bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lithological and facial structure and prospects of the oil and gas capacity of the Middle Jurassic sediments of the Predobrogean depression
Authors: Hrigorchuk Kostyantyn , Hnidets Volodymyr , Kokhan Oksana , Balandyuk Lina
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of complex lithogenetic studies of the Middle Jurassic deposits of the Predobrogean depression. The nature of the lithological-lithmological space-age variability of the Callovian and Bath-Bajocian deposits was established, lithophysical models were built on this basis, and the peculiarities of the development of reservoir rocks of various types and aquitards were clarified. In the lithological structure of the Middle Jurassic, three types of section are distinguished according to the ratio of rock components. It was established that the lithological structure of the Callovian and Bath-Bajocian deposits is significantly different: clayey, as well as siltstone-sand litmites are characteristic of the Bath-Bajocian, and mixed and terrigenous litmites with a carbonate component are characteristic of the Callovian. The lateral lithological and lithological heterogeneity of the sediments indicates that the studied profiles cross several facies zones. Two clastogenic packs of regional distribution were identified in the section of the Bath-Bajocian in the lower and middle parts of the section, 55–60 m and 50–240 m thick, respectively, separated by a pack of clay formations. The Callovian deposits are characterized by the development of mixed litmites, to a certain extent enriched in carbonate rocks. Three oil and gas promising areas have been localized. First, this is the district of Well Suvorivska-4, where the development of a combined (anticlinal and lithologically limited) trap is predicted in the Callovian deposits. Secondly, the area between Well Chervonoarmiyska-2 and Suvorivska-4, where 10 horizons of both pore and fracture reservoirs are wedged in the Bath-Bajocian deposits. The third is the district of Well Starotroyanivska-1, where there is a anticlinal trap with the development in the Bath-Bajocian deposits of two horizons of pore collectors, which are shielded by rather powerful aquitards.
Purification and physico-chemical properties of Bacillus atrophaeus protease with elastolytic and fibrinogenolytic activity
Authors:   Institute of Microbiology and Virology named after D. K. Zabolotny, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Gudzenko O. V. , Varbanets L. D. ,   Institute of Microbiology and Virology named after D. K. Zabolotny, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Chernyshenko V. O. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Stohnii Y. M. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;, Ostapchuk A. M. ,   Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, Ukraine;, Ivanytsia V. O. ,   Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, Ukraine;
Published: December 2024

Microbial proteases, among which proteases capable of cleaving elastin, fibrin, fibrinogen, and collagen, have been a matter of interest to researchers due to their significant biotechnological potential along with low production cost. We previously showed that Bacillus atrophaeus 08 synthesizes an extracellular protease complex that exhibits high elastolytic, fibrinogenolytic, fibrinolytic activity, and minor caseinolytic and collagenase activity. The aim of the work was to isolate and purify the Bacillus atrophaeus 08 protease from the culture liquid supernatant and to study the physicochemical properties and substrate specificity of enzyme preparation. Precipitation with ammonium sulfate of 90% saturation, gel-permeation and ion-exchange chromatography were used in the experiment. According to the data obtained, the yield of the purified enzyme with a molecular weight of about 30 kDa was 6%, its elastase activity increased 30 times (420 U/mg protein), and fibrinogenolytic activity 31.8 times (350 U/mg protein). In addition, it also exhibited fibrinolytic (35.3 U/mg protein), minor caseinolytic activity (1.2 U/mg protein) and no collagenase activity. The optimum of elastin hydrolysis was at 37°C, pH 3.0 and 9.0-10.0, the optimum for fibrinogen hydrolysis was 12°C, pH 4.0. SDS-PAAG electrophoresis showed that the Bβ-chain of fibrinogen was almost not cleaved even after 1 h of incubation with the enzyme, while the Aα-chain disappeared already at the 30th min with the production of fragments with M.W. of about 30-45 kDa. The activity of the studied enzyme preparation towards fibrin was much lower than towards fibrinogen.

Keywords: Bacillus atrophaeus 08, elastolytic and fibrinogenolytic activity, pH and thermooptimum, protease, substrate specificity
Awareness of Online Learning Among Post Graduate Students: A Study
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, Tamil Nadu, selvam S.k. Panneer
Published: December 2024

In order to capitalize on the potential of digital technology as a learning tool, there is an urgent need of the professional development of teachers. It allows teachers to construct professional knowledge about pedagogy, content and technology as well as strategies for managing the changing classroom environments. Teachers have to develop competence in teaching in the digital world order and redefine their role in technology based learning. The term “information explosion” really means an explosion of knowledge. New frontiers of knowledge are opening day-by-day and the horizon of human knowledge and understanding is expanding very fast. In the present days all above mentioned knowledge information and skill is imparted by the education institutions. Online education originally began through various companies and their training courses. When a new employee was hired online training courses were used to prepare the employee.
The Role of “The Talk” and Its Themes in Black Youths’ Anticipatory Stress of Police Brutality
Authors: Webb Lindsey , Jindal Monique , Karbeah J’Mag , Testa Alexander , Fix Rebecca L. , Jackson Dylan B.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Research on conversations between caregivers and their children about how to prepare or conduct themselves when stopped by police (ie, “the talk”) has grown in recent years. However, little is known about how having “the talk” may influence youths’ stress about future experiences of police brutality (ie, anticipatory stress of police brutality). The objective of the present study is to examine how youths’ anticipatory stress regarding police brutality varies by whether they have had “the talk” with their caregivers.

