bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Component of the TAC Complex, TCD7, Controls Rice Chloroplast Development at the Early Seedling Stage under Cold Stress
Authors: Lin Dongzhi , Kang Licheng , Zhou Wenhao , Wang Yulu , Chen Yu , Xu Jianlong , Dong Yanjun
Published: December 2021

Transcriptionally active chromosome (TAC) is a component of protein-DNA complexes with RNA polymerase activity found in chloroplasts. Although TAC in Arabidopsis thaliana has been extensively investigated, how the rice (Oryza sativa L.) TAC complex functions remains largely unknown. We report the characterization of the mutant thermosensitive chlorophyll-deficient7 (tcd7) and the cloning of TCD7. tcd7 mutant seedlings displayed an albino phenotype specifically at low temperatures and before the four-leaf stage. We identified TCD7 by map-based cloning followed by transgenic rescue and genome editing tests, showing that TCD7 encodes the putative TAC component FRUCTOKINASE-LIKE 2 (OsFLN2). TCD7 transcripts were highly abundant in green tissues, and the protein localized to chloroplasts. In agreement with the albino phenotype, transcript levels of genes controlling chloroplast development and the establishment of photosynthetic capacity were severely reduced in tcd7 seedlings at low temperatures, but were expressed as in the wild type at high temperatures, implying that TCD7 regulates the PEP pathway and chloroplast development. Moreover, TCD7 interacted with the thioredoxin OsTRXz to form an OsTRXz-TCD7 regulatory module, which might regulate plastid transcription under cold stress. Our results demonstrate that the nucleus-encoded TAC protein TCD7 protects chloroplast development from cold stress via a TRXz-FLN regulatory module.
Customer satisfaction with Tokyo Metropolitan Government ward office counter services: confirmatory factor analysis of question grouping and principal component regression analysis
Authors: Moteki Yasutoshi
Published: December 2021

This study examines the determinants of service satisfaction among users of a ward office in Tokyo using a two-part questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised three main categories of multiple-choice questions: A) facility equipment (physical elements in the government office), B) staff responses, and C) service delivery (e.g., promptness of services, whether visitors completed their scheduled errands). In addition, three groups of questions related to the personalities of the users of each facility were investigated. During a one-day survey period, responses were collected from 400 women, aged 30–59 years, who had visited a ward office in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area over a one-month period. This age segment was studied because it is the major segment of the panel of the Internet research firm used. First, factor analysis was used to check the appropriateness of the grouping of questions, and it was confirmed that the three groups were appropriate based on eigenvalues and scree plots. Then, to examine the determinants of counter service customer satisfaction, principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted for each question category. The regression analysis using the three main question groups and three other respondents’ personality-related question groups indicated that group C (service delivery quality) had the strongest influence on the dependent variable, followed by group B and group A. The adjusted R2 value was .70. This result is consistent with the results of the author’s surveys of government offices in urban areas conducted for Higashihiroshima City Hall and of ward offices in Osaka.
The spatially homogeneous Hopf bifurcation induced jointly by memory and general delays in a diffusive system
Authors: Lv Yehu
Published: December 2021

In this paper, by incorporating the general delay to the reaction term in the memory-based diffusive system, we propose a diffusive system with memory delay and general delay (e.g., gestation, hunting, migration and maturation delays, etc.). We first derive an algorithm for calculating the normal form of Hopf bifurcation in a diffusive system with memory and general delays. The developed algorithm for calculating the normal form can be used to investigate the direction and stability of Hopf bifurcation. Then, we consider a diffusive predator-prey model with ratio-dependent Holling type-3 functional response, which includes with memory and gestation delays. The Hopf bifurcation analysis without considering gestation delay is first studied, then the Hopf bifurcation analysis with memory and gestation delays is studied. Furthermore, by using the developed algorithm for calculating the normal form, the supercritical and stable spatially homogeneous periodic solutions induced jointly by memory and general delays are found theoretically. The stable spatially homogeneous periodic solutions are also found by the numerical simulations which confirms our analytic result.
Epidemiologic Factors and Ocular Manifestations of Twin Children Compared with Controls
Authors: Rajavi Zhale , Sabbaghi Hamideh , Hasani Reza , Behradfar Narges , Abdi Saeid , Kheiri Bahareh
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To compare the epidemiological and ocular findings of twin children with non- twin age matched individuals as their control.Methods: In this cross sectional study, a total of 92 twins (184 cases) were compared with 182 non- twin matched children. The comprehensive ophthalmic examinations including measurement of the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cycloplegic refraction, ocular deviation, strabismus as well as the anterior and posterior ophthalmic examinations were conducted. An organized questionnaire was also filled out for both groups to record their demographic information. Monozygotic twins were considered if there were similarity of their phenotypic characteristics and gender, otherwise the twins were considered as dizygotic. The mirror- image twins (MIT) was defined based on the laterality of symmetrical ocular characteristics of twins.Results: In this study, the mean age of the study subjects was 7.08±4.68 and 7.56±4.02 years in the twins and non-twins groups, respectively. Among the twins 27 (30%) were monozygotic. Refractive form of MIT was seen in 5 twins (5%). BCVA in the twins group (0.07±0.16LogMAR) was significantly worse than non-twins (0.03±0.08LogMAR, P<0.001) and higher percentage of them were amblyopic (21.8% versus 10.5%, P=0.005). Twin and controls had history of strabismus surgery in 7.8% and 3.3%, respectively (P=0.009). Multivariate analysis showed significant correlation among low gestational age and female gender, low birth weight and seizure. Conclusion: Female sex, less gestational age, low birth weight, amblyopia and strabismus were significantly higher in twins. Therefore, it is important to check their refractive error, anisometropia, MIT phenomenon and amblyopia to prevent their further complications.
Extraction and Characterization of Chitin, Chitosan, and Protein Hydrolysate From the Invasive Pacific Blue Crab, Portunus Segnis (Forskål, 1775) Having Potential Biological Activities
Authors: Jabeur Fadoua , Mechri Sondes , Mensi Fethi , Gharbi Ines , Naser Yosri Ben , Kriaa Mouna , Bejaoui Nejla , Bachouche Samir , Badis Abdelmalek , Annane Rachid , Djellali Mostapha , Sadok Saloua , Jaouadi Bassem
Published: December 2021

