bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les blessures au temps de la COVID-19
Authors: Keays Glenn , Freeman Debbie , Gagnon Isabelle
Published: September 2020

Introduction

Des recherches ont mis en évidence une diminution du nombre de visites à l’urgence par des enfants pendant la pandémie de SRAS en 2003. Nous avons fait enquête afin de déterminer s’il en avait été de même pour les visites à l’urgence en raison de blessures pendant la pandémie de COVID-19.

Méthodes

Nous avons examiné les données du Système canadien hospitalier d’information et de recherche en prévention des traumatismes (SCHIRPT) afin d’obtenir de l’information sur les visites liées à des blessures au service des urgences de l’Hôpital de Montréal pour enfants, un centre de traumatologie pédiatrique désigné par la province, au cours des 28 dernières années. Nous avons comparé les données correspondant à une période de deux mois pendant le confinement en raison de la COVID-19 (du 16 mars au 15 mai) avec celles de la même période pour les années précédentes (de 1993 à 2019), afin de déterminer si la diminution du nombre de visites à l’urgence en 2020 était sans précédent (c.-à-d. qu’aucune diminution semblable ne s’était jamais produite). Différents facteurs ont été inclus dans cette comparaison, soit les groupes d’âge, la nature des blessures, les mécanismes de blessure et la gravité.

Résultats

La diminution observée en 2020 était sans précédent pour tous les groupes d’âge examinés selon les données compilées entre 1993 et 2019. Comparativement à la moyenne obtenue pour la période entre 2015 et 2019, la diminution la plus faible s’est produite chez les enfants de 2 à 5 ans (baisse de 35 %) alors que la plus forte a eu lieu chez les enfants âgés de 12 à 17 ans (83 %). Les blessures liées aux collisions de véhicules automobiles et aux sports ont pratiquement disparu pendant le confinement lié à la COVID-19. Fait étonnant, pendant le confinement, plus d’enfants entre 6 et 17 ans se sont présentés à l’urgence avec des blessures moins urgentes que les années précédentes.

Conclusion

Comme dans le cas du SRAS en 2003, la COVID-19 a eu un effet dissuasif sur les visites aux urgences pédiatriques. Le confinement, en particulier, a eu une incidence profonde sur les visites associées aux blessures. La période de déconfinement fera l’objet d’une surveillance afin de déterminer les répercussions, tant à court qu’à long terme.
Injury hospitalizations in Canada 2018/19
Authors: Yao Xiaoquan , Skinner Robin , McFaull Steven , Thompson Wendy
Published: September 2020

National injury hospitalization statistics are essential for understanding the burden and pattern of injuries. This paper used the Discharge Abstract Database to analyse injury hospitalizations in Canada (excluding Quebec) for fiscal year 2018/19. The results show that unintentional injuries were the eighth leading cause of hospitalization compared to all other diseases and conditions. For unintentional injury-related hospitalizations, in rank order, the leading causes were falls, suffocation, motor vehicle traffic crashes, poisonings, struck by/against, and fire/hot object/smoke. However, the rankings were different across age groups.
Système de classification du confort et de la sécurité des voies cyclables canadiennes (Can-BICS) : convention d’appellation commune des aménagements cyclables
Authors: Winters Meghan , Zanotto Moreno , Butler Gregory
Published: September 2020

Il n’existe pas de convention d’appellation pour les aménagements cyclables valable pour toutes les villes. Notre but était d’établir une nomenclature commune pour les aménagements cyclables au Canada qui soit pertinente en contexte de santé publique. Nous avons examiné plusieurs guides de conception technique des transports ainsi que des directives en santé publique pour mettre au point un système de classification des aménagements cyclables, soit le Système de classification du confort et de la sécurité des voies cyclables canadiennes (ou Can-BICS, de l’anglais Canadian Bikeway Comfort and Safety). Ce système à trois niveaux répartit les aménagements cyclables en cinq catégories, selon leur degré de sécurité et leur confort pour les usagers. Adopter une nomenclature uniforme comme le système Can-BICS va contribuer aux mesures de surveillance régionale et nationale en santé publique, à la planification et à la durabilité.
Grounding Emerging Scholarship on Queer/Trans* Chicana/o/x and Latina/o/x Pedagogies
Authors: Aguilar-Hernández José M. , Cruz Cindy
Published: September 2020

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Joaquin’s Refusal: An Embodied and Geographic Active Subjectivity
Authors: Vázquez Andrea Del Carmen
Published: September 2020

This essay explores a Latinx, queer and trans, student’s resistance to a gender-neutral restroom at a high school in an agricultural community of the Central Coast of California. Through a close reading of a field note, I analyze Joaquin’s narrative of refusal to demonstrate how queer and trans youth engage in an active subjectivity (Lugones, 2003). For decolonial philosopher María Lugones (2003), an active subjectivity is the process through which oppressed communities become conscious and critical by engaging in a meaning-making process centered on their socialites. I argue that queer and trans high school students’ active subjectivity is in relation to their embodied knowledges and geographies. The body and space are both critical in learning to think in community and reflexively. Joaquin’s refusal of the restroom becomes useful in understanding how queer and trans youth tell narratives of their self, grounded in a social history capable of alternating the story told about space and place.
AVALIAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO DE FORRAGEIRAS EM ÁREA DE SEQUEIRO APÓS O CONSÓRCIO DE MILHO COM E SEM INOCULAÇÃO COM Azospirillum brasilense
Authors: RODRIGUES Letí­cia Nayara Fuzaro , NAKAO Allan Hisashi
Published: September 2020

