bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AsymUNet: An Efficient Multi-Layer Perceptron Model Based on Asymmetric U-Net for Medical Image Noise Removal
Authors: Cui Yan , Hong Xiangming , Yang Haidong , Ge Zhili , Jiang Jielin
Published: August 2024

With the continuous advancement of deep learning technology, U-Net–based algorithms for image denoising play a crucial role in medical image processing. However, most U-Net-based medical image denoising algorithms typically have large parameter sizes, which poses significant limitations in practical applications where computational resources are limited or large-scale patient data processing are required. In this paper, we propose a medical image denoising algorithm called AsymUNet, developed using an asymmetric U-Net framework and a spatially rearranged multilayer perceptron (MLP). AsymUNet utilizes an asymmetric U-Net to reduce the computational burden, while a multiscale feature fusion module enhances the feature interaction between the encoder and decoder. To better preserve the image details, spatially rearranged MLP blocks serve as the core building blocks of AsymUNet. These blocks effectively extract both the local and global features of the image, reducing the model’s reliance on prior knowledge of the image and further accelerating the training and inference processes. Experimental results demonstrate that AsymUNet achieves superior performance metrics and visual results compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
Transforming Abandoned Hydrocarbon Fields into Heat Storage Solutions: A Hungarian Case Study Using Enhanced Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis–Analytic Hierarchy Process and Geostatistical Methods
Authors: Abdulhaq Hawkar Ali , Geiger János , Vass István , Tóth Tivadar M. , Medgyes Tamás , Szanyi János
Published: August 2024

This study introduces a robust methodology utilizing Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) combined with an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to repurpose abandoned hydrocarbon fields for energy storage, supporting the transition to renewable energy sources. We use a geostatistical approach integrated with Python scripting to analyze reservoir parameters—including porosity, permeability, thickness, lithology, temperature, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity—from a decommissioned hydrocarbon field in Southeast Hungary. Our workflow leverages stochastic simulation data to identify potential zones for energy storage, categorizing them into high-, moderate-, and low-suitability scenarios. This innovative approach provides rapid and precise analysis, enabling effective decision-making for energy storage implementation in depleted fields. The key finding is the development of a methodology that can quickly and accurately assess the feasibility of repurposing abandoned hydrocarbon reservoirs for underground thermal energy storage, offering a practical solution for sustainable energy transition.
Comparative Study for DC-DC Converter Output Bank’s Reliability Evaluation Using Prediction Standards MIL-HDBK-217F vs. Telcordia SR-332
Authors: Butnicu Dan
Published: August 2024

In the last decade, a higher level of reliability has become a compulsory demand when it comes to modern DC-DC converters. This work addresses the main reliability metrics: in many studies, the failure rate λ and MTBF of an output capacitor bank used within a high-current low-voltage buck converter have shown that the output capacitor bank is the most critical component within the converter. Many authors dealt with this issue by performing reliability predictions. The majority of studies use only one specific standard prediction to solve the problem. Herein, the calculation was performed using both the older standard, MIL-HDBK-217, and the latest one, Telcordia SR-332, providing a benchmark comparison between the two, which is a helpful tool for output capacitor selection in early-stage design. The military standard was well accepted for decades in reliability prediction, even in industrial electronics, and is still used today in a critical manner because there have been no more updates after the latest version, MIL-HDBK-217F—Notice 2, was released in 1995. Since then, newer prediction standards have appeared in the electronics reliability market. Over time, this standard was mostly used, but it does not accurately model the reliability because of a lack of taking account of the mission profile. The above-mentioned newer standard—i.e., Telcordia SR-332—also tries to compensate for the lack of the newest component technology in the older standard (which is the first standard released on the market), supplying useful design data for design engineers who use the so-called “design with reliability in mind” concept. This provides the designer of DC-DC converters with a comparison between the reliability values when the two mentioned standards are used. This paper establishes the environmental condition for the passive components by means of a point of load (PoL) buck converter that is used for both calculation methods. The influence of temperature and several specific concepts, like reference conditions, operating conditions, ripple, and internal self-heating, were taken into account in order to display the results. The temperature for the capacitor’s capsule needed in πT stress factor calculation was derived using PSPICE simulation. High-fidelity and dedicated SPICE models provided by the manufacturer were used for MOSFETs, polymer electrolytic, and MLCC capacitors that comprise the converter.
A Parallel Prediction Model for Photovoltaic Power Using Multi-Level Attention and Similar Day Clustering
Authors: Gao Jinming , Su Xianlong , Kim Changsu , Cao Kerang , Jung Hoekyung
Published: August 2024

