bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunologically active ferumoxytol-poly(I : C) nanomaterials inhibit metastatic melanoma by regulating myeloid-derived suppressor cell differentiation
Authors: Fang Gaochuan , Zhang Zhonghai , Jiang Bo , Zheng Yunuo , Xiao Xufeng , Wang Tianlong , Zhang Zhengkui , Zhao Jiaojiao
Published: June 2023

FP-NPs inhibit metastatic melanoma by promoting MDSC differentiation to M1 macrophages.
Distinct chemical factors in hydrolytic reactions catalyzed by metalloenzymes and metal complexes
Authors: Serafim Leonardo F. , Jayasinghe-Arachchige Vindi M. , Wang Lukun , Rathee Parth , Yang Jiawen , Moorkkannur N. Sreerag , Prabhakar Rajeev
Published: June 2023

The selective hydrolysis of the extremely stable phosphoester, peptide and ester bonds of molecules by bio-inspired metal-based catalysts (metallohydrolases) is required in a wide range of biological, biotechnological and industrial applications.
The bacterial cytochrome P450 (CYP) CYP125 enzymes can competitively oxidise sitosterol in the presence of cholesterol
Authors: Doherty Daniel Z. , Ghith Amna , Ho Ava , De Voss James J. , Bell Stephen G.
Published: June 2023

Cholesterol catabolism is an important survival mechanism for the pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here we demonstrate that the CYP125 family of cytochrome P450 enzymes can catalyse the oxidation of phytosterols as well as cholesterol.
Pd-catalyzed synthesis of hetero 1,2-interlinked C-disaccharides by coupling of iodo glycals with glycals
Authors: Rasool Bisma , Zargar Irshad Ahmad , Hussain Nazar , Mukherjee Debaraj
Published: June 2023

A facile synthesis of C1–C2 interlinked disaccharides is achieved from readily available iodo-glycals and unsubstituted glycals.
Copper-mediated bromine atom transfer radical cyclisation of unactivated alkyl bromides
Authors: Yang Xue , Zhou Jianlin , Wu Shuoren , Yu Wei
Published: June 2023

The atom transfer radical cyclisation of unactivated alkyl bromides was realized by using a catalytic system of CuBr and Me6-TREN. The reaction provides an atom-economical means for the preparation of five-membered cyclic compounds.
Sequencing for oxidative DNA damage at single-nucleotide resolution with click-code-seq v2.0
Authors: Xiao Songjun , Fleming Aaron M. , Burrows Cynthia J.
Published: June 2023

An update of a method to sequence DNA damage at any nucleotide with single-nt resolution is described.
Lithium transference in electrolytes with star-shaped multivalent anions measured by electrophoretic NMR
Authors: Chakraborty Saheli , Halat David M. , Im Julia , Hickson Darby T. , Reimer Jeffrey A. , Balsara Nitash P.
Published: June 2023

Lithium transference in a multivalent electrolyte containing bulky, star-shaped anions is compared using three experimental techniques, namely, electrochemical polarization, PFG-NMR and electrophoretic NMR.
Water adsorption lifts the (2 × 1) reconstruction of calcite(104)
Authors: Heggemann Jonas , Aeschlimann Simon , Dickbreder Tobias , Ranawat Yashasvi S. , Bechstein Ralf , Kühnle Angelika , Foster Adam S. , Rahe Philipp
Published: June 2023

At low coverage, water exclusively occupies one specific position within the (2×1) unit cell of calcite(104)−(2×1). At higher coverage, water gradually lifts the (2×1) reconstruction until the fully water covered surface expresses a (1×1) structure.
Highly sensitive plasmonic sensor based on eccentric-core photonic crystal fibers
Authors: Zhu Wanlai , Xu Feng , Yi Zao , Cheng Shubo , Yang Hua , Wu Xianwen , Li Gongfa , Zeng Liangcai , Yu Zhenfang , Li Hailiang
Published: June 2023

Here, an eccentric-core photonic crystal fiber coated with a gold film is designed. The sensor was used for kerosene concentration detection and temperature sensing based on direct and indirect measurement methods.
Origin of the negative longitudinal piezoelectric effect and electric auxetic effect in hexagonal AIBIVCV semiconductors
Authors: Zhao Ling-Xu , Liu Jian
Published: June 2023

Hexagonal AIBIVCV (A = Li, Na, and K; B = Ge and Sn; C = N, P, As, and Sb) semiconductors with an electric auxetic effect exhibit a counterintuitive electric-field-driven structural response.
Mixture of an ionic liquid and organic solvent at graphene: interface structure and ORR mechanism
Authors: Pavlov Sergey , Kislenko Sergey
Published: June 2023

The interface between a graphene electrode and Pyr14TFSI/DME mixed electrolyte was investigated via MD simulations in the context of Li–O2 batteries.
Non-adiabatic dynamics simulations of the S1excited-state relaxation of diacetyl phenylenediamine
Authors: Chen Xiaohang , Wang Wei , Xiao Dongyi , Xia Shu-Hua , Zhang Yan
Published: June 2023

Theoretical calculations reveal the excited-state relaxation of m-DAPA: by going through single proton transfer instead of a double proton transfer process.
Heterostructural NiSe-CoFe LDH as a highly effective and stable electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Hou Zhengfang , Fan Fangyuan , Wang Zhe , Deng Yuqing , Du Yeshuang
Published: June 2023

