bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACTITUDES LINGÜÍSTICAS EN ESTUDIANTES COLOMBIANOS Y VENEZOLANOS DE 6°, 7° Y 8° DE SECUNDARIA DEL IED DIVINO MAESTRO SOBRE LAS PREFERENCIAS Y VALORACIONES, EN MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN, DE VARIEDADES REGIONALES DEL ESPAÑOL HABLADO EN COLOMBIA Y VENEZUELA
Authors: Avellaneda Martín Silvia Stella , Diaz Romero Camilo Enrique
Published: May 2024

Avellaneda (2019), siguiendo los postulados de la dialectología perceptual de Preston (2011) aplicados en estudiantes colombianos y venezolanos del IED Divino Maestro, reconoció que existen 2 locaciones centrales del español en Colombia (Bogotá y Barranquilla) y 2 en Venezuela (Caracas y Maracaibo). Con base en lo anterior, se llevó a cabo un estudio de actitudes lingüísticas que combina los métodos directo e indirecto registrados en Garrett (2010) aplicados a la misma población, con énfasis en preferencias y valoraciones sobre variedades regionales del español en medios de comunicación. Se logró reconocer que el bogotano y el caraqueño son las variedades favoritas y mejor valoradas, en tanto que el barranquillero y maracucho fueron los menos apreciados, con excepciones de respuestas en el método indirecto. A medida que se avanzó en el grado (6º, 7º, 8º), el caraqueño aumentó su posicionamiento como variedad preferida, en tanto que, para el caso del maracucho, se obtuvo lo contrario. En el método directo, los participantes de este estudio indicaron que el bogotano se ajusta más a las cualidades de habla correcta y de prestigio. En contadas ocasiones se encontró una fuerte inclinación por la variedad propia como resultado a la adhesión afectiva y de arraigo natal (lealtad lingüística).
UMA LEITURA DA AVALIAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: De Mesquita Diana Pereira Coelho
Published: May 2024

A avaliação em Língua Portuguesa é um tema que tem gerado inúmeras discussões no âmbito da Educação Básica, por ser um dos aspectos basilares para que o ensino desta disciplina alcance os objetivos que se propõe. Diante disso, o artigo ora proposto objetiva problematizar como se configura a prática diária da avaliação em Língua Portuguesa na Educação Básica. É nosso propósito instaurar uma reflexão sobre a importância de se pensar a língua enquanto uma prática viva e não um sistema abstrato de formas normativas. Esta reflexão nos remeterá a uma problematização a respeito da necessidade de uma proposta discursiva para o trabalho com a avaliação em Língua Portuguesa que reconheça o sujeito aluno como ativo em sua produção linguística e em processo de diálogo com a língua e com o conhecimento.
O ENTRELAÇAMENTO DE PASSADO E PRESENTE EM A TARDE DA SUA AUSÊNCIA, DE CARLOS HEITOR CONY
Authors: Meneses Fatima Rejane
Published: May 2024

A memória (mnémé) e sua pretensão de verdade, a memória individual e a coletiva, bem como o entrelaçamento de passado e presente – tomando por base as concepções de Ricoeur (2007) e Halbwachs (2006) – serão aqui estudados fazendo um contraponto com o romance A tarde da sua ausência, de Cony. O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar como a fenomenologia da memória, segundo Ricoeur (2007, p. 23), “estrutura-se em torno de duas perguntas: De que há lembranças? De quem é a memória?”, sendo a primeira pergunta mais importante. Assim, o foco será dado à lembrança de um fato do passado retido na memória de Henrique e Vera que afetará suas vidas no decorrer de toda a narrativa. A ausência, que faz parte do título da obra, mostra como esta desempenha um papel primordial no desencadeamento da memória e na busca da verdade. Duas imagens são especialmente essenciais nessa narrativa: uma fotografia e a rede na varanda, responsáveis pela rememoração do passado e pelos traços de memória individual e coletiva.Palavras-chave: Memória. Passado e presente. Memória individual e coletiva. usência, de Cony.
Else e Elza: a Fräulein de Arthur Schnitzler e a Fräulein de Mário de Andrade.
Authors: Cruz Benilton Lobato
Published: May 2024

o presente artigo compara duas personagens: a Fräulein Else, da novela homônima do escritor austríaco Arthur Schnitzler, lançada em 1924, e a Fräulein Elza, do romance Amar, verbo intransitivo, do brasileiro Mário de Andrade, publicado em 1927. O objetivo é buscar indícios de prováveis semelhanças e influências da Else de Schnitzler sobre a Elza de Andrade. A conclusão aponta que o projeto estético-gramatical de Mário de Andrade vai priorizar uma literatura questionadora de seus fundamentos como base na defesa de um código literário que tem a fala brasileira acima de qualquer influência estrangeira. E por conta disso, a obra, ambientada na São Paulo modernista, coloca como “personagem principal” a língua brasileira e não a imigrante alemã ou o menino Carlos de Sousa Costa, os protagonistas do idílio.
Single server queueing model with Poisson arrival and gamma service time distribution
Authors: Kushvaha Bhaskar , Das Dhruba , Tamuli Asmita
Published: May 2024

