bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POPULATION STRUCTURE AND DRIFTING PATTERN OF AQUATIC MITES IN RANDI GAD, A TRIBUTARY OF RIVER ALAKNANDA IN GARHWAL HIMALAYA, UTTARAKHAND, INDIA
Authors: Bahuguna Pankaj , Kumar Dobriyal Anoop
Published: January 2021

The present paper deals with the population structure and temporal drift pattern study of aquatic mites in Randi gad, which is a third order spring fed tributary of river Alaknanda in Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. The mites contribute significantly to the structure and function of a stream ecosystem as it is a preferred food of fish and
insects. To significantly analyze the drift strength of mites in a stream, a new index, Dobriyal Bahuguna Drifting Index (DBDI) has been developed which is based on the density of mite population in nature and number of drifting individuals in unit time. The maximum mite population in the stream was observed in January (51 units.m-2
) and minimum in October (35 units.m-2 ) with 7 species. It was found that the mites perform specific monthly and diel drift pattern. Various factors like current velocity, breeding, colonization, habitat disturbance and protection from predators are responsible for it. The DBDI value for different mite species was observed highest in February (0.264) and minimum in November (0.227). It was also observed that maximum drift was preferred during late morning hours (8-12 hrs).
Frequency of Hepatitis A & E Infections in Adult Patients of Acute Hepatitis
Authors: Gulzar Rukhsana , Dar Rehma , ul Ain Qurat , Ahmad Humair , Ali Syed Saqib , Sajjad Hira
Published: January 2021

Objective: To study the frequency of Hepatitis A Virus and Hepatitis E Virus infections in adult patients of acute hepatitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore. Methods: All samples received from medical units (indoor and outdoor) of Mayo hospital Lahore from 26 Feb.2019 to 26.Sept.2019, for Hepatitis A & E IgM antibody testing by ELISA were included in the study. The results and other relevant information were recorded on proforma. Results: Out of 690 study subjects, 62% were male and 38% were female. The mean age ± SD was 33.8 + 7.4years. The percentage of HAV or HEV infected cases was 59%,and 41% were not infected with HAV or HEV. The frequency and percentage of Hepatitis AVirus was 62(15%),whereas the frequency and percentage of HEV was 327(80%) and that of co-infection with HAV and HEV was 21(5%). The mean + SD age of Hepatitis AVirus was 35.2 + 5.0,whereas the mean + SD age of Hepatitis E Virus and co-infection with Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E Virus were 31.45 + 2.3 and 22.6 + 6.3 years, respectively. Conclusion: Hepatitis E Virus is the commonest cause of acute hepatitis in our study,followed by hepatitis A Virus and coinfection of HAV and HEV. Key words: Frequency, Hepatitis A infection, Hepatitis E infection, Co- infection Hepatitis A & Hepatitis E.
Desarrollo de frondes circinados y valor nutricional de helechos alimenticios en el Santuario Nacional Ampay-Apurímac
Authors: Farfán Zegarra Rene , Coacalla Castillo Carlos E. , Castro Peréz Gladys M. , Holgado Rojas Maria E. , Lazarte Lovaton Ruth , Paucarmayta Holgado Daniel
Published: January 2021

El helecho Asplenium squamosum que crece en el Santuario Nacional del Ampay Abancay – Apurímac y el distrito de Lamay, Calca – Cusco, con importancia económica por ser considerados ornamentales, pero con potencial alimenticio y medicinal para los pobladores locales. Tiene como propósito determinar el crecimiento de frondes circinados, siendo un estudio transversal, de diseño correlacional y descriptivo. El crecimiento óptimo de las frondes se observó durante los meses enero y febrero con longitudes que alcanzaban de 18 a 27 cm, ello por la influencia de la precipitación pluvial promedio anual 50.72 mm; temperatura promedio anual 15.05º C y humedad relativa 73 %. La frecuencia de frondes circinados por cada mata varía de 1 a 7, siendo el promedio de 4 unidades por cada planta de helecho. El Coeficiente de correlación exponencial de longitud y peso de las frondes fue (r = 0.90). El análisis nutricional en cuanto a proteínas y fibras fueron mayores a 3 %, carbohidratos 4.36 %. Se halló un alto contenido de Potasio, Fósforo, Calcio y Magnesio.
De Cuarentenas, Verdades y Poética
Authors: Barredo Carlos
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre las condiciones impuestas, por la pandemia y su cuarentena, sobre la práctica de los analistas y debates en curso acerca de la misma. Enfatiza el rescate necesario de la función –equívoca, poética- de la palabra en nuestra praxis. El autor comenta alternativas sobre los textos intercambiados por los analistas y sobre intercambios virtuales que tuvieron lugar en distintas jornadas organizadas en los últimos meses.
Mantendo vivo o que já está morto
Authors: Saramago Filipe Matthes , Abrantes Maria João , Madureira Inês Lobo , Alexandre Ana , Lencastre Marina Prieto Afonso
Published: January 2021

