bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESEARCH OF MATERIALS PROPERTIES FOR 3D PRINTING OF ORTHOSES
Authors: Jasiūnaitė Živilė Marija , Šešok Andžela , Stonkus Rimantas , Šešok Nikolaj
Published: March 2021

In this paper examines the possibilities of applying 3D printing in the manufacture of orthoses. Features of 3D printing of biocompatible materials are analyzed. In this work, mechanical bending tests of three printed samples were performed. Based on test results, PETG material is selected for 3D modeling and printing. Technological properties of 3D printing were summarized. Modeling and printing of the orthoses prototype, compared to traditional methods, takes less time, and uses lower material costs, does not require much physical effort, is well suited to the patient’s body anatomy, and has a variety of design options.
A Deep Study of an Intermediate-age Open Cluster SAI 35 (Juchert 20) Using Ground-based Imaging and Gaia EDR3 Astrometry
Authors: Bisht D. , Zhu Qingfeng , Yadav R. K. S. , Rangwal Geeta , Durgapal Alok , Sariya Devesh P. , Jiang Ing-Guey
Published: March 2021

We present a CCD UBVI photometric study of poorly studied intermediate-age open cluster SAI 35 (Juchert 20) for the first time. To accomplish this study, we also used LAMOST DR5, Two Micron All Sky Survey, and Gaia EDR3 databases. We identified 214 most probable cluster members with membership probability higher than 50%. The mean proper motion of the cluster is found as

and μ

δ
= −1.66 ± 0.01 mas yr−1. We find the normal interstellar extinction law using the various two-color diagrams. The age, distance, reddening, and radial velocity of the cluster are estimated to be 360 ± 40 Myr, 2.9 ± 0.15 kpc, 0.72 ± 0.05 mag, and −91.62 ± 6.39 km s−1, respectively. The overall mass function slope for main-sequence stars is found to be 1.49 ± 0.16 within the mass range 1.1–3.1 M
⊙, which is in agreement with Salpeter’s value within uncertainty. The present study demonstrates that SAI 35 is dynamically relaxed. Galactic orbital parameters are determined using Galactic potential models. We found that this object follows a circular path around the Galactic center.
Exploration of Aspherical Ejecta Properties in Type Ia Supernovae: Progenitor Dependence and Applications to Progenitor Classification
Authors: Leung Shing-Chi , Diehl Roland , Nomoto Ken’ichi , Siegert Thomas
Published: March 2021

Several explosions of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have been found to exhibit deviations from spherical symmetry upon closer inspection. Examples are the gamma-ray lines from SN 2014J as measured by INTEGRAL/SPI and morphology information from radioactive isotopes in older remnants such as Tycho. A systematic study of the effects of parameters such as ignition geometry and burning morphology in SNe Ia is still missing. We use a two-dimensional hydrodynamics code with postprocessing nucleosynthesis and simulate the double detonations in a sub-Chandrasekhar-mass carbon–oxygen white dwarf starting from the nuclear runaway in the accumulated He envelope toward disruption of the white dwarf. We explore potential variety through four triggering scenarios that sample main asymmetry drivers. We further investigate their global effects on the aspherical structure of the ejecta based on individual elements. We apply the results to the well-observed SN 2014J and other recently observed SN remnants in order to illustrate how these new observational data, together with other observed quantities, help to constrain the explosion and progenitors of SNe Ia.
N-body Self-consistent Stellar-halo Modeling of the Fornax Dwarf Galaxy
Authors: Shchelkanova Galina , Hayashi Kohei , Blinnikov Sergei
Published: March 2021

We present nearly self-consistent stellar-halo models of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy associated with the Milky Way galaxy. Such galaxies are dominated by dark matter and have almost no gas in the system. Therefore, they are excellent objects for N-body modeling that takes into account visible and dark matter halo components. In order to model the dark matter halo inferred from the analysis of the measured velocities of Fornax's stars, we constructed several self-consistent quasi-equilibrium models based on two source code sets. One of them (GalactICS Software, NEMO) deals with the self-consistent distribution function modeling that depends on the energy E and vertical component of the angular momentum L

z
. The other is included in the AGAMA framework and is based on Schwarzschild's calculation of orbits. It can reproduce the nonspherical self-consistent structure of Fornax as the weighted sum of orbit contributions to the galactic density even though the inferred dark halo parameters come from Jeans analysis, which does not require that any distribution functions be positive. To guess the parameters that make the N-body models close to the visible object, we use the stellar dark matter model of the Fornax galaxy based on hydrodynamic axisymmetric Jeans equations taking into account the velocity anisotropy parameter. Then, we studied the evolution of the models by performing N-body simulations with the falcON code in order to test their stability. The variability of the model parameters over time was obtained during simulations. The AGAMA models show the best agreement of the resulting velocity dispersion profiles with the observed data.
The Source Locations of Major Flares and CMEs in Emerging Active Regions
Authors: Liu Lijuan , Wang Yuming , Zhou Zhenjun , Cui Jun
Published: March 2021

Major flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) tend to originate from compact polarity inversion lines (PILs) in solar active regions (ARs). Recently, a scenario named “collisional shearing” was proposed by Chintzoglou et al. to explain the phenomenon, which suggests that the collision between different emerging bipoles is able to form a compact PIL, driving the shearing and flux cancellation that are responsible for the subsequent large activities. In this work, by tracking the evolution of 19 emerging ARs from their birth until they produce the first major flares or CMEs, we investigated the source PILs of the activities, i.e., the active PILs, to explore the generality of “collisional shearing.” We find that none of the active PILs is the self PIL (sPIL) of a single bipole. We further find that 11 eruptions originate from the collisional PILs (cPILs) formed due to the collision between different bipoles, six from the conjoined systems of sPIL and cPIL, and two from the conjoined systems of sPIL and ePIL (external PIL between the AR and the nearby pre-existing polarities). Collision accompanied by shearing and flux cancellation is found to develop at all PILs prior to the eruptions, with 84% (16/19) cases having collisional length longer than 18 Mm. Moreover, we find that the magnitude of the flares is positively correlated with the collisional length of the active PILs, indicating that the more intense activities tend to originate from PILs with more severe collisions. The results suggest that “collisional shearing,” i.e., bipole–bipole interaction during the flux emergence, is a common process in driving the major activities in emerging ARs.
Building and Calibrating the Binary Star Population Using Kepler Data
Authors: Wells Mark A. , Prša Andrej
Published: March 2021

