bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Choosing EMI Schools: A Case Study of Parental Decisions and Shifting Language Ideologies in Indonesia
Authors: Maharani Anisa Frisca , Nurkamto Joko , Adi Putra Kristian
Published: January 2025

The rise of English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) schools reflects a global trend driven by the increasing demand for English proficiency in non-native English-speaking countries. This study investigates the factors driving Indonesian parents’ decisions to enrol their children in English Medium Instruction (EMI) schools, focusing on the interplay of socioeconomic status, shifting language ideologies, and cultural preservation. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research captures the nuanced motivations of parents from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, uncovering how aspirations for global success and fears of cultural erosion shape educational choices. The findings reveal that parents of high socioeconomic status view EMI schools as strategic investments for international opportunities, while lower socioeconomic groups balance affordability with a commitment to cultural identity. Shifting language ideologies highlight the prioritization of English as a global asset, often at the expense of local languages, generating tensions between economic aspirations and cultural preservation. These insights underline the urgent need for policies integrating multilingual education, equitable access to EMI schools, and promoting linguistic diversity. This study contributes to the discourse on globalization, education, and cultural sustainability in multilingual contexts by addressing these dynamics.
How ML transforms drug discovery
Authors: Kallol Kanti Mondal  , Daniel Lucky Michael  , Pabitra Mandal
Published: January 2025

The process of drug discovery focuses on identifying novel compounds with specific chemical properties to treat various diseases. In recent years, the field has increasingly incorporated computational techniques, driven by the rapid rise of machine learning technologies and their widespread accessibility. With the goals outlined by the Precision Medicine initiative and the emerging challenges in drug discovery, there is a growing need for robust, standardized, and reproducible computational methodologies to meet these objectives. Machine learning-based predictive models have become particularly significant in the early stages of drug development, prior to preclinical studies, offering the potential to significantly reduce both costs and research timelines. This review article explores the application of these advanced methodologies in recent research, providing insights into the current state of the field. By examining recent advancements, it aims to shed light on the future direction of cheminformatics, its limitations, and the positive outcomes achieved so far.
The skin’s role in immunity
Authors: Rohan G. Ajabe  , Ankush M. Lonkar  , Vaibhav G. Akhand  , Vinayak A. Katekar  , Swati P. Deshmukh
Published: January 2025

The skin serves as a crucial barrier in the immune system, playing a pivotal role in protecting the body from pathogens. As the largest organ, it provides a physical and chemical barrier against infections while housing various immune cells that contribute to both innate and adaptive immunity. Keratinocytes, the primary cells of the epidermis, produce antimicrobial peptides and cytokines that enhance immune responses. Additionally, specialized immune cells, such as Langerhans cells and dermal dendritic cells, act as sentinels, capturing and presenting antigens to T cells. This interaction initiates immune responses that are essential for long-term protection. Furthermore, the skin's microbiome contributes to immune regulation and homeostasis, influencing inflammatory responses and pathogen resistance. Understanding the skin's multifaceted role in immunity is vital for developing therapeutic strategies against skin-related disorders and systemic diseases. The skin plays a fundamental role in the immune system, acting as the first line of defense against environmental threats, including pathogens, toxins, and physical injuries. As the body's largest organ, it serves both a physical barrier and a dynamic interface for immune responses. The epidermis, composed mainly of keratinocytes, produces antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and cytokines, which are critical for early immune defense. These substances inhibit microbial growth and initiate inflammatory responses.In addition to keratinocytes, the skin contains specialized immune cells, such as Langerhans cells, dermal dendritic cells, and macrophages. Langerhans cells, located in the epidermis, play a crucial role in antigen presentation, capturing pathogens and migrating to lymph nodes to activate T cells. Dermal dendritic cells complement this function, facilitating the communication between innate and adaptive immunity
Metabolizable energy and nitrogen retention of ration of super native chicken contains fermented catfish waste
Authors: Abun Abun  , Rendi R.O. Putra  , Kiki Haetami  , Rahmad Fani Ramadhan
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to explore fermented catfish waste product (FCWP) by microbes L. paracasei, B. subtilis, and S. cerevisiae as a substitute for fishmeal with observations on metabolizable energy and nitrogen retention of the ration. The study used 24 14-week-old Super Native Chickens which were kept for 14 days. The experimental design used was a Complete Random Design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates. The treatments given were: R0 (basal ration, 15% protein and ME 2,750 kcal/kg); R1 (basal ration, containing 5% FCWP); R2 (basal ration, containing 10% FCWP); R3 (basal ration, containing 15% FCWP); R4 (basal ration, containing 20% FCWP); and RS (Ration, 18% protein and ME 2,750 kcal/kg). The results showed that the addition of FCWP by consortium microbes had a real effect (P<0.05) on metabolizable energy and nitrogen retention. The use of FCWP, as much as 10% in the ration formula, provides the highest metabolizable energy and nitrogen retention value in Super Native Chickens.
Dried leaf litters: A nature’s gift for germination and growth diversity in seeds
Authors: Arya Arun M  , Sandhya P
Published: January 2025