A transgeracionalidade psíquica do trauma remete-nos para o irrepresentável de uma história familiar impensada. Trauma vergonhoso ou secreto que insere o sujeito numa cadeia genealógica e o faz transportar um sofrimento que não é somente o seu. Revisitando o pensamento de diversos autores, este artigo procura entender o impacto da herança psíquica alienante e a forma como os fragmentos traumáticos inconscientes se transmitem através das gerações. Padrões de vinculação desregulados, sofrimentos inconscientes nos pais e avós e a dificuldade de mentalizar os conteúdos traumáticos que daí advêm perpetuam a existência de vazios de representação que se inscrevem inclusivamente na assinatura epigenética do indivíduo.
Queer sau despre activism în gândire
Authors: Anemțoaicei Ovidiu
Published: January 2021

As the concept of queer becomes more pervasive in the Romanian academic and activist spaces, the question concerning its conceptual content in relation to other critical notions from feminist and gender theories, as well as from critical thought in general, turns out to be quite central to the discussion. In this article, I propose a way of understanding this concept by employing the Deleuzian critical approach to philosophy and critical thought processes and formation as a starting point for elaborating future political and resistance strategies in progressive social movements.
Dezvoltare personală și feminism: O perspectivă sociologică asupra mișcărilor pentru drepturile femeilor în România neoliberală
Authors: Trifan Elena
Published: January 2021

The article aims to analyze the ways in which personal development is used as a tool to manage social justice issues, domestic violence cases and other forms of structural inequality. In most works in the social sciences, self-help discourse has been criticized for reiterating the individualizing neoliberal discourse that leads to growing social inequalities, along with blaming the most vulnerable for their own fate. However, personal development as a practice has been used by organizations working at community level to address personal issues caused by social inequalities. The analysis aims to present the intertwining of global ideological and political plans at the individual level through non-governmental organizations, their projects and personal development courses. The research consisted in the analysis of the activities and projects of the organizations that are part of the Network for Preventing and Combating Violence against Women (VIF) and the ethnography data of personal development practices in Romania from a previous research.
Los últimos días de D. Ramón Castilla
Authors: Osio José Mariano
Published: January 2021

Memoria sobre los últimos días de D. Ramón Castilla escrita por el Dr. D. José Mariano Osio, Cura y Vicario de Tarapacá. Incluye caricaturas aparecidas en el álbum de caricaturas políticas titulado Adefesios en 1855.
Subglacial carbonate deposits as a potential proxy for a glacier's former presence
Authors: Lipar Matej , Martín-Pérez Andrea , Tičar Jure , Pavšek Miha , Gabrovec Matej , Hrvatin Mauro , Komac Blaž , Zorn Matija , Zupan Hajna Nadja , Zhao Jian-Xin , Drysdale Russell N. , Ferk Mateja
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The retreat of ice shelves and glaciers over the last
century provides unequivocal evidence of recent global warming. Glacierets
(miniature glaciers) and ice patches are important components of the
cryosphere that highlight the global retreat of glaciers, but knowledge of
their behaviour prior to the Little Ice Age is lacking. Here, we report the
uranium–thorium age of subglacial carbonate deposits from a recently exposed
surface previously occupied by the disappearing Triglav Glacier
(southeastern European Alps) that may elucidate the glacier's presence
throughout the entire Holocene. The ages suggest the deposits' possible preservation
since the Last Glacial Maximum and Younger Dryas. These thin deposits,
formed by regelation, are easily eroded if exposed during previous Holocene
climatic optima. The age data indicate the glacier's present unprecedented
level of retreat since the Last Glacial Maximum and the potential of
subglacial carbonates as additional proxies to highlight the extraordinary
nature of the current global climatic changes.
Relationship Between The Student Nurses’ Critical Thinking Dispositions and Autonomy Levels
Authors: Uyar Mehmet Günay , Güven Şefika Dilek
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between nursing students’ critical thinking disposition and autonomy levels. METHODS: The descriptive-relationship seeking study was conducted with 288 nursing students in the nursing department of a state university. Data were collected by using the Descriptive Characteristics Information Form, which included socio-demographic characteristics, California Critical Thinking Disposition Scale and Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale. Data were analyzed by number, percentage, mean, standard deviation and Pearson correlation tests. RESULTS: It was found that the students’ mean autonomy subscale of Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale score was 87.43±11.27 and the overall mean score of critical thinking disposition was 232.52±23.30. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the students› overall mean scores of California Critical Thinking Disposition Scale and autonomy subscale scores of Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale (r = 0.526, p <0.010). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In the study, the autonomy levels of the students were above the middle level; critical thinking disposition levels were low; There was a positive relationship between critical thinking disposition and autonomy levels. The results of the study suggest that nursing education curricula should be revised and restructured in order to raise students’ critical thinking and autonomy levels in nursing education.
Roles y actores del sector Defensa a la luz de la ley N° 21.255, Ley Chilena Antártica
Authors: Urquízar Pablo , Cortés Barbara
Published: January 2021