Queueing theory is pivotal in understanding waiting lines and their pervasive role in everyday life. Its profound application spans across diverse sectors, including computer programming networks, healthcare, transportation, and so on. Researchers have applied many statistical distributions in analyzing queueing data. This article focuses on the analysis of a single server queueing system with Poisson input and service times distributed according to a two-parameter gamma distribution. The study elaborates on the construction and estimation of key queueing properties such as steady state equations, average number of customers in the system, average queue length, expected size of the non-empty queue, distribution of waiting time, average waiting time in the system, and average waiting time in the queue of the M/Gamma/1 queueing model using the two-parameter gamma distribution.
Keywords: Gamma distribution; Poisson; service; single server; queuing model.
Sustainable innovation policy in non-walled technoparks
Authors: Sarikaya Ozkeser Banu
Published: May 2024

Meanwhile, the government in different countries encourages these sustainable activities to make their domestic brands open worldwide Because sustainability and learning growth have comparable meanings, all paths leading in this direction cross with a single phenomenon known as innovation. The more investment in innovation, the more value the company can gain. In Turkey, the government has increased the financial support of sustainable innovation management for more than 20 years. Especially, in the last five years the budget of the ministry has widened to keep growing in growth. The grant incentives given for Research &Development (R&D) centers and Design centers, also called non-walled technoparks, are two main examples of this encouragement. This study is framed on a big-scale company’s growth with the help of the R&D or Design Center. The financial and performance-based milestones in the R&D center road map lead the company to follow and invest in technology. This also means taking advantage of the international competition in 360 degrees. Not only is financial performance increased by gaining incentives, but also the qualification of human resources is going up and up. The results show how sustainable innovation policy influences business activities.
 
Keywords: Brand; Design center; R&D center;  sustainable ınnovation.
QUESTION PRODUCTION IN ITALIAN-SPEAKING PWAGR
Authors: Klobučar Nevena
Published: May 2024

This paper presents the results of an elicitation task run with Italian-speaking people with agrammatic aphasia (PWAgr). Linguistic theories of aphasia have analysed the production of PWAgr as stemming either from a deterioration of grammatical knowledge or a limitation of extra-linguistic capacities which affect language. Among the former, the Tree Pruning Hypothesis (Friedmann and Grodzinsky, 1997) relates the height of the projections involved in the production of a structure with the chances of it being produced: the stronger the impairment in the speaker, the less likely they are to produce a structure involving higher nodes. Alternatively, syntactic knowledge may be preserved but its use is compromised by Working Memory (WM) limitations (e.g., Miyake et al., 1994; Jakubowicz, 2005). The two approaches make different predictions with respect to question production in Italian: according to the TPH, the production rates of yes/no-questions and who-questions should be comparable in moderate and mild aphasia. Why-questions involve a higher node and should thus not be available. Under a WM-limitation approach, the production rates of why-questions and yes/no-questions should be comparable and higher than those of who-questions. To determine which, if any, of the two approaches makes the correct predictions, three adult Italian speakers diagnosed with Broca’s aphasia and one with anomia performed an elicitation task targeting these three types of structures. Overall, yes/no-questions were the most frequent structures to be produced. The lack of who-questions, as opposed to the production of yes/no-questions, can be accounted for only if derivational complexity is taken into account, but the scarcity of why-questions suggests that the height of the nodes involved may play a role as well.
Un edicto en zapoteco para anunciar el juicio de residencia del alcalde mayor de Tehuantepec (1684)
Authors: Salgado Pérez Marco Antonio
Published: May 2024

En este trabajo se presenta la transcripción y traducción de un edicto en zapoteco del Istmo de Tehuantepec elaborado en 1684, actualmente localizado en el Archivo General de Indias. Este documento llama la atención al ser un caso de un texto que originalmente se escribió en castellano y posteriormente se tradujo al zapoteco, ya que la mayoría de los textos se escribieron originalmente en zapoteco y fueron traducidos después al castellano. Además, este edicto viene acompañado de otras dos traducciones del original en castellano, las cuales presentan ciertas diferencias entre sí. Es por ello que se les ha considerado como textos independientes por lo que se presenta una modificación a la lista de documentos coloniales zapotecos del Istmo de Tehuantepec. Además, el proceso de generar y responder estos edictos muestra la complejidad lingüística de la región.
Ixawal, la que te hacía trabajar sin remuneración
Authors: Vázquez López Hugo Héctor , Vázquez Vázquez Caralampio
Published: May 2024

El presente texto se refiere al mal trato que tenía la ixawal ‘mujer mestiza y dueña de las fincas’ con sus trabajadores. Los tojol-ab’ales se revelaron contra las injusticias de ella en varias localidades. Esta historia se concentra en los hechos que ocurrieron en Bajucú, comunidad ubicada en la denominada Cañada Tojolab’al, donde se llevó a cabo la rebelión. El autor de la narración, don Lampo Vázquez, es reconocido en la localidad como un gran narrador.
Anorectal Malignant Melanoma Post- Hemorrhoidectomy
Authors: Kozan Ramazan , Akpinar Ozkan , Toker Meral
Published: May 2024

Anorectal malignant melanoma, a rare and aggressive tumor, lacks specific symptoms and frequently presents diagnostic challenges due to its similarity to benign anorectal conditions. This case report describes the diagnostic and treatment process of incidentally discovered anorectal malignant melanoma post-hemorrhoidectomy, guided by the existing literature.
Senhoras mestras da Jurema
Authors: Assunção Luiz
Published: May 2024

