bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equal-gain combining with interference mitigation for molecular type hopping assisted molecular shift keying systems
Authors: Weidong Gao  , Terrence Mak  , Lie-Liang Yang
Published: December 2021

In multiple access molecular diffusive communications, many nano-machines exchange information and fuse data through a common Diffusive Molecular Communication (DMC) channel. Hence, there is Multiple-Access Interference (MAI), which should be sufficiently mitigated so as to achieve reliable communications. In this paper, we propose a novel low-complexity detection scheme, namely Equal-Gain Combining with Interference Mitigation (EGC-IM), for signal detection in the Molecular Type Hopping assisted Molecular Shift Keying (MTH-MoSK) DMC systems. By removing a number of entries from each row of the detection matrix formed during detection, the EGC-IM scheme shows its potential to significantly mitigate MAI and hence, outperform the conventional EGC scheme. Furthermore, the EGC-IM scheme has lower complexity than the conventional EGC scheme and therefore, it is beneficial for practical implementation.
Մամրվանի գավառի ժողովրդագրական պատկերն ըստ XVI դարի օսմանյան հարկացուցակների
Authors: Akopov Arkadi
Published: December 2021

Ուսումնասիրությունը նվիրված է Օսմանյան կայսրության Էրզումի նահանգի կազմում ընդգրկված, Մեծ Հայքի Տայք աշխարհի տարածքում ձևավորված Մամրվանի գավառի ժողովրդագրական պատկերին։ XVI դարում գավառը բաժանված էր երկու գյուղախմբերի՝ Մամրվանի և Ախայի, որոնցում հաշվվում էր ավելի քան 9 տասնյակ բնակավայր։ Այն մեծմասամբ բնակեցված էր հայերով, սակայն առկա էին նաև այլ ազգերի ներկայացուցիչներ։
Ամենայն Հայոց Կաթողիկոս Ղուկաս Կարնեցու դպրոցաշինական գործունեության շուրջ
Authors: Amirjanyan Hasmik
Published: December 2021

Հայ պատմագրության մեջ Ղուկաս Կարնեցուն տրվել են իրարամերժ գնահատականներ` մեծարանքի խոսքերից ընդհուպ ուսման հակառակորդ: Ղ. Կարնեցու կրթամշակութային գործունեության գնահատման առնչությամբ ձևավորված ուրույն մոտեցումն ուներ մի շարք օբյեկտիվ և սուբյեկտիվ պատճառներ: Մեր նպատակն է վեր հանել դրանք ու ներկայացնել ժամանակաշրջանի մշակութային կյանքի որոշակի անկման պատճառները:
Ինչո՞ւ փակվեց Ալեքսանդրապոլի Պատվո բլուրի գերեզմանոցը (ըստ ՀՀ ազգային արխիվի փաստաթղթերի)
Authors: Avagyan Inga
Published: December 2021

Հեղինակն ուսումնասիրել է Հայաստանի ազգային արխիվում պահպանվող 1262 ֆոնդի՝ ց. 2, գ. 340-ի փաստաթղթերը, որոնք վերաբերում են Ալեքսանդրապոլի Պատվո բլուրի զինվորական գերեզմանոցի փակման խնդրին՝ սկսած Ալեքսանդրապոլի քաղաքային դումայի ձայնավոր (պատգամավոր) Դավիթ Խարաձեի դիմումից, որի հիման վրա Ալեքսանդրապոլի քաղաքագլուխը նահանգապետին միջնորդության գործընթաց է սկսում: Դրա արդյունքում Պատվո բլուրի նշանավոր գերեզմանոցը համարվում է փակված՝ հակառակ Ալեքսանդրապոլի կայազորի պետի և Թիֆլիսում տեղակայված Կովկասյան ռազմական օկրուգի հրամանատարի կարծիքների:
ՌՍԴԲԿ Ալեքսանդրապոլի զինվորական սոցիալ-դեմոկրատական կազմակերպությունը ռուսական առաջին հեղափոխության տարիներին
Authors: Hayrapetyan Armen
Published: December 2021

1905թ. հունվարի 9-ին Պետերբուրգում խաղաղ ցուցարարների գնդակոծմամբ սկսվեց Ռուսաստանում առաջին բուրժուա-դեմոկրատական հեղափոխությունը: Այն ալեկոծեց ողջ երկիրը՝ իր հորձանուտի մեջ առնելով նաև Ալեքսանդրապոլը:
Հոդվածի շրջանակներում գիտական գրականության, արխիվային վավերագրերի և պարբերական մամուլի հաղորդումների համադրմամբ՝ առանձին քննության առարկա է դարձել ՌՍԴԲԿ Ալեքսանդրապոլի զինվորական սոցիալ-դեմոկրատական կազմակերպության գործունեությունը Ռուսական առաջին հեղափոխության տարիներին, ներկայացվել են շարժման պատճառները, ընթացքն ու արդյունքները, լուսաբանվել են հեղափոխական շարժումն արմատախիլ անելու ուղղությամբ իշխանությունների գործադրած քայլերը:
Ռուբեն Հերյանի համագործակցությունը Հայ բարեգործական ընդհանուր միության հետ
Authors: Hovhannisyan Heghine
Published: December 2021

