bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribuições do Design Gráfico inclusivo na concepção materiais de educação em saúde na Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru –USP
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Medina Camila , Ferrari Deborah Viviane ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Domiciano Cassia Leticia Carrara ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista
Published: February 2024

Introdução:Materiais de educação em saúde são produtos gráficos de informação – digitais ou analógicos - como tutoriais, cartilhas, livretos, manuais de instrução de tecnologias assistivas, etc. Quando elaborados com base em conceitos de Design Gráfico Inclusivo e considerando as características do público-alvo, podem se tornar importantes e fundamentais ferramentas de promoção a saúde e autocuidado. Por esse motivo, são frequentemente utilizados como aliados no processo de tratamento e prevenção, atuando como fonte de informação e consulta. No Campus USP de Bauru são produzidos diversos materiais dessa natureza destinados aos indivíduos assistidos pelos cursos de saúde nele instalados. Para tal, foram desenvolvidas diversas pesquisas no âmbito do design em saúde com equipes multidisciplinares. Objetivo:O objetivo desse trabalho é demonstrar as metodologias utilizadas para a concepção de materiais gráficos mais inclusivos na área da saúde e demonstrar alguns desses materiais utilizados no Campus USP Bauru. Metodologia:Para tal, conceitos que auxiliam a concepção de materiais gráficos de informação em saúde foram previamente levantados na literatura de acordo com os seguintes parâmetros: conteúdo, linguagem, organização, tipografia, layout, ilustração, estímulo à leitura e motivação e adequação cultural. Resultados:De acordo com tais parâmetros foram realizados diversos produtos gráficos voltados aos indivíduos e/ou seus familiares e cuidadores. Conclusão:Depreende-se, portanto, a importância da interface entre o Design e a área da saúde para a busca de soluções para a concepção de materiais gráficos inclusivos de promoção à saúde e que contribuam para a inclusão social do indivíduo com menor letramento funcional em saúde, idosos e/ou com alguma deficiência.
Estudo da viabilidade econômica da recuperação da prata em resíduos provenientes de análises de DQO
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Cavalheiro Maria Cecilia Henrique Tavares , Mion Caroline Franceschini ,   Universidade de São Paulo
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A recuperação de resíduos é fundamental na gestão de resíduos, pois previne danos ao meio ambiente e à saúde pública causados pela disposição inadequada. Os processos de recuperação de resíduos envolvem gastos que devem ser considerados para avaliar a viabilidade econômica. Os resíduos provenientes de análises de demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) contém grande concentração de íons prata passíveis de recuperação, pois além de possuir significativo valor agregado, corre o risco de escassez. Objetivo: estudar a viabilidade econômica da recuperação da prata contida nos resíduos provenientes de análises de DQO. Analisar a eficiência de remoção e recuperação da prata, avaliar a pureza do material recuperado e a vantagem da reciclagem da prata em determinações de DQO. Metodologia: A prata foi precipitada da solução na forma de AgCl através do uso de NaCl, que foi purificado com a uso de NH4OH para a remoção seletiva do Hg2Cl2 precipitado. O AgCl purificado foi convertido a prata metálica que foi convertida a Ag2SO4 para ser reutilizada em determinações de DQO. Resultados: As eficiências de remoção e recuperação da prata foram de 96,75% e 96,30%, e sua pureza foi de ~ 98,11% (m/m). O reaproveitamento da prata se mostrou viável para determinar a DQO de solução padrão de KHP, gerando um lucro de ~R$ 0,18/g de prata recuperada. Conclusão: Apresentou uma economia de ~ 50% em relação à preparação do reagente que contém Ag2SO4 comercial. Apesar do lucro da recuperação da prata ser pouco significativo, temos os benefícios ambientais da recuperação do metal.
Permanência estudantil e a TCI: ações de cuidados coletivos e solidários em saúde mental
Authors:   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ruiz Josefa Emilia Lopes , Murcia Morgana ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Freitas Sandra Fernandes de ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Souza Taisa Borges de ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Pereira Paloma Soares ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista
Published: February 2024

Introdução: O CENPE, Unidade Auxiliar e Polo Formador em Terapia Comunitária Integrativa, desde 2005 desenvolve atividades de extensão voltadas para a saúde mental, mediante o Programa Qualidade de Vida e Acolhimento aos Alunos das quatro Unidades da UNESP- Araraquara. Objetivos: Apresentar uma prática coletiva de cuidados, incluindo a TCI, em um contexto plural e desafiador que é a Universidade, ampliar o conceito do processo saúde-doença-cuidados e valorizar outras práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde, como um caminho de prevenção e enfrentamento ao sofrimento psíquico dos universitários. Metodologia: O programa possui cronograma anual, com encontros de 2 horas, desenvolvido em salas de aulas , no CENPE e na moradia estudantil. São realizadas rodas de TCI, atividades de autoconhecimento, de relaxamento psico-corporal e de praticas integrativas e complementares em saúde. Resultados: No decurso desses 18 anos, encontramos um continuum permanente de queixas e dificuldades associadas a quadros de ansiedade, fobias, pânicos, ideias suicidas, dependência química e relacionais, dificuldades de deixar a família de origem e desenvolver autonomia e autocuidados. Esse programa resulta no acolhimento dessas dores emocionais e propicia vínculos solidários e pertencimento. Conclusão: A permanência estudantil deve pleitear a saúde integral, que passa pela saúde mental dos discentes, devendo criar espaços de cuidados coletivos, avançar e estruturar uma política sólida, com ações afirmativas e coordenadas entre si, contínuas e integradas a outros serviços, como o SUS, deve aprender a trabalhar em rede colaborativa e a valorizar outras PICS. O processo saúde-doença-autocuidado deve ser considerado e ter um destaque dentro da Universidade!
Central de Captações em Hospital Público: uma ação de parceria social para a sustentabilidade que arrecadou mais de R$ 10 milhões em 12 meses.
Authors: Roscani Alessandra Nazareth Caine Pereira
Published: February 2024

