bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Graham Harvey, Animism: Respecting the Living World
Authors: Simes Amy C.
Published: March 2015

Graham Harvey, Animism: Respecting the Living World (New York: Columbia University Press, 2006), pp. xivv + 248. Paperback $27.50, ISBN 0-231-13701-X. Hardback $67.50, ISBN 0-231-13700-1.
Bronislaw Szerszynski, Nature, Technology, and the Sacred
Authors: Erhard Nancie
Published: March 2015

Bronislaw Szerszynski, Nature, Technology, and the Sacred (Religion and Spirituality in the Modern World Series; Oxford: Blackwell, 2005), pp. xviii + 221. Paperback £20.99, ISBN 0-631-23604X. Hardback £55.00, ISBN 0-631-236031.
Julian H. Franklin, Animal Rights and Moral Philosophy
Authors: Hobgood-Oster Laura
Published: March 2015

Julian H. Franklin, Animal Rights and Moral Philosophy (New York: Columbia University Press, 2005), pp. xix + 151. Hardback $30, ISBN 0-231-13422-3.
Land, Life and Death
Authors: Penney James
Published: March 2015

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Message in a Bottle
Authors: Davies Oliver
Published: March 2015

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Bio-dynamic Farming and the Rise of Catholic Environmentalism, 1930-60
Authors: Marlett Jeffrey D.
Published: March 2015

This article’s title may perhaps appear to some as a contradiction in terms. Nevertheless, it characterizes the concerns of many American Catholics interested in agricultural reform, cultural criticism and the very identity of American Catholicism itself. Through the integration of Catholic theology and environmentally-sensitive agriculture, what also has been labelled ‘Catholic agrarianism’ became a viable alterna-tive in mid-century rural America. Led by the National Catholic Rural Life Conference (hereafter NCRLC), the Catholic rural life movement created a Catholic agrarian theological tradition which preceded the Second Vatican Council’s (1962–65) insistence that the church embrace the questions and concerns of the modern world. Ironically, the Council coincided with the demise of the church’s interest in these particular answers to agricultural and ecological crises. As an exercise in historical theology, this article will examine Catholic agrarianism’s stridently anti-urban world-view and its highly-praised antidote—‘bio-dynamic’ farming.
A Shared Garden (II)
Authors: Hunt Mary E.
Published: March 2015

Religious feminists in Latin America and North America are engaged in an ongoing project entitled ‘A Shared Garden: Beyond Violence—Solidarity and Ecofeminism’. Judy Ress’s and Ivone Gebara’s articles in Ecotheology 4 (1997) provided a useful introduction to and overview of the project. I continue the conversation on the challenges of working cross-culturally to convey another dimension of our common endeavor. Of course colleagues would articulate these matters and perhaps even evaluate them differently, but the following challenges, and others unnamed, are among the salient aspects. I outline them as an agenda for future work, both for this international ecofeminist theological project and for consideration by others who might engage in similar ones.
Dodabetta Mountain and the Medicinal Plants Development Area
Authors: Grey Mary
Published: March 2015

Mettapulayam station in Tamil Nadu, India, at 6 am, after a hot night in trains fighting mosquitoes, presents a startling vista: the rugged peaks of the blue-green Nilgiri Hills rise out of the morning mists. The Nilgiris, famous for tea-growing, are a precious water source and a protected nature area for South India. Everywhere are notices asking people to ‘Save the Nilgiris’ (from what?). Here, before independence, the British—in flight from the unbearable heat of summer—sought the cool of the hill-stations. As our car wound its way up the steep, tortuous bends towards Ootacamund, the richness of the landscape was overwhelming. In India previously I had only known the semi-desert of Rajasthan. Here I saw cascading waterfalls, banana plantations, forests of coconut palms, firs. Tea plantations were every-where and have, of course, altered the ancient patterns of making a living; and, yes, there were eucalyptus trees (of which more later). Hundreds of monkeys swarmed over the roads, and we heard that many black panthers lurked in the forests.
Wisdom
Authors: Deane-Drummond Celia
Published: March 2015

Those engaged in the contemporary debates between science and religion have begun to speak of a ‘new consonance’ between the two disciplines, in place of the enmity of past generations. This consonance seems to mean finding ‘correspondence’ or connections between the natural world as portrayed by science and that portrayed in the-ology. However, the relationship between them is not always clear. While for some the ideal of consonance seems to mean harmony and full accord, for others it is theology constrained by scientific research. Both interpretations, however, have a tendency to weaken the role of theology in the dialogue process. In other words theology becomes simply that which is responsive to science. Peters notes that there are a few writers prepared to put theology in what he terms the ‘leadership role’ following a search for consonance, describing such leadership as ‘a courageous move’. Yet none seems to have given theology the opportunity to speak first, to ask science to respond to its concerns and epistemology.
Ecotheology
Authors: King Carolyn M.
Published: March 2015

