bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El empleo asalariado registrado creado en la Provincia de Santa Fe por empresas del sector privado: atributos y dinámica reciente (2011-2016)
Authors: Carné Martín
Published: October 2020

Con la recuperación económica iniciada en Argentina hacia 2002-2003, el incremento del empleo asalariado en general y del registrado en particular (aun estando este último lejos de exhibirniveles tolerables) opacó durante algún tiempo los debates previos sobre el “fin del trabajo” y la erosión de la relación salarial “fordista”. Sin embargo, en años recientes, éstos parecerían reactualizarse con el debilitamiento del crecimiento económico y las dificultades para sostener y ampliar el nivel de empleo asalariado registrado. En este marco, utilizando datos del Sistema Integrado Previsional Argentino de la Administración Federal de Ingresos Públicos, el artículo analiza la evolución del empleo asalariado registrado privado en la Provincia de Santa Fe entre los primeros trimestres de 2011 y 2016 (discriminando los aglomerados Gran Rosario y Gran Santa Fe y las cinco regiones administrativas del territorio provincial) con el objetivo de identificar las actividades económicas y tamaños de empresa que han generado este tipo de empleo. Se concluye que el crecimiento del empleo asalariado registrado perdió vigor en el período delimitado. Actividades administrativas y servicios de apoyo y Educación ganaron participación en la composición del empleo asalariado formal mientras que las empresas “micro”, que representan el 75% de las empresas fiscalmente domiciliadas en la provincia y emplean 15% de asalariados registrados, perdieron peso en la creación de empleo en favor de las empresas “grandes”, las que equivalen a algo más del 1% del total de empresas y explican casi el 40% de asalariados registrados.
Torcuato S. Di Tella. Coaliciones Políticas. La Argentina en Perspectiva
Authors: Lucca Juan Bautista
Published: October 2020

-
Carlos de la Torre and Cynthia J. Arnson (Eds.). Latin American Populism in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Retamozo Martín
Published: October 2020

-
‘C-REGISTER’ CESAREAN SECTION REGISTER OF THE SVERDLOVSK REGION
Authors: ANKUDINOV Nikolay , ZILBER Natalya
Published: October 2020

The paper considers organization of monitoring of all cesarean section operations in a specific healthcare institution and across all healthcare institutions in the entire Sverdlovsk region, presenting M. Robson’s experience of automating classification of cesarean section operations, as well as digitizing all medical documentation on operative deliveries, from preoperative epicrisis to assessment of postoperative risk of venous thromboembolic complications
Reineke based guide to manage density in Pinus montezumae stands in Puebla, Mexico
Authors: TAMARIT-URIAS Juan Carlos , RODRÍGUEZ-ACOSTA Melchor , ORDÓÑEZ-PRADO Casimiro
Published: October 2020

Objective: Generate a density management guide (DMG) based on the Reineke density index for even-aged stands of Pinus montezumae in Puebla, Mexico. Methodology: Dasometric information from 90 sampling sites of the Forest Management Unit 2103 of the state of Puebla was processed. Each site was 1,000 m2, circularly, coming from natural stands in high density and competition; all growth conditions and age range were covered. The variables density per hectare (N) and quadratic diameter (Dq) were used to adjust the Reineke density-size model. The technique of linear ordinary least squares (OLS) was compared against that of stochastic frontier regression (SFR); the quality of the adjustments was assessed using statistical and graphic criteria. The self-thinning line was determined and a DMG was constructed defining four zones of Langsaeter growth. Contribution: The SFR technique in its semi-normal mode better defined the limit of the maximum boundary of the observed data. DMG is useful for prescribing thinnings as intermediate silvicultural treatments for stands of the species. The maximum density index for a reference Dq of 25 cm was 886 trees ha-1.
The effect of employees’ emotional intelligence and engagement on their mental health with a focus on mediating role of mental creativity
Authors: FAYEGH-MORADIHA Hadi , SHIRAZIAN Zahra , SALIMI Freidoon , FAYEGH-MORADIHA Mehdi
Published: October 2020

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of employees’ emotional intelligence and engagement on their mental health with a focus on the mediating role of mental creativity. This descriptive survey was a quantitative and applied study using cross-sectional method. Statistical population of the study encompassed 57000 employees of Tehran Municipality Organization, from whom 381 persons were selected. The study data was collected by a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling and Smart PLS software were adopted. The findings of the present study confirmed the significant effect of emotional intelligence on mental health among the employees of Tehran Municipality Organization. Moreover, the results revealed the positive and significant effects of the engagement on mental health, emotional intelligence on mental creativity, engagement on mental creativity, and mental creativity on mental health among the employees of Tehran Municipality Organization. Finally, the hypotheses of the study were confirmed.
Alcohol consumption in students of sixth grade of public primary school of Minatitlán, Veracruz
Authors: CORTAZA-RAMÍREZ Leticia , VINALAY-CARRILLO Ilsia , ALVARADO-CRUZ Laura , LÓPEZ-AVENDAÑO Rosa Armida
Published: October 2020

