bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the atmosphere on the spread of laser radiation
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Sovyn Ya. R.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of protecting information from being read by an optoelectronic channel by studying the influence of atmospheric parameters on the spread of laser radiation. The paper considers key aspects of radiation attenuation due to scattering and absorption by air gases and aerosol particles. It is shown that the efficiency of the probing laser beam depends on extreme climatic conditions, and due to scattering and absorption, the power of the laser beam will decrease as it spreads through the atmosphere. Taking into account the peculiarities of the passage of a laser beam through the atmosphere and the influence of various types of interference on the probing signal, it is possible to predict its attenuation and blocking, namely, for reading confidential speech information, lasers with radiation located in the parts of the atmospheric spectrum occupied by wide windows of transparency should be taken for the appropriate weather conditions; to protect information from being read by an optoelectronic channel, it is necessary to use parameters of the external environment that prevent direct access of the laser beam to the object of information. The presented author's vision of research into the influence of the atmosphere on the spread of laser radiation will allow us to apply the results, ideas, and proposals summarized in this article to solve current problems in the field of information protection.
Analysis of the structure of an intellectual information system based on the concept of functional stability
Authors:   The National Defence University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Myroniuk M. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The development of modern society requires intensive development of information technologies with a high degree of autonomy. This issue is especially acute for production enterprises that operate under the influence of destabilizing factors. In this work, research on the property of functional stability continues. Functional stability means the property of an information system to maintain its functioning, possibly with a decrease in quality, during the specified time under the influence of external and internal destabilizing factors. External and internal destabilizing factors mean failures, failures of system modules, mechanical damage, thermal effects, errors of service personnel. The main stages of ensuring functional stability are the detection of the module that failed during control, the diagnosis of the module that failed, and the restoration of the functioning of the intelligent information system. A feature of intelligent information systems is that they must function autonomously. With their help, it is possible to ensure an increase in the labor productivity of all production centers while reducing the number of people employed in production. The purpose of the work is to build a mathematical apparatus for quantitative assessment of the functional stability of the data exchange system of the intelligent information system. In addition, this article shows the advantages of using quantitative methods of assessing functional stability based on such indicators as the limit and margin of functional stability. On the basis of these assessments, recommendations can be made for building an intelligent information system. In addition, the evaluation data will help to more clearly formulate the requirements for the structure of the intelligent information system, which will be designed for uninterrupted data transmission.
Research on software and hardware for the implementation of virtual reality technology
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Reznichenko I. V.
Published: April 2024

