bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indication and complication of caesarean section at tertiary care hospital: a retrospective study
Authors: Ur Rehman Bilal , Gul Hiba
Published: March 2019

Background: The incidence of cesarean section is steadily rising. Cesarean delivery has played a major role in lowering both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates.  There are various factors involved in the rise of rate of cesarean section like rising incidence of primary cesarean delivery, identification of high-risk pregnancy, wider use of repeat cesarean section, rising rates of induction of labor and failure of induction, no reassuring fetal status etc.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Data was collected from patient records of the hospital during 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018. All patients (N= 602) who had delivered their baby by caesarean section were included in the study. Data were analyzed by help of SPSS version 21 after proper compilation.Results: Among all women who underwent cesarean section, majority were age group between 21 and 30 years (67.1%). Repeat cesarean section (48.5%), followed by fetal distress (18.9%), oligohydramnias (6.6%) and cephalopelvic disproportion (6.5%) were most common among all major indication of cesarean section. Intrapartum complication (2.0%) includes postpartum hemorrhage (1.2%), CS hysterectomy (0.5%), bladder injury (0.3%) and postpartum complication (2.3%) including UTI (0.8), wound infection (0.5%), sepsis (0.5%), lactation failure (0.5%) were major maternal complication of cesarean section.Conclusions: Reduction of number of primary cesarean section, successful VBAC, individualization of the indication and careful evaluation, following standardized guidelines can help to keep rate of cesarean section to the possible minimum level.
Study of cases of double mishap in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Tasneem Fasiha , Shanbhag Vijayalakshmi
Published: March 2019

Background: “Make every mother and child count”- the slogan for World health day 2005 reflects the reality and need of the society even today. In India, many women die due to pregnancy-related complications and those who survive suffer from severe maternal morbidity. Authors have been impressed that the same obstetric conditions that kill mothers are also responsible for most of the stillbirths and many of the neonatal deaths as well. This is the study to identify the risk factors that has an effect on the health of both mother and baby, to evaluate the complications leading to maternal and perinatal morbidity or mortality so that timely interventions to prevent maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality can be made.Methods: All the cases getting admitted in Dr SCGMC Nanded are analysed for maternal and foetal outcome over the study period of 18 months. The cases with both maternal and perinatal morbidity or mortality are included in the study. The associating factors and comorbidities if associated with the cases of double mishap are studied.Results: During the study period of 18mths, there were 21905 deliveries conducted in the study hospital and 742 reffered cases of outside hospital deliveries, it was found that there were 204 cases of double mishap. Out of 204 cases of double mishap, 71.56% had preeclampsia, 29.41% were anaemic, 6.86% had febrile illness, 4.41% were of placenta praevia, 33.33% had abruptio placenta.Conclusions: Authors can conclude by stating that through better antenatal care, early detection and proper management of risk factors like pre-eclampsia, anaemia and active management of third stage of labour with careful feto maternal monitoring the absolute goal of Obstetrics of having a healthy mother and healthy baby at the end of delivery can be achieved.
Role of fetal craniotomy in modern day obstetrics: case series
Authors: Xess Somila , Shrivastava Shipra
Published: March 2019

Although obstructed labor in vanished from the western world where the destructive operations are obsolete and not needed, in developing countries like India obstructed labor with dead fetus and severe infection is a sad reality, and destructive operations are an essential part of obstetric practice and cannot be wished away. In many situations they should be a preferred option to cesarean delivery which needs much better facilities and greater morbidity. Here authors present a case series of three patients who reported with obstructed labour and IUFD. Fetal craniotomy was done and thus maternal morbidity reduced. Craniotomy offers less postpartum morbidity, lesser expertise and resources and therefore better in cases presenting with obstructed labour and dead baby in developing countries.
Vascular endothelial growth factor correlation with clinicopathological parameters in ovarian cancer
Authors: Egiz Mahy , Masoud Alaa , Ellakwa Hamed , Adel Elsayed Mohamed
Published: March 2019

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most lethal gynaecologic malignancies with an increasing incidence worldwide; there is an increasing need for the identification of novel prognostic biomarkers in EOC patients. Given the key role of angiogenesis and growth factors in the biology of tumorigenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered a milestone in the process of ovarian cancer progression and invasiveness. Authors aimed in the present study to evaluate the relevance of serum level of VEGF with clinicopathological parameters in patients with EOC. VEGF is reported to be correlated with variable parameters in EOC patients including International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification, lymph nodal involvement and ascites formation. In the following review, authors discussed these correlations and distinguished the possible future role of VEGF as a promising prognostic biomarker for EOC patients.
Glycemic control with four way model approach in rural area patients
Authors: Lodhi MD. Mansoor Ali Khan
Published: March 2019

