bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGUJIAN FINANCING TO DEPOSIT RATIO (FDR) SEBAGAI MEDIASI ANTARA PEMBIAYAAN, NON PERFORMING FINANCING (NPF) DAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL PENDAPATAN OPERASIONAL (BOPO) TERHADAP LABA PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH INDONESIA
Authors: Lidyah Rika , Riski Oki Sania , Yo Putri Dwithia Chan , Agustina Tri
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of financing, non-performing financing (NPF) and operating income operating expenses (BOPO) on profits with financing to deposit ratio (FDR) as a mediating variable at Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The type of data used is secondary data with an external type. Sources of data in the form of annual financial reports (annual report) Islamic Commercial Bank. The number of samples of 7 companies with a sample determination method that is purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques used are the classical assumption test and path analysis. Research found that (1 ) financing has a significant negative effect on FDR, (2) NPF has no effect on FDR, (3) BOPO has a significant negative effect on FDR, (4) financing has a significant positive effect on earnings, (5) NPF has a significant negative effect on earnings, (6) BOPO has no effect on earnings, (7) FDR has a significant negative effect on earnings, (8) FDR mediates the effect of financing on earnings, (9) FDR does not mediate the effect of NPF on earnings and (10) FDR mediates the influence of BOPO on earnings.
“PRA BURRO SÓ FALTA PENA”: DESLOCAMENTO SUBJETIVO ATRAVÉS DE PROVÉRBIO
Authors: Ghiraldelo Claudete
Published: December 2020

The author examines some postulates about proverbs based on the theoretical framework of French Discourse Analysis and Lacanian psychoanalysis. For this purpose, the author discusses the use of proverbs based from the viewpoint of the listener.
GENERALIZAÇÃO DISCURSIVA E ENUNCIAÇÃO NAS CANTIGAS DE CONGADO EM MINAS GERAIS: UMA ABORDAGEM SEMIOLINGUÍSTICA
Authors: Morato Elisson
Published: December 2020

This paper studies the discursive generalizations in the congado songs of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais through the Discourse Analysis of French line. From the concept of discursive generalization, developed by Ali-Bouacha (1993, [2007] 2020) and by Moirand (1990), and throught the concepts of language competences, discursive strategies and enunciation, from the Semiolinguistic theory developed by Charaudeau (1983, [2000] 2020a, 2004a, 2004b, 2005a, 2005b, [2006] 2020b, 2008), we understand that discursive generalizations would be effects of meaning based on the assignation of this discourse to a meta-enunciator, building effects of universal truth. This procedure contributes for that a knowledge set forms the identity of a social group deeply identified with the Afro-Brazilian cultural traditions.
“MAS ELE NUNCA ME BATEU”: EFEITOS DE SENTIDO EM CIRCULAÇÃO NO NOME DE UMA PÁGINA DO INSTAGRAM
Authors: Alvares Jennifer , Cervo Larissa
Published: December 2020

Daily life consists in a multiple of practices that work between repetition and modification in words/attitudes, showing that there is no single and discursively individualized subject, cause they are positions inscribed in networks of affiliation of meanings, resonating effects. In Brazilian society, crystallized sayings circulate in the order of what has already been said, which are presented as discursive generics, meaning through the necessary relationship with the discursive memory. Seeking to reflect on one of these in relation to gender violence, we selected the page @maselenuncamebateu to analyze how the slip of the nomination inscribes a saying in other meanings, in the order of problematizing the formerly significant discursive functioning on violence(s)
MASCULINIZAÇÃO DA HOMOSSEXUALIDADE MASCULINA NO GRINDR: DISCURSOS SOBRE MASCULINIDADE E DISCRIÇÃO
Authors: Corrêa Júlia , Cruz Marcos
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to think about the modes of identification of male homossexual subjects, mainly those who defends the idea of masculinization of homossexual masculinity and discretion of feminility. These users acquired latency in relationship apps, which enact determinations about the potencialpartners bodies, although experience the ambiguities of identity differences calculation. Investigate the users of gay app Grindr, relating the narratives of two of them. As results, found that the body works as a deed by which are subscribed a series of oppositional pairs and works as a proof of masculinity impaired performance exercise and a projection of masculinization in the potencial-partners as a performative supplement.
Pengaruh Emotional branding Terhadap Loyalitas Konsumen (Customer Loyalty) di Perpustakaan Universitas Airlangga Surabaya
Authors: Srimulyo Koko , Mardiyah Aina
Published: December 2020

