sergey
Published: September 2018

The results of numerical simulation of new schemes of compact modal LC spatial modulators are presented. Special configurations of contact electrodes and predetermined values of applied voltages provide the jump in the profile of phase delay of light passing through the modulator or reflecting from it. This leads to the appearance of a vortex field. Ring-shaped light fields and light fields with intensity distribution in the form of two maxima, which rotate in the transverse plane during propagation were obtained. These devices may be valuable for use in the spectroscopy of single molecules.
Plasmonic magneto-optical nested 2D nanostructures: tailoring responses through effective refractive index
Authors: Shaimanov Alexey , Baryshev Alexander
Published: September 2018

Spectra of a nested square two-dimensional lattice of metal nanospheres encased in a magneto-optical host were studied. We show that the magneto-optical response of the nanostructures considerably increases due to the plasmon resonances. Moreover, the optical and magneto-optical responses can be strongly altered with a negligible change in structural parameters.
Multifocus self-focusing of a femtosecond optical vortex
Authors: Vasilyev Evgeny , Shlenov Svyatoslav , Kandidov Valery
Published: September 2018

We analyze formation of multifocus structure during the propagation of optical vortex with topological charge m = 1 in fused silica at wavelength 1800 nm, which corresponds to region of anomalous group velocity dispersion. Propagation of pulse is accompanied by sequence of nonlinear focuses, where each focus is a high intensive ring.
Slow drift compensation in long-term measurements in fluorescence nanoscopy with blinking colloidal semiconductor quantum dots
Authors: Baev Aleksei , Rozhentsov Aleksei
Published: September 2018

In this work we present an approach for image processing accuracy increasing in fluorescence nanoscopy of single colloidal quantum dots with blinking fluorescent behavior. The approach is based on the estimation of parameters, describing the slow collective drift, according to the information about a long series of frames with fluorescent images of single blinking quantum dots. The results of collective drift compensation for single colloidal quantum dots CdSe / ZnS supper-resolution image are demonstrated.
Au/Ag-containing DNA-based nanowires
Authors: Basmanov Dmitry , Prusakov Kirill , Klinov Dmitry , Eidelstein Gennady , Kotlyar Aleksander
Published: September 2018

Direct conductivity measurements of thin uniform gold-coated DNA nanowires are presented. Gold-coated DNA conductive wires deposited on a mica surface are visualized by SEM and conductivity of the wires are measured using nanomanipulators built inside the microscope. The measurements show that the conductivity is limited by defects, and the thicker the coating the higher the conductivity of the wires. These gold-coated DNA nanowires are promising candidates for molecular electronics. DNA-base nanomaterial to be used in new DNA-based molecular electronics.
Inhomogeneous broadening and spectral diffusion of the CdSe nanocrystals in the solid nanocomposites
Authors: Magaryan Konstantin
Published: September 2018

The mechanisms of broadening of optical spectra of CdSe nanocrystals (quantum dots, QD) synthesized in the liquid crystalline matrix were studied. The experiment confirms that the luminescence spectra of macroscopic samples are broadened inhomogeneously. In addition, small fractions of nanocomposites (with single QDs and small ensembles of QDs) manifest noticeable stochastic spectral diffusion.
Control of the direction of energy transfer in associates of colloidal quantum dots Ag2S/TGA and dye molecules
Authors: Ovchinnikov Oleg V. , Smirnov Mikhail S. , Grevtseva Irina G. , Kondratenko Tamara S. , Perepelitsa Aleksey S.
Published: September 2018

The possibilities for changing the direction of energy transfer in hybrid associates of colloidal Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) and thionine molecules are analyzed. The studies were performed by transmission electron microscopy, absorption and luminescence spectroscopy, PL decay study (time correlated single photon counting). An increasing of the average QDs size from 1.8 nm to 5.5 nm, and also a shift of the luminescence band from 630 nm to 950 nm, were found at using of TGA molecules and sodium sulfide as a sulfur precursor. Hybrid association of QDs (1.8 nm) with TH+ molecules leads to quenching of QDs luminescence with a simultaneous reduction of the luminescence lifetime from 13.7 to 6.5 ns. An association of QDs with a luminescence band maximum of 950 nm with TH+ molecules leads to quenching of TH+ luminescence and a reduction in its lifetime of luminescence from 0.43 to 0.3 ns. It was concluded that the reduction of lifetime of luminescence caused by the resonant nonradiative energy transfer between the components of the associates. An increasing in the average size of QDs leads to a change in the direction of energy transfer between the components of the associates.
Spectral properties of hybrid associates of colloidal quantum dots Zn0.5Cd0.5S, europium tenoyltrifluoroacetonate and methylene blue
Authors: Smirnov Mikhail S. , Perepelitsa Aleksey S. , Kondratenko Tamara S. , Zvyagin Andrey I. , Ovchinnikov Oleg V.
Published: September 2018

