bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovación en la base de la pirámide: como las empresas sociales crean nuevos modelos de negocio, transforman mercados y generan impacto
Authors:   WWF Chile, MONTENEGRO Josue C.
Published: March 2021

Este artículo analiza el funcionamiento y desarrollo de las empresas sociales en mercados de la Base de la Pirámide y se focaliza en cómo estas organizaciones impulsan procesos de co-creación, experimentación y alianzas con miembros de este ecosistema para identificar necesidades insatisfechas, aprovechar recursos y mejorar su gobernanza, últimamente consolidando nuevos modelos de negocio híbridos que por medio de propuestas de valor y canales de distribución innovadores reduzcan las vulnerabilidades presentes y brinden oportunidades de desarrollo social.
Plan promocional: Herramienta para elevar el valor de marca del sector cooperativista en Tungurahua-Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Ambato, BALLESTEROS Leonardo G. , MONTENEGRO Arturo F. ,   Universidad Técnica de Ambato, GUERRERO Cesar A. ,   Universidad Técnica de Ambato, ANGAMARCA Mishell E.
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue proponer un plan promocional como herramienta para elevar el valor de marca en el sector cooperativista. La técnica que se utilizó fue el método teórico para conocer los factores que influyen en la marca. Se utilizó también un muestreo probabilístico por estratos para obtener una muestra de 228 clientes potenciales entre 15 a 55 años específicamente de la ciudad de Ambato. Dentro de los resultados se evaluó el valor de marca a través de 5 componentes propuestos por Aaker y la construcción de un perfil de socio, con el fin de potencializar una ventaja competitiva en el mercado a través de la aplicación de un plan promocional. Se elaboró un plan promocional que personalice la relación con su público, para dar a conocer una nueva faceta de la cooperativa, empatizada y preocupada por las necesidades de sus socios. Además, engloba la captación del mensaje (presentación y contenido) con la utilización de estrategias de valor de marca, de acuerdo con los grupos sociales a quienes estén dirigidos, para obtener una decisión de compra favorable; así como los canales por los cuales difundir la información publicitaria.
Determinant factors of culinary creative business performance in the city of Makassar
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia, HATIDJA ST , TAWE Amiruddin ,   Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia, MUSA Chalid I. ,   Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia, HALISU La ,   Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the capabilities of business performance in creative culinary ventures in Makassar City, Indonesia. Data were obtained from sources using a questionnaire distributed to 1,402 entrepreneurs in the small and medium business category. The sampling method is probability sampling with simple random sampling technique. The number of samples in this study was determined using the Slovin formula of 311 people, totalling 197 respondents who received the questionnaire in full. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with structural equation modelling techniques. The research findings explain dynamic capabilities that are important for enhancing innovation and business performance, as well as to assist future researchers to examine other factors that are predictors in improving business performance.
El bono de discapacidad y su utilización en los servicios de salud de Guayaquil - Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador, QUIJIJE Brigida A. , CEDEÑO Wilson B. ,   Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador, CHALEN Sheyla M. ,   Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador,   Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador, CUENCA Lissete
Published: March 2021

El trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la precepción de las personas que reciben el bono de discapacidad de los Servicios de salud, se hace un breve análisis de la inclusión social en Ecuador, la investigación es exploratoria y descriptiva se realiza un tipo de muestreo no probabilístico con una muestra de 308 pacientes, se evidencia por parte de las personas con discapacidad que las áreas de rehabilitación de los centros de salud público no abastece la demanda de las personas con discapacidad física, otra limitante es la dificultad en el acceso a la atención de los especialistas existiendo un déficit de atención por lo que tiene que recurrir a tratar sus dolencias en centros privados utilizando el bono o la pensión para cubrir sus costos de salud.
Movilidad y aprendizaje: utilización de la inteligencia artificial para la traducción de textos en LSC
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia. Colombia, CASTIBLANCO Diego F. , MONTES John F. ,   Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia. Colombia
Published: March 2021

Dado que las personas sordas se enfrentan a barreras comunicativas por el uso frecuente del castellano, y que los procesos educativos para los sordos presentan deficiencias para crear habilidades de comprensión de letreros y etiquetas de su entorno, un grupo de docentes de la UNAD presenta los resultados de su investigación a la comunidad del país los avances del diseño de un aplicativo móvil que permite al sordo traducir textos en castellano a LSC.
El costo de remediación del recurso agua por contaminación de coliformes fecales en el Estero Salado, sector La Chala, Guayaquil-Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador, PINO Sergio L. , BARROS Danilo V. ,   Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador, SISALEMA Lila A. ,   Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador, FERNANDEZ Pedro L. ,   Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador, MOLINA Carlos D. ,   Universidad de Guayaquil. Ecuador
Published: March 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue calcular el costo de la remediación del recurso agua, producto de la contaminación por Coliformes fecales en el Estero Salado, sector La Chala, Guayaquil-Ecuador. Para ello, se empleó la metodología general de evaluación de daños ambientales, que considera el costo de los insumos y mano de obra que empleará la remediación total del recurso ambiental. Los resultados del estudio determinaron un costo de remediación de $139.558,05 durante los cinco años que dura la restauración.
Politically Robust Financial Regulation
Authors: Agur Itai
Published: March 2021

