bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): An extensive study on evolution, global health, drug targets and vaccines
Authors: Abdul Ashik Khan , Tanmoy Dutta , Palas Mondal , Manab Mandal , Swapan Kumar Chowdhury , Minhajuddin Ahmed , Nabajyoti Baildya , Sourav Mazumdar , Narendra Nath Ghosh
Published: September 2021

The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), has become a worldwide pandemic and the scientific communities are struggling to find out the ultimate treatment strategies against this lethal virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus–2 (SARS-CoV-2). Presently, there is no potential chemically proven antiviral therapy available in the market which can effectively combat the infection caused by this deadly virus. Few vaccines are already developed but it is not clear to the scientific community how much efficient they are to combat SARS-CoV-2. Mode of transmission and symptoms of the disease are two important factors in this regard. Rapid diagnosis of the COVID-19 is very much important to stop its spreading. In this scenario, a complete study starting from symptoms of the disease to vaccine development including various SARS-CoV-2 detection techniques is very much required. In this review article, we have made a partial analysis on the origin, virology, global health, detection techniques, replication pathways, doses, mode of actions of probable drugs, and vaccine development for SARS-CoV-2.
On Friedman equation, quadratic laws and the geometry of our universe
Authors: S Kalimuthu
Published: September 2021

Einstein’s special and general relativity revolutionized physics. The predictions of general relativity are Strong Lensing, Weak Lensing, Microlensing, Black Holes, Relativistic Jets, A Gravitational Vortex, Gravitational Waves, The Sun Delaying Radio Signals, Proof from Orbiting Earth, Expansion of the universe. The density of the universe determines the geometry and fate of the universe. According to Freedman’s equations of general relativity published in 1922 and 1924, the geometry of the universe may be closed, open and flat. It all depends upon the curvature of the universe also. Various results of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR), NASA’s Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), and ESA’s Planck spacecraft probes found that our universe is flat within a margin of 0.4% error. In this short work, by applying the laws of quadratic equations, we attempt to show that OUR UNIVERSE IS FLAT.
Factors associated with mortality after decompressive craniectomy in large basal ganglia bleeds
Authors: Amit Kumar Thotakura , Nageswara Rao Marabathina , Rama Krishnareddy Mareddy , Sivaramanjaneyulu Yeddanapudi
Published: September 2021

Aim: To assess the efficacy of decompressive craniectomy in patients with large basal ganglia (BG) bleed. To establish predictive criteria of mortality after surgery in patients with BG bleed. Materials: This prospective study includes all patients of large spontaneous BG bleed operated by decompressive craniectomy without hematoma evacuation from October 2012 to September 2015. Data was collected on patient age, gender, distribution of bleed, affected hemisphere dominancy, preexisting medical conditions, admission Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), midline shift on CT or MRI Brain, hematoma volume and anisocoria, duration (hours) between the onset of stroke and operation, post-operative complications, and the duration of hospital stay. This data was correlated with one month mortality of the patients. Results: Total number of patients were 27. Mean age was 51 years and mean GCS was 7.55(range 5-11). The mean volume of the bleed was 68.51 ml. Mortality was noted in 17 out of 27 patients (63%) in 30 days. Thirteen of the 16 patients with intraventricular extension of BG bleed had mortality. The factors that showed statistically significant correlation with one month mortality were age, GCS at admission, volume of the bleed and the intraventricular extension. Conclusion: Large BG bleed was associated with high mortality and morbidity. Age of 50 years or more and GCS ≤ 8 at presentation were poor prognostic factors for decompressive craniectomy in patients with BG bleed. Patients with large BG bleed of volume > 60 ml and intraventricular extension had poor prognosis.
Asthma and pregnancy prevalence in a developing country and their mortality outcomes
Authors: Raul Aguilar , Jorge Martinez , Edgar Turcios , Victor Castro
Published: September 2021

Background: Latin America has always had high maternal and infant mortality rates. However, the prevalence of asthma in pregnant patients and their outcomes are unknown. We aimed at answering those questions in a developing country’s maternity hospital. Methods: Since January 2011, a cohort of 591 pregnant asthma patients was prospectively recruited for 60 consecutive months. Patients were followed up by a multidisciplinary team until delivery. They were divided into two groups: one of 186 smokers or morbidly obese patients and another of 405 nonobese nonsmokers. Outcomes of mothers and their babies were documented. Results: Out of 57,031 deliveries, the overall estimated prevalence of 591 asthmatic pregnant patients was 1.03%. When adjusted for age standardized prevalence, it turned to 9.2%. With 28 maternal deaths (49 per 100,000 live births). None of these women had asthma. There were also 413 deaths among newborns (7.24/1000 live births). One occurred in the smoker/obese group (5.37/1000 live births) and two in the nonsmoker nonobese group (4.84/1000 live births). The prevalence of asthma during pregnancy seemed lower than in some affluent societies. Overall maternal mortality rates were similar to national figures; however, data on mothers’ mortality with asthma were unexpectedly absent. Conclusion: A multidisciplinary approach and the use of a low-cost inhaled steroid seemed to be the reasons for this. However, infant mortality rate remained high, which could be related to the risk of asthma itself. We believe there’s a worldwide need for agreements on a standardized approach for asthma’s epidemiological surveys, in order to make them comparable.
Addressing the disparities and the factors related to prolonged inpatient length of stay for solid tumor oncology patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review
Authors: Kamaraju S , Mohan M , Wright T , Charlson J , Wiger W , Kwarteng J , Rezazadeh A , Hammons L , Power S
Published: September 2021

Solid tumor oncology treatments are primarily performed in the outpatient setting. However, hospitalizations are inevitable due to complications of cancer and treatment-related toxicities. With rising health care spending, the length of hospital stay (LOS) is increasingly considered a proxy for healthcare costs. There are several ongoing eff orts to abbreviate the inpatient LOS and ensure a safe and timely discharge to the outpatient setting. In addition to the acute illness and the associated comorbidities, various factors aff ect the LOS: social determinants of health (SDOH), nutritional status in cancer patients, and end-of-life issues. Furthermore, it is unclear how the institutional policies on social distancing and visitation during the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic may impact the LOS. The purpose of this article is to review various factors and barriers that lead to longer LOS for solid tumor patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, and identify the critical areas of quality improvement.
Estratégias de Otimização da Dose de Radiação em Angiotomografia Abdominal
Authors: Assunção MURILO , Souza Dias Thiago , Azambuja Rodrigo , Bitelli Regina Bitelli Medeiros , Freitas Marcelo
Published: September 2021

Esse trabalho apresenta estratégias de gerenciamento de dose e qualidade de imagem em angiotomografia abdominal multifases, utilizando tecnologias disponíveis em um tomógrafo multicortes de 64 canais. São descritas as particularidades de implementação das técnicas de modulação de corrente, de algoritmos de reconstrução iterativa e da variação da tensão para melhoria do contraste das imagens, a partir de testes em um simulador. O indicador de dose em tomografia computadorizada (CTDI) de todo exame foi reduzido em 15,4%, sendo que na fase arterial a redução foi de 32%. Associado a isso, a razão contraste-ruído (CNR) medida na imagem contrastada (iodo) da artéria na região abdominal teve um aumento de 35,8%, reforçando a eficácia das estratégias de otimização. A utilização de valores menores de tensão na fase arterial em associação com o incremento dos níveis de reconstrução iterativa e redução dos níveis de modulação de corrente resultou em uma menor dose de radiação na angiotomografia, garantindo ainda imagens clínicas com qualidade diagnóstica.
Religiões pentecostais e Meios de Comunicação de Massa no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Oro Ari Pedro
Published: September 2021

No sul, como de resto em todo o Brasil, constata-se, nos últimos anos, um aumento considerável do uso dos meios de comunicação de massa, mormente do rádio e da televisão, por parte dos pastores pentecostalistas. Este fato mantém, até certo ponto, alguma relação com o fenômeno que teve um desenvolvimento significativo na América do Norte nas duas últimas décadas conhecido pelo nome de “Igreja Eletrônica”. Ressalve-se porém, como observou Oliveira Cardoso, que nem todo o envolvimento de igrejas com os meios de comunicação de massa se caracteriza como sendo “igreja eletrônica”. No contexto brasileiro, este autor utiliza este conceito com as seguintes características...
Strategi Guru PPKn dalam Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Pali, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Mariyani Mariyani , Alfansyur Andarusni
Published: September 2021

Abstrak

Tantangan besar bagi dunia pendidikan Indonesia semenjak wabah Covid-19 yang melanda saat ini. Terutama dengan adanya surat edaran belajar dari rumah oleh kementerian pendidikan dan kebudayaan dalam kondisi darurat pandemic Covid-19. Untuk mengatasi kondisi saat ini pembelajaran tatap muka menjadi pembelajaran dari rumah dengan memanfaatkan jaringan internet. Menjadi permasalahan utama ketika pembelajaran dari rumah berbasis internet tidak mampu menjangkau berbagai lokasi di Indonesia sehingga proses pembelajaran tidak berjalan dengan optimal. Oleh karena itu peran guru untuk menentukan strategi dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh sangat dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi guru PPKn dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh selama masa Pandemi Covid-19 di PALI, Sumatera Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif deskriptif dengan narasumber 4 orang guru PPKn yang dipilih sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian (purposive sampling). Adapun hasil diperoleh bahwa 1) strategi rencana yang dilakukan guru PPKn ialah merancang pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kondisi siswa di daerah tersebut, lalu melakukan sosialisasi mengenai pembelajaran daring melalui web sekolah, menghubungi orang tua bahkan sosialisasi kepada siswa mengenai pembelajaran daring; 2) strategi taktik yang digunakan guru PPKn ialah mempermudah siswa untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan berbagai media pembelajaran yang bisa diakses oleh semua siswa seperti whatsapp atau google classroom; 3) strategi pola yang dilakukan oleh guru PPKn ialah mengolah pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan media pembelajaran dan pendekatan yang efektif walaupun banyak kendala yang dihadapi oleh siswa dan guru. Simpulan penelitian bahwa dari ketiga strategi yang dilakukan guru PPKn di berbagai kondisi bahwa untuk strategi rencana dan taktik guru telah memaksimalkan kemampuan mengolah pembelajaran jarak jauh berbasis daring. Akan tetapi pada strategi pola agar mampu melaksanakan pembelajaran jarak jauh berbasis daring ini terdapat kendala dan tantangan mengingat berbagai kondisi ekonomi, geografis, sosial bahkan keterjangkauan teknologi dalam menunjang pembelajaran jarah jauh berbasis daring di Sumatera Selatan.
Determinants of residents’ support for Tourism development- A Pilot Study
Authors: Khan Mubashir Ali , Khan Zaibunnisa
Published: September 2021

The aim of this pilot study is to test the reliability and validity of the survey instrument designed to measure the residents’ support for tourism. Since the study uses an adapted questionnaire the need to assess the reliability and validity appears to be desirable. The questionnaire was distributed to altogether 70 residents of Huna Valley. Initially the content and face validity was authenticated by field experts and later on the internal construct validity was calculated through various measures. Hence inter-item correlation shows that all the variables are correlated to each other at significant level. Secondly, construct validity results show that all the constructs used by study are reliable and met the level of acceptability. Therefore, the results validated that modified instrument is valid and reliable in the context of the social lab selected i.e. residents of Huna Velly and a full large scale study can be carried out using this instrument.
Design of Isolated Micro Grid Using Renewable Energy Resources with Energy Storage System via HOMER Software A Case Study of a Thar Community
Authors: Kumar Mahesh
Published: September 2021

Electricity is major requirement for each individual or group to live a prosper and good life, while unfortunately in Pakistan still there are some areas which does not have provision towards this facility. The microgrid is designed to power up those rural areas of Pakistan which does not have provision of electricity via conventional means. To achieve this feat this paper presents a case study of a Thar community or small village located in Thar, Sindh, Pakistan. The small village comprises of 40 houses, some shops and a primary school. The study area having latitude and longitude of 240 52.7’ N and 700 14.4’ E respectively. The microgid consists of a Diesel Generator, Photo voltaic solar panels, Batteries and Flywheel systems. The purpose is to find the most optimal solution using different parameters via Homer optimization software.
Effect of Academic Background on Social Competence and its Relationship with Academic Motivation and Academic Performance of First Year University Students
Authors: Yamin Ghania , Khalid Huma , Tahir Fizza , Khatri Erum , Shoaib Sidra
Published: September 2021

Certain differences have been observed in the students belonging to different academic backgrounds hence the purpose of the current research was to explore the effect of academic background (i.e., Cambridge & HSSC) on Social Competence and to see its relationship with Academic motivation and Academic performance among first year university students. The hypothesis states that there is a significant difference between Social Competence and Academic Motivation of Cambridge and Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC) students. There also exists a significant relationship between Social competence, Academic motivation and Academic performance of first year university students. Research design of the study was comparative co-relational survey design. Whereas sampling technique used was purposive convenient sampling. There were N=166 participants (Males n=53 & Females n=113; Cambridge n=90 & HSSC n=76) with the age range of 18-23 years (M=2.76, SD=1.28) from different private and government universities of Karachi. Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerrand, et al., 1992) and Social Competence Scale (Shujja, Malik, & Khan, 2015) for Adolescence were used for measuring academic motivation and social competence whereas for academic performance previous grades in last given exams were demanded. Statistical analysis including T-test was used for measuring relationship variables of Academic Motivation, Social Competence and Academic Performance among first year university students show no significant relationship. a positive but weak relationship was discovered between social competence and intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, a weak relationship was identified between social competence and gender. This study will help increase insight and improvise the education system and teaching methodologies of both educational systems. Implications for teachers to use innovative methodologies and strategies while teaching to enhance students’ social and academic skills to positively influence their performance.
An Experimental and Comparative study about the engine emissions of conventional diesel engine and dual fuel engine.
Authors: Mehdi Ghazanfar
Published: September 2021

Because of the high thermal effectiveness, consistency, flexibility and economical cost diesel engines are extensively used in the world. Diesel engine emissions are producing serious environmental pollution which consists of oxides of nitrogen (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM). So it’s necessary to find the alternate solution to control diesel emissions. Natural gas is a highly attractive due to its clean burning, low cost and wide spread availability. In this experimental work, single cylinder (8.6 Hp LA186F) four stroke conventional diesel engine was studied. Natural gas is the major gaseous fuel used in dual fuel method which is up to 80% while diesel is used as a pilot fuel for the source of ignition up to 20%. In comparison with the conventional diesel method, it was observed that the dual fuel method significantly reduces the NOX maximum up to 68%, carbon dioxide (CO2) up to 50% and CO maximum up to 72%. However, the HC increased several times, even more than the 5 times in comparison with normal diesel combustion. During dual fuel method the emissions of HCand NOX shows the trade-off connection.
Werner Bergengruen (d. 1964) in Conversation with the Middle Ages: Significant Contributions to Twentieth-Century Medievalism
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: September 2021

Medievalism has experienced an enormous popularity in the last decades, if not century, but the specific contributions by the Baltic German author Werner Bergengruen have not yet received full attention. In light of a selection of his novellas, we can identify him as a meaningful respondent to medieval themes, ideas, concepts, and values which he dealt with rather creatively, employing them for his own ethical, religious, or spiritual musings. Studying Bergengruen’s novellas makes it possible not only to familiarize ourselves once again with one of the most popular German authors from the mid-twentieth century who has unfairly lost in popular appeal maybe since ca. 1970. Through his novellas we also gain intriguing keys to open innovative perspectives toward a variety of literary and didactic texts from the Middle Ages, which are not simply imitated here, but emerge as critical catalysts or sources for Bergengruen’s own reflections on timeless human issues.
Velocity of Money in Ethiopia
Authors: Genemo Kedir Bekeru
Published: September 2021

Velocity of money is an important instrument used to measure the monetary target and quality of monetary policy. Referencing the trends in the money velocity, mainly in the short term, will have a paramount effect in determining the trends in real money growth. This study investigates the main causes of money velocity in Ethiopia using time series data for the period 1974/75 to 2015/16. A regression with Bayesian estimation and nonparametric Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing (LOWESS) methods were used to analyze the data. Variables such as credit, real interest rate, real exchange rate and real per capita income were included as potential determinants of money velocity. The findings of using non-parametric LOWESS methods show an upward trends in the velocity of money since 2002 and downward trends before 2002, indicating the existence’s of prudent monetary policy in Ethiopia after 2002. The result also shows a positive effect of real exchange rate and credit, whereas income per capita and real interest rates have a negative effect on velocity of money in Ethiopia. Hence, this paper recommends that, the policy to encourage sustainable economic growth and increase in interest rate would be beneficial to reduce velocity of money.
Merancang Nilai Ambang Batas Seleksi Kompetensi Bidang Pengadaan PPPK
Authors: Daniarsyah Dida , Santuna Indah Fionera
Published: September 2021

This article discusses how to design the passing grade of field competency selection (SKB)   for the needs of the recruitment process for prospective Government Employees with a Work Agreement (PPPK) who will fill the formation of Functional Positions at the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP). The absence of government guidelines in designing the passing grade value for PPPK candidates triggers Ministries/Institution to design the passing grade value SKB as a necessity in the recruitment process. Research through empirical studies designed the passing grade value SKB for the KKP Functional Position using the Ebel method approach, the Trial Method, and the Judgment Method. The results of the study reveal that the technique of designing the the passing grade value SKB is very dependent on the technical policy of preparing questions so that it is easier, more precise in considering the standard setting method approach or determining the method approach to designing the passing grade value SKB.The  passing grade value SKB for the Functional Position of the KKP Guiding Agency based on the three methods obtained results that have close values ​​or differences that are not too significant. The range of values ​​between the interval 45 – 55 absolute numbers. This data indicates that between the technical policy of problem formulation and determining the Ebel method as an approach to the standard setting method in designing the passing grade  value is correct and inline. 

Keywords: PPPK, Passing Grade  Value, Methods Approach
A Meta-Analysis of Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta), Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis), African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops), and Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) as Large Animal Models for COVID-19
Authors: Witt Alexandra N , Green Rachel D , Winterborn Andrew N
Published: September 2021

Animal models are at the forefront of biomedical research for studies of viral transmission, vaccines, and pathogenesis, yet the need for an ideal large animal model for COVID-19 remains. We used a meta-analysis to evaluate published data relevant to this need. Our literature survey contained 22 studies with data relevant to the incidence of common COVID-19 symptoms in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops), and ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). Rhesus macaques had leukocytosis on Day 1 after inoculation and pneumonia on Days 7 and 14 after inoculation, in frequencies that were similar enough to humans to reject the null hypothesis of a Fisher exact test. However, the differences in overall presentation of disease were too different from that of humans to successfully identify any of these 4 species as an ideal large animal of COVID-19. The greatest limitation to the current study is a lack of standardization in experimentation and reporting. To expand our understanding of the pathology of COVID-19 and evalu- ate vaccine immunogenicity, we must extend the unprecedented collaboration that has arisen in the study of COVID-19 to include standardization of animal-based research in an effort to find the optimal animal model.
Von der »Unfähigkeit zu trauern« bis zur »Willkommenskultur«
Authors: Wirth Hans-Jürgen
Published: September 2021

Im Unterschied zu den meisten anderen Ländern hat die Flüchtlingskrise in Deutschland nicht nur zu einem Erstarken rechtspopulistischer Tendenzen geführt, sondern auch eine Hilfsbereitschaft hervorgerufen, die den Namen »Willkommenskultur« erhielt. Eine ähnliche Besonderheit war auch schon bei den Reaktionen der deutschen Bevölkerung auf Tschernobyl und Fukushima deutlich geworden. Der Autor entwickelt die sozialpsychoanalytische These, dass die jahrzehntelange selbstkritische Auseinandersetzung der Deutschen mit ihrer nationalsozialistischen Vergangenheit ein psychokulturelles Klima geschaffen hat, in dem ein besonders intensives Engagement in der Friedensbewegung, der Ökologiebewegung, der Anti-Atomkraftbewegung und jetzt neuerdings in der sozialen Bewegung für die Integration der Flüchtlinge möglich wurde.
»Fremde sind wir uns selbst«
Authors: Warsitz Rolf-Peter
Published: September 2021

Ausgehend von Julia Kristevas Essay Fremde sind wir uns selbst wird die aktuelle Flüchtlingskrise in Deutschland vor dem Hintergrund sowohl einer individuelle Erfahrung des Umgangs mit Fremdheit als auch einer sozialpsychologische Erfahrung im Sinne der Sozialpathologie der Deutschen reflektiert. Dabei erscheinen Phänomene des aktuellen Rassismus und Rechtsradikalismus ebenso wie diejenigen des dschihadistischen Terrors als Krisenphänomene einer fragilen kulturellen Identität und als Dekompensationszeichen ungelöster adoleszentärer Sozialisationsprozesse und religiöser Identifizierungen. Die Reflexion endet in der Annahme einer paradoxalen Idee eines »Europas der Fremden«.
»There is nobody here – no German body«
Authors: Utler Astrid
Published: September 2021

In diesem Artikel wird eine Einzelfallanalyse aus einer Studie zu Deutschlandbildern präsentiert. Die Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie Geflüchtete und Nicht-Geflüchtete Deutschland sehen, was sie mit Deutschland verbinden. Zu diesem Zweck erhalten die Teilnehmenden Einmalkameras, die nach Abschluss einer zweiwöchigen Phase zurückgegeben und entwickelt werden. Im Anschluss findet ein narratives Interview statt, für das die Bilder den Erzählimpuls bilden. Die Bilder und Interviews werden mit der Segmentanalyse (Breckner, 2010) und der relationalen Hermeneutik (Straub, 2010) ausgewertet. Im Fokus dieses Artikels steht das Datenset eines jungen Mannes, der aus dem Irak geflohen ist. Für ihn bedeutet Deutschland zunächst Leere und Einsamkeit. Aber auch andere Themen wie Freundschaft, Hoffnung, kulturelle Unterschiede und Rassismuserfahrungen bringt er mit Deutschland in Verbindung.
Soziale Praktiken der Menschenrechte
Authors: Neef-Methfessel Tobias
Published: September 2021

Anhand eines narrativen Interviews, das 2012 im Rahmen teilnehmender Beobachtungen bei Protesten Geflüchteter in Berlin geführt wurde, untersucht der vorliegende Artikel exemplarisch, wie die Subjektivierung und Klassifizierung als »Asylsuchender« sich als lebenspraktische Erfahrung ausdrückt und wie sich Performanz und Handlungslogiken im Kontext dieser Erfahrungen entwickeln.
Vertrauen von Jugendlichen zu ihren Eltern und Betreuer*innen im Kontext der Heimerziehung als unkonventionellem familienähnlichen Setting
Authors: Remiorz Silke , Nowacki Katja
Published: September 2021

Die Anzahl der Jugendlichen, die nicht in ihrer Familie aufwachsen, ist in den letzten Jahren gestiegen. Stationäre Heimeinrichtungen sind eine Möglichkeit der Unterbringung und können als familienähnliches Setting angesehen werden. Nehmen die Jugendlichen ihre Betreuer*innen als Bindungspersonen wahr und können sie zu ihnen Vertrauen aufbauen? Wie ist im Unterschied dazu das Verhältnis zu ihren Eltern? Dazu wurden Jugendliche im Rahmen problemzentrierter Interviews und mithilfe von Fragebögen befragt.
Arbeit an der Familie
Authors: Uhlig Tom David
Published: September 2021

Die Psychiatrie ist ein Ort der Refamiliarisierung, wo Sozialisationsaufgaben der Familie an einen institutionellen Rahmen delegiert werden. Es gilt, die psychiatrisierten Subjekte in ein Netz aus Verbindlichkeiten und Pflichten einzuhegen. In den Ergebnissen meiner ethnografischen Studie wird nahegelegt, dass dieses Ziel sich über eine szenische Reinszenierung von Familialität zu realisieren versucht. Der von Klient_innen wie Mitarbeiter_innen geteilte Alltag – unter anderem die Teilnahme am Unterleben der Institution, die Summe kleinerer Regelübertretungen sowie ein spezifischer Arbeitsbegriff – stellt eine Nähe her, die es erlaubt, beschädigte Familialität neu zu verhandeln. Gleichzeitig wird diese Nähe als störend erlebt, als Einbruch in die Logik der Institution. Diese widersprüchlichen Anforderungen werden offenbar von der Institution selbst gestellt, was ich im Folgenden nachvollziehbar machen möchte.
Verantwortete Elternschaft?
Authors: Baldus Marion
Published: September 2021

Pränataldiagnostische Verfahren versprechen Sicherheit und Kontrolle im Übergang zur Elternschaft. Methoden, die das Ungeborene untersuchen, ohne es zu gefährden, sind hochgradig akzeptiert. Dazu gehören Ultraschall und – mit steigender Tendenz – frühe nicht-invasive Tests, die aus wenigen Millilitern mütterlichen Bluts die Chromosomen des Ungeborenen entschlüsseln. Der Zuwachs an Wissen bringt jedoch nicht nur Entlastung. Die Verantwortung werdender Eltern steigt und generiert Ambivalenzen und Dilemmata, die nicht widerspruchsfrei auflösbar sind. Wie Narrative und Appelle mit diesen Ambivalenzen interagieren und elterliche Verantwortung neu akzentuieren, wird anhand einer Diskursanalyse aufgezeigt.
Fundamentalismus und Medien
Authors: von Braun Christina
Published: September 2021

In dem Artikel wird die Rolle der Medien bei der Entwicklung des Fundamentalismus – ob jüdischer, christlicher oder islamischer Art – beschrieben. Ein Rückblick auf die Entstehung des Monotheismus zeigt, wie eng dieser selbst mit dem neu erfundenen alphabetischen Schreibsystem der Antike zusammenhing. Das gilt auch für die modernen Fundamentalismen, die sich zwar auf transzendente Glaubensinhalte berufen, aber ganz im Bann medialer Kommunikation stehen. Sie repräsentieren ›sekundäre Religionen‹ – einen Glauben, der durch Aufklärung hindurchgegangen ist und von deren weltlichen Ansprüchen geprägt ist. Im letzten Abschnitt wird an einem konkreten Beispiel dargestellt, mit welchen medialen Techniken – Internet, soziale Medien, filmische Aufnahmen – die Rekrutierung junger Dschihadisten stattfindet. Da es sich in diesem Fall um eine junge Frau handelt, werden auch die Geschlechterrollen des Fundamentalismus thematisiert.
К ТЕОРИИ ЗАЖИГАНИЯ НАКАЛЕННОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТЬЮ
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ФИЛИППОВ А.А. , БЕРЛИН А.А. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук
Published: September 2021

Комментируются результаты теоретических исследований по зажиганию горючего газа накаленным телом. В классических работах Я. Б. Зельдовича, который использовал стационарную модель зажигания, были выявлены основные свойства процесса. Последующие исследования пошли, главным образом, по пути численного моделирования с использованием нестационарных моделей зажигания. Остался открытым вопрос о том, возможно ли с помощью стационарной модели зажигания количественно воспроизвести экспериментальные данные. За основу взяты известные эксперименты по зажиганию пропановоздушной смеси цилиндрическим проводом, приведенные в книге С. Кумагаи «Горение». Для обработки этих данных использованы два критерия. Первый критерий выведен приближенно, опираясь на решение задачи, полученное Я. Б. Зельдовичем. Показано, что результаты измерений Кумагаи не ложатся на единую линию в координатах, которые следуют из предложенного критерия, а расслаиваются на отдельные линии, отвечающие разным диаметрам накаленного тела. В статье показано, что обработка тех же результатов с использованием критерия зажигания, выведенного ранее А. А. Филипповым, хорошо коррелирует с экспериментом. В статье рассмотрены оба критерия зажигания и предложен физический фундамент для второго критерия.
ПЕРЕХОД ГОРЕНИЯ В ДЕТОНАЦИЮ В ВОЗДУШНЫХ СМЕСЯХ ПРОПАНОВОДОРОДНОГО ГОРЮЧЕГО
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ШАМШИН И.О. , КАЗАЧЕНКО М.В. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ФРОЛОВ С.М. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук,   Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения им. А Г. Мержанова Российской академии наук, БАСЕВИЧ В.Я. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук
Published: September 2021

Предложенный ранее экспериментальный способ оценки детонационной способности (ДС) топливно-воздушных смесей (ТВС), основанный на измерении расстояния и времени перехода горения в детонацию (ПГД) в эталонной импульсно-детонационной трубе (ЭДТ), использован для исследования ПГД в стехиометрических ТВС на основе пропановодородного и метановодородного горючих с объемной долей водорода от 0 до 1 в одинаковых термодинамических и газодинамических условиях. На основе известных данных по горению и самовоспламенению таких горючих ожидалось, что с ростом объемной доли водорода расстояние и время ПГД должны монотонно уменьшаться, а соответствующие зависимости должны быть близки к линейным. Вопреки ожиданиям полученные зависимости оказались нелинейными, а в некоторых случаях - немонотонными: на них наблюдаются локальные максимумы. Анализ результатов позволяет утверждать, что наблюдаемые зависимости - это проявление физико-химических свойств исследуемых ТВС. Изменение конструкции секции ускорения пламени в детонационной трубе в целом не влияет на характер полученных зависимостей: они остаются нелинейными, хотя немонотонность может вырождаться. Подобно другим критическим явлениям в химической кинетике немонотонность может проявляться лишь вблизи критических условий, а при удалении от критических условий она сглаживается или подавляется другими доминирующими эффектами.
TRIGGERING OF DETONATION PROCESSES IN PROPULSION CHAMBER
Authors:   M. A. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, VORONIN D. V.
Published: September 2021

The Navier-Stokes equations have been used for numerical modeling of chemically reacting gas flow in the propulsion chamber. The chamber represents an axially symmetrical plane disk. Fuel and oxidant were fed into the chamber separately at some angle to the inflow surface and not parallel one to another to ensure better mixing of species. The model is based on conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy for nonsteady two-dimensional compressible gas flow in the case of axial symmetry. The processes of viscosity, thermal conductivity, turbulence, and diffusion of species have been taken into account. The possibility of detonation mode of combustion of the mixture in the chamber was numerically demonstrated. The detonation triggering depends on the values of angles between fuel and oxidizer jets. This type of the propulsion chamber is effective because of the absence of stagnation zones and good mixing of species before burning.
Professores em tempos de pandemia: percepções, sentimentos e prática pedagógica
Authors: Sonia  Bessa
Published: September 2021

Essa investigação é um estudo exploratório com desenho descritivo comparativo com objetivos de analisar sentimentos, percepções e ações pedagógicas dos professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental durante a pandemia da covid 19, averiguar os efeitos do fenômeno pandêmico sob o sistema de educação, descrever como o isolamento afetou o segmento educacional dos anos iniciais em função do acesso aos processos de ensino aprendizagem e prática pedagógica. Foi constituída amostra de 67 professores que atuam nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental de duas unidades federativas do Brasil (SP e GO). Como instrumento, foi utilizado um questionário on-line via google forms. A percepção e os sentimentos dos docentes frente à experiência com o ensino remoto, foram muito similares perpassando variáveis como idade, sexo, cidade e estado em que reside e redes de ensino em que trabalham. Os participantes partilharam necessidades similares quanto ao apoio financeiro, psicológico e técnico. A priorização do trabalho foi uma realidade para os professores.
Quando as escolas fecharam! Lugar da docência a partir dos relatos das professoras aos grupos na universidade
Authors: Pasini Juliana Fátima , Paula Flávia Anastácio de , Demenech Flaviana
Published: September 2021

O trabalho apresenta reflexões resultantes do atendimento emergencial em tempos de pandemia nas ações realizadas pelo grupo de Pesquisa Mediar vinculado à UNIOESTE,  sobre a formação de professores inicial e continuada articuladas especialmente das relações sobre a atuação docente, o ensino remoto. Ancorada nos estudos de Cunha, Vygotsky e Guedes-Pinto, tomamos como possibilidade ofertar os projetos de extensão remotos e a partir deles construir grupos focais. Os encontros remotos são reconhecidos, nesse texto, como ações que contemplam a formação inicial e continuada dos professores. Como resultados apontamos: o papel da escrita, mediação, reconfiguração do tempo e espaço, professoralidade, o protagonismo, articulação da formação inicial com a formação continuada e aprendizagem significativa, nas escolhas e discursos dos participantes nos projetos desenvolvidos.
Application of the infrared scanning method for optimizing the microclimate of the winter garden for bees
Authors: Evsyukova V.K.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the practical significance of using the infrared scanning method to optimize the microclimate of wintering grounds for bee colonies in extreme conditions of the cryolithozone. When monitoring the microclimate by generally accepted zoohygienic methods, the devices record specific indicators of a particular parameter (temperature, humidity, air velocity, pressure, noise, light), while the reason for the deviation from the standard indicators for optimizing the microclimate is not always possible to find out. When using the infrared scanning method with the Irtis 2000SN thermal imager to determine the reasons for the deviation of the microclimate parameters from the standards, the following results were obtained: defects of enclosing structures were found: joints of walls and floor and joints of floor boards with a minus temperature of up to -21°C; the entrance group with a defect of heat leakage, warming the outdoor air to -36°C at an outdoor temperature of -48°C; the reason for the deviation of the air velocity of 0.18 m/s deviation from the standard by 0.08 m/s are defects of enclosing structures (Fig.7,8,12). The targeted elimination of the defects of the enclosing structures detected by infrared scanning made it possible to quickly optimize the parameters of the microclimate of the winter garden, thereby increasing the results of successful wintering of bee colonies. The analysis of the wintering results showed that the proportion of successful wintering in 2019 was 90%, which is 20% more than in 2018 and 30% more than in 2017
Trastornos respiratorios durante el sueño en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico
Authors: Folgueira Agustin Leandro , Valiensi Stella Maris , De Francesco Laura , Berrozpe Elda Cecilia , Quiroga Narvaez Julieta , Martínez Oscar Adolfo , Bonardo Pablo
Published: September 2021

Introducción:

Los trastornos respiratorios durante el sueño (TRDS), sobre todo el síndrome de apneas hipopneas obstructivas (SAHOS) en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular o ACV, son frecuentes y pueden complicar su evolución. El objetivo fue analizar diversos TRDS en pacientes con ACV.

Métodos:

Estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal y retrospectivo de 19 meses, en  pacientes con ACV, mediante polisomnografía nocturna con oximetría (PSG).

Resultados:

Se incluyó a 53 pacientes, con edad media de 67 ± 12 años, y 62% pertenecían al sexo masculino. Se evaluó los TRDS mediante polisomnografía nocturna con oximetría dentro de los 10 días de instalado el ACV. Se detectó un índice de apneas hipopneas durante el sueño (IAH) de grado leve en 21%, grado moderado en 31% y severo en 34%. La media de tiempo de saturación de oxígeno < a 90% fue de 38 ±51 minutos. La saturación mínima de oxígeno fue marcada en lesiones infratentoriales.

Conclusión:

Nosotros hemos encontrado en nuestro estudio, un alto porcentaje de SAHOS, que se asoció a pacientes de mayor edad y mayor índice de masa corporal. Se constató descenso marcado de la saturación mínima y mayor tendencia a presentar apneas centrales en lesiones infratentoriales. El diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz podría minimizar el daño neuronal y mejorar el pronóstico.
Risk of readmission to the emergency department in mild COVID-19 outpatients with telehealth follow-up
Authors: Pedretti Ana , Marquez Fosser Santiago , Pasquinelli Rosario , Vallone Marcelo , Plazzotta Fernando , Luna Daniel , Martinez Bernardo , Rodriguez Paz , Grande Ratti María Florencia
Published: September 2021

Introduction: To describe patients´ characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 with mild symptoms discharged home from the Emergency Department (ED) and followed using telemedicine, to estimate ED-readmission rates and hospitalization, and to explore associated factors with these clinical outcomes.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study in Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires from June to August 2020, which included patients with mild COVID-19 symptoms, diagnosed with a positive result. Follow-up occurred from discharged until ED-readmission or 14 days. We estimate cumulative incidence using the Kaplan-Meier model and associated factors using logistic regression.
Results: We included 1,239 patients, with a median of 41 years and 53.82% male. A total of 167 patients were readmitted to the ED within 14 days, with a global incidence rate of 13.08% (95%CI 11.32-15.08). Of these, 83 required hospitalization (median time from diagnosis 4.98 days), 5.98% was not related to any COVID-19 complication, and five patients died. After adjustment by confounders (age ≥65, sex, diabetes, hypertension, former smoking, active smoking, fever, diarrhea, and oxygen saturation), we found significant associations: former smoking (adjusted OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.31-3.34, p0 .002), fever (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.07-2.28, p0.002) and oxygen saturation (aOR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71-0.95, p0.009).
Conclusion: The 13% rate of ED-readmission during 14 days of follow-up of mild symptomatic COVID-19 patients initially managed as outpatients with telehealth is highly significant in hospital management, quality performance, and patient safety.
Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes hospitalizados por infección por SARS-CoV-2 en dos hospitales en Córdoba
Authors: Saad Emanuel José , Correa Barovero María Antonella , Marucco Federico Ariel , Rodríguez Bonazzi Silvina Trinidad , Tarditi Barra Ayelén , Zlotogora Melani , Villada Sofía María , Douthat y Barrionuevo Augusto , Heredia María Celeste , Caeiro Juan Pablo , Fernández Pehuén , Albertini Ricardo Arturo
Published: September 2021

Introducción: La enfermedad COVID-19 muestra una marcada heterogeneidad en su curso clínico, habiéndose descripto algunos factores que se asocian un peor pronóstico. El conocimiento del comportamiento de la enfermedad en el escenario local es de gran relevancia para permitir un mejor abordaje. 

Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo en dos hospitales de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, de pacientes de 18 años o más hospitalizados por infección activa por SARS-CoV-2, desde marzo a octubre del año 2020. 

Resultados: Se incluyeron 448 pacientes, de los cuales el 95.75% correspondieron a neumonía COVID-19. La mayoría de los episodios ocurrieron en hombres (63.6%), la mediana de edad fue 63 años (RIC:53-75), y las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron hipertensión arterial (55.1%), obesidad (31.7%) y diabetes mellitus (28.1%). Requirieron ingreso a unidad de cuidados intensivos 162 pacientes (36.2%) y 66 (14.7%), asistencia respiratoria mecánica. Fallecieron 67 pacientes (15%) dentro de los primeros 30 días de seguimiento. En el análisis multivariado la única variable independiente predictora de mortalidad a los 30 días fue la edad (Odds ratio ajustado [ORa]=1.08, IC95%=1.04-1.11, p<0.001). Los scores pronósticos 4C-Score y CALL-Score presentaron muy buena discriminación (Área bajo la curva [ABC]=0.766, IC95%=0.72-0.80 y ABC=0.785, IC95%=0.70-0.85, respectivamente) y los porcentajes predichos de mortalidad se aproximaron bastante a lo observado en el presente estudio. 

Conclusiones: La mayoría de los pacientes hospitalizados por infección por SARS-CoV-2 presentaban comorbilidades y se presentaron como neumonía, asociada a una elevada mortalidad. Los scores pronósticos con mejor rendimiento para predecir complicaciones fueron el 4C-Score y el CALL score.
"Point of no return" in diabetic neuropathies: delusion or crime? International consensus
Authors:   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia, Barinov Aleksey , Khalimova Аsiya ,   Medical Center «OFTALMO-MEDICAL», Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Тuruspekova Saule ,   Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

Polyneuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus is manifested by a lesion of peripheral sensory, motor and autonomic nervous system. Different severity of damage of sensory, motor and autonomic fibers in typical and atypical forms of diabetic polyneuropathy, require a differentiated approach to therapy, but not the rejection of its implementation. In an interdisciplinary consensus, consultations are held with physicians from different regions of the Russian Federation, and modern methods of diagnosing and assessing the severity of diabetic polyneuropathies, which determine the algorithm for treating patients, are discussed. Keywords: diabetic polyneuropathy, neuropathic pain, gabapentinoids, antidepressants, thioctic acid, benfotiamine, neurotropic therapy, pentasinergy, neuroplasticity, point of no return, therapeutic nihilism, interdisciplinary consensus on DPN.
Pendidikan Islam STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION
Authors: Kulsum Ummu
Published: September 2021

Strategi merupakan langkah untuk menyiapkan suatu program atau konsep agar apa yang sudah direncanakan berhasil dengan baik sesuai dengan tujuan yang diinginkan. Demikian halnya dalam strategi pembelajaran  dalam mengelola kelas dibutuhkan beberapa pendekatan antara lalin, pendekatan modifikasi perilaku, pendekatan iklim sosial emosional, eendekatan proses kelompok dan pendekatan eklektik. Beberapa pendekatan tersebut perlu disesuaikan dengan mata pelajaran yang diingikan, contoh mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam, maka diperlukan strategi pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pendekatan dari salah satu dari beberapa pendekatan itu. Untk lebih maksimalnya capaian hasil akhir dari proses pembelajaran di kelas maka menggunakan outcome based educatin (OBE), karena tujuan akhir dari OBE ini siswa dituntun meniliki kompetensi dan skill sesuai dengan ranah kognitif, ranah afektif dan ranah psikomotor dalam pembelajaran di kelas.