bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical characteristics and sensory evaluation of local rice (Oryza sativa L.) M5 from Aceh province
Authors: Hayati R , Yunita F , Rahmadana F
Published: November 2019

The study of chemical characteristics and sensory evaluation of local rice (Oryza sativa L.) M5 from Aceh Province was carried out. The aim of the study was to determine the chemical characteristics and sensory evaluation of local rice M5 from Aceh Province. The results showed that Aceh local rice M5 had a very significant effect on amylose content, amylopectin content and starch content. The local rice M5 with amylose content were: first elder Sanbei rice, USK-Snb-RGO-S-84 rice, USK-Snb-RGO-CKU-6 rice, USK-Snb-RGO-S-97 rice and USK-Snb-RGO-4F1-B rice. A better amylopectin content was obtained at USK-Snb-RGO-4F1-B rice (53.49%) and had significantly different from the other rice. Whereas a better starch content was obtained at USK-Snb-RGO-4F1-B (72.23%) and had significantly different from all other rice. While the color test for Aceh local rice M5 showed that the value of L and a had a very significant effect while the value of b had not significant. The average L value obtained by Aceh local rice M5 is 112.36-124.82, while the a value obtained is 1.01-2.02 and the resulting b value is 14.17 - 19.71. The sensory evaluation of local rice M5 showed a very significant effect on the attributes of aroma, color, texture, shape and overall acceptance.
Transformation of stilt houses: a way to respond to the environment to be sustainable
Authors: Nursaniah C , Machdar I , Azmeri  , Munir A , Irwansyah M , Sawab H
Published: November 2019

One type of houses on stilts that are spread on the west coast of the Aceh region is rumoh santeut located in the Teunom area. This vernacular architecture is a residence that has been tested by climate and natural disasters for hundreds of years, but still stands strong and is still inhabited by the fourth generation today. The Teunom settlement environment can represent the characteristics of other settlements on the west coast of Aceh, because it is in the same natural conditions. These settlements often experience flooding due to the overflowing of the Krueng Teunom River which is located adjacent to the settlement. This paper discusses the principles and techniques of construction in the construction of houses on stilts, and how the elements of construction respond to environmental problems as sustainable construction through a process of architectural transformation. Data has been analyzed with qualitative descriptive methods to find out the factors that affect transformation, and how transformation occurs. The findings show that the nature and potential of the material affect the structure / construction, building components, and construction methods. The houses on stilts in Teunom have been transformed together with changes in the socio-cultural community and changes in the natural environment. The use of cement, brick, and iron has now resulted in changes in the method of construction and appearance of the house. Wooden stilt houses that are transformed can be divided into two types of construction, they are transformed into contemporary houses, and are transformed as new stage houses. How the ancestors took care of their homes, and the fact that these houses still exist, should be an example in modern society.
Comparison of evapotranspiration between continuous flooding and shallow water depth irrigation in different rice varieties of Indonesia
Authors: Maftukhah R , Nugroho B D A , Suli A S , Annisa H N
Published: November 2019

Lowland rice field with continuous flooding irrigation is the predominant rice cultivation system in Indonesia which need high demand of water. Nowadays, water scarcity and climate change issues need to be address with new technology to increase water use efficiency in rice production. This study aims to compare rice seasonal evapotranspiration between continuous flooding (CF) and shallow water depth (SWD) irrigation in different rice varieties. Pot experiments were conducted during rainy season in 2018 at screen house Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Three different rice varieties, Hitam, Mutiara, and IR 64 were used in this experiment. Daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated using Penman-Monteith equation and the weather variables were collected at the site by an automatic weather station. Irrigation water input were monitored every day and actual crop evapotranspiration (ETa) was determined by using water balance method. ETo during plant growth season was varied from 1.78 mm/day to 3.46 mm/day with average value of 2.64 mm/day. Rice daily ETa was varied among irrigation treatments and rice varieties. ETa of Hitam variety under SWD was varied from 0.90 mm/day to 5.47 mm/day and under CF was 0.71 mm/day to 6.36 mm/day. IR64 under SWD was varied from 1.51 mm/day to 4.20 mm/day and under CF was 0.85 mm/day to 6.51 mm/day. Mutiara was showed higher ETa than Hitam and IR64 both in SWD and CF irrigation with value ranged from 1.46 mm/day to 4.99 mm/day for SWD and 1.13 mm/day to 8.63 mm/day for CF.
Modeling the plantation area of geographical indication product under climate change: Salak Pondoh Sleman (Salacca edulis cv Reinw)
Authors: Nuary R B , Sukartiko A C , Machfoedz M M
Published: November 2019

As a geographical indication product, Salak Pondoh Sleman can only be cultivated in certain regions, to get fruit with distinctive characteristics. The risk of climate change in the future, therefore, can have an impact both on the possessed characteristics and on the grown area, both directly affecting the amount of product availability in the market. This study aims to generate a spatial model on the probability of Salak Pondoh Sleman plantation distribution under climate change. IP (IPSL-CM5A-LR) model in RCP45 was used to project the temperature and precipitation in 2050. Modeling the probability of plantation distribution was done by ArcMap 10.3 and Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) software. Based on the developed model, Salak Pondoh Sleman is vulnerable to the climate change effect, indicated by the smaller probability of distribution of the Salak Pondoh Sleman planting area in 2050. The decrease in a suitable grown-area and required risk mitigation are discussed further in this paper.
Design of integrated database of smart coffee enterprise support system for coffee small medium enterprise
Authors: Nugroho A P , Sutiarso L , Purwantana B , Puttanto B B , Fabianus R , Latif A , Sutyowati Y
Published: November 2019