Հոդվածի շրջանակներում ներկայացվում է «հայ որբերու հայրիկի»՝ Ռուբեն Հերյանի անձնվեր գործունեությունը որբերի հավաքագրման և որ-բանոցներում տեղավորելու վերաբերյալ, ինչպես նաև Հերյանի համագործակցությունը ՀԲԸ միության հետ: Հանգամանալից ներկայացվում է նաև ՀԱԱ-ում պահպանվող Ռուբեն Հերյանի ֆոնդը (420) և ՀԲԸ միության կողմից տրամադրված գումարային օգնությունը հայ որբերին, կանանց և աղջիկներին թուրքական սպանդից փրկելու, գերությունից ազատագրելու համար:
Spear Butts or Sceptre Heads? Towards the Ferrules from Lori Berd
Authors: Devedjyan Seda , Davtyan Ruben
Published: December 2021

H. Martirosyan’s contribution in the development of archaeology in Armenia is enormous. Thanks to his efforts, the archaeology in Armenia reached a new level. As for our article, it is important to mention that the excavations at the necropolis of Lori Berd were initiated and supported by H. Martirosyan, who was the head of the Department of Prehistoric Archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Soviet Armenia back then. Moreover, he supervised the PhD thesis of S. Devedjyan (one of the contributors of this article).
Исследование антропологических материалов могильника Лернакерт из северо-западного склона Арагаца (палеопатологический аспект)
Authors: Khudaverdyan Anahit
Published: December 2021

Работа посвящена исследованию костного материала, полученного в результате раскопок 2019-2020 гг. памятника Лернакерт. Серия состоит из 10 костяков. В процессе исследования применялась методика фиксирования палеопатологических признаков на костях скелета. В результате проведенной работы удалось определить важные особенности жизнедеятельности изучаемой выборки, определить половозрастные показатели и особенности распространения заболеваний обмена веществ, костно-суставного аппарата и инфекций.
Զորաց քարեր մեգալիթյան հնավայրի պեղումների նախնական արդյունքները (2014-2018 թթ.)
Authors: Piliposyan Ashot
Published: December 2021

Զորաց քարեր հնավայրը, որպես մեգալիթյան հուշարձան, առանձնակի դեր ու նշանակություն ունի Հայաստանի հնագիտության համար: Շուրջ մեկ հայրյուրամյակ այստեղ կատարվող սիրողական, նաև մասնագիտական հետազոտությունները բազմաթիվ խնդիրեր են առաջ բերել, որոնց համակողմանի վերհանման, հետազոտման, մեկնաբանման ու ներկայացման համար կարևոր են ինչպես հնագետների, այնպես նաև այլ մասնագիտությունների (պատմաբաններ, արևելագետներ, բանագետներ, աշխարհագրագետներ, հնամարդաբաններ, երկրաբաններ, հանքաբաններ, ճարտարապետներ, ֆիզիկոսներ, աստղագետներ և այլն) տեր մարդկանց համատեղ ու համակարգված աշխատանքների արդյունքները: Սույն հոդվածը ներկայացնում է Զորաց քարեր հնավայրի դամբարանադաշտի հատվածում 2014-2018 թթ. իրականացված պարբերական պեղումների նախնական արդյունքները:
Վիմագրական ուսումնասիրություններ Գեղարքունիքի մարզից
Authors: Adamyan Susanna
Published: December 2021

Սույն հոդվածը ներկայացնում է Գեղարքունիքի մարզի մի շարք համայնքներում հեղինակի կատարած վիմագրագիտական ուսումնասիրությունները, որոնցով հայտնաբերվել են նորահայտ տասնյակ կոթողներ, ընդօրինակվել են հարյուրից ավելի վիմագրեր, տասնյակ վիմագրեր համեմատվել են նախորդ հրատարակիչների աշխատություններում տեղ գտած վիմագրերի հետ:
Լագաշի տիրակալ Էաննատումը և Սուբուր երկիրը
Authors: Ghazaryan Robert , Tsakanyan Ruslan
Published: December 2021

Ինչպես հայտնի է, Վաղնջական Հայաստանի և նրա հարակից տարածքների վերաբերյալ, թեև սուղ, սակայն միաժամանակ բավականին արժեքավոր տեղեկություններ են հաղորդում շումերական սեպագիր արձանագրությունները։ Դրանց թվին են պատկանում նաև շումերական Լագաշ քաղաքպետության տիրակալ Էաննատումի երեք հաղորդումները, որտեղ, ի թիվս այլ երկրների, հիշատակվում է նաև Սուբուր/Սուբարտու երկիրը։ Սույն հոդվածը նվիրված է այդ արձանագրության հաղորդումների քննությանը։
Advancing Paulinian Core Values As SPUP’s Response To Climate Change
Authors:   St. Paul University, Philippines, Lappay Allan Peejay M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract With the adverse effects of Climate Change in the environment, it is necessary to critically examine attitudes and behaviors relevant to environmental values. Highlighting the incorporation of the Paulinian Core Values, St. Paul University Philippines (SPUP) fostered environmental programs, projects, activities, and partnerships towards the realization of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) on Climate Change. Utilizing the descriptive research design, this study examined the extent of integration of the Paulinian Core Values, namely: Christ-centeredness, Commission, Charity, Charism, and Community in the implementation of SPUP’s Climate Change initiatives. With participants composed of teachers, students, alumni, and members of partner-communities, the results showed that the degree of integration of the Paulinian Core Values in the realization of the University’s Climate Change-related endeavors is gauged to a “Very Great Extent”. Moreover, the findings also demonstrated the ability of SPUP to foster relevant and responsive environmental advocacy in engaging its academic and partner-communities towards the advancement of its Climate Change undertakings. This is reflected in the paradigm on SPUP Environmental Core Values, where the principles of ecological spirituality, environmental integrity, environmental justice, environmental engagement, and environmental stewardship are advanced vis-à-vis the Paulinian Core Values. KEYWORDS: St. Paul University Philippines, Climate Change initiatives, Paulinian Core Values, Environmental advocacy, SPUP Environmental Core Values
Epidemiology of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury in Brazil
Authors: Souza Leandro Cândido de , Oliveira Ricardo Santos de , Vale Francisco de Assis Carvalho do , Ballestero Matheus Fernando Manzolli
Published: December 2021

