bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Dan Ekonomi Sosial Bank Syariah Antara Sebelum Dan Sesudah Ditetapkannya Fatwa MUI Tentang Haramnya Bunga Bank
Authors: Rachmah Lia Auliah , Laila Nisful
Published: October 2020

This study aims to find out the comparison between the performance of Islamic Banks including financial performances such as the ratio of ROA, ROE, FDR and CAR as wells economic and social performance such as MMR ratio before and after the determination of fatwa regarding the prohibition against bank interest. Quantitative approach and independent sample t-test has been used in this study. The data is a secondary data which was obtained by collecting the annual financial reports. The result of the independent sample t-test shows that there are significant differences between the performance of the Islamic banks before and after the fatwa on the ratio of ROE, FDR and MMR. Whereas on the ratio of ROA and CAR have no significant difference before and after the fatwa.
Economic Value Added Dan Market Value Added Serta Perilaku Harga Saham Perusahaan Yang Listing Di Jakarta Islamic Index (Periode 2010-2014)
Authors: Khairuriza Khairuriza , Herlambang Leo
Published: October 2020

Stern Stewart & Co. introduced new methods of measuring financial performance based on the added value produced by the company, these methods being Economic Value Added (EVA) and Market Value Added (MVA). The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of EVA and MVA toward the stock price of companies listed in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the year period 2010-2014.The data used in this research are secondary data comprising of yearly data for the period 2010-2014. The analysis employed in this research is through using multiple linear regression analysis with α of 0.05.The research suggest that EVA and MVA partially and simultaneously have significance effect towards the stock price of the company enlisted in JII. With α of 0.162 or 16.2%, this shows that 16, 2% of stock price in JII is affected by EVA and MVA, whereas 83, 8% is affected by other variables.
Peran Pembiayaan Produktif BMT Pahlawan Dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Anggota
Authors: Nindyaningtyas Ullya , Hapsari Meri Indri
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this research is to assess the role played by Baitul Maal Wattamwil (BMT) in increasing welfare of its member. This research adopts a quantitative approach through empirical analysis using Pahlawan Baitul Maal Wattamwil (BMT) located in Tulungagung as the subject of research.Several tools of analysis used in this research are: The Headcount Ratio, The Poverty Discrepancy Ratio, The Income Discrepancy Ratio, The Fooster, Greer and Thorbeck (FGT) index and the Threshold of Trade.
Analisis Perbedaan Penggunaan Metode Pengakuan Pendapatan Margin Murabahah Terhadap Kualitas Laba (Studi Kasus pada Bank Syariah di Indonesia Tahun 2011-2013)
Authors: Ramadani Dwi Wulan , Suprayogi Noven
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the presence or absence of differences in the earnings quality on murabaha margin revenue recognition. The sample used in this study selected by purposive sampling method. It produces 6 Islamic Banks (BUS) in Indonesia with the data obtained from their annual reports that have already been published. The research used a quantitative approach using equations of regression to detect the presence or absence of earnings management, which then in different test using independent t-test. The variable in this study is earnings quality that is categorised based on the use of murabaha margin revenue recognition method. Results shows that differences in using murabaha margin revenue recognition method has an impact on quality of earnings. However, the statistical test indicated that there was no significant difference to the quality of earnings.
Kondisi Makro Ekonomi Terhadap Hasil Investasi Asuransi Jiwa Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Zein Firsty Dzanurrahmana , Shofawati Atina
Published: October 2020

This research attempt to analyze the effect of variable inflation, Rupiah exchange rate, and gross domestic product towards investment result of sharia life insurance in Indonesia period 2012:Q1 until 2016:Q1. This research using quantitative methods. The analysis techniques used is multiple linear regression with data panel and significance level of 0,05. The approach used in this research is Random Effect Model. The result of t-test, gross domestic bruto has a significant influence to investment result of sharia life insurance with 0,0459. Inflation and Rupiah exchange rate has not significant influence to investment result of sharia life insurance. However, inflation, Rupiah exchange rate and gross domestic product simultaneously provide a significant effect to Investment result of sharia life insurance.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kontribusi Peserta Pada Perusahaan Asuransi Jiwa Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Wardhani Risma Kartika Mulya , Septiarini Dina Fitrisia
Published: October 2020

