bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI KANTOR KECAMATAN
Authors: Yulianingsih Ani , . Marsanuddin , . Ahmaluddin
Published: November 2022

Sumber daya manusia yang dapat dibina secara optimal akan sangat berkontribusi dalam pembangunan bangsa. Budaya organisasi yang baik dan kuat serta pemberian motivasi yang tepat sasaran merupakan upaya membangun motivasi kerja pegawai untuk meningkatkan kinerja pegawai yang pada akhirnya akan dapat berrnanfaat untuk kemajuan organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh budaya organisasi dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai di Kantor Kecamatan Pagelaran Utara Kabupaten Pringsewu. Objek penelitian dilakukan pada pegawai Kecamatan Pagelaran Utara Kabupaten Pringsewu. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Ada 3 (tiga) variabel dalam penelitian ini, yaitu budaya organisasi (X1) dan motivasi kerja (X2) sebagai variabel bebas dan Kinerja pegawai (Y) sebagai variable terikat. Adapun jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 12 responden dengan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner budaya organisasi, motivasi kerja dan kinerja pegawai. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data ditemukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh (R2) budaya organisasi (X1) terhadap kinerja pegawai (Y) sebesar 89,6 %. Terdapat pengaruh (R2 ) motivasi kerja (X2) terhadap kinerja (Y) sebesar 89,1 %. Dan Terdapat pengaruh (R2) budaya organisasi (X1) dan motivasi kerja (X2) secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja pegawai (Y) sebesar 93,8 %.

Kata kunci: budaya organisasi, motivasi kerja, kinerja pegawai
KOMITMEN ORGANISASI DAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BADAN PENGELOLA PAJAK DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH
Authors: . Yulina , Mustakim Senen , Devialesti Veni
Published: November 2022

Globalisasi telah muncul sebagai fenomena baru yang telah dilahirkan oleh kemajuan jaman. Keberhasilan organisasi dalam mencapai tujuannya, tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh sumber daya manusia yang dimiliki oleh organisasi, tapi juga dibutuhkan seorang pemimpin yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku para bawahan, agar mau bekerja sama dan bekerja secara produktif untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi. Kondisi yang ada di Badan Pengelola Pajak dan Retribusi Daerah Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat, antara lain Kinerja pegawai masih belum optimal terlihat dari masih adanya program kegiatan yang reslisasi penyelesaiannya belum sesuai harapan. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dimana penjelasannya bersifat objektif dengan menjelaskan pendekatan-pendekatan yang ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan 41 responden penelitian. Ada tiga variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu : 2 (dua) Variabel bebas (X1 dan X2) dan 1 (satu) variabel terikat dimana Komitmen Organisasi (X1) dan Gaya Kepemimpinan (X2) sebagai variabel bebas dan Kinerja Pegawai (Y) sebagai variabel terikat. Dari hasil pengolahan data telah berhasil ditemukan jawaban hipotesis yakni sebagai berikut; terdapat pengaruh Komitmen Organisasi (X1) terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Y), dengan tingkat pengaruh (R-square) sebesar 17 %. Terdapat pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan (X2) terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Y), dengan tingkat pengaruh sebesar 20,2 %. Terdapat pengaruh antara Komitmen Organisasi (X1) dan Gaya Kepemimpinan (X2) bersama-sama terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Y), dengan tingkat pengaruh sebesar 28,2 %.

Kata kunci: komitmen organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan, kinerja pegawai
Pengaruh Pelatihan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Penanaman Modal Dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Provinsi Lampung Di Bandar Lampung
Authors: Pahlevi Reza , Nuzleha Nuzleha , Sari Dewi Diana
Published: November 2022

Abstrak. Budaya organisasi yang dijalankan selama ini masih bersifat menjalankan perintah atasan bukan berdasarkan kesadaran berdampak pada kinerja pegawai kurang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja pegawai UPT. Kearsipan Universitas Lampung Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di UPT Kearsipan Universitas Lampung yang beralamat di Jalan Sumateri Brojonegoro No. 1 Gedung Meneng Bandar Lampung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan quisioner. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 24 Pegawai UPT Kearsipan Universitas Lampung. Hasil pengujian hipotesis pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja dapat disimpulkan bahwa berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja pegawai UPT Kearsipan Universitas Lampung. Nilai kontribusi (R Square ) sebesar 0.199 artinya sebesar 19,9% variasi perubahan variabel kinerja mampu dijelaskan oleh variabel budaya organisasi sedangkan sisanya sebesar 80,91% lagi dijelaskan oleh variabel lain diluar dari variabel penelitian ini. Kata kunci: Analisis, Budaya Organisasi, Kinerja
Improve Wettability of Polycaprolactone (PCL) /Chitosan of Wound Dressings by Plasma Jet
Authors: Mohsen Ali H. , Ali Nadia A.
Published: November 2022

