bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Control, discriminación y corrupción en Cuba
Authors: Garcés Marrero Roberto
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es, a partir de la autoetnografía, llevar a cabo un análisis de la relación existente entre la legalidad y la ilegalidad en el sistema político cubano y cómo el mismo resulta generador de discriminación, abriendo el espacio para el delito y la corrupción. La autoetnografía y la observación participante son el método y la técnica privilegiada para la recogida de la información, mientras que el análisis se lleva a cabo, sobre todo, a partir del método comparativo con el caso peruano. Se considera que el propio sistema burocrático cubano es generador de espacios no legales o semilegales, siendo así que la corrupción no es un problema aislado sino un producto esencial de la maquinaria burocrática socialista cubana.
¿Qué es la democracia?
Authors: Fernández de Rota Antón
Published: April 2020

La democracia es un concepto esquivo. Demasiado a menudo se la define en una supuesta relación fundamental y fundacional con la soberanía. Aquí emprenderemos un camino distinto. De lo que se trata es de leer la democracia a contrapelo, distinguiendo sus formas actuales y antiguas, para extraer una definición que la sustraiga de sus aporías. En la Ciencia Política la democracia nació sin vida pero no así en la praxis política, así dice la tesis aquí defendida. La cuestión es devolvérsela, elevando la descripción teórica a la dignidad del concepto practicado. Para ello la historia ortodoxa de la democracia será recorrida esquemáticamente. El ejemplo de un caso concreto reciente, el ciclo democrático iniciado en España en el 2011, servirá para hurgar en el sentido de la democracia y sus límites. Dicha experiencia puede considerarse fracasada. La conceptualización propuesta tiene por objeto explicar sus limitaciones y esbozar una alternativa en la atención a lo que la democracia puede y exige.
Letras sagradas para ser mujer
Authors: Arreguin Nava Sonia
Published: April 2020

El mito, desde la antigüedad, ha fungido como un camino a seguir en las diferentes culturas. Para la mujer japonesa no ha sido la excepción, el trazo que las diosas han dejado en los mitos está presente en la actualidad a través de los diferentes manuales dirigidos hacia las mujeres con la intención de marcar el comportamiento adecuado que las lleve a ser consideradas como una mujer japonesa verídica. El mito se profanó y terminó adecuándose en el manual director de las acciones básicas de una mujer en Japón, el cual mantiene las letras sagradas del mito dentro del actuar en la vida cotidiana.
Contra la estilización de la imagen exhumada
Authors: Pastor Mirambell Luisa
Published: April 2020

En un México atravesado por el crimen y la violencia, la palabra exhumación trae a la memoria el dolor, la rabia y la desesperación por esos miles de muertos, que comparten una fosa en común, en el extenso territorio mexicano. En este contexto, este trabajo es una reflexión filosófica y conceptual, acerca de la capacidad política y contestataria que tiene la obra de la artista Teresa Margolles (Culiacán, México, 1963), ante la deriva necropolítica y de extrema violencia, que atraviesa el Estado mexicano. Así, a partir de una colección de obras críticas y despojadas del artificio espectacular del arte de masas, en donde la aniquilación del cuerpo y la violación del cadáver forman parte de las lógicas de producción del capital, el arte de Margolles remite a la ausencia y el vacío que deja, siempre, un cuerpo en retirada, desde donde dar voz a ese conjunto de comunidades vulnerables, que se pierden en el olvido.
Estimation of Conditional Survival Function under Dependent Right Random Censored Data
Authors: Ahmedovich Abdushukurov Abdurahim
Published: April 2020

In this paper considered problem consist in estimation of conditional survival function by right random censoring model in the presence of covariate. We propose a new estimator of conditional survival function and study its large sample properties. We present result of asymptotic normality with the same limiting Gaussian process as for copula-graphic estimator.
Inducing a Target Association between Ordinal Variables by Using a Parametric Copula Family
Authors: Barbiero Alessandro
Published: April 2020

The need for building and generating statistically dependent random variables arises in various fields of study where simulation has proven to be a useful tool.In this work, we present an approach for constructing ordinal variables with arbitrarily assigned marginal distributions and value of association or correlation, expressed in terms of either Goodman and Kruskal's gamma or Pearson's linear correlation. The approach first constructs a class of bivariate copula-based distributions matching the assigned margins, and then, within this class, identifies the distribution matching the assigned association or correlation, by calibrating the copula parameter. A numerical example and a possible application are illustrated.
Robust Test for Detecting Changes in the Autocovariance Function of a Time Series
Authors: Dürre Alexander , Fried Roland
Published: April 2020

We propose a new robust test to detect changes in the autocovariance function of a time series. The test is based on empirical autocovariances of a robust transformation of the original time series. Because of the transformation, we do not require any finite moments of the original time series, making the test especially suitable for heavy tailed time series. We furthermore propose a lag weighting scheme, which puts emphasis on changes of the autocovariance at smaller lags. Our approach is compared to existing ones in some simulations.
A Bayesian Binomial Regression Model with Latent Gaussian Processes for Modelling DNA Methylation
Authors: Hubin Aliaksandr , Storvik Geir O. , Grini Paul E. , Butenko Melinka A.
Published: April 2020

