bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (bevacizumab) in nanophthalmic exudative macular detachment – A new treatment modality
Authors: Deka Satyen , Singh Vajinder
Published: December 2023

Nanophthalmic exudative macular retinal detachment is a known entity, till now the established treatment modality is Scleral Resection. This brief communication suggests a successful new modality of non-surgical, less invasive treatment approach of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor in case of exudate macular detachment related to nanophthalmos.
Oculofacial esthetics in ophthalmology
Authors: Grover Ashok Kumar , Thomas Rwituja , Singh Garvita
Published: December 2023

At present, ophthalmoplasty largely consists of oculofacial esthetic procedures in addition to diseases of the lid, lacrimal, orbit, and oncology. Meticulous pre-operative assessment and technically advanced surgery goes a long way in attaining patient satisfaction. Oculofacial esthetics involve both medical and surgical measures. This review includes the basics of training and setup of esthetic practice, patient selection, and evaluation before esthetic procedures. It dwells on the non-surgical and surgical aspects of commonly performed oculofacial esthetic procedures.
Premium multifocal intraocular lens: Pearls and practices
Authors: Vanathi M. , Kumari Pooja
Published: December 2023

Cataract surgery has gradually evolved from being a visual restoration surgery to a refractive surgery. Patients are gradually shifting from traditional intraocular lens (IOL) to high end premium IOL which provide reduced spectacle dependence and in turn greater patient satisfaction. However, these premium lenses are not without cons and calls for meticulous pre-operative calculation, realistic counseling, and perfect surgical technique. This in-depth review provides insight into the varieties of multifocal IOL, selection criteria, pre-operative planning and calculation, surgical technique, and comprehensive post-operative complication management.
Uncovering the dynamic relationship between intrinsic motivation and basic softball skills: An exploratory analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Charisma Azizah , Mudjihartono  , Sumpena Asep , Gumilar Agus
Published: December 2023

Physical education (PE) is a pivotal domain, offering students valuable opportunities for excelling in multiple sports performances when harmonized with contemporary curricula that emphasize cognitive engagement through intrinsic motivation. This blend has the potential to enhance not only softball skills but also performance across various sports. This study investigated the relationship between intrinsic motivation (interest, enjoyment, and personal challenge) and fundamental softball performance skills among 30 active students (F = 15; M = 15) enrolled in the Indonesian University of Education’s physical education program. It employed an ex post facto research design and quantitative method, utilizing the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) (0.779 > 0.05) and O’Donnell Softball Test (0.701 > 0.05), both instruments demonstrated good reliability and validity. Results from data analysis in IBM SPSS 25.0, reveal that interest and enjoyment moderately correlate but lack of significant impact softball skills. However, personal challenge shows a strong positive correlation with interest and enjoyment. Although personal challenge does not directly influence softball skills, it plays a crucial role in fostering interest and enjoyment in sports. Understanding intrinsic motivation's impact on skill development can inform effective teaching methods and encourage greater engagement in physical activities for improved overall well-being. This research provides insights for educators and coaches to design learning experiences that incorporate challenges and promote intrinsic motivation, enhancing students’ engagement and skill development in physical education activities. Future research could explore intrinsic motivation's impact on softball skills across diverse skill levels, considering factors like the learning environment, individual differences, and coaching styles for optimized skill development.
RAINFALL ANALYSIS FOR CREATING INTENSITY-DURATION-FREQUENCY (IDF) CURVE OF PONTIANAK CITY
Authors: Hidayati Nurul , Soeryamassoeka SB , Herawati Henny
Published: December 2023

Pontianak is a lowland area prone to flooding if it rains with high rainfall intensity. Analysis of the planned flood discharge is needed to overcome the flood problem. The design flood discharge analysis can be calculated using the rational method, which requires rain intensity data in terms of duration and frequency, which can be described as an IDF curve.This research was conducted by calculating the average daily maximum rainfall after conducting consistency and homogeneity tests on the rainfall data used and determining the selected distribution based on the results of statistical parameters. The rain design with various return periods is calculated with the desired distribution that matches Pontianak City. The rainfall intensity calculation uses the Mononobe method because the rainfall data owned is daily rainfall data.The analysis results show that the Log Pearson Type III distribution corresponds to the data distribution in Pontianak. From the IDF curve, it can be seen that high rainfall intensity lasts for a short duration; this can prove the general nature of rain that the faster the rain stays, the higher the rainfall intensity and vice versa. The IDF curve can assist in calculating the design flood discharge.
MENSAGEM DA APAE (1963-1973): EDUCAR OS PAIS PARA EDUCAREM OS EXCEPCIONAIS
Authors: Ferreira Bezerra Giovani
Published: December 2023

