bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristic trace fossils from Miocene brackish-water deposits in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Ezeh Sunny C. , Mode Wilfred A. , Ozumba Berti M.
Published: October 2018

Miocene deposits in the eastern portion of the Greater Ughelli, Central Swamp and Coastal Swamp depobelts contain well-developed brackish-water trace fossil assemblages. Twelve ichnogenera have been identified, namely: Asterosoma, Bergaueria, Chondrites, Gyrolithes, Thalassinoides, Lockeia, Palaeophycus, ?Conichnus, Planolites, Siphonichnus, Skolithos and Diplocraterion. In addition, common non-descript, passively filled burrows and fugichnia (escape structures) have also been observed. The above-mentioned ichnogenera and associated non-descript structures can be arranged into six distinct and recurring ichnoassociations within the Greater Ughelli, Central Swamp and Coastal Swamp depobelts. Each ichnoassociation is comprised of a group of trace fossils which collectively reflect specific environmental conditions during deposition of these Miocene strata. All trace fossil assemblages illustrate deposition in nearshore, restricted settings. Ichnological and sedimentological criteria which may be utilized to recognise brackish-water deposits are discussed and illustrated in pictures of the cores studied.
New palynological data for Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) deep-marine sandstones of the Western Caucasus, southwestern Russia
Authors: Goryacheva Anna A. , Zorina Svetlana O. , Ruban Dmitry A. , Eskin Alexei A. , Nikashin Konstantin I. , Galiullin Bulat M. , Morozov Vladimir P. , Mikhailenko Anna V. , Nazarenko Olesya V. , Zayats Pavel P.
Published: October 2018

Information on Jurassic palynomorphs from the Greater Caucasus is potentially of great importance, but its availability to the international research community is severely limited. New palynological data for Toarcian deposits of the Western Caucasus are recorded in the present paper. Particularly, dinoflagellate cysts are described for the first time from the Bagovskaja Formation; palynomorphs are found in sandstone levels within this unit. The most representative assemblage includes pollen (with predominant bisaccate pollen), spores (Cyathidites being commonest), and dinoflagellate cysts amongst which the predominant taxon is Nannoceratopsis spiculata. The dinocyst assemblage implies a late Toarcian age for the upper part of the Bagovskaja Formation. On the basis of these new palynostratigraphical results, the range of the formation is extended; previously, only the lower part had been dated on ammonite evidence.
Prospects and limitations of heavy mineral analyses to discriminate preglacial/glacial transitions in Pleistocene sedimentary successions
Authors: Zieliński Tomasz
Published: October 2018

The present study revolves around the identification of the stratigraphical boundary between Pleistocene formations that formed prior to the first advance of the Scandinavian ice sheet (Early Pleistocene, i.e., the so-called preglacial) and the overlying, glacially derived deposits (Middle Pleistocene). In particular, it focuses on variation in heavy mineral assemblages, which are an important tool for stratigraphers. The Neogene basement, described here, was most often the source of material that was redeposited by Early Pleistocene rivers. The geological structure and Early Pleistocene palaeogeographical scenarios for various Polish regions are discussed. Moreover, comparisons with other European preglacial formations are carried out. The mineral spectrum of Lower Pleistocene deposits is largely dependent of rocks of the Neogene and Mesozoic basement. If the incision of ancient catchments was into terrigenous rocks, the stratigraphical boundary between preglacial and glacial formations is easily determined with the help of a heavy mineral analysis. As a rule, this coincides with a noticeable change from resistant to non-resistant mineral associations. Such cases are noted for successions in central Poland and eastern England. On the other hand, outcrops of igneous or metamorphic rocks exist within preglacial river catchments in most parts of Europe. They were the local sources of non-resistant heavy minerals long before their glacial supply from the Baltic Shield. In these cases, mineralogical analysis fails in the search for the Early/Middle Pleistocene transition.
Use of Transformer Multi-Level Inverters in Parallel Operation of Marine Generating Sets with PMSG
Authors: Tarnapowicz Dariusz
Published: October 2018

The increase of energy efficiency in autonomous marine generating sets improves the overall efficiency of the ship’s propulsion. One of the methods to increase the efficiency of generating sets is the use of synchronous machines with permanent magnets in sets as generators (PMSG). The use of PMSG in connected with the need to install power converters in order to maintain constant parameters of the supply voltage and the possibility of reactive power’s distribution between generating sets that work in parallel. The article presents the possibility of using transformer multi-level inverters in parallel operation of marine generating sets with PMSG. On the basis of the results of simulation tests, the theoretical assumptions for the possibilities of active and passive power adjustment in the parallel operation of generating sets were confirmed.
Problems of Friction Force Measurement between Cylindrical Outdoor and Internal Slide Parts
Authors: Monieta Jan
Published: October 2018