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation is significantly impacted by environmental factors that exhibit substantial uncertainty and volatility, posing a critical challenge for accurate PV power prediction in power system management. To address this, a parallel model is proposed for PV short-term prediction utilizing a multi-level attention mechanism. Firstly, gray relation analysis (GRA) and an improved ISODATA algorithm are used to select a dataset of similar days with comparable meteorological characteristics to the forecast day. A transformer encoder layer with multi-head attention is then used to extract long-term dependency features. Concurrently, BiGRU, optimized with a Global Attention network, is used to capture global temporal features. Feature fusion is performed using Cross Attention, calculating attention weights to emphasize significant features and enhancing feature integration. Finally, high-precision predictions are achieved through a fully connected layer. Utilizing historical PV power generation data to predict power output under various weather conditions, the proposed model demonstrates superior performance across all three climate types compared to other models, achieving more reliable predictions.
Modeling, Design, and Optimization of Loop Heat Pipes
Authors: Zhao Yihang , Wei Mingshan , Dan Dan
Published: August 2024

Thermal management technology based on loop heat pipes (LHPs) has broad application prospects in heat transfer control for aerospace and new energy vehicles. LHPs offer excellent heat transfer performance, reliability, and flexibility, making them suitable for high-heat flux density, high-power heat dissipation, and complex thermal management scenarios. However, due to limitations in heat source temperature and heat transfer power range, LHP-based thermal management systems still face challenges, especially in thermohydraulic modeling, component design, and optimization. Steady-state models improve computational efficiency and accuracy, while transient models capture dynamic behavior under various conditions, aiding performance evaluation during start-up and non-steady-state scenarios. Designs for single/multi-evaporators, compensation chambers, and wick materials are also reviewed. Single-evaporator designs offer compact and efficient start-up, while multi-evaporator designs handle complex thermal environments with multiple heat sources. Innovations in wick materials, such as porous metals, composites, and 3D printing, enhance capillary driving force and heat transfer performance. A comprehensive summary of working fluid selection criteria is conducted, and the effects of selecting organic, inorganic, and nanofluid working fluids on the performance of LHPs are evaluated. The selection process should consider thermodynamic properties, safety, and environmental friendliness to ensure optimal performance. Additionally, the mechanism and optimization methods of the start-up behavior, temperature oscillation, and non-condensable gas on the operating characteristics of LHPs were summarized. Optimizing vapor/liquid distribution, heat load, and sink temperature enhances start-up efficiency and minimizes temperature overshoot. Improved capillary structures and working fluids reduce temperature oscillations. Addressing non-condensable gases with materials like titanium and thermoelectric coolers ensures long-term stability and reliability. This review comprehensively discusses the development trends and prospects of LHP technology, aiming to guide the design and optimization of LHP.
Evaluation of Exterior Insulated Panels for Residential Deep Energy Retrofits
Authors: Biega Kyle , Krarti Moncef
Published: August 2024

This paper provides an analysis of challenges and available solutions for exterior insulated panels suitable for deep energy retrofits of existing building envelopes. The analysis covers a review of available technologies that provide flexible retrofit insulated panels suitable for multiple climates and building typologies. Moreover, the paper proposes a new design for insulated retrofit panels that account for the majority of identified technical risks including cost, architectural diversity, climate variations, structural concerns, moisture resilience, air sealing, and water sealing. Additionally, the proposed design can be easily installed with minimal disruption to the occupants. A series of parametric and optimization analyses is carried out to identify the optimal design specifications for insulated panels suitable for deep retrofits of existing US housing stocks. The analysis results show that the optimal design criteria for the insulated panels can reduce heating and cooling energy consumption by up to 80% and HVAC capacities by 70%. Moreover, the results indicate that these insulated panels are highly cost effective for retrofitting US housing units located in cold climates.
Renewable Power Systems: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kwilinski Aleksy , Lyulyov Oleksii , Pimonenko Tetyana
Published: August 2024

The ongoing amplification of climate change necessitates the exploration and implementation of effective strategies to mitigate ecological issues while simultaneously preserving economic and social well-being. Renewable power systems offer a way to reduce adverse anthropogenic effects without hindering economic growth. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of renewable power systems to explore their historical context, identify influential studies, and uncover research gaps, hypothesizing that global contributions and policy support significantly influence the field’s dynamics. Following Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses guidelines, this study utilized Scopus tools analysis and VOSviewer 1.6.20 software to examine the metadata sourced from scientific databases in Scopus. The outcomes of this investigation facilitate the identification of the most prolific countries and authors, as well as collaborative efforts that enrich the theoretical landscape of renewable power systems. The study also traces the evolution of research on renewable power systems. Furthermore, the results reveal key scientific clusters in the analysis: the first cluster concentrates on renewable energy and sustainable development, the second on the relationship between government policies and renewable power systems, and the third on the role of incentives that catalyse the advancement of renewable power systems. The findings of this meta-analysis not only contribute valuable insights to existing research but also enable the identification of emerging research areas related to renewable power system development.
Exploring the Frontier of 3D Bioprinting for Tendon Regeneration: A Review
Authors: Rosset Josée , Olaniyanu Emmanuel , Stein Kevin , Almeida Nátaly Domingues , França Rodrigo
Published: August 2024

