bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified Extended Kumaraswamy Exponential Type-I Distribution on Environmental data
Authors: Yadav Umesh Kumar , Kumar Abhay
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces a novel probability distribution, termed the Modified Extended Kumaraswamy Exponential Type-I Distribution (MEKWE), formulated by modifying the New Extended Kumaraswamy Exponential Distribution (NEKWE). The MEKWE distribution is characterized by its flexibility and ability to model data exhibiting various shapes such as skewness and kurtosis. The performance of the MEKWE distribution is evaluated using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) for parameter estimation and validated using real-world environmental data from Nepal (TSP of 2023). The distribution’s fit is assessed through various statistical tests, including the Kolmogrov-Smirnov (KS) test, AIC, BIC, and graphical diagnostics like histograms, box plots, and TTT plots. The MEKWE distribution outperforms other candidate distributions in terms of fitting the environmental data, demonstrating its potential application in environmental modeling, reliability engineering, and other fields requiring flexible modeling of lifetime data.
The Interplay of Foreign Policy and Democratic Erosion
Authors: Thapa Santa Bahadur
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the intricate relationship between foreign policy and the vitality of democratic systems. It argues that a nation's foreign policy choices can fortify or erode its democratic foundations.
The paper analyzes how misguided foreign policy decisions contribute to the decay of democratic norms and institutions. Employing a case study approach, it examines four critical instances of foreign policy missteps: the U.S. intervention in Iraq, Russia's actions in Ukraine, Saudi Arabia's involvement in Yemen, and China's assertive stance in the Indo-Pacific.
The paper reveals how such foreign policy choices have fueled democratic decline within these nations and destabilized international norms. The repercussions of these missteps extend beyond domestic turmoil and economic instability, potentially damaging a nation's global reputation and eroding public trust.
The findings emphasize the crucial need to ground foreign policy in democratic values. Respecting human rights and engaging with the international community are not merely idealistic pursuits but vital strategies for preserving democracy, promoting prosperity, and fostering global peace. By aligning foreign policy with democratic principles, nations can strengthen their democratic institutions and contribute to a more stable and cooperative world order.
अनुसन्धानमा पूर्वकार्यको पुनरावलोकन पद्धति
Authors: आचार्य ओमप्रकाश
Published: February 2025

अनुसन्धान कार्यमा पूर्वकार्यको पुनरावलोकन अपरिहार्य हुन्छ । पूर्वकार्यले अनुसन्धानको सैद्धान्तिक र अवधारणात्मक खाका तयारीमा मद्दत गर्दछ । अनुसन्धान कार्यलाई पुनरावृत्ति हुनबाट समेत रोक्छ । पूर्वकार्यको पुनरावलोकन गर्दा ध्यानदिनुपर्ने केही सैद्धान्तिक तथा व्यावहारिक अभ्यासात्मक पक्षहरु छन् । त्यसलाई अवलम्बन गरि यो भने अध्ययन गर्न चाहेको विषय क्षेत्रका लागि यथेष्ठ मात्रामा सहयोग पुग्छ । अनुसन्धानको विषय क्षेत्र अनुसारका पूर्वकार्यको समीक्षा पुनरावलोकन हुने गर्दछ । सम्बद्ध विषय र क्षेत्रको व्यापक चर्चा सहित सार समेतको प्राप्ति हुन्छ । जसले गर्दा अनुसन्धान विश्वसनीय र वैध, तथ्यपरक वस्तुनिष्ठ हुन्छ । तसर्थ अनुसन्धान कार्यमा पूर्वकार्यको पुनरावलोकन पद्धतिगत रुपमा हुनेगर्दछ । पूर्वकार्यको पुनरावलोकन किन गरिन्छ ? कसरी गरिन्छ ? पुनरावलोकन गर्दा के के गरिनुपर्छ भन्ने कुराको अध्ययन यस लेख मार्फत गरिएको छ । अनुसन्धानमा पूर्वकार्यलेअध्ययन क्षेत्रको निर्धारण गर्न, नवीन ज्ञान तयार पार्न, समस्याको पहिचान गर्न, अध्ययनको धारणा तयार, अनुसन्धान नदोहोरिन, अध्ययनको निष्कर्ष विश्लेषण गर्न,अनुसन्धानको उपादेयता, उपलब्धि पहिचान गर्न, अध्ययनसँग सम्बन्धित खण्डको टिपोट गर्न । अनुसन्धानमा पूर्वकार्यको पुनरावलोकन गरिनु पर्छ । यसबाट सैद्धान्तिक संरचना निर्माणमा सहहयोग पुग्दछ । सैद्धान्तिक ढाँचा र अवधारणात्मक ढाँचा निर्माण यसैका आधारमा हुने गर्दछ ।
Development of a Workplace Training for Veterinary Hospital Technicians and Assistants Following the ADDIE Model
Authors: Shin Tiffany , Derks Kobi , LaJuett Stefanie , McClour Anna
Published: February 2025

