bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal trajectories of brain development from infancy to school age and their relationship to literacy development
Authors: Turesky Ted K. , Escalante Elizabeth , Loh Megan , Gaab Nadine
Published: July 2024

Reading is one of the most complex skills that we utilize daily, and it involves the early development and interaction of various lower-level subskills, including phonological processing and oral language. These subskills recruit brain structures, which begin to develop long before the skill manifests and exhibit rapid development during infancy. However, how longitudinal trajectories of early brain development in these structures support long-term acquisition of literacy subskills and subsequent reading is unclear. Children underwent structural and diffusion MRI scanning at multiple timepoints between infancy and second grade and were tested for literacy subskills in preschool and decoding and word reading in early elementary school. We developed and implemented a reproducible pipeline to generate longitudinal trajectories of early brain development to examine associations between these trajectories and literacy (sub)skills. Furthermore, we examined whether familial risk of reading difficulty and children’s home literacy environments, two common literacy-related covariates, influenced those trajectories. Results showed that individual differences in curve features (e.g., intercepts and slopes) for longitudinal trajectories of volumetric, surface-based, and white matter organization measures were linked directly to phonological processing and indirectly to first-grade decoding and word reading skills via phonological processing. Altogether, these findings suggest that the brain bases of phonological processing, previously identified as the strongest behavioral predictor of reading and decoding skills, may already begin to develop by birth but undergo further refinement between infancy and preschool. The present study underscores the importance of considering academic skill acquisition from the very beginning of life.

Significance Statement

Reading is crucial for academic, vocational, and health outcomes, but acquiring proficient reading skills is a protracted developmental process involving lower-level subskills and brain structures that undergo rapid development starting in infancy. We examined how longitudinal trajectories of early brain development support long-term acquisition of reading using a reproducible pipeline we developed specifically for infant-to-school-age longitudinal MRI data. Findings suggest that the brain bases of reading-related skills begin to develop by birth but continue building between infancy and preschool. This study emphasizes the importance of considering academic skill acquisition as a dynamic process preceding the emergence of the skill, and it offers a roadmap for future studies to examine relationships between early brain development and academic skill acquisition.
Human Accelerated Regions regulate gene networks implicated in apical-to-basal neural progenitor fate transitions
Authors: Noble Mark Alan , Ji Yu , Yim Kristina M. , Yang Je Won , Morales Matheo , Abu-Shamma Reem , Pal Atreyo , Poulsen Ryan , Baumgartner Marybeth , Noonan James P.
Published: July 2024

The evolution of the human cerebral cortex involved modifications in the composition and proliferative potential of the neural stem cell (NSC) niche during brain development. Human Accelerated Regions (HARs) exhibit a significant excess of human-specific sequence changes and have been implicated in human brain evolution. Multiple studies support that HARs include neurodevelopmental enhancers with novel activities in humans, but their biological functions in NSCs have not been empirically assessed at scale. Here we conducted a direct-capture Perturb-seq screen repressing 180 neurodevelopmentally active HARs in human iPSC-derived NSCs with single-cell transcriptional readout. After profiling >188,000 NSCs, we identified a set of HAR perturbations with convergent transcriptional effects on gene networks involved in NSC apicobasal polarity, a cellular process whose precise regulation is critical to the developmental emergence of basal radial glia (bRG), a progenitor population that is expanded in humans. Across multiple HAR perturbations, we found convergent dysregulation of specific apicobasal polarity and adherens junction regulators, includingPARD3, ABI2, SETD2, andPCM1. We found that the repression of one candidate from the screen, HAR181, as well as its target geneCADM1, disrupted apical PARD3 localization and NSC rosette formation. Our findings reveal interconnected roles for HARs in NSC biology and cortical development and link specific HARs to processes implicated in human cortical expansion.
Optimized topological quantum compilation of three-qubit controlled gates in the Fibonacci anyon model: A controlled-injection approach
Authors: Tounsi Abdellah , Belaloui Nacer Eddine , Louamri Mohamed Messaoud , Benslama Achour , Rouabah Mohamed Taha
Published: July 2024

A method, termed controlled injection, is proposed for compiling three-qubit controlled gates within the non-Abelian Fibonacci anyon model. Building on single-qubit compilation techniques with three Fibonacci anyons, the approach showcases enhanced accuracy and reduced braid length compared to the conventional decomposition method for the controlled three-qubit gates. This method necessitates only four two-qubit gates for decomposition, a notable reduction from the conventional five. In conjunction, the study introduces a class of controlled three-qubit gates and conducts a numerical simulation of the topological iToffoli gate to validate the approach. In addition, we propose an optimization method for single-qubit gate approximation using algebraic relations and numerical methods, including distributed computing.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Phonon softening and atomic modulations in
EuAl4
Authors: Korshunov A. N. , Sukhanov A. S. , Gebel S. , Pavlovskii M. S. , Andriushin N. D. , Gao Y. , Moya J. M. , Morosan E. , Rahn M. C.
Published: July 2024