Plants modify their biotic and abiotic soil environment, which in turn has a major influence on subsequent plant growth also referred to as plant-soil feedback. Allelopathy is a Biological interaction, by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that Influence the germination, growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms. The possible application of allelopathy in agriculture is the subject of much research. Depending on the plant, allelopathic substances can be released from a plant’s flowers, leaves, leaf debris and leaf mulch, stems, bark, roots, or soil surrounding the roots. The pollution free environment is essential for sustaining life of all living being on the earth. Eco friendly farming has emerged as the only answer to bring sustainability to agriculture. The present investigation was carried out on the effect of easily available organic degradable leaf litters of Mangifera Indica, Artocarpus heterophylla, Macaranga peltata and Heavea braziliensis considered as treatment materials against the pulses Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Macrotyloma uniflorum and Coriandrum sativum as test materials.
The strengthening Pancasila values in the era of disruption
Authors: Nanang Jayani
Published: January 2025

Formulation research of this problem is how to strengthen Pancasila values ​​in the era of disruption. The aim of this study is to find out the strengthening of Pancasila values ​​in the era of disruption. This is descriptive qualitative research, using a model or method for analyzing data. Qualitative analysis itself has the nature of revealing clear and in-depth phenomena. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions or verification. The research subjects were 5th semester students of Civic Education Islamic University of Ogan Komering Ilir Kayuagung. The conclusion of this research is that there is an important point that strengthening Pancasila values ​​in the era of disruption is in accordance with the prevailing values ​​and in accordance with the vision and mission of Pancasila education in higher education. As well as prioritizing education for students so that they remain in line with the values ​​of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as stated in Law No. 20 of 2003 concerning the goals of national education. The implications of strengthening Pancasila values ​​are implemented in national and state life and strengthening Pancasila as the nation's ideology and basic philosophy of the State, developing students' Pancasila character, providing understanding and appreciation of Pancasila values, preparing students to analyze and find solutions to problems of national and state life.
Childhood trauma and gaming addiction: A systematic exploration of their association and impact
Authors: Chitra M.B  , Trishala D  , Asmita Jain  , Manoj K Pandey
Published: January 2025

This review article provides a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between childhood trauma and gaming addiction, drawing on extensive research spanning psychology, psychiatry, and social sciences. Examining studies published between 2000 and 2023, the review emphasizes the pervasive impact of childhood trauma on mental and physical health outcomes. It delves into diverse forms of childhood trauma, encompassing physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, and witnessing domestic violence, illuminating their profound implications for individuals' well-being. Additionally, the review elucidates the enduring consequences of childhood trauma on mental health, including the development of disorders such as PTSD and depression, and its intricate influence on interpersonal relationships and emotional and behavioral regulation. The article also explores the global prevalence of gaming addiction, its association with physical and mental health issues, and the complex interplay between childhood trauma and gaming addiction. Through a synthesis of research findings, this review underscores the necessity of trauma-informed interventions and targeted support systems for individuals affected by these interconnected challenges.
Synthesis and Identification of New Derivatives of 1H-benzo[f]indole-2,3-dione
Authors: Intisar Obaid Salman Alfatlawi
Published: January 2025

This study synthesizes and identifies novel heterocyclic compounds derived from 1H-benzo[f]indole-2,3-dione. The target compounds were synthesized through Schiff base reactions, utilizing 1H-benzo[f]indole-2,3-dione as the core substrate. The reaction pathways were optimized to enhance yield and selectivity. Comprehensive structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds was performed using spectroscopic techniques, including NMR, FTIR, and mass spectrometry, confirming the successful formation of the desired heterocyclic frameworks. Additionally, preliminary studies were conducted to evaluate the potential applications of these compounds in medicinal chemistry and materials science.
Health care facility system: A block level analysis of Uttar Dinajpur District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Shantanu Paul  , Sushma Rohatgi
Published: January 2025