The global environmental crisis is a challenge for all humanity, one whose likely consequences have long been described by environmental scientists. Over the last decade, secular activists have urged religious organizations to be, or become, involved in the world-wide effort by all thinking people, of any faith or none, to find workable ways to avert the various possible disasters predicted. The World Council of Churches (through its programme on ‘Justice, Peace and the Integrity of Creation’) and the international Anglican Communion (through its Fifth Mission Statement), among others, have responded. As they stand, however, pronouncements of these and similar bodies comprise an incompatible mixture of contemporary scientific and religious environmental concern set against a biblical background that had no such concern. The intellectual basis of Christian concern for nature as beloved of God is not at all the same thing as the concern of secular environmental ethicists for the intrinsic value of nature in and for itself. Still less is it anything to do with the ‘production of a conservation output’ (Hartley 1997: 481), advocated by market-oriented economists. Church-based environmental activism would be less effective if it worked independently of secular environmental agencies, yet such a partnership introduces contradictions between secular concepts of nature conservation for its own sake and traditional theological understandings of creation as to be valued for God’s sake. Therefore, public exhortations by religious organizations, taken at face value, are unlikely to succeed, especially if addressed to secular audiences.
Foregrounding the Environment
Authors: Carter Dee
Published: March 2015

It goes without saying that there has been recently a proliferation of ecotheological publishing; indeed ‘the river of theological writing in this area has now turned into a flood’. Beyond the fact that there is a general concern for the environment, generalizations about this deluge are not easy to make. There are typologies that offer helpful categories, albeit categories of approximate fit; however these classi-fications vary according to different departure points. But what can be claimed is that most ecotheology does not pay sustained attention to the central Christian doctrine of soteriology.
Building Bridges
Authors: Colebrook Michael
Published: March 2015

Just a hundred years ago, in 1899, the noted German biologist Ernst Haeckel published a book called The Riddle of the Universe. In it he reviewed what he believed to be the most significant scientific achievements of the nineteenth century and considered their impact on the relationship between science and religion. Among his other achieve-ments it was Haeckel who, in an earlier work, introduced the term ‘ecology’ to describe the study of organisms in relation to where they live. To mark the centenary of the publication of Haeckel’s book it seems appropriate to take a look at the world through the eyes of the founder of scientific ecology and to compare this with the developments of the twentieth century.
Land Ideologies that Inform a Contextual Maori Theology of Land
Authors: Cadigan Tui
Published: March 2015

This paper is primarily concerned with a Maori theological perspective with regard to relationship to land. A series of traditional Maori concepts are employed to articulate this three-way relationship between God–Land–People. The ideolo-gies dealt with here were selected from a list of seven ideologies of land Maori identify with. The context is Aotearoa, the people referred to are the local indigenous people, namely Maori, also known as Tangata Whenua. To assist international readers some brief referencing to possible similarities and obvious differences with the Christian scriptural theological perspective have been applied. The paper seeks to share with the reader something of the depth of relationship Maori have to their environment generally and to land in particular.
The Ecocentric Challenge
Authors: Kopstein Patricia , Salinger Jim
Published: March 2015

Theology has made some progress in ‘adjusting to the newcomer’ ecotheology. In so doing theology is taking seriously its ‘ecology of responsibility’ and engaging the public audience. An ecotheology, though, has a great deal of work to do in order to speak credibly into the public forum and marketplace of ideas.
Joining Creation's Praise of God
Authors: Bauckham Richard
Published: March 2015

In the Bible and the Christian tradition an important aspect of the way the relationship of God, humanity and other creatures is understood is the idea that all creatures praise God and humans are to join in the praise offered by the other creatures. This theme has been misunderstood and neglected in the modern period. We should avoid distorting it in an hierarchical and anthropocentric direction, as happens in the idea that humans are the priests of creation. Instead this theme should act as a strong corrective to hierarchical and anthropocentric views of creation. It puts us among, rather than over the creatures, and encourages us to be helped in our own praise of God by appreciating the value other creatures have for God. Francis of Assisi and the eighteenth-century poet Christopher Smart are ?ne examplars of the way humans may join creation’s praise.
Nature's Cathedral
Authors: Anthony Brian Patrick
Published: March 2015

John Muir has strongly impacted the environmental movement since he penned his works during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While the Scottish-born naturalist is well-known for his rugged individualism, the driving force behind his thought and efforts was his connection with the Divine. Muir inherited a seeking soul from his devoutly Reformist father, Daniel. The younger Muir, however, would end his principal inspiration in the gospel of nature. A foray into industry convinced Muir that the stain of civilization blinds us to this original scripture. Muir spoke of a distinct correlation between humanity’s spiritual ills and the destruction of the natural world, and suggested an extension of the Christian ethic to all creatures. In his various travelogues, he offers an illuminating vision of the God of nature, and humanity’s position in relation to both Creator and creation.
Death of Life
Authors: McDonagh Sean
Published: March 2015

In May 2002 the UN Development and Environment Programme published a book called The Global Environment Outlook in preparation for the UN Conference on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg in August 2002. The message of the report was chilling for everyone, especially young people. It stated that unless we change our destructive ways there will not be a bright future for any succeeding generation because we already are beginning to see the Death of Life.

