bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Reversibility” and Entropy History Independence
Authors: Pekkanen Martti
Published: May 2022

According to the explicit propositions by Clausius, in the original
publications in the 1850’s, the temperatures of the “reservoirs” are
irrelevant for the “second fundamental equation” of the “mechanical
theory of heat” to hold true. It is shown that entropy being history
independent, i.e., “path independent”, “state function”, is
contradictory to “reversibility”, i.e., contradictory to the “second
fundamental equation” of the “mechanical theory of heat” holding true
for “reversible” phenomena, only. This result is corroborated by
experimental evidence. This result only removes the unnecessary
restriction posed by “reversibility”, causes no adverse practical
consequences, and offers the possibility to unify and simplify continuum
entropy modeling. For example, the result removes the dilemma due to
“reversibility” from engineering calculations for real physical
phenomena, none of which are “reversible”.
Competitiveness of Universities in the Context of Sustainable Higher Education
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Troshkova Marina , Katane Irena ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies
Published: May 2022

At the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21stcentury, the humanity has entered a new stage of development when changes in various industries and spheres of human activity are not episodic, but obtain a lasting and continuous nature, so organisations, each individual of the society and the society as a whole must live with constant changes and be able to develop themselves in the interacting and constantly changing environment. Thus, the university teachers’ competitiveness in an ever-changing environment is becoming topical in the context of sustainable higher education. The aim of the research: on the basis of the results of theoretical research, to develop a methodological base for studying the competitiveness of universities in the contextof university sustainability. Theoretical research methods: study, analysis and evaluation of the content of scientific literature, and empirical research methods: reflection of the authors’ experience, are used in the current research. There are variousmanifestation forms of competitiveness in the activities of universities. Aspirations of universities to ensure their viability, including competitiveness in the current changing conditions, as well as sustainability in the future perspective, greatly motivates university teachers to constantly improve professionally, thereby developing their competitiveness. There is a correlation between the competitiveness of the university and its teachers: the more competitive the university is, the more competitive its teachers are, and vice versa, the more competitive the university teachers are, the more competitive the university is as a whole.
Efektifitas Metode Diskusi dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Manullang Juanda , Sidabutar Hasudungan , Manullang Agustinus
Published: May 2022

Kegiatan pembelajaran pada masa pandemi di ruang virtual yang hanya mendengar dan mengerjakan tugas tanpa melibatkan siswa aktif akan berdampak pada tujuan pembelajaran yang tidak tercapai dan hasil belajar siswa yang menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektifitas penggunaan metode diskusi dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimen. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Populasi t pada penelitian ini merupakan seluruh siswa beragama Kristen kelas XI yang berjumlah 104 siswa. Penentuan sampel untuk penelitian ini menggunakan rumus Isacc and Michael dengan taraf kesalahan 5%, sehingga jumlah sampel adalah sebanyak 83 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan tes. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan inferensisal. Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan rumus uji t diperoleh thitung sebesar 9,482. Kemudian hasil tersebut dibandingkan dengan ttabel dengan taraf signifikansi 5% sebesar 1,66. Hal itu berarti thitung lebih besar dari ttabel., sehingga metode diskusi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar PAK pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu guru dalam memilih dan menerapkan metode pembelajaran yang tepat untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
PERSEPSI MAHASISWA MENGENAI PERKULIAHAN DARING KALKULUS DIFERENSIAL DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Dewi Putu Kartika , Kartika Desak Made Ristia , Mahayukti Gusti Ayu , Arnaputri Gusti Ayu Made
Published: May 2022

Pembelajaran daring merupakan solusi pelaksanaan pendidikan di masa pandemi Covid-19 untuk mencegah penyebaran virus Corona baru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis persepsi mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran daring pada mata kuliah kalkulus diferensial pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Hal ini penting untuk dijadikan pertimbangan dalam mempersiapkan pembelajaran daring di masa yang akan datang. Responden penelitian ini adalah 97 mahasiswa S1 Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha tahun ajaran 2021/2020. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuisioner, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi perkuliahan. Data dianlisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gaya belajar sebagian besar mahasiswa adalah audio visual, oleh karena itu pembelajaran dengan video conference lebih diminati dibandingkan dengan percakapan grup Whatsapp. Kendala utama dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring adalah buruknya koneksi internet. Dalam kondisi demikian, pembelajaran dengan percakapan grup Whatsapp merupakan alternatif yang baik. Untuk pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring ke depannya, mahasiswa menyarankan dosen untuk memperbanyak video pembelajaran, agar mahasiswa dapat menyimak penjelasan materi secara berulang-ulang.
Bed properties and three-dimensional topography from radar at Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica
Authors:   , Schlegel Rebecca
Published: May 2022