Este texto aborda o impresso periódico Mensagem da APAE (1963-1973) para compreender e explicar, na relação entre textualidade e materialidade, o papel atribuído aos familiares de excepcionais. Trata-se de um estudo histórico e Chartier é tomado com a principal referência. Os resultados indicam que o destaque à família como instância educativa para o excepcional endossava a representação de que, ao menos paliativamente, quaisquer agentes poderiam educar as pessoas com deficiência desde que estivessem sensibilizadas para essa tarefa, sob o lema apaeano do “mais amor e compreensão”. Ademais, entre as décadas de 1960 e 1970, as APAEs partiam do pressuposto da higiene social e mental. No caso dos excepcionais, essa abordagem filantrópica foi adotada como estratégia para justificar a necessidade de assistência e educação aos excepcionais, não só pela sua presumida cientificidade, mas também pelo fato de que se coadunava com a moral conservadora que embasava as representações apaeanas em voga.
Synthesis in the context of accounting
Authors: Boreiko N. A. , Matsiush I. V.
Published: December 2023

In modern conditions, the problem of maintaining the stability and continuity of the company’s activities is becoming particularly relevant. The fulfillment of the tasks depends on the ability of the enterprise to quickly adapt to the changing conditions in which it operates, but this alone is no longer enough. In strategic planning, the main role in ensuring the sustainability and continuity of the activities of business entities is played by the ability of the management system to predict the situation for the long term and respond to it in a timely manner. The purpose of the research was to reveal the role and significance of the synthesis method in accounting, namely the ability of accounting to synthesize forecast indicators illustrating the transformation of capital from one form to another as a result of the implementation of certain business processes.As a result of the research carried out, the article formulates a new approach to the essence of the synthesis method in accounting, justifies the need to expand the composition of the elements of the accounting method and include in it the technique of “prototyping accounting models”. The prototype of a working model of the accounting system of the enterprise makes it possible to form information in the context of individual business processes and economic activity as a whole, as well as to predict or forecast various options for the organization.
Objectification and verification of financial information
Authors: Petukh A. V. , Bashkatov V. V. , Shvyreva O. I.
Published: December 2023

The term “financial information” is being actively introduced into all spheres of the economy as a key resource for supporting managerial decision-making at the micro and macro levels. However, it happens that this definition is treated ambiguously, haphazardly, which makes it difficult to apply new scientific knowledge in the regulatory and legal field and in practice. The purpose of the study is to identify the concept of “financial information” for its relevant use in rulemaking and science, as well as to determine the verification features of this type of information generated by economic entities in order to ensure reasonable user confidence in its quality. On the basis of comparative legal and abstract-logical methods, analysis of Russian and international accounting and auditing standards and recommendations, as well as best practices of their application, the key features of financial information are identified, including the form of presentation, relevance to users, compliance with the chosen concept, responsibility for the formation and release. The main characteristics of financial information prepared on the basis of the concepts of its reliable presentation, compliance and special purpose are formulated; its key feature is identified — a time criterion that makes the quality of financial information dependent on the order of its receipt (education), the dates of approval and access to it by the user. It is established that one of the main reasons for the high risk of irrelevant use of financial information in time are events after the reporting date. To determine the directions of risk management, the author’s classification of these events has been developed depending on the probability of a negative forecast. Recommendations on maintaining proper qualitative characteristics of financial information by means of control are given. The practical significance of the study is to increase the objectivity of decision-making on the quality of financial information for both direct use and during internal and external control.
Development of management accounting functions in the corporate governance system
Authors: Grichkina S. N. , Chestnova K. S.
Published: December 2023

Problematic issues of the development of theory of management accounting in context of improving corporate governance and increasing requirements from various stakeholders to its information support are increasingly becoming the object of research by domestic and foreign scientists. The purpose of this study is to identify the trends in the development of management accounting in the conditions of digitalization of the economy, and the transformation of business processes under the influence of changes in business environment as well as justification and substantiation of the new functions of management accounting in connection with the changing requirements of corporate governance and the need to improve its information support. To achieve this goal, the methods of synthesis and analysis, abstraction, deduction and induction, comparison and systematization were used, as well as a critical analysis of existing views on the essence of management accounting, its functions and possible development scenarios, taking into account transformations in accounting science and practice observed in the third decade of the XXI century. In the process of work the results of own researches conducted and received within the framework of the scientific school of the Financial University “Accounting-analytical and control processes of economic subjects of information society” and in the course of practical activity of the authors were used. Based on the analysis of literary sources, the requirements of national and international standards in the field of both accounting and financial reporting and in sustainable development, current accounting practices and corporate governance practices, new management accounting functions have been identified and justified, the implementation of which is aimed at the formation and presentation of better quality data and information as part of corporate reporting with predictive value. The results obtained can be used by economic entities in optimizing accounting and control processes and developing internal regulations on management accounting, as well as by accounting regulatory entities and professional organizations in developing recommendations in the field of management accounting for various economic entities.
World Practice of Applying State Support Measures for Organizations of the Military-Industrial Complex
Authors: Amerslanova A. N. , Pashnin I. V.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to an analytical review of the best global practices in the implementation of measures of state support for organizations of the military-industrial complex (MIC). The purpose of the research was to study international experience in this area and determine its applicability in the context of the development of the Russian Federation’s MIC. The relevance of this work is determined by the need to ensure the solution of operational and strategic tasks of the Russian Federation’s military-industrial complex in the conditions of sanctions pressure from certain countries and the importance of assessing the available measures of state support for organizations of the complex. The study analyses the American Defense Manufacturing Community Support Program, which has been implemented in the United States since 2019. The program is based on the development of cooperation between public and private organizations, including enterprises of the military-industrial complex, scientific organizations, as well as local governments. The structure of the program provides for the formation of a community that brings together stakeholders to ensure sustainable development and competitiveness of the defense industrial complex. As part of the study of European experience, the activities of The European Defense Fund, established in the European Union in 2021 on the initiative of the Commission for the Support of Defense Cooperation of the European Union, were examined. The fund is focused on supporting and developing the European defense-industrial complex by financing innovative research, development and joint projects of international importance. The main objectives of the fund include increasing autonomy and competitiveness in the defense industry, as well as promoting integration and cooperation between the member states of the European Union. Within the framework of the article, each practice was analyzed, and conclusions have been drawn about what ideas from international practice could be applied in the development of the defense-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The results of the study can be used by the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the Foundation for Advanced Studies and other state structures and organizations that determine the policy in the field of defense industry regulation as proposals for further development of state support measures in the Russian Federation.
Reescrever o tempo
Authors: Oliveira Neto João Joel de , Mendes José Ernandi , Medeiros Emerson Augusto de
Published: December 2023