The aims of this study is to determine the effect of operating costs, investment and claims partially and simultaneously against the contribution to the shariah life insurance companies in Indonesia during 2013-2015. This study uses quantitative approach. The sampling technique is purposive sampling and there were 19 shariah life insurance company as subjects. The technique used is regression analysis using fixed effect model (FEM) panel data. The results study indicate that the operating expenses, investment returns and claims partially and simultaneously are significant and have positive impact on the contribution to the KP equation=67051.80+0,578102BO+2,605768HI+1,427397KLM. The results illustrate that the number of contributions have important influence in the operations of the companies. The amount of contributions received is expected to cover the costs incurred for the company's operations, they can be invested so as to achieve the company's expected return, and to pay claims.
Komparasi Efisiensi Bank Umum Syariah dan Bank Umum Konvensional di Indonesia Dengan Menggunakan Teknik Data Envelopment Analysis Periode 2012-2015
Authors: Latifa Putri Chintia , Sukmana Raditya
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine there is a difference of efficiency in terms of income and intermediation between shariah banks and conventional banks during 2012-2015. Efficiency is a measure of bank performance which describes the optimal output level conditions with the level of the current input. The measurement of efficiency in this study usesDEA with CRS assumption. This study uses 22 shariah banks and conventional banks which are the same size in terms of core capital, grouped based on corresponding business activities banks group (BUKU). Then, they are tested by using different independent sample t-test andMann-Whitney Test. Financial performance assessment for the banks uses four input variables and four output variables. A comparative analysis conducted showed that there were no differences in the efficiency of shariah banks and conventional banks. While on the intermediation there are significant differences between the two groups of banks.
Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kenaikan dan Penuruna Sisa Hasil Usaha (SHU) Koperasi Syariah
Authors: Niswah Farokhah Muzayinatun , Septiarini Dina Fitrisia
Published: October 2020

The pupose of this research is to determines the effects of own equity, assets and financing income as the factors of increase and decrease in cooperative surplus on KJKS Ben Iman Lamongan.The approach used in this study is the quantitative approach. Data analysis techniques used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The sampling method used in this study is purposive sampling, the sample is KJKS Ben Iman Lamongan. The author uses secondary data from monthly reports of balance sheet and the calculation surplus of operations of the period January 2014 to December 2016.The results of this study are own equity and assets partially no significant effect on the cooperative surplus distribution, financing income partially significant affect the cooperative surplus distribution and own equity, assets and financing income simultaneously affect the cooperative surplus distribution amounted to 93.13% while the rest 6,87% determined by othervariables.
Kinerja Portofolio Optimal Pada Saham Syariah
Authors: Mutmainah Mutmainah , Mawardi Imron
Published: October 2020

This study wants to describe whether an optimal portfolio which was formed in 2013-2015 it was good in 2016 compared to the performance of Jakarta Islamic Index and described as it is. The formation of the portfolio using single index model and the performance is measured by using the Sharpe index. This research is quantitative descriptive research. This research uses secondary data, carried out on the stock consistently at the Jakarta Islamic Index in January 2013-July 2016. Based on data, there were 18 shares actively and four stocks forming optimal portfolio composed of AKRA, TLKM, ICBP, and UNVR. Optimal portfolio performance in 2016 was 0,720 while the performance of the market was 0,676. With the results showed that it formed a good portfolio because the result was higher than the market. So investors or investment managers can make this portfolio as investment considerations.
Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Terhadap Return On Asset Pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia Periode Q1.2013 - Q4.2014
Authors: Muhanik Umi , Septiarini Dina Fitrisia
Published: October 2020

ROA) sharia banks Q1.2013 - Q4.2014 period. The method used is quantitative method with jenuh sampling technique. This study uses 11 Islamic banks and the technique used is the panel data regression. The process of calculating this study using Eviews 8.0 program. Independent variables used Intellectual Capital is VACA, VAHU, STVA and dependent variables use Return on Assets (ROA). The data used is secondary data with the collected data quarterly financial report for the period Q1.2013 – Q4.2014.Hypothesis testing is done using simultaneous significance test (F test) and partial significance test (t test). Panel data analysis conducted showed that simultaneous VACA, VAHU, STVA significant effect on ROA while partial VACA no significant effect on ROA, VAHU significant effect on ROA, STVA no significant effect on ROA.
Pengaruh Kepemilikan Manajerial, Proporsi Dewan Komisaris, Independensi
Authors: Nantyah Idzal Dwi , Laila Nisful
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of good corporate governance,growth of sales, and firm size on ROE of BUMN firm that listed ISSI Period 2011-2014. The method used is quantitative method with panel data regression techniques. The data used is secondary data by collecting data annual financial statements of BUMN firms that listed in ISSI period 2011-2014. Panel data regression conducted showed that managerial ownership (X1) negative and significant impact on ROE, the proportion of commissioners positive and significant impact on ROE (X2), the independence of audit committee (X3) negative and significant impact on ROE, growth of sales (X4) positive and significant impact on ROE, firm size (X5) positive and significant impact on ROE as well as managerial ownership, the proportion of commissioners, the independence of audit committee, growth of sales, and firm size simultaneously affect ROE of BUMN firms period 2011-2014.
Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Pasar dan Perilaku Pasar Terhadap Kinerja Pasar Pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia dan Malaysia Tahun 2011-2015
Authors: Revida Rachma , Septiarini Dina Fitrisia
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of market concentration, market share, and OEOR on profitability in Islamic Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia in 2011 – 2015 using the paradigm of structure, conduct, and performance. The samples of the study consisted of a total 11 Islamic banks in Indonesia and 16 Islamic banks in Malaysia. The analysis technique use in this study was panel data regression using Eviews 7.0 programme. The independence variables of the study were market concentration ratio Herfindahl-Hirchman index), market share, and OEOR, while the dependent variable was the return of asset (ROA). The results of this study indicate that market concentration and market share variables not significantly affect the ROA of Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia, while the OEOR variable has significant effect to the ROA of Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia.
Perbandingan Kinerja Reksadana Syariah dan Pasar JII Menggunakan Metode Treynor (Studi Kasus Reksadana Saham Syariah, Reksadana Syariah Pendapatan Tetap dan Reksadana Syariah Pendapatan Campuran Periode 2011-2015)
Authors: Rahma Sarah Aulia , Prasetyo Ari
Published: October 2020