Surface wettability plays a significant role in determining the function of the wound dressing. They should have hydrophobic surfaces  for the adsorption of bacteria and  a hydrophilic surface  necessary to improve cell attachment for most anchorage-dependent cell types. Furthermore, the Hydrophobicity / Hydrophilicity of the surface can be used to direct cellular processes such as cell initial correlation, adhesion, and migration during wound healing, as a result such surface can change its surface wettability which increases the dressing's usefulness.
In this research, nanomembres were prepared from polycaprolactone and chitosan solution (with different amounts of CS (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4) % (w/w)) by the electrospinning method. These membranes were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared FTIR spectroscopy and their wettability, contact angle, porosity and swelling values were determined. These were improved by plasma treating the electrospun nanomebranes. Best results were obtained for the plasma treated electrospum nanomembranes at 4% chitosan. It resulted in a surface with a combination of hydrophobic and hydrophilic patterns, which has a lot of promise in the realm of tissue engineering for things like cell patterning and guiding.
Biostratigraphyand Paleoenvironments of Benthic Foraminifera From Lower Part of the Damlouk Member, Western Desert, Iraq
Authors: Al-Qayim Basim , Ghafor Imad
Published: November 2022

Age and paleoenvironment of part of the Damlouk Member, Ratga Formation from a surface section in the Iraqi Western Desert are investigated. Twenty-nine species of Larger Benthic Foraminifera (LBF) belonging to 13 genera are recognized from the studied section. The LBF assemblage is dominated by the following groups, Nummulites, Alveolina, Rotalia, and Lockhartia. Two species of corals with fragments of bryozoan, red algae and mollusca had also been identified.
     The palaeontological investigation aimed at identification of LBF assemblages to evaluate their abundance and distribution with respect to sedimentary environment and to determine its age. Based on the recognized Larger Benthic Foraminifera of the studied part of the Damlouk Member, it is subdivided into two biozones: Nummulites gizhensis -Nummulites moculatus Assemblage Zone   and Assilina spira- Lokharatia hunti  Concurrent Range Zone. Both biozones suggest a Middle - Late Lutetian to Early Bartonian age.
The LBF are concentrated around shallow marine carbonate bank-controlled limestone unit and the associated ramp facies. Two basic environmentally significant assemblages were recognized based on the vertical distribution and the relative abundance of the LBF. The Nummulite bank assemblage is characterized by lensoidal and robust Nummulites of different species. The other group is the fore-bank assemblage which shows relatively higher diversity, including flat LBF such as: Nummulite, Assilina, Lockhartia, Heterostigina and Operculina. The third back-bank assemblage is not well presented in the studied section, shows the limited distribution, and is considered part of the back-bank lagoon facies. This group is characterized by the occurrence of Alveolina and other imperforated forams. The recognized assemblages represent the transition from inner to middle ramp facies with a water depth not exceeding 50m in relatively low energy conditions.
Sequence Stratigraphy and Sedimentary Environment of the Shiranish Formation, Duhok region, Northern Iraq
Authors: Alsultan Hamid A. A. , Hussein Mohammed L. , Al-Owaidi Mohanad R. A. , Al-Khafaji Amer J. , Menshed Mahdi A.
Published: November 2022

The Shiranish Formation is cropped out in several areas in northern Iraq. A stratigraphic and facies study was conducted within the Duhok region to determine the sedimentary environment. Three microfacies, reflecting the various subenvironments within different shelf parts of the deep sea, have been identified within the Shiranish Formation. Four depositional environments are identified: slope, the toe of slope, deep shelf, and deep-sea or cratonic deep basin. The Shiranish Formation in the Duhok region, Northern Iraq, was deposited in an open shelf carbonate platform. The Shiranish Formation sequence is divided into six third-order cycles in the study area. These asymmetrical cycles reflect an imbalance between the relative level of the sea and the production of carbonate, and each one reflects a rise in the sea level following a period of standstill. There is a two-sequence boundary type SB-2 that defines the surface. The Shiranish sequence developed in a high-subsidence area that played the main role in the evolution of the formation. It was deposited on a carbonate platform with high subsidence due to major transgression, wherever the successive sea-level rise and stillstand episodes persist.
On Some Sandwich Results of Univalent Functions Related by Differential Operator
Authors: Theyab Sarab Dakhil , Atshan Waggas Galib , Abdullah Habeeb Kareem
Published: November 2022

Th  goal of the pr s nt p p r is to obt in some differ tial sub rdin tion an  sup r dination the rems for univalent functions related b  differential operator  Also, we discussed some sandwich-type results.
Detection and Classification of The Osteoarthritis in Knee Joint Using Transfer Learning with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)
Authors: Ahmed Huthaifa A. , Mohammed Emad A.
Published: November 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of human joints, especially the knee joint, due to significant weight of the body. This disease leads to rupture and degeneration of parts of the cartilage in the knee joint, which causes severe pain. Diagnosis of this disease can be obtained through X-ray. Deep learning has become a popular solution to medical issues due to its fast progress in recent years. This research aims to design and build a classification system to minimize the burden on doctors and help radiologists to assess the severity of the pain, enable them to make an optimal diagnosis and describe the correct treatment. Deep learning-based approaches, such as Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs), have been used to detect knee OA using transfer learning with fine-tuning. This paper proposed three versions of pre-trained networks (VGG16, VGG19, and ResNet50) for handling the classification task. According to the classification results, The proposed model ResNet50 outperformed the other models a validation accuracy of 91.51% has been obtained.
Organizational Support Factors for Minor League Baseball Player Development
Authors: McLeod Christopher , Agha Nola , Rosenblum-Larson Simon
Published: November 2022

