bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties of Fibrous Composites with Polyester: A Comparative Analysis Between Sisal Fiber and Pet
Authors: Matheus Vinicius Falcão Moreira  , Lorrane Carneiro Laranjeira Silva  , Joyce Batista Azevedo  , Pollyana da Silva Melo Cardoso  , Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa  , Daniel Vianna Goes Araujo
Published: January 2021

Fiber-reinforced composites represent 75% of the application of these materials in several industrial segments. It has the purpose of improving technical characteristics and reducing environmental impact through the use of sustainable raw materials such as natural fibers and other fibers from industrial waste. In this sense, the objective of this work was to study and compare the mechanical properties of polyester composites (PL) reinforced with natural sisal fiber and residues of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) synthetic fibers. Initially, we evaluated the moisture and morphology of the fibers. The composites with PL matrix were obtained and the fiber concentration varied by 1%, 3%, and 5% by weight. In the composites, the mechanical properties under flexion and impact resistance were evaluated. We concluded that the level of reinforcement with sisal fibers did not significantly affect the mechanical properties. However, the PET fiber provided significant improvements in the properties of the composite. Thus, the composites reinforced with PET fiber residue have advantages in the development of new material with sustainable characteristics.
On the English Translation of Chinese Advertisements from the Perspective of Elegantization and Popularization
Authors: Feng Wang , Yunhui Zhu , Ya Ma
Published: January 2021

Based on an analysis of the characteristics and functions, we aim to study the English translation of Chinese advertisements from a new perspective of elegantization and popularisation. According to the research, three main factors influence the translation strategy of elegantization and popularisation: functional orientation, price positioning, and consumers' social class. Elegantization is to make the language more beautiful, and the sentence structure more complex. Sometimes, poetic forms and poetic expressions are used. Popularisation is to use simple words and simple sentence structures to help the target audience better understand the characteristics of goods. In translation practice, translators are supposed to not only thoroughly understand the characteristics of Chinese advertisements, master the intention of advertisements, but also understand the characteristics of the target audience to appropriately translate the original Chinese advertisements, to enhance product recognition, and to arouse customers’ interests in buying the products.
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE PLÁNTULAS EN FAMILIAS DERIVADAS DE UNA POBLACIÓN DE MÁIZ POLIEMBRIÓNICO
Authors: Musito-Ramírez Noé , Espinoza-Velázquez José , González-Vázquez Víctor M. , Gallegos-Solórzano José E. , De León-Castillo Humberto
Published: January 2021

La poliembrionía en maíz (Zea mays L.) es un carácter genético que se caracteriza por producir semilla prolífica y granos con alta calidad nutritiva. En este trabajo se estudió la germinación, frecuencia poliembriónica y anormalidad en plántulas de 15 d de edad, así mismo, se determinó el efecto del sentido de cruza al formar familias de hermanos completos sobre estas variables. Las familias provenientes de tres tipos de familias; (líneas S1; hermanos completos HC; y medios hermanos, MH) se derivaron de una población poliembriónica de porte normal, denominada UA-IMM-NAP, durante el ciclo P-V/2005 en Saltillo, Coahuila, México. Las familias (403 S1, 330 HC y 169 MH) se sembraron en cajas de germinación con 30 semillas por caja, y a los 15 d después de la siembra se hicieron las evaluaciones. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar, con datos desbalanceados, con un modelo de efectos aleatorios. Los resultados mostraron que el grupo de MH presentó superioridad (P < 0.01) sobre los otros dos, en germinación (95 %), poliembrionía (63 %) y normalidad de plántula (90 %). La endogamia de las líneas S1 redujo los valores de las características evaluadas y no produjo incremento en poliembrionía, pero permitió ubicar familias con mayor carga de genes deletéreos. Al comparar cruzas directas vs. recíprocas de los HC, se detectaron diferencias (P < 0.05) en poliembrionía, con 64 % para cruzas directas y 56 % para las recíprocas.
PROPAGACIÓN in vitro DEL HÍBRIDO ALMENDRO X DURAZNO H1
Authors: Parada-Ponce Dulce M. , Villegas-Monter Ángel
Published: January 2021

El híbrido almendro x durazno H1 tiene potencial para ser utilizado como portainjerto de durazno (Prunus persica L.) debido a que resiste sequía, suelos poco fértiles, presencia de nematodos, asfixia radical y clorosis inducida por deficiencia de Fe. Como el híbrido propagado por semilla daría segregación, se debe multiplicar vegetativamente para retener las características deseables. Una alternativa es el cultivo in vitro, con el cual se pueden obtener plantas libres de patógenos y genéticamente uniformes. Para el establecimiento in vitro a quí se utilizaron ápices y fracciones de tallo más yema como explantes, obtenidos de una planta adulta, y se evaluaron tiempos de exposición a hipoclorito de sodio para la desinfestación. Se emplearon dos medios de cultivo, Woody Plant Medium (WPM) y WPM modificado (WPMm), y durante la etapa de proliferación se probaron cuatro niveles de nitrato de amonio y tres de benciladenina (BA). Para el enraizamiento se probaron cuatro niveles de auxina. El menor porcentaje de contaminación (6.6 %) se logró con ápices, pero el mayor establecimiento (44 %) in vitro ocurrió con secciones nodales del tallo en el medio WPM. En la fase de multiplicación, el mayor número de brotes (20.4) se logró en medio WPM adicionado con 2 mM de nitrato de amonio más 2.5 µM de BA. La aplicación de ácido indolbutírico promovió el enraizamiento in vitro, pues al aumentar la concentración de auxina se incrementó el número de raíces, pero disminuyó su longitud. El enraizamiento y la aclimatación se pueden realizar simultáneamente si se aplica Radix 10 000® a 20 % (p/p) durante el trasplante, y así se evitaría la fase de enraizamiento in vitro. El protocolo aquí empleado permitió la micropropagación del híbrido almendro x durazno H1 a partir de plantas adultas desarrolladas en campo.
ETIOLOGÍA DE LA MARCHITEZ DEL ‘CHILE DE AGUA’ (Capsicum annuum L.) EN OAXACA, MÉXICO
Authors: Vásquez-López Alfonso , Tlapal-Bolaños Bertha , Yáñez-Morales M. de Jesús , Pérez-Pacheco Rafael , Quintos-Escalante Manuel
Published: January 2021