It is estimated that within 30 years one quarter of the world’s mammals will have become extinct. Over 11,000 species of plants, and 1,200 species of birds are also heading over the abyss of extinction. This is the sixth largest extinction spasm in the 3.8 thousand million years of life on earth and it is a direct result of humans’ activity in destroying the habitat for other creatures. Such destruction raises serious questions for our faith tradition which celebrates life and the author of life.
Re-evaluating Gandhi
Authors: Cox Peter
Published: March 2015

Gandhian contributions to the development of the green movement have been generally under-explored. This article seeks to re-examine key Gandhian themes in order to indicate their potential contribution to some contemporary debates. The emphasis on place-centred knowledge, tempered by a ‘post-relativistic ethic’, is highlighted as a valuable resource for interpreting contemporary ‘environmental’ activism. It is suggested that such a framework can provide grounds for further explorations beyond the limitations of the foundationalism-relativism debate. The Gandhian emphasis on swaraj and swadeshi also open considerable potential to link to wider debates on the nature of liberation, particularly in the context of post-colonial theory.
Lifestyle
Authors: Pickering David
Published: March 2015

I’m concerned about environmental issues, I belong to a local church, but I don’t know how I can help them weave creation-care into their life and mission—can you help?
The article opens with stories of inspiring initiatives undertaken by churches, and explores some common features and some differences between the approaches and styles of churches. It outlines the framework and resources of Eco-Congregation—an environmental toolkit for churches, that each of the churches featured drew on. The article concludes with an invitation to those who want to see more churches nail their environmental colours to a mast, to start the process.
D. Brandt (ed.), God’s Stewards – The Role of Christians in Creation Care
Authors: Bookless Dave
Published: March 2015

D. Brandt (ed.), God’s Stewards – The Role of Christians in Creation Care (Monrovia, California: World Vision International, 2002). Paperback. ISBN 1-887983-42-2. $12.95
Emily Brady, Aesthetics of the Natural Environment
Authors: Stephens Piers H.G.
Published: March 2015

Emily Brady, Aesthetics of the Natural Environment (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2003), pp.viii + 287. Paperback £16.99, ISBN 0 7486-1438 9. Hardback £49.99, ISBN 0-7486-1437 0.
Steven Bouma-Prediger, For the Beauty of the Earth – A Christian Vision of Creation Care
Authors: Bookless Dave
Published: March 2015

Steven Bouma-Prediger, For the Beauty of the Earth – A Christian Vision of Creation Care (Michigan: Baker Academic, 2001), pp. 234. Paperback, ISBN 0-8010-2298-3, $21.99.
Stephen R. Kellert and Timothy J. Farnham (eds.), The Good in Nature and Humanity: Connecting Science, Religion, and Spirituality
Authors: Clarke Chris
Published: March 2015

Stephen R. Kellert and Timothy J. Farnham (eds.), The Good in Nature and Humanity: Connecting Science, Religion, and Spirituality (Washington: Covelo/London: Island Press, 2002), pp. xvi + 277. Hardback, ISBN 1-5596-3838-9, £20.50.
WHY CHRISTIANITY IS UNAMERICAN
Authors: Murray Terry
Published: March 2015

The purpose of this article is merely to outline discrepancies between the Christian worldview and that of modern liberal democracies, of which the United States arguably was (until the current administration) the quintessential example.
COLLECTIVE HUMANISM
Authors: Jones Dwight
Published: March 2015

The history of Humanism is largely a tale of free thinkers battling orthodox Christianity over the past five centuries, and that battle has effectively been won. With the Bush era concluded in America, we can expect to see fundamentalism fade from influence in much the same way that it has in Europe. So the issue for us becomes: whither Humanism as we know it?
“WHEN THE STARS BEGIN TO FALL” THE WANING OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT
Authors: Marsh Gerald E.
Published: March 2015

As fundamentalist religious thought strengthens its hold on U.S. politics and increases its role in politics around the world, enlightened values that form the very foundation of modern society are coming under attack. This essay explores some ramifications of these current conflicts.
CHALLENGING INTELLIGENT DESIGN
Authors: Shellska Christine M.
Published: March 2015

In this analysis I argue that the Discovery Institute, Intelligent Design’s primary advocate, is more appropriately conceived of as a think-tank, and I attempt to broaden the discussion by identifying issues left unexamined when Intelligent Design (ID) is challenged as a scientific theory or treated as a sectarian religion. I propose an analytic framework that can be deployed to provoke controversy about ID by those who seek to protect society from the penetration of religious ideology into secular institutions. Using concepts from Actor Network Theory (ANT) enhanced with theoretical insights from public relations and risk communications, I argue that the Discovery Institute’s communication strategies include attempts to disrupt the translation of evolution into education and the cultural arena by establishing public trust using appeals to religion and morality, and exploiting anti-science sentiments.
A HUMANIST’S NARRATIVE
Authors: Vail Charles
Published: March 2015

