bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduktion til Det Pragmatiske Hjul
– En ny tilgang til Direktiver
Authors: Durst-Andersen Per
Published: December 2017

It will be argued that, despite their obvious anchoring in verbal communication based on linguistic signs (symbols), Directives, i.e. Requests and Offers, have more in common with gestures which primarily involve indexes and icons. It will be demonstrated that this type of speech act should be interpreted as consisting of three indexical sign types: (1) a symptom that points at the speaker and goes back in time; (2) a signal that points at the hearer and goes forward in time; and (3) a model that points at a situation and is timeless, because it can be used at any time. On this basis, a speech act process model for communicationbased problem solving is created specifically for declarative Directives.
Konstruktionsgrammatik, regler og funktionsbaseret struktur i neurokognitiv belysning
Authors: Boye Kasper , Harder Peter
Published: December 2017

This paper outlines a unified understanding of the grammar-lexicon contrast and its neurocognitive underpinning, which builds on and integrates three recent theories: 1) a functional linguistic theory of the grammar-lexicon contrast; 2) a functional theory of neural structure; 3) a theory of procedural and declarative memory. The proposed model is contrasted with Generative Grammar and in particular with Construction Grammar.
Om så og der som genoptagere for ekstraponerede tid og stedsadverbialer
Authors: Christensen Sune Just
Published: December 2017

The adverbs så and der are both able to represent left dislocated adverbials denoting time. But the Grammatik over det Danske Sprog (GDS) and Ordbog over det Danske Sprog (ODS) both describe how så as opposed to der is not able to represent left dislocated adverbials denoting space. This paper therefore explores in both speech (5,5 hours) and written text (6 million words) the actual distribution of the adverb så and der as representatives for left dislocated adverbials denoting space. The results show that the construction where så represents left dislocated adverbials denoting space is not as infrequent as GDS and ODS prescribes. However alternative analyses of the constructions found in the study may enable a different view at the result.
Sætningsled
Argumenter vs modifikatorer
Authors: Sørensen Finn
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Valens og grammatiske relationer
Authors: Herslund Michael
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Om kategoriseringen af subjekter
Authors: Jakobsen Lisbeth Falster
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Russiske verbalsubstantiver
Authors: Nørgård-Sørensen Jens
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Adverbialer i russisk: skopus- og domæneforskelle
Authors: Durst-Andersen Per
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Referens, denotat, præsupposition, implikatur - og mentale rum
Authors: Jakobsen Lisbeth Falster
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Præpositioner og kasus i russisk
Authors: Durst-Andersen Per
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Mentale rum og diskursreferens
Authors: Jakobsen Lisbeth Falster
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Transitivitet, grounding og russisk og dansk tekststruktur
Authors: Jansen Lotte
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Passiv på italiensk
Authors: Jensen Mette Wigh
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Koncessive/adversative sætningskomplekser i spansk
En grammatisk analyse af konnektorfunktionen
Authors: Pedersen Johan
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Foregrounding, backgrounding og lineært sætningsforløb
Authors: Jakobsen Lisbeth Falster
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Ægtefæller og andre umistelige besiddelser
Authors: Ettrup Solvej
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Konnektorgrammatik
Authors: Nølke Henning
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Cominciare, continuare, finire - selvstændige verber eller hjælpeverber?
Authors: Strudsholm Erling
Published: December 2017

”[Der findes ikke abstract til denne artikel]”
Les données et leurs impacts théoriques et pratiques sur les professionnels de l’information
Authors: Da Sylva Lyne
Published: December 2017

Les données sont présentes dans l’environnement informationnel actuel sous différentes formes : données confidentielles commerciales ou gouvernementales, mégadonnées, données ouvertes des gouvernements, données ouvertes liées (Linked Open Data) du Web sémantique. Comment les professionnels de l’information devraient-ils se préparer pour traiter ces divers types de données ? Nous proposons que cette préparation repose sur trois éléments : une connaissance éclairée des différents types de données en jeu, une initiation aux ressources nécessaires pour traiter chaque type et une compréhension de l’impact qu’aura chacun sur la discipline des sciences de l’information et sur la pratique des professionnels de l’information.
Underrepresentation of women in the senior levels of Brazilian science
Authors: Valentova Jaroslava V. , Otta Emma , Silva Maria Luisa , McElligott Alan G.
Published: December 2017

Despite significant progress, there is still a gender gap in science all over the world, especially at senior levels. Some progressive countries are recognizing the need to address barriers to gender equality in order to retain their best scientists and innovators, and ensure research excellence and social and economic returns on the investment made by taxpayers each year on training women scientists. We investigated the gender distribution of: (i) the productivity scholarship (PS) holders of the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq,N= 13,625), (ii) the members of the Brazilian Academy of Science (Academia Brasileira de Ciências, ABC,N= 899), and (iii) the amount of funding awarded for top quality research (“Universal” Call of CNPq,N= 3,836), between the years of 2013 and 2014. Our findings show evidence for gender imbalances in all the studied indicators of Brazilian science. We found that female scientists were more often represented among PS holders at the lower levels of the research ranking system (2). By contrast, male scientists were more often found at higher levels (1A and 1B) of PS holders, indicating the top scientific achievement, both in “Engineering, Exact Sciences, Earth Sciences”, and “Life Sciences”. This imbalance was not found in Humanities and Social Sciences. Only 14% of the ABC members were women. Humanities and Applied Social Sciences had a relatively low representation of women in the Academy (3.7%) compared to Engineering, Exact and Earth Sciences: 54.9% and Life Sciences: 41.4%. Finally, female scientists obtained significantly more funding at the lower level of the research ranking system (2), whereas male scientists obtained significantly more funding at the higher levels (1A and 1B). Our results show strong evidence of a gender imbalance in Brazilian science. We hope that our findings will be used to stimulate reforms that will result in greater equality in Brazilian science, and elsewhere.
“DE REPENTE, NÃO MAIS QUE DE REPENTE”: O PROCESSO DE INSERÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DOCENTE NO ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO
Authors: Rengel Juliana Testoni dos Santos , Cordeiro Aliciene Fusca Machado
Published: December 2017

