bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ivan Koštiál – a forgotten Slovene Romance linguist
Authors: Šega Agata
Published: October 2020

This article presents Ivan Koštiál’s research in Romance linguistics. Special attention is devoted to the contributions in which Koštiál—who, unfortunately, was somewhat overlooked by Romance linguistics in Slovenia—deals with language contact between Slovenian and the Romance languages.
Jubilantka Marija Janežič
Authors: Hajnšek-Holz Milena
Published: October 2020

V Inštitutu za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša letos praznujemo osemdesetletnico rojstva ene prvih sodelavk Inštituta in soavtorice Slovarja slovenskega knjižnega jezika Marije Janežič.
Vezanost poudarnih členkov na določeno besedno vrsto oziroma stavčni člen
Authors: Jakop Nataša
Published: October 2020

Prispevek govori o pomenskem in skladenjskem razmerju med členkom in besedno vrsto, ob kateri členek stoji, oziroma členka in stavčnega člena, katerega delje členek Osnovno merilo za delitev členkov je njihova vloga v stavku, povedi oziroma besedilu. Delitev glede na pomenje drugotna. Iz ponazarjalnega gradiva v SSKJ in primero v iz listko vnega gradiva na Inštitutu za slo venski jezik Frana Ramovša sem analizirala vezanost poudarnih členkov ravno, prav, posebno, predvsem, zlasti, celo, le, samo, edino, komaj, vsaj, tudi, približno, tako in skoraj.
Snježana Lončarevič Štuhec, Kako ti je ime? Statistični urad Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana 1999, 56 str.
Authors: Keber Janez
Published: October 2020

Avtor v prispevku ocenjuje prvo statistično delo o rojstnih imenih, ki ga je napisala statističarka. Meni, da je delo pomembno dopolnilo dosedanjih raziskovanj rojstnih imen v Sloveniji.
Ivanka Černelič - ob 70-letnici rojstva
Authors: Hajnšek Holz Milena
Published: October 2020

Letos praznuje Ivanka Černelič svojo sedemdesetletnico. V Inštitutu za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša je bila zaposlena 30 let in v tem času je opravljala redaktorsko in uredniško delo pri Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika, poleg tega pa je v delo uvajala mlajše sodelavce.
Liturgična terminologija v protireformaciji in baroku (1595-1768)
Authors: Legan Ravnikar Andreja
Published: October 2020

Obredna katoliška terminologija v protireformaciji in baroku predstavlja nadaljevanje predknjižne tradicije, diahroni prerez izkazuje le razvojne spremembe na izrazni in predvsem ideološko pogojeno razlikovalno s t na pomenski ravnini (vzorčni primeri). Čeprav se je razvijala v opoziciji do protestantskega obrednega izrazja, je imelo protestantsko nabožno slovstvo nanjo tudi povratni vpliv.
O razvrščanju iztočnic v terminološkem slovarju
Authors: Košmrlj - Levačič Borislava
Published: October 2020

Ob nadgradnji uporabniškega računalniškega programa SlovarRed, ki ga pri delu uporabljamo sodelavci Sekcije za terminološke slovarje ISJ, je bilo treba dopolniti obstoječi nabor znakov in določiti načela za abecedno razvrščanje iztočnic v terminološkem slovarju. Težave namreč lahko nastanejo tako pri citatno prevzetih terminih s črkami, kijih slovenščina ne uporablja, kakor tudi pri specialnih mednarodnih oblikah terminov, v katerih črkovni zapis dopolnjujejo različne kombinacije (ne)latiničnih črk, števkin drugih znakov v različni pisavah. Za vse tovrstne primere je bilo treba poiskati jasno, logično in nedvoumno načelo, ki mora pokrivati tudi odzadnje razvrščanje iztočnic.
Fonološki opis govora na Zgornji Velki (SLA 364)
Authors: Koletnik Mihaela
Published: October 2020

Krajevni govor Zgornje Velke (Slovenski lingvistični atlas, točka 364) spada v panonsko narečno skupino, natančneje v zahodno slovensko goriško podnarečje. Značilna zanj sta izguba tonemskih nasprotij in poznejše daljšanje staro- in novoakutiranih samoglasnikov v nezadnjih besednih zlogih, ki je zajelo tudi tiste v zadnjih ali edinih besednih zlogih in pod umičnimi naglasi, zato se danes odrazi za te samoglasnike razlikujejo od tistih, ki so bili stalno dolgi oz. cirkumflektirani. Tako je govor izgubil tudi kolikostno nasprotje. Med e-jevskimi glasovi ima samosvoj refleks stalno dolgi e (/e:i/), med o-jevskimipa stalno dolgi q (Jo:/).
Emile Genouvrier, Claude Désirât, Tristan Horde, Dictionnaire des synonymes (Larousse, Paris 2001)
Authors: Praznik Zvonka
Published: October 2020

V prispevku je predstavljen Slovar sinonimov (Dictionnaire des synonymes) treh francoskih avtorjev (Emile Genouvrier, Claude Désirât, Tristan Horde), kije izšel pri založbi Larousse leta 2001. Narejena je primerjava z delom istih avtorjev z naslovom Novi slovar sinonimov (Nouveau dictionnaire des synonymes) iz leta 1988, tako glede osnovne zamisli kot slovarske uresničitve. Ob primerjanju posameznih rešitev v obeh slovarjih so ugotovljene najpomembnejše razlike med njima, kritično osvetljene z rešitvami v nekaterih drugih slovaropisnih priročnikih te vrste, tudi z drugih jezikovnih področij.
Mihaela Koletnik, Slovenskogoriško narečje (Maribor 2001)
Authors: Škofic Jožica
Published: October 2020

