bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Germline Predisposition to Hematopoietic Malignancies: An Overview
Authors: Haribabu Yogameenakshi , Bhote Emma , Godley Lucy A.
Published: June 2024

Deleterious germline variants are now recognized as common drivers of hematopoietic malignancies (HMs) and bone marrow failure syndromes. With the increasing use of personalized medicine and the application of tumor-based profiling via next-generation sequencing, diagnosis of HM predisposition occurs with increasing frequency. Although deleterious germline variants can be readily identified by comprehensive clinical testing, numerous barriers exist for many clinicians. Observations regarding particular germline predisposition disorders challenge widely held assumptions about these conditions. Here, we review approaches to germline genetic testing, highlighting key points in a typical patient's course that present challenges for testing and interpreting results. Increasing awareness by health care providers of these conditions and improvements in testing platforms are crucial for enabling a proactive approach to tailoring a suitable treatment plan and surveillance program for the patient and their family members.
Electrical and Ferroelectric Properties of Strontium Doped Lead-Free BCZT Ceramics
Authors: Verma Ritesh , Saini Muskan , Chauhan Ankush , Jasrotia Rohit , Kalia Rahul , Bhardwaj Leena , Thakur Atul
Published: June 2024

Herein, we synthesized Ba0.9-xCa0.1SrxTi0.8Zr0.2O3
(x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) ceramic samples by employing a solid-state reaction technique. The variation of dielectric constant is studied concerning temperature in the range 1 kHz to 1 MHz frequency. Variation of dielectric constant (

ε

r

) with temperature reveals that charge carrier dispersion pushes the transition temperature towards higher frequency. Impedance analysis reveals that the maximum value of the imaginary part of impedance i.e.,

Z

″

maxima, increases in all samples except for x = 0.05, which shows the opposite behaviour. This behaviour is due to the calcium (Ca2+) substitution at the titanium (Ti4+)-site at low doping concentration of Sr2+ ions. Nyquist plots show the presence of a single semi-circular arc, indicating the contribution of resistance and capacitance through grain boundary. PE hysteresis loops reveal that the values of saturation polarization (

P

s

) decrease with increasing Sr-doping, from 10.989 μC cm−2 to 6.586 μC cm−2, whereas the remnant polarization (

P

r

) shows variable values with increasing Sr-doping.
Evaporation-Enhanced Redox Cycling for Rapid Detection of Attomolar SARS-CoV-2 Virions Using Nanolithography-free Electrochemical Devices
Authors: Khamsi Pouya Soltan , Kammarchedu Vinay , Ebrahimi Aida
Published: June 2024

In the fight to control the spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, simple-to-use, sensitive, scalable, and rapid diagnostics are critical for early infection diagnosis. In this regard, electrochemical biosensors are gaining popularity, especially due to miniaturization which lowers background noise and sample volume. However, miniaturization (using nano- and microfabrication techniques) also reduces the signal level, posing challenges for detecting low virus counts. In this work, we developed microfabricated electrochemical sensors with dual-amplification based on evaporation-enhanced redox cycling (E2RC) in a generator–collector configuration. We propose a novel, scalable, nanolithography-free fabrication method to achieve a controllable sub-micrometer gap between 3D interdigitated microelectrodes (IDEs) by combining photolithography with template-driven electrodeposition. Using the optimum IDE design, we first benchmarked the sensor performance with antigen-coated polymeric virus-mimics with similar size and charge as SARS-CoV-2 virions. Specifically, using continuous measurement in evaporating droplets, we demonstrate rapid and ultrasensitive detection and down to 103 particles/mL. Further investigation into particle charge and size explains the role of electrophoretic enrichment on the overall response. We also characterized the sensors using heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and demonstrate the selectivity for detecting SARS-CoV-2 against HCoV-299E, SARS-CoV S1, and MERS-CoV S1 using magnetic capture with antibody-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. The developed method provides an affordable, quick, and scalable alternative for detecting charged particles using established magnetic capture techniques. Furthermore, the proposed sensing scheme may find broad application in developing diagnostics ranging from detecting bacteria, extracellular vesicles, and viruses to molecular tagging assays.
Therapeutic characteristics of alveolar-like macrophages in mouse models of hyperoxia and LPS-induced lung inflammation
Authors: Litman Kymberly , Bouch Sheena , Litvack Michael L. , Post Martin
Published: June 2024

The current findings support the prospective use of stem cell-derived alveolar-like macrophages (ALMs) as a therapeutic for inflammatory lung disease such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during supplemental oxygen therapy where lungs are exposed to high levels of oxygen. Alveolar-like macrophages directly delivered to mouse lungs were found to remain viable, immunologically stable, phagocytic toward live Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and effective in reducing CD11b+ inflammatory cell numbers in LPS-challenged lungs during moderate and extreme hyperoxic exposure.
One Dose Risankizumab Effectiveness in Psoriasis: A Real‐Life Multicentre Study
Authors: Magdaleno-Tapial Jorge , Ortiz-Salvador José María , Santos-Alarcón Sergio , Belinchón-Romero Isabel , Sahuquillo-Torralba Antonio , González-Delgado Víctor , Sabater-Abad Javier , Armengot-Carbó Miquel , Marí-Ruíz Juan Ignacio , Mateu-Puchades Almudena , Mataix-Díaz Javier , Schneller-Pavelescu Luca , Carmena-Ramón Rafael , Martorell Antonio , Sánchez-Carazo José Luis
Published: June 2024