Epigenetic observations are represented by the total number of reads from a given pool of cells and the number of methylated reads, making it reasonable to model this data by a binomial distribution. There are numerous factors that can influence the probability of success in a particular region. Moreover, there is a strong spatial (alongside the genome) dependence of these probabilities. We incorporate dependence on the covariates and the spatial dependence of the methylation probability for observations from a pool of cells by means of a binomial regression model with a latent Gaussian field and a logit link function. We apply a Bayesian approach including prior specifications on model configurations. We run a mode jumping Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm (MJMCMC) across different choices of covariates in order to obtain the joint posterior distribution of parameters and models. This also allows finding the best set of covariates to model methylation probability within the genomic region of interest and individual marginal inclusion probabilities of the covariates.
Statistical Analysis of Discrete-valued Time Series by Parsimonious High-order Markov Chains
Authors: Kharin Yuriy
Published: April 2020

Problems of statistical analysis of discrete-valued time series are considered. Two approaches for construction of parsimonious (small-parametric) models for observed discrete data are proposed based on high-order Markov chains.Consistent statistical estimators for parameters of the developed models and some known models, and also statistical tests on the values of parameters are constructed. Probabilistic properties of the constructed statistical inferences are given. The developed theory is also applied for statistical analysis of spatio-temporal data. Theoretical results are illustrated by computer experiments on real statistical data.
Methods of Resolving Disputes Arising from Smart Contracts
Authors: Zasemkova O. F.
Published: April 2020

With the rapid development of new technologies taking place during the 4th Industrial Revolution, new types of disputes of significant specificity have gradually begun to emerge. Among such cases a special category of cases has been formed by disputes arising from smart contracts based on block chain technology. There are two possible ways to resolve such disputes. Under the first approach, they are subject to consideration by traditional arbitration institutions, guided by the usual rules and guidelines (blockchain arbitration). The second approach involves the need to create innovative applications based on blockchain technology and designed to resolve disputes arising in a digital decentralized environment ( blockchain arbitration). Such applications, in turn, are divided into two groups. The first group consists of projects involving the creation of a special arbitration combining the advantages of international commercial arbitration and blockchain technology; the second group includes projects involving the establishment of a decentralized quasi-judicial system for dispute resolution. The paper attempts to analyze the most interesting projects related to each of the listed groups and assess the prospects of their development. Based on the results of the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion that the implementation of such projects will lead to the emergence of many issues (among which the problem of choice of applicable law, determination of place of arbitration, arbitrability, as well as the possibility of recognition and enforcement of awards made by such arbitral tribunal). Under the influence of new technologies, international commercial arbitration is gaining a new direction of its development. In the future, the development of new technologies will require not only rationalization of existing dispute resolution mechanisms, but also a fundamental rethinking.
The Legal Definition of the Concept of Ecotourism
Authors: Vasilyeva М. I.
Published: April 2020

The term ecotourism is traditionally referred to travelling to natural areas in locations unaffected or poorly affected by anthropogenic factors and having scientific, cognitive, recreational, cultural value, and carried out by environmentally friendly methods, contributing to and promoting the harmonization of human relations with the environment, ecological education and education that promotes the protection of biological and landscape diversity. One of the essential features of ecotourism is the involvement of the local population in providing tourists with works and services in the service sector. The use of natural areas for tourism is of great social and economic importance for the development of regions with significant recreational potential. The organization of tourism in protected natural territories has features related to their legal regime aimed at the preservation of natural objects for the purpose of protection of which such territories are created and containing restrictions on the use of natural resources and economic activities. The policy development of ecotourism in specially protected natural areas as an objective laid by the State requires to define this concept in compliance with the law, since its content depends on the degree of involvement of specially protected natural objects, complexes and ecosystems in recreational activities. The concept of ecotourism should include an indication of the maximum permissible recreational loads and the conformity of forms of ecotourism with the objectives of specially protected natural areas as defined in the legislation and individual provisions thereon. The list of objects of tourist infrastructure must be approved by the Government of the Russian Federation for federal specially protected natural territories and the highest executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities for specially protected natural areas at the regional and local levels.
Legal Institutionalization and Legal Institutions: Conceptual Model
Authors: Valiev R. G.
Published: April 2020