O presente trabalho propôs-se a conhecer o processo de inserção profissional docente no Atendimento Educacional Especializado da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Joinville, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com cinco professoras atuantes neste serviço. As análises evidenciaram que a seleção de docentes é realizada principalmente por indicação de equipes diretivas escolares, que por sua vez, parecem basear suas recomendações em um perfil de docente mais relacionado a traços de personalidade do que aspectos da profissão. Entende-se que o modo como o processo de inserção profissional tem sido conduzido pode ter relação direta com a evasão e a baixa disponibilidade dos professores da Rede para atuar neste serviço.
CONCEPÇÕES DE AVALIAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES FORMADORES DE PROFESSORES DE BIOLOGIA: UM ESTUDO NO CONTEXTO DAS PRÁTICAS COMO COMPONENTES CURRICULARES
Authors: Coutinho Anderson Da Silva , Araújo Monica Lopes Folena
Published: December 2017

Este estudo buscou desvelar as concepções de avaliação de professores formadores de professores de biologia que atuam com as Práticas como Componentes Curriculares. Participaram desta investigação cinco docentes que atuam com os referidos componentes em uma instituição de referência no estado de Pernambuco. Utilizamos como instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada ancorada na metodologia interativa a partir do Círculo Hermenêutico-Dialético (CHD). Identificamos potencialidades no que tange ao desenvolvimento de uma avaliação formativa com tendências bem próximas da perspectiva emancipatória, mas também limitações no que se refere à preparação dos licenciandos para o ato de avaliar.
FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA E REPRESENTAÇÕES DE GÊNERO NO ESPAÇO ESCOLAR
Authors: Carvalho Guilherme Paiva
Published: December 2017

O artigo aborda o impacto de programas de formação continuada, com ênfase no uso de tecnologias digitais, nas representações de gênero de professoras da educação básica. Para tanto, a pesquisa adotou uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa por meio do uso de entrevistadas semiestruturadas com professoras da rede pública do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Para análise dos dados, toma-se como referência a teoria das representações sociais e abordagens epistemológicas sobre as relações de gênero. Os resultados da análise mostram que, no espaço escolar, o sistema central das representações sociais de gênero está associado a concepções simbólicas que atribuem papéis diferenciados para meninos e meninas.
A qualitative exploration of chiropractic and physiotherapy teachers' experiences and conceptualizations of the educational environment
Authors: Palmgren Per J. , Liljedahl Matilda , Lindquist Ingrid , Laksov Klara Bolander
Published: December 2017

Objective:

There has been increasing scholarly interest in the role of environments in health care professional education, and the value of these has been widely acknowledged as an influential factor in educational quality. However, little is known about how teachers experience the environment, and there is a recognizable absence of a perspective from chiropractic and physiotherapy faculties. The aim of this study was to explore and contrast chiropractic and physiotherapy teachers' experiences and conceptualizations of the meaning of the educational environment.

Methods:

In this qualitative study, we performed semistructured interviews with 14 teachers, purposefully selected to obtain richness, variation, and breadth in the data. The data were analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis.

Results:

The most noteworthy findings were, first, that chiropractic teachers experienced the meaning of the environment as motivating a vocational practice and modeling ideal, supporting and managing stressed students, and including students in the community of chiropractors. Physiotherapy teachers experienced the meaning of the environment as putting the pedagogical vision into practice, balancing students' expectations, and providing the prerequisites to grow within the profession. Second, both groups of teachers held common conceptualizations of the constituents of the environment as physical, organizational, relational, communicational, and pedagogical; however, they attached different connotations to these dimensions.

Conclusion:

The findings conveyed a variance in the experience of the meaning of the educational environment that can be attributed to contextual and cultural differences.
Prevalence and Patient Characteristics of Pachyonychia Congenita
Authors: Andersen Sara Rønde , Herlin Laura Krogh , Schmidt Sigrun A. J. , Sommerlund Mette
Published: October 2024

This cross-sectional study estimates the prevalence of genetically confirmed cases of pachyonychia congenita in Denmark.
Monilethrix
Authors: Piccolo Vincenzo , Argenziano Giuseppe
Published: October 2024

This case report describes sparse, unruly, fragile, and easily breakable hair, with patchy alopecia with diffuse follicular papules throughout the scalp as well as short hair with an alternation of darker elliptical nodes, with paler nonmedullated paler internodes giving a necklace appearance.
State Minimum Wage and Mental Health Among Children and Adolescents
Authors: Kavanagh Nolan M. , McConnell Margaret , Slopen Natalie
Published: October 2024

Importance

Mental health disorders are increasing for children and adolescents in the US, with those in poverty having especially high rates. More evidence is needed about the association between economic policies, such as the minimum wage, and children’s mental health.