Workplace training gaps for new technicians and staff throughout the veterinary medical education community leave many feeling unsupported and result in challenges with retention, satisfaction, and confidence. Three registered veterinary lead technicians [VLT] teamed up with an instructional developer to design, develop, and implement a blended learning training to meet these needs. Strategies involved a blend of instructional tools, including a learning management system (Moodle) and corresponding workbooks all tied together through use of the instructional design model, ADDIE. The ADDIE Model is an instructional design process widely utilized in multiple fields to develop effective learning content: A = Analyze, D = Design, D = Develop, I = Implement, E = Evaluation. Preliminary data indicate positive outcomes for both trainees and VLTs while we wait on long-term retention tracking.
Plastinated Prosections and Nomenclature Charts Are Valuable Supplementary Learning Resources for Veterinary Anatomy Students in Dissection Classes and for Self-Study
Authors: Godager Linda H. , Sudmann Sara M. , Vinje Hilde , Rørtveit Runa
Published: February 2025

Anatomy is a central pillar of veterinary education, and it is an ongoing goal to optimize teaching methods so that students are well-prepared for their future practice. In the present study, we investigated whether plastinated prosections could serve as valuable supplementary learning tools during organized dissection courses and for self-studies. To enable independent student use, we also created nomenclature charts describing the anatomical structures on the prosections. Our study involved 89 veterinary students in their third semester of veterinary education, studying organ-based anatomy. The teaching intervention took place during four dissection classes, where all students dissected formalin-fixed dog cadavers, and where half of the students had access to additional in-house plastinated prosections with associated nomenclature charts, while the remaining students did not. After each dissection class, the students were given an immediate knowledge test and were asked about their perceived learning benefits. Subsequently, the plastinated prosections and nomenclature charts were available for all students for self-study for exam preparation, in addition to digital access to the nomenclature charts. Our results showed that the students frequently used the learning supplements and expressed high satisfaction with the plastinated prosections and the nomenclature charts but did not perform significantly better on the knowledge tests. A postexam survey revealed that the plastinated prosections and nomenclature charts were among the top three most frequently used learning resources for the exam. In conclusion, plastinated prosections and associated nomenclature charts are valuable learning supplements in veterinary anatomy education, both during organized dissection courses and for self-studies.
Development of an Antibody Targeting Variants of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
Authors: Bubphamanee Puridech , Limsakul Praopim , Charupanit Krit , Sutthibutpong Thana , Srifa Pemikar
Published: February 2025

Objective: The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which enters human cells through its spike protein binding the human receptor (ACE2), has evolving variants of concern (VOCs). This in silico study aimed to enhance the binding efficacy of a fragment in the SARS-CoV-2 antibody, by designing single-chain variable fragments (scFv) to block ACE2 from binding various receptor binding domain (RBD) variants. Material and Methods: The modified scFv structures were derived from the regdanvimab (CT-P59) IgG antibody. The binding interactions between the scFv and RBD of VOC variants were characterized using molecular docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. Additionally, computational mutagenesis was also performed to optimize the scFv binding efficacy against the RBD variants.Results: The unmodified CT-P59 scFv exhibited stronger binding affinities to VOC variants as compared to those of the Fab fragment; except for the Beta and Omicron XBB.1.5 variants. The docking results of the mutated antibody revealed that the R105W mutation in the scFv exhibited the most significant improvement in binding affinity across all VOCs. Additional MD simulation showed that the R105W mutation resulted in stronger binding affinity and stability than those of the wild-type CT-P59 Fab fragment; particularly against the Delta and Omicron variants. The R105W mutation induced binding by consistently interacting with virus-conserved residues Y452, F486, and Y489 on the RBD.Conclusion: This study successfully highlights the potential of the scFv with R105W mutation, targeting conserved RBD regions. This suggests that scFvR105W is a promising therapeutic candidate against SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, it provides a framework for developing potent therapeutic antibodies against COVID-19 and potential future pandemics; emphasizing the importance of adaptive strategies in response to viral mutations.
High efficiency process on the salted eggs preparation through the parameters optimization by using taguchi method
Authors: Ulhakim M T , Triyanto G , Arrozak F , Huseri R , Sukarman S , Ridwan R
Published: February 2025

This article presents experimental data on the salting process of salted eggs, which is one of the methods commonly used to increase the shelf life and taste of eggs. To achieve the highest desired salt content, this research uses Taguchi's experimental method to optimize temperature, pressure, and sanding parameters in the salting process. Experiments were conducted with various temperatures, pressures, and different types of sandpaper to identify the most effective combination of parameters. Experimental results show that the optimal conditions to achieve the highest salt content are at a temperature of 30°C, a pressure of 10 psi, and sandpaper with a size of 1200 grit. Under these conditions, the average salt content obtained is approximately 4.06%. This research makes an important contribution to developing a more efficient salting process for salted eggs and produces a higher quality product. By using Taguchi's experimental method, key parameters were identified and optimized, allowing producers to increase the production of salted eggs with a more consistent and higher salt content according to market needs.
The influence of electrolyzer addition to the 4-stroke modified injection system on fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions in motorcycle engines
Authors: Purwanto W , Wahyudi R , Krismadinata K , Rifwan F , Kustanrika I W
Published: February 2025

