bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СТРАТЕГИИ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО CУВЕРЕНИТЕТА НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ
Authors: Мартинович Н.В. , Петухова М.В. , Корнейчук К.А. , Бойко Г.М.
Published: February 2025

Представленная работа посвящена анализу состояния научной деятельности в Российской Федерации. В статье проведён мониторинг изменений основных показателей за последние годы, вследствие чего определены тенденции развития научной и инновационной деятельности как элемента национальной безопасности и средства обеспечения технологического суверенитета России. В работе условно выделены три взаимосвязанные системы, формирующиеся в процессе реализации научных знаний и получения конкурентных преимуществ как части стратегии безопасности государства. По итогу работы выдвинуто обоснованное предположение о векторе научно-технологического развития Российской Федерации.

Introduction. In the current context of international pressure and rising geopolitical confrontation, relevant theoretical, methodological and applied research taking into account the models of development of Russia, is of growing importance. In response to external pressure, increasing research efforts are being made to investigate the essential features of technological sovereignty and determine its place in the system of scientific knowledge. The Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development outlines two directions of development of the Russian Federation. The first suggests scientific and technological development through technology imports and international scientific and technological integration. The second implies independence and ensuring leadership in the key areas. The purpose of the study is to identify strategies for developing technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation at the present time. The study conventionally singled out three interconnected systems formed in the process of transferring scientific knowledge into practice and gaining competitive advantages as part of the national security strategy. Results. The authors conducted monitoring of changes in the main indicators of scientific activity over recent years, which allowed them to identify trends in the development of scientific and innovation activity as an element of national security and a means of ensuring the technological sovereignty of Russia. Technological sovereignty is the main goal of the scientific and technological security system, one of the main elements of national security. It is concluded that leadership in the key industry segments will contribute to the scientific and technological development of Russia in line with the second designated direction. In this situation, technological independence and operational autonomy become vitally important for the life of society. Based on the results of the study, a well-grounded suggestion on the vector of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation was put forward.
ВОЕННО-ГРАЖДАНСКАЯ ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ: ПОНЯТИЕ И ВИДЫ
Authors: Беркутова Т.А. , Махова А.В. , Ковтун Б.А.
Published: February 2025

В статье проведён анализ понятийного аппарата, применяемого в науч-ной литературе и других материалах, характеризующих содержание военно-гражданской интеграции. Предлагается авторское определение термина «военно-гражданская инте-грация» и введение терминов «прямая военно-гражданская интеграция» и «обратная воен-но-гражданская интеграция», позволяющих более чётко определить предметную область исследования и конкретизировать формулировку и методы решения научных и прикладных задач.

Introduction. The scientific, technical and technological developments along with the dra-matic changes in the state-building conditions indicate the growing opportunities for closer in-teraction between the military and civilian sectors of the economy, which can help improve the efficiency of each. Therefore, military-civil integration is a key priority in the activities of de-fense industry enterprises and ensures the organizational and economic diffusion of the military and civilian sectors of the economy. This leads to a change in the requirements for the organiza-tion of processes of manufacturing high-tech civilian and dual-use items at the defense industry enterprises thus providing the reinforcement of the military-industrial base of the Russian Fed-eration through organizational and economic interpenetration of the military and civilian sec-tors of the economy. The purpose of the study is to carry out an analysis of the conceptual appa-ratus used in the scientific literature and other materials characterizing the content of military-civil integration. Data and methods. The methodological basis includes the conventional meth-ods of engineering-economic analysis, logical analysis, systematization and ranking. Results. An author’s definition of the term “military-civil integration” was proposed, as well as the introduc-tion of the terms “direct military-civil integration” and “reverse military-civil integration”. Conclusion. The study of definitions in the field of integration, the integration of the content of integration processes, the analysis of the main trends in military-civil integration in foreign and domestic practice in the context of business development in the current economic situation will make it possible to define the subject area of research more clearly and specify the formulation and methods of solving scientific and applied problems. This reflects the manufacturer’s attitude towards the goods being produced and suggests that the ultimate goal is not only to generate additional profit but also to ensure sustainable economic development of enterprises of the mili-tary-industrial complex, increase defense capability, and maintain the social stability of the state.
Improved Solubility Predictions in scCO2 Using Thermodynamics-Informed Machine Learning Models
Authors: Makarov Dmitriy , Kalikin Nikolai , Budkov Yury , Gurikov Pavel , Kruchinin Sergey , Jouyban Abolghasem , Kiselev Michael
Published: February 2025