The deferred recognition of COVID-induced losses at banks in many countries has
reignited the debate on regulatory forbearance. This paper presents a model where the
public's own political pressure drives regulatory policy astray, because the public is poorly
informed. Using probabilistic game stages, the model parameterizes how time consistent
policy is. The interaction between political motivations and time consistency is novel and
complex: increased policy credibility can entice the politically-motivated regulator to act
in the public's best interest, or instead repel it from doing so. Considering several
regulatory instruments, the paper probes the nexus of political pressure, perverse bank
incentives and time inconsistent policy.
Investor Information and Bank Instability During the Euro Crisis
Authors: Iorgova Silvia , Ross Chase
Published: March 2021

Outside of financial crises, investors have little incentive to produce private information on banks’ short-term liabilities held as information-insensitive safe assets. The same does not hold true during crises. We measure daily information production using data from credit default swap spreads during the global financial crisis and the subsequent European debt crisis. We study abnormal information production around major events and interventions during these crises and find that, on average, capital injections reduced abnormal information production while early European stress tests increased it. We also link information production to outcomes: high levels of information production predict bank balance sheet contraction and higher government expenditures to support financial institutions. In an addendum, we show information production on nonfinancials dramatically increased relative to financials at the height of the COVID-19 crisis, reflecting the nonfinancial nature of the initial shock.
Some Alternative Monetary Facts
Authors: Stella Peter , Singh Manmohan , Bhargava Apoorv
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we discuss the modern history of monetarism and its alternatives, as well as the changing empirical relationship of various measures of money and inflation. After demonstrating that previous naïve correlations between money and inflation as established in the 20th century literature have largely disappeared, we explain why this cannot be taken as support for an increased reliance on permanent monetary finance. Rather, we argue that rapid technological innovation in payments systems—both public and private—including in global pledged collateral markets, portends a declining demand for central bank liabilities.
Germany
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: March 2021

Germany managed the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic relatively well thanks to an early and vigorous public health response. Nonetheless, unprecedented disruptions to economic and social activity caused a deep recession in the first half of 2020. The gradual easing of containment measures since late-April has led to a partial revival of growth, but in late-October a “lockdown light” was announced to counter a new wave of infections, and restrictions were further tightened in mid-December. Significant risks remain about the pace and extent of the recovery as the uncertain course of the epidemic continues to impact economic activity.
The Role of E-Government in Promoting Foreign Direct Investment Inflows
Authors: Al-Sadiq Ali
Published: March 2021

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has helped accelerate the digitization of public services. The lockdown initiated by most governments to curb the spread of the coronavirus forced most public agencies to switch to online platforms to continue providing information and services to the public. It is widely recognized that information diffusion and communication technology play a large role in improving the quality of public services in terms of time, cost, and interface with the public, business, and other agencies. Potentially, e-government could enhance a country’s locational advantages and attract more Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows. This hypothesis is tested empirically using an unbalanced panel data analysis for 178 host countries over the period 2003-2018. The results suggest that e-government stimulates the inflow of FDI.
Tonga
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Published: March 2021

Tonga’s recovery following the devastation of the 2018 Cyclone Gita has been derailed by a double blow from the pandemic and Cyclone Harold. FY2020 GDP growth is estimated to fall to -2½ percent due to domestic containment measures, a sudden stop in tourism, and investment delays. The full brunt of the pandemic will be felt in FY2021 (beginning July) during peak tourism season, when a deeper contraction is expected. A worse outcome was avoided by early actions to close external borders—which has kept Tonga COVID-19-free—and prompt economic support. Beyond FY2021, the recovery is expected to resume in line with the global recovery, but the magnitude and trajectory is uncertain.
Guinea-Bissau
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: March 2021

Guinea Bissau is a fragile state with a long history of political instability.
Poverty is high with about 67 percent of the population living below the poverty line of
US$1.90 per day. The economy relies heavily on the production and exports of
unprocessed cashew nuts, making most households highly vulnerable to cashew nut
price shocks and climate change risks.
Panama
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Published: March 2021

At the request of the Superintendency of Banks of Panama (SBP), and with the support of the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF’s) Western Hemisphere Department (WHD), a monetary and financial statistics (MFS) remote technical assistance (TA) mission from the IMF’s Statistics Department (STA) took place during June 22-July 10, 2020. The main objective of the mission was to assist the SBP in the compilation of new standard report forms for depository corporations (SRF 1SR and SRF 2SR) on the basis of internationally accepted standards, as set out in the IMF’s 2016 Monetary and Financial Statistics Manual and Compilation Guide (MFSMCG), following the introduction of a new chart of accounts by the SBP, and to agree on an improved timeline to report monetary and financial statistics to STA, on a monthly basis. The work of the mission was facilitated by the excellent collaboration of the staff of the Financial Studies Directorate (FSD) of the SBP. The officials met during the mission are listed in Appendix I.
Panama
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Published: March 2021

While Panama has been the most dynamic economy in Latin America over the
last three decades (growing 6 percent on average), its strength is being tested by the
COVID-19 global pandemic. Panama is a service-based economy that is highly
integrated in the world economy and exposed to extreme shocks during the pandemic.
Nigeria
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: March 2021

