bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fidelity of low-frequency underwater acoustic measurements by sensors mounted on compact platforms
Authors: Godin Oleg A.
Published: November 2019

Measurements by sensors mounted on compact platforms are affected by sound scattering from the platform. Assuming a spherical shape of the platform, this paper investigates the differences between the ambient and measured characteristics of low-frequency signals and noise for scalar and vector sensors. In the near field of the platform, low-frequency perturbations in oscillatory velocity are generally much larger than pressure perturbations. These perturbations prevent mounted vector sensors from correctly measuring the direction of the free-field oscillatory velocity. The feasibility of a compensation of the distortions in scalar and vector sensor measurements is discussed.
Compensating for source directivity in immersive wave experimentation
Authors: Li Xun , Robertsson Johan , Curtis Andrew , van Manen Dirk-Jan
Published: November 2019

A physical boundary mounted with active sources can cancel acoustic waves arriving at the boundary, and emit synthesized waves into the neighboring medium to fully control the acoustic wavefield in an experimental setup such as a water tank or air-filled cavity. Using the same principles, a physical experiment can be artificially immersed within an extended virtual (numerical) domain so that waves propagate seamlessly between the experimental setup and virtual domain. Such an immersive wave control experiment requires physical monopolar sources on the active boundary. However, real physical sources (e.g., piezoelectric transducers) project waves at middle-to-high sonic frequencies (e.g., 1–20 kHz) that do not fully conform to the theoretically required monopolar radiation pattern; if left uncorrected, this causes controlled wavefields to deviate from those desired in immersive experiments. A method is proposed to compensate for the non-monopole-like radiation patterns of the sources, and can be interpreted physically in terms of Huygens principle. The method is implemented as a pre-computation procedure that modifies the extrapolation Green's functions in the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral before the actual experiments take place. Two-dimensional finite-difference simulations show that the processing method can effectively suppress the undesired effect caused by non-monopolar active sources in immersive wave control experiments.
Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients derived using the zero-time windowing spectrum for classification of phonation types in singing
Authors: Kadiri Sudarsana Reddy , Alku Paavo
Published: November 2019

Existing studies in classification of phonation types in singing use voice source features and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) showing poor performance due to high pitch in singing. In this study, high-resolution spectra obtained using the zero-time windowing (ZTW) method is utilized to capture the effect of voice excitation. ZTW does not call for computing the source-filter decomposition (which is needed by many voice source features) which makes it robust to high pitch. For the classification, the study proposes extracting MFCCs from the ZTW spectrum. The results show that the proposed features give a clear improvement in classification accuracy compared to the existing features.
The Effect of 30-Second Sprints During Prolonged Exercise on Gross Efficiency, Electromyography, and Pedaling Technique in Elite Cyclists
Authors: Almquist Nicki Winfield , Ettema Gertjan , Hopker James , Sandbakk Øyvind , Rønnestad Bent R.
Published: November 2019

Background: Cycling competitions are often of long duration and include repeated high-intensity efforts. Purpose: To investigate the effect of repeated maximal sprints during 4 hours of low-intensity cycling on gross efficiency (GE), electromyography patterns, and pedaling technique compared with work-matched low-intensity cycling in elite cyclists. Methods: Twelve elite, male cyclists performed 4 hours of cycling at 50% of maximal oxygen uptake either with 3 sets of 3 × 30-second maximal sprints (E&S) during the first 3 hours or a work-matched cycling without sprints (E) in a randomized order. Oxygen uptake, electromyography, and pedaling technique were recorded throughout the exercises. Results: GE was reduced from start to the end of exercise in both conditions (E&S: 19.0 [0.2] vs 18.1 [0.2], E: 19.1% [0.2%] vs 18.1% [0.2%], both P = .001), with no difference in change between conditions (condition × time interaction, P = .8). Integrated electromyography increased from start to end of exercise in m. vastus lateralis and m. vastus medialis (m. vastus medialis: 9.9 [2.4], m. vastus lateralis: 8.5 [4.0] mV, main effect of time: P < .001 and P = .03, respectively) and E&S increased less than E in m. vastus medialis (mean difference −3.3 [1.5] mV, main effect of condition: P = .03, interaction, P = .06). The mechanical effectiveness only decreased in E&S (E&S: −2.2 [0.7], effect size = 0.24 vs E: −1.3 [0.8] percentage points: P = .04 and P = .8, respectively). The mean power output during each set of 3 × 30-second sprints in E&S did not differ (P = .6). Conclusions: GE decreases as a function of time during 4 hours of low-intensity cycling. However, the inclusion of maximal repeated sprinting does not affect the GE changes, and the ability to sprint is maintained throughout the entire session.
Physical Activity in Older Cancer Survivors: What Role Do Multimorbidity and Perceived Disability Play?
Authors: Bluethmann Shirley M. , Foo Wayne , Winkels Renate M. , Mama Scherezade K. , Schmitz Kathryn H.
Published: November 2019