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REFLECTIONS ON THE NATURE OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
Authors: Coon Carl
Published: March 2015

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The rise of American Humanism in the 19th and 20th centuries
Authors: Peden W. Creighton
Published: March 2015

In considering the rise of American Humanism, we will explore these developments, as expressed in the Free Religious Association (FRA) and the early Chicago School of Philosophy. Brief consideration will be given to the developments in the Unitarian Church in America which led to the formation of the FRA in 1867. The focus on the FRA will center on four key founders, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Octavius Brooks Frothingham, Francis Ellingwood Abbot and William James Potter. Following the World’s Congress of Religions (1893) and the adoption of Abbot’s “free religion” in a revised constitution for Unitarianism in 1895, the emphasis shifts to the early philosophy department at the University of Chicago and the rise of Humanism. Contributions and influences on the development of Humanism by George Burman Foster, Edward Scribner Ames, and Albert Eustace Haydon will be explored.
The Hidden Enlightenment
Authors: Avalos Hector
Published: March 2015

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Humanism, Resilience, and the Hermeneutics of Exemplary Figures
Authors: Duyndam Joachim
Published: March 2015

Resuming the so-called ‘great campaign’ for resilience of Jaap van Praag, the founding father of contemporary Dutch humanism, this paper proposes (elements of) a hermeneutical theory that unveils, from a humanistic point of view, the possibility of a relational autonomous ‘will’ in the relationship with exemplary inspirational figures. It will be demonstrated that relational autonomy can be realized from a resilient position toward the heteronomous contagion of our daily life ‘will’ through mimesis, as it is understood in mimetic theory.
Three Tools for Moral First Aid
Authors: Solymosi Tibor
Published: March 2015

The tension between naturalism and humanism is at its greatest when it comes to ethics and morality. By drawing on the affinity between the evolutionary humanistic philosophies of classical pragmatist John Dewey and contemporary pragmatist Daniel Dennett, I modify Dennett’s ethical technology, Moral First Aid, to include a kit as well as Dennett’s proposed manual. The contents of this kit draw on Dewey’s reconstructed moral genealogy in which three factors, goods, rights, and virtues, become stock parts for the technoscience of ethics. Lacking in Dennett’s account is an adequate ideal by which to measure moral success. I propose that moral first aid take up Dewey’s moral ideal of democracy as the guide for resolving moral exigencies.
Evolutionary Ethics and Its Future
Authors: Finch Robert
Published: March 2015

Historically humans have evolved by the addition of abilities to our behavioral repertoire. Values first developed in the time of the hunter gatherers featuring such traits as strength, bravery and endurance. Men and women often stressed different values. With the advent of civilization values began to include benevolence, fairness and then the growth of knowledge, natural sciences, engineering, medicine and law. Modern humanist ethics began with the work of Hume and the utilitarians. Early humanist ethical systems stressed individual responsibility and the use of social principles. Our principles have evolved through the exercise of reason, by scientific investigation, strategic planning and by including a sense of commitment. Humanism is to be found in a variety of institutions stressing different values, theories and strategic plans. Furthermore humanism is not a finished product, so that the expanding circle of the membership contemplates an evolving set of principles, as well as continuing narratives of our progress. We conclude that there is no quintessential humanist. How then should we strive to improve our definitions, manifestos, practices, reasoning and narratives?
Utopian Visions and the American Dream
Authors: March Frederic
Published: March 2015

Utopian narratives express a universal yearning for a better human society in response to each author’s perception of malfunction and malfeasance in his or her own society. The earliest one of which I am aware (other than the legendary folk tale of the Garden of Eden) is Plato’s Republic. I review and comment on selected utopian literature from Plato to the modern American dream and a humanist vision for a global social order. To its authors, utopian visions are not mere wishful thinking, but societal policy declarations that at least in principle can be implemented, if only in part.
A Born Again Humanist
Authors: Locascio Joseph
Published: March 2015

This essay describes the somewhat unusual circumstances that precipitated the author’s transition from belief in traditional religion to adopting Humanism as a philosophy of life. Included are personal perspectives contrasting Humanistic philosophy with theistic religious faith.
Vulnerability, Power, and Gender
Authors: Pavesich Vida
Published: March 2015

This article addresses what philosophical anthropology may contribute to the debate between critical theory and poststructuralism. It examines one prong of Amy Allen’s critique of Judith Butler’s collapse of normal dependency into subjection. Allen is correct that Butler’s assessment of agency necessary for political action in inadequate theoretically. However, I believe that some accounting of the nature of the being for whom suffering and flourishing matter is necessary. To this end, I provide an ontogenesis of intentionality as a response to Butler’s notion of the corporeal vulnerability shared by all human beings. On this basis, I articulate an anthropology that renders intelligible the sources of and links between mutual recognition and agency—as well as clarifying the sense in which the historical association between complementarity and gender can still be a resource for progressive thinking.
Twenty-first-century Study of Collective Effervescence
Authors: Buehler Arthur
Published: March 2015