Se analizan los roles y funciones de cada uno de los organismos e instituciones del sector Defensa a la luz de la nueva Ley Chilena Antártica y del Sistema de Tratado Antártico, desde la conducción política; operativa conjunta y operativa institucional de la Defensa en la Antártica, además de otras funciones y sus principales desafíos.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Network and Communication Technologies Vol. 5, No. 1
Authors: Lee Bruce
Published: January 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Network and Communication Technologies Vol. 5, No. 1, 2020.
Handhaving van bijtincidenten
Authors: Baar Jaap
Published: January 2021

Enforcement of dog bite incidents in criminal and administrative law

This article examines how the enforcement of dog biting incidents takes place in the Netherlands. Enforcement can be carried out using both criminal and administrative law. This practice is discussed, as well as where the bottlenecks in enforcement practice are. Finally, proposals are made to improve present practices.
Knowledge, Anxiety and the Use of Hydroxychloroquine Prophylaxis among Health Care Students and Professionals Regarding COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jindal Vinita , Mittal Saurabh , Kaur Tanvir , Bansal Avtar Singh , Kaur Prabhjot , Kaur Gurmeet , Sati Hem C. , Garg Avneet
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Data regarding knowledge and attitude about COVID-19, the prevalence of acceptance of hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis and anxiety amidst COVID-19 pandemic among health care students/professionals in India is scarce. Material and methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted during May 2020, using an online survey via Google forms. A self-administered validated structured questionnaire was applied, which comprised 28 questions among health care students/professionals at a tertiary care centrein North India. Results:A total of 956 respondents were included (10.2% nurses, 45.2% medical students, 24.3% paramedical students, 11.7% resident doctors and 8.6% consultant doctors). Overall knowledge score was 9.3/15; the highest for preventive practices (4/5), followed by clinical knowledge (2.7/5) and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) (2.6/5). The overall score was the highest in consultant doctors (10.8) while the lowest in nurses (8.5) and paramedical students (8.4) (p < 0.001). Less than half of the respondents had knowledge about the correct sequence of doffing PPE and the use of N95 mask. About 21.8% of the participants experienced moderate to severe anxiety; higher among nurses (38%), followed by paramedical students (29.3%); and anxiety was higher when knowledge score was low (27.6% vs. 14.7%); both factors were independent predictors on multivariate analysis (p < 0.001). Only 18.1% of the respondents applied HCQ prophylaxis — the highest proportion constituted consultants (42.7%), and the least — paramedical students (5.2%); (p < 0.001) and HCQ use was more frequently used if they had a family member of extreme age group at home (23.3% vs. 12.2%; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The knowledge about correct PPE usage is low among all groups of HCWs and students, and there is a high prevalence of anxiety due to COVID-19. The lower COVID-19 knowledge scores were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of anxiety and inadequate use of HCQ prophylaxis. The appliance of HCQ prophylaxis had no significant association with anxiety levels of the respondents.
The Coincidence of Diabetes Mellitus and Asthma, Their Probable Causal Relationships and Therapeutic Opportunities
Authors: Kosmalski Marcin , Różycka-Kosmalska Monika , Witusik Andrzej , Pietras Tadeusz
Published: January 2021

Both the epidemiological data and the everyday medical practice demonstrate the coincidence of various types of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with asthma. Specific correlations between the risk of DM in pregnancy, asthma and the consequences of these diseases to the mother and her baby are also explored. The discussion concerning, on the one hand, the impact of asthma-related inflammatory condition on the metabolism of carbohydrates, and, on the other, the presence of chronic hyperglycemia and inflammatory markers observed in patients with asthma, is still ongoing. In the case of asthma and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), a correlation with the dysfunction of the immune system and the genetic background has been suggested, and in the case of type 2 (T2DM), the vital role of obesity and insulin resistance (IR) to promote excessive proinflammatory immune response. The data indicate that both asthma and DM affect mutually their clinical presentations, including the prognostic values and therapeutic possibilities. The ongoing controversy concerning the effective and safe anti-asthma and hypoglycemizing therapy does not allow for a definitive therapeutic consensus in this group of patients, despite the suggested role of metformin and hyperglycemizing effects of glucocorticoids. Therefore, the objective of the presented paper is a review of the knowledge in the field of DM and asthma coincidence, their probable causal relationships and therapeutic opportunities.
The influence of birth type and sex on rearing of Polish Heath and Żelaźnieńska lambs
Authors: Radzik-Rant Aurelia , Rant Witold , Bryjak Adrianna , Niżnikowski Roman
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of birth type and sex on lambs survival parameters of polish heath and żelazneńska sheep. The research included data, which was used to determine the prolificacy index, the percentage of live-born lambs and the lambs rearing index up to 100 days of age. A higher prolificacy index (P≤0.01) and a higher percentage (P≤0.01) of reared lambs were determined in the polish heath compared to the żelazneńska sheep. In the herd of the first breed, a greater proportion of twin and more numerous litters than singleton births were noted. Single and twin litters were dominant in the żelazneńskie sheep. The rearing rate of lambs from single litters was at a similar level in both observed breeds. However, in the herd of polish heath sheep, lambs from multiple litters shoved also high rearing rate. Single ram lambs were characterized by higher (P≤0.01) body weight at birth and at 56 days of age compared to twin born and ewe lambs, both in polish heath sheep and żelazneńska sheep. Statistical differences (P≤0.01) in body weight at birth and on 56th day of age were also recorded between twins and triplets in polish heath sheep. The analysis of the distribution of lambs' mortality during the rearing period has shown that the most critical is the first week of life of the born offsprings.
The use of evolutionary operations to assess the intervention effect on the behaviour of dairy cows
Authors: Czubernat Anna , Makulska Joanna , Krogh Mogens , Stygar Anna
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study was to use evolutionary operations (EVOP) to evaluate changes in the behaviour of dairy cows depending on the strategy according to which they were grouped after calving. The experiment was carried out on a Danish farm keeping about 200 Holstein cows. The farm had two separate areas for lactating cows: a small area with 54 waterbeds and a larger area with 133 beds with mattresses. During the experiment both areas were filled with cows. Cows after calving were introduced to either the small area (group) or the large area (group). After 14 days, the cows from the small group were transferred to the large group. The impact of different cow grouping strategies on their lying time, considered a welfare indicator, was examined. During the 210-day experiment, 195,703 observations were collected. The behavioural data were analysed using a linear mixed-effect regression model fitted by the maximum likelihood method. Days in milk, parity number, and lying time of herd mates were found to significantly affect the lying time of individual cows, while the strategy of cow grouping after calving had no effect on lying time.
“This is where we do it!”. Materiality, family, and musealization in second homes
Authors: Bjørn Knudsen Inger , Vestergaard Knudsen Line
Published: January 2021