EuAl4 is a rare-earth intermetallic in which competing itinerant and/or indirect exchange mechanisms give rise to a complex magnetic phase diagram, including a centrosymmetric skyrmion lattice. These phenomena arise not in the tetragonal parent structure but in the presence of a charge-density wave (CDW), which lowers the crystal symmetry and renormalizes the electronic structure. Microscopic knowledge of the corresponding atomic modulations and their driving mechanism is a prerequisite for a deeper understanding of the resulting equilibrium of electronic correlations and how it might be manipulated. Here, we use synchrotron single-crystal x-ray diffraction, inelastic x-ray scattering, and lattice-dynamics calculations to clarify the origin of the CDW in EuAl4. We observe a broad softening of a transverse acoustic phonon mode that sets in well above room temperature and, at TCDW=142 K, freezes out in an atomic displacement mode described by the superspace group Immm(00γ)s00. In the context of previous work, our observation is a clear confirmation that the CDW in EuAl4 is driven by electron-phonon coupling. This result is relevant for a wider family of BaAl4 and ThCr2Si2-type rare-earth intermetallics known to combine CDW instabilities and complex magnetism.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Crystallographic phase identifier of a convolutional self-attention neural network (CPICANN) on powder diffraction patterns
Authors: Zhang Shouyang , Cao Bin , Su Tianhao , Wu Yue , Feng Zhenjie , Xiong Jie , Zhang Tong-Yi
Published: July 2024

Spectroscopic data, particularly diffraction data, are essential for materials characterization due to their comprehensive crystallographic information. The current crystallographic phase identification, however, is very time consuming. To address this challenge, we have developed a real-time crystallographic phase identifier based on a convolutional self-attention neural network (CPICANN). Trained on 692 190 simulated powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns from 23 073 distinct inorganic crystallographic information files, CPICANN demonstrates superior phase-identification power. Single-phase identification on simulated XRD patterns yields 98.5 and 87.5% accuracies with and without elemental information, respectively, outperforming JADE software (68.2 and 38.7%, respectively). Bi-phase identification on simulated XRD patterns achieves 84.2 and 51.5% accuracies, respectively. In experimental settings, CPICANN achieves an 80% identification accuracy, surpassing JADE software (61%). Integration of CPICANN into XRD refinement software will significantly advance the cutting-edge technology in XRD materials characterization.
Synthesis, structural studies and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-[(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl]pyridin-1-ium hexakis(nitrato-κ2
O,O′)thorate(IV)
Authors: Rangarajan Shalini , Sheokand Sonu , Blair Victoria L. , Deacon Glen B. , Balakrishna Maravanji S.
Published: July 2024

Reaction of thorium(IV) nitrate with 2-[(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl]pyridine (L) yielded (LH)2[Th(NO3)6] or (C14H13N4)2[Th(NO3)6] (1), instead of the expected mixed-ligand complex [Th(NO3)4
L
2], which was detected in the mass spectrum of 1. In the structure, the [Th(NO3)6]2− anions display an icosahedral coordination geometry and are connected by LH+ cations through C—H...O hydrogen bonds. The LH+ cations interact via N—H...N hydrogen bonds. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most important interactions are O...H/H...O hydrogen-bonding interactions, which represent a 55.2% contribution.
Barriers and facilitators to social participation in people with mental health and substance use disorders: a formative qualitative study
Authors: Aasen Jan , Nilsson Fredrik , Sørensen Torgeir , Lien Lars , Leonhardt Marja
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore how people with concurrent mental health and substance use disorders and lived experience of deep social marginalization perceived barriers and facilitators to mainstream social participation. The purpose of this study is to identify meaningful and relevant learning content for a virtual reality-based intervention to promote social participation in this group.

Design/methodology/approach

This formative qualitative study was conducted in Norway during Autumn 2022. Nine in-depth individual interviews with adults recovering from dual diagnosis were conducted, audiotaped, transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis in a collaborative analysis process.

Findings

Results indicated that social alienation, poor social skills, stigma, low self-esteem and social anxiety were key barriers to social participation in this group. This study suggests a need to learn appropriate social behaviour in mainstream society, in addition to better employability skills, civic literacy and health literacy to improve utilization of social opportunities.