The diversity of marine biomasses is a set of exploitable and renewable resources with application in several sectors. In this context, a co-culture based on three protease-producing bacterial isolates namely; Aeribacillus pallidus VP3, Lysinibacillus fusiformis C250R, and Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis M1V strains, was carried out in a medium based on the blue swimming crab Portunus segnis bio-waste. Proteases production was optimized using a central composite design (CCD). The highest level of proteases production obtained was 8,809 U/mL in a medium comprising 75 g/L of Portunus segnis by-product powder (Pspp). The biological value of Pspp and its obtained derivates were evidenced via accredited protocols. The recovered protein hydrolysate (PHyd) was found to be active towards radical scavenging power, and against angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). The blue crab chitin (BC) extraction efficiency was achieved with a yield of 32%. Afterward, chitosan was prepared through chitin N-deacetylation with a yield of 52%, leading to an acetylation degree (AD) of 19% and solubility of 90%. In addition, chitosan is found to be active against the growth of all pathogenic bacteria tested.
Radioepidemiological studies in the Urals: outcomes and future directions
Authors: Akleyev A. V. , Degteva M. O. , Krestinina L. Yu.
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the key milestones and outcomes of 65-year studies of the carcinogenic consequences of accidental radiation exposure of the population of the Urals region. The radioactive contamination of the Techa River and the 1957accident at the Mayak PA were the reasons for the long-term exposure of the population at a wide range of doses. The most important tasks of the study were the reconstruction of individual doses, follow-up of the health and life status of cohort members. The research results have shown that chronic human exposure, in comparison to acute exposure, does not reduce the risk of developing malignant tumors and leukemias, and the value of the dose-rate factor does not exceed “one”. Thus, according to our data, the current recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection underestimate the radiation risk of malignant tumors and leukemias in case of chronic exposure of the population by a factor of two. Prospects for further radio-epidemiological studies in the Urals are associated with the analysis of the cohort of Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation (SUPER), which includes about 63 thousand exposed people and makes it possible to assess the radiation risk of solid cancers of certain localizations, certain types of leukemia, and non-cancer effects.
Analysis of patient medical exposure in X-ray diagnostics in Russia for half a century (1970–2019)
Authors: Kalnitsky S. A. , Tselikov N. V.
Published: December 2021

During last 50 years, firstly in the RSFSR in the USSR (1970-80), then in the Russian Federation - RF (1990-2019), the authors studied the radiation safety issues of patients from medical exposure. The reader is offered a complex radiation-hygienic analysis of the 50-year medical exposure of patients and of the population in Russia to inform and analyze the available data on the most common type of use of ionizing radiation sources in the national economy. For a half century, several generations of people have changed and medical diagnostic X-ray equipment and technologies have also radically changed. The information from this article was obtained on the basis of radiation-hygienic statistics, as well as considered our research. The data is presented at the federal level in the form of the volume of research carried out- determined by the number of X-ray procedures, as well as the level of medical exposure in the form of effective dose of patients in Russia - a huge region with a population of about 150 million people, where about 200 million X-Ray procedures were performed annually, i.e. about 10 billion X-Ray procedures for the entire observation period. During the study, a collective effective dose was - 6.5 million person-Sv at the rate of 100 thousand person-Sv and more per year. The paper presents the dynamics and the structure of the studied indicators depending on the type of medical exposure, as well as its localization. The contribution of the X-ray diagnostics to the total volume of radiation diagnostics, which is developing dynamically, is presented. It was found that throughout the study, there were two oppositely directed processes: an increase in the number of X-Ray procedures and a decrease in the effective doses of patients. At present, the minimum dose has been reached, after that it has been increasing began, associated with the use of new computer technologies. It was determined that, depending on the localization, the main radiation load during X-ray procedures falls on the skeleton and digestive organs. It is shown that during the study period (in 1986) there was an accident at the Chernobyl, which significantly affected on medical activities and, in particular, X-ray diagnostic indicators. The paper shows the consequences of these situations. In general, the data presented is huge in volume and significant in information content. The information obtained on the basis of such a unique data is representative and allows, firstly, to analytically study the issues of radiation protection of patients and, secondly, to plan the strategy and tactics of its development.
The determinants of Islamic social reporting disclosure and its impact on the profitability of sharia banks
Authors: Mubarok Sultan Mubarok
Published: December 2021