The materiality of family-inherited second homes offers a rich example of musealization in the private sphere. Presuming that relational socio-material practices that enact family culture and history take place at these houses, we conducted an observation and interview study by visiting ten family-inherited second homes in Denmark. In our analysis of these visits, we examine various practices by which musealization takes place in the second homes. We emphasize that the inherited second homes set scenes for musealization practices concerning a wide collective and temporally elongated family member circle. We also claim that unstable and undecided musealization practices can sometimes be useful for balancing past, present, and future claims of the second home’s materiality. We finally suggest that musealization practices in family-inherited second homes present vibrant and negotiable ways of relating to the past that might inspire cultural historical museums.
AVALIAÇÃO QUALITATIVA DA ATUAÇÃO DO COMITÊ DE BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO DAS VELHAS
Authors: Andrades Rafael Lara Mazoni , Rozenberg Bruno de Castro , Castro Henrique Alves de
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar de maneira qualitativa a atuação de uma instituição participativa envolvida na gestão de uma bacia hidrográfica: o Comitê de Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio das Velhas, em Minas Gerais. A metodologia, baseada em um trabalho amplamente aceito pelos teóricos da participação social, parte da revisão bibliográfica para a análise dos aspectos citados por Silva (2011). Os resultados dessa avaliação mostram que há vários aspectos positivos relacionados à efetividade desse Comitê, como sua composição paritária, sua importância no processo de outorga da água, sua atuação larga no ciclo de políticas públicas e sua capacidade de articulação. No entanto, persistem entraves a uma maior efetividade, como a ambiguidade na legislação atinente à gestão de águas no Brasil, que abre espaço para a participação social, mas dá primazia ao conhecimento técnico.
Ecological Engineering Measures for Ravine Slope Stabilization and Its Sustainable Productive Utilization
Authors: Singh Gaurav , Kumar Raj , Jinger Dinesh , Dhakshanamoorthy Dinesh
Published: January 2021

The 120 countries have committed to set the UNCCD sustainable development goal on achieving the land degradation neutrality by 2030 including India. The target has to be accomplished in a synergistic and cost-effective manner in accordance with countries’ specific national contexts and development priorities. Globally, the ravine landscapes are considered among the world’s most degraded ecosystems. Therefore, restoring ravines is considered a high priority item in the natural resource management programs. The vegetation cover augmented with appropriate conservation measures is the most sought restoration strategy. The engineering measures are prerequisite for slope stabilization and sustainable productive utilization in ravine ecosystem. The several methods for slope stabilization are available but only few are applied in ravine land. Therefore, in this chapter, we have covered only those slope stabilization techniques which were successfully applied for the restoration of ravine land.
Pulsed Laser Deposition of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides-Based Heterostructures for Efficient Photodetection
Authors: Kumar Singh Deependra , Kar Nanda Karuna , Baba Krupanidhi Saluru
Published: January 2021