Introdução: Doação é o ato de transmitir gratuitamente bens ou de qualquer quantia ou objeto que constitui propriedade. Central de captações é o departamento ou área responsável pela administração das negociações e ações desenvolvidas para captar e receber doações. Objetivo: Apresentar a experiência de instituir uma central de doações em hospital público. Metodologia: A central foi instituída com o direcionamento de um profissional, liberação de um ramal institucional e um celular dedicado exclusivamente para a captação. Captação de voluntários para desenvolvimentos de ferramentas de comunicação, marketing e operações. Resultados: Em março de 2020, a central de doações e, em paralelo, o programa Amigos do Hospital de Clínicas foram instituídos como canais e processos para captação de recursos. De março de 2020 a dezembro de 2021 foram captados R$3.098.384,48 em doações através de depósito bancário e R$ 7.645.570,65 em equipamentos, equipamentos de proteção individual, insumos e materiais. As ações desenvolvidas foram extremamente importantes para a sustentabilidade do hospital e a superação da pandemia, concluindo o período uma arrecadação total de R$ 10.743.955,13. Foram desenvolvidos um site específico, logos, estabelecidos os canais de comunicação: telefone fixo, telefone móvel, WhatsApp. Além disso, foi desenvolvido um caderno solidário com itens passíveis de doação e estabelecido um programa de fidelização de doadores. Com estes canais a Central captou itens específicos demandados pelo enfrentamento do Covid-19 e necessários para melhorias institucionais. Conclusão: As ações da Central de Captações foram extremamente importantes para a manter a sustentabilidade de processos críticos e a superação da pandemia Covid-19.
A educação para a Gestão Ambiental e de resíduos em Universidade: plano de gestão de resíduos urbanos
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Silva Washington Roberto Rodrigues da , Almeida Amanda Roberta de ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Bocayuva Claudemir Natal Marcatto ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Pascote Fernanda Pereira ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Souza Maria Gineusa de Medeiros e ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Micaroni Regina Clélia da Costa Mesquita ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: February 2024

A de Gestão Ambiental e de Resíduos GEARE, ligada à Diretoria Executiva de Planejamento Integrado – DEPI, em parceria com a Escola de Educação Corporativa da Unicamp EDUCORP, realizou em 2022 o curso Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos Urbanos Local – PGRU de 13 órgãos administrativos. Em 2023 realizou a 2ª edição do curso para elaboração do PGRU nas áreas administrativas do campus de Campinas. A GEARE ofereceu o curso para quem não gera resíduos perigosos, participaram 17 órgãos, com 19 servidores. O sistema de gestão ambiental da Unicamp tem por base três elementos a Coordenadoria de Gestão Ambiental e de Resíduos, a Câmara Técnica de Gestão de Resíduos e a Rede de Facilitadores. A Câmara Técnica de Gestão de Resíduos em 2003 elaborou programas ambientais, em 2012 eliminou o passivo de resíduos perigosos. Em 2022 e 2023 priorizamos a gestão de resíduos urbanos. A GEARE elaborou um curso técnico para aplicar o Programa de Gestão Resíduos Urbanos. As indicações novas de facilitadores foram capacitadas e o curso contemplou o gerenciamento de todos os resíduos sólidos comuns, recicláveis ou não, além de informar a existência do programa de gerenciamento de resíduos da construção civil e as exigências do órgão ambiental do estado de São Paulo relativas à destinação de resíduos. Foram 5 aulas teóricas e 4 aulas para as apresentações dos planos das unidades participantes. Parte do curso foi presencial, totalizando 25 horas de aulas. Houve também 5 encontros virtuais para assessoria durante a elaboração do PGRL, total 8 horas.
O Telemonitoramento dos pacientes com DIABETES MELLITUS atendidos no Centro de Saúde da Comunidade da Unicamp durante a pandemia de COVID19
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Bertan Hamilton , Moraes Ana Lúcia Carletti de ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Oliveira Guilherme Henrique Costa ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Di Grazia Renata Cristina ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Moreira Ricardo Pereira ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Granzotto Tânia Maria ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Ferreira Sonia Maria Dorta ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Tonbolato Ricardo Manfrim ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Stolf Maria Cristina ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Pagamice Leila Tássia ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Antunes Luciane da Silva ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Trevisane Rôse Clélia Grion ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Albertin Rosely Cai ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Purcino Luciana Sales ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Pinheiro Charles Eugenio Velloso ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: February 2024

