bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic Medialization Partial Repair with Biologic Interpositioing Tuberoplasty for Large to Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tear
Authors: Jung Jaewook , Seo Joongbae , Lee Junyeul , Yoo Jaesung
Published: February 2024

An irreparable rotator cuff tear is a challenging condition to treat, and various treatment modalities are being introduced. Medialization in the partial repair method has the limitation of exposing the tuberosity, while tension-free biologic interpositioning tuberoplasty using acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has the limitation of exposing the humeral head. The authors believe that by combining these two techniques, it is possible to complement each other's limitations. Therefore, they propose a surgical method that combines medialization and biologic interpositioning tuberoplasty for addressing these constraints.
Mycobacterium paratuberculosis: A HERV Turn-On for Autoimmunity, Neurodegeneration, and Cancer?
Authors: Dow Coad Thomas , Pierce Ellen S. , Sechi Leonardo A.
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are remnants of ancient retroviral infections that, over millions of years, became integrated into the human genome. While normally inactive, environmental stimuli such as infections have contributed to the transcriptional reactivation of HERV promoting pathological conditions including the devel-opment of autoimmunity, neurodegenerative disease and cancer. What infections then trigger HERV activation? Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a pluripotent driver of human disease. Aside from granu-lomatous diseases Crohn’s, sarcoidosis and Blau syndrome, MAP is associated with autoimmune disease: type one diabetes (T1D), multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune thyroiditis. MAP is also associated with Parkinson’s disease. Autoimmune diabetes, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis are the diseases with the strongest MAP/HERV association. There are several other diseases associated with HERV activation including diseases whose epidemiology and/or pathology would prompt speculation for a causal role of MAP. These include non-solar uveal melanoma, colon cancer, glioblastoma and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This article further points to MAP infection as a contributor to autoimmunity, neurodegenerative disease and cancer via unsilencing of HERV. We examine the link between the ever-increasing number of MAP- associated diseases, the MAP/HERV intersection with these diverse medical conditions and propose treatment opportunities based upon this association.
A Review of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound
Authors: Turner Benjamin , Cranston David
Published: February 2024

For 80 years high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been a significant area for medical research. It is a non-invasive procedure which causes cell death in a highly localised area at a defined distance from the transducer. Since 2000, the clinical indications have broadened considerable as the technology has improved. This review looks back at the history of HIFU and the current clinical indications.
Breaking Bad Proteins – Discovery Approaches and the Road to Clinic for Degraders
Authors: Bouvier Corentin , Lawrence Rachel , Cavallo Francesca , Xolalpa Wendy , Jordan Allan , Hjerpe Roland , Rodriguez Manuel S
Published: February 2024

Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) describe compounds that bind to and induce degradation of a target by simultaneously binding to a ubiquitin ligase. More generally referred to as bifunctional degraders, PROTACs have led the way in the field of targeted protein degradation (TPD) with several compounds currently undergoing clinical testing. Alongside bifunctional degraders, single-moiety compounds, or molecular glue degraders (MGDs), are increasingly being considered as a viable approach for development of therapeutics, driven by advances in rational discovery approaches. This review focusses on drug discovery with respect to bifunctional and molecular glue degraders within the ubiquitin proteasome system, including analysis of mechanistic concepts and discovery approaches, with an overview of current clinical and pre-clinical degrader status in oncology, neurodegenerative and inflammatory disease.
From Glimmer to Grind: Unveiling the Conflict Potential beneath South Kalimantan's Diamonds
Authors: Rochgiyanti Rochgiyanti , Arisanty Deasy , Rajiani Ismi , Hastuti Karunia Puji , Jumriani Jumriani , Muhaimin Muhammad
Published: February 2024

This study delves into the intricate social dynamics beneath South Kalimantan's traditional diamond mines, revealing a potential for conflict amidst the promise of economic uplift. Going beyond conventional economic and environmental perspectives, the research employs Galtung's Conflict Theory, examining the interplay of attitudes, behaviours, norms, values, and political influences. By adopting this nuanced approach, the study unveils hidden fault lines within these communities, providing a comprehensive understanding of how diverse factors converge to create discord. The consequences of unaddressed conflict include shattered livelihoods, environmental degradation, and fractured communities. The study employs rigorous quantitative methods to empower stakeholders in proactive conflict management, including questionnaires and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with data from 400 respondents. The findings underscore the significant roles of behaviours, attitudes, norms, and politics in fueling tension, with values demonstrating surprisingly less direct influence. This insight is a roadmap for conflict prevention and sustainable development, allowing stakeholders to tailor interventions based on specific conflict-driving factors. The study urges a shift from reactive to proactive measures, envisioning a future where prosperity continues to glimmer and communities thrive in harmony, free from conflict.
Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Exploring Neuroprotective, Metabolic, and Hepatoprotective Effects for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Authors: Direito Rosa , Barbalho Sandra Maria , Sepodes Bruno , Figueira Maria Eduardo
Published: February 2024

