bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Van Kenti Dönüşen Peyzaj Örneğinde İpekyolu ve Milli Egemenlik Parklarının Mevcut Durum Analizleri
Authors: AŞUR Feran
Published: July 2019

Kentlerin

fiziksel yapısını biçimlendiren ve ortaya koyan temel alan kullanımlarından

biri olan açık ve yeşil alanlar kentin planlaması ve tasarımında diğer alan kullanımlarını

bir denge unsuru olarak bütünleştirmektedir. Kentler hem doğal hem insan

kaynaklı tehditlere karşı oldukça kırılgan olan, karmaşık ve öğeleri birbirine

bağlı sistemlerdir. Bu çalışmada 2011 Yılının Ekim ve Kasım aylarında Van’da

yaşanan yıkıcı depremden sonra peyzaj dönüşüm kapsamında yeni yapılan iki

parkın mevcut durum analizi yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda depremden sonra dönüşüm

projesinin kentsel açık mekan sistemleri kapsamında hasar gören iki kamu binası

yerine inşa edilen İpekyolu Parkı ve Milli Egemenlik parkının nitelik ve

nicelik durum analizi yapılmış, görsel izlenimler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu

amaçla iki parkın büyüklük, donatı elemanı varlığı, alan kullanımları, bitkisel

ve yapısal tasarım ilkeleri bakımından uygunlukları görsel izlenimlere dayalı

değerlendirmelerle yapılmıştır. Bu değerlendirme kamu kurumları ve özel

sektörde çalışan 5 peyzaj mimarı tarafından yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda

yapılan puanlama tablosu ve yüzdelik değerler incelendiğinde en yüksek değerin

İpekyolu parkına ait olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Milli Egemenlik

parkının iyileştirilmesine yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur. Yapılan incelemeler,

kentsel nüfusun mahalle düzeyinde yeşil alanlardan faydalanma olanaklarının

etkin ve yerinde kullanılabilirliğine ve ileriye yönelik kentsel yeşil alan

sisteminin planlama-tasarım ilkelerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Special Education Teacher Attrition and Retention: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Billingsley Bonnie , Bettini Elizabeth
Published: July 2019

High rates of attrition make it challenging for schools to provide qualified special education teachers for students with disabilities, especially given chronic teacher shortages. We synthesize 30 studies from 2002 to 2017, examining factors associated with special educator attrition and retention, including (a) teacher preparation and qualifications, (b) school characteristics, (c) working conditions, and (d) teacher demographic and nonwork factors. Most studies examined working conditions (e.g., demands, administrative and collegial supports, resources, compensation) among special educators who left teaching, moved to other positions, transferred to general education teaching, or indicated that they intended to stay or leave. The majority of researchers used quantitative methods to analyze national, state, or other survey data, while eight used qualitative methods. Our critique identifies both strengths and weaknesses of this literature, suggests research priorities, and outlines specific implications for policy makers and leaders.
METODE UJI TIUPAN ANGIN KOMPOR GAS SATU TUNGKU BERDASARKAN SNI 7368:2011
Authors: Firdaus Himma
Published: July 2019

Uji tiupan angin merupakan salah satu klausul dalam pengujian kompor gas. Pengujian ini mengacu pada SNI 7368:2011 yang ditetapkan pemerintah sebagai SNI wajib. SNI 7368:2011 tidak menjelaskan secara detail titik pengukurannya dan hanya menyebutkan kecepatan tiupan angin yang dipersyaratkan adalah 3 m/s. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan pelaksanaan pengujian berbeda antara satu dengan lainnya dan berakibat pada sulitnya pengendalian mutu hasil pengujian. Kondisi tersebut dapat dicegah dengan membangun sebuah metode uji baku atau pengembangan metode uji yang tervalidasi. Penulis mengusulkan metode uji dengan membuat simulasi sembilan titik uji dengan variasi jarak kompor terhadap dinding yaitu 0.5 meter (kondisi 1) dan 1,2 meter (kondisi 2). Sumber tiupan angin diletakkan 1 meter dari kompor gas. Validasi terhadap metode uji dilakukan dengan uji presisi, uji akurasi, peta kendali dan uji kapabilitas proses (Cp). Nilai Cp pada kondisi 1 yaitu 1,51 dan pada kondisi 2 yaitu 1,66. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kedua kondisi pengukuran kapabel. Namun, jika dianalisis terhadap keseluruhan parameter kualitas (uji kapabilitas proses, peta kendali, akurasi dan presisi), maka hanya kondisi 1 dengan titik pengukuran 4 dan 5 yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan pengukuran pada metode uji tiupan angin yang diusulkan untuk kompor gas satu tungku.
DAMPAK IMPLEMENTASI STANDAR WAJIB MELALUI PERDAGANGAN PRODUK, UNSUR PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DAN PELAKU USAHA
Authors: Purwanto Endi Hari , Isharyadi Febrian
Published: July 2019

Perdagangan bebas memengaruhi nilai ekspor impor Indonesia karena menjadi negara berjumlah penduduk besar yang berpotensi bagi penjualan barang-barang impor. SNI wajib telah diberlakukan oleh regulator sebanyak 267 standar tetapi banyak produk impor yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan tersebut. Asumsinya, regulasi teknis berdampak positif pada perdagangan Indonesia sehingga meningkatkan produksi dalam negeri. Diharapkan pelaku usaha mampu memproduksi produk dengan memperhatikan keamanan, keselamatan dan kesehatan masyarakat serta fungsi lingkungan hidup. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis dampak implementasi SNI wajib oleh industri dari sudut pandang perdagangan produk, unsur perlindungan konsumen dan pelaku usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, untuk perdagangan produk menggunakan metode wawancara langsung pada industri sehingga diperoleh dampak sementara dan kontinyu. Pada unsur perlindungan konsumen menggunakan analisis data uji petik produk ber-SNI di pasar dan untuk pelaku usaha menggunakan metode wawancara terhadap industri untuk menganalisis dampak dari 3 variabel yaitu: volume penjualan, jumlah pengaduan dan biaya produksi dengan 3 parameter yaitu meningkat, menurun dan tetap. Hasilnya memperlihatkan pemberlakuan SNI secara wajib bagi industri, sebagian memberikan dampak positif dan negatif, tergantung produk yang diimplementasi. Namun, secara umum disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan pemerintah untuk menerapkan SNI melalui regulasi memberikan dampak meningkatkan volume penjualan produk bagi perusahaan (76 % dari 17 produk yang dijadikan sampel), menurunkan jumlah pengaduan produk cacat di pasar (53 %) dan meningkatkan biaya operasional perusahaan (71 %). Peningkatan biaya ini disebabkan adanya beban biaya sertifikasi produk yang meliputi: biaya penyediaan sampel dan biaya pengujian.
ANALISIS PENYEBAB PENOLAKAN PRODUK PERIKANAN INDONESIA OLEH UNI EROPA PERIODE 2007 – 2017 DENGAN PENDEKATAN ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS
Authors: Irawati Heny , Kusnandar Feri , D Kusumaningrum Harsi
Published: July 2019

