bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Museum Pests in Mammal Furs: An Investigation of the Correlation Between Pests and Host Furs
Authors: ÖZULUĞ Oya , ÇAKAN Fatma Banu , ERÖZDEN Ahmet Arıhan , KAYA Nilgün
Published: December 2022

Insects are of great importance in the ecosystem. In some cases, however, they can be directly or indirectly harmful to humans. Pest insects in museums are good examples of such insects. Especially organic cultural heritage is often the target of these pests. To accomplish effective pest control, it is necessary to obtain knowledge on pest species and their effects. In this study, pest specimens including adults, larvae, pupae and exuviae materials (Total: 1323 specimens) were collected from 59 furs belonging to 12 species of mammals in Zoological Collection of University Istanbul (ZMUI). The species of these pests from various life stages were identified and the numbers were recorded. Further analyses were conducted through the means of Corresponding Analysis and a potential correlation between pest species and species of hosting furs was investigated 9 species of museum pests were identified; Anthrenus verbasci (Linnaeus, 1767), Attagenus brunneus Faldermann, 1835, Dermestes maculatus (DeGeer, 1774), Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius, 1792), Lepisma sp., Monopis sp., Ptinus clavipes Panzer, 1792, Stegobium paniceum (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tineola bisselliella (Hummel, 1823). Among the pest species, Anthrenus verbasci is the species with the highest specimen count in the collection, as well as the most commonly distributed species. Museum pests are mainly observed on the furs of herbivore mammals. This observation is demonstrated with Corresponding Analysis. Also through Corresponding Analysis, a correlation between the species of pest insects and the diets of the species of hosting furs was demonstrated.
Validation of IPM Modules for the Management of Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci and Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus Disease in Greengram
Authors: AMBARISH Shankarappa , KALLESHWARASWAMY Chicknayakanahalli Marulasidappa , SUNIL Chandrashekar , VENKATARAVANAPPA Venkataravanappa
Published: December 2022

Greengram is known to be infected by several viral diseases. Among them, Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) is the most destructive in India, and it is popularly known as the yellow plague. MYMV transmitted exclusively through plant-to-plant by whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). For the management of MYMV, vector control is the only possible option. Hence, the attempt was made to evaluate IPM modules against whiteflies by reducing their population or disrupt MYMV transmission. The field experiment was conducted at Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Bhavikere, during the Kharif seasons of 2018 and 2019. The results of two seasons indicated that, the lowest whitefly population (1.70 per trifoliate leaf) and significantly lowest MYMV incidence was recorded in module-3 (Maize as a border crop + one spray of NSKE 5 % at 20 days after sowing + one spray of fish oil rosin soap @ 5ml/liter at 40 DAS). The highest grain yield (9.64 q/ha) and cost: benefit ratio (1: 3.23) was recorded in this module, followed by module-1 (Maize as a border crop + Seed treatment with imidacloprid 600 FS @ 5 ml per kg of seeds). For the management of MYMV and its vector whitefly, B. tabaci module-3 was effective compared to the standard check (Dimethoate 30 EC at the rate of 1.75 ml per liter). The importance of IPM in whitefly management to reduce virus incidence is discussed.
New Record of Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel, 1859 (Hemiptera, Aphididae) in Turkey
Authors: YAYLA Miraç
Published: December 2022

The banana aphid, Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major pest of
banana, Musa spp., (Zingiberales) has worldwide distribution. This study was conducted to detect aphid
species in the banana production regions of Adana, Antalya, and Mersin in Turkey. Aphid samples have
been collected in total of thirty-seven locations. All the samples were identified as P. nigronervosa. Later
on, molecular characterization has been done based on COI and it was recognized that the Turkish
population was close to Florida and some Hawaiian genotypes. Pentalonia nigronervosa was recorded
for the first time in Turkey in this study. Sustainable nature-friendly management tactics for controlling P.
nigronervosa which poses less health threat to human should be developed.
A New Species of Subancistrocerus de Saussure, 1855 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from Pakistan
Authors: HASSAN Muhammad Asghar , QASIM Muhammad , CARPENTER James M. , KHAN Muhammad Rafique , RAFI Muhammad Ather , SIDDIQUI Junaid Ali , HAFEEZ Muhammad
Published: December 2022

A new species, Subancistrocerus pakistanensis Qasim, Carpenter et Rafique sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Pakistan, based on several specimens collected in the Multan Region. Genus Subancistrocerus is recorded for the first time from Pakistan.
Chrysosoma nellyae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), a New Fly Species Discovered from Bohol Island, Philippines
Authors: JOSE Reizl Pamaong , DEOCARIS Custer Calingasan , ANDRES Mark Ian , ALINSUG Malona Velasco
Published: December 2022

