bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ И ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ПРОЦЕССОВ КОМАНДНОЙ РАБОТЫ В МУЛЬТИДИСЦИПЛИНАРНЫХ ПРОЕКТАХ
Authors: МАРТЫНОВСКИЙ Л.Е.
Published: October 2024

Исследование посвящено анализу механизмов и стратегий моделирования и оптимизации процессов командной работы в мультидисциплинарных проектах. Рассматривается влияние мультидисциплинарного подхода на эффективность командной работы, подчеркивая важность гибкой методологии, коллаборативного взаимодействия и взаимопонимания между членами команды для достижения общих целей. Анализируются как положительные, так и отрицательные стороны мультидисциплинарной командной работы, включая вызовы, связанные с управлением разнообразием мнений и подходов. Основываясь на общенаучных методиках, таких как синтез, аналитика, сравнение, аналогия и системно-структурный анализ, исследование предлагает стратегии для оптимизации работы мультидисциплинарных команд, обеспечивая их высокую адаптивность и способность к инновациям.

The study is devoted to the analysis of mechanisms and strategies for modeling and optimizing teamwork processes in multidisciplinary projects. The influence of a multidisciplinary approach on the effectiveness of teamwork is considered, emphasizing the importance of flexible methodology, collaborative interaction and mutual understanding between team members to achieve common goals. Both the positive and negative sides of multidisciplinary teamwork are analyzed, including the challenges associated with managing a variety of opinions and approaches. Based on general scientific methods such as synthesis, analytics, comparison, analogy and system-structural analysis, the research suggests strategies for optimizing the work of multidisciplinary teams, ensuring their high adaptability and ability to innovate.
ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РЕСУРСНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ В КОНТЕКСТЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ВЫЗОВОВ
Authors: ШАПОШНИКОВА Б.Д. , ЧЭНЬГЭЛИ Ч. , АЛЕЕВ О.Е. , ЕВСЕЕВ С.Т. , СТРЕЛЕЦ Н.Е.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена комплексному анализу и оценке эффективности ресурсного потенциала предприятий. В работе рассматриваются ключевые моменты ресурсного потенциала, включая материальные, финансовые, трудовые ресурсы, и оценивается их роль в поддержании устойчивости и конкурентоспособности предприятий. Авторами рассматриваются теоретические подходы к пониманию сущности ресурсного потенциала предприятия, анализируются факторы, влияющие на его формирование и развитие. Особое внимание уделяется методам оценки эффективности использования ресурсов, которые позволяют выявить резервы повышения производительности труда, оптимизации затрат и увеличения общей эффективности деятельности предприятия. Целью статьи является исследование методологических и практических аспектов оценки эффективности ресурсного потенциала предприятия в контексте современных экономических вызовов.

The article is devoted to the comprehensive analysis and assessment of the effectiveness of resource potential of enterprises. The paper considers the key points of resource potential, including material, financial, labor resources, and assesses their role in maintaining sustainability and competitiveness of enterprises. The authors consider theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of the resource potential of the enterprise, analyze the factors affecting its formation and development. Particular attention is paid to the methods of assessing the efficiency of resource use, which allow to identify reserves for increasing labor productivity, optimizing costs and increasing the overall efficiency of the enterprise. The purpose of the article is to study methodological and practical aspects of assessing the efficiency of resource potential of the enterprise in the context of modern economic challenges.
ВОПРОСЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ КОНТРОЛЛИНГА В УПРАВЛЕНИИ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫМ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕМ
Authors: ПАРАМОНОВ А.В.
Published: October 2024

В исследовании контроллинг рассматривается с позиции выполнения управленческих задач в муниципальном образовании, а инструменты контроллинга - сквозь призму так называемых центров ответственности, ведущих отличный от традиционного учет затрат и результатов, и выполняющих задачи в организационной структуре контроллинга. Определяется, что большинство инструментов, используемых в контроллинге, не разрабатываются с учетом этого, а создаются путем модификации существующих инструментов управления или методов поддержки управления. Доказывается, что на уровне оперативного контроля инструментами контроллинга выступает поэлементный учет, учета стоимости и производительности, расчет маржи покрытия затрат (анализ CVP), бюджетирование и многомерный анализ отклонений; стратегический контроллинг использует современные инструменты стратегического управления, среди которых получила распространение система стратегических показателей, система бюджетирования и контроля затрат и эффективности. Последняя основана на предположении, что затраты и результаты не могут быть «элементом» - они должны формироваться сознательно в ходе контроллинга. К инструментам контроллинга деятельности муниципального образования также следует отнести и систему информации и отчетности, результаты обработки которой используются при принятии управленческих решений.

