bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBUATAN ALAT UKUR DIAMETER OBJEK TIGA DIMENSI DENGAN SENSOR ULTRASONIK BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: Sujatmiko Sri Tunjung , Nurraharjo Eddy
Published: December 2020

Alat ukur merupakan benda yang sering dan banyak dibutuhkan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari, sebagai contoh adalah alat ukur diameter. Alat ukur diameter yang sering digunakan saat ini adalah jangka sorong dan micrometer sekrup, dimana dalam pengukurannya harus mengetahui rumus perhitungan pada alat tersebut. Hal ini kurang efektif dan efisien dalam mengkur sebuah diameter.

Dari permasalahan tersebut memunculkan sebuah gagasan untuk membuat alat ukur diameter objek tiga dimensi yang bertujuan mempermudah dalam mengukur diameter objek tiga dimensi dan dapat menjadi alternatif alat ukur diameter objek tiga dimensi lain dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

Objek tiga dimensi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kubus, karena sifat kubus yang berpermukaan rata sehingga dapat mempermudah dalam proses pengujian alat ukur nantiny. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Matematis Geometri yaitu dengan menerapkan rumus perhitungan matematika pada listing coding arduino untuk menemukan diameter objek yang diukur.

Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah alat ukur objek tiga dimensi berserta aplikasi android yang digunakan sebagai monitor atau layar untuk mengetahui data hasil pengukuran.
Artes y bienestar psicológico
Authors: Gilraldez-Hayes Andrea
Published: December 2020

La relación entre artes y bienestar ha sido reconocida en numerosos estudios, incluyendo aquellos realizados en ámbitos de la salud, la terapia o la educación. Desde la música a las artes visuales, pasando por el cine o la fotografía, las artes han sido y son recursos de primer orden no solo para la curación, sino sobre todo para la prevención y promoción de la salud y el bienestar psicológico. En este artículo, partiendo del reconocimiento del valor terapéutico de las artes, identificamos sus conexiones con los cinco elementos del modelo teórico de bienestar propuesto por Martin Seligman (PERMA) y sugerimos que las artes deben ser reconocidas como intervenciones positivas bajo el amplio paraguas de la Psicología Positiva.
Architecture and art
Authors: Jarocka Aleksandra
Published: December 2020

This article presents a perception of architecture in the context of an art. Juxtaposing the terms “architecture” and “art,” explaining them and presenting their mutual correlations contributes to deeper comprehension of the subject issue. Thanks to such an operation, the author of this article proves that, in spite of immense discrepancies of opinions published in the Internet, the typically technical discipline of science can also enchant us with its esthetic values. Although a major part of edifices situated in our environment are only hollow and soulless projections, there are still numerous places in the world that can be distinguished only thanks to outstanding premises, namely Sydney Opera. The article provides also a deep insight into various theses proving that both architects and artists look for an inspiration in the surrounding world, especially in the nature itself. In order to corroborate the aforementioned statements, the author of this paper mentions works of such architects as Jean Nouvel, Mies van der Rohe and Diller + Scofidio. However, there are still some designers who claim that architecture cannot be combined with art, since these two disciplines are completely different and have nothing in common with each other.
Aperture diameter dependences in GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with nano-height cylindrical waveguide formed by BCl3 dry etching
Authors: Iida Ryosuke , Ueshima Yusuke , Iwayama Sho , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Kamiyama Satoshi , Iwaya Motoaki , Akasaki Isamu , Kuramoto Masaru , Kamei Toshihiro
Published: December 2020

We demonstrated GaN-based vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) with 5–30 μm wide nano-height cylindrical waveguide formed by BCl3 etching. A 5 nm-depth etching with BCl3 showed the most efficient current blocking at the interface of the etched p++-GaN and an ITO electrode among the cases with BCl3, Ar, or O2, which could be due to not only etching damages but also diffused B atoms into the etched surface. While room-temperature continuous-wave operations of the VCSELs with the large apertures were demonstrated, maximum light output power values of the large aperture VCSELs seemed limited by nonuniform current injection and device thermal resistances.
建筑装饰装修工程施工技术要点分析
Authors: 袁 博
Published: December 2020

近年来，随着中国经济快速发展，人们生活条件日益改善，对工作和居住环境的要求也逐步提高。建筑装饰装修工程，不仅是对建筑工程的完善，也是对建筑设计工程的延伸。现阶段，装饰工程已经成为土木工程建设的重要组成内容。一般在工程主体结构竣工后，会借助适合的材料，从美观、耐用等角度对室内环境进行改造，以改善居住空间的生活质量。
燃气轮机发电设备的检修及运行策略
Authors: 安 有德
Published: December 2020

随着中国的社会经济的持续发展，对电力的需求也越来越大。强化发电设备的使用寿命以及增加发电设备的具体供应可以进一步保障供电的实施，不仅可以使设备对环境的污染减少，而且还可以增加发电设备的具体供应。
集束化护理干预在阑尾炎术后患者康复中的应用
Authors: 蓝 禾 , 黄 宝票
Published: December 2020

目的：探讨集束化护理干预在阑尾炎术后患者康复中的应用效果。方法：随机抽样法选取 2018 年 2 月至 2019 年 2月河池市人民医院 82 例阑尾炎术后患者。抽签法分组：对照组（41 例）给予常规护理服务，研究组（41 例）采用集束化护理服务。比较两组实施效果。结果：干预后，研究组 SAS（焦虑）、SDS（抑郁）评分低于对照组（P
Con los lanceros del emperador Maximiliano en México
Authors: Wodzicki Stanisław , Wodzicki Stanisław
Published: December 2020

This is the Spanish language edition Stanisław Wodzicki 1931's book "Z ułanami cesarza Maksymiliana do Meksyku". It was translated by Zygmunt Wojski and accompanied by introductions by Maria Paradowska and Joaquín R. González Martínez. Stanislaw Wodzicki was born in 1844 and died in 1931. The book is an account of his participation in emperor Maximilian´s military expedition to Mexico between 1864 and 1867.

