bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDEPENDENCE OF HEALTHY AND OFTEN AILING CHILDREN OF OLDER PRESCHOOL AGE
Authors: Улыбина Екатерина Владимировна , Вербианова Ольга Михайловна , Груздева Ольга Васильевна
Published: April 2021

Представлен анализ проблемы развития самостоятельности в старшем дошкольном возрасте. Обоснована актуальность целенаправленной психолого-педагогической работы с часто болеющими детьми и их семьями. Приводятся результаты диагностики самостоятельности 73 здоровых и 73 часто болеющих детей 5–7 лет, проведен сравнительный анализ полученных данных. Сделан вывод, что средние значения числовых выражений развития самостоятельности выше в группе здоровых детей по сравнению с группой часто болеющих детей. Изучение достоверности различий фактического материала в различных возрастных группах (дети 5–6 и 6–7 лет) показало, что с возрастом развитие самостоятельности часто болеющих детей начинает существенно отставать от развития изучаемого показателя у здоровых детей. Выделены детерминанты развития самостоятельности часто болеющих детей: недостаточность профессионального управления развитием самостоятельности в дошкольном образовательном учреждении и стихийность воспитания самостоятельности детей в семье. Сформулированы направления оказания поддержки детям и родителям в вопросах развития самостоятельности часто болеющих старших дошкольников.

The analysis of the problem of development of independence in senior preschool age is presented. The urgency of purposeful psychological and pedagogical work with often ailing children and their families has been substantiated. The results of diagnostics of independence of 73 healthy and 73 often ailing children 5–7 years old are presented, a comparative analysis of the data obtained was carried out. Statistical analysis of the results obtained allows us to conclude that the average values of the numerical expressions of the development of independence are higher in the group of healthy children compared to the group of frequently ill children. The study of the reliability of differences in factual material in different age groups: children 5–6 years old and 6–7 years old showed that, with age, the development of independence of frequently ill children begins to lag significantly behind the development of the studied indicator in healthy children. Distinguish the determinants of the development of independence of often ailing children: insufficiency of professional development of independence in preschool education and spontaneity of raising children’s independence in the family. The directions of providing support to children and parents in the development of independence of often ailing children 5–7 years old are formulated.
PECULIARITIES OF VOCATIONAL ORIENTATION OF YOUNGER STUDENTS
Authors: Кривоусова Вероника Викторовна , Вахитова Галия Хамитовна
Published: April 2021

Рассматриваются проблемы профессиональной ориентации детей младшего школьного возраста. Подчеркивается необходимость обращения внимания на смысловые дефиниции для более точного определения проблемного поля исследования. Представлены результаты изучения уровня знаний о профессиях обучающихся начальной школы г. Санкт-Петербурга. Определено, что смысловое содержание понятия «профессия» для обучающихся является абстрактным, также установлена недостаточная информированность детей в целом о мире профессий. Для получения достоверных сведений сопоставляются результирующие данные ответов детей и их родителей. Сделан вывод о том, что участникам эксперимента сложно представить себя в профессиональном будущем. Акцентируется внимание на необходимости улучшения работы по формированию знаний о профессиях младших школьников через реализацию соответствующей программы.

The problems of professional orientation of children of primary school age are considered. For the introduction to the course of the studied problems, various views and approaches to the definition of the concept of “career guidance” and its components are described. The results of studying the level of knowledge about the professions of primary school students in St. Petersburg are presented. It is determined that the semantic content of the concept of “profession” for students is abstract and unclear, and also the lack of awareness of children in general about the world of professions is established. To obtain reliable and complete information, the results of the responses to the questionnaires of primary school students and their parents are compared. Based on the obtained research data, it is concluded that it is difficult for the participants of the experiment – younger schoolchildren to imagine themselves in the professional future. Attention is focused on the need to improve and systematize the work on the formation of complete knowledge of primary school students about professions through the implementation of an appropriate program in the course of primary school education. This program, based on the full interaction of adults and children, is focused not only on expanding children’s knowledge about the world of professions, but also fully taking into account their motives and interests, which ultimately can affect the quality of the educational process.
CROSS APPLICATION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI RAW SECONDARY METABOLITES FOR CONTROLLING FUSARIUM WILT OF CHILI SEEDLINGS
Authors: Soesanto Loekas , Sari Lintang Yunita , Mugiastuti Endang , Manan Abdul
Published: April 2021

