bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Successful implantation of a novel polymer-free everolimus-eluting stent using nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide film with good patency on follow-up angiography: A case report
Authors: Oh Seok , Jeong Myung Ho , Park Dae Sung , Kim Munki , Kim Jung Ha , Hyun Dae Young , Cho Kyung Hoon , Kim Min Chul , Sim Doo Sun , Hong Young Joon , Kim Ju Han , Ahn Youngkeun
Published: July 2022

Rationale:

Despite technological advances in interventional cardiology during the last decades, many concerns remain regarding the narrowing and occlusion of the in-stent area. Particularly, polymer materials pose several problems, including chronic arterial inflammation, impaired arterial healing, and stent thrombosis. To avoid these complications, we invented the TIGEREVOLUTION stent with a cobalt–chromium alloy-based stent platform deposited with N-TiO2 film, which has demonstrated good biocompatibility. As this stent is not coated with polymer, it is expected to have decreased risk of stent thrombosis.

Patient concerns:

A 62-year-old Korean man visited our department because of angina. We commenced coronary angiography (CAG).

Diagnosis:

CAG revealed critical stenosis in the mid-portion of the right coronary artery, with a minimum lumen area of 1.08mm2 on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Intervention:

Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed with implantation of a novel 3.5 × 26-mm polymer-free everolimus-eluting stent using nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide film (TIGEREVOLUTION® stent). Post-percutaneous coronary intervention OCT showed good stent expansion and apposition, and the patient was discharged successfully and uneventfully.

Outcomes:

Eight months later, follow-up coronary angiography demonstrated good stent patency with no definitive evidence of in-stent restenosis, with thin stent strut coverage demonstrated on OCT.

Lessons:

We report the first case of TIGEREVOLUTION stent implantation with follow-up OCT at 8 months.
The correlation analysis of TERT promoter mutations with IDH1/2 mutations and 1p/19q detected in human gliomas
Authors: Xu Jie , Xu Fang-Ping , Liu Zhi-Hua , Cui Qian , Zhang Ke-Ping , Li Zhi
Published: July 2022

Background:

To investigate the correlations between mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 mutations or 1p/19q deletion in human gliomas.

Methods:

TERT promoter gene and IDH gene mutations in 110 glioma specimens were evaluated using first generation Sanger sequencing. The 1p/19q status was determined with fluorescence in situ hybridization. The relationship between TERT promoter mutations and IDH gene mutations as well as 1p/19q deletion was analyzed using the χ2 test and Spearman rank correlation test.

Results:

The TERT promoter mutation rate in 110 glioma specimens was 39.09% (43/110), with a rate of 32.56% (14/43) for C228T mutation and 67.44% (29/43) for C250T mutation. The IDH gene mutation rate in all specimens was 31.82% (35/110), with a rate of 52.78% (19/36) in low-grade gliomas and 21.62% (16/74) in high grade gliomas. The 1p/19q deletion rate was 28.18% (31/110) in all specimens. Correlation analysis revealed that TERT promoter mutation was positively correlated with 1p/19q deletion (relative precision (rp) = 0.244, P = .015). In lower-grade glioma with IDH mutation, TERT promoter mutation was positively correlated with 1p/19q deletion (rp = 0.856, P = .000). The prognosis for gliomas with IDH mutation/TERT mutation/1p/19qdeletion was good. Mutation of the TERT promoter was negatively correlated with IDH gene mutation (rp = −0.290, P = .004), except in 10 cases of oligodendroglioma and 1 case of anaplastic oligodendroglioma.

Conclusion:

There may be a complex inter-regulatory relationship between the mutations of the TERT promoter and IDH gene as well as 1p/19q abnormalities in human gliomas.
Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration as a diagnostic modality for schwannoma: A case report
Authors: Liu Wei , Li Yun , Chen Lingjia , Liu Zhiguang , Zhang Weidong
Published: July 2022

Introduction:

Schwannomas are the most common nerve sheath tumors in the paravertebral mediastinum. Although radiological imaging is helpful in diagnosing schwannomas, a definitive diagnosis is dependent on pathological features of a surgical specimen. For patients who require preoperative diagnosis, an incisional biopsy using minimally invasive surgery is preferred. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is less commonly used for suspected schwannomas.

Patient concerns:

A 48-year-old woman presented to the clinic with complaints of productive cough for >1 month, expectorating yellow and mucoid sputum approximately 4 to 5 times per day. Chest computed tomography revealed a well-circumscribed, homogeneous, soft tissue mass lesion in right upper posterior mediastinum, measuring 55 mm × 44 mm. Vocal fremitus in the right upper lung was diminished, the percussion note was slightly dull, and breath sounds were slightly reduced on auscultation. The patient was a nondrinker and nonsmoker, with no other relevant medical history. There was no significant relevant family medical history.

Diagnosis:

Complete blood count and blood biochemistry were within normal limits, except for an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (32 mm/h). EBUS-TBNA was performed and histopathological findings were consistent with schwannoma.