This research aims to find out the comparison between the performance of Islamic mutual funds of stock, Islamic mutual funds of fixed income and combined Islamic mutual funds with the market (Jakarta Islamic Index) as benchmark by using Treynor method. The method of this measuring calculates upon the risk factors and the return rate of those three kinds of Islamic mutual fund and benchmark. This research uses 21 samples of Islamic mutual fund in Indonesia which consist of seven Islamic mutual funds of stock, seven Islamic mutual funds of fixed income and seven combined Islamic mutual. The approach used is a quantitative approach with the analysis technique of ANOVA. The result of this study shows that there is no difference between the performances of Islamic mutual funds of stock, Islamic mutual funds of fixed income, combined Islamic mutual funds and the market onperiod of January 2011 until December 2015.
Pengaruh Guncangan Kebijakan Moneter dan Variabel Makro Terhadap Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) Bank Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Adim Mohammad Abdul , Sukmana Raditya
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of monetary policy shocks and macro variables towards Islamic banks deposits. The method that used in this researc his quantitative method and also using secondary data which obtained from financial reports and other reports started from 2005 until the end of 2015. Analysis technique used is Johansen Cointegration and Vector Autoregressive (VAR). The result are monetary policy shocks have affect significant on deposits Islamic banks in long run and short run. Furthermore, variables macroeckonomic like GDP and CPI have effect significant on deposits in Islamic banks. interestingly, the money supply in the long run have significant effect on Islaimc banks deposits, but in the short run does not have a significant effect on the deposits of Islamic banks.
Perbedaan Efisiensi Perusahaan Asuransi Jiwa Syariah dan Konvensional di Indonesia Dengan Metode Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Authors: Astuti Yurike Fitria , Suprayogi Noven
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine and comparing the level of operational efficiency of Islamic Life Insurance and Conventional Life Insurance in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative non-parametric approach With Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) CRS and VRS assumption, and a statistical tool Mann-Whitney U-Test. The samples are 13 Islamic Insurance and 5 Conventional Insurance that comply with the specified sample criteria. During 2010 to 2014, the relative average value of Islamic Life Insurance and Conventional Life Insurance with VRS assumption more efficient than CRS assumption. This indicates that in relative terms, the source of operational inefficiency is not effective on the efficiency scale. While the hypothesis test results showed no significant differences in levels of operational efficiency in both groups the data by CRS assumptions and VRS.
Masalah Pendayagunaan Wakaf Tunai Bidang Pendidikan Pada Baitul Maal Hidayatullah Surabaya
Authors: Ali Abdurrofiil , Zaki Irham
Published: October 2020

A nation with moslem majority has a potential funding and its collection has a solutive way in educational field. Baitul. The researcher chooses cash wakaf because there is still a little researcher studies about cash wakaf and choosing Baitul Maal Hidayatullah Surabaya is because this institution is still rarely chosen, especially the one in Surabaya. The research uses qualitative approach. The informant is decided by using purposive sampling, they are nadzhir, wakif and mauquf ‘alaih with six number of total informants. The analyzing technique used is qualitative model analysis by Yin.The result of the research concludes that utilizing cash wakaf funding done by BMH is distributed to all BMH programs, one of which is in Educational field. The program of cash wakaf in BMH can be achieved by the success of utilizing cash wakaf in educational field.
Response of Duffing's Oscillator to Harmonic Base Excitation and Significance of First Order Term
Authors: Divya K. , Renji K.
Published: October 2020

Responses of systems with nonlinear stiffness subjected to base harmonic excitation are determined. An expression to estimate the amplitude in the fundamental frequency of oscillation is derived from first principles using Lindstedt's method. It is observed that the amplitude determined using the zero order approximation is in error at low frequencies. Therefore, an expression for the first order approximation of the amplitude of response at the fundamental frequency is derived. Zero order and first order approximation terms together form the response. Characteristics showing the variation of the amplitude with the excitation frequency for various nonlinear spring parameters are presented. The issue at low frequencies is resolved by the incorporation of the first order term. An expression for the phase difference and the expression of the asymptote where the responses converge are also derived.
Experimental Investigation of Piezoelectric Micropumps with Single, Series or Parallel Pump Chambers
Authors: Guan Yanfang , Bai Mingyang , Meng Xiangxin , Liu Yansheng , Xu Fengqian
Published: October 2020

