bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Tenth International Workshop on MULTIFREQUENCY BEHAVIOUR OF HIGH ENERGY COSMIC SOURCES Palermo, Italy, 2013
Authors: Foreword Editorial,
Published: December 2014

Organizing Institutions:
Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali IAPS-INAF, Roma, Italy
Dpt de Cargas Utiles y Ciencias del Espacio, DCUCE-INTA Madrid, Spain
E.O. Hulburt Center for Space Research, HCA-NRL, Washington D.C., USA
Max-Planck Institut fr Extraterrestrische Physik, MPE, Garching, Germany
St. John’s College, SJC, Annapolis MD, USA
Institute für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Karls Eberhard, Universität SAND 1, Tübingen, Germany
ASCR - Astronomical Institute, Ondřejov, Czech Republic
CTU - Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic
Evaluation of hydraulic conductivity of lateritic soils using integrated approach: southwestern Nigeria case study
Authors: Fajobi A. , Falade F. , Adepelumi Adekunle , Akindulureni Olaolu
Published: December 2014

The source of groundwater seepage problem being experienced by some engineering buildings in a part of southwestern Nigeria was investigated by carrying out comparative study of the hydraulic conductivity (K) of the soil types underlying the area using integrated approaches involving geotechnical and geophysical methods.Soil samples were collected from six different towns on which standard geotechnical tests including natural moisture content, grain size distribution, linear shrinkage, specific gravity, liquid and plastic limits, compaction, triaxial and K test were carried out. Also, geophysical data were acquired at seventy-two locations using Schlumberger array with a current electrode spacing of 40m. The resistivity data obtained were subsequently inverted to obtain the subsurface 2D hydraulic conductivity section.The results obtained imply that the soil types investigated is semi-pervious with K values ranging from 1.06 x 10-5 to 5.71 x10-5cm/s. These values suggest moderate groundwater flow which might account for the seepage that was observed. Four lithologies (lateritic topsoil, clayey-sand, sandy-clay and fractured/weathered bedrock) were delineated. The geotechnical analysis result suggests the soil investigated could be classified as poorly graded sandy-clay and/or silty-clay. This soil exhibit plasticity index ranging from 12.72 to 19.75%, with specific gravity ranging from 2.47 to 2.73; the maximum dry density (MDD) varies from 1699.5 kg/cm3 to 1915kg/cm3 and the optimum moisture content (OMC) ranges from 12.05% to 16.32%.The result of the t-test results performed implied that at 95% tâ€“confidence level, there is a good correlation between the results obtained from both approaches employed.
Merging Educational Finance Reform and Desegregation Goals
Authors: Kazal-Thresher Deborah M.
Published: December 2014

Educational finance reforms and desegregation have both sought to address inequities in educational opportunities for minorities and low income families. The recent methods of addressing desegregation issues have tended to focus on attaining racial balance rather than educational quality, however. This paper explores how desegregation goals can be merged with educational finance reform to more systematically address educational quality in schools serving low income and minority populations. By moving toward centralized control over school financing, the inequity of school outcomes that are based on unequal school resources can be reduced. In addition, state determined expenditures when combined with desegregation monies, would meet the original intention of desegregation funds by clearly providing add-on monies for additional services for minority children, while at the same time, creating a better monitoring mechanism.
Analytical evaluation of Diazyme procalcitonin (PCT) latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay on Beckman Coulter AU5800
Authors: Dipalo Mariella , Buonocore Ruggero , Gnocchi Cecilia , Picanza Alessandra , Aloe Rosalia , Lippi Giuseppe
Published: December 2014

This study was aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the novel Diazyme procalcitonin (PCT) immunoturbidimetric assay on Beckman Coulter AU5800.

Diazyme PCT is a latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay, developed for use on laboratory instrumentations with capability of reading absorbance at 600 nm. This analytical evaluation included the assessment of limit of blank (LOB), limit of detection (LOD), functional sensitivity, imprecision, linearity, carryover, and method comparison between Diazyme PCT and Kryptor PCT on 129 routine serum inpatient samples.

The LOB, LOD, and functional sensitivity of Diazyme PCT were 0.16, 0.26, and 0.28 ng/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter-assay imprecision of Diazyme PCT was between 2.9% and 7.8%. The linearity was excellent in the range of PCT values between 0.16 and 56 ng/mL, and the carryover was negligible (0.02%). A highly significant agreement was found between Kryptor PCT and Diazyme PCT in a range of concentrations between 0.16 and 111 ng/mL (Diazyme PCT=1.10×Kryptor PCT–0.89; r=0.960; p<0.001). The mean bias was 0.48 ng/mL (95% CI, –0.58 to 1.54 ng/mL). The strength of agreement between Kryptor PCT and Diazyme PCT was between 85% and 96% at 0.50, 2.0, and 10 ng/mL cutoffs.

Diazyme PCT appears to be a reliable assay for diagnosis and management of critical care patients susceptible to severe bacterial infections.
Nutrition intake and physical activity in a middle school in New York City
Authors: Gonzalez Marisol , Feinstein Ronald , Iezzi Carina , Fisher Martin
Published: December 2014

Purpose: The threat of childhood obesity has never been greater. Behavior changes implemented during childhood and adolescence are believed to be the most successful means of thwarting the progression of this epidemic. The American Academy of Pediatrics has developed a public health campaign that promotes awareness of clinical guidelines for nutrition and physical activity. The campaign is based on a concept developed by the Maine Center for Public Health referred to as “5-2-1-0 Healthy”. The simple clear message of this concept outlines steps families can take to help prevent and treat childhood obesity. The purpose of the present study is to determine the current level of compliance and health education needs of a middle school population related to the “5-2-1-0” concept.

