bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of COVID-19 disease in pregnancy and breastfeeding
Authors: Rios S. S. , Resende C. N. , Peixoto A. B. , Araujo Junior E.
Published: December 2021

The physiological and anatomical clinical characteristics of pregnant women make them susceptible to complications caused by coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Increased coagulation and risk of thromboembolic phenomena are common during pregnancy; they are further enhanced when associated with a thrombogenic pathology such as in COVID-19. The treatment of COVID-19 is controversial and limited, even for non-pregnant patients. During pregnancy, the options are even more restricted due to the teratogenicity of some drugs and anatomical and physiological difficulties, especially in advanced pregnancy in patients with respiratory failure. Therefore, the focus of treatment for pregnant patients should be centered on isolation, monitoring fetal and maternal vital signs, uterine activity, and general maternal-fetal well-being. The prescription of drugs and management orientation should be based on gestational age and maternal clinical conditions. The optimal type of delivery is guided by obstetric indications and COVID-19 disease severity. Breastfeeding should be encouraged with the use of masks and hand hygiene. The treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19 brings important peculiarities that should be considered in order to make better decisions for preserving the health of the mother and fetus.
Preventive behavior of Opisthorchiasis among people in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand
Authors: Maleelai Kaewjai , Chaikaew Sasimaphon , Nakham Aungsumalin , Khumkaew Jinda
Published: December 2021

Background: Although we are in the era of the 21st-century, some people's lifestyles are still unchanged. People are still eating crude or undercooked fish, which puts them at risk for opisthorchiasis infection. This study aimed to measure knowledge and prevention behavior regarding opisthorchiasis among people resident in Ubon Ratchathani, the northeastern region of Thailand.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2nd October 2018 to 26th December 2018. The data was collected via a self-administered household survey using a systematic random sampling technique. Univariate and bivariate analyses such as the chi-square test were performed. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data, and the significance of less than 0.05 was considered.

Results: Four hundred and fifteen households have completed the questionnaire. Most of the participants were female (50.1%), aged 15-59 years old (75.3%), married (64.8%), had completed elementary school (46.3%), worked in agriculture (31.6%), and had a monthly salary of on average of 6,525 baht. Most of the respondents reported excellent behavior (94.2%) and good knowledge (80.5%) to prevent opisthorchiasis, respectively. However, there was no significant association between participants' characteristics and the related behavior to prevent opisthorchiasis (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Despite efforts to educate the community, some people lack preventive knowledge and exhibit behavior associated with a higher risk of opisthorchiasis.
Modification of Varignon’s Theorem
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia, Deswita Leli
Published: December 2021

This paper discusses the modification of Varignon's theorem on quadrilaterals by dividing the sides of the quadrilateral into three, four, five to become parts. The process of proving it is done in a very simple way, namely by using congruence. The result obtained is that the area of ​​the plane formed from the modification of Varignon's theorem has a relationship with the area of ​​the basic quadrilateral.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DENGAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN PENGOBATAN PADA PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS DI RS MEDIKA DRAMAGA
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Industri dan Farmasi Bogor, Barza A. Karuma , Damanik Enrawani ,   Rumah Sakit Medika Dramaga, Wahyuningsih Restu ,   Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Industri dan Farmasi Bogor
Published: December 2021

Tuberkulosis adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis, yakni kuman aerob yang dapat hidup terutama di paru atau di berbagai organ tubuh yang lainnya. TB paru merupakan penyakit yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dalam masyarakat. Untuk mencapai kesembuhan diperlukan pengetahuan yang baik dan keteraturan kepatuhan pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan tingkat kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien tuberkulosis di RS Medika Dramaga. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif obeservasional dengan pendekatan Cross sectional. Populasi diambil dari seluruh pasien Tuberkulosis di RS Medika Dramaga. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden 72 sampel. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrument kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan analisa univariat dan bivariate dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien tuberculosis di RS Medika Dramaga dengan nilai signifikansi 0,800.
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN PENULISAN RESEP PASIEN NON BPJS RAWAT JALAN DENGAN FORMULARIUM RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM BOGOR PERIODE OKTOBER – DESEMBER 2019
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Industri dan Farmasi Bogor, Nursanti Binar , Heryani Yulia ,   Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Industri dan Farmasi Bogor
Published: December 2021