Practical implications

This study implies that virtual reality-based interventions for promoting social participation in people with dual diagnosis should primarily focus on learning and practising appropriate social behaviour in shared public spaces before practising advanced social skills such as employability skills in simulated work environments. Learning and practising social skills appears decisive for using more complex social opportunities, such as in education, health, social services and work.

Originality/value

This research provides suggestions for the content of a novel virtual reality-based intervention to promote social participation among people in recovery from dual diagnosis.
Firm-level climate change risk and adoption of ESG practices: a machine learning prediction
Authors: Khan Mushtaq Hussain , Zein Alabdeen Zaid , Anupam Angesh
Published: July 2024

Purpose

By combining the notion of prospect theory with advanced machine learning algorithms, this study aims to predict whether financial institutions (FIs) adopt a reactive stance when they perceive climate change as a risk, consequently leading to the adoption of environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices to avoid this risk. Prospect theory assumes that decision-makers react quickly when decisions are framed as a risk or threat rather than as an opportunity.

Design/methodology/approach

We used a sample of 168 FIs across 27 countries and seven regions over the period 2003–2020. To conduct our empirical investigation, we compared the prediction accuracy of various machine learning algorithms.

Findings

Our findings suggest that out of 12 machine learning algorithms, AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting and XGBoost have the most precision in predicting whether FIs react to climate change risk in adopting ESG practices. This study also tested the overall climate change risk and risks associated with physical, opportunity and regulatory shocks of climate change. We observed that risks associated with physical and regulatory shocks significantly impact the adoption of ESG practices, supporting prospect theory predictions.

Practical implications

The insights of this study provide important implications for policymakers. Specifically, policymakers must take into account the risk posed by climate change in the corporate decision-making process, as it directly influences a firm’s adoption of corporate actions (ESG practices).

Originality/value

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the firm-level climate change risk and adoption of ESG practices from a prospect theory perspective using novel machine learning algorithms.
Cloud database supported virtual herbarium application
Authors: Akın Alper Tunga , Ünver Saliha , Alkiş Kamber Can
Published: July 2024

Purpose

It requires a significant amount of time, money and effort to visit institutions containing different collections in different parts of the world, for many reasons such as transportation, visa and research permit. This study aims to develop a virtual herbarium with both mobile and browser support, which will enable access to the panoramic view of the herbarium and the visual and botanical characteristics of the herb samples in the herbarium.

Design/methodology/approach

Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Forestry (KATO) Herbarium, established in 1973 and registered in the International Herbarium Index, was chosen as the study area. The virtual herbarium (VR) KATO application was carried out in three stages: production of panorama images of the herbarium, creation-connection of the database and programming of the application. Within the scope of the study, a database containing the botanical features and herb sample images in the herbarium was also created using the MongoDB Atlas connection, and a dynamically-updatable herb library was presented to the online visitors. For a test development, 20 of 23,240 of the herb species were included in the database and will be extended to include all species. A user experience survey has also been conducted to analyze accessibility and usability of the VR herbarium.

Findings

According to the user experience survey, participants from various professions such as students, teachers, academics and forest engineers mostly found the application easily accessible, simple, understandable and efficient. As a future plan, the application will be improved based on user feedback. This study is a pioneer with the concept of virtual reality and a distinctive example of mixed reality technologies’ usage in the forestry discipline. Besides that, the study is a unique example for different fields related to forestry, which contains different libraries such as flora, fauna, endemic species and national parks, and for other sectors.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the digital access capabilities in academic libraries or physical stores.
Did the increase in birth grants result in higher births? Evidence from the Czech demographic and population policy change
Authors: Dvouletý Ondřej
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This research contributes to a better understanding of the effects of public demographic and population policy. The study investigates whether a considerable increase in birth grants in 2006 in the Czech Republic resulted in a higher number of births.

Design/methodology/approach

To quantify the effects, we work with the administrative, statistical daily data (1993–2016) on the number of births and use time series analysis tools. In particular, we estimate a time series regression model via the ordinary least squares (OLS) technique with robust standard errors, testing placebo effects and the differences between the trend-forecasted values in the absence of the grant change.

Findings

Our results, spread over several time windows covering up to a ten-year period after the intervention, show that the intervention significantly and positively affected the number of births in the post-intervention periods. The evidence obtained from the econometric analysis of the time series clearly shows that after the demographic and population policy change, there was an average increase of 17–19 births daily when the data was analysed up to 2016. Therefore, the conclusion is that the policy intervention led to expected and desired policy outcomes.