Durkheim situated the notion of collective effervescence at the source of religious vitality, if not the source of religion itself. Although Durkheim asserted that collective forces/sentiments are measurable and can be investigated scientifically, this phenomenon has been almost entirely neglected by scholars. This article argues that the scientific investigation of collective effervescence requires anthropologists and other scholars to go beyond their current practices of armchair scholarship. Such a move engenders an epistemic pluralist methodology that includes the firsthand subjective and inter-subjective data of lived experience rather than relying solely on conceptual knowledge acquired through text-like verbal utterances.
What to do with the Problem of the Flesh?
Authors: Avishai Orit
Published: March 2015

Feminist and queer assessments of religion and sexuality often assume that regulation and affirmation of sexuality are incompatible. This article provides an alternative perspective. The article discusses three orthodox Jewish responses to the “problem of the flesh” – a purported incompatibility of carnality/desire and piety/religiosity: a traditionalist approach that sanctifies sexuality but problematizes desire; a pragmatic stance that desanctifies sexuality; and a reformist approach that affirms sexuality within the logics of Jewish orthodoxy. While these responses may seem inadequate solutions from critical, queer and feminist perspectives, as they are fraught with tradition, heterosexism and sexism, I make a case for a more generous interpretation by contextualizing these responses within orthodox Jewish culture.
“I’m just aware they’re labels”
Authors: Smith Sharon
Published: March 2015

This article discusses fieldwork in two research projects on Buddhists in London. It explores issues involved in researching lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered, questioning and/or intersex (LGBTQI) Buddhists. It also considers issues around heterosexual identities in Buddhist communi-ties. In researching dynamics of gender and sexual identification of participants it was observed that at times participant narratives treated these identities for these axes of difference as provisional and contingent rather than essential, fixed and a basis for socio-political organization. This contrasts with much of the work on religion and sexuality in mainstream theistic traditions, where their LGBTQI members often argue a “reverse discourse” asserting their place in a “Divine Order” in which their sexual/gender identity is a key part of “who they are.” It is argued that theoretical approaches based on queer theorizing could be particularly applicable to research on Western Buddhist perspectives on gender and sexual identities. This is attributed to the anti-essentialist approach Buddhism takes to questions of subjectivity and identification and its non-hegemonic status in the West. Such queer theorizing would, however, need to acknowledge the constraints to “border crossings” between identity positions arising from oppressive forces from gender minoritization, class status, minority ethnic origin, and so on. It is also suggested that research on the heterosexual majority can elucidate ways in which faith communities are gendered, racialized and stratified by class.
Embodying the Field
Authors: Hoel Nina
Published: March 2015

This article focuses on the various ways in which research relationships evolve and are negotiated by paying particular attention to the embodied nature of ethnographic research. By drawing on my own research experience of interviewing South African Muslim women about sexual dynamics, I critically engage debates concerning power dynamics in research relationships as well as researcher positionality. I argue that researchers should pay increasing attention to the multiple ways in which doing research always is an embodied practice. I present three case studies that highlight the complex ways in which research encounters speak to notions of intimacy, vulnerability and affect. In this way I argue that research encounters forge primary human relationalities that are marked by moments of convergence, conflict and despondency.
‘Social’ Face of the Brahmakumaris in India
Authors: Pandya Samta
Published: March 2015

Based on fieldwork, this article analyses the Brahmakumaris movement in India in terms of its contemporary perspectives and praxis nuances. The focus is that its contemporary stance is a mix of millenarianism, simultaneous accommodation-assimilation and subtle exclusivity. Commencing with a brief overview of the charisma, genesis and cultural geographies, the contemporary perspectives and visions on society, stratification, ethics and transformation have been discussed. These include the re-interpretations reflecting in ontology and epistemology, through the Raja Yoga propositions; in cosmology and historicity, through the world tree concept; and, an eventual instrumentalism and “New Age-ification” in praxis. Woven intermittently is the critique of the epistemological hybrid. The “social” angle in praxis nuances comes through aspects of volition, prescriptivism and doctrinarism, and the institutionalized endeavours. The political economy of practice through dimensions of memory and oblivion which determine the operational style has been deliberated. The new thematic and methodological insights gained from fieldwork have been discussed.
Bargaining with Patriarchy?
Authors: Mapuranga Tapiwa
Published: March 2015