O presente texto, por meio de memórias educativas, objetivou analisar narrativas orais a respeito da experiência de criação e funcionamento da Biblioteca Popular Jacinta Sousa e das atividades desenvolvidas nesse espaço, na então Comunidade de Resistência Araguaia (Comunidade Araguaia), em Jaguaruana – Ceará (CE), Brasil, que à época reivindicava a desapropriação da fazenda Védica Maharishi – Paraíso. O texto elenca as principais atividades político-educativas promovidas pela biblioteca popular, bem como seu referido impacto dentro da comunidade. Por fim, também se levou em conta os desafios e os obstáculos para a concretização da referida experiência, contextualizando-a ao momento de ruptura o qual a comunidade vivenciava, culminando no processo de transição da biblioteca de uma comunidade para outra.
Empowerment of PT. MSEs/Individual for Participating in Government Procurement of Goods and Services
Authors: Hukunala Sandy , Seleky Adolof
Published: December 2023

The obstacles faced by micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in participating in public procurement even though they are legal entities are related to the system, culture, and human resources implementing public procurement. The first obstacle is Indonesia's rigid and inflexible public procurement system. The qualification requirements set by the government often do not match the capabilities of MSMEs. In addition, the lack of internet network access support in the regions makes it difficult for MSMEs to participate in the procurement of goods and services. The second obstacle is the culture of corruption, collusion, and nepotism (KKN) that is still inherent in the Indonesian bureaucracy. Goods and services procurement is one of the biggest contributors to corruption cases in Indonesia. The third barrier is the limited human resources, both in terms of numbers and competencies, owned by MSMEs. MSMEs often have inadequate quality of human resources, especially in terms of knowledge and skills in the field of goods and services procurement. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and conceptual approach. The purpose of this research is to find out what causes MSEs to be difficult to participate in the procurement of government goods and services even though they are legal entities. This research is expected to contribute to the development and improvement of the public procurement system, so that in practice it can involve more micro, small, and medium enterprises, especially those that already have legality and meet technical requirements.
Диастолическая дисфункция левого желудочка при гипермобильности суставов у детей
Authors: Mammadova F.M  , Taghizada T.G  , Hidayatova L.A.  , Hajiyeva U.K.  , Hasanov A.G.  , Hasanova N.S.  , Safarova I.A.
Published: December 2023

Целью исследования явилось определение диастолической функции левого желудочка у детей с гипермобильностью суставов (ГМС). Материалы и методы. Под нашим наблюдением находилось 29 детей с ГМС в возрасте 12-17 лет (средний возраст 14,1±2,2 лет). Оценка ГМС проводилась с помощью шкалы Бейтон. Группу сравнения составили 16 здоровых детей соответствующего возраста. Всем детям проводилось допплер-эхокардиографическое исследование с определением митральной регургитации (МР) и показателей трансмитрального кровотока. Полученные цифровые данные подверглись статистической обработке в таблицах EXCEL с использованием пакета Statistica 10.0. Результаты и обсуждение. Дети с ГМС без признаков МР не продемонстрировали существенных отличий в показателях в сравнении со здоровыми детьми.
COVID-19 keçirmiş uşaqlarda multisistem iltihabı sindromun klinik-immunolojı təzahürləri və gediş xüsusıyyətləri
Authors: Cəfərova S.
Published: December 2023