The Nigerian economy is at a critical juncture. A weak pre-crisis economy characterized by falling per capita income, double-digit inflation, significant governance vulnerabilities and limited buffers, is grappling with multiple shocks from the COVID-19 pandemic. Real output is projected to contract by 3.2 percent in 2020, with a weak recovery likely to keep per capita income stagnant and no higher than the 2010 level in the medium term. Policy adjustment and reforms are urgently needed to navigate this crisis and change the long-running lackluster course.
Nigeria
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: March 2021

Selected Issues
Iraq
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: March 2021

Iraq's socio-economic fragilities have been severely aggravated by the pandemic and the sharp decline in oil revenues, which arrived on the heels of widespread social unrest and political instability. The health system’s limited capacity has been strained, while the fiscal position has become untenable as oil revenues declined sharply to a level that barely covers the government’s large wage and pension bills. Although the number of new infections declined recently, Iraq registered the second-highest COVID-related fatalities in the region, and the fiscal response to the pandemic has been one of the lowest. A six-month political paralysis preceding the formation of the government in May 2020 and plans to hold early parliamentary elections in mid-2021 have been weighing on political support for reforms. Risks of social unrest, geopolitical tensions, and insecurity remain elevated.
A Time to Build
Authors: Chami Ralph , Darkey Elorm , Williams Oral
Published: March 2021

We use a unique data set for 115 countries, from 2000–18, and 5-year non-overlapping averages to explore the impact of technical assitance on revenue mobilization. To the authors’ knowledge this is the first such effort to determine a direct relationship between technical assistance and the improvement in tax revenues. The paper finds that technical assistance significantly and positively increases tax revenues. Both income per capita and openness were found to positively improve the tax ratio in line with findings in the literature. Dynamic estimations also uncovered a long-run relationship among technical assistance, income per capita, openness, and tax revenues. This result further underscores that it takes time to build capacity and institutional resilience.
A Unified Model of Cohort Mortality for Economic Analysis
Authors: Moreau Flavien , Lleras-Muney Adriana
Published: March 2021

We propose a dynamic production function of population health and mortality from birth onwards. Our parsimonious model provides an excellent fit for the mortality and survival curves for both primate and human populations since 1816. The model sheds light on the dynamics behind many phenomena documented in the literature, including (i) the existence and evolution of mortality gradients across socio-economic statuses, (ii) non-monotonic dynamic effects of in-utero shocks, (iii) persistent or “scarring” effects of wars and (iv) mortality displacement after large temporary shocks such as extreme weather.
Republic of Kosovo
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: March 2021

Kosovo has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite policy support, economic activity is estimated to have fallen 6 percent in 2020 on account of the combined effect of strict domestic containment measures and international travel restrictions.
The fiscal deficit increased to 7.7 percent of GDP, given the large fall in tax revenues and the implementation of mitigation and recovery measures of 4.2 percent of GDP. The current account deficit is estimated to have increased to 7.5 percent of GDP mainly due to a large decline in diaspora-related inflows, most notably in tourism. Gross international reserves declined but remain adequate in part due to the purchase under the IMF’s Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) in April 2020 and the use of other external financing. Banks have weathered the recession well to date, and the high pre-COVID19 liquidity levels and ample capital buffers bode well for the system’s stability.
Concomitantly combined ACL and PLC reconstruction: Case report and literature review
Authors: Nguyen Van Hoc ,   Nguyen Manh Khanh, Ngo Van Toan
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Introduction: : Injuries involving the posterolateral ligamentous system occur in approximately 7 - 16% of knee ligament injuries. However, only 28% of all posterolateral corner (PLC) injuries are alone and usually combined with cruciate ligament injury (posterior cruciate ligament-PCL > anterior cruciate ligament-ACL). Combined ACL and PLC tears account for 10% of complex knee injuries. An unaddressed posterolateral corner injury may be a leading cause of ACL reconstruction failure.

Case presentation: A 26 year old male patient with combined ACL and PLC injury. He was concurrently reconstructed by both ACL and PLC. We used 2 semitendinosi (1 in each knee) and 1 gracilis tendon (in the injured knee). The ACL was reconstructed by one stranded semitendinosus with all-inside technique and Tightrops fixation. The PLC reconstruction utilized one femoral tunnel at the isometric point, graft fixation at the femoral tunnel by tightrope, and at the tibial tunnel by absorbable screw. At the 9 months follow-up, the Cincinnati score was 70/100 and the IKDC score was B type.

Conclusions: Concomitantly combined ACL and PLC reconstruction has good results in remaining knee functions and decreasing ACL reconstruction failure. However, femoral tunnel creation needs to avoid femoral tunnel intersection.
Robotic surgery at Binh Dan Hospital: 3 years experiences
Authors: Tran Vinh Hung
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Since November 2016 the Robotic surgery has been initially applied on adult patients for the first time in Vietnam. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of application of the da Vinci SiTM robot in General Surgery and Urology at Binh Dan Hospital in over 03 years. Materials and Methods: From November 2016 to July 2020, the prospective

case-series study for 1030 cases including: 324 cases in General Surgery

+ Thoracic Surgery cases and 706 cases in Urology are operated by the da Vinci SiTM robot system. We evaluated the short-term outcomes.
Results: In 324 cases of General Surgery: 134 rectal cancer cases, 92 colon cancer cases, 50 hepatobiliary surgery cases, 34 gastric cancer cases, 09 thoracic surgery cases, 04 esophageal surgery cases, 01 hiatus hernia case. In 706 cases of Urology: 264 cases of prostate cancer, 214 cases of adrenal and kidney tumors, 160 cases of bladder tumor, 30 cases of ureteropelvic junction obstruction cases, 20 cases of upper tract transitional cell tumor, 09 cases of genital prolapse, 05 cases of retroperitoneal tumor, 02 cases of tumors beside the seminal vesicles, 01 case of patent urachus cancer, 01 case of urethra cancer.