The study examines controlling from the perspective of performing management tasks in a municipality, and controlling tools through the prism of the so-called responsibility centers, which conduct cost-benefit accounting that differs from the traditional one, and perform tasks in the organizational structure of controlling. It is determined that most tools used in controlling are not designed with this in mind, but are created by modifying existing control tools or control support methods. It is proven that at the level of operational control, controlling tools include element-by-element accounting, cost and productivity accounting, calculation of cost coverage margin (CVP analysis), budgeting and multidimensional analysis of deviations; Strategic controlling uses modern strategic management tools, among which the system of strategic indicators, the system of budgeting and cost and efficiency control have become widespread. The latter is based on the assumption that costs and results cannot be an “element” they must be formed consciously in the course of controlling. The tools for controlling the activities of a municipal entity should also include a system of information and reporting, the processing results of which are used when making management decisions.
К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОМ ПОТЕНЦИАЛЕ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: МУСИЕНКО С.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрена сущность инновационного потенциала промышленного предприятия, его взаимосвязь и взаимозависимость с экономической эффективностью деятельности, уровнем конкурентоспособности и возможностями обеспечения его экономической безопасности; обоснована актуальность и необходимость управления инновационным потенциалом промышленного предприятия, в том числе и в проекции его положительного воздействия как на сам хозяйствующий субъект, так и на экономику страны в целом; приведены нормативные акты, подтверждающие, высокий интерес государства к проблеме инновационного развития промышленности посредством использования ресурсов и возможностей опережающего развития субъектов хозяйствования в результате повышения их инновационной активности и обобщены подходы и методы управления инновационным потенциалом промышленных предприятий России, а также представлены рекомендации по их применению в сложившихся условиях хозяйствования.

The article examines the essence of the innovative potential of an industrial enterprise, its interrelation and interdependence with the economic efficiency of activity, the level of competitiveness and the possibilities of ensuring its economic security; the relevance and necessity of managing the innovative potential of an industrial enterprise, including in the projection of its positive impact on both the business entity itself and the economy of the country as a whole is substantiated; the normative acts confirming the high interest of the state in the problem of innovative development of industry through the use of opportunities and resources of advanced development of business entities as a result of increasing their innovative activity are presented and approaches and methods of managing the innovative potential of industrial enterprises in Russia are summarized, as well as recommendations for their application in the prevailing economic conditions are presented.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ЭНЕРГОЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ДОБЫЧИ НЕФТИ
Authors: ГАМИЛОВА Д.А. , АХМЕТОВ А.В.
Published: October 2024

Одной из самых энергоемких отраслей является нефтегазодобывающая промышленность, в связи с этим возникает необходимость формирования системы показателей оценки уровня энергоэффективности предприятия с последующей экономической интерпретацией. В статье описаны факторы, влияющие на энергоэффективность нефтегазодобычи, отражающие специфику оценки энергоэффективности и обуславливающие дальнейшие исследования в области обоснования инструментов оценки энергоэффективности.

One of the most energy-intensive industries is the oil and gas production industry, in this connection there is a need to form a system of indicators for assessing the level of energy efficiency of the enterprise with subsequent economic interpretation. The article describes the factors affecting the energy efficiency of oil and gas production, reflecting the specifics of energy efficiency assessment and determining further research in the field of substantiation of energy efficiency assessment tools.
Impact of business model of commercial bank on corporate customers’ management
Authors:   I. N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russia, Аркадьева О. Г. , Березина Н. В. ,   I. N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russia, Стафик Р. А. ,   I. N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russia
Published: October 2024

The study focuses on a business model that fully defines the approaches and methods of work of a commercial bank with corporate customers. The customer base of particular credit institutions changed considerably in 2022–2023, while the structure of the cumulative balance did not experience profound changes. Thus, PJSC JSCB Avangard’s focus on corporate services led to substantial changes in the liability structure, causing an outflow of funds from individuals. The authors analyzed the business model of Avangard in comparison with the activities of banks operating under the Tochka brand. The financial strategy of Avangard is to increase risk-free (transaction) income and liquid assets on the balance sheet while reducing the accepted credit risk. A special feature of the business model of Avangard is the fact that the majority shareholder takes an active part in resolving not only strategic but also major operational issues. Avangard is a member of a large financial group, which includes organizations in the agricultural, industrial, economic, and investment sectors and services their functioning, without placing much emphasis on attracting clients external to the group. According to the study, the business model of working with corporate customers of the classical bank PJSC JSCB Avangard has the main advantage of maintaining its traditionalism, while also being flexible in digital development, immediately adapting to the turbulence of the financial market, and developing its technological effectiveness. This model of a classic bank, focused on the quality of cash services, will be in demand among corporate customers in the coming years, and, perhaps, even more viable than the Tochka ecosystem models. The shortcomings of the business model of Avangard are the low level of involvement in the competition for servicing small and medium-sized businesses corporate segment, which is reflected in unfavorable tariffs, underdeveloped affiliate programs and digital areas of banking business, in comparison with the activities of Tinkoff Bank JSC, VTB Bank (PJSC), Alfa-Bank JSC and Sberbank PJSC.
Implementation of the resource saving concept within rural areas
Authors:   Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Головина С. Г. , Зубарева Л. В. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Абилова Е. В. ,   Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Published: October 2024