A self-supported NiSe-CoFe LDH electrocatalyst was synthesized to catalyze the OER with a small overpotential of 228 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and excellent stability for 60 hours.
Smartphone-based portable photoelectrochemical biosensing system for point-of-care detection of urine creatinine and albumin
Authors: Shi Zhenghan , Dai Chaobo , Deng Peixue , Wu Yue , Liu Guang , An Zijian , Liang Hao , Zhang Fenni , Lu Yanli , Liu Qingjun
Published: June 2023

A fully integrated portable smartphone-based photoelectrochemical biosensing system was developed for sensitive analysis of urine creatinine and albumin simultaneously.
Rational design of metal–nitrogen-codoped carbon nanotube catalysts for CO2 reduction based on NiZn-layered double hydroxides
Authors: Jia Shuyu , Zhang Ping , Chen Hao , Xie Ruishi , Fu Yingke , Chen Lin , Zhang Yaping , Xiong Ying
Published: June 2023

CNT-N-NiZn was constructed by controlling the assembly, high-temperature nitriding between single-layer NiZn-LDH and CNT. This study elucidates the M-N-C catalyst activity source and provides new insights into the M-N-C structure design.
Controllable synthesis of nanostructured bismuth vanadate thin films as an efficient catalyst for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Jiamprasertboon Arreerat , Sertwatsana Sarunya , Ngamwongwan Lappawat , Sangkhun Weradesh , Waehayee Anurak , Phonsuksawang Praphaiphon , Bootchanont Atipong , Nijpanich Supinya , Busayaporn Wutthikrai , Nakajima Hideki , Suthirakun Suwit , Butburee Teera , Siritanon Theeranun
Published: June 2023

The choice of solvents and additives used in the preparation of BiVO4 films had a critical influence on the preferred orientation of the crystal planes, the surface morphology, and, consequently, the photoelectrochemical properties.
Efficient synthesis of spirooxazine-pyrans via rhodium-catalyzed [3+3] cascade spiroannulation of benzoxazines with 1-diazonaphthalen-2(1H)-ones
Authors: Huang Junwei , Yue Xuelin , Gao Yijie , Feng Yadong , Cui Xiuling
Published: June 2023

A redox-neutral access to spirooxazine-pyrans has been realized via Rh(iii)-catalysed [3+3] cascade spirocyclization of benzo[b][1,4]oxazines and 1-diazonaphthalen-2(1H)-ones under extremely mild reaction conditions.
A novel acylhydrazone-based self-assembled supramolecular gel for ultrasensitive alternating fluorescence detection of Fe3+ and H2PO4−
Authors: Wu Shang , Liu Jutao , Fu Shuaishuai , Wang Jiajia , Zhang Penghui , Liu Chaoyang , Wang Yanbin , Su Qiong , Sun Yuzhi , Yang Quanlu
Published: June 2023

A novel acylhydrazone-based self-assembled supramolecular gel for ultrasensitive alternating fluorescence detection of Fe3+ and H2PO4−.
Structural features and in vitro antitumor activity of a water-extracted polysaccharide from Ganoderma applanatum
Authors: Gong Zan , Liu Meng , Liu Hui , Deng Zhiwei , Qin Xiangxiang , Nie Jing , Qiao Zhe , Zhu Hua , Zhong Shian
Published: June 2023

The structure of GAP-2 was comprehensively analyzed, and its in vitro antitumor activity was preliminarily evaluated.
Heteroatom (boron, nitrogen, and fluorine) quantum dot-doped polyaniline-photoactive film preparation and characterization for organic solar cell applications
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Esakkimuthu , Ganesan Vigneshkumar , Narayanan Vimalasruthi , Vellaisamy Kannan , Rajamohan Rajaram , Lee Yong Rok , Kaliyamoorthy Selvam , Thambusamy Stalin
Published: June 2023

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) play a significant role in various applications, such as solar cells, bio-imaging, batteries, sensing, and therapy, thanks to their outstanding optical and electrical properties.
Interfacial engineering to modulate surface dipoles, work functions and dielectric confinement of halide perovskites
Authors: Basera Pooja , Traoré Boubacar , Even Jacky , Katan Claudine
Published: June 2023

Perovskite surface energetics upon functionalization with atomic scale insight and validity assessment of the empirical expression derived from the Helmholtz equation.
Unravelling the thermo-responsive evolution from single-chain to multiple-chain nanoparticles by thermal field-flow fractionation
Authors: Muza Upenyu L. , Williams Chelsea D. , Lederer Albena
Published: June 2023

ThFFF with multiple detection enables monitoring the transformation of block copolymers into single chain nanoparticles stabilized by a shell (SCNP-shell). The SCNP-shell are in dynamic equilibrium with multiple chain nanoparticles.
Theoretical investigations of the electronic and optical properties of a GaGeTe monolayer
Authors: Han Nguyen Thi , Dien Vo Khuong , Chang Tay-Rong , Lin Ming-Fa
Published: June 2023

Our study focused on exploring the electronic and optical characteristics of the GaGeTe monolayer using first-principles calculations.
Gold nanoparticle-coated apoferritin conductive nanowires
Authors: Pelayo-Punzano Gloria , Jurado Rocío , López-Haro Miguel , Cuesta Rafael , Calvino José J. , Domínguez-Vera José M. , Gálvez Natividad
Published: June 2023

