bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine for Preventing and Treating Pressure Injury After Spinal Cord Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Guilian , Wang Tong , Zhong Lirong , He Xinghui , Huang Chunxia , Wang Yingmin , Li Kun
Published: August 2022

Background

Pressure injury is a common complication after a spinal cord injury. Long-term multidisciplinary follow-up is difficult after such patients have been discharged. Telemedicine promises to provide convenient and effective support for the prevention and treatment of pressure injury, but previous attempts to demonstrate that have produced inconsistent results.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of telemedicine in preventing and treating pressure injury among community-dwelling patients with spinal cord injury, and determine which telemedicine form is more effective.

Methods

This systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA-NMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Network Meta-Analysis) standards. Ten databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies related to the effectiveness of telemedicine intervention in patients with spinal cord injury. Two researchers worked independently and blindly selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. The results were described as relative risk (RR) and weighted mean difference and 95% CI.

Results

The 35 studies comprised 25 randomized controlled trials and 10 quasi-experimental studies involving 3131 patients. The results showed that telemedicine can significantly (P<.05) reduce the incidence of pressure injury (RR 0.24, 95% CI 0.14-0.41; P<.05; I2=0%), promote faster healing (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.62-0.85; P<.05; I2=0%), and yield lower scores on the pressure ulcer scale of healing (weighted mean difference=–1.98, 95% CI –3.51 to –0.46; P<.05; I2=0%). Cumulative ranking estimates showed that combining telemedicine with conventional intervention (93.5%) was the most effective approach.

Conclusions

Telemedicine is a feasible way to prevent pressure injury among patients with spinal cord injuries. It can decrease the incidence and severity of pressure injury and accelerate patients’ healing without imposing economic burden. It is best used in tandem with other, more conventional interventions. Due to the limited quality and quantity of included studies, large-scale and well-designed randomized controlled trials are warranted.
The Application of Machine Learning in Predicting Mortality Risk in Patients With Severe Femoral Neck Fractures: Prediction Model Development Study
Authors: Xu Lingxiao , Liu Jun , Han Chunxia , Ai Zisheng
Published: August 2022

Background

Femoral neck fracture (FNF) accounts for approximately 3.58% of all fractures in the entire body, exhibiting an increasing trend each year. According to a survey, in 1990, the total number of hip fractures in men and women worldwide was approximately 338,000 and 917,000, respectively. In China, FNFs account for 48.22% of hip fractures. Currently, many studies have been conducted on postdischarge mortality and mortality risk in patients with FNF. However, there have been no definitive studies on in-hospital mortality or its influencing factors in patients with severe FNF admitted to the intensive care unit.

Objective

In this paper, 3 machine learning methods were used to construct a nosocomial death prediction model for patients admitted to intensive care units to assist clinicians in early clinical decision-making.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted using information of a patient with FNF from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III. After balancing the data set using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique algorithm, patients were randomly separated into a 70% training set and a 30% testing set for the development and validation, respectively, of the prediction model. Random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and backpropagation neural network prediction models were constructed with nosocomial death as the outcome. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity. The predictive value of the models was verified in comparison to the traditional logistic model.

Results

A total of 366 patients with FNFs were selected, including 48 cases (13.1%) of in-hospital death. Data from 636 patients were obtained by balancing the data set with the in-hospital death group to survival group as 1:1. The 3 machine learning models exhibited high predictive accuracy, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and backpropagation neural network were 0.98, 0.97, and 0.95, respectively, all with higher predictive performance than the traditional logistic regression model. Ranking the importance of the feature variables, the top 10 feature variables that were meaningful for predicting the risk of in-hospital death of patients were the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, lactate, creatinine, gender, vitamin D, calcium, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, white blood cell, and age.

Conclusions

Death risk assessment models constructed using machine learning have positive significance for predicting the in-hospital mortality of patients with severe disease and provide a valid basis for reducing in-hospital mortality and improving patient prognosis.
The Relationship Between Health Literacy, Knowledge, Fear, and COVID-19 Prevention Behavior in Different Age Groups: Cross-sectional Web-Based Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ishizuka-Inoue Mami , Shimoura Kanako , Nagai-Tanima Momoko , Aoyama Tomoki
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 prevention behaviors have become part of our lives, and they have been reported to be associated with health literacy, knowledge, and fear. However, the COVID-19 pandemic may be characterized by different situations in each age group. Since the severity of the infection and the means of accessing information differ by age group, the relationship between health literacy, knowledge, and fear may differ. Thus, factors that promote preventive behavior may differ by age group. Clarifying the factors related to prevention behaviors by age may help us consider age-appropriate promotion.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the association between COVID-19 prevention behaviors and health literacy, COVID-19 knowledge, and fear of COVID-19 by age group.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 512 participants aged 20-69 years, recruited from a web-based sample from November 1 to November 5, 2021. A web-based self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain the participants’ characteristics, COVID-19 prevention behaviors, health literacy, COVID-19 knowledge, and fear of COVID-19. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used to compare the scores of each item for each age group. The relationships among COVID-19 prevention behaviors, health literacy, COVID-19 knowledge, and fear of COVID-19 were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation analysis. Additionally, multiple regression analysis was conducted with COVID-19 prevention behaviors as dependent variables; health literacy, COVID-19 knowledge, and fear of COVID-19 as independent variables; and sex and age as adjustment variables.