The increasing relevance of the problem of efficient resource utilization can be attributed to the popularity of sustainable development and the challenges posed by biological, climatic, and geopolitical factors, all of which are connected to society’s perception of crucial elements of the natural environment like land, water resources, and air. Specifically focused on rural areas, the research presented in this article examines the issues of effective resource utilization. The main scientific conclusion proposed in the work is that resource saving is an inevitable consequence of the negative manifestations of climate change, which entails positive effects for agricultural producers and the rural population, largely depends, first, on the motivation of rural entrepreneurs, secondly, on the state initiatives recorded in institutional documents, thirdly, on the preferences of rural communities and their active participation in the implementation of the concept under consideration.
The Relationship between Negative Life Events and Mental Health: The Mediation Effect of Stress Sensitivity and Moderated Mediation Effect of Negative Attributional Styles
Authors:   INSTITUTE FOR EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, Ju Rachel , Kim Yesuh , Yum Jemyung , Song Ji Hoon
Published: October 2024

This study aims to explore the relationship between negative life events and mental health among undergraduate students, with a focus on the mediation effect of stress sensitivity and the moderated mediation effect of negative attributional styles. The findings reveal that stress sensitivity partially mediates the relationship between negative life events and mental health, with a stronger indirect effect observed when negative attributional styles are low. In contrast, when negative attributional styles are high, the mediation effect of stress sensitivity weakens, rendering the indirect effect insignificant. These results underscore the importance of educational and psychological interventions aimed at managing stress and addressing negative attributional styles to promote better mental health outcomes. The study provides practical insights into the early diagnosis and prevention of mental health issues among undergraduate students.
1.3. CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION IN THE AGE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: KUŠNÍR Jaroslav , KRAVCHENKO Tetiana
Published: October 2024

1.3. CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION IN THE AGE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
2.1. КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВЧИТЕЛЯ ХХІ СТОЛІТТЯ
Authors: Бернатова Рената , Товканець Ганна
Published: October 2024

2.1. КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВЧИТЕЛЯ ХХІ СТОЛІТТЯ
2.5. ВИМОГИ ДО СУЧАСНОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ У ПРОЦЕСІ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ПРИРОДНИЧОЇ ОСВІТНЬОЇ ГАЛУЗІ
Authors: Зеленська Любов , Горват Маріанна
Published: October 2024

2.5. ВИМОГИ ДО СУЧАСНОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ У ПРОЦЕСІ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ПРИРОДНИЧОЇ ОСВІТНЬОЇ ГАЛУЗІ
Parque urbano y vida contemporánea
Authors:   , Carasatorre María Cristina
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de esta tesis es contribuir a la comprensión del valor de los parques urbanos para la vida de una ciudad, la conservación de su identidad y su importancia en la memoria cultural de sus habitantes, aportando herramientas para intervenir en un espacio público del siglo XIX con una mirada que lo interprete como un ámbito contemporáneo. El caso de estudio: el Bosque de La Plata. El Bosque, es un parque del siglo XIX planeado como parte de una ciudad creada bajo un modelo higienista - realizado con éxito en Europa e irradiado a toda América-, en el que se observa el impacto de las transformaciones que se sucedieron en la ciudad y que incidieron en los sucesivos cambios y ocupaciones que hoy presenta. Es un espacio de uso e identidad, articulador del conglomerado que abarca a La Plata, Berisso y Ensenada. Desde la inicial transformación de estancia a principal espacio verde urbano, a lo largo del siglo XX, fue objeto de propuestas e intervenciones. En el sitio se ubicaron establecimientos educativos y culturales pertenecientes a la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, así como instalaciones deportivas, gubernamentales y recreativas, entre los que se encuentra el Hipódromo y el Zoológico. El área abierta al público se ha reducido en un 65% con respecto a su superficie original. También se registran ocupaciones precarias y “provisorias” que permanecieron durante años, afectando su calidad ambiental. El diseño fundacional ha pasado por diferentes etapas. Hoy se presenta como un ámbito discontinuo, una especie de archipiélago de usos específicos, algunos extraños a la identidad del parque, que impiden la continuidad de un espacio recreativo. Dentro de este universo, se observan dos grandes áreas que actualmente se presentan desafectadas o subutilizadas de su destino de origen. Son enclaves de oportunidad para reconfigurar la totalidad del Bosque: el Hipódromo y el Zoológico. A partir de analizar y repensar el sitio, podrían surgir propuestas para vincular la multifuncionalidad de los distintos sectores que existen, eliminando las barreras arquitectónicas que los separan, recuperando e integrando nuevos enclaves paisajísticos como estas dos áreas específicas. Surge además la necesidad de plantear una relación nueva entre el parque y la ciudad como grilla y parque.
ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOREMEDIATION PROPERTIES OF THE MOUNTAIN-TAIGA FLORA OF THE LARCH BIOTOPE IN TRANSBAIKALIA
Authors:   Siberian Federal Research Center of Agrobiotechnologies of the RAS, Altaev Alexander Arkhipovich , Budazhapov Lubsan-Zondy Vladimirovich ,   Siberian Federal Research Center of Agrobiotechnologies of the RAS, Biltuev Alexander Semyonovich ,   Siberian Federal Research Center of Agrobiotechnologies of the RAS, Ulanov Alexander Kimovich ,   Siberian Federal Research Center of Agrobiotechnologies of the RAS
Published: October 2024