From the past few decades, photodetectors (PDs) are being regarded as crucial components of many photonic devices which are being used in various important applications. However, the PDs based on the traditional bulk semiconductors still face a lot of challenges as far as the device performance is concerned. To overcome these limitations, a novel class of two-dimensional materials known as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) has shown great promise. The TMDCs-based PDs have been reported to exhibit competitive figures of merit to the state-of-the-art PDs, however, their production is still limited to laboratory scale due to limitations in the conventional fabrication methods. Compared to these traditional synthesis approaches, the technique of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) offers several merits. PLD is a physical vapor deposition approach, which is performed in an ultrahigh-vacuum environment. Therefore, the products are expected to be clean and free from contaminants. Most importantly, PLD enables actualization of large-area thin films, which can have a significant potential in the modern semiconductor industry. In the current chapter, the growth of TMDCs by PLD for applications in photodetection has been discussed, with a detailed analysis on the recent advancements in this area. The chapter will be concluded by providing an outlook and perspective on the strategies to overcome the shortcomings associated with the current devices.
The Role of Gender in the Onset, Development and Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Co-Morbidities
Authors: C. Cassidy Féaron , Lafferty Sinead , M. Coleman Cynthia
Published: January 2021

Almost half a billion people worldwide are living with diabetes mellitus (DM). Complications associated with DM are common and approximately half of those people with DM suffer from at least one comorbidity. There is high mortality, morbidity and cost associated with these comorbidities which include cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and osteopathy. Gender influences the relative risk of developing complications from DM via differing mechanisms – both directly and indirectly. Generally, an increased relative risk of cardiovascular disease and kidney disease is noticed in women with DM compared to the non-DM context, where rates of both are much higher in men. Men appear to be at greater risk of diabetic retinopathy and also of insensate diabetic neuropathy, whereas women suffer from an increased rate of painful diabetic neuropathy compared to men. These differences are not clear cut and vary regionally and temporally, indicating that the field would benefit from further research on both the epidemiology and physiological mechanism of the observed patterns. These differences should be taken into account in treatment programmes for DM and its comorbidities.
Use of Swine Manure in Agriculture in Southern Brazil: Fertility or Potential Contamination?
Authors: Benedet Lucas , Wilbert Ferreira Guilherme , Brunetto Gustavo , Loss Arcângelo , Emílio Lovato Paulo , Rogério Lourenzi Cledimar , Henrique Godinho Silva Sérgio , Curi Nilton , José Comin Jucinei
Published: January 2021

A major challenge in agricultural production systems is the maximization of resources used to promote the development of crops with a minimum of environmental impact. In this sense, the use of fertilizers of animal origin has great potential to promote the improvement of soil properties. In southern Brazil, swine manure (SM) is widely used in agricultural areas, allowing nutrient cycling within pig units and reducing costs for chemical fertilizers. Much of this manure is applied in liquid form (PS), but other strategies are often used, such as PS compost and swine bedding (DL). The use of these SMs improves the chemical, biological, and physical attributes of the soil, contributing to increased fertility and productivity of crops. However, prolonged use or applications with high doses of SM can result in the accumulation of metals and phosphorus in soils, representing a risk of contamination of soils and surface water resources, mainly due to losses by runoff, and subsurface, by leaching. Therefore, the adoption of criteria and the rational use of PMs need to be adopted to avoid dangerous effects on the environment, such as plant toxicity and water contamination. The potentialities and risks of SM applications are discussed in this chapter.
Towards Large Scale Image Retrieval System Using Parallel Frameworks
Authors: Mezzoudj Saliha
Published: January 2021

Recently, the increasing use of mobile devices, such as cameras and smartphones, has resulted in a dramatic increase in the amount of images collected every day. Therefore, retrieving and managing these large volumes of images has become a major challenge in the field of computer vision. One of the solutions for efficiently managing image databases is an Image Content Search (CBIR) system. For this, we introduce in this chapter some fundamental theories of content-based image retrieval for large scale databases using Parallel frameworks. Section 2 and Section 3 presents the basic methods of content-based image retrieval. Then, as the emphasis of this chapter, we introduce in Section 1.2 A content-based image retrieval system for large-scale images databases. After that, we briefly address Big Data, Big Data processing platforms for large scale image retrieval. In Sections 5, 6, 7, and 8. Finally, we draw a conclusion in Section 9.
Diagnosis and Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: (Brian) Sun Ho-Hyun , Sun Sally
Published: January 2021

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) represents a major public health issue affecting over 10% of the general adult, more than 80% of the geriatric, and up to 11% of the pediatric populations. Numerous studies have demonstrated distinct associations between OSA and diabetes, daytime drowsiness, and cardiopulmonary compromise including myocardial infarction. Considering the estimated rate of underdiagnosis, OSA is expected to exert a significant unrealized toll on the global healthcare infrastructure with the number of diagnoses increasing each year. The diagnosis of OSA entails subjective and objective evaluations including sleep surveys and polysomnography. Accordingly, treatment of OSA also encompasses a large variety of conservative, pharmacologic, and surgical interventions. Treatment selection remains a difficult but critical part of intervention especially when multiple modalities are required. This chapter aims to describe not only the presentation of this head and neck airway pathology but the interprofessional management strategies employed.
Assembling an Anti-COVID-19 Artillery in the Battle against the New Coronavirus
Authors: Siddoo-Atwal Chanda
Published: January 2021