Human health has long been seen as one of the most important measures of human progress. The general health of a population is a good indicator of the quality of health-care services offered in that location. In recent years, there has been renewed emphasis on efficiency in resource utilization in the healthcare sector. Most studies in the Indian context have focused on block level analysis. This paper explores block level health system efficiency in the district of Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal. The analysis estimates the efficiency of the healthcare system at the block level using district-level data for 2017-2018. The goal of this study is to examine several aspects of health-care facilities in order to determine the state of the health-care system in the Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal, India. To do so, the Health Care Facility Index (HCFI) is calculated to assess the district's total health care situation. The Raiganj block in Uttar Dinajpur district has a higher average HCFI rating (0.9452) than the Itahar CD block (0.0625). There is a substantial difference in performance between the most efficient block of Raiganj and the least efficient block of Itahar, resulting from inadequate utilization of available health care resources. The study also identifies complementarities of private health care resources and the role of other factors, such as Health Care Institution Population Ratio (HCIPR), Bed Population Ratio (BPR), Doctor Population Ratio (DPR), Doctor Health Care Institution Ratio (DHCIR) and Bed Health Care Institution Ratio (BHCIR). The results suggest a need for better utilization of budgetary resources, both under the state department of health and the National Rural Health Mission, to increase health manpower and improve quality through training and better management resources in order to improve district health systems in Uttar Dinajpur.
A study on evaluation of farmland quality in Beijing city: A path towards agricultural sustainability
Authors: Abubakar Sadiq Lawi  , Zhang Shiwen  , Evoundou Gigi Norgie  , Yari Kate Dazagbyilo
Published: January 2025

Farmland quality is a critical determinant of agricultural productivity and sustainability. This study evaluates the farmland quality in Beijing City by analyzing key soil properties and environmental factors, including organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH, and salinity. Using geospatial and statistical analyses, the study identifies spatial patterns and correlations among soil characteristics, providing insights into areas requiring improvement for sustainable agricultural practices. The findings serve as a roadmap for policymakers and stakeholders to enhance soil health and ensure food security.
Evaluate the bacteriological characteristics of certain water treatment facilities in Kirkuk city
Authors: Tawoos Mohammed Kamel Ahmed  , Sameerah Faydhallah Mohammed  , Najdat Bahjat Mahdi
Published: January 2025

The present study aims to evaluation the bacteriological characteristics of several water treatment plants in Kirkuk City. Four plant water treatments were chosen in different regions of Kirkuk City. The water samples were attained from the distributed network. 1L of water samples was collected monthly (6 months) from August 2020 until January 2021. The results showed that the total Coliform and faecal coli form values ranged between 0-51 X103 cell/100ml in Al-Kadhimiya, Al Shajarah, AL Basal and Abu al-Jess, where the highest value was recorded in October for Al-Kadhimiya, while the lowest value in August for Al Shajarah. The faecal Streptococcus values ranged between 0-25 X103 cell/100ml in Al-Kadhimiya, Al Shajarah, AL Basal and Abu al-Jess, where the highest value was recorded in August for AL Basal, while the lowest value in January for Al- Kadhimiya. It concluded that the bacteria parameters exceeded the international and Iraqi national standards and limits of water quality. These parameters include several total Coliform, faecal coli form and faecal Streptococcus. It concluded that the water in some areas of Kirkuk suffers from high bacterial pollution, which makes the water unfit for drinking, and that there is pollution with sewage water and raw water.
Assessing the impact of natural ventilation on indoor air quality in residential buildings: A Case Study in Dhaka
Authors: Farhana Ahmed  , Sarder Mohammad Hafijur Rahman
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the impact of natural ventilation on indoor air quality (IAQ) in residential buildings in Dhaka, focusing on the concentration of formaldehyde (HCHO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly toluene. Utilizing an experimental-comparative approach, the study measures IAQ under two ventilation conditions: "Natural Ventilation OPEN" (windows, balcony doors, and exhaust systems operational) and "Natural Ventilation CLOSE" (sealed indoor environment). Data was collected across 12 sessions over three months (May to July 2024), using IAQ Process Test Methods prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Measurements included temperature, humidity, formaldehyde, and toluene concentrations in living rooms and adjacent balconies. Results revealed that natural ventilation significantly improved IAQ, with pollutant concentrations reduced by approximately 40% during the summer months. However, variations in ventilation rates (0.3–0.8 times/h) did not significantly affect IAQ, suggesting that external environmental factors, such as outdoor air quality and seasonal changes, played a more critical role. The study also analyzed the effects of different ventilation configurations, including supply/exhaust duct systems and heat exchanger types. While all systems demonstrated moderate improvements in IAQ, natural ventilation was the most effective in reducing pollutant levels, particularly formaldehyde and toluene. This research highlights the importance of natural ventilation in mitigating indoor air pollution in Dhaka's tropical climate. However, unexpected spikes in pollutant levels and minimal differences across ventilation systems suggest the need for further investigation into alternative strategies, building materials, and environmental conditions to optimize IAQ. These findings provide valuable guidance for architects, policymakers, and residents in designing healthier, energy-efficient residential buildings while addressing IAQ challenges in urban settings
Correlational analysis of the trend of vegetation abundance and temperature (1982-2020) in the ecological zones of Bayelsa and Rivers States, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Edwin Oche Ogbole  , Akuro Ephraim Gobo  , Sodienye Augustine Abere  , Augusta Ayotamuno
Published: January 2025