Background: It is very important to keep the Glucose levels under control continuously and without any holidays. Type 2 diabetes is increasingly common in the industrialized world. Tight glycemic control attempts to rigidly glucose control levels (A1c: 6.5% -7.0% or lower). Maintaining tight glycemic control is lifesaving. Proper counselling, proper nutrition and if regular exercise is done it can result is good glycemic control.Methods: In the present study a total of 350 diabetic patients were selected out of which only 208 participants were eligible for study. Inclusion criteria in the study were 1) Age: men and women between age group 30 years to 70 years and 2) Type 2 Diabetes mellitus with HbA1c between 8 to 10%. Exclusion criteria in the study were 1) Type 1diabetes mellitus, Pre-existing renal, hepatic or cardiac disease, Hba1c >10%. A quadriad was established between patients, personal health worker, dietician and doctor.Results: Participants had regularly followed up and were divided randomly into cases (n = 112) and controls (n = 96). Patient were followed up as per study design it was observed that at the end of 3 months period mean FBS (case group 168.2±26.4 control group 200.8±38.3 p value <0.001) , Mean PPBS (case group 204.8±53.0 control group 271.0±45.5 p value <0.001) and Mean Hba1c (case group 8.7±0.5 control group 8.9±0.6 p value .003) in cases was significantly lower than control group.at the end 6 months it was observed that the mean cholesterol, mean triglyceride, mean LDL and mean VLDL was significantly lower in the cases compared to controls.Conclusions: A systematic approach and close monitoring that increased the adherence to medication, diet, and counselling would help in better glycemic control and prevent long term complication.
Prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional, observational study
Authors: Lohakare Akash C. , Mehta Pawan , Singh Shuchi
Published: March 2019

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a distinguished disorder associated with diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The pathogenesis of CAN in patients with metabolic syndrome still remains unclear. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome and to correlate different parameters of metabolic syndrome with cardiac autonomic dysfunction.Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, total 100 consecutive cases meeting the inclusion criteria and attending the Department of Medicine in Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi were enrolled. 50 subjects who satisfied the IDF criteria of metabolic syndrome were taken as cases and remaining 50 subjects (age and gender matched) who did not satisfy the IDF criteria were taken as controls. Comparison of categorical variables was made using chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Majority of study population (i.e., 42%) belonged to the age group of 41-50 years. Overall prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction (CAD) was 25%. Prevalence of CAD among cases and controls was 38% and 12%, respectively. Overall distribution of various parameters like waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, HDL-C and serum triglycerides was assessed in all subjects with respect to CAD. Statistically significant association of these parameters was seen with CAD (p-value ≤0.01).Conclusions: In this study, strong association was found between CAD and central obesity, impaired fasting glucose, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia. Thus, the metabolic disorders are good predictors of CAD.
Evaluation of the activity of hen eggshell graft in experimentally induced mandibular defects in rabbits: pilot study
Authors: Al Anashar Ahmad , Daoud Ali
Published: March 2019

Background: For the treatment of the cranial and maxillofacial bone defects autogenic and/or allogenic bone grafts and alloplastic materials have been used for a long time. In the last decade, avian eggshell powder has been suggested as a bone substitute candidate in reconstructive surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects of particulate hen eggshell grafting on the healing of experimentally induced mandibular defects.Methods: The study was conducted on 10 adult local rabbits. Two cavities of 4mm diameter have been created in the lateral surface of the mandible. One of the cavities was filled with particulate hen eggshell graft (test one), while the other hole was left for normal healing (control one). On the 8 weeks, the rabbits have been sacrificed and defective regions have been extracted.Results: All animals showed normal wound healing. No foreign body reaction was observed, hen eggshell grafts were resorbed, integrated with bone at 8 weeks.  There were no differences between control and chicken eggshell groups in new bone formation. At 8 weeks, histological analysis of specimens showed different amounts of woven bone contained osteocytes and covered by lining of osteoblasts.Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that hen eggshell powder is a worth-while bone substitute because it is a safe, cheap, and easily available material.
Differences of blood glucose and insulin in childbearing aged women acceptors of depo medroxy progesterone acetat with non acceptors in Padang City 2017
Authors: Sari Sri Rahma , Reza Mohamad , Arisanty Dessy , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty
Published: March 2019

Background: Contraception was the way to prevent pregnancy, both temporarily and permanently. Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) is a contraceptive injection of synthetic progesterone hormone and is injected every three months, which is most commonly used currently, but that emerging consequences of long time usage of contraception, especially the hormonal one, cannot be denied. This research was aimed to see difference in blood sugar, insulin and lipid profile in childbearing aged women who used DMPA injection and Non-Acceptors.Methods: The study was observational with the comparative cross sectional approach. Research was conducted in the Biomedical Laboratory in Andalas University and Regional Technical Service Unit (UPTD) Laboratory in West Sumatera Province. Data was taken from December 2017 until June 2018. The research sampled 48 DMPA acceptors and 48 non-Acceptors. Sampling technique used stratified random sampling. Examination of blood glucose was carried out by the enzymatic method of GOD-PAP, ELISA for insulin. Data were analyzed using independent T-test and if the data was not normal, non parametric Mann-Whitney test was used. The differences were considered statistically significant if the value of p<0.05.Results: The mean blood glucose acceptors 91.27mg/dl, non acceptors 88.83mg/dl and mean Insulin acceptors 23.63mIU/L, non akseptor 24.63mIU/L. The results showed that there were no significant differences between DMPA acceptors and non acceptors (p>0.05) in blood glucose (0.059) and insulin (p = 0.603).Conclusions: There were no significant differences in blood glucose and insulin levels between DMPA acceptors and non acceptors.
Effect of exposure to active allethrin on expression of HSF2 and Ovol1 genes in a rat spermatogenesis
Authors: Sagita Retno Putri , Rasyid Rosfita , Ali Hirowati
Published: March 2019