Coffee has great potential to improve the quality of life of farmers in Indonesia. In the business sector, demand for Indonesian coffee is suitable for the needs of both the local and the world market. However, the rising demand for world coffee and the high purchase prices have not been able to prosper farmers. Governance and trade procedure for the coffee industry, considering the simplification of the supply chain concept and information technology approach is necessary to be introduced. Coop Coffee stands for the Co-operative for the Indonesian Coffee is the business program from the Ministry of Co-operative & Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Of Republic of Indonesia, aims to improve the coffee farmers’ wealth in co-operative bases as well as promote the Indonesian best coffee to the world. As a backbone, a Smart Coffee Enterprise Support System (SCESS) was developed to accompany the data transactions. The objective of this study was to design an integrated database of SCESS for coffee SME management. The database designed using relational database concept and visualized in the Entity Relationship Diagram with 14 entities and 15 relations, from the on-farm, off-farm, and market. The developed system was implemented to manage the coffee SME in Pelaga, Badung, Bali province. The SME has 24 Subak with 127 farmers, 168,924 hectares of area, and about 57.320 coffee tress. The integrated database system recorded the farmer name, address, their coffee farming facilities, and estimated yield, and finance loan from the government under the KUR (Kredit Usaha Rakyat).
Temperature distribution in the planum on the cocoa box dryer in Sidorejo Village, East Lampung Regency
Authors: Suharyatun S , Asmara S , Lanya B , Eprimal R
Published: November 2019

One of the factors that influence the quality of the results of cocoa drying using a box dryer is the temperature distribution in the Planum. This study aims to study the distribution pattern of Planum temperature in cocoa box dryers. The study was conducted on a cocoa box dryer with a hot air suction system in Sidorejo village, Sekampung Udik sub-district, East Lampung. The parameters measured are temperatures at several points in the Planum space. Temperature measurements are carried out periodically during the cocoa drying period. The results showed that temperature distribution in the Planum room was quite evenly distributed with the average temperature during the cocoa drying period (12 hours) of (75.01 ± 1.85) °C. Drying temperature in drying chamber is (60.01±3.92)°C and moisture content of Cocoa is (8.06 ± 0.65 )%
Potential of heavy metal contamination in cultivated red seaweed (Gracilaria sp. and Eucheuma cottonii) from coastal area of Java, Indonesia
Authors: Afiah R N , Supartono W , Suwondo E
Published: November 2019

Heavy metal is one of the widespread environmental contaminants in Indonesian coastal waters. These heavy metals have a potential negative impact on the aquatic organism and the people who consumed it. Most seaweed cultivation in Indonesia is located in urbanized estuaries, cultivated seaweed can accumulate contaminants such as heavy metals. This study focuses on the analysis of heavy metals such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in Gracilaria sp. and Eucheuma cottonii from various cultivation areas in Java, Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to find out whether seaweed can pose a potential risk to consumers and know the source of heavy metal contamination. The Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) method was used to determine the heavy metal level in seaweed. These results indicate generally that heavy metal contents of seaweeds cultivated urbanized estuaries should be monitored since accumulation appears to be site-dependent. Seaweed that cultivated in locations around the industry with poor waste management has an impact on higher levels of heavy metal.
The potential of canonical correlation analysis in multivariable screening of climate model
Authors: Tukimat N N A , Harun S , Tadza M Y M
Published: November 2019

The statistical downscaling model (SDSM) been used to analyse the potential changes of local climate trend in the long term. The difficulty of the SDSM model in selecting the best predictors group which having good association to the local climate. Even the SDSM provides screening process to analyse the predictor-rainfall relationship, however it has limited ability in analysing multiple variables from 26 predictors with 10 rainfall stations around Kedah state, Malaysia. In this regard, the Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) been used to analyse the multi predictor-rainfall relationships. The concept of canonical coefficient is sufficient to show the capability and reliability of the predictors based on the percentages of variance that can explained in the dependent variable using the independent variable. There were 10 predictors’ group have been developed and one predictor’s group was built based on the CCA result. The performances of these predictors groups were tested using statistical analyses. Results revealed that the predictors group selected by the CCA method has produced smaller values of MAE and MSE for all stations except at station of Ladang Tanjung Pauh. The box plot’s results, which generated from one hundred simulated samples, indicated that the performance of CCA method was remarkable. The presence of discrepancies in the HadCM3-A2 and HadCM3-B2 scenario simulations were relatively small and considered acceptable.
Prediction of surface color of ‘crystal’ guava using UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
Authors: Kusumiyati  , Sutari W , Farida  , Mubarok S , Hamdani J S
Published: November 2019

Ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectroscopy technique has been increasingly applied in sorting of agricultural products, especially fruits. This study aimed to evaluate the use of UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis to predict the surface color (L*, a*, and b*) of ‘crystal’ guava. Wavelengths covering the UV-Vis (300-699 nm) and UV-Vis-NIR (300-1065 nm) area were investigated to obtain the best prediction accuracy. A total of 120 samples of guava fruits were harvested at the same maturity level, the samples were divided into 3 groups, which consisted of 40 samples per group. The first group was stored for 0 days. The second and third groups were stored for 4 and 8 days, respectively. Spectra data acquisition was performed at wavelengths of 300-1065 nm and interval of 3 nm. Multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) and standard normal variate (SNV) spectra correction methods were applied to improve prediction accuracy. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used as calibration method. Validation was done by the k fold cross validation. The best prediction of L* was obtained at UV-Vis-NIR wavelength with SNV correction method. The UV-Vis wavelength and SNV acquired the best prediction of a*. Original spectra and UV-Vis-NIR wavelengths resulted the best prediction of b*.
Risk analysis and prevention system to minimize claim and dispute on construction projects
Authors: Hayati K , Latief Y
Published: November 2019

Claims and disputes between the owners and contractors may always occur on construction projects. Thus, sensitivity to the fundamental factors in identifying claims becomes important besides the undoubtedly-effective and proper skills in project management. This research aims to study the causal factors which potentially high in term of its level of risk that leads to the project claims, in order to set a comprehensive risk-based approach that is applicable for an effective claim management system. Six layers of data collection were passed-through. The identified factors examined with such analysis of homogeneity, validity and reliability tests offered in SPSS. In this regard, the risk factors that considered the causes of the claims were set as independent variables, while dispute was designated as dependent variables. The findings were then re-analyzed based on its risk-levels and its causes, thus preventive actions could be measures. As the result, a set of dominant risks and its plausible responses identified. This research finding suggests a preventing system which consists of five guidelines that should be applied in construction projects to minimize the occurrence of claims and disputes; risk management planning; competent project team; detailed and accurate specification and quality; documentation system and record keeping; and precautionary measures during the construction period.
Applicability of an automatic pneumatic–tube–based traffic counting device for collecting data under mixed traffic
Authors: Puan O C , Nor N S M , Mashros N , Hainin M R
Published: November 2019

Traffic volume and composition data can be collected using several techniques such as manual, camera video recordings and automatic traffic count devices installed across the road pavement. An automatic traffic count device is often used for long hours of traffic data collection exercises. In view that the accuracy of the data is an important aspect of data analysis, this paper discusses the applicability of an automatic traffic count device to be used for traffic volume and composition data collections based on Malaysian vehicle classification system, i.e. where traffic is characterised by various types of vehicles or mixed traffic. The automatic traffic count (ATC) used in the study was the pneumatic tube-based equipment known as Metrocount@5600. The data used for validating the ATC was obtained using a video recording technique. The data was collected at four different sites to ensure the result of the analysis is reliable. A video camera and ATC were installed at each of the sites considered in the study. Traffic volumes and compositions from video recordings were extracted manually based on five classes of vehicles, i.e. cars and small vans, medium trucks and lorries with two axles, large trucks and lorries with three and more axles, buses and motorcycles. The ATC was set to classify vehicle types using one of the equipment’s default setting, i.e. 13 classes (Scheme F). The data retrieved from the ATC was reorganised based on the vehicle classifications used in the data collected using the video recording technique. Twenty datasets of vehicles composition from four sites were used in the analysis. The result of the statistical analysis showed that there is no significant different in traffic volumes and compositions obtained using both techniques. The finding implies that an automatic pneumatic-tube-based traffic counting device such as MetroCount@5600 with scheme F can be used as an alternative technique to collect traffic volumes and compositions data based on five standard classes of vehicles classification system.
Design of recirculated column dryer type for corn (Zea mays Linnaeus) drying
Authors: Karyadi J N W , Hikam F , Suganda E , Muhklis E A , Purwantana B
Published: November 2019

Corn (Zea mays L.) is ussually consumed as food and feed. In post harvest handling, drying process is the most critical step that affect on the quality of corn. One method of drying corn is mechanically using a recirculated batch dryer. However, these dryers has not been widely found in Indonesia. Therefore, research on the design of this type of dryer is needed. The purpose of this research was to design a recirculated batch dryer machine and test its performance. The recirculated batch dryer machine was designed with a capacity of 2000 kg of corn shelled to dry from moisture content 25% to 14% for 8 hours. Feeding system into the drying chamber used a screw feeder. Corn were recirculated in the drying chamber using a vertical screw conveyor. Air heating system was directly using LPG gas fuel. Furthermore, the design results were tested for the performance of drying, feeding and circulation. The design results show that the designed machine has a capacity of 2,000-2,300 kg. The screw feeder capacity was 1,857 kg/hr and the vertical screw conveyor capacity was 2,216 kg/hr. The airflow supplied blower was 4,358 m3/hr. The results of the machine performance test showed a drying rate of 1.55%/hr. The efficiency of air heating was 92.03% and the the efficiency of drying was 88.96%.
Identification of patchouli oil chemical components as the results on distillation using GC-MS
Authors: Ermaya D , Sari S P , Patria A , Hidayat F , Razi F
Published: November 2019