A mestra e o mestre são entidades espirituais centrais na Jurema nordestina. A prática religiosa da Jurema compõe um complexo de concepções e representações em torno da planta que recebe esse nome e se fundamenta no culto à incorporação das entidades mestres e caboclos. Seu objetivo é curar os doentes e resolver os problemas práticos da vida cotidiana, como os infortúnios amorosos e profissionais. Esse complexo caracteriza-se, ainda, pela ingestão de uma bebida preparada com a casca da árvore, cuja finalidade é propiciar visões e sonhos, e pelo uso intensivo do fumo, utilizado na defumação feita com a fumaça dos cachimbos (Assunção, 2006).
Mechanisms of action and resistance to anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates in breast cancer
Authors: Saleh Khalil , Khoury Rita , Khalife Nadine , Chahine Claude , Ibrahim Rebecca , Tikriti Zamzam , Le Cesne Axel
Published: May 2024

Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) represents nearly 20% of all breast tumors. Historically, these patients had a high rate of relapse and dismal prognosis. The advent of HER2-targeting monoclonal antibodies such as trastuzumab followed by pertuzumab had improved the prognosis of HER2-positive metastatic BC. More recently, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are now reshaping the treatment paradigm of solid tumors, especially breast cancer. Tratsuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) was one of the first ADC developed in oncology and was approved for the management of HER2-positive metastatic BC. In a head-to-head comparison, trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) defeated T-DM1 as a second-line treatment. The efficacy of ADCs is counterbalanced by the appearance of acquired resistance to these agents. In this paper, we summarize the mechanisms of action and resistance of T-DM1 and T-DXd, as well as their clinical efficacy. Additionally, we also discuss potential strategies for addressing resistance to ADC.
Evaluation of asymmetric poly(vinylidene fluoride)-coated polyimide separator with three-dimensionally homogeneous microporous structure for high-safety lithium-ion battery
Authors: Chang Hui , Kang Guohong , Zhang Zengqi , Liu Wei , Jin Yongcheng
Published: May 2024

Safety hazards associated with separators in lithium-ion batteries are more pronounced in light of the significant improvement of energy density of batteries, hindering their wide application. In this research, asymmetric poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-coated polyimide separators with three-dimensionally homogeneous microporous (3DHM API/PVDF) structure are prepared, in which a PVDF layer with a thickness of 6 μm on one side of polyimide. Polyimide, as the base film, has a high heat-resistant temperature which ensures that as-prepared separators will not be shrunk and burned. The coated PVDF layer imparts 3DHM API/PVDF with thermal shutdown function at 175 °C due to the melting of PVDF. The temperature difference between the shutdown and meltdown temperature is over 100 °C, ensuring that the LIB assembled with 3DHM API/PVDF is safe for use. Moreover, the interconnected microporous structure of the separator facilitates the formation of 3D Li+ transport pathways and uniformity of lithium deposition, suppressing lithium dendrite growth. The coin cells assembled by 3DHM API/PVDF exhibit similar electrochemical performance to that of a commercial polypropylene separator at room temperature. Therefore, the novel 3DHM API/PVDF separator may be a promising candidate for a significantly safer LIB.
Entanglement Swapping Schemes on Intraparticle Entangled States
Authors: Tang Jiang Mei
Published: May 2024

Entanglement is one of the most striking features in quantum systems. Today, quantum entanglement plays a vital role in quantum technology, the non-classical correlation of quantum entanglement is an important resource for quantum communication and quantum computing. Entanglement can be divided into two categories: between multi-particle systems and between various degrees of freedom in a single-particle system (intraparticle entangled states). This work first analogized the distinctions and connections between two kinds of entangled states. Then it designed three types of entanglement-swapping methods based on Bell state joint measurement, cross-Kerr medium, and linear optical elements for intraparticle entangled states by analogizing the entanglement swapping between multiple particles. Intraparticle entanglement swapping can be applied in super quantum dense encoding, quantum information transmission, and quantum teleportation. This work is beneficial for promoting the development of quantum information technologies.
Tryptophan Metabolism in Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)
Authors: Souza Sandra Lopes , Silva Cristiano Mendes , Gomes Dayane Aparecida , Barros Waleska Almeida , Castro Raul Manhães , Alves Swane Miranda
Published: May 2024

Tryptophan, an essential amino acid in mammals obtained from the diet, is influenced by maternal diet, which impacts early life and development of offspring. This is studied under the Developmental Origins of Diseases and Health (DOHaD) concept, so factors from conception to early childhood affect health and disease susceptibility. Tryptophan is metabolized mainly through two pathways: serotonin (5-HT) and kynurenine. The kynurenine pathway, active in the brain, gut, liver, and placenta, breaks down over 95% of tryptophan and plays roles in inflammation, neurotransmission, immune responses, and immune modulation during pregnancy. The serotonin pathway uses up to 5% of Tryptophan, mainly in the gut, adipose tissues, pancreatic cells, and central nervous system, and regulates responses to environmental changes, including sleep, cognition, and feeding behavior. Key enzymes in these pathways include Trp-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) type1 (IDO1), and type 2 (IDO2) (kynurenine pathway), and tryptophan hydroxylase type 1 (TPH1) and type 2 (TPH2), serotonin pathway. The fetus-placental unit manages tryptophan metabolism. Serotonin and kynurenine are crucial for placental health and fetal development. Serotonin adjusts placental blood volume and aids neurodevelopment. Kynurenine metabolites protect the fetus from maternal immunity and offer initial neuroprotection. At birth, infants switch from placental nutrients to breast milk, rich in tryptophan and protective bioactive molecules. Tryptophan, solely from breast milk, is crucial for infants. Its levels are high in newborns (first three weeks, 2-4 times higher than in adults), gradually declining to adult levels by the fourth week. The highlights the importance of tryptophan for the serotonin and kynurenine pathways in fetuses, newborns and babies applied to the DOHaD concept.
Use of Cohesive Approaches for Modelling Critical States in Fibre Reinforced Structural Materials
Authors: Kozák Vladislav , Vala Jiří
Published: May 2024

