bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Informed Consent: Modernising Information Sharing in Surgery to Empower Patients
Authors: Parsons Simon L. , Daliya Prita , Evans Phil , Lobo Dileep N.
Published: December 2022

Background

Despite the 2015 Montgomery Ruling highlighting key requisites for informed consent, little has changed to modernise data‐sharing and documentation of the consent process. It can be difficult to gauge patient understanding and address all patient concerns in time‐limited appointments. We aimed to assess the feasibility of a digital information‐sharing platform to support a move towards a digital informed consent process.

Methods

All adult patients referred to a single centre with symptomatic gallstones were invited to use a digital information‐sharing platform to support the informed consent process prior to their first surgical clinic appointment. The platform provided patients with multimedia information on gallstones and available treatment options. It recorded the time spent accessing information, asked patients multiple choice questions (MCQs) to allow a self‐test of understanding, documented a summary medical history, and allowed free text for patient questions. This information was summarised into a clinical report to support outpatient clinic consultations.

Results

Of the 349 patients registered to use the digital platform, 203 (58.2%) [165 (81.3%) female, mean age 47.6 years (range 19–84 years)] completed all modules necessary to generate a clinical report. Some 130 patients (64.0%) answered all 10 MCQs correctly and spent a mean of 18.7 min (range 3–88 min) reading the consent information. Most patient‐reported medical histories were deemed to be accurate.

Conclusion

Despite difficulties with access, resulting in drop‐outs, patients welcomed the opportunity to receive information digitally, prior to their consultation. Patients described feeling empowered and better informed to be involved in decision‐making.
Serum Copper-to-Zinc Ratio and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cohort Study
Authors: Kunutsor Setor K. , Voutilainen Ari , Laukkanen Jari A.
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and Cu/Zn-ratio have emerged as ageing-related biomarkers. We sought to assess the association between Cu/Zn-ratio and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk.

Methods

Serum Cu and Zn were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry in 2,503 men aged 42–61 years.

Results

During a median follow-up of 27.1 years, 210 COPD cases occurred. Serum Cu/Zn-ratio and Cu concentrations were linearly associated with COPD risk, whereas the relationship was curvilinear for Zn and COPD risk. A unit increase in Cu/Zn-ratio was associated with an increased COPD risk in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio, HR 1.81; 95% CI 1.08–3.05). The corresponding adjusted HR (95% CI) was 3.17 (1.40–7.15) for Cu. Compared to the bottom tertile of Zn, the HRs (95% CIs) were 0.68 (0.48–0.97) and 1.01 (0.73–1.41) for the middle and top tertiles of Zn, respectively.

Conclusions

Increased serum Cu/Zn-ratio and Cu concentrations were linearly associated with an increased COPD risk in men.
An Investigation of Cloudburst-triggered Landslides and Flash Floods in Arakot Region of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand
Authors: Chauhan Pankaj , Sain Kalachand , Mehta Manish , Singh Sudhir Kumar
Published: December 2022

A cloudburst event occurred at around 04:00hrs (IST), on 18, August 2019, elicited landslides and flash floods, at Tikochi and Makudi village under the Arakot region of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. This heavy rain has caused a massive flash flood in Arakot Nala and induced a major landslide downstream. This flash flood has caused the death of 19 people, 8 were missings, and 15 were injured, affecting 38 villages (70 km2 area) and stranding more than 400 people at various places. These flash floods have caused irreparable damage to the livestock, infrastructures, environment, and properties in the Uttarakhand and Himachal states and estimated economic losses of about Rs ~175 crores. During the same period, heavy rainfall also made havoc across north India. Meanwhile, the rescue and evacuation process in the region has been carried out by the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), and State Disaster Response Force (SDRF). However, it will take a lot of time to bring the situation in the region to normalcy. The study has suggested that pragmatic check dam policy and logical shifting of the people should be exercised in a safe and stable area before the onset of the monsoon season in the hazard-prone areas. An early warning system (EWS), installation of Doppler radar, and lightning sensors, which would be helpful for policymakers, planners, practitioners, and technologists will aid to minimize the disaster risk and sustainable development within the region. Although an EWS alone can not stop a similar type of disaster but would be very helpful in minimizing the loss of human lives, livestock, biodiversity, infrastructure (civilian and strategic), and land holding in the hilly region.
The features of discourse in “online talk show culture”
Authors: Wang Ting , Zhang Yuyan
Published: December 2022

Online Talk Show Culture is an important manifestation of mass culture. It is an application of new discourse and cultural presentation originated from the integration of mass culture with new media in the current social and temporal context. The Internet endows talk show a great space of creation. At the same time, the features of discourse in online talk shows with Chinese characteristics come into being, filling the gap of language variety shows in mainland China and advancing the formation of online talk show culture. The paper studies online talk shows and explores the discourse features of “talk show culture,” which is empowered by new media, from three perspectives: discourse subject, discourse modality, and discourse strategy.
The Fall and Rise of Racial Inequality in London Homicides: a Challenge for Policing by Consent
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Sherman Lawrence W. , Strang Heather
Published: December 2022

Research Question

How have London’s racial and demographic disparities in homicide victimisation rates changed in 2 decades of the twenty-first century, with what implications for policing by consent?