The technology of 3D bioprinting has sparked interest in improving tendon repair and regeneration, promoting quality of life. To perform this procedure, surgical intervention is often necessary to restore functional capacity. In this way, 3D bioprinting offers a scaffold design, producing tendons with precise microarchitectures, promoting the growth of new tissues. Furthermore, it may incorporate bioactive compounds that can further stimulate repair. This review elucidates how 3D bioprinting holds promise for tendon repair and regeneration, detailing the steps involved and the various approaches employed. They demonstrate future challenges and perspectives and provide valuable information on the concept, bioprinting design, and 3D bioprinting techniques for the repair of tendon injuries.
Cosmopolitanism Reinvented: Intercultural Encounters between Sino–African American Intellectuals in Early and Mid-20th Century China
Authors: Huang Xinwen
Published: August 2024

Against the backdrop of global decolonization, nationalist movements, and civil upheavals in the early and mid-20th century, a renewed form of cosmopolitanism emerged through the intercultural encounters between African American and Chinese intellectuals. This cosmopolitan ideal was cultivated and embodied by these two historically, culturally, and geographically distinct communities and ultimately exerted lasting influences on a global scale. Despite initially perceiving China as a distant Other, African American authors such as Langston Hughes and W.E.B. Du Bois made their journeys to China in search of cultural inspiration for literary creations and social endeavors. While actively promoting the works of African American authors in China, the Chinese intellectual community in turn viewed the African American people as the Other Self and potential allies in international affairs. Mutual understanding and appreciation were pursued from both sides, leading to a co-reinvention of cosmopolitan ethos. By delving into the interconnected narratives, this article seeks to elucidate the nuanced dynamics and reciprocal influences that characterized the Sino–African American intellectual relationships in the context of international solidarity, decolonization, and the quest for social justice in the early and mid-20th century.
TNF Induces Laminin-332-Encoding Genes in Endothelial Cells and Laminin-332 Promotes an Atherogenic Endothelial Phenotype
Authors: Hayderi Assim , Zegeye Mulugeta Melkie , Meydan Sare , Sirsjö Allan , Kumawat Ashok Kumar , Ljungberg Liza U.
Published: August 2024

Laminins are essential components of the basement membranes, expressed in a tissue- and cell-specific manner under physiological conditions. During inflammatory circumstances, such as atherosclerosis, alterations in laminin composition within vessels have been observed. Our study aimed to assess the influence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine abundantly found in atherosclerotic lesions, on endothelial laminin gene expression and the effects of laminin-332 (LN332) on endothelial cells’ behavior. We also evaluated the expression of LN332-encoding genes in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Our findings demonstrate that TNF induces upregulation of LAMB3 and LAMC2, which, along with LAMA3, encode the LN332 isoform. Endothelial cells cultured on recombinant LN332 exhibit decreased claudin-5 expression and display a loosely connected phenotype, with an elevated expression of chemokines and leukocyte adhesion molecules, enhancing their attractiveness and adhesion to leukocytes in vitro. Furthermore, LAMB3 and LAMC2 are upregulated in human carotid plaques and show a positive correlation with TNF expression. In summary, TNF stimulates the expression of LN332-encoding genes in human endothelial cells and LN332 promotes an endothelial phenotype characterized by compromised junctional integrity and increased leukocyte interaction. These findings highlight the importance of basement membrane proteins for endothelial integrity and the potential role of LN332 in atherosclerosis.
Recent Technologies towards Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications of Circulating Nucleic Acids in Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Chung Jun , Xiao Sophie , Gao Yang , Soung Young Hwa
Published: August 2024

Liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising noninvasive approach for colorectal cancer (CRC) management. This review focuses on technologies detecting circulating nucleic acids, specifically circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating RNA (cfRNA), as CRC biomarkers. Recent advancements in molecular technologies have enabled sensitive and specific detection of tumor-derived genetic material in bodily fluids. These include quantitative real-time PCR, digital PCR, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and emerging nanotechnology-based methods. For ctDNA analysis, techniques such as BEAMing and droplet digital PCR offer high sensitivity in detecting rare mutant alleles, while NGS approaches provide comprehensive genomic profiling. cfRNA detection primarily utilizes qRT-PCR arrays, microarray platforms, and RNA sequencing for profiling circulating microRNAs and discovering novel RNA biomarkers. These technologies show potential in early CRC detection, treatment response monitoring, minimal residual disease assessment, and tumor evolution tracking. However, challenges remain in standardizing procedures, optimizing detection limits, and establishing clinical utility across disease stages. This review summarizes current circulating nucleic acid detection technologies, their CRC applications, and discusses future directions for clinical implementation.
The Beneficial Effects of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei DSM 27449 in a Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rat Model
Authors: Lee Yan Zhang , Cheng Shih-Hsuan , Lin Yu-Fen , Wu Chien-Chen , Tsai Ying-Chieh
Published: August 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age globally. Emerging evidence suggests that the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) and gut dysbiosis are linked to the development of PCOS. In this study, the effects of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei DSM 27449 (DSM 27449) were investigated in a rat model of PCOS induced by letrozole. The administration of DSM 27449 resulted in improved ovarian function, reduced cystic follicles, and lower serum testosterone levels. Alterations in miRNA expressions and increased levels of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax in ovarian tissues were observed in PCOS-like rats. Notably, the administration of DSM 27449 restored the expression of miRNAs, including miR-30a-5p, miR-93-5p, and miR-223-3p, leading to enhanced ovarian function through the downregulation of Bax expressions in ovarian tissues. Additionally, 16S rRNA sequencing showed changes in the gut microbiome composition after letrozole induction. The strong correlation between specific bacterial genera and PCOS-related parameters suggested that the modulation of the gut microbiome by DSM 27449 was associated with the improvement of PCOS symptoms. These findings demonstrate the beneficial effects of DSM 27449 in ameliorating PCOS symptoms in letrozole-induced PCOS-like rats, suggesting that DSM 27449 may serve as a beneficial dietary supplement with the therapeutic potential for alleviating PCOS.
Algorithmic Trading Using Double Deep Q-Networks and Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Tabaro Leon , Kinani Jean Marie Vianney , Rosales-Silva Alberto Jorge , Salgado-Ramírez Julio César , Mújica-Vargas Dante , Escamilla-Ambrosio Ponciano Jorge , Ramos-Díaz Eduardo
Published: August 2024

In this work, we explore the application of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to algorithmic trading. While algorithmic trading is focused on using computer algorithms to automate a predefined trading strategy, in this work, we train a Double Deep Q-Network (DDQN) agent to learn its own optimal trading policy, with the goal of maximising returns whilst managing risk. In this study, we extended our approach by augmenting the Markov Decision Process (MDP) states with sentiment analysis of financial statements, through which the agent achieved up to a 70% increase in the cumulative reward over the testing period and an increase in the Calmar ratio from 0.9 to 1.3. The experimental results also showed that the DDQN agent’s trading strategy was able to consistently outperform the benchmark set by the buy-and-hold strategy. Additionally, we further investigated the impact of the length of the window of past market data that the agent considers when deciding on the best trading action to take. The results of this study have validated DRL’s ability to find effective solutions and its importance in studying the behaviour of agents in markets. This work serves to provide future researchers with a foundation to develop more advanced and adaptive DRL-based trading systems.
Reaction to Disease and Coping Strategies in Stressful Situations among Psoriasis Patients: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kowalewska Beata , Milewska-Buzun Marta , Cybulski Mateusz , Szpakow Andriej , Khvorik Dzmitry , Sobolewski Marek , Aleksiejczuk Piotr , Niczyporuk Wiaczesław
Published: August 2024

Background: In the contemporary world, a cult of perfection is being created, and deviations from such an ideal image are becoming socially unacceptable. A particular situation arises when a defect or symptoms of a disease appear on the skin, which, in the case of people suffering from psoriasis, are a source of stress, dissatisfaction with the disease, and a reduction in quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess whether the quality of life related to the occurrence of psoriasis and the level of acceptance of the disease affect coping strategies in stressful situations. Methods: The study involved 111 people with common psoriasis (46.8% women and 53.2% men). Inclusion criteria were as follows: a diagnosis of common psoriasis for at least 0.5 years, no other types of psoriasis, no mental illnesses, and an informed consent of the respondent to participate in the study. In order to compile the research input, a proprietary questionnaire was used along with the following standardised tools: the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Results: The duration of the disease in the studied population varied and ranged from 0.5 years to over 50 years. Most respondents showed relatively low DLQI scores, with an average value of 10.8 points. In stressful situations (CISS), the respondents primarily used a strategy based on rational thinking (Task-oriented coping), with approximately 54 points on average; followed by an avoidant style (Avoidance-oriented coping), with approximately 50 points on average; and least often an emotional style (Emotion-oriented coping), with approximately 46 points on average. The average level of disease acceptance (AIS) in the studied group equalled approximately 26 points. Conclusions: Psoriatic lesions on the torso caused less rational behaviour in stressful situations (a decrease in the Task-oriented coping) in women but had the opposite result in men, whereas psoriatic lesions on the head stimulated the use of Task-oriented coping in women but had the opposite result in men. The higher the acceptance of the disease (AIS) presented by the respondents, the less often they used an emotional strategy (Emotion-oriented coping) in stressful situations. The higher the quality of life (DLQI) was, the lower the values of Emotion-oriented coping were noted.
Current Status, Challenges, and Future Directions in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Selinger Christian , van der Meulen Andrea
Published: August 2024