This study examines organizational support in the context of minor league baseball to better understand how organizations can support athletes’ development. Exploratory results show that English and Spanish players identify salary/pay, off-season training opportunities, and nutritious food as their most important unmet development needs. English and Spanish respondents differently prioritized playing opportunities, communication with front office staff, health care, and equipment as unmet needs. Explanatory results show that organizational support factors (private problem support and second career support) explain 17% of the variation in minor league baseball players’ self-perceptions of development. The results provide guidance for Major League Baseball and its affiliates as they restructure the development system and for non-profits seeking to help players. Better pay and other financial support appear to be the most critical unmet needs where organizations can better support athletes.
The Implementations of the Embedded Diagonally Implicit Type Runge-Kutta Method (EDITRKM) For Special Third Order of the Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Mustafa H. Jumaa  , Firas A. Fawzi
Published: November 2022

The derivation of the Embedded pair Diagonally Implicit Type Runge-Kutta Method (EDITRKM) for solving 3rd special order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is introduced in the current study. The EDITRKM techniques are the name of the approach. This approach in the present study has two types: EDITRKM 4(3) for order 4 and 3 of the first pair and EDITRKM 5(4) for orders 5 and 4 of the second pair. To investigate the current study, a variety of tests for five various initial value problems (IVPs) with different step sizes h were implemented. Then, a comparation of the present study between the EDITRKM 4(3) and EDITRKM 5(4) for five different problems are made. The numerical techniques elucidated as the qualification regarding the efficiency and decimal logarithm for highest the time curve against logarithm of number of the function call estimate.
Depositional Environment of Middle Jurassic Sargelu Formation Based on Petrographical Study in selected wells at Balad, Ajil, and Baiji Oilfields, Central Iraq
Authors: Ali H. Dohan  , Faris N. Hassan  , Lafta S. Kadhim
Published: November 2022

This work were carried out on 193 thin sections from Middle Jurassic Sargelu Formation. These samples are from three wells (Ajil-8, Balad-1 and Baiji-1). Petrographically, the Sargelu Formation composed of skeletal component (radiolaria, pelecypods, calcispheres, planktonic, benthonic foraminifera and ostracods), in addition non-skeletal such as pellets, groundmass of micrite and recrystallized microspars. Many diagenetic processes affected this formation the main which have been recognized are: compaction, micritization, cementation, neomorphism, dissolution, fractures and veins, silicifaction and dedolomitization in addition authigenic minerals (pyrite). Depending on the petrographic studies the following microfacies have been recognized: Lime Mudstone Microfacies which was divided into three submicrofacies (Pelecypodal Lime Mudstone, Radiolarian Lime Mudstone and Planktonic Foraminiferal Lime Mudstone), Wackestone Microfacies which was divided into four submicrofacies  (Radiolarian Lime Wackestone, Halobia Wackestone, Calcispheres Wackestone and Planktonic Foraminiferal Wackestone) and Packstone Microfacies (Halobia Lime Packstone and Peloidal Lime Packstone). The overall characters of these microfacies indicate that the formation was deposited in two different environments: (1) upper Bathyal environment at the lower part (2) Outer shelf environment at the upper part.
The prevalence of the Cryptosporidium parvum among children in Ramadi city
Authors: KHADIJA KHLEAF AL-DULAIMI
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum among children in the city of Ramadi and made a comparison between ziehl -Neelsen method and the ELISA method, which is usually used to diagnose this parasite in Ramadi hospital (administration of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Ramadi Teaching Hospital).
Fecal samples were collected from 813 children under 5 years. Oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum parasite were determined by using ELSIA and Ziehl-Neelsen (acid-fast stain, ZN).
Our study was shown that the rate of prevalence of the C. parvum was 7.87% from the total of 813 samples of diarrhea by using Zeihl-Neelsen method while  ELISA technique result was 11.56% From our results, ELISA technique more specific than Ziehl-Neelsen method in diagnosis of C. parvum and the different is  significant (P <0.05)..
About the relationship of rosacea-like dermatitis
Authors: Bakulev Andrey L. , Bakuleva Maria V.
Published: November 2022