Data

We collected Metropolitan Police Service homicide victimisation counts in London for each financial year (April through March) so far in the twenty-first century, by race, gender and age. We also collected the estimated residential population size of those groups from the 2001 and 2011 Census results.

Methods

We divided the number of homicides each year in each demographic category by the estimated population size of that category, and then computed victimisation rates per 100,000 for each of the 21 years. We plotted trends in the rates of each group over time, whilst calculating ratios between victimisation rates of Blacks and Whites, and of South Asians and Whites, in each year.

Findings

Over the past 2 decades in London, Black homicide victimisation rates have fallen by almost half, but they remain about 5 times higher than homicide victimisations of Whites and South Asians. Inequality of homicide rates between Black and White victimisations declined substantially, but then became worse: the most recent 5 years showed 19% more inequality than in the century’s first 5 years. Three major changes in homicide inequalities have occurred since 2001: (A) The total Black homicide victimisation rate dropped by 71% from 2001 to 2014; (B) homicides of Blacks then increased by 92% in the 5 years to 2019–2020, whilst the White victimisation rate remained unchanged; (C) from 2019 to 2022, Black victimisation rates declined again by 27%, whilst White rates also declined, by 26%. Young Black males aged 16–24 were 10 to 20 times more likely than White counterparts to become homicide victims in 2017–2022. Yet Black female homicide victimisation dropped by 82% over 21 years. Female inequality reduced from up to 400% higher for Black females than Whites at the beginning of the century to 67% higher in the most recent 5 years. For Asians of all ages, inequality of homicide victimisations to Whites disappeared by 2022. Inequality persisted between young Asian males and young White males.

Conclusion

Changes in London’s racial inequality in homicide victimisation are both substantial and volatile. Understanding their fall and rise may help police to renew and sustain reductions of racial inequality in risks of violence. Learning lessons about what police may have done to cause substantial reductions in Black victimisation requires both retrospective and ongoing tracking of both homicide and policing at local levels. Providing transparent tracking is also essential to public dialogue about policing strategies, which could help to renew policing by consent based on precise statistical evidence.
Hyponormal Toeplitz operators with non-harmonic symbols on the weighted Bergman spaces
Authors: Kim Sumin , Lee Jongrak
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we consider the hyponormality of Toeplitz operators acting on the weighted Bergman space $$A_{\alpha }^2({\mathbb{D}}).$$

A

α

2

(
D
)

.

We establish necessary or sufficient conditions for the hyponormality of Toeplitz operators with non-harmonic symbols $$\varphi (z)$$

φ
(
z
)

that are bivariate polynomials in z and $${\overline{z}}$$

z
¯

(i.e., $$\varphi (z)=az^m{\overline{z}}^n+bz^s{\overline{z}}^t$$

φ

(
z
)

=
a

z
m

z
¯

n

+
b

z
s

z
¯

t

). In particular, we present some characteristics according to the coefficients and degree of $$\varphi (z).$$

φ
(
z
)
.
Epidemiology of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG)—overview and perspectives
Authors: Piedade Ana , Francisco Rita , Jaeken Jaak , Sarkhail Peymaneh , Brasil Sandra , Ferreira Carlos R. , Rijoff Tatiana , Pascoal Carlota , Gil Alexandre , Lourenço Ana Beatriz , Abreu Marta , Gomes Mafalda , Videira Paula A. , dos Reis Ferreira Vanessa
Published: December 2022

Background and aim

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a large heterogeneous group of about 170 rare inherited metabolic disorders due to defective protein and lipid glycosylation. This study aimed to assemble and summarise available data on the epidemiology of CDG.

Methods

A set of keywords related to epidemiology and CDG was defined. The keywords were combined through a custom Python script, search through the MEDLINE database, using PubMed as the search engine. The script retrieved the correspondent MEDLINE data from each article, and the relevant information was exported. Next, inclusion and exclusion criteria were set and applied during the selection phase. Finally, epidemiology-related information was extracted and compiled.

Results

One hundred sixty-five papers on CDG epidemiology were included in this literature review. Most of them reported on the frequency of symptoms in CDG patients followed in cohort studies, on pathogenic variant allelic frequency, and on the prevalence of the disorder in populations. According to this review, the most reported CDG was phosphomannomutase-2 deficiency (PMM2-CDG) followed in descending order by FKTN-CDG, EXT1/EXT2-CDG, ALG6-CDG, and PIGA-CDG.

Conclusions

We provide an overview on epidemiological data regarding 93 CDG by compiling information from the literature. Generating epidemiological data on CDG is important to appropriately target resources for CDG research and drug development and to support public health decision-making.
Indikationen minimal-invasiver Verfahren in der Schmerztherapie am Beispiel der Rückenmarkstimulation
Authors: Sator Sabine Maria
Published: December 2022

Die epidurale „spinal cord stimulation“ (SCS), „dorsal root ganglion stimulation“ (DGS) und subkutane Technik stellen minimal-invasive Verfahren dar, die rechtzeitig und nach harter Indikationsstellung eine Therapieoption bei therapierefraktären Schmerzen sind. Mit diesen Verfahren gewinnen Patient*innen an Lebensqualität, d. h. Medikamentenreduktion, verbesserte Beweglichkeit und Schlaf, Schmerzreduktion und Resozialisierung.
CNEReg Interprets Ruminant-Specific Conserved Non-Coding Elements by Developmental Gene Regulatory Network
Authors: Pan Xiangyu , Ma Zhaoxia , Sun Xinqi , Li Hui , Zhang Tingting , Zhao Chen , Wang Nini , Heller Rasmus , Hung Wong Wing , Wang Wen , Jiang Yu , Wang Yong
Published: December 2022

