bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Prediction Model for Phytoplankton Abundance Based on Relevance Vector Machine
Authors: Xie Zheng Chao , Lou In Chio , Ung Wai Kin , Mok Kai Meng
Published: December 2011

Freshwater algal bloom is caused by rapid increases or accumulations of phytoplankton abundance due to the excess of nutrients in eutrophic lakes or reservoirs. The population dynamics in such ecosystem is difficult to explain and predict due to the high non-linearity of the relationship between phytoplankton abundance and water variables. Thus the capacity of model is a crucial point for system simulation and information abstraction about the target ecosystem. Recently relevance vector machine (RVM) has been reported to be able to work more effectively with simpler algorithm, faster convergence and better accuracy than other prediction approaches, such as artificial neural network (ANN). This work for the first time adopts the RVM to develop a prediction model for phytoplankton abundance given ten water parameters including temperature, turbidity, conductivity, nitrate, total nitrogen (TN), orthophosphate (PO43-), total phosphorus (TP), TN/TP, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and water level in Macau Reservoir. The measured data are used to test and validate the model for predicting the phytoplankton abundance. The preliminary results show that the RVM based model is feasible in understanding the algal bloom problem and simulating the onset of algal bloom caused by phytoplankton abundance, thus providing a useful guide for practical algal bloom control.
Anonymous Authentication for Smart Grid Communications
Authors: Chueh Tung Hung , Tseng Huei Ru
Published: December 2011

The smart grid is a network of computers and power infrastructures that monitor and manage energy usage and uses intelligent transmission and distribution networks to deliver electricity for improving the electric system’s reliability and efficiency. With grid controls, energy transmission management could be enhanced and resilience to control-system failures would be increased. Processing chips and storage units have been embedded into traditional electricity meters, so that they are capable of performing smart functions, called smart meters. Then, smart meters communicate with electrical appliances at home as well as the generation and management facilities at the power companies. Although deploying the smart grid has numerous social and technical benefits, several security and privacy concerns arise. Attackers might compromise smart meters, eavesdrop the communication, or hack into the power company’s database, to access power consumption data of the victim, from which they learn about the victim’s daily activities. Recently, various security and privacy vulnerabilities and threats have been studied in the research literature, however, most of the problems remain yet to be addressed. Therefore, it is crucial to design secure smart grid communication protocols that could prevent all possible security vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose an anonymous authentication protocol for securing communication among various smart meters of the smart grid. The proposed protocol can achieve key agreement between smart meters and fully protect user privacy with low computation overhead. In addition, the analysis shows that the proposed protocol can satisfy the desirable security requirements and resist several notorious attacks.
The Research of Supplementary Devices for Pitching Training of Baseball
Authors: Huang Chen Chih , Chen Yu Fen
Published: December 2011

This research reviewed the relevant patents on supporting devices for pitching training of baseball in order to comprehend the latest research progress of supplementary devices for pitching training of baseball nowadays. We hope the technical level in pitching training of baseball will be promoted by providing this research for employees in the professional baseball industry for reference.
Economic Design of a Combined Continuous Lot by Lot Acceptance Sampling Plan under the Quality Investment
Authors: Chen Chung Ho
Published: December 2011

In this study, the economic selection of quality investment for designing a combined continuous lot by lot acceptance sampling plan with average outgoing quality limit (AOQL) protection is proposed. Both the mean and the standard deviation of the process are measured as an exponential function of the quality investment. The optimal combination of parameters for single and continuous sampling plan and the quality investment level is jointly determined by minimizing the expected total cost of product under the specified AOQL value.
Analysis of Brainwave Characteristic Frequency Bands for Logic Reasoning
Authors: Kao Fu Chien , Jhong Jian Hao , Wang Chih Hong
Published: December 2011

The traditional E-learning often offers the online examination to assess the learning effect of a student after completion of the online learning. Basically, this traditional learning assessment mechanism is a passive and negative assessment mechanism, which cannot provide an real-time learning warning mechanism for teachers or students to find out problems as early as possible (including such learning conditions as “absence of mind” resulting from poor learning stage or physical or psychological factor), and the post-assessment mechanism also cannot assess the learning effectiveness provided by the online learning system. This research paper attempts to acquire the electroencephalogram to analyze the characteristic frequency bands of the brainwave related to learning and formulate the learning energy for the learner at the time when the learner is reasoning logically via the proposed brain-wave detector based on the cognitive neuroscience. With the analysis of characteristic frequency bands, the physical and psychological conditions of an online leaner can be provided instantly for teachers for assessment. Given that the learning system is integrated into the proposed brainwave analytic sensing component, the system not only can provide learners an instant learning warming mechanism, but also help teachers and learning partners to further understand the causes of learning disorder of learners, and can also provide relevant learning members with timely care and encouragement.
Integration of Kano Model into TOPSIS Method for Effective Product Assessment
Authors: Chen Chun Chih , Lin Yang Cheng
Published: December 2011

Understanding and fulfilling customer needs are well recognized as thecritical factor forsuccessful product. To resolve the trade-offs dilemma in multi-criteria decision making, we present aframework that integrates Kano model, FAHP and TOPSIS to assist decision makers in understandingcustomer requirements and help effectively rank products. By using Kano model analysis, it guidesthe prioritizing of multiple attributes, leading to higher customer satisfaction. To verify the proposedapproach forMCDM, an empirical case for ranking kitchen faucet designs is illustrated and validated.
A SOA-Based Reconfigurable Manufacturing Execution System for a Tools Workshop
Authors: Tao Wei , Zhang Li Ping , Sang Hong Yan
Published: December 2011