Produk perikanan yang diekspor ke Uni Eropa dipersyaratkan untuk diproduksi dari Unit Pengolahan Ikan (UPI) yang telah mempunyai sertifikat penerapan Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) Grade A. Beberapa kasus penolakan oleh negara pengimpor masih terjadi dengan alasan ditemukannya cemaran mikrobiologi dan kimia yang melebihi ambang batas standar Uni Eropa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab penolakan dan faktor utama yang berpengaruh sebagai penyebab kasus penolakan tersebut dengan menggunakan pendekatan Root Cause Analysis (RCA). Data yang digunakan adalah data penolakan produk perikanan yang diekspor ke Uni Eropa selama periode 2007-2017. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penyebab utama penolakan produk perikanan Indonesia utama adalah cemaran merkuri (33 kasus) dan cemaran histamin (16 kasus). Cemaran merkuri terjadi oleh pencemaran lingkungan perairan oleh limbah industri yang menggunakan merkuri dan frekuensi monitoring di setiap rantai proses yang kurang memadai. Cemaran histamin terjadi karena kurangnya pengetahuan nelayan dan pelaku usaha di tingkat produsen primer dalam hal cara penanganan ikan yang baik dan masih belum tercapainya penerapan cold chain system yang baik pada rantai proses.
EVALUASI HASIL UJI PROFISIENSI UNTUK KOMODITI AIR MINUM DALAM KEMASAN
Authors: Setyodewati Setyodewati , Pudjiastuti Untari
Published: July 2019

KAN proficiency testing program on the bottled drinking water conducted on 2004 was participated by 46 testing laboratories. Participant laboratories were asked to test the sample for nitrat, nitrit, ammonium, sulphate Cl, Cn, F, F, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cu, Cd, As and Hg contents. Proficiency testing sample were prepared by provider, which also conduct homogeinity test for the Hg and Cu contents of the sample. As the sample was judged to be homogen, they sent to participant laboratory in 2 packs identified as sample KAN A and KAN B. Laboratory testing results were analyzed by statistical method, started on homogeinity of data, Dixon test and Z-score. The evaluation results shows that only sulphate, Cl, F, Fe and Cu contents could be analyzed among the other 14 parameters, which is could not be evaluated because of the in homogeinity of data provided by the laboratories. The inhomogeinity of data was caused by insufficiency of laboratory’s personnel and equipments. The evaluation of proficiency testing results for sulphate, Cl, F, Fe and Cu contents show only 1 satisfactory result among 5 accredited participants, and 9 satisfactory results among 39 non-accredited participants. The conclusion is based on the Z-score analysis of the evaluated parameters.
anak punk
Authors: arifin misbahul
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK Kerja partisipatif yang dilakukan Oleh KPM STAI-MU di Desa Baddurih Pademawu Pamekasan Tahun 2017-2018 sebagai berikut. Gelombang I : Pertama, Menelaah terhadap data yang ada di laporan KPM sebelumnya dan KPM sebelumnya, sambil melakukan Observasi kesetiap dususn di Desa Baddurih. kedua, Setelah itu menghimpun permasalahan yang kami temukan selama observasi, mengelompokkan lalu mencari program yang urgen untuk di selesaikan. Ketiga, Melakukan rencana, pelaksanaan, serta evaluasi aksi dengan melibatkan masyarakat maupun tokoh yang terkait.Dalam pelaksanaan KPM Partisipatif 2017-2018 gelombang pertama, evaluasi kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan baik dari Masyarakat , Fasilitator, dan Mahasiswa sebagai berikut. Bagi masyarakat, Peserta KPM diminta agar lebih lama dan membantu masyarakat dibidang pendidikan MIQ & MD dan bidang Keagamaan. Bagi mahasiswa, Panitia seharusnya mendanai Peserta KPM pada saat penutupan acara. Bagi fasilitator, Segera Adaptasi, Tetapkan Visi dan Misi, Analisisnya lebih detail dalam menghadapi maslah di Masyarakat.
Influence of Animal Factors on Milk Somatic Cell Count in Crossbred Cows Reared Under Hot-Humid Climatic Condition
Authors: Bhakat Champak
Published: July 2019