Modeling binary star populations is critical to linking the theories of star formation and stellar evolution with observations. In order to test these theories, we need accurate models of observable binary populations. The Kepler Eclipsing Binary Catalog (KEBC), with its estimated >90% completeness, provides an observational anchor on binary population models. In this work we present the results of a new forward model of the binary star population in the Kepler field. The forward model takes a single star population from a model of the Galaxy and pairs the stars into binaries by applying the constraints on the population from the results of observational binary population surveys such as Raghavan et al. and Duchêne & Kraus. A synthetic binary population is constructed from the initial distributions of orbital parameters. We identify the eclipsing binary sample from the generated binary star population and compare this with the observed sample of eclipsing binaries contained in the KEBC. Finally, we update the distributions of the synthetic population and repeat the process until the synthetic eclipsing binary sample agrees with the KEBC. The end result of this process is a model of the underlying binary star population that has been fit to observations. We find that for fixed flat mass ratio and eccentricity input distributions, the binary period distribution is logarithmically flat above ∼3.2 days. With additional constraints on distributions from observations, we can further adjust the synthetic binary population by relaxing other input constraints, such as mass ratio and eccentricity.
The LSST DESC DC2 Simulated Sky Survey
Authors:   The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration (LSST DESC), Abolfathi Bela , Alonso David , Armstrong Robert , Aubourg Éric , Awan Humna , Babuji Yadu N. , Bauer Franz Erik , Bean Rachel , Beckett George , Biswas Rahul , Bogart Joanne R. , Boutigny Dominique , Chard Kyle , Chiang James , Claver Chuck F. , Cohen-Tanugi Johann , Combet Céline , Connolly Andrew J. , Daniel Scott F. , Digel Seth W. , Drlica-Wagner Alex , Dubois Richard , Gangler Emmanuel , Gawiser Eric , Glanzman Thomas , Gris Phillipe , Habib Salman , Hearin Andrew P. , Heitmann Katrin , Hernandez Fabio , Hložek Renée , Hollowed Joseph , Ishak Mustapha , Ivezić Željko , Jarvis Mike , Jha Saurabh W. , Kahn Steven M. , Kalmbach J. Bryce , Kelly Heather M. , Kovacs Eve , Korytov Danila , Krughoff K. Simon , Lage Craig S. , Lanusse François , Larsen Patricia , Le Guillou Laurent , Li Nan , Longley Emily Phillips , Lupton Robert H. , Mandelbaum Rachel , Mao Yao-Yuan , Marshall Phil , Meyers Joshua E. , Moniez Marc , Morrison Christopher B. , Nomerotski Andrei , O’Connor Paul , Park HyeYun , Park Ji Won , Peloton Julien , Perrefort Daniel , Perry James , Plaszczynski Stéphane , Pope Adrian , Rasmussen Andrew , Reil Kevin , Roodman Aaron J. , Rykoff Eli S. , Sánchez F. Javier , Schmidt Samuel J. , Scolnic Daniel , Stubbs Christopher W. , Tyson J. Anthony , Uram Thomas D. , Villarreal Antonio , Walter Christopher W. , Wiesner Matthew P. , Wood-Vasey W. Michael , Zuntz Joe
Published: March 2021

We describe the simulated sky survey underlying the second data challenge (DC2) carried out in preparation for analysis of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) by the LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration (LSST DESC). Significant connections across multiple science domains will be a hallmark of LSST; the DC2 program represents a unique modeling effort that stresses this interconnectivity in a way that has not been attempted before. This effort encompasses a full end-to-end approach: starting from a large N-body simulation, through setting up LSST-like observations including realistic cadences, through image simulations, and finally processing with Rubin’s LSST Science Pipelines. This last step ensures that we generate data products resembling those to be delivered by the Rubin Observatory as closely as is currently possible. The simulated DC2 sky survey covers six optical bands in a wide-fast-deep area of approximately 300 deg2, as well as a deep drilling field of approximately 1 deg2. We simulate 5 yr of the planned 10 yr survey. The DC2 sky survey has multiple purposes. First, the LSST DESC working groups can use the data set to develop a range of DESC analysis pipelines to prepare for the advent of actual data. Second, it serves as a realistic test bed for the image processing software under development for LSST by the Rubin Observatory. In particular, simulated data provide a controlled way to investigate certain image-level systematic effects. Finally, the DC2 sky survey enables the exploration of new scientific ideas in both static and time domain cosmology.
High-redshift Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxies: A Candidate Sample
Authors: Rakshit Suvendu , Stalin C. S. , Kotilainen Jari , Shin Jaejin
Published: March 2021