The demand for fuel is increasing along with the growth of the motor vehicle population, especially motorcycles. Currently, motorcycles rely on oil-based fuels, producing unhealthy exhaust emissions. One way to reduce fuel consumption and the resulting exhaust emissions is through the implementation of an electrolyzer. The electrolyzer is capable of saving fuel consumption and improving the engine combustion system. The objective of this research is to analyze the influence of adding an electrolyzer to the motorcycle fuel system on fuel consumption and exhaust gas. This study was conducted on a carbureted motorcycle that has been modified with injection. The results of fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission tests with electrolyzer treatment were compared with those without electrolyzer treatment. The results showed a decrease in fuel consumption at 2000 RPM by 31.36%, at 4000 RPM by 8.73%, and at 6000 RPM by 15.48%. In terms of exhaust gas emissions, CO decreased by 47.37%, CO2 increased by 24.37%, and HC decreased by 45.11% at 2000 RPM. At 4000 RPM, CO decreased by 89.11%, CO2 increased by 35.48%, and HC decreased by 36.98%. And at 6000 RPM, CO decreased by 41.67%, CO2 increased by 17.26%, and HC decreased by 6.92%.
Stress analysis and fatigue life prediction of portable rocket motor test stand using finite element method
Authors: Wibawa L A N , Rusyana I , Nugraha G , Koswara D , Muhdiyat D , Kristiyana Y , Subarkah H , Irawan D
Published: February 2025

A portable rocket motor test stand serves as the apparatus to evaluate the performance of rocket motors under controlled conditions. This equipment is crucial for assessing the thrust of the RX 200 rocket motor and examining the capabilities of various components, including the tube, propellant, insulator, igniter, nozzle, and rocket cap itself. Before conducting the RX 200 rocket flight test, a preliminary assessment using this equipment is essential. Therefore, the design of a rocket motor test stand must be carefully calculated to ensure that the tool functions as desired. In this study, thrust force variations of 10,000, 12,000, 14,000, and 16,000 N were applied. The portable rocket motor test stand utilized Aluminium 6061-T6, known for its low density, corrosion resistance, and moderate strength. Finite element analysis was conducted using Ansys Workbench software. The results of the fatigue simulation reveal that the portable rocket motor test stand fails to achieve a service life of 1 million cycles at a thrust of 16,000 N.
Phytochemical Profiling by Hyphenated Technique and Invitro Enzymatic Anti-Diabetic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of (Oryza sativa. L Indica)
Authors: M. V. Kumuthavalli  , S. Gokul  , T. Keerthana  , L. Janarthanan  , M. Kumar
Published: February 2025

Diabetes mellitus is one of the metabolic disorders caused by insufficient secretion of insulin from pancreas this leads to increase level of blood glucose level. This causes severe side effects like retinopathy, neuropathy and so on. In India the common food is rice (Oryza sativa) for their day-to-day life which is having excessive carbohydrate and less fibre content. Hence, there is a chance of increased glycemic index level in our body. To overcome this problem there is an alternative food black rice (Oryza sativa. L Indica) contains more fibre and less carbohydrate when compared to white rice. In this research we focussed the phytochemical analysis and invitro pharmacological evaluation by using enzymatic assay method with the use of ethanolic extract of Oryza sativa. L Indica by cold maceration process. Phytochemical analysis of extract revealed that presence of various phytoconstituents like flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, phenols and glycosides. In Aldose reductace inhibition assay extract showed significant inhibitory property with and IC50 value of 238.7μg/ml. Results of α- glucosidase inhibitory assay showed IC50 value of 383.2μg/ml and IC50 of 228.6 2μg/ml for α- amylase inhibition activity.The anti-diabetic portential may be due to the presence of flavonoids and phenols present in the extract. In these research it was proved through invitro anti-diabetic potential using enzymatic inhibition activity. In future, through invivo method, the same activity will carried out for further research development towards diabetes. By concluding that black rice can be taken in daily diet by all common people without any complications.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Elderly’s Sleep Quality : A Pre Experimental Study
Authors: Rachmawati Dhian Satya , Chabibah Nur , Mayasari Ayu Citra
Published: February 2025

Background & Aim: The aging process makes the sleep quality of older people tend to decrease and affects sleep and rest patterns in the elderly population. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is widely used to support clinical treatment. However, its use to address sleeping quality in the Indonesian elderly population is barely studied. This study aimed to determine the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the elderly’s sleep quality. Methods: The study used a pre-experimental design. The intervention variable was ten sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), while the outcome variable was the sleep quality in the elderly. The sample was 65 persons, selected by simple random sampling from the eligible elderly patients receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy at Naval Health Institute, Surabaya, Indonesia. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the outcome and the data were analyzed with the Paired T-Test. Results: After receiving the HBOT, the average value of sleep quality in the elderly improved from 6.63 (poor category) to 4.35 (good category) with p = 0.001. The results indicate that HBOT could significantly improve sleep quality in the Indonesian elderly. Conclusions: HBOT can be used to treat elderly patients with sleep disorders. Further studies are needed to identify the long-term effect of HBOT on the outcome. Also, the provision of HBOT to improve sleep quality for the wider elderly population requires further investigation with a more rigorous methodology such as a randomized controlled trial.
„WIWLASY” NA ŁONIE NATURY, CZYLI ZNACZENIE I SPOSÓB POSTRZEGANIA PRZYRODY PRZEZ CZŁONKÓW WILEŃSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA FILOMATÓW
Authors: Klimus Elżbieta
Published: February 2025