Virtual reality (VR) technology is rapidly entering the life space of humanity. Modern VR is not only entertainment and games. This technology is used in education, marketing, medicine, and the military industry, which gives a great impetus to its further development. With the help of this technology, it is possible to change the ways of communication between people, using all the charms of the virtual world. This article is devoted to the problem of studying various software and hardware tools for the implementation of virtual reality, in particular, as an example, the development of a VR application for the organization of personal computer maintenance training is presented. The article substantiates the relevance of the research, reviews scientific and methodical literature on the implementation of VR in various spheres of society. The existing software and hardware components of virtual reality technology, tools and frameworks are described. A comparative analysis of the created VR simulators for training in computer maintenance was conducted, their characteristics were presented, which made it possible to improve some operations in the developed application: the process of assembling computer components was detailed. The Unity game engine was used to develop this training, as it is quite simple and cross-platform. Processing of 3D models was carried out with the help of the «Blender» program. The C# programming language was used for development. The application was developed for the Oculus Quest 2 glasses, so the Oculus Integration SDK was used. After writing the project, a build was created for the «Android» platform, which is a file with the «apk» extension that can be installed on the end device. The main types of interaction are represented using a UML diagram of use cases. Currently, the following training tasks are implemented in the application: replacing the BIOS battery, RAM, applying thermal paste to the processor. In the further stages of development, it is planned to add other maintenance tasks, thereby expanding the functionality of the application. This application can be used in the educational process for students of the field of «Information Technologies» .
Efficiency of using IAM system at the enterprise
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Baklykov M. I.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the problems on a common enterprise that does not have an Identity and Access Management system and describes the benefits which the implementation an IAM system can provide. The main components are listed and the technologies used in IAM systems are described. Effectivity of using an IAM system at the enterprise and the first steps for its implementation are analyzed. Questions that need to be answered before choosing a particular Identity and Access Management system are listed. The aim of this work is to find a solution that will eliminate the problems described in the article, and especially to optimize the employee accounting process, increase password security, and make it easier to grant access to the corporate resources. The choice of IAM solutions on the market is quite diverse. There are solutions that can be installed on company servers, as well as solutions that can be rented as cloud service (Identity as a Service). You can also build your own IAM system using open-source solutions or developing proprietary software. There are many articles in the Internet describing what Identity and Access Management is and why it is so important to use it. But these articles do not include any practical steps or specific recommendations which IAM system to choose. This article focuses on the practical side of the issue. The implementation an IAM system will accelerate the provision access to the enterprise resources for new employees, increase the security of existing information systems, and simplify the procedure for employees to log in the corporate resources before starting to work with them. Despite the difficulties related with the implementation of IAM systems and the fact that the implementation process can take a long time, the benefits of the result will compensate for all the resources spent on implementation.
UNRAVELING RARE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC SYNDROMES: INSIGHTS AND IMPLICATIONS
Authors:   Altai Regional Cardiology Dispensary, Barnaul, Russia, Rastyagaeva Elena S. , Demchuk Olga V. ,   Altai Regional Cardiology Dispensary, Barnaul, Russia, Sukmanova Irina A. ,   Altai Regional Cardiology Dispensary, Barnaul, Russia; Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a global health concern, often associated with specific clinical and electrocardiographic syndromes. While electrocardiography (ECG) is a crucial diagnostic tool in cardiology, it does not always provide a direct diagnosis or prediction of SCD. However, there are indirect criteria and syndromes that aid in diagnosing complex clinical cases in cardiology. Aim. This study aims to review various electrocardiographic syndromes known to predict sudden cardiac death, drawing from both domestic and foreign literature. Results. Wellens syndrome (WS) is an ECG pattern indicating a high risk of anterior wall myocardial infarction caused by anterior interventricular artery occlusion or critical stenosis. The de Winter pattern is an ECG sign associated with proximal LAD occlusion and the absence of ST segment elevation. Aslanger pattern is linked to coronary artery occlusion in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease, reflecting a combination of inferior MI and diffuse ischemia. Chaterrier's phenomenon (cardiac memory phenomenon) manifests as abnormal T wave inversion during normal sinus rhythm after myocardial electrical stimulation cessation.The Sgarbossa criteria aid in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction in patients with previous left bundle branch block. ECG signs of arrhythmogenic dysplasia of the right ventricle include negative T-waves in leads V1-V3 and an "epsilon" wave in lead V1, reflecting delayed depolarization of the right ventricle. Conclusion. Early recognition of these ECG patterns can aid in secondary prevention of AMI, fatal rhythm disturbances, and SCD, while also preventing overdiagnosis of myocardial ischemia in patients with implanted devices.
TYG INDEX: A NOVEL APPROACH TO DIAGNOSING ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
Authors:   Kuzbass Clinical Emergency Hospital named after M. A. Podgorbunsky, Kemerovo, Russia, Volokitin Evgeny V. , Kyzlasov Pavel S. ,   State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation – Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Bragin-Maltsev Andrey I. ,   Kuzbass Clinical Emergency Hospital named after M. A. Podgorbunsky, Kemerovo, Russia; Kemerovo State Medical University, Kemerovo, Russia
Published: April 2024

Aim. The study aims to assess the degree of significance of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in the diagnosis of erectile function. Materials and Methods. The study involved 120 patients examined from 2021 to 2022 at the Federal State Budgetary Institution State Scientific Center FMBC named after A.I. Burnazyan FMBA of Russia. Patients filled out the International Index of Erectile Function scale, and the TyG index was calculated. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 comprised patients with mild and moderate severity of erectile dysfunction (ED) (n=60), while Group 2 included patients not clinically manifesting ED (reference group) (n=60). The TyG index was analyzed in both groups to determine its relationship with ED. Results. The analysis revealed that the risk of developing ED occurs when the TyG index value exceeds 4.49. Increasing the threshold level to 5.0 was found to be nonsignificant. A TyG index value exceeding 4.49 corresponded to an odds ratio of 114.0 (95% CI 13.7-947.7, z=4.383, p<0.0001), making it a reference value for determining the risk of ED. Conclusions. Currently, widely available methods for diagnosing and assessing the risk of ED, including for treatment decisions, are lacking. The triglyceride/glucose (TyG) index has the potential to serve as a quick and accessible test for this purpose.
EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION IN HIGH-RISK PCI: INSIGHTS FROM CLINICAL CASES
Authors:   Altai Regional Cardiology Dispensary, Barnaul, Russia, Sukmanova Irina A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Smyk Karina S. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Gubarenko Evgeny Yu. ,   Altai Regional Cardiology Dispensary, Barnaul, Russia
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) have become increasingly intricate, particularly considering patient comorbidities. The simultaneous or staged coronary artery stenting in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel coronary artery disease during the index hospitalization has garnered considerable interest. The utilization of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in PCI has notably increased, serving both as an emergency intervention in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and in planned PCI to maintain hemodynamics and organ perfusion. The term "high-risk PCI" has been introduced to denote interventions performed using short-term mechanical circulatory support, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach for patient management. Aim. This study aims to investigate the management approaches for high-risk PCI patients using mechanical circulatory support methods. Materials and Methods. A comprehensive literature review on the management of high-risk PCI patients was conducted. Patients with STEMI who underwent LCA trunk stenting at the bifurcation site using ECMO were selected based on the Barnaul ACCD. Results. Data on ECMO use in high-risk PCI are primarily limited to single-center observational studies or individual clinical cases. In the presented cases, ECMO facilitated successful implementation of complex PCI in patients with STEMI and critical stenoses of large coronary arteries. Indications for routine use of mechanical devices during PCI procedures should be individualized, considering potential benefits and complications. In the cases presented, ECMO use during XRD enabled complete revascularization despite acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock, leading to rapid patient stabilization and discharge in satisfactory condition. Conclusions. Managing high-risk PCI patients necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, requiring collaboration among endovascular surgeons, clinical cardiologists, and cardiac surgeons. Critical aspects in the intensive care unit for these patients are not yet fully understood, emphasizing the need to optimize patient condition pre-procedure, manage concurrent diseases, and ensure adequate postoperative care. The synergy between intensive care specialists and cardiologists can significantly impact treatment outcomes in this clinical context.
METABOLIC SYNDROME: ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, AND MODELING METHODS - A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Zharikov Alexander Yu. , Belokurov Sergey S. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Chudareva Alyona A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia
Published: April 2024