A constante utilização do solo na região do cerrado voltado, principalmente, à produção agropecuária, trouxe, na atualidade, problemas relacionados à degradação e, como conseqüência, uma baixa produtividade das culturas. O trabalho objetivou avaliar os componentes de produtividade da matéria seca dos capins para a simulação de pastejo. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na estação experimental do NEPE, pertencente ao Centro Universitário – UNIFUNEC, localizado no município de Santa Fé do Sul-SP. O delineamento adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com quatro repetições, constituído por quatro variedades de forrageiras como Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, Urochloa brizantha cv. MG-13 Braúna, Megathyrsus maximum cv. Mombaça e Megathyrsus maximum cv. Tanzânia, com e sem inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense. A cada dois meses, foram coletadas amostras dos capins para a determinação da produtividade da matéria seca. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA pelo teste de F, com médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A associação das bactérias diazotróficas com as raízes das forrageiras proporcionaram desempenhos significativos na massa fresca e seca dos cultivares, mesmo em períodos de baixa disponibilidade hídrica. O uso de Azospirillum brasilense proporciona incrementos na parte aérea das espécies forrageiras, mostrando ótimos resultados.

 

A REVIEW OF FORAGE GRASS PRODUCTION IN DRY AREAS AFTER CORN CONSORTIUM WITH AND WITHOUT INOCULATION OF Azospirillum brasile

 

ABSTRACT

The constant use of soil in the cerrado region, directed mostly for farming, has currently brought some problems related to degradation, and consequently, low productivity of the cultivations. The paper aims to review the grass dry matter productivity components for simulated grazing. This paper was carried out at the research station NEPE that is part of  UNIFUNEC University Center based in the municipality of Santa Fé do Sul-SP. The design used was entirely randomized, factorial scheme 4x2, 4 repetitions, consisting of a variety of 4 forages such as Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu grass, Urochloa brizantha cv. MG-13 Braúna, Megathyrsus maximum cv. Mombaça guinea grass and Megathyrsus maximum cv. Tanzania, with and without inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense. Grass samples were collected every two months to determine the productivity of the dry matter. Data were submitted to ANOVA by statistical F test, rates were compared by using Tukey’s range test 5% of probability. The association of diazotrophic bacteria and forage roots provided a significant performance on fresh and dry matter on the cultivations, even in periods of low water availability. The use of Azospirillum brasilense provided an increase in aerial parts from forage species, presenting great results.

 

Keywords: Forage grass. Inoculation. Productivity.
ІМІТАЦІЙНІ МОДЕЛІ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ВІЗУАЛІЗАЦІЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ ГАРМОНІЙНОГО РИНКУ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВА
Authors: Hlubish Lesya Yaroslavivna
Published: September 2020

Актуальність теми дослідження. Сфера продовольчого забезпечення України уособлює багатовимірний простір, три сторони якого «держававиробник-споживач» становлять – системну тріаду. Системна єдність пояснюється інтегруванням її компонентів, оскільки їхні стейкхолдери у процесі ринкової взаємодії можуть виконувати одночасно або послідовно подвійну роль. Це зумовлює послаблення
їхньої взаємозалежності, посилюючи коеволюційний дисбаланс її складових, що формує передумови
поляризації взаємодії стейкхолдерів сторін ринку. Постановка проблеми. Послаблення щільності
економічних зв’язків між стейкхолдерами знижує стійкість сфери продовольчого забезпечення, створюючи загрози продовольчій безпеці. Їм передує дисбаланс економічних інтересів стейкхолдерів, що зумовлює потребу у напрацюванні методики їх узгодження. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Сьогодні думки науковців, що досліджують раціоналізацію ринкової взаємодії розділилися навпіл. Одні роблять спроби окреслити умови оптимального формату відносин між стейкхолдерами сторін ринку, увага інших зосереджена на конструюванні гармонійних ринків. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Результати наукових досліджень інтерпретовані у вигляді імітаційних або економікоматематичних моделей. Постановка завдання. Запропонувати алгоритм
синтезу традиційних методик з новими знаннями та сконструювати динамічну модель гармонійного
продовольчого ринку. Виклад основного матеріалу. Зважаючи на макромасштаб наукового дослідження, раціонально комбінувати оптимізаційні методи з імітаційними моделями. На основі багатовекторної оптимізації слід будувати когнітивні карти, які дозволять встановити каузальність економічних процесів та їх ефектів. Згортання векторного критерію в глобальний слід доповнити імітаційною моделлю «бочка» Лібіха, що дозволить виокремити з їх числа найдепресивніший. Досягнення справедливого компромісу доцільно проектувати на системну тріаду, комбінуючи його із
методом послідовних поступок. Висновки. Алгоритм компонування методів наукового пізнання дозволив спроектувати динамічну модель гармонійного ринку продовольства у вигляді потрійної інтегрованої спіралі, здатну враховувати коеволюцію трьох його сторін
РОЗВИТОК РИНКУ ОРГАНІЧНОЇ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ: СВІТОВІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА УКРАЇНСЬКІ РЕАЛІЇ
Authors: Milovanov Eugene Volodymyrovych
Published: September 2020