Outlet glaciers and ice streams of the Antarctic Ice Sheet provide dis-charge pathways, transporting >90% of the continents ice into the oceans. Elongated landforms beneath fast ﬂowing ice streams form as a result of ice-bed interactions. Understanding their link to ice ﬂow dynamics will better inform subglacial processes and allow these processes to be correctly implemented in predictive numerical ﬂow models, thus improving predictions of future contributions to sea level rise. In this thesis, a section of the bed of Rutford Ice Stream (West Antarctica), containing numerous elongated subglacial landforms, was analysed using a suite of 2D and 3D radar data with repeat surveys. Bed properties vary spatially over a 100 m scale and imply the pat-tern of inferred basal motion in this area is more complex, and basal sliding dominated areas are more extensive, than previously assumed. Local erosion rates are high (1 m/a), indicating a mobile bed, whereas most of the bed shows no temporal change, implying stability of the basal environment. Observations of landforms shortening, and previ-ous observations of landforms extending, highlight that landforms are a non-static part of the bed. Isolated landforms appear to consist of a more rigid sediment at their upstream end with softer sediment down-stream. Some landforms contain a water body (up to 10 km length) along their crest. 3D processed data reveal a so far unseen moat (de-pression) around one landform. Dimensions of the upstream part of the moat are comparable to dimensions of the upstream end of the landform (<50 m height, <300 m width). Observations suggest land-forms are depositional features, while the moat was likely eroded. The radar and other data analysed provide detailed landform and moat ar-chitecture, at a resolution comparable to digital elevation models of deglaciated terrain, and together with interpreted properties give a solid basis for testing existing landform formation theories.
Processo de inclusão escolar de uma aluna cega em aulas de Matemática
Authors: Borges Fabio , Mamcasz-Viginheski Lucia Virginia , Silva Sani De Carvalho Rutz da , Shimazaki Elsa Midori
Published: May 2022

O estudo objetiva compreender o processo de inclusão de uma aluna com deficiência visual em aulas de Matemática, em uma instituição da Educação Básica pública do estado do Paraná. A abordagem metodológica adotada é a pesquisa exploratória, com análise qualitativa de conteúdo, a partir de Bardin (2011).  Os encaminhamentos para as análises foram apoiados na teoria Histórico-Cultural de Vigotski e na teoria de assimilação por etapas de Galperin. A coleta de registro de dados foi realizada por meio de observações sistemáticas na turma em que a aluna se encontrava matriculada, junto com entrevistas semiestruturadas com o diretor do estabelecimento, a professora de Matemática e a aluna participante. Os resultados foram sistematizados em duas categorias: a) processos metodológicos e recursos didáticos utilizados no ensino de Matemática para a aluna com deficiência visual; b) processo de inclusão no ambiente escolar. Verificou-se que a instituição escolar investigada busca oferecer uma educação inclusiva, entretanto, muitos desafios e barreiras se fazem presentes na efetivação da inclusão da aluna, em específico, tais como: a superlotação da turma, a falta de formação dos professores para realizar o ensino inclusivo, a carência de materiais adaptados, a ausência de piso tátil na escola, além de outras formas de acessibilidade estrutural.
Subjetividade e aprendizagem matemática
Authors: Bezerra de Morais Marcelo , Phelipe Peixoto Jhonatan
Published: May 2022

Com este artigo, temos o propósito de elaborar compreensões sobre o conhecimento produzido em nível de pós-graduação stricto sensu no Brasil, até o ano de 2020, na esteira dos temas subjetividade e aprendizagem matemática. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa do tipo estado do conhecimento, que tem natureza básica, exploratória, de abordagem mista, e caráter bibliográfico. Com foco na produção em nível de pós-graduação, definimos como bases de dados a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações e o Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, e, a partir do percurso metodológico adotado, foram selecionados 17 trabalhos para compor o corpus da pesquisa. Os resultados desse estudo apontam uma grande concentração das produções na região Sul e Sudeste do país, e em programas da área de Educação. A produção é dispersa, havendo uma certa coesão quanto à natureza metodológica das pesquisas, posto que todas são qualitativas, mas sendo plurais no que tange aos temas abordados, referenciais teórico metodológicos, estratégias de produção dos dados e resultados. Ainda, é possível apontar que, apesar da importância da temática, o volume de trabalhos é pouco expressivo, permitindo indicar a necessidade de mais produções sobre a temática.
Psicologia, Psicologia da Educação ou Psicologia da Educação Matemática na formação inicial de professores de Matemática no Brasil?
Authors: Santos Elisângela Aparecida dos , Oenning Lucineia , Rodrigues Márcio Urel
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa inserida no contexto da formação inicial de professores de Matemática com o objetivo de compreender como a disciplina de Psicologia está explicitada nos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de licenciatura em Matemática no Brasil. Adotamos pressupostos da pesquisa qualitativa na modalidade documental, sendo o corpus constituído por 235 Projetos Pedagógicos de cursos de licenciatura em Matemática por meio da busca avançada no sistema e-MEC. Para direcionar à análise dos dados (ementas) recorremos à Análise de Conteúdo, que nos possibilitou a constituição de três categorias de análise: (i) Psicologia como Ciência, (ii) Psicologia da Educação e (iii) Psicologia no Ensino de Matemática. Identificamos 219 PPC que abordam pelo menos uma disciplina relacionada aos conhecimentos de Psicologia, o que equivale a 93,8% dos PPC. Destes, encontramos 243 disciplinas com ementas, sendo: 222 disciplinas, o que equivale a 91,4% do total referentes a Psicologia da Educação, 14 disciplinas referentes à Psicologia como Ciência e apenas sete disciplinas referentes à Psicologia no ensino de matemática. Com esses dados, sugerimos que, além das disciplinas de Psicologia e Psicologia da Educação, incorpore-se a disciplina de Psicologia da Educação Matemática na matriz curricular nos cursos de licenciatura em Matemática no Brasil, pois compreendemos que os conhecimentos de Psicologia precisam estar articulados com a Educação Matemática para contribuir com a formação de professores de Matemática.
The Influence of Vark Learning Style Towards Reading Comprehension of Third Year Students at SMAN 3 Kotabumi
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Riyadi Bagus Sugeng , Setiyadi Bambang ,   Universitas Lampung, Hasan Basturi ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: May 2022