Background: Heat shock factor protein 2 (HSF 2) and Ovo like transcriptional repressor 1 (Ovol1) genes are found in germ cells that control spermatogenesis. One reason is exposure to mosquito repellent drugs from allethrin. Allethrin is one of the causes of male reproductive dysfunction that affects male reproduction resulting in infertility.Methods: This study was an experimental post-test randomized control group design. Twenty-eight rats given exposure according to the experimental group were K (control), P1 (4 hours exposure), P2 (8hours exposure), and P3 (12hours exposure) for 30 days. Examination of HSF 2 and Ovol1 genes from testicular tissue using real-time PCR with a relatively quantitative calculation method. Implementation of research at animal houses and biomedical laboratories. Data analysis using one-way ANOVA with a significant level of p <0.05.Results: The results of this study found differences in the average number of expressions of the HSF2 and Ovol1 genes. The average expression of the HSF2 control group gene was 3.50, P1: 2.99, P2: 0.62, and P3: 0.49. Whereas in the Ovol1 gene control group were 1.17, P1: 0.80, P2: 0.57, and P3: 0.65. The results of statistical tests using one-way ANOVA are HSF2 (p = 0,000) and Ovol1 (p = 0.045).Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that there was an allethrin effect in decreasing the expression of the HSF 2 and Ovol1 genes in Wistar albino Rattus Novergicus strain.
Screening for microbial load and antibiotic resistance pattern in Escherichia coli isolated from paper currency circulating in Kushtia, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman S. M. Raihan , Uddin Md. Nazim , Nain Zulkar , Karim Mohammad Minnatul
Published: March 2019

Background: Paper currency is used for every type of commerce and plays an important role in the life of human beings. They are exchanged and come into contact with different environments and many different individuals during their circulation. Therefore, they can become contaminated with microorganisms and transfer bacteria across environments. The present study was aimed for quantitative assessment of microorganisms in circulated paper currency from Kushtia, Bangladesh and antibiotic resistant profiles of isolated Escherichia coli.Methods: A total of 10 paper currency samples currently in circulation involving three denominations (5, 10 and 500) were randomly collected from individuals involved in various occupations including street beggar, local hotel, bus conductor, poultry seller, vegetable seller, fish seller, commercial bank, ATM booth, tea seller, grocery store in Kushtia city, Bangladesh. Selective culture and biochemical tests were performed for the isolation and identification of microbial pathogens. Antibiotic resistance profiles were evaluated for isolated Escherichia coli using Kirby-Bauer method according to CLSI guidelines.Results: Aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp. were the highest in paper currency from local hotel and ATM booth. Enterobacteriaceae (including coliforms) were predominantly present in paper currencies collected from local hotel, grocery, fish seller and beggar while Pseudomonas spp. were found in currency notes obtained from ATM booth, poultry farm, vegetable seller and local hotel. Antibiotic resistant profiles of E. coli isolated from local hotel currency showed that 50% of E. coli isolates were multidrug resistant. The highest resistant profile was observed against penicillin (95%) followed by polypeptide (75%), cephalosporin (50%), quinolone (30%) and sulfonamide (5%) groups of antibiotics.Conclusions: Multiple antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria are prevalent in paper currency regardless of their sources. Paper currency could contribute in transmission of infectious disease as well as in antibiotic resistance, therefore, should be handled carefully.
Histology of lung cancer: experience from a tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: S. Veni Krishna , J. Balachandran
Published: March 2019

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide and is increasing at an alarming rate in developing countries. Inspite of advances in treatment, prognosis of lung cancer is extremely poor. It is because of delayed presentation and difficulty in obtaining histological diagnosis. Histological confirmation is difficult in all cases due to the limited biopsy specimen obtained via bronchscopy / transthroacic biopsy. Primary objective was to study the histology of lung cancer at a tertiary care centre in South India. Secondary objective was to study association between smoking habit and histological type of lung cancerMethods: Cross sectional study conducted at Tertiary teaching hospital, South India in 100 patients with suspected lung cancer. Data on symptoms, smoking status, histological diagnosis were recorded using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done on the data collected. Chi square test was used to assess the statistical significance.Results: Total 100 lung cancer patients with histopathological diagnosis were included in the study. In the present study, histopathologically 90% of the patients had non-small cell lung cancer and 10% had small cell type of cancer. In male patients squamous cell carcinoma was the most common diagnosis, and majority were smokers. In female most common type was adenocarcinoma (40%).Conclusions: Adenocarcinoma (41.9%) was the commonest histological type in our study and this was the commonest histological type seen in females and nonsmokers.
A comparative study of granisetrone, dexamethasone and combination of granisetrone-dexamethasone as prophylaxis for postoperative nausea vomiting during laparoscopic surgeries
Authors: Chilana Deep , Rastogi Bhawana , Kumar Abhishake , Singh Brig V.P. , Arora Richa , Gupta Anshul
Published: March 2019