The article presents the determination of an exemplary measure in the assessment of the technical state of sets of mechanical objects at the stage of manufacture, use and maintenance. The technical state of the assemblies is influenced by the quality of the friction-cooperating elements, the quality of basic functions, the surroundings and the diameter clearance of kinematic node components. Energy wasted to overcome the frictional resistance is a significant part of the energy supplied, which is why current friction losses are minimized. The article includes analysis of the phenomena occurring in the cylindrical pairs in the presence of static and kinetic friction. The many factors affecting the course and values of friction force between cylindrical elements performing relative reciprocating motion have been indicated. The subject of the article is the method of measuring the friction force between a fixed and movable cylindrical element of the mechanical object. The gradual increase of the friction force component takes place by means of easily accessible force. The results of experimental tests of the friction force in different laboratory conditions under are also included. The effect on the measured friction force was investigated: of friction elements geometry and the surface condition after manufacture and/or operation. Scatter results of static friction force depending on the geometry and surface state can be significant. Examples of surface state images are shown. A friction force model was also developed depending on factors affecting its value.
Structural Model of the Electric Drive with Double-Fed Asynchronous Machine and Direct Torque Control
Authors: German-Galkin Sergey , Kozak Maciej
Published: October 2018

At present, the development of modern complex objects management systems, including electric motors, must include the step of modelling studies, which allows you to obtain basic characteristics, slightly different from the real characteristics of the object. The development of an adequate model, which can simulate the system under investigation, eliminates the stage of conceptual design and significantly reduce the engineering design stage, and therefore saves time and money.
Influence of Pressure Equalisation Elements on the Quality of Insulating Glass Units
Authors: Respondek Zbigniew
Published: October 2018

Continuous increase of expectations concerning improvement in quality of building partitions by means of increasing their thermal insulation properties brings, among others, a need of modification in standards that have been applied to the double glazed windows so far. Triple-glazed and quadruple-glazed IGUs are used more and more often. Such elements have better thermal properties, but they are more prone to deflection and stress resulting from climatic load, i.e. changes in temperature, atmospheric pressure and wind load. Due to the above certain concepts occurred that consist in equalising gas pressure in the gas-filled gaps with the atmospheric pressure. The article contains assessment of such solutions in the context of providing suitable technical parameters of glass panes: thermal insulation and susceptibility to climatic load. It was stated that the pressure-equalizing elements (capillaries) can result in a significant reduction in the quality of the glass partition in the event of the argon purging chamber or damage to the low-E emissions. The lower risk of using required thermal properties occurs when periodically active valves are used, they operate only in case of extreme pressure level differences. Further analysis concerned the idea of pressure equalisation between the gaps of a triple-glazed unit, as that can be done by using an edge spacer of appropriate design. On the basis of comparative analysis of static values it was shown that it is a reasonable solution. Such a unit maintains the properties of a tight unit, while the possibility of gas exchange between the gaps leads to relief of the central glass pane in the unit, thus allowing for decreasing its thickness to 2 mm.
Measurement of Forces During the Extraction Process
Authors: Biały Witold , Wedzicha Jerry , Nordin Victor
Published: October 2018

The article briefly describes the factors affecting the workability of coal seams. Next, the construction and principle of operation of a globally unique device for determining the values of forces involved in the cutting process (coal extraction) named POU-BW/01-WAP by the author were presented. It is the only device in the world that determines two of the three component forces that are involved in the cutting process. To this end, two independent measuring blocks were used, which consist of tensometric force sensors: cutting (Fs) and pick downforce (Fd). To register these forces, a real pick was used, which is used in longwall drum shearers - a conical pick. The device has ATEX certification that allows working in real conditions, as a device intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - in accordance with Directive 94/9/EC. The instrument has received many awards at global inventiveness and innovative solution trade shows.
Laboratory Tests of a Speed Control System for Roadheader Cutting Heads
Authors: Joostberens Jarosław , Heyduk Adam
Published: October 2018