Originality/value

The study provides the stakeholders and policymakers with an experience of the public policy aiming to support fertility, which has reached its expectations.
Challenges in adopting and using online recruitment tools from employers’ perspective
Authors: Zahedi Nejad Zahra , Sabokro Mehdi , Oikarinen Eeva-Liisa
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to contribute to the existing literature by providing a unique exploration of the challenges in the adoption and usage of corporate websites, job aggregators, digital job boards, professional social media and artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled tools for recruitment.

Design/methodology/approach

In this exploratory study, interviews were conducted with 15 experts in digital companies with AI, recruitment or human eesources expertise.

Findings

The findings suggest three major themes, including technological, human–technology interaction and peripheral challenges. Moreover, seven sub-themes of challenges emerged from this study, namely, inefficient facilities and resources, inefficient data accumulation, resistance to change, distrust in technology, restricting regulations, toxic work culture and economic and social obstacles. Finally, this study proposes important implications and practical solutions to help professionals, companies and employers overcome challenges associated with adopting and using online recruitment tools.

Originality/value

Electronic human resource management has not studied the challenges associated with online recruitment tools in the context of Iranian digital organizations. This paper provides a unique exploration of the challenges in the adoption of AI in recruitment.
How green cultural festivals can increase environmental performance in Islamic University?: human resource perspective
Authors: Masyhuri Masyhuri , Siswanto Siswanto , Kurniawati Desi Tri
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to examine the role of green human resource management on environmental performance at Islamic universities, with the mediating effect of green cultural festivals and the moderating role of individual green values.

Design/methodology/approach

The research employed random sampling techniques by selecting a sample of 192 students from various Islamic universities in Indonesia. The participants were selected through an online survey. In addition, data analysis was done using the structural equation modelling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS) technique with the SmartPLS 3.0.

Findings

Implementing green human resource management has become a crucial factor in enhancing the environmental performance of Islamic universities. Moreover, green cultural festivals function as an intermediary variable. At the same time, individual green values exhibit a moderating variable that can enhance the influence between green human resource management and environmental performance.

Practical implications

Implementing an effective green human resource management strategy enhances environmental performance. Green human resource management has assisted universities in creating a generation of graduates with a solid commitment to ecological sustainability and raised awareness of the significance of conserving the environment. As a result, this commitment equips students to become agents of change in society upon graduation. Furthermore, campuses need to integrate environmental curriculum components into all study programs, as students need to understand the significant impact of environmental stewardship from both Islamic and scientific perspectives.

Originality/value

This research provides a novel perspective on how Islamic universities are exceptionally well-equipped to create environmental awareness and values that students can practically apply post-graduation using green cultural festivals, which are regularly held. This study is the first to introduce the concept of green cultural festivals in universities utilising the basis of combining green culture with cultural festivals with the theoretical background of resource-based theory.
Ethical identity, social image and sustainable fashion: still an impossible deal? A sociopsychological framework of ethical consumers’ attitude-behavior gaps
Authors: Zollo Lamberto
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to propose a multilevel framework of fashion consumer ethics that unpacks how ethical consumers publicly express their identity through sustainable fashion (SF). The author explores SF’s cognitive, relational and contextual dynamics, highlighting how attitude–behavior (A-B) gaps might impede consumers’ ethical identity and social image alignment.

Design/methodology/approach

The framework theoretically reconstructs fashion consumer ethics by integrating social intuitionism, social representation theory and the public sphere. This theorizing process sheds light on fragmented attempts found in previous research to understand how ethical consumers express their self-identity and socially represent their image through SF, avoiding A-B gaps.

Findings

The theoretical propositions suggest how ethical consumers’ self-concept is expressed at the cognitive level, leading to ethical commitment toward self-associated fashion brands; social image is manifested at the relational level, giving rise to consumers’ ethical engagement in SF; and ethical consumers’ self-verify their identity-image alignment in the public sphere, thus addressing A-B issues.

Originality/value

The sociopsychological approach suggests a novel understanding of ethical consumers’ individual and social representation through SF consumption. The framework interprets SF as an “aesthetic of existence,” co-constructed collectively and symbolically expressed publicly. As a result, the proposed model combines different theories to introduce new causal mechanisms and constructs of ethical consumers’ cognition, sociological relations and public spheres.
Safeguarding, uncertainty and new possibilities: an appreciative inquiry into personal adviser’s relational practice with care leavers
Authors: Turner Jhonathan , Lewis Joan
Published: July 2024

Purpose

An appreciative inquiry process was collaboratively undertaken with an inner city local authority and personal advisors where systemic social work practice was embedded. The purpose of this study is to explore how systemic social work principles could be integrated into the support of young adults leaving the care system, especially when safeguarding concerns exist.

Design/methodology/approach

Three fortnightly, reflecting team-style, appreciative inquiry workshops explored the integration into practice of systemic concepts under the themes of safeguarding, uncertainty and new possibilities.