Background. Rapid efficacy is an important item to psoriasis patients. Risankizumab, a humanised immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody that inhibits IL‐23, has demonstrated early and sustained efficacy in patients with moderated‐to‐severe psoriasis. Effectiveness data in real world, particularly regarding short‐term response, however, are scarce. Objective. To explore the short‐term effectiveness of risankizumab in patients with moderate‐severe psoriasis in normal clinical practice. Methods. This was an observational, retrospective, multicentre study carried out at thirteen hospitals in Valencia, Spain. It was conducted on a sample of adult outpatients over 18 years of age, diagnosed with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis who received at least one subcutaneous injection of 150 mg of risankizumab. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was used to assess the short‐term (4 weeks) effectiveness of risankizumab. Results. One hundred and sixteen patients (63.8% men) with a mean age (standard deviation (SD)) of 50 (16) years were included in the study. 90.6% were overweight or obese, and 22.7% were biologic‐naïve. The mean (SD) PASI score decreased from 11.9 (7.2) at the baseline to 3.3 (2.7) at week 4, with a median (SD) PASI score reduction of 8.6 (2.3) (p < 0.05). The absolute PASI score of <2 was reached by 52.6% of patients. Overall, PASI scores of 75, 90, and 100 were achieved in 56%, 37.1%, and 25.9% of patients, respectively, at week 4. PASI 90 was achieved by a significantly higher proportion of naïve patients than biologic‐experience failure patients (59.3% vs. 30.3%; p = 0.01). Conclusion. This study, which reflects our initial risankizumab experience in a real‐life setting, seems to show quick effectiveness in psoriasis treatment after one single dose. This trial is registered with NCT04862286.
Visualising Medical Research: Exploring the Influence of Infographics on Professional Dissemination
Authors: Butdisuwan Sujin , M. Annamma Lovely , Subaveerapandiyan A. , George Biji Thomas , Kataria Sanjay
Published: June 2024

Objective. This study explores the impact of infographics on the professional dissemination of medical research. Recognising the burgeoning volume of data in the medical domain, this research aims to bridge the gap by investigating the efficacy of infographics in rendering complex medical concepts understandable to diverse audiences, including policymakers, patients, and the public. Design. The study uses a cross‐sectional survey to assess medical professionals’ familiarity with infographic design and data visualisation principles. Setting. The research targets medical professionals with published articles across various subfields, including Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology, Pharmacology, Healthcare Management, Medical Imaging, and Public Health. Method. Data collection involves an online survey distributed to potential participants through professional networks and research institutions. The survey encompasses Likert‐scale questions and demographic variables. Ethical considerations include obtaining approval from the institutional review board, ensuring participant consent, and maintaining data anonymity and confidentiality. Results. Demographic analysis reveals a diverse participant profile, with 58.7% male and 41.3% female respondents, spanning various age groups, professional experiences, and geographic locations. Assessing familiarity with infographic design and data visualisation principles demonstrates respondents’ proficiency in certain areas while highlighting potential areas for improvement. Conclusion. The study underscores the multifaceted benefits of infographics in research dissemination, as medical professionals perceive. Infographics can effectively convey various kinds of medical research information across diverse platforms and channels.
CAE, desafios y lecciones
Authors: Romero-Meza Rafael
Published: June 2024

El Crédito con Aval del Estado (CAE) fue creado en 2005 para aumentar el acceso a la educación superior. Ha permitido a más de 1,2 millones de estudiantes financiar sus estudios, pero también ha generado una deuda total de USD 11.900 millones. La tasa de interés del CAE se redujo del 5,8% al 2% en 2012. Sin embargo, la tasa de morosidad ha aumentado significativamente en los últimos años, posiblemente debido a expectativas de condonación del crédito. Esto plantea desafíos y lecciones importantes sobre cómo diseñar y comunicar este tipo de políticas públicas.
Increased Protein Kinase A Activity Induces Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma Features Independent of DNAJB1
Authors: Shirani Mahsa , Levin Solomon , Shebl Bassem , Requena David , Finkelstein Tova M. , Johnson Daniel S. , Ng Denise , Lalazar Gadi , Heissel Søren , Hojrup Peter , Molina Henrik , de Jong Ype P. , Rice Charles M. , Singhi Aatur D. , Torbenson Michael S. , Coffino Philip , Lyons Barbara , Simon Sanford M.
Published: June 2024

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC) is a rare liver cancer that is driven by the fusion of DNAJB1 and PRKACA, the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKA). PKA activity is controlled through regulatory proteins that both inhibit catalytic activity and control localization, and an excess of regulatory subunits ensures PRKACA activity is inhibited. Here, we found an increase in the ratio of catalytic to regulatory units in FLC patient tumors driven by DNAJB1::PRKACA using mass spectrometry, biochemistry, and immunofluorescence, with increased nuclear localization of the kinase. Overexpression of DNAJB1::PRKACA, ATP1B1::PRKACA, or PRKACA, but not catalytically inactive kinase, caused similar transcriptomic changes in primary human hepatocytes, recapitulating the changes observed in FLC. Consistently, tumors in patients missing a regulatory subunit or harboring an ATP1B1::PRKACA fusion were indistinguishable from FLC based on the histopathological, transcriptomic, and drug–response profiles. Together, these findings indicate that the DNAJB1 domain of DNAJB1::PRKACA is not required for FLC. Instead, changes in PKA activity and localization determine the FLC phenotype.