The study of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) is now mostly limited to low redshift (z < 0.8) because their definition requires the presence of the Hβ emission line, which is redshifted out of the spectral coverage of major ground-based spectroscopic surveys at z > 0.8. We studied the correlation between the properties of Hβ and Mg ii lines of a large sample of SDSS DR14 quasars to find high-z NLS1 candidates. Based on the strong correlation of FWHM(Mg II) = (0.880 ± 0.005) × FWHM(Hβ) + (0.438 ± 0.018), we present a sample of high-z NLS1 candidates having FWHM of Mg ii < 2000 km s−1. The high-z sample contains 2684 NLS1s with redshift z = 0.8–2.5 with a median logarithmic bolometric luminosity of 46.16 ± 0.42 erg s−1, logarithmic black hole mass of 8.01 ± 0.35 M
⊙, and logarithmic Eddington ratio of 0.02 ± 0.27. The fraction of radio-detected high-z NLS1s is similar to that of the low-z NLS1s and SDSS DR14 quasars at a similar redshift range, and their radio luminosity is found to be strongly correlated with their black hole mass.
Business Patterns Catalogue and Selection Proposal for the Conceptual Model of a Software Product
Authors: Medina Oscar Carlos , Pérez Cota Manuel , Meloni Brenda Elizabeth , Marciszack Marcelo Martín
Published: March 2021

A pattern is a model that allows reusing a successful solution to the same problem in a different context. A pattern implementation could be the elaboration of an analysis model to incorporate good practices patterns Conceptual Modelling of Electronic Government systems. Defining a new pattern, and selecting a previously existing one from a limited set, called catalogue, are essential activities that every analysis model must solve when using patterns. The present work describes a proposal to manage a Business Patterns catalogue that can be applied to Conceptual Modelling of software products. Business Patterns allow to model and design business processes inside an organization, being it public or private. An application, called “PatCat” (Pattern Catalogue), was developed to test de proposal, using the Business Model of an Information System for a public education institution as a pilot. The introduction of patterns at the beginning of the Modelling Process allows to simplify and clarify the requirements elicitation, amongst other benefits. Thus, a specific management application for a pattern catalogue is useful to standardize and speed up this software design task.
Achnanthidium tinea sp. nov. – a new monoraphid diatom (Bacillariophyceae) species, described on the basis of molecular and morphological approaches
Authors: Tseplik Natalia D. , Maltsev Yevhen I. , Glushchenko Anton M. , Kuznetsova Irina V. , Genkal Sergei I. , Kociolek John Patrick , Kulikovskiy Maxim S.
Published: March 2021

A new monoraphid diatom species Achnanthidium tinea Tseplik, Kulikovskiy, Kociolek & Maltsev, sp. nov. is described from Indonesia. The species is described on the basis of molecular and morphological analyses. According to molecular data the new species belongs to the clade that includes strains of Achnanthidium minutissimum, Achnanthidium saprophilum and Achnanthidium digitatum. Morphologically, the new species differs quite significantly from other species of the same genus because of linear-elliptic valves with almost parallel sides and strongly radiate striae and a butterfly-shaped fascia on the raphe valve. The morphology and phylogeny of the new species are discussed, and thoughts on the current state of the taxonomy of the genus Achnanthidium are expressed. Our work shows the importance of using molecular data in diatom systematics and also demonstrates the need to investigate rarely studied regions of our planet.
Three new species of Uvariodendron (Annonaceae) from coastal East Africa in Kenya and Tanzania
Authors: Dagallier Léo-Paul M.J. , Mbago Frank M. , Luke W.R. Quentin , Couvreur Thomas L.P.
Published: March 2021

East Africa is a hotspot of biodiversity with many endemic plant species. We describe three new species of the genus Uvariodendron (Annonaceae) from the coastal forests of Kenya and Tanzania. Uvariodendron mbagoi Dagallier & Couvreur, sp. nov. is endemic to Tanzania and unique within the genus by its strong bergamot scent and its tomentose fruits having regular tufts of higher hair density. Uvariodendron dzomboense Dagallier, W.R.Q. Luke & Couvreur, sp. nov. is endemic to Dzombo Hill in Kenya and is rendered distinct by its small leaves and very densely pubescent carpels. Uvariodendron schmidtii W.R.Q. Luke, Dagallier & Couvreur, sp. nov. is endemic to Shimba Hills in Kenya and differs by its small flowers and fused sepals forming a ring. Following IUCN criteria we assessed U. mbagoi and U. dzomboense as endangered (EN) while U. schmidtii is assessed as Vulnerable (VU). We also propose a new combination: Polyceratocarpus oligocarpus (Verdc.) Dagallier, comb. nov. The description of these three new species underlines the richness in endemics in East Africa and that new discoveries might arise from further botanical exploration of this region.
Dynamics of consumer-resource systems with consumer's dispersal between patches
Authors: Hu Kun , Wang Yuanshi
Published: March 2021

This paper considers consumer-resource systems with Holling II functional response. In the system, the consumer can move between a source and a sink patch. By applying dynamical systems theory, we give a rigorous analysis on persistence of the system. Then we show local/global stability of equilibria and prove Hopf bifurcation by the Kuznetsov Theorem. It is shown that dispersal in the system could lead to results reversing those without dispersal. Varying a dispersal rate can change species' interaction outcomes from coexistence in periodic oscillation, to persistence at a steady state, to extinction of the predator, and even to extinction of both species. By explicit expressions of stable equilibria, we prove that dispersal can make the consumer reach overall abundance larger than if non-dispersing, and there exists an optimal dispersal rate that maximizes the abundance. Asymmetry in dispersal can also lead to those results. It is proven that the overall abundance is a ridge-like function (surface) of dispersal rates, which extends both previous theory and experimental observation. These results are biologically important in protecting endangered species.
Energy equality for weak solutions to the 3D magnetohydrodynamic equations in a bounded domain
Authors: Wang Guodong , Zuo Bijun
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we study the energy equality for weak solutions to the 3D homogeneous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations with viscosity and magnetic diffusion in a bounded domain. Two types of regularity conditions are imposed on weak solutions to ensure the energy equality. For the first type, some global integrability condition for the velocity \begin{document}$ \mathbf u $\end{document} is required, while for the magnetic field \begin{document}$ \mathbf b $\end{document} and the magnetic pressure \begin{document}$ \pi $\end{document}, some suitable integrability conditions near the boundary are sufficient. In contrast with the first type, the second type claims that if some additional interior integrability is imposed on \begin{document}$ \mathbf b $\end{document}, then the regularity on \begin{document}$ \mathbf u $\end{document} can be relaxed.
Vie et mort des offrandes à Délos
Authors: Prêtre Clarisse
Published: March 2021

