bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EL ARTE RUPESTRE DE LA REGIÓN DE AISÉN (CHILE): UNA SISTEMATIZACIÓN DE LA INFORMACIÓN ESPACIAL Y TEMPORAL
Authors: Mendez Cesar , Nuevo-Delaunay Amalia , Moreno-Meynard Paulo , Moya Cañoles Francisca , Cordero-Fernández Rosario , Muñoz Soto Camila , Artigas Diego , Barrera Macarena , Gómez Maria Luisa , Gajardo-Araos Javiera
Published: April 2024

Una comprensión cabal de las tendencias espaciales del arte rupestre a escala regional requiere un apropiado manejo de la información, la cual no siempre es equivalente en calidad o detalle. Fruto del trabajo de distintos equipos de investigación a través del tiempo y con el uso de distintas metodologías es esperable que áreas amplias ostenten un alto grado en la diversidad de los datos. Este es el caso de la región de Aisén en Patagonia centro occidental, donde pese a la profusión de arte rupestre, su información asociada es variablemente conocida, desigualmente publicada y con disímiles niveles de accesibilidad. Sin embargo, dado el gran interés que concitan estas manifestaciones y la necesidad de distintos actores sociales de informarse para la adecuada protección del patrimonio, se desarrolló una sistematización de información a escala regional con el fin de poner a disposición un cúmulo de datos validados y útiles para científicos, autoridades y comunidades locales. En esta contribución se presenta la metodología implementada en dicha investigación y sus resultados. Ésta corresponde a una etapa inicial en el procesamiento de la información en una escala regional, en la cual se espera que se acrecienten las diferencias y para la cual se precisan estrategias que integren equipos de investigación, disciplinas y visiones. No obstante, el uso de información estandarizada a nivel espacial y contextual, y en términos de la descripción de atributos básicos del arte rupestre, permiten obtener resultados iniciales en cuanto a la distribución espacial de las manifestaciones y su cronología asociada.
DEVELOPMENT OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN THE SPHERE OF WASTE CIRCULATION IN THE ARCTIC ZONE
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, GOLOVINA T.A. , AVDEEVA I.L. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: April 2024

The relevance of this study is due to the need to introduce the concept of circular economy in the economic sectors of the constituent entities of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, taking into account the increase in the total amount of household and industrial waste from business structures and the population. The circular economy is a new economic model in which secondary raw materials are involved in economic circulation, that is, the production cycle is closed, which gives economic and environmental effects. The purpose is to substantiate the feasibility of applying the concept of circular economy to improve the efficiency of waste management in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The object of the study is the waste management based on the concept of circular economy. The subject of the study is organizational and managerial relations that arise in the process of interaction between government bodies, business structures and the population of the constituent entities of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the field of waste management. Research methodology: general theoretical methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, monographic method, as well as the theory of the stakeholder approach, the concept of change management and strategic management. As a result, the authors of the study substantiated the need to develop measures to improve the efficiency of waste management in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The concept of creating eco-technoparks is proposed as a promising tool for circular economy, for the development of which a set of organizational, managerial and regulatory measures is developed, among which the key role of state support and partnership between government authorities and business structures is highlighted.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AUTHORITIES’ INTERACTION WITH THE POPULATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL PROJECTS: ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MERZLYAKOV A.А. , GUSEYNOVA K.E. ,   Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, SMIRNOVA A.S. ,   Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

In modern Russian society, social networks have become a significant channel of communication between authorities and the population. Thanks to the analysis of social networks, it has become possible to evaluate the reactions of residents in real time and identify the most pressing social problems. In this regard, it becomes relevant to study the direct participation of the population in the practice of making management decisions. Purpose: to determine the effectiveness of interaction between authorities and the population on social networks. Methodology and methods: the article presents the results of the second wave of data analysis of the social network “Vkontakte” in the context of the implementation of national projects. The assessment of the interaction of authorities with the population was carried out according to three main criteria: the implementation of national projects, the role of the population in decision-making, and the presence of communication elements. The results of a comparative study (2020 and 2023) indicate the presence of a number of formal changes in the organization of their interaction. However, real communication between regional authorities and the population remains ineffective.
Safer National Maternity Care: Prospects and Challenges
Authors: MIA Saleh
Published: April 2024

The delivery of safe maternity care has become an increasing focus of
attention, especially in recent years due to high-profile serious
failings in care at individual NHS trusts.
Preventable tragic adverse events in maternity care have devastating
consequences for families, and the associated negligence claims create
huge costs for the NHS. Reducing harm in maternity
care is a major priority to protect families and NHS sustainability.
Much work to date has focused on identifying what
goes wrong in maternity care. Much has been learned from inquiries and
investigations into adverse events in maternity care.
However, the resulting recommendations have not,
as in other areas of quality and safety, always had impacts that are as
powerful or consistent as might be hoped. This
review article takes a fresh and positive perspective and shares
learning on the key findings of the recent national maternal enquiries
and investigations reports into adverse events in the care given to some
mothers and babies. It makes the case for
universal implementation of specific key measures in order to improve
the quality of maternity care and its safety profile.
The Rising Potential of Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Patent Analysis of Extraction and Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Saqib , Rahim Dr. Zulhasni Abdul
Published: April 2024