V članku je predstavljena monografija mariborske dia-lektologinje Mihaele Koletnik Slovenskogoriško narečje, kije kot 12. knjiga iz zbirke Zora izšla pri Slavističnem društvu Maribor. V njej avtorica predstavlja rezultate svojega večletnega raziskovanja gla-soslovne, oblikoslovne in skladenjske ravnine panonskega slovensko-goriškega narečja ter utemeljuje njegovo delitev na dve podnarečji, na vzhodno in zahodno na podlagi kolikostnega nasprotja med stalno dolgimi ter staro- in novoakutiranimi samoglasniki.
Vicente Rodriguez Casado (1918-1990)
Authors: Calderón Quijano José Antonio
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
Ideas geográficas de Hernan Cortes
Authors: Martínez-Loza Abel
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
Las desnaturalizaciones calchaquies y sus efectos en las Poblaciones tras­ladadas al Valle de Choromoros
Authors: López de Albornoz Cristina
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
Minería peruana y reformismo estatal: Las ordenanzas del Real Banco de San Carlos de la Villa De Potosi
Authors: Fernández Alonso Serena
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
El mercantilismo borbónico y la economía americana: la nueva granada en la época del comercio libre, 1778-1795
Authors: Mcfarlane Anthony
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
Puerto rico y Gibraltar (1711-1788): una negociación frustrada
Authors: D'Alzina Guillermety Carlos
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
Ampliación del rango de distribución de Harpactirella insidiosa (Denis, 1960) (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Theraphosidae): una araña endémica de Marruecos poco conocida
Authors: Calatayud-Mascarell Arnau , Sánchez-Vialas Alberto
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo presentamos una nueva cita de Harpactirella insidiosa (Denis, 1960), un terafósido escasamente estudiado de Marruecos, solamente conocido de la localidad tipo, situada en los alrededores de Ben Slimane. Este nuevo registro, basado en dos hembras adultas, amplía el área de distribución de la especie 210 km al suroeste de la localidad tipo. Ambos ejemplares fueron encontrados en la llanura de Doukkala, 14 km al sur de Oualidia, y comparados con topotipos de la especie. Esta nota se acompaña con las primeras imágenes de la especie in vivo y se discute, además, su situación taxonómica.
Caracterización de la superficie de un recubrimiento EPD sobre la aleación de Mg AZ91 obtenida mediante Pulvimetalurgia
Authors: Aydin İbrahim , İhsan Bahçepinar Ali , Gül Canser
Published: October 2020

Los implantes habituales en aplicaciones biomédicas como el Ti y sus aleaciones y el acero inoxidable 316L pueden dañar los tejidos circundantes, ocasionando infecciones. Para evitar este riesgo, es necesario producir materiales de implantes de nueva generación que sean más ligeros que los biomateriales existentes, en los que las propiedades mecánicas y estructura sean similares al hueso. En este estudio, el material de implante de aleación de Mg AZ91 se obtiene mediante un procedimiento pulvimetalúrgico. Adicionalmente, para mejorar la biocompatibilidad y bioactividad, el material de implante obtenido se recubrió con hidroxiapatita (HA), conocido como biomaterial de base cerámica. Se aplicó un revestimiento de HA a la superficie de la aleación utilizan el método de deposición electroforética. Se examinaron las propiedades superficiales y la resistencia a la corrosión. Los valores de voltaje aplicados en el proceso de recubrimiento fueron 100, 150, 200 y 250 V, durante un tiempo de 2 min. Se utilizaron productos químicos de HA, etanol, alcohol polivinílico (PVA), N, N-dimetilformamida para preparar la solución de revestimiento. Se analizaron las microestructuras de los recubrimientos mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) y se realizaron análisis elementales (EDS) de las superficies del recubrimiento. Se utilizó el método de difracción de rayos X (XRD) para determinar las fases de los recubrimientos y su concentración. Finalmente, se determinaron los valores de espesor del revestimiento y la rugosidad superficial. El comportamiento frente a la corrosión se determinó mediante la medida de potencial de corrosión, utilizando como electrolito un fluido corporal artificial.
“Good Christians, Good Citizens, Good Patriots”.Young Italy and the Atlantic struggle for the Nation, 1835-1848
Authors: Bonvini Alessandro
Published: October 2020

Between the mid-1830s and the mid-1840s, hundreds of Young Italy’s agents left Italy’s coasts to support the struggle against the Ancien Régime from abroad. From Montevideo to New York, these exiles created associations, founded newspapers, formed military legions, and established a national community abroad. These revolutionaries – as human transfers of the cause for unification – led the birth of a republican international of patriots. American exile encouraged a collective experience of politicization for the Mazzinian generation, turning the Atlantic into a diaspora laboratory of the Risorgimento.
Digestibility of diets with passion fruit by-product estimated through external and internal markers in dairy heifers
Authors: Figueiredo Mércia Regina Pereira de , Saliba Eloisa de Oliveira Simões , Barbosa Geraldo Sérgio Carneiro , Colodo Juliana Cristina Nogueira , Almança Rebeca Agnes , Moreira Guilherme Rocha
Published: October 2020

