bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Helicobacter pylori infection in children with immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Ragab S. M. , El-Hawy M. A. , Awad S. M. , Soliman W. A. , Mahmoud A. A.
Published: October 2023

To detect the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and immune thrombocytopenia in children and adolescents. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common bleeding disorder in childhood. H. pylori is a widespread organism that is present in about 50% of the global population. There is an obvious relation between helicobacter pylori infection and chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 95 patients with ITP who were recruited from the Hematology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Menoufia University Hospital in the period from June 2021 to June 2022. The age of the patients ranged between 3.5 and 7.5 years. Fifty-five of them were males and 40 were females. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University. Out of the studied ITP children, 62 (65.3%) were positive for H. pylori antigen in stool, and 33 (34.7%) were negative. There was a significant difference between H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients regarding the grade of bleeding at presentation; 51 (82.3%) H. pylori-positive patients presented with grade 3 bleeding, 35 (56.5%) of them presented with skin and gum bleeding, 16 (25.8%) presented with skin bleeding and epistaxis. There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of recovery between H. pylorinegative patients (78.8%) and H. pylori-positive patients (22.6%). There was a significant rise in the platelet count in H. pylori-positive patients after the treatment of H. pylori. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in ITP pediatric patients was 65.3%. There was a significant rise in the platelet count in H. pylori-positive ITP children after the treatment of H. pylori.
Association between the levels of serum vitamin D and trace elements and joint health in children with hemophilia
Authors: Mahmoud A. A.S. , Sharaf A. E.A. , Bayomy N. R.M. , Abdel Nour B. S.T. , Mahmoud A. A.
Published: October 2023

Hemophilia is defined as X-linked recessive bleeding disorder. Recurrent bleeding episodes lead to hemarthrosis.

Objectives: to investigate the levels of serum 25(OH) D and trace elements in children with hemophilia A and B and to identify the possible association of these factors with Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS). This case-control study was conducted among children with hemophilia A and B. A total of 48 cases were recruited from the hematology units at the Menoufia University Hospital (n = 36) and Sohag University Hospital (n = 12) from December 2020 to February 2022. Forty healthy controls were matched to cases on age, sex and socioeconomic status. Serum zinc and magnesium levels in the hemophilia patients were significantly lower than in the controls, while serum alkaline phosphatase levels in the cases were significantly higher than in the controls. Informed consent was obtained from all the children's parents and ethical approval was acquired from the ethical committee (ID: 5/2020PEDI38), Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University. The levels of phosphorus and calcium were the same in two groups. Serum 25(OH) D levels were deficient in 85.4% of the cases and insufficient in 14.6%. None of the hemophilia patients had sufficient levels of serum 25(OH) D. There was no significant correlation between HJHS and the levels of serum trace elements but there was a significant positive correlation between HJHS and annualized bleeding rate and a significant negative correlation between HJHS and serum vitamin D. There was no significant difference regarding the demographic data except for weight and body mass index. The patients had significantly higher weight and body mass index compared to the control group. The levels of serum vitamin D and trace elements were decreased in hemophilia patients, and these low values were associated with the worst joint health.
Using immature platelet fraction as a factor in deciding on the need for platelet transfusions
Authors: Markelov M. I. , Plyasunova S. A.
Published: October 2023

Our study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of immature platelet fraction (IPF) and its role in deciding whether to transfuse platelets. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. We monitored this hematologic parameter in 6 patients before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). For the study, we used whole blood collected in K EDTA tubes. IPF levels were measured by flow cytometry on the automated hematology analyzer SYSMEX XE-2100 (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan). The presence of platelet antibodies was detected using Capture-P Ready-Screen solid phase system for the detection of antibodies to platelets and the NEO Blood Bank Analyzer by Immucor, Inc. It was shown that the use of IPF enabled an early establishment of platelet engraftment and helped to make more a reasoned decision regarding the transfusion of platelets. It was established that if a rise in IPF > 6% was not accompanied by an increase in platelet count, serum platelet antibody testing was needed. IPF can help diagnose platelet engraftment failure following HSCT and thus eliminate the need for bone marrow aspiration. IPF is of great clinical importance; if adopted as a routine hematologic parameter, it can serve as an additional factor in deciding on the need for platelet transfusions and platelet antibody testing and subsequent personalized selection of platelets.
Bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension does not provide improved pain control in dogs undergoing abdominal surgery
Authors: Hixon Leah P. , Wallace Mandy L. , Appleton-Walth Kate , Shetler Samantha , Aiello Jacob S. , Durocher Emily , Cook Candice , Grimes Janet A. , Sutherland Brian J. , Schmiedt Chad W.
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the difference in postoperative pain scores of dogs undergoing abdominal surgery receiving surgical incision infiltration of saline or bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension (BLIS).

ANIMALS

40 dogs undergoing exploratory laparotomy.