The genetic information coded in DNA leads to trait innovation via a gene regulatory network (GRN) in development. Here, we developed a conserved non-coding element interpretation method to integrate multi-omics data into gene regulatory network (CNEReg) to investigate the ruminant multi-chambered stomach innovation. We generated paired expression and chromatin accessibility data during rumen and esophagus development in sheep, and revealed 1601 active ruminant-specific conserved non-coding elements (active-RSCNEs). To interpret the function of these active-RSCNEs, we defined toolkit transcription factors (TTFs) and modeled their regulation on rumen-specific genes via batteries of active-RSCNEs during development. Our developmental GRN revealed 18 TTFs and 313 active-RSCNEs regulating 7 rumen functional modules. Notably, 6 TTFs (OTX1, SOX21, HOXC8, SOX2, TP63, and PPARG), as well as 16 active-RSCNEs, functionally distinguished the rumen from the esophagus. Our study provides a systematic approach to understanding how gene regulation evolves and shapes complex traits by putting evo-devo concepts into practice with developmental multi-omics data.
Exploring the Metaphysics of Hegel's Racism: The Teleology of the ‘Concept’ and the Taxonomy of Races
Authors: James Daniel , Knappik Franz
Published: December 2022

This article interprets Hegel's hierarchical theory of race as an application of his general views about the metaphysics of classification and explanation. We begin by offering a reconstruction of Hegel's hierarchical theory of race based on the critical edition of relevant lecture transcripts: we argue that Hegel's position on race is appropriately classified as racist, that it postulates innate mental deficits of some races, and that it turns racism from an anthropological into a metaphysical doctrine by claiming that the division of humankind into races (at least in the Old World) is not a brute fact, but follows a ‘higher necessity’. We then summarize our interpretation of the relevant metaphysical background to this theory. On our reading, Hegel postulates an essentialist form of explanation that explains given kinds as stages in a teleological, non-temporal process through which the nature of a superordinate kind is realized. We argue that Hegel's views about a hierarchical and necessary division of humankind into races are an application of this model to the case of human diversity, motivated by explanatory considerations and subject to confirmation bias. By way of conclusion, we address two possible attempts to ‘save’ Hegelian philosophy from its racist baggage.
National parks and conservation concessions: a comparison between mammal populations in two types of tropical protected areas in Ucayali, Peru
Authors: Bardales Rocío , Hyde Matthew , Gallo Jenny , Boron Valeria
Published: December 2022