Hybrid associates formed from colloidal Zn0.5Cd0.5S quantum dots, passivated with thioglycolic acid, europium tenoyltrioteracetonate and methylene blue molecules, absorption, luminescence, IR and time-resolved spectroscopy technique are studied. The shift of the IR absorption bands of COO- and C=O groups of thioglycolic acid and europium thenoyltrifluoroacetonate has been detected. An increase in the efficiency of excitation of europium luminescence and a simultaneous increase lifetime of its luminescence upon adsorption on Zn0.5Cd0.5S quantum dots were found. Addition of methylene blue (thionine) molecules leads to quenching of the trap state luminescence of Zn0.5Cd0.5S and intracentric luminescence of Eu3+. A conclusion about the adsorption of Eu3+ on the surface of Zn0.5Cd0.5S quantum dots and the nonradiative energy transfer to methylene blue molecules was made.
Spectral features of conjugated bichromophores: porphyrins with curcumin
Authors: Starukhin Aleksandr , Gorski Aleksander , Pavich Tatsiana , Kniukshto Valerii
Published: September 2018

Conjugated bichromophores of porphyrins with natural compound curcumin were synthesized and studied by methods of spectroscopy. The fluorescence spectra of bichromophore consist of four bands covered almost a whole visible spectrum from 450 to 700 nm. A relatively weak interaction between curcumin and metalloporphyrin allows to combine both effects: high generation efficiency of singlet oxygen by metalloporphyrin and an anticancer treatment of curcumin.
Producing single-photon wave packets of the infrared spectrum range with an orbital angular momentum using “vortex” phase plates
Authors: Turaykhanov D.A. , Shkalikov A.V. , Kalachev A.A. , Imangulova I.R. , Losevsky N.N. , Razova E.V. , Samagin S.A. , Kotova S.P.
Published: September 2018

We consider the peculiarities of formation and registration of axially symmetric vortex fields in the context of applying diffractive optical elements such as vortex lenses and vortex axicons for the generation of single-photon states with a nonzero orbital angular momentum in the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion.
Mode I and Mode II Delamination of Flax/Epoxy Composite Laminate
Authors: Rajendran Thamilarasu S. , Johar Mahzan , Hassan Shukur Abu , Wong King Jye
Published: September 2018

In recent decades, natural fibres are getting their attention as reinforcement in composite materials. This is because natural fibres are environmental friendly. However, delamination is commonly recognised as one of the earliest failures in composite laminates. The objective of the present work is to investigate mode I and mode II delamination behaviour of flax fabrics reinforced epoxy composite. The delamination characterisation was carried out using double cantilever beam (DCB) and three point end notched flexure (ENF) tests. The fracture toughness were calculated using experimental calibration method (ECM). Results showed that the average fracture toughness was 485 N/m and 962 N/m, respectively. Finally, through scanning electron micrographs, it was observed that the ply/ply debonding and fibre/matrix debonding were the major fracture mechanisms in DCB specimen. As for ENF specimen, shear fracture dominated the energy dissipation process.
Bond Layer Properties and Geometry Effect on Interfacial Thermo-mechanical Stresses in Bi-material Electronic Packaging Assembly
Authors: Sujan D. , Vincent L. , Pok Y. W.
Published: September 2018

Thermo-mechanical mismatch stress is one of the reasons for mechanical as well as functional failure between two or more connected devices. In electronic packaging, two or more plates or layers are bonded together by an extremely thin layer. This thin bonding layer works as an interfacial stress compliance which is expected to alleviate the interfacial stresses between the layers. Therefore, it is very important to identify the suitable interfacial bonding characteristics for reducing the interfacial thermal mismatch stresses to maintain the structural integrity. This research work examines the influences of bond layer properties and geometry on the interfacial shearing and peeling stresses in a bi-material assembly. In this study a closed form model of bi-layered assembly is used with the up-to-date bond layer shear stress compliance expression. The key bond layer properties namely Young’s modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, Poisson’s ratio, and physical parameters like temperature and thickness are considered for interfacial stress evaluation. It is observed that the Young’s modulus, the thickness and the temperature of the bond layer have significant influence on the interfacial shearing and peeling stress. The results obtained are likely to be useful in designing bond layer properties in microelectronics and photonics applications.
Design Optimization of Interior Double-Radial Synthetic Magnetic Field Permanent Magnet Generator for Electric Vehicle
Authors: Ma Shilun , Zhang Xueyi , Hu Wenjin
Published: September 2018

