bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of the Methodology for Measuring Transport Services Efficiency Indicators in Uzbekistan
Authors:   Vice-Rector of Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service, Samarkand, Uzbekistan., Kulmamat* Prof. Mirzaev , Ikrom Ph.D. Nasimov ,   Head of the Department of Economic Theory in Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service, Uzbekistan,, Zafar Rahimov ,   Teaching assistant of Department of Industrial Economics in Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service, Uzbekistan,
Published: March 2020

Transport as a key factor Transport as a key factor that directly influences the rapid development of any social system is in turn directly linked to the quantitative and qualitative changes of other types of productive forces. The transport service is not only important in the solution of economic tasks, it also helps to develop the road network, bring the village closer to the city, facilitate the permanent work of local personnel and rational use of labor resources. It is worth noting that transport services are also crucial in areas such as enhancing state defense capabilities, strengthening its combat capacity and prompt delivery of relevant content to its intended destination. The research paper is a contribution to the science-based system of economic indicators that create the conditions for increasing the efficiency of transport services and that will be useful for controlling the targeted use of available resources. There are given recommendations on increasing the number of consumers of transport infrastructure, establishing privileges or preferential tariffs for socially vulnerable segments of the population and identifying sources for covering these costs. Furthermore, the results of the study create the basis for the formation of specific theoretical and methodological foundations aimed at the development of transport services in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Postgraduate Students‟ Perceptions toward StudentCentered Learning (SCL): A Study of Afghan Postgraduate Students at TESL- University Technology Malaysia
Authors:   Pursuing, Master‟s Degree in TESL, University Technology Malaysia., Atifnigar Hamza , Alokozay Wahidullah ,   Pursuing, Master‟s Degree in Education (TESL), University Technology Malaysia., Zaheer Zia ur Rahman ,   Senior Student of Master of Education (TESL), Technology Malaysia.
Published: March 2020

Afghanistan formal education has long been dominated by the traditional teaching method whereas students are likely to be passive. Therefore, this study aims to explore Afghan Post-graduate student’s perception toward StudentCentered Learning (SCL) approach in terms of the perceived benefits, satisfaction, and the challenges they confronting in their studies. The study was conducted among 38 Afghan students from University Technology Malaysia (UTM). Questionnaire and a semi-structure interview tools have been used to collect data from students. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The findings of the study indicated that students are very satisfied from SCL approach, at the same time is beneficial for their field of studies but at the l they were facing with problems at the beginning of their studies but after a short while they were adapted with the system. It is recommended that future studies should expand to cover all the students who are studying in Malaysia Universities.
Design of Savonius-Darrieus a Hybrid Wind Turbine
Authors:   Department of Engineering Physics, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia, Hidayanti* Fitria , Wati Erna Kusuma ,   Department of Engineering Physics, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia., Yohanes  ,   Department of Engineering Physics, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia., Untoro Pudji ,   Department of Engineering Physics, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Published: March 2020

Savonius wind turbine design use type two blades with a diameter of 15.5 cm, a height of 10.9 cm and turbine weight of 51.3 g. The Darrieus wind turbine design uses type three blades with dimensions 21.8 cm x 8.7 cm x 2.3 cm. The weight of each blade is 51.3 g with the angle between the blades being 120⁰. The voltage of 2.5 V produced a minimum turbine rotation speed of 284.2 rpm and a maximum of 296.0 rpm. When the voltage was increased to 5.0 V, the minimum speed is 342.8 rpm and a maximum speed of 366.4 rpm. When given a voltage of 7.5 V, a minimum speed of 461.7 rpm and a maximum of 481.3 rpm were produced.
PERANAN PERILAKU SOSIAL PT. ARMADA MIX BANJARBARU SEBAGAI BENTUK PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN SEKITARNYA
Authors: Yudi rahman
Published: March 2020

Abstrak

 

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peranan perilaku Sosial pada PT. Armada Mix Banjarbaru sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban sosial perusahaan terhadap lingkungan sekitar perusahaan  yang dijalankan dan dilakukan perusahaan selama ini sehingga dapat memberikan masukan mengenai esensial konsep akuntansi pertanggungjawaban sosial yang seharusnya dilakukan sesuai dengan teori yang dilakukan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskripsi yaitu menggambarkan mengenai bagaimana perlakuan terhadap perilaku yang dilakukan perusahaan yang terkonsep dalam pertanggungjawaban sosial yang dilakukan secara Pengukuran dan Pelaporan Akuntansi Pertanggungjawaban Sosial. Dalam melakukan penelitian ini, penulis  menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.

Dari penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan, penulis memperoleh hasil penelitian bahwa apa yang dilakukan perusahaan PT. Armada Mix Banjarbaru telah melakukan beberapa aktivitas- aktivitas berupa kontribusi perusahaan kepada masyarakat, kontribusi perusahaan terhadap lingkungan hidup dan kontribusi perusahaan terhadap sumber daya manusia. serta kontribusi perusahaan terhadap produk dan jasa. Dan tentunya perusahaan juga dapat melakukan Pengukuran dan Pelaporan Akuntansi Pertanggungjawaban Sosial yang terkonsep melalui Pendekatan Deskriptif, Pendekatan biaya yang dikeluarkan dan Pendekatan biaya manfaat sehingga dengan penerapan yang dilakukan akan membawa perubahan untuk perusahaan berupa konsep akuntansi pertanggungjawaban yang baik.