Актуальність теми дослідження. Визначено, що системна розбудова органічного сектору агарної галузі України може значно підвищити перспективи органіку на внутрішньому і зовнішньому ринках, допомогти зайняти провідні позиції на міжнародному ринку й покращити збалансованість української економіки в довгостроковій перспективі. Постановка проблеми. Беззаперечні переваги органіку стимулюють суспільство обирати органічну продукцію, а владні структури – виділяти ресурси на підтримку органіку, у зв'язку з чим органічні виробники прагнуть зайняти перспективні ніші на ринках. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Ринок органічної продукції досліджували українські й зарубіжні науковці, зокрема: В. І. Артиш [1], О. Б. Вінюкова, Г. А.Чугрій [2], А.В.Казанджі [4], О.В. Коломичева, Л. С. Васильченко, С. М. Пепчук [5], Н.Я. Кутаренко [6], В. В. Писаренко [9], Т. Б.Харченко [12], О.Шегеда [13] Л. Хамзауі-Ессуссі, М.Захаф [14], О. Маслак [15], Х.Віллер, Дж. Лерно [17] та інші. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Зважаючи на науковий внесок згаданих дослідників та динамічність розвитку ринкових відносин, все ж є необхідність постійної актуалізації та глибшого дослідження зазначеної тематики. Постановка завдання. Метою статті є наукове обґрунтування розвитку вітчизняного і світового ринків органічної продукції з метою зміцнення аграрної галузі та національної економіки України в цілому. Виклад основного матеріалу дослідження. Продемонстровано позитивну динаміку розвитку органічного ринку в Україні та світі. Узагальнено виклики нормативно-правового, інституційного, економічного та інформаційного характеру, що стоять перед Україною, на шляху формування дієвого органічного ринку. Рекомендовано відповідні заходи для стимулювання розвитку органічного ринку. Висновки. Україна має добрі перспективи зміцнити свої позиції на міжнародному органічному ринку, впроваджуючи найкращі практики управління на всіх рівнях з орієнтацією на розвиток технологій, інновацій та збалансованості.
The pedagogy of teaching English to young learners: Implications for teacher education
Authors: Zein Subhan
Published: September 2020

EYL (English for Young Learners) is a global phenomenon, and yet research is laden with reports suggesting teachers’ difficulty in developing appropriate EYL pedagogy (e.g. Butler, 2015; Copland, Garton & Burns 2014; Emery, 2012; Garton, Copland & Burns, 2011; Le & Do, 2012; Zein, 2015, 2016a, 2016b). This chapter reports on a study that investigated the perspectives of twenty-six (26) teachers on the appropriate pedagogy needed to teach in the EYL classroom. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The findings demonstrate that in the EYL classroom larger emphasis needs to be given to the young learners rather than the language. The findings show that developing a child-friendly pedagogy in the EYL classroom is of vital importance; it is at the core of EYL pedagogy. This brings implications for TESOL teacher education at pre-service and in-service levels in the sense that TESOL teacher educators need to design courses aimed to foster child-friendly pedagogy. The chapter specifically argues for TESOL teacher education to make stronger emphasis on child individual differences (IDs). This is necessary in order to equip teachers with appropriate working knowledge in second language acquisition (SLA) that is prerequisite to the development of EYL teaching expertise.
Developing intercultural communicative competence: An example of the New College English textbook series
Authors: Kiss Tamas
Published: September 2020

The development of intercultural communication has received renewed attention in the professional literature in the past decade. In response to changes brought about by a globalizing world and educational industry, our understanding of culture – and its role in language teaching - has changed. This is clearly indicated by the emerging 21st century educational frameworks that put inter- and cross-cultural skills as one of the core competencies for students to be successful in a rapidly changing world. Research on language teaching materials has found that there has been a shift in cultural representations, moving from mono-cultural portrays to more dynamic, inter-cultural, even hybrid cultural depictions. Yet, two areas need further consideration: a) While the above might be true for materials developed for international markets, how is culture represented in locally produced English language textbooks? b) What tasks are used in the materials to develop the skills, attitudes, and knowledge needed for successful intercultural communication? This paper set out to examine a widely used and locally published English language textbook series by using Byram’s (1997a) framework and found that although the material has a potential to develop intercultural competence, it does not provide tasks that would engage students in such learning.
Cooperative Learning: Addressing implementation issues
Authors: Renandya Willy A. , Jacobs George M.
Published: September 2020

Although cooperative learning (CL) has been shown to be an effective method to increase students’ levels of engagement in the language classroom, not all teachers use it regularly. Some may not fully understand its theoretical rationales, some may not be aware of its potential language learning benefits and some may just feel that CL takes up too much of instruction time. In this paper, we first provide the key theoretical principles behind CL and discuss four such principles that research has shown to be essential. These are positive interdependence, maximum peer interactions, equal opportunity to participate and individual accountability. In the last part, which forms that bulk of this paper, we discuss common concerns teachers have about CL and offer practical suggestions of addressing them.
Sign Language Interpreting in English Language Teaching for a Deaf Student: A case study
Authors: Suwiryo Adhika Irlang , Artyana Ellis R.
Published: September 2020