The study examined the correlational analysis of the trend of vegetation abundance and temperature (1982-2020) in the ecological zones of Bayelsa and Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nigeria. The study made use of MODIS and Landsat imageries for the extraction of the vegetation health values while the temperature data from NIMET were extrapolated using Inverse Distance Weighted from which the unsampled places were provided with the data. Both the descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for study. Findings revealed generally that air temperature had the maximum of 31.39°C from 1982 to 2020 while vegetation abundance was higher in 1982, 1985, 1990. The maximum air temperature in the rainforest was 31.37°C, freshwater swamp was 31.40°C and mangrove was 31.36°C. The mean vegetation abundance was higher in the 3 ecological zones in 1982 while it reduced in 2020 and the mean vegetation abundance was 0.5085 in the entire study area. Air temperature continued to increase over the years at the rate of 0.1684°C and the time (years) contributed 31.33% to the variation. The analysis also shows that air temperature increased at the rate of 0.1837°C over the years under mangrove ecological zone and the time contributed 36.35% to the variation of air temperature. Under the rainforest, it is discovered that vegetation abundance continued to decrease at the rate of 0.0348 mm over the years and 83.16% of the variation could be accountable for by the years. The air temperature negatively and significantly correlated with vegetation abundance (r=-0.522; p<0.05). The study concluded that the vegetation abundance under the rainforest was the highest and there is a significant variation in the vegetation abundance across the rainforest, freshwater swamp and mangrove. Also, the air temperature in fresh water swamp was highest and followed by that of the rainforest. It is thus recommended that all activities that could contribute to the rise in the air temperature which can lead to global warming such as illegal crude oil refining should be absolutely abolished. Climate change campaign should be continually encouraged.
Molecular analysis of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical and environmental sources at Uniosun teaching hospital Osogbo
Authors: Adeyemo Rashidat Abolore  , Itunuoluwa Oyelayo  , Adeola Ayanyinka  , Olawumi Ayobami Otutu  , Titilayo Adenike Olayinka  , Olowe Rita Ayanbolade  , Olayinka Opaleye  , Olusola Ojurongbe  , Olugbenga Olowe
Published: January 2025

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant public health concern due to its ubiquity and ability to cause severe infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Its intrinsic resistance and propensity to develop multidrug resistance exacerbate treatment challenges. This study investigated antibiotic resistance patterns and the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes in P. aeruginosa isolates from clinical and environmental sources.
Objectives: The study aimed to determine antibiotic resistance patterns, multidrug resistance prevalence, and the occurrence of ESBL genes (blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM) in P. aeruginosa isolates.
Methods: A total of 150 swab samples from clinical and environmental sources were collected from UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, between July and December 2022. Isolation and identification of P. aeruginosa were performed using cetrimide agar and standard diagnostic tests. Antibiotic resistance was evaluated using the disc diffusion method, and ESBL gene detection was conducted using PCR. Data were analyzed and presented as tables and percentages.
Results: Among 100 P. aeruginosa isolates, 66.7% were multidrug-resistant. Clinical isolates exhibited the highest resistance to ciprofloxacin, ticarcillin, and aztreonam (82%) and the lowest resistance to imipenem (22%). Environmental isolates showed similar trends, with aztreonam and ticarcillin resistance at 76% and the lowest resistance to imipenem (38%). ESBL genes blaTEM and blaSHV were detected in 5.4% of isolates, while no isolate was positive for blaCTX-M.
Conclusions: The high prevalence of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and β-lactamase-producing strains highlights the urgent need for targeted antibiotic development and strict hygiene protocols in healthcare settings.
The impact of air pollution on living things and Environment: A review of the current evidence
Authors: Kumbha Ram Mahala
Published: January 2025