The scientific literature review explores risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, and therapy of metabolic syndrome, along with recreating this pathology in animal models. The global prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with cardiovascular diseases, contributing to increased disability and mortality, underscores the need for innovative prevention and treatment approaches through experimental animal models. Drawing from open literature sources, the authors discuss contemporary approaches to understanding pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and experimental methods for studying metabolic syndrome.
ПРАВО НА СВОБОДУ ТА ОСОБИСТУ НЕДОТОРКАННІСТЬ У КОНТЕКСТІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: ЧИЖОВ Денис
Published: April 2024

Розглянуто конституційне право на свободу та особисту недоторканність у контексті забезпечення національної безпеки. Було сформульовано висновок, що в цілому введення воєнного стану передбачає обмеження конституційних прав та свобод людини і громадянина та прав і законних інтересів юридичних осіб. Водночас для того, щоб визначити правомірність обмеження прав та свобод людини, необхідна наявність правової підстави – введення воєнного стану. Другою правовою підставою для обмеження конкретного права є його пряме закріплення в Указі Президента України «Про введення воєнного стану в Україні» як такого, що може бути обмежено. Щодо права на свободу та особисту недоторканність із положень указу Президента України виходить, що воно не підлягає обмеженню в умовах воєнного стану. Досліджено приклади практики ЄСПЛ щодо тлумачення ст. 5 Конвенції про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод (далі – КЗПЛ). Так, проаналізовано справу «Остін та інші проти Об’єднаного Королівства» (Austin and Others v. the United Kingdom) і справу Енджел та інші проти Нідерландів (Engel and others v. the Netherlands). Водночас в аспекті тлумачення ст. 5 КЗПЛ таких рішень ЄСПЛ набагато більше. Вбачається, що подальший науковий пошук у вигляді дослідження рішень ЄСПЛ щодо забезпечення права на свободу та особисту недоторканність надасть змогу удосконалити національну правозастосовну практику.
Sociocultural health code as a methodological approach to social studies in the field of healthcare
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Suvorov V. V. , Umetov M. A. , Suslov I. V. , Kiselev A. R.
Published: April 2024

The social and cultural causation of behavior in relation to health is beyond doubt among scientists. Numerous studies were carried out in this field. However, a unified approach that fully takes into account both the role of culture and the social factors of health-saving behavior still needs to be developed. We propose to turn to the methodology of the sociocultural health code of ethnic and corporate communities, which is based on the idea of culture as a semiotic information system that serves as the basis for social determinants of health. The sociocultural health code should be understood as a set of symbolic means and their meanings (connotations), which allow accumulating, preserving and transmitting information about the sphere of health. The introduction of this concept involves an integrated approach that helps determining the causes of societal actions and predicting behavior in various situations by analyzing and interpreting information markers characteristic of the society under study.
Evolving Patterns of Violence in Developing Countries
Authors: Jenkins Brian Michael , Butterworth Bruce R. , Yagu Sachi
Published: April 2024

In August 2022, MTI issued a report entitled Changing Patterns of Violence Pose New Challenges to Public Surface Transportation in the United States. That report analyzed the frequency and lethality of attacks on public surface transport in economically advanced countries. But what has been going on in non-economically advanced countries – the vast majority of countries in the world? Using the MTI database of Terrorist and Serious Criminal Attacks Against Public Surface Transportation, the authors analyzed attacks against passenger trains and train stations, buses and bus stations and stops, and all rail infrastructure and operating and security personnel in both sets of countries between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2022. For this analysis, countries that are economically advanced are based mostly on OCED membership and are designated as Group 1, and those with developing economies and others that are not OECD members, are designated as Group 2. (Group 3 countries are Israel and territory controlled by the Palestinian authority, which MTI will address in a separate report). This report focuses on Group 2 countries, comparing them to Group 1 countries. Group 2 had more than 7 times the number of attacks, and the lethality of its attacks was 3 times greater than in Group 1. In Group 2, many countries have long-running insurgencies that produce frequent and lethal attacks. There are far more attacks on buses and bus depots and stops in Group 2, reflecting greater reliance on bus travel. Explosives dominate attack methods, and while jihadist attackers are responsible for only 9.7% of attacks, they create 33.7% of fatalities. Jihadists are the most lethal attackers in both Group 1 and Group 2 countries. Suicide attacks account for only about 3% of the attacks in both groups, but while that percentage has gone down in Group 1, it has gone up in Group 2.
Analysis of information flow security using software implementing business logic based on stored database program blocks
Authors: Timakov A. А.
Published: April 2024