RESULTS

For all participants, correlation and multiple regression analyses revealed that prevention behaviors were significantly related to health literacy, COVID-19 knowledge, and fear of COVID-19 (P<.001). Additionally, correlation analysis revealed that fear of COVID-19 was significantly negatively correlated with COVID-19 knowledge (P<.001). There was also a significant positive correlation between health literacy and COVID-19 knowledge (P<.001). Furthermore, analysis by age revealed that the factors associated with prevention behaviors differed by age group. In the age groups 20-29, 30-39, and 40-49 years, multiple factors, including health literacy, influenced COVID-19 prevention behaviors, whereas in the age groups 50-59 and 60-69 years, only fear of COVID-19 had an impact.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study revealed that the factors associated with prevention behaviors differ by age. Age-specific approaches should be considered to prevent infection.
The Change in Exergaming From Before to During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Young Adults: Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: O'Loughlin Erin K , Sabiston Catherine M , O'Rourke Roxy H , Bélanger Mathieu , Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , O'Loughlin Jennifer L
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Exergaming may be an important option to support an active lifestyle, especially during pandemics.

OBJECTIVE

Our objectives were (1) to explore whether change in exergaming status (stopped, started or sustained exergaming, or never exergamed) from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic was related to changes in walking, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or meeting MVPA guidelines and (2) to describe changes among past-year exergamers in minutes per week exergaming from before to during the pandemic.

METHODS

A total of 681 participants (mean age 33.6; SD 0.5 years; n=280, 41% male) from the 22-year Nicotine Dependence in Teens (NDIT) study provided data on walking, MVPA, and exergaming before (2017 to 2020) and during (2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity (PA) change scores were described by change in exergaming status.

RESULTS

We found that 62.4% (n=425) of the 681 participants never exergamed, 8.2% (n=56) started exergaming during the pandemic, 19.7% (n=134) stopped exergaming, and 9.7% (n=66) sustained exergaming. Declines were observed in all 3 PA indicators in all 4 exergaming groups. The more salient findings were that (1) participants who started exergaming during COVID-19 reported the highest MVPA levels before and during the pandemic and declined the least (mean –35 minutes/week), (2) sustained exergamers reported the lowest MVPA levels during the pandemic (median 66 minutes/week) and declined the most in MVPA (mean change of –92 minutes/week) and in meeting MVPA guidelines (–23.6%). During the pandemic, starting exergamers reported 85 minutes of exergaming per week and sustained exergamers increased exergaming by a median 60 minutes per week.

CONCLUSIONS

Although starting and sustaining exergaming did not appear to help exergamers maintain prepandemic PA levels, exergaming can contribute a substantial proportion of total PA in young adults and may still represent a useful option to promote PA during pandemics.
Assessment of Wireless Interfaces for Telemonitoring of Home-Based Biking Exercise (Preprint)
Authors: Smiley Aref
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Telerehabiliation has been shown to have a great potential in expanding access to rehabilitation services, enhancing patients' quality of life, and improving clinical outcomes. Stationary biking exercise can serve as an effective aerobic component of home-based physical rehabilitation programs. Remote monitoring of biking exercise (RMBE) provides necessary safeguards to ensure exercise adherence and safety at patient homes. Scalability of the current RMBE solutions is impeded by high cost which limits patient access to these services especially by older adults with chronic health conditions.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this project was to design and test two low-cost wireless interfaces for telemonitoring of home-based biking exercise.

METHODS

We designed interactive biking system (iBikE) comprising a tablet PC and low-cost bike. Two wireless interfaces to monitor revolutions per minute were built and tested. The first version of the iBikE system uses Bluetooth low energy (BLE) to send information from the iBikE to PC tablet and the second version uses Wi-Fi network for communication. Both systems could give the patient and clinical team the capability to monitor exercise progress in real time using simple graphical representation. The same hardware and user interface were used for both designs. The bike can be used for upper or lower limb rehabilitation. We developed two tablet apps with the same graphical user interfaces between the app and the bike sensors but different communication protocols (BLE and Wi-Fi). Healthy adults were asked to hand-cycle for three separate sub-sessions (one minute each with slow, medium, and fast pace) with one minute resting gap. In addition to reading speed values from the iBikE app, we used a tachometer to continuously measure speed of the bikes during each sub-session. Collected data was later used to compare the functionality and accuracy of the measured data from iBikE system.

RESULTS

To evaluate the data, measured RPMs in each sub-session (slow, medium, and fast) from iBikE and tachometer were further divided into 4 categories, including RPMs in every 10-second bins (6 bins), RPMs in every 20-second bins (3 bins), RPMs in every 30-second bins (2 bins), and RPMs in each sub-session (60 seconds, one bin). Then for each bin, mean difference (iBikE and tachometer) was calculated, and then averaged for all bins in each sub-session. Finally, means and standard deviations (SD) of the calculated mean differences for similar categories were reported for all individuals. We saw decreasing trend in both mean and SD from 10 second to one minute measurement. For BLE iBikE system, minimum mean RPM difference was 0.2 ± 0.3 in one-minute sub-session with medium speed. This number was 0.21 ± 0.21 in one-minute sub-session with slow speed for Wi-Fi iBikE system.