The literature review is devoted to the problem of rosacea-like dermatitis developing in patients with rosacea against the background of irrational uncontrolled use of topical glucocorticosteroids or cosmetics. The clinical picture of the combined pathology consists of symptoms characteristic of both diseases, which makes diagnosis difficult.
Management tactics of patients with combined pathology, first of all, involves the elimination of symptoms of rosacealike dermatitis, dominating the clinical picture, using metronidazole, calcineurin inhibitors, azelaic acid, in severe cases low doses of systemic isotretinoin. The possibility of using activated zinc pyrithione, which has antimicrobial, anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory effects, as a topical remedy to eliminate the symptoms of rosacea-like dermatitis is discussed.
Application of Cublak-Cublak Suweng Traditional Game in Thematic Learning of Early Childhood Education
Authors: Mahmudah Masrurotul , Muh. Ngali Zainal Makmun
Published: November 2022

Along with the increasing sophistication of learning systems and learning facilities today, where learning can be done anytime and anywhere. This has a positive value for the presence of technology in the world of education. But besides that, there is a negative impact in that many children are not familiar with traditional games, which can be a means of learning for them and can even have a good effect on social-emotional and cognitive development. However, today's children will find it difficult to find models of traditional games independently if they are not started by the teacher or other people familiar with these classic games. This study uses a qualitative research method with an analytical descriptive approach. As for how to apply the cublak-cublak suweng game, teams or groups are played between 4-5 children. In the division of tasks, one child becomes a game table by bending over, and four become game actors. Children use small stones as tools circled between players by singing cublak-cublak suweng songs. In this game, there is a system of losing and winning. Those who fail are assigned to the game table, while those who win continue the game. The educational value of this game is that each child tries to coordinate with the other, understand and obey the game's rules, and think carefully in guessing questions. There is togetherness between the group or team. This game is straightforward and doesn't take long.
Parents' Perceptions of Students' Guardians on Education Services at Yaumi Fatimah Kudus Integrated Islamic Elementary School
Authors: Suryadin Adin , Rz. Ricky Satria Wiranata  , Lutfiah Husna
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which parents and guardians perceive educational services at SDIT Yaumi Fatimah Kudus which include teaching services, ustadz-ustadzah services, administrative and financial services, infrastructure services, and library services. By knowing the parents' perception of the school, the school will further improve its services according to the expectations of the parents' needs. The results of research on the perceptions of parents and guardians of students towards educational services at SDIT Yaumi Fatimah in terms of learning emphasize more on moral education, the learning is interesting and in accordance with the child's development, while the ustadz-ustadz are quite professional, friendly, with educational backgrounds of almost all graduates. Administrative services are quite good, clear and transparent, only in filing a little is still lacking. The facilities and infrastructure are very adequate as a superior school, only in terms of costs, some parents still feel it is expensive. Thus, the cause of SDIT Yaumi Fatimah Kudus is a bit late in the development of the number of students because the school financing is still expensive.
Ethics of Educators and Students in Islamic Education Perspective
Authors: Nafis Badratun , Lusiana Lusiana , Hidayat Nur
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini berfokus pada etika dan akhlak pendidik dan peserta didik dalam Pendidikan islam. Salah satu tujuan pendidik adalah mempersiapkan peserta didik menjadi manusia yang berguna untuk umat dan bangsa sehingga juga memiliki etika yang baik dan berakhlakul karimah baik kepada guru, teman maupun diri sendiri sehingga bisa bermanfaat ilmu yang dipelajarinya. Metode dalan penelitian ini adalah metode kepustakaan yang mengacu pada buku, esklopedia, dan artikel ilmiah. Etika dan akhlak adalah nilai moral yang harus dimiliki setiap individu terutama dalam proses pembelajaran. Guru adalah seorang pendidik yang bertanggung jawab untuk membimbing dan meningkatkan kemampuan dasar siswa. Proses pengajaran disebut interaksi pendidik antara guru dan siswa yang dipandang sebagai dua sosok manusia yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam pembelajaran. Siswa adalah orang yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh ilmu atau pengajaran, pengalaman, pengetahuan, keterampilan, membentuk dan memperbaiki kepribadian untuk lebih baik. Menurut Imam Al-Ghazali mengajar dan mempelajari ilmu agama adalah kewajiban bagi setiap orang yang saleh (berilmu) untuk memperbaiki hidup yang lebih baik ke depan.
Educational Planning Through Sharia Insurance for Gold Generation of Indonesia in 2045
Authors: Nur Ngaini Fitria
Published: November 2022

The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) reports that the Indonesian adult population has a low interest in continuing education, due to the cost factor. This is the impact of the Indonesian population who do not have a good education cost plan. In fact, in 2045, Indonesia is predicted to have a golden generation because of the demographic bonus, which is 70 percent of the population is of productive age. Therefore, an effort is actually needed to prepare for the cost of education to a higher level, namely Sharia Education Insurance. Based on this background, this paper will analyze the impact of education planning through Islamic education insurance for Indonesia Emas 2045. This research is a literature study that collects data from primary and secondary literature, then describes it qualitatively. This paper argues that, the government must make improvements to the education sector, workforce training, industrial structure, transformation of the workforce, to improving the labor supply chain to welcome Indonesia 2045. In addition, the government must also maintain the employment sector which will increase in 2022, namely agriculture, forestry and fisheries, as well as fixing jobs in the service and commuting sectors which have experienced a decline. In order to achieve these improvements, previous improvements must be made in education planning through Islamic education insurance, because if this sector is not improved, the demographic bonus will only increase the number of unemployed.
The Urgence of Siti Bariyah's Thinking in Islamic Education 5.0
Authors: Anjas Pratiwi  , Hadi M. Solikul
Published: November 2022