Accurate solubility prediction in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is crucial for optimizing experimental design by eliminating unnecessary and costly trials at an early stage, thereby streamlining the workflow. A comprehensive solubility database containing 31975 records has been compiled, providing a foundation for developing predictive models applicable to a diverse class of chemical compounds, with a particular focus on drug-like substances. In this study, we propose a Domain-Aware Machine Learning approach that incorporates thermodynamic properties governing phase transitions to solubility predictions in scCO2. Predictive models were developed using the CatBoost algorithm and a graph-based architecture employing directed message passing to identify the most effective approach. Furthermore, auxiliary properties of the solute, including melting point, critical parameters, enthalpy of vaporization, and Gibbs free energy of solvation, were predicted as part of this work. The findings underscore the efficacy of incorporating domain-specific thermodynamic features to enhance the predictive accuracy of scCO2 solubility modeling. The interpretation and the applicability domain assessment have confirmed the qualitative selection of the employed descriptors, demonstrating their ability to generalize to unique compounds that fall outside the defined domain.
eMap 2.0: A web-based platform for identifying electron transfer pathways in proteins and protein families
Authors: Gayvert James , Kranc Alyssa , Tazhigulov Ruslan , Bravaya Ksenia
Published: February 2025

eMap is a web based application for predicting electron/hole transfer pathways in proteins based on their crystal structures. The predictions are based on the Pathways model, where each hop between electron transfer active (ETA) moiety is described through a tunneling inspired penalty function. This is eloquently rendered in the framework of graph theory, where each ETA moietie is represented by a node, and the edge lengths are related to the penalty function. eMap 2.0 takes this one step further by constructing graphs for multiple proteins, and then finds common subgraphs using frequent subgraph mining (FSM), specifically gSpan. Lastly, eMap 2.0 utilizes sequence and structural similarity measures to analyze the frequent subgraph mining results. Here, we show how this powerful method has been successfully utilized to rapidly provide insight regarding conserved pathways within protein families, to identify structures with mutations within protein families, and to differentiate between active and inactive structures.
Metal-Free Catalytic Cross-Coupling of Esters and Boranes
Authors: Morin Gabriella , McCabe Christina , Turnbull Douglas , Pham-Tran Victoria , Légaré Marc-André
Published: February 2025

Over the last 50 years, palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling has become ubiquitous in chemical synthesis from laboratory to commercial scale. Due to the great importance of these reactions, extensive research efforts have been devoted to improving the sustainability, cost, and diversity of the catalysts and coupling partners. Herein, we report the rational design and experimental validation of a metal-free catalyst for cross-coupling of formate esters with organoboranes, forming aldehydes under mild, additive-free conditions. The novel mechanism establishes a model for direct C(acyl)–C(sp2) bond formation, a motif previously inaccessible via metal-free or radical-free cross-coupling pathways. Overall, this boron/nitrogen-based system is found to even outperform the efficacy of state-of-the-art nickel catalysts for ester cross-coupling, demonstrating the utility of main-group catalysts in efficiently activating challenging bonds.
Co-assembly or self-sorting in supramolecular hydrogels? Nano-IR sheds light on tripeptide assemblies
Authors: Alletto Paola , Garcia Ana M. , Piccirilli Federica , Marchesan Silvia
Published: February 2025

Supramolecular hydrogels composed of self-assembling short peptides are gaining momentum for enzyme mimicry. In particular, multicomponent systems that feature similar peptides with a self-assembling motif (e.g., Phe-Phe) and catalytic residues (e.g., His, Asp) offer a convenient approach to organize in space functional residues that typically occur at enzymatic active sites. However, characterisation of these systems, and especially understanding whether the different peptides co-assemble or self-sort, is not trivial. In this work, we study two-component hydrogels composed of similar tripeptides and describe how nano-IR can reveal important details of their packing, thus demonstrating to be a useful technique to characterise multicomponent, nanostructured gels.
Red emissive 1D Copper(I) Thiolates vs. green emissive 2D Copper(I) Halide Thiolates displaying second harmonic generation and two-photon absorption processes
Authors: Hawila Saly , Xu Buqin , Massuyeau Florian , Gautier Romain , Guillou Nathalie , Fateeva Alexandra , Lebegue Sébastien , Oh Inhwan , Kim Won June , Ledoux Gilles , Monge Miguel , Mesbah Adel , Demessence Aude
Published: February 2025

Copper(I), as a d10 metal, is a promising affordable non-critical raw material finding great interest for the development of photoluminescent materials. Halide and thiolate-based copper(I) compounds are known for their efficient emission and good stability. In order to rationalize the effect of these two anions in the structure and photoemission of Cu(I) compounds, two new families of coordination polymers have been synthesized: the copper(I)-thiolates: [Cu(p-SPhX)]n (X = F, Cl, Br), and the copper halide thiolates : [Cu3Cl(p-SPhX)2]n (X = F, Cl, Br). The two families display different structural dimensionalities: 1D [Cu(p-SPhX)]n vs. 2D [Cu3Cl(p-SPhX)2]n and they exhibit distinct photophysical properties: [Cu(p-SPhX)]n show usual solid-state red emission, while [Cu3Cl(p-SPhX)2]n have intense solid-state green anti-Stokes emission, associated, for the non-centrosymmetric compounds, X = F and Br, to non-linear optical response (NLO), pointing out the effect of the weak halogen interactions of the thiolate ligands on the symmetry and the properties.
The Potential Cyber and Network Security Issues of PSTN Closure
Authors: Valdar Andy
Published: February 2025