 

Kata Kunci :Peranan Perilaku social, pertanggungjawaban social dan lingkungan Sekitar
COMPARISON OF HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES BETWEEN HEAT-INACTIVATED BRUCELLA ABORTUS BIOVAR 3 AND STRAIN RB51 VACCINES IN INDIGENOUS CATTLE OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Maruf A. A. , Yasmin F. , Yeasmin F. , Rahman A K M Anisur , Hossain M. M. , Neubauer H. , Rahman M. S.
Published: March 2020

Background: Live attenuated Brucella abortus strains 19 and RB51 vaccines have been used as a key method for the control and eradication of brucellosis in cattle worldwide for decades. Due to certain limitations of these live vaccines, research has been undertaken for the development of an ideal more effective and safer vaccine for animals and human brucellosis. Objective: The main objective of this study was to compare the humoral immune responses (HIR) between the heat-inactivated Brucella abortus biovar 3 and attenuated live RB51 vaccines in native cattle of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: The methods of isolation, identification, preparation of inoculum dose (10 × 1010 cfu/5 ml) and heat inactivation of B. abortus biovar 3 was followed as described earlier. Each of the three B. abortus sero-negative native cows was inoculated with heat-inactivated B. abortus vaccine @ 5.0 ml (10 × 1010 cfu /5 ml)/ cow SC single injection. Similarly, each of five native calves of 6 to 9 months old was inoculated with live attenuated RB51 vaccine (CZ Veterinaria, SA, Spain) @ 2.0 ml (10-34×109) SC as single dose. The sera of cows were collected at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 40, 60 and 90 days post vaccination, whereas the sera of the calves were collected at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days post-vaccination. All the collected sera of both the groups were tested to evaluate antibody titer by RBT followed by ELISA with commercial tests kits. Results: The HIR of the cows inoculated with heat-inactivated vaccine showed antibody (Ab) titer started to rise significantly (p < 0.05) from the 14 days (OD 0.2116 ± 0.0397, Ab titer 1:120) and reached a peak level at 28 days (OD 0.319 ± 0.172, Ab titer 1:800) and then started to decline significantly (p < 0.05) from 40 days (OD 0.234 ± 0.0415, Ab titer 1:35) to 60 days (OD 0.094 ± 0.0075, Ab titer 0). The mean Ab titer in calves inoculated with RB51 vaccine showed that Ab titer started to appears insignificantly (p ˃ 0.05) from day 7 (OD 0.094 ± 0.01603) and reached peak level at day 60 days (OD 0.592 ± 0.398), changes are very significant from day 0 (p < 0.05), after 60 days Ab level start to decrease and reach at lowest level at day 150 (OD 0.112 ± 0.0188), Ab level found similar to day 0 (OD 0.0826 ± 0.00517) at 180 days (OD 0.0822 ± 0.00249). Conclusions: The S19 and RB51 are the approved B. abortus vaccine strains have been widely and successfully used with some limitations to prevent bovine brucellosis worldwide. In addition to live attenuated and inactivated vaccines, recombinant genes, proteins, vectors, DNA and recombinant mutant vaccines have also been evaluated for the prevention of brucellosis but further research would be required to develop an ideal vaccine for both the humans and animals.
EVALUATION OF PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCES OF BLACK BENGAL GOATS IN RAJSHAHI GOVERNMENT GOAT DEVELOPMENT FARM IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Moni M. I. Z. , Samad M. A.
Published: March 2020

Background: The Black Bengal goat (BBG) is well adapted food animals with profitable productive and reproductive traits being naturally reared to enhance economic status and food security in rural people. Bangladesh government has taken program through establishment of ‘Government Goat Development Farms’ (GGDF) to enhance the goat rearing activities of the smallholders at rural level but the research reports on the productive and reproductive performances of goats in these GGDF are very limited. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the productive and reproductive performances of the BBG reared in semi-intensive system at the Rajshahi GGDF Materials and Methods: The Rajshahi GGDF had 398 goat populations of which 121 does were selected to study the productive and reproductive performances during the period from July 2010 to June 2011. The age of first estrus, conception rate by natural service, gestation length, post-partum heat, kidding interval, litter size, survivability of kids, morbidity and mortality of kids and their seasonal influence were studied. Results: The age of young female BBG showed 1st estrus varied from 180 to 270 with an average of 204  27 days. The conception rate varied from 88 to 100 with an average of 97% with natural services. The gestation length varied from 145 to 182 with an average of 150  5 days. The post-partum heat period varied from 60 to 90 days with an average of 69  7 days. The kidding interval varied from 199 to 268 with an average of 219  13 days. The litter size varied from 1 to 3 with an average of 2. Out of 234 kids borne, 47.44% were male and 52.56% female with higher mortality in male (10.81%) than female (5.69%) with an overall average mortality of 8.12%. There was no significant influence of season and parity on the birth weight of kids. However, the heavier birth weight of kids was recorded in male (1.38 kg) than female (1.17kg) kids. The birth of twin kids (56.41%) was found significantly (p < 0.0001) highest in comparison to triplets (26.92%), single (11.54%) and quadruplet (5.13%). Conclusions: The results support promising breeding and reproductive efficiency of BBG under local environmental conditions and therefore, there is a need to be improved milk yield of dam and control of morbidity and mortality in BBG kids. It may be concluded that the productive and reproductive performances of the BBG reared by using semi-intensive system of management appears to be encouraging at the Rajshahi GGDF which could be extended and compared to research findings with other four GGDF in Bangladesh.
A Review on Outcomes of Distal Radius Fracture Treated With Different Modes of Treatment and Rehabilitation
Authors: Aziz Asad
Published: March 2020