Pelayanan farmasi rumah sakit adalah bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari sistem pelayanan kesehatan rumah sakit yang berorientasi kepada pelayanan pasien, penyediaan obat yang bermutu, pelayanan farmasi klinik yang terjangkau bagi semua lapisan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian penulisan resep pasien non BPJS rawat jalan dengan formularium Rumah Sakit Islam Bogor periode Oktober – Desember 2019. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dan data diperoleh dari pengumpulan lembar resep yang kemudian ditelaah. Penggunaan suatu obat dikatakan sesuai dengan formularium apabila obat yang diresepkan terdapat dalam formularium rumah sakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kesesuaian penulisan resep dengan formularium berdasarkan item obat (98,79%), dan berdasarkan lembar resep (96,55%). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa presentase kesesuaian obat dengan formularium rumah sakit masih belum sesuai berdasarkan Standar Pelayanan Minimal Rumah Sakit tahun 2008 yaitu (100%), maka perlu dilakukan evaluasi agar penulisan resep sesuai dengan formularium rumah sakit
OS DISCURSOS DA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO E SUAS REPRESENTAÇÕES
Authors: Teixeira Liziana , Da Silva Thaise
Published: December 2021

Este artigo analisa os discursos adotados pela Política Nacional de Alfabetização (PNA), instituída pelo Decreto n° 9765 de 11 de abril de 2019. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo documental do Caderno da Política Nacional de Alfabetização seguindo a perspectiva teórica dos Estudos Culturais. O objetivo deste estudo é entender quais são os discursos na Política Nacional de Alfabetização e como são representados. Tomando como referência o artefato acima citado constata­-se que através dos discursos: estatístico, normativo, da ciência e da psicologia cognitiva, os especialistas responsáveis pela elaboração da PNA procuram dar visibilidade a uma verdade científica buscando apagar conceitos muito difundidos nas pesquisas de alfabetização produzidas em nosso país e ainda retomar abordagens já refutadas. Nota-se ainda a busca pela homogeneização do ensino, por meio de um discurso científico, como mecanismo para alcançar o tão esperado sucesso na alfabetização das crianças passa pela legitimação da instrução fônica.
Saluran Pemasaran Dalam Memasarkan Produk Asuransi
Authors: Prayoga Rendi , Aslami Nuri
Published: December 2021

Marketing channels carry out the work of moving products from producers (insurance companies) to consumers/customers. It can overcome the time, place, and ownership gaps that separate products and services from those who need and want them. In practice, this marketing channel must also have product marketing channel management in accordance with OJK regulations. As well as any conflicts that occur in the marketing channel in marketing insurance products. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide an explanation of the marketing channels in detail in marketing insurance products to the general public.
Modes of Viewing the Urban Landscapes and Public Gardens of Early Imperial Rome
Authors: ERGİN Gürkan
Published: December 2021

It has been claimed that with Augustus, the Roman Empire and its capital underwent a transformation that divided them into welldefined and controllable spaces based on a rational use of information. Emperors like Domitian established a sort of symbolic and physical domination over their subjects by creating a medium of surveillance which is observable in architecture and sculpture as well as in literature. Yet the functions of early imperial public gardens and urban landscapes like

the Campus Martius and the plot on which the Domus Aurea rose have not been fully explored in this respect. This article aims to demonstrate how viewing, gazing and surveilling operated symbolically in these spaces through architecture and sculpture by using Foucaultian concepts such as “heterotopia” and “surveillance” as well as “imperial gaze.” The gaze of the emperor was directed to the heterotopic microcosms created in public gardens and urban landscapes, and also to individuals - elite

and commoners alike - within them. This is an “imperial gaze,” a subjective, epistemological, juridical mode of viewing that tends to categorize the landscape, its constituents and its activities within from an elevated point.
A Late Recompense: The Rediscovered Monumental Octagon at Pergamon
Authors: TEZER ALTAY Seçil
Published: December 2021

Today large parts of the ancient city of Pergamon lie beneath the current city of Bergama. Thriving on top of the ancient remains, the site consists of numerous historical layers ranging from the Roman period up to today. Thanks to its rich history, the city has been inscribed on the World Heritage List of UNESCO in 2014 with the title “Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape.” In 2013 an octagonal structure was discovered in one of these multi-layered spots where the Roman imperial expansion of the city and the 19thcentury residential settlement meet. Hints in archival documents revealed that this is actually a “rediscovery,” which highlights the importance of archival materials for current research projects in ancient cities like Pergamon that has a fairly long history of research. This article mainly examines the blanks and hints in the research history of the Octagon in three excavation periods. After summarizing the most recent discovery of the ancient structure, it addresses access issues as well as its state of preservation and the research methodology shaped in accordance with current conditions.
Remarks on the Contractual and Delictual Issues of Slaves in the Lex Baiuvariorum
Authors: Nótári Tamás
Published: December 2021