Purpose: (a) To describe the relationship of multimorbidity and physical activity (PA) in cancer survivors and (b) to explore perceived disability and PA in middle-aged and older survivors. Methods: The authors analyzed the data from cancer survivors (N = 566), identified using the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry, who responded to a Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System-derived questionnaire. They created age groups (e.g., 45–54 years, 55–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and older) and calculated a composite score of eight common comorbidities (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease) to assess multimorbidity. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of demographic and behavioral/clinical risk factors (e.g., multimorbidity, perceived disability, body mass index) with PA. Results: Most respondents were females (62%), older (mean age = 68 years) and represented diverse cancer sites, including breast (n = 132), colorectal (n = 102), gynecologic (n = 106), prostate (n = 111), and lung (n = 80). PA participation was mixed; 44% of survivors reported achieving >150 min of aerobic PA, but half of lung and 37% of gynecologic survivors reported no PA (0 min/week). Higher multimorbidity (odds ratio = 0.82, confidence  interval [0.69, 0.98], p < .05), obesity (odds ratio = 0.51, confidence  interval [0.30, 0.86], p < .05), and perceived disability (odds ratio = 0.49, confidence  interval [0.32, 0.77], p < .001) were negatively associated with PA participation. Strength training was suboptimal across all survivors. Conclusion: Most older survivors experienced comorbid conditions, and this was associated with less PA. Survivors who perceived themselves as disabled or who were obese were half as likely as others to participate in PA. This suggests an increasing need to address both physical and psychological limitations in designing PA interventions for real-world needs. Exercise interventions that address the unique needs of older survivors for multimorbidity, obesity, and perceived disability may strengthen opportunities for PA.
A Controlled Evaluation of a CBPR Intervention’s Effects on Physical Activity and the Related Psychosocial Constructs Among Minority Children in an Underserved Community
Authors: Hamilton Kara C. , Richardson Mark T. , McGraw Shanda , Owens Teirdre , Higginbotham John C.
Published: November 2019

Background: Effective physical activity interventions are needed for children because health behaviors track into adulthood, and risk factors for diseases begin early in life. No study has determined whether an intervention designed using a Community-Based Participatory Research approach can improve moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the related psychosocial constructs in underserved children. This study determined whether improvements in MVPA and related psychosocial constructs (self-efficacy, knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and skills) occurred following a Community-Based Participatory Research intervention in underserved, rural children. It was then determined if these constructs were mediators of MVPA.Methods: Two fifth-grade classes at a school (n = 19 and n = 20) were randomly assigned to an intervention or comparison group. The intervention group participated in a 4-week intervention designed to improve MVPA (wGT3X-BT accelerometer; ActiGraph, Pensacola, FL) and the related psychosocial constructs (written survey). Groups were assessed prior to and immediately following the intervention.Results: There were no differences at baseline between groups. MVPA (30.0 [4.4] min), knowledge, and skill scores were significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the comparison group at follow-up (P < .05). Knowledge and skills were mediating variables of MVPA.Conclusions: Priority should be placed on research that determines the sustained impact of similar Community-Based Participatory Research interventions.
Glutamine blockade induces divergent metabolic programs to overcome tumor immune evasion
Authors: Leone Robert D. , Zhao Liang , Englert Judson M. , Sun Im-Meng , Oh Min-Hee , Sun Im-Hong , Arwood Matthew L. , Bettencourt Ian A. , Patel Chirag H. , Wen Jiayu , Tam Ada , Blosser Richard L. , Prchalova Eva , Alt Jesse , Rais Rana , Slusher Barbara S. , Powell Jonathan D.
Published: November 2019

A fresh look at glutamine targeting

Glutamine is essential for tumor growth and has long been an attractive therapeutic target for cancer researchers. Some attempts at blocking glutamine metabolism in cancer patients resulted in toxicity, prompting Leone
et al.
to develop an innovative approach to reduce general side effects. They designed a prodrug form (JHU083) of the glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-
l
-norleucine (DON), which is administered in an inert state but then preferentially activated by enzymes enriched in the tumor microenvironment. JHU083 simultaneously shut down glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in mouse cancer cells while enhancing T cell oxidative phosphorylation and anticancer immune responses.

Science
, this issue p.
1013
Double
PIK3CA
mutations in cis increase oncogenicity and sensitivity to PI3Kα inhibitors
Authors: Vasan Neil , Razavi Pedram , Johnson Jared L. , Shao Hong , Shah Hardik , Antoine Alesia , Ladewig Erik , Gorelick Alexander , Lin Ting-Yu , Toska Eneda , Xu Guotai , Kazmi Abiha , Chang Matthew T. , Taylor Barry S. , Dickler Maura N. , Jhaveri Komal , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Rabadan Raul , Reznik Ed , Smith Melissa L. , Sebra Robert , Schimmoller Frauke , Wilson Timothy R. , Friedman Lori S. , Cantley Lewis C. , Scaltriti Maurizio , Baselga José
Published: November 2019

Seeing double can be a good thing

Many human breast cancers harbor activating mutations in
PIK3CA
, the gene coding for the catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Clinical trials are underway to evaluate the efficacy of PI3K inhibitors in cancer patients. Vasan
et al.
found unexpectedly that a subset of breast cancers harbor not one—but two—
PIK3CA
mutations, and the mutations occur on the same allele (see the Perspective by Toker). In model systems, the double mutations hyperactivate PI3K signaling and enhance tumor growth. Preliminary analysis of clinical trial data suggests that breast cancers with double mutations are more responsive to PI3K inhibitors than those with a single mutation.
PIK3CA
mutational status could help identify the breast cancer patients most likely to benefit from these drugs.