This research is a descriptive and cross-sectional study, carried out with the objective of describing the prevalence of experimental alcohol consumption in sixth grade students of public primary schools in Minatitlán, Veracruz, Mexico. The population was 1,560 sixth grade students; the final sample was 388 students. A simple group and random sampling were used. To collect the information, a personal data card was used that investigated the age, sex, experimental alcohol consumption, the age of onset of first consumption, frequency, who provided the drink and alcohol consumption in the parents. The study adhered to the General Health Law regarding Research. The results show that the average age of onset of alcohol consumption was 8.7 years, 59.4% on boys and 40.6% on girls reported having consumed alcohol. The preferred drink to experience consumption was beer (40.6%), 66.5% reported that their parents were aware of the consumption made and 61.8% indicated that both parents consumed alcohol. These results reveal that the children who participated in the study are starting consumption below the national average reported by the ENCODAT 2016-2017. Boys report higher consumption than girls, and participant’s alcohol consumption is tolerated by parents.
Tourism and regional development as an expression of the globalization. Case.- Mexico-Cuba
Authors: CAMELO-AVEDOY José Octavio , RODRÍGUEZ-HERNÁNDEZ Eusebio , RODRÍGUEZ-ALVAREZ Nely
Published: October 2020

Tourism has been considered, in recent years, as a strategy for creating tourist regions, to meet local and international demand; Tourism activity has been considered an ideal one to incorporate national regions into global market dynamics. Starting with tourism, countries seek to incorporate the benefits of global currency mobility. In turn, incorporate the resident population of the region into employment or underemployment, as a government policy. This research focuses on the detection of the most iconic regional points of the Mexican and Cuban republic, based on their development of tourist activity, and their links, as a central element of economic dynamics. The foregoing, framed from globalization as a factor of integration of tourist regions. Cross-sectional study, with an explanatory scope; The objective is to expose the most relevant tourist regions of the two countries, as well as their economic dynamics in the region. The document that is exposed is a second installment of a larger investigationnthat is in the process of being concluded.
Adquisición de datos de enfriamiento con termopar tipo k para probetas de acero inoxidable en la plataforma Arduino
Authors: NÚÑEZ-ARIZA Benjamín , NÚÑEZ-HERNÁNDEZ Lourdes Nohemí , YÁÑEZ-VARGAS Juan Israel , KANTUN-UICAB María Cristina
Published: October 2020

In the present work, was made an experimental study in the acquisition of data of the temperature in a furnace brand Nobertherm P300 of resistance, using a thermocouple flexible K-Type using the platform, Arduino, and the processing of data is in the software matlab. It was used stainless steel cylindrical (1/2” diameter per 2” long) specimens as test material. The thermocouples were installed inside the probes in a depth of 1 inch, then were placed in the pre-heated furnace to 900 °C. The cooling process was carried out with water at room temperature for 20 seconds. Cooling data were monitored employing an Arduino Mega 2560 connected to thermocouple reading modules MAX 6675. The results obtained were six readings per second in the cooling period studied. This could be a comparable precision to commercial equipment. Also, the data processing was done on the Matlab® platform within an application, where the graphics generated from the different test will be shown.
Diagnóstico de programa de evaluación, metodologías, indicadores y evaluación de resultados: caso de organismos autónomos del estado de Guanajuato
Authors: GALVÁN-ZAVALA Karina , JIMÉNEZ-RICO Artemio , REA-CHAVEZ Luis Gerardo
Published: October 2020

It is important to know the advances in accounting, the national accounting council presents for 2019 an advance of 76.99% compliance on national average, while the state of Guanajuato reports compliance of 82.49%, this research analyses compliance with Article 79 of the General Government Accounting, the publication in electronic media of the evaluation plan, methodology and indicators, evaluation results and evaluator data. The analysis applies for the year 2019 in the autonomous agencies of the state of Guanajuato, resulting in only 34.12% compliance according to the proposed valuation metric, which shows the necessary penalty for non-compliance.
Professional profile of the distance education expert
Authors: RIVERA-GUTIÉRREZ Erika , HIGUERA-ZIMBRÓN Alejandro
Published: October 2020

The purpose studio is to present a referential framework focused on defining what is the professional profile of distance education expert, a specialist in higher education. For this, a qualitative-descriptive methodology will be used, based on literature scientific review, as well as empirical studies. To achieve, first the perspective of the field in the current labor market will be described. Second, the most common activities will be defined. Third, an interview process will be presented to fill the position. Fourth, the prospective of the field of work will be determined. Finally, the final considerations of this document will be outlined.
Efecto del grupo funcional en la adsorción de Ag(I) en soluciones sintéticas con materiales mesoroprosos de silica
Authors: SALAZAR-HERNÁNDEZ Mercedes , SALAZAR-HERNÁNDEZ Carmen , RANGEL-PORRAS Gustavo , CORONA-ARROYO Mario
Published: October 2020

One of the main methodologies used in the industry for the recovery of gold and silver from cyanidation-rich solutions is the adsorption of activated carbon, a process that presents as the main disadvantage the formation of fines in the sorting screens that is where it is recovered, These fines represent a considerable loss of values in the process, which is why the search for alternatives that allow the recovery of gold and silver from the cyanidation rich solutions is of interest to hydrometallurgy, in this sense the magnetic preconcentration could be an alternative to this process; The present work shows the synthesis, characterization and study of the adsorption capacity of Ag (I) of mesoporous materials of silica modified with magnetite. These materials showed a good retention of magnetite in their structure based on the presence of amino groups in their structure, as well as silver adsorption capacities of 86.21-19.8 mgg-1.
Information system for the management of intelligent traffic lights
Authors: ORTIZ-FIGUEROA Alejandro , CHÁVEZ-VALDEZ Ramona Evelia , VERDUZCO-RAMIREZ Jesús Alberto , VILLAVICENCIO-JACOBO Ismael
Published: October 2020

