bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Ability of Vestibular and Oculomotor Screenings to Predict Recovery in Patients After Concussion: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Barnhart Mitchell , McLeod Tamara Valovich , Bay R. Curtis
Published: March 2023

Objective

The objective of this systematic review was to investigate if a positive vestibular or oculomotor screening is predictive of recovery in patients after concussion.

Data Sources

Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to search through PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and hand searches of included articles.

Study Selection

Two authors evaluated all articles for inclusion and assessed their quality using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool.

Data Extraction

After quality assessment was completed, the authors extracted recovery time, vestibular or ocular assessment results, study population demographics, number of participants, inclusion and exclusion criteria, symptom scores, and any other outcomes of assessments reported in the included studies.

Data Synthesis

Data were critically analyzed by 2 of the authors and categorized into tables regarding the ability of researchers of each article to answer the research question. Many patients who have vision, vestibular, or oculomotor dysfunction appear to have longer recovery times than patients who do not.

Conclusions

Researchers routinely reported that vestibular and oculomotor screenings are prognostic of time to recovery. Specifically, a positive Vestibular Ocular Motor Screening test appears to consistently predict longer recovery.
Organizational-Professional Conflict in the Collegiate and Secondary School Practice Settings: A Sequential, Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Pitney William A. , Singe Stephanie Mazerolle , Wood Tyler A. , Grahovec Nicholas E.
Published: March 2023

Context

Athletic trainers (ATs) are employed in various settings, which may use 1 of 3 organizational infrastructure models: (1) the sport/athletic model, (2) the medical model, and (3) the academic model. These different settings and organizational infrastructure models may result in varying levels of organizational-professional conflict (OPC). However, how OPC may differ across infrastructure models and practice settings is not known.

Objective

To examine the prevalence of OPC among ATs in various organizational infrastructures and explore ATs’ perceptions of OPC, including its precipitating and mitigating factors.

Design

Sequential explanatory mixed-methods study with equal emphasis on quantitative and qualitative components.

Setting

Collegiate and secondary school institutions.

Patients or Other Participants

Five hundred ninety-four ATs from collegiate and secondary schools.

Data Collection and Analysis

We conducted a national cross-sectional survey using a validated scale to assess OPC. We then followed the quantitative survey with individual interviews. Trustworthiness was established with multiple-analyst triangulation and peer debriefing.

Results

Athletic trainers experienced low to moderate degrees of OPC with no differences across practice settings or infrastructure models. Poor communication, others’ unfamiliarity with the AT’s scope of practice, and lack of medical knowledge were precipitating factors for OPC. Organizational relationships founded on trust and respect for one another; administrative support in that ATs were listened to, decisions were endorsed, and appropriate resources provided; and autonomy given to the AT were key components to preventing OPC.

Conclusions

Most ATs experienced primarily low to moderate OPC. However, OPC continues to permeate professional practice to some extent in collegiate and secondary school settings, regardless of the infrastructure model used. The findings of this study highlight the role of administrative support that allows for autonomous AT practice as well as effective communication that is direct, open, and professional to decrease OPC.
The mineragraphic laboratory
Authors: Timm W B , Haycock M H
Published: March 2023

A mineragraphic Laboratory has been added to the equipment of the Ore Dressing and Metallurgical Laboratories of the Mines Branch. This new equipment for the microscopic and spectroscopie examination of ore samples and mill products of ores under test is
described for the information of those engaged in the mining industry.
Proposing an #EASIER Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Protocol for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Survivors
Authors: da Luz Goulart Cássia , Silva Rebeca Nunes , Oliveira Murilo Rezende , Back Guilherme Dionir , Arena Ross , Faghy Mark A , Borghi-Silva Audrey
Published: March 2023

The economic and social impact that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can bring is undeniable since high numbers of active workers in production and service provision are being contaminated. In addition, those infected may have long-term sequelae, impairing their functional capacity, and consequently, their work activities. It considers that intervention in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation is of great importance, especially in the recovery stage, and should be carried out mainly with the aim of improving dyspnea, severe muscle weakness, and fatigue, to promote functional independence, and increase quality of life. Based on the limitations demonstrated in COVID-19 survivors, we developed a protocol based on the acronym #EASIER, which is divided into six phases. Such a study will be able to early identify the impact of COVID-19 in different severities as well as provide subsidies to guide physiotherapists early, through the correct prescription of rehabilitative interventional measures.
Trichoscopic Diagnosis and Management of a Case of Scalp Dysesthesia with Lichen Simplex Chronicus
Authors: Sakkaravarthi Vinupriya , Gopalakrishnan K. , Manivel Sathyaseelan , George Sandeep Thomas
Published: March 2023

Scalp dysesthesia (SD), a variant of cutaneous dysesthesia syndrome is an underrecognized cause of scalp pruritus. It usually presents with itch, pain, burning, or stinging sensation over localized or diffuse area of the scalp without any objective findings. Trichoscopy, a rapid and in-office procedure, could aid in the early clinical diagnosis of this condition and initiate management. We report a case of SD in an elderly male diagnosed with the aid of trichoscope, evaluated and treated successfully.
The post spinal surgery syndrome
Authors: Ramnarayan R , Chaurasia Bipin
Published: March 2023