Sustainable alternatives to traditional solvents (deep eutectic solvents
(DESs) are now in the works. Because of their unique qualities, they may
be used in various contexts. The potential of DESs in extraction
processes and energy storage technologies has been evaluated by looking
at recently issued patents. Compared to toxic solvents, DES extraction
procedures are safer and more environmentally friendly for isolating
desired chemicals. DES electrolytes are well-suited for high-performance
batteries and supercapacitors due to their high ionic conductivity and
electrochemical stability. However, significant commercial use still
needs to be improved by issues with scalability, economic feasibility,
and legislation. Despite these challenges, there are rising prospects
for DESs to move from academic curiosity to practical solutions, as
evidenced by patent applications and research advancements. DES platform
technologies can improve process efficiency and lessen environmental
consequences if implemented, coordinated, and removed barriers. This
patent research provides insight into future technology directions for
releasing DESs’ full potential.
The role of hybrid zones on the phylogeography of two willow species pairs (Salix L.) in the European Alps
Authors: Pittet Loïc , Marinček Pia , Kosiński Piotr , Wagner Natascha , Hörandl Elvira
Published: April 2024

Pleistocene climate oscillations influenced the biogeographical history
of most species. In the European Alps, mountain plants were restricted
to refugial areas during cold phases of glacial cycles and recolonized
newly available habitats during warm periods. The current ranges of
alpine plants represent a transient stage of a continuous and dynamic
recolonization process that started after the last glaciations.
Differences in recolonization rate and range filling are observed
between different mountain plant species, but the reasons remain
insufficiently explored. Here, we investigated the effects of secondary
contact hybridization on range expansion between two related willow
species pairs that came into secondary contact. RAD sequencing data was
used to identify potential refugial areas and characterize the secondary
contact zones. Leaf phenotypes were measured using morphometrics.
Distribution modeling was used to find current suitable habitats.
Results suggests that peripheral glacial refugia played a major role in
the history of the species. For both species’ pairs, the secondary
contact zones showed homoploid hybridization between parents, which is
also supported by the morphometric analyses. The hybrid zones are
broader than expected and characterized by introgression. Current
projections of species distribution identified suitable habitats beyond
the secondary contact zone. We suggest that the parents’ range expansion
is blocked by the hybrid zones. Indeed, due to the high genetic
similarity, each dispersal beyond the secondary contact zone results in
the long term in hybridization and introgression with the already
established parent. Therefore, hybridization acts here as a barrier to
further recolonization.
Advancing Drought Modeling: Harnessing Innovative GEE-derived Parameters for Improved Fusion-based Analysis at Regional Scale
Authors: Heydari Hamed , Momeni Mehdi , Nadi Saeed
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This study proposes a novel fusion-based approach using Google
Earth Engine (GEE) to accurately model distinct drought phenomena in
various environmental regions, with Iran as a case study. The method
integrates Environmental Parameters (EPs) - Vegetation (Veg),
Temperature (Tem), Humidity (Hum), and Evaporation-Transpiration (ET) -
with auxiliary parameters such as land-cover, topography, and wind-speed
to improve modeling accuracy. A 39-year (1982-2020) time series of 14
Remote Sensing (RS) indices and 18 Ground-Based (GB) drought indices
were used as input and output, respectively, for training and testing
machine learning algorithms in three phases. The results obtained during
the test period (2015-2020) from each phase were employed in the next
phase based on a hereditary procedure to evaluate the potential of the
proposed indices and their associated EPs (group of indices). The
Consolidated Fusion-Based Drought Model (CFDM) was developed as the
final product, which demonstrated superior accuracy and stability
compared to other models, with an overall accuracy (OA) higher than 90%
for all GB indices. As a result, the CFDM has utilized for generating
drought maps in Iran. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the simultaneous
use of auxiliary parameters and EPs was demonstrated through the
Prevalent Fusion-Based Drought Model (PFDM). Our approach entails a
systematic framework that incorporates innovative parameters
(indices/indicators) to accurately model drought phenomena. This can
contribute to the development of effective management strategies.
Evaluation of Mortality Data Sources Compared to the National Death Index in the Healthcare Integrated Research Database
Authors: Jamal-Allial Aziza , Sponholtz Todd , Vojjala Shiva K. , Paullin Mark , Papazian Anahit , Eshete Biruk , Mahmoudpour Seyed Hamidreza , Verpillat Patrice , Beachler Daniel
Published: April 2024