The paper presents selected results of the laboratory tests of the speed control system for the R-130 roadheader with an inverter-fed cutting heads drive. The results recorded for the variable speed system have been compared with the measurement obtained for the network supplied drive. There have been noticed some oscillations after rapid current overloads. They are due to the operation of the internal current controller of the PWM-inverter, The oscillations are fast decaying - so they prove the results of initial system stability checking. Generally, the automatic speed control, tracking the optimum speed level calculating by supervisory speed adjuster makes possible to better utilize the motor power throughout the whole cutting time. The better operating conditions of the motor cause increase in the whole system power efficiency (even in spite of additional losses in the inverter circuit) Additionally the sped control reduces dynamical overloads. This fact can have a positive influence on the whole system reliability. The speed control subsystem is a part of the whole control system which contains also close-loop boom angular position and velocity control circuits.
Assessment of the Range of Danger Zones Determined in a Function of LNG Chemical Composition
Authors: Kalbarczyk-Jedynak Agnieszka
Published: October 2018

Nowadays, when we try to automatize all activities, there is a growing demand for energy in all forms. Increasingly we reach for new energy sources that can be problematic to store or to transport, owing to their toxicity or explosive propensity. The article examines the issues of determining danger zones occurring as a result of liquefied natural gas (LNG) release. The range of danger zones caused through LNG release depends on a multitude of factors. The basic parameter that needs to be considered is a type of the released substance as well as the manner of its release. The range of a danger zone is determined by, inter alia, the concentration of a released substance and the atmospheric conditions existing at the time when depressurization occurs. The article analyses the problem of the range of danger zones in a function of wind speed and surface roughness with a defined value of Pasquill stability for various LNG types, starting with pure methane, and ending with the so-called LNG-heavy. The difficulty of the task becomes more complicated when the analysed surface over which a depressurization incident takes place involves water. The problem deepens even further when the analysed substance possesses explosive properties. Then, apart from regular substance concentration, upper and lower flammability limit ought to be considered. Calculations were conducted with DNV-Phast software, version 7.11.
Systems Engineering in SMEs – A Case of RFID Solutions Provider
Authors: Buczacki Aleksander , Gladysz Bartlomiej
Published: October 2018

Systems engineering (SE) is a well-known approach used for management of the development process of big and complex technical systems / products (usually) by large companies. There are a few initiatives of SE application for different industries as well as new SE standard development for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems are a good example of systems development of which could be approached using systems engineering. In this paper, a case of an SME - a solution provider and system integrator of RFID systems is discussed, to discover how it is dealing with SE problems and issues. The paper also presents potential benefits arising from the utilization of SE in this type of projects realized by the SME in question.
Highly Efficient Technology for Manufacturing of Spunlace Non-Woven Fabric in the Company Novita S.A. Poland – Description and Characteristic of the R&D Actions
Authors: Sąsiadek Michał , Woźniak Waldemar , Jankowski Bartłomiej , Błaszczyk Urszula , Stryjski Roman
Published: October 2018

This paper presents the process of designing Research and Development actions for innovative technology of highly efficient manufacturing of Spunlace non-woven fabric with the use of the designed demonstrative technological line. Both the designing of the technological line and the research are response to the market needs of the personal care products manufacturers in Poland and in the world. Clients’ expectations concerning this matter deal with increasing the production volume as well as providing better quality of the products. Due to limited (and fully exploited) production capacities and already-known technical problems in the enterprise where the research has been carried out, the authors designed a concept of innovative controlling of the technological line gradually increasing its efficiency. In order to do so, the authors proposed research based on designing the technological line mathematical model, creating its prototype and testing its operational capacities, saving the data in the database and then the use of this empirical data to the technological line parametrisation depending on the properties and destination of the manufactured products.
Review of the Hard-Facing Technology Application for Reparation of the Given Parts in Various Branches of Industry
Authors: Lazić Vukić , Arsić Dušan , Mutavdžić Milan , Nikolić Ružica , Meško Jozef , Radović Ljubica , Ilić Nada
Published: October 2018

This paper deals with the problem of defining the optimal procedure for reparation of the machine parts of large dimensions and complex shapes. The procedure consists of establishing the causes of the part's damages, definition of the reparation technology, with selection of its parameters and ways of execution. The reparation is done by hard-facing, with heat treatment that consists of preheating, additional heating and the post hard-facing tempering. The process parameters' selection includes choosing the right filler metal(s), ways and order of depositing the hard-faced layers, ways of reaching and maintaining the preheating temperatures, checking of the base metal's chemical composition and mechanical properties and deciding on the post-process heat and mechanical processing of the executed hard-facing. The executed reparation of the forging hammer's mallet, presented in details, serves as an example how the reparation can successfully serve as a substitute for procuring the new part and thus producing the savings both directly in lower costs and indirectly in shortening the down-time of the damaged part operation.
Application of Arduino Module to Research in Surface Physics
Authors: Nowrot Andrzej , Solecka Barbara
Published: October 2018