This study examined the influence of the external markers chromium oxide (CO), titanium dioxide (TD), isolated, purified and enriched lignin (LIPE®) and isolated, purified, enriched lignin in nanoparticles (NANOLIPE®) as well as the internal markers indigestible dry matter (iDM), indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) and indigestible acid detergent fiber (iADF) in diets with inclusion of passion fruit by-product for dairy heifers on the estimation of fecal output and nutrient digestibility. Sixteen Holstein × Zebu crossbred heifers at an average live weight of 363 ± 28 kg were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design where they received diets in which Tifton 85 (Cynodon sp.) hay was replaced with passion fruit by-product (0, 12, 24 and 36%, as-fed basis). The CO, LIPE®, NANOLIPE® and iNDF markers did not differ from the total collection method (p > 0.05) in the estimation of fecal output and nutrient digestibility. The TD and iDM markers overestimated, while iADF underestimated fecal output. Under the presented conditions, we recommend using the CO, LIPE®, NANOLIPE® and iNDF markers to estimate fecal output and nutrient digestibility in diets with inclusion of passion fruit by-product for dairy heifers.
Morphogenic and structural characteristics of Panicum cultivars during the establishment period in the Brazilian Northeast
Authors: Costa Ana Beatriz  Graciano da , Difante Gelson dos Santos , Gurgel Antonio Leandro Chaves , Veras Emmanuel Lievio de Lima , Rodrigues Jéssica Gomes , Pereira Marislayne de Gusmão , Santos Anna Yanka de Oliveira , Emerenciano Neto João Virgínio , Montagner Denise Baptaglin
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the morphogenic and structural characteristics of six Panicum maximum cultivars during the establishment period. A completely randomized block design with four replicates and six treatments (Tamani, Mombaça, Massai, Tanzania, Aruana and Zuri cultivars) was used. Morphogenic (leaf appearance rate, leaf elongation rate e stem elongation rate), structural (final leaf length, tiller population density e number of leaves per tiller) and productive (forage mass, leaf blade mass, stem mass, senescent material mass and leaf:stem ratio) characteristics were evaluated. There was no difference (p > 0.05) between the cultivars in terms of the number of live leaves per tiller (2.95 leaves/tiller). Mombaça cultivar had (p < 0.05) higher canopy height (50.64 cm) compared with other cultivars. The highest (p < 0.05) tiller population density was observed in Tamani (235.90 tillers m-2) and Massai (201.60 tillers m-2) cultivars. Leaf lifespan (54.18 days), phyllochron (17.40 days/leaf) and leaf senescence rate (0.87 cm tiller day-1) were not different (p > 0.05) between cultivars. However, leaf appearance rate was higher (p < 0.05) in Tanzania (0.07 leaves tiller day-1) than in Aruana cultivar (0.05 leaves tiller day-1). Leaf blade mass was higher (p < 0.05) in Mombaça cultivar (1518.31 kg DM ha-1), whereas Massai showed higher (p < 0.05) leaf:stem ratio (9.25). Panicum cultivars Tamani, Tanzania and Massai establishment after 75 days, while the other cultivars establish at 105 days of sowing in the Brazilian Northeast.
Formação de sujeitos autores-cidadãos na cibercultura: um modo de resistir para re (existir)
Authors: Amaral Mirian Maia do , Santos Rosemary dos , Silva Alexsandra Barbosa da
Published: October 2020

Este artigo, inspirado em pesquisas realizadas pelas autoras, no curso de graduação em Educação numa universidade pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, traz reflexões acerca de das contribuições da Educação Online para a formação de sujeitos autores-cidadãos como forma de luta e resistência aos desafios globais e às turbulências locais, intensificadas com a implantação de um modelo de desenvolvimento alinhado às exigências do mercado, que acaba por instrumentalizar e enfraquecer o ensino público. Amparadas no paradigma da complexidade (Morin, 2014), as autoras tomam como referências a abordagem das ‘pesquisas com os cotidianos’ (Certeau, 2018; Alves, 2008), fundamentada nas práticas pedagógicas; a ‘multirreferencialidade’ (Macedo, 2012); e a ‘pesquisa-formação no contexto da cibercultura’ (Macedo, 2010; Santos, 2019). Atos de currículo engendrados, ao longo da pesquisa, apoiados em dispositivos diversos articulados ao Ambiente Online de Aprendizagem (Moodle) e à rede social Facebook, possibilitaram que práticas de letramento, envolvendo múltiplas linguagens, semioses e mídias, bem como a pluralidade e a diversidade cultural, fossem trabalhadas, de forma intensiva, deixando transparente as contribuições da educação online para o desenvolvimento do pensamento reflexivo-crítico na formação de sujeitos atores e autores, com vistas a uma educação autônoma e cidadã.
Tecnologias emergentes da indústria 4.0: considerações para o redimensionamento dos currículos de engenharia
Authors: Rosito Fernado Covolan , Soares Eliana Maria do Sacramento , Webber Carine Geltrudes
Published: October 2020

