bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study effect of extreme wind direction change on 3-bladed horizontal axis wind turbine
Authors: Sang Le Quang , Maeda Takao , Kamada Yasunari
Published: October 2019

The Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT) are used very popular in the world. They were installed mainly on land. However, on the land, the wind regime change is very complex such as high turbulence and constantly changing wind direction. In the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61400-1 standard, the wind regime is devided into the normal wind conditions and the extreme wind conditions. This study will focus on the extreme wind direction change and estimate the aerodynamic forces acting on a 3-bladed HAWT under this condition. Because the extreme wind direction change may cause extreme loads and it will affect the lifetime of HAWTs. This issue is experimented in the wind tunnel in Mie University, Japan to understand these effects. The wind turbine model is the 3-bladed HAWT type and using Avistar airfoil for making blades. A 6-component balance is used to measure the forces and the moments acting on the entire wind turbine in the three directions of x, y and z-axes. This study estimates the load fluctuation of the 3-bladed wind turbine under extreme wind direction change. The results show that the yaw moment and the pitch moment under the extreme wind direction change fluctuate larger than the normal wind condition. Specifically, before the sudden wind direction change happened, the averaged maximum pitch moment MX is -1.78 Nm, and after that MX is 4.45 Nm at inrush azimuth of 0°.©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
Economic Analysis and Performance of PV Plants: An Application in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Bamisile Olusola , Olubiyo Foyin , Dagbasi Mustafa , Adun Humphrey , Wole-Osho Ifeoluwa
Published: October 2019

In this study, photovoltaic (PV) technology development over the years is reviewed. The use of PV power plants to solve inadequate power supply in Kurdistan is also analysed. PV power application is one of the most developed renewable energy applications but still not commercialized in somw countries. In this paper, three different locations will be evaluated in Kurdistan for PV plant installation. The research will investigate the best location for PV plant installation in Kurdistan, check the viability of the proposed plants and compare the performance of a fixed and a double axis tracking system. A 10 MW PV plant is developed and simulated based on economic terms. The results from the analysis shows that the simple payback period for a 10 MW PV plant in all the locations considered is between 6.8 and 7.2 years. Also, the installation with two-axis tracking system gave the lowest simple payback period (6.8 years). The PV plant is viable considering other economic indicators like; IRR, NPV, annual life cycle savings and BCR. The yearly savings of the system for one of the locations considered is US$1,573,327 with a dual axis tracking system. ©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
Textbooks as source for conceptional confusion in teaching and learning ‘acids and bases’ in lower secondary school
Authors: Lembens Anja , Hammerschmid Susanne , Jaklin-Farcher Susanne , Nosko Christian , Reiter Katrin
Published: October 2019

Chemistry teaching and learning bears some subject-specific challenges. For example, explanations and considerations of chemical phenomena drawing on the macroscopic, the sub-microscopic and the representational level. In this paper, we focus on the topic ‘acids and bases’ where the confusion of these levels leads to numerous misconceptions among learners. One possible source of these problems are textbooks, which can have an important impact on the quality of teaching and learning. To identify scientific and didactical appropriate textbooks for lower secondary classes, we draw on the work of Roseman, J. E., Stern, L. & Koppal, M. (2010), who developed an instrument to analyse textbooks using a conceptual coherence map. To develop our topic-specific instrument, big ideas of the topic were formulated, arranged in a conceptual coherence map, and set in relation with each other. Then we development a coding manual that describes precisely how to apply the different categories while analysing textbooks. The process described is part of a design-based research project with the aim to contribute to better chemistry teaching and learning. We give insight into the process of developing this instrument for analysing chemistry textbooks. Furthermore, it presents some examples for problematic representations from textbooks in the field of ‘acids and bases’.
Reduction of Blocking Probability in Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switched Optical Networks
Authors: Dhawan Monika , Singh Simranjit , Wason Amit
Published: October 2019

The blocking probability is studied for improving the quality of service of the network. The call blocking model for mode of operation to determine the types of applications suitable for Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switched (GMPLS) networks is proposed. The performance of optical network depends upon various parameters such as number of channels, number of sources, traffic intensity which directly affect the blocking probability of the network. A mathematical model of an optical network for blocking probability of cleared calls and holding calls is developed. In the proposed model, blocking probability of the network gets reduced with a large number of servers. The proposed models decrease the blocking probability of the network to a level of 10–40. In addition, the blocking performance for held calls is also analyzed to compare the amount of traffic intensity that can be handled and completed properly with that of the cleared calls probability. The blocking probability is less for cleared calls than that for held calls as more traffic intensity can be handled in case of cleared calls but the chances for call completion increases in case of held calls.
Phonosemantic biases found in Leipzig-Jakarta lists of 66 languages
Authors: Joo Ian
Published: October 2019

Based on the vocabulary of 66 genealogically distinct languages, this study reveals the biased association between phonological features and the 100 lexical meanings of the Leipzig-Jakarta List. Morphemes whose meanings are related to round shapes (‘egg’, ‘navel’, ‘neck’, and ‘knee’) tend to contain phonemes that bear the [+round] feature. Also observable is the positive association between buccal actions and the phonological features they resemble (‘to blow’ with [+labial] and ‘to suck’ with [+delayed release]). Grammatical morphemes related to proximity (‘this’, ‘in’,1sgand2sgpronoun) are positively associated with [+nasal]. The phonosemantic patterns found in the most basic vocabulary of spoken languages further confirm that the sound-meaning association in natural languages is not completely arbitrary but may be motivated by human cognitive biases.
Das Beste zum Schluss?
Authors: Ginestí Rosell Anna
Published: October 2019