Interventions:

The patient underwent schwannoma excision by thoracoscopy. Pathological findings from the surgical specimen were consistent with the EBUS-TBNA results. Based on EBUS-TBNA and postsurgical pathology, the patient was diagnosed with a right upper mediastinal schwannoma (Antoni B).

Outcomes:

The patient experienced an uneventful postoperative recovery with no adjuvant therapy and was discharged on April 18, 2017. The patient has been followed up for 4 years and has not experienced any symptoms.

Conclusions:

Cell blocks obtained from EBUS-TBNA afford the possibility of cytological examination and immunocytochemical staining, which can confirm diagnosis of schwannoma.
Effects of Tuina on newborns with jaundice: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yan Huaying , Zhou Qiujun , Zhu Haijia , Yang Huifeng , Wang Hui , Ling Jie , Wang Jinhui , Cao Yi , Tao Maocan
Published: July 2022

Background:

The impact of Tuina on neonatal jaundice is not yet comprehensively understood, and its clinical application is rather limited. This study systematically assessed the relevant literature and conducted a meta-analysis to study the influence of Tuina on neonatal jaundice and provide convincing clinical evidence for promoting its clinical application.

Methods:

We searched Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, CQVIP, and CBM from the establishment of the database up to July 2021. Studies that are randomized controlled trials were included. However, duplicate publications; manuscripts with no full text, incomplete information, or inability to extract data; animal experiments; and reviews and systematic reviews were excluded. STATA 15.1 was used to analyze the data.

Results:

The pooled results showed that compared with the treatment of neonatal jaundice solely with blue light, Tuina combined with blue light significantly improved the total effective rate and frequency of defecation on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 and significantly decreased the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score; the third serum total bilirubin on days 3, 4, and 7; and duration of jaundice. Moreover, the incidence of adverse events in neonatal jaundice treated with Tuina combined with blue light was significantly lower than that with blue light alone.

Conclusion:

Tuina combined with blue light for treating neonatal jaundice can increase the effect of clinical treatment and reduce the adverse events caused by blue light therapy. Thus, the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine Tuina in neonatal jaundice should be further promoted.
The association of efficacy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition and tumor mutational burden in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer: A PRISMA-guided literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Dahui , Yuan Chong , Zhang Hedan , Chu Wenyan
Published: July 2022

Background:

Tumor mutation burden (TMB) has been reported to emerge as an independent biomarker of response to identify patients who would achieve benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, it still remains controversy that whether TMB can be a robust biomarker of response to programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibition. We performed this meta-analysis to assess the relationship between TMB and the efficacy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods:

Following the recommendations of the PRISMA statement, electronic databases literature search was done on the published articles till March 2021, including Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases. Studies were selected that focused on comparing the efficacy of TMB-high group and TMB-low group in NSCLC patients received with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Meta-analysis Revman 5.3 software was utilized to calculate the pooled outcomes.

Results:

A systematic literature search was conducted 8 articles, including 11 comparative articles. Findings of our studies shown that patients with TMB-high group was associated with better clinical outcomes than TMB-low group, including progression-free survival (odds ratio [OR], 0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–0.49; P < .00001), complete response (OR, 4.71; 95% CI, 2.32–9.57; P < .0001), durable clinical benefit (OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 2.38–5.96; P < .00001) and the objective response rate (OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.83–5.37; P < .0001). While, it failed to predict overall survival benefits (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.45–1.20; P = .22).

Conclusions:

Our study found that NSCLC with high TMB who benefit from immunotherapy. The findings suggest that TMB could associated with a greater predictive power of response. Possibly a more TMB-oriented prediction model might gain more benefits from PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
Incidence and comparative prognosis of cancers with metastasis to noncommon sites: A population-based study
Authors: Abdelazeem Basel , Abbas Kirellos Said , Rao Deepti Nagaraja , Tariq Rabeet , Wahab Ahsan
Published: July 2022

Primary tumors have common sites of metastasis such as lymph nodes, bones, liver, lungs, and brain; however, they can also metastasize to other uncommon sites such as adrenals, bone marrow, and skin among others. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between uncommon sites of metastasis at the time of diagnosis and median survival in a number of primary tumors using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

This retrospective cohort study conducted between September–October 2021 included patient-level SEER data for 2016–2018 using SEER Research Data, 9 Registries, Nov 2020 Sub (1975–2018). Descriptive analysis for complete cohort and median survival for each primary within the cohort was performed using R software.

A total of 25,345 patients (females, 51.4%) were diagnosed with primary tumors with metastasis to uncommon sites at the time of diagnosis; the mean age at diagnosis was 68 years. Lung and bronchus primaries constituted the largest proportion of cohort (41.9%) that metastasized to uncommon sites, followed by nonHodgkin lymphoma-nodal (7.4%), pancreas (6.6%), stomach (3.7%), and ovarian (3.4%). The incidence of metastasis to uncommon sites was most common in respiratory cancers in ages 61–80 years (25%) and least in breast primaries in ages 18–40 years (0.1%), and was higher in Whites compared to other races. Regarding median survival, liver cancer with metastasis to uncommon sites had the worst prognosis (1 month), whereas small intestine tumors were associated with a better prognosis, median survival of 13 months.