The paper analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of the dual nature of legal institutionalization in the context of the systemic legal nature of legal institutions. The relevance of the research is due to the uncertainty of the content of ‘legal institutionalization’ concept, which determines the formal attitude to its use in scientific works. The purpose of the research is to form a conceptual understanding of legal institutionalization and legal institutions in the context of their systemic legal nature and correlation dependence. In the process of research, the key provisions of the theory and methodology of institutionalism, the method of systematization and legal modeling, as well as system-structural, functional and formal legal approaches are used. Within the framework of the theory of institutionalism, an essential and meaningful characteristic of legal institutionalization as a methodological basis for understanding the systemic legal nature of legal institutions is given. Methods of systematization and legal modeling allowed us to present the institutions of law as the result of systematization of legal norms. In order to present the theoretical foundations of legal institutionalization, its relationship with related legal categories is considered. In the aspect of the systemic nature of legal institutions, their correlation dependence on legal institutionalization is shown, the content of which is a two-pronged process of updating and systematization of legal norms in the order of their differentiation and integration at the level of normative system relations. The conceptualization of legal institutionalization in the aspect of systematization of legal norms allowed us to formulate a conclusion about the multidimensional status of legal institutions, which is not limited to the sectoral level and has a general legal national and transnational character, manifesting itself at the intersectoral and general legal levels of normative relations of national, European and international law.
Social Technologies and Principles of Criminal Justice in the Context of its Digitalization
Authors: Przhilenskiy V. I.
Published: April 2020

The paper analyzes the problems that arise in the process of digitalization of criminal proceedings, when its organizers are forced to organize the interaction of social and computer technologies, the joint development and application of which become inevitable in modern conditions. The basic concepts of social technologies theory that were originally developed as a means of organizing human activities, with criminal justice system being only one of them, are interpreted in a new way. The main contexts of application of "social technology" concept, as well as the significance of social technologies in the formulation of principles and achieving the goals of criminal proceedings are studied. The author defines a special type of social technologies, humanitarian technologies in the paper, and analyzes the relevance of this type of technology in the system of principles of criminal procedure. The author substantiates the need to distinguish between the theoretical and technological aspects of compliance with the principles of criminal justice, which allows us to reconstruct the entire system of goal-setting impact on people’s actions and social relations through the development and application of social technologies. The concept of gradual transformation of society through the use of social engineering, put forward by K. Popper, is analyzed in detail. The role of the theoretical distinction between methodological essentialism and methodological nominalism (antirealism) is reconstructed. The ideological and political contextualization of the theory of social technologies, which dominates in modern social science, is subjected to critical analysis. The author examines the ontological assumptions and methodological guidelines proposed by K. Popper for the approval of his socio-technological doctrine. The author identifies and describes the specifics of the use of social technologies in the context of the use of artificial intelligence systems in criminal proceedings. The point about the need to search for the relationship and mutual consistency of the systems of the individual and society in the process of digitalization of criminal proceedings both at the level of principles and at the level of technology is substantiated.
Correlations in Spatiotemporal Headway Dynamics of Road Traffic Using Extremely Accurate Microscopic Empirical Data
Authors: Kumm Maximilian , Schreckenberg Michael , Schreckenberg Michael
Published: April 2020

As we recently showed by using empirical data there is a certain behavior referring to the development of the headway between two consecutive human driven vehicles. Following on from this, we investigate correlations of the change in temporal headway over two subsequent road segments as the main goal of the present work and found a strongly correlated behaviour for increasing temporal headways. In this way a strong improvement for short-term prediction algorithms of conventional road users should be achieved. A stationary infrared-based sensor system was developed for this purpose, which has been mounted at reflector posts next to an urban street over a distance of about 50m. Due to its good accuracy, we are able to resolve vehicle following times down to 25 milliseconds and to determine speeds more precisely. In 45 hours of measurement the system detected over 20,000 passing vehicles.
Role of the maternal melatonin circadian rhythm absence in early catch-up growth in children
Authors: Evsyukova Inna I. , Ailamazyan Eduard K.
Published: April 2020

The review presents the results of experimental and clinical studies, according to which the absence of circadian melatonin production in pregnant women associated with the pathologies they have (obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, pregnancy complicated by gestosis and chronic placental insufficiency, etc.) disrupts the genetic process of organizing the rhythmic activity of genes of the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus and melatonin production in the pineal gland of the fetus, leading to dysregulation of metabolic processes in the childs body after birth and programming pathology in following life. The significance of this factor in the pathophysiological mechanisms of catch-up growth during the first months of life determines a new approach to assessing the risk of obesity and necessitates learning the consequences of impaired development of the brain and other functional systems in fetuses that are born earlier than the 26th week of pregnancy and are thereby deprived of maternal melatonin, a key signaling molecule that directs and coordinates the genetic development process, during the most critical period of early ontogenesis.
A Plan for a Long-Term, Automated, Broadband Seismic Monitoring Network on the Global Seafloor
Authors: Kohler Monica D. , Hafner Katrin , Park Jeffrey , Irving Jessica C. E. , Caplan-Auerbach Jackie , Collins John , Berger Jonathan , Tréhu Anne M. , Romanowicz Barbara , Woodward Robert L.
Published: April 2020

