bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corneal transplantation in the modern era
Authors: Singh Rashmi , Gupta Noopur , Vanathi M. , Tandon Radhika
Published: September 2019

Corneal blindness is one of the major causes of reversible blindness, which can be managed with transplantation of a healthy donor cornea. It is the most successful organ transplantation in the human body as cornea is devoid of vasculature, minimizing the risk of graft rejection. The first successful transplant was performed by Zirm, and since then, corneal transplantation has seen significant evolution. It has been possible because of the relentless efforts by researchers and the increase in knowledge about corneal anatomy, improvement in instruments and advancements in technology. Keratoplasty has come a long way since the initial surgeries wherein the whole cornea was replaced to the present day where only the selective diseased layer can be replaced. These newer procedures maintain structural integrity and avoid catastrophic complications associated with open globe surgery. Corneal transplantation procedures are broadly classified as full-thickness penetrating keratoplasty and partial lamellar corneal surgeries which include anterior lamellar keratoplasty [sperficial anterior lamellar keratoplasty (SALK), automated lamellar therapeutic keratoplasty (ALTK) and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK)] and posterior lamellar keratoplasty [Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK)] broadly.
Adhesion molecules facilitate host-pathogen interaction & mediate Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis
Authors: Bisht Durga , Meena Laxman S.
Published: September 2019

Most of the microorganisms display adhesion molecules on their surface which help them to bind and interact with the host cell during infection. Adhesion molecules help mycobacteria to colonize and invade immune system of the host, and also trigger immune response explicated by the host against the infection. Hence, understanding the signalling pathways illustrated by these molecules to enhance our knowledge on mycobacterial survival and persistence inside the host cell is required. Hence, this review was focussed on the role of adhesion molecules and their receptor molecules. The various mechanisms adopted by adhesion molecules to bind with the specific receptors on the host cell and their role in invasion and persistence of mycobacterium inside the host cell are explained.
Aspirin & clopidogrel non-responsiveness & its association with genetic polymorphisms in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Pandey Chandra Prakash , Misra Ankita , Negi Mahendra Pal Singh , Kanuri Babu Nageswararao , Chhonker Yashpal Singh , Bhatta Rabi Shanker , Narain Varun Shanker , Dikshit Madhu
Published: September 2019

Background & objectives:

Cytochrome P450, P2Y12, cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1) and glycoprotein V1 (GPVI) gene polymorphisms are known to affect patient responsiveness towards aspirin and clopidogrel dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). The present study was undertaken to identify aspirin and clopidogrel non-responsiveness and its association with genetic polymorphism in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods:

A total of 207 MI patients who were on DAPT, were included. The DAPT non-responsiveness was determined by light transmittance aggregometry using arachidonic acid and adenosine diphosphate and high platelet reactivity by collagen. Platelet activation biomarkers, thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) were measured in plasma. Patient compliance was checked by estimating drug and its metabolite levels (aspirin and clopidogrel) in plasma using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Genomic DNA was extracted, amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subsequently sequenced to identify CYP450, P2Y12, COX1 and GPVI gene polymorphisms.

Results:

Of the 207 patients, 32 were non-responders. The DAPT non-responsiveness was found in 15.5 per cent patients. The non-responsiveness showed a significant and an independent association with gender [odds ratio (OR)=0.18, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.01-0.78, P=0.023], TxB2 (OR=1.00, 95% CI=1.00-1.01, P=0.013), CYP2C19*2 G>A (OR=3.33, 95% CI=1.04-10.69, P=0.044) and GPVI T>C (OR=0.23, 95% CI=0.08-0.67, P=0.007) after adjusting the demographic, clinical and genetic confounding factors when assessed between non-responder and responder compliant patients.

Interpretation & conclusions:

The study showed a significant association of genetic polymorphisms (CYP2C19*2 G>A and GPVI T>C) with DAPT non-responsiveness in MI patients. The findings of this study need further validation in a large cohort of patients with clinical follow up.
Ergodic measures on infinite skew-symmetric matrices over non-Archimedean local fields
Authors: Qiu Yanqi
Published: September 2019

Let

F

be a non-discrete non-Archimedean locally compact field such that the characteristic char

(F)\ne 2

and let

\mathcal{O}_F

be the ring of integers in

F

. The main results of this paper are Theorem 1.2 that classifies ergodic probability measures on the space Skew

(\mathbb{N}, F)

of infinite skew-symmetric matrices with respect to the natural action of the group GL

(\infty,\mathcal{O}_F)

and Theorem 1.4, that gives an unexpected natural correspondence between the set of GL

(\infty,\mathcal{O}_F)

-invariant Borel probability measures on Sym

(\mathbb{N}, F)

and the set of

\mathrm {GL}(\infty,\mathcal{O}_F) \times \mathrm{GL}(\infty,\mathcal{O}_F)

-invariant Borel probability measures on the space Mat

(\mathbb{N}, F)

of infinite matrices over

F

.
Bifurcation sets arising from non-integer base expansions
Authors: Allaart Pieter , Baker Simon , Kong Derong
Published: September 2019

Given a positive integer

M

and

q\in(1,M+1]

, let

\mathcal U_q

be the set of

x\in[0, M/(q-1)]

having a unique

q

-expansion: there exists a unique sequence

(x_i)=x_1x_2\ldots

with each

x_i\in\{0,1,\ldots, M\}

such that

x=\frac{x_1}{q}+\frac{x_2}{q^2}+\frac{x_3}{q^3}+\cdots.