Conclusions: Robotic surgery, with many advantages than conventional laparoscopic surgery thanks to technological innovations (3D-HD monitor and optical system, the robotic arms with wrists, the comfortable console table, precise surgical…) has helped the surgeons to perform the sophisticated procedures in the narrow space easily with shorter learning curves. Our initial series of 1030 cases operated by this system have achieved encouraging outcomes.
Laparoscopic-assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary cancer
Authors: Vo Ngoc Bich ,   Nguyen Duc Tuan Anh, Tran Vinh Hung, Nguyen Cao Cuong, Vuong Thua Duc, Le Huu Phuoc, Luong Thanh Tung, Nguyen Ngoc Lan Thanh, Nguyen Thanh Dai, Nguyen Trung Duong, Dang Nhat Khoa
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy is one of the most complicated major surgeries. The postoperative mortality and morbidity are still a burden of hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery. Aim of this study is to assess the short-term outcome of laparoscopic Whipple procedure for periampullary cancer.

Materials and methods: Case series report.

Results: From 1/2018 to 1/2019, we had performed laparoscopic Whipple procedure in 21 patients. The intracorporeal hepatico-jejunal anastomosis had been formed in all the cases. The pancreaticojejunal and gastro-jejunal anastomosis had been formed extracorporeally through small 5cm midline incision. The pancreatic duct had been drained with 8F drainage. The average operation time was 364 minutes. The average intraoperation blood loss was 175ml. Postoperative mean length of stay was 12.1 days. Pancreaticojejunal anastomosis accounted for 19,0%. Postoperative bleeding occurred in 2 patient (9%) whom were converted to open surgery for control bleeding. In our series, there was no postoperative mortality.

Conclusions: Laparoscopic-assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy is safe with low postoperative morbidity and mortality. This procedure is feasible for treatment of periampullary cancer.
Peningkatan Aktifitas dan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia melalui Metode Speed Reading pada Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 alla Kabupaten Enrekang
Authors: Abdullah Erviana , Sitti Sitti
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktifitas dan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia melalui metode speed reading pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Alla Kabupaten Enrekang. Peneliti menerapkan prosedur Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 2 Alla Kabupaten Enrekang, yaitu: 15 siswa laki-laki dan 15 siswa perempuan. PTK ini dirancang ke dalam 2 siklus, dimana masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 3 kali pertemuan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes dan non-tes. Adapun indikator keberhasilan adalah apabila siswa yang memperoleh skor minimal 65 mencapai 85%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode speed reading dapat meningkatkan aktifitas dan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan metode speed reading dapat dijadikan pendekatan pembelajaran bagi guru di kelas.
MEMBANGUN TEOLOGI PENGAMPUNAN DALAM KONTEKS PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Nenohai Jear
Published: March 2021

Kasus perdagangan manusia di Nusa Tenggara Timur tidak hanya menghadirkan pergumulan sukar bagi Gereja Masehi Injili di Timor namun juga rasa bersalah yang hebat pada diri korban dan orang-orang dekat korban. Rasa bersalah tersebut mengakibatkan para korban menciptakan sebuah penderitaan yang baru yakni sikap menghakimi diri sendiri. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bertujuan menkonstruksi makna teologi pengampunan dengan dilandaskan rasa keadilan dan kasih sekaligus bagi korban dan juga pengampunan bagi warga GMIT sebagai sebuah persekutuan iman. Lebih lanjut, konstruksi tersebut penulis hasilkan melalui dialog antara ide tradisi mengingat dalam Perjanjian Lama dan juga melalui teologi pengampunan. Melalui studi pustaka ini, penulis berkeyakinan bahwa pengampunan dari para korban tidak hanya akan membawa pembebasan bagi para korban dari rasa bersalah namun juga memiliki dampak transformasi bagi kehidupan bagi para korban dan komunitas iman Gereja Masehi Injili di Timor.
Teach Reading
Authors: Santiesteban Naranjo Ernan , Velázquez Avila Kenia María , Góngora Mena Niurka
Published: March 2021

Teach reading is a book that is composed by six chapters. The fist, is devoted for the definition of text and its taxonomy. It concludes with the requirements for choosing a didactic text. The second, is dedicated for the definition, analysis and classification of reading. The third is devoted to associated disorders related to the reading process. The fourth, contrasts the traditionalist reading instruction against dynamic-participatory didactic for the teaching-learning process of reading, where it is emphasized on reading participatory methods and techniques. The fifth, is attentive to the generalized reading skill, invariant skill and reading competence. Finally, the sixth is committed to dynamic-participatory didactic strategy for teaching reading,
L’impact des polymorphismes ABCB1 et CYP3A5 sur le cancer colorectal dans la population de l’Ouest Algérien: Etude cas-témoins
Authors: Aberkane Meriem , Boughrara Wefa , Moghtit Fatima Zohra Moghtit , Loriot Marianne , Blaha Larbaoui , Fodil Mustapha
Published: March 2021