METHODS

Data come from the Survey of Police-Adolescent Contact Experiences (SPACE), a cross-sectional survey of a community-based sample of Black youth aged 12 to 21 years in Baltimore, Maryland (n = 339), collected from August 2022 to July 2023. Multivariable ordinary least squares regressions were conducted to (1) examine associations between “the talk” and anticipatory stress of police brutality among a sample of Black youth in Baltimore and (2) examine the associations between messages in “the talk” and anticipatory stress of police brutality among youth who received “the talk.”

RESULTS

Findings indicate that having “the talk” was associated with lower anticipatory stress of police brutality. Moreover, among youth who received “the talk,” certain messages from parents during “the talk” were associated with significant increases in anticipatory stress of police brutality compared with other messages.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings underscore the need for a nuanced understanding of “the talk’s” broader implications on youth well-being and may be used to expand opportunities for youth to encounter affirmative racial socialization messages.
Por que observar critérios psicolinguísticos?
Authors: Dos Santos Rodrigues Erica , Cristine Hübner Lilian , Rodrigues Bastos Ana Paula
Published: December 2024

A aplicação de critérios psicolinguísticos na construção de tarefas linguísticas para avaliação de desempenho linguístico-cognitivo em pesquisas e práticas educacionais e clínicas pode garantir a confiabilidade dos dados obtidos. O presente artigo, fundamentado em referenciais teóricos e em procedimentos metodológicos da Psicolinguística, busca evidenciar a importância da adoção de critérios psicolinguísticos no desenvolvimento de tarefas, indicando os fatores que devem ser observados, dependendo do objetivo do estudo ou da prática, na produção de estímulos nos níveis da palavra, da sentença e do texto. A adoção dos critérios é justificada a partir de exemplificações de aplicações nas áreas da Educação e da Saúde, com o intuito de demonstrar o potencial desse tipo de abordagem na identificação de perfis de desempenho individuais ou de grupos, em populações típicas ou atípicas. O artigo inclui também considerações sobre o desenho das tarefas e a utilização de recursos computacionais de apoio.  Espera-se contribuir para a instrumentalização de pesquisadores, educadores e clínicos, com potencial de aplicação em outras áreas interdisciplinares.
Dlaczego informatyka poszukuje filozofii?
Authors: Janusz Robert
Published: December 2024

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Multifunctional Gelatin Hydrogel Microspheres Delivering Phages and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor
Authors: Moghtader Farzaneh
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, enfekte yaraların iyileşmesinde kullanılmak üzere çok fonksiyonlu farmasötikler olarak fajları (antibakteriyel ajan olarak) ve/veya temel fibroblast büyüme faktörünü (anjiyojenik faktör olarak) taşıyan – kontrollu salan jelatin hidrojel mikroküreleri (GEL'ler) hazırlamaktır. Hem konak hem de hedef olarak E.coli kullanılarak T4 fajları çoğaltılmış ve aktivite testleri yapılmıştır. Farklı çapraz bağlanma derecelerine sahip GEL'ler iki aşamalı bir proses ile bazik ve/veya asidik jelatin kullanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Jeller farklı miktarlarda glutaraldehit ile çapraz bağlanmıştır. Asidik ve enzimatik bozunmalar incelenmiştir. Bu mikrokürelerin içine T4 fajları ve/veya temel fibroblast büyüme faktörü yüklenmiş ve salım kinetikleri ve modları araştırılarak optimize edilmiştir
Digitalization as a New Reality in the Management of the Russian Tourism Market
Authors: Gushchina Elena , Vitalyeva Elena
Published: December 2024

Digitalization is one of the key trends in the modern world, affecting various spheres of public life, and the tourism industry is no exception. In this context, digitalization of the management of the region’s tourism market can bring both benefits and challenges. On the one hand, digitalization allows tourists to receive more detailed and up-to-date information about tourist sites, services, and offers in the region, which can stimulate the growth of tourist activity and increase the flow of visitors. On the other hand, digitalization increases the risks of cyber attacks and data theft, so it is necessary to take measures to ensure the cybersecurity of the tourist infrastructure. Under the conditions of sanctions and import substitution, many international digital systems and services for Russian tourists became unavailable, which contributed to the emergence and development of national applications and services for tourists. There is a need to explore existing digital opportunities, compare Russian and Western services for tourists, and form recommendations for further development and adaptation of digital services to the needs of society. The article analyzes the modern digital institutional environment, compares Western and Russian services for tourists, examines the target audience and consumer preferences of Russian tourists, and provides recommendations within the framework of the tourism development strategy in the regions of the country.
Social Design as a Factor of Business Competitiveness
Authors: Melnik Tatiana
Published: December 2024

