bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Перспектива развития Российской Федерации
Authors: Чумаков В.А.
Published: March 2024

В статье показаны недостатки индивидуально-субъектного управления общественно – экономической жизнью социалистической державы, вызвавшие разрушение СССР. Повторный капитализм, утвердившийся в РФ, принѐс материальные и духовные страдания трудящимся страны, не имея потенциальной вероятности своего развития. Рассмотрена возможность создания социального государства на обновлѐнных социалистических основах коллегиального соционоосферизма в будущем устройстве России.
Математическое моделирование воздействия экономической деятельности на водные ресурсы
Authors: Меншуткин В.В. , Минина Т.Р.
Published: March 2024

В ноябре 20023 года в возрасте 93 лет ушел из жизни Владимир Васильевич Меншуткин – ученый, основоположник применения математического моделирования и вычислительной техники в биологии, физиологии, лимнологии, океанологии, экологии и экономике. Его работы созданию моделей водных экологических систем были одними из первых в мире. В докладе речь пойдет о работах В.В. Меншуткина только по одному из направлений его научной деятельности – «Математическому моделированию изменений природной среды под воздействием экономической деятельности», от первых работ в 60-х годах прошлого века вплоть до осени 2023 года.
Балльная диагностическая шкала прогнозирования бесплодия у пациенток с интрамуральной миомой матки
Authors: Колесникова С.Н. , Дубинская Е.Д. , Алѐшкина Е.В.
Published: March 2024

Частота встречаемости клинических и фенотипических признаков недифференцированной ДСТ достоверно выше (в 2,5 раза) у пациенток с миомой матки в сравнении со здоровыми женщинами. Ряд признаков нДСТ достоверно ассоциированы с бесплодием при интрамуральной миоме матки (синдром большого пальца/запястья, пролапс митрального клапана, образование гематом при незначительных травмах, множественные пигментные пятна, перекруты придатков матки в анамнезе, сколиотическая деформация позвоночника, варикозная болезнь, железодефицитная анемия). На основании полученных данных с помощью математических расчетов получены значимые диагностические коэффициенты и коэффициенты информативности для ряда признаков нДСТ, выраженные в округленных баллах, что позволяет использовать их в качестве прогностических критериев фертильности/инфертильности при интрамуральной миоме матки. Выявленные клинические симптомы являются, видимо, как системными (проявляющиеся в виде признаков нДСТ), так и локальными (формирование миомы матки и бесплодия).
Эффективность применения новокаиновой блокады по липовцеву и.п. для лечения коров при субклиническом эндометрите
Authors: Семиволос А.М. , Агольцов В.А. , Семиволос С.А. , Падило Л.П.
Published: March 2024

В статье представлены сведения о том, лабораторными исследованиями коров, которые несмотря на многократные осеменения от 3 до 6 раз оставались бесплодными, было установлено наличие субклинического эндометрита у значительного числа животных (29,24 - 38,21% ). Следует отметить, что в 16,98-21,69% случаев шеечно-влагалищная слизь не имела видимых включений гнойного экссудата в виде нитевидных или точечных включений, однако реакция такой слизи со спермой была положительной. Поэтому, отсутствие включений гнойного экссудата в шеечно-влагалищной слизи не может указывать на отсутствие субклинического эндометрита у коров. Микробиома из содержимого матки коров при субклиническом эндометрите была представлена условно-патогенной микрофлорой: S. Uberis, E. Сolli, S. Aqalactiae, Proteus vulgaris, S. pioqenes, Proteus mirabilis и их ассоциации. Основными факторами возникновения субклинического эндометрита по нашим наблюдениям было внесение условнопатогенной микрофлоры в полость матки и травматические повреждения слизистой шейки матки при искусственном осеменении коров ректоцервикальным способом. Установлено, что однократное применение новокаиновой блокады по Липовцеву И.П. в сочетании с антибитикосодержащим препаратом Цевтимаг Форте отечественного производства независимо от сроков введения в течение полового цикла, позволяет добиваться 95,24-100%-ного выздоровления и оплодотворения после осеменения 84,21% коров при субклиническом эндометрите. Кроме того, нет необходимости ожидать наступления половой охоты у коров, чтобы вводить лекарственные препараты в цервикальный канал, как общепринято в ветеринарной практике, что позволяет более оперативно начинать лечение животных при данной патологии матки и существенно снижать число дней бесплодия.
Техническое перевооружение станции диагностирования ТЦ восток
Authors: Афанасьев А.С. , Павлюченков И.Р.
Published: March 2024

В данной статье рассмотрено техническое перевооружение станции диагностирования, связанное с поступлением рынок автомобилей китайского производства. Для поддержания их в работоспособном состоянии необходимо подготовить оборудование компьютерной диагностики. Цель моего исследования изучить оборудование необходимое для компьютерной диагностики автомобилей «FOTON», «SITRAK». В связи с происходящими в мире событиями, российским компаниям приходиться начинать работать с автомобилями китайского производства. Также и сервисным центрам необходимо перестроится на работу с данными автомобилями.
Characteristics of urbanization in the Republic of Azerbaijan and the problems which create it
Authors: Imanova S.H.
Published: March 2024