Derived from the population increase and urban growth, vehicle traffic has increased in the cities of Colima and Villa de Álvarez located in Mexico, and with it the problems of road safety and traffic management; the increasing number of roads and traffic lights implies recording the information of each one of these; Therefore, this article presents an information system for the management of intelligent traffic light infrastructure. In the software engineering process, the Agile Unified Process was used to manage the main risks early and guarantee the quality of the product during its life cycle. The system was tested at a prototype level with satisfactory results, as a result a web system contributes to improving road and citizen safety, since based on two vehicle data it connects with web services to other databases, and identifies Immediately form the incidents of vehicles that pass through the roads, including stolen vehicle, speeding and a panic button. The expectations are to scale it to the real environment, and make available to the corresponding authorities the information collected to favor decision-making.
Argumentative paragraphs identification with markers categories
Authors: GARCÍA-GORROSTIETA Jesús Miguel , LÓPEZ-LÓPEZ Aurelio , MADRID-MONTEVERDE José David , PONCE-MENDOZA Ulises
Published: October 2020

The argumentation in theses is necessary to develop the ideas and convince the reader of the presented statements. However, among university students, there is a deficiency in their ability to argue, which is attended by teachers through the review process. In this article, we present a model for argumentative paragraph detection in sections such as the problem statement, justification, and conclusions. The classification task is performed using machine learning algorithms using five categories of argumentative markers. We present the sets of word patterns for each of the following categories: justification, explanation, deduction, refutation and conditional. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the argumentative paragraph identification reaching encouraging results.
Mathematics 3.0 fraction squares, an educational video game for ludic use in classroom
Authors: QUIJANO-ABAN Víctor Manuel , CERVERA-EVIA Gimer Amilcar , MOO-PECH José Guadalupe , QUIJANO-CRUZ Bonesí
Published: October 2020

When we talk about video games we associate it with in entertainment, but its use also has extensive benefits in educational area: promote skills, help review curricular and allows you to keep track student progress. Mathematics 3.0, are two software prototypes: one for the teacher and another one for the student, with this it, then seeks to promote skills in the resolution of numerical fractions at primary school in a playful way. This paper shows the results obtained in this project using the Prototype methodology.
Integración y gestión por computadora de sistema automatizado para la ejecución de tarea de pintado
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ-FRANCO Martín Eduardo , CARREÓN-MÁRQUEZ Diego César , RODRÍGUEZ-LOMELÍ José Alberto , FELICIANO-VELÁZQUEZ Néstor David
Published: October 2020

This paper exposes the implementation of a robot in angular configuration for the performance of surface painting task, since the conditioning of a spraying tool in its end effector. Robot monitoring and control are executed by integrating a joint regulation system, based on the corresponding kinematic resolution, in communication with a computer interface, developed from LabVIEW software. A finished product inspection operation is contemplated, whose function is performed by a vision system added to the same management interface. The proposal of a trajectory in the end effector that imitates the external shape of the object to be painted in combination with the rotation control of a rotating table, on which such object remains during the process, has allowed to describe a minimum quantity of executions of the painted sequence to cover its entire surface; showing positive results. It is concluded in the convenience of this implementation with industrial orientation, by combining theoretical and practical knowledge essential in Engineering.
Popular music, history and geography of our society: a pedagogical approach for students
Authors: MENDOZA-ZAZUETA Juan Enrique , ÓSCAR-ÁVILA José Melchor
Published: October 2020

The present work seeks to determine popular music as an object of study before the cultural interconnections given by globalization and, at the same time, presenting the musical field as a pedagogical tool for education. Through a project by researchers at the Autonomous University of Sinaloa, a pedagogical methodology that provides the student with tools necessary for an understanding from the regional to the global of the object of study is weighted, this being the musical field or any other object of which music can serve as a tool for the acquisition and understanding of knowledge. It also proposes the construction and protection of documents that help shape our history, understanding that intellectual operations encompass both languages and multiple discourses as well as artistic expressions in general.
Emotional competences relationship and academic performance in university students
Authors: ALONSO-ALDANA Ruth , GAYTÁN-MARTÍNEZ Zulema , FLORES-REYES Alfonso , TOLANO-GUTIÉRREZ Helga Karina
Published: October 2020

The objective of this quantitative study was to identify the level of EI in the university student and to compare it to their academic performance. The 40 participants; 15 women and 25 men, aged between 18 and 22 years old, attending the Higher University Technical level, were selected through a non-random sampling. The Trait Meta Mood-Scale self-report test (TMMS24) was applied. Data were analyzed with the Spss 24 statistical program and the Pearson correlation test. The results show that there is no significant correlation between academic performance and global emotional intelligence, but, there is a significant difference in the variable of emotional clarity in young people in the first four-month period (3.70). They present a greater clarity compared with those in the fourth quarter (3.24). It is concluded that to study the relationship between EI and academic performance it is convenient to consider other variables that can influence the person, such as personality traits and intellectual capacity. Also it is recommended to include emotional competencies in the university curriculum, because they influence subsequent psychological adjustment and work performance.
The BigBlueButton in teaching- learning processes, invironmental education in ecotecnologies for sustainability
Authors: GALINDO-GONZÁLEZ Leticia
Published: October 2020