Purpose - This study aims to determine of disclosure level of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) and its impact on profitability at Sharia Commercial Bank in Indonesia.Method - This study uses Good Corporate Governance (GCG), which is proxied with self-assessment, number of commissioners, and number of Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS), financial is proxied with company size, company age, DER, Social Cost, BOPO, FDR, and NPF. Profitability is proxied with ROA and ROE. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling method. There are 12 Sharia Banks that meet the criteria of the study sample period 2013-2017.The result - The results showed that: first, GCG hurt ISR. Second, financial factors have a positive effect on ISR. Third, GCG negative affects profitability; the greater the number of commissioners and DPS will have an impact on the material costs of the Bank. Fourth, financial factors have a positive effect on profitability. Fifth, ISR hurts profitability. Sixth, ISR mediates the relationship between GCG and financial factors with profitability.Implication  - This study helps sharia banks to maintain Islamic Social Reporting as a tool to get stakeholders’ trustOriginality -  This study uses a corporate social responsibility report, which also presents the aspect of religiosity.
The effect of work motivation on performance with job satisfaction as an intervening variable in the Faculty of Economics and Business, UIN Walisongo Semarang
Authors: Nurudin Nurudin
Published: December 2021

Purpose – This study aims to determine the effect of work motivation on performance with job satisfaction as an intervening variable.Method – The population in this study were all employees at the Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business UIN Walisongo Semarang with a total sample of 58 respondents. The analysis in this study uses path analysis technique.Result – The results showed that work motivation had a significant effect on job satisfaction, work motivation had a significant effect on performance and job satisfaction variables had a significant effect on performance. The results of the path analysis conducted showed that work motivation had a direct effect on employee performance, while work motivation had an indirect effect on performance through intervening work.Implication – This study assists the management of higher education to create working design for a better performance.Originality – This study enriches the empirical study of job performance in higher education context in Indonesia.
Factors affecting public housing credit choice of sharia property developer in Central Java
Authors: Lailyah Nurzahroh
Published: December 2021

Purpose – This study analyses the various factors that affect the probability of consumers choosing public housing credit (PHC) of Sharia Property Developer (SPD) in Central Java.Method – The data of this study are primary data obtained through questionnaires to 252 people from a population of 1,269 PHC SPD consumers in Central Java (Boyolali Regency, Magelang Regency, Pati Regency, Semarang City, and Wonosobo Regency). Furthermore, consumer data were analysed using a binary logit regression model with SPSS software.Result – The results of this study state that the variable price and religiosity have a significant negative effect on the probability of choosing a PHC in Islamic Property Developer. In comparison, the variables of income, location, and facilities do not significantly affect the likelihood of selecting a PHC on a Sharia Property Developer. Wonosobo Regency is the region with the most significant probability of choosing a PHC on a Sharia Property Developer compared to Boyolali, Pati, Magelang, and Semarang City Regencies. Meanwhile, Pati Regency is the region with the least probability of choosing a PHC as a Sharia Property Developer. Implication – The Central Java SPD can use the finding of this research to consider the evaluation and improvement of PHC products in the future. So that consumers do not turn to competitors, have more confidence, and are satisfied with Sharia Property Developer services.Originality – The originality of this research lies in the object under study, test analysis, and research location.
Significance of fin tip temperature on the heat transfer rate and thermal efficiency of a convective-radiative rectangular fin with variable thermal conductivity
Authors: Sobamowo M. G. , Adeleye O. A. , Yinusa A. A. , Oyekeye M. O. , Waheed M. A.
Published: December 2021