Introdução: O Brasil é o 5º país com maior incidência de diabetes no mundo. Frente a isso e em virtude do isolamento proposto como medida de controle da pandemia de COVID-19, o acompanhamento dos pacientes com diabetes passou a ser feito através do telemonitoramento (atendimento por meio de ligações telefônicas). Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é compartilhar nossa experiência na utilização do telemonitoramento no acompanhamento dos pacientes com diabetes (DM). Metodologia: Foi realizado um relato de experiência da atuação do GDM na utilização do telemonitoramento como ferramenta para o acompanhamento dos pacientes com diabetes atendidos no CECOM, durante o período de 2020 a 2021. Resultados: Considerando a classificação da prioridade de atendimento previamente definida, realizamos com sucesso 173 atendimentos telefônicos em 2020 e 403 em 2021. A maioria destes, 61,7% do total, apresentaram HBA1c de risco para complicações (nível maior que 7). Chama a atenção que 1 em cada 10 pacientes apresentou nível de HBA1c maior que 10 (risco grave de complicação/vermelho). Tais dados justificaram a elaboração e aplicação do telemonitoramento. Conclusão: Diante das dificuldades impostas pela pandemia Covid-19, e dada a gravidade dos casos, consideramos que o telemonitoramento foi um recurso importante no acompanhamento dos pacientes com diabetes atendidos no CECOM: permitiu a continuidade da assistência sem aumentar a circulação de pessoas neste serviço. Além disso, esta abordagem da equipe do GDM, além de promover o acolhimento dos pacientes, permitiu a prática de educação em saúde e o direcionamento das demandas, inclusive para consulta médica presencial quando necessário.
Auriculoterapia na promoção do cuidado dos profissionais da saúde
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Santos Flávia Zanini Ribeiro dos , Santos Carla Rayane dos ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Braga Cristiane ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Silva Érika Exner Rezende da ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Lira Ana Regina de ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Costa Elisangela Francisca da ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: February 2024

O Serviço de Recursos Humanos do Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. J. A. Pinotti, buscando ampliar a abrangência de seu programa de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde (PICS) e apoiado na Política Nacional (PNPIC/MS-2006) que institucionalizou as práticas integrativas no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), viabilizou por meio de parcerias e da atuação voluntária de profissionais de enfermagem, a capacitação e a implantação da auriculoterapia, terapia da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, reconhecida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), como prática continua a ser oferecida mensalmente aos profissionais da saúde, com o intuito de promover o bem estar físico e emocional de profissionais expostos ao estresse ocupacional e fortemente impactados pela pandemia da COVID-19. A técnica contou com ampla aceitação dos profissionais, somado a sua facilidade de aplicação, recursos e estrutura, tem se mostrado efetiva para promoção de qualidade de vida no ambiente hospitalar, o que se confirma no elevado índice de satisfação apontado pelos profissionais beneficiados com a prática.
Gestão de Resíduos da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP)
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Campanini Luciana Goncalves de Aguiar , Fantucci Marina Zilio ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Manzato Carla Pavan ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Schiavinato Josiane Lílian dos Santos ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Barros Danniely Nair da Silva ,   Universidade de São Paulo,   Universidade de São Paulo, Thomaz Sandra Maria de Oliveira ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Trombela Viviane Ambrósio ,   Universidade de São Paulo
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP), através da Comissão de Gestão Ambiental (CGA), criou em 2013 o Grupo de Trabalho de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (GT-RSS) para formular o Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (PGRSS) para atender às legislações.Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a atuação do grupo.Metodologia: Relato da atuação do GT-RSS, baseado em relatórios produzidos pelo grupo.Resultados: No processo de elaboração do PGRSS, o GT-RSS verificou a necessidade de padronizar procedimentos e adquiriu até o momento aproximadamente 320 recipientes para a padronização do descarte dos diferentes tipos de resíduos, passou a gerir os resíduos químicos: os passíveis de recuperação e reuso são encaminhados ao Laboratório de Resíduos Químicos do Campus e os demais são encaminhados para incineração (aproximadamente 4100 kg entre 2017-2023), promove a destinação adequada de pilhas e baterias (728 kg entre 2017-2023), desde 2019 através da parceria com uma organização da sociedade civil encaminha isopor para reciclagem, desde de 2022 encaminha através de logística reversa esponjas de limpeza e materiais de escrita para reciclagem e atua na educação ambiental elaborando continuamente materiais informativos, oferece cursos, palestras e visitas técnicas.Conclusão: Ao longo desses anos houve grande avanço com a otimização da gestão de resíduos, ampliação da consciência ambiental que incluem o crescente envolvimento da comunidade FMRP-USP, entretanto, um dos grandes desafios é a falta de um serviço especializado para trabalhar exclusivamente com a gestão de resíduos.
Acesso avançado na estratégia de saúde da família : contexto e desafios de implantação
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Almeida Isabela Oliveira de , Santos Débora de Souza ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Paulino Giovanne Bento ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Marques Dalvani ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Silva Eliete Maria ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Costa Paula Cristina Pereira da ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rocha Fernanda Mota ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), por meio da Estratégia Saúde da Família, se consolida como o primeiro contato do usuário com a Rede de Atenção à Saúde após longo processo histórico no Brasil. O modelo de Acesso Avançado se apresenta como proposta inovadora para ampliação do acesso a serviços da Atenção Primária à Saúde. A experiência brasileira com o método é recente e pouco explorada. Tomando como princípio básico “fazer o trabalho de hoje, hoje”, o modelo busca equilibrar a demanda dos pacientes com a oferta dos profissionais de saúde que fornecem o cuidado. Objetivo: Analisar o contexto de implantação do modelo de Acesso Avançado em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família piloto, destacando os desafios e potencialidades desse processo. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, em que as técnicas de observação participante, diário de campo e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com a equipe multiprofissional foram empregadas para coleta de dados. A análise por meio da hermenêutica-dialética possibilitou a descrição e interpretação crítica da implantação do modelo. Por se tratar de estudo envolvendo seres humanos, a pesquisa foi submetida ao comitê de ética em pesquisa da Universidade Estadual de Campinas e aprovada com número do CAEE 02352818.1.0000.5404. Resultados: Os resultados apontam para satisfação e maior resolutividade dos problemas, porém, com comprometimento da longitudinalidade e integralidade do cuidado. Como desafios do modelo, destacam-se o déficit entre o tamanho da equipe e sua população, falta de estrutura física e cuidados com pacientes crônicos. A equipe de enfermagem foi evidenciada como potencial para o sucesso do modelo. Conclusões: O modelo de Acesso Avançado se destaca como uma possibilidade de organização das agendas, porém tanto sua implantação como seu sucesso devem considerar a história e o contexto da APS em cada unidade e na política municipal.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HOLISTIC CARE-BASED HEALTH EDUCATION PREVENTS EARLY TEENAGE MARRIAGE AT ISLAMIC SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 4 BAOURNE BOJONEGORO
Authors: Muhidayati Wiwik , Nuryanti Titik , AZIZAH NUR , Afandi Agus ari , Admasari Yuli
Published: February 2024