Funkcjonujące w Wilnie w latach 1817–1824 Towarzystwo Filomatów doczekało się licznych opracowań, jednak w żadnym z nich nie podjęto się scharakteryzowania sposobu postrzegania przyrody przez jego członków. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba opisania relacji zachodzących pomiędzy człowiekiem a przyrodą na przykładzie działaczy wileńskiego związku młodzieżowego.Ponadto zostaną przybliżone okoliczności obcowania z naturą, jej wpływ na nastroje i postawy młodych, a także sposoby wykorzystania jej walorów do celów wychowawczych. Analizie źródłowej poddano listy filomatów pisane w latach 1817–1823, jak również przekazy pamiętnikarskie filaretów blisko z nimi związanych.
CHITOSAN ADDITION EFFECT IN H3PO4 ACTIVATED PAPERMILL-SLUDGE WASTE CARBON-BASED COMPOSITES FOR CADMIUM (II) IONS REMOVAL
Authors: Cahyady Boby , Alfian Zul , Zuhra Cut Fatimah , Lenny Sovia , Taufik Muhammad
Published: February 2025

The use of paper mill sludges as a precursor for activated carbon preparation is one of the few attractive alternatives for absorbing metal ion application due to the high carbon content of cellulose fibers. This study aims to prepare papermill sludges with waste-based activated carbon (PPAc) by using an H3PO4 activation agent and combine with chitosan to become a composite for the removal of cadmium (II). The activated carbon/chitosan composite (PPAcCh) structure was evaluated using FT-IR (Fourier Thermal-Infrared) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) while the morphology was determined by SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). The Cd (II) ion removal was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The influence of various parameters, such as the effect of concentration of H3PO4, agitation speed, flow rate, pH, and chitosan initial concentration in Cd ion removal was investigated. The resultant PPAcCh composite potentially exhibits good performance at Cd(II) metal ion removal.
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACT AND FRACTION OF Z. Acanthopodium DC. FRUITS
Authors: A. Dalimunthe  , D. Satria  , S. B. Waruwu  , M. Muhammad  , A. Assyfa  , C. Yeun-Mun
Published: February 2025

Free radicals must be considered to prevent the increasing incidence of degenerative diseases. Antibiotic resistance is of particular concern in preventing the development of superbacteria. Andaliman (Z. acanthopodium DC.) can be developed to treat degenerative and infectious diseases. This research analyses chemical compounds in Andaliman fruit, which is essential to determine what compounds contribute to its pharmacological activity. The extract was made using reflux extraction with methanol followed by liquid-liquid fractionation to obtain the n-hexane fraction and analyzed for phytochemical content using GC-MS and antioxidant activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy method and antibacterial activity using agar diffusion. The analysis results showed that the methanol extract and nhexane fraction of Andaliman fruit contained geranyl acetate (6.48% and 2.38%) and had antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 76.27 ± 2.82 µg/mL and 83.81 ± 6.02 µg/mL. Antibacterial activity of methanol extract with vigorous activity at concentrations of 75 mg/mL and 300 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi; and has the potential to be developed as an antioxidant and antibacterial.
FINDS OF ALIEN PLANTS IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE LEFT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Miskova O.
Published: February 2025

In recent years, there has been a spontaneous introduction of adventive plant species from other regions, where they had previously naturalized, and the feralisation of plants thus replenishing the composition of the adventitious fraction of local flora. The vegetation of Seymskiy Regional Landscape Park is vulnerable to the introduction of new alien species of flora due to peculiarities of the park's location and because of the anthropogenic activity in its territory. The purpose of this work is to identify new adventive plant species in the studied territory (Sumy Oblast). This article presents chorological data on new species for the flora of the northern part of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine and summarizes information about their distribution in the entire country. Most of the findings were effectuated within the territory of Seymskiy Regional Landscape Park, and a part of the species were found outside of the park. This tendency indicates an active distribution of these plants in the northern direction. All these species are kenophytes that can be observed in anthropogenically impacted areas of the studied territory. There is one known habitat of Euphorbia davidii in the park, namely in the village of Vyrivka (Konotop district), and another one in the adjacent territory, on the tracks near the railway station Konotop. Grindelia squarrosa is found in two places within the studied territory: near the village of Vyrivka and in the surroundings of the village of Korolki (Konotop district), as well as at the railway station Putyvl (town of Buryn) that is located 5 kilometres away from the park’s border. A new species for the Left-Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine, Portulaca granulatostellulata, is marked in one place (breakdown lane between the town of Putyvl and Korolki). Aegilops cylindrica, a species that is natural for the Southern Coast of Crimea, was discovered on the railways near the station Melnya. Feral Thladiantha dubia was observed in two locations near the areas of cultivation in the territory of the park: villages of Zaliznychne and Vorhol. This species requires a greater focus because of its ability to form monodominant colonies and to suppress representatives of the natural flora.
Японсько-російсько-український трикутник: взаємовпливи в умовах висхідної агресії Росії
Authors: Хома Наталія
Published: February 2025