Within the framework of the conducted system analysis, the main factors determining the development of the domestic corporate sector at the present stage of society’s development are highlighted: the formation of a new system of consumer values with a high level of socio-ethical expectations; intensification of competition, saturation of markets, and the absence of fundamental functional differences between varieties of goods within the same product category; transition from the philosophy of confrontation to competitive cooperation (coopetition); increasing the attention of the state and society to the ethical side of business activities. The established set of factors makes it possible to determine the main promising directions for further development of the domestic corporate sector. In the research, the author relies on the conceptual and categorical apparatus, global patterns of social development, the theory of generations, current approaches in the field of branding, reputation management, corporate social responsibility, strategic marketing, etc. Based on the results of the analysis, the stages of the development of a social project are proposed, reflecting a marketing approach to determining the social needs and needs of a specific social group (consumers) and their subsequent satisfaction. The application of the proposed approach to the process of developing and promoting a social project will allow you to create a successful marketing product that allows you to solve a specific social problem.
The Role of Institutions in Shaping Technological Trajectories: Ideas from Institutional Economics
Authors: Shkalenko Anna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the interaction between technological innovations and institutional structures and their combined impact on economic trajectories. The article introduces a new analytical method, founded on the development of a classification of approaches to analyzing the relationships between institutions and technologies within the context of institutional and evolutionary economics. This approach enables a deeper understanding of their mechanisms of interaction and fosters economic development. Through theoretical analysis, a review of contemporary literature, comparative analysis, and case studies, the research proposes an analytical method and presents new findings. These include a comparative analysis of the relationship between institutions and technologies, a variational model of the life cycle of general purpose technologies (GPTs), and a critical examination of the role of institutions in the theory of general purpose technologies, the theory of technological structures, and the theory of techno-economic paradigms. Furthermore, it argues for the new concept of techno-economic institutions: institutions that ensure the embeddedness of technologies within the social and economic environment. These results expand the theoretical foundation of institutional and evolutionary economics, offering significant proposals for policy development that utilize the interaction of institutions and technologies to stimulate economic progress. The effectiveness of the new method is validated through thorough analysis and systematization of theoretical and empirical data. The new research outcomes not only supplement existing knowledge in the field of institutional and evolutionary economics but also serve as a foundation for formulating economic development strategies that consider the interaction between institutions and technologies.
Expert Methods of Monitoring the Development of Enterprises in the Real Sector of the DPR Economy
Authors: Lepa Roman , Polovyan Alexey , Savchenko Irina
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of a survey of enterprises in the real sector of the economy of the Donetsk People’s Republic, conducted by the Institute of Economic Research (Donetsk, DPR). The purpose of the survey was to assess the effectiveness of the development of enterprises in the real sector of the economy of the republic in the following blocks: state participation in the development of enterprises; assessment of strategic management of enterprises; resource security of enterprises; assessment of innovative development of enterprises of the Republic. The authors identified the factors hindering the development of enterprises in the republic and identified the reasons for their innovative passivity. The article substantiates the importance of an enterprise development strategy, the presence and effectiveness of which correlate with the level of innovative development of the enterprise. Clustering of the survey results was carried out in order to identify the effectiveness of public administration and development of enterprises of the Republic with the allocation of four groups of enterprises: innovators, trendsetters, followers, and donors.
Developing the Potential of Agriculture in Russia Under Western Sanctions and Food Independence Priorities
Authors: Timofeyeva Galina , Buletova Natalia , Skachkova Svetlana
Published: December 2024

The introduction of digital technologies into economic practices at the national and regional levels poses the task of mandatory digital transformation in the most traditional (agrarian) sector of the economy, the basis of which is agricultural activity, critically dependent on the condition and availability of factors such as land, labor, and capital. The shortage of material and financial resources, the growth of elements of self-government, dependence on suppliers of digital products, and sanctions pressure on the national market – all these factors aggravate the problem of the economic efficiency of introducing digital technologies into this sector of the national economy. The traditionally high role of the state in the development of agriculture requires presenting promising directions for realizing the potential of agriculture in the context of digital transformation, aimed at ensuring the growth of added value generated in this industry, increasing self-sufficiency (food independence) in the most export-oriented agricultural products, and participation in the formation of an independent and safe for all countries participating in the global digital platform and other achievements of the digital economy (blockchain, smart livestock and crop production technologies, robotic technologies with AI, etc.). The article presents the results of the author’s research using the example of a number of regions with sharply different levels of agricultural development, including an assessment of the level of food independence of Russia at the regional level and external environmental factors that impede the realization of the competitiveness of Russian agricultural products on the world market, including through limited access to global infrastructure for international trade in grain and other agricultural products.
Microplasma-Sprayed Titanium and Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Ti6Al4V Alloy: in vitro Biocompatibility and Corrosion Resistance: Part II
Authors: Alontsev Darya , (Yantsen) Yuliya Safarova , Voinarovych Sergii , Obrosov Aleksei , Yamanoglu Ridvan , Khoshnaw Fuad , Nessipbekova Assem , Syzdykova Aizhan , Yavuz Hasan Ismail , Kaliuzhnyi Sergii , Krasavin Alexander , Azamatov Bagdat , Khozhanov Alexandr , Olzhayev Farkhad , Weiß Sabine
Published: December 2024