Apoferritin protein fibers have the ability to nucleate and in situ grow gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) following the pitch of the twisted fibers. Current–voltage measurements indicate that the nanofibers exhibit ohmic behavior and have a continuous metallic structure.
Handheld device quantifies breath acetone for real-life metabolic health monitoring
Authors: Bastide Grégoire M. G. B. H. , Remund Anna L. , Oosthuizen Dina N. , Derron Nina , Gerber Philipp A. , Weber Ines C.
Published: June 2023

A handheld device accurately quantifies acetone in breath and monitors fine metabolic changes from exercising and dieting for 4P medicine.
The role of phonons in switchable MOFs: a model material perspective
Authors: Hoffman Alexander E. J. , Senkovska Irena , Abylgazina Leila , Bon Volodymyr , Grzimek Veronika , Dominic Anna Maria , Russina Margarita , Kraft Marvin A. , Weidinger Inez , Zeier Wolfgang G. , Van Speybroeck Veronique , Kaskel Stefan
Published: June 2023

The role of phonons in switchable DUT-8(M) MOFs involving Ni, Co, Zn, or Cu as metal (M) was studied by Raman spectroscopy, inelastic neutron scattering (INS), and phonon acoustic spectroscopy (PAS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Hierarchical Co/MoNi heterostructure grown on monocrystalline CoNiMoOx nanorods with robust bifunctionality for hydrazine oxidation-assisted energy-saving hydrogen evolution
Authors: Xiao Zehao , Wang Jie , Lu Hongxiu , Qian Yinyin , Zhang Qiang , Tang Aidong , Yang Huaming
Published: June 2023

Bifunctional CoNiMo/CoNiMoOx catalyst for accelerating hydrazine oxidation (−23 mV at 100 mA cm−2) and seawater reduction (−79 mV at 100 mA cm−2). Such catalyst assembled hybrid seawater electrolyzer demands only 0.143 kW h m−3 H2 at 100 mA cm−2.
A benzimidazole-linked bimetallic phthalocyanine–porphyrin covalent organic framework synergistically promotes CO2electroreduction
Authors: Dong Xiao-Yu , Yan Fang-Qin , Wang Qian-You , Feng Peng-Fei , Zou Ru-Yi , Wang Shan , Zang Shuang-Quan
Published: June 2023

A bimetallic phthalocyanine–porphyrin covalent organic framework with benzimidazole linkage was developed as an efficient CO2electrocatalyst. Mechanistic studies clarified that a synergistic effect in the CO2reduction thermodynamic pathway.
Intracellular delivery of virus-like particles using a sheddable linker
Authors: Hagge Laurel M. , Shahrivarkevishahi Arezoo , Al-Kharji Noora M. , Chen Zhuo , Brohlin Olivia R. , Trashi Ikeda , Tumac Alisia , C. Herbert Fabian , Adlooru Abhinay Varma , Lee Hamilton , Firouzi Hamid Reza , Cornelius Samuel A. , De Nisco Nicole J. , Gassensmith Jeremiah J.
Published: June 2023

To overcome the challenge of lysosomal degradation of material in cells, we developed a carrier using chemical synthesis to successfully bypass the endosomal trap and deliver therapeutic materials directly into the cytoplasm of cells.
Cross-seeding enables repurposing of aurein antimicrobial peptides as a promoter of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP)
Authors: Tang Yijing , Zhang Dong , Gong Xiong , Zheng Jie
Published: June 2023

In this work, we propose and demonstrate a repurposing strategy for an antimicrobial peptide, aurein, which can simultaneously modulate hIAPP aggregation and inhibit microbial infection.
A high-performance organic electrochemical transistor based on foam-structured channels prepared using a template washing-off method
Authors: He Shunhao , Xiang Shanglin , Wang Junjie , Wang Kaili , Yu Liuyingzi , Song Yaxin , Zhu Chengcheng , Gong Zhongyan , Zhang Yulong , Gao Kun , Kang Xing , Wang Tingwei , Yu Hai-Dong , Lu Gang
Published: June 2023

A template washing-off method was used to prepare a PEDOT:PSS foam, which was used as the channel layer in an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT). The OECT showed a transconductance up to 18 mS and a response time down to 300 millisecond.
Research on mapping recognition of arc welding molten pool characterisation and penetration state based on embedded system
Authors: Zhu Yanjun , Wu Zhisheng , Liu Cuirong
Published: June 2023

In order to explore the mapping recognition of arc welding molten pool characterisation and penetration state, according to the idea of embedded system construction, this article adopts the idea of software and hardware co‐design to find the zero‐crossing point of the second derivative in welding image edge detection, and give a threshold. When the absolute value of the first‐order derivative exceeds the threshold and has a different sign with the first‐order derivative of the previous edge, it is judged as a valid edge. The welding current adopts a symmetrical pulsed AC square wave, and the proportion of heat flow input is high. At the base current, the arc light is darker, so a clear image is obtained. This article designs a simulation experiment to verify the effect of the embedded system in this article. From the experimental research, it can be known that the embedded system constructed in this article can play a certain role in the mapping recognition of the arc welding molten pool characterisation and penetration state.
Green economic analysis for multi‐energy system with linearized CO2 electrolysis model
Authors: Song Zhenzi , Wang Xiuli , Hesamzadeh Mohammad Reza , Qian Tao
Published: June 2023