During the semiconductor or graphene wafers surface were investigated, the Arduino module was applied to control the impact point of the laser beam. While the pulse signal of laser beam impacts to surface selected material and the material is exposed to enough strong magnetic field, the photomagnetoelectric effect takes place. This causes the electrical signal in the measurement coil, which is connected to amplifiers. The paper presents application of Arduino UNO module to control the position in two dimensions (in the XY plane) of investigated silicon or graphene wafers while the photomagnetoelectric effect is measuring. The Arduino drive (through the integrated circuit with power transistors) the steps and shift of a dedicated table with a sample situated at the top of the table. Constructed equipment, based on Arduino board, allows for one step size of 1.25 μm in X-axis and Y-axis, and in effect, the each square millimeter contains 640000 measurement points. We are able also to modify the Arduino program for motors controller any moment. Moreover, it is also possible to apply the obtain method to investigate another semiconductor materials. The commercially available similar devices don’t have all need functions and they are incomparably more expensive.
Innovative Visualization System Designed to Monitor Parameters of Mining Systems Operation
Authors: Szurgacz Dawid , Brodny Jarosław
Published: October 2018

Mining machines suitable for hard coal mining, due to the specifics of this industry must be characterized by very high technical parameters. In particular, it concerns their durability, reliability and availability. Currently used machines approved for operation in underground conditions meet such requirements. Nevertheless, during their operation it is reasonable to conduct supervision and control of work parameters. This applies to both machine manufacturers and users, which is especially important in the event of a failure. Mine employees should be able control of the entire operation process. This control can be effective thanks to a visualization system developed to monitor the working parameters of mining systems. The paper discusses the innovative system and presents the results of efficiency tests. They concerned the visualization of the operation of a powered roof support. The obtained results indicate that the assumed goal of the system has been achieved. The system is built on elements of industrial automation, which guarantees the reliability of the indicated values. Its graphic layout and selection of the presented parameters are also approved. It should also be emphasized that the system can work with currently operating systems and is easy to expand. According to the Authors, the system should find a wide application in practice.
Surface Treatment Proposals for the Automotive Industry by the Example of 316L Steel
Authors: Dudek Agata , Lisiecka Barbara
Published: October 2018

Nowadays, stainless steels are very interesting and promising materials with unique properties. They are characterized high mechanical strengths, high toughness and good corrosion resistance, so that can be used in many industrial sectors. An interesting alternative to steels obtained using the conventional methods is sintered stainless steel manufactured using the powder metallurgy technology. AISI 316L stainless steel is one of the best-known and widely used austenitic stainless steel. Modification of surface properties of stainless steels, in particular by applying the Cr3C2 coating is becoming more and more popular. The technique of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) was used to deposit Cr3C2 - NiAl powder on stainless steel surface. In this study presents arc surface remelting of two types of stainless steel was used by GTAW method in order to improve function and usability these materials. The results of optical microscope metallographic, hardness and scratch test are presented. The main assumption for this study was to analyze the microstructure and hardness after remelting and alloying the surface of 316L steel (using GTAW method) with current intensity 50 A.
Process Modelling Based on Event Logs
Authors: Brzychczy Edyta
Published: October 2018

Process modelling is a very important stage in a Business Process Management cycle enabling process analysis and its redesign. Many sources of information for process modelling purposes exist. It may be an analysis of documentation related directly or indirectly to the process being analysed, observations or participation in the process. Nowadays, for this purpose, it is increasingly proposed to use the event logs from organization’s IT systems. Event logs could be analysed with process mining techniques to create process models expressed by various notations (i.e. Petri Nets, BPMN, EPC). Process mining enables also conformance checking and enhancement analysis of the processes. In the paper issues related to process modelling and process mining are briefly discussed. A case study, an example of delivery process modelling with process mining technique is presented.
Economic Aspects of Analysis of Occurrence of Incidential Events on the Scope of Security of Information in a Production Enterprise
Authors: Justyna Żywiołek
Published: October 2018

This article presents structure and analysis of possible events for information security of a production company. The aim of the analysis is to identify incident events, their time and frequency. The analysis includes occurrence of notifications, threatening events, employee errors and false alarms. Also, the conducted research takes into account the functions performed in the enterprise. For these events, a daily distribution of events and statistical analysis of their occurrence were developed. Thanks to the analysis of the phenomena in time, enterprises can introduce actions preventing the occurrence of incidents. The conducted research has shown that employees report incidents which, in their opinion, constitute an incident, which greatly facilitates the work of the information security administrator. These events are analyzed and classified accordingly. The analysis showed that most events take place between midnight and two in the morning. The conducted analysis is a pilot study carried out in one large enterprise in the metallurgical industry.
Use of the Decision Table for Supporting Management Process in Mining Companies
Authors: Stecuła Kinga , Chikhradze Mikheil
Published: October 2018