Short description written by Michal Gilewski
Assessment of site for marine fish farming in Boca Ambuila, south central region of Cuba
Authors: Garcés-Rodrí­guez Yuliesky , Mazón -Suástegui José M. , Betanzos-Vega Abel , Rodrí­guez-Cruzata Pascual , Mercedes Isla-Molleda Mercedes
Published: December 2020

Assessment of marine sites is a priority task in the inventory of potential marine areas for fishfarming, which is important in terms of investment costs/operation and profitability derived from the growth andsurvival of the species to cultivate. In general, the oceanographic characteristics of the site determine the efficiency and technical, operational and economic feasibility of the crop. The potential of open coastal waters adjacentto the town of Boca Ambuila, Cienfuegos, south central region of Cuba was assessed. This was done on the basisof previous studies (2008), oceanographic surveys during dry and in rainy season (April to September 2011),a diurnal cycle of temperature, oxygen and measurement of currents in August 2011. Although average annualtemperature in the region is 27.6 to 28.8ºC, mean values of 27.5°C were recorded in April/2011 to 30.9°C in August/2011, and extreme values of dissolved oxygen of 6.9 mg and 4.9 mg L-1 respectively in April and September2011. The current site reported 10 to 15 cm s-1, but in August 2011 lower values were recorded, with an averageof 5.5 cm s-1. Salinity, pH, turbidity, chemical demand (COD) and biological (BOD5) oxygen, nutrients and otherhydro-meteorological variables, showed permissible ranges for culturing native fish. Based on the above, the sitemeets the basic environmental requirements for marine fish farming in floating cages. Plus, in the coastal landarea there is an aquaculture facility and suitable conditions for breeding, spawning and larval marine fish farmingin a controlled environment.
Effect of four different pretreatments in nitrogen and phosphorus flow and mass balance in effluents of a recirculating aquaculture system.
Authors: González -Hermoso Juan P. , Peña -Messina Emilio , Miranda -Baeza Anselmo , Martí­nez -Córdoba Luis R. , Gutiérrez -Wing Marí­a T. , Segovia Manuel
Published: December 2020

The effluents from intensive aquaculture operations such as recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) have high concentrations of sludge that can become a source of pollution if they are not properly treated and disposed. Anaerobic digestion is commonly used for biological degradation of sludge. Pretreatments prior to anaerobic digestion can enhance sludge degradation and decrease nitrogen and phosphorus load through microbial activity. This study examines the effect of four different pretreatments (biological, chemical, mechanical and thermal) in the N and P fluxes and mass balance from a RAS effluent in a seven-month period at ambient temperature. Each month a 15-day experiment was performed. All pretreatments, except chemical, removed N (thermal 29.78%, biological 36.75%, control 42.25%, mechanical 49.46%, chemical -7.68%). All pretreatments produced phosphorus (chemical 1.96%, mechanical 16.07%, thermal 24.37%, biological 32.39%, control 58.50%). Our results showed that the mechanical pretreatment was the most effective in removing N. In contrast, none of the pretreatments reduced P content in the sludge.
Climate effects in Abalone and Spiny lobster fisheries in Baja California, Mexico
Authors: Ortiz Jose Luis Castro , Del Proo Sergio Guzman
Published: December 2020

The abalone and lobster fisheries on the western coast of Baja California are economic activities ofgreat importance to the fishing communities settled along that coast. Its historical production from 1950 to 2001shows opposite trends. In the case of the lobster, the catch is upwards, while that of the abalone shows a continuousdownward trend, in addition to presenting minor oscillations. As a hypothesis, it is proposed that both the trendand the oscillations are due to the variation of the fishing effort and the environment acting simultaneously. Therefore, with the aim of weighing the sources of variability, a multiple correlation analysis was applied, considering additionally the seasonal and decennial effects. As environmental variables, indices were used: MultivariateENSO (MEI), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Oscillation Gyre Pacific North (OGPN), and local variablessuch as the Upwelling Index (U) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST). The results indicate that, in the case ofabalone, the downward trend of the catch and its variability are better explained by the environment; on the otherhand, in the case of lobster, the fishing effort turned out to be the most important factor. The minor oscillations arealso related to strong El Niño events for both resources.
In memoriam Francisco de Lachica Bonilla
Authors: Ochoa Báez Rosa Isabel
Published: December 2020

He was an appreciable companion, colleague and friend of Comunidad. He remained active until the day of his death due to illness, on February 2, 2019, in La Paz, B.C.S.
Updates in the Pathologic Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms: A Review of the World Health Organization Classification
Authors: Bai Yanhua , Kakudo Kennichi , Jung Chan Kwon
Published: December 2020