This paper is showing the results of a study focused on the occurrence of failures in heterogeneous structural materials, especially on the issue of modelling the formation and propagation of cracks. Attention is paid to the application of the finite element method to various types of materials in order to find critical parameters determining the behaviour of materials during the damage process. Application of damage mechanisms and approaches to modelling the origin of crack propagation by modifications in FEM systems are presented. Furthermore, some practical applications are tested. The main effort is devoted to composites and searching for procedures when using cohesion models for their more accurate modelling, especially near the stress concentrators, or before the crack tip. The use of the cohesive approach of elements that represent the physical nature of energy release in front of the crack front has proven to be promising not only in the direct use of cohesive elements, but also in combination with modified methods of standard finite elements. The authors of this article use their long-term experience in the given issue, which they consistently confront with developments in this area in recent years.
A Comparative Literature Review of Multi-Beam and Adaptive Array Antennas
Authors: Beltran Joshua Kyle D. , Buenaventura Joanna Rose V. , Gilongos Azalea G. , Arboleda Edwin R.
Published: May 2024

The application of adaptive antennas in wireless communication systems is examined in this review of the literature, with particular attention to how well they can transmit and receive signals by dynamically adjusting radiation patterns. The review covers a range of artificial intelligence (AI) approaches that have been used to enhance adaptive antenna performance in beamforming, channel estimation, interference mitigation, and spectrum utilization. Although adaptive antennas have the potential to improve wireless communication systems, the paper also discusses their limitations, including computational complexity, interference sensitivity, and the significance of precise channel state information (CSI) estimates.
Impact of the Use of Treated Wastewater with Constructed Wetlands in the Irrigation of Phaseolus vulgaris: Safety Evaluation and Detection of Microplastics using FT-IR
Authors: Tirado Aguilar Flor Idalia , Gonzalez Moreno Humberto Raymundo , Sandoval Herazo Luis Carlos , Peña Montes Carolina , Borroto Pentòn Yodaira , López Méndez Maria Cristina
Published: May 2024

The impact of the presence of Microplastics (Mp's) has become popular due to its presence in all environments, however, its transportation, accommodation and destination is still unknown. This study developed a laboratory-scale experiment, using eco-technologies for the treatment of domestic wastewater and reused for agriculture. A Constructed Wetland System of horizontal subsurface flow conditioned with substrate gravel and with two types of ornamental plants Hippeastrum Hybridum Hort and Heliconia Bihai Marginata, obtained an average 90% efficiency in the removal of pollutants COD, TDS, NH4, NT, PO4 , NO2 and PT; directing water through a drip irrigation system for irrigation of the Phaseolus vulgaris crop, selected for its nutritional importance (36% of daily protein intake), grown in two Growth Beds; The crop irrigated with treated water presented a greater relationship between growth and number of pods; finally identify the presence of Mp's through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis in the different types of water (domestic waste, treated waste and well) and determine the quality of the fruit for consumption with safety tests. Escherichia coli and Salmonella.
Evaluating the Influence of the Forestry Reclamation Approach on Throughfall Quantity in Eastern Kentucky
Authors: Gerlitz Morgan , Agouridis Carmen , Williamson Tanja , Barton Christopher
Published: May 2024

Reclamation Highlights:

Rapid growth and canopy closure by conifers resulted in higher canopy interception rates than those observed in deciduous trees, both on reforested mine sites and in natural forests. Results from this study show the importance of species survival rates on interception and that low survival rates could negatively impact, or at least delay, the hydrologic recovery of a reclaimed area and potentially threaten landscape stability. Use of the forestry reclamation approach can help restore hydrologic function on reclaimed surface mines.
Tuberculous Flexor Tenosynovitis with Median Nerve Compression
Authors: Khandekar Pushkar , Patil Sandeep , Korday Sujit , Gopikrishna Madhusudan , Kulkarni Shradha , Jain Kevin
Published: May 2024

Case:

A 65-year-old female patient presented with complaints of diffuse pain and swelling in her right wrist with paresthesia in her right hand with thenar wasting. Her magnetic resonance imaging scan was suggestive of flexor tenosynovitis of the wrist with compression of the median nerve with multiple rice bodies. She underwent excisional biopsy along with median nerve decompression. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected by polymerase chain reaction (GeneXpert), and histopathology identified caseous granulomas. The patient was started on antitubercular chemotherapy postoperatively.