The article presents a proposal of use a decision table to support the decision-making process in scope of maintenance management in mining companies. In particular, it refers to decisions related to evaluation and improvement of mining machinery use in the mining production process. The article presents the theoretical foundations of decision tables building and characteristics of the most important stages of creating this table. This whole process was tried to refer specifically the mining industry. For this reason, during construction of the decision tables, the results of research on the effectiveness of the selected mining machines were used. The conducted research provided a lot of data, information and knowledge on the work of the particular mining machines, especially regarding the number and reasons for unplanned breaks during the machines’ work. The developed decision table will consist of conditions, rules and actions whose purpose is to define the recommendations for the particular groups of participants in the mining production process. The obtained results will form the basis for the development of the recommendations and proposals of actions to improve the level of use of mining machines. The authors focused mainly on the practical use of tables to support the decision-making process regarding maintenance and improvement of effectiveness of mining machines. The obtained results confirm the validity of the adopted assumptions. Decision tables can become an important tool that supports the decision-making process within mining companies.
Legal Aspects and Statistics of Work Injuries in the Czech Republic
Authors: Krügerová Martina , Kozieł Michal , Martiníková Jana
Published: October 2018

By work injury, a health damage or employee´s decease are meant if those were caused independently on employee´s will by short-period, accidental and violent effect of external impacts while fulfilling working tasks or directly related to it. Also such injury is considered a work injury, which happened when the employee fulfilled his/her working tasks. Legal regulation of the rights and obligations of employers as well as employees as it comes to occupational injuries is being often ignored by both parties of labour-law relationship. In fact, insufficient knowledge of this topic can bring many complications to both parties. It is necessary to keep in mind that not each injury can be considered work injury. The aim of this article is to analyze legal aspects of work injury supported by judicature and statistical data out of segment of work injuries in the Czech Republic. The law is not always clear and allows different explanation, as it also does not consider all situations and questions. Answers to problematic points are more and more often being found in judicature - deciding practice of courts, its conclusions, explanations and statements are evaluated. There is an example of injury happened during a business trip used in this article, by which it will be explained what activities can be thought such relating to working tasks fulfilment. When work injury occurs, the employer is obligated to clarify the reasons and circumstances of it. A monitoring of statistical data of work injuries and their causes seems to be a significant basis when elaborating company risk analyzes, prevention and risk management, occupational health and safety, working conditions and environment.
New Product Management with the Application of the Manufacturing Company Project Portfolio Management Concept
Authors: Musioł-Urbańczyk Anna , Sorychta-Wojsczyk Barbara
Published: October 2018

The article presents the project portfolio management system in a selected manufacturing company operating in the advertising industry in the field of new product project management. It discusses individual elements and structure of the system, and the scope of procedures performed within the system.
Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Material Requirements Planning in a Mining Enterprise
Authors: Bąk Patrycja , Michalak Aneta
Published: October 2018

The research problem raised in the paper concerns materials management of mining enterprises. It is an important area of activity in these enterprises, mainly due to the fact that the cost of materials consumption is, after the personnel cost, the second position in the cost structure in terms of value. In order to conduct the mining works planned in an efficient way, it is necessary to provide materials supply as well as to prepare them and transfer to production. It can only be achieved in the way of appropriate planning, which includes the division into product range and time periods. The way of planning should be adjusted to the specific conditions and the character of consumption, as well as link those with an operational production plan. Although a great number of publications on planning methods can be found, not many of them refer to the specificity of mining production processes, especially material requirements planning. The objective of this paper is to present the theoretical assumptions of the material requirements planning process and the practical aspects of this process in the operating activity of mining enterprises. The paper is of theoretical and cognitive study character. The research was based on a systematic review method - systematic literature review, supplemented with the analysis of internal documents and programs used in materials management of mining enterprises.
Value Streams Mapping in the Implementation of Process Innovations – in the Case of Single–Unit Production
Authors: Klimecka-Tatar Dorota , Kapustka Katarzyna
Published: October 2018