CO2 electrolysis system (CES), as a type of carbon capture, utilization, and storage, has significant potential for achieving carbon neutrality. By utilizing surplus renewable energy, CES can convert CO2 into valuable electrochemical products. This paper studies the advantages brought by the application of CES to the green economic operation of multi‐energy system. Firstly, a linear model based on the CES's operation data is developed to characterize its dynamic behaviour. In addition, a two‐stage stochastic programming model for the operation of CES within multi‐energy system is studied. Finally, a creative optimal‐operation‐based end‐of‐life net present value (OENPV) is proposed to assess the long‐term investment of CES. The results of the cases in different seasons and electrochemical products show that the application of CES not only brings significant carbon reduction to the multi‐energy system, but also alleviates the curtailment of renewable energy. Additionally, according to the OENPV analysis outcome, the production of formic acid gives the system the shortest return on investment, which is the fourth year of the 20‐year assessment cycle.
The ESO UVES/FEROS Large Programs of TESS OB pulsators
Authors: Serebriakova Nadya , Tkachenko Andrew , Gebruers Sarah , Bowman Dominic M. , Van Reeth Timothy , Mahy Laurent , Burssens Siemen , IJspeert Luc , Sana Hugues , Aerts Conny
Published: June 2023

Context. Modern stellar structure and evolution theory suffers from a lack of observational calibration for the interior physics of intermediate- and high-mass stars. This leads to discrepancies between theoretical predictions and observed phenomena that are mostly related to angular momentum and element transport. Analyses of large samples of massive stars connecting state-of-the-art spectroscopy to asteroseismology may provide clues as to how to improve our understanding of their interior structure.

Aims. We aim to deliver a sample of O- and B-type stars at metallicity regimes of the Milky Way and the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) galaxies with accurate atmospheric parameters from high-resolution spectroscopy, along with a detailed investigation of line-profile broadening, both for the benefit of future asteroseismic studies.

Methods. After describing the general aims of our two Large Programs, we develop a dedicated methodology to fit spectral lines and deduce accurate global stellar parameters from high-resolution multi-epoch UVES and FEROS spectroscopy. We use the best available atmosphere models for three regimes covered by our global sample, given its breadth in terms of mass, effective temperature, and evolutionary stage.

Results. Aside from accurate atmospheric parameters and locations in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, we deliver detailed analyses of macroturbulent line broadening, including estimations of the radial and tangential components. We find that these two components are difficult to disentangle from spectra with signal-to-noise ratios of below 250.

Conclusions. Future asteroseismic modelling of the deep interior physics of the most promising stars in our sample will provide much needed information regarding OB stars, including those of low metallicity in the LMC.
Activation of Diazo Compounds by Fluorinated Triarylborane Catalysts
Authors: Melen Rebecca L. , Pramanik Milan
Published: June 2023

The diverse applicability of diazo compounds as versatile reagents has enlarged the chemical toolbox in organic synthesis. Over the past few decades, transition-metal-catalyzed diazo compound activation has ignited the classical synthetic methodology via utilizing highly reactive metal carbenoid species. Many reviews have also appeared in the literature that show the advantages and disadvantages of metal-catalyzed activation of diazo compounds. Recently, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-mediated diazo activation reactions has remodeled this research area due to the potential for mild, environmentally friendly, metal-free, nontoxic reaction conditions, and the diverse reactivity patterns of boranes towards diazo compounds. In this review, we discuss the reactivity of the boron–diazo precursor adducts with compounds using catalytic and stoichiometric halogenated triarylboranes and, the mechanism of N2 release from the diazo reagent. This generates the reactive carbene species as a key intermediate which can further be exploited for O–H, N–H, S–H, and C–H insertions, azide insertion, carbonate transfer, C–C and C=C bond forming reactions, [2+2] or [2+4] cascade cyclization reactions, annulation reactions, etc.

1 Introduction

2 Diazo Activation Using Stoichiometric Boranes

3 Diazo Activation Using Catalytic B(C6F5)3

4 B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed Diazo Activation Reactions

5 Conclusions
Arterial Blood Gases and Acid–Base Regulation
Authors: Sanghavi Sarah F. , Swenson Erik R.
Published: June 2023

Disorders of acid-base status are common in the critically ill and prompt recognition is central to clinical decision making. The bicarbonate/carbon dioxide buffer system plays a pivotal role in maintaining acid-base homeostasis, and measurements of pH, PCO2, and HCO3
- are routinely used in the estimation of metabolic and respiratory disturbance severity. Hypoventilation and hyperventilation cause primary respiratory acidosis and primary respiratory alkalosis, respectively. Metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis have numerous origins, that include alterations in acid or base intake, body fluid losses, abnormalities of intermediary metabolism, and renal, hepatic, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. The concept of the anion gap is used to categorize metabolic acidoses, and urine chloride excretion helps define metabolic alkaloses. Both the lungs and kidneys employ compensatory mechanisms to minimize changes in pH caused by various physiologic and disease disturbances. Treatment of acid-base disorders should focus primarily on correcting the underlying cause and the hemodynamic and electrolyte derangements that ensue. Specific therapies under certain conditions include renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation, respiratory stimulants or depressants, and inhibition of specific enzymes in intermediary metabolism disorders.
Insulators at fractional fillings in twisted bilayer graphene partially aligned to hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Wong Dillon , Nuckolls Kevin P. , Oh Myungchul , Lee Ryan L. , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Yazdani Ali
Published: June 2023

