bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THROMBOPLASTIC AND FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITIES OF V2 AND V7 CARCINOMAS OF RABBIT, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FIBRIN DEPOSITION AND THROMBUS FORMATION IN THE TUMORS
Authors: Kodama Yoshifumi , Tanaka Kenzo
Published: December 2008

Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities of V2 and V7 carcinomas, the two transplantable rabbit tumors of the same viral origin, were studied in relation to fibrin deposition and thrombus formation in the tumors. Thromboplastic activity of V7 carcinoma was comparatively high, while that of V2 carcinoma was as low as that of muscle tissue. More fibrin deposits in the stroma and more thrombi in the small vessels were found at the advancing border of V7 carcinoma than that of V2 carcinoma. These differences might be associated with higher thromoboplastic activity of V7 carcinoma than that of V2 carcinoma. Fibrinolytic activity of both tumors was high and it was confirmed to be localized in the tumor cells by Todd's method. Fibrin deposits in the stroma were found more abundantly somewhat apart from the advancing border of the tumor nests of both tumors. It was suggested that plasmin activated by plasminogen activator released locally from the tumor cells might digest fibrin deposited in the stroma just close to the tumor nests.
A FAMILY OF GARDNER'S SYNDROME WITH REPORT OF AN AUTOPSY CASE
Authors: Yasaka Tatsuomi , Kozono Kikuo , Kambara Takeshi , Matsumoto Hideyo
Published: December 2008

A family with Gardner's syndrome including one autopsy case is reported. A 22 year‐old man had multiple polyposis of the colon and the small intestine, epidermal cysts, soft part tumor of the abdominal skin and osteomas in the calvarlum and rib, and died of a carcinoma in the transverse colon and embolism of the brain. Histologically, all polyps were diagnosed as adenomatous polyp. The greater their diameter, the higher the tendency of atypism was observed. However, the polyps around the cancer were few, small, and with low atypism, and we could not obtain evidence showing direct transformation of adenomatous polyps into carcinoma. His two elder brothers had multiple polyposis of the colon, epidermal cysts and osteomas in the calvarlum or mandibular bone, but are still alive.
GLOMERULAR LESIONS IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA
Authors: Tange Tsuyoshi , Kurumado Katsumaro , Nakazawa Masaki , Imamura Yukio , Kosaka Kinori , Kawaoi Akira
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of multiple myeloma (IgG, lambda type), clinically characterized by decreased glomerular filtration rate, is reported with particular emphasis on changes in the glomeruli of kidneys. Histologically, the glomeruli revealed slight increase in mesangial matrix and focal thickening of tuft capillary wall. Electron‐microscopically, deposits were observed in a subendothelial location in the glomerular capillary walls, and inclusions were noted in the cytoplasm of the visceral epithelial cells. Histoimmunofluo‐rescent study of the kidney demonstrated intense focal and slight diffuse positivity against labelled antisera of anti‐IgG and anti‐lambda type of light chain on the capillary wall of the glomerular tufts. Other immunoglobulins were not demonstrable in capillary walls. These findings represent the intraglomerular deposition of paraprotein of multiple myeloma without amyloidosis.
FLUORESCENCE AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES ON THE PERIVASCULAR MESENCHYMAL CELLS AND FIBROBLASTS AFTER VITAMIN A ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Yamamoto Masami , Enzan Hideaki , Hara Hiroshi , Iijima Soichi
Published: December 2008

Findings of perivascular mesenchymal cells and fibroblasts in mice receiving large doses of vitamin A were described. Liver, lung, intestine and skin were investigated by fluorescence and electron microscopy. Marked increase of fluorescence of vitamin A was observed in the sinusoidal wall of the liver, in the alveolar septa of the lungs, in the propria mucosa, submucosa and muscular layer of the intestine and in the dermis of the abdominal skin. Increased fluorescence of these organs corresponded, ultrastructually, to the appearance of numerous fat droplets in Ito cells of the liver, septal cells of the lung and fibroblasts of the intestine and of the skin. All of these cells showed the same morphological features and the same distribution in the tissue, namely in the interstitial connective tissue space. These findings indicate that vitamin A storing cells are distributed widely in the connective tissue of various organs and that perivascular vitamin A storing mesenchymal cells and interstitial fibroblasts are probably of common fibroblastic cell line.
CANCER OF GALLBLADDER WITH SEVERE THROMBOCYTOSIS
Authors: Wakabayashi Takashi , Kishimoto Hidemasa , Miwa Yoshio , Riku Shigeo
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of severe thrombocytosis associated with cancer of gallbladder is described as the erst case in the literature. A 78‐year‐old male patient was admitted to the hospital with abnormal hepatic functions on August 6,1975. Laboratory examination revealed platelet count of 5,664,0001 cu mm, anemia, leukocytosis and bilirubinemia. Jaundice was progressive and the patient died after a month. Severe thrombocytosis persisted throughout the course. Main autopsy findings were cancer of gallbladder with metastasis to the liver, fibrosis of spleen and purulent bronchopneumonia. A possible mechanism of unusually severe degree of thrombocytosis associated with the present case is discussed in light of the literature.
HEMATOGENOUS DEVELOPMENT OF RAT MATURE GRANULOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: Takayama Shojiro , Bujiwara Mutsunori
Published: December 2008

