bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Difference of Vitamin D and Calcium Levels in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy
Authors: Lola Pebrianthy  , Nurelilasari Siregar  , Ayusdiningsih
Published: November 2023

Background: The incidence of preeclampsia is still high in the world and in Indonesia. In obstetric care, preeclampsia still a big problem and is a cause of increasing maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. This research aimed to discover the difference of vitamin D and calcium level in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.

Methods: The design of this study was cross sectional and conducted in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang and Lubuk Buaya Public Health Center between February 2017 â€“ November 2017. Sample in this research were 25 women with over 20 weeks of pregnancy who are diagnosed with preeclampsia and 25 women with normal pregnancy, gathered using consecutive sampling technic. The vitamin D levels were examined using ELISA and calcium levels using ARSENAZO method. The results were tested for data normality using Shapiro-Wilk, and then the unpaired T-test was performed.

Results: The result of this research showed mean vitamin D levels of 417.42 Â± 176.02 pg/mL in preeclampsia and 437.16 Â± 165.13 pg/mL in normal pregnancy, with p > 0.05. The meancalcium levels were 9.51 Â± 1.123 mg/dL and 9.86 Â± 0.96 mg/dL in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy, respectively, with p > 0.05.

Conclusion: From this research, the author concludes that there were no significant differences of vitamin D in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy, and there were no significant differences of calcium in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.
Relationship between Diet and Family Income with Malnutrition in Toddlers in the Working Area of Mamajang Health Center, Makassar City
Authors: Kartini
Published: November 2023

Malnutrition is a health disorder due to a lack or imbalance of nutrients needed for growth. The incidence of malnutrition in toddlers based on data from the Mamajang Health Center in Makassar City in 2019 was 39 toddlers. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between diet, family income and the incidence of malnutrition in children under five in the working area of the Mamajang Public Health Center, Makassar City. This research is a type of quantitative research with observational analytic methods and a cross-sectional study design. The number of samples in this study was 39 toddlers or total sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by chi-square test. The results showed a significant relationship between diet (p-value = 0.003) and family income (p-value = 0.005), with the incidence of malnutrition in toddlers.
Processing of Red Ginger Powder Drink to Improve the Immune System During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hasni Yaturramadhan  , Anwar Syahdat
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Covid-19 is a disease that must be watched out for because of its relatively fast transmission and has a mortality rate that cannot be ignored and there is no definitive therapy. The body's immune system is important for maintained in this covid-19 era, in addition to consuming adequate nutrition, regular rest, supplements that contain lots of vitamin C and good sources of antioxidants for consumption. The purpose of this research is to make red ginger powder drink to improve the immune system.

Methods: Experimental Research conducted at the Traditional Medicine Laboratory, Pharmacy Study Program, Undergraduate Program, Aufa Royhan University.

Results: Based on the water content test that the water content in ginger powder is 1.30%. As well as the Organoleptic Test Conducted, Panelists Liked Red Ginger Powder Drink.

Conclusion: Antioxidants in Red Ginger Can Boost the Immune System
Extraction of Essential Oil From Red Lettage (Andropogon Citratus DC) with Microwave Hydrodestillation Method
Authors: Yulia Vera  , Hasni Yaturramadhan
Published: November 2023

Essential oil derived from the red citronella plant (Andropogon Citratus DC) is usually used as fragrance and other ingredients. This study aims to study the extraction of essential oil from red lemongrass by hydrodistillation method with the help of microwave heating or known as microwave hydrodestillation. In the microwave hydrodestillation method, water is used as a solvent and using a conventional microwave with a power of 300 W and extraction time of 3 hours. The results of the study using the microwave hydrodestillation method obtained a yield of 0.5704%.
Identification of Specific Gravity and Solubility in ethanol from citronella oil
Authors: Anwar Syahadat  , Ayus Diningsih
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Essential oil is also known as ethereal oil or flying oil (ethereal oil, volatile oil) produced by plants. The oil is volatile at room temperature without decomposition, has a bitter taste, smells good according to the smell of the plant that produces it, is generally soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water. At high concentrations, essential oils can be used as local anesthetics, for example clove oil is used to treat toothaches, but can damage mucous membranes. Most essential oils also have strong antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Methods: This research is a laboratory-based experimental study.