Post spinal surgery syndrome(PSSS) has always been considered only for the pain it causes. However, many other neurological deficits do happen after lower back surgery. The aim of this review is to look into the various other neurological deficits that could happen after a spinal surgery. Using the keywords, foot drop, cauda equina syndrome, epidural hematoma, nerve and dural injury in spine surgery, the literature was searched. Out of the 189 articles obtained, the most important were analyzed. The problems associated with spine surgery have been published in the literature but are much more than the failed back surgery syndrome and cause more discomfort to the patients. To bring about a more sustained and collective awareness and understanding of these complications following spinal surgery, we encompassed all these complications under the heading of PSSS.
Spinal dural cerebrospinal fluid fistula as a cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome
Authors: Konovalov Anton , Grebenev Fyodor , Asyutin Dmitry , Zakirov Bahromon , Konovalov Nikolay , Pronin Igor , Eliava Shalva , Chaurasia Bipin
Published: March 2023

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) syndrome most often occurs following a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula that develops in the spinal space. Neurologists and neurosurgeons lack an understanding of the pathophysiology and diagnosis of this disease, which can make timely surgical care difficult. With the correct diagnostic algorithm, it is possible to identify the exact location of the liquor fistula in 90% of cases; subsequent microsurgical treatment can save the patient from the symptoms of intracranial hypotension and restore the ability to work. Female patient, 57 years old, was admitted with SIH syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with contrast confirmed signs of intracranial hypotension. Computed tomography (CT) myelography was performed to pinpoint the location of the CSF fistula. The diagnostic algorithm and successful microsurgical treatment of a patient with spinal dural CSF fistula at the Th3-4 level using a posterolateral transdural approach. The patient was discharged on day 3 after the surgery when these complaints regressed completely. At the control examination of the patient 4 months postoperatively, there were no complaints. Identification of the cause and location of spinal the CSF fistula is a complex process that requires several stages of diagnosis. Examination of the entire back with MRI, CT myelography, or subtraction dynamic myelography is recommended. Microsurgical repair of a spinal fistula is an effective method for the treatment of SIH. The posterolateral transdural approach is effective in the repair of a spinal CSF fistula located ventrally in the thoracic spine.
Sarcopenia and osteopenia are independent risk factors for proximal junctional disease after posterior lumbar fusion
Authors: Ruffilli Alberto , Barile Francesca , Cerasoli Tosca , Manzetti Marco , Viroli Giovanni , Ialuna Marco , Traversari Matteo , Salamanna Francesca , Mazzotti Antonio , Fini Milena , Faldini Cesare
Published: March 2023

Study Design:

This was a retrospective study.

Objective:

Since a better understanding of modifiable risk factors for proximal junctional disease (PJD) may lead to improved postoperative outcomes and less need of revision surgery, the aim of the present study is to determine whether sarcopenia and osteopenia are independent risk factors for PJD in patients undergoing lumbar fusion.

Summary of Background Data:

PJD is one of the most frequent complications following posterior instrumented spinal fusion. It is characterized by a spectrum of pathologies ranging from proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) to proximal junctional failure (PJF). The etiology of PJD is multifactorial and currently not fully understood. Patient-specific factors, such as age, body mass index, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and the presence of other comorbidities, can represent potential risk factors.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective review of patients, aging 50–85 years, who underwent a short (≤3 levels) posterior lumbar fusion for degenerative diseases was performed. Through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), central sarcopenia and osteopenia were evaluated, measuring the psoas-to-lumbar vertebral index (PLVI) and the M-score. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors for PJD, PJK, and PJF.

Results:

A total of 308 patients (mean age at surgery 63.8 ± 6.2 years) were included. Ten patients (3.2%) developed a PJD and all required revision surgery. Multivariate regression identified PLVI (P = 0.02) and M-score (P = 0.04) as independent risk factors for both PJK (P = 0.02 and P = 0.04, respectively) and PJF (P = 0.04 and P = 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions:

Sarcopenia and osteopenia, as measured by PLVI and M-score, proved to be independent risk factors for PJD in patients who undergo lumbar fusion for degenerative diseases.

Clinical Trial Registration:

The present study was approved by the Institutional Review Board, CE AVEC 208/2022/OSS/IOR.
Evaluation of long-term clinical outcomes and the incidence of adjacent proximal segment degenerative disease with algorithmic transforaminal interbody fusion
Authors: Byvaltsev Vadim A. , Kalinin Andrei A. , Pestryakov Yurii Ya , Spiridonov Alexey V. , Krivoschein Artem V.
Published: March 2023

Study Design:

This was a prospective multicenter study.