Fractures around wrist joint are common complication happening after fall on an outstretched hand. It is more common in female, and mostly in age above 55 years. Different methods of treatment has been established such as surgical and conservative management, each mode of treatment has its own complication such as, pain, stiffness, swelling, deformity, infection. Non operative treatment include splinting or casting with or without reduction, operative treatment includes percutaneous k-wiring, external fixator for complex fracture or fracture with open wound, open fixation with volar or dorsal plate. Still there is controversy that what method is better in getting the good functional outcome, minimizing the duration of cast immobilization, early fixation, and early start of rehabilitation. All of them play part in better functional outcome. In the past manipulation and fixation without opening the fracture site has been the choice of treatment, comparatively in recent advances fixation with plate through anterior approach is a preferred option because it has less complication rate, plays better role in early range of movement. The information was retrieved from reliable search engines e.g. PubMed, Medline, Google scholar and others, through original research papers and reviews from2003 to 2019. Purpose of this study is to know which method of management has better outcome and its role in early rehabilitation.
Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome: Detrimental Periodontal Condition in the Affected Individuals
Authors: Hanif Ayesha
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to highlight the detrimental periodontal condition in patients with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) and the pivotal role of a Periodontist in the diagnosis of the condition. PLS is also known as palmo-plantar keratosis (PPK) with an unusual periodontal status. Uncontrolled early-onset periodontitis, which affects both primary and permanent dentitions alike, is a hallmark of the syndrome. PLS patients’ exhibit defected neutrophil chemotactic function due to substandard activity of Cathepsin C (CTSC) gene. The result is the failure of elimination of periodontal pathogens that leads to severe periodontal destruction. We reported a case of an 11 years old Pakistani girl affected with PLS whose parents are consanguineously married. Since PLS is a rare autosomal recessive disorder and multiple consanguinity in a family, increases the risk of the occurrence of the syndrome in the off springs, the case report also highlights the importance of pre-marital genetic mapping and conception counseling for the families.
Identification of Precompetitive Anxiety among Professional Footballers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pakistan’s Context
Authors: Kamran Rija
Published: March 2020

Background: Precompetitive anxiety refers to an indistinct but unrelenting feeling of uneasiness and dread in hours prior to the competition. Precompetitive anxiety has been shown to affect an athlete at various levels including match performance, sporting injuries, rehabilitation of sports injuries, return to activity and risk or re-injury. It has become a common practice to differentiate between the two common forms of anxiety. Therefore, the purpose of current study was to assess precompetitive anxiety in footballers of Pakistan.

Methods: A descriptive cross section survey was conducted on 58 male footballers aged between 18-26 years. The data was collected from Pakistan football federation club and Fame football club. Total 34 footballers were assessed at the Pakistan football federation club and 24 at the Fame football club. The sampling strategy utilized was non-probability convenience sampling. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months from July 2018 to January 2019. Competitive state anxiety inventory was used to assess precompetitive anxiety 1 hour preceding the competition. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21and results were presented in the form of frequency and percentages.

Results: Out of 58 participating footballers, 44.8% (n=26) reported moderate levels of somatic state anxiety, 72.4% (n=42) reported moderate levels of cognitive state anxiety and 48.3% (n=28) reported moderate levels of self-confidence.

Conclusion: The study concluded that moderate to low levels of somatic state anxiety, moderate levels of cognitive state anxiety and moderate to high levels of self-confidence were present in majority of participating footballers.
QUANTUM-CHEMICAL STUDY OF THE REACTION MECHANISM 1,2-ETHANEDIIOL WITH 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE
Authors: Chirkina Elena , Krivdin Leonid , Korchevin Nikolay
Published: March 2020

The theoretical mechanism of the interaction of 1,3-dichloropropene with 1,2-

ethanedithiol in the system "hydrazine hydrate-KOH" has been proposed by the method of B3LYP / 6-

311 ++ G (d, p) in the framework of the theory of the electron-density functional according to which the

reaction proceeds successively in several stages, including the nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine

atom present in the sp3-hybridized carbon atom with a sulfur atom to form a mono-substitution product

that undergoes a prototropic allylic rearrangement that migrates the double bond to the sulfur atom,

followed by closure in the dithiolane cycle due to the nucleophilic attack of the sulfide anion of the

second thiol group of the reagent per carbon atom located in the γ-position with respect to the second

chlorine atom.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE SIZE OF THE TANK FOR STORAGE OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Authors: Scherbin Sergey , Gordeev Konstantin
Published: March 2020

The method of optimizing the size of tanks for reducing the metal capacity.
OPTIMIZATION OF FINNED TUBES IN AIR COOLERS
Authors: Scherbin Sergey , Nikitina Irina
Published: March 2020

A method for optimizing the finning of the outer surface of tubes in air coolers.
Well-Graded Families and the Union-Closed Sets Conjecture
Authors: Matayoshi Jeffrey
Published: March 2020

The union-closed sets conjecture states that if a finite family of sets $\mathcal{F}$ is union-closed, then there must be some element contained in at least half of the sets of $\mathcal{F}$.  In this work we study the relationship between the union-closed sets conjecture and union-closed families that have the property of being well-graded.  In doing so, we show how the density and other properties are affected by the extra structure contained in well-graded families, and we also give several conditions under which well-graded families satisfy the union-closed sets conjecture.
Queens in Exile: Non-attacking Queens on Infinite Chess Boards
Authors: Dekking F. Michel , Shallit Jeffrey , Sloane N. J. A.
Published: March 2020