Background: Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious social and economic problem. Emerging countries have 89% of the cases worldwide and lack relevant epidemiological studies on the subject. Objectives: Characterize the demographic, social and economic profiles of the pediatric population suffering TBI in Brazil. Methods: Data on the cases of pediatric TBI in Brazil between 2008 and 2020 were collected through the computer department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) maintained by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Results: There are about 28,836 hospital admissions due to pediatric TBI per year and an incidence of 45.11 admissions /100,000/year. The in-hospital mortality rate was 1.47/100,000/year, and the case fatality rate was 3.26%. The average annual cost of hospital expenses was US$ 12.311.759, with the average admission cost having a value of US $417. The 15–19 age group was the most frequently admitted to hospital for pediatric TBI and had the highest number of in- hospital deaths; in addition, more males were affected by this trauma compared to females at a rate of 2.31:1. Ethnic populations that are social minorities are more susceptible to a poor prognosis of TBI. Conclusion: Pediatric TBI should be recognized as an important public health problem in Brazil, as it is responsible for considerable social and economic costs. Public policies that reduce the causes of this type of trauma in the pediatric population are urgently needed in Brazil and other emerging countries.
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) as a presentation of Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy (FAP): diagnostic error or overlap?
Authors: Musso Alexandre Amaral , Barros Maria Rufina , Paseto Ryann Pancieri
Published: December 2021

Case report: Male, 72 years old, with progressive tetraparesis, paraesthesia and burning pain with distal predominance. Electroneuromyography (ENMG) showed findings suggestive of sensory-motor axonal polyneuropathy and signs of active and chronic denervation in the L5 and S1 territory. Underwent lumbar arthrodesis and during surgery, presented symptomatic bradycardia requiring a pacemaker. He reported partial pain improvement, but had bilateral foot drop and bladder retention. New ENMG demonstrated findings, now suggestive of CIDP. Underwent intravenous corticosteroid therapy without improvement. In 2019, he presented dysphagia for solids, weight loss, erectile dysfunction, postural hypotension and sensory-motor worsening. Underwent Human Immunoglobulin for 6 months. As there was no improvement, he was referred to our service. Best analysis in history revealed heart disease in 3 siblings. Genetic sequencing was performed for FAP that demonstrated a VAL50MET mutation. Context: FAP is an autosomal dominant inherited disease, caused by mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene that determine the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates. Peripheral neuropathy differs from classic CIDP pattern by the distribution of weakness, important impairment of fine fibers and refractoriness to immunosuppressive treatment. Conclusions: FAP is a serious and treatable condition. Early diagnosis has a huge impact on life quality. Although confusion with CIDP is frequent, it is possible through history to differentiate these conditions.
Pisa syndrome in Parkinson’s disease: case description
Authors: Pinheiro Renato Serquiz Elias , Soares Emanuelly da Costa Nobre , Figueiredo Maria Eduarda Bezerra , Cicco Stella Mandu
Published: December 2021

Context: Pisa Syndrome (PS) is a rare postural disorder, characterized by dystonia of the trunk muscles, lateral deviation as well as rotation of the axial axis. There is a strong association with Parkinson’s disease (PD) due to the possible imbalance between neurotransmitters. It happens either due to a decrease in dopaminergic stimuli, either because of an excess of cholinergic stimuli or drugs (an example of antidopaminergics). The diagnosis is clinical, showing at least a 10-degree trunk flexion with improvement of pharmacological and non- pharmacological measures. Case report: A 60-year-old man was diagnosed with PD five years ago due to tipical clinical complaints and physical examination. The treatment recquired an increase of Pramipexole as well as the use of Levodopa and Benserazide. After two years, he complained about neck pain, low back pain, hip pain and a slight trunk twisting. After six months, his pain was worse and he reported right hemidystonia. Thus, he was diagnosed with PS associated with PD. It was decided to optimize the therapy with Pregabalin, muscle relaxants and rehabilitation. However, it did not show any good result. In 2020, the application of botulinum toxin (BTX) evidenced excellent results, improving both the pain and the spasticity of the patient. Conclusions: Early recognition is necessary to introduce the right treatment as soon as possible, especially BTX and rehabilitation, ensuring functionality and avoiding negative outcomes.
Deep brain stimulation for treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Andrade Gabriel Costa Ferreira
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative and chronic disorder that affects the central nervous system. It occurs due to the degeneration of neurons in the ventral layer of the compact part of the substance nigra and the locus ceruleus, for reasons still unknown. As a result, there is a decrease in dopamine, causing the classic manifestations of the disease, mainly motor. Deep Cerebral Stimulation (ECP) is a therapeutic modality that emerged in the 1980s and has achieved quite satisfactory results in the treatment of PD, especially in more advanced cases and / or refractory to drug treatment. Objectives: To analyze the effectiveness of ECP for the treatment of PD. Methodology: This study consists of an integrative review through the selection of eight articles published randomly between 2017 and 2021 on the platforms PubMed and Google Scholar, using the descriptors “Parkinson’s Disease” and “Deep Brain Stimulation” in the English and Portuguese languages. Results: It is seen that the symptoms of PD are related to the reduction of activation of areas such as motor cortex, substance nigra and globe palidum. In this sense, ECP uses the application of constant or intermittent electrical current, of low intensity and high frequency. Such a stimulus is capable of inhibiting the activity of the subthalamic nucleus or pale globe, among other regions, resulting in significant improvement of symptoms. On the other hand, some recent studies have identified a risk, albeit low, of post-procedure movement limitations, deaths from infections and increased suicides. Conclusion: There was an improvement in physical symptoms, as well as a significant decrease in the frequency of dementia, depression and psychological problems, with the ECP being a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of PD.
Relationship between hearing loss and cognitive memory decline in an elderly population
Authors: Moya Manoel Vilela , Pierotti Mariana Laranjeira , Rodrigues Alyosha Fabiana
Published: December 2021