The main purpose of this study is to identify the chemical components contained in patchouli oil. The method used is water vapor distillation, water distillation. Patchouli plant material used which has been dried by aeration process and chopped above 20 kg. Then it is distilled using several distillation methods. The distillation process is carried out to extract the chemical components of patchouli oil contained in the ingredients. The three distillation methods are used using water because it does not react with patchouli, and can remove patchouli oil chemical components from its patchouli plant tissue, besides that water is also easy to use, has simple set of tools, and has low operating costs. The distillation process is carried out after the material that need to be distilled is put into the kettle and added water then connected to the condenser and heated, then the oil will be condensed and separated with a separating funnel. Analysis using GC-MS was carried out to identify the chemical components of patchouli oil, the result shows that there are 16 constituent components of patchouli oil, with 3 dominant peaks and other components as follow: Patchouli alcohol (42.75%), Delta-Guaiene (28.30 ), Azulene (20.48%), Trans Caryophellene (11.84%), Seychellence (CAS) (10.77%), Nephtalene (8.02%), Cycloheptane (6.02%) and Caryophyllene (5, 73%). The main component of patchouli oil is Patchouli alcohol about 42.75% that is obtained from the distillation process using water distillation method with distillation time about 5 hours.
Modification and performance test of fish and keumamah dryer with solar energy sources
Authors: Mustaqimah  , Agustina R , Nurba D , Yasar M
Published: November 2019

This present study aimed to modify and test the performance of fish dryer tunnel type. The size of the dryer will be reduced from its original size to 3 m x 2 m, which is adjusted to the volume of salted fish production in the local industry. Some modifications are also made according to the availability of materials on the market and also consider the drying time more effectively. To achieve the purpose, several procedures were performed: structural and functional design, drawings, assembly, and performance tests. Moreover, data analysis was carried out to measure optimum working capacity of the dryer. Obtained data from artificial dryer were compared with conventional drying. The results showed that natural convective drying required at least five and seven days for keumamah salted fish drying respectively. In contrast, forced convective drying by means of modified tunnel dryer shortened the drying period to three and five days for keumamah and salted fish respectively. Furthermore, the optimum loading capacity of the modified tunnel dryer is 30 kg of fish and required days of drying period.
Study on Physical characteristics of Pliek U: comparisons among fermentation stages
Authors: Mustaqimah  , Agustina R , Fadhil R , Zuhdi I , Devianti
Published: November 2019

Pliek u is most popular food product in Aceh province, made from fermented coconut. There are three derivative products produced from the fermentation process, namely simplah oil, Pliek oil and Pliek U. Prior to be processed, size reduction is performed by means of grating instrument and thus, fermentation is begun. The main purpose of this present work is to systematically study the physical characteristics and compares the effect of fermentation stages to temperature and pH changes. Randomized Complete Design (RAL) with one factor (Length: L) was performed with varied fermentation stages: 4, 7 and 10 days. Least square discriminant test (LSD 5%) showed that the difference in the measurement method in the organoleptic test (colour, smell and taste) of Pliek U, had a significant effect on T and pH, whilst fermentation level stages found to be no significant effect on the organoleptic test of aroma. Based on obtained results, it may conclude that there are differences in the amount of oil and seven day fermentation levels found to be the most acceptable organoleptic test.
The impact of parameter changes of a detached breakwater on coastal morphodynamic at cohesive shore: A simulation
Authors: Fitri A , Yao L
Published: November 2019

Coastal defence structures such as detached breakwaters have been used alternatively to reduce the coastal erosion problems in the world. Behind their efficiency, detached breakwater causes complex changes to the coastal hydro-morphologies because of variation in the sediment type, climate condition and design of the structures. This study aims to evaluate the impact of parameter changes of a detached breakwater on coastal morphologic changes. Three model cases of detached breakwater with different lengths and positions have been set up. MIKE 21 Mud Transport model interrelated with MIKE 21 Hydrodynamic model was performed to simulate the deposition-erosion patterns in the locality of detached breakwater for different lengths and positions of the breakwater. The results show that the detached breakwater with available empty gap gives lowest negative impact to the cohesive coastal areas with considerable reduction of the erosion problems.
Simulation of take-off angle of a ski jump energy dissipater
Authors: Yao L , Li J , Shi S , Fitri A
Published: November 2019