Advances in medical sciences and evidence-based medicine have led to momentous changes in classification and management of thyroid neoplasms. Much progress has been made toward avoiding overdiagnosis and overtreatment of thyroid cancers. The new 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of thyroid neoplasms updated the diagnostic criteria and molecular and genetic characteristics reflecting the biology and behavior of the tumors, and newly introduced the category of borderline malignancy or uncertain malignant potential. Some neoplasms were subclassified, renamed, or redefined as a specific entity. This review introduces changes in the fourth edition WHO classification of thyroid tumors and updates the contemporary diagnosis and classification of thyroid tumors. We also discuss several challenges with the proposal of new diagnostic entities, since they have unique histopathologic and molecular features and clinical relevance.
Histamine-1 Receptors Expression in Primary Pterygium Tissue is Higher than Normal Conjunctival Tissue
Authors: Yuliawati Putu , Dewi M. Cynthia , Djelantik A. A. A. Sukartini , Budhiastra Putu , Susila N. K. Niti , Dewiyani P. Cok Istri , Raka I. W. Gede , Arijana I. G. K. Nyoman
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Pterygium is an eye disease with multifactorial etiopathogenesis. Molecular factors such as cell proliferation and inflammatory mediators are associated with increased calcium mobilization and activation of nuclear factor kÎ² mediated by histamine-1 receptors (H1R).
AIM: This study aims to determine whether the expression of H1R primary pterygium tissue is higher than normal conjunctival tissue and the expression of H1R based on pterygium grades.
METHODS: This study was an analytic observational study with a case-control study approach at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali Mandara Eye Hospital, and Mangusada Hospital. The study was conducted from November 2017 to April 2018. The pterygium and conjunctival tissues obtained from 28 subjects in the same eye and examined for H1R expression by immunohistochemistry.
RESULT: The results of this study obtained 64.3% of women with a mean age of 54.2 Â± 7.8 years. There was no difference in mean H1R expression between pterygium grades in the final score (P = 0.759). There was a mean difference of H1R between primary pterygium (42.50) and normal conjunctival tissue (14.50) with P <0.001. Only tissue types affected the expression of H1R in the final score (B = 4.893; 95% CI 4.363-5.423; P <0.001).
CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the expression of H1R primary pterygium tissue was higher in primary pterygium than normal conjunctival tissue.
Fracture Resistance of Aged Full-Coverage All-Ceramic Zirconia and Metal-Ceramic Restorations of Implant-Supported Fixed Partial Dentures
Authors: Vafaee Fariborz , Hooshyarfard Amirarsalan , Shahbazi Armaghan , Fotovat Farnoush , Khoshhal Masoumeh , Heydari Shamsodin
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Metal-ceramics restorations were considered a preferable option for fabrication fixed partial dentures (FPDs) that have an acceptable durability, but they are not able to provide the same beauty as the entire ceramic material. Full-contour zirconia, such as Zolid, does not have problems with chipping of layered zirconia, along with translucency and staining capabilities.
AIM: This study aimed to assess the fatigue fracture strength of three-unit implant-supported full-contour zirconia and metal-ceramics posterior FPDs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro study, 24 posterior three-unit implant-supported FPDs were fabricated of full-contour zirconia and metal-ceramics and were cemented on implant abutments. To simulate the oral environment, FPDs were subjected to 10,000 thermal cycles between 5 and 55°C for 30 s and were then transferred to a chewing simulator (100,000 cycles, 50 N, 0.5 Hz). Afterward, fatigue fracture strength was measured using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test.
RESULTS: The obtained results showed that the mean and standard deviation of fatigue fracture strength was higher for the metal-ceramics group (2567.8 ± 689.7 N) compared to those for the full-coverage zirconia group (2108.6 ± 455.2 N). However, the difference was not statistically significant (p ˃ 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Fracture resistance due to fatigue in the metal-ceramics group was not significantly different from full-coverage zirconia group. Full-coverage zirconia seems promising as a metal-ceramics material for the fabrication of posterior three-unit FPDs.
Histopathological Changes of the Flaxseed Extract on Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Rabbits
Authors: Al-Ahmad B. E. Mustafa , Kashmoola M. A. , Jabbar Omar Abdul , Mokhtar K. I. , Mohamad N. , Rahim R. Abdul , Shaban Mustafa Nazih
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Wound healing includes phases such as cell migration, extracellular matrix deposition, remodeling, and angiogenesis. There are growing medicines that accelerate wound healing, significantly herbal medications that mainly safe and reliable.
AIM: The aim of the study is to examine the histological changes induced by flaxseed oil during wound healing in diabetic animal model.
METHODS: Forty-five male white New Zealand rabbits divided into two main groups diabetic and non-diabetic each group is divided into three groups (n = 9).Diabetic animal group include: (1) Study group (adding Flaxseed), (2) positive control group (adding fucidin 2% cream), and (3) negative control group (no treatment) same distribution of non-diabetic animals groups. Four linearshape,full-thickness wounds were made in both sides of the backbone skin in each animal. Tissue samples were obtained at days 4th, 7th, and 14th post wounding for microscopical analysis, histopathological parameters included inflammation, re-epithelialization, neovascularization, and surface closure rates.
RESULTS: The study groups (using flax seed) in both diabetic and non-diabetic groups show significant reduction in inflammatory cells infiltration at day 14 (0.67 ± 0.753) (1.67 ± 0.516), and noticeable increase in wound closure rate (4.00+-0.000). Both diabetic and non-diabetic animal groups show high re-epithelialization potential at day 4 and day 7, respectively (2.00 ± 1.549; 4.00 ± 0.00). Diabetic animal study group using flaxseed shows high neovascularization rate at the day 14 (2.17 ± 0.753) compared with positive control diabetic animal group (2.00 ± 0.000).
CONCLUSION: Topical application of flaxseed promoted healing process particularly in diabetic animal model by shortening inflammation phase, elevating surface closure rate, promoting re-epithelialization process, and enhancing neovascularization, flaxseed is suggested as a potential effective herbal base medication for facilitating wound healing.
Dialectique de la personne et de l’experiencing
Authors: Karyagina Tatiana , Vasilyuk Fyodor E. , Ducroux-Biass Françoise
Published: December 2020