Background: In laparoscopic surgeries, insufflation with carbon dioxide triggers vagal afferents on the bowel and peritoneum which induces emesis by activating the vomiting center. It is hypothesized that combined antiemetics with different sites of activity would be more effective than one drug alone for the prophylaxis against PONV. So, the present study was planned to compare the efficacy of granisetron, dexamethasone and combination of granisetron with dexamethasone to prevent PONV.Methods: This randomized prospective double-blind study was performed on 120 patients, aged between 18 and 58 years of ASA physical status I and II of either sex undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under general anesthesia. Patients were randomized in three groups, group I (granisetrone 2 mg I.V.), group II (dexamethasone) 8 mg I.V., group III (granisetrone+dexamethasone) 2 mg+8 mg I.V. with 40 patients in each group. Complete response, incidence of nausea, vomiting, and rescue antiemetic were recorded at specified intervals.Results: A complete response (defined as no PONV and no need for another rescue antiemetic) was achieved in 75% of the patients given granisetron, 70% in dexamethasone and in 92.5% of the patients given granisetron plus dexamethasone (P <0.05). The overall cumulative incidences (0-24 hours) of PONV were 10 (25%) in the granisetron, 12 (30%) in the dexamethasone and 3 (7.5%) in the combination group. No difference in adverse events were observed in any of the groups.Conclusions: The prophylactic therapy of granisetron 2 mg plus dexamethasone 8 mg just before induction of anaesthesia is significantly effective in prevention of PONV in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries.
Rare Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children: a case report
Authors: Fadil Lina , Almajid Emtenan
Published: March 2019

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease, formally known as histiocytosis X that is characterized by abnormal proliferation of histiocytes derived from bone marrow (Langerhans cells), joined with leucocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells and giant multi-nucleated cells causing tissue destruction. One of the first signs of LCH is oral manifestation, in some cases, the oral cavity may be the only affected area. With the chance of oral lesion incidence in LCH being 77%.Initial symptoms are generally nonspecific, which can easily cause misdiagnoses.The purpose of reporting this case is to discuss the features of LCH clinically and radiographically and in the role of the dentist when diagnosing such lesions for a proper management.An 11-year-old boy reported a complaint of swelling in the left side of the lower jaw that is asymptomatic and had been gradually increasing in size for the past 6 months without any improvements. After preforming a biopsy and diagnosing the lesion as LCH, the patient was then treated with a dose of vinblastine (6 mg/m2 intravenous bolus) for 24 weeks as a total period. Two years follow up; the patient showed no sign of recurrence and is in good general condition. In conclusion, reporting this case serves as documentation of the proper route of clinical assessment and diagnosis of LCH with the best possible treatment as guidance.
Pediatric nasal reconstruction with frontal flap: a case report
Authors: Guevara Valmaña Osvaldo Ivan , Apellaniz  Campo Armando G. , Gaspar Daniel Angeles , Leyva Sotelo Leslie M. , Chavez Serna Enrique , Delgado Laura Andrade
Published: March 2019

Authors presented the case of a 4-year-old male patient who suffered a dog bite on his face with partial amputation of the nasal tip, managed at another institution conservatively, so that one year after the injury he came for the nasal deformity. A frontal flap was performed for reconstruction achieving excellent results, coverage was achieved with similar characteristics of the skin as color and texture. The patient had a follow-up of 5 years with an appropriate course. Authors presented the case due to few reports in the literature of its use in children, where it can be observed that it is an excellent reconstructive tool.
Incidence of thyroid diseases in a tertiary hospital: a retrospective study
Authors: Sayanna Shengulwar , Shankar Muvva Uday , Ranjith Babu K.
Published: March 2019

Background: Thyroid gland diseases are common in India, particularly hilly and tribal areas. The incidence of thyroid conditions, exact figure is not available but about 5 lakh cases come for Medical Treatment all over India. To study the prevalence of common thyroid diseases in the Sangareddy district area, which is near Hyderabad, particularly age & sex specific incidence.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at the Maheshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitkul, Sangareddy district of Telangana State. The data was collected from the registers of General Surgery outpatient department, operation theatre, medical record section and cytology, histopathology registers of pathology department. A total number of 64 patients were included in this study who was admitted at this hospital during the period of 2 years, from January 2017 to December 2018. The data was analysed by proper statistical methods.Results: The study had shown that most common conditions in this area are benign diseases. The age group ranges 21-30 years, female are most vulnerable (37.51%). The pathological benign condition most common is nodular goiter 48.43%.Conclusions: The observations in this study made may be useful in future to diagnose the cases and advice regarding prevention of the disease.
A prospective study on incisional hernia, its incidence, etiology and management in a tertiary care hospital of Odisha
Authors: Pattanaik S. K. , Firodous Afroza , John Ajax , Pattnaik Harsha , Mishra Biplab , Sahu Biswajit
Published: March 2019