The panic and confusion surrounding the pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus requires a systematic study of the disease (COVID-19) and the arsenal of weapons available to the biochemist in the fight against infection. When developing a particularly bad flu in January 2020 while in India after the visit of a friend, who had just travelled back from Wuhan (China), it gave me an early opportunity to study the tricky diagnosis of this dreaded disease first-hand. The somewhat unusual symptoms and a lingering weakness and malaise for months suggested that it was no ordinary influenza virus. Since that time, a baffling number of disparate symptoms have been ascribed to COVID-19 infection including respiratory, gastrointestinal, circulatory, urinary tract and nerve dysfunction that have even resulted in multi-organ failure in some cases. Naturally, an array of risk factors have also been identified ranging from age, sex, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension to cigarette smoking that can increase mortality rate dramatically. In the intervening period, much research has appeared on biochemical compounds that may help to prevent this infection and, possibly, aid in patient recovery. Among these bioactive molecules are certain anti-inflammatory substances such as vitamin D, zinc, chloroquine, soy isoflavones like genistein, and glycyrrhizic acid, some of which may be successful in attacking different biochemical processes of the new coronavirus and disarming its deadly artillery against the human host. In a few instances, the viral processes that are inhibited by these chemicals are essential for the replication and reproduction of this RNA virus thereby striking a lethal blow to its machinery. Thus, taken together, these compounds may form a worthy arsenal against a formidable foe in the absence of an effective vaccine, and, especially, if relapse or re-infection proves to be a common occurrence in recovered COVID-19 patients.
Concentration and Microwave Radiated Reduction of Southeastern Anatolian Hematite and Limonite Ores—Reduced Iron Ore Production
Authors: İsmail Tosun Yildirim
Published: January 2021

The concentration of low grade iron ore resources was evaluated by washing and reduction. The advanced concentration methods for low grade limonite and hematite iron ores of South Eastern Anatolian resources required such specific methods. The followed column flotation and magnetic separation, microwave radiated reduction of hematite slime and limonite sand orewere investigated on potential reducing treatment. The bubling fluidized bed allows more time to the heat radiation and conduction for reducing to the resistive ıron compounds. Furthermore, heavy limonite and iron oxide allowed sufficient intimate contact coal and biomass through surface pores in the bubbling fluidized bed furnace due to more pyrolysis gas desorption. Bubbling bath porosity decreased by temperature decrease. This research was included reduction in microwave of poor hematite and limonite ores in the microwave ovens, but through smaller tubing flows as sintering shaft plants following column flotation and scavangering operation. Two principle stages could still manage prospective pre reduction granule and pellet production in new sintering plants. There is a lack of energy side which one can produce reduced iron ore in advanced technology plants worldwide. However, for the low grade iron ores such as limonite and sideritic iron ores it was thought that microwave reduction technique was assumed that this could cut energy consumption in the metallurgy plants.
The MONITOR Ecosystem: A Digital Health Intervention for the Early Detection, Control, Follow-Up, and Management of COVID-19 in Mexico
Authors: Betancourt-Cravioto Miguel , Falcón-Lezama Jorge , Rojas-Estrella Fernando , Saucedo-Martínez Rodrigo , Tapia-Conyer Roberto
Published: January 2021

In fighting infectious disease outbreaks, a basic epidemiological principle is to detect cases quickly and to isolate each case, to interrupt transmission. This principle has been the cornerstone of the Carso Group (CG) COVID Protocol, a systematic blueprint for the reopening of operations of workplaces in the context of ongoing disease transmission in Mexico. The CG comprises over 50 companies with approximately 180,000 employees engaged in economic activities including telecommunications, retail, construction, banking, mining, and manufacturing, among others. To cope with the COVID-19 pandemic within the CG, the Carlos Slim Foundation designed, developed and implemented MONITOR, a digital health ecosystem comprising a mobile phone application, web portal, and analytics platform, to assess the infection risk of each employee, follow-up their health status, and detect early symptoms of COVID-19. MONITOR provides daily notifications for any suspected cases and activates a COVID-19 testing request and follow-up of results. This intervention helps rapidly identify and isolate suspected cases, as well as follow-up of work and family contacts, to prevent further outbreaks. Use of MONITOR has thus enabled containment of COVID-19 in workplaces and safe return to work. MONITOR is an example of the implementation of public health practices in workplaces and can serve as the basis for larger deployment in population-wide settings.
The Outcome of Eating Disorders: Relapse, Childbirth, Postnatal Depression, Family Support
Authors: Makino Mariko , Yasushi Mitsuo , Hashizume Masahiro
Published: January 2021

This study was aimed to identify eating disorder (ED) relapse, childbirth, postnatal depression,and the family support. Of the ED patients during treatment from 1994 to 2004,55 were pregnant and had ED recovery. Of them, 25 (21 Bulimia Nervosa (BN)and 4 Anorexia Nervosa (AN)) agreed to take part in this study. We interviewed them every 2 wk. both during the pregnancy and after childbirth. We also interviewed family members each month. The Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were helpful for diagnosing the EDs and postnatal depression. As the statistical analysis, We conducted t-test.67%relapsed ED while pregnant and 50%relapsed postnatal. In the non-relapse group, all the subjects had vaginal delivery and their infants were male. 50% of the subjects had postnatal depression. Non-Postnatal depression group had average body- weight infants. With regard to family support, there was no relationship between ED relapse and postnatal depression. We found that the rate of ED relapse and that of suffering from postnatal depression were remarkable in this group, suggesting the necessity for long-term follow-up for the EDs.
Genomic and Immunological Identification of Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) and Investigation of Coinfection with Bordetella bronchiseptica Among Dogs in Iran
Authors: Isvand Mehri , Mokhtari Azam , Esmailnejad Atefeh
Published: January 2021