La relation entre centration sur la personne et centration sur l’expérience immédiate intérieure, ou « experiencing », est historiquement complexe et la tendance la plus fréquente est de mettre les deux en concurrence. Cependant, chacune existe et a sa pleine place dans la pratique thérapeutique centrée sur la personne. Une pratique tenant compte exclusivement d’une seule de ces deux dimensions serait déséquilibrée. Leur interrelation est de ce fait à repenser de manière à parvenir à ne plus les considérer comme séparées. La personne est l’auteure de son experiencing, elle entre en relation avec, dans une dynamique et non de manière figée. Le processus thérapeutique, pour être complet, se doit d’intégrer ces deux pôles que sont la personne et l’experiencing dans une seule et même dimension globale.
Rogers et Goldstein en retour : la personne actualisante répondant au trauma et à la perte
Authors: Crisp Ross , Alleaume Baptiste
Published: December 2020

Le concept d’actualisation de Carl Rogers est discuté en relation avec le concept d’actualisation de soi du neuropsychiatre Kurt Goldstein. Ces deux concepts expliquent la capacité inhérente à l’organisme de se développer dans l’adversité. Il est avancé que la perspective organismique de Rogers est compatible avec les éléments existentiels-ontologiques de la conception holistique et biologique de l’organisme humain de Goldstein. Il existe cependant une différence fondamentale entre leurs métaphores de l’autoguérison, qui est le reflet de perspectives philosophico-existentielles et de milieux cliniques différents. La métaphore de l’autoguérison de Rogers renvoie à l’experiencing organismique du client dans la relation thérapeutique, tandis que celle de Goldstein fait référence au patient et à la pathologie comme une indication de variations légitimes du processus normal d’autorégulation. Leurs concepts d’actualisation sont étudiés en relation avec six dimensions existentielles-ontologiques de l’expérience humaine. Il est soutenu qu’ils fournissent une compréhension plus profonde de l’experiencing des individus que les modèles biomédicaux dominants de la maladie. Ce processus est illustré en s’appuyant sur les expériences rapportées par des personnes ayant une lésion cérébrale traumatique, au sujet de leur rétablissement et de leur évolution post-traumatique.
« Le TER nous met à terre. » Le Sénégal sur les rails de l’émergence ?
Authors: Kopf Charline , Périer Miriam
Published: December 2020

Le Train Express Régional (TER) du Sénégal cristallise les débats relatifs à la promesse d’émergence et à ses limites, tant matérielles que discursives. Analyser l’écart qui existe entre la vision de la croissance présentée par les dirigeants et la réalité du chantier toujours inachevé à ce jour permet de souligner les effets des politiques de l’émergence sur la prise de décision et la relation entre l’État et les citoyens. Ces politiques, caractérisées par une centralisation de l’intervention étatique, s’inscrivent dans la continuité de logiques néolibérales. La multitude des acteurs impliqués dans le projet du TER engendre un manque de coordination qui désavantage les plus pauvres, physiquement et métaphoriquement pris entre plusieurs méga-infrastructures censées les projeter dans un avenir radieux. La critique de l’émergence revêt toutefois des formes variées, plus ou moins visibles et nuancées. Certes, le désaccord face au projet d’infrastructures tel qu’il est mené fait partie des dynamiques de constitution de l’État, mais les réactions des différents acteurs interrogent ici plus spécifiquement la notion de bien public et de croissance inclusive du Plan Sénégal Émergent.
La religion au travail : quelles situations d’interaction entre salariés pratiquants et managers ?
Authors: Honoré Lionel
Published: December 2020

La recherche présentée dans cet article vise à caractériser les interactions entre salariés pratiquants et managers lorsqu’elles sont marquées par le fait religieux. À cet effet, nous étudions comment, dans les situations de travail, l’expression de la religiosité du salarié et sa prise en compte par le management s’articulent. Nous mobilisons pour cela une grille d’analyse interactionniste. Nous nous appuyons sur l’analyse du contenu d’entretiens de recherche réalisés auprès de salariés pratiquants et de managers rencontrant la question du fait religieux dans leur situation de travail. Nous identifions quatre types de situations et analysons les problématiques de management qui en découlent.
Il est temps d’analyser la loi d’Okun et le bien-être des ménages en termes de production domestique
Authors: Gardes François , Alpman Anil
Published: December 2020

Une généralisation du modèle d’allocation du temps de Gary Becker (supposant un coût d’opportunité du temps endogène) permet d’explorer la substitution des dépenses monétaires et des temps alloués par les ménages provoquée par des modifications importantes de leur revenu, en période de forte expansion ou de récession. Cette analyse définit un multiplicateur positif de revenu et un diviseur négatif des temps alloués à la production domestique, et permet d’explorer un fondement microéconomique possible de la loi d’Okun ainsi qu’une diminution de l’effet négatif des récessions sur le bien-être des ménages. Classification JEL  : D13, E32, I31, J22.
Logement et accès aux services de base dans les bidonvilles d’Abidjan
Authors: Koné Noukignon , Laré Amandine , Briand Anne
Published: December 2020