Denote by

\mathbf U_q

the set of corresponding sequences of all points in

\mathcal U_q

. It is well-known that the function

H: q\mapsto h(\mathbf U_q)

is a Devil's staircase, where

h(\mathbf U_q)

denotes the topological entropy of

\mathbf U_q

. In this paper we give several characterizations of the bifurcation set

\mathcal B:=\{q\in(1,M+1]: H(p)\ne H(q)\textrm{ for any }p\ne q\}.

Note that

\mathcal B

is contained in the set {

\mathcal{U}^R

} of bases

q\in(1,M+1]

such that

1\in\mathcal U_q

. By using a transversality technique we also calculate the Hausdorff dimension of the difference

\mathcal U\backslash\mathcal{B}

. Interestingly this quantity is always strictly between 0 and 1. When

M=1

the Hausdorff dimension of

\mathcal U\backslash \mathcal{B}

is

\frac{\log 2}{3\log \lambda^*}\approx 0.368699

, where

\lambda^*

is the unique root in

(1, 2)

of the equation

x^5-x^4-x^3-2x^2+x+1=0

.
The case of equality in the dichotomy of Mohammadi–Oh
Authors: Dufloux Laurent
Published: September 2019

If

n \geq 3

and

\Gamma

is a convex-cocompact Zariski-dense discrete subgroup of

\mathbf{SO}^o(1,n+1)

such that

\delta_\Gamma=n-m

where

m

is an integer,

1 \leq m \leq n-1

, we show that for any

m

-dimensional subgroup

U

in the horospheric group

N

, the Burger–Roblin measure associated to

\Gamma

on the quotient of the frame bundle is

U

-recurrent.
Positive scalar curvature and Poincaré duality for proper actions
Authors: Guo Hao , Mathai Varghese , Wang Hang
Published: September 2019

For

G

an almost-connected Lie group, we study

G

-equivariant index theory for proper co-compact actions with various applications, including obstructions to and existence of

G

-invariant Riemannian metrics of positive scalar curvature. We prove a rigidity result for almost-complex manifolds, generalising Hattori’s results, and an analogue of Petrie’s conjecture. When

G

is an almost-connected Lie group or a discrete group, we establish Poincaré duality between

G

-equivariant

K

-homology and

K

-theory, observing that Poincaré duality does not necessarily hold for general

G

.
Eigenvalues of compactly perturbed operators via entropy numbers
Authors: Hansmann Marcel
Published: September 2019

We derive new estimates for the number of discrete eigenvalues of compactly perturbed operators on Banach spaces, assuming that the perturbing operator is an element of a weak entropy number ideal. Our results improve upon earlier results by the author and by Demuth et al. The main tool in our proofs is an inequality of Carl. In particular, in contrast to all previous results we do not rely on tools from complex analysis.
$C^1$-generic sectional Axiom A flows have only trivial symmetries
Authors: Bonomo Wescley , Varandas Paulo
Published: September 2019

The space of continuous time symmetries of a flow

(X_t)_{t\in\mathbb R}

consists of the space of flows commuting with

(X_t)_{t\in\mathbb R}

. We prove that

C^1

-generic singular Axiom A flows on three-dimensional manifolds,

C^1

-generic Axiom A flows in arbitrary dimension and

C^1

-generic flows on surfaces have trivial symmetries, that is, any flow commuting with any of the latter is a constant reparametrization of it.
Courant-sharp Robin eigenvalues for the square and other planar domains
Authors: Gittins Katie , Helffer Bernard
Published: September 2019

This paper is devoted to the determination of the cases where there is equality in Courant’s nodal domain theorem in the case of a Robin boundary condition. For the square, we partially extend the results that were obtained by Pleijel, Bérard–Helffer, Helffer–Persson Sundqvist for the Dirichlet and Neumann problems. After proving some general results that hold for any value of the Robin parameter

h

, we focus on the case where

h

is large. We consider the case where

h

is small in a second paper. We also obtain some semi-stability results for the number of nodal domains of a Robin eigenfunction of a domain with piecewise

C^{2, \alpha}

boundary

\alpha > 0

as

h

large varies.
How to categorify the ring of integers localized at two
Authors: Khovanov Mikhail , Tian Yin
Published: September 2019

We construct a triangulated monoidal Karoubi closed category with the Grothendieck ring naturally isomorphic to the ring of integers localized at two.
The Story of Apollonius, King of Tyre
Authors: Novak Doroteja
Published: September 2019

Zgodba o Apoloniju, tirskem kralju, se prvič omenja konec 6. stol. po Kr. pri krščanskem pesniku Venanciju Fortunatu (Carmina 6.8.5). Njen avtor je neznan, najverjetneje pa temelji na grškem originalu iz 3. stol. po Kr., ki je izgubljen. V pozni antiki je bil žanr ljubezenskih zgodb zelo priljubljen. Ne glede na to se je do danes v celoviti obliki ohranilo zgolj pet romanov z ljubezensko vsebino. Žanr ljubezenskih romanov se je najverjetneje razvil proti koncu helenistične dobe (1. stol. pr. Kr.). Grški roman z ljubezensko vsebino je vplival tudi na latinsko literaturo in posledično tudi na razvoj romana v današnji obliki.
Effect of Grain Size on the Anodic Dissolution of Lean Duplex UNS S32202 Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel
Authors: David Charles , Ruel Fiona , Krajcarz Florent , Boissy Clément , Saedlou Saghi , Vignal Vincent
Published: September 2019