A new fly species, Chrysosoma nellyae, has been recently discovered in Bohol, Philippines. Aside from the metallic blue head with black antennae which are reminiscent of Chrysosoma species, its thorax is metallic blue with a greenish and brown prescutellar patch, scutellum brown, blue green border with hair like bristle. In addition, based on the similarity of the male genitalia, cercus morphology, and legs, the new species appears to be related to C. crinicorne. To increase the accuracy of species identification, DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene was employed and further inferred for its phylogenetic relationship with other Chrysosoma species.
Carebara periyarensis sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) a New Species from India
Authors: DHADWAL Tarun , BHARTI Himender
Published: December 2022

A new species of the genus Carebara Westwood, 1840, Carebara periyarensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on the worker caste. The new species resembles C. affinis and C. diversa, having 11 segmented antenna, however it can be differentiated from them by following combination of characteristics; small body size, short propodeal spine and body sculpture. An identification key to the genus Carebara is also updated.
Pedestrian route choice behaviour: Influences of built environment on route preference, safety and security
Authors:   , Basu Nandita
Published: December 2022

Built environment factors influence pedestrian route choice behaviour, but their impact is not well known. This thesis investigates the influences of the built environment factors on walking route preference and safety. By using the ‘Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches’ framework, this research studied the perceptions and preferences of pedestrian route choice in a typical suburban environment in Australia through a stated preference survey. This thesis has established the interrelationship between safety, security, and built environment factors across men and women pedestrians. The findings highlight increasing land-use diversity and providing adequate trees may improve perceived safety and security among pedestrians.
Territorios y trayectorias de la Nueva Canción Latinoamericana. Introducción
Authors: Gavagnin Stefano , Jordán González Laura , Rodríguez Aedo Javier
Published: December 2022

Territorios y trayectorias de la Nueva Canción Latinoamericana
Friedrich List’s Critique of the Methuen Treaty
Authors: Benzecry Gabriel Frank
Published: December 2022

This article examines Friedrich List’s critique of the Methuen Treaty. The Methuen Treaty removed all restrictions on English wool entering Portugal and reaffirmed England’s commitment to import Portuguese wines at two-thirds the tariffs of French wines. Friedrich List argues that the agreement hurt Portugal’s textile industry and slowed Portugal’s economic growth. List’s critique of the Methuen Treaty is a strong representation of his resistance to Adam Smith and Jean-Baptiste Say, but it is isolated from his robust theoretical framework. One possible explanation for the discontinuity is that the knowledge problem undermines List’s theory. The lack of local data makes it difficult to conduct an accurate and straightforward policy analysis of the Methuen Treaty, making the analysis vulnerable to normative interpretations. Specifically, List’s disagreement with Adam Smith’s cosmopolitanism pushed him further away from a straightforward application of his theory.
The Insistence that is Posthegemony: Negativity, Technique, and the Question of Alienation
Authors: Williams Gareth
Published: December 2022

In this essay, hegemony in traditional Marxism is posited as a social ontology based on overcoming the alienation of the masses. The aim of hegemony is to produce the full realization through the work of the proletariat as one specific political subject, as a collective version of the bourgeois subject. The emancipation through hegemony marks the self-realization of the proletariat as the subject of history, as one subject that somehow imposes itself on the alienated forms of capitalism. On the other hand, poshegemony is thought from the decline of the subjectivist and productivist idolatry of hegemony, from the end of its expired truth, in the name of another promise.
Subalternidad y hegemonía en América Latina. Problemas de un itinerario teórico entre el latinoamericanismo y el marxismo.
Authors: Starcenbaum Marcelo
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo reconstruye las relaciones entre el problema de la subalternidad y el concepto de hegemonía en las trayectorias del latinoamericanismo. Para ello se establecen dos grandes momentos. Por un lado, la década de 1990, en la cual el desarrollo del subalternismo latinoamericano recupera las tradiciones marxistas latinoamericanas para proponer una interpretación renovada de la historia latinoamericana. Por otro lado, la fractura del latinoamericanismo en los primeros años del siglo XXI, a partir de la cual se desdoblarán los significados de la subalternidad y la hegemonía. Finalmente, analizamos la obra de Álvaro García Linera para propiciar un diálogo entre las tesis del latinoamericanismo y las de una determinada corriente del marxismo latinoamericano.
SHORT HISTORICAL NOTES XX
Authors: Gajdoš Anton
Published: December 2022

ALFRED SCHWARZMANN (23 March 1912 Fürth, Germany – 11. March 2000 Goslar, Germany)
EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ARTISTIC ABILITIES OF 7-8-YEAR-OLD RHYTHMIC GYMNASTS
Authors: Gantcheva Giurka , Borysova Yulia , Kovalenko Nina
Published: December 2022