The present article is a qualitative investigation of descriptive and documentary scope, which aimed to identify how the technological tool called BigBlueButton (BBB) influenced the online teaching-learning processes of six students who lived out of Guadalajara metropolitan area, and other states of the country.The results showed that students who resided outside of metropolitan area and other states of the country, who used the online technological tool (BBB), achieved a teaching-learning process that gave them knowledge and skills necessaries to develop their environmental education projects in Ecotechnologies, for sustainability in their locality.
Incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles in polymeric matrices as UV protector
Authors: MONTERO-GUZMAN Erika , GALINDO R. , FUENTES-RAMIREZ R.
Published: October 2020

At present there is great interest in the development of new nanomaterials that can be applied in different areas of study such as chemistry, physics, medicine, among others.
In many polymeric materials, especially when used in coatings exposed to sunlight, they cause photolysis and photooxidation reactions, leading to the degradation of their physical-mechanical, optical and other properties. Therefore, the need to look for new materials capable of resisting radiation for prolonged periods, while retaining its original characteristics, such as hue and brightness, is imperative. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have attracted great interest in this aspect as they are used in most commercial sunscreens that use inorganic pigments, for their ability to adsorb ultraviolet rays. In the present work, the incorporation of the Np-ZnO in situ during the polymerization by the emulsion process of butyl acrylate was carried out. ZnO nanoparticles are incorporated into butyl polyacrylate in different concentrations of 0.3%, 0.5%, and 1% W, in which it is observed that at 1% there is greater agglomeration and in the others it does not affect the morphology of our polymer.
Densidad espectral en guías de onda mediante propiedades estadísticas y teorema de Wiener-Khintchine
Authors: LÓPEZ-ÁLVAREZ Yadira Fabiola , JARA-RUÍZ Ricardo , RODRÍGUEZ-FRANCO Martín Eduardo , DELGADO-GUERRERO Sergio Humberto
Published: October 2020

There are several cases in which the use of optical fiber is use, its properties above many mechanical cables makes it an excellent waveguide, it has led to the development of communications, engineering, including the medical and biological science. However, poor coupling or cuts can affect this means of transmission. When the optical path within the waveguide undergoes alterations, there are losses, overlap in the signal, errors in demodulation and decoding, limiting its transmission capacity. In this work the result in the changes that the spectral density presents in a circular waveguide are reported, when subjected to deformations in the axes (x, y), through the perspective of speckle pattern, and its statistical properties in correlation with the Wiener Khintchine Theorem. The results obtained suggest that the behavior of the spectral density is descending and that it is feasible to determine the similarity between the reference spectral density and the one that undergoes deformation for both the statistical analysis and the Wiener Khintchine Theorem.
The simultaneous equilibrium of IS-LM curves
Authors: Sánchez-Rivas  García Javier , Pablo-Romero Gil-Delgado María del Pópulo , Expósito García Alfonso , Gómez-Calero Valdés Palma , Espinosa Goded María del Pilar
Published: October 2020

Didactic animation that shows the simultaneous balance of the goods and money markets, as well as the necessary graphics to explain the macroeconomic equilibrium.
Department of Economic Analysis and Political Economy.
Mapas dialectales 5. Mapa distinción seso-ceceo
Authors: Cuadros Muñoz Roberto
Published: October 2020

Animación didáctica que trata sobre el ALEA. Atlas lingüístico y etnográfico de Andalucía.
En este vídeo, concretamente, se habla del complejo reparto social-geográfico del seseo y ceceo andaluz. Haciendo diferenciación de los fonemas ese y zeta, mediante la solución distinguidora.
Mapas dialectales 8. Mapa pronunciación aspirada de la "jota"
Authors: Cuadros Muñoz Roberto
Published: October 2020

Animación didáctica que trata sobre el ALEA. Atlas lingüístico y etnográfico de Andalucía.
En este vídeo, concretamente, se habla sobre la pronunciación del fonema velar fricativo sordo Jota, que puede presentar en español diversas realizaciones fonéticas.
Pengaruh Skenario dan Gambar Pada Film “Ayo Pulang Kampung” Terhadap Rasa Nasionalisme Mahasiswa
Authors: Krisbianto Sukatno , Taufik Reza Rizkina , Duru Muhammad Zainudin Bin Ali Don
Published: October 2020