Se determinaron los agentes causales de la marchitez de plantas de ‘Chile de agua’ (Capsicum annuum L.) en Cuilapam de Guerrero, San Jerónimo Tlacochahuaya y San Sebastián Abasolo, Oaxaca, México. Se colectaron 120 plantas con síntomas de marchitez y se obtuvieron 95 aislamientos fungosos pertenecientes a los géneros: Alternaria, Fusarium, Macrophomina, Rhizoctonia, y Stemphylium, los cuales se aislaron de 15, 19, 6, 38 y 17 muestras, respectivamente. Además se obtuvieron ocho y siete aislamientos de los oomicetes Phytophthora y Pythium, respectivamente. Los postulados de Koch se cumplieron in vitro e invernadero. En plántulas de 5 d de edad in vitro, Fusarium lateritium, F. oxysporum, Macrophomina sp., Phytophthora capsici, Pythium sp., Rhizoctonia sp. (binucleada) y R. solani causaron estrangulamiento y necrosis del cuello de la raíz (ahogamiento) y muerte de plántulas. En plantas de 45 d de edad inoculadas en invernadero los aislamientos patogénicos fueron P. capsici y R. solani. P. capsici causó marchitez, necrosis de cuello de raíz y tallo sin desprendimiento de epidermis y muerte de planta a 6 d después de la inoculación (ddi). R. solani causó marchitez con recuperación temporal de turgencia, necrosis de cuello de raíz y tallo con desprendimiento de epidermis y estrangulamiento de raíces secundarias a 34 ddi.
LA ROTACIÓN DE CULTIVOS Y LAS PROPIEDADES DE LA CÁSCARA DE ALMENDRA COMO SUSTRATO
Authors: Martínez-Gutiérrez Gabino A. , Ortiz-Hernández Yolanda D. , Urrestarazu-Gavilán Miguel , Salas-San Juán Ma. del Carmen , Escamirosa-Tinoco Cirenio
Published: January 2021

La cáscara del fruto del almendro (Prunus dulcis L.) es un residuo orgánico de la industria de los frutos secos, con mínima utilización en los países mediterráneos. Con el propósito de utilizar este material como medio de cultivo para hortalizas, se estudió el efecto del tiempo de uso como sustrato en función de sus propiedades físicas y químicas. Los experimentos se hicieron en invernadero tipo parral. El tiempo de uso de la cáscara de almendra como sustrato, estuvo determinado por tres ciclos de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) y dos de melón (Cucumis melo L.) de 165 y 100 d respectivamente, cultivados en sacos de 25 L. Para el análisis del sustrato se tomaron muestras de tres sacos de los sustratos reutilizados, por cada ciclo de cultivo. Durante los primeros 165 d de uso, el porcentaje en peso de partículas medianas (de 0.125 a 2 mm) disminuyó, mientras que las gruesas (de 4 a 8 mm) aumentaron. Hasta los 430 d de uso, tanto las partículas finas (menores a 0.125 mm) como las muy gruesas (8-16 mm) se incrementaron. A través del tiempo todas las propiedades físicas variaron significativamente. La densidad aparente disminuyó en 0.28 g cm-3, mientras que el espacio poroso total aumentó en 27 %. La mojabilidad y la contracción aumentaron más de 100 %, de acuerdo con el intervalo óptimo. Las relaciones aire-agua también se modificaron y fue a los 430 d de uso cuando la mayoría de sus valores se ubicaron en el óptimo. Los valores de las propiedades físicas y químicas fueron mejores a través del tiempo y se ubicaron en el intervalo óptimo, de modo que dicho sustrato se puede utilizar hasta 695 d.
EFECTOS DEL CAMBIO DE PRECIOS DE GARANTÍA A PROCAMPO EN PRECIOS AL PRODUCTOR, SIN INCLUIR EFECTO DE IMPORTACIONES
Authors: Hernández-Ortiz Juan , Martínez-Damián Miguel A.
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo se analizó el efecto que ha tenido el cambio de política de apoyos a la agricultura, de precios de garantía a apoyos directos al productor (PROCAMPO) en el costo de una canasta conformada por maíz, frijol, arroz, trigo y sorgo, al eliminar el efecto depresor en precios de las importaciones, mediante cuatro índices de precios diferentes. Los resultados mostraron que al retirar la política de precios de garantía, y libre del efecto de las importaciones en los precios, el costo de dicha canasta bajó en 56.38 % bajo pagos PROCAMPO.
MODELOS DE CRECIMIENTO EN ALTURA DOMINANTE PARA Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden y E. urophylla S. T. Blake EN OAXACA, MÉXICO
Authors: Gómez-Tejero Joaquín , De los Santos-Posadas Héctor M. , Fierros-González Aurelio M. , Valdez-Lazalde J. René
Published: January 2021

Un grupo de familias de curvas de índice de sitio basados en los modelos de Schumacher y Hossfeld IV se ajustaron con mínimos cuadrados ordinarios a datos de plantaciones de Eucalyptus grandis y E. urophylla de rápido crecimiento en el sureste de México. Con datos de la primera remedición se validaron las proyecciones de las familias de índice de sitio obtenidas a partir de Schumacher y Hossfeld IV. El crecimiento en altura dominante para E. grandis se estimó más eficientemente con la familia anamórfica derivada de Hossfeld IV, mientras que para E. urophylla se estimaron mejor con la familia polimórfica 1 de Hossfeld IV.
AFLP ANALYSIS OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN THREE REPRODUCTIVE FORMS OF Agave tequilana
Authors: Abraham-Juárez María Jazmín , Ramírez-Malagón Rafael , Gil-Vega Katia del C. , Simpson June
Published: January 2021