Significance: Alterations leading to unconstrained protein kinase A signaling, regardless of the presence or absence of PRKACA fusions, drive the phenotypes of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, reshaping understanding of the pathogenesis of this rare liver cancer.
Twelve-Month Outcomes of Three Episcleral Surgeries in Treatment of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
Authors: Zhou Zigan , Guo Binghua , Zhou Hantao , Yang Chen , Mei Jinghao , Deng Chuying , Wu Ronghan , Lin Zhong
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes of conventional scleral buckling (CSB), modified scleral buckling (MSB), and scleral encircling (SE) in the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and identify factors influencing the outcomes. Methods: This comparative, retrospective cohort study assigned patients to CSB, MSB, and SE groups. The follow-up was 12 months, and the reattachment rate, complication rate, visual acuity, number of newly discovered tears during surgery, and changes in diopters were compared among the three surgeries. Influential factors on anatomical and functional reattachment were identified. Results: There were no significant differences in the primary reattachment rate, overall complication rate, or best corrected visual acuity at 6 or 12 months among the three groups. The MSB group had a higher number of newly discovered tears during surgery compared with the other two groups. At 12 months of post-surgery, the SE group displayed the greatest change of diopter, whereas the MSB group showed the least change. The surgical approach did not influence the primary reattachment rate. Long-term visual outcomes were influenced by factors including sex, preoperative visual acuity, macular status, and duration of symptoms. Conclusion: MSB is an effective method for treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Its advantages include the ability to identify smaller tears and induce minimal changes in diopter.
Should We Stitch-Close the Fetoscopic Percutaneous Access? A Case-Series of Laparotomy to Trans-Amniotic Membrane Suturing for Intrauterine Port Placement in Fetoscopic Surgery for Twins
Authors: Forde Braxton , Sepulveda Gonzalez Gerrado , Lim Foong-Yen , Arroyo-Lemarroy Tayde , Nava Geurrero Eduardo Noe , Lizarraga-Cepeda Esteban , Habli Mounira , McKinney David , Hoffman Mallory , Peiro Jose L.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Maternal laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic surgery for in-utero myelomeningocele repair has shown that a trans-amniotic membrane suture during fetoscopic port placement can reduce postsurgical complications. Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) for complex twins is typically performed percutaneously without a transmembrane stitch. However, in scenarios without a placental-free window, maternal laparotomy may be used for recipient sac access. Here, we present the outcomes of our series of laparotomy-assisted FLP cases, including a trans-amniotic membrane suturing of the fetoscopic port. Methods: Retrospective series of twin-twin transfusion syndrome or twin anemia-polycythemia sequence (TAPS) cases treated at 2 fetal centers that underwent maternal laparotomy to FLP from September 2017 to January 2023. We recorded preoperative and operative characteristics, as well as pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Results: During the study period, 9 maternal laparotomy to FLP cases were performed. Two were excluded for prior percutaneous FLP in the pregnancy. The remaining seven utilized a maternal laparotomy to trans-amniotic membrane stitch with confirmation of proper suture placement under ultrasound guidance, and all surgeries were performed with a single 10 F Check-Flo® cannula. Mean gestational age (GA) at surgery was 19.1 weeks (range 16 weeks 4 days–23 weeks 3 days), with delivery occurring at a mean GA of 35.0 weeks (range 32 weeks 0 days–37 weeks 1 day), resulting in a mean latency of 15.8 weeks, significantly longer than what is reported in the literature and our own data (mean latency for percutaneous FLP 10.2, 95% CI 9.9–10.5). Furthermore, all cases underwent iatrogenic delivery before labor onset, with the lone delivery prior to 34 weeks due to concern for post-laser TAPS. Conclusion: This case series of laparotomy to FLP with trans-amniotic stitch, demonstrated no cases of spontaneous preterm birth and a longer-than-expected latency from surgery to delivery. Larger studies are warranted to investigate this approach.
Entre Requebrados, Batuques e Liberdades : música, festa e mulher negra no imediato pós-Abolição em Belém-PA (1888-1889)
Authors: Zacarias Camila Nathália Santos
Published: June 2024

The second half of the XIX century was the stage for significant transformations in several areas of the social realm in Brazil, especially the changes in social structures and relationships - highlighting the abolition of slavery in 1888. Considering that newspapers occupied places of influence, as a linker of opinions, here we develop a study based on journalistic sources, investigating the public presence of the black and mestiço population in the immediate post-abolition (1888-1889), in the city of Belém-PA, looking for traces that demonstrate the movement of the popular and ascertaining the views of journalists and literati, paying special attention to a social analysis of the perceptions of journalists and writers over black women in musical and festive manifestations. In this context, the black population already marked their presence against attempts of invisibilization and oppression, guiding their existence and resistance, daily, not only through an organized movement - as were the white abolitionist associations - but, using their bodies, beliefs and traditions. Such individuals employed various uses of music and festivities, using it not only as a means of entertainment, but as an expressive, political, and strategic instrument.
Patrimônio de quem?: a candidatura das fortalezas de Anhatomirim e Ratones à patrimônio da humanidade
Authors: Pereira Pedro Mülbersted , Paim Elison Antonio
Published: June 2024

