bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE STUDY OF THE GAS EXCHANGE FUNCTION OF LUNGS VIA THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE FUNCTIONAL RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Authors: Semchyk Tetiana , Korniush Iryna , Hovorukha Vira , Tashyrev Oleksandr
Published: February 2022

Respiratory system diseases are among the most dangerous for human life. Pathologies of the respiratory system appear due to environmental pollution, the spread of epidemics, etc.. To predict the course of pathological processes, the body's response to various influences of external extreme conditions, there is a strong need to develop the imitational mathematical models, which can provide the opportunity for the fast selection of the necessary optimal breathing mode. The goal of the work was to develop the imitational mathematical model to prognose and regulate the state of the respiratory system of the organism under the indignation of the environment. To study the mechanisms of self-regulation and adaptation of the body to disturbances of the external or internal environment, a mathematical model of the functional respiratory and circulatory system was developed. The dynamics of the partial pressures and stresses of the respiratory gases in the structures of the body was described by a system of ordinary differential equations. The principles of material balance and continuity of the flow were used to construct them. The structure of the model considered several reservoirs of the alveolar space, each of which was connected to the environment by a separate section of the airways and was washed by the corresponding volume of blood in the pulmonary capillaries. On the basis of the mathematical model of the functional respiratory system, an imitational mathematical model of the gas exchange process in the lungs has been developed and investigated. The model took into account the role of the elasticity and the resistance of the lung structures in the formation of the nature of the gas exchange process under various modes of external respiration. The results of the research will allow to accelerate the selection of the optimal breathing mode to achieve a stable balance of the internal and the external environment of the body.
CARBON-BASED CATHODE CATALYSTS USED IN MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND ENERGY RECOVERY
Authors: Boukoureshtlieva Reneta , Stankulov Toma , Momchilov Anton
Published: February 2022

In the past 20 years Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been extensively studied regarding the possibility of transforming organic waste directly into electricity. There are significant differences between MFCs and conventional low temperature Fuel Cells (FCs), which make MFCs attractive: biotic catalyst at the anode; the anodic fuel is complex organic waste; MFCs operate under mild reaction conditions (neutral pH, temperature and pressure), close to ambient levels as optimum.
Like chemical fuel cells, MFCs are composed of anode and cathode. Oxygen is an ideal electron acceptor for MFCs because of its high redox potential, availability, and sustainability. However, the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) is kinetically sluggish, resulting in a large proportion of potential loss. Also, working conditions are quite different because of the type of complex media in which MFCs operate. In order to overcome these limitations, catalysts are often used to lower the overpotentials and accelerate the kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction. One of the main challenges is the development of efficient and stable cathode catalysts for MFCs. By far, Pt and Pt-based catalysts (PGMs) have been extensively used, due to their catalytic efficiency in gas-diffusion electrodes. But the high cost and low durability have significantly lowered their utilization in MFCs.
A variety of non-precious metal catalysts have been developed for MFC applications including carbon-based catalysts, carbon supported composite catalysts, Me-based catalysts and biocatalysts. It is supposed that the ORR catalyst used for wastewater treatment in MFCs is simple to synthesize, cost-effective, durable after long-term operation in wastewater, tolerant to poisoning and able to restore catalytic activity after cleaning. In this regard carbon-based catalyst may be the most promising candidate for practical applications. This study reviews different carbon-based ORR catalysts for MFC applications for wastewater treatment and energy recovery.
BIOCARBON FROM DIFFERENT BIOMASS PRECURSORS
Authors: Miteva Kalina , Georgiev Georgi , Stoycheva Ivanka , Petrov Nartzislav , Petrova Bilyana , Sarbu Andrei , Tsyntsarski Boyko
Published: February 2022

Thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass is considered as a good opportunity to obtain liquid raw materials for biofuels and biochemicals. During this pyrolysis process a solid product, biocarbon, is obtained. Nowadays there is a growing interest in biocarbon, due to the potential benefits of its application in soil as a stimulant and CO2 trap. The physicochemical and porous properties of biocarbon are suitable for development of effective and inexpensive sorbents for the removal of contaminants from water. Biocarbon has promising sorption properties for various pollutants in water, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals. Banana and orange peels, as well as cocoa flakes, were used as precursors. The carbonization was carried out at temperatures from 500 ° C to 900 ° C. Some of the samples were subjected to physical and chemical activation. The obtained carbon adsorbents are characterized by adsorption of iodine, BET, etc. It is planned to study the possibilities for the successful application of the obtained carbon materials as adsorbents for water and air purification, catalysts, hydrogen depots, etc.
APPLICATION OF THE PLASMA FOCUS DISCHARGE IN THE RADIOBIOLOGY STUDIES
Authors: Gemishev Orlin , Zapryanov Stanislav , Gol’tsev Vasilii , Galutsov Bojidar , Blagoev Alexander
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this short review article is to present the results of the influence of the ionizing X-ray pulses of plasma focus on living organisms, by performing experiments in vivo and analyzing changes in some vital characteristics of the objects, such as survival ability, efficiency of photosynthesis of unicellular organisms at moderate doses (up to 65 mSv); efficiency of enzyme production, change in protein content and change in fungi mass in the radiation dose range 7 mSv ÷ 45 Sv; changes in mammalian blood characteristics and appearance of signs of anemia due to the significant dose load.
Affordances and Challenges of Mixed- Methods Needs Analysis for the Development of ESP Courses
Authors: Jeong Park Eun
Published: February 2022