METHODS

Dogs were prospectively enrolled and randomized to receive either BLIS or saline surgical incision infiltration. All dogs received 5.3 mg of BLIS/kg or an equal volume of saline infiltrated in the muscle/fascia, subcutaneous tissue, and intradermal layer during closure. All dogs received a standardized postoperative pain management protocol. Pain assessment was performed at select time points postoperatively by blinded observers with an electronic algometer, short version of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (GCMPS), and indirect measures of pain, including systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and serum cortisol levels.

RESULTS

At day 0, blood pressure was higher in the saline group (149.6 vs 125.8 mm Hg; P = .006). At day 3, GCMPS was lower in the BLIS group (BLIS = 1, saline = 2, P = .027), though both average GCMPS scores were low and only 10 dogs were available for day 3 assessments (6 BLIS and 4 saline). No other differences in algometer readings, GCMPS scores, other measured parameters, or need for rescue analgesia were present between BLIS and saline groups at any time point. There was no difference in postoperative incisional infection rate or complications.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Use of BLIS for exploratory laparotomy did not provide improved pain control over postoperative opioid administration alone. Patients that received BLIS had no increase in short-term complications.
Perianesthetic metabolic acidosis is associated with 2% dorzolamide eye drops in dogs that underwent ophthalmic surgery: a retrospective study (2019–2022)
Authors: Lim Jaegook , Lee Inhyung , Seo Kangmoon , Son Won-gyun , Kang Seonmi
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate whether the administration of 2% dorzolamide ophthalmic solution in dogs undergoing ophthalmic surgery is associated with perianesthetic metabolic acidosis.

ANIMALS

60 dogs, with or without dorzolamide administration, underwent arterial blood gas analysis immediately after anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery between 2019 and 2022; a total of 60 surgeries were evaluated.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between the administration of 2% dorzolamide ophthalmic solution in dogs and the development of metabolic acidosis. Additionally, the influence of various potential risk factors, including age, body weight, sex, use of topical or systemic NSAIDs, and preoperative medications on the occurrence of metabolic acidosis, was evaluated.

RESULTS

A significant association was found between the use of 2% dorzolamide ophthalmic solution and perianesthetic metabolic acidosis (OR, 6.79; 95% CI, 2.00 to 23.02; P = .002). Furthermore, topical dorzolamide administration was significantly associated with both perianesthetic hypokalemia (OR, 3.52; 95% CI, 1.11 to 11.20; P = .033) and perianesthetic hyperchloremia (OR, 9.25; 95% CI, 1.71 to 50.01; P = .010).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The use of 2% dorzolamide ophthalmic solution is associated with perianesthetic metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, and hyperchloremia in dogs. It is prudent to be aware of these risks, especially before anesthesia.
Difficult catheterization and previous urethral obstruction are associated with lower urinary tract tears in cats with urethral obstruction
Authors: Manchester Rachel B. , Hess Rebecka S. , Reineke Erica L.
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

To retrospectively assess the hospital prevalence and risk factors associated with iatrogenic lower urinary tear in cats with urethral obstruction (UO).

ANIMALS

15 client-owned cats diagnosed with concurrent UO and lower urinary tears and year-matched control population of 45 cats diagnosed with UO.

METHODS

University teaching hospital records were reviewed for cats presenting with UO between January 2010 and December 2022. Signalment, anatomic location of tear, experience of the individual passing the urinary catheter, difficulty level of catheter passage, history of previous UO, blood work parameters on presentation, presence of visible grit in urine, and survival to discharge were recorded. In addition, prevalence of lower urinary tears in cats presenting with UO was calculated.

RESULTS

The prevalence of lower urinary tears was 0.92% in UO cats. Cats with lower urinary tears were significantly less likely to survive to discharge and had a longer period of hospitalization than cats without tears. In addition, cats with tears were more likely to have a history of previous UO and had more difficult urinary catheter passage than cats in the control group. Cats with tears also had a higher Hct than the control UO cats.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Cats that develop lower urinary tears are more likely to have a history of previous UO and difficult catheter passage. This group of cats is also more likely to have a longer hospitalization period and lower survival to discharge rates.
The carbohydrate-deficient transferrin as a marker of chronic alcohol consumption and assessment of its usefulness in patients with cardiovascular diseases – a pilot study
Authors: Waś Joanna Dominika , Niedolistek Magdalena , Sokołowska Dorota , Wiśniewska Joanna , Zieliński Tomasz , Mierzyńska Anna , Rabczenko Daniel , Orzechowska Beata , Franz Dominika , Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa , Lutyńska Anna
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the world. The dose of 60 g of alcohol / day has been estimated to significantly increase the risk of developing high blood pressure, arrhythmias, hemorrhagic stroke, and cardiomyopathy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of CDT when compared with gammaglutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), N-terminal fragment brain natriuretic peptide (NT pro-BNP) and troponin T biomarkers in patients with heart failure.

