bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Internal Locus of Control in Young Children through Play Activities: A Case of Model-Preschool, Haramaya University, Ethiopia
Authors: Shumetu Misahun Taye , Regassa Tesema Regassa
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate the practice of play activities in enhancing the internal locus of control among young children at Haramaya University's Model-Preschool. Employing a qualitative approach with an intrinsic case study design, data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with four preschool teachers, one preschool principal, and observation of play activities. The data was analyzed through the thematic data analysis technique, from which three major themes emerged: utilization of play activities, teachers' participation in facilitating play activities, and challenges encountered while facilitating play activities. The study's finding indicate that various play activities, such as open-ended play, problem-solving play, and creativity play, are employed to promote this crucial developmental skill. The preschool teachers reported employing a range of strategies to facilitate play activities that foster an internal locus of control, such as providing children with choices and constructive feedback. However, bottlenecks such as an inaccessible school environment, large class sizes, inadequate preschool teacher training, and insufficient resources were also identified as limiting factors in facilitating play activities that encourage an internal locus of control. Ultimately, the research concludes that participation in play activities can effectively aid in the development of young children's internal locus of control. Teachers who intentionally provide children with opportunities to make decisions, solve problems, and receive positive feedback can assist in cultivating a sense of self-efficacy and the conviction that they have control over their own outcomes.
Assessing Community Attitudes Towards Home-Based Male Caregivers for Daycare Children
Authors: Adedokun Theophilus Adedayo , Adedokun Elizabeth Temilade
Published: May 2024

This study explored community attitudes toward home-based male caregivers for daycare children in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. The aim was to understand perspectives on using male versus female caregivers. Respondents included equal numbers of married men and women aged 30-50 years old. The study asked about their willingness to use male caregivers, reasons behind their decision, expected impacts on children, and need for societal change. The study took place in Ogbomoso South and North Local Government of Nigeria, where 32 parents and prospective parents were surveyed about their attitudes toward home-based male caregivers for daycare children. A qualitative approach was used, with accidental sampling. Inductive thematic analysis elicited key themes shaping attitudes and norms. A prevalent theme was associating caregiving with inherent female capabilities and maternal duties - many felt women naturally provide superior nurturing and care while men lack these innate aptitudes. Alongside this was strong distrust of males with children, stemming from abuse and misconduct fears. However, some felt gender irrelevant, professing egalitarian ideals. But pursuing equality conflicted with lingering scepticism about men's care motivations. It's apparent that parents lack a framework for choosing caregivers yet choose for their children. Such a framework could help bridge the gender inequality gap in caregiving.
How Does Organization Network and Market Orientation Affect Marketing Performance? Case of PTPN IX Downstream Products, Central Java
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi , Heridiansyah Jefri , Susetyarsi Theresia , Safari Teti , Prabowo Catur
Published: May 2024

This  study  aims  to  determine  the  effect  of  organizational  network  and  market orientation  on  marketing  performance  on  downstream  products  of  PTPN  IX Central  Java.  The  sample  is  34  respondents  with  a  nonprobability  sampling technique using the census method. The  independent variables in this study are organizational  networks  and  market  orientation,  then  the  dependent variable  is marketing  performance.  The  data  collection   method  used  in  this  study  is  a questionnaire. The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the research results, organizational networks   positively   and   significantly   affect   marketing   performance.   The   market orientation has a positive and significant effect on the marketing performance of downstream  products  of  PTPN  IX  in  Central  Java.  Marketing  performance impacts  sales  turnover,  sales  increase  and  marketing  reach.  Therefore, management must pay attention to every relationship, whether friends, business relations  or  partner  companies,  both  large  and  small,  and  fulfill  customer orientation, threats from competitors, and market information.
Numerical Study on Characteristics and Hazard Consequences of the Hydrogen Cloud Explosion in a Hydrogenation Unit
Authors: Liu Y -H , Bao L. , Wang H -Z , Xin B -Q , Yu A -F , Ge С -T
Published: May 2024

Опасность утечки и взрыва водорода при высоком давлении представляет серьезную угрозу безопасности установки гидрирования. На основе программного комплекса FLACS были смоделированы процесс взрыва и масштаб воздействия утечки водорода в установке гидрирования. Создана высокоточная трехмерная физическая модель установки гидрирования, и исследовано влияние эквивалентного соотношения (ER) на избыточное давление при взрыве облака водорода. Показано, что в диапазоне ER = 0.8 ÷ 1.4 пиковая температура, скорость распространения пламени и пиковое избыточное давление, генерируемые взрывом облака водорода, сначала повышаются, а затем уменьшаются с увеличением эквивалентного соотношения ER. При ER = 1.05 пиковые температура и избыточное давление достигают максимума, при этом скорость распространения пламени на 38.2 и 31.7 % выше, чем в случае ER = 0.8 и 1.4 соответственно. В то же время ускорение пламени во время его распространения может эффективно способствовать увеличению избыточного давления взрыва внутри пламени. Результаты моделирования позволили предложить рекомендации по инженерному преобразованию зданий химических заводов в ударостойкие сооружения.
Basic Parameters of Detonation of Hydrogen Mixtures. Part I
Authors: Васильев А.А. , Васильев В.А.
Published: May 2024

Представлены наиболее полные данные о детонационной опасности водорода в смеси с кислородом и воздухом в области концентраций от нижнего до верхнего предела при варьировании начального давления и температуры (по отдельности или совместно). Наиболее важным параметром является критическая энергия инициирования детонации, которая служит мерой взрывоопасности горючих систем: чем меньше ее значение, тем опаснее смесь. В научной литературе количество достоверных измерений критической энергии инициирования ограничено (тем более для волн различной симметрии), что обусловлено как трудностями измерения этого параметра, так и несовершенством математических моделей передачи энергии от внешнего инициатора к горючей смеси.