Siti Bariyah is one of the female figures who has many roles in the development of Muhammadiyah and helped the process of forming a women's organization under the auspices of Muhammadiyah, namely 'Aisyiyah. Siti Bariyah's thoughts can be seen from her contribution to Muhammadiyah, especially in the world of education. This study uses a biographical and social approach. The concept used in this research is the concept of gait. The concept used in this research is the concept of social role theory proposed by Erving Goffman. The method used in this research is the historical method. The historical method used in this research consists of four stages, namely; heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. Siti Bariyah was born in Kauman Village, Yogyakarta on 1325 H/1906 AD and died around 1931 AD. She was active in the Sapa Trisno, Wal Ashri¸ and Maghribi School associations which became the embryo of the 'Aisyiyah movement. He is known to have a high intellect. Siti Bariyah's intellectuality made her have many roles in 'Aisyiyah, especially in the fields of religion, social, and education. Her role in the social field was to help pioneer the Suara 'Aisyiyah magazine, to co-found the Female Student Praja, and to initiate the formation of a federation of women's organizations. His role in the field of education is to participate in initiating the establishment of a kindergarten called Frobelschool and participate in eradicating illiteracy. Eradication of letters in the current era can be interpreted as eradicating language illiteracy, namely English and Arabic. The formation of kindergarten as a cadre of intellectual scholars in the face of the era of disruption.
Keywords: Urgency, Siti Bariyah, Islamic Education
Students' Perceptions on Online Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Natasa Fathia
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The impossibility to continue the conventional classroom created an inevitable situation where online learning is the most suitable solution at the moment to keep up the learning process amidst the pandemic. It is presumably familiar to students, but the sudden change of online learning being applied sporadically to regularly arise an issue of how the students perceive, access, react to it and the challenges they face. This study aims to find out students’ perceptions on online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and the subject of the study is students of the English Study Program of Riau University. Descriptive approaches to quantitative methods were used in this study. Google form was used to collect the data and there were 127 students that participated in filling out the questionnaire. SPSS 26 was used to analyze the collected data. The findings revelead that students’ perceptions were negative toward online learning. The three main reasons affecting the result were the lack of enthusiasm, internet sustainability, and technical issues.
SECULARIZATION AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR THE SCIENCES
Authors: Ihsan Nur Hadi , Jamal Jamal , Da'i Rahmat Ardi Nur Rifa , Rohman Abdul , Atqiya Khairul
Published: November 2022

Secularism assumes that scientific progress can only be built by separating it from religion, because the basis of truth for the two is different. The truth of religion is spiritual-transcendental, while the truth of science is rational-empirical. The impact of the development of science based on secularism will be the focus of the study in this paper. This research is a literature review with a qualitative approach. The data were obtained using documentary techniques and the collected data were analyzed by descriptive-critical-analytical methods. This study concludes that secularization is a natural emptying of religious values ​​and teachings. The worst impact of this ideology is that the development of science in the future will only occur and is limited in the empirical dimension. This research proves that in reality, science is beyond the realm of pure empirical and experimental. Existence has unobservable and non-empirical elements that are real and true. This perspective will increase the significance of scientific discoveries that are not limited to the empirical world alone and at the same time make scientific research will have a more meaningful impact on human life as a whole.
Teaching Speaking Skill to Non-Arabic in the Natural Environment, Department of Language and Culture, Faculty of Linguistics King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | Ta’lim Maharotul Kalam Lii Ghoiri al-Arobiyah fiil Biiati at-Thobi’iyyah Q
Authors: Yaqin Muhammad Ainul , Izzah Nailul
Published: November 2022

The environment has an important role to play in speech education and if the environment has a strong influence in the consolidation of religions in human beings, particularly its impact on human linguistic behaviour, there are no two strong and obvious influences on the composition of the human language. It is well known that the language environment is a means of promoting and developing language activity, in addition to the fact that the formation of the language environment leads to the development of the language and its acquisition by students in order to have material and non-material factors in the language education process and therefore encourages students to apply in the daily.

This research aims to: (1) describe the planning of speech skills education for non-Arabic speakers in the natural environment (2) and implement speech skills education in the natural environment. This qualitative research was used for observation, interview and documentation. The data were then analysed using the analytical theory of Myles and Heberman in a way that intensified the data, presented and inferred from it. The researcher used data validation to triangulate and discuss mates.