CONCLUSIONS

We concluded that a low-cost wireless interface provides necessary accuracy for telemonitoring of home-based biking exercise.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
LA INVERSIÓN EXTRANJERA DIRECTA EN MÉXICO: ANÁLISIS DE SUS DETERMINANTES SEGÚN CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LAS INDUSTRIAS
Authors: Ortiz Velásquez Samuel
Published: August 2022

RESUMEN

En este artículo se presenta un estudio empírico de los determinantes de la inversión extranjera directa (ied) en las manufacturas mexicanas; afirmo que las diferentes motivaciones de la ied se orientan por las características de las industrias de destino y ello en parte determina su potencial de integración local. Para verificar la hipótesis, se construyó una tipología para 124 clases de actividad manufacturera durante el periodo 2009-2018, agrupadas por características: actividad maquiladora y no maquiladora y su orientación, mercado nacional o exportación. El análisis de panel de datos con cointegración mostró que las motivaciones de búsqueda de mercados, recursos, eficiencia y activos estratégicos varían en función de las características de las industrias de destino. El resultado es relevante para generar políticas de atracción de inversión que contribuyan al desarrollo económico.   

 

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN MEXICO: ANALYSIS OF ITS DETERMINANTS ACCORDING TO INDUSTRIES CHARACTERISTICS

ABSTRACT
An empirical study of foreign direct investment (fdi) determinants in the Mexican manufactures is presented. It is argued that the different motivations for fdi are guided by the characteristics of the destination industries, which, in part, determine their potential for local integration. To verify the hypothesis, a typology was built for 124 classes of manufacturing activities for the 2009-2018 period. Such activities were grouped by characteristics: maquiladora and non-maquiladora activity, and by orientation: national market or export. The panel data analysis with cointegration showed that the motivations for seeking markets, resources, efficiency, and strategic assets vary depending on the characteristics of the destination industries. The result is relevant to generate investment attraction policies that contribute to economic development.
LA LEY DE OKUN EN MÉXICO, UNA RELACIÓN ASIMÉTRICA, 2005.01-2021.10
Authors: Loría Eduardo , Salas Emmanuel
Published: August 2022

RESUMEN

La velocidad de cambio del desempleo en las contracciones y en las expansiones es muy diferente. En las primeras hay rápido aumento del desempleo y su reducción es lenta en las fases de crecimiento (easy to fire, hard to hire). Con un modelo Threshold (Bai y Perron, 2003) con brecha de desempleo probamos la presencia de asimetrías en el funcionamiento de la ley de Okun en México. Esta especificación detecta endógenamente los valores de umbral que define los regímenes. Encontramos que crecimientos del PIB superiores a –1.01% no reducen la brecha de desempleo, pero ésta aumenta cuando el PIB cae más que esa tasa.

 

OKUN’S LAW IN MEXICO, AN ASYMMETRIC RELATIONSHIP, 2005.01-2021.10

ABSTRACT

The change in unemployment during economic contractions and expansions is very different. In contractions there is a rapid increase in unemployment and its reduction is slow in the phases of growth: easy to fire, hard to hire. With a Threshold model (Bai and Perron, 2003) we test asymmetries in the Okun’s law in Mexico with unemployment gap. This technique endogenously detects the threshold values that define the systems regimes. We find that GDP above –1.01% does not decrease the unemployment gap, but this gap increases when GDP falls more than that rate.
Primer registro de puma (Puma concolor) en la comuna de Putaendo, Región de Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Dumont Ailen , Olmos de Aguilera-Díaz Natividad , Zamora Politis Valeria , García Urrutia Ítalo , Guzmán Marín Byron Cristian
Published: August 2022

El puma (Puma concolor) es considerado como una especie en preocupación menor según la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN); sin embargo, ha sido poco estudiado en algunas áreas de su distribución geográfica, por lo que la información sobre aspectos de interés de este mamífero carnívoro es escasa o nula en dichos territorios. En esta nota contribuimos a su conocimiento en Chile mediante resultados de fototrampeo, documentando el primer registro en la comuna de Putaendo. Se instalaron dos cámaras trampa en la zona de estudio, las cuales permanecieron activas durante ocho meses y mediante las que se pudo obtener el registro audiovisual de un individuo. Este registro abre nuevas interrogantes acerca de los motivos por los que un individuo se abre paso en zonas que no eran consideradas parte de su distribución. También nos permite plantearnos si este desplazamiento fue ocasional o si se trata de una expansión y colonización de nuevos hábitats, ya que al tratarse de un avistamiento cercano a poblaciones humanas y ganado doméstico, y tomando en consideración casos similares, existe la posibilidad de que se generen conflictos puma-humano, siendo de vital importancia aplicar técnicas de mitigación de conflicto preventivas.
Determinación y cuantificación de residuos de plaguicidas en suelo y agua en pastizales del noreste de México, hábitat del perrito de la pradera mexicano
Authors: Cano García Arely , Ochoa Fuentes Yisa María , Maldonado Ortega Valeria , Ceballos Ceballos Augusto Gil , Linares Márquez Pascual , Cerna Chávez Ernesto , Lafón Terrazas Alberto
Published: August 2022