The visual management technique used in process improvement, i.e. value stream mapping (VSM) has been presented in the paper. Value stream mapping is one of the basic management tools in the context of Lean Management or Lean Production. It allows to visualize the flow of decision, information, material and their connections in the full production cycle (from the order, through planning, production, to shipping to the customer). VSM is a lean tool that gives the ability to create flows in the process before implementing changes. In this paper, the possibilities of changes planning based on the current and future status maps have been discussed. On the basis of the current state map (CSM), the areas requiring improvement and operations which efficiency is decisive and for the process have been designated. Particular attention has been paid to the possibilities of using VSM in unit production processes. In the paper has been proposed the two possibilities for company development in terms of the improvement technique in line with the Kaizen philosophy as well as the implementation of process innovations. Which means balanced development through the improvement of the existing process or an acute development strategy through the implementation of process innovations (which involves significant costs).
Assessment of Customer Satisfaction as an Element Deciding About Enterprise's Competitiveness
Authors: Ingaldi Manuela , Kotus Martin
Published: October 2018

Enterprises which want to ensure a secure and stable market position must constantly look for ways to convince customers (current and potential) that their goods and services are competitive and represent a sufficiently high level of quality, consistent with the their needs. Service enterprises use specific methods and tools to analyze the quality of their services and to be sure that these services are competitive on the market. One of the important elements of such an analysis is the assessment of customer satisfaction. This research should be treated as a key stage in the customer satisfaction management system. Without knowing the customers' expectations, the enterprise is unable to determine what to improve and correct. In this case, the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI), which not only indicates what to improve, but also shows the level of customer satisfaction, should be used. The purpose of the paper is to assess customer satisfaction in a service point of a known producer of men's clothes. The CSI index and a specially developed survey were used for the research. The questionnaire was filled in by the customers of the research service point after the service delivery. According to the obtained results, individual determinants should be maintained and monitored by the enterprise. The research also identified areas for improvement, i.e. product quality, design and ways of payment. However, the overall CSI score is good, which means that despite few problems with customers' satisfaction, they are satisfied with the research service point.
Cloud Manufacturing Platform and Architecture Design
Authors: Siderska Julia , Mubarok Khambi
Published: October 2018

Cloud Manufacturing (CMfg) is an emerging networked manufacturing paradigm and service-oriented manufacturing model, in which distributed manufacturing resources are made available by providers according to consumers’ requirements as on-demand manufacturing services via networks (manufacturing clouds) and cloud manufacturing service platforms. Considering the concept of cloud manufacturing and its operation principle, the paper designs and introduces new proposal of cloud manufacturing service platform architecture, including the following six layers: physical resources layer, soft resources layer, virtual resources layer, services layer, application layer and service-oriented interface layer. After surveying majority of papers introducing architectures of CMfg service platforms, the paper recommends to map both hard as well as soft resources into cloud services from resource layers to virtual resource layer which highlights the core idea of the concept. The paper discusses also the fundamentals of the CMfg paradigm, introduces three groups of actors that participate in a cloud manufacturing system, as well as indicates briefly a typical hierarchy architecture of cloud manufacturing system.
Evaluation of the Diversity of Training Quality Conducted as Part of General Training and on-the-Job Training – Case Study
Authors: Korban Zygmunt , Kołodziejczyk Paweł , Rabasová Marcela
Published: October 2018

The level of occupational health and safety is one of the determinants of the company's efficiency. The article assessed the quality of general initial training (general training) and initial training at the workplace (on-the-job training) carried out in selected business entities related to the hard coal mining industry. Problem included in the above trainings were interpreted as a criterion function within a multi-criteria analysis based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Application of the AHP method allowed to perform a diagnostic (comparative) assessment of objects (business entities), both objects and accepted assessment criteria were compared in pairs with each other (the evaluator's preferences (subjectivity of assessments) are treated in the Analytic Hierarchy Process as a natural phenomenon).
Ergonomic and Workflow Study of Sausage Production Process in the Context of Manual Transport Tasks
Authors: Kabiesz Patrycja , Bartnicka Joanna
Published: October 2018

The aim of the article is to analyze the activities performed manually in a meat processing enterprise in the context of shaping ergonomic working conditions. Based on observational methods, including metric measurements of workstations and an in-depth interview with employees of the enterprise, the activities realized in the production process of the selected sausage product were recognized, with particular emphasis on manual work. On the basis of ergonomic analyzes carried out with the use of 3D SSPP software, groups of activities were identified that carry an increased risk of static load and the occurrence of ailments in the musculoskeletal system. The results of analyzes form the basis for the development of a workflow improvement process resulting from the improvement of manual work conditions.
Improvement of the Ergonomic Quality of the Work Process
Authors: Lis Teresa , Nowacki Krzysztof , Łakomy Karolina
Published: October 2018