The treatment goal for patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) has traditionally been aimed at symptomatic steroid-free clinical remission [...]
Anaesthesia Concepts in Patients with Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia Undergoing Ophthalmic Surgery—A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Leister Nicolas , Wendt Stefanie , Hedergott Andrea , Heindl Ludwig M. , Rokohl Alexander C. , Stoll Sandra E. , Gordon Erik , Böttiger Bernd W. , Fricke Julia , Schick Volker C.
Published: August 2024

Background: Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) belongs to the group of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Anaesthesia for patients with CPEO may be associated with an increased risk due to known drug effects on mitochondrial metabolism. Therefore, the aim of this analysis was to evaluate anaesthesiological concepts in patients with CPEO requiring ophthalmic surgery. Methods: This is a retrospective, monocentric cohort analysis of eleven patients with CPEO undergoing ophthalmic surgery either with general anaesthesia or local anaesthesia in a German university hospital from January 2012 to February 2022. Results: A total of twelve ophthalmic surgery procedures were performed in eleven adult patients with CPEO. Six patients underwent surgery after receiving local anaesthesia (LA cohort). Five patients underwent six surgical procedures under general anaesthesia (GA cohort). In five cases within the GA cohort, propofol and remifentanil were used for the maintenance of anaesthesia. In one case, balanced anaesthesia with desflurane and remifentanil was used. The median duration of general anaesthesia was 37.5 min (range, 25–65 min). Patients stayed in the recovery room for a median of 48.5 min (range, 35–70 min). All patients were discharged on the first postoperative day. No relevant complications occurred in either the LA or GA cohort. Conclusion: Both local and general anaesthesia are feasible concepts for patients with CPEO undergoing ophthalmic surgery. Propofol, at least with a short duration (less than one hour) of use, appears to be a feasible hypnotic drug in CPEO patients.
Infratubercle Anterior Closing Wedge Osteotomy Corrects Sagittal Alignment without Affecting Coronal Alignment or Patellar Height
Authors: Onishi Shintaro , Kim Youngji , Nakayama Hiroshi , Mansour Alfred A. , Lowe Walter R. , Ollivier Matthieu
Published: August 2024

Background: Excessive posterior tibial slope (PTS) has been associated with a higher risk of graft failure after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Although anterior closing wedge osteotomy (ACWO) can reduce the PTS, it may also change the coronal alignment and patellar height. Purpose: To elucidate the radiological outcomes after infratubercle ACWO, specifically to evaluate its influence on perioperative changes in patellar height. Methods: Patients who underwent infratubercle ACWO with combined ACLR with a minimum follow-up of 3 months were included. Surgery was indicated when the PTS was greater than 12°. Radiological evaluation included measurements of the hip–knee–ankle angle (HKA), PTS, femoral patellar height index (FPHI), and Caton–Deschamps index (CDI) preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Patellar height was classified as patella baja, normal, or alta based on CDI values. Knee recurvatum was measured preoperatively and at final follow-up. Results: A total of 21 patients with a mean age of 21.6 ± 3.0 years were included. Although HKA did not significantly change, significant corrections were achieved in the PTS from 14.5° ± 1.6° to 5.7° ± 1.0° (p < 0.001). No significant change in FPHI was found (preoperative: 1.33 ± 0.11 vs postoperative: 1.30 ± 0.09). Patellar height categories showed no significant differences pre- and postoperatively, while three patients (14.3%) changed their patellar height category (all moved up one category). Knee recurvatum increased significantly from 4.9° ± 2.9° preoperatively to 7.8° ± 3.1° at the final follow-up (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Precise sagittal correction was achieved after infratubercle ACWO without altering the coronal alignment and patella height. Level of Evidence: IV, Case series.
Efficacy and Safety of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Radiation-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Teng-Kai , Wang Yu-Jen , Li Hsing-Ju , Yu Ya-Fang , Huang Kai-Wen , Cheng Jason Chia-Hsien
Published: August 2024

Background: Radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (RHC) is a chronic inflammatory disease in patients undergoing radiation therapy that causes a cluster of symptoms which may have a latent period of months to years. The current non-invasive treatments include drug treatment and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), which has been widely applied for RHC so far but with limited evidence. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the effects and safety of HBOT for RHC. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were utilized, searching in the databases of Embase, Pubmed, and Web of Science. The primary endpoint of the present study was complete remission of hematuria. The meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model, and a pooled odds ratio with 95% CI was calculated. Results: A total of 317 studies were searched and fourteen articles with 556 patients were collected. The results showed that a total of 500 patients (89.9%) had symptom improvement, and the pooled results demonstrated that 55% of patients with HBOT had complete remission of hematuria (95% CI 51–59%). Conclusions: A significant improvement of symptoms when treated with HBOT was shown in this meta-analysis for patients with RHC.
Myocardial Involvement in Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome during Pregnancy or Puerperium: A Case of a Young Breastfeeding Woman and Literature Review
Authors: Varotto Leonardo , Spigolon Luca , Dotto Alberto , Leonardi Denis , Bragantini Giulia , Cerrito Luca Felice , Deluca Cristina , Hoxha Ariela
Published: August 2024

Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome (CAPS) is a rare complication that can occur in patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS). CAPS occurs even more rarely during pregnancy/puerperium and pregnant patients, even less likely to show cardiac involvement without signs of damage on ultrasound and angiography with non-obstructive coronary arteries. We present a case of a 26-year-old breastfeeding woman, the youngest described with CAPS and acute myocardial infarction, whose diagnosis was made with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). A literature review of pregnant patients with similar problems was performed. There are diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties in treating these patients. CMRI demonstrated a transmural late enhancement area. A combination of therapies led to rapid clinical improvement. CMRI is an underused tool that reaffirms the pathophysiology of CAPS and leads clinicians to the possibility of a diffuse thrombotic process. CAPS involves more organs with high mortality rates. CMRI could be optimized in order to reach an early diagnosis and the most effective treatment. This study provides real-world evidence of the feasibility of MRI in a primary care setting during pregnancy/puerperium. Evidence from this study may influence future APS screening and inform policymakers regarding the use of leading MRI technology in the detection of the thrombotic process in a primary care setting.
Understanding Sports-Related Health Issues
Authors: Rojas-Valverde Daniel
Published: August 2024

In general, health problems (e [...]
MaAzaR Influences Virulence of Metarhizium acridum against Locusta migratoria manilensis by Affecting Cuticle Penetration
Authors: Hong Geng , Wang Siqing , Xia Yuxian , Peng Guoxiong
Published: August 2024

The entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) Metarhizium acridum is a typical filamentous fungus and has been used to control migratory locusts (Locusta migratoria manilensis). This study examines the impact of the Zn(II)2Cys6 transcription factor, MaAzaR, in the virulence of M. acridum. Disruption of MaAzaR (ΔMaAzaR) diminished the fungus’s ability to penetrate the insect cuticle, thereby decreasing its virulence. The median lethal time (LT50) for the ΔMaAzaR strain increased by approximately 1.5 d compared to the wild-type (WT) strain when topically inoculated, simulating natural infection conditions. ΔMaAzaR compromises the formation, turgor pressure, and secretion of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes in appressoria. However, the growth ability of ΔMaAzaR within the hemolymph is not impaired; in fact, it grows better than the WT strain. Moreover, RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of ΔMaAzaR and WT strains grown for 20 h on locust hindwings revealed 87 upregulated and 37 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the mutant strain. Pathogen–host interaction database (PHI) analysis showed that about 40% of the total DEGs were associated with virulence, suggesting that MaAzaR is a crucial transcription factor that directly regulates the expression of downstream genes. This study identifies a new transcription factor involved in EPF cuticle penetration, providing theoretical support and genetic resources for the developing highly virulent strains.
Simulation and Experimental Investigation on Additive Manufacturing of Highly Dense Pure Tungsten by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Qin Enwei , Li Wenli , Zhou Hongzhi , Liu Chengwei , Wu Shuhui , Shi Gaolian
Published: August 2024

Tungsten and its alloys have a high atomic number, high melting temperature, and high thermal conductivity, which make them fairly appropriate for use in nuclear applications in an extremely harsh radioactive environment. In recent years, there has been growing research interest in using additive manufacturing techniques to produce tungsten components with complex structures. However, the critical bottleneck for tungsten engineering manufacturing is the high melting temperature and high ductile-to-brittle transition temperature. In this study, laser powder bed fusion has been studied to produce bulk pure tungsten. And finite element analysis was used to simulate the temperature and stress field during laser irradiation. The as-printed surface as well as transverse sections were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to quantitatively study processing defects. The simulated temperature field suggests small-sized powder is beneficial for homogenous melting and provides guidelines for the selection of laser energy density. The experimental results show that ultra-dense tungsten bulk has been successfully obtained within a volumetric energy density of 200–391 J/mm3. The obtained relative density can be as high as 99.98%. By quantitative analysis of the pores and surface cracks, the relationships of cracks and pores with laser volumetric energy density have been phenomenologically established. The results are beneficial for controlling defects and surface quality in future engineering applications of tungsten components by additive manufacturing.
Simulated Body Fluid-Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking of a Rapidly Solidified Magnesium Alloy RS66
Authors: Singh Raman R. K. , Choudhary Lokesh , Shechtman Dan
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the simulated body fluid-assisted stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of an Al-free magnesium alloy (RS66) and a common Al-containing magnesium alloy (AZ91), the former being more suitable for temporary implant applications (however, we used AZ91 for comparison since there are considerable reports on SCC in this alloy). The investigation includes SCC tests under simultaneous conditions of mechanical loading and imposed electrochemical potential that established a combined effect of hydrogen and anodic dissolution as the embrittlement mechanism. Though the RS66 alloy possesses impressive mechanical properties in non-corrosive environments (as a result of its fine grain size), both alloys suffered significant embrittlement when tested in simulated body fluid. The susceptibility of the RS66 alloy to SCC was ~25% greater than that of AZ91, which is attributed to the greater resistance of AZ91 to corrosion/localised corrosion because of its Al content.
A Novel Approach for Evaluating the Influence of Texture Intensities on the First Magnetization Curve and Hysteresis Loss in Fe–Si Alloys
Authors: Carosi Daniele , Morri Alessandro , Ceschini Lorella , Ferraiuolo Alessandro
Published: August 2024