As we know the level of urbanization in the Republic of Azerbaijan has been developed historically. Socio-economic and national factors, by comprising key demographic factors of the social development, demonstrated its influence to the level of urbanization. Key factors involving the city were the employment of population, opportunities of personal development, education, dynamic life and etc. Directing 63% of key capital investment in Azerbaijan to Baku city caused the referring of internal migration in one scope. Currently, more than half of urban population of the country has been gathered in city aglomeration. Especially, in the years of independence, fast growing of Baku and surrouding settlements caused the development of agglomeration. Baku city, by comprising 2.5% of country territory, gathered 22.8% of its population.
Феномонологическая теория эффекта переключателя
Authors: Муратов А.С. , Алламбергенов Г.Х. , Мамбетияров А.И.
Published: March 2024

Переключение фото ЭДС в (GaAs-ZnSe) многослойных гетероструктурах происходит в начале инфракрасного излучения, т. е. прибор, может быть, использовано для ночного видения. Фотопереключатели, имеющие два или три устойчивых состояниях при различных длинах волн монохроматического света, перспективны для использования в оптоэлектронной связи.
Исследования энергетических характеристик дросселей насыщения, используемых в излучательных электротехнологических установках с темными и светлыми инфракрасными излучателями для питания током сложной
Authors: Птицын Д.В.
Published: March 2024

В статье рассматриваются задачи экспериментальных исследований энергетических характеристик дросселей насыщения, применяемых в излучательных электротехнологических установках с темными и светлыми излучателями для питания током сложной формы
COVID-19 and multiple sclerosis: is there a connection?
Authors: Arkhipov I. E. , Prokaeva A. I. , Zateev A. V. , Kozyreva V. K. , Korobko D. S. , Malkova N. A.
Published: March 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system, which is based on inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration. Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a perception that the virus has an effect on the course of immune processes. The questions of whether the frequency of autoimmune diseases, including the nervous system, and their course has changed have been discussed. Aim of the study was to assess the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of MS during the COVID-19 pandemic from 01.01.2020 to 01.01.2023 in Novosibirsk. In the course of our work, we studied the incidence of MS and the features of the clinical picture of the debut of MS associated with COVID-19 infection. Material and methods. The study included 628 patients with MS living in Novosibirsk with the onset of the disease in the period before the pandemic from 01.01.2017 to 12/31/2019 (341 patients) and during the pandemic from 01.01.2020 to 01.1.2023 (287 patients). Results. The incidence rates of MS in Novosibirsk were calculated, it was 7.1 7.6 6.4 7.38 6.92 and 3.2 per 100 thousand population in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The average incidence of MS in the study period before the pandemic was 7.03 per 100 thousand population, during the pandemic – 5.83 per 100 thousand population (critical value of the Student’s t-test = 1.972, with a significance level of a = 0.05). When analyzing the association of clinical manifestations of the onset of MS with COVID-19, it was found that coordination disorders were observed in patients with moderate infection more often than in patients with mild infection (p < 0.05; odds ratio 0.410, 95% confidence interval 0.162–1.035). No statistically significant correlation of clinical manifestations with the severity of infection was shown for patients with primary progressive MS, however, the predominance of the multi-focal nature of disease after a more severe course of COVID-19 was noted (40 %). After the first clinical demyelinating episode in the group of patients with relapsing-remitting MS, the chances of complete recovery in patients with mild infection are 2.8 times higher than in patients with moderate infection (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Thus, as a result of the conducted study, the effect of COVID-19 on the change in the incidence of MS was not revealed. In the process of analyzing the clinical features of MS during the pandemic, it was found that COVID-19 infection can contribute to an unfavorable course of MS with worse recovery of neurological deficits after episodes of exacerbations, which leads to the accumulation of disability of patients.
Study of the possibilities of non-invasive assessment of increased intracranial pressure according to MRI data on the example of patients with secondary intracranial hypertension
Authors: Sidikov N. N. , Bogomyakova O. B. , Stankevich Yu. A. , Tulupov A. A.
Published: March 2024

