bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PM2.5 promotes lung cancer progression through activation of the AhR‐TMPRSS2‐IL18 pathway
Authors: Wang Tong‐Hong , Huang Kuo‐Yen , Chen Chin‐Chuan , Chang Ya‐Hsuan , Chen Hsuan‐Yu , Hsueh Chuen , Liu Yi‐Tsen , Yang Shuenn‐Chen , Yang Pan‐Chyr , Chen Chi‐Yuan
Published: March 2023

Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a risk factor for lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of PM2.5 exposure on lung cancer progression. We found that short‐term exposure to PM2.5 for 24 h activated the EGFR pathway in lung cancer cells (EGFR wild‐type and mutant), while long‐term exposure of lung cancer cells to PM2.5 for 90 days persistently promoted EGFR activation, cell proliferation, anchorage‐independent growth, and tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model in EGFR‐driven H1975 cancer cells. We showed that PM2.5 activated AhR to translocate into the nucleus and promoted EGFR activation. AhR further interacted with the promoter of TMPRSS2, thereby upregulating TMPRSS2 and IL18 expression to promote cancer progression. Depletion of TMPRSS2 in lung cancer cells suppressed anchorage‐independent growth and xenograft tumor growth in mice. The expression levels of TMPRSS2 were found to correlate with nuclear AhR expression and with cancer stage in lung cancer patient tissue. Long‐term exposure to PM2.5 could promote tumor progression in lung cancer through activation of EGFR and AhR to enhance the TMPRSS2‐IL18 pathway.
Quevedo y sus autorretratos poético festivos
Authors: Cappelli Federica
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo se propone, en primer lugar, reconstruir la imagen de Francisco de Quevedo a partir del estudio de algunos de sus poemas satírico-burlescos en los que aparecen elementos autorrepresentativos o autobiográficos; aparentemente ambiguos y descompuestos, en realidad, estos, en su conjunto, ofrecen una visión muy auténtica y personal del escritor. Secundariamente, pretende explorar estas autoetopeyas burlescas para conocer su índole y su relación tanto con el precedente gongorino como con los cánones de la retórica del retrato.
The Effect of Activities Performed in the Science Center on Students’ Perceptions of Out-of-School Learning Environments
Authors: Doldur Metin , Ertas Kilic Hulya
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the applications conducted in the science center within the scope of the science lesson “Solar System and Beyond” unit of the 7th-grade students in the secondary school, on the perceptions of the students about the out-of-school learning environments (OSLEs). In the quantitative part of the research, in which nested design, one of the mixed research designs, was used, the study group consisted of 42 students. Also, in the quantitative part of the study, a quasi-experimental design with the pre-test-post-test control group, which is one of the experimental research methods, was used. The Science course was conducted in the classroom with the students in the control group as the program predicted. In addition to the science lessons conducted in the classroom with the experimental group students, activities within the scope of the unit were carried out in the science center and the planetarium. Quantitative data were collected with the “Out-of-School Learning Environments Perception Scale (OSLEPS)”. The follow-up test was applied to the experimental group of students three months later. In the qualitative part of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight students from the experimental and control groups. When the results obtained from the qualitative data are evaluated together with the quantitative data, it is seen that the practices in the science center and the perceptions of the experimental group students towards out-of-school learning environments differ positively compared to the control group students.
Preparation of bio-based polyurethane foams from liquefied cassava bagasse and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate
Authors: Tao Zhengyi , Yang Qiulin , Huo Dan , Zhang Fangdong , Zhang Yonglin , Chen Zeen
Published: March 2023

Cassava bagasse (CB) was liquefied using polyethylene glycol to prepare polyol. The liquefied cassava bagasse (LCB) was reacted with polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) to produce novel bio-based polyurethane foams (PUF) via a one-pot process. The results showed that the density of the LCB-PUF was in the range of 0.027 to 0.039 g/cm3. When the LCB was used to instead of polyether polyol with a replacement ratio rising from 20% to 100%, the compressive strength of the LCB-PUF decreased from 0.171 to 0.057 MPa. The TGA results indicated that a higher replacement ratio (≥60%) of the LCB had a negative effect on the thermal stability of LCB-PUF, and the PUF with heterogeneous walls and irregular pore shapes was mainly caused by the high replacement ratio of the LCB. In addition, the mechanical properties of the LCB-PUF were improved through the adjustment of the [NCO]/[OH] ratio and the foam additive content.
Effects of rosin-aluminum sulfate treatment on the leachability, color stability, and decay resistance of wood treated with a boron-based preservative
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thanh Hien , Tran Van Chu , Li Shujun , Li Jian
Published: March 2023