There is a growing trend among consumers to seek out natural foods and products with natural ingredients. This shift in consumer preferences had a direct impact on both food and pharmaceutical industries, leading to a focus of scientific research and commercial efforts to meet these new demands. The aim of this work is to review recent available scientific data on foods of interest, such as artichoke, gooseberry, and polygonoideae plants, as well as olive oil and red raspberries. Interestingly, the urgency of solutions to the climate change emergency has brought new attention to by-products of grapevine bunch stem and cane, which have been found to contain bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. There is a pressing need for a faster process of translating scientific knowledge from the laboratory to real-world applications, especially in the face of the increasing societal burden associated to non-communicable diseases (NCDs), environmental crises, the post-pandemic world, and ongoing violent conflicts around the world.
Use of bulking agents for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dobrokhotova Yu.E. , Lapina I.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tyan A.G. ,   “MEDSI Group” JSC, Moscow, Russian Federation, Chirvon T.G. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Glebov N.V. ,   “MEDSI Group” JSC, Moscow, Russian Federation, Taranov V.V. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kaykova O.V. ,   “MEDSI Group” JSC, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fakhrutdinova L.R. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

The problem of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has become particularly important in recent years. Increasing life expectancy and the desire to improve the quality of life have led to a greater emphasis on these complaints and early referral to specialist care. There are various treatment options for SUI in women that aim to prevent involuntary urination when intra-abdominal pressure increases during physical activity, coughing or sneezing. Among these options, bulking agents occupy a certain niche. Objective. To study the efficacy of bulking agent injections depending on the angle of urethral mobility and to analyze the longterm results of treatment. Patients and methods. This prospective study included 35 women with SUI who experienced failure of behavioral therapy. Patients were divided into two groups depending on urethral mobility: group 1 (n = 15) included patients with a Q-tip angle <30°, group 2 (n = 20) – patients with a Q-tip angle ≥30°. The injection of bulking agent was performed in all patients, and a viscoelastic hyaluronic acid-based filler for contour plasty was used for peri-urethral injections. Treatment results were assessed after 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Results. The most pronounced positive dynamics was observed in group 1 (with a lower Q-tip angle). Significant improvement at 3 months after injection was noted in 66.7% of patients (n = 10). In group 2 with urethral hypermobility, improvement was noted only in 45% of women (n = 9), which is 21.7% less. After 12 months, the effect in group 1 (with a Q-tip angle <30°) was 26.9% higher than in group 2, and after 24 months it was 20% higher. Conclusion. Peri-urethral injections of bulking agents are most effective at a lower angle of urethral mobility. Further research in this area is needed. Key words: stress urinary incontinence, bulking agents
Apakah Modal Manusia Penting untuk Mengangkat Jawa Timur dari Jebakan Kelas Menengah?
Authors:   epartemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya & Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Malang, Natalia Christiayu , Wahyudi Setyo Tri ,   epartemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya
Published: February 2024

Dalam mengoptimalkan bonus demografi diperlukan peningkatan kualitas modal manusia. Namun, disparitas kualitas modal manusia antarwilayah di Jawa Timur menjadi tantangan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan PDRB per kapita sebelum masa bonus demografi berakhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas modal manusia terhadap pertumbuhan PDRB per kapita pada periode 2011–2022 secara umum di Provinsi Jawa Timur, serta spesifik pada kabupaten/kota dengan kualitas modal manusia rendah. Analisis regresi data panel dinamis dengan metode First-Difference Generalized Moment Method (FD-GMM) digunakan pada penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan dari kualitas modal manusia terhadap pertumbuhan PDRB per kapita.
Deep-Learning-Based Simulation and Inversion of Transient Electromagnetic Sounding Signals in Permafrost Monitoring Problem
Authors: Nechaev O.V. , Danilovskiy K.N. , Mikhaylov I.V.
Published: February 2024

—This article presents a novel approach to addressing the challenges in permafrost monitoring through the integration of deep-learning techniques with conventional electromagnetic sounding methods. Our methodology comprises a forward finite element method (FEM) solver, augmented with the Sumudu transform, and an artificial neural network (ANN) solver trained on FEM-generated data. Remarkably, the ANN solver demonstrates similar accuracy to the FEM solver but operates at a superior speed that is nearly 10,000 times faster. Furthermore, we introduce an inverse problem solution drawing on the PARS algorithm. In addition, we present an ANN-based inverse solver, where the input and output roles are inverted. The ANN inverse solver is trained on the same data, thereby offering an alternative approach to solving the inverse problem. In a computational experiment, we compare the numerical inversion results using the PARS algorithm with those obtained from the ANN forward solver, ANN inversion, and a linear combination of these solutions. This comprehensive analysis sheds light on the effectiveness of our deep-learning-based approach in permafrost monitoring, providing insights for future applications in geophysics and environmental science.
Factores sociodemográficos asociados a la cibercondría por Covid-19 en estudiantes de Medicina Humana de dos universidades peruanas
Authors:   , Revilla Bravo Javier Gerard
Published: February 2024