This paper analyses the particular composition of the last book of the Quaestiones Convivales and puts it in relation to the remaining eight books. The particularity of the 9th book can be seen at different levels. The prologue is the shortest one and has no educational goals in contrast to all preceding ones. There are more questions - 15 instead of 10 - and all of them belong to the same symposion. Accordingly there is a stable constellation of participants instead of a permanent changing of characters. In this particular structure the last book should be placed near to the classical symposia of Plato and Xenophon, while the first eight books have a strong proximity to the problemata literature. A close look at the content shows an interesting development: There is no friendly conversation at the beginning, but disconnected and chaotic discussions, so the symposiarch Ammonios and other participants like Plutarch have to apply all their knowledge on symposia to achieve a friendly atmosphere. There are no programmatic discourses on symposia but a display of all necessary skills. Therefore the last book of the Quaestiones Convivales can be seen as a last examination for the reader and an opportunity to polish his learned symposiac skills. The dramatic time of this last symposion is set in the young days of Plutarch, when he was a student in Athens. He is one of the young participants, his master Ammonios is the host.While Ammonios plays the role of an alter Socrates, Plutarch as his pupil acts as a symposiast-to-be. In this way Plutarch illustrates in this last book the first step of his path to knowledge and presents himself as a worthy successor of Ammonios in sympotic competence.
Zu Gast bei den Witwen
Authors: Patzelt Maik
Published: October 2019

This paper seeks to unveil the agency of widows in late antiquity beyond prevailing limits of asceticism and euergetism. Based on a Bourdieu’ian field-analysis this approach seeks to illustrate that some widows used their recently achieved liberty not for withdrawing from society, i.e. living an ascetic life among their peers, praying all night and day. They used their liberty to actively engage within this society, within the elite in particular, instead. In so doing, these (wealthy) widows constructed, contested, and negotiated power relations by appropriating and nuancing communication strategies of allegedly male domains of practice, i. e. the daily business of the household. These widows, strictly speaking, set up new power relations with which they started negotiating and maintaining, indeed creating new field positions, through which new interactions occurred that rendered her agency. An exemplary context in this respect is that of inheritance hunting in the widows’ households.
Chindasvinth, the ‘Gothic disease’, and the Monothelite crisis
Authors: Esders Stefan
Published: October 2019

Taking up important observations made by L. A. García Moreno on King Chindasvinth’s involvement in the Monothelite crisis via connections to North Africa and to Rome, this article argues that a deep division within the Visigothic episcopate on the king’s policy should already be assumed for October 646, when Chindasvinth assembled the 7th Synod of Toledo. A new reading of the synod’s first canon, usually interpreted as a mere confirmation of Chindasvinth’s law on high treason of 641/2, proceeds from the observation that the synod’s decisions must be seen as a minory vote, given the fact that the synod was not attended by more than 30 bishops and several episcopal representatives, and that it lacked any attendance or support from the ecclesiastical provinces of Tarraconensis and Septimania. As is shown, fears were expressed at the synod somewhat shroudedly that numerous clerics of every rank could find a common cause with a foreign enemy beyond the frontiers and that, as a consequence, an infringement of the orthodox faith could result. This most likely referred to the clergy of Septimania and Aquitania, whose territories the Visigothic kingdom and the Frankish kingdom neighboured. This paper argues that Frankish Aquitania, being the south-western part of the Austrasian kingdom of the Merovingian king Sigibert III, never adopted the policy of Sigibert’s brother Clovis II, who assembled a synod of the episcopate of Neustria and Burgundy at Chalon-sur-Saône in support of Pope Martin’s condemnation of Monothelitism at the Lateran synod of 649. While it is not clear whether Sigibert prevented the Aquitanian clergy from attending the synod for religious reasons or for diplomatic considerations related to Constantinople, the division of both the Frankish and Visigothic episcopates over the issue of supporting the Lateran Council fostered a constellation in which treason could become a crime with strong religious overtones.
Terpenoids, nano-entities and molecular self-assembly
Authors: Bag Braja Gopal , Barai Abir Chandan , Hasan Sk Nurul , Panja Saikat Kumar , Ghorai Subrata , Patra Soumen
Published: October 2019

Plant metabolites being renewable in nature have tremendous significance for the development of a sustainable society. In this manuscript we show that, terpenoids having nanometric lengths, commonly having several functional groups and several centers of chirality, can be utilized as renewable Molecular Functional Nanos (MFNs). The terpenoids spontaneously self-assembled in liquids yielding different morphologies such as vesicles, tubes, flowers, petals and fibers of nano- to micro-meter dimensions and supramolecular gels. The self-assemblies were utilized for the entrapment and release of fluorophores including anticancer drug, pollutant capture, generation of hybrid materials and catalysis.
Research on green technologies for immobilizing mercury in waste to minimize chemical footprint
Authors: Makarova Anna , Fedoseev Andrew , Yakubovich Liubov
Published: October 2019