The research aimed to determine the effect of entomopathogenic fungi raw secondary metabolites on fusarium wilt on chili plants and on growth of chili. In vitro test used a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 5 replicate and in planta using a Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and 5 replicatie including control, secondary metabolites of Beauveria bassiana B10, B. bassiana B16, Metarhizium anisopliae M16, dan Lecanicillium lecanii L16. Variables observed included inhibition ability, incubation period, desease intensity, plant height, root length, and phenolic compounds (tannins, saponin, and hydroquinone) content qualitatively. The results showed that secondary metabolites of B. bassiana B10, B. bassiana B16, M. anisopliae M16, and L. lecanii L16 were able to inhibit growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici by 50.62; 50,64; 48,62; 56.62%, respectively, extend incubation periods of 71.05; 73,38; 64.89; and 68.57%, respectively, suppress disease intensity by 99.99; 99.99; 99.99; and 99.99%, respectively, can increase plant height by 15.22; 18.8; 21.14; 21.69%, respectively, increasing the root length by 22.61; 25,71; 26,34; 33.50%, respectively, and can increase the content of tannins, saponins and hydroquinone compounds qualitatively compared to controls. The secondary metabolites of enthomopathogenic fungi could be used as organic control for soilborne pathogenic fungi.
Development of Service Quality Scale in Higher Education: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Çınkır Şakir , Yıldız Sevgi , Kurum Gül
Published: April 2021

Students have become highly critical and analytical in selecting the higher education institution they would like to study at. It has become important for higher education institutions to be preferred by such prospective students as well as ensuring the commitment and retention of their current students. Universities, as the most important representatives of higher education institutions, are evaluated directly and indirectly by their stakeholders regarding the quality of the services they provide. Service quality and satisfaction surveys based on these evaluations can have a wide variety of implications on institutional rankings, preferability, financial policies, etc. This study aims to develop a scale specific to Turkish Higher Education Institutions to determine the quality of services offered in higher education according to the satisfaction perceptions of undergraduate students. Accordingly, the first draft of a 53-item seven-dimensional five-point Likert type scale was created. The piloting version of the scale was applied to a total of 500 undergraduate students, of whom 346 were female and 149 male, who were continuing their studies in 15 faculties of a public university in Turkey. Further, particular care was taken to include students who were in their second year or higher seniority at the university so that they would have had sufficient time to benefit from the services offered. A 29-item structure with three sub-dimensions was revealed as a result of the exploratory factor analysis performed. The sub-dimensions were named as "Academic services", "Administrative services", and "Campus facilities". The findings of the confirmatory factor analysis conducted on 1782 participants support the structure validity of the scale. Based on the findings, the Service Quality in Higher Education Scale has been determined to be a highly reliable and valid scale that can be used to specifically measure the quality of services offered in higher education.
Do Admission Requirements Matter? A Comparison of the Requirements for Admission to the ELT programs in the Netherlands and Turkey
Authors: Asmalı Mehmet , Çelik Handan
Published: April 2021

Qualifications of language teachers affect their students' language development and proficiency. Turkish learners' low performance in international English proficiency indices requires an investigation of the qualifications of language teachers from a critical point of view. Without doubt, one of the crucial qualifications that language teachers need to possess is a high proficiency and competency in the target language. However, graduating from different programs in high schools, students are placed in English language teaching (ELT) programs with limited English proficiency. Considering the success of the Netherlands as the top country in international English proficiency indices, this study aims to find the admission requirements of the ELT programs in the Netherlands, to compare them with the ones in Turkey, and to suggest comprehensive admission requirements for ELT programs in Turkey. In this regard, a document analysis merging a detailed analysis of information regarding the admission requirements of the ELT programs in both countries and national and international statistics was conducted. Consequently, some recommendations regarding the likely changes to be made in the admission requirements to the ELT programs in Turkey are made.
Taivutuksesta ja väännöstä, osa II: Elementtimenetelmä
Authors: Aalto Jukka Matti
Published: April 2021

Artikkelin ensimmäisessä osassa [1] johdettiin kuormituksen alaiselle suoralle pal­kil­le yhdistetty taivutus- ja vääntöteoria. Se perustui neljää käyristymisfunktiota käyttäen muo­dos­­tettuun yksinkertaiseen siirtymäotaksumaan. Tässä artikkelin toisessa osassa esitellään, kuin­ka tätä teoriaa voidaan soveltaa käytännön tehtäviin elementtimenetelmän tekniikoita hyväksi käyt­­täen. Tehtävä voidaan jakaa seuraaviin osiin: 1) käyristymisfunktioiden määrittä-minen, 2) poik­ki­leikkaussuureiden määrittäminen, 3) palkkitehtävän ratkaiseminen ja 4) poikki-leikkauksen jän­ni­tysjakauman määrittäminen. Lopuksi esitetään laskentaesimerkki.
The legal status of the youth election commission in the Russian Federation
Authors: Starodumova Svetlana Jurievna , Sitdikova Lubov Borisovna
Published: April 2021