L’article analyse l'impact de l’accès à des services de base sur le prix des loyers dans les bidonvilles d’Abidjan. À l’aide d’un modèle économétrique basé sur la méthode des prix hédoniques, nous soutenons que les loyers des logements équipés de latrines améliorées, raccordés au réseau d'eau et/ou d'électricité sont relativement plus élevés. Contre toutes attentes, l'existence d’un service organisé de ramassage des ordures ménagères n'a pas d'impact sur ces loyers. Si différentes raisons expliquent ce résultat, il démontre principalement l’existence d’une sous-valorisation des bénéfices associés à l’accès à ce service de base. Lorsque les ménages tireront satisfaction de ce service et en percevront tous les gains escomptés, la valorisation monétaire de l’accès à un service de collecte des déchets affectera probablement la valeur locative des logements. Classification JEL  : O55, O18, I31, R21
Les dessinateurs dans l’industrie du jeu vidéo en Corée du Sud
Authors: Paberz Chloé
Published: December 2020

À partir de matériaux de terrain recueillis entre 2009 et 2019 dans une entreprise de jeux vidéo en Corée du Sud, cet article entend contribuer à documenter les mondes de production du jeu vidéo en analysant la place du jeu vidéo dans la construction des carrières de manhwaga (dessinateur) dans une perspective anthropologique. Considérant qu’ils ne sont que de passage dans l’industrie vidéoludique, les manhwagas cherchent à y ménager des temps dédiés à l’apprentissage et au raffinement patient du geste, ce qui invite à envisager leurs postes comme des échelons permettant de développer des savoir-faire jugés nécessaires pour rejoindre des secteurs plus valorisés comme celui de la bande dessinée.
Assurer la qualité d’un objet inachevé
Authors: Besenval Maxime
Published: December 2020

Souvent considérée comme une simple porte d’entrée dans les carrières du secteur et reléguée à un statut marginal et subalterne, l’activité de testeur, en fait peu documentée en situation, repose sur des pratiques d’exploration et de codification d’informations sur les défaillances des versions intermédiaires du produit ( builds ), afin d’en garantir la stabilité et la qualité. Leur contribution aux mondes de la création de jeu vidéo, essentielle à la coordination et à l’accomplissement de nombreux actes productifs, est ainsi largement invisibilisée. Notre enquête dans un studio de développement permet de mettre au jour la production par ces acteurs d’artefacts numériques qui naissent d’un rapport sensible et intime au produit, et jouent un rôle structurant dans l’articulation entre les contributions et les objets techniques de ce réseau.
Des concepteurs de jeu vidéo à l’université
Authors: Potier Victor
Published: December 2020

Parmi les mondes de production du jeu vidéo, le monde universitaire est peu connu. Pourtant, des chercheurs de toute discipline s’activent depuis des années à la production d’une nouvelle forme de jeu vidéo : les « serious games ». Destinés à l’apprentissage, ils sont présentés par leurs concepteurs comme une nouvelle catégorie d’innovation pédagogique. Cette contribution étudie les choix techniques, politiques et scientifiques qui prévalent à la conception, à la production et à la valorisation institutionnelle de cinq jeux sérieux en France et en Suisse. Leur conception consiste à développer des infrastructures, des catégories et des outils communs entre des acteurs issus de mondes professionnels divers qui inventent, autour de l’idée d’apprendre en jouant, des façons de travailler ensemble. Le suivi de différents projets de « serious games » révèle alors un important travail catégoriel de définition des « serious games », qui traduit des pratiques d’entrepreneuriat universitaire significatives de transformations plus larges de l’activité académique.
L’émergence des écosystèmes de contenus numériques en Chine
Authors: Simon Jean-Paul
Published: December 2020

Les TICs ont été au cœur de la croissance de l’économie chinoise, donnant lieu à la création de sociétés Internet robustes. Ces sociétés ont assuré leur développement domestique en fournissant une large gamme de services dont les jeux vidéo auront été les principaux et les plus populaires. Elles ont introduit des modèles d’affaires innovants comme les jeux « freemium », les articles et cadeaux virtuels. À la suite de leur tournant mobile, ces sociétés se sont progressivement transformées en plateformes de distribution d’une constellation d’« apps » et de contenus numériques. Elles se sont récemment lancées à la conquête des marchés internationaux, à la recherche de nouveaux débouchés. L’article offre un historique du marché vidéoludique chinois (structure du marché, principaux acteurs, etc.). Il souligne le rôle des contenus locaux (localisation) et des pratiques sociales (communautés). Il montre comment mobile et jeux vidéo ont conduit à la création d’un écosystème englobant de contenus numériques.
Philharmonies. Les amateurs et la vie musicale française du premier XIX e siècle
Authors: Jardin Étienne
Published: December 2020

Au début du xix e  siècle, la vie musicale des villes françaises se réorganise par le biais de « sociétés philharmoniques ». Fondées par des amateurs, généralement secondés par des musiciens professionnels, ces structures fleurissent sur l’ensemble du territoire. Leur activité est principalement orientée vers le concert — formation d’un orchestre, mise en place d’événements réguliers, choix du répertoire —, mais ne s’y limite pas : elles prennent également la forme de sociétés savantes, publiant mémoires et brochures et encourageant les études musicales. Héritières des pratiques d’Ancien Régime, les sociétés philharmoniques dessinent aussi un nouveau modèle, en élargissant notamment leur base sociale de recrutement et en se tournant vers des sources de financement autres que le mécénat. Pour comprendre ce mouvement artistique, il faut revenir à la définition même de « l’amateur » en musique.
Trois peintres de Lune. Des amateurs entre art, science et vulgarisation
Authors: Guignard Laurence
Published: December 2020