The oral administration of N, N'‐2, 7‐fluorenylenebisacetamide (2, 7‐FAA) induces leukemia, especially mature granulocytic leukemia, in rats. We compared the distribution of nodular foci of 2,7‐FAA‐induced mature granulocytic leukemia with that of transplanted leukemia for the purpose of proving hematogenous development of leukemia. The bone marrow of the vertebral bodies was examined in the cases of scattered lesion of 2,7‐FAA‐induced and transplanted leukemia. The leukemic nodular foci were most frequently located around the center of the craniocaudal axis of the vertebral bodies in both leukemias. On the other hand, they were evenly distributed along the dorso‐ventral axis in both leukemias. The similarity of the distribution of nodular foci between 2,7‐FAA‐induced and transplanted leukemia may be an evidence for the hypothesis that the former is spread by hematogenous metastasis.
HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY ON LIPID METABOLISM IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Sakurai Isamu , Tosaka Akira , Yamada Tsutomu , Masubuchi Kazuo
Published: December 2008

As a part of the series of studies7,8,11 on lipid metabolism in ischemic myocardium, the present study was attempted to analyze 29 infracted hearts with acute or scar lesions by a routine histopathology and lipid histochemistry. The time after the onset of attack till death ranged from one day to years. Sixteen were of the acute form, less than 2 month‐old, and 13 were of the chronic scarred form. Within the first day, fat deposition appeared in the survived muscle cells around the infarcts reaching the peak from 2 days to one week, but necrotized cells never contained fat droplets. Macrophages in granulation tissue in periphery of the infarcts tended to have significant fat droplets usually in 10 days to one month. Fat disappeared from the survived muscle cells and also from the scar later than 2 months. The survived cells around the infarcts might be degenerated with fat, probably triglyceride, which accumulated by a relative ischemia not severe enough to produce coagulation necrosis, and they bear some relationship with extension or limitation of size of infarcts.
PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON A LONG‐TERM SURVIVED CASE OF GAMMA HEAVY CHAIN DISEASE
Authors: Ogawa Katsuo , Imai Masanobu , Tanigawa Takashi , Tsuji Takao , Arima Terukatsu
Published: December 2008

A pathological and brief clinical study on the eleventh case of gamma heavy chain (γ‐chain) disease who died at the age of 44 after a long course of 12 years from the assumed onset of the disease was presented. Clinico‐pathological observations of the case showed a neoplastic nature which caused her death complicated by asthmatic sttacks. Autopsy findings were characterized by diffuse infiltration of lymphoplasmacytoid cells and a few large immunoblastic cells into various organs. Literatures of 30 cases reported in the past, and the modern concept of lymphoma strongly suggest that the classiflcatory position of γ‐chain disease as well as Waldenström's macroglobulinemia should be placed between multiple myeloma and classic malignant lymphoma as an independent disease entity belonging to the same category. A proposal of histological typing of the disease was made in order to simplify various diagnostic designations in the literatures:—γ‐ chain disease, 1) reticular type, 2) lymphocytic predominance, 3) plasmacytic predomi nance, 4) lymphoplasmacytoid cell type, 5) immunoblastic type. The present case belongs to type 4.
PSEUDOSARCOMATOUS CARCINOMA OF THE ESOPHAGUS
Authors: Sasaki Kohsuke , Tani Shigeki , Nagamine Yoshiaki , Takahashi Manabu
Published: December 2008

A case of pseudosarcomatous carcinoma of the esophagus with metastasis to lymph node was presented and the literature was reviewed briefly. Transition from carcinomatous to sarcomatous picture was noted and the presence of tonofibrils and deemosomes was demonstrated by electron microscope in the cells with sarcomatous features. These Andings suggested an epithelial origin of the sarcomatous component in pseudosarcomatoue cardnoma.
A NOTE ON THE SO‐CALLED LENNERT'S LYMPHOMA (LYMPH0 EPITHELIOID CELLULAR LYMPHOMA) CONCERNING ITS DISEASE ENTITY
Authors: Tanaka Toshio , Ohnoshi Taisuke , Kobayashi Kanji , Hayashi Kyoichi
Published: December 2008

Two cases of so‐called Lennert's lymphoma, which is characterized by massive infiltraions of focally aggregated epithelioid cells, are presented. Since this lesion was particularly emphasized by Lennert and Mestdagh in 1968, the major conflicting issue has been focussed on its precise disease entity whether this is an independent or already‐established lymphoproliferative disorder. Based on our experiences, we are rather inclined to regard this lesion to be “a curious histologic variant of an already‐established disease entity”. In order to investigate its precise disease entity and also in view of a possible significance of the presence of epithelioid histiocytes in the lymph nodes and of tonsillar involvement in relation to imunocompetence of the patients, further accumulation of similar cases is required.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF ACTOMYOSIN‐CONTAINING (MYOEPITHELIAL) CELLS IN NON‐NEOPLASTIC AND NEOPLASTIC TISSUES
Authors: Sasadaira Hidekazu , Kameya Toru , Shimosato Yukio , Baba Kensuke , Amemiya Ryuta
Published: December 2008

Actomyosin‐containing cells in both non‐neoplastic and neoplastic tissues of the salivary gland, lung, breast and some other organs were studied by immunofluorescent microscopy using antiactomyosin rabbit serum. In the breast, myoepithelial‐like cells with positive immunofluorescence in the cytoplasm were observed not only in sclerosing adenosis and fibroadenoma but also in scirrhousgand medullary‐tubular duct carcinomas. No positive cells were observed in medullary carcinomas with lymphoid infiltration. The actomyosin positive cells were also seen at the outer layer of tubules of “mixed tumors” and of cell nests in adenoid cystic carcinoma and in myoepithelioma of the salivary gland, but not in the metaplastic squamous cells or in the cells of myxomatous and chondroid areas of “mixed tumor”. In carcinoma of the lung, actomyosin‐positive cells were observed in adenoid cystic carcinomas and adenocarcinoma of the bronchial gland type, but they were not seen in squamous cell carcinomas or papillary adenocarcinomas.

