bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital communication and Ramadan at the time of COVID-19
Authors: Fanara Dario
Published: December 2021

COVID-19 has presented both a health and an information risk with the viral spread of sometimes partial, false or erroneous news. In the Arab region, the media spheres have been saturated with information regarding coronavirus news. From social and traditional media, Arab audiences have been bombarded with a plethora of information, some of which was confusing and contradictory. As coronavirus sweeps across the world, many questions have been raised about the possibility of practicing the rites of the month of Ramadan and to observe fasting by Muslims. With the multiplication of the responses from medical staff, doctors of the law and political representatives, COVID-19 has simultaneously become a health, religious, political and ethical problem for the Muslim world. The premise elaborated so far calls for an in-depth research on the return of news on the official Facebook pages of three online magazines during the coronavirus emergency. The research carries out a qualitative media content analysis of all the news published by three digital ethnic newspapers: The Muslim News (United Kingdom), the Saphir News (France) and the Daily Muslim (Italy). The magazines have undertaken to stem the spread of fake news by offering users data and updates on COVID-19, proposing themselves as authoritative voices and reliable sources of information. Ramadan turns out to be a very central element in the three magazines in different measures, since it is an issue that becomes more and more urgent for the Muslim community as the weeks go by. The centrality of the religious element in the information flows is in line with the centrality of Islam in the individual and community life of the faithful. The health and religious emergency were narrated together providing updates on the daily measures to be put in place. Individuals have been called to face the health emergency stimulated by their sense of responsibility towards others also through religious principles. Social media have played an important role from religious, cultural and social points of view in one of the most important moments of the year for the Islamic community.
Broadcasting and national identity construction in Qatar: The case of Al-Rayyan TV
Authors: Miladi Noureddine , Ben Messaoud Moez , Zran Jamel
Published: December 2021

This research sought to study the contents of Al-Rayyan TV programmes and their relationship to the construction of national identity in Qatar, a task this channel has taken as an editorial line since its inception in 2012. In this article, we present findings of an audience-based exploration of Al-Rayyan TV’s viewership. Fieldwork data was gathered via a base of 720 survey questionnaires from a sample of Qatari society as well as fifteen interviews conducted with experts and social media activists. The aim was to find out respondents’ views about the role of the channel in promoting Qatari identity and culture. Research questionnaires were managed at intervals between August and November 2020. Fieldwork results showed that the surveyed viewers believe that the channel plays a significant role in preserving Qatari national culture and heritage. However, when it comes to rating Qatari TV channels in order of importance, respondents’ favourite TV broadcaster in terms of news and current affairs programmes was Al Jazeera, followed by beIN Sports, Qatar TV, Al-Rayyan TV and finally Al Kass. Research findings also reveal an evident trend among young Qataris and professionals who find social media networks the most convenient platforms to view and share content from Al-Rayyan TV. People watch video clips from the most popular programmes, such as Al-Sabah Rabah, Umm Rashid, Taraheeb and In the Shadows of Doha, among others, which they receive via Twitter, Instagram and Facebook. However, concerns via-à-vis Al-Rayyan TV’s repetitive content and a programme schedule that does not include much entertainment content cannot be missed from viewers’ responses. The dwindling popularity of the channel among Qatari youth is perceived as one such result of its inability to transform itself in the age of digital explosion.
Aborto y participación política en la etiqueta #28S en Argentina
Authors: Acosta Marina
Published: December 2021