Background: Teenage are in the age range between 10-19 years. Meanwhile, teenage is a period of transitional development from childhood to adulthood so that it will influence holistic changes both biologically, psychologically, socially and spiritually. Early marriages (<19 tahun) should not be carried out considering the many risks that may occur to the mother and baby. Therefore, it is important to know the influence of holistic care-based health education on efforts to prevent early teenage marriage. Method:  The design of this research is quasi-experimental with a pre-posttest control group design. The population in the study was all MAN 4 Baureno school student totaling 313 respondents. The sample was 37 respondents using a non-probability method using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire and the Wilcoxon Sign Ranks Test was carried out with a significance level of 0.05.Result: The results of the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test showed a value of p = 0.000 (p<0.05) meaning that there was a significant difference in the level of knowledge and after holistic care education was carried out. Conclusion : Holistic care-based education can increase knowledge. Holistic care-based education seen from a biological, psychological, social and spiritual perspective is very suitable for health education, health services and health development that is suitable for adolescent children.
FACTORS AFFECTING EARLY COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING OF MOTHERS WITH BABIES AGED 0-6 MONTHS
Authors: Nataningtyas Candra Dewinataningtyas , Kumalasari Dian , Kurniasari Mia Ashari , Putri Ellatyas Rahmawati Tejo
Published: February 2024

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for babies from 0 to 6 months of age and continued until 2 years of age can promote healthy growth and development. According to the WHO, in 2020, if a child receives complementary foods before 6 months of age, their growth will be delayed, and the risk of diarrhea is 17 times higher and the risk of upper respiratory tract infection is 3 times higher. The problem of this study is that the rate of early complementary food distribution for babies aged 0–6 months is still high. This study aims to determine factors affecting early complementary feeding for babies from 0 to 6 months of age. Method: The design of this research is descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The research was carried out in July–September 2023 in Banaran Village, Kediri East Java, with a sample of 32 respondents consisting of mothers with babies aged 0–6 months who had been given early complementary feeding. Sampling is done by consecutive sampling. The variables in this study are factors that influence the provision of early complementary feeding for mothers with babies aged 0–6 months. Data was obtained through direct interviews with respondents using a questionnaire. Results: This study showed that the factors affecting early complementary feeding are socio-cultural factors with high category (81.3%), knowledge level factors with medium category (50%), personal factors with low category (87.6%) and promotional advertising for infant formula and baby food have medium category (71.9%). Conclusion: research results shows that the factors affecting early complementary feeding for babies from aged 0-6 months are socio-cultural factors, personal factors, and promotional advertising factors.
A review of wastewater-based epidemiology for antimicrobial resistance surveillance
Authors: Clarke Leah M. , O’Brien Jake W. , Murray Aimee K. , Gaze William H. , Thomas Kevin V.
Published: February 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is recognized as one of the most serious threats to public health. Unparalleled population growth and accelerated rates of AMR emergence and dissemination have resulted in both novel resistance in pathogenic organisms and the re-appearance of infections that were formerly under control. Consequently, this has led to an increased quantity of infectious diseases. One of the main drivers of antimicrobial overuse is inappropriate prescribing in human and veterinary medicine. The ability to rapidly survey the spread of antimicrobial resistance within human populations is key for its prevention, intervention, and control. However, many constraints are present for current clinical surveillance systems and their capacity to determine AMR dynamics in the microbiome of healthy individuals as well as in clinical pathogens causing infections. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an emergent technique that has the capacity to act as a supplementary measure for current infectious disease surveillance systems and as an early warning system for infectious disease outbreaks. The development of disease outbreaks to the community level can be monitored in real time through the analysis of population pooled wastewater. This review provides an introduction to using wastewater-based epidemiology to monitor AMR bacteria, as well as an overview of wastewater-based epidemiology and its components.
La(Fe,Si/Al)13-based materials with exceptional magnetic functionalities: a review
Authors: Long Feixiang , Song Yuzhu , Chen Jun
Published: February 2024

