bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring potential uses of insect frass for agricultural production considering its nutrients, and chemical and microbiological safety
Authors: Safitri R.A. , Vandeweyer D. , Deruytter D. , Meijer N. , Coudron C.L. , Banach J.L. , van der Fels-Klerx H.J.
Published: November 2024

Insect rearing for food and feed has seen a sharp increase in Europe and is expected to grow further. Exploring the potential use of insect by-products like frass is crucial to improving the economic feasibility and circularity of the insect industry. This review study explores the potential uses of frass in agricultural applications by considering frass contents (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and other compounds that have the potential to improve plant health) as well as chemical and microbiological safety. To this end, literature has been reviewed, and frass samples have been analysed. Our results showed that from the available data on frass contents, frass has fertilizing product potentials, such as fertilizer and biostimulants. Data on the occurrence of chemical and microbiological contaminants in frass are limited. However, the available data suggest that contamination depends on the feed substrates, type of contaminants, and insect species. These potential food safety hazards include mycotoxins, dioxins, heavy metals, pesticide residues, veterinary drugs and human food-borne pathogens (e.g. Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp.). Therefore, frass application in agricultural activities raises a concern whether such hazards will transfer and accumulate in crops and the environment (e.g. soil, water); studies on this topic are still limited. Considering this possible safety risk, it is important to establish proper mitigation strategies. Further research is needed to fill data gaps for hazard prioritisation and risk assessment, e.g. on the occurrence of hazards in frass (of different species reared on various feed substrates) and the fate of these hazards in crops and the environment following frass application. Finally, studies on frass valorisation will benefit from a holistic approach covering multiple topics, including safety, economic, and environmental impacts.
Barkeria wixarika (Laeliinae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae), a new species from Nayarit, Mexico
Authors: LEÓN-PERALTA CEKOUAT E. , JONES JASON , REYNAUD SERGIO , PÉREZ-GARCÍA EDUARDO A.
Published: November 2024

Barkeria wixarika is described from Nayarit, Mexico. This new species is morphologically similar to B. uniflora but distinct in its flowering phenology, inflorescence type, petal shape, column morphology, and geographic distribution. Detailed comparisons with related species, including digital plates along with a map highlighting the distribution of the novel species in relation to others are presented. Finally, an updated identification key for Barkeria is provided.
Фразеология русского говора старообрядцев в Польше
Authors: Grupa-Dolińska Magdalena
Published: November 2024

The aim of this book is to analyse the multilingual phraseological material recorded in the speech of the Old Believers living in Poland. The main task set by the author is to determine the possible origin of individual phraseological units, i.e. to identify which language the units were most likely taken from: Russian, Polish, Belarusian, German or Lithuanian. The units recorded were also analysed in terms of their semantics and structure. The results of the study indicate that the dialect of the Old Believers, despite the presence of foreign elements, has preserved a relatively rich stock of native Russian phraseology, but the units in question function mainly in the speech of representatives of the older generation. An analysis of the changes that have been taking place in recent years makes it possible to conclude that the Polish language is gradually replacing the Russian dialect in practically every sphere of communication (this applies particularly to lexical and phraseological resources).
Comparison of topical potassium hydroxide 5% solution with cryotherapy in the treatment of patients with genital warts: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Javame Ghazvini Fateme , Yazdanpanah Mohammad Javad , Nahidi Yalda , Torabi Shatila , Ganjali Raheleh , Mohammadpour Amir Hoshang , Ghasemi Seyyedeh Zahra
Published: November 2024

Background

Given the therapeutic challenge of wart treatment and the need for an ideal treatment that is effective, noninvasive, cost-effective, and has minimal side effects, this study aims to compare the local impact of a 5% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution with cryotherapy, the current standard treatment for genital warts.

Methods

Two groups, each consisting of 49 patients: the first group was treated with a daily topical application of 5% KOH solution using a swab, while the second group underwent cryotherapy in two 5–20 s freeze-thaw cycles. Before treatment, patient demographic data and number of lesions were recorded. Follow-up visits were conducted at four-week intervals for 12 weeks, during which the number of lesions, time to complete recovery, and skin-related side effects were examined and recorded, ensuring comprehensive data collection.

Results

A total of 98 patients (average age: 28.40 ± 7.34 years), 55 cases (55.1%) being female and 43 cases (43.9%) being male. Importantly, there was no significant difference in terms of gender ( p = .684), education ( p = .533), and marital status ( p = .703) between the two study groups. Further, no significant difference in previous infection history ( p = .493) and partner infection ( p = .098) was identified. There was no significant difference in terms of treatment response ( p = .510) and relapse ( p < .999) between the two KOH and cryotherapy study groups.

Conclusion

The study found no significant differences in treatment response, relapse rates, or side effects between using 5% potassium hydroxide solution and cryotherapy for genital wart treatment. These findings suggest that both modalities offer comparable efficacy and safety profiles, providing clinicians with valuable options in tailoring treatment approaches for patients with genital warts.
Cardiovascular Benefits and Safety Profile of Macrolide Maintenance Therapy in Patients with Bronchiectasis
Authors: Guo Ran , Wat Dennis , Lam Steven Ho Man , Bucci Tommaso , Tsang Christopher Tze-Wei , Cai An-Ping , Chan Yap-Hang , Ren Qing-Wen , Huang Jia-Yi , Zhang Jing-Nan , Gu Wen-Li , Zhu Ching-Yan , Hung Yik-Ming , Frost Freddy , Lip Gregory Y.H. , Yiu Kai-Hang
Published: November 2024

Background

Macrolide maintenance therapy (MMT) has demonstrated notable efficacy in reducing exacerbation in patients with bronchiectasis, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events. However, a comprehensive assessment of the cardiovascular benefits and safety profile of MMT in this population is lacking.