The objective of this research was to find out the best style of VARK in reading comprehension. Subjects of this research were fifty eight third-year students of SMAN 3 Kotabumi. The data were collected through VARK questionnaires and the reading comprehension test. They were categorized according to their learning style by using VARK questionnaires and then their mean score of the reading comprehension test were compared. The aspects of reading comprehension were also analyzed to find out the best aspect of reading comprehension of each learning style group. The result showed that the mean score of read/write group was the highest among the others. This indicates that the read/write style is the best in reading comprehension.
Teaching English to Young Learners through Pictures in the Fifth Grade at SDN 4 Sumberjo Kemiling Bandar Lampung
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Juliyanto M Irham , Yufrizal Hery ,   Universitas Lampung, Sinaga Tuntun ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of pictures on the students’ speaking achievement. One group pre-test and post-test design was applied in this study. The subjects were 30 learners of Class 5B of SDN 4 Sumberejo Kemiling, Bandar Lampung. The data were collected through the pre-test and the post-test taking the form of oral tests. The result revealed that pictures had a statistically significant effect on the students’ speaking achievement with the significant level 0.05. In view of this, pictures apparently could be used to facilitate learners to improve their speaking.
Improving Students Reading Comprehension Through Information Gap Technique
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Sari Ita Retno , Nurweni Ari ,   Universitas Lampung, Nainggolan Flora ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: May 2022

The aims of the research were to find out the improvement of students’ reading comprehension after they were through by information gap technique. The research used one group pretest and posttest design. The reading test was used to collect the data. The datas were analyzed by using repeated measured T-test. The subjects of this study were 30 students from second grade students of SMAN 12 Bandar Lampung. The result showed that there was a statistically significant improvement of the students’ mean score between the pretest and the posttest with significant level p<0.05 (p=0.000). This suggests that information gap technique facilities the student to improve their reading comprehension achievement.
Model Bahan Ajar Matematika SMA Berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education untuk Mendukung Pencapaian Tujuan Pengajaran Matematika SMA di Provinsi Bengkulu
Authors: Haji Saleh
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh model bahan ajar matematika SMA berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) yang dapat mendukung pencapaian tujuan pengajaran matematika, yaitu pemahaman konsep, kemampuan pemecahan masalah, penalaran, komunikasi, dan sikap terhadap matematika. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah diperoleh model bahan ajar matematika SMA berbasis RME untuk mendukung pencapaian tujuan pengajaran matematika. Ketersetujuan responden terhadap model bahan ajar tersebut sebagai berikut: 1. Aspek materi sebesar 100% (Kelas X), 100% (Kelas XI), dan 95% (Kelas XII), 2. Aspek penyajian sebesar 95% (Kelas X), 95% (Kelas XI), dan 95% (Kelas XII), dan 3. Aspek bahasa dan keterbacaan sebesar 95% (Kelas X), 98% (Kelas XI), dan 100% (Kelas XII). Disarankan, agar guru matematika SMA di Provinsi Bengkulu menggunakan model bahan ajar matematika berbasis RME untuk mencapai tujuan pengajaran matematika.
Mengajar Kreativitas Dalam Profesionalisme Guru Matematika
Authors: C Jacob
Published: May 2022

Pengembangan guru matematika professional diyakini merupakan salah satu strategi yang sangat berguna untuk pendidikan matematika tentang pentingnya perubahan yang diperlukan yang dialamatkan kepada tantangan yang sangat mendesak yang dihadapi pendidikan matematika. Hal ini didukung dengan penelitian, “pengembangan professional guru adalah kritis terhadap reformasi pendidikan sistemik dan perbaikan sekolah yang terfokus pada mempertinggi hasil belajar untuk semua anak”( Bredeson dalam Jacob, 2008).
          Di samping itu, banyak penelitian dan penulisan pada kreativitas yang terfokus pada kreativitas individual, “bakat kuat” (“long genius”), yang kurang mendapat pengakuan dari faktor sosial dan kelompok yang mempengaruhi proses kreatif. Dengan demikian,  professionalisme mencoba untuk mengerti faktor-faktor yang diperlukan untuk  orang kreatif dan aktivitas orang kreatif. Jadi dalam kasus ini, personalitas, pengalaman perkembangan, kultur, motivasi dan keterampilan kognitif benar-benar merupakan beberapa faktor yang muncul untuk perilaku kreatif utama.
Konstruksi Objek Geometri Bidang Menggunakan Geogebra
Authors: Maryono Iyon
Published: May 2022

Objek geometri bidang didefinisikan sebagai himpunan titik-titik pada bidang. Objek-objek geometri merupakan hal yang abstrak, oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan media untuk memvisualisasikannya sehingga tampak lebih konkret. Dalam proses pembelajaran, langkah-langkah membuat sesuatu yang abstrak menjadi konkret sangat dibutuhkan untuk membantu peserta didik memahami materi pelajaran. Dengan kemajuan teknologi khususnya di bidang perangkat lunak komputer telah banyak dihasilkan perangkat lunak yang dapat dijadikan media pembelajaran. Salah satu media yang dapat memvisualisasikan objek-objek geometri bidang adalah GeoGebra. GeoGebra merupakan perangkat lunak matematika dinamis untuk geometri, khususnya geometri bidang. GeoGebra memiliki dua tampilan yaitu jendela geometri yang merepresentasikan bidang dan jendela aljabar yang merepresentasikan ekspresi aljabar dari setiap objek geometri yang dibuat pada jendela geometri. Pada GeoGebra pengguna bisa melakukan dua macam konstruksi geometri bidang, yaitu konstruksi GeoGebra dan konstruksi jangka penggaris GeoGebra. Yang dimaksud dengan konstruksi GeoGebra adalah konstruksi objek geometri bidang menggunakan alat-alat yang disediakan pada GeoGebra. Sedangkan konsrtuksi jangka penggaris GeoGebra adalah konstruksi objek geometri bidang dengan hanya menggunakan alat garis dan jangka yang merepresentasikan penggaris dan jangka. Makalah ini dibuat untuk menambah informasi tentang media pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan dalam materi geomerti bidang baik di tingkat sekolah maupun di tingkat perguruan tinggi.
Penerapan Asesmen Kinerja Untuk Mengukur Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Dan Kemandirian Belajar Siswa SMK
Authors: Gumiarti Hinda
Published: May 2022

