bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intensifying Efficacy of the Industrial Sector in the Function of Acceleration of Economic Growth in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Gadžo Amra , Babajic Amra , Nuhanovic Amra
Published: October 2024

This paper provides a critical aspect of the position of the industrial sector in the transition economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina. If we observe sectors C-exploitation of coal and stone, D-processing industry, E-production and distribution of electric power, gas and steam, as per NACERev.1 classification, and sectors B-exploitation of coal and stone, C-processing industry, D-distribution of electric power, E-water, sanitation and recycling as per NACERev.2 classification, then from 2007 until 2012, their participation amounts to: 14.49%, 14.37%, 14.20%, 14.02%, 13.80%, 12.75% respectively. The paper observes the internal and the external reasons of the poor state of the industrial sector, and determines a possibility of its strengthening through recommendations that sum up results of the conducted research.
The Potential of Human Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome Based Topical Gel for Therapeutic Application
Authors: Widowati Wahyu , Faried Ahmad , Gunanegara Rimonta Febby , Rahardja Fanny , Zahiroh Fadhilah Haifa , Sutendi Annisa Firdaus , Salfa Nindya Faradhina , Azis Rizal , Ekajaya Renandy Kristianlie
Published: October 2024

Background: Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) might be worsened by neuropathy and vascular issues. This condition can cause 14.3% fatality, stressing the need for effective wound healing therapy. Wound healing is a complex biological process, and human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hWJMSCs) may help manage DFU treatment issues. This research focuses on utilizing a gel carrier to deliver bioactive substances from Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells secretome (hWJ-MSCs-Sec) as a possible treatment for DFU.
Methods: To maintain quality, hWJMSCs-Sec is thoroughly mixed with carbomer gel and freeze-dried. ELISA test is performed to determine the characterization of the gel of hWJMSCs-Sec such as Keratinocyte Growth Factor (KGF), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), and Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor (HB-EGF). The antioxidant activity was also measured with Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Nitric oxide (NO), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. Proliferation assay was utilized using WST-8 and the wound healing potential was assessed via the migration cell ability of scratched-human skin fibroblast (BJ cells).
Results: The freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec showed higher levels of KGF, HGF, PDGF, EGF, HB-EGF, and the antioxidant activities compared to fresh hWJ-MSCs-Sec. Additionally, the gel of freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec exhibited higher levels compared to the gel of fresh hWJMSCs-Sec. This was evidenced by faster closure of scratched wounds on BJ cells treated with hWJMSCs-Sec and freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec gel.
Conclusion: The freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec gel exhibits superior quality compared to the non-freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec gel. This demonstrates that the freeze-drying procedure can maintain the bioactive chemicals found in hWJMSCs-Sec, potentially enhancing the efficacy of this gel in promoting cell regeneration for wound healing.
Prehabilitation Interventions for Cardiac Surgery to Prevent Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Junhua , Li Hui , Yan Wenjuan , Xue Na , Yin Jin , Nawsherwan . , Yin Sha
Published: October 2024

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are associated with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. We aimed to investigate the effect of preoperative interventions on PPCs and length of intensive care unit and hospital stay in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.   
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on randomized or quasi-randomized trials by searching PubMed, Medline, ISI Web of Science, Science Direct, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and the Cochrane Library for all available years until December 2023. Our primary outcomes were PPCs including atelectasis and Pneumonia and secondary outcomes were length of intensive care unit and hospital stay.   
Results: Twenty-one included trials provide data on 2895 participants. The preoperative intervention of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) significantly reduced the PPCs including atelectasis (OR: 0.49, 95%CI: 0.28, 0.86) and Pneumonia (OR: 0.41, 95%CI: 0.25, 0.67) in cardiac patients compared with the control group. Preoperative exercise training intervention is significantly associated with a lower risk (OR: 0.15, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.38) of composite PPCs (i.e. atelectasis and Pneumonia) in the intervention group. Preoperative IMT significantly reduced the postoperative hospital stay by -1.57 days (95% CI: -2.33, -0.81) in the intervention group. Preoperative exercise training significantly decreased the postoperative intensive care unit stay by -2.22 hours (95% CI: -3.05, -1.38) and hospital stay by -1.82 days (95% CI: -3.38, -0.27) in the intervention group.   
Conclusion: Preoperative intervention of IMT and exercise training significantly reduce PPCs and hospital stay in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
4-Methyl-N-(Piperidin-1-Ylmethylene) Benzenesulfonamide (PMSA) Promotes Ferroptosis of Tumor Cells by Targeting the KEAP1-NRF2-GPX4 Axis
Authors: Sun Bingchun , Zhao Guangyu , Zhang Ligang , Hou Jianji , Wu Binhua
Published: October 2024