Peru contains the second largest surface area of the Amazon biome. The Peruvian Amazon is threatened by logging, illegal crops, mining, and agricultural expansion. While a number of national parks exist in the Amazon region, privately managed areas like Conservation Concessions can be an attractive complement to existing parks. We compare medium and large mammal communities in a Conservation Concession in Ucayali with the nearby Parque Nacional Sierra del Divisor National Park and describe species relative abundance and richness of both protected areas. Results suggest that Conservation Concessions can harbour an important diversity of mammal species and could provide connections to larger protected areas. However, they are no substitutes for large protected areas, especially for sensitive and threatened species. Further research is needed to demonstrate their complementarity and improve landscape-level connectivity between conservation models.
Traumafolgestörungen und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Arbeitsfähigkeit und Wiedereingliederung
Authors: Uebel Jochen
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung. Traumafolgestörungen umfassen eine Reihe psychischer Erkrankungen und können relevante Auswirkungen auf die Arbeitsfähigkeit haben. Die Arbeit stellt in der Regel eine wichtige Ressource in der Behandlung dar. Für die Einschätzung der Arbeitsfähigkeit ist nicht die Schwere oder Art des Traumas ausschlaggebend, sondern die krankheitsbedingten Funktionseinschränkungen müssen sorgfältig erhoben und mit den Anforderungen der Tätigkeit abgeglichen werden. Als hilfreiches Instrument bietet sich dafür das Rating mittels Mini-ICF-APP an. Eine wiedereingliederungsorientierte Haltung kann die Behandlung entscheidend unterstützen.
Blaue Finger nach respiratorischem Infekt
Authors: Fuchsberger Sandra , Bloch-Infanger Constantine , Mang Georg
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung. Eine 53-jährige Patientin erkrankte an SARS-CoV-2. Sie litt unter Husten, Kopfschmerzen und leichter Anstrengungsdyspnoe. Bei zunehmender Dyspnoe wurde sie kurzfristig hospitalisiert. Zwei Wochen nach den respiratorischen Erstsymptomen entwickelte die Patientin dolente livide Verfärbungen der linken Endphalangen I–III. In der Angiografie konnte ein Verschluss der Arteria princeps pollicis und der Arteria digitalis communis/propria der linken Finger II und III dokumentiert werden. Die Patientin erhielt eine lokale intraarterielle Kurzzeit-Lysetherapie mit Alteplase. Ergänzend wurde eine Therapie mit Ilomedin (Iloprost) durchgeführt.
Update zum Thema Lungenembolie: leitliniengerechte Diagnostik und Therapie anhand eines Fallbeispiels
Authors: Schürch Kerstin A. , Holy Erik W. , Kucher Nils , Barco Stefano
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung. In der Abklärung einer akuten Lungenembolie ist eine schnelle und zielgerichtete Diagnostik entscheidend und prognostisch relevant. Diese erfolgt bei hämodynamisch stabilen Patientinnen und Patienten primär mittels klinischer Beurteilung, gefolgt von einer D-Dimer-Bestimmung oder direkten Bildgebung mittels Computertomografie bei entsprechender Vortestwahrscheinlichkeit. Ist die Diagnose einer Lungenembolie gestellt, gilt es das optimale Antikoagulans zu wählen und die notwendige Überwachung und Therapie in die Wege zu leiten. Das Therapieregime wird von der hämodynamischen Stabilität (inkl. ggf. Reperfusionsbedarf), den Komorbiditäten und den Patientencharakteristika abhängen. Während die Antikoagulation für die ersten drei bis sechs Monate grundsätzlich bei allen Patientinnen und Patienten empfohlen wird, ist eine Reevaluation der Therapie nach der Akuttherapie zwingend. Zusätzlich sollte bei persistierenden Beschwerden nach drei bis sechs Monaten an die Möglichkeit einer chronisch thrombo-embolischen pulmonalen Hypertonie (CTEPH) oder eines Post-LE-Syndroms gedacht werden.
Was ist eine akute COPD-Exazerbation? Resultate einer Umfrage bei grundversorgenden Ärztinnen und Ärzten in der Deutschschweiz
Authors: Ruoss Aja , Franzen Daniel
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung. Akute Exazerbationen haben einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Morbidität und Mortalität von Patient_innen mit chronisch obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung (COPD), weshalb prophylaktische und frühzeitige Behandlungen unverzichtbar geworden sind. Allerdings werden COPD-Exazerbationen deutlich unterdiagnostiziert, was möglicherweise auf sprachliche Diskrepanzen zwischen behandelnder Ärztin/behandelndem Arzt und Patient_in zurückzuführen ist. Ziel dieser Studie war es, herauszufinden, wie COPD-Exazerbationen von Allgemeininternist_innen und ihren Patient_innen wahrgenommen werden und welche sprachlichen Konventionen dabei verwendet werden. Im Dezember 2021 wurden Online-Fragebögen per E-Mail an Hausärzt_innen mit einer Praxis in der Deutschschweiz verschickt. Von 2667 Fragebögen wurden insgesamt 197 (7,4%) vollständig ausgefüllt und konnten für die Analyse verwendet werden. Mit dieser Umfrage konnte die Hypothese bestätigt werden, dass zwischen Hausärztin/Hausarzt und Patient_in nur in begrenztem Mass ein gemeinsames Verständnis von COPD-Exazerbationen besteht.
Landscape Change Affects Soil Organic Carbon Mineralization and Greenhouse Gas Production in Coastal Wetlands
Authors: Yang Ping , Zhang Linhai , Lai Derrick Y. F. , Yang Hong , Tan Lishan , Luo Liangjuan , Tong Chuan , Hong Yan , Zhu Wanyi , Tang Kam W.
Published: December 2022

Plant invasion and aquaculture activities have drastically modified the landscape of coastal wetlands in many countries, but their impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization and greenhouse gas production remain poorly understood. We measured SOC mineralization rate and soil CO2 and CH4 production rates in three habitat types from 21 coastal sites across the tropical and subtropical zones in China: native mudflats (MFs), Spartina alterniflora marshes (SAs), and aquaculture ponds (APs). Landscape change from MFs to SAs or APs increased total and labile fraction of SOC, as well as carbon mineralization rate and greenhouse gas production, but there were no discernible differences in SOC source‐sink dynamics between SAs and APs. SOC mineralization rate was highest in SAs (20.4 μg g−1 d−1), followed by APs (16.9 μg g−1 d−1) and MFs (11.9 μg g−1 d−1), with CO2 as the dominant by‐product. Bioavailable SOC was less than 2% and was turned over within 60 days in all three habitat types. Proliferation of S. alterniflora marshes and expansion of AP construction had resulted in a net increase in soil CO2‐eq production of 0.4–4.3 Tg yr−1 in the last three decades. Future studies will benefit from better census and monitoring of coastal habitats in China, complementary in situ measurements of greenhouse gas emissions, and more sampling in the southern provinces to improve spatial resolution.
Understanding the Daytime and Nighttime Impacts of Dust Aerosols on Surface Energy and Meteorological Fields in Northwest China
Authors: Su Shixiang , Wang Jinyan , Yin Zelun , Wang Tianyu , Yasheng Dilinuer , Xie Xiangshan , Sun Caixia , Yang Yi
Published: December 2022