This paper intends to analyse those provisions of the Lex Baiuvariorum that regulate the position of persons in non-free status, i.e. slaves (servi, mancipia, and ancillae). In the course of our endeavour, we make efforts to find an answer to the question as to what extent the significant ecclesiastical impact, far exceeding the effect of the rest of German folk laws, becomes evident in Lex Baiuvariorum: to what extent acknowledgement of the human quality of slaves appears in the code. Not incidentally, at the end of the paper, we try to answer the question whether the meaning of the phrases mancipium, servus, and ancilla – which are usually translated by the words servant and maidservant – can be conveyed in theory by translating them by the word slave, or they require any other, more differentiated term to reveal the legal content of these phrases.
Machine Learning Based Short Term Load Estimation in Commercial Buildings
Authors: ERTEN Mustafa Yasin , İNANÇ Nihat
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, there are many problems with the electricity system, such as increasing consumption, short-time overload during the intra-day, environmental problems caused by fossil fuel, and foreign-source dependency. Therefore, it is necessary to meet these increasing energy needs, minimize environmental impacts, and develop cost optimization solutions. In order to meet these requirements, it is necessary for the network to have a more dynamic structure and to have real-time monitoring and control systems. Furthermore, to develop the aforementioned system, it is necessary to estimate the load of the users in the system. Therefore, the developed artificial neural network-based load estimation algorithm is capable of high accuracy load estimates, and high precision data were obtained for use in the demand side management system
Determining The Relationship Between Conscientious Intelligence And Traits And Their Xenophobia Towards Refugees Of The Midwifery Students
Authors: KAHRAMAN Ayşenur , ÇATALOLUK Ayşe , ALPARSLAN Özgür
Published: December 2021

The research was conducted to determine the relationship between the xenophobic attitudes of midwifery students towards refugees and their conscientiousness. The descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with students studying in the midwifery department of a health sciences faculty between April 15 and May 15, 2021. The population of the study consisted of midwifery students (N=368), and the sample consisted of 218 students who voluntarily agreed to participate in the research. “Personal Information Form”, “Conscious Intelligence Scale” and “Xenophobia Scale” were used as data collection tools. According to the xenophobia scale total scores of the students participating in the study,it was determined that xenophobia was below the moderate level and the conscientious intelligence scores were quite high. A statistically significant difference was found between the students' grades and the total scores of the xenophobia scale. As a result of the correlation analysis performed to determine the relationship between the scales, no significant relationship was found between the total scores obtained from the scales. Positive and weak (r=.144, p=0.034) between the total score of the Xenophobia scale and the ethical values sub-dimension of the Conscientious Intelligence Scale, and weak (r=-.191,) between the total score of the Xenophobia scale and the compassion sub-dimension of the Conscientious Intelligence Scale. p=0.005) relationship was determined. In the study, it was determined that midwifery students' fear of refugees was below the medium level and their conscientious intelligence scores were quite high. This research will fill the gap in the field and will provide a new perspective on the approach and communication to refugees in the provision of health services.
Comparative analysis of codon usage patterns of FUT2 from different species
Authors:   Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China, Xu Chao , Bao Wen B. ,   Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China, Wu Sheng L. ,   Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China, Wu Zheng C. ,   Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
Published: December 2021

Enterotoxigenic E. coli is an important zoonotic pathogen causing diarrhea in human and newborn animals. α - (1,2) fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) is closely associated with the formation of pathogenic receptors of Enterotoxigenic E. coli. Codon usage bias analysis can help to better understand the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary relationships of a particular gene. In order to understand the codon usage pattern of FUT2 gene, FUT2 gene coding sequences of nine species were selected from GenBank database for calculating the nucleotide composition (GC content) and genetic indices including effective number of codons, relative synonymous codon usage and relative codon usage bias using R software, in order to analyze codon usage bias and base composition in FUT2 gene from different species. The results showed that the codon usage of FUT2 gene in different species was affected by GC bias, especially GC frequency at the third position of codon (GC3). Most of the optimal codons were biased towards the G/C-ending types. GCC, CUG, UCC, GUG and AUC showed the highest relative synonymous codon usage value among different species, belonging to the most dominant codons. The usage characteristic of the codens for FUT2 gene in Sus scrofa was similar to that of Bos taurus; Homo sapiens was similar to Pan troglodytes. Effective number of codons was significantly, negatively correlated with GC3, and the relative higher frequency of optimal codon implied that FUT2 genes from different species had a strong bias in codon usage.
The effectiveness of Proteolytic bacteria in the leather and detergent industry isolated waste from the Modjo tannery
Authors:   Department of Biology, Jimma University., Ethiopia, Desalegn Tayachew , Bacha Ketema ,   Department of Biology, Jimma University., Ethiopia, Tafesse Mesfin ,   Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engg., P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University., Ethiopia, Masi Chandran ,   Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engg., P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University., Ethiopia
Published: December 2021