This paper addresses the conceptions of needs analysis and mixed-methods research, and the affordances and challenges of mixed methods needs analysis in implementing ESP courses. Language researchers and educators maintain that a lack of identifying students’ needs hampers the development and improvement of English language education in ESP. ESP teachers and educators may not be cognizant of utilizing needs analysis effectively in their classrooms. Hence, the purpose of the paper is to characterize mixed-methods needs analysis and recognize affordances and challenges of using needs analysis with the considerations of mixed methods in research on foreign and second language education. A systematic mixed-methods learner needs analysis can increase the rigour of course design, materials development, and the enhancement of curriculum and instruction. This paper also informs ESP educators, teachers, professionals, and researchers of the usefulness and practicality of mixed methods approaches in conducting needs analysis for ESP learners in the educational context.
ESP Student Feedback –A Tool to Develop both Students’ and Teachers’ Competences
Authors: Dima Viorela-Valentina , Raluca Ştefan Laura
Published: February 2022

The current paper investigates how ESP teachers and learners may benefit from feedback exchange during the learning process. The article is a qualitative analysis of student feedback provided for ESP classes by learners from a Romanian economic university – i.e. the Bucharest University of Economic Studies. Responses refer to: the development of (general and business) English skills, enhancing self- and peer awareness, benefits of peer cooperation. The analysis is undertaken by an interdisciplinary team comprising an English teacher and a psychologist and discusses the relevance of such assignments for the development of students’ and teachers’ competences. We place our analysis against the background of research on (language) teacher competences and (language) learner competences in professional frameworks developed in Europe, Asia, Australia, North America, highlighting the complex teacher and learner/ graduate profiles required across the world, as well as the contribution of feedback exchange skills to this profile.
Pulmonary hypertension. From vasomotor molecules to treatment
Authors: de Berrazueta Fernández J.R.
Published: February 2022

Pulmonary Hypertension is characterized by the increase of the pulmonary systolic pressure above 30 mm Hg or 25 of mean pressure. Different diseases generate changes in the physiology of the vessel wall. The balance between vasoconstrictor and vasodilator molecules, mainly released by the endothelium, is lost in favor of vasoconstrictors, which in addition to generating an inadequate vasoconstrictor response, induce proliferative changes of different cell lines that modify the structure of the vessel wall, from the hypertrophy of the media until progressive occlusion of the arteriolar beds, formation of angiomatous lesions, micro aneurysms, plexiform lesions, thrombotic occlusions and necrotizing arteritis corresponding to the different degrees of pulmonary hypertension. The symptoms of right ventricular failure, the radiographic and electrocardiographic data of right ventricular growth or dilatation, allow us to suspect the diagnosis that can be confirmed by echocardiography, measuring the peak velocity of the tricuspid regurgitation that corresponds to the systolic pressure of the pulmonary artery. The progressive severity of the lesions allows the treatment to be staggered, including measures to compensate for heart failure with loop diuretics, permanent anticoagulation, and vasodilators such as Calcium Channel Blockers and to greater severity, endothelin antagonists, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, prostacyclin and derivatives and combinations of several of these drugs.
The creation of a right to left shunt decompresses the lung bed, reducing pressure, with desaturation and an increase in systemic output, but improving exercise tolerance and survival.
Destrucción del mundo y sustitución en A.I. Artificial Intelligence, de Spielberg
Authors: Encinas Cantalapiedra Arturo , Lin Alexandra Zhou
Published: February 2022

El artículo estudia la relación que A.I. Artificial Intelligence (Spielberg, 2001) establece entre la destrucción del mundo y las dinámicas de sustitución. La proliferación de sustitutos robóticos es signo de una cultura puramente comercial y egoista que cosifica a los otros y desencadena un proceso anti-cosmogónico (cosmolysis). Tanto la estructura dramática de la película como la realización, la iluminación o los símbolos (como el círculo), comunican este sentido trágico de un mundo posible fundado en la sustitución.
Advantages of Water Fog Use as a Fire Extinguisher
Authors: Kuti Rajmund
Published: February 2022

Due to the consequences of global climate change and complex impacts of civilization, the Earth’s drinking water reserves have started to decrease or become so seriously contaminated in some areas that it is inadequate for human consumption. International research groups and organizations are calling the countries to greater environmental and security awareness. Severity of environmental protection regulations made the usage of environmental friendly fire-fighting materials (water, among others) more important again. In Hungary, fire brigades use drinking water in approximately 90% of their fire-fighting operations. Some recently developed water fog fire extinguisher apparatuses have made special utilization of water available, as their use is friendly to the environment, effective and economical and in comparison with the conventional fire-fighting techniques consume a considerably less amount of water. In my paper I am going to demonstrate and summarize the advantages of water fog fire extinction based on the physical and chemical properties of water.
Application of Special Risk Reduction Protective Measures in Combiterminals for Dangerous Goods
Authors: Cimer Zsolt , Varga Ferenc
Published: February 2022