This paper is devoted to the use of the principles of green chemistry in the search for technologies to reduce the chemical footprints of areas. The chemical footprint for mercury and its compounds was taken as an example to study. These chemicals belong to priority pollutants and their ever-increasing amounts in the environment have caused concern around the world, which is reflected in the adoption of the Minamata Convention. The Minamata Convention aims to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic releases of mercury and mercury compounds. This Convention is an important component of efforts to achieve sustainable, inclusive and resilient human development through SDGs, which were adopted in September 2015 and especially SDG Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. Relevancy of this work is due to the need for the adopting of a series of measures to withdraw some mercury-containing goods from the production cycle. Also, one of the most important statements of the Convention is in reference to the issue of mercury contamination when recycling mercury. An important aspect of the work described in this paper is the reduction of mercury pollution from mercury-containing waste products by the development of technology in accordance with the principles of green chemistry. These are energy-efficient and without waste -water discharge technology. The main result of this work is the fundamental research for a transformation of elemental mercury and its compounds into less dangerous forms for the human body and the environment, providing a guaranteed absence of mercury-containing waste in the atmosphere and water systems. Various conditions for reaction of the immobilization of metallic mercury in mercury-containing wastes were investigated and it was established that it proceeded best under the following conditions:

Reaction of metallic mercury with elementary sulfur;

A ball mill is used as a reactor, which ensures constant updating of the contact area of the phases;

For a good dispersion of mercury and for a relatively quick and complete reaction a large excess of sulfur up to 6500 % by stoichiometry (e.g. ratio of mercury:sulfur = 1:1.5 by weight) is necessary;

The addition of a very small amount of water also has a positive effect (hydromodulus of Solid:Liquid = 3:1 by weight).
Some interesting features of the rich chemistry around electron-deficient systems
Authors: Mó Otilia
Published: October 2019

In this short review, different phenomena that are triggered by the interaction of different compounds or clusters of compounds with electron-deficient systems, in particular beryllium and boron compounds, have been discussed in some detail. Particular attention was devoted to the huge acidity enhancements that can be induced through the interaction of conventional bases with B or Be containing compounds, which change these conventional bases in extremely strong proton donors. We have paid also attention to the cooperativity between Be bonds with other weak interactions, which results in a substantial increase of their strength, that can lead in some specific cases to the spontaneous formation of ion-pairs in the gas phase. Finally, the behavior of different Be derivatives as electron and anion sponges is discussed as well as the conditions needed to have clusters exhibiting rather strong Be–Be bonds, even though the Be–Be interaction in Be2dimer is extremely weak. Finally, some attention was paid to systems with extremely short Be–Be distances but without a bond.
Foreword for PAC special issue 4th International Conference on the Periodic Table (Mendeleev 150)
Authors: Zhou Qi-Feng
Published: October 2019

The conference Mendeleev 150 was held to join the worldwide celebrations of the 150th Anniversary of the publication of Dmitri I. Mendeleev’s Periodic Table of Chemical Elements and the International Year of the Periodic Table proclaimed by the United Nations. The presentations of the invited speakers were published by the Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry as a special issue. The papers in this issue formed a broad picture of the Periodic Table: the history, the people, the reasoning, the mathematical description of the law, and the efforts to predict and to create any new elements. The highlights of the presentations are briefly introduced in this article as the Preface to the special issue.
William Barlow’s early publications in the ‘Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie’ and their influence on crystal structure research
Authors: Paufler Peter
Published: October 2019

The English crystallographer William Barlow is famous for two achievements, both published in German, in Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie between 1894 and 1901. They concern the derivation of all possible symmetrical arrangements of points in space and the idea to represent crystal structures by replacing points by spheres. His results had an impact upon crystal structure modelling and describing crystal morphology. Utilizing self-made models, he found the 230 space group types of symmetry obtained earlier by both E. S. Fedorow and A. Schoenflies in a different manner. The structures he proposed before the discovery of X-ray diffraction served in some cases as starting point for the interpretation of diffraction patterns thereafter.
Business and Industry World Contributions to Community Empowerment
Authors: Herwina Wiwin , Mustakim Mustakim
Published: October 2019

The development of the business and the industry world goes hand in hand with the development of education in society. Education plays an important role in improving people's life skills. The purpose of this study is to describe the contribution of the business world and the world of industry in community empowerment, and to describe the concept of community empowerment for alumni of the Yuwita training and course institution, Tasikmalaya City, West Java. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The techniques used in collecting research data are observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Whereas for checking the validity of the data the researcher uses data validity criteria to support that this research has credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmation. The results of the study illustrate that the business and the industry world (DUDI) contribute to the empowerment of alumni communities in courses and training in skin beauty. DUDI's contribution to community empowerment manifests itself in increasing independence, the formation of study groups, competencies that are in accordance with the Indonesian National Qualification Framework Standard (SKKNI). Increasing entrepreneurship based on regional potential, increasing skills, knowledge and attitudes. And increasing economic capacity, ability to access welfare benefits, and cultural and political abilities. A partnership between courses and training institutions with DUDI was realized. Collaboration in technology transfer, knowledge/skills transfer, human resource transfer, transfer of learning methods, and capital transfers, as well as business opportunities.
Pediatric Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Evidence, Barriers, and Best Practices
Authors: Armstrong Sarah C. , Bolling Christopher F. , Michalsky Marc P. , Reichard Kirk W. ,   SECTION ON OBESITY, SECTION ON SURGERY, Haemer Matthew Allen , Muth Natalie Digate , Rausch John Conrad , Rogers Victoria Weeks , Heiss Kurt F. , Besner Gail Ellen , Downard Cynthia D. , Fallat Mary Elizabeth , Gow Kenneth William , FACS MD
Published: October 2019