Souvent, on s’est intéressé aux objets recensés dans les inventaires de Délos en suivant une perspective synchronique et en les considérant comme des éléments figés par leur dédicace à une divinité : le fait que ces objets soient apportés par les pèlerins qui venaient prier les dieux de l’île, puis qu’ils soient consignés sur des stèles de marbre, semblait leur conférer de facto une dimension sacrée. Cette invariabilité supposée des offrandes ne doit cependant pas masquer le caractère bien tangible des artefacts qui, au gré des manipulations à l’intérieur des temples, mais aussi en raison du ravage des années, voient leur aspect originel évoluer dans le sens d’une dégradation naturelle. Cette altération matérielle contredit le caractère sacré inaltérable des dédicaces. Plutôt que d’envisager une fois encore les offrandes du temps de leur splendeur, c’est à partir de leur vieillissement qu’on étudiera leur destin face à l’usure inéluctable : on verra ainsi que tous les objets enregistrés dans les catalogues ne subissent pas le même traitement et que les administrateurs sacrés doivent affronter des problèmes de gestion bien concrets de la désuétude des offrandes.
Un pied de meuble en forme d’avant-train de lion du département des Antiquités égyptiennes du Louvre : remaniement antique et intervention moderne
Authors: Timbart Noëlle , Guiran Laure de , Guichard Hélène , Pagès-Camagna Sandrine , Langlois Juliette
Published: March 2021

Le département des Antiquités égyptiennes du musée du Louvre conserve dans ses collections un élément de mobilier en bois léontomorphe (E 13238). L’étude de la polychromie, des matériaux organiques appliqués en surface, ainsi que l’observation des radiographies menées lors de sa restauration ont permis de répondre à plusieurs questions et notamment de mieux comprendre la stratigraphie complexe de ses couches colorées. Il est apparu que ce pied de meuble a fait l’objet d’une réutilisation, très vraisemblablement durant l’Antiquité. Toutefois, sa nouvelle fonction et son usage demeurent inconnus.
Peindre et repeindre sur terre cuite en Grèce hellénistique
Authors: Bourgeois Brigitte , Jeammet Violaine
Published: March 2021

Originellement peintes et/ou dorées, les figurines en terre cuite grecques ont parfois été repeintes avant d’être ensevelies ou détruites. L’article s’attache à cette question encore méconnue et présente les recherches menées sur deux statuettes d’époque hellénistique conservées au Louvre : une Ménade (dite Dame Baillehache) de production attique, et un Éros de Priène (Asie mineure). L’étude menée en vidéo-microscopie éclaire la stratigraphie des repeints et montre comment, dans le cas de la Ménade, la forme plastique accidentée a été « réparée » au moyen de la peinture ; elle permet enfin de juger d’effets picturaux introduits aussi bien au stade initial que lors de la reprise de polychromie, visant à accentuer les jeux d’ombres et de lumières.
Étude de colorants d’une offrande textile (Y16) exceptionnelle, découverte sur le site de Cahuachi (culture Nasca)
Authors: Boucherie Nathalie , Nowik Witold , Cardon Dominique
Published: March 2021

En 1998, une offrande textile exceptionnelle a été découverte sur le site majeur de la culture Nasca : Cahuachi. Soixante-trois ballots textiles y avaient été enterrés ensemble. Ces paquets renfermaient principalement des vêtements cérémoniels, dont les lisières étaient très souvent ornées d’éléments de décor confectionnés avec des fils teints de plusieurs couleurs. Vingt et un objets textiles ont été sélectionnés afin de mener une étude approfondie sur les colorants employés en teinture pour réaliser les décors polychromes de ces textiles somptueux. Elle met en lumière un choix limité de colorants préparés à partir de sources végétales : le bleu des Indigofera, le rouge des Galium et le jaune, probablement de l’espèce Salix humboldtiana, ainsi que leurs mélanges binaires. Quelques colorants particuliers, comme le violet d’indigo, le noir contenant de l’acide ellagique ou un jaune à flavonoïdes provenant d’une source végétale non identifiée, ont aussi été mis en évidence.
Éléments de technique et de vocabulaire sur la broderie d’or à l’époque moderne, autour d’un manteau de l’ordre du Saint-Esprit conservé au musée du Louvre
Authors: Villa Antoinette , Bos Agnès
Published: March 2021

La restauration d’un manteau d’officier de l’ordre du Saint-Esprit du musée du Louvre a conduit à faire une étude du vocabulaire existant dans le domaine des matériaux et des techniques de broderie utilisés à l’époque moderne, et à constituer un lexique illustré. Les fils métalliques et les broderies ont été recensés et mis en parallèle avec les descriptifs de trois ouvrages du xviiie siècle et deux références actuelles. L’étude de la matière métallique a été réalisée par le LRMH.
La restauration des antiques dans la seconde moitié du xviiie siècle : à propos de la restauration du Mars d’Orsay (musée du Louvre) par Thomas Jenkins
Authors: Szewczyk Martin
Published: March 2021