Kemajuan teknologi membuat banyak perubahan yang banyak menggeser dan menghilangkan fungsi pekerjaan serta institusi tertentu, tak terkecuali Perpustakaan. Menghadapi perkembangan jaman dengan kemutakhiran teknologi, perpustakaan harus meningkatkan layanan dengan menggunakan pendekatan emosional yang mampu mengikat pengguna (pemustaka) dan mempertahankan eksistensinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan pengaruh antara Emotional Branding terhadap loyalitas pengguna (pemustaka). Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif-ekplanatif, berusaha menjelaskan hubungan antar variabel independen dan dependen. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat adanya hubungan positif dan pengaruh yang signifikan antara emotional branding dan loyalitas.
GÊNESE E INSERÇÃO NA PAISAGEM DAS COURAÇAS FERRUGINOSAS (CANGAS) NO MACIÇO DA PEDRA RACHADA, QUADRILÁTERO FERRÍFERO, MG
Authors: Machado Henrique Amorim , Oliveira Fabio Soares de , Oliveira Cristiane Valéria de
Published: December 2020

A identificação de fácies de alteração é um instrumento importante para a compreensão da gênese de produtos do intemperismo. Quando associadas ao relevo, podem fornecer relevantes informações sobre a evolução da paisagem. Este estudo objetivou identificar as variações faciológicas no manto de alteração dos itabiritos na área da Pedra Rachada, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, MG, compreendendo a gênese da couraça ferruginosa (canga) e sua inserção na paisagem local. Foram coletadas amostras para a caracterização macro e micromorfológica. Também foram realizados estudos microquímicos e mineralógicos por DRX. Os resultados indicaram a presença das fácies, da base para o topo, a partir do itabirito (F1): fácies placoidal (F2), fácies placoidal fragmentada (F3), fácies placoidal fragmentada desorganizada (F4 e F5), fácies couraça ou canga estruturada (R1 a R4) e fácies couraça ou canga stricto sensu (F6).  A associação das fácies permite considerar um perfil laterítico composto pelas zonas saprolíticas, canga estrutura e canga não estruturada. A formação do manto de alteração ocorreu com forte influência lito-estrutural, principalmente o mergulho das rochas. Essas estruturas são fossilizadas pela canga estruturada, com a crista da Serra caindo no mesmo sentido. Contudo, a evolução biogeoquímica da canga não estruturada foi capaz de mudar a topografia, tornando a superfície aplainada.
Priority Strategy Model of Human Resource Capacity Development on Forest and Land Fire Control
Authors: Maksum Mochamad Asep , Zulkarnain Dicky Iskandar
Published: December 2020

Preparing qualified human resources is one important aspect that needs to be considered in efforts to control forest and land fire. Forest and land fire control human resources, especially those at the site level are the spearhead in efforts to prevent and control forest and land fire in the field. The current human resource capacity development program is considered not optimal in supporting the forest and land fire control program effectively. This study aims to formulate a priority strategy for developing human resource capacity in supporting the effectiveness of forest and land fire control in Indonesia. The priority strategy model is developed through a systems approach by using Analytical Hierarchy Process method by involving interviews with several experts representing relevant stakeholders. This study concludes that the priority of the strategy in developing the capacity of human resources in forest and land fire control is through strengthening village/community-based institutional capacity. This study also indicates the need to optimize the role and involvement of local and village governments in increasing the capacity of human resources related to forest and land fire control on a village/community-based, and the need to prioritize the fulfillment of the input dimension compare to the process and output-outcome dimensions.
A New Lorentz Violating Model with Particle’s "Maximum Energy"
Authors: Hu Jinwen , Hu Huan
Published: December 2020

In this paper we re-investigated the relationship between the symmetry of inertial systems and the Lorentz transformation. We found that when we just follow the following three principles: (1)we can define the time in the whole space with a prescribed clock synchronization, (2)the time-space is uniform and the space is isotropic and (3)all the inertial systems are equivalent, then we can totally construct a general coordinate transformation to meet the symmetry of inertial systems, and with a special assumption on the speed of light, we can construct a non-Lorentz transformation between inertial systems to make the particle’s energy have a limited value, which is similar to the rainbow model. Similar to the usual Lorentz violating models, the non-Lorentz transformation in this paper lead to a new modified disperse relation. We applied the obtained disperse relation to analyze the photon’s arrival time lag effect in astronomy and found that the "maximum energy" derived in our model is somewhat related to the "maximum energy" assumed in the rainbow model.
Management of Patients with Addison’s Disease in Dentistry: An Overview
Authors: Aoun Georges
Published: December 2020