A competitive composition in rhythmic gymnastics is a small performance that has its own storyline. That is what judges E1 and E2 evaluate. Judges’ penalties for unsatisfactory artistry can be up to 5 or 6 points. In the works of scientists, the issues of artistry education for 7-8-year-old gymnasts are hardly ever addressed. To develop a methodology for the development of artistic abilities of 7-8-year-old female gymnasts. Theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature; questionnaire (survey of coaches); pedagogical observation, experiment, testing: expert assessments; mathematical statistics. The study involved 20 7-8-year-old female gymnasts who have engaged in rhythmic gymnastics for 2 to 3 year and have category 2 qualification. An analysis of scientific and methodological literature shows the need to intensify research into the development of the aesthetic component in the training of female athletes in rhythmic gymnastics. On the basis of our questionnaire, it has been determined that it is necessary to develop artistic abilities of young female gymnasts by using elements of facial gymnastics, performance and improvisation. Introduction of a methodology for shaping the artistic abilities of female gymnasts in the educational and training process of the experimental group subsequently led to an increase in the female gymnasts’ marks for their competitive routine by 1.3 ± 0.12 points (p <0.05). The improvement rate in artistry in the experimental group was 18.4%, and in the control group 8% (p <0.05).
GAMBARAN ASUPAN PROTEIN DAN ZAT BESI PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI SMP NEGERI 10 KOTA GORONTALO
Authors: Djafar Firka Kartasasmita , Domili Indra , Arbie Fitri Yani
Published: December 2022

Female adolescent is a group of people that is prone to suffering anemia. Its common causes are consuming l ots of plant-based food rather than animal-based food, restricting food intake due to wishing to be slim, the monthly cycle of menstruation, and iron excretion through feces. The objective of the research was to identify the protein and iron intake at female adol escents at SMP Negeri 10 Gorontalo City. The research was descriptive survey type. The data were collected using 24-hour recall form at female adolescents at SMP Negeri 10 Gorontalo City. The research was conducted in October 2019. The research samples were 60 female adolescents. The finding of research showed that the protein intake at female adolescents with the most number was a minimum or very poor category for 52 people (86,7%), poor category for 8 people (13,3%), as well as normal or exceeded category (0%). Meanwhile, the iron intake at female adolescents with the most number was a minimum or very poor category for 57 people (95%) and fair category for 3 people (5%). The conclusion of this study is that protein and iron intake in female adolescents falls into the category of severely deficient and lackingRemaja putri merupakan kelompok yang rawan menderita anemia, hal ini karena umumnya lebih banyak mengkonsumsi makanan nabati dibandingkan makananan hewani, membatasi asupan makan karena ingin tampil langsing, siklus menstruasi setiap bulan dan eksresi zat besi melalui feses. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi asupan protein dan zat besi pada remaja putri   di SMP Negeri 10 Kota Gorontalo. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian survey deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan formulir recall 24 H pada remaja putri   di SMP Negeri 10 Kota Gorontalo. Penelitian di lakukan pada bulan Oktober tahun 2019. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagian remaja putri yang berjumlah 60 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asupan protein pada remaja putri dengan jumlah terbanyak yaitu kategori minimal atau sangat kurang yakni sebanyak 52 orang (86,7%), kategori kurang sebanyak 8 orang (13,3%), kategori sesuai atau normal dan lebih tidak ada (0%). Sedangkan asupan zat besi pada remaja putri dengan jumlah terbanyak yaitu kategori minimal atau sangat kurang sebanyak 57 orang (95%) dan kategori cukup yaitu sebanyak 3 orang (5%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa asupan protein dan zat besi pada remaja wanita termasuk dalam kategori sangat kurang dan kurang.
Genetic Predisposition of TNF-α (-308), TGF-β-1
(-508) and IL-35(EBI3) Gene Polymorphisms towards Rheumatic Heart Disease in the Population of Telangana from South India
Authors: Chilliveri Prashant , Vanitha Baluka , Kumar Y. Shiva
Published: December 2022

Background: Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is a complex disease, subject to genetic and environmental factors. Cytokines play an important role in development and pathogenesis of the rheumatic heart disease. TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-35 gene polymorphisms may affect the expression levels of cytokines which may lead to damage to the heart valves.
Objective: This study was intended to explore the association of TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-35 gene polymorphisms with RHD.
Materials and Methods: The present case control study consisted of 145 patients with rheumatic heart disease and 217 control subjects in the same age group. Genotyping was done for the TNF-α (-308), TGF-β-1 (-508) and IL-35(EBI3) gene polymorphisms in both case and control groups.
Results: The results showed Bone differences in the distribution of genotypes in TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-35 genes RHD cases and control groups. However, the statistical analysis of the data showed the differences in the genotypes between TNF alpha (-308 G>A), TGF-β-1 (C-508T) and IL-35 EBI3G/C genes RHD case and control subjects were not found to be statistically significant.
Conclusion: In conclusion our study could not find any significant association between TNF-α (-308), TGF-β-1 (-508) and IL-35(EBI3) gene polymorphisms and RHD.