This paper discusses the case of appropriating a teaching approach as a response to the needs of a Deaf student registering to an English Department of a State University in Depok. The study particularly looks at the sign language interpreting practice in the classroom. In the teaching and learning process, the sign language interpreter has a significant role in transferring the course materials from the lecturer. In other words, the interpreter becomes one important factor for the student's achievement in acquiring the target language. However, there are several challenges faced by the interpreter in delivering the teaching content, such as, speech tempo, the usage of determiners (this, that), the usage of media, classroom preparation, and language differences (English and BISINDO—the natural sign language used by the Deaf community in Indonesia). The aim of this paper is to provide a clear picture concerning 1) sign language interpreting process in English teaching classroom, 2) the coordination of interpreter and lecturer(s), both in classroom preparation as well as teaching process, and 3) challenges experienced by the interpreter. Questionnaire and in-depth interviews are used with the lecturers, the student, and the interpreter in order to elicit as well as acknowledge the data related to the classroom preparation and teaching process. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed following interpretive paradigm. The results of this research offer suggestions in sign language interpreting process in English teaching classroom.
Considering the reality of hegemonic tendencies: English and linguistic diversity
Authors: Mantero Miguel
Published: September 2020

This paper aims to analyze the commodification aspect of dominant languages, in particular, English, while looking into linguistic diversity as a commodity in its own right. In order to illustrate multilingualism as a valuable commodity in itself, we mention Immersion Programs in the US and the increasing recognition of the importance of being proficient in languages other than English, for educational, personal, economic and national security reasons. This research also aims to look into some aspects of the delicate issue of English being strengthened over the weakening of thousands of local languages and cultures. Some arguments are provided in order to illustrate the fact that ‘global English’ represents special politico-economic interests that cannot meet the needs of the people whose languages and cultures are being subjugated by the imperialistic and capitalist ideologies of the spread of English. Unless local language policies are elevated on political agendas, globalization language policies will remain insensitive to the irreplaceable value of linguistic diversity, along with the real needs of citizens from all over the world.
Awareness on Mental Health Problems and Help Seeking Behavior among College Students
Authors: Reddy P. Viswanatha
Published: September 2020

Mental health has become a thoroughly studied concept in developed countries. Accordingly, a significant amount of research has focused on the intentions of college students and adolescents to seek help for mental health problems. This study aims at assessing help-seeking behavior for common mental disorders among students from Narayana group of institutions. Multi stage sampling technique was employed. Help sources were assessed using the Actual Help Seeking Questionnaire and mental health status was assessed using the 10-item Kessler psychological distress scale. A total of 760 students were involved in the study. Instruments were self-administered; Multi regression analysis was used. From the respondents, 58.4% students were found to have current mental health problems and 7.9% of the students reported ideas of harming themselves. 78.4% students had sought help for their problems. 83.8% sought help from one or more of the informal help sources. Parents, friends and religious leaders were the source of help. This may be due to lack of information about availability of mental health services.
Suicide and Suicidality in India: Vulnerabilities and Resiliency
Authors: Pathak Neha , Singh R.N. , Singh Uma Pati
Published: September 2020

Suicide is a major concern for public health and individual well-being worldwide as it happens to be among the top three causes of death of youths and also a major threat to other age groups. According to estimates, every year, almost one million people die from suicide in the world. One death every 40 seconds is recorded in the world and this trend is on increasing pattern. Thus, it is a major health hazard for our people. It is observed in our country that family problems, illness and relationship problems are relatively more potential predictors of suicide and suicidalty. The contribution of various factors to the suicidal deaths varies in intensity and impact, but any prevention programme for suicide must take into account all such factors for making the programme successful. This paper deals with the risk factors for suicide and also suggests the approaches to deal with this epidemic to save our precious human resources and also manage the social and family crisis created by the suicidal deaths.
Exploration of Motivational Factors behind Smoking
Authors: Mohd Rafiq Dhobi , Mohd Muzamil Kumar
Published: September 2020

Currently smoking is estimated to be responsible for 3 million deaths annually worldwide, or about 6% of all deaths. But by the 2020’s or early 2030’s, it is expected to cause 10.9% of all deaths in developing countries and 17.7% of those in developed countries, more than any single disease. Smoking is probable cause of about 25 diseases; hence its impact on global disease is tremendous. About one-third of the global population aged 15 and over is indulged in smoking. In the light of the global impact of tobacco on human life, it is imperative that stronger measures be taken to persuade those who are indulged in smoking. The present study conducted on 100 male participants (18-45 years) of Kashmir, J&K (India) enlightens us to shows various motivational factors behind smoking. The motivational factors are all perceived as being positive reasons to continue smoking. It is important for us to understand exactly why we smoke. Stimulation, Handling, Pleasurable, Relaxation, Crutch, Craving and Habit are the most important motivational factors behind smoking. These seven motivational factors can easily be changed by appropriate measures. It is hoped that the present study gives information on how medical professionals, health workers, clinicians and other allied agencies should tackle the problem. We would be pleased to receive any feedback on the usefulness of this study and suggestions on how to improve it.
El Caribe, la colonialidad, y el giro decolonial
Authors: Maldonado-Torres Nelson
Published: September 2020