Background:

Adjacent segment degenerative disease (ASDd) is a common complication of open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (O-TLIF), the leading cause of which is initial adjacent segment degeneration (ASD). To date, various surgical techniques for the prevention of ASDd have been developed, such as, simultaneous use of interspinous stabilization (IS) and preventive rigid stabilization of the adjacent segment. The use of these technologies is often based on the subjective opinion of the operating surgeon, or on the assessment of one of the predictors of ASDd. Only sporadic studies are devoted to a comprehensive study of risk factors of ASDd development and personalized performance of O-TLIF.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term clinical outcomes and the incidence of degenerative disease of the adjacent proximal segment using clinical-instrumental algorithm for preoperative planning to O-TLIF.

Materials and Methods:

The prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter cohort study included 351 patients who underwent primary O-TLIF, and the adjacent proximal segment had initial ASD. Two cohorts were identified. The prospective cohort included 186 patients who were operated by using the algorithm of personalized O-TLIF performance. The control retrospective cohort consisted of patients (n = 165), from our own database who had been operated on previously without the algorithmized approach. Treatment outcomes were analyzed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) assessment of pain syndrome, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS) scores of the Short Form 36 questionnaire, frequency of ASDd was compared between studied cohorts.

Results:

Thirty-six months after follow-up, the prospective cohort had better SF36 MCS/PCS outcomes, less disability according to ODI, and lower pain level according to VAS (P < 0.05). The incidence of ASDd in the prospective cohort was 4.9%, which was significantly lower than in the retrospective cohort (9%).

Conclusions:

The prospective use of a clinical-instrumental algorithm for preoperative planning of rigid stabilization, depending on the biometric parameters of the proximal adjacent segment, significantly reduced the incidence of ASDd and improved long-term clinical outcomes compared with the retrospective group.
Case Report: A Case of Post-Transplant Chagas Reactivation after Negative Trypanosoma cruzi Testing
Authors: Shakhtour Omar , Aberra Tsion , Ahmad Huzaifa , Saxena Abhinav , Isaac Imad , Meda Namratha , Gadodia Ritika , Marcus Rachel
Published: March 2023

Patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy carry a significant risk of reactivation after heart transplantation. Reactivation of Chagas disease can lead to graft failure or systemic complications such as fulminant central nervous system disease and sepsis. As such, careful screening for Chagas seropositivity prior to transplant is crucial to preventing negative outcomes in the post-transplant setting. One challenge in screening these patients is the variety of laboratory tests available and their differing sensitivities and specificities. In this case report, we present a patient who tested positive by a commercial Trypanosoma cruzi antibody assay and later tested negative by CDC confirmatory serological analysis. After the patient underwent orthotopic heart transplant, he underwent protocol-based polymerase chain reaction surveillance for reactivation as a result of persistent concerns for T. cruzi infection. It was discovered shortly thereafter that the patient had reactivation of Chagas disease, confirming that he did have Chagas cardiomyopathy prior to transplantation, despite negative confirmatory testing. This case illustrates the complexities of serological diagnosis of Chagas disease and the importance of additional testing for T. cruzi when the post-test probability remains high even with a commercial, negative serologic test.
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction from Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests to Detect Borrelia crocidurae, the Agent of Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever, in Febrile Patients in Senegal
Authors: El Hadji Ibrahima Ndiaye , Diatta Georges , Adama Zan Diarra , Bassene Hubert , Sokhna Cheikh , Parola Philippe
Published: March 2023

In endemic malaria areas, Plasmodium is currently diagnosed mainly through the use of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). However, in Senegal, many causes of fever remain unknown. Tick-borne relapsing fever, an often-neglected public health problem, is the main cause of consultation for acute febrile illness after malaria and flu in rural areas. Our objective was to test the feasibility of extracting and amplifying DNA fragments by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) from malaria-negative RDTs for Plasmodium falciparum (malaria Neg RDTs P.f) to detect Borrelia spp. and other bacteria. Between January and December 2019, malaria Neg RDTs P.f were collected on a quarterly basis in 12 health facilities in four regions of Senegal. The DNA extracted from the malaria Neg RDTs P.f was tested using qPCR and the results were confirmed by standard PCR and sequencing. Only Borrelia crocidurae DNA was detected in 7.22% (159/2,202) of RDTs. The prevalence of B. crocidurae DNA was higher in July (16.47%, 43/261) and August (11.21%, 50/446). The annual prevalence was 9.2% (47/512) and 5.0% (12/241) in Ngayokhem and Nema-Nding, respectively, health facilities in the Fatick region. Our study confirms that B. crocidurae infection is a frequent cause of fever in Senegal, with a high prevalence of cases in health facilities in the regions of Fatick and Kaffrine. Malaria Neg RDTs P.f are potentially a good source of pathogen sampling for the molecular identification of other causes of fever of unknown origin, even in the most remote areas.
Emerging Maripa Hantavirus as a Potential Cause of a Severe Health Threat in French Guiana
Authors: Matheus Séverine , Houcke Stéphanie , Lontsi Ngoula Guy Roger , Lecaros Pablo , Pujo Jean Marc , Higel Nicolas , Ba Absetou , Cook Fabrice , Djahi Patrick , Resiere Dabor , Hommel Didier , Lavergne Anne , Kallel Hatem
Published: March 2023