Background: The major complaints of the elderly are hearing and memory loss, which have a devastating impact on the communication process. Previous studies have shown that hearing loss is associated with the acceleration of this cognitive decline. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between moderate to moderatelysevere hearing loss and memory deficit in elderly individuals. Design and setting: This is an observational, cross-sectional study realized in seniors of Hearing Care Program at the Taubaté University Hospital, Taubaté - SP/ Brazil. Methods: Data was collected using audiometry, anamnesis, and the cognition test Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) in 60-75 years old individuals, without knowledge of previous cognitive memory deficit and without the use of hearing aids. Results: Between the 61 seniors interviewed, 68% had moderate degree of deafness and 32% moderately severe degree. Among the normal results in the MMSE, 24% had moderately severe deafness; of those with cognitive impairment without indication of investigation of dementia, 35.7% had moderately severe deafness, and of those with indication of investigation of dementia, 50% had moderately severe deafness. In addition, 23% of the total sample had results in the normal cutoff range, showing the tendency for cognitive decline in this population. Conclusions: these data indicate a progression in the proportion of individuals with a higher degree of hearing loss, the higher the cognitive deficit.
Cognitive impairment associated with COVID-19: a literature review
Authors: Garcia Ana Carolina Pereira , Meneses Alice Campos , Cavalcante Ana Karolinne Cruz , Morais Caroline Rodrigues de , Henz Gabriel Dias , Pessôa Gabriela Rodrigues , Fernandez Liana Lisboa
Published: December 2021

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is capable of causing neurological symptoms of the CNS in addition to respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. Early knowledge of the possible cognitive functions compromised by the infection will allow the health system to anticipate and create measures to minimize irreversible damage. Objectives: to analyze the cognitive impairment associated with COVID-19, taking into account its pathophysiological mechanisms and their short and long-term consequences. Methods: Narrative review of 62 articles, based on an active search on the PubMed, Google Scholar, Jama and American Academy of Neurology research platforms. Results: Cognitive impairment can be present both during and after infection. The main risk factors for cognitive impairments in the short term are: other neurological symptoms (headache, anosmia, dysgeusia); diarrhea and oxygen therapy. The main cognitive functions affected were memory, attention, executive functions (mental flexibility) and language (semantic and phonetic fluency) associated with anxiety and depression. The factors that contribute to long-term cognitive decline are: previous cognitive weakness (comorbidities); the inflammatory process of COVID-19 with pulmonary (hypoxia), vascular (ischemia), neurological (neuronal damage) and hospitalization (sedation, isolation, delirium). The hippocampus appears to be particularly vulnerable to coronavirus infections. Conclusion: Short-term and long-term cognitive impairment associated with COVID-19 may be related to the increased likelihood of cognitive impairment, as well as the acceleration of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Follow-up with neuropsychological assessments of these patients and epidemiological studies are necessary to analyze this impact and to create prevention and treatment programs.
Punctate pattern and Milky Way appearance caused by PML in a patient with AIDS
Authors: Ferreira João Henrique Fregadolli , Franzoi André , Teixeira Bernardo Corrêa de Almeida , Ferreira Tamires Maier Silva , Souza Mariana de Moura , França João Cesar Beenke
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic infection caused by reactivation of JC virus in the central nervous system and is an important differential diagnosis in patients with subacute focal neurologic deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive tool for detection of early manifestations of the disease1 . Case Report: A 42-year-old woman with a previous diagnosis of HIV infection, without treatment for the last two years, presented with progressive headache, left hemiparesis, hypoesthesia and homonymous hemianopia in the last two months. CD4 cell count was 16 cel/mm3 and viral load of 99.364 copies/mL. Brain MRI revealed multifocal, subcortical and confluent hyperintense T2/FLAIR lesions in the right parietooccipital lobe, crossing the midline by the corpus callosum, with hyperintense peripheral rim on DWI-image and a central hypointense core, without mass effect. On T2-weighted image, typical multiple punctiform hyperintensities formed the Punctate Pattern, which is known as the Milky Way appearance when nearby a larger PML lesion. The final diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of JC virus on cerebrospinal fluid by PCR. Discussion: The punctate pattern is characterized by at least three punctiform (<5mm) hyperintense lesions on T2/FLAIR images, with or without contrast enhancement. It has already been described in PML, neurosarcoidosis, hematologic diseases, CLIPPERS and CNS vasculitis. Recently it was described as a highly specific feature of PML related to natalizumab, even in pre-symptomatic stages. Further studies are required stablish its incidence in patients with PML from other causes2.
Mesenchymal stem cells modulate the gene expression of cationchloride co-transporter KCC2 in epileptogenesis
Authors: Becker Nicole Bernd , Alcará Allan Marinho , Ghilardi Isadora , Pimentel Vitoria , Pinzetta Giulia , Provenz Laura , Leal Gabriel , Zocche Giovani , Marinowic Daniel , Zanirati Gabriele , Costa Jaderson Costa da
Published: December 2021