In this cohort study, the lung and bronchus cancers were the most common primaries metastasized to uncommon sites at diagnosis. The liver tumor had the worst survival compared to other tumors. These findings will help redirect the available screening tools to improve survival in patients with primary tumors with metastasis at diagnosis and may also play an essential role in future research and achieve a better prognosis for cancer patients.
Clinicopathological features, prognosis, and fertility outcomes in Chinese Han women treated for ovarian yolk sac tumor: A retrospective case series study from two tertiary-care academic medical centers
Authors: Qin Li , Wang Bo , Wang Zaiping , He Du
Published: July 2022

Objective:

Ovarian yolk sac tumor (YST) is a very rare malignant tumor in young women. This study aimed to explore the clinicopathological prognostic characteristics and reproductive outcomes of Chinese Han patients.

Methods:

To describe a case series study, we reviewed the clinicopathological data of 50 YST patients treated from 2 tertiary medical academic medical centers from January 2009 to December 2019. The Akaike information criterion was used to select variables. The influence of relevant characteristics on prognosis factors was analyzed by the Cox proportional hazard model.

Results:

The median follow-up time was 64.5 months (range from 3 to 124 months). The median age was 22.7 years (3 to 34 years). Abdominal pain (54.0%) or mass (42.0%) were the most common clinical symptoms in the early stage of diagnosis. The tumors were located bilaterally in 4 cases. 27 patients, 7 patients, 13 patients, and 3 patients were in stage I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Twenty-one stage I patients and 12 stage II to IV patients underwent fertility-preserving surgery. Of the 50 patients who received postoperative chemotherapy, 49 received the BEP regimen. At the last follow-up, 92% of the patients were still alive. The overall survival rate and disease-free survival rate were 91.6% and 90.6%, respectively. Recurrence occurred in 7 (14%) patients with a median survival time of 16.7 months (range from 3 to 50 months). Six patients had recurrence in the abdominal space. The percentage of Ki67 (P = .01) and tumor size (P = .03) were 2 important prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. In terms of survival outcomes, fertility-preserving surgery can be equivalent to radical surgery. Sixteen patients tried to conceive, and 6 patients with advanced-stage succeeded in 10 pregnancies. Of these, 6 patients successfully gave birth to 6 healthy babies.

Conclusions:

The diagnosis of YST of childbearing age is very rare. Because the failure of primary treatment is related to the residual disease after salvage surgery, the fertility and survival results of patients undergoing fertility-preserving surgery are promising.
Effects of psychological nursing care on anxiety and depression in perioperative patients with lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Ren-Ying , Chen Hong , Gao Yue-Juan , Pan Zhi-Han , Wang Jiu-Ying
Published: July 2022

Background:

This study aimed to investigate the effects of psychological nursing care (PNC) on anxiety relief in perioperative lung cancer (LC) patients.

Methods:

We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, CBM, and Wangfang electronic databases from inception to May 1, 2022. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects and safety of PNC on anxiety relief in perioperative LC patients. Anxiety was the primary outcome measure. The secondary outcomes were depression, length of hospital stay, and the occurrence of adverse events.

Results:

Six eligible RCTs with 494 patients were included in this study. Compared with routine nursing care, PNC showed better outcomes in terms of anxiety relief (mean difference [MD] = –13.24; random 95% confidence interval (CI), –18.28 to –8.20; P<.001), depression decrease (MD = –11.84; random 95% CI, –18.67 to –5.01; P < .001), and length of hospital stay (MD = –2.6; fixed 95% CI, –3.13 to –2.07; P < .001). No data on adverse events were pooled because only 1 trial reported this outcome.

Conclusions:

This study showed that PNC may benefit more than routine nursing care for patients with LC in anxiety, depression, and length of hospital stay. High-quality RCTs are needed to validate the current findings in the future.
A fetal case of a large sacrococcygeal teratoma
Authors: Tao Huimin , Wu Jiebin , Zhai Jingfang , Zhang Bei , Pang Libo , Liu Min
Published: July 2022

Rationale:

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT), derived from early embryonic pluripotent stem cells, is one of the most common neoplasms in fetuses. We report a case of a large mass in the fetal sacrococcygeal region detected by ultrasonography at a gestational age of 16+ weeks.

Patient concerns:

A 26-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, was referred to our hospital with a mixed echo protrusion (3.6 × 2.8 × 2.8 cm in the fetal sacrococcygeal region.

Diagnoses:

Ultrasound scan showed that the sacrococcygeal mass had grown to 7.1 × 5.8 cm. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large exophytic mass about 7.7 × 4.5 × 6.5 cm in the perineum of the fetus. Pathological examination revealed malignant SCT.

Interventions:

The patient was closely monitored and followed-up through prenatal examinations to assess the condition of the mother and child.

Outcomes:

The fetus was found dead in utero at 20-week gestation. The pregnant woman then induced labor.