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of 4-methyl-N-(piperidin-1-ylmethylene) benzenesulfonamide (PMSA) on tumor cell proliferation, migration, ferroptosis, and the potential molecular mechanism of ferroptosis in tumor cells.
Methods: PMSA was produced in the marine biomedical research institute of Guangdong Medical University (Zhanjiang, China) and used for tumor cells treatment. MTT and cell colony formation assays were used to measure the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, the scratch assay was used to identified the suppression of tumor cell migration, the death of tumor cells was measured by Annexin-V-FITC/PI staining, the level of ferroptosis-relative lipid ROS in tumor cells was measured by flow cytometry and MDA detection kit, and the expression of ferroptosis-relative protein was measured by Western blot. The Discovery Studio system was used for molecular docking and the binding ability was measured by cellular thermal shift assay.
Results: The PMSA we produced inhibited tumor cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and triggered cell death, and Fer-1 could reverse these effects. The amount of ROS and MDA levels in tumor cells was also markedly raised by PMSA. PMSA treatment significantly reduced the expression of SLC7A11/XCT, NRF2, and GPX4 in tumor cells. The phosphorylation level of NRF2 was also decreased. Through molecular docking, it was discovered that PMSA could bind to NRF2 and thereby block its activity.
Conclusion: The KEAP1-NRF2-GPX4 axis was the target of PMSA’s anti-tumor action, which results in ferroptosis of tumor cells. This demonstrated that the compound has the potential to be used as a candidate for anti-tumor drugs.
Impact of Acne on the Quality of Life of Adolescents in the Territory of the Northern and Southern Regions of Montenegro
Authors: Popovic Ana , Bojic Milica Djurovic , Djurovic Milena , Bojic Milos , Pjescic Tanja
Published: October 2024

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly known as a disease of adolescents. We aimed to assess the quality of life of adolescents with acne in the territory of northern and southern regions of Montenegro.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024, in four secondary schools in the north and south of Montenegro with total number of 561 subjects. To assess the quality of life of adolescents with acne we used the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index and to measure acne-related disability we used The Cardiff Acne Disability Index.
Results: The average value of the total CDLQI score among adolescents from the northern region of Montenegro was 4.45±3.31, and 4.03±3.50 among southern region. The average value of the total CADI score among adolescents from the northern region of Montenegro was 3.56±1.77, and 3.50±1.98 among adolescents from the southern region. A statistically significantly higher mean value of sub scores in adolescents from the northern region compared to adolescents from the southern region existed in the domain of symptoms and feelings, vacation and treatment (P< 0.05). The regression analysis was also performed.
Conclusion: This study confirms the negative impact of acne on the quality of life of Montenegrin adolescents, especially those in the northern region. It is necessary to give more attention to the acne problems from doctors, and to increase awareness among adolescents and provide them early and the most effective therapy.
Publicidade, educação e cidadania reflexões a partir de prática educomunicativa com crianças
Authors: Craveiro Pâmela , Nolasco Rucks Arthur Germano , Toledo de Freitas Thiago
Published: October 2024

Neste artigo, apresentamos análise sobre a possibilidade do uso da publicidade como suporte pedagógico para aprofundar habilidades de literacia publicitária de crianças ao (re)pensar a falta de diversidade social nos anúncios. Para alcançar tal objetivo, usamos pesquisa bibliográfica para discutir a perspectiva socioeducacional da publicidade, e mobilizamos pressupostos da pesquisa-ação para realizar oficina educomunicativa com crianças da cidade de Cuiabá-MT.  A pesquisa demonstrou  a importância da construção de canais de diálogo com crianças para que elas organizem, aprofundem e expressem o que pensam sobre temáticas que atravessam a comunicação publicitária. Além disso, evidenciou o potencial do uso da publicidade como suporte pedagógico para estimular suas habilidades de apropriação crítica, criativa e cidadã da publicidade.
Seeds and farmers' rights as drivers of change on food systems
Authors:   Seed Savers Network, Kenya, Munyiri Tabitha
Published: October 2024

In the heart of Kenya's vibrant agricultural landscape lies a fundamental aspect crucial for food security, cultural heritage, and economic resilience: the right to seed. Embedded within the fabric of traditional farming practices, the right to seed encompasses the freedom of farmers to save, exchange, and utilize traditional and farmer-bred seeds. In Kenya, as in many other countries, this right is not only a legal concept but a cornerstone of agricultural sovereignty. However, its preservation faces challenges in the face of globalization, corporate interests, and evolving intellectual property regimes. Yet, amidst these challenges, significant strides are being made, with collaborative efforts at the global level, particularly through initiatives led by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA), aimed at promoting and protecting farmers' rights. Every smallholder farmer has the right to safe, nutritious and healthy food and the ability to sustain themselves and their societies with the existing endorsed resources. The concept of farmers’ rights came out as a subject of debate in international agricultural circles, spearheaded by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO). This includes the right to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seed and propagating materials, the right to protect traditional knowledge among others. In developing countries, the right to seed is a fundamental aspect of agricultural sovereignty and food security. This still emulates the subject debate from FAO. However, attention in scientific literature and policy circles for both seeds and farmers’ rights are compromised. This paper employs mediation analysis to explore the causal relationship between seed rights, farmers' rights, and food sovereignty, highlighting the pivotal role of smallholder farmers in shaping sustainable food systems. The findings underscore the importance of inclusive policies that prioritize farmers' rights and empower local communities to sustainably manage their seed resources. Key words: Farmer-managed seeds, seed banks, Access, smallholder farmers and benefit-sharing
“I Have Come Because I See You Care About Me”: Recruiting Older Black Americans for Genomic Research
Authors: Winship Jodi M. , Mackiewicz Marissa , Babar Muhammad , Dixon Dave L. , Price Elvin T. , Sargent Lana J.
Published: October 2024