L’article s’intéresse à trois artistes qui ont initié des formes scientifiques novatrices de figuration de la lune : John Russell (actif entre la fin du xviii e  siècle et le début du xix e ), Étienne Léopold Trouvelot (1850-1895) et Lucien Rudaux (1890-entre-deux-guerres). Exerçant comme artistes professionnels aux marges des institutions astronomiques professionnelles, ils forment une catégorie d’amateurs de sciences. La confrontation de leurs parcours, l’analyse de leurs compétences et de leur position dans le champ du savoir, est ainsi susceptible d’éclairer à la fois certains aspects des métamorphoses de l’amateurisme liés aux transformations des contextes sociaux et scientifiques de l’astronomie professionnelle et la place qu’y conservent les artistes, mais aussi leur rôle dans l’élaboration de savoirs singuliers aux limites des arts et des sciences.
La raison des rosomanes. Les sciences naturelles dans le Journal des Roses à la fin du XIX e siècle
Authors: Oghina-Pavie Cristiana
Published: December 2020

Le Journal des Roses. Rosa inter Flores est un magazine horticole créé en 1877. Il s’adresse aux connaisseurs des rosiers, autant horticulteurs marchands qu’amateurs de jardinage. Par sa spécialisation, le Journal permet de saisir les caractéristiques d’un espace de savoirs dans lequel les connaissances scientifiques sont mobilisées de manière sélective, en fonction de leur adéquation avec les préoccupations pratiques et culturelles des connaisseurs. L’exemple de la sélection des nouvelles variétés de rosiers montre que les contours de cet espace de savoirs sont remodelés sous l’influence conjointe des changements techniques et esthétiques à la fin du xix e  siècle.
Leopold Rütimeyer et la naissance du musée ethnographique de Bâle. Trajectoires d’amateurs et institutions à la fin du XIX e siècle
Authors: Reubi Serge
Published: December 2020

Cet article cherche à identifier les modalités selon lesquelles, dans les sciences humaines de la fin du xix e  siècle, l’amateur se distingue du scientifique. À travers l’examen de la collection d’ethnographie réunie par le médecin bâlois Leopold Rütimeyer et deux de ses amis naturalistes en 1889, qu’ils mettent en valeur pour justifier la création d’un musée ethnographique à Bâle, on montre que le fait d’être nommé « amateur » dépend de façon privilégiée du lien que l’on établit avec une institution et de la nature celle-ci : les institutions institutionnalisent. Je rappelle également que le poids donné à l’institution souligne l’importance de l’État dans l’établissement des catégories « amateur » ou « spécialiste » : c’est lui qui, à travers elle, hiérarchise les pratiques et les types d’acteurs, soulignant ainsi son rôle capital dans l’établissement des sciences contemporaines.
Don Quijote y Calisto Elói: intervencionistas extemporáneos
Authors: Cuiñas Gómez Macarena
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo estudia la comparación del comportamiento de dos personajes literarios ante un conflicto moral: uno en la España del siglo XVII y otro en el Portugal del XIX. Cómo intervienen en el conflicto, las consecuencias que provocan y cómo lo cuenta el narrador de cada historia.
Judíos y judeoconversos en el negocio de la lana y los paños en Soria: siglos XIV-XVII
Authors: Diago Hernando Máximo
Published: December 2020

Estudio sobre el papel que judíos y judeoconversos desempeñaron en la economía de la ciudad de Soria en un período de larga duración, desde el siglo xiv hasta fines del siglo XVII. Se basa en la valoración comparativa de los resultados de estudios monográficos previos, y en el análisis de una abundante documentación de archivo inédita de los siglos XVI y XVII. Se pone en conexión el arraigo de familias portuguesas de origen judeoconverso en Soria en las décadas finales del siglo XVI, fenómeno que hasta ahora no había sido objeto de valoración por parte de la historiografía, con las realidades previas de fuerte presencia judía y judeoconversa en esta ciudad. Se resalta que las actividades económicas en que despuntaron estos portugueses coinciden con las practicadas por judíos y judeoconversos en las centurias previas, todas ellas propias del grupo social convencionalmente identificado como «clase media».
Gonzalo García de Santa María, de Zaragoza, casa con Violante de Bellviure, de Valencia. Estrategias matrimoniales conversas
Authors: Hinojosa Montalvo José
Published: December 2020

En 1391 y 1413 buena parte de los judíos de los reinos de Valencia y Aragón se convirtieron por la fuerza al cristianismo, y entre ellos los Bellviure y los Santa María, que con el paso del tiempo se integraron entre los ciudadanos honrados de Valencia y Zaragoza, respectivamente, llegando a gozar de una destacada posición social y económica. La boda de Violante de Bellviure, de Valencia, con Gonzalo García de Santa María, de Zaragoza, nos permite descubrir a través de la carta dotal de la primera y la donación de bienes del segundo diversos aspectos de las relaciones entre los conversos de Valencia y Zaragoza, el nivel de riqueza y las estrategias matrimoniales de ambas familias.
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase RNF114 Inhibits Innate Immune Response to Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus Infection in Sea Perch by Targeting MAVS and TRAF3 to Mediate Their Degradation
Authors: Xiang Yangxi , Zhang Wanwan , Jia Peng , Lu Xiaobing , Liu Wei , Yi Meisheng , Jia Kuntong
Published: December 2020