Establishing an extensive and highly durable, long-term, seafloor network of autonomous broadband seismic stations to complement the land-based Global Seismographic Network has been a goal of seismologists for decades. Seismic signals, chiefly the vibrations from earthquakes but also signals generated by storms and other environmental processes, have been processed from land-based seismic stations to build intriguing but incomplete images of the Earth’s interior. Seismologists have mapped structures such as tectonic plates and other crustal remnants sinking deep into the mantle to obtain information on their chemical composition and physical state; but resolution of these structures from land stations is not globally uniform. Because the global surface is two-thirds ocean, increasing the number of seismic stations located in the oceans is critical for better resolution of the Earth’s interior and tectonic structures. A recommendation for a long-term seafloor seismic station pilot experiment is presented here. The overarching instrumentation goal of a pilot experiment is performance that will lead to the installation of a large number of long-term autonomous ocean-bottom seismic stations. The payoff of a network of stations separated from one another by a few hundred kilometers under the global oceans would be greatly refined resolution of the Earth’s interior at all depths. A second prime result would be enriched understanding of large-earthquake rupture processes in both oceanic and continental plates. The experiment would take advantage of newly available technologies such as robotic wave gliders that put an affordable autonomous prototype within reach. These technologies would allow data to be relayed to satellites from seismometers that are deployed on the seafloor with long-lasting, rechargeable batteries. Two regions are presented as promising arenas for such a prototype seafloor seismic station. One site is the central North Atlantic Ocean, and the other high-interest locale is the central South Pacific Ocean.
Why Digitise Historical Television?
Authors: Ellis John
Published: April 2020

Digitisation of historic TV material is driven by the widespread
perception that archival material should be made available to diverse users.
Yet digitisation alters the material, taking away any lingering sense of
presence. Digitisation and online access, however, offer startling new
possibilities. The article offers three: use of material in language
teaching and learning; use in dementia therapy; and applications as data in
medical research. All depend on ordinary TV for their effectivity.
Making The Most of the Archive
Authors: Barra Luca , Scaglioni Massimo
Published: April 2020

In the last 20 years, Italian television has discovered the richness and
profitability of its enormous archives. Many new programmes have been
broadcast on public and commercial television, making extensive use of
historical fragments taken from previously aired shows. This essay explores
the rationale behind the commercial re-use of TV archives in four different
programmes: the “variety show made of variety shows” Da Da Da, the militant
pastiche Blob, the commercial programming remix Super Show, the comedy
history rewritten by La Super Storia On the basis of these programmes, the
consequences and risks of putting de-contextualized pieces taken from the
past into the contemporary TV flow will be explored.
Introduction
Authors: Tandon Aparna , Abbazia Danielle
Published: April 2020

Introduction to: Unlocking sound and image heritage. Selected readings from the 2015 SOIMA conference
Documenting ICH in sound and image
Authors: Neyrinck Jorijn , Janssens Ellen
Published: April 2020

Documentation of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) poses a series of new questions and challenges within the heritage practice. How do we document a heritage that is alive, through the heads, hands and practices of people? Heritage that is neither tangible nor fixed but intangible and dynamic. Heritage that lives within a community, which by its active practice also acts to transmit and realize a future for this living heritage. Such living heritage processes require different, explicitly participatory and dynamic approaches for documentation – for which audiovisual forms of recording seem appropriate. This article unravels the conceptual confusion between different ‘intangible’ heritage practices and then looks at examples of practice in Flanders and in existing related research methods such as visual anthropology and oral history.
Digitizing collections of musical instruments in Africa
Authors: Willeart Saskia
Published: April 2020

In 2013–2014 the Musical Instruments Museum (mim) in Brussels worked with Musée de la Musique (MMO) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and the Musée Panafricain de la Musique (MPM) in Brazzaville, the Republic of the Congo to build digital inventories of their musical instrument collections. The purpose of this digitization campaign has been to provide a more complete view of musical world heritage by incorporating not only African instruments but also the African terminology that describes these instruments, into international research databases. The cooperative digitization work has helped bring attention to valuable but not easily accessible collections. Both the musical patrimony held in African museums and the metadata they provide are proving to be valuable sources for understanding musical world heritage.
The Legatum initiative
Authors: Goncalves Da Silva Rubens Ribeiro , Sodre Andrade Ricardo , Cox Hollos Adriana , Avezi Neiva P , Chagas Dos Santos Joao Ricardo
Published: April 2020

This paper summarizes the preliminary findings of the second phase of a research project entitled Digital Challenges and Alternatives for the Safeguarding and Dissemination of Public Audiovisual Archival Heritage (2013–2016). The final phase, lasting three years, is currently in progress and will finish in 2019. The project has collected data on audiovisual archives across Brazil, inquiring about collections scopes, environments, planning and more. One aspect of the project has been developing a beta version of Legatum, an innovative and collaborative digital platform of international scope based on open protocols. Legatum focuses on collections in Romance language institutions and is intended to preserve audiovisual heritage as well as to provide long-term, wider access to users.
`This is what you want, this is what you get´
Authors: Newnham Mick
Published: April 2020