The present study was undertaken with the objective of influence of various animal factors like parity, stage of lactation, production level and season of calving on milk somatic cell count (SCC) in Jersey crossbred cows reared under hot-humid climatic condition. Total 366 quarter wise morning milk samples were collected aseptically from the experimental cows maintained at cattle yard, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal and subjected to microscopic method of somatic cell count. The estimated overall arithmetical mean (±SE) of SCC (logarithmic) was 5.377 ± 0.039. There was significant (P<0.01) effect of all the animal factors and season of calving on Log10SCC. The SCC was significantly (P<0.05) higher in cows of later parities and late stage of lactation. Medium milk producer animals had significant (P<0.05) lower mean SCC as compared to low and high milk producers. The SCC level was significantly (P<0.05) higher in cows calved during the summer season followed by cows calved in rainy and winter season. It can be concluded that the animal factors like parity, lactation stage, production level and season of calving has noteworthy effect on milk SCC level in crossbred cows under hot-humid climatic condition and therefore, these factors can be taken into account while selecting dairy animals accompanied by SCC can be used as routine tests to achieve the best strategy for the treatment and prevention of intra-mammary infections (IMI) in dairy cows.
PENGARUH HARGA, KUALITAS PELAYANAN, DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP MINAT MASYARAKAT BERSEKOLAH DI SMAM WANARAJA
Authors: Darda Ahmad , Abduloh Budiman
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui, mengkaji dan menganalisi pengaruh Harga (X1), Kualitas Pelayanan (X2)dan Promosi (X3)terhadap Minat Masyarakat (X4), pada masyarakat untuk bersekolah di SMAM Wanaraja. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk menjaring data variabel minat masyarakat, harga, kualitas pelayanan dan promosi menggunakan angket penyebaran kuesioner model Skala Likert.Uji validitas dihitung dengan rumus Product Momentdan Reliabilitas dihitung dengan Alpha Cronbach. Data dianalisis dengan statistik deskripsi dan inferensial, untuk pengujian hipotesis digunakan uji korelasi dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : pertama,terdapat pengaruh langsung positif dan signifikan harga terhadap kualitas pelayanan 0.238. Kedua,terdapat pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan haraga terhadap promosi 0.375. Ketiga,terdapat pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan harga terhadap minat masyarakat sebesar 0.303. Keempat,terdapat pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan kualitas pelayanan terhadap promosi sebesar 0.191. Kelima, terdapat pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan kualitas pelayanan terhadap minat masyarakat sebesar 0.142. Keenam, terdapat pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan promosi terhadap minat masyarakat sebesar 0.620.
Fake news, fast and slow: Deliberation reduces belief in false (but not true) news headlines
Authors: Bago Bence , Rand David Gertler , Pennycook Gordon
Published: July 2019

What role does deliberation play in susceptibility to political misinformation and “fake news”? The “Motivated System 2 Reasoning” account posits that deliberation causes people to fall for fake news because reasoning facilitates identity-protective cognition and is therefore used to rationalize content that is consistent with one’s political ideology. The classical account of reasoning instead posits that people ineffectively discern between true and false news headlines when they fail to deliberate (and instead rely on intuition). To distinguish between these competing accounts, we investigated the causal effect of reasoning on media truth discernment using a two-response paradigm. Participants (N= 1635 MTurkers) were presented with a series of headlines. For each, they were first asked to give an initial, intuitive response under time pressure and concurrent working memory load. They were then given an opportunity to re-think their response with no constraints, thereby permitting more deliberation. We also compared these responses to a (deliberative) one-response baseline condition where participants made a single choice with no constraints. Consistent with the classical account, we found that deliberation corrected intuitive mistakes: subjects believed false headlines (but not true headlines) more in initial responses than in either final responses or the unconstrained 1-response baseline. In contrast – and inconsistent with the Motivated System 2 Reasoning account – we found that political polarization was equivalent across responses. Our data suggest that, in the context of fake news, deliberation facilitates accurate belief formation and not partisan bias.
The Earliest Origins of Genetic Nurture: Prenatal Environment Mediates the Association Between Maternal Genetics and Child Development
Authors: Armstrong-Carter Emma , Trejo Sam , Hill Liam , Crossley Kirsty , Mason Dan , Domingue Benjamin
Published: July 2019

Observed genetic associations with educational attainment may be due to direct or indirect genetic influences. Recent work highlights “genetic nurture”, the potential effect of a parents’ genetics on their child’s educational outcomes via rearing environments. To date, few mediating childhood environments have been tested. We use a large sample of genotyped mother-child dyads (N = 2,077) to investigate if genetic nurture occurs via the prenatal environment. We find that mothers with more education-related genes are generally healthier and more financially stable during pregnancy. Further, measured prenatal conditions explain up to one third of the associations between maternal genetics and children’s academic and developmental outcomes at ages 4-7. By providing the first evidence of prenatal genetic nurture and showing that genetic nurture is detectable in early childhood, this study broadens our understanding of how parental genetics may influence children and illustrates the challenges of within-person interpretation of existing genetic associations.
A Review of Regulatory Guidelines on Stability Studies
Authors: Yasmeen Ameena , Sofi Ghulamuddin
Published: July 2019

Stability could be an essential quality attribute; so, the stability program plays a very important role while manufacturing fresh pharmaceutical products. Particularly, this is in regard with the pharmaceutical preparations or formulations, which are to be distributed in various strengths and various types of packages for the purpose of marketing. It involves many samples to be tested at a given cost, and also involves testing large number of samples of various strengths, package types, many batches of different storage conditions, testing parameters and testing intervals. To design a successful stability-testing program, there are many regulatory guidance documents that should be consulted. These guidance documents provide information on how to conduct a stability program to ensure that appropriate data are generated in support of a new drug substance or product. This paper discusses the various guidelines governing the stability studies, particularly the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), ICH (The International Conference on Harmonization), CPMP (Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products), & WHO (Word Health Organization)-their rules, regulations, and recommendations regarding stability studies. In this paper, details regarding the formation of International Conference on Harmonization, the regions involving it, the suggestions made by them, and the various guidelines issued by it, relating not only to stability studies but many other aspects relating to it, and an overview of various ICH stability guidelines, their names and the codifications, have been described briefly.
SCHWIERIGKEITEN BEI EINER AN KANT ORIENTIERTEN AUSLEGUNG DER WÜRDE DES MENSCHEN: ZUGLEICH EINE KRITISCHE BETRACHTUNG DER ENTSCHEIDUNG DES BUNDESVERFASSUNGSGERICHTS ÜBER DIE VERFASSUNGSWIDRIGKEIT DES § 14 Abs. 3 LuftSiG
Authors: Silva Matheus Pelegrino da
Published: July 2019