Dust aerosols pose non‐negligible impacts on regional and global climate, particularly over northwest China (NWC), where dust events frequently occur. Here, six dust events with different intensities occurred from 2014 to 2019 in NWC were simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to Chemistry (WRF‐Chem) to quantitatively evaluate the contributions of dust aerosols to radiation fluxes, surface energy, and meteorology, with specific consideration to the distinctions between daytime and nighttime. The results show that the contributions of dust aerosols to surface energy and meteorology were significantly affected by dust concentrations and dust layer heights and exhibited diurnal variation. In the case with high dust concentration and low dust layer height, dust aerosols increased the surface energy during the nighttime but decreased in the daytime, and the increase was much greater than the decrease. As a result, dust aerosols increase surface energy (0.06 W/m2 in the dust source region; 0.13 W/m2 in the dust affected region (DAR)) and surface temperature (0.0088°C in the DSR; 0.0781°C in the DAR) and decrease surface relative humidity (−0.053% in the DSR; −0.205% in the DAR) throughout the whole day. In contrast, dust causes opposite impacts on surface meteorology throughout the whole day due to the nighttime warming effect from the dust events with low dust concentration and high dust layer height is lesser than the daytime cooling effect. The study provides scientific insights for improving our understanding of dust aerosols‐regional meteorology interaction.
Prediction of oxygen requirement in patients with COVID-19 using a pre-trained chest radiograph xAI model: efficient development of auditable risk prediction models via a fine-tuning approach
Authors: Chung Joowon , Kim Doyun , Choi Jongmun , Yune Sehyo , Song Kyoung Doo , Kim Seonkyoung , Chua Michelle , Succi Marc D. , Conklin John , Longo Maria G. Figueiro , Ackman Jeanne B. , Petranovic Milena , Lev Michael H. , Do Synho
Published: December 2022

Risk prediction requires comprehensive integration of clinical information and concurrent radiological findings. We present an upgraded chest radiograph (CXR) explainable artificial intelligence (xAI) model, which was trained on 241,723 well-annotated CXRs obtained prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for detection of 20 radiographic features was 0.955 (95% CI 0.938–0.955) on PA view and 0.909 (95% CI 0.890–0.925) on AP view. Coexistent and correlated radiographic findings are displayed in an interpretation table, and calibrated classifier confidence is displayed on an AI scoreboard. Retrieval of similar feature patches and comparable CXRs from a Model-Derived Atlas provides justification for model predictions. To demonstrate the feasibility of a fine-tuning approach for efficient and scalable development of xAI risk prediction models, we applied our CXR xAI model, in combination with clinical information, to predict oxygen requirement in COVID-19 patients. Prediction accuracy for high flow oxygen (HFO) and mechanical ventilation (MV) was 0.953 and 0.934 at 24 h and 0.932 and 0.836 at 72 h from the time of emergency department (ED) admission, respectively. Our CXR xAI model is auditable and captures key pathophysiological manifestations of cardiorespiratory diseases and cardiothoracic comorbidities. This model can be efficiently and broadly applied via a fine-tuning approach to provide fully automated risk and outcome predictions in various clinical scenarios in real-world practice.
Analysing sector coupling technologies for Re‐purposing coal‐fired power plants–Case study for the ENTSO‐E grid
Authors: Traupmann Anna , Greiml Matthias , Steinegger Josef , Kühberger Lisa , Kienberger Thomas
Published: December 2022

The high emission intensity of coal‐fired power plants (CFPP) leads to the inevitable next step towards energy transition, the coal phase‐out. One challenge is the subsequent use of still‐functioning assets. Re‐purposing these assets avoids value loss and creates new opportunities for coal regions. Therefore, this study considers the sector coupling technologies Power‐to‐Gas (PtG) and Gas‐to‐Power (GtP) as re‐purposing options. First, a multi‐variable Mixed‐Integer Linear Programming optimisation model is established. This model includes the participation of the plant in the current (2020) and future (2030, 2040) electricity and natural gas spot‐markets and the balancing power market while fulfilling existing contracts, and allows for determining the re‐purposing technologies' operating profiles. By applying a techno‐economic analysis, investment recovery periods of the considered re‐purposing technologies are assessed, which range between two (GtP) and over ten (PtG) years. A sensitivity analysis accounting for current energy prices and technological advancements reveals capital expenditure has the highest impact on this Return‐On‐Investment period. Additionally, a case study considering the Austrian energy grids is performed to account for the grid impact of integrating these technologies at former CFPP sites. Thus, it is found that the investigated sector coupling technologies have the potential to compensate for grid congestions even in profit‐optimised operation.
Comprehensive analysis of alternative splicing signatures in pancreatic head cancer
Authors: Zhou Lingshan , Yang Yuan , Ma Jian , Liu Min , Liu Rong , Ma Xiaopeng , Qiao Chengdong
Published: December 2022

The correlation between dysregulation of splicing and cancers has been increasingly recognised and confirmed. The identification of valuable alternative splicing (AS) in pancreatic head cancer (PHC) has a great significance. AS profiles in PHC were generated using the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and TCGASpliceSeq. Then, the NMF clustering method was performed to identify overall survival‐associated AS (OS‐AS) subtypes in PHC patients. Subsequently, we used least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression analysis to construct an AS‐related risk model. The splicing regulatory network was uncovered by Cytoscape 3.7. A total of 1694 OS‐AS events were obtained. The PHC patients were divided into clusters 1 and 2. Cluster 1 had poorer prognosis and lower infiltration of immune cells. Subsequently, a prognostic signature was established that showed good performance in predicting OS and progression‐free survival. The risk score of this signature was associated with the unique tumour immunity. Moreover, a nomogram incorporating the risk score and clinicopathological parameters was established. Finally, a splicing factor‐AS regulatory network was developed. A comprehensive analysis of the AS events in PHC associated with prognosis and tumour immunity may help provide reliable information to guide individual treatment strategies.
Rootstock competition and planting spacing for cv. ‘VERMENTINO’ in an altitude region of Santa Catarina
Authors: Nardello Izabel Camacho , de Souza André Luiz Kulkamp , Caliari Vinícius , Malgarim Marcelo Barbosa
Published: December 2022