There are limited training options for audiovisual archivists, with most formal courses centred in Europe or the United States of America, but high costs can prevent people working in audiovisual archives from accessing these opportunities. However, there are significant collections of audiovisual heritage spread across the globe, not the least in Southeast Asia and the Pacific region, that are at risk of loss due to a number of factors, including sta competencies. In 1996 audiovisual archivists formed the Southeast Asia–Pacific Audiovisual Archive Association (SEAPAVAA) to advocate on their behalf and to provide networking and other assistance to develop and sustain their respective collections. A key part of SEAPAVAA’s work has been to provide training. Over the past 20 years the association has developed and delivered educational programmes on all aspects of audiovisual archiving. Over this time its trainers have developed an analytical approach to prioritizing needs and optimizing delivery methods in a region that has many distinct languages and cultures and where one size does not fit all. This paper looks at how SEAPAVAA went about discovering those needs and developing training priorities around them.
Dyslipidemia and mean lipid profile in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Sohail Sajjad , Mustafa Muhammad Imran , Shaheen Mohammad Arif , Ali Qazi Masroor , Tariq Mohammad Sohail
Published: April 2020

Background: Patients with liver disorders are often found to have deranged lipid profile. Clear decline is observed in the levels of cholesterol as well as TG among individuals having severe hepatitis and liver failure as synthesis of lipoprotein is reduced. This study was done to determine the frequency of dyslipidemia and the mean lipid profile values in patients of liver cirrhosis.Methods: A cross sectional, descriptive study, done at the Department of Medicine, Medical Unit-1, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, from July to December 2019. A total of 246 patients presented with cirrhosis of liver of age 20-60 years and both genders were included. Analysis for serum total cholesterol (TC) level, serum triglycerides level, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were done and findings were noted.Results: Mean age was 51.67±6.21 years. Out of the 246 patients, 153 (62.20%) were male and 93 (37.80%) were females with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Mean values of lipid were, LDL cholesterol 95.76±29.65 mg/dl, HDL 43.37±11.46 mg/dl, TC 147.51±42.69 mg/dl and TG 101.29±21.59 mg/dl. Dyslipidemia was found in 59 (23.98%) patients, whereas there was no dyslipidemia in 187 (76.02%) patients.Conclusions: Frequency of dyslipidemia in cirrhotic patients is high. Evaluating patients of liver cirrhosis, dyslipidemia need to be considered for early recognition and analysis.
Effect of silodosin in post operative retention of urine
Authors: Gill Shivkaran , Singh Rachhpal , Singh Neeti Rajan
Published: April 2020

Background: Post-operative urinary retention (POUR) is a common yet potentially serious morbidity with a reported incidence of 3 to 25%. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Silodosin, a super-selective alpha- 1a adrenergic blocking agent, as prophylaxis for post operative urinary retention in patients undergoing various surgical procedures.Methods: 100 patients were divided into two groups of 50 each. In group 1, patients were given prophylactic silodosin to evaluate its effect in post operative retention of urine and in group 2, patients were not given any medication.Results: In this study, POUR was diagnosed. POUR was higher in the older age group i.e. more in the age group of 41-60 yrs but in group 1, it was less as compared to group 2. POUR rate in general anaesthesia (GA) patients are less (11.1%) in group 1 as compared to (23.6%) in group 2. POUR rate in spinal anaesthesia (SA) patients are more (21.4%) in group 1 as compared (16.6%) in group 2. The total POUR rate in group 1 was lower (14%) as compared to (22%) in group 2.Conclusions: In our opinion patients operated under GA, irrespective of gender and type of surgery will benefit from prophylactic silodosin given in pre-operative period for the prevention of POUR and we highly recommend this. Patients who were operated under SA were not benefitted by giving prophylactic silodosin. Probably this is due to use of long acting spinal anesthetic agent in the form of bupivacaine in our patients.
Prescription audit of rheumatoid arthritis patients treated at primary and secondary care level, before reaching a tertiary care centre hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Mukherjee Dibyendu , Nandi Suman , Chaudhuri Soumyabrata Roy , Patra Sucharita , Roy Mithun
Published: April 2020