Lessons:

SCT is a common germ cell tumor in fetuses. Attention should be paid to maternal and fetal conditions due to serious complications. Appropriate interventions during pregnancy and timely surgery after delivery are recommended.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Utilization Among Insured Individuals With Common Chronic Conditions
Authors: Kim Yeunkyung , Gordon Aliza , Rowerdink Kathryn , Herrera Scott Laura , Chi Winnie
Published: July 2022

Objective:

The COVID pandemic has had a significant impact on the US health care system. Our primary objective was to understand the impact of the COVID pandemic on non–COVID-related health care utilization among insured individuals with chronic conditions. Our secondary objective was to examine the differential impact by individual characteristics.

Main Data Source:

Medical and pharmacy claims data for individuals enrolled in a large insurer across the United States.

Research Design:

A retrospective and repeated cross-sectional study. Overall and condition-specific health care utilization and cost metrics in (1) March 1 to June 15 and (2) June 16 to September 30, 2020 were compared with the same months during 2016–2019.

Subjects:

Members of all ages with a diagnosis of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or chronic kidney disease with commercial or Medicare Advantage insurance.

Results:

Most non–COVID-related health care utilization decreased drastically on March 1 to June 15, 2020 [odds ratio (OR) range across condition-specific tests: 0.55–0.69; incidence rate ratio (IRR) range for hospitalization/emergency department (ED) visit/outpatient visit: 0.65–0.77] but returned to closer to pre-COVID levels by June 16 to September 30, 2020 [OR range across condition-specific tests: 0.93–1.08; IRR range for hospitalization/ED visit/outpatient visit: 0.77–0.97]. Our study found an enormous increase in telehealth use on March 1 to June 15, 2020 (90–170 times prepandemic levels). A differential impact was observed by age, sex, region of residence, and insurance type.

Implications:

Further investigation is needed to assess the impact of these changes in health care utilization on long-term health outcomes.
Association of Patient and System-Level Factors With Social Determinants of Health Screening
Authors: Savitz Samuel T. , Nyman Mark A. , Kaduk Anne , Loftus Conor , Phelan Sean , Barry Barbara A.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Health systems are increasingly recognizing the importance of collecting social determinants of health (SDoH) data. However, gaps remain in our understanding of facilitators or barriers to collection. To address these gaps, we evaluated a real-world implementation of a SDoH screening tool.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective analysis of the implementation of the SDoH screening tool at Mayo Clinic in 2019. The outcomes are: (1) completion of screening and (2) the modality used (MyChart: filled out on patient portal; WelcomeTablet: filled out by patient on a PC-tablet; EpicCare: data obtained directly by provider and entered in chart). We conducted logistic regression for completion and multinomial logistic regression for modality. The factors of interest included race and ethnicity, use of an interpreter, and whether the visit was for primary care.

Results:

Overall, 58.7% (293,668/499,931) of screenings were completed. Patients using interpreters and racial/ethnic minorities were less likely to complete the screening. Primary care visits were associated with an increase in completion compared with specialty care visits. Patients who used an interpreter, racial and ethnic minorities, and primary care visits were all associated with greater WelcomeTablet and lower MyChart use.

Conclusion:

Patient and system-level factors were associated with completion and modality. The lower completion and greater WelcomeTablet use among patients who use interpreters and racial and ethnic minorities points to the need to improve screening in these groups and that the availability of the WelcomeTablet may have prevented greater differences. The higher completion in primary care visits may mean more outreach is needed for specialists.
RAISE: A Management and Organizational Sustainability Tool for Local Governments to Systematically Self-Evaluate the Effectiveness of Their Programs
Authors: Malik Maheen , Graham Kate , O'Donnell Laura , Nyachae Paul , Sama Denis , Reid Mary Carmen
Published: July 2022

Context:

Many donor-driven public health programs are now seeking evidence for sustainability prior to investment, creating the need for tools to better appraise these capabilities. Assessing the sustainability of programs and interventions at the local level remains a community-wide challenge.

Program:

This article presents a new self-assessment tool, the Reflection and Action to Improve Self-reliance and Effectiveness (RAISE) Tool (“the Tool”), modeled after The Challenge Initiative's (TCI) Sustainability Pillars. It describes the evolution of the Tool, explores its structure and applications, demonstrates its data analysis capabilities, and illustrates how it can be used for continuous program self-assessment by local governments, which TCI considers an indicator of program sustainability at the local level.

Implementation:

Developed in 2019, the Tool has been adapted, adopted, and implemented by 92 local governments across 11 countries. The Challenge Initiative works with these local governments over a minimum of 3 years, providing management and technical coaching on high-impact interventions. Using the Tool, local governments self-assess and evaluate the quality and effectiveness of their activity implementation and identify gaps for improvement. The Tool helps both local governments and TCI track their readiness toward becoming self-reliant and taking ownership of their family planning programs.

Evaluation:

As of June 30, 2021, 39 of the 92 local governments reached the final stage of maturity, self-reliance.