During the combined transport of dangerous goods, in the territory of combiterminals, transport takes place from one type of transport to another means of transport. During the trans-shipment and the temporary storage of hazardous materials accidents resulting in smaller or larger consequences may occur (and in recent times have occurred as well). Experience has shown that reducing the consequences of such accidents requires the use of some special tools. In our article we present these tools in order to reduce such consequences as well as the technical foundations of their applicability.
Nuclear Security Culture Self-Assessment in a Radioactive Material Associated Facility
Authors: Csurgai József , Solymosi Máté , Horváth Kristóf , Vass Gyula
Published: February 2022

The following publication summarizes the short history, fundamentals of Interna- tional Atomic Energy Agency’s Nuclear Security Culture programme in general and provides details of the recommended self-assessment methodology.A preliminary Nuclear Security Culture (NSC) self-assessment is presented on the basis of the 026 Nuclear Security Technical Document (NST) Draft in a special case of a radioactive material associated facility. Besides the purposes described in the 026 NST Draft, to test the level of the NSC level inside the facility and the problems, the roots of the problems and possible conclusions in it, the main goal was to test the conformance of the guidance itself and the preparedness and attitude about the security self-assessment of the facility. Even though the direct answers and the results are not allowed to be publicized, the conclusions will be instructive for associated facilities as well as for competent authorities.
Four Conflicts : Four Mandates Comparative Analysis of the Conflicts and Mandates of United Nations Peacekeeping Missions in Western Sahara, Angola, Namibia and Central African Republic
Authors: Harkai István
Published: February 2022

During the 20th century, the United Nations led several peacekeeping missions into Africa, where civil wars and armed conflicts among states have followed each other. These conflicts differed in many aspects from each other, and the UN tried to give several answers to heal the conflicts. This essay attempts to present and compare these conflicts and the UN missions through the case of three states and a colony, Angola, Namibia, the Central African Republic, and Western Sahara.
The Rise of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS)
Authors: Shamieh Luna , Szenes Zoltán
Published: February 2022

Europe and Hungary, currently faces multiple national threats in an environment of growing disorder. ISIS, the “State of Terror”, is executing a sophisticated strat- egy that involves simultaneous efforts and attacks in Iraq and Syria, the Middle East and North Africa, and the wider world. Civil wars are intensifying in Ukraine, Yemen, and Libya, causing massive migration waves. The recent terrorist attack in Paris has shown that ISIS supported homegrown terrorism is an increasing threat. This article discusses the development and internal issues of the most dangerous terrorist organization. Although it was not a purpose to analyze the international consequences of the recent ISIS attack in Paris, the authors express their hope that ISIS might make a strategic mistake. On 13rd November, 2015 can be a turning point in the fight against the Islamic State.
Derivation of the Fundamental Missile Guidance Equations
Authors: Papp István , Szilvássy László , Óvári Gyula
Published: February 2022

In order to guide itself to a successful target intercept, the missile must obtain information about the target. The prelaunch and post launch information too, must be gathered. Before a missile is launched, that is, during the prelaunch phase, the missile needs to know where to go. It knows that it is supposed to go to the target, but it must be told where the target is. The missile is told where the target is by electrical signals entering through the umbilical from the launcher. These signals are head aimed (to point the missile head at the target), English bias (to point the missile at the intercept point), and an estimate of true target Doppler on the simulated Doppler line.
Child Soldiers in Genocidal Regimes: The Cases of the Khmer Rouge and the Hutu Power
Authors: Klemensits Péter , Czirják Ráchel
Published: February 2022

Genocide is one of the worst things one can imagine throughout the history of humanity. But in the cases of Cambodia and Rwanda this was even more serious as children were used as instruments of the massacres. Both the Khmer Rouge and the Hutu regime had their specific reasons for this act. The number of victims surpasses the millions, who either lost their lives, or suffered from various kinds of violence, because the young perpetrators were also victims, who carry the invisible scars in their souls. These historical examples are warnings for the international community to be active in situations like these, and stand up for the defenceless ones.
Missile Mathematical Model and System Design
Authors: Papp István
Published: February 2022

Recently, aerospace (flight) engineers, having more solid mathematical backgrounds, have become familiar with the newest results in control theory and are able not only to formulate control problems but also solve them without attracting the attention of control experts. Moreover, they try to apply new results in control theory to specific aerospace and missile guidance problems. As a result, control theory is losing its biggest supplier and, to a certain degree, this slows down its progress.
Processing Intrusion Data with Machine Learning and MapReduce
Authors: Brunner Csaba
Published: February 2022