At partial fillings of its flat electronic bands, magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) hosts a rich variety of competing correlated phases that show sample-to-sample variations. Divergent phase diagrams in MATBG are often attributed to the sublattice polarization energy scale, tuned by the degree of alignment of the hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) substrates typically used in van der Waals devices. Unaligned MATBG exhibits unconventional superconductor and correlated insulator phases, while nearly perfectly aligned MATBG/hBN exhibits zero-field Chern insulating phases and lacks superconductivity. Here we use scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) to observe gapped phases at partial fillings of the flat bands of MATBG in a new intermediate regime of sublattice polarization, observed when MATBG is only partially aligned (θGr-hBN ≈ 1.65°) to the underlying hBN substrate. Under this condition, MATBG hosts not only phenomena that naturally interpolate between the two sublattice potential limits, but also unexpected gapped phases absent in either of these limits. At charge neutrality, we observe an insulating phase with a small energy gap (Δ < 5 meV) likely related to weak sublattice symmetry breaking from the hBN substrate. In addition, we observe new gapped phases near fractional fillings ν = ±1/3 and ν = ±1/6, which have not been previously observed in MATBG. Importantly, energy-resolved STS unambiguously identifies these fractional filling states to be of single-particle origin, possibly a result of the super-superlattice formed by two moiré superlattices. Our observations emphasize the power of STS in distinguishing single-particle gapped phases from many-body gapped phases in situations that could be easily confused in electrical transport measurements, and demonstrate the use of substrate engineering for modifying the electronic structure of a moiré flat-band material.
On the electric charge of quantized vortices and the dipole moment of vortex pairs and rings in a magnetic field
Authors: Konstantinov A. M. , Shevchenko S. I.
Published: June 2023

It is shown that, in the presence of a magnetic field, a quantized vortex line in a superfluid liquid acquires a linear polarization charge, which is localized near the vortex axis over a length on the order of the coherence length. It is found that the total charge of a rectilinear vortex is nonzero, while the vortex pair and vortex ring have a nonzero dipole moment. The electric fields of rectilinear vortices near the end surface of a cylindrical vessel filled with a superfluid liquid are calculated. The electric polarization of superfluid systems in the presence of thermally activated vortex pairs and vortex rings has been studied. It is shown that such a polarization arises in the presence of relative motion of the normal and superfluid components.
Destructive relativity
Authors: Przybylska Maria , Szumiński Wojciech , Maciejewski Andrzej J.
Published: June 2023

The description of dynamics for high-energy particles requires an application of the special relativity theory framework, and analysis of properties of the corresponding equations of motion is very important. Here, we analyze Hamilton equations of motion in the limit of weak external field when potential satisfies the condition 2V(q)≪mc2. We formulate very strong necessary integrability conditions for the case when the potential is a homogeneous function of coordinates of integer non-zero degrees. If Hamilton equations are integrable in the Liouville sense, then eigenvalues of the scaled Hessian matrix γ−1V″(d) at any non-zero solution d of the algebraic system V′(d)=γd must be integer numbers of appropriate form depending on k. As it turns out, these conditions are much stronger than those for the corresponding non-relativistic Hamilton equations. According to our best knowledge, the obtained results are the first general integrability necessary conditions for relativistic systems. Moreover, a relation between the integrability of these systems and corresponding non-relativistic systems is discussed. The obtained integrability conditions are very easy to use because the calculations reduce to linear algebra. We show their strength in the example of Hamiltonian systems with two degrees of freedom with polynomial homogeneous potentials. It seems that the only integrable relativistic systems with such potentials are those depending only on one coordinate or having a radial form.
Recurrence quantification analysis during a mental calculation task
Authors: Ledesma-Ramírez Claudia Ivette , Hernández-Gloria José Jesús , Bojorges-Valdez Erik , Yanez-Suarez Oscar , Piña-Ramírez Omar
Published: June 2023

The identification of brain dynamical changes under different cognitive conditions with noninvasive techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG) is relevant for the understanding of their underlying neural mechanisms. The comprehension of these mechanisms has applications in the early diagnosis of neurological disorders and asynchronous brain computer interfaces. In both cases, there are no reported features that could describe intersubject and intra subject dynamics behavior accurately enough to be applied on a daily basis. The present work proposes the use of three nonlinear features (recurrence rate, determinism, and recurrence times) extracted from recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) to describe central and parietal EEG power series complexity in continuous alternating episodes of mental calculation and rest state. Our results demonstrate a consistent mean directional change of determinism, recurrence rate, and recurrence times between conditions. Increasing values of determinism and recurrence rate were present from the rest state to mental calculation, whereas recurrence times showed the opposite pattern. The analyzed features in the present study showed statistically significant changes between rest and mental calculation states in both individual and population analysis. In general, our study described mental calculation EEG power series as less complex systems in comparison to the rest state. Moreover, ANOVA showed stability of RQA features along time.
BiSbSe3: A promising Te-free thermoelectric material
Authors: Wang Sining , Qiu Yuting , Zhao Li-Dong
Published: June 2023

BiSbSe3 is a Te-free thermoelectric material with a chain-like complex crystal structure and multiple band configuration. This work overviews recent advancements in BiSbSe3, clearly demonstrating its excellent thermal and electrical characteristics. The strategies to optimize the thermoelectric performance of BiSbSe3 mainly focus on two aspects: manipulating carrier concentration and effective mass based on multiple conduction bands, and elevating carrier mobility based on maneuvering electrical parameters and microstructures. Additionally, strategies for boosting the carrier mobility are outlined as the prospects for the future development of BiSbSe3, including sharpening bands, improving orientation, and designing composites.
Plant lysin motif extracellular proteins are required for arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
Authors: Yu Huimin , Bai Fuxi , Ji Chuanya , Fan Zhengyan , Luo Jinying , Ouyang Bo , Deng Xiuxin , Xiao Shunyuan , Bisseling Ton , Limpens Erik , Pan Zhiyong
Published: June 2023