2019-cu ilin dekabr ayının sonlarında Çin höküməti Uhan şəhərində SARS-CoV2 virusunun səbəb olduğu pnevmoniya barədə elan verdi və 10 yanvar 2020-ci il tarixində xəstənin aşağı tənəffüs yolundan alınmış nümunədə tapılmış virusun genom ardıcıllığı bunun yeni növ koronavirus olduğunu təsdiqlədi. Ümumdünya Səhiyyə Təşkilatı (ÜST) bu patogeni “2019 yeni koronavirus (2019-nCoV)” (COVID-19) adlandırdı. 12 Mart 2020-ci il tarixində ÜST COVID-19-un pandemiya statusuna çatdığını elan etdi. [1,2,3] COVİD-19 pandemiyanın baş verdiyi aylardan bəri bütün dünyada uşaqlar arasında xəstələnmə halının az olması və xəstəliyin uşaq əhalisi arasında daha yüngül keçməsi haqqında müxtəlif fikirlər irəli sürülürdü.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa və digər bakteriyalarda biotəbəqənin yaranma mexanizmi və Quorum Sensing Sistemi.
Authors: A.R.Ilyaszade  , K.C.Mammadova  , E.A.Mammadov
Published: December 2023

Mikroorqanizmlərin bir səth üzərində toplanması və antibiotiklərə davamlılıq əmələ gətirmə xüsusiyyətləri son zamanların ən aktual mözvularından biridir. Bir çox antibiotiklər daxil olmaqla ətraf mühitin əlverişsiz şəraitinə qarşı həyatda qalmaq üçün mikroorqanizmlər biotəbəqə adlandırılan bir srtuktur əmələ gətirirlər (1). Biotəbəqə əmələ gətirən bakteriyalar müxtəlif xroniki infeksiyalara səbəb olur (2,3,4). Bu tip xroniki infeksiyaların mövcud antimikrob preparatlar istifadə edərək müalicəsi olduqca çətindir (5).
Uşaqlarda baş beyin (serebral) mənşəli kəskin qıcolmalar (tutmalar)
Authors: Eriksson Kai  , Jonsson Henna  , Seyidov Nabil
Published: December 2023

Huşun itirilməsi ilə gedən tutmalar uşaqlar üçün ən təhlükəli tutma formasıdır və təcili aktiv müalicə tələb edir. Lakin tutmaların əksəriyyəti qısa müddət ərzində (4 dəqiqədən az) və özbaşına olaraq sona çatır. Tutma bir neçə dəqiqə ərzində spontan olaraq dayanmırsa və ya əvvəlki qıcolma epizodundan çıxmamış digər bir tutma halı təkrarlanırsa, ilk yardım üçün nəzərdə tutulmuş dərman preparatının istifadəsi tələb olunur. Uzun müddətli epileptik tutma təcili yardım tələb edən və həyat üçün təhlükə yaradan fövqəladə bir vəziyyətdir və belə hal 5 dəqiqədən çox davam edərsə, bu hal təhlükəli epileptik status kimi müalicə edilir.
Canlı donordan qaraciyər transplantasiyası: Azərbaycanda orqan köçürülməsi, etik məsələlər və donor seçimi
Authors: Seyidov Nabil
Published: December 2023

Donor orqanların çatışmazlığı qaraciyər transplantasiyana məhdudiyyətlər yaradır. ABŞ-da, məsələn, hər il 6.000 qaraciyər transplantasiyası həyata keçirilir. Lakin, hər il 2.000-dən çox xəstə qaraciyər transplantasiyası almadığı üçün ölür. Canlı donordan qaraciyər transplantasiyası daha çox xəstəyə qaraciyərin köçürülməsi imkanı yaradır. Sol payın lateral seqmentinin canlı donordan alaraq resipiyentə köçürülməsi pediatrik xəstələrdə çox uğurlu nəticələr verir. Bəzi transplantasiya mərkəzlərində qaraciyərin sağ payının və daha az hallarda sol payının yaşlı donordan yaşlı resipiyentə köçürülməsi həyata keçirilir.

Canlı donordan qaraciyərin köçürülməsinin aşağıdakı üstünlükləri var: donorun geniş müayinəsi və ya skrininqinin aparılması (yararlığının yoxlanılması), transplantasiya əməliyyatı üçün ən optimal vaxtın təyin edilməsi və soyuq işemiya vaxtının qısa olması.

Bununla yanaşı canlı donordan qaraciyərin köçürülməsi (CDQK) həm də qaraciyərə ehtiyacı olan resipiyentlər arasında ölüm hallarının azalması (mortalite) ilə bağlıdır. Bu isə ölü donordan qaraciyəri gözləyərkən ölən xəstələrlə müqayisədə daha azdır.
Çoxprofilli klinikalarda cərrahi yara infeksiyalarının etiologiyası
Authors: Atakişizadə S.A.
Published: December 2023

Cərrahi müdaxilə nahiyyəsi infeksiyaları (CMNİ) xəstəxanadaxili infeksiyalar arasında 30%-dən çox rast gılinməklə sidik yolları infeksiyaları və pnevmoniyalardan sonra üçüncü yerdə durur. Effektli müalicə və profilaktika məqsədilə hər bir cərrahi klinikada rast gəlinən CMNİ törədiciləri və onların antibiotiklərə qarşı həssaslığı qabaqcadan nəzərə alınmalıdır. Tədqiqatın məqsədi 2014-2016-cı illərdə ATU Tədris Cərrahiyyə klinikasında rast gəlinən CMNİ etioloji agentlərinin və onların antimikrob preparatlara həssaslıq və rezistentliyinin araşdırılması olmuşdur. Araşdırma nəticəsində CMNİ əsas törədicilərinin S.aureus, P.aeruginosa, E.coli, Klebsiella cinsli bakteriyalar, eləcə də Candida cinsli göbələklər olması müəyyən edilmişdir. P.aeruginosa, E.coli və Klebsiella cinsli bakteriyalar əksər antibiotiklərə davamlı olması ilə fərqlənmişlər. E.coli və Klebsiella cinsli bakteriya ştammlarının əksəriyyətində genişlənmiş spektrli beta-laktamaza (ESBL), P.aeruginosa ştammlarının isə təqribən yarısında induksiya olunan beta-laktamaza (İsBL) produksiyası müəyyən edilmişdir.
The effectiveness of oral zinc supplementation in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Orujov Zaur
Published: December 2023