Key words: Rheumatic Heart Disease, Cytokines, Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha, Transforming growth factor beta 1, Interleukin, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Malaria Elimination in Botswana: A Case Study of Shakawe Village, Okavango District
Authors: Saudu Collen , Chihanga Simon , Effiom Victory
Published: December 2022

Background: In Botswana, Okavango Delta and Ngami suffer from endemic malaria due to persistent swamps that provide the breeding sites for the vector. The Government of Botswana prioritize endemic regions, as a model to foster malaria elimination. This study was carried out in Shakawe village in Okavango District, Botswana, to establish knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP), towards malaria prevention. The results of this study will help inform the government to eliminate malaria in Botswana.
Materials & Methods: Purposive mixed-methods cross-sectional study was carried out on 113 subjects (63 survey and 50 focused group discussions) aged ≥ 18 years in the endemic village of Shakawe for three days. Frequencies, table, graph and descriptive were used to communicate the findings of this study.
Results: Respondents understood that malaria was transmitted through a mosquito bite (80.1%) and threatened life (96%). We found that 75% of respondents owned mosquito nets, but 33% do not use them because they associated them with breathing difficulties. We also found that 60% of men in Shakawe do not wear long-sleeved clothing to protect themselves from mosquito bites as a sign of strength.
Conclusions: Knowledge of malaria was found to be indirectly proportional to prevention and control practices in Shakawe Village, Botswana. Misconceptions and misperceptions surrounding effective malaria prevention measures must be corrected to foster efforts by the Ministry of Health and Wellness to achieve a goal of zero malaria cases in Botswana by 2023.

Key words: Elimination, attitudes, practices, Shakawe, Okavango District, Botswana.
Correlation between Scapular Dyskinesia and Endurance of Rotator-Cuff Muscles in Non-Symptomatic Individuals with Scapular Dyskinesia in Ahmedabad, Gujarat - An Observational Study
Authors: Jani Dhwani , Gadhavi Bhavna
Published: December 2022

The position and motion of the scapula are closely interrelated with motion of the arm to accomplish most of the shoulder function. The scapula plays many roles in normal shoulder function which requires control of static and dynamic position of scapula. For maintaining the good kinematics of the scapula and the surrounding structures, the movement of the scapula must be synchronized. The dynamic muscle function is the major method by which the scapula is stabilized and purposefully moved to accomplish its role. Alteration of normal positioning of the scapula can lead to altered biomechanics of the shoulder as well. When there is weakness in scapulae musculature, the normal scapular position and mechanics gets altered leading to scapular dyskinesis. Scapular dyskinesis can also reduce rotator cuff strength and increase the rotator cuff strain. The study was carried out to find the correlation between scapular dyskinesis and endurance of the rotator cuff muscles in non-symptomatic individuals with scapular dyskinesia. Around 900 non-symptomatic subjects aged 18 to 25 years of both the genders from different colleges and hostels from Ahmedabad were assessed for the presence of scapular dyskinesia. Out of these about 402 subjects were found to have scapular dyskinesis. Those non symptomatic young adults were scanned for the presence of the scapular dyskinesis with the help of Modified Lateral Scapular Slide Test (MLSST). The subjects with scapular dyskinesis were included in the study, the type of dyskinesia was also ruled out. The subjects were than assessed for the strength of the rotator cuff muscles by using hand held dynamometer. The 25% weight of the best of three reading of strength of external rotation was given to assess the endurance of the rotator cuff in modified base position. The time holding an isometric contraction in modified base position was recorded in seconds. The correlation between the scapular dyskinesia and the endurance of the rotator cuff was analysed. The results suggest that amongst 402 subjects, there is significant but weak correlation between scapular dyskinesis and endurance of rotator cuff muscle in both dominant and the non-dominant arm.

Key words: Scapular dyskinesis, Endurance, Rotator cuff Muscles, External Rotation .
Pharmacological Insights and Therapeutic Potentials of Honey; An Updated Review
Authors: W. Yousuf Amjad , Ul Erum Aasiy , M. Yousuf Awhad
Published: December 2022

A natural sweetener, honey has innumerable pharmacological properties in addition to its nutritive value. Honey has been in human use since 8000 years and has been traditionally used by almost all systems of medicine including Islamic medicine. Although chemical composition varies according to the botanical source, carbohydrates constitute a major portion of its composition. Fructose is in abundance followed by glucose. There are many other constituents present in small amounts like proteins, enzymes, amino acids, minerals, trace elements, vitamins, aromatic compounds and poly-phenols which contribute to various medicinal properties of honey. Honey has been in use traditionally for treatment of various ailments like gastritis, diarrhoea, ophthalmic conditions, skin infections, wounds etc. Enough evidence is now present supporting antimicrobial, antioxidant, wound healing and other potentials medicinal properties of honey. We systematically searched published papers on the subject in the databases of Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Crossref and Google Scholar between 1st January 2000 and July 2022 with an aim to review pharmacological and therapeutic potentials of honey. Owing to investigated pharmacological and therapeutic potentials of honey we conclude that honey can be looked upon as a safe and efficacious alternative in management and prevention of various disorders.