A Fortaleza de Santa Cruz de Anhatomirim e a Fortaleza de Santo Antônio de Ratones (Santa Catarina – Brasil) integram o conjunto de 19 fortificações brasileiras indicadas a serem reconhecidas como patrimônio mundial pela UNESCO. Estas fortalezas, construídas em 1739, foram tombadas como patrimônio histórico nacional em 1938 pelo Serviço do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (SPHAN, hoje Iphan), e são tuteladas pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) desde 1979 e 1990, respectivamente. O presente artigo parte da candidatura destas fortalezas à patrimônio mundial para uma reflexão sobre o processo de patrimonialização das fortalezas catarinenses: atentamos que perspectiva historiográfica é adotada neste processo e dá sustentação à patrimonialidade destas fortalezas, na relação com o conceito de patrimônio histórico, para identificar que história se quer contar a partir do patrimônio; as continuidades e as rupturas entre as propostas para as fortalezas nas décadas de 1970 e 1980 e os projetos desenvolvidos pela universidade nestes espaços, hoje; como a candidatura à patrimônio mundial interfere no processo de patrimonialização das fortalezas catarinenses, na gestão destas fortalezas pela UFSC e nas propostas de uso para estes monumentos; e o que significa estas fortalezas serem reconhecidas como patrimônio da humanidade, lançando mão de um referencial teórico em torno do filósofo Walter Benjamin e seus interlocutores, e autoras e autores que debatem o campo do patrimônio no Brasil.
O governo João Goulart, as reformas de base e o golpe de 1964
Authors: Amorim Alexandre Silveira de
Published: June 2024

El artículo presenta los acontecimientos políticos y económicos que impregnaron la gestión de João Goulart como Presidente de Brasil (1961-1964),, desde su toma de posesión hasta su caída mediante un golpe de Estado cívico-militar. Durante su gobierno, experimentó fuertes turbulencias institucionales, amenazado principalmente por las Fuerzas Armadas, apoyadas por la alta burguesía nacional y sectores conservadores de la población. Durante su mandato, las reformas de base, que constituían un paquete de reformas social-reformistas, especialmente la reforma agraria, perturbaron los intereses económicos. Estas reformas también incluían reformas fiscales, electorales, educativas, urbanísticas y bancarias, así como la imposición de impuestos a las remesas de beneficios al extranjero. En ese contexto, los sectores de derecha en Brasil iniciaron una campaña de erosión institucional del Ejecutivo Federal que culminó con el Golpe Cívico-Militar de 1964. Así, se instauró una dictadura que gobernaría Brasil durante los siguientes 21 años, desde una perspectiva conservadora, pro-terrateniente y antisindical. La metodología utilizada fue el análisis económico y político. Consistirá en el análisis de fuentes documentales y publicaciones periódicas, culminando con una revisión bibliográfica. También se utilizó un método cualitativo, interpretando los procesos históricos del tema.
Hyperparameter Control Using Fuzzy Logic: Evolving Policies for Adaptive Fuzzy Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Roy Nicolas , Beauthier Charlotte , Mayer Alexandre
Published: June 2024

Heuristic optimization methods such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) depend on their parameters to achieve optimal performance on a given class of problems. Some modifications of heuristic algorithms aim at adapting those parameters during the optimization process. We present a novel approach to design such adaptation strategies using continuous fuzzy feedback control. Fuzzy feedback provides a simple interface where probes are sampled in the optimization process and parameters are fed back to the optimizer. The probes are turned into parameters by a fuzzy process optimized beforehand to maximize performance on a training benchmark. Utilizing this framework, we systematically established 127 different fuzzy PSO algorithms featuring a maximum of seven parameters under fuzzy control. These newly devised algorithms exhibit superior performance compared to both traditional PSO and some of its best parameter control variants. The performance is reported in the single-objective bound-constrained numerical optimization competition of Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) 2020. Additionally, two specific controls, highlighted for their efficacy and dependability, demonstrated commendable performance in real-world scenarios from CEC 2011.
From brain to education through machine learning: Predicting literacy and numeracy skills from neuroimaging data
Authors: Nakai Tomoya , Tirou Coumarane , Prado Jérôme
Published: June 2024

The potential of using neural data to predict academic outcomes has always been at the heart of educational neuroscience, an emerging field at the crossroad of psychology, neuroscience, and education sciences. Although this prospect has long been elusive, the exponential use of advanced techniques in machine learning in neuroimaging may change this state of affairs. Here we provide a review of neuroimaging studies that have used machine learning to predict literacy and numeracy outcomes in adults and children, in both the context of learning disability and typical performance. We notably review the cross-sectional and longitudinal designs used in such studies, and describe how they can be coupled with regression and classification approaches. Our review highlights the promise of these methods for predicting literacy and numeracy outcomes, as well as their difficulties. However, we also found a large variability in terms of algorithms and underlying brain circuits across studies, and a relative lack of studies investigating longitudinal prediction of outcomes in young children before the onset of formal education. We argue that the field needs a standardization of methods, as well as a greater use of accessible and portable neuroimaging methods that have more applicability potential than lab-based neuroimaging techniques.
Estimating Substitution Patterns and Demand Curvature in Discrete-Choice Models of Product Differentiation
Authors: Birchall Cameron , Mohapatra Debashrita , Verboven Frank
Published: June 2024