As tecnologias digitais estão cada vez mais inseridas no cotidiano das pessoas, trazendo modificações nas formas de ser e de estar na sociedade, em especial, fazendo surgir o conceito da indústria 4.0, que se apresenta como uma demanda real, nova e urgente. Diante dessa realidade, é importante que as instituições de ensino acompanhem a revolução tecnológica em curso. Esse fenômeno não é novo, outras revoluções industriais já ocorreram, e em cada uma delas surgiram implicações para os currículos dos cursos de formação na área da Engenharia, a fim de que eles pudessem formar sujeitos para atuar em coerência com as tecnologias industriais que se apresentavam. Isso requer que processos didáticos sejam redimensionados a fim de formar sujeitos aptos a lidarem com os desafios emergentes. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um estudo de cunho exploratório a cerca de como algumas das tecnologias industriais emergentes podem atuar como ponto de partida para o redimensionamento das práticas didáticas na formação em Engenharia. Partindo-se da identificação de alguns cenários de inserção das tecnologias na sala de aula, buscou-se sinalizar o percurso que precisamos percorrer, com o intuito de atendermos as demandas que a quarta revolução industrial nos apresenta. Inferimos que é preciso conhecer as operacionalidades dos recursos tecnológicos e computacionais para criar dinâmicas didáticas que utilizem o potencial desses recursos em prol do desenvolvimento da aprendizagem. Evidencia-se, como resultado preliminar deste trabalho, o papel do pensamento computacional e da transposição informática como elementos conceituais relevantes para a criação de dinâmicas pedagógicas para compor os currículos de Engenharia, no contexto tecnológico da indústria 4.0.
Memes sobre ciência e a reconfiguração da linguagem da divulgação científica na cibercultura
Authors: Oliveira Kaio Eduardo de Jesus , Porto Cristiane de Magalhães , Cardoso Junior Leonardo Fraga
Published: October 2020

Os memes na contemporaneidade tem assumido um papel importante como mais um dispositivo que ganha novas aplicabilidades e redimensionamentos na Cultura Digital. No que se refere à divulgação científica, estabelece uma produção de cenários distintos e novas maneiras de manifestação dessa forma de produção em rede. O texto analisa a produção e a reprodução de memes acerca da ciência sob a ótica de sua linguagem digital. Isso se dá a partir da construção de um modelo de comunicação que articula diferentes elementos morfológicos, sintáticos e semânticos em rede, como intertextualidade, humor e representação estética. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem exploratória em páginas do Facebook, buscando entender como a partir da produção dos memes cria-se, paralelamente, uma forma de comunicação científica, deslocando e propondo um lugar-outro de circulação de informação, de ideias e fatos científicos. Observa-se que o meme na ótica deste trabalho, articula a produção de uma divulgação científica, que não parte obrigatoriamente de um ‘lugar institucionalizado’, mas que se manifesta em meio a uma miríade de novas formas de popularização de conhecimentos científicos. Assim, fundamenta-se na ideia de uma maneira diferente de fazer divulgação sobre ciências que tem como panorama o uso de tecnologias digitais e capacidade de autoria dos usuários das redes na cultura digital.
O encontro com Bacon na composição do De ratione
Authors: Sanna Manuela
Published: October 2020

Este artigo analisa uma das mais importantes fontes de Vico, Francis Bacon, e as asserções teóricas que os aproximam. Memória e Engenho, medicina da alma e do corpo, método de estudos e poesia são temas importantes que aproximam ambos os filósofos, profundamente engajados no campo da teoria do conhecimento, em sintonia com o pensamento europeu.
Editorial
Authors: Santos Vladimir Chaves dos , Vicentini Max Rogerio , Sita Patrícia Coradim
Published: October 2020

Editorial do volume 42, número 02 de 2020.
Post-harvest quality of Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg. in function of storage temperature
Authors: Santos Marília Assis do , Costa Alan Carlos , Megguer Clarice Aparecida , Lima Júlien da Silva , Carvalho Yasmin Giovanna Santos , Rezende-Silva Sueisla Lopes , Batista Priscila Ferreira
Published: October 2020

Brazil has a large variety of native and exotic fruit species, including the gabiroba, which can be sources of income for the population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-harvest behavior of gabiroba fruit by maturity stage and storage temperature. The fruits were divided into two lots and stored at temperatures of 6, 12, 24 and 30°C. The first batch was used for the physical and chemical analysis of acidity, soluble solids, firmness, percentage of green color, and visual analysis; this batch was composed of green and yellow-green fruit. The second lot was intended for breath analysis, composed of green, yellow-green, and yellow fruits. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five replications. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Considering the evaluated characteristics, the gabiroba soluble solid/titratable acidity ratio values should be approximately 4.0 for the fruits to be considered acceptable for consumption. For the preservation of the post-harvest quality of gabiroba, it is indicated that the harvest is carried out at the green stage of maturation and that they are stored at a temperature of 6°C. The highest respiratory rates were observed in fruits harvested at the yellow stage, not being recommended its storage.
Performance of photovoltaic generators under superficial dust deposition on their modules derived from anthropogenic activities
Authors: Comerio Alessandra , Scarpart Thiago Tassinari , Krause Rafael Cabral Knaip , Fernandes Mariana Rampinelli , Muniz Pablo Rodrigues
Published: October 2020

Performance of photovoltaic generators is affected by, among other factors, surface dust deposition on photovoltaic modules, which causes uniform soft shading, reducing the solar radiation reaching photovoltaic cells. Several researches have demonstrated this effect through studies in specific localities. As deposition of particulate matter varies according to locality, these results cannot be generalized or used in other places, since these studies do not characterize their local dust. Considering these research opportunities, this paper evaluates the deposition effects on photovoltaic modules by different types of dust from anthropogenic activities recurrent in urban areas, a typical situation of distributed microgeneration. Particulate matter of iron ore, building construction, quarry, and mineral coal are characterized morphologically and dimensionally. Then, their effects on photovoltaic module performance are analyzed under different deposition densities according to typical urban deposition rates. The results show that the different dust materials studied attenuate the power generation capacity to different extents, and superficial dust density of the particulate matter also produces different effects. These results can be used in performance and economic feasibility analyzes of photovoltaic generators in different locations with similar pollution characteristics.
A Study on Reconciliation of Post-War Peacebuilding in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wakkumbura Menik , Wijegoonawardana Nirmali
Published: October 2020