The field of magnetic functional materials continues to garner significant attention due to its research and diverse applications, such as magnetic storage and spintronics. Among these, La(Fe,Si/Al)13-based materials exhibit abundant magnetic properties and emerge as highly captivating subjects with immense potential. This review provides an overview of the diverse magnetic structures and itinerant electron metamagnetic transition observed in La(Fe,Si/Al)13-based materials. The transformation of different magnetic configurations elicits the phenomena such as negative thermal expansion, magnetostriction, magnetocaloric effect, and barocaloric effect. In addition, the pivotal role of spin and lattice coupling in these phenomena is revealed. The magnetic functionalities of La(Fe,Si/Al)13-based materials can be controlled through adjustments of magnetic exchange interactions. Key methods, including chemical substitution, external field application, and interstitial atom insertion, enable precise modulation of these functionalities. This review not only provides valuable insights into the design and development of magnetic functional materials but also offers significant contributions to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing their magnetic behaviors.
The Role of Wrench Fault Tectonics and Relative Changes of Sea Level on
Deposition of Upper Miocene - Pliocene Pismo Formation, Pismo Syncline,
California
Authors: Stanley K. O. , Surdam Ronald C.
Published: February 2024

The Pismo Formation records late Miocene and Pliocene sedimentation on the margin of an extensional wrench-fault basin between the West Huasna Fault Zone and the Hosgri Fault Zone. The formation is made up of three depositional sequences of relatively conformable successions of genetically related strata bound by unconformities. The earliest sequence of late Miocene and early Pliocene age rests unconformably on Monterey highstand deposits and records a major downward shift in coastal onlap associated with a fall of relative sea level. This downward shift in coastal onlap was brought about by uplift associated with formation of the basin and right lateral movement on the faults bounding the basin, the West Huasna system, and by the 6.6 million years before present Messinian global fall in sea level. The fall in global sea level accentuated deformation that resulted from tectonic uplift at the basin margin and led to deposition of lowstand deposits.

A subsequent rise in sea level resulted in a rapid landward shift in coastal onlap and the deposition of nearshore inner neritic sandstone of the Edna Member. These sandstones interfinger to the southwest with outer neritic mudstone and diatomaceous strata and step landward as relative sea level continued to rise. Cessation of coastal onlap and rapid seaward progradation of neritic sandstones at the top of the sequence, together with the presence of Thalassinoides hardgrounds and penecontemporaneous dolomite concretions in coeval offshore diatomaceous strata, indicate a relative high-stand of sea level. Maximum water depths indicated by laminated diatomaceous strata in their most landward stratigraphic position probably correspond to highstands of global sea level, but also were influenced by early Pliocene subsidence of the basin margin. Relative fall in sea level and downward shift in coastal onlap is indicated by the unconformity between the upper Miocene-lower Pliocene sequence and overlying upper Pliocene sequences. Both upper Pliocene sequences are thin and made up of transgressive inner neritic sandstone and minor outer neritic mudstones and diatomaceous mud-stone. These younger sequences reflect a progressive decrease in accommodation during highstands of global sea level caused by late Pliocene uplift and folding of the Pismo Syncline. The stratal associations and arrangement within depositional sequences provide a basis for evaluating the role of global sea level changes and tectontism on sedimentation in wrench basins. Both factors strongly influenced deposition of the Pismo Formation in the Pismo Syncline, the northeastern margin of the Pismo Basin.
Origin of Dolomites in the Monterey Formation
Authors: Kablanow R.I. , Surdam R.C. , Prezbindowski D.
Published: February 2024

The Monterey Formation in the Pismo and Huasna Basins is characterized by four lithofacies (siliceous, calcareous, phosphatic, and siliciclastic). Each lithofacies contains dolomite as matrix, cements, concretions, replacement features, and as fracture fillings. Some dolomites apparently represent a single diagenetic event, whereas others clearly result from multiple diagenetic events.