Materials and Methods

The study was conducted on 59 patients with advanced heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF<40%). CDT serum levels were measured using CDT kit, Chromsystems Instruments & Chemicals GmbH, Germany and were expressed as a percentage of total transferrin using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Results

Nineteen patients (n = 19) expressed a normal level of carbohydrate deficiency transferrin <1.2% of the total transferrin found in plasma. The results are obtained from 34 patients (n = 34) were within the range doubtful for the test (1.2–2.5%). In 6 Patients (n = 6) the results of more than 2.5% of CDT content were observed, which could indicate chronic alcohol consumption.

Conclusions

No statistically significant correlations between CDT and troponin T or NT pro-BNP were identified.
Constraints in credit accessibility from primary agricultural cooperative societies in Haryana state, India
Authors: Singh Suninder , Singh Abhey , Lal Choote
Published: October 2023

Subject and purpose of work:

The objective of the study was to identify the constraints in credit accessibility from Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies in Haryana State, India.

Materials and methods:

The primary data were used for achieving the objective of the study. The primary data were collected in the second quarter of 2022 by employing the schedule. The multistage purposive cum proportionate random sampling techniques were adopted to select a sample of 540 respondents. The percentage was used for data analysis.

Results:

The constraints in accessing credit are identified faced by beneficiary farmers and nonbeneficiary farmers. The major constraints faced by the beneficiary farmers in accessing credit from PACS are inadequate credit limit (87.40%), short time to repayment of loan (66.29%), high penalty rate (55.92%), and unavailability of medium-term loans (50.00%). While inadequate credit limit (80.00%), no new accounts opened (72.22%) and fear of being a defaulter (47.78%) were the major constraints faced by the non-beneficiary farmers in accessing credit from PACS.

Conclusions:

The various constraints were identified in accessing credit from PACS. Credit limits should be extended on the basis of the scale of the finance. Medium-term loans need to be increased.
Industry 4.0: New challenges for the labor market and working conditions as a result of emergence of robots and automation
Authors: Vadie Amir Saeed , Lipták Katalin
Published: October 2023

Subject and purpose of work:

The paper is discussing the challenges presented by Industry 4.0, specifically in relation to the potential loss of jobs due to automation. The article explores how middle-skilled jobs are more likely to be affected adversely by automation and how the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as automation, AI, and IoT is expected to bring about extensive automation and irreversible changes to employment opportunities.

Materials and methods:

As this paper is a review of previous research articles, the authors have collected several journal articles.

Results:

The authors highlight how Industry 4.0 is expected to change working conditions and the nature of work and raises concerns about job insecurity and the erosion of traditional employment relations.

Conclusions:

The paper suggests that to tackle these challenges, policymakers and employers must be aware of the potential impacts of automation and Industry 4.0 on different types of occupations and take steps to mitigate any negative effects, and invest in retraining programs, implement policies that support the fair distribution of the benefits of automation and promoting the skills needed for the future of work.
Introduction to Algebraic Geometry
Authors: Watase Yasushige
Published: October 2023

A classical algebraic geometry is study of zero points of system of multivariate polynomials [3], [7] and those zero points would be corresponding to points, lines, curves, surfaces in an affine space. In this article we give some basic definition of the area of affine algebraic geometry such as algebraic set, ideal of set of points, and those properties according to [4] in the Mizar system[5], [2].

We treat an affine space as the n-fold Cartesian product k

n
as the same manner appeared in [4]. Points in this space are identified as n-tuples of elements from the set k. The formalization of points, which are n-tuples of numbers, is described in terms of a mapping from n to k, where the domain n corresponds to the set n = {0, 1, . . ., n − 1}, and the target domain k is the same as the scalar ring or field of polynomials. The same approach has been applied when evaluating multivariate polynomials using n-tuples of numbers [10].

This formalization aims at providing basic notions of the field which enable to formalize geometric objects such as algebraic curves which is used e.g. in coding theory [11] as well as further formalization of the fields [8] in the Mizar system, including the theory of polynomials [6].
Compact and polycentric urban forms as intertwined concepts: Learning from the impacts of Covid–19 retail restrictions on spatial (in)equalities in Brno (Czech Republic)
Authors: Lichter Marek , Malý Jiří
Published: October 2023

Urban structure conceptualisation using compact and polycentric city narratives is often performed separately. However, although both are based on different spatial grammars, they are inextricably linked. The spatially equitable distribution and accessibility of urban functions are often seen as their main contributions. This paper uses the unprecedented circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic to further analyse the relationship between the two narratives, using the radical transformation of a retail network in a post-socialist city (Brno, Czech Republic) as an example. Based on an in-depth analysis of government measures aimed at preventing the spread of the coronavirus and their coverage in the media, operational changes among all stores in the city are quantified. A comparative spatial analysis then shows that, in addition to economic inequalities, spatial injustice was exacerbated by the position of the central government, with varying degrees of intensity depending on the type of urban structure. It is argued that the resilience potential of polycentric and compact structures is very low, especially in the absence of retail planning and reflection upon spatiality in ensuring social equity.
Sexual Abuse, Syphilis, Anthropophagy, and Mythomaniac Biosyndrome in Religious, Political, and Other Groups
Authors:   Centro De Prevención Y Tratamiento De La Violencia Sexual E Intrafamiliar, Cuevas-Sosa Alejandro
Published: October 2023