Aimed at the current characteristics and the requirements of a aircraft tools workshop, the uncertainty and diversity of the market requires that the MES of the aircraft tools workshop has the ability of reconfiguration and reusability. Because the service oriented architecture(SOA) has the good characteristics of loose coupling, reusable service, standardized service interface, etc, the paper proposes a SOA-based reconfigurable manufacturing execution system(MES), the paper also puts forward the technical route of the construction and implementation of the SOA-based MES. Then, in order to overcome the current drawbacks of the existing algorithms for the function module of manufacturing resource planning, an improved hybrid effective general particle swarm optimization(GPSO) has been developed to solve the open shop scheduling problem(OSSP) which is abstracted from the scheduling problem of the aircraft tools workshop. Based on the optimization mechanism of the traditional particle swarm optimization(PSO), improved GPSO algorithm changes the method of initialization population and its crossover and mutation operations of GPSO. Several benchmark problems have been used to verify the feasibility and performance of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm accelerates the convergence and improves the quality of the OSSP solution.
High-Efficiency CTS Charge Pump Using Three-Level Addressing Method
Authors: Chen Yung Chin , Zheng Kun Long , Wu Zong Ye , Chang Kai Wei , Lai Chie Nan
Published: December 2011

This paper proposes a new addressing method for high-efficiency switching-capacitor DC-DC voltage converter based on combination of CTS (charge-transfer-switch) charge pump and cross-coupled output stage is proposed in order to get a high output power and pump-efficiency. By using three level addressing methods, it can increase both of pump-efficiency and power-efficiency. The proposed three level addressing mixed-structure charge pump can operate at as high as 1MHz switching-frequency on the 0.1 μF pump-capacitors. Simulation by using HSPICE level 3 model shows that our work can convert the input low DC-voltage (Vin=1.5V) up near to 11.26 times of it (VOUT=16.9V), so that more output power can be generated with a little power loss. The newly proposed addressing method for DC-DC charge pump circuit is suitable for various low-voltage applications.
Robust Flight Control System Design with Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller
Authors: Huang Y.J. , Kuo T.C. , Chen C. Y. , Hong B.W. , Wu P. C.
Published: December 2011

This paper presents a robust proportional-derivative (PD) based cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) for vertical take-off and landing flight control systems. It is known that PD control is a simple and effective control method. However, it does not ensure the robustness if it is used alone for uncertain systems. CMAC can be used for robust control. However, it requires training patterns for tuning some weighting factors. A novel CMAC incorporating with a PD controller design is proposed in this paper. Successful on-line training and recalling process of CMAC accompanying the PD controller was developed. The advantage of the proposed method is mainly the robust tracking performance against aerodynamic parametric variation and external wind gust. Even when the PD controller is not designed well, the CMAC is capable of doing a robust tracking control through on-line recalling and training procedures.
Adaptive RFID Indoor Positioning Technology for Wheelchair Home Health Care Robot
Authors: Huang Y.J. , Hong B.W. , Wu P. C. , Chen W. C.
Published: December 2011

In this paper, we propose an adaptive radio frequency identification (RFID) indoor positioning system technology for wheelchair home health care robot with wireless communication. The proposed RFID positioning system uses one reader and four tags which is low cost when applying in a large space of the indoor environment. It reduces the measured calculation by using multiple RFID tags instead of multiple RFID readers. While the measured experimental RFID data found with error leading to signal changes in different environmental parameters, we developed the adaptive fuzzy neural network technology to adjust the measurement data. Through the compensation of the measurement error, the actual wheelchair robot location-based application could be performed to overcome the uncertain environmental parameters. The positioning system provides very good accuracy and make home health care wheelchair robot positioning system available for navigation and guidance.
The Vibration Analysis of Bone Conduction for Bone-Anchored Hearing Aids: In Vivo Human Temporal Bone
Authors: Yu Jen Fang , Wei Zi Xiang , Chen Chin Kuo , Chen Ching I
Published: December 2011

This study constructed a 3D finite element model of temporal bone non-invasively, based on the computed tomography scan image of anin vivotemporal bone. To observe the geometry and measurements of the temporal bone, the finite element model was built using ANSYS®. The finite element model involved two phases. The first phase entailed discussing the natural vibration frequencies and vibration mode of the temporal bone. The second phase involved investigating the harmonic response. The base center and center line were established in the external auditory meatus and the 0 degree direction, respectively. The amplitude force was applied along the center line and at 15 degrees from center line and at distances of 30 mm, 35 mm, and 40 mm from the center point of ear canal. The amplitude of the bone-anchored hearing aids was approximately 550 g when stimulated by the vibrator. This paper discusses the frequency responses and characteristics of the BAHA vibrator on the mastoid of the temporal bone at the frequencies of 125 Hz, 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 750 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 3 kHz, 4 kHz, 5 kHz, 6 kHz, 7 kHz, 8 kHz. Based on the results of conducting modal analysis of the temporal bone, 11 natural frequencies, 125 Hz, 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 750 Hz, 1 k Hz, 2 kHz, 3 kHz, 4 kHz, 5 kHz, 6 kHz, and 7 kHz, included the stimuli frequencies of pure tone audiometry. Based on the results obtained by conducting harmonic analysis of the temporal bone, the performance of bone conduction at 35 mm and at 15 degrees was higher than those at 0 and -15 degrees.
Preparation and Characterization of Novel Borate K2O·CaO·4B2O3·12H2O:Sm3+
Authors: Bi Ying , Tian Yan Wen , Wang Guo Sheng , Cao Fa Bin , Xiao Lin Jiu
Published: December 2011