The lack of diversity in genomic studies is a disparity that influences our understanding of human genomic variation and threatens equity in the benefits of precision medicine. Given our current genomic research with Black older adults, we conducted a qualitative study to elucidate participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about genomic research and research participation and what factors contribute to their willingness to participate and to gain insights into barriers that researchers may have in recruiting Black Americans. We conducted semistructured interviews (N=16) with previous genomic research participants, and an inductive thematic approach was used to code and interpret the data. The mean age was 70, 82% reported <$15,000 annual income, and 100% participated in genomic research. The results note that genomic research is poorly understood despite participation in prior genomic studies, and cultural beliefs about health and managing health impact an individual’s research participation. Although not all participants identified with historical distrust, those who did report health system distrust also contributed distrust in research. Relationship building facilitates research participation, especially when perceived as personally relevant and meaningful. Participant incentives and convenience to engage in the study are less important if the personal benefits or relevance of the research are clear. Our results provide new context into the importance of relationship building and research literacy and highlight new considerations for engaging racially diverse populations in research.
A 62-Year-Old Organization Battling the Maternal Health Crisis: The Lamaze of Today
Authors: Quevedo Silvia
Published: October 2024

A short opinion piece showcasing the history of Lamaze as an organization at the forefront of maternal infant health. It explores some myths about Lamaze and childbirth educators working to address safe pregnancy and birth while ensuring parents are given tools and support to navigate their birth journey.
La espirometría en atención primaria en salud
Authors: Vargas López Angela María , Gaviria Higuera Julieth Natalia , Robles Arciniegas Karol Dayana , Manrique Abril Fred Gustavo , Herrera Amaya Giomar Maritza
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La espirometría es una prueba fundamental en la atención primaria de salud, desempeñando un papel crucial en la evaluación precisa de la función pulmonar y el diagnóstico certero de afecciones respiratorias. Esta técnica no invasiva permite cuantificar los volúmenes y flujos aéreos durante la espiración forzada, facilitando la identificación de patrones restrictivos u obstructivos y la determinación de la gravedad de los trastornos respiratorios. La prevalencia de enfermedades respiratorias a nivel mundial subraya la importancia de esta prueba, ya que millones de personas padecen afecciones como el asma y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC), lo que representa una carga significativa para los sistemas de salud. La espirometría se ha posicionado como la técnica de elección para confirmar limitaciones en el flujo aéreo y detectar de manera temprana los riesgos asociados a estas patologías, contribuyendo así a la prevención y al control de las mismas. La correcta interpretación de los resultados espirométricos, particularmente los índices de volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (FEV1) y la relación FEV1/capacidad vital forzada (FVC), es esencial para establecer un diagnóstico preciso y orientar el tratamiento adecuado. Por otro lado, la capacitación del personal sanitario en la técnica espirométrica y en la interpretación de sus resultados es un aspecto fundamental para garantizar la calidad de la atención y optimizar el manejo de los pacientes con afecciones respiratorias. Es imprescindible la implementación de programas de educación continuada en este ámbito para fortalecer las competencias de los profesionales de la salud y promover el uso racional de esta valiosa herramienta diagnóstica.
Peripartal cardiomyopathy: literature review and clinical case description
Authors: Panchuk Yu. P. , Yaroslavtsev M. Yu. , Polonnikova A. A. , Kurmanbaev T. E. , Timoshkova Yu. L. , Krasnoperova D. V. , Belozerova D. N. , Gurinovich V. V. , Davletova A. K.
Published: October 2024

The cardiovascular system during pregnancy undergoes a number of compensatory and adaptive changes, such as an increase in heart rate, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance, which causes an increase in the load on the myocardium. Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a serious polyetiological complication of pregnancy and the postpartum period, as well as an important cause of disability and mortality for both mother and fetus. The non-specificity of complaints and the paucity of clinical symptoms in the early stages of the disease lead to delayed diagnosis and significantly increase the frequency of unfavorable outcomes. In the article we present our own clinical observation of the acute development of severe peripartum cardiomyopathy in a multipregnant woman at 36 weeks of gestation, complicated by cardiogenic shock and antenatal fetal death.
The Scientific Journal "Vestnik of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ": History, Challenges, and Perspectives
Authors: Shabalin V. N. , Lysov N. A. , Pavlova O. N. , Supil'nikov A. A. , Samsonova E. A. , Anosova E. Yu. , Yaremin B. I.
Published: October 2024