Protease also called proteinase or peptidase is a digestive enzyme that is categorized under proteolytic enzymes and it has great potential in industrial application. Extracellular proteases are used in a variety of industries because they exhibit practically all of the characteristics needed for biotech applications such as detergent, bioremediation, food, and leather processing. In the synthesis of all three major types of acidic, neutral, and alkaline proteases, microbial sources have dominated an unbeatable area. Alkaline proteases are a large group of industrial enzymes formed by a wide variety of species, including animals, fungi, and bacteria. The fermentation method serves to make bacteria, fungi, and yeast alkaline proteases. Proteases are produced in large quantities by Gram-positive bacteria, especially those belonging to the Bacillus genus. Following standard procedures, the bacterial isolates PMOJ-01 and PMOJ-05 with the prominent zone of clearance and efficient enzyme development were further characterized to the genus level. Moreover, the growth conditions for the highest protease production were optimized with different pH, temperatures, and NaCl concentrations, in the results of PMOJ-01 and PMOJ- 05 pH (7 and 8), temperatures 45oC, and 1% NaCl concentrations both cases respectively. The proteases activities from PMOJ-01, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and PMOJ-05, Bacillus subtilis were most active at pH 7.0 and pH 8.0 and temperature at 35oC and 45oC, respectively. The enzyme activity and the total solid protease sample of the crude enzyme of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis were 0.299 U/ mL and 0.289 U/ mL, 1.37±0.14 U/mg, and 1.199 U/mg respectively. The effect on dehairing, distaining, and scum removal revealed that the purified protease enzyme of PMOJ-01 and PMOJ-05 can be used in detergent and leather industries.
Optimization of hemolysin formation in Alcaligenes species isolated from abattoir wastewater samples in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria, Olusola-Makinde Olubukola O. , Arotupin Daniel J. ,   Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria;, Okoh Anthony I. ,   Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
Published: December 2021

Hemolysin is significantly toxic and it is used as a molecular marker for pathogenicity. This study evaluates the conditions for optimal hemolysin production by Alcaligenes faecalis strains isolated from a city abattoir wastewater. The parameters investigated for hemolysin formation were size of the inoculum, initial pH of production medium, bacterial incubation temperature, agitation speed and growth media. Thereafter, the effect by various parameter on the hemolytic activity for the formation of hemolysin were assessed. The genus Alcaligenes was assigned to the test organisms after analyzing their 16S rRNA gene sequence with accession numbers: MF498824, MF498825 and MF498827. Optimum conditions for hemolysin formation in Alcaligenes faecalis strain OS42 were inoculum size of 0.5% (v/v), pH 9, 20 oC, 0 rpm and brain heart infusion broth. Hemolytic activities, 77% and 79% were achieved at 20 h for strains OS42 and OS61, respectively. Cholesterol and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid did not affect hemolysin formation. This work revealed that the hemolysin formation in Alcaligenes strains was sourced from abattoir wastewater effluent and the effluent was contaminated with pathogenic Alcaligenes strains which is a public health hazard due to their prospective infection to human and animal.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Mengenai Manajemen Laktasi Dengan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif : Literature Review
Authors: Arifianawati Arnis , Nurlaela Emi
Published: December 2021

AbstractInfant mortality rate is one of the highest problems in the world. One of the causes is infection. Most infant deaths can be prevented by exclusive. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mother’s knowledge about lactation management and exclusive breastfeeding through a literature review. This research is a quantitative descriptive type of correlation research. 5 articles use the cross sectional approach. 5 articles use the chi-square statistical test, collecting data using a literature review, accessing Garuda Portal data, 5 articles published in 2-11-2021 by using the keyword : Knowledge, Lactation Management, Exclusi Breastfeeding. The critical study instrument used was using the JBI with 8 questions. The characteristics of respondents in this literature review indude age characteristics in the category of 20-35 years, the category of High School Education, and the category of work. The level of knowledge in the poor category obtained results of 142 (45,3%) and breastfeeding in the category of not giving with results of 172 (54,9%). The results of the analysis using the chi-square test found that there was a relationship with the p value of 0,001. There is a relationship between knowledge of lactation management and exclusive breastfeeding. The results of the literature review can improve health education about exclusive breastfeeding.Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Management Lactation, Knowledge.

AbstrakAngka kematian bayi menjadi salah satu masalah tertinggi di dunia. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah infeksi. Sebagian besar kematian bayi bias dicegah dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Pengetahuan ASI Eksklusif perlu dilakukan penelitian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu mengenai manajemen laktasi dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif melalui literatur review. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif jenis deskriptif korelasi. Dari 5 artikel yang menggunakan Pendekatan Cross Sectional. Dari 5 artikel menggunakan uji statistic Chi-square, pengumpulan data menggunakan literature review, mengakses data Portal Garuda 5 artikel yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2011-2021. Dengan menggunakan kata kunci : “Pengetahuan, ManajemenLaktasi, Pemberian ASI Eksklusif”, Instrument telaah kritis yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan JBI dengan 8 pertanyaan.karakteristikresponden pada literature review ini karakteristik usia masuk dalam kategori 20-35 tahun, kategori Pendidikan Pendidikan SMA, kategori pekerjaan bekerja. Tingkat pengetahuan dalam kategori kurang didapatkan hasil 142 (45,3%) dan pemberian ASI dalam kategori tidak memberikan dengan hasil 172 (54,9%). Hasil Analisa menggunakan uji chi-square didapatkan ada hubungan dengan nilai p value 0,001. Penelitian ini terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan manajemen laktasi dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Hasil literatur review dapat meningkatkan penyuluhan Kesehatan tentang pemberian ASI secara Eksklusif.Kata Kunci :ASI Eksklusif, ManajemenLaktasi, pengetahuan.
Gambaran Tingkat Depresi Pada Remaja : Literature Review
Authors: Pamungkas Bagas Aji , Kamalah Aisyah Dzil
Published: December 2021