Part II presents the results which show that HA coatings significantly enhance MSC proliferation by 13% compared to the titanium alloy base, while titanium coatings also exhibit an 11% increase. Porosity inversely affects CP-Ti’s elasticity. Coatings with lower porosity demonstrate better corrosion resistance. HA coatings promote osteogenic activity and angiogenesis, which is crucial for implant integration.
Impact of additional water on cementitious materials containing superabsorbent polymers: effects on compressive strength and autogenous shrinkage
Authors: de Souza Luíza Ferreira Moreira , Vieira Victória Barbosa Costa Garcia , Agostinho Livia Borba , Capuzzo Valdirene Maria Silva
Published: December 2024

There are divergent views in the literature regarding the use of additional water in cementitious materials containing superabsorbent polymers (SAP). The polymer is mainly used to mitigate autogenous shrinkage. Some studies report a decrease in compressive strength and attribute it to the addition of SAP, while others argue that the real issue is the use additional water. The aim of this study is to analyze the state of the art regarding the influence of additional water in cementitious mixtures containing SAP and its effect on compressive strength and autogenous shrinkage. Microconcretes and pastes are categorized based on SAP dosages and systematic reviews of the relevant literature. The methodology employs a parameterization approach for standardized comparisons, considering water-to-cement ratios (w/c) and total water content. Autogenous shrinkage and compressive strength are analyzed for each mixture, with and without extra water. Results reveal distinct behaviors, indicating optimal SAP dosages of 0.20% by weight of binder for balancing autogenous shrinkage mitigation and minimal harm to compressive strength. In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights into SAP’s effectiveness in mitigating autogenous shrinkage and provides a foundation for optimising SAP dosages in different cementitious materials. The findings facilitate informed decisions for durable concrete construction practices.
Exploring the overall urban form quality at neighbourhood level in Tehran metropolis, Iran
Authors: Baghernezhad Elnaz , Zebardast Esfandiar
Published: December 2024

Recognising that urban form is a complex, multi-level concept evaluated using various indicators at different levels, this study employs a composite index based on measurable indicators at a single level to investigate the overall urban form quality. The hybrid factor analysis and analytic network process model addresses the issue of mutual geography between indicators and facilitates discussion of synergies and trade-offs between different indicators at the given scale, thereby enhancing understanding of the overall quality of urban form. The empirical application of this method at 368 neighbourhoods of Tehran metropolis in Iran unveil three distinct clusters depicting a range of compactness through neighbourhoods from 36 measurable indicators. This versatile approach, applicable across various scales, serves as a tool for identifying the quality of multi-dimensional and multi-scale phenomena, including urban form. It provides invaluable insights to practitioners and policymakers on how indicators influence and shape the quality of urban form.
Developmental and Cell Fate Analyses Support a Postnatal Origin for the Cortical Collecting System in the Mouse Kidney
Authors: Parvez Riana K. , Csipán Réka L. , Liu Jing , Gevorgyan Ara , Rutledge Elisabeth A. , Guo Jinjin , Kim Doh Kyung , McMahon Andrew P.
Published: December 2024

Key Points

An adult-like corticomedullary organization underlying kidney function is established 10 days after birth in the mouse kidney.

Genetic lineage tracing demonstrates the cortical collecting duct network is generated from progenitors after birth.

Mature cell types of the nephron progenitor–derived connecting tubule and ureteric progenitor–derived collecting epithelium are established by P15.

Background

Structure and function in the mammalian kidney are organized along a radial axis highlighted by the corticomedullary organization and regional patterning of the collecting system. The arborized collecting epithelium arises through controlled growth, branching, and commitment of Wnt11+ ureteric progenitor cells within cortically localized branch tips until postnatal day 3.

Methods

We applied in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence to key markers of collecting duct cell types to examine their distribution in the embryonic and postnatal mouse kidneys. To address the contribution of ureteric progenitor cells at a given time to cell diversity and spatial organization in the adult mouse kidney, we performed genetic lineage tracing of Wnt11

+
cells in the embryonic and early postnatal mouse kidney.

Results

Cell fate analyses showed much of the cortical collecting duct network was established postnatally. Furthermore, epithelial reorganization, regional differentiation, and functional maturation of key cell types to an adult-like collecting epithelium was not complete until around 2 weeks after birth in both ureteric progenitor cell–derived collecting system and structurally homologous nephron progenitor cell–derived connecting tubule.

Conclusions

These studies underline the importance of the relatively understudied early postnatal period to the development of a functional mammalian kidney.
ÖLÜM KARŞISINDA VE SEMBOLİK ÖLÜMSÜZLÜK ARAYIŞINDA ERKEKLİK: DEHŞET YÖNETİM KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Çelik Özkan Gizem
Published: December 2024