In the biodialogue that we establish through any relaxation validated technique, the bioimage of a BEG would be a living and acting virtual biointerfaceme, just like the rest of bioimages that are formed during it or in dreams.
El proyecto contrahegemónico de la Red Trashumante a través de la educación popular
Authors: Hennig Bruno
Published: October 2023

La presente elaboración es fruto de una investigación que tiene el propósito de presentar las experiencias de educación popular de la Red Trashumante en tanto proyecto contrahegemónico. La investigación llevada a cabo consistió en un diseño analítico y está enmarcada en un abordaje metodológico cualitativo. Me basé principalmente en la observación participante como parte del estudio etnográfico. En esta producción escrita se exponen inicialmente algunas características de la educación bancaria, para dar paso luego a la experiencia de la Red Trashumante, la cual es una organización argentina de educación popular con más de 20 años de existencia, que tiende puentes con diversas organizaciones, comunidades y sujetos, realizando talleres y otras formas de encuentro en tanto formación política, forjando un proyecto popular para la transformación social desde abajo. Se concluye que entre la educación bancaria y la educación popular según la Red Trashumante operan pares disonantes que tensionan entre sí que constituyen modos distintos de configuración de la experiencia pedagógica y que de alguna manera podrían funcionar retrospectivamente como organizadores del texto.Palabras clave: Red Trashumante, contrahegemonía, educación popular, experiencia pedagógica.
Ñamen, Desaparecer, venir en olvido (Danilo Espinoza, 2017):
Authors: Medalla Contreras Tania
Published: October 2023

La serie Ñamen. Desaparecer, venir en olvido (2017), del artista visual Danilo Espinoza, explora en las posibilidades de la materia fotográfica para representar las memorias de las violencias ejercidas sobre el pueblo mapuche, utilizando como recurso técnico, en el procedimiento de revelado, el humo. La obra interroga las memorias de las personas mapuche detenidas-desaparecidas durante la dictadura chilena, develando una extensa y densa trama de violencias..

El presente artículo interroga las estrategias visuales propuestas en esta obra,  que tensionan el dispositivo narrativo identitario-cohesivo del álbum familiar, así como el propio dispositivo fotográfico.

Así, la lectura que se propone, indaga, particularmente, en el tratamiento del tiempo en esta  práctica  fotográfica, y en la afectación de la mirada, desde la materialidad ahumada de estas imágenes. Según esta perspectiva, la fotografía, en su (in)capacidad de referir lo real –lo que se expresa a través del humo, que opaca y vela la imagen− constituye la huella de la existencia de Joel Huaiquiñir. Es su cualidad borrosa la que permite dar cuenta de su vida y de su muerte, de la densidad y continuidad de las violencias contra el pueblo mapuche, y de las limitaciones y dobleces del dispositivo fotográfico.
A 50 años del golpe de estado: El protagonismo popular en la experiencia del Teatro Experimental Popular Aficionado
Authors: Fica Molina Pamela
Published: October 2023

El presente estudio tiene el propósito de establecer una reflexión sobre la experiencia del Teatro Experimental Popular Aficionado como iniciativa teatral vinculada al proceso chileno de la Unidad Popular, donde esta experiencia se configura como una concreción de las ideas culturales que tenía el gobierno encabezado por Salvador Allende. Se profundizará, a lo largo de los párrafos, en la materialización del protagonismo popular en el proyecto del T.E.P.A., a través de sus escritos, personajes, temáticas y recepción popular, es decir, su interacción concreta con los sectores marginados de la sociedad. Isidora Aguirre, precursora del T.E.P.A., se configura como dramaturga conectada a la realidad social de Chile, al mismo tiempo que explicita su adhesión a la Unidad Popular, aportando a este proyecto a través de la herramienta cultural, espacio que no se limita a mostrar una u otra obra teatral, sino que nace a partir de las mismas personas y se configura como un vehículo para concientizar y educar a la población sobre ideas y medidas del gobierno popular a través de lo que denominó Aguirre “propaganda política con forma teatral”. Pertinente es retomar esta experiencia teatral a cincuenta años del golpe de estado, pues no se puede omitir estos proyectos que nacieron en lo profundo de la gente con un horizonte de transformación colectiva. La investigación se enmarca en la concepción de teatro popular que desarrolla el T.E.P.A. y su enraizamiento con el corazón del pueblo, sus realidades y problemáticas cotidianas.
Educación artística en América Latina y el Caribe, los desafíos de la formación docente.
Authors: Morales Aceitón Maciel
Published: October 2023