Objective

To test the association between minimum wages and the mental health of children and adolescents.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This repeated cross-sectional, population-based US study used data from 2001 to 2022. Participants included state-representative, stratified random samples of children from the National Survey of Children’s Health and adolescents from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Data analysis was performed from January 2023 to August 2024.

Exposure

State minimum wage policies.

Main Outcomes and Measures

A total of 15 outcomes reported by caregivers or adolescents from survey data were evaluated: depression, anxiety, attention deficit disorder and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, behavior disorders, mood symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, considered and attempted suicide, any unmet health care and mental health care, alcohol and marijuana use, physical fights, school absenteeism, and paid employment. The associations between minimum wage policies and mental health were tested using 2-way fixed-effects models, lifetime minimum wage models, and difference-in-differences models with event studies, all with state, year, and birth cohort fixed effects. Additional controls included individual-level demographics and state-level health insurance and welfare policies.

Results

Analyses included 239 534 children (aged 3-17 years; 117 111 girls [48.9%]) from the 2016 to 2022 National Survey of Children’s Health, and 1 453 043 adolescents (aged 12-18 years; 711 380 girls [49.0%]) from the 2001 to 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Across diverse modeling approaches, increases in minimum wages were not associated with clear, consistent improvements in mental health. For example, in 2-way fixed-effects models, a $1 increase in the minimum wage was not associated with changes in rates of depression (0.06 percentage points [pp]; 95% CI, –0.11 to 0.23 pp; P = .48), unmet mental health care (0.13 pp; 95% CI, –0.04 to 0.30 pp; P = .14), or attempted suicide (–0.17 pp; 95% CI, –0.47 to 0.13 pp; P = .26). There also were no clear improvements when stratifying by household income, parental education, race and ethnicity, nativity, or urbanicity.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this repeated cross-sectional study, changes in minimum wage policies over the past 2 decades were not accompanied by clear improvements in children’s and adolescents’ mental health. More evidence is needed on policy approaches to improve the mental well-being of children, particularly those from economically disadvantaged families.
3D‐Printing of Highly Piezoelectric Barium Titanate Polymer Nanocomposites with Surface‐Modified Nanoparticles at Low Loadings
Authors: Maturi Mirko , Migliorini Lorenzo , Villa Sara Moon , Santaniello Tommaso , Fernandez‐Delgado Natalia , Molina Sergio Ignacio , Milani Paolo , Sanz de León Alberto , Franchini Mauro Comes
Published: October 2024

This work describes the development and characterization of tetragonal barium titanate nanoparticles (BTO NPs) and their surface functionalization with dopamine dodecylamine (DDA), a lipophilic organic ligand. The so‐obtained lipophilic NPs (BTO‐DDA) are then formulated at low loadings (< 5 wt.%) into liquid photocurable resins for vat photopolymerization (VP) and 3D printed into solid objects. The printed composites are mechanically characterized in order to assess the effect of the nanomaterial on the mechanical properties of the 3D printed polymer, revealing no significant variations in the mechanical properties (tensile or flexural) of the nanocomposites compared to the original polymer matrix. In light of these results, the printed nanocomposites are studied in terms of their capacity to generate a separation of charge by the piezoelectric effect, typical of the BTO crystal structure. This study reveals that BTO‐loaded nanocomposites display outstanding piezoelectric coefficients as high as 50 pC/N when BTO‐DDA is formulated at 3.0 wt.%, only slightly less than one‐third of the piezoelectric coefficient previously reported for bulk BTO, while preserving the mechanical properties of the polymer matrix.
Designing LiDAR‐Detectable Dark‐Tone Materials with High Near‐Infrared Reflectivity for Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Otgonbayar Zambaga , Kim Jiwon , Sa Minki , Lee Hwa Sung , Noh Jungchul , Yoon Chang‐Min
Published: October 2024

Autonomous driving relies on the precise recognition of objects using light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology, that operates at a specific wavelength of 905 nm. Black objects, such as carbon black used in vehicle coating, tend to absorb this specific wavelength significantly, which limits the performance of LiDAR sensors. To address this issue, researchers have explored creating dark‐toned materials that can be detected by LiDAR with high NIR reflectivity while maintaining a true blackness (L* < 20 based on the CIE color coordinates). These materials fall into two categories: organic and inorganic pigments. Organic pigments can be synthetically adjusted to achieve true blackness by manipulating their functional groups, but achieving high NIR reflectivity remains challenging, often requiring a bilayer structure with NIR‐reflective white base and an upper layer of organic black pigments. Additionally, the need for hydrophobic additives and resistance to degradation from sunlight further restricts their use. In the case of inorganic pigments, the desired LiDAR‐detectable properties can be obtained through careful control of their composition, structure, and morphology, allowing for single‐layer coatings with appropriate design. This review highlights recent advancements in developing organic and inorganic LiDAR‐detectable black pigments and outlines future material design strategies for autonomous vehicle systems.
Regulation of the Built‐In Electric Fields of MIL‐125(Ti)@Ti‐Ce‐MOF Yolk‐Shell Z‐Scheme Heterojunctions via Ligand Defects Toward Optimized Photocatalytic Performances
Authors: Hu Tingting , Feng Panpan , Chu Hongqi , Wang Xuepeng , Liu Fusheng , Zhou Wei
Published: October 2024