Up until a few years ago, all phone calls over land lines, mobile networks, cable TV networks and many altnets used circuit-switching technology. This has been the case despite the massive build-up of packet-based data networks - and the dominance of Wi-Fi, broadband, and the Internet in people's lives over the last 20 years or so. Now all these network operators are engaged in shifting telephone service onto their packet-based data infrastructures and withdrawing the obsolescent circuit switched technology. This article considers why this change is happening, how calls will be handled in the future and the big challenges faced by landline operators in this transition, with special emphasize on the potential cyber and network security issues involved.
THE NEW KID ON THE BLOCK TAKES US TO THE FIFTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Authors: Schutte Flip , Swart Emetia
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Conscious leadership is an emerging field in leadership theory that focuses on the integration of spiritual, emotional, and physical intelligence, as well as sustainability and ecological concerns. This article presents a literature review aiming to establish a solid foundation for understanding conscious leadership and to contribute to theory development in this area. The research question asked was if a conscious leadership style will be able to lead organisations in the Fifth Industrial Revolution.
 
Theoretical Frameworks: The study examines the current debates among scholars regarding the concept of conscious leadership and explores its possible roots in Heidegger's philosophical understanding of Dasein and Viktor Frankl's logotherapy. Additionally, the role of Ubuntu in the African context is investigated.
 
Methodology: The methodology employed for the literature review is the integrative approach, which involves synthesising research findings on a meta-level to advance knowledge and theory development. This approach is suitable when research questions require a creative collection of data.
 
Results: The findings of this article contribute to the conceptualisation of conscious leadership theory and provide insights into the principles and characteristics of conscious leaders.
 
Research Implications: The results of this research can be used to enhance leadership studies and to enrich current leadership frameworks and theories.
 
Value: The originality of this article lies in its combination of the Ubuntu philosophy with the philosophies of people such as Heidegger and Victor Frankl. This has never before been done. This is also a first attempt to provide a philosophical foundation for conscious leadership, which is a relatively new addition to the bouquet of leadership styles.
O IMPACTO DO EMPODERAMENTO NA MOTIVAÇÃO E PRODUTIVIDADE DOS COLABORADORES: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Morais Catarina Pereira , Ferreira Maria Elisete Martins
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: O presente Artigo teve como objetivo abordar a temática do Empoderamento nas organizações e de que forma este tem impacto na Motivação e Produtividade dos colaboradores.
 
Referencial Teórico: Neste tópico, são apresentados os principais conceitos e teorias que fundamentam a pesquisa. Destacam-se o empoderamento, a liderança, o poder, a motivação e a produtividade, fornecendo uma base sólida para a compreensão do contexto da investigação.
 
Método: Foram analisados vários estudos publicados sobre o tema entre o ano de 2001 e 2018, tendo em conta palavras-chave como Empoderamento, Motivação, Produtividade e Gestão das Organizações em português e inglês. Foi realizada uma comparação entre uma empresa que pratica o Empoderamento, nomeadamente a Haier, e empresas que não praticam o Empoderamento, mais especificamente a Ford, a Chrysler, a General Motors e a CAMI.
 
Resultados e Discussão: O estilo de liderança da empresa Haier proporciona aos seus colaboradores liberdade para agirem como se fossem os seus próprios CEO’S, incentivando-os a serem proativos e autónomos e tendo em consideração a sua opinião.
 
Implicações da Pesquisa: Este estudo contribui para que os gestores compreendam a importância do empowerment e o coloquem em prática, auxiliando-os e guiando-os para a sua implementação.
 
Originalidade/Valor: Este estudo contribui para a literatura pela sua abordagem inovadora, no sentido em que analisou empresas que praticam o empowerment e empresas que não o praticam, evidenciando as vantagens que este possui para o sucesso das organizações.
Clinical Study on the Application of Non-Catheter Tampon in Abdominal Hysterectomy
Authors: Guo Fei , Jing Hu , Han Xiaobing , Zhang Linjuan
Published: February 2025

Objective: To analyze the application value of a non-catheter tampon in abdominal hysterectomy, providing a reference for related research. Methods: A total of 100 patients were included in this study, with data collected between January 4, 2022, and January 4, 2024. The patients were divided into two groups: the new group and the traditional group, each comprising 50 patients. Results: Compared with the traditional group, the new group demonstrated significantly lower intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.05). Additionally, the incidence of complications, operation time, hospital stay, time required to resume normal activities, and postoperative VAS scores were all significantly lower in the new group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of a non-catheter tampon during abdominal hysterectomy yields satisfactory results. This approach is worthy of further clinical promotion and application.
A study on Nanocomposite under visible light for photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants
Authors: Suman Sandeep Kumar , Singh Naval
Published: February 2025

Nanocomposites have a huge amount of promise to help solve environmental problems, especially when it comes to breaking down biological pollutants with visible light. This article talks about the latest progress made in making and using hybrid materials for photocatalysis. Different kinds of nanocomposites, how they are made, and how well they break down organic toxins are all talked about. It is also looked at how important factors like shape, makeup, and surface features affect the photocatalytic activity of nanocomposites. There are also problems and opportunities for the future in the field, which emphasises how important it is to keep researching to improve nanocomposite-based photocatalytic systems for long-term environmental cleanup.
A Study of the Employee Performance in Selected Banks and their Organizational Development
Authors: Pallavi Singh Pallavi Singh , Dr. Hemant Kumar Singh Dr. Hemant Kumar Singh
Published: February 2025