A novel alkali-alkaline earth borate K2O•CaO•4B2O3•12H2O：Sm3+has been synthesized by facile industrialization and pollution-free water solution method .The samples were characterized by chemical analysis, FT-IR spectra, X-ray powder diffraction and SEM, fluorescence spectrum. It is found the product owns rhombic group space, about 3mm long. Under 828 nm excitation, the fluorescence spectrum is indicated that the host material K2O•CaO•4B2O3•12H2O has properties of infrared-visible up-conversion，and it appears orange. Adding Sm3+makes emission spectrum stronger.
Research on Characteristics of Combination Flooding System and Oil Displacement Efficiency
Authors: Su Yan Chang , Wu Wen Xiang
Published: December 2011

By physical simulation experiments, the features of alkali-free binary flooding system (polymer and a new surfactant BS) were contrasted with weak base ternary flooding system and alkali ternary flooding system. The experiment results showed that interfacial tension of BS binary system is the lowest. In the absence of alkali, the viscosity and elasticity of binary system were higher than those of other two ternary flooding systems. By physical simulation experiments with artificial heterogeneous cores, the recovery of BS binary flooding system was 2 percent higher than that of weak base ternary flooding system, and 1.4 percent higher than that of alkali ternary flooding system.
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Methyl Orange over Titania-Bearing Blast Furnace Slag Photocatalysts and Effects of Cr(VI) under Visible Irradiation
Authors: Lei Xue Fei , Xue Xiang Xin , Yuan Shi Hua , Ma Ming Zhao
Published: December 2011

Using sulfate-modified titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (STBBFS) as photocatalyst, decolorization efficiency of methyl orange (MO) in the absence and presence of Cr(VI) were studied. The effect of the initial concentration of Cr(VI) on the decolorization efficiency of MO at pH=1.5 has been investigated. The results indicate that the acidic solutions are favorable for the photocatalytic oxidation of MO in the absence and presence of Cr(VI), and the optimum pH for oxidation of MO is 1.5. In the presence of Cr(VI), decolorization efficiency and adsorption efficiency of MO rapidly increased with the increase of Cr(VI) concentration, indicating a strong promoting effect of Cr(VI) to oxidation of MO. The increasing in decolorization efficiency of MO in the compound system can be attributed to three main reasons: (1) oxidation of MO by Cr(VI); (2) the high affinity of MO to catalyst surface; (3) Moreover, the addition of Cr(VI) species able to act as electron scavengers to catalyst surface promotes the effective separation of electron-hole in the photocatalytic processes, and hence promote the increase of decolorization efficiency of MO in Cr(VI)-MO system under visible irradiation. FTIR spectral analysis showed that all these characteristic peaks of Cr(VI) and MO disappear after photoreaction, indicating the degradation of Cr(VI) and MO.
Influence of Calcining Atmosphere on Synthesis of Mixed Conducting Oxides SrFeCo0.5Oy by Citrates Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Du Qing Yang , Xu Hui Jun
Published: December 2011

Mixed conducting oxides SrFeCo0.5Oy was synthesized by citrates sol-gel method. The effect of calcining atmosphere on synthesis process of samples was studied. The crystal structure and morphology of calcined powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the bulk density of sintered samples was determined by Archimedes method. The experimental results showed that the dominant phase perovskite Sr-Fe-Co-O oxides was prepared by calcining in oxygen. The powder obtained had flake shape and the particle was smaller. The dominant phase orthorhombic Sr-Fe-Co-O oxides was prepared by calcining in argon. The powder obtained had sphere shape and the particle was bigger. The bulk density of samples sintered at low temperature in oxygen was smaller than that of in argon. The reaction mechanism of samples calcined in different atmosphere was also discussed.
600°C Isothermal Section of the Zn-Fe-Nb Ternary System at the Zn-Rich Corner
Authors: Tu Hao , Wang Xin Ming , Liu Ya , Wu Chang Jun , Wang Jian Hua , Li Zhi , Su Xu Ping
Published: December 2011

The isothermal section of the Fe-Zn-Nb ternary system at 600 oC was determined using the equilibrated alloys with the aid of diffusion couple approach. The specimens were investigated by means of SEM-EDS analysis, SEM-WDS analysis and X-ray diffraction. A true ternary phase T was identified, this phase is in equilibrium with ε, NbZn3, Γ, δ, and η - Zn phases respectively in the system. The solubility of Nb in η - Zn and δ phase is limited and that of Zn in ε is up to 10.0%.
Fabrication and Photocatalytic Activities of TiO2 Nano-Films Deposited at Different Ar/O2 Flow Ratios by DC Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Chen Peng , Tan Xin , Yu Tao
Published: December 2011