RIG-I–like receptor (RLR)–mediated antiviral signaling is critical to trigger the immune response to virus infection; however, the antiviral responses are also tightly regulated to avoid uncontrolled production of type I IFN by various mechanisms, including ubiquitination. In this study, an E3 ubiquitin ligase ring finger protein 114 (RNF114) from sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) (LjRNF114) was identified as a suppressor of RLR signaling pathways during red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection. RGNNV infection promoted the expression of LjRNF114. Overexpression of LjRNF114 enhanced RGNNV replication, whereas knockdown of LjRNF114 led to opposite effects. Type I IFN production induced by RGNNV was suppressed by LjRNF114, which is dependent on its ubiquitin ligase activity. Moreover, LjRNF114 inhibited IFN promoter activation induced by key signaling molecules in RLR signaling pathways. We observed the interactions between LjRNF114 and both sea perch mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) and TNFR-associated factor 3 (TRAF3). Domain mapping experiments indicated that the RING and ubiquitin interacting motif domains of LjRNF114 were required for its interaction with TRAF3 and MAVS. We found that LjRNF114 targeted MAVS and TRAF3 for K27- and K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation, resulting in the inhibition of IFN production. Taken together, our study reveals, to our knowledge, a novel mechanism that LjRNF114 targets and promotes K27- and K48-linked ubiquitination of MAVS and TRAF3 to negatively regulate the RLR signaling pathways, promoting viral infection.
Sex Differences in Macrophage Responses to Obesity-Mediated Changes Determine Migratory and Inflammatory Traits
Authors: Chen Kuan-Hui Ethan , Lainez Nancy M , Coss Djurdjica
Published: December 2020

The mechanisms whereby obesity differentially affects males and females are unclear. Because macrophages are functionally the most important cells in obesity-induced inflammation, we sought to determine reasons for male-specific propensity in macrophage migration. We previously determined that male mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit macrophage infiltration into the hypothalamus, whereas females were protected irrespective of ovarian estrogen, in this study, we show that males accumulate more macrophages in adipose tissues that are also more inflammatory. Using bone marrow cells or macrophages differentiated in vitro from male and female mice fed control or high-fat diet, we demonstrated that macrophages derived from male mice are intrinsically more migratory. We determined that males have higher levels of leptin in serum and adipose tissue. Serum CCL2 levels, however, are the same in males and females, although they are increased in obese mice compared with lean mice of both sexes. Leptin receptor and free fatty acid (FFA) receptor, GPR120, are upregulated only in macrophages derived from male mice when cultured in the presence of FFA to mimic hyperlipidemia of obesity. Unless previously stimulated with LPS, CCL2 did not cause migration of macrophages. Leptin, however, elicited migration of macrophages from both sexes. Macrophages from male mice maintained migratory capacity when cultured with FFA, whereas female macrophages failed to migrate. Therefore, both hyperlipidemia and hyperleptinemia contribute to male macrophage-specific migration because increased FFA induce leptin receptors, whereas higher leptin causes migration. Our results may explain sex differences in obesity-mediated disorders caused by macrophage infiltration.
Derivatives of symplectic eigenvalues and a Lidskii type theorem
Authors: Jain Tanvi , Mishra Hemant Kumar
Published: December 2020

Associated with every
$2n\times 2n$
real positive definite matrix
$A,$
there exist n positive numbers called the symplectic eigenvalues of
$A,$
and a basis of
$\mathbb {R}^{2n}$
called the symplectic eigenbasis of A corresponding to these numbers. In this paper, we discuss differentiability and analyticity of the symplectic eigenvalues and corresponding symplectic eigenbasis and compute their derivatives. We then derive an analogue of Lidskii’s theorem for symplectic eigenvalues as an application.
Experience with Diversity is Not Enough: A Pedagogical Framework for Teacher Candidates that Centers Critical Race Consciousness
Authors: Lee Alice Y. , Lee Amos J.
Published: December 2020

Given the overwhelming whiteness of teacher education, we offer a pedagogical approach rooted in critical race theory, and draw on Carter’s (2008) notions of critical race consciousness to: 1) center a critical race perspective in methods-based coursework; and 2) employ critical race theory to analyze the function and role of clinical fieldwork. In this article, we provide examples of how we engage white teacher candidates to preemptively take stock of their own racial journey and biases prior to being responsible for educating students of color. We also focus on the process of selecting clinical placements and assignments. We explicate how current selection criteria for clinical sites and cooperating teachers are undergirded by systems of white supremacy, and problematize the reality of majority white clinical placements. We further provide suggestions for teacher education programs that pay particular attention to the roles and responsibilities of white teacher educators and predominantly white teacher education programs.
AQUATIC VEGETATION OF SHALLOW HYPERTROPHIC LAKE IN DIFFERENT HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Rusanov A. , Terekhov A.
Published: December 2020

Comparison of the distribution of aquatic vegetation in shallow hypertrophic Lake Nero (Yaroslavl oblast, Russia) in different hydrological conditions – during low water phase in 2002–2004 and water level rise in 2017 is presented. The total area covered by aquatic vegetation increased from 14.8 km2 in 2000–2004 to 15.8 km 2 in 2017. Correspondingly, the lake area covered by macrophytes showed its increase from 27% to 29%. The observed increase in the total plant coverage was mainly driven by helophytes which increased in the coverage area from 8.4 km2 to 11.2 km2. The coverage area of submerged vegetation during this period decreased from 5.4 km2 to 3.6 km2. Potamogeton perfoliatus showed the highest reduction in the coverage area by factor of 2.6 in the central part of the lake. In contrast, the coverage area of Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum verticillatum did not change mostly in the shallow, southern part of the lake. The analysis of literature and our data revealed that increase in water level due to building a dam on the River Veksa in the 1980s and impact of climatic factors had a negative influence on submerged vegetation. Thus, the high water level is one of the mechanisms stabilising the ecosystem of the Lake Nero in the turbid, phytoplankton-dominated state.
Management of Blockchain Based Hybrid P2P Energy Trading Market
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of EEE Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Kumar R. Jegadeesh
Published: December 2020