Kreativitas para sineas di Indonesia dapat dikatakan masih statis, dilihat dari minimnya genre-genre film yang ada di tanah air. Kebanyakan genre film di Indonesia hanya seputar drama romantik, komedi, horor, dan seks yag inti ceritanya sama sekali tidak memiliki unsur edukasi (mendidik), jangan hanya kemasan di buat berbeda. Hal ini yang semakin mengurangi pudarny rasa nasionalisme masyarakat Indonesia khususnya dikalangan mahasiswa. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif, yakni hasil penelitian yang kemudian diolah dan diambil kesimpulan. Metode deskriptif untuk menggambarkan permasalahan dan metode verifikatif untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh rumusan masalah. Tentunya terdapat pengaruh antara skenario dan gambar pada rasa nasionalisme mahasiswa. Begitu juga antara skenario dan rasa nasionalisme mahasiswa. Berdasarkan pengujian hipotesis skenario dan gambar pada film "Ayo Pulang Kampung" memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap rasa nasionalisme mahasiswa brodcasting BSI Jakarta.
Komunikasi Terapeutik Petugas Kesehatan dengan Pasien RSJ Naimata Kupang
Authors: Suseno Clarisha Windrati , Andung Petrus Ana , Hana Ferly Tanggu
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Clarisha Windrati Suseno (1603050065) **, Therapeutic Communication Officer Health with Pasien (Case Study at Niamata Kupang Mental Hospital) supervised by Dr. Petrus A. Andung, S.Sos, M.Si and Ferly Tanggu Hana, S.Si, M.Comn. Consists of 178 pages. 18 Reference books, 5 journals and 8 internet sites.

Communication is almost a natural action that is not intentional for almost everyone. Therefore the function of its effectiveness can be ignored. Because communication is also an inseparable part of the world of health, intermediaries through doctors and nurses will always be in contact with patients. Hence effective communication skills will have a positive impact on the quality and outcome of health care for patients. This qualitative research aims to explore effective communication, how its relationships and influences for health and also to find ways to improve effective communication in health care settings in patients. The therapeutic communication concept also tries to highlight the importance of this communication concept, which is done through verbal or nonverbal communication and nurses consciously influence the patient or help the patient. Patients with mental disorders are a description of the syndrome with a variety of causes. Much is not yet known with certainty and the course of the disease is not always chronic. Generally characterized by fundamental deviations, the characteristics of thoughts and perceptions, and the presence of unnatural or blunt effects. Naimata Kupang Mental Hospital (Naimata Mental Hospital) is the only mental hospital in the Kupang City. Face to face communication is something that is often done by health staff at Naimita Mental Hospital with patients. Face-to-face communication (part of therapeutic) is more accurate for patient's healing process because in face-to-face communication the patient is more concerned and easier for therapist to see concepts in the patient and understand the problems that patient is experiencing. Hence this function can also encourage patients to express their feelings and ideas more clearly. There are various reactions to "therapeutic communication" because all patients are different in character, background, social status, culture, and so on.
Al-Mawardi's Theory of State
Authors: Hamid Eltigani Abdulqadir
Published: October 2020

A manuscript of Al-Mawardi's important political work Tashilal-Nadar (Facilitating -Administration) has recently been published.Examining this work, it appears that beyond the stereotype, conformist,Abbasid-patronized writer, there is another Mawardi. Hence, anattempt is made in this article to show that some of Al-Mawardi's majorideas in political theory have not been seriously studied by any of themodem scholars who write on Islamic medieval political thought -most of whom have not even seen al-Mawardi's Tashil al-Nadar. I willargue, moreover, that what has been left out of al-Mawardi's works isprobably more relevant to political theory, and that some conclusionsarrived at in works that have become classics in the field are not wellfounded.
Femininity Versus Feminism
Authors: Poston Larry
Published: October 2020

This essay shows how the concept of womanhood undergoes atransformation in the minds of some western females who convert tothe Muslim faith. With respect to the role of women in Islam, threedifferent groups may be distinguished: “outsiders looking in,” “insiderslooking out;” and “converts to Islam looking around and back.” Withinthe f i i t category, a majority see Islam in terms of oppression andservitude, although for a smaller group the faith represents a return toall that “hearth and home” signifies. The second major groupingconsists of Muslims, many of whom find Muslim womanhood to besuperior to non-Islamic alternatives. But an increasing number seek toliberate females from “the tyranny of Islamic Law.” Those in the thirdcategory were originally “outsiders looking in,” but after a transitionalperiod become “insiders looking out.” The . female converts areoriginally attracted to a feminine ideal that is interpreted through theirown culture and experience. Becoming “insiders” brings exposure toissues of Islamic womanhood which necessitate a re-interpretationof the essence of femaleness, producing what uninitiated westernobservers might call rationalizations but which actually formapologetical replies to objections from unbelievers.
ISESCO and The International Knowledge Order
Authors: Bouasria Abdelilah
Published: October 2020

This article is representative of the “culturalist” school of thought inpolitical science. Using a paradigm coined by Foucault, numerous facesof power in the international knowledge order are explored. Startingfrom the assumption that the burden of “cultural gate-keeping’’ restsheavily upon UNESCO’s shoulder, it is analyzed whether ISESCOcan count as a counter-power. Once the flaws of the comparativeframework that posits ISESCO as a “second UNESCO’ are shown,an Islamic methodology is used in order to see whether this Islamiccultural institution represents Islam or simulates it. Such an inquiryrequires a discursive analysis of two institutions that share a commoncultural goal using either the framework of internationalism or that ofthe Ummah.
Nation and Religion
Authors: Fleming K.E.
Published: October 2020