El género Agave pertenece a la familia Agavaceae y cuenta con alrededor de 200 especies, con diversos usos. Agave tequilana es una de las especies más importantes a nivel industrial en México, ya que los azúcares que se acumulan en sus tallos son usados para producir la bebida alcohólica llamada tequila. La producción de agave es soportada por una intensiva propagación clonal y supresión de la reproducción sexual, lo cual ha conducido a reducción en la variabilidad genética y mayor susceptibilidad a plagas y enfermedades en plantaciones comerciales. No obstante, este estudio con plantas de un campo de cultivo del Estado de Guanajuato, México, llevado a cabo con marcadores AFLP, muestra que existen diferencias a nivel molecular entre hijuelos y bulbillos producidos asexualmente provenientes de la misma planta madre (75.08 % y 86.06 % de loci polimórficos, respectivamente). Aunque se observa un nivel significativo de polimorfismo entre hijuelos de rizoma, los niveles son aún más altos entre bulbillos con valores comparables a los encontrados entre plantas producidas por semilla (90.1 %). Por ello se propone un estudio más detallado de los factores que están causando la variabilidad genética entre individuos de Agave tequilana propagados asexualmente.
MINIMIZACIÓN DEL RIESGO DE LA RENTABILIDAD DE UN PORTAFOLIO DE DOS ACTIVIDADES AGROPECUARIAS O FORESTALES
Authors: Caldiño-García Eneas Arturo , Ávila-Dorantes José Antonio
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo se considera el caso de un productor agropecuario o forestal renuente al riesgo que desea invertir en dos actividades productivas simultáneas diferentes y en un instrumento financiero sin riesgo, mediante la formación de un portafolio que le dé el menor riesgo posible. La formación de este portafolio es una forma de auto-aseguramiento que le permite una reducción en el riesgo inherente a su actividad empresarial.
LIBERACIÓN COMERCIAL DE MAÍZ TRANSGÉNICO Y ACUMULACIÓN DE TRANSGENES EN RAZAS DE MAÍZ MEXICANO
Authors: Turrent-Fernández Antonio , Serratos-Hernández José A. , Mejía-Andrade Hugo , Espinosa-Calderón Alejandro
Published: January 2021

Se analizan aspectos del mejoramiento genético autóctono de maíz (MGAM), la biología reproductiva de la especie, la tecnología actual del ADN recombinante (TADNR) y la Ley de Bioseguridad de Organismos Genéticamente Modificados (LBOGM), para inferir sobre la posible acumulación de transgenes en más de 50 razas nativas de maíz (RNM), a consecuencia de una eventual liberación comercial del maíz genéticamente modificado (MGM) en México. Se destacan las diferencias entre la primera oleada de MGM, importada de E.E. U.U. como grano y una segunda “oleada” de MGM adaptada a México. Los hábitos reproductivos del maíz lo hacen proclive a la difusión de alelos entre sus poblaciones, mientras que las prácticas del MGAM propician el cruzamiento por la ruta “semilla-polen”. En la etapa comercial actual de la TADNR no sería posible controlar el locus de inserción, por lo que los 50 eventos transgénicos independientes (ETI) del mercado mundial de semillas de MGM estarían dispersos en el espacio cromosómico. Tal dispersión haría posible que los ETI sean concentrables, por cruzamiento, en un solo genotipo. También es posible que con la liberación comercial de MGM, los ETI fluyan y se acumulen en el genoma residente de las más de 50 RNM. Se ignora si hay umbral(es) deletéreo(s) de acumulación de transgenes, más allá del cual se dañe la diversidad del maíz nativo; por tanto, el Principio Precautorio habría de prevalecer sobre cualquier otra consideración. La investigación pertinente habría de ser llevada a cabo bajo estrictas normas de bioseguridad, y sus resultados e implicaciones entendidas, antes de proceder a la liberación comercial de MGM al campo mexicano.
Farklı Sucul Sistemlerden İzole Edilen Bakterilerin Antibiyotik Dirençliliklerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: GÜNGÖR Neslihan , İPEK Zeynep Zehra , ER Akif , KAYIŞ Şevki
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde iki farklı sucul sistemde (deniz ve tatlı su) bazı balıklardan izole edilen bakterilerde antibiyotik dirençliliği karşılaştırılmıştır. Denizel ortamdan Rize sahillerinden örneklenen, denizatı (Hippocampus guttulatus), mezgit (Merlangius merlangus), levrek (Dicentrarchus labrax), istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus), palamut (Sarda sarda), gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ve karides (Philocheras trispinosus) olmak üzere 7 farklı konaktan toplamda 15 bakteri izolatı kullanılmıştır. Tatlı su örnekleri olarak ise Artvin ilinde yer alan Deriner Baraj Gölü’nde, 6 farklı sazan türlerinden izole edilen toplam 32 adet bakteri izolatı kullanılmıştır. İzolatların, Ampisilin (AM10μg), Gentamisin (CN10μg), Oksitetrasiklin (T30μg), Amoksisilin- Klavulanik Asit (AMC10μg), Enrofloksasin (ENR5μg), Trimetoprim/Sulfametoksazol (SXT25μg), Florfenikol (FFC30μg), Sulfametoksazol (SMZ25μg), Eritromisin (E15μg) olmak kaydıyla 9 farklı antibiyotiğe karşı dirençlilik durumları disk difüzyon yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. İzolatlar içerisinde Aeromonas ve Pseudomonas cinsi bakterilerin ayrıca antibiyotik dirençliliği irdelenmiştir (MAR). Farklı sucul sistemlerden izole edilen bakterilerin çoğul antibiyotik direnç indeksleri irdelendiğinde, tüm sistemlerde MAR indeksi eşik değer olan 0,2’den yüksek kaydedilmiştir. Denizel kökenli izolatlar Ampisilin ve Enrofloksasin dışında tüm antibiyotiklere karşı daha dirençli bulunmuştur.
حماية رضا المستهلك في التعاقد عبر الانترنت دراسة في القانونين العراقي والفرنسي
Authors: الساعدي جليل حسن
Published: January 2021

لقد أصبحت حماية المستهلك في التعاقد عبر الانترنت، محل اهتمام الفكر القانوني بأبعاده الثلاثة، التشريع والفقه والقضاء، وهذه الحماية تجد أساسها في المركز الضعيف للمستهلك، واختلال التوازن بينه وبين المهني الذي يقدم له السلعة أو الخدمة عبر الانترنت. ولقد اختص هذا البحث بحماية رضا المستهلك في التعاقد عبر الانترنت وذلك في أربعة مباحث على النحو الآتي:

المبحث الأول: ماهية عقد الاستهلاك عبر الانترنت.

