bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Situ Determination of the Transport Properties of Near-Surface Concrete Using AC Impedance Spectroscopy Techniques
Authors: Wu Lipeng , Dai Peng , Li Yong
Published: November 2016

The durability of existing concrete structures has increasingly attracted widespread attention in recent years. The phenomenon of performance degradation is often associated with the intrusion of hazardous ions from outside. As the first barrier to external substances intrusion, the near-surface concrete plays an important role in durability. So the performance of in-service concrete structures often depends on the transport properties of the near-surface concrete. Accordingly, information on service conditions and life prediction can be obtained by testing these transport properties. In this paper, an in situ method for chloride ion diffusion coefficient determination is proposed based on the relationship between the alternating current impedance spectroscopy parameters and the chloride ion diffusion coefficient. By a rational design, the new method can synthetically reflect the transport properties of near-surface concrete and is not affected by the presence of the reinforcing bar. In addition, the experimental results show that the method is in good agreement with “PERMIT” migration test which has been widely used. The proposed method is less time consuming and nondestructive and has good reproducibility.
Cloud Model Approach for Lateral Control of Intelligent Vehicle Systems
Authors: Gao Hongbo , Zhang Xinyu , Liu Yuchao , Li Deyi
Published: November 2016

Studies on intelligent vehicles, among which the controlling method of intelligent vehicles is a key technique, have drawn the attention of industry and the academe. This study focuses on designing an intelligent lateral control algorithm for vehicles at various speeds, formulating a strategy, introducing the Gauss cloud model and the cloud reasoning algorithm, and proposing a cloud control algorithm for calculating intelligent vehicle lateral offsets. A real vehicle test is applied to explain the implementation of the algorithm. Empirical results show that if the Gauss cloud model and the cloud reasoning algorithm are applied to calculate the lateral control offset and the vehicles drive at different speeds within a direction control area of ±7°, a stable control effect is achieved.
Silicon Nanowires with MoSxand Pt as Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Hsieh S. H. , Ho S. T. , Chen W. J.
Published: November 2016

A convenient method was used for synthesizing Pt-nanoparticle/MoSx/silicon nanowires nanocomposites. Obtained Pt-MoSx/silicon nanowires electrocatalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hydrogen evolution reaction efficiency of the Pt-MoSx/silicon nanowire nanocomposite catalysts was assessed by examining polarization and electrolysis measurements under solar light irradiations. The electrochemical characterizations demonstrate that Pt-MoSx/silicon nanowire electrodes exhibited an excellent catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction in an acidic electrolyte. The hydrogen production capability of Pt-MoSx/silicon nanowires is also comparable toMoSx/silicon nanowires and Pt/silicon nanowires. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments suggest that the enhanced performance of Pt-MoSx/silicon nanowires can be attributed to the fast electron transfer between Pt-MoSx/silicon nanowire electrodes and electrolyte interfaces.
Multiattribute Assessment of Consumables for TIG Welding of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Baghel P. K. , Nagesh D. S.
Published: November 2016

Consumable materials for welding processes such as filler alloy, electrode, and shielding gas have major implications in welding technology. Selecting the appropriate set of consumable materials for welding aluminum alloys from various available alternates gives rise to a significant decision making problem. This study proposes a strategic justification tool based on integrated analytical hierarchy process, technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (AHP-TOPSIS), to screen and select the best possible combination of filler alloy, electrode, and shielding gas for TIG welding. Based on qualitative analysis of available alternates, ER5356 filler alloys and 0.8% zirconiated electrode are selected as suitable consumable in combination with pure argon as shielding gas. The proposed result is experimentally validated using mechanical property testing.
A Dual-Band Multiple Input Multiple Output Frequency Agile Antenna for GPSL1/Wi-Fi/WLAN2400/LTE Applications
Authors: Aqeel Sajid , Jamaluddin M. H. , Khan Aftab Ahmad , Khan Rizwan , Kamarudin M. R. , Kazim Jalil-ur-Rehman , Owais Owais
Published: November 2016

A novel dual-band, single element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with a modest frequency tuning ability is presented in this communication. The proposed antenna operates at GPS L1/Bluetooth/Wi-Fi/LTE2500/WLAN2400 frequency bands. A single dielectric resonator element is fed by two coaxial probes to excite the orthogonal modes. A couple of slots are introduced on the ground plane to improve the isolation between antenna ports. The slots also serve the purpose of reconfiguration in the lower band on placement of switches at optimized locations. The measured impedance bandwidth is 5.16% (1.41–1.49 GHz) in the lower band and 26% (2.2–2.85 GHz) in the higher band. The lower band reconfigures with an impedance bandwidth of 6.5% (1.55–1.65 GHz) when PIN diodes are switched ON. The gain, efficiency, correlation coefficient, and diversity gain of the MIMO DRA are presented with a close agreement between simulated and measured results.
A DFT Study of Some Structural and Spectral Properties of 4-Methoxyacetophenone Thiosemicarbazone and Its Complexes with Some Transition Metal Chlorides: Potent Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Ghogomu Julius Numbonui , Nkungli Nyiang Kennet
Published: November 2016