Conclusion:

In endemic countries such as India, tuberculous flexor tenosynovitis must always be a differential diagnosis in cases of wrist swelling with rice bodies.
CapTrap-Seq cDNA library preparation for full-length RNA sequencing
Authors: Carbonell-Sala Sílvia , Guigó Roderic
Published: May 2024

Long-read RNA sequencing is crucial for generating precise and comprehensive annotations of eukaryotic genomes. Despite advancements in throughput and accuracy, achieving reliable end-to-end identification of RNA transcripts remains a challenge for long-read sequencing methods. To address this limitation, we developed CapTrap-seq, a cDNA library preparation method that combines the Cap-trapping strategy with oligo(dT) priming to detect 5' capped, full-length transcripts.
CapTrap-seq is a competitive open-source, platform-agnostic RNA library preparation method for producing full-length transcript sequences.
Single-cell profiling of small molecule-genomic interactions and epigenetic states
Authors: Dong Chao , Meng Xiaoxuan , Zhang Tong , Guo Zhifang , Liu Yaxi , Wu Peihuang , Chen Shiwei , Zhou Fanqi , Ma Yanni , Shu Shaokun , He Aibin
Published: May 2024

We present scEpiChem, a unique method to jointly measure the genomic interactions of small molecules and epigenetic states, such as histone modifications and chromatin accessibility, within single cells. scEpiChem utilizes split-pool barcoding strategy and protein A-Tn5 (PAT)-anti-biotin antibody to capture biotinylated small molecule binding sites within individual cells. Through sequential targeted tagmentation by different PAT-antibody complexes or Tn5, scEpiChem allows for the simultaneous detection of small molecule drug-target engagement and multimodal epigenome. The efficacy of the protocol is demonstrated through the profiling of biotinylated inhibitors JQ1, THZ1, and Dox. This approach provides valuable insights into cell state-specific drug targeting and gene regulation, facilitating the development of precise therapeutic interventions and the exploitation of drug resistance mechanisms.
In vitro compatibility of herbicides with bionematicides and action on Meloidogyne javanica
Authors: Ribeiro Paula Fernanda de Azevedo , Machado Andressa Cristina Zamboni , Matsumoto Leopoldo Sussumu , Lameu Nathalia Dutra , Canteri Marcelo Giovanetti
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to assess the compatibility of herbicides with Bacillus firmus, Purpureocillium lilacinum, Pochonia chlamydosporia, and Trichoderma harzianum, as well as their impact on Meloidogyne javanica. The experiments were conducted under a completely randomized design with nine treatments and five replicates. The treatments included control, diclosulam, sulfentrazone, flumioxazine, imazethapyr, S-metolachlor, pyroxasulfone, imazethapyr + flumioxazine, and glyphosate. For B. firmus, colony forming units per milliliter (CFU mL− 1) were counted; for fungi, the mycelial growth speed index (IVCM – mm day− 1) and percentage of inhibition were measured; and for nematodes, the mortality rate was determined. Results showed that imazethapyr, S-metolachlor, and glyphosate were incompatible with B. firmus. Regarding P. lilacinum, P. chlamydosporia, and T. harzianum, these herbicides, along with sulfentrazone, exhibited the highest inhibition percentages. The most significant mortality rates of M. javanica were observed with imazethapyr, flumioxazine, and S-metolachlor. In conclusion, S-metolachlor, imazetapyr, glyphosate, and sulfentrazone were identified as the least compatible with the tested biological nematicides.
Supplementation effects of bamboo leaves on intake, growth performance, and carcass yield of lambs fed grasses as basal diets indoors versus under field conditions in Sidama Highland, Ethiopia
Authors: Debeko Denbeshu , Tolera Adugna , Angassa Ayana
Published: May 2024

We evaluate the effects of bamboo leaf supplementation on feed intake, body weight gain, and carcass yield of Arsi-Bale lambs. Eight treatments were used with different levels of inclusions at 150 g (T2), 300 g (T3), and 450 g (T4) in both groups (i.e., indoor-fed vs. grazed in the field). T1 and T5 were control treatments for indoor-fed and those grazed in the field, respectively. A 2 x 4 factorial experiment was used with T1-T4 for indoor feeding and T5 -T8 for those grazed in the field. Carcass evaluation was carried out for all lambs. Feed analysis and evaluation of the nutritional quality of feed samples were examined. The results showed a significant (P < 0.000) increase in the nutrient and dry matter (DM) intake and growth performance of lambs with increased levels of bamboo leaves supplementation. There was a significant (P < 0.000) increase in the average daily gain of indoor-fed lambs from 33.33 to 62.67 g/day. The feed conversion efficiency of indoor-fed lambs was within the range of 0.057 to 0.084. The results confirmed that fresh bamboo leaf supplementation had a positive effect on the growth performance and carcass yields of lambs with improved DM intake. We suggest that the inclusion of fresh bamboo leaves is crucial to improve the performance of lambs. Increased inclusion of bamboo leaf supplementation in the lambs’ diet resulted in improved body weight gain and would be a viable option to boost sheep production.
Integrated Approaches for Rapid Screening of Salt-tolerant Chrysanthemum Genotypes
Authors: Jadhav Pritam R. , Jagtap Apurva Y. , Shinde Nalini A. , Sarode Dipak K. , Pagariya Madhuri C. , Prasad KV , Kawar Prashant Govindrao
Published: May 2024