المبحث الثاني: إيجاب المهني في عقد الاستهلاك عبر الانترنت.

المبحث الثالث: قبول المستهلك في عقد الاستهلاك عبر الانترنت.

المبحث الرابع : اتفاقات حماية رضا المستهلك في عقد الاستهلاك عبر الانترنت.
التجرد من الميول الذاتية لدى القاضي الجزائي
Authors: المزوري وعدي سليمان
Published: January 2021

قال تعالى )) ان الله يأمركم أن تؤدوا الامانات الى اهلها واذا حكمتم بين الناس

ان تحكموا بالعدل (( 1. فالاية تفيد انه يجب على كل مؤمن ان يحافظ على الشئ

ويرعاه ويؤديه الى صاحبه، ومايهمنا هنا هو الجزء الثاني من هذه الاية والمتعلقة

بعدالة الحكم الصادر من قبل متولي القضاء. فالقضاء بين الناس ليس عملا عاديا،

بل يمكن القول انه ليس عملا آدميا انه عمل الهي، وانه لتجاوز كبير ان يكون

القاضي بشرا ولكنه بشر كيف يقضي بين الناس وهو منهم، به ضعفهم وبه

عيوبهم؟ والقضاء واسع يستلزم الكمال: العدالة، الثقافة الشاملة، المعرفة العميقة،

النظرة والبصيرة المستنيرة، الثبات وقوة الاعصاب، الحكمة والصبر واللياقة

والفطنة واليقظة… الخ. فاذا كان القضاء هو تلك الامانة العظيمة التي ابت

السموات والجبال ان تحملها، فحملها الانسان على ضعفه ورقة حاله، فانة ينبغي

ان يكون القاضي في جميع الاحوال انسانا مثاليا، وهذا اضعف الايمان وفي الوقت

نفسة اقصى مافي الامكان! فالقاضي المثالي هو الذي يقضي بين الناس بالحق

والعدل والذي تنزه عما يختلج في نفس كل انسان مما يدري ولايدري.

ومن جانب اخر فان القضاء هو المثال الوحيد للعمل الذي يستلزم جهاد

الشخصية بكاملها، فكل عمل من الاعمال يستطيع الانسان ان يؤديه بجانب من

نفسه فالتعليم والطب والهندسة وغيرها يحتاج كل منها الى ملكة او مهارة اودراية

خاصة بينما القضاء تمتد جذوره فتحيط بكل اصل من حياة القاضي: عقلية او

عاطفية او انفعالية او مزاجية او ارادية اوصحية او عائلية… الخ فاذا جلس

القاضي على منصة القضاء اوخلا الى نفسه ليصدر الحكم فانه لا يستطيع ان

يفصل شخصيته كقاض عن شخصيته كانسان تمام الفصل، ومن هنا حف طريق

القضاء بالمخاطر والصعوبات، فالقاضي كأنسان عرضة لان يقع تحت تاثير

الايحاء فيفسد عمله وحكمه، وخليق بأن تنطوي نفسه على جراح وندوب قديمة

او حديثة، واتجاهات وميول عامة او خاطئة تؤثر في حكمه ابلغ التأثير، والقاضي

بعد ذلك مطالب بأن يصيب في حكمه كبد الحقيقة فلا يدين بريئأ اويبرئ جانيا،

وان يوقع على الجاني نصيبه من العقاب دون مبالغه في القسوة او اسراف في

الرحمة ليصل بذلك الى عدالة الحكم الذي يصدره.

واذا كان القضاء على هذه الدرجة من الخطورة والحساسية نظرا لاهمية

موضوعه، وهو الفصل بين المتقاضين، فأنه يتطلب في القائم على هذه الوظيفة

ان يكون محايدا حيال النزاع المعروض عليه كي يتسنى له البت فيه بموضوعية،

فمنذ ان اهتدى الفكر البشري الى القضاء تطلب من القاضي ان يكون محايدا وهذه

الحيدة لاتوجدها الصدفة، وانما تكتب من خلال التزام مسلك حازم اثناء مباشرة

مهنة القضاء وبوحي من تقاليدها.

وقد تكفلت القوانين الاجرائية بوضع الوسائل الكفيلة بضمانها بثا للطمأنينة

لدى المتقاضين، لذلك يأتي هذا البحث المتواضع ليسلط الضوء على هذا

الموضوع الحيوي والمهم محاولاً: ايجاد اساسياته المهمة وصولا الى تبيان اهم

العوامل التي تؤثر في نزاهة القاضي وعدالة حكمه بغلبة النزعات الذاتية على

القانونية عند اصدار الاحكام.
التنظيم الدستوري والقانوني لأسس مكافحة الفساد في ظل دستور جمهورية العراق 5002
Authors: يونس مها بهجت
Published: January 2021

تعتبر ظاهرة الفساد بصورة عامة ظاهرة عالمية واسعة الانتشار، توجد فى

كافة المجتمعات النامية منها والمتقدمة بدرجات متفاوتة، ذلك أن الفساد قد أضحى

ظاهرة لا يكاد يخلو منها مجتمع. وظاهرة الفساد بالإضافة إلى كونها ظاهرة

عابرة للحدود، فهى ظاهرة ذات جذور عميقة وتأخذ أبعاداً واسعة تتداخل معها

وترتبط بها عدة مفاهيم وعوامل يصعب التمييز بينها، وتختلف كذلك درجة

توافرها وشموليتها من مجتمع إلى آخر.