Results: Based on the specific gravity test, the tested lemongrass oil has good quality because it meets the requirements of the Indonesian National Standard, namely the specific gravity must be in the range of 0.880 - 0.922. From the tests carried out twice (duplo) the results obtained were in that range with the value in the first

Conclusion: The density of citronella oil is 0.8800 and the test sample meets the requirements of SNI. The solubility in ethanol of citronella oil is 1: 2 clear, the test sample meets the requirements of SNI.
Formulation of Gel HandSanitizer Ethanol Extract Salam Leaves with Carbopol and Na CMC as Gelling Agent
Authors: Cory Linda Futri  , Hasni Yaturramadhan
Published: November 2023

Hand sanitizer gel has been widely used as a way to maintain hand health and hygiene that is practical and easy to carry. Generally hand sanitizer gels contain alcohol compounds as antiseptics to kill bacteria, but the use of antiseptic gels that contain alcohol in the long term can cause irritation. Therefore, we need natural alternative materials that are friendly to the skin and do not irritate the skin, one of the plants that has antibacterial power is bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum). The purpose of this study was to determine the formulation and physical properties of hand sanitizer gel from bay leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum). This research is an experimental study with research data presented descriptively. The gel was made in three formulas with different carbopol concentrations, namely 0.2%, 0.5%, and 3% Na CMC. The evaluation of the physical properties of the gel included organoleptic, homogeneity, dispersibility, adhesion, and pH tests. The results of the evaluation showed that formula 1 (Na CMC 3%, ethanolic extract of bay leaf 12.5%) and formula 2 (carbopol 0.2%, ethanolic extract of bay leaf 12.5%) fulfilled all the requirements for evaluating the physical properties of the gel which included organoleptic test, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and pH. While formula 3 (carbopol 0.8%, ethanol extract of bay leaf 25%) did not meet the physical properties test, namely the dispersion test.
Analysis of Vitamin A, C and Iron (Fe) Levels in Moringa Leaf-Based Pudding
Authors: Reski Zulhijjani  , Nur Afni  , Ayu Lestari
Published: November 2023

Moringa Oleifera is a tropical plant that is easy to grow in trofical areas such as Indonesia. Moringa plant are shrubs with a height of 7-11 meters and thrive from lowlands to an altitude of 700m above sea level. Moringa plants can be used as a whole from the roots, leaves, fruit, flowers and seeds. The high nutritional value in moringa leaves can be used to meet the nutritional needs of nursing mothers and toddlers in their infancy. Moringa leaves contain high carbohydrates, protein, iron, calcium, vitamin C, Vitamin A, and potassium Moringa leaves can be consumed directly as a vegetable or as a food fortification. This research was conducted at the Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty Of Mathematics and natural sciences, Tadulako university. This type of research is a laboratory experimental using a completely randomized design (CRD) which is based on the analysis of levels of vitamins A C and iron (fe) in Moringa leaves pudding with 2 formulations. The results of the analysis of the laboratory tast of the content: analysis of levels of vitamin A vitamin C, iron (fe) with the Spectrophotometric Method. The results of the research show that moringa leaf pudding without sugar and using sugar obtained levels of vitamin A withour sugar (7,7890mg / 100g), levels of vitamin A using sugar (8,120mg / 100g), levels of vitamin C without sugar (26,827mg / 100g), levels of vitamin C using sugar (28,270mg / 100g) levels of iron (fe) without sugar (0.568mg / 100g), levels of iron (fe) use sugar (0.693mg / 100g). This research suggests that people can consume Moriga leaves/ Moriga Leaf pudding, because vitamin A, vitamin C and iron (fe) are quite high and good for health.
The Influence of Behavior of Students of SMP Negeri 1 Sirenja, Donggala Regency on Perceptions of Danger of Drugs
Authors: Rony Gunawan  , Munir Salham  , Sriwahyudin Moonti
Published: November 2023

Drugs are drugs used for medical purposes. Its use is based on a doctor's prescription and under government supervision. Drug use without a doctor's prescription can cause dependence and health problems. This study aims to determine the effect of student behavior in SMP Negeri 1 Sirenja, Donggala Regency, on the Perception of the Danger of Drugs. This type of research is an analytical survey method using a cross sectional approach. Determination of the sample in this study was done by random sampling. Samples were taken as many as 35 people and using Chi-square test data analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of students' knowledge with the perception of the dangers of drugs as evidenced by statistical tests with p value = 0.028 < 0.05, there is an influence of students' attitudes with perceptions of the dangers of drugs as evidenced by statistical tests with p value = 0.044 < 0.05 and there is no effect of students' actions with the perception of the dangers of drugs as evidenced by statistical tests with p = 0.328 > 0.05. This study suggests to always provide information related to the dangers of drugs to students through socialization or counseling so that students better understand and understand the dangers of drugs to reduce the risk of drug abuse.
Emotion Regulation and Impulse Control of Child Victims of Sexual Harassment in Makassar City
Authors: Suhayni Syahran Muhamad
Published: November 2023