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can form a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship with most land plants. They are known to secrete lysin motif (LysM) effectors into host root cells for successful colonization. Intriguingly, plants secrete similar types of LysM proteins; however, their role in plant–microbe interactions is unknown. Here, we show that
Medicago truncatula
deploys LysM extracellular (LysMe) proteins to facilitate symbiosis with AMF. Promoter analyses demonstrated that three
M. truncatula LysMe
genes
MtLysMe1/2/3
, are expressed in arbuscule-containing cells and those adjacent to intercellular hyphae. Localization studies showed that these proteins are targeted to the periarbuscular space between the periarbuscular membrane and the fungal cell wall of the branched arbuscule.
M. truncatula
mutants in which
MtLysMe2
was knocked out via CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis exhibited a significant reduction in AMF colonization and arbuscule formation, whereas genetically complemented transgenic plants restored wild-type level AMF colonization. In addition, knocking out the ortholog of
MtLysMe2
in tomato resulted in a similar defect in AMF colonization. In vitro binding affinity precipitation assays suggested binding of MtLysMe1/2/3 with chitin and chitosan, while microscale thermophoresis (MST) assays revealed weak binding of these proteins with chitooligosaccharides. Moreover, application of purified MtLysMe proteins to root segments could suppress chitooctaose (CO8)-induced reactive oxygen species production and expression of reporter genes of the immune response without impairing chitotetraose (CO4)-triggered symbiotic responses. Taken together, our results reveal that plants, like their fungal partners, also secrete LysM proteins to facilitate symbiosis establishment.
The structure of the concept of kærlighed ‘love’ in Danish
Authors: Kacprzak Aleksander
Published: June 2023

Based on 4 sets of linguistic data (dictionaries, corpus, texts, and surveys), the article explores the way in which the concept of KÆRLIGHED ‘love’ is organized in Danish. Thus, the key factors which play a role in the complex structure of the concept are: the language system, together with the emotion terms it makes available to its speakers; metaphoric models; models at the level of single subcategories; as well as individual experience. There also seem to occur prototype effects within the concept, both with regard to the single attributes of the concept as well as its subcategories. Additionally, the analysis has revealed the unique character of the Danish concept of KÆRLIGHED, which is inherently connected to other parts of the Danish worldview such as gender parity, sex, motherhood, God, the self or homeland, and which uses unique linguistic tools to convey the single conceptualizations.
Dimensions of time and space in narratives for climate action
Authors: Bloomfield Emma Frances
Published: June 2023

Addressing climate change requires engaging with the fluid, dynamic, and amorphous narrative of humanature relationships. I view environmental rhetoric as practices of storytelling that structure reality, guide actions, and shape understanding of the environment. Through rhetorical criticism, I analyzed fragments of climate activist discourse related to the narratives’ temporal and spatial scopes. I argue that reimagining the scope of our climate narratives’ temporal (chronos-kairos) and spatial (chora-topos) dimensions are inventional opportunities to motivate climate action toward more sustainable futures.
Corrosion inhibition capabilities of aluminium thin films on AZ31 magnesium alloy
Authors: Marndi Sundeep Kumar , Raman Pachaiappan , Sankarakumar Amirthapandian , Nagamony Ponpandian , Thangadurai Paramasivam
Published: June 2023

Al coating of varying thicknesses in the 50 to 200 nm range was coated on AZ31 Mg alloys to improve its corrosion capabilities. The thermal evaporation method is used for coating AZ31 Mg alloys. GIXRD, SEM, AFM and XEDS studied the structure, microstructure, and chemical analysis. GIXRD studies showed an amorphous thin film on the surface. AFM showed that the surface roughness increases with the coating thickness. Corrosion studies were done by electrochemical analysis in 3.5 wt-% NaCl environment. The Al coating has improved the corrosion resistance of the AZ31 alloy to the best with the lowest corrosion rate 0.07 mmpy, with the corrosion current density and corrosion potential of 0.32 × 10−5 A/cm2 and −1.17 V, respectively.
Spatially coordinated cell cycle activity and motility govern bifurcation of mammary branches
Authors: Myllymäki Satu-Marja , Kaczyńska Beata , Lan Qiang , Mikkola Marja L.
Published: June 2023

Branching morphogenesis is an evolutionary solution to maximize epithelial function in a compact organ. It involves successive rounds of branch elongation and branch point formation to generate a tubular network. In all organs, branch points can form by tip splitting, but it is unclear how tip cells coordinate elongation and branching. Here, we addressed these questions in the embryonic mammary gland. Live imaging revealed that tips advance by directional cell migration and elongation relies upon differential cell motility that feeds a retrograde flow of lagging cells into the trailing duct, supported by tip proliferation. Tip bifurcation involved localized repression of cell cycle and cell motility at the branch point. Cells in the nascent daughter tips remained proliferative but changed their direction to elongate new branches. We also report the fundamental importance of epithelial cell contractility for mammary branching morphogenesis. The co-localization of cell motility, non-muscle myosin II, and ERK activities at the tip front suggests coordination/cooperation between these functions.
Memory B cell development elicited by mRNA booster vaccinations in the elderly
Authors: Wang Zijun , Muecksch Frauke , Raspe Raphael , Johannsen Frederik , Turroja Martina , Canis Marie , ElTanbouly Mohamed A. , Santos Gabriela S. Silva , Johnson Brianna , Baharani Viren A. , Patejak Rachel , Yao Kai-Hui , Chirco Bennett J. , Millard Katrina G. , Shimeliovich Irina , Gazumyan Anna , Oliveira Thiago Y. , Bieniasz Paul D. , Hatziioannou Theodora , Caskey Marina , Nussenzweig Michel C.
Published: June 2023