Findings

Within the contexts of the organisation, other agencies and the relationship, six paired themes emerged: learning and navigating; positioning and risk-taking; and feeling and engaging. Core systemic concepts, such as self-reflexivity and mutual influence, can enable personal advisers to use themselves and their relationship with care leavers as a context for change. Considering responses to risk from different family member positions may support holding greater levels of uncertainty. Seeing resilience as a process rather than a personal attribute enabled personal advisors to think about how they connected with care leavers through shared life experiences, fostering narratives of hopes and dreams where new possibilities abound.

Research limitations/implications

Appreciative inquiry is generally seen as a defined model for implementing large organisational changes; this study comprised a small sample group, and the model’s application was less defined.

Originality/value

A gap exists in the extensive care leaver research, addressing safeguarding and working systemically. A conceptual model for practice is offered, with potential utility in developing further systemically informed training and supervision for practitioners. A less structured and more relationally engaged model for appreciative inquiry is presented.
Adaptation of marketing mix strategies in Mexican cultural institutions: an insight into prehispanic and novohispanic codices
Authors: Flores-Gómez Pedro Arturo , Pérez-Villarreal Héctor Hugo
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to focus on the evolution of nonprofit cultural institutions in Mexico and their relationship with Spain, regarding the four traditional elements of a marketing mix. Specifically, this paper examines marketing advancements in the digital environment, placing emphasis on the virtual exhibition Códices de México: Memorias y Saberes, as well as the marketing activities related to prehispanic and novohispanic codices between 2010 and 2022.

Design/methodology/approach

The first part of the present study provides a chronological framework based on the four components of a marketing mix, illustrating the transition of Mexican and Spanish public cultural institutions from their foundations to current times. It particularly provides insight into their recent accomplishments in the digital environment, underscoring potential networking areas. The second part offers an in-depth examination of the exhibition Códices de México: Memorias y Saberes (INAH 2015) and a review of digital sources from Mexican government entities to investigate marketing activities related to prehispanic and novohispanic codices.

Findings

Due to the historical approach used to document the transition of nonprofit cultural institutions in Mexico and Spain to the digital era, this article sheds lights on co-joint efforts in the digital marketing domain around prehispanic and novohispanic codices. Additionally, it illustrates the activities used by Mexican cultural institutions during the past two decades to disseminate knowledge on codices.

Research limitations/implications

Regarding the methodological aspects of using historical resources through digital archives, this study solely comprised marketing activities reported in the records available on the official portal of cultural institutions.

Originality/value

This study argues for the utility of the four components rooted in a traditional marketing mix as a tool to illustrate the evolution of marketing practices within the cultural heritage domain. It also highlights the role played by cultural institutions in Mexico and Spain in the digital environment to strategically network around cultural heritage. Additionally, it sheds light on the implementation of methods for presenting Mexican codices grounded in virtual terrain.
Action learning in public administration education: learning (evidence) from an action research case study
Authors: Venturini Karen , Capaldo Guido , Palazzi Federica , Amatori Chiara , Capicchioni Amos
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore the effectiveness of action learning (AL) in PA education through the action research (AR). Public administration (PA) requires training paths for its officials aimed at developing managerial skills. Training designers must construct pathways that identify goals and results to be obtained. Most importantly, they should adopt techniques that engage all stakeholders and measure training performance. This study uses the action research (AR) method to explore the effectiveness of action learning (AL) in PA education. It shows how a training project for officials of the PA can be designed and managed in a participatory and engaging manner.

Design/methodology/approach

The AR approach is particularly suited to long-term training interventions in PA because it offers a means of taking shared responsibility. AR aids in building a bridge between academia and practice and solving real problems with stakeholders, students and end-clients through cyclical interactions of construction, intervention and evaluation. It focuses on AL as an innovative educational tool that links knowledge and action and theory and practice.

Findings

The involvement of different stakeholders, such as teachers, students, administrators and politicians, in the design, management and evaluation process facilitates the identification of educational objectives and monitoring of outcomes in a changing public organizational context. AL is effective because it involves students as individuals and as a team, often as an organization, while trying to solve real problems.

Originality/value

AL through the AR approach has not been widely used in education, especially in PA, where teaching legal and administrative content combines traditional teaching methods. The case study shows the innovative potential of AL in a traditional context such as the PA.
APIs and SIPs for library and information services
Authors: Mandal Partha Sarathi , Mandal Sukumar
Published: July 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate a practical strategy for integrating application programming interfaces (APIs) and standard interchange protocols (SIPs) within library and information services. This study will seek to determine how such an integration strategy can improve access to resources, enhance the user experience, optimize library operations and improve the overall efficiency of library services.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative approach to research will be used in this study. This study will be based on the review of relevant literature sources, case studies and real examples. The data analyzes to determine the practical application of SIP and API integration and identify the major methods, approaches and processes used by libraries to successfully implement integration projects.