This study aims to describe the regulation of emotions and impulse control in child victims of sexual abuse. This research is a qualitative research with a case study approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, unstructured observation and documentation to 10 informants consisting of child victims of sexual abuse, families of child victims of sexual abuse, P2TP2A officers, and health workers in Makassar City. Content analysis is used to identify topics or categories in data. The results showed that child victims of sexual abuse can regulate their emotions and control impulses well if they get help from their surroundings, especially their families. Child victims of sexual abuse are able to be optimistic and never give up because they have a desire to make their parents happy and reach their dreams in the future. It was concluded that emotional support and social support for child victims of sexual abuse play an important role in the formation and improvement of emotional regulation and impulse control in children victims of sexual abuse in the future.
Competence of Public Health Center Health Extension Officers in the Tual City Health Service Work Area
Authors: Diana
Published: November 2023

This research aims to determine health promotion competency through the abilities, attitudes, and skills of Community Health Center extension officers in the work area of the Tual City Health Service. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach. There were 13 informants with the criteria as holders of the Promkes Program at the Community Health Center. Data collection techniques use in-depth interviews and activity documentation. The research results show that the officers' abilities regarding health promotion, competence, strategies, methods, and media use are still based on experience because the professionalism of extension officers has not been standardized. Officers' efforts still need to meet national standard health promotion coverage. The attitude of officers needs to be improved because it is hampered by the lack of supporting facilities and infrastructure for counseling and the monotonous creativity of officers due to lack of training. Officers' skills in using media are adequate, although still limited to print media and cross-sector collaboration. Difficulty accessing transportation and lighting equipment (electricity), especially at community health centers located on islands, is the cause of hampered health education.
Smoking Behavioral Intentions of Nursing Students in Kendari
Authors: Deni
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the smoking behavioral intentions of nursing students in Kendari. The type of research used is qualitative with a case study design. The analysis takes the form of domain analysis using Focus Group Discussion data collection techniques for eight nursing students in Kendari. The research results show that smoking behavior is not based on intention. They start smoking by trial and error and are influenced by social friends. The need for an interpersonal communication approach is supported by policies to implement strict and sanctioned no-smoking areas, both on campus and in nursing students' workplaces, to minimize their chances of having the intention to smoke.
Pediatría General Tomo 12
Authors: Gutiérrez Ramírez Gennys María , García Mera Jimmy Ricardo , Suarez Lluccha Monica Paola , Martinez Alvarez Yesenia Paola , Cabrera Cabrera Eurídice Alejandra , Salazar Muñoz Kattherine Jennyfer , Gonzalez Calderon Fatima
Published: November 2023

La duodécima entrega de "Pediatría General" representa un hito en la literatura médica pediátrica, ofreciendo una visión exhaustiva y actualizada de los principios esenciales que rigen la atención pediátrica. El libro se distingue por su enfoque clínico y práctico, abordando una amplia gama de temas que abarcan desde el desarrollo normal del niño hasta el manejo de condiciones médicas pediátricas complejas. Cada capítulo se presenta de manera estructurada, proporcionando información detallada respaldada por la evidencia científica más reciente, lo que facilita su aplicación en el entorno clínico.
Knowledge and Attitude of ASHA workers in prevention of Early Childhood caries: A cross sectional study
Authors: Cheruthottathil Ashwini , Faizal C Peedikayil  , Adarsh Mohan  , Tony Varghese  , Meenu Sara Manuel
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Accredited social health activists (ASHAs) are government instituted community health workers as part of the National Rural Health Mission. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of ASHAs regarding Early Childhood caries.
Methods:
A cross sectional survey was carried out among 190 ASHA workers. A self-constructed, 15 items, close-ended questionnaire based on the dental knowledge and the attitude of dental health was translated into regional language using a standardized translation process. The Questionnaire was distributed at the monthly review meeting held at Primary Health centres and their response was taken. The data was analysed and compared on basis on their educational level.  The data were analysed by SPSS Version 24.
Results:
The content validity index of the questionnaire was 0.75 and the face validity was 3.2. The internal consistency was assessed with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and was found to be 0.876. Test–retest reliability is 0.8. The correct responses on knowledge of participants is 55.76% and for the attitude towards child oral health is 74.76%. Study also showed ASHA workers have poor knowledge about first dental visit and oral hygiene maintenance in children (p < 0.05). No statistical difference in knowledge and attitude of ASHA based on their educational level was noticed
Conclusion:
The ASHA workers have only satisfactory knowledge about ECC but their attitude toward the Child Oral Health is good. Therefore training and motivation can help in educating them for preventive community programmes for ECC.
EPOXY-SILICA NANOCOMPOSITE: CREEP RESISTANCE AND TOUGHENING MECHANISMS
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry and Materials, Academy of Military Science and Technology, Ho Ngoc Minh , Ha Quoc Bang ,   Institute of Chemistry and Materials, Academy of Military Science and Technology, Vu Dinh Thao ,   Faculty of Physics and Chemical Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: November 2023