Science
, this issue p.
714
; see also p.
685
Response to Comment on “Protein assemblies ejected directly from native membranes yield complexes for mass spectrometry”
Authors: Chorev Dror S. , Robinson Carol V.
Published: November 2019

Hirst
et al
. claim that proteins ejected directly from mitochondrial membranes in our study are degraded, are incorrectly assigned, lack lipids, and show discrepancies with “native states” mostly obtained in detergent micelles. Here, we add further evidence in full support of our assignments and show that all complexes are either ejected intact or in known intermediate states, with core subunit interactions maintained. None are degraded or rearranged.
Wafer-scale synthesis of monolayer two-dimensional porphyrin polymers for hybrid superlattices
Authors: Zhong Yu , Cheng Baorui , Park Chibeom , Ray Ariana , Brown Sarah , Mujid Fauzia , Lee Jae-Ung , Zhou Hua , Suh Joonki , Lee Kan-Heng , Mannix Andrew J. , Kang Kibum , Sibener S. J. , Muller David A. , Park Jiwoong
Published: November 2019

Single-layer porphyrin polymerization

Two-dimensional polymers can be made as monolayer sheets through controlled synthesis at an interface. However, it is often difficult to create intact sheets over large areas that can be transferred onto substrates. Zhong
et al.
polymerized derivatized porphyrin molecules during laminar flow at a sharp pentane-water interface to form sheets that are 5 centimeters in diameter (see the Perspective by MacLean and Rosei). The authors used electron microscopy and spectroscopy to confirm that they had produced intact monolayers. These films were then transferred onto monolayer sheets of molybdenum disulfide to form superlattices for use as capacitors.

Science
, this issue p.
1379
; see also p.
1308
Inhibition Activity of Avibactam against Nocardia farcinica β-Lactamase FAR
IFM10152
Authors: Lebeaux David , Ourghanlian Clément , Dorchène Delphine , Soroka Daria , Edoo Zainab , Compain Fabrice , Arthur Michel
Published: November 2019

Nocardia farcinica
, one of the most frequent pathogenic species responsible for nocardiosis, is characterized by frequent brain involvement and resistance to β-lactams mediated by a class A β-lactamase. Kinetic parameters for hydrolysis of various β-lactams by FAR
IFM10152
from strain IFM 10152 were determined by spectrophotometry revealing a high catalytic activity (
k
cat
/

K
m

) for amoxicillin, aztreonam, and nitrocefin.
Diagnostic Value of Detection of Pregenomic RNA in Sera of Hepatitis B Virus-Infected Patients with Different Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Lin Ni , Ye Aizhu , Lin Jinpiao , Liu Can , Huang Jinlan , Fu Ya , Wu Songhang , Xu Siyi , Wang Long , Ou Qishui
Published: November 2019

Pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) is a direct transcription product of hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), and it plays important roles in viral genome amplification and replication. This study was designed to investigate whether serum pgRNA is a strong alternative marker for reflecting HBV cccDNA levels and to analyze the correlation between serum pgRNA, serum HBV DNA, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
Modulation of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Activity in Human Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons by Herpesvirus Quiescent Infection
Authors: Zhang Qiaojuan , Martin-Caraballo Miguel , Hsia S. Victor
Published: November 2019

The reactivation of herpesviruses, most commonly varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV), may cause cranial nerve disorder and unbearable pain. Clinical studies have also reported that HSV-1 causes postherpetic neuralgia and chronic occipital neuralgia in humans. The current work meticulously studies the functional expression profile changes of VGSCs during the processes of HSV-1 latency establishment and reactivation using human dorsal root ganglion-derived neuronal HD10.6 cells as an
in vitro
model. Our results indicated that VGSC activity was eliminated upon infection but steadily recovered during latency establishment and that latent neurons exhibited even higher VGSC activity. This finding advances our knowledge of how ganglion neurons generate uncharacteristic electrical impulses due to abnormal VGSC functional expression influenced by the latent virus.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Phyllobacterium endophythicum
mTS5, Isolated from
Lupinus micranthus
in Tunisia
Authors: Waller Zoé , Rejili Mokhtar , Mars Mohamed , Brachmann Andreas , Marín Macarena
Published: November 2019

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Phyllobacterium endophyticum
mTS5, isolated from a
Lupinus micranthus
root nodule. The genome consists of 5,454,168 bp, with a GC content of 57%, and contains 5,676 protein-coding sequences.
Draft Genome Sequences of Anaplasma marginale Strains MEX-15-099-01 and MEX-31-096-01, Two Mexican Isolates with Different Degrees of Virulence
Authors: Martínez-Ocampo Fernando , Quiroz-Castañeda Rosa Estela , Amaro-Estrada Itzel , Cobaxin Cárdenas Mayra , Dantán-González Edgar , Rodríguez-Camarillo Sergio
Published: November 2019

Anaplasma marginale
is an intraerythrocytic bacterium that causes bovine anaplasmosis and is endemic in Mexico. In this work, we report two draft genome sequences of Mexican isolates from different geographical regions and with different degrees of virulence.
Deep radiation-induced ulcer following nasopharyngeal carcinoma: surgical management
Authors: Hallak Bassel , Morrison Miranda , Kohler Romain , Bouayed Salim
Published: November 2019