Phytoremediation technology is based on the ability of plants to remove toxic substances from the environment. Relatively few scientific papers have been published on the phytoremediation activity of forest plantations and the accumulation of heavy metals by forest biotopes in the areas bordering the territories of ore deposits, so the issue requires further study, with the increasing relevance of determining the phytoremediation properties of forest flora. Native forest plants can be recommended for the subsequent biorecultivation of mineral deposits located in a wooded area, after their production, to retain heavy metals within the boundaries of natural forest biotopes. Different components of forest ecosystems have different phytoremediation activity not only by plant species and biotope tiers, but also by individual plant organs. The main forest–forming breed of Larix sibirica, in the studied area of Western Transbaikalia, is a heavy metal accumulator plant, single species of Betula pendula L. they have the same property. The shrub layer also accumulates heavy metals, but less than grasses. From the herbaceous tier Artemisia Sieversiana is a hyper-accumulator plant of TM, which, having great adaptive abilities and high ecological valence of the species, will be one of the herbaceous species – "pioneers" of reclaimed areas, Elymus sibiricus L. can also be attributed to heavy metal accumulator plants. In general, the totality of plants of the studied natural forest biotope is a reliable indicator of heavy metal pollution, and part of its floral component can be recommended as phytoremediants during biological reclamation.
X-RAY EXAMINATION OF BIRD BONES DURING OSTEOSYNTHESIS WITH BIOCOMPOSITION-COATED IMPLANTS IN AN EXPERIMENT
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Artemyev Dmitry Alekseevich , Kozlov Sergey Vasilyevich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Drevko Yaroslav Borisovich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Klyukina Anna Dmitrievna ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov
Published: October 2024

Currently, osteosynthesis of tubular bones of various bird species (domestic / wild) is an urgent direction in surgery, since when injured and fractures of bone tissue, birds completely lose their function for flight. During traumatological intervention, attention should be paid to preventive and optimization measures aimed at antibacterial, osteoinductive and osteoconductive activity, especially in birds due to increased body temperature and the type of respiration that accelerates their metabolism. A group of authors has developed a biocompositional osteoplastic coating on implants that accelerates the consolidation process, consisting of: hydroxyappatite, methyluracil, amoxicillin, polylactide, selenium nanoparticles (nSe). The aim of the study: X-ray evaluation of bone regeneration of birds (pigeons) with experimental fracture of the humerus (n= 20) followed by intramedullary osteosynthesis with and without implants developed coating. Based on a daily clinical examination, a faster stabilization of inflammatory reactions was determined in comparison with the control group, consolidation is carried out in a shorter time according to the primary type without the formation of granulation tissues and bone adhesions. After 20 days, the physiological process of consolidation was clinically (biological test), radiologically determined, provided that the physiological rate of fusion to kinic consolidation, in birds, is 30-35 days (acceleration by 33%). It should be noted that the positive dynamics in fusion and the subsequent possibility of flight, in this experiment, are determined by the type of injury, the type of fracture and the method of osteosynthesis, however, multi-splintered and open fractures obtained by birds in natural conditions, accompanied by necrosis and sequestration of fragments, in most cases, remain with an unfavorable prognosis. The obtained experimental results make it possible to recommend the proposed minimally invasive method of optimizing the reparative bone formation environment for practicing veterinarians
MAPPING THE EPIZOOTIC PROCESS OF BRUCELLOSIS OF A SINGLE REGION
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Agoltsov Valery Aleksandrovich , Padilo Larisa Pavlovna ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Biryukova Oksana Petrovna ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Popova Olga Mikhailovna ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov
Published: October 2024