Methods: A modified version of the 2010 National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey (developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) was distributed to students at a private, nonsectarian, middle school in New York City. The school is located in the borough of Manhattan, but includes youngsters from all five boroughs of the city. The questions were grouped and analyzed according to “5-2-1-0” categories. Surveys were scored, and the association between targeted questionnaire items and demographic variables (i.e., sex and grade) was examined.

Results: All 140 students completed the survey, and there was great variability in their responses to both the nutrition and physical activity questions. Of all students, 65% reported eating one cup or more of fruit daily, and 38% reported eating one cup or more of vegetables daily. There was no statistically significant difference reported in consumption of fruits or vegetables by gender or grade. Over 60% of students indicated <2 h of DVD/video or computer/video game time per day, while 10% indicated more than 3 h per day for each. A significant difference existed in the screen time reported between grades (more screen time by the older students) and a statistically significant difference also existed in the amount of physical activity reported by gender and grade (more physical activity by males and younger students). There was no difference in the reported consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages by gender or grade.

Conclusion: In a cohort of middle school students in New York City, there was great variability in compliance with the principles represented by the “5-2-1-0” concept. Changes in health behaviors were noted as students went from 6th to 7th to 8th grade, with physical activity decreasing and screen time increasing. Consequently, health curriculum topics for middle school students should focus on physical activity and screen time, while continuing to emphasize the need for proper nutrition.
Integral cross section measurements of a few threshold reactions induced by Am/Be neutrons
Authors: Uddin Md. Shuza , Spahn Ingo , Hossain Syed Mohammad , Rumman-Uz-Zaman Md. , Rakib-Uz-Zaman Md. , Qaim Syed M.
Published: December 2014

Integral cross sections of the reactions
46Ti(n, p)46Sc,
47Ti(n, p)47Sc,
48Ti(n, p)48Sc,
60Ni(n, p)60Co and
64Zn(n, p)64Cu were
measured with fast neutrons
(E

n
 > 1.5MeV)
from an
Am/Be source. The results were compared with data
calculated using the neutron spectral distribution and the excitation
function of each reaction given in the data libraries ENDF/B-VII.0,
IRDF-2002, JEFF-3.2 and JENDL-4.0. In general, the integral
measurement and the integrated value agreed within ±4%,
except for the
46Ti(n, p)46Sc reaction where JEFF-3.2
shows a deviation of 7% and the
60Ni(n, p)60Co
reaction where ENDF/B-VII.0 and IRDF-2002 exhibit deviations upto
8%.
Eating Ursula
Authors: Weiss Brad
Published: December 2014

This paper examines issues surrounding the values of farmers, consumers, chefs, and other food activists who are working to expand the production and consumption of pastured pork in central North Carolina (a region known as the Piedmont). What I try to demonstrate in this paper are the ways that an “ethics of care” (Heath and Meneley 2010) is often articulated in terms of the cultural categories of “connection” and “authenticity.” These consciously expressed categories are shown to undergird a range of commitments, from concerns about animal welfare, to support for “local” economies, to parental care for children. My discussion considers the relationships among the lives of animals and the meat they yield, as well as the craft that brings about that transformation, and shows how the ethical questions embedded in these relationships and processes depend upon a wider set of cultural practices and values that are pressing concerns in our larger economy and society. I further consider how examining everyday understandings of “connection” and “authenticity,” as revealed in ethnographic work with farmers, consumers, restaurateurs, and other food activists in the Piedmont, can highlight certain tensions within this “ethics of care”—such as tensions about food taboos and certification processes—that speak to the politics of food activism in the region and elsewhere.
Re-localizing Milk and Cheese
Authors: Grasseni Cristina
Published: December 2014

The reinvention of food is also a matter of re-localization. This means rethinking food chains in terms of their spatiality. This article deals with milk and cheese and their reinvention in Italy through two distinct, even opposing, strategies: automatization and face-to-face involvement of critical consumers with producers. Each of these strategies associates trust with different spatial arrangements. In the case of raw milk automated distributors (locally named the equivalent of “milk ATMs”), trust is associated with the short distance to the raw milk producer, with whom, however, there is no direct interaction. In the case of food activist circles, notably Italy’s Solidarity Purchase Groups or GAS, trust lies in actual interaction with the producer. This acquires a specific meaning in a culture that assigns added social significance to the act of food provisioning and cultivates plural practices of social interactions that are mediated through food.
Revising the Law of the Mother in the Adoption-Marriage Plot
Authors: Murphy Gretchen
Published: December 2014

Gretchen Murphy, “Revising the Law of the Mother in the Adoption-Marriage Plot” (pp. 342–365)