In the local energy trade market peer to peer energy trading and generation of local energy can condense the cost of energy consumption and harmful gases emission ( results in to generate the energy at consumer’s end the renewable energy sources are used) and rise the resilience of smart grid. However, privacy issues and trust may available in the trading of local energy with peers. To manage the energy trading a centralized system can be utilized but it faces the several issues and also it promotes the overall system cost. In this tabloid, based on the blockchain system a hybrid P2P energy trading market is proposed. This system totally decentralized and this system allows that members in trading market can able to interact with each other member and can able to trade the energy without the third party involvement. In the blockchain based energy exchange market the smart agreements play a vital role. Smart agreements follows the all the essential rules in the energy trading. To develop the hybrid electricity exchange market the 3 smart agreements are proposed in this tabloid. The three smart agreements are Main Smart agreement, P2P smart agreement and Producer to Grid smart agreement. Initially the market member interacts with main smart agreement and for further process it follows the other 2 smart agreements. The implementation of an efficient hybrid energy exchange market is the main objective of this tabloid and also reduces the cost of energy and peak to average ratio of electricity.
ORGANIZAÇÃO PARA COOPERAÇÃO DE XANGAI E O COMBATE AO TERRORISMO
Authors: Marreiro Matheus Moraes Alves , Pereira Cabral Ricardo
Published: December 2020

A cooperação para o combate ao terrorismo, ao separatismo e ao extremismotem sido a preocupação central da Organização para Cooperação de Xangai (OCX),fundada em 2001. No ano de 2017, a Índia e o Paquistão passaram a integrara organização de modo permanente. Entretanto, os dois países apresentamrivalidades históricas desde suas formações como Estados Modernos, em 1947,devido à disputa do território fronteiriço da região de Jammu e Caxemira. Alémdisso, apresentam divergências em temas relacionados à agenda de segurança daOCX, mais especificamente, ao combate de grupos terroristas que atuam no Vale daCaxemira. A datar desse contexto, este artigo busca investigar a Organização paraCooperação de Xangai e sua Estrutura Regional Antiterrorista desde o neoliberalismoinstitucionalista de Robert Keohane, buscando identificar os desafios e possíveiscontribuições para a construção da cooperação visando ao combate do terrorismoentre Índia e Paquistão.
AGRICULTURA COMO COMPONENTE DA POLÍTICA DE SEGURANÇA NACIONAL BRASILEIRA
Authors: Pérez Daniel Vidal , Lameiras Fortunato Lobo
Published: December 2020

As fatalidades derivadas da fome podem superar as mortes em uma guerraconvencional. Por isso, a alimentação de uma nação deveria ser consideradacomo assunto da Segurança Nacional. No entanto, o conceito de SegurançaNacional só evoluiu nessa direção com o fim da Guerra Fria e com a percepçãopública de que as Mudanças Globais poderiam exacerbar tensões relacionadasà escassez de alimentos e água. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho apresentauma evolução conceitual da questão alimentar dentro do contexto da SegurançaNacional. A situação do Brasil é contrastada para cenários internacionaisdescritos em literatura na tentativa de ganhar maior atenção do Ministério deDefesa em relação a agricultura brasileira, devido ao seu importante papel nascinco expressões do poder nacional.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PASIR DAN TALI KOOR UNTUK MENEMUKAN RUMUS VOLUME DAN LUAS PERMUKAAN BOLA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Maqsudah Binti
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan  memaparkan pemanfaatan media pasir dan tali koor dalam pembelajaran Matematika, khususnya materi menentukan rumus volume dan luas permukaan bola. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian tindakan kelas dengan pendekatan deskriptif, yaitu penelitian yang mencoba menggambarkan situasi yang terjadi pada objek penelitian jika diberikan suatu perlakuan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga siklus dengan subjek penelitian siswa yang berjumlah 27 siswa. Hasil penelitian tindakan kelas di kelas IXH MTsN Malang I, menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematika. Peningkatan tersebut antara lain adanya perbedaan antara nilai awal dengan nilai akhir. Pada tes awal nilai minimum 25, nilai tertinggi 90 dan nilai rata-rata 75,6. Setelah perlakuan dengan menerapkan pembelajaran kontekstual, terjadi peningkatan. Pada tes akhir, nilai minimum 60, nilai tertinggi 95 dan nilai rata-rata 83,9.This study aims to describe the use of sand media and choir in Mathematics learning, especially the material for determining the volume formula and surface area of a ball. This research includes classroom action research with a descriptive approach, namely research that tries to describe the situation that occurs in the object of research if given a treatment. This study consisted of three cycles with student research subjects totaling 27 students. The results of classroom action research in class IXH MTsN Malang I indicated an increase in students' ability in solving math problems. This increase included the difference between the initial and final values. On the initial test the minimum score was 25, the highest score was 90 and the mean score was 75.6. After treatment by applying contextual learning, there was an increase. On the final test, the minimum score was 60, the highest score was 95 and the mean score was 83.9.
TO SUSTAINABLE FUNCTIONING OF THE TRANSPORTATION COMPLEX IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
Authors: Tsyganov Vladimir Victorovich , Savushkin Sergey Alexandrovich , Gavkalyuk Bogdan Vasilyevich
Published: December 2020

New challenges and threats to the transport complex are caused by dangerous changes in the external environment, including a pandemic, climate change, and heightened global competition. These changes can lead to emergency situations and deterioration in the functioning of the transport complex. In the face of such dangerous changes, the efficiency, safety and stability of the functioning of the transport complex should be based on training, adaptation and self-organization.