Recent studies have shown that 4-methoxyacetophenone thiosemicarbazone (MAPTSC) and its complexes with some transition metal chlorides are potent antimicrobial agents. To deepen the understanding of their structure-activity relationships necessary for rational drug design, their structural and spectral properties, along with thione-thiol tautomerism of MAPTSC, have been studied herein using the density functional theory (DFT). From our results, the thione tautomer of MAPTSC is more stable than the thiol counterpart in ethanolic solution, and thione-to-thiol tautomerization is highly precluded at ambient temperature (25°C) by a high barrier height ≈46.41 kcal/mol. MAPTSC can therefore exist as a mixture of the thione (major) and thiol (minor) tautomers in ethanolic solution at room and higher temperatures. Conformational analysis has revealed five possible conformers of the thione tautomer, of which two are stable enough to be isolated at 25°C. Based on our computed values of MAPTSC-metal(II) binding energies, enthalpies, and Gibbs free energies, the thione tautomer of MAPTSC exhibits a higher affinity for the d8 metal ions Ni(II), Pd(II), and Pt(II) and can therefore efficiently chelate them in chemical and biological systems. Natural population analysis has revealed ligand-metal charge transfer in the MAPTSC complexes studied. A good agreement has been found between calculated and experimentally observed spectral properties (IR, UV-Vis, and NMR).
Transcriptional Induction of Periostin by a Sulfatase 2–TGFβ1–SMAD Signaling Axis Mediates Tumor Angiogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Gang , Nakamura Ikuo , Dhanasekaran Renumathy , Iguchi Eriko , Tolosa Ezequiel J. , Romecin Paola A. , Vera Renzo E. , Almada Luciana L. , Miamen Alexander G. , Chaiteerakij Roongruedee , Zhou Mengtao , Asiedu Michael K. , Moser Catherine D. , Han Shaoshan , Hu Chunling , Banini Bubu A. , Oseini Abdul M. , Chen Yichun , Fang Yong , Yang Dongye , Shaleh Hassan M. , Wang Shaoqing , Wu Dehai , Song Tao , Lee Ju-Seog , Thorgeirsson Snorri S. , Chevet Eric , Shah Vijay H. , Fernandez-Zapico Martin E. , Roberts Lewis R.
Published: November 2016

Existing antiangiogenic approaches to treat metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are weakly effectual, prompting further study of tumor angiogenesis in this disease setting. Here, we report a novel role for sulfatase 2 (SULF2) in driving HCC angiogenesis. Sulf2-deficient mice (Sulf2 KO) exhibited resistance to diethylnitrosamine-induced HCC and did not develop metastases like wild-type mice (Sulf2 WT). The smaller and less numerous tumors formed in Sulf2 KO mice exhibited a markedly lower microvascular density. In human HCC cells, SULF2 overexpression increased endothelial proliferation, adhesion, chemotaxis, and tube formation in a paracrine fashion. Mechanistic analyses identified the extracellular matrix protein periostin (POSTN), a ligand of αvβ3/5 integrins, as an effector protein in SULF2-induced angiogenesis. POSTN silencing in HCC cells attenuated SULF2-induced angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo. The TGFβ1/SMAD pathway was identified as a critical signaling axis between SULF2 and upregulation of POSTN transcription. In clinical HCC specimens, elevated levels of SULF2 correlated with increased microvascular density, POSTN levels, and relatively poorer patient survival. Together, our findings define an important axis controlling angiogenesis in HCC and a mechanistic foundation for rational drug development. Cancer Res; 77(3); 632–45. ©2016 AACR.
Macrophage-Secreted TNFα and TGFβ1 Influence Migration Speed and Persistence of Cancer Cells in 3D Tissue Culture via Independent Pathways
Authors: Li Ran , Hebert Jess D. , Lee Tara A. , Xing Hao , Boussommier-Calleja Alexandra , Hynes Richard O. , Lauffenburger Douglas A. , Kamm Roger D.
Published: November 2016

The ability of a cancer cell to migrate through the dense extracellular matrix within and surrounding the solid tumor is a critical determinant of metastasis. Macrophages enhance invasion and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment, but the basis for their effects is not fully understood. Using a microfluidic 3D cell migration assay, we found that the presence of macrophages enhanced the speed and persistence of cancer cell migration through a 3D extracellular matrix in a matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-dependent fashion. Mechanistic investigations revealed that macrophage-released TNFα and TGFβ1 mediated the observed behaviors by two distinct pathways. These factors synergistically enhanced migration persistence through a synergistic induction of NF-κB–dependent MMP1 expression in cancer cells. In contrast, macrophage-released TGFβ1 enhanced migration speed primarily by inducing MT1-MMP expression. Taken together, our results reveal new insights into how macrophages enhance cancer cell metastasis, and they identify TNFα and TGFβ1 dual blockade as an antimetastatic strategy in solid tumors. Cancer Res; 77(2); 279–90. ©2016 AACR.
Conflicting Signals for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Sujobert Pierre , Trautmann Alain
Published: November 2016

Next-generation sequencing technologies have provided us with a precise description of the mutational burden of cancers, making it possible to identify targetable oncogene addictions. However, the emergence of resistant clones is an inevitable limitation of therapies targeting these addictions. Alternative approaches to cancer treatment are therefore required. We propose here a novel approach, based on the notion of conflicting signals and on a phenotypic description of cancer cells. “Phenotype” is an inherently complex notion that we describe in the conceptual framework of the epigenetic landscape, with a view to bridging the gap between theory and practice at the patient's bedside. By passing from theory to the description of several examples, we will illustrate how this approach can facilitate data analysis and the design of new strategies for cancer treatment. Cancer Res; 76(23); 6768–73. ©2016 AACR.
Menin and Daxx Interact to Suppress Neuroendocrine Tumors through Epigenetic Control of the Membrane Metallo-Endopeptidase
Authors: Feng Zijie , Wang Lei , Sun Yanmei , Jiang Zongzhe , Domsic John , An Chiying , Xing Bowen , Tian Jingjing , Liu Xiuheng , Metz David C. , Yang Xiaolu , Marmorstein Ronen , Ma Xiaosong , Hua Xianxin
Published: November 2016