The effect of grain size on the anodic dissolution of lean duplex UNS S32202 dual-phase austenitic-ferritic stainless steel was evaluated. Grain coarsening was achieved by heat treatment, and grain size and grain boundary densities determined by automatic image analysis after etching. Potentiodynamic electrochemical testing in acidic chloride medium allowed isolating the anodic dissolution behavior of the crystallographic phases of the material. A relationship between grain boundary density (for grain sizes in the micrometer range) and dissolution rate has been found, showing that reducing grain size enhances active corrosion rates in environments that promote active behavior. This leads to new possibilities of industrial adjustment of the corrosion behavior of duplex stainless steels via grain size control.
As inovações biotecnológicas sob as lentes da autodeterminação ecológica para a sustentabilidade
Authors: Accioly de Sá Peixoto Neto Pedro
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as inovações biotecnológicas sob as lentes da autodeterminação ecológica auxiliada pelo imperativo da sustentabilidade. Para tanto, inicialmente será definido o campo das inovações biotecnológicas e sua apropriação como ativo da biodiversidade, face aos imperativos da sustentabilidade. Num segundo momento serão investigados os contornos da autodeterminação ecológica e as conformações jurídicas, como diretrizes de decisões regulatórias no emprego dessas inovações biotecnológicas, com especial destaque para as relacionadas com os organismos geneticamente modificados para a agricultura. O que perpassa, obrigatoriamente, pela valorização não somente econômica, mas, também, das crenças e valores de cada povo, que com o uso da autodeterminação ecológica fará suas escolhas dentro de sua tolerância ao risco.
Tutela da pessoa humana na lei geral de proteção de dados pessoais: entre a atribuição de direitos e a enunciação de remédios
Authors: Souza Eduardo Nunes de , Silva Rodrigo da Guia
Published: September 2019

A Lei n. 13.709/2018, conhecida como Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais, ao instituir um sistema abrangente de proteção do titular de dados pessoais no que diz respeito à coleta, circulação e tratamento desses dados, conta com um capítulo voltado especialmente à enunciação de “direitos”. A análise detida de tais disposições, porém, revela que a lei enuncia (não exatamente direitos, mas sim) remédios voltados à tutela de direitos tradicionalmente reconhecidos pelo ordenamento brasileiro, em especial a privacidade. A técnica remedial, mais comum em sistemas de common law, apresenta peculiaridades que merecem um estudo apurado, sobretudo no que diz respeito à não taxatividade desses instrumentos, de modo a possibilitar uma interpretação e aplicação mais adequada da nova lei. O presente estudo parte justamente da análise da técnica legislativa adotada e das diferenças entre direitos e remédios para situar as disposições da lei no contexto brasileiro e, assim, oferecer subsídios iniciais para o intérprete ao enfrentar o recente diploma legal.
A espetacularização da vida na reprodução humana assistida: uma reflexão necessária
Authors: Froener Ferreira Carla , Catalan Marcos
Published: September 2019

Ambientado no espetáculo pensado por Debord, o artigo emerge entremeio aos choques havidos entre duas dimensões quase nunca concomitantemente exploradas: a reprodução humana assistida e a sociedade de consumo. Tem por hipótese a colonização, pelo Mercado, de espaços que até recentemente só mereciam atenção nas esferas mais íntimas da privada e o correlato desprezo, na seara fenomenológica, de importantes deveres jurídicos desenhados, no Brasil, nas últimas décadas, a partir da percepção da fundamentalidade do Direito do consumidor. A partir daí, o artigo explora, inicialmente, a mutação que marca o cotidiano das famílias brasileiras na qual se inclui o adiamento do projeto parental. O texto flui com a análise de promessas de felicidade formuladas nos cenários da reprodução humana assistida para, mais tarde, comprovar a hipótese antecipada ao salientar a existência de riscos que, embora não informados, impregnam a vida de cada vez mais pessoas. O pensamento crítico e a imaginação jus-sociológica serviram como balizas metodológicas na construção de cada parágrafo alinhavado ao longo deste texto. A análise bibliográfica forneceu o necessário suporte à escrita. Ao final, busca-se chamar a atenção para a imperiosidade de maior respeito a direitos fundamentais, dentre os quais pululam a vida, a saúde, o melhor interesse da criança e a proteção do consumidor.
"Big Brother Watch and Others v. The United Kingdom”: el régimen de vigilancia social y el derecho al respecto a la vida privada y familiar y a la libertad de expresión frente a la Corte Europea de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Seefeldt Pessoa João Pedro , Santos de Oliveira Rafael
Published: September 2019