The Interior double-radial permanent magnent generator (IDRPMG) which composed by two groups of rectangular permanent magnets to provide parallel magnetic circuits of the rator and the sator core with less eddy current loss, low hormonic content and low cogging torque of the stator with fractional slot winding is developed. It has the advantages of remarkable magnetism gathering effect, strong magnetic field intensity and high space utilization. Combining Taguchi method and finite element method, the relevant parameters of the permanent magnet size and the angle between the first and second rectangle permanent magnets in rotor are optimized to get better the distortion rate of output voltage waveform, lower cogging torque and higer peak value of airgap flux density. Then finite element simulation is taken for the best optimization scheme through comparative analysis of the machine by before and after optimization. It showed that each performance index is improved after optimization. Finally, the prototype is manufactured, according to the optimization parameters and some experiments are conducted, which results verify the analys is preview well.
A novel active disturbance rejection controller for an electromagnetic valve actuator
Authors: Lu Jiayu , Chang Siqin
Published: September 2018

In order to achieve fully variable and precise motion control of the electromagnetic valve actuator, enhance the engine performance, a novel active disturbance rejection controller for an electromagnetic valve actuator based on trajectory planning and acceleration feedforward is proposed. A fourth-order trajectory planning is used to achieve fully variable valve motion control, including variable valve lift and timing. It can also reduce the impact and vibration of EMVA system. Active disturbance rejection controller is used to estimate the variant dynamic and external disturbances of the system. The acceleration feedforward is compensated for the system to improve the tracking and steady state accuracy. Comparative simulations results show the proposed controller can improve the dynamic performance and the robustness of the system, and enhance the control precision.
An optimized 2D-Robust Adaptive Beamforming algorithm based on Matrix Completion in sparse array
Authors: Di Jiaying , Hu Wen , Li Mengxia , Li Hongtao
Published: September 2018

The sparse arrays can reduce the cost of beamforming, it greatly reduces the number of actual array elements. However, it also brings about the problem of information loss. A 2D-robust adaptive beamforming algorithm in sparse array based on Singular Value Thresholding algorithm is proposed. At first, a signal model of planar array is established based on Matrix Completion, which can be proved to meet Null Space Property. Then the Genetic Algorithm is used to optimize the sparse array, which is determined to reduce the Spectral Norm Error of Matrix Completion and make the array recovered closer to the full array. In the case of sparse array, the missing information is restored by using the theory of Singular Value Thresholding, and then the restored signal is used to design the digital beamformer weights. This algorithm significantly reduces the Spectral Norm Error and forms robust adaptive beam.
An APG-MUSIC Algorithm Based-on Optimized Sampling Array
Authors: Li Mengxia , Hu Wen , Di Jiaying , Li Hongtao
Published: September 2018

This paper proposes a novel two-dimensional direction of arrival (2D-DOA) estimation with optimized sparse sampling array, which is combined with Accelerated Proximal Gradient singular value thresholding(APG) and Multiple Signal Classification(MUSIC). Firstly, a signal model of 2D-DOA estimation in sparse array is established, which is proved to satisfy low rank feature and NULL Space Property(NSP). Then, Genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to a sparse sampling array to optimize the performance of matrix completion(MC). Finally, MUSIC combined with APG is studied to recover received signal matrix and estimate the direction of arrival. The results of computer simulation demonstrate that compared with conventional 2D-DOA algorithms, the proposed algorithm reduces the number of array elements needed dramatically and effectively lowers the average sidelobes level of spatial spectrum.
Optimization of Probe Train Size for Available Bandwidth Estimation in High-speed Networks
Authors: Kirova Veronika , Siemens Eduard , Kachan Dmitry , Vasylenko Oksana , Karpov Kirill
Published: September 2018

Available bandwidth parameter is a crucial characteristic in terms of networking and data transmission. The beforehand knowledge of its value and use of this parameter in various traffic engineering algorithms and QoS calculations is a key for high-efficient multigigabit data transport in nowadays networks. The challenge in available bandwidth estimations is not only in its accuracy and processing speed but also in the reduction of the amount of probe traffic injected into the network by keeping an adequate level of estimation accuracy. In this paper we extend existing active probing measurement algorithms for end-to-end available bandwidth estimation along with methods to reduce estimation times and amount of injected traffic while keeping measurement accuracy constant and even reducing the uncertainty of estimations. The main goal of this research was to detect a sufficient ratio of MTU, packet train size with the link capacity and available bandwidth (AvB) in up to 10 Gbps networks. In order to explore measurement accuracy under different conditions, a new tool for the AvB estimation named Kite2 has been developed and is presented in the paper. Comparative performance of AvB estimations using Kite2, Kite and Yaz is presented. Finally we calculate with statistical means dependency between the estimation error probability, measurement probing overhead and the measurement time.
Comparison of estimates calculated on the energy flow problem basis and using testing equations method
Authors: Kochneva Elena , Sukalo Aleksandar
Published: September 2018