Methods

This territory-wide cohort study analyzed patients diagnosed with bronchiectasis in Hong Kong between 2001 and 2018. Patients were classified as MMT receivers or macrolide non-receivers based on the administration of MMT. Propensity score (PS) matching was employed for confounding factors adjustment. The primary outcome of interest was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke. The safety outcome was the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias or sudden cardiac death. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was utilized to compare the incidence of outcomes across the two groups.

Results

A total of 22 895 patients with bronchiectasis were identified. Following 1:2 PS matching, the final cohort consisted of 3137 individuals, with 1123 MMT receivers and 2014 macrolide non-receivers. MMT administration was associated with a significant reduced risk of MACE (16.38versus24.11 events per 1000 person years; HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.52–0.90). Importantly, the use of MMT was not associated with elevated risk of ventricular arrhythmias or sudden cardiac death (7.17versus7.67 events per 1000 person years; HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.60–1.44).

Conclusions

The administration of MMT in patients with bronchiectasis was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of MACE, without any evidence suggesting an increased risk of severe arrhythmia-related adverse events.
Neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives
Authors: Crowley Louise Elizabeth , Stockley Robert Andrew , Thickett David Richard , Dosanjh Davinder , Scott Aaron , Parekh Dhruv
Published: November 2024

The shared pathobiological mechanisms driving progressive fibrosis in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) remain unclear. Neutrophils, the most common immune cells in the human body, contain an extensive array of proteinases that are important for cell function, including tissue repair and remodelling. Increasing observational studies have reported elevated neutrophil counts in the respiratory tract and circulation of patients with ILD and suggest a role as a biomarker of disease severity. Neutrophils and their contents (including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)) are present in fibrotic lung tissue. Proteinases and NETs may drive fibrogenesis in animal andin vitromodels and may impact transforming growth factor-β1 activation. However, the effect of neutrophil action, whether reparative or pathologically destructive to the delicate lung architecture, has yet to be determined. This review aims to summarise the current literature surrounding the potential role of the neutrophil as a biomarker and contributor to the pathogenesis of ILD. There is currently a paucity of treatment options in ILD driven by the knowledge gap underlying the overall disease mechanisms. This review concludes that neutrophils warrant further evaluation as manipulation of recruitment and function could provide a novel and much needed therapeutic strategy.
The impact of early adversity on later life health, lifestyle, and cognition
Authors: Künzi Morgane , Gheorghe D. A. , Gallacher J. , Bauermeister S.
Published: November 2024

Background

Early life adversity has been shown to have long-lasting detrimental effects on a variety of biopsychosocial outcomes. Early adversity and its consequences may directly or indirectly affect cognitive aging and increase the risk of developing dementia in older age. Investigating the biopsychosocial outcomes associated with early adverse experiences is essential to inform health policies and promote healthy cognitive development across the life course.

Methods

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of early adversity (i.e., abuse and deprivation) on selected outcomes (i.e., physical and mental health, lifestyle, and cognition) in two UK cohorts (the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), N = 12,653, Mdnage = 66, SDage = 9.58; UK Biobank, N = 502,360, Mdnage = 58, SDage = 8.09). In both cohorts, adversities were self-reported retrospectively, and only those adversity types assessed in both cohorts were utilized. A post-hoc analysis was performed to examine the role of education as a mediator of the association between early adversity and the selected outcomes.

Results

Most of the results show that early adversity is negatively associated with health (both physical and mental), lifestyle, and cognition while also highlighting the important mediating role of education. However, differences exist according to the specific adversity experienced and the cohort studied.

Conclusions

The results found bring into attention the complex associations between early adversity and multiple later life outcomes, and suggest that various mechanisms might be at play. Furthermore, the findings highlight the importance of multi-cohort comparisons for the generalization of the results.
Modelling the cost-effectiveness and budget impact of pay-for-performance programs in health care
Authors: Gandjour Afschin
Published: November 2024

Introduction

With an upward trend in adoption by industrialized nations, pay-for-performance (P4P) mechanisms are increasingly recognized for fostering quality improvement in healthcare. P4P programs conventionally reward providers with supplemental payments upon achieving predefined performance targets. This study aims to utilize decision modelling to determine the cost-effectiveness and maximum incentive levels of P4P programs.

Methods

A decision model, grounded in previously published models exploring the cost-effectiveness of implementation programs, was developed. The model evaluates the cost-effectiveness of P4P programs for an exogenous reward size under varied reward mechanisms and also in scenarios with and without a budget or time constraint.

Results

In instances where P4P programs do not substitute other healthcare programs, their incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) is deterministically set and ranges from treatment ICER to infinity, irrespective of the reward mechanism. With a budget or time constraint in play, the P4P program is incentivized up to the point where its population cost or ICER aligns with that of the program being replaced.

Conclusion

The proposed decision model effectively calculates the cost-effectiveness and budget impact of P4P programs, accommodating various reward mechanisms and scenarios, both with and without budget or time constraints.
Transcriptome-wide mapping of internal mRNA N7-methylguanosine in sporulated and unsporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella reveals stage-specific signatures
Authors: Fan Qing-Xin , Wang Zi-Rui , Wang Jin-Long , Wang Yu-Xuan , Zhang Ze-Dong , Yu Lin-Mei , Jia Tao , Zhu Xing-Quan , Liu Qing
Published: November 2024

Background

Growing evidence indicates that N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification plays critical roles in epigenetic regulation. However, no data regarding m7G modification are currently available in Eimeria tenella, a highly virulent species causing coccidiosis in chickens.