The paper analyzes the trajectory of development of the scientific periodical "Bulletin of the Medical Institute 'REAVIZ': Rehabilitation, Doctor and Health", examining the key challenges and problematic aspects faced by the journal's editorial board in the course of its current work. Overall, attention is paid to the systematic correction of the main vectors of improving editorial policy in accordance with the best international practices of publishing scientific journals, issues of improving the quality of published materials, deepening the review processes and strict selection of articles for publication, attracting authors from various regions of Russia and foreign countries, analyzing the prospects for developing the practice of publishing accompanying digital data and resources along with textual materials, increasing citation and indexing of the journal in authoritative databases, as well as promoting an open access policy. Based on the results of the analysis, specific plans for the further progressive development of the journal "Bulletin of the Medical Institute 'REAVIZ'" are formulated.
The role of immunotolerance in immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation
Authors: Anosova E. Yu. , Poludkin I. A. , Kazymov B. I.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Some achievements related to liver transplantation in the field of infectious complications, rejection treatment and surgical tactics have also contributed to improving patient survival. Nevertheless, it is true that the huge progress made in the field of transplantation is mainly due to the emergence of safe and effective immunosuppressive drugs. But complications from immunosuppressive drugs are still a significant problem and the ability to give up immunosuppressants altogether or significantly reduce the dose will help solve it. Aim: to present a review of the literature and to analyze the main aspects of immunotolerance in immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation. Materials and methods: Foreign and Russian literature on the topic of immunotolerance and immunosuppressive therapy was used. The search for literary data was carried out in international databases (PubMed/MedLine, ResearchGate), as well as in the scientific electronic library of Russia (eLIBRARY.RU ) for the period 2019– 2024. Conclusion. Undoubtedly, the rejection of immunosuppressive therapy is a brilliant prospect for recipients not only of the liver, but also of other donor organs, therefore, with the future development of interdisciplinary and multifactorial research, the use of various new experimental methods may provide more opportunities and theoretical guidance to find a way to achieve tolerance in liver transplantation.
Akut Lenfoblastik Lösemili çocuk hastalarda Hedefe Yönelik Yaklaşımlar
Authors: Özdemir Zeynep Canan , Öztürk Yüksel
Published: October 2024

Akut lenfoblastik lösemi (ALL), olgunlaşmamış lenfosit formlarının kemik iliğinde kontrolsüz bir şekilde çoğalması nedeni oluşan malign bir hastalıktır. Ülkemizde çocukluk çağının en sık görülen kanseridir. Hastaların %75ini B hücreli ALL (B-ALL), %25ini T hücreli ALL (T-ALL) oluşturur. Çağdaş tedavi yaklaşımları, ALL için 5 yıllık olaysız sağkalım ve genel sağkalım oranlarını sırasıyla %80 ve %90'ın üzerine çıkarmış ve kümülatif nüks riskini %10'un altına düşürmüştür. Nüks olan %10’luk hasta grubunda tedavi sonuçlarında ve yaşam kalitesinde daha fazla iyileşme sağlanması için yeni terapötik yaklaşımların kullanılması ve geliştirilmesi gereklidir. Relaps/refrakter (R/R) prekürsör B- ALL’de moleküler hedefli tedaviler, standart kemoterapilerin neden olduğu toksisitelerin yükünü azaltmada ve kalıntı hastalık ile mücadele etmede önemli fırsatlar sunar.
RECEPTION OF THE QUR’AN IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors: Nabila Ida Fitri
Published: October 2024

Online Ruqyah is a new phenomenon that has emerged since the digital era began to develop rapidly. Ruqyah, which has been understood and generally practiced in a limited time and scope, is no longer understood as such with the presence of various social media platforms. One of the ruqyah practitioners who utilizes social media as a means of da’wah is Muhammad Faizar. Faizar is one of the pioneers of the spread of ruqyah in Indonesia, and he is present on television. He is also one of the first ruqyah practitioners to use social media as a means of ruqyah. On the YouTube platform, Faizar uploaded a new alternative in the world of ruqyah, namely the practice of online ruqyah. The practice is carried out by uploading videos of ruqyah readings. This paper aims to look at the reception of the living Qur’an that is reflected in it and the extent to which ruqyah can work even though it is done virtually. This research is qualitative and analyzed using the reception theory initiated by Ahmad Rafiq. The results of this study show that ruqyah performed virtually (online ruqyah) can also show its function, namely exegesis and functional reception. Functional reception in the context of Muhammad Faizar’s online ruqyah is informative and performative. Even though they did not meet the ruqyah practitioner directly, some online ruqyah listeners felt the benefits of sharing their online ruqyah experience in the comment column.
Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair of the Mitral Valve in Four Dogs: Preliminary Results on Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Petchdee Soontaree , Pongkan Wanpitak , Lei Jing , Jaturanratsamee Kotchapol , Bootcha Ratikorn , Meepoo Wannisa , Panprom Chattida
Published: October 2024