We describe the clinical parameters and management of nine confirmed cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome reported in French Guiana since 2008. All patients were admitted to Cayenne Hospital. Seven patients were men and the mean age was 48 years (range, 19–71 years). Two phases characterized the disease. The prodromal phase was characterized by fever (77.8%), myalgia (66.7%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (vomiting and diarrhea; 55.6%) starting, on average, 5 days before the illness phase, which was characterized by respiratory failure in all patients. Five patients died (55.6%) and the length of stay in the intensive care unit was 19 days (range, 11–28 days) for survivors. Detection of two back-to-back recent cases highlights the reason to screen for hantavirus infection during the nonspecific phase of the disease, in particular when concomitant pulmonary infection and digestive disorders are observed. Specific longitudinal serological surveys must also be used to identify other potential clinical forms of the disease in French Guiana.
ANALISIS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Sekarsari Febiola Dhea Fajar Putri , Wicaksono Anggit Grahito , Sarafuddin
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan menganalisis proses menerapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning serta menganalisa kelebihan dan kekurangan terhadap pemakaian model Discovery Learning pada pembelajaran matematika kelas V SD Negeri Kestalan 05 Surakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh bahwa proses menerapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning terdiri dari 6 langkah-langkah atau sintaks yaitu stimulus/rangsangan (stimulation), identifikasi masalah (problem statement), pengumpulan data (data collection), pengolahan data (data processing), pembuktian (verification), menarik kesimpulan (generalitation). Dengan menerapkan 6 langkah-langkah tersebut terdapat kelebihan dan kekurangan. Kelebihannya dapat membentuk peserta didik lebih aktif, dapat berpikir kritis secara kelompok maupun individu, membentuk kepribadian yang lebih percaya diri, dapat membantu memperkuat konsep diri, membantu meminimalisir sikap Skeptisme (keraguan), membantu mengembangkan memori dan komunikasi dalam berbagai situasi belajar, dapat menjalin kerjasama, dapat mengembangkan bakat dan kecakapan yang dimiliki, pengetahuan yang diperoleh dapat menguatkan pengertian, ingatan, dan transfer. Sedangkan kelemahannya membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lama, tidak efektif kepada sejumlah yang besar peserta didik, adanya kesalahpahaman diantara guru dan pembelajar, terdapat peserta didik yang tidak mampu melakukan penemuan, terdapat peserta didik yang berbincang dengan kawan lain dan berjalan di kelas.
Designing of Aircraft Reinforced Carbon- Composite Torsion Boxes
Authors: Bolshikh Aleksandr
Published: March 2023

At the initial design stage, there is a problem of determining the thicknesses of the load-bearing elements of an aircraft structure made of composite materials. The paper presents the intelligent design of the composite caisson structural strength. Intelligent design is based on the finite element method. The task of optimization used the objective function of minimum mass and setting some constraints including no types of buckling al-lowed. In optimization, the parameter is the thickness of the element, which changes in the process of minimizing the objective function for elements made of PCM by an amount equal to the thickness of the package. The results show the strength margins of spar webs and rib webs of the caisson of vertical empennage torsion box satisfy the safety factor design.
Optimization of Foam Filled Door Sill for Pure Electric Vehicle
Authors: Djamaluddin Fauzan
Published: March 2023

In this work, the optimization values for several double circular tubes filled with foam under dynamic bending loading are compared. The thin-walled tube is frequently used in vehicle construction, especially on the door sill, to reduce impact. Double circular tubes made of the aluminum alloy AA6063 T6 were filled with foam for this numerical study. Structures are modeled and analyzed using the ABAQUS algorithm. Optimization of tubes determined using Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm version II (NSGA II). Excellent agreement between the results of the simulation and the empirically validated FE model has been attained. Also, It was found that a double circular tube filled with foam absorbs more energy than one that is empty of foam. Hence, it can be recommended that this structure be used as an energyabsorbing part, such as a door sill, for pure electric vehicles (PEV).
Modeling and Simulation of Faulty Induction Motor in DQ Reference Frame Using MATLAB/SIMULINK with MATLAB/GUIDE for Educational Purpose
Authors: Rahmatullah Rohullah , Serteller Necibe Fusun Oyman , Topuz Vedat
Published: March 2023