Three types of piezoelectric micropumps following different configurations: single, series, and parallel connection, are developed and investigated. All the micropumps are fabricated by wet etching technology and sealed by high temperature glass bonding. They share the same dimension characteristic of diffuser/nozzle microchannels. Verifying the impact of adding series or parallel connected pump chambers on single chambers, as well as verifying the performance of the flow rate, pressure and piezoelectric transducer vibration of three micropumps have been examined. Through the comparisons between three kinds of micropumps, the results show that the flow rate of the micropumps with parallel connected pump chambers have a higher flow rate than that of micropumps with single and serial connected pump chambers under the same driving conditions. In addition, both the flow rate and pressure with the serial micropump are the lowest. The pressure of the micropump with single pump chamber is larger than other kinds of micropumps at certain driving frequencies. Consequently, increasing the pump chambers cannot always increase the performance of the micropump. This coincides with the theory analysis. Finally, the vibration performance of piezoelectric transducers with three micropumps have been carried out. The parallel transducer has a higher vibration displacement than the other two kinds of micropumps. These results have great potentials for integration into labs with a chip or microfluidic driven systems.
PERAN ACCOUNT OFFICER DI LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARI’AH (Studi Kasus di BMT Citra Mandiri Syari’ah Jepara)
Authors: Riyadi Fuad , Wahyuni Sri
Published: October 2020

 Account officer has a very important role. This role will affect the level of profit earned by a financial institution. This is because the handler of transactions that occur between the customer and the Financial Institution is in the hands of the account officer. This study aims to analyze the role of account officer in BMT Citra Mandiri Syariah in Jepara. The research data were collected through interviews with the respondents. The results of this study indicate that the role of account officer especially in BMT Citra Mandiri Syariah Jepara is very important. This role can ultimately affect the level of profit to be gained. This is because the role of account officer who handles transactions between customers with financial institutions, including the process of financing problem settlement. In the long run the role of account officer can affect the level of cutomer loyalty.

Keywords:role,account officer,loyalty
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ridwan Murtadho
Published: October 2020

The development of sharia banking and finance institutions is so fast,but in terms of laws and regulatory regulations are still left behind. Among the regulations that still need to be addressed is the regulation related to the settlement of dispute sharia banking business. Where in this case there are still juridical problems, namely the dualism of judicial authority in the settlement of Islamic banking disputes. The result of the study shows that the settlement of Islamic banking dispute in Indonesia can be done through two lines, both litigation and nonlitigation channels. Religious Courts are the competent jurisdiction to resolve Islamic banking disputes on litigation channels, while through non-litigation channels can be done through deliberation, banking mediation, shariah arbitration and judiciary within the General Courts. The National Shariah Arbitration Board (BASYARNAS) is the most strategic forum for resolving the dispute over sharia banking because BASYARNAS can resolve disputes quickly, simply, and at a low cost. Keywords:sharia,dispute,jurisdiction,litigation
KOMPLEKSITAS MODEL BISNIS ADAPTIF BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL DAN JARINGAN BISNIS INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Mubarok Muhammad Husni
Published: October 2020

This paper develops a complexity of adaptive business modelson digital technology and international business network towards a sustainable competitive advantage. Furthermore, this paper aims to integrated the concept of adaptive organizational design with complex business models based on digital technology and and international business network. Adaptive organization design should change consistently with changing technological, ecological, economic, social, digital technology and international business networks.Theoretical basis of the concept of business model and relate it to elements of business model, digital technology and international business network. The complexity of adaptive business models based on digital technology emphasizes the importance of building change, international business networks, developing complex and adaptive organizations for innovation in achieving sustainable competitive advantage. Keywords:complexity,adaptive,technology
Etika Profesi Dewan Pengawas Syariah
Authors: Syai'in Syai'in
Published: October 2020

Among distinction between conventional banking and Islamic banking is the organizational structure. At Islamic banking and other islamic financial institutions  should have a sharia supervisory board. The Shari'ah supervisory board is located in the central office and its function is to oversee the business activities of the bank in accordance with the principles of shari'ah. In carrying out its functions, the Shari'a supervisory board must follow the DSN fatwa.

In the early days, members of the DPS banking were only proposed by the bank institution to DSN-MUI to obtain a decree as a ligality of their membership. Therefore at that time the syari'ah bank to propose candidates for the Shari'ah supervisory board simply chose someone who became a religious leader, cleric and ulama in the place of work of the bank.

After issuing the DSN-MUI Decree No. 02 of 2000, DPS membership is made an extension of the DSN whose legality is improved in the membership mechanism through competency testing, which is in the DSN Language to attend "invitation to prospective DPS member friendship". Members of the Shari'ah Supervisory Board will get DSN certification if it has been considered to meet the standards set.
Karakteristik Pembiayaan dan Non Performing Finance Perbankan Syariah 2015–2018
Authors: Putra Rosyid Nur Anggara
Published: October 2020

Each type of contract in financing in a Sharia Bank has different
characteristics. This can not be separated from the type of transaction used in
financing. This study aims to analyze the effect of financing characteristics
based on the contract in the distribution of funds, namely: mudharabah
financing, musyarakah financing, murabahah financing and qardh loans to
financing risk which is proxied by the ratio of non-performing finance (NPF).
The research is a quantitative associative study with the object of a sharia
commercial bank in Indonesia. The sampling technique used a purposive
sampling technique where the number of samples analyzed was 66 consisting
of 11 Islamic Commercial Banks with the period 2011-2016. The analysis
shows that mudharabah financing has a positive effect on NPF, murabahah
financing has a negative effect on NPF. While musyarakah and qardhul hasan
financing does not affect the NPF ratio.
Hidden Components of Microbiome Diversity Revealed by Cell Wall Lysis with Adaptive Focused Acoustics
Authors: Sen Shurjo Kumar , Wallace Giselle F. , Ahluwalia Sonia , Thovarai Vishal , Laugharn James , Khoja Hamid
Published: October 2020