The article is devoted to the electrical energy measurements estimates calculation. Automatic Meter Reading systems are the source of measurements. Two methods are compared. The first one is based on the energy flow problem, which allows to receive the estimates of the electrical energy flows and losses on all elements of the electrical network. Calculations using the first method were made using the software product “Balance”. The second technique is simplified and uses a system of testing equations to calculate the measurements estimates. Comparison showed the use of a simplified procedure gives adequate accuracy on condition of sufficient redundancy level.
Simulation Studies of a Trench MOS Device Structure with Small Figures of Merit
Authors: Li Junhong
Published: September 2018

We proposed a vertical high permittivity trench power MOS (HKTMOS) device with alternating N&P drift region and high permittivity (HK) trench sandwiched in between. The unique structure guarantees uniform potential distribution for wide voltage range at block state owing to both HK potential modulation effect and superjunction (SJ) charge balance. The specific on-resistance (Rons) of HKTMOS is in orders of magnitude lower than the SJ counterparts at the on state because of the strong accumulation effect brought by HK trench. Although the gate charge also significantly rises because of the accumulation, the figures of merit (FOM) of HKTMOS still reduces considerably than the SJ under same BV. An expression for FOM is derived demonstrating that the FOM of HKTMOS is proportional to the square of HK trench depth, which agrees on with simulation results well. The simulation results indicate that within the BV range of 500~2000V, the Rons and FOM of HKTMOS are in 1~2 orders of magnitude lower and 17.4%~44.1% of SJ, respectively under the same BV condition. Furthermore, HKTMOS also demonstrates better charge imbalance tolerance than SJ.
Frequency response characterization of ironless inductive position sensors with long cables
Authors: Grima Adrian , Castro Mario Di , Masi Alessandro , Sammut Nicholas
Published: September 2018

The two linear position sensors used to determine the position of the European Organization for Nuclear Research; Large Hadron Collider collimator’s jaws with respect to the beam are the linear variable differential transformer and the ironless inductive position sensor. The latter was designed as an alternative to the former since the linear variable differential transformer exhibits a position error in magnetic environments. The ironless inductive position sensor is an air cored, high-precision linear position sensor, which is by design immune to external DC or slowly varying magnetic fields. Since the ironless inductive position sensor is required to have no on-board electronics, the raw signal has to be carried through long cable lengths and this may lead to performance degradation. This paper focuses on a set of experimental measurements conducted to assess the ironless inductive position sensor’s sensitivity at different frequencies with long cable lengths. This is critical for the sensor`s correct operation in the Large Hadron Collider`s collimators. Furthermore, to gain a better understanding, the ironless inductive position sensor’s frequency response is compared with a commercial off-the-shelf linear variable differential transformer.
Research on Ultrasonic Machining Gap Control Based on Fuzzy Self-tuning PID Parameters Technology
Authors: Chen Chun-hui , Chen Wei-you
Published: September 2018

The working principle and measurement of ultrasonic machining gap is analyzed in this paper. A stable machining gap between the tool and workpiece must be maintained for improving processing accuracy and efficiency. Therefore, a fuzzy self-tuning PID parameters controller for ultrasonic machining tool feed system is designed, by means of using Matlab /Simulink simulation experiment, in this paper.
Educational 110 kV step-down substation in the scale of 1/10
Authors: Egorov Alexander , Larionova Anastasia , Kovalenko Pavel
Published: September 2018

The educational 110 kV step-down substation in the scale of 1/10 is intended for material supplementation of educational processes in higher education institutions training power industry specialists. Lack of continuous and unlimited access of students to power facilities as well as absence of an opportunity to carry out any practical activities there results in severe deficiency in practical knowledge and skills among students. To solve this problem operating material models of substations and separate power equipment were created, both as the visual aid and as laboratory unit scaled in size. The actually operating substation in the scale of 1/10 allows performing and practicing a wide range of educational activities such as designing, constructing, installing, routine switching, etc.
Defining the power system load frequency static response slope based on transient synchrophasor data
Authors: Berdin Alexander , Kovalenko Pavel
Published: September 2018