The results of the research are: (1) planning in the natural environment, a) curriculum, b) levels, c) design of the education plan, d) the book of education, e) educational means. Planning in the artificial environment student organization, a) design of the school education plan, b) curriculum 2013, c) efficiency coverage, d) textbook, e) educational methods used. (2) The implementation of speech education in the natural environment is the use of the natural method, the method of dialogue and debate, the oral audio method and the direct method of all different levels in the processes of the methods used, The implementation of speech education in the artificial environment, two factors are carried out within the classroom and outside the classroom.

As a result of this research, the process of teaching speech skills in the natural environment also has a high level of education management and implementation, and has no far difference from the artificial environment in Indonesia.
The Strategy of Teaching Arabic Composition in The Arabic Language Development Center at Pondok Pesantren Darul Lughah Wal Karomah Kraksaan Probolinggo Indonesia | Istirotijiyah Ta'lim al-Insya' fiy Markaz Tabahhur al-Lughah al-'Arabiyah bi Ma'had Darul L
Authors: Farid Edi Kurniawan , Rodhiyah Aisyatur
Published: November 2022

This research aims to know theteaching Arabic Composition and it's strategy in the Arabic language development center at Pondok Pesantren Darul Lughah Wal Karomah Kraksaan Probolinggo Indonesia. The qualitative approach used by researcher with the type of case study. For collecting the data, the researcher used observation, interview, and documentation. To analyze the data, this research based on interactiv data analysis by miles and huberman, and for measuring the validity of data, this research used data triangulation. The results of this research arethe teaching Arabic Compositionin the Arabic language development centerat Pondok Pesantren Darul Lughah Wal Karomah is held once for every two weeks. And for each level used a different methode.  Every night, after madrasah diniyah time at at eight to nine thirty, the teaching of qowa'id lesson and tarkib al-jumlah as-shohihah lesson are held.Forteaching Arabic Compositionin the Arabic language development center, the teacher uses teaching strategies, including composing sentences from new mufrodat, composing story in groups, and composing essay to fill in the wall magazines.
Optimization of Teak Wood Furniture Production Using Linear Programming Method at Sumenep East Java Indonesia
Authors: Afiyah Siti Nurul , Syaifuddin M. , Aqromi Nur Lailatul
Published: November 2022

3R Furniture company produces some products i.e. doors, chairs, cabinets, tables and frames. This company has some problems about maximize the production and minimize the cost of production. The 3R furniture company has not managed demand properly because it has not been able to synchronize the company's available resources with fulfilling consumer demand. This study aims to determine the amount of production produced by the "3R" Furniture Company by utilizing available resources and to find out the maximum profit obtained by the "3R" Furniture Company in Sumenep Regency. This research was carried out at the "3R" Furniture Company in Sumenep Regency, especially on Kangean Island. Linear programming is a model of operational research that usually used to solve optimization problem. The simplex method is a method that can be used in linear programming which serves to find solutions optimal. The purpose of this research is to optimize the benefits of 3R Furniture company. The respondents consisted of 4 people, namely 1 business owner and 3 labor representatives from the "3R" Furniture business. The results showed that the number of products produced to obtain maximum profit was 30 units of tables by utilizing existing resources. The maximum profit by producing a table is Rp. 20999.998.
Analysis of Students' Adaptive Reasoning Ability in Solving HOTS Problems Arithmetic Sequences and Series in Terms of Learning Style
Authors: Darmayanti Rani , Sugianto Rahmad , Muhammad Yus
Published: November 2022

This study describes students' adaptive reasoning abilities in solving HOTs type questions in Kolb's learning style. The method used to determine students' adaptive reasoning ability in solving HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill) uses qualitative research with a descriptive approach and type questions regarding learning styles (diverger, assimilator, converger, and accommodator types). The research subjects were thirty-five students of class XI. The results of data analysis and discussion can be concluded that students of class XI MIPS-3 SMA Negeri 4 Pasuruan have adaptive reasoning abilities in solving solutions to the HOTS type questions through the Polya step in terms of Kolb's learning style. Students who have adaptive reasoning ability solve the HOTS type problem solving through the Polya step in terms of Kolb's learning style. Students with a converger type of learning style can meet all indicators of adaptive reasoning ability (propose conjectures or conjectures, provide reasons or evidence about the truth of a statement, draw conclusions from an idea, check the validity of an argument, and find patterns from a mathematical problem) and all indicators in the Polya step (understand the problem, make a plan, implement the plan and re-examine the results).
Root Exudation of Specialized Molecules for Plant-Environment Interaction
Authors: Rasmann Sergio , Hiltpold Ivan
Published: November 2022