Within the rapidly evolving field of microbiome sequencing, a primary need exists for experimentally capturing microbiota in a manner as close as possible to their in vivo composition. During microbiome profiling, the first step necessarily involves lysis of the cell wall, releasing nucleic acids for next-generation sequencing. Microbial cell wall thicknesses can vary between 5nm to 80nm; while some species are quite easy to lyse, others are particularly resistant to lysis. Despite this, current chemical/mechanical lysis protocols ignore the possibility that species with different cell wall thicknesses are lysed at differential rates. This creates noise in species compositions and possibly skews current microbiome results in ways that are not currently understood. To develop a cell wall thickness-agnostic lysis protocol, we used Adaptive Focused Acoustics (AFA), a tunable acoustic methodology for processing of biological samples. Using identical aliquots of mouse stool homogenate as the lysis substrate, we compared AFA with chemical/mechanical lysis methodology routinely used in microbiome studies and found that AFA-mediated lysis substantially increases both microbial DNA yield as well as alpha and beta diversity. By starting with lower AFA energy levels, sequentially removing aliquots at each step, and subjecting the remainder to progressively stronger AFA treatment, we developed a sequential lysis method that accounts for differences in cell wall thickness. This method revealed even greater levels of diversity than single-timepoint AFA treatment. 16S sequencing results from the above experiments were verified by shotgun metagenome sequencing of a subset of the AFA samples. We found that lysis-induced noise affects not just species compositions, but also functional characterization of shotgun metagenome data. AFA samples also showed a higher detection of eukaryotic and fungal DNA. We suggest that AFA-mediated lysis produces a truer representation of the native microbiota, and that this method deserves consideration as a potential addition to microbiome lysis protocols.
Global Analysis of SARS-COV-2 Mitigation Impact Reveals an Arabian Peninsula Cluster with High Infection Rates and Shared Indicators
Authors: Halabi Najeeb , Chamseddine Reem S. , Rammah Mayyasa , Griette Quentin , Malik Rayaz , Chouchane Lotfi , Magal Pierre , Tabrizi Jeremie Arash Rafii
Published: October 2020

Background SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus that appeared in China in November 2019 and spread rapidly. With no vaccine or effective treatment, countries have adopted different mitigation measures to reduce SARS-COV-2 spread with different efficacy.MethodsWe mapped the impact of mitigation measures across different countries. We compared regional SARS-COV-2 population burden via Kruskal-Wallis statistical testing. We analyzed time of adoption of mitigation measures and the impact of PCR testing on mitigation impact. We analyzed the association of climate, health, demographic and economic indicators with mitigation impact via non-parametric correlation tests. We performed mechanistic modelling of to predict short-term SARS-COV-2 case numbers in selected countries. ResultsMany countries showed a reduction of infection rates within one month of implementing mitigation measures. However, we identified a geographic cluster of countries centered on the Arabian Peninsula (AP) that show a high SARS-COV-2 population burden despite early adoption of mitigation measures. We find that higher air pollution levels (p=0.01), higher CO2 emissions (p=0.03) and younger population (p=0.02) were associated with reduced mitigation impact in AP countries. We also show that mechanistic modelling can closely predict confirmed case numbers in the short term.ConclusionsThe impact of mitigation measures varies greatly between countries. Countries with similar profiles as AP countries should adopt more stringent mitigation measures to more rapidly reduce SARS-CoV-2 spread. Specific interventions targeting young people may also be effective in reducing SARS-COV-2 spread.
Comparative Analysis of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Seedling Transcriptomes Reveals Genotype-specific Drought Tolerance Mechanisms
Authors: Ma Qiaoli , Xu Xing , Xie Yingzhong , Wang Wenjing , Zhao Lijuan , Ma Dongmei
Published: October 2020

BackgroundDrought is one of the main abiotic factors that affect alfalfa yield. The identification of genes that control this complex trait can provide important insights for alfalfa breeding. However, little is known about how alfalfa responds and adapts to drought stress, particularly in cultivars of differing drought tolerance. ResultsIn this study, the drought-tolerant cultivar Dryland ‘DT’ and the drought-sensitive cultivar WL343HQ ‘DS’ were used to characterize leaf and root physiological responses and transcriptional changes in response to water deficit. Under drought stress, Dryland roots (DTR) showed more differentially expressed genes than WL343HQ roots (DSR), whereas WL343HQ leaves (DSL) showed more differentially expressed genes than Dryland leaves (DTL). Many of these genes were involved in stress-related pathways, carbohydrate metabolism, and lignin and wax biosynthesis, which may have improved the drought tolerance of alfalfa. We also observed that several genes related to ABA metabolism, root elongation, peroxidase activity, cell membrane stability, ubiquitination, and genetic processing responded to drought stress in alfalfa. We highlighted several candidate genes, including sucrose synthase, xylan 1,4-beta-xylosidase, primary-amine oxidase, and alcohol-forming fatty acyl-CoA reductase, for future studies on drought stress resistance in alfalfa and other plant species. ConclusionsIn summary, our results reveal the unique drought adaptation and resistance characteristics of two alfalfa genotypes. These findings, which may be valuable for drought resistance breeding, warrant further gene functional analysis to augment currently available information and to clarify the drought stress regulatory mechanisms of alfalfa and other plants.
Effect of Periampullary Diverticulum on Biliary Flora and the Formation of Common Bile Duct Stone
Authors: Hou Senlin , Wang Hao , Zhang Lichao , Yu Tingting , Qiao Zhanying
Published: October 2020