Despite mRNA vaccination, elderly individuals remain especially vulnerable to severe consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we compare the memory B cell responses in a cohort of elderly and younger individuals who received mRNA booster vaccinations. Plasma neutralizing potency and breadth were similar between the two groups. By contrast, the absolute number of SARS-CoV-2–specific memory B cells was lower in the elderly. Antibody sequencing revealed that the SARS-CoV-2–specific elderly memory compartments were more clonal and less diverse. Notably, memory antibodies from the elderly preferentially targeted the ACE2-binding site on the RBD, while those from younger individuals targeted less accessible but more conserved epitopes. Nevertheless, individual memory antibodies elicited by booster vaccines in the elderly and younger individuals showed similar levels of neutralizing activity and breadth against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Thus, the relatively diminished protective effects of vaccination against serious disease in the elderly are associated with a smaller number of antigen-specific memory B cells that express altered antibody repertoires.
The classical and quantum implications of the Raychaudhuri equation in f(T)-gravity
Authors: Chakraborty Madhukrishna , Chakraborty Subenoy
Published: June 2023

The present work deals with the classical and quantum aspects of the Raychaudhuri equation (RE) in the framework of f(T)-gravity theory. In the background of homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker space-time, the RE has been formulated and used to examine the focusing theorem and convergence condition for different choices of f(T). Finally in quantum cosmology, the wave function of the Universe has been shown to be the energy eigen function of the time-independent Schrödinger equation of a particle. Also probability measure on the minisuperspace has been examined at zero volume for singularity analysis in the quantum regime. Lastly, the Bohmian trajectory for the present quantum system has been explicitly determined for some particular choices.
Suppressing charge recombination in disordered polymers blend medium
Authors: Hamed Mohammed S G , Y A Ahmed Abdallah , Mola Genene Tessema
Published: June 2023

Charge recombination is one of the critical factors that influences the performance of thin film polymer solar cells (TFPSCs). In this investigation, metal, plasmonic nano-particles are employed to suppress charge recombination and energy loss in TFPSC. Trimetallic nano-composite (NC) was successfully synthesized and composed of copper, nickel, and silver (Cu/Ni/Ag) using wet chemistry. The NC was incorporated into polymer-based solar absorber layers at different concentrations. The absorber layer is a fullerene-based bulk-heterojunction design using poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) donor polymer. The results show that the power conversion efficiency of the device doped with NC has improved by 85% compared to the undoped one. The incorporation of tri-metallic NC into the polymer blend solar absorber resulted in enhanced optical absorption and improved collection of photo-current as reflected by the recorded high short circuit current density (J

s
c

) and fill factor. The enhancement of the performance is due to the occurrence of local surface plasmon resonances in the polymer medium. The experiment indicated that there is some increment in an open circuit voltage, which is attributed to the low energy losses as a result of improved exciton dissociation, charge carrier transport, and collection.
Nanocrystalline β-Ga2O3 thin film prepared by electron beam evaporation for enhanced photodetection
Authors: Meitei Shagolsem Romeo , Devi Leimapokpam Sophia , Singh Naorem Khelchand
Published: June 2023

In this study, e-beam evaporation technique was used to fabricate thin-film (TF) of β-Ga2O3 on Si-substrate. The average crystallite size was determined to be roughly ∼39.8 nm. The deposition of β-Ga2O3 TF appears smooth and devoid of cracks or pits, with an average film thickness of ∼375 nm. From the ultraviolet (UV)–Vis absorption, the optical bandgap value for β-Ga2O3 TF was found to be about ∼4.84 eV. Our study found that the photodetector (PD) had excellent performance, characterized by an extremely low dark current of 4.02 × 10−8 A at −1 V bias, an I
L/I
D ratio over nine times, and the short rise and fall times of .27 s and .059 s. The simultaneous achievement of minimal dark current and quick rise and fall times is remarkable. The β-Ga2O3 TF PD’s remarkable consistency and reproducibility suggest promising practical applications for UV PDs.
Atomic-scale identification of nitrogen dopants in graphene on Ir(111) and Ru(0001)
Authors: Yang Huan , Abilio Ivan , Bernal Romero Juan , Rodriguez Carlos , Escobar Godoy Miguel , Little Mitchell , Mckee Patrick , Carbajal Vanessa , Li Joey , Chen Xing , Gao Hong-Jun , Palotás Krisztián , Gao Li
Published: June 2023

Nitrogen (N) doped graphene materials have been synthesized using the sole precursor adenine on the Ir(111) and Ru(0001) surfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have been used to characterize the obtained N-doped graphene materials. Several graphitic and pyridinic N dopants have been identified on the atomic scale by combining STM measurements and STM simulations based on density functional theory calculations.
Real-space imaging of several molecular layers of C60 in the rotational glass phase
Authors: Marz Michael , Issac Andrew , Fritsch Veronika , Kimouche Amina , Hoffmann-Vogel Regina
Published: June 2023