Este trabajo se centra en las problemáticas y los desafíos focalizándose en la formación y desarrollo profesional docente en América latina y el Caribe. La primera parte presenta algunos fundamentos de por qué es necesario enseñar arte en las escuelas y da cuenta de la situación de la asignatura en el contexto escolar de diferentes países de la región. La segunda parte se concentra en la formación docente, destacando las tensiones y carencias de la formación de profesores en Educación artística. A nivel regional observamos que existe una enorme cantidad de profesores con escasa o nula formación artística que imparten la asignatura. También encontramos marcadas diferencias en la formación de profesores según el carácter público o privado de los establecimientos en donde éstos se desempeñan. Así, en países como Chile, Colombia o El Salvador, por ejemplo, son las escuelas privadas las que cuentan con un mayor porcentaje de profesores especializados en la materia. Se propone   profundizar el caso de Chile y las artes visuales, a partir de un trabajo de terreno en donde se observaron y entrevistaron a 44 docentes de la región metropolitana pertenecientes a diferentes tipos de establecimientos escolares.
“Cobardes, desadaptados y antichilenos”: intervenciones públicas y resignificación del monumento Baquedano durante la revuelta popular en Chile
Authors: Bustamante Javiera , Olivares Oscar
Published: October 2023

En el marco de la revuelta popular del 18 de octubre de 2019, el monumento del general Baquedano, centro simbólico de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile, materializó la disputa social y política librada en las calles del país, y se convirtió en foco de diferentes intervenciones, tanto de manifestantes como del gobierno, lo que desembocó en su retiro en marzo de 2021. Con base en entrevistas realizadas a la Garra Blanca Antifascista, el Colectivo Originario y la Brigada Laura Rodig, el presente artículo da cuenta del desacuerdo existente entre la racionalidad de las intervenciones de los movimientos sociales y las acciones y discursos enarbolados por autoridades profesionales, municipales y estatales. El artículo analiza también la ocupación del monumento desde las nociones de historia y memoria, al ser entendido como espacio polifónico y polémico en un paisaje urbano más amplio, en que sus sentidos fundacionales son transformados, renegados, reinterpretados y/o resignificados.
Una propuesta conceptual para abordar los miedos sociales desde la dimensión sociocultural de las emociones
Authors: Contreras Paula
Published: October 2023

El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo desarrollar una propuesta conceptual para el abordaje de los miedos sociales entendiéndolos como fenómenos relacionados con las problemáticas socioculturales que vivencia cada sociedad. En este sentido, se aleja de las propuestas que observan este fenómeno como meramente biológico o individual. Propongo que son las problemáticas sociales no resueltas que vive cada individuo de forma personal, reflejo estas a su vez de un relato cultural mayor, las que van constituyendo ciertos ambientes emocionales por sobre otros y generando los miedos sociales. En este contexto, las experiencias socioemocionales que vivencian las personas en relación con dichas problemáticas son las productoras de los miedos sociales, los cuales, por medio de una remembranza o memoria contextual, son enfrentados por las personas ya sea por una acción/movilización o por un retraimiento/paralización.
Ciclo de conversaciones Antropologías del Sur: Marietta Ortega Perrier
Authors: Espinoza Claudio , Contreras Paula , Campos Luis
Published: October 2023

En esta novena entrevista del ciclo de conversaciones Antropologías del Sur, cuyo fin es revisar y pensar formas no hegemónicas de la disciplina, se presenta la trayectoria académica, intelectual y profesional de Marietta Ortega Perrier (Santiago de Chile, 1954), antropóloga formada en la Universidad de Chile a comienzo de la década de 1970 y quien, además de formar parte de las primeras generaciones de la disciplina en el país, vivió muy de cerca el Golpe de Estado y sus consecuencias, de las que aún hay huellas.

Con estudios de maestría en la London School of Economics y doctorado en Cambridge, Marietta Ortega nos ofrece una mirada crítica a los localismos contenidos en algunas trayectorias antropológicas del continente y en especial de la chilena. Aboga por recobrar un esfuerzo comparativo amplio, incluyendo en él a todas las antropologías, del sur y del norte.

En la actualidad la entrevistada ocupa el cargo de Decana de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Tarapacá.
State-of-the-art of infections produced by human papillomavirus.
Authors: Reina Julio César , Muñoz Nubia , Sánchez Gloria Inés
Published: October 2023

Anogenital human papillomavirus infection is the most frequent sexually transmitted disease. Around one hundred genotypes have been identified in humans, and 40 infect the genitalia and anal regions. Fifteen genotypes, classified as high-risk HPVs, are the necessary cause of cervical cancer and have been involved as carcinogenic agents for cancer of the vulva, vagina, anus, penis, and oropharyngeal cavity. Low-risk HPVs are the causative agents of genital warts, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in both men and women. The number of women harboring HPV-DNA worldwide is estimated to be 300 million. The recently introduced prophylactic HPV vaccines represent a hopeful strategy to prevent HPV infection and HPV-related diseases.
Exploring the Impact of Financial and non-Financial Motives on Employee Performance. A Survey of Indonesian Employees.
Authors:   Brunel University, College of Engineering, London UK, Argyropoulou Maria , Aprilia Wynne , Argyropoulou Rachel , Tzavara Dionisia
Published: October 2023

