bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of Internet searches as a marker of trends in population mental health in the US
Authors: Vaidyanathan Uma , Sun Yuantong , Shekel Tomer , Chou Katherine , Galea Sandro , Gabrilovich Evgeniy , Wellenius Gregory A.
Published: May 2022

The absence of continuous, real-time mental health assessment has made it challenging to quantify the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on population mental health. We examined publicly available, anonymized, aggregated data on weekly trends in Google searches related to anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation from 2018 to 2020 in the US. We correlated these trends with (1) emergency department (ED) visits for mental health problems and suicide attempts, and (2) surveys of self-reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, and mental health care use. Search queries related to anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation decreased sharply around March 2020, returning to pre-pandemic levels by summer 2020. Searches related to depression were correlated with the proportion of individuals reporting receiving therapy (r = 0.73), taking medication (r = 0.62) and having unmet mental healthcare needs (r = 0.57) on US Census Household Pulse Survey and modestly correlated with rates of ED visits for mental health conditions. Results were similar when considering instead searches for anxiety. Searches for suicidal ideation did not correlate with external variables. These results suggest aggregated data on Internet searches can provide timely and continuous insights into population mental health and complement other existing tools in this domain.
Estimation of biological effect of Cu-64 radiopharmaceuticals with Geant4-DNA simulation
Authors: Kusumoto Tamon , Baba Kentaro , Hasegawa Sumitaka , Raffy Quentin , Kodaira Satoshi
Published: May 2022

The aim of this work is to estimate the biological effect of targeted radionuclide therapy using Cu-64, which is a well-known Auger electron emitter. To do so, we evaluate the absorbed dose of emitted particles from Cu-64 using the Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo simulation toolkit. The contribution of beta particles to the absorbed dose is higher than that of Auger electrons. The simulation result agrees with experimental ones evaluated using coumarin-3-carboxylic acid chemical dosimeter. The simulation result is also in good agreement with previous ones obtained using fluorescent nuclear track detector. From the results of present simulation (i.e., absorbed dose estimation) and previous biological experiments using two cell lines (i.e., evaluation of survival curves), we have estimated the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of Cu-64 emitted particles on CHO wild-type cells and xrs5 cells. The RBE of xrs5 cells exposed to Cu-64 is almost equivalent to that with gamma rays and protons and C ions. This result indicates that the radiosensitivity of xrs5 cells is independent of LET. In comparison to this, the RBE on CHO wild-type cells exposed to Cu-64 is significantly higher than gamma rays and almost equivalent to that irradiated with C ions with a linear energy transfer of 70 keV/μm.
Stack effects in tall building fires: a case study of Taiwan old apartment fire
Authors: Huang HongSheng , Lin ChingYuan , Wang ShiuanCheng , Su ChungHwei , Chen LiPeng
Published: May 2022

Tainan, a city that prospered early in Taiwan, has a hot and humid atmosphere. Hence, the grilled doors in numerous old buildings for ventilation and lighting to conserve energy. This study analyzed a fire incident that occurred during the late night of March 17, 2019 in a 38-year-old dwelling, where three residents were severely covered with soot. The site investigation showed that eight staircases lead to the same basement, which apparently created a stack effect and a makeup air phenomenon. Numerical simulations have been performed in this study to reconstruct the fire scene, whose results were consistent with the actual fire scene. In particular, the results showed that some staircases in the fire were blackened by smoke, while others acted as makeup air inlets. The temperature at the households’ doors on all floors of Staircase 2, which was closest to the fire, exceeded 60 °C after four minutes. Furthermore, two immediately feasible improvement strategies according to the control volume theory of fluid mechanics were proposed in this study. Firstly, changing the grilled doors in the basement to a closed flat door style could effectively prevent smoke from flowing up in the staircases. Secondly, residents may consider closing the windows of the stairs at night to improve fire safety. The results showed that the chimney effect can be significantly reduced. These improvements could be a reference for other old dwellings to enhance their fire safety.
Electroantennogram and machine learning reveal a volatile blend mediating avoidance behavior by Tuta absoluta females to a wild tomato plant
Authors: Miano Raphael Njurai , Ayelo Pascal Mahukpe , Musau Richard , Hassanali Ahmed , Mohamed Samira A.
Published: May 2022

Tomato cultivation is threatened by the infestation of the nocturnal invasive tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta. This study was based on field observations that a wild tomato plant, Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme, grown in the Mount Kenya region, Kenya, is less attacked by T. absoluta, unlike the cultivated tomato plants like S. lycopersicum (var. Rambo F1). We hypothesized that the wild tomato plant may be actively avoided by gravid T. absoluta females because of the emission of repellent allelochemical constituents. Therefore, we compared infestation levels by the pest in field monocrops and intercrops of the two tomato genotypes, characterized the headspace volatiles, then determined the compounds detectable by the insect through gas chromatography-linked electroantennography (GC-EAG), and finally performed bioassays using a blend of four EAG-active compounds unique to the wild tomato. We found significant reductions in infestation levels in the monocrop of the wild tomato, and intercrops of wild and cultivated tomato plants compared to the monocrop of the cultivated tomato plant. Quantitative and qualitative differences were noted between volatiles of the wild and cultivated tomato plants, and between day and night volatile collections. The most discriminating compounds between the volatile treatments varied with the variable selection or machine learning methods used. In GC-EAG recordings, 16 compounds including hexanal, (Z)-3-hexenol, α-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, (E)-β-ocimene, terpinolene, limonene oxide, camphor, citronellal, methyl salicylate, (E)-β-caryophyllene, and others tentatively identified as 3,7,7-Trimethyl-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene, germacrene D and cis-carvenone oxide were detected by antennae of T. absoluta females. Among these EAG-active compounds, (Z)-3-hexenol, α-pinene, α-phellandrene, limonene oxide, camphor, citronellal, (E)-β-caryophyllene and β-phellandrene are in the top 5 discriminating compounds highlighted by the machine learning methods. A blend of (Z)-3-hexenol, camphor, citronellal and limonene oxide detected only in the wild tomato showed dose-dependent repellence to T. absoluta females in wind tunnel. This study provides some groundwork for exploiting the allelochemicals of the wild tomato in the development of novel integrated pest management approaches against T. absoluta.
PBX1, EMCN and ERG are associated with the sub-clusters and the prognosis of VHL mutant clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Haiwei , Wang Xinrui , Xu Liangpu , Zhang Ji
Published: May 2022