Objectif - L’accumulation des variants génétiques participe au processus impliquédans le risque de développer le cancer colorectal (CCR). Plusieurs études ont exploréla corrélation entre les polymorphismes 6986A>G du gène CYP3A5 (CYP450)(rs776746) appartenant à la famille des cytochromes P450 et 3435C>T du gène adénosinetriphosphate–binding cassette B1 (ABCB1) (rs1045642). L’objectif de cetteétude est la recherche d’éventuelles associations entre les polymorphismes rs776746et rs1045642, et la survenue du cancer colorectal dans une population de l’OuestAlgérien.Méthodes - La cohorte était composée de 99 patients atteints de CCR et 101contrôles. Les polymorphismes CYP3A5 c.6986A>G et ABCB1 c.3435 >T ont été identifiés par la technique de discrimination allélique par PCR quantitative en temps réel.Les résultats ont été analysés par le calcul de l’odd ratio (OR) avec un intervalle de confiance à 95%.Résultats - L’étude cas-témoins a montré que la distribution des fréquences alléliques et génotypiques de ces polymorphismes entre les deux groupes (cas et témoins) ne présentait aucune différence statistiquement significative.Conclusion - Ce travail nous a permis de conclure qu’il n’existait aucune relation d’association entre ces polymorphismes et la survenue du CCR dans notre population.
Recherche d’association entre les polymorphismes du gène codant l’Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) et l’Infarctus du Myocarde dans la population Ouest-Algérienne
Authors: Meroufel Djabaria Naima , Benchekor Sounnia Médiène , Dumont Julie , Amouyel Philippe , Brousseau Thierry , Benhammamouch Soraya
Published: March 2021

Objectif - Il a été démontré que le polymorphisme rs5963409 du gène codant l’Ornithine TransCarbamylase (OTC) est associé à l’hypertension et à la vasomotricité coronaire dans les populations caucasiennes. Sur la base de ces résultats, nous avonschoisi d’étudier l’association de deux polymorphismes rs5963409, localisé au niveau de la région 5’ du promoteur et rs1800321, localisé au niveau de l’exon 2, du gène OTC avec le risque de survenue d’infarctus du myocarde (IDM) et les valeurs de pressions artérielles systolique et diastolique.Population étudiée et Méthodes - Cette étude a été réalisée dans la population de l’étude ECTOR (Etude Cas Témoins sur l’Infarctus du myocarde en ORanie). La population étudiée est composée de deux groupes : 68 cas ayant survécu à un Infarctus Du Myocarde (IDM) et 67 sujets témoins ne souffrant d’aucune maladie apparente. La caractérisation génétique des deux polymorphismes a été réalisée par la technique PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) suivie d’une digestion enzymatique.Résultats - Les polymorphismes rs5963409 et rs1800321 ne sont pas associés ni à l’IDM ni aux variations des valeurs de pressions artérielles systolique et diastolique.Cependant, nous avons observé une interaction significative entre le polymorphisme rs5963409 et l’Indice de Masse Corporelle (IMC) sur le risque de survenue d’IDM.Conclusion - Nos résultats indiquent queles deux polymorphismes du gène de l’OTC ne sont pas associés à l’IDM dans la population Ouest-Algérienne.
Recherche de variants génétiques de vulnérabilité à l’épilepsie chez des familles Algériennes
Authors: Chentouf Amina , Oubaiche Mohand Laid , Chaouch Malika
Published: March 2021

Objectifs - Cette étude vise à caractériser des familles comptant plusieurs indivi-dus épileptiques, à étudier les modes de transmission de l’épilepsie au sein de ces familles, à rechercher des variants génétiques de vulnérabilité à l’épilepsie, et à analyser les relations génotype/phénotype.Matériels et méthodes - Des familles multiplex ont été recrutées au service de neu-rologie du CHU d’Oran entre décembre 2011 et décembre 2016. Tous les participants ont été évalués cliniquement et ont bénéficié d’EEG et d’IRM cérébrales. Les syn-dromes épileptiques ont été classés selon les recommandations de la ligue interna-tionale contre l’épilepsie (LICE) et les modes de transmission ont été déterminés à travers l’analyse généalogique. Après extraction de l’ADN génomique, des variants génétiques de susceptibilité à l’épilepsie ont été recherchés par hybridation géno-mique comparative sur micro-réseaux d’ADN (CGH-array) et par séquençage de nou-velle génération (NGS).Résultats - Soixante cinq familles épileptiques ont participé à cette étude. L’âge moyen de début de la maladie était de 9.5 ± 6.1 ans avec une légère prédominance masculine (sex-ratio : 1.35). Les crises généralisées étaient légèrement plus fré-quentes que les crises focales (50% vs. 40%). Le taux de consanguinité parentale était de 50%. Une concordance phénotypique a été constatée dans 2/3 des familles. En tenant compte de l’analyse des pedigrees, l’épilepsie était transmise sur un mode au-tosomique dominant (AD)dans 29 familles (44.6%) et sur un mode autosomique réces-sif (AR)dans 23 familles (35.4%). Les analyses génétiques ont permis d’identifier des mutations du gène EPM1 chez des patients atteints d’épilepsie myoclonique progres-sive, une mutation du gène RELN chez des individus avec épilepsie du lobe temporal (ELT) et schizophrénie, ainsi que des variations du nombre de copies d’ADN (CNVs) bénignes et pathogènes. Par ailleurs,une mutation de novo (p.A39E) dans le gène GAL a été identifiée chez des jumeaux monozygotes atteints d’ELT, avec confirmation de l’implication du peptide muté dans le phénotype épileptique par des études in silico.Conclusion -Cette étude a permis dedresser le phénotype et déterminer le mode de transmission de l’épilepsie chez des familles algériennes multiplex, et d’identifier des variants génétiques connus mais aussi des néomutations intéressantes.
Syndrome de Leigh à début tardif: à propos d’une observation
Authors: BARKA-BEDRANE Zahira , BOUCHENAK-KHELLADI Djaoued , LOUHIBI Cherifa , CHIALI Hakim
Published: March 2021