The controllable formation of a built‐in electric field (IEF) can effectively separate photogenerated electrons and holes and optimize the band structure of a material, thus improving its photocatalytic performance. Here, a novel type of defective metal‐organic framework (MOF), i.e., an MIL‐125(Ti)@Ti‐Ce‐MOF yolk‐shell Z‐scheme heterojunction, is synthesized using a simple ion‐etching‐coupled reconstruction method. By controlling the concentration of ligand defects within the MOF heterojunction, the strength of the IEF within the heterojunction can be effectively regulated. Moreover, the experimental and theoretical results demonstrated that ligand defects within the Z‐scheme heterojunction structure can enhance the efficiency of photogenerated carrier separation and improve the transport capacity by regulating the IEF. The photocatalytic tetracycline (TC) degradation performance of the resultant MIL‐125(Ti)@Ti‐Ce‐MOF yolk‐shell heterojunction is ≈52.5‐ and 5.5‐fold higher than those of Ti‐Ce‐MOF and MIL‐125(Ti), respectively, indicating the efficient spatial charge separation due to the enhanced IEF. This study reveals the precise control of the IEF over the MIL‐125(Ti)@Ti‐Ce‐MOF yolk‐shell Z‐scheme heterojunction, elucidating the relationship between the IEF and ligand defect concentration and promoting the photocatalytic performances of MOF@MOF‐based catalysts via density functional theory and related experiments.
A Multiple Targeting Genome Editing System for Remodulation of Circulating Malignant Cells to Eliminate Cancer Immunosuppression and Restore Immune Responses
Authors: Ren Xiao‐He , Guo Tao , Xu Ma‐Fei , Huang Yun , Liao Xin‐Ru , Qi Li‐Jin , Cheng Si‐Xue
Published: October 2024

Cancer immunotherapy, which aims to eliminate cancer immunosuppression and reactivate anticancer immunity, holds great promise in oncology treatments. However, it is challenging to accurately study the efficacy of immunotherapy based on human‐derived cells through animal experiments due to xenogeneic immune rejection. Herein, a personalized and precise strategy to evaluate the effectiveness of immunotherapy using the blood samples of cancer patients is presented. Through the utilization of multiple cancer‐targeting delivery system decorated with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐specific aptamer CL4 and the AXL‐specific aptamer GL21.T to achieve superior efficiency in delivering the genome editing plasmid for MUC1 knockout, effective modulation on the behavior of circulating malignant cells (CMCs) is realized. After genome editing, both mucin 1 (MUC1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) are significantly downregulated in CMCs. The elimination of immunosuppression results in markedly enhanced secretion of pro‐inflammatory anticancer cytokines encompassing interleukins 2, 12, and 15 and interferon‐γ by immune cells. The study not only provides a strategy to overcome immunosuppression but also yields critical insights for personalized immunotherapy approaches.
Evolution of Nitrogen‐Coordinated Metal Single Atoms Toward Single‐Atom Alloys on MgH₂ as Efficient and Stable Hydrogen Spillover Catalysts
Authors: Pang Yao , Wan Xin , Li Yongcheng , Song Mengchen , Liu Xiaofang , Shang Jiaxiang , Zheng Lirong , Shui Jianglan
Published: October 2024

M–N–C catalysts with nitrogen‐coordinated metal single‐atom active sites have demonstrated high activity for hydrogen storage materials, but their stability in this application remains uncertain. This study addresses this issue by using nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) molecules on MgH₂ particles as a model system. It is found that the N‐coordinated high‐valence Ni single atoms in the NiN₄ active site are unstable in the reducing environment of hydrogen storage, spontaneously evolving into zero‐valence Ni, forming a Ni₁‐Mg single‐atom alloy (SAA). The Ni₁‐Mg SAA exhibits remarkable stability in catalyzing Mg hydrogen storage reactions. Furthermore, it demonstrates comprehensive catalytic activity for each step of hydrogen absorption and desorption from Mg, surpassing the efficiency of the NiN₄ active site, especially in the critical steps of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation. Overall, the catalytic performance of Ni₁‐Mg SAA is superior to most known nickel‐based catalysts. This evolutionary process is also observed in FePc, CoPc, and tetraphenylporphyrin nickel (Ni‐TPP), suggesting that this reducing transformation is a universal phenomenon for MN₄‐type active sites in hydrogen storage catalysis.
Borane‐Catalyzed Selective Transformation of Levulinic Acid and Hydrazines into Hexahydropyridazines and Tetrahydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones Using Hydrosilane
Authors: Luo Zhenli , Yang Jianbo , Yang Ji , Yao Zhen , He Zhenni , Liu Kai , Xu Lijin , Shi Qian
Published: October 2024