These past years, cyber-attacks became a daily issue for enterprises. A possible defence against this kind of threat is intrusion detection. One of the key challenges is information extraction from this large amount of logged data. My paper aims to identify cyber-attack types as patterns in log files using advanced parallel computing approach and machine learning techniques. The MapReduce programming model is applied to parallel computing, while decision tree algorithms are used from machine learning.I discuss two research questions in this paper. First, despite parallelization, are machine learning algorithms still able to provide results with acceptable accuracy measured by traditional data mining figures (accuracy, precision, recall, area under receiver operand characteristic [ROC] curve [AUC])? Second, is it possible to achieve significant performance improvement by measuring runtime execution of the algorithm by introducing several measurement points?I proved that the machine learning model with two categories in the target variable is preferred to the one having five categories. The average performance improvement was 4–5 times faster for the whole algorithm compared to a single core solution. I achieved most of these improvements during the data transfer phase.
Role of Strategic Thinking in Corporate Identity
Authors: Waheed Ajmal , Baig Noor ul Ain
Published: February 2022

In this paper, an attempt has been made to unveil how strategic thinking contributes to corporate identity and survival. The instrument used to collect the data was a questionnaire which included a scale on creativity, pragmatic opportunism and intellectual informatism. The sample included the middle and top management of the telecom organizations in Pakistan. The questionnaires were distributed to 125 respondents and an 80% response was received. Results showed that strategic thinking has a fairly positive effect on corporate identity (CI). Among the creativity, intellectual informatism and pragmatic opportunism and when regressed with CI, pragmatic opportunism has the strongest effect on CI; creativity has a fairly positive impact on CI, whereas, intellectual informatism does not show significant impact on CI. Hopefully, this study will be informative for management about learning how they can use the available yet unfound opportunities and information within their creativity to build and maintain a good corporate identity.
Thoughts on Technological Diversity and Knowledge Management in Centralised Organizations
Authors: Koronváry Péter , Szegedi Péter
Published: February 2022

The diversity of available technology challenges our organizations, leadership and (uniformed and civilian) co-workers day by day. Fiscal limits, conflicting technologies, constant need of unavailable knowledge and various other environmental factors may get centralized organizations with positional power in critical situations in our century. This article tries to bring to front some arguments why knowledge management should be considered as a key part of the necessary solution in avoiding new risks we shall face in the 21st century.
State-Level Analysis Aspects of Comparative Disaster Management
Authors: Papp Bendegúz
Published: February 2022

In international environments numerous different disaster management systems can be found, whose operation can be also varied because of their differences. Nowadays, there is no common, comprehensive analyzing model which could be adopted for describing and analyzing one state’s disaster management system. Through conclusions drawn during the analysis of foreign emergency managements, the different domestic disaster risk management methods can be improved. Hence, the phrase disaster management can be defined in several ways and those approaches determine the analyzation framework of the given country, as well. For a unified interpretation, a model needs to be created which promotes the descriptive analysis. Since the topic is actual, in this paper an analysis model is presented, which can be applied in international environments, and it can also be helpful for domestic research.
Power Sources of Military Helicopters
Authors: Varga Béla
Published: February 2022

In the early 1940s the first practically usable helicopters rose into the sky. Their importance was quickly recognised both by the military and civilian decision makers. A good summary of their most important advantage is the next quotation: “If you are in trouble anywhere in theworld, an airplane can fly over and drop flowers, but a helicopter can land and save your life.” (Igor Sikorsky, 1947) Just after their appearance it immediately became an urgent problem to replace the relatively low-power and heavy piston engines, forwhich the much lighter and more powerful turboshaft engines offered a good alternative. Significant improvement of helicopter engines, which has embodied mainly in power to weight ratio, thermal cycle efficiency, specific fuel consumption, together with reliability and maintainability, of course, has influenced the technicaltactical parameters of helicopters. In this paper I introduce the evolution of helicopter turboshaft engines, the most important manufacturers and engine types. Through statistical analysis I display what kind of performance parameters the helicopter turboshaft engines had in the past and have in the present days.
Military Vehicles Used for Public Service Purposes
Authors: Gávay György
Published: February 2022

The aim of the publication is to examine and present the need and possibilities of using protected vehicles in the police and disaster management forces. One ofthequestions arising nowadays is what threats thepolice and disaster management forces are facing at the locations of terror attacks or environmental catastrophes. The reduction of the tűhreats is possible with choosing the appropriate vehicles and ensuring their proper usage.
The OSCE and the Crisis in Ukraine : Focusing on the Theoretical Characteristics of the European Crisis Management. Concepts, Players, Tools, Vision
Authors: Remek Éva
Published: February 2022