This essay traces a common plot in British and American fiction in which an outsider is first adopted and then later marries into a family. Such plots have been linked with the transition from blood to voluntary association in liberal society, but this essay examines the apparent superfluity of adoption and marriage in bringing the outsider into the family. Surveying historicist and psychoanalytic interpretations of the role of incest in the formation of democratic and contractual community in these works, the essay uses Juliet Mitchell’s psychoanalytic theory of siblings to propose that these plots address a central challenge of democracy: mediating equality and freedom when a legally imposed equality among all stands at odds with the freedom to create closed communities of choice. Shifting from adopted siblinghood to marriage enables a fantasy of social relations that are entirely chosen rather than imposed. Novels discussed include Jane Austen’s Mansfield Park (1814); James Fenimore Cooper’s Wyandotté (1843); Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights (1847); Maria Susanna Cummins’s The Lamplighter (1854); Frank J. Webb’s The Garies and Their Friends (1857); Anthony Trollope’s Doctor Thorne (1858); Harriet Beecher Stowe’s The Pearl of Orr’s Island (1862); Augusta Jane Evans’s St. Elmo (1866); María Ruiz de Burton’s Who Would Have Thought It? (1872); and Helen Hunt Jackson’s Ramona (1884).
Statistical Inference of Selection and Divergence of the Rice Blast Resistance GenePi-ta
Authors: Amei Amei , Lee Seonghee , Mysore Kirankumar S , Jia Yulin
Published: December 2014

The resistance gene Pi-ta has been effectively used to control rice blast disease, but some populations of cultivated and wild rice have evolved resistance. Insights into the evolutionary processes that led to this resistance during crop domestication may be inferred from the population history of domesticated and wild rice strains. In this study, we applied a recently developed statistical method, time-dependent Poisson random field model, to examine the evolution of the Pi-ta gene in cultivated and weedy rice. Our study suggests that the Pi-ta gene may have more recently introgressed into cultivated rice, indica and japonica, and U.S. weedy rice from the wild species, O. rufipogon. In addition, the Pi-ta gene is under positive selection in japonica, tropical japonica, U.S. cultivars and U.S. weedy rice. We also found that sequences of two domains of the Pi-ta gene, the nucleotide binding site and leucine-rich repeat domain, are highly conserved among all rice accessions examined. Our results provide a valuable analytical tool for understanding the evolution of disease resistance genes in crop plants.
Autophagy Competes for a Common Phosphatidylethanolamine Pool with Major Cellular PE-Consuming Pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Wilson-Zbinden Caroline , dos Santos Aline Xavier da Silveira , Stoffel-Studer Ingrid , van der Vaart Aniek , Hofmann Kay , Reggiori Fulvio , Riezman Howard , Kraft Claudine , Peter Matthias
Published: December 2014

Autophagy is a highly regulated pathway that selectively degrades cellular constituents such as protein aggregates and excessive or damaged organelles. This transport route is characterized by engulfment of the targeted cargo by autophagosomes. The formation of these double-membrane vesicles requires the covalent conjugation of the ubiquitin-like protein Atg8 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). However, the origin of PE and the regulation of lipid flux required for autophagy remain poorly understood. Using a genetic screen, we found that the temperature-sensitive growth and intracellular membrane organization defects of mcd4-174 and mcd4-P301L mutants are suppressed by deletion of essential autophagy genes such as ATG1 or ATG7. MCD4 encodes an ethanolamine phosphate transferase that uses PE as a precursor for an essential step in the synthesis of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor used to link a subset of plasma membrane proteins to lipid bilayers. Similar to the deletion of CHO2, a gene encoding the enzyme converting PE to phosphatidylcholine (PC), deletion of ATG7 was able to restore lipidation and plasma membrane localization of the GPI-anchored protein Gas1 and normal organization of intracellular membranes. Conversely, overexpression of Cho2 was lethal in mcd4-174 cells grown at restrictive temperature. Quantitative lipid analysis revealed that PE levels are substantially reduced in the mcd4-174 mutant but can be restored by deletion of ATG7 or CHO2. Taken together, these data suggest that autophagy competes for a common PE pool with major cellular PE-consuming pathways such as the GPI anchor and PC synthesis, highlighting the possible interplay between these pathways and the existence of signals that may coordinate PE flux.
Psychosocial Outcomes of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in Adulthood
Authors: Rangmar Jenny , Hjern Anders , Vinnerljung Bo , Strömland Kerstin , Aronson Marita , Fahlke Claudia
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Primary disabilities in children prenatally exposed to alcohol have a major impact on their daily life. It is suggested that these issues persist into adulthood, but few studies have addressed the outcome in adults with prenatal exposure, especially those with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). The aim of this follow-up study was to investigate outcome variables, such as education, employment, health, and criminal acts, in 79 adults diagnosed with FAS.

METHODS:

We carried out a national register–based study of 79 adults with an FAS diagnosis, at a mean age of 32. Education, social adjustment, and mental health outcomes were analyzed and compared with 3160 comparison individuals matched on age, gender, and place of birth.

RESULTS:

The FAS group was much more likely to have received special education (25% vs 2%), be unemployed (51% vs 15%), and receive a disability pension (31% vs 3%) than the comparisons, but the levels of criminal offenses were similar. The FAS group had higher hospital admission rates for alcohol abuse (9% vs 2%) and psychiatric disorders (33% vs 5%) and was more likely to be prescribed psychotropic drugs (57% vs 27%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Swedish children with FAS have quite diverse psychosocial outcomes in adulthood, considerably worse than for majority population peers. Potential risk and protective factors within the FAS group deserve study to enable development of effective interventions.
Children’s Academic Achievement and Foster Care
Authors: Berger Lawrence M. , Cancian Maria , Han Eunhee , Noyes Jennifer , Rios-Salas Vanessa
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Poor school outcomes for children in out-of-home placement (OHP) raise concerns about the adequacy of child welfare and educational policy for this vulnerable population. We analyzed the relation between OHP and academic achievement, focusing on reading and math achievement in grades 3 through 8.