The method is proposed for defining the power system load frequency static response based on synchrophasor measurements during transients accompanied by frequency deviations. The method was successfully validated involving four events resulting in frequency deviations in the Northern part of Tyumen region of up to 0.06 Hz magnitude and recorded by means of the System operator WAMS.
Diagnostic et gestion des incisives maxillaires ankylosées : proposition d’un arbre décisionnel
Authors: Revel-Cassanet Clothilde , Messaoudi Yassine
Published: September 2018

Introduction : L’ankylose d’une incisive maxillaire est une résorption évolutive, dont la gestion clinique est difficile, tant pour les omnipraticiens que pour les orthodontistes. Elle entraîne un défaut esthétique, fonctionnel et occlusal pouvant être majeur. Ainsi, en fonction du remodelage osseux propre au patient, une perte de la dent ankylosée pourra être déplorée à plus ou moins long terme. Materiels et methodes : Une revue de la littérature narrative a été conduite afin d’identifier les différentes options thérapeutiques connues à ce jour et de permettre la réalisation de tableaux récapitulatifs d’aide à la décision thérapeutique. Resultats : Les différentes techniques ont été classées en trois categories : abstention, traitements conservateurs et chirurgicaux. Une presentation des objectifs thérapeutiques, des indications et des complications potentielles a été réalisée pour chaque technique. De même, ont été répertoriées la persistence éventuelle d’une zone d’ankylose ou la possibilité de déplacer la dent après traitement. Discussion : Le choix de la solution thérapeutique se fera après evaluation de l’importance et de la localisation de la résorption, au moyen d’un diagnostic précis. Le traitement choisi sera plus ou moins stable, conservateur, esthétique, onéreux et présentera des taux de succès variables. La composante temporelle est à prendre en compte et l’individualisation du plan de traitement permettra de choisir la solution thérapeutique la mieux adaptée à notre patient.
Distraction osseuse symphysaire (volet 2) : quel protocole en 2018 ? Une revue systématique
Authors: Lietz Gabriel , Gebeile-Chauty Sarah
Published: September 2018

Introduction :L’objectif de cette revue de la littérature est de proposer, en mettant en balance l’efficacité thérapeutique et les effets indésirables de la technique, un protocole clinique en 2018.Materiels et methodes :Les essais cliniques randomisés, les séries de cas s’intéressant à la distraction osseuse symphysaire, dont l’échantillon de patients est supérieur ou égal à dix, ont été recherchés sur Pubmed/Medline et Cochrane sur les vingt dernières années.Resultats :Au total, 92 articles ont été trouvés, dont 25 répondaient aux critères d’inclusion. Un essai contrôlé a été retenu mais aucun essai contrôlé randomisé. Les autres études sont toutes des séries de cas, seize de nature rétrospective, huit de nature prospective. L’indication de la distraction osseuse symphysaire serait un encombrement supérieur à 7 mm et/ou une insuffisance transversale avec ou sans compensation. Un traitement orthodontique pré-chirurgical permet d’obtenir une divergence radiculaire des incisives mandibulaires. Le distracteur préconisé en première intention est un dispositif dento-porté. L’intervention chirurgicale (ambulatoire) est envisagée sous anesthésie locale et sédation intra-veineuse. Le délai de latence avant activation du vérin est de six jours. L’activation est réalisée par l’orthodontiste, puis par le patient au rythme d’1 mm par jour, à raison de quatre activations quotidiennes. La reprise des mouvements orthodontiques s’effectue deux semaines après l’arrêt des activations. Le distracteur est retiré deux à trois mois après son blocage.Conclusion :Si les grandes lignes du protocole de la distraction osseuse symphysaire se dessinent essentiellement à la lumière d’avis d’experts, elles restent encore à affiner par des essais contrôlés.
Das Anti-IgLON5-Syndrom – Was ist unser aktueller Wissensstand?
Authors: Wenninger Stephan , Schoser Benedikt
Published: September 2018

Das Anti-IgLON5-Syndrom wurde erstmals 2014 anhand eines Patienten mit REM und Non-REM-Parasomnie beschrieben. Seitdem hat sich das klinische Spektrum um diese Erkrankung stetig erweitert. Neben den schlafassoziierten Störungen kommen bei diesen Patienten regelmäßig Hirnstammsyndrome, autonome und neuropsychiatrische Symptome sowie seltener periphere Symptome wie Faszikulationen, Muskelkrämpfe und Neuromyotonie vor. Aufgrund gesehener Tau-Ablagerungen in spezifischen ZNS-Regionen wird derzeit von einer IgLON5-vermittelten Neurodegeneration im Sinne einer Tauopathie ausgegangen, was diesem Antikörper in pathophysiologischer Hinsicht eine Sonderstellung einbringt. Es besteht eine auffällige Assoziation mit den HLA-Allelen DQB1 * 05: 01 und DRB1 * 10: 01. Unter den derzeit verfügbaren Therapien mittels Immunmodulation und Immunsuppression konnte bisher nur ein geringer Benefit erreicht werden und die Mortalität ist bei später Diagnosestellung hoch. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den Pathomechanismus, die klinische Symptomatik sowie Empfehlungen für Diagnostik und Therapie.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Novel 1-Substituted 3-(4,5-Substituted 1,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)-β-carboline Derivatives
Authors: Sarragiotto Maria , Brand George , Gomes Carla , Costa Willian , Foglio Mary , Ruiz Ana
Published: September 2018