The molecular heterogeneity of primary clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has been reported. However, the classifications of Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) mutant ccRCC are unclear. Here, VHL mutant ccRCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas and E-MTAB-1980 datasets were divided into two sub-clusters through non-negative matrix factorization algorithm. Most VHL mutant ccRCC patients in sub-cluster2 were with pathological T1 stage and VHL mutant ccRCC patients in sub-cluster1 were with decreased overall survival. DNA replication and homologous recombination scores were higher, while, WNT signaling pathway and regulation of autophagy scores were lower in sub-cluster1 VHL mutant ccRCC. Moreover, PBX1 transcriptional scores and mRNA expressions were lower in sub-cluster1 VHL mutant ccRCC patients and were associated with the overall survival of VHL mutant ccRCC. Furthermore, PBX1 associated genes EMCN and ERG were down-regulated in sub-cluster1 VHL mutant ccRCC and overall survival was decreased in EMCN or ERG lowly expressed VHL mutant ccRCC patients. Also, PBX1 and EMCN were down-regulated in ccRCC tissues, compared with normal kidney tissues. At last, we constructed risk models based on PBX1, EMCN and EGR expression features. With the increase of the risk score, the number of death of VHL mutant ccRCC patients was increased.
Highly stretchable electroluminescent device based on copper nanowires electrode
Authors: Tran Phuong , Tran Nguyen-Hung , Lee Ji-Hoon
Published: May 2022

Although stretchable electroluminescent (EL) devices have been the research hotspots for decades because of their enormous market value in lighting sources and displays, fabrication of the stretchable EL device through a simple, cost-effective, and scalable method still remains an open issue. Here, a novel all solution-processed method is developed to fabricate a high-performance alternative current electroluminescent (ACEL) device based on copper nanowires (Cu NWs). The Cu NW-based electrode exhibited a low resistance change of less than 10% after 1000 stretching cycles at a tensile strain of 30% and the resistance variation of the electrode in one stretching-releasing cycle was less than 1% at the 1000th. To substantiate suitability for the wearable application, the ACEL device was stretched at a tensile strain of 100% and it retained a luminance of 97.6 cd/m2. Furthermore, the device works well under different deformations such as bending, folding, rolling, and twisting. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of Cu NWs applied in a stretchable ACEL, promising cost-effective electrode materials for various wearable electronics applications.
Public support in the United States for global equity in vaccine pricing
Authors: Chan Yee , Datt Gaurav , Islam Asadul , Rai Birendra , Wang Liang C.
Published: May 2022

Global vaccine prices that are tiered across countries, equitable for poorer countries, and profitable for manufacturers (TEP) can promote global vaccine equity but its implementation may require political will and public support in rich countries. A survey experiment with a demographically representative sample of US adults was conducted between April and May 2021 to investigate public support for TEP and the likelihood of collective agreement on TEP relative to alternative global vaccine pricing strategies. The experiment varied vaccine cost and provision of information about the importance of equity and profitability considerations in global vaccine pricing across eight treatment conditions. TEP of low-cost vaccines received less support than TEP of high-cost vaccines, but TEP received more public support than any alternative pricing strategy. Information about equity and profitability considerations increased support for TEP of low-cost vaccines. TEP was also the most likely pricing strategy to achieve collective agreement among participants across all treatments.
Perceptual sensory attenuation in chronic pain subjects and healthy controls
Authors: McNaughton David , Beath Alissa , Hush Julia , Jones Michael
Published: May 2022

We investigated whether sensory attenuation (or failure of) might be an explanation for heightened pain perceptions in individuals with chronic pain. N = 131 (50% chronic pain) individuals underwent a single experimental session, which included the force-matching task and several self-reported symptom and psychological measures. Individuals matched a force delivered to their finger, either by pressing directly on their own finger with their other hand (direct) or by using potentiometer to control the force through a torque motor (slider). All participants overestimated the target force in the direct condition reflecting the sensory attenuation phenomenon. No differences in the magnitude of sensory attenuation between chronic pain and control groups were observed (direct: Z = − 0.90, p = 0.37 and slider: Z = − 1.41, p = 0.16). An increased variance of sensory attenuation was observed in chronic pain individuals (direct: F(1, 129) = 7.22, p = 0.008 and slider: F(1, 129), p = 0.05). Performance in the slider condition was correlated with depressive symptoms (r = − 0.24, p = 0.05), high symptom count (r = − 0.25, p = 0.04) and positive affect (r = 0.28, p = 0.02). These were only identified in the chronic pain individuals. Overall, our findings reveal no clear differences in the magnitude of sensory attenuation between groups. Future research is needed to determine the relevance of sensory attenuation in neuro-cognitive models related to pain perception.
Electronic structures of hydroxylated low index surfaces of rutile and anatase-type titanium dioxide
Authors: Wu Lu , Lin Jin , Ren Linyuan , Li Qianni , Chi Xin , Luo Ling , Zhang Yuexing , Zeng Ming-Hua
Published: May 2022