METHODS:

Linked administrative data were used for our analytic sample comprising 529 597 child-year observations for 222 049 children who experienced OHP or were in a comparison group. Three models were estimated: a pooled ordinary least squares regression that considered placement status and test scores net of the full set of control variables; an identical model that added the previous year’s test scores as an additional control; and a final model that included child-specific fixed effects.

RESULTS:

Children in OHP settings had achievement test scores at least 0.6 SD below average. However, we found similar deficits across children with past, current, and future exposure to OHP and, in our preferred model, OHP (past, current, or future placement) had no statistically discernible relation with either reading or math achievement.

Conclusions:

OHP by itself is not significantly related to school achievement; however, evidence reveals consistently low average math and reading achievement among children involved with Child Protective Services.
Quinone-Decorated Carbon Materials for Capacitive Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Meller Mikolaj , Fic Krzysztof , Frackowiak Elzbieta
Published: December 2014

Quinone/hydroquinone redox couple has been utilized as a source of additional capacitance in typical capacitive energy-storage materials. By generation of functional groups on the carbon electrode surface (grafting) directly from electrolyte there is a possibility to enhance the capacitance value significantly. Hydroxybenzene solutions with different substitution of hydroxyl groups were effectively used for this target. Electrochemical and physicochemical properties of activated carbons have been investigated before and after grafting process.
Caregivers’ quality of life in mild and moderate dementia
Authors: Santos Raquel Luiza , Sousa Maria Fernanda Barroso de , Simões-Neto José Pedro , Nogueira Marcela Lima , Belfort Tatiana T. , Torres Bianca , Rosa Rachel Dias Lopes da , Laks Jerson , Dourado Marcia Cristina Nascimento
Published: December 2014

Objective To investigate quality of life (QoL) of caregivers of mild and moderate dementia and the aspects related to QoL. Method Cross-sectional assessment of dyads of people with dementia (PwD) and family caregivers (n=88). Results Burden (p<0.05) and depressive symptoms (p<0.001) were related to caregivers’ QoL in both stages of dementia. In mild dementia, caregivers’ depressive symptoms (p<0.001) and PwD neuropsychiatric symptoms (p<0.001) were related to burden. PwD aberrant motor activity (p<0.001) and anxiety (p<0.001), and caregiver-reported QoL domains of friends (p<0.001) and mood (p<0.05) were related to depressive symptoms. In moderate dementia, self-reported QoL (p<0.01) and anxiety (p<0.01), and PwD anxiety (p<0.01) were related to burden. Caregivers’ anxiety (p<0.001) and self-reported QoL (p<0.001) were related to depressive symptoms. Conclusion Burden and depressive symptoms were related to QoL of caregivers of mild and moderate dementia. However, they are driven by different factors according to dementia severity.
Clinical and neuropsychological assessment of executive function in a sample of children and adolescents with idiopathic epilepsy
Authors: Lima Andrea Bandeira de , Moreira Fernanda , Gomes Marleide da Mota , Maia-Filho Heber
Published: December 2014

Objective To compare the executive functions of children and adolescents with idiopathic epilepsy with a control group and to correlate with clinical data, intelligence and academic performance. Method Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. Thirty-one cases and thirty-five controls were evaluated by the WCST (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test).The results were compared with clinical data (seizure type and frequency, disease duration and number of antiepileptic drugs used), IQ (WISC-III) and academic performance (APT). Results Patients with epilepsy had poorer executive function scores. There was no positive linear correlation between test scores and epilepsy variables. There was a positive association between academic performance and some executive function results. Conclusion Children with well controlled idiopathic epilepsy may show deficits in executive functions in spite of clinical variables. Those deficits may influence academic performance.
Notícias do Levantamento de Recursos e Necessidades de Enfermagem na Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem (1955-1958)
Authors: Malta Daniela Vieira , Pereira Laís de Araújo , Santos Tânia Cristina Franco
Published: December 2014

Estudo Histórico Social que tem como objeto notícias sobre o Levantamento de Recursos e Necessidades de Enfermagem no Brasil, publicadas na Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem entre 1955 e 1958. A fonte primária foi constituída pelos exemplares da Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, publicados dentro do recorte temporal do estudo. As fontes secundárias foram constituídas por livros, artigos, dissertações e teses relativas à história da Enfermagem. A análise dos dados teve apoio das fontes secundárias e do pensamento do sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu. Os dados evidenciaram que a Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, além de oportunizar a divulgação de notícias acerca do Levantamento, proporcionou visibilidade ao mesmo mediante a veiculação dessas notícias e, por fim, teve o efeito simbólico de conferir poder e prestígio à Enfermagem Brasileira.
Sobrecarga de trabalho da Enfermagem e incidentes e eventos adversos em pacientes internados em UTI
Authors: Novaretti Marcia Cristina Zago , Santos Edzangela de Vasconcelos , Quitério Ligia Maria , Daud-Gallotti Renata Mahfuz
Published: December 2014

Estudo prospectivo, tipo coorte que visou identificar a influência da sobrecarga de trabalho da Enfermagem na ocorrência de incidentes sem lesão e eventos adversos em 399 pacientes internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Para coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário estruturado e feita análise de prontuários. Nessas admissões, aproximadamente 78% dos incidentes sem lesão e eventos adversos em pacientes foram relacionados à esfera da Enfermagem. Essas ocorrências foram atribuídas à sobrecarga de trabalho, aumentaram o número de dias de internação e o risco de óbito dos pacientes estudados. É fundamental que os gerentes de enfermagem atuem no processo de gestão de pessoas no âmbito hospitalar, evitando a sobrecarga de trabalho e proporcionando, consequentemente, aumento da segurança do paciente.
Fatores ambientais associados ao tempo de decisão para procura de atendimento no infarto do miocárdio
Authors: Mussi Fernanda Carneiro , Mendes Andreia Santos , Damasceno Carla Almeida , Gibaut Mariana de Almeida Moraes , Guimarães Armênio Costa , Teles Carlos Antônio de Souza
Published: December 2014