Findings

This study explores that library and information services may achieve numerous benefits from API and SIP integration. The cases describe how libraries have managed to improve access, user experience, operational efficiency and general performance. Libraries have integrated APIs and SIP to create seamless search experiences, establish communication networks in real-time, and develop automated workflows and customer services. API and SIP integration will transform libraries in future.

Originality/value

The originality of this study is the focus of the API and SIP integration. While other authors have discussed the concept of integration from a theoretical standpoint, this study presents practical recommendations and implementation advice for librarians and researchers. This study uses real cases and examples to illustrate how libraries today have managed to improve their operations with the help of APIs and SIP integration.
How sense of power influence exploitative leadership? A moderated mediation framework
Authors: Wang Zhining , Chen Fengya , Cai Shaohan , Chen Yuhang
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Based on the approach/inhibition theory of power, this study explores the relationship between sense of power and exploitative leadership. We particularly examine the role of self-interest as a mediator and the role of ambition at work as a moderator.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected from 189 supervisors and 702 employees. We analyzed the data using path analysis to test the research model.

Findings

The results show the following: (1) sense of power positively affects exploitative leadership; (2) the effects of sense of power on exploitative leadership are mediated by self-interest; (3) the effects of self-interest on exploitative leadership are moderated by ambition at work.

Originality/value

The current study identifies self-interest as a key mediator that links sense of power to exploitative leadership and demonstrates that ambition at work moderates the process of self-interest to exploitative leadership.
Passive House-based energy efficiency design criteria: a case study of a residential building in Cairo
Authors: Abdulfattah Hebatallah Abdulhalim Mahmoud , Fikry Ahmed Ahmed , Hamed Reham Eldessuky
Published: July 2024

Purpose

The study aims to tackle Egypt's rising electricity consumption due to climate change and population growth, focusing on the building sector, which accounts for up to 60% of the issue, by developing new energy-efficient design guidelines for Egyptian buildings.

Design/methodology/approach

This study comprises six key steps. A literature review focuses on energy consumption and efficiency in buildings, monitoring a single-family building in Cairo, using Energy Plus for simulation and verification, performing multi-objective optimization, comparing energy performance between base and controlled cases, and developing a localized version of the Passive House (PH) called Energy Efficiency Design Criteria (EEDC).

Findings

The research shows that applying the (EEDC) suggested by this study can decrease energy consumption by up to 58% and decrease cooling consumption by up to 63% in residential buildings in Egypt while providing thermal comfort and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This can benefit users, alleviate local power grid strain, contribute to Egypt's economy, and serve as a model for other countries with similar climates.

Originality/value

To date, no studies have focused on developing energy-efficient design standards tailored to the Egyptian climate and context using the Passive House Criteria concept. This study contributes to the field by identifying key principles, design details, and goal requirements needed to promote energy-efficient design standards for residential buildings in Egypt.
A literature review on CEE firms’ outward internationalization failures: definitions, processes, causes and consequences
Authors: Vissak Tiia
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to summarize the literature (journal articles and book chapters) on Central and Eastern European (CEE) firms’ outward internationalization failures: definitions and understandings of “failure”, “failed” firms’ internationalization processes, causes of “failed” initial and subsequent foreign activities and consequences of “failed” internationalization.

Design/methodology/approach

This systematic-narrative hybrid literature review article focuses on CEE firms’ outward internationalization failures.

Findings

The paper demonstrates that different objective and subjective measures were used for defining and measuring “failure”. Consensus regarding which firms (from slow internationalizers to born globals) can be considered “failed” is lacking. In different studies, internal and external causes of CEE firms’ outward internationalization “failure” and internationalization-related and other consequences of “failed” internationalization also vary considerably. Due to the complexity of the “failure” phenomenon, it is impossible to identify the most characteristic type of “failed” internationalization or offer “optimal” advice for avoiding failures.

Originality/value

The author is not aware of any other literature review articles focused on CEE firms’ outward internationalization failures. This article contributes to the (international) business and (international) entrepreneurship literature focused on failures, exits and institutional and other factors affecting them.
Construction projects: interactions of the causes of delays
Authors: Purushothaman Mahesh Babu , San Pedro Leo Neil Resurreccion , GhaffarianHoseini Ali
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This review paper aims to highlight the causes of delays (COD) and their interactions in construction projects, potentially aiding in timely completion and waste reduction through early anticipation.