Objectives. Verification of software security is typically performed using dynamic and static analysis tools. The corresponding types of analysis do not usually consider the business logic of the software and do not rely on data access control policies. A modern approach to resolving this problem is to implement language-based information flow control. Despite a large amount of research, mechanisms for information flow control in software are not widely used in practice. This is because they are complex and impose increased demands on developers. The aim of the work is to transfer information flow control from the language level to the level of formal verification. This will enable the functions of controlling data integrity and confidentiality in software to be isolated into a separate task, which can be resolved by information security analysts.Methods. The research is based on general formal security methods for computer systems and formal verification methods. The algorithm developed by the author for checking security specifications and resolving security violations uses temporal logic of actions.Results. The technology is presented as a step-by-step approach to resolving specific tasks, including the following: designing a database (DB) for storing and processing sensitive information; analyzing dependencies and identifying relevant sets of program blocks in the DB; generating TLA+ specifications for the identified program blocks; labeling specifications according to global security policy rules and additional constraints; applying the specification verification algorithm, and resolving security violations while providing recommendations for software developers. The procedure also involves analyzing labeled data, in order to control the spread of verified program block output values in external software modules.Conclusions. The technology presented herein does not require developers to include redundant annotations describing security policy rules. The function of analyzing information flows with reference to predefined access restrictions is moved to a separate stage of the software development life cycle.
Mathematical modeling of microwave channels of a semi-active radar homing head
Authors: Legkiy N. М. , Unchenko I. V.
Published: April 2024

Objectives. Radar homing heads of guided missiles form a large group of radars which differ from other radars due to their specific purpose. The advantages of a semi-active radar homing head (SARH) include the ability to have a powerful irradiator at the command post and, as a result, a powerful reflected signal from the target. This results in an increase in the range of its detection and guidance. The absence of an emitter simplifies the missile’s onboard control equipment, reduces its weight and dimensions, thereby improving its maneuverability and increasing the guidance accuracy, resulting in the greatest distribution of this type of SARH. However, in order to determine the exact Doppler shift of the target signal as part of SARH, a reference signal with a frequency coinciding with the illumination transmitter signal must be supplied to the receiving path. This study aims to synthesize and analyze the SARH receiver circuit with improved accuracy characteristics.Methods. The following methods are used: statistical radio engineering; optimal signal reception theories; and computer modeling in CAD AWR Design Environment.Results. A mathematical model of the SARH receiver was obtained and analyzed. The proposed receiver model allows the spectral characteristics of signals to be calculated at any point of the microwave paths, as well as signal characteristics at the input of the head channel, at the output of the first conversion mixer, at the output of the first intermediate frequency selector, and at the output of the receiving path. The calculated values of the main characteristics of high-frequency channels are also given.Conclusions. The resulting model allows the frequency dependencies of main parameters of the receiving path, such as the gain factor, noise factor, decibel compression points, and third-order intermodulation intercept points to be estimated. The values obtained during the simulation are maximally close to existing systems, since the models of real-life and mass-used microcircuits thu created are used as the main elements when designing high- frequency paths. The model can be used to study methods of improving technical indicators, as well as to develop new principles and schemes for developing radioelectronic complexes, for example, when designing a receiving path using advanced radio photonics.
Magnetorefractive effect in metallic Co/Pt nanostructures
Authors: Yurasov А. N. , Sayfulina D. A. , Bakhvalova Т. N.
Published: April 2024

Objectives. To carry out a theoretical investigation of the features of magnetorefractive effect for metal-to-metal nanostructures. This study uses the example of multilayer Co/Pt nanostructures (ferromagnetic metal–paramagnetic metal) with a different ratio of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases in the visible and near-infrared (IR) spectral regions.Methods. The dependence was expressed explicitly using the basic formulas for permittivity, refraction and extinction coefficients, and optical conductivity. This then confirms the common nature of these two effects. The magnetorefractive effect for s-polarization of light was calculated using Fresnel formulas for a three-layer structure. This took into account the thickness of the samples and the influence of the substrate. Effective medium methods were used to calculate the dielectric permittivity of materials. Since the average range of cobalt concentrations was being studied, the Bruggeman approximation was used to establish the effective permittivity of nanostructures. The reflection coefficient at normal incidence was calculated for all nanostructures.Results. Since the permittivity of inhomogeneous samples was replaced by a common effective parameter depending on the permittivity of each component, we were able to apply the Drude–Lorentz theory for conductors in a high-frequency alternating field and then estimate the parameters of the electronic structure of the samples being studied. Plasma and relaxation frequencies were calculated for each sample. This made it possible for the number of free electrons to be estimated and scattering in nanostructures to be investigated.Conclusions. It was shown that Langmuir shielding can be observed in the given energy range in the IR region of the spectrum. The calculated values correlate well with the experimental data.
Study of the probabilistic and temporal characteristics of wireless networks using the CSMA/CA access method
Authors: Leontyev А. S. , Zhmatov D. V.
Published: April 2024