A first-principles investigation of 16 hydroxylated TiO2 surfaces reveals the tunable electronic structure and thus the diverse catalysis performance.
Two-photon absorption in halide perovskites and their applications
Authors: Chen Junsheng , Zhang Wei , Pullerits Tönu
Published: May 2022

This review will help readers to have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the research field of two-photon absorption of halide perovskites from microscopic mechanisms to applications.
Synthesis and characterization of a Cu(ii) coordination-containing TAM radical as a nitroxyl probe
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Tao Ouyang , Chen Li , Ling Yun , Zeng Ming , Jin Hongguang , Jiang Dengzhao
Published: May 2022

Nitroxyl (HNO) has been identified as an important signaling molecule in biological systems, and it plays critical roles in many physiological processes.
Assessment of skin inflammation using near-infrared Raman spectroscopy combined with artificial intelligence analysis in an animal model
Authors: Kanemura Yohei , Kanazawa Meiko , Hashimoto Satoru , Hayashi Yuri , Fujiwara Erina , Suzuki Ayako , Ishii Takashige , Goto Masakazu , Nozaki Hiroshi , Inoue Takanori , Takanari Hiroki
Published: May 2022

Near-infrared (NIR) Raman spectroscopy was applied to detect skin inflammation in an animal model. Artificial intelligence (AI) analysis improved prediction accuracy for skin inflammation.
Molecular-engineered highly photosensitive triarylphosphine oxide compounds for apoptosis imaging and selectively inducing apoptosis of tumor cells by photodynamic therapy
Authors: Zhang Shilu , Chen Hongyu , Zhao Bo , Liu Ronglan , Wang Bing , Zhang Xiaoming , Deng Guowei , Luo Yingping , Liu Jun
Published: May 2022

By changing the peripheral groups of highly photosensitive probes to distinguish apoptotic cells from living cells and necrotic cells, SKOV-3 and U87MG cells were targeted and apoptosis was induced by PDT.
Conductive Co-triazole metal-organic framework exploited as an oxygen evolution electrocatalyst
Authors: Adpakpang Kanyaporn , Pukdeejorhor Ladawan , Ngamwongwan Lappawat , Suthirakun Suwit , Impeng Sarawoot , Wannapaiboon Suttipong , Chakthranont Pongkarn , Faungnawakij Kajornsak , Bureekaew Sareeya
Published: May 2022

Co-triazole MOF achieved via a facile microwave synthesis providing abundant catalytic sites and intrinsic electrical conductivity can efficiently catalyze the reaction at a low overpotential with fast kinetics towards the oxygen evolution reaction.
Near-infrared photothermal conversion properties of carbazole-based cocrystals with different degrees of charge transfer
Authors: Shi Pan , Liu Xiao-Xu , Dai Xia-Lin , Lu Tong-Bu , Chen Jia-Mei
Published: May 2022

Three charge transfer carbazole-based cocrystals were obtained and demonstrated regulated photothermal conversion efficiency by the modulation of the charge transfer degree via intelligent design of donor–acceptor pairs.
Influence of the emission site on the photoelectron circular dichroism in trifluoromethyloxirane
Authors: Fehre Kilian , Trinter Florian , Novikovskiy Nikolay M. , Grundmann Sven , Tsitsonis Dimitrios , Eckart Sebastian , Bauer Leonie , Hilzinger Maria , Jahnke Till , Dörner Reinhard , Demekhin Philipp V. , Schöffler Markus S.
Published: May 2022

The photoelectron circular dichroism is strongly influenced by the origin where the electron is set free.
Hydration in aqueous NaCl
Authors: Sahle Christoph J. , de Clermont Gallerande Emmanuelle , Niskanen Johannes , Longo Alessandro , Elbers Mirko , Schroer Martin A. , Sternemann Christian , Jahn Sandro
Published: May 2022

Atomistic details about the hydration of Na+- and Cl−-ions in aqueous solutions are studied by a combination of X-ray spectroscopy and spectrum calculation based on molecular dynamics simulations.
Tunable lattice thermal conductivity of twisted bilayer MoS2
Authors: Mandal Soham , Maity Indrajit , Das Anindya , Jain Manish , Maiti Prabal K.
Published: May 2022

The diminishing trend of lattice thermal conductivity with (κ) with the Moiré lattice constant of twisted bilayer MoS2.
Adsorption characteristics of peptides on ω-functionalized self-assembled monolayers: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Yadav Hari O. S. , Kuo An-Tsung , Urata Shingo , Funahashi Kosuke , Imamura Yutaka , Shinoda Wataru
Published: May 2022

Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate the adsorption behavior of a variety of amino-acid side-chain analogs (SCAs) and a β-hairpin (HP7) peptide on a series of liquid-like self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with terminal functional groups of –OH, –OCH3, –CH3, and –CF3.
In situ monitoring of the plasmon catalytic reaction of p-nitroaniline at a gas–liquid–solid three phase interface
Authors: Shi Ziqian , Liu Jingwen , Xi Hongyan , Wu Pengfei , Pan Niu , You Tingting , Gao Yukun , Yin Penggang
Published: May 2022

