bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Salter-Harris Type I Femur Fractur Depending on Dystocia in A Newborn Lamb
Authors: YURDAKUL İbrahim
Published: December 2023

In this case report, it is aimed to inform about the results of operative treatment of Salter-Harris Type I fracture in the left femur condylar, due to dystocia in a lamb, using intramedullary pin.

In the clinical examination of a 2 days old Akkaraman breed male lamb, which was brought with a complaint of lameness, was found unable to use left leg, only able to walk on 3 legs. When the palpation performed, a closed fracture was discovered in the left femur. Radiologic examination revealed a Salter-Harris Type I fracture in the left femur condyle.

Under general anesthesia, Osteosynthesis was performed with intramedullary Steinmann pin to provide reduction of the fracture. On the postoperative PVC splint guided bandage was applied to the extremity. At postoperative 15 day intervals, clinical and radiological examinations were performed. On the 45th day of the controls, it was observed that the lamb was comfortably use the extremity and there was no problem in its walk.
Ergonomi Ölçütlerinin Üniversite Yapısında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TAPKI Sinem
Published: December 2023

Eğitim ergonomisi, eğitimci ve öğrencinin çalışma ve öğrenme mekanlarında azami verim alınabilecek biçimde düzenlenmesidir. Bu çalışmada, üniversite kampüslerinde ve yapılarında öğrenci-mekan-donatı ilişkilerinin ergonomik açıdan değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma iki aşamadan oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında ‘’ergonomi’’, ‘’eğitim ergonomisi’’, kavramları araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın en detaylı bölümünde; ergonomi kavramı bağlamında Türkiye’de mevcut olan ve yeni yapılacak üniversite kampüsleri için ergonomik yeterliliklerinin ölçülebilmesi için ‘’değerlendirme ölçütleri’’ oluşturulmuştur. Mekansal, görsel, işitsel, termal ve davranışsal konfor başlıklarından oluşan değerlendirme ölçütleri ve ölçütlerin yorumu ile üniversite kampüsü ve yapısında ergonomi çalışmalarına bütüncül, sistematik ve eleştirel bir bakış açısı getirilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında, değerlendirme ölçütlerinin sınanması için alan çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda orta büyüklükteki bir kentte yeni kurulan üniversitenin mimarlık bölümü binası araştırma alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışma sonuncunda atölyelerin mekansal büyüklükleri ve konumlarının yanlış olduğu, fiziksel ve görme engellilerin yapı içerisinde düşünülmediği görülmüştür. Fiziksel engelliler, yapı içerisinde mekanlar arası erişimde zorlanmaktadır. Yapıda sadece engelliler için akademisyen ıslak hacimleri tasarlanmıştır. Yapıda görme engelliler için hissedilebilir yüzey işaretlemeleri yapılmamıştır.
Koulujen tarkastustoiminta ja sen lakkaaminen Suomessa
Authors: Lyytinen Heikki K , Rautama Pauli
Published: December 2023

Katsauksessa tarkastellaan koulujen tarkastustoiminnan yli 100-vuotista elinkaarta ja erityisesti sen päättymisvaihetta osana koulutuksen valvontaa ja koulujärjestelmän kehittämistä. Ensimmäisten kahdeksan päätoimisen tarkastajan viran perustamisesta vuodesta 1885 peruskoulujärjestelmän toimeenpanoon saakka koulutarkastukset antoivat tietoa kansakoulujen tilasta opettajille, kuntien päättäjille sekä keskushallinnolle. Oppikouluja valvoi Kouluhallitus. Tarkastajilla oli säännöksiin perustuva toimivalta edellyttää parannuksia tarkastuskäyntien aikana havaittuihin epäkohtiin. Lääninhallituksiin 1970 kootut koulutoimentarkastajat osallistuivat tarkastustehtävien ohella monipuolisesti ja tuloksellisesti myös peruskoulu-uudistuksen valmisteluun, kokeiluun sekä itse uudistuksen toimeenpanoon.

Peruskoulu-uudistuksen myötä opetushallinnon työnjako muuttui. Koulutuksen järjestäjän ja itse koulun toimivalta, vastuu ja asiantuntemus vahvistuivat. Tulollaan olleessa 1990-luvun hajautetussa hallintomallissa ei katsottu tarkastustoiminnan tuottavan lisäarvoa koulutuksen kehittämiseen. Ratkaiseva päätös tarkastustoiminnan lakkaamisesta tehtiin vuonna 1988 ilman tavanomaisia perusteluja.  Tilalle kehittyi ennen pitkää kansainvälisestä käytännöstä poiketen ulkopuolisen arvioinnin riippumattomuutta korostava ja arvioinnin asiantuntijuutta monipuolisesti ja verkostomaisesti hyödyntävä arviointijärjestelmä.