It was concluded that the actomysoin‐containing cells with structural appearances of myoepithelial cells in a variety of tumors were neoplastic myoepithelial cells.
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE SPLEEN IN SPLENOMEGALIC LIVER CIRRHOSIS COMPARING WITH THE SPLEEN IN IDIOPATHIC PORTAL HYPERTENSION (SO‐CALLEDBANTI'S SYNDROME WITHOUT LIVER CIRRHOSIS)
Authors: Yamamoto Kazuhide
Published: December 2008

Morphological changes of the spleen in splenomegalic liver cirrhosis (SLG) were studied. Comparisons with the normal spleen and the spleen of idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) were made by (1) light microscopy with histometry, (2) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with histometry, and (3) SEM of the spleen vascular replica. Hlstometrical studies by light microscopy showed that in both SLG and IPH, the white pulp volume was decreased in random units of splenic tissue but increased in the whole spleen, whereas the red pulp volume was increased both in random units of splenic tissue and in the whole spleen. The increase in the total volume of the white pulp was less marked in SLG than in IPH. SEM histometry demonstrated in the red pulp an increase in small venous sinuses and narrowing of the Billroth cord in SLG and IPH. Narrowing of the Billroth cord was more marked in SLG than in IPH. SEM of the white pulp showed channels formed by reticulum cells around the central artery in SLC and IPH. The channels are thought to correspond to so‐called “follikulare Fibroadenie” or periarterial fibrosis. The spleen vascular replica demonstrated open arterial termination into the tissue spaces in the Billroth cord in SLG, IPH and the normal. Venous sinuses were arranged in bundles in SLC and IPH.
EOSINOPHILIC GLOBOID BODY OF THE PANCREAS
Authors: Tanaka Kaoru , Yamaguchi Kazuyoshi
Published: December 2008

Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural studies of the eosino‐philic globoid body of the human pancreas are described. It had a central cavity surrounded by a collarband measuring approximately 70 pm in diameter and is definitely different from cross section of small arteries. The complex ultrastructure was revealed with electron microscope in the eosino‐philic globoid body. This consisted of various patterns of unit membranes. Some of the bodies are probably derived from the membrane systems of the pancreatic acinar cells. ACTA PATH. JAP. 29: 563–570, 1979.
COLLISION TUMOR OF THE STOMACH WITH CARCINO‐SARCOMA AND TUBULO‐PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA
Authors: Tokunaga Osamu , Morimatsu Minoru , Nakashima Teruyuki
Published: December 2008

The present case is an autopsy case of a 66‐year‐old male who developed a collision tumor in the stomach which was originated from carcinosarcoma of Borrmann type II in the gastric antrum and from papillary adenocarcinoma of Borrmann type III in the corpus. The carcinosarcoma consisted of tubular carcinoma and sarcomatous transformation of stroma from the carcinoma.
MYOCARDIAL FIBER DISARRAY IN THE NORMAL AND HYPERTENSIVE HEARTS
Authors: Tanimura Akira , Cho Takanori
Published: December 2008

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is histologically characterized by marked hypertrophy and myocardial fiber disarray in the septal region. This finding has been considered important as a diagnostic indicator. In the present study, we examined 127 hearts, especially the interventricular septa, from newborns, children, adults and hypertensives. A local myocardial fiber disarray was detected in all cases at the anterior and the posterior areas of the septum where the left and the right ventricular myocardia meet. The extent varied from case to case. In adults, local disarray was also found in other regions, usually in the left ventricle‐facing longitudinal to the middle layers of the septum. The left ventricle‐facing longitudinal myocardium of the septum in hypertensives showed a hypertrophy change in the sites near the middle layer. The myocardium in this portion was further stratified into several sublayers in some cases. When compared with the findings of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, septal myocardium of hypertensives still retained a certain degree of regularity in fiber arrangement. Biopsy might be of great value for diagnosing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, although differentiation from secondary hypertrophic changes due to hypertension or cor pulmonale may be difficult in some cases.
HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION AND PSAMMOMATOUS CALCIFICATION IN GASTRIC CARCINOMA
Authors: Imai Tamaki , Murayama Hiroshi , Arima Sumitaka
Published: December 2008

Two cases of heterotopic ossification occurring in a carcinoma of the stomach are reported. In one of these cases, bone formation is seen only in the regional metastasis, while in the other case, it is found in the primary tumor alone. In addition, there is seen in the former case a deposit of laminated psammoma bodies in the primary tumor and its regional metastasis. These two conditions are both so unusual for gastric carcinoma that only nine pertinent cases with heterotopic ossiflcation and two authentic cases with psammomatous calcification have been reported in the literature. The feature of these conditions la described and the pathogenesis discussed on the basis of personal Findings and a review of literature.
ANOMALIES OF THE TRACHEAL CARTILAGE
Authors: Shimada Hiroyuki , Misugi Kamaki
Published: December 2008

This report described the clinical and pathological findings of 6 cases of different types of anomalies of the tracheal cartliage. Literatures of tracheal anomalies were reviewed and an attempt was made to correlates types of tracheal cartilage anomalies and the malformations in the other organs. Classical type of tracheomalacia is not usually associated with the other malformations. The cases with fatal tracheal cartilage anomalies usually show malformations in other organs, particularly in the respiratory and osteocartilaginous system. Tracheal cartilage anomalies may be one of the important elements in the cases of systemic abnormalities of the osteoCartilaQinous anomalies.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON THE PROXIMAL PORTIONS OF THE ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERIES IN RATS WITH LONG‐TERM HYPERTENSION
Authors: Kojimahara Masayasu , Ooneda Genju
Published: December 2008