Methods

In the present study, we explore the distribution of internal messenger RNA (mRNA) m7G modification in sporulated and unsporulated oocysts of E. tenella as well as its potential biological functions during oocyst development using methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq), and the mRNA-seq and MeRIP-seq data were verified by the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR) and MeRIP–qPCR, respectively.

Results

Our data showed that m7G peaks were detected throughout the whole mRNA body, and the coding DNA sequence (CDS) region displayed the most methylation modification. Compared with unsporulated oocysts, 7799 hypermethylated peaks and 1945 hypomethylated peaks were identified in sporulated oocysts. Further combined analysis of differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that there was a generally positive correlation between m7G modification levels and gene transcript abundance. Unsurprisingly, the mRNA-seq and MeRIP-seq data showed good consistency with the results of the RT–qPCR and MeRIP–qPCR, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs with altered m7G-methylated peaks were involved in diverse biological functions and pathways, including DNA replication, RNA transport, spliceosome, autophagy-yeast, and cAMP signaling pathway.

Conclusions

Altogether, our findings revealed the potential significance of internal m7G modification in E. tenella oocysts, providing some directions and clues for later in-depth research.

Graphical abstract
Effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) supplementation on cardiometabolic Indices in diabetic and prediabetic overweight patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs
Authors: Karim Mehdi , Pirzad Samira , Shirsalimi Niyousha , Hosseini Mohammad Hossein , Ebrahimi Pouya , khoshdooz Sara , Rashidian Pegah
Published: November 2024

Background

The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, and there is growing interest in the potential use of natural compounds as an alternative treatment for managing DM. Several research studies have investigated the impact of saffron consumption on managing and improving metabolic profiles in patients with DM, and they have shown promising results.

Object

The study aims to systematically review and perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the potential effects of saffron and its extract on cardiometabolic indicators in diabetic and prediabetic overweight patients.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis, searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar for all relevant studies published before April 20, 2024. We extracted weighted (WMD) or standardized (SMD) mean differences (before-after) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of the outcomes and conducted meta-analyses using R. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024538380).

Results

Out of the studies screened, 15 RCTs were selected for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis. These studies collectively involved 869 participants, 438 in the intervention group and 431 in the control group. Notably, our results showed that saffron supplementation led to significant changes in FBS (MD: − 8.75 mg/dL, 95% CI [− 14.75; − 2.76], P < 0.01), HbA1C (MD: − 0.34%, 95% CI [− 0.39; − 0.9], P < 0.01), TG (MD: − 13.28 mg/dL, 95% CI [− 22.82; − 3.75], P < 0.01), SBP (MD: − 5.33 mmHg, 95% CI [− 8.99–1.67], P = 0.04), DBP (MD: − 1.02 mmHg, 95% CI [− 3.91; 1.86], P = 0.03), AST (MD: − 1.32 IU/L, 95% CI [− 1.72, − 0.93], P < 0.01) levels in T2DM patients compared to placebo or no supplementation, indicating its potential as a therapeutic intervention. However, there was no significant effect on Insulin secretion (MD: − 0.15 µU/ml, 95% CI [− 2.1763; 1.8689], P = 0.88), HOMA (MD: − 0.35%, 95% CI [− 1.34;0.63], P = 0.48), TC (MD: − 4.86 mg/dL, 95% CI [− 9.81–0.09], P = 0.54), HDL (MD: 0.18 mg/dL, 95% CI [− 0.93; 1.29], P = 0.74), LDL (MD: − 1.77 mg/dL, 95% CI [− 5.99–2.45], P = 0.41), TNF-α (MD: − 0.34 pg/mL, 95% CI [− 0.99–0.30], P = 0.29), creatinine (MD: 2.83 mg/dL, 95% CI [2.29, 3.37], P = 0.31) and BUN (MD: − 0.44 mg/dL, 95% CI [− 1.43, 0.55], P = 0.38).

Conclusion

Saffron may improve specific CMI indices in overweight patients with diabetes or prediabetes, including significant reductions in FBS, HbA1C, TG, SBP, and AST. However, it did not significantly affect HDL, TC, LDL, insulin secretion, HOMA, DBP, TNF-α, ALT, Cr, or BUN. Further research with more trials and extended follow-up periods is needed to confirm and expand these findings.
Assessing multi-target antiviral and antioxidant activities of natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2: an integrated in vitro and in silico study
Authors: Al balawi Aisha Nawaf , Eldiasty Jayda G. , Mosallam Sahar Abd-El Razik , El-Alosey Alaa R. , Elmetwalli Alaa
Published: November 2024