A partir de las revelaciones de Edward Snowden en 2013, se hicieron públicos diversos detalles sobre programas de vigilancia global y de interceptación de comunicaciones personales, dirigidos por agencias estatales, principalmente de Estados Unidos y del Reino Unido. Los programas de espionaje plantearon problemas relacionados con la seguridad y la defensa nacional en contra de los derechos humanos, como la privacidad y la libertad de expresión. De esta manera, la investigación tiene por objetivo estudiar de qué modo la Corte Europea de Derechos Humanos firma posicionamiento sobre violaciones al derecho al respeto a la vida privada y familiar y a la libertad de expresión frente a la vigilancia social global, considerando el caso "Big Brother Watch and Others v. "The United Kingdom". Para ello, se utiliza el método de abordaje deductivo, aplicándose, como método de procedimiento, el monográfico, a partir de una investigación bibliográfica y documental. Al final, se constató que el TEDH, en esa decisión, entendió que la falta de supervisión en partes del procedimiento de interceptación y la ausencia de garantías reales y públicas al régimen de vigilancia viola el derecho a la privacidad y, tratándose de periodistas, vulnera también el derecho a la libertad de expresión.
A partir das revelações de Edward Snowden em 2013, tornaram-se públicos diversos detalhes sobre programas de vigilância global e de interceptação de comunicações pessoais, dirigidos por agências estatais, principalmente dos Estados Unidos e do Reino Unido. Os programas de espionagem levantaram problemáticas relacionadas à segurança e defesa nacional em desfavor de direitos humanos, como à privacidade e à liberdade de expressão. Dessa maneira, a pesquisa tem por objetivo estudar de que modo a Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos firma posicionamento sobre violações ao direito ao respeito à vida privada e familiar e à liberdade de expressão frente à vigilância social global, considerando o caso “Big Brother Watch and Others v. The United Kingdom”. Para isso, utiliza-se o método de abordagem dedutivo, aplicando-se, como método de procedimento, o monográfico, a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Ao fim, verificou-se que o TEDH, nessa decisão, entendeu que a falta de supervisão em partes do processo de interceptação e a ausência de garantias reais e públicas ao regime de vigilância viola o direito à privacidade e, tratando-se de jornalistas, vulnera também o direito à liberdade de expressão.
Synthesis, spectroscopic studies and X-ray structure determination of two mononuclear copper complexes derived from the Schiff base ligand N,N-dimethyl-N'-((5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methylene)ethane-1,2-diamine
Authors: Haba Pokpa , Sy Adama , Tamboura Farba Bouyagui , Sarr Mamour , Thiam Ibrahima Elhadji , Barry Aliou Hamady , Sall Mohamed Lamine , Gaye Mohamed , Retailleau Pascal
Published: September 2019

Reactions of the Schiff base N,N-dimethyl-N'-((5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methylene) ethane-1,2-diamine (HL), synthesised in situ, with chloride or thiocyanate copper (II) salt; afforded two new mononuclear complexes, [Cu(HL)Cl2]·H2O (1) and [Cu(HL)(SCN)2] (2). These compounds have been studied and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopies, electrochemistry, molar conductivity and room temperature magnetic measurements. Single crystal X-ray structure determination of the complexes revealed the presence of neutral moieties in the asymmetric unit. The mononuclear (1) crystallises in the monoclinic space group P21/c with the following unit cell parameters a = 7.4355(3) Å, b = 7.2952(3) Å, c = 26.2729(11) Å, β = 93.461(4)°, V = 1422.52(10) Å3, Z = 4, R1 = 0.033 and wR2 = 0.082 and the mononuclear complex (2) crystallises in the monoclinic space group C2/c with the following unit cell parameters a = 26.2578(7) Å, b = 7.4334(2) Å, c = 16.6237(5) Å, β = 99.089(3)°, V = 3203.95(16) Å3, Z = 8, R1 = 0.037 and wR2 = 0.104. In both complexes the ligand acts in tridentate fashion and the coordination environment of the copper atom can be described as distorted square pyramidal. The crystal lattice of the complex 1 is stabilized by electrostatic forces of attraction and O–H···Cl, C–H···O, N–H···Cl, and C–H···Cl, hydrogen bonding interactions while the crystal lattice of the complex 2 is stabilized by N–H···S and C–H···N.
Synthesis, reactions and biological evaluation of some novel thienothiophene derivatives
Authors: Mohamed Mounir Abbas Ali , Salah Hanan , El-Saghier Ahmed Mohamed Mohamed
Published: September 2019

Synthesis of some new bis(chalcones)-based thienothiophene derivatives and study of their synthetic utilities as building blocks for new bis(thiazole), bis(dihydropyran), bis(dihydro pyridine), bis(isoxazoles), bis(pyrazoles), bis(hydropyrimidinethiones), bis(tetrahydro diazepines, oxazepines) and bis(dihydrobenzodiazepnies, benzoxazepines) each linked to a thienothiophene core, is reported. Biological evaluation of the obtained compounds as antibacterial agents was achieved. Compounds 4b, 4c, 7a, 6a, 9a and 11b were found to be very potent against P. aeruginosa, E. coli and K. pneumonia.
Effect of microwave oven processing treatments on reduction of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A in maize flour
Authors: Alkadi Hourieh , Altal Jihad
Published: September 2019

The effect of microwave heat has been evaluated for reduction of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A in artificially contaminated maize flour. Contaminated maize flour were heated in microwave for various times at two different power levels. The results suggest that Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A contamination can be reduced by heating samples using microwave oven. The exposure time to heat appears to have a great effect in reduction both of the toxins in maize flour samples. It is also necessary to pay attention on initial concentrations of Aflatoxin B1 or Ochratoxin A in studied maize flour samples.
Application of multiple reaction monitoring for quantitation of sweeteners in food products
Authors: Zaghary Wafaa Abdou , Abdalla Ahmed Mostafa , Hanna Emily Tawfik , Shoukry Nermeen Abdallah
Published: September 2019