It has been estimated that between 40 and 60 % of the assimilated carbon is diverted to the roots and released in the rhizosphere in form of root exudates. Root exudates thus define a complex mixture of low and high molecular weight compounds, including carbohydrates, amino acids, organic, and proteins, but also a broad spectrum of specialized molecules, such as flavonoids, glucosinolates, terpenoids, or alkaloids. Root exudates favour soil mineral nutrition, can bind to soil aggregate and in turn modify soil physico-chemical properties, but also mediate plant-plant, plant-microbe, and plant-animal interactions belowground. With this review, we aim to highlight how chemical ecologists have approached the study of root exudates-mediated interactions between plants and their biotic and abiotic surroundings. We do so by presenting a series of study cases for, on one hand, showcasing different methodologies that have been developed to test the activity of different root exudates, and, on the other hand, to show the broad array of interactions mediated by root exudates. Ultimately, we aim to spur further research and collaborations between chemists and ecologists studying belowground chemically-mediated interactions, so as to tackle essential challenges in terms of food security and climate change in the near future.
The Chemical Ecology of Benzoxazinoids
Authors: Robert Christelle A. M. , Mateo Pierre
Published: November 2022

Benzoxazinoids are specialized metabolites that modulate plant physiology and plant interactions with their environment. In this review, we synthesize their multiple functions and ecological relevance. We first provide an overview of benzoxazinoid biosynthesis and highlight known regulatory elements involved in modulating their production. We then outline the role of benzoxazinoids in plant nutrition, vegetative and reproductive growth, and defense. We further summarize benzoxazinoid response to environmental factors such as temperature, drought, CO2, light, or nutrient levels and emphasize their potential role in tolerating abiotic stresses. Finally, we argue that benzoxazinoids act as a strong selective force on different trophic levels by shaping the plant interactions with microbes, insect herbivores, and competitor plants. Understanding the pivotal role of benzoxazinoids in plant biology is crucial to apprehend their impact on (agro)ecosystem functioning and diversity.
Chemical Ecology of Nematodes
Authors: Von Reuss Stephan H. , Machado Ricardo A. R.
Published: November 2022

Nematodes represent the most abundant group of metazoans on earth. They utilize diverse chemicals to interact with con-specific and hetero-specific organisms, and are also impacted by compounds produced by other interacting organisms. In the first part of this review we discuss how nematode-derived glycolipids modulate their behavior and development, as well as the interactions with other organisms. Furthermore, we provide a short overview about other secondary metabolites produced by nematodes that affect different life traits of free-living nematodes. In the second part of this review we discuss how different bacteria-, nematode-, and plant-derived chemicals such as volatile organic compounds, root exudates, and plant defenses regulate the interaction between entomopathogenic nematodes, their symbiotic bacteria, insect prey, predators, and plants.
The most common linkers in bioactive molecules and their bioisosteric replacement network
Authors: Ertl Peter , Altmann Eva , Racine Sophie
Published: November 2022

Structures of the large majority of bioactive molecules are composed of several rings that are decorated by substituents and connected by linkers. While numerous cheminformatics studies focusing on rings and substituents are available, practically nothing has been published about the third important structural constituent of bioactive molecules - the linkers. The current study attempts to fill this gap. The most common linkers present in bioactive molecules are identified, their properties analyzed and a method for linker similarity search introduced. The bioisosteric replacement network of linkers is generated based on a large corpus of structure-activity data from medicinal chemistry literature.The results are presented in a graphical form and the underlying data are also made available for download. This analysis is intended to help medicinal chemists to better understand the role of linkers in bioactive molecules and to select an optimal set of linkers in their future project.
Theoretical calculation-based ammonia affinity: A unified method for evaluating Lewis acidity of organoboronic acid derivatives
Authors: Tanaka Hideya , Nakamoto Masaaki , Yoshida Hiroto
Published: November 2022

Theoretical calculation-based ammonia affinity (AA) has been found to unifiedly evaluate Lewis acidity of organoboronic acid derivatives [boronates: B(pin), B(neop), B(cat), B(eg), B(nad); boronamides: B(dan), B(aam), B(mdan)], while other methods [LUMO energies, global electrophilicity index (GEI), fluoride ion affinity (FIA)] were only partially applicable. The AA analysis estimated that the Lewis acidity of the B(mdan) moiety was sufficiently diminished but stronger than the B(dan) moiety; this was experimentally demonstrated by excellent stability toward hydrolysis and direct cross-coupling with a weak base.
Retos de la divulgación de la inteligencia artificial en los cibermedios españoles
Authors: De Lara Alicia
Published: November 2022

El estudio Digital Frontiers 2019, basado en una encuesta a 1500 personas, indica que el 62 % de la población consultada desconoce qué es la inteligencia artificial (IA). En concreto, el 60 % de los encuestados cree que la IA es un robot. Dada la importancia de los medios para la divulgación científica —según una encuesta de la Fundación Española Ciencia y Tecnología (FECYT) del 2020, el 61 % de los españoles consume ciencia a través de la prensa digital y las redes sociales—, nos proponemos analizar hasta qué punto los contenidos de medios españoles sobre cuestiones relacionadas con la IA son rigurosos, comprensibles y explican adecuadamente los conceptos tecnológicos. La metodología se basa en un análisis de veinte noticias publicadas por medios de comunicación digitales en habla hispana que incluyen el término “inteligencia artificial”, además de la consulta a diez profesionales de la prensa acerca de lo que opinan sobre la divulgación de la IA. Los resultados indican que la cobertura mediática en España sobre la IA y los conceptos asociados presenta carencias. Se aprecia una ausencia de lenguaje comprensible para un tipo de público más amplio y variado, una falta de conexión con el día a día de las personas y una escasa profundidad al tratar el tema.
Comparative Analysis of HQS, JCI and HIMSS-EMRAM Quality Assessment Models Widely Used in Turkey
Authors: CECE Sinem , KÖSE İlker
Published: November 2022