Modern methods of neuroimaging make it possible to develop approaches for assessing intracranial pressure as a replacement for the “gold standard” of invasive monitoring. Aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of using magnetic resonance (MR) characteristics to assess the increase in intracranial pressure in patients with secondary intracranial hypertension. Material and methods. Group 1 – 40 patients with brain tumors, group 2 – 15 patients with communicating hydrocephalus, control group – 36 individuals. The patients underwent MRI with measurement and evaluation of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), the optochiasmal cistern and the pituitary gland vertical sizes, and tortuosity of the ON. Patients of the 2nd group underwent a phase-contrast MRI with an assessment of the velocity and volumetric characteristics of blood and cerebrospinal fluid flows with the calculation of the intracranial compliance index (ICC). Using the FreeSurfer program, the brain volumes were estimated. Results and discussion. A statistically significant increase in ONSD was found in the groups of patients compared with the control group (by 24 %, p < 0.05), decrease in the vertical size of the pituitary gland and an increase in the vertical size of the optochiasmal cistern (p < 0.05), as well as ICC lowering in group 2 (by 1.7 times, p < 0.05). Tortuosity of ON in group 1 was observed more often than in other groups. A statistically significant positive correlation between ONSD and brain volumes in group 1 (r = 0.55, p < 0.05) and a negative correlation between brain volumes and ICC in group 2 (r = –0.86, p < 0.05) has been found. Conclusions. Based on the presented results, we believe that the combined use of qualitative and quantitative MRI criteria can expand the diagnostic capabilities of non-invasive assessment of increased intracranial pressure.
Mathematical model of the dependence between cerebral ventricular size and capillary pressure in laboratory animals
Authors: Cherevko A. A. , Valova G. S. , Petrovsky D. V. , Akulov A. E.
Published: March 2024

Aim: To adapt a mathematical model describing the interaction between fluid media and brain matter for the purpose of definition of the dependence between brain ventricle size and capillary pressure in laboratory animals of two genotypes, BALB/c and C57BL/6. Material and methods. The study included 4 male mice of each inbred strain C57BL/6 and BALB/c at the age of 12 weeks. The brain and cerebrospinal fluid system images were obtained using an 11.7 T horizontal MR scanner (Bruker, BioSpec 117/16 USR, Germany). An axial section at the level of -0.5 mm from bregma was chosen as the geometry for mathematical modelling. To describe the data obtained, the mathematical model was adapted by selecting a scale factor based on the known values of the cerebrospinal fluid formation rate for humans and mice. Results and discussion. The same qualitative pattern of relationship between capillary pressure and mean ventricular wall displacement was observed for all animals considered. Although the selected genetic strains of BALB/c and C57Bl mice differ significantly in terms of cerebral ventricle size, these differences in animal genotype did not affect the nature of this relationship. Changing the parameters of the fluid media interaction in the area of compression or moderate ventricular dilation almost does not lead to an exit from the physiologically acceptable capillary pressure value. In this case, the size of the ventricles changes significantly. In the area of large ventricular dilation, in contrast, there is little change in ventricular size, and this is accompanied by a dramatic increase in capillary pressure far beyond physiologic limits. Thus, the change in ventricular size is an adaptive process associated with pressure fluctuations caused by changes in intracranial fluid flow. The mere fact that some of the values reach the zone of physiologically unacceptable pressures associated, in fact, with death, provided that there is practically no change in ventricular size indicates that such a situation is rarely realized and is possible in case of violation of intracranial fluid media flows associated with the fact that the increase in ventricular size limits adaptive capabilities. Conclusions. The presented animal model will further increase the understanding of the pattern we have established and allow us to move on to attempts at prediction.
Pregnancy in the uterus rudimentary horn (literature review)
Authors: Sulima A. N. , Rumyantseva Z. S. , Kucherenko Yu. A. , Dizha M. A. , Nikolaeva E. I.
Published: March 2024

Pregnancy in the uterus rudimentary horn (PURH) is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy that develops in women suffering from abnormalities in the development of growth and fusion of the Mullerian paramesonephral ducts. A literature search was conducted in the Web of Science, eLIBRARY.ru, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE databases using key words “ectopic pregnancy”, “anomaly”, “complication”, “rudimentary uterine horn”, “diagnosis”, “management”. We selected articles published from 2014 to 2022. A methodological filter was not used to exclude the omission of suitable articles. The study included full-text papers and literary reviews on the subject under study, articles that are not directly related to the topic of PURH were excluded. In order to avoid the inclusion of duplicate publications in the literature review, if two papers by the same authors were found, the study period of each author was studied, and if the dates coincided, the most recent publication was selected. Usually, the PURH is overlooked and can lead to such a formidable complication as hemoperitoneum. Diagnosis and treatment of PURH remains a difficult task. Many women with rudimentary uterine horn have an acute rupture of the uterus during pregnancy. Early diagnosis is the key to successful treatment. Clinicians of various specialties should maintain a high degree of vigilance to prevent morbidity associated with this life-threatening condition.
Study of the anti-exudative activity of new 3-cyano-1,4- dihydropyridines, cyanotioacetamide derivatives, on the model of acute formalin edema
Authors: Bochev A. V. , Bibik E. Yu. , Krivokolysko S. G. , Frolov K. A.
Published: March 2024