This important new addition to the growing body of literature onnationalism, religion, and religious nationalism is the product of aconference on "Religion and Nationalism in Europe and Asia", held in1995 at the University of Amsterdam. Princeton University Press is in general hesitant when it comes to publishing edited volumes; it has donewell to make an exception for this one. While many edited collections,particularly those that grow out of conferences, are at best of inconsistentquality and at worst entirely lacking in coherence, van der Veer andLehmann's Nation and Religion is striking both for the high quality of eachindividual essay it contains and for the depth and force of the overallargument that emerges from the volume as a whole.That argument is an important and provocative one: that modernity,contrary both to modernity's own depiction of itself and to much historiographyof the modem period, is not characterized by the eradication ofreligion's relevance to politics. On the contrary, the varied chapters in thisbook show religion to be a near-ubiquitous feature of the politicallandscape and discourse of the so-called "First" and "Third" Worlds alike.The volume is made up of ten chapters that together deal with therelationship between religion and politics in the Netherlands, Great Britain,India, and Japan. The fullest coverage is given to India, which isapproached from different perspectives in four different chapters: van derVeer's "The Mod State: Religion, Nation, and Empire in Victorian Britainand British India", Susan Bayly's "Race in Britain and India", ParthaChatterjee's "On Religious and Linguistic Nationalisms: The SecondPartition of Bengal", and Barbara Metcalf's "Nationalism, Modernity, andMuslim Identity in India before 1947". This particular focus on India is areflection both of van der Veer's own specific interests and training and ofthe fact that India - both British imperial and modem national - lends itselfparticularly well to analysis concerned with the interplay between religion,politics, and modem nationalisms.The British dimension of van der Veer and Bayly's chapters is expandedby Hugh McLeod in his contribution on "Protestantism and BritishNational Identity, 1815-1945". The volume also includes two chapters onthe Netherlands (Peter van Rooden's "History, the Nation, and Religion:The Transformations of the Dutch Religious Past", and Frans Groot's"Papists and Beggars: National Festivals and Nation Building in theNetherlands during the Nineteenth Century") and one on Japan (HarryHarmtunian's "Memory, Mouming, and National Morality: YasukuniShrine and the Reunion of State and Religion in Postwar Japan").Despite the diversity of time and place reflected in the volume, the essaysread remarkably well together as a whole - the result of a clearly-conceivedand carefully edited project. Additional coherence comes from the ...
Contemplation
Authors: Haque Amber
Published: October 2020

The book under review is a translated version of Badri's Arabic edition, AlTafakkur min al-Mushahadah ila al Shuhud, first published in Cairo in1991. This English text is intended for general readers as well as specialists,in the hopes of discussing and developing the author's ideas on Islamiccontemplation. The book is divided into nine chapters with a section ofnotes at the end of the book, bibliography, index of Qur'anic citations, anda general index.Chapter I deals with contemplation from a modern psychological perspective.It differentiates between Islamic contemplation and the meditationprocedures offered by secular psychology. While meditation is primarilyderived from eastern religions and aims at altering states of consciousness,Islamic contemplation is derived from Qur'anic injunctions and aimsto seek insightful knowledge of God as the Creator and Sustainer of the universe.Different schools of psychology are discussed in their inability tosuccessfully deal with inner cognitive thought and feelings. This, the authorcontends, is a logical outcome of psychology's constant attempt to claimitself as "science" and its neglect of people's consciousness, mentalprocesses, soul, and their spiritual essence. Although cognitive processesare now studied in psychology, modern psychology falls short of the spiritualvision of humankind and is obsessed with the "scientific" model, whileignoring the spiritual component, despite mounting evidence of its role inhuman lives.Chapter 2 summarizes the works of certain early Muslim scholars andattempts to give a rationale for contemplation based b oth on recent ...
Classical Arabic Biography
Authors: Stewart Devin
Published: October 2020

This outstanding study discusses the origins, development, and function ofpre-modern Arabic biography through an examination of the biographiesof four figures of the late second and early third Islamic centuries whoselife stories have been contested in interesting ways: the Abbasid caliph alMa'mun (r. 198-218 AH/813-833 AC). [Chapter 2]; the Shi'ite imam · Alial-Rid a ( d. 203 AH/818 AC) [Chapter 3, and an appendix on the circumstancesof his death]; the renowned scholar of Hadith, Ahmad ibn Hanbal(d. 241 AH/855 AC).[Chapter 4]; and the ascetic Bishr al-Hafi (d.227 AHi842 A C). [Chapter 5]. These figures were chosen because they lived duringthe same period and their careers intertwined and overlapped, thus bringingto the fore the contests over religious authority between the societalgroups they represented. Although the caliph al-Ma'mun is famous forhaving appointed 'Ali al-Rida, his heir apparent, a move which has puzzledmany historians, since he is also accused of murdering the Shi'iteimam.Ahmad ibn Hanbal's fame rests on his resistance to the Abbasid/Mu· tazili Inquisition which al-Ma'mun inaugurated: despite imprisonmentand flogging, he upheld the opinion that the Qur'an is eternal and not created.Bishr al-Hafi, the famous barefoot ascetic, was trained as a Hadithspecialist in his youth but gave it up for what he saw as a more moral life.The association of Bishr al-Hafi with lbn Hanbal, equally renowned for hisreligious scrupulousness, provides fertile ground for comments on the relativemerits of the groups and religious approaches that they represent.Chapter 1, "The Development of the Genre," addressing the history ofthe biographical genre, argues, following Tarif Khalidi and against the traditionallyaccepted view, that biography did not originate as a by-productof the Hadith scholars' obsession with isnad criticism. Rather, it originatedin the work of akhbaris or "collectors of reports," in essence the first historiansof the Islamic period, who drew on pre-Islamic oral models, combininggenealogies and name-lists with narrative material. Biographies, inCooperson's view, are fundamentally intertextual: the reader naturally comparesthe accounts in one biography with alternative versions presented inother texts. Each serves to mold and comment on the interpretation of ...
Perspectives on Islamic Law, Justice and Society
Authors: Fazili Yousra Y.
Published: October 2020