Background: Canine distemper virus (CDV) is an extremely contagious pathogen that causes deadly diseases in carnivores worldwide. Objectives: Considering the effect of CDV on the host immune system and the increased risk of other infections, the present study aimed to investigate the incidence of coinfection with CDV and Bordetella bronchiseptica, using genomic and serological methods. Methods: In this study, 50 blood samples, eye samples, respiratory swabs, and gastrointestinal tract swabs were taken from dogs, which showed symptoms of respiratory and gastrointestinal tract involvement, suggesting CDV infection. Also, 50 seemingly healthy dogs were included in this study. The animals were referred to Isfahan clinics between the spring of 2018 and the winter of 2019. For the initial diagnosis of CDV by immunological methods, a rapid CDV immunochromatography kit was used. To investigate for the genomes of both pathogens, after DNA and RNA extraction and reverse transcription of the extracted RNA samples, a PCR assay was performed using specific primers. Results: Based on the results of the RT-PCR assay, of 50 samples taken from dogs with suspected CDV infection, 37 were positive for the presence of CDV nucleic acids, and 20 were positive for the presence of B. bronchiseptica nucleic acids. Also, of 50 samples taken from seemingly healthy dogs, three were positive for CDV, and 15 were positive for B. bronchiseptica nucleic acids. Conclusions: In the present study, of 100 samples taken from dogs with suspected CDV infection and apparently healthy dogs, 15 showed coinfection (12 samples from dogs with symptoms of CDV and three from seemingly healthy dogs). However, no significant relationship was found between CDV and B. bronchiseptica infections. It seems that future studies with a larger sample size can provide us with more accurate results.
Melatonin Use in Pediatrics: Evaluating the Discrepancy in Evidence Based on Country and Regulations Regarding Production
Authors: Skrzelowski Michelle , Brookhaus Amanda , Shea Leticia A. , Berlau Daniel J.
Published: January 2021

Melatonin manufacturers in the United States have begun producing melatonin products specifically targeted for use in the pediatric population. This paper aims to critically evaluate the evidence available regarding the use of melatonin in children based on where the clinical trials are performed and the regulations regarding the production of melatonin in that country.

Melatonin is regulated differently around the world with the least amount of regulation placed on OTC supplements in the United States. The majority of studies evaluating melatonin use in the pediatric population are conducted with children who have comorbidities, such as autism spectrum disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Evidence supporting the use of US formulations of melatonin in the otherwise healthy pediatric population is non-existent. Based on the lack of safety regulations in place in the United States and the lack of evidence regarding US melatonin products, they should be used sparingly in the otherwise healthy pediatric population, if they are used at all.
Efficacy of Low-Dose Epinephrine Continuous Infusion in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Lee Gloria , Kaiser Jeffrey R. , Moffett Brady S. , Rodman Emily , Toy Cynthia , Rios Danielle R.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVES

Although epinephrine is used in the neonatal intensive care unit, few data exist on efficacy of doses <0.05 mcg/kg/min. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of low-dose epinephrine continuous infusion at doses <0.05 mcg/kg/min in infants.

METHODS

Single-center, retrospective review of hypotensive infants from 2011–2018. Charts were reviewed for initial and maximum epinephrine doses, additional vasoactive agents, short-term efficacy, and adverse effects. The primary outcome was percentage of patients initiated on low-dose epinephrine whose dose did not require titration to ≥0.05 mcg/kg/min.

RESULTS

A total of 115 patients met study criteria with 131 distinct occurrences of low-dose epinephrine initiation. Most patients were unresponsive to other vasopressors at the time of epinephrine initiation. The median (IQR) starting dose of low-dose epinephrine was 0.01 (0.01–0.04) mcg/kg/min and median (IQR) maximum dose was 0.04 (0.02–0.08) mcg/kg/min. Fifty-five percent were responders. Patients in this cohort demonstrated significant improvement of blood pressure and urine output (p < 0.001) without adverse effects.

CONCLUSIONS

Low-dose epinephrine infusion may be considered as an alternative treatment to standard starting doses in hypotensive neonatal intensive care unit patients.
Prevention of Withdrawal in Pediatric Patients Receiving Long-term Dexmedetomidine Infusions
Authors: Berrens Zachary J. , Sauro Ashley L. , Tillman Emma M.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

Determine if the addition of clonidine was associated with a decreased incidence of dexmedetomidine withdrawal in patients who received prolonged dexmedetomidine infusions.

METHODS

This was a retrospective observational cohort study conducted at a single-center PICU in an academic children's hospital. Children 1 month to 18 years of age who received dexmedetomidine infusion for 5 days or longer were included in the study.