Polycrystalline TiO2nano-films were prepared by DC magnetron sputtering at different Ar/O2flow ratios. The thicknesses of all the prepared films were about 200 nm. The prepared films consist of a mixture of anatase and rutile phase. The TiO2nano-films deposited at Ar/O2flow ratio (1:1) have the best crystallinity and the mixture phase of anatase and rutile. SEM images show that the film surface composed of polygonal particles about 100 nm in diameter. UV–Vis transmission measurements reveal that the band gap of the deposited TiO2nano-films changed from 3.01 to 3.12 eV. The photocatalytic activities of the TiO2films were investigated by the decomposition of IPA under UV irradiation. The IPA can be oxidized to acetone and further to CO2. The maximal acetone concentration and CO2concentration can reach to 29.2 ppm and 4 ppm after 120 min.
Improved Enzymatic Depolymerization of Chitosan by Ionic Liquid Pretreatment and the Effect of Oligo-Chitosan on Intestinal Flora In Vitro
Authors: Zheng Cui , Li Lin , Pang Hao , Wang Zhao Mei , Li Na
Published: December 2011

It still remains challenging for effective hydrolysis of chitosan into chitosan oligomers. In this work, a pretreatment was conducted on chitosan by an ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl), aiming at improving enzymatic depolymerization of chitosan. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the inter- and intra-molecular hydrogen bonds within chitosan molecules were broken by [C4mim]Cl and the crystalline was destroyed. The oligo-chitosan hydrolyzed from IL-pretreated chitosan, coded as COS-IL, showed a DP of 3~5, in contrast to DP 5~8 with oligo-chitosan obtained from untreated chitosan(coded as COS-UN). COS-IL was more effective than COS-UN in inhibiting intestinal spoilage bacterials growth and it has positive effect on the growth of intestinal probiotic bacterials.
Research on Liquid Fuels and Chemicals of Waste Blends Copyrolysis
Authors: Liu Hai Bing , Guo Zhan Yin , Zhu Tao , Fu Xing Min , Jia Jing Wei , Jia Yi Man , Shu Xin Qian
Published: December 2011

This paper reviews co-pyrolysis processes of different researchers and institutions, depicts the co-pyrolysis process of biomass and plastic wastes, coal and refuse plastic and coal and woody biomass, and makes recommendations for different processes. This article summarizes different researches on co-pyrolysis for product quantity and properties in different parameters such as waste blends and temperature,reaction time,pressure etc. We suggest that radical reactions between the co-pyrolytic materials are primarily responsible for the observed behavior.and that co-pyrolysis not only solves the H/C ratio but decrease reaction temperature and increased product content and improved product properties and its behavior as a fuel.
Mass Transfer Performance of a Novel Structured Packing for Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Authors: Bao Yin Long , Liu Chun Jiang , Yuan Xi Gang
Published: December 2011

The flow pattern of the dispersed phase through three types of packings, 700Y rhombus mesh frame packing (RMFP), 350Y polypropylene corrugated sheet packing (PPCSP) andФ16mm plum flower mini ring (PFMR), was observed. According to the characteristics of solvent extraction, a novel hybrid structured packing, consisting of 700Y RMFP and 350Y PPCSP, was developed for liquid-liquid extraction. The mass transfer efficiencies of the novel hybrid structured packing andФ16mm PFMR were investigated in a 150mm diameter column, working with the 30% tributyl phosphate-kerosene (dispersed phase) / acetic / water (continuous phase) system. It is found that the apparent height of mass transfer unit of the hybrid structured packing is 21% smaller than that ofФ16mm PMFR in average under the same experimental condition. It can be concluded that the hybrid structured packing is a high-efficiency packing for liquid-liquid extraction.
Residual Stress and Corrosion Resistance Experimental Analysis of Closed Extruding Fine Blanking Parts Surface
Authors: Lv Lin , Ning Guo Song , Chen Ming Ming
Published: December 2011

In order to research the residual stress distribution and corrosion resistance of closed extruding fine blanking parts, surface and deep layer residual stress is tested and electrochemical corrosion behavior is also researched through polarization curve test in the 3.5%NaCl solution. The results show that: the surface’s residual stress is compressive stress, compressive stress value increases with the deformation degree, and the maximum value is 150 Mpa or so; Along with increase of depth from surface, residual stress first increases, then decreases, it is on the inferior surface reaches to maximum value, and the influence depth is 200μm; In the polarization curve test, closed extruding fine blanking parts' initial corrosion resistance is better than turning parts and blank, but with the test proceeding, the corrosion resistance drops, and closed extruding fine blanking parts’ final passivation phenomenon delays.
Spectral Properties of Alpha-Cu2(OH/D)3Br at Room Temperature
Authors: Liu Xiao Dong , Meng Dong Dong , Zheng Xu Guang , Guo Qi Xin
Published: December 2011

The newly identified magnetic geometric frustration material-botallackite-structure deuteroxyl copper bromide α-Cu2(OD)3Br sample was successfully synthesized in the same single phase (polycrystalline) as the H-isotope substituted sample of α-Cu2(OH)3Br, and its IR (4000-400 cm–1) absorption and Raman (4000-95 cm–1) spectra at room temperature are first, to the best of our knowledge, measured to study the corresponding relationship between these iso-structural compounds. Through the comparative analysis with those of α-Cu2(OH)3Br reported previously, we definitely assign or tentatively suggest their vibration modes according to the result of the factor group analysis.
Manufacture and Research on Performance and Organizations of New Type Carburized Bainitic Hollow Steel
Authors: Shen Hai Ming , Zhang Zhuo , Tian Yong You
Published: December 2011