Discussion:

Experts have stated that it can take 15 years for a sustainability assessment tool such as RAISE to be adopted into government policies. After 2 years of using the Tool on a quarterly basis, on average 87.3% of eligible local governments completed the self-assessments, made course corrections, and have taken steps toward program independence. The 39 local governments that successfully progressed to self-reliance continue to use the Tool without TCI's coaching support and have expressed interest in adapting the Tool for other health interventions.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Latent Tuberculosis Coinfection in the United States
Authors: Wong Robert J. , Kaufman Harvey W. , Niles Justin K. , Meyer William A. , Chitnis Amit S.
Published: July 2022

Context:

Underlying chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection increases the risk of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) when receiving tuberculosis therapies. Prevalence of HBV and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) coinfection is not well reported and no studies have evaluated testing patterns for and prevalence of HBV-LTBI coinfection in the United States.

Objective:

To evaluate patterns of HBV and LTBI testing and prevalence of HBV-LTBI coinfection in the United States.

Design:

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:

Quest Diagnostics clinical laboratory data, 2014-2020.

Patients:

Chronic HBV infection was defined as any combination of 2 positive HBV surface antigen, HBV e antigen, or detectable HBV DNA tests at least 6 months apart. LTBI was defined as a positive QuantiFERON-TB or T-SPOT.TB test without evidence of active tuberculosis infection.

Main Outcome Measurements:

Testing patterns for chronic HBV infection and LTBI and prevalence of HBV-LTBI coinfection were evaluated from 2016 through 2020 and stratified by age, sex, and race and ethnicity.

Results:

Among 89 259 patients with chronic HBV infection, 9508 (10.7%) were tested for LTBI, among whom prevalence of HBV-LTBI coinfection was 19.6%, more than twice the observed prevalence of LTBI in patients with no chronic HBV infection in our cohort. Among 394 817 LTBI patients, 127 414 (32.3%) were tested for HBV, among whom prevalence of HBV-LTBI coinfection was 1.5%, approximately 3 times higher than prevalence of HBV infection in patients with no LTBI. The HBV-LTBI coinfection prevalence was highest among Asian Americans and older individuals.

Limitations:

The HBV-LTBI coinfection prevalence was likely underestimated because of suboptimal awareness and testing among at-risk populations.

Conclusion:

Among US individuals with chronic HBV infection or LTBI, prevalence of HBV-LTBI coinfection is substantial and highlights the need of testing for HBV-LTBI coinfection to mitigate risk of DILI associated with tuberculosis medications in patients with chronic HBV infection.
Assessing the Impact of a PrEP Aware Week Campaign on PrEP Prescription Fills in NYS
Authors: Tesoriero James M. , Yuan Yingchao , Newport Rachel , O'Grady Thomas , Cotroneo Richard , Stevens Lyn , Grisham Thomas , Seo Seungjun , Gonzalez Charles
Published: July 2022

Context:

The New York State (NYS) Department of Health AIDS Institute engaged stakeholders across NYS to participate in the state's first “PrEP Aware Week” (PAW). PAW sought to increase the knowledge, interest, and number of PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) prescriptions filled across NYS. PAW activities were designed to be easy to implement, with minimal cost. Stakeholders were provided activities to implement, along with a social media tool kit featuring videos, graphic ads, and sample social media posts in English and Spanish to use as is or modify. PAW included more than 750 distinct events and activities undertaken by more than 250 participating providers.

Objective:

To assess the impact of PAW on PrEP prescription filling patterns in NYS.

Design:

An interrupted time-series analysis was conducted to estimate the impact of PAW on overall and new PrEP prescription filling patterns. Separate models were developed by sex (male, female), race and ethnicity (White non-Hispanic, Black non-Hispanic, Hispanic, other, unknown), and region (New York City, rest of NYS).

Setting:

PAW took place across NYS during the week beginning October 20, 2019.

Participants:

PAW was undertaken by more than 250 health care providers, nonmedical health & human services providers, local and state health department staff, and colleges and universities.

Main Outcome Measures:

The number of overall and new PrEP prescriptions.

Results:

PAW was associated with modest increases (6%-9%) in the number of PrEP prescription fills in NYS. The PAW impact lasted for about 2 months, generated an estimated 2727 additional PrEP prescription fills statewide, and was realized across sex, region, and racial and ethnic subgroups. Increased prescription fills were driven by those previously prescribed PrEP. Increases in new prescriptions were noted among Latinx individuals (21% increase, 55 additional prescriptions) but not overall or across other groups.

Conclusion:

NYS's PAW was effective at increasing PrEP prescription refills in NYS.
Do Patient Engagement IT Functionalities Influence Patient Safety Outcomes? A Study of US Hospitals
Authors: Upadhyay Soumya , Opoku-Agyeman William , Choi Seongwon , Cochran Randyl A.
Published: July 2022

Objective:

Patient engagement using health information technology (IT) functionalities can be a powerful tool in managing their own care for better health outcomes. Therefore, this study explores whether patient engagement IT functionalities and electronic health record (EHR) can affect patient safety outcomes.

Design:

Using longitudinal study design for general acute care hospitals within the United States, we examine the interaction effects of EHR and patient engagement IT functionalities on patient safety outcomes (adverse incident rate) using a generalized estimating equation.