Adrenal crisis (AC) is an unexpected and possibly lethal situation of stressful interventions in patients with Addison’s disease (AD). Despite being rare in dentistry, it is to be noted that evidence indicates that 5-8% of patients with AD necessitate emergency glucocorticoid administration to treat AC annually. For that, dentists must be aware of this condition and be prepared when the clinical signs and symptoms occur.
The Role of Biomaterials in Upper Digestive Tract Transoral Reconstruction
Authors: Grigore Raluca , Popescu Bogdan , Bertesteanu Serban Vifor Gabriel , Nichita Cornelia , Oasa Irina Doinita , Munteanu Gloria Simona , Nicolaescu Alexandru , Bejenaru Paula Luiza , Simion Antonie Catrinel Beatrice , Ene Dragos , Ene Razvan
Published: December 2020

This study aims to establish whether the use of biomaterials, particularly polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), for surgical reconstruction of the esophagus with templates, Montgomery salivary tube, after radical oncology surgery for malignant neoplasia is an optimal choice for patients’ safety and for optimal function preservation and organ rehabilitation. Methods: Structural analysis by Raman spectrometry and biomechanical properties with dynamic mechanical analysis are performed for fatigue strength and toughness, essential factors in durability of a prosthesis in the reconstruction practice of the esophagus. Nanocomposites with silicone elastomers and nanoparticles used in implantable devices and in the reconstruction surgery are facing risks of infection and fatigue strength when required to perform a mechanical effort for long periods of time. Results: This report takes into account the effect of silver (Ag) nanoparticles on the fatigue strength using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix, representative for silicon elastomers used in implantable devices. PDMS with 5% (wt) Ag nanoparticles of 100-150 nm during mechanical fatigue testing at shear strength loses elasticity properties after 400 loading-unloading cycles and up to 15% shear strain. The fatigue strength, toughness, maximum shear strength are the key issues in designing Montgomery salivary tube with appropriate biomechanical behavior for each patient. Conclusions: Prosthesis design needs to indulge both clinical outcome as well as design methods and research in the field of biomaterials.
On the Stability of Swelling Porous Elastic Soils with a Viscoelastic Damping
Authors: Mukiawa Soh Edwin , Apalara Tijani  A. , Enyi Cyril Dennis
Published: December 2020

The present work studies a swelling porous-elastic system with viscoelastic damping. We establish a general and optimal decay estimate which generalizes some recent results in the literature. Our result is established without imposing the usual equal-wave-speed condition associated with similar problems in literature.
Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) Priority in Italy: Distribution, Ecology, In situ and Ex situ Conservation and Expected Actions
Authors: Perrino Enrico Vito , Wagensommer Robert Philipp
Published: December 2020

The study presents an updated overview of the 14 non-endemic threatened Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) in Italy: Aegilops biuncialis, Ae. uniaristata, Ae. ventricosa, Asparagus pastorianus, Beta macrocarpa, Brassica insularis, B. montana, Crambe hispanica subsp. hispanica, C. tataria subsp. tataria, Ipomoea sagittata, Lathyrus amphicarpos, L. palustris, Vicia cusnae and V. serinica. Geographical distribution, ecology (with plant communities and habitat 92/43/EEC aspects), genetics (focused on gene pools), property, and in situ and ex situ conservation were analyzed. In addition, with the aim of their protection and valorization, specific actions are recommended.
The Potential Role of Artificial Marsh on Coastal Protection in Long Island Sound
Authors: Ilia Amin
Published: December 2020