In this article, the effect of modified nanosilica (m-nanosilica) on the mechanical and creep performance of epoxy resin were investigated. At the same time, the toughnening mechanisms of epoxy resin with m-nanosilica were also considered. The results show that the crack pinning and crack deflection mechanism contributes only a small part to nanocomposite, this due to the size of the nanosilica particles is such smaller than crack-opening displacement. The FE-SEM surface fracture shows evidence of the debonding of the nanoparticles from the polymer matrix and the expansion of the holes around the nanoparticles as well as the existence of the plastic deformation zone. Plastic deformation and plastic void growth are the main toughening mechanism in nanocomposite material.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF γ-Al2O3@MgO SORBENT FOR EFFICIENT Pb REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Faculty of Physics and Chemical Engineering, Le QuyDon Technical University, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Kim Thanh
Published: November 2023

This study focuses on enhancing the adsorption capacity for lead ions by introducing MgO onto the surface of γ-Al2O3, forming γ-Al2O3@MgO. The γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via the sol-gel method on a citrate template. MgO was incorporated onto the surface of the γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles, with varying MgO concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15% by weight), achieved through the absorption of magnesium ions onto the material's surface followed by sintering at 773K. The findings indicated that both the γ-Al2O3 and MgO crystalline phases exhibit a cubic structure (Fd3m symmetry group), which is formed within the sample. Although the specific surface area diminished from 166 m2/g to 135 m2/g, the surface basicity increased proportionally to the amount of MgO incorporated into the sample. The impacts of various absorption conditions such as pH, adsorbent mass, and contact time on the Pb2+ ion adsorption capacity was systematically examined. Optimal conditions (pH=7, adsorption time of 8 hours) highlighted that the γ-Al2O3 material containing 10% MgO by weight showcased the highest Pb2+ adsorption capacity at 145 mg/g, surpassing the adsorption capacity of 135 mg/g for the γ-Al2O3 material.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Model Cooperative Learning Tipe Make A Match pada Pendidikan Agama Hindu di Kelas V SDN 1 Tiloan
Authors: Suti Ni Made
Published: November 2023

Penerapan model Cooperative Learning pada Materi Catur Asrama yang dilator belakangi oleh keadaan guru yang menggunakan metode pengajaran konvensional setiap kali pertemuan. Sehingga berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa yang rendah. Oleh sebab itu, peneliti berupaya untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan model Cooperative Learning Tipe Make A Match pada Pendidikan Agama Hindu di kelas V SDN 1 Tiloan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas V SDN 1 Tiloan yang berjumlah 6 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui instrumen observasi aktivitas siswa serta tes kognitif kemudian data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus skor hasil. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas siswa pada siklus I dikategorikan “kurang” karena persentase nilai secara klasikal hanya 44% namun meningkat menjadi “Baik” pada siklus II yaitu dengan persentase nilai klasikal sebesar 88%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat pemahaman peserta didik terhadap materi Catur Asrama di kelas V SDN 1 Tiloan masuk dalam kategori “Baik”.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas X Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran PBL (Problem Based Learning) Di Sma Negeri 2 Petasia Kabupaten Morowali Utara
Authors: Lilik Ermawati Ni Wayan
Published: November 2023

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) ini berdasarkan pada penelitian upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar kelas X melalui penerapan model pembelajaran  PBL  di SMA Negeri 2 Petasia. Adapun Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran PBL dalam pembelajaran pendidikan agama hindu. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X pada SMA N 2 Petasia. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran PBL dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini terlihat dari indikator persentase siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan. Persentase hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I rata-rata persentasenya adalah 20%. Pada siklus II persentase rata-rata hasil belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 80%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran PBL pada pembelajaran Pendidikan agama hindu pada  SMA Negeri 2 Petasia tahun pelajaran 2023-2024
Research on the culture of cabbage and the possibilities of increasing the early production
Authors: Stanciu Ioana
Published: November 2023

The main goal of vegetable growers is to obtain early and quality harvests. In this article, the experiments were carried out in the period 2005–2007, and the culture behavior of new early cabbage hybrids, the influence of plant thickness on the production of cabbage grown in greenhouses and the field and the influence of additional protection were investigated on the early production of cabbage in greenhouses and in the field. During the years 2005–2007, studies were undertaken on the culture behavior of six hybrids and an early cabbage variety, using two different planting plots and two protection systems.
Superelastic Behaviors of Molecular Crystals
Authors: Taniguchi Takuya
Published: November 2023