Background: To analyse the usage pattern of pharmacological agents in the  treatment of  rheumatoid arthritis in Eastern India at a community level before reaching a specialized rheumatology clinic.Methods: Total 200 patients earlier diagnosed to be RA on treatment were selected and their demographic details, duration of treatment, agents prescribed, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were analysed.Results: At the end of the study analysis, we observed that HCQ (24.4%) and Sulphasalazine (20.9%) were the commonest disease modifying anti-rheumatoid drug (csDMARD) used, followed by Methotrexate (16.9%). Dual combination csDMARD (33.1%) was preferred. Biological therapy was a rarity (0.5%). Steroids (21.0%) and NSAIDs (22.5%) was commonly used. Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) (44.0%) was used often. Polypharmacy was the trend. Not all patients diagnosed as RA met the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria of RA.Conclusions: In 15% patients, the diagnosis of RA was inappropriate according to the recent classification criteria. csDMARD was preferred either as monotherapy or combination therapy. Use of steroids and NSAID was a common practice. ADR were mild in severity.
Critical Analysis on the Thoughts of Ibn Jarir al-Tabari about Jilbab in the Quran Surah al-Aḥzab Verse 59
Authors: Rohmansyah Rohmansyah
Published: April 2020

When viewed from the aspect of the definition of the jilbāb (long, loose-fit outer garment worn by some Muslim women), the issue of jilbāb is a social-religious problem that is often used as a material for discussion among experts of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) and tafsir (exegesis, interpretation), both classic and contemporary. This research focuses on the interpretation of the jilbāb in the Quran Surah al-Aḥzab verse 59 based on the view of al-Tabari. The researcher conducts a critical study of his thoughts by using the library research method and the sociological-historical approach. The findings proved that al-Tabari was a very careful person in interpreting the Quran based on the hadith (the record of the words, actions, and the silent approval of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) and the atsar (the words or actions) of the sahabah (the companions of the prophet). The jilbāb, according to him, was something that covered the head, face, and one of the eyes (the left one). Such interpretation of al-Tabari certainly cannot be separated from the aspects of socio-historical phenomena that occurred in the past where the Abbasid Caliphate’s seizure of territory took place to have implications for human freedom, especially for women. Such a condition of insecurity for a woman that made al-Ṭabari interpreted jilbāb as such in order to protect women. However, if the definition of jilbāb is contextualized today, then it is no longer relevant because the conditions are safe, and women are free to fulfill their needs. Still, a woman must maintain her honor and cover her aurat (intimate parts in Islam), except for something that can be seen which are the palm of the hands, and the face.
Новые данные к флоре железных дорог Белгородской области (по материалам 2019 г.)
Authors: Курской А.Ю , Зеленкова В.Н.
Published: April 2020

Сообщается о результатах флористического обследования трех участков железных дорог, расположенных в Алексеевском, Валуйском и Яковлевском городских округах Белгородской области. Максимальное число видов (95) зарегистрировано на железнодорожной станции «Солоти» Валуйского городского округа, из них 34 чужеродных. Наименьшее число видов (65) на станции «94-й км» Алексеевского городского округа, из которых 28 чужеродных. Преобладающей жизненной формой на обследованных участках являются травянистые поликарпики (62), далее по убывающей располагаются однолетники (39), травянистые монокарпики (23), деревья (9), кустарники (4). По географическому происхождению во флоре доминируют европейские виды (100), на долю остальных видов приходится не более 27.0 %: североамериканские (20), сибирские (7), азиатские (5), кавказские (2), средиземноморские (2), причерноморско-прикаспийские (1).
Ethical considerations and challenges of sex education for adolescents in Iran: a qualitative study
Authors: Joodaki Kobra , Nedjat Saharnaz , Vahid Dastjerdi Marziyeh , Larijani Bagher
Published: April 2020

Adolescence is a period in one’s lifetime during which sexual maturation occurs. Major changes and increased sexual instinct raise many questions in the minds of adolescents. Receiving wrong education or inappropriate information can affect adolescents’ life and future deeply. Obviously, ethical considerations cannot be ignored in nationwide macro policies and educational programs on such a sensitive issue. In this qualitative study, we attempted to explore the ethical considerations and challenges of sex education for adolescents. The study was conducted between May 2015 and March 2017. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 25 participants, and MAXQDA 11 was used for coding. Six hundred sixty-two codes (662) were extracted and classified into four categories: 1) the potential risks of sex education for adolescents; 2) the advantages of sex education for adolescents, and the approaches; 3) the challenges in the interval between sexual maturation and marriage, and the role of religion; and 4) the measures implemented in Iran. Shame, embarrassment, and some cultural beliefs surrounding the subject of sex education are obstacles to providing adolescents with the necessary information. According to the principles of medical ethics, the main principle in sex education is beneficence, and sometimes infringement of confidentiality has its advantages.
Frequency of Chief Complaints in Patients Referring to Persian Medicine Clinics
Authors: Saboktakin Fatemeh , Yargholi Alireza , Moradi Fatemeh , Alizadeh Fatemeh , Zareian Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2020