Background: Incisional hernia (IH) is defined as the hernia protruding through incompletely healed abdominal surgical wound. Management of IH can be preventive (avoidance of infection and suture line tension, proper abdominal wound closure) or operative (anatomical reconstruction or repair with synthetic non-absorbable mesh either by open or laparoscopy method).Methods: A descriptive prospective observational study on 51 patients with age >15 yrs was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack from August 2015 to August 2017. Diagnosis was made with clinical history, physical examination, X-ray abdomen and USG abdomen. The patients underwent different surgical procedures depending on size of defect, patient’s consent and expertise available. Post-operative complications were noted and patients were followed up to 1 year for any recurrence.Results: 28 males and 23 females were included. The mean age was 42.3 years. Most common cause of IH was post-operative wound infection (47.1%). Maximum cases were following emergency surgery (88.2%). Midline incision contributes maximum number (52.9%) followed by Pfannenstiel incision (25.4%). Open hernioplasty was the most common procedure (58.8%) followed by anatomical repair (19.6%) and laparoscopic hernioplasty (15.6%). Recurrence with suture repair was 10%, open mesh repair 3.3% and no recurrence was observed following laparoscopic repair.Conclusions: Prevention of IH is to be taken care of, by avoiding infection during index operation with thorough peritoneal toileting, proper surgical techniques and appropriate antibiotics. Although laparoscopic mesh repair needs more operating time and skill, it has lesser blood loss, hospital stay and recurrence rate when compared to other procedures.
Safety and effectiveness of intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation at Al-Dharan Eye Specialist Hospital, Al-Dharan, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alaqsam Abdulaziz , AL-Jindan Mohanna , Almahmod Ammar , Gosadi Ibrahim
Published: March 2019

Background: Intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation is one of the treatment options of keratoconus. This study is aiming to evaluate safety and effectivness of ICRS implantation at Al-Dharan Eye Specialist Hospital.Methods: This study is a descriptive retrospective case series study. The target population of this study is patients diagnosed with corneal ectasia who underwent ICRS implantation in Al-Dharan Eye Specialist Hospital, Al-Dharan, Saudi Arabia. Preoperative and postoperative data about uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle–corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest refraction, keratometry, applanation tonometry, corneal topography, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy were retrieved from medical records of department of Medical Archive. Paired students t-test was used to compare preoperative and postoperative means of study variables.Results: The total number of recruited patients in this study was 57 patients where 62% of them were males. Sixty-six treated eyes were included in this study where no intra-operative complications were recorded. Upon comparing the mean preoperative data to the mean postoperative data at three months, six months and one year intervals, an overall improvement in the measured outcomes was witnessed. UCVA, BSCVA, and keratometric readings exhibited a statistically significant improvement when comparing preoperative with one-year postoperative findings (p<0.001).Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that ICRS implantation is a safe and effective treatment for keratoconus.
A study on ureteric calculi in a rural tertiary care centre
Authors: Jagannath Kailash , Gupta Ashwin Kanakaraja , Srinivasan Narayanaswamy
Published: March 2019

Background: Urolithiasis is one of the most common afflictions of genito-urinary tract affecting almost 5-15% of the world population. Nearly 50% of patients affected will have recurrence within 5 years, making it a lifetime disease. This study was undertaken to know the clinical epidemiology and to evaluate different management modalities with immediate postoperative outcomes of ureteric calculi.Methods: This was a descriptive prospective observational study done at PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam for a period of 2 years. A set of inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined and followed. Initial assessment, basic investigations with specific investigations for ureteric calculi confirmation were done. Relevant operative procedure was done and patients were managed post operatively.Results: The most common age group affected was between 31-50 years with male predominance in our study. Pain abdomen was the presenting complaints seen in all the patients. Lower 1/3rd of ureter was the commonly involved site. URSL (ureteroscopic lithotripsy) was the choice of treatment for ureteric and vesico-ureteric junction calculi and PCNL/PBPCNL (percutaneous nephrolithostomy/push back percutaneous nephrolithostomy) was the treatment of choice for calculi at pelvi-ureteric junction and upper 1/3rd of ureter with size >1 cm. The success rate of the surgical procedures done in our study was 80-100%.Conclusions: Increasing prevalence of calculi in younger age group and in female population may be due to westernization, modern lifestyle and change in dietary habits. Having the knowledge of newer techniques will help surgeons to individualise the treatment which will improve success rate and reduce morbidity.
Single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared to the standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Ahmad Zahir
Published: March 2019