In this work, effect of fin tip temperature on the rate of heat transfer and thermal efficiency of a rectangular convective-radiative fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity is analyzed using differential transformation method. The results of the power series solutions are verified numerically, and very good agreements are established. Also, the symbolic solutions are used to examine the effects of the conductive-convective and nonlinear thermal conductivity parameters on the thermal performance of the passive device. It is found that when the nonlinear thermal conductivity parameter increases, the fin tip temperature increases. However, the temperature at the tip of the fin decreases as the conductive-convective parameter increases. The thermal efficiency of the fin increases as the fin tip temperature and nonlinear thermal conductivity parameters are augmented but an increase conductive-convective parameter causes the fin tip temperature and the thermal efficiency of the extended surface to reduce. An increase in the conductive-convective parameter causes decrease the temperature distribution and thermal efficiency in the passive device. However, the efficiency of the fin increases as the nonlinear thermal conductivity parameter increases. When nonlinear thermal conductivity and conductive-convective parameters increase, the rate of heat transfer at the fin base increases. The developed analytical solutions provide a good platform for the nonlinear thermal analysis of the fin and proper design of the extended surfaces in thermal systems.
SEREBRAL PALSİLİ ÇOCUKLARDA ORAL MOTOR VE YUTMA BOZUKLUKLARI İLE İLİŞKİLİ ÖZELLİKLERİN İNCELENMESİ: TANIMLAYICI BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: İNAL Özgü , SEREL ARSLAN Selen , DEMIR Numan , KARADUMAN Aynur Ayşe
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Serebral Palsili (SP) çocuklarda oral motor problemler ve yutma bozukluğu yaygın olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, SP’li çocukların oral motor ve yutma bozukluğu ile ilgili tanımlayıcı özelliklerini incelemek amacı ile planlandı.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma, yaş ortalaması 70.35±28.30 ay olan 90 SP’li çocuk (39 kız, 51 erkek) ile gerçekleştirildi. Motor fonksiyonel seviye için Kaba Motor Fonksiyon Sınıflandırma Sistemi (KMFSS) kullanıldı. Dil itme şiddetinin değerlendirilmesi için Dil İtme Derecelendirme Ölçeği (TTRS), salya problemi için Salya Şiddet ve Frekans Ölçeği, çiğneme performans seviyesi için Karaduman Çiğneme Performans Ölçeği (KCPS) ve yutma bozukluğu için Pediatrik Yeme Değerlendirme Aracı (PEDI-EAT-10) kullanıldı.

Sonuçlar: KMFSS’ye göre çocukların % 55,6'sı seviye V düzeyindeydi. Çocukların %87,8'inde patolojik dil itme refleksi vardı. Ortalama PEDI-EAT-10 skoru 15,42±11,41 idi. SP’li çocukların %87,8'inde çiğneme bozukluğu ve % 87,8'inde salya problemi saptandı. GMFCS düzeyi, klinik SP tipi, open mouth varlığı, besin kıvamı ve pnömoni sayısı tüm oral motor ve yutma değerlendirmeleri ile korelasyon gösterdi (p
TÜRKİYE’DE FİZYOTERAPİ VE REHABİLİTASYON ALANINDA YAPILAN DOKTORA TEZLERİNİN TEMATİK ve METODOLOJİK AÇIDAN İNCELENMESİ ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ
Authors: ÇINAR Murat Ali , TURHAN Begümhan , BADAT Tuğba , BAYRAMLAR Kezban , YAKUT Yavuz
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Doktora eğitimi, her mesleğin gelişiminde olduğu gibi fizyoterapi mesleğinin gelişimi için de oldukça önemlidir. Bu araştırma Türkiye’de fizyoterapi alanında yapılan doktora tezlerinin tematik ve metodolojik açıdan özelliklerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma kapsamında Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu’nun “Ulusal Tez Merkezi” resmi web sitesinde yer alan Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon alanında yapılan tezler tarandı. 1971 yılı ile 15 Ekim 2020 tarihleri arasında fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon alanında yapılan ve Yükseköğretim Kurumu elektronik tez arşivinde kayıtlı olan 422 doktora tezi incelenmiştir. Tezleri incelemede araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen tez inceleme formu kullanılmıştır.

Sonuçlar: Türkiye’de fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon alanında doktora eğitimi verilen üniversite sayısı 19’dur. Doktora eğitimi veren 4 vakıf üniversitesi bulunmaktadır. İncelenen doktora tezlerinde, tez danışmanlarının %81 (n=341) profesör unvanına sahip olduğu belirlendi. Yapılan tezlerin örneklem sayı aralığının 8-1563 arasında değiştiği gözlendi. Alanlar açısından tezlere bakıldığında, en fazla tezin nöroloji alanında yapıldığı görüldü. Tüm araştırmacıların 329’unun kadın (%78), 93’ünün (%22) de erkek olduğu belirlendi.