Аналізуються зміни у японсько-російських відносинах на тлі повномасштабного вторгнення Росії в Україну. Метою дослідження є розгляд робочої гіпотези про наявність взаємовпливів в умовному трикутнику “Японія – Росія – Україна». Перевірка гіпотези дозволяє з’ясувати роль питання територіальної цілісності України для японсько-російських взаємин. В основі методології дослідження покладено інституційний аналіз, за допомогою якого вивчено рішення, позиції державних інституцій Японії, Росії та України, а також їх наслідки для безпеки на регіональному та глобальному рівнях. Зроблено висновки, що вплив України на зміст і характер японсько-російських відносин має висхідну динаміку від 2014 р. Доведено, що попри національний інтерес Японії розвивати взаємини з Росією задля підписання мирного договору та повернення Північних територій, анексія Криму посилила солідарність Японії з «колективним Заходом» у тиску на Росію. Демократичні цінності та норми міжнародного права були поставлені Японією вище за прагматичний національний інтерес. Політика Росії щодо тимчасово окупованої території в Донецькій та Луганській областях і подальше повномасштабне вторгнення в Україну зумовило висхідну ескалацію напруги між Японією та Росією. Наголошено, що жоден інший чинник не мав таких наслідків для японсько-російських відносин, як політика Росії щодо України. Це дало підставу говорити про конфігурацію відносин в умовному трикутнику «Японія – Росія – Україна», де взаємини будь-яких двох держав зумовлюють дії у відповідь третьої держави. Агресію Росії щодо України позиційовано як рушійний чинник зміни зовнішньої, безпекової та ін. політики Японії.
Суб’єктивність пам’яті: крізь призму американських та німецьких мемуарів доби Першої світової війни
Authors: Казаков Геннадій
Published: February 2025

У статті здійснено аналіз суб’єктивності мемуарів, як історичного джерела на прикладі мемуарної літератури військових, політичних та громадських діячів США та Німецької імперії періоду Першої світової війни. Виходячи зі змістовного компоненту досліджених мемуарів, автор визначає вплив низки фактор, які впливають на їх суб’єктивність: особиста позиція автор та його політичні вподобання; належність до певної політичної чи військової фракції; результатів Першої світової війни для країни, до якої належав автор та його особисто; бажання залишитися в пам’яті нащадків у позитивному ключі. При цьому, коли одні автори акцентують увагу на внеску власної персони, інші у своїх мемуарах звертають більше увагу на власне оточення, тим самим виступаючи ще й свого роду хроністами. Автором статті здійснено класифікацію мемуарів в залежності від посад та позицій авторів, визначено ключову позицію та тематику, яку намагався донести автор мемуарів.
Моргенройт як культурна та історична пам’ятка
Authors: Ковтун Юрій , Щербанюк Леся
Published: February 2025

Наразі важливим є збереження культурної спадщини України, пам’яток як національного, так і місцевого значення. До числа останніх у м. Чернівці належить архітектурний ансамбль колишнього культурно-освітнього об’єднання «Моргенройт» (від нім. Morgenrot, в перекладі українською – «Світанок»). З цим культурним осередком пов'язаний величезний творчий доробок музикантів, літераторів та театральних колективів, що використовували мову їдиш, шляхом організації театральних постановок, просвітніх й інформаційних проєктів, які мали на меті розвиток єврейської культури та освіти, підтримку чернівецьких традицій солідарності та благодійності. Метою статті є дослідження архітектурного ансамблю Моргенройт як культурної та історичної памятки Чернівців міжвоєнного періоду. Для досягнення означеної мети визначено наступні завдання: проаналізувати, по-перше, будівництво Моргенройту та, по-друге, головні напрямки його діяльності як єврейського культрно-освітнього центру.
Російсько-іранське співробітництво як загроза національній та глобальній безпеці
Authors: Моренчук Андрій , Хомич Іван
Published: February 2025

Доведено, що співпраця між Російською Федерацією та Ісламською Республікою Іран створювала нові загрози регіональній і глобальній безпеці, ускладнюючи ситуацію на російсько-українському фронті. Аргументовано, що військово-технічне партнерство змінило характер двосторонніх відносин: Іран постачав безпілотники, боєприпаси та розглядав можливість передачі балістичних ракет, тоді як Росія забезпечувала Іран засобами ППО, авіацією, радарами та кібертехнологіями. Встановлено, що війна послабила міжнародний контроль над ядерною програмою Ірану, яка стала більш розвинутою. Також проаналізовано досвід обходу міжнародних санкцій спільними зусиллями двох країн та перспективи розвитку Міжнародного транспортного коридору "Північ – Південь" (INSTC). Окремо виділяються проблеми і можливості подальшого співробітництва між Іраном та Росією.
Інструменталізація міжнародно-політичної парадигми З. Бжезінського у формуванні регіональних пріоритетів зовнішньої політики України
Authors: Кирчів Андрій
Published: February 2025