Vuodesta 2014 lähtien suomalaisesta koulutuksen ja varhaiskasvatuksen kansallisesta arvioinnista on vastannut oppimistulosten arviointia myöten Kansallinen koulutuksen arviointikeskus.  Valtion aluehallintoon jäi koulutuksen saavutettavuuden seurantaan keskittyvä peruspalvelujen arviointi sekä oppilaiden oikeusturvaa koskevien valitusten ja kantelujen ratkaiseminen. Näiden lisäksi koulujärjestelmää tukevat ylikansalliset arvioinnit.
Comparison of paleobotanical and biomarker records of mountain peatland and forest ecosystem dynamics over the last 2600 years in central Germany
Authors: Thomas Carrie L. , Jansen Boris , Czerwiński Sambor , Gałka Mariusz , Knorr Klaus-Holger , van Loon E. Emiel , Egli Markus , Wiesenberg Guido L. B.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. As peatlands are a major terrestrial sink in the global carbon cycle, gaining an understanding of their development and changes throughout time is essential in order to predict their future carbon budget and potentially mitigate the adverse outcomes of climate change. With this aim to understand peat development, many studies have investigated the paleoecological dynamics by analyzing various proxies, including pollen, macrofossil, elemental, and biomarker analyses. However, as each of these proxies is known to have its own benefits and limitations, examining them in parallel allows for a deeper understanding of these paleoecological dynamics at the peatland and a systematic comparison of the power of these individual proxies. In this study, we therefore analyzed peat cores from a peatland in Germany (Beerberg, Thuringia) to (a) characterize the vegetation dynamics over the course of the peatland development during the late Holocene and (b) evaluate to what extent the inclusion of multiple proxies, specifically pollen, plant macrofossils, and biomarkers, contributes to a deeper understanding of those dynamics and interaction among factors. We found that, despite a major shift in the regional forest composition from primarily beech to spruce as well as many indicators of human impact in the region, the local plant population in the Beerberg area remained stable over time following the initial phase of peatland development up until the last couple of centuries. Therefore, little variation could be derived from the paleobotanical data alone. The combination of pollen and macrofossil analyses with the elemental and biomarker analyses enabled further understanding of the site development as these proxies added valuable additional information, including the occurrence of climatic variations, such as the Little Ice Age, and more recent disturbances, such as drainage.
Separating and Quantifying Facility-Level Methane Emissions with Overlapping Plumes for Spaceborne Methane Monitoring
Authors: Pang Yiguo , Tian Longfei , Hu Denghui , Gao Shuang , Liu Guohua
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Quantifying facility-level methane emission rates using satellites with fine spatial resolution has recently gained significant attention. However, the existing quantification algorithms usually require the methane column plume from a single point source as input. Such approaches are challenged with overlapping plumes from multiple point sources. To address these challenges, a multi-objective heuristic optimization algorithm is introduced to perform parameter estimations for the 2D multisource Gaussian plume model, which serves as the basis for the separation method. In addition, to improve the separation performance on relatively weaker sources, we proposed a metric called local binary pattern metric (LBPM), which is only sensitive to the sign of the gradient as a minimization objective. To verify the proposed separation method, observation system simulation experiments (OSSE) of various scenarios are performed, where the integrated mass enhancement (IME) is selected as a representative single-source quantization method. The result shows that plume overlapping will increase the quantifying error of IME as overlapping pixels may not be attributed correctly; compared to unseparated overlapping plumes, the proposed separation method decreases the quantification MAPE from 1.46 to 0.45 on synthetic observation over real targets. Our separation method can separate observation of overlapping plumes from multiple sources into several observations each with a plume from a single source, thereby extending single point source quantifying algorithms, such as IME, to be applicable within scenarios of multiple point sources.
Post-Caledonian tectonic evolution of the Precambrian and Palaeozoic Platforms boundary zone offshore Poland based on the new and vintage multi-channel reflection seismic data
Authors: Nguyen Quang , Malinowski Michal , Mazur Stanisław , Stovba Sergiy , Ponikowska Małgorzata , Hübscher Christian
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The structure of the post-Caledonian sedimentary cover in the transition from the Precambrian to the Palaeozoic Platforms in the Polish sector of the Baltic Sea is a matter of ongoing debate, due to the sparsity of quality seismic data and insufficient well data. The new high-resolution BalTec seismic data acquired in 2016 contributed greatly to deciphering the regional geology of the area. Here we develop an optimal seismic data processing workflow for the selected BalTec seismic profiles offshore Poland. Due to the acquisition in a shallow water environment, the processing strategy focused on suppressing multiple reflections and guided waves, through a cascaded application of SRME, τ-p deconvolution, water bottom F-K filtering, and parabolic Radon multiple elimination. We also perform reprocessing of the legacy PGI97 regional seismic data, achieving significant improvement in overall data quality compared to the original processing. We showcase the potential of the new and reprocessed data focusing seismic interpretation on the area of the Koszalin Fault. In the light of the data available, the Koszalin Fault was the main structure controlling Mesozoic subsidence and Late Cretaceous-Paleocene inversion of the eastern portion of the Mid-Polish Trough offshore Poland. The inversion changed its character from thin- to thick-skinned towards the north, away from the Polish coast. The Koszalin Fault reactivated older structural grain inherited from the time of Devonian continental rifting at the margin of Laurussia. The fault runs obliquely to the CDF, the feature that remained inactive since its formation at the Silurian-Devonian transition.
Trace and ultratrace elements in spinel subgroup minerals of ultramafic rocks from the Voltri Massif (NW Italy): the influence of microstructure and texture
Authors: Fornasaro Silvia , Comodi Paola , Crispini Laura , Zappatore Sandro , Zucchini Azzurra , Marescotti Pietro
Published: December 2023