Background: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE), by firing of neuronal populations, leads to spontaneous and recurrent seizures1 . As 30% of TLE patients do not respond to pharmacotherapy2,3, it is necessary to search for alternatives. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive approach in this context, due to their less invasive character and its ability to modulate diseased niches. Objective: Analyze the gene expression related to the cation-chloride cotransporter KCC2 in TLE induced by pilocarpine model in rats. Design and Setting: Experimental study, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: MSCs were extracted from the bone marrow of Wistar rats, cultured and transplanted intravenously and intranasally into healthy and epileptic Wistar rats. Results: It was observed a decrease in the expression of KCC2 in the brain of the animals at 1-day post-transplant, which refers to a down-regulation, and an increase at 7 days post-transplant, representing an up-regulation. The loss of function of KCC2 decreases the release of chloride with difficulty in inhibiting GABAergic inhibition, resulting in hyperexcitability of neuronal circuits. In this case, MSCs can promote rearrangement in gamma-aminobutyric acid-mediated inhibition, reducing hyperexcitability and hypersynchronicity. Hence, KCC2 down-regulation is associated with epileptiform activity, while up-regulation can be related to the MSCs effects. Also, KCC2 expression showed a kind of pattern at 1-day post- transplant in both routes of administration, providing the possibility that KCC2 can be explored as a biomarker for epilepsy. Conclusion: KCC2 is an important target for epilepsy, as well MSCs have a modulatory function on the levels of the expression of this gene in animals induced to status epilepticus by pilocarpine.
Predictors of delirium in poststroke patients
Authors: Carneiro Lays Oliveira , Silva Ivã Taiuan Fialho , Santos Tayla Samanta Silva dos , Jesus Pedro Antonio Pereira de
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Delirium is a common disorder in patients after stroke. We designed a study to evaluate the incidence of delirium and risk factors for its occurrence after stroke. Design and setting: Prospective cohort study at Hospital Geral Roberto Santos. Methods: Patients were admitted within 72h of ictus. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method in an Intensive Care Unit scale. Results: 279 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 61.08 (± 13.05) years, 54.0% of whom were men. The incidence of delirium was 28% (n = 78). Delirium patients were older (68.9 ± 12.6 vs 58.8 ± 12.5; p <0.001) and had a higher NIHSS on admission [11 (7-15) vs 8 (5-12); p <0.001]. The occurrence of delirium was associated with a previous diagnosis of hypertension [RR = 2.62 (1.13-6.09)], hemorrhagic stroke [RR 1.94 (1.13-2.86)], cardioembolic etiology [RR 2.21 (1.22-3.97)] and infection during hospitalization [RR 5.27 (3.54-7.84)]. Independent predictors of delirium: age ≥ 65 years [OR 1.06 (1.02 -1.10)], epileptic seizures in ictus [OR 6.28 (1.65 - 23.91)], infection [OR 14.17 (6.39 - 31.43)] and hemorrhagic stroke [OR 4.04 (1.51-10.78)]. Conclusion: Delirium is a common complication after acute stroke, affecting 28% of patients. In view of the importance of identifying risk factors in the acute setting of stroke, further studies are needed to elucidate the association of the findings with the occurrence of delirium.
Rates of hospitalizations for migraines and other cephalic algias syndromes is children between 2014 and 2020
Authors: Muniz Camila Osterne , Fernandes Bruna Araújo , Oliveira Beatriz Murta Melo , Paiva Raquel Rebouças , Fonseca Daniele Santos , Mucci Marina Behne , Gois Maria Grasiele dos Anjos , Amorim Gardênia Ellen Almeida de , Oliveira Emanuelle de Lima , Martins Talita Tourinho Barbosa , Oliveira Cinthia Nascimento , Sena Paula Fonseca de , Paz Larissa Neves da , Machado Thaís Mudadu Carmona , Lima Diana Castro de Jesus , Guitzel Laura Magalhães , Lins Layne Nunes , Barreto Thaís Lima , Silva Júnior Wilson da
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Migraine is the most common chronic headache in childhood, however, it is still little diagnosed in the pediatric group. Early crises can be very early, at 6 months of age. It may present in different ways according to the age group of the child and may or may not resemble the clinical picture of the associated manifestations that may aid in diagnosis. Methods and Objectives: The study used data available on the DataSus, in the category of hospitalization by the CID-10, in the group of less than 1 year, between 1 and 4 years, 5 and 9 years and 10 and 14 years, in the period from 2014 to 2020, to discuss the diagnosis of migraines and compare the prevalence of hospitalizations among children . Results: Between 2014 and 2020, the age group with the highest rate of hospitalization for migraine and other cephalic pain syndromes was 10-14 years, with an average of 57,13%, followed by 5-9 years (32,75%), 1-4 years (8,95%) and below 1 year (1,57%). Conclusion: Migraine has a semiological aspect that makes it difficult to identify in the pediatric group: symptoms. How diagnosis depends on a subjective report, children, especially the younger ones, become underdiagnosed. This can justify the higher incidence of hospitalizations among older children, with greater communication skills and a better description. Another factor is the absence of skilled professionals. Adaptation is necessary to assist in diagnosis, such as: associated clinical manifestations; Note; use of semi-structured interrogation and playful scales to spread the pain.
Effects of multiple sclerosis in pregnant and post-birth: particularities of the disease activity
Authors: Araldi Bianca Barbosa , Gomes Victor Hugo , Vieira Bruno Ludvig , Rodrigues Klesia Adayani , Silva Andressa Gabrieli da , Scolari Leticia , Santana Gabriela Vasconcellos , Marafiga Jessica , Carvalho Maria Paula , Siqueira Heloise Helena
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Demyelinating diseases are a heterogeneous group of neurological diseases related to autoimmunity whose representative is Multiple Sclerosis (MS). It is characterized by an immune-mediated demyelination of the central nervous system, with a typical outbreak and remission clinic. During pregnancy, a reduction in disease activity was noted due to immunomodulatory effects, and an increase in outbreaks in the puerperium. Thus, our goal is to demonstrate the relationship between pregnancy and MS. Methods: This is a systematic bibliographic review based on searching the SCIELO, PUBMED and UPTODATE databases using the words “Multiple Sclerosis”, “Pregnancy”, “Demyelinating diseases” and “Neurological Disorders”. Discussion: Pregnancy is responsible for numerous changes in the maternal body resulting from hormonal changes with an immunological and neuroprotective effect. Until the beginning of the 20th century, it was considered a risk factor or precipitator of outbreaks in these patients. In 1950, Tillmann et al. questioned him and concluded that pregnancy reduces the risk of outbreaks of the disease and that relapses were more associated with postpartum. The question is still raised by several authors, due to their interest in the search for intricate protective factors in the genesis and cure of the disease. It is believed that immunological changes in pregnancy tend to suppress the maternal immune system preventing fetal rejection, and together with gestational hormones, they are able to make neuronal tissue more resistant to inflammatory aggression and greater capacity for cell repair. In the puerperium, there was an increase in outbreaks of the disease, probably associated with a reduction in hormone levels, the effects of which are lost after the elimination of the fetus. Breastfeeding is not associated with the prevention or risk of new MS outbreaks. The frequency of outbreaks before conception is the only independent predictor of new post-term episodes. There is no consensus regarding the therapeutic approach in these pregnant women. Conclusion: Evidence supports the association between pregnancy, reduced activity of MS and increased activity in the 3 months postpartum, due to the probable loss of neuroprotective effects associated with hormones. Recommendations regarding the use of immunomodulator are suspended before conception (“washout”) until term. New evidence did not associate the use of interferon-β with abortion, cesarean section or low birth weight. There was a benefit of long-term parity with a cumulative effect on the patient’s immunohumor modulation.
Effectiveness of Music Therapy for the Treatment of Movement Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Londero Emily Calmon , Cerón Ana Beatriz Cazé
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Body movement is synchronized by external rhythmic stimuli in conjunction with physiological control, based on an internal timing process. In this perspective, music therapy can be a potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of individuals with movement disorders as it bypasses an internal rhythm motor deficit. Objective: To evaluate the benefit of music therapy in the treatment of movement disorders in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: This study is a literary review, which used the PubMed platform, in April 2021, with the formula: (MOVEMENT DISORDERS) AND (MUSIC THERAPY). As search criteria, articles were selected from meta-analyzes, reviews and randomized clinical trials, published in the last 10 years, in English and studies carried out in humans. Results: 21 articles were found, 6 articles were selected according to the eligibility criteria. Most studies show an improvement in movement disorders when rhythmic musical stimuli are associated with motor interventions, such as the use of treadmills. A randomized clinical trial with 50 patients with idiopathic PD was divided into two groups, one with a treadmill and with rhythmic auditory stimuli and another with a treadmill and without auditory stimuli. Among the outcomes analyzed, the improvement in movement speed was the most beneficial aspect, with an improvement in quality of life and cognitive functions. Conclusion: It is evident that the use of music therapy in the treatment of movement disorders in patients with PD improves motor symptoms. However, the studies have a small sample size and differ in terms of the method of music therapy, the period of intervention and the scales used to assess improvement. Therefore, it is important that randomized, multicenter clinical trials with a larger sample size are carried out to prove the benefits of music therapy in a patient with Parkinson’s disease.
National scenario of procedures for intracranial tumor exerisis
Authors: Hernandes Júnior Paulo Roberto , Rosa Juliana de Souza , Lopes Patrick de Abreu Cunha , Silva Bárbara Tisse da , Silva Heloá Santos Faria da , Gomes Tiago Veiga , Luz Pedro Miguel Calife da , Feitosa Jhoney Francieis
Published: December 2021