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), an uncommon malignancy in Western Countries and Radiotherapy, remains an effective treatment. Its side effects are classified as either immediate or late; postradiation necrosis is as an important late side effect with a strong impact on the prognosis in patients with NPC. We report the case of 65-year-old Caucasian man presenting with a deep necrotic ulcer of the nasopharynx and osteoradionecrosis of the skull base that appeared 3 months after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Conservative treatment was applied with surgical management of the ulcer. Clinical and radiological outcomes are presented. Radiotherapy remains a good treatment option with varying degrees of side effects, in particular, postradiation necrosis and ulcer. Multiple options of treatment have been described. However, the surgical management could be indicated in cases of deep ulcer with life-threatening prognosis.
Effectiveness, treatment durability, and treatment costs of canagliflozin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes in the USA
Authors: Singhal Mukul , Tan Hiangkiat , Coleman Craig I , Han Michelle , Nguyen Chi , Ingham Michael
Published: November 2019

Introduction

This real-world study compared glycemic effectiveness, treatment durability, and treatment costs with canagliflozin 300 mg versus any dose of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the USA.

Research design and methods

A retrospective cohort study using administrative claims and laboratory data (1 April 2012 to 28 February 2017) from the HealthCore Integrated Research Database were used to assess mean HbA1c at 3-month intervals, achievement of HbA1c thresholds (<7.0%, <8.0%, <9.0%), and treatment durability (ie, adherence, discontinuation, switching, treatment failure (ie, exceeding threshold (7.0%, 8.0%, 9.0%), having a prescription for a new antihyperglycemic agent)) in adults with T2DM who initiated canagliflozin 300 mg or any dose of a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Medication costs were calculated for adherent patients.

Results

There were no significant differences in the primary outcome of HbA1c levels at 3-month intervals (≤12 months) in the canagliflozin 300 mg versus any dose GLP-1 receptor agonist cohort. The likelihood of achieving HbA1c<8.0% was not different (p=0.666), the likelihood of achieving HbA1c<7.0% was lower (p=0.016), and the likelihood of achieving HbA1c<9.0% was higher (p=0.020) in the canagliflozin 300 mg versus any dose GLP-1 receptor agonist cohort. The likelihood of treatment failure after reaching any HbA1c target was not different between cohorts. A higher proportion of patients were adherent to treatment (p<0.0001) and a lower proportion discontinued (p<0.0001) or switched medication (p=0.023) in the canagliflozin 300 mg versus any dose GLP-1 receptor agonist cohort. Over 1 year, medication costs were $1421 (p<0.001) lower with canagliflozin 300 mg than any dose of GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Conclusions

This real-world, US-based study found that initiation of canagliflozin 300 mg versus any dose of a GLP-1 receptor agonist in patients with T2DM was not associated with significant differences in the primary outcome of HbA1c levels at 3-month intervals for up to 12 months after index, but showed better adherence, less discontinuation, and lower drug acquisition costs compared with initiation of any dose of a GLP-1 receptor agonist.
Cornelia de Lange syndrome: from molecular diagnosis to therapeutic approach
Authors: Sarogni Patrizia , Pallotta Maria M , Musio Antonio
Published: November 2019

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a severe genetic disorder characterised by multisystemic malformations. CdLS is due to pathogenetic variants inNIPBL,SMC1A,SMC3,RAD21andHDAC8genes which belong to the cohesin pathway. Cohesin plays a pivotal role in chromatid cohesion, gene expression, and DNA repair. In this review, we will discuss how perturbations in those biological processes contribute to CdLS phenotype and will emphasise the state-of-art of CdLS therapeutic approaches.
Novel phenotypes observed in patients withETV6-linked leukaemia/familial thrombocytopenia syndrome and a biallelicARID5Brisk allele as leukaemogenic cofactor
Authors: Karastaneva Anna , Nebral Karin , Schlagenhauf Axel , Baschin Marcel , Palankar Raghavendra , Juch Herbert , Heitzer Ellen , Speicher Michael R , Höfler Gerald , Grigorow Irina , Urban Christian , Benesch Martin , Greinacher Andreas , Haas Oskar A , Seidel Markus G
Published: November 2019

Background.The phenotypes of patients with the recently discovered, dominant,ETV6-linked leukaemia predisposition and familial thrombocytopenia syndrome are variable, and the exact mechanism of leukaemogenesis remains unclear.

Patients and Methods.Here, we present novel clinical and laboratory phenotypes of seven individuals from three families withETV6germline mutations and a refined genetic analysis of one child with additional high-hyperdiploid acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (HD-ALL), aiming to elucidate second oncogenic hits.