AbstractAdolescence is one of the transition periods in an individual's life from childhood to adulthood. Problems in adolescents in carrying out their developmental tasks as for the impact of the problems faced by adolescents and the emergence of feelings of insecurity, anxiety, and depression which can later lead to suicidal ideation. This study aims to describe the level of depression in adolescents. Search articles through PubMed and Google Scholar to find articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by a literature review. Gender characteristics in this literature are male, 969 respondents (60%), and The level of depression was obtained as many as 837 respondents (47.8%) did not experience depression. Most teenagers do not experience depression, so it is hoped that health professionals, especially nurses, can provide health information or health promotion, related to depression in adolescents to maintain adolescent mental health.Keywords : Adolescents, Depression.

AbstrakRemaja merupakan periode transisi dalam kehidupan individu dari fase anak hingga menuju fase dewasa . Permasalahan pada remaja muncul ketika menjalani perkembangan dan munculnya perasaan tidak aman, cemas, dan depresi yang nantinya dapat memunculkan ide bunuh diri. Study ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat depresi pada remaja. Pencarian artikel melalui PubMed dan Portal garuda untuk menemukan artikel sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang kemudian dilakukan literature review. Karakteristik jenis kelamin pada literature ini berjenis kelamin laki – laki 969 responden (60%) dan pendidikan sekolah 198 (98%). Tingkat depresi didapatkan sebanyak 837 responden (47,8%) tidak mengalami depresi. Sebagian besar remaja tidak mengalami depresi sehingga diharapkan profesi kesehatan khususnya perawat dapat memberikan infotmasi kesehatan atau promosi kesehatan,terkait depresi pada remaja untuk mempertahankan kesehatan mental remaja.Kata kunci : Depresi, Remaja.
O equipamento praxeológico para o problema didático da modelagem matemática
Authors: Sodré Gleison de Jesus Marinho
Published: December 2021

Este artigo trata da problemática da profissão docente em modelagem matemática, isto é, o que ensinar e como ensinar modelagem, e da proposição de uma infraestrutura teórico-metodológica encaminhada para o enfrentamento dessa problemática. Objetivou-se construir uma infraestrutura teórico-metodológica a partir de recursos da teoria antropológica do didático. Para isso, propõe-se uma técnica de modelagem fundamentada na didática do percurso de estudo e investigação e, de modo mais inclusivo, em três gestos didáticos que preservam o caráter cíclico do processo. Os resultados a partir de experimentações empíricas sob a orientação da técnica proposta permitiu a proposição de um equipamento praxeológico útil, senão indispensável, denominado ciclo investigativo de modelagem matemática, por pressupormos que essa organização praxeológica constitui uma possível resposta ao enfrentamento do problema da profissão docente. Além disso, encaminham-se perspectivas futuras sobre o ciclo investigativo enquanto dispositivo didático duplamente funcional para o ensino e pesquisa.
Surge capacity and capability of intensive care units across a large healthcare system: An operational blueprint for regional integration
Authors: Duggal, MD, MPH, MSc Abhijit , Orsini, MD Erica , Mireles-Cabodevila, MD Eduardo , Krishnan, MD Sudhir , Rajendram, MD Prabalini , Carpenter, BA Riley , Khouli, MD Hassan , Hatipoglu, MD, MBA Umur , Dweik, MD, MBA Raed
Published: December 2021

Objective: Many hospitals were unprepared for the surge of patients associated with the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We describe the processes to develop and implement a surge plan framework for resource allocation, staffing, and standardized management in response to the COVID-19 pandemic across a large integrated regional healthcare system.Setting: A large academic medical center in the Cleveland metropolitan area, with a network of 10 regional hospitals throughout Northeastern Ohio with a daily capacity of more than 500 intensive care unit (ICU) beds.Results: At the beginning of the pandemic, an equitable delivery of healthcare services across the healthcare system was developed. This distribution of resources was implemented with the potential needs and resources of the individual ICUs in mind, and epidemiologic predictions of virus transmissibility. We describe the processes to develop and implement a surge plan framework for resource allocation, staffing, and standardized management in response to the COVID-19 pandemic across a large integrated regional healthcare system. We also describe an additional level of surge capacity, which is available to well-integrated institutions called “extension of capacity.” This refers to the ability to immediately have access to the beds and resources within a hospital system with minimal administrative burden.Conclusions: Large integrated hospital systems may have an advantage over individual hospitals because they can shift supplies among regional partners, which may lead to faster mobilization of resources, rather than depending on local and national governments. The pandemic response of our healthcare system highlights these benefits.
Quarantine and isolation facility: A State Health Department’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Balamurugan, MD, DrPH Appathurai , Greenfield, MD William , Knox, DrPH Michael , Brown, NRP Greg
Published: December 2021