Since the end of war in Sri Lanka in 2009, the landscape of the reconciliation process has come under critical debate. In response, the Sri Lankan government efforts in reconciliation and all other types of efforts are seemingly on increase for achieving peace. In this light, the paper critically examines both practice and theoretical development of how “justice” in the reconciliation can impact on “positive peace” as a greater peacebuilding effort evident to be useful in post-war Sri Lanka. It is debated how reconciliation experienced at all societal layers have considered “justice” as a prerequisite for successful outcomes. Therefore, given the empirical evidence, the paper has prioritized how social justice, removal of cultural barriers and consideration on a wider scope of human rights, regarded in “justice” become a core contributory factor of Sri Lanka`s reconciliation. And these attempts lead for structural changes using of different peacebuilding approaches i.e., “national” and “grassroots”. However, in Sri Lanka reconciliation has experienced a number of vital challenges. These challenges are the complex nature of the process, broken consensus on “justice” among people, politicized decision-making, policy gaps and many more. While investigating important empirical findings about the reconciliation process in Sri Lanka, the paper critically examines the use of different reconciliation approaches and how far “justice” has been criticized within the implementation. The study has utilized content analysis and a descriptive narrative to examine the research problem. The discussion arrives at a conclusion of using of both national and grassroots peacebuilding approaches and serious emphasis on “justice” would let reconciliation to be closer in achieving “positive peace”. The discussion also reveals the complexities of such achievements unless addressed on “trap” conditions i.e., lack of economic reconstruction, social and emotional competencies, trust, healing and forgiveness.
Regulatory efficiency and Free Trade in SAARC: Implications on impacts of OBOR on SAARC Trade
Authors: Ranasinghe Kasuni , Dunusinghe Priyanga , Ranasinghe Athula
Published: October 2020

Transportation is a strong factor in terms of economic development. As well as also having a great influence on regional integration. South Asia has a rich history of trade through sea. Thus ports constitute important economic activities in the region. This paper mainly exposes the role of the efficiency of harbors in trade performances. An extended version of gravity model is used to analyze the correlation of transport infrastructure and exports of South Asia. For the purpose of analysis in this paper, all eight South Asian countries are identified as exporters and selected 25 countries as the partnering countries. Estimated results show that the distance between two countries has negative impact on trade. Country size measured in terms of GDP has positive effect on trade. It is also observed that the compliance time in both reporting country as well as the partner country has a significant influence on trade. Higher compliance time discourages trade. Based on this finding, this study explores the impacts of OBOR on SAARC trade. It is anticipated that the OBOR expands trade through its impact on reducing compliance time.
Legitimate Social Change and Metaphysical Nonviolence
Authors: Wijegoonawardana N.
Published: October 2020

This paper deals with metaphysical nonviolence foundation, as a necessary support for more effective social change. First, this paper intends to elucidate how Mahatma Gandhi’s metaphysics of nonviolence influenced and contributed to the development of 21st century legitimate social change. Gandhi`s metaphysics is understood as a maximal and universal rejection of violence and war. His influence on Western thought is most often represented. Recent history suggests that use of nonviolence as a strategy has the power to even overthrow dictators. Gandhi’s influence in terms of political strategies that do not need a metaphysical or religious foundation, portray how pacifism can be exercised in even the most culturally restricted contexts. Furthermore, an examination of Gandhi’s metaphysical foundation through his nonviolent philosophy and practice illuminates striking links with the modern theories of revolutions. The methodology will mainly be based on archival research and follow a narrative analysis form. Hence this paper will argue that the use of metaphysics of nonviolence can achieve legitimate social change through pacifism in the 21st century.
The Emotional Intelligence and Success of Women Entrepreneurs in the Beauty Salon Industry in Sri Lanka: A study of Colombo District
Authors: Senathiraja R. , Buddhadasa Sarath , Gunasekera Anushka
Published: October 2020

It was observed that a higher percentage of women lead enterprises in hair and beauty salon industry in Sri Lanka. Though this industry is growing at a remarkable rate within the last few years, very few studies focused on the link of Emotional Intelligent (EI) to the success of women enterprises. The purpose of the study is to understand the level EI and its relationship to the Enterprise success of women in the hair and beauty salon industry. It also evaluates how managerial skill, socio-cultural context, education age and location play on the success of women enterprises in the industry. The deductive method was adopted, and a sample of 100 women entrepreneurs surveyed by using a structured questionnaire. The findings confirm that there is a higher level of EI in women entrepreneurs lead to the success of their business. At the same time, age and business location and socio-cultural context have a significant impact on their achievements. The study suggested using much of self-management, social awareness and relationship management to develop women into next pedestal of entrepreneurship and also it insists government authorities work toward the country’s economic development through focusing in introducing educational programs to improve emotional intelligence in women, during the general education as well as in professional learning.
Distinguishing Features of High- and Low-Dose Vaccine against Ocular HSV-1 Infection Correlates with Recognition of Specific HSV-1–Encoded Proteins
Authors: Carr Daniel J J , Gmyrek Grzegorz B , Filiberti Adrian , Berube Amanda N , Browne William P , Gudgel Brett M , Sjoelund Virginie H
Published: October 2020