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) often harbor loss-of-function mutations in the MEN1 and DAXX tumor suppressor genes. Here, we report that the products of these genes, menin and Daxx, interact directly with each other to suppress the proliferation of NET cells, to a large degree by inhibiting expression of the membrane metallo-endopeptidase (MME). Menin and Daxx were required to enhance histone H3 lysine9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) at the MME promoter, as mediated partly by the histone H3 methyltransferase SUV39H1. Notably, the menin T429K mutation associated with a NET syndrome reduced Daxx binding, MME repression, and proliferation of NET cells. Conversely, inhibition of MME in NET cells repressed proliferation and tumor growth in vivo. Our findings reveal a previously unappreciated cross-talk between two crucial tumor suppressor genes thought to work by independent pathways, focusing on MME as a common target of menin/Daxx to treat NET. Cancer Res; 77(2); 401–11. ©2016 AACR.
Rapid and Continued T-Cell Differentiation into Long-term Effector and Memory Stem Cells in Vaccinated Melanoma Patients
Authors: Gannon Philippe O. , Baumgaertner Petra , Huber Alexandre , Iancu Emanuela M. , Cagnon Laurène , Abed Maillard Samia , Maby-El Hajjami Hélène , Speiser Daniel E. , Rufer Nathalie
Published: November 2016

Purpose: Patients with cancer benefit increasingly from T-cell–based therapies, such as adoptive T-cell transfer, checkpoint blockade, or vaccination. We have previously shown that serial vaccinations with Melan-AMART-126-35 peptide, CpG-B, and incomplete Freund adjuvant (IFA) generated robust tumor-specific CD8 T-cell responses in patients with melanoma. Here, we describe the detailed kinetics of early- and long-term establishment of T-cell frequency, differentiation (into memory and effector cells), polyfunctionality, and clonotype repertoire induced by vaccination.

Experimental Design: Twenty-nine patients with melanoma were treated with multiple monthly subcutaneous vaccinations consisting of CpG-B, and either the native/EAA (n = 13) or the analogue/ELA (n = 16) Melan-AMART-126-35 peptide emulsified in IFA. Phenotypes and functionality of circulating Melan-A–specific CD8 T cells were assessed directly ex vivo by multiparameter flow cytometry, and TCR clonotypes were determined ex vivo by mRNA transcript analyses of individually sorted cells.

Results: Our results highlight the determining impact of the initial vaccine injections on the rapid and strong induction of differentiated effector T cells in both patient cohorts. Moreover, long-term polyfunctional effector T-cell responses were associated with expansion of stem cell–like memory T cells over time along vaccination. Dominant TCR clonotypes emerged early and persisted throughout the entire period of observation. Interestingly, one highly dominant clonotype was found shared between memory and effector subsets.

Conclusions: Peptide/CpG-B/IFA vaccination induced powerful long-term T-cell responses with robust effector cells and stem cell-like memory cells. These results support the further development of CpG-B–based cancer vaccines, either alone or as specific component of combination therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 23(13); 3285–96. ©2016 AACR.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВНІСТЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ НОВІТНІХ ТА “ЗАБУТИХ” МЕТОДІВ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГІЇ У ВИЩІЙ ШКОЛІ
Authors: Voloshchuk N. I. , Pashynska O. S. , Hrymalovska O. V.
Published: November 2016

У статті розглянуті роль та місце деяких прийомів запам’ятовування великої кількості матеріалу на кафедрі фармакології Вінницького національного медичного університету ім. М. І. Пирогова як дієвої допоміжної форми для збільшення обсягу пам’яті, засвоєння студентами знань, набуття умінь та навичок навчального процесу. Запропоновані мнемотехнічні методи, одним із яких є акроніми, органічно вписуються в педагогічний процес, сприяють економії часу студентів, доповнюють та урізноманітнюють викладання, а також відповідають умовам педагогічного середовища вищих навчальних закладів.
ОСНОВНІ АСПЕКТИ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ФАХОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МОЛОДШОГО МЕДИЧНОГО СПЕЦІАЛІСТА, ЗДАТНОГО ДО БЕЗПЕРЕРВНОГО ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО САМОВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ
Authors: Solodovnyk O. V.
Published: November 2016

У статті наголошено на актуальності проблеми фахової підготовки молодшого медичного спеціаліста, здатного до безперервного професійного самовдосконалення, визначено основні пріоритети вдосконалення фахової підготовки молодшого медичного спеціаліста: інноваційна організація навчально-виховного процесу, формування фахових компетенцій студента, професіоналізм викладача медичного коледжу, креативні підходи до створення сприятливого освітнього середовища. Акцентовано увагу на ключових заходах, формах та методах фахової підготовки молодшого медичного спеціаліста відповідно до пріоритету.
ПРОФЕСІЙНИЙ ПОРТРЕТ ВИКЛАДАЧА ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В МЕДИЧНОМУ І ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОМУ ВНЗ
Authors: Bіelenichev I. F. , Morhuntsova S. A. , Ryzhov O. A. , Bukhtiyarova N. V. , Нorbachova S. V. , Ryzhenko V. P.
Published: November 2016