The standards developed for measuring quality ensure the management of the dynamic structure of health services, the reduction of uncertainties, and the prevention of errors since quality relies on measurement, evaluation, and continuous improvement. Additionally, the models used in measuring health service quality are divided into two: case-based and indicator-based. Using the document analysis method, this study compared the Joint Commission International (JCI), Healthcare Quality Standards (HQS) and Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) – Electronic Medical Record Adoption Model (EMRAM) models, which are included in the indicator-based health quality measurement models, in terms of the concepts, processes, and standards featured in them. Within the scope of the study, a total of 1,141 standards from all three models were examined. Ethical approval was taken from local ethics committee on 10/08/2020. Upon the comparison, it was understood that the HQS and JCI models were more similar in "presence rates" than the HIMSS-EMRAM model in terms of concept (83%), process (66%), and standard (64%). It was concluded that HIMSS EMRAM standards can be used as a very useful tool for making improvements and identifying deficiencies in HQS and JCI processes.
Securitization and Identity: The Speech Acts of Bashar al-Assad
Authors: DÜMEN Havva
Published: November 2022

Security is one of the crucial concepts in International Relations. Due to diversity of the security issues encountered by the states, there is a lack of consensus on the definition of the concept. The traditional understanding of the security focuses on threats militarily and state was at the center. However, different approaches emerged to re-conceptualize the concept by the end of the Cold War. The Copenhagen School and its offshoot securitization is one of these approaches which is being frequently used in International Relations. The aim of this study is to analyze the securitization process of opposition, different identities and other actors by President Bashar al-Assad during the Civil War. This research argues that the opposition is securitized with the help of different identities in order to convince both Syrians and regional and international actors so that the securitizing actor can take the extraordinary measures. This study conducts the methods of literature review to clarify the concept of securitization and under which conditions it took place and discourse and content analysis to highlight the speech acts of Bashar al-Assad during the process. To this end, 46 different speeches and interviews of President Bashar al-Assad are analyzed. In all, it is concluded that speeches/discourses adopted by Assad had implications which served the aims and the targets of his rule and government during the Syrian Civil War.
DSCR1 deficiency ameliorates the Aβ pathology of Alzheimer’s disease by enhancing microglial activity
Authors: Choi Chiyeol , Kim Hyerin , Oh Jiyoung , Park Chanho , Kim Min , Kim Chu-Sook , Park Jiyoung
Published: November 2022

Microglial phagocytosis and clearance are important for the removal of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Chronic exposure of microglia to Aβ plaques leads to microglial metabolic dysfunction, and dysregulation of microglia can accelerate the deposition of Aβ plaques and cause learning and memory impairment. Thus, regulating microglial Aβ clearance is crucial for the development of therapeutics for AD-related dementia. Here, Down syndrome critical region 1 (DSCR1) deficiency ameliorated Aβ plaque deposition in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD by altering microglial activity; however, the Aβ synthesis pathway was not affected. DSCR1 deficiency improved spatial learning and memory impairment in 5xFAD mice. Furthermore, DSCR1-deficient microglia exhibited accelerated lysosomal degradation of Aβ after phagocytosis, and BV2 cells with stable knockdown of DSCR1 demonstrated enhanced lysosomal activity. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that the transcriptional signatures associated with responses to IFN-γ were significantly up-regulated in DSCR1-knockdown BV2 cells treated with Aβ. Our data strongly suggest that DSCR1 is a critical mediator of microglial degradation of amyloid plaques and a new potential microglial therapeutic target in AD.
Inflammasome is a central player in B cell development and homing
Authors: Hsu Man Lun , Zouali Moncef
Published: November 2022

Whereas the role of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain–containing protein (NLRP) 3 pathway in innate immunity has been extensively studied, little attention has been paid to its contribution to adaptive immunity. Studies in animal models and human subjects have shown the contribution of NLRP3 to the T cell compartment, and its role in B lymphocyte functions has been proposed. Here, we report that ablation ofnlrp3in mice led to altered B cell development in the bone marrow, and distorted expression of B cell subsets that play innate-like functions, that is, marginal zone B cells in the spleen and B-1a cells in the peritoneal cavity. Mechanistically, in the absence of NLRP3 expression, the transcription factor IRF4, previously found to interact with NLRP3 in the nucleus of lymphocytes, was up-regulated. NLRP3 ablation reduced the expression of the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 in an IRF4-dependent manner, indicating that the presence of NLRP3 is critical for optimal expression of chemokine receptors on B cells. We conclude that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a role in B cell development, homing, and retention in lymphoid organs.