There is an urgent need for preventive and therapeutic drugs to effectively treat and prevent viral diseases from resurfacing as they emerge during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to assess the antiviral effects of four natural compounds commonly used in traditional medicine to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. A cytotoxicity, dose-dependent, and plaque reduction assay was performed on Vero CCL-81 cells to figure out their effects on the cells. Quantification of cytokines was assessed. In silico analysis for the selected compound was also evaluated. Results revealed that the compounds could disrupt the viral replication cycle through direct inhibition of the virus or immune system stimulation. The cytotoxicity assay results revealed that the compounds were well tolerated by the cells, indicating that the compounds were not toxic to the cells. This study evaluated the antioxidant capacities of propolis, curcumin, quercetin, and ginseng using ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC assays, revealing that propolis exhibited the highest antioxidant activity of ABTS with 1250.40 ± 17.10 μmol Trolox eq/g, with FRAP values reaching 1200.55 ± 15.90 μmol Fe2⁺ eq/g and CUPRAC values of 1150.80 ± 14.20 μmol Trolox eq/g at 1000 µg/mL, highlighting its potential as a potent natural antioxidant. The results of the plaque reduction assay revealed that the compounds could reduce the size and number of plaques, indicating that the compounds could inhibit the virus replication cycle. Subsequently, using molecular docking to analyze the effect of propolis, curcumin, quercetin, and ginseng as inhibitors, it was unveiled that the four compounds are likely to have the potential to inhibit the protease activity, spike protein S1, and RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2 and the virus titer was reduced by 100% after post-infection using propolis as an inhibitor control.

Graphical Abstract
Exploring factors influencing university students’ intentions to use ChatGPT: analysing task-technology fit theory to enhance behavioural intentions in higher education
Authors: Al-Mamary Yaser Hasan , Alfalah Adel Abdulmohsen , Alshammari Mohammad Mulayh , Abubakar Aliyu Alhaji
Published: November 2024

The increasing integration of AI technologies such as ChatGPT in educational systems calls for an in-depth understanding of the factors influencing students’ intentions to use these tools. This study explores the factors shaping university students’ intentions to use ChatGPT by analysing three key dimensions: task characteristics, technology characteristics and individual characteristics. Using the task-technology fit (TTF) framework, the research examined how these elements impact the alignment between educational tasks and ChatGPT’s capabilities, ultimately driving students’ behavioural intentions. A survey of 393 students from a Saudi Arabian university was conducted, and structural equation modelling was applied to assess the relationships among the variables. Results indicated that all three characteristics significantly influenced TTF, which in turn had a positive impact on students’ intentions to use ChatGPT. The study highlighted the importance of achieving a strong TTF to encourage the effective use of AI tools in academic settings. The implications of this research suggest that educational institutions should focus on aligning AI technologies with students’ learning tasks to enhance their intent to use these tools, thereby improving academic performance. Furthermore, this study extended the TTF model to the context of AI-powered educational tools, particularly in line with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030. This research is one of the first to investigate the factors influencing students’ intentions to use ChatGPT within the unique cultural and technological context of Saudi Arabia’s higher education system. By integrating the TTF framework with local and regional factors, the study provides novel insights into the drivers of AI usage in education, offering guidance for regional policy and broad educational practices.
Strengthening the relationship between community resilience and health emergency communication: a systematic review
Authors: Vandrevala Tushna , Morrow Elizabeth , Coates Tracey , Boulton Richard , Crawshaw Alison F. , O’Dwyer Emma , Heitmeyer Carrie
Published: November 2024

Background

Community resilience and health emergency communication are both crucial in promoting a community’s ability to endure crises and recover from emergency events. Yet, a notable gap in theory and evidence exists in the relationship between them. We aim to explore the relationship between community resilience and health emergency communication and to identify strategies and interventions to strengthen their usefulness to each other. Based on the results, a secondary aim was to develop a model of community-centred resilience and health emergency communication.

Methods

A systematic review of literature published between January 1990 and February 2024 was undertaken following Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Electronic databases (Web of Science, Social Science Citation Index, PubMed/MEDLINE) were searched using key terms. Eligibility criteria were developed from the literature and the knowledge of the multidisciplinary team. Inductive thematic analysis generated key themes. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were applied to present the findings.

Results

The searches identified 300 articles, of which 86 met the inclusion criteria. Two main themes were identified from the literature: (i) the relationship between emergency communication and community resilience, including subthemes: building trust and collaboration within communities, identifying resources and their distribution, tailoring communication strategies, considering inclusion and equity, and community engagement and feedback and (ii) strategies and interventions, including subthemes: facilitating community structures as channels for communication, respecting personal and private boundaries in health communication, targeting outreach for effective crisis communication, building resilience through training and communication initiatives, and demonstrating commitment to equity and inclusion.

Conclusions

There is a small, yet valuable, body of evidence to demonstrate the value of bolstering community-centred resilience for emergency preparedness, response and recovery. The model of community-centred resilience and health emergency communication developed can inform policy, research and practice. Further research is required to develop and test community-centred approaches to enhance inclusive risk communication and equitable recovery.
Veteran Vowels: Early Western Canadian English in World War Oral Histories
Authors: Boberg Charles
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the origin and historical development of the vowel system of Western Canadian English (WCE). It presents a sociophonetic analysis of interviews with two Western Canadian veterans of the First World War, born in 1890–91, and eight of the Second World War, born in 1917–1923. The data reveal that the comparative uniformity attributed to WCE today emerged gradually over the twentieth century. Initial English-speaking settlement, following the arrival of the railway in 1885 and continuing up to the Great Depression, produced a mix of features reflecting its diverse origins. Canadian Raising and a conservative variant of goat are uniform from the beginning, but the allophonic structure of short-a (trap-bath, including BAG-raising), the low-back merger, the marry-Mary and north-force mergers, fronting of goose and the Low-Back-Merger (or Canadian) Shift are all variable in the veterans’ speech. The sound changes that reduced that variation over the remainder of the twentieth century provide an accessible example of the convergence and levelling that have created new regional dialects from diverse migrant populations throughout history.
The Geolinguistic Diffusion of Lexically Enregistered Variants in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula
Authors: Rankinen Wil A. , Ma Kim M.
Published: November 2024