The role of zinc in biochemical reactions in the human body and the need for sufficient intake of zinc have been known to science for long time. Zinc is a cofactor of more than 300 biochemical reactions, including those occurring in the liver. The human genome encodes about 3,000 zinc proteins. At least thirty proteins homeostatically control the vesicular accumulation and intracellular distribution of zinc, as well as the concentration of zinc ions (1). In 20% of patients with compensated and 50% of patients with decompensated cirrhosis of the liver, both quantitative and qualitative nutritional problems are observed (2). There is still not much work and recommendations on the diet of patients with hepatic encephalopathy in the modern doctor’s arsenal. A review of articles describing the effectiveness of adding zinc to the diet of patient with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy, as we know, has not been conducted yet. The purpose of this review is a detailed analysis of the available scientific data on the effectiveness of zinc in patients with hepatic encephalopathy and, if it is possible, the development of specific recommendations for medical practitioners, as well as identification of perspective directions for further researches.
Изменение в костях при промежуточной β-талассемии
Authors: Кафарова Ш.С.
Published: December 2023

Промежуточная β-талассемия представляет собой клиническое состояние средней тяжести между малой талассемией и большой талассемией. Эти пациенты не нуждаются в регулярных переливаниях крови в течение всей жизни, хотя им могут понадобиться трансфузии крови в определенных клинических условиях и обычно в течение определенного периода времени (операция, беременность, инфекция). Промежуточная талассемия имеет широкий клинический спектр, от формы с умеренной анемией (уровень гемоглобина 70-100 г / л) до состояния с более тяжелой анемией, проявляющейся в первые 2-6 лет жизни. Поскольку этим пациентам обычно не требуется рутинное переливание, как упоминалось выше, промежуточная талассемия классифицируется как трансфузионно-независимая талассемия [1-3]. Этим пациентам, как и больным с большой талассемией, требуется тщательное внимание клинициста для улучшения качества жизни [4-7].
Cross-sectional and descriptive study of centrofacial fractures at the Cocody University Hospital Center from 2016 to 2020
Authors: Koffi Konan Marc , Alexandre De Misères Ory Opokou , Laurent Boka Koffi , Lucien Jonathan Yapo Aké , Lucien Asseke Assoumou , Béatrice Harding Mouan , Bakary Ouattara , Béatrice Ettien
Published: December 2023

Background/Aim: Centrofacial fractures resulting from high-impact violence can be considered mild traumatic brain injuries. Given the complexities and associated risks, a comprehensive examination of these fractures is warranted. These fractures are increasingly prevalent among young adult patients and are commonly associated with road traffic accidents. In the literature, only a few studies have focused on this particular type of facial bone lesion. In Ivory Coast, no studies have been conducted on these fractures, which highlights the importance of our research aimed at describing the epidemiological and anatomical-clinical characteristics of centrofacial fractures in the stomatology and maxillofacial surgery department of the Cocody Teaching Hospital.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Cocody University Hospital Center from January 2016 to December 2020.
Results: The prevalence of these fractures was 24.20%, with a predominance of male subjects. The age group most affected was 20 to 40 years old, accounting for 70.96% of cases, and most patients resided in Abidjan (59%). All socio-economic categories were represented, with a higher proportion of individuals in liberal professions (91.4%). Road traffic accidents involving two-wheeled vehicles were the primary cause of these fractures (76.8%), with the most common injury site being the naso-ethmoido-maxillo-fronto-orbital complex (NEMFOC) (32.5%).
Conclusion: The epidemiological characteristics of centrofacial fractures associated with two-wheeled vehicles in the Abidjan metropolis of Côte d'Ivoire suggest the need for increased accountability among motor vehicle drivers and stricter enforcement of traffic laws.
Comparative Study on Prediction of Survival Event of Heart Failure Patients Using Machine Learning and Statistical Algorithms
Authors: Oyewunmi O. E. , Aladeniyi O. B. , Bodunwa O. K.
Published: December 2023