Background: State Health Departments are at the helm of addressing the myriad needs during the COVID-19 pandemic, including those of vulnerable populations who do not have a place to self-isolate or quarantine to prevent the spread. An estimated 5,000 Arkansas residents face homelessness and are at increased risk of contracting and spreading COVID-19. Additionally, those living in multigenerational families face similar challenges.Objective: We share our experiences and lessons learned in planning, executing, and maintaining a quarantine and isolation facility for vulnerable population during the COVID-19 pandemic.Setting and patients: A 29-bed quarantine and isolation facility was instituted and maintained by the Arkansas Department of Health to meet the quarantine and isolation needs of vulnerable populations. Outcomes and conclusions: As the COVID-19 pandemic persists, need for a facility to meet quarantine and isolation requirements of vulnerable population is not just a critical mitigation strategy but is an ethical imperative.
Sometimes the unthinkable happens: How do catastrophic natural disasters impact the population of arts and culture nonprofits?
Authors: Gallagher, PhD B. Kathleen
Published: December 2021

Arts and culture organizations face numerous threats, and many of them are economically based in nature. As governments increasingly leverage arts and culture for a variety of policy-based agenda, it is an opportune time to evaluate the vulnerabilities facing and the sustainability of the population of arts and culture nonprofits, particularly under a variety of conditions. This should include cases when the unthinkable happens, as there is a need to understand the characteristics of the population before and after a catastrophic disaster. This research examines the population of nonprofit arts and culture organizations (NPACOs) in the United Sates and answers the questions, “Do catastrophic natural disasters impact the population of NPACOs? Do they alter patterns of formation and exit?” using quantitative analysis.
Crisis management made visible: A case study of a school fire
Authors: Danielsson, PhD Erna
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to examine how a more inclusive framing of a crisis directs the actors’ understanding of a situation and identifies unrecognized actors in the crisis management process. Crises include various extreme situations and require appropriate management frameworks to be effectively managed. The research is based on interviews with personnel who responded to a school fire and focuses on their interpretations and actions during the incident. The results indicated that the informants framed the crisis as a school fire. Consequently, the incident commander and principal became the core actors. However, an unrecognized management frame was identified, representing teachers who, in response to the crisis, upheld and normalized educational functions. As the frame representing teachers did not fit the established discourse on crisis management, it was not recognized by others involved, hence ignoring the contributions of significant role-players in the operational and pedagogical management of the crisis.
A cadre of professionals: Credentialing emergency managers to meet the disaster challenges of the future
Authors: Urby, PhD, JD Heriberto , McEntire, PhD David A.
Published: December 2021

This paper underscores the need for the emergency management field to professionalize further and mentions how this could be accomplished through direct state licensing, Associate Emergency Manager and/or Certified Emergency Manager credentialing, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Independent Study courses, or other state certifications such as the Illinois Professional Emergency Manager credential, in that particular state and as found in other states. This paper identifies the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and then reviews Drabek’s recommendations on how emergency managers may hone their professionalism through the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and abilities. The authors of this work add professional experience and in-person training to this list and discuss the implications of findings for research and practice by identifying several questions that will need to be addressed in the future. The overall recommendation of our article is that more efforts will be required to understand professionalism through research activities and collaboration across all types of emergency management organizations at the local, state, and federal levels—especially if we ever truly expect to enter licensing like professions such as medicine, law, engineering, accountancy, and teaching.
Exploring a model nuclear planning and response program: Evaluating public awareness of written risk and emergency
Authors: Peters, PhD Ekong J. , Hackerott, PhD Caroline S. , Jia, PhD Weijia
Published: December 2021

High-reliability organizations (HROs) including commercial airlines, the NASA Space Shuttle engineering team, US Naval aircraft carrier and nuclear submarine crews, and US nuclear power plants are relatively safe. However, these organizations experience system breakdowns often with catastrophic outcomes. This study focuses on risk information management strategies employed by a nuclear energy power plant located within 10 miles of a population center. The evacuation planning zone (EPZ) includes a hospital, several schools, and a public university. The nuclear plant provides written preparedness and evacuation information for all residents within the EPZ in the event of a radiological emergency. Focusing on the campus community within the EPZ, this study investigates individual awareness regarding the potential of a radiological event, the emergency information booklet, and the information provided within the booklet. We use descriptive statistics, frequency distribution, and cross tabulations (contingency tables) to establish awareness levels. Our study determines those participants who read the emergency instructions booklet are prepared to make an informed decision in the event of a radiological incident. We find college affiliation, educational level, university role, and age significantly related to emergency instruction booklet utilization. We also find gender is significantly linked to overall risk perception regarding a radiological event. Findings support previous research regarding women’s higher levels of risk aversion and pessimism involving dangerous new risky technologies and activities like nuclear energy plants. These findings support modifying policy to ensure nuclear facilities assess the efficacy of their warning systems in alerting the public. Furthermore, our findings provide guidance regarding the evaluation of the effectiveness of emergency instruction booklet distribution.
Patterns of communication during full-scale emergency/disaster drills
Authors: Andrew, PhD Simon A. , Chatterjee, PhD Vaswati , Namuduri, PhD Kamesh , Winkler, PhD Julie
Published: December 2021