Purpose Ascertainment of mortality is critical to epidemiologic
studies. Secondary collected database studies face challenges given the
need to record mortality data in health claims or electronic medical
records. The National Death Index (NDI) is the gold standard for
mortality data in the U.S. Methods This study is a secondary
analysis of an advanced cancer cohort in the U.S. between January 2010
and December 2018, with an established NDI linkage. Mortality data
sources, inpatient discharge, disenrollment, death master file (DMF),
Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Utilization management
data (U.M.), and online obituary data were compared to NDI. We
calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV),
negative predictive value (NPV), and 95% confidence intervals (95%
CI). Per each source, death identified 60 days before and 30 days after
NDI death was deemed a match. Results Among 40,692 patients,
25,761 (63.3%) had a death date using NDI; the composite algorithm had
a sensitivity of 88.9% (95% CI= 88.5%, 89.3%), specificity was
89.1% (95% CI= 88.6%, 89.6%). At the same time, PPV was 93.4% (95%
CI= 93.1%, 93.7%), NPV was 82.3% (95% CI= 81.7%, 82.9%), and when
comparing each individual source, each had a high PPV but limited
sensitivity. Conclusion The composite algorithm was demonstrated
to be a sensitive and precise measure of mortality in advanced cancer
patients in the U.S. from 2010 to 2018, while individual database
sources were accurate but had limited sensitivity compared to the NDI.
A matter of scale: Identifying the best spatial and temporal scale of environmental variables to model the distribution of a small cetacean
Authors: Goh Tiffany , Jessopp Mark , Rogan Emer , Pirotta Enrico
Published: April 2024

The importance of scale when investigating ecological patterns and
processes is recognised across many species. In marine ecosystems, the
processes that drive species distribution have a hierarchical structure
over multiple nested spatial and temporal scales. Hence, multi-scale
approaches should be considered when developing accurate distribution
models to identify key habitats, particularly for populations of
conservation concern. Here, we propose a modelling procedure to identify
the best spatial and temporal scale for each modelled and remotely
sensed oceanographic variable to model harbour porpoise (Phocoena
phocoena) distribution. Harbour porpoise sightings were recorded during
dedicated line-transect aerial surveys conducted in the summer of 2016,
2021 and 2022 in the northeast Atlantic. Binary generalised additive
models were used to assess the relationships between porpoise presence
and oceanographic variables at different spatial (5, 20 and 40 km) and
temporal (daily, monthly and across survey period) scales. Selected
variables included sea surface temperature, thermal fronts,
chlorophyll-a, sea surface height, mixed layer depth and salinity. A
total of 30,514 km was covered on-effort with 216 harbour porpoise
sightings recorded. Overall, the best spatial scale corresponded to the
coarsest resolution considered in this study (40 km), while porpoise
presence showed stronger association with oceanographic variables
summarised at a longer temporal scale (monthly and averaged over survey
period). Habitat models including covariates at coarse spatial and
temporal scales may better reflect the processes driving availability
and abundance of prey resources at the large scales covered during the
surveys. These findings support the hypothesis that a multi-scale
approach should be applied when investigating species distribution.
Identifying suitable spatial and temporal scale would improve the
functional interpretation of the underlying relationships, particularly
when studying how a small marine predator interacts with its environment
and responds to climate and ecosystem changes.
Concurrent Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report of Sustained Remission and Review of the Literature
Authors: Zalewski Kristina , Cantor Evan , Chu Roland , Mody Rajen , Yanik Greg , Sedig Laura
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Introduction: Germ cell tumors (GCT) encompass a wide
variety of neoplasms with varying clinical behavior dependent on
histology, staging, and site. GCT remain relatively uncommon in the
pediatric population and most patients have a favorable prognosis.
However, the well-established co-occurrence of primary mediastinal GCT
(PMGCT) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a dismal prognosis with few
reported patients achieving sustained remission. Case presentation: An
18 y.o. male was concurrently diagnosed with PMGCT and AML, type M7.
Cytogenetic analysis revealed a complex set of chromosomal alterations
along with homozygous deletion of TP53. His concurrent oncologic
processes were managed with a variety of chemotherapy regimens, complete
surgical resection of the mediastinal mass, and hematopoietic stem cell
transplant (HSCT). He is one of few patients with concurrent PMGCT and
AML able to achieve remission with no evidence of disease nearly 5 years
after completion of treatment. Conclusion: The rare, but
well-identified, association between PMGCT and concurrent or subsequent
AML has a dismal prognosis. Modern genetics sequencing has identified
common aberrations, including i(12p), trisomy/tetrasomy 8, TP53, and
PTEN mutations. With this knowledge, it may allow for future tailoring
of therapy to improve the predicted outcome of patients with PMGCT and
AML.
Fabulous but Forgotten Fucoid Forests
Authors: Thomsen Mads , South Paul , Staehr Peter
Published: April 2024