Objectives. The aim of this study is to develop analytical methods to evaluate the probabilistic and temporal characteristics and performance of wireless networks using the CSMA/CA access method. These methods enable the process of selecting rational operating modes to be automated and the impact of collisions in networks implementing the 802.11 protocols to be reduced.Methods. The methods employed herein include reliability theory, theory of random processes, queuing theory, and the Laplace–Stieltjes transform.Results. A problem statement is presented and developed, along with an analytical method for evaluating the probabilistic and temporal characteristics and performance of wireless networks using the CSMA/CA access method. This method considers time constraints on information transmission, thus expanding the applicability of previously proposed analytical approaches for studying Ethernet local area networks. The analysis of networks that use the CSMA/CA access method was carried out. An original mathematical model was developed that allows evaluating various characteristics of packet transmission processes in wireless networks under time constraints on the transmission. These characteristics include latency, packet transfer time, node load, and network performance. A software package was developed to simplify the analysis and evaluation of various operation modes of wireless networks using the CSMA/CA access method.Conclusions. We demonstrate the need for developing nested analytical models describing packet transmission processes in wireless networks under time constraints on link-layer transmission. This implies the development of more complex models for more exact description of packet transmission processes in such networks. The software package developed herein enables the various options for the functioning of the network to be studied and analytical calculations to be performed. Calculations were carried out, in order to assess the probabilistic and temporal characteristics of packet transmission processes and the wireless network performance. The research involved varying the number of workstations and the intensity of packet flows entering the network nodes under the time constraint on packet transmission. The application of the developed mathematical models will be useful in creating and optimizing wireless networks such as Wi-Fi networks, networks based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, and other data transmission systems using the CSMA/CA access method. Such models and the analysis based on them will be useful in optimizing network performance, adjusting parameters, as well as selecting the capacity and configuration of wireless networks.
Methods for analyzing the impact of software changes on objective functions and safety functions
Authors: Legkodumov A. А. , Kozeyev B. N. , Belikov V. V. , Korolkov A. V.
Published: April 2024

Objectives. This paper examines the various approaches to analyzing the impact of software changes, and suggests a new method using function control flows. Impact analysis of software change can require the investment of a lot of time and competence on the part of the expert conducting it. There is no detailed description of methodology for analyzing the impact of changes and it is not established at a legislative level. The proposed method has three aims: reducing the level of requirements for an expert when conducting software research; localizing code areas to establish defects in information protection functions; and reducing the time spent on analyzing the impact of changes.Methods. The study analyzes the common methods for analyzing software changes with a description of their positive and negative sides. The possibility of analyzing changes in the control flow of software functions is considered as an alternative to line-by-line comparison of the full volume of source codes. Represented as tree-shaped graphs, the control flows of different versions of the same software are subject to a merging procedure. The final result is analyzed by an expert from the research organization.Results. The research results of the software change analysis methods are presented with a description of their disadvantages. A description is given of the method for change analysis using function control. This complements existing methods, while eliminating their disadvantages. The study also analyzes the possibility of using this method beyond the tasks defined in the introduction.Conclusions. The use of methods to localize the most vulnerable code sections is considered one of the most promising areas for analyzing change impact. In addition to searching for vulnerable code sections, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of the control flow comparison method in the analysis of source code when transferred to another code base.
The Effect Credit Monitoring Activities on Financial Reporting Quality of Private Banks in Ethiopia
Authors: Deyganto Kanbiro Orkaido , Lambert Edward , G/Selassie Yafet Hailu , Lemita Ayano
Published: April 2024

This study examines the effect of credit monitoring activities on the financial reporting quality of private banks in Ethiopia. Using a quantitative research method with a positivist philosophical assumption, data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 90 respondents. The study finds that the independent variables, which include collateral information, business ratings information, customer credit status information, and consumer default information, have a positive effect on the financial reporting quality of private banks in Ethiopia. These findings emphasize the importance of effective credit monitoring activities to ensure accurate and reliable financial reporting in the banking sector.
Interpretationen und Aushandlungen sozialpädagogischer und sicherheitspolitischer Logiken – Beispiele aus Kinderschutz und Radikalisierungsprävention
Authors: Figlestahler Carmen , Schau Katja , Neuber Anke
Published: April 2024