Design/methodology/approach

Forty-seven global literature were examined in detail to identify CODS and its interactions using the systematic literature review (SLR) method that utilised the PRISMA guidelines to ensure the studies reviewed were adequate to safeguard the robustness and comprehensiveness. Three-way analysis, such as Pareto, degree of centrality and loops, was undertaken to identify the critical Level 1,2 and 3 CODS that affect the Construction projects.

Findings

The research findings demonstrate that 65 CODs in eight categories affect construction projects. The CODs act in coherence rather than silos; the CLD displays complex interconnections of 44 factors obtained through the pairwise comparison of the 47 identified literature of the SLR. Through its systematic analysis of interaction loops, this research identified Ten level 1 critical CODs, two second-level critical CODs and 4 Third-level critical CODs. “Contractors' excessive workload/beyond potential/inadequate experience” emerged as the top COD that affects scheduling and project delay.

Research limitations/implications

The study limitations include using only English articles and a restricted number of databases. However, the chosen databases were reputable and underwent thorough peer review processes. This study may have limitations due to the SLR, which means that factors affecting COD and interactions may vary by country, and future research is suggested for validation.

Practical implications

This study identified interactions of construction delays that potentially support scheduling risk management during the early stage of the project and reduce waste to improve sustainability. The theoretical implications of SLR-based research include helping develop a framework that would potentially have all COD in the current scenario and aid future academic and industrial research factor-wise and country-wise in aiding sustainability. This will support and provide construction professionals and academia with knowledge of the COD related to factors and their interactions to be considered in the early assessment and management of future projects and improve sustainability.

Originality/value

Most literature studies the factors or causes of construction delays that affect construction projects. The CODs primarily do not operate in silos but combine with other causes to enhance their influence on delays. Hence, it is of utmost importance to study the interactions of COD to enhance the knowledge in the construction field that would aid in schedule repair and, in turn, on-time project delivery. The study is the first related to COD and their interactions in construction projects in the digital era.
Microstructure and properties of in situ TiC-reinforced Ti750 composite prepared by SPS
Authors: Tabie Vitus Mwinteribo , Kukurah Jamal-Deen , Li Jianwei , Akayeti Anthony , Quaisie James Kwasi , Xu Xiaojing
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Titanium alloys and composites have proven to contain desirable properties for use at elevated temperatures. One such material is the Ti750 composite, which can be used at temperatures up to 750°C for a brief period. This paper aims the microstructure, phase compositions, apparent porosity and hardness of both sintered and heat-treated TiC reinforced Ti750 composites for consideration in aircraft engine design.

Design/methodology/approach

The fabrication of TiC-reinforced Ti750 composites was achieved through spark plasma sintering (SPS). To analyze the microstructure and X-ray diffraction, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with model number S-3400N and a D8 advance model machine were used, respectively. The microhardness of the samples was measured using a Vickers hardness tester with model HV-1000. The research incorporated three solid solution treatments: 975°C/3 h/AC, 1,010°C/3 h/AC and 1,025°C/3 h/AC, along with a solid-solution aging treatment at 1,010°C/3 h/AC + 750°C/8 h/AC. Additionally, oxidation analysis was conducted on the samples.

Findings

The microstructures contained enhanced TiC and Ti5Si3 phases in the near a-Ti matrix. The microhardness of the sintered composite was over twice that of the matrix alloy, and its porosity was reduced by about 0.35%. The sample treated at 1,010°C/3 h/AC had the highest enhanced peaks and microhardness of 1,277.1 HV. After oxidation at 800°C for 100 h, the accumulated weight of the solid solution composite at 1,010 °C/3 h/AC was the lowest (3.0 mg.cm-2). The surface microstructure contained oxides of TiO2 and a spalling white area containing a small amount of Al2O3 and SiO2.

Originality/value

There is limited research on Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si-based TMCs using a combination of the SPS method. This study used SiCp as a reinforcement for the Ti750 matrix alloy. The consolidation of SiCp and Ti750 powders using the SPS method, heat treatment of the resulting TiC reinforced Ti750 composites and study of the microstructure and properties of the composites are not found in literature or under consideration for publication in any media.
Movement of juvenile migratory birds from settlement to adulthood across the non‐breeding range
Authors: Gunnarsson Tómas Grétar , Alves José A. , Gilroy James J. , Þórisson Böðvar , Sutherland William J. , Potts Peter M. , Gill Jennifer A.
Published: July 2024

Among migratory vertebrates, high levels of fidelity to non‐breeding sites during adulthood are common. If occupied sites vary in quality, strong site fidelity can have profound consequences for individual fitness and population demography. Given the prevalence of adult site fidelity, the regions of the non‐breeding range to which juveniles first migrate, and the scale of any subsequent movements, are likely to be pivotal in shaping distributions and demographic processes across population ranges.