Everything is impacted by air pollution. It affects the environment by creating acid rain, obstructing sunlight, decreasing visibility, and damaging agriculture, wildlife, and forests. It is also bad for our health. Because it affects not just climate change but also public and individual health by increasing illness and death, air pollution is one of the biggest scourges of our day. The impacts of air pollution on health are numerous. The high hospitalization rates, asthma, respiratory diseases, coughing, wheezing, kidney failure, shortness of breath, and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) are all strongly associated with short-term exposure to air pollution. Numerous contaminants are significant contributors to living things. These include Particulate Matter (PM), which are particles with varying but extremely small diameters that enter the respiratory system through inhalation and can lead to cancer, reproductive and cardiovascular disorders, and malfunctions of the central nervous system and reproductive system. In addition, air pollutants that are detrimental to people include sulfur dioxide (S02 ), nitrogen oxide, dioxins, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). High concentrations of carbon monoxide can potentially cause immediate poisoning. Depending on exposure, heavy metals like lead and mercury can cause either chronic intoxication or direct poisoning when absorbed into the human body.
People who live in big cities are primarily impacted by air pollution, as traffic emissions are the primary cause of the deterioration in air quality. Additionally, there is the risk of industrial mishaps, in which the local population may perish due to the spread of a poisonous fog. Wind and atmospheric stability are two of the many factors that affect how pollutants spread. National and international organizations must confront the rise of this threat and offer long-term remedies; the only way to handle this issue is through public awareness combined with a multidisciplinary approach by scientific professionals.
Air pollution has become a significant issue on a global scale. When large quantities of harmful substances fill the atmosphere, the air becomes contaminated. These toxic substances can originate from both human activities and natural sources. This study outlines the factors that contribute to air pollution. It also addresses the consequences, such as health issues, environmental challenges, and economic repercussions. Furthermore, the article highlights the harmful components associated with pollution and presents strategies for reducing these elements in the air. The discussion encompasses environmental changes, health effects, economic variations, and climate shifts.
AI-powered provider profiling: enhancing healthcare network efficiency and transparency
Authors: Chandra Prakash Singh
Published: January 2025

Healthcare networks grapple with the complexities of managing vast, disparate provider data while ensuring efficient operations and maintaining high-quality patient care. AI-powered provider profiling offers a transformative solution, leveraging advanced machine learning and data integration techniques to unify provider data, track affiliations, and enhance network reliability. This white paper explores the application of AI models in provider profiling, the integration of Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) standards to ensure interoperability, and the resultant impact on patient care delivery. By addressing key challenges and providing actionable insights, this paper outlines a future-forward roadmap for healthcare systems striving to achieve greater transparency, efficiency, and patient-centric outcomes.
Strategic leadership development in Bengaluru's ITS ecosystem: A focused study
Authors: Sowmya CU  , Chandrakala VG  , Nagesha HG
Published: January 2025

In the dynamic landscape of Bangalore's IT sector, leadership development practices have emerged as critical drivers for sustaining organizational success in a rapidly evolving industry. This study investigates the impact of demographic factors—such as professional roles and years of experience—on the effectiveness of leadership development programs. Data collected from 267 IT professionals and leaders through a structured survey revealed significant correlations between these factors and leadership growth, highlighting the importance of customized strategies in program design. Employing descriptive analysis and factor analysis, the research emphasizes the pivotal roles of transformative leadership, ethical principles, and effective communication in team collaboration and strategic decision-making.
The findings identify key gaps in existing leadership practices and propose targeted approaches for improvement, with a focus on fostering inclusivity, adaptability, and innovation. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of addressing industry-specific challenges and enhancing leadership competencies to navigate dynamic market conditions. This research contributes to the understanding of leadership development as a strategic asset in achieving organizational competitiveness and long-term sustainability.
Perception of consumers toward celebrity endorsements of students at Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, San Isidro Campus
Authors: Noemi C. Vega  , Ysmael G. Pascual  , Jessa C. Dela Cruz  , Penelope Yvonne S. Liwag  , Ilyn Jane S. Renia  , Jayr DC. Santos  , Daniella Rose F. Vicencio
Published: January 2025

Background and objectives: Celebrity endorsements have emerged as a common tactic in marketing and advertising that manipulates the fame and influence of well-known people to promote products and services. The idea is that these celebrities can influence how people feel about a brand and encourage them to make purchases. The objective of this study focuses on understanding students’ thoughts and feelings about celebrity endorsements and how these might affect their buying choices. The study will describe the respondents based on their demographic profile to examine the differences in perception of various student group. In addition, this study will explore the factors affecting students’ views to understand their opinions on celebrity endorsements. Moreover, this study will examine the impact of celebrity endorsements on brand credibility and awareness.
Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive method. Researchers used structured survey as a research instrument for collecting the data. Specifically, a total of 30 students from NEUST San Isidro Campus are selected participants of the survey. Along with primary data, the researchers also made use of secondary resources in the form of published articles and literatures to support the results.
Findings: The findings showed that 43% of the respondents agree and 30% strongly agree that celebrity endorsements can make the products look trendy. Indicating that it can be an effective marketing tool because celebrities have diverse fan bases and cause great influence so they are often tied with their endorsed products. In addition to this, 23 out of 30 are more likely to purchase a product endorsed by a famous celebrity. The study also reveals that positive reviews on a product endorsed by a celebrity can influence consumer trust to buy the product which scored a weighted mean of 3.13 being the highest in the factors under product reviews on celebrity endorsements, and followed by 3.03 weighted mean indicating that consumers are more likely to trust the product if the celebrity endorser not only promotes but also use those products. Furthermore, the factor in which consumer compare the price of celebrity endorsed product with non-endorsed before purchasing scored a weighted mean of 3 presents that students agree with this aspect.
Conclusion: The result of the study shows that celebrity endorsements play a significant role in making a product desirable, increase brand awareness, improve brand image or stand out from competitors, and build trust and credibility to consumer.
Dynamic optimization in aerospace structures and systems
Authors: Preity Gonzales
Published: January 2025