The article describes the Union of Youth Election Commissions of the Russian Federation and gives recommendations on improving the work of the youth election commission to improve the legal culture of the young future voters and the formation of conscious interest of young citizens of Russia to suffrage and the election process. The conclusion is made that to control the work of the youth election commission, it is necessary to enter the field in the registration form of the participant of the election process, in which it will be indicated that the agitation work was or was not carried out with the given citizen and in what way. This will allow putting forward specific requirements for the activities of youth election commissions, monitoring their implementation by the Central Election Commission, as well as bringing the existing provisions of youth election commissions in the regions to a unified form.
Innovative policy management of COVID-19 epidemic prevention in China
Authors: Dyakonova M. A. , Man Xu
Published: April 2021

The United Nations, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the international community have, at the expert level, praised the effective measures taken by China’s leadership to prevent the COVID-19 epidemic.Based on the official information, the authors summarize the experience of innovative management, generalize the existing problems, and propose recommendations for the prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic.We hope that the results of the study will help to consolidate experiences and draw lessons from the epidemic situation and to promote public health.
DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE CORONOVIRUS PANDEMIC
Authors: Prudnikov Igor A. , Rotary A. M.
Published: April 2021

The events that took place in 2020 in terms of the epidemiological component in the world entailed global changes in almost all sectors of the economy. The state in which the whole world is today, as well as business, receives new requirements for the health care system, education, economy, law, transport and so on.

Today it has become clear that the usual business processes have changed and will no longer be the same, moreover, they will change faster than before. Companies have become even more closely monitoring modern trends and began to adapt to current consumer preferences, thus they will be able not only to maintain their position in the market, but also to increase their customer base.
Role of regions in the economical development of the country
on the example of small cities
Authors: Khassenova K. E. , Parimbekova L. Z. , Ibraeva Aliya K.
Published: April 2021

This article describes the role of regions in the economy is determined by objective preconditions for regional studies, disclosed the subject of the research "regional economy", described the location of the course "regional economy" in the scientific acceptance of the link between other economic disciplines, articulated the role of regions in economic development of the country.
Innovation in Information Technology in PRC
Authors: Sharipov Fanis Falihovich , Zhu Zhu
Published: April 2021

The study is a continuation of the search for opportunities for the development of Russian-Chinese cooperation, including in the border area. One of the key drivers of development is e-commerce. How does China plan to become a global leader in science and technology innovation in the economy? Creation of a new type of infrastructure, increasing the quantity and quality of R&D through public and private funding, analysis of the results of this work, the prospects for a full socio-economic ecosystem in the field of information technology are the subject of this study.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ESSENCE OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE CENTRAL BANK AND COMMERCIAL BANKS
Authors: Kopnova Yulia S.
Published: April 2021

In this article discusses the main functions of Central Banks, especially the functions of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and its activities in relation to commercial banks. The statistics on non-cash payments in Russia and their structure are also given. Statistical data on liquidated credit institutions were reviewed.
Assessment of Affective Domain by Open Ended Laboratory Approach in Structural and Material Laboratory Course
Authors: Saiful Jumali  , Siti Shahidah Sharipudin  , Herda Balqis Ismail  , Mohd Johan Mohamed Ibrahim  , Mohd Amran Hasbullah
Published: April 2021

The objective of this study is to improve the development of affective domain among students with the introduction of the Open-Ended Laboratory (OEL). This enables students to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data in a groups. By conducting the laboratory exercises in a group, students shall develop the ability to function effectively as a leader, as well as an effective team member. The present paper describes the assessment of the affective domain in OEL of Structural and Material Laboratory course for Diploma Program. This study involved a group of second-year students of Diploma of Civil Engineering for March-July 2019 semester who enrolled in the Structural and Material Laboratory course. There were ten groups involvesd in this study with the total number of 233 students; 98 male and 135 female.The attainment of affective domains among students in the evaluation rubrics was investigated in discovering the effectiveness of the course assessment. Not many differences in affective domain attainment between genders are reported; females shows better performance in punctuality and discipline attributes as compared to males. The outcome of this study is to observe that the OEL approach creates positive impacts in developing student generic skills such as leadership, communication, and teamwork. This attribute is expected by the industry, thus this also contributes to the overall students’ learning experience.
Postgraduates’ Perceptions in Completion of Their Study
Authors: Teoh Sian Hoon  , Geethanjali Narayanan  , Raja Normi Raja Mohamad  , Gurnam Kaur Sidhu
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the postgraduate students’ perceptions towards their experiences of completion of their studies. The population of this study consisted of postgraduate students in a public university in Selangor. The sample comprised 104 randomly selected postgraduate students from the university. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was administered to the samples. The questionnaire consisted of four domains, namely student factor, supervisor factor, institutional factor and challenges faced by the students. This study discovered that (1) the postgraduate students perceived supervisors as a determinant factor that contributes toward conducting research. (2) they perceived their academic competencies in research writing as moderate and (3) the supervisor factor has a significant and inverse relationship on challenges faced by the postgraduate students, i.e. the efforts and competencies of supervisors reduced challenges of the postgraduate students to complete their research. Based on the findings, it was suggested that higher learning institutions should highlight on the construction of knowledge through active interaction between lecturers and students. This type of assistance has become a platform for the students to cope up with the learning challenges they were facing in higher education.
Sustainable Quality of Life Criteria for Ledang National Park Community: Fuzzy Approach
Authors: Zamali Tarmudi  , Shamsatun Nahar Ahmad  , Nurul ‘Aini Harun  , Nor Siti Khadijah Arunah
Published: April 2021