Schiff bases, 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-d][1,2,3,4]thiatriazoles, and 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles carrying the β-carboline nucleus were synthesized from 3-(4-amino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-β-carbolines. The compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity against eight human cancer cell lines. The 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-d][1,2,3,4]thiatriazole derivatives showed a broad spectrum of antitumor activity, with GI50 values lower than 13 μM for all cell lines tested. In general, all tested compounds showed potent activity against the breast (MCF-7) cancer cell line, with GI50 values in the range of 2.07 to 4.58 μM.
Nutrition in Pediatric Kidney Disease
Authors: Román-Ortiz Elena , Mendizábal-Oteiza Santiago , Codoñer-Franch Pilar
Published: September 2018

Nutrition has a major impact on the health of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Special diets and additional replacement therapies may be chosen according to the specific renal disease. Persistent low-grade inflammation, which contributes to CKD-associated cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, protein-energy wasting, oxidative stress, acidosis, chronic and recurrent infections, and altered metabolism of adipose tissue may result from dietary deficits and are important targets for nutritive intervention. Therefore, many guidelines have been developed regarding nutrient intake adequation to assist pediatricians treating these children. Acute kidney injury (AKI) has multifactorial etiology and complicated clinical course that may ultimately necessitate renal replacement. AKI presents unique treatment challenges because of associated metabolic derangements, difficulties in nutrient requirement estimation, the negative effects of renal replacement therapy, and the complex effects on nutrient balances. Maintenance of protein balance in such conditions requires adequate energy and protein intake, especially during acute illnesses. Malnutrition in pediatric AKI has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality. However, the recommended nutritional requirements for this condition are less precise than for CKD. A complete assessment of pediatric kidney disease requires evaluation of growth, body composition, abnormal sodium loss, acid-base status, and dietary intake, particularly for children with renal insufficiency. Nutritional support should also provide adequate amounts of energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients for normal growth and development.
Automated versus Manual Data Extraction of the Padua Prediction Score for Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Hospitalized Older Adults
Authors: Pavon Juliessa , Sloane Richard , Pieper Carl , Colón-Emeric Cathleen , Cohen Harvey , Gallagher David , Morey Miriam , McCarty Midori , Ortel Thomas , Hastings Susan
Published: September 2018

Objective Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis is an important consideration for hospitalized older adults, and the Padua Prediction Score (PPS) is a risk prediction tool used to prioritize patient selection. We developed an automated PPS (APPS) algorithm using electronic health record (EHR) data. This study examines the accuracy of APPS and its individual components versus manual data extraction.

Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized general internal medicine patients, aged 70 and over. Fourteen clinical variables were collected to determine their PPS; APPS used EHR data exports from health system databases, and a trained abstractor performed manual chart abstractions. We calculated sensitivity and specificity of the APPS, using manual PPS as the gold standard for classifying risk category (low vs. high). We also examined performance characteristics of the APPS for individual variables.

Results PPS was calculated by both methods on 311 individuals. The mean PPS was 3.6 (standard deviation, 1.8) for manual abstraction and 2.8 (1.4) for APPS. In detecting patients at high risk for VTE, the sensitivity and specificity of the APPS algorithm were 46 and 94%, respectively. The sensitivity for APPS was poor (range: 6–34%) for detecting acute conditions (i.e., acute myocardial infarction), moderate (range: 52–74%) for chronic conditions (i.e., heart failure), and excellent (range: 94–98%) for conditions of obesity and restricted mobility. Specificity of the automated extraction method for each PPS variable was > 87%.