У статті окреслено необхідність і проблеми підготовки викладачів медичних та фармацевтичних вищих навчальних закладів з дистанційної форми навчання. Сформульовано необхідні заходи, які необхідно провести для створення організаційно-методичних підходів підготовки викладачів. Висвітлено модель дистанційного курсу підвищення кваліфікації з підготовки викладача дистанційного навчання, яка впроваджується у Запорізькому державному медичному університеті й розроблена на кафедрі медичної та фармацевтичної інформатики.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ВИБОРУ СТУДЕНТІВ-ПРОВІЗОРІВ
Authors: Velyka A. Ya. , Perepelytsia O. O.
Published: November 2016

У статті висвітлено чинники професійного самовизначення студентів-провізорів на етапі професійного навчання. Пріоритетними у виборі професії є соціальні та суб’єктивні чинники. Респонденти у виборі професії зустрілись з проблемами: впливу позиції батьків, необґрунтованістю вибору професії, недостатньою інформованістю про майбутню діяльність, захопленням зовнішньою стороною професії. Особливiстю професійного самовизначення провізорів є низька активність суб’єкта самовизначення. Найадекватнішим підходом до надання допомоги молодій людині у період професійного вибору є психолого-педагогічний супровід, який сприяє створенню внутрішніх умов професійного самовизначення.
НАУКОВО-МЕТОДИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГІЇ ЛІКАРСЬКИХ ЗАСОБІВ, ЩО ВПЛИВАЮТЬ НА ПРОЦЕСИ ЗГОРТАННЯ КРОВІ
Authors: Voloshchuk N. I. , Denysіuk O. M. , Danylchuk V. V. , Bihovshchyts S. V.
Published: November 2016

Швидкий розвиток фармакологічної науки та поява нових лікарських засобів вимагають постійної зміни програмного матеріалу і вдосконалення методичних підходів до викладання цього матеріалу майбутнім лікарям. Метa роботи – виділити підходи до викладання одного з найбільш складних та важливих розділів фармакології – “Засоби, що впливають на згортання крові” студентам 3-го курсу медичного факультету й 2-го курсу стоматологічного факультету. Аналіз  педагогічного досвіду викладачів кафедри фармакології Вінницького національного медичного університету та літературних даних показав, що оптимальним є комплексний підхід. Він включає надання інформації викладачем на лекційних і практичних заняттях (пояснювально-ілюстративний метод), активний самостійний пошук інформації студентом (репродуктивний, проблемний, евристичний методи), а також інноваційні та нетрадиційні методи навчання (наприклад, фармакологічна вікторина). Принцип “від простого до складного”  при збереженні послідовності дидактичних підходів викладання, а також правильна організація аудиторної та позааудиторної самостійної роботи студентів дозволяють отримати стабільні і глибокі знання та вміння, навчити його працювати самостійно.
СУЧАСНІ МЕТОДИ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОЇ ХІМІЇ
Authors: Kryvoshey O. V.
Published: November 2016

Прагнення наблизити національний стандарт освіти до рівня загальноєвропейського стандарту вищої освіти шляхом впровадження Болонського процесу мотивує професорсько-викладацький склад кафедри фармацевтичної хімії Запорізького державного медичного університету впроваджувати інтерактивні методи навчання. Одними з методів, які добре зарекомендували себе і використовуються на наших заняттях, є методи “мозкового штурму”, “дискусії”, ролеві ігри тощо.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ КЕЙС-МЕТОДУ У ФАХОВІЙ ПІДГОТОВЦІ СТУДЕНТІВ-ІНОЗЕМЦІВ НА КАФЕДРІ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧНОЇ СТОМАТОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Levkiv I. S.
Published: November 2016

У статті наведено особливості викладання дисципліни за допомогою кейс-методу навчання, при якому роль викладача в цьому процесі посідає головне місце. Викладач мотивує навчальну діяльність студентів, спонукає їх до навчання, організовує навчальний процес таким чином, щоб він мав максимальний ефект. Готуючи практичне заняття з іноземними студентами, викладач повинен ретельно продумати структуру заняття, окреслити проблему та її розв’язання, навчити студента творчо підходити до вивчення та засвоєння матеріалу, вміло користуватися набутими знаннями, а не лише надати студентові певний обсяг практичних навичок.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-МЕТОДИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ІНОЗЕМНИМ АНГЛОМОВНИМ СТУДЕНТАМ НА ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОМУ ФАКУЛЬТЕТІ ОДЕСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО МЕДИЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ
Authors: Prylypko N. A. , Vyshnytska I. V. , Unhurian L. M. , Bielyaieva O. I.
Published: November 2016

У статті розглянуто актуальні питання викладання дисципліни “Етика та деонтологія у фармації” іноземцям, які навчаються на фармацевтичному факультеті Одеського національного медичного університету англійською мовою. Проаналізовано організаційно-методичні особливості викладання англомовним студентам, визначено значення рольових ігор у структурі заняття.
ДОСВІД ПІДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТІВ ДО УЧАСТІ У ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКІЙ СТУДЕНТСЬКІЙ ОЛІМПІАДІ З КЛІНІЧНОЇ ІМУНОЛОГІЇ ТА АЛЕРГОЛОГІЇ (підсумки викладачів та погляд студентів)
Authors: Rodionova V. V. , Kovalenko O. M. , Nіkolayenko-Kamyshova T. P. , Sobko S. V. , Khmel O. S.
Published: November 2016