Tartışma: Doktora eğitimi alan ya da alacak olan fizyoterapi öğrencilerinin tez konusu seçiminde Yükseköğretim Kurulunun belirlemiş olduğu öncelikli alanlar ile ulusal ve uluslararası kabul gören alanları dikkate almalarının önemli olduğu görüşündeyiz. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmanın ileride yapılacak olan doktora tezlerinin niteliğini arttırmaya katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
A method of testing relay protection and automation involving exposure to cascading effects for improved power supply reliability and electric power system stability
Authors: Koniukhov A. M. , Khlebnov A. V. , Timanov V. A.
Published: December 2021

The Aim of the paper is to show that improved power supply reliability and electric power system stability are achieved by applying new methods of testing relay protection and automation (RPaA). Major cascading failures in electric power systems are caused by cascading effects, i.e., effects involving several successive effects of various nature. Cascading effects allow extending the functionality while testing RP&A and taking into account the time factor in the context of effects of various nature. Method. A method is proposed for testing relay protection and automation taking into account the cascading effect that is used in the process of development, calibration and installation of protection devices for operation in predefined modes for the purpose of improved power supply reliability and unfailing stability of electric power systems. Result. Intermittent cascading effects do not allow the relay protection and automation recover the electric power system from the post-emergency mode, thus reducing the dynamic stability to the critical level. The diagram of relay protection and automation exposure allows taking into consideration the environmental effects in the process of testing the relay protection and automation. Conclusion. The proposed method of cascading exposure as part of testing relay protection and automation can be used in the process of development, calibration and installation of electric power systems protection and will enable improved stability of electric power systems and reliability of power supply.
Evaluation of the effect of JSC RZD transportation infrastructure availability on the risks of losses in the process of transportation
Authors: Gorelik A. V. , Malykh A. N. , Orlov A. V.
Published: December 2021

Aim. The availability of transportation infrastructure facilities affects the quality of the transportation services provided by JSC RZD. At the same time, this effect may significantly differ depending on the operating conditions of the transportation infrastructure or a specific railway line and can cause various degrees of risk of damage to the transportation process. Such risks are defined as risks of train-hour losses due to transportation infrastructure failures. Planning dependability management activities under conditions of scarce resources requires targeted identification of the transportation infrastructure facilities whose availability most significantly affects the magnitude of the risks of damage to the transportation process. The aim of the paper is to develop a method for evaluating daily availability and identifying its correlation with the risk of train-hour losses. Methods. The authors used the methods of risk management, probability theory and mathematical statistics, correlation and regression analysis. Results. The paper suggests representing the daily availability indicator of JSC RZD’s transportation infrastructure facilities as a two-parameter gamma distribution and describing its effect on the risks of the transportation process with a regression model. Conclusions. The paper’s findings can be used as part of transportation infrastructure dependability planning and targeted allocation of resources, as well as for substantiating the dependability indicator when evaluating the practical capacity of railway lines and utilization ratio and in a number of other operational tasks.
Self-determination of Siberian student youth in the modern cultural and historical situation
Authors: Razumov Vladimir I. , Skosyreva Nina D.
Published: December 2021

The article is a response to the publication of A. V. Ivanov, Yu. V. Popkov “Spiritual and ecological civilizational perspective: the value potential of the value potential of young people in the Siberian context” (journal «Siberian socium», no. 1, 2021). The authors made an attempt to analyze the article devoted to an urgent problem — the identification of value orientations of modern youth in the context of a new civilizational transformation. During the discussion of the article, attention is focused on the analysis of the current situation in which the formation of youth is taking place; characterization of the historical challenge for the entire modern society and the specifics of the required response from young people. Particular attention is paid to the thesis of the article that youth will be the main subject of the civilizational transformation of Siberia. An assessment is given to the statement about the uniqueness of Siberia, taking into account the requirements of scientific rationality. The topic of the presence and preparedness of an active subject of mankind’s transition from a technogenic-consumer to a noospheric civilization is discussed. The sections of the research “Assessment of strategic guidelines of global civilizational development and the possibility of personal participation in it”, “Assessment of the role of Siberia and Siberians in the formation of the foundations of the spiritual and ecological development prospects” are analyzed. Revealing the characteristics of modern youth in the context of the Siberian future, the authors cite for comparison the results of their own research conducted in 2020 among students of the Omsk State Agrarian University, during which 1,600 respondents were interviewed. The urgency of the problem being analyzed is emphasized, the value of such studies is shown, on the basis of which project activities should unfold, a management culture of various processes that attract labor resources, and primarily young people, should be formed. The analysis of the article by A. V. Ivanov, Yu. V. Popkov led to the conviction that the potential of Siberian youth, provided it is adequately developed, will give a significant positive effect for the successful course of transformations in the Russian Federation and in the international context. There is an urgent issue of attracting young people to Siberia and ensuring their stay. In this sense, two perspectives of interest in Siberia are determined — this is a situation when Siberia becomes an object of study, Siberia can also be considered a territory where subjects are formed that are able to generate meanings of interest outside the region.
Non-formal education resources for the “professions of the future”
Authors: Kicherova Marina N. , Zyuban Evgeniy V. , Efimova Galina Z. , Muslimova Ekaterina O.
Published: December 2021