Background: Bile duct stone is closely related to periampullary diverticulum, but it is not clear whether the formation of it was affected by the diverticulum through the biliary flora. To explore the diversity and correlation of biliary and intestinal flora in the patients with choledocholithiasis and the effects of periampullary diverticulum on the flora and bile duct stone. Methods: Bile and intestinal fluid were collected from patients with primary common bile duct stones, and then divided into diverticulum group and none- diverticulum group according to the presence or absence of paravertebral diverticula, DNA of these samples was extracted and a bacterial gene library was constructed, and related bioinformatics analysis was performed after high-throughput sequencing to obtain the bacterial components and community structure of the sample. Result: A total of 3001,613 valid sequences were obtained, with an average of 136436.95±3696.842 sequences, which were classified into 6021 ASV/OUT. Alpha diversity analysis showed that the species richness and diversity in the diverticulum group were lower than those in the nondiverticulum group. According to the species annotation results, the advantage bacterium group of the bile is Proteobacteria (BG 80.41%, Bg 70.95%), and advantage bacterium group of the intestinal fluid is Firmicutes and Proteobacteria (BG 89.39%, Bg 74.11%). A large proportion of Enterobacter was found in bile. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Streptococcus and other bacteria closely related to stone formation have been found. The proportion of E. coli in the diverticulum group was increased and due to the existence of the diverticulum Enterobacteria in the bile were increased and more complex. The bacteria that produce Betaglucuronidase are found to be increased in bile. Due to the influence of the periampullary diverticulum, the intestinal flora will be changed and then the biliary flora will also change. Conclusion: The existence of periampullary diverticulum will affect the biliary tract flora and lead to the increase of bacteria related to stone formation, which will affect the formation of choledocholithiasis and make it easier for choledocholithiasis to form.
The Determinant of Health Insurance Ownership Among Pregnant Women in Indonesia
Authors: Laksono Agung Dwi , Wulandari Ratna Dwi , Matahari Ratu
Published: October 2020

Background: Health insurance is one indicator of the readiness of pregnant women for the delivery process. The study was aimed at analyzing the determinants of health insurance ownership among pregnant women in Indonesia.Methods: The study involved 2,542 pregnant women in Indonesia. The variables analyzed included type of place of residence, age group, education level, employment status, marital status, parity, wealth status, and know the danger signs of pregnancy. Determination of determinant by binary logistic regression.Results: The results show that pregnant women with higher education were 3.349 times more likely than no education pregnant women to have health insurance. Pregnant women with wealth status in the middle category were 0.679 times more likely than the poorest pregnant women to have health insurance. Meanwhile, the richest pregnant women had 1.358 times more chances than the poorest pregnant women to have health insurance. Grande multiparous pregnant women were 1.544 times more likely than primiparous pregnant women to have health insurance. Pregnant women who know the danger signs of pregnancy were 1.416 times more likely than pregnant women who don't know the danger signs of pregnancy. Conclusions: It concluded that 4 variables were proven as determinants of health insurance ownership in Indonesia. The four variables were education level, wealth status, parity, and know the danger signs of pregnancy.
Perceptions of Risk of Attending Hospital During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A UK Public Opinion Survey
Authors: Pritchard Rebecca , Brady Emer M , Chudasama Yogini V , Davies Melanie J , McCann Gerry P
Published: October 2020

Background: To inform clinical and research practice in secondary care in the COVID-19 pandemic, we consulted patients and the public on their feelings of safety, factors affecting feelings of safety, intention to participate in research, attitudes to research and comfort with new ways of working in order to inform secondary care policy on restarting research and some clinical activity. Method: An online survey was used to collect public opinions on attending hospitals. The survey link was circulated via the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Involvement (PPI) Leads network and social media. Results: 402 people completed the survey. Participant age ranged from 18-85+, with the majority (337 [84%]) aged 35-74. There was a higher number of women (77%) compared to men (23%); and participants were mainly White European (91%) compared to Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) (6%), or other (2%).Results for feelings of safety scales show bi-polarity, with few respondents in the middle ground. Implementation of COVID-19 related safety measures such as social distancing, use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and cleaning were strongly supported by most respondents. There was ambivalence around less certain measures such as staff antigen and antibody testing. Respondents were most likely to participate in research related to their own condition, COVID-19 and vaccine, but less likely to participate as healthy volunteers, especially female participants, and those suffering from a pre-existing comorbidity identified with increased risk. There was general agreement that participants are comfortable with new ways of working, such as remote consultation, though women and BAME respondents were less comfortable.Conclusions: Findings raise concerns for health inequalities already impacting some groups during the pandemic. The roles of clinical necessity and personal benefit support the reopening of services in line with clinical necessity. Moderate caution in respect of vaccine research relative to patient-participant research presents a challenge for pending recruitment demands. This area would benefit from qualitative research to explore themes and concerns in more depth and support development and targeting of key messaging.
Riedel's Thyroiditis Within an Elderly Patient Revealed by Tracheal Compression: A Case of Report
Authors: Traore Zie Ahmed Cheick , Aman N'guiessan Alphonse , Coulibaly Zana Ismael , Koffi Kouadio Donatien , Toure Ibrahiman , Kouyaté Mohamed , N’dah Justin Kouame
Published: October 2020