Abstract. An innovative multi-analytical approach comprising mineralogical, minero-chemical, and microstructural analyses as well as an indirect machine learning-based statistical method was applied to investigate the mineralogy and the mineral chemistry of spinel subgroup minerals (SSMs) of different ultramafic rocks from the high-pressure metaophiolites of the Voltri Massif (Central Liguria, NW Italy). The study was focused on the correlation between the compositional variations of SSMs and their texture, microstructure, and the degree of serpentinization of the host rock. The SSM occurs with three main textures and microstructures linked to the progressive serpentinization and deformation of ultramafic rocks during the Alpine orogenic events: (i) Cr-spinel porphyroclasts with various degrees of recrystallization (up to magnetite porphyroblasts) within partially serpentinized peridotite and massive serpentinite; (ii) magnetite crystals associated with pseudomorphic and non-pseudomorphic serpentine textures (e.g., mesh, hourglass, ribbon, and interpenetrating textures) in partially serpentinized peridotite and massive serpentinites; and (iii) magnetite crystals re-oriented along the foliations developed in serpentine schist. The chemical composition of SSMs varies systematically within the textures and microstructures. These processes also affected the chemical composition of SSMs, the availability of Mn, Zn, Ni, and Co in solution, and their consequent incorporation in the lattice of chromian spinel due to olivine breakdown, the major repository of these elements in ultramafic rocks. At a general scale, the trace and ultratrace variability is primarily related to the petrologic and tectonic evolution but, at a local scale, also the mineralogical, lithological, structural, and textural features correlated to the degree of serpentinization and/or deformation. These significantly influence the distribution and concentration of trace and ultratrace elements in SSMs. The results of the present work were also confirmed by an innovative indirect statistical method performed through the Weka Machine Learning Workbench.
The statistical emulators of GGCMI phase 2: responses of year-to-year variation of crop yield to CO2, temperature, water, and nitrogen perturbations
Authors: Liu Weihang , Ye Tao , Müller Christoph , Jägermeyr Jonas , Franke James A. , Stephens Haynes , Chen Shuo
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Understanding the impact of climate change on year-to-year variation of crop yield is critical to global food stability and security. While crop model emulators are believed to be lightweight tools to replace the models, few emulators have been developed to capture such interannual variation of crop yield in response to climate variability. In this study, we developed a statistical emulator with a machine learning algorithm to reproduce the response of year-to-year variation of four crop yields to CO2 (C), temperature (T), water (W), and nitrogen (N) perturbations defined in the Global Gridded Crop Model Intercomparison Project (GGCMI) phase 2. The emulators were able to explain more than 52 % of the variance of simulated yield and performed well in capturing the year-to-year variation of global average and gridded crop yield over current croplands in the baseline. With the changes in CO2–temperature–water–nitrogen (CTWN) perturbations, the emulators could reproduce the year-to-year variation of crop yield well over most current cropland. The variation of R and the mean absolute error was small under the single CTWN perturbations and dual-factor perturbations. These emulators thus provide statistical response surfaces of yield, including both its mean and interannual variability, to climate factors. They could facilitate spatiotemporal downscaling of crop model simulation, projecting the changes in crop yield variability in the future and serving as a lightweight tool for multi-model ensemble simulation. The emulators enhanced the flexibility of crop yield estimates and expanded the application of large-ensemble simulations of crop yield under climate change.
EXPLORING THE PROSPECTS OF UAV-REMOTELY SENSED DATA IN ESTIMATING PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE CROPS IN TYPICAL SMALLHOLDER FARMS OF SOUTHERN AFRICA
Authors: Sibanda M. , Buthelezi S. , Mutanga O. , Odindi J. , Clulow A. D. , Chimonyo V. G. P. , Gokool S. , Naiken V. , Magidi J. , Mabhaudhi T.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. This study estimated maize grain biomass, and grain biomass as a proportion of the absolute maize plant biomass using UAV-derived multispectral data. Results showed that UAV-derived data could accurately predict yield with R2 ranging from 0.80 – 0.95, RMSE ranging from 0.03 – 0.94 kg/m2 and RRMSE ranging from 2.21% – 39.91% based on the spectral datasets combined. Results of this study further revealed that the VT-R1 (56–63 days after emergence) vegetative growth stage was the most optimal stage for the early prediction of maize grain yield (R2 = 0.85, RMSE = 0.1, RRMSE = 5.08%) and proportional yield (R2 = 0.92, RMSE = 0.06, RRMSE = 17.56%), with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (ENDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and the red edge band being the most optimal prediction variables. The grain yield models produced more accurate results in estimating maize yield when compared to the biomass and proportional yield models. The results demonstrate the value of UAV-derived data in predicting maize yield on smallholder farms – a previously challenging task with coarse spatial resolution satellite sensors.
INSTANCE SEGMENTATION OF LIDAR DATA WITH VISION TRANSFORMER MODEL IN SUPPORT INUNDATION MAPPING UNDER FOREST CANOPY ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Yang J. , El Mendili L. , Khayer Y. , McArdle S. , Hashemi Beni L.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Inundation mapping in forest and dense vegetated areas requires the ability to generate well defined Digital Terrain Models (DTM) to derive floodwater extent, depth, and duration. Due to the occlusion caused by overlapping leaves and branch structures of forest canopies, the ability to extract elevation point clouds through UAV and airborne optical imagery and photogrammetry is challenging. LiDAR is an active sensor that acquires direct 3D measurements by transmitting hundreds of thousands of laser measurements per second producing incredibly detailed mapping layers of not only the terrain but also forest attributes such as crown diameter, tree density and height that can support inundation mapping as well as hydrological models and monitoring of floods.In this research, we propose a methodology to map the inundated areas under canopies by using photon base Geiger Mode LiDAR point cloud dataset and a deep learning model to conduct instance segmentation of tree canopy. The method is to segment the vegetation from water and determine the gap fraction between trees to quantify the penetration through canopy for the detection of water pixels in vegetated areas. To conduct the segmentation Masked-attention Mask Transformer (Mask2Former) for universal segmentation model was implemented and trained to automate the extraction of tree crown segments from the LiDAR data. Furthermore, a semi-automatic experimental approach using a Canopy Height Model and watershed segmentation was applied to develop a rapid tree crown annotation strategy.
Study on a grinding force model of a variable grinding contact area during knife-edge surface grinding
Authors: Yu Baohua , Lou Tianfeng , Chen Dongwei , Rui Jie , Li Wenliang , Chen Yuepeng
Published: December 2023