The improvement of production processes is currently one of the key elements of the company's competitiveness. In the pursuit of profit, the rationality of streamlined processes is not always taken into account, i.e. that both process needs and these of employees should be considered. Caring of the comfort of work, of adjusting the workplace to the employee is the main goal of ergonomic activity. On the level of implementation of ergonomic demands depends not only the quality and modernity of the products, but also the ergonomics of the workstation and the production process, forming the basis for better quality and more efficient work. The Improvement of the quality of the ergonomic workplace is possible on the basis of a properly conducted assessment, using a variety of tools. This article presents the evaluation and ergonomic analysis of the work process at four production workplaces, and then indicates the directions of changes. The analysis included elements of physical effort: energy expenditure, static load and traffic monotype. Traditional tools were used, such as OWAS, REBA, and also the use of quality assessment tools (Ishikawa diagram, Pareto-Lorenzo diagram) was proposed in order to suggest solutions to improve the ergonomic quality of the workstations under analysis.
Fault Tree Analysis as a Tool to Increase the Level of Security in an Enterprise
Authors: Ignac-Nowicka Jolanta , Krenický Tibor
Published: October 2018

Technological progress, as well as the development of the sciences on occupational health and safety, increased safety and improved working conditions in enterprises of even the most onerous industries. To maintain the required level of safety, preventive actions are taken to identify all hazards in the workplace. In practice, many methods are used to identify hazards depending on the type of technological processes and the types of workstations analyzed. The article presents the advantages of the fault tree analysis method as a tool to support the process safety management in the enterprise. The article presents features of the fault tree analysis method as a tool for better security management in an enterprise. Cause and effect relationships between events in the fault tree schema on selected examples were examined. Indirect and direct causes of accidents and failures in the enterprise have been identified, including human errors (human factor). The use of the fault tree analysis method to support accident and failure risk assessment in an industrial plant was also analyzed.
Ergonomic Diagnosis of Concrete Mixer Workplace. Case Study
Authors: Żabińska Iwona , Kuboszek Artur
Published: October 2018

The article shows the results of ergonomics diagnosis at the concrete mixer workplace. Above mentioned results constitute only a part of a widespread project which aims at integrated ergonomic diagnosis of workplace environment considering improving both technical conditioning and psycho-social conditioning. Foregoing researches were conducted in several companies in Silesian Voivodeship with regard to different work positions. The ergonomic diagnosis was done with the usage of tools as: Ergonomic Control Test CET II and Dortumd’s list. The remarks allowed to evaluate worker’s awareness of ergonomics, and to identify problems in this field.
Application of Model-Based Tests for Analysing the Consequences of Mine Fires
Authors: Tutak Magdalena
Published: October 2018

One of the most common and most dangerous hazards in underground coal mines is fire hazard. Mine fires can be exogenous or endogenous in nature. In the case of the former, a particular hazard is posed by methane fires that occur in dog headings and longwalls. Endogenous and exogenous fires are large hazard for working crew in mining headings and cause economics losses for mining plants. Mine fires result in emission of harmful chemical products and have a crucial impact on the physical parameters of the airflow. The subject of the article concerns the analysis of the consequences of methane fires in dog headings. These consequences were identified by means of model-based tests. For this purpose, a model was developed and boundary conditions were adopted to reflect the actual layout of the headings and the condition of the atmosphere in the area under analysis. The objective of the test was to determine the effects of methane fires on the chemical composition of the atmosphere and the physical parameters of the gas mixture generated in the process. The results obtained clearly indicate that fires have a significant impact on the above-mentioned values. The paper presents the distributions for the physical parameters of the resulting gas mixture and the concentration of fire gases. Moreover, it shows the distributions of temperature and oxygen concentration levels in the headings under analysis. The methodology developed for the application of model-based tests to analyse fire events in mine headings represents a new approach to the problem of investigating the consequences of such fires. It is also suitable for variant analyses of the processes related to the ventilation of underground mine workings as well as for analyses of emergency states. Model-based tests should support the assessment of the methane hazard levels and, subsequently, lead to an improvement of work safety in mines.
IT Systems Supporting Waste Management in Municipalities – Research Results
Authors: Stępień Monika , Białecka Barbara , Stalmachova Barbara
Published: October 2018