Le Syndrome de Leigh(SL) est une mitochondriopathie rare de l’enfant caractérisée par un polymorphisme clinique. La maladie apparait généralement avant l’âge de 2 ans. Dans cette observation, nous rapportons une forme juvénile de SL. Il s’agit d’une patiente âgée de 13 ans, issue d’un mariage consanguin, qui a présenté une baisse importante de l’acuité visuelle à l’âge de 9 ans. A 13 ans, elle a présenté des troubles bulbaires et de la marche. L’examen neurologique a retrouvé un syndrome pyramidal, un syndrome extrapyramidal, un syndrome neurogéne et une cyphoscoliose. L’IRM cérébrale a objectivé un hyper signal bilatéral et symétrique au niveau du tronc cérébral, des noyaux gris centraux et de la région périaqueducale. La spectro-IRM cérébrale a retrouvé un pic de lactates.
Qu’en est-il de l ’application des nano vecteurs lipidiques à la maladie de Parkinson ?
Authors: BOULENOUAR Sihem , MOUSSAOUI Nassima
Published: March 2021

Nombreux sont les travaux consacrés au développement des thérapies innovantes pour le traitement de la maladie de Parkinson. L’encapsulation de la dopamine, de la L-DOPA ou des agonistes dopaminergiques dans des nano-vecteurs lipidiques vise à pallier les diverses limites rencontrées lors de l’administration de ces substances sous forme libre. Cet article illustre les avancées récentes dans ce domaine.
Effects of Workload on Teacher Burnout in Public Secondary Schools in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya
Authors: Gituriandu Tabitha , Kimani Mwaura , Mukolwe Newton
Published: March 2021

Teachers’ ought to work in an environment (context) free from too much stress, anxiety, exhaustion to avoid burnout. However, this is not the case in Tharaka Nithi County. Teachers in the county are faced with numerous stressors that could lead to burnout; limiting their abilities to meet teaching obligations. This study examined the influences of workload on teacher burnout in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. The study adopted the descriptive survey design and was founded on the Multidimensional Theory of Burnout and Golembiewski and Munzenrider’s model of burnout. It targeted 104 principals and 6862 teachers from 104 schools in addition to 10 Teachers Service Commission (TSC) officials and 10 Quality Assurance and Standards Officials (QASOs) from Tharaka Nithi County. Out of these, 378 teachers and 31 principals from 31 schools in addition to all the 10 TSC officials and 10 QASOs were sampled using two-stage cluster random sampling, purposively and simple random techniques. Data was collected using questionnaires from teachers, interview guides from TSC officials and QASOs, and data collection forms. Quantitative data from questionnaires were analyzed descriptively by use of frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations as well as inferentially by use of Pearson Correlation. For qualitative data from open-ended questions in the questionnaires, interviews, and secondary data transcripts, content analysis was employed. The findings show that there were positive and significant correlation between teacher burnout in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya (the dependent variable) and workload (r=0.275, P<0.05). Based on the findings it can thus be concluded that workload contributed to teacher burnout. This shows that the various contextual factors contributed to teacher burnout. The study recommends that there is a need to employ more teachers to lessen workload challenges among teachers.
The importance of the freeway space in orofacial myofunctional therapy
Authors: Mason Robert , Franklin Honor , Grant Patricia , Role Ellen
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this article is to explain the importance of evaluating and documenting the freeway space (interdental rest position), in initial examinations and at the completion of therapy in patients exhibiting an open mandibular resting position. The freeway space measurements obtained can be shared with parents, patients, and referral sources. To this end, the muscular, neural, and sensory components related to the freeway space are discussed, as well as airway, dental eruption patterns, tactile feedback, and orthodontic relapse considerations. An extraoral method for evaluating the dimensions of the anterior freeway space is proposed.
Kombinasi Metode Permainan dan Demonstrasi dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Stunting
Authors: Ifroh Riza Hayati , Permana Lies
Published: March 2021

Abstrak

Latar belakang: Pengetahuan ibu yang rendah menjadi salah satu tantangan dalam upaya pencegahan stunting. Hal ini terkait peran utama ibu sebagai pihak yang bertanggungjawab terkait asupan makanan anak, seperti menentukan jumlah, jenis, dan jadwal makan. Perlu dilakukan upaya kolaboratif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan literasi kesehatan ibu dalam pencegahan kejadian stunting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efektivitas metode pendidikan kesehatan, sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi berupa kombinasi permainan rangking satu dan demonstrasi gizi seimbang food model dalam mencegah stunting.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre eksperimen dengan rancangan pre post-test design. Adapun subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 28 responden melalui teknik purposive sampling pada ibu yang memiliki bayi atau balita usia lima tahun dan berada di wilayah Posyandu Wisma Rahayu Kelurahan Bukuan. Analisis bivariat untuk mengetahui efek pengetahuan setelah menerima intervensi dianalisis menggunakan uji beda wilcoxon sign rank test.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini yaitu terdapat perbedaan skor pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi yang diberikan dengan (P-value <0.001).