Background : Riedel's thyroiditis (RT) is a rare fibrosclerotic disease that affects the thyroid gland and surrounding tissues. The etiology is unknown, and it rarely affects the elderly.Case Presentation : A 56-year-old man, with no particular medical history, was seen in consultation at the Surgery Department of the Treichville Teaching University Hospital for a painless swelling of the anterior base of the neck. Physical examination showed a patient with inspiratory dyspnea probably due to tracheal compression. The patient underwent a subtotal thyroidectomy because of the clinical symptomatology and the persistence of dyspnea. Macroscopically, the thyroid mass was well-encapsulated, weighed 80g, and measured 10 cm x 5 cm x 2 cm. After section, we observed whitish fibrous nodules associated with pinkish-brownish band. Histologically, the architecture of thyroid tissue was restructured by dense and diffuse collagenous fibrosis in which rare atrophic thyroid vesicles were found. The fibrous areas were infiltrated by inflammatory elements, including lymphocytes, plasmocytes, and eosinophilic polynuclear cells. No malignant cells were found. Masson's trichrome staining confirmed the fibrous nature of the thyroid tissue, which is essential for the certain diagnosis of Riedel's thyroiditis. There was no postoperative complication Conclusion: Riedel's thyroiditis is a rare disease that is difficult to diagnose preoperatively despite advances in imaging and fine needle cytology screening methods. Histological examination of the sample confirms the diagnosis of Riedel's thyroiditis. Thyroidectomy is indicated in patients with compression symptoms. Clinicians should suspect Riedel's thyroiditis in patients with a hard thyroid mass with compressive symptoms, despite its rarity.
Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis of HBeAg-Negative Patients in the Grey Zone
Authors: Yao Renling , Wang Jian , Wei Jie , Yan Xiaomin , Chen Yuxin , Xia Juan , Yang Yue , Yao Kefang , Wu Weihua , Liu Yong , Liu Jiacheng , Zhang Zhaoping , Ding Weimao , Huang Rui , Wu Chao
Published: October 2020

Background Few studies have reported the disease severity of HBeAg negative patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the grey zone (GZ). This study aimed to investigate the degree of liver injury in the HBeAg negative GZ patients. Methods One hundred and thirty-two treatment-naïve HBeAg negative GZ patients with HBV DNA ≥ 2,000 IU/ml and ALT < 80 U/L who underwent liver biopsy were included. Liver histology was evaluated using the Scheuer classification system. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors of significant liver inflammation and fibrosis. Results The median age of patients was 43.0 years and the median levels of HBV DNA was 4.3 log10 IU/mL. The majority of patients (65.2%) were male. The distributions of liver fibrosis stages of patients were as follows: S0, 7 (5.3%); S1, 44 (33.3%); S2, 32 (24.2%); S3, 20 (15.2%); and S4, 29 (22.0%). The distributions of liver inflammation grades were: G0, 0 (0%); G1, 40 (30.3%); G2, 65 (49.2%); G3, 32 (24.2%); and G4, 20 (15.2%). The serum AST (1.051, 95%CI 1.008-1.096, P=0.019) and HBV DNA (1.579, 95%CI 1.023-2.438, P=0.039) levels were independently risk factors of significant liver fibrosis. The serum AST (1.072, 95%CI 1.023-1.124, P=0.004) was the only independently risk factor of significant liver inflammation. Serum HBV DNA and AST had moderate accuracy of predicting significant liver fibrosis and inflammation. Conclusion Substantial patients exhibited significant liver injury in HBeAg negative GZ patients. High HBV DNA and AST levels were two independent risk factors of significant liver injury.
Therapeutic Monitoring of Adalimumab at Non-Trough Levels to Gauge Its Efficacy in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Clinical Practice
Authors: Masaichi Kato , Sugimoto Ken , Kentaro Ikeya , Ryosuke Takano , Ai Matsuura , Miyazu Takahiro , Ishida Natsuki , Tamura Satoshi , Tani Shinya , Yamade Mihoko , Hamaya Yasushi , Iwaizumi Moriya , Osawa Satoshi , Furuta Takahisa , Hiroyuki Hanai
Published: October 2020