Results.Four individuals from two pedigrees harboured one novel or one previously described variant in the central domain ofETV6(c.592C>T, p.Gln198* or c.641C>T, p.Pro241Leu, respectively). Neutropenia was an accompanying feature in one of these families that also harboured a variant inRUNX1(c.1098_1103dup, p.Ile366_Gly367dup), while in the other, an autism-spectrum disorder was observed. In the third family, the index patient suffered from HD-ALL and life-threatening pulmonary mucor mycosis, and had a positive family history of ‘immune’ thrombocytopenia. Genetic analyses revealed a novel heterozygous mutation in the ETS domain ofETV6(c.1136T>C, p.Leu379Pro) along with absence of heterozygosity of chromosome (10)(q21.2q21.3), yielding a biallelic leukaemia risk allele inARID5B(rs7090445-C). The neutrophil function was normal in all individuals tested, and the platelet immune histochemistry of all three pedigrees showed delta-storage-pool defect-like features and cytoskeletal defects.

Conclusions.Our clinical observations and results of high-resolution genetic analyses extend the spectrum of possible phenotypes cosegregating withETV6germline mutations. Further, we proposeARID5Bas potential leukaemogenic cofactor in patients withETV6-linked leukaemia predisposition and familial thrombocytopenia syndrome.
Have ignorance and abuse of authorship criteria decreased over the past 15 years?
Authors: Decullier Evelyne , Maisonneuve Hervé
Published: November 2019

Objective

A high prevalence of authorship problems can have a severe impact on the integrity of the research process. We evaluated the authorship practices of clinicians from the same university hospital in 2019 to compare them with our 2003 data and to find out if the practices had changed.

Methods

Practitioners were randomly selected from the hospital database (Hospices Civils de Lyon, France). The telephone interviews were conducted by a single researcher (HM) using a simplified interview guide compared with the one used in 2003. The doctors were informed that their answers would be aggregated without the possibility of identifying the respondents. During the interviews, the researcher ticked the boxes with the answers on a paper file.

Results

We interviewed 26 clinicians (mean age 49±8 years) from various medical specialties. They were unfamiliar with the ICMJE (International Committee of Medical Journal Editors) criteria for writing medical articles and felt that these criteria were not well met in general. With regard to ways of reducing the practice of honorary authors, the participants clearly felt that asking for a signature was hypocritical and of little use. The ghost authors were well known; this practice was considered as rather rare. The ‘publish or perish’ has always been cited as being responsible for bad practices (26/26: 100%). We compared these results with those observed in 2003 and no improvement has been observed in the past 15 years.

Conclusion

For the second time in France, within a 15-year interval, we have shown that the ICMJE criteria were ignored and that honorary authorship was frequent.
Analysis of porcine OSBPL5 gene allelic expression in skeletal muscle and association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the coding region with production traits
Authors: Wang Meng , Wei Deli , Cao Guiling , Zhu Guiyu , Jiang Yunliang
Published: November 2019

Genes that exhibit allelic expression imbalance and imprinted genes play important roles in the survival of the embryo and postnatal growth regulation. In this study, the porcine oxysterol-binding protein-related 5 (OSBPL5) gene was examined, and the 2140G>A mutation (rs318687202) was found in its coding region by a comparison of Laiwu and Landrace pigs. By allele-specific expression analysis based on a specific single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), the imprinting status of OSBPL5 gene in skeletal muscle from both neonate and adult pigs was determined. The results showed that the OSBPL5 was paternally imprinted in skeletal muscle from adults but biallelically expressed with predominantly maternal imprinting in neonates. The distribution of the 2140G>A SNP in four pig populations was analyzed, which showed that GG genotype was dominant in Duroc and Dapulian populations, whereas the AG genotype was dominant in Junmu-1 and Laiwu populations. Pigs with the GG genotype had significantly larger litters and greater cannon bone circumferences but a lower average daily gain than pigs with the AA genotype. In conclusion, we determined the difference in the allelic expression of OSBPL5 between adult and neonate pigs and identified an SNP in its coding region that is associated with production traits.
Does experimentally altered plumage brightness influence extra-pair mating success in female Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor)?
Authors: Berzins Lisha L. , Dawson Russell D.
Published: November 2019

Recent empirical evidence suggests that ornamental traits displayed by female birds may reflect aspects of their quality, and function during competitive interactions and (or) social mate attraction; however, less is known about how such traits influence extra-pair paternity. In Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor (Vieillot, 1808)), plumage brightness of females signals their quality and may be related to extra-pair paternity if it enables them to invade the territories of other females to seek extra-pair copulations and (or) if potential extra-pair mates perceive their plumage brightness as attractive. Therefore, to examine whether the plumage brightness displayed by females influence rates of extra-pair paternity and the number of sires per brood, we experimentally enhanced and reduced the plumage brightness of females relative to controls. Our results showed that plumage brightness treatment of the female did not influence the number of extra-pair offspring in nests or the likelihood of a brood containing extra-pair offspring. Additionally, the number of extra-pair males siring offspring within the broods of females did not differ by plumage brightness treatment. Although extra-pair paternity has been shown to be beneficial for female Tree Swallows, our results suggest that plumage brightness of females does not influence their ability to engage in extra-pair mating.
Discrete effect on single-node boundary schemes of lattice Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook model for convection-diffusion equations
Authors: Wang Liang , Meng Xuhui , Wu Hao-Chi , Wang Tian-Hu , Lu Gui
Published: November 2019