У роботі представлено узагальнення досвіду з проведення І етапу студентської олімпіади з клінічної імунології та алергології в рамках підготовки студентів до участі в ІІ етапі Всеукраїнської студентської олімпіади.  Метою проведеної роботи було показати можливі шляхи підвищення навчальної мотивації студентів та якості навчання на клінічному циклі. На кафедрі внутрішньої медицини № 2 та профпатології  ДЗ “Дніпропетровська медична академія МОЗ України” протягом 3-х років проводиться І етап Всеукраїнської студентської олімпіади, в якій беруть участь студенти 5, 6 курсів. Описано етапи, які входять  до програми внутрішньовузівської олімпіади. У висновках надаються рекомендації: проведення фахової олімпіади надає змогу підвести підсумки роботи з викладання дисципліни “Клінічна імунологія та алергологія”; змагання сприяють виконанню мети і головного завдання вузу і кожного викладача – підвищення якості підготовки кваліфікованих спеціалістів; проведення І етапу та підготовку до ІІ етапу Всеукраїнської студентської олімпіади бажано здійснювати із залученням провідних фахівців - практичних лікарів, що надає змогу студентам отримати не тільки глибокі теоретичні знання, але й  практичний досвід, що загалом сприяє самоствердженню студентів та підвищенню науково-практичного потенціалу студентського корпусу.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ “РІВНІВ НАВЧАННЯ” ДЛЯ ОЦІНКИ ЗНАНЬ СТУДЕНТІВ НА ЦИКЛІ “ПСИХІАТРІЯ. НАРКОЛОГІЯ”
Authors: Spіrіna I. D. , Rokutov S. V. , Tymofieiev R. M. , Shornіkov A. V.
Published: November 2016

Статтю присвячено проблемі теоретичного обґрунтування оцінювання знань студентів з дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія” за допомогою методики “рівнів навчання” за В. П. Беспалько. Наводяться практичні результати досвіду впровадження в навчальний процес означеної методики. Окреслюються подальші перспективи та доцільність впровадження методики, враховуючи необхідність формування компетенцій у майбутніх лікарів.
РОЛЬ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ МЕРЕЖ У ДИСТАНЦІЙНІЙ ОСВІТІ ЛІКАРІВ НА ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОМУ ЕТАПІ
Authors: Kolesnyk M. Yu. , Kachan I. S.
Published: November 2016

Стаття висвітлює досвід використання соціальних мереж як інтерактивної платформи для дистанційного навчання лікарів-інтернів та випускників кафедри сімейної медицини, терапії та кардіології факультету післядипломної освіти Запорізького державного медичного університету. Описано структуру та принципи функціонування створених сторінок у мережах “Facebook” і “Вконтакте”, основні форми та засоби навчання, шляхи інтерактивної взаємодії, переваги цього варіанта дистанційної освіти за фахом “Загальна практика – сімейна медицина” і “Внутрішні хвороби” над іншими на післядипломному етапі.
Plasma Metabolomics Implicates Modified Transfer RNAs and Altered Bioenergetics in the Outcomes of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Rhodes Christopher J. , Ghataorhe Pavandeep , Wharton John , Rue-Albrecht Kevin C. , Hadinnapola Charaka , Watson Geoffrey , Bleda Marta , Haimel Matthias , Coghlan Gerry , Corris Paul A. , Howard Luke S. , Kiely David G. , Peacock Andrew J. , Pepke-Zaba Joanna , Toshner Mark R. , Wort S. John , Gibbs J. Simon R. , Lawrie Allan , Gräf Stefan , Morrell Nicholas W. , Wilkins Martin R.
Published: November 2016

Background:

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a heterogeneous disorder with high mortality.

Methods:

We conducted a comprehensive study of plasma metabolites using ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to identify patients at high risk of early death, to identify patients who respond well to treatment, and to provide novel molecular insights into disease pathogenesis.

Results:

Fifty-three circulating metabolites distinguished well-phenotyped patients with idiopathic or heritable PAH (n=365) from healthy control subjects (n=121) after correction for multiple testing (
P
<7.3e-5) and confounding factors, including drug therapy, and renal and hepatic impairment. A subset of 20 of 53 metabolites also discriminated patients with PAH from disease control subjects (symptomatic patients without pulmonary hypertension, n=139). Sixty-two metabolites were prognostic in PAH, with 36 of 62 independent of established prognostic markers. Increased levels of tRNA-specific modified nucleosides (N2,N2-dimethylguanosine, N1-methylinosine), tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (malate, fumarate), glutamate, fatty acid acylcarnitines, tryptophan, and polyamine metabolites and decreased levels of steroids, sphingomyelins, and phosphatidylcholines distinguished patients from control subjects. The largest differences correlated with increased risk of death, and correction of several metabolites over time was associated with a better outcome. Patients who responded to calcium channel blocker therapy had metabolic profiles similar to those of healthy control subjects.