A large pool of data on the detonation hazard of hydrogen in mixtures with oxygen and air in the range of concentrations from the lean to rich limit with variations of the initial pressure and temperature (individually or jointly) are reported. The most important parameter is the critical energy of detonation initiation, which serves as a measure of the explosion hazard of combustible systems: the smaller the value of this parameter, the more hazardous the mixture. The number of reliable measurements of the critical energy of detonation initiation in scientific publications is rather limited (which is even more true for waves with different symmetries) owing both to difficulties in measuring this parameter and to imperfection of mathematical models of energy transfer from the external booster to the combustible mixture.
Basic Parameters of Detonation of Hydrogen Mixtures. Part II
Authors: Васильев А.А. , Васильев В.А.
Published: May 2024

Представлены наиболее полные данные о детонационной опасности водорода в смеси с кислородом и воздухом при дополнительном разбавлении смеси инертными газами, а также при наличии в смеси водяного пара. Наиболее важными являются данные о критической энергии инициирования детонации, которая служит мерой взрывоопасности горючих систем: чем меньше критическая энергия, тем опаснее смесь. В научной литературе имеется лишь ограниченное количество достоверных экспериментальных данных о критической энергии инициирования детонации (тем более, для волн различной симметрии).

A large pool of data on the detonation hazard of hydrogen in mixtures with oxygen and air additionally diluted by inert gases and in the presence of steam in the mixture are reported. The most important parameter is the critical energy of detonation initiation, which serves as a measure of the explosion hazard of combustible systems: the smaller the critical energy, the more hazardous the mixture. The number of reliable measurements of the critical energy of detonation initiation in scientific publications is rather limited (which is even more true for waves with different symmetries).
Study of genetic diversity and identification of promising acceassions of arecanut (Areca Catechu L.)
Authors: B Rajesh , KS Ananda
Published: May 2024

The study was undertaken to assess and analysis of genetic diversity and to identify the donor parents with desirable traits among the selected 50 arecanut accessions including exotic and indigenous accessions by principal component analysis (PCA) method. The PCA of vegetative, reproductive, nut and yield characters indicated that the first 13 principal components accounted for 81.41 per cent of the variation among the accessions studied. The characters stem height, length of leaf, number of leaflets on right and left side, number of nodes, number of midribs on right side, male phase (days), female phase (days), intra-spadix overlapping (days), number of tertiary rachillae, fresh fruit weight, husk thickness in fresh fruit, dry kernel weight, dry fruit weight and kernel length were found to be contribute to genetic divergence among the arecanut accessions based on PCA. Based on their performance and genetic divergence, the accessions VTL-12 (Saigon), VTL-18III (BSI), VTL-29IV (Andaman), VTL-29II (Andaman), VTL-85 (Ratnagiri), VTL-73 (Kahikuchi), VTL-78 (Saragoan) and VTL-97 (Wynad) could be useful in arecanut breeding programmes. Accession VTL-56, a dwarf arecanut accession has been exploited in the breeding dwarf hybrids.
Effect of collection period on oleoresin yield of Pinus merkusii
Authors: Lukmandaru Ganis , Amri Syaiful , Sunarta Sigit , Listyanto Tomy , Pujiarti Rini , Widyorini Ragil Ragil
Published: May 2024

Pinus merkusii is one of the most important timber species in Indonesia, the main product of which is its oleoresin. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of collection period (three periods, with 6-day observation each) on oleoresin yield in relation to two factors: growth sites of Pinus merkusii, which in the case of this study were East Banyumas, West Banyumas, and West Pekalongan Forest Management Units, and use of stimulants (sulfuric acid and ethephon mixtures, ETRAT, SR4, and no treatment). The average total oleoresin yield from a single tree or wound during the 18-day observation period was 110-185 g/tree for untreated trees and 159-442 g/tree for stimulant-treated trees. By analysis of variance, the interaction between each collection period (6-day observation period) and tree growing sites showed that the maximum average oleoresin yield for one hole was 109.32 g/tree measured in East Banyumas in the first collection period. Furthermore, the East Banyumas site consistently showed significantly the highest yield in each period. The interaction between the factors of stimulant and collection period (6-day observation) resulted in the highest average oleoresin yield (121.86 g/tree) measured for trees treated with sulfuric acid (20%) and Ethephon (2%) mixtures in aqueous solution (v/v) treatment in the first collecting period. In West Pekalongan, the resin yield from trees treated with different treatments tended to be positively related to tree diameter. In addition, a positive correlation was found between resin yield and tree height or crown closure, while a negative correlation was found between resin yield and site elevation in trees treated with certain stimulants.
Species selection in unfamiliar terrain: participants’ preferences and practices around Mount Elgon, Uganda
Authors: Galabuzi Charles , Agaba Hillary , Carsan Sammy , Muthuri Catherine
Published: May 2024