Ski jumps has been widely used in water conservancy and hydropower engineering with its simple structure and high energy dissipation. The jet trajectory is a key factor to directly determine the scour location, which are the significant index of hydraulic design. Actually, the take-off angle of jet flow is different from the geometrical take-off angle. Reasonable take-off angle would be quite important for calculation method of horizontal length of jet flow. The object of this work is based on the research of three take-off angels of upper and lower jet trajectories with different outlets (geometrical take-off angle, virtual take-off angle, and computational take-off angle), and provides actual calculation method for horizontal length of ski jumps. On the basis of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the main contents and methods of this research report includes: 1) analyzing affective analysis of virtual take-off angles of both the lower and upper jet trajectories, establishing virtual take-off angles of both the lower and upper jet trajectories equations with hydraulic and structure parameters and etc; 2) analyzing by comparing virtual take-off angles of both the lower and upper jet trajectories with different outlets of flip bucket (including circular, triangle, etc.); 3) providing horizontal length of jet flow of ski jumps calculation method with take-off angles of upper and lower jet trajectories.
Model of surface runoff estimation on oil palm plantation with or without biopore infiltration hole using SCS-CN and ANN methods
Authors: Devianti  , Jayanti Dewi Sri , Mulia Indra , Sitorus A , Sartika T Dewi
Published: November 2019

Surface runoff by rainfall on oil palm-cultivated land can cause erosion. Method conservation of making biopore infiltration hole on sloping oil palm plantations land has been shown to reduce this runoff. It has been experimentally proven in plots with or without biopores. However, the estimation model of the surface runoff event has not been studied comprehensively. The main novelty of this work is using surface runoff and rainfall observation directly database on oil palm land for the predicted runoff. Estimates model of surface runoff on oil palm plantations are essential to know so that farmers can determine which land conservation is more appropriate in the order they can do forecasting and preparedness for extreme events in their land. In the current study, this paper report to compare two methods of estimating surface runoff model on oil palm land that are given biopores and without biopores using (i) conservation service soil - curve number (SCS-CN) and (ii) artificial neural network (ANN) back-propagation. Thirty data of rainfall and runoff events in the three months were used as input data. The results show that the ANN method can provide a more accurate prediction of surface runoff than the SCS-CN method.
Beef Freezing Optimization by Means of Planck Model Through Simulation
Authors: Iskandar C D , Zainuddin  , Munawar A A
Published: November 2019

Freezing is one of the most commonly used method to preserve beef and other meat products. This present study aimed to optimize freezing time and temperature using Planck equation models. Laboratory-based simulation was performed with different beef size and thickness scenarios. Freezing profiles were described based on beef thermal properties namely heat specific (Cp), thermal conductivity (k) and mass density (p) during freezing. Simulation results showed that all three thermal properties of beef were increased to initial freezing temperature. Specific heat was then decreased gradually until desired temperature was reached. On the other hand, both k and p were still increased exponentially till freezing temperature set point. Moreover, the lower desired freezing temperature, the longer freezing time required. It may conclude that beef freezing can be optimized by modifying freezing temperature setting point that influenced thermal properties during freezing. Optimum freezing time was reached when all three thermal profiles were in steady state.
Rain Water Harvest and Use Pattern as an Efforts to Improve the Economy of Farmers in Timor Dried Area, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Maranatha G , Pelokilla M R , Manu A E , Sobang Y U L , Yunus M , Samba F D
Published: November 2019

This study aims to find out how much rainwater is able to be accommodated during one rainy season period and its utilization in horticulture plants and forage feed from the integration results through drip irrigation systems. The method of shelter that is by utilizing the cage roof of cattle that is accommodated in plastic tarps and the use of rainwater through drip irrigation on plants using a modified bottle of mineral water with an additional hose. The results obtained are the amount of rainwater that can be accommodated during one rainy season period which is an average of 32 m3 while the utilization with the drip irrigation system to meet the water needs of chili horticulture plants on average is 6 m3, cucumber is 7.2 m3 and forage grass feed mulato at 12m3 for one harvest period, with chili production of 1.2 tons / ha, cucumber at 1.6 tons / ha and production of fresh material grass mulato material at 2.4 ± 0.13 tons / ha, dry material production 0.81 ± 0.02 tons / ha, ratio of stems and leaves 61.26 : 38.74%. The conclusion of this study is that rainwater harvesting uses the cage roof method and its utilization through drip irrigation systems is able to supply the water needs of horticulture plants so as to have an impact on farmers’ incomes while meeting the forage needs of livestock dry material production.
Unintended Effect of Government Program on Beef Development in Indonesia; A System Approach
Authors: Setianto N A , Hidayat N N , Yuwono P , Sugiarto M , Muatip K , Widiyanti R
Published: November 2019

The study aimed to identify and analyse the effect of government program on beef development. The participants of the research were 50 farmers of beef farming in two farmers group in Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Central Java. A series of direct observation combined with semi-structured interviews and workshops have been carried out to capture the everyday activity of the beef farming and to highlight the potential driven factors affecting the performance of the farming. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the farming activities, the resources affected and affecting the grant, and pressures which drove farmers to get the government grant. Then, a qualitative model was drawn using Vensim® software. Lastly, a stock and flow dynamic modelling was performed using iThink® software. The model showed several common systems loops as the findings. One of the highlighted was the double effect of government grant to the systems performance. Initial design of the government program was to increase the sufficiency of national beef stock by importing cattle. However, model showed that it also had unintended consequences to increase farmers’ expectation to get easy instant cash.
Vertical Integration of Broiler Industries in Indonesia (Analysis of Case Decisions Number 02/KPPU-I/2016)
Authors: Widiyanti R , Hidayat N N , Setianto N A , Mastuti S , Muatip K
Published: November 2019