Background: Intracranial tumors have an incidence that varies between 10 to 17 cases per 100 thousand people. Objectives: To analyze the panorama of craniotomy treatment procedures for removal of intracranial tumors in the State of São Paulo and correlate it with the current epidemiology. Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional collection of craniotomy treatment for removal of intracranial tumors, available at DATASUS website, from January 2008 up to December 2020 - evaluating the number of hospitalizations, public spending, complexity, mortality rate, deaths, permanence and character of care. Results: 9,569 hospitalizations were observed for such procedures in this period, representing a total expenditure of R$ 39,104,400.74. 2013 was the year with the highest number of hospitalizations (880), it was also the year with the greatest expenditure (R$ 3,729,954.75). 3,204 of them were elective and 6,365 were urgent, with 4,550 occurring in the public sector and 1,519 in private one. All 9,569 considered to be of high complexity. The mortality rate was 9.31, corresponding to 891 deaths, 2008 was the year with the highest mortality, 11.64 and 2018 the lowest, 6.29. Mortality rate was lower in elective procedures (6.27 versus 10.84 in urgent ones) and when carried out in public sector (9.27 versus 9.61 in private care). The hospital stay was 17.0 days, with a cost of R$ 4,086.57. Conclusion: The excision of intracranial tumors represents a procedure of high complexity with a long period of hospital stay. Higher mortality was observed in emergency care and the private sector.
Conservative treatment of cerebral hemorrhage: an analysis of the State of São Paulo
Authors: Hernandes Júnior Paulo Roberto , Rosa Juliana de Souza , Lopes Patrick de Abreu Cunha , Silva Bárbara Tisse da , Silva Heloá Santos Faria da , Gomes Tiago Veiga , Luz Pedro Miguel Calife da , Feitosa Jhoney Francieis
Published: December 2021