Дослідження зосереджене на концептуальних підходах, ідеях і рекомендаціях З. Бжезінського та потенціалі їхнього залучення у практику формування й реалізації зовнішньої політики України у період від проголошення незалежності до теперішнього часу, її глобальних та регіональних пріоритетів. У статті розглядаються динаміка зовнішньополітичних процесів в Україні, пріоритетних векторів зовнішньополітичного курсу та їхньої кореляції із доктринальними засадами З. Бжезінського. Аналізується ґенеза підходів до побудови стратегії і практики зовнішньої політики України під час президентських каденцій Л. Кравчука, Л. Кучми, В. Ющенка, В. Януковича, П. Порошенка та В. Зеленського. Розглядаються внутрішні та зовнішні чинники впливу на основні зовнішньополітичні рішення, які приймалися керівництвом України упродовж періоду від 1991 р. дотепер, наявні та потенційні наслідки цих рішень для держави і центральноєвропейського регіону у ближній та довгостроковій перспективах. Особливу увагу приділено коригуванню З. Бжезінським власних ідей та настанов щодо зовнішньополітичних пріоритетів України під дією глобальних і регіональних політичних процесів, зокрема – агресії Росії у 2014 р. та реакцією колективного Заходу на неї. Взято до уваги оцінку зовнішньополітичних рішень України провідними аналітиками та міжнародними експертними інституціями, як у контексті їх впливу на актуальну міжнародно-політичну ситуацію, так і під кутом зору реалізації геополітичних прогнозів і рекомендацій З. Бжезінського. Розглянуто перспективи застосування елементів його міжнародно-політичної парадигми до реалізації зовнішньої політики України через призму впливу повномасштабного вторгнення Росії на динаміку і напрямки геополітичних процесів в Європі і світі.
ЦИФРОВА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ЯК ДРАЙВЕР ПІСЛЯВОЄННОГО ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ПРОМИСЛОВИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: ТРУБНІКОВ Артем
Published: February 2025

Післявоєнне відновлення України вимагає комплексних змін у промисловості, особливо в управлінні підприємствами. Одним із ключових чинників успішного відродження є цифрова трансформація менеджменту. Впровадження цифрових технологій у промислові підприємства дозволяє підвищити ефективність управлінських процесів, оптимізувати виробництво, зменшити витрати та зробити бізнес стійкішим до зовнішніх викликів. Метою цієї статті є аналіз ролі цифрової трансформації менеджменту у відбудові промислових підприємств України та визначення ключових напрямів і технологій, що сприятимуть їх ефективному розвитку.Українська промисловість є однією з ключових галузей економіки, що забезпечує значну частку ВВП країни та створює робочі місця. Проте через військові дії, економічні потрясіння та руйнування інфраструктури багато підприємств зазнали серйозних втрат. Незважаючи на ці виклики, відбувається поступове відновлення виробничих потужностей, модернізація процесів та інтеграція сучасних технологій.
Easing Optimization Paths: a Circuit Perspective
Authors: Odonnat Ambroise , Bouaziz Wassim , Cabannes Vivien
Published: February 2025

Gradient descent is the method of choice for training large artificial intelligence systems. As these systems become larger, a better understanding of the mechanisms behind gradient training would allow us to alleviate compute costs and help steer these systems away from harmful behaviors. To that end, we suggest utilizing the circuit perspective brought forward by mechanistic interpretability. After laying out our intuition, we illustrate how it enables us to design a curriculum for efficient learning in a controlled setting. The code is available at https://github.com/facebookresearch/pal.
LLM as HPC Expert: Extending RAG Architecture for HPC Data
Authors: Miyashita Yusuke , Tung Patrick Kin Man , Barthelemy Johan
Published: February 2025

High-Performance Computing (HPC) is crucial for performing advanced computational tasks, yet their complexity often challenges users, particularly those unfamiliar with HPC-specific commands and workflows. This paper introduces Hypothetical Command Embeddings (HyCE), a novel method that extends Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) by integrating real-time, user-specific HPC data, enhancing accessibility to these systems. HyCE enriches large language models (LLM) with real-time, user-specific HPC information, addressing the limitations of fine-tuned models on such data. We evaluate HyCE using an automated RAG evaluation framework, where the LLM itself creates synthetic questions from the HPC data and serves as a judge, assessing the efficacy of the extended RAG with the evaluation metrics relevant for HPC tasks. Additionally, we tackle essential security concerns, including data privacy and command execution risks, associated with deploying LLMs in HPC environments. This solution provides a scalable and adaptable approach for HPC clusters to leverage LLMs as HPC expert, bridging the gap between users and the complex systems of HPC.
The Role of Feedforward and Feedback Inhibition in Modulating Theta-Gamma Cross-Frequency Interactions
Authors: Chalkiadakis Dimitrios , Sánchez-Claros Jaime , López-Madrona Víctor J , Canals Santiago , Mirasso Claudio R.
Published: February 2025