RESULTS

Fifty patients met the inclusion criteria with 15 patients who received clonidine and 35 who received a dexmedetomidine wean alone. Withdrawal criteria included blood pressure changes, heart rate changes, and documented agitation. Overall, there was no difference in change in blood pressure or documented agitation between groups. Patients who did not receive clonidine had a greater number of heart rate readings above normal for age following discontinuation of the infusion, yet this was not statistically significant. Potentially more importantly, the addition of clonidine did not impact the duration of dexmedetomidine wean or the PICU length of stay after dexmedetomidine discontinuation.

CONCLUSIONS

The addition of clonidine while weaning a long-term dexmedetomidine infusion did not lead to lower blood pressures or agitation, but did lead to decreased percentage of heart rates above the age-appropriate range. The clinical significance of this is unknown, and further investigation is warranted. The addition of clonidine did not decrease time to weaning off dexmedetomidine or shorten PICU length of stay.
Arte e Cidadania em Contexto Prisional
Authors: Cruz Hugo
Published: January 2021

Este texto traça um breve percurso das experiências em contexto prisional desenvolvidas em Portugal nos últimos anos no contexto da ação da PELE e do seu autor. São apresentados os projetos Entrado, desenvolvido com homens no Estabelecimento Prisional do Porto e Inesquecível Emília no Estabelecimento Prisional de Santa Cruz do Bispo com a participação de mulheres no contexto de um projeto internacional. Finalmente, é abordada a experiência inserida no projeto ECOAR apoiado pelo Programa Cidadania Ativa promovido pela Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. É discutida a relevância de uma concepção de prática artística que integre a dimensão de cidadania, nomeadamente, em contextos prisionais.
Desejo de convívio: uma carta é uma visita
Authors: Melo Luciana Cezário Milagres de
Published: January 2021

Este artigo propõe o compartilhamento da pesquisa de Mestrado “Mergulho no Escuro: O teatro é [no] encontro com o outro no mundo”, realizada na Escola de Belas Artes da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, na linha de pesquisa Artes da Cena. Nesta pesquisa foi proposta uma residência artística em três unidades prisionais femininas tendo como referência práticas e concepções contemporâneas em teatro. O trabalho foi realizado a partir da ideia de que a escrita e o compartilhamento de cartas pessoais poderia ser mote para um acontecimento teatral. A investigação revelou a potência das artes da cena na proposição de encontros de intimidades junto às mulheres presas.
Correspondências flutuantes: o butoh na voz das mulheres em Abya Yala
Authors: Corradini Sandra , Mello Simone
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho parte de correspondências eletrônicas trocadas com as dançarinas de butoh Eugenia Vargas (México) e Susana Reyes (Equador) em meio à crise pandêmica do coronavírus no mundo. Inquietações compartilhadas com as artistas buscaram fomentar autorreflexões acerca de suas práticas no butoh, que são aqui analisadas a partir de um entrelaçamento teórico inscrito no trânsito Abya Yala-Japão. A abordagem persegue pistas que permitem organizar um conjunto de ideias acerca das qualidades e das potências do corpo, trabalhadas por ambas, e refleti-lo como uma possível hipótese evidenciada pela troca de cartas. Os achados corroboram o corpo como um lugar expressivo, íntimo e gerador de mitopoéticas, vistas como dança pessoal, experimentadas e tecidas a partir de relações com suas próprias culturas e ancestralidades em face da informação estrangeira.
Artistic practical activities in art education
Authors: Lemonchois Myriam
Published: January 2021

Everyone agrees to put practical activities at the heart of artistic teaching. Whether or not there isan “artistic”, “aesthetic” or “poetic” dimension is a question that haunts these teachings. How can we be sure that artistic dimension is present, in particular during practical workshop activities? Since the early of the 19th century, democratization of arts has been the main aim of practicalartistic education, the artistic dimension is ensured by the development of creative imaginationand its support from artistic circles, just like our contemporary teachings. This article proposes to describe the place given to the artistic dimension in practical activities, by French and Quebec plastic arts programs at elementary and secondary levels and more generally in the teachingof drawing in the 19th and 20th centuries. Noting the limits of French-speaking practices and research with regard to practical artistic activities, we conclude with the presentation of research examples to develop a didactic of practical artistic activities, which seems essential to us, to whatwe could call an aesthetic experiential culture.
Entre instalações, esculturas, performances e ensino das artes:
Authors: Rebelatto Tatiane
Published: January 2021

O presente texto trata-se de uma entrevista com a professora e artista visual Andréa Stanislav. Primeiramente, ela contou sobre o início da sua carreira nas Artes Visuais, as escolas que frequentou, os artistas com os quais teve aula e seu interesse pela fotografia, instalação e performances. Após, comentou sobre sua atuação como docente em uma instituição que possui um percurso interdisciplinar e contou um pouco sobre os desafios de ministrar aulas de escultura por meio das plataformas digitais. Ao final, enviou algumas imagens do trabalho atual, o qual se relaciona com o contexto pandêmico.