This geolinguistic study investigates perceptions of usage frequency and local identity connection for seven distinctive words in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula (U.P.): camp, chook, choppers, cudighi, pank, sisu, and swampers. Data were collected from 860 participants through an on-line survey, incorporating demographic details and hometown zip codes. Participants’ attitudes were evaluated using two 5-point Likert scales, assessing perceived frequency of use and importance to identity. The study reveals a tight correlation between these variables for each word, alongside unique geographic distribution patterns across the U.P. of Michigan. The findings highlight the enregisterment of these terms within various U.P. speech communities, influenced by processes of koineization, reallocation, and commodification. The words exhibit cultural significance and usage that are geolinguistically distinct, often delineated by a west-east divide in the region. This research illustrates how these unique U.P. words not only embody regional linguistic identity but are also shaped by the convergence of diverse sociolinguistic processes, adding to the rich and dynamic linguistic environment of Michigan’s Upper Peninsula.
Gender, Rumor, and Religious Polemic in Louis XIV's France
Authors: Heath Sean
Published: November 2024

The Chinese Rites Controversy was one of the most contentious issues in the French church at the beginning of the eighteenth century. Nourished with rumors from China, it was predominantly a debate among men, with the exception of an extraordinary intervention by a woman, Paule Payen de Lionne, in 1701. In a public letter to the Jesuits, she used a dispute concerning her missionary son Artus de Lionne to launch a fierce critique of what she saw as the Society of Jesus's toleration of Chinese idolatry. Conscious that many would see it as inappropriate for a woman to discuss a matter of ecclesiastical controversy, Payen nonetheless filled the letter with references to her sex. This article proposes that she strategically invoked tropes of feminine weakness and intellectual inadequacy as rhetorical tools to contrast the simple purity (and thus truth) of her perspective with the verbose artifice of the Jesuits. At the same time, the register of aggression in her letter forces historians to reconsider the view that women engaging in querelles were obliged to adopt a less confrontational tone than men. This episode shows how women could use femininity to carve out a unique voice in an otherwise male-dominated public sphere.
The Real State: Inside the Congo’s Traffic Police Agency
Authors: Sánchez de la Sierra Raúl , Titeca Kristof , Xie Haoyang (Stan) , Lameke Aimable Amani , Malukisa Albert Jolino
Published: November 2024

This paper provides insight into a corruption scheme in Kinshasa’s traffic police agency. First, various data collection branches show that the agency’s revenue is five times that from fines and is derived from a coalition of traffic police officials, their managers, and judicial police officers scheming to extort drivers. Second, the analysis of an experiment suggests that the scheme subverts service. Third, the scheme appears to be a rational response to the context, but its logic is widespread. The findings suggest that coalitions of officials, while being socially costly, can yield large illicit revenue, nuancing the notion of state weakness. (JEL D73, H76, K42, O17)
Contamination Bias in Linear Regressions
Authors: Goldsmith-Pinkham Paul , Hull Peter , Kolesár Michal
Published: November 2024

We study regressions with multiple treatments and a set of controls that is flexible enough to purge omitted variable bias. We show these regressions generally fail to estimate convex averages of heterogeneous treatment effects—instead, estimates of each treatment’s effect are contaminated by nonconvex averages of the effects of other treatments. We discuss three estimation approaches that avoid such contamination bias, including the targeting of easiest-to-estimate weighted average effects. A reanalysis of nine empirical applications finds economically and statistically meaningful contamination bias in observational studies; contamination bias in experimental studies is more limited due to smaller variability in propensity scores. (JEL C21, C31, C51, H75, I21, I28)
Measuring Science: Performance Metrics and the Allocation of Talent
Authors: Hager Sebastian , Schwarz Carlo , Waldinger Fabian
Published: November 2024

We study how performance metrics affect the allocation of talent by exploiting the introduction of the first citation database in science. For technical reasons, it only covered citations from certain journals and years, creating quasi-random variation: some citations became visible, while others remained invisible. We identify the effects of citation metrics by comparing the predictiveness of visible to invisible citations. Citation metrics increased assortative matching between scientists and departments by reducing information frictions over geographic and intellectual distance. Highly cited scientists from lower-ranked departments (“hidden stars”) and from minorities benefited more. Citation metrics also affected promotions and NSF grants, suggesting Matthew effects. (JEL A14, I23, J44)
Dividing small groups into problem-based learning tutorials: an experience report
Authors: Sousa Costa Henrique , Mendes do Carmo Julia , Ademar Dias Arruda Filho Carlos , Pedrosa Moreira Deborah , Da Silva Rodrigues Maria Dilene , Kubrusly Marcos
Published: November 2024

This article aims to provide a critical and reflective account of the experience of the pedagogical support service at the Christus University Center - Unichristus, during the implementation of the heterogeneous division of tutorial groups by personality traits, in the active methodology, Problem-Based Learning (PBL). Method: This is a descriptive experience report of a study carried out at a private higher education institution in Fortaleza. The participants were 12 teachers who acted as tutors and 120 students who were new to the PBL methodology.  The activity was systematized into three moments: application of the QUATI psychological typology test to the students, classification of the students into extroversion and introversion attitudes, division of the tutorial groups into similar proportions of introverted and extroverted students. The educational action involved training the teachers in group dynamics, revealing the personalities of their respective students and a round table discussion after the end of the semester. Results: the heterogeneous division of groups and teacher training led to an improvement in the management of tutorial groups. Conclusion: the experience showed that the tutors' prior knowledge of the personality traits of the tutorial group members and their heterogeneous formation can contribute to improving the teaching-learning process in PBL, especially with regard to looking at existing personalities individually.
Η “Παίζουσα Τάξη” και ο κοινωνικός έλεγχος στις γλωσσικές δραστηριότητες της προσχολικής αγωγής
Authors: Πετκανοπούλου Μαρία
Published: November 2024