Owing to their robust structure, induction motors are preferred to be used under difficult working conditions. Therefore, various faults may occur in the motor due to unexpected forces during the operations. Obtaining the data through experimental methods by physically creating faults in the induction motors, and analyzing their behavior is not efficient in terms of cost and time for educational purposes. Considering the above negative situation, in this paper, mathematical models have been developed in the dq0 stationary reference frame expressing three-phase stator windings short-circuit fault and broken rotor bar fault in induction motors. The proposed models are faster as compared to the other analytical models in terms of computation due to the rotor position independence of the inductance matrix. The faulty induction motor mathematical models have been implemented in the MATLAB/SIMULINK software environment with detailed explanations of each faulty model’s subsystem. As a visual laboratory that can be used as an educational tool for the analysis of a three-phase faulty induction motor, a graphical user interface application has been developed in MATLAB/GUIDE, which allows users to simulate models from a single interface. As a case study, the behaviors of faulty induction motors in transient and steady states have been simulated in different severity scenarios of the faults. The park vector method has been used as a fault diagnosis approach to investigate fault types and the fault severity effects on the park vector pattern in each fault scenario. In addition, to observe the success of the developed Simulink toolboxes, they were used at Marmara University through courses in electrical machinery and evaluated by the graduated students at the end of the semester.
Mangrove Kaboa (Aegiceras corniculatum): The Correlation Study of Indigenous People’s Knowledge to Ethnoconservation at Sancang Garut Beach
Authors: Maryani Rina , Hernawati Diana , Putra Rinaldi Rizal
Published: March 2023

Kaboa (Aegiceras corniculatum) is a type of mangrove known as a typical plant in the Sancang Beach area because of its legends and myths. Currently, the number of Kaboa plants on Sancang Beach is decreasing. One of the causes can occur due to human interference, disturbances to the habitat or exploitation of these plants. The reduction of such species can be avoided by knowing the extent of people's knowledge of the Kaboa plant (Aegiceras corniculatum) and the ethnoconservation attitudes carried out. This study used quantitative methods with a correlational approach. It was conducted in Sancang Village, Sagara Village, Karyasari Village, and Karyamukti Village, Garut Regency with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire given to 100 respondents from the four villages. The results showed that local people's knowledge of Kaboa plants was in the good category with an average value of 77.48/100 while the ethnoconservation attitude of the community towards Kaboa plants was in the partial category with an average value of 82.13. The value of the relationship between local community knowledge and ethnoconservation attitudes towards the Kaboa plant is 0.620, which indicates that there is a strong and unidirectional significant relationship between indigenous people's knowledge about the Kaboa plant (Aegiceras corniculatum) and the ethnoconservation attitude carried out. The level of indigenous knowledge that is considered good and the indigenous conservation attitude of the people who are in the category of favoring the Kaboa plant must be maintained and even increased so as to provide opportunities to maintain and preserve the Kaboa plant in its habitat
Ethnoconservation of Jugo Villagers in Ngunggahne Beras Tradition
Authors: Sulistiyowati Tutut Indah , Zunaidah Farida Nurlaila , Primandiri Poppy Rahmatika
Published: March 2023

Ngunggahne Beras is a respect to Dewi Sri as the keeper and fortune giver for farmers. The people of Jugo Village preserve the tradition well. Uborampen prepared by the villagers in the Ngunggahne Beras tradition is different from other villages. The uborampen consists of various plants that are sublime symbols and offering to God. This study is conducted using an ethnographic approach through an in-depth interview with performers of tradition and traditional figures. The interview results show that all plants used in the tradition are obtained from Jugo Village. The plants mostly planted are rose (74%), jasmine (62%), and rice (61%). Plants obtained from other areas include pandan mendong (99%), pinang (betel palm) (96%), and coconut (96%). Therefore, the Ngunggahne Beras tradition is the application of ethnoconservation conducted by the Jugo villagers. Through tradition, the villagers have conserved rose flower (Rosa sp), jasmine (Jasminum sp), white champaca (Michelia alba), cananga (Cananga sp), latundan banana (Musa acuminata), coconut (Cocos nucifera), betel leaf (Piper betle L), dadap serep (Erythrina subumbrans), betel nut (Areca catechu), kebak (Macaranga sp) leaves, pandan mendong (Fimbristylis umbellaris), and rice (Oryza sativa).
Emziren Annelerin Kontraseptif Kullanma Niyetleri ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: ÖZDEMİR GÜL Özden , BEYDAĞ Kerime Derya
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırma, 0-6 aylık bebeği olup bebeğine sadece anne sütü veren annelerin kontraseptif kullanma niyetlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma, Mart-Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında, İstanbul ili Avrupa yakasında hizmet veren bir aile sağlığı merkezine başvuran 165 anne ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, tanıtıcı soru formu ve Kontraseptif Niyet Ölçeği ile elde edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Annelerden üç ve üzeri gebeliği olanların, gebeliği plansız olanların, önceki gebeliğinin üzerinden iki yıldan fazla süre geçenlerin, tekrar gebe kalmayı düşünmeyenlerin, gebelik öncesinde modern yöntem kullananların, şu anda yöntem kullananların ve aile planlaması danışmanlığı almayanların kontraseptif kullanma niyetinin daha yüksek; aile planlaması yöntemini eşi seçen ve emzirmenin yöntem seçimindeki kararını etkilediğini belirtenlerin ise kontraseptif kullanma niyetinin daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır (p
A Review on Textile Scaffolds – For an Effective Healing and Regeneration
Authors: Vinita Singh, Sakshi and Shahnaz Jahan
Published: March 2023