Molecular crystals have medium mechanical properties between inorganic alloys and organic polymers. The material category of molecular crystals has recently shown unique mechanical responses induced by external stimuli such as light, heat, and force. This review explores the superelasticity of molecular crystals, a phenomenon first discovered by Takamizawa et al. in 2014. Molecular crystals can manifest superelasticity by much smaller stresses than typical shape memory alloys, reflecting weaker intermolecular interactions of molecular crystals. A novel photo-responsive occurrence of superelastic deformation was observed in a chiral salicylideneamine crystal, exhibiting photoisomerization and phase transition. This process, involving torsional bending and superelastic deformation within a single crystal, could offer new functionalities in photo-responsive materials. Furthermore, it was found that superelasticity is prevalent across the molecular space by an informatics approach. As data accumulate, materials informatics may unveil the underlying relationship between superelasticity and the structures of molecular crystals, potentially enabling innovative material design.
Early Advancements in Turbulence-Generated Noise Modelling: A Review
Authors: Rout Siddharth
Published: November 2023

Turbulent flows generate a broadband of acoustic noise, which can be extremely important. So, there is need for modelling the generation and propagation of acoustic energy in fluid flows, especially turbulent. This chapter reviews the research work conducted to identify and quantify the noise field generated in turbulent flows. The story starts with the journey of experimental identification and measurement of noise generated from vortices. Various analytical models there were developed, soon after, the popularity of turbulence generated is discussed. The base path-breaking research on quantifying noise generation from conservation laws including Navier–stokes equations is discussed and further used for approximation of acoustic intensity by acoustic analogy with electrostatic quadrupole near-field and far-field. With the development of computational numerical techniques flow field for complex geometries and higher fidelity became possible. The candidates for relevant computational methods are touched and integration with turbulent models is discussed. Finally, a case of simulation of noise generation for turbulent flow over airfoil using acoustic equations and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulent model is reviewed.
Perspective Chapter: Advantages and Challenges of the Mandatory Health Insurance in Uzbekistan
Authors: Odashev Mashrabjonovich Iqboljon
Published: November 2023

This manuscript provides a detailed analysis of the current landscape of mandatory health insurance in Uzbekistan, aiming to offer valuable insights and inform future discussions on the topic. It explores the benefits, challenges, and implications of health insurance for individuals and the healthcare system as a whole. By incorporating perspectives from policymakers, healthcare providers, insurance companies, and the general public, this study examines the opportunities and limitations associated with health insurance coverage. Furthermore, it investigates the impact of health insurance on access to quality healthcare services, financial protection, and overall health outcomes. Case studies, policy frameworks, and empirical evidence evaluate the effectiveness of different health insurance models in addressing the unique needs and challenges faced by Uzbekistan’s population. Additionally, this manuscript identifies strategies for overcoming barriers and improving the affordability, accessibility, and inclusivity of health insurance programs. It offers a comprehensive overview of health insurance in Uzbekistan, contributing to existing literature on health policy and serving as a resource for policymakers and stakeholders involved in designing and implementing sustainable health insurance schemes. Ultimately, this research aims to enhance healthcare systems and ensure equitable access to healthcare services for all individuals in Uzbekistan.
Perspective Chapter: Simulation and Analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar Images
Authors: Blackledge Jonathan
Published: November 2023

The principal model for an image, generated by the interaction of an incident wave field with an inhomogeneous medium, is based on the ‘weak scattering approximation’. This approximation forms the basis for image processing, analysis and image understanding associated with applications over a broad range of frequencies. The physical limitations of such a model are typically overcome by introducing an additional stochastic field term that takes into account those effects that do not conform to the weak scattering approximation, coupled with background ‘system noise’. In this chapter, a solution to the scattering problem is presented, which is based on an exact scattering solution. An application of this solution is then considered which focuses on developing a model for a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image of the earth’s surface. By assuming that the surface is a fractal (a Mandelbrot surface), it is shown how an overhead optical image of the surface may be used to simulate a SAR image. The purpose of this is to generate training data for developing computer vision solutions using machine learning for autonomous navigation using SAR and for target detection in cases where only optical image data are available.
A History (Re)Interpretation in the Name of Truth: Memory Culture and Cultural Policy in Poland after 1989
Authors: A. Dahl Izabela
Published: November 2023