Este artículo explora la relevancia del Caribe para entender la colonialidad, la decolonialidad, y el giro decolonial. Confronta y comienza a corregir los efectos de cierto latinoamericano-centrismo en las formas usuales de entender el giro decolonial en América Latina, el Caribe mismo, y otras regiones. Se identifican tres sentidos distintos del giro decolonial: el giro decolonial como analítica, el giro decolonial como sociogénesis histórica, y, de forma más estrecha, el giro decolonial como una red de intelectuales que se han distinguido por sus estudios sobre la colonialidad y la decolonialidad. El articulo explica como el Caribe, el pensamiento caribeño, e intelectuales caribeños han jugado un rol importante en cada una de estas dimensiones.
Toward Realizing the Potential of Latin America’s Women Entrepreneurs: An Analysis of Barriers and Challenges
Authors: Alecchi Beatrice Avolio
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop an overview of the Latin American women-owned business environment. Documentary research was conducted based on the factors of the Integrated Framework Assessment for an Enabling Environment for Women-Owned Businesses developed by the International Labor Organization, including access to credit and financial services, institutionalism, associations and women entrepreneurs’ networks, legal and regulatory framework, the distribution of the use of time, citizen security and gender-based violence, and promotion of entrepreneurship. The study concludes that even though there have been important initiatives related to these factors in Latin America and these issues have become important in political agendas, there has been uneven progress in different countries.
Report from the Editor (2020)
Authors: Pérez-Liñán Aníbal
Published: September 2020

Report presented at the meeting of the Executive Council of the Latin American Studies Association (online session), May 22–23, 2020.
Foreign Policy Change in Latin America: Exploring a Middle-Range Concept
Authors: Merke Federico , Reynoso Diego , Schenoni Luis Leandro
Published: September 2020

This article examines patterns of change and continuity in Latin American foreign policies. It asks two interrelated questions: How can we conceptually and empirically account for foreign policy change? And why do states change their foreign policies in Latin America? To answer these questions, we used the results of a new expert survey on foreign policy preferences in the region between 1980 and 2014. The results we obtained using both linear and nonparametric specifications are very clear and consistent: presidential ideology is what matters the most. Simply put, a change in the ideology of the president produces a change in foreign policy that is almost equivalent in magnitude, all other theoretically relevant factors set to their means.
Aguas y ríos: Activismo, descolonización y naturaleza en Cecilia Vicuña y Ana Tijoux
Authors: Barros María José
Published: September 2020

En este artículo se analizan dos producciones recientes de Cecilia Vicuña y Ana Tijoux: la instalaciónQuipu Mapocho(2017) y la canción “Río abajo” (2014), respectivamente. A partir de estos trabajos, se examinan los cruces entre arte y activismo y cómo ambas artistas elaboran retóricas de la resistencia que vuelven porosos los límites entre el arte y lo político e instalan posiciones críticas frente a la racionalidad moderna-colonial-patriarcal-capitalista que aún rige a las sociedades latinoamericanas. Desde esta perspectiva, se propone que Vicuña y Tijoux promueven la descolonización de la naturaleza a partir de la descolonización de los saberes, articulando un discurso ecológico en que los ríos y mares son defendidos desde una “cultura del agua” de raíz indígena, pero sin caer en visiones puristas o arcaizantes.
LA MÍSTICA DEL CUSANO:
Authors: Schmitt Alexia
Published: September 2020

Al buscar conocer el mundo y a sí mismo el hombre busca en última instancia aproximarse al principio: tal es la dimensión mística del conocer humano en Nicolás.  Se advertirán tres grandes coincidencias entre la mística del Cusano y el pensamiento de San Agustín.  Primera, que previo al momento místico es necesario prepararse conociendo aquello que se busca amar.  Segunda: durante el momento cognoscitivo los dos advierten sobre todo la infinitud divina, y por ende, concluyen su incomprehensibilidad respecto a nuestro conocer, culminando en una docta ignorancia.  No obstante, al profundizar en el significado de ïncomprehensibilidad divina y “docta ignorancia” en cada uno de estos pensadores, veremos que adquieren alcances diferentes. Tercera: sin amor no se alcanza la posesión perfecta ni la asimilación al ejemplar. En suma, para ambos, tanto el conocimiento como el amor son necesarios para arribar a la verdadera unión con Dios. Ahora bien, tal posición implica a la vez una particular concepción de mens humana, unidad de intelligere y diligere.
SEM IMAGEM, SEM MEDIAÇÃO, SEM COMPARAÇÃO – UMA ABERTURA PARA DENTRO DO PENSAMENTO DE ECKHART
Authors: Giachini Enio Paulo
Published: September 2020