Efforts to restore the world forests and trees are obviously significant and still increasing. Selection of tree species in this context is based on prevailing challenges impacting on livelihood needs. A study was conducted around Mount Elgon between January 2018 and July 2020. The objectives were to; i) document the socio-economic factors of participants in tree multiplication and planting, ii) identify the farmers practices and choice of species used under farming contexts iii) assess the relationship between the participants socio-economic factors, practices and choices of tree species. A multi-stage sampling approach was followed to select a total of 150 participants. The participants were engaged through semi-structured and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed in MINITAB 19. Results show that tree multiplication and planting activities were dominated (84%) by a vibrant group of males between the ages of 15 and 40 years old. Up to 60% of this group were illiterate or inexperienced in tree planting and multiplication. Exotic trees (containing Eucalyptus grandis, Grevillea robusta and Neolamarckia cadamba) were highly valued for firewood, timber and small stems used to support food crops including Musa spp., Phaseolus vulgaris and Solanum lycopersicum. The indigenous species (mainly Cordia africana, Maesopsis eminii, Albizia spp. and Ficus spp.) were on the other hand treasured for shade in the coffee-banana farming systems as well as serving social-cultural benefits, counting medicine and rituals. The participants gender significantly influenced the choice of tree species adopted (P<0.001). For example, the men were more interested in timber and carbon related tree species while the women and the youths were generally involved in apiculture and fruit tree growing. With all the anticipated benefits and publicity about the exotic trees in this region, the participants have no choice but to follow the advice from the various tree planting campaigns. We recommend co-operation of the stakeholders especially during tree germplasm selection in order to meet performance expectations. The expectations include developing individual species breeding protocols based on site conditions for tree seed collection, seedling multiplication and planting.
Characterization of Asoka (Saraca Indica L.) branch wood for pulp and paper manufacturing
Authors: Lukmandaru Ganis , Pujasmara Rafif , Dewi Emmanuelle SG , Prasetyo Vendy Eko
Published: May 2024

Asoka (Saraca indica L.) branch wood was evaluated for its chemical composition, morphological features, kraft pulping behavior, and physical properties. The Asoka used in this study contained low amounts of cellulose and hemicellulose, but higher amounts of lignin and ash. It was found that the morphological indices of Asoka branch wood were mostly adequate for pulping and papermaking. The pulping of this wood was performed using chemi-mechanical pulping (CMP), conventional kraft pulping, and soda pulping processes under different conditions, i.e., active alkali and anthraquinone (AQ) addition. The results showed that alkaline pupling and CMP provided low screened yield values. Acceptable kappa numbers and reject levels were obtained at 22% active alkali of soda and kraft-AQ pulpings. CMP pulp showed higher brightness and screened yield than that of alkaline pulps. Alkaline pulpings of Asoka branch wood provided slightly different strength properties of paper sheets than those of CMP pulp. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that Asoka branch wood is more suitable as a raw material for mechanical pulping than it is for alkaline pulping.
Covid-19: Lessons from the pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa relevant to the WHO IA2030 vaccination agenda
Authors: Macnab Andrew
Published: May 2024

While the global need to promote vaccination against viral illnesses is recognized, there are fundamental reasons for the failure of many programs. The World Health Organization has emphasized that the causes of low vaccine use must be understood and addressed in order to increase people’s demand for immunization services, and such understanding is central to promoting vaccine acceptance, as called for in the current WHO IA2030 initiative. Immunization programs remain fundamental to both pandemic preparedness and robust health systems. But, to achieve the goals of IA2030 requires improved targeting and reach to protect against viral illness and other global pathogens, hence the need for creative and innovative community engagement to increase vaccine uptake, and the relevance of learning from past pandemics. In sub-Saharan Africa, important lessons were learned during the Covid-19 pandemic; many of these are now broadly applicable to enhance current programs to promote vaccine acceptance such as the WHO IA2030 initiative. Strategies that helped increase vaccine uptake in Africa included six approaches to health promotion called for by the 2017 Lancet Commission on the future of health in sub-Saharan Africa. (Adoption of a community empowerment approach; Use of inclusive, people-centered strategies; Provision of innovative education; Creation of novel and improved tools; Training personnel to be mindful of, and responsive to, local needs; and Endorsement of non-traditional avenues to engage and inform). This commentary describes the principles underlying these six approaches, and summarizes ways in which their use contributed to programs working to increase vaccine uptake in sub-Saharan Africa that are applicable in a global context.
Robot-assisted radical nephrectomy for renal-cell carcinoma during twin pregnancy
Authors: Subu Rajeev , Browne Brendan
Published: May 2024