In a pressing global health concern with substantial morbidity and mortality rates, accurate survival prediction is paramount for informed decision-making and enhanced patient well-being. This study presented a comparative investigation aimed at predicting the survival events of heart failure (HF) patients through the utilization of both machine learning and statistical algorithms. A comprehensive dataset drawn from Allied Hospital and the Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Faisalabad, Pakistan, was used. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) was employed on the data to rectify the imbalance, and a notable improvement was observed. To ascertain significant variables, statistical methods (Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square) were compared with machine learning-based feature selection to identify pivotal features for survival prediction, namely ejection fraction and serum creatinine. Remarkably, on final training with these features, the Random Forest Classifier emerges as the top-performing model, boasting an accuracy exceeding 90%. These findings hold the potential to substantially enhance patient prognosis, management, and outcomes, consequently alleviating the strain on healthcare systems. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2023-05-02-01 Full Text: PDF
Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys
Authors: Harzhauser Mathias , Piller Werner E.
Published: December 2023

The Vienna Basin and the Styrian Basin have been cornerstones for the definition and description of the Central Euro-pean Sarmatian Stage. New inter-and intrabasin correlations of well-logs and surface outcrops reveal a rather uniform development of depositional systems in all considered basins, which excludes local autocyclic processes as the sole trigger. The lithostratigraphy of these basins is critically summarized and the Wolfsthal Member is introduced as a new lithostratigraphic unit. The more than 1000-m-thick Sarmatian basin-fill is recorded in geophysical logs by a characteristic succession of serrated funnel-to bell-shaped curves separated by shale-line intervals. The correlative floodings are well preserved in marginal settings and accessible in surface outcrops. Slight falls of the relative sea-level are also reflected in the littoral zone by erosive surfaces, caliche formation and progradation of fluvial facies. The stratigraphic position and duration of the Sarmatian suggests a relation to the 3 rd order cycle TB. 2.6. Internally, two 4 th order cycles are depicted. An exact correlation with Mediterranean standard stages and the "Haq-cycles" is difficult due to the endemic marine fauna that flourished in the nearly land-locked Paratethys Sea during the Sarmatian. This obstacle may be overcome by a first cautious calibration of the sedimentary sequence with astronomical target curves. Hence, the 400-Ka eccentricity component might have triggered the 4 th order cycles, with the maximum flooding surfaces coinciding with the maxima of that band. An overall trend from a pelitic-siliciclastic Lower Sarmatian 4th order cycle towards an oolitic Upper Sarmatian 4 th order cycle could be forced by the inflection of the 2.35-Ma component. The tentative calibration requires a new positioning of the Badenian/Sarmatian boundary close to 12.7 Ma, which would fit excellently to the glacio-eustatic isotope event MSI-3. The coincidence of the final retreat of the sea from the Molasse Basin with a major phase of progradation of alluvial fans into the Styrian and the Vienna Basins suggests a pulse of uplift in the eastern Alpine region at 12.1-12.3 Ma.
The Massignano Eocene-Oligocene golden spike section revisited
Authors: Van Mourik Caroline A. , Brinkhuis Henk
Published: December 2023

In common practice, the Eocene/Oligocene (E/O) boundary is linked to the Oi-1 d18O benthic isotope event, reflecting the oldest phase of major Antarctic glaciation, calibrated against magnetosubchron C13n. Yet, the IUGS-ratified, current E/O Global Stratigraphic Section and Point (GSSP) at the pelagic Massignano quarry section, central Italy, occurs within the older magnetosubchron C13r. To extend the Massignano record further into the early Oligocene, to include the critical C13n episode missing in the surface section, a core was drilled in the direct vicinity of the quarry section. First correlations between the core and the quarry section have recently been proposed. In this paper, we use high-resolution organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) analysis to significantly improve correlation between the two sections. In addition, we build on earlier studies, and demonstrate that the current E/O GSSP criterion, which is based on the local extinction of the tropical planktonic foraminifera genus Hantkenina represents an isolated event that is not suitable for global correlation. Instead, we argue that selection of the Oi-1 event be the main criterion for the determinating the E/O boundary, and that this provides a much better basis for global correlation, Moreover, the Oi-1 is also related to the TA4.3/4.4 third order sequence boundary and the last occurrence of the dinocyst Areosphaeridium diktyoplokum. Selection of this slightly younger criterion would place the upper boundary of the classic Priabonian Stage back in the latest Eocene, and the base of the Rupelian Stage in the earliest Oligocene. Since the proposed correlative Oi-1 event level is not represented in the surface (quarry) section, but only resides in the cored section at Massignano, a new GSSP site should be selected, for example in one of the other central Italian sections that does span C13n.
Upper Cretaceous sequence stratigraphy, sea-level fluctuations and Oceanic Anoxic Events 2 and 3, Northeastern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Liu Kaiyu
Published: December 2023