This article reveals the opportunities and limitations of non-formal education for mastering professions of the future. The authors note that the transition to high-technology economy is accompanied by the rapid development of new areas of work. The dynamics of the modern world requires a quick response, the need for constant updating of knowledge and skills is growing, the importance of formal diplomas in the labor market is decreasing (inflation of credentialism), and the role of non-formal education is increasing. The purpose of the research presented in this article is to identify promising areas of professional activity in a high-tech economy and the potential of non-formal education for mastering the professions of the future. The authors conducted a qualitative content analysis of job search sites, illustrating the indicators of demand for the professions of the future in different countries, the key skills required for these professions, the resources of formal and non-formal education for mastering these professions. An empirical study was carried out using the survey method (N = 1388, the age of the respondents was from 18 to 80 years old, data analysis was made by using SPSS), conducted in Russia, revealing involvement in non-formal education. The novelty of the study derives from the role of non-formal education, which prevails in mastering the professions of the future: the absolute majority (85%) use non-formal education for retraining, gaining knowledge in related fields. According to the results of the study, it was found that the range of professions of the future reflects uneven post-industrial transition in different countries, in Russia the role of non-formal education as an element of life-long learning is rising. The authors conclude that the labor market, where the professions of the future are represented, will not be characterized by credentialism; individual learning paths based on non-formal education will dominate in mastering these professions.
Comparative Genomics and Evolution of Avian Specialized Traits
Authors: Wu Lei , Jiao Xiaolu , Zhang Dezhi , Cheng Yalin , Song Gang , Qu Yanhua , Lei Fumin
Published: December 2021

Genomic data are important for understanding the origin and evolution of traits. Under the context of rapidly developing sequencing technologies and more widely available genome sequences, researchers are able to study evolutionary mechanisms of traits via comparative genomic methods. Compared with other vertebrates, bird genomes are relatively small and exhibit conserved synteny with few repetitive elements, which makes them suitable for evolutionary studies. Increasing genomic progress has been reported on the evolution of powered flight, body size variation, beak morphology, plumage coloration, high-elevation colonization, migration, and vocalization. By summarizing previous studies, we demonstrate the genetic bases of trait evolution, highlighting the roles of small-scale sequence variation, genomic structural variation, and changes in gene interaction networks. We suggest that future studies should focus on improving the quality of reference genomes, exploring the evolution of regulatory elements and networks, and combining genomic data with morphological, ecological, behavioral, and developmental biology data.
The Importance of Tissue Sanctuaries and Cellular Reservoirs of HIV-1
Authors: Cory Theodore James , Kalada William
Published: December 2021

Purpose of Review:

There have been significant developments in the treatment of people
living with HIV-1/AIDS with current antiretroviral therapies; however, these developments
have not been able to achieve a functional or sterilizing cure for HIV-1. While there are multiple
barriers, one such barrier is the existence of pharmacological sanctuaries and viral reservoirs where
the concentration of antiretrovirals is suboptimal, which includes the gut-associated lymphoid tissue,
central nervous system, lymph nodes, and myeloid cells. This review will focus on illustrating
the significance of these sanctuaries, specific barriers to optimal antiretroviral concentrations in
each of these sites, and potential strategies to overcome these barriers.

Recent Findings:

Research and studies have shown that a uniform antiretroviral distribution is not
achieved with current therapies. This may allow low-level replication associated with low antiretroviral
concentrations in these sanctuaries/reservoirs. Many methods are being investigated to increase
antiretroviral concentrations in these sites, such as blocking transporting enzymes functions,
modulating transporter expression and nanoformulations of current antiretrovirals. While these
methods have been shown to increase antiretroviral concentrations in the sanctuaries/reservoirs, no
functional or sterilizing cure has been achieved due to these approaches.

New methods of increasing antiretroviral concentrations at the specific sites of HIV-1
replication has the potential to target cellular reservoirs. In order to optimize antiretroviral distribution
into viral sanctuaries/reservoirs, additional research is needed.
Protecting Superfood Olive Crop from Pests and Pathogens Using Image
Processing Techniques: A Review
Authors: Sisodiya Smita , Sinha Aditya , Debnath Mousumi , Shekhawat Rajveer , Shekhawat Surinder Singh
Published: December 2021

Background:

Olive (Oleo europaea L.) cultivars are widely cultivated all over the
world. However, they are often attacked by pests and pathogens. This deteriorates the quality of
the crop, leading to less yield of olive oil. The different infections that cause comparable disease
symptoms on olive leaves can be classified using image processing techniques.

Objective:

The olive has established itself as a superfood and a possible source of medicine, owing
to the rapid increase in the availability of data in the field of nutrigenomics. The goal of this
review is to underline the importance of applying image processing techniques to detect and
classify diseases early.