The plasmon reaction of the p-nitroaniline molecule at the three-phase interface of a silver nanostructure is closely related to oxygen. The amount of oxygen affects the rate and degree of the surface plasmon catalytic reaction.
Insight into the inclusion of heteroatom impurities in silicon structures
Authors: Maji Rita , Luppi Eleonora , Degoli Elena , Contreras-García Julia
Published: May 2022

A comprehensive understanding of the structural condition and impurity agglomerates in poly-Si structures can be obtained through the topological analysis of ELF for the characterization of chemical changes induced by defects.
Analysis of alternative bioenergy with carbon capture strategies: present and future
Authors: Geissler Caleb H. , Maravelias Christos T.
Published: May 2022

Optimization models are used to investigate the economic and environmental performance of bioenergy with carbon capture and sequestration (BECCS) systems, and how these metrics are expected to change in the coming decades.
Efficient interconnecting layers in monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells
Authors: Zhang Meng , Lin Zhiqun
Published: May 2022

Advances in the interconnecting layer (ICL), rendered either via tunnel junctions or recombination layers, in all-perovskite tandem solar cells are systematically reviewed to guide future attempts for rationally designing and developing robust ICLs.
Exploring the boundaries in the analysis of large particles by single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: application to nanoclays
Authors: Ojeda David , Bolea Eduardo , Pérez-Arantegui Josefina , Laborda Francisco
Published: May 2022

The analysis of large nanomaterials with only one dimension in the range of nanometers (nanoclays) by SP-ICP-MS is proposed.
An approach to estimate the contribution of signal noise to the diameter uncertainty of individual silver nanoparticles and resolution of spICP-MS analysis
Authors: Kaynarova Lidia Ivanova , Georgieva Deyana Liubomirova , Stefanova Violeta Milenkova
Published: May 2022

The factors influencing the signal noise and its contribution to the uncertainty of a single AgNP size in spICP-MS were investigated.
Comparison of GC-ICP-MS, GC-EI-MS and GC-EI-MS/MS for the determination of methylmercury, ethylmercury and inorganic mercury in biological samples by triple spike species-specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry
Authors: Suárez-Criado Laura , Queipo-Abad Silvia , Rodríguez-Cea Andrés , Rodríguez-González Pablo , García Alonso J. Ignacio
Published: May 2022

We present here the comparison of three mass spectrometric techniques coupled to gas chromatography for the speciation of Hg in complex matrices in order to evaluate the limiting factors for providing accurate and precise quantification results.
Dielectric heating of highly corrosive and oxidizing reagents on a hybrid glass microfiber–polymer centrifugal microfluidic device
Authors: O'Connell Killian C. , Lawless Nicola K. , Stewart Brennan M. , Landers James P.
Published: May 2022

Customizable and cost-efficient corrosive and/or oxidizing reagent storage strategy for integration within polymeric microfluidic devices. Compatibility with dielectric heating extends capabilities for use in sample preparation and/or detection.
Toward high-performance organic photovoltaics: the new cooperation of sequential solution-processing and promising non-fullerene acceptors
Authors: Guo Siru , Hu Yingyue , Qin Meng , Li Jianshu , Wang Yinghan , Qin Jiaqiang , Cheng Pei
Published: May 2022

This minireview highlights the recent progress on sequential solution-processed fullerene-free OPVs, which can improve the power conversion efficiency, stability, and drive the industrial applications in semitransparent and large-area OPVs.
Enhanced photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium by using piezo-photo active calcium bismuth oxide ferroelectric nanoflakes
Authors: Khosya Mohit , Faraz Mohd , Khare Neeraj
Published: May 2022

The working mechanism of CBO nanoflakes for the reduction of Cr(vi): (a) in the presence of visible light only, and (b) the combined effect of visible light and ultrasonic vibrations.
A new diformyl phenol based chemosensor selectively detects Zn2+ and Co2+ in the nanomolar range in 100% aqueous medium and HCT live cells
Authors: Naskar Barnali , Das Mukhopadhyay Chitrangada , Goswami Sanchita
Published: May 2022

A new diformyl phenol based chemosensor that can sense Zn2+ and Co2+ in the nanomolar range in 100% aqueous solution and in HCT cells was explored.
Relative rates of alkylation for B-substituted triarylphosphines: an ortho-Boron group enhances reactivity on phosphorus
Authors: Mancinelli Joseph P. , Liu Shubin , Wilkerson-Hill Sidney M.
Published: May 2022

A slight rate enhancement for substitution reactions on P results from electrostatic interactions with an ortho-Bpin group.
Peptide macrocyclisation via late-stage reductive amination
Authors: Bell Hayden J. , Malins Lara R.
Published: May 2022

A two-component reductive amination protocol enables the macrocyclisation of unprotected peptide diamines with functionalised pyridinedialdehyde linkers.
Interpenetrated triple network polymers: synergies of three different dynamic bonds
Authors: Wanasinghe Shiwanka V. , De Alwis Watuthanthrige Nethmi , Konkolewicz Dominik
Published: May 2022

Triply interpenetrated networks were made with a unique dynamic linker in each network. The linkers were hydrogen bonds, boronic esters and Diels–Alder adducts. Triply dynamic materials had superior properties compared to doubly dynamic analogues.
Direct conversion of solid g-C3N4 into metal-ended N-doped carbon nanotubes for rechargeable Zn–air batteries
Authors: Zhang Zixuan , Wang Yin , Guan Jingqi , Zhang Tingting , Li Peihe , Hao Yin , Duan Limei , Niu Zhiqiang , Liu Jinghai
Published: May 2022