Ölüm, insan yaşamının bir parçası olarak küçük yaşlardan itibaren farkındalığı kazanılan kimi zaman korku kimi zaman zorunlu ve sağlıklı bir kabul edişle içselleştirilen bir gerçektir. Dehşet Yönetim Kuramı (DYK), ölümün kaçınılmaz ve öngörülemez olmasının insanlarda psikolojik çatışma yarattığını ve bu çatışmanın sebep olduğu korku ile baş edebilmek adına sembolik de olsa ölümsüzlüğe ulaşılmaya çalışıldığını öne süren bir yaklaşımdır. Araştırmalar, ölümlülüğün belirginliği uyarıldığında cinsiyetler arası kimi farklılıkların olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu durum, erkekliklerin ölüm karşısındaki tutumlarını ve sembolik ölümsüzlük arayışında başvurdukları mekanizmaların neler olduğu konusunda bir merak uyandırmaktadır. Özellikle hegemonik erkeklik tanımlaması dahilinde sıklıkla vurgulanan özellikler dolayısıyla erkekliğin ispatlanması ya da kazanılan erkekliğin kaybedilmemesi adına riskli eylemlerde bulunulabilmektedir. Bu, bir yönüyle erkekliğin ispatı veya kaybedilme korkusunu içinde barındırırken bir yönüyle de erkeklerin (özellikle hegemonik ve bir yönüyle suç ortağı) üstesinden gelmeye çalıştıkları korkularıdır. Bu çalışmada DYK çerçevesinde erkekliklerin ölüm karşısındaki tutumları, konuyla bağlantılı ulusal ve uluslararası güncel literatür bilgileri ışığında değerlendirilmiş ve yazarın toplumsal cinsiyet ve eleştirel erkeklik çalışmaları odağındaki geçmiş çalışmalarında geliştirdiği görüşlerine dayalı analizlerle ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada ölüm, DYK bileşenleri çerçevesinde iki anlamda ele alınmaktadır. İlki bildiğimiz gerçek anlamda yaşamsal fonksiyonların bütünüyle son bulması, ikincisi ise eril toplumsal yapı tarafından kurgulanan toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğine dayalı erkeklik rollerinin yerine getirilememesi ya da “yeterince” yerine getirilmemesi sonrası toplumsal hayatta yaşanan “erkeklik kaybı”nın neden olduğu metaforik ölüm halidir. Amaç, biyolojik ölüm karşısında erkeklerin nasıl bir tutum izlediğine dair genel bir çerçeve sunabilmek ve daha özelde ölüm karşısında erkeğin sembolik olarak hayatta kalma isteği ile toplumsal gerçeklik içinde erkekliğinin de hayatta kalma zorunluluğu arasında yaşadığı karmaşayı gözler önüne sermektir.
EXAMINING EMPLOYEES’ EMOTIONS TOWARDS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI): A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Authors: Can Gözde Dilara , Tolay Ebru
Published: December 2024

In this study, we aimed to investigate employees’ perspectives on artificial intelligence (AI) and understand their opinions and emotions regarding the future advancements of AI and its potential impacts on their work lives. We conducted a qualitative study using an inductive approach and a phenomenological research design. We employed purposive sampling methods to select 20 participants from various sectors for interviews to achieve this goal. We utilized content analysis with the MAXQDA 2024 program, followed by descriptive and relational analyses of the categories and codes we obtained. Our research showed that the most common emotion among participants regarding their encounters with AI was ‘astonishment.’ We discovered that the participants had mixed feelings towards AI, including positive emotions such as happiness, curiosity, admiration, and excitement, and negative emotions such as anxiety, fear, anger, frustration, and distrust. Our study showed that respondents were most surprised and happiest about how AI makes life easier and more convenient and how its speed gives people more time for their personal lives. Conversely, the factors that caused the most concern and fear among participants were the potential for mass unemployment due to AI and the risk of encouraging laziness in people. Many of them believe that AI has the potential to bring significant advantages to humanity, particularly in fields such as healthcare, the environment, and the economy. However, there is also a growing concern and fear around the possibility that AI could spiral out of control, be utilized in biological, chemical, and technological warfare, and result in widespread unemployment.
Using Generative AI Models to Understand FOMC Monetary Policy Discussions
Authors: Dunn Wendy , Meade Ellen E. , Sinha Nitish Ranjan , Kabir Raakin
Published: December 2024

In an era increasingly shaped by artificial intelligence (AI), the public’s understanding of economic policy may be filtered through the lens of generative AI models (also called large language models or LLMs). Generative AI models offer the promise of quickly ingesting and interpreting large amounts of textual information.
Measuring Inclusion: Gender and Coauthorship at the Federal Reserve Board
Authors: Datta Deepa D. , Vigfusson Robert J.
Published: December 2024

Relative to diversity, inclusion is much harder to measure. We measure inclusion of women in economics using novel data on coauthoring relationships among Federal Reserve Board economists. Individual coauthoring relationships are voluntary, yet inclusion in coauthoring networks can be central to research productivity and career success. We document gender affinity in coauthoring, with individuals up to 34 percent more likely to have a same-gender coauthor in the data relative to what would be predicted by random assignment. Because women account for under 30 percent of Federal Reserve Board economists, gender affinity in coauthoring relationships may reduce research opportunities for women relative to their men peers. Whereas commonality of research interests is not sufficient to explain observed gender affinity in coauthoring, we find that paper outcomes may encourage gender affinity, in that papers authored by only men are more downloaded and more likely to be published than papers by mixed-gender teams. Gender affinity may contribute to the gender gap in authoring as well: women make up only 23 percent of authors in the later part of our sample, about 4 percentage points below their share of the economist population. We estimate that reducing gender affinity by men could eliminate between 1.5 to 3 percentage points of the gender gap in observed research output by women. Our findings on gender affinity in coauthoring provide an empirical assessment of the state of inclusivity in economics.
Gender Gaps in the Federal Reserve System
Authors: Datta Deepa D. , Tzur-Ilan Nitzan
Published: December 2024