Sem imagem, mediação e comparação, como título de um comentário a três sermões eckhartianos, tem a intenção de abrir uma brecha de compreensão para dentro do itinerário trilhado por Mestre Eckhart e por ele registrado. A alma humana é imagem (Bild) do protótipo originário (Urbild), Deus, mas é também semelhança, que precisa ser trabalhada para unificar-se com seu criador.
DISTINCIÓN E INDISTINCIÓN DEL EJEMPLAR Y LA IMAGEN
Authors: D’Amico Claudia
Published: September 2020

Dos años después de la publicación de De docta ignorantia aparece un texto acusatorio, De ignota litteratura (1442) de Iohannes Wenck. En este texto, Wenck afirma que la propuesta del Cusano comete en muchos casos los mismos errores de algunas doctrinas condenadas, entre otras la de Meister Eckhart. El artículo aborda especialmente la objeción que aparece como “cuarta conclusión” que atiende al tema de la identidad entre el ejemplar y la imagen y las consecuencias relativas a la posibilidad de divinización del alma. A partir de esto, explicita la noción de imagen en Meister Eckhart a fin de trazar algunos vínculos de semejanza y diferencia con lo presentado por el Cusano en el escrito cuestionado y consecuentemente extraer algunas conclusiones acerca de la consideración del objetor.
EL VALOR DE LA EXPERIENCIA MÍSTICA EN EL PENSAMIENTO DE MARSILIO FICINO
Authors: Paul Andrea
Published: September 2020

En el presente artículo desarrollaremos el problema del amor y la mística en el pensamiento de Marsilio Ficino haciendo un recorrido por sus principales teorías: su cosmología y su concepción sobre la naturaleza humana, su teoría sobre la prisca theologia, vinculada a su defensa de una pia philosophia y, por último, el furor divino y la melancolía en sintonía con la experiencia mística. Asimismo, en este trabajo, desarrollamos el significado del amor en relación con la belleza, comprendiendo que el amor no es otra cosa que deseo de belleza y la belleza, por su parte, no es otra cosa que el esplendor de la bondad divina. Evaluaremos hasta qué punto en cada una de las teorías mencionadas, encontramos relación con la contemplación y la vía mística dirigida hacia el conocimiento de la divinidad. En suma, el objetivo principal del artículo es examinar el papel que juega el misticismo en el pensamiento de Marsilio Ficino.
A FILOSOFIA E SEU ENSINO
Authors: Fogel Gilvan
Published: September 2020

O texto procura dar uma direção possível de compreensão, de determinação, da filosofia. Filosofia como compreensão de fundamento e este enquanto e como geração e gênese. Ensinar filosofia: ler os textos dos filósofos.
Russian Rock: Beyond Common Sense and the Ethos of Consumption
Authors: Vatolina Yulia V. , Semenkov Vadim E. , Polyakov Aleksey V.
Published: September 2020

Addressing the phenomenon of Russian rock, the authors proceed from the theoretical assumptions that the process of “disenchantment” (M. Weber), which began in the new European world in the 16th century and is still going on, has led to the inescapable domination of the logic of ordinary sensus communis or common sense in it, which has betrayed the sacred and is rooted in the structures of everyday life. One of the very few domains that exist on grounds other than common sense is the world of rock music. This is the point of view from which the article analyzes Russian rock. The authors show that the otherness of the worlds of Russian rock music is established by musicians in various ways. The article explicates what symbolic resources are used for their establishment and assembly. These are Buddhist symbols (“Aquarium”), and images of the ancient Egyptian and Medieval worlds (“Piknik”), and the grotesque and paradoxical poetics of the OBERIU members (“AuktYon”), and the tradition of alchemy (“Orgia Pravednikov”). The article reveals that the overall otherness of Russian rock can be clarified by the concept of carnival modification by M.M. Bakhtin, who wrote that over time, the carnival would move from the square to the symbolic dimension of culture. One of these manifestations of carnivality in the cultural and symbolic dimension of the world is Russian rock, where everything is built on a game that unfolds on the other side of the “common sense-feeling” with its inherent monologism and absolute indifference to the experience of a unique “I”. In general, the game element serves in Russian rock for questioning the values of the mass world, their problematization. It is also important that Russian rock manages to develop its own special language of symbols to express the carnival worldview. This article discusses those of them that cast the position of “here-being” “I” and value orientations of the authors of Russian rock poetry: the mortal or macabre symbolism, the kingdom or tsardom, the images of zoomorphic and ornithomorphic creatures, and the carnival itself as a symbol of otherness and freedom. By abolishing social givens, predicates and assignments, rock music attacks the “I” form as a “package” of the self, produced by a certain subject positionality, and the “I” is drawn into the game of both “I” forms and subject positionalities. This inevitably leads to a “re-evaluation of the value” and “I” form, and subject positionality — renewal of the perspective of vision of the “world” and yourself in it — behind which stands “the acquisition of a new spiritual state” (W. Benjamin). Russian rock is puzzled by the search for a way of spiritual transformation, transformation of the “I”, and this is why it is valuable for us.
Robert Forrer and his Legacy’s Significance for Studying the History of Russian Printed Fabrics Industry
Authors: Kovalyova Natalia I.
Published: September 2020