1. Fucoid forests are areas dominated by marine brown seaweed in the
taxonomic order Fucales that, like the better-known marine foundation
species - corals, kelps, seagrasses, salt marshes, and mangroves - are
threatened by anthropogenic stressors. 2. Fucoid forests are fabulous
and important because they, like the better-known marine foundation
species (i) span large areas, bioregions, and ecosystems, (ii) provide
ecological functions such as high productivity and biodiversity, and
(iii) support a variety of ecosystem services including habitat for
commercial fishery species, food for humans and cultural values. 3.
Fucoid forests are, based on a new citation analysis, forgotten
worldwide, because they are described orders of magnitude less than the
better-known marine foundation species, in ecology and marine biology
textbooks, in Google Scholar and Scopus databases over scientific
literature, and in recent reports and reviews about seaweed forests. 4.
Fucoid forests would be less forgotten if more people acknowledge their
biological importance and societal value more often and equate their
importance to that of the better-known marine foundation species.
Perhaps name-recognition would also improve if fucoids are unified under
a non-taxonomic common name across teaching, research, management, and
conservation, like the better-known marine foundation species. We agree
with the marine scientists that have used ‘rockweed’ as such a common
name to describe all fucoids, but other seaweed-experts disagree because
they (a) do not agree fucoids are forgotten, (b) dislike common names or
(c) argue rockweed should only describe fucoid species in the family
Fucaceae.
TDM of belatacept and other biologicals in transplantation.
Authors: Bergan Stein , Vethe Nils Tore
Published: April 2024

In solid organ transplantation biologicals like recombinant therapeutic
proteins, monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins and conjugates are
increasingly used for immunosuppression, desensitization, ABO
incompatibility, antibody mediated rejections and atypical hemolytic
uremic syndrome. For some of these drugs this represents off-label use;
and the evidence to define their role in current therapies and the
evidence for their clinical benefit may be sparse. Biologicals are large
molecules compared to traditional drugs, and the processes that define
their pharmacokinetics are different. Validated drug assays that can be
applied in clinical routine are to a large extent available. Dosing is
currently mostly standard -either fixed doses or adjusted according to
body size; and when drug concentrations have been measured, large
variability in distribution and elimination has been demonstrated. This
opens for the proposal to identify optimal concentration ranges,
establish PK/PD models for interpretation and guidance, leading to model
informed precision dosing. Extrapolation of the results from use of
these drugs on other indications may provide some of the necessary
information. For drugs like alemtuzumab, eculizumab, rituximab,
tocilizumab and belatacept there may be a potential for model informed
precision dosing. However, for all of these the challenge is to perform
studies that are properly designed to provide evidence for beneficial
outcome related to the individualization of treatment. This calls for
collaboration within the transplantation and TDM community.
Integrating NOTCH Inhibitors with Standard Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Glioblastoma Multiforme Treatment: A Synergistic Approach
Authors: Khan Abdul Hadi
Published: April 2024

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) presents a significant obstacle in the
field of cancer therapy because of its aggressiveness and limited
treatment options. Despite advances in surgical resection, radiation
therapy, and chemotherapy, the median survival remains dishearteningly
brief at 15 months. This review focuses on the mysterious Glioblastoma
stem cells (GSCs), particularly those expressing the CD133 marker,
acknowledged for their pivotal role in tumor growth and resistance to
conventional therapies. The NOTCH signaling pathway emerges as a
promising target. This review explores the NOTCH signaling pathway, a
crucial regulator of GSCs, and evaluates inhibitors like gamma-secretase
inhibitors (GSI), siRNA, and monoclonal antibodies. While recent trials
suggest improved outcomes by integrating GSIs with standard treatments,
the challenge persists in sparing CD133-positive cells. This review also
emphasizes the role of Chk1 and Chk3 inhibitors in the reversal of
radioresistance in CD133+ cells. In summary, this review explores the
nuances of NOTCH signaling inhibition in GBM treatment, emphasizing
precision in targeting the tumor microenvironment and addressing
therapeutic resistance associated with CD133-positive cells.
Testing the applicability of environmental DNA metabarcoding to landscape genetics
Authors: Nakajima Souta , Tsuri Kenji
Published: April 2024

Landscape genetics is a field dealing with local genetic differences and
contributes to strategic conservation planning. Recently, environmental
DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has proven useful not only for detecting
species but also for assessing genetic diversity and genetic structure
on a large scale such as in phylogeography. However, it remains unclear
whether eDNA analysis also has sufficient power to perform the landscape
genetics, which focuses on a local scale. To reveal the applicability of
eDNA to landscape genetics, we conducted an eDNA metabarcoding analysis
of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of the fluvial sculpin
Cottus nozawae in the upper Sorachi River in Japan and compared
the results with inferences based on traditional tissue-based
approaches. As a result, the spatial distribution of haplotypes was
generally consistent between the eDNA- and tissue-based approaches. In
addition, the genetic differentiation statistics calculated using eDNA
and tissue samples were highly correlated when compared in the same
genetic region. Furthermore, if an inference based on genome-wide SNP
data from tissue samples was taken as known truth, the inference by eDNA
was not necessarily inferior to the inference by the same region from
tissue samples. Finally, we confirmed that analyses using eDNA data can
reveal patterns such as isolation-by-distance shown in previous studies
on this species, indicating the applicability of eDNA to basic landscape
genetics. Even though some limitations remain, eDNA may have great
potential for conducting basic landscape genetics.
Why the September 2017 geomagnetic storm was stronger at certain locations than the famous Halloween event
Authors: Kellinsalmi Mirjam , Marshalko Elena , Juusola Liisa , Viljanen Ari
Published: April 2024