This study evaluated the combined effects of rosin and aluminum sulfate (alum) on the leachability of boron, the color stability, and the decay resistance of poplar (Populus ussuriensis) wood treated with boron compounds. After leaching, the boron content in the leachates was analyzed via the azomethine-H method. Results showed the amount of boron released from the rosin-alum-boron solution treated samples was reduced by approximately 30% when compared to the samples treated with boric acid alone. All samples treated with rosin-alum-boron formulations exhibited greater color stability than that of the untreated controls after being exposed to natural weathering. The decay resistance of the treated wood blocks was measured via a soil-block culture. The results revealed that after being treated with the rosin-alum-boron formulations, the decay resistance of the leached wood was markedly improved. The average weight loss of the samples degraded by both fungi tested was less than 20%. Notably, scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that the B element was still in the cell lumens of the leached and decayed wood blocks. This signified that the use of rosin combined with aluminum sulfate as a fixative agent may reduce boron leachability and could increase the usage of wood treated with boron preservatives.
Effect of moisture content during preparation on the physicochemical properties of pellets made from different biomass materials
Authors: Jiang Xuya , Cheng Weidong , Liu Jianbiao , Xu Hang , Zhang Donghong , Zheng Yuankun , Cai Hongzhen
Published: March 2023

The influence of moisture content was investigated relative to the pellet forming process and the pellet properties. Three different types of raw biomass (pine sawdust, corn straw, and peanut shell) were pelletized by hot pressing at different moisture levels (12%, 14%, and 16%) in a pellet mill with horizontal and ring type dies to investigate its physical property indexes of durability, pellet density, and combustion performance. The results of the study showed that pellet density and heating value were related to the moisture content. The maximum pellet density of the fuel pellets of sawdust, corn straw, and peanut shells was 1180 kg/m3, 1220 kg/m3, and 1130 kg/m3, respectively. The drop resistance and deformation resistance of pine sawdust and corn straw decreased with increased moisture content, but peanut shell initially increased with the increase of moisture before decreasing. The comprehensive combustion index of corn straw (14.03) was the highest during the combustion performance analysis in comparison to sawdust (11.10) and peanut shell (10.00). Overall, the optimal moisture content of sawdust, corn straw, and peanut shell was 12%, 12%, and 14%, respectively, and the combustion performance of the pellets made from corn straw was superior compared to the other two feedstocks.
Evaluation of sembilang bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus) charcoal for potential utilization
Authors: Park Se Hwi , Wistara Nyoman J. , Febrianto Fauzi , Lee Min
Published: March 2023

Potential application of Sembilang bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus) as a fuel source or an adsorbent was investigated, due to its large diameter, fast growth speed, and growth type. Samples of D. giganteus were carbonized at various temperatures, and then their physicochemical, fuel, and adsorption properties were analyzed and compared to the properties of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), which is widely used as a raw material for charcoal in Northeast Asia. The volume, weight, and density of the D. giganteus samples were greatly reduced between carbonization temperatures of 200 °C and 400 °C. It is possible that the high levels of SiO2 and K in D. giganteus may cause a high electric conductivity value in Dendrocalamus giganteus charcoal, which is a poor fuel source because of its high ash content and low calorific value. The acidity of D. giganteus disappeared at a carbonization temperature of 400 °C and the pH of D. giganteus increased up to 10.3. The adsorption power of D. giganteus, in terms of iodine and methylene blue, was higher than that of P. edulis. Based on the results of this experiment, the proper utilization of Sembilang bamboo charcoal was suggested as a chemical adsorbent.
Combination of xylanase and cellulase hydrolysis for enhanced saccharification of poplar chips: Process optimization
Authors: Wang Junying , Zeng Baiquan , Chen Jienan , Zhan Peng , Zhang Yangyang
Published: March 2023

Removing xylan from the outer surface of cellulose could promote the accessibility of cellulase to cellulose. Under this premise, in order to develop an efficient pretreatment method to obtain fermentable reducing sugar from poplar fiber, a response surface methodology was created via the combination of the Plackett-Burman design and the Box-Behnken design and was utilized by the Design-Expert software. The optimum conditions were as follows: a liquid-solid ratio of 4.95 to 1 (mL/g), a pre-hydrolysis xylanase temperature of 70.3 °C, and a total hydrolysis time of cellulase of 52.9 h. Under these conditions, the maximum amount of reducing sugars converted from poplar fiber was 159.6 mg/g. The average amount from the validation results was 160.1 mg/g, which was in agreement with the predicted value. Meanwhile, the poplar fiber hydrolyzed via a xylanase-aided two-stage pretreatment was compared with the poplar fiber hydrolyzed via only a cellulase pretreatment, using scanning electron microscopy. The xylanase-aided treatment revealed a surface with a more damaged structure, indicating that the utilization of xylanase could further improve the effects of hydrolysis on poplar fibers.
Complex formation of 1D-coordination poly-mers based on arendiyl-bisphosphinic acid
Authors:   Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, 54, Gagarina Ave., 50086 Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Balabai R.M. , Bondarenko O.O. ,   Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, 54, Gagarina Ave., 50086 Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Yatsiuta M.V. ,   Thurso High School, Ormlie Road, Thurso, Caithness, Scotland
Published: March 2023