Large renal masses are rare findings in pregnant patients and generate complex challenges regarding when and how to treat. We report a case of a 23-year-old woman found to have a large renal mass during twin pregnancy. Here we describe the evaluation and decision making for this patient who was ultimately treated with robot-assisted radical nephrectomy during her pregnancy.
Consideraciones acerca del Síndrome del Burnout en el Estudiantado Universitario
Authors: Mora Paula , Ruiz Mariam
Published: May 2024

El estudiantado universitario está padeciendo de Burnout. Primero, la pérdida de vínculos familiares y personales, debido al traslado de los estudiantes de sus lugares de origen a la universidad es una variable social que sirve como catalizadora. Segundo, los estudiantes universitarios pueden tener algunas funciones ejecutivas aún no desarrolladas; lo cual se convierte en un factor interno que refuerza el burnout; al no lograr el estudiante administrar su tiempo y tareas de manera eficiente. Y adicionalmente el burnout puede alterar las funciones ejecutivas. Tercero, los dos años de virtualidad han aportado a los estudiantes vivencias de estilos de instrucción flexibles y que requieren una menor inversión en temas de tiempo y dinero, que pueden estar desestabilizando a los individuos; que ahora encuentran los estilos tradicionales de aprendizaje más rígidos e ineficientes. Frente a todos los problemas expuestos, los estudiantes desarrollan estrategias de carácter productivo o centradas en la resolución de la situación, seguido de la búsqueda del soporte social y como última estrategia, las no productivas o de evitación; que claramente empeoran su problema.
La certeza del derecho en el ordenamiento canónico: una lectura diacrónica entre doctrina y normativa vigente
Authors: Boni Geraldina
Published: May 2024

El ensayo se centra en la evolución contemporánea del ordenamiento jurídico canónico: de una frenética producción legislativa que, implicando a múltiples sectores de la experiencia eclesial y afectando también ampliamente al Codex Iuris Canonici, conduce no pocas veces a problemas de coordinación y racionalización sistemática, a fenómenos recientes y diversificados que no parecen comportar lesiones secundarias a la certeza del derecho en la Iglesia. A la luz de este cuadro compuesto, retomamos algunas consideraciones de ilustres juristas italianos de los veinte años anteriores a la segunda guerra mundial, que comparaban la certeza del derecho en los ordenamientos estatales coetáneos con la certeza absolutamente específica e irreductible del derecho en el ordenamiento eclesial. El objetivo es preguntarnos si estas reflexiones, aunque estrechamente ligadas al contexto histórico en el que se desarrollaron, pueden ser también fuente de inspiración ante el actual impasse en el que se encuentra el derecho canónico.
Importancia de la función judicial en los actuales sistemas jurídicos. Situación en el derecho canónico
Authors: Montini G.-Paolo
Published: May 2024

La comparación entre el derecho judicial secular y el derecho judicial canónico se lleva a cabo sobre la base de la distinción, presente en ambos, entre una situación ordinaria y una situación de emergencia. Esto ha permitido apreciar en el derecho canónico un sistema “de dos velocidades”. Existe una justicia canónica ordinaria que ha perseguido y persigue con coherencia y eficacia la independencia de la magistratura, la cualidad de la justicia y la eficiencia de los procesos. Existe también una justicia ejercida ampliamente por la autoridad ejecutiva. Ésta es consecuencia, en general, del debilitamiento de la conciencia de la Iglesia como sociedad y, sobre todo, recientemente del escándalo de los abusos. Este encomienda de la justicia a la autoridad ejecutiva puede entenderse como un “estado de emergencia”. Su “justificación” requiere todavía tres condiciones que se encuentran también en la conciencia del derecho secular: temporalidad, proporcionalidad y adecuación.
Beatrice SERRA (a cura di), La rinuncia all’ufficio petrino. Itinerari dottrinali a dieci anni dalla declaratio di Benedetto XVI, Editoriale Scientifica, Napoli 2023, 202 pp., ISBN 979-12-5976-839-1
Authors: Roca María-J.
Published: May 2024

Book Review
Challenges and tasks of the philosophy of physical culture and sports, sports science in modern socio-political conditions
Authors: Peredelʹskiy Aleksey , Mamedov Azer , Kortunov Vadim , Donskikh Kseniya , Shipovskaya Lyudmila
Published: May 2024