Recently, there is a rising concern among researchers regarding the issue of sustainable criteria for quality of life (QoL). As it gains more interest, the issue becomes highly debated worldwide especially with regards to the national park community area. The aim of this study is to assess the identified sustainable criteria for QoL, particularly for the surrounding community of Ledang National Park (LNP) using the fuzzy Analytical Network Process (ANP). The fuzzy ANP was employed based on graded mean integration of representation and canonical representation of multiple operations to derive both local and global weights. To show the feasibility of the proposed method, three decision makers (DMs) were identified from the relevant agencies to assess three main criteria using linguistic evaluation via pairwise comparison process. In addition, nine sub-criteria were also investigated and analysed thoroughly using six steps of the fuzzy ANP towards achieving the sustainable criteria for QoL assessment. Based on the numerical analysis, it was found that the sub-criterion health(c32) has the highest global weight with a score of 0.184, which indicates that this sub-criterion is the biggest contributor to achieve the sustainability of QoL. The results also revealed the overall total score of 73.14%, thus placing LNP in the ‘moderately sustainable’ category. In the future, the entire investigated sub-criteria are suggested to be maintained and used to measure the sustainability of QoL. The findings from this study can be used to guide and assist the relevant authorities for future development planning in studied areas.
The Antecedents of Digital Marketing Application by Malaysian Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
Authors: Nor Khasimah Aliman  , Zailin Zainal Ariffin  , Paiz Hassan  , Norazmi Anas
Published: April 2021

This research focuses primarily on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Malaysia, with special reference to Perak State. It is widely recognised that the adoption and use of digital marketing applications change the ways in which organizations conduct their activities and represent a critical business opportunity for MSMEs. This opportunity will only be realised by MSMEs if, and when, digital marketing is applied to their organizations. This, therefore, creates a requirement to understand the factors that influence MSMEs in making the adoption decision. The research related to such factors is scarce, not least because the technologies are relatively new. By using the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, this study, therefore, attempted to understand the predictors/factors influencing the decision making by MSMEs to adopt digital marketing applications. It employed a quantitative approach to meet the research objectives. A survey involving 369 MSMEs in Perak State was conducted to examine empirically the preliminary model. The survey data were analysed using Logistic Regression (LR) technique. Of the factors examined, technological and organizational contexts were found to have a significant influence on MSMEs’ decisions to adopt digital marketing applications. These findings have important implications and value for the research community, MSMEs and policymakers in terms of formulating improved strategies for digital marketing adoption and applications. The resulting research model proposed in this paper/article can improve these stakeholders’understandings on why some MSMEs have chosen to adopt digital marketing technologies, while other MSMEs which face similar market conditions have not.
Undergraduate Students Academic Progress Reporting Using UPReS: A Feed Forward Approach
Authors: Eley Suzana Kasim  , Abdul Rahman Mohamad Gobil  , Wan Aryati Wan Ghani  , Norlaila Md Zin
Published: April 2021

Academic performance monitoring is traditionally based on feedback approach. A disadvantage of this approach is that any remedial action would be too late to be implemented. Given that higher education institutions are striving towards achieving graduate on time objectives, an innovative feed forward approach is highly needed. Undergraduate Progress Reporting System (UPReS) is an innovative monitoring and reporting system to monitor academic performance among undergraduate students using electronic spreadsheet. UPReS enables users to forecast academic performance and to identify under-performing students which allows for early intervention programs to be implemented. Using qualitative methodology, this research found that UPReS is able to overcome the limitations of current academic progress monitoring system and offers benefits to students, lecturers and higher education institutions.
A Study on Affordable Housing Issues Among Middle-Income Groups (M40) in Malaysia
Authors: Muhammad Azwan Sulaiman  , Adilah Binti Yusof  , Muhammad Nazim Alias  , Mohamad Isa Abdullah
Published: April 2021