Direct conversion of solid g-C3N4 into Co-ended N-doped carbon nanotubes as bifunctional electrocatalyst with ORR and OER activity for efficient rechargable Zn-air batteries.
Two isomeric metal–organic frameworks bearing stilbene moieties for highly volatile iodine uptake
Authors: Tang Jianping , Zhou Shenghua , Huang Mengyi , Liang Zhenxin , Su Shaodong , Wen Yuehong , Zhu Qi-Long , Wu Xintao
Published: May 2022

Two isomeric MOFs bearing stilbene moieties, which serve as promising candidates for highly volatile iodine uptake at room temperature, were prepared by adjusting the diffusion temperature.
Construction of OH-functionalized MWCNT/solid waste composites with tubular/spherical heterostructures for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption property
Authors: Liu Mengzhu , Wang Hongwei , Lv Yangyang , Zhang Yingyuan , Wang Yongpeng , Zhang Haibo , Jiang Zhenhua
Published: May 2022

Novel MWCNT/FAC composites based on a tubular/spherical micro–nano structure system are designed and prepared through physical mixing for achieving enhanced EWA property.
Brownian simulations for tetra-gel-type phantom networks composed of prepolymers with bidisperse arm length
Authors: Masubuchi Yuichi , Yamazaki Ryohei , Doi Yuya , Uneyama Takashi , Sakumichi Naoyuki , Sakai Takamasa
Published: May 2022

Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we studied the mechanical properties of tetra-gel-type networks with varying arm length contrast of prepolymers to modulate the number of double linkages.
Two-dimensional metal–organic frameworks as efficient electrocatalysts for bifunctional oxygen evolution/reduction reactions
Authors: Wang Anyang , Niu Huan , Wang Xiting , Wan Xuhao , Xie Liu , Zhang Zhaofu , Wang Jun , Guo Yuzheng
Published: May 2022

By means of first principles calculations, Rh3(C6S6)2 is clarified as bifunctional OER/ORR catalyst with overpotentials of 0.43/0.42 V.
Alloying Sb into all inorganic lead-free CsBi3I10 for improving the crystal growth and photovoltaic performance
Authors: Kang Jian , Chen Shan , Hao Mengmeng , Liu Junxian , Al-Mamun Mohammad , Liu Porun , Wang Yun , Yin Huajie , Zhao Huijun
Published: May 2022

The incorporation of isovalent Sb3+ into all inorganic lead-free CsBi3I10 leads to the improved crystal growth and reduced bandgaps. Solar cells based on Cs(Bi0.7Sb0.3)3I10 yield a champion PCE of 1.54% with a high Voc of 0.81 V.
Li alloy anodes for high-rate and high-areal-capacity solid-state batteries
Authors: Huang Yonglin , Shao Bowen , Han Fudong
Published: May 2022

This work evaluates the dendrite suppression capability of common Li alloy anodes. Li-Al alloy outperforms other alloys in terms of dendrite suppression possibly due to its excellent mechanical properties.
Hovering spreading rebound on porous superhydrophobic surface with active air plastron for rapid drop detachment
Authors: Wang Yatong , Xu Bingzhe , Chen Zhen , Li Guohao , Li Zhe
Published: May 2022

Hovering spreading rebound on porous superhydrophobic surfaces with active air plastron achieves an unprecedentedly low contact time of ∼1.2 ms for impacting water drops, which is 68% smaller than that for pancake rebound.
In vivo stealthified molecularly imprinted polymer nanogels incorporated with gold nanoparticles for radiation therapy
Authors: Kitayama Yukiya , Yamada Takuya , Kiguchi Kentaro , Yoshida Aoi , Hayashi Shuhei , Akasaka Hiroaki , Igarashi Kazunori , Nishimura Yuya , Matsumoto Yu , Sasaki Ryohei , Takano Eri , Sunayama Hirobumi , Takeuchi Toshifumi
Published: May 2022

Gold-nanoparticle-incorporated molecularly imprinted nanogels acquire stealth capabilities in vivo through protein corona regulation using intrinsic dysopsonic proteins. The composite can be used in radiation therapy to treat mouse pancreatic cancer.
A biomineralized Prussian blue nanotherapeutic for enhanced cancer photothermal therapy
Authors: Zhong Daliang , Wang Yuxin , Xie Fan , Chen Siying , Yang Xinyan , Ma Zaiqiang , Wang Shibo , Iqbal M. Zubair , Ge Jian , Zhang Quan , Zhao Ruibo , Kong Xiangdong
Published: May 2022

Biomineralization has been introduced to improve the photothermal conversion efficiency of Prussian blue, representing a novel strategy for Prussian blue-based cancer photothermal therapy.
Optical generation and electric control of pure spin photocurrent in a ferroelectric Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite (MA)2Pb(SCN)2I2 monolayer
Authors: Zhao Yue , Mu Xingchi , Gou Gaoyang , Zhou Jian , Lu Xiaoli , Hao Yue
Published: May 2022

We demonstrate that optical generation and nonvolatile control of pure spin photocurrent can be simultaneously realized in a single-phase ferroelectric semiconductor Ruddlesden–Popper organic–inorganic perovskite (MA)2Pb(SCN)2I2 monolayer.
Behavioral and Neural Assessments of Auditory Skill Development After Hearing Instrument Fitting in Children: Case Reports and Clinical Implications
Authors: Chang Yi-ping , Chang Shu-Ting , Chang Hsiu-Wen , Hong Hsuan-Mei
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to comprehensively monitor the auditory skill development of children with hearing loss after hearing instrument fitting, and a battery of four assessments was proposed.