This research is intended to study the improvement of mathematical communication ability problems and students’ learning activity independency thorough learning activity with performance assessment and also to gain students activity learning description in learning mathematics. The methodology of this research is the alloyment of qualitative data embedded into quantitative. The population of this research are 14 classes of XI yearstudents of SMK Negeri 1 Cianjur. And the sample are the XI year students of RPL 1 as experimental class and XI year students of TKJ 1 as control one. Its instrument is questions about mathematical communication ability and questionnaire of students’ learning independency scale, activity observation sheet, and students interview sheet. The result of this research is 1)The improvement of students mathematical communication ability which use the performance assessment better than those who learn the material with conventional one; 2) There is some improvement of mathematical communication ability with performance assessment; 3)The students are actively involved in learning process with performance assessment
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Dan Koneksi Matematis Peserta Didik Melalui Problem Based Learning
Authors: Setiawati Keuis Letti
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out the students’ mathematics connection and comprehension ability in which problem based learning is used in learning process to increase the students’ mathematic connection comprehension ability since it is better than conventional method according to the learning class and Early Mathematic Ability(EMA). Besides, the experiment with group design control pretest-posttest and Embedded Conkuren strategy are used as a research method; it is qualitative method utilized into quantitative method. The population of this research is all of the eleventh science students of SMAN 1 Tasikmalaya 2014. Then, it will be selected only two classes which become a sample in this researchaccomplished by using random sampling. Research instrument consists of questions of the students’ mathematic connection and comprehension ability, and the observation sheet of the students and the teacher’s activity. In addition, T test and two ways ANOVA test are used as a quantitative analysis data and it will be continued by using Scheffe test. Analizing qualitatively is accomplished to the students and the teacher’s activity. The acquired conclusion from this research is 1) using problem based learning is better than conventional method to improve the students’ mathematics comprehension ability generally and Early Mathematic Ability(EMA), 2) using problem based learning is better than conventional method to improve the students’ mathematics connection and Early Mathematic Ability(EMA), 3) there is correlation between the students’ mathematics connection and comprehension ability, 4) the students and the teacher’s activity is improve in every meeting in accomplishing mathematics learning by using problem based learning method.
Desain Instruksi Dan Soal Dengan Matematika Sesuai Variasi Individu Siswa Pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear
Authors: Rokhayah Lilis
Published: May 2022

Pembelajaran matematika dengan modul dalam penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah untuk menuangkan seberapa efektifkah instruksi dan desain permasalahan matematika yang tertuang dalam soal matematika terhadap tingkat pemahaman konsep dan penalaran peserta didik. Guru perlu mengkaji preferensi belajar setiap peserta didik dengan memberikan pengajaran yang berbeda (differentiated  instruction) pada setiap pembelajaran matematika yang diberikan di kelas. Penentuan desain instruksi dan penyajian soal dalam matematika merupakan kunci awal sebagai usaha guru meningkatkan kualitas dan penalaran peserta didik. Tesis ini membahas rancangan penyajian instruksi dan soal yang bervariasi pada kompetensi Sistem Persamaan Linear di level SMK. Penulisan berfokus pada bagaimana membuat instruksi dan desain soal dengan modul untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep variabel, prinsip mengubah bentuk, menafsirkan permasalahan dan model ke dalam sistem persamaan linear serta meningkatkan penalaran dan kelancaran berprosedur. Setiap peserta didik dapat memilih instruksi sesuai dengan minat, potensi yang dimiliki, keberagaman kecerdasan (multiple intelligences) dan aspek lain dari keunikan peserta didik.
Perbandingan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Yang Mendapatkan Metode Pembelajaran PSI Dengan Konvensional
Authors: Mubarika Melinda Putri
Published: May 2022

This research used two models of learning they were methods personalized system of instruction (PSI) and the conventional learning models. This paper about contains a study on the comparison of mathematical concept understanding ability improvement among students who get a personalized system of instruction (PSI) methods with the conventional learning models. The results of this research, that increased the ability of understanding the mathematical concepts among students who get the personalized system of instruction methods learning is better than students who get conventional learning models. The attitudes of students about personalized system of instruction methods learning a positive indicated attitude and good interpretation.
Aikuisväestön suositeltavien ruokavalintojen toteutuminen karttoina
Authors: Härkänen Tommi , Tapanainen Heli , Mäntymaa Petteri , Sares-Jäske Laura , Kaartinen Niina , Männistö Satu , Paalanen Laura , Valsta Liisa
Published: May 2022