Due to its complex diagenetic history the dolomite exhibits a wide range of isotopic compositions (δ13C = -25.5 to +16.8 °/oo and δ180 = -7.2 to +1.2 °/oo, relative to PDB). In the various facies of the Pismo Basin the dolomite replacing microfossils typically exhibits δ13C values of about -15.0 °/oo and an estimated isotopic temperature of formation (T.F.) of 50°C (δ180 values from -3 to -4; using a water δ18q composition of 0.0). In the Huasna Basin the dolomite in the calcareous facies exhibits a range of compositions and T.F. {δ13C = -7.3 to +l.l°/oo and δ180 = -2.0 to -4.0, T.F. of 40 to 50°C). The siliceous facies from both basins contains dolomite, as matrix and framework grain replacements, with the following compositions: δ13C = +6.5 to +12.0 and T.F. of 35 to 50OC (δ*80 = -7.0 to +0.8). The above isotopic compositional differences are interpreted as resulting primarily from variations in burial rates for different lithofacies.

Other conclusions drawn from the isotopic data pertain to concretion growth and the spatial distribution of high temperature dolomite. Concretions and replacement structures from both basins and from various lithofacies show very large variations in isotopic composition [δ13C = -7.6 to +16.8 0/00) and T.F. (from 26 to 52°C, 6I80 = +1.2 to -4). Some concretionary growth occurred at or near the sediment-water interface, whereas other concretionary structures grew at greater depth and higher temperatures. All dolomite samples characterized by high temperatures of formation (>70°C) are spatially associated with regionally significant fluid conduits, either faults or large sand bodies.
A Thermally Subsiding Basin Model for the Maturation of Hydrocarbons in
the Pismo Basin, California
Authors: Heasler Henry P. , Surdam Ronald C.
Published: February 2024

Previously developed models which describe the formation of a sedimentary basin due to cooling lithospheric material (D. L. Turcotte’s method) and the generation of hydrocarbons as a function of time and temperature (D. W. Waples’ method) have been applied to the Pismo Basin in San Luis Obispo County, California. This basin was studied because of its excellent hydrocarbon potential due to organic rich sediments. The Miocene Monterey Formation contains as much as 5 weight percent organic carbon and is as much as 1500 meters thick in the Pismo Basin. A thermally subsiding basin model was applied to the basin as suggested by the complex tectonic history of the region in order to determine the maturity of the Monterey Formation.

Thermal parameters calculated from the subsiding basin model are in agreement with reported values for the area. Calculated parameters include a heat flow value of 105 milliwatts per square meter, a thermal gradient of 50°C per kilometer, and a basin depth of 2.9 kilometers.

Applying Waples’ method for the maturation of hydrocarbons to the modeled thermal regime results in the following conclusions:1.In the central portion of the Pismo Basin the Monterey Formation has entered the liquid oil window at 1.6 kilometers below the present ground surface.2.At 2.0 kilometers below the surface the Monterey Formation has entered the zone of intense oil generation.3.At 2.2 kilometers below the surface (340 meters above the volcaniclastic Obispo Formation) oil generation in the Monterey Formation has ceased due to high temperatures.
Categorizing and quantifying doctor’s extended answers and their strategies in medical teleconsultations
Authors: Li Huaikui Kevin
Published: February 2024

This study analyzes 210 clinical teleconsultations using corpus software to categorize and quantify doctors’ extended answers and communication strategies. The results indicate that doctors’ extended answers can be divided into seven categories, with explanations for not being able to provide accurate diagnoses having the highest percentage (40.7%), followed by justifications for diagnoses at 30.8%. The remaining categories have significantly lower frequencies. Particularly the two categories of giving soothing words or apology, and providing non-medication resources only account for 3.2% and 3.9% respectively. Brown & Levinson’s communication strategy framework is applied to categorize strategies used in extended answers. Four strategies are identified: baldly on-record strategy (BORS), positive politeness strategy (PPS), negative politeness strategy (NPS), and off-record strategy (ORS). Among these, there are two categories of BORS, three categories of PPS, seven categories of NPS and one category of ORS. NPSs are the most frequently used (83.0%). BORSs represent a portion of 9.6%. PPSs account for 6.4% and ORS is the least used (1.0%). Among NPSs the category of making vague diagnoses has the highest percentage (31.4%), followed by the category of providing justifications or explanations for diagnoses (30.0%). The remaining ones each have far lower percentages. The categories of minimizing an imposition and explaining reasons of not being able to make accurate diagnoses have a proportion at 12.1% and 6.7% respectively. The other three ones account for not more than 3% in total, with the category of making an apology in speech acts of imposition only accounting for 0.2%. The two categories of BORSs, directly asking patients to accept certain treatments, and to adopt certain rehabilitation have percentages of not great difference (5.1% versus 4.5%). In PPSs, the category of being optimistic represents the dominant proportion (4.2%). The category of using in-group markers is the least employed (0.4%).
ChatGPT Demonstrates Potential for Identifying Psychiatric Disorders: Application to Childbirth-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Bartal Alon , Jagodnik Kathleen M. , Chan Sabrina J. , Dekel Sharon
Published: February 2024