Background: Cerebral hemorrhage represents 10% to 15% of all strokes, with the worst prognosis and the highest rate of morbimortality. Objectives: To analyze the panorama of conservative treatment procedures for cerebral hemorrhage in the State of São Paulo and correlate it with the current epidemiology. Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional collection of conservative treatment data for cerebral hemorrhage, available at DATASUS website, from January 2008 up to December 2020 - evaluating the number of hospitalizations, public spending, complexity, mortality rate, deaths, permanence and character of care. Results: 15,327 hospitalizations were observed for such procedures in this period, representing a total expenditure of R$ 30,258,539.39. 2008 was the year with the highest number of hospitalizations (1,373), and 2020 was the year with the greatest expenditure (R$ 3,008,526.38). 552 of the were elective and 14,606 were urgent, with 4,102 occurring in the public sector and 4,510 in private one. All 15,327 considered to be of medium complexity. The mortality rate was 29.68, corresponding to 4,549 deaths, 2009 was the year with the highest mortality, 33.33 and 2008 the lowest, 24.33. Mortality rate was lower in elective procedures (15.40 versus 30.48 in urgent ones) and when carried out in public sector (27.16 versus 30.07 in private care). The hospital stay was 11.0 days, with a cost of R$ 1,974.20. Conclusion: The conservative treatment of cerebral hemorrhage represents a procedure of medium complexity with a long period of hospital stay. Higher mortality was observed in emergency care and the private sector.
Treatment procedures for uncontrolled epileptic seizures in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: an overview
Authors: Hernandes Júnior Paulo Roberto , Brandão Bruno Carvalho , Rosa Juliana de Souza , Silva Heloá Santos Faria da , Lopes Patrick de Abreu Cunha , Gomes Tiago Veiga , Feitosa Jhoney Francieis , Côrtes Paula Pitta de Resende
Published: December 2021

Background: epileptic seizures are treated with antiepileptics; nevertheless, about 30% of these patients do not present complete control with only drug therapy. Objectives: to describe the overview of treatment procedures for uncontrolled epileptic seizures in the state of São Paulo, correlating it with current epidemiology. Methods: observational, descriptive, and transversal data collect on treatment procedures for uncontrolled epileptic seizures, available on DATASUS website, from January 2008 up to December 2020, taking in account: number of hospitalizations, public health expenditures, complexity, mortality rate, deaths, hospital stay, and service character. Results: there were 131,397 hospitalizations for treatment procedures in this period, accounting for R$97,412,992.73, with 2008 the year with the greatest number of hospitalizations (12,041) and 2020 with the greatest expenditure (R$10,065,826.67). 7,091 of them were elective, while 124,290 were urgent. 45,307 were carried out in public care and 38,154 in private one. All of them were considered medium complexity. Mortality rate was 2.76%, corresponding to 3,621 deaths, with 2020 the year with the greatest mortality (3.67%) and 2008 with the lowest (2.21%). Mortality rate was lower in elective procedures (0.83 versus 2.87 in urgent ones) and when carried out in public sector (2.40 versus 2.55 in private care). Average stay was 5.4 days and average cost per hospital stay was R$741.36. Conclusion: treatment procedures for uncontrolled epileptic seizures are classified as medium complexity, most of which being urgent. Higher mortality rate was observed in urgent cases and private health care.
Epidemiological profile of home deaths due to stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cardoso Gyovanna Rodrigues , Camargo Gabriel David , Dias Nikolas Lisboa Coda , Fernandes Priscila Anice , Oliveira Stefan Vilges de
Published: December 2021

Background: Stroke is one of the main causes of death, disability and hospitalization. Although more prevalent in adults and the elderly, it has increased in young people for stress, poor diet, excessive alcohol and sedentary lifestyle. This study is justified because the restrictions in the pandemic, such as social isolation, reduced access to health services, have changed people’s behavior in relation to health care. This can cause the delay in medical care, leading to negative outcomes. Objectives: Analysis of home deaths for stroke, in Brazil, in the pandemic by age intervals. Design and Setting: Cross-sectional study in Federal University of Uberlândia. Methods: Study of home deaths from stroke, based on the Portal de Transparência do Registro Civil (ARPEN). Analyzing a previous context and during the pandemic, the percentage variations by age group between 2019 and 2020 were compared. Results: In 2020, 15,777 home deaths were recorded, while 2019 there were 12,349, representing an increase of 27.76%. In 2020, all age groups analyzed, there were increases in relation to 2019, the most expressive were: 0-9 years (76%), 10-19 (32.14%), 60-69 (28.12%), 70-79 (36.35%) and 80-89 (29.97%). Conclusions: Medical support in the first hours of symptoms is essential. The delay in care can delay the diagnosis, make the use of medications unfeasible, due to the door-to-needle times, as well as increasing home deaths. Thus, it is important to guide the population in the identification of signs and symptoms, to knowledge about the need for immediate hospital care, even in the pandemic.
Sign of the unilateral “Coca-Cola Bottle”: in addition to thyroid disease
Authors: Fonseca Igor Oliveira da , Trivellato Stella de Angelis , Januzzi Mayara Apolinario , Anastacio Guilherme Drumond Jardini , Teixeira Igor de Lima e
Published: December 2021