Setting:

Our national sample consisted of 9759 hospital-year observations from 2014 to 2018. Overall, we found a significant association between adverse incident rate and patient engagement level and EHR adoption level.

Results:

On average, as the combined effects of patient engagement level and EHR adoption level increases, the adverse incident rate decreases by approximately 0.49 (P < .01). Incorporating patient engagement functionalities is becoming an essential tool to improve health outcomes and will play an instrumental role in meeting meaningful use standards.

Conclusions:

Our study provides insights into the potential synergy between a hospital's existing EHR maturity and patient engagement health IT functionalities in affecting organizational performance. Organizational culture and capabilities pertinent to adopting patient engagement health IT functionalities infrastructure should be established first to provide the impetus for this synergy.
Examining Factors Associated With Minority Turnover Intention in State and Local Public Health Organizations: The Moderating Role of Race in the Relationship Among Supervisory Support, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention
Authors: Mitchell Ashley K. , Apenteng Bettye A. , Boakye Kwabena G.
Published: July 2022

Context:

There is a need to understand minority governmental public health workforce turnover to ensure the retention of public health minority workers, capitalize on diversity benefits, and enhance public health's capacity to serve diverse populations.

Objective:

This study assesses the moderating effect of minority health workers' race on (1) the relationship between the workforce environment, particularly employees' perceptions of their pay and supervisory support on job satisfaction, and (2) the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intentions.

Design:

Using the 2017 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS), a cross-sectional survey of the public health workforce, a hierarchical logistic regression modeling technique was used to assess the moderating role of race on the relationship between supervisory support, pay and job satisfaction, and turnover intentions.

Setting and Participants:

The PH WINS survey data from state and local health department employees.

Main Outcome Measure:

Job satisfaction, pay, supervisory support, and turnover intention.

Results:

Job satisfaction was found to mediate the relationship between the work environment factors of pay satisfaction and supervisory support and turnover. Our findings also suggest that while race moderates the influence of compensation and supervisory support on job satisfaction, race has no moderating effect on the job satisfaction-turnover intentions relationship.

Conclusions:

A focus on boosting job satisfaction, particularly through pay equity and perceived support, may reduce turnover among minority public health personnel.
Diplopia Related to a Pediatric Cervical Rhabdoid Tumor in 18F-FDG PET
Authors: Jacquet-Francillon Nicolas , Habouzit Vincent , Besson Loris , Bonnefoy Pierre-Benoît , Prevot Nathalie
Published: July 2022

Increased muscle uptake is commonly seen with 18F-FDG PET/CT because of an important physiological muscle glucose metabolism. Muscle uptake can express a recent significant muscle activity. However, the absence of muscle uptake is almost never described or interpreted. We describe the case of an 8-year-old boy with extrarenal rhabdoid tumor in the right carotid space. An MRI and an 18F-FDG PET/CT were performed for the diagnostic workup. There was no uptake in the lateral rectus oculomotor muscle unlike all other oculomotor muscles. The ophthalmological examination found a diplopia confirmed by the Lancaster test.
A Novel Method for Lengthening Iliac Crest Grafts for Mandibular Reconstruction
Authors: Fernández-Olarte Humberto , Gómez-Delgado Andrés , López Juan P. , Orjuela María P.
Published: July 2022

The objective of this article is to propose a technique for mandibular reconstructions of up to 17 cm, in order to obtain anterior iliac crest grafts smaller than those required, and then lengthen them using corticotomies. This technique has been performed in 5 patients with an indication for reconstruction after partial mandibulectomy due to pathology. Reconstruction of the body of the mandible, including the angle in some cases, was performed using nonvascularized anterior iliac crest grafts. These were elongated using corticotomies and fixed to cover the defect using reconstruction plates and screws (2.4 system). The wedge spaces that were formed by lengthening the bone block were grafted with autologous medullary bone and platelet-rich plasma. There was no loss of any of the grafts and there was no need for second surgical times to place more grafts. All cases were able to be rehabilitated with removable prostheses or dental implants. This method optimizes the amount of graft obtained, favors revascularization of the graft, reduces hypoxia times and allows the placement of osteoconductive and/or osteoinductive grafts directly on the exposed medullary areas, with the aim of promoting integration and reducing the resorption rate in large grafts.
Superficial Temporal Recipient Vessels for Craniofacial Microvascular Free-Flaps
Authors: Awwad Lina , Obed Doha , Vogt Peter M. , Kaltenborn Alexander , Koenneker Soeren
Published: July 2022