The status of women remains contested. While women constitute the majority of members in literally all religions, the top positions tend to be monopolised by men. An array of historical, cultural, theological and socio-economic reasons has been proffered to account for this anomaly. New religious movements have often promised women liberation and emancipation. In Africa, Pentecostal and neo-Pentecostal movements have accorded women leadership roles as they interrogate missionary Christianity. This study examines women’s notable rise to influential leadership within the Pentecostal movement in Zimbabwe. While the older Pentecostal churches of the 1970s and 1980s were male dominated, the 1990s ushered in the phenomenon of women leaders within the Pentecostal movement in Zimbabwe. Notable examples include Apostle Eunor Guti, Apostle Petunia Chiriseri, Dr Faith Wutawunashe and others. However, these women Pentecostal leaders tend to be married to charismatic founders of Pentecostal ministries. This study interrogates their status within the Pentecostal movement. On the hand, it contends that these women must be accepted as leaders in their own right. It argues that they have appropriated the religious significance of women in indigenous culture and have applied it to the Pentecostal movement. They are leaders of specific ministries and are not mere appendages of their husbands. However, on the other hand, the study argues that their position as wives of Pentecostal leaders needs to be approached critically. It has tended to generate a moderate position on feminist issues within the Pentecostal movement. The study concludes that women Pentecostal leaders in contemporary Zimbabwe tend to bargain with patriarchy. They are unwilling to challenge patriarchy and promote a biblical hermeneutics that is subservient. It suggests that gender within the Pentecostal movement in contemporary Zimbabwe requires a liberating biblical hermeneutics.
Dead in the Field
Authors: Welch Christina
Published: March 2015

Chrisina Welch introduces this special issue of Fieldwork and Religion on religion, death and bereavement.
Grave Look at History
Authors: Brew Catherine
Published: March 2015

Cemeteries are seldom what they seem. A headstone tells a brief tale, but what if there are no headstones? Is it possible to extract more than the obvious? The dearth of information most frequently encountered necessitates a more interpretive approach. As documents of social history, Australian burial places have a great capacity to reveal not only how people died, but how they lived. In providing a tangible and evocative link to past communities, the history found in cemeteries acts as an insightful ingredient in shaping cultural identity. By ‘reading’ these cultural landscapes, the wider implications of identity, meaning making and the value of individual belonging and wellbeing can be explored. The notion of ‘place making’ and ‘place meaning’ suggests a bigger responsibility to social cohesion and personal development than may be first considered.
Will Ms ever be as frequent as Mr?
Authors: Baker Paul
Published: March 2015

In order to investigate frequency and context of usage of gender marked language, four equal sized and equivalently sampled corpora of British English in a range of written genres (press, fiction, general prose, learned writing), from 1931, 1961, 1991 and 2006 were compared. Terms that were investigated included male and female pronouns, man, woman, boy and girl, gender-related profession and role nouns such as chairman, spokesperson and policewoman, and terms of address such as Mr and Ms. Some reductions in frequencies of male terms were found over time, particularly in terms of decreases of male pronouns and Mr. However, equal frequencies did not necessarily equate with equal representation. A qualitative analysis of man and woman found that while there had been some reductions in gender stereotypes, others were being maintained (such as a lack of adjectives like successful or powerful being applied to words like woman). Additionally, the term girl was still more likely than the term boy to refer to adults, and it was often used in a disparaging or sexual way. The article concludes with a discussion of the sort of linguistic strategies that appear to have been successful in terms of equalising gender representation.
Metaphorically speaking
Authors: Holmgreen Lise-Lotte
Published: March 2015

The Danish financial sector is one in which the male occupation of managerial positions still predominates, with women tending to occupy lower-ranking jobs. Previous studies in this field have pointed to biological and cultural forces as determining factors in men’s and women’s unequal positions. However, this position has been partly rejected by recent research within social constructivism which holds that in interaction men and women are positioned in certain ways due to dominant gendered discourses that can either be upheld or negotiated through the adoption of gendered subject positions. The article takes its starting point in this discussion, presenting an analysis of how in the pursuit of careers, men and women in the financial sector may metaphorically and discursively construct career possibilities and constraints, and with that the concepts of sex and gender. Furthermore, the article assesses the extent to which this construction may influence their chances of obtaining managerial positions. The data for the analysis consist of three focus group interviews conducted in a large Danish bank.
Recontextualising ‘Big Spender’
Authors: Schick Laurie
Published: March 2015

The main focus of this paper is to show how the rehearsal of ‘Big Spender’ in an American middle school drama programme is embedded in larger social contexts, and thereby contributes to what the American Psychological Association identifies as the ‘sexualization of girls’ in today’s world. More specifically, I use complex and ecosystems models in order to illuminate the multilayered way in which the recontextualised use of macro-level cultural texts like ‘Big Spender’ can contribute to the sexualisation of girls in meso-level, formal education-based communities of practice as well as in micro-level, face-to-face social interactions. Data presented here were collected and analysed by combining (a) ethnographically-based language socialisation field research conducted at one middle school and (b) discourse and multimodal examinations of ‘Big Spender’-related texts. Based on this multilayered analysis I show how schools and teachers can and do contribute to the language socialisation of sexual objectification and subordination of schoolgirls.
Three Personal Responses To the Hospital Chaplain's Handbook.
Authors: Bull Alister , Robertson Blair , Gordon David
Published: March 2015