This paper examines the relationship between the magnetization behavior and crystal lattice orientations of Fe–Si alloys intended for magnetic applications. A novel approach is introduced to assess anisotropy of the magnetic losses and first magnetization curves. This method links the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of single crystal structures to the textures of polycrystalline materials through a vectorial space description of the crystal unit cell, incorporating vectors for external applied field and saturation magnetization. This study provides a preliminary understanding of how texture influences magnetic loss rates and the first magnetization curves. Experimental results from Electron Back-Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) and Single-Sheet Tests (SSTs), combined with energy considerations and mathematical modeling, reveal the following key findings: (i) a higher density of cubic texture components, whether aligned or rotated relative to the rolling direction, decreases magnetic anisotropy, suggesting that optimizing cubic texture can enhance material performance; (ii) at high magnetic fields, there is no straightforward correlation between energy losses and polarization; and (iii) magnetization rates significantly impact magnetization loss rates, highlighting the importance of considering these rates in optimizing Fe–Si sheet manufacturing processes. These findings offer valuable insights for improving the manufacturing and performance of Fe–Si sheets, emphasizing the need for further exploration of texture effects on magnetic behavior.
The Impact of an Electric Machine Body on EM Wave Propagation in RTMS
Authors: Ben Brahim Sonia , Dardouri Samia , Hammami Amor , Bouallegue Ridha , David Jacques , Vuong Tan-Hoa
Published: August 2024

The metallic components of an electric machine exert a notable impact on the electromagnetic transmission between an external recipient and an internal shaft sensor. The RTMS (rotor temperature monitoring system) is aimed at boosting power transfer in the machine, regardless of the considerable impact of its components. This research assesses the influence of the components of an electric machine on shaft sensor transmission and specifically addresses the packaging needs of the receiver antenna. The study includes a comparative analysis of two antennas. HFSS (high frequency structure simulator) simulation was utilized to identify the antenna with a superior propagation factor. The principal contribution of this paper is the assessment of how the electrical machine body affects the transmission and propagation of rotor sensor signals, establishing a connection between these effects and the packaging criteria for the receiver antenna. Moreover, the paper presents an antenna design that capitalizes on the electrical machine body to enhance the power transmission effectiveness. The final section of this paper encompasses the experimental results obtained from the implementation of the RN171 antenna on the electrical machine, provides valuable insights into the propagation characteristics, and contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the electromagnetic dynamics within the system.
Marine Delivery Vehicles: Molecular Components and Applications of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Casillo Angela , D’Amico Raffaele , Lanzetta Rosa , Corsaro Maria Michela
Published: August 2024

In marine ecosystems, communication among microorganisms is crucial since the distance is significant if considered on a microbial scale. One of the ways to reduce this gap is through the production of extracellular vesicles, which can transport molecules to guarantee nutrients to the cells. Marine bacteria release extracellular vesicles (EVs), small membrane-bound structures of 40 nm to 1 µm diameter, into their surrounding environment. The vesicles contain various cellular compounds, including lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and glycans. EVs may contribute to dissolved organic carbon, thus facilitating heterotroph growth. This review will focus on marine bacterial EVs, analyzing their structure, composition, functions, and applications.
Investigation of Antioxidant Activity of Protein Hydrolysates from New Zealand Commercial Low-Grade Fish Roes
Authors: Li Shuxian , Carne Alan , Bekhit Alaa El-Din Ahmed
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the nutrient composition of low-grade New Zealand commercial fish (Gemfish and Hoki) roe and to investigate the effects of delipidation and freeze-drying processes on roe hydrolysis and antioxidant activities of their protein hydrolysates. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the Hoki and Gemfish roe homogenates was carried out using three commercial proteases: Alcalase, bacterial protease HT, and fungal protease FP-II. The protein and lipid contents of Gemfish and Hoki roes were 23.8% and 7.6%; and 17.9% and 10.1%, respectively. The lipid fraction consisted mainly of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) in both Gemfish roe (41.5%) and Hoki roe (40.2%), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) was the dominant polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in Gemfish roe (21.4%) and Hoki roe (18.6%). Phosphatidylcholine was the main phospholipid in Gemfish roe (34.6%) and Hoki roe (28.7%). Alcalase achieved the most extensive hydrolysis, and its hydrolysate displayed the highest 2,2-dipheny1-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)˙ and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The combination of defatting and freeze-drying treatments reduced DPPH˙ scavenging activity (by 38%), ABTS˙ scavenging activity (by 40%) and ferric (Fe3+) reducing power by18% (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that pre-processing treatments of delipidation and freeze-drying could negatively impact the effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysis in extracting valuable compounds from low grade roe.
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in the Ambulatory Surgery Center: A Narrative Review
Authors: Bell Justin , Bindelglass Adam , Morrone Jennifer , Park Sherwin , Costa Ana , Bergese Sergio
Published: August 2024