We extend BLP's aggregate discrete-choice model of product differentiation to create more flexibility in the price functional form. We apply a Box-Cox specification, which relaxes the typical unit demand assumption and creates flexibility on demand curvature. The model provides a unifying framework for mixed logit and mixed CES models, while remaining computationally tractable. We provide an illustrative application to the ready-to-eat cereals market. This shows that the cross-sectional relation between price elasticities and average prices per product is more in line with descriptive elasticity patterns, and that substitution between product pairs may be affected to some extent.
Dietary partitioning in two gleaning bats, Japanese long-eared bats (Plecotus sacrimontis) and Ussuri tube-nosed bats (Murina ussuriensis): consuming insects of same order but different developmental stages
Authors: Takada Hayato , Sato Akiyoshi , Katsuta Setsuko , Nakamura Keita , Ohwaki Atsushi , Kane Yuto , Hayakawa Takashi , Inoue Eiji
Published: June 2024

Knowledge of diet is essential for understanding the mechanism of coexistence among multiple species. Two gleaning bats, the Japanese long-eared bat (Plecotus sacrimontis) and the Ussuri tube-nosed bat (Murina ussuriensis), have similar eco-morphological traits, but it is unclear how they coexist. We examined the seasonal fecal contents of these species in the cool temperate forest of Mount Fuji, central Japan, using microscopical analysis. Long-eared bats, which have larger pinnae, more frequently consumed tympanate insects, such as adult moths, during early spring to summer, whereas tube-nosed bats, which have smaller pinnae, more frequently consumed non-tympanate insects such as caterpillars and grasshoppers, during spring to early summer and summer to autumn, respectively. Interestingly, they consumed insects of the same order but different developmental stages (i.e., adult moths and caterpillars) during spring to early summer, which revelation was made possible by microscopic analysis, not by DNA analysis. These differences suggest that the large pinna of the long-eared bat is an adaptation for preying on tympanate insects, which resulted in food resource partitioning. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, the Ussuri tube-nosed bat can be considered one of the bats that most frequently eats caterpillars.
The application of chromatography and complementary techniques for wood identification — State of the art and future directions
Authors: Silva José Luís , Bordalo Rui , Pissarra José , de Palacios Paloma , Pereira André
Published: June 2024

Wood identification, whether it involves distinguishing between known species or identifying unfamiliar wood samples, is a scientific field increasingly valuable across various disciplines ranging from biology to criminology, structural engineering, and art conservation. It carries a growing economic, commercial, social, and ecological significance. Numerous scientific methods have been employed for wood identification. Visual analysis techniques, such as macroscopy, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray tomography, and computer-assisted wood identification, play a pivotal role. Analytical approaches like mass spectrometry, near-infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and DNA barcoding have also been utilised. However, chromatography stands out due to its exceptional precision in providing quantitative and qualitative results, prompting its development and widespread use. This paper offers a critical review of the role of chromatography in wood identification. Advantages are highlighted, including the capability to identify specific components unique to each wood species, thus achieving remarkable differentiation at the species level. Additionally, potential drawbacks are discussed, such as the time-intensive sample preparation procedures, mainly when dealing with materials like wood-polymer composites (WPC), and the absence of an open-source database. This comprehensive analysis aims to provide a broader perspective on the possibilities and limitations of this technique.
Hungarian Hussars in Napoleon’s Campaign Against Russia
Authors: Réfi Attila
Published: June 2024

It is little known that Hungarian soldiers, including Hussars, took part in Napoleon’s 1812 campaign against Russia. Moreover, the four, and later five Hussar regiments assigned to the so-called Imperial-Royal Auxiliary Corps clearly played an important role in the activities of this Corps. During the campaign, the Hussars were mainly responsible for the tasks of reconnaissance and securing the march, which was vital as the Auxiliary Corps was operating deep in hostile and unknown territory. The Hussars, of course, also distinguished themselves in small and large engagements. As an indication of their prominent role, in October 1812 a fifth Hussar regiment was sent to the theatre of war to reinforce the Hussars. This shifted the balance of the Auxiliary Corps’ cavalry even further in favour of the Hussars. Their special importance was also reflected in the new order of battle which was then introduced. This meant that Hussars were assigned to more major military formations than before, a clear indication of their indispensability and the importance of their deployment.
A new species of mite in the genus Nenteria (Uropodina, Trematuridae), with a key to the Egyptian species
Authors: ABO-SHNAF REHAM , ALLAM SALLY F.M. , OTHMAN NEHAL A.A.
Published: June 2024