The relationship between Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs) and sea-level fluctuations can be determined by placing OAE sediments into an integrated sequence stratigraphic framework based on biostratigraphic age control, and regional seismic and well-log data. Two Upper Cretaceous black shale units in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico area, the Marine Tuscaloosa shale and the downdip Eutaw shale, are interpreted to be deposited in association with Late Cretaceous OAE 2 (Cenomanian–Turonian boundary event) and OAE3 (late Coniacian – early Santonian). TheMarine Tuscaloosa shale accumulated during the maximum flooding event of the UKI sequence (middle Cenomanian to upper Turonian); and the downdip Eutaw shale accumulated as the early transgressive systems tract of theUKII sequence (upperConiacian to upperCampanian). These OAEs can be classified into two categories according to their sequence stratigraphic positions. Type I OAE (e.g., OAE 2) occurred during a maximum flooding event, and the black shale associated with this type of event was deposited in an open shelf environment. Type II OAE (e.g., OAE 3) occurred during the early phase of a marine transgression that resulted in the inundation of large coastal areas and the formation of lagoons and estuaries, which acted to trap large quantities of terrestrial organic carbon.
Biostratigraphy and strontium isotope dating of Oligocene-Miocene strata, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sharaf Essam F. , BouDagher-Fadel Marcelle K. , Simo J. A. (Toni) , Carroll A. R.
Published: December 2023

ligocene-Miocene carbonate and siliciclastic strata exposed in the East Java basin can be grouped into three stratigraphic intervals or formations: from oldest to the youngest, they are the Kujung, Tuban and Ngrayong Formations. The Bulu Member of Wonocolo Formation caps the studied stratigraphic succession. Each of these stratigraphic intervals is defined by its fossil assemblages and lithologic characteristics. However, the most dominant fossils in all formations are warm water, shallow marine groups including larger benthic foraminifera, hermatypic corals and coralline algae. Larger foraminifera and planktonic foraminifera overlap in occurrence in many localities allowing direct comparison of larger foraminifera “letter stages" biozones with oceanic plankton scales. The biostratigraphic ranges of the identified larger benthic and planktonic foraminifera have been tied to the ages constrained from the strontium isotope dating of some of the most abundant large benthic foraminifera. Foraminiferal assemblages and strontium data have provided precise age ranges of the different stratigraphic units such as the ages of Lower Kujung (late Early Oligocene, Rupelian P20-Late Oligocene, Te1-4, 28.78 - 28.27 Ma respectively), Upper Kujung (Late Oligocene, Chattian, P22, Te1-4- Early Miocene, Aquitanian, -N4, -Te5, 24.31- 23.44 Ma respectively), Tuban (late Early Miocene, Burdigalian- Middle Miocene, Langhian, N5-N9, Te5-Tf1, 20.80 – 15.25 Ma respectively ) and Ngrayong (late Middle Miocene, Serravallian, N10-N12, Tf2,~5.00-~13.00 Ma) Formations. The age boundaries between the lithostratigraphic units have also been determined such as Upper Kujung and Tuban (22 Ma), Tuban-Ngrayong (15.25 Ma) Formations and Ngrayong Formation-Bulu Member (12.98 Ma).
Hydrostratigraphy of the New Jersey Coastal Plain: Sequences and facies predict continuity of aquifers and confining units
Authors: Sugarman Peter J. , Miller Kenneth G. , Browning James V. , Kulpecz Andrew A. , McLaughlin, Jr. Peter P. , Monteverde Donald H.
Published: December 2023

The regional extent and connectivity of Cretaceous to Miocene aquifer sands in the New Jersey Coastal Plain are evaluated using detailed facies analysis within a sequence stratigraphic framework.We correlate sequences from continuous coreholes using well logs to trace strike and dip sections throughout this region, allowing us to predict the continuity of confining units and aquifer sands. Marine sequences follow a predictable shallowing upward pattern: fine-grained shelf and prodelta sediments grade upward into delta front and shallow-marine sands, corresponding to confining unit-aquifer couplets. Aquifer sands deposited inmarine shelf environments tend to be continuous on the 10+ km (6.2 mi) scale and are traceable for >60 km (37.3 mi) along strike and >25 km (15.5 mi) along dip. Confining units for these marine sequences are typically shelf or prodelta silty clays that are even more laterally continuous than their associated aquifer sands.Marginalmarine to non-marine sequences aremore difficult to predict due to a lack of continuous marine marker beds, difficulty in interpreting paleoenvironments of thick sand beds, and lack of fossil material except pollen for biostratigraphy. Marginal to non-marine sequences are generally less continuous, though some show surprising lateral continuity along strike (>60 km [37.3 mi]), reflecting the widespread extent of delta front environments.We conclude that sequence stratigraphy provides a predictive framework for aquifers and confining units, but that regional and local differences in sediment supply and tectonics affect the development of the hydrostratigraphic framework.
Review of A Geologic Time Scale 2004 by F. M. Gradstein, J. Ogg and A. Smith
Authors: Berggren William A.
Published: December 2023

Review
Diagnóstico de la planificación didáctica efectuada por alumnado normalista: intervención para perfeccionarla
Authors: Alfonso García. María Rosa , Lozano González Alma Rosa Lydia
Published: December 2023