Interactions among oscillatory brain rhythms play a crucial role in organizing neuronal firing sequences during specific cognitive functions. In memory formation, the coupling between the phase of the theta rhythm and the amplitude of gamma oscillations has been extensively studied in the hippocampus. Prevailing perspectives suggest that the phase of the slower oscillation modulates the fast activity. However, recent metrics, such as Cross-Frequency Directionality (CFD), indicate that these electrophysiological interactions can be bidirectional. In this computational study, we demonstrate that the connectivity structure of common neural motifs crucially determines interaction directionality. Specifically, we found that feedforward inhibition modeled by a theta-modulated ING (Interneuron Network Gamma) mechanism induces fast-to-slow interactions, while feedback inhibition through a PING (Pyramidal Interneuron Network Gamma) model drives slow-to-fast interactions. Importantly, in circuits combining both feedforward and feedback motifs, as commonly found experimentally, directionality is modulated by synaptic strength within realistic ranges, with the feedforward recruitment of inhibitory basket cells playing a critical role in directionality. Finally, we report that each theta-gamma interaction scheme, determined by the balance between feedforward and feedback inhibition, prioritizes distinct modes of information transmission and integration, adding computational flexibility. Our results offer a plausible neurobiological interpretation for cross-frequency directionality measurements associated with the activation of different underlying motifs that serve distinct computational needs.
Azo Compounds and their Potential Applications: Article Review
Authors: Al-Majdi Zainab Radhi , Al-Dahhan Wedad Hamad , Shihab Mehdi Salih , Nazari Mehdi Honarvar
Published: February 2025

A review of the existing body of literature about azo compounds and their practical applications. Azo compounds, which include a (-N=N-) group, serve as the fundamental structure for several produced compounds in different fields of chemistry, particularly coordination chemistry. These compounds are extensively utilized as coloring agents, as they account for around fifty percent of synthetic colors. Azo compounds are a significant class of chemicals with different applications in various fields of life. Due to the wide variety of their applications, it is essential to possess different synthesis techniques in order to get new azo derivatives with high yields. The main viable techniques for synthesizing azo compounds are diazotization and azo coupling reactions. Azo compounds have diverse uses in areas including anticancer, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial activities. In addition, it has several additional uses such as coloring fiber, printing systems, photo-electronics, polymer additives, and storage, and providing resistance to solvents, water, light, and weather.
Justification of the design of an aerodynamic separator for cleaning sunflower seed mixture waste
Authors:   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Koshulko Vitalii , Kudriavtsev Ihor ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University
Published: February 2025

The aim of the research is to substantiate the structural and technological scheme of an aerodynamic separator for cleaning waste from sunflower seed mixtures, ensuring the separation of elongated particles based on their specific weight and morphometric characteristics. This is achieved by modifying the formation of pseudo-fluidized layers and the sequence of applying the principles of pseudo-fluidized flow generation. A method for separating bulk mixtures in a two-stage environment has been proposed. It includes the gravitational feeding of particles, increasing vibro-inertial impact, pseudo-fluidized medium generation, and the removal of dense fractions. The second stage involves separation through the sequential application of vibro-inertial and pneumatic methods of pseudo-fluidized medium generation, the use of a suspended layer, and the creation of a low-concentration layer. The structural and technological scheme of a column-type separator has been substantiated. Numerical modeling of the separation process of seed waste components in the rarefaction chamber allowed for the determination of motion trajectories and component distribution. The obtained dependencies include the distance between the peaks of husk and fine particle distributions (Δy) as a function of the effective diameter (Dp), feed rate (Va), and the curvature radius of the upper edge of the chamber (R). The optimal factor values are: for Dp = 0.005 m → Va = 3.21 m/s, R = 0.055 m; for Dp = 0.010 m → Va = 3.35 m/s, R = 0.056 m; for Dp = 0.015 m → Va = 3.49 m/s, R = 0.054 m. The average distance between distribution peaks is Δy = 0.443 m. Based on modeling and validated parameters, an experimental prototype of the column-type aerodynamic separator was developed and implemented in production at LLC «NVO Sorting Machines».
Criteria for Selecting Heavy Vehicles for Efficient and Safe Transportation
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Aulin Viktor , Tertytsia Oleksii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Nadych Taras ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Hrynkiv Andrii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Lyashuk Oleh ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyuy, Gud Viktor ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyuy, Zalutsky Serhii ,   VSP "Ternopil Professional College of TNTU named after I. Pulyuy"
Published: February 2025

The work defines the stages of solving the problem of choosing heavy-duty vehicles for the effective and safe transportation of the enterprise's products. Technical, organizational and economic (market) criteria for choosing vehicles are formed and substantiated.
The equipment of heavy-duty vehicles was carried out in compliance with the overall dimensions and weight parameters in empty and loaded states. At the same time, the requirements for limiting the load on the axle were taken into account. The advantages of different types of equipment were clarified: curtain, open-sided, van/refrigerator. When choosing heavy-duty vehicles, their technical features and the possible location of the cargo in the body during container transportation were taken into account. Various equipment options (nine options) are presented. With different methods of placing cargo, deductions were made from the location of the center of gravity.
A diagram of the positioning of the center of gravity of a road train at maximum load was obtained. Possible options and methods of transporting cargo without overloading the axle and exceeding the permissible total weight limit were substantiated. In cases of violation of permissible limits of axial loads and exceeding the permissible mass of a heavy-duty vehicle, a set of regression equations was obtained to estimate the amount of damage. Graphical representations of regression dependencies were presented. A mechanism for solving the problem of selecting heavy-duty vehicles based on their technical readiness, organizational support and economic efficiency was developed. A ranking (layered) arrangement of vehicles for the effective transportation of finished products of the enterprise was carried out. Three of the nine options were selected that are most effectively suitable for the implementation of transportation of finished products from the enterprise of ZAO "Kirovogradgranit".
Adaptive Methodology for Computing the Quantitative Security Status Indicator of Web Applications
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Revniuk Oleksandr , Zagorodna Nataliya ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Ulichev Oleksandr ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: February 2025