Method:

This battery was designed to fill the gap in speech discrimination in clinically available evaluations. The battery includes both behavioral and neural assessments. On the other hand, both tests in structured settings (sound-treated booth) and daily life were included in the battery. The four assessments include visual reinforced infant speech discrimination (VRISD), cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP), Auditory Skills Checklist (ASC), and Parents' Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance of Children (PEACH).

Results:

Two cases were reported, and their clinical implications were discussed.

Conclusions:

The proposed comprehensive assessment battery is suitable for evaluating children who are developmentally appropriate for visual reinforcement audiometry. More importantly, the VRISD assessment fills in the current gap, which is the discrimination stage, for the available clinical tests for assessing auditory developmental stages.
Maintenance and Generalization of Lexical Items in Primary Progressive Aphasia: Reflections From the Roundtable Discussion at the 2021 Clinical Aphasiology Conference
Authors: Jokel Regina
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

Our capacity to engage in society and maintain meaningful relationships is dependent on intact communication skills. They are compromised in a neurodegenerative language disorder termed primary progressive aphasia (PPA). Behavioral interventions for PPA are sparse and often limited to impairment-based approaches or communication skills training, although various functional interventions have been also described. The slow but relentless language decline does not naturally support maintenance and/or generalization of treatment gains, which should be the ultimate goal of any therapy. However, in some cases and under certain conditions, maintenance and generalization may be accomplished. While each type of intervention has much to offer to the PPA population, the clinical and research realms can benefit from a collective professional discussion on aspects of intervention conducive to maintenance and/or generalization of treatment gains in PPA. Such a discussion took place at the 2021 Clinical Aphasiology Conference during two roundtable sessions. The aims of the sessions were to review the premises of successful treatment approaches in PPA and to discuss factors fostering or inhibiting maintenance and generalization in PPA.

Conclusions:

Current literature delivers, albeit in small doses, encouraging evidence for clinicians providing language intervention to patients with PPA. Although PPA is a progressive disorder, both the immediate treatment effects and, in many cases, evidence of maintenance and generalization demonstrate that improvements may be long lasting and transferrable. Several factors may enhance maintenance and generalization effects, including repeated practice, working with multiple exemplars of treatment items, booster sessions, group programs with built-in individual sessions, spared semantics, and personal relevance, to name a few. With this evidence in hand, we need to become more diligent about measuring and reporting clinical outcomes and delivering interventions that support maintenance and generalization of therapeutic gains beyond the clinician's office.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19836370
Infecção periprotética do joelho – Parte 1: Fatores de risco, classificação e diagnóstico
Authors: Barretto João Maurício , Campos André Luiz Siqueira , Ooka Nelson Hiroyuki Miyabe
Published: May 2022

A infecção é uma das complicações mais temidas no pós-operatório de artroplastias do joelho. Com o envelhecimento populacional progressivo e o aumento da incidência de doenças degenerativas articulares, observa-se um aumento exponencial do número de artroplastias realizadas e, consequentemente, do número de infecções pós-operatórias. O diagnóstico destas devem seguir um protocolo hierarquizado, com critérios bem definidos, que conduzam à conclusão diagnóstica, orientando, assim, o tratamento mais adequado. O objetivo do presente artigo de atualização é apresentar os principais fatores de risco, as classificações e, principalmente, guiar de forma organizada a investigação diagnóstica.
The Predictive Value of Vital Signs for Morbidity in Pregnancy: Evaluating and Optimizing Maternal Early Warning Systems
Authors: Kern-Goldberger Adina R. , Ewing Julie , Polin Melanie , D'Alton Mary , Friedman Alexander M. , Goffman Dena
Published: May 2022

Objective Vital sign scoring systems that alert providers of clinical deterioration prior to critical illness have been proposed as a means of reducing maternal risk. This study examined the predictive ability of established maternal early warning systems (MEWS)—as well as their component vital sign thresholds—for different types of maternal morbidity, to discern an optimal early warning system.

Study Design This retrospective cohort study analyzed all patients admitted to the obstetric services of a four-hospital urban academic system in 2018. Three sets of published MEWS criteria were evaluated. Maternal morbidity was defined as a composite of hemorrhage, infection, acute cardiac disease, and acute respiratory disease ascertained from the electronic medical record data warehouse and administrative data. The test characteristics of each MEWS, as well as for heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation were compared.

Results Of 14,597 obstetric admissions, 2,451 patients experienced the composite morbidity outcome (16.8%) including 980 cases of hemorrhage (6.7%), 1,337 of infection (9.2%), 362 of acute cardiac disease (2.5%), and 275 of acute respiratory disease (1.9%) (some patients had multiple types of morbidity). The sensitivities (15.3–64.8%), specificities (56.8–96.1%), and positive predictive values (22.3–44.5%) of the three MEWS criteria ranged widely for overall morbidity, as well as for each morbidity subcategory. Of patients with any morbidity, 28% met criteria for the most liberal vital sign combination, while only 2% met criteria for the most restrictive parameters, compared with 14 and 1% of patients without morbidity, respectively. Sensitivity for all combinations was low (maximum 28.2%), while specificity for all combinations was high, ranging from 86.1 to 99.3%.