The underlying principle of tissue engineering is the development of biological alternates that involve an integrative field of both
life sciences and engineering. The chapter features the basics of tissue engineering, the strategy for the selection of scaffolds and
different types of materials used and their properties and highlights the employment of textile structures as scaffolds for tissue
repair. The fabrication methodologies of various textile structures and their design are also outlined.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE RESULTS OF PERSONAL INJURY AND PRECAUTIONARY EXAMS. BEFORE AND DURING
Authors: Santos Fernanda , Duarte Maria Luisa
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The covid-19 pandemic revealed the world’s vulnerability in dealing not only with an unknown disease, but also with socio-economic and violent difficulties and consequences, quite harmful to society. Objectives: To analyze the reports of the forensic examinations of personal injuries and precautionary measures carried out at IML Estácio de Lima – Maceió/AL, from 2018 to 2021, considering the changes that could be observed before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Material and methods: Documentary, epidemiological, descriptive, and analytical study through sampling. The variables considered were: gender, age group, origin, verification of the occurrence of bodily harm, the instrument and means used in the aggression, in addition to the answers to the official questions related to bodily harm. Results: Of a total of 2208 reports, 743 were investigations resulting from bodily injury and 1465 were precautionary investigations. The highest percentage of the analyzed reports was of precautionary expertise, constituting 66.34% of the total, with a prevalence of males, representing 92.01%. Regarding the body injury expertise, there was a higher prevalence of females in the age group from 21 to 30 years. Discussion: It was observed that there was no relevant change in the expertise in the previous period and during the pandemic, as precautionary expertise was already predominant, maintaining the predominance of male, young adults. Regarding the body injury expertise, the female gender was more prevalent, representing 63.52% of the reports analyzed during the study. The most evident injuries were those produced by blunt instruments without associations, in a total of 1048, with mild bodily injuries predominating. Conclusion: In view of the findings the authors conclude that there was no significant quantitative or qualitative change related to the analyzed expertise, before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: covid-19, personal injury, violence, medico-legal expertise.
Girls' Diaries as Historical Sources:
Authors: Zima Dubravka
Published: March 2023

The paper interprets two different versions of the girl’s diary of the Croatian author Zora Ruklić, published in 1938 and 1983. In the repeated, supplemented version of the diary, the diarist articulates herself as a member of a radical youth group that in 1911 and 1912 not only participated in student demonstrations in Zagreb but also organized the (unsuccessful) assassination of commissar and ban Slavko Cuvaj in June 1912, the first political assassination in Croatia. As a fifteen-year-old girl, the author directly documented the political events in which she participated, and the two versions of her diary are interpreted in parallel with the help of theories about the genre of the diary of Irina Paperno, Rebecca Hogan, and Philippe Lejeune.
Art of Annotation
Authors: Molnár Gábor Tamás
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to interpret the process of self-documentation in Péter Esterházy’s A Novel of Production (1979), an important Hungarian novel which utilizes extensive endnotes to link a parodic narrative to a body of fictionalized autobiographical commentary. Drawing on theories of play and self-reflexivity as well as critical studies on the history of annotation in nonfiction and fiction, the article presents the structure of Esterházy’s novel and elucidates some textual connections between seemingly disconnected parts. The interpretation focuses on a storyline involving the attempted signing of the fictionalized author, also a lower-league football player, by a club bigger than his current one. The article argues that this narrative demonstrates the intersection of several thematic levels and discourses within the narrative, including football, finance, politics and literature—and illustrates the way in which a complex reality is modeled by the intersections and mutual displacement of competing discourses or fields of play. In conclusion, the article considers the role of self-documentation and self-commentary in the process of semiotic modeling, and links Esterházy’s creative method to Greimas’s semiotic square.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Cardiac abnormalities on Echocardiogram and the use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Nigerian Patients
Authors:   Cardiology Division, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria., Eunice Dr. Aghimien , Festus Dr. Okhimamhe Akhalumhe ,   Adult Intensive Care Unit, Prince Mohammed Bin Naser Hospital, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia., Josephs Prof Veronica ,   Cardiology Division, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
Published: March 2023