We describe a new species of mite in the genus Nenteria Oudemans, collected from the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Oliver) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), at Bahariya Oasis, Egypt. Nenteria bahariyaensis n. sp. is the third species from this genus reported from Egypt, after Nenteria hypotrichus El-Borolossy & El-Banhawy, 1995 and N. egypticus (Abo-Shnaf, El-Bishlawy & Allam, 2018). A key to separate those species is provided. This work considers the possibility of using this mite species in integrated control approaches for R. ferrugineus.
Interannual Variability of the East African Coastal Current Associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation
Authors: Zheng Chenyu , Zheng Shaojun , Feng Ming , Xie Lingling , Wang Lei , Zhang Tianyu , Yan Li
Published: June 2024

The East African Coastal Current (EACC) is an important western boundary current of the tropical south Indian Ocean and plays an important role in the ocean circulation and biogeochemical cycles in the Indian Ocean. This study investigates the interannual variability of the EACC and its dynamical mechanisms. The result shows that the EACC has interannual variability associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during 1993–2017. The EACC shows a significantly positive correlation with the Niño-3.4 index with a correlation coefficient of 0.65, lagging the Niño-3.4 index by 18 months. During the decaying phases of El Niño (La Niña) events, the negative (positive) sea level anomaly (SLA) propagates westward as upwelling (downwelling) Rossby waves from the southeast Indian Ocean to the southwest Indian Ocean and then strengthens (weakens) the EACC due to zonal SLA gradient off the East African coast under geostrophic equilibrium. The SLA gradually weakens in the southeast Indian Ocean during its westward propagation but strengthens in the southwest Indian Ocean promoted by local wind stress curl anomaly. This study can improve our understanding of the relationship between the western boundary current of the tropical south Indian Ocean and large-scale ENSO air–sea processes and is important for managing marine fisheries and ecosystems on the East African coast.
An Automated Approach to Estimating Convective Boundary Layer Depth from Dual-Polarization WSR-88D Radar Observations
Authors: Comer C. Lyn , Stouffer Braedon , Stensrud David J. , Zhang Yunji , Kumjian Matthew R.
Published: June 2024

Convective boundary layer (CBL) depth can be estimated from dual-polarization WSR-88D radars using the product differential reflectivity ZDR because the CBL top is collocated with a local ZDR minimum produced by Bragg scatter at the interface of the CBL and the free troposphere. Quasi-vertical profiles (QVPs) of ZDR are produced for each radar volume scan and profiles from successive times are stitched together to form a time–height plot of ZDR from sunrise to sunset. QVPs of ZDR often show a low-ZDR channel that starts near the ground and rises during the morning and early afternoon, identifying the CBL top. Unfortunately, results show that this channel within the QVP can occasionally be misleading. This motivated creation of a new variable DVar, which combines ZDR with its azimuthal variance and is particularly helpful at identifying the CBL top during the morning hours. Two methods are developed to track the CBL top from QVPs of ZDR and DVar. Although each method has strengths and weaknesses, the best results are found when the two methods are combined using inverse variance weighting. The ability to detect CBL depth from routine WSR-88D radar scans rather than from rawinsondes or lidar instruments would vastly improve our understanding of CBL depth variations in the daytime by increasing the temporal and spatial frequencies of the observations.

Significance Statement

The daytime convective boundary layer (CBL) can increase in depth from a few hundred to a few thousand meters between sunrise and sunset and is strongly connected to temperature changes at Earth’s surface. Unfortunately, current observations of CBL depth primarily consist of measurements from twice daily rawinsonde launches at 97 locations across the United States. As a result, CBL depth observations lack fine spatial and temporal resolution and miss the daily cycle of CBL growth. This study seeks to fill the gaps in CBL depth observations by developing an automated method to estimate CBL depth from dual-polarization WSR-88D radar observations with a temporal resolution as fine as 5–10 min. These observations will greatly enhance our ability to observe and monitor CBL depth in real time.
Psychological and Emotional Impacts on Families of People Involved in the Legal System for Sex Offenses
Authors: Evans Douglas N. , Trahan Adam
Published: June 2024

Legal system involvement can have enduring impacts on family members, especially when their kin is convicted of a sexual offense. With nearly one million people enduring legal proceedings, incarcerated, or mandated to register for a sex offense, the amount of family members who experience symbiotic harms from legal system contact is immense. This qualitative study focuses on the psychological and emotional repercussions of a family member’s legal system involvement for a sex offense. Interviews with 35 family members indicated feelings of anger, trauma, fear, forgiveness, guilt, and helplessness. This study discusses the broad repercussions of legal system contact for a sex offense and suggests recommendations for correctional policy to mitigate the damage to families.
A numerical study on the effects of fabric structure on the impact resistance of 3D interlock woven fabrics
Authors: Wei Qingsong , Chen Jiaxue , Yang Dan , Pan Zhongxiang
Published: June 2024