Owning a house is an essential part of a human’s fundamental needs. The establishment of affordable housing that is adequate in number and fulfills liveable home standards is the major challenge in housing issues. Previous studies have found that the current interventions are insufficient in allowing average Malaysians to buy a home. The affordable housing-related issues that arise in Malaysia are not about the number of affordable houses in the market; however, it is about the availability of these houses for the middle-income groups. This study aims to investigate the issues and challenges faced by the middle-income group in dealing with affordable housing issues. This study is based on data from a survey questionnaire adapted from a past research which was similar in terms of affordable housing issues among middle-income earners. The data were analyzed and evaluated to rank the issues and provide recommendations. The findings suggest the establishment of an affordable housing agency to track and process affordable housing applications and approvals. The study results also suggest revising and improving the current affordable housing systems to help the middle-income groups to eventually own their first home. It is anticipated that the study can unravel the problems with affordable housing in this country.
Bemerkungen zum Verhältnis zwischen dem Allgemeinen Teil des Privatrechts (Zivilrechts) und der Tradition des römischen Rechts
Authors:   Rechtswissenschaftliche Fakultät Universität “Eötvös Loránd” (ELTE) Budapest, Hamza Gábor
Published: April 2021

The author of this study traces back the origin of the notion of "General Part"(Allgemeiner Teil in German) to the century's old tradition of Roman law (Civil law). He points out that the origin of the term "General Part" cannot be found in the sources of classical and postclassical Roman law. The most renowned representatives of the German Pandectist School i.e., Pandectist Legal Science developed the concept of "General Part"during the preparation of the codification of private (civil) law during the 19th century availing themselves, however, of the Roman law tradition dating back to the previous i.e. medieval legal science.
Reconsidering the authority to sell as the augmentation or restriction of creditor’s rights in fiducia cum creditore
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Law, Karlović Tomislav
Published: April 2021

The issue of creditor’s rights in fiducia cum creditore after the debtor’s default is one of the central questions concerning the history and development of this form of real security in Roman law. Opposing views and the arguments put forward in the literature during the last decade are keeping the discussion alive. Although it may seem that the idea of the right to final acquisition of unburdened ownership by creditor on default (Verfall theory) is taking sway, there are still opinions in favor of the position acknowledging creditor only the right to hold the object until the debt was eventually paid (Bewahrung theory). In this paper, the problem is reconsidered taking into account the analysis of documents from Roman business practice, as well as the juristic opinions.
Colonii și arenda pământului în Roma antică
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea „Ovidius” din Constanța, Marin Marilena
Published: April 2021

"The present paper analyzes the legal situation of the colonists - semi-free people, land cultivators, in the period of ancient Rome, as well as the particularities that the land lease has experienced in relation to the colonist, in the same period of antiquity. We have had as starting point the status of the colonist within the framework of the Roman society along with a brief characterization of them in order to properly understand the reasons for establishing a particular type of relation with the lands and the corresponding owners of them. Hereinafter, we have considered the sources of the lease agreement as well as the outcome/impact of the contract, in particular the rights and obligations of the settlers. The topic that might be labelled as out of interest has been intended to create a general overview in respect of the people and their relationship with the lands in general with focus on the period of ancient Rome. At the same time, the analysis has been directed towards an in-depth study as regards the legal relationship on which the lease contract was based, starting from the perspective of the great professor Vladimir Hanga, who expressed the idea according to which ”every legislation is related to the society from which it comes and on which it depends”. The research method in point of the of the text has been the observation and analysis of documents, the exact identification of the tackled concepts in respect of time and space, but also for an accurate understanding of the legal situation of the colonists - semi-free people who worked the land during ancient Rome."
Teorii despre dreptul natural în Antichitate și Evul Mediu
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Mihăilă Arthur
Published: April 2021

Natural law philosophers believe that human laws must be defined by moral principles that have origins in human nature or the will of God. In this paper the author analyzes the most important natural law theories from Antiquity and Middle Ages. Natural law tradition has its roots in the philosophy of Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Saint Augustine and Thomas Aquinas. That philosophy was resuscitated in the twentieth century after the Holocaust and continues to be influential to the present day.
Călătorie prin trecut și prezent. Căsătoria și regimurile matrimoniale
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Mihăilă Carmen Oana
Published: April 2021

"Marriage certainly has an interesting evolution, sometimes even spectacular. This institution, related to that of the family, has played an important role in society throughout the evolution of humanity, from a means of protection, to an alliance, reaching in our times a consensual union based on love. Society and marriage, as we will see, have a parallel development and any change in the values of human society also determines changes in the definition of the concepts of marriage and family. For example, the decrease in women's dependence played a decisive role, as it participated morally and financially in the development of married life. The changes in the management of cultural and ideological family life bring us to our times when there is more and more talk about same-sex marriages. Whether we call forth historical data or legal regulations, or whether we turn our attention to religion, literature, or art, marital union is the source of inspiration that has endured over time."
Pactele succesorale privite din perspectiva dreptuluii internațional privat
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Popescu Dan-Andrei
Published: April 2021