Method:

PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were used to conduct a systematic literature
search using the keywords olive oil, pest and pathogen of olives, and metabolic profiling.

Results:

Infections caused by infectious diseases frequently result in significant losses and lowquality
olive oil yields. Early detection of disease infestations can safeguard the olive plant and
its yield.

Results:

This strategy can help protect the crop from disease spread, and early detection and
classification of the disease can aid in prompt prophylaxis of diseased olive plants before the
disease worsens. Protecting olive plants from pests and pathogens can help keep the yield and
quality of olive oil consistent.
Risk Management Strategies in Construction Organizations
Authors: Alhammadi Shabbab Ajami , Tayeh Bassam A. , Alaloul Wesam S. , Salem Tareq J.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Construction projects are among the riskiest businesses due to the number of factors involved that are difficult to control; hence, the popularity of risk management as part of the decision-making process in construction organizations is increasing. Despite the advancements, there are various risks involved that lead to project failure.

Aim:

Thus, this study aims to assess the risk management strategies in construction organizations in the Gaza Strip, Palestine.

Methods:

Seventy questionnaires were distributed after subjecting them to pretesting and pilot study that confirmed the validity and reliability of the questions. The target respondents included engineers and consultants from the construction organizations, Ministry of Works and Housing, and international agencies. The questionnaire was retrieved with a 65.71% response rate.

Results:

Results indicated that the most popular method of risk factor determination in the Gaza Strip is the “checklist” (RII=84%). For tools/methods of risk analysis, relying on experience in the direct assessment is the most prominent, with an RII of 78%. For the methods of avoiding risk before the project implementation, dependence on experience in the work for preparing and planning was ranked highest (having RII of 81.6%). Finally, follow-up on the implementation to avoid rework, with an RII of 77.6%, was ranked highest among other factors of avoiding risk during the construction projects implementation.

Conclusion:

This study highlights the key risk management strategies that will be beneficial for the construction industry stakeholders to resolve the unwanted risk failures in the construction industry.
Family care model development in treating schizophrenia patients that have self-deficit nursing based system
Authors: Amir Faisal , Suhron M. , Sulaihah Sitti
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop a family care model in treating schizophrenia patients who experience self-deficit based on the nursing system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Explanatory research design with cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were all families of schizophrenic patients in two mental health institutions in Bangkalan, Indonesia with a total sample of 72 families. The research instrument used was a re-control checklist sheet and a questionnaire about family factors and conditioning factors, nursing system, and self-deficit observations. Data analysis was performed using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) using PLS (partial least square) software. Family factors affect Nursing System with a value (T-statistic 2.079), the conditioning factor affects Nursing System with a value (T-statistic 24,827), and Nursing System affects the Self Deficit with a value (T-statistic 4,104). Family factors and Conditioning factors make a major contribution in influencing the nursing system so that the nursing system has a significant impact on the self-care process in schizophrenic patients who experience self-deficit.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Biji Tanaman Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas. L) Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Hepar dan Kadar SGPT (Serum Glutamic Piruvic Transaminase) pada Tikus (Rattus norvergicus)
Authors: Fitria Neny , Pratiwi Herlina , Widodo Edwin , Primajayanti Angelia , Anggraini Novia Dwi , Nurfitriani Nurfitriani , Findi Nadia
Published: December 2021

Jarak Pagar atau Jatropha curcas L merupakan tanaman famili Eurphobiaceae dengan kegunaan secara medis dan non medis, diantaranya yaitu sebagai kontrasepsi oral. Bagian Jarak Pagar yang sering dimanfaatkan adalah bagian biji. Namun, Jarak Pagar juga mengandung saponin, phorbol ester, kursin, tanin yang dapat menyebabkan keracunan organ. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak biji Jarak Pagar terhadap histopatologi hati dan kadar SGPT tikus Rattus Norvegicus, dengan menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hewan coba dibagi dalam 4 kelompok, setiap kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus betina. Kelompok tersebut yaitu kelompok kontrol tanpa perlakuan dan kelompok perlakuan per oral ekstrak biji Jarak Pagar pada dosis 10, 50, dan 100 mg/kg BB. Proses induksi dilakukan setiap hari selama 14 hari, pada hari ke-15 dilakukan nekropsi. Organ hati diambil untuk analisis histologi dan sampel darah diambil untuk mengukur kadar SGPT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak biji Jarak Pagar dapat meningkatkan kadar SGPT. Pemberian ekstrak biji Jarak Pagar pada dosis 100 mg/kg berat badan menginduksi kerusakan hepatosit paling parah di antara kelompok perlakuan.
Land dispute as an object of arbitration process
Authors:   M. A. Magomedova Dagestan State University, Magomedova M. A.
Published: December 2021