A manufacturing process of new type carburized bainitic hollow steel by “hot-penetrating and hot-rolling” method is described in this paper. A good surface quality and hot working performance can be achieved by using hot-penetrating and hot-rolling method fabricated new type bainitic hollow steel. The mechanical properties ofnew type carburized bainitic hollow steel can satisfy the properties of Cr-Ni type carbonized steel requirements, so the hollow steel can be used as drill steel material. The carburized test of new type bainitic hollow steel showed that the new steel is organized by the bainitic, ferrite and austenite; the layer of cementite is organized by the high carbon martensite and austenite. The drill rod with the new type carburized bainitic hollow steel is with good carburization properties. After carburizing air (wind) cold, the surface hardness of the dill rod will satisfy HRC> 5~7, with good air cooling harden ability and harden ability, so the new type carburized bainitic hollow steelis good at practical application.
Study on Characteristics and Oil Displacement Characteristics of High Concentration Polymer System
Authors: Su Yan Chang , Wu Wen Xiang
Published: December 2011

Through laboratory experiments, viscosity stability of high concentration polymer solution was studied. Viscoelasticity of high concentration polymer was measured by HAAKE RS-150 Rheometer. The flow tests of high concentration polymer solution were carried out by utilizing artificial homogeneity cores, while the influence of injection time on displacement characteristics of high concentration polymer were studied on artificial heterogeneous cores. The results showed that high concentration polymer solution had a good stability within 15 days, but decreased significantly after 30 days. Both viscosity and elasticity of high concentration polymer are higher than the lower ones’. Because the high viscoelasticity of high concentration polymer made the flow resistance increase, resistance coefficient and residual resistance coefficient were very high. Therefore viscoelasticity of high concentration polymer could make a large improvement on chemical flooding recovery.
Influence of SiO2 Content on Fractal of Grain Distribution in Low Silicon Sinter
Authors: Zhang Qing Jun , Jiang Li Mei , Mo Wen Ling , Zhang Yu Zhu
Published: December 2011

Grain size distribution in the sinter is an important index sign to measure the quality of sinter. In this paper, according to the fractal theory and the contrast experiment of sinter, the fractal characteristic of grain size distribution of sinter with low SiO2is discussed. The relation between the fractal dimension and content of SiO2is proposed. Combine with the SEM graphs of the sinter with low SiO2, the relation between the fractal dimension and microstructure of sinter with low SiO2is also analyzed. Pass to the quantificational description of the grain size distribution of sinter with low SiO2, to predict and optimize the grain size constitution of sinter, and offer a new idea, a new way for the further thorough research of sinter ore.
Insulating and Thermally Conductive Composite Filled with Boron Nitride Particles
Authors: Li Jun Peng , Qi Shu Hua , Xie Fan
Published: December 2011

A new kind of thermally conductive composites reinforced by glass fibers with boron nitride (BN) as thermally conductive filler was prepared in heat press molding. Thermal conductivity of the composites was found to increase with increasing in filler content. But impact strength and flexural strength reach the top point, 385.05KJ/m2 and 912.6481MPa, with content of 50wt% and 20wt% respectively. The thermal conductivity of 0.8385 W/mK was obtained at 50wt% filler content. Experimental dates show that mixed matrix of epoxy (EP) and polyimide (PI) displays high thermal stability and can improve thermal stability compared to pure epoxy obviously at 50wt% PI content. Additionally, the obtained composites possess high surface resistivity and volume resistivity, which are suitable for substrate materials.
Research on In Situ Observation of Fracture Process of Fiber/Epoxy Composites
Authors: Wang Luo Bin , Hu Xiao Fang , Xu Feng , Qu Hong Yan , Li Yong Cun , Zhang Zhong
Published: December 2011

In this paper, in situ observation of fracture process of short carbon fibers/epoxy (SCF/EP) composites was researched. The samples were prepared firstly. And then, in order to get high quality reconstruction images of carbon fiber–epoxy composites, experiments of in situ static observation of SCF/EP composites were carried out. As results, static 2D and 3D reconstruction images of fiber-epoxy composites were obtained. At last, a special small tensile testing device which can be used to apply extraneous force to small samples was designed. Based on the above work, in situ observation of fracture process of composites will be realized most probably in the next work.
Hollow PtRu Nanospheres Catalyst Supported on Activated Carbon Fiber and Carbon Nanotubes for Methanol Electroxidation
Authors: Huang Hui Xing , Li Hai Chao , Huang Shao Bin , Chen Shui Xia
Published: December 2011