European security and defence policy is one of today’s main topics. One of the reasons for this, is the high number of operations conducted by the European players in regards to its crisis management. The second reason we can find in the actual substance. Testament to this is Europe’s fight for global peace and stability. To achieve this, the robust international presence is imperative. Especially in places, where following an armed conflict the state’s structure is destroyed and aiding the creation of the new political structure, as well as levelling the democratic playing field is needed. Operations conducted in crisis management are not limited to European ground only. In the creation of global and regional stability, which is paramount from Europe’s point of view due to its nature, a shift occurred: from military power to civilian power. This justifies the need to deal with European security, with particular regard to crisis management and international actors, including the OSCE and its role in Ukraine. I prefer this analysis to be a theoretical approach (thought provoking) than to fully present the Ukrainian crisis. And I look at it from the point of view of the OSCE.
Life Sentence Without the Possibility of Parole : “We Do not Allow Them to Live, We Do not Let Them Die”
Authors: Ruzsonyi Péter
Published: February 2022

In the first part of our study (Serial Killers on the Other Side of the Bars: “Bestial Humans—Human Beasts”) we focused on the crimes committed by serial murderers, identified alternatives of classification and analysed their behavior within the prison walls. In the upcoming part, we will investigate international and domestic experiences related to the use of life without parole; review the way of life of those who have been sentenced to “life until death”; examine the punishment’s mechanics and impact and finally conduct an analysis of the present form of the notion “not allowing them to live, not letting them die”. The basis for this inquiry is the fact that currently, 67% of the serial killers serve a sentence of life without parole. [In Hungary, the practice of sentencing convicts to life without parole is regulated by the Criminal Code. In its principle, this form of punishment means that those who receive this sentence will never be released on parole (42. §). Article 46/A‒B of the Prison Code; however, it also introduces a mandatory clemency procedure for those who are serving a life sentence without parole. This procedure may be initiated after 40 years served.] Furthermore, we also endeavour to collect the characteristics of this sanction, evaluate related professional opinions and put forth a suggestion for an amendment, as well.
The Role of Resilience and Emotion Regulation in Psychological Distress of Hospital Staff During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review Study
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Bagheri Sheykhangafshe Farzin , Hajialiani Vahid ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Hasani Jafar ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background: During the COVID-2019 pandemic, the hospital staff was among the first to deal with this problem. Because of the high workload, the medical staff may experience psychological distress. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the role of resilience and emotion regulation in managing the psychological distress of hospital staff during the COVID-2019 pandemic. Methods: In the present study, we searched English databases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Iranian databases, such as Iranian databases of Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian Publications (Magiran), and Iranian Medical Sciences Articles from February 2020 to July 2021 with using the keywords of “coronavirus 2019”, “COVID-19”, “depression”, “anxiety”, “stress”, “resilience”, “emotion regulation”, “mental health”, “medical staff”, and “psychological distress”. We also used the PRISMA (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) checklist to review and control the quality of the articles. Results: Studies have shown that resilience and emotion regulation strategies positively affect nurses, physicians, hospital staff, and medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Good resilience and using adaptive emotion regulation strategies have reduced their anxiety, depression, insomnia, and fear, which results in increased psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Based on the reviewed articles, we found that COVID-19 can affect various aspects of the mental health of hospital staff. Given that COVID-19 is still mutating and it is impossible to predict a specific time for the end of this deadly virus, medical staff must receive the necessary training to improve resilience and emotion regulation strategies.
Metodología CANVAS y su uso pedagógico en la asignatura de Emprendimiento y Gestión
Authors: Paredes Veintimilla Rosalba Verónica , Medina Chicaiza Ricardo Patricio , Silva Castillo Jorge Noe
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo ha asumido como objetivo proponer la metodología Canvas como estrategia pedagógica en Emprendimiento y Gestión. El problema de la investigación fue: los estudiantes de tercero de bachillerato general unificado de una institución pública de la ciudad de Cumandá-Ecuador, no utilizan ninguna metodología en el desarrollo de un plan de negocios. El diseño metodológico posee un enfoque cuantitativo, utiliza la versión 21 de la herramienta SPSS para el análisis de fiabilidad a través de Alfa de Cronach donde se obtuvo como resultado un valor de 0,98; la técnica aplicada fue la encuesta, realizado en Google Forms; se consideró una población de 53 estudiantes. Los resultados que se obtuvieron en la estrategia pedagógica se basaron en cuatro fases: Diagnóstico, Planificación, Aplicación y Control, que fortalecen la destreza del diseño de un plan de negocios. Para su validación se aplicó la técnica Iadov donde se obtuvo un resultado de 1 que equivale a clara satisfacción. Su importancia radica en que permite una mejora en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, puesto que los estudiantes experimentan nuevas estrategias para adquirir habilidades y nuevos conocimientos.
Medidas de prevención ante riesgos de erosión y fenómenos de remoción en masa. Área de incidencia “Ciudad Arcángel”, cantón Ibarra, Ecuador
Authors: Valles Peralta Galo Vinicio , Villalba Calderón Diego Ramiro , Moncada Rangel José Alí , Guzmán Paz José Raúl
Published: February 2022