This article proposes an adaptive methodology for quantitative security assessment of web applications based on standardized requirements from the OWASP Application Security Verification Standard (ASVS). This methodology takes into account various aspects of website security, including authentication, authorization, data protection, input handling, and others.
The proposed approach allows obtaining quantitative metrics for the level of compliance with each requirement, thus ensuring objectivity and transparency of the evaluation process for both auditors and web application owners. The use of clearly defined numerical metrics facilitates unambiguous interpretation of results and avoids subjectivity in determining the security level of a web application. Based on the analysis of OWASP ASVS requirements, a relevant subset of requirements was formed to assess the security of websites of varying complexity. It was assumed that the expert conducting the assessment possesses the necessary technical competencies and has access to web application development documentation. For each requirement, a structured set of criteria was developed with clearly defined evaluation rules to obtain quantitative indicators. A system of weight coefficients was introduced to determine the significance of each criterion and requirement, and their normalization was performed. The weight coefficients of requirements are established considering the functionality, website architecture, and availability of access to technical documentation or source code. To ensure methodology adaptivity, the auditor has the ability to modify any weight coefficients.
The implementation of an adaptive approach to security assessment allows forming individual requirements based on architecture and functionality of a web application by adjusting weight coefficients. This flexible model ensures more accurate results that reflect the website's actual security state.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence Into Decision Support Systems in Optimizing Production Processes of a Machine-Building Enterprise Using the Example of maChine Learning
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Boiko Roman , Aulin Viktor ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Tykhyi Andrii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Karpushyn Serhii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Koval Oleh ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: February 2025

This article provides a comprehensive overview of decision support systems based on artificial intelligence within the context of Industry 4.0. The integration approaches and data processing methods, as well as key machine learning and deep learning techniques, which form the technological foundation of such systems, are analyzed. The article outlines the architecture, typical implementation stages, and suggests a plan for artificial intelligence integration in a machine-building enterprise, including descriptions of the system components and deployment strategies. Potential challenges and recommendations for successful implementation are also discussed.
The outcomes of this integration can significantly reduce unplanned equipment downtimes, improve production efficiency, and provide enterprises with a substantial competitive advantage. Artificial intelligence, including machine learning and deep learning, enables the automation and acceleration of decision-making processes, detecting hidden patterns and preventing failures before they occur. The article highlights the importance of system architecture, data quality, and organizational factors in the successful deployment of artificial intelligence-based decision support systems. Furthermore, the article proposes a detailed integration plan, starting from data collection and unification to the selection of appropriate algorithms and the design of scalable, secure, and compatible architectures for real-time operations.
The integration of artificial intelligence-based decision support systems in machine-building enterprises can foster significant operational improvements, increase product quality, and optimize resource allocation. Future research may focus on explainable artificial intelligence, blockchain integration, and augmented reality to enhance transparency in supply chains and support personalized decision-making.
Environmental Carrying Capacity and Load Capacity Determination System for Ecosystem Services Management
Authors: Saputra Hery , Tri Hartono Tjahjo , Susetyo Budi , Ningrum Almyanti
Published: February 2025

Sustainable development is a key focus of Indonesia’s policy framework, as mandated by Law No. 32 of 2009 and Government Regulation No. 46 of 2016, which emphasize integrating Environmental Carrying Capacity and Load Capacity (CCLC) into development planning. This study identifies challenges in current CCLC assessments, including limited data accuracy and inconsistent methodologies. To address these issues, an innovative Environmental CCLC Determination System is proposed, integrating ecosystem services and advanced spatial modeling. The research methodology combines a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews to analyze existing practices and design the system. The proposed system incorporates decision support tools and spatial data analysis to provide a scientifically grounded, unbiased, and accessible framework for policymakers. Initial implementation will involve collaboration with academic experts, universities, and local governments, particularly in Bogor Regency and Bogor City. The system is expected to significantly enhance regional planning and environmental stewardship by the end of the 2025–2030 development period, aligning policies with sustainable development goals.
Barriers to Green Job Growth in Indonesia: Insights on Economic, Educational, and Social Challenges
Authors: Sayaza Mas Davino , Tri Hartono Tjahjo
Published: February 2025

This study examines the barriers to green job development in Indonesia, focusing on economic, educational, and societal dimensions. Using a literature review methodology, the research synthesizes findings from academic studies, policy reports, and government publications to identify key challenges. Economic barriers include insufficient investment, inadequate fiscal incentives, and limited financial access for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Educational barriers highlight a lack of targeted training programs, insufficient integration of sustainability in curricula, and disparities in access to education in rural areas. Societal barriers are reflected in low public awareness, negative perceptions of green jobs, and limited inclusion of marginalized communities. These challenges constrain the growth of green industries and limit workforce readiness for emerging sectors. The study concludes that addressing these barriers requires coordinated efforts, such as enhancing investments, reforming education systems, and fostering societal engagement.