Cobb, Mark (2005) The Hospital Chaplain's Handbook – A Guide for good practice – Canterbury Press, Norwich, UK
Change and Challenge
Authors: Cobb Mark
Published: March 2015

Healthcare and spirituality both address the question of what it means to be human. In answering the question both are committed to enquiry, discernment and discovery. This is the contextual space of chaplaincy and it provides a stimulating environment for understanding and practice. Part one of this paper will review some of the factors and conditions that have resulted in chaplaincy developments over the past decade. I shall consider what these changes might say about chaplaincy and what they might say about the wider contexts of healthcare and spirituality. In part two I shall outline some of the challenges that may shape the future of chaplaincy and I will be asking how chaplains may respond.
SPACE BETWEEN PASTORAL CARE AND GLOBAL TERRORISM
Authors: Ulanov Anne
Published: March 2015

In this twenty-first century, Chaplains work with a background of terrorism, functioning as a remnant, making links between us, within us, with God, we learn our ideas of wholeness too often mean sameness, and God's ideas of wholeness include our particular differences.
CANCER PAIN AND THE IMPORTANCE OF FAITH IN ADDRESSING SUFFERING BEYOND THE PHYSICAL
Authors: Hutchison Stephen , Macritchie Iain , Veitch Terry
Published: March 2015

Inadequate response to analgesia in a patient with severe physical pain due to advanced cancer prompted exploration of psychological and spiritual contributory factors. Robust discussion with the palliative care consultant, psychiatric nurse, and chaplain resulted in psychological and spiritual wholeness and peace, and improved pain control for the remainder of her life
MINDBODY CARE
Authors: Lachlan Geoff
Published: March 2015

Spiritual care is no longer an option in the 21 st century NHS, with “Spiritual wellbeing” now included in the World Health Organisation's definition of Health. Within the last 6 years the NHS in Scotland has seen the publication of several key documents to support this concept. There has also been a rapidly accumulating wealth of scientific evidence linking religion and spirituality to both better health and improved healthcare outcomes. One researcher described the link as demonstrating the rediscovered concept of “Mindbody”, illustrating the unity of mind, body, and spirit/soul which the ancient mystical traditions have understood for millennia. The Scottish Government's recently launched Patient Experience Programme will provide an opportunity for Healthcare Chaplains to demonstrate that care of the spirit is also care of the “Mindbody” - and thus provide patients with the ultimate healthcare experience.
IN VITRO FERTILIZATION AND HEALTH CARE CHAPLAINCY
Authors: Carey Lindsay , Newell † Christopher
Published: March 2015

This paper summarizes the quantitative and qualitative exploratory research findings concerning the pastoral interventions undertaken by Australian health care chaplains when assisting patients and clinical staff involved in IVF procedures. Differences between staff and volunteer chaplains are noted as are the perspectives of chaplaincy informants regarding their involvement in IVF. Some possible reasons why chaplains may not be involved in IVF procedures are also suggested. Implications of this study with respect to chaplaincy utility, training and future research are noted.
REVISING THE GUIDELINES
Authors: Levison Chris
Published: March 2015

This article describes the launch and content of Revised Guidelines on Spiritual Care and Chaplaincy in NHS Scotland 2008. A Chief |executive's Letter based on the report is under consultation before being distributed. The report consolidates and develops the guidance of HDL (2002) 76. A survey of developments was carried out. Relevant recent documents were consulted and their function explained. A series of recommendations was made concerning work in boards concerning policies, service provision and employment. Relationships with faith/belief communities, Data protection, and chaplaincy provision were examined. Feedback has been and is being welcomed prior to finalised CEL. The integration of spiritual care to health and wellbeing is an ongoing journey.
MEDICAL RITES
Authors: Nelson Sally
Published: March 2015

Patients and their families are often concerned to find a material cause for suffering rather than to accept the mystery of its ontological necessity. In modern healthcare settings, in which medicine is rightly based upon the reductionist empirical scientific method, spirituality is therefore likely to be seen as a bolt-on extra to medical care rather than as a truly alternative worldview. In this article I argue that suffering needs to be rehabilitated as an experience rather than a cosmic mistake, and that chaplains are better equipped than medical staff to offer this insight into transcendent reality.
HEALTH CARE CHAPLAINCY AND EUTHANASIA IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Carey Lindsay , Cohen Jeffrey , Rumbold Bruce
Published: March 2015

This article presents the findings of quantitative and qualitative research involving over 300 Australian health care chaplains concerning their involvement in patient and staff issues with regard to euthanasia. Approximately one quarter of chaplains (26.3%) indicated having been involved in patient / family euthanasia issues and one fifth of chaplains were involved in staff euthanasia issues. Forty-three (n = 43) chaplains consented to in-depth interviews about the nature of their involvement in euthanasia issues. It is noted that the important knowledge and tacit experience of those trained and practicing in pastoral care should be included when considering euthanasia issues and decisions.
FAITH GROUP LEADERS AND TRAUMA
Authors: Cavannagh Paul , Foggie Janet , Hull Alastair
Published: March 2015