Background: Adalimumab (ADA) trough level and anti-ADA antibody (AAA) positivity could influence mucosal healing and loss of response in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to clarify the correlation between ADA monitoring, including non-trough level and real-world IBD clinical outcomes.Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-center study included 19 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 33 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) treated with ADA from January 2007 to August 2018. Serum ADA and AAA levels were measured 4‒14 days after ADA administration.Results: The AAA positivity rate was 23.1% (12/52). The ADA continuity was higher in the AAA-negative group than in the AAA-positive group (P = 0.223). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that a serum AAA cut-off value of 9.2 µg/mL was associated with ADA continuity (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.767, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.636–0.899). The ADA level was significantly higher in the endoscopic remission group than in the non-remission group (12.4 vs. 6.4 µg/mL, P = 0.02). Based on the ROC curve analysis results of serum ADA level and endoscopic remission, the cut-off value of serum ADA level was set to 11.1 µg/mL (AUC: 0.716, 95% CI: 0.533–0.900).Conclusions: Regardless of infliximab administration history, under combined use of ADA with immunomodulators and AAA positivity, ADA continuity was significantly higher when the serum AAA level 4–14 days after ADA administration was ≥9.2 µg/mL. Furthermore, endoscopic remission can be expected with a serum ADA level of ≥11.1 µg/mL.
Prediction of Severe Cisplatin-Induced Neutropenia Using Serum Albumin Concentration: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Nakazawa Yusuke , Kageyama Akira , Kitamura Masaki , Mitsumori Norio , Kawakubo Takashi
Published: October 2020

Background: Hypoalbuminemia may occur in patients with gastric cancer because of reduced food intake and gastric dysfunction. Cisplatin that is used in the treatment of gastric cancer not only has gastrointestinal side effects but also has a high serum protein-bound fraction, which causes alteration in pharmacokinetics, especially reduction of serum albumin concentration that may increase the risk of cisplatin-induced neutropenia. Hence, alteration of serum albumin concentration poses a major safety issue during anticancer therapy. We examined whether fluctuations in serum albumin concentration is a risk factor for predicting the development of severe neutropenia.Methods: This retrospective study included patients with gastric cancer undergoing cisplatin plus S-1 combination therapy to analyze their serum albumin concentration and the frequency of grade 3–4 neutropenia. We then investigated the relationship between the serum albumin concentration before cisplatin administration in the treatment course during which the neutrophil count reached nadir and the neutrophil count fluctuation after cisplatin administration.Results: Grades 3–4 and 0–2 neutropenia developed in 24 and 48 patients, with a mean serum albumin concentration of 3.60 ± 0.54 and 3.77 ± 0.51 g/dL, respectively, before chemotherapy (P = 0.23). During chemotherapy when the neutrophil count reached nadir, the serum albumin concentration levels before cisplatin administration were 3.39 ± 0.60 and 3.85 ± 0.59 g/dL, respectively; the grade 3–4 neutropenia group had a significantly lower concentration of serum albumin than the grade 0–2 neutropenia group (P = 0.006). Lower serum albumin concentrations before cisplatin administration were significantly correlated with a decrease in neutrophil count after cisplatin administration (r = 0.463, P < 0.001). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, patients with serum albumin concentrations below 3.25 g/dL before cisplatin administration exhibited a significantly higher incidence of grade 3–4 neutropenia (odds ratio: 4.33). Conclusions: The risk of cisplatin-induced neutropenia is significantly high in patients with hypoalbuminemia. Thus, serum albumin concentration should be evaluated before cisplatin administration to anticipate the development of severe neutropenia.
Evaluation of Vital Signs’ Fluctuations and Behavioral Responses in the Assessment of Pain in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: ghanbari atefeh , Paryad Ezzat , safati Arefe , Leyli Ehsan Kazemnezhad , Parsasalkisari Elaheh
Published: October 2020

BackgroundTraumatic brain-injured (TBI) patients suffer severe pain. The assessment of behavioral responses and vital signs seems to be necessary for pain detection in these patients, a matter that this study aims to evaluate.MethodsThis cross sectional study uses repeated measures and included ninety-seven TBI patients from Poorsina hospital, Rasht, Iran. Patients’ relevant parameters were recorded using demographic checklist, specifications related to the disease, RASS, CPOT, and FPT tools. The data subsequently were entered into SPSS software V. 21 and were analyze using several tests including Bonferroni’s inferential test and Greenhouse-Geisser test, multiple analysis regression coefficient and general linear model by GEE method.ResultsThe average age of patients was 42.3 ± 18.2. The average consciousness level was 9.30 ± 2.96. There was significant difference between the painful and non-painful stimulations in heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p <0.001). Heart rate (p < 0.001, r = 0.253), number of respiration (p < 0.001, r = 0.173), systolic (p = 0.002, r = 0.128) and diastolic (p<0.001, r=0.223) blood pressures had a positive correlation with behavioral responses. However, the arterial oxygen saturation showed a negative correlation with behavioral responses (p < 0.001, r = -0.361). Statistical models demonstrated a significant direct relationship between CPOT with heart rate (β = 2.39, p < 0.001) and both systolic blood pressure (β= 1.31, p=0.002) and the fluctuations of diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.690, p = 0.009). ConclusionIt seems that behavioral responses are appropriate indices for pain detection. However, vital signs are not capable of being considered as proper indexes for pain assessment since they changed during several procedures while remained unchanged in other tests.