Ten Chrysanthemum morifolium genotypes were assessed for their responses to different salt concentrations at biochemical, molecular and anatomical dimensions. Biochemical analysis revealed variations in enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels, shedding light on salt stress response mechanisms of chrysanthemum. Notably, different degrees of tolerance were observed among the genotypes, with Bidhan Lalima and Bidhan Sabita showing high salt tolerance, while Bidhan Jayanti and Silk Brocate as highly salt susceptible. Molecular analysis indicated higher expression of stress-responsive gene and transcription factors in stress-susceptible genotypes, suggesting predictable variations in stress response mechanisms. Specifically, CmSOD, CmWRKY10, CmNCED3A, CmHSFA4, and CmHSP70 genes played distinct roles in salt mitigation mechanisms in chrysanthemum genotypes. Root anatomical studies revealed genotype-specific root anatomy, indicating distinct root structures in tolerant and susceptible genotypes to cope with salt stress. This study underscores the combined utility of biochemical, molecular, and anatomical approaches for rapid screening of salt-tolerant chrysanthemum genotypes. The score plot distinguished the genotypes under study as highly tolerant, moderately tolerant and susceptible genotypes based on their response to salt stress. Correlation analysis depicted a strong correlation of MDA with chitinase and POD activity in chrysanthemum genotypes under salt stress. These findings provide valuable insights for future breeding programs aimed at developing salt-tolerant chrysanthemum genotypes for sustainable floriculture practices.
Flow Tweezing of Anisotropic Magnetic Microrobots in a Dynamic Magnetic Trap for Active Retention and Localized Flow Sensing
Authors: Liu Yuan , Cao Quanliang , Xu Haifeng , Lin Gungun
Published: May 2024

Controlled manipulation of microscale robotic devices in complex fluidic networks is critical for various applications in biomedical endovascular sensing, lab-on-chip biochemical assays, and environmental monitoring. However, achieving controlled transport and active retention of microscale robots with flow sensing capability have proven challenging. Here, we report the dynamic tweezing of an anisotropic magnetic microrobot in a rotating magnetic trap for active retention and localized flow sensing under confined fluidic conditions. We reveal a series of unconventional motion modes and dynamics of the microrobot transporting in a confined fluidic flow, which manifest themselves as transitions from on-trap centre rolling to large-area revolution and off-trap centre rolling with varying rotating frequencies. By retaining the robot within the magnetic trap and its motion modulated by the field frequency, the off-centre rolling of the microrobot endows a crucial localized flow sensing capabilities, including flow rate and flow direction determination. The magnetic microrobot serves as a mobile platform for measuring the flow profile along a curved channel, mimicking a blood vessel. Our findings unlock a new strategy to determine local magnetic tweezing force profile and flow conditions in arbitrary flow channels, revealing strong potential for microfluidics, chemical reactors, and in-vivo endovascular flow measurement.
Co and N2 Are No Humane Alternatives to Co2 Euthanasia in Rats.
Authors: Seebeck Petra , Calvet Charlotte , Villiger Philipp , Prisco Francesco , Buchholz Tim , Gantenbein Felix , Thöne-Reineke Christa , Gourévitch Boris , Wagner Carsten
Published: May 2024

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is commonly used for euthanasia of laboratory animals but has potential negative side effects. There is an urgent need to identify alternatives causing minimal distress while providing a fast and reliable loss of consciousness (LOC). We evaluated different CO2 concentrations (30% and 70%) and explored carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen (N2) as alternatives for a more humane euthanasia in rats. Isoflurane anesthesia was included as a reference. We assessed relevant physiological parameters in rats using a multifaceted approach combining EEG, ECG, telemetry, EMG, respiration, behavior, biochemical stress parameters, and lung histopathology. 70% CO2 resulted in rapid LOC and a faster death compared to 30% CO2 thus minimizing the time of consciousness in which distress and eventually pain can be experienced. Nevertheless, a higher amount of distress (e.g. gasping, arrhythmia or seizures) experienced until LOC might outweigh the benefits of a faster LOC. CO and N2 resulted in longer times to LOC, induced seizures before LOC, increased stress levels and caused higher lung damage. Therefore, CO and N2 are no humane alternatives to CO2 and should not be used for euthanasia of rodents. However, combining CO2 with anesthetic gases might be suitable to induce a more humane euthanasia.
USP4 promotes proliferation and metastasis in human lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: WEI YAMIN , WEI SHANWANG , LEI ZHONGTENG , WU JINXIAO , HUANG JINLI , FU LIJUAN , HUANG GUIYING , LI ZHIMENG , LIANG YUANNA , ZHENG JINHUA , ZHANG YAN
Published: May 2024