Proximal portions of the anterior cerebral arteries in rats with long‐term hypertension were electron microscopically studied. The abnormal substances such as granules, vesicles, vacuoles and other membranous structures, relatively homogeneous masses, and basement membrane‐like substances were observed around the medial smooth muscle cells. Basement membrane‐like substances were increased with advancing age and the majority of these substances are thought to be turned from the granulo‐vesicles. Abnormal substances deposited in the media are thought to be “hyalino‐fibrous materials”. The majority of our materials had a clear‐cut border between the media and the adventitia. The subendothelial spaces were slightly distended with fibrillar and/or finely granular substances with age, but neither cellular element nor fibrinoid substance was found in them.
CRONKHITE‐CANADA SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH SIGMOID CANCER
Authors: Nonomura Akitaka , Ohta Goroku , Ibata Takayoshi , Shinozaki Kimihide , Nishino Tomokatsu
Published: December 2008

The case of a 78‐year‐old man with the characteristic clinical and pathologico‐anatomic pictures of the Cronkhite‐Canada syndrome associated with sigmoid cancer is reported. He died ten months after the onset of his diseaee. Autopsy Andings of the patient are described in detail. The other fifty three cases of the syndrome are reviewed, and clinical and pathologico‐anatomic features of the Cronkhite‐Canada syndrome are discussed.
PROLIFERATION OF CULTURED RABBIT RENAL GLOMERULAR CELLS STIMULATED BY PLATELET FACTOR
Authors: Nakashima Yasuaki , Hirose Sachiko , Hamashima Yoshihiro
Published: December 2008

Platelet contents stimulated the proliferation of cultured rabbit renal glomerular (probably mesangial) cells. Growth stimulatory effect of platelet factor was heat‐stable at 56°C for 30 min. These results suggest that platelets play an important role in glomerular lesions in glomerulonephritis.
A CASE REPORT OF BASAL CELL ADENOMA SHOWING ELASTIC FIBER (ELASTIN‐BASEMENT MEMBRANE COMPLEX) FORMATION OF THE SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND
Authors: Suzuki Keiji , Mori Ichiro , Masawa Nobuhide , Ooneda Genju
Published: December 2008

A biopsy case of basal cell adenoma of the submandibular gland was reported in a 15‐year‐old boy. The tumor was pigeon's egg‐sized, spherical in shape and encapsulated by fibrous tissue, and its cut‐surface was grayish white. Histologie feature of this neoplasm was a trabecular or tubular monomorphic adenoma with well‐developed elastic fibers (elastin‐basement membrane complex) in the interstitial tissue. Electron microscopy disclosed 4 kinds of tumor cells, that is, secreting cells, squamous cell‐like cells with tonofibrils and tonofilaments, clear cells with a few filaments, and myoepithelial cells. The interstitium contained elastin, collagen fibrils and basement membrane‐like substance. Possible production of elastic fibers by the myoepithelial cells of this adenoma was discussed.
METASTASIS OF CANCER TO CANCER
Authors: Ichijima Kunio , Yamabe Hirohiko , Kobashi Yoichiro , Iwata Takekuni
Published: December 2008

A case of a 41 years old Japanese woman with widely disseminated primary lung cancer (adenocarcinoma) metastasizing to renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma) is presented together with a brief review of the literature.
PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF MULTIPLE GASTRIC CARCINOMA
Authors: Yamagiwa Hiroshi , Yoshimura Hitoshi , Matsuzaki Osamu , Ishihara Akinori
Published: December 2008

Multiple gastric carcinoma was investigated on 101 of 1901 resected stomachs. The frequency of multiple carcinoma was 4.7% and 6.9% of the advanced and early carcinomas, respectively. Male to female ratio was 2.9 to 1 with average age of 62.0 and that was 1.9 to 1 with average age of 57.7 in the total gastric carcinomas. The well‐differentiated carcinomas with intimate relation to the intestinal metaplasia increased by aging and occupied about 70% of all lesions. The intestinal metaplasia usually showed higher grade in the cases with multiple carcinomas than those with single lesion. It should be considered that intestinal metaplasia plays the important role in the histogenesis of gastric carcinoma, especially in that of the well‐differentiated one.
MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION OF ADENOMA IN LARGE INTESTINE—ESPECIALLY ON VILLOUS ADENOMA
Authors: Yamagiwa Hiroshi , Ishihara Akinori , Matsuzaki Osamu , Yoshimura Hitoshi
Published: December 2008

The incidence of 454 resected adenomas was histologically 87.8% of tubular, 7.7% of tubulovillous and 4.5% of villous adenomas, respectively. Eighty‐eight percent of villous and tubulovillous adenomas were located in the rectosigmoid region. Male to female ratio was 1 to 1.8, 1.5 to 1 and 1.8 to 1 for the villous, tubulovillous and tubular adenomas, respectively. Adenocarcinomas of large intestine consisted of 684 cases, 709 lesions and male to female ratio was 1 to 1.01. It should be considered that the adenomas in female may grow largely compared with those in male, with subsequent malignant transformation. Although the adenomas were found at the rate of 26.4% in the rectosigmoid region, 74.2% of the adenocarcinomas were found In this region, because the adenomas in this region grow largely compared with the other regions. Mucinous carcinomas were found in 33%, 23% and 9%, respectively, in the adenocarcinomas with remaining adenoma showing villous, tuvulovillous and tubular types.
LYMPH NODE INVOLVEMENT IN WALDENSTROM'S MACROGLOBULINEMIA
Authors: Aozasa Katsuyuki , Uba Hirotsugu
Published: December 2008