In diesem Aufsatz wird anhand einiger Überlegungen Kants über die Würde des Menschen argumentiert, dass, eine Person als bloßes Mittel zu betrachten, immer bedeuten wird, eine Person als Objekt, als Nicht-Inhaber ihrer eigenen Freiheit zu betrachten, obwohl dieses Argument nicht genügt, um das Gegenteil der Verbindung zwischen der Betrachtung als bloßes Mittel und der Betrachtung als Nicht-Inhaber der eigenen Freiheit zu beweisen, denn die Handlung, die eine Person objektifiziert, ist von der Handlung zu unterscheiden, bei der eine Person als bloßes Mittel betrachtet wird. Zuerst wird erläutert, wie das Bundesverfassungsgericht den Schutz der Menschenwürde bei der Entscheidung über das Luftsicherheitsgesetz verstanden und angewendet hat. Dabei wird analysiert, welche allgemeinen Überlegungen über den Schutz der Würde des Menschen durch Instrumentalisierungsverbote und Objektformel (hier als Objektifizierungsverbot bezeichnet) in dieser Entscheidung verwendet wurden. Im zweiten Teil wird Kants Behandlung der Thematik der Würde des Menschen und der Instrumentalisierungs- und Objektifizierungsverboten dargestellt. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Angriffen auf die Menschenwürde und möglichen Notstandssituationen wird untersucht, sowie die Gründe, warum bei Kant diese Verbote nicht als absolute Verbote zu betrachten sind. Danach wird durch die Darstellung von vier Varianten des sogenannten Trolley-Problems argumentiert, dass die Entscheidung über die Verfassungswidrigkeit des § 14 Abs. 3 LuftSiG in dem Instrumentalisierungsverbot keine Begründung findet kann. Im letzten Teil wird diskutiert, welche Konsequenzen die Anwendung einer Kant inspirierte Auffassung der Würde des Menschen für die Auslegung des verfassungsrechtlichen Schutz der Menschenwürde mit sich bringt und wieweit diese Auslegungsalternative von Kants Auffassung der Instrumentalisierungs- und Objektifizierungsverbots abweicht.
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en el personal que labora en unidad educativa particular de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el periodo enero – junio del 2018
Authors: Mendoza Suárez Henry Salvador , Concha Pazmiño Grace Andrea , Cevallos Jaramillo George Charly , Lenin Eduardo Granda Alvarez
Published: July 2019

Las enfermedades al corazón conocidas como enfermedades cardiacas o coronarias son aquellas que se desarrollan en los vasos sanguíneos, arterias y venas, causando Hipertensión Arterial HTA, anginas, infartos de miocardio. Los riesgos cardiovasculares vienen dados cuando las paredes de los vasos sanguíneos se tapan o se estrechan, produciendo que no haya una buena irrigación de sangre en el organismo. Una forma de reducir estos riesgos es con una alimentación saludable, ejercicio, reduciendo el alcohol y tabaco, obteniendo un menor IMC. El objetivo general de este trabajo es determinar los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en el personal de una unidad educativa particular de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el periodo enero – junio del 2018. La metodología de esta investigación se desarrolló mediante un alcance descriptivo y correlacional, enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo no experimental, transversal. La población de este estudio es de 160 personas entre docentes, administrativos y de mantenimiento pertenecientes a una unidad educativa particular de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el periodo de enero a junio del 2018. La muestra a conveniencia fue de 30 pacientes. Los resultados mostraron que el 30.1% tiene hipertensión arterial, el 60.2% posee niveles de colesterol elevados, el 15.7% de personas tiene diabetes mellitus, el 80.6% refleja sobrepeso y obesidad, el 20.4% realiza deportes, el 85% no realiza ninguna dieta, mientras que el 25.7 fuma cigarrillo. Se concluye que los factores de riesgo cardiovascular son el deporte, la dieta, el IMC y el consumo de cigarrillos, lo cual fue comprobado por medio de la prueba Chi-cuadrado con significancia menor a 0.05.
THE EFFECT OF FISHBOWL TECHNIQUE AND STUDENTS’ INTEREST TOWARD THE EIGHT GRADE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY OF SMP XAVERIUS 1 PALEMBANG
Authors: Andika Andika
Published: July 2019

This study was purposed at investigating the effect of Fishbowl technique and students’ Interest toward the eighth Grade students’ speaking ability. The population of this study was 300 students of SMP Xaverius 1 Palembang. From the population, there were 30 students taken as sample of experimental group and 30 students were as control group. The sample was taken using two stages random sampling. In carrying out the research, the writer used a factorial group design. Finnaly the calculation using a two-way ANOVA was used to measure an interaction between fishbowl technique and students interest on their speaking ability. Test of Between-Subjects Effects analyses, the significant value of the techniques (fishbowl and conventional) and the students’ interest were 0.422, the probability sig. of technique was 0.175, and the interaction between high and low interest was 0.097 which higher than the significant level of p-value 0.05, it meant that there was no a significant interactions between students’ interest and techniques. So, the research hypothesis that stated “there is no an interaction between fishbowl technique and interest toward students’ speaking ability” was accepted and the null hypothesis was not rejected based on the data finding on chapter four.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILLS THROUGH DEMONSTRATION METHOD OF THE CLASS XI IPS 1 STUDENTS OF SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 1 PALEMBANG
Authors: Waliyani Waliyani , Yuliani Sri
Published: July 2019

Improving Students’ English Speaking Skills Through Demonstration Method of The class XI IPS 1 students  of SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang. This study aims to improve the students’ speaking skills of class XI IPS 1 at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang by using the demonstration method. The subject of this research is all the students of class XI IPS1 of SMA Muhammadiyah Palembang consisting of 32 students. This study used descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods in which the data contained in this study are numbers, percentages and depictions used to determine the success or failure of a study. The research instrument was in the form of daily tests and interview. The data obtained from the instrument that shows students who reached the KKM on: (1) Pre-test are 3 students (9.37%), (2) the result of  Cycle I is 7 students (21.87%), (3) the result of cycle II is 17 students ( 53.12%), and (4) the result of Cycle III is 25 students (78.12%). From the data can be concluded that the application of the demonstration method can improve students’ speaking skills of class XI IPS 1 studens of  SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang.
MAXIMAZING TEACHER ROLES IN SHAPING SELF-DIRECTED LEARNERS
Authors: Agustiani Indah Windra Dwie
Published: July 2019