Rootstock adequacy and planting density are necessary for new grapevine varieties in new regions. The objective of this work was to select the rootstock that confers the best productive performance to the ‘Vermentino’ variety, and to adjust the ideal spacing for this combination. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 5x3 factorial scheme, in which the treatments studied consisted of the combination of five rootstocks (‘101-14 Mgt’, ‘Harmony’, ‘IAC 572’, ‘Paulsen 1103’, and ‘VR 043-43’) and three spacings between plants (1.0, 1.2 and 1.5 m). The phenological cycle of the plants and the productive and quality characteristics of the grapes were evaluated during 2018/19, 2019/20, and 2020/21 harvests. Bud break of ‘Paulsen 1103’ and ‘VR 043-43’ rootstocks occurred the latest in 2019/20 and 2020/21. ‘101-14 Mgt’ and ‘Paulsen 1103’ rootstocks induced the highest yields in 2019/20 and 2020/21. The 1.0 m spacing between plants provided the highest productivity in all seasons. Thus, it can be concluded that the ‘Paulsen 1103’ and ‘VR 043-43’ rootstocks delayed bud break and decreased phenological sub-periods. ‘Paulsen 1103’ and ‘101-14 Mgt’ rootstocks contributed to increase the productivity; the ‘IAC 572’ rootstock presented the lowest contribution to the polyphenols content and antioxidant activity, and the 1.0 m spacing between plants resulted in greater productivity of the vineyard.
Lomban Traditions and Preservation of the Marine Environment in Jepara
Authors: Alamsyah  , Angga Vicky Verry , Fitriani Danik
Published: December 2022

Lomban is a tradition of the Jepara people in which is carried out one week after Eid al-Fitr. Lomban is a party of fishing communities in the form of sea alms, which is now supported by the people of Jepara and outside Jepara. The center of the competition is located at Kartini Beach. This competition activity is related to the environment and marine conservation, especially in protecting the environment. The existence of the lomban tradition shows the continuity of fish living in the sea and the harmony between the marine environment, humans, and God. The lomban tradition in which there is a buffalo head larungan shows the concern of fishermen, community members, and local governments for the marine environment. With this tradition, there is an awareness that in taking fish in the sea and the natural wealth of the sea must pay attention to the survival of marine life. The marine economy taken must pay attention to the conditions of the marine environment and not damage the sea. Through the efforts of the lomban tradition, it is hoped that environmental conservation will be well maintained. Keywords: Lomban, preservation, environment, sea, Jepara.
Perception the Role of Dalihan Na Tolu Traditional in Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among High Risk Population
Authors: Soep  , Siagian Albiner , Siregar Fazidah A. , Mutiara Erna
Published: December 2022

Prevalence of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Padangsidimpuan regency remains high. Currently, the controlling of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus have not involved yet cultural approach. This study aimed to explore the role of Dalihan Na Tolu traditional in preventing type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among high risk groups population in Padangsidimpuan City. This is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. Informants in this study consisted of high risk people as many as 16 people based on Findrisc Score. Data was collected using indepth interview and then analyzed by content analysis. The results of this study found two themes, namely (1) the role and function of Dalian Na Tolu, (2) efforts and support of Dalihan Na Tolu traditional for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus prevention. It was concluded that appling Dalihan Na Tolu traditional could motivate high risk population towards healthy life style. Therefore, it could avoid the disease progress to type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. It was suggested that Dalihan Na Tolu traditional could be integrated in the prevention program of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Ein „Best-Practice-Modell“ für die Rehabilitation nach lumbaler Nukleotomie
Authors: Thalhamer Christoph
Published: December 2022

Ist eine Rehabilitation nach einer Bandscheibenoperation notwendig? Und wenn ja, wie sollte diese gestaltet werden? Christoph Thalhamer diskutiert die Frage nach der Notwendigkeit und stellt anhand aktueller Literatur ein Best-Practice-Modell der postoperativen Rehabilitation vor.
S1-Leitlinie Long-/Post-COVID
Authors: Koczulla A. R. , Ankermann T. , Behrends U. , Berlit P. , Berner R. , Böing S. , Brinkmann F. , Frank U. , Franke C. , Glöckl R. , Gogoll C. , Häuser W. , Hohberger B. , Huber G. , Hummel T. , Köllner V. , Krause S. , Kronsbein J. , Maibaum T. , Otto-Thöne A. , Pecks U. , Peters E. M. J. , Peters S. , Pfeifer M. , Platz T. , Pletz M. , Powitz F. , Rabe K. F. , Scheibenbogen C. , Schneider D. , Stallmach A. , Stegbauer M. , Tenenbaum T. , Töpfner N. , von Versen-Höynck F. , Wagner H. O. , Waller C. , Widmann C. N. , Winterholler C. , Wirtz H. , Zwick R.
Published: December 2022

Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie hat 2021 die AWMF S1-Leitlinie Long-/Post-COVID initiiert. In einem breiten interdisziplinären Ansatz wurde diese S1-Leitlinie basierend auf dem aktuellen Wissensstand gestaltet.