In this study, we compare two significant geomagnetic storms of the 21st
century: the well-known Halloween geomagnetic storm of 2003 (Kp index 9)
and a somewhat milder storm of September 2017 (Kp 8). Both events caused
exceptionally high values of geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) and
earned a place among the top ten with respect to the measured GIC in the
Finnish natural gas pipeline.. We analyze solar wind and geomagnetic
data as well as modeled geoelectric fields during these two events to
better understand the drivers behind these strong GIC. We discover
certain geographic locations that experienced stronger magnetic field
time derivatives during the 2017 storm. This is interesting because in
terms of magnetic indices, the 2017 storm was a weaker event. We use
equivalent currents to get a view of the ionospheric and induced
currents in the Fennoscandian region. We find that the interplay between
different structures of ionospheric currents and the three-dimensional
ground conductivity leads to a complex behaviour of the geoelectric
field. This study improves knowledge in space weather preparedness by
identifying location-specific risks for geoelectric hazards, which can
create severe problems in the high-voltage power grid.
Deep-learning phase-onset picker for deep Earth seismology: PKIKP waves
Authors: Zhou Jiarun , Pham Thanh-Son , Tkalčić Hrvoje
Published: April 2024

Body waves traversing the Earth’s interior from a seismic source to
receivers on the surface carry rich information about its internal
structures. Their travel time measurements have been widely used in
seismology to constrain Earth’s interior at the global scale by mapping
the time anomaly along their ray paths. However, picking the travel time
of global seismic waves, suitable for studying Earth’s fine-scale
structures, requires highly skilled personnel and is often fairly
subjective. Here, we report the development of an automatic picker for
PKIKP waves, traversing the Earth nearly along its diameters and through
the inner core, based on the latest advances in supervised deep
learning. A convolutional neural network (CNN) we developed
automatically determines the PKIKP onset on vertical seismograms near
its theoretical prediction of cataloged earthquakes. As high-quality
manual onset picks of global seismic phases are limited, we employed a
scheme to generate a synthetic supervised training dataset containing
300,000 waveforms. The PKIKP onsets picked by our trained CNN automatic
picker exhibit a mean absolute error of ~0.5 s compared
to 1,503 manual picks, comparable to the estimated human-picking error.
In an integration test, the CNN automatic picks obtained from an
extended waveform dataset yield a cylindrically anisotropic inner core
model that agrees well with the models inferred from manual picks, which
illustrates the success of this pilot model. This is a significant step
closer to harvesting an unprecedented volume of travel time measurements
for studying the inner core or other regions of the Earth’s deep
interior.
Predicting morphological changes along a macrotidal coastline Using a Two-Stage Machine Learning Model
Authors: Kumar Pavitra , Leonardi Nicoletta
Published: April 2024

Within the context of climate change, understanding and predicting
coastal change is of the foremost importance to protect coastal
communities and coastal assets. This study analyzes field data from 125
locations along the Morecambe coastline, consisting of beach transects
collected twice a year for more than a decade (2007 to 2022). To model
the sediment volume changes observed along the Morecambe coastline, this
study proposes a two-stage machine learning model that incorporates
beach behavior classification and deep learning techniques to predict
changes in sediment volumes along coastal environments. The first stage
of the model, developed using a random forest classifier, classifies
beach behavior into four categories: eroding, accreting, stable, or
undergoing short-term fluctuations. The second stage of the model
developed using LSTM and sequence-to-sequence models, uses the output of
the first stage to predict the available sediment volume after
erosion/accretion. LSTM model achieved a testing regression of 0.9961
for one-step-ahead (6 months) predictions of sediment volume time
series, while sequence-to-sequence model achieved the testing regression
of 0.9950 for three-time-ahead (1.5 years) predictions and 0.9916 for
ten-time-step-ahead (5 years) prediction.
A Comparative Analysis of Metaheuristic Algorithms on Hybrid Features for Feature Selection on ECG-Based Arrhythmia Detection
Authors:   1Department of Computer Science, Kwara State College of Education, Ilorin, Nigeria 2Department of Computer Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria 3Dept of Computer Science and Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria,, Muhammad-Thani S , Olabiyisi S. O. , Omidiora E. O. , Ganiyu R. A
Published: April 2024