Free-text analysis using Machine Learning (ML)-based Natural Language Processing (NLP) shows promise for diagnosing psychiatric conditions. Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) has demonstrated preliminary initial feasibility for this purpose; however, whether it can accurately assess mental illness remains to be determined. This study evaluates the effectiveness of ChatGPT and the text-embedding-ada-002 (ADA) model in detecting post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth (CB-PTSD), a maternal postpartum mental illness affecting millions of women annually, with no standard screening protocol. Using a sample of 1,295 women who gave birth in the last six months and were 18 + years old, recruited through hospital announcements, social media, and professional organizations, we explore ChatGPT’s and ADA’s potential to screen for CB-PTSD by analyzing maternal childbirth narratives only. The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5; cutoff 31) was used to assess CB-PTSD. By developing an ML model that utilizes numerical vector representation of the ADA model, we identify CB-PTSD via narrative classification. Our model outperformed (F1 score: 0.82) ChatGPT and six previously published large language models (LLMs) trained on mental health or clinical domains data, suggesting that the ADA model can be harnessed to identify CB-PTSD. Our modeling approach could be generalized to assess other mental health disorders. 1
Implementation and evaluation of portfolio assessment in the “Introduction to Clinical Medicine” course at a Korean medical school: analysis of the content validity index and inter-rater reliability
Authors: Han Jae-Jin , Yoo Dong-Mi
Published: February 2024

Background Portfolio assessment is a comprehensive educational method that is crucial for fostering professionalism, knowledge, and skills. This study addresses the need for reliable evaluation methods in medical education, specifically focusing on the “Introduction to Clinical Medicine” (ICM) course and emphasizing ways of overcoming challenges related to portfolio assessment, such as ensuring evaluators' responsibilities and the reliability of the results.Methods The study included 124 portfolios from the ICM course at E University Medical School. Seven experienced evaluators received training to promote consistent scoring. The evaluation process consisted of three stages: analytical scoring, one-on-one feedback, and comprehensive evaluation. Inter-rater reliability was examined using correlation coefficients and kappa statistics. Content validity was evaluated using the content validity index (CVI).Results The inter-rater reliability analysis demonstrated a strong positive correlation between evaluators, along with high kappa coefficients, indicating a substantial level of agreement. The content validity of the assessment was shown by CVI scores of 0.90 or higher for all items, confirming the validity of the established portfolio evaluation criteria.Conclusions The study validated the reliability and content validity of portfolio assessment in the ICM course, demonstrating its consistency with educational objectives. The results indicate that portfolio assessment could be an effective and credible evaluation method in medical education. To broaden its applicability, recommendations are made to reduce evaluator subjectivity and improve the quality of the overall evaluation process.
Are the Risk of Generalizability Biases Generalizable? A Meta-Epidemiological Study
Authors: von Klinggraeff Lauren , Pfledderer Chris D. , Burkart Sarah , Ramey Kaitlyn , Smith Michal , McLain Alexander C. , Armstrong Bridget , Weaver R. Glenn , Okely Anthony , Lubans David , Ioannidis John P.A. , Jago Russell , Turner-McGrievy Gabrielle , Thrasher James , Li Xiaoming , Beets Michael W.
Published: February 2024

Background
Preliminary studies (e.g., pilot/feasibility studies) can result in misleading evidence that an intervention is ready to be evaluated in a large-scale trial when it is not. Risk of Generalizability Biases (RGBs, a set of external validity biases) represent study features that influence estimates of effectiveness, often inflating estimates in preliminary studies which are not replicated in larger-scale trials. While RGBs have been empirically established in interventions targeting obesity, the extent to which RGBs generalize to other health areas is unknown. Understanding the relevance of RGBs across health behavior intervention research can inform organized efforts to reduce their prevalence.
Purpose
The purpose of our study was to examine whether RGBs generalize outside of obesity-related interventions.
Methods
A systematic review identified health behavior interventions across four behaviors unrelated to obesity that follow a similar intervention development framework of preliminary studies informing larger-scale trials (i.e., tobacco use disorder, alcohol use disorder, interpersonal violence, and behaviors related to increased sexually transmitted infections). To be included, published interventions had to be tested in a preliminary study followed by testing in a larger trial (the two studies thus comprising a study pair). We extracted health-related outcomes and coded the presence/absence of RGBs. We used meta-regression models to estimate the impact of RGBs on the change in standardized mean difference (ΔSMD) between the preliminary study and larger trial.
Results
We identified sixty-nine study pairs, of which forty-seven were eligible for inclusion in the analysis (k = 156 effects), with RGBs identified for each behavior. For pairs where the RGB was present in the preliminary study but removed in the larger trial the treatment effect decreased by an average of ΔSMD=-0.38 (range − 0.69 to -0.21). This provides evidence of larger drop in effectiveness for studies containing RGBs relative to study pairs with no RGBs present (treatment effect decreased by an average of ΔSMD =-0.24, range − 0.19 to -0.27).
Conclusion
RGBs may be associated with higher effect estimates across diverse areas of health intervention research. These findings suggest commonalities shared across health behavior intervention fields may facilitate introduction of RGBs within preliminary studies, rather than RGBs being isolated to a single health behavior field.
Anti-tau single domain antibodies clear pathological tau and attenuate its toxicity and related functional defects
Authors: Nair Sudershana , Jiang Yixiang , Chernobelsky Elizabeth , Marchal Isabella , Huang Huai-Wei , Suh Sarah , Pan Ruimin , Kong Xiang-Peng , Ryoo Hyungdon , Sigurdsson Einar
Published: February 2024

Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the presence of tau inclusions. We have developed over fifty anti-tau single domain antibodies (sdAbs) derived from phage display libraries of a llama immunized with recombinant and pathological tau immunogens. We examined the therapeutic potential of four of these sdAbs in Drosophila tauopathy model following their transgenic expression either in all neurons or neuronal subtypes. Three of these sdAbs showed therapeutic potential in various assays, effectively clearing pathological tau and attenuating or preventing tau-induced phenotypes that typically manifest as defects in neuronal axonal transport, neurodegeneration, functional impairments, and shortened lifespan. Of these three, one sdAb was superior in every assay, which may at least in part be attributed to its tau binding epitope. These findings support its development as a gene therapy for tauopathies.
Deconstructing Stigmatising Narratives: A Qualitative Analysis of Contrast Devices in Interviews with Mothers with a Mental Illness
Authors: Schamschula Monika , Paul Jean Lillian
Published: February 2024

Background
In the context of stigma and mental health research, there are limited empirical studies examining stigma through the positioning of individuals within interview contexts. This study addresses this gap by investigating the positioning processes in interviews with mothers with a mental illness, with a specific focus on the use of contrast devices as a strategy identified through analysis. By analysing how mothers position themselves through contrast devices and which discourses they refer to, this study provides insights into the anticipated stigma from mothers with a mental illness.
Methods
This study is based on 20 semi-narrative interviews with mothers with a mental illness who participated in the Village Project (a pilot project created for children of parents with mental illness in Tyrol, Austria). In the first step, we searched for sections of the interviews where positioning processes became visible and then analysed the segments where they used contrast devices with a deconstructive methodology.
Results
The analysis shows insights into mothers’ efforts to distance themselves from labels such as “bad mother”, “not normal”, “weak woman”, and “calculating individual”. Importantly, these positions often carry a gendered dimension, with motherhood emerging as a central position. Furthermore, our study highlights the challenges mothers with mental illness face in navigating societal norms and expectations related to motherhood during research interviews.
Conclusion
The research contributes to a deeper understanding of the anticipated stigma of mothers with mental illness, emphasising the importance of considering gendered dynamics and societal expectations in mental health research.
Effect of cellular senescence on the response of human peritoneal mesothelial cells to TGF-β
Authors: Kawka Edyta , Herzog Rebecca , Ruciński Marcin , Malińska Agnieszka , Unterwurzacher Markus , Sacnun Juan Manuel , Wagner Anja , Kowalska Katarzyna , Jopek Karol , Kucz-Chrostowska Agata , Kratochwill Klaus , Witowski Janusz
Published: February 2024

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is implicated in both mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) and cellular senescence of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). We previously showed that senescent HPMCs could spontaneously acquire some phenotypic features of MMT, which in young HPMCs were induced by TGF-β. Here, we used electron microscopy, as well as global gene and protein profiling to assess in detail how exposure to TGF-β impacts on young and senescent HPMCs in vitro. We found that TGF-β induced structural changes consistent with MMT in young, but not in senescent HPMCs. Of all genes and proteins identified reliably in HPMCs across all treatments and states, 4,656 targets represented overlapping genes and proteins. Following exposure to TGF-β, 137 proteins and 46 transcripts were significantly changed in young cells, compared to 225 proteins and only 2 transcripts in senescent cells. Identified differences between young and senescent HPMCs were related predominantly to wound healing, integrin-mediated signalling, production of proteases and extracellular matrix components, and cytoskeleton structure. Thus, the response of senescent HPMCs to TGF-β differs or is less pronounced compared to young cells. As a result, the character and magnitude of the postulated contribution of HPMCs to TGF-β-induced peritoneal remodelling may change with cell senescence.
Patchiness of plankton ecosystem structure due to nutrient mixing along the shelf edge in the North Sea
Authors: Cordier Axelle , Bendtsen Jørgen , Daugbjerg Niels , From Nikolaj , Jónasdóttir Sigrún Huld , Mousing Erik Askov , Christensen Jens Tang , Silva Teresa , Richardson Katherine
Published: February 2024

It has been shown that mid-water column turbulence leads to elevated vertical nutrient flux at the shelf edge in the northeastern North Sea. Here, we demonstrate that phytoplankton communities in this region tended to be dominated by larger cells (estimated from percentage of chlorophyll captured on a 10 µm filter) than beyond the shelf edge. Fv/Fm (PSII electron transport capacity) corrected for photoinhibition in the surface layer correlated with percentage of large cells, suggesting that the phytoplankton community was responding to increased nutrients in the euphotic zone by increasing photosynthetic efficiency and altering community composition. The greatest abundances of larger copepods and the highest rates of Centropages typicus egg production were also generally found at the shelf edge. These results suggested that impact from increased nutrient fluxes cascaded up the planktonic food web. As these regions of nutrient flux were very localised, this led to sub-mesoscale heterogeneity in plankton ecosystem structure. Reports of higher abundances of fish and mammals at the shelf edge are common and we hypothesise that their distributions are a response to the impact of mid-water column nutrient upwelling on the plankton food web in the region.