El feminismo es uno de los movimientos sociales que más relevancia ha cobrado en el contexto mundial en los últimos tiempos. Con una larga historia de lucha, las mujeres son portadoras de demandas que se vertebran en disputas articuladas tanto en premisas de reconocimiento como de redistribución. La participación de muchas mujeres jóvenes en las movilizaciones del #NiUnaMenos obligó al feminismo a apelar a otras formas de comunicación y servirse de las plataformas digitales para organizar la protesta social. Las redes sociales le han proporcionado al colectivo una plataforma para visibilizar sus reclamos y demandas globales. En el Día Internacional por el Aborto Seguro, la Campaña Nacional por el Derecho al Aborto legal, seguro y gratuito lanzó en Argentina la etiqueta #28S con el fin de presionar a los tomadores de decisión en la discusión formal sobre el aborto. La etiqueta arropó los sentires y opiniones de muchos/as ciudadanos/as preocupados/as por la problemática. Como en general ocurre con el activism hashtag los/las usuarios/as crearon un conjunto de narrativas de petición, demandas y protestas. El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la conversación digital en el hashtag para dar cuenta de la dinámica comunicacional de los/las usuarios/as que participaron de ella, describir sus interacciones e identificar sus narrativas. Además de la clásica revisión bibliográfica, la propuesta cuali-cuantitativa del estudio es exploratoria y descriptiva. Se aplica el método cuantitativo del análisis de contenido y el método cualitativo del análisis documental. Dentro de los principales resultados destaca que las cuentas más activas pertenecen a usuarios/as con poca cantidad de seguidores que escriben a título personal, los líderes de opinión crean los contenidos alrededor de los cuales se produce la interacción y en sus publicaciones los/las usuarios/as retoman los encuadres activados por la Campaña en sus documentos.
Releyendo el surrealismo desde una perspectiva feminista
Authors: Cendán Caaveiro Marina Susana
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es repensar el surrealismo, contextualizándolo en el presente y revisando críticamente algunos de sus postulados teóricos, particularmente aquellos que han incidido en la construcción de una imagen estereotipada de la mujer. Musas, niñas eternas o femme fatales, los surrealistas ejercieron a través de sus obras y escritos una manipulación continuada y, en muchos casos, intolerable del cuerpo e imagen de la mujer, bajo el pretexto del erotismo, la sexualidad o el mito. El surrealismo abrió sus puertas a más creadoras que ningún otro movimiento de vanguardia, sin embargo, su insistencia en el entendimiento de las mismas como sujetos poéticos, hizo que desaprovechase la oportunidad de revisar, objetivamente, las motivaciones femeninas. Basta observar las creaciones de muchas artistas surrealistas para apreciar que sus intereses no tienen nada que ver con los de sus colegas masculinos: pocas veces se identificaron con la mitología erótica o la simbología freudiana, construyendo un imaginario que ponía en valor sus propias circunstancias personales. Como punto de partida metodológico, nos hemos servido de una publicación relativamente reciente (2005) de Alyce Mahon, Surrealismo, Eros y política (1938-1968), la cual reivindica la vigencia del surrealismo valiéndose de argumentos filosóficos, idealismos y mitos. Contrastando los puntos de vista de Mahon con las contribuciones de figuras clave del feminismo y estudiosas del surrealismo, aportamos una serie de reflexiones sobre las estructuras ocultas de poder, tratando de desenmascarar aquellos relatos que, tras una supuesta objetividad, manifiestan un continuismo ideológico con los mecanismos de poder tradicionales. Asimismo, planteamos la necesidad de permanecer vigilantes sobre las fuentes divulgativas y las metodologías docentes y académicas, en aras de contextualizar y analizar críticamente los excesos de determinadas ideologías artísticas.
La ambivalencia como rasgo definitorio del discurso de Oxfam Intermón sobre las mujeres del sur
Authors: Ibáñez Laura
Published: December 2021

En 2018, casos de abuso y explotación sexual sacudieron a las ONG de Desarrollo (ONGD). Estos hechos demostraron que las organizaciones no son ajenas a las dinámicas opresivas hacia la población femenina que se registran en otros ámbitos de la sociedad. Las ONGD han implementado una serie de medidas con la finalidad de atajar estos casos. A estas reflexiones y prácticas, se realiza en esta investigación una aportación adicional desde el ámbito de la comunicación. Para ello, analizamos la representación efectuada sobre las mujeres del Sur con el propósito de conocer si aún presentan al colectivo de manera victimista y paternalista. Asimismo, se estudia posibles cambios en la representación que se hayan podido desencadenar posteriormente a los sucesos acaecidos en 2018. Concretamente, se han analizado los boletines para socios/as de Oxfam Intermón durante los periodos 2015-2016 y 2018-2019. El principal resultado de la investigación evidencia que la característica predominante de la imagen que la ONGD construye en torno a las mujeres del Sur es la ambivalencia. La representación aún conserva elementos de corte asistencialista porque ellas son tenidas en cuenta por la ONGD en cuanto a su condición de víctimas y, en consecuencia, de beneficiarias de las intervenciones. No obstante, estos roles son combinados con otros recursos que permiten mostrarlas como agentes clave en los ámbitos doméstico, productivo y público. Así, son retratadas como actoras relevantes para las economías familiares en actividades como la agricultura o la ganadería y como importantes agentes comunitarios. Sin embargo, estas últimas funciones no están exentas de contrariedad, pues, en definitiva, se las interpreta como una ampliación y traslación de sus roles reproductivos a los espacios productivo y comunitario.
In Bed with an Egyptian Princess: Herodotus on Theft, Pyramids and Conquest
Authors: Sánchez Mañas Carmen
Published: December 2021

Following in the footsteps of Homer, both in the Iliad and in the Odyssey, Herodotus of Halicarnassus gives women a very conspicuous presence in the only work attributed to him, known as the Histories. Usually, the women who appear in his work are directly related to prominent male characters. In this respect, daughterhood is one of the most distinct roles played by women in Herodotus’ Histories. Twelve of the women actively involved in the narrative written by the author of Halicarnassus are identified as daughters of kings, tyrants or other noblemen, both of Greek and barbarian origin. Among the available examples, in this paper we focus on three Egyptian princesses, daughters of the pharaohs Rhampsinitus, Cheops and Amasis —in reality, Apries—, because they constitute precious instances for exploring the tensions arising in parent-child relationships in the Herodotean work. We aim at determining whether these princesses are individually fulfilled as characters, despite being sexually dominated daughters by their fathers, either biological other putative. To this end, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the three passages in which they appear (Hdt. 2.121ε; 2.126; 3.1), taking into account why and under what circumstances they are sexually controlled, how they interact with their fathers and other male characters and what consequences the sexual control they are subjected to has on them. Results show that the three Egyptian princesses achieve their own fulfilment as a wife, builder and avenger, respectively. We conclude that Herodotus confers on them visibility, dignity and their own non-transferable personality.
Improved bathymetry leads to >4000 new seamount predictions in the global ocean – but beware of phantom seamounts!
Authors: Yesson Chris , Letessier Tom B. , Nimmo-Smith Alex , Hosegood Phil , Brierley Andrew S. , Hardouin Marie , Proud Roland
Published: December 2021