Dynamic optimization is pivotal in the aerospace industry, addressing challenges posed by complex, high-dimensional systems and unpredictable operational conditions. This paper investigates the integration of predictive modeling techniques to enhance dynamic optimization in aerospace structures and systems. Key methodologies include sensitivity analysis, nonlinear model predictive control, and data-driven approaches, each tailored to improve system robustness, reliability, and real-time adaptability. Case studies illustrate the efficacy of these techniques in optimizing spacecraft trajectories, enhancing predictive maintenance, and fortifying structural designs against uncertainties. Despite significant advancements, challenges persist, particularly in scalability and integrating emerging technologies like AI and IoT. This study underscores the transformative potential of predictive modeling for aerospace optimization, advocating for further research to unlock innovations in system performance, safety, and efficiency.
Ecofeminism In Zainab Novel By Husain Haikal
Authors: Cahya Intan Aulia , Zawawi Moh.
Published: January 2025

This research aims to find out the elements of ecofeminism in the novel Zainab by Husain Haikal and the relation of women through nature in the perspective of Ecofeminism. Nature basically has an important role in the survival of living things, especially humans. Nature is considered a producer that can provide results to support the progress of an ecosystem and personal needs. The study of ecofeminism talks about the elements of the relationship between nature and women in a literary work such as a novel or others. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, the primary source in this research is a novel entitled Zainab by Husain Haikal, while the secondary source is a previous study similar to the theory of ecofeminism. Data collection techniques in this research use document analysis techniques; read and record, while data analysis techniques use the Miles and Huberman model which consists of three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study show that women and nature have a pure closeness from the point of view of Ecofeminism. The representation of human closeness to nature is found in the form of exploitation of women, patriarchal power and the relationship between nature and women.
Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa dengan Menggunakan Media Digital (YouTube dan Game Online) pada Materi Literasi Digital untuk Kemajuan Bangsa di SMP Sunan Giri Kota Probolinggo
Authors: Dzaky Isyuniandri  , Alfiatus Syarofah  , Halimah Halimah  , Indani Khoirun Nisak  , Syamriba Ardila
Published: January 2025

This Classroom Action Research (PTK) was motivated by the low interest of students in Civics subjects. This is thought to be due to a lack of adequate reference sources, which makes students have to write a lot of study material which then makes them feel bored and boring. This Classroom Action Research (PTK) aims to increase student motivation and learning outcomes by using digital media (YouTube and Online Games) on the material "Digital Literacy for Student Progress" at Sunan Giri Middle School,  Probolinggo City.  The benefits  of Classroom  Action Research  (PTK) are:  it can provide information about the causes of students' low interest in Civics subjects as well as ways to increase student motivation. Classroom Action Research (PTK) can provide greater opportunities for students to gain knowledge by using media. digital in the learning process, so that it has an impact on improving student learning outcomes, besides that it can also be used as input material in an effort to increase  student  motivation and learning outcomes  in  Civics subjects.  Thus,  students' interest in learning about Civics subjects increases. Classroom Action Research consists of 2 cycles. Data from this research was obtained from teachers (observers) and students through observation, tests and documentation. Based on research data from cycle I to cycle II, data was obtained that students' interest and learning outcomes in the learning process through digital media (YouTube and Online Games) had increased significantly from previous learning which used the summarizing method. So the conclusion is that the application of digital media (YouTube and Online Games) can increase student interest and learning outcomes in Civics subjects at Sunan Giri Middle School, Probolinggo City.
Gaya Belajar Gen Alpha di Era Digital
Authors: Ronny Gunawan  , Maya Zaina Billah  , Rosiani Silalahi  , Henrik Tuka
Published: January 2025

This research examines the learning styles of the alpha generation in the digital era, the alpha generation is a generation consisting of children and born after 2010, the alpha generation is very close to the world of technology and digital, they grow and develop with digital devices such as smartphones and computers. This research aims to find out the learning style of the alpha generation, including their tendency in online learning media, digital learning methods, as well as the importance of the role of parents and teachers in guiding the wise use of technology. The results of this study show that Generation Alpha tends to be interactive towards technology-related learning media and methods such as animation, audio media, educational games, learning apps, and virtual reality (VR). They are very responsive to digital information that is presented visually and auditory that is interesting and easily accessible. The research also found that the role of teachers and parents is very important in guiding and directing the Alpha generation in utilizing technology optimally, so that they can develop their ability to obtain information, use technology, and balanced social-emotional skills.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Pembelajaran Multiplatform dengan Desain Mobile dan Desktop Untuk Mendukung Pendidikan Moderen
Authors: Taufik Afandi  , Khasan Nuzaki  , Rahmat Kamal
Published: January 2025