Terveyden edistämisen ravitsemukselliset tukipilarit on ravintoainetason suositusten lisäksi kiteytetty niin Suomessa kuin kansainvälisesti tiettyjen ravitsemuksellisesti tärkeiden ruokaaineiden käyttösuosituksiksi. Nämä ruokasuositukset ovat pääasiassa määrällisiä, mutta sisältävät myös laadullisia suosituksia ruoankäyttöön. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli kuvata karttoina suositeltavien ruokavalintojen toteutumisen alueellisia eroja aikuisilla 2010-luvulla.
Karttamallinnuksessa käytettiin väestötutkimusten (Terveys 2011, FINRISKI 2012, FinTerveys 2017) aineistoja, joissa ruoankulutus on mitattu validoitua frekvenssikyselyä käyttäen. Suositeltavia ruokavalintoja kuvattiin ruoankäyttöindeksillä, jossa pisteytettiin kasvisten, hedelmien ja marjojen, ruisleivän, kalan sekä punaisen lihan ja lihavalmisteiden käyttömäärät. Maitovalmisteiden käytön indikaattorina pisteytettiin energian saantiin suhteutettu kalsiumin saanti. Rasvan laatua kuvattiin tyydyttyneen rasvan osuutena energiasta. Lisäksi pisteytettiin suolan saanti. Tilastolliset analyysit perustuvat 10x10 km karttaruutuaineistoon ja Besag-York-Mollie -regressiomalliin. Jokaiselle karttaruudulle laskettiin ikävakioidut ruoka-aineryhmien ja ruoankäyttöindeksin ennustekeskiarvot.
Suomalaisten ruoankäytössä havaittiin alueellisia eroja. Sekä ruoankäyttöindeksillä että seitsemällä ruoka-aineryhmällä arvioituna suositeltavat ruokavalinnat toteutuivat useimmin pääkaupunkiseudulla ja suurimmissa kaupungeissa, naisilla erityisesti Helsingin ja Kuopion ympäristöissä. Matalimpia ruoankäyttöindeksin kokonaispistemääriä löytyi Länsi- ja Pohjois-Suomesta. Tulokset ovat tarkimmat suurimmissa kaupungeissa, joissa havaintoaineisto on suurin.
Tuloksemme osoittivat selviä eroja maakuntien sisällä useiden ruoka-aineryhmien osalta. Karttamallinnus kuvaa selkeästi suositeltavien ruokavalintojen alueellisia eroja, jotka eivät noudata hallinnollisia rajoja, ja joiden ymmärtämiseksi tarvitaan lisää sosiodemografisia taustatekijöitä. Mallinnuksen tarkkuus paranee, kun aineistot ovat suuria ja kattavat koko maan, mikä toivottavasti huomioidaan tulevissa väestötutkimuksissa.
Koulutuksen yhteydet ravintoaineiden saantiin ja ravitsemussuositusten saavuttamiseen miehillä ja naisilla
Authors: Haario Peppi , Tapanainen Heli , Kortetmäki Teea , Sares-Jäske Laura , Kaartinen Niina E , Valsta Liisa
Published: May 2022

Sosioekonomiset terveyserot ovat säilyneet Suomessa suurina. Väestön terveyden tiedetään olevan huonompi alemmissa kuin ylemmissä koulutusryhmissä. Merkittävänä terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin edistäjänä pidetään terveellistä ravitsemusta. Tämä tutkimus selvitti aikuisväestön elintarvikeryhmien ja ravintoaineiden saannin eroja sekä ravintoaineiden saantilähteitä miehillä ja naisilla eri koulutusryhmissä. Lisäksi tarkasteltiin eroja ravitsemussuositukset saavuttavien osuuksissa sekä pohdittiin tulosten merkitystä eriarvoisuuden kannalta.
Aineistona käytettiin Manner-Suomessa asuvan aikuisväestön ruoankäyttöä ja ravinnonsaantia kartoittavaa FinRavinto 2017 -tutkimusta, joka toteutettiin osana valtakunnallisesti edustavaa FinTerveys 2017 -tutkimusta (n= 10247) 50 tutkimuspaikkakunnalla (30 % otoksesta, 18–74 -vuotiaat). Lopullisen tutkimusaineiston muodostivat henkilöt, joilta saatiin 24 tunnin ruoankäyttöhaastattelulla hyväksytysti kerättyä kahden erillisen päivän ruoankäyttötiedot (n=1655). Kaikki analyysit tehtiin sukupuolittain (naiset 53 %, miehet 47 %). Tilastollisina menetelminä käytettiin lineaarista regressioanalyysia ja SPADE-mallinnusmenetelmää (the Statistical Program to Assess Dietary Exposure).
Ravintoaineiden saannissa ja ravitsemussuositukset saavuttavien osuuksissa havaittiin koulutusryhmittäisiä eroja. Miehet ylittivät punaisen ja prosessoidun lihan käyttösuositukset selvästi naisia useammin kaikissa koulutusluokissa; naisilla käyttösuositukset ylittyivät selvästi yleisemmin alimmin koulutetuilla, kun taas miehillä keskitasoisesti koulutetut ylittivät käyttösuositukset alimmin koulutettuja useammin. Ylimmin koulutetut miehet ja naiset saavuttivat folaatin ja C-vitamiinin keskimääräisen tarpeen alimmin koulutettuja useammin, kuten myös kasvisten, hedelmien ja marjojen käyttösuositukset.
Tutkimustulosten avulla voidaan paremmin suunnitella ja kohdentaa ravitsemusinterventioita niitä tarvitseviin väestöryhmiin, jotta väestöryhmittäiset erot ravitsemuksessa ja sitä kautta terveydessä kaventuisivat. Esimerkiksi ravitsemusta ohjaavien politiikkatoimien ja ravitsemusneuvonnan oikeanlainen kohdentaminen edellyttää parempaa ymmärrystä ruokailutottumuksiin vaikuttavien sosiokulttuuristen tekijöiden yhteyksistä sukupuoleen ja koulutukseen sekä taloudellisten ja tietotaidollisten resurssien merkityksestä terveelliselle syömiselle eri väestöryhmissä.
Asuinalueen sosioekonomisen huono-osaisuuden yhteys lapsiperheiden ruokavalion laatuun
Authors: Lagström Hanna , Tarro Saija , Lahdenperä Mirkka
Published: May 2022