El perrito de la pradera mexicano es una especie endémica de México, característica de los pastizales. A pesar de ser considerada clave para la conservación de su hábitat, se encuentra en peligro de extinción debido a la actividad agrícola cercana a sus poblaciones. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar y cuantificar los residuos de plaguicidas en el suelo y el agua de las colonias de perrito de la pradera mexicano (Cynomys mexicanus) en Coahuila y Nuevo León. Se recolectaron 4 muestras de agua y 55 de suelo, se extrajeron los plaguicidas mediante la técnica Soxhlet y se analizaron con el método de Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Resolución (HPLC). Se detectaron residuos de glifosato, endosulfán, metamidofos, malatión, clorpirifos, deltametrina, imidacloprid y metomilo en un 99% de las muestras analizadas. El glifosato se detectó en concentraciones más altas (14.8 mg/mL) en las muestras de agua de Coahuila. Por otro lado, en las muestras de suelo de Nuevo León, se detectaron concentraciones más altas de glifosato y metamidofos (11.6 y 13.5 mg/mL respectivamente). Los resultados sugieren que los plaguicidas presentes en el suelo y el agua pueden estar afectando a las poblaciones de C. mexicanus debido a la persistencia, toxicidad y bioacumulación de los plaguicidas aplicados en las zonas agrícolas cercanas.
Primer registro fotográfico de jaguar (Panthera onca) con fototrampeo en la Meseta de Tapalpa, Municipio de Chiquilistlán, Jalisco
Authors: Silva-Castañeda Juan Pablo
Published: August 2022

Se logró la captura de un jaguar (Panthera onca) mediante fototrampeo en un bosque de pino-encino de la UMA Mazati, en el municipio de Chiquilistlán, Jalisco, México el 17 de julio de 2021. El jaguar fue capturado por la cámara mientras este se desplazaba en dirección noroeste a sureste. En la imagen resultante, se puede observar el costado derecho del individuo, desde el frente, motivo por el cual no es posible identificar su sexo. El individuo fue registrado a las 21:02 horas. Este es el primer registro fotográfico reportado para la especie en la región de la Meseta de Tapalpa, Jalisco, lo que contribuye al conocimiento de la especie en el estado.
Investigation of Building having Shear Wall and Bracings using Linear Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Abbasi Amir , Mishra Shrikant
Published: August 2022

Abstract: The design and analysis of earthquake resistant structures play importance factor all over the world. Hilly regions such as Ambikapur, Koriya, Dantewada & Jagdalpur district as a part of Chhattisgarh are more vulnerable in terms of seismic collapse structure in recent years and demand of high-rise structures with irregularity as given below is increasing now day due to high land cost & infrastructure there is much need or require of earthquake stability check. The paper is about analysis of different RCC Frames along with different cases of shear wall and X-bracing. The objectives of this paper are to model the asymmetry frame with different cases in respect to location of retrofitting, to examine seismic parameters such as story shear, displacement, compressive stress, story drift in order to check stability and to validate the best suitable location for asymmetry building and finding out their limitation.
Inventários de Conformidade com as Normas Femininas e Masculinas: estrutura fatorial e análises de invariância
Authors: Silva Julia Caciano Da , Valentini Felipe
Published: August 2022

O presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a estrutura fatorial e analisar a invariância dos parâmetros dos itens do Inventário de Conformidade com as Normas Femininas e do Inventário de Conformidade com as Normas Masculinas no contexto brasileiro. Participaram 724 mulheres e 555 homens, estudantes universitários. Os participantes responderam aos instrumentos e a um questionário sociodemográfico. Por meio de análises fatoriais confirmatórias, as estruturas originais compostas por fatores correlacionados foram testadas e parcialmente corroboradas. Ademais, foram sugeridas modificações para melhoria da qualidade psicométrica dos instrumentos. Por fim, análises fatoriais multigrupos indicaram a invariância fatorial em relação ao estado civil, orientação sexual, área do curso de graduação e modo de aplicação. Estes resultados apresentam evidências iniciais de validade dos instrumentos no Brasil e sustentam sua utilização em estudos futuros envolvendo a temática de gênero.
Construcción y validación de una Escala de Resiliencia Comunitaria Frente a Amenazas Naturales
Authors: Suárez Ramos Verónica , López Vázquez Esperanza , Merino Soto César
Published: August 2022

Antecedentes: Los efectos ocasionados por los fenómenos de origen natural han ido en aumento, agravando la vulnerabilidad de las poblaciones expuestas. Resulta necesario medir la capacidad de resiliencia de la comunidad para hacer frente a este tipo de situaciones adversas. El objetivo del estudio fue la construcción y validación de una escala de autoinforme de resiliencia comunitaria. Método: Los ítems se basaron en la propuesta de Twigg (2007) y Suárez-Ojeda (2001). Para la validación del instrumento se empleó la V de Aiken y el análisis semi-confirmatorio (McDonald, 2005). Se contó con una muestra de 290 participantes con un rango de edad de 18 a 78 años, de los municipios de Jojutla y Yautepec del Estado de Morelos (México). Resultados: Se obtuvo una escala final unidimensional conformada por 16 ítems, consistencia interna Ω = .924. Conclusiones: Esta escala puede ser de utilidad para quienes trabajan en la gestión integral de riesgos de desastres.
CRONOLOGÍA DE LAS OCUPACIONES HUMANAS EN EL CAMPO VOLCÁNICO PALI-AIKE: APORTES DESDE EL INTERFLUVIO GALLEGOS-CHICO Y VALLE MEDIO DEL RÍO CHICO (SANTA CRUZ, ARGENTINA)
Authors: L'Hereux Lorena G. , Borrazo Karen , Charlie Judith
Published: August 2022