Introducción: La cibercondría definida como la búsqueda compulsiva de información médica en línea conduciendo a una incorrecta interpretación de los síntomas por parte del usuario; tras lo suscitado durante la pandemia por COVID-19, ha adquirido una gran importancia. Los universitarios emergen como uno de los grupos más impactados, debido a su constante inmersión en el mundo digital, influenciado por variables tales como la juventud, vivir solos, el género femenino, entre otros. A pesar de la educación médica, los estudiantes de medicina humana padecen de múltiples síndromes, sobre todo de índole psiquiátrica, por lo que es de gran importancia e interés identificar los factores asociados a la cibercondría en estudiantes de medicina humana, con el fin de comprender mejor esta condición y aplicar medidas preventivas efectivas. Objetivos del estudio: Determinar los factores sociodemográficos asociados a cibercondría por COVID-19 en estudiantes de medicina humana de dos universidades peruanas. Metodología: Estudio analítico, observacional, transversal, que emplea una población de 350 alumnos de dos universidades peruanas, la universidad Científica del Sur y la universidad San Martin de Porres, que fue recolectada durante los años 2020-2021 mediante un cuestionario virtual. Conclusiones: La cibercondría se relaciona de manera inversa con la variable "edad", lo que indica que a medida que los participantes envejecen, su cibercondría disminuye. La influencia de tener familiares en el campo de la salud se asoció con niveles más bajos de cibercondría, mientras que el género, el estado civil y la presencia de familiares con diagnóstico de COVID-19 no mostraron relación con la cibercondría.
Gestión del talento y desempeño laboral de los profesionales millennials de Lima metropolitana durante la pandemia Covid-19/ 2022
Authors:   , Ayquipa Huamani Diana Rosario , Llamoca Hancco Nina Victoria
Published: February 2024

La gestión de talento dentro de las organizaciones permite lograr los objetivos organizacionales, es importante que los proceso que la conforman como el reclutamiento y selección, capacitación, motivación y retención se ejecuten de manera eficiente con el fin de obtener al colaborador idóneo, por ende, la organización es más productiva. El objetivo del este estudio fue determinar la relación de la gestión del talento con el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores. La investigación fue de nivel descriptivo correlacional, con enfoque cuantitativo, con una muestra de 385 profesionales millennials, se aplicaron instrumentos de elaboración propia que permitieron contrastar la hipótesis general obtenido un valor de relación de (r= 0,587), concluyendo que existe una relación moderada, una adecuada gestión del talento permite que el desempeño laboral de los millennials sea óptimo si los procesos son eficientes.
Cambios en los hábitos alimentarios y actividad física con relación a la percepción de la imagen corporal de escolares del nivel secundario de dos instituciones educativas de Lima y Callao durante la Covid-19
Authors:   , Lopez Guerrero Pamela Alejandra , Valdivia Ansuini Maria Fernanda
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Determinar los cambios en los hábitos alimentarios y la actividad física con relación a la percepción de la imagen corporal en los escolares del nivel secundario de dos Instituciones Educativas de Lima y Callao, antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de tipo observacional y de corte transversal retrospectivo. Se evaluaron a 397 escolares de primer a quinto grado de secundaria. Para medir las variables se utilizó el “Cuestionario de Hábitos Alimentarios y Actividad física” y el “Cuestionario SFS” para la percepción de la imagen corporal. Resultados: La media de edad de los escolares se encuentra en 14 años. Se tiene mayor presencia de escolares varones (54,40%) con relación a mujeres evaluadas. Los hábitos alimentarios adecuados durante la pandemia (8,60%) mejoraron en comparación con los reportados antes de la pandemia (4,50%), lo contrario ocurre con la actividad física inadecuada que aumentó durante la pandemia (56,70%) en comparación con los valores anteriores (48,40%). La percepción de imagen corporal de muy delgado disminuyó durante la pandemia (14,90%) en comparación con lo reportado antes del inicio de la pandemia (22,20%). Finalmente, se determinó que la percepción de la imagen corporal antes y durante la pandemia por COVID-19 muestra cambios significativos (p<0,05) respecto a hábitos alimentarios y actividad física en los dos momentos de estudio de manera independiente. Conclusión: Hubo cambios significativos en los hábitos alimentarios y la actividad física con relación a la percepción de la imagen corporal en los escolares de Lima y Callao antes y durante la COVID-19 en Perú.
Estrés académico y estrategias de afrontamiento en estudiantes de quinto de secundaria de Instituciones Educativas Públicas del distrito de Chilca-Huancayo, Perú durante la COVID-19
Authors:   , Cuchula Montes Tania Luz
Published: February 2024