This paper attempts to offer some efforts that can be applied or employed by teachers  in teaching learning activities to shape self-directed learners. It encompasses some theories about roles of teachers, roles of learners, the definition and characteristics of self-directed learners,the advantages of self-directed learning, and some possible tips of shaping self-directed learners. Some roles of teachers  are discussed in this paper to highlight that  teachers do not only teach and give some materials to be learned by their  learners but have great tasks, like  to be  a monitor of students learning, motivator, organizer, and controller of pupil behaviour,provider of accurate language models,counselor and friend, needs analyst,material developer, and evaluator (Richard :1990:4). Hence, a teacher must encourage learners to take on greater degree of responsibility for their own successful learning (Hedge, 2000:34) and a teacher must motivate and help the learners to gain and develop the executive control of their  learning strategies especially metacognitive strategies to teach them how to learn (Joyce,etal:  2009:16).Thus, some roles of learners become important to be included in this paper to assert that the burden of learning cannot be merely puored on the teacher but the learners  have some roles need to be contemplated for the success of teaching and learning.  Therefore, the integration of teacher - learner  awareness toward their roles in teaching learning process can be effectively shaped to generate self-directed learners.
On the supply of raw timber materials for the Vietnam’s export furniture manufacturing industry
Authors: Nen Nguyen Van
Published: July 2019

The paper focuses on analyzing the practice of raw material supply for the export furniture manufacturing industry in Vietnam. Using statistical data and forecasting methods, we evaluate the demand for wood materials for the export furniture manufacturing industry in Vietnam, the supplies of domestic and imported wood materials as well as their origin. The results show that: (i) there will be a strong increase in the demand for wood materials in the coming years; (ii) the domestic supply from the planted forests in Vietnam is yet to meet the demand due to their poor quality and small quantity; (iii) despite that, the domestic raw materials have been improved recently; (iv) the Vietnamese enterprises show a greater concern about the origin of wood materials. From these findings, we suggested some solutions to ensure the supply of wood materials in the coming years as follows: (i) adopting detailed, systematic and scientific methods for forecasting the supply of wood materials; (ii) developing clearer policies on afforestation, exploitation and use of domestic wood materials; (iii) building a portal for the wood materials; and (iv) promoting the links between the suppliers of raw wood materials and the furniture producers.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN OUTDOOR PADA SISWA UNTUK MATA PELAJARAN KOMUNIKASI DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KESEHATAN
Authors: Pudyastuti Rita Rena
Published: July 2019

Learning outside the classroom (outdoor study) is an effort to create learning, to avoid boredom and perceptual learning only in class. The approach to learning outside the classroom uses several methods such as assignment, question and answer, and learning while doing or practicing with learning situations while playing. Students get bored quickly with conventional methods. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of pre and post test using the method of learning outdoor study on Communication subjects to increase the learning achievement of Nursing Health Department Vocational High School students totaling 80 students. The design of this study is Quasi Experiment research. Data collection methods that will be used in this study are pre test and post test questionnaires distributed to students of the Nursing Department, before and after the Communication teaching and learning process using outdoor teaching methods and conventional methods. To analyze data using paired T Test. The results obtained are that there is a significance between the pre test and post test of the learning outdoor method, which is 0.00. But the use of conventional methods is not significant with a result of 0.50.

Keywords: Learning method, outdoor, conventional
Diretivas antecipadas de vontade na Atenção Primária
Authors: Da Cunha Andressa Costa , Gliosci Alexandre Carvalho , Almeida Marcio José de , Rodacoski Giseli Cipriano
Published: July 2019

Este Relato de Experiência apresenta o processo de elaboração de um Projeto de Intervenção no campo de concentração da Saúde Mental. Entre 2017 a 2018 foi realizada análise da situação de saúde da população local que resultou em um diagnóstico situacional e com base nos problemas foram propostas ações de saúde. O problema priorizado foi o processo de envelhecimento e morte da população de um município de médio porte. O objetivo foi apresentar possibilidades de intervenção para qualificação da equipe de saúde sobre as Diretivas Antecipadas de Vontade. Foi utilizada a matriz 6W3H para descrever a metodologia do projeto, que foi planejado para intervenção em uma Unidade de Saúde de referência na Atenção Primária para o cuidado de uma população com grande número de idosos. Foram planejadas ações de educação permanente, monitoramento, avaliação, bem como análise de viabilidade do projeto.
Uso de medicamentos psicoativos pelos profissionais de saúde da atenção básica
Authors: Minas Hamilton De Oliveira , Rodacoski Giseli Cipriano , Sdoukos Stélios Sant’Anna
Published: July 2019

A dependência química entre médicos e profissionais de saúde já se transformou em séria preocupação das autoridades sanitárias de vários países. Ao sujeitar–se ao uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos, o profissional de saúde pode mostrar mudanças de comportamento, apresentando um desempenho indesejável. Justifica-se assim um projeto de intervenção para conhecer os fatores que favorecem esta prática e planejar ações que possam atender as necessidades de saúde do trabalhador. Objetiva-se levantar a prevalência do uso de medicamentos psicoativos entre os funcionários da Secretaria de Saúde, atuantes na Atenção Básica do município, intencionando contribuir para que os funcionários realizem um consumo racional dos mesmos. Conclui-se que devemos estar atentos à saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde, em especial aos sinais que eles podem vir a apresentar, como estresse, fadiga psicológica, problemas emocionais, entre outros, para que não fiquem possivelmente incapacitados de realizar seu serviço e atenderem a população com qualidade.
Fundamental molecular characterization and comparison of the O, D0, and E stage effluents from hardwood pulp bleaching
Authors: JARDIM JULIANA , DU XUEYU , HART PETER , LUCIA LUCIAN , JAMEEL HASAN , CHANG HOU-MIN , GRACZ HANNA
Published: July 2019