Electrocardiogram (ECG)-based arrhythmia detection is crucial for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases promptly. However, the high-dimensional nature of ECG signals poses challenges for accurate detection. Feature selection plays a vital role in enhancing classification performance by identifying relevant features. This paper presents a comparative analysis of metaheuristic algorithms for feature selection in ECG-based arrhythmia detection using a hybrid feature set based on morphological and heart variability features. We evaluate the performance of Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), and Firefly Algorithm (FFA) in terms of classification accuracy, sensitivity, Positive precision, and specificity. The experimental results shows that GWO performs FFA better in selecting relevant features for arrhythmia classification by 2.8%. However, both algorithms demonstrate the efficacy of metaheuristic algorithms and hybrid features in improving arrhythmia detection and provide insights into their comparative performance. Keywords: ECG Signal, Arrhythmia, Feature Selection, Metaheuristic Algorithms.
A STUDY ON THE SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND TOURIST SITUATION OF SELECTED MUNICIPALITIES OF THE WEST POMERANIAN VOIVODESHIP
Authors: Brelik Agnieszka , Oleszczyk Natalia
Published: April 2024

Aim: The aim of the article was to develop an original classification of municipalities in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with particular emphasis on measuring local development, taking into account the de­velopment of health tourism. Methods: The research procedure consisted of the following stages: collection of data and assessment of their completeness for the West Pomeranian region, calculating the values of the indicators, constructing rankings of municipalities in a one-dimensional space of characteristics-indicators and distinguishing typological groups of municipalities similar in terms of the degree of development of the socio-economic and tourist situation. The classification of sub-regions was carried out using discriminant analysis. For this purpose, the indicators characterizing the socio-economic and tourist situation in the selected West Pomeranian Voivodeship municipalities were used, taking into account the division into municipalities: urban (1), rural (2), and urban-rural (3). The preliminary classification of the objects into groups, and thus the selection of the grouping variable, was carried out using the k-means method. The study used secondary data from the Local Data Base – GUS. Results: As a result of the survey, the analyzed local government units were divided into three groups. However, the presented results of the classification do not indicate the dependence of the improvement of socio-economic characteristics on the provision of tourism services in the municipality (including health tourism). Conclusions: Empirical studies show that the placement of munici­palities in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship reveals clear relationships between the territorial distribution of health tourism units and the territorial distribution of natural assets and access to the Baltic Sea.
Entrepreneurship and small business performance during COVID-19: The mediating effect of dynamic capabilities
Authors: Matejun Marek , Ratajczak Marcin
Published: April 2024

Cel: Celem opracowania jest eksploracja roli zdolności dynamicznych jako czynnika pośredniczącego w oddziaływaniu charakterystyk przedsiębiorczych właściciela-menedżera na wyniki małych przedsiębiorstw podczas pandemii COVID-19. Metodyka: Realizacji celu pracy poświęcono badania ankietowe przeprowadzone na losowej próbie 564 mikro, małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw z Polski i Czech. Wyniki: Wyniki wskazują, iż charakterystyka przedsiębiorcza właścicieli-menedżerów wpływa istotnie i pozytywnie na wyniki małych przedsiębiorstw podczas pandemii COVID-19. Oddziaływanie to jest jednocześnie powiązane z rozwojem zdolności dynamicznych badanych MŚP. Wnioski: Wnioski z tego badania wzbogacają teorię przedsiębiorczości wyjaśniając złożoną rolę przedsiębiorców w prowadzeniu małego biznesu z uwzględnieniem sytuacji kryzysowych. Dostarczają także istotnych wniosków dla zrozumienia kształtowania się podejścia zasobowego w sektorze MSP, uwzględniając dynamiczne i nieprzewidywalne środowisko gospodarcze, a także dla rozwoju perspektywicznych programów edukacji przedsiębiorczej.
Pharmacological activation of PDC flux reverses lipid-induced inhibition of insulin action in muscle during recovery from exercise
Authors: S. Carl Christian , M. Jensen Marie , A. Sjøberg Kim , Constantin-Teodosiu Dumitru , R. Hill Ian , Kjøbsted Rasmus , L. Greenhaff Paul , F.P. Wojtaszewski Jørgen , A. Richter Erik , M. Fritzen Andreas , Kiens Bente
Published: April 2024

Insulin resistance is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and exercise can improve insulin sensitivity. However, following exercise high circulating fatty acid (FA) levels might counteract this. We hypothesized that such inhibition would be reduced by forcibly increasing carbohydrate oxidation through pharmacological activation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was examined with a cross-over design in healthy young men (n = 8) in a previously exercised and a rested leg during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp five hours after one-legged exercise with: 1) infusion of saline, 2) infusion of intralipid imitating circulating FA levels during recovery from whole-body exercise, and 3) infusion of intralipid + oral PDC-activator, dichloroacetate (DCA). Intralipid infusion reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by 19% in the previously exercised leg, which was not observed in the contralateral rested leg. Interestingly, this effect of intralipid in the exercised leg was abolished by DCA, which increased muscle PDC activity (130%) and flux (acetylcarnitine 130%) and decreased inhibitory phosphorylation of PDC on Ser293 (~40%) and Ser300 (~80%). Novel insight is provided into the regulatory interaction between glucose and lipid metabolism during exercise recovery. Coupling exercise and PDC flux activation upregulated the capacity for both glucose transport (exercise) and oxidation (DCA), which seems necessary to fully stimulate insulin-stimulated glucose uptake during recovery.
Genetic Insights into Prepubertal Gynecomastia: A Comprehensive Analysis of a Rare 45,X[2]/ 46,X, + mar[28] Karyotype
Authors: AA Husseini
Published: April 2024