Purpose: Employees in any workplace around the world should feel motivated to achieve optimal results. Older and more recent research in this area demonstrates the importance of motivation to employee productivity and organizational performance. This research aims to determine not only the role of work motivation on employee performance but also the magnitude of its impact, both theoretically and practically. Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative data were gathered by using a questionnaire with 27 close-ended questions. Data was collected from 150 employees in Indonesia with at least one year of work experience. The analysis of this study is carried out with the program SPSS 26. Findings: The results of this study show a positive relationship between employee motivation and employee performance, which supports previous research findings and underscores the importance of motivation as an effective tool for today's managers who must respond to unprecedented challenges in a rapidly changing environment. The most important finding from this research is that financial awards is not a statistically significant predictor of employee performance which supports the theory that intrinsic rewards play the most important role in motivational strategy. Research limitations/implications: Data from respondents in Indonesia were used for this study. Further research in other international locations is needed to generalise the findings globally. The results of this research suggest that companies, especially those with a majority of employees between the ages of 18 and 29, should strengthen mutual relationships within the company, involve employees in the decision-making process, and provide more opportunities for career advancement, promotions, and employee participation to improve the performance of their employees. Originality/value: This study contributes to theory by going a step further and examining the impact of three specific factors on employee performance: financial factors, career aspirations, and mutual relationships.
Exploring the Intrinsic Factors Influencing Return on Assets: A Case Study of the Hotel Industry in Selected EU Countries
Authors:   University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Karanovic Goran
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The main aim of this study was to determine the intrinsic factors (total equity, trade receivable turnover, working capital turnover, long term debt, current ratio, debt to total assets ratio, debt to equity ratio, net sales revenue trend, total operating revenue trend, shareholders' equity trend, cash to total assets, current liabilities to total liabilities) that influence the financial performance of the Hotel Industry in select Central and Eastern European Union countries. Return on Assets (ROA) was used in this study as measure of financial performance. Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses panel data fixed effects model to examine dependent variable ROA as measure of the financial performance of select Tourism and Leisure Industry companies from Central and Eastern EU member states. The intrinsic factors were applied as independent variables. The applied panel data fixed effects model in the study was utilised to determine the impact of the intrinsic factors on financial performance. The data were obtained from EMIS data base. Overall data encompassed 614 companies from select eight Central and Eastern EU member states for the period 2015-2022. Findings: The model performed in this study discovered that intrinsic factors including total equity, trade receivable turnover, current ratio, debt to total assets ratio, as well as cash to total assets had a significant impact on the ROA. Total equity, current ratio, cash to total assets have positive impact as opposed to the trade receivable turnover debt to total asset, while years 2020 and 2021 had negative impact on the ROA. Research limitations/implications: This study was limited just on the select eight central and eastern European Union countries; moreover, the database EMIS used for this study lacks certain variables that are frequently used in similar studies. Result confirmed the importance of intrinsic factors and their influence on the financial performance of the leisure industry. Originality/value: This study contributes to the existing body of theory on financial performance through research on the new practitioners’ perception of the intrinsic factors relative to financial performance. There are very few empirical studies which examine financial performance variables in the Central and Eastern European leisure industry. Consequently, this study aims to bridge the gap between the available literature and body of research.
Earnings Management Ethicality and Application in the Kenyan Public Sector: A Critical Review
Authors:   Department of Economics, Accounting, and Finance, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya, Odek Robert , Kimanzi Kalundu ,   Department of Economics, Accounting, and Finance, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
Published: October 2023

Purpose: This is a critical review of the empirical literature on earnings management ethicality and its application in public sector organizations in the Kenyan context. Design/methodology/approach: Semi-systematic review approach and thematic/content analysis technique were utilized in forming opinions on deductions of the study by reviewing previous publications between 2008-2022. Findings: Outcomes of this study portray that the main factors influencing the management of earnings include; a conducive environment that permits practicing creative accounting without stakeholders’ knowledge, dodging declaring losses in the economic reports, meeting analyst predictions, circumventing submission of higher taxes, to qualify access to debt, contracting motivations, and to accomplish perks knotted to performance. Moreover, there is legitimate and illegitimate management of earnings since there is no consensus in regard to the ethicality of earnings management. Further, this review evidences that both accrual and real earnings management techniques are practiced by managers during reporting. Additionally, there are mixed results as to whether creative accounting is practiced in the public sector or not, and with reference to Kenya, no studies on earnings management ethicality have ever been conducted. Research limitations/implications: There are limited studies on earnings management ethicality in the public sector both in Kenya and globally. Besides, this is a qualitative study that depended on the previously published data in its entirety. This then, implies that all the findings here are not first-hand and are purely dependent on the findings of other studies that had been published. The researcher, therefore, had no control in regard to ascertaining the accuracy of the previous data analyzed. In mitigating these limitations, the majority of the publications included in this study were from high ranked journals. The bulk of the literature reviewed was from research work already conducted in other countries. Originality/value: This study contributes to accounting theory as an area of study. It depicts the deductive approach of research which can then be embraced by other graduate accounting students in furthering accounting research. Besides, it contributes to strategy makers like the Kenya Accounting Standards Board in the formulation and implementation of accounting principles. It also forms a basis for further research in the management of earnings and its ethicality among public sector firms. That is, no other study has been done in Kenya and just a few studies have been carried out globally.
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Transonic Wings with Boundary-Layer Suction
Authors: Mosca Valerio , Sudhi Anand , Badrya Camli , Elham Ali
Published: October 2023