The scientific problem lies in the discrepancy between the self-reflective Western and Eastern traditions of the philosophy of sport and the very real sports process and sports science, and, by and large, the classical understanding of the scope and content of the concept of philosophy as such.
The relevance of the study lies in the need to eliminate or «remove» this discrepancy, which at three levels openly complicates the development of the philosophy of sport: firstly, as a philosophy in the classical sense of the word; secondly, as a scientific philosophy; and thirdly, as a scientific philosophy of sports and sports science, and not existential, irrational, hermeneutic and other ideas and experiences about philosophizing thoughts about something vaguely reminiscent of them.
The purpose of the study is to construct and briefly justify a classification of the scientific philosophy of sports and sports science from the standpoint of classical philosophy and a
dialectical-materialistic worldview, as well as to indicate a short list of its main tasks in the current situation of aggravated military-political confrontation between Russia, East and West.
The methodology and organization of the study are based on a comprehensive historical, philosophical and scientific theoretical and comparative analysis, including general scientific operations of grouping, systematization, abstraction, idealization and logical operations of defining and dividing concepts, induction, deduction, analogy, determining truth, proof and refutation, constructing a hypothesis.
Research results and conclusions. Gradually but steadily growing since the beginning of the 21st century, global changes in the modern socio-political picture of the world are increasingly clearly and rapidly entailing equally significant changes in education and science (including specialized ones). This article presents a system for constructing the philosophy of sport and sports science, which provides a solution to the full range of modern problems of philosophical analysis and scientific research of sport as:
• social phenomenon and institution;
• cultural and civilizational mechanism of social evolution of humanity;
• a mechanism for preserving and improving a person in his inherent parameters of a social and psychophysiological being;
• an outpost for preventing the processes of human deanthropolization.
It is easy to notice that this system of constructing the philosophy of sport and sports science in many aspects and in terms of system-forming factors differs significantly from its predecessors, at the same time serving as the basis for their scientific and philosophical criticism — criticism that substantiates the urgent need for a radical restructuring of the entire edifice of the philosophy of physical culture and sports, based on from the modern socio-political challenges addressed to her.
Poetry of G.A. Levin on the pages of Saratov publications in the 20s of the XX century
Authors: Gavrilova Alla
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the poetic works of the Saratov poet G.A. Levin, published on the pages of the periodicals «Artistic Saratov» and «Sarrabis» in Saratov in the 20s of the past century. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact for the first time the poems of G.A. Levin «The air shines with a blessed blue», «I know, a dark, beloved voice», «Chernyshevsky’s Monument», «The early coolness has been drained to the dregs», «Shakespeare» are mentioned. The article focuses on the aesthetic side of these poems, emphasizing their extreme lyricism and abundance of figurative means. In addition, this study notes the relevance of the poetry of G.A. Levin on the pages of these publications not only because of their external artistry, but also because of their ideological expressiveness. The editorial board of the magazines «Art Saratov» and «Sarrabis» considered the poems of G.A. Levin worthy of understanding, since the goal was to instill good taste in the Saratov reader of the 1920s and teach him to appreciate genuine literary works. As a result, the following was revealed: (a) G.A. Levin gives the images greater ideological and artistic capacity and expressiveness; (b) the poet uses metaphors and epithets not only as conventional methods of expressiveness, but also as forms of holistic knowledge of the essence of the Universe; (c) the poet paid special attention to love lyrics, intertwined Russian and Italian themes in individual poems, and resorted to Shakespearean heroes. The article notes the versatility of the poetic image, and the analysis of the poems is carried out taking into account the influence of the lyrics of famous poets of the Silver Age on Levin’s poetry.
The concept of «Internet science» as an innovative scientific and educational paradigm that significantly influences the procedure for preparing master's and candidate's theses
Authors: Mamedov Azer , Peredelʹskiy Aleksey , Kortunov Vadim , Kotusov Dmitriy , Shipovskaya Lyudmila
Published: May 2024

Scientific problem: the contradiction between the gigantic rates of quantitative growth and progressive qualitative development of the Internet space, on the one hand, and, on the other, clearly insufficient attempts to include this space in the field of modern traditional science and the sphere of education (including specialized ones).
The relevance of the study lies in the need for a much more complete and deep, that is, systematic coordination of the modern scientific and educational (including specialized physical education and sports) sphere with the capabilities of the steadily expanding and progressing Internet space.
The purpose of the study is to construct the concept of «Internet science» as an innovative scientific paradigm that ensures the systematic inclusion of the Internet in the modern scientific and educational (including specialized physical education and sports) sphere, as well as to consider and justify aspects of the influence of this paradigm on the traditional mechanism for preparing master’s degrees and master's theses.
The methodology and organization of the study imply the use of the method of scientific interpretation as an operation of comparison and comparison of arguments-positions historical and theoretical analysis and results of concrete empirical research.
Research results and conclusions: the practice of applying the four-stage model of an innovative mechanism for preparing scientific and qualifying works, developed on the basis of the innovative concept of «Internet Science», briefly described and justified in this article, proves that compared to traditional models, this model has the following advantages:
1. The one-sidedness of the forms of historical-theoretical, logical-linguistic analysis and purely empirical research is eliminated.
2. The hypothetico-deductive model of scientific theory and program, put in place of descriptive theory and descriptive program of scientific research, allows us to eliminate all the disadvantages listed below:
• lack of evidence of logical correctness;
• the fundamental impossibility of obtaining reliable knowledge, even of calculating the degree of probability of the truth of new knowledge;
• absence or extremely limited and fundamentally insufficient degree of practical verification of conclusions and recommendations.
Preparing the next generation of mechanical engineering graduates: identifying and combating the digital skills
Authors: Nosenko Maria , Aleksandrova Larisa
Published: May 2024