Banking is now referred to as innovative banking. in the banking and financial sectors,information technology have brought forth significant advances in product design and delivery. Their mainfocus is on providing excellent customer service and happiness. With the support of modern technology,the banking industry has launched a number of projects aimed at improving customer service. The primarygoal of this study is to investigate the influence of training on employee performance in the bankingbusiness, with the major focus on the meaning of a bank, the history of world banking, the types ofbanks, employee performance, and innovation in the banking industry
ADVANCING AI-DRIVEN TISSUE ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTS THROUGH FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN REAL-TIME ADAPTATION, MULTI-MODAL INTEGRATION, AND PERSONALIZED SCAFFOLD DESIGN.
Authors: Shaik Nazeer , Shaik Ajman
Published: February 2025

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in tissue engineering has emerged as a transformative approach to designing scaffolds that enhance tissue regeneration and integration. This paper presents the Adaptive Multi-Modal AI for Personalized Scaffold Design (AMAPS). This novel framework addresses the limitations of existing AI models in tissue engineering by incorporating real-time adaptation, multi-modal data integration, and personalized scaffold design. The AMAPS framework employs advanced algorithms to analyze diverse biological data, allowing for the dynamic adjustment of scaffold properties in response to the evolving needs of regenerating tissue. Through a comprehensive review of recent literature, we highlight the current state of AI-driven tissue engineering and the challenges faced by traditional models, including their inability to provide personalized solutions and their reliance on static datasets. By contrasting AMAPS with existing methodologies, we demonstrate significant improvements in prediction accuracy, scaffold integration rates, and patient satisfaction. Our findings suggest that AMAPS enhances scaffold performance and fosters a more patient-centric approach to regenerative medicine. This research paves the way for future developments in AI-driven tissue engineering, potentially revolutionizing scaffold design and improving clinical outcomes in regenerative therapies.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Price of Beijing Carbon Emission Allowance Based on the VAR Model
Authors: Li Xin
Published: February 2025

Effectively constructing a carbon emission trading Market is crucial for China to achieve its goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. However, carbon emission allowance prices are influenced by various factors. This paper employs a Vector Autoregression (VAR) model, using the average transaction price of Beijing Carbon Emission Allowances (BEA) as the research subject. It analyzes related indicators from four aspects: energy prices, macroeconomic conditions, environmental factors, and public sentiment. The results show that among energy price factors, coal and oil prices have a positive impact on BEA prices, while natural gas has a negative impact. Macroeconomic factors initially have a negative impact, followed by fluctuating recovery. Environmental factors, such as the Air Quality Index (AQI) and maximum temperature, initially have a positive impact on BEA prices, followed by fluctuating recovery, while the minimum temperature has the opposite effect. Public sentiment has a significant negative impact on BEA price fluctuations. The empirical results of this study can help investors better understand the changes in the prices of carbon emission allowance, provide references for policymakers, and offer foundations for constructing a national carbon emission trading market that reflects comprehensive and accurate information.
Privacy preserving AI models for decentralized data management in federated information systems
Authors: Adeyinka Ogunbajo  , Itunu Taiwo  , Adefemi Quddus Abidola  , Oluwadamilola Fisayo Adediran  , Israel Agbo-Adediran
Published: February 2025

Federated information systems represent a transformative approach to decentralized data management and privacy-preserving artificial intelligence. This review critically examines the architectural innovations, technological challenges, and emerging paradigms in federated learning and distributed computing environments. By enabling collaborative model training across disparate data sources without direct data sharing, these systems address critical privacy concerns while maintaining computational efficiency. The research synthesizes current implementation strategies across domains such as healthcare, financial services, and edge computing, highlighting the potential of decentralized machine learning architectures.
Comparative assessments reveal significant advancements in maintaining data confidentiality while extracting meaningful insights. Persistent challenges include communication overhead, model aggregation complexities, and heterogeneous data distribution problems. The investigation explores advanced cryptographic techniques, secure multi-party computation mechanisms, and differential privacy approaches that underpin federated AI models. Emerging research directions emphasize developing robust standardization protocols, enhancing cryptographic safeguards, and creating adaptive federated learning algorithms capable of dynamically responding to evolving privacy and computational requirements.
НЕРАВНОВЕСНЫЙ ГАЗ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
Authors:   РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева, ШЛЁНСКИЙ О.Ф. , АНТОНОВ С.И. ,   РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева
Published: February 2025

Заложены основы теории неравновесных состояний газа и жид­кости, возникающих при быстром нагружении, и ее приложения в газодинамике.
Для научных работников и инженеров, специализирующихся в акус­тике и аэродинамике.
DESTINATION SUSTAINABILITY OF IJEN GEOPARK AS PERCEIVED BY TOURISTS: HOW FAR ITS IMPACT ON VISIT INTENTION?
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Faculty of Economics, Jakarta, Indonesia, SUHUD Usep , ALLAN Mamoon ,   University of Jordan, Faculty of Archaeology and Tourism, Amman, Jordan, HOO Wong Chee ,   INTI International University, Faculty of Business and Communications, Nilai, Malaysia
Published: February 2025