Seamounts are important marine habitats that are hotspots of species diversity. Relatively shallow peaks, increased productivity and offshore locations make seamounts vulnerable to human impact and difficult to protect. Present estimates of seamount numbers vary from anywhere between 10,000 to more than 60,000. Seamount locations can be estimated by extracting large, cone-like features from bathymetry grids (based on criteria of size and shape). These predicted seamounts are a useful reference for marine researchers and can help direct exploratory surveys. However, these predictions are dependent on the quality of the surveys underpinning the bathymetry. Historically, quality has been patchy, but is improving as mapping efforts step up towards the target of complete seabed coverage by 2030. This study presents an update of seamount predictions based on SRTM30 PLUS global bathymetry version 11 and examines a potential source of error in these predictions. This update was prompted by a seamount survey in the British Indian Ocean Territory in 2016, where locations of two putative seamounts were visited. These ‘seamounts’ were targeted based on previous predictions, but these features were not detected during echosounder surveys. An examination of UK hydrographic office navigational (Admiralty) charts for the area showed that the summits of these putative features had soundings reporting ‘no bottom detected at this depth’ where ‘this depth’ was similar to the seabed reported from the bathymetry grids: we suspect that these features likely resulted from an initial misreading of the charts. We show that 15 ‘phantom seamount’ features, derived from a misinterpretation of no bottom sounding data, persist in current global bathymetry grids and updated seamount predictions. Overall, we predict 37,889 seamounts, an increase of 4437 from the previous predictions derived from an older global bathymetry grid (SRTM30 PLUS v6). This increase is due to greater detail in newer bathymetry grids as acoustic mapping of the seabed expands. The new seamount predictions are available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.921688.
Da categorização radial à representação construcional
Authors: Muniz Jéssica Cassemiro , Pinheiro Diogo
Published: December 2021

Com base nos resultados de um experimento psicolinguístico, Muniz (2019) argumenta que os verbos “cortar”, “quebrar” e “rasgar” do português brasileiro definem categorias semânticas com estrutura radial. Neste artigo, investigamos se esses resultados podem ser atribuídos à existência de níveis construcionais redundantes na representação do conhecimento linguístico, tal como advogado pela Gramática de Construções Baseada no Uso. A fim de verificar essa hipótese, foi realizado um experimento de produção induzida no qual os participantes deveriam fornecer descrições orais de vídeos em que eram encenados eventos de separação. Os resultados forneceram evidências favoráveis à nossa hipótese, sugerindo que pode ser promissora a aproximação entre os estudos sobre categorização radial, de um lado, e as pesquisas em Gramática de Construções, de outro.
Because X sob a perspectiva da Gramática de Construções
Authors: Mendes Junior Wellington Araujo , Mattos Elisa
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise da construção [because X] com base nos preceitos teóricos da Gramática de Construções (FILLMORE et al., 1988; GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006; BYBEE, 2016) e na Linguística de Corpus (McENERY; HARDIE, 2013; SINCLAIR, 2005) como metodologia. Os dados foram coletados com um código computacional no corpus EnTenTen (JAKUBÍČEK et al. 2013), de acordo com padrões lexicogramaticais de because. Os resultados indicam forte preferência da construção [because X] por substantivos, adjetivos e interjeições em [X], muitas vezes se comportando como [because + sintagma preposicional]. Com base nos parâmetros de Fillmore et al. (1988), [because X] pode ser vista como construção aberta, codificável, formal e extragramatical. Sugerimos que [because X] é usada principalmente em contextos informais, favorecendo a brevidade.
Os nanopassos da mudança construcional
Authors: Rosa Flávia Saboya da Luz
Published: December 2021

O principal objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar e aplicar a proposta de análise dos nanopassos (ROSA, 2019), isto é, alterações graduais, de forma ou conteúdo, ocorridas num mesmo contexto de mudança construcional. Para esse fim, o objeto de estudo selecionado é a microconstrução marcadora discursiva refreador-argumentativa calma aí. Inserido no âmbito da Línguística Cognitivo-Funcional ou Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso, tal tratamento tem como bases teóricas fundamentais a abordagem construcionalista (TRAUGOTT; TROUSDALE, 2013) e os princípios dos contextos de mudança linguística (DIEWALD, 2002, 2006; DIEWALD; SMIRNOVA, 2012). Por se tratar de um recorte de pesquisa pancrônica mais abrangente, este trabalho contém dados coletados no Diário do Congresso Nacional, com publicações dos séculos XX e XXI. Constata-se que as análises por meio do exame dos nanopassos proporcionam verificação mais acurada de processos, como metonimização e metaforização, que resultam em mudança construcional. Além disso, é possível flagrar de modo mais preciso as características da forma (sintática, morfológica e fonológica) e do conteúdo (semântico, pragmático e discursivo) da construção em cada estágio de mudança.
El proceso cautelar como situación jurídica
Authors: Fattorello Rodríguez Sebastián Andrés , Niño Torres Angel Jesús
Published: December 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito examinar las incidencias de la diversidad de concepciones aplicables según el desenvolvimiento propio del proceso civil y del proceso cautelar en Venezuela. Para el análisis del fenómeno se emplearon normas adjetivas de carácter civil, nacionales y extranjeras, así como la Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela (1999), posturas doctrinales y criterios jurisprudenciales del Tribunal Supremo de Justicia. Esta investigación tuvo un diseño documental, empleando el método dialéctico para la interpretación del fenómeno. Se concluyó que la naturaleza jurídica del proceso cautelar se circunscribe a la teoría del mismo como una situación jurídica dinámica.
Comentario a la Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo 1/2019
Authors: Costa Gilabert Fernando
Published: December 2021