Η παρούσα διατριβή παρακολουθεί τους προβληματισμούς και τη διαμόρφωση μιας νέας εκπαιδευτικής πρότασης, της Παίζουσας Τάξης (Π.Τ), βασισμένης στην αξιοποίηση των αυτοσχέδιων παιχνιδιών που δημιουργούν τα παιδιά και την υιοθέτηση τους ως εκπαιδευτικού πλαισίου, εστιασμένου στη διασαφήνιση του κοινωνικού ελέγχου στις γλωσσικές δραστηριότητες της προσχολικής αγωγής. Το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο υποστήριξης της Π.Τ αντλήθηκε από τη θεωρία του Johan Huizinga, την ψυχοπαιδαγωγική του Lev Vygotsky και την κοινωνιολογία της Τάξης του Basil Bernstein, ενώ παράλληλα αναζητήθηκαν οι υποδοχές της διδακτικής καινοτομίας της στα Αναλυτικά Προγράμματα του Νηπιαγωγείου. Η διατριβή διαρθρώνεται σε τρία μέρη και στα συνοδευτικά παραρτήματα. Στο Α΄ μέρος παρουσιάζεται μια σύντομη επιστημολογική παρουσίαση των τριών προαναφερθέντων θεωρητικών στοχαστών, εστιάζοντας α) στον παιδαγωγικά άγνωστο J. Huizinga και ειδικότερα στο έργο του Homo Ludens, προβάλλοντας τα χαρακτηριστικά του παιχνιδιού και τις αποκρυσταλλώσεις τους στις πολιτισμικές μορφές· β) στην πολιτισμική θεωρία του L.S. Vygotsky για τον έλεγχο του αναπτυξιακού κοινωνικού περιβάλλοντος της Π.Τ και του ρόλου της γλώσσας και της ομιλίας στις αλληλεπιδραστικές παιδαγωγικές πρακτικές της γ) στις θεωρίες του B. Bernstein για τον Κοινωνικό και το Συμβολικό Έλεγχο, τον Παιδαγωγικό Λόγο και την Παιδαγωγική Πρακτική. Στο Β΄ μέρος παρουσιάζεται το θεσμικό πλαίσιο οργάνωσης και λειτουργίας της Προσχολικής Αγωγής και κυρίως τα Αναλυτικά Προγράμματα από το 1980 έως το 2023. Στο Γ΄ μέρος παρουσιάζεται η παιδαγωγική-διδακτική πρόταση της Π.Τ, προκρίνοντας τη μεθοδολογική επιλογή του φαινομενολογικού ελέγχου της βιωμένης εμπειρίας των παιδιών απέναντι στα δικά τους αυτοσχέδια παιχνίδια. Το παιχνίδι στο διδακτικό αναπτυξιακό περιβάλλον της Π.Τ νοείται ως πολιτισμικό εργαλείο και ως αυθεντικό δημιούργημα πολιτισμικής προαγωγής, ως διδακτικό εκπαιδευτικό εργαλείο για τη διαμόρφωση των μικροκοινωνικών σχέσεων και ως μέσο καλλιέργειας και έκφρασης της δημιουργικής φαντασίας. Η ανάλυση των ταυτοτικών χαρακτηριστικών σε συνάρτηση με την κοινωνική αναπαραγωγή ανισοτήτων στο νηπιαγωγείο ολοκληρώνεται με πρωτογενώς σχεδιασμένα ερευνητικά εργαλεία, σε τρεις Περιοχές Παρατήρησης (Π.Π.) με τις αντίστοιχες Κατηγορικές Περιοχές Παρατήρησης (Κ.Π.Π.) και τις Εννοιολογικές τους Ομάδες Παρατήρησης (Ε.Ο.Π.), αξιοποιώντας κυρίως τις επεξεργασίες του B. Bernstein, Από την ανάλυση στα κύρια συμβολικά σύνορα προέκυψε ότι η Π.Τ μπορεί να διεκδικήσει μια θέση απέναντι στις πρακτικές πολιτισμικής μετάδοσης και αναπαραγωγής θέτοντας προοπτικές για μελλοντικές εφαρμογές της σε ανώτερες εκπαιδευτικές βαθμίδες στα πλαίσια της αειφόρου ανάπτυξης.
Η άτυπη οικονομία στην περιοχή του Αγρινίου
Authors: Γιαννακόπουλος Δημήτριος
Published: November 2024