Number the cells of a (possibly infinite) chessboard in some way with the numbers $0, 1, 2, \ldots$. Consider the cells in order, placing a queen in a cell if and only if it would not attack any earlier queen. The problem is to determine the positions of the queens. We study the problem for a doubly-infinite chessboard of size $\mathbb{Z} \times \mathbb{Z}$ numbered along a square spiral, and an infinite single-quadrant chessboard (of size $\mathbb{N} \times \mathbb{N}$) numbered along antidiagonals. We give a fairly complete solution in the first case, based on the Tribonacci word. There are connections with combinatorial games.
Hajós and Ore Constructions for Digraphs
Authors: Bang-Jensen Jørgen , Bellitto Thomas , Schweser Thomas , Stiebitz Michael
Published: March 2020

The dichromatic number $\overrightarrow{\chi}(D)$ of a digraph $D$ is the minimum number of colors needed to color the vertices of $D$ such that each color class induces an acyclic subdigraph of $D$. A digraph $D$ is $k$-critical if $\overrightarrow{\chi}(D) = k$ but $\overrightarrow{\chi}(D') < k$ for all proper subdigraphs $D'$ of $D$. We examine methods for creating infinite families of critical digraphs, the Dirac join and the directed and bidirected Hajós join. We prove that a digraph $D$ has dichromatic number at least $k$ if and only if it contains a subdigraph that can be obtained from bidirected complete graphs on $k$ vertices by directed Hajós joins and identifying non-adjacent vertices. Building upon that, we show that a digraph $D$ has dichromatic number at least $k$ if and only if it can be constructed from bidirected $K_k$'s by using directed and bidirected Hajós joins and identifying non-adjacent vertices (so called Ore joins), thereby transferring a well-known result of Urquhart to digraphs. Finally, we prove a Gallai-type theorem that characterizes the structure of the low vertex subdigraph of a critical digraph, that is, the subdigraph, which is induced by the vertices that have in-degree $k-1$ and out-degree $k-1$ in $D$.
Extremal Square-Free Words
Authors: Grytczuk Jarosław , Kordulewski Hubert , Niewiadomski Artur
Published: March 2020

A word is square-free if it does not contain nonempty factors of the form $XX$. In 1906 Thue proved that there exist arbitrarily long square-free words over a $3$-letter alphabet. We consider a new type of square-free words with additional property. A square-free word is called extremal if it cannot be extended to a new square-free word by inserting a single letter at any position. We prove that there exist infinitely many square-free extremal words over a $3$-letter alphabet. Some parts of our construction relies on computer verifications. It is not known if there exist any extremal square-free words over a $4$-letter alphabet.
Report on the JASAL 10th Anniversary Conference, 2015
Authors: Tweed Andrew D.
Published: March 2020

The JASAL (Japanese Association of Self-Access Learning) 10th Anniversary Conference was held on December 12th, 2015 at Kanda Institute of Foreign Languages (KIFL) in Tokyo. JASAL was established in 2005 by Garold Murray and Lucy Cooker to promote self-access learning in Japan. 2015 marked the first year that the event was held as a stand-alone conference; from 2006-2014 the JASAL Forum took place at the JALT (Japanese Association for Language Teaching) annual national conferences. More than 50 participants attended the 2015 JASAL conference, which began with a guided tour of KIFL’s self-access facilities. The conference featured 12 presentations on a variety of topics related to self-access learning. In this conference summary, the presentations are grouped into four sections: integrating self-access and curriculum; learning spaces; activities and events; and focus on individuals. At the end of the article, the author considers future directions for the JASAL Conference.
Autonomous Language Learning In Self-Access Spaces: Moodle in Action
Authors: Dofs Kerstin , Hobbs Moira
Published: March 2020

Over the past few decades language educators have experienced an enormous growth in the use of digital technology, both for themselves and for their students. Along with the internationalisation and stronger business focus of education that most of us have been experiencing, many institutions around the world are now undergoing a push towards new methods of teaching and learning, which involve less face-to-face contact and more online instruction and learning. This paper takes the reader through reflections on the development of an online resource for students, of which one of the aims was to foster learner autonomy. Knowledge has been gleaned from the authors’ experiences of enhancing their expertise in the use of Moodle. The rationale behind the development, as well as the background to the final choice of resources and online tools for the autonomous learning components and learner engagement are explored. The writers also reflect on the effectiveness of the site and suggest improvements for future development of autonomous language learning (ALL) Moodle sites.
¿Qué determina la realización de la prueba de VIH en la población panameña sexualmente activa entre los 15-59 años de edad? Hallazgos del análisis secundario de ENASSER 2009.
Authors: Jenkins Lorna
Published: March 2020

En Panamá sólo el 36.3% de los diagnósticos se hacen en la fase de VIH. Es necesario conocer los factores que se asocian a la realización de la prueba de VIH en personas con vida sexual activa en Panamá para diseñar estrategias para la detección temprana de las personas que viven con VIH. El presente estudio es un análisis secundario a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Sexual y Reproductiva 2009. Se analizaron las respuestas de 7,359 casos que reportaron tener vida sexual activa. Los análisis se realizaron con el programa de análisis estadístico Stata SE 13.0. El 13.8% de los hombres y 18.4% de las mujeres se realizaron la prueba de VIH en los doce meses previos a la encuesta. Uno de cada diez lo hizo de manera voluntaria. Factores como pertenecer a un grupo indígena, o residir en un área comarcal se asoció de manera estadísticamente significativa a la no realización de la prueba tanto en hombres como en mujeres. Factores como el número de parejas sexuales en los últimos 12 meses, uso de condón y conocimientos comprehensivos de VIH no mostraron asociación estadísticamente significativa ni en hombres ni en mujeres. Consideramos urgente diseñar estrategias para au-mentar el flujo de las personas que asisten a los servicios de asesoría y tamizaje de VIH, especialmente en las áreas indígenas y a la población auto-identificada como indígena.