Key words: Honey, Pharmacological, Therapeutic, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant.
Characterization, Chemistry, Structural Activity Relationship and Antimicrobial Activities of Tetrahydro-β-carboline
Authors: S.S Devi Nidana , C.S Hima , S Dharan Shaiju
Published: December 2022

Tetrahydro-β-carboline, a derivative of β-carboline alkaloid, is found in a variety of plants, animals, insects, mammals, and human tissues and body fluids. It is found abundantly in nature and includes both natural and synthetic forms. Tetrahydro-β-carboline and their derivatives have been proven to exhibit important biological features, which makes it easier to build novel synthetic techniques for the alteration of Tetrahydro-β-carboline core to create high potential medications.
Tetrahydro-β-carboline was proven to exhibit various pharmacological activities such as antiviral, antileishmanial, anticancer, antifungal, HDAC inhibitor, antithrombotic, antimalarial, analgesic, and anti-AD inhibitor action. The characterization, chemistry, structure activity relationship, and Antimicrobial activities of tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives are highlighted in this review along with recent research and developments in these areas.

Keywords: Tetrahydro-β-carboline, Tetrahydro-pyrido[3,4-b]-indole, Heterocycle, Alkaloid, Structure, Activity, Derivative, Antimicrobial activity, Occurrence.
Classification of Graduation Students of the Faculty of Computers and Multimedia, Universitas Islam Kebangsaan Indonesia Using the Naïve Bayes Classifier Algorithm
Authors: . Mutasar , Fajri T. Irfan , Hasdyna Novia
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study to discuss classification of graduation Students of the Faculty of Computers and Multimedia, Universitas Islam Kebangsaan Indonesia using the naïve bayes classifier algorithm. The methodology used in this study uses a unified modeling language. The results show that the data mining system for classifying graduation Students of the Faculty of Computers and Multimedia, Universitas Islam Kebangsaan Indonesia succeeded in processing datasets, namely training data and sample data to form classes in the classification graduation Students of "Graduated on Time" or "Graduated Late". Processing data mining with the naïve bayes classifier algorithm is able to describe and draw conclusions on large amounts of datasets even though the data is complicated to understand. Research with this web-based system is easy for academics or faculties to use and data processing can be done quickly.

Keywords: Classification, Naïve Bayes Classifier, Algorithm
The Influence of Intellectual Capital on Financial Leverage Through Firm Risk and Profitability
Authors: Harahap Annisa Maulida , Sadalia Isfenti , Irawati Nisrul
Published: December 2022

Data from IDX Statistics 2020 state that the financial sector, especially banking sector has market capitalization rate at 33% of all the total market capitalization in Indonesia. The rate of the market capitalization of banking sector shows that bank sector has a big role in economics of country. This study analyzes the effect of intellectual capital on financial leverage with firm risk and profitability as mediating variables of conventional commercial foreign exchange banks in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data collection method for this research is a literature study and documentation method, that is the financial statements of conventional commercial foreign exchange banks in the Indonesia Stock Exchange that collecting from 2016 to 2020. There are 29 populations who are all sampled. This research method is descriptive data and Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the study show that only VACA, VAIC indicator, shaping the value of intellectual capital. Intellectual capital has a negative and significant effect on financial leverage. Intellectual capital has a positive and significant effect on firm risk. intellectual capital has a positive and significant effect on profitability. Firm risk and profitability are not able to mediate the influence of intellectual capital on financial leverage. Firm risk has a positive and insignificant effect on financial leverage. Profitability has a positive and significant effect on financial leverage.

Keywords: Financial Leverage, Firm Risk, Intellectual Capital, Profitability
Nigeria’s Expensive Politics and Democracy: The Bane of Good Governance
Authors: Mohammed Rabba Jibrin , Abdulkadir Abdullahi
Published: December 2022

The performance of Nigeria’s democracy coupled with its styled politics and governance has raised concern over its sustainability and survivability. One area where the democratic system in Nigeria has remained shamelessly scandalous is in the area of the expensive cost of managing the democratic structures of the state and the people that run them. The view being implied in this article is that Nigeria’s style of democracy with its expensive and corrupt tendencies is frustrating and inhibiting good governance. The extent of Nigeria’s expensive governance and politics is manifested in wasteful spending on personnel cost of political office holders such as Ministers, commissioners, special advisers and other executive and legislative aides who in most cases get paid without performing justifiable functions and responsibilities. Similarly, security votes which are appropriated and used by federal and state governments discretionarily have become conduit pipes for draining our national wealth. The suffocating impact of the high cost of governance on our national life has made it to assume a national emergency dimension. This paper therefore emphasises the need for government across all strata to reduce the cost of politics and governance, block all revenue leakages and channel the country’s wealth and resources to productive ventures so as to entrench good governance and set the country on the path of development. The paper recommends the discontinuation of appointing the ministers of state, the scrapping of security votes and the adoption of a unicameral legislature with a part-time arrangement among others as strategies for reducing the cost of governance.