C60 is a model system to study molecule–surface interactions and phase transitions due to its high symmetry and strong covalent π bonding within the molecule versus weak van-der-Waals coupling between neighboring molecules. In the solid, at room temperature, the molecule rotates and behaves as a sphere. However, the pentagonal and hexagonal atomic arrangement imposes deviations from the spherical symmetry that become important at low temperatures. The orientation of the C60 can be viewed to represent classic spins. For geometrical reasons the preferred orientation of neighboring C60 cannot be satisfied for all of the neighboring molecules, making C60 a model for disordered spin systems with frustration. We study several molecular layers of C60 islands on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite using scanning tunneling microscopy at liquid nitrogen temperatures. By imaging several layers we obtain a limited access to the three-dimensional rotational structure of the molecules in an island. We find one rotationally disordered layer between two partially rotationally ordered layers with hexagonal patterns. This exotic pattern shows an example of the local distribution of order and disorder in geometrically frustrated systems. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy data confirms the weak interactions of neighboring molecules.
A micrometric deflection fiber laser sensor controlled by polarized light pumping
Authors: Contreras-Vallejo K E , Estudillo-Ayala J M , Hernandez-Garcia J C , Jauregui-Vazquez D , Sierra-Hernandez J M , Lopez-Dieguez Y , Tentori D , Reyes Ayona J R , Rojas-Laguna R
Published: June 2023

This work presents a study of a deflection laser sensor using a pump light source with different polarization states and shows that controlling the polarization state of the pump source can achieve better control in the tuning of an erbium-doped fiber laser. Laser tuning uses a selective wavelength filter manufactured using a thin core fiber section between two single-mode fibers, while the deflection is applied using an angular mechanism. In addition, the sensor was analyzed according to the wavelength shift of the laser emission as a function of the angular micrometric deflection, and a sensitivity of −33.01 pm µrad−1 was obtained in a dynamic range from 0 to 89.3 µrad with an adjustment parameter R
2 = 0.993 61. We achieved dual-wavelength tuning with gradual shifting and single-wavelength tuning from 1531.5 nm to 1547.7 nm. This sensor exhibits potential applications in the bionic and robotic detection fields owing to its high sensitivity, good linearity, simple fabrication, and low cost.
RP-YOLOX-DL: a deep learning hybrid method for parallel robots target positioning
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Wang Zongyan , Li Menglong , Gao Pei
Published: June 2023

To address the issues of low classification pickup efficiency and slow response time of parallel robots positioning (RP) methods based on machine vision, this paper proposes a deep learning hybrid method RP-YOLOX-Deeplabv3+ (YOLOX-DL method for RP) for parallel robots to achieve accurate picking. Firstly, the RP-YOLOX lightweight network is used to complete target recognition classification and rough positioning. A new feature enhanced network called Depth Slim Path Aggregation Network is proposed to optimize the original up-and-down sampling structure, and the computational efficiency is improved through the attention mechanism and deep convolution. The loss function in network evaluation is enhanced, and an emphasizing the target Binary CrossEntropy loss function is proposed for the objective loss strategy. Secondly, the DL network is used and the pooling structure is improved to obtain rich multi-scale information by using different types of Atrous convolution. Then, the extracted semantic segmentation center coordinates are finely positioned, and by using a hybrid positioning strategy, the RP-YOLOX and DL network modules are combined to obtain the best positioning coordinates of the target. Finally, a hand-eye calibration operation was performed to convert the robot, the camera, and the conveyor belt to eye-to-hand coordinate computation. The experimental results indicate that the hybrid method achieves a pick-up rate of 92.56% and a response time of 2.357 s, showing better performance than the traditional algorithms Faster-RCNN, YOLOv3, and YOLOv5. Meanwhile, the identification efficiency is increased by 2.41% compared to the YOLOX algorithm. These results verify the efficiency and robust adaptability of the mixed method. This study has a certain reference value for applying the deep learning method to robots positioning pick-up.
A tightly-coupled method of lidar-inertial based on complementary filtering
Authors: Liu Jinyue , Zheng Jiashuo , Jia Xiaohui , Li Tiejun , Zhang Wenxue
Published: June 2023

In the application of small field angle lidar for robot SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping), livox mapping can provide accurate odometer information and point cloud information of the environment with good precision for the robot in a short time. However, over long periods of motion, the laser odometer calculated by livox mapping will produce a large offset, which will reduce the localization accuracy and mapping accuracy of the robot. To overcome above problem, a lidar-inertial navigation odometer compact fusion method based on the idea of complementary filtering is proposed in this paper. By taking advantage of the good static performance of the accelerometer for a long time, the angle value obtained by the gyroscope integration is corrected. In the back-end optimization, the Jacobian matrix obtained by the residual calculation of the acceleration in the navigation coordinate system obtained by IMU and the gravitational acceleration is tightly coupled with the Jacobian matrix of the lidar residual. Different weights are given to the residual of each part, and the odometer is solved iteratively to further improve the pose accuracy of the whole SLAM system. In this paper, the method is applied to Livox-Mid40. The experimental results show that it can reduce the drift of long time and long distance and improve the accuracy of the system localization and mapping.