Background: The “Coca-Cola Bottle Sign” is a classic sign of thyroid diseases, especially Graves’ disease, with the appearance of eye orbit muscles edema seen by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The belly of the muscle increases in thickness, giving the characteristic appearance. Despite being classically associated with this etiology, the finding may be present in other diseases, especially infiltrative ones. Objectives: To demonstrate how this radiological signal can suggest other etiologies, when atypical. Methods: Case report of a patient with an image finding suggestive of “CocaCola Bottle Sign”. Results: Patient, 71 years old, with Breast Cancer and Hepatic Metastasis, using Anastrazole. Osmophobia started and after 3 months, reduced visual acuity in the right eye, evolving in 20 days to amaurosis in the right eye, dizzying, and loss of visual acuity in the left eye. Upon examination, he had a missing direct pupillary reflex in the right eye and only light perception, and counting fingers in the left eye; paresis of the Superior Rectus, Medial, and Lower Oblique muscles of the Left Eye, with paresis maintained in the forced duction test. On ophthalmoscopy, he had atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium in the bilateral periphery, without Papilledema. Metabolic screening did not show any relevant changes. In the Magnetic Resonance of Orbits, an intraconal nodular image was seen in the right orbital cavity, with perineuritis and extension to the belly of the lateral rectus muscle on this side, as the “Coca-Cola Bottle Sign”. Due to unilateral muscle involvement and signs of meningeal involvement, lumbar puncture with cytopathological examination was requested, being positive for Carcinoma Metastasis. Conclusions: The “Coca-Cola Bottle sign” is a classic sign of Graves’ disease, however, some signs, such as, unilateral and single orbital musculature involvement, may be suggestive of involvement by other etiologies, suggesting the benefit of an early expanded investigation.
Preface of INda
Authors: Sönmez Elif
Published: December 2021

When starting the second issue,

 

We are pleased to share with you the second issue of the "Journal of Interior Design and Academy" (INda) which has started to be published on May 19, 2021 within the scope of Octagon Academy. INda as a magazine which started to be published despite all the negativities caused by the pandemic during the Covid-19 epidemic, continued its academic contributions with the "Online Chats with INda Series" after the first issue. Under the moderation of Assoc. Dr. Osman ARAYICI who is one of the field editors of our magazine, 8 different online chats were broadcast live on an international and national scale with experts in their fields during October and November. INda as a magazine with the aim of making versatile contributions to our country, universities, the field of interior architecture and related disciplines and professionals working in this field through the production and sharing of scientific knowledge, would like to thank you for the interest and support it has received in these studies in its first year.

 

Obviously, there are many feelings to tell about INda, but now in the second issue, 5 articles presented by 9 authors are listed below.

BEKAR and DERECİ examine the subject of refunctioning in traditional civil architecture examples in their article titled “Evaluation of The Appropriateness of Space for The New Function in Traditional Housings: The Case of Mehmet Efendi House”. In particular, Mehmet Efendi Mansion evaluates the old space-new function suitability under two headings as "functional spatial suitability" and "environmentally functional suitability".

ÇELENK and SÜRDEM's article titled “Continuity of Cultural Memory: From Samsun Tekel Tobacco Factory to Bafra Tobacco Museum” examines the re-functionalization process. The formal and semantic analyzes of the two structures are presented by making comparisons.

ERBAY, in the article titled "Balcony as An Architectural Item", makes an inference over the semantic values ​​that “Balcony” covered during the pandemic process that started with the Covid-19 outbreak.

ERBAY and ULUSOY examine the “sense” as a term in interior space in their article titled “Senses in The Interiors: An Example of Entrance Spaces at Hospitals”. In the article, the general design principles have been tried to be reached through the given example, and the design tools that can appeal to the senses in the interior are revealed.

ATMACA and REYHAN discuss the Cultural Road Project within the scope of adaptive reuse in their article titled “Adaptive Reuse in Restored Historic Buildings: A Field Study in Ünye”. While examining the historical development and architectural features of the selected sample structures, the evaluation of restoration and all perspectives of adaptive reuse that completes this evaluation contributes to the literature.

 

We would like to thank all authors for their contributions to academic production in our field and all our readers for their support. As INda, we welcome all your comments, contributions and suggestions about us.

 

Enjoy our December 2021 issue…

Happy New Year…
Geleneksel Konutlarda Eski Mekân-Yeni İşlev Uygunluğunun Değerlendirilmesi: Mehmet Efendi Konağı Örneği
Authors: BEKAR İrem , DERECİ Şeyma
Published: December 2021

Bulundukları dönemin izlerini taşıyan geleneksel konutlar, var oldukları toplumun kültürel özlerini yansıtan sivil mimari örnekleridir. Fakat toplumun sosyo-kültürel ve sosyo-ekonomik değerlerinin değişime uğraması, kültürel kimlik ve yaşam koşullarını da değiştirmiş; bireylerin konutlardan beklentilerini farklılaştırmış ve mevcut konutlar yeni gereksinimleri karşılayamaz duruma gelmiştir. Bu yapıların pasif bir koruma anlayışı ile yok olması yerine, yeniden işlev verilerek sürdürülebilirliği sağlanabilmektedir. Yeni işlevin uygunluğunun belirlenmesinde ise yapının çevre ve mekânla olan ilişkisi önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında yeniden işlevlendirme; eski mekân-yeni işlevin uygunluğuna bağlı olarak Mehmet Efendi Konağı özelinde “mekânsal açıdan işlevsel uygunluk” ve “çevresel açıdan işlevsel uygunluk” olarak iki başlıkta değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda yapı, mekânsal ve çevresel açıdan belirlenen kriterler doğrultusunda eski mekân ve yeni işlev ilişkisi bakımdan uygun bulunmuştur.