El manejo de los riesgos permite reducir, prevenir, preparar, dar respuesta, realizar acciones de recuperación, reconstrucción y articular acciones encaminadas a salvaguardar la integridad de la población e infraestructura pública y privada en un territorio. El objetivo de esta investigación fue proponer medidas de prevención ante los riesgos de erosión y fenómenos de remoción en masa, en el área de incidencia del proyecto “Ciudad Arcángel”, cantón Ibarra, provincia de Imbabura, Ecuador. Se aplicó una encuesta a 69 pobladores para conocer las características socio económicas de la población. Se utilizó una ortofotografía, dos modelos digitales de elevación e información del Instituto Ecuatoriano Espacial para elaborar los mapas base, un mapa de susceptibilidad a deslizamientos utilizando el método de la matriz y dos mapas de susceptibilidad a erosión, uno aplicando el método ecuación universal para la pérdida de suelo (USLE) y el segundo a través de interferometría (análisis multitemporal). Los mapas se validaron aplicando una matriz de confusión, identificando áreas susceptibles a deslizamientos y erosión. La población encuestada evidenció una vulnerabilidad a deslizamientos estimada en un 70% y a erosión del suelo en un 67,4%. Las medidas propuestas fueron: fortalecer las capacidades locales para la gestión del riesgo a fin de contar con comunidades resilientes, fortalecer los marcos legales locales con estudios técnicos de sustento y la incorporación de la variable gestión de riesgos en los procesos de planificación territorial, uso y gestión del suelo.
Análisis de los efectos del cambio de uso de suelo en el paisaje del bosque húmedo: una visión al año 2022 en la cuenca del río Cayapas-Ecuador
Authors: Ortega Chuquín Jazmín Ubaldina , Arias Muñoz Dario Paúl
Published: February 2022

El bosque húmedo es un ecosistema que se encuentra categorizado en peligro crítico resultado del incremento de la expansión de la frontera agrícola. En este estudio se analizaron los efectos del cambio de uso de suelo en el paisaje del bosque húmedo: en el hotspot Tumbes – Chocó – Magdalena, en la cuenca del río Cayapas en los años 1982, 2002 y a un futuro proyectado en el año 2022. Para ello se proyectó el uso de suelo al año 2022 mediante el uso del software TERRSET y se utilizó como información base las coberturas de uso de suelo del año 1982 y 2002. Los efectos en el paisaje se evaluaron mediante la obtención de los índices del paisaje como son: área total, índice del parche más grande, número de parches, densidad de borde. Los resultados muestran que el bosque nativo registró una pérdida del 27.53% entre el periodo de 1982 -2002 y para el año 2022 presentó una regeneración natural de 2.7%. El efecto inmediato de esta transición en el bosque húmedo fue la fragmentación debido al incremento en el número de parches de 3 a 1 276 entre el periodo de 1982 – 2022. En consecuencia, los parches de bosque nativo se encuentran alejados entre sí, lo cual dificulta la conectividad y los diferentes procesos ecológicos que se desarrollan en este tipo de ecosistemas.
Análisis numérico de modelos matemáticos unidimensionales aplicados en biología
Authors: Hidalgo Rodríguez Johnny Fernando
Published: February 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como propósito dar a conocer los principales modelos matemáticos unidimensionales aplicados en Dinámica de Poblaciones en lo concerniente al área de la biología (crecimiento de individuos y poblaciones). Estos modelos los cuales son lineales y no lineales, utilizan ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias con condiciones iniciales para describir de mejor forma los fenómenos biológicos. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue la aplicación de Métodos Numéricos de un paso (Heun y Runge-Kutta) y multipasos (Adams-Basforth y Adams-Moulton) para la resolución de problemas de valor inicial, a los modelos matemáticos unidimensionales propuestos, con el fin de realizar comparaciones y determinar qué Método Numérico fue el que mejor se ajustó a la solución analítica de cada Modelo Matemático; para esto, como herramienta informática de apoyo para la representación de los datos y su forma gráfica, se utilizó el programa MATLAB, el cual es un sistema de cómputo numérico que ofrece un entorno de desarrollo integrado con un lenguaje de programación propio. Se obtuvieron los resultados de la aplicación de cada método numérico a la solución analítica de los diferentes modelos matemáticos en estudio; posteriormente  se representaron, graficaron e interpretaron estos resultados y, de toda la información y resultados obtenidos se concluyó que es el método de Runge-Kutta de orden 4 el que mejor se ajustó o aproximó a la solución analítica de cada uno de los cinco modelos; seguido del método de Adams-Basforth de orden 4, el cual sólo presentó problemas al aplicarlo sobre el modelo de Gompertz, presentando un comportamiento inestable en los datos obtenidos. El método que menos se ajustó en todos los modelos es el de Heun de orden dos; el método de Adams-Moulton de orden 4 presentó un comportamiento inestable en los datos obtenidos en todos los modelos elegidos.
Ansiedad Estado Competitiva (AEC), motivación y rendimiento deportivo del equipo de fútbol femenino de la Fundación Universitaria Católica Lumen Gentium, en Cali, Colombia
Authors: Biscué Viáfara Christian David
Published: February 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar el efecto de la motivación y de la Ansiedad Estado Competitiva (AEC) sobre el rendimiento deportivo de ocho mujeres pertenecientes al equipo representativo de fútbol sala de la Fundación Universitaria Católica Lumen Gentium (Unicatólica) ubicada en Cali, Colombia. Se interpretó, desde los postulados de la psicología del deporte, la motivación y la ansiedad estado en situación de competencia. Se caracterizó la AEC en las futbolistas empleando el Competitive State Anxiety Inventory en su versión II revisada (CSAI-2R) registrando un nivel mínimo de 7 y máximo de 23 en ansiedad somática, (Muy bajo-Medio), la ansiedad cognitiva puntuó entre 5 y 15 (Muy bajo-Bajo); Se estableció el nivel de motivación a partir de la Escala de Motivación en el Deporte (EMD) entre 75 y 85 (Alto-Muy alto) en motivación intrínseca, de 24 a 82 (Bajo-Muy alto) en motivación extrínseca; se analizaron los efectos sobre el rendimiento deportivo del equipo utilizando una Planilla de registro del Rendimiento Deportivo. La metodología utilizada fue exploratoria, proponiendo determinar las características de las deportistas seleccionadas por un muestreo no probabilístico con un tipo de estudio no experimental y descriptivo desde un diseño hipotético deductivo. Se halló que la motivación y la AEC inciden en el rendimiento deportivo, se pudo concluir que las deportistas construyen habilidades para obtener resultados positivos en el campo, como el mantenimiento del foco motivacional bajo la presión de la competencia y el aprovechamiento de las destrezas individuales para conseguir un óptimo rendimiento del equipo.
Formulación y caracterización fisicoquímica y sensorial de un queso semimaduro saborizado tipo Andino Carchense
Authors: Manríquez Rojas María José , Paredes Pita Carlos Arturo , Torres Mayanquer Freddy Giovanny
Published: February 2022