La statue connue sous le nom de Mars d’Orsay, conservée au Louvre, a fait récemment l’objet d’une restauration. Celle-ci fut l’occasion, en s’appuyant sur la correspondance du marchand Thomas Jenkins, d’un réexamen et d’une meilleure compréhension des restaurations anciennes de la sculpture. À partir de ce cas d’étude, cet article entend étudier la manière dont les interventions de restauration prennent de l’importance, non seulement pour la communauté scientifique, mais également dans la relation établie entre un marchand et son ou ses clients. À ce titre, un réexamen de la correspondance entre Thomas Jenkins et le célèbre collectionneur et amateur Charles Townley permet de mettre en lumière, dans la seconde moitié du xviiie siècle, des attitudes particulières vis-à-vis de la restauration des sculptures antiques, et de replacer ainsi le cas du Mars d’Orsay dans le développement plus général de son histoire.
Nettoyage des filés d’argent ternis dans le domaine textile : comparaison du gel d’agarose et de l’éponge dite PVA comme supports poreux pour une électrolyse locale
Authors: Guerrier Julie , Pons Emmanuelle
Published: March 2021

La conservation-restauration du textile associé à des filés d’argent ou d’argent doré ternis reste une problématique actuelle. Un traitement électrochimique permet la réduction des produits de corrosion de l’argent. Jusque-là, les modalités de ce traitement prévoient une immersion totale ou partielle de l’objet, ce qui n’est que rarement envisageable pour le textile historique. Une alternative intéressante serait de développer un stylo électrolytique adapté au textile. Dans cette étude, menée dans le cadre de l’année de mémoire de fin d’étude à l’Institut national du patrimoine1, nous proposons ainsi d’utiliser l’électrolyte avec un support poreux, afin de pouvoir traiter les filés d’argent ternis par électrolyse locale tout en gardant l’humidification sous contrôle. Deux supports poreux ont été testés, le gel d’agarose préparé à partir de la solution électrolytique, et l’éponge dite PVA. Le gel d’agarose s’avère le plus satisfaisant, car il permet un meilleur contrôle de l’humidification et laisse moins de résidus d’électrolyte, comme l’ont confirmé les analyses EDS au microscope électronique à balayage et les analyses chimiques (ICP-AES et chromatographie ionique). Un prototype de stylo à gel électrolytique a été conçu pour pallier les problèmes de manipulation rencontrés sur les essais sur éprouvettes.
Two Human Monoclonal HLA-Reactive Antibodies Cross-React with Mamu-B*008, a Rhesus Macaque MHC Allotype Associated with Control of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Replication
Authors: de Groot Natasja G. , Heijmans Corrine M. C. , Bezstarosti Suzanne , Bruijnesteijn Jesse , Haasnoot Geert W. , Mulder Arend , Claas Frans H. J. , Heidt Sebastiaan , Bontrop Ronald E.
Published: March 2021

MHC class I molecules play an important role in adaptive immune responses against intracellular pathogens. These molecules are highly polymorphic, and many allotypes have been characterized. In a transplantation setting, a mismatch between MHC allotypes may initiate an alloimmune response. Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta, Mamu) are valuable as a preclinical model species in transplantation research as well as to evaluate the safety and efficacy of vaccine candidates. In both lines of research, the availability of nonhuman primate MHC-reactive mAbs may enable in vitro monitoring and detection of presence of particular Mamu molecules. In this study, we screened a collection of thoroughly characterized HLA class I–specific human mAbs for cross-reactivity with rhesus macaque MHC class I allotypes. Two mAbs, OK4F9 and OK4F10, recognize an epitope that is defined by isoleucine (I) at amino acid position 142 that is present on the Indian rhesus macaque Mamu-B*008:01 allotype, which is an allotype known to be associated with elite control of SIV replication. The reactive pattern of a third mAb, MUS4H4, is more complex and includes an epitope shared on Mamu-A2*05:01 and -B*001:01–encoded Ags. This is the first description, to our knowledge, of human HLA-reactive mAbs that can recognize Mamu allotypes, and these can be useful tools for in vitro monitoring the presence of the relevant allelic products. Moreover, OK4F9 and OK4F10 can be powerful mAbs for application in SIV-related research.
Recurrent ascites in systemic lupus erythematosus treated with rituximab - a case report and review of pseudo-pseudo Meigs’ syndrome
Authors: Compton Sarah , Luebker Sarah , Baker Frost DeAnna
Published: March 2021

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune and inflammatory disease with multisystem consequences. Pseudo-pseudo Meigs’ syndrome (PPMS), or Tjalma syndrome, is a newly recognized manifestation of SLE that is characterized by increased CA-125 level, pleural effusion, and ascites without evidence of tumor. PPMS is relatively rare and likely under-recognized. To our knowledge, there are 11 published case reports about PPMS. In nearly half of the PPMS cases, ascites is the initial symptom of SLE. The pathophysiology of this syndrome is not completely understood but thought to be in part due to chronic inflammation, which is supported by symptoms abating with immunosuppression. We report a case of a 20-year-old woman with known SLE who developed recurrent large volume ascites, subsequently leading to the diagnosis of PPMS, requiring rituximab for additional immunosuppression. To our knowledge, this is the first case of using rituximab as a successful treatment for PPMS.
Spatial patterns of Plasmodium vivax transmission explored by multivariate auto-regressive state-space modelling - A case study in Baoshan Prefecture in southern China
Authors: Zheng Jinxin , Shi Benyun , Xia Shang , Yang Guojing , Zhou Xiao-Nong
Published: March 2021