Conclusion APPS as a stand-alone tool was suboptimal for classifying risk of VTE occurrence. The APPS accurately identified high risk patients (true positives), but lower scores were considered indeterminate.
Comprehensive review on the optimal integration of distributed generation in distribution systems
Authors: Latreche Y. , Bouchekara H. R. E. H. , Kerrour F. , Naidu K. , Mokhlis H. , Javaid M. S.
Published: September 2018

An ever-increasing demand of electricity and the advent of clean renewable energy along with the limitations of conventional sources of energy are the prime driving force for the planners to incorporate distributed generation in electric power systems at the distribution side. The main objective of the Optimal Integration of Distributed Generation (OIDG) in distribution systems is to optimize the operation and planning of such systems. In the last two decades, significant research efforts have been devoted to formulating and solving the OIDG problem in distribution systems. The main aim of this work is to present a review describing the majority of high quality research work pertaining to OIDG in distribution systems.
The efficiency of one-line versus multi-line excitation of boron isotopes within the method of selective laser assisted retardation of condensation
Authors: Lyakhov K. A. , Pechen A. N. , Lee H.-J.
Published: September 2018

The influence of multi-line pulsed excitation of target isotopes within the method of selective laser assisted retarded condensation (SILARC) on the efficiency of boron isotopes separation is investigated. In pulsed mode simultaneous excitation of all four isotopologues   11B35Cln37Cl3−n is possible. In order to study it, a new formula for multi-line excitation rate is derived. The total number of photons absorbed by target isotopologues for proposed physical parametrization of the laser pulse is compared with continuous wave excitation case, corresponding to the minimal level of laser intensity, required to excite all four isotopologues. It is found that irradiation efficiency of the pulsed mode is 20.59 times smaller than for CW-mode one. Influence of multi-pass cavity on the efficiency of excitation has been also considered.
Surface preparation and the evolution of atomically flat step terrace morphology of MgO single crystals
Authors: Youssef Azza Hadj , Kolhatkar Gitanjali , Merlen Alexandre , Thomas Reji , Ruediger Andreas
Published: September 2018

We present a preparation method of vicinal stepped MgO (100) substrate surfaces, a prerequisite for high quality thin film growth. Through atomic force microscopy measurements, the surface morphology evolution of (100)-oriented MgO as a function of the annealing conditions is investigated. In particular, we discuss the effect of temperature, time and ambient atmosphere on the evolution of the MgO surface arrangement. At annealing temperature of 1000°C for 40 min, MgO surface morphology displays an atomically flat, single terminated surface with (100)-oriented, sharp terraces and equidistant steps equal to half of the MgO lattice parameter. Longer annealing leads to the formation of bunched terraces with large step heights of 1-5nm. The optimized recipe developed here efficiently removes surface adsorbates, namely hydroxyl and carbonate groups and restores the terraces on the surface.
Oral mucosa-on-a-chip to assess layer-specific responses to bacteria and dental materials
Authors: Rahimi Christopher , Rahimi Benjamin , Padova Dominic , Rooholghodos Seyed A. , Bienek Diane R. , Luo Xiaolong , Kaufman Gili , Raub Christopher B.
Published: September 2018

The human oral mucosa hosts a diverse microbiome and is exposed to potentially toxic biomaterials from dental restoratives. Mucosal health is partly determined by cell and tissue responses to challenges such as dental materials and pathogenic bacteria. An in vitro model to rapidly determine potential layer-specific responses would lead to a better understanding of mucosal homeostasis and pathology. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a co-cultured microfluidic mucosal model on-a-chip to rapidly assess mucosal remodeling and the responses of epithelial and subepithelial layers to challenges typically found in the oral environment. A gingival fibroblast-laden collagen hydrogel was assembled in the central channel of a three-channel microfluidic chamber with interconnecting pores, followed by a keratinocyte layer attached to the collagen exposed in the pores. This configuration produced apical and subepithelial side channels capable of sustaining flow. Keratinocyte, fibroblast, and collagen densities were optimized to create a co-culture tissue-like construct stable over one week. Cells were stained and imaged with epifluorescence microscopy to confirm layer characteristics. As proof-of-concept, the mucosal construct was exposed separately to a dental monomer, 2-hydroxylethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and the oral bacteria Streptococcus mutans. Exposure to HEMA lowered mucosal cell viability, while exposure to the bacteria lowered trans-epithelial electrical resistance. These findings suggest that the oral mucosa-on-a-chip is useful for studying oral mucosal interactions with bacteria and biomaterials with a histology-like view of the tissue layers.
Microfiber Bragg grating-based acoustic sensor offers reduced size and electromagnetic immunity
Authors: Wolverton Mark
Published: September 2018

Using orthogonally crossed micro-Co 2+ -doped optical fibers yields two-dimensional directional acoustic localization.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) mediated defence induction against bacterial leaf blight: probing through chlorophyll a fluorescence induction O–J–I–P transients
Authors: Shasmita  , Swain Harekrushna , Ray Anuprita , Mohapatra Pradipta K. , Sarkar Ramani K. , Mukherjee Arup K.
Published: September 2018