La finalidad de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre el estrés académico y las estrategias de afrontamiento en estudiantes de quinto de secundaria de Instituciones Educativas Públicas del distrito de Chilca-Huancayo, Perú durante la COVID-19. La propuesta metodológica fue cuantitativa, no experimental, descriptivo-correlacional. La muestra se conformó por 214 estudiantes de ambos sexos, desde 15 y 18 años, a los que se les aplicó el “Inventario de Estrés Académico SISCO SV adaptado al contexto de la crisis por COVID-19” y la “Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes revisada (ACS Lima)”. Los resultados revelaron una relación positiva y significativa entre estrés académico y las estrategias de autopreocuparse, ausencia de afrontamiento, disminución de la tensión, autoinculparse, guardarse para uno mismo y hacerse ilusiones. Estos hallazgos, sugieren diseñar programas psicoeducativos a fin de potencializar las capacidades de afrontamiento de los alumnos ante los eventos estresantes.
A retrospective and prospective observational study of MRI changes in bone in patients with type 1 Gaucher disease treated with velaglucerase alfa: the EIROS study.
Authors: Bengherbia Monia , Berger Marc , Hivert Benedicte , Rigaudier Florian , Bracoud Luc , Vaeterlein Ole , Yousfi Karima , Maric Michele , Malcles Marie , Belmatoug Nadia
Published: February 2024

Background
Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, and disabling bone manifestations that require regular MRI monitoring to assess disease progression and treatment responses. Velaglucerase alfa therapy results in long-term improvements in hematologic and visceral manifestations, but more real-world data on its impact on bone manifestations are needed. The EIROS study aimed to address this knowledge gap by using MRI data collected in daily practice in France to assess the impact of velaglucerase alfa on GD1 bone disease.
Methods
Patients with GD1 and bone MRI data from around the time of velaglucerase alfa initiation were eligible for inclusion. All MRIs collected retrospectively from treatment initiation and prospectively to the end of follow-up (12 months) were analyzed centrally by a blinded expert radiologist to evaluate bone infiltration using the Bone Marrow Burden (BMB) score and a qualitative method (scored for the spine and femur: stable, improved or worsened). Abdominal MRIs were also centrally analyzed to assess hepatosplenomegaly. Reports from bone MRIs, X-rays, and abdominal ultrasounds made by local radiologists were also collected. Clinical (acute and chronic bone pain) and biological parameters were analyzed from medical records.
Results
MRI data were available for 20 patients from 9 hospital centers: 6 treatment-naive patients and 14 patients who switched to velaglucerase alfa from another GD treatment. Readable MRIs for BMB scoring were only available for 7 patients for the spine and 1 patient for the femur. Qualitative assessments, performed for 18 patients, revealed stability in spine and femur infiltration in 100.0% and 84.6% of treatment-switched patients (n = 13), respectively, and improvements in 80.0% and 60.0% of treatment-naive patients, respectively; no worsening of bone infiltration was observed. Liver, spleen and hematologic parameters improved in treatment-naive patients and remained stable in treatment-switched patients.
Conclusions
This study provided real-world evidence suggesting the long-term effectiveness of velaglucerase alfa treatment in GD1, including bone manifestations. The data indicate that if MRI assessment by a radiologist with experience of GD bone manifestations is not possible, a simplified qualitative assessment provides sufficient evidence in clinical practice for monitoring bone disease progression and treatment response.
From Power to Plants: Unveiling the Environmental Footprint of Lithium Batteries
Authors: Gupta Dharmendra K , Iyer Aswetha , Mitra Anindita , Chatterjee Soumya , Murugan Sevanan
Published: February 2024

Widespread adoption of lithium-ion batteries in electronic products, electric cars, and renewable energy systems has raised severe worries about the environmental consequences spent lithium batteries. Because of its mobility and possible toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, lithium, as a vital component of battery technology, has inherent environmental problems. Leaching of lithium from discharged batteries, as well as its subsequent migration through soil and water, represent serious environmental hazards, since it accumulates in the food chain, impacting ecosystems and human health. This comprehensive review delves into ways through which lithium is introduced into the environment, beginning with its release from discarded lithium batteries. This lithium can migrate through soil and water systems, ultimately infiltrating various ecological compartments, including plants, animals, and eventually the human food chain. Of particular concern is the potential toxicity of lithium, and this review closely examines its effects on ecosystems and human health. Aside from examining the environmental impacts, in this paper also emphasizes the significance of proper disposal and recycling measures in order to offset the negative effects of used lithium batteries. Furthermore, this article also emphasizes the importance of continued research to create creative and sustainable methods for lithium recovery and remediation.
Acoustic-based Multitask Construction Equipment and Activity Recognition Using Customized ResNet-18
Authors: Ahammed Istiak , Kim Bubryur , Song Sujeen , An Jinwoo , Chen Zengshun
Published: February 2024

This study presents an acoustic-based multitask technique for distinguishing construction equipment types and their associated activities using a customized ResNet-18 deep learning (DL) model. Construction equipment activities on sites require efficient recognition during real-time operations to ensure maximum productivity and safety. While other studies examine typical recognition, particularly visual or sensor-based methods, this study investigates the potential of equipment-generated audio signals as a feasible option for activity classification. Leveraging the acoustic signal and advanced DL techniques, we collected and preprocessed the audio signals from construction equipment and trained them on the customized pretrained ResNet-18 model to accurately recognize equipment and its corresponding activities. The proposed method shows superior accuracy and good performance in equipment and activity identification. Our findings demonstrate the capability and efficiency of the developed approach in accurately classifying equipment and activity types, achieving classification accuracies of up to 97%. Compared to other models, our method is more computationally efficient. The results suggest that the proposed method holds promise for real-time recognition of heavy equipment and associated activities. Its capability can reduce construction risks, enhance productivity, and improve decision-making at construction sites.
The first report of Tritrichomonas foetus and Tetratrichomonas buttreyi in Raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in China
Authors: qian Chen dong , yue wang qiu , qiao li qiao , yu luo xin , hua wu xing , pu wang ji , chao gao si , chao liu xin , chao Li wen
Published: February 2024