Within the framework of the density functional theory and the ab initio pseudopotential, we have obtained the spatial distributions of the valence electrons density, the electron energy spectra and the atom charge states of 1D-coordination polymers based on arendiyl-bisphosphinic acids and metal ions. Formation of one-dimensional polymer chains takes place under participation of strong intermolecular bonds.
Dynamics of temperature dependence of the dielectric properties of a nanocomposite material based on linear polyethylene in the vicinity of the percolation transition
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kovalchuk O.V. ,   Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 46, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kovalchuk T.M. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Garbovskiy Y.A. ,   Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley str., New Britain, CT 06050 USA, Svistilnik R.F. ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine, Pushkarov D.V. ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine, Volokh L.V. ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine, Lagoda O.A. ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine, Oleinikova I.V. ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2023

Within the frequency range of 30 to 105 Hz and temperatures of 18 to 80 °C, the dielectric properties of linear low-density polyethylene with impurities of flame retardant (20 wt.%) and multilayer carbon nanotubes (1.5 wt.%) were investigated using the oscilloscopic method. This concentration value of carbon nanotubes slightly exceeds the concentration of nanotubes (1%), at which the percolation transition begins for the dependence of the polymer electrical conductivity on the content of nanotubes. It has been shown that the frequency dependence of electrical conductivity can be approximated by two exponential dependences. It has been found that when the sample is cooled, changes in the values of dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity do not occur in the same way as when heated. The temperature dependences of conductivity for low (102 Hz) and high (104 Hz) frequencies have been obtained.
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of As2S3 and Se thin films formed on Au nano-structures
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Yukhymchuk V.O. , Rubish V.M. ,   Institute for Information Recording, NAS of Ukraine, 2, Shpak str., 03113 Kyiv, Ukraine, Dzhagan V.M. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Hreshchuk O.M. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Isaieva O.F. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Mazur N.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Durkot M.O. ,   Institute for Information Recording, NAS of Ukraine, 2, Shpak str., 03113 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kryuchyn A.A. ,   Institute for Information Recording, NAS of Ukraine, 2, Shpak str., 03113 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kyrylenko V.K. ,   Institute for Information Recording, NAS of Ukraine, 2, Shpak str., 03113 Kyiv, Ukraine, Novichenko V.M. ,   Technical Center NAS of Ukraine, 13, Pokrovskaya str., 04070 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kremenytskyi V.V. ,   Technical Center NAS of Ukraine, 13, Pokrovskaya str., 04070 Kyiv, Ukraine, Maksimenko Z.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Valakh M.Ya. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2023

The effect of plasmonic nanostructures (NSs) on the Raman spectra and underlying structural changes in thin chalcogenide films is investigated. Several tens of nanometers thick As 2 S 3 and Se films were deposited by thermal sputtering on glass and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates based on gold nanostructures for comparison. The films on glass were practically not detectable by the Raman spectroscopy. Using gold NSs as the substrates enabled reliable registration of the Raman spectra of both the As 2 S 3 and Se films. The registered Raman spectra contained all the features usually present in the films with the thicknesses ~1 μm or more. Based on our analysis of the spectra obtained at different excitation wavelengths, we may conclude that the SERS chemical mechanism makes the main contribution to the enhancement of the Raman signal from chalcogenide films. Adjustment of the parameters of SERS substrates to tune their plasmon band position in resonance with the excitation laser radiation enables increasing the plasmonic enhancement contribution. Besides the effect of enhancement, localized plasmon resonance in the gold NSs causes local heating of the chalcogenide film around them leading to local structural transformations, which can be controlled using the Raman spectra.
Utilizing machine learning algorithm in predicting the power conversion efficiency limit of a monolithically perovskites/silicon tandem structure
Authors:   The Renewable Energy Postgraduate programme and the FabLab in the Centre for Emerging Learning Technologies (CELT), The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk 11837, Cairo, Egypt, Ganoub M. , Al-Saban O. ,   FabLab in the Centre for Emerging Learning Technologies (CELT), Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk 11837, Cairo, Egypt, Abdellatif S.O. ,   FabLab in the Centre for Emerging Learning Technologies (CELT), Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk 11837, Cairo, Egypt, Kirah K. ,   Engineering Physics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Ghali H.A. ,   FabLab in the Centre for Emerging Learning Technologies (CELT), Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk 11837, Cairo, Egypt
Published: March 2023