La sentencia que resuelve el recuso de casación interpuesto por el abogado del Estado en representación de la Administración General del Estado contra la decisión de la Audiencia Nacional, por la que se procedía a anular una resolución sancionadora de la CNC, desestima el mismo y, a su vez, sienta doctrina acerca dos cuestiones. La primera consiste en determinar el alcance y extensión del control jurisdiccional sobre las apreciaciones económicas complejas que puede llevar a cabo un órgano regulador de un sector haciendo uso del margen de apreciación de que dispone en base al ámbito de sus competencias; la segunda, en determinar si la delimitación del mercado relevante que había hecho la CNC para sancionar a Vodafone podía vulnerar el art. 2 LDC y la jurisprudencia comunitaria.
Trabajo doméstico migrante en Chile y el COVID-19. Cuidadoras bolivianas en el descampado
Authors: Rico María Nieves , Leiva-Gómez Sandra
Published: December 2021

El trabajo doméstico migrante constituye una alternativa a la crisis de cuidado en numerosos países. Sin embargo, el trabajo doméstico remunerado no ha sido adecuadamente relevado como un agente proveedor de cuidado, ni tampoco se han diseñado políticas públicas que le otorguen suficiente protección y derechos básicos. La pandemia del covid dejó al descubierto tales falencias, conceptualizando como sindemia las interrelaciones entre la crisis de cuidado, la crisis sanitaria y la pobreza, que exacerban las consecuencias negativas del covid 19. Tomando estos elementos como base y mediante entrevistas en profundidad y revisión de documentos, el texto analiza el caso de las trabajadoras domésticas bolivianas en Chile que realizan una migración circular y su vulnerabilidad, al quedar varadas en el descampado en la frontera chilena-boliviana.  El artículo finaliza con propuestas de políticas públicas de cuidado para las trabajadoras domésticas migrantes, con un enfoque de derechos y desde una perspectiva de género.
Diplomasi Middle-Power Indonesia di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Triwibowo Albert , Martha Jessica
Published: December 2021

Middle countries are considered to be more vulnerable in crisis management because of their marginal position in the international politics. In the pandemic, middle power diplomacy is expected to fill the void left by developed countries so that they focus on multilateral efforts. This paper argues that Indonesia exercised middle power diplomacy in 2020. This diplomacy is carried out with a commitment to encourage global cooperation in resolving the pandemic through multilateral efforts. The multilateral initiatives are carried out as part of ‘good international citizenship’, and also serves as the mechanism to voice Indonesian aspirations, aspirations related to humanity, efforts to create global norms, and efforts to reach international treaties. This paper is a qualitative research, which is based on a literature study in the form of an official statement from the Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and is supported by secondary sources.
Aspek Human Security dalam Pembatasan Masuknya Orang Asing ke Indonesia karena Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sande Junior Perdana
Published: December 2021

This article aims to analyze Indonesia’s Immigration policy in restricting the arrival of foreigners due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Through a qualitative research method and descriptive analysis approach, it can be explained how the concept of human security and state sovereignty affects the making and implementation of a series of policies to restrict the arrival of foreigners to Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. The author seeks to provide an analysis of how the Covid-19 pandemic has become a real threat to global human security and how the Indonesian government seeks to protect the Indonesian people by limiting the arrival of foreigners to minimize the spread of Covid-19. The Indonesian government does not take a lockdown policy, but prefers policies that can protect health while protecting the economic activities of the Indonesian people. In the ‘New Normal’ way, Indonesia’s immigration policies continue to adapt to support economic recovery while supporting the implementation of health protocols.
Persembahan untuk Masa Depan Pengungsi: Resensi Buku
Authors: Darmawan Arief Bakhtiar
Published: December 2021