PtRu hollow nanospheres catalysts supported on activated carbon fiber (ACF) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were simply prepared at room temperature in a homogeneous solution with Co nanoparticles as sacrificial templates. TEM measurements showed that the coreless PtRu nanospheres supported on ACF and CNTs were both from composed 20 to 30 nm with an average diameter of 24 nm. The shells of the nanospheres on ACF composed of PtRu nanocrystals with a size of 5 nm, while those on CNTs were 3 nm. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated that hollow-PtRu/ACF showed a lower oxidation current density towards methanol electroxidation but a better tolerance to poisoning effect than hollow-PtRu/CNTs. The poorer performance of hollow-PtRu/CNTs may be caused by the phase separation.
Synthesis and Properties of Fluorenyl-Containing Multiblock Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone) Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Chen Shan Shan , Liu Jian Mei , Ling Ying , Fang Shi Chao , Yang Hui , Ling Jia Ni , Xu Meng , Hu Zhao Xia , Chen Shou Wen
Published: December 2011

A series of novel multiblock copolymers containing rigid hydrophilic/soft hydrophobic blocks were synthesized and evaluated for use as proton exchange membranes (PEMs). The multiblock copolymers were prepared by a coupling reaction between phenoxide-terminated sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) oligomer (OSO) and fluorine-terminated poly(arylene ether sulfone) oligomer (FNO). All copolymers produced tough, flexible and transparent membranes by casting from DMSO solution. The resulting membranes displayed good water stability and enhanced proton conductivities comparable to that of the corresponding random ones with similar ion exchange capacity (IEC) values. They also showed slight anisotropic swelling behavior, while isotropic behavior for the random ones. The results revealed that these multiblock copolymers were potential candidates for PEM materials.
Modal and Harmonic Response Analysis of Composite Resin Concrete
Authors: Ding Jiang Min , Wang Zi Guang , Zhong Chong Bao
Published: December 2011

This paper makes 3 specimens by applying the composite resin concrete, the resin concrete and the reinforced concrete with Portland. By means of ANSYS, the analysis of finite element modal and harmonic response are made about above specimens. Their pictures of the frequency, model shape and harmonic response are drawn. Through comparing and analysis, the results show that the composite resin concrete has excellent anti-vibration and can dissipate the energy generated by external excitation with the smallest deformation.
Strucutural Color Bio-Engineering by Replicating Morpho Wings
Authors: Liu Yu Ping , Huang Lei , Shi Wang Zhou
Published: December 2011

Cover scales and ground scales are found to be responsible for the greenish blue color of Morpho menelaus. From simulation predictions, different colors can be engineered by controlled thickness coatings on surface of scales. By replicating the morphologies of scales with low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) methods, tunable colors are achieved successful by regulations of deposition cycles of Al2O3in the organic-inorganic hybrid structures. After removal of original structures by means of high temperatures, inverted nanostructures exhibiting colors sealed by Al2O3shell are fabricated. Simulation results of the hybrid and inverted structures are in accordance with experimental results well. The predictable spectra and the executable precisely controlled deposition by ALD provide us the potential of designing and constructing diversified structural colors.
Study on Ni/Al Interface Diffusion at Initial Time by Using Molecular Dynamics Method
Authors: Dai Yu Mei , Zhu Sheng Long , Wang Fu Hui
Published: December 2011

The basic theory of molecular dynamics and interface diffusion theory are used to simulate metal Ni/Al interface diffusion. The position image of the interface diffusion atoms and radial distribution function curve of Ni/Al interface reaction at initial time at a high temperature can be got. Through these images of diffusion atoms position, it is observed that there is a lot of change during the simulation process. The Al atoms layer of the matrix begins to melt at first. Ni atoms in the matrix begin to diffuse outward rapidly in large quantities. Al atoms overall diffuse to one side of the matrix at a relatively low speed, inter-diffusion layer thickness increases continuously and inter-diffusion atoms are solidified gradually from one side of the matrix to the surface. The process of change has been further verified in the corresponding radial distribution function curves. These conclusions can provide a theoretical reference for the technology of new materials preparation and the expansion of the environment of Ni/Al use.
Sol-Gel Preparation of Optically Transparent Hydrophobic Hybrid Coating
Authors: Pang Yan , Chen Yao , Qiu Qi , Wang Fang , Tao Zhang
Published: December 2011

Optically transparent hydrophobic inorganic-organic hybrid sols was obtained employing Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), Methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), and Heptadecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetradecyl)trimethoxysilane (FAS), with nitric acid as catalyst. Hybrid coating was dip coated on glass slides. The results showed that the water contact angle of MTES modified SiO2 coating was only 105° . As the weight ratio FAS varied from 0 to 8 wt.%, the water contact angle reached as high as 116.5°. The coated glass presented transmittance of 92%, 2% higher than the non-coated ones. The increase in transmittance suggested an antireflective effect of the hybrid coating. With further SEM characterization of the surface morphology, we finally obtained the optimized optically transparent hydrophobic hybrid coating with the MTES/TEOS_as 1/1(molar ratio) and FAS as 2 wt.%.
Study on the Microstructure and Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Joint for Ultra Fine-Grained Steel
Authors: Yang Cheng Gang , Xin Ji Jun , Ke Li Ming , Deng Li Peng
Published: December 2011

In this study, the effect of welding parameter on the microstructure and properties of resistance spot welding joint for 400MPa ultra fine-grained steel is investigated. The results indicated that the microstructure of HAZ of ultra fine-grained steel joint consists of hardening organization: bainite, martensite, M-A constituent, i.e. while the fusion zone mainly consists of the coarse martensite. By applied forge-delay force during resistance spot welding will increase the nugget diameter, eliminate the shrinkage defect in nugget zone and improve the shearing strength of joints.
Study on Synthesizing and Characterizing of Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles
Authors: Cheng Ting Li , Zheng Min , Wang Zuo Shan , Chen Zhong Li
Published: December 2011

Zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) crystalline was prepared via co-precipitation method, followed by calcinations at various temperatures from 400 to 600 . Poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) was used as a stabilizer to prevent the particles from agglomeration. The variation of crystallite size has been investigated using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope(SEM), and a recipe has been developed for the preparation of nano ZnFe2O4with 6.7nm size and complete crystallization.
The Influence of Iron Ore Quality Degradation on the Assimilability of Sinter Ore
Authors: Du Yuan , Wu Sheng Li , Zhang Guo Liang , Long Fang Yi , Zhu Juan
Published: December 2011

The sinter production is affected by many factors, including total iron content, gangue content and burning loss. These paper analyses changes of three kinds of Australian iron ores in recent ten years, and then draw a conclusion that the assimilability of these three kinds of Australian iron ores are increased. These kinds of changes cause a lot of influence upon sinter production, which means negative influence. Therefore, ore blending constitution is changed by iron ore quality degradation.
Densification and Microstructure of Tungsten Ore/Al-Cu Composites by Combustion Synthesis
Authors: Li Gang , Guan Yi Qing , Tang Ming Zhong , Shui Dong Li
Published: December 2011

Tungsten ore doped Al/Cu alloy powder compact was processed by laser combustion synthesis (CS). Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the effect of laser processing and pressing pressure on microstructure and density of the alloy. The results show that the compactness increases, the microstructure is refined and the uniformity is promoted within a certain range. As the relative density increases, the densification of the product increases. The sintered alloy is mainly made from matrix phase of higher toughness mixed up with intermetallic compounds of high dispersion, and nanocrystals, which is compound texture.
Preparation of Nano-Sized Tin Oxide by Polymer-Network Method
Authors: Geng Shu Dong , Zhang Fu Sheng , Zhang Yu , Chen Lian Fa , Wang Wei
Published: December 2011

SnO2 has been widely used in the industry, and is important materials in the fields of electron, ceramics and chemistry. SnCl4 was employed as raw material, acrylamide and N,N’-methylenediacrylamide were used as monomer and lattice reagent, respectively. In present work, SnO2 nano-sized powder was prepared by the polymer-network method. The precursor was characterized using DTA-TG. The phase structure and particle size of the powder was determined by XRD and TEM, respectively. The results indicated that the SnO2 powder with particle diameter size smaller than 50nm was obtained when the ratio of monomer and lattice reagent was 5:1, and the sintering temperature was 500 °C. Moreover, the distribution of powder particles was uniform and the specific surface area was big.
Modes of Occurrence of Trace Elements (Na, K, Fe, Si) in Coal Used for COREX Process
Authors: Zhang Li Hua , Fan Jia Xin , Wu Sheng Li
Published: December 2011

In this paper, the modes of occurrence of the trace elements of Na, K, Fe and Si in SX-Coal and SD-Coal, which were used for COREX process, were analyzed. The coal was treated by wet digestion method and then the content of trace elements was analyzed. After that, the modes of occurrence of the elements were studied by sequential extraction procedure method and analyzed by ICP-OES. The results showed that the content of Na element is the highest and the content of K and Si elements is very low among the four elements in both kinds of coal. Na and K elements mainly exist in the mode of residue in SX-Coal and SD-Coal, and they are tends to enriched in the residue during the pyrolysis. Fe and Si elements mainly exist in the mode of carbonate, iron oxides and manganese oxides in SD-Coal. Fe and Si are tends to be decomposed from the compounds during the pyrolysis.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Properties and Structural Changes of Poly(p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole) Fiber
Authors: Song Bo , Ying Ling Hui , Liu Xiao Yun , Zhuang Qi Xin , Han Zhe Wen
Published: December 2011

The changes of structure and mechanical properties of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fibers with different heat-treatment condition involving temperature, level of tension and duration was investigated. The results revealed that the modulus of fibers was affected greatly by the heat treatment, while the strength of fiber was insensitive to the applied parameter during the heat treatment. It was also found that the heat treatment could promote the ring-close reaction of PBO molecules to completion and impelled the molecular chains to adjust and slide along the stress direction for further orientation, which could make the molecular chain more stretched, regularize the structure of PBO fibers and improve the mechanical properties of PBO fiber.
The Feasibility Research of Using an Intensified Continuous Mini-Reactor to Replace a Discontinuous Reactor
Authors: Li Shi , Hu Yan , Zong Xi Ju
Published: December 2011

An intensified continuous mini-reactor is introduced, to replace traditional discontinuous reactor, using in three-phase catalytic slurry hydrogenation. Under high pressure intensification, continuous mini-reactor behaves excellent performances of mass transfer and heat transfer, and presents the advantages of smaller volume, faster reaction rates, higher conversion and no solvent addition. The steady-state mathematic model is established, and the characteristic times of mass transfer and heat transfer are analyzed based on mass balance and energy balance Eq.s, the results can efficiently help the reactor design and optimization.
Water-Soluble Acrylic Acid Copolymers and their Recycling Properties
Authors: Mao Liang , Shi Wei Yu , Guo La Mei
Published: December 2011