Keywords: politics, democracy, expensive, good governance, cost
Occupational and medical aspects of occupational morbidity in men with neurosensory hearing loss
Authors: Gurev A. V. , Tukov A. R. , Alexandrova I. V.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Occupational neurosensory hearing loss is one of the most common occupational diseases. So far, there have been no studies in the scientific literature devoted to a retrospective analysis of professional conditions and conditions of medical care organization in case this pathology is detected in workers served by the system of health care institutions of FMBA of Russia.

Materials and methods The study used data from the "Industry register of persons with occupational diseases", accounting documents and regulations that allow an analysis of working conditions and medical care.

Results The rate of neurosensory hearing loss was 31.3 % in the structure of occupational diseases among employees of enterprises and organizations served by FMBA health care institutions of Russia in 2010-2020. The frequency of continuous use of anti-noise personal protective equipment decreased from 77.8 % (2010–2015) to 75.4 % (2016–2020). Occupational neurosensory hearing loss was diagnosed in 79.4 % of workers based on periodic medical examinations and in 20.6 % of workers based on self-referrals. The decision to refer an employee for determination of the degree of disability was made in 16.5 % of cases.

Discussion On the basis of the scientific literature and the results of our study, a proposal to take into account not only physical, but also chemical occupational hazards that aggravate the impact of industrial noise on employee health, as well as the anamnesis of tobacco smoking, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis.

Conclusion The risk group for occupational neurosensory hearing loss is men over 50 years of age. The duration of formation of this pathology is 34,1 ± 1,1 years at the PS level of 90,6 ± 1,0 dB. The importance of optimal organization of periodic medical examinations and the need to control the use of anti-noise personal protective equipment in the workplace is noted.
Peculiarities of central acute vestibular syndrome in patients admitted to the neurological department with suspected stroke
Authors: Monak A. A. , Kulesh A. A. , Karakulova Ju. V.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Analysis of the semiotics and etiological structure of central acute vestibular syndrome (c-AVS) in patients admitted to the neurological department with suspected stroke is important for the development of differential diagnostic algorithms for the timely identification of candidates for reperfusion therapy and early secondary prevention.

The aim of the study was to study the clinical characteristics and determine the etiological structure of the c-AVS in patients admitted to the neurological department with suspected stroke.

Materials and methods We examined 59 patients who were urgently admitted to the neurological department with suspected stroke. A detailed assessment of the otoneurological status (NIHSS and eNIHSS scales, STANDING and HINTS+ algorithms), search for the cause of stroke, and neuroimaging (DWI MRI) were performed.

Results Thirty-four out of 59 patients had c-AVS. Spontaneous nystagmus was observed in 70 % of patients, blast-induced nystagmus in 94 %, unilateral positive impulse test of head rotation in 18 %, acute hearing loss in 21 %, and unexpressed cerebellar dysfunction in 56 %. One third of patients had visualized foci of cerebral lesions – infarcts in cerebellar artery basins (n = 9) and 2 cerebellar hemorrhages. Possible vestibular migraine was diagnosed in seven patients of this subgroup. Two patients were eventually diagnosed with possible Meniere's disease. The etiology of ts-OVS remained unknown in 12 patients.

Discussion This study showed that the principle judgment on the nature of AVS according to STANDING and HINTS+ algorithms did not differ at the primary and repeated examinations, which confirms the effectiveness of using these diagnostic tools in emergency conditions.

Conclusion One in three patients with c-AVS admitted to a neurological department with suspected stroke is identified by neuroimaging; a quarter of patients are eventually diagnosed with possible vestibular migraine and Meniere's disease; in the remaining patients the etiology of dizziness remains unknown.
The physiological role of macronutrients in breast milk (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium) in the development of children of the first year of life
Authors: Sokolova N. S. , Borodulina T. V. , Sannikov N. E.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The first year of life of a child, especially the first six months, is characterized by high rates of growth and development. The influence of the nature of feeding and nutrition is one of the factors determining the harmony of development, the formation of immunological reactivity and resistance to infectious diseases.

The aim of the study was to assess the provision of micronutrients (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium) to nursing women and to determine their impact on the physical and neuropsychological development of children in the first six months of life.

Materials and methods Babies aged 5 days to 6 months and their nursing mothers (n = 53) were prospectively followed up. Anamnestic data, objective examination, evaluation of physical and neuropsychological development, determination of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels in the blood serum of nursing mothers, and determination of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D in breast milk were studied.

Results The indicators of physical development in most of the examined children were within ±2 sigma deviations (SD). In the evaluation of neuropsychological development, Group I children predominated. We found calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D deficiency in breast milk samples (52.8 %; 5.6 %; 17.0 %; 7.7 %, respectively).

Discussion Calcium deficiency in natal milk affects the formation of delayed neuropsychological development of the child, the development of subacute rickets, atopic dermatitis. When breast milk with high phosphorus content is fed, the child's body weight increases. However, the higher the level of magnesium in mother's milk, the lower the z-score on body weight / length and BMI / age in children. Low levels of magnesium in breast milk lead to the development of atopic dermatitis and greater susceptibility of the child to respiratory infections.