Introduction: This case study delves into the genetic underpinnings of prepubertal gynecomastia by conducting an exhaustive analysis of a rare 45,X[2]/46,X,+mar[28] karyotype. Enlargement of male breast tissue, known as Gynecomastia, is generally considered a natural occurrence during adolescence but requires comprehensive assessment in severe cases. Prepubertal gynecomastia is exceedingly uncommon, and the sparse literature results in a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding its causes and management. Case Presentation: This study focuses on a male child aged eight years and six months who presented with bilateral gynecomastia before reaching puberty and also had short stature. The analysis of the patient's karyotype unveiled an unusual chromosomal arrangement of 45,X[2]/46,X,+mar[28], with the extra marker chromosome stemming from the Y chromosome, revealing Yq microdeletions. The clinical evolution, chromosomal examination, and molecular discoveries concerning the patient are detailed, emphasizing the pivotal importance of karyotyping in instances of prepubertal gynecomastia. Conclusion: Karyotyping plays a pivotal role in identifying potential chromosomal anomalies contributing to prepubertal gynecomastia. Specifically, cases involving Yq deletion warrant vigilant monitoring, particularly concerning short stature.
Nanotechnology Integration in Education: Challenges, Strategies and Prospects
Authors: Ce* Rodrigo
Published: April 2024

Nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field with vast potential applications across various sectors, including medicine, electronics, and energy. Its integration into education presents both opportunities and challenges. To effectively teach nanotechnology, educators must foster knowledge-centered learning environments, promote interdisciplinary approaches, and provide early exposure to scientific research. Despite the increasing recognition of nanotechnology's importance, its successful integration into curricula requires addressing challenges such as the development of suitable teaching strategies, the dissemination of knowledge, and the training of educators. Key to overcoming these challenges is the need for continuous research, development of innovative instructional tools, and global collaboration to ensure the effective integration of nanotechnology education. Through these efforts, students can develop essential skills and scientific literacy, empowering them to contribute to the advancement of nanotechnology and its societal impact.
Media Pop-Up Book untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menyimak Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Larasantika Ni Komang , Tegeh I Made , Ujianti Putu Rahayu
Published: April 2024

Media Pop-Up book menjadi salah satu media yang menarik namun masih terkesan konvensional, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengembangan agar fungsi media dapat maksimal dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk media pembelajaran Pop-up Book untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menyimak yang layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran pada anak usia dini. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan, prosedur pengembangan menggunakan model ADDIE meliputi 5 tahapan yaitu: tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket validasi ahli materi dan media. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil validasi ahli materi masuk ke dalam kategori baik dengan jumlah rata-rata keseluruhan 4,25. Hasil validasi ahli media masuk ke dalam kategori sangat baik dengan jumlah rata-rata keseluruhan 4,45. Hal ini artinya media yang dikembangkan layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menyimak pada anak kelompok B Taman Kanak-kanak. Dari hasil pengembangan ini diharapkan mampu memberikan referensi pengembangan media pop up book, dan dapat memaksimalkan fungsi media pop up book dalam pembelajaran anak usia dini.
Meta Analisis Pengaruh Model Concept Song Berbantuan Media Audio Visual Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika
Authors: Pratama I Wayan Elki
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Model pembelajaran Concept Song terhadap hasil belajar Matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pencatatan dokumen yang berkaitan dengan model pembelajaran Concept Song terhadap hasil belajar Matematika di sekolah dasar yang dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif yakni meta analisis dengan kegiatan yang dilaksanakan sebagai berikut; (1) mempelajari topik penelitian yang akan dirangkum, (2) mengumpulkan dan mencari sejumlah topik yang telah ditentukan dan menyeleksinya, (3) melakukan perhitungan effect size dengan mengidentifikasi mean dan standar deviasi dari perhitungan uji t yang telah dilakukan, dan (4) menarik kesimpulan dan menginterprestasikan hasil penelitian meta analisis. Hasil analisis effect size memaparkan bahwa dari ke 6 penelitian yang relevan hanya terdapat 3 penelitian yang dapat diukur efektivitasnya dikarenakan data yang disajikan lengkap dengan perolehan perhintungan effect size. Model pembelajaran Concept Song efektif terhadap hasil belajar Matematika siswa di sekolah dasar. Hasil analisis data dengan effect size ditemukan bahwa model pembelajaran sangat membantu dalam mengingat hal yang dianggap sulit. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan secara keseluruhan model pembelajaran Concept Song mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa sekolah dasar. Disarankan penelitian selanjutnya agar lebih detail dalam mencantumkan kelengkapan data penelitian pada metode, data sampel maupun data hasil penelitian.
Make A Match Berorientasi Masalah Kontekstual Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA
Authors: Sulistianingsih Kadek Ferna , Wibawa I Made Citra , Suarjana I Made
Published: April 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran Make A Match Berorientasi Masalah Kontekstual terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas IV SD. Hal ini dikarenakan proses pembelajaran masih bersifat (teacher center), guru lebih sering mengajar menggunakan metode ceramah, siswa kurang terlibat aktif dalam proses pembelajaran, Hasil belajar IPA yang masih berada dibawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) yang telah ditetapkan. Dengan model pembelajaran make a match berorientasi masalah kontekstual dapat mengembangkan kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah melalui kartu soal dan kartu jawaban yang sudah disediakan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi exsperimen). Populasi pada penelitian ini berjumlah 198 siswa. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 67 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode tes dalam bentuk tes objektif. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial menggunakan rumus uji-t. hasil penelitian ini menunjukan perubahan hasil belajar IPA antara siswa yang dibelajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran make a match berorientasi masalah kontekstual dan siswa yang dibelajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan nilai thitung > ttabel (3,68 > 2,00) dengan taraf signifikansi 5% sehingga H1 diterima. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran make a match berorientasi masalah kontekstual berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar IPA.
Media Aplikasi Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Teori Belajar Ausubel Pada Materi KPK dan FPB
Authors: Utami Ni Putu Sri , Agustika Gusti Ngurah Sastra
Published: April 2024