AbstractOnly 36.3% of HIV/AIDS diagnoses in Panama are made at an early stage. Thus, it is relevant to describe the factors that are associated with conducting HIV testing in sexually active individuals in Panama to design strategies for early detection of people living with HIV. This is a secondary analysis from the Sexual and Reproductive Health National Survey conducted in 2009. There were 7,359 cases identified to conduct further analysis, which were performed using the statistical analysis software Stata SE 13.0. Only 13.8% of men and 18.4% of women were tested for HIV in the twelve months preceding the survey. One in ten did it so voluntarily. Factors such as belonging to an indigenous group, or residing in an indigenous area are statistically associated to not performing the HIV test in men and women. Factors such as the number of sexual partners in the last 12 months, condom use and comprehensive knowledge of HIV are not statistically significant in either men or women. It is urgent to design strategies in order to increase the flow of people attending counseling services and HIV screening, especially in indigenous areas and in population self-identified as indigenous, as well as to increase knowledge and sexual risk behaviors associated to HIV.
La experiencia de la salud y seguridad ocupacional en el Canal de Panamá
Authors: Molino de Antoniadis María Ana
Published: March 2020

La Salud Ocupacional es un elemento importante de la Medicina Preventiva. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) la define como una actividad multidisciplinaria que promueve y protege la salud de los trabajadores y su capacidad de trabajo. Esta disciplina busca controlar los accidentes y las enfer-medades mediante la reducción de las condiciones de riesgo. Es de suma importancia para los gobier-nos, que deben garantizar a la población trabajadora que se cumpla con las normativas y políticas laborales y se garantice su seguridad.
SECONDARY EDEMATOUS BREAST CANCER: WHEN TO BE OPERATED ON BACKGROUND OF NEO-ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY?
Authors: Slobodianiuk Olga Vladimirovna
Published: March 2020

Current methods of diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer patients should be closely linked to the advances in molecular biology The ways of increasing the effectiveness of combined treatment of the patients with secondary−edema of breast cancer, namely the tactics of personalized treatment on the basis of evaluation of molecular−biological tumor markers and the data of magnetic resonance imaging have been presented in this paper. Here it has been emphasized that the proposed method of assessing the prevalence of the tumor process in the patients with secondary edematous breast cancer allowed the determination of the tumor size and edema, as well as to optimization of the treatment protocols. This research was performed in 54 patients aged of 37−75 years and these patients comprised the main group. All of them underwent the sessions of neoadjuvant polychemotherapy, surgical treatment, remote radiotherapy in the presence of affected lymph nodes in terms of sequential comprehensive treatment. The immediate results of the effectiveness of combined treatment were evaluated by one− and two−year overall and relapse−ree survival of the patients with secondary edematous breast cancer. The findings (follow−up period of 1−2 years) have indicated that the personalized treatment of patients with secondary−edema of breast cancer depending on the molecular−biological marker clusters with determination of the degree of aggressiveness and choice of treatment tactics is a highly effective method. Owing to the use of the personalized treatment, a complete or partial regression was achieved by more than by 30 % in 83.3 % of patients in the main group versus 50 % of the control, that jointly with the data on therapeutic pathomorphosis confirms the effectiveness of this method.

Key words: secondary edematous breast cancer, molecular biological markers, pathomorphosis.
TACTICS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR ISOLATED DUODENAL INJURY
Authors: Riabtsev Roman
Published: March 2020

Currently the diagnosis and surgical treatment of isolated duodenal injury is one of the most rare and, consequently, a complicated and completely unsolved problem in emergency surgery. In order to analyze the results of surgical treatment and to justify the optimal amount of intervention in the patients with isolated duodenal injury we have performed a study, wherein the cases of an open injury of the cut−stab character, the effects of a blow on the anterior abdominal wall have been considered. The admission time of patients generally made 6 hours. Examination radiography of abdominal organs with DeBakey − Henelt test, phagogastroduodenoscopy was performed. In cases of unexplained clinical picture the diagnostic video laparoscopy was urgently used. The factors, affecting an outcome of treating the isolated duodenal injury were as follows: the time of hospitalization of patients, size and localization of the bowel defect, timely diagnosis and choice of the surgery volume as well as the post−surgery complications. A thorough revision of a retroperitoneal space, being the one of the symptoms of the Winiwarter−Laffite triad, was accomplished. In injuries of the first and second degree, duration of an injury of no longer than 6 hours, it is necessary to close the defect of the duodenum by two−row sutures with a nasogastroduodenal intubation. At admission of the patients at later terms or with the injuries of the third degree it is expedient to exclude a passage of food on a gut by imposing a gastroenteroanastomosis with Brownian complicity and a decompression of bilious ways. On the basis of our findings the diagnostic and surgical algorithms, depending on admission time of patients to a hospital, size and localization of duodenum wall defect were designed.

Key words: duodenal injury, tactics of surgical treatment, results of surgical treatment.
Using Photo News materials in the EFL classroom
Authors: Schmidt Ken
Published: March 2020

The pictures and captions from Photo News (写真ニュース) displays, seen in many libraries and schools in Japan, can be a stimulating resource for communication in the language classroom. This article provides a number of ideas for their use, along with comments and variations. Activities include proposing alternate scenarios to explain a photo, drawing a scene based on a partner’s description while trying to figure out the story, finding photos based on captions written by classmates, proposing the wildest scenario still consistent with a scene, creating dialogs to match a scene, and speculating on why a photo was in the news.