Severe obesity among youth is an “epidemic within an epidemic” and portends a shortened life expectancy for today’s children compared with those of their parents’ generation. Severe obesity has outpaced less severe forms of childhood obesity in prevalence, and it disproportionately affects adolescents. Emerging evidence has linked severe obesity to the development and progression of multiple comorbid states, including increased cardiometabolic risk resulting in end-organ damage in adulthood. Lifestyle modification treatment has achieved moderate short-term success among young children and those with less severe forms of obesity, but no studies to date demonstrate significant and durable weight loss among youth with severe obesity. Metabolic and bariatric surgery has emerged as an important treatment for adults with severe obesity and, more recently, has been shown to be a safe and effective strategy for groups of youth with severe obesity. However, current data suggest that youth with severe obesity may not have adequate access to metabolic and bariatric surgery, especially among underserved populations. This report outlines the current evidence regarding adolescent bariatric surgery, provides recommendations for practitioners and policy makers, and serves as a companion to an accompanying technical report, “Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery for Pediatric Patients With Severe Obesity,” which provides details and supporting evidence.
METHOD FOR THE METABOLIC PROFILE OF PLANT TISSUES BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED TO MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC/MS) v2
Authors: M. Vieira Nívea , E. Vital Camilo , S.L. Pontes Claudia , M. Vidigal Pedro , D. Gómez Jenny , Barros Edvaldo , Ramos Humberto
Published: October 2019

Plants produce a variety of compounds with diverse structure and abundance that play an important role in the development, growth and response to the environment. Metabolite profiles can be obtained from hundreds of samples by CG/MS (gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry). However, the large number of identify metabolites for each run and of treatments and replicates require automatic processing for both spectra (metabolite identification and quantification) and global analysis of the metabolome. Thus, this protocol describes in detail, step-by-step, the generation of the metabolite profiles from GC/MS data, as well as their Exploratory Statistical and Functional Enrichment analyzes.
Field-adapted PPRV whole genome MinION library build v1
Authors: Torsson Emeli , Torsson Emeli , Karlsson Lindsjö Oskar
Published: October 2019