The inflammatory process accompanies most of the pathologies and requires pharmacological correction. In spite of significant achievements of scientists in the field of medicine and pharmacology, existing steroid and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs have a number of undesirable reactions. To date, one of the most urgent directions is the search for new effective and safe drugs with anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-exudative properties of new 3-cyano-1,4-dihydropyridines, cyanothioacetamide derivatives in the classical test of acute formalin edema. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 88 white rats weighing 210–250 g. The effectiveness of compounds was determined in a model of acute formalin edema, which was induced by subplantar injection of 0.1 ml of 2 % formalin solution into the right hind limb of the animals. The severity of exudation was evaluated oncometrically in comparison with reference drugs – ibuprofen, indomethacin, meloxicam and metamizole sodium. The studied substances were administered intragastrically at a dose of 5 mg/kg 1.5 hours before the induction of inflammation. Results. It was found that some compounds exhibit anti-exudative activity, more pronounced or similar to the activity of reference drugs. The laboratory sample with code mar-137 was the leading sample and outperformed the comparators; 24 hours after the modeling of edema, it exceeded ibuprofen (by 2.39 %), metamizole sodium (by 4.77 %) in anti-exudative efficacy and had an anti-inflammatory effect similar to the activity of indomethacin and meloxicam. Conclusions. Newly synthesized laboratory samples of 3-cyano-1,4-dihydropyridines, cyanothioacetamide derivatives, were found to exhibit pronounced anti-exudative activity and are of interest for further research as a new class of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Association of polymorphic variants of genes of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis, taking into account gender features
Authors: Alymenko M. A. , Valiev R. Sh. , Valiev N. R. , Polonikov A. V. , Kolomiets V. M. , Tragira I. N. , Ragulina V. A. , Mal G. S. , Popova E. V. , Balobanova N. P. , Batishchev A. V.
Published: March 2024

Aim of the study was to investigate susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in men and women depending on polymorphism of genes of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes NAT2 (590G> A (rs1799930)), CYP2E1 (9896C> G (rs2070676)), ABCB1 (3435T> C (rs1045642)), GSTM1 (E/D) and GSTT1 (E/D). Material and methods. The study included 335 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis aged 18 to 65 years (212 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and 123 people with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis receiving intensive phase of chemotherapy). Statistical data processing was carried out on a personal computer using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 and MS Excel 2013 software packages. The control group consisted of relatively healthy individuals without chronic diseases. Genotyping of polymorphisms NAT2 (590G>A (rs1799930)), CYP2E1 (9896C>G (rs2070676)), ABCB1 (3435T>C (rs1045642)) and extended deletions GSTM1 (E/D), GSTT1 (E/D) was performed using real time PCR. Results. It has been established that the genotype EЕ of GSTT1 gene identified in 89.1 % men was statistically significantly associated with increased susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis, while the genotype DD of the GSTT1 gene (10.9 % cases) was associated with reduced susceptibility. A similar trend is observed in women: the greatest susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis is characteristic for the genotype ЕЕ GSTT1 gene (87.2 %), the least (12.8 %) – for the DD genotype. Conclusions. It is advisable to introduce genotyping of genes of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes into the practice of a phthisiologist in order to develop measures to improve the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Attitude towards the risk-based approach implementation into the russian healthcare system among employees of medical organizations
Authors: Russkikh S. V. , Tarasenko E. A. , Vasilieva T. P. , Moskvicheva L. I. , Gabunia N. Yu. , Makarova E. V. , Dvornikova T. A. , Putilina E. A.
Published: March 2024

Aim of the study was to develop recommendations for improving procedures and unifying the content of risk management of the healthcare system to preserve public health based on an analysis of the opinions of doctors, organizers and experts of the healthcare system. Material and methods. As part of a quantitative online survey conducted from September to December, 2022, 104 respondents working in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation were interviewed. Additionally, 6 in-depth interviews were conducted with the organizers and experts of the healthcare sector as part of a qualitative sociological study. Desk research included analysis of scientific literature, and the regulatory framework related to the introduction of a risk-based approach to healthcare. Results and discussion. The article presents an analysis the perception of risks in healthcare by doctors, organizers and experts at the level of a medical organization, of the healthcare system and of public health (macro level), with the identification and classification of the main risk groups, on the basis of which risk-management’ measures can be built. The results of the study testify to the insufficiently deep introduction of risk management into the management system of medical organizations. The half of the respondents noted the low and extremely low level of risk management principles’ usage in their own organizations (50 % of respondents) and in Russian medical organizations in general (58.6 % of respondents). At the same time, from a third to a half of the participants found that it was difficult to answer about risk management implementation in their organizations, due to the lack of a unified methodology, imperfection of standards and quality control system of this set of measures, lack of specialists who could manage risks, lack of educational activities. To introduce a systematic approach to the unification of risk management processes, it is necessary to develop and approve the methodology of best practices, as well as take care of the training of specialists. Conclusions. In order to implement a systematic approach to the unification of risk management processes, it is necessary to develop and approve a methodology of best practices, as well as to take care of the training of specialists. It is imperative that hospital managers and staff focus on improving the organizational culture of patient safety management as the basis for their mission to preserve public health. It is necessary to continue further research in this direction in order to develop a strategy for countering risks at the level of public health as a medical and social resource of society.
Determination of Seed Size Properties of Soybean Cultivars and Their Response under Salinity during Early Growth
Authors: Day S. , Şahin N. Koçak
Published: March 2024