The transition from the control phase to elimination of malaria in China through the national malaria elimination programme has focussed attention on the need for improvement of the surveillance- response systems. It is now understood that routine passive surveillance is inadequate in the parasite elimination phase that requires supplementation by active surveillance in foci where cluster cases have occurred. This study aims to explore the spatial clusters and temporal trends of malaria cases by the multivariate auto-regressive state-space model (MARSS) along the border to Myanmar in southern China. Data for indigenous cases spanning the period from 2007 to 2010 were extracted from the China’s Infectious Diseases Information Reporting Management System (IDIRMS). The best MARSS model indicated that malaria transmission in the study area during 36 months could be grouped into three clusters. The estimation of malaria transmission patterns showed a downward trend across all clusters. The proposed methodology used in this study offers a simple and rapid, yet effective way to categorize patterns of foci which provide assistance for active monitoring of malaria in the elimination phase.
Health Outcomes of Children Born to Mothers with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Banerjee Indrani , Powis Stephen , Shevlin Mark , Barnes Jacqueline , Soo Audrey , Sutcliffe Alastair
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to study the health of children born to mothers with chronic kidney disease. Twenty-four children born to mothers with chronic kidney disease were compared with 39 matched control children born to healthy mothers without kidney disease. The well-being of each child was individually assessed in terms of physical health, neurodevelopment and psychological health. Families participating with renal disease were more likely to be from lower socio-economic backgrounds. Significantly fewer vaginal deliveries were reported for mothers with renal disease and their infants were more likely to experience neonatal morbidity. Study and control children were comparable for growth parameters and neurodevelopment as assessed by the Griffiths scales. There was no evidence of more stress amongst mothers with renal disease or of impaired bonding between mother and child when compared to controls. However, there was evidence of greater externalizing behavioral problems in the group of children born to mothers with renal disease. Engaging families in such studies is challenging. Nonetheless, families who participated appreciated being asked. The children were apparently healthy but there was evidence in this small study of significant antenatal and perinatal morbidity compared to controls. Future larger multi-center studies are required to confirm these early findings.
Role of WT1, B-cell lymphoma 2, Ki-67 (Mib1), and Her2/Neu as diagnostic and prognostic immunomarkers in ovarian serous and endometroid carcinoma
Authors: Mondal Santosh Kumar , Basak Bijan , Bhattacharya Saptarshi , Panda Utpal Kumar
Published: March 2021

Background:

Ovarian cancer is the fifth common cause of death due to cancer in women. It constitutes 3% of all cancers in females and 15%–20% of genital malignancy. Most of the ovarian cancers are serous type followed by the endometrioid type. Sometimes, glands of these two carcinomas are indistinguishable histologically. It also becomes difficult to differentiate these two types when they are poorly differentiated.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to find differences in immunomarker expressions between serous and endometrioid carcinomas and the association of their staining patterns with other clinicopathological prognostic factors.

Materials and Methods:

Immunohistochemical staining for WT1, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), Ki67 (MIB1), and Her2/Neu were done in paraffin-embedded tissues of histologically diagnosed 38 cases of ovarian serous and endometrioid carcinomas and staining patterns were correlated with other clinicopathological prognostic factors.

Results:

Of these 38 cases (21 serous and 17 endometrioid), 24 cases were in Stage I/II and 14 cases Stage III/IV. On the other hand, 16 cases were in low grade, 12 cases intermediate grade, and 10 cases high grade. Twenty of 21 serous carcinomas were strongly positive for WT1, whereas most of the endometrioid carcinomas were negative. Ki67 (MIB1) labeling index and Her2/Neu were higher in both higher grade and stages. On the contrary, the intensity of Bcl2 staining was lower in higher grades and stages lesions.

Conclusions:

The use of WT1 may be useful in resolving diagnostic dilemma between serous and endometrioid carcinoma, especially in difficult cases. Ki67, Bcl2, and Her2/Neu may be used as prognostic markers.
Choosing a career in radiation oncology in India
Authors: Mukherjee Anindya , Manir Kazi Sazzad , Basu Praloy , Mallik Suman , Goswami Jyotirup
Published: March 2021

Background:

Radiation oncology in India is much debated as a career option to take up. This survey among young radiation oncologists (YROs), the first of its kind, attempts to assess the career expectations and concerns that affect most of us.

Materials and Methods:

This survey was conducted using the online survey tool of SurveyMonkey in October 2018. The Association of Radiation Oncologists of India (AROI) members' database was used to send the survey link over E-mail to recipients (AROI life member after 2004).

Results:

Out of 1685 invitees, 492 (29.19%) recipients took the survey. Most (69.14%) of the respondents were males who worked as senior residents and junior consultants and employed in private hospitals and state-level teaching institutes. Postspecialization (MD/DNB) experience was mostly <3 years (56.52%). Most of YROs worked in Tier-I city (48.9%) mostly in telecobalt-based facilities. Most of our respondents (73.01%) aspired to work in academic teaching hospital/research institute, and the primary concern was academics/research (39.88%) followed by income (23.31%). There was a similar distribution of respondents with respect to their desire to shift to medical oncology. There was marked dissatisfaction over remuneration, job openings, job security, and poor scope of career improvement. 56.50% of respondents believed that they need to move abroad to improve their quality of life. However, 76.69% of respondents still felt very passionate about their professional choice. Finally, 61.97% of professionals believed that this survey will correctly reflect the present scenario among YROs.