The selection of recipient vessels for microvascular free-flaps is critical in craniofacial reconstruction. Especially the suitability of the superficial temporal vessels is questioned conflictingly in the literature. The aim of this study was to share our experience with microvascular craniofacial free-flap reconstruction and to evaluate a set of factors that are related to the recipient vessels and to determine how these factors influence flap survival. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 39 free-flaps for craniofacial reconstruction that were performed from 2006 until 2020 and evaluated the indication for microvascular reconstruction, recipient vessels, various factors related to the recipient vessels and complications. The most utilized recipient artery was the facial artery, selected in 20 patients followed by the superficial temporal artery selected in 12 patients. The most commonly used recipient vein was the facial vein used in 16 patients, followed by the superficial temporal vein selected in 10 patients and the external jugular vein in 6 patients. Total flap necrosis occurred in one patient. There was no statistically significant association between the selected recipient vessels and patient comorbidities, major and minor complications, revision of anastomosis or flap loss. The results of our study have demonstrated that the superficial temporal artery and vein show similar results when used for face and scalp reconstruction. Considering their technical and aesthetic advantages they may be the first choice recipient vessels in established free-flap treatment algorithms for craniofacial reconstruction.
One Patient of Blepharoptosis Caused by Levator Palpebrae Superioris Aponeurosis Degeneration
Authors: Tang Shoukai , Hu Yanuan , Wang Yuanbo , Lu Junxu , Yang Biaobing
Published: July 2022

Ptosis is one of the common diseases of plastic surgery, which is caused by various causes of levator palpebrae superioris dysfunction or Müller muscle insufficiency, which is manifested by the upper eyelid margin being lower than normal when level viewed. Ptosis can be divided into congenital and acquired, and the main cause of congenital ptosis is due to congenital levator palpebrae superioris dysplasia or the motor nerve innervation that innervates it is caused by abnormal oculomotor neurodevelopment and dysfunction. Acquired ptosis can be divided into traumatic, neurogenic, myogenic, senile, mechanical, and false ptosis. At present, there are few reports of ptosis due to the degeneration of the aponeurosis of the upper eyelid muscle. We received a case of ptosis caused by degeneration of the levator palpebrae superioris aponeurotic membrane, we use the method of the levator palpebrae superioris high advancement. The levator palpebrae superioris—Miller muscle was folded to form a stable composite structure by the levator palpebrae superioris high advancement. During the operation, the levator palpebrae superioris was separated along the gap, and the surrounding tissues were less damaged. Therefore, postoperative adhesion was less, and the main complications of severe blepharoptosis after the operation, such as upper eyelid hysteresis and incomplete closure, almost did not occur, and after surgery, the results were good.
Right Temporal Lobe Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Campos Danilo F. , Rocca Andrey R. , Caixeta Leonardo F.
Published: July 2022

Frontotemporal dementia corresponds to a heterogenous group of syndromes characterized by progressive changes in behavior and/or language. Approximately 30% of patients with primary progressive aphasia, semantic variant (semantic dementia), present with atrophy in the right cerebral hemisphere, in a rare clinical condition called right temporal variant of frontotemporal dementia (rtvFTD). The objective of the study is to present the main demographic, clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and pathologic characteristics of rtvFTD patients. A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the PubMed, LILACS, and SCIELO databases between January and March 2022. After the evaluation process, 41 articles were selected, published between 1993 and 2021. We found that rtvFTD presents with severe and progressive prosopagnosia (related to anterior temporal lobe injury) associated with behavioral symptoms—desinibition (51%), apathy (39%), obsessive-compulsive symptoms (37%), changes in eating habits (33%), and depression (28%), which is different from semantic dementia. The most common pathologic pattern is TDP-43, type C. This field of knowledge has few studies (mainly reports and case series) and heterogenous nomenclature, which is a limitation. A multinational longitudinal registry of people with rtvFTD, with standardized assessment and description of symptoms, is necessary to elucidate the characteristics of this entity.
In Individuals With Subjective Cognitive Decline, Age, Memory and Speed Scores at Baseline Predict Progression to Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Perron Alexandre , Roussel Martine , Wannepain-Despretz Sandrine , Barbay Mélanie , Devendeville Agnès , Godefroy Olivier , Andriuta Daniela
Published: July 2022

Some patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) progress to neurocognitive disorders (NCD), whereas others remain stable; however, the neuropsychological determinants of this progression have not been identified. Our objective was to examine baseline neuropsychological indicators that could discriminate between stable SCD Versus progression toward an NCD. We retrospectively included patients consulting for SCD at a university medical center’s memory center (Amiens, France) who had undergone 3 or more neuropsychological assessments. Among the 80 patients with SCD, 11 had progressed to an NCD. The combination of age, memory, and speed scores at the baseline assessment predicted the progression of SCD with a sensitivity of 91%, and a negative predictive value of 98%. The present results constitute a first step (pending prospective studies) toward helping physicians to identify cases of SCD at risk of progression and, in particular, identifying patients with SCD who will not progress by examining baseline neuropsychological indicators. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04880252
Wickerhamomyces sinyiensis f.a., sp. nov., a new ascomycetous yeast species in the Wickerhamomyces clade isolated in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Chin-Feng , Hsu I-Min , Liu Chun-Hao , Lee Ching-Fu
Published: July 2022