Background: Seed sorting by seed size has been increasingly given importance in Türkiye but little is known about the impacts of seed size of soybean on germination and seedling growth, in regions suffering from salinity problems. Methods: The seeds classified as small (6-7 mm for Ataem, 4-6 mm for Kocatürk, 4-7 mm for Batem Erensoy and 4-5 mm for Göksoy) and large ( greater than 8 mm for Ataem and Batem Erensoy, greater than 7 mm for Kocatürk and greater than 6 mm for Göksoy. Seeds were exposed to 0, 10 and 20 dS m-1 of NaCl. Germination percentage, mean germination time and seedling growth parameters were investigated and compared. Result: Investigations revealed that, regardless of variety small seeds had a high content of chlorophyll pigments and slow and late mean germination time under NaCl stress. Emergence percentage differentiated in relation to seed size large seeds with 90.67% and small seeds with 73.67%. In conclusion, the large seeds produced significantly vigorous germination and seedling growth related to their high nutrient reserves and containing less chlorophyll pigmentation in their seeds. Therefore, care should be taken to select larger seeds, under saline conditions (10 dS m-1).
Mobile Money Taxes: Knowledge, Perceptions and Politics. The Case of Ghana
Authors: Abounabhan Mary , Diouf Awa
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the intricate dynamics surrounding the implementation and reception of mobile money taxes, focusing on Ghana as a case study. Consumer-level mobile money taxes, particularly controversial, have sparked large-scale protests, prompting policy revisions in various countries, including Uganda, Cote d'Ivoire and Benin. Ghana’s electronic transfer levy (e-levy) not only followed this trend of public dissent, but also triggered the country’s first budgetary rejection since 1981. The particularly strong reactions, followed by two rounds of revisions, makes understanding what lies behind public perceptions especially important to inform the ongoing debate within Ghana and the region.
STANDARDISASI INSTRUMEN INTEGRITAS AKADEMIK MELALUI PENDEKATAN CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS DAN RASCH MODEL
Authors: Asdar Ahsanul Khair , Bambang Afriadi  , Muawanah
Published: March 2024

This research was survey research with a quantitative approach that aimed to standardized the academic integrity instruments through the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Rasch Model approaches. The population in this study were all students in universities in Indonesia. The sample used in the study was 452 students (230 students on the first stage and 222 students on the second stage) who were selected using cluster random sampling techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using Gregory analysis (two experts) to obtain the content validity coefficient, factor analysis using the CFA approach, and the Rasch Model. The results showed that the content validity coefficient of the academic integrity instrument was 0,822 (45 items). The results of the CFA analysis according to the first stage trial showed the value of Construct Reliability (CR) and Variance Extracted (VE) for the measurement model was 0,811 and 0,125, while the value of CR and VE for the structural model ​​was 0,940 and 0,763 (six items dropped). The Rasch Model analysis showed one infit item. The results of the CFA analysis according to the second stage trial showed the value of CR and VE for the measurement model was 0,879 and 0,247, while the value of CR and VE for the structural model was 0,950 and 0,918 (one item dropped). The Rasch Model analysis showed all the remaining items in the fit category. The standardized academic integrity instrument consists of 37 statements with dimensions of honesty, trust, fairness, respect, and responsibility.
Green Sukuk Development Strategy in Indonesia: ANP-SWOT Approach
Authors: Alhaq Khairanisa , Nursyamsiah Tita , Muthohharoh Marhamah
Published: March 2024

Green sukuk are State Sharia Securities (SBSN) that put forward the concept of financing programs for environmentally friendly projects. However, since the issuance of this instrument, the number of green sukuk is still small compared to other SBSNs. This study aims to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, and solutions and develop strategies for developing green sukuk in Indonesia. The Analytic Network Process with a SWOT (Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat) network structure is used. Respondents in the study amounted to five experts, consisting of academics, regulators, and practitioners. The results show that opportunities are a top priority in supporting the development of green sukuk. The most influential variables of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are green sukuk which impacts reducing greenhouse emissions and preserving the environment. The number and types of funded projects are limited, increasing public awareness of environmentally friendly sustainable lifestyle trends and reputational risks. The priority strategy for developing green sukuk in Indonesia is increasing awareness of the issue of climate change.
Mapping 5M Abilities (Saintific Ability) In The Learning Process Using The Saintific Learning Approach
Authors: Mahmudah Nurhayatun , Idris Tengku
Published: March 2024