The focus of this contribution lies in the significance of cultural heritage for various institutional and state actors, and its connection to the well-being of democracy within the country. It is widely acknowledged that Poland, between World War II and 1989, was within the sphere of influence of the Soviet state. Consequently, the teaching and interpretation of history in schools had to adhere to guidelines established by the Ministry of Education. However, the fact that the state retains authority over curricula and syllabi, with specific state institutions responsible for designing the educational program, is generally accepted, and there is a general consensus that in liberal democracies, someone must oversee the school curriculum. At the same time, it is also widely recognized that state institutions and their work on educational policies, as well as the content of education, can be influenced by present political interests. Therefore, the more intriguing question arises: at what point does state influence over the public’s understanding of the country’s history become so significant that it can be considered as state intervention in the national cultural heritage? In other words, when does history in the public sphere become uncomfortably unfamiliar and incomprehensible to generations who have personally experienced the past?
Electrically Conductive Self-Healing Epoxy Composites for Flexible Applications: A Review
Authors: Vu Van-Phu , Thuy Phan Tien
Published: November 2023

The rapid advancement in electronics, electric vehicles, and grid storage has created a growing need for cutting-edge electronic devices. Researchers are actively investigating innovative materials that can withstand mechanical stress, exhibit electrical conductivity, and self-repair to ensure top-tier performance in various scenarios. Traditional polymer materials, though versatile, often lack the necessary qualities to meet the rigorous demands of flexible electronic and energy applications. To address these limitations, a significant breakthrough has emerged with conductive self-healing epoxy composites. These composites incorporate conductive materials into the polymer matrix, providing them with electrical conductivity, making them ideal for use as active components in electronic systems. Moreover, the integration of self-healing mechanisms significantly enhances their durability, countering performance degradation from mechanical stress. This chapter explores the recent developments in electrically self-healing epoxy-based polymer composites, with a focus on intrinsic self-healing mechanisms, evaluation strategies, the design of the conductive network in these composites, and their diverse applications in electronic components. These applications encompass adhesives, anti-corrosion coatings, sensors, EMI shielding, soft actuators, and energy storage/harvesting devices such as supercapacitors, batteries, and nanogenerators. The chapter also addresses the challenges and prospects of advancing flexible devices, paving the way for more reliable and efficient electronic systems in the future.
Understanding the Concept of Health Inequality
Authors: Bibi Erum , Mubashir Anila , Khalid Ghori Aleena , Bibi Anam
Published: November 2023

Health inequality cannot be fully comprehended until the understanding of the concept of health inequity. The former is an unfair allocation of healthcare resources, and the latter is moral in nature. The marginalized individuals, groups and populations in developed and underdeveloped nations remain devoid of equal access to vital healthcare services based on their economic status, gender, age, ethnicity, and class, which determine how an individual would receive health equality. These disparities have the power to wield impact across generations, exert rippling effects on the entire nation, and, remarkably, affect minorities, specific gender, race, ethnicity, class, and individuals with disabilities. Particularly when the world has faced the changes during COVID-19, the governments implementing identifiable strategies to exercise nationwide interventions are somehow successful in decreasing these health disparities, even though still a systematic and structural action plan is to be mandated to achieve long-lasting change by addressing the health determinants of inequality. In the modern era of artificial intelligence, there is a dire need for healthcare organizations to advance and appraise their digital policies and accessible connectivity modes through a wide variety of determinants associated with the digital gap, financial and remote accessibility, and device preferences to the disadvantaged people, especially in rural areas.
Comprehensive Insights into Palliative Nephrology: A Chapter in Contemporary Renal Medicine
Authors: Merchant Asad , Moideen Adel
Published: November 2023

Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) is a global epidemic, affecting more than 800 million people worldwide. Advanced CKD patients experience a substantial symptom burden, compromising their Health-Related Quality of Life. It is crucial for healthcare practitioners to understand the palliative needs of CKD patients, and participate in Advance Care Planning (ACP) and shared decision-making, aligning medical care with patients’ preferences and values. Prognostication tools can help identify those unsuitable for dialysis, leading to consideration of conservative kidney management (CKM), prioritizing supportive care over invasive interventions. Early palliative care referral improves symptom control, patient satisfaction, and goal-concordant care. Symptom management is an important consideration and requires careful consideration of drug dosing and toxicities due to impaired renal function. Dialysis, while extending life, may exacerbate patient suffering; optimizing comfort-oriented therapy can enhance quality of life. End-of-life care, including dialysis withdrawal and hospice care, is a key feature of palliative nephrology, but ethical dilemmas and cultural context must be carefully considered. With an aging CKD population, nephrologists will need to integrate palliative care principles into routine kidney care. This will include improving confidence and competence in providing palliative renal care, and implementing system-level changes to remove barriers to effective palliation and end-of-life care.
Amazonian Animism: Natural World Annotations in Paleoindian Cave Art
Authors: Davis Christopher
Published: November 2023