Con el propósito de fomentar el desarrollo del sector lácteo en la provincia se formuló y caracterizó de manera fisicoquímica, sensorial y microbiológica a un queso semimaduro saborizado tipo Andino Carchense, utilizando como materia prima leche de raza Pizán. Se realizó un experimento por triplicado bajo un diseño completamente aleatorizado donde se desarrollaron dos fases. La primera, referente a la contextualización del queso, evaluando materia prima proveniente de dos razas de ganado, tipo de microorganismos y la temperatura final de desuerado donde se obtuvo el mejor tratamiento mediante un análisis sensorial, correspondiente a el uso de leche de raza Pizán, cultivo láctico L. delbrueckii y L. helveticus, temperatura de desuerado de 44°C y madurado por 28 días. Con este tratamiento se procedió a la segunda fase, en la que se evaluó la adición de salsas y el recubrimiento a la corteza, donde presentó mayor aceptabilidad el tratamiento saborizado con pesto, madurado por 28 días y con un recubrimiento de especies deshidratadas. Los mejores tratamientos fueron sometidos a un análisis de grasa, proteína y humedad dando como resultado 39%, 10,5% y 51% respectivamente, porcentajes que se encuentran dentro de NTE INEN 2607. En el análisis microbiológico se determinó la ausencia de Enterobacteriaceas y Staphyloccocus aureus, denotando que el producto es completamente inocuo. Mediante estas afirmaciones se concluyó que la leche de raza Pizán cumple con los parámetros fisicoquímicos requeridos para la elaboración de quesos madurados debido a su alto contenido de macronutrientes.
Integrated indices as a criterion for evaluation of the level of endogenous intoxication for leptospirosis in dogs
Authors: Radzikhovskyi M. , Nedosekov V. , Dyshkant O. , Sokulsky I. , Antoniuk A. , Rusinko M.
Published: February 2022