Three-dimensional (3D) woven fabrics have emerged as an effective structure for ballistic protection due to their flexibility, multi-impact resistance, and ability to form complex shapes. However, the influence of different 3D fabric architectures on ballistic performance is not fully understood. This study investigates the ballistic response of three types of 3D angle-interlock woven fabrics (3DTAWF, 3DSSWF, 3DSBWF) using numerical simulations with experimentally validated material models. Full-scale fabric models enable examining the dynamic behavior at the yarn level. Results show 3DSBWF exhibits the best ballistic performance with higher ballistic limit and energy absorption compared to 3DTAWF and 3DSSWF. Damage evolution indicates 3DSBWF and 3DSSWF have better structural integrity during penetration. The higher warp density and straighter warp path contribute to balanced warp-weft energy absorption and improved impact resistance in 3DSBWF. This study elucidates the role of 3D fabric structure on energy absorption patterns and failure morphology. The findings provide valuable insights into 3D woven fabric designs for optimizing ballistic protection performance.
Understanding Destination Immersion in Rural Tourism: The Effects of Destination Fascination and Resident–Tourist Interaction
Authors: Li Jing , Liu Chao , Yuan Jessica J. , Zhang Ziang
Published: June 2024

Drawing on attention restoration theory and social exchange theory, this study investigates how person–environment interaction (destination fascination) and interpersonal interaction (resident–tourist interaction) affect immersion in rural tourism and lead to destination attachment and word of mouth. A holistic model was developed in which destination immersion served as a mediator. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Findings showed that destination fascination and resident–tourist interaction both contributed to destination immersion, which influenced tourists’ destination attachment and recommendation intentions. Results also clarified the mediating role of destination immersion. The fsQCA results revealed several distinctive configurations resulting in high levels of the outcome variables. This study enriches the tourism literature by validating a destination fascination scale in the rural tourism context and providing a deeper understanding of destination immersion. Practical implications for destination marketers are discussed as well.
Outcomes of advanced EVAR versus open surgery in the management of complex abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Krisna Pertiwi Putu Febry , Sudarma I Wayan , Prana Jagannatha Gusti Ngurah , Kosasih Anastasya Maria , Dyah Yustika Dewi Cokorda Istri , Angga Wijaya I Gusti Agung
Published: June 2024

Background

Open surgery is still acknowledged as the gold standard for complex abdominal aortic aneurysm (c-AAA). Recently, advanced-endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) for c-AAA has been developed, but its effectiveness compared to open surgery is still unclear.

Method

A systematic search was performed on the MEDLINE through PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. The search was aimed to investigate outcomes of both fenestrated- and chimney-EVAR (consider as advanced EVAR) compared to open surgery in c-AAA. Outcomes included postoperative complications, 30-day mortality, long-term mortality, and reintervention rate. Data were collected using the Mantel–Haenszel fixed effects model with relative risk (RR) as the effect size with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

A total of 25 studies ( n = 12,845 patients) were included in our study. The results demonstrated that advanced-EVAR correlated with diminished postoperative complications (RR 0.53; 95% CI 0.49–0.57; p < 0.001) compared to open surgery. Advanced-EVAR was associated with lower 30-day mortality compared to open surgery (RR 0.66; 95% CI 0.53–0.82; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that fenestrated-EVAR resulted in superior outcomes ( p < 0.001), whereas the chimney-EVAR subgroup did not show significant differences ( p = 0.79), compared to open surgery in terms of 30-day mortality. Unfortunately, advanced-EVAR was associated with a higher long-term mortality rate (RR 1.46; 95% CI 1.20–1.78; p < 0.001) and a higher reintervention rate (RR 1.26; 95% CI 1.01–1.59; p = 0.04) compared to open surgery.

Conclusion

Advanced EVAR, especially fenestrated-EVAR, presented better short-term outcomes compared to open surgery; however, it failed to demonstrate superiority over open surgery in improving long-term outcomes.
BeO in epoxy composites as TIM for high-power LED packages
Authors: Shanmugan S. , Chandar J. Vishnu
Published: June 2024

Beryllium oxide (BeO)-filled epoxy composite was prepared and used as a thermal interface material (TIM) in light-emitting diode (LED) packages. The filler percentages influenced on changing thermal and optical behaviour of LED at various driving currents. An improvement of 14.36% in thermal conductivity was recorded from that of neat epoxy. The lowest total thermal resistance of 10.75 K/W ( Rth) and rise in junction temperature ( Tj) of 3.1°C were recorded at 100 mA driving current for 50 wt-% BeO-filled TIM attached LED followed by an improved optical output and lowered correlated colour temperature values (3466 K). Thermal imaging infra-red imaging analysis also supported the observation of reduced Tjand Rthvalues from transient analysis and indicated lower chip surface temperature ( Ts) at all driving currents.
Men’s experiences of the transition to fatherhood during the first postnatal year: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: White Catherine , Jarvis Kathryn
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Fatherhood is a significant transition in a man’s life, introducing new challenges. Yet men’s experiences of this period remain poorly understood. Occupational therapists possess skills and knowledge to support individuals during transition. This study explored the experiences of men during the transition to fatherhood over the first postnatal year.

Method:

Underpinned by an occupational therapy theoretical perspective, a systematic review was conducted. Following searches of databases: AMED, CINAHL, Medline and PsycINFO, qualitative studies meeting selection criteria were retrieved and quality assessed. Data was extracted and synthesised using an established meta-ethnographic approach.

Findings:

Seven articles were included in the review. Four interconnected themes: (1) A New Occupational Identity, (2) Relationship Changes, (3) Challenges and Impact, (4) Unmet Occupational Needs, and four subthemes: Roles and Responsibilities, and Adjusting Priorities (theme 1); An Emotional Journey and Exhaustion (theme 3) were identified.