Collectively, geotourism has grown intensively in the last decades. Therefore, this study was done to determine
the potential factors affecting the intention of tourists to visit Ijen Geopark, located in East Java, Indonesia, hence
contributing to the broader discourse on geopark tourism, sustainable tourism, destination marketing, and consumer
behaviour. In this research, a total of 424 tourists were surveyed, including both those who have visited the geopark and those
who have not. The findings indicate a significant relationship between key variables found using exploratory factor analysis
and structural equation modelling. Overall, destination sustainability directly affects both the tourist's visit intention and
destination image and credibility, whereas destination credibility itself influences destination image and the tourists'
environmental motivation. In addition, environmental motivation was seen as a relevant driver that had a positive impact on
both destination image and visit intention. The results also confirmed that destination image would play a critical role in
shaping tourists' visit intentions. The current findings bring to light the relevance of sustainability and credibility in driving
attractiveness in both geoparks and other nature-based tourism destinations. This study provides valuable insights for tourism
managers to promote sustainability and manage credibility, ultimately resulting in positive effects on tourist behaviour, such
as higher environmental motivations. The direct contribution of this research is indeed to the United Nations SDGs, through
encouraging sustainable tourism supportive of natural heritage conservation-SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.
It also aligns with SDG 13: Climate Action, in which the emphasis on environmental motivation reflects the necessary ecoconscious tourism. Finally, represented by SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth is the potential of sustainable tourism to
contribute to local economies. This study in its entirety demonstrates how the intersection of sustainability to destination
management and tourist behaviour can further responsible tourism in line with global sustainability goals.
Signal transmission using bipolar amplitude and frequency modulation of carrier oscillation
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, 190000, St. Petersburg, Bolshaya Morskaya st., 67, Ziatdinov S.I. , Krasilnikova O.I. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, 190000, St. Petersburg, Bolshaya Morskaya st., 67
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The article considers the transmission of signals over a communication channel using bipolar amplitude and frequency modulation of the carrier harmonic oscillation. To organize an information channel, the positive half-waves of the carrier oscillation are modulated by one of the transmitted signals in amplitude or frequency, and the negative half-waves are modulated in amplitude or frequency by another signal. Goal. To demonstrate the possibility of transmitting two signals via a communication channel using bipolar amplitude and frequency modulation of the carrier oscillation with a limited bandwidth of the communication channel. Problem statement. Provide a mathematical description of the carrier oscillation with bipolar amplitude and frequency modulation. Determine the requirements for the frequency characteristics of the communication channel. Method. The research is based on the spectral representation of signals in the communication channel with bipolar amplitude and frequency modulation. Results. Analytical relationships are obtained for describing the carrier harmonic oscillation with bipolar amplitude and frequency modulation taking into account the limited bandwidth of the communication channel. The influence of the bandwidth of the communication channel on the quality of signal transmission is determined. Conclusion. The research has shown the possibility of transmitting two signals using one carrier oscillation via a communication channel with a limited bandwidth. In the case of using amplitude modulation of half-waves of the carrier oscillation by signals, the bandwidth of the communication channel must be no less than twice the greater modulation frequency of the transmitted signals. With frequency modulation, transmission of two independent signals is possible only with angular modulation indices much less than one.
Frecuencia de hernias epigástricas ocultas en herniorrafias umbilicales: Experiencia de un centro de cirugía ambulatoria en Medellín
Authors: Villamizar-Blanco Óscar Gabriel , Zapata-Uribe Felipe , Jaramillo-Guzmán María Camila , Madrigal-Montoya Alejandro , Cardona-López Mariana , Garcés-Otero Juan Sebastián , Villegas-Arbeláez Esteban
Published: February 2025