By controlling the comonomer composition, the use of emulsion polymerization and in the condition of a certain stirring rate, a reaction temperature and a reaction time, the synthesis of a novel water-soluble acrylic acid compounds is produced. We also studied the adhesion of the acrylic copolymer T/C yarns, as the textile warp sizing materials, the performance of recycling after desizing under mild aqueous conditions. Application of the polymer sizing, can not only get energy conservation, but also protect the environment.
Perovskite-Type Complex Oxides Catalyst Composed of Rare Earth-Alkaline Earth-Transition Metal Elements for Soot Combustion in the NO and O2 Atmosphere
Authors: Liang Hong , Li Shu Hua , Hong Yan Xia , Liu Zi Li , Lin Wei Ming
Published: December 2011

La0.85K0.15CoO3perovskite-tpye catalyst was prepared by a sol-gel method and characterized by catalytic activity analysis to study the effect of NO and O2on the combustion of soot. The catalytic activity of La0.85K0.15CoO3Catalyst was promoted with NO. No matter lean or rich oxygen conditions, the La0.85K0.15CoO3catalyst could ignite soot at low temperature. The results of XRD and FT-IR showed that La0.85K0.15CoO3catalyst has the desired perovskite-type structure, ABO3.
Adsorption of Pb2+ in Wastewater Using Adsorbent Derived from Grapefruit Peel
Authors: Pei Yuan Yuan , Liu Jing Yong
Published: December 2011

The adsorbent was prepared from Grapefruit peel by activation with ZnCl2. Grapefruit peel adsorbent (GPA) was employed to be as adsorbent to remove Pb(Ⅱ) in wastewater. The affecting factors on the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ)from aqueous solution with GPA, such as solution pH, contact time, GPA dosage, initial Pb(Ⅱ) concentration, and reaction temperature were investigated. Adsorption kinetics and adsorption mechanism were investigated also. The results showed that the factors mentioned above have remarkably influence on adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) ions onto GPA. The suitable conditions for the adsorption conditions were as following: solution pH, 5.3~6.5; contact time, 1.5 hours; GPA dosage, 10 g/L; initial Pb(Ⅱ) ion concentration, 100 mg/L; temperature, 30°C. Under the suitable conditions, the removal rate of Pb(Ⅱ) was more than 90% and the sorption capacities of the GPA for Pb(Ⅱ) were 12.73mg/g. Adsorption kinetics of Pb(Ⅱ) ions onto GPA obeyed pseudo-second-order equation. The isothermal adsorption can be described well by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models, and the Freundlich model was the best.
Precision Generating Cutting Research of Rectangle Spline Based on Parameters Superposition
Authors: Jia Jian Jun , Wang Hong Xi , Wang Ling
Published: December 2011

Aiming at the precision generating cutting problem of rectangle spline shaft, the multi-parameter fusion method to modified cutting edge of rectangle spline hob is presented. The method based on the analysis of workpiece machining errors to establish a fusion model about the rectangle spline hob cutting parameters and the rectangle spline shaft deformation quantity, the model can indicate the connection between rectangle spling hob theoretics profile and actual cutting profile, therefore, the rectangle spline hob’s profile is modified and to simulate by polynomials. The simulation experiment indicates that the method exact approximation the hob’s modified profile. Compare with the methods of the double-circular-arc and the least square fitting, the multi-parameter fusion method can enhance both design precision and design efficiency.
Analyzing the Influence of Temperature on the Involute Gear Profile with ANSYS
Authors: Wang Hong Xi , Li Kai , Qin Feng
Published: December 2011

There are always greater differences in ambient temperature when the gear is processed and measured, the temperature difference can cause the change of the tooth profile, and it leads to a result that the measurement data can not truly reflect gear processing accuracy. In order to reduce the influence of temperature on the accuracy of the gear measurement, we analyze the influence of temperature on the gear profile based on ANSYS software. The generalized least squares method (GLS) is used to fit data that is calculated from FEM, and a new involute gear formula is attained. The formula is characterized with temperature-corrected, and its accuracy meets the requirements of gear measurement.
Software and Hardware Realization of Network-Based CNC Engraving Machine Control System
Authors: Mu Wen Hui , Jin Xiao Li , Wang Dang Li , Yang Hui
Published: December 2011

With the development of computer network technology, Networked manufacturing will be used widely in modern CNC engraving system. In this study, on the basis of analyzing the problems and network modes of traditional CNC engraving system, the control system of network-based CNC engraving machine was presented. For meeting the needs of real-time control and remote monitoring, PROFIBUS-DP fieldbus and Ethernet are introduced into the system. And hardware structure is given. Moreover, as to the realization of system software, the idea and method of modular programmed have been adopted to ensure the security and reliablity of the control system running.
Flyback Transformer Optimum Design and Simulation
Authors: Shang Ya Ceng , Yang Xin Tao
Published: December 2011

In the design of low-power mode switching power supply, reducing power loss so as to improve the efficiency of power supply is one of the most important goals, and the flyback transformer design is particularly critical. In this paper, the author optimized the design of the flyback transformer and made a theoretical calculation, and obtained a set of optimized design parameters. Then the author confirmed the effectiveness of optimization through SABER simulation. The results show that power loss has been markedly reduced after optimization.