En los límites del problema de investigación relacionado con la necesidad de perfeccionar la planificación didáctica que desarrollan los alumnos normalistas de la especialidad Geografía e Historia, se plantean los siguientes objetivos: valorar sus apreciaciones sobre la planificación didáctica, analizar su situación actual, y modelar y fundamentar una intervención pedagógica al respecto. Método. Desde un diseño cualitativo de carácter fenomenológico descriptivo, se diagnostica el estado actual de la planificación de los estudiantes del séptimo semestre de la Escuela Normal Superior de Monterrey. Se trabajó con un grupo focal, completamiento de frases y observación estructurada y global, explorándose sus concepciones acerca de la planificación y cómo planifican, para posteriormente efectuar acciones de intervención mediante dos talleres para socializar el diagnóstico efectuado y propiciar construcciones conjuntas sobre cómo perfeccionar esta actuación docente. Resultados. El diagnóstico preliminar arrojó que los alumnos normalistas se encontraban satisfechos con el programa de estudios de 1999 que cursaban, adecuados conocimientos acerca de la importancia de la planeación y la aceptación de este proceso en el plano declarativo, pero al planificar sus clases, no modelan todos los componentes del currículo, destacándose insuficiencias en el componente evaluativo y en las actividades de aprendizaje. Los talleres desarrollados fueron muy aceptados por los futuros docentes quienes declararon un enriquecimiento de su marco referencial acerca de la planeación didáctica.
Constipation in the critically ill
Authors: Christensen Mathilde Elsa , Klette Maria Ingrid Bianca , Hansen Britt Sætre
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims and objectives: To define constipation in the critically ill patient and to develop an evidence-based protocol for how critical care nurses and physicians can prevent and treat constipation in the critically ill patient admitted in the ICU.

Background: Constipation is a common complication amongst critically ill patients. The rate of constipation is reported from 15-83%. Basic nursing tasks in a high-tech environment might get low priority and lead to care left undone. Constipation increases both morbidity and mortality and is associated with worse functional outcomes in these patients. Management of constipation is therefore of medical and health economic interest and is an area where significant improvement is possible.

Design: A systematic review was conducted supported by an expert librarian, and an evidence-based protocol was developed based on research findings and consensus from an interdisciplinary group.

Methods: 19 studies investigating preventative and management measures of constipation in the critically ill admitted in the ICU were included. Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) was used to provide rigorous methodology in the development of the evidence-based protocol. Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) was applied to assess the quality of the included studies.  

Conclusion: A systematic interprofessional approach to prevention and treatment of constipation is important to be able to evaluate and improve continuously in an evidence-based manner.  More research is needed. Studies investigating non-pharmacological measures are scares.

Relevance to clinical practice: This evidence-based protocol represents a systematic (and not individual) approach to interprofessional prevention and treatment of constipation in the critically ill. This interprofessional approach may ensure better quality of advanced nursing care in the ICU. The evidence-based protocol must be implemented in education of advanced nursing and physician programs.
Effectiveness of the visually enlarged numerical rating scale for pain management in mechanically ventilated patients: A retrospective before-and-after study
Authors: Ouchi Akira , Sakuramoto Hideaki , Kikuchi Ruriko , Aikawa Gen , Kobayashi Shunsuke , Enomoto Yuki , Hoshino Tetsuya , Shimojo Nobutake , Inoue Yoshiaki
Published: December 2023

Background: Self-report pain assessment scales help avoid underestimating patients’ pain.

Aims: To assess the effectiveness of the visually enlarged 0–10 numerical rating scale (NRS-V) for pain management in mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods: The NRS-V was used at each bedside during the intervention phase. Patients mechanically ventilated for ≥48 h were included. The pain assessment rates using the NRS and patient outcomes were compared between the control and intervention groups.

Findings: Overall, 196 patients were enrolled (control group, 97; intervention group, 99). The pain assessment rate using the NRS was significantly higher during the intervention than during the control phase (63.3% vs 36.7%, P<0.001). On multivariate regression analysis, the intervention was associated with a decreased agitation incidence (Poisson coefficient, -0.82; 95% confidence interval, -1.47– -0.16).

Conclusion: NRS-V was associated with an increased pain assessment rate and a decreased agitation incidence in mechanically ventilated patients.
Implementation of an early mobility protocol in the neuroscience ICU
Authors: Jarvis Jessica , Blessing Robert , Naglee Colleen , Reynolds Staci
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Early mobility is a safe and effective intervention to improve patient outcomes in the neuroscience intensive care unit (ICU). However, mobilization of patients in a neuroscience ICU within an academic medical center was suboptimal, with less than 36% of patients achieving their highest level of mobility.

Aim: The purpose of the quality improvement project was to develop and implement a multidisciplinary early mobility protocol, including a safety-screening tool.

Methods: Iterative Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were implemented from April to August 2022. The screening tool assisted nurses in assessing the patient’s eligibility for early mobilization. A mobility section addressing patient-specific mobility screening, barriers to mobility, and a daily mobility plan was added to the provider note templates. Baseline data were collected from September to November 2021; post-implementation data were collected from April to August 2022.

Results: There was a reduction in the mean time between admission to the first documented out of bed activity from 3.24 to 2.01 days, p=.061. The mean number of documented out of bed activities significantly increased from 6.13 to 8.35, p = .002. Hospital length of stay significantly decreased from 19.8 to 12.42 days, p=.006.

Conclusions: Implementing an early mobility screening tool and protocol in the neuroscience ICU increased mobility for patients with neurological diagnoses. Other hospitals should consider implementing a similar process to help improve patient outcomes.