Background: Efforts to improve outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy heralded the advent of single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy to the standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy with respect to time required for surgery, postoperative pain, morbidity and complications.Methods: This comparative randomized study was conducted in M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi among 124 patients. 74 patients were included in the three port laparoscopic cholecystectomy group and 50 in the single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy group. Informed consent was taken. All patients were operated under general anesthesia. Statistical analysis was using independent t-test and chi- square test.Results: The mean operative time was slightly longer in SILC (group I) as compared to CLC/SLC (group II). Postoperative pain on VAS scale in group I after 6 hours (1st day score) was 2.44 in group I and 2.73 in group II (CLC/SLC). But on 2nd day in SILC 1.40 and in CLC/SLC it was 1.81. In SILC (group I) 4 patients out of 50 (8%) developed seroma and 2 patients out of 50 (4%) developed Biliary peritonitis due to the slipped dip. And in SLC/CLC (group II) 3 patients out of 74 (4.05%) developed seroma.Conclusions: SILC can be an effective alternative to traditional CLC/SLC, with the added benefit of minimized scarring and a shorter length of stay. This technique can be performed safely for patients with a multitude of gallbladder diseases without resulting in additional complications.
Sigmoid volvulus in Bardet-Biedl syndrome: serendipity or a new association?
Authors: Ramji Ashwath Narayan
Published: March 2019

Bardet-Biedl syndrome is a rare ciliopathy with a wide array of clinical features, including congenital blindness, obesity, neuroendocrine disturbance, hypogonadism and renal dysfunction. The association of Hirschsprung’s disease with Bardet-Biedl syndrome has been published earlier, however, there is no literature regarding patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome presenting later in life due to complications associated with Hirschsprung’s disease. Bardet-Biedl Syndrome is exceedingly rare, with only around 15 case reports published from India. Here we present the case of a 55-year-old male patient with Bardet-Biedl syndrome who presented with intestinal obstruction, raising the question as to whether his emergency presentation was a complication of his flawed genotype or serendipity.
Isolated vulvo-vaginal Crohn’s disease: case report of the rare entity
Authors: Ramji Ashwath Narayan
Published: March 2019

The vulva is a rare site for extra-intestinal manifestation of Crohn’s disease, and is usually a late feature of severe, fulminant, unrelenting disease. These islands of granulomatous tissue in the female genitalia are considered “metastatic” deposits as they are separated from the intestinal lesions by healthy tissue. Very rarely, Crohn’s disease may manifest first in an extra-intestinal site, without any bowel lesions. In extremely rare cases, the genitalia is the site of isolated primary Crohn’s disease and serves as a harbinger for bowel lesions.
Cutaneous horn in a sun-protected site harbouring unusual malignancy
Authors: Ramji Ashwath Narayan
Published: March 2019

Cutaneous horns are conical, circumscribed projections formed by desquamation and layering of keratin. Although they can appear on the skin anywhere on the body, they are most commonly seen on the sun-exposed surfaces, and are often associated with solar keratosis. Cutaneous horns are most often benign, however they are a potential site of malignancy and may harbor premalignant or malignant lesions, the most common being squamous cell carcinoma, the causal relationship being straightforward and both squamous cell carcinoma and cutaneous horns can be equated with the common epithelial maker keratin. Other histological types of malignancies are not usually noted in conjunction with cutaneous horns. Here we describe a patient with a cutaneous horn over the volar aspect of the right forearm, a sun-protected site, harboring basal cell carcinoma, an infrequent finding.
Oncocytoma: a mystifying parotid mass
Authors: Sanjive Jeevan G. , Reddy N. S. , Soundara Rajan V.
Published: March 2019

Parotid oncocytoma presents in less than 1% of salivary gland tumors. Therefore, there are only very few reported cases in literature. This tumor is often diagnosed in elderly age group. It is often misdiagnosed clinically as pleomorphic adenoma, hemangioma or Warthin’s tumor. CT imaging usually shows an enhancing lobulated mass; however, it cannot exactly diagnose oncocytoma. It can be confirmed only by histopathological examination. This case report is of an Indian female of 66 years with parotid swelling who underwent total conservative parotidectomy. Post operatively, patient has no residual disease and complications.
Inguinal hernia with ovary as content- laparoscopic repair in a Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome patient: case report
Authors: Khan Washim F. , Rathore Yashwant S. , Pol Manjunath M. , Singh Gurpremjit
Published: March 2019

Inguinal hernia is a common surgical disease. Ovary and fallopian tube are not frequently found as content of the hernia. A 18 year old female, diagnosed case of Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, presented with left sided reducible inguinal hernia for six months. Ultrasonography revealed absence of intra-abdominal left ovary and presence of ovary in the sac. She was planned for laparoscopic repair and total extra-peritoneal repair (TEP) was done. Ovary and adnexa may be content in groin hernia in females. Association of syndromes especially MRKH syndrome should be kept in mind in this group of patients. Laparoscopic total extra-peritoneal repair may be successfully attempted in this group of patients.
An acute abdomen packed full of surprises: a case report
Authors: Ramji Ashwath Narayan
Published: March 2019

“Acute abdomen” is a clinical diagnosis which defines the emergent nature of the condition, rather than the condition itself, and the true diagnosis is often only made after laparotomy or laparoscopy. On occasion, the final diagnosis is drastically different from what was clinically suspected. Diseases such as diverticulosis can have multiple possible pathological outcomes as a consequence of their inflammatory nature, such as stricture formation, adhesions, acute diverticulitis, diverticular abscess, perforation and even malignant transformation. Usually one of these complications will be the presenting factor with rarely another complication discovered during management, which may or may not have been symptomatic. Extremely rarely, will multiple pathological outcomes of a condition be present together. Here we report the case of a male patient who underwent laparotomy for a suspected hollow viscus perforation, with the resulting findings a bewildering surprise.
Incidental presence of non recurrent laryngeal nerve in our series of thyroidectomy
Authors: Bage Atul M. , Muthuvel Lakshman Bhaskar , A. C. Akshaya , Bage Nutan N.
Published: March 2019