To better understand the stalled progress of women in economics, we construct new data on women's representation and research output in one of the largest policy institutions—the Federal Reserve System. We document a slight increase in women’s representation over the past 20 years, in line with academic trends. We also document a significant gender gap in research output, especially for years in which economists have greater domestic responsibilities, but nearly absent gender gaps in policy output and career progression. This work complements existing research on women in academia, allowing a more comprehensive examination of progress in the economics profession.
Foreign economic policy uncertainty and U.S. equity returns
Authors: Jahan-Parvar Mohammad. R. , Kitsul Yuriy , Rahman Jamil , Wilson Beth Anne
Published: December 2024

We document that foreign economic policy uncertainty (EPUF) has significant incremental predictive power for excess U.S. stock returns in the presence of domestic EPU, both in aggregate and for returns of portfolios constructed on firm characteristics, for 6 to 12-months-ahead horizons. We find that EPUF shocks primarily transmit to equity prices through cash flow news rather than the discount rate news channel. We examine whether responses of select macro-financial variables to an adverse EPUF shock are consistent with this transmission mechanism. Corporate investment outlays, payouts, and aggregate credit demand decline in response to such a shock.
Una especie nueva de Polystemma (Apocynaceae) de Aguascalientes, México
Authors: Ocampo Gilberto , Martínez-Ramírez Julio , Alvarado-Cárdenas Leonardo O.
Published: December 2024

Antecedentes: Polystemma tiene alrededor de 27 especies distribuidas desde el sureste de Estados Unidos hasta el centro de Costa Rica. Actividades de recolecta botánica detectaron la presencia de una especie del género, que no coincide con algún taxón conocido.
Preguntas: ¿Los ejemplares recolectados corresponden a una especie nueva? ¿Cuál es su estado de conservación?
Especies de estudio: Polystemma margaritadelacerdae.
Sitio y años de estudio: Aguascalientes, 2022-2024.
Métodos: Se revisaron especímenes recolectados recientemente, para elaborar una descripción morfológica. Se evaluó su estado de conservación siguiendo los lineamientos de la Lista Roja de la IUCN.
Resultados: Polystemma margaritadelacerdae se propone como especie nueva, debido a la presencia de una corola verde, una corona ginostegial exerta, cilíndrica, con lóbulos fimbriados a denticulados. Hasta el momento, se considera como una especie en la categoría de Vulnerable (VU).
Conclusiones: Se describe una especie nueva de Polystemma, con lo cual las especies de Apocynaceae presentes en Aguascalientes se incrementa a 25.
СОВРЕМЕННАЯ РОССИЙСКАЯ СЕМЬЯ: ПОТРЕБНОСТИ И ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ ПОДДЕРЖКИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВОЛГОГРАДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)
Authors: Полтавская Мария Борисовна , Васильев Евгений Сергеевич , Гуляев Святослав Борисович
Published: December 2024

Целью исследования является выявление потребностей современной семьи, описание и характеристика институциональных ресурсов современной семьи на основе вторичных данных социологического опроса семей Волгоградской области.
Методологическую базу исследования составили российские и зарубежные труды, рассматривающие семью как социальный институт в рамках двух парадигм: модернизационной парадигмы, представленной теорией демографического перехода, и кризисной парадигмы, представленной теорией институционального кризиса семьи. Выявлено, что исследований, оценивающих институциональные ресурсы российских семей, недостаточно. Эмпирической базой исследования послужил вторичный анализ данных анкетирования, проведенного в 2022 году в Волгоградской области, n = 826, выборка квотная по территории проживания и социально-демографическим характеристикам населения Волгоградской области.
Результаты исследования показали, что основным институциональным ресурсом поддержки семей является материальная (финансовая) поддержка. Материнский (семейный) капитал — это основное экономическое средство стимулирования рождаемости, однако его действие не оказывает решающего влияния на итоговую рождаемость. Выявлено, что причины, по которой женщины Волгоградской области решились бы на рождение еще одного ребенка, связаны не только с материнским капиталом, но и с доступностью качественного медицинского обслуживания, дошкольных образовательных учреждений. Определен недостаточный уровень информированности о наборе оказываемых социальных услуг, а также трудности в связи с бюрократизацией процесса получения услуг, что требует пересмотра политики информирования семей в регионе и корректировки регламентов предоставления социальных услуг.
Перспективы исследования. Обобщенные данные о потребностях и институциональных ресурсах семей Волгоградской области могут быть использованы при корректировке методов работы с семьями.
ПАЦИФИЗМ И ИММОРТАЛИЗМ КАК УТОПИЧЕСКИЕ ФОРМЫ ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЯ ВОЙНЫ И СМЕРТИ
Authors: Малахаткин Евгений Олегович
Published: December 2024