The present study characterized effluents from the O, D0, and E stages using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) techniques to better understand the chemical nature of the dissolved organics formed from the bleaching of a high-yield hardwood kraft pulp. Understanding the structures and molecular weight distribution of these organics is the first step in developing methods to mitigate these contaminates in the discharged effluents. The results indicated that the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the dissolved organics from oxygen delignification effluent is broader than those from D0 and E stage effluents. In addition, the O stage filtrate contained considerable amounts of lignin and xylan fragments, which showed its efficiency in removing such materials. The effluent from the D0 stage contained a lower amount of high molecular weight fragments and a higher amount of low molecular weight fragments versus the O-stage filtrate. Aromatic structures were nearly absent in the D0 stage filtrate, but the degraded organic material, presumably from oxidized lignin, contained olefinic (C=C) and carbonyl (C=O) functional groups. Furthermore, higher molecular weight fragments were detected in the E-stage effluent, presumably due to the extensive solubilization and removal of the oxidized lignin generated from the D0 pulp.
Fabrication of cross-linked starch-based nanofibrous mat with optimized diameter
Authors: ASHRAFI ZAHRA , MAZINANI SAEEDEH , GHAREHAGHAJI ALI AKBAR , LUCIA LUCIAN
Published: July 2019

The design and synthesis of natural and synthetic polymer blends have received recent and wide attention. These new biomaterials exhibit progress in properties required in the field of medicine and healthcare. Herein, the aim of present study is to fabricate starch (ST)/polyacrylic acid (PAA) electrospun nanofibrous mat with a smooth and uniform morphology, lowest fiber diameter (below 100 nm) and the highest possible starch content. Starch itself is poor in process-ability, and its electrospinning could be quite a challenging process. To address this, we carried out the response surface methodology (RSM) technique for modelling the electrospinning process. In order to have ST/PAA nanofibers with the finest possible diameter, optimized processing parameters (applied voltage, nozzle‐collector distance and feed rate) obtained from RSM technique were applied. ST/PAA electrospun nanofibers with an average diameter of 74±13 nm were successfully achieved via the electrospinning method for the first time. The structure, preparation and properties of the nanofibrous structure were discussed. Results indicated that drug loaded ST/PAA blend nanofibrous structure has a great potential to be used in controlled drug release systems.
Estudios sociolingüísticos y prácticas comunitarias para la documentación activa y el reencuentro con las lenguas indígenas del Ecuador.
Authors: Haboud Marleen
Published: July 2019

Este artículo se enmarca en el Programa de investigación interdisciplinaria Oralidad Modernidad que se desarrolla con, desde y para comunidades de hablantes de lenguas minorizadas, y que tiene como objetivo primordial la documentación activa y el refuerzo de las lenguas indígenas del Ecuador de hoy. Luego de una breve contextualización sobre la problemática de las lenguas minorizadas en el mundo, hacemos referencia a la situación de las lenguas indígenas en el Ecuador, para luego puntualizar algunos conceptos importantes para este trabajo. Finalmente, se describen tres de los proyectos que ha desarrollado Oralidad Modernidad, su metodología, productos, logros y dificultades.
Propuesta para un diagnóstico sociolingüístico de poblaciones minorizadas en Cartagena : aproximación a su diversidad lingüística y sociocultural.
Authors: Fagua Rincón Doris , Padilla Torres Diana
Published: July 2019

En la actualidad, Cartagena de Indias, urbe en desarrollo, puerto y destino turístico, acoge, además de los visitantes y su población tradicional, grupos de diferentes orígenes geográficos y étnicos. La movilidad de estas poblaciones es en algunos casos histórica, como la de los criollos palenqueros, los rroms o los chinos, mientras que la de otros grupos es más reciente: criollos isleños, indígenas del resto del país: koguis, ikas, wayúus, zenúes (Costa caribe), nasas e ingas (Andes). También se encuentran hablantes de Lengua de Señas de Colombia (en adelante LSC) y la reciente ola de ciudadanos venezolanos. Las implicaciones de tal cohabitación (relaciones de dominación, acceso inequitativo a la ciudadanía, bienes y servicios, la pérdida de lenguas y los valores culturales que ellas vehiculan, etc.), no obstante, son poco conocidas por parte tanto de la población anfitriona como de las instancias de administración local. Se plantea aquí, como propuesta de aproximación a esta diversidad lingüística y sociocultural, el desarrollo de un diagnóstico sociolingüístico en colaboración con las diversas poblaciones que convergen en la ciudad. Desde los planteamientos teóricos y metodológicos tradicionales y actuales de la sociolingüística y la antropología lingüística, esta propuesta podrá contribuir al reconocimiento y valoración de la (super)diversidad, así como a la toma de decisiones que garanticen la coexistencia armónica en la ciudad y sus alrededores con poblaciones de origen diverso.
La ciudad literaria : entre el registro oficial y la experiencia individual.
Authors: Vanegas Vásquez Orfa Kelita
Published: July 2019

Este estudio, a partir del conjunto de narrativas colombianas de reciente publicación, explora la ciudad literaria desde la percepción subjetiva de quien la vive y la nombra. La escritura establece coordenadas espaciales y reubica plazas, calles, monumentos y edificios gubernativos en correlación con el universo anímico de quien los transita y habita. Los lugares urbanos solo existen a través de la conciencia que de ellos tiene quien narra, un gesto decisivo porque ubica el espacio ficcional como elemento vivo, intrínseco a la existencia del personaje, parte del yo narrado, de la vida íntima y la memoria personal. La búsqueda de razones para explicar el inconformismo anímico con el presente va unida al seguimiento de los lugares perdidos. La ciudad y su cambiante nomenclatura es un “estado de ánimo”, que resignifica el pasado de la nación y confronta los paradigmas modernistas de lo urbano, como estancia de orden, seguridad y progreso.
PERLINDUNGAN HAK CIPTA ATAS EKSPRESI BUDAYA TRADISIONAL PADA KERAJINAN TANGAN DI PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Nurhaini Siti
Published: July 2019

This study describes how the copyright protection of traditional cultural expressions on crafts in the province of Bangka Belitung. The study also aimend to determine the role of government on copyright protection of traditional cultural expressions on crafts in the the province of Bangka Belitung. Legal protection of the traditional cultural expressions on the crafts they attempt registration and record-keeping by the government, but there are some traditional cultures are registered and certified by the Ministry of Education and Culture called intangible cultural heritage. The role of government in the protection of copyright in traditional cultural expression in the crafts in this stage is to provide guidance, record keeping and registration by the government. With the government registering traditional cultures in the Pacific Island through the Ministry of Education and Culture annually through several stages of selection by the Ministry Center.
KOMNAS HAM: SUATU UPAYA PENEGAKAN HAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nawawi Asror
Published: July 2019