Kesimpulan: Metode kombinasikan ini efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu yang memiliki bayi dan balita tentang pencegahan stunting. Metode pendidikan kesehatan ini dapat menimbulkan pengalaman belajar yang aktif dan berkesan secara mendalam.

The Combination of Game and Demonstration to Increasing Mother's Knowledge of Stunting

 Abstract

Background: Level knowledge of mothers is one of the challenges to stunting prevention program. This was related to the main role of the mother as the party responsible for the child's food intake, type and schedule of meals. Collaborative efforts are needed to increase knowledge and literacy of maternal health in preventing stunting. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of health education methods, before and after the intervention was given a combination of ranking one game and nutrition demonstration with a food model to preventing stunting.

Methode: This study used a pre-experimental method with a pre-post-test design. The subjects of this study were 28 respondents through purposive sampling technique to mothers who have infants or toddlers aged five years and are in the area of ​​Posyandu Wisma Rahayu, Bukuan. Bivariate analysis to determine the effect of knowledge after receiving the intervention was analyzed using the Wilcoxon sign rank test.

Results: The results of this study are that there are differences in the knowledge score before and after the intervention with (P-value <0.001).

Conclusion: In conclusion, this combination method is effective in increasing the knowledge of mothers about stunting prevention. This health education method could be lead to an active and deeply memorable learning experience.
Produktivitas Kerja Saat Work From Home (WFH) dan Work From Office (WFO) pada Dosen FKM Universitas Mulawarman di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Susanti Rahmi , Amelia Dinda Tasya , Damaiyana Fina , Bernadine Oryza Regina
Published: March 2021

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Virus corona yang  terus meningkat menyebabkan sekolah dijalankan secara Work From Home (WFH) dengan online. Produktivitas kerja menjadi suatu permasalahan jika pekerja bekerja di rumah, termasuk seorang dosen.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan  mengetahui perbedaan produktivitas kerja  pada saat Work From Home (WFH) dan Work From Office (WFO) dimasa Pandemi.

Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional yang berjenis kuantitatif. Jumlah populasi sebanyak 31 tenaga kependididkan dan dosen dengan teknik sampel yaitu total sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan ialah analisis univariat, bivariat dengan uji Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test dengan tingkat kepercayaan sebesar 95%.

Hasil: Hasil analisis menggunakan uji wilconxon signed rank test didapatkan nilai sig sebesar 0.219 > 0.05 yang berarti H0 diitolak.

Kesimpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan produktivitas kerja pada tenaga kependidikan dan dosen pengajar Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Mulawarman pada saat Work From Home (WFH) dan Work From Office (WFO) di masa pandemi.

Work Productivity Differences in Education and Teachers of Faculty of Public Health when WFH (Work From Home) and WFO (Work From Office) at FKM Lectures of Mulawarman University during Pandemic

Abstract

Background: The corona virus which continues to increase causes schools to run online as WFH (Work From Home). Various problems arise due to the rules for lecturers to teach at home, one of which is the productivity of the lecturers.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the differences in work productivity during WFH (Work From Home) and WFO (Work From Office) during the Pandemic.

Methods: The design of this study was a cross sectional quantitative type. The total population was 31 education staff and lecturers with the sampling technique using the total sampling technique. The data analysis used was univariate, bivariate analysis with the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with a confidence level of 95%.

Results: The results of the analysis using the Wilcoxon signed rank test obtained a sig value of 0.219> 0.05, which means that H0 is rejected.

Conclusion: There was no difference in work productivity among teaching staff and lecturers at the Faculty of Public Health, Mulawarman University during the Work From Home (WFH) and Work From Office (WFO) during the pandemic.
Pengaruh Dukungan Keluarga Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada Remaja yang Mengalami Bullying
Authors: Novianti Evin , Mia Noer Aeni Zam Zam
Published: March 2021

Abstrak

Latar belakang: Masa remaja dianggap sebagai transisi antara masa kanak-kanak ke masa dewasa yang ditandai dengan perubahan fisik atau biologis, kognitif dan psikososial. Perubahan yang dialami selama masa remaja berbagai masalah internal dan eksternal pada remaja yang dapat berupa stres, salah satunya adalah bullying. Dukungan sosial dibutuhkan remaja untuk menjalani masa transisi. Studi ini ditujukan untuk menilai pengaruh dukungan keluarga terhadap tingkat kecemasan pada remaja yang mengalami bullying di SMA Negeri 7 Jakarta.

Metode: Studi Cross Sectional dengan simple random sampling dari Februari sampai Juni 2020 di SMA Negeri 7 Jakarta. Jumlah sampel penelitian 148 responden yang diwawancarai secara daring menggunakan google form. Uji Korelasi Pearson dan uji T-Independent digunakan untuk menganalisis data.