Introducción. Dentro de las hernias ventrales, las umbilicales tienen una incidencia del 6-14 %, mientras que las epigástricas del 1,6-3,6 %. Definir una relación entre ambas durante el transoperatorio es fundamental para evitar recidivas o reintervenciones a futuro.
Métodos. Estudio de corte transversal de pacientes llevados a herniorrafia umbilical en la institución Neuromédica, en Medellín, Colombia, entre abril de 2021 y diciembre de 2023, para determinar la prevalencia de hernia umbilical, epigástrica y de ambas en el intraoperatorio. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas e intraoperatorias. Se estimaron la mediana para variables cuantitativas y el porcentaje para variables cualitativas.
Resultados. Se incluyeron 691 pacientes llevados a herniorrafia umbilical, con edad media de 43 años y 440 de ellos eran hombres (63,6 %). La clasificación ASA más frecuente fue la II (68 %). En cirugía se encontraron 615 (89 %) pacientes con hernia umbilical, 32 (4,6 %) con hernia epigástrica y 44 (6,4 %) con ambos tipos de hernia; 80 (11,6 %) cirugías fueron por recidivas. Basados en el tamaño del defecto, al 95,8 % de los pacientes se les realizó cierre primario del defecto y solo en el 4,2 % se utilizó malla.
Conclusiones. La frecuencia de hernia epigástrica oculta que se identifica durante la herniorrafia umbilical es igual o superior a la frecuencia de hernia epigástrica primaria, por lo que se requiere una búsqueda activa de esta durante el intraoperatorio.
Analisis Kesalahan Bacaan Surah Al-Qori’ah Siswi Kelas X SMAN 1 Lawang Malang (Perspektif Fonetik Bahasa Arab)
Authors: Thasya Tiasa , Choridah Rifka Arifatul , Fauzi Ahmad , Alfani Achwan , Rosyidi Abdul Wahab
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine phonetic errors in reading the Al-Quran Surah Al-Qari’ah in grade 10 students of SMAN 1 Lawang. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with the help of short YouTube videos uploaded by these students. The results of this study are phonetic errors that occur due to the inability of students to distinguish 2 sounds that have almost the same sound, some sounds are difficult to pronounce because they are not found in the Indonesian alphabet, and the inaccuracy of the reader in pronouncing the makharijul letters. Therefore, students should make habituation in learning about how to pronounce the hijaiyah letters makharijul which are not found in the Indonesian alphabet, pay attention to the articulation of words when pronouncing a letter, and practice so they can distinguish 2 sounds that are almost the same.
Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Wordwall dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Arab Siswa Kelas VIIIA di MTs Negeri 1 Plus Riset Manado
Authors: Setyorini Dwichandra , Mubarak Muh. Husni , Satriani Satriani , Zainal Nur Fitriani
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan Media Pembelajaran Wordwall dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Arab Pada Siswa Kelas VIII A di MTsN 1 Plus Riset Manado. Penelitian ini menerapkan Jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII A yang berjumlah 32 peserta didik. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan Observasi, tes/lembaran soal, dan Angket. Metode penelitian adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan desain Kemmis dan MC. Taggart. Teknik analisis adalah Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa hasil belajar pra-siklus diperoleh rata-rata 40,93 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 3,12%, Siklus I diperoleh rata-rata 66,25 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 40,62%, dan siklus II diperoleh rata-rata 85,31 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 87,50%. Berdasarkan data hasil belajar, terbukti dengan menerapkan Media Pembelajaran Wordwall hasil belajar Bahasa Arab Siswa Kelas VIII A di MTsN 1 Plus Riset Manado mengalami peningkatan. Serta menunjukkan efektivitas dan efisiensi pelaksanaan pembelajaran.
Kamus Arab-Indonesia: Sumber Belajar Penunjang pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Kelas X DI MA Al-I’anah Playen Gunungkidul
Authors: Nuha Ulin -
Published: February 2025

Bahasa adalah kunci dari semua hal. Salah satu bahasa internasional terpenting adalah Bahasa Arab yang kemudian dipilih untuk dipelajari disemua sekolah yang ada di bawah Kemenag. Kemenag sendiri telah menyusun kurikulum dan buku ajar paket guna berjalannya pembelajaran Bahasa Arab yang ada di sekolahnya. Buku sebagai sumber ajar adalah sesuatu yang sangat penting dalam pembelajaran. Semua sekolah memakai buku ajar yang diterbitkan oleh Kemenag termasuk MA Al-I’anah Playen, Gunungkidul. Akan tetapi ada yang berbeda dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di MA Al-I’anah, selain menggunakan buku ajar paket terbitan kemanag sebagai sumber ajar inti, MA Al-I’anah juga memakai Kamus Arab Indonesia sebagai sumber ajar penunjang pembelajaran Bahasa Arabnya. Melalui penelitian kualitatif deskriptif ini tergambarkan bahwasanya keberadaan Kamus Arab-Indonesia ini ternyata memberikan dampak yang sangat signifikan terhadap berlangsungnya pembelajaran Bahasa Arab. Dengan adanya kamus tersebut pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di sana menjadi sangat efektif, efisien, dan menyenangkan.
Model Cooperative Learning Tipe Jigsaw dalam Pembelajaran Nahwu: Sebuah Tinjauan atas Temuan-temuan Terbaru (2019-2024)
Authors: Khurrosyidah Aidah Mifta , Ponny Mufti Rizky , Oktavera Hasnil , Jamal Misbahuddin
Published: February 2025

Pembelajaran secara kooperatif mutlak dilakukan pada pembelajaran bahasa Arab pada abad 21. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji literatur yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran nahwu menggunakan model CL dengan meninjau temuan penelitian terkait pada lima tahun terakhir (2019-2024) dengan menggunakan metode systematic literature review (SLR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 21 artikel yang telah diterbitkan dalam 5 tahun terakhir ditemukan lima aspek pada model CL tipe jigsaw dalam pembelajaran nahwu yaitu (1) Peningkatan Penguasaan Nahwu, (2) Partisipasi Aktif Siswa, (3) Peningkatan Hasil Belajar, (4) Pengembangan Keterampilan Sosial dan Kerjasama, dan (5) Peningkatan Keterlibatan dan Interaksi Siswa. Aspek peningkatan pemahaman nahwu dengan metode eksperimen lebih dominan digunakan. Pembelajaran Nahwu model CL tipe jigsaw dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa menjadi perhatian bagi para peneliti selanjutnya.
Ta'tsir Thoriqah al-Muthaabaqah fi Ta'lim al-Qawaid as-Sharfiyah ala Ihtimam Thalabah Ma'had al-Jami'ah
Authors: Utami Alda Mila , Basyori Ahmad
Published: February 2025