The existence of the National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM) does not seem to have functioned optimally. Komnas HAM as always appears late in the enforcement and respect of human rights. The National Human Rights Commission should not only emerge after the violation of Human Rights but also appear as a shield to stem the rate of human rights violations by conducting a series of efforts in the form of socialization concerning the understanding of Human Rights
MEDIASI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERBANKAN
Authors: Salfutra Reko Dwi
Published: July 2019

The more banks offer a number of products to the public, the possibility of a dispute between banks and customers is increasingly wide open as well. The existence of the customer service department in the bank is more than just a small talk. In the execution of its daily duties, in the banking world there are also frequent disputes between banks and their customers. In fact, not infrequently the dispute settlement that is used to bring the disputing parties to the world of justice that seem convoluted and long-winded. Therefore, any banking dispute requires fast and precise settlement efforts, and is empowered to achieve mutual interests.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN MUSLIM DALAM MENDAPATKAN JAMINAN PRODUK HALAL TERHADAP PEMBELIAN SECARA ONLINE
Authors: Fadzlurrahman Fadzlurragman , Suparto Susilowati
Published: July 2019

Tahun 2019 ini pemerintah Indonesia akan menargetkan semua produk yang beredar di Indonesia bersrtifikat halal. Sementara kesiapan dari Badan Penyelegara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH) masih terkendala Peraturan Pemerintah yang belum di sahkan oleh Presiden. Berkembanganya teknologi dan informasi membuat transaksi jual beli dapat dilakukan secara online, banyaknya produk yang di jual secara online diantaranya ada sebagian yang tidak mencantumkan label halal dalam produknya. Melihat ketimpangan antara das sollen dan das sein maka artikel ini merumuskan masalah bagaimana jaminan perlindungan hukum terhadap penjualan produk tidak berlabel halal yang dijual secara online serta kendala apa saja yang harus diantisipasi oleh UU JPH guna melindungi konsumen muslim untuk mendapatkan produk halal dalam transaksi elektronik dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif.
The Shift of Staple Food from Sago to Rice: A Study about Food Security and Indigenous Communities
Authors: Pradipta Lengga
Published: July 2019

Food security is still becoming a crucial issue in developing countries nowadays, either in urban or rural areas. There are many factors triggered this condition, such as the increase in population pressure and conflict, privatization and changing tenure arrangements, poverty, social differentiation and also environmental degradation. It’s undeniable that food security is a multidimensional problem, especially for people who lived in rural or isolated areas. In Mentawai Islands, a district located in the western part of Indonesia, the indigenous people depend on forest product (sago) as their main source of food. However, since 2012, the government has destroyed their food culture by establishing the ‘National Food Security Improvement Program’ and conducting the agricultural intensification as well as establishing 600 hectares of new rice fields in six sub - districts; South Pagai, North Pagai, Sikakap, South Sipora, North Sipora, and South Siberut. This study is conducted comprehensively using the Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (FSVA) to understand and describe the exact profiles of food-insecurities and vulnerable households. Furthermore, it also identified the risks and vulnerabilities of food consumption in Mentawai communities. Findings depict that shifting or transforming the food culture from sago to rice is a serious issue because socio-cultural aspects influence it and surely the government has to make a parallel policy that can accommodate the people needs, not only prioritize the national development agenda.
探讨城市规划设计中的生态城市规划
Authors: 胡 永军
Published: July 2019

文章将立足现代城市，探讨城市规划设计存在的不足之处、城市规划设计的原则和具体路径，以期为有识之士提供参考，不断提高我国城市的规划设计水平，打造生态城市、绿色城市。
古典园林设计手法在现代居住区景观设计中的应用
Authors: 张 涛
Published: July 2019

文章将从当前现代居住区景观设计的概况出发，对当代居住区景观设计运用古典园林设计手法的策略进行分析与探究，希望为相关人员提供一些帮助和建议，更好地对现代居住区开展景观设计。
冷变换器制冷系统自动控制研究
Authors: 赵 鑫
Published: July 2019

冷变换器制冷系统在现代工业领域当中应用较多，但该系统早期应用方式依赖人工，不满足现代化自动控制要求，因此需要对该系统控制系统进行设计。此文针对系统运作时的温度、流量以及操作参数，以此为控制目标，设计自动化控制方案设计工作，并采用性能测试、参数自调整测试方法，验证此文控制方案的有效性。结果显示，此文自动化控制系统稳定有效，满足冷变换器制冷系统控制要求。
电气化铁道接触网的施工安全
Authors: 葛 晓红
Published: July 2019

随着电气化设备的技术发展，现代铁道工程建设当中，开始广泛使用此类设备，由此形成了电气化铁道。在电气化铁道项目施工当中，为了保障工程运输效率与安全保障，需要通过接触网来实现供电、电力监控，但接触网施工时，因为其环境恶劣、条件苛刻等缺点，容易出现安全事故，所以在安全原则上，电气化铁道接触网施工之前，需要做好安全防护准备。针对电气化铁道接触网施工中，常见的安全事故以及形成原因进行分析，再提出具有安全意义的运行对策。
浅谈公路工程施工安全管理措施及施工技术
Authors: 王 立洪
Published: July 2019

公路工程施工基本上都是在户外完成的，和其他工程相比干扰因素就要少一些，影响施工安全的因素也比较少，因此有些单位就会放松对于公路施工安全的管理。不过，虽然危险因素可能会少一些但还是有的，如果不加以控制的话还是可能会引发安全事故的。比如说，有些公路施工就是在原有路线上进行的，会有车辆驶过，如果没有对这些车辆进行控制或者阻止的话就会给施工过程带来一定的威胁，施工过程会使用到大量的机械设备，这些设备的使用也是存在一定的风险的，可见对于公路工程施工安全的管理也是不能忽视的。
试论房屋建筑规划方案设计
Authors: 陈 婉翊
Published: July 2019