Borane‐catalyzed one‐pot tandem cyclization/hydrosilylation of levulinic acid and other γ‐keto acids with hydrazines for selective access to hexahydropyridazines and tetrahydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones has been developed. The combination of B(C6F5)3 and Et3SiH allows for synthesis of various hexahydropyridazines and tetrahydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones in 67–97% yields with tolerance towards various functional groups and easy scale‐up. This reaction can be rendered enantioselective by using a chiral borane catalyst generated in situ from HB(C6F5)2 and a binaphthyl‐based chiral diene and PhMe2SiH, affording the target products in 70–92% yields with up to >99% ee. The judicious choice of borane catalyst and hydrosilane reductant proves to be critical for catalysis. Mechanistic investigations elucidate the catalytic pathway.
Science and Engineering of Superaerophobic Surfaces for Electrochemical Gas—Evolving Reactions: A Review of Recent Advances and Perspective
Authors: Abedi Rokhsareh , Barati Darband Ghasem
Published: October 2024

In energy conversion processes and various industries, gas evolution reactions (GERs) play an important role. To achieve a future without fossil fuels, the development of high‐efficiency electrocatalysts is necessary, as they directly affect the catalytic performance and overall efficiency of reactions. In addition to the discovery of highly active catalysts, the rapid removal of gaseous products on the electrode surface is equally important for GERs. The adherence of bubbles to the electrode surface introduces substantial resistance, significantly diminishing the system's efficiency. One promising solution to reduce the adhesion of bubbles is the development of electrocatalysts with superaerophobic levels. These surface structures, such as nanotubes, nanosheets, and nanowires, prevent gas bubbles from adhering and promote their rapid removal from the electrode. The aim of this review is first to obtain a deep understanding of mechanisms related to the creation of superaerophobic surfaces, including their characteristics, methods of creation, and bubble detachment behavior. Furthermore, recent advances in the application of these surfaces in various gas‐evolving reactions to enhance electrocatalytic properties are discussed. By taking this innovative approach, valuable insights can be gained into advancing the field of electrocatalysis and driving progress toward sustainable energy solutions.
RBBP6‐Mediated ERRα Degradation Contributes to Mitochondrial Injury in Renal Tubular Cells in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Hu Hongtu , Hu Jijia , Chen Zhaowei , Yang Keju , Zhu Zijing , Hao Yiqun , Zhang Zongwei , Li Weiwei , Peng Zhuan , Cao Yun , Sun Xiaoling , Zhang Fangcheng , Chi Qingjia , Ding Guohua , Liang Wei
Published: October 2024

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD), a major precursor to end‐stage renal disease, involves mitochondrial dysfunction in proximal renal tubular cells (PTCs), contributing to its pathogenesis. Estrogen‐related receptor α (ERRα) is essential for mitochondrial integrity in PTCs, yet its regulation in DKD is poorly understood. This study investigates ERRα expression and its regulatory mechanisms in DKD, assessing its therapeutic potential. Using genetic, biochemical, and cellular approaches, ERRα expression Was examined in human DKD specimens and DKD mouse models. We identified the E3 ubiquitin ligase retinoblastoma binding protein 6 (RBBP6) as a regulator of ERRα, promoting its degradation through K48‐linked polyubiquitination at the K100 residue. This degradation pathway significantly contributed to mitochondrial injury in PTCs of DKD models. Notably, conditional ERRα overexpression or RBBP6 inhibition markedly reduced mitochondrial damage in diabetic mice, highlighting ERRα’s protective role in maintaining mitochondrial integrity. The interaction between RBBP6 and ERRα opens new therapeutic avenues, suggesting that modulating RBBP6‐ERRα interactions could be a strategy for preserving mitochondrial function and slowing DKD progression.
Facet Engineering of Cobalt Manganese Oxide for Highly Stable Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lee Chi Wing , Cazorla Claudio , Zhou Shujie , Zhang Ding , Xu Hanyu , Zhong Wenyu , Zhang Ming , Chu Dewei , Han Zhaojun , Amal Rose
Published: October 2024

Developing cost‐effective, robust, and durable catalysts for water oxidation in acidic conditions remains a significant challenge for the practical application of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers. Cobalt‐based spinel catalysts, known for their effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity in acidic environments, are promising alternatives to the costly iridium‐based catalysts. However, their application is often limited by poor stability under corrosive acidic conditions and oxidative potential. Here it is demonstrated that doping Co2MnO4 with Ni effectively regulates the structural and electronic properties of the catalysts, enabling stable operation for over 285 h at 100 mA cm−2 in 0.5 m H2SO4. This stability enhancement is primarily due to the increased exposure of the (400) facet, a result supported by theoretical studies. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) performance of Ni(5%)Co2MnO4 further demonstrates its potential, achieving 1 A cm−2 at a cell voltage of 2.3 V, with minimal degradation over 100 h at 500 mA cm−2. This study not only provides insights into the design of advanced OER catalysts through the doping of heteroatoms but also offers a pathway to enhance the sustainability and economic viability of acidic OER applications.
Tandem Synthesis of Piriqualone and Analogues Using Deep Eutectic Solvents: Photophysical and Theoretical Insights
Authors: Mohideen Mohamed Haneef Mohamed , Nawaz Khan Fazlurrahman
Published: October 2024

This study presents a sustainable chemical approach for the tandem synthesis of Piriqualone a sedative and anxiolytic drug and its analogues using a green protocol. The research investigates the ability of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to act as catalysts as well as solvent in a tandem reaction involving transition metal‐free dehydrogenation and sp3 C−H bond functionalization, leading to the formation of styryl‐heterocyclic compounds (7a–p). These styryl derivatives were thoroughly characterized through spectral analysis and photophysical property evaluation. The relationship between chemical structure and AIE properties was particularly examined for compound 7n. Additionally, the experimental findings were corroborated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The structures of compounds 7j, 7p and 7fa were further validated through single crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
Effectiveness of psychological therapies for depression and anxiety in atypical dementia
Authors: El Baou Celine , Saunders Rob , Buckman Joshua E. J. , Richards Marcus , Cooper Claudia , Marchant Natalie L. , Desai Roopal , Bell Georgia , Fearn Caroline , Pilling Stephen , Zimmermann Nikki , Mansfield Val , Crutch Sebastian , Brotherhood Emilie , John Amber , Stott Joshua
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION

People with dementia may benefit from psychological therapies for depression or anxiety, but evidence of their effectiveness in atypical dementia is limited.