The scientific method, also known as scientific learning, is a good learning technique for individual learning activities during this pandemic. The scientific approach is a strategy that focuses on educating children so they can learn independently through the 5M stages (Observe, Ask, Gather Information, Process Information, and Communicate) during and after Covid. The aim of this research is to map students' 5M (scientific abilities) abilities through learning using a scientific approach to learning. online and face-to-face learning (PTMT) in Biology subject class XI IPA SMAN 1 Tembilahan Hulu. This research is a descriptive research. Data collection was carried out using observation, questionnaires, interviews and documentation. The sampling technique used is random sampling. The sample in this study was 68 XI IPA students. The results of this research show that the application of scientific methods in post-Covid learning is in the good category (77.94%). If you look at each ability, the ability to observe is 89.05% in the very good category, the ability to ask questions is 66.89% and the ability to collect information is 64.37% in the good category, and the ability to process information is 73.4% in the good category. good and communication skills of 74.69% in the good category. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that students' scientific abilities (5M) are in the good category with a percentage of 75.07%.
Developing Instructional Media Android-Based for Building Computational Thinking Skills for High School Students
Authors: Murniatiningtyas Diana , Degeng I Nyoman Sudana , Sitompul Nurmida Catherine
Published: March 2024

This research aims to develop android-based instructional media to build computational thinking skill for High School students using the ADDIE Model.   Computational thinking is studied in informatics subjects. The development product has gained an expert feasibility assessment and tested on students.  The research instruments are questionnaires and test. Experts include content experts, instructional media experts, and instructional design experts.  Trials to students consist of one-on-one evaluation, small group evaluation and tryout or classroom. The results of the assessment of experts show that the product is very feasible to use as instructional media. Small group evaluation and tryout at classroom shown that the product is categorized as very feasible to be used as multimedia to develop computational thinking.  The effectiveness of product development is measured by pretest and posttest.  The effectiveness test results show a t-test value of -14.162 with a significance level of 0.000 (p value < 0.05), meaning that there is a difference in the average value of the pretest and posttest.  Thus, the use of C-Think as an instructional media is effectively to improve computational thinking skills of high school students. 
Highlights:

Development Process: Utilizing the ADDIE Model ensures systematic development of instructional media for effective learning outcomes.

Expert Evaluation: Expert feasibility assessment validates the quality and appropriateness of the developed instructional media.

Effectiveness Testing: Pretest-posttest analysis demonstrates significant improvement in computational thinking skills among high school students using the developed Android-based instructional media.

Keywords: Computational Thinking, Informatic Subject, Media Android-Based
Dynamic near-seafloor sediment transport in Kaikōura Canyon following a large canyon-flushing event
Authors: Maier Katherine L. , Nodder Scott D. , Deppeler Stacy , Gerring Peter , Frontin-Rollet Grace , Hale Rachel , Twigge Oliver , Bury Sarah J.
Published: March 2024

Submarine canyons are important deep-sea environments and conduits for transferring and accumulating sediment and organic matter and pollutants. Recent advances in observing, sampling, and analyzing modern canyon sediment transport systems illustrate near-seafloor dynamics and highlight the potential roles of submarine canyons in transporting and storing organic carbon, nutrients, and contaminants in the deep sea, with implications for deep-sea ecosystems and global carbon budgets. Kaikōura Canyon, offshore northeastern Te Waipounamu South Island, Aotearoa New Zealand, is a benthic biomass hotspot that experienced an earthquake-triggered, canyon-flushing event in 2016. On return to the canyon in October 2020, benthic landers, with sediment traps at 2 m above the seafloor, were deployed along the canyon axis in ∼ 900–1500 m water depths for a period of three weeks. These instrumented platforms provide a detailed view of near-seafloor sediment and organic-carbon transport between canyon-flushing events, showing that the canyon environment hosts dynamic physical processes and short-term sediment fluxes and transport. Variations in sediment and organic carbon flux down-canyon and over time include small-scale sediment transport events, some of which are interpreted as turbidity currents, occurring on much shorter timescales than earthquake recurrence. We compare Kaikōura Canyon results with other longshore-fed, shelf-incised global submarine canyons and deep-ocean sites, revealing differences and likely multiple controlling factors for near-seafloor sediment flux. This Kaikōura Canyon high-resolution, benthic lander timeseries dataset highlights the complexity of submarine canyons and their role in organic carbon flux to the deep ocean, even under high present-day sea-level conditions. Evolving insights underscore the need for more observational data and samples to further quantify submarine canyon sediment and organic-carbon transport and contribute to global evaluations of deep-sea canyon distributary systems.
Association of Autism Spectrum Disorder in an Iranian Pedigree with a Novel Hereditary Mutation in SETD5
Authors: Hashemipour Mehdi , Sheikh-Hosseini Motahareh , Mabudi Hadideh
Published: March 2024

Autism spectrum disorder has evolved from a rare childhood-onset disorder to a widely acknowledged, extensively researched, and heterogeneous lifelong condition. This study focuses on an Iranian pedigree affected by autism spectrum disorder. By employing whole-exome sequencing, we detected a novel heterozygous (c.3694T>A: p.Tyr1232Asn) in exon 22 (NM_001080517.3) of the SETD5 gene. The presence of this mutation was consistent with observed clinical features, confirming the genetic basis of autism spectrum disorder in the patient and his father. In contrast, the mother, with a normal genotype, did not exhibit the identified mutation. Genetic counseling implications are underscored by the shared heterozygous mutation in both, emphasizing the importance of incorporating genetic insights into psychological counseling. This integration can empower families with informed strategies to navigate the challenges associated with autism spectrum disorder, fostering resilience and tailored support.
Unintended Consequences: Exploring Iatrogenic Injuries in Cesarean Section Deliveries
Authors: Shala Sahadete , Krasniqi Merita , Gashi Astrit
Published: March 2024