写真ニュースの写真や説明文は、日本の多くの図書館や学校で見ることが可能であり、語学授業のコミュニケーションを活性化する補助教材にもなり得る。本論ではその使用法について多くのアイディアを、解説やバリエーションと共に提供する。写真を説明する別の説明文を作ったり、説明に基づいて話の筋を考えながら絵を描いたり、クラスメートの書いた説明文から写真を探したり、写真と矛盾しないとんでもない話を考えたり、写真に合う対話を作ったり、なぜその写真がニュースに出てくるのかを思索したりするアクティビティが提案されている。
Peer assessment for speeches as an aid to teacher grading
Authors: Okuda Rieko , Otsu Rika
Published: March 2020

In this study, we examined the level of agreement between teacher assessment and peer assessment during a speech presentation in an EFL context. A total of 88 students assessed speeches delivered by their peers. After four practice rounds of evaluating each other in small groups, a final assessment, including teacher assessment was conducted on speeches delivered to the whole class. Before each assessment, specifics on how to conduct the evaluations were explained by an instructor through visual demonstrations. A strong correlation (r = .82) was found between teacher marking and peer marking which indicates the viability of incorporating peer assessment into students’ final scores when proper guidance is provided. A questionnaire administered after the final speech revealed that most of the students had found peer assessment useful.

本研究では、学生によるスピーチについての教員評価（TA）とピア評価（PA）の一致の度合いを調べた。被験者88人は、小グループ内でスピーチとPAを４回実施した後、クラス全員の前でスピーチを行った。この最終スピーチではTAとPAを同時に実施した。評価基準については、教員が実演を交えて項目ごとに説明し、それをPA実施のたびに繰り返した。その結果、TAとPAの間には高い相関（r = .82）が得られ、最終評価へのPA組み入れが可能であることが示唆された。またPA実施後のアンケート調査の結果から、多くの学生がピア評価活動を「有益である」と評価しているのが分かった。
Critical self-reflection: A performative act 批判的自己内省 ―パフォーマティヴな実践―
Authors: Tajima Misako
Published: March 2020

Autobiographic and narrative research has recently grown in stature in the field of social sciences. Inspired by Asian TESOL researchers’ critical analyses of self-stories, this paper attempts to reflect upon the author’s personal history in relation to English and discuss ways in which she can position herself as both an English learner and a non-native English speaker (NNES) teacher. The self-reflection and discussion is followed by an argument for performativity, a notion drawing on poststructuralism to understand language itself and the global spread of English. This paper, itself a performative act conducted by a secondary school teacher, exemplifies the concept. The non-academic schoolteacher’s very act of writing in an academic journal aims to contribute to questioning assumptions underlying the relationship between theory and practice and to reconstituting the academic fields of applied linguistics and TESOL.

近年、自伝的かつ語りを含む研究が社会科学の分野で活発になってきている。本稿では、TESOLを専門とする、あるアジア人研究者が彼女たち自身の物語を素材として実施した批判的分析に着想を得て、英語にまつわる自己の歴史を振り返り、英語学習者としての、またNNESの英語教師としてのポジショナリティをどこに位置づけるのかという問題について議論する。さらに、この批判的自己内省を経て、言語そのもの、あるいは英語という言語の地球規模的広がりを理解するために、ポスト構造主義の概念であるパフォーマティヴィティについて検証する。なお、本稿これ自体がある高校教師によるパフォーマティヴな実践であることに言及しておきたい。研究者ではなく、一高校教師が学術雑誌に投稿することを通じ、理論と実践の関係性の背後にある前提に疑問を投げかけ、その結果、応用言語学やTESOLという学問分野の再構築に貢献できることを希望している。
A brief overview of lifelong learning in Japan
Authors: Ogden Anthony
Published: March 2020

Japan’s Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) takes the position that lifelong learning, or shougai gakushuu, encompasses not only structured learning through schooling and social education but also learning that takes place through sports, cultural activities, hobbies, recreation, and volunteer activities. This article presents an overview of lifelong learning in Japan, beginning with a brief historical outline of its development, from the Act for Adult Education of 1949 to the current national policy. Survey data on the extent of participation in lifelong learning opportunities is presented and followed by a discussion of the government’s current rationale and strategies for the promotion and advancement of lifelong learning in Japan. Societal factors challenging MEXT’s prioritization of lifelong learning are also discussed.

文部科学省は生涯学習に対して以下の見解を示している。 すなわち、生涯学習とは、学校教育や社会教育を通じた体系立った学習を含むのみならず、スポーツ、文化的活動、趣味、レクリエーション、そしてボランティア活動を通じた学習も含まれる、という見解である。当論文は、日本における生涯学習の概要を提示する。具体的には、まず、1949年の社会教育法から今日の国策に至るまでの日本における生涯学習発達の歴史的概況を簡単に示す。そして、生涯学習参画機会の程度に関する調査を示し、日本における生涯学習促進に関する政策を論じる。さらには、生涯学習に高い重要性を与えている文部科学省が直面する社会的な課題要素に関しても論じる。
Strategies for teacher motivation
Authors: Falout Joseph
Published: March 2020

Many teachers of a foreign language (FL) may face struggles particular to their situations working abroad and become demotivated in their careers. Without easy access to support services, they may be susceptible to emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a sense of low personal accomplishment.This paper outlines processes by which teachers can regain and maintain their motivation by practical steps founded on three principles—managing emotions, joining communities, and boosting efficacy. FL teachers can generate agentive thinking and pathway thinking for their own remotivation, promoting proactive step-taking toward preferred futures for their students, colleagues, and themselves.