Die klinische Empfehlung beschreibt die aktuellen Long- bzw. Post-COVID-Symptome, diagnostische Ansätze und Therapien.

Neben der allgemeinen und konsentierten Einführung wurde ein fachspezifischer Zugang gewählt, der den aktuellen Wissensstand zusammenfasst.

Die Leitlinie hat einen explizit praktischen Anspruch und wird basierend auf dem aktuellen Wissenszugewinn vom Autorenteam weiterentwickelt und adaptiert.
Prävention ab dem ersten Milchzahn! Zahnärztliche Frühuntersuchungen und neue Fluoridempfehlung im Überblick
Authors: Geiken Antje , Holtmann Louise , Schwarz Christiane , Dörfer Christof E , Graetz Christian
Published: December 2022

Frühkindliche Karies ist eine vermeidbare Erkrankung, die bei Kindern unter 6 Jahren weiterhin verbreitet ist. Ihre Entstehung ist multifaktoriell und zeigt in allen Altersgruppen eine starke soziale Polarisierung. Für die Prävention ist eine frühzeitige gemeinsame Betreuung der Kinder durch alle Berufsgruppen entscheidend. Dabei sollten neben Kinder-/Jugendärzt*innen und Zahnärzt*innen auch Hebammen eingebunden werden.
Schlangenbissvergiftungen – Inzidenz, Giftwirkung, Erste Hilfe und Therapie
Authors: Blessmann Jörg , Hosemann Deborah , Hunstig Friederike , Kreuels Benno
Published: December 2022

Mit jährlich geschätzten 81 000–138 000 Todesfällen sind Schlangenbissvergiftungen die tödlichste Erkrankung auf der WHO-Liste der vernachlässigten Tropenkrankheiten. Die meisten Schlangenbissvergiftungen treten in Asien und Afrika auf, vor allem in ländlichen Gebieten. Die Giftwirkung ist überwiegend hämatotoxisch oder neurotoxisch. Zudem verursachen Zytotoxine Schwellungen und Gewebsnekrosen. Zur spezifischen Therapie werden Antivenine eingesetzt, die meist aus Pferdeserum gewonnen werden. Der Zugang zu Antiveninen ist häufig nicht gewährleistet, vor allem in Ländern mit niedrigen und mittleren Einkommen. Neben der Aufklärung und praktischen Empfehlungen ist Armutsbekämpfung die beste Prävention. Um das WHO-Ziel einer Mortalitätsreduktion um 50 % bis 2030 zu erreichen, ist eine kostenlose Behandlung mit Antiveninen und eine Gesundheitsaufklärung der Bevölkerung zur Prävention essenziell.
Stabilisationstraining bei Instabilitäten des
Ellenbogengelenks
Authors: Sprenkel Thomas
Published: December 2022

Nach akut oder chronisch erworbenen Ellenbogeninstabilitäten ist es
wichtig, das Gelenk wieder zu stabilisieren. Dabei müssen Therapeuten
die Bewegungslimitierungen beachten und die Intensität der Belastung an
den jeweiligen Heilungsfortschritt anpassen. Lesen Sie, wie ein
Stabilitätstraining des Ellenbogens aufgebaut werden kann.
Clinical Informatics Approaches to Understand and Address Cancer Disparities
Authors: Chaunzwa Tafadzwa L. , del Rey Maria Quiles , Bitterman Danielle S.
Published: December 2022

Objectives: Disparities in cancer incidence and outcomes across race, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, and geography are well-documented, but their etiologies are often poorly understood and multifactorial. Clinical informatics can provide tools to better understand and address these disparities by enabling high-throughput analysis of multiple types of data. Here, we review recent efforts in clinical informatics to study and measure disparities in cancer.

Methods: We carried out a narrative review of clinical informatics studies related to cancer disparities and bias published from 2018-2021, with a focus on domains such as real-world data (RWD) analysis, natural language processing (NLP), radiomics, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and metagenomics.

Results: Clinical informatics studies that investigated cancer disparities across race, ethnicity, gender, and age were identified. Most cancer disparities work within clinical informatics used RWD analysis, NLP, radiomics, and genomics. Emerging applications of clinical informatics to understand cancer disparities, including proteomics, metabolomics, and metagenomics, were less well represented in the literature but are promising future research avenues. Algorithmic bias was identified as an important consideration when developing and implementing cancer clinical informatics techniques, and efforts to address this bias were reviewed.

Conclusions: In recent years, clinical informatics has been used to probe a range of data sources to understand cancer disparities across different populations. As informatics tools become integrated into clinical decision-making, attention will need to be paid to ensure that algorithmic bias does not amplify existing disparities. In our increasingly interconnected medical systems, clinical informatics is poised to untap the full potential of multi-platform health data to address cancer disparities.
Knowledge Representation and Management: Notable Contributions in 2021
Authors: Cui Licong , Dhombres Ferdinand , Charlet Jean
Published: December 2022

Objectives: To select, present, and summarize the best papers in the field of Knowledge Representation and Management (KRM) published in 2021.

Methods: Following the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook guidelines, a comprehensive and standardized review of the biomedical informatics literature was performed to select the best KRM papers published in 2021, based on PubMed queries.