Objetivou-se estimar o tempo de decisão para procura de atendimento (TD) para homens e mulheres com infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM); analisar a influência de variáveis ambientais no TD e a interação entre gênero e variáveis ambientais para o desfecho TD. Estudo transversal, envolvendo cem pacientes, entrevistados em hospitais de Salvador. Na análise dos dados empregou-se o Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher e o Modelo de Regressão Linear Robusto. Predominou o IAM ocorrido no domicílio, familiares no entorno, e os pacientes sendo alvo de ações equivocadas. Observou-se TD elevado para mulheres (0,9h) e homens (1,4h). Aqueles em casa no início dos sintomas tiveram maior TD, comparados aos no trabalho e menor em relação aos em via pública (p=0,047). Houve interação estatisticamente significante entre gênero e viver acompanhado; e entre gênero e ter companheiro e filhos no entorno, para o desfecho TD. O cuidar em enfermagem focalizado nas especificidades de fatores ambientais e de gênero pode otimizar o atendimento precoce.
Avaliação do risco coronariano e sua relação com as ações de saúde em hipertensos
Authors: Silva Viviane Rassele , Molina Maria del Carmen Bisi , Cade Nagela Valadão
Published: December 2014

Avaliou-se o risco para desenvolvimento de eventos coronarianos agudos de acordo com os critérios de Framingham e com as ações de saúde realizadas em hipertensos de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de Vitória-ES. Estudo observacional, de corte transversal, envolvendo 330 hipertensos. A amostra considerou prevalência do agravo de 50%. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários e as variáveis constituíram o risco coronariano, a pressão arterial, o número de consultas, de atividades educativas e de medicamentos prescritos. Foi utilizada a ANOVA para comparar as variáveis e o teste t pareado para comparação da pressão no período estudado, com nível de significância de 5%. Respectivamente, 115 (34,8%) sujeitos apresentaram baixo risco de infarto ou morte por doença coronariana nos próximos 10 anos; 67 (20,4%) apresentaram médio risco; e 148 (44,8%) apresentaram alto risco. Somente o quantitativo de medicamentos prescritos mostrou relação significante com o risco coronariano elevado.
As Ciências Sociais e Humanas em Saúde na ABRASCO: a construção de um pensamento social em saúde
Authors: Ianni Aurea Maria Zöllner , Spadacio Cristiane , Barboza Renato , Alves Olga Sofia Fabergé , Viana Sabrina Daniela Lopes , Rocha Ane Talita
Published: December 2014

O desenvolvimento de um pensamento social em saúde, recente no Brasil, está relacionado com a constituição da Saúde Coletiva e da Associação Brasileira de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva (ABRASCO). Com a criação da ABRASCO, constituiu-se também a área de Ciências Sociais. Este artigo apresenta os principais aspectos referentes à constituição e institucionalização das Ciências Sociais em Saúde na ABRASCO, com base nos depoimentos de seus presidentes e coordenadores das Comissões de Ciências Sociais no período de 1995 a 2011. Os depoimentos possibilitaram captar e analisar o contexto de constituição desse campo, sua relevância e trajetória no conjunto da Saúde Coletiva, tendo sido agrupados em cinco eixos de análise: (1) o desenvolvimento das Ciências Sociais e Humanas em Saúde; (2) a Saúde Coletiva e a interdisciplinaridade; (3) a contribuição das Ciências Sociais à Saúde Coletiva; (4) as Ciências Sociais em Saúde e as Ciências Sociais “tradicionais”; e (5) os desafios para as Ciências Sociais e Humanas em Saúde.
Incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisêdjê indigenous people of the Xingu, Central Brazil, from 1999-2000 to 2010-2011
Authors: Mazzucchetti Lalucha , Galvão Patrícia Paiva de Oliveira , Tsutsui Mario Luiz da Silva , Santos Kennedy Maia dos , Rodrigues Douglas Antônio , Mendonça Sofia Beatriz , Gimeno Suely Godoy Agostinho
Published: December 2014

The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisêdjê population living in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, from 1999‐2000 to 2010‐2011. The study included 78 individuals aged ≥20 years. Data were analyzed using Student t test, linear regression, and Poisson regression. In 10 years of follow-up, cumulative incidence rates were 37.5% for metabolic syndrome, 47.4% for hypetriglyceridemia, 38.9% for arterial hypertension, 32% for central obesity, 30.4% for excess weight, 29.1% for hypercholesterolemia, 25% for low HDLc, 10.4% for high LDLc, and 2.9% for diabetes mellitus. Age proved to be a risk factor for incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and elevated LDLc, regardless of gender; male gender was a protective factor against incidence of central obesity, independently of age. The study showed deterioration of most target health indicators and exposure of the Khisêdjê to high cardiometabolic risk. These results may be related to changes in traditional lifestyle.
Effects of Green Tea Application Time on Bond Strength after Enamel Bleaching
Authors: Ozelin Andrezza Astafief , Guiraldo Ricardo Danil , Carvalho Rodrigo Varella de , Lopes Murilo Baena , Berger Sandrine Bittencourt
Published: December 2014