Tandem structures have been introduced to the photovoltaics (PV) market to boost power conversion efficiency (PCE). Single-junction cells’ PCE, either in a homojunction or heterojunction format, are clipped to a theoretical limit associated with the absorbing material bandgap. Scaling up the single-junction cells to a multi-junction tandem structure penetrates such limits. One of the promising tandem structures is the perovskite over silicon topology. Si junction is utilized as a counter bare cell with perovskites layer above, under applying the bandgap engineering aspects. Herein, we adopt BaTiO 3 /CsPbCl 3 /MAPbBr 3 /CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /c-Si tandem structure to be investigated. In tandem PVs, various input parameters can be tuned to maximize PCE, leading to a massive increase in the input combinations. Such a vast dataset directly reflects the computational requirements needed to simulate the wide range of combinations and the computational time. In this study, we seed our random-forest machine learning model with the 3×10 6 points’ dataset with our optoelectronic numerical model in SCAPS. The machine learning could estimate the maximum PCE limit of the proposed tandem structure at around 37.8%, which is more than double the bare Si-cell reported by 18%.
A kórházon kívüli felnőtt alapszintű újraélesztés új irányelvei és a laikusok bevonásának kérdései
Authors: Molnár Noémi , Nagy Ferenc , Fritúz Gábor , Kovács Enikő , Diószeghy Csaba
Published: March 2023

A kórházon kívüli váratlan keringésmegállások túlélési aránya egész Európában
alacsony. Az utóbbi évtizedben fény derült arra, hogy a túlélés javításának
legfőbb kulcsa a keringésmegállás pillanatában jelen lévő laikusok bevonása az
ellátásba. A laikus segélynyújtók a korai felismerésen és a korai
mellkaskompresszión túl a korai defibrillálás elvégzésébe is bevonhatók. A
felnőttek alapszintű újraélesztése egyszerű és könnyen elsajátítható készségek
sorozatából áll, amely akár kisiskoláskortól tanítható. A gyakorlat azonban azt
mutatja, hogy éles helyzetben az újraélesztés megkezdését a készségek felejtése
mellett a nem technikai készségek – például helyzetfelismerés, gyors
döntéshozatal, kommunikáció – hiánya és emocionális tényezők is erősen
befolyásolják. Ennek felismerése és a technikai vívmányok használata új
szemléletet hozott mind az oktatásban, mind az ismeretek gyakorlatba való
átültetése terén. A jelen összefoglaló a kórházon kívüli felnőtt alapszintű
újraélesztés aktuális szakmai irányelvét és az újraélesztés oktatásával
kapcsolatos szakmai újdonságokat (ezen belül a nem technikai készségek
jelentőségét) tekinti át, kitérve a COVID–19-járvány hatására is. Röviden
bemutatjuk a laikus segélynyújtók bevonásának támogatására kifejlesztett Szív
City alkalmazást. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(12): 443–448.
Defect-free ZnO nanorods with high angular distribution for enhanced excitonic emission
Authors: Fiedler Saskia , Ton-That Cuong , Phillips Matthew R.
Published: March 2023

Low-temperature hydrothermal growth has emerged as a popular method for the fabrication of ZnO nanorods (NRs), increasing the functionality and utility of ZnO-based devices. In this work, we study the influence of growth time, temperature and seed layer on the dimensions and angular distribution of ZnO NRs. High-quality NRs with a crisscrossed 60° angular distribution have been grown with a 20–60 nm diameter and 600 nm length. We show that, within the ideal range of growth parameters, the growth time and temperature have no controllable influence on NR diameter and length, while the deposition method and size of the pre-growth deposited ZnO seeds affects diameter and NR angular alignment. We demonstrate advantages of using crisscross-aligned NRs over planar ZnO for the enhancement of ZnO excitonic emission by optical coupling with gold nanoparticles. These results can be readily adapted for applications that involve surface coating-mediated enhancement of both light emission and injection.

Graphical abstract
Utilization of Low-Magnitude High-Frequency Vibration (LMHFV) as an Aid in Treating Peri-Implantitis: Case Presentations
Authors: Horowitz Robert A. , Kurtzman Gregori M.
Published: March 2023

Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory process initiating in the soft tissue and then progressing to the hard tissue surrounding dental implants leading to loss of osseous support and potential loss of the implant if not identified early in the process. This process initiates in the soft tissue, which become inflamed spreading to the underlying bone leading to decreases in bone density with subsequent crestal resorption and thread exposure. In the absence of treatment of the peri-implantitis, the bone loss at the osseous implant interface progresses with inflammatory mediated decrease in the bone density that moves apically, eventually leading to mobility of the implant and its failure. Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) has been shown to improve bone density, stimulate osteoblastic activity, and arrest progression of peri-implantitis with improvement of the bone or graft around the affected implant with or without surgery as part of the treatment. Two cases are presented using LMHFV to augment treatment.
Implementation of additional services at tourist and entertainment complexes according to international hospitality standards
Authors: Sarkisian H. , Novichkov V. , Liganenko M. , Shunko A.
Published: March 2023