Buku First, They Erased Our Name: A Rohingya Speaks yang ditulis Habiburahman dan Sophia Ansel menawarkan pengetahuan dari sisi perjalanan hidup korban. Cerita ini penting sebab kemiskinan, tingkat literasi rendah, dan akses teknologi yang terbatas membuat etnis Rohingya tidak mampu menghadapi penggiringan opini tentang isu Rohingya versi pemerintah Myanmar. Bersamaan dengan itu, selama ini, eksistensi kelompok minoritas sangat bergantung pada pihak lain, seperti para aktivis maupun organisasi internasional yang menyuarakan hak asasi manusia. Habiburahman ingin mendobrak semua itu. Kehadiran buku ini menegaskan: saatnya perspektif dan pengalaman seorang Rohingya berbicara kepada khalayak masyarakat global tentang apa yang sebenarnya terjadi terhadap mereka.
Keterkaitan Sistem Penyediaan Air Bersih dan Angka Penyakit Diare di Daerah Pesisir Kelurahan Kangkung
Authors: Putri Esya Desfia , Zurfi Alfian , Setiawati Endang , Lisafitri Yuni
Published: December 2021

Diare merupakan penyakit berbasis lingkungan yang sering dikaitkan dengan kejadian kematian. Kurang baiknya sistem penyediaan air bersih dapat meningkatkan kejadian diare. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi kejadian diare, mengkaji kualitas mikrobiologi sampel air, status sistem yang menyediakan air bersih, dan menganalisis korelasi antara angka penyakit diare dan sistem penyediaan air di daerah pesisir Kangkung, Bandar Lampung. Populasi pada kajian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat di wilayah pesisir Kelurahan Kangkung. Penentuan sampel dengan teknik random sampling. Data penelitian didapatkan melalui kuesioner dan analisis dilakukan dengan uji chi-square, sedangkan total coliform dilakukan dengan metode Most Probable Number. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi terjadinya diare sebanyak 22,2%, kandungan Coliform pada air PAM 0 MPN/ml, air suteng sebanyak 1100 MPN/ml, dan air sumur sebanyak 1100 MPN/ml. Daerah pesisir kelurahan Kangkung, sistem penyediaan air bersihnya cukup baik karena lebih banyak responden yang masuk dalam katagori memenuhi syarat dibandingkan yang tidak. Namun, hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak ada keterkaitan yang signifikan antara sistem yang menyediakan air bersih dengan kejadian diare di wilayah pesisir Kelurahan Kangkung.ABSTRACTDiarrhea is one of the disease based in environmentally that is often associated with death. Poor system of clean water supply can increase the incidence of diarrhea. The purpose of this research to identify frequency of diarrhea, to examine the microbiological quality of water samples, the status of the system that ptovides clean water, and to analize the correlation between diarrhea disease rate and the water supply system in the coastal areas of Kangkung, Bandar Lampung City. The population in this research were an entire comunity in the coastal area of Kangkung Village. Determination of the sample selection by the random sampling technique. The research data was obtained through a questionnaire and then analyzed was carried out using the chi-square test. Meanwhile, the total coliform test was carried out using the Most Probable Number method. The results showed the proportion of diarrhea was  22.2%, total Coliform in water from drink water company was 0 MPN/ml, Suteng water was 1100 MPN/ml, and well water was 1100 MPN/ml. In the coastal area of the Kangkung, the clean water supply system is quite good because more respondents are included in the eligible category than those who do not. However, the results of the analysis show that there is no significant correlation between the system that provides clean water and the incidence of diarrhea in the coastal area of Kangkung Village.
Milczenie wersologiczne
Authors: Skrzypczak Iga
Published: December 2021

Artykuł stanowi próbę przyjrzenia się momentom milczenia w wierszu wolnym sygnalizowanym poprzez niestandardowe zastosowanie myślnika (niezgodne z zasadami interpunkcji, niewynikające z wymogów gramatycznych). Celem tekstu jest wykazanie, że tak użyte znaki pozostają ekwiwalentne wobec wyrazów, funkcjonują w tekście poetyckim na tych samych prawach co słowo. Pod względem semantyczno-aksjologicznym sytuują się jednak w wielu przypadkach ponad tym, co wyrażone werbalnie. Próba opisu tego zjawiska wiąże się z rewizją dotychczasowej literatury poświęconej koncepcjom wiersza wolnego, które w swoich założeniach nie uwzględniały semantycznej interpunkcji traktowanej strukturalnie jako ekwiwalent słowa.
Filmowe reprezentacje ostatniej wieczerzy jako locus theologicus (trzy wizje biblijnej sceny)
Authors: Kolasińska-Pasterczyk Iwona
Published: December 2021

The cinematic scenes of the Last Supper were treated as a challenge to visual theology. As the Last Supper, which in the films about Jesus of Nazareth (and, of course, the gospels) is the culmination (and also a turning point as an event ending Jesus` earthly activity), it is possible to see the essence of the theological message of films referring to the gospel in its presentation. The scenes of the Last Supper from three films were subjected  to a comparative analysis, each of which is an individual director`s vision. These are The King of Kings (1961) by Nicholas Ray, The Passion of the Christ (2004) by Mel Gibson and The Thorn of God (2015) by Óscar Parra de Carrizosa. The selection criterion was the importance given in the films to the scenes of the Last Supper and their mutually diverse representations. It has been shown how the established new transmission of visual theology modifies the meanings determined by classical theology, basically not deviating from the framework set by it.
Abel Gance po trzykroć oskarża: metafizyka i apokaliptyczna wyobraźnia w służbie pacyfizmu
Authors: Kłys Tomasz
Published: December 2021