В статье раскрывается утопический характер иммортализма и пацифизма в контексте антиномий смерти и войны, характерного для русской философии.
Целью статьи является необходимость показать, что война и смерть порождают наиболее распространенные формы преодоления — иммортализм и пацифизм, которые приводят к обратным результатам: «смерть человека» в трансгуманизме и ослабление боеспособности армии и безопасности государства в пацифизме.
Методологическую базу представляют позиции русских философов, которые иллюстрируют мысль о том, что не только смерть создает трагизм жизни, что жизнь трагична и до, и вне смерти, она трагична по существу. По мнению некоторых философов, пацифизм и имморализм беспомощны и способны нанести гораздо больше вреда, чем то, с чем они борются. Они не учитывают онтологические и этические основания жизни и смерти, что приводит к искажённому восприятию этих явлений.
Результатом исследования является критерий, который представляется важным при восприятии войны и смерти как трагических событий, поскольку позволяет увидеть саму войну как проявление изначального трагизма жизни. Это избавляет от пацифистской абсолютизации войны как зла и дает возможность проанализировать этот феномен в реальных истоках, сущности и нахождения действенных, а не утопических способов преодоления, также избавляет от иммортализма как утопии преодоления от смерти научно-техническим путем.
Перспективу исследования составляет углубленный анализ проблемного поля утопических форм преодоления войны и смерти. Пацифизм и иммортализм возникают как следствие неантагонистического восприятия смерти и войны, рассматриваемых в качестве предельных зол как в природной, так и в социальной сферах. Иммортализм, проявляющийся в форме сциентистской утопии, стремится к преодолению смерти, представляя собой материалистический и безнравственный путь к достижению физического бессмертия через биотехнологические достижения, как и пацифизм, который служит гуманистической утопией в борьбе с войной. Подобный подход к войне как к явлению с глубинными основаниями является характерным для русской философской традиции.
Anaerobic Soccer Training Model: Enhancing Soccer Players’ Performance through a Combination of Repeated Sprints and 4 vs 4 Games
Authors: Kusuma I Dewa Made Aryananda Wijaya , Kusnanik Nining Widyah , Pramono Bayu Agung , Pranoto Adi , Phanpheng Yanyong , Susanto Indra Himawan , Amustikarani Dewa Ayu Praba , Nirwansyah Waristra Tyo , Bharlaman Muhammad Bagus Firzam
Published: December 2024

Objectives. The Anaerobic Soccer Training (AnST) model was designed to increase variation in soccer training programs by implementing a game-based approach to matching characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the training model in improving soccer players’ anaerobic abilities.
Materials and methods. The research method used was the ADDIE model consisting of five integrated phases: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Eighty-two soccer players from the UNESA male student activity unit were involved in this study, with 20 samples taken using random sampling techniques. Sample characteristics included the following data: age 20.05 ± 0.69 years, height 165.85 ± 5.00 cm, weight 62.08 ± 6.82 kg, and BMI 22.54 ± 1.98. The intervention was carried out over a four-week period, with a frequency of three times a week. The Aiken’s V test was used to analyze the assessment data from three expert judgments, followed by percentage analysis for content validity. The normality test was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test, while the mean difference was analyzed using the paired sample t-test.
Results. The results showed that in variables for peak power (.001), mean power (.000), fatigue index (.013), Lactate Week (LW) 1-2 (.020) and LW1-3 (.038), notable differences with significance values ​​below 0.05 were observed. In contrast, LW1-4 (.631) did not demonstrate significant differences. Overall, the development of the AnST model successfully improved the anaerobic ability of players, as evidenced by an increase in peak power, mean power, and a decrease in the fatigue index.
Conclusions. These findings indicate that this training model is effective in enhancing the anaerobic performance in soccer players.
Jurisprudència ambiental a Catalunya (d’octubre de 2020 a octubre de 2021)
Authors: Carmona Garias Silvia
Published: December 2024

Jurisprudència ambiental a Catalunya (d’octubre de 2020 a octubre de 2021)
Derecho y políticas ambientales en la Región de Murcia (Segundo Semestre 2021)
Authors: Alvarez Carreño Santiago Manuel
Published: December 2024

Derecho y políticas ambientales en la Región de Murcia (Segundo Semestre 2021)
Derecho y políticas ambientales en Andalucía (Segundo Semestre 2021)
Authors: Mora Ruiz Manuela
Published: December 2024

Derecho y políticas ambientales en Andalucía (Segundo Semestre 2021)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en La Rioja (Segundo semestre 2021)
Authors: Arinas René Javier Santamaría
Published: December 2024

Jurisprudencia ambiental en La Rioja (Segundo semestre 2021)
Legislación básica de protección del medio ambiente (Segundo Semestre 2021)
Authors: Presicce Laura
Published: December 2024

Legislación básica de protección del medio ambiente (Segundo Semestre 2021)
La CoP26 de Glasgow sobre el cambio climático: ¿Truco o trato?
Authors: Fajardo del Castillo Teresa , Campins Eritja Mar
Published: December 2024

En qualitat d'observadores de la Universitat de Barcelona, hem assistit a la CoP26 de Glasgow i hem pogut veure les complexitats del que ha estat anomenat el multilateralisme inclusiu, o el que és el mateix, en un sentit ideal: un procés de negociació obert i transparent en què els Estats Part de la Convenció Marc sobre el Canvi Climàtic, el Protocol de Kyoto i l'Acord de París assolien un acord, amb la participació dels diferents representants de la societat civil internacional que defensarien un interès general però també els seus propis –els dels pobles indígenes, els de les ONGs empresarials i industrials, els de les organitzacions sindicals, els de les ONGs ecologistes. No obstant això, el fet que la Declaració final de la CoP26 es presenti com a Pacte de Glasgow no pot amagar el fet que el que s’ha assolit és un acord polític de mínims, conforme a les pautes marcades en la negociació pels principals països emissors de CO2, als que no s’ha exigit més, perquè també són potències emergents i perquè els països desenvolupats estan lluny de contribuir financerament per tal que els països en vies de desenvolupament aconsegueixin els objectius de mitigació i adaptació compromesos en les seves contribucions nacionals, malgrat que el cost de no contribuir segons el que s'ha promès pugui ser encara més gran.
LA NECESIDAD DE UNIFICAR Y REFORZAR LA PROTECCIÓN JURÍDICA DE LA AGROBIODIVERSIDAD EN EL ORDEN INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Martín López Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2024