Mitral valve disease is a common heart disease in dogs. The aim of this study was to describe the cases of dogs that underwent mitral valve repair via a V-clamp device and to provide long-term follow-up data on cardiac function after mitral valve repair. Four dogs with mitral valve regurgitation who experienced coughing, and dyspnea underwent surgical mitral valve repair between December 2023 and March 2024. The patients were evaluated via transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. Echocardiography revealed mitral valve leaflet regurgitation. Mitral valve repair was performed under general anesthesia using a V-clamp device introduced through an introducer wire guide. Echocardiography was conducted at baseline and during the 6-month follow-up. Blood analysis results after surgical repair were normal. Follow-up echocardiography revealed no complications related to the procedure, with all dogs demonstrating improved respiratory signs and quality of life after repair. No adverse reactions were reported after surgery. A V-clamp device was used to repair mitral valve regurgitation in four dogs. Mitral valve repair via a V-clamp device is another treatment option for mitral valve disease in dogs.
Extracellular Matrix as a Target in Melanoma Therapy: From Hypothesis to Clinical Trials
Authors: Mayasin Yuriy P. , Osinnikova Maria N. , Kharisova Chulpan B. , Kitaeva Kristina V. , Filin Ivan Y. , Gorodilova Anna V. , Kutovoi Grigorii I. , Solovyeva Valeriya V. , Golubev Anatolii I. , Rizvanov Albert A.
Published: October 2024

Melanoma is a malignant, highly metastatic neoplasm showing increasing morbidity and mortality. Tumor invasion and angiogenesis are based on remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Selective inhibition of functional components of cell-ECM interaction, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and integrins, may inhibit tumor progression and enhance the efficacy of combination treatment with checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs), chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. In this review, we have combined the results of different approaches targeting extracellular matrix elements in melanoma in preclinical and clinical studies. The identified limitations of many approaches, including side effects, low selectivity and toxicity, indicate the need for further studies to optimize therapy. Nevertheless, significant progress in expanding our understanding of tumor biology and the development of targeted therapies holds great promise for the early approaches developed several decades ago to inhibit metastasis through ECM targeting.
Thin and Flexible PANI/PMMA/CNT Forest Films Produced via a Two-Step Floating Catalyst Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Papadopoulou Foteini-Maria , Soulis Spyros , Trompeta Aikaterini-Flora A. , Charitidis Costas
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we explore a straightforward two-step method to produce high purity, vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Two distinct solutions are utilized for this CVD method: a catalytic solution consisting of ferrocene and acetonitrile (ACN), and a carbon source solution with camphor and ACN. The vapors of the catalytic solution inserted in the reaction chamber through external boiling, result in a floating catalyst CVD approach that produces vertically aligned MWCNTs in a consistent manner. MWCNTs are grown in a conventional CVD horizontal reactor, at 850°C under atmospheric pressure, and characterized by Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Coating the MWCNTs with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) while still on the Si substrate, retains the structure and results in a flexible, conductive thin film suitable for electrodes. The film is 62 μm thick and stable in aqueous solutions, capable of withstanding further processes such as electropolymerization with polyaniline, to be used for energy storage applications.
Silicon Induces Salt Stress Amelioration in Sunflower Plants by Improving Photosynthetic Pigments and Mineral Status
Authors: Calero Hurtado Alexander , Aparecida Chiconato Denise , Sousa Junior Gilmar da Silveira , Prado Renato de Mello , Peña Calzada Kolima , Olivera Viciedo Dilier
Published: October 2024

This research aimed to explore the effects of Silicon (Si) on managing hydrogen peroxide levels, photosynthetic pigment content, nutrient accumulation, and the production of root and shoot dry biomass in salt-stressed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants. Conducted in a glasshouse, the experiment followed a completely randomized block design in a factorial arrangement (2 × 2) and five replicates. Pots were divided into two groups: non-salt stressed, and salt stressed (100 mM NaCl), both with Si (2 mM as stabilized sodium and potassium silicate) and without Si. The study found that Si effectively reduced hydrogen peroxide concentration and enhanced photosynthetic pigments, nutrient status, and plant growth. The results showed that Si alleviated salt stress effects in sunflower plants by significantly lowering hydrogen peroxide levels and increasing photosynthetic pigments and nutrient accumulation, leading to greater root and shoot dry biomass. These findings indicate that adding Si to the growth medium is crucial for enhancing resistance to salt-induced ionic and osmotic stress, making it a promising strategy for improving crop growth and management in saline conditions.
Sewage Sludge in Agricultural Lands. The Legislative Framework in EU-28
Authors: Koumoulidis Dimitrios , Varvaris Ioannis , Pittaki Zambella , Hadjimitsis Diofantos
Published: October 2024