Hospitality technologies are developing very rhythmically. Today, accommodation establishmentsface the main task: to attract the attention of a more significant number of guests who would become regular visitors. The hotel business is multifunctional, and its management is a complex task requiring newtechnologies. It is only possible to carry out these tasks with innovative solutions, which need to modernizethe accommodation enterprises and be guided by international standards of hospitality. A comprehensiveapproach to the definition of tourist services necessitates expanding additional services. In the conditions ofEuropean integration, other services acquire specific features, affecting the market attractiveness of thehotel enterprise. Remaining the main one, the accommodation service is characterized by stability. Theservices that distinguish this accommodation facility from others are of increased interest. The articleshows the expediency of organizing tourist and festival events as additional services of tourist and entertainment complexes, which will positively impact the development of the southern region of Ukraine.
Процесний підхід у формуванні системи управління якістю бізнес-процесів в операційній діяльності на туристичних підприємствах України
Authors: Трішин Ф. А. , Трач О. Р. , Шекера С. С.
Published: March 2023

Система управління якістю формує постійний процес для покращення якості послуг. Це можепокращити задоволеність клієнтів, підвищити їхню лояльність та знизити витрати, пов'язані з помил-ками, що може допомогти визначити та усунути проблеми у процесі проектування та/або впроваджен-ня послуг. Процесний підхід в системі управління якістю може допомогти туристичній фірмі покращитиефективність своїх операційних процесів, якість послуг, мотивацію та ефективність співробітників, щоможе призвести до скорочення часу на виконання одиниці роботи, підвищення продуктивності та збі-льшення загальної ефективності. В статті описаний адаптований процес впровадження інтегрованоїсистеми управління якістю, що для туристичної сфери виступає провідним методом формування якіс-ної послуги. Загалом, впровадження інтегрованої системи управління якістю, що базується в першучергу на стандарті ДСТУ ISO 9001:2015 в туристичній фірмі може призвести до поліпшення якості по-слуг, зниження витрат, підвищення ефективності процесів, поліпшення репутації та відповідності ста-ндартам. Використання методики може призвести до успішнішої та конкурентоспроможної діяльностікомпанії на ринку туристичних послуг як Україні, так і у світі.
THEOBROMINE AND THEOPHYLLINE DETERMINATION IN BLACK TEA BY CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS USING LARGE VOLUME SAMPLE STACKING
Authors:   Kuban State University, Tishchenko E.A. , Tsiupko T.G. ,   Kuban State University, Zhuravleva I.E. ,   Kuban State University
Published: March 2023

Some features of the formation of methylxanthines during growth and development of tea leaves are discussed, and the information about the content of minor methylxanthines, theobromine (TB) and theophylline (TF), in tea products is summarized. The expediency of using TB and TF as marker substances characterizing the quality of tea is substantiated. Possibility and limitations of using electrophoretic methods for TB and TF determination in tea products were investigated. Experimental studies were carried out to develop a method for TB and TF determination in black tea by capillary zone electrophoresis using the procedure of analytes online concentration – large volume sample stacking (LVSS-CZE-UV). Optimized conditions for the analytes separation were using the borate buffer solution (pH = 9.8, 90 mM concentration) and 20 kV voltage in the system. The following conditions for the analytes concentrating were proposed: time for introducing a 40-fold diluted tea extract (1.0 g per 100 ml of water) was 200 s at 50 mbar; the polarity reversal time was 1.5–1.7 min at a voltage of –10 kV. Under the selected conditions, the TB and TF concentration efficiency factors were 28 and 38, respectively. The analysis time did not exceed 22 min. For the developed method, the repeatability, intralaboratory precision, trueness and accuracy of the results of analytes determination in black tea samples were evaluated. Determining TB (0.04–4.0 mg/g concentration range) and TF (0.04–1.0 mg/g concentration range) in tea showed that the relative standard deviation of the results of the analytes determination σ(Δ) did not exceed 7 and 12 %, respectively. Analysis of various samples of black tea using the developed method showed that TB content ranged from 0.14 to 2.32 mg/g and TF content ranged from "< 0.040" to 0.15 mg/g.
On the Activation of One Word Formation Model in the Context of a Special Military Operation in Ukraine
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Vepreva Irina T. , Pikuleva Yuliya B. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: March 2023

The article examines the semantics and functioning of abstract procedural nouns with the prefix de- in modern media. The activation of this word — formation type was stimulated by two key terms used during the special military operation conducted in Ukraine — demilitarization and denazification. Contexts involving a number of common words and neoplasms with this prefix are investigated. It is shown that the prefix de- in the composition of derived words constructs a description of the modern complex political situation, manifesting the meaning of the annulment of everything that formed the established basis of the former world.
Comparative Analysis of Perceptions of Psychology Students and Consulting Psychologists of Difficult and Ideal Clients
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Wilhelm Anzhelika M. , Sannikov Konstantin A. ,   Ural Federal University, Lyubyakin Anatoly A. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: March 2023