Este trabajo sistematiza la información cronológica de las ocupaciones humanas en el espacio comprendido entre los cursos medios de los ríos Gallegos y Chico y el valle medio del río Chico, campo volcánico Pali-Aike (provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina). Presentamos siete nuevas dataciones radiocarbónicas obtenidas en diferentes localidades del interfluvio. Integramos la nueva información temporal con las cronologías ya disponibles para este sector y discutimos su relación con las edades provistas por otros espacios del campo volcánico (e.g. sectores al sur del río Chico, valle medio del río Gallegos). La evaluación conjunta de los datos cronológicos disponibles indica que, aun cuando se incrementó significativamente la cobertura arqueológica y la variedad de rasgos explorados en el interfluvio Gallegos-Chico, el uso redundante de este sector sólo pudo ser verificado para el Holoceno tardío, tal como fuera registrado en otros sectores del campo volcánico. Dado que se cuenta con evidencias de ocupaciones humanas desde el Holoceno medio en el sector occidental del interfluvio y en los cursos medios de los ríos Gallegos y Chico, y del Holoceno temprano en la cuenca media del Gallegos y del Chico, consideramos que esta tendencia informa sobre cambios en la circulación y el uso del campo volcánico Pali-Aike ocurridos hacia el Holoceno tardío. En el sector central del interfluvio, esos cambios conllevaron el paso desde un rol marginal hacia uno más destacado en la geografía cultural de las poblaciones cazadoras-recolectoras de Patagonia meridional.
Uso y ocupación territorial en la reflexión hacia una aproximación formal del territorio Kawésqar
Authors: Vidal A. Karla J.
Published: August 2022

El estudio del territorio se ha llevado a cabo principalmente desde la perspectiva de la geografía y las ciencias sociales, siendo el punto común un enfoque que entiende el territorio como significación cultural a partir de las prácticas socioculturales. La propuesta de investigación es un estudio del territorio de influencia de la comunidad kawésqar de Puerto Edén desde un enfoque formal proveniente de la teoría literaria de los formalistas rusos a partir del reconocimiento de usos y ocupaciones dentro del territorio para establecer el sentido territorial según disposición de esos usos y ocupación y que produce, a su vez, el conocimiento sobre el mismo y su transformación cuando los elementos de los usos y ocupación cambian de función. Otro aspecto de esta perspectiva formal es el complemento con la Teoría del Actor Red (TAR) de Bruno Latour con la cual se amplía la comprensión de dichos elementos a agentes humanos y no-humanos como partes integrantes de los diversos usos y ocupación territorial. De esta forma, se busca comprender el manejo que una comunidad indígena como la kawésqar tiene de su área de influencia geográfica a partir del conocimiento que adquiere debido a su experiencia y observación de dicha área (conocimiento socioecológico), sin transformar el territorio en un producto simbólico que representa ciertas cualidades para la comunidad.
Enhancement of Lipid and Biomass Production in Microalgae Scenedesmus abundans by Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Kapavarap Bhanu Rajarajeswari , Kotikalapudi Sree Rama Chandra Karthik , Oruganti Krishna Keerthika , Bodiga Sreedhar , Bodiga Vijaya Lakshmi , Veeravilli Suryanarayana , Poda Sudhakar , Vemuri Praveen Kumar
Published: August 2022

Due to the rising depletion of fossil fuels and increased energy demands, human society is looking for clean sustainable energy. Commercially produced algal biodiesel is limited by the expense and difficulty of oil extraction and subsequent biodiesel conversion technologies. Microalgae with high oil content are only alternatives for decreasing fossil fuel supplies, but more work remains to be done to improve the lipid content of microalgae strains. In this study, strain improvement is done using microwave radiation in Scenedesmus abundans to increase the production of triacylglycerol, which is the main source of biodiesel. Microalgal cultures were exposed to varied microwave irradiation over different time periods. Under microwave irradiation, 20-25 mins reaction time seems suitable for the complete in situ transesterification reaction. Microwave heating transesterification has been shown to be more effective for adequate biodiesel yield compared to the conventional transesterification process. Maximum increase of 2.22-fold in biomass, and 2.5-fold in triacylglycerol was observed for microwave irradiation of 25 mins and 20 mins intervals respectively. The percentage of some monounsaturated fatty acids increased in gas chromatographic examination of neutral lipid fractions from total lipids of microwave irradiated samples, is considered as one of the preferable properties of biodiesel. According to our study findings, Scenedesmus abundans qualifies as the most efficient feedstock for biodiesel production, and microwave-assisted in situ transesterification reduces the requirement for a large amount of solvents, longer reaction times, and high reaction temperatures and pressures.
The Unholy Alliance of Islamic Populism and Political Entrepeneur in Jakarta Election: The Aftermath Implications
Authors: Akmaliah Wahyudi , Nadzir Ibnu
Published: August 2022