Background: An increasing relationship between HIV/AIDS, highly active anti – retroviral therapy (HAART) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been noted over time. The occurrence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) – associated heart disease found in post – mortem studies is notably higher than those diagnosed clinically implying that many HIV/AIDS patients may have cardiac abnormalities that are not diagnosed during their lifetime. This misdiagnosis persists even in the presence of dire consequences such as overt heart failure or even death. Aim: This study set to determine what cardiac abnormalities are present in Nigerian HIV positive patients and what differences exist in the manifestations of these cardiac abnormalities between HIV positive patients who have been on HAART and those who are non-treated with HAART. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study with a comparison group in which two groups consisting of 76 HIV positive treatment naïve and 76 HIV positive HAART treated patients who met the inclusion criteria were sampled. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. All patients had an echocardiography done and data obtained was entered into and analyzed using the IBM-SPSS version 22.0. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant for all statistical comparisons done. Results: Total prevalence of ECHO abnormalities was 91.4% in HIV Positive patients. Echocardiographic cardiac abnormalities were more prevalent in HAART treated patients [94.7%] than treatment naïve patients [ECHO = 88.2%]. The cardiac abnormalities found include increased LVMI, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, increased left ventricular mass, pericardial effusion and abnormalities in left ventricular geometry. Pericardial effusion was more prevalent in treatment naïve patients with treatment naïve patients also noted to have the worst form of left ventricular geometry with over half having abnormal left ventricular geometric patterns compared to about 1/3rd in HAART treated patients. Conclusion: Overall, HAART treated patients had cardiac abnormalities on echocardiogram than treatment naïve patients.
Lexicographic Documentation of an Endangered Language: The Case of Ket
Authors:   University of Zielona Góra, Kotorova Elizaveta , Nefedov Andrey ,   Hamburg University
Published: March 2023

This paper aims at describing and analyzing the main problems faced in the course of making a dictionary of Ket, a unique and highly endangered language spoken in Northern Asia. Among the primary issues discussed are the following: 1. Target audience. There are three variants: (1) language community; (2) academic community; (3) both communities. The survey of existing Ket dictionaries and the present sociolinguistic situation in the Ket community has shown that scholars are by and large the main TA for the dictionary. This was also the determinant factor in dealing with various practical dictionary-related questions. 2. Basic vocabulary. The initial wordlist can be based on: (1) translation of the list of the most frequent words from a European language; (2) extraction of the wordlist from a corpus of texts. (3) thematic elicitation from native speakers. The main peculiarity in compiling a wordlist for the Ket dictionary is connected with the fact that it was initially created on the basis of a hand- written card file dictionary (compiled from a collection of field notes). 3. Dictionary entry. It includes two important components – a lemma and a commentary. 3.1 Lemma. Since the dictionary is primarily targeted at scholars, it uses notation based on IPA. Due to diverse orthographic notations used in the field notes as well as in other sources, dictionary representations of the Ket data required unification. As a result, Ket lemmata are provided in strict phonological transcription, while illustrative contexts are represented in a unified phonetic transcription reflecting dialectal differences. 3.2 Commentary. An obligatory and very important component of the commentary is a certain hierarchic arrangement of word meanings reflected in the corresponding meta-language translations. Linguists compiling dictionaries usually rely on the totality of contexts in which the given word can be found, and, if they are native speakers, upon their own intuition. Those who compile dictionaries of unwritten languages are generally not native speakers, and therefore contexts are of an utmost importance. In this case, each single meaning should be confirmed by an appropriate context. The corpus of illustrative examples for the dictionary is based both on published and unpublished sources. In many cases, the commentaries include encyclopedic information, as it helps to understand certain ethnospecific concepts.
The Three Stage Digital Evolution of Linguistic Humans
Authors: Tokumaru Kumon
Published: March 2023

Digital Linguistics (DL) is an interdisciplinary study that identifies human language as a digital evolution of mammal analog vocal sign communications, founded on the vertebrate spinal sign reflex mechanism [Tokumaru 2017 a/b, 2018 a/b/c/d]. Analog signs are unique with their physical sound waveforms but limited in number, whilst human digital word signs are infinite by permutation of their logical property, phonemes. The first digital evolution took place 66,000 years ago with South African Neolithic industries, Howiesons Poort, when linguistic humans acquired a hypertrophied mandibular bone to house a descended larynx for vowel accented syllables containing logical properties of phonemes and morae. Morae made each syllable distinctive in the time axis and enabled grammatical modulation by alternately transmitting conceptual and grammatical syllables. The sign reflex mechanism is an unconscious self-protection and life-support mechanism, operated by immune cell networks inside the ventricle system. DL identified cellular and molecular structures for the sign (=concept) device as a B lymphocyte (or, in other words, Mobile Ad-Hoc Networking Neuron), connects to sensory, conceptual and networking memories, which consist of its meanings [Table 1]. Its antibodies can network with antigens of CSF-Contacting Neurons at the brainstem reticular formation and of Microglia cells at the neocortex [Figure 1]. It is plausible that the 3D structure of the antigen molecule takes the shape of word sound waveform multiplexing intensity and pitch, and that specifically pairing the antibody molecule consists of three CDRs (Complementality Defining Regions) in the Antibody Variable Region network with the logic of dichotomy and dualism. As sign reflex deals with survival issues such as food, safety and reproduction, it is stubborn, passive and inflexible: It does not spontaneously look for something new, and it is not designed to revise itself. These characteristics are not desirable for the development of human intelligence, and thus are to be overcome. All the word, sensory and network memories in the brain must be acquired postnatally through individual learning and thought. The reason and intelligence of humans depend on how correctly and efficiently humans learn new words and acquire appropriate meanings for them.
The Habitual Past in Amele, Papua New Guinea
Authors:   Shiga University, Nose Masahiko
Published: March 2023