This text is inspired by monumental and editorially perfect BluRay/DVD box set J’accuse (Gaumont, Paris 2017). It includes BluRay and DVD editions of all three J’accuse films (1919, 1937, 1956), two other Gance’s films, specifying the context of „trilogy” (Les Gaz mortels, 1916 and La Fin du monde, 1931) and the large director’s monography by Laurent Véray. From this revelatory archive emerges the image of Abel Gance as an artist who for 40 years of his filmmaker’s career was incessantly reworking deep trauma caused by World War One. It resulted in three J’accuse films, two other finished films and some other never realized screenplays and projects which made up particular work-in-progress whose mission is a message of peace. The text analyzes all three versions of J’accuse, concentrating on their allegorical style, metaphysical concept of ressurrection of fallen soldiers and apocalyptic vision of resurrected dead men’s processions which by its horror should persuade the mankind to stop all wars. In the last J’accuse (1956) – in fact, strongly shortened and reedited film from 1937 – Gance used the technique of triptych in which the picture was projected by three parallelly set projectors on the large screen with proportions 4:1. This version, immersing perceptually and sensorically spectator in the wide-format picture full of war horrors, today seems to be much more effective medium for message of peace than undecided between pacifism and patriotism, impressionistic in its style film from 1919, or laden with full of pathos verbal rhetorics J’accuse 1937.
Andrey Zvyagintsev’s Loveless as the remediation of Mikhail Bulgakov’s The heart of a dog. Towards the question of cultural memory
Authors: Waligórska-Olejniczak Beata
Published: December 2021

The article aims to examine the relationship between two texts: Loveless (Нелюбовь, 2017), the latest of Andrey Zvyagintsev’s feature films, and The Heart of a Dog (Собачье сердце, 1925), one of Mikhail Bulgakov’s most popular short stories. The studies are focused on finding the parallels showing the work of cultural memory, which is understood – following Aleida Assmann’s and Astrid Erll’s findings – as the process of continuous remediation, retranscription and negotiation of essential ideas in the space of culture. Consequently, the author is not interested in treating Zvyagintsev’s text as the illustration of Bulgakov’s plot, but rather in discussing certain topics which are deposited in Russian literature and constantly reused and reinterpreted, creating the framework for communication across ‘the abyss of time’. The analogies between the selected texts are sought in the area of their structure, some thematic overlapping, the authors’ approach to the issue of the authoritarian ideology and the role of technology as well as in exploring the function of space as one of the narrative mechanisms, in particular in the context of the category of home and anti-home.
Scena krytyczna
Authors: Krajewska Anna
Published: December 2021

The editorial concerns the characteristics of a new section entitled Critical Scene, which will present critical articles showing how statements about literature, art and theory function in the academic field. It is a proposal to create a model of dramaturgical critique that will show the process of creating the relationship between a work and the field in which it operates. The new section strengthens the vision of dramaturgical literary studies developed on various stages combining art and science.
Poetyka kognitywna dwie dekady później. Rozważania wokół drugiego wydania Cognitive Poetics Petera Stockwella (2020)
Authors: Kędra-Kardela Anna , Kowalczyk Andrzej Sławomir
Published: December 2021

The article discusses cognitive poetics as an important theoretical framework in contemporary literary studies, in the context of the publication of the second, revised edition of Peter Stockwell’s Cognitive Poetics: An Introduction (2020). First, the authors discuss critical comments put forward by scholars with respect to Stockwell’s earlier studies in cognitive poetics, and next, from a literary-studies perspective they carry out an overall assessment of the revisions and modifications introduced in the book’s current edition. Irrespective of some critical remarks, there is no doubt that thanks to the changes, the inspirational value of Stockwell’s book has been enhanced.
Naufragés japonais et leur rôle dans les relations nippo-occidentales: Défis d’une étude globale
Authors: Kashkin Danila
Published: December 2021

Between 1633 and 1639, the Tokugawa shogunate had published a series of edicts, expelling all Westerners except the Dutch from the country, curtailing international commerce and missionary activities, as well as forbidding the Japanese from ever leaving their homeland. The Edo government maintained its isolationist course with varying degrees of success for more than two hundred years, finally caving in under foreign pressure in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Although the border control was exceptionally strict, small merchant craft and fisherman boats were still navigating between the islands of Japan. The sailors could rarely find a way back home after a shipwreck. Saved by passing whalers or washed ashore in a distant land, some of them survived their ordeal and ended up in the West where they were often employed as guides, interpreters and language teachers. Several countries sent diplomatic missions to Japan, using repatriation of castaways as a pretext to open negotiations with the shogunate. In this article, we will try to deconstruct the history of the relations between Japan and the Western powers through the eyes of these castaways and identify several methodological challenges that such a research entails.
Five Views ofdefiniendain Alexander’sQuaestiones1.3 and 2.14
Authors: Havrda Matyáš
Published: December 2021