Incorporating sewage sludge (SS) into soils presents a cost-effective and environmentally friendly option compared to conventional farming practices. However, SS could be perceived as a double-edged sword, as it may contain a broad spectrum of contaminants, posing threats to soil, underground waters, food chains and human health. Even from an epidemiology perspective, the COVID-19 pandemic has instigated debates regarding the potential health risks associated with SS.
The handling of SS is emerging as a significant issue in the European Union (EU), primarily due to its increasing utilization and the presence of contaminants such as heavy metals (HMs), microplastics (MPs), Pharmaceuticals in the Environment (PIE), and personal care products (PSPs). The Council Directive 86/278/EEC governs the limits of HMs when SS is utilized in agriculture. However, the Directive is enacted diversely throughout EU member states (MS), with their national legislations highlighting differences, gaps and various approaches in implementing the Council Directive. The Directive, which has been in force since 1986, has not undergone any significant revisions until the recent disclosure of a revised version in May 2023. The executive summary of the evaluation of the Council Directive 86/278/EEC (SWD-2023) – {final 158} specifies maximum concentrations of six HMs in SS among its regulatory measures.
This article delves into capturing the current legal framework that defines and delimits the processes and obligations of EU MS regarding SS's management, treatment, and agriculture amendment. The primary objective is to explore the qualitative and quantitative differences/discrepancies between the MS National legislation and point out discontinuities and gaps, thus setting forward a cohesive step for future revisions and updates of the relevant legislation.
Part of the article's results reflect the different approaches to permissible limits of HMs concentrations in the EU MS and between international organizations such as the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Moreover, the total absence of MPs and other Common Soil Pollutants (antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, etc.) limit values are evidence of the gaps in the current legislative framework.
Simulation of Wind Flow Field in the Main Campus of Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology
Authors: Abedin Mohammad Zoynal , Sumon Md. All Amin , Reja Rafiqul Islam , Hamam Md. Rajib , Imdad Ashif , Hasan Shamim
Published: October 2024

Analysis of the construction of tall buildings is important because of the changes in the microclimate in its vicinity. Ensuring wind comfort and pedestrian safety are critical requirements in urban environments. This paper reports on the wind flow field at the main campus of the Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology (DUET), Gazipur, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate pedestrian wind comfort and safety. The simulations were conducted in ANSYS Fluent employing the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation. The vertical profile of the streamwise wind speed was validated using the existing observations. The results revealed that the wind speed at the building corners was higher than the air inlet velocity, whereas the wind speeds in the walkways among the buildings were found to vary. The velocity vectors surrounding the building were densely packed, with a recirculation vortex formed in the upstream flow. Furthermore, walkways can display a lower mean wind velocity coupled with high turbulence kinetic energy (TKE). The turbulent kinetic energy is seen to be as high as 1.52 m2 s-2 which exceeds the threshold limit, while wind velocity is 1.81 m/s at the same point. These findings highlight potential pedestrian safety risks and underscore the need for urban design enhancements.
Establishment of a Rapid and Precise Nutritional Screening Method for Convalescent Rehabilitation Patients
Authors: Okamoto Kozue , Kogirima Miho , Tsuji Yoshiro , Ishino Shinsuke , Inoue Hiromasa
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Malnutrition significantly hinders the recovery of patients undergoing convalescent rehabilitation. Proper nutritional management can improve rehabilitation outcomes. This study aimed to establish a novel nutritional screening method (J-Method) specifically for convalescent rehabilitation patients and compare it to the widely used Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Methods: We developed the J-Method for convalescent rehabilitation settings and compared its results with that of the MNA-SF. The J-Method comprised six items derived from various nutritional screening methods and obtained solely from medical records, without patient interviews. Data were collected from 148 patients aged > 65 years with cerebrovascular diseases admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation ward (CRW). Nutritional status was evaluated using the J-Method and MNA-SF, and results were compared. Results: The J-Method more precisely identified patients as malnourished than the MNA-SF. The results of nutritional screening using the J-Method identified patients in need of nutritional management intervention and suggested that, to improve the rehabilitation effect, nutritional management should be initiated in an acute hospital before admission to a CRW. Conclusions: The J-Method may be more effective than the MNA-SF for nutritional screening in convalescent rehabilitation settings as it provides a more accurate assessment of malnutrition without requiring patient interviews.
The Balanced Scorecard Methodology: Performance Metrics and Strategy Execution in SMEs: A Systematic Review
Authors: Muraba Juka , Mamogobo Mogase , Thango Bonginkosi
Published: October 2024