A coupled UPLC-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitation of food sweeteners stevioside (STV) and aspartame (ASP). Good chromato-graphic separation was achieved on a Hypersil gold 50×2.1 mm (1.9 μm) column, using a gradient flow of 10 mM ammonium acetate, pH = 2.9 adjusted with formic acid, and 10 mM ammonium acetate in acetonitrile:water (95:5, v:v) as the mobile phase. The eluate was introduced to ESI-Mass spectrometer and scanned using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The method was robust, reproducible and easy to use and was validated according to ICH guidelines for the accuracy and precision giving acceptable ranges. The utilization of multiple reaction monitoring improved the selectivity of detection. Method was linear in the ranges of 2-250 ng/mL for STV and ASP. Application of this method on laboratory mixtures of the selected sweeteners was successful. The using of mass spectrometry make the method selective and measurement did not affect the presence of impurities, additive and other ingredients of detection due to the simplicity and sensitivity of this method allows the utilization of method in quality control of STV and ASP.
Editorial Board
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: September 2019

Editorial Board
Graphical Contents
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: September 2019

Graphical Contents
Long-term Total Water Storage Change from a SAtellite Water Cycle (SAWC) reconstruction over large south Asian basins
Authors: Pellet Victor , Aires Filipe , Papa Fabrice , Munier Simon , Decharme Bertrand
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The Total Water Storage Change (TWSC) over land is a major component of the global water cycle, with a large influence on climate variability, sea level budget and water resources availability for human life. Its first estimates at large-scale were made available with GRACE observations for the 2002–2016 period, followed since 2018 by the launch of GRACE-FO mission. In this paper, using an approach based on the water mass conservation rule, we proposed to merge satellite-based observations of precipitation and evapotranspiration along with in situ river discharge measurements to estimate TWSC over longer time periods (typically from 1980 to 2016), compatible with climate studies. We performed this task over five major Asian basins, subject to both large climate variability and strong anthropogenic pressure for water resources, and for which long term record of in situ discharge measurements are available. Our SAtellite Water Cycle (SAWC) reconstruction provides TWSC estimates very coherent in terms of seasonal and interannual variations with independent sources of information such as (1) TWSC GRACE-derived observations (over the 2002–2015 period), (2) ISBA-CTRIP model simulations (1980–2015), and (3) multi-satellite inundation extent (1993–2007). This analysis shows the advantages of the use of multiple satellite-derived data sets along with in situ data to perform hydrologically coherent reconstruction of missing water component estimate. It provides a new critical source of information for long term monitoring of TWSC and to better understand their critical role in the global and terrestrial water cycle.
Assessment of geomorphic effectiveness of controlled floods in a
braided river using a reduced-complexity numerical model
Authors: Ziliani Luca , Surian Nicola , Botter Gianluca , Mao Luca
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Most Alpine rivers have undergone strong alteration of flow and sediment regimes. These alterations have notable effects on river morphology and ecology. One option to mitigate such effects is the flow regime management, specifically by the re-introduction of channel-forming discharges. The aim of this work is to assess the morphological changes induced in the Piave River (Italy) due to two different controlled flood strategies, the first characterized by a single artificial flood per year and the second by higher magnitude, but less frequent, floods. The work was carried out applying a 2D reduced-complexity morphodynamic model (CAESAR-LISFLOOD) to a 7 km-long reach, characterized by a braided pattern and highly regulated discharges. The numerical modelling allowed the assessment of morphological changes for four long-term scenarios (2009–2034). The scenarios were defined taking into account the current flow regime and the natural regime, which was estimated by a stochastic physically-based hydrologic model. Changes in channel morphology were assessed by measuring active channel width and braiding intensity. Comparing controlled flood scenarios to a baseline scenario (i.e., no controlled floods) it turned out that artificial floods had small effects on channel morphology. The highest channel widening (13.5 %) was produced by the release strategy with higher magnitude floods, while the other strategies produced lower widening (8.6 %). Negligible change was observed in terms of braiding intensity. Results pointed out that controlled floods may not represent an effective solution for morphological recovery in braided rivers strongly impacted in their flow and sediment regimes.
Benchmarking the predictive capability of hydrological models for river flow and flood peak predictions across over 1000 catchments in Great Britain
Authors: Lane Rosanna A. , Coxon Gemma , Freer Jim E. , Wagener Thorsten , Johnes Penny J. , Bloomfield John P. , Greene Sheila , Macleod Christopher J. A. , Reaney Sim M.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Benchmarking model performance across large samples of
catchments is useful to guide model selection and future model development.
Given uncertainties in the observational data we use to drive and evaluate
hydrological models, and uncertainties in the structure and parameterisation
of models we use to produce hydrological simulations and predictions, it is
essential that model evaluation is undertaken within an uncertainty analysis
framework. Here, we benchmark the capability of several lumped hydrological
models across Great Britain by focusing on daily flow and peak flow
simulation. Four hydrological model structures from the Framework for
Understanding Structural Errors (FUSE) were applied to over 1000 catchments
in England, Wales and Scotland. Model performance was then evaluated using
standard performance metrics for daily flows and novel performance metrics
for peak flows considering parameter uncertainty. Our results show that lumped hydrological models were able to produce
adequate simulations across most of Great Britain, with each model producing
simulations exceeding a 0.5 Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency for at least 80 % of
catchments. All four models showed a similar spatial pattern of performance,
producing better simulations in the wetter catchments to the west and poor
model performance in central Scotland and south-eastern England. Poor model performance
was often linked to the catchment water balance, with models unable to
capture the catchment hydrology where the water balance did not close.
Overall, performance was similar between model structures, but different
models performed better for different catchment characteristics and metrics,
as well as for assessing daily or peak flows, leading to the ensemble of
model structures outperforming any single structure, thus demonstrating the
value of using multi-model structures across a large sample of different
catchment behaviours. This research evaluates what conceptual lumped models can achieve as a
performance benchmark and provides interesting insights into where
and why these simple models may fail. The large number of river catchments
included in this study makes it an appropriate benchmark for any future
developments of a national model of Great Britain.
Does the weighting of climate simulations result in a better quantification of hydrological impacts?
Authors: Wang Hui-Min , Chen Jie , Xu Chong-Yu , Chen Hua , Guo Shenglian , Xie Ping , Li Xiangquan
Published: September 2019