InQuaestiones1.3 and 2.14, Alexander presents a distinctly realist or essentialist view of the objects of definition, distinguished, on the one hand, from two types of realism rejected by Aristotle (definiendaas separate forms and as particulars), and, on the other, from two types of conceptualism (non-essentialist and essentialist abstractivism) that probably belong within the Peripatetic tradition. The difference between Alexander’s view and essentialist abstractivism lies in his understanding ofdefiniendanot as the common concepts of things existing in the particulars, but as the common things conceived of as existing in the particulars. This paper offers a close reading ofQuaest.1.3, whose aim is to flesh out Alexander’s position vis-à-vis the objects of definition against the backdrop of the four rejected alternatives. The distinction between Alexander’s essentialism and the essentialist abstractivist notion ofdefiniendais further explained in light ofQuaest.2.14. The amended Greek text ofQuaest.1.3 is appended with an English translation.
Public policy on city center revitalization based on the Town Centre Management concept
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Horbliuk Serhii , Stepanets Inna
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, it is impossible to ensure sustainable development of the state without using innovative policies of territorial development, one of which is a city revitalization policy. This article defines the main causes of city center degradation and typical approaches to revitalizing city centers in Europe and North America. The New Urbanism principles are outlined as regards city center revitalization, with an emphasis on their potential importance for sustainable urban development. The evolution of Town Centre Management (TCM) and the features of its application are characterized by authors with a focus on the mechanisms of anti-crisis management professionalization in the conditions of degrading city centers. A model of the public policy on city center revitalization based on the TCM concept is presented, which envisages the functioning of a TCM manager (office) of (with a list of the main tasks); objectives and the sequence of policy implementation stages; application of tools for public participation and a public-private partnership in this process; city center revival through an integrated effect on various spheres (community, economy, space and environment), and, as a result, achievement of a multiplicative effect for the promotion and development of the entire city. The study used a set of general scientific and specialized methods that are based on the modern scientific principles of public administration and its related sciences (geography, economics, sociology, culturology, etc.), and interdisciplinary and systematic approaches.
The role of open source software in the process of implementing social innovation in SMEs
Authors:   University of Economics in Katowice, Pałys Marcin
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, small and medium-sized enterprises (further SME) look for ways to overcome pressing social problems. An open-software-based application can be considered a powerful tool for this task, because of functionalities such as data management, BI operation, and efficient channels of communication. A review of literature shows that there is a shortage of studies concerning connections between usage of Free/Libre or Open Source Software (further FLOSS) and implementing Social Innovation (SI). The aim of this research is to investigate how the use of FLOSS relates to the ability of SMEs to implement SI. The author aims to underline key areas in which FLOSS supported implementation of SI. A set of recommendations for future initiatives is created based on the experience of successful implementation. Based on a review of literature, the author created a set of hypotheses which are validated by the in-depth surveys with three companies in the SME sector. The article structure is as follows: first the author presents literature findings concerning the subject, and next the areas of the model and survey answers. Finally, the author performs a critical review of the model, confirming that open software can stimulate the process of developing social innovation in SMEs, especially in cost reduction, flexibility, and community support.
Reward Value Revealed by Auction in Rhesus Monkeys
Authors: Al-Mohammad Alaa , Schultz Wolfram
Published: December 2021

Economic choice is thought to involve the elicitation of the subjective values of the choice options. Thus far, value estimation in animals has relied on stochastic choices between multiple options presented in repeated trials and expressed from averages of dozens of trials. However, subjective reward valuations are made moment-to-moment and do not always require alternative options; their consequences are usually felt immediately. Here, we describe a Becker–DeGroot–Marschak (BDM) auction-like mechanism that provides more direct and simple valuations with immediate consequences. The BDM encourages agents to truthfully reveal their true subjective value in individual choices (“incentive compatibility”). Male monkeys reliably placed well-ranked BDM bids for up to five juice volumes while paying from a water budget. The bids closely approximated the average subjective values estimated with conventional binary choices (BCs), thus demonstrating procedural invariance and aligning with the wealth of knowledge acquired with these less direct estimation methods. The feasibility of BDM bidding in monkeys paves the way for an analysis of subjective neuronal value signals in single trials rather than from averages; the feasibility also bridges the gap to the increasingly used BDM method in human neuroeconomics.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe subjective economic value of rewards cannot be measured directly but must be inferred from observable behavior. Until now, the estimation method in animals was rather complex and required comparison between several choice options during repeated choices; thus, such methods did not respect the imminence of the outcome from individual choices. However, human economic research has developed a simple auction-like procedure that can reveal in a direct and immediate manner the true subjective value in individual choices [Becker–DeGroot–Marschak (BDM) mechanism]. The current study implemented this mechanism in rhesus monkeys and demonstrates its usefulness for eliciting meaningful value estimates of liquid rewards. The mechanism allows future neurophysiological assessment of subjective reward value signals in single trials of controlled animal tasks.
The Images of China and Britain in the Syrian Media
Authors: Ding Hengrui , Sun Degang
Published: December 2021

China and Britain have contrasting images in the official and unofficial Syrian media. By analysing relevant news stories, this study reveals that China’s involvement in the Syrian crisis as covered by the Syrian media is usually limited to governmental affairs, while Britain’s involvement covered by the Syrian media, especially the “revolutionary” outlet, figures in a relatively wider range of diverse nongovernmental happenings including activities of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and the media. Most importantly, the study finds that the “revolutionary” outlet Enab Baladi is apt to present Chinese involvement as negative, but presents British involvement as positive, while the government-backed news agency SANA portrays a completely positive image of China and a fundamentally negative image of Britain.
Potentialities in Applying Foucault’s Discourse Analysis to World Bank Research
Authors: Moritz Sarah
Published: December 2021