Ruokatottumukset siirtyvät sukupolvelta toiselle. Lasten syntymä saattaa olla otollinen kohta vanhemmille muuttaa omaa ruokakäyttäytymistään parempaan suuntaan. Alueelliset erot voivat kuitenkin rajoittaa lapsiperheiden mahdollisuuksia ruokakäyttäytymisen muuttamiseen.
Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää äidin ja isän ruokavalioiden samankaltaisuutta erilaisilla asuinalueilla raskausajalta lapsen esikouluikään saakka sekä asuinalueen sosioekonomisen huonoosaisuuden (tästä lähtien asuinalueen huono-osaisuus) yhteyttä vanhempien ruokavalion muutoksiin. Lisäksi selvitimme vanhempien ja lapsen ruokavalioiden yhteyttä erilaisilla asuinalueilla.
Tutkimusaineisto muodostui Hyvän kasvun avaimet-seurantatutkimuksen perheistä, joihin lapset (n=1805) syntyivät vuosina 2008–2010. Vanhempien ruokavalion laatua selvitettiin ravitsemussuositusten mukaisen, terveyttä edistävän ruokavalion toteutumista kuvaavalla ravintomittarilla (Index of Diet Quality, IDQ) raskausviikolla 30 sekä lapsen 2 vuoden ja 5 vuoden iässä (n=558-890 aikapisteestä riippuen). Lasten ruokavalion laatua kartoitettiin vanhempien täyttämällä kyselylomakkeella 2 vuoden (n=726) ja 5 vuoden iässä (n=611).Asuinalueen huono-osaisuuden mittari perustui asuinalueen väestön keskimääräisiin vuosituloihin, työttömyysasteeseen ja koulutustasoon Tilastokeskuksen 250 m x 250 m ruututietokannasta.
Äitien ja isien ruokavalion laatu oli parempi hyväosaisilla alueilla verrattuna huono-osaisilla alueilla asuviin. Äitien ruokavalion laatu heikkeni seuranta-aikana jonkin verran kummallakin asuinalueella asuvilla. Isillä ruokavalion laadussa ei tapahtunut muutoksia seuranta-aikana. Vanhempien ruokavalion laadun yhteys lasten ruokavalion laatuun oli samanlainen molemmilla asuinalueilla.
Hyväosaiset asuinalueet voivat tarjota terveellisempiä ruokaympäristöjä verrattuna huonompiosaisiin asuinalueisiin, mikä voi johtaa terveyserojen kasvuun lapsiperheissä. Tuloksia on mahdollista hyödyntää sekä kaupunkisuunnittelussa että rakentamisessa ja siten vähentää eriarvoisuutta ja edistää terveyttä.
Frauen, geht in Führung! 90 Tage Führungsmuskeltraining
Authors: Tychsen Janine
Published: May 2022

Wie kommen Frauen in Führungspositionen? Dieses Buch sprengt Klischees und regt zum Perspektivwechsel an. Um das “Warum-ist-das-alles-so?” dürfen sich andere kümmern. Führungsmuskeltraining richtet seine Aufmerksamkeit auf das Hier und Jetzt und wie jede mit ihrer Persönlichkeit Führung gestalten kann. Die Autorin legt die Verantwortung für die eigene Karriere in die Hände jeder einzelnen Frau.
DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AND PARENTS’ COMMUNICATIVE ACTS: THEIR IMPLICATIONS ON MODELS OF CHILD’S USE OF LANGUAGE
Authors: Santos Rafael Ibe
Published: May 2022

This case study investigated Halliday’s models of child’s use of language involving an English-Filipino bilingual boy and how he was influenced by certain demographic factors and parents’ communicative acts. Data was from nine videos that captured the child’s naturally occurring interactions involving his parents and family friends between the ages 2.6 and 4.10 within a span of almost three years. The multimethod approach was used in analyzing data, namely, qualitative frequency analysis and online interview for triangulation purposes. Five of the seven functions of language in children were demonstrated and appeared to have been influenced by ethnicity, age, gender, and parents’ communicative acts and attitude but not by bilingualism as earlier predicted. More importantly, four nascent models were exhibited, suggesting that there could be more than seven language functions in children as previously posited by Halliday. The esteem function, rescue function, corrective function, and asserting function, reflective of models of child’s use of language in Filipino and Asian contexts, were discovered and such typologies are proposed in this study. Findings have implications on bilingualism, language teaching, and language development theories.
PERCEPTION OF ISLAMIC CULTURAL POLICY IN BURUNDI
Authors: Ntamwana Simon
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper was to examine the perception of Islamic religious cultural policy in Burundi. The research focused on the perception of culture-shaping policies based on Islam by Burundians. The discussion of the views of informants was based on Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas’ approach to Islam and secularism. Primary data were collected from 40 university Christian students through questionnaires. The subjects included undergraduates and postgraduates studying in the Department of Languages and Social Sciences at Ecole Normale Supérieure. Secondary data were obtained from books, policy documents, and internet resources. It was found out that Christians in Burundi do not desire the Islamic cultural policy that is applied in Islamic States due mostly to its relation to radicalism and terrorism and the rejection of Christianism as a divinely revealed religion. Additionally, it was found out that some habits and practices among Muslims such as marrying many women, growing beard, and the secret bathing of the bodies of dead Muslims generate a negative perception of Islam. However, some values and arts that are practiced among Burundi Muslims such as women veiling, fashion, cookery, knitting, and embroidery are highly appreciated.
From the CEO perspective: Critical competencies for effective performance
Authors: Troilo Fernando
Published: May 2022