The motivation for developing, administering, and participating in full-scale disaster drills is multifold. Emergency drills not only test the capacity of emergency systems but also allow organizations to learn as well as improve processes and communication structures before disasters strike. They have been used as a platform to develop and maintain collaborative networks. This article examines the extent to which organizations collaborate with others during emergency/disaster drills. A social network analysis is employed to determine the patterns of communication and interorganizational networks during the planning and implementation of a full-scale emergency exercise. Specifically, we seek to understand the communication lines that stakeholders used to receive updated information, who they reached out to when standard communication channels were down, and what backup systems were in place. The research was conducted in a municipality located in north central Texas. This study was based on field observations and involved 14 face-to-face interviews with experienced public officials and first responders involved in a municipal government emergency drill/exercise. The interviews were administered after the 2017 full-scale emergency drill. Three major findings can be emphasized from this study. First, two types of organizations, namely, city fire departments and a university partaking in the exercise, played central role as a “bridge” between various organizations during the emergency drill. Second, the types of information considered important during the exercise can be categorized as strategic, procedural, and technical information. Finally, several back-up systems including ham radio, cellphones, internet back-up, and satellite were used to maintain communication channels.
Burnout, compassion fatigue, and vicarious trauma among wildfire responders
Authors: Stout, EdD Rebecca A. , Kostamo, BA Samantha , West, MS Sheryl
Published: December 2021

Firefighting is an essential occupation that is hazardous and stressful. While researchers have established that firefighters are likely to experience burnout, compassion fatigue (CF), and vicarious trauma (VT), no studies to date have focused on these variables in a context specific to wildfire response. As wildfires and their intensity continue to be a growing concern in the Western United States, there is a need to understand the extent of burnout, CF, and VT among firefighters, particularly those who respond to wildfires. This study was conducted at a large metropolitan fire department located in Colorado (n = 186). There were three scales used for this study: the Maslach Burnout Inventory—General Survey, the Vicarious Trauma Scale, and the Compassion Fatigue Self-Test. Survey results indicated that the firefighters experienced emotional exhaustion (μ = 16.99), moderate depersonalization (μ = 11.12), low reduced personal accomplishment (μ = 29.29), extremely high CF (μ = 22.60), and moderate VT (μ = 29.15). There were no significant differences between wildfire responders and nonwildfire responders. However, firefighters who were midcareer (11-15 years of service) and those who were between the ages of 35 and 55 were statistically more likely to experience emotional exhaustion and depersonalization than their younger and older peers, thus suggesting that further research is warranted to understand midcareer and midlife stressors among firefighters.
Volume 19, Number 6
Authors: Emergency Management Journal of
Published: December 2021

November/December 2021
Analgesia vs. addiction
Authors: Coyle, MD, MS Tyler , Tantillo, DO Tyler J.
Published: December 2021

Includes Author's response.
When out-groups are perceived as out of place:
urban disorder sensitivity and environmental
distance
Authors: Jaśkiewicz Michał , Sobiecki Jurand
Published: December 2021

Introduction

These studies aimed to determine whether a stronger preference for order, structure, and predictability in the urban environment (measured by the Space Intrusion subscale of the Urban Socio-Spatial Disorder Sensitivity Scale) and a higher score on the Out-Group Visual Encroachment scale are associated with more aversive reactions towards the idea of people of another race, ethnicity, or religion settling in the neighborhood.

Material and methods

Participants were recruited through online snowball sampling (pilot study) as well as from among university students. Students were also asked to send links to the study to their acquaintances. The pilot study, as well as Study 1B, were conducted online, whereas in Study 1A the paper-pencil method was used.

Results

Scores on the Space Intrusion subscale and the Out-group Visual Encroachment scale were associated with outgroup negativity. Out-group Visual Encroachment was found to mediate the relationship between Space Intrusion and environmental distance toward Muslims.