The pattern of lymph node involvement in Waldenström's macroglöbulinemia (MG) is described according to clinical and histological materials from 2 biopsy and 4 autopsy cases. The histological features of biopsy were well‐differentiated, diffuse, lymphocytic lymphoma in one case (case 1) and sinus histiocytosis (SH) with nodular aggregates of lymphoid cells as observed by the first biopsy in the other case (case 2). An immunofluorescent study of lymph nodes revealed monoclonal proliferation of B lymphocytes (IgM, κ) in both cases. In case 2, a majority of circulating lymphoid cells bore membrane‐bound monoclonal IgM. The histological features of lymph nodes obtained by the second biopsy in case 2 was comparable with the well‐differentiated, lymphocytic lymphoma in some nodes, and diffuse and nodular proliferation with preservation of sinuses in the other nodes. The pattern of lymph node involvement of 4 autopsy cases were also analysed. According to these investigations, It is suggested that lymph node showing SH is a pattern of lymph node involvement of MG.
PRIMARY OXALOSIS WITH CARDIAC MANIFESTATIONS
Authors: Hamaya Kazuo , Ohishi Kenzo
Published: December 2008

This 48‐year‐old male developed renal insufficiency, peripheral sensitivity to cold, occasional ventricular extrasystoles and atrio‐ventricular block. He died suddenly after ventricular fibrillation. Autopsy showed extensive deposits of oxalate crystals in the kidney, myocardium, arterial walls of the extremities, and in many other visceral organs. The atrio‐ventricular (A‐V) node was also severely involved and marked fibrosis was found in the common A‐V bundle (His) and in both bundle branches. The A‐V node artery showed mural crystals and the lumen was narrowed by 50 per cent. Features supporting the diagnosis of primary oxalosis with cardiac manifestations include the onset of urolithiasis at 10 years of age, and 5 other siblings all having died of‘renal disease’in infancy.
FATE OF INTRAVENOUSLY INJECTED CULTURED HUMAN CANCER CELLS IN THE LUNGS OF CONGENITALLY ATHYMIC NUDE MICE
Authors: Naito Seiji , Kinjo Mitsuru , Tanaka Kenzo
Published: December 2008

Three cultured cell lines of human lung cancer with varied degrees of thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities were injected subcutaneously or intravenously into congenitally athymice nude mice, and their fate was observed with light and electron microscopes. All the cell lines formed solid tumor masses at the sites of subcutaneous injection. When the cancer cells with high or moderate thromboplastic activity were injected intravenously, marked platelet aggregation and fibrin deposition, followed by neutrophilic infiltration, were seen around the cancer cells arrested in pulmonary arterioles or capillaries. Platelet aggregation and fibrin deposition were less conspicuous, when the cancer cells with low thromboplastic activity were injected. No metastatic foci were found 2 weeks after the intravenous injection of each cancer cell line. These results suggest that thromboplastic activity of human cancer cells is closely related to thrombus formation at the sites of lodgement and that thrombus develops without participation of immunological mechanisms.
EXPERIMENTAL MURINE AMYLOIDOSIS — Evaluation of Induction Methods and Strain Difference —
Authors: Suzuki Toshimitsu , Ishikawa Shinobu , Motoyama Tei‐ichi , Oboshi Shoichi
Published: December 2008

Several experimental methods inducing murine amyloidosis were tested using six strains of mice including congential asplenic mice and athymic nude mice. Traditional induction method of amyloidosis by casein injections failed to cause amyloidosis in C3H/He mice. Single injection with complete Freund's adjuvant reinforced with Mycobacterium butyricum was also unable to induce amyloidosis in C3H/He, CBA, and BALB/c mice. Six or four injections with complete Freund's adjuvant at an interval of once a week successfully induced amyloidosis in CBA mice with high incidence but not in C3H/He, ICR/SLC, and BALB/c mice. Athymic nude mice with genetic background of BALB/c and congential asplenic mice, cross‐bred with G57BL/6 × C3H, were free from amyloidosis after six or fourteen injections with the adjuvant. Experimental amyloidosis in mice, therefore, might mainly depend on the strain of mice used and the induction method chosen.
TYPE III GLYCOGENOSIS WITH DEPOSITION OF URATE AND AMYLOID
Authors: Kawaguchi Yukihiro , Shirasawa Kenjiro , Yotsumoto Shoichi , Nagahara Sadao
Published: December 2008

A case of a 44‐year‐old man with hepatic form of glycogenosis was presented. The patient had abdominal distension and muscular weakness. The glucose tolerance test showed a diabetic pattern, though he had hypoglycemia in fasting state. The fructose tolerance test showed an ability of conversion from fructose to glucose. The double glucagon test showed no rise of blood glucose in fasting state but a rise 2 hours after meal. These symptoms and laboratory data supported the clinical diagnosis of type III glycogenosis. At autopsy, glycogen was markedly deposited in the liver, and slightly in the kidneys and heart. The glycogen pooled in the hepatic cells histochemically showed a normal reaction to several glycogen stainings. Electron microscopy by using Thiéry's method revealed that the pooled glycogen particles were clearly arranged as rosettes measuring 1.000Å in largest diameter composed of clustered monoparticulates. There were marked hyalinization of the islets of Langerhans containing amyloid. As to its pathogenesis, this change can be interpreted as a morphological expression of the hypofunction of β‐cells ascribed to long‐standing hypoglycemia.
IN VITRO TRANSFORMATION OF RAT BRAIN CELLS BY HUMAN ADENOVIRUS TYPE 12
Authors: Mano Shohei
Published: December 2008