This study attempts to clarify the tense systems in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea; particularly, the past tense and habitual past forms in the sample three languages in the area: Amele, Waskia, and Kobon. This study thus investigates past tense and habitual features, and discusses how the people in the area interpret past events. The study then discusses how these people map their temporal frames in their grammars (“anthropology of time,” Gell 1996). To aid analysis, I have collected data through observing descriptive grammars and fieldwork, finding that Amele exhibits three types of past tense and habitual tense forms, as in (1). Kobon has two distinct simple and remote past tenses, as in (2). Kobon has habitual aspect with the help of the verb “to be.” Waskia, in contrast, has a distinction between realis and irrealis meanings, and the realis forms can indicate past and habitual meanings (two habitual forms: one is include in realis, another is with the help of the verb “stay”), as shown in (3). Amele: Today’s past: Ija hu-ga. “I came (today).” Yesterday’s past: Ija hu-gan. “I came (yesterday).” Remote past: Ija ho-om. “I came (before yesterday).” Habitual past (by adding the habitual form “l”): Ija ho-lig. “I used to come.” (2) Kobon (Davies 1989): Simple past: Yad au-ɨn. “I have come.” Remote past: Nöŋ-be. “You saw” Habitual aspect (by using the verb “mid” to be): Yad nel nipe pu-mid-in. “I used to break his firewood.” (3) Waskia (Ross and Paol 1978): Realis: Ane ikelako yu naem. “I drank some water yesterday.” (simple past) Realis: Ane girako yu no-kisam “In the past I used to drink water” (habitual past) Habitual (by using the verb “bager“ (stay)): Ane girako yu nala bager-em. “In the past I used to drink water.“ We claim that Amele and Kobon have remoteness distinctions; near and remote past, but no such distinction appears in Waskia. The observed habitual usages differ to each other. Nevertheless, the three languages have a grammatical viewpoint of habitual past mapping.
The Typology and Social Pragmatics of Interlocutor Reference Across Asian Speech Communities
Authors:   Université de Montréal, Fleming Luke , Sidnell Jack ,   University of Toronto
Published: March 2023

The study of honorific pronouns largely grew out of work on European languages (Brown and Gilman 1960; Friedrich 1966; Paulston 1976; Slobin 1963) and has developed into a prodigious, and in many ways, fertile literature on so-called ‘address systems’ (Brown & Ford 1961; Braun 1988). Nevertheless, some 60 years after the publication of Brown and Gilman’s (1960) foundational essay, “The Pronouns of Power and Solidarity,” it is perhaps time to imagine how the same discursive phenomena would have been framed with a different empirical point of departure. Here we reconceptualize this domain by focusing on the social pragmatics of speaker- and addressee-reference in Southeast Asian, as well as some East Asian, languages. Reimagined from this vantage point, pronominal address emerges as but one half of a more encompassing domain – the social pragmatics of interlocutor reference. Southeast Asian languages provide speakers with a much wider range of formal resources and functional mechanisms for signaling the relationship between speech act participants (and between these participants and third parties) than do European languages. Formally, Southeast Asian languages are notable for the range of non-pronominal, open-class nouns which can be employed in speaker- and addressee-reference. Functionally, the social indexing of the relationship between speaker and addressee is not only grammaticalized in forms that are employed to refer to the addressee. On the contrary, these languages are notable for elaborating social pragmatic distinctions in speaker-reference as well as addressee-reference. Because Southeast Asian languages recruit a much more expansive range of forms in denoting speech act participants, and because they are not functionally restricted to addressee-reference in activating social pragmatic alternations, they offer the kind of maximally differentiated systems which enable the construction of typological generalizations and implicational universals.
Scale of ‘Relevance’ and Complementarity: Focusing on Schematic and Poetic Formations of Interaction
Authors:   Aichi University, Kataoka Kuniyoshi
Published: March 2023

The interplay of language, cognition, and culture has attracted the utmost attention of linguistic anthropologists since the inception of their discipline. By locating a research juncture for these three themes, this study focuses on both verbal and nonverbal elements employed in an interview with victims of the Fukushima disaster. More specifically, this study explores a scale of ‘relevance’ of these individuals to this disaster at four levels; the linguistic, interactional, schematic, and poetic. I closely examine the third and the fourth levels, the schematic and poetic, by exploring binaries (e.g., ‘depart-return’ and ‘action-thought’) and the poetic configurations emerging online through these binaries during the interview regarding the Great East Japan Earthquake. I also consider corporeal actions by the interviewer that support and mediate listenership whereby individuals coordinate gaze and reactive tokens, effectively involving interlocutors in the poetic construction of multimodal texts during the interviews. Grounded on the multiple levels of complementarity addressed throughout this study, I conclude that subsequent scholarship should examine the holistic orchestration of multi-layered achievements in greater depth, in order to elaborate on ways in which such an orchestration takes shape through a preferred ‘fashion of speaking.’