In connection with the rapidly growing role of digital technologies, great importance is attached to the level of «digital literacy» of specialists, that is, their ability to perform tasks in a digital environment. The engineering industry is no exception. It should be viewed as high-tech, requiring innovation and improvement to remain competitive in today's digital economy. Digital tools open up many possibilities. However, realizing these benefits requires a new approach to the challenges posed not only by new technology, but also by the human component. In order for the future generation of engineers to be competitive, during their training it is extremely important to develop skills in using digital technologies not only on the basis of professional disciplines, but also general professional ones using the example of studying the discipline «Hydraulics and Hydraulic Drive». With digital literacy skills, students can plan learning that will help them think critically, creatively, and innovatively.
The main purpose of this study was to determine the required skill set of the future «mechanical engineer». To achieve this goal, the following tasks were formulated: (1) to understand the importance of digital technologies for mechanical engineering students; (2) identify gaps in current skills; (3) identify opportunities to use digital technologies to improve operations; (4) identify the benefits of digital technologies in future engineering projects; (5) analyze data indicating the percentage of students using and integrating information and communication technologies into learning during practical training.
The authors consider the need for digital skills using the example of training areas 05.23.01 «Land Transport Systems» and 03.15.02 «Technological Machinery and Equipment» (profile «Oil and Gas Industry Equipment»).
REPRESENTAÇÃO E AUTORREPRESENTAÇÃO NA OCUPAÇÃO DAS REDES, DAS RUAS E DOS DISCURSOS
Authors: Birman Daniela
Published: May 2024

RESUMO O artigo se dedica a examinar a articulação entre dois movimentos de contestação da representação, identificados nos domínios da política e da literatura. Refiro-me aqui aos questionamentos da democracia representativa que acompanhamos na série de protestos entre 2010-2013 e à discussão sobre a legitimidade das produções artísticas para representar integrantes de minorias diversas. Esses abalos da representação serão analisados, sobretudo, como pressões por alterações na chamada partilha do sensível (Rancière). Ao buscar traçar correspondências entre esses dois movimentos de contestação, destacarei suas ligações com modificações tecnológicas e discursivas de impacto, tais como o desenvolvimento da comunicação em rede, a expansão do discurso do testemunho e de suas formas próprias de subjetivação. Por fim, discutirei o risco dessa demanda por mudança na partilha do sensível resultar não na ampliação concreta da democracia nos domínios da política e da literatura, mas na criação de bolhas digitais e culturais caracterizadas pela homogeneidade e pela intransigência.
Estado de la investigación sobre las prácticas pedagógicas de los docentes en contextos de inclusión educativa
Authors: Ruíz Heriberto Téllez , Sigua Rosa Nidia Tuay , Camelo Víctor Hugo Durán
Published: May 2024

Objetivo. El propósito de este artículo es presentar una revisión inicial de antecedentes investigativos para la formulación de la tesis de grado, en el marco del Doctorado Interinstitucional en Educación de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, vinculando dos categorías de análisis centrales ligadas a los discursos sobre la inclusión en la escuela: educación inclusiva y practica pedagógica inclusiva. La información fue recabada en repositorios institucionales, bases de datos e indexadores a nivel nacional e internacional. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio documental tipo revisión de antecedentes con una ventana de observación de 10 años y se sustenta en los criterios establecidos por el protocolo PRISMA para revisiones sistemáticas. Se utilizó como punto de partida las categorías anteriormente señaladas y criterios de inclusión como: fecha, idioma y contexto de publicación, para un total de 950 documentos encontrados, los cuales fueron clasificados a partir de la lectura del resumen y posteriormente filtrados con base en criterios. . . . . . . de pertinencia, dando como resultado un total (n) de 72 textos que pasaron por un proceso de codificación abierta y análisis final. Resultados . Los estudios encontrados asumen la categoría de prácticas educativas inclusivas como parte de la discusión sobre educación inclusiva. Se muestran como tendencias: la relación directa de los conceptos de inclusión y discapacidad; la inclusión educativa que contempla mayoritariamente a las personas con discapacidad; la percepción y sentires del maestro —por encima del referente teórico— como criterio para la producción investigativa sobre el tema de indagación.
IMPROVEMENT OF SAWDUST FIBER IN PROPERTIES OF POLYLACTIC ACID COMPOSITES: EFFECT OF FIBER SURFACE TREATMENTS
Authors: Chibani Nacera , Fatmi Sofiane , Ardjoum Nadjet , Taouzinet Lamia , Toutou Zahra , Skiba Mohamed
Published: May 2024