The discrete effect on the boundary condition has been a fundamental topic for the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) in simulating heat and mass transfer problems. In previous works based on the anti-bounce-back (ABB) boundary condition for convection-diffusion equations (CDEs), it is indicated that the discrete effect cannot be commonly removed in the Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook (BGK) model except for a special value of relaxation time. Targeting this point in this paper, we still proceed within the framework of BGK model for two-dimensional CDEs, and analyze the discrete effect on a non-halfway single-node boundary condition which incorporates the effect of the distance ratio. By analyzing an unidirectional diffusion problem with a parabolic distribution, the theoretical derivations with three different discrete velocity models show that the numerical slip is a combined function of the relaxation time and the distance ratio. Different from previous works, we definitely find that the relaxation time can be freely adjusted by the distance ratio in a proper range to eliminate the numerical slip. Some numerical simulations are carried out to validate the theoretical derivations, and the numerical results for the cases of straight and curved boundaries confirm our theoretical analysis. Finally, it should be noted that the present analysis can be extended from the BGK model to other lattice Boltzmann (LB) collision models for CDEs, which can broaden the parameter range of the relaxation time to approach 0.5.
Structural and electronic transitions of crystalline 2,2′-iminobis (acetamide oxime) induced by different pressure
Authors: Chen Limin , Zhang Kun , Huang Xin , Zhang Yanbin , Xie Qiyun , Li Jun
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the structural, electronic and absorption properties of 2,2′-iminobis (acetamide oxime) (IBO) under pressure of 0–300[Formula: see text]GPa are calculated by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Analysis of the variation trend of lattice constant, bond length and bond angle of IBO under compression conditions, shows there are complex transformations under different pressure. In addition, it is found that the structure of IBO in the [Formula: see text]-axis is stiffer than that along the [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-axes, which indicates that the crystal has anisotropic compressibility. By analyzing the band structure and the density of states of IBO, it is seen that at 120[Formula: see text]GPa, the electronic structure of IBO changes into metallic system, and becomes more sensitive under compression conditions. The transition between metal and semiconductor occurs again at 150[Formula: see text]Gpa. Finally, at 180[Formula: see text]GPa, the crystal transforms into metal again. The three obvious phase transitions indicate that the structure of IBO becomes more unstable with the increase of pressure. The absorption spectra show that with the increase of pressure, the optical activity of IBO crystal grows higher, and three obvious structural transitions are, respectively, observed at 120, 150 and 180[Formula: see text]GPa.
The uniformity of TiN films deposited on the inner surfaces of a hemispherical workpiece by high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering
Authors: Liu H. Y. , Deng Q. Y. , Ma D. L. , Li Y. T. , Huang N. , Leng Y. X.
Published: November 2019

TiN films deposited by magnetron sputtering are widely used to improve the surface properties of components and prolong their service life. However, for complex shaped workpieces, such as hoods, the shadow effect will cause the nonuniformity of thickness, structure and performance of the as-deposited films and thus reduce their service life. High-power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HPPMS) is characterized by high ionization rate of target atoms, which makes it easy to control the energy and direction of deposited particles, and then to prepare highly uniform and compact films. In this paper, TiN films were deposited on the inner surfaces of a hemispherical workpiece by HPPMS at different working pressure. The film thickness, crystallographic structure, microhardness and morphology of the films were investigated by surface profilometer, XRD, SEM and microhardness tester. The results show that the thickness uniformity of TiN film on the inner surface of the hemispherical workpiece decreases, and the uniformity of structure and hardness increase with the increase of working pressure.
Heterocomponent ternary supramolecular complexes of porphyrins: A review
Authors: Prigorchenko Elena , Ustrnul Lukas , Borovkov Victor , Aav Riina
Published: November 2019

Porphyrins are prominent host molecules which are widely used due to their structural characteristics and directional interaction sites. This review summarizes non-covalently bound ternary complexes of porphyrins, constructed from at least three non-identical species. Progress in supramolecular chemistry allows the creation of complex molecular machinery tools, such as rotors, motors and switches from relatively simple structures in a single self-assembly step. In the current review, we highlight the collection of sophisticated molecular ensembles including sandwich-type complexes, cages, capsules, tweezers, rotaxanes, and supramolecular architectures mediating oxygen-binding and oxidation reactions. These diverse structures have high potential to be applied in sensing, production of new smart materials as well as in medical science.
Unusual Forearm Deformity Solved by 3D Custom Made Guides
Authors: Gallego Maria de los Angeles De la Red , Otero Jose Couceiro , Prado Tovar Marta De , Gutierrez Higinio Ayala , Sanchez Crespo Manuel Ruben
Published: November 2019

We report a case of a symptomatic forearm deformity due to a premature distal ulnar fracture solved by 3D custom made cutting guides. Our patient is a sixteen years old girl referred to us due to a forearm deformity and a dysplasic ulnar head associated to pain at the dorsum of the distal ulna and at the radial head at the elbow. Using custom-made cutting guides on a 3D model, a both bone forearm osteotomy was performed. At 18 months of follow up, the range of motion did not improve significantly but our patient referred no pain and she was satisfied with the procedure. The accuracy of single cut osteotomies, utilizing three-dimensional planning and custom patient guides has been previously established. This technique helped with the pain in our case.
Retrospective on "a delay-tolerant network architecture for challenged internets"
Authors: Fall Kevin
Published: November 2019