Results: A total of 1,231 publications were retrieved from PubMed. We nominated 15 candidate best papers, and four of them were finally selected as the best papers in the KRM section. The topics covered by these papers include knowledge graph, ontology development, ontology alignment, and the International Classification of Diseases.

Conclusion: In the KRM best paper selection for 2021, the candidate best papers covered a wider spectrum of topics compared to the last year’s significant focus on ontology curation. In particular, ontology development for specific domains (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, infectious diseases, bioethics) has received the most attention.
Inclusive Digital Health
Authors: Mougin Fleur , Hollis Kate Fultz , Soualmia Lina F.
Published: December 2022

Objectives: To introduce the 2022 International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook by the editors.

Methods: The editorial provides an introduction and overview to the 2022 IMIA Yearbook whose special topic is “Inclusive Digital Health: Addressing Equity, Literacy, and Bias for Resilient Health Systems”. The special topic, survey papers, section editor synopses and some best papers are discussed. The sections’ changes in the Yearbook Editorial Committee are also described.

Results: As shown in the previous edition, health informatics in the context of a global pandemic has led to the development of ways to collect, standardize, disseminate and reuse data worldwide. The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated the need for timely, reliable, open, and globally available information to support decision making. It has also highlighted the need to address social inequities and disparities in access to care across communities. This edition of the Yearbook acknowledges the fact that much work has been done to study health equity in recent years in the various fields of health informatics research.

Conclusion: There is a strong desire to better consider disparities between populations to avoid biases being induced in Artificial Intelligence algorithms in particular. Telemedicine and m-health must be more inclusive for people with disabilities or living in isolated geographical areas.
Best Research Papers in the Field of Sensors, Signals, and Imaging Informatics 2021
Authors: Baumgartner Christian , Deserno Thomas M.
Published: December 2022

Objectives: In this synopsis, we identify and highlight research papers representing noteworthy developments in signals, sensors, and imaging informatics in 2021.

Methods: A broad literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus databases. We combined Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and keywords to construct particular queries for sensors, signals, and imaging informatics. Except for the sensor section, we only consider papers that have been published in journals providing at least three articles in the query response. Using a three-point Likert scale (1=not include, 2=maybe include, and 3=include), we reviewed the titles and abstracts of all database returns. Only those papers which reached two times three points were further considered for full paper review using the same Likert scale. Again, we only considered works with two times three points and provided these for external reviews. Based on the external reviews, we selected three best papers, as it happens that the three highest ranked papers represent works from all three parts of this section: sensors, signals, and imaging informatics.

Results: The search for papers was executed in January 2022. After removing duplicates and conference proceedings, the query returned a set of 88, 376, and 871 papers for sensors, signals, and imaging informatics, respectively. For signals and images, we filtered out journals that had less than three papers in the query results, reducing the number of papers to 215 and 512, respectively. From this total of 815 papers, the section co-editors identified 35 candidate papers with two times three Likert points, from which nine candidate best papers were nominated after full paper assessment. At least three external reviewers then rated the remaining papers and the three best-ranked papers were selected using the composite rating of all external reviewers. By accident, these three papers represent each of the three fields of sensor, signal, and imaging informatics. They were approved by consensus of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook editorial board. Deep and machine learning techniques are still a dominant topic as well as concepts beyond the state-of-the-art.

Conclusions: Sensors, signals, and imaging informatics is a dynamic field of intense research. Current research focuses on creating and processing heterogeneous sensor data towards meaningful decision support in clinical settings.
Black Bone MRI for Virtual Surgical Planning in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Vyas Krishna S. , Suchyta Marissa A. , Hunt Christopher H. , Gibreel Waleed , Mardini Samir
Published: December 2022

Advances in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing software have improved translational applications of virtual surgical planning (VSP) in craniomaxillofacial surgery, allowing for precise and accurate fabrication of cutting guides, stereolithographic models, and custom implants. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) imaging has traditionally been the gold standard imaging modality for VSP in craniomaxillofacial surgery but delivers ionizing radiation. Black bone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reduces the risks related to radiation exposure and has comparable functionality when compared with CT for VSP. Our group has studied the accuracy of utilizing black bone MRI in planning and executing several types of craniofacial surgeries, including cranial vault remodeling, maxillary advancement, and mandibular reconstruction using fibular bone. Here, we review clinical applications of black bone MRI pertaining to VSP and three-dimensional (3D)-printed guide creation for craniomaxillofacial surgery. Herein, we review the existing literature and our institutional experience comparing black bone MRI and CT in VSP-generated 3D model creation in cadaveric craniofacial surgeries including cranial vault reconstruction, maxillary advancement, and mandibular reconstruction with fibular free flap. Cadaver studies have demonstrated the ability to perform VSP and execute the procedure based on black bone MRI data and achieve outcomes similar to CT when performed for cranial vault reshaping, maxillary advancement, and mandibular reconstruction with free fibula. Limitations of the technology include increased time and costs of the MRI compared with CT and the possible need for general anesthesia or sedation in the pediatric population. VSP and 3D surgical guide creation can be performed using black bone MRI with comparable accuracy to high-resolution CT scans in a wide variety of craniofacial reconstructions. Successful segmentation, VSP, and 3D printing of accurate guides from black bone MRI demonstrate potential to change the preoperative planning standard of care. Black bone MRI also reduces exposure to ionizing radiation, which is of particular concern for the pediatric population or patients undergoing multiple scans.