The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a widely recognized strategic performance metric that has been extensively studied in large corporations but remains underexplored in the context of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Understanding the effectiveness of BSC in aligning performance metrics with strategic goals and enhancing performance management in SMEs is critical for fostering growth and competitive advantage. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Balanced Scorecard in measuring performance and strategy execution within SMEs, particularly focusing on financial and non-financial outcomes such as employee motivation, customer satisfaction, and business sustainability. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA framework, incorporating 136 studies sourced from Google Scholar, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. Eligibility criteria focused on publications from the last ten years that address the implementation of BSC in SMEs. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies were included, with 49.63% of studies using quantitative methods, 26.67% qualitative, and 23.70% mixed-methods. Risk of bias was assessed using the Chrohane tool, revealing high risks in 90 studies due to incomplete outcome data and selective reporting. The review found that 74% of studies adopted a holistic approach by focusing on all four BSC perspectives (Financial, Customer, Internal Processes, and Learning and Growth). ROI emerged as the most frequently discussed key performance indicator, addressed in 36.84% of publications, while customer satisfaction and employee engagement were covered in 26.32% each. Geographic disparities were observed, with most of the research concentrated in Asia and Europe (40%) and only 8% in Africa. Despite positive outcomes such as improved business sustainability and competitive advantage (38.52% of studies), challenges persisted, including poor strategy execution and limited resources, necessitating careful customization of BSC to SME-specific contexts. The Balanced Scorecard demonstrates significant potential in enhancing performance management and strategic execution within SMEs, particularly when tailored to address unique constraints such as resource limitations. This review highlights the need for further research to standardize key performance indicators and explore sector-specific applications. By addressing these gaps, the BSC can be more effectively utilized to drive growth, agility, and long-term competitive advantage in SMEs.
Groundwater Quality and Vulnerability Assessment in the Nakivale Sub-catchment of the Transboundary Lake Victoria Basin, Uganda
Authors: Nabala Emmanuel Hyeroba , Kalin Robert M.
Published: October 2024

This study evaluates groundwater quality in the Nakivale sub-catchment, focusing on the inter-play of anthropogenic and geogenic influences. Hydrochemical analysis of 19 groundwater sam-ples revealed that 90% comply with World Health Organization drinking water standards, alt-hough localized contamination concerns were noted, particularly with total iron, nitrate and magnesium. Groundwater quality index indicated that over 90% of the samples fall within good to excellent quality categories. Alignment of nitrate levels with elevated chloride-bromide ratios suggest human impacts, likely from agricultural runoff and wastewater disposal. The irrigation groundwater quality assessment showed that 94% of samples possess low sodium, and medium to high salinity hazards, which could threaten crop productivity due to increasing osmotic stress. Vulnerability assessments indicated low contamination risks, attributed to overlying impermeable geological features, steeply sloping landscape, slow groundwater recharge, high depth to aquifer and clayey soil cover. The findings underscore the necessity for conjunctive management of water resources, incorporating strategies such as enhanced monitoring of groundwater quality, public education on sustainable practices, and protective measures for recharge zones. By addressing these concerns, the study aims to safeguard groundwater resources for both domestic and agri-cultural purposes, ensuring long-term sustainability in the region.
Integrating Indigenous Knowledge with Modern CRM Practices in Indian Banking
Authors: TK SHIBAHATHULLA , ALI PROF DR  MOHAMMED ASHRAF
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the integration of indigenous knowledge with modern Customer Relationship Management (CRM) practices in the Indian banking sector. Through a comprehensive analysis of secondary data from industry surveys, government reports, and academic studies (2018-2023), we explored how this integration impacts customer satisfaction, loyalty, and financial inclusion. Our findings reveal that banks that incorporate indigenous practices experience a 25% increase in customer satisfaction scores, 30% lower churn rates, and 20% higher cross-selling success. Financial inclusion metrics have improved significantly, with rural account ownership increasing from 70% to 85% (2018-2023). We identify five key areas of indigenous knowledge integration: personalized relationship management, community-centric banking, vernacular communication, cultural event-based products, and traditional value-aligned services. Despite the challenges in technology integration and staff training, the successful implementation demonstrates the potential of this approach. This study concludes that integrating indigenous knowledge with CRM practices leads to more culturally relevant and effective banking services, contributing to India's financial inclusion and economic development goals. This study provides a framework for banks to create inclusive strategies that are potentially applicable to other sectors in culturally diverse markets.
Impact of Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) on Serum Concentrations of Cefepime
Authors: Destache Christopher J. , Isern Raul , Kenny Dorothy , El-Herte Rima , Plambeck Robert , Palmer Catherine , Inouye Brent S , Wong Maura , North Eldon Jeffrey , Sotelo Mari Roman , Velagapudi Manasa
Published: October 2024