Background: Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is one of the most important and preventable complications of thyroidectomy which is the cause of post-operative iatrogenic vocal cord paralysis. The non-recurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN), which is found in 0.25–0.99 of the patients who undergo thyroid surgery, is a rare embryologically-derived variant of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Identification and prevention of injury to the laryngeal nerve is very important in thyroid surgery. The objective of the study was to highlight the incidence of Non-recurrent laryngeal nerve in our series of thyroidectomy cases.

Methods: In the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pondicherry a retrospective analysis of all the thyroid surgeries that were operated between August 2006-November 2018 for various indications on a total of 1006 patients was done with specific interest in the lookout for anatomical variant of recurrent laryngeal nerve and findings were recorded.  

Results: Among all the cases, two patients with MNG who had underwent Total thyroidectomy were found to have anatomical variants of recurrent laryngeal nerve (non recurrent laryngeal nerve) intra operatively.

Conclusions: The NRLN is a rare finding and is associated to an increased risk in iatrogenic injury especially during thyroid surgeries unless thorough anatomical knowledge and cautious dissection is not done.

 
El diario de lectura en los procesos de acogida de familias inmigrantes
Authors: Calvo Virginia
Published: March 2019

Este artículo analiza el diario de lectura en los procesos de acogida de familias inmigrantes. Se trata de un estudio de caso exploratorio, cualitativo y de corte etnográfico que centra su objeto de estudio en la relación entre lectura literaria y escritura. La investigación se realizó en la biblioteca escolar de un Centro de Educación Infantil y Primaria durante un curso escolar con un grupo de seis madres inmigrantes. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la lectura compartida de textos literarios en un espacio acogedor del entorno escolar favorece el desarrollo de actitudes hacia la cultura escrita. El diario de lectura se utiliza para hacer memorables las lecturas compartidas, así como un instrumento de apropiación de la lengua. Por otra parte, se muestra la necesidad de las informantes de escribir para contar sus propias experiencias vitales en la lengua de acogida. Finalmente, se confirma la relación entre lectura literaria y escritura.
A solution method for image distortion correction model based on bilinear interpolation
Authors:   College of Information Science ＆ Engineering, Hunan International Economics University, Li J. , Su J. ,   College of Information Science ＆ Engineering, Hunan International Economics University, Zeng X. ,   College of Information Science ＆ Engineering, Hunan International Economics University
Published: March 2019

In the process of the image generation, because the imaging system itself has differences in terms of nonlinear or cameraman perspective, the generated image will face the geometric distortion. Image distortion in general is also a kind of image degradation, which needs the geometric transform to correct each pixel position of the distorted images, so as to regain the original spatial relationships between pixels and the original grey value relation, and which is also one of important steps of image processing. From the point of view of the digital image processing, the distortion correction is actually a process of image restoration for a degraded image. In image processing, in terms of the image quality improvement and correction technology, namely the image restoration, with the wide expansion of digital image distortion correction processing applied, the processing technology of the image restoration has also become a research hotspot. In view of the image distortion issue, this paper puts forward the image distortion correction algorithm based on two-step and one-dimensional linear gray level interpolation to reduce the computation complexity of the bilinear interpolation method, and divide the distorted image into multiple quadrilaterals, and the area of the quadrilateral is associated with the distortion degree of the image in the given region, and express the region distortion of each quadrilateral with the bilinear model, thus determining parameters of bilinear model according to the position of the quadrilateral vertex in the target image and the distorted image. Experiments show that such algorithm in this paper can meet the requirements of distortion correction of most lenses, which can accurately extract the distorted edge of the image, thus making the corrected image closer to the ideal image.
The Effect of Calcination Temperature to Mechanical Properties of Sheep Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Triyono J , Prawira S E , Triyono T
Published: March 2019

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The Effect of Astaxanthin on Glutathione Levels in Damaged Liver Tissues of Male Wistar Rats Induced By Oral Formaldehyde
Authors: . Andriani , Halim A , Handini M , Armyanti I , Novianry V
Published: March 2019

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The Effectiveness of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Using Feedback System on Chest Compression: A Comparative Study Between Doctor and Nurse
Authors: Muliyah E , Marciano O , Sutanto E , Muktiarti D , Sianipar I R , Dwijayanti A , Firdaus R , . Anhar , Tantri A R
Published: March 2019

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Developing an Influenza Vaccine Based on Genetic Engineering: The Use of Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein to Increase the Selection of Recombinant Baculovirus with Genes Encoding Influenza Viral-like Particles
Authors: Ibrahim F , Tri Widyaningtyas S , Rizqoh D , Bela B
Published: March 2019

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The Relationship of Possessor and Possessed in German
Authors: Hidayat E
Published: March 2019