The creation of databases on infectious diseases of animals and the development of geoinformation systems for the purpose of monitoring the epizootic situation with subsequent implementation in a wide veterinary practice is the optimal solution to the problem of creating a unified picture of the epizootic situation. Journals archived in regional veterinary stations for the control of animal diseases, microbiological, bacteriological journals in veterinary laboratories, veterinary reporting documents on infectious animal diseases, symbols of veterinary, agricultural, municipal and other groups of epizootologically significant objects - all of them are the basic information for creating a database. The parameters of digital cartography based on geoinformation systems contain new tools for use in the process of studying the geographical method, which allows analyzing the dynamics of the spread of foci of infectious diseases, indicating patterns of preservation and circulation of pathogens. The technique makes it possible to use the most productive modern high-tech tools for spatial and temporal analysis, forecasting and construction of mathematical models. Mapping the dynamics of spatio-temporal changes in the epizootic situation can significantly improve the efficiency of analyzing the origin, formation and spread of epizootic foci of infectious diseases. On the example of a single region with a problem of brucellosis of cattle, the ways of penetration of the causative agent of the disease, the activity of the outbreak of infection, the ways of its spread, and in general, the possibility of evaluating the effectiveness of health measures are established.
ASSESSMENT OF BIOLOGICAL FEATURES AND DECORATIVE QUALITIES OF HYBRID DAYLILY VARIETIES IN THE BOTANICAL GARDEN OF SAMARA UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolev, Putyatina Elena Sergeevna , Soboleva Maria Nikolaevna ,   Botanical Garden of the Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolev
Published: October 2024

Plant introduction, one of the main areas of work of botanical gardens, studies the possibility of growing new species and varieties that are resistant to difficult environmental conditions of cities and changing climatic conditions, expands the range of plants used for landscaping city streets, squares and parks. One of the promising genera for introduction is the daylily. Representatives of this genus have high biological plasticity, differ in a variety of sizes, shapes and colors of flowers, are not demanding of soils, winter well under snow, are resistant to diseases and pests. In the landscaping of Samara, there is mainly one species of red daylily. Since 1995, the Botanical Garden of Samara University has been working on the introduction of varieties of hybrid daylily. This article presents an assessment of the biological characteristics and decorative qualities of 59 varieties of hybrid daylily cultivated in the Botanical Garden of Samara University. To study the peculiarities of seasonal rhythms of development, the "Methodology of phenological observations in the botanical gardens of the USSR" was used. The methodology of V.N. Bylov and R.A. Karpisonova was used to assess the economic and biological properties. The assessment of the decorative qualities of the varieties was carried out according to the methodology of T.N. Turchinskaya. Decorative properties include the color of the flowers, their shape and size, the number of flowers on the peduncle, the type of flowering, the height of the peduncles, the shape of the leaves and bushes. When evaluating decorative qualities, the duration of flowering and the intensity of bush growth were noted. The studied varieties of daylily are resistant to pests and diseases, and did not freeze at low temperatures in winter. In hot, dry summers, provided sufficient watering, they did not lose their decorative effect and bloomed well. All the varieties studied by us are divided into 5 groups and recommended by us for use in landscaping in the conditions of the Middle Volga region.
STUDYING THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF CHICKPEAKE VARIETIES IN THE LOWER VOLGA REGION
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Zhuzhukin Valery Ivanovich , Druzhkin Anatoly Fedorovich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Mukhatova Zhanslu Naviullayevna ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Serebryakova Marina Sergeevna ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Sugrobov Alexander Fedorovich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov
Published: October 2024