Learning applications are very important in facilitating access to education, supporting independent learning, and increasing the effectiveness of the learning process with interactive features. This article aims to discuss the development of multiplatform learning applications with designs that support mobile and desktop devices as an effort to increase effectiveness and flexibility in modern education. The research approach involves analyzing user needs, designing user-centered design (UCD)-based interfaces, and testing application functionality on various devices. The research method used in this article is research and development. The results of the study indicate that multiplatform applications can increase user engagement and provide wider access to digital learning. This article also reviews the design of mobile and desktop applications, concepts, designs and prototypes, and implementation in relevant learning
Design thinking for digital levy
Authors: Agustin Rista Reza Virzinia , Mufidah Ilma , Martini Sri , Caesaron Dino
Published: January 2025

A market levy is a type of general service levy collected from traders to cover the costs of using market facilities and obtaining permits from the local government. The benefit of implementing digital levy payment is that the levy payment service can be accessed online, facilitating payment transactions for traders. However, the researchers observed issues in the Trade Sector of the West Bandung Regency’s Department of Industry and Trade, particularly regarding the inefficient collection of market levies. Using a digital fee collection system can reduce several risks for the government, such as preventing leakage of fees that generally occurs with manual collection, errors in refunds and calculations, and providing protection during cash collection. The implementation of this digital levy aims to maximize Regional Original Revenue and reorganize the market system. This digital payment system was designed using the design thinking method. The design thinking method has effectively helped identify user needs and create solutions. The usability testing results using the Useberry application for the West Bandung Industry and Trade Office’s levy application received positive responses, as all 10 respondents of end users completed the tasks given. Furthermore, the 26 UEQ items were grouped into six categories. The assessment of the six categories is generated good scores. Based on this, the user experience of the West Bandung Industry and Trade Office’s levy application can be categorized as good.
Impact of Enrichment of Metabolic Cages with Ball-Shaped Shelters in Studies of Protein Metabolism in Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Lærke Helle Nygaard , Ternman Emma Matilda , Stødkilde Lene , Herskin Mette S
Published: January 2025

Housing in metabolic cages for quantitative collection of urine and feces is necessary for nitrogen (N) metabolism studies but may have negative consequences for rat welfare. We hypothesized that providing shelters in metabolic cages would affect the rats’ behavior and reduce the precision of measuring N metabolism. Forty-eight growing male Sprague–Dawley rats were housed in metabolic cages for 9 d, constituting 4 d of adaptation and 5 d for quantitative measurement of feed intake and urine and feces excretion. Using a 2-factorial approach, half of the rats were fed a soybean meal diet, and the other half were fed a diet based on green protein (GP). Half of the rats in each dietary group were provided a ball-shaped shelter in their metabolic cage, and the other half had no shelter (n = 12 per treatment). Video recordings of rat location (cage floor, feed tube, or shelter) were performed on days −3 (adaptation period), 1, and 4 (collection period). Dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) digestibility were determined based on DM and N intake and fecal excretion. N metabolism was calculated based on additional measurements of urinary N excretion. The rats used the shelter primarily during the daytime and spent less time in the feed tube during the day than during the night (P = 0.0002). For rats without shelter, there was no difference between day and night in their presence in the feed tube (P = 0.94). The shelters did not interfere with measurements of feed intake, fecal DM, N excretion, or any of the derived N-metabolism-associated responses. There was also no significant effect on the variation associated with the estimated values, and no differences in contamination were detected visually or by rinsing the shelters. We conclude that using ball-shaped shelters to enrich metabolic cages is not a major risk of biocontamination and may improve the rats’ welfare.
Investigation of Food Marking and Contamination Behaviors Informs Feeding Practice in Research Colonies of Laboratory Opossums
Authors: Lanier Abbigail L , Schemera Bettina , Rynders Patricia E , Kendall Trisha , Petrofski Myra , Spooner Jennifer , Samollow Paul B , VandeBerg John L , Wang Xu
Published: January 2025