Connecticut marshes, like other marshes in the world, are vulnerable to anthropogenic and climate change effects. However, assessment of current sea level rise and average marsh accretion rates in Connecticut demonstrate sea level rise is not the main vulnerable factor for salt marshes loss. The study on the feasibility of developing an ecosystem-based on two coastlines in Connecticut, Guilford and Stratford, shows that both coastlines, like other coastlines in Connecticut, have limited wave energy, which is a positive factor for marsh growth. The available data assessment represents that sediment supply is the most important parameter to guarantee the resilience and sustainability of a newly developed salt marsh system in Connecticut. In Stratford, conditions for establishing a new ecosystem seem to be better, as the fetch length is pretty small, and there is some sediment supply for the ecosystem. In Guilford, wave energy is limited, but it is more than in Stratford case. Besides, sediment availability is low and the coastline experienced considerable erosion during hurricane Sandy and has not recovered yet.
On the Fundamental Particles and Reactions of Nature
Authors: Bao Jian-Bin , Bao Nicholas
Published: December 2020

There are unsolved problems related to inflation, gravity, dark matter, dark energy, and the fate of the universe. Some of them can be better answered by assuming the existence of aether and hypoatoms. Both were created during the inflation in the very early universe. While aether forms vacuum, hypoatoms form all observable matter. In vacuum, aether exists between the particle-antiparticle form and the energy form in a dynamic equilibrium: A + A-bar = gamma + gamma, resulting in quantum phenomena and a character of negative pressure. The proposed hypoatom has an antimatter nucleus, with an equal mass of matter particles of aether in its perimeter, so the enigma of missing antimatter does not exist. At hypoatoms, the forward reaction of the aether annihilation dominates. With constant-density dark energy, the annihilation constantly consumes the aether in vacuum, producing a sink flow of aether that warps spacetime, and thus generates gravity and a dark matter halo in the vicinity of massive objects. The hypoatom is believed to be a neutrino n1, with a mass of 5 meV. Based on the hypoatom structure, singularities do not exist inside black holes; their cores are hypoatom stars or neutrino stars. By gaining enough mass, ca. , to exceed neutrino degeneracy pressure, a black hole collapses or annihilates into the singularity, thus turning itself into a white hole or a new Big Bang.
Laser Additive Manufacturing of Si/ZrO2 Tunable Crystalline Phase 3D Nanostructures
Authors: Merkininkaite Greta , Aleksandravicius Edvinas , Malinauskas Mangirdas , Gailevicius Darius , Sakirzanovas Simas
Published: December 2020

The current paper is focused on the rapidly developing field of nano-/micro three-dimensional production of inorganic materials. The fabrication method includes laserlithography of hybrid organic-inorganic materials with subsequent heat treatment lead-ing to a variety of crystalline phases in 3D structures. In this work, it was examineda series of organometallic polymer precursors with different silicon (Si) and zirconium (Zr) molar ratios, ranging from 9:1 to 5:5, prepared via sol-gel method. All mixtureswere examined for perspective used in 3D laser by manufacturing by fabricating nano-and micro-feature sized structures. Their deformation and surface morphology wereevaluated depending on chemical composition and crystallographic phase. The appear-ance of a crystalline phase was proven using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis,which revealed a lower crystallization temperature for microstructures compared tobulk materials. Fabricated 3D objects retain a complex geometry without any distortion after heat treatment up to 1400oC. Under the proper conditions, a zircon phase (ZrSiO4 - a highly stable material) can be observed. In addition, the highest newrecord of achieved resolution below 60 nm has been reached. The proposed prepara-tion protocol can be used to manufacture micro/nano-devices with high precision andresistance to high temperature and aggressive environment.
Occurrence and Sources of Synthetic Musk Fragrances in the Sewage Treatment Plants and the Han River in Seoul, Korea
Authors: Hong Ju-Hee , Lee Jun-Yeon , Ha Hyun-Ju , Lee Jin-Hyo , Oh Seok-Ryul , Lee Young-Min , Lee Mok-Young , Zoh Kyung-Duk
Published: December 2020