Background In recent years, the trichomonosis in raccoon dogs in China had occurred frequently. Pentatrichomonas hominis had been described in raccoon dogs in China in some previous studies.
Purpose To reveal whether raccoon dogs can be infected by other trichomonad species besides P. hominis, and clarify the prevalence and species distribution of trichomonad in raccoon dogs.
Methods Herein, the 389 fecal samples were collectedfrom farm-raised raccoon dogs in Hebei Province, all the samples were detected using the microscopic examination and several fecal samples containing trichomonad-like organisms were processed, cultured, stained, and photographed. Meanwhile, all the samples were screened by the
species-specific nested PCR based on the small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) gene of P. hominis,Tritrichomonas foetusand Tetratrichomonas buttreyi, respectively, and all positive secondary PCR amplications obtained in this study were sequenced, aligned and analysed.
Results 62 fecal samples (15.9%,62/389) were trichomonad-positive under light microscopy, and the trichomonad-like cells were clearly observed in the culture contents. The PCR results showed that 100 samples were trichomonad-positive, including 45 P. hominis-positive samples (11.6%,45/389), 32 T. foetus-positive samples (8.2%,32/389), and 33 T. buttreyi-positive samples (8.5%,33/389), respectively. Double infections were observed in 10 samples. All samples confirmed as trichomonad-positive under microscopy were also found to be trichomonad-positive by PCR analysis. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the sequences obtained in this study belonged to P. hominis, T. foetus and T. buttreyi SSU rRNA, respectively. Among them, the T. buttreyi SSU rRNA sequences obtained in this study harbored the new sequence polymorphisms. Based on preliminary morphological and molecular analyses, raccoon dogs are considered as the new host of T. foetus and T. buttreyi.
Conclusion This is the first report about the identifcation and prevalence of T. foetus and T. buttreyi in raccoon dogs in China, and the results increase our knowledge about the host range and prevalence of trichomonad species.
Social-Ecological Landscape Sustainability in Ghana and Nigeria: Applying the DPSIR- SEL Framework
Authors: Atampugre Gerald , Igbadun H.E. , Tilahun Seifu , Oke Adebayo , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe , Olaleye O.A. , Cofie Olufunke
Published: February 2024

This study evaluates the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) dynamics and water quality in the Mankran landscape in Ghana (case study-1) and the Doma-Rutu landscape in Nigeria (case study-2) using the Drivers Pressure State Impact Response (DPSIR) for social ecological landscape (SEL) assessment framework (DPSIR-SEL). In the Mankran landscape, between 2008 and 2018, there was a notable shift in land utilization: cash crop cultivation surged to 30% in 2015 before receding to 14.5% by 2018, while subsistence farming was reduced. Water quality analysis revealed deviations from World Health Organization (WHO) standards, with parameters such as Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Pb (lead), and As (arsenic) signaling potential contamination risks. Conversely, in the Doma-Rutu landscape of Nigeria, LULC changes from 2000 to 2022 manifest as expanding residential and agricultural areas and alterations in natural water bodies and vegetation. Water quality concerns have arisen with high levels of electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and salinity. Additionally, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) in Nigeria illuminated the deep-rooted herder-farmer conflicts, constraining crop cultivation due to historical and environmental factors. The intertwined challenges in the Mankran landscape and Doma-Rutu landscape necessitate sustainable and inclusive resource management, adaptive land-use practices, and proactive measures to ensure water quality. Land use land cover (LULC) and water quality evaluations, informed by the DPSIR-SEL framework, underscore the pressing need for integrated and inclusive solutions to address evolving land-use challenges and safeguard water resources in the Mankran and Doma-Rutu landscapes.
Spatial Patterns and Biodiversity of Mosquitoes (Order Diptera, Family Culicidae) within the Residual Atlantic Forest Area in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Rosângela Maria Rodrigues , de Sousa Elilde Miguel , Faierstein Gabriel Bezerra , Luna Carlos Feitosa , de Oliveira André Luiz Sá , Paula Marcia Bicudo , Paiva Marcelo Henrique Santos
Published: February 2024