Cesarean delivery (CD), or C-section, which prevents injury and death in mothers and babies at higher risk of complicated deliveries, like any surgery, does carry a risk of complications. By reviewing the medical literature and analyzing documented CD cases, we examined the spectrum of iatrogenic injuries, including unintentional injuries, affecting both maternal and neonatal outcomes. This case report describes iatrogenic bladder damage after CD in a 31-year-old woman who had a previous emergency CD two years ago. This case calls for a comprehensive approach to minimize iatrogenic risks and optimize maternal and neonatal well-being during repeat СD.
Harlequin Ichthyosis – Genetic and Dermatological Challenges: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Elshani Brikene , Gashi Astrit , Selimi Besa , Elshani Arion
Published: March 2024

Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is an extremely rare and severe genetic skin disorder characterized by thick, diamond-shaped scales covering the body, often giving the appearance of a harlequin costume. This paper provides an overview of the genetic and dermatological aspects of HI, delving into its etiology, clinical manifestations, and management. The genetic underpinnings of HI involve mutations in the ABCA12 gene, leading to impaired skin barrier function and abnormal keratinization. Understanding the molecular basis of the disorder is crucial for accurate diagnosis and potential therapeutic interventions. Clinically, HI presents challenges related to skin integrity, thermoregulation, and potential complications, such as infections. The management of HI requires a multidisciplinary approach involving dermatologists, geneticists, and other healthcare professionals. Supportive care, including emollients, careful bathing, and prevention of infections, is essential to improve the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition. Despite its rarity and severity, advancements in medical research and genetic therapies offer hope for improved treatments and interventions. This paper aims to contribute to the collective understanding of HI, fostering ongoing research and compassionate care for those living with this unique and challenging dermatological condition. We presented a premature eutrophic harlequin baby, born at 32+ weeks of gestation via emergency C-section. A clinical diagnosis was established minutes after birth, based on the typical features of HI, from scaly skin, marked fissures, and limbs in flexion contractures to prominent eclabium and bilateral ectropion.
Aggressive HER2-Positive Gastric Cancer in a Young Patient, Refractory in Trastuzumab and Progressive with Trastuzumab-Emtansine Treatment
Authors: Çmega Vildana , Jashari Armend , Ymeri Lavdim , Memedi Besim , Agaj Atdhe , Jakupi Arlinda
Published: March 2024

Gastric cancer remains a major global health problem. Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. The prognosis of the disease is poor because it is often diagnosed at later stages, especially at HER2-positive. Most patients diagnosed with gastric cancer present with advanced, incurable disease. This report details the case of a 30-year-old male patient diagnosed with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma. Stage T3 N3 M1, PD-L1 0%, and HER2+.The patient was administered neoadjuvant palliative chemotherapy, eight cycles of FLOT, and the last two cycles of HER-FLOT. The patient constantly had elevated levels of liver enzymes, and therefore, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with biliary stenting was performed. After chemotherapy followed by restaging, the tumor board, based on the findings, decided to remove the primary tumor from this young patient. The operation was performed as a palliative da Vinci-assisted total gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy. Then, trastuzumab monotherapy was prescribed. At that time, the patient's follow-up with PET-CT showed progression with hypermetabolic lymph nodes in the paraaortic and aortocaval regions, as well as left hydronephrosis. As a result, we started the second-line therapy with T-DM1, an antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab-emtansine (KADCYLA), for five cycles. At the time of receiving the sixth cycle, the patient's condition changed dramatically due to liver and heart problems, pleural effusion, and bleeding. After two years of treatment, all oncological-specific therapies have been ended, and the patient has been put in palliative care to relieve suffering and to support the best possible quality of life. This case underlines the importance of identifying potential therapeutic targets and developing therapies to improve the outcomes of systemic treatment beyond those currently achieved with conventional chemotherapy and targets.
Matricide by Person with Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Obertinca Bujar , Gallopeni Florim , Shemsedini Nevzat , Hysenaj Arben , Taganovic Besarta , Haxhibeqiri Shpend
Published: March 2024