The results of the empirical study of student psychologists’ and consulting psychologists’ perceptions of difficulties of psychological counseling are presented in this article. Comparative analysis of perceptions of psychology students and consulting psychologists of difficult and ideal clients was conducted. It was demonstrated that psychology student are inclined to perceive qualities characterizing difficult client to be causing more difficulties in the process of counseling, in comparison with the consulting psychologists. Qualities that were perceived by the study subjects to be the most important characterizations of the ideal client, were identified. The existence of reliable differences between psychology students and consulting psychologists, both in their perceptions of difficult and ideal clients, was demonstrated. It was determined that the differences in the perceptions of the study subjects are related to the qualities, that facilitate establishment of contact between a psychologist and a client.
Mechanical and leaching characterisation of impact-absorbing rubberised asphalts for urban pavements
Authors: Makoundou Christina , Fathollahi Alireza , Kleiven Svein , Coupe Stephen J , Sangiorgi Cesare
Published: March 2023

A new impact-absorbing material is being developed to protect vulnerable road users in urban areas and has been produced and tested, mechanically and environmentally in the laboratory. The main constituent of this innovative material is the rubber recycled from end-of-life tyres to foster a circular use of resources and exploit rubber’s elastic properties. The study aims to provide a complete Uniaxial Compression Test (UCT) and leaching analysis of the material to propose and optimise a mix that is mechanically sound, durable, and respectful of the environment, in view of in-situ applications. Therefore, the UCT and Dynamic Surface Leaching Test (DSLT) were carried out on rubberised asphalt specimens with different mix designs. The 64 days cumulative concentrations of leached heavy metals and trace elements from unit surface of specimens were calculated and quantified, according to the CEN/TS 16637 standard. In parallel, thanks to a specific mechanical characterisation, compressive stress–strain curves were obtained, and the relaxation and elastic modulus were evaluated. The results from the compression tests showed that the A-mixes have the best elastic and absorbing behaviour, especially those made with an SBS-modified bituminous emulsion (A4). The results from DSLT showed that the cumulative concentration of released elements, per unit surface of specimens were lower than the Dutch Soil Quality Decree (SQD) thresholds, taken as a reference. The low and early release of leachant observed for the mixtures, especially A4 as the most promising one, leave the possibility to handle the leaching with several solutions, including rubber coating treatment or water washing before their incorporation into the mix to limit and prevent their leaching while permitting very high injury reduction performances.
Production and Characterization of Colon Targeted pH Sensitive Macrospheres and Investıgation of Release Kinetics
Authors: EREN BELGİN Ezgi , DELİBALTA Cankız Gizem , ÇİÇEK Hüseyin
Published: March 2023

The gastrointestinal track has different pH values at different sections. Thus, it is not easy to carry a drug to the colon for absorption. pH sensitive polymeric macrosphere drug carriers have important advantages such as being able to be taken orally, targeting the active ingredient to the desired area and dosing the active ingredient at the desired concentration for a long time in the target area. In this contex pH sensitive sodium alginate-gelatin macrospheres were produced by the dispersion phase gelling and cross-linking (complex coacervation) process method then loaded with Sternbergia lutea extract in this study. The macrosphere extract release kinetics were investigated for different pH medias that simulates different sections of the gastrointestinal track. As a result, the produced drug carrier macrospheres released the active ingredient at the colon pH (pH 7.0) while at lower pH values did not show a significant extract release. Therefore, it was reported that the produced macrospheres have potential to be used for colon diseases treatments.
Examining the Success of Information Gain, Pearson Correlation, and Symmetric Uncertainty Ranking Methods on 3D Hand Posture Data for Metaverse Systems
Authors: YÜCELBAŞ Cüneyt , YÜCELBAŞ Şule
Published: March 2023

Metaverse is a hardware and software interface space that can connect people's social lives as in the real-natural world and provide the feeling of being there at the maximum level. In order for metaverse systems to be efficient, many independent accessories have to work holistically. One of these accessories is wearable gloves called meta gloves and equipped with sensors. Thanks to it, an important stage of metaverse systems is completed with the detection of 3-dimensional (3D) hand postures. In this study, the success of Information Gain, Pearson’s Correlation, and Symmetric Uncertainty ranking methods on 3D hand posture data for metaverse systems were investigated. For this purpose, various preprocessing was performed on the 3D data, and a dataset consisting of 15 features in total was created. The created dataset was ranked by 3 different methods mentioned and the features that the methods determined effectively were classified separately. Obtained results were interpreted with various statistical evaluation criteria. According to the experimental results obtained, it has been seen that the Symmetric Uncertainty ranking algorithm produces successful results for metaverse systems. As a result of the classification made with the active features determined using this method, there has been an increase in statistical performance criteria compared to other methods. In addition, it has been proven that time loss can be avoided in the classification of big data similar to the data used.
Introduction: Architects as Global Entrepreneurs in the Long 20th Century
Authors: Motylinska Monika , Verlaan Tim
Published: March 2023

Throughout the 20th century, architects have become global entrepreneurs in expanding their portfolios and businesses. The far-reaching consequences of this historical development are at the core of this Special Collection. Our basic assumption is that since a substantial part of the modern built environment has been produced at the hands of private business, it is only logical to investigate it as such. During the period under research in this collection, architects and the commercial firms they were associated with played instrumental roles in the design, financing, construction and development of a wide range of building typologies, from sprawling suburbia to inner-city redevelopment schemes and social infrastructures.
Formation of a system of integral indicators showing the windows of opportunities for sustainable development of industrial regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Shmeleva N. V.
Published: March 2023