A quasi-three-dimensional aerodynamic solver is developed for the aerodynamic analysis of wings in a transonic regime that is able to capture the effect of BLS in hybrid laminar flow control (HLFC) application or transition to turbulent flow for natural laminar flow (NLF). The tool provides accurate results, but without the high computational cost of high-fidelity tools. The solver combines the use of an Euler flow solver characterized by an integral boundary-layer method and linear stability analysis using a [Formula: see text] approximation for transition prediction. In particular, a conical transformation is adopted, including the determination of the shock-wave position. The solver is implemented in a multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) framework, including wing weight estimation and aircraft performance analysis. The framework consists of different modules: aerodynamics, structure, suction system analysis, and performance evaluation. Using a genetic algorithm and considering HLFC technology, wing MDO has been performed to find the optimum wing planform and airfoil shape. A backward-swept wing (BSW) aircraft, developed inside the Cluster of Excellence–Sustainable and Energy Efficient Aviation ([Formula: see text]A) is studied. Novel technologies such as active flow control, limited maximum load factors due to load alleviation, and novel materials allow a fuel weight reduction of 6%.
Experimental Validation of Constrained Spacecraft Attitude Planning via Invariant Sets
Authors: Danielson Claus , Kloeppel Joseph , Petersen Christopher
Published: October 2023

This paper experimentally validates the invariant-set motion planner (ISMP) for the spacecraft attitude motion planning problem. Three novel results are presented that enable the experimental implementation: i) a method for gridding quaternions from the keep-in cone, ii) a method for scaling the invariant sets to enforce angular velocity constraints, and iii) a method for scaling the sets used by the ISMP to ensure their positive invariance despite this torque constraint. The ISMP is experimentally validated through three experimental scenarios. In the first scenario, the spacecraft must perform a re-orientation maneuver that caused it to move toward a keep-out cone. The ISMP manages the momentum of the spacecraft to prevent it from overshooting into the keep-out cone. In the second scenario, the spacecraft performs a slalom maneuver to avoid a pair of keep-out cones. The ISMP must reverse the momentum of the spacecraft to transition from avoiding the first keep-out cone to the second. The final scenario is an unrealistically difficult scenario designed to stress-test the capabilities of the ISMP where the spacecraft must escape from a maze of keep-out cones. These results demonstrate the ability of the ISMP to control the spacecraft attitude while enforcing state and input constraints.
Stabilisation of Hydrodynamic Instabilities by Critical Layers in Acoustic Lining Boundary Layers
Authors: King Matthew J. , Brambley Edward J.
Published: October 2023

Acoustics are considered in a straight cylindrical lined duct with an axial mean flow that is uniform apart from a boundary layer near the wall. Within the boundary layer, which may or may not be thin, the flow profile is quadratic and satisfies no-slip at the wall. Time-harmonic modal solutions to the linearized Euler equations are found by solving the Pridmore-Brown equation using Frobenius series. The Briggs–Bers criterion is used to ascertain the spatial stability of the modes, without considering absolute instabilities. The modes usually identified as hydrodynamic instabilities are found to interact with the critical layer branch cut, also known as the continuous spectrum. By varying the boundary-layer thickness, flow speed, frequency, and wall impedance, it is found that these spatial instabilities can be stabilized behind the critical layer branch cut. In particular, spatial instabilities are only found for a boundary layer thinner than a critical boundary-layer thickness [Formula: see text]. The behaviors observed for the uniform-quadratic sheared flow considered here are further compared to a uniform-linear sheared flow, and a uniform slipping flow under the Ingard–Myers boundary condition, where this process of stabilization is not observed. It is therefore argued that modeling a sufficiently smooth mean flow boundary layer is necessary to predict the correct stability of flow over a lined wall.
Triple Decomposition of Unsteady Flow in a Low-Speed Mixed-Flow Fan
Authors: Mao Yijun , Gu Xiaojiang , Xu Chen , Yang Dangguo
Published: October 2023