Peste-des-petit-ruminants virus is currently the focus of a control and eradication program launched by the FAO and OIE. One of the important steps in the control strategy is strengthening the laboratory capacity and improve molecular methods to characterize field isolates. This protocol describes the preparation of samples for sequencing using the MinION sequencer, from cDNA synthesis, PCR amplification using multiplex primers to loading off the sample on the flow cell. The miniPCR is used as the thermo cycler, making this protocol fully field-adapted and ready to use in the field or in a less well-equipped lab.
Cerrahi süreçteki sağlık profesyonellerinin kişilerarası iletişim tarzları ve ekip çalışması tutumları
Authors: SALDAMLI Aslı , IŞIK ANDSOY İşıl
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, cerrahi girişim sürecinde yer alan sağlık profesyonellerinin kişilerarası ilişki tarzları ve ekip çalışmasına yönelik tutumlarının değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Örnekleme gönüllü 126 cerrahi ekip üyesi alındı. Veriler “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Kişilerarası İletişim Tarzları Ölçeği (KİTÖ)” ve “Ekip Çalışması Tutumları Ölçeği (EÇTÖ)” ile toplandı. Bulgular: Çalışmada EÇTÖ’den en düşük puanı hemşirelerin, EÇTÖ ve KİTÖ’den en yüksek puanı ise diğer sağlık profesyonellerinin aldığı saptandı. Yine EÇTÖ’nün iletişim alt boyutundan en düşük puanı alan hekimlerdi. Diğer sağlık profesyonellerinin, KİTÖ’nün kaçıngan tarz alt boyutundan aldıkları puan ortalamasının hemşirelere göre anlamlı derecede yüksek, EÇTÖ’nün iletişim alt boyutundan aldıkları puan ortalamalarının hemşire ve hekimlere göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu belirlendi.  Çalışmada 21 yıl ve üzeri çalışan cerrahi ekip üyelerinin KİTÖ’nün baskın tarz alt boyutundan aldıkları puan ortalamasının daha az süre çalışan ekip üyelerine göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu bulundu. Sonuç: Bu doğrultuda cerrahi ekip üyelerine yönelik kişilerarası iletişim becerilerini ve ekip çalışması tutumlarını geliştirmeye yönelik eğitimlerin planlanması, var olan sorunların saptanması, giderilmesine yönelik bireysel ve kurumsal girişimlerin yapılması önerilmektedir.
Suturae cranii’nin morfolojik ve morfometrik değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KILIÇ ŞAFAK Nazire
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sutura coronalis, sutura sagittalis ve sutura lambdoidea sutural açıklığı morfolojisinin ve morfometrisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu amaç ile, cinsiyeti ve yaşı belli olmayan Anadolu populasyonuna ait 17 adet cranium sutural açıklık derecesine göre (Derece 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) analiz edilmiştir ve daha sonra sutura cranii uzunlukları elektronik kumpas ile ölçülmüştür. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda sutura coronalis Derece 0 %0, Derece 1 %67.85, Derece 2 %3.57, Derece 3 ve 4 ise %14.28 ; sutura sagittalis Derece 0 %0, Derece 1 %53.57, Derece 2 ve 3 %14.28, Derece 4 %17.85, sutura lambdoidea Derece 0 %0,  Derece 1 %60.71, Derece 2 %14.28, Derece 3 %0, Derece 4 %7.14 olarak gözlenmiştir. Sutura coronalis, sutura sagittalis ve sutura lambdoidea uzunlukları ise sırası ile 116.80±7.70 mm, 106.59±7.18 mm, 109.05±6.76 mm olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçlarımızın özellikle anatomi, antropoloji ve osteopatik manipulatif tıp ile ilgili literatüre katkıda bulunacaktır.
El falanks kırıklarında açık redüksiyon ve plak ile fiksasyonun sonuçları
Authors: ÖZCAN Çağrı
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Multifragmanter, kısalık oluşan ve takiplerinde redüksiyon kaybı görülen falanks kırıklarının açık redüksiyon, mini plak ile fiksasyonunun radyolojik ve fonksiyonel sonuçlarını degerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: 2008–2016 Yılları arasında hastanemizde 28 tane falanks kırığı sebebiyle mini plak ile fiksasyon yapılan hastalar retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. 28 hastanın 30 falanksı çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar son kontrollerine geldiğinde Quick Dash skorları, kavrama kuvvetlerine, fonksiyonel eklem hareket açıklığına bakılmıştır. Hastaların kaynama süresi, yatış süresileri, cerrahi süre ve komplikasyonlar değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşları 37.3(23–57) ortalama takip süresi 23 (7–84) aydır. Hastaların son kontrollerindeki Quick Dash skorları ortalama 8,43(0-27,5) olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kavrama kuvveti kırık elde 43 (25-60) kgW, sağlıklı elde 47 (35-60) kgW olarak ölçüldü. Hastaların 3 ekleminin (MP, PİP, DİP) toplam hareket açıklığı 240°(170 –270) olarak ölçülmüştür. Hastaların ortalama kaynama süresi 34.9 gün (25-50) dür. Hastaların yatış süresi ortalama 1.45 Gün (1-3) dür. Cerrahi süresi ortalama 60.25 dk (45-90) dır. Klinik olarak 28 hastanın 6 tanesinde eklem sertliği 1 tanesinde rotasyon tespit edilmiştir. 6 hasta yapılan cerrahiden memnun olmadığı görülmüştür.18 hasta parmaklarında şişlik kalmasından şikayetçiydi. Sonuç: Falanks kırıklarında açık redüksiyon ve internal fiksasyon yapmanın avantajı rigit bir tespit erken dönemde iş gücü kaybının azalmasıdır. Hastalara cerrahi sonrası erken dönemde hareket başlanması hareket kısıtlılığı açısından önemlidir. Multifragmanter, deplase ve kısalık oluşan falanks kırıklarında cerrahi erken dönemde hareket verme avantajı sağlar. Rotasyon ve eklem sertliği cerrahi sonrası karşılaşabilecek sorunların başında gelmektedir.
Bladed peek cage using the anterior approach in multiple-level degenerative cervical disc herniation: a case series of 156 patients
Authors: BİLGİN Emre , ÇAVUŞ Gökhan , ÖKTEN Ali İhsan , GEZERCAN Yurdal , AÇIK Vedat , ARSLAN Ali , OLGUNER Semih Kıvanç , İŞTEMEN İsmail
Published: October 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cervical discectomy with bladed peek cage and differences in clinical outcomes, complication rates, and radiological findings of patients with multiple-level cervical degenerative disc herniation in terms of age, sex, and number of levels.Materials and Methods: The following data were assessed: demographic data, patient complaints, symptoms, neurologic examination and radiologic findings, postoperative outcomes, and complications of surgery. We assessed 156 patients who had level 2, 3, and 4 cervical degenerative disc herniation detected between 2012 and 2018 via radiological examination.Results: Of the patients, 41.6% (n = 65) were men and 58.4% (n = 91) women. The patients were aged 32–76 years, with an average age of 50.68 years. Moreover, 85.2% (n = 133), 13.5% (n = 21), and 1.3% (n = 2) of patients presented with level 2, 3, and 4 cervical degenerative disc herniation, respectively. All patients received medications as a conservative treatment during the preoperative period, and 79.5% (n = 124) underwent physiotherapy. In terms of complications, five patients developed neurological deficit and one developed superficial wound infection during the early postoperative period.Conclusion: The fusion rate may be similar to the stabilization, and cervical region movements may be achieved after performing anterior cervical plaque surgery with cage as well as anterior cervical discectomy and bladed peek cage surgery in patients with level 2 or higher cervical degenerative disc herniation and/or cervical spondylosis.
Morphometric measurements of the internal acoustic meatus
Authors: ÖZANDAÇ POLAT Sema , UYGUR Ayşe Gül , ÖKSÜZLER Fatma Yasemin , ÖKSÜZLER Mahmut , YÜCEL Ahmet Hilmi
Published: October 2019