This study aims to get a deeper explanation of vertical integration in the broiler industry in Indonesia. The data used is secondary data on case decisions number 02 / KPPU-I / 2016. KomisiPengawasPersaingan Usaha (KPPU) Republik Indonesia has issued a decision about the alleged violation of article 11 of Act Number 5 of 1999 related to the regulation of broiler production in Indonesia. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive method. The results obtained are (1) there are 20 large companies that are directly related to the broiler trade industry, (2) broiler industry products are DOC, feed, vitamins and drugs, raw materials for poultry feed and carcasses, (3) the business category in the broiler trade industry is integrated business, semi-integration business and non-integrated businesses. Integration business consists of vertical integration and horizontal integration. Vertical integration is a business that has a series of production processes from upstream to downstream. Semi-integration business is a business that only has more than one production line but does not control the business from upstream to downstream. Non-integration business is a business that only has one production process. Integration business has a dominant market share and can influence the price maker. It was suggested that the Government monitor more closely the large companies that carry out integration so as not to collude and form a monopoly market.
Efficiency of Layer’s Supply Chains in Indonesia
Authors: Ilham N , Maulana M , Mardianto S
Published: November 2019

Research on the efficiency of egg’s supply chain focused on various markets is expected to provide input to maintain the existence of small scale layers’ farming. This study aim is to analyze the efficiency of supply chain of small-scale layers’ farming. This research is conducted in April-October 2017 in Blitar Regency, in East Java; Sidrap Regency, in South Sulawesi; and Kabupaten 50 Kota, in Payakumbuh City and Pariaman Regency, in West Sumatra. The number of respondents used are 139 people consisting of officers in related institutions, poultry shop entrepreneurs, traders, breeders association farmers, supermarket managers, hotels, restaurants and caterings. The data collected is analyzed using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results concludes that traders naturally seek efficient supply chains so that their business can be endured. Factors that influence supply chain efficiency are share farmer, profit and marketing cost ratio, and number of actors involved. The higher the farmer share, and the profit-to-cost ratio, and the fewer marketing channel in a supply chain, the more efficient the supply chain system. Large capital farmers are advised to be able to shorten the supply chain by marketing directly to consumers such as hotels, supermarkets, restaurants, hospitals and caterings. The egg supply chain can also utilize the Indonesian Farmer Shop (TTI) developed by the Ministry of Agriculture so that it can increase farmer’s income and stabilize prices.
Income Analysis and Market Profile of Live Cattle and Meat Traders during Meugang Festivity and Normal Market Situation in North Aceh Regency
Authors: Budisatria I G S , Ibrahim A , Koesmara H , Baliarti E , Widi T S M , Atmoko B A
Published: November 2019

Meugang is a tradition for Aceh society referred to meat consumption prior to Islamic religious festivities. During that festivity, the demand for cattle and meat increased significantly and affected meat market profile in Aceh province. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact ofmeugangfestivity celebrations on live cattle traders that in the local name ismugeeand meat traders and also for the market profile. In total, 40 traders were involved in this study for collecting data through interview and direct field observation. Market profile was analyzed using descriptive analysis, and different income was analyzed usingfactorial 2x2 testcontinued with DMRT analysis. The results indicated that profit received bymugeeand meat traders at themeugangfestivity was significantly higher (P<0.05) than profit at the normal market situation. The average of profit gained by themugeeand meat traders duringmeugangfestivity and the normal situation was 1.234.583 vs. 925.833 IDR/day/head and 627.416 vs. 330.556 IDR/day/head, respectively. The value of return cost ratio and benefit-cost ratio, indicating that either live cattle or meat trading activities were significantly benefitted. The profit obtained bymugeeis higher than meat traders at each market situation, andmeugangfestivity has an impact on profit for live cattle and meat traders in North Aceh Regency.
Birth Weight and Body Measurements of Purebred and Crossbred Belgian Blue Calves
Authors: Praharani L , Sianturi R S G , Harmini  , Siswanti S W
Published: November 2019

The Belgian Blue (BB) is a breed of cattle characterized by double muscling. Introduction of Belgian Blue cattle to Indonesian is to increase beef production. A preliminary study was done to compare birth weight and body measurements of purebred BB calves to F1 BB x Friesian Holstein (FH) calves. A total of 10 purebred BB calves and 20 F-1 BB x FH calves were used in this study. Results showed that birth weight and chest girth were significantly affected by genotype of calves (P<0.05). The purebreds had higher birth weight and chest girth (P<0.05). The birth weight were 54.82 kg and 42.86 kg for purebreds and crossbreds, respectively. The body height were 75.30 cm and 76.35 cm for purebreds and crossbreds, respectively. The body length were 66.96 cm and 66.33 cm for purebreds and crossbreds, respectively. The chest girth were 88.46 cm and 81.15 cm for purebreds and crossbreds, respectively. This study was a preliminary information used for recommendation in developing BB cattle.
Concentration of Estrogen and Progesterone during Estrus and the 14th Day of Mating in the Javanese Thin-Tailed Ewes
Authors: Socheh M , Saleh D M , Purbojo S W , Setyaningrum A
Published: November 2019