The protective efficacy of a live-attenuated HSV type 1 (HSV-1) vaccine, HSV-1 0∆ nuclear location signal (NLS), was evaluated in mice prophylactically in response to ocular HSV-1 challenge. Mice vaccinated with the HSV-1 0∆NLS were found to be more resistant to subsequent ocular virus challenge in terms of viral shedding, spread, the inflammatory response, and ocular pathology in a dose-dependent fashion. Specifically, a strong neutralizing Ab profile associated with low virus titers recovered from the cornea and trigeminal ganglia was observed in vaccinated mice in a dose-dependent fashion with doses ranging from 1 × 103 to 1 × 105 PFU HSV-1 0∆NLS. This correlation also existed in terms of viral latency in the trigeminal ganglia, corneal neovascularization, and leukocyte infiltration and expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in infected tissue with the higher doses (1 × 104–1 × 105 PFU) of the HSV-1 0∆NLS–vaccinated mice, displaying reduced viral latency, ocular pathology, or inflammation in comparison with the lowest dose (1 × 103 PFU) or vehicle vaccine employed. Fifteen HSV-1–encoded proteins were uniquely recognized by antisera from high-dose (1 × 105 PFU)–vaccinated mice in comparison with low-dose (1 × 103 PFU)– or vehicle-vaccinated animals. Passive immunization using high-dose–vaccinated, but not low-dose–vaccinated, mouse sera showed significant efficacy against ocular pathology in HSV-1–challenged animals. In summary, we have identified the minimal protective dose of HSV-1 0∆NLS vaccine in mice to prevent HSV-mediated disease and identified candidate proteins that may be useful in the development of a noninfectious prophylactic vaccine against the insidious HSV-1 pathogen.
Bronchiolitis clinical practice guidelines implementation: surveillance study of hospitalized children in Jordan
Authors: Awad Samah , Hatim Rawan , Khader Yousef , Alyahya Mohammad , Harik Nada , Rawashdeh Ahmad , Qudah Walaa , Khasawneh Ruba , Hyajneh Wail , Yusef Dawood
Published: October 2020

Background: Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of hospital admissions and death in young children. Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) to diagnose and manage bronchiolitis have helped healthcare providers to avoid unnecessary investigations and interventions and to provide evidence-based treatment. Aim of this study is to determine the effect of implementing CPG for the diagnosis and management of bronchiolitis in a tertiary hospital in Jordan. Methods: The study compared children (age <24 months) diagnosed with bronchiolitis and who required admission to King Abdullah University Hospital in Irbid during the winter of 2017 (after CPG implementation) and age-matched children admitted in the winter of 2016. The proportion of patients receiving diagnostic tests and treatments in the two groups were compared.Results: Eighty-eight and 91 patients were diagnosed with bronchiolitis before and after CPG implementation, respectively. Respiratory syncytial virus rapid antigen detection testing decreased after CPG implementation [n=64 (72.7%) vs n=46 (50.5%), p=0.002]. However, there was no significant change in terms of other diagnostic tests. The use of nebulized salbutamol [n=44 (50%) vs n=29 (31.9%), p=0.01], hypertonic saline [n=39 (44.3%) vs n=8 (8.8%), p<0.001], and inappropriate antibiotics [n=31 (35.2%) vs n=15 (16.5%), p=0.004] decreased after CPG implementation. There was no difference in mean LOS (standard deviation; SD) between the pre- and post-CPG groups [3.5 (2) vs 4 (3.4) days, p=0.19]. The mean cost of stay (SD) was 449.4 (329.1) US dollars for pre-CPG compared to 507.3 (286.1) US dollars for the post-CPG group (p=0.24).Conclusion: We observed that the implementation of CPG for bronchiolitis diagnosis and management helped change physicians’ behavior toward evidence-based practices. However, adherence to guidelines must be emphasized to improve practices in developing countries, focusing on the rational use of diagnostic testing, and avoiding use of unnecessary medications when managing children with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis.
A practical theology of liberation: Mimetic theory, liberation theology and practical theology
Authors: Aguilar Ramírez Joel D. , De Beer Stephan
Published: October 2020

In this article, the authors bring two personal journeys together: one author’s liberationist journey, sparked by a search for justice and liberation in the slums of Guatemala City, and the other’s lifelong commitment to practical theology and spatial justice in South Africa. A practical theology of liberation is the result of life experiences in countries of the Global South amidst the search for justice and liberation. The worlds that come together in this article are René Girard’s mimetic theory, liberation theology and practical theology. This article raises the question of the cross-contextuality of practical theology and the theological application of mimetic theory to develop innovative theological methodologies that respond to the collective woundedness of the urban context in the Global South.Contribution: The main contribution of this article is the use of three seemingly different theological approaches in conjunction. This article opens the door to inform practical theology with René Girard’s mimetic theory and liberation theology.
Is guideline-driven prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism common practice in the South African private hospital setting?
Authors: Van der Merwe Melissa , Julyan Marlene , Du Plessis Jesslee M.
Published: October 2020