Conclusion Inadequate provision of micronutrients to a nursing woman and the identified deviations in the child's health status dictate the need to introduce the monitoring of the actual nutrition of a nursing woman and the assessment of her nutritional status in order to prevent deviations in the health status of the child into outpatient visits of a district pediatrician.
Frequency and risk of adverse reactions to TB therapy in children and adolescents
Authors: Bryukhacheva E. O. , Kholodov A. A. , Pyanzova T. V.
Published: December 2022

Introduction.In the treatment of tuberculosis in children, the proportion of adverse events to therapy can be as high as 55 %, especially at the initial stages of treatment. Timely detection and monitoring of their development can improve the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment.

The aim of the workwas to study the peculiarities of adverse reactions in children and adolescents during antituberculosis therapy for their prediction and timely detection.

Materials and methodsA retrospective cohort study including 243 patients aged 0 to 17 years who received treatment in two major institutions of Kemerovo Oblast – Kuzbass during 2018–2021 was conducted. Statistical processing of the material assessed risk factors for the development of adverse events in the groups with dyspeptic, toxic and allergic reactions.

ResultsIn the course of chemotherapy 88 patients (36.2 %) developed adverse reactions: dyspeptic – in 55 patients (62.5 %), allergic – in 29 (32.9 %) and toxic – in 28 patients (31.8 %). Adverse reactions developed more often in children and adolescents with concomitant diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in the presence of complaints before treatment for tuberculosis, during treatment on IV, V chemotherapy regimens with the presence of Pto, Pas, Lfx and Cm in the scheme, as well as when taking broad spectrum antibiotics and anti-tuberculosis drugs.

DiscussionDespite the involvement in the process of identifying and monitoring the development of adverse reactions in TB treatment in children, the main risk factors for their development have not yet been identified. The study demonstrates the contribution to the development of adverse reactions of such factors as treatment on IV, V chemotherapy regimens, comorbid GI diseases, presence of complaints during hospitalization in a TB hospital and taking antibiotics together with antituberculosis drugs.

ConclusionUndesirable phenomena were mostly observed at the start of antituberculosis therapy. Allergic, toxic and dyspeptic reactions occurred most frequently in the study group. The risk factors for their development were: IV, V chemotherapy regimens (OR = 2.5), presence of Pto (OR = 2.7), Pas (OR = 3.0), Lfx (OR = 2.3) and Cm in the CT regimen (OR = 3.8), comorbid GI diseases (OR = 3.5), complaints during hospitalization in the TB hospital (OR = 1.8) and taking antibiotics together with antituberculosis drugs (OR = 2.5).
Remember Leptospirosis: two cases report
Authors: Seara Vera , Mandim Andreia , Vasconcelos Joana , Moça Rita
Published: December 2022

Leptospirosis has a wide variety of clinical manifestations, from asymptomatic to vital organ involvement. Its significant morbidity highlights the importance of recognizing and identifying how leptospirosis can be acquired and transmitted. With adequate management, the disease can be treated with no complications. The authors describe two patients, a couple from a rural area in Portugal, presenting with different manifestations of the same disease a month apart between hospitalizations. Both experienced kidney and liver dysfunction, and although having different therapeutic approaches, both had a favorable evolution. Recognition of leptospirosis based on clinical symptoms and specific laboratory clues may allow early initiation of therapy. Occupational exposure is a significant risk factor. Vaccination and awareness programs are essential for reducing the risk.
A new Validated UV-visible Spectrophotometric Method for the Estimation of Pregabalin in its pure and dosage form using Bromophenol blue
Authors: A Surendran Swapna , K Akshay , V Anaswara , S Divya , Venugopalan Vismaya
Published: December 2022

A new simple, accurate precise, cost effective, rapid and sensitive UV-Visible spectrophotometric method was developed for the estimation of Pregabalin in its pure and dosage form using Bromophenol blue. The developed method was validated as per ICH guideline in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, ruggedness, LOD and LOQ. In this method the solvent used for the preparation of Pregabalin was distilled water. The method is based on the formation of brown colored ion-pair complex of Pregabalin with Bromophenol Blue reagent. The ion pair complex was produced in presence of Acid Phthalate Buffer of pH 3. The developed brown colour was stable at room temperature. The developed brown coloured complex showed maximum absorbance at 592nm. Linearity was found in the concentration range of 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90µg/ml with regression coefficient value 0.995. Precision studies for intra-day and inter-day shows that percentage relative standard deviation was within range of acceptable limit. The recovery studies were carried out at three percentage levels that is 50%, 100% and 150% levels. The results shows that the method was found to be accurate. The limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 10.91µg/ml and limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be 33.06µg/ml. A ruggedness study was carried out using different analysts; assure that the method was rugged. Hence the method can be applied for routine quality control of the drug.
A Review of Analytical Methods for the Estimation of Ivabradine and Metoprolol in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Matrices
Authors: Eswarudu M. M. , Kumar B. Vinay , Babu P. Srinivasa
Published: December 2022