In the early years of Reform Era, Islam in Indonesia was portrayed as the representation of moderate Islam. While some scholars argue that Islam in Indonesia has strong ties with religious commodification, Indonesia also often presented as the best practice where Islam could work with democracy. At that time, even Islamist groups were never really considered as a real threat to Indonesian democracy, mainly because their activities were mostly described as fragmented and sporadic. In that context, the Jakarta election brings new dynamic as part of the discussion on Islamization in Indonesia after the fall of the New Order. The blasphemy case of Ahok has become a trigger for a series of demonstration that illustrates the strength of political Islam ideology in shaping current Indonesian public sphere. To discuss these recent developments the article revisits the discourse of Islamization in Indonesia. We argue that intertwine between commodification of religious symbols, the use of new media, and political interest serves as the background of the unholy alliances between religious elites and political entrepreneurs in Jakarta election. As a consequence, the event of the Jakarta election has become a critical juncture where the emergence of Islamic populism has threatened both the notion of Indonesian democracy and the existence of moderate Moslem as well.Â
Rumeksa ing Wengi: Nyanyian Pemanggil Kuntilanak atau Kidung Religius
Authors: Prasanto Perdana Setya
Published: August 2022

In the modernization era, shift-meaning phenomenon often appears in our society, for instance, shifted the meaning of Islamic cultural heritage in Kidung Rumeksa ing Wengi from Sunan Kalijaga. Kuntilanak trilogy movies 2006-2008 influenced the new perception of society about Kidung Rumeksa ing Wengi. Before, it was a medium of Sunan Kalijaga delivering Islamic message. But, the Kidung representation has shifted as a spirit caller song. In 2019, horror movie reproduced Lingsir song within Kidung Rumeksa ing Wengi. This shift-meaning among the society has trigerred misunderstanding of the kidung. So, this research employs a literature approach will examine Kidung Rumeksa ing Wengi in religious perspective. The religious meaning of the Kidung provides aqeedah and morality, and those are considered as society belief that Kidung Rumeksa ing Wengi is not spirit caller song.
Hakikat, Epistimologi Islam, dan Strategi Istinbath Al Ahkam Fikih Arsitektur
Authors: Yulianto Y
Published: August 2022

Architectural Jurisprudence is an important study in Islamic architecture that has not been much developed. Therefore it is necessary to have an in-depth study related to the re-integration of Islamic jurisprudence and architectural science as a total implementation of Islam. This study focuses on the nature, Islamic epistemology, and strategy of istinbath al ahkam fiqh architecture. This literature study research utilizes Azab's thoughts (2012 & 1997), Murobith (2018), and Zarkani (2006) in examining the nature and strategy of istinbath al-ahkam architectural fiqh and using the reasoning of the Islamic epistemology of Al Jabiri (1989) in studying the reasoning of the Islamic fiqh architectural epistemology. Azab's opinion (2012 & 1997), Murobith (2012), Zarkani (2006), and Al Jabiri (1989) were then combined as needed in making the theoretical foundation of architectural fiqh. The results of this study indicate that the nature of architectural fiqh includes definitions, objects of study, originators, and subjects of architectural fiqh. Architectural fiqh is a collection of various fiqh principles that result in the mobility of a city as an effect of contacting every member of the community, the tendency of building architectural forms, and various issues surrounding the building that are presented as a result of the collaboration of fiqh scholars with building practitioners and architecture as a fiqh legal fatwa based on the science of fiqh proposal . Meanwhile, the object of study is the integration of fiqh studies with architecture and building studies. The subject of the study of architecture fiqh is fiqh law as charging legal low or correlative law in the context of a building. Furthermore, the epistemology of Islam in architectural fiqh is part of the bayani reasoning method as well as burhani. Finally, the strategy of istinbath al ahkam fiqh architecture is the Koran, the sunnah nabawiyah, and the principles of fiqh.
Studi Islam untuk Kemanusiaan: Pendekatan Sosiologis
Authors: Miftahuddin M
Published: August 2022

Mainstream Islamic studies in the past generally emphasized normative theologicalÂ approaches that were theocentric so that there were sides of humanity that were missed, even likely to beconsidered 'against' the sacredness of the text. That's why an anthropocentric approach is important to draw into the mainstream. One of the most important approaches is the sociological approach.Â Â The purpose of this research is to reveal new approaches in Islamic studies mainly using sociological approaches. The methodology used in this article uses descriptive analysis(historical)using library studies as the main source of discussion. The results of this study show that the model ofÂ sociological IslamicÂ studiesÂ that focuses on theÂ interaction of religionÂ (Islam) and society is important toÂ develop. This is a new tradition of Islamic studies that further upholds the dignity of human being. The implications of these findings may presenta new way in Islamic studies especially on two main things at once: (1) reconstructing Islamicsciences; and (2) building social and humanities basedon IslamicÂ epistemology.Â
Remoderasi Islam Melalui Re-Interpretasi Al-Quran
Authors: Wedi Agus
Published: August 2022