However, inherent difficulties in tracking migratory individuals through early life mean that opportunities to quantify juvenile settlement and movements across non‐breeding ranges, and the mechanisms involved, are extremely rare.

Through long‐term, range‐wide resightings of hundreds of colour‐marked individuals from their first migration to adulthood and the application of state‐space models, we quantify levels of juvenile and adult regional‐scale movements and distances at different life stages across the whole non‐breeding distribution range in a migratory shorebird, the Black‐tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa islandica).

We show that the probability of individuals changing non‐breeding regions (seven historical wintering regions spanning the Western Europe range) at all ages is very low (mean movement probability = 10.9% from first to subsequent winter, and 8.3% from first adult winter to later winters). Movement between regions was also low between autumn and winter of the same year for both juveniles (mean movement probability = 17.0%) and adults (10.4%). The great majority of non‐breeding movements from the first autumn to adulthood were within regions and less than 100 km.

The scarcity of regional‐scale non‐breeding movements from the first autumn to adulthood means that the factors influencing where juveniles settle will be key determinants of non‐breeding distributions and of the rate and direction of changes in distributions.
Genome sequencing of Coryphaenoides yaquinae reveals convergent and lineage‐specific molecular evolution in deep‐sea adaptation
Authors: Li Wenhao , Song Jie , Tu Huaming , Jiang Shouwen , Pan Binbin , Li Jiazhen , Zhao Yongpeng , Chen Liangbiao , Xu Qianghua
Published: July 2024

Abyssal (3501–6500 m) and hadal (>6500 m) fauna evolve under harsh abiotic stresses, characterized by high hydrostatic pressure, darkness and food shortage, providing unique opportunities to investigate mechanisms underlying environmental adaptation. Genomes of several hadal species have recently been reported. However, the genetic adaptation of deep sea species across a broad spectrum of ocean depths has yet to be thoroughly investigated, due to the challenges imposed by collecting the deep sea species. To elucidate the correlation between genetic innovation and vertical distribution, we generated a chromosome‐level genome assembly of the macrourids Coryphaenoides yaquinae, which is widely distributed in the abyssal/hadal zone ranging from 3655 to 7259 m in depth. Genomic comparisons among shallow, abyssal and hadal‐living species identified idiosyncratic and convergent genetic alterations underlying the extraordinary adaptations of deep‐sea species including light perception, circadian regulation, hydrostatic pressure and hunger tolerance. The deep‐sea fishes (Coryphaenoides Sp. and Pseudoliparis swirei) venturing into various ocean depths independently have undergone convergent amino acid substitutions in multiple proteins such as rhodopsin 1, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 and melanocortin 4 receptor which are known or verified in zebrafish to be related with vision adaptation and energy expenditure. Convergent evolution events were also identified in heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1 and valosin‐containing protein genes known to be related to hydrostatic pressure adaptation specifically in fishes found around the hadal range. The uncovering of the molecular convergence among the deep‐sea species shed new light on the common genetic innovations required for deep‐sea adaptation by the fishes.
Long‐term outcomes in advanced anterior skull base malignancy: a single quaternary institution experience
Authors: Barnett Catherine , Bowman James , Ladwa Rahul , McGrath Margaret , Liu Howard , Gandhi Mitesh , Zahir Syeda Farah , Porceddu Sandro , Panizza Benedict
Published: July 2024

Background

Advanced skull base malignancies are a heterogenous subset of head and neck cancers, and management is often complex. In recent times, there has been a paradigm shift in surgical technique and the advent of novel systemic options. Our goal was to analyse the long‐term outcomes of a single quaternary head and neck and skull base service.

Methods

A retrospective review of 127 patients with advanced anterior skull base malignancies that were treated at our institution between 1999 and 2015 was performed. Multiple variables were investigated to assess their significance on 5 and 10‐year outcomes.

Results

The mean age was 60.9 (± 12.6 SD). Sixty‐four percent were males and 36% were females. Ninety percent of patients had T4 disease. Median survival time was 133 months. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) was 66.2%, disease‐specific survival (DSS) was 74.7%, and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was 65.0%. The 10‐year OS was 55.1%, DSS was 72.1%, and RFS was 53.4%. Histological type and margin status significantly affected OS & DSS.

Conclusion

Surgical management of advanced skull base tumours has evolved over the last few decades at our institution with acceptable survival outcomes and complication rates. Histological diagnosis and margin status are the main predictors of survival. The addition of neoadjuvant systemic agents in current trials may improve outcomes.