Abstract. ​​​​​​​In the context of non-standard blade geometries of knife-like tools with tapered cutting edges where the width of the blade surface varies with feed, there is limited research on predicting grinding forces considering the changing contact line. To enhance the accuracy of predicting grinding forces during the blade surface grinding of knife-like tools, a novel analytical-regression correction method is proposed. This method employs an analytical approach to analyze the varying contact line between the grinding wheel and the tool during grinding, enabling the determination of irregularly shaped grinding contact zones. By introducing exponential coefficients related to the grinding contact line, a regression analysis is employed to refine a variable edge-width grinding force model. In comparison to the conventional constant contact line blade surface grinding force prediction, this model is better suited for non-standard blade geometries of knife-like tools in grinding processes. Results indicate that the average relative error between the predicted values from the variable edge-width grinding force model and the actual measurements remains within 9 %, thereby validating the model's effectiveness in predicting grinding forces.
Temporal clustering of precipitation for detection of potential landslides
Authors: Banfi Fabiola , Bevacqua Emanuele , Rivoire Pauline , Oliveira Sérgio C. , Pinto Joaquim G. , Ramos Alexandre M. , De Michele Carlo
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Landslides are complex phenomena that cause important impacts in vulnerable areas, including the destruction of infrastructure, environmental damage, and loss of life. The occurrence of landslide events is often triggered by rainfall episodes, single and intense ones or multiple occurring in sequence, i.e. clustered in time. Landslide prediction is typically obtained via process-based or empirical thresholds. Here, we develop a new approach that uses information on the temporal clustering of rainfall to detect landslide events and compare it with the use of classical empirical rainfall thresholds. In addition, we evaluate the performances of the two approaches combined together as a case study in the region of Lisbon in Portugal. We consider a dataset that categorises landslides into shallow and deep events, and a review of empirical rainfall thresholds that makes a good benchmark for testing our novel method. We show that the new approach based on temporal clustering overall has a good power of detecting landslide events, but has a skill comparable with the classic rainfall threshold method. While there is no clear outperformance of one method, the novel clustering-based method has a higher sensitivity despite a lower precision than the threshold-based method. For all approaches, the potential detection is better for deep landslides than for shallow ones. The results of this study could help to improve the prediction of rainfall-triggered landslides.
A Preliminary Investigation of the Reliability of Acoustic Parameters of Voice through Smartphone Recordings in Individuals with Dysphonia
Authors: Nakum Meet , Joshi Namita
Published: December 2023

Telepractice offers the opportunity to receive care at home without risk of exposure to healthcare acquired infections, especially during a pandemic. Hence, establishing the reliability of the diagnosis of dysphonia via a smartphone is fundamental to providing an alternative service delivery model. A total of 20 participants participated in the study. Recordings of sentence-based voice samples were done using a standardized microphone and the software used in labs and on smartphones. Comparisons were made of acoustic and perceptual voice in real-time and recorded samples speech in persons with typical vs pathological voice. Results revealed no significant differences perceptually between real-time voice and recorded voice in individuals with typical and pathological voices. In acoustic analysis, there was no significant difference in Fundamental frequency (F0) and Auditory Voice Quality Index (AVQI) between real-time voice and recorded voice in individuals with typical and pathological voice.
Telehealth Competency Questionnaire-Consumer: Psychometric Validation of a Client-centered Measure
Authors: Taylor, PhD, OTR/L Steven , Little, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA Lauren M.
Published: December 2023