Purpose: This study was aimed to determine the morphometry of internal acoustic meatus in healthy Turkish population aged between 18-60 years.Materials and Methods: This study which was a retrospective study, was carried out from the 142 healthy adult subjects (59 females; 83 males) aged 18-60 years. Subjects had undergone routine test in the Radiology Department. Results: The groups were divided into four groups according to age. The overall means of the measurements were: the internal acoustic meatus length 9.71 mm (R) and 9.92 mm (L); the internal acoustic meatus width 3.97 mm (R) and 3.95 mm (L); the internal acoustic meatus height 4.65 mm (R) and 4.66 mm (L) in females, respectively. The same dimensions were found 9.61 mm (R) and 9.87 mm (L); 4.18 mm (R) and 4.15 mm (L); 5.13 ±0.85 mm (R) and 5.13±0.90 mm (L) in males, respectively. Also, the ratio of IAM’width to height was calculated 0.860±0.125 and 0.825±0.137 in females and males in right side, respectively  whereas in left side the corresponding value was 0.855±0.125 and 0.820±0.142 in females and males, respectively.Conclusion: Knowledge of the normal dimensions of the internal acoustic meatus is more important for determination of the clinical and tumor processes.
Relationship between mortality and baseline platelet to lymphocyte ratio in hemodialysis patients
Authors: KAYA Bülent , PAYDAŞ Saime , KARA Ertan
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate baseline parameters including platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as predictive value for mortality in hemodialysis patients.Materials and Methods: In this study 129 patients undergoing hemodialysis more than 3 months, were evaluated for survival between 1999 and 2017. In the 3. Month of beginning of hemodialysis clinical and laboratory parameters of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were separated into 2 groups as dead and living. After 30 excluded patients due to study criteria, 33 paients of the remaining 99 patients died and 66 were still undergoing hemodialysis.Results: The mean age of patients was 57 ± 18.9 years (13-93), 46.5% (46) were female and mean hemodialysis vintage was 35.02 ± 30.44 months. According to Kaplan Meier, survival analysis PLR was significantly higher in hemodialysis patients who died compared to surviving hemodialysis patients but NLR was not different in hemodialysis patients who surviving or died. Multivariate Cox regression analysis model, correlated factors associated with mortality were PLR and serum sodium.Conclusion: Baseline PLR and serum sodium were found to be sensitive biomarkers for mortality. Baseline 3. hemodialysis month PLR of which is easily accessible, inexpensive and simple, can be a predictor of mortality at follow up period in hemodialysis patients.
Relationship between the psychosocial impact of malocclusion and objective orthodontic treatment need
Authors: HALİLOĞLU ÖZKAN Tuğba , YAZICIOĞLU Sabahat
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the psychosocial effect of malocclusion and objective orthodontic treatment need in Turkish adolescents and young adults.Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 152 adolescents (mean age; 14.91), and 48 young adults (mean age; 21.83). Participants were asked to answer the “Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ)”. Objective treatment need was evaluated by an experienced clinician, using the Aesthetic Component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment need. (IOTN). Results: Statistical analyzes revealed no significant difference between adolescents and young adults either in PIDAQ and AC scores. There was also no significant gender differences in PIDAQ and AC scores either in adolescents and young adults. A positive correlation was found between the PIDAQ score and the AC value just in adolescent females (r= 0.263, p=0.012).Conclusion: Malocclusion has similar degree of psychosocial impacts in adolescents and young adults. Female adolescents appear more aware of their dental appearance and feel higher psychosocial impacts than adolescent males.
Psychometric properties of the Oral Health Assessment Tool Turkish Version
Authors: ERCAN ŞAHİN Nilay , JABLONSKİ Rita Anne
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The aims of this study were to conduct validity and reliability assessments of Turkish version of Oral Health Assessment Tool. Materials and Method: The Oral Health Assessment Tool underwent forward and backward Turkish translations and content validity assessments. After modifications, the final instrument was used to assess the oral health of 100 Turkish nursing home residents. Inter-rater reliability and internal consistency assessments were obtained based on its use in this sample. Discriminant validity analyses were conducted using item average points for the top and bottom groups.Results: Content validity indices from 6 experts exceeded 0.80. Discriminative validity, using the top and bottom averaged scores, was supported for all of the categories save dental pain. Inter-rater reliability for the individual categories ranged from 0.54-1.00 (Kappa statistic) and was 0.72 (Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient) for the overall instrument. Conclusion: The Turkish version of Oral Health Assessment Tool was found to be both valid and reliable for cognitively intact nursing home residents. Additional testing with cognitively-impaired nursing home residents is warranted.
Effect of vitamin D deficiency on osteoarthritis and bone mineral density in elderly patients
Authors: ÖZLER Kenan
Published: October 2019