This article aims at an analysis of agreements as to succession from the perspective of private international law. All forms of succession agreements are considered, including mutual wills. The study also contains references to comparative law in the field. The relevant provisions of Regulation (EU) No 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and on the creation of a European Certificate of Succession – are analyzed. 650/2012, distinguishing between unilateral and bi- or multilateral pacts, as well as between the admissibility of pacts and issues related to their validity, including binding force and provisions on termination. The article concludes with a functional analysis dedicated to adapting the effects of agreements as to succession, wich are valid according to the hypothetical succession law, given that the lex successionis is hostile to them. More specifically, there is the issue of protecting the interests of force heirs by reference to the law applicable to the succession.
Proclamația de la Islaz și nașterea constituționalismului liberal românesc: un răspuns dat Profesorului V. Hanga
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea „Lucian Blaga” din Sibiu, Guțan Manuel
Published: April 2021

This article is replying to Professor Vladimir Hanga’s core ideas about the Wallachian Proclamation of Islaz (1848) from both an analytical and hermeneutical point of view. It argues against the Proclamation’s nature of a bill of rights, stressing its peculiar ethos and lack of clear liberal goals; it confirms V. Hanga’s allegations about the influence of the French revolutionary ‘declarations des droits’ but it emphasizing the overwhelming influence of the French 1848 Constitution; it is backing a hermeneutical perspective that is trying to explain the content and ethos of the Proclamation through the lens of the Romanian philosopher and writter Ion Heliade Rădulescu.
Influența dreptului roman asupra situației patrimoniale a soțului supraviețuitor în moștenirea legală din vechiul drept francez scris
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Ciortea Alina-Emilia
Published: April 2021

In the old French written law characteristic of the Middle Ages, the legal provisions on succession were not dictated exclusively by the rules of Roman law but were also influenced by local customs applicable in the south of France. The legal provisions ensured that the surviving spouse's patrimonial situation (especially in the case of the widow) did not suffer a sudden change of lifestyle after the death of the life partner. The substantial advantages enjoyed by the surviving spouse were mainly granted through seemingly voluntary legal manifestations, but which had well-founded beliefs and customs at the root. The rules of legal inheritance and those governing the dissolution of the matrimonial regime provided patrimonial aid but were far from sufficient.
Fundamente istorice și permanențe definitorii ale culturii juridice românești. Tradiție neolatină, sinteză europeană și amprentă proprie în unificarea constituțional-legislativă
Authors:   Institutulul de Cercetări Juridice „Acad. Andrei Rădulescu” al Academiei Române, Universitatea Ecologică din București, Duțu Mircea
Published: April 2021

Achieving constitutional unity (expressed by the adoption of the Constitution on March 29, 1923) and legislative unity (in three steps, especially by extending the regulations of the “Old Kingdom: 1928, Bessarabia, 1938 – Bukovina,  1943 – Transylvania) stand as major national acts related to the process of completion the political union of 1918 and consolidating the Romanian national unitary state. They have caused ample debates, facing, in specific terms, beyond conjunctural interests and priorities, there major legal visions and conceptions regarding justice in the Europe of the times, present in the reunified Romania: the neo-Latin, majorly formalist; the Austrian, of “material justice”; and, respectively, the Russian, of a strongly social nature. If regarding the necessity and even the urgency of legislative unification there has been a unanimous standing, the disputes concerned the method of realization, and regional resistances have delayed its effective and full realization. The experiences generated by these contexts – from the four draft projects of a constitutional pact, to laws for partial unification, and successful – the Criminal Code and the Criminal Proceedings Code of 1937 – or failed – the Civil Code, the Civil Proceedings Code and the Commercial Code, adopted in 1939-1940 but their entry into force delayed sine die, the sole imposed solution being eventually the extension of the regulations of the “Old Kingdom” over the unified provinces – bear as well several important scientific and cultural meanings. The have confirm the creation of a Romanian model for juridical development, built upon the Romanic inheritance, the adhesion to the neo-Latin juridical modernity, under its own print, consolidated and diversified by the receptions and synthesis of the juridical inter-war unification. The same unifying context, of European synthesis and national affirmation, gave birth to a Romanian school of law and a national jurisprudence. The traditions the configurated and completed have generated the landmarks of a juridical identity that have endured over time, with the specific nuances, and serve today as indispensable orientation in accepting and expressing the European integration and the generalized globalization, perceived as hybridizing and dialogue, and not as a one-sided obtrusion and deletion of national legal specificities.
Modelado de superficie del polietileno de ultra alto peso molecular (UHMWPE) para reducción del desgaste en la aplicación de prótesis de rodilla
Authors:   , de la Mora Ramírez Tomas
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de la presente investigación es la mejora de las propiedades tribológicas de los bujes de polietileno de ultra alto peso molecular (UHMWPE) a través de la modificación morfológica de su textura superficial con el análisis de la distribución de esfuerzos (Von Mises), y la presión por contacto (CPRESS), la pérdida de volumen y el coeficiente de fricción. Las muestras de prueba se realizaron mediante impresión 3D con el polietileno utilizado en las prótesis, para producir texturas geométricas circulares a profundidades de 79, 121, 169 y 224 micrómetros, con diferentes densidades geométricas con respecto a una distribución uniforme en la superficie de la muestra de 5, 10, 20 y 40%. Se realizaron pruebas de micro abrasión usando una muestra de UHMWPE y una bola de material de acero 52100 de una pulgada de diámetro. Mediante perfolometría 3D, se obtuvo la tasa de desgaste y la constante de desgaste de las probetas con y sin textura. Se realizó un modelo matemático de desgaste abrasivo mediante las ecuaciones de Archard aplicadas a una simulación dinámica de análisis de elemento finito de la prueba de microabrasión utilizando una subrutina en lenguaje Fortran vinculada al software de elemento finito para predecir la tasa de desgaste. Se compararon resultados del modelo matemático con pruebas de desgaste abrasivo realizadas en laboratorio, se analizó las huellas mediante perfilometría 3D para obtener la tasa de desgaste y la constante de desgaste. Se realizó un análisis de fatiga de los bujes comerciales y texturizados obteniendo el tiempo de vida, teniendo un aumento del 34% sobre el buje no texturizado.
De la necesidad a la coyuntura. Evolución de las reflexiones de F. Savater sobre la muerte.
Authors: Grijalba Uche Miguel
Published: April 2021