The aim of this study was to study the effect of giving different levels of energy feed on the concentrations of estrogen and progesterone during estrus and on the 14th day after mating on thin-tail ewes. The material used in this study was 15 head of thin-tail ewes aged between 2.50-3.00 years had a normal estrus cycle and had once lambing. All ewes were randomly placed into three types of treatment of energy feed with different levels, namely: non-flushing 1.01Mcal / kg ME (f0), flushing 2.13Mcal / kg ME (f1) and flushing 2,31Mcal / kg ME (f2). Each treatment was repeated 5 times. The general linear model of SPSS was used to analyze variables measured. The results showed that the average estrogen concentration in thin-tailed ewes during estrus in the flushing group (f1 and f2) was higher than non-flushing (f0). The average progesterone concentration in the thin-tailed ewes on the 14th day after mating in the flushing group (f1 and f2) was higher respectively than the non-flushing group (f0). The increase in feed energy given to thin-tailed ewes in flushing, during estrus increases estrogen concentration and on the 14th day after mating, increase progesterone concentration.
The Effects of Concentrate Based Local Feed Supplementation and Anthelmintic Injection on Bali Cattle Calves and Cows Performances
Authors: Sobang Y U L , Pellokila M R , Fattah S , Yunus M , Maranatha G
Published: November 2019

A study was conducted to determine the effect of local feeds supplementation and anthelmintic injection on calf birth weight, daily weight gain of Bali cattle calves and cows, and fecal egg count. The study was followed a Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments and 5 replications. The experimental diets were T0 ; control diet (legumes without local feed concentrates), T1 ; T0 + local feed concentrates, T2 ; T1 + anthelmintic. The results of this study indicate that both averages birth weight and body weight gain were increased (P<0.05) by local feed concentrates and anthelmintic (T2) were 14.1±0.822kg, 16.82±0.602kg, respectively. In addition, the average fecal eggs count was lower in T2 (25±2.236 egg/g) followed by T1 (64.2±2.490 egg/g) but higher in T0 (68.4±2.702 egg/g). Therefore, it can be concluded that supplementation of local feed concentrates and anthelmintic increased birth weight and body weight gain and at the same time reduced worm egg of Bali cattle calves and cows.
Heterosis Value Estimation of Magelang and Tegal Crossed Ducks Morphometrics Characteristics
Authors: Purwantini D , Santosa R S S , Santosa S A , Ismoyowati  , Rahayu A
Published: November 2019

The aim of this research is to estimate the heterosis value of Magelang and Tegal crossed ducks morphometrics characteristics. The cross between the Magelang duck male and the Tegal female is called Maggal (F1). The research material are 319 ducks consisted of Magelang and Tegal ducks with 10 males and 70 females each, also the cross result of 239 Maggal ducks. Research method is experiment. The variable measured was the morphometric characteristics (body weight, body length, chest circumference, abdominal circumference, shank length, pubis length, and neck lenght) of the duck aged at 6 months. The heterosis value is obtained by comparing the ability of the cross with the parent. This research has shown heterosis in body weight, body length, chest circumference, abdominal circumference, shank length, pubis length, and neck lenght of 6 month old Gallang and Maggal duck were 0.03; 0.01; 0.06; 0.02; -0,05; 0.01; and 0.03. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the heterosis value of Magelang and Tegal crossed ducks morphometrics characteristics were relatively low. The positive heterosis value in body weight, body length, chest circumference, abdominal circumference, pubis length, and neck lenght, while shank length negative.
Phenotype and Genetic Analysis of Growth Characteristics of Sabu and Semau Chickens Which are Conserved Ex-Situ
Authors: Telupere F M S , Nalley W M
Published: November 2019

Sabu and Semau chickens are originated from Sabu and Semau islands, East Nusa Tenggara. The aim of this study was to analyze the phenotypic and genetic of growth characteristics of Sabu and Semau chickens which were conserved ex-situ. Four mating groups as treatments and each using 4 males and 24 females, produced 144 chicks as research material. Mating was by artificial insemination. Observations include data on body weight from the age of 0 - 12 weeks. Nested design analysis were used to obtain the variance components used to estimate the heritability. Heritability was estimated based on male, female, and total variance. The results showed that the body weight resulting from the interse mating (SS) was better than other crosses. The estimation of heritability based on male variance (h2
S), SS, MM, and SM showed positive values, while MS are more negative, except 8 weeks of age. Likewise based on females (h2
D) and the total variance (h2
S+D). Heritability estimates of body weight were low to hight (-2.31 to 2.33) due to small data or sample size. It can be concluded that Sabu and Semau chickens can be conserved ex-situ.
Development of Agrinak Compass Sheep in the Application of Seedlings from Superior Science and Technology
Authors: Harmini  , Rusdiana S
Published: November 2019