To effectively access telehealth services, individuals must possess certain competencies; yet, telehealth consumer focused measures are limited. The purpose of this study was to describe the development and validation of the Telehealth Competency Questionnaire – Consumer (TCQ-C). Among a sample of adults with chronic health conditions (n=134), findings showed that the TCQ-C is comprised of one factor that accounts for 66.6% of the variance, and internal consistency of subscales are good (range α = 0.80-0.87) and may be used for clinical or research purposes. The TCQ-C demonstrated moderate concurrent validity with the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire-Usability subscale (r = 0.728, p<.001), and significantly discriminates between adults >65 years and those younger as well as those with and without previous telehealth experience. The TCQ-C is a psychometrically sound instrument to evaluate baseline competencies among telehealth consumers so that education, research, and clinical practices are tailored to increase effective engagement between clients and providers.
Ֆալիբիլիզմի ակունքները անտիկ փիլիսոփայությունում / The Sources of Fallibilism in Ancient Philosophy
Authors: AKELYAN DAVIT
Published: December 2023

The main purpose of the article is to reveal the philosophical foundations and
elements of fallibilism in the traditions of ancient philosophy and, in particular, skeptical
teachings, to show the attempts of forming and applying the main principles of fallibilism in the teachings of ancient philosophers, recording the outlook and methodological importance of fallibilism in human existence and knowledge, the justification of knowledge, in the philosophical-historical process of the search for criteria of truth.
To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to analyze the epistemological
views and approaches of ancient Greek and modern philosophical teachings and authors that contributed to the formation and further development of fallibilism, and to study the outlook and methodological significance of fallibilism and its impact on different epistemological concepts and in the context of overcoming conceptual conflicts and extremes.
Many original works and articles were used during the research. The research
used the methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy and historical
comparison.
The main conclusion derived from this research is that the skeptical views of many
ancient Greek philosophers and especially Sextus Empiricus, Carneades, and Philo
played a vital role in shaping the philosophical foundations of fallibilism and its worldviewmethodological significance. The approaches proposed by these authors facilitated the reinterpretation of classical notions of knowledge and cognition, thereby establishing alternative fallibilistic approaches to a wide range of epistemological issues. Importantly, fallibilism has historically demonstrated its significance of the outlook and methodological function in mitigating and resolving epistemological conflicts, as well as reconciling opposing and dead-end conceptual frameworks.
Actividad empleadora en la televisión pública de la era de la automatización: employer branding, canales de contratación, procesos de selección, competencias y perfiles profesionales demandados
Authors: Fieiras Ceide César , Ufarte Ruiz María José , Vaz Álvarez Martín
Published: December 2023

Esta investigación profundiza en la actividad empleadora ejecutada por las radiotelevisiones públicas de Europa en el contexto actual de desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial generativa, analizando los canales de contratación empleados, los procesos de selección seguidos las competencias y perfiles profesionales más demandados, las ofertas laborales vigentes, y los procedimientos de creación de marca empleadora. El diseño metodológico para alcanzar estos propósitos requiere una ejecución por etapas a partir de la aplicación de una triangulación metodológica de técnicas cualitativas. Se analizan las propuestas de 10 emisoras públicas europeas, que se complementan con entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad a los responsables de innovación o tecnología de parte de estas corporaciones. Los resultados revelan que la proliferación de ofertas para puestos digitales no supone un desvanecimiento de las tradicionales, y que estas oportunidades de empleo tecnológicas se relacionan principalmente con procesos de ingeniería de datos, ciberseguridad, gestión de big data y cloud, y solo en casos aislados se vinculan a funciones concretas de aprendizaje automático o IA. Los hallazgos demuestran, igualmente, que las habilidades interpersonales como la adaptabilidad al cambio se imponen a las eminentemente técnicas, y que las emisoras buscan con la construcción de su marca empleadora y con la optimización de sus portales de contratación una ventaja competitiva en el disputado mercado del talento.
Kant, Anthropocentrism, and Animal Welfare
Authors: Wilson Holly L.
Published: December 2023

Abstract:  This paper will argue six reasons why Kant is an anthropocentric, but not an anthropo-supremacist.  It will lay out Kant’s case against animal egalitarianism, and how Kant’s moral theory nevertheless provides sufficient obligations not to be cruel to other animal species and to care about their welfare.  This paper will show how Kant’s moral theory will apply in concrete detail with one species of non-human animal, namely the dairy cow.  A dairy farmer who is also motived by Kantian virtue will have enough moral incentive to care about their dairy cows even though Kant’s duties to other animal species are indirect and not direct.
Análise espaço-temporal da cobertura vegetal do município de Guarulhos, São Paulo, por meio de sensoriamento remoto
Authors:   Universidade Guarulhos, UNG, Guarulhos, SP, Brasil, Freitas Gabriel Sousa de , Filho Antonio Conceição Paranhos ,   Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil, Dalmas Fabricio Bau ,   Universidade Guarulhos, UNG, Guarulhos, SP, Brasil
Published: December 2023