ECMO is becoming widely used as a life saving measure for critically ill patients. However, there is limited data on pharmacokinetics and dosing of beta-lactam antibiotics in ECMO. In this study, we evaluated the serum concentrations of cefepime in patients on ECMO to determine the impact of ECMO circuitry and to guide therapeutic dosing. Methods: Patients 19 years or older admitted to the ICU, treated with ECMO and beta-lactam antibiotics for presumed or docu-mented infection, were enrolled. Three blood samples (peak, midpoint, trough) were obtained before ECMO (pre-ECMO) and during ECMO (intra-ECMO) at steady state. Results: Eight pa-tients met inclusion criteria; six received cefepime. All patients were male. Average ±SD age was 45.8±14.7. Four patients received ECMO for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, and one each for Pneumocystis pneumonia and influenza A infection. Mean ±SD APACHE II and SOFA scores prior to ECMO were 24.6±7.1 and 11.0±3.9, respectively. All but one received venovenous (VV) ECMO. Cefepime 1 gram every 6 hours intravenously over 2 minutes was administered to all patients before and during ECMO. Cefepime concentrations were fit to a one-compartment model and area under the serum-concentration time curve averaged ± SE 204.6 ± 51.2 pre-ECMO and 344.7 ± 51.5 mg*h/L intra-ECMO, p>0.05. No patients displayed signs of cefepime neurotoxi-city. Patients received ECMO for 43.1± 30 days. All patients expired. Cefepime dosed at 1 gram every 6 hours intravenously appears to achieve therapeutic levels for critically ill patients on ECMO.
Performance of Colilert-18 and qPCR for Monitoring E. coli Contamination at Freshwater Beaches in Michigan
Authors: McNair James N. , Rediske Richard R. , Hart John J. , Briggs Shannon
Published: October 2024

Fecal contamination is a common cause of impairment of surface waters. In monitoring studies, it usually is assessed by measuring concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), a common monitoring target in freshwater systems. In this study, we assess the advantages and disadvantages of two common methods for monitoring E. coli concentrations at freshwater beaches: Colilert-18®, with a turnaround time of ca. 18 h, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), with a turnaround time of ca. 3–4 h. Based on data comprising 3081 pairs of Colilert-18 and qPCR estimates of E. coli concentrations in split samples from Michigan’s annual beach monitoring program in 2019 and 2020, we found that qPCR monitoring detected a high percentage of exceedances of the state’s water quality standard for E. coli contamination that went undetected on the day of sampling with Colilert-18 monitoring, because qPCR concentration estimates were available on the day of sampling but Colilert-18 estimates were not. However, Colilert-18 data were more useful than qPCR data for statistical comparison of contamination levels at different beaches, probably in part because Colilert-18 data showed a much lower percentage of censored concentration estimates (estimates outside the range of quantification).
Premarital Screening Uncovers Alarming Health Risks in Iraq
Authors: Hmood Qammar Shaker , Abd Rawa Abdulkareem , Muttair Riam Yousfe , Mohammed Mohammed Jabbar , Okab Hayder Fadhil
Published: October 2024

Background: Premarital screening programs, implemented globally since the 1970s, aim to improve reproductive health outcomes by identifying potential genetic and infectious risks before marriage. Specific Background: In July 2013, the Thi-Qar Governorate in Iraq introduced a premarital screening program to enhance health outcomes for pregnant women and their offspring. However, regional data on the efficacy and impact of such programs remain limited. Knowledge Gap: The prevalence and distribution of blood disorders and infectious diseases among couples in this region, and their implications for public health, have not been extensively documented. Aims: This study evaluates the pathophysiological status of couples undergoing premarital screening in Nasiriyah, Iraq, focusing on the prevalence of blood disorders and infectious diseases. Results: Data from 14,190 individuals (7095 couples) collected from January to December 2023 revealed significant health concerns: 34.40% had hemoglobin levels below 12 gm/dl, and notable percentages carried thalassemia and sickle cell anemia genes. Gender-specific analysis showed that all males tested positive for HIV, while significant proportions of females tested positive for HCV and T. palladium. No significant differences were found in the ABO blood system. Novelty: This study provides comprehensive, region-specific data on premarital screening outcomes in Iraq, highlighting significant disparities in disease prevalence between sexes and compared to other regions. Implications: The findings underscore the importance of enhancing premarital screening programs and integrating educational and preventive measures. Future research should include longitudinal studies to assess the long-term impact of these screenings and explore the benefits of incorporating genetic counseling to further mitigate hereditary and infectious risks.
Highlights:
 

High prevalence of blood disorders and infections in couples.
Gender differences: all males positive for HIV, significant female infections.
Need for improved education and prevention measures.

 
Keywords: Premarital Screening, Hemoglobinopathies, Infectious Diseases, Nasiriyah, Iraq