The laboratory opossum, Monodelphis domestica, serves as a critical marsupial model in biomedical research. Proper feeding approaches are essential for promoting animal growth and wellbeing. In this study, we systematically evaluated food scattering and potential food contamination from feces across 4 feeding methods: direct placement of food pellets on bedding and using 3 different types of containers. We conducted timed daily observations of food scattering and marking behaviors in 22 animals, capturing images by photograph at specific intervals over the course of a week. Body weight was measured before and after the trial. Our findings revealed that the containers did not prevent food scattering behaviors, as evidenced by comparable survival curves for food scattering across all methods (P > 0.05, log-rank test). Although the paper tray and ceramic dish delayed the occurrence of food marking by feces, indicated by a significant extension in the time to marking events (P = 0.009 and P < 0.001, respectively), these containers introduced new animal welfare concerns. The paper tray increased bleeding incidents in digits and paw pads nearly 8-fold (P = 0.0002), presumably due to sharp edges. The ceramic dish was associated with urine marking, and small but statistically significant weight loss (0.7%, P < 0.05). By 144 h, all cages showed food contamination regardless of the feeding method. The results suggest that containers provide minimal benefit in preventing food contamination, and some types of containers may pose health risks. Therefore, we propose that placing food pellets directly on the bedding, a practice used for 45 y of laboratory opossum maintenance, is acceptable for promoting optimal health and operational efficiency for this species. Our results fill a significant gap in care practices and offer insights into optimal colony management for this important research model.
A Prospective Assessment of the Etiology of Murine Dystocia
Authors: Cheleuitte-Nieves Christopher , Ritter Amanda , Palillo Michael B , Miranda Ileana C , Carrasco Sebastian E , Monette Sébastien , Atmane Mohamed I , Lipman Neil S
Published: January 2025

Dystocia, a common murine reproductive condition, is classified as either obstructive, a result of fetal factors such as an oversized fetus, or functional, a result of dam factors such as advanced age. Treatment is based on the dam’s clinical condition and the underlying etiology, but usually requires euthanasia. A prospective study was conducted to characterize the etiology of murine dystocia to determine if treatment is warranted. The signalment and experimental, clinical, and breeding histories were obtained, and a targeted serum chemistry panel, radiographs, and a gross necropsy were conducted on mice presenting with clinical signs consistent with dystocia. Obstructive dystocia was diagnosed if the pelvic canal width was less than the diameter of the fetal head closest to the cervix or a fetus was lodged in the pelvic canal. Functional dystocia was diagnosed based on clinicopathologic abnormalities. A total of 54 mice were evaluated over 7 mo with 45/54 (83%) confirmed to have dystocia with the remaining 9 (17%) having other reproductive abnormalities. Of the confirmed cases, 27/45 (60%) were C57BL/6 or on a C57BL/6 background, and the average age at presentation was 181 ± 85 d. The number of mice categorized as having an obstructive (n = 16) compared with a functional (n = 11) dystocia was not significantly different than those in which the definitive category could not be ascertained (n = 18). Neither clinical signs nor clinical pathology were significantly different between mice categorized as having an obstructive compared with a functional dystocia. Hunched posture, lethargy, and vaginal discharge were the most common presentation. Azotemia (BUN: 66.6 ± 10.2 mg/dL, mean ± SE), hypoglycemia (96.11 ± 8.5 mg/dL), and hyperglobulinemia (3.13 ± 0.14 mg/dL) were common. Differentiating obstructive from functional dystocia could not be determined cageside with strong confidence.
The Effectiveness of Hypnobreastfeeding on the Success of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in Efforts to Prevent Stunting
Authors: Siburian Urhuhe Dena , Ritonga Paruhum Tiruon
Published: January 2025

Hypnobreastfeeding makes mothers feel calm, comfortable and happy so that the hormones prolactin and oxytocin increase which play a role in facilitating breast milk production. The hypnobreastfeeding technique increases mothers' confidence and motivation to breastfeed and carry out Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD). Improper implementation of IMD results in inadequate nutrition for babies at the start of life which can cause stunting. The results of the study show that babies who do not receive IMD have an impact on stunting. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of hypnobreastfeeding on the success of IMD. This type of research is Quasi Experimental with a case-control design. The sample consisted of 60 people, 30 people in each group, using a purposive sampling technique. The research was carried out in the working area of the Siatas Barita Community Health Center from March to September 2024. Bivariate data analysis used Independent Statistical Tests with a significance level of 95%. The success of implementing IMD in the case group was 86% (26 people) and in the control group was 53% (16 people). The results of the Independent Statistical Test, the p-value was 0.012 (α<0.05), meaning there was a difference in the effectiveness of hypnobreastfeeding on the success of IMD. It was concluded that hypnobreastfeeding was effective in the success of IMD. It is hoped that hypnobreastfeeding will be held in pregnant women's classes so that IMD can be successfully implemented as an effort to prevent stunting.

 

Keywords :Early Initiation of Breastfeeding, Hypnobreastfeeding, Stunting