Applying the discourse analysis methods of Michel Foucault to reports researched and published by the World Bank may reveal certain kinds of thinking embedded in the work of the institution, and this may serve as an important resource or vehicle for understanding the relationship between the World Bank and the societies it services. Such insight is important because it acts as an international authority on the alleviation of poverty and inequality, and as an informative resource for other institutions and the public. For this reason, it is necessary to ensure its research does not cause unnecessary harm to the societies in which it operates, which are often vulnerable to external actors.
Characterisation, Performance and Optimisation of Nanocellulose Metalworking Fluid (MWF) for Green Machining Process
Authors: Samykano Mahendran , J. Kananathan  , K. Kadirgama  , A. K. Amirruddin  , D. Ramasamy  , L. Samylingam
Published: December 2021

The present research attempts to develop a hybrid coolant by mixing alumina nanoparticles with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) into ethylene glycol-water (60:40) and investigate the viability of formulated hybrid nanocoolant (CNC-Al2O3-EG-Water) towards enhancing the machining behavior. The two-step method has been adapted to develop the hybrid nanocoolant at various volume concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 0.9%). Results indicated a significant enhancement in thermal properties and tribological behaviour of the developed hybrid coolant. The thermal conductivity improved by 20-25% compared to the metal working fluid (MWF) with thermal conductivity of 0.55 W/m℃. Besides, a reduction in wear and friction coefficient was observed with the escalation in the nanoparticle concentration. The machining performance of the developed hybrid coolant was evaluated using Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) in the turning of mild steel. A regression model was developed to assess the deviations in the tool flank wear and surface roughness in terms of feed, cutting speed, depth of the cut, and nanoparticle concentration using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The mathematical modeling shows that cutting speed has the most significant impact on surface roughness and tool wear, followed by feed rate. The depth of cut does not affect surface roughness or tool wear. Surface roughness achieved 24% reduction, 39% enhancement in tool length of cut, and 33.33% improvement in tool life span. From this, the surface roughness was primarily affected by spindle cutting speed, feed rate, and then cutting depth while utilising either conventional water or composite nanofluid as a coolant. The developed hybrid coolant manifestly improved the machining behaviour.
Does Teacher Training Narrow the Educational Gap between Urban and Rural Students? Empirical Evidence from CEPS Baseline Data
Authors: Sun Ran , Du Ping
Published: December 2021

Based on the baseline data of the China Education Panel Survey, this paper explored the relationship between teacher training and academic performance in urban and rural samples respectively and the impact of teacher training on the urban-rural gap of students' academic performance. The results showed that: firstly, there was a significant urban-rural gap in academic performance, and the gap in high quantiles and language subjects were even larger. Secondly, the results of unconditional quantile regression showed that teacher training could improve the performance of urban students with different academic levels and rural students with intermediate or above academic levels, but it cannot improve the performance of rural students with lower academic levels. In addition, the overall effect of teacher training in urban areas is significantly higher than that in rural areas. Thirdly, different quantiles of Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition found that the endowment effect and the coefficient effect of teacher training were the important causes of the urban-rural performance gap, but the relative sizes of the two were different according to the different grades and different quantiles of performance distribution. Therefore, to increase the training opportunities and improve the training quality of rural teachers as well as enhance the resource conversion rate of rural students are of great practical significance for narrowing the urban-rural performance gap.
The Squamous Vaginal Papillomatosis in Prepubertal Female Twins: A Case Report
Authors: Boreikaitė Evelina , Bilius Vytautas , Bumbul-Mazurek Elžbieta , Bumbulienė Žana
Published: December 2021

This is the first case describing vaginal papillomatosis with a fibroepithelial polyp of the vulva in a prepubertal girl and vaginal papillomatosis in her twin sister. Parents contacted pediatric urologist regarding their eight-year-old daughter (twin A), who had a growth next to the external urethral meatus. The girl was referred to a pediatric surgeon. The exophytic 3 cm long structure with necrosis on top was found. After obtaining informed consent from girl parents, pediatric surgeon removed the exophytic structure and perform cystoscopy and vaginoscopy for possible changes in the bladder and vagina. Cystoscopy findings were normal. On vaginoscopy, numerous macroscopic papillomatous structures were identified on the cervix and vaginal walls. Vaginal biopsies were performed on the areas affected by papillomatosis. Histopathologic examination showed a fibroepithelial polyp with a central fibrovascular core covered by squamous epithelium and vaginal squamous papillomatosis. The decision was made to perform vaginoscopy on her twin sister (twin B), too. On vaginoscopy, solitary small vaginal papillomas were also found. In this case manifestation of vaginal papillomatosis in twins might have been influenced by inheritance and the same bacterial and viral environment.
The low of the large nubers for multivariate counting processes
Authors: Kanišauskas Vaidotas
Published: December 2021

In this paper we counsider the low of large nubers for multivariate counting processes when the extended conditions of Cramers is satisfied.