外国語教師は外国での勤務という特殊事情に起因する様々な状況から物事への意欲の減退や喪失に直面することがある。支援を容易に受けられない環境下では感情の枯渇、社会からの孤立、達成感の低下に陥りやすくなる。本稿では外国語教師が実践できる意欲の回復と維持方法に関して、感情の制御、コミュニティへの参加、自己認識能力の向上という3原則に基づいて段階ごとに説明する。そして、主体的考え方と方向性を見出す考え方を発達させることで、教師が接する学習者、同僚、そして自分自身が望む将来のあり方へ積極的に前進していく方法を提言する。
Linguistic and contextual factors that affect Japanese readers of EFL
Authors: Penner David
Published: March 2020

By exploring the linguistic and contextual factors that cause problems for Japanese readers of EFL, this essay adds support to the sociocontextualists’ side of the ongoing debate regarding the scope of SLA research – that is, should SLA research be limited to the study of language use or should it include language-learning in context? In support of a more global approach, linguistic factors and contextual factors that cause Japanese readers difficulty are explored, including differences in orthography, morphology, orthographic depth, and phrasal structure, as well as ethnocentric influences, enculturated writing patterns, non-motivating classrooms, and enculturated learning strategies. Since Japanese readers are affected, not only by linguistic factors, but social factors as well, both linguistic and contextual factors should be considered when teaching and researching second language acquisition.
本論は外国語としての英語学習（EFL）環境にある日本人の読解に関する問題の原因となる言語学的・状況的要因を調査する。さらに、第2言語習得（SLA）研究は言語使用の研究に限定されるべきか、状況に応じた言語学習も含めて行うべきかという昨今の議論において、「社会的文脈」派の立場を支持する。本論ではより包括的なアプローチで、正字法、形態論、正字法深度、句構造等の違いに加え、自文化中心主義の影響、文化適応したライティングパターン、動機づけの低い教室、文化適応した学習ストラテジー等、日本人の読解に関する問題の原因となる言語学的・状況的要因を検討する。日本人の読解力は言語学的要因だけではなく社会的要因からも影響を受けているので、第2言語習得を指導研究する際には、言語学的・状況的要因を考慮すべきである。
Reaching for their own goals: A more democratic classroom
Authors: Hashimoto Naomi , Fukuda Steve
Published: March 2020

While most research is written from the teacher’s perspective, this paper, which originated as a self-assigned report by the first author, considers the outcomes of a university English course from a student’s viewpoint. Many teachers criticize students for having no motivation or learning goals, forgetting they place students in teacher-controlled situations that influence motivation and goal-setting. In this pilot study, we explore the influence a more democratic classroom has on motivation when students work to achieve their own goals. Two courses were compared with a democratically-taught course for first-year engineering majors. Questionnaire results and student journal entries indicate students had positive attitudes and high motivation at the end of the course. Compared with the two other courses, the democratic course received higher marks in both satisfaction and achievement. 多くの授業研究の成果は教師の視点から書かれている。しかし本論は学生の視点から、大学生向けのある必修英語シラバスの効果を述べたものである。多くの教師が、最近の学生には目標や動機づけがないと批判しているが、実際は教師が授業の目標と進度を決めることで、学生の目標設定や動機づけを制御しているのではないだろうか。本研究では、工学部1年生の3つの必修英語クラスを比較することで、学生が目標を達成しようとするとき、より民主的な授業法が動機づけに及ぼす影響を調べた。アンケート結果と学生の日誌から、伝統的なシラバスより、教師のサポートで学生が自ら目標や進度を決める方法のほうが、学生の積極的な態度を養い、また動機づけを高めることが示された。他の2クラスと比べると、この民主的なクラスは満足感と達成度において、より高い評価を得た。
Аналіз дії незбалансованості ротора молоткової дробарки на його опори
Authors: Кобрін Ю. , Васильченко Т. , Бондаренко Ю. , Шевченко І.
Published: March 2020

Молоткові дробарки – один з поширених видів дробильного обладнання яке виконує дії по дробленню та подрібненні, переважно крихких, матеріалів.Одним з вагомих факторів який впливає на надійність та довговічність роботи як елементів механічного обладнання так й усього технологічного комплексу виявляється технічний, що впливає на продуктивність і затрачену потужність – це високочастотні динамічні коливання, а саме – вібрація, воно ж – неврівноваженість.Вібрація ротора з часом збільшується й негативно впливає на вальниці, електричний двигун та на саму конструкцію дробарки в цілому що призводить до зменшення надійності, а відповідно – до ризику поламки, що в свою чергу призводить до збільшення вірогідності аварійної відмови обладнання.Одним із завдань цього дослідження є представлення способу аналізу та візуалізація, визначення та виявлення значень негативного технологічного фактора – вібрації обертових елементів, яка може бути викликана: невдалою конструкцією як ротора то й дробарки взагалі; похибки при виготовленні й монтажі ротора й молотків; нерівномірним зносом робочих чи опорних елементів.Для аналізу й розуміння дій вібрації на опорні елементи (вальниці) молоткової дробарки необхідно було спрогнозувати величину дії сили викликану незбалансованістю ротора та розрахувати масу вантажу для балансування, що й будо досягнене через дослідження, які проводилися на основі стенду для дослідження процесу роботи молоткової дробарки для розуміння й оптимізації параметрів й режимів дроблення дробильного обладнання необхідного для подрібнення інтерметалідів Ni-Al.Оскільки відцентрова сила змінює напрямок під час обертання на 3600 було визначено максимальну і мінімальну сили, а відповідно й реакції. Максимальні реакції виникають в ті моменти коли центр ваги і вісь обертання знаходяться на одній горизонталі.Провівши розрахунки – побудовані графіки візуалізації реакцій опор в вертикальній площині та горизонтальній, які дозволяють побачити циклічність процесу динамічного навантаження на опори ротора й те що вал прагне описати овальну траєкторію. Також встановлені: максимальні значеня навантаження під час обертання ротора дробарки розрахунковим шляхом: при існуючих розмірах, технічних можливостях та габаритах ротора максимальне навантаження яке будуть відчувати опори становить 49,64 Н в площині XOZ й 27,64 Н в площині XOY; та це без урахування додаткового навантаження яке буде додаватися при дробленні від зіткнення шматків матеріалу для дроблення з молотками ротора.
El método de diseño aplicado al diseño publicitario, una mirada desde los sistemas complejos
Authors: Morales Holguín Arodi
Published: March 2020