This article provides a brief retrospective on the evolution of Delay Tolerant Networking since 2003.
Reflections on a clean slate 4D approach to network control and management
Authors: Greenberg Albert , Maltz David A. , Rexford Jennifer , Xie Geoffrey , Zhan Jibin , Zhang Hui
Published: November 2019

It's been 15 years since what we now call Software Defined Network began emerging out of a set of ideas in the networking research community. This editorial note traces how the ideas in one particular paper from that time have evolved and found practical applications.
Don't mind the gap: Bridging network-wide objectives and device-level configurations
Authors: Beckett Ryan , Mahajan Ratul , Millstein Todd , Padhye Jitendra , Walker David
Published: November 2019

We reflect on the historical context that lead to Propane, a high-level language and compiler to help network operators bridge the gap between network-wide routing objectives and low-level configurations of devices that run complex, distributed protocols. We also highlight the primary contributions that Propane made to the networking literature and describe ongoing challenges. We conclude with an important lesson learned from the experience.
Metered Verse
Authors: Kiparsky Paul
Published: November 2019

Generative metrics studies versification as a stylization of phonological form. This review article outlines its main goals, hypotheses, and findings and presents a template-matching version of it, which models meters as mappings of abstract verse patterns to their permissible linguistic instantiations. It lays out the key features that verse rhythm shares with rhythm in other cognitive domains and distinguishes it from biological rhythms, offering evidence suggesting that these features are rooted in the language faculty. After a review of the typology of stress-, weight-, and tone-based meters, the predictions of the theory are illustrated in more detail with an analysis of Shakespeare's blank verse. The theory is extended by modeling conventions of setting poems to music as an interface between composition and delivery. English text-setting, which privileges natural phonological stress and phrasing, even at the expense of the poem's meter, lineation, and caesuras, is contrasted with other traditions in which text-setting is more faithful to meter. The negotiation of phonology and meter in song provides a sensitive probe into the prosodic organization of language.
Cl− as a bona fide signaling ion
Authors: Lüscher Benjamin P. , Vachel Laura , Ohana Ehud , Muallem Shmuel
Published: November 2019

Cl− is the major extracellular (Cl−out) and intracellular (Cl−in) anion whose concentration is actively regulated by multiple transporters. These transporters generate Cl− gradients across the plasma membrane and between the cytoplasm and intracellular organelles. [Cl−]in changes rapidly in response to cell stimulation and influences many physiological functions, as well as cellular and systemic homeostasis. However, less appreciated is the signaling function of Cl−. Cl− interacts with multiple proteins to directly modify their activity. This review highlights the signaling function of Cl− and argues that Cl− is a bona fide signaling ion, a function deserving extensive exploration.
Mitochondria: at the crossroads of regulating lung epithelial cell function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Aghapour Mahyar , Remels Alexander H. V. , Pouwels Simon D. , Bruder Dunja , Hiemstra Pieter S. , Cloonan Suzanne M. , Heijink Irene H.
Published: November 2019

Disturbances in mitochondrial structure and function in lung epithelial cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Such disturbances affect not only cellular energy metabolism but also alter a range of indispensable cellular homeostatic functions in which mitochondria are known to be involved. These range from cellular differentiation, cell death pathways, and cellular remodeling to physical barrier function and innate immunity, all of which are known to be impacted by exposure to cigarette smoke and have been linked to COPD pathogenesis. Next to their well-established role as the first physical frontline against external insults, lung epithelial cells are immunologically active. Malfunctioning epithelial cells with defective mitochondria are unable to maintain homeostasis and respond adequately to further stress or injury, which may ultimately shape the phenotype of lung diseases. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of cigarette smoke on the development of mitochondrial dysfunction in the lung epithelium and highlight the consequences for cell function, innate immune responses, epithelial remodeling, and epithelial barrier function in COPD. We also discuss the applicability and potential therapeutic value of recently proposed strategies for the restoration of mitochondrial function in the treatment of COPD.
Grasping adjustments to haptic, visual, and visuo-haptic object perturbations are contingent on the sensory modality
Authors: Camponogara Ivan , Volcic Robert
Published: November 2019

Haptics provides information about the size and position of a handheld object. However, it is still unknown how haptics contributes to action correction if a sudden perturbation causes a change in the configuration of the handheld object. In this study, we have occasionally perturbed the size of an object that was the target of a right-hand reach-to-grasp movement. In some cases, participants were holding the target object with their left hand, which provided haptic information about the object perturbation. We compared the corrective responses to perturbations in three different sensory conditions: visual (participants had full vision of the object, but haptic information from the left hand was prevented), haptic (object size was sensed by the left hand and vision was prevented), and visuo-haptic (both visual and haptic information were available throughout the movement). We found that haptic inputs evoked faster contralateral corrections than visual inputs, although actions in haptic and visual conditions were similar in movement duration. Strikingly, the corrective responses in the visuo-haptic condition were as fast as those found in the haptic condition, a result that is contrary to that predicted by simple summation of unisensory signals. These results suggest the existence of a haptomotor reflex that can trigger automatic and efficient grasping corrections of the contralateral hand that are faster than those initiated by the well-known visuomotor reflex and the tactile-motor reflex.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that online grip aperture corrections during grasping actions are contingent on the sensory modality used to detect the object perturbation. We found that sensing perturbations with the contralateral hand only (haptics) leads to faster action corrections than when object perturbations are only visually sensed. Moreover, corrections following visuo-haptic perturbations were as fast as those to haptic perturbations. Thus a haptomotor reflex triggers faster automatic responses than the visuomotor reflex.
The Link between Type III Reg and STAT3-Associated Cytokines in Inflamed Colonic Tissues
Authors: Xu Xin , Fukui Hirokazu , Ran Ying , Wang Xuan , Inoue Yoshihito , Ebisudani Nobuhiko , Nishimura Heihachiro , Tomita Toshihiko , Oshima Tadayuki , Watari Jiro , Kiyama Hiroshi , Miwa Hiroto
Published: November 2019