Avaliar a cobertura vegetal de um município é fundamental para o monitoramento e controle do uso e ocupação do solo. Diante disso o estudo objetiva avaliar a evolução das áreas com cobertura vegetal do município de Guarulhos entre os anos de 1986 e 2022, usando imagens Landsat-8 e Landsat-5 adquiridas nos anos de 1986, 1991, 2013 e 2022. Como metodologia, foi aplicado o Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NVDI) para o cálculo da vegetação. Conclui-se que o município de Guarulhos vem apresentando uma redução na sua área de cobertura vegetal, principalmente por conta da ocupação irregular relacionada à construção do Rodoanel Trecho Norte, justamente as áreas com maiores concentrações de vegetação do município.
Exploring the Dynamics of Urban Gentrification: A Human Geographical Perspective
Authors:   Jain College, Veer Kunwar Singh University, Arrah, Bihar, India, Hosen Bappa
Published: December 2023

Urban gentrification, a process of neighborhood transformation driven by complex interplays of socioeconomic forces, policy interventions, and cultural shifts, has become a prominent focal point in contemporary human geography. This research article offers a comprehensive human geographical exploration of gentrification’s dynamics, impacts, and implications. This study delves into the multifaceted dimensions of gentrification within urban landscapes through a synthesized analysis of existing literature, empirical case studies, and theoretical frameworks. The article begins by elucidating the diverse drivers that initiate and perpetuate gentrification, including rising property values, shifts in consumer preferences, and economic restructuring. Subsequently, the spatial manifestations and social impacts of gentrification are examined, emphasizing the displacement of existing communities, altered neighborhood identities, and the transformation of urban landscapes. The role of public policies in shaping gentrification trajectories is then interrogated, highlighting the influence of urban planning, housing policies, and zoning regulations on the process. Furthermore, the article addresses the contestations and resistances that gentrification often engenders. It examines the strategies marginalized communities and grassroots organizations adopted to challenge the displacement of long-standing residents and the erosion of local cultures. Building upon these insights, the study advocates for inclusive and equitable urban development strategies prioritizing social justice principles and community well-being. this research contributes to a holistic understanding of urban gentrification from a human geographical standpoint. By unraveling the intricate relationships between space, society, policy, and power dynamics, this article emphasizes the need for nuanced approaches to address the challenges posed by gentrification and to foster sustainable and vibrant urban landscapes that accommodate diverse populations and preserve local identities. Keywords: Inequality, Displacement, Community.
The Current State and Future Outlook of the US Economy
Authors: Husain Anwar , Mark Ian
Published: December 2023

The study examines the current state of the US economy after the interest rate increases implemented by the Federal Reserve from January 2022 to July 2023 to reduce the rise in inflation. Although the Federal Reserve has successfully reduced inflation during this time period, the thesis of this paper is that future interest rate increases would be damaging to the economy and result in a recession. The five key economic indicators reviewed to assess the current state of the economy are (1) national debt, (2) real GDP growth rate, (3) inflation, (4) interest rate yield curve, and (5) unemployment. The conclusion of the paper is that the US Federal Reserve would damage several components of the economy if interest rate increases continue into the future, and it would increase the likelihood of a recession. The benefit of continuing with this monetary policy would be to decrease inflation from 3% to the publicly stated target of 2%.  However, costs associated with this would be significantly higher since it would result in an increase in the US national debt and annual budget deficit because the servicing costs of the debt would increase dramatically. This would have a major impact on the US economy and eventually lead to an economic downturn.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO MARKETING DE RELACIONAMENTO: um estudo aplicado nas redes sociais da loja de vestuário França Modas
Authors: França Guilherme , Sartor Ricardo
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a importância de se manter um relacionamento entre empresa e consumidor e como a relação mais estreita entre ambos pode gerar mais resultados. Para tanto utilizou-se como método a pesquisa bibliográfica de autores dedicados ao tema e o estudo de caso realizado na microempresa de vestuário França Modas, da cidade de Sertãozinho-SP, utilizando o perfil da empresa no Instagram como ferramenta de relacionamento, de onde foram extraídas informações importantes que mostram o engajamento por curtida, comentário, compartilhamento e visita no perfil. Com a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento do trabalho na empresa foi identificado a vantagem de manter o cliente em contato com a marca, atualmente a maioria dos clientes que a empresa trabalha utiliza muito a rede social proporcionando dados importantes para a empresa. Deve se aproveitar a informação obtida e realizar uma aplicação das técnicas do marketing de relacionamento para atingir melhores resultados e assim fazer o cliente trabalhar junto com a empresa.
ASSOREAMENTO E INUNDAÇÃO DO CÓRREGO CERRADINHO NA ÁREA URBANA DO MUNICÍPIO DE JABOTICABAL (São Paulo, Brasil)
Authors: Rodrigo da Costa Aguiar José , Fernandes Garcia Filho Baltasar
Published: December 2023