In this study, we investigated the impact of surface treatment on polylactic acid (PLA)/sawdust fiber
(SF) composites. Utilizing a 20% weight-to-weight ratio of agricultural waste, three distinct chemical
modification approaches were employed to treat the sawdust, with the aim of enhancing the compatibility between the PLA matrix and the wood fibers. The treatments included alkali-, benzoyl chloride-, and permanganate-treated SFs. The results demonstrated an increase in rigidity with alkali treatment,
while composites treated with benzoyl chloride and permanganate exhibited improved ductility. However,
the thermal stability of the treated fiber composites was reduced. Comparative analysis revealed that wood fibers treated with sodium hydroxide and permanganates exhibited superior dispersion in the PLA matrix compared to fibers treated with benzoyl chloride. Beyond these findings, this assessment carries significant implications for sustainable material development, since the utilization of agricultural
waste provides an alternative composite material for construction or industrial applications. The study's outcomes contribute to the ongoing quest for eco-friendly solutions in material science and offer practical insights for selecting the most suitable composite material based on specific applications and industry needs.
Gestión algorítmica del trabajo y el genoma laboral
Authors: Padilla Parga Roberto
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: el trabajo busca analizar los efectos que la automatización,robotización e inteligencia artificial proyecta sobre la rama jurídico laboral.Se escogió para ello una manifestación particular del fenómeno conocidacomo gestión algorítmica del trabajo. La idea plasmada en el texto es la deofrecer una posible respuesta a las interrogantes sobre el futuro del trabajo y, especialmente, del Derecho del Trabajo. Método: el presente texto presenta una investigación cualitativa que utilizó preferentemente una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura disponible y de la normativa vigente que ha surgido con ocasión de este avance tecnológico, las que fueron contrastadas con la teoría que postula la existencia de elementos que constituirían un genoma laboral y que explican el surgimiento, configuración y mutaciones de la disciplina. Resultados: seobserva que existe identidad entre los componentes del genoma laboral según se manifestaron originalmente, y luego a lo largo de la historia, y los efectos que produce la gestión algorítmica del trabajo sobre las relaciones laborales. Conclusiones: la gestión algorítmica del trabajo no altera los presupuestos de existencia del Derecho del Trabajo. Al contrario, intensifica las asimetrías entre las partes justificando los reclamos por dotar el uso de estos sistemas de legitimidad y gobernanza.
KAPP-Sen TMC:Xenium Pancreas FFPE Tissue Preparation v1
Authors: Soja Emily , Bhargava Shruti , Sivajothi Santhosh
Published: May 2024

Xenium protocol for sectioning FFPE tissue blocks.
Graphing area from an image series using ImageJ: a simple method v1
Authors: R Ho Vanessa , P Leys Sally
Published: May 2024

This protocol provides a quick way to quantify change in area of an object in a large series of images, by pixel contrast. It's equivalent to rootpainter, except much simpler, but it does rely on good contrast of light and dark in the region you wish to measure. Others have used ImageJ for this too, but the method and workflow we provide has been tested successfully by many students and therefore offers a more consistent, standardized process.
A new protocol for multispecies bacterial infections in zebrafish and their monitoring through automated image analysis v1
Authors: A. Schmitz Désirée
Published: May 2024

The zebrafish Danio rerio has become a popular model host to explore disease pathology caused by infectious agents. A main advantage is its transparency at an early age, which enables live imaging of infection dynamics. While multispecies infections are common in patients, the zebrafish model is rarely used to study them, although the model would be ideal for investigating pathogen-pathogen and pathogenhost interactions. This may be due to the absence of an established multispecies infection protocol for a defined organ and the lack of suitable image analysis pipelines for automated image processing. To address these issues, we developed a protocol for establishing and tracking single and multispecies bacterial infections in the inner ear structure (otic vesicle) of the zebrafish by imaging. Subsequently, we generated an image analysis pipeline that involved deep learning for the automated segmentation of the otic vesicle, and scripts for quantifying pathogen frequencies through fluorescence intensity measures. We used Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, three of the difficult-to-treat ESKAPE pathogens, to show that our infection protocol and image analysis pipeline work both for single pathogens and pairwise pathogen combinations. Thus, our protocols provide a comprehensive toolbox for studying single and multispecies infections in real-time in zebrafish.
On persons, populations, and causal mechanisms. Some critical reflections on Lundh (2023).
Authors: Lamiell James T.
Published: May 2024

While agreeing with Lundh (2023) on many of his major points, this article also questions the notion of a ‘population psychology.’ It is argued that the knowledge produced in population-level studies, whether correlational, experimental, or mixed, is inherently demographic in nature. Concerning individual-level studies, agreement with Lundh (2023) is expressed concerning the need to distinguish between a conception of individuals as mere depositories of neurophysiological mechanisms on the one hand, and as active, purposeful agents on the other. It is suggested that the conceptual framework called ‘critical personalism’ would well serve a scientific psychology committed to the latter view.
Person, population, mechanism. A rejoinder to critics and an elaboration of the three-branch model
Authors: Lundh Lars-Gunnar
Published: May 2024

In a previous paper (Lundh, 2023), it was argued that psychological science can be seen as having three main branches, corresponding to three levels of research: research at the person level, at the population level, and at the mechanism level. The purpose of the present paper is to discuss the critique that has been raised against this model by Lamiell (2024) and Nilsson (2024) and to elaborate and specify the three-branch model in more detail. This is done by an incorporation of Nilsson’s concept of person-sensitivity into the model, and by a clearer differentiation between the two contrasts involved: (1) the methodological focus either on individual persons or on populations of individuals; and (2) the theoretical focus either on whole-person functioning or on sub-personal mechanisms.
Integrated Geophysical Models for Interpretations of Heterogeneous Subsurface Environments
Authors: Zakaria Muhammad Taqiuddin , Ismail Nur Azwin , Mohd Muztaza Nordiana , Mohamad Zaki Mohd Faiz
Published: May 2024