One of the most important directions in the development of modern veterinary medicine is the improvement and implementation of modern methods of diagnosis and prognosis of diseases based on determining the degree of dysfunction and the possibility of correcting the protective functions of the body. for most veterinary clinics, the study of the immunological status of animals is not available, and clinical blood tests make it possible to determine the assessment of the functional state of the immune system by integrated hematological parameters. In the article on the basis of blood formulas that reflect the state of neurohumoral homeostasis and immunological reactivity of the organism, for the first time investigated and established violations of humoral and cellular immune systems, micro- and macrophage systems, reduced nonspecific protection and found relationships between immunity in 23 dogs with leptospirosis, which calculated 19 markers of inflammatory activity, endogenous intoxication, adaptation, nonspecific and immune reactivity. The study was conducted in veterinary clinics in zhytomyr and kyiv, blood for the study was taken from the superficial vein of the forearm v. anterbrachium, medial subcutaneous vein or subcutaneous tibial vein v. saphena. Diagnostic studies to confirm leptospirosis were performed using rapid tests Combo Test IgG Ab/IgM Ab, vetlaboratories and elisa on the basis of a private veterinary laboratory of Llc “Bald” in Kiev. The interpretation of integrated leukocyte blood parameters revealed the development of autoimmune processes with suppression of cellular immunity and the development of endogenous intoxication, which indicates an increase in total (P < 0.01), leukocyte (P < 0.05) and nuclear index (P< 0.001). Suppression of the immune response and increased hypersensitivity of the immediate type based on a decrease in non-specific reactivity by P < 0.001 and inflammation index by P < 0.05. It is proved that integrated hematological parameters of peripheral blood increase the informativeness of the general analysis of blood in dogs with infectious diseases and allow to determine not only the degree of reactivity of the organism, but also to assess the level of endogenous intoxication.
Distribution and nosological profile of nematodoses of the digestive tract of sheep in farms of Poltava region
Authors: Melnychuk V. , Yevstafieva V. , Yuskiv I. , Zhulinska O.
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to study the current state of the fauna of pathogens of nematodoses of the digestive tract of sheep in the Poltava region. The work was performed based on the Laboratory of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary Sanitary Examination of Poltava State Agar University and in the conditions of sheep farms of various forms of ownership in the Poltava region. According to the conducted research, for the first time, a detailed description of the fauna of nematodes parasitizing in the gastrointestinal tract of sheep in the climatic conditions of the Poltava region is given. Generic and species identification of isolated helminths was performed. Indicators of intensity and invasions and abundance index of detected nematodoses of sheep were established. It was determined that the fauna of nematodes of the digestive tract of sheep is represented by 15 species of helminths belonging to 2 classes: Adenophorea and Secernentea, 5 series: Trichurida, Enoplida, Strongylida, Rhabditida, Oxyurida, and 12 genera: Trichuris, Haterongia, Haemonchus Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Aonchotheca, Oesophagostomum, Scriabinema, Chabertia, Strongyloides, Cooperia, Bunostomum. Detected nematodes are geohelminths that cause the following diseases in sheep: trichuriasis, haemonchosis, ostertagiosis, trichostrongylosis, nematodirosis, oesophagostomosis, chabertiosis, cooperosis, bunostomosis, scriabinemosis, capillariasis, and strongyloidosis. It was found that the total infestation of sheep by nematodes was 78.10 %, the intensity of the invasion ranged from 1 to 93 specimens, and the abundance index – from 0.01 to 21.39 samples. The most common in the study region were nematodes of four species: H. contortus (P – 60.81 %, II – 24.15 spec./head, AI – 14.69 spec.), O. circumcincta (P – 60.81 %, ІІ – 29.75 spec./head, AI – 18.09 spec.), T. colubriformis (P – 59.08 %, ІІ – 36.21 spec./head, AI – 21.39 spec.) and T. ovis (P – 55.04 %, II – 24.19 spec./head, AI – 13.31 spec.). Isolated nematodes of T. colubriformis and H. contortus are pathogens of zooanthroponoses and are dangerous to humans, indicating the study's relevance and importance. The obtained scientific data will increase the effectiveness of measures to control and prevent nematodoses of the gastrointestinal tract of sheep in farms of the Poltava region.
Конституційно-правові питання виконавчої влади : навч.-метод. посібник для здобувачів вищої освіти ступеня доктора філософії у галузі знань 08 “Право”, спеціальність 081 “Право”
Authors: Терлецький Д. С. , Батан Ю. Д. , Олькіна О. В. , Констанкевич Ю. З.
Published: February 2022

Навчально-методичний посібник присвячено системному конституційноправовому аналізу актуальних питань організації та здійснення виконавчої влади в Україні та співвіднесених з нею процесів публічного управління та адміністрування. Посібник підготовлено відповідно до вимог державних освітніх стандартів для викладачів закладів вищої освіти та здобувачів вищої освіти ступеня доктора філософії у галузі знань 08 “Право”, спеціальність 081 “Право”.
Refugee claimants and access to permanent housing in the City of Toronto
Authors: Safi Elaha
Published: February 2022

Toronto continues to be a major recipient of refugee claimants and understanding the complexities of their housing trajectories is critical in ensuring they successfully integrate into society. This Major Research Paper (MRP) sets out to expand current understanding about challenges refugee claimants face in their search for permanent housing in the City of Toronto and highlight the coping strategies they have developed to navigate around these barriers. In 2011, a research team led by York University urban social geographer Valerie Preston completed a comprehensive study that compared the housing experiences of different immigrant groups, including refugee claimants, as part of a larger Pan-Canadian study. This study set the foundation

for my research, as I followed the same methodological path to determine if Preston’s findings still hold value and what new trends have emerged. This paper provides a high-level overview of Toronto’s Housing Market and provides background on the current state of refugee housing in

the City of Toronto to illustrate the intricacies of the local context. In order to understand the barriers, qualitative research in the form of expert interviews was also conducted with service providers who offer settlement services to refugee claimants. A total of seven interviews were

conducted, transcribed and analyzed to identify themes. Interviews with service providers revealed that the most significant barriers were housing market and Affordability, employment, Toronto- specific programs, and systematic gaps. Common coping mechanisms on the other hand, included sharing accommodation and moving beyond the GTHA. Comparisons are made throughout this paper between findings from the Preston study and my research findings.

Keywords: refugee claimants, refugees, Toronto, discrimination, housing affordability.