METHODS

Using electronic health‐care records of > 2 million people who attended psychological therapy services in England between 2012 and 2019, we examined pre–post therapy symptom changes and compared therapy outcomes among 523 people with atypical dementia, a matched cohort without dementia, and 1157 people with typical dementia.

RESULTS

People with atypical dementia experienced reductions in depression (Cohen d = −0.92 [−1.05 to −0.79]) and anxiety (d = −0.85 [−0.98 to −0.73]) symptoms. They had similar odds of improvement than people with typical dementia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85 to 1.34), but lower odds than people living without dementia (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.91). Reasons for discharge were similar between all groups.

DISCUSSION

People with atypical dementia may benefit from primary care psychological therapies, but further research is needed to explore necessary adaptations.

Highlights

Talking therapies for depression and anxiety may be beneficial for people with atypical dementia.

Being younger and having a lower socioeconomic background are associated with poorer outcomes.

Receiving more treatment sessions and shorter waiting times are associated with better outcomes.
A comparative study of the established methods and evaluation of rat trauma models
Authors: Sun Zhenmin , Sun Jia , Su Gang , Wang Ruohan , Zhai Zhaohui , Yu Feng , Li Yuli
Published: October 2024

Background

Scientific animal models are indispensable for studying trauma repair. This work aimed at establishing a more scientific rat trauma model by studying different rat trauma models caused by different trauma numbers, locations, and trauma attachment tension unloaders and rat age.

Methods

A four‐trauma self‐upper, lower, left and right control model; a two‐trauma self‐trauma bare and ring control model; and a young and old rat trauma model were created to evaluate the condition of these traumas.

Results

In the four‐trauma self‐control model, the healing status of the upper proximal cephalic trauma was better than that of the lower proximal caudal trauma, whereas there was no significant difference between the left and right trauma. The healing rate and postwound condition of the trauma with a ring control in the two‐trauma model were better than those of the bare side. The healing speed of the old rats was slower, and the amount of extracellular matrix in the subcutaneous tissue after healing was significantly lower than that of the young rats.

Conclusion

The double trauma with a ring is a more scientific and reasonable experimental model. There is a significant difference between young and old rats in the wound healing process. Therefore, the appropriate age of the rats should be selected according to the main age range of the patients with similar conditions in the clinical setting being mimicked.
Near‐Infinite‐Chain Polymers with Ge=Ge Double Bonds
Authors: Thömmes Anna‐Lena , Büttner Thomas , Morgenstern Bernd , Janka Oliver , Kickelbick Guido , Niebuur Bart‐Jan , Kraus Tobias , Gallei Markus , Scheschkewitz David
Published: October 2024

Despite considerable interest in heteroatom‐containing conjugated polymers, there are only few examples with heavier p‐block elements in the conjugation path. The recently reported heavier acyclic diene metathesis (HADMET) allowed for the synthesis of a polymer containing Ge=Ge double bonds—albeit insoluble and with limited degree of polymerization. By incorporation of long alkyl chains, we now obtained soluble representatives, which exhibit degrees of polymerization near infinity according to diffusion‐ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). UV/Vis and NMR data confirm the presence of σ,π‐conjugation across the silylene‐phenylene linkers between the Ge=Ge double bonds. Favorable intermolecular dispersion interactions lead to ladder‐like cylindrical assemblies as confirmed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and DLS. AFM and TEM images of deposited thin films reveal lamellar ordering of extended polymer bundles.
Just Add Water and Stir: An Artificial Suburban Lake Develops Into an Important Moulting Site for Large‐Bodied Herbivorous Wildfowl
Authors: Clausen Kevin Kuhlmann , Grøn Per Nissen , Larsen Henning Lykke , Clausen Preben , Fox Anthony David
Published: October 2024

Egø Engsø is an artificial Danish suburban lake created in 2006, primarily for nutrient retention and flood control. Expanding submerged macrophyte cover (dominated by Stoneworts Chara spp. and Pondweeds Potamogeton spp.) attracted moulting concentrations of 600 mute swans Cygnus olor, 1100 greylag geese Anser anser and 280 Canada geese Branta canadensis. These unexpected additions to the avifauna benefit from reliable food supplies and effective protection from recreational disturbance on and near the water surface. Egø Engsø is a model of enabling intense human activity at a waterbird moulting site, and confirming appropriate planning can accommodate multiple functional objectives following wetland creation.
New ABL1 Kinase Domain Mutations in BCR::ABL1‐Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Li Zixuan , Peng Danyue , Deng Jun , Xiong Lv , Yin Ping , Hu Jing , Qian Chenjing , Yao Lan , Yin Hua , Hong Mei , Wu Qiuling
Published: October 2024

Background

Since the development of the first‐generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI), it has played a crucial role in the treatment of BCR::ABL1‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, ABL1 kinase domain (ABL1 KD) mutations confer resistance to several TKIs. These mutations have been extensively studied in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) but less so in BCR::ABL1‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods

Our study aimed to analyze the the ABL1 KD mutations in 97 consecutive newly‐diagnosed adults with BCR::ABL1‐positive ALL before therapy, in cytogenetic complete remission and at relapse with next generation sequencing (NGS). The relationship between ABL1 KD mutations and TKI selection was also analyzed.