In vitro transformation of brain cells cultured from various age rats by human adenovirus type 12 (Ad‐12) was studied. In cultured brain cells, five cell types could be identified light microscopically. In astrocytes, Ac‐2 and Ac‐1, astroprotein was demonstrated by immunofluorescence technique. In the former, intracytoplasmlc microfilaments were recognized by electron microscopy. Undifferentiated cells (Ud), ependymoglioblasts (EGb) and Ac‐1, grew prominently in cultures from young animals or of early passage levels. Ac‐2 and fibroblasts were prominent in cultures from aged animals or of late passage levels. Transformed foci appeared within about 20 days after Inoculation of Ad‐12 and often located in close association with the sheets of Ac‐1. Transformed cells morphologically resembled EGb or transitional cells from EGb to Ac‐1. Transformation rate was high in cultures from young animals or of early passage levels. Subcutaneous transplantation of these cells into newborn rats procued tumors whose histology was similar to Ad‐12‐induced rat brain tumor. T‐Ag were detected both in transformed and transplanted tumor cells. It was concluded, that the target cells of Ad‐12 in vitro correspond with immature brain cells (EGb and/or transitional cells from EGb to Ac‐1 cells).
PURIFICATION OF AMYLOID FIBRILS AND PROTEIN AA FROM MOUSE AMYLOID DEPOSITS INDUCED BY CASEINATE AND M. BUTYRICUM
Authors: Takahashi Yohei , Muro Hiroyuki , Goto Masahiro , Shirasawa Haruyuki
Published: December 2008

Amyloidosis was induced in mice by the simultaneous injection of sodium caseinate and heat‐killed M. butyricum. Amyloid fibrils were isolated by collagenase digestion, 1 M NaCl extraction and repeated washing with 0.15 M NaC1. The amyloid fibril fraction was practically free of contaminations such as collagen, chromatin and membranes as judged by electron microscopic morphometry. The protein AA was purified from the isolated fibrils to an apparent homogeniety as judged by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacry‐lamide gel electrophoresis using one step gel filtration from Sephacryl S‐200 in the presence of 6 M guanidine‐HC1 and 50 mM dithiothreitol. The molecular weight of the peptides of the protein AA were 8,500 and 10,000.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF HEMANGIOMAS
Authors: Kojimahara Masayasu , Yamazaki Keiji , Ooneda Genju
Published: December 2008

The fine structure of capillary hemangiomas from the skin of six young adults was investigated. All the vessels had non‐fenestrated endothelial cells. Their intercellular junctions had tight junctions, but desmosome‐We structures were also present. Cytoplasmic filaments (50–100Å in width) as well as microtubular bodies were present in some of the endothelial cells. The bodies were approximately 0.1 μm in diameter and up to 0.5 μm in length. Sub‐endothelial basement membrane was present and sometimes multilaminated. Pericytes had a feature of endothelial cells, fibroblasts, or smooth muscle cells. “Fibrous long‐spacing collagen fibrils” (periodicity: 700–1500Å) were seen in the vicinity of pericyte basement membranes or in the intervascular spaces.
PRECURSOR T CELL LEUKEMIA
Authors: Morita Takayuki , Morita Ruriko , Takagi Shinya , Shimoyama Norihiko , Nagai Kazunori
Published: December 2008

A case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a giant splenomegaly in an 8‐year‐old boy was investigated by immunological, cytochemical and electronmicroscopical techniques. Bone marrow and peripheral blood were largely replaced by large blast cells with a nonconvoluted nucleus. Cytochemically, most of the blast cells showed strong focal acid phosphatase activity. In the surface marker studies, these blast cells formed EAC rosettes but not E rosettes, while they showed positive reactivity with anti‐T lymphocyte serum but not with anti‐B lymphocyte serum. This membrane phenotype E‐, C3R+, T+, B‐ suggested that leukemic blast cells in this patient presumably originated from precursor T cells.
EXPERIMENTAL PYELONEPHRITIS IN MICE FOLLOWING ASCENDING INFECTION WITH E. COLI
Authors: Tanaka Noriko , Une Tsutomu , Ogawa Hidemasa
Published: December 2008

Adhesive and invasive strains of Escherichia coli induced chronic pyelonephritis in mice following the acute phase. The pathological features of the induced chronic pyelonephritis were different between the groups of mice infected with these strains. In piliated adhesive strain (E77156)‐infection, the kidneys with viable bacilli showed pyonephrosis with incomplete obstruction or atrophy with coarse scar. Mice with these renal lesions showed high serum antibody levels, but histologically recurrent infection was frequent. On the other hand, in non‐piliated invasive strain (633–65)‐infection, sterile pyelonephritis developed. This chronic lesion was characterized by the migration of antigen‐bearing macrophages and lymphocytes and by a negative serum antibody response. In infections with either strain the predominant lymphocytes in the renal lesions were smooth‐surfaced T‐lymphocytes.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF PROLONGED RESPIRATOR THERAPY ON THE NEONATE LUNG
Authors: Takemura Tamiko
Published: December 2008

Pulmonary alterations of 4 premature babies treated with mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy for long duration ranged from 26 to 172 days, following respiratory distress syndrome, were studied. Loss of cilia, hyperplasia of reserve cells of bronchi and bronchioles, proliferation of elastic and collagenous fibers of alveolar ducts and saccules, and occasional hyperplasia of smooth muscle cells were usually observed. In the air spaces, emphysematous foci were intermingled with atelectatic area. Hyperplasia of II type alveolar cells and proliferation of interstitial cells were correlated with the effects of high concentrations of oxygen. Medial hypertrophy and intimal thickening of muscular type pulmonary arteries were prominent in long survivors. These pulmonary lesions may result from both mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy.
DEPOSITION OF IGA‐DOMINANT IMMUNE‐COMPLEXES IN MUSCULAR VESSELS FROM PATIENTS WITH IGA NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Tomino Yasuhiko , Nomoto Yasuo , Endoh Masayuki , Sakai Hideto
Published: December 2008