Conclusion Though all MEWS criteria demonstrated poor sensitivity for maternal morbidity, permutations of the most abnormal vital signs have high specificity, suggesting that MEWS may be better implemented as a trigger tool for morbidity reduction strategies in the highest risk patients, rather than a general screen.

Key Points
Imaging Assessment of Prognostic Parameters in Cases of Isolated Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Integrative Review
Authors: da-Costa-Santos Juliana , Bennini João Renato
Published: May 2022

Objective Antenatal recognition of severe cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) by ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may aid decisions regarding the indication of fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion.

Methods An integrative review was performed. Searches in MEDLINE and EMBASE used terms related to CDH, diagnosis, MRI, and US. The inclusion criteria were reviews and guidelines approaching US and MRI markers of severity of CDH published in English in the past 10 years.

Results The search retrieved 712 studies, out of which 17 publications were included. The US parameters were stomach and liver positions, lung-to-head ratio (LHR), observed/expected LHR (o/e LHR), and quantitative lung index. The MRI parameters were total fetal lung volume (TFLV), observed/expected TFLV, relative fetal or percent predicted lung volumes, liver intrathoracic ratio, and modified McGoon index. None of the parameters was reported to be superior to the others.

Conclusion The most mentioned parameters were o/e LHR, LHR, liver position, o/e TFLV, and TFLV.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Related to the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic among Women Seeking Contraceptive Methods
Authors: Garcia Elaine Aparecida Lopes , Ferreira Jessica Mayra , Veiga-Junior Nelio , Bahamondes Luis , Monteiro Ilza
Published: May 2022

Objective To determine knowledge, attitude, and preventive (KAP) practices towards the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic among women in reproductive age seeking to use copper or hormonal intrauterine devices (IUD/LNG-IUS).

Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in which we applied a questionnaire on 400 women about KAP practices on COVID-19 at the University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil, from May to August 2020.

Results The mean (±SD) age of the women was 30.8 ± 7.9 years, and 72.8% of them reported being pregnant at least once. Most women (95%) had heard or read about COVID-19, and their main sources of information were television (91%) and government websites (53%). However, 53% of the women had doubts about the veracity of the information accessed.

Conclusion Women without a partner and with > 12 years of schooling had more information about COVID-19 and on its impact on new pregnancy, and those from high socioeconomic status had a higher chance of maintaining physical distance. Safety, effectiveness, comfort, and absence of hormone in the contraceptive method (in the case of TCu380A IUD) were the main reasons for the participants to seek the service during the pandemic, and the possibility to stop menstrual bleeding was the main reason to choose the LNG-IUS.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescence: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Manique Mariana Enxuto Santos , Ferreira Ana Margarida Antunes Póvoa
Published: May 2022

Diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during adolescence is challenging since normal pubertal development overlap typical features of this syndrome. The authors aim to summarize the existing evidence concerning PCOS in adolescence, particularly its diagnostic criteria and therapeutic options. A search throughout medical databases such as PubMed and MedScape was performed. Diagnostic criteria include irregular menstrual cycles according to time postmenarche and evidence of clinical hyperandrogenism and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism, provided other causes have been excluded. Polycystic ovarian morphology ought not to be used as a diagnostic criterion. Treatment should target manifestations and/or comorbidities, even in the absence of a definite diagnosis. Lifestyle interventions are the first-line treatment. Combined oral contraceptives, metformin or antiandrogens may also be considered as adjuvants. Screening for PCOS in adolescence is crucial as it allows an early intervention on the symptoms and comorbidities presented leading to better long-term reproductive and metabolic outcomes.
Brain Biomarkers in Patients with COVID-19 and Neurological Manifestations: A Narrative Review
Authors: Tyagi Mayank , Kapoor Indu , Mahajan Charu , Gupta Nidhi , Prabhakar Hemanshu
Published: May 2022

Acute hyperinflammatory response (cytokine storm) and immunosuppression are responsible for critical illness in patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is a serious public health crisis that has affected millions of people worldwide. The main clinical manifestations are mostly by respiratory tract involvement and have been extensively researched. Increasing numbers of evidence from emerging studies point out the possibility of neurological involvement by COVID-19 highlighting the need for developing technology to diagnose, manage, and treat brain injury in such patients. Here, we aimed to discuss the rationale for the use of an emerging spectrum of blood biomarkers to guide future diagnostic strategies to mitigate brain injury-associated morbidity and mortality risks in COVID-19 patients, their use in clinical practice, and prediction of neurological outcomes.
Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction is Safe in Patients on Chronic Anticoagulation
Authors: Yan Maria , Kuruoglu Doga , Boughey Judy C. , Manrique Oscar J. , Tran Nho V. , Harless Christin A. , Martinez-Jorge Jorys , Nguyen Minh-Doan T.
Published: May 2022

Background Postmastectomy breast reconstruction (PMR) increases patient satisfaction, quality of life, and psychosocial well-being. There is scarce data regarding the safety of PMR in chronic anticoagulated patients. Perioperative complications can reduce patient satisfaction; therefore, it is important to elucidate the safety of PMR in these patients.

Methods A retrospective case–control study of patients who underwent PMR with implants and were on chronic anticoagulation was performed at our institution. Inclusion criteria were women ≥ 18 years old. Exclusion criteria included autologous reconstructions, lumpectomy, and oncoplastic procedures. Two controls for every one patient on anticoagulation were matched by age, body mass index, radiotherapy, smoking history, type of reconstruction, time of reconstruction, and laterality.