When a new EU directive on municipal waste management was implemented in Poland over 5 years ago, there were practically no IT systems on the market allowing for comprehensive support of this process. Significant changes revealed a number of problems that the municipalities had to face and are facing today, trying to create an integrated system of waste management. IT systems used by municipal units before the amendment of the act have been proved insufficient to be able to efficiently manage the collection of waste from residents. The new regulations significantly influenced, among others, the process of information flow between entities in the waste management system. New participants in the municipal waste management process have been introduced, which from that moment has had to be dealt with by municipal units - the entire organization of the waste collection process and information activities in this area fell on the municipalities. This article presents the results of research on IT systems used in municipalities and its needs in this area. These surveys were carried out using a questionnaire sent to municipalities in the Silesian Voivodeship. Its aim was to identify the features and functions that should be met by the IT system, allowing for comprehensive management of the new municipal waste management system.
Personal Care Robots for Senior Adults – Analysis and Assessment of the Current State of Selected Gerontechnology
Authors: Halicka Katarzyna
Published: October 2018

As part of this article, research work aimed at acquiring new knowledge regarding the analysis and assessment of arbitrarily selected gerontechnology: personal care robots for older adults. The results planned to be achieved under the article have not been reflected in previous scientific studies. Until now, no research has been carried out to assess this technology regarding heterogeneous criteria. The existing research results only concern the study of the acceptability of the technologies used by older people to improve their quality of life. The opinions of prospective potential users were not considered as well as their age and place of posting or education. Neither were marketing, social and ethical aspects, competitiveness or innovation. The author will use the proprietary methodology of prospective technology analysis (PAT) to analyse and evaluate the technology. This methodology allows assessing the current state of technology. It enables providing knowledge on characteristic features of the technology, current and potential applications of a given technology and necessary for the development of analysed resource technologies, as well as the impact of technology on the environment and the environment on technology.
The resilience of shopping centres: An analysis of retail resilience strategies in Lisbon, Portugal
Authors: Guimarães Pedro Porfírio Coutinho
Published: October 2018

Retail is a dynamic sector and for several decades shopping centres have been the most successful format. Although such shopping centres have been held responsible for the decline of other retail concepts, they are not without problems and some retail precincts are losing their viability, becoming dead malls. Some other shopping centres however are quite resilient. In this study we analyse the different retail resilience strategies used by older shopping centres to overcome their declining trend. For empirical evidence we adopt a case study methodology and fieldwork to investigate the evolution of all old shopping centres in Lisbon, confirming that a general trend of decline is affecting a large majority of those retail precincts. Refining our analysis, we interviewed managers from three shopping centres that remain viable. We conclude that a wide range of strategies can be implemented, all of which enhance the relevance of the shopping centre management structures.
Retail Sprawl in Post-Soviet Urban Residential Communities: Case Studies of Saint-Petersburg and Vilnius
Authors: Axenov Konstantin , Krupickaitė Dovilė , Morachevskaya Kira , Zinovyev Andrey
Published: October 2018

Since the beginning of the 1990s, Soviet urban residential communities have experienced rapid inflows of new urban functions. In this research project, two post-Soviet urban areas - Vilnius and St. Petersburg - are examined to indicate contrasting development paths over the last 30 years. The term “retail sprawl” describes correctly one of the important processes which have reshaped the former socialist microdistricts. We used data from the years 1987-1989, the last years of the socialist economy, and 2016 for 36 comparable research areas. By 2016 the structure of these formerly monofunctional areas made them functionally very similar to that of the urban core, including them in the intra-urban circulation of goods and capital, redirecting flows and making the city centre’s service burden much lighter. The results of the study provide a controversial contribution to the virtual discussion on universalism vs. uniqueness in post-socialist urban development. On the one hand, irrespective of contrasting “path-dependent” impacts, the structural results of retail development turned out to be generally identical in the studied cities at present, as well as in a prototypical North-American city 25 years ago. On the other hand, we found very pronounced differences compared to international patterns in morphological outcomes.
“We show that we are men”: the Dominant Masculinity Profile of the Portoan Ultra-groups
Authors: Seabra Daniel
Published: October 2018

The ultra-groups that support football clubs have been present in Portugal since the 1970s. Despite this support, performed with many chants and choreographies, the ultra-groups are reported mostly due to violent situations caused by their members. Based on an investigation of four ultra-groups that support football clubs in Oporto that was performed through lengthy observation, interviews, and surveys, this text highlights the characteristics of the dominant masculine profile present in these ultra-groups. The dimensions that allowed for the outline of this profile arise from theoretical perspectives reflecting gender and masculinity as an explanatory dimension of the aggressive behavior of hooligans and ultra-group members. These were briefly dealt in this text. They are composed of key features resulting from research about gender and masculinity in the Portoan ultra-groups, enabling their outlines. The physical and verbal violence, leadership profile, body display, homophobic discourse, and gendered exclusion expressed in the words, chants, and iconography of the ultra-groups allow for the definition of the key characteristics of the aggressive dominant masculine profile present in these Portoan ultra-groups.