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is a serious threat for rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The pathogen mainly damages the leaf chlorophyllous tissue, resulting in poor photosynthesis and causing up to 50% reductions in grain yield. In the present work, we have compared the structural and functional ability of the chloroplast of three varieties of rice with different degrees of susceptibility (TN1, highly susceptible; IR-20, moderately resistant; DV-85, resistant to BLB) treated with riboflavin (1 and 2 mM) and infected with BLB, with chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool. As indicated by the chlorophyll fluorescence technique, the disease progress curve and yield data, riboflavin acted as an effective vitamin for inducing resistance against BLB. Plants treated with riboflavin showed improved PSII activity, more chlorophyll content and higher yield than the diseased plants.
Influence of manure, compost additions and temperature on the water repellency of tropical soils
Authors: Farrick Kegan K. , Akweli Zakiya , Wuddivira Mark N.
Published: September 2018

Soil water repellency is a major concern in many systems as it substantially reduces infiltration and enhances surface runoff. While it is recognised that repellency is affected by the soil organic matter in natural ecosystems, the impact of manure and compost additions on the development and persistence of repellency in agroecosystems, particularly in the tropics, is poorly understood. We therefore examined the impact of different manure, compost additions and temperature on soil water repellency of tropical soils. We monitored the change in repellency in a Cambisol (Talparo – clay loam), Acrisol (Piarco – silt loam) and Arenosol (Arena – loamy sand), amended with three different manure and compost combinations at three different concentrations and four temperatures. Water repellency was the strongest among soils with higher clay content, which was likely due to the higher levels of organic matter observed in the clay loam. The cattle manure produced the most severe repellency despite having the lowest total organic carbon, whereas the sugarcane bagasse produced the lowest repellency. The increases in temperature had the strongest influence on repellency in sandy soils. Our results strongly support the findings of other studies that the quality of the organic material is more important than the total organic carbon in controlling the severity of repellency. This exploratory work also highlighted the importance of plant compost in reducing the level of repellency caused by cattle manure while still having a positive influence on the nutrient status of soils.
The reception of subtitled films from a sociological perspective
Authors: Enríquez-Aranda Mercedes , García Luque Francisca
Published: September 2018

Spain has traditionally been a dubbing country. Nevertheless, subtitled versions are becoming more visible nowadays. One of the reasons that explain the increasing presence of subtitled films may be the growing concentration of English-speaking people in some areas. But it is not the only factor that explains this often unnoticed transformation: the ease of access to subtitled versions of TV series on the Internet, and the habit of watching subtitled films in other contexts such as film festivals or cinema forums, might help to understand why audiences seem attracted to the subtitled versions of films. In any case, while there may be many surmises, there is little data to confirm them. This article analyses the results of an empirical study thought to provide some information about the reception of subtitled films within the context of a cinema forum held on a weekly basis in a specific Spanish area. The overall purpose of the work is to shed some light on both the audience’s profile and its opinion about subtitling as an alternative way of watching foreign films in a dubbing country. The study is carried out through a survey that allows us to interpret the resulting conclusions from a sociological perspective.
Assessing the benefits of automatic grinding control using PST technology for true on-line Particle Size Measurement
Authors: Maron R , O’Keefe C , Sepulveda J
Published: September 2018

Despite the recognized significance of ground product fineness on both line capacity and downstream process performance (typically flotation), less than 10% of mineral ore concentrators today use real-time particle size measurements in automatic control applications for the final product particle size. Although “near-line” particle size measurement instrumentation has been in place for several decades and is commonly installed in most modern concentrators, its availability and low measurement frequency have typically been inadequate for reliable use in automatic control. Their low availability is often associated with problems with slurry sample collection and handling systems required to present the samples to the size measurement instrument. Recently, an innovative technology for real-time, on-line particle size measurement has been developed by CiDRA Minerals Processing, under its commercial name Particle Size Tracking (PST), already proven in several commercial installations, demonstrating near 100% availability with minimal maintenance, thus overcoming the limitations of previous technologies. Investment decision makers require convincing, reliable estimates of the expected economic value that automatic grind control projects will deliver. This paper presents a methodology for estimating such value from the installation of the new PST particle size measurement technology, capable of tracking particle size on each individual hydrocyclone overflow stream, thus adding significant new options for improved process stability and performance. Based on actual plant operating records, accumulated over long periods of time, the evaluation approach herein described assesses and highlights the significant potential contribution to be expected from this unique PST technology.
Edge rings with 3-linear resolutions
Authors: Hibi Takayuki , Matsuda Kazunori , Tsuchiya Akiyoshi
Published: September 2018

It is shown that the edge ring of a finite connected simple graph with a

3
3

-linear resolution is a hypersurface.