In the current legislation of the Russian Federation, there is no concept of a land dispute, which causes difficulties in determining the competence of an arbitration court in cases in which the object of the dispute is land. The article analyzes the general legal concept of a dispute and the sectoral concept of a land dispute developed by scientists. The author identified the characteristic features of a land dispute and its structural elements. The work reveals the influence of the structural elements of the land dispute on the type of production in which the dispute will be considered. In addition, the author concludes that the correct definition of the structural elements of the land dispute enables the arbitration court to determine the appropriate persons participating in the case, the subject of proof, the relevance and admissibility of evidence, and ultimately make a lawful and wellgrounded court decision.
To the question about the possibility of use artificial intelligence technologies in justice
Authors:   A. S. Anisimova  Saratov State Law Academy, Anisimova A. S. , Spiridonova M. P. ,   M. P. Spiridonova Saratov State Law Academy
Published: December 2021

Modern trends in the development of digital technologies indicate their increasing penetration into various spheres of human activity. One of these technologies is artificial intelligence, the capabilities of which are beginning to be used in justice. Despite the fact that in Russia the technology under consideration has not yet found its proper reflection in practice, in a number of countries it is quite actively used (France, the Netherlands, Argentina, Estonia). The question of using the capabilities of artificial intelligence in justice is treated differently, and therefore the article highlights the positive and negative aspects of the use of artificial intelligence technologies in justice. On the basis of the conducted research, it is indicated that it is necessary to determine the boundaries of the use of technologies in judicial activity, in particular, it is concluded that it is impossible to use them in criminal proceedings due to the specifics of their consideration, as well as in family cases and cases of compensation for non-pecuniary damage; and the expediency of using it is justified when considering cases in the order of writ, special proceedings, as well as categories of cases of administrative offenses that allow automatic consideration.
The Commissioner for human rights and his role in the protection of rights and freedoms
Authors:   A. Ch. Chupanova  Dagestan State University, Chupanova A. Ch. , Koymurzayeva K. A. ,   K. A. Koymurzayeva Dagestan State University
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to the study of the place and role of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the system of state authorities of the Russian Federation. It also analyzes its special legal status, effectiveness in exercising control over the observance of legitimate interests and restoration of violated rights, current problems of the development of the institution of the Commissioner for Human Rights and measures to resolve them, and provides statistical data. The Commissioner is a special specialized state body with independence and autonomy. It is a connecting element between the state and society and one of the main features of a democratic state governed by the rule of law. The relevance of the topic under study is due to the importance and necessity of protecting human rights and freedoms associated with the formation and development of public life, the construction of the rule of law and civil society. The scientific novelty consists in the study of the problems of the functioning of the institution of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation and the development of proposals for their resolution.
Administrative legal proceedings in Russia and foreign countries: a comparative legal analysis
Authors:   S. N. Keramova Dagestan State University, Keramova S. N.
Published: December 2021

The article provides a comparative legal analysis of the administrative proceedings in Russia and foreign countries: France, Germany, Great Britain, USA, Italy, Spain, Switzerland. The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the need to identify the existing shortcomings of administrative court proceedings in Russia and possible ways to eliminate them, as well as the ongoing reforms of administrative court proceedings in the country. The advantages and disadvantages of the administrative proceedings of these countries and Russia are indicated, changes in the system of bodies carrying out administrative proceedings are proposed. The result of the study is the formulation of conclusions on improving administrative legislation using the experience of foreign countries, as well as on the need to create specialized courts in Russia, which will contribute to a narrower qualification of judges, high-quality dispute resolution, as reduce the burden on courts of general jurisdiction
On the specifics of implementation control of the turnover of official weapons private security organizations
Authors:   A. К. Khalifaeva Dagestan State University, Khalifaeva A. К. , Radzhabova A. S. ,   A. S. Radzhabova Department of the Russian Guard for the Republic of Dagesta
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the control of the license - the permitting work of the Russian Guard over the circulation of weapons in the field of private security activities. The author analyzes the main legal sources, as well as suggests some changes to the existing legal acts.
Some features of democratization of the state-political system in the Republics of the North Caucasus in the post-soviet period
Authors:   M. M. Aibatov Dagestan State University, Aibatov M. M.
Published: December 2021

This article reveals the features and main trends of the process of democratization of the statepolitical system in the North Caucasus republics in the post-Soviet period. It is noted that the state-political systems of the North Caucasus republics are characterized by both democratic and authoritarian tendencies. The author emphasizes that in recent decades, the opportunities for democratic change of the political elite in the North Caucasus region have been significantly limited, which is primarily due to changes in legislation at the Russian and regional levels, primarily related to the actual abolition of direct national elections of heads of republics and municipalities. The national republics of the North Caucasus are characterized by a high concentration of power in the hands of top officials, which is due to the poorly established work of government bodies with appeals from citizens, the inefficiency of public chambers, the underdevelopment of the middle class, the unstructured civil society, and the lack of an effective multi-party system that can form a real opposition.