Conclusions:

The survey portrays a mixed picture as expected. Major policy changes are required to improve the infrastructure and job opportunities of this profession.
Role of intraluminal brachytherapy as a palliative treatment modality in unresectable cholangiocarcinomas
Authors: Chigurupalli Kiran , Vashistha Apoorv
Published: March 2021

Cholangiocarcinoma, a primary malignant tumor of the bile ducts mainly originates from cholangiocytes. The incidence of biliary tract tumours is high in Asian countries, mainly in Thailand, India, Japan and Korea. These tumor relapse frequently and can metastsize to distant organs. Biliary stenting either by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage is widely used procedure used to attain symptomatic relief. Radiation therapy can be used to prevent the tumor growth in or surrounding the stent, maintaining its patency. External beam radiation therapy and intraluminal brachytherapy are the two methods by which tumoricidal doses could be delivered. Intraluminal brachytherapy can help in delivering high to the tumor while not exceeding the normal tissue tolerance of surrounding organs. In the present article we try to emphasize on the role of intra luminal brachytheraphy for palliation in advanced unresectable cholangiocarcinomas.
استخدام نماذج تبني تقنية المعلومات: تطوير طوبولوجية لاختيار النماذج
Authors: فاطمة مسلم المحمادي فاطمة مسلم المحمادي
Published: March 2021

قد يمثل تنوع وتعدد نماذج ونظريات قبول تكنولوجيا المعلومات تحديًا من حيث اختيار النموذج. ويتعلق تحد آخر بالمضي في الدراسة دون الأخذ بعين الاعتبار باعتماد نموذج أو نظرية معينة. للتصدي لهذه التحديات أجريت هذه الدراسة باستخدام منهجية نموذج علوم التصميم. وقد اتبعت الباحثة بشكل خاص طريقة تطوير التصنيف التي توفر التوجيه للباحثين المهتمين بتطوير التصنيفات. يشمل التصنيف المطوّر في هذه الدراسة خصائص وأبعاد وفئات مختلفة. ساهمت هذه الدراسة في الإضافة للمؤلفات السابقة من خلال تطوير تصنيف منهجي يمكن أن يساعد في تقييم درجة التطبيق المحتمل لنماذج قبول تكنولوجيا المعلومات المختلفة. يتكون التصنيف المطوّر في هذه الدراسة من 3 فئات، 19 بعداً تتضمن ما مجموعه 91 خاصية. التصنيف المطوّر في هذه الدراسة له قيمة محتملة لباحثي تكنولوجيا المعلومات من حيث أنه يمكن استخدامه بطرق مختلفة منها أنه يمكن استخدامه كدليل لتقييم النظريات والنماذج الأخرى غير نموذج قبول التكنولوجيا (TAM). خلصت الدراسة إلى أنه على الرغم من تنوع وتعدد نماذج قبول تكنولوجيا المعلومات، فإن تقييم التصنيف المطور للدراسة الحالية يشير إلى محدوديات النماذج الحالية من حيث أن: نماذج قبول تكنولوجيا المعلومات تركز على المستوى الفردي بدلًا من مستوى المجموعة، ولا تأخذ بعين الاعتبار دراسة تأثير عوامل الخصوصية والجنس. تدعو الدراسة الحالية إلى إجراء تحول علمي في بحوث قبول وتبني تقنية المعلومات بحيث تأخذ بعين الاعتبار تحليل قبول تكنولوجيا المعلومات على مستوى المجموعة والمستوى التنظيمي.
تأثير الاحتياجات المائية الفردية المستقبلية لعام 2025 للمستوطنين في الضفة الغربية على الأمن المائي للفلسطينيين
Authors: نادية أبو زاهر نادية أبو زاهر
Published: March 2021

. عالجت هذه الدراسة تأثير الاحتياجات المائية المستقبلية للاستيطان لعام 2025 على الأمن المائي للفلسطينيين، بالاعتماد على منهج السلسلة الزمنية، ومن خلال هذا المنهج تم اعتماد فقط مؤشري السكان والاستهلاك الفعلي للمياه لكل من المستوطنين والفلسطينيين وفق ما حددته الأمم المتحدة لتقدير الاحتياجات المائية الفردية لأغراض الشرب والطهي والتنظيف. توصلت الدراسة إلى أن نسبة تفوق عدد الفلسطينيين في الضفة الغربية على عدد المستوطنين في تناقص مستمر، فبينما كانت نسبة تفوق الفلسطينيين على المستوطنين من ناحية العدد 82? عام 1999 فمن المتوقع أن تتراجع نسبة تفوق الفلسطينيين على المستوطنين لتصل إلى 72? في العام 2025. عدد المستوطنين سيكون في عام 2025 ما يقارب (507208) والفلسطينيين 3,489,939 أي بنسبة (14.5?). حجم استهلاك المستوطنين سيصبح 63.3? من استهلاك الفلسطينيين أي ما يقارب 0.5 مليون مستوطن يستهلك ما يقارب استهلاك 2.2 مليون فلسطيني. في العام 2025 هذه الزيادة في نسبة عدد المستوطنين ستؤدي إلى زيادة استهلاكهم للمياه لتصل النسبة المئوية 58? للفلسطينيين مقابل 42? للمستوطنين. والاحتياجات المائية للمستوطنين ستؤثر على انخفاض مستمر في الحصص المخصصة للفلسطينيين وعلى احتياجاتهم المائية، وبالتالي أمنهم المائي. وليس مستبعدًا خلال المائة سنة قادمة أن تصل نسبة عدد المستوطنين في الضفة الغربية إلى نفس نسبة عدد الفلسطينيين، الأمر الذي سيكون له تأثير ليس فقط على الأمن المائي للفلسطينيين، وإنما على وجودهم ويهدد حقهم في دولة فلسطينية في المستقبل.
تأثير الفراغ الشمسي على الأداء الحراري للمباني في المناطق الحارة والجافة: مدينة الرياض كحالة دراسية
Authors: وليد بن محمد أبانمي وليد بن محمد أبانمي
Published: March 2021