وعلى الرغم من اختلاف الفساد من مكان إلى آخر بصوره وأشكاله وحجم

انتشاره وأثره على مختلف نواحي الحياة، يعتبر من أهم أسباب الضعف الداخلي

والخارجي للدول. فالفساد في جوهره حالة تفكك تعتري المجتمع نتيجة فقدانه

لسيادة القيم الجوهرية، ولعدم احترام القانون، وعدم تكريس مفهوم المواطنة،

وغياب ثقافة حقوق الإنسان واحترامها بشكل طبيعي وتلقائي.

ومن هنا تبرز الحاجة إلى جعل مشكلة الفساد وتفشيه في المجتمع أولوية

رئيسة من أولويات الدولة، فآثاره المدمرة على النواحي السياسية والاجتماعية

والاقتصادية تهدد قوتها ومكانتها على الصعيدين الداخلي والدولي.

لذا وجب عليها العمل على تعزيز قيمتي الشفافية والمساءلة في تشريعاتها

وإستراتيجية عمل مؤسساتها قصد نشر ثقافة مكافحة الفساد ومحاصرته وترسيخ

قيم النزاهة ما بين مختلف شرائح المجتمع.
رقابة محكمة التمييز على الواقع والقانون في الدعوى الجزائية
Authors: الحيدري جمال أبراهيم , حسن ختام فليح
Published: January 2021

أن محكمة التمييز هي محكمة قانون تراقب المحاكم الادنى منها من خلال تدقيقها للأحكام والقرارات التي تصدرها هذه المحاكم, والاصل أن رقابتها تكون على الجانب القانوني للحكم الجزائي فهي تراقب مدى التزام المحاكم بالتطبيق الصحيح لقواعد القانون الموضوعي والشكلي, وفي بعض الاحيان تكون الاخطاء التي تشوب الاحكام الجزائية متعلقة بوقائع الدعوى الجزائية والاصل أن تقدير الوقائع يكون من اختصاص محكمة الموضوع ولا رقابة لمحكمة التمييز عليها الا في حدود تسبيبها للأحكام الذي تتمكن محكمة التمييز من خلاله فرض رقابتها على وقائع الدعوى الجزائية وما انتهت اليه محكمة الموضوع من نتائج, وبذلك يكون الجانب القانوني من الدعوى الجزائية هو محل لرقابة محكمة التمييز اما الجانب الواقعي فرقابتها فيه تكون محدودة بما ورد فيه من اسباب.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРЕДСТАРТОВОЙ РАЗМИНКИ
НА СПОРТИВНЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СТУДЕНТОВ БГУ
Authors: Судоргин Е.П. , Мамыров Дж.Т.
Published: January 2021

Положительное влияние предстартовой разминки на спортивный результат доказано давно. Тем не менее авторы считают, что вопросу предстартовой разминки студентов, сдающих нормативы по физической подготовке не уделяется должного внимания. В своей статье авторы, на основании педагогического эксперимента, предлагают комплексы разминки для студенток с различными психологическими со-
стояниями.
Стартка чейин жылынуунун спорттун натыйжаларына оң таасири көптөн бери далилденип келген. Ошого карабастан, авторлор дене тарбия стандарттарын өтүшкөн окуучуларды эрте жылытуу маселесине тийиштүү көңүл бурулбайт деп эсептешет. Макалада авторлор педагогикалык эксперименттин негизинде ар кандай психологиялык абалы бар студенттерге машыгуу комплекстерин сунушташат.
The positive impact of the pre-start warm-up on sports results
has been proven for a long time. Nevertheless, the authors believe that the issue
of pre-start warm-up of students who pass the standards for physical training
is not given due attention. In their article, the authors, based on a pedagogical
experiment, offer workout complexes for students with various psychological
conditions.
«МАНАС» ЭПОСУНДАГЫ КЫРГЫЗДАРДЫН МАМЛЕКЕТИ ЖӨНҮНДӨГҮ МААЛЫМАТТАР
Authors: Сапаралиев Дөөлөтбек , Узакова Айпери
Published: January 2021

Илимий макаланын максаты, XX кылымдагы кыргыз элинин улуу манасчысы Сагынбай Орозбак уулунун айтуусундагы “Манас”эпосунда жолуккан маалыматтардын негизинде, кыргыз элинин орто кылымдар мезгилинен бери өз алдынча эгемен мамлекети болгондугун, анын атрибуттары менен символдору аркылуу: мамлекет башчысы - ханын тандап, дайындоо жөрөлгөсү, ага таажы кийгизип ордого (такка) отургузуу аземи сакталып; өкмөтү – мыйзам чыгаруу өнөкөтүн аткарып, бийлик эгедерлери аким, бек, баатыр, кеңешчилеринин (кырк чилтен) өлкөнү коргоо аракеттери; жетекчилердин өздүк мөөрлөрү жана мамлекеттик асаба, туулары жөнүндө баяндама берүү менен аталган эпикалык чыгарманын өзөгүн кыргыз элинин ыйык тилеги – өткөндө ураган мамлекетин кайрадан жаралтып, калыбына келтирип, сактоо экендигин ачыктап айкындоо. Целью статьи является, на основе сведений эпоса «Манас» по варианту Сагынбая Орозбакова, показать существование у кыргызов своего независимого средневекового государства со своими атри- бутами и символами. Они раскрываются на примере сохранившихся: традиций избрания и назначения хана, церемонии возведения на трон государя, осуществление правительством законотворчества, усилия властьимущих акимов, беков, батыров и советников по защите страны, наличие у них собственных печатей, а также государственных знамен иштандартов. Повествования обо всем этом наглядно показывают, что основным стержнем вышеупомянутого эпического произведения было возрождение, восстановление и сохранение разрушенного некогда средневекового государство кыргызов - являвшегося их сокровенной целью. Aim of the article is on basis of epic telling Manas of Sagynbai Orozbak uulu’s variant to show: existence independent medieval state of Kyrgyz people with its attributes and symbols, revealing tradition election and appointing of king, enthronization, government’s legislation, efforts of power holding rulers, heroes, advisers to protect the motherland, presence of stamps, flags, and state standards. Narrative of this clearly shows kernel of this epic telling was revival, reestablishment and preservation of destroyed medieval Kyrgyz state.
Cross-Correlation of Numbers of Baptisms and Burials in Sixteenth-Century Parish Registers: an Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Slater Michael J.
Published: January 2021