O assoreamento e a inundação em córregos e rios em trechos de áreas urbanas são um desafio para as gestões públicas municipais. A falta de planejamento e de manutenção no córrego Cerradinho do município de Jaboticabal-SP, ao longo dos anos, nos alerta para um momento atual nunca visto antes com vários tipos de impactos ambientais negativos, produzindo transtornos a população e meio ambiente. Com o objetivo de identificar esses impactos no córrego Cerradinho, fez-se um trabalho de campo coletando dados qualitativos sobre a real situação do córrego, a fim de explicitar uma visão mais ampla sobre os problemas a serem corrigidos e gerenciados. A metodologia escolhida foi o estudo do meio com a coleta de dados através de imagens de satélite e fotos em diferentes locais do córrego. Observou-se a necessidade de uma maior participação pública representada pelo poder legislativo e executivo no cumprimento da Lei Orgânica do município, onde se assegura o direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado, a preservação e a restauração dos processos ecológicos essenciais a vida e a população da cidade.
Organizacja terytorialna diecezji kieleckiej
Authors: Kumor Bolesław
Published: December 2023

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Antonio Possevino SJ i jego misja do Szwecji
Authors: Obirek Stanisław
Published: December 2023

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HARNESSING DEEP LEARNING AND NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING (NLP)
Authors: Hyder Mohd , Nafees Gouri Mohd
Published: December 2023

This chapter embarks on a journey through the dynamic landscapes of Deep Learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP) with a focus on the TensorFlow and Keras frameworks, as well as spaCy and NLTK libraries. In this chapter, we demystify the world of deep learning, exploring neural networks, activation functions, and model training. We introduce TensorFlow, a powerful open-source framework, and Keras, a user-friendly high-level API that simplifies deep neural network creation. Case studies illuminate deep learning's real-world impact, spanning image classification to healthcare applications. We conclude by delving into transfer learning and pre-trained models, essential tools for modern deep learning. This chapter also dives into NLP, emphasizing its pivotal role in today's technology landscape. We introduce spaCy and NLTK, two Python libraries that equip you with versatile NLP tools. Sentiment analysis, text classification, and Named Entity Recognition are highlighted, showcasing their applications across various domains. By the end, you'll have a robust foundation in both deep learning and NLP, equipped to tackle real-world challenges and opportunities in these cutting-edge fields.
COMPUTER VISION WITH OPEN CV
Authors: Gouri Mohd Hyder , Kumar Mr. Mohit
Published: December 2023

Computers can now analyze and comprehend visual data from the outside world because to the development of computer vision, a branch of artificial intelligence. It entails the creation of algorithms and methods to extract significant data from pictures and movies. The sophisticated open-source computer vision and machine learning software library known as OpenCV makes it simpler to work with visual data. OpenCV is an acronym for Open-Source Computer Vision Library. The goal of computer vision is to mimic the capacity of the human visual system to comprehend and interpret the visual environment. It involves activities like object detection, facial recognition, image segmentation, and more. It also incorporates image and video analysis. Numerous industries use computer vision, including autonomous vehicles, robotics, surveillance, and augmented reality. Frequently popular open-source library OpenCV offers tools, routines, pre-built algorithms, and tools for executing different computer vision tasks. Although it was initially created by Intel, the project is now community-driven. Python and other languages provide bindings for OpenCV, which is built in C++.Computers can now analyze and comprehend visual data from the outside world because to the development of computer vision, a branch of artificial intelligence. It entails the creation of algorithms and methods to extract significant data from pictures and movies. The sophisticated open-source computer vision and machine learning software library known as OpenCV makes it simpler to work with visual data. OpenCV is an acronym for Open-Source Computer Vision Library. The goal of computer vision is to mimic the capacity of the human visual system to comprehend and interpret the visual environment. tasks such as image and video analysis.
Sociology and Contemporary Education Social Observation in Cultural Fabric and Garment Oversight in Makeni, Bombali District, Northern Sierra Leone
Authors: Bangura Mohamed
Published: December 2023

Universal financial and social systems have radically transformed the essence of social commerce in addition to the commission of higher education. Executive pedagogical initiatives, comparatively cultural fabrics and garments, are eventually accountable for assembling students to be production-primed and, consequently, divergent syllabi have been established to direct this contemporary demand of the production (Abbaspour & Zare, 2023). Specifically, social observational education has been depicted to be effective at student education; foreign observation education has become renowned in the social learning composition. While greatly prior social research has enrapt on the procedures and results of contemporary syllabus, the social research probed students bulletins from a short-term social inquiry on-deck syllabus to represent how students comprehend, theorize, re-cogitate on and inquire with contemporary social observations downward a pedagogical social education theory structure (Csok, 2022). However, eight social threads appeared; two from each of the four social education modes. The findings are deliberated and the social research is analyzed with presentations, ramifications and future social research chances.
An Assessment of Solid Waste Management in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: E.L. Ubiaza , O.J. Aina , O.C. Ajayi , S.M. Agboola , P.U. Oghagbon
Published: December 2023