Conclusions:

Metabolic profiles in PAH are strongly related to survival and should be considered part of the deep phenotypic characterization of this disease. Our results support the investigation of targeted therapeutic strategies that seek to address the alterations in translational regulation and energy metabolism that characterize these patients.
The Decline of the Aorist Infinitive in Ancient Greek Declarative Infinitive Clauses
Authors: Kavčič Jerneja
Published: November 2016

It seems established that infinitives used in declarative infinitive clauses (DeclarInfCl) convey relative temporality in Classical Greek, with the aorist infinitive referring to anteriority, the present infinitive to simultaneity, and the future infinitive to posteriority. In Hellenistic/Roman Greek and in Early Byzantine Greek, by comparison, DeclarInfCl do not display the same variety of infinitive forms. These periods appear to avoid the aorist infinitive while manifesting a very common use of perfect infinitives and stative present infinitives in DeclarInfCl. These tendencies stand in a complex relation to other developments in the post-Classical period. This paper accounts for what appears to be the decline of the aorist infinitive in DeclarInfCl, claiming that this phenomenon is most likely related to the perfect infinitive adopting the function of conveying anteriority in DeclarInfCl.
On the “Pleonastic” Usage of Complement Markers in Early Modern Greek
Authors: Karantzola Eleni , Sampanis Konstantinos
Published: November 2016

A syntactic feature that characterizes Early Modern Greek is the “pleonastic” usage of the complement conjunction óti or pos with the mood (“subjunctive”) particle na, as well as the co-presence of the complementisers óti and pos. These co-occurrences are ungrammatical in Modern Greek, while in vernacular Late Medieval and Early Modern Greek texts they are sufficiently attested. In this paper we record a large number of instantiations of the {óti / pos} + na / óti + pos structures in order to trace the conditions of their occurrence; the examples come from extended prose texts of the 16th century as Kartanos’ “Palaia te kai nea Diathiki” (Kakoulidi-Panou 2000) or Morezinos’ “Klini Solomontos” (Kakoulidi-Panou et al. 2007), as well as an anthology of demotic prose texts of 16th century edited by Kakoulidi-Panou, Karantzola & Tiktopoulou (in press).
A Contemporary Muslim Scholar’s Approach to Revelation: Moḥammad Moǧtahed Šabestarī’s Reform Project
Authors: Akbar Ali
Published: November 2016

Over the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, rethinking the traditional understanding of revelation has been welcomed by a number of Muslim scholars. Moḥammad Moǧtahed Šabestarī, an influential Šīʿī reformer from contemporary Iran, certainly falls in the category of such scholars. The aim of this paper is to discuss his theory of revelation for the purpose of exploring the potential values it holds for flexible interpretation of Islam in the present context. The paper argues that Šabestarī’s method of interpretation of the Qurʾān has its roots in his account of revelation. In order to show in practice how Šabestarī’s understanding of the nature of revelation influences the way he approaches the Qurʾān, the paper focuses on three main themes that consistently appear throughout his writings, namely Qurʾānic socio-political provisions, religious pluralism and the relation between state and religion. The paper, in general, provides an insight of how rethinking the classical methods, ideas and approaches can take place within Islamic tradition in the modern period.

À la fin du xxe et début du xxie siècles, le fait de repenser la compréhension traditionnelle de la Révélation fut bien accueilli par un certain nombre de savants musulmans. Moḥammad Moǧtahed Šabestarī, un influent réformateur chiite de l’Iran contemporain, appartient sans nul doute à cette catégorie de savants. Le propos de cet article est d’analyser sa théorie sur la Révélation dans le but d’explorer ses valeurs potentielles pour une interprétation souple de l’islam en fonction du contexte contemporain. L’article démontre que la méthode d’interprétation du Coran de Šabestarī trouve ses racines dans son récit de la Révélation. Afin de montrer concrètement comment la compréhension qu’avait Šabestanī de la nature de la Révélation influence la façon dont il aborde le Coran, l’article se concentre sur trois thèmes principaux qui apparaissent systématiquement dans ses écrits, à savoir les dispositions socio-politiques du Coran, le pluralisme religieux et la relation entre l’État et la religion. D’une manière générale, l’article donne un aperçu de la façon dont le fait de repenser les méthodes, idées et approches classiques peut avoir sa place dans la tradition islamique à l’époque contemporaine.

This article is in English.
The Possibilities of History
Authors: Nolan Daniel
Published: November 2016

Several kinds of historical alternatives are distinguished. Different kinds of historical alternatives are valuable to the practice of history for different reasons. Important uses for historical alternatives include representing different sides of historical disputes; distributing chances of different outcomes over alternatives; and offering explanations of why various alternatives did not in fact happen. Consideration of counterfactuals about what would have happened had things been different in particular ways plays particularly useful roles in reasoning about historical analogues of current conditions; reasoning about causal claims; and in evaluating historical explanations. When evaluating the role of alternative histories in historical thinking, we should keep in mind the uses of historical alternatives that go well beyond the long-term and specific scenarios that are the focus of so-called “counterfactual history”.
Applying D. K. Lewis’s Counterfactual Theory of Causation to the Philosophy of Historiography
Authors: Maar Alexander
Published: November 2016

A theory of causation suitable for historiography must accommodate the many types of causal claims historians make. In this paper, I examine the advantages of applying D. K. Lewis’s counterfactual theory of causation to the philosophy of historiography. I contend that Lewis’s possible world semantics offers a superior framework for making sense of historical causation, and that it lays the foundation for historians to look at history as causal series of events, remaining agnostic as to whether there may be historical regularities or laws. Lewis’s theory can also accommodate important notions often used by historians, such as absences as causes, historical necessity and contingency, and the role they play in the formulation of historical counterfactuals.
My Heart Belongs to Daddy
Authors: Shaw Kurt
Published: November 2016