This study describes Wickerhamomyces sinyiensis, a new anamorphic ascomycetous yeast species, four strains of which were isolated from soil and the fruiting body of a mushroom in Taiwan between 2006 and 2007. Analysis of the sequences of the large-subunit rRNA, small-subunit rRNA and elongation factor-1α identified this species as a member of the Wickerhamomyces clade. The yeast strains of W. sinyiensis exhibited a 0–3 nucleotide difference in the sequences of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit rRNA when compared to one another and a 10 and 11 nucleotide difference when compared to Candida sp. BG99-11-14-10-4-1 and NRRL Y-7574, the closest undescribed species, respectively. The yeast strains differed by 77 and 78 nucleotides from W. orientalis and W. bispora, the close Wickerhamomyces species, respectively. The internal transcribed spacer sequences of the four isolates exhibited a divergence of 106–108 substitutions from the recognized species W. xylosivorus. No sexual reproduction was observed. The strains differed from those of related species in terms of their carbon and nitrogen assimilation patterns. Therefore, this study proposes W. sinyiensis f.a., sp. nov. to accommodate these four strains, with W. sinyiensis BCRC 23185T (isotype CBS 11432T; MycoBank number MB563484) as the holotype.
Effect of COVID-19 vaccine on long-COVID: A 2-year follow-up observational study from hospitals in north India
Authors: Budhiraja Sandeep , Indrayan Abhaya , Mahajan Monica
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Long-COVID syndrome encompasses a constellation of fluctuating, overlapping systemic symptoms after COVID. We know that vaccination reduces the risk of hospitalization and death but not of re-infections. How these vaccines impact long-COVID is under debate. The current study was designed to analyze the patterns of long-COVID amongst vaccinated and unvaccinated hospitalized patients during the three waves in India.

Methods

The computerized medical records of the patients admitted to a group of hospitals in the National Capital Region of Delhi with a nasopharyngeal swab positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, during the three distinct COVID-19 waves, were accessed. Because of large numbers, every 3rd case from the data sheet for the wave-1 and wave-2 but all cases admitted during wave-3 were included because of small numbers (total 6676). The selected patients were telephonically contacted in April 2022 for symptoms and their duration of long-COVID and their vaccination status. Of these, 6056 (90.7%) responded. These were divided into fully vaccinated who received both doses of COVID vaccine at least 14 days before admission (913) and unvaccinated at the time of admission (4616). Others and deaths were excluded. “Symptom-weeks” was calculated as the sum of weeks of symptoms in case of two or more symptoms. The statistical significance was tested, and odds ratio (unadjusted and adjusted) were calculated by logistic regression.

Results

Nearly 90% of COVID-19 patients reported at least one symptom irrespective of their vaccination status. Almost three-fourths of these had symptoms lasting up to a month but nearly 15% reported a duration a least 4 weeks including 11% even exceeding one year. During wave-3, significantly more vaccinated patients reported short term post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 than did the unvaccinated group. The cases with diabetes and hypertension had higher odds of reporting at least one symptom when the effect of vaccination, age, sex, severity, and length of stay was adjusted. The fully vaccinated cases had reduced length of stay in the hospital and had a milder disease. Most common symptoms reported by both the groups were fatigue (17.0%), insomnia (15.1%) and myalgia (15%). There were significant differences in the duration and the type of long-COVID symptoms across the three waves, and the presence of comorbidities between the vaccinated and the unvaccinated groups but overall no difference could be detected. No significant difference was seen between the cases receiving covishield and covaxin.

Conclusions

Nearly 15% reported symptoms of duration exceeding 4 weeks including 11% exceeding one year. There were significant differences in the specific symptoms with some more common in the vaccinated and some others more common in the unvaccinated but overall the vaccination or the type of vaccine did not significantly alter either the incidence or the duration of long COVID.
Evaluating the influence of sleep quality and quantity on glycemic control in adults with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Botella-Serrano Marta , Velasco J. Manuel , Sánchez-Sánchez Almudena , Garnica Oscar , Hidalgo J. Ignacio
Published: July 2022

Background

Sleep quality disturbances are frequent in adults with type 1 diabetes. However, the possible influence of sleep problems on glycemic variability has not been deeply studied in the past. This study aims to assess the impact of sleep quality and sleep quantity on glycemic control.

Materials and Methods

Observational study in 25 adults with type 1 diabetes, simultaneous recording of continuous glucose monitoring (Abbott FreeStyle Libre system) for 14 days, and a sleep study by wrist actigraphy (Fitbit Ionic device). The study analyzes, using artificial intelligence techniques, the relationship between the quality and structure of sleep with time in normo-, hypo-, and hyperglycemia ranges and with glycemic variability. The patients are also studied as a group, comparing patients with good and poor sleep quality. Several cluster analyses and correlational studies are performed

Results

A total of 243 days/nights were analyzed, of which 77% (n=189) were categorized as poor quality and 33% (n=54) as good quality. Linear regression methods find a correlation (r=0.8) between the variability of sleep efficiency and the variability of mean blood glucose. With clustering techniques, patients were grouped according to their sleep structure (characterizing this structure from the number of transitions between the different sleep phases). These clusters show a relationship between time in range and sleep structure.

Conclusions

This study suggests that poor sleep quality is associated with lower time in range and greater glycemic variability, so improving sleep quality in patients with type 1 diabetes could improve their glycemic control.