This study evaluated the effect of green tea application time on the bond strength of enamel after enamel bleaching. Enamel samples were obtained from 80 third molars and randomly divided into 7 experimental groups (G1-G7) and 1 group without treatment (G8): G1, bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP); G2, CP + 10% sodium ascorbate gel (SA) for 15 min; G3, CP + SA for 30 min; G4, CP + SA for 60 min; G5, CP + 10% green tea gel (GT) for 15 min; G6, CP + GT for 30 min; G7, CP + GT for 60 min. The CP was applied onto the enamel surface for 8 h for 14 days. The SA was applied in groups 2, 3 and 4, and the GT was applied in groups 5-8 according to the above described application times. Immediately after treatment, the specimens were bonded with Adper Single Bond 2 and Filtek Z350XT. The specimens were prepared to microtensile bond strength analysis. Fracture mode analysis was performed using a stereoscopic loupe. The data were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance, the Tukey's and Dunnett's tests (=5%). The means (standard deviation) were: G1, 23.3 (3.2); G2, 25.2 (3.9); G3, 26.4 (5.4); G4, 30.2 (4.5); G5, 26.6 (3.4); G6, 22.0 (5.4); G7, 31.4 (3.3); G8, 31.4 (3.2). All groups had a high percentage of adhesive failures. In conclusion, the bond strength values were higher than the value in the bleached group only when the antioxidants were applied for 60 min.
Effect of a Denture Adhesive on the Satisfaction and Kinesiographic Parameters of Complete Denture Wearers: A Cross-Over Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Marin Danny Omar Mendoza , Leite Andressa Rosa Perin , Paleari André Gustavo , Rodriguez Larissa Santana , Oliveira Junior Norberto Martins de , Pero Ana Carolina , Compagnoni Marco Antonio
Published: December 2014

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a denture adhesive (DA) on patient satisfaction and kinesiographic parameters of complete denture wearers by a cross-over study. Fifty edentulous patients received a set of new complete dentures. After an adaptation period, the participants were enrolled in the trial and randomized to receive a sequence of treatment protocols: Protocol 1- DA use during the first 15 days, followed by no DA for the next 15 days; Protocol 2- no DA during the first 15 days, followed by use of DA for the next 15 days. Outcomes were assessed after 15 days of each sequence of treatment. A questionnaire was used to assess the patients´ satisfaction. A kinesiograph was used to record mandible movements and patterns of maxillary complete denture movement during chewing. The Wilcoxon test (α=0.05) and a paired sample t-test (α=0.05) were used to compare satisfaction levels and kinesiographic data, respectively. Use of DA improved the overall level of patient satisfaction (p<0.001). The kinesiographic recordings revealed a significant increase (1.7 mm) in vertical mandible movements (p<0.001) during chewing and a lower (0.3 mm) vertical intrusion of the maxillary complete dentures (p=0.002) during chewing after using the DA. Use of DA in complete denture wearers improved the patients´ satisfaction and altered mandible movements, with increases in vertical movements during chewing and less intrusion of maxillary complete dentures.
Diagnóstico de animais ilegais recebidos no centro de triagem de animais silvestres de Belo Horizonte, Estado de Minas Gerais, no ano de 2011
Authors: Freitas Ana Cláudia Parreiras de , Oviedo-Pastrana Misael Enrique , Vilela Daniel Ambrózio da Rocha , Pereira Pedro Lúcio Lithg , Loureiro Lucas de Oliveira Carneiro , Haddad João Paulo Amaral , Martins Nelson Rodrigo da Silva , Soares Danielle Ferreira de Magalhães
Published: December 2014

O centro de triagem de animais silvestres em Belo Horizonte (CETAS-BH) é um dos órgãos responsáveis pelo recebimento de animais silvestres em Minas Gerais (MG). O conhecimento da fauna mantida ilegal é ferramenta importante para a conservação dos animais silvestres, pois permite o aprimoramento da educação ambiental e das ações fiscalizadoras. Objetivou-se diagnosticar as espécies da fauna silvestre apreendidas ou entregues voluntariamente no CETAS-BH e analisar espacialmente sua distribuição. As espécies foram identificadas e classificadas de acordo com a chave taxonômica e o risco de extinção. Na análise descritiva espacial, foram identificadas as coordenadas geográficas dos municípios dos animais para a construção dos mapas de distribuição e de densidade de Kernel. No ano de 2011, foram recebidos 7.426 animais vivos, dos quais 91,5% eram aves, 7% répteis e 1,5% mamíferos. Verificou-se ampla variedade de espécies (166), correspondendo às aves a maioria (79,5%). As espécies mais recebidas foram Sicalis flaveola e Saltator similis. Do total de espécies recebidas, 15% estavam ameaçadas de extinção. A principal procedência foi apreensão (82,7%) e, delas, 79% foram realizadas pela Polícia Militar do Meio Ambiente. Os animais eram de 94 municípios de MG. A análise espacial identificou a Região Metropolitana de BH como o local de maior concentração de ocorrências. A partir dos resultados obtidos, espera-se o aprimoramento e a intensificação das ações de educação ambiental e de fiscalização para essas áreas específicas
Caracterização e avaliação das propriedades antioxidantes de filmes biodegradáveis incorporados com polpas de frutas tropicais
Authors: Dantas Emanuelle Andrade , Costa Samantha Serra , Cruz Lindaiá Santos , Bramont Wagner Barbosa , Costa Aline Silva , Padilha Francine Ferreira , Druzian Janice Izabel , Machado Bruna Aparecida Souza
Published: December 2014

O trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e caracterizar embalagens ativas flexíveis formuladas pela incorporação de polpas de frutas tropicais a uma matriz polimérica de amido de mandioca plastificada com glicerol, avaliando as propriedades mecânicas, de barreira e a eficácia antioxidante destas embalagens durante o armazenamento. As embalagens foram produzidas por casting, com concentrações fixas de amido de mandioca (4,5%) e glicerol (1,0%), e concentrações de polpa de manga, acerola e seriguela entre 5 e 20%. Foram caracterizadas as propriedades de barreira (espessura, umidade, sólidos totais, atividade de água e solubilidade) e propriedades mecânicas dos filmes. A ação antioxidante dos aditivos incorporados foi avaliada através do armazenamento do azeite de dendê embalado com os filmes contendo os aditivos naturais, monitorando a sua oxidação por 40 dias, sob condições de oxidação acelerada (63%UR/30°C). A adição das polpas de frutas aos filmes promoveu um aumento da resistência mecânica. Os filmes com as polpas incorporadas desempenharam efeito antioxidante sobre o azeite de dendê durante os 40 dias de armazenamento, podendo ser aplicados para o controle da oxidação deste produto.
Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in a rabid bull
Authors: Marcolongo-Pereira Clairton , Stigger Adriana , Fiss Letícia , Coelho Ana Carolina , Santos Bianca , Junior Sergio Vargas , Schild Ana Lucia
Published: December 2014

This report describes pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in a bull with paralytic rabies. The bull displayed severe swelling in the head, neck, chest and forelimbs extending to the ventrum, including the prepuce, 7 days after the development of neurological signs. At necropsy, extensive subcutaneous emphysema was observed in the neck region, abdominal wall and proximal forelimbs. The lungs failed to collapse and had severe emphysema with bullae. Rabies was suspected due to an ongoing outbreak at the farm and was confirmed by histologic lesions and immunohistochemistry. Similar to humans, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema should be considered as an unusual complication of rabies in cattle.
The health-disease process and the family health strategy: the user's perspective
Authors: Santos Débora de Souza , Tenório Elainey de Albuquerque , Brêda Mércia Zeviane , Mishima Silvana Martins
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the meanings Primary Health Care users attribute to their health-disease process and the services used.METHODS: this qualitative research uses the focus group technique to interview two groups of users the service monitors. The first is a group of elderly people and the second of pregnant women. To analyze the meanings, the discourse analysis technique and the reference framework of health promotion are used.RESULTS: the group of elderly, being mostly female arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus patients, visualizes the health-disease process as the evolution of human existence controlled by divine power, signifying the health service as a blessing in the control of the disease. The Group of young pregnant women signified health as the ability for self-care and disease as the disability for that purposes, considering the Primary Health Care service as responsible for the recovery of individual and family health.FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the users demonstrated dissatisfaction with bureaucratic and vertical relations present at the health services. In each group, it was observed that the meanings for health and disease and meanings of the health service the users elaborated can be related.
Applying Nightingale charts to evaluate the heterogeneity of biomedical waste in a Hospital
Authors: Paiz Janini Cristina , Bigolin Marcio , Schneider Vania Elisabete , Stedile Nilva Lúcia Rech
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the heterogeneity of biomedical waste (BW) using Nightingale charts.METHOD: cross-sectional study consisting of data collection on wastes (direct observation of receptacles, physical characterisation, and gravimetric composition), development of a Management Information System, and creation of statistical charts.RESULTS: the wastes with the greatest degree of heterogeneity are, in order, recyclable, infectious, and organic wastes; chemical waste had the most efficient segregation; Nightingale charts are useful for quick visualisation and systematisation of information on heterogeneity.CONCLUSION: the development of a management information system and the use of Nightingale charts allows for the identification and correction of errors in waste segregation, which increase health risks and contamination by infectious and chemical wastes and reduce the sale and profit from recyclables.
Umidade de equilíbrio de painéis OSB de clones de Eucalyptus urophylla
Authors: Mendes Lourival Marin , Mendes Soraia Aparecida , Mendes Rafael Farinassi , Bufalino Lina , Protásio Thiago de Paula
Published: December 2014

Conduziu-se, este trabalho, com o objetivo de testar a eficiência da equação de Nelson na estimativa da umidade de equilíbrio desse tipo de material e propor um modelo para a determinação da umidade dos painéis em função da umidade relativa do ar, bem como avaliar os efeitos de algumas variáveis de processo na umidade de equilíbrio de painéis OSB (Oriented Strand Board). Amostras com dimensões de 25 x 25 mm foram colocadas em câmara de climatização, onde permaneceram a uma temperatura constante de 30ºC e tiveram suas massas determinadas, quando estabilizadas nos teores de umidade relativa do ar de 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 e 90%. Pelos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que: a equação de Nelson tem a tendência de subestimar os valores de umidade do painel; o modelo polinomial ajustado com base apenas na umidade relativa do ar apresentou grande potencial de utilização; não houve efeito das variáveis densidade do painel, densidade básica da madeira, tipo de colchão e temperatura de prensagem sobre os valores médios de umidade de equilíbrio na dessorção 1, adsorção e dessorção 2, apesar de comportamentos distintos terem sido observados para as isotermas dos tratamentos.
Teores de carbono em espécies da floresta ombrófila mista e efeito do grupo ecológico
Authors: Watzlawick Luciano Farinha , Martins Patrikk John , Rodrigues Aurélio Lourenço , Ebling Ângelo Augusto , Balbinot Rafaelo , Lustosa Sebastião Brasil Campos
Published: December 2014