Results

Previously unreported ABL1 KD mutations R239G, F401V/L, R516L and K262T were the most prevalent in pre‐therapy and cytogenetic remission samples, whereas T315I/P and P‐loop mutations were most prevalent in relapse samples. R239G, F401V/L, R516L and K262T are related to the BCR::ABL1 structure, whereas T315I/P and P‐loop mutations directly alter kinase activity. BaF3 cells transfected with ABL1 KD F401V, K262T, R239G, or R516L mutations were resistant to imatinib but strongly inhibited by olverembatinib with IC50 values of 0.73 to 1.52nM. Meanwhile, olverembatinib had advantages in increasing complete molecular response (CMR) and good prognosis.

Conclusion

Overall, our findings indicate the prevalence and impact of new ABL1 KD mutations in BCR::ABL1‐positive ALL patients, highlighting the necessity for effective therapies targetingthese mutations.
Coupling Conversion of CO2 and High‐Carbon Alkane to CO and Gasoline
Authors: Tao Shenghui , Liu Shimin , Zhang Liping , Li Teng , Qiu Bowen , Li Guomin , Shi Feng , Cui Xinjiang
Published: October 2024

Catalytic conversion of CO2 to valuable products is a promising way to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emission. Herein, a strategy for coupling conversion of CO2 and high‐carbon alkane to CO and gasoline is developed, which is a feasible choice for the combination of CO2 recycling and petroleum refining. The CO2 conversion reaches 2.6% under mild condition (270 °C), and the selectivity of gasoline in the cracking products exceeds 70 wt%. Additionally, the introduction of CO2 improves the selectivity of aromatic hydrocarbons and increases the octane number of gasoline. Mechanism studies indicate that synergistic effect between Brønsted acid centers and Ni sites on the Beta zeolite supported Ni (20 wt%) catalyst (20Ni/β) plays the key role in alkane cracking and CO2 reduction. Notably, 13CO2 isotopic experiments show that the hydrogen produced during the aromatization can be captured by CO2, inhibiting undesired hydrogen transfer pathways and enhanced the yield of aromatics, while CO2 is converted into valuable CO.
Transition Metal (Co, Ni, Fe) Selenides by Selenization of Gallic Acid based MOFs used as Na‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Aydin Meral , Devic Thomas , Şems Ahsen Ali , Gautier Nicolas , Demir‐Cakan Rezan
Published: October 2024

Sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs) are gaining momentum, thanks to the increasing demand for energy storage devices and the abundant reserves and low sodium cost. Transition metals are well‐established materials due to their high conductivity and electrochemical activity. In this work, metal selenides (MSex) (M: Ni, Co, Fe) are obtained by facile selenization in a single step of transition gallic acid based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) under Ar flow at 600 °C. As the powders undergo selenization, the resulting MSex particles are encapsulated within the amorphous carbon network formed by the decomposition of the gallate ligand. The microstructures are examined by HR‐TEM analyses and the characteristic interplanar spacing of each transition metal selenide is measured and found to coincide with the XRD pattern. Meanwhile, the specific surface areas were measured as 121, 152, and 155 m2/g for CoSe2, NiSe and FeSe, respectively. The resulting NiSe/C, CoSe2/C and FeSe/C nanomaterials are tested as NIB negative electrodes and are shown to have a capacity of 315, 312, and 363 mAh/g, respectively, after 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA/g while Na‐ion diffusion coefficients (DNa+) are calculated in the range of 10−10–10−7 cm2/s by galvanostatic intermittent titration (GITT) technique.
Theoretical and Experimental Insights into Dendrite Growth in Lithium‐Metal Electrode
Authors: Choobar Behnam Ghalami , Hamed Hamid , Yari Saeed , Safari Mohammadhosein
Published: October 2024

A stable lithium‐metal electrode can enable the shift from the Li‐ion batteries to the next generation chemistries such as Li−S and Li−O2 with significant gains in the energy density and sustainability. This transition, however, is hindered by the dendrite formation, high chemical reactivity, and volume changes of the Li electrode. Although recent advancements in computational and experimental research have deepened our understanding of these issues, the primary obstacles to the commercialization of the lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs) still persist. To address these challenges, a synergistic approach that combines computational and experimental strategies shows great promise. In this regard, this paper reviews the current experimental and theoretical understanding of the lithium‐metal electrodes in view of the initiation and growth mechanisms of the lithium dendrites and interface instability. Leveraging the strengths of both approaches can offer a holistic insight into the LMB performance and guide the development of innovative designs for electrolytes and electrodes that can enhance the stability and performance of the LMBs.
Interface and doping engineering of V2C‐MXene‐based electrocatalysts for enhanced electrocatalysis of overall water splitting
Authors: Wu Yousen , Li Jinlong , Sui Guozhe , Chai Dong‐Feng , Li Yue , Guo Dongxuan , Chu Dawei , Liang Kun
Published: October 2024