This research seeks to analyze how the 'Make a Match' technique influences students' levels of interest. The sample included 16 students from the fourth semester, chosen via purposive sampling. The tool for research was a questionnaire measuring learning interest, which was validated and tested for reliability, consisting of 20 items that reflect the indicators of learning interest. The results of the data analysis indicated that there was an increase in learning interest following the implementation of the 'Make a Match' approach. Hypothesis testing indicated a significance value below 0.001, demonstrating a substantial impact of the 'Make a Match' approach on students' interest, resulting in an 18% increase. Consequently, the 'Make a Match' approach proves to be very effective in boosting learning interest during morphology instruction.
Resiprokal Konstruk Bahasa dan Budaya Arab di Nusantara: Sebuah Kajian Metodologi
Authors: Habibi Nicolas , Malik Khairil
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pengaruh akulturasi budaya Arab dengan budaya di Nusantara yang sudah terjadi sekitar abad ke12 dan abad ke13 M terhadap perkembangan bahasa dan budayanya. Kontak budaya menyebabkan terjadinya penyerapan kosa kata Arab. Kosa kata serapan berpengaruh terhadap konstruksi kebudayaan di Nusantara. Dalam makalah ini, Penulis akan melihat dalam perspektip metodolgi, yaitu metodologi deskriptif, yang digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh dari kata serapan dalam mengkonstruksi budaya di Nusantara. Pendekatan sinkron dan diakronik, pendekatan fenomenologi dan etnografi, dan pendekatan hermeneutika Paul Recouer digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mendukung metode deskriptif dalam menemukan realitas pengaruh kata serapan dari bahasa Arab terhadap konstruksi budaya di Nusantara.
Negative Association between Vitamin E Intake and Remnant Cholesterol: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2020
Authors: Cao Jing , Su Yingjie , Xiao Yijia , Zhao Sue , Yang Hongzhong
Published: February 2025

Background: Remnant cholesterol (RC) is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. Vitamin E has antioxidant properties, making it a potentially effective management tool for preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship between vitamin E intake and RC remains unclear. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Survey 2007–2020. 11,585 participants (aged ≥20, 48% male) were included. Information on vitamin E intake (dietary vitamin E intake and total vitamin E intake) was collected. RC was defined as serum total cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Survey-weighted linear regression models and a restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to test the relationship between vitamin E intake and RC. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were also performed to verify the robustness of the results. Results: After adjusting for all potential confounders (demographics, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, diet, and comorbidities), dietary vitamin E intake was negatively associated with RC (β = –0.21, 95% CI: (–0.29, –0.12), p < 0.0001), and this negative association was also present between total vitamin E intake and RC (β = –0.12, 95% CI: (–0.18, –0.06), p < 0.0001). The RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear negative association between vitamin E intake and RC. The negative correlation existed in different subgroups, with no interaction except for the “use of vitamin E supplements” subgroup. Conclusion: Vitamin E intake showed a protective association with RC. The results suggest that increasing dietary vitamin E intake may help reduce RC levels and CVD risk.
Uncertainty Quantification in Steady-State Heat Transfer: A Comprehensive Analysis of DRAM and MCMC Methods with Applications to Thermal Systems
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27606, NC, United States, Abid Muhammad , Akhtar Tayyaba ,   Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Bhatt Harshit ,   Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27606, NC, United States
Published: February 2025

This research addresses the limitations of traditional deterministic methods in capturing uncertainties in heat transfer systems, particularly in parameter estimation and uncertainty quantification. We aim to evaluate and compare Delayed Rejection Adaptive Metropolis (DRAM) and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods for uncertainty quantification in steady-state heat transfer, using experimental data from a copper rod with 15 temperature measurements. The study estimates heat flux and convective heat transfer coefficient parameters, comparing results with Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation. Results show DRAM produces tighter parameter distributions (0.2312) compared to MCMC (0.2641), while both methods yield similar mean estimates and demonstrate strong negative correlation between parameters. A comparison with OLS shows close agreement across all three methods, concluding that DRAM provides slightly superior performance in parameter estimation accuracy while all methods effectively capture parameter uncertainties in steady-state heat transfer analysis.
Ethics and Social Implications of Large Models
Authors: Song Xinyuan , Chen Silin , Wang Tianyang , Jing Bowen , Yang Junjie , Song Junhao , Chen Keyu , Li Ming , Niu Qian , Liu Junyu , Peng Benji , Zhang Sen , Liu Ming , Xu Jiawei , Pan Xuanhe , Wang Jinlang , Feng Pohsun , Wen Yizhu , Yan Lawrence K.Q. , Tseng Hong-ming , Ren Jintao , HSIEH WEI-CHE , Zhang Yichao , Bi Ziqian , Jiang Chuanqi , Zhang Li , Zhong Yan
Published: February 2025