O presente trabalho foi realizado no município de Boa Ventura do São Roque, PR, com o objetivo de avaliar os teores de carbono nos compartimentos das árvores de 12 espécies arbóreas da Floresta Ombrófila Mista Montana; testar a eficácia do fator de conversão de 0,5 na estimativa do carbono nas espécies, e avaliar a influência do grupo ecológico das espécies quanto aos teores de carbono. Teores de carbono médio foram obtidos, a partir dos compartimentos das árvores e comparados entre si, entre as espécies e com o fator de conversão, visando a avaliar as diferenças interespecíficas e de eficácia do fator. Para analisar a influência dos grupos ecológicos sobre os teores de carbono, procedeu-se com a análise de agrupamentos. Não foi observada diferença significativa entre os teores de carbono encontrados para os diferentes compartimentos das árvores. Entretanto, considerando os teores das 12 espécies avaliadas, Luehea divaricata, Albizia polycephala e Cestrum sp. foram, estatisticamente, diferentes das demais, apresentando concentrações menores. Constatou-se que o fator de conversão de 0,5 superestima os teores de carbono nas árvores a uma média de 14,27%. Não houve correlação entre o grupo ecológico das espécies e seus teores de carbono, considerando que houve a formação de agrupamentos por semelhança nos teores, representados por espécies de diversas fases sucessionais.
Evolução do excesso de peso e fatores associados em mulheres de 10 a 49 anos em Pernambuco, Nordeste, Brasil
Authors: Costa Emilia Chagas , Lira Pedro Israel Cabral de , Oliveira Juliana Souza , Menezes Risia Cristina Egito de , Tavares Fernanda Cristina de Lima Pinto , Batista Filho Malaquias
Published: December 2014

OBJETIVO: Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a evolução do excesso do peso e fatores a ele associados, em mulheres de 10 a 49 anos, no Estado de Pernambuco, em pesquisas realizadas em 1997 e em 2006. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo transversal, de base populacional, com amostra probabilística representativa dos meios urbano e rural de Pernambuco, abrangendo 1 . 105 mulheres em 1997, e 1 . 464 em 2006. Para mulheres entre 10 e 19 anos, foi utilizada a relação índice de massa corporal/idade, observados os seguintes parâmetros: déficit de peso: valores abaixo de -2 escores-Z; peso adequado: entre -2 e <1 escores-Z; sobrepeso: >1 e <2 escores-Z; obesidade: >2 escore-Z. Para mulheres com idade superior a 19 anos, consideraram-se os seguintes valores: déficit de peso: índice de massa corporal <18,5; normal: índice de massa corporal >18,5 e <24,9; sobrepeso: índice de massa corporal >25,0 e <29,9; obesidade: índice de massa corporal >30 kg/m2. A análise de regressão de Poisson foi utilizada para avaliar a associação entre o excesso de peso e as variáveis explanatórias. RESULTADOS: Em relação ao estado nutricional no período compreendido entre 1997 e 2006, houve um aumento significativo no sobrepeso e obesidade, com estabilização na prevalência de déficit de peso. O excesso de peso aumentou de 32,8% em 1997 para 41,7% em 2006, representando um incremento de 27,1%. As mulheres da Região Metropolitana do Recife, do Interior Urbano e Rural apresentaram um aumento de excesso de peso de 40,2%, 6,8% e 45,2%, respectivamente. Na avaliação dos fatores associados a esse agravo, em 2006, permaneceram significantes, após ajuste, baixa escolaridade (quatro ou menos anos de estudo), a posse de três ou mais bens de uso doméstico, idade e maior número de gestações, em contraste com o estudo de 1997, que apontava sobrepeso associado à idade e ao maior número de gestações. CONCLUSÃO: O excesso de peso em mulheres em idade fértil, no Estado de Pernambuco, aumentou significativamente, observando-se menor ritmo no Interior Urbano. Evidencia-se nas categorias de condições socioeconômicas e microambientais mais favoráveis uma clara desaceleração no incremento temporal do excesso ponderal.
Searching for randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews on exercise. A descriptive study
Authors: Grande Antonio José , Hoffmann Tammy , Glasziou Paul
Published: December 2014

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The current paradigm of science is to accumulate as much research data as possible, with less thought given to navigation or synthesis of the resulting mass, which hampers locating and using the research. The aim here was to describe the number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews (SRs) focusing on exercise, and their journal sources, that have been indexed in PubMed over time. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study conducted at Bond University, Australia. METHOD: To find RCTs, a search was conducted in PubMed Clinical Queries, using the category "Therapy" and the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) term "Exercise". To find SRs, a search was conducted in PubMed Clinical Queries, using the category "Therapy", the MeSH term "Exercise" and various methodological filters. RESULTS: Up until 2011, 9,354 RCTs about exercise were published in 1,250 journals and 1,262 SRs in 513 journals. Journals in the area of Sports Science published the greatest number of RCTs and journals categorized as belonging to "Other health professions" area (for example nursing or psychology) published the greatest number of SRs. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was the principal source for SRs, with 9.8% of the total, while the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research and Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise published 4.4% and 5.0% of the RCTs, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The rapid growth and resulting scatter of RCTs and SRs on exercise presents challenges for locating and using this research. Solutions for this issue need to be considered.