The world is undergoing a biodiversity crisis as numerous regions witness a heightened incidence of deforestation within tropical ecosystems. This phenomenon is particularly severe in the Atlantic Forest, where the indigenous vegetation is presently confined to diminutive fragments. In the present study, we delineated the spatial distribution of mosquito fauna across multiple zones within a private residential complex established in a remnant section of the Atlantic Forest. The aim was to assess the potential risk of vector species circulation in this recently inhabited human settlement. Mosquito collections were carried out fortnightly from February to December 2013, in the ecotone and man-made area, using the vacuum-type, CDC light and oviposition traps. A total of 8,972 eggs were collected by ovitraps, 168 rafts collected by BR-OVT and 742 adults collected by CDC traps and aspiration. We identified 26 species, distributed in eight genera (Aedes, Aedeomyia, Culex, Coquiletide, Linatus, Mansonia, Uranotaenia and Wyeomyi). Several of these species are considered potential in the transmission of arboviruses in man-made area and ecotone, such as Culex nigripalpus, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Aedeomyia squamipennis. Early identification of mosquito vectors, employed as a monitoring strategy, enhances the efficacy of mosquito vector control programs, consequently mitigating the dissemination of emerging arbovirus outbreaks.
Porcine cysticercosis: first evaluation of antigens from the liquid of cyst for the development of a serological test for Livestock
Authors: Kouadio Borel Thierry N'dri , Razafiarimanga Zara , Randriamparany Tantely , Nowakowski Mireille , Stephane Petres , Touré Offianan André , Djaman Allico Joseph , Jambou Ronan
Published: February 2024

Background: In low-income countries, rapid discard of cysticercosis suspected pigs from the meat chain, is a key step to preserve customers. Unfortunately, in most place only rapid visual inspection of carcasses is practiced. Despite their fluctuant specificity serological tests performed in living animals before entry at slaughterhouse, could be a better and easier approach to promote. However, recombinant antigens must be developed and evaluated to improve accessibility of serological diagnosis. In this study, five recombinant antigens have been expressed and evaluated in Elisa in comparison with electro-immune transfer blot (EITB).
Results Antigens were expressed in a baculovirus-insect cell system, purified by affinity chromatography and evaluated on pig serum. Sensitivity, specificity, concordance, and positive likelihood ratio of each recombinant antigen were calculated in reference to EITB. Sensitivityvalues ranged from 43.9% (34.5 - 53.8) to 88.8% (80.8 - 93.7). Specificities ranged from 37.5% (28.5 - 47.5) to 65.6% (55.7 - 74.3). To improve performance of the tests, combination of antigens was used rising sensitivity between 90.8% and 94.9%. Compared to visual examination of carcasses as performed in slaughterhouses these combinations only missed 1% to 5% of infection. Specificities were lower but at the same level as the native antigen ELISA.
Conclusion: These recombinant antigens have sensitivity and specificity in the same range as EITB and can be now evaluated against the necropsy as gold standard. Using such tests, cysticercosis suspected animals could be treated with oxendazole before entering the market chain to improve the management of animals at the farm level.
Anti-fibrotic properties of a decellularized extracellular matrix scaffold from porcine small intestinal submucosa are evident in normal human and keloid fibroblasts
Authors: Banerjee Pradipta , Ritchie Rae , Lander Grace , Das Amitava , Hiles Michael , Gordillo Gayle , Sen Chandan K. , Roy Sashwati
Published: February 2024

Uncontrolled fibrosis via excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), is a hallmark of hypertrophic scars and keloids. A decellularized ECM biomaterial from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS; Biodesign® or BioD, Cook Biotech, Inc.), is widely used in clinical applications for tissue repair. The current study tested the effects of BioD scaffolds, as compared with collagen constructs, on normal human skin (nFB) and keloid fibroblasts (kFB). Real-time qPCR, ELISA, and knockdown studies were performed to study pro-fibrotic pathways in cultured cells. ECM gene expression array revealed that BioD significantly attenuated (p < 0.05) the expression of thrombospondin-1 and fibronectin-1, two drivers of fibrosis in nFB as well as kFB. BioD repressed thrombospondin-1 and fibronectin-1 gene expression manifested as significant downregulation (n = 5–6; p < 0.05) of both proteins in nFB and kFB. The levels of latent transforming growth factor (LAP-TGFβ-1) were markedly reduced (n = 5; p < 0.05) in both nFB and kFB following treatment with BioD but not the other constructs. Knockdown of FN1 using siRNA significantly attenuated (n = 5, p < 0.05) pro-fibrotic responses including expression of Col1A1 and the levels of LAP-TGFβ-1 in nFB suggesting downregulation of FN1 by BioD is one of the primary underlying mechanisms of attenuated pro-fibrotic responses in keloid fibroblasts.
Description of a new vagrant Aceria species (Acari: Eriophyidae) on Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit (Asteraceae) in northwest Iran and a key to the world species associated with Artemisia spp.
Authors: Honarmand Arash , Lotfollahi Parisa , Hashemi–Khabir Zahra , Hanifeh Syamak , Xue Xiao–Feng
Published: February 2024