Conclusions

Perceiving out-groups as out of place is a joint product of environmental features (visual cues of belonging) and characteristics of the individual (sensitivity to urban disorder). The challenge for neighborhoods in times of increased migration is how to shape the public domain to increase the chances of strangers becoming more familiar.
Teachers of socially maladjusted children
and youth. Occupational burnout – sense
of self-efficacy – teachers’ life optimism.
A comparative study
Authors: Sygit-Kowalkowska Ewa
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The psychological specificity of the occupation of teachers in youth fostering centres (Młodzieżowe Ośrodki Wychowawcze, MOW) and youth psychotherapy centres (Młodzieżowe Ośrodki Psychoterapii, MOS) is rarely explored in empirical studies. As indicated in the literature, working in resocialization facilities (such as MOWs or MOSs) requires more effort expended in contacts with students. Study results indicate that teachers at greater risk of experiencing aggression are also at a greater risk of occupational burnout.

Material and methods

The aim of the current study was to gather data on the intensity of occupational burnout among MOW/MOS teachers and public school teachers as well as to analyse the correlates and predictors of burnout. One hundred and sixty-nine people from two voivodeships in Poland took part in the study. The following measures were used in the study: the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and the Link Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ).

Results

Psychophysical exhaustion and a sense of a lack of self-efficacy among teachers are related to their workplace conditions. Longer job experience had a significant influence on the intensity of the individual aspects of occupational burnout and sense of self-efficacy. The current study did not reveal a significant influence of life optimism.

Conclusions

The current study requires continuation, as detailed scientific analyses of this occupational group are still lacking. There is a need for further studies on the impact of occupational burnout on the effectiveness of teachers’ pedagogical interventions.
Conceptual replication of Seo (2008), “Self-efficacy as a mediator in the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic
procrastination”
Authors: N. Williams Matt , R. Edwards Shoni
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Self-oriented perfectionism is the tendency to set high standards for oneself and evaluate one’s behaviour accordingly. Based on a study of 692 students in Korea, Seo (2008) reported finding a negative relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic procrastination – i.e., the tendency to procrastinate on academic tasks. Furthermore, Seo reported that this relationship was completely mediated by self-efficacy. Seo’s study has been influential in the literature but to our knowledge has not yet been independently replicated. In this study we report a preregistered conceptual replication testing five hypotheses based on Seo’s key findings.

Material and methods

A detailed preregistration (including data processing and analysis syntax) was lodged in advance of data collection at https://osf.io/xfvd8. Participants were 575 students recruited from OECD countries using prolific.co. Academic procrastination was measured via an adapted version of the Procrastination Assessment Scale – Students, while self-oriented perfectionism was measured via the 5-item self-oriented perfectionism subscale of the Big Three Perfectionism Scale. Self-efficacy was measured via the New General Self-Efficacy Scale. Both ordinary least squares regression and structural equation modelling were used to test hypotheses.

Results

We found no evidence of a bivariate relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic procrastination in either set of analyses. However, we did find evidence of a small and negative indirect effect of self-oriented perfectionism on academic procrastination via self-efficacy.

Conclusions

We were only able to partially replicate Seo’s key findings, having found no evidence of a negative relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic procrastination.
Isometric knee torque, quadriceps-hamstrings ratio, and jumping parameters in Brazilian soccer players of different age categories
Authors: Ferreira Isabella , Santos Jefferson Dos , Souza Matheus , Teixeira Anderson , Barbosa Augusto , Nakamura Fábio , Barbosa Alexandre
Published: December 2021

Purpose

This study assessed the isometric torque, hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio, and jump performance among three age groups of soccer players.

Methods

67 male players were divided by chronological age into the under-17 (U17: n = 29), under-20 (U20: n = 22), and above-20-year (PRO: n = 16) groups. They performed countermovement (CMJ) and squat (SJ) jumps. Also, maximal isometric contractions during knee flexion and extension for right (R-TOR) and left limb (L-TOR) torque were assessed. Hamstrings-quadriceps (H:Q) and CMJ:SJ ratios were determined.

Results

Compared with U17 and U20, PRO showed higher CMJ (Δ = 20% and 14%; both p < 0.01) and SJ (Δ = 19% and 13%; p < 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively), and higher absolute R-TOR and L-TOR during knee extension (Δ = 40% and 58%; both p < 0.01). PRO exhibited higher absolute L-TOR and R-TOR during knee flexion than U17 (Δ = 22% and 26%; p = 0.04 and p < 0.01, respectively). Between-group differences were not detected in normalized torque, except for knee extension R-TOR (PRO > U17; p = 0.04). Greater differences for quadriceps absolute torque (effect size: 1.37–1.46) were observed in the hamstrings (effect size: 0.30–0.92) between PRO and U17. No differences were found for any H:Q torque ratio, but moderate effect sizes (0.71–0.75) were verified between PRO and the other groups. No differences were found for CMJ:SJ ratio.

Conclusions

PRO players are more powerful than U17 and U20. Differences in strength level between PRO and U17/U20 are muscle-dependent. The larger strength development of quadriceps over hamstrings can result in lower isometric H:Q torque ratio for PRO.