Near-surface characterization can be vulnerable to misinterpretation due to limited resolution and methodological limitations. Validation from different parameters is necessary to substantiate the results and reduce errors during interpretations. This research aims to develop an alternative integrated method of a 2-D cross-plot model to enhance subsurface interpretations based on the model's criteria, resulting in better geological interpretation. Geophysical methods such as electrical resistivity and seismic refraction are utilized in a test model and a case study area to observe the capabilities of the integrated method approach. The goal of this study was to cluster two or more different parameters into a single model for a direct presentation of the subsurface model. This includes the characterization of subsurface properties, data integration using cross-plot analysis, and the development of a 2-D cross-plot model. This method visually represents the relationship between two or more attributes, allowing for the identification of anomalies. In the test model, the lithology consists of sandy silt derived from granitic residual soil, whereas in the case study model, it was dominated by weathered granitic residual soil with the presence of saturated zones. The 2-D cross-plot model provides a comprehensive interpretation where Quadrant, Q1 shows the vulnerable zones for sliding mass bodies. The plane weakness was successfully identified based on the cross-plot model as the weathered zone, and subsurface features were determined. The estimated volume of mass movement was successfully calculated for the case study area based on the determination of the sliding plane. The integrated method of cross-plot analysis along with the development of 2-D cross-plot models proves to be an informative approach for subsurface characterization and enhances subsurface imaging.
Exploring the Resistance of Pigmented Rice to Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) by Phenotypic and Genotypic Analyses
Authors: Chaerani Chaerani , Yunus Muhamad , Hidayatun Nurul , Tasliah Tasliah , Galurina Rina Siti , Matsohan Matsohan , Andarini Yusi Nurmalita , Risliawati Andari
Published: May 2024

Developing new pigmented rice varieties that meet consumers' preferences requires addressing resistance to brown planthopper (BPH), a highly destructive insect pest of rice. To effectively manage this pest, it is essential to explore BPH resistance genes from rice germplasms and incorporate them into elite varieties. The objective of this study was to identify the source of resistance among local and improved pigmented rice varieties in Indonesia against field BPH. Furthermore, the study aimed to characterize their genetic diversity using molecular markers associated with Bph genes and functional markers for these genes. Eighty-eight local varieties from the Indonesian Agricultural Gene Bank, collected across 18 provinces between 1971 and 2019, and four improved varieties, were evaluated using the standard seed box screening test method. Among these entries, 6 local accessions and 1 improved variety exhibited moderate resistance. Genetic analysis of these entries and three randomly selected susceptible entries using 12 SSR and InDel markers associated with Bph gene loci showed that the moderately resistant entries had higher allele numbers (11 to 13) compared to the susceptible entries (4 to 7). These markers could distinguish the resistant group from the susceptible ones in cluster analysis. Genotyping using functional markers further showed that the moderately resistant entries had 2 to 4 combinations of Bph genes. In contrast, the susceptible entries contained neither Bph genes nor only one gene. Local accessions with a 2 to 4 Bph gene combination can be donors of BPH resistance in improving pigmented rice varieties.
Molluscicidal Activity and Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase Activity of Azadirachta Indica Extract on Pomacea Canaliculata
Authors: Mat Zaib Nik Amalia Nasratiena , Hashim Saiyidah Nafisah , Mohd Hassan Wan Rozianoor , Tay Chia Chay
Published: May 2024

The Golden Apple Snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is a notorious pest in Malaysia, leading to substantial agricultural and economic losses, while, the neem tree, Azadirachta indica has been identified as alternative source for bio-pesticides. There is currently limited information on A. indica as natural molluscicide against P. canaliculata. This study aims to evaluate the effects of A. indica on P. canaliculata at various life stages (eggs, juvenile and adult). The bioactive compound, azadirachtin in A. indica extracts was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Egg hatchability was determined using spot spraying on egg clusters while the molluscicidal activity of A. indica on juvenile and adult specimens was evaluated using the immersion bioassay approach. The snail's acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition was assessed using Ellman assay. The azadirachtin content in the ethanolic extract of A. indica leaves at a concentration of 1 µg/mL was found to be 45.42%. Increasing the concentration of A. indica extracts resulted in lower egg hatchability and increased mortality of juvenile and adult snails. Azadirachta indica extracts showed the highest effectiveness against adult P. canaliculata with an LC50 value of 0.52 mg/mL, compared to 0.92 mg/mL for juveniles and 0.74 mg/mL for eggs. Additionally, A. indica extract exhibited greater inhibition of AChE in adult specimens compared to juvenile specimens and eggs. The IC50 for adult is 0.60 μg/mL, which is the lowest while the IC50 for juvenile is 0.68 μg/mL, the highest. Taken together, A. indica shows immerse potential as natural pesticide for managing the population of P. canaliculata.