El diseño gráfico es una disciplina con una trayectoria sucinta y una base epistémica aún en consolidación. En ella como en su práctica, los métodos son un factor fundamental para la obtención de productos gráficos capaces de satisfacer las demandas para los cuales son requerido; factor que, sin embargo, suele ser poco valorado. La investigación explora los métodos de diseño y sus alcances en el contexto de la actual sociedad red desde dos enfoques, la tradicional postura causal y simplista frente a la de los sistemas complejos, encontrando divergencias entre ambas. Dichos alcances son aplicados al diseño publicitario, dada su preponderancia e impacto en el actual contexto social, cultural, tecnológico y comercial, delineándose desde los sistemas complejos una posible ruta de aplicación prospectiva de sus métodos.
Análisis semiótico de los nuevos formatos de la noticia de comunidad en Facebook y Twitter del discurso del medio digital ecuatoriano KolectiVOZ
Authors: Ulloa Paola , Oviedo Alvarado Alejandro , Auz Espinoza Diana
Published: March 2020

Los nuevos medios sociales comprenden una nueva esfera mediática donde se generan nuevos formatos informativos. En este sentido, nuestra investigación se enfocará en una nueva dinámica de noticia de la comunidad en los nuevos medios; para ello, empleará el método hermenéutico para, a través de este, hacer un análisis semiótico del espacio proyectado por KolectiVOZ, “Culopropismo”, que lo encontramos en la plataforma de Facebook. El medio digital denuncia través de su espacio quejas de la ciudadanía como invasión o apropiación indebida del espacio público. De esta manera, el análisis semiótico partirá de las dimensiones respectivas: sintáctica, semántica y pragmática, que se conectará con los resultados de las hipermediaciones técnicas y sociales que permiten la comunicación en el espacio digital, y qué tipo de audiencias son las que consumen dichos contenidos.  En la actualidad, vivimos la sociedad red (Castells, 2001) y con el desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías se evidencia un bombardeo de información debido la actividad continua de los prosumidores (Scolari, 2008) que se trata de una audiencia que no solo consume contenidos, sino que además los produce. Ante ello, las audiencias cohabitan en una ecología de medios donde conviven los medios digitales y los medios analógicos (Scolari, 2015), en consecuencia, los formatos de los contenidos noticiosos se diversificaron, no solo en cuanto a contenido sino también en formatos (Oviedo & Ulloa, 2016). Ante ello, la internet por ser una gran plataforma de información supera con creces las dimensiones informativas que los medios analógicos pueden brindar, en los cuales se presentan todo tipo de situaciones que favorecen o no a una sociedad. Los nativos digitales (Piscitelli, 2008) que nacieron rodeados de tecnología tienen una serie de capacidades cognitivas que no tienen los migrantes digitales, es por ello, que los nuevos formatos de las noticias están enfocados en esta nueva audiencia.
Análisis de la ambientación como elemento narrativo en el caso de las películas: “En el nombre de la hija” y “Agujero negro”.
Authors: Jimenez Valdospinos Marycruz , Zamora Aizaga Fredi Patricio
Published: March 2020

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar, contrastar y determinar la ambientación como elemento narrativo dentro de las películas “En nombre de la hija” y “Agujero Negro”. Posteriormente, el marco teórico sustenta los elementos conceptuales considerando temas como la dirección de arte y la importancia de la ambientación, sustentado en los autores Bordwell y Zurro, quienes hablan de la importancia de la ambientacion. Por otra parte, para la metodología aplicada a este estudio se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo y la información se recabó utilizando una guía de análisis. Luego, se exponen los resultados y la interpretación de los datos obtenidos. Finalmente, se concluye que la ambientación es fundamental dentro de la narrativa, ya que esta porque le da valor a dramaturgia, y al  manejo técnico y estético de las películas analizadas.
Diálogos sobre la situación de la danza contemporánea en Guayaquil en el marco del séptimo festival internacional Sonido y Movimiento
Authors: Medina Clara , Pesantes Irina , Delgado Lorena , Tabla Jorge , Gonzales María Luisa , Aguirre Omar
Published: March 2020

En Ecuador se llevan acabo cada vez más eventos de arte, comunicación y audiovisuales. En este caso, el séptimo encuentro organizado por la Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil, con un festival de música y movimiento.
Pedalear es político. #lasaventurasdeguayabita
Authors: García Kathy
Published: March 2020

Las Aventuras de Guayabita son pequeños relatos sobre el transitar Guayaquil en bicicleta, una mezcla de ficción y realidad, en la que la narradora se apropia de la violencia que recibe y la vuelve su fuerza en este personaje imaginario que termina derrotando en las calles a los acosadores.