Discussion:

Fathers’ postnatal transitional experiences were reflective of a journey of adjustment and growth. Experiences indicated the requirement for greater support of fathers throughout the antenatal and postnatal transition. Occupational therapists have the skills to work with fathers to balance occupations, manage fatigue and adjust to new roles. Further research should focus on understanding experiences of men in under-represented groups.
Non-neoplastic B-cell predominant lymphoid proliferations at the organs exposed to external environment mimicking lymphoma: A potential diagnostic pitfall
Authors: Fan Yue , Thong Benjamin Ka Seng , Binshen Ouyang , Shen Xia , Yi Hongmei , Wang Chaofu
Published: June 2024

Background: Typically, lymphatic tissue proliferative lesions include either benign lesions or lymphoma. However, not all lymphatic lesions can currently be accurately classified into one category, particularly in mucosal areas that are in contact with the external environment.

Aims: To explore the morphology, immunophenotype, and molecular changes of Non-neoplastic B-cell predominant lymphoid proliferations (NBPLP) in pathological areas that are exposed to external surroundings which mimicked lymphoma.

Methods and Results: 18 cases of Atypical lymphoid hyperplasia (AtLP)  were retrieved in this study. The biopsy samples were mucosal samples obtained from areas exposed to external surroundings, including intestines, urethra, cervix, tonsils, and tongue. Microscopically, there is a different level of B cell hyperplasia accompanied by morphological atypia. We categorized the morphology into 4 groups: type A (7/18), type B (3/18), type C (3/18), type D (5/18). Part of the AtLP was found positive for BCR gene rearrangement (6/15), and TCR gene rearrangement (1/4). The follow-up period ranged from 14.2 to 70 months. No evidence of lymphoma was found. Therefore, we diagnosed all of the presented cases as NBPLP. We illustrated the key differential points and provided valuable diagnostic experience on each subtype.

Conclusions: Areas exposed to the external environment are commonly exposed to antigen and easily present with AtLP of NBPLP, accompanying with positive IGH rearrangement. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation of macroscopic, morphology, immunophenotype, and molecular diagnostics is required to prevent the overdiagnosis of lymphoma.
An Examination of WAIS-IV Digit Span Performance Inconsistency as a Novel Embedded Performance Validity Test Among Adults Clinically Referred for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Piszczor Justyna , Kamm Janina M. , Jones Mackenze , Rubright Colin , Soble Jason R.
Published: June 2024

Embedded performance validity tests (PVTs), like Digit Span PVTs from Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV), offer a valuable means of evaluating validity without extending administration time. This study investigated the utility of novel indices of performance inconsistency for WAIS-IV Digit Span (DS IRs) in the detection of invalid performance among 705 adults referred for ADHD evaluation. Results showed DS IR indices were inadequate in classifying overall validity status (areas under the curve = 0.52–0.59). Predictably, four established Digit Span PVTs effectively distinguished between valid and invalid performance score groups (areas under the curve = 0.74–0.78) with 32–49% sensitivity and 86–93% specificity at optimal cut-scores. Overall, individuals with noncredible performance scores did not differ significantly from those with valid scores regarding performance inconsistency on WAIS-IV Digit Span.
The Development of an Assessment Scale for Computational Thinking Competence of In-Service Primary School Teachers
Authors: Li Xinlei , Sang Guoyuan , Valcke Martin , van Braak Johan
Published: June 2024

In the context of digital technologies, computational thinking (CT) is considered a key competence of primary school teachers. However, assessment tools to measure in-service teachers’ CT competence are rare. The current study explains the design, development, and validation of a scale to determine the in-service teachers’ mastery level of their Computational Thinking Competence (CTC) in the Chinese context. The validity and reliability of the scale have been studied by conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and calculating internal consistency coefficients. The sample of this study consisted of 631 in-service teachers from different Chinese primary schools (EFA N = 189; CFA N = 442). The 31-item scale mirrors five factors: cognitive knowledge of CT, practices and skills of CT, attitudes and perspectives of CT, CT teaching design, and CT teaching implementation. The discussion of the results looks at the future use of the CT scale in Chinese educational settings that mirror a specific national education policy, talent demand, and educational culture.
Meta-Dominance Analysis – A Tool for the Assessment of the Quality of Digital Behavioural Data
Authors: Schneck Andreas , Przepiorka Wojtek
Published: June 2024

We propose a simple yet comprehensive conceptual framework for the identification of different sources of error in research with digital behavioural data. We use our framework to map potential sources of error in 25 years of research on reputation effects in peer-to-peer online market platforms. Using a meta-dataset comprising 346 effect sizes extracted from 109 articles, we apply meta-dominance analysis to quantify the relative importance of different error components. Our results indicate that 85% of explained effect size heterogeneity can be attributed to the measurement process, which comprises the choice of platform, data collection mode, construct operationalisation and variable transformation. Error components attributable to the sampling process or publication bias capture relatively small parts of the explained effect size heterogeneity. This approach reveals at which stages of the research process researcher decisions may affect data quality most. This approach can be used to identify potential sources of error in established strands of research beyond the literature of behavioural data from online platforms.