Matricide is a very rare form of murder and comprises approximately 0.68% of all murders. This scientific paper aims to present a psychiatric evaluation of one of the most macabre murders committed in Kosovo in 2023. The accused temporarily stayed in Germany and committed the act during his stay in Kosovo for vacation. Murder has been associated with marked brutality. Until the moment of committing the act, he has not behaved aggressively towards his sibling or parents because family members have avoided confrontation by fulfilling his wishes. The murder took place in a joint house, where he first stabbed his mother and then decapitated her by placing her head in the basement. After the crime, he manifested the symptoms of acting out by standing on the stairs of the house and quietly waiting for the police. Other family members reported that he never manifested aggressive behavior towards his mother, and she was the one with whom he had the best relationship. This case shows how unpredictable are borderline personality disorders and how a lack of impulse control can lead to murders.
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in Initial Diagnosis and Bone Metastasis Evaluation in Saudi Patients with High-Grade Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mansour Sahar , Al-Khalaf Meshael , Al-Hantoshi Sarah , Al-Mutairi Mead , Al-Asqah Fatima , Al-Subaie Nouf , Al-Qarni Sadeem , Suwaylim Futun , Alkhodiri Rawan , Faden Ola , Albatly Abdulrahman
Published: March 2024

We present the first study performed in Saudi Arabia to evaluate 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in prostate cancer (PCa) initial diagnosis and its added value in bone metastases (BM) diagnosis in such patients. Twenty-six male patients underwent prostate histopathological examination and all imaging studies (68Ga-PSMA PET/CT and CT); all of them were confirmed with high-grade PCa. Patients' mean PSA levels and Gleason score were 5.12±1.12 and 7.0±0.9, respectively. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT (20/26; sensitivity of 76.9%) was superior to traditional CT (18/26; sensitivity of 69.2%) in PCa detection. There was a non-significant association (P=0.206) between patients' age and BM. Based on bone scintigraphy (BS), in patients without BM (n=16), 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT detected metastasis-suspicious lesions in six patients (37.5%) and negative results in ten patients (62.5%). 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT showed no false-negative cases among patients with confirmed BM using BS.In conclusion, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT performed well in PCa initial diagnosis in Saudi male patients with high-grade tumors. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT also accurately detected BM in all PCa patients with confirmed BM by BS. Larger prospective studies are urgently required to compare 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT diagnostic performance with other standard modalities in PCa and BM diagnosis.
Dental Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: Are the Eye Lens and Thyroid at Risk?
Authors: Albahiti Sarah , Jadu Fatima , Badr Fatma , Khalifa Hanadi , Khan Emad , Khafaji Mawya
Published: March 2024

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess radiation dose to the eye lens (EL) and thyroid gland (TG) from 22 protocols used in maxillofacial imaging with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods and Results: NanoDot optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters were used to assess scattered radiation to the EL and TG using a phantom. The dosimeters were secured at four sites around areas of interest. Mean eye radiation dose was significantly associated with field of view (FOV) size (r=0.830, P<0.001). Meanwhile, the mean thyroid radiation dose was found to be significantly associated only with exposure time (r=0.464, P=0.030). Mandible centralization was observed to be the most significant predictor for a greater effective thyroid dose; mandible FOV centralization had 0.236 odds of a higher thyroid dose than maxilla FOV centralization.Conclusion: FOV size significantly impacted EL dose. Thyroid exposure was affected by FOV centralization and exposure time. Centering the FOV on the mandible resulted in a greater effective dose due to the proximity of the TG to the primary beam.
Comparison of Ictal SPECT with 99mTc-HMPAO versus MRI for the Epileptic Seizure Onset Zone Detection in Saudi Patients
Authors: Mansour Sahar , Algaloud Ghada , Aldhawi Madhawi , Alamri Maram , Baghdadi Ruaa , Alhoshan Sara , Khayyat Shahd , Alsuhibani Wajd , Alamri Rawan , Faqeeh Gaafar
Published: March 2024

Background: In the presurgical evaluation of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ictal brain perfusion SPECT with the chemical microspheres 99mTc-HMPAO are widely used for diagnosing the seizure onset zone (SOZ). For both modalities, there is theoretical controversy over favoring one over the other. This study aimed to compare the performance of 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT with MRI for SOZ identification in EEG-proved epileptic Saudi patients. Methods and Results: For this observational retrospective study, the database of the nuclear medicine departments at the Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC) and King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAAUH) were searched for male and female patients with suspected unifocal epilepsy in whom ictal brain perfusion SPECT and MRI had been performed for presurgical evaluation. A total of 14 adult epileptic patients above 18 years were included who have undergone SPECT scans using 99mTc-HMPAO and MRI between Jan 2014 and Dec 2021. 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT and MRI scans were performed simultaneously for each patient, and there was almost general agreement that 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT accurately localized and detected the SOZ in 12/14 patients (sensitivity 85.71%). It was superior to MRI, which detected and localized the SOZ in only 7/14 patients (sensitivity 50.0%). Unfortunately, the specificity of ictal brain perfusion SPECT, by using 99mTc-HMPAO in seizure localization in epileptic patients, was not detected due to the shortage of data that led to all the EEG findings being 100% positive. Conclusion: This study reported that ictal SPECT using 99mTc-HMPAO provides more valuable information about SOZ localization than MRI. However, future studies with a larger sample size are needed to assess the specificity of 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT in detecting the SOZ.