当前国内建筑业发展迅速，社会对建筑质量的要求越来越高，因此必须强化房屋建筑的施工现场管理工作，结合笔者自己的工作经验，探讨房建施工现场管理的若干问题，并给出解决的对策，从而为今后的现场管理提供借鉴。住房建设规划、设计设计任务书的主要计划,计划,计划的确定、设计、规划、项目设计文件确认。规划、设计评价方法主要包括建筑设计、室内装饰工程、结构设计、给排水、采暖通风和空调系统设计。施工图设计和管理的命题的施工图设计,设计的决心,批准文件、施工图设计文件确认。
高层建筑不规则结构设计的应用研究
Authors: 郝 斌
Published: July 2019

对于高层建筑规划设计的过程中，利用不规则结构的规划设计进一步保证建筑功能的有限实现，并且加强建筑工程自身的观赏性，保证人们对于高层建筑的需求得到有效的满足。不过，对于不规则结构的规划设计来说，在其建设施工的过程中，其自身具有一定的特点，而且不规则的特点也会加强建筑工程建设的困难程度，要想保证工程的品质，就要按照不规则结构规划的设计进行相关措施的研究，保证高层建筑工程的稳固程度以及安全性能，保证其自身功能的有效实现。
机电设备维修技术管理的现状与对策
Authors: 王 臻荣
Published: July 2019

现阶段，智能化和自动化技术得到了广泛应用，这也促使机电设备在人们生产和生活中的应用越来越广泛。文章对机电设备维修技术管理的现状进行总结，并从强化对设备的维修管理、对机电设备故障诊断技术进行完善、采用组合维修形式、出台机电设备维修验收方法四方面，论述了机电设备维修技术管理的对策。
现代深基坑边坡支护信息化施工技术分析
Authors: 董 宜辉
Published: July 2019

深基坑边坡支护工程是一个具有古老而时代特征的工程课题，比如放坡开挖和简易木桩围护可以追溯到远古时代。近年来，随着我国经济的飞速发展，城市化的进程也加速了脚步，工程建设在各个城市顺利开展，高层建筑如雨后春笋一般冒出，为了保证建筑物的稳定性，建筑基础都必须满足地下桩基埋深嵌固的要求。也就是，建筑物越高，它的埋置深度也就越深，相应的它对基坑工程的要求也就越高。而且，当前地下空间的开发也越来越快，对深基坑技术的要求也逐步提升。
烟气排放连续监测系统的原理分析及应用探讨
Authors: 罗 丹
Published: July 2019

文章介绍了 SCS-900C 系列(北京雪迪龙)烟气排放连续监测系统在三钢动力厂的应用，主要针对烟气排放连续监测系统（CEMS）的系统组成及测量原理，现场应用，故障判断与处理进行了分析阐述。
房屋土建工程质量监督管理问题研究
Authors: 周 华 , 张 影
Published: July 2019

近些年国内的建筑产业获得了巨大的发展，因建筑工程的质量好坏与人民的生命健康、财产安全息息相关，所以人民对于建筑项目的施工质量提出了越来越高的要求。为了保障建筑质量，监督管理体系是必不可少的工序。建筑质量监督管理可以在提高作业人员工作素质、专业化水平的基础上，提升管理团队的工程管理能力，并且是保障工程质量与社会和谐稳定发展的必不可少的环节。
高速公路行车安全的道路设计因素探讨
Authors: 张 广梅
Published: July 2019

近年来，中国公路网迅速发展，高速公路的交通安全问题也日益受到了人们的广泛关注。高速公路的设计，涉及到了公路设计的多个专业领域，道路设计直接影响到了公路的施工难度，安全系数，运营成本等多方面的问题。主要从安全理念的角度，对高速公路的道路设计中车辆的行驶安全的影响做了简要分析。使得公路设计能充分考虑交通安全的同时，又能保住公路线形和实际运行的相互协调。
制冷设备维修技术与相关问题探讨
Authors: 孙 大勤
Published: July 2019

随着科学技术的进步，我国制冷行业也经历了快速发展，实际上，制冷已成为当今社会中不可或缺的储存方式。在冷库中，制冷装置具有决定性的影响，并且在制冷装置发生故障的情况下，会直接影响制冷功能的有效运行。因此，相关技术研究人员必须提供制冷设备的定期维修和保养，制冷设备的维修是合理使用制冷设备的重要环节。文章将从制冷设备的维护和保养工作进行论述说明，尤其是对制冷设备的维护和故障整修方案给予全面分析，提供维修参考。
解析市政工程中钻孔灌注桩施工技术
Authors: 唐 浩
Published: July 2019

在改革开放的新时期，城市化进程不断推进，市政工程取得了长足发展。钻孔灌注桩施工技术作为一项重要桩型，具有承载力大、对环境影响小等优势。运用钻孔灌注桩施工，能够在很大程度上提高施工效率，且能够有效控制施工进度。从钻孔灌注桩施工技术特点入手，对该项施工技术施工要点进行分析，并以实际工程案例作为研究对象深入探讨施工操作方法，旨在为市政工程可持续发展提供更多支持。
RCS组合框架结构节点受力机理及构造措施
Authors: 杨 志勇 , 岳 秀勇
Published: July 2019

现代建筑中，组合结构的应用越来越普遍，为充分挖掘组合结构中材料的优越性能，对其受力机理及构造措施进行的研究。本文以 RCS 组合框架结构节点受力类型作为切入点，对钢筋混凝土柱—钢框梁受力机理进行分析和其构造措施进行论述，以及简单阐述美国、日本等国家的构造措施，以期为后续 RCS 组合框架结构在实际工程中的运用提供参考。
最后1000米物流末端配送路径优化研究
Authors: 万 福媛 , 金 辉 , 王 迪 , 郭 宇 , 王 晓丽
Published: July 2019

文章对物流配送过程的路径选择进行建模，通过遗传算法，得到车辆运输过程中的不同路径，分析不同路径选择最短距离的路径，路径的选择上要充分考虑顾客等因素，然后通过 MATLAB 仿真对配送路径进行择优选择，实验结果表明，使用遗传算法选择运输路径，能够减少相应的碳排放量，实现运输的绿色化。