Purpose: We aimed to determine the effect of inadequate vitamin D level on osteoartritis (OA) and bone mineral density (BMD) in female and male elderly patients with early and late stage OA with different BMD, and also the relationship between vitamin D and knee function scores in female and male OA patients.Materials and Methods: One hundred and fortytwo female and one hundred thirty-five male knee OA patients were enrolled in the study. The knee OA was classified as early and late stage. WOMAC score, KOOS score, BMD and Vitamin D levels were measured.  Results: Vitamin D levels patients were statistically significantly lower in female OA than male OA group. Calcium and phosphorus levels were significantly higher in female OA patients than male OA group. There was no difference between vitamin D, vitamin B12, calcium, phosphorus, WOMAC score and KOOS scores in early and late stage OA patients with osteoporosis, osteopenia and normal BMD.  WOMAC score was significantly higher in male patients with osteoporosis early stage and late stage OA than patients with osteopenia and normal BMD. The age odds ratio (OR) was 1,047 (95% CI = 1,009-1,086) in female OA patients, and OR was 1.090 (95% CI = 1,021-1,163) in male OA patients.Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation may be said increase BMD, slow down the progression of osteoporosis, reduce pain, but have no effect on OA progression and knee function scores.
Yoğun bakım ünitesinde bakteriyemi tanısı ile takip edilen hastaların değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKYILDIZ Özay , BEŞLİ Yeşim , KOCAGÖZ Ayşe Sesin
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hastanemiz Genel Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi'nde (GYBÜ) yatan hastaların kan kültürlerinden izole edilen mikroorganizmalar ve antibiyotiklere duyarlılıkları retrospektif olarak değerlendirilerek uygun ampirik tedavi seçimine yol gösterici verilerin elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastanemizde yatan 18 yaş ve üzeri 152 hastanın kan kültürlerinden izole edilen 163 mikroorganizma ve antibiyotiklere duyarlılık sonuçları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Klinikte yatan hastaların ateşli dönemlerinde alınan kan kültürleri BACTEC otomatize kan kültür sisteminde inkübe edildi. Bulgular: Üreyen mikroorganizmaların %68'ini (n=111) Gram pozitif bakteriler, %25'ini (n=40) Gram negatif bakteriler ve %7'sini (n=12) ise mantarlar oluşturmuştur. En sık izole edilen mikroorganizmalar sırasıyla koagülaz negatif stafilokoklar (KNS), Escherichia coli ve Candida spp.‘dir. Kan kültürlerinden izole edilen Gram negatif etkenlerin %7'si (n=12) E.coli, %6'sı (n=9) Klebsiella spp., %5'i (n=8) Pseudomonas spp., %4'ü (n=6) Acinetobacter spp. olarak belirlendi. Genişlemiş Spektrumlu Beta Laktamaz (GSBL) pozitifliği, E. coli izolatlarında %75 (n=9), Klebsiella spp. izolatlarında ise %78 (n=6) olarak saptandı.Sonuç: İzole edilen enfeksiyon etkenlerinin türü, sıklığı ve antibiyotik direnç durumları hakkında bilgi sahibi olup her merkezin kendi antibiyotik kullanım politikasını bu bilgiler ışığında belirlemesi morbidite ve mortalite oranlarını azaltmaya katkı sağlayacaktır.
The Prince of Diponegoro: The Knight of the Javanese War, His Profile of the Spirit and Struggle against the Invaders
Authors: Sudardi Bani , Istadiyantha Istadiyantha
Published: October 2019

Prince Diponegoro's spirit is a spirit of heroism that never goes out. His soul seemed to continue to live up to the present time. Prince Diponegoro was the leader of the Javanese resistance against Dutch colonialism in 1825-1830. Javanese environment of religion and customs which is very strict makes the Prince does not deign to return to the palace which has been incited by Dutch deception and Western culture. Although the struggle was still limited to Java, Diponegoro provided inspiration for freedom fighters. Additionally, among the Indonesian people to take up arms against the Dutch. The Diponegoro War, which was also the Javanese War, was the biggest war that the Dutch had experienced at that time. Prince Diponegoro teaches about mortality from wealth and position. The struggle in society is seen as far more valuable. Spirit of Diponegoro becomes important in strengthening our nationalism frame.
Cancellation of Land Certificate Based on The Court Decision in Indonesian Legal System
Authors: Silva Panji Utama , Descartes Rene , Sari Daulay Debby Dwita
Published: October 2019

Judge's decision has many benefits in achieving legal certainty, including in the case of the cancellation of certificate of ownership, but for the cancellation of the certificate must be canceled through the Land Office, because legally formally the cancellation is not enough with a court decision only, based on the Regulation of the National Land Agency Number 11 of 2016 concerning Settlement of Land Cases there are rules on how to revoke certificates of ownership based on court decisions that have permanent legal force. Object of research is how the to cancel the certificates of land based on court decisions that have permanent legal force, then the legal status of certificates of ownership rights that have not been canceled based on decisions that have permanent legal force. The cancellation certificates of land based on court decisions that have legal force must still be carried out based on the qualifications of Article 49 of Law Number 11 of 2016. The legal reason for refusing to cancel the certificate is to be qualified according to Article 49 paragraph 2 and Article 58 of Law Number 11 In 2016. The status of the certificate that has not been canceled, then legally formally it still belongs to the party listed on the certificate so that legally transferring rights can still be carried out on behalf of the parties listed on the certificate. The suggestion in this research is that the process of canceling the certificate is by requesting the determination of the court to cancel the certificate contained in the object of the case so that a formal juridical cancellation can be carried out at the Land Office based on Law No. 11 of 2016.
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors: Expanding Indications for Corneal and Ocular Surface Inflammation
Authors: Ghasemi Hamed , Djalilian Ali
Published: October 2019