Due to the system crisis caused by the pandemic, sanctions restrictions and complicated geopolitical situation there arose the need to find new models and strategies of sustainable development of the territories. The purpose of the article is to study theoretical and methodological aspects of sustainable development of the territories on the basis of ecosystem and entropy approaches. The ecosystem model of the territory is based on selfregulation and self-development, networking and partnership of all stakeholders. It is pointed out that sustainable development of a territory directly depends on the level of the use of human, technological, and natural capital. The author believes that it is possible to assess the sustainability through the entropy of a complex synergetic system that includes the entropy of its constituent ecosystems or the entropy of the capitals of the territory. Ten industrial regions of the Russian Federation have been assessed for sustainability, and recommendations on how to improve their sustainable development have been made. The work contributes to establishing the methodology of sustainable development of the territories and is aimed at providing completeness and reliability of the information ensuring right decisions. The results of the study can be used to develop and implement strategies, development programs, roadmaps for business adaptation to the principles of environmental, social and corporate responsibility of the industrial regions. Introduction of the results obtained into the practice of territorial management alongside with the application of high-performance decision support systems will ensure the intensification of the economic activity of the subjects, which will result in the increase of macroeconomic indicators and improvement of social indicators of the development of the regions.
Ensamblando la cadena de cultivos de alto valor en el ocidente de Honduras
Authors: Sanders Arie
Published: March 2023

La comunidad de la corporación internacional ha introducido el desarrollo de las cadenas de valor como un enfoque fundamental para lograr el desarrollo rural de forma eficiente. Este enfoque de " desarrollo de sistemas de mercado” se ha introducido ampliamente en el sector agrícola hondureño en un esfuerzo por integrar a los pequeños agricultores en las cadenas agrícolas de alto valor, como la hortícola. En este trabajo se ha elaborado un marco teórico crítico para analizar la retórica del desarrollo, que supone el uso de las cadenas de valor agrícolas como solución para la reducción de la pobreza rural en los países de bajos ingresos; y se utilizó un enfoque sociológico basado en el "pensamiento de ensamblaje". Este documento revela que un ensamblaje de cadenas de valor es relativamente complejo, con diversas relaciones, intereses y afectos; y que el enfoque descendente para impulsar mejoras en los pequeños agricultores y modernizar las cadenas de valor, deja poco margen de maniobra para la toma de decisiones y la autonomía de dichos productores. La hegemonía del conocimiento de los proyectos o de los expertos prevalece sobre todas las demás alternativas. Es necesario reflexionar sobre esta estrategia de desarrollo dominante e idear un modelo de desarrollo alternativo en el que la forma de producción de los pequeños agricultores pueda desempeñar un papel importante en la suficiente producción de alimentos locales, de forma cultural y ecológicamente adecuada.
“Biocombustibles”: mercantilización y extractivismo agrario en Argentina (2006-2021)
Authors: Toledo López Virginia Belén
Published: March 2023

En años recientes los espacios rurales argentinos sufrieron profundas transformaciones a partir de procesos que derivaron en la consolidación de la agricultura industrial y el avance del modelo del agronegocio. Recientemente, el dinamismo adquirido por el discurso de la bioeconomía en las políticas públicas ha dado al sector de los combustibles agrícolas un nuevo impulso, en el contexto de difusión de nuevas estrategias del capitalismo verde. El presente artículo analiza la producción de agrodiesel de soja en la provincia Santiago del Estero y de agroetanol a base de maíz en la provincia de Córdoba, en tanto procesos de expansión reciente del agronegocio, desde la Ecología Política. A partir de estudios de caso y considerando el territorio en su multiescalaridad, se indaga en los mecanismos de dominación y los dispositivos que contribuyen a legitimar prácticas extractivistas, de despojo y acumulación, asociadas al acaparamiento verde, y en emergencia de resistencias y disputas territoriales. Se reflexiona sobre los mecanismos de expansión del extractivismo en el agro, los procesos de (re)territorialización capitalista y el rol del Estado en este proceso.
El acueducto II de Querétaro: obras de trasvase y escenarios de desigualdad social
Authors: Granados Muñoz Luis Enrique
Published: March 2023