Agrobiodiversity, understood as the diversity of cultivated plants, domestic animals and microorganisms associated with agricultural systems, has been relegated to second place on the international agenda. So far, no solid and inclusive legal framework for its protection has been established in international law. However, it is encouraging to note that positive changes are taking place in this regard. There is growing recognition of the need to protect and preserve agrobiodiversity because of its crucial value for food security, environmental sustainability and human well-being. Agrobiodiversity contained in crops and plant genetic resources is essential to address current and future challenges in agriculture, such as climate change, pests and diseases, and resource scarcity. This is why more research and contributions are needed to achieve its adequate and effective protection. This paper studies the different areas in which progress can be made in this direction.
EL MALTRATO ANIMAL COMO INSTRUMENTO VIOLENTO EN CONTEXTOS DE VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO Y DOMÉSTICA.
Authors: Fuentes Loureiro María Ángeles
Published: December 2024

L'última reforma del delicte de maltractament animal, operada per la LO 3/2023, inclou en l'art. 340 bis CP, apartat segon, una nova circumstància agreujant que castiga els supòsits en què el maltractament animal és utilitzat com a violència instrumental per a coaccionar, intimidar, assetjar o menyscabar psíquicament a la parella o exparella. En aquest article abordo l'estudi d'aquesta circumstància: el seu fonament i àmbit d'aplicació. Per a això, en primer lloc, sobre la base d'una revisió bibliogràfica i una anàlisi jurisprudencial, analitzo les diferents maneres en què el maltractament animal es presenta com a instrument en supòsits de violència entre parelles i violència domèstica. A continuació, analitzo la manera en què la jurisprudència ha tractat aquest fenomen delictiu en els últims anys i, després, l'àmbit d'aplicació de la nova circumstància agreujant. Sobre aquesta base, finalment, concloc que la configuració d'aquest agreujant respon només parcialment a les necessitats punitives del maltractament animal instrumentalitzat, perquè deixa fora del seu àmbit d'aplicació suposats de violència domèstica en els quals s'ha demostrat que el maltractament animal instrumental cobra especial rellevància.
Crónica jurisprudencial de Andalucía (Octubre de 2023)
Authors: Mellado Ruiz Lorenzo
Published: December 2024

Crónica jurisprudencial de Andalucía (Octubre de 2023)
La Derecho y políticas ambientales en Extremadura (Segundo semestre 2023)
Authors: Brufao Curiel Pedro
Published: December 2024

Derecho y políticas ambientales en Extremadura (Segundo semestre 2023)
La jurisprudencia ambiental de Canarias
Authors: Jaén Adolfo Domingo Jiménez
Published: December 2024

En esta crónica se incluye normativa relativa a la planificación del cambio climático, hidrológica y re los recursos naturales.
Jurisprudencia Ambiental del Tribunal Supremo (Primer semestre 2024)
Authors: Pallares Serrano Anna
Published: December 2024

Jurisprudencia Ambiental del Tribunal Supremo (Primer semestre 2024)
Mouse Perfusion Protocol v1
Authors: Robinson Heath
Published: December 2024

Protocol for perfusing mice with fixative, including description of creating all required solutions.
JAX-Sen:Nuclei prep from frozen kidney tissue for single-nuclei RNA-seq v1
Authors: L Daigle Sandra
Published: December 2024

We aim to study and characterize senescence in the C57BL/6J mouse kidney. This protocol describes the nuclei prep from frozen kidney tissue for single-nuclei RNA-seq.
Dynamics of the Holstein polaron under constant and combined action of constant and alternating electric fields
Authors: Korshunova A.N. , Lakhno V.D.
Published: December 2024

Numerical modeling of the nature of the motion and distribution of the Holstein polaron in a homogeneous polynucleotide chain in a constant electric field and under the simultaneous influence of constant and alternating electric fields was carried out. The conducted researches showed significant differences in the velocity and nature of the polaron movement in the chain when exposed only to a constant electric field and when exposed simultaneously to constant and alternating electric fields. Particularly large differences are observed in chains with parameters close to the parameters of DNA chains. Modeling the motion of a polaron under the simultaneous influence of constant and alternating electric fields showed that it is possible for a charge to move over very large distances. In this case, the nature of the polaron’s motion is very different from the nature of the polaron’s motion in a constant electric field. And even in the polyG/polyC DNA chain, the polaron moves along the chain over a sufficiently large distance. It is shown that for a certain set of parameters, the motion of a polaron in a chain under the simultaneous influence of constant and alternating electric fields can look like a motion with an average constant velocity.