In order to estimate life expectancy at birth for a single parish the statistical technique of cross-correlation has been applied to parish register data. Two adjacent ancient parishes of Giggleswick and Horton in Ribblesdale, both now in North Yorkshire, and five other parishes for comparison, have been studied, mainly for the period of Elizabeth I. Estimates of life expectancy may further be used to estimate population sizes. Life expectancy in Giggleswick was in the low 30s and for Horton parish was 20 to 30 years. Populations of about 1400 and 400 to 700 respectively are calculated. Credible results are also found for Colyton (Devon), Odiham (Hampshire), Oswaldkirk (North Yorkshire), Shepshed (Leicestershire) and Southill (Bedfordshire) for which parish registers from 1538 and 1541 are available and for which other studies have been made.
Taking Forward Roger's Interest in the Relationship between the Early Modern Family, Demography, Economy and Government Policy
Authors: Szreter Simon
Published: January 2021

This paper describes how Roger Schofield came to characterise the English social system of the early modern period as 'individualist-collectivist', in which individualism is located within a larger structure and context of collectivism. It discusses this in the context of his contributions to the book he co-edited with John Walter in 1989, entitled Famine, Disease and the Social Order in Early Modern Society. Roger's work related the evidence of demographic and epidemiological change not only to family structures, ideological belief systems and government policy, as saliently represented by effects of the poor laws, but also to economic productivity as a dependent variable. That was quite the opposite of the dominant orthodoxy of the post-war era, which was that demography and epidemiology were driven by economics, not vice versa. This has the implication for our own era that constructive government policy has repeatedly played an important positive role in the economic productivity of the nation and that tax-funded generous support for the poor is a central part of that, which citizens should positively support.
'I Think it Highly Necessary to Have it Done Before They Go Out into the World': Inoculation, Responsibility and Patterns of Familial Transmission of Smallpox
Authors: Leadbeater Rosemary
Published: January 2021

This paper examines two research streams. First, it will discuss some contemporary familial perspectives on smallpox inoculation in the eighteenth century. This is followed by a look at the level of provision of the practice in Oxfordshire and some of its contiguous counties. Second, the paper will present some findings on the nature of the transmission of smallpox during local early eighteenth century epidemics in Banbury, Oxfordshire and Aynho, Northamptonshire. Finally, the paper will put forward some conclusions which encompass these two streams.
Literacy, Social Structure and Local Social Dramas
Authors: Cressy David
Published: January 2021

This paper starts by describing Roger Schofield's work on the measurement of literacy, and especially his use of the proportion of brides and grooms who could sign the marriage register to quantify the extent of illiteracy among different sections of society. The paper then discusses other potential sources of data on illiteracy. Frequently these sources describe local social events, in which the politics of the parish intersect the history of the nation, and social, cultural, and political history come together. Work using these sources can expose some of the intangibles of ideology, religion, and morality to which literacy only gestures. Linking these records to other local sources may reveal how kinship, neighbourliness, or economic associations drove participation in ritual, cultural, and quasi-political activities. The final part of the paper illustrates this using an extended example of the response of the local population to the wreck of a ship off the coast of Dorset in 1641.
The Rich Past and Desiccated Future of Parish Register Demography
Authors: Levine David
Published: January 2021

This paper is a presentation of a paper given at the 1988 Social Science History Association Conference in Washington DC in which some of the limitations of parish register demography were outlined. This is followed by a postscript describing some points that might be deployed against the assertion in the 1988 paper that the future of parish register demography was 'desiccated'.
Pelatihan Manajemen Stres untuk Mengatasi Work Family Conflict pada Guru
Authors: Takalapeta Theodora , Benu Juliana M. Y.
Published: January 2021

Women with professions as a teacher and married have many roles, both in the family and in the work environment. The many roles that are carried out often lead to work-family conflict. A work-family Conflict is a form of conflict between roles where the pressure of roles in work and roles in the family are conflicting in several ways. The conflict that is experienced is not resolved and will cause work stress and affect the balance of work and family. Therefore, stress management training is given three (3) aspects, they are knowledge, skills, and attitude to 12 participants. The results are, all participants experienced increased knowledge about stress management. In addition, all participants were also able to apply emotional coping stress and problem solving coping when faced with stressors.
Pengelolaan Lingkungan Kelas Sebagai Sarana Bermain Sambil Belajar Bagi Anak TK
Authors: Bunga Beatriks Novianti , Koten Maria L. B. , Koten Angelikus Nama
Published: January 2021

Competent teacher can improve their abilities in managing classroom according to their students’ needs. Classroom management in early childhood education and development (ECED) post really depends on the teacher. This article aims to understand classroom management as tools of playing and studying for children in kindergarten. This study used qualitative descriptibe approach and triangulation was used to ensure the data quality. Between for class observed, class B1 was identified as the most ideal. Good ventilation and lighting, neat placement of equipments and class tools, not blocking air circulation, according to area and not blocking children play zone, also neat class decoration and clean and comfort class describe this overall class management quality.
Marriage Satisfaction on Young Women with Premarital Pregnancy
Authors: Batmaro Aresta A. O. , Ruliati Luh Putu , Kiling Indra Yohanes
Published: January 2021

Marriage due to premarital pregnancy become increasingly more common in Indonesia, although the behaviour is still deemed as inappropriate by the society and tend to be negatively stigmatized. This might affect the marriage satisfaction which could harm the overall quality of the marriage. The purpose of this study was to determine marital satisfaction on youth with premarital pregnancy. Participants in this study were nine young women who were married due to premarital pregnancy and residing in Kupang City. Data was collected using interviews and analysed with thematic analysis approach that revealed three main themes. The results showed that marital satisfaction varied in participants, in which six participants were more satisfied and enjoyed their current married life, while the other three participants were not satisfied due to dissatisfaction with aspects of equality of roles in household, parenting and sexual life. Implications from this results were discussed further in the article.
Relationship Between Neuroticism Type Of Personality Academic Procrastination In Dawan's Ethnic Students In The District Of South Central Timor
Authors: Baun Syaban , Junias Marylin S. , Benu Juliana M. Y.
Published: January 2021