This short, 207 page book is a refreshing overview of Islamic legal principlesand new trends within Islamic societies. Though Islamic law has oftenbeen viewed as a sluggish monolith, it is actually a rather dynamic field.R.S. Khare has assembled a number of distinguished academics to discussIslamic law, not as a homogenous entity, but rather in light of the reality:that Islamic law is multi-faceted, varied, highly regional and must beviewed in light of historical changes.Thus, this collection of essays focuses upon the manner in whichIslamic law, as an organic law, is constantly reconciling historically changingsocio-economic conditions with modernity and technology. The collectionis organized in three parts. The first part outlines the concept oflslamiclaw, formal legal institutions and traditional .Islamic scholarship. The secondportion of the book focuses on the regionalism of lslamic law and themanner in which the colonial period had a provocative impact upon theevolution and endurance of certain Islamic legal institutions. The final portionof the collection uses two interesting cases in which modernity andtechnology are problematizing and calling for a fundamental rethinking ofseemingly "basic" principles.The unifying theme of the essays is the manner in which Islamic societiestoday are dealing with modernity and the manner in which technologicaladvancements and global changes affect Islamic societies and conceptswithin Islamic law. Though at times the collection seems fragmented due tothe different disciplines of the authors, this variety allows for a solid andnuanced understanding of the issues ...
Beacon of Knowledge
Authors: Kalin Ibrahim
Published: October 2020

Beacon of Knowledge: Conference in Honor of Seyyed Hossein Nasr washeld November 2-3, 2001 at the George Washington University, Washington,DC. The conference featured eight panels, thirty-six speakers, anexhibit of caJiigraphy and paintings, poetry recitation, and a concert of classicalPersian music. The conference drew a crowd of around two hundredpeople.The Beacon of Knowledge conference was convened to honor ProfessorSeyyed Hossein Nasr and his contributions to the field oflslamic and Iranianstudies, perennial philosophy, and the relations between Islam and the West.In his opening remarks, Stephen J. Trachtenberg, president of the GeorgeWashington University, underlined the importance of the scholarly career ofDr. Nasr in bridging the gaps between the sciences and humanities on theone hand, and Islam and the West, on the other. He also noted that theapproach Dr. Nasr advocates in the fields of culture and civilization hasgained further importance in the wake of the September 11th attacks onAmerica.The keynote speech was delivered by Keith Critchlow of the VisualIslamic and Traditional Arts Department (VITA) of the Prince of Wales'Foundation, London, UK. As an old friend and colleague of Dr. Nasr,Critchlow emphasized Dr. Nasr's contributions to the revival of the study oftraditional arts and the establishment of the VITA while at the same timeproviding insights into the personal friendship between him and Dr. Nasrover the last thirty years . Dr. Critchlow also made a wonderful presentationof the activities of VITA with slides and showed some remarkable examplesof the works of the students studying at VITA.The first panel of the conference was devoted to the personal testimoniesof some friends and students of Dr. Nasr. N. Assar; S. Nemitz; P.Felsenthal; A. al-Hibri; D. Burrell; and M. Shirazi talked about their friendshipswith Dr. Nasr, some of which go back to the 1940s and 1950s (before ...
Social Science's Need for a Cultural Symbols Paradigm
Authors: Dhaouadi Mahmoud
Published: October 2020

The thesis of this paper is that human beings are remarkably dis­tinct from other living beings (animals, birds, insects, etc.) and Artificial Jntelligence (Al) machines (computers, robots, etc.) by what we would like to call cultural symbols. The latter refers to such cultural components as language, science, knowledge, reli­gious beliefs, thought, myths, cultural norms and values.
Third Annual Conference of the Center for the Study of Islam and Democracy
Authors: White Svend W.
Published: October 2020