Trasvasar agua de una cuenca a otra es una acción muy socorrida entre muchos gobiernos del mundo. Se están construyendo y finalizando obras de este tipo en todos los continentes y México no es la excepción. A través del caso de la trasferencia de agua a la ciudad de Querétaro, este artículo tiene como objetivo demostrar que las obras de trasvase son artificios técnico-políticos que construyen, propagan y acentúan la desigualdad social a través de conceptos como el desarrollo, la modernidad y el paradigma de la escasez. Se sostiene que toda movilización, transferencia, trasvase o relocalización de agua genera voces de desacuerdo, afectados y beneficiados, además de someter y eliminar saberes locales sobre el agua. A través del método etnográfico de observación, registro y análisis del caso, se concluye que el trasvase de agua tiene consecuencias tales como una deuda financiera insostenible, devastación ecológica de afectación múltiple, pérdida de autonomía de los pueblos de la zona de extracción, y beneficiarios diferenciados, situados en la ciudad de Querétaro, así como en otras ciudades de México y el mundo.
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Associated Factors Among Women in Perinatal Period
Authors: Seid Jemal , Mohammed Emam , Aman Bilal Mohammed , Hassen Hassen Yimer
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is an important public health issue requiring adequate screening and management to avoid such harmful consequences. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of EDS in the perinatal period.Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out in selected public health institutions of Ethiopia on systematic selected 362 women during perinatal period. We used a validated Epworth daytime sleepiness tool to collect data. Epi-InfoTM 7 and SPSS version 26 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associated factors.Results The prevalence of EDS was 16.6% (95% CI: 12.6–20.7). Excessive pregnancy-related concern (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.232, 95% CI: 0.087–0.621), having depression symptoms (AOR = 8.045, 95% CI: 3.375–19.174), anxiety symptoms (AOR = 4.905, 95% CI: 2.083– 11.550) and having a chronic medical illness (AOR = 5.441, 95% CI: 2.273–13.021) were the factors associated with EDS.Conclusions The results of the current study suggested that perinatal EDS among women in northern part of Ethiopia is a highly prevalent and associated with excessive pregnancy concern, depression, anxiety, and medical illness.
Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on White Matter Microstructure in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Park Hea Ree , Kim Hye Ryun , Seong Joon-Kyung , Joo Eun Yeon
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has significant effects on quality of life and may lead to cognitive impairments. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the standard treatment for OSA and has been shown to improve sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of CPAP on white matter (WM) integrity using longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tests.Methods Twenty-two male patients with moderate to severe OSA were recruited, and thepatients underwent DTI scanning before and 6–44 months after CPAP treatment. Sixteen male patients with untreated OSA who were not compliant with CPAP were included as a reference group. We compared the functional anisotropy (FA) values between baseline and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging in both the CPAP and untreated groups using tract-specific statistical analysis (TSSA) method.Results The TSSA analysis showed that FA values in the middle part of the right corticospinal tract were increased after treatment in the CPAP group. In the untreated group, no significant change in FA value was observed between baseline and follow-up. In the CPAP group, the post-treatment FA value in the anterior part of the right anterior thalamic radiation was significantly correlated with the duration of CPAP therapy, after controlling for age, body mass index, and baseline FA value.Conclusions Our study suggests that long-term CPAP treatment could gradually reverse OSA-induced injury to the WM microstructure, particularly WM associated with the motor and limbic systems. The study findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of cognitive improvement after CPAP treatment in patients with OSA.
Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Body Mass Index, Household Income According to Sleep Duration: Findings From a Community Health Survey
Authors: Lee Jihyung , Um Yoo Hyun , Jeong Jong-Hyun , Seo Ho Jun , Kim Young-Chan , Yoon Sung Hoon , Kim Suk-Young , Kim Tae-Won , Hong Seung-Chul
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective Research on the relationship between sleep duration and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), body mass index (BMI), and income in South Korea was scarce. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and the PHQ-9, BMI, and household income.Methods We used data from the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) conducted by the Korean Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2018 which included a total of 228340 participants from across the country. We divided the participants into four groups based on their sleep duration and used one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the mean values of PHQ-9, BMI, and household income among the groups.Results A total of 227899 respondents were included in the study. Based on a one-way ANOVA, the mean PHQ-9 score tended to increase as sleep duration decreased. However, the group with a sleep duration of 9 hours or more had an exceptionally higher mean PHQ-9 score than the group with a sleep duration of 7 to 9 hours. The BMI score generally decreased as the sleep duration increased. Additionally, the group with a sleep duration of 5 to 7 hours and 7 to 9 hours had higher household income than the group with a sleep duration of 5 hours or less or 9 hours or more.Conclusions This study demonstrated the association between sleep duration and PHQ-9, BMI, and household income. Sleep duration was found to be a factor influencing PHQ-9, BMI, and household income.
An Investigation on Curriculum Design in Outcome Based Curriculum
Authors: Chae Su-Jin
Published: March 2023

Outcome based education, a competence based approach at the cutting edge of curriculum development, offers a powerful and appealing way of reforming and managing medical education. The emphasis is on the product that is to say what sort of doctor will be producted rather than on the educational process. In outcome based education, the outcomes are clearly and unambiguously specified such as Tyler’s curriculum design. The design of outcome based curriculum plans in the opposite direction, starting with the good doctor and working backwards. Outcome based curriculum offers many advantages as a way of achieving this. It emphasises relevance in the curriculum and accountability and can provide a clear and unambiguous framework for curriculum planning which has an intuitive appeal. It encourages the faculty and student to share responsibility for learning and it can guide the assessment.