Abstract. With the increase in the number of available global climate models (GCMs), pragmatic questions come up in using them to quantify climate change impacts on hydrology: is it necessary to unequally weight GCM outputs in the impact studies, and if so, how should they be weighted? Some weighting
methods have been proposed based on the performances of GCM simulations with respect to reproducing the observed climate. However, the process from
climate variables to hydrological responses is nonlinear, and thus the
assigned weights based on performances of GCMs in climate simulations may
not be correctly translated to hydrological responses. Assigning weights to
GCM outputs based on their ability to represent hydrological simulations is
more straightforward. Accordingly, the present study assigns weights to GCM
simulations based on their ability to reproduce hydrological characteristics
and investigates their influences on the quantification of hydrological
impacts. Specifically, eight weighting schemes are used to determine the
weights of GCM simulations based on streamflow series simulated by a lumped
hydrological model using raw or bias-corrected GCM outputs. The impacts of
weighting GCM simulations are investigated in terms of reproducing the
observed hydrological regimes for the reference period (1970–1999) and
quantifying the uncertainty of hydrological changes for the future period (2070–2099). The results show that when using raw GCM outputs to simulate streamflows, streamflow-based weights have a better performance in
reproducing observed mean hydrograph than climate-variable-based weights.
However, when bias correction is applied to GCM simulations before driving
the hydrological model, the streamflow-based unequal weights do not bring
significant differences in the multi-model ensemble mean and uncertainty of
hydrological impacts, since bias-corrected climate simulations become rather
close to observations. Thus, it is likely that using bias correction and
equal weighting is viable and sufficient for hydrological impact studies.
HAPPY OR SCARED – DETECTING EMOTIONS OF PEDELEC DRIVERS IN URBAN AREAS
Authors: Dastageeri H. , Rodrigues P. , Silberer J.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. With rising population, cities face new challenges. A key challenge for city administrators is to address the overall well-being of its citizens. This includes both physical and emotional health. Towards this objective, cities around the world are heavily investing in green mobility with support for sustainable modes (e.g. public transport, cycling, walking) as an alternative to individual motorized transport using combustion engine. However, very little attention is paid towards identifying the effect of green mobility on the emotional states of citizens. Several studies show a link between an upbeat emotional state and physical signs of good health. Furthermore, as urban centres expand it is imperative to find a balanced combination of physical and emotional health during last mile urban commute. In this paper, we try to find a feasible method for urban emotion detection in the age of last mile green mobility. Our approach relies on Machine Learning (ML) techniques to predict emotions with real-time data.
SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE FOR MANAGEMENT OF BIM, 3D GIS AND SENSORS DATA
Authors: Aleksandrov M. , Diakité A. , Yan J. , Li W. , Zlatanova S.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This paper presents a system architecture for structuring and manipulation of Building Information Models (BIM), three-dimensional (3D) geospatial information, point clouds and time series data obtained from sensors. The system consists of four layers including data pre-processing, data structuring and storage, system interface and front-end data manipulation. To enable the integration of different data, a unified UML model is developed. The paper explains all steps of 3D reconstruction, BIM geo-referencing, storage of spatial data and visualisation. Special attention is given to the integration of sensors data. The data model and the system architecture are tested for a university campus. The results demonstrate an approach for BIM-GIS-Sensor integration as part of Precinct Information Modelling (PIM). The system architecture allows for a flexible structuring and manipulation of different spatial data towards managing various 3D spatial and non-spatial data.
TOWARDS EGRESS MODELLING IN VOXEL BUILDING MODELS
Authors: Gorte B. , Aleksandrov M. , Zlatanova S.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Egress (or Evacuation) modelling has the purpose to simulate how the people inside a building can move outside in a safe manner and as quick as possible in case of an emergency. The goal can be to assess the safety of an existing building or a building design, to establish evacuation routes and install signage, or even to give real-time guidance to the evacuating crowd during an emergency. In all cases, the availability of a three-dimensional building model allows to generate the necessary input for the egress modelling software. The algorithms for such software can be subdivided into two major categories, working with navigation grids or navigation networks, respectively. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate that voxel-based building models are particularly suited to provide input for both categories. We further illustrate how to process might continue using an algorithm based on (electrical) network analysis, which can be applied in both a gridded and a network-based simulation. We provide preliminary results for the gridded case.
Landfalls of Tropical Cyclones with Rapid Intensification in the Western North Pacific
Authors: Yang Jie , Chen Meixiang
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This study statistically investigates the seasonal and decadal variation of tropical cyclones (TCs) underwent rapid intensification (RI) and their landfalling cyclone energy in the western North Pacific using the satellite-era best track data from 1986 to 2017. Totally 31.2 % TCs have underwent at least one RI processes (RI TCs) and 341 made landfalls after RI from 946 historical TCs, using the definition of 95th percentile from the accumulative probability distribution of over-water 24-h TC intensity change. The frequent-occurrence region of RI is found in sea areas to the east of Philippines, and the mean genesis and on-set locations of landfalling TCs underwent RI had westward components compared with the ones did not made landfalls. The Philippine coast, the southern Chinese coast and the coast along the southern Japan are the three main regions affected by the landfalling RI TCs. The coasts in the latter two regions have increased trend of cyclone energy since 1986, which possibly correlates with the poleward migration of the mean latitude where TCs reach their lifetime maximum intensities (LMI). The frequency of the landfalling RI TCs have a significant upward trend with insignificant increase in their LMI, while both the LMI and landfalling cyclone energy by TCs that didn't undergo RI in the western North Pacific show downward trends in the period during 1986–2017. The changes of the LMI distribution in the western North Pacific are related tightly with these two types of TCs with different intensification rates: strong TCs are found become stronger mainly due to more active RI processes, while weak TCs have weakened in majority of moderate intensity TCs, which didn't experience RI processes.
The complexity of family language policy decisions: The case of Cantonese and other regional Chinese varieties
Authors: Yaling Li , Danli Li , Xuesong Gao
Published: September 2019