The maximum leaf surface area on average over three years of research was formed mainly under the combined influence of environmental conditions and various genotypes of chickpea varieties. On the 55th day of vegetation, the assimilation surface of the leaf apparatus for the Sharik variety was minimal (31.53 thousand m2 /ha), and for the Zoovit variety the maximum was 32.38 22 thousand m2 /ha. The other varieties significantly occupied an intermediate position. A significant variation in the indicators of the net productivity of photosynthesis was noted for chickpea varieties, depending on the prevailing environmental conditions. The net productivity of chickpea varieties varied between 5.17...6.50 g/m2 per day. The minimum value of this feature was characterized by the chickpea variety Golden Jubilee. The maximum value was found in the new chickpea variety Chernozern. A worthy contribution to the overall variability of photosynthetic potentials of chickpea varieties was made by the variety (factor A) at (30.1%), environmental conditions (factor B) - (50.7%), the interaction of AB - (17.7%), unaccounted factors - (1.5%); the contribution of dry biomass accumulation was: according to factor A (27.2%), factor B (55.3%), interaction AB (15.9%), unaccounted for (1.6%); The net productivity of photosynthesis is factor A (34.9%), factor B (47.1%), interaction AB (14.8%), unaccounted for (3.2%). For the Golden Jubilee variety, a close significant linear correlation has been established between yield, accumulation of dry biomass, AF and BPF. The correlation coefficients were 0.91, 0.90, 0.94, respectively (t fact >t 05), and the linear relationship of multiple regression between these features is described by the equation as : Y = -1.893 -0.1054x1 + 0.007 x2 - 0.6243x3. The multiple correlation coefficient is R – 0.98, F Fact-42.43 >F05 -5.41.The share of the participation of the leaf surface of plants, dry weight, AF and BPF in the formation of chickpea grain yield according to the studied parameters is determined as : 12, 29, 26, 29%.
CARBON OF MICROBIAL BIOMASS IN THE PROFILE OF PERMAFROST SOILS IN THE SOUTH OF THE VITIM PLATEAU
Authors:   Institute of General and Experimental Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Korsunova Tsypilma Dashi-Tsyrenovna
Published: October 2024

The cryogenic nature of soils undoubtedly affects the carbon content of microbial biomass. Global climate warming has led to a highly dissected relief in the form of heave mounds and thermokarst depressions, where the first reaction of landscapes to changing environmental conditions is the response of biota. The objects of our research are permafrost soils, brown soils and quasi-clay chernozems. The aim of the work was to determine the carbon of microbial biomass in soils with a dissected relief of the south of the Vitim plateau. We found a strong direct correlation between the carbon content of humus and carbon of microbial biomass in the studied soils. The correlation between the content of C-biomass and soil moisture in the forest cenosis is also noteworthy, here the relationship was (r=0.91) in the humus pocket and less close (r=0.69) in the host horizon. Comparing the carbon content of microbial biomass from frost-breaking cracks (humus pocket) in the soil from the same depths of the host horizon, it should be noted that the entry into the soil of significant amounts of organic matter with plant litter stimulates the soil microflora and even in the lower horizon there is a fairly high content of C-biomass. The indicators of microbial biomass and humus in frost cracks are higher. The obtained data characterize the direction and intensity of microbiological processes along the profile horizons. Such studies in agroecosystems are necessary to assess the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the soil microbial complex.
GRAIN QUALITY AND NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD.) IN KRASNODAR, RUSSIA
Authors:   LLC ", Dmitriev Dmitry Vladimirovich ,   Scientific and Production Association Quinoa Center", Mendoza Valery Kadillo ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba
Published: October 2024

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an Andean grain, very nutritious, up to what is considered a ‘superfood'. Its value lies in the fact that it is the only plant product that contains all the essential amino acids, while providing a high content of protein, carbohydrates and lipids and because it is gluten-free; currently, its consumption has expanded worldwide. In this study, the nutritional composition of the introduced quinoa, which is a local variety called: "Seva" with optimal yield, was evaluated. For this reason, an analysis of the nutritional value of the variety "Seva" was carried out at the experimental center of quinoa in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The methods used include the analysis of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids in 100 grams of quinoa sample. Therefore, the protein content in quinoa was determined by the Kjeldahl method. The analysis of the total amount of carbohydrates was carried out using phenol-sulfuric acid, a modern analytical method. The lipid content was measured in a system (Soxtec). As a result, a high amount of proteins was determined - 18.8 g. the content of carbohydrates - 62.3 g. and fats - 4.8 g. In addition, grain quality was assessed, data on the size and yield for three consecutive years were taken. The results showed that quinoa is an excellent food alternative in Russia.
MICROBIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF FERTILITY OF GRAY FOREST SOILS
Authors:   Institute of General and Experimental Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Korsunova Tsypilma Dashi-Tsyrenovna , Baldanov Nimbu Dorzhizhapovich ,   Buryat State Agricultural Academy named after V.R. Filippov
Published: October 2024