Hasil: Studi ini menemukan pengaruh hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kecemasan pada remaja pelaku bullying di SMA Negeri 7 Jakarta (p value=0,000).

Kesimpulan: Perawat dapat memberikan edukasi terkait kecemasan yang dialami remaja dengan bullying, sekolah diharapkan dapat memberikan bimbingan konseling kepada siswa yang menjadi korban dan pelaku bullying, dan bagi keluarga khususnya orang tua diharapkan dapat meningkat. dukungan untuk anak remaja mereka.

 

The Effect of Family Support on Anxiety Levels in Teenagers Experience Bullying

Abstract

Background: Adolescence is considered as a transition between childhood to adulthood characterized by physical or biological, cognitive and psychosocial changes. Changes experienced during adolescence are various internal and external problems in adolescents which can be in the form of stress, one of which is bullying. Social support is needed by adolescents to undergo a transition period. This study aimed to determine the effect of family support and anxiety levels in adolescents with bullying at SMA Negeri 7 Jakarta.

Methods: A cross sectional study was done from February to June 2020 at SMA Negeri 7 Jakarta. Total 148 students were selected using simple random sampling who were interviewed online using google form. Pearson Correlation Test and T-Independent test was performed to analysed the data.

Results: The results of this study found that there was a relationship between family support and the level of anxiety among bullying adolescents at SMA Negeri 7 Jakarta (p value = 0,000).

Conclusion: Nurses can provide education regarding the anxiety experienced by adolescents with bullying, schools are expected to provide counseling guidance to students who are victims and perpetrators of bullying, and for families, especially parents, it is expected to increase. support for their teenagers.
Estudio sobre los servicios ofrecidos en ecolodges para el sector económico alto de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Alvariño Leslie , Tapia Ayme , Ramírez Rafael
Published: March 2021

En los últimos años, el cuidado del ambiente y la gestión ambiental han preocupado a gobiernos, naciones y empresas, debido a que el inadecuado uso de los recursos naturales ha ido mermando la sostenibilidad del ambiente. Ante esta problemática y nuevo interés en cuidar y proteger el ambiente, nacen negocios enfocados hacia esta nueva tendencia; dentro de ellos los hoteles ecológicos o ecolodges. Por ese motivo el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto de la preocupación ambiental en la intención de compra de los potenciales consumidores de hoteles ecológicos en Lima Metropolitana. Se utilizó el método descriptivo simple a través de una encuesta que permitió y determinar la intención de compra, la tendencia y la inclinación por los ecolodges, además del efecto e importancia que tiene la preocupación ambiental para la elección de estos por encima de los hoteles convencionales. Se identificó la presencia de la preocupación ambiental y su efecto positivo en la intención de compra de los potenciales consumidores de ecolodges en Lima Metropolitana. Por tanto, se concluyó que la preocupación ambiental es un factor importante para orientar al consumidor en elegir ecolodges durante sus viajes al interior del país.
Capacidad para bioacumulación de cobre y zinc de especies silvestres que se desarrollan sobre un relave minero en Corcona – Huarochirí
Authors: Valenzuela Jem , Cuellar José
Published: March 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general, determinar si las plantas que crecen de manera silvestre sobre el relave minero de Corcona, Huarochirí, Lima, tienen capacidad de bio-acumular cobre y zinc, para lo cual se evaluaron las especies silvestres que están creciendo sobre dicho relave, estas especies fueron recogidas a través de un muestreo estratificado en el cual se tuvieron criterios de inclusión como la presencia de especies y la alta densidad vegetativa y de exclusión fue la alta pendiente, luego de seleccionado el cuadrante a trabajar se realizó un muestreo al azar y se analizó en el laboratorio mediante el método de espectrofotometría de absorción atómica el cual es el método más adecuado para análisis de micro elementos y de elementos traza como el cobre y el zinc, obteniendo como resultado que la especie Crotón alnifolius tiene una alta capacidad de bio-acumulación de zinc llegando a almacenar en sus estructuras 2338.52 ppm por lo que esta especie puede ser utilizada como especie fitorremediadora de suelos en otros lugares con suelos contaminados por zinc, procurando que dicho lugar tenga características similares a las del relave estudiado.
Impact of Budget Deficit on Inflation: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Hamza Muhammad , Bhatti Muhammad Azhar , Kiran Kokab
Published: March 2021

The research is concerned with examining the effect of budget deficit on inflation a case of Pakistan economy. As inflation is one of the most prominent macro-economic indicator which tells us about how the prices in country are reacting and subsequently how other factors are being affected. So in this study we have analyzed the effect of budget deficit on inflation. As Pakistan is a developing nation where inflation and budget deficit are two major issues so for that reason we included the effect of budget deficit.  The dependent variable is inflation and independent variables are money supply, GDP growth, unemployment, official exchange rate and fiscal deficit. The data is from 1985 to 2017. For checking unit root we applied augmented dickey fuller test and the study applied the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) method. The data is taken from world development indicator and from Pakistan Economic Survey. The results conclude that budget deficit, GDP growth and money supply have positive impact while unemployment and official exchange rate have negative impact. The study suggests that the government should focus on generating new revenue sources rather the foreign financing.