Ser mortal es saberse mortales. El deseo del ser humano es deseo de inmortalidad. El pensamiento de Fernando Savater ha evolucionado a lo largo de los años en sus variantes filosóficas, políticas y coyunturales. De este modo, su concepto de muerte ha ido sufriendo cambios en esta evolución. Desde una visón libertaria de la muerte entendida como necesidad y a la que se combate con el azar, evoluciona hacia una ética trágica fundada en el querer para alcanzar la inmortalidad, un individualismo y humanismo centrado en una ética del amor propio hasta culminar, por diferentes razones coyunturales, en una concepción personal de la muerte de la persona amada.
Potential of ZnO/ZnS as electron transport materials on Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yurestira Ilham , Aji Arie Purnomo , Desfri Muhammad Feri , Rini Ari Sulistyo , Rati Yolanda
Published: April 2021

Abstrak. Sel surya berbasis perovskite merupakan sel fotovoltaik generasi terakhir yang mampu memanfaatkan energi surya dengan efisiensi tinggi dan dapat difabrikasi melalui proses yang sederhana dan murah. Sejak diperkenalkannya perovskite solar cell (PSC), efisiensi konversi dayanya telah mencapai efisiensi di atas 23% dalam waktu yang relatif singkat diiringi dengan peningkatan publikasi ilmiah di bidang ini. Penggunaan semikonduktor ZnO sebagai Electron Transport Material (ETM) yang merupakan salah satu bagian utama dalam PSC mulai dilirik akibat proses pembuatan yang lebih sederhana dibandingkan TiO2. Seng oksida (ZnO) masih memiliki kelemahan yang dapat diatasi dengan penambahan ZnS untuk mengurangi rekombinasi pembawa muatan dari lapisan perovskite ke ETM. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk menyajikan tinjauan singkat tentang status terkini mengenai komposit ZnO/ZnS sebagai elektron transport material pada sel surya perovskit. Ulasan ini juga membahas peran penambahan ZnS dalam memperbaiki morfologi dalam ukuran nano dan sifat optik material sekaligus meningkatkan kinerja PSC beserta penjelasan mengenai mekanisme dasar operasi piranti untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang sifat dari ZnO/ZnS sebagai ETM pada sel surya perovskit. Abstract. Perovskite-based solar cells are the latest generation of photovoltaic cells capable of utilizing solar energy at high efficiency and can be fabricated through a simple and inexpensive process. Since the introduction of the perovskite solar cell (PSC), its power conversion efficiency has reached efficiencies above 23% in a relatively short period of time accompanied by an increase in scientific publications in this field. The use of ZnO semiconductors as Electron Transport Material (ETM), which is one of the main parts of PSC, has begun to be noticed due to the simpler manufacturing process compared to TiO2. Zinc oxide (ZnO) still has a weakness which can be overcome by adding ZnS to reduce the recombination of the charge carriers from the perovskite layer to the ETM. The aim of this article is to present a brief overview of the current status of ZnO/ZnS composites as an electron transport material in perovskite solar cells. This review also discusses the role of addition of ZnS in improving morphology in nanosize and optical properties of materials as well as improving PSC performance along with an explanation of the basic mechanism of device operation to provide a better understanding of the properties of ZnO/ZnS as ETM in perovskite solar cells. Keywords: Perovskite solar cell, Composite, ZnO, ZnS dan Electron Transport Material.
Mechanical properties of coconut shell particle board using epoxy resin adhesive
Authors: Hatta Zia Nurkhalida , Mursal Mursal , Ismail Ismail
Published: April 2021