The restacking and oxidizable nature of vanadium‐based carbon/nitride (V2C‐MXene) poses a significant challenge. Herein, tellurium (Te)‐doped V2C/V2O3 electrocatalyst is constructed via mild H2O2 oxidation and calcination treatments. Especially, this work rationally exploits the inherent easy oxidation characteristic associated with MXene to alter the interfacial information, thereby obtaining stable self‐generated vanadium‐based heterointerfaces. Meanwhile, the microetching effect of H2O2 creates numerous pores to address the restacking issues. Besides, Te element doping settles the issue of awkward levels of absorption/desorption ability of intermediates. The electrocatalyst obtains an unparalleled hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction with the overpotential of 83.5 and 279.8 mV at −10 and 10 mA cm−2, respectively. In addition, the overall water‐splitting device demonstrates a low cell voltage of 1.41 V to obtain 10 mA cm−2. Overall, the inherent drawbacks of MXene can be turned into benefits based on the planning strategy to create these electrocatalysts with desirable reaction kinetics.
Carboxyl‐Group‐Bearing Metal Corroles of Cobalt, Manganese and Copper for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Chen Feng , Wu Ling‐Wei , Liu Zhen‐Wu , Yan Qiao‐Wei , Si Li‐Ping , Zhan Shu‐Zhong , Liu Hai‐Yang
Published: October 2024

5,15‐bis(perfluorophenyl)‐10‐(4‐carboxyphenyl) corrole and its Co(III), Mn(III), and Cu(III) corrole complexes were synthesized. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of these metal corrole complexes was investigated using different proton sources (AcOH, trifluoroacetic acid, and TsOH) in an organic dimethylformamide solvent. The electrocatalytic HER may proceed through EECC, EECEC, or EEECEC pathways (where E represents electron transfer and C represents proton binding) depending on the acidity and concentration of the proton source used. The Co corrole complex exhibits remarkable hydrogen production performance, achieving a turnover frequency of 201 s−1 and a catalytic efficiency of 1.00. The examined metal corrole complexes also exhibit good HER activity in aqueous solution, with their catalytic activity following an order of 1‐Co>1‐Cu>1‐Mn in both organic and aqueous phases.
Electricity‐Driven Strain‐Release Cascade Cyclization of Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane (BCB): Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Spirocyclobutyl Oxindoles
Authors: Maity Rajib , Paul Sudipta , Sen Anupam , Garain Sukla , Maji Biplab
Published: October 2024

Spirocyclobutyl oxindoles, characterized by their unique three‐dimensional structures, are valuable building blocks for many pharmacophores and drug units. However, stereoselective synthetic strategies for these scaffolds remain underdeveloped, with most existing methods relying on transition metal catalysts and stoichiometric redox reagents. In this work, we introduce an electrochemical strain‐release driven cascade spirocyclization of bicyclo[1.1.0]butane (BCB) derivatives for the stereoselective synthesis of functionalized spirocyclobutyl oxindoles. Tetrabutylammonium bromide serves a dual purpose as both a supporting electrolyte and brominating agent. The method offers a broad substrate scope, high atom economy, and excellent diastereoselectivity. The stereoselectivity of the product is controlled by minimizing the dipolar repulsion between the amide C=O and the C−Br bonds. We also explored the methodology′s versatility by applying it to various functionalizations and demonstrated its scalability for practical use. The efficient derivatization of the products allowed for the rapid creation of a diverse library of functionalized spirocyclobutyl oxindoles.
Optimized beamforming vector and antenna selection using autoencoder with Bayesian RNN and hybrid heuristic algorithm for MIMO systems
Authors: Thirupathi Sivakumar , Ranganathan Kavitha Krishnasamy
Published: October 2024

Wireless communication systems depend on channel state information (CSI). However, the CSI collection is a significant barrier to achieving high performance. Present wireless communication models mainly rely on many antennas and related signal dispensation for increasing effectiveness. User mobility, the usage of greater frequencies, and a better number of antennas contribute to beamforming and beam management in these networks. Therefore, an improved hybrid heuristic algorithm is proposed here for providing optimized Joint beam forming and antenna selection (JBAS) in a multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) model. The major novelty of the research work is to jointly perform the beam forming and antenna selection in MIMO that effectively enhanced the performance of the wireless transmission system. The major intention of this paper is to optimize the beamforming vectors and antennae by using the designed algorithm, where the spectral efficiency gets maximized. Initially, the data is collected by varying the number of users, locations, and sampling points, which is optimally selected by developing the hybrid reptile search‐based lion optimization algorithm (HRS‐LOA). Once it is collected, the relevant CSI is considered. This state of information is fed as input to the Auto Encoder with Bayesian Recurrent Neural Network (AE‐BRNN). Finally, through the network, the optimized value of the beamforming vector and antenna is obtained, which is useful to increase the sum rate/spectral efficiency. From the numerical results, the recommended model attained a spectral efficiency of 30 bits/s/Hz, which is higher than the BWO‐AE‐BRNN with 13%, RSO‐AE‐BRNN with 16%, RSA‐AE‐BRNN with 17%, and LA‐AE‐BRNN with 40% respectively.