The principal aim of this research has been to identify the critical competencies required for effective performance in the position of CEO in subsidiaries of multinational companies from the perspective of the players themselves. Eleven critical skills have been identified; the most significant of them are communication and interpersonal relationships, using a qualitative approach consisting of interviews with thirty CEOs.
La Gestión del Ecoturismo como Vía de Contribución al Desarrollo Local de Cuando Cubango, Angola
Authors: Ezaquias José Eduardo
Published: May 2022

Este artículo asume que la definición de procedimientos para la gestión del ecoturismo aún es compleja en función de nuevas tecnologías, nuevos productos, escasez de materia prima, insuficiencias del conocimiento, habilidad y la penetración en el mercado. Los procedimientos son adoptados como mecanismos para aprovechar el potencial natural y cultural y el creciente interés por la vida silvestre, gestionar progresos comunitarios y enriquecer los atributos para generar desarrollo sostenible, a partir de un proceso sistémico y participativo. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo diseñar un procedimiento para la gestión del ecoturismo que contribuya al desarrollo local de Cuando Cubango, Angola. Para validar las etapas del procedimiento de gestión y la capacidad de alcance de sus componentes, se utilizó el método criterio de expertos, que resultó en una clasificación de 98 % traducido en alta pertinencia para la provincia de Cuando Cubango.
Diseñando el acceso abierto al conocimiento, herramienta educativa en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Reyes Gallegos Artemisa Margarita , López López Víctor Manuel
Published: May 2022

The capacity for adaptation and human reinvention was affirmed as extraordinary potential for resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Education suddenly migrated to the use of technology and virtual and distance activities, where internet is quantitatively and qualitatively a fundamental tool for the development of a most part of the educational process, however, there is an evident digital gap, not only because of access to the network, but also the way and the devices available. The academic community takes advantage of open science to transmit information and knowledge in the face of the global challenge. Access to information, a fundamental pillar in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, is the mechanism that allows the free flow of information and promotes the protection of human rights such as education. However, in the face of the “new normality” it is urgent to rethink the organization of learning, its methodology, the purposes of education, reflect on alternative and possible futures that promote the right of access to knowledge and reduce the differences in science, technology, humanities, arts, and innovation. A functional solution can be the design of open access knowledge strategies that lead to more open, accessible, efficient, democratic, and transparent information.
Trata y explotación sexual comercial de niñas, niños y adolescentes en las regiones de los estados de Puebla - Tlaxcala
Authors:   , Juárez Antonio Abigail
Published: May 2022

En el presente trabajo de investigación describiré el marco referencial que determinó la investigación y el proceso que se llevó a cabo para su elaboración. Recopilando las consideraciones teóricas para su desarrollo. Este marco permitirá dilucidar las ideas y finalidades de dicho proyecto. En el primer capítulo se presenta la descripción de los factores, que representa la trata con fines de explotación sexual en los Estados de Tlaxcala y Puebla, considerados desde la década de los 70 como cunas de este enorme problema. La explotación sexual comercial de niñas, niños y adolescentes, se presentó como una preocupación internacional plasmada en el protocolo de Palermo, de 1996, donde se lleva a cabo el primer congreso en contra de este fenómeno que afecta principalmente a los niños del mundo, y donde se establecieron los lineamientos para su prevención, erradicación y disminución del número de víctimas a nivel mundial. En el segundo capítulo se realiza el análisis de la situación y gran problemática que representa la trata con fines de explotación sexual comercial de niñas, niños y adolescentes en México, y de lo cual existen estudios por parte de los organismos internacionales, y organizaciones no gubernamentales que reflejan el aumento que ha tenido el delito a nivel nacional, estudios como el de la Dra. Elena Azaola de 20031 donde presenta información que resulta indispensable analizar y tomar medidas para el control de la explotación sexual. En el tercer capítulo nos enfocaremos a la regulación legal, es decir; al contexto jurídico que desarrolla el estado mexicano al problema que representa la trata con fines de explotación sexual de niñas, niños y adolescentes. Y de igual manera se estable las deficiencias por las cuales el país se ha convertido en origen, tránsito, y destino de niños víctimas de este delito. De igual manera se describirán los conceptos primarios que tienen una amplia relación con la explotación sexual comercial de niños, por ser parte de la misma violencia en que pueden estar atrapados los menores. Finalmente se explicará el marco legal penal en que se analiza la prevención y posibles soluciones que ha incrementado el estado mexicano. En el cuarto capítulo se realizará un análisis de la trata con fines de explotación comercial de niños, niñas y adolescentes en los estados de Tlaxcala y Puebla. Se describirán, los factores que influyen directa e indirectamente para que se lleve a cabo la explotación sexual, como: el maltrato intrafamiliar, la violencia física, la violencia verbal, abandono, etc., también se analizarán los factores económicos y sociales que han sido de suma importancia para que en los municipios de Tlaxcala y los municipios colindantes con el estado de Puebla. Donde por su demarcación geográfica tan cercana, comparten esta problemática.
De las funciones manifiestas a las funciones latentes del sistema de justicia penal en México en tiempos de totalitarismo financiero
Authors:   , Juárez Hernández Daniel
Published: May 2022