In the context of studying the history of Russian printed fabrics industry, the article analyzes the legacy of Robert Forrer, a Swiss art historian. There are very few publications about this outstanding researcher in Western European historiography. The only sources in Russian telling about R. Forrer are publications by T.A. Dolgodrova. The article deals with issues not covered by T.A. Dolgodrova. In particular, the article analyzes in more detail two R. Forrer’s monumental monographs that laid the foundation for studying printed fabrics. The historian did not study Russian printed fabrics specifically - the analysis of Russian prints production is based on just one item, and even this of only supposedly Russian work. However, the data he studied are very valuable for the subject of our interest. R. Forrer provides sources unknown in Russia that describe the trade in cotton prints at the Nizhny Novgorod fair; valuable information about the first Russian manufactories foundation in Ivanovo and Moscow; information about the technical equipment of the Shlisselburg Manufactory in the 1810s. Special attention should be paid to the process of producing a unique handkerchief ordered by Emperor Alexander I at a Swiss factory owned by Eduard Reiner where R. Forrer’s great-grandfather worked. The information about Russian printed fabrics production collected and presented by R. Forrer is of great practical importance. The printed fabrics of other countries in the works of R. Forrer are also of interest for studying the ways by which the European samples entered Russia.
“To Recognize and Read Something as a Document...”: (The Transfer of Things in Research Reflections by G.L. Dain)
Authors: Andreeva Irina V.
Published: September 2020

This article examines the cultural aspects of museum documentation as a process of identifying items to be preserved and actualized as historical documents. In the system of concepts of museum technology, it is designated as a selection process, from the point of view of museum philosophy — as implementation of the specific/museum’s attitude to reality. In the categories of cultural studies, the documentation can be considered as a subject-contextual transfer of things. This case’s formation can be now traced in the articles by J. Dolák, A.N. Balash, A.A. Nikonova, E.V. Abroskina.

Basing on the analysis of published materials of the art historian G.L. Dain’s expedition diaries, the article considers the path of a thing to a museum. In addition to institutional factors, the range of her research setting includes the scientific credo of a scientist with a pronounced cultural discourse. This is “the study of toys in living connections with folk life and art, as part of the entire complex of children’s culture”, the knowledge of “the spiritual side of the mechanism of succession in folk culture”. On its basis, a corpus of individual field work methods is formed, relevant to the logic of the modern interpretive turn in the cultural sciences. Their initial message is the perception of a thing as a textual model of national culture, the setting on its multi-layer readability based on the idea of culture as a text. The article considers the subject-contextual transfer of things on the examples of acquiring the items of Bashkir, Chukchi, Eskimo and Buryat traditional cultures for museum collections. Special attention is paid to recreating things from memory by the bearers of the tradition. As a result, a conclusion is made about the five-component structure of the museum documentation process, which includes: cultural metareality — thing — document — object of museum value — museum object. The logic of transformations of things is concretized by the scheme of systematic cultural analysis: document — text — context — discourse — interpretation.
L.I. Strakhovsky: Between Symbolism and Acmeism (Based on Foreign Publications)
Authors: Nosov Nikolay N.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to L.I. Strakhovsky (alias Leonid Chatsky; 1898—1963), a Russian writer and poet of the first wave of emigration, and his poetry and prose reflected in foreign publications of his works in Russian. Returning to our culture the name of this author, now half-forgotten in his homeland, and introducing this name into literary studies, the article tries to reveal the thematic and stylistic diversity of L.I. Strakhovsky’s poetry and prose. The research’s object is foreign publications of L.I. Strakhovsky’s artistic works in separate books, almanacs and periodicals published in Belgium, Germany, Canada and identified through collection catalogues of leading Russian libraries (the Russian State library, the Alexander Solzhenitsyn House of Russia Abroad) and library resources that display foreign Russian-language publications by L.I. Strakhovsky. The article highlights and analyzes the main stylistic (symbolism, acmeism, “junior acmeism”) and thematic (autobiographical, English, mystical) components of L.I. Strakhovsky’s works, reveals the components’ individual features, the originality of their constancy and mutual influence. The main of these features is that L.I. Strakhovsky’s works can be stylistically periodized on the basis of the author’s increased propensity to cyclize his works though without creative evolution in the usual sense and with the stable nature of his working throughout his life. To review the publications and analyze the nature of L.I. Strakhovsky’s works, the article draws on the context of Russian and emigrant literature of his era, creatively associated with L.I. Strakhovsky and its main figures, and notes his literary and cultural influence.
An Artificial Intelligence that Discovers Unpredictable Chemical Reactions
Authors: Caramelli Dario , Granda Jaroslaw , Cambié Dario , Mehr Hessam , Henson Alon , Cronin Leroy
Published: September 2020