Sejak memasuki milenium baru, otoritas keagamaan Islam mulai berkontestasi dengan keagamaan ekstremisme. Ruang seperti mimbar masjid, sekolah, akademik, dan media cetak atau online tergantikan dengan media-media mainstream yang bermuatan konservatif. Fenomena ini memiliki tiga variasi yakni latar belakang, argumen, dan kepentingan. Jika dilihat dari latar belakangnya, bukan hal baru, ia mencakup ustaz uban, muallaf, dan akadeimisi. Tulisan ini mencoba menawarkan solusi dengan cara re-interpretasi ayat-ayat Al-Quran yang mana dijadikan sumber otoritas mereka. Dengan pendekatan sosio-historis melalui tafsir tematik, hermeneutika (untuk menemukan dimensi baru terkait pesan moral universal sebuah teks dan dalam konteks apa teks itu ditulis, bagaimana spirit pandangan hidup yang terkandung dalam teks) dan pandangan tafsir maqashidi (supaya menemukan tujuan, signifikasi, dan ideal moral sekaligus), serta kritik ideologi dengan pelacakan ayat-ayat Al-Quran yang dipakai mereka, hasil kajian ini mengungkap bahwa Al-Quran telah menjelaskan Islam tidak mengajarkan ekstremisme, radikalisme, dan konservatisme. Islam mengajarkan praktik moderasi, perdamaian, dan prularisme.
TikTok and Hijab: Questioning Islamic Values in Digital Sphere
Authors: Soedardi Riza Adrian
Published: August 2022

TikTok as a new social media provides many features for users to self-generate content expressively. In its platform, most of users producing dancing content excessively and some of the users are women who wear hijab. This article will examine the concept of hijab and hijab women in digital sphere like TikTok. The method of this article utilizes qualitative and it also take library research for looking some theories of hijab and digital sphere phenomena. The result shows that many Muslim scholars consider that dancing is allowed in four condition, which are no alcohol, no gender mix, no effeminate moves, and not to do it excessively. By those condition, this article invites Muslim scholars to question the phenomena on digital sphere.
Konsep Al-Tsabit dan Al-Mutahawwil Serta Implikasinya dalam Hukum Islam: Telaah Pemikiran Ali Ahmad Said Asbar
Authors: Rokhmad Abu , Nurdin Nazar
Published: August 2022

This article examines the concepts of al-tsabit (the unchangeable) and al-mutahawwil (the changeable) which were popularized by Ali Ahmad Said Asbar (Adonis) in Islamic studies, then they are limitedly associated with Islamic legal thinking. This study aims to find a formula for understanding Islamic law that is more comprehensive and dynamic in accordance with the challenges of the times. This paper is a type of qualitative research with a character study approach. The method used is usually qualitative research, but it focuses more on documentation and records of Ali Ahmad Said Asbar's life journey. This study found that the concepts of al-tsabit and al-mutahawwil which were explored deeply by Adonis are important concepts in Islamic studies to be applied in the lives of Muslims. The Koran and al-Sunnah are final with the death of the bearer of the Islamic message. Even so, it is impossible for the two sources of Islamic law to avoid answering legal events that have emerged recently. If its vitality remains, then the jargon of al-Islam â€˜shalih li kulli zaman wa makanâ€™ is not in doubt. This jargon also conveys an important recognition that in Islam there are teachings that are fixed and impossible to change (al-tsabit), and there are also teachings that are dynamic and bound to change (al-mutahawwil). The issue of faith and worship is a principle that cannot change, but in other dimensions of Islam, such as law, it is very likely to be open to new meanings.Â Artikel ini mengkaji tentang konsep al-tsabit (the unchangeable) dan al-mutahawwil (the changeable) yang dipopulerkan oleh Ali Ahmad Said Asbar (Adonis) dalam kajian keislaman, lalu secara terbatas dikaitkan dengan pemikiran hukum Islam. Studi ini hendak menemukan formula pemahaman hukum Islam yang lebih komprehensif dan dinamis sesuai dengan tantangan zaman. Tulisan ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi tokoh. Metode yang dipakai lazimnya penelitian kualitatif, namun lebih fokus pada dokumentasi dan catatan perjalanan hidup Ali Ahmad Said Asbar. Studi ini menemukan bahwa konsep al-tsabit dan al-mutahawwil yang dieksplorasi mendalam oleh Adonis, merupakan konsep penting dalam kajian Islam untuk aplikasikan dalam kehidupan umat Islam. Alquran dan al-Sunnah sudah final seiring dengan wafatnya pembawa risalah Islam. Meskipun begitu, dua sumber hukum Islam tersebut tidak mungkin menghindar untuk menjawab peristiwa-peristiwa hukum yang muncul belakangan. Jika vitalitasnya masih tetap, maka jargon al-Islam shalih li kulli zaman wa makan tidak diragukan. Jargon tersebut sekaligus menyuratkan pengakuan penting bahwa di dalam Islam memang ada ajaran yang tetap dan tidak mungkin berubah (al-tsabit), dan ada pula ajaran yang dinamis dan pasti berubah (al-mutahawwil). Masalah akidah dan ibadah adalah prinsip yang tidak mungkin berubah, namun pada dimensi Islam lainnya, seperti hukum, ia sangat mungkin terbuka menerima makna-makna baru.
Discordant population structure among rhizobium divided genomes and their legume hosts
Authors: Riley Alex , Grillo Michael , Epstein Brendan , Tiffin Peter , Heath Katy
Published: August 2022