The article examines George Konrád’s 1989 novel from the point of view of three of the main protagonists: Jeremiah Kadron, a retired translator, his daughter Melinda, and János Dragomán, who left Hungary in the mid-1960s and who has recently returned to Budapest. When the ninety-year old Jeremiah suddenly announces that he is leaving for a trip around the world, he unexpectedly names Dragomán as his literary executor and, moreover, appears to deliberately undermine Melinda’s marriage by placing her and the lady-killer Dragomán in close quarters. While Jeremiah and Dragomán are in several respects very different from each other, a close reading of the text reveals a complex network of similarities between the two men in terms of their life histories, personal habits, political and philosophical attitudes, and even matters of dress. By comparing these shared traits, the article demonstrates how Jeremiah represents a kind of spiritual “father figure” to the younger Dragomán. Moreover, it argues that Jeremiah chooses Dragomán over other possible candidates not only because of the latter’s obvious intellectual prowess, but to a large extent precisely because of those common characteristics, insofar as they make him eminently suitable as a surrogate father/lover to watch over Jeremiah’s daughter in the old man’s absence. Finally, the article explores how Konrád’s pairing of the two men explains to some extent Melinda’s attraction to Dragomán.
The Court of the Grand Prince of Muscovy and the Court of France in the 14th–16th Centuries: Comparing the Incomparable? (Государев двор России и королевский двор Франции в XIV–XVI вв.
Authors: Korzinin A.L. , Shishkin V.V.
Published: November 2016

This study compares the organization, function, and personnel of the royal courts in Muscovy and France in the fourteenth through sixteenth centuries, a period vital to the consolidation of monarchical power in both states. The article traces the rise and parallel development of the ruler’s court in Muscovy and France, and makes the case for significant similarities between the two. In both, membership in the court elite was rooted in similar social and political structures (in Muscovy, membership in the elite was rooted in birth and longtime service to the ruler, while in France it was rooted in birth and proximity to the king), and both courts were positioned in similar ways at the center of politics and religious culture. The similarities between Muscovy and France become especially apparent during the reigns of Ivan IV and Henry III, when both monarchs instituted reforms aimed at strengthening central monarchical power and institutions, and when the rulers were confronting significant centrifugal pressures among the nobility and regional elites. The article argues that the court of the Grand Prince of Muscovy in the second half of fifteenth and first half of the sixteenth centuries was in function, structure, and ritual form very close to that of many other Renaissance courts of Europe, particularly to that of France.
Russian Society at a Provincial Scale
Authors: Smith-Peter Susan , Shevtsov Vyacheslav V.
Published: November 2016

Over the course of the nineteenth century, Russian ideas of society (obshchestvo) shifted from being limited to the noble estate to referring to educated people more broadly. This article is the first to explore how this shift played out on the pages of provincial newspapers (gubernskie vedomosti) in European Russia and Siberia, which were government-run periodicals that included an unofficial section in which local intellectuals could and did discuss the meaning of society at different scales, from the small size of the district to the vastness of Siberia. Russians both ordinary and extraordinary wrote for the provincial newspapers, expressing their views that: 1) nobles were society; 2) nobles should lead and enlighten a broader, multi-estate society; or, 3) society consisted of all educated groups, primarily the nobility and the clergy, but also the merchantry. Envisioning society at a smaller scale allowed the connections between estates to became more evident.
Revision of the West-Palaearctic species of the tribe Cerioidini (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Authors: STEENIS JEROEN VAN , RICARTE ANTONIO , VUJIĆ ANTE , BIRTELE DANIELE , SPEIGHT MARTIN C. D.
Published: November 2016

The West-Palaearctic cerioidines (Syrphidae: Cerioidini) are revised, including species of the genera Ceriana Rafinesque, Primocerioides Shannon, and Sphiximorpha Rondani. Three new species are described, Ceriana glaebosa van Steenis & Ricarte sp. n. (Cyprus), Ceriana media van Steenis & Ricarte sp. n. (Afghanistan and Iran) and Ceriana skevingtoni van Steenis & Ricarte sp. n. (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran). The following names are proposed as junior synonyms: Cerioides caucasicus Paramonov, 1927 [= Ceriana conopsoides (Linnaeus, 1758)], Ceria binominata Verrall, 1901 [= Sphiximorpha garibaldii (Rondani, 1860)], Ceriana worelli, Brădescu, 1972b [= Sphiximorpha garibaldii (Rondani, 1860)] and Sphiximorpha hiemalis Ricarte, Nedeljković & Hancock, 2012 [= Primocerioides regale Violovitsh, 1985]. Identification keys, biological data and distribution maps for the studied taxa are provided. Conops vaginicornis Schrank, 1803 is discarded as a synonym of Ceriana conopsoides and should be considered as nomen dubium.
Three new species and redescription of the type species of Soesilarishius Makhan, 2007 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Authors: RUIZ GUSTAVO R.S. , SOBRINHO ADRIANA T.
Published: November 2016

Four syntopic species of Soesilarishius Makhan, 2007 are recorded from the Floresta Estadual do Trombetas, Oriximiná, Pará, Brazil. The first is the type species of the genus, S. amrishi Makhan, 2007, of which we redescribe the male and describe the female for the first time. The other three species are new and described herein based on both sexes: S. laticlavus sp. nov., S. trombetas sp. nov. and S. elongatulus sp. nov.
A new cave-dwelling species of the genus Mesoiulus Berlese, 1886 (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae) from Turkey
Authors: ANTIĆ DRAGAN Ž. , ÇETIN CEMAL ÇAĞRI , TURANTEPE ERGIN , GÜRBÜZ MEHMET FARUK
Published: November 2016

A new cave-dwelling species of the poorly defined genus Mesoiulus Berlese, 1886, M. taurus sp. nov., is described from the Zindan Cave, Isparta, Western Taurides, Turkey. A brief discussion of the relationship between M. taurus sp. nov. and the most similar species (M. ciliciensis Strasser, 1975) is presented, as well as a map showing the distribution of the genus Mesoiulus in Turkey.
Transient Climate Sensitivity Depends on Base Climate Ocean Circulation
Authors: He Jie , Winton Michael , Vecchi Gabriel , Jia Liwei , Rugenstein Maria
Published: November 2016