To fill the gap of eriophyoid mites in Iran, a field survey was carried out in northwest Iran (Aras dam lake, West Azerbaijan Province), on summer 2022. As a result of which one new vagrant Aceria species (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) associated with Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit. (Asteraceae) was discovered. The new species is illustrated and described herein as Aceria artemiparia sp. nov.. The specific epithet artemiparia, is a combination of first six letters of the genus name and five last letters of species name of the host plant. No apparent symptom was observed on the host. This is the second report of an eriophyid mite species associated to Artemisia scoparia host plant. Aceria artemiparia sp. nov. is unique among 23 Aceria spp. associated with Artemisia species plants by having a smooth prodorsal shield and 8–rayed empodium. Furthermore, we provided a checklist and morphological keys of eriophyoid mites associated with Artemisia spp. of the world.
Where Are the Small Non-volant Mammals (Didelphimorphia and Rodentia) of the Brazilian Amazon and Who Will Protect Them?
Authors: Pena Simone Almeida , Silva Cláudia Regina , Vieira Thiago Bernardi
Published: February 2024

The rapid alteration of the landscape caused by the accelerated process of deforestation in the Amazon has put biodiversity and ecosystem services at risk in recent years. Among the threatened Amazon ecosystems, the Cerrado enclaves stand out, particularly important for conservation, since they are home to a rich and peculiar biodiversity composed of communities of savannah and forest species and including numerous endemic species. In this research, we quantify the contribution of Protected Areas to the conservation of the diversity of small non-volant mammals in the Brazilian Amazon. We create summation models of species richness and present the potential distribution of species. Our results show that for marsupials, the concentration of wealth is located more in the center of the North region, in the states of Pará and Amazonas. The analyzed species tend to present less than 20% of their potential distribution area within the Protection Areas. For rodents, the contribution of each Protection Area represented an average of 9.56% of the potential distribution area of the species. Although, for both marsupials and rodents, protected areas alone are not sufficient for the conservation of species, when we include all categories, the level of contribution of protected areas increases.
Acidic preconditioning induced intracellular acid adaptation to protect renal injury via dynamic phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase dependent activation of sodium hydrogen exchanger 1
Authors: Chen Annan , Zhang Jian , Yan Zhixin , Lu Yufei , Chen Weize , Sun Yingxue , Gu Qiuyu , Li Fang , Yang Yan , Zhao Shuan , Zou Zhouping , Qiu Shanfang , Lin Xueping , Zhang Dong , Teng Jie , Fang Yi , Shen Bo , Song Nana , Ding Xiaoqiang , Sun Kailin
Published: February 2024

Background
Disturbances that push intracellular pH (pHi) under the physiological range caused damage of renal epithelial cells. It is unclear whether an adaptive mechanism exists to return pHi to normal. Na+/H+ transporter 1 (NHE1) is a crucial pathway for extruding H+ during intracellular acidosis, and is survival factor for renal tubular epithelial cells. However, the specific role of NHE1 in renal epithelial cells intracellular acid adaptation and the underlining mechanism has not been clarified.
Methods
Acidic (pH6.6) preconditioning (AP) and ischemic preconditioning (IPC) was used to elicit intracellular acid adaptation in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of NHE1 was generated by using NHE1 siRNA and inhibitor cariporide. Intracellular pH sensor focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was inhibited by defactinib and siRNA or activated by pyrintegrin. Role and source of ROS were confirmed by mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone, NOX4 inhibitor GLX351322 and nonselective ROS inhibitor N-Acetylcysteine.the value and dynamic changes of phi was measued by BCECF AM or SNARF-1. NHE1, FAK, and NOX4 activation were assessed by immunoprecipitation and western blotting. The paxillin expression and actin stress fibers were visualized by histological analysis and immunofluorescent staining.
Results
Acidic pretreatment for 12 hours followed by recovering 6 hours (AP) can effectively alleviate subsequent hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. Mechanistically, it was observed that AP and IPC maintains pHi homeostasis and alleviates renal epithelial damage by upregulating the expression and activity of NHE1. Consequently, further investigations revealed that the activity of NHE1 is regulated by dynamic changes in pHi-dependent Y397 phosphorylation of FAK, and this process is associated with NOX4-mediated ROS production. Furthermore, AP induced FAK, NOX4 and NHE1 gathering at focal adhesions to promote cytoskeletal remodeling.
Conclusions
AP may prime a micro domain constituted by FAK, NOX4 and NHE1 in focal adhesions to lead to pHi adaptation and cytoskeletal remodeling and reduced renal injury.
Nonlinear System identification of Air turbine rocket engine based on Polynomial nonlinear state space model
Authors: Liang Jiayu , Zhao Qingjun , Zhao Wei , Yang Xuesen , Ren Sanqun , Cai Weidong
Published: February 2024