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a cornerstone of modern artificial intelligence (AI), finding applications across various domains such as healthcare, finance, entertainment, and customer service. To understand their ethical and social implications, it is essential to first grasp what these models are, how they function, and why they carry significant impact. This introduction aims to provide a comprehensive and beginner-friendly overview of LLMs, introducing their basic structure, training process, and the types of tasks they are commonly employed for. We will also include simple analogies and examples to ease understanding.
Reusability of the Potassium Iodide Solution for O3 Determination Without Degradation
Authors: Sancak Mirkan Emir , Keriş-Şen Ülker Diler
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the reusability of potassium iodide (KI) solution for ozone (O3) concentration measurement. The experiments demonstrated that the same KI solution could be reused for up to 34 cycles without significant changes in O3 concentration results. Two different ozone dosages were tested over 17 cycles of 60 minutes each, showing consistent O3 measurements. The findings indicate that KI can be used for extended periods without affecting the results, contributing to reducing environmental impact by reusing chemical reagents in multiple experiments.
The motivational drives of sickness: Acute changes in self-rated motivation during experimental endotoxemia using the the Motivation Scale of Sickness (MOSSick)
Authors: Skarp Rasmus , Hansson Lina , Sundelin Tina , Paues Sofie , Janson Martin , Balter Leonie JT , Olsson Mats J. , Axelsson John , Lekander Mats , Lasselin Julie
Published: February 2025

While altered motivation is central in sickness behaviour, previous research has mainly focused on motivation for rewards, rather than motivational changes in a broader perspective. In a larger study following a randomized within-subject placebo-controlled crossover design, we investigated the effects of systemic inflammatory activation on self-rated motivation in 21 healthy participants, using an intravenous injection of 2.0 ng/kg body weight lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared to an intravenous injection of saline (placebo). Self-rated motivation was measured before, 3 hours, and 7.5 hours post-injection using the Motivation Scale of Sickness (MOSSick), a 26-item scale covering categories: ‘hunger and thirst’, ‘food preferences’, ‘physical activities’, ‘rest and sleep’, ‘social activities’, ‘care seeking’, and ‘utilization of resources’ (i.e., willingness to ‘pay’ and ‘walk’ to be able to rest or to be healthy at once). At the peak of the sickness response (3 hours post-LPS injection), there was an increased motivation to seek care, rest, and sleep, as compared to placebo, while motivation to partake in physical and social activities decreased. Several of these effects remained at 7.5 hours post-injection. When in the LPS condition, participants were also willing to pay more money to rest and to be healthy compared to when in the placebo condition. Hunger increased over time in both conditions, but less after LPS administration. During the peak of the sickness response, higher sickness ratings were weakly associated with lower motivation for ‘social activities’ and higher motivation for ‘rest and sleep’. No associations were found between MOSSick categories and sickness ratings or other sickness measures, i.e. concentrations of cytokines and tympanic temperature. These findings illustrate that motivational changes during acute sickness are not restricted to a general decrease in motivation. Instead, sick individuals are more motivated to take part in behaviors that enable energy preservation, care, and recovery, compared to when healthy. The MOSSick can be used in future studies to obtain an ecologically relevant and comprehensive description of subjective motivational drives in sick individuals.
Predicting Emotions Across Schizotypy Levels
Authors: Barrick Elyssa M , Tamir Diana , Lincoln Sarah Hope
Published: February 2025

Successfully navigating the social world requires making accurate predictions about others. Individual differences in emotion prediction–the ability to predict someone’s subsequent emotion given their current emotional state–can lead to variability in social success. Across three studies (N = 1,024) we found evidence that individuals with heightened schizotypy displayed worse emotion prediction accuracy. This difficulty with emotion prediction was associated with increased loneliness, diminished social support, and smaller social networks, partially mediating some of the social difficulties in individuals with heightened schizotypy. Individuals with heightened schizotypy showed disruptions to key sources of affective information, meaning they had less reliable information about how emotions work when making emotion predictions. Specifically, their own emotion experiences were less typical, and their perception of others’ emotions was less accurate. These findings highlight emotion prediction as a key social cognitive construct that should be considered in future research for individuals across the schizophrenia spectrum.
Brain Waves and White Matter: New Perspectives on 50 Years of Toy Models
Authors: Nunez Paul L
Published: February 2025

Electric potentials (EEG) were first recorded on the human scalp in 1924 and have since become a key window into brain activity. However, no consensus has emerged regarding their origins. Over the past 50 years, EEG has been modeled using two distinct mathematical approaches: local network models, which focus on cell membrane properties such as synaptic rise and decay times [E4,E5], and global models, which emphasize axon propagation delays in white matter [E6,Z9].Global models predict longitudinal waves of synaptic activity, akin to sound waves in an opera house. These large-scale brain waves are recorded as electric potentials or electric fields on the scalp or cortex, though they should not be confused with the (transverse) electromagnetic fields governed by Maxwell’s equations.The foundational global model is classified into “Toy Model Levels” (1–11) based on its physiological accuracy and ability to replicate EEG dynamics. These models predict the dynamics of EEG frequency bands—delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma—which occur in certain brain states, selectively modulated by neocortical excitability. Key topics include EEG dynamics, dispersion relations, white matter properties, resonance phenomena, wave packets, and complex systems theory