The combination of Ivabradine (IVA) and Metoprolol (MET) was approved by US-FDA for symptomatic treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris. This Review focuses on recent development in analytical methods for IVA and MET. This review article represents the collection and discussion of various analytical methods available in the literature for the determination of IVA and MET individually and combination available in pharmaceutical and biological samples consisting of HPLC, HPTLC, GC, Thermal methods like TGA, DTA, DSC, and hyphenated techniques such as LC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and UPLC-MS/MS. All reported methods found to be simple, accurate, economic, precise and reproducible in nature. The present review article can be effectively explored to conduct future analytical investigation for the estimation of Ivabradine and Metoprolol.
Impact Assessment of Industry-wise Investment returns in the Disinvestment Milieu: Experiential Substantiation from CPSEs in India
Authors: Ghosh Sudipta , Aithal P. S.
Published: December 2022

Investment return is employed to assess the effectiveness of an investment. Thus, investment return helps to evaluate the return of a particular investment in relation to the price of its investment. The Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) in India have been recognized to serve the broad macro-economic objectives of fiscal augmentation, self-sufficiency in the production, etc. However, these goals could not be achieved up to the chosen level. Accordingly, from the fiscal year 1991-92, the Govt. of India adopted the mechanism of disinvestment of the CPSEs in order to ensure most favorable exploitation of national capital and to increase fruitful competency of the CPSEs in India. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to examine the behavior of industry-wise investment returns of the Indian CPSEs with a view to assess their impact in the uninterrupted disinvestment milieu during the period 2010-11 to 2019-20. The study employed popular accounting ratios and statistical test to measure the impact of investment returns at industry-wise level of the CPSEs in India. On the whole, findings of the study concluded that majority of the selected industries have not shown any significant impact in investment returns. In terms of significant results, negative impacts in investment returns are more than that of positive impacts in investment returns among the selected industries. Further, majority of the negative impacts in investment returns are observed among the industries under manufacturing sector, while most of the positive impacts in investment returns are observed among the industries under service sector. Secondary data is used in the study. Furthermore, consolidated published fiscal data are applied in the study. Therefore, it is subject to all the limitations that are inherent in the consolidated published data. The current study has examined investment returns of the CPSEs at industry-wise level. Hence, this study could be extended at firm level (i.e., company-wise level) by selecting companies within each industry of the CPSEs.
Bhagabat Gita and Leadership: A Correlation between the Supremacy and Practicalism
Authors: Chakraborty Anupam
Published: December 2022

This article shows the correlation between the Bhagabat Gita which shows the ultimatum of reality and leadership in organizations. There are several studies made on these albeit topics based on various perspectives; however, only a small number of studies have shown the integration between Bhagabat Gita and ideal leadership. As a result, this article will not only fill the blank spot between the orthodox ancient legacy and the modern organizational scenario but it’ll also connect the dots between ancient Indian Philosophy and modern technological development. From per general perspective, Bhagabat Gita shows the path of enlightenment which not only helps to be spiritually developed but also helps a leader in upliftment on the ladder of career. Generally, the Spiritual perspective is only the fringe of the Bhagabat Gita, but if a prudent ambassador has that vigor to dive deep down into the ocean of Bhagabat Gita, then he/she can find the nectar of wisdom that will enable them to build not only the edifices of positive energy but also will get rid of the sycophancy of negative rulers. Bhagabat Gita shows the sacred root to unleash the skills to develop such qualities which enable them to be a better and ideal guide to their followers.
Determinants of Household Healthcare Expenditure: A Study in Purulia District, West Bengal
Authors: Bhattacharya Santanu , Kumar Jana Sebak
Published: December 2022

According to World Health Organization health is considered as "state of complete physical, psychological, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”. Healthy people are considered to be the heart of the nation’s growth. Household healthcare expenditure has been a subject of discourse in the field of Health Economics for quite some time now. This is due to the fact that healthcare expenditure has been on the increase globally and there is the need to determine the factors that influencing household healthcare expenditure. The specific objectives of the present study are to analyze the socio-economic and health expenditure characteristics of households in Kashipur block, to determine the factors that influencing healthcare expenditure of the households in Kashipur block. We have visited randomly selected three villages of Kashipur block in Purulia district, West Bengal and surveyed two hundred households. We have used some simple statistical tools and bar diagram for the pictorial exposition of the data. For statistical analysis of data we have used One-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s method as our post hoc test and multiple regression model. The findings of the study reveal that monthly average health expenditure differs across social category and major source of income of the households. The explanatory variables like monthly average family income, social category, household head’s education, number of members in a household above 60years, having at least one member who consume medicines during the whole year and mode of treatment are found to have significant impact on the household average monthly health expenditure. Some explanatory variables like at least one member in a households having Swasthya Sathi card or not, having livestock or not and number of meals a household consume per day becomes insignificant bur their coefficient has expected sign.