Numerous studies (including theoretical modeling, numerical simulation, and experimental measurement) have confirmed that wake interaction is a primary factor affecting tonal and broadband noise emitted by aeroengine fans. The knowledge and techniques derived from these studies have often been applied to analyze and control the aerodynamic noise of low-speed axial/mixed-flow fans used in ventilation and cooling applications. Despite the structural similarity between aeroengine fans and axial-flow fans for ventilation and cooling, the differences in their rotor–stator spacing and operating parameters raise the question of whether or not they share completely identical or approximately similar unsteady flow and noise generation mechanisms. In this paper, we employ a large-eddy simulation to investigate the low-speed unsteady flow inside a mixed-flow fan. The triple decomposition method is used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of the time-averaged, ensemble-averaged, and stochastic fluctuation velocities and pressures in both stationary and rotating coordinate systems. The results show that the unsteady flow and noise generation mechanisms inside the fan investigated in this paper are significantly different from those of aeroengine fans, mainly due to two aspects. First, the wake effect on the velocity field of the fan studied in this paper is almost negligible, and the potential interaction is the primary source of the nonuniform spatial distribution of the time-averaged velocity field and the periodic velocity disturbance. Second, the turbulent energy spectrum of the stochastic fluctuation velocity is greatly distinct from the classic turbulence spectra in the low-frequency bands.
Finite Particle Approach for High-Fidelity Simulation on Helicopter Brownout
Authors: Lin Hongyuan , Xu Chenhao , Jiang Chongwen , Hu Shuyao , Lee Chun-Hian
Published: October 2023

The brownout dust clouds that surround the helicopter operating in dusty conditions consist of an enormous number of particles, leading to lower visibility and piloting difficulties. The computational cost of tracking all particles is intolerable, while the solutions with insufficient numbers of particles often fail to achieve enough fidelity. This research proposes a finite particle approach for high-fidelity simulation on helicopter brownout, providing particle number concentration distributions to quantitatively evaluate the risk of dust clouds. Based on the summarization of criteria for counting particle number concentration, the total number of particles in the calculation is presented to balance fidelity and efficiency. According to the entrainment model results, only a finite number of particles are injected into the flow to improve computational efficiency. The trajectories of injected particles are reconstructed for high-fidelity results. Combining the Richardson extrapolation and the assessment of average particle spacings, the total number of particles in the calculation is recommended to be [Formula: see text]. The finite particle approach is adopted to investigate dust clouds in various flight conditions. Numerical results demonstrate that, compared to hovering, the maximum value of particle number concentration is greater and closer to the rotor center when flying with a low advance ratio.
Analisis Etnosains Upacara Naikkan Tulang Bumbungan di Desa Penakalan Sebagai Sumber Belajar Biologi
Authors: Musliha Musliha , Sunandar Ari , Qurbaniah Mahwar
Published: October 2023

Abstrak Upacara Naikkan Tulang Bumbungan merupakan budaya yang masih berkembang di Desa Penakalan Kabupaten Sambas. Upacara Naikkan Tulang Bumbungan menggunakan beberapa jenis tanaman pada  tahap pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis etnosains upacara naikkan tulang bumbungan di Desa Penakalan Kecamatan Sejangkung yang dapat dijadikan sumber belajar pada materi Biologi SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian pada Upacara Naikkan Tulang Bumbungan terdapat 7 jenis tanaman yang digunakan yaitu Paku (Deparia petersenii), Hanjuang (Cordyline fruticosa), Bintaro (Cerbera manghas), Ribu-ribu (Lycodium flexuosum), Mali (Leea indica), Kelapa (Cocos nucifera), Tebu (Saccharum offiicinarum). Etnosains yang ada di dalam upacara naikkan tulang bumbungan yaitu mengidentifikasi tumbuhan  berdasarkan ciri-ciri yang diamati, klasifikasi tanaman (bintaro, mali, paku, ribu-ribu, hanjuang, kelapa dan tebu) yang digunakan dalam proses upacara naikkan tulang bumbungan. Setelah itu menerapkan konsep tingkat kedewasaan daun kelapa atau jenis daun kelapa yang digunakan dalam proses upacara naikkan tulang bumbungan. Penelitian ini sesuai dengan materi kelas X yaitu materi Keanekaragaman hayati dan Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup. Tanaman pada Upacara Naikkan Tulang Bumbungan mempunyai potensi sangat layak sebagai sumber belajar Biologi SMA berbasis budaya.
THERMO-STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF UNCOOLED COMPOSITE NOZZLE OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Dron` M. M. , Zharikov K. I. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2023

In order to improve the power characteristics of liquid propulsion systems used in rocket technology by accelerating charged particles, the authors performed a thermal and strength analysis of the liquid rocket engine design using an uncooled nozzle. A model of a nozzle made with the use of composite materials was considered and the conditions of real thermal stress and force loading on the combustion chamber shell with the use of a composite nozzle were simulated.
FEATURES OF THE MULTIVARIANT DESIGN OF INERTIAL PENETRATORS FOR DELIVERING PAYLOAD TO THE SOIL OF CELESTIAL BODIES
Authors:   Lavochkin Association, Khimki, Russia, Leun E. V. , Poliakov А. А. ,   Lavochkin Association, Khimki, Russia, Chalov S. A. ,   Lavochkin Association, Khimki, Russia
Published: October 2023

The paper considers the main criteria that determine the design features and features of the multivariance of the designs of inertial penetrators (IP) for various scientific missions. The design features of a promising IP with separable head and tail parts in the process of shock penetration are considered and ways to improve its characteristics are proposed.