Today, for various reasons, there is a growing tendency towards traditional and complementary medicine in the world as well as growing interest in Persian Medicine in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of major complaints by patients in some chosen Persian Medicine clinics. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 1319 files of patients referred to Persian Medicine clinics of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in the fourth week of each month in 2012 were investigated and analyzed in terms of major complaints and demographic indices. Data gathering tool was an information form regulated based on main study goals. Data were analyzed by SPSS software Version 19. mean age of patients was 40.82 ± 16.006 years. The most common complaint in all the clinics was musculoskeletal problems (28,7%). Most of the patients were single housewives (38%). The most common complaints in the single-patient group were musculoskeletal problems (35.44%) and in the married-patient group were skin problems (29.41%). The most common complaints in both genders were musculoskeletal complaints (26% in men & 31.44% in women). Due to the prevalence of women referral to Persian Medicine centers, adequate knowledge of gynecological diseases is one of the requirements of Persian Medicine professionals that should be considered in their education. Planning for adequate knowledge of musculoskeletal, digestive, and skin diseases should also be considered in educational curricula.
Analysis of Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Effect of Stachys discolor subsp. mazandarana
Authors: Souri Niyousha , Monsef-Esfehani Mohammad Reza , Vazirian Mahdi , Samadi Nasrin , Sadati Lamardi Seyede Nargess
Published: April 2020

Research on the antimicrobial effects of herbal extracts and natural compounds has proven that herbs have valuable sources of anti-infective agents, and numerous new compounds have been introduced to the market in this regard. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of Stachys discolor subsp. mazandarana and to analyze the essential oil constituents of this herb. Antimicrobial effects of ethanol (80%) extract and n-hexane, and chloroform fractions were investigated against three gram-positive bacteria (Staphlococus aureus, Streptococus mutans, and Bacillus subtilis), one gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli), and also a fungus (Candida albicans) by well plate and agar dilution methods and diameter of the zone of inhibition was determined. The essential oil of the herb aerial parts was extracted by water distillation method and the essential oil compounds were analyzed by GC-Mass. The results of the present study showed that total extract of S. discolor subsp. mazandarana and its various fractions had almost no antimicrobial activity and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was more than 100 mg / ml. Analysis of essential oils showed that anymol (alpha-bisabolol) (18.10%) and curcumene (13.20%) were the most abundant components. The results revealed that the studied herb had no antibacterial and antifungal effects. However, given the compounds in the essential oil of this herb, it can be supposed that it may have significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects that can be investigated in future studies.
Siman Mufrit: Concept, Pathophysiology and Management in Unani System of Medicine, A Review
Authors: Khan Atiya , Islam Mazharul
Published: April 2020

In Unani literature obesity is termed as siman mufriṭ and farbahῑ by Unani scholars. Siman Mufrit is classified as a balghamῑ (phlegmatic) disease. Literally siman mufriṭ means excess of shaḥm (fat). Excess of shaḥm is due to burūdat (coldness) and ruṭūbat (wetness). The factors which increase the burūdat and ruṭūbat in the body are cold foods and drinks, cold medicines, rest, sleep, excess of food, moderate degree of pleasure, ḥammām especially after meals etc. According to Jālῑnūs, farbahῑ is caused either due to innate cold temperament or due to excessive adoption of bārid tadābῑr (cold regimens). He mentioned that, the māddῑ (material) cause of excessive body fat is presence of dusūmat (viscous substances) in blood and fa‘ila (active) cause is burūdat due to which dusūmat of blood, solidifies and gets deposited in the form of shaḥm. Almost every great Unani scholar has devoted some pages to this old age enemy in their classical texts. They have given detailed description and discussion of siman mufrit and its various pathological conditions, pathophysiology along with its management.
Acerca de la doble publicación y el cumplimiento de otros requisitos para el envío de manuscritos a la Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
Authors: Gaitán Hernando
Published: April 2020

Hace ocho años, la Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología inició un proceso de mejoramiento de la calidad científica y editorial, que ha incluido tener un claro proceso de revisión por pares, con tiempos definidos de evaluación y publicación final, presentación delos resúmenes en español e inglés, y en algunos casos publicación de artículos completos en idiomas diferentes al español, idioma oficial de la revista. Las palabras clave en español son homologadas con los descriptores en ciencias de la salud (DeCS) y las palabras clave en inglés con los términos de encabezamiento médico (MeSh), y todos los artículos son sometidos a un riguroso proceso de edición final.
Fundamentación del abordaje cualitativo para la investigación en salud sexual y reproductiva
Authors: Tomaz-Moreira Simone Da Nóbrega , Fagundes-Galvão Lílian Lira Lisboa , Medeiros-Melo Carmen Oliveira , De Azevedo George Dantas
Published: April 2020

Respaldado en la revisión de la literatura, este trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir los fundamentos de la investigación cualitativa en el área de la salud sexual y reproductiva, señalando la importancia de dicho abordaje metodológico hacia la comprensión de los comportamientos relativos a las prácticas de la salud. Además, son presentados los principios epistemológicos, los métodos de adquisición de datos más significativos en la investigación, como también se discuten algunos métodos utilizados en el tratamiento de los datos cualitativos.
Residencia de perinatología en el Hospital Universitario de Caracas (Venezuela)
Authors: Gómez-Castro Libardo Augusto , Pérez Juan , Bermúdez Carlos , Sosa Cristian , Guevara Freddy
Published: April 2020