Results From 2009 to 2020, 37 breasts (20 patients) underwent PMR with implant-based reconstruction and were on chronic anticoagulation. A total of 74 breasts (40 patients) who had similar demographic characteristics to the cases were defined as the control group. Mean age for the case group was 53.6 years (standard deviation [SD] = 16.1), mean body mass index was 28.6 kg/m2 (SD = 5.1), and 2.7% of breasts had radiotherapy before reconstruction and 5.4% after reconstruction. Nine patients were on long-term warfarin, six on apixaban, three on rivaroxaban, one on low-molecular-weight heparin, and one on dabigatran. The indications for anticoagulation were prior thromboembolic events in 50%. Anticoagulated patients had a higher risk of capsular contracture (10.8% vs. 0%, p = 0.005). There were no differences regarding incidence of hematoma (2.7% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.63), thromboembolism (5% vs. 0%, p = 0.16), reconstructive-related complications, or length of hospitalization (1.6 days [SD = 24.2] vs. 1.4 days [SD = 24.2], p = 0.85).

Conclusion Postmastectomy implant-based breast reconstruction can be safely performed in patients on chronic anticoagulation with appropriate perioperative management of anticoagulation. This information can be useful for preoperative counseling on these patients.
Prolonged Opioid Use Among Opioid-Naive Women Undergoing Breast Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Samuel Ankhita R. , Fuhr Laura , DeGeorge Brent R. , Black Jonathan , Campbell Christopher , Stranix John T.
Published: May 2022

Background Patients that undergo mastectomy for breast cancer with reconstruction may be prone to prolonged opioid use. As risk factors are not well-established, this article sought to better understand the risk factors that may be associated with this.

Methods Patients that underwent breast reconstruction between 2010 and 2018 were identified in PearlDiver, a national insurance claims database. Patient demographics and comorbidities were elucidated, and various complications were then identified. Descriptive statistics as well as a multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the association of risk factors and complications.

Results Breast reconstruction patients of 24,765 were identified from this database. Obesity, tobacco use, benzodiazepine use, and anticonvulsant use were all associated with prolonged opioid prescriptions greater than 90 days after both alloplastic and autologous reconstruction.

Conclusion Prolonged opioid use continues to remain a topic of concern, and particularly in cancer patients that undergo breast reconstruction. Providers should be aware of potential risk factors for this to reduce this chance following breast reconstruction surgery.
Dynamic Upper Eyelid Reconstruction for Total Periorbital Soft Tissue Loss
Authors: Vathulya Madhubari , Manohar Nishank , Jagtap Manish Pradip , Mago Vishal , Jayaprakash Praveen A.
Published: May 2022

Total eyelid defect comprises full-thickness loss of both upper and lower eyelids in a patient. It is a rare and devastating condition with serious implications related to vision, which mandates early and functional reconstruction when associated with intact globe. The primary goal is to give a stable coverage for orbital protection but at the same time provide a functional reconstruction of the defect, to allow for adequate mobility of the eyelids so that the patient's vision is restored to normal with minimal disability. When the defect is massive, and in the absence of loco-regional flaps, microvascular tissue transfer is needed. In this report we describe a radial-artery-based microvascular tissue transfer with a unique innovation utilizing the contralateral frontalis muscle to reconstruct a case of unilateral total upper and lower eyelid loss.
Midface Infection after COVID-19 Vaccination in a Patient with Calcium Hydroxylapatite Dermal Filler: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jeon Hong Bae , Yoon Jae Hee , Lim Nam Kyu
Published: May 2022

The emergence of vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) raises risk of possible adverse events from interaction between the vaccines and facial aesthetic care. A 47-year-old female with no medical comorbidities visited our emergency room due to midface painful swelling after 3 hours following receiving the second dose of the messenger RNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine. About 14 years ago, she underwent nonsurgical augmentation on the nasojugal groove with a calcium hydroxylapatite dermal filler. We performed incision and drainage under general anesthesia on the next day. During operation, yellowish pus-like materials bulged out. After an operation, we performed a combination therapy with antibiotics and methylprednisolone. Her symptoms improved day by day after surgery, and then a complete recovery was achieved at 3 weeks after the treatment. In conclusion, providers of aesthetic procedures are to be aware of the potential risks of such vaccines for patients who already had or seek to receive dermal filler injections.
Gluteus Maximus Muscle Flap in Tongue in Groove and Wrap Around Pattern for Refractory CSF Leakage in Extradural Cyst Patient
Authors: Park Kyong Chan , Lee Jun Ho , Shim Jae Jun , Lee Hyun Ju , Choi Hwan Jun
Published: May 2022

Spinal extradural arachnoid cyst (SEAC) is a rare disease and has surgical challenges because of the critical surrounding anatomy. We describe the rare case of a 58-year-old woman who underwent extradural cyst total excision with dural repair and presented with refractory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage even though two consecutive surgeries including dural defect re-repair and lumbar-peritoneal shunt were performed. The authors covered the sacral defect using bilateral gluteus maximus muscle flap in tongue in groove and wrap around pattern for protection of visible sacral nerve roots and blockage of CSF leakage point. With the flap coverage, the disappearance of cyst and fluid collection was confirmed in the postoperative radiological finding, and the clinical symptoms were significantly improved. By protecting the sacral nerve roots and covering the base of sacral defect, we can minimize the risk of complication and resolve the refractory fluid collection. Our results suggest that the gluteus muscle flap can be a safe and effective option for sacral defect and CSF leakage in extradural cyst or other conditions.