Einleitung in den Schwerpunktteil mit Vorstellung der Beiträge
Soziale Problemarbeit in Kommunalverwaltungen
Authors: Lindner Diana
Published: April 2024

Der Artikel untersucht die Prognosepraxis für Problembearbeitungen in Kommunalverwaltungen am Beispiel der sozialen Hilfen. Hierzu wird von der These ausgegangen, dass die bürokratischen Dokumentationsdaten in einem reflexiven Prozess zu Kennzahlen, Indizes weiterverarbeitet werden. Mit Hilfe von accountingtheoretischen Annahmen wird so ein Praxiskomplex rekonstruiert, der aus technischen, kognitiven und sozialen Elementen besteht und zum Aufbau eines neuen Regelwissens führt. Die Analyse der Prognosepraxis verweist auf Strategien und technische Hindernisse bei der Datensammlung, arbeitet Techniken der Prognoseberechnung heraus und zeigt den Umgang mit den Prognosen bei der Entscheidungsfindung.
Algorithmische Alchemie – die sozio-technische Reproduktion sozialer Ungleichheit im Bildungssystem
Authors: Röhl Tobias , Kirchner Matthias
Published: April 2024

Algorithmische Systeme versprechen, die Bewertung schulischer Leistung zu objektivieren und Bildungsangebote zu individualisieren. Statt subjektiver Urteile von Lehrpersonen sollen Algorithmen entscheiden, wie Freitextaufgaben und Essays zu bewerten sind und wie Aufgaben zugeteilt werden. Doch die Intransparenz der Technik erzeugt unbemerkt neue Formen der Ungleichheit. Die Datensätze und ihre algorithmische Auswertung unterliegen einem algorithmic bias, der bestehende Bildungsungleichheiten nicht bloß reproduziert, sondern sogar verstärkt. Wir diskutieren diesen Umstand anhand zweier Anwendungsfälle: adaptive Lernsysteme und automatisierte Bewertung. Wir betrachten die angewandten algorithmischen Systeme im Kontext ihrer praktischen Wirkzusammenhänge und plädieren abschließend für eine Aufwertung der pädagogischen Profession angesichts der geschilderten Risiken.
Übergang, Kontrollverlust oder Belohnung?
Authors: Schüttler Helena
Published: April 2024

Ziel des vorliegenden Artikels ist eine soziologische Analyse von Deutungsmustern sozialer Kontrolle am Beispiel institutioneller Problembearbeitung im Strafvollzug. Der offene Vollzug stellt eine besondere Form der unbedingten Freiheitsstrafe zwischen den totalen Strukturen im Inneren und der Öffentlichkeit dar und bietet verstärkt Freiräume. Mit dieser Öffnung sind aber neben vielfachen Möglichkeiten der Wiedereingliederung auch Risiken verbunden, die die Entscheidung einer Unterbringung im offenen Vollzug für das Vollzugspersonal erschweren. Da sich die Mitarbeitenden dauerhaft in einem Spannungsfeld zwischen der Freiheit der inhaftierten Menschen und der Sicherheit der Gesellschaft befinden, wurden Deutungsmuster rekonstruiert, auf die die verantwortlichen Personen zurückgreifen, um ihre Entscheidung zu begründen. Auf Basis von 16 Expert*inneninterviews wurden soziale Probleme identifiziert, die der Legitimation sozialer Kontrolle dienen und den offenen Vollzug als Grenzsituation zwischen drinnen und draußen konstruieren. Die Interviews wurden sequenzanalytisch ausgewertet und konnten zu drei Deutungsmustern verdichtet werden: Der offene Vollzug als Übergang, als Kontrollverlust und als Belohnung.
Право альтернативної енергетики: програма та плани семінарських (практичних) занять для студентів усіх факультетів та форм навчання за спеціальністю 081 «Право» : навчально-методичний посібник
Authors:   Національний університет «Одеська юридична академія», Платонова Євгенія Олегівна , Караханян Карина Мартинівна , Харитонова Тетяна Євгенівна , Григор’єва Христина Антонівна , Заверюха Марина Михайлівна , Канівець Людмила Анатоліївна
Published: April 2024

Програма та плани семінарських (практичних) занять зі спецкурсу «Право альтернативної енергетики» для студентів усіх факультетів та форм навчання за спеціальністю 081 «Право».
Права інтелектуальної власності та їх захист : навчально-метод. посібник для здобувачів вищої освіти галузі знань 08 «Право» спец. [Електронне видання]
Authors:   Національний університет ", Харитонова Олена Іванівна ,   Одеська юридична академія", Ульянова Галина Олексіївна , Мазуренко Світлана Вікторівна , Кирилюк Алла Володимирівна , Бааджи Наталія Пилипівна , Галупова Лариса Ігорівна , Мартинюк Іван Вікторович
Published: April 2024