Background: Sanitation has remained an important and long standing global public health challenge, especially in middle and low income countries. Efforts have been made, and are still being made at finding a total solution to the problems of waste management by successive governments in Nigeria, but none has been fruitful. This study assessed solid waste management in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Methodology: For the purpose of this research, a qualitative approach was adopted. This approach employed the use of a Key Informant Interview (KII) and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The study was carried out in Ikenne Local Government Area, one of the existing local council areas in Ogun State, the Southwestern part of the country. Twelve personnel of the Water and Environmental Sanitation (WES) department of Ikenne Local Government Area were interviewed for the purpose of this study. The sample consists of the director, deputy director, three chief environmental officers, two senior environmental officers, and five field workers. Results: The respondents stated that there are just two collection trucks servicing the entire five communities. The stress placed on these vehicles would only last for a short while as they are liable to break down. The department also lacks personal protective equipment for health attendants, which ought to help them prevent infectious diseases in the course of performing their duties. Households from the three different communities have shown their dissatisfaction towards the services rendered to the communities by the WES department. They voiced out their displeasures during the focused group discussions where most of them said they are rarely served, even on environmental sanitation days. These options revolve around seeking a redress to institutional constraints. Lack of reliable funding system has affected a lot of functions that ought to be carried out by environmental officers. It all comes down to a single factor – fund. The provision of official vans for inspection purposes, collection trucks, manpower (skilled and unskilled) and other tools are all determined by availability of funds. Conclusion: The study was able to establish that institutional constraint is the major factor militating against solid waste management systems in Ikenne Local Government Area. Every finger points towards this direction and so also the institution admits to this fact. When there is no collection vehicle to carry wastes, the available ones can only serve a few of the population. This is not to say that manpower to collect wastes from households is less important, as they are needed to transfer the wastes into the trucks and also dispose of them, as the services rendered to the people.
ADAPTATION OF COMPOSITE CAD/CAM INLAYS FABRICATED BY DIFFERENT METHODS: AN IN VITRO MICRO-CT STUDY
Authors:   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria., Petrova Viktoria , Vasileva Radosveta ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria., Kirilova Janet ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: December 2023

Purpose: Indirect restorations can be performed using different impression techniques (conventional, laboratory, or intraoral scanners). Their accuracy determined their longevity. This study compares the marginal and internal adaptation of milled CAD/CAM composite inlays fabricated by conventional, hybrid, and digital methods. Material and methods: Thirty human premolars were prepared for MOD composite inlays(CI). They were divided into three equal groups depending on the process of fabrication: Group 1 (conventional group)— impression and laboratory-fabricated CI, Group 2 (hybrid group)— impression, laboratory scanner and milled CAD/CAM CI, and Group 3(digital group)— digital impression (intraoral scanner) and milled CAD/CAM CI. The marginal gap (MG), absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD), and internal gap (IG) were measured at 120 different points per CI using X‐ray microtomography. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: The conventional and digital composite inlays present significantly smaller marginal and internal gaps than the CAD/CAM group manufactured by hybrid methods. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, we concluded that the CAD-CAM composite inlays fabricated by digital method exhibited statistically better marginal and internal adaptation results than composite CAD-CAM inlays by hybrid methods. The composite CAD-CAM inlays made by digital methods are an alternative to those made by a conventional methodology.
The Determinant Factor Of E-Commerce User Satisfaction Mediated By Customer Experience
Authors: Abdillah Ahmad Faydlurrahman , Wiadnyana Fajar Dipa , Afandi Siroy , Sundjaja Arta Moro
Published: December 2023

The research is proposed to examine the determinant factors of e-commerce user satisfaction that mediated by customer experience in Indonesia. Some measurement items were adopted from existing literature. To get the result on how this affects the satisfaction, this research used a quantitative approach to descriptive analysis. This study uses 284 respondents in five e-commerce namely; Tokopedia, Shopee, Bukalapak, Blibli, JD.id, Lazada, and Zalora. The researchers distributed the questionnaire through social media and online messaging applications. Based on the demographic profile of respondents, the researchers discovered that the respondents are an educated person, work as professional employees or college students, and allocate more than once per week to shop on e-commerce platforms. The structural equation model developed in this study was tested using Partial Least Squares (PLS) to analyze data from 284 respondents. The results of the study found that the relationship between e-commerce innovation and e-commerce service quality have a positive impact on customer satisfaction that mediated by customer experience. This study was focused on relationship between e-commerce innovation, e-commerce service quality, customer experience, and customer satisfaction. Therefore, further research is expected to be able to test the determinants of the other factors.
Prescription opioid use among Australian police detainees
Authors: Sullivan Tom , Ticehurst Andrew
Published: December 2023

Prescription opioid diversion and use for non-medical purposes is a growing problem linked to crime and addiction. While offenders are more likely than the general Australian population to use prescription drugs for non-medical purposes, relatively little is known about the types of prescription opioids they use and their patterns of use. Identifying the extent and nature of prescription opioid use among police detainees may assist law enforcement agencies and healthcare providers to allocate resources more effectively. This bulletin draws on data from the Drug Use Monitoring in Australia (DUMA) program collected in January and February 2016. One-quarter of detainees reported prescription opioid use in the last 12 months and almost a fifth engaged in non-medical use of these drugs. The most commonly reported opioid was buprenorphine, and opioids were most commonly obtained from a family member or friend or purchased from a street dealer. About four in 10 users had used more than one type of prescription opioid in the past 12 months, and most had also used other illicit drugs.