This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract.
Topical Tacrolimus as an adjunct to Conventional Therapy for Stromal Herpetic Keratitis: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Akbari Mitra , Soltani Moghadam Reza , Elmi Ramin , Nosrati Amir , Taghiabadi Ehsan , Aghdami Nasser
Published: October 2019

Purpose: This study investigates the effects of 0.05% topical tacrolimus as an adjunct therapy for patients with non-necrotizing herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK).
Methods: Patients with non-necrotizing HSK, referred to the Cornea Clinic at Hospital in Rasht, Iran, between September 2016 and February 2018, were randomly assigned to two groups. The case group (N = 25) and the control group (N = 25) received conventional treatment with systemic acyclovir and topical prednisolone. The case group (N = 25) additionally received 0.05% tacrolimus eye drops four times a day for one month. Complete ocular examinations, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) assessment, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and photo slit lamp imaging, were performed before treatment, and 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after the intervention.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 46.2 ± 12.9 years, and 70% of the patients were male. There was no difference between the groups in terms of age, sex, and baseline ocular measurements (P > 0.05). The case group had a lower mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) for BCVA, lower grading scores, and steeper decreasing trends for corneal haziness, edema, neovascularization, and epitheliopathy compared to the control group after the second week (P < 0.05), while IOP remained unchanged between groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The addition of 0.05% topical tacrolimus enhances visual acuity and reduces corneal inflammation, neovascularization, and scarring; thus, it can used as an appropriate adjunct treatment for patients with HSK.
Efficacy, Safety and Steroid-sparing Effect of Topical Cyclosporine A 0.05% for Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis in Indian Children
Authors: Chatterjee Arkendu , Bandyopadhyay Sabyasachi , Kumar Bandyopadhyay Samir
Published: October 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and steroid-sparing effect of topical cyclosporine A (Cs A) 0.05% in patients with moderate to severe steroid dependent vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).
Methods: A prospective, comparative, placebo controlled study was carried out on 68 VKC patients, with 34 patients treated with topical Cs A 0.05% and the remaining 34 with topical carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5% (placebo). Both groups also received topical loteprednol etabonate 0.5%. Symptom (itching, photophobia, tearing, and discharge) score, sign (tarsal and limbal papillae, corneal involvement, and conjunctival hyperemia) score, and drug score (steroid drop usage/day/eye) were recorded at baseline and each followup visit. The intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement and evaluation of any ocular side effects were carried out.
Results: Significant reduction in symptom score and sign score was seen in both groups. Cs A group significantly showed more reduction in symptom (P < 0.0001 in all follow-up visits) and sign (P < 0.0001 in all follow-up visits) scores compared to the placebo group. At day 7, mean steroid usage reduced from 4 to 3.44 ± 0.5 and 3.79 ± 0.4 in Cs A and placebo groups, respectively (P < 0.0001). Steroid drops completely stopped in 21 patients at day 60 in the Cs A group compared to none in the placebo group. No significant rise in IOP or any side effects were noted in either group.
Conclusion: Topical Cs A 0.05% is effective and safe in patients with moderate to severe VKC with good steroid-sparing effect.
Changes in Corneal Asphericity after MyoRing Implantation in Moderate and Severe Keratoconus
Authors: Khorrami-Nejad Masoud , Aghili Ozra , Hashemian Hesam , Aghazadeh-Amiri Mohamad , Khosravi Bahram
Published: October 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of MyoRing implantation on corneal asphericity in moderate and severe keratoconus (KCN).
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study comprised 32 eyes of 28 patients with KCN, who had femtosecond-assisted MyoRing corneal implantation. The primary outcome measures were preoperative and six-month postoperative corneal asphericity in 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, and 10-mm optical zones in the superior, inferior, nasal, temporal, and central areas. The secondary outcome measures included uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, thinnest location value, and keratometry readings.
Results: A significant improvement in the UDVA and CDVA was observed six months after the surgery (P < 0.001) with a significant reduction in the spherical (4.67 diopters (D)) and cylindrical (2.19 D) refractive errors. A significant reduction in the corneal asphericity in all the optical zones and in the superior, inferior, nasal, temporal, and central areas was noted (P < 0.001). The mean thickness at the thinnest location of the cornea decreased from 437.15 ± 30.69 to 422.81 ± 36.91 μm. A significant corneal flattening was seen. The K1, K2, and Km changes were 5.32 D, 7 D, and 6.17 D, respectively (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: MyoRing implantation is effective for improving corneal asphericity in patients with KCN. It allows successful corneal remodeling and provides a significant improvement in UDVA, CDVA, and refractive errors.