Reg (regenerating gene) family proteins are known to be overexpressed in gastrointestinal (GI) tissues under conditions of inflammation. However, the pathophysiological significance of Reg family protein overexpression and its regulation is still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the profile ofRegfamily gene expression in a colitis model and focused on the regulation of Reg IIIβand IIIγ, which are overexpressed in inflamed colonic mucosa. C57BL/6 mice were administered 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for five days, and their colonic tissues were investigated histopathologically at interval for up to 12 weeks. Gene expression of theRegfamily and cytokines (IL-6,IL-17, andIL-22) was evaluated by real-time RT-PCR, and Reg IIIβ/γexpression was examined by immunohistochemistry. The effects of cytokines on STAT3 phosphorylation and HIP/PAP (type III REG) expression in Caco2 and HCT116 cells were examined by Western blot analysis. AmongRegfamily genes,Reg IIIβandIIIγwere alternatively overexpressed in the colonic tissues of mice with DSS-induced colitis. The expression of STAT3-associatedcytokines(IL-6,IL-17, andIL-22) was also significantly increased in those tissues, being significantly correlated with that ofReg IIIβ/γ. STAT3 phosphorylation and HIP/PAP expression were significantly enhanced in Caco2 cells upon stimulation with IL-6, IL-17, and IL-22. In HCT116 cells, those enhancements were also observed by IL-6 and IL-22 stimulations but not IL-17. The link between type III Reg and STAT3-associated cytokines appears to play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of DSS-induced colitis.
SNI: Supervised Anonymization Technique to Publish Social Networks Having Multiple Sensitive Labels
Authors: Karimi Rizi A. , Naderi Dehkordi M. , Nemat bakhsh N.
Published: November 2019

In social networks, preserving privacy and preserving correlation among sensitive labels are a matter of trade-off. This paper presents a supervised anonymization technique, SNI (social network immunization), to publish social networks having multiple sensitive labels with correlation. SNI publishes all sensitive labels without distorting them. It publishes sensitive labels along with innovative labels named “partial sensitive labels” in an immune graph and multiple supplementary trees. These graph and trees, by itself or with the combination of other objects, supply correlation among sensitive labels for membership analysis. We present a framework along with an algorithm for extracting the immune graph and supplementary trees. These graph and trees minimize the membership error rate for membership analysis. The practical evaluation of the cancer code label of individuals also indicates the effectiveness of the SNI method.
Effect of Cyclic Freezing-Thawing on the Shear Mechanical Characteristics of Nonpersistent Joints
Authors: Lei Daxing , Lin Hang , Chen Yifan , Cao Rihong , Wen Zhijie
Published: November 2019

The effects of freezing-thawing cycles and persistency differences have a significant impact on the shear mechanical properties of joints. In this paper, a series of joints direct shear tests were performed on freezing-thawing treated joints to investigate the effect of freezing-thawing cycles and the persistency on the shear strength deterioration of joints. Shear strength and residual strength decrease with the freezing-thawing cycle increase and joint persistency increase. Shear strength damage mainly generates in the initial stage of the freezing-thawing cycle, and the shear strength decreases slightly in the late freezing-thawing cycle stage. The freeze-thaw cycle has a minimal effect on the shear strength of joints with low persistency, yet has a great effect on joints with high persistency. The damage of joint roughness caused by freezing-thawing cycles increases with joint persistency increases. When the joint persistency is constant, the shear strength parameter decreases with the freezing-thawing cycle at first and then tends to be stable. Cohesion is the dominant factor that controls shear strength. When freezing-thawing cycles are constant, the friction angle decreases slowly with persistency at first and then decreases rapidly, and the friction angle is the dominant factor that controls shear strength.
Identification of Multiple Protein Kinases in Normal
Human Lymphocytes
Authors: Piras Marta M. , Horenstein Alberto , Piras Romano
Published: November 2019

The protein kinase activity of a 10,000 £ supernatant of purified human lymphocytes
can be resolved by DEAE-cellulose chromatography into six protein kinase fractions: three of
them phosphorylate casein preferentially, and three histones. The same procedure with the
corresponding nuclear fraction yields only two casein kinases. All these fractions, except one
casein kinase of the cytosol, have been studied with respect to protein and nucleotide specificity,
effect of salts and of cyclic nucleotides, sedimentation, etc. The results obtained indicate that the
enzyme fractions of the cytosol have distinct characteristics, suggesting that they are different
protein kinases, and that the nuclear casein kinases are similar to the two main casein kinases of
the cytosol.