Traumatic events are very much a part of everyday life; they are neither new nor rare. The care of faith group members suffering from psychological trauma is a significant component of pastoral care and yet little attention has been paid to this complex area. This article details the results of a collaborative study between mental health and faith group leaders and between NHS Tayside and NHS Fife, which examines the role of faith and belief group leaders in working with people who have been subjected to trauma. The first part of this article details questions of interest to chaplains and faith group leaders, such as: the relationship between the faith group leaders and mental health personnel, and what training was available to faith and belief group leaders? Following completion of the study a consultation day was held by the Department of Spiritual Care in NHS Tayside (in November 2008) at which the collated results were presented. The faith group leaders, chaplains and health personnel who were present were able to give their responses to the results of the survey; those responses constitute the second part of this article.
ADVANCE CARE PLANNING
Authors: Rich Alison , Abel Julian
Published: March 2015

Talking to patients about dying is never easy, so anything that can improve this communication has to be a significant benefit. Recent national developments in the UK have highlighted the importance of choice for patients in both the place they die, and the interventions they would want to have. Such developments are aimed at improving quality of care and empowering patients and include the national NHS End of Life Care Programme (2009) and The Mental Capacity Act (2005). This article examines the evidence behind using Advance Care Planning (ACP) as well as the practical issues of who might be best placed to undertake these discussions and what documentation tools to use. It concludes that care should be individualised and full use made of established professional relationships. Communication needs to be to the highest standard as the risks of causing distress are significant. Full use of the breadth of the multi-disciplinary team can enable full discussion of wishes around spiritual, social as well as medical care.
EXISTENTIAL HEALTH
Authors: Lachlan Geoff
Published: March 2015

This article describes how a former Consultant General Surgeon became a passionate advocate of Spiritual Care through appreciating the positive relationship of spiritual wellbeing to health. The crucial importance of Spiritual Care research in developing the evidence base for Healthcare Chaplaincy as it seeks to be recognised as an Allied Health Profession and part of the multi-disciplinary healthcare team is emphasised. The concept of Existential Health is discussed, and the key role of Chaplains in supporting this is described. This approach is then used to illus-trate how Chaplains can become involved in research where patients are found to be undergoing a spiritual crisis. In the literature this has been described as “existential in origin,” and it can im-pact negatively on a serious medical condition. Post myocardial infarction depression, thought to be due to an acute existential crisis, is used as an example of planning a community-based Spiritual Care research project.
INFLUENCE OF RESEARCH IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A BEREAVEMENT SUPPORT SERVICE
Authors: Stirling Ian
Published: March 2015

The provision of bereavement support services is an essential component of specialist palliative care. However, in the absence of national guidelines and standards, actual services vary significantly from place to place. This article shows the influence of research on the development of a bereavement support service, highlighting key turns in the decision-making process. While the redesign is still in process, the paper illustrates how research informs policy and proce-dure.
INTEGRATION OF RESEARCH INTO PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Authors: Stirling Ian
Published: March 2015

The current healthcare climate expects chaplains not only to be able to evaluate and in-corporate research findings into practice, but also to contribute to audit and research. For many chaplains this is new territory and demands an investment of time and energy before they gain confidence in research methodology to allow them to contribute effectively to the research agenda. This article reflects the experiences of the author while pursuing a MSc at Glasgow University. This personal eye view, offers a few hints and tips to chaplains who wish to start out in research yet do not wish to suffer the potential pitfalls of the research process. There is also a summary of some of the benefits which have arisen for the author since completion of the dissertation.
REFLECTIVE PRACTICE
Authors: Kelly Ewan
Published: March 2015

Reflective practice, supervision and research are part of the same process of becoming aware of best practice. The Health care chaplaincy and spiritual care programme, based at NES is actively encouraging these links and has set up structures to support this
EXPERIENCES OF HEALTH CARE CHAPLAINS (HCC’S) AND REGISTERED NURSES (RN’S) OF SUPPORTING FAMILY MEMBERS DURING RESUSCITATION OF THEIR LOVED ONE
Authors: Hodge Debbie , James Jayne , Cottle Elita
Published: March 2015

The role of the Family Support Person (FSP) in supporting family members during resuscitation of their loved one has not been previously explored. The results of this study indicate there are key areas of this role both in terms of their support to the family member and in terms of personal impact. The key themes which emerged included the importance of ongoing assessment, choice, navigating the setting, the importance of providing a commentary of events, issues surrounding coming to terms with death and conflicts and support mechanisms. It is suggested there is a need for interdisciplinary approach to preparation, on -going education and support for this role. Further research is required to determine to what extent HCC?s are providing this role within the UK setting .