Στην αγροτική περιοχή του Αγρινίου, στη Δυτική Ελλάδα, η άτυπη, δηλαδή μη εποπτευόμενη από κάποιον κρατικό φορέα, οικονομική δραστηριότητα είναι πανταχού παρούσα. Κάθε είδους αγροτικά προϊόντα, από το ελαιόλαδο και τα γαλακτοκομικά προϊόντα μέχρι τον καπνό και το αλκοόλ, παράγονται και διακινούνται άτυπα. Οι καθημερινοί άνθρωποι συμμετέχουν μαζικά, είτε ως παραγωγοί είτε ως καταναλωτές, αποφεύγοντας τη φορολογία, αλλά αλληλεπιδρώντας με αξίες και πρακτικές που προωθούνται από τους επίσημους θεσμούς. Αν και ο όρος άτυπη οικονομία (informal economy, informality) χρησιμοποιείται συνήθως για να περιγράψει πρακτικές που αποτελούν συμπληρωματικές ή «γκρίζες» οικονομικές δραστηριότητες, η αναλυτική του ισχύς έχει οδηγήσει ερευνητές από διάφορους κλάδους να τον χρησιμοποιήσουν ως ομπρέλα για τη μελέτη των άγραφων κανόνων και των τοπικών τρόπων «διεκπεραίωσης των καθημερινών υποθέσεων» που αντιστέκονται στην κυρίαρχη άρθρωση (Ledeneva 2018). Αυτή η έρευνα προτείνει να φέρει στο προσκήνιο και να αξιοποιήσει την άτυπη δραστηριότητα, όπως αυτή δομείται, με βάση την αγροτική παραγωγή στο επαρχιακό τοπίο, θέτοντας το ερώτημα: Πώς οι κάτοικοι της περιοχής του Αγρινίου, είτε παραγωγοί-κάτοικοι της υπαίθρου είτε καταναλωτές-κάτοικοι του αστικού κέντρου, συμμετέχοντας σε αυτή τη δραστηριότητα, συνδιαμορφώνουν τις τρέχουσες εννοιολογήσεις και πρακτικές σχετικά με την οικονομία, τη νομιμότητα και την ιδιότητα του πολίτη;
Case Report: The tree that hides the forest, a case of renal ANCA vasculitis concurrent with Fabry nephropathy.
Authors: Dahmane Rihem , Azzabi Awatef , Zmantar Yosra , THABET Nesrine , Ben Aicha Narjess , Guesmi Rahma , Farhat Roua , Boukadida Raja , Ben Afia Amira , Abdessayed Nihed , Mahfoudh Olfa , Sahtout Wissal , Mrabet Sanda , Guedri Yosra , Zellama Dorsaf
Published: November 2024

This case report presents a complex case of a 65-year-old female with a history of hypertension and a family history of polycystic kidney disease and Fabry disease presented with acute pancreatitis and subsequent renal insufficiency. Despite initial corticosteroid therapy for immuno-allergic nephropathy, the patient’s condition deteriorated with the development of a skin rash, uremic syndrome, and neurological symptoms. A renal biopsy revealed cellular crescents and cytoplasmic vacuolization in podocytes and tubular cells. Genetic testing confirmed a GLA gene mutation, consistent with Fabry disease. While undergoing treatment with cyclophosphamide, the patient experienced severe allergic reactions, ultimately leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome and fatal outcome. Despite the Fabry disease variant being primarily associated with cardiac involvement, renal involvement was evident. This case highlights the rarity of this co-occurrence, the diagnostic challenges, the importance of genetic factors in autoimmune kidney diseases, and the impact of drug allergies on patient management.
Managing the Involvement of Teaching Staff in an Educational Organization
Authors: Ustimenko T. , Chursinova O.
Published: November 2024

The authors of the article analyze the results of the survey of pedagogical workers of the Stavropol Territory on the factors of involvement and motivation, affecting the effectiveness of professional activities. Based on the analysis of the results of the study, effective tools of motivation and stimulation are described, Facilitating increased involvement.
Monitoring of Students’ Digital Literacy in the Context of Gig Economy Development
Authors: Burmistrova N. , Kornilceva E. , Shmakova A. , Starikov V. , Fisenko T.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the prospects of digital transformation of the higher economic education system. The purpose of the study is to monitor the digital literacy of economic university students in the context of the integration of digital technologies into the modern economy. The authors pointed out the need to increase the understanding of the features of the economy of free earnings (gig economy) from the perspective of the career prospects of future economists. In the course of the study, an online survey of students of the economics faculties of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation and Omsk State Technical University was conducted. It was aimed at studying the change in the level of digital literacy of students of 1-4 courses in the light of new trends in the labor market. There were 241 respondents. The obtained theoretical and empirical evidence highlighted the need to introduce new educational resources and technologies into the higher education process in accordance with the complex requirements of the labor market and society.
Warsztat artysty malarza w XVIII stuleciu na przykładzie dzieł Szymona Czechowicza (1689−1775) oraz twórców jego kręgu
Authors: Doleżyńska-Sewerniak Ewa
Published: November 2024

Niniejsza publikacja poświęcona jest zagadnieniom warsztatu malarskiego artystów w XVIII stuleciu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Szymona Czechowicza − jednego z najwybitniejszych polskich twórców aktywnych w tym czasie. Głównym celem badań była rekonstrukcja procesu twórczego − etapów i metod realizacji obrazów oraz technicznej strony malarstwa, a także przybliżenie realiów tego zawodu: edukacji, organizacji pracy, pracowni, jej zasobu − używanych narzędzi, materiałów i akcesoriów, a także ich dostępności.