Objective
Research the expression of USP4 in lung adenocarcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis analysis, to explore the invasion and metastasis mechanism of USP4 in lung adenocarcinoma, and to clarify the mechanism of USP4's involvement in the occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma.
Methods
The expressions of USP4, VEGF, MMP2 and Ki67 in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent tissues of 139 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were detected by immunohistochemical method, and the correlation between expression and clinicopathological features and survival curve were analyzed by statistical method. The expression of USP4 was interfered by LIP-2000 cell transfection technology, and the expression of USP4 and its related factors in protein level was detected by Western Blot, and their correlation was analyzed. After silencing USP4 expression, the effects of USP4 on proliferation, invasion and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells were detected by cell scratches assay, MTT assay, Transwell assay and tumorigenesis assay in nude mice.
Results
The expression of USP4 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was higher than that in normal adjacent tissues, and the high expression of USP4 was significantly correlated with the differentiation degree of lung adenocarcinoma, clinical stage and pathological grade lymph node metastasis. After silencing USP4 expression, the expression of cyclin apoptosis protein invasion related proteins and phosphorylation factors were affected, and then cell migration after silencing USP4 expression The proliferation ability decreased, the number of invasion and metastasis decreased, and the tumor volume decreased in nude mice.
Conclusions
USP4 may play a certain role in the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma by regulating the expression of tumor-related factors and affecting the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. USP4 can be used as a potential therapeutic target for clinical diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma and provide a new opportunity for clinical research on lung adenocarcinoma.
Uncovering Potential Genetic Targets in the Mediating Role of Demyelinating Disease for Multiple Sclerosis-Induced Neuropathic Bladder: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Xu Yuangao , Wu Yikun , Xiong Jieyu , Wu Xiaoyu , Shi Hua , Xu Shuxiong
Published: May 2024

Objective Despite the lack of a genetic explanation for the causal link between multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuropathic bladder (NPB), our study aims to explore this causality and underlying mechanisms using Mendelian Randomization (MR), aiming to identify novel protein targets for future therapeutic interventions.Methods Data pertaining to MS, demyelinating diseases (DD), neurogenic bladder, and plasma proteins were sourced from the IEU Open GWAS Project and encompassed a diverse population. After stringent screening, a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis was first conducted to establish the causality between MS and NPB. DD was then introduced as a mediator for further testing via the product of coefficients approach. Subsequently, plasma proteins were analyzed as exposures against the aforementioned phenotypes to screen for potential therapeutic targets.Results Our analysis substantiates that MS is associated with an increased risk of developing NPB (P-value = 0.001), with no evidence of reverse causality, reinforcing the unidirectional impact of MS on NPB. The mediation analysis revealed a clear causal pathway, supporting the hypothesis that DD serves as a crucial intermediary in the progression from MS to NPB (P-value = 0.005, mediation proportion = 70.29%). Notable proteins such as ADAM11, GRIA4, CXCL13, and PRKCG were identified, and by relaxing the FDR constraints, GSR and UBA2 were also pinpointed as potential risk factors for both MS and NPB.Conclusions Our MR analysis elucidated the causal connections among MS, DD, and NPB from a genetic perspective, identifying potential protein targets that facilitate future drug development and therapeutic strategies.
Phase sensitive information from a planar Josephson junction
Authors: Yuan Andrew , Kivelson Steven
Published: May 2024

We analyze both the general symmetry-related and more microscopic considerations that govern the Josephson tunnelling across a finite planar junction between a known $s$-wave superconductor and a candidate unconventional superconductor (e.g., $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave). Due to the finite size of the probe, the Josephson current possesses an edge contribution, which is shown to be the dominant contribution under certain conditions. Thus, the dependence of the edge contribution on the geometry of the junction can serve as a direct probe of the symmetry of the order parameter in the unconventional superconductor.
Agricultural carbon emissions in Henan counties: Influence mechanism, regional differences and spatial effects
Authors: Cui Weiwei , Yin Minghao , Xie Yifan , Lu Yiheng , Huang Longjunjiang
Published: May 2024

Exploring the effective and efficient path of agricultural carbon emission reduction in Henan Province is of great significance to optimizing the strategic layout of China's agricultural emission reduction and carbon sequestration. Accordingly, we first scientifically measure the agricultural carbon emissions of each county and then utilize the standard deviation ellipse and spatial measurement model to scientifically analyze and clarify the spatial and temporal evolution trend and spatial effect mechanism of agricultural carbon emissions in Henan Province based on the county data of Henan Province from 2010 to 2020. The results show that: (1) In 2020, the total agricultural carbon emissions in Henan Province will be 134.7274 million tons, with the distribution of high in the southeast and low in the northwest, which has gradually become balanced, and the center of gravity is mainly concentrated in Xuchang county. (2) The spatial dependence of agricultural carbon emissions in Henan Province shows a four-stage trend of "fluctuating down ~ continuing up ~ plummeting ~ fluctuating up again", and the spatial heterogeneity is dominated by the "low-low" agglomeration, and the "high-low" agglomeration is dominated by the "low-low" agglomeration. The spatial heterogeneity is dominated by "low-low" agglomeration, followed by "high-low" agglomeration. (3) There is an "inverted U" curve relationship between the level of agricultural economic development and agricultural carbon emissions, the latter increases and then decreases as the former increases. The increase in the level of agricultural mechanization and urbanization rate will significantly reduce agricultural carbon emissions. The opposite is true for the financial support for agriculture, the income level of rural residents, and the structure of the agricultural industry. (4) In terms of spatial spillover effects, the increase in the level of agricultural development in neighboring counties will first increase and then decrease agricultural carbon emissions in this county. The mechanization level and urbanization rate of neighboring counties will reduce agricultural carbon emissions in this county, and vice versa for the income level of rural residents and the scale utilization of agricultural land.
Microfluidic Ecology Unravels the Genetic and
Ecological Drivers of T4r Bacteriophage Resistance
in E. coli: Insights into Biofilm-Mediated Evolution
Authors: Austin Robert , Nagy Krisztina , Valappil Sarshad , Phan Trung , Li Shengkai , Dér László , Morris Ryan , Bos Julia , Winslow Sophia , Galajda Peter , Rákhely Gábor
Published: May 2024