The features of humus formation and manifestations of biological activity of soils are revealed. In the studied soils, the total volume of incoming phytomass is 46 kg /ha, and the underground phytomass exceeds the above-ground one by more than two times. In gray forest soils, the decomposition of cellulose during the growing season amounted to 38.2%. The distribution of organic residues entering the soil under conditions of deep freezing and slow thawing is due to the low capacity of the humus horizon and small reserves of humus in gray forest soils. However, the composition of humus is dominated by agronomically valuable fractions that provide significant stability of humic substances. The humus content is low. Catalase and urease activity has been studied from numerous soil enzymes involved in various processes of transformation of organic and mineral substances. It is shown that according to the level of catalase and urease activity in accordance with the scale of D. G. Zvyagintsev, these soils are characterized as poor. The relevance of the research is caused by the need to analyze and simulate the transformation of matter in the Selenga River-delta-Lake system.Baikal", forecasting and creating the conditions necessary to maintain sustainable soil fertility within the framework of protecting the natural environment of the unique lake. The purpose of the research was to determine the genetic properties and the associated transformation of organic substances, as well as to identify the biological activity of gray forest soils on the riverine plain adjacent to the waters of the unique Lake Baikal. The information obtained on biological activity can be used in agricultural practice in assessing soil productivity, as well as in conducting environmental monitoring.
DOMESTIC DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF COWS WITH ACUTE CATARRHAL-PURULENT ENDOMETRITIS
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Semivolos Alexander Methodievich , Agoltsov Valery Aleksandrovich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Kalyuzhny Ivan Isaevich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Semivolos Sergey Alexandrovich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of a comparative assessment of the therapeutic effectiveness of various medicines produced in Croatia, the Republic of Belarus and Russia. For the treatment of cows with acute catarrhal purulent postpartum endometritis, drugs were used that had foaming properties and were administered intrauterine, once a day with an interval of 24 hours, until the lumen of the cervical canal was closed. The diagnosis of pathology of the genital organs in cows was made on the basis of the results of zootechnical accounting, vaginal, rectal and echographic (veterinary ultrasound scanner AcuVista 880i) studies. Clinical observations of the animals were carried out for 90 days. The recovery time of cows of different experimental groups, the manifestation of sexual cyclicity, the fertilization of females after insemination and the insemination index were taken into account. Experimental studies have established that postpartum acute endometritis is registered in farms of the Saratov region in 11.4–25.3% of cows after calving. Sexual cyclicity was restored after intrauterine administration of Biometrosanit in all cows, Enroflon and Geomycin – 92.86% of females. The period of clinical recovery of cows after treatment with Biometrosanite was 8.68± 0.22 days, Enroflon - 8.21 ± 0.19 days, and Geomycin F -10.64± 0.26 days. Fertilization after treatment of cows with acute catarrhal purulent form of postpartum endometritis with Enroflon was 92.86%, Geomycin F – 75.57%. In the experimental group of cows for which Biometrosanite was used, fertilization occurred in all animals with the best insemination index (1.57). In addition, the production and use in veterinary practice of the domestic drug Biometrosanit for the treatment of cows with an acute form of postpartum catarrhal purulent endometritis reduces our country's dependence on imports of veterinary drugs.
THE ROLE OF CONDITIONALLY PATHOGENIC MICROFLORA IN THE ETIOLOGY OF MASTITIS IN COWS
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Filatova Alena Vladimirovna , Tshivale Belisario Manuel ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Avdeenko Vladimir Semenovich ,   St. Petersburg University of Veterinary Medicine, Agoltsov Valery Alexandrovich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov
Published: October 2024