Symbiosis often occurs between partners with distinct life history
characteristics and dispersal mechanisms. Many bacterial symbionts have
genomes comprised of multiple replicons with distinct rates of evolution
and horizontal transmission. Such differences might drive differences in
population structure between hosts and symbionts and among the elements
of the divided genomes of bacterial symbionts. These differences might,
in turn, shape the evolution of symbiotic interactions and bacterial
evolution. Here we use whole genome resequencing of a
hierarchically-structured sample of 191 strains of Sinorhizobium
meliloti collected from 21 locations in southern Europe to characterize
population structures of this bacterial symbiont and its host plant
Medicago truncatula. Sinorhizobium meliloti genomes showed high local
(within-site) variation and little isolation by distance. This was
particularly true for the two symbiosis elements pSymA and pSymB, which
have population structures that are similar to each other, but distinct
from both the bacterial chromosome and the host plant. The differences
in population structure may result from among-replicon differences in
the extent of horizontal gene transfer, although given limited
recombination of the chromosome, different levels of purifying or
positive selection may also contribute to among-replicon differences.
Discordant population structure between hosts and symbionts indicates
that geographically and genetically distinct host populations in
different parts of the range might interact with genetically similar
symbionts, potentially minimizing local specialization.
Erdheim-Chester disease: a multisystem disease case illustration with rare manifestations and treatment challenges.
Authors: jridi maysam , Achour Tayssir Ben , Naceur Ines , Smiti Monia , Ghorbel Imed Ben , Lamloum Mounir , Said Fatma , Houman Mohamed Habib
Published: August 2022

Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare multisystemic disease. A 50-year-old
woman, presented with a recurrent pain and swelling of the left knee.
Bone scintigraphy showed increased tracer uptake of peripheral skeleton.
The computed tomography showed tissular infiltration in the
retroperitoneum, around the vessels. Immunohistochemistry showed CD68
(+) and CD1a (-).
Effects of light size and intensity on photoconductive effect-based optically-induced dielectrophoresis for three-dimensional manipulation
Authors: Yang Huanzhou , Wang Zuobin
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the effect of light size and intensity on photoconductive
effect-based optically-induced dielectrophoresis (ODEP) for
three-dimensional manipulation of cells is studied. The photoconductive
effect-based ODEP enabled the three-dimensional manipulation of multiple
cells, whether normal cells or cancer cells. When the light spot size is
similar to the cell and the photoconductive layer resistance is about
150 MΩ, the spot repels other cells after manipulating a single cell.
When the light spot size is much larger than the cell and the
photoconductive layer resistance is about 120 MΩ, multiple cells are
controlled inside the spot and distributes in the same plane. When the
light intensity is increased and the photoconductive layer resistance is
about 40 MΩ, the cells are manipulated in three-dimensions. Using a
light spot similar in size to the cells to gather specific cells at
different locations into a specific area, and then increasing the light
intensity enabled three-dimensional manipulation. We find that the cells
three-dimensional manipulation by ODEP is achieved only when the
photoconductive effect induced by the light pattern reaches a higher
intensity. The realization of ODEP-based three-dimensional manipulation
is related to the spot size and the photoconductive layer resistance
determined by light intensity.
Variations in body shape between two sympatric haplochromine species: Implications for evolution of the fish species in Lake Kivu
Authors: Munyandamutsa Philippe , Jere Wilson , Mtethiwa Austin , Kassam Daud
Published: August 2022

Patterns of intra- and interspecific variation based on environmental
conditions in which populations live may reflect adaptive responses to
their habitat. This is particularly relevant in a lake habitat where
closely related species occur sympatrically. This study was aimed at
determining consistency in morphological traits in head and body shapes
in two haplochromine species (Haplochromis insidiae and Haplochromis
kamiranzovu) in littoral and/ pelagic zones and to estimate the extent
to which the habitats affect variations between the species. Specimens
of both species were taken from littoral and pelagic zones, in the
northern and southern parts of Lake Kivu. Morphometrics and
landmark-characteristics were recorded and compared within and between
habitats. The results showed that differences were found among the two
species, among the two zones and for both. The most prominent difference
was in the head; including the relative size of the jaws, head length
and position of the pectoral fin insertion. Variation in head morphology
is normally related to feeding. Changes in body shape can be linked to
differences in environment and food availability between the two
habitats which could have enabled the species to co-exist. This capacity
is important in lakes like Kivu which have low habitat diversity
compared to other African Great lakes like Malawi, Tanganyika and
Victoria and provide some explanation in the differences in the number
of haplochromine species in these lakes. The genetic basis of these
phenotypic changes should be examined in future research.
Using a combination of conservative and enucleating to treat a large dentigerous cyst.
Authors: khan fahad , Castling Brain
Published: August 2022

Dentigerous cysts are the second most common type of odontogenic cysts.
We performed a combination of conservative treatment and enucleation to
prevent fracture and preserve vital structures in a two-staged approach