Cultures that first settled the Lower Amazon basin in Brazil entered rainforests and caves that were already inhabited, long ago, by owls, bats, frogs, and numerous other animals. The animal activities left natural patterns that informed early cultures about viable locations, navigable paths, and ample resources. Rock Art painted in the Monte Alegre hills of Pará, Brazil, on the banks of the lower Amazon River appears to have annotated some of these locations and natural patterns, not always as direct representational art, but sometimes as animistic and mnemonic symbolism. This chapter presents three ways in which the natural world was revered in animistic rock art at Monte Alegre. The first is through inspirations or decisions for where, in the landscape, to paint in red and yellow hues, which may have been triggered by areas where naturally-occurring red and yellow lichen circles grew on trees and rocks. The second is through “patron” animals drawn, and often personified, at the entrance of caves where the natural animal proliferates. The third is through ritual magic of animal drawings “touched” by painted handprints. Amazonian animism is based on a legacy of honoring nature’s patterned relationships.
Changes in Mindfulness Attitude after Parent–Child Interaction Therapy Skills Acquisition: Comparison of Mindfulness Attitude before and after the Parent–Child Interaction Therapy 40 Hours Basic Training
Authors: Kuniyoshi Tomoko
Published: November 2023

I conducted this study to verify that the acquisition of PRIDE skills, an important skill for building good parent–child relationships in parent–child interaction therapy (PCIT), is associated with mindfulness attitude formation. PCIT, which was developed by Eyberg in 1974, is a behavioral therapy based on play therapy in which a therapist provides live coaching from a separate room while parents and children are playing in the same room to improve the parent–child relationship and children’s problem behaviors. The original and unique feature of my study is that I discussed PRIDE skills and mindfulness from the perspective that both are related to attentional control functions. The mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS) Japanese version was used as a measure of mindfulness. I compared the MAAS score of seven graduates who mastered PRIDE skills before and after 40 hours of PCIT International Prescribed Training Workshop, and as a control group, I compared the MAAS score of six non-training participants. As a result, the MAAS score had a significantly decreased tendency only in the PCIT group. It was suggested that mindfulness tendency may have increased in the PCIT group. PCIT may contribute to mindfulness attitude formation through improved attention and awareness. This study was approved and conducted by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Human Sciences, Kobe College. There are no conflicts of interest.
Assessment of Brain Inhibitory Function in Physical Therapy
Authors: Fujikawa Shoya , Sawai Shun , Yamamoto Ryosuke , Nakano Hideki
Published: November 2023

Interhemispheric inhibition is an inhibitory function of the brain that enables complex human locomotion and plays an important role in motor control. Traditionally, interhemispheric inhibition has been assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalography. However, motor overflow and bimanual coordinated movements have recently attracted attention as behavioral indices involving interhemispheric inhibition. Motor overflow is defined as the presence of involuntary movements or weak muscle activity that appears with voluntary movements and has been found to occur mainly in the elderly, children, and those with central nervous system diseases. In addition, interhemispheric inhibition is involved in bimanual coordinated movements associated with interhemispheric motor control and information processing. This chapter outlines motor overflow and bimanual coordinated movements as new behavioral indices of interhemispheric inhibition and proposes assessment methods that can be performed in physiotherapy clinics.
Distinguishing Partisan and Extremist Brains?: Research Paths Toward Neural Signatures of Violent Radicalism
Authors: Tobeña Adolf
Published: November 2023

Neuroimaging of political ideologies (left-wing vs. right-wing; conservatism vs. liberalism), unveiled brain systems for mediating the cognitive and affective inclinations of partisanship. Brain networks related to deliberation and cognitive control, as well as those processing subjective values and social norms, were mainly involved. Correlational links from normative people were corroborated by brain lesions and focal transcranial stimulation techniques. Neuroimaging studies with extremists ready to endorse violent actions are scarce and do not provide fully concordant maps with those coming from people with strong partisanship allegiances. The present review discusses the advances made in the description of the neural systems that mediate both ordinary partisanship (the “partisan brain”), and radicalized extremism prone to violence (the “extremist brain”), signaling concomitances and differences. Further advances might come from unveiling distinctive interactions between prefrontal cortex areas with other cortical and subcortical regions that may help to outline dedicated maps and modes of operation. Moreover, measuring the hardness of beliefs and the strength of value adscriptions together with cognitive flexibility/rigidity, aggressiveness, ambition, high-risk seeking and other individual traits rooted in psychobiological substrates appear indispensable to distinguish between partisanship alignments and violent extremism proneness.
Treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: R. Warrier Anup , Radha Sneha
Published: November 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii is a Priority 1 pathogen under the WHO list for research and discovery of new antibiotics. The epidemiology of the pathogen suggests its relevance as an important “healthcare-associated” pathogen—with the most common clinical syndrome being ventilator-associated pneumonia. Rising rates of carbapenem resistance in this pathogen have necessitated re-purposing of old drugs, use of high-dose regimens, and newer antimicrobial options. Combination therapy for carbapenem-resistant isolates, especially in sicker patients, is now advocated. Here, we describe the traditional treatment options and selection of drugs in multidrug- resistant infections, along with a brief review of the evidence followed by emerging treatment options.
Epitaxial growth of semiconductor alloys by computational modeling
Authors: Vilchis Heber , Camas César , Conde Jorge
Published: November 2023