On April 6-7, 2002, the Center for the Study of Islam and Democracy(CSID) held its Third Annual Conference on the theme "Democratizationand Political Violence in Muslim Societies" just outside Washington, DC,at the Sheraton Crystal City Hotel in Arlington, Virginia. The conferencewas cosponsored by the Institute for Global Cultural Studies, StateUniversity of New York, Binghamton, NY, and the International Institute ofIslamic Thought (IIIT), VA.The conference got off to a lively start on Saturday morning with PanelOne: "Islam and Political Participation: Ideals, Actors, and Processes"which was chaired by Charles Butterworth of the University of Maryland,College Park. Asma Afsaruddin of the University of Notre Dame, IN,explored links between early Islamic discourse of the Khulafa 'a/-Rashidunera and modern Islamic conceptions of leadership in "Medieval IslamicDiscourse on Legitimate Leadership and its Modern Implications."Wanda Kruse of the University of Guelph, Canada, discussed theunderestimated role played by non-governmental political actors in theMiddle East in "Civil Society in the Democratization Process: A CaseStudy on Cairo Islamic Women's Organizations." Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad ofthe Minaret of Freedom Institute, MD, focused on the cases where democraticdecision-making in government enhanced law and order in earlyIslamic history in "The Anti-Correlation between Democracy and PoliticalViolence in the Experience of the Khulafa' al-Rashidun." Moataz A. Fattahof Cairo University closed the panel with an overview of empirical evidenceabout Muslims' attitudes towards democracy in "The Compatibilty ofMuslims' Beliefs and Democracy: Survey Results."Panel Two which was chaired by Jamal Barzinji of the InternationalInstitute of Islamic Thought had as its theme "Western Democracies andAuthoritarian Muslim Regimes: Understanding the Relationship." AuwaluHamisu Yadudu of Bayero University in no, Nigeria, analyzed the Shari'a ...
Governance and Corruption
Authors: Iqbal Zafar
Published: October 2020

This paper compares the Islamic and the western social scien­tific perspectives on corruption. Jt is argued that the emerging shift in social scientific thought in viewing corruption from "grease that oils the economic wheel" to a "menace that under­mines economic growth" has brought rational understanding of the phenomenon much closer to [slamic doctrine. Where they differ is with respect to remedial action. The western approach focuses on governance and designing appropriate systems and institutions that gear information and incentives toward minimiz­ing opportunities and enticement for corruption. In short, it emphasizes constraints external to the individual. By comparison, Islam seeks to go beyond such constraints, and also instill in believers a clear "second-order" preference for non­corrupt behavior. lt recommends developing a firm belief in transcendent accountability, stresses character building through practicing moral virtues and shunning vices. In essence, much of the restraint comes from within through a moral renovation. rt is our contention that both emphases are important in eliminating corruption and that the followers oflslam and the West can learn from one another.
Religion as the Source of Reconciliation among Civilizations
Authors: Akram Ejaz
Published: October 2020

The problem of using the category of civilization in much of the social science literature is so obvious that it necessitates a philo­sophical definition. The heart of every civilization is its primordial tradition. The life of every civilization is tied to the well-being and operativeness of those religious truths that it upholds as sacred. When the religion dies, its civilization also dies. This paper points to the errant "clash of civilizations" thesis and argues that the seat of a universal ist consensus cannot be modernity. Rather, it must be religious traditions. It further argues that resuscitating the western tradition is a prerequisite for reconciliation between Islamic soci­eties and the West, and finally, that the ideology of globalism is the wrong milieu for finding such a common platform.
Enemy in the Mirror
Authors: Bemhardsson Magnus T.
Published: October 2020

In recent months, the media has been saturated with endless discussions on Islamic fundamentalism. People with little or no training in Islamic studies have been paraded in front of viewers and readers presenting useless, and at times mindless, commentary on Islamic theology and fundamentalism.

Amid all this hyperbolic discussion, a refreshing and cogent analysis can be found in Roxanne L. Euben's excellent Enemy in the Mirror: Islamic Fundamentalism and the Limits of Modern Rationa lism. Euben, a Princeton Ph.D. who teaches political science at Wellesley College, offers a forceful illumination of Islamic fundamentalism, particularly the thought of Sayyid Qutb.In this serious and intelligent work of comparative politics and political theory, Euben seeks, through an interpretive approach, to understand the fundamentalists' own understanding of their meaning and purpose. She argues that Qutb's political thought is an indictment not only of western imperialism and colonialism, corrupt Middle Eastern governments, or modernity per se, "but also of modem forms of sovereignty and the western rationalist epistemology that justifies them." Euben maintains that Qutb's thought is neither unique nor idiosyncratic when compared to other Islamic fundamentalists. Yet she does not stop there - she argues that Qutb's critique of the modern condition shares many similarities with Christian fundamen­talists as well, and even with neoliberal political philosophers.

By situating Qutb in a crosscultural comparative context, Euben under­mines the perceived opposition between "us" and "them" or "Islam" and "the West." Instead, she maintains that Qutb and others should be viewed as part of an international thrust preoccupied with the "erosion of values, traditions, and meanings" that is seen as constitutive of post-Enlightenment modernity. Thus, Euben invites the reader to view Qutb and his theories through a critical analytical prism that is both instructive and enlightening.

Euben's book is divided into six chapters. The first two frame the gen­eral questions, define the key terms, and construct the book's methodology. It is clear that Euben is seeking to make sense, via a dense theoretical dis­course, of the rise of religious fundamentalism or what she calls "founda­tionalist political practice." This task is problematic, she argues, given that political science no longer sees any place for metaphysics in political life. This makes it difficult to interpret practices and actions guided by belief in divine truth. Furthermore, the discipline is grounded in a this-worldly scholarly discourse that finds "foundationalist political practice" a threat to modern politics and hence a menace to modem society (e.g., Samuel Huntington) ...