We use a microfluidic ecology which generates non-uniform phage concentration gradients and micro-ecological niches to reveal the importance of time, spatial population structure and collective population dynamics in the {\em de novo} evolution of T4r bacteriophage resistant motile {\em E. coli}. An insensitive bacterial population against T4r phage occurs within 20 hours in small interconnected population niches created by a gradient of phage virions, driven by evolution in transient biofilm patches. Sequencing of the resistant bacteria reveals mutations at the receptor site of bacteriophage T4r as expected but also in genes associated with biofilm formation and surface adhesion, supporting the hypothesis that evolution within transient biofilms drives {\em de novo} phage resistance.
A Mouse Model of Damp-Heat Syndrome with Pancreatic Cancer in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Characteristics of Gut Microbiome
Authors: Tong Yangbo , Han Fang , Liu Mengyao , Xu Tianyu , Zhang Aiqin , Qin Jiangjiang , Zhang Yuhua , Qian Xiang
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) ranks seventh among cancer-related fatalities globally due to its dismal prognosis. The damp-heat syndrome is considered one of the most crucial syndromes associated with pancreatic cancer in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). And there is growing evidence of research indicating that the gut microbiome co-evolves and changes during the course and development of PC. Nevertheless, there exist a noteworthy deficiency in comprehension in the modeling method and the characteristics of gut microbiome on model mice with damp-heat syndrome.
Methods: This study induced damp-heat syndrome with two methodologies and evaluated by survival rate, the appearance, activity status, abdominal fat, intestinal histology of the mice. Subsequently, PC cells were injected into mice with damp-heat syndrome to explore the effects of damp-heat syndrome on tumor growth. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Additionally, intestinal bacteria were analyzed to further confirm the holistic impact of damp-heat syndrome on model mice using QIIME2. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The modeling method combined with climate chamber and a diet high in sugar and fat was better with advantages of mice-friendly features, good stability and simple operation. This study verified that the promotion role of damp-heat syndrome on pancreatic cancer. Additionally, different intestinal flora markers were identified in the four subgroups: o_Lactobacillus in the control group, g_Treponema in the model group, g_Allobaculum in the CDHS group, and g_Coprobacillusin the CC group. Gammaproteobacteria at the order level and Enterobacteralesat the class level were significantly elevated in mice with damp-heat syndrome.
Discussion: This study established a damp-heat syndrome mouse model with pancreatic cancer successfully. Cancer-associated fibroblasts proliferation and alterations in intestinal flora contributed to the tumor-supportive effect of damp-heat syndrome on PC.
Numerical simulation of the agglomeration behaviour of spheroidal particles in homogeneous and isotropic turbulence
Authors: Anderson Jacob P. , Mortimer Lee F. , Hunter Timothy N. , Peakall Jeffrey , Fairweather Michael
Published: May 2024

Interactions between attractive spheroidal particle pairs are studied in boxes of homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. The fully resolved turbulence field and structure-resolved particle-fluid coupling regime are obtained through direct numerical simulation and an immersed boundary method. Agglomeration outcomes are accommodated through attractive van der Waals forces, suitably adapted to consider the orientational dependencies associated with the non-spherical shape. Binary particle interactions are first studied in quiescent conditions, as well as in a periodic box of homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. The latter is forced using a stochastic method, where the turbulence properties are chosen to approximate those observed in the viscous sublayer of a 180 shear Reynolds number channel flow. Differences in particle interaction behaviours are presented for the cases of disks and needles, with the role of orientation and kinetic energy in determining interaction outcomes analysed and contrasted with spheres. Results indicate that needles have the highest agglomeration propensity in turbulence, followed by spheres, and then disks. Lastly, the inclusion of attractive orientationally-dependent interaction forces promotes alignment between the symmetry axes of spheroidal particle pairs, whilst turbulence also promotes an alignment between the interacting particles when compared to the quiescent case.
Fluctuation characteristics and topological interface states in the quasi-periodic structures of shallow-water waves
Authors: Guan Xue , Xiao Boya , Liu Yu , Chen Meng
Published: May 2024

Compared with periodic structures, quasi-periodic structures have superior band gap properties and topological interface states. In this paper, a one-dimensional quasi-periodic Fibonacci water wave metamaterial model that can be used to apply quasi-periodic structures to shallow-water wave systems is presented. The fluctuation characteristics of periodic and quasi-periodic structures are examined using finite element numerical calculations based on the shallow-water wave equation. The research results show that the band characteristics of quasi-periodic structures are complex, enabling flexible control of the propagation of shallow-water waves. Furthermore, the mirror-symmetrical design of Fibonacci quasi-periodic water wave metamaterials was created to engineer the topological interface states in shallow-water wave systems, ultimately achieving successful localization of wave energy. This research will greatly enrich our understanding of topology, expand the potential applications of quasi-periodic structures, and provide new insights for manipulating water waves and harvesting energy.