La unidad de perinatología del Hospital Universitario de Caracas, fue fundada en 1975 por los doctores Freddy Guevara y Miguel Yáber; su objetivo ha sido mejorar la salud materno-fetal para la solución de los principales problemas perinatales.Dentro de sus objetivos específicos, está la formación de subespecialistas en perinatología; la residencia inicia en enero de 1989, bajo la dirección del doctor Guevara.Actualmente cuenta con una moderna planta física en el Hospital Universitario de Caracas, con tecnología de punta, convenios interinstitucionales y un equipo de profesionales altamente capacitados, continuando con la formación de perinatólogos en Venezuela y Latinoamérica, ingresando para la subespecialización cinco ginecoobstetras por año, durante un período de dos años.El perinatólogo de la unidad está capacitado para prestar servicios de salud en aspectos preventivos, médicos, quirúrgicos y de rehabilitación en sus áreas de especialización; participar en trabajos de investigación en humanos, animales y docencia universitaria.
MARKETING MIX DAN TINGKAT MARGIN DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBIAYAAN PADA NASABAH BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Sujono Rusny Istiqomah , Wibowo Febrian Wahyu
Published: April 2020

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the marketing mix and margin levels on customer decisions. The design and methodology of this research is field research where the authors make observations to obtain the required data. Data is collected by giving questionnaires to customers who have several financial activities at the bank. The sample of this study was 100 respondents. The results showed that of the five Marketing mix variables, several variables significantly influenced customer interest, such as product, price, promotion, and margin level. However, place variables do not significantly influence customer decisions. Although not all marketing mix variables significantly influence customer interest, the marketing mix is still important for Islamic banks to attract customers
La retroalimentación: una estrategia reflexiva sobre el proceso de aprendizaje en carreras renovadas de educación superior
Authors: Garcés Bustamante José , Labra Godoy Pamela , Vega Guerrero Laura
Published: April 2020

Este estudio se centra en la elaboración de una estrategia formativa de retroalimentación generada por el equipo técnico de la Unidad de Mejoramiento Docente (UMD) para los estudiantes de nueve carreras renovadas de una universidad estatal regional. Se parte de las siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cómo aprende un estudiante universitario novel? ¿Cómo reflexiona el estudiante sobre su proceso de aprendizaje? ¿Existe una estrategia de retroalimentación en carreras universitarias?Se utilizó una investigación cualitativa de caso múltiple mediante una metodología mixta y diseño etnográfico, y para dicho fin el equipo de la UMD analizó dos documentos oficiales como referentes así como cuatro reuniones de trabajo y entrevistas semiestructuradas aplicadas a los estudiantes participantes de la intervención.Entre los principales resultados de esta estrategia aplicada por el equipo técnico se revela que el puntaje Prueba de Selección Universitaria (PSU) no se relaciona con su rendimiento académico aunque existen diferencias asociadas a factores escolares y aspectos personales de los estudiantes. Asimismo se manifiesta que contaron con diversas estrategias de preparación para el ingreso a la vida universitaria pero sin un acompañamiento efectivo. Adicionalmente, existe disconformidad sobre sus resultados académicos debido a problemas de adaptación universitaria, factores personales y la complejidad de las asignaturas. Por último, el estudio puntualiza la necesidad de fortalecer en los estudiantes las estrategias de aprendizaje de motivación, manejo de la ansiedad y planificación del estudio, todo ello sumado a las funciones cognitivas de precisión y exactitud, exploración sistemática y habilidades lingüísticas.
Inteligencia emocional del docente y satisfacción académica del estudiante universitario
Authors: Tacca Huamán Daniel Rubén , Tacca Huamán Ana Luisa , Cuarez Cordero Renzo
Published: April 2020

En el siglo XXI, el docente universitario se ha convertido en un agente mediador entre el estudiante y el conocimiento; además, las habilidades personales y profesionales del docente participan activamente en el aprendizaje del estudiante. El propósito de la investigación fue conocer la relación entre la inteligencia emocional del docente (modelo de Bar-On) y la satisfacción académica del estudiante universitario, vista como parte del bienestar psicológico (posición eudaimónica). La investigación fue correlacional. Se evaluó la inteligencia emocional de 87 docentes y se recogió información sobre la satisfacción académica de 597 estudiantes. Se encontró que existe correlación positiva entre las variables de estudio (.80), siendo el componente interpersonal el que obtuvo mayor coeficiente de correlación con la satisfacción académica. Además, se observó que el 91% de los docentes obtuvo niveles promedio y alto de inteligencia emocional; las docentes mujeres presentaron mayor puntaje en esta variable que los varones, aunque las diferencias no fueron significativas. Adicionalmente, los docentes de 45 años a más mostraron mayor desarrollo de habilidades emocionales y mayor satisfacción académica por parte de los estudiantes.