Навчально-методичний посібник містить завдання до практичних занять і самостійних робіт, теоретичні відомості з детальним описом матеріалу та питання до підсумкового контролю. Призначений для здобувачів вищої освіти галузі знань 08 «Право» за спеціальністю 081 «Право» з метою закріплення лекційного матеріалу і підготовки до практичних і самостійних занять з дисципліни «Права інтелектуальної власності та їх захист».
Mentiras que no te conté
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Correa Neri Elma Aurea
Published: April 2024

Ocho cuentos que son un mordaz retrato de las fronteras, desde las geográficas hasta las individuales: rupturas, planes fallidos, excesos, fiestas que terminan en torturas, así como un carácter de profunda ambivalencia en las mujeres que los protagonizan. Estas historias esbozan, a través de un humor corrosivo y punzante, un paisaje tan norteño como humano en el que ineludiblemente nos veremos reflejados a pesar de la lejanía con nuestra propia latitud.
Premio FIL de Literatura en Lenguas Romances. Coral Bracho 2023
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Bracho Coral , Robles Aguilar Sandra Vanesa , Murguía Lores Verónica , Vega Fregoso Elba Irene
Published: April 2024

El Premio FIL de Literatura en Lenguas Romances nació de la necesidad de contar en América Latina con un premio de primer nivel, equiparable a los grandes premios internacionales. Doce instituciones mexicanas, agrupadas bajo la forma jurídica de asociación civil no lucrativa, se propusieron otorgar anualmente un reconocimiento semejante en su calidad, monto y prestigio a los galardones más importantes del mundo literario. El premio pretende brindar el mayor reconocimiento a los escritores cuya lengua de expresión artística sea alguna de las lenguas romances. Este año la ganadora fue la escritora mexicana Coral Bracho. Leer a Coral Bracho es permitir la entrada en la conciencia de una poesía que como "la piedra / que va a caer / cambia el pozo / y el agua" para dejarnos más expuestos, más sensibles y más vivos.
Los echamos de menos
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Solano García Óscar Guillermo
Published: April 2024

Una mujer desaparecida y su búsqueda en Cumando, pero especialmente en la memoria; un joven secuestrado cuya obsesión construye la trama de una venganza; el periplo nocturno de unos niños a un panteón de fetos, a un "jardín" de violaciones, a presenciar el manjar de los perros; la historia de alguien que se convierte en una suma de deserciones; el joven que planea su fuga del internado, justo en la víspera de su salida oficial; una pareja acorralada por las llamadas telefónicas de un ' mudo"; la mujer madura que juega el papel que un desconocido le propone: ser la prometedora cantante de rock de los años ochenta, treinta años después. Los textos de Los echamos de menos ejercen cierto hechizo en los lectores, estos cuentos, poseedores de una atmósfera envolvente y en momentos hipnótica, son el escenario de la violencia cotidiana más allá de los clichés de lo explícito que caracteriza mucha de la literatura actual.
Zeitgeist tropical
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Vite Federico
Published: April 2024

Los cuentos de este volumen muestran diversos enfoques estéticos: humor negro, realismo sátira, incluida la reinvención de un clásico del cine, como Casablanca. Los habitantes de Zeitgeist tropical buscan la forma de sacarle provecho al orden impuesto por la violencia. Conviven los infames con los honestos, los asesinos con los artistas, los amantes heridos y engañados con los extranjeros enfermos y en ruina emocional. Todos, sin desearlo, recuerdan al lector un verso que funciona como plegaria para los nostálgicos de aquellas noches: “Acuérdate de Acapulco”.
Pengaruh Aset Pajak Tangguhan Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Manajemen Laba Dengan Arus Kas Operasi Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi
Authors: Rahayu Noviandhika Delphia , Nadi Luh
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris pengaruh aset pajak tangguhan dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap manajemen laba dengan arus kas operasional sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi data panel menggunakan Eviews. Sampel penelitian ini adalah perusahaan Industri yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dari tahun 2017 – 2022 dengan metode purposive sampling dengan total 54 data observasi yang diolah dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen laba dapat dipengaruhi secara simultan oleh aset pajak tangguhan dan ukuran perusahaan. Aset pajak tangguhan juga berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap manajemen laba, sementara ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh. Arus kas operasi memberikan bukti dapat memoderasi pengaruh ukuran perusahaan terhadap manajemen laba, tetapi arus kas operasi tidak dapat memoderasi pengaruh aset pajak tangguhan terhadap manajemen laba.
Design of a Peanut Skin Peeling Machine Design Based on Professional Autodesk Inventor Software
Authors: Tjiptady Bella Cornelia , Rahman Rifki Zainur , Putra Agus Dwi , Permadi Luchyto Chandra , Meditama Ratna Fajarwati
Published: April 2024