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication of ambulatory surgery, leading to numerous deleterious effects such as decreased patient satisfaction, prolonged recovery unit stays, and rarely, more serious complications such as aspiration pneumonia or wound dehiscence. In this paper, we present a narrative review of the literature regarding common risk factors for PONV including patient factors, surgical factors, and anesthetic factors. We then will review anesthetic techniques and antiemetic drugs demonstrated to mitigate the risk of PONV. Finally, we discuss the potential economic benefits of PONV prophylaxis in the perioperative ambulatory setting.
Association Between Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid and Change in Fat-Free Mass Relative to Weight Loss in Patients Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Seo Eunhye , Kwon Yeongkeun , Park Sungsoo
Published: August 2024

Sleeve gastrectomy typically leads to weight loss, including a reduction in fat-free mass (FFM). Studies have shown significant FFM loss within 1 year after the procedure but with individual variations. This study aimed to assess whether preoperative amino acid metabolite levels can predict FFM changes following sleeve gastrectomy. This study involved 42 patients. Body weight, fat mass (FM), and FFM were measured preoperatively and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. All participants experienced weight loss, FM reduction, and FFM decrease for up to 3 months after surgery. However, the following distinct groups emerged from 3 to 6 months postoperatively: one showed FFM gain relative to weight loss, whereas the other exhibited continued FFM reduction relative to weight loss. This trend persisted for up to 12 months postoperatively and became more pronounced. The group with FFM gain had lower preoperative BMI and higher levels of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA). Logistic regression and ROC curve analyses confirmed IPyA’s ability to predict FFM gain between 3 and 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy, with a useful cutoff value of 20.205. Preoperative IPyA levels were associated with FFM gain relative to weight loss in the 3 to 6 months following sleeve gastrectomy. These findings suggest that IPyA may be a potential predictor for FFM changes during this period.
A 640 nA IQ Output-Capacitor-Less Low Dropout (LDO) Regulator with Sub-Threshold Slew-Rate Enhancement for Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) Applications
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Cai Jueping , Chen Jizhang , Yin Yixin
Published: August 2024

An ultra-low quiescent current output-capacitor-less low dropout (OCL-LDO) regulator for power-sensitive applications is proposed in this paper. To improve the gain of the OCL-LDO feedback loop, the error amplifier employs a combination of a cross-coupled input stage for boosting the equivalent input transconductance and a negative resistance technique to improve the gain. Meanwhile, in order to address the issue of transient response of the ultra-low quiescent current OCL-LDO, a sub-threshold slew-rate enhancement circuit is proposed in this paper, which consists of a transient signal input stage and a slew-rate current increase branch. The proposed OCL-LDO is fabricated in a 0.18 μm CMOS process with an effective area of 0.049 mm2. According to the measurement results, the proposed OCL-LDO has a maximum load current of 100 mA and a minimum quiescent current of 640 nA at an input voltage of 1.2 V and an output voltage of 1 V. The overshoot and undershoot voltages are 197 mV and 201 mV, respectively, and the PSR of the OCL-LDO is −72.4 dB at 1 kHz when the load current is 100 μA. In addition, the OCL-LDO has a load regulation of 7.6 μV/mA and a line regulation of 0.87 mV/V.
Enhanced TiO2-Based Photocatalytic Volatile Organic Compound Decomposition Combined with Ultrasonic Atomization in the Co-Presence of Carbon Black and Heavy Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Maeno Zen , Nishitani Mika , Saito Takehiro , Sekiguchi Kazuhiko , Kagi Naoki , Namiki Norikazu
Published: August 2024

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are representative indoor air pollutants that negatively affect the human body owing to their toxicity. One of the most promising methods for VOC removal is photocatalytic degradation using TiO2. In this study, the addition of carbon black (CB) and heavy metal nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated to improve the efficiency of a TiO2-based photocatalytic VOC decomposition system combined with ultrasonic atomization and ultraviolet irradiation, as described previously. The addition of CB and Ag NPs significantly improved the degradation efficiency. A comparison with other heavy metal nanoparticles and their respective roles are discussed.