During the bacteriological study of 412 samples of udder secretion from cows with mastitis, 121 cultures of microorganisms of 15 species were isolated, which were represented in 54.9% of cases by gram–positive cocci, the remaining 45.1% by representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae and Ps. aegidinosa families, staphylococci prevailed – 28.6%, streptococci – 22.6%, enterococci – 19.2%. At the same time, in some farms, the mammary gland of cows is infected to a greater extent with staphylococci, in others with streptococci, in some mixed microflora prevails. With the incidence of mastitis in cows exceeding 30%, microflora was isolated from 81.8% of udder secretion samples, including pathogenic microflora (Staph. aureus, E. soli) – in 32.7% of cases, conditionally pathogenic (C. diversus, Ent. faecalis) – 23.6% and 20.0% – saprophytic microflora (Staph. saprophyticus, Staph. epidermidis, Ent. aegodes, Ps. aeruginosa) and fungi (Candida) – 5.5%. Pathogens were absent in 18.2% of udder secretion samples from cows with mastitis. At the same time, it should be noted that gross violations in the technology of machine milking of cows were noted in these farms. The results of the study showed that in clinically healthy lactating cows, the coefficient of bactericidal activity of the udder skin varies depending on the functional state of the breast and has a maximum value of 91.8±2.0% in the first week after delivery, decreasing to 87.8±2.4% by the middle of lactation and becomes minimal during the launch period – 79.7± 2.3%. The change in the bactericidal coefficient of the udder nipple skin is associated with the state of other non-specific local protection factors, in particular, the lysozyme M titer and the level of somatic cells. The above indicates that the violations that took place led to a decrease in their general and local resistance and infection not only with pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic (incidence 10-30%), but also with saprophytic microflora (incidence more than 30%), and the absence of microflora in 18.2% of cases indicates that mastitis initially begins to develop as aseptic, and then when infected with microflora − as an infectious process of varying severity.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF RURAL HEALTH DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rubtsova Vera Nikolaevna
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify and substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of digitalization, which is in demand by rural healthcare. Theoretical positions of researchers of organizational sustainability and mechanisms of sustainable development of complex systems recognized by the international scientific community are summarized. Their concretization in application to the goals and objectives of the study made it possible to identify and theoretically substantiate the need to treat the development of a digital space for rural healthcare as a specific object that corresponds to the characteristics of rural settlement and the structure of rural healthcare. Theoretically, the increased importance of the development and application of a set of digital technologies in rural health care, ensuring its organizational sustainability in the face of the internationally recognized weakness of rural health systems, has been proven. On the basis of the identified and scientifically substantiated theoretical provisions, methodological requirements for the formation of a set of digital technologies that are in demand by rural healthcare and ensure its organizational sustainability have been developed. These include the need to take into account the presence of small rural healthcare organizations, the presence in the structure of rural healthcare; health care organizations that are not in the city; low technical provision of the rural population with digital technologies compared to the city. It is concluded that it is necessary to take into account the theoretical and methodological provisions identified and scientifically substantiated in the article for the formation of organizational sustainability of rural healthcare. The article scientifically substantiates the main condition for the formation of sustainable development of digitalization of rural healthcare. This condition is defined as the need to develop and implement a practical approach to the organization of rural health care in the form of a subsystem of national health care that has an organizational status. This means that the rural health care system should have the layout of health care organizations that correspond to the characteristics of rural settlement in Russia; to have its own legal framework and financing system, a centralized management system with management bodies at all territorial levels of rural healthcare. The practical significance of the article is reflected in the developed methodology for organizing the digital space of rural healthcare, which includes an analysis of the features of the formation of the digital space of rural healthcare in the conditions of rural settlement in Russia, which can be applied in the process of developing programs and strategies for the digitalization of rural healthcare in Russia at various territorial levels of rural settlement.
THE IMPACT OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF JAPAN
Authors:   Vladivostok State University, Kiselev Semyon Andreevich , Stepankova Daria Sergeevna ,   Far Eastern State University
Published: October 2024

Japan is an isolated country in terms of its socio-economic activities, since the long history of an isolated economic policy and exposure to the deflator process has its impact on the originality of Japan's economic policy. But studying the experience of the country's economic development seems to be very relevant, given that it was Japan that became the first advanced state in Asia, adopted a constitution in shifts and created a powerful competitive economy. Consideration of the socio-economic development of Japan in the context of the approach of traditional and Western institutional political science will expand economic tools for further economic analysis. It will also be possible to trace the dynamics and dependence of the development of Japan's institutions with the direction and movement of economic development. To date, the concept of an institution is widely represented in all social disciplines, and in each is interpreted depending on the approach used. The most general, etymological understanding of the institution (lat. Institutum) includes the establishment, custom, establishment, foundation. Of course, in a scientific study, such a category cannot be explained by this series of words and requires a more serious clarification. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a number of prominent sociologists turned their attention to the phenomenon of the social institution. Herbert Spencer was the first to offer his definition and create a detailed typology. In his understanding, an institution is a regulative self-reproducing form of interaction between individuals to meet their needs. This definition is a very broad understanding of a social institution, but it is still relevant.
ESTIMATION OF THE COST OF PROPERTY OF THE ENTERPRISE ON THE BASIS OF THE INCOME APPROACH METHOD
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Biryukov Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: October 2024

In world practice, practical experience has been accumulated in the application of enterprise management methods based on value, which serve as a highly effective tool for the transition from the current systems of economic assessment of production productivity to valuation systems, and also allow the enterprise management to use the cost factors at its disposal. to continuously improve financial performance. Everyone is accustomed to paying attention to the growth of income, but for further progress, the main thing is the growth of the value and return on investments. In some cases, this means forgoing business expansion, which was always welcome in earlier years. In other cases, go for a decrease in profits, since from an economic point of view it is expedient to invest in research and development or in advertising, which have a long-term payback. Also, an understanding is being formed that the main goal of the strategic management of an enterprise is to increase its value, and the main criterion for the effectiveness of management is the increase in this value. At the same time, cost management should be considered as an integrating process aimed at the qualitative improvement of strategic and operational decisions at all levels of management by concentrating common efforts on the most important cost factors. In order for an enterprise to operate successfully, improve product quality, reduce costs, expand production capacity, increase the competitiveness of its products and strengthen its position in the market, it must invest capital, and invest it profitably. Therefore, he needs to carefully develop an investment strategy and constantly improve it, and an investor needs an assessment of the value of the enterprise.