In the nut processing industry, such as peanuts, the skin peeling process is an important stage to obtain a quality final product. Manual peeling can be a tiring and time-consuming job, so automating the peeling process using a machine is an efficient solution. The aim of designing a peanut shelling machine is to make it easier for peanut farmers to make the production process more efficient. The design stage of the peanut skin peeling machine design includes analysis of data requirements and obtaining a design that suits the farmer's capacity, design design using Autodesk Inventor Professional Software and design analysis of the peanut skin peeling machine design. The results of the analysis of the peanut shelling machine frame experienced a displacement of 0.00352 – 0.01758 and a safety factor of 15 sf, with stress of -0.886 Mpa to 0.437 Mpa which was experienced at a point below the yield stress of 1.088 Mpa so that the chassis construction was declared safe. to the static load received.
Pedro Vicente Maldonado. Investigador y Geógrafo
Authors: Muñoz Juan Carlos
Published: April 2024

Maldonado fue considerado unos de los científicos más importantes del siglo XVIII, fue un astrónomo, físico, matemático, geógrafo, topógrafo naturalista y político [1]. Formó parte de la delegación de investigadores que se dirigía a estudiar la ruta hacia el río Amazonas. Descubrió el árbol del caucho y los usos que los nativos le daban. Fue el creador de la ruta Quito -Esmeraldas. En 1736 llega al Ecuador la Misión Geodésica Francesa, para establecer los 00´00´´00´´ de la latitud de la tierra, donde se declara científicamente a Quito como “la mitad del mundo” [2].

    En 1744 viajó por varios países europeos como: España, Francia e Inglaterra, donde compartió sus trabajos investigativos, causando gran impresión entre sus colegas científicos de la época [3]. Se considera como su obra más representativa respecto a las posesiones ultramarinas de los europeos a “Mapa del reino de Quito”.
Effects of the 2014-2016 marine heatwave on Steller sea lions in the Gulf of Alaska and implications for top-down forcing
Authors: McHuron EA , Sweeney KL , Fadely BS
Published: April 2024

Marine heatwaves can have rapid and wide-reaching biological and economic impacts. We explored the effects of a recent severe marine heatwave on Steller sea lions in the Gulf of Alaska and Southeast Alaska using biennial counts of pups and non-pups from aerial surveys of terrestrial sites between 2013 and 2019. We combined count data with a bioenergetic model to explore the potential effects of Steller sea lion responses to the heatwave on prey populations. Pup production was anomalously low in the eastern and central Gulf in 2017 following the end of the heatwave in 2016, with a 33.5 and 17.4% reduction from 2015 values respectively. Based on the energetic costs of pregnancy and lactation, these reductions in pup production represent an average difference of 6121 metric tons of prey between 2015 and 2017. Non-pup counts were anomalously low in Southeast Alaska in 2017 and in the central and eastern Gulf in 2019. No effects were detected in the western Gulf, although they could have been masked by the variability in count estimates. Such changes in non-pup abundance had the potential to induce changes in predation pressure on the order of thousands to tens of thousands of metric tons of prey, even when responses were assumed to persist for a relatively short time (1 yr or less). In addition to these short-term effects, declining counts of non-pups from the eastern Gulf and Southeast Alaska occurred following the 2014-2016 heatwave, suggesting more lasting effects on Steller sea lion populations and top-down forcing from these regions.
Nutritional qualities partially predict diet of amphipod grazers: implications for modern coastal biofilms in microbialite pools
Authors: Hawkes SA , Welman S , Human LRD , Lemley DA , Smit LA , Steyn PP , Rishworth GM
Published: April 2024

Mobile metazoans in the Phanerozoic transformed shallow coastal habitats covered in biofilms into bioturbated mixed grounds. Benthic biofilms during this time rarely preserved into the fossil record as microbialites, and more specifically their layered form, stromatolites. Living microbialites are rare for this reason, in addition to other factors such as unfavourable modern geochemical conditions. Counterintuitively, macroinvertebrate grazers and laminated stromatolites coexist along the Nelson Mandela Bay coastline, South Africa. Here we aimed to determine if nutritional qualities of algae in these microbialite pools are linked to the diet of a dominant amphipod grazer, Melita zeylanica Stebbing, 1904. We assessed this in 3 microbialite pools using stable isotopes coupled to seasonal shifts in abundant food resources of microbialite biofilms and exposed (bleached and rimstone) or submerged (pool) macroalgae, Ulva spp. Amphipod diet was proportional to the quantity available (biomass) and nutritional properties of available algal food (energy, protein, total phosphorus and C:N ratios). Macroalgae in all states were the most nutritious, and the diet of M. zeylanica was dominated by submerged macroalgae. Although microbialite material had the worst nutritional profile, it was consumed in larger quantities compared to exposed bleached and rimstone macroalgae. Therefore, factors unrelated to nutritional profiles, such as predation, allelopathy or exposure risks, likely drive food choices. High levels of grazing on nutritious pool macroalgae likely releases most of the grazing pressure on the microbialite biofilm, therefore partially explaining why the microbialites can persist in this environment instead of being bioturbated through foraging.