This study aims to find the relationship between neuroticism personality types and academic procrastination among ethnic Dawan students in South Central Timor Regency. This type of research is quantitative research. The population was students of the STKIP Soe with Dawan ethnicity who were taken based on predetermined criteria, while the sampling used was accidental sampling on 85 students Dawan ethnicity. Procrastination is a deliberate delay in an important task, done repeatedly on purpose and causes feelings of discomfort in a subjective way. Subjective cultural stereotypes to the East Timorese ethnic group, the people are anxious, jealous, believe in myths, and selfish. Such stereotypical traits can generally be observed in people with the neurotic personality type. Data were collected using a scale and processed and analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment correlation statistical test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the Neuroticism personality type and Academic Procrastination where the Pearson Coorelation value = 0.238 with a significance value of 0.029 (ƿ <0.05)
Efektivitas Program Kelambunisasi di Puskesmas Oesapa Kecamatan Kelapa Lima Kota Kupang
Authors: Bonlay Monika , Sirait Rinawaty , Littik Serlie K. A.
Published: January 2021

The program for routine insecticide-treated bed nets is one of the government's efforts to reduce malaria morbidity. The research objective was to describe the effectiveness of the routine insecticide-treated bednet distribution program in the context of reducing malaria morbidity in Oesapa Health Center, Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City in 2018. Descriptive survey research with a qualitative approach. Informants in this study amounted to 3 people and 65 families as observation samples. The research instrument uses interview guidelines. The results of the study show 1) Input; health workers and facilities were limited (cars and motorbikes), particularly in distributing the nets to pregnant women, infants, children under five, and children. 2) Process; The program was planned by The Health Office of Kupang City while implementation and evaluation was taken by health workers from Oesapa Health Center. Barriers were related to low accessibility in reaching the targeted house in need, inadequate number of health staff, and unavailability of special facility needed to distribute the nets 3) Output; A total of 188 nets was distributed to the target according to the program goal. Based on observations from 65 households that became the study sample, 63 households used and treated kalambu with insecticides until 2019. The distribution of insecticide-treated bed nets was considered ineffective. Health workers and facilities need to be provided adequately to distribute the nets and monitoring is necessary to guarantee the distribution reaching the target.
Studi Kebiasaan Sarapan Pagi dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Status Anemia dan Prestasi Belajar Anak Sekolah Dasar di Wilayah Pesisir dan Non Pesisir
Authors: Leba Ivanna Sardila , Manongga Stefanus , Boeky Daniela
Published: January 2021

Breakfast is an activity of eating and drinking starting from waking up in the morning and fulfilling 15-30% of daily nutritional needs. Breakfast could increase the concentration of learning and it believed could improves children's learning achievement. Delaying breakfast could increase the risk of anemia in children. People in coastal and non-coastal areas have different food supplies according to the environment and natural products that exist and it might make the difference of provision of the breakfast because it was related to the provision of the food. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of breakfast habits on anemia status and learning achievement of elementary school students at coastal and non-coastal area. This study used cross sectional research design and the population of this study were all elementary school students at Kupang city. The determination of this research samples used Slovin formula with a sample size of 100 respondents. And for the statistical tests used analysis of Simple Loistic Regression Test and Whitney Mann test. The statistical test results showed that there was an influence between breakfast habits frequency (p = 0,000), energy contribution (p = 0,000) and protein (p = 0,020) on anemia status. Therefore research findings was shown an influence between the contribution of energy (p = 0.032) and protein (p = 0.004), learning achievement (p = 0.409) on student’s learning achievement. Otherwise, there was no influence between anemia status and learning achievement (p = 0.520). The results of the Mann Whitney test showed that there was no difference between breakfast habits, anemia status and learning achievement in coastal and non-coastal areas.
Hubungan Persepsi Pasien tentang Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan dengan Minat Kunjungan Ulang Rawat Jalan di Puskesmas Bakunase Kecamatan Kota Raja
Authors: Djuwa Aloysius S. S. , Sinaga Masrida , Dodo Dominirsep O.
Published: January 2021

Public health center with good quality services will provide satisfaction and good perception to customers, which ultimately customers will reuse and recommend the health services to those around them. This will affect repeat purchasing decisions, which will affect consumers about the services provided. Bakunase Public Health Center data for 2016-2018 shows that Bakunase Public Health Center outpatient visits has decreased. The highest decline in outpatient visits to the Bakunase Public Health Center occurred in 2018, amounting to 15,354 visits. The purpose of the study was to analyze the relationship between patients perceptions about the quality of health services with the interest of outpatient visits at the Bakunase Public Health Center. This type of research is quantitative research with cross sectional research design. The population in this study was the average number of monthly outpatient visits at the Bakunase Public Health Center in 2018 of 3,468 people and a sample of 97 people taken using purposive sampling techniques. The results showed a relationship between perceptions of outpatients on the dimensions of reliability, assurance, empathy and direct evidence with the interest of outpatient visits in Bakunase Public Health Center. While the patient's perception of the responsiveness dimension is not related to the interest of outpatient visits at the Bakunase Public Health Center. It is expected that Bakunase Public Health Center can improve the quality of registration services, doctor services, shorten registration times and waiting times to get services.
Studi Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Persepsi tentang Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) Berbasis Gender pada Pekerja Ojek Online di Kota Kupang
Authors: Kewohon Antonius A. , Ratu Jacob M. , Landi Soleman
Published: January 2021