Dzięki temu autorka stworzyła bank danych dotyczących metod i materiałów w warsztacie Czechowicza, które – być może − staną się bazą do porównań, ułatwiającą datowanie oraz służącą weryfikacji autorstwa przypisywanych mu prac. Jako że badania objęły także obrazy artystów związanych z jego pracownią (tych znanych z nazwiska), autorka podjęła próbę opisania wpływu Szymona Czechowicza na ukształtowanie ich warsztatu.
Droga chłopaka z Rudnik na Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika. Wspomnienia
Authors: Maliszewski Kazimierz
Published: November 2024

Droga chłopaka z Rudnik na Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika. Wspomnienia to bardzo osobista relacja prof. Kazimierza Maliszewskiego z jego życia. Przedstawia koleje losu, które zaprowadziły go z małej miejscowości na Pojezierzu Iławskim do grodu Kopernika i na Uniwersytet imienia astronoma. Wspomnienia to opisane z dużym sentymentem różne epizody z okresu dzieciństwa i młodości autora oraz elementy jego autobiografii naukowej, w powiązaniu z życiem rodzinnym. Książka pokazuje także, jak wyglądał Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu za czasów studiów Profesora w latach 1968–1973 i jak zmieniał się podczas jego 46-letniej pracy naukowej i dydaktycznej.
Gestão De Conflitos No Âmbito Das Holdings Familiares
Authors: Lara Tait Pedro André , De Cássia Andrioli Bazila Peron Rita
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho abordara os meios alternativos de resolução de conflitos aplicados às demandas surgidas no âmbito das Holdings familiares, analisando sua eficácia em comparação ao método jurisdicional. Para isso a pesquisa visa analisar a compatibilidade entre os métodos da Conciliação, mediação e arbitragem com a dinâmica própria das Holdings familiares, marcada pela sobreposição dos papéis de sócio e parente. Para tanto, será traçado um conceito de holding, com sua especificação no ambiente familiar, bem como uma análise da natureza jurídica dos métodos alternativos de resolução de conflitos, concluindo-se com a apresentação de resultados relativamente à cada espécie analisada.
Tecnologia Assistiva e autismo:
Authors: Faria da Silva Rafaela , Peixoto de Azevedo Pedrosa Stella Maria
Published: November 2024

Mudanças na educação brasileira determinaram o acesso de alunos com deficiência, Transtornos Globais do Desenvolvimento (TGD), incluindo o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e Altas Habilidades ou Superdotação às classes regulares de ensino. Para garantir esse acesso foi instituído o Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE), majoritariamente nas Salas de Recursos Multifuncionais (SRM). O Manual de Orientação do Programa de Implantação de SRM afirma que na composição dessas salas está prevista a Tecnologia Assistiva (TA) que engloba produtos, estratégias, serviços, recursos, metodologias e práticas com o objetivo de promover a participação, autonomia e funcionalidade de pessoas com deficiência, incapacidades permanentes ou momentâneas, mobilidade reduzida e TGD. Este artigo objetiva analisar as falas de 17 professores de SRM de alunos autistas do ensino fundamental de escolas da 8ª Corregedoria Regional de Educação (CRE) da rede pública municipal do Rio de Janeiro, em relação ao contexto e ao uso de TA por esses alunos. Os dados foram coletados em questionários e analisados com base em Bardin. Ficou evidenciado que a maioria dos professores de SRM possui formação inicial generalista para docência, pouco tempo de atuação em SRM e conhecimentos sobre TA, incluindo, em particular, as voltadas para pessoas com autismo. Além disso, constatou-se um grande quantitativo de alunos autistas nas SRM e a falta de articulação entre os professores da SRM e os profissionais da saúde que atendem seus alunos. Portanto, são necessários mais investimentos em TA.
A revisão crítica de Adorno sobre o direcionamento ético da educação
Authors: Lombardi Crisostomo Alessandro
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a abordagem do filósofo Theodor W. Adorno sobre o encaminhamento ético da educação, de tal forma a expor potencialidades e limites desta teoria em meio à discussão atual sobre os fundamentos e finalidades da educação para a formação integral. Será exposto, em linhas gerais, o uso que o autor faz da teoria freudiana para explicar a tendência de regressões à barbárie na civilização, assim como, a análise crítica sobre a função e as possibilidades da educação frente aos desdobramentos da violência presenciada durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Discutiremos ainda, os desdobramentos em autores contemporâneos, nos quais se realiza criticamente esta formulação de Adorno acerca do reencaminhamento ético da educação, qual seja, que episódios como o de Auschwitzs não ocorrem novamente. Trata-se de uma discussão de cunho teórico-bibliográfico, destinada a refletir sobre as condições civilizatórias da atualidade e o modo como estas sustentariam condições de violência e retrocesso, da mesma forma que, dialeticamente, talvez seja possível elaborar ações teóricas e práticas tendo em vista a emancipação.
Descolonização das disciplinas acadêmicas na formação de professores
Authors: Araujo da Silva Andréa Giordanna
Published: November 2024

O artigo aborda o processo de desenvolvimento de práticas e de conteúdos descolonizadores no âmbito da educação superior. Constitui-se da análise do movimento político-pedagógico crítico de reconstrução do currículo universitário de forma endógena, a partir da invenção de outras práticas e da circulação de outros saberes na ministração das disciplinas obrigatórias do curso de formação inicial de professores(as). Trata das especificidades do curso de licenciatura em Pedagogia do Campo, ofertado por uma universidade federal da região Nordeste do Brasil. O estudo documental e qualitativo observou que o contato de diferentes grupos étnicos, culturais e sociais, com interesses políticos e culturais semelhantes, fez insurgir, nas(os) futuras(os) professoras(es), o interesse pelo desenvolvimento de saberes e práticas que confrontam o modelo colonizador de formação acadêmica na educação superior.
 
[1] Como maior parte do corpo discente do curso de Pedagogia é feminino, utiliza-se este gênero como primazia na escrita.