The emergence of immunoglobulin depositions in muscular vessels from patients with IgA nephropathy was examined to determine whether the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy was mediated by circulating IgA‐dominant immune‐complexes. Muscle biopsy specimens were obtained from the right flank at the same time of modified open renal biopsy. These biopsy samples were stained with fluorescein‐conjugated anti human IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and C3 antisera It was demonstrated that the depositions of IgA and/or C3 were observed in muscular vessels from some patients with IgA nephropathy. It is indicated that IgA nephropathy might be mediated by circulating IgA‐dominant immune‐complexes.
AUTOIMMUNE ANTI‐GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS INDUCED WITH ISOLOGOUS RENAL ANTIGEN IN RATS
Authors: Hara Masanori , Kihara Itaru , Morita Takashi , Oite Takashi , Yamamoto Tadashi
Published: December 2008

In an attempt to reproduce “glycoprotein nephritis”, nephritogenic glycoprotein or glycopeptides were prepared from isologous renal cortices by the method of Shibata et al. Rats of Wistar Imamichi that were given a single injection with glycoprotein or glycopeptides in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) to the hind footpads developed glomerulonephritis. Light microscopic findings were essentially similar to those in their reports. However, in spite of similar materials and methods as they used, immuno‐fluorescent findings were entirely different; localization of rat IgG and complement showed a “linear pattern” in contrast to their “mesangial pattern.” Linear pattern in immunofluorescent study supports a notion that we succeeded in induction of autoimmune anti‐glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (Steblay's type nephritis) by immunization with isologous renal antigen.
ARTHUS‐TYPE NEPHRITIS: II.
Authors: Shigematsu Hidekazu , Takizawa Jun , Akikusa Bunshiro , Niwa Yuichi
Published: December 2008

The uptake and transport of immune complexes (IC) in glomeruli were studied in Arthus‐type nephritis induced by ferritin anti‐ferritin IC. This experimental nephritis was transient in nature, forming electron dense aggregates and deposits in glomeruli, and was considered to be suitable for the analysis of the glomerular defence against immune complex injury. The IC were taken up and removed from the glomerular circulation first by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and later by macrophages. The IC in the glomerular capillary walls and mesangium were seen to shift slowly from the peripheral part of the glomeruli to the more central and juxtaglomerular area. It is speculated that the glomerular integrity is maintained from the immune complex induced tissue injury through the handling and removal of phlogogenic IC by the blood derived phagocytic system and intrinsic glomerular clearing system.
LEIOMYOSARCOMA OF THE HEART COLLIDING WITH ATRIAL MYXOMA
Authors: Karasawa Tsutomu , Shikata Toshio , Yamazaki Yukio , Nemoto Norimichi , Waku Hiroshi , Shionome Shoichi , Sato Kazuo
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of a primary cardiac leiomyosarcoma of the left atrium colliding with a myxoma in the same chamber was presented. Cardiac signs and symptoms were remarkably silent. She died with multiple systemic metastasis of the leiomyosarcoma. As far as we are aware of, this is the first report of a case with double primary cardiac tumors in collision.
DIFFERENCES OF THE VENTRAL AND DORSAL ANLAGEN OF PANCREAS AFTER FUSION
Authors: Suda Koichi , Mizuguchi Kunio , Hoshino Akihiko
Published: December 2008

The distribution of the ventral pancreas after fusion was considered as a dorsal portion of the head containing the area surrounding the intrapancreatic common bile duct and the uncinate process from the embryological point of view and by the distribution of “Irregularly shaped Islets”. These special islets were not uniform in shape and contained few A, B, and D cells and many argyrophil cells with Grimelius stain. In some cases the ventral pancreas was identified macroscopically from the dorsal one by the presence of the smaller and closely packed lobuli. As for the differences of both anlagen, we emphasized “the irregularly shaped islets” and scantier fat in the ventral pancreas.
RECEPTORS FOR HELIX POMATIA AGGLUTININ ON NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: Tsutsumi Yutaka
Published: December 2008

In order to investigate the distribution and significance of receptors for Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), paraffin sections from several reactive and 71 neoplastic lymphoid tissues were utilized for a histochemical study after neuraminidase treatment. Lymphocytes in the germinal center and thymic cortex were mostly negative for the receptors, while most of the lymphocytes in the thymus‐dependent area, some of those in the primary follicle or in the marginal zone and most of the plasma cells in the medulla possessed the receptors on their surfaces. Nodular lymphomas, thymomas and diffuse lymphoblastic lymphomas were mostly negative in contrast to the positive reaction in diffuse poorly differentiated lymphomas of B‐cell type and plasmocytomas. Diffuse histiocytic lymphomas and diffuse mixed lymphocytic and histiocytic lymphomas occasionally possessed the receptors, irrespective of their immunological markers. Hodgkin's cells were negative on their surfaces, but were occasionally positive in their cytoplasms as seen in case of histiocytes. From these results, HPA receptors could be neither T‐cell nor B‐cell differentiation marker. The possibility that HPA‐receptor‐negative lymphocytes may have a quick turn‐over rate or a short life span is also discussed.
HODGKIN'S DISEASE Analysis of Fifty‐Three Autopsy Cases
Authors: Aozasa Katsuyuki , Ito Hiroshi , Bandai Hisashi , Yamamoto Shigeo
Published: December 2008