Background: Prophylactic venous thromboembolism (VTE) strategies have the greatest impact on patient outcomes. Both global and local guidelines support VTE prophylaxis for hospitalised patients. However, studies have reported that these measures are routinely under-prescribed. This study evaluated prescribing patterns of VTE prophylaxis in one of the largest South African (SA) private hospital groups.Methods: A quantitative, retrospective analysis of the hospital group’s patient database was conducted for patients admitted between 01 September 2015 and 31 August 2016. Those younger than 18 years with trauma or suffering from contraindications to anticoagulation were excluded. Additionally, patients with warfarin billed were also excluded as they possibly required therapeutic anticoagulation. Included prophylactic measures were compared with published SA guidelines by abstracting prophylaxis type and dosing, according to corresponding individual patients’ VTE risk ratings.Results: Amongst the 373 020 patients included as the study population, 77% required prophylaxis. Of these, 38.36% (n = 85 486) received guideline-appropriate prophylactic measures during their hospital stay. Patients in whom prophylaxis was indicated, only 24.56% (n = 42 715) complied with the SA guidelines. The most commonly used prophylactic measures were enoxaparin (89.09%) and fondaparinux (2.68%). Prophylactic measures differed per speciality, with the most compliant amongst intensivists. A low uptake of the risk assessment model use (n = 222 860, 59.75%) was, however, reported for this data set.Conclusion: Less than 24.56% of patients who required prophylaxis received guideline-appropriate interventions. Further studies should focus on understanding differences in practice and improving acceptance and application of guideline-driven care.
Vancomycin intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the nasal cavity of asymptomatic individuals: a potential public health challenge
Authors: Adeoye-Isijola Morenike , Olajuyigbe Olufunmiso , Adebola Kehinde , Coopoosamy Roger , Afolayan Anthony
Published: October 2020

Background: The potential of transmitting multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus from asymptomatic individuals to healthy individuals could constitute a great challenge to antimicrobial therapy.

Methods: The antibiograms of the S. aureus from asymptomatic individuals were determined by disk diffusion and agar dilution assay techniques with different antibiotics and vancomycin.

Results: Of the 152 S. aureus isolated, (59)38.8% isolates were multi-drug resistant strains. Streptomycin was the most effective and inhibited (135)88.82% of the isolates while ceftazidime inhibited (24)15.8% of the isolates. While (82)54.0% of the isolates inhibited by cefuroxime had resistant colonies within their inhibition zones (Rc) and ofloxacin inhibited (100)65.8% of the isolates without having resistant colonies within the inhibition zones, ceftazidime inhibited (7)4.6% of the isolates with resistant colonies within the inhibition zones. Subjecting the isolates to vancomycin showed that (27)17.8% were resistant to 2 µg/ml, (43)28.3% were resistant to 4 µg/ml and (27)17.8% of the isolates were simultaneously resistant to both concentrations of vancomycin. Although (100)65.8% of the isolates had MARindex ≥0.2, (52)34.2% of the isolates had MARindex ≤ 0.2 and (65)428% of the isolates were considered multidrug resistant strains.

Conclusion: The isolation of multi-drug and vancomycin intermediate resistant strains of S. aureus in high percentage, in this study, presents a great threat to clinicians and general populace. The vancomycin intermediate resistant S. aureus (VISA) in asymptomatic individuals could be a critical concern to the therapeutic dilemma to be added to the presence of multi-drug resistance. A more sustainable therapy must be in place to prevent its dissemination or the outbreak of its infection.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; multidrug resistance; VRSA; VISA; vancomycin
Unnecessary antimicrobial prescribing for upper respiratory tract infections in children in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Authors: John Mathibe Lehlohonolo , Perseverance Zwane Nonhle
Published: October 2020

Background: Acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are contagious diseases of the upper airways, but they are self-limiting in nature. Therefore, antimicrobial-use for the majority of the URTIs is considered inappropriate. Unfortu- nately, globally, antimicrobials are still being prescribed for the treatment of URTIs, especially in children. However, there is insufficient evidence on the causes of this phenomenon in South Africa.

Objective: To investigate whether the parents/guardians accompanying children with URTIs expected/influenced physi- cians and/or nurses to prescribe antibiotics.

Methods: This was a prospective descriptive and explorative questionnaire-based study. Participants were guardians who accompanied children aged five years and below, diagnosed with acute URTIs.

Findings: Three hundred and six parents/guardians participated in this study. Seventy six percent (n=233) of participants received antibiotics for URTIs for their children, and 67% (n=156) of these did not make requests for antimicrobial therapy. On overall, there was a statistically significant (p < 0.0001) chance (with OR of 5.9; 95% CI, 2.4 – 14.2) for receiving antibi- otics for URTIs without a request.

Conclusion: Physicians and other healthcare providers need education on rational prescribing of antimicrobials, and to implement evidence-based standard treatment guidelines, to reduce inappropriate use of antibiotics in children with self-lim- iting URTIs.

Keywords: Antibiotics; antimicrobials; prescribing; upper respiratory tract infections; children.
Type of anaesthesia for caesarean section and failure rate in Princess Marina Hospital, Botswana’s largest referral hospital
Authors: W Kassa Mamo , J Mkubwa Jack , Z Shifa Jemal , B Agizew Tefera
Published: October 2020

Background: Caesarean Section (CS) is a mode of delivery to decrease maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. We aimed to determine the type of anaesthesia used for CS among live-birth deliveries; and the failure rate of spinal anaesthesia (SA) in Princess Marina Referral Hospital, Botswana.

Methods: Women who underwent CS from May-December 2017 were enrolled in the study. Data were recorded from anaesthesia charts and abstracted using Excel spreadsheet. We established the type of anaesthesia used, comparing the rate of elective versus emergency indications, and failure rate of SA using STATA. Fisher’s exact test used to compare results.