Abstrak. Papan partikel merupakan komposit yang tersusun dari filler (penguat) dan matriks (pengikat). Papan partikel dapat dibuat dari bahan limbah pertanian yang mengandung selulosa seperti tempurung kelapa. Penelitian ini menggunakan limbah tempurung kelapa sebagai filler dan resin epoksi (RE) sebagai matriks. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan ukuran partikel tempurung kelapa (60, 80, 100 dan 120 mesh) dan komposisi filler tempurung kelapa:perekat RE (70:30, 75:25, 80:20, dan 85:15 vol.%) untuk memperoleh sifat mekanik yang terbaik. Sifat mekanik yang diuji adalah modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, dan kuat tekan. Sifat mekanik papan partikel diuji sesuai standar ASTM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sifat mekanik menurun dengan bertambahnya komposisi tempurung kelapa. Namun sifat mekanik meningkat dengan mengecilnya ukuran partikel dari 60 ke 120 mesh. Papan partikel yang dihasilkan memenuhi persyaratan ANSI untuk ukuran partikel 120 mesh, komposisi tempurung kelapa 80 vol.%, dan RE 20 vol.%.Abstract. Particle board is a composite composed of filler (reinforcement) and a matrix (binder). Particle board can be made of agricultural waste material containing cellulose such as a coconut shell. This study used coconut shell particles as a filler and epoxy resin (RE) as a matrix. The research was conducted by varying the particle size of coconut shells (60, 80, 100 and 120 mesh) and the composition of coconut shell fillers:RE adhesive (70:30, 75:25, 80:20, and 85:15 vol.%) to obtain the best mechanical properties. The mechanical properties tested were modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and compressive strength. Particleboard was tested according to ASTM standards. The results showed that the mechanical properties decreased with increasing coconut shell composition. However, the mechanical properties increased as the particle size decreased from 60 to 120 mesh. The resulting particle board meets ANSI requirements for a particle size of 120 mesh, 80 vol.% of coconut shell composition, and 20 vol.% of RE. Keywords: Coconut Shell, Epoxy Resin, Mechanical Properties, Particle Board
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Stepping in Place with Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Improving Gait in a Community Dwelling Stroke Population
Authors: Swaffield Emma
Published: April 2021

Stroke survivors often exhibit asymmetric walking patterns associated with one-sided weakness, or hemiparesis, resulting in a reduced walking ability and lower levels of independence. Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) is an emerging strategy that uses music with a strong beat to help cue walking. RAS has successfully improved walking ability and symmetry in stroke survivors, yet the use of RAS while stepping in place has been only minimally explored. Due to limited mobility in this population, stepping in place may be a more feasible method of practicing walking patterns. The purpose of this study is two-fold: 1) to determine the immediate effects of stepping in place with RAS on kinematic walking parameters, and 2)to evaluate whether any changes in gait parameters translate to walking following a RAS session. The study is currently underway, with an objective of testing 8 to 10 participants who have experienced a stroke resulting in hemiparesis and reduced walking ability. The testing protocol is divided into two parts; part one involves an initial walking assessment to determine stepping cadence. In part two, participants complete a gait analysis and functional assessment before and after the stepping in place with RAS session. Two-dimensional analysis using a motion capture system and force plates allows for multiple spatiotemporal and kinematic outcome measures to be collected such as walking speed, step length, and joint angles. Ultimately, findings from this study will help to determine if and how stepping in place with RAS can improve gait in stroke survivors.
Differential DNA Methylation in Purified Human Cord and Peripheral Blood: Biomarkers of Prenatal Smoking and Allergy in Children
Authors: Noureldin Lydia
Published: April 2021

Adjusting for nonresponse, 7.7% of Canadian adults suffer from allergies. On a broader scale, Allergic rhinitis affects approximately 10 – 25% of the world population. The study analyzed data (n=185) from the Kingston Allergy Birth Cohort study, a prospective birth cohort that has recruited over 300 pregnant women to date. A skin prick tests was administered to each child to quantify the phenotype, allergies, on a binary scale. Surveys filled out by the mothers revealed that 28% engaged in prenatal smoking, the highest rate in Ontario. Methylation in the human genome is known to be associated with development and disease. The study defines the methylome as the set of nucleic acid methylation modifications in a subject’s genome. With the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip, the study collected DNA samples and examined over 850,000 methylation sites quantitatively across the genome at single-nucleotideresolution, to investigate the effects of allergies, and maternal smoking, on the methylome. Pre–processing steps including quality control, normalisation, data exploration, non-specific filtering, and statistical testing for probe-wise differential methylation was applied. After pre-processing and outlier removal, umbilical cord blood (n=50) and peripheral blood (n=70) was analyzed from the subjects. The study found differentially methylated sites that represent potential biomarkers that could be predictive of future atopic disease in childhood. These potential biomarkers may also serve as a more accurate method, than surveys filled out by the mothers which are susceptible to patient bias, in determining if a child was subject to prenatal smoking.