Penelitian pengembangan ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan kesulitan guru dalam mengembangkan media pembelajaran dimasa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan rancang bangun, serta mengetahui validitas media aplikasi pembelajaran matematika berorientasi teori belajar ausubel materi KPK dan FPB. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan yaitu para ahli dan siswa. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode non tes dengan instrument berupa kuesioner/angket. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian pengembangan iniberupa rancang bangun mediaaplikasi pembelajaran matematika berorientasi teori belajar ausubel materi KPK dan FPB dibuat berdasarkan tahapan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari (a) tahap Analyze, (b) tahap Design, (c) tahap Development, (d) tahap Implementation, (e) tahap Evaluation. Media aplikasi pembelajaran matematika berorientasi teori belajar ausubel materi KPK dan FPB dikatakan layak didasari oleh penilaian yang dilakukan oleh para ahli dan siswa.  Hasil penilaian ahli isi mata pelajaran sebesar 86,36% dengan kualifikasi baik, hasil penilaian ahli desain pembelajaran sebesar 93,75% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, hasil penilaian ahli media pembelajaran sebesar 91,66% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, hasil uji coba perorangan sebesar 93,70% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, dan hasil uji coba kelompok kecil sebesar 92,86% dengan kualifiikasi sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan aplikasi pembelajaran matematika berorientasi teori belajar ausubel materi KPK dan FPB layak digunakan.
Pemahaman Membaca Teks Naratif Bahasa Inggris Meningkat Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Script
Authors: Pradani O.P , Santosa M. H. , Yudana M. M.
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini membahas permasalahan kemampuan memahami bacaan bahasa inggris peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis apakah penerapan model pembelajaran Cooperative Script dapat meningkatkan pemahaman membaca teks naratif dalam bahasa inggris di kelas tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang meliputi beberapa tahapan seperti planning (perencanaan), action (tindakan), observation (pengamatan), dan reflection (refleksi). Data diperoleh dari pre-test, observasi, post-test, dan kuisioner yang berasal dari subjek penelitian yaitu 26 peserta didik di kelas X dengan objek penggunaan model pembelajaran Cooperative Script untuk meningkatkan pemahaman membaca teks naratif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat peningkatan kemampuan memahami bacaan dalam bahasa inggris yang ditunjukan oleh peserta didik. Dimulai dari hasil pre-test sebelum peserta didik menerapkan model Cooperative Script yang menunjukan hanya 42,3% peserta didik dengan rincian 11 dari 26 peserta didik yang mampu mencapai KKM yang ditentukan sekolah yaitu 75 dengan nilai rata-rata kelas hanya 65,5. Setelah peserta didik menerapkan model Cooperative Script dalam pembelajaran ditemukan peningkatan nilai rata-rata kelas menjadi 82,8 atau 73% peserta didik melampaui KKM dengan hanya 7 peserta didik yang belum mampu mendapat nilai tuntas. Selanjutnya dalam siklus 2 semakin terlihat peningkatan walaupun dengan perubahan di bahan ajar yang diberikan guru. Peningkatan tersebut terlihat dari seluruh peserta didik yang mampu mencapai KKM dengan nilai rata-rata 89,8. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Cooperative Script dapat meningkatkan pemahaman membaca teks naratif dalam bahasa inggris.