Results: Among 2775 live-birth deliveries, 30.2% (837/2775) was by CS. Of those, 95.2% (797/837) had had SA and 4.8% (40/837) were GA. Under SA, 27.4% (218/797) were elective, and 72.6% (579/797) were emergency. Under GA 10% (4/40) were elective and 90.0% (36/40) were emergency. The overall failure rate of SA was 2% (16/813), that is 0.9% (2/220) for elective and 2.4% (14/593) among emergency indications; Fisher’s exact test p = 0.2959.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that single shot SA is the most commonly preferred type of anaesthesia for both elective and emergency CS. The overall failure rate of SA was less common in our settings than previously reported.

Keywords: Caesarean section; types of anaesthesia; spinal failure.
Prostate hyperplasia in St Mary’s Hospital Lacor: utility of prostate specific antigen in screening for prostate malignancy
Authors: Okidi Ronald , Opira Cyprian , Da Consolação Sambo Vanusa , Achola Caroline , Martin Ogwang David
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second commonest cancer in men worldwide. At present, every patient with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in St. Mary’s Hospital Lacor is undergoing prostate biopsy regardless of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. We sought to determine the association between PSA and malignant prostate histology.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. Data on age, PSA, prostate volume and prostate histology reported between Jan 2012 and Dec 2019 were retrieved from St. Mary’s Hospital Lacor archive and analyzed using STATA SE/13.0.

Results: Records of 97 patients with LUTS was analyzed. The median (range) age of the patients was 71 (43-100) years. Median (range) of prostate volume was 91.8 (8.0-360.0) cc. Overall, PSA ranged from 0.21 to 399.2 ng/ml. Prostate histology showed 3.1% acinar adenocarcinoma, 24.7% adenocarcinoma and 72.2% benign prostatic hyperplasia. The median PSA amongst pa- tients with malignant and non-malignant prostates were 15.8 ng/ml and 6.07 ng/ml respectively. Serum PSA level was signifi- cantly higher in patients with malignant prostate histology (Difference of mean= 9.7; p=0.001).

Conclusion: Patients with LUTS and PSA levels of 15ng/ml or more were more likely to have malignant prostate histology.

Keywords: Prostate specific antigen; Prostate cancer.
Detection of miR-1246, miR-23a and miR-451 in sera of colorectal carcinoma patients: a case-control study in Cairo University hospital
Authors: Salah Mona , Shaheen Iman , El-Shanawany Pakinam , Eid Saad Nagwa , Saad Rasha , El Guibaly Mahmoud , Momen Nouran
Published: October 2020

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has high morbidity and mortality rates. Invasive techniques and other laboratory tests with variable sensitivity and specificity are currently used in diagnosis. Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) have bio vital roles in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Dys-regulation of miRNAs is linked to tumour genesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of serum non-invasive biomarkers (micro-RNAs), miR-1246, miR-23a, and miR-451in CRC patients.

Methods: Peripheral expression of three miRNAs (miR-1246, miR-23a and miR-451) was investigated in sera of 37 CRC Egyptian patients and 30 healthy controls, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction trying to reach the optimal non-invasive combination of miRNAs.

Results: Serum miR-1246 was up-regulated in sera of CRC patients compared to normal controls (fold change = 3.55; P< 0.001) and showed 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity in diagnosis of CRC. Serum miR-451 was significantly down-reg- ulated in CRC patients (fold change = -4.86; p= 0.014), whereas, miR-23a was down-regulated but this was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Up-regulation of miR-1246 and down-regulation of miR-451 in the sera of primary CRC Egyptian patients were confirmed with high sensitivity and specificity. Large-scale studies on a wider spectrum of miRNAs in Egyptian CRC patients are needed.

Keywords: miR-1246; miR-451; miR-23a.
Research of anti-GAD and anti-IA2 autoantibodies by ELISA test in a series of Moroccan pediatric patients with diabetes type 1
Authors: Belhiba O , Aadam Z , Jeddane L , Saile R , Salih ALJ H , Bousfiha AA , Jennane F
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Type I diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with a prediabetic, asymptomatic period characterized by the selective destruction of insulin-producing β cells. During the pre-clinical phase, various auto-antibodies are generated against several beta cell antigens such as anti glutamate acid decarboxylase (Anti-GAD), anti tyrosine phosphatase (Anti-IA2). Today, the coupled detection of Anti-IA2 with that of Anti-GAD proves its great importance in the diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes. The combined positivity for both antibodies has a specificity and a positive predictive value of 100%.

Objectives: In this work, we evaluate the diagnostic value of anti-GAD and anti-IA2 antibodies in a series based on 78 Moroccan subjects initially under 16, suspected T1D.

Results and Discussion: Our series consists mainly of 74% of newly diagnosed patients for T1D and 26% of confirmed diagnostic patients, of whom 52% are females. The mean age of diagnosis is 7 ± 4 years, the mean of HbA1c at the time of diagnosis is 11.63 ± 2.16%, and the percentage of family history in our series is 69%. The proportion of positive results for anti-IA2 antibodies and anti-GAD antibodies are, respectively, 76.92% and 62.82%, and 52.56% of patients are positive for both auto-antibodies. This study confirms that anti-GAD and anti-IA2 auto-antibodies assays can detect patients early and the autoantibodies can persist several years after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.

Conclusion: This study confirmed the diagnosis and classification of T1D (type 1A) in 87.18% of patients, and we reported that the prevalence of anti-GAD and anti-IA2 is higher in girls than in boys.

Keywords: Type 1 diabetes; autoimmunity; autoantibodies; anti-GAD; anti-IA2; ELISA; classification.