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Students’ Talk on Presentation: The Combination of Indonesian Affixation and English Word
Authors: Karimah A
Published: March 2019

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Integrating the 6Cs of the 21st Century Education into the English Lesson and the School Literacy Movement in Secondary Schools
Authors: Anugerahwati M
Published: March 2019

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To What Extent Might Identity Theories Help Understand the Learning Process of EFL Students at Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, Indonesia?
Authors: . Susiati , Ummi Kaltsum H
Published: March 2019

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The Application of Practice Rehearsal Pairs (PRP) Method to Develop Inquisitiveness of Learning in Students
Authors: Aprilia Utami N , Mustadi A
Published: March 2019

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The Impacts of Edmodo on Students’ Performance in ESP Classrooms
Authors: Ngo J , Ngadiman A
Published: March 2019

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A Latent Profile Analysis of Santri’s Reading Attitude and Reading Motivation
Authors: Murtafi’ah B , Pancoro Setyo Putro N H
Published: March 2019

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The Male Culture Tradition Babali Among Pariaman Emigrants (Reinterpretation Study on Pariaman Emigrants in Bandung City)
Authors: Alfi M
Published: March 2019

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Local Content in English Textbook of Elementary School in Surakarta (Content Analysis)
Authors: Ummi Kaltsum H , . Susiati
Published: March 2019

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Gedogan Music As Estetic Tradition of Farmer People in the Village of Kemiren
Authors: Yudha Karyawanto H , Sarjoko M , Rahmanto K D
Published: March 2019

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Ethnopedagogical Study: Educational Values Depicted in Tumpek Wariga
Authors: Eka Suarmika P , Syarifah M
Published: March 2019

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The Influence of Customer Satisfaction on Financial Performance Through Customer Loyalty and Customer Advocacy: A Case Study of Indonesia’s Local Brand
Authors: Tarigan J , Elsye Hatane S
Published: March 2019

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Implementing ‘PATRIOT’ As an Integrated Model of Instruction to Rebuild the Culture of Entrepreneurship in Higher Education
Authors: Suharsono N , Rudi Irwansyah M
Published: March 2019

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The Development of Tax Administration Module Contextual Based on the Fiscal Reconciliation Material for Vocational School
Authors: Ayu Palupi R , . Susanti
Published: March 2019

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Supply Chain Management Model to Improve the Competitiveness of SMEs in the ASEAN Economic Community Era 2015–2025 in Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Indonesia
Authors: . Fitriaty , Amin S , Khalik I
Published: March 2019

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Level of Financial Literacy in Young Entrepreneurs: Study on Entrepreneurship-based University
Authors: Endro Dwi Radianto W , Christian Efrata T , Dewi L
Published: March 2019

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The Accuracy of Financial Distress Prediction Models: Empirical Study on the World’s 25 Biggest Tech Companies in 2015–2016 Forbes’s Version
Authors: Indriyanti M
Published: March 2019

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Financial Well-being of College Students: An Empirical Study on Mediation Effect of Financial Behavior
Authors: Setiyani R , Solichatun I
Published: March 2019

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Value Relevance of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure on Public Companies in ASEAN Countries
Authors: Narullia D , Subekti I , Azizah N , Purnamasari F
Published: March 2019

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Emotional Mindsets of Millennial Consumers in Surabaya on Local Indie Brands Purchase Decision
Authors: Harti H
Published: March 2019

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Multiplier Effect of the Role of Government Policy with Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility in Order to Improve Performance and Competitiveness of UMKM in the Province of Bali
Authors: Adi Yuniarta G , Cipta W , Gede Diatmika I P
Published: March 2019

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The Significant Impact of Financial Performance Assessment Value-based Management at Star Hotels in Bali
Authors: Putu Gede Diatmika I , Adi Yuniarta G
Published: March 2019

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Mediating Effect of Financial Performance on Association Between Good Corporate Governance and Firm Value
Authors: Khaira Afiani R , Bernawati Y
Published: March 2019

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Analysis of Lecturer’s Impression Management: Case Study on Management Department, Faculty of Economics and Business, Brawijaya University
Authors: Susilowati C , Adi Suardana Putra I M
Published: March 2019

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Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure of Sharia Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Sri Kustono A , Adi Nanggala A Y
Published: March 2019

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Characteristic of Human Development: Socio-economic Dimension
Authors: Hasan M
Published: March 2019

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Topical Herbal Therapy with Solanum tuberosum L. to Combat Acne
Authors: Siti Silfi Ambarwati N , Omar H
Published: March 2019

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The Influence of Drying Temperature of E7018 Electrode on the Hardness Value and Porosity Parameters on the SMAW of A36 Steel
Authors: . Syaripuddin , Setyawan C W
Published: March 2019

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Analysis Validity and Reliability As an Instrument to Measure the Self-Academic Concept in a College Student of Cosmetology of Engineering Faculty, State University of Jakarta
Authors: Nursetiawati S
Published: March 2019

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The Relationship of Learning Outcomes of Learning Competence with the Implementation of PKM in Training Schools
Authors: Yulastri L , Herawati E
Published: March 2019

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