There is large uncertainty in the simulation of transient climate sensitivity. This study aims to understand how such uncertainty is related to the simulation of the base climate by comparing two simulations with the same model but in which CO2 is increased from either a preindustrial (1860) or a present-day (1990) control simulation. This allows different base climate ocean circulations that are representative of those in current climate models to be imposed upon a single model. As a result, the model projects different transient climate sensitivities that are comparable to the multimodel spread. The greater warming in the 1990-start run occurs primarily at high latitudes and particularly over regions of oceanic convection. In the 1990-start run, ocean overturning circulations are initially weaker and weaken less from CO2 forcing. As a consequence, there are smaller reductions in the poleward ocean heat transport, leading to less tropical ocean heat storage and less moderated high-latitude surface warming. This process is evident in both hemispheres, with changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and the Antarctic Bottom Water formation dominating the warming differences in each hemisphere. The high-latitude warming in the 1990-start run is enhanced through albedo and cloud feedbacks, resulting in a smaller ocean heat uptake efficacy. The results highlight the importance of improving the base climate ocean circulation in order to provide a reasonable starting point for assessments of past climate change and the projection of future climate change.
Surface Wave Impact When Simulating Midlatitude Storm Development
Authors: Wu Lichuan , Sproson David , Sahlée Erik , Rutgersson Anna
Published: November 2016

Surface gravity waves, present at the air–sea interface, can affect the momentum flux and heat fluxes by modifying turbulence in the lower layers of the atmosphere. How to incorporate wave impacts into model parameterizations is still an open issue. In this study, the influence of a dynamic roughness length (considering instantaneous wave-induced stress), horizontal resolution, and the coupling time resolution between waves and the atmosphere on storm simulations are investigated using sensitivity experiments. Based on the simulations of six midlatitude storms using both an atmosphere–wave coupled model and an atmospheric stand-alone model, the impacts are investigated. Adding the wave-induced stress weakens the storm intensity. Applying a roughness length tuned to an average friction velocity is not enough to capture the simulation results from “true” wave-related roughness length. High-horizontal-resolution models intensify the simulation of storms, which is valid for both coupled and uncoupled models. Compared with the atmospheric stand-alone model, the coupled model (considering the influence of dynamic roughness length) is more sensitive to the model horizontal resolution. During reasonable ranges, the coupling time resolution does not have a significant impact on the storm intensity based on the limited experiments used in this study. It is concluded that the dynamic wave influence (instantaneous wave influence) and the model resolution should be taken into account during the development of forecast and climate models.
Verification of Convection-Allowing Model Ensemble Analyses of Near-Storm Environments Using MPEX Upsonde Observations
Authors: Kerr Christopher A. , Stensrud David J. , Wang Xuguang
Published: November 2016

The Mesoscale Predictability Experiment (MPEX) conducted during the spring of 2013 included frequent coordinated sampling of near-storm environments via upsondes. These unique observations were taken to better understand the upscale effects of deep convection on the environment, and are used to validate the accuracy of convection-allowing (Δ x = 3 km) model ensemble analyses. A 36-member ensemble was created with physics diversity using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model, and observations were assimilated via the Data Assimilation Research Testbed using an ensemble adjustment Kalman filter. A 4-day sequence of convective events from 28 to 31 May 2013 in the south-central United States was analyzed by assimilating Doppler radar and conventional observations. No MPEX upsonde observations were assimilated. Since the ensemble mean analyses produce an accurate depiction of the storms, the MPEX observations are used to verify the accuracy of the analyses of the near-storm environment.

A total of 81 upsondes were released over the 4-day period, sampling different regions of near-storm environments including storm inflow, outflow, and anvil. The MPEX observations reveal modest analysis errors overall when considering all samples, although specific environmental regions reveal larger errors in some state fields. The ensemble analyses underestimate cold pool depth, and storm inflow meridional winds have a pronounced northerly bias that results from an underprediction of inflow wind speed magnitude. Most bias distributions are Gaussian-like, with a few being bimodal owing to systematic biases of certain state fields and environmental regions.
Antipyretic Efficacy and Safety of Ibuprofen Versus Acetaminophen Suspension in Febrile Children: Results of 2 Randomized, Double-Blind, Single-Dose Studies
Authors: Jayawardena Shyamalie , Kellstein David
Published: November 2016

Two blinded single-dose studies randomized children 6 months to 11 years old with fever to receive ibuprofen (IBU) pediatric suspension 7.5 mg/kg or acetaminophen (APAP) suspension 10 to 15 mg/kg. The primary efficacy parameter was time-weighted sum of temperature differences (TWSTD) from baseline through 8 hours for each study. Secondary end points included TWSTD from baseline through 6 hours, time to onset and duration of temperature control, and proportion with temperature control. Studies were pooled for post hoc analyses of efficacy and adverse event end points. The primary efficacy parameter significantly favored IBU over APAP in study 1 and the pooled analysis (both P < .001), but was not significant in study 2. Onset of temperature control significantly favored IBU in study 2 ( P = .007). Individual and pooled secondary efficacy outcomes supported significant advantages ( P < .05) of IBU over APAP. IBU pediatric suspension provided greater temperature reduction versus acetaminophen in febrile children, with a comparable safety profile.