The Air Turbine Rocket (ATR) engine is a promising combined cycle propulsion engine. This paper uses the polynomial nonlinear state-space (PNLSS) model to model and identify the nonlinear system of the ATR engine. A method of multiple uncorrelated step signals is proposed as the excitation signals for the nonlinear system. The adaptive Nelder-Mead simplex (ANMS) algorithm is used as the nonlinear least squares optimization algorithm to solve the PNLSS model parameters. The identification results show that the multiple uncorrelated step signals have good excitation effects on the steady-state operating points and the large-scale dynamic processes of the nonlinear system. Under the same initial values, the ANMS algorithm has obvious advantages over the Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) algorithm and the standard Nelder-Mead simplex (SNMS) algorithm in terms of optimization effect and convergence speed. The PNLSS model shows higher fitting accuracy and prediction ability than the linear state space (LSS) model for the operating points and the wide-range dynamic processes of the ATR engine. This study provides a new method for excitation signal design and parameter identification for nonlinear systems and lays a foundation for the design of nonlinear controllers.
Emerging Trends in Glioma Incidence and Prognostic Factors: A Comprehensive Analysis of the United States (2000-2018)
Authors: Zhao Yuxin , Xu Zihan , Zhang Yong , Liu Ying , Ye Ming , Chen Rui , Cao Zhongyu , Zhou Hong , Zhou Yang
Published: February 2024

Gliomas are the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumors with high mortality. However, current epidemiologic and survival data are lacking. Analyzing 71,040 patients diagnosed with gliomas from 2000 to 2018 in the SEER database, we found a decline in age-adjusted incidence rates from 4.42 to 3.95/100,000[ APC of -0.43 (95%CI, -0.59 to -0.26)]. Among 71,040 cases, the majority were male and White race, with glioblastoma as the predominant histology, primarily located at the cerebrum, and mostly categorized as high-grade tumors. Significant age and grade variations existed among different histology and site groups. Male, white race, older population, glioblastoma, high-grade tumor and cerebrum site were with the higher incidence. Additionally, the incidence of different histology varied significantly among different age groups. Multivariable analysis identified age, sex, histology, grade, site, and size as prognostic factors, with age and grade having the most significant impact on prognosis. Furthermore, we developed a predictive nomogram model for 1-/3-/5-year survival rates, incorporating prognostic factors. For internal and external validations, the concordance indexes were 0.767 (95%CI, 0.761–0.773) and 0.765 (95%CI, 0.757–0.773), respectively. In conclusion, gliomas incidence and survival exhibit notable disparities based on age, sex, histology, grade, site, and size. The nomogram can accurately predict the risk of death, offering valuable insights for patient care.
Traditional haymaking is essential to sustain and restore species-rich subalpine grasslands
Authors: Boch Steffen , Blaser Stefan , Föhr Christine , Küchler Meinrad , Fischer Markus
Published: February 2024

The high plant diversity in subalpine grasslands is threatened by the abandonment of land use, such as traditional haymaking. In addition, changing environmental conditions might lead to vegetation shifts even when traditional land use is maintained, as observed in mountain grasslands in Switzerland during the last decades. Maintaining and restoring the typical diversity of such grasslands might therefore require modified management methods. We conducted a six-year experiment to assess the responses of plant species richness, mean ecological indicator values, and vegetation composition to five management treatments: traditional haymaking, traditional haymaking complemented by scraping (i.e. manual raking) in autumn, traditional haymaking complemented by scraping in spring, only scraping in spring, and abandonment. We hypothesized that haymaking complemented by scraping in either season would remove additional biomass, reduce inter-specific competition, and increase species richness by creating open patches that can promote species establishment. We found positive effects of haymaking complemented by scraping and negative effects of abandonment on plant species richness. In addition, combining haymaking and scraping tended to positively affect habitat quality, indicated by changes in mean indicator values, while abandonment showed the opposite effect. Interestingly, traditional haymaking combined with scraping in autumn promoted the development of the vegetation towards the composition similar to the originally present vegetation type. Our findings show that traditional land use is essential to maintain species-rich subalpine grasslands. Further, they imply that traditional land use can be modified to compensate for the negative developments caused by environmental changes and help restore the typical vegetation.
Frozen green leaves as potential nutrient subsidies in North American mangrove ecosystems
Authors: Overstreet Katelyn Rose , Dangremond Emily , Feller Ilka
Published: February 2024

Avicennia germinans, the black mangrove, has shifted its range limit northward, and increased in abundance, in the southeastern United States. In January 2018, a three-day freeze event caused substantial defoliation of green leaves in A. germinans near its northernmost range limit in St. Augustine, Florida. During their recovery, plants that lost their leaves grew similarly to plants fertilized with nitrogen, leading to the hypothesis that freeze-killed green leaves may have acted as a fertilizer. To assess the value of frozen-green litter as a nutrient subsidy, we performed an experiment in which A. germinans seedlings were grown in sand with green, frozen-green, senescent, and control leaf litter. We measured growth response in seedlings using the following criteria: total plant height, internode elongation, and plant biomass. All litter treatments stimulated growth in seedlings to a greater extent than that of controls. Seedlings treated with green or frozen-green leaves grew taller and had longer internodes, than those treated with senescent leaves. Biomass was greater in seedlings treated with green or frozen-green litter, than in the control treatments. Frozen and green leaves lost more mass in a leaching experiment than senescent leaves or controls. These results support the hypothesis that green leaves that freeze can act as a nutrient source within the ecosystem.