Eighty‐eight autopsy cases originally diagnosed as Hodgkin's disease (HD) were reevaluated, and 53 cases were obtained as HD. Fifty three cases with HD were composed of 46 males and 7 females and 52 cases had an active disease. Frequencies of 4 subtypes such as lymphocytic predominant, mixed cellularity, lymphocytic depletion, and nodular sclerosis were found to be 25, 54, 14, and 7%, respectively at biopsy and 12, 38, 44, and 6%, respectively at autopsy, showing transition of subtype in HD. The manner of organ involvement, deviation of histologic figures between nodes and/or other organs, associated diseases including non‐bacterial inflammation of lung, amyloidosis and secondary malignancy and differential diangosis of HD from the confusing diseases observed in our series were described.
CRYSTALLINE INCULSION IN MYXOID LIPOSARCOMA
Authors: Guevara Maria E. , Machinami Rikuo , Higaki Shozo
Published: December 2008

An electron‐microscopic study of a myxoid liposarcoma is presented in which amorphous electron‐dense material and crystalline inclusions in the granular endoplasmic reticulum were observed. These inclusions showed transversal striations and were associated with round electrondense bodies. The previous finding of similar structures in normal cells from vertebrates and plants without relationship to adipose tissue discards the direct association of these inclusions with this particular tumor and suggests a possible functional origin.
ADAMANTINOMA OF THE TIBIA A Case Report and a Statistical Review of Reported Cases
Authors: Mori Hiroshi , Shima Ryuichi , Nakanishi Hayao , Yoshida Aichi , Fukunishi Ryo
Published: December 2008

A case of adamantinoma of the tibia is reported. A 70‐year‐old man complained of a painful swelling over the lower front of the right tibia. Roentgenograms showed an oval well‐circumscribed, multilocular cystic lesion. Curettage and bone grafting were performed, and 17 months later the patient is in good condition. Microscopically the tumor tissue consisted mainly of epithelial Islands with a palisading at the periphery and a loose reticular pattern in the center of the tumor cell nests, showing a close resemblance to the ameloblastoma of the jaw bones. Electron micrographs revealed the epithelial nature of the tumor cells, i.e., a continuous basal lamina, desmosomes and bundles of microfilaments, probably tonofilaments. One hundred fifty six cases of this peculiar primary skeletal bone tumor previously reported in the literature were reviewed and discussed.
Morphological fate and sequelae of human atherosclerosis: Evaluation of immune mechanisms in atherogenesis through immunohistological and ultrastructural analysis
Authors: Shimokama Tatsuro , Haraoka Seiji , Watanabe Teruo
Published: December 2008

Modern techniques of investigation have revealed several similarities between atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation, and that immune mechanisms seem to operate in the incipient and subsequent phases of atherosclerosis. In the present study, the fate and morphogenesis of human atherosclerosis was considered, and the immune aspects of atherogenesis were analysed, using fresh human aorta obtained from autopsy cases. One of the earliest changes in the grossly normal, lesion‐prone area of the aorta from young cases (prelesional changes) was the infiltration of blood‐borne T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages beneath the endothelium. Cell‐populated lesions abounding in T lymphocytes and rnacrophages, often bearing signs of activation, with or without cytoplasmic lipids were found in the fatty streaks, cap and shoulder regions of more advanced atheromatous plaques. The ultrastructural observation of cell‐rich areas suggested that cognate cell‐to‐cell interaction plays a pivotal role in atherosclerosis, as well as cytokine‐mediated paracrine or autorcrine mechanisms. From an immunological perspective, the areas where both cell types are especially numerous and in close proximity are considered to be the areas with an index of disease activeness or progressiveness. Also, the present authors show evidence of clonal expansion of T lymphocytes. It is most likely that the increase of intimal cells was caused by the recruitment of immunocompetent cells from the bloodstream into the intima and by the clonal expansion of T lymphocytes. In addition, dead or dying cells were identified in areas of different stages ranging from prelesional areas to atheromatous plaques. Thus, the initiation and progression of human atherosclerosis appears to be punctuated by brief episodes of immunological events related to cell infiltration, proliferation and death.
Distortion in TGFβ1 peptide immunolocalization in biliary atresia: Comparison with the normal pattern in the developing human intrahepatic bile duct system
Authors: Tan Carolyn E. L. , Chan Vivian S. W. , Yong Rita Y. Y. , Vijayan Vijayalaxmy , Tan Wan L. , Chong Stephanie M. C. Fook , Ho Jean M. S. , Cheng Henry H.
Published: December 2008

Biliary atresia is an important cause of neonatal obstructive jaundice in which there is inflammation, sclerosis and eventual obliteration of the bile duct system. Its onset may be antenatal, affecting the normal development of the biliary system. The intrahepatic biliary system is derived from the ductal plate, a sheath of cuboidal epithelium that appears at the hepatocyte‐mesenchymal junction around the portal vein branches at 6 weeks gestation. This epithelial structure is moulded into a network of tubular bile ducts by the proliferating mesenchyme. Certain portions of the ductal plate are selected to become definitive bile ducts, while redundant biliary epithelium is deleted. The molecular dynamics controlling the intra‐uterine development of the biliary system in humans are not yet clearly understood. Transforming growth factor‐β1 is a cytokine that stimulates mes‐enchymal proliferation and inhibits epithelial growth, and has been shown to be important in organogenesis. In the present study, the pattern of TGFβ1 peptide immunolocalization was investigated with the aid of computerized image analysis, in normal human bile duct development and in biliary atresia. TGFβ1 peptide was detected within hepata‐cytes and ductal plate epithelium from 7 weeks gestation; increased TGFβ1 immunoreactivity was present within the epithelium of developing bile ducts at 13 weeks gestation, and apical polarization of the cytokine was observed from 16 weeks gestation. In biliary atresia, the TGFβ1 immunoreactivity pattern within the bile duct structures at the porta hepatis and within intrahepatic portal tracts resembled that of the primitive ductal plate, and there was no significant apical polarization. This may indicate a developmental arrest in the normal ductal plate remodelling process in biliary atresia, and suggests an underlying epithelial‐mesenchymal interactive disorder.