We present an artificial intelligence, built to autonomously explore chemical reactions in the laboratory using deep learning. The reactions are performed automatically, analysed online, and the data is processed using a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on a small reaction dataset to assess the reactivity of reaction mixtures. The network can be used to predict the reactivity of an unknown dataset, meaning that the system is able to abstract the reactivity assignment regardless the identity of the starting materials. The system was set up with 15 inputs that were combined in 1018 reactions, the analysis of which lead to the discovery of a ‘multi-step, single-substrate’ cascade reaction and a new mode of reactivity for methylene isocyanides. p-Toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC) in presence of an activator reacts consuming six equivalents of itself to yield a trimeric product in high (unoptimized) yield (47%) with formation of five new C-C bonds involving sp-sp2 and sp-sp3 carbon centres. A cheminformatics analysis reveals that this transformation is both highly unpredictable and able to generate an increase in complexity like a one-pot multicomponent reaction.
Chan-Lam Amination of Benzylic Secondary and Tertiary Boronic Esters
Authors: Grayson James D. , Dennis Francesca M. , Partridge Benjamin
Published: September 2020

The Cu-catalysed coupling of arylboronic acids with amines, known as the Chan-Lam reaction, is used widely to prepare aryl amines. In contrast, alkyl variants of this reaction, while highly desirable, are underdeveloped. Herein, we report a Chan-Lam coupling reaction of benzylic boronic esters with primary and secondary anilines to form valuable alkyl amine products. Both secondary and tertiary boronic esters can be used as coupling partners, with mono-alkylation of the aniline occurring selectively. This is a rare example of a transition metal-mediated transformation of a tertiary alkylboron reagent. The method is operationally simple and tolerates a broad range of functional groups. Initial investigation into the reaction mechanism suggests that transmetallation from B to Cu occurs through a single electron, rather than a two-electron process.
Probing Folded Proteins and Intact Protein Complexes by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Yan Bin , Bunch Josephine
Published: September 2020

Native mass spectrometry (Native MS) enables the study of intact proteins as well as non-covalent protein-protein and protein-ligand complexes in their biological state. In this work we present the application of a prototype Waters DESI source for rapid surface measurements of folded and native protein structures. Ions with narrow charge state distribution (CSD), i.e. folded structures are observed in the spectra of protein samples with the molecular weight ranging from 8.6 kDa up to 66.4 kDa. Intact protein complexes of holo-myoglobin and tetrameric hemoglobin are also successfully detected from a surface. These results reveal that DESI could be gentle enough to detect compact structures and noncovalent bond interactions. We also examine whether unfolded proteins and protein complexes can refold during transient spray solvent-sample interactions during DESI. Our results from ion mobility experiments of standards of ubiquitin, cytochrome c and protein complex myoglobin indicate that such phenomenon may occur, presenting artificial native-like spectra. Nevertheless, the observation of hemoglobin tetramer is promising as it demonstrates the capability of DESI to maintain truly native structures.
The Palliative Care and Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mercy B. Joseph  , Savita Pohekar  , Arati Raut  , Manoj Patil
Published: September 2020

During this phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare systems and healthcare personnel are overwhelmed and are already prepared to treat an influx of patients affected. The corona virus poses an uncertain period of intense acute care crisis where hundreds of thousands of people theoretically could get infected, some fatally, and ten thousands could die. This article addresses the normal palliative care issues — Life quality, comprehensive care planning, Patient discernment preferences, treatment of pain and symptoms, and encouragement for caregivers over prolonged trajectories — seem small and weak in contrast. The use of the particular Palliative care skills and abilities needs to be part of the programme. To agree that death is imminent for any human being should be right for the health system. Extending the dying process in days, weeks, or months against the person’s wish is pointless; it will only prolong the physical and emotional agonies. Individual must be at peace at the end of the life and give as much dignity and comfort as possible, but intensive care units cannot give them the comfort or dignity they deserve. It basically means that all COVID- treating nurses will have expertise in the basics of palliative care, as well as access to opioids for symptoms management like breathlessness.
Multiplexed chemogenetics in astrocytes and motoneurons restore blood–spinal cord barrier in ALS
Authors: Ouali Alami Najwa , Tang Linyun , Wiesner Diana , Commisso Barbara , Bayer David , Weishaupt Jochen , Dupuis Luc , Wong Phillip , Baumann Bernd , Wirth Thomas , Boeckers Tobias M , Yilmazer-Hanke Deniz , Ludolph Albert , Roselli Francesco
Published: September 2020

Blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption is thought to contribute to motoneuron (MN) loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is currently unclear whether impairment of the BSCB is the cause or consequence of MN dysfunction and whether its restoration may be directly beneficial. We revealed that SOD1G93A, FUSΔNLS, TDP43G298S, and Tbk1+/− ALS mouse models commonly shared alterations in the BSCB, unrelated to motoneuron loss. We exploit PSAM/PSEM chemogenetics in SOD1G93A mice to demonstrate that the BSCB is rescued by increased MN firing, whereas inactivation worsens it. Moreover, we use DREADD chemogenetics, alone or in multiplexed form, to show that activation of Gi signaling in astrocytes restores BSCB integrity, independently of MN firing, with no effect on MN disease markers and dissociating them from BSCB disruption. We show that astrocytic levels of the BSCB stabilizers Wnt7a and Wnt5a are decreased in SOD1G93A mice and strongly enhanced by Gi signaling, although further decreased by MN inactivation. Thus, we demonstrate that BSCB impairment follows MN dysfunction in ALS pathogenesis but can be reversed by Gi-induced expression of astrocytic Wnt5a/7a.