This paper explores the beliefs, attitudes, and efforts of parents with regard to the use and preservation of regional Chinese varieties including Cantonese in the region of Guangzhou, China. The study relied on a sequential mixed method approach, involving 771 parents who completed a parental questionnaire in an online survey on Chinese parents’ language ideology, practice, and management in the home domain, followed by semi-structured interviews of 10 of the surveyed participants to gather detailed data related to the questionnaire results. The study identified inconsistencies in the participants’ beliefs and actual language practice in the survey, revealing mediation by sociolinguistic complexities, national language policies, and socioeconomic conditions on family language decisions and practices. These remind us that the survival of regional Chinese varieties or linguistic varieties without official recognition requires conducive socio-political conditions, including relevant national language policies. The results also suggest that researchers should be particularly concerned by the decline of regional Chinese varieties other than Cantonese, which are not backed up by the national language policy but enjoy a similarly prestigious status to Cantonese in the region.
Motivation for Learning Spanish as a Foreign Language: The Case of Chinese L1 Speakers at University Level
Authors: Lu Xiuchuan , Zheng Yongyan , Ren Wei
Published: September 2019

The study of motivation based on non-English languages has attracted increasing attention in recent years, but related research in China is still limited. In an attempt to address this situation and with Dörnyei’s L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) as a framework, this paper studied seventeen Chinese university students’ motivational disposition to learn Spanish as their university major without abandoning their English study. Based on Q-methodology and complementary interviews, the results of our experiment showed that these Chinese students displayed two types of foreign-language learning motivation, one being “Multilingual group with an English orientation”, and the other “Strong Spanish”. The first group, profoundly influenced by their ideal L2 selves, had a strong motivation to learn English instead of Spanish, while the second group learned Spanish with a motivation closely related to their ought-to L2 selves. A variety of analyses were applied to answer questions pertaining to group differences and students’ attitudes towards Spanish and English learning mediated by individual, educational, and social factors.
El desarrollo de la expresión escrita mediante el uso de correctores gramaticales en español como 2L: la efectividad de "CorrectMe"
Authors: Chacón-Beltrán Rubén
Published: September 2019

Este artículo presenta algunos resultados preliminares sobre la efectividad de un prototipo de corrector ortográfico y gramatical diseñado para aprendices de español como L2 con la finalidad de proporcionar al usuario información sobre sus errores mientras escribe. Esta herramienta, denominada CorrectMe, permite a los usuarios contrastar sus redacciones con un corpus normativo amplio que proporcionará datos sobre la frecuencia de aparición de palabras y pares de palabras, también conocidos como bigramas, en un corpus de español correcto. Desde el punto de vista metodológico se realiza un énfasis en la forma lingüística que llamará la atención del usuario sobre determinados errores, o posibles errores, proporcionándole así la oportunidad de procesar y corregir sus redacciones en el momento. Para analizar la efectividad de CorrectMe se han procesado dos corpus lingüísticos de aprendices de español como Segunda Lengua de 8.994 y 13.018 palabras, correspondientes a los niveles B1 y C1 del MCERL respectivamente.
Respuesta Sísmica de Tanques de Concreto Armado para Almacenamiento de Agua con Sistema de Aislación del Tipo Elastomérico con Núcleo de Plomo
Authors: Mamani Elvis Jony
Published: September 2019

Se muestran las respuestas sísmicas de tanques de Concreto Armado (CA) para almacenamiento de agua con sistema de aislación del tipo Elastomérico con Núcleo de Plomo (lead rubber bearing, LRB) bajo solicitación sísmica bi-direccional. Para el análisis sísmico se consideró que el tanque posee comportamiento lineal elástico, además se empleó un modelo mecánico equivalente para representar la interacción tanque-agua, y se utilizó un modelo histerético del tipo bi-axial para representar el comportamiento del sistema de aislación. Los parámetros de estudio son: la razón altura de agua-radio interior del tanque, la razón espesor de la pared del tanque-radio interior del tanque, el periodo de vibración objetivo del sistema de aislación, y la razón de resistencia del sistema de aislación. Se utilizaron 21 pares de registros sísmicos del movimiento del suelo. Las respuestas sísmicas del sistema de base aislada muestran una efectividad en la reducción de los valores de la fuerza cortante basal en comparación con el sistema de base fija del orden de 17% a 74% para H/R = 0.5; de 50% a 83% para H/R = 1.0; de 75% a 91% para H/R = 2.0 (H/R = razón altura de agua-radio interior del tanque).
A construção de capacidade estatal de comunicação pelo Partido dos Trabalhadores: intenções e resultados
Authors: Ives Diogo
Published: September 2019