The research on semiconductor materials has attracted significant interest of researchers in the last few decades, due to their applications in numerous industrial sectors as well as in common life. Particularly, the investigation of these compounds has been improved with the support of the computational model theory. This chapter discusses the application of Molecular Dynamics, a classical computational approach, in the analysis of significant three-dimensional (3D) semiconductor material systems, emphasizing III-V and CIS (copper, indium or gallium as well as sulfur or selenium) families. Specifically, the growth processes and their thermodynamics phenomena are focused on the Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) technique. In addition, this chapter provides considerations about the structural properties. We examine the evolution of the growth process and several important characteristics of the model that provides fundamental information on the structural defects.
Entanglement in High-Energy Physics: An Overview
Authors: Nadir Mohammed
Published: November 2023

This abstract explores the entwined realms of quantum field theory, holography, and the AdS/CFT correspondence, converging upon the enigmatic phenomenon of entanglement within high-energy physics (HEP). At the core of this narrative lies the concept of entanglement entropy—a profound measure of quantum entanglement that threads the connections between quantum information, correlations, and the very architecture of spacetime. As the journey unfolds, the AdS/CFT correspondence illuminates entanglement’s holographic nature, decoding its role in deciphering the enigmas of HEP. Bell’s inequality emerges as a lighthouse, probing the non-local essence of entanglement and challenging the classical boundaries of reality. Quantum cryptography emerges as a practical extension, harnessing the unique attributes of entanglement for secure communication. The tensor product formalism weaves together the quantum tapestry, while gravity—nature’s sculptor of spacetime—molds the dynamics of entanglement within HEP. This abstract paves the path for a chapter that traverses based on original findings, unraveling the secrets of entanglement’s significance within the intricate fabric of high-energy physics. The Nobel Prize in Physics 2022, awarded to Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser, and Anton Zeilinger, enriches this narrative. Their experiments solidify entanglement’s non-locality, bridging the realms of quantum mechanics and HEP. This abstract encapsulates the entangled narrative and its dialog with gravity.
epiretinal membrane
Authors: Tayyab Haroon
Published: November 2023

Epiretinal membrane (ERM) is formed at the vitreoretinal interface that leads to a myriad of visual disturbances includes decrease in visual acuity (VA), stereopsis, contrast sensitivity and metamorphopsia. Most common etiology of ERM is posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and is usually labeled as idiopathic. Secondary ERMs arise from several causes including cataract surgery, retinal tears and detachment, diabetic retinopathy, uveitis etc. Multiple cell lines, cytokines, proteins, and genes play a role in the formation and progression of ERMs. In this chapter, we aim to summarize the current evidence related to etiology, pathophysiology, and management of ERM.
Quinazoline and its Derivatives: Privileged Heterocyclic Scaffolds in Antileishmanial Drug Discovery
Authors: Istanbullu Huseyin
Published: November 2023

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania. Over one billion people are living in areas endemic to leishmaniasis and are at risk of infection. Each year, more than one million new cases are reported. Although few drugs are available for the treatment of leishmaniasis, none of them are ideal due to their high resistance and toxicity risk. Many compounds with quinazoline scaffold were synthesized and reported to have promising antiparasitic and antileishmanial activities. This review aims to evaluate the reported antileishmanial activities of quinazoline and its derivatives with a special focus on their structure-activity relationships.
Knowledge management as a prism to better distinguish useful forms derived from or inspired by games or play activities
Authors: Goria Stéphane
Published: November 2023

Games, play and, by extension, gamification, or playification activities can be seen as sources of inspiration for the development of many and varied devices. The scientific literature on the subject and the tools, activities, or systems used are in full development and focus as much on the characteristics of the forms as on the characteristics of the components themselves. It therefore seemed appropriate and justified to link these uses to knowledge management. Indeed, each aspect of knowledge management can be associated with one or more categories of serious games, serious play, game with a purpose, game-derived, etc. Knowledge management can thus be used as a model for a meta-analysis of game-derived forms employed within organizations. It seems equally relevant to us to reflexively question the categories of jobs inspired by and derived from games, and to define their main characteristics, as contributions to the strands of knowledge management. A whole field of practice and study can thus be revealed at the intersection of those of knowledge management and forms of devices or professional tasks more or less inspired by games.