. ستهلك المباني في مدينة الرياض، عاصمة المملكة العربية السعودية، كمية كبيرة من الطاقة خلال فترة الشتاء كأحمال كهربائية تستهلك لتدفئة الفراغات الداخلية بهدف الوصول لمستوى الراحة للمستخدمين. وبما أن مدينة الرياض تقع في مناخ حار وجاف، فهي تواجه صيفًا طويلًا وشتاءً قارصًا. وبسبب الصيف الطويل في المنطقة الوسطى، وبالتحديد مدينة الرياض، فإن أغلب البحوث المعمارية تركز على الدراسات والتصاميم البيئية التي تقلل من أحمال التبريد في المباني. وقليل ما نجد أبحاث ودراسات تهتم بترشيد استهلاك الطاقة المستخدمة في تدفئة الفراغات الداخلية. لذلك يقوم هذا البحث بدراسة مدى تأثير الفراغ الشمسي أو كما يعرف بـ (SUNSPACE) الملاصق للمبنى على الأداء الحراري للفراغات الداخلية في فصل الشتاء. ولتحقيق ذلك، تم بناء غرفتين متماثلتين كغرف اختبارية. وبعد ذلك تمت إضافة الفراغ الشمسي على أحد الغرفتين. وبواسطة استخدام أجهزة قياس لدرجات الحرارة والرطوبة النسبية داخل وخارج كلا الغرفتين، تم عمل مقارنة للأداء الحراري في الفراغين. وبعد تحليل النتائج، اتضح أن هناك تاثير فعال للفراغ الشمسي في زيادة الحرارة المكتسبة داخل الفراغ في الغرفة المعدلة خلال الساعات المتاخرة بالليل والصباح الباكر. نتائج هذا البحث سوف تساعد المصممين المعماريين والباحثين في تحسين الأداء الحراري للمباني في فصل الشتاء، ليس فقط في مدينة الرياض، بل في جميع مدن العالم، والتي تقع في مناخ حار وجاف.
Editorial
Authors: Kavčič Jerneja
Published: March 2021

In May 2018, the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts hosted the first conference in the series A Glimpse into Greek Linguistics. Its purpose was to shed light on aspects of synchronic and diachronic research on Greek and to promote the study of this language in Slovenia.  The second conference was included in the program of festival “On Mt. Olympus” — a nine-month series of cultural and research events dedicated to Ancient Greek ideas and technological achievements — and was one of the main events of the festival. A result of the efforts for the in-depth study of Greek in Slovenia is also the present international issue of the journal Keria: Studia Latina et Graeca, which contains contributions by six participants from the second conference.
Model-Oriented Programming as a Consequence of the Structural Theory of Multi-Сomponent Complex Systems
Authors: Brodsky Yury I. , Kruglov Leonid V.
Published: March 2021

The paper offers a new programming paradigm, which implements CAD methods in programming, The level of encapsulation in model-oriented programming is higher than in the object-oriented approach. The key features of the MO-programming are declarative style (no imperative programs), and focusing on the distributed and high-performance calculations. The method proposed is based on the structural theory of multi-component complex systems, and is applicable for a rather wide class of tasks including the elaboration of simulation models of such systems.
Serious game, lectures or simulation-based mastery learning course which is the best method for training students about cardiac arrest management?
Authors: Scarpati Giuliana , Remondelli Paolo , Piazza Ornella
Published: March 2021

"Background and aim: This study aimed to compare a serious game and lectures for the pretraining of medical students before learning about simulation-based management of cardiac arrest. Methods: Participants were 150 volunteer second-year medical students between April and June 2018 randomly assigned to CPR training using either lectures (n = 75) or a serious game (n = 75). Each participant was evaluated on a scenario of cardiac arrest before and after exposure to the learning methods. The primary outcome measures were the median total training time needed for the student to reach the minimum passing score. This same outcome was also assessed three months later. Results: The median training time necessary for students to reach the minimum passing score was similar between the two groups (p=0,45). Achieving an appropriate degree of chest compression was the most difficult requirement to fulfill for students in both groups. Singing the refrain of the song ""staying alive"" significantly increased the number of compressions with the correct rate. Three months later, the median training time decreased significantly in both groups. However, students have remained interested in the serious game for a longer time showing a preference for using this method. Conclusions: The serious game was not superior to lectures to pretraining medical students in the management of a cardiac arrest."
The impact of virtual visualisation: perception and design of spaces in ethnographic projects
Authors: Márquez Cañizares Juan Carlos , Rojas Juan-Carlos
Published: March 2021

"The use of VR technology within education is an area that has generated great interest in recent years, so this work follows that trend and contains nuances related to user-centred design education. The objective of this work is to identify students’ perceptions of the use of VR technology for ethnographic research. A group of 20 industrial design students from Tecnologico de Monterrey conducted a field investigation, which included interviews and surveys, using HMD with videos and stereoscopic images of a public park in Monterrey, Mexico. Based on the research and information analysis, areas of opportunity were identified and urban furniture proposals for the public park that place were generated. Once the design process was completed, an evaluation instrument was applied to measure, through statistical analysis, the students' perceptions of their experience using technology in the design process; gender, qualification obtained and the relevance of the technology used was also considered."
O problema da Alétheia: uma interpretação heideggeriana da alegoria da caverna de Platão
Authors: Da Silva Leonardo
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo investiga a interpretação heideggeriana da Alegoria da Caverna de Platão. Em primeiro momento se reconstrói os “três símiles”, a imagem do Sol e da Linha Dividida que se desdobram na Imagem da Caverna, expostas nos livros VI e VII da Republica, para explicitar a teoria das ideias e a formação pedagógica, a paidéia, apresentadas pelo filósofo grego. Em segundo, se apresenta a leitura proposta pelo filósofo alemão e a finalidade desta interpretação. Trata-se de reconstruir os “quatro estádios” da leitura de Heidegger da caverna para explicitar o problema da verdade, da Alethéia. O objetivo central de Heidegger é expor que a formação do homem endereçada ao mundo superior, às ideias, dá um pontapé inicial no filosofar sob a ótica da Metafísica. O modo originário que os gregos experenciavam a verdade alethéia se confunde com a verdade como concordância, omoíosis, tornando-se o primeiro passo na história do esquecimento do Ser.