Levels of synthetic musk fragrances (SMFs) and various personal care products (PCPs) were measured in the Han River and its tributaries in Seoul, Korea. The most abundant SMF in all river and PCP samples was 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,7-tetrahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene (HHCB), followed by 1-(3,5,5,6,8,8-hexamethyl-6,7-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)ethanone (AHTN), musk ketone (MK), and 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one (DPMI). There was a significant correlation between the SMF concentration in the PCPs and the Han River samples. Moving from upstream to downstream in the Han River, the median SMF concentration was 6.756, 2.945, 0.304, and 0.141 μg/L in the sewage treatment plant (STP) influent, effluent, tributaries, and mainstream, respectively, implying that effective SMF removal was achieved during the sewage treatment process, followed by dilution in the receiving water. Four STPs using advanced biological treatment processes had removal efficiencies of 55.8%, 50.6%, 43.3% for HHCB, AHTN, and MK, respectively. The highest SMF concentrations in the tributaries were observed at locations close to the STPs. Our study confirmed that the main source of SMFs in the receiving water were sewage effluent containing untreated SMFs, which are largely originated from household PCPs, especially hair care products (e.g., shampoo) and perfumes.
The Compatibility of Piper retrofractum Vahl. and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Extracts for Controlling Helopeltis antonii Sign.
Authors: Rohimatun NFN , Dadang NFN , Winasa I Wayan , Yuliani Sri
Published: December 2020

Plant extracts as a botanical insecticide can be used in either single or mixture forms. Mixed extracts have advantages: reducing dependence on one plant species, being the synergistic effect which can increase the effectiveness of formulas, and reducing the possibility of resistance emergence. This study aimed to obtain compatible and synergistic comparisons of P. retrofractum with C. xanthorrhiza extracts that effectively control the third instar nymph of Helopeltis antonii. The comparison of P. retrofractum and C. xanthorrhiza extracts were 4:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 (w/w). The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design using the contact method. The LC50, LC90, and LC95 values were calculated using the PoloPlus Ver 1.0 Program. The mixture interaction was determined from the Combination Index value. The results showed that P. retrofractum extract was compatible and synergistic with C. xanthorrhiza extract at a ratio of 2:1 (w/w). These were the best combination shown by the lowest LC50, LC90, and LC95 values and showed consistently strong synergistic properties compared to other concentrations. The components of P. retrofractum may be responsible for the insecticidal properties are piperine; piperanine; piperidine; 3,4-Pyridinedimethanol,6-methyl; Piperidine,1-[5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]-,(Z,Z)-; and (2E,4E,12E)-1-(Piperidine-1-yl)octadeca-2,4,12—trien-1-one. The insecticidal activity of C. xanthorrhiza may associated with its content of xanthorrhizol, Ar-curcumene, β-curcumene, curzerene, germacrone, 7-zingiberene, caryophyllene, and β-bisabolol. A combination of these two plant extracts has the potential to be further developed as a botanical insecticide to control H. antonii.
Green Revolution’s Role and Impact: Organic Farming Potential for Indonesian Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Ashari NFN , Sharifuddin Juwaidah , Mohammed Zainal Abidin , Ramli Nurul Nadia , Farmata Yong
Published: December 2020

In 1960s, Indonesia experienced serious rice insufficiency and was one of the largest rice importing countries. The government was encouraged to achieve rice self-sufficiency, i.e. implementing the green revolution (GR) technology through promoting modern agricultural inputs adoption. GR had helped Indonesia to achieve rice self- sufficiency in 1984. However, such technology deals with some problems, e.g. environmental destruction and farmers’ dependence on agrochemical industry.  Many consider organic farming system is the solution to address this issue as its practice offers the best way toward sustainable food production and resources use. Demand for organic rice is expected to increase in the future along with the population and income growth. However, prospect of organic rice farming is still uncertain as its adoption is very low. The main challenge is farmers’ unease on yield reduction. Other crucial problems are lack of technical know-how and government supports as well as increase in costs of land conversion and chemical contaminations from conventional farming. It is necessary to conduct more in-depth studies on the factors influencing farmers’ willingness to adopt organic farming. It will be useful for the government to design appropriate strategies and policies to accelerate organic rice farming adoption.

 