El objetivo general de la presente investigación fue rastrear o, en su caso, descubrir, las funciones latentes del sistema de justicia penal en México en el marco de poder actual, a partir de las funciones manifiestas en la normativa mexicana. En el capítulo I se desarrolla el marco teórico central de toda la investigación: se explica qué se entiende por funciones manifiestas y por funciones latentes, en términos de Robert K. Merton en Teoría y estructura sociales, principalmente; De todas las acepciones que pueda tener el término funciones, Robert K. Merton advierte qué debe entenderse por funciones: procesos vitales para un sistema. Es un tema propio de la sociología funcionalista pero que, por más años que hayan pasado desde su planteamiento, se actualiza en México en estos tiempos, con relación a su propio sistema de justicia penal, lo cual se analiza desde el enfoque de la teoría y criminología críticas. En un segundo capítulo se evidencia el marco de poder actual: totalitarismo financiero; esto coadyuvó a rastrear las funciones latentes con apego a la realidad que vivimos actualmente, tanto en el planeta como en la región, es decir, nuestros países latinoamericanos. Y es que si no sabemos bajo qué marco de poder estamos en pleno siglo XXI, bajo qué sistema se desarrolla la sociedad actual, corremos el riesgo de identificar funciones fuera de lugar, inexistentes o hacer conclusiones impertinentes, incoherentes o simplemente demenciales. El capítulo III se centró en las funciones manifiestas, en términos de Merton, es decir, las consecuencias objetivas para el sistema y que son esperadas; en este capítulo se rastrearon las funciones manifiestas de prevención del delito, persecución y represión del delincuente, y reinserción social, del sistema de justicia penal en la normativa jurídica vigente para México: en Instrumentos Internacionales, en la Constitución mexicana y, finalmente, en diversas leyes secundarias. En el capítulo IV, se rastreas y, en su caso, descubren, las funciones latentes del sistema de justicia penal en México en el marco de poder actual, a partir de las funciones que se declaran: prevención del delito, persecución y represión del delincuente, y reinserción social.
TEMPLUM IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD: BETWEEN SECULARIZATION AND NIHILISM
Authors: Šerpytytė Rita
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the concept and image of templum and its transformations in a globalized world. The starting point of the analysis is the ambiguity that could be disclosed in the functioning of the concept of sacrum. The concept of profanation is directly related with the negative aspect of the sacrum. Thus, the ambiguity of the act of profanation can be also seen in cases of the conversion of sanctuaries into «public institutions» in the Soviet period. The analysis will focus on the gesture of profanation, which will be elucidated through the case of the de-consecration and re-consecration of the Vilnius Cathedral.
El discurso razonado (λόγῳ διεξελθών) frente al discurso en forma de mitos (μῦθον λέγων) en el Protágoras de Platón.
Authors: Rojas Jiménez Alejandro
Published: May 2022

La presente investigación analiza el ἔλεγχος en el Protágoras de Platón en sus distintos momentos (la concessio y su revelación a partir del recurso al interlocutor anónimo (tis)) para mostrar que el objetivo profundo del diálogo no es la refutación de Protágoras, sino mostrarlo como alguien empeñado (σπεύδοντι) en lo contrario y sin la virtud necesaria para el discurso razonado (λόγῳ διεξελθών) propio del arte cívico (πολιτικὴν τέχνην), frente al cual el sofista prefiere el aplaudido discurso bello y largo en forma de mito (μῦθον λέγων) que olvida la pregunta pertinente: ti estín.
Maskom en el Teatro Soho Caixabank. Un ensayo de retórica visual
Authors: García Postigo Mateo , Aguilar Jiménez Juan
Published: May 2022

Las ilustraciones creadas para la campaña publicitaria de la marca Maskom para Teatro Soho Caixabank, es el objetivo de este ejercicio de ensayo visual, Una colección de retóricas visuales, compuestas a través de la combinación de elementos comestibles transformados, escalados y reinterpretados basados en la historia del teatro, a través de la selección de un conjunto de obras representativas.

Maskom Supermercados es una franquicia histórica de Málaga que, en su condición de patrocinador, se publicita en las redes sociales del teatro a través de estas imágenes que hacen convivir dos marcas de ámbitos bien distintos –el sector agroalimentario y el cultural– sin dejar de ofrecer un contenido exigente, en su desarrollo gráfico y enfoque conceptual, y entretenido. Esta propuesta gráfica desrarollada por Narita Estudio reúne, bajo el título “Historia del Teatro” mas de 20 ilustraciones –de las que se muestran en este ensayo doce– como un conjunto de metáforas, elipsis y juegos de retórica visual.
WE versus Us: Dystopias in Russia, China, and Maybe the USA
Authors: Clemens, Jr. Walter C.
Published: May 2022

Evgeny Zamyatin’s novel WE, blocked from publication by Soviet censors in 1921, has been published in several translations since the 1920s – most recently in 2021. An inspiration for Orwell’s 1984, WE anticipated many features of the totalitarian dictatorships that emerged under Mussolini, Stalin, and Hitler and have reemerged in Communist China and Putin’s Russia, and may be taking root in the United States and other Western countries where modern technologies bolster government capacities to watch and control one another and their subjects. This essay highlights parts of WE as rendered in a fresh translation and suggests how it illuminates some trends in today’s world. It also offers snapshots of dystopias in recent Russian and Chinese science fiction – many of which warn of a totalitarian future. The Russian snapshots are supplemented with an analysis of what the magazine GQ Rossiia in February 2022 termed the eight controversial books everyone must read – beginning with Zamyatin’s WE and ending with several dystopian novels by American writers such as The Giver by Lois Lowry. Most of the eight are dystopian. None is primed to encourage young Russians to adopt a fight-for-the fatherland outlook determined to wipe out Ukrainian traitors. The upshot: Zamyatin and Orwell predicted our realities more accurately than, say, Walt Whitman or even Jack London.