The appearance of sheep Compass Agrinak (CA) with pastura care management such as the habits of farmers in Indramayu district shows that CA sheep can adapt well. The research method used in the research is social and technical approaches. One of the indicator can be seen from the birth weight of lambs from cross-breeding between local ewe and CA buck. Birth weight of lambs from crosses is relatively higher than local lambs, which is 3.08 vs 2.5 kg for females and 3.50 vs 3.04 for males. Some problems that require more careful observation where CA sheep die because of “consumed” plastic that may still have left in them as food leftovers consumed by humans wrapped in plastic bags, so that when eating the leaves “eaten” also the plastic wrap that blocks the system digestion and breathing which eventually die. Technology guidance on the preparation of sheep feed from rice (straw) by-products has been carried out at the Bogor experimental station as well as making good and true block minerals and sheep cultivation.
Relationship between the Feeding Patterns with Health Disorders
Authors: Khaerudin A R , Suhartati F M , Wakhidati Y N
Published: November 2019

The objective of this cohort retrospective study was to determine the association be between the influence of feeding patterns with health disorders in the transition period and dentifying potential economic losses in KPBS Pangalengan area. Data from 2065 calving event and incidence of hypocalcemia, retensio placenta, displasia abomasum, ketosis, mastitis, metritis and lameness from January 2017 until December 2018, from 3 groups of feeding patterns, pattern I (concentrate, Penissetum purpureun, tofu/cassava by product), Pattern II (Concentrate, rice straw, cassava by product and pattern III (concentrate, wild grass). Analysis and significances using Relative Risk (RR) and Chi square. The result of analysis, the pattern I had greater risk of hypocalcemia (RR 1.923, 95% CI 1.438-2.571, P 0.0001) and displasia abomasum(RR 4,962, 95% CI 1,813-19,645, P 0.0001) than pattern III and pattern II had and greater risk of retensio placenta (RR 11,014 95%CI 4,898-24,767, P 0.0001), metritis (RR 2,415 95% CI 1,626-3,399 P 0.0001) and mastitis (RR 6,697 95% CI 5,023-8,929, P 0.0001) than pattern III. Pattern I and II had greater risk of experiencing hipocalsemia, retensio secunndinae, displasia abomasum, ketosis, mastitis, metritis and lameness than pattern III. The conclusion of analysis there is a significant (P<0.05) relationship or influnce between the pattern of feeding in transitiom period and pattern III is the best in reducing incidence of periparturient diseases. Diseases that arise implicates the economic loss due to health problems in the transition period is calculated from the cost of veterinarians, Labor (producer Labor), milk loss, discarded milk, culling cost, death, extended days open.
Dairy Breeding Management: the Effect of Body Weight on Conception Rate of Yearling Heifer with PGF2α Induced Estrus Following Artificial Insemination
Authors: Susilorini T E , Wulan P P , Suyadi S
Published: November 2019

This study was to evaluate the conception rate of yearling dairy heifer at PT. Ultra Peternakan Bandung Regency following artificial insemination with PGF2α-induced estrus. A total of 100 heifer records selected randomly from 700 heifers based on body weight (>300 kg) and has normal reproduction were used for this study. Non estrus animal during one day observation was then injected with PGF2α for estrus induction. The animal showing estrus within 11 days observation post PGF2α injection, was inseminated, nevertheless was reinjected for second PGF2α, and the estrus animal was inseminated according to the standard procedure. The results showed that following first PGF2α injection, 50 heifers showed estrus, while 50 non-estrus others were re-injected PGF2α. All 50 animals showed estrus following second PGF2α injection within 11 days thereafter. Body weight was divided into 3 groups, Low (<341 kg), Medium (341-355 kg), and High (>355 kg). There were significant difference (P<0.05) for Service per Conception, S/C (1.94±0.86, 1.60±0.74 and 1.78±0.87), and Conception Rate, CR (39%, 54% and 50%), respectively for Low, Medium and High body weight of yearling heifer. It was concluded that yearling dairy heifers were possible to breed and result pregnancy when reached body weight more than 300 kg.
Texture Profile and Sensory Characteristics of Kefir with Colostrum Addition
Authors: Setyawardani T , Sumarmono J , Rahardjo A H D , Widayaka K , Santosa R S S
Published: November 2019

This study aims at knowing the effect of using raw material combination (cow milk and colostrum) in making kefir on texture profile and sensory characteristics. This study used 6 combinations of treatment; P1 = 100 % cow milk; P2 = 80 % cow milk + 20 % colostrum; P3 = 60 % cow milk + 20 % colostrum; P4 = 40 % cow milk + 60 % colostrum; P5 = 20 % cow milk + 80 % colostrum and P6 = 100 % colostrum. The result shows that hardness and cohesiveness were not influenced by the combination of raw material, gumminess however was influenced by the combination of raw material (p<0.05). The mean of gumminess of kefir was 1.76±1.16 to 4.86 ±0.77 G. The sensory characteristics i.e. flavour, colour, texture, and overall preference were significantly influenced (p<0.05) by the combination of raw material (cow milk and colostrum) used. The score of flavour was 2.47 – 3.10 (less fresh-more acidic); Aroma was 2.43 – 3.20 (acidic but not fresh– rather sour). Colour was 1.3 – 4.93 (white– yellow), texture was 1.80 – 4.73 (smooth- rather rough). Score given by the panellists was 3.20 with scoring criteria “like”. The mean score of “like” was 3.20 (like) - 4.20 (rather like).