Abstrak

Pada 1960-an, Indonesia mengalami kekurangan beras dan termasuk salah satu pengimpor beras terbesar di dunia. Pemerintah saat itu memprioritaskan pemenuhan beras dengan target swasembada dengan berbagai upaya, seperti penerapan teknologi revolusi hijau (RH) melalui penggunaan input pertanian modern. RH terbukti membuat Indonesia mencapai swasembada beras pada tahun 1984. Namun, teknologi tersebut juga telah menyebabkan dampak negatif, terutama kerusakan lingkungan dan petani sangat bergantung pada industri agro- kimia. Beberapa kalangan menganggap sistem pertanian organik adalah solusi untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Pertanian organik menawarkan cara terbaik untuk produksi pangan dan penggunaan sumber daya secara berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan. Permintaan beras organik diperkirakan akan meningkat di masa mendatang seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk dan pendapatan. Adopsi pertanian organik masih sangat lambat. Tantangan utama pertanian padi organik adalah kekhawatiran anjloknya hasil panen ketika melakukan konversi. Permasalahan  lainnya  adalah  kurangnya  pengetahuan  teknis  dan  dukungan  pemerintah,  mahalnya  biaya konversi dan kontaminasi bahan kimia dari pertanian konvensional. Diperlukan penelitian yang lebih mendalam tentang faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi petani untuk mengadopsi pertanian organik. Dengan demikian pemerintah dapat merancang strategi dan kebijakan yang tepat untuk mempercepat adopsi pertanian padi organik.
Impacts of Upsus Program on the Cost Efficiency and Competitiveness of Rice Production in Indonesia
Authors: Setiyanto Adi , Pabuayon Isabelita M.
Published: December 2020

Program Upsus adalah program nasional yang dirintis pada tahun 2014 dan mulai diterapkan secara besar-besaran pada tahun 2015. Dalam program ini, padi mendapatkan porsi terbesar dari anggaran pemerintah, dan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi beras melalui peningkatan luas areal panen dan produktivitas. Target yang ditetapkan adalah bahwa Indonesia akan mencapai swasembada beras lagi dalam tiga tahun. Setelah itu, targetnya adalah Indonesia dapat memelihara keberlanjutan swasembada beras, mencapai surplus untuk ekspor setelah 2017, dan dalam jangka panjang Indonesia akan menjadi lumbung pangan dunia pada tahun 2045. Saat ini, program tersebut telah dilaksanakan selama lima tahun dan analisis dampak dari penerapan program Upsus terhadap sisi efisiensi biaya dan daya saing produksi beras Indonesia ini penting untuk dikaji. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk membahas kerangka teoritis dan konseptual pengaruh program Upsus terhadap peningkatan efisiensi biaya dan daya saing produksi padi pada tingkat usaha tani. Alat analisis yang dapat digunakan untuk ini adalah perbandingan antara sebelum dan sesudah implementasi program Upsus yang terdiri dari regresi fungsi stochastic frontier cost (SFC), policy analysis matrix (PAM), analisis distribusi kepadatan kernel, dan model regresi berganda pengaruh peningkatan efisiensi biaya terhadap perubahan daya saing. Beberapa rekomendasi kebijakan yang dihasilkan dari pembahasan makalah ini berguna untuk lebih membantu meningkatkan strategi implementasi selanjutnya dari program Upsus pada padi.
Prospect for Farmers' Adoption of True Shallot Seed
Authors: Sayaka Bambang , Pasaribu Sahat M. , Dermoredjo Saktyanu Kristiantoadi
Published: December 2020

Upaya peningkatan produksi bawang merah ditempuh melalui Program Lipat Ganda (PROLIGA) bawang merah dengan adopsi biji botani bawang merah atau True Shallot Seed (TSS) karena berbagai kelebihan, antara lain biaya benih murah, volume benih lebih sedikit, lebih tahan lama disimpan, dan potensi hasilnya lebih tinggi. Makalah ini bertujuan mengulas prospek adopsi TSS oleh petani berdasarkan ulasan (review) berbagai publikasi dan laporan hasil penelitian maupun proyek percontohan. Produksi TSS di Indonesia belum pada skala komersial, tetapi masih dalam skala percobaan. TSS yang digunakan untuk pilot proyek merupakan benih impor karena produksi TSS di dalam negeri masih sangat terbatas. Petani umumnya lebih memilih menanam umbi mini dibanding TSS karena masa tanam yang lebih singkat. Pada taraf tertentu potensi hasil TSS lebih tinggi dari benih umbi. TSS memiliki beberapa kelemahan, yaitu perlu pesemaian 5−7 minggu, daya tumbuh TSS menjadi umbi mini relatif rendah, dan penyakit yang membuat batang tanaman tumbuh bengkok. Penanaman bawang merah menggunakan TSS memerlukan waktu lebih lama dibanding menggunakan umbi mini maupun umbi. Peningkatan skala produksi untuk pasokan TSS di dalam negeri dan jaringan produsen umbi mini dengan petani akan dapat meningkatkan adospi TSS.
La presencia de académicas femeninas