O artigo parte de entendimentos teóricos sobre capacidades estatais para desenvolver o conceito de capacidade estatal de comunicação, instrumento pelo qual o governo divulga suas ideias e ações à sociedade através de veículos de mídia de massa de propriedade do Estado. Em seguida, analisa-se como essa capacidade foi pensada pelo Partido dos Trabalhadores antes de ocupar o governo federal brasileiro (1980- 2002) e como foi implementada durante as presidências de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016). Verifica-se que um discurso de democratização dos meios de comunicação, favorável a uma melhor distribuição de poder entre os setores estatal, público e privado de mídia, muito presente nas décadas iniciais do partido, foi amenizado nos treze anos de exercício do poder federal em favor de ações de conciliação com a grande imprensa privada. Desse modo, ações tomadas no sentido de aumentar a capacidade estatal de comunicação foram insuficientes para reduzir a hegemonia do setor privado no sistema brasileiro de mídia, o que compromete ideais democráticos.
Corrupção e desigualdade na perspectiva de intérpretes neorrepublicanos de Maquiavel
Authors: Marques Miquéias Serrão
Published: September 2019

Este artigo busca discutir o conceito de corrupção presente no Discursos sobre a primeira década de Tito Lívio (Discorsi) de Maquiavel. A problemática que nos norteia é: existe alguma “doença” nociva ao ciclo de vida de um corpo político republicano? A hipótese com a qual trabalhamos coloca a corrupção política como a principal enfermidade de uma república, cujos danos tornam-se irreparáveis quando seus cidadãos perdem seus costumes cívicos. Descreveremos o conceito de corrupção com o qual Maquiavel trabalha; analisaremos sua gênese e algumas de suas repercussões cívicas e institucionais à república romana; mapearemos a noção de corrupção e desigualdade desenvolvida pelos intérpretes, dentre eles: Pocock (2008), Skinner (1996), Bignotto (1991), Ménissier (2013), Sparling (2014) e Maher (2017). A presente discussão terá como foco a leitura dos capítulos 16, 17, 18 e 55 do livro I do Discorsi. Veremos que o adoecimento cívico e institucional daquele corpo político degenerou sua virtù, o que trouxe sérios obstáculos ao exercício da liberdade.
O "racismo de classe": Representações elitistas sobre os pobres e a pobreza no Brasil
Authors: Voigt Lucas , Pagani Junior Volni Luiz
Published: September 2019

O artigo realiza uma análise do “racismo de classe”, seguindo a formulação proposta por Jessé Souza, produzido pelas “elites brasileiras” nas suas representações acerca dos fenômenos dos pobres e da pobreza. Na primeira parte, procedemos a uma fundamentação sociológica da noção de racismo de classe, com base nos trabalhos de Pierre Bourdieu e Norbert Elias. Na segunda parte, analisamos o racismo de classe à brasileira, isto é, as particularidades assumidas pelo racismo de classe no Brasil. Sustenta-se que o racismo de classe constitui-se como uma reação das elites à ascensão a certas esferas de consumo por parte de segmentos mais pobres da população brasileira, notadamente os batalhadores. Na terceira parte, analisamos propriamente algumas manifestações do racismo de classe veiculadas na mídia – seja por jornalistas, ou manifestações anônimas produzidas diretamente por membros das elites. Demonstra-se que o racismo de classe opera uma associação entre a pobreza e a vagabundagem, a falta de inteligência e a ausência de modos de conduta distintos e civilizados. Por fim, propomos o conceito de “pobreza arcana”, compreendido como o fenômeno de exaltação dos signos da pobreza e de ocultamento das suas origens, defendendo a necessidade de uma análise relacional para o fenômeno da pobreza-riqueza.
Liberdade de imprensa na obra de Benjamin Constant: direito individual liberal ou garantia política republicana?
Authors: Freller Felipe
Published: September 2019

O artigo indaga o estatuto teórico da liberdade de imprensa na obra de Benjamin Constant, tendo como referência sua distinção entre princípios de liberdade e garantias. A hipótese é que a liberdade de imprensa é um componente da liberdade dos modernos no qual ocorre a articulação entre a esfera dos princípios de liberdade e a das garantias. Essa articulação é remetida ao esforço do autor para integrar duas linguagens políticas fundamentais para a elaboração de sua teoria política: a republicana e a liberal. O artigo reconstrói uma teoria da liberdade de imprensa desenvolvida pelo autor em linguagem liberal, a qual delimita o campo do pensamento e de sua expressão como pertencendo de direito ao domínio individual e define essa liberdade pela fórmula da não intervenção. Em seguida, sustenta que argumentos oriundos de uma linguagem republicana são construídos paralelamente à justificativa puramente liberal. Esses argumentos republicanos compreendem a liberdade de imprensa como um traço fundamental de uma constituição livre, na qual o arcabouço institucional e o espírito público se opõem à emergência de um poder arbitrário. Esse aspecto da obra de Constant é mobilizado para reavaliar os fundamentos normativos da liberdade de imprensa e seus desafios na sociedade moderna.