Knowledge and perception about occupational health and safety in a company are essential to prevent work accidents as they can affect behavior at work. The number of accidents in Kupang city involving motorbikes was 276 cases (in 2018). This study aims to determinate differences in knowledge and perceptions of occupational health and safety between male and female online taxibike. This types research is analitic survey by design cross sectional. This study had a sample of 112 taxibike workes, consisting of 61 men and 61 women. The sampling method was accidental sampling. Data were analyzed using t-test (independent sample t-test). The results showed a significant difference between male and female online taxibike regarding perceptions of occupational health and safety while there was no difference between male and female online taxibike regarding knowledge of occupational health and safety. It is necessary for online taxibike companies to conduct health promotion program to increase knowledge and perceptions about occupational health and safety among their workers.
Gambaran Pelaksanaan Program Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat di Desa Oelpuah Kecamatan Kupang Tengah
Authors: Ballbessy Megy Justin , Doke Soni , Limbu Ribka
Published: January 2021

Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) is an approach and paradigm for sanitation development in Indonesia that emphasizes the principle of non-subsidies through community empowerment in order to build hygienic and sanitary behavior. Indonesia generally has low coverage of basic sanitation facilities. One of the areas in East Nusa Tenggara Province that has become a priority for STBM Program implementation is Oelpuah Village, Central Kupang District, located in Kupang Regency. The problem in Oelpuah Village is the lack of knowledge in the community related to hygiene and sanitation. The purpose of this research was to get an overview of the implementation of the five pillars of STBM in Oelpuah Village, Central Kupang District in 2020. This research was descriptive. The research was carried out in five hamlets in Oelpuah Village. The sample was selected by  random method. The population in this study were all 354 family heads in Oelpuah Village and the sample in this study were 188 heads of households. The results showed that Pillar I, IV, and V were categorized as not implemented Pillar II and IIIwere included in the criteria for implementation.
Kepadatan Telur Nyamuk Aedes Sp. Berdasarkan Warna Ovitrap dan Ketinggian Tempat di Kota Kupang
Authors: Jap Novita , Setyobudi Agus , Sahdan Mustakim
Published: January 2021

Mosquitos eggs desinty is influenced by ovitrap color and location altitude. Aedes sp. mosquistos prefer to lay their eggs on dark container and out of sun light. The recent study aims at finding out the Ovitrap Index (OI), the density level of Aedes sp. eggs, and analyze the eggs density on the basis of ovitrap colour and the location altitude at Kupang City. The population the study is all the mosquitos eggs found in the altitudes of 0-125 m asl, 126-250 m asl, and 251- 375 m asl. In this research the sample is all Aedes sp. mosquitos eggs found in every ovitrap at the three altitude levels. At each altitudes, 3 houses were choosen and in each house 3 light color ovitrap and 3 other of dark in color . The recent study found out that the Ovitrap Index of both light and dark in color at the altitudes of 0-125 m asl, 126-250 m asl, and 251-375 m asl is 100%, while OI at 251-375 m asl for the light ovitrap is 88,99% and dark ones is 100%. The eggs density is higher in dark ovitraps that is 305,67 eggs per ovitrap at 0-125 m asl but less in light ovitraps that is 92 eggs at the altitude of 126-250 m asl. There is no difference of eggs density level based on the color of the ovitrap found within houses in altitude of 0-125 m asl, and 251- 375 m asl. It is similar to eggs density outside of houses at 0-125 m asl and 251-375 m asl, density with p value= 0,02. There is also different eggs density between locayions altitude of 0-125 m asl and 126-250 m asl with p value= 0,031. However, it is found out that there is no correlation between level of eggs density and all levels of location altitudes.
Uji Organoleptik Produk Tahu Berdasarkan Suhu dan Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Mutu Tahu di Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Manoe Jenica Arnola , Hinga Indriati A. Tedju , Setyobudi Agus
Published: January 2021

Tofu is one type of food made from the soybean. Protein content and high water content make tofu easily damaged. Solving this problem is needed the right way to be able to maintain the quality of knowing physically, so that can be stored for a long time without experiencing quality changes and can be accepted and safe for consumers. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal temperature and storage time of tofu to maintain the quality of tofu in according to the quality requirements of knowing in SNI by looking at the physical changes that have been known during the shelf life. This type of study is a descriptive study to determine the organoleptic properties of tofu which include odor, taste, color, and appereance of tofu during the storage period with the help of panelist of three people. Observation data were analyzed descriptively using tables and explained in narrative form. Tofu samples were taken from three factories in Kupang Regency. The results showed that the ideal of tofu storage temperature was at 40C with a storage time of up to 6 days. The seller and factory owner they should pay attention to the storage temperature and sanitation, so that the tofu sold can survive without reducing the value of quality and taste from tofu.
Hygienic Assessment of Ambient Air Quality in Chita, a Priority Area of the Federal Clean Air Project
Authors: Klein SV , Popova EV
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The article is devoted to poor ambient air quality in some cities of the Russian Federation, one the most important social and environmental issues of today. The city of Chita is a priority area in term of ambient air pollution included in the Federal Clean Air Project of the National Ecology Project. Our objective was to assess air quality in residential areas of the city for a further improvement of the ambient air quality monitoring system and air quality action planning. Materials and methods: We analyzed the results of measuring ambient air quality at the monitoring sites of the government environmental monitoring system for 2014–2018 and statistical data on the volume and composition of industrial emissions. The spatial analysis of the impact of enterprises on residential areas was carried out in accordance with the guidelines of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor). Results and discussion: We established high concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene (up to a 10.5-fold excess of the average daily maximum permissible concentration (MPC)), particulate matter (up to a 1.63-fold excess of the average daily MPC and a 11.4-fold excess of the single MPC), nitrogen dioxide (up to a 1.18-fold excess of the average daily MPC), hydrogen sulfide (up to a 11.94-fold excess of the single MPC), phenol, soot, and some other hazardous air contaminants. We determined priority sources of anthropogenic emissions and other factors contributing to poor air quality in Chita. Conclusions: Our findings indicate the necessity to enhance the existing ambient air quality monitoring network and programs, to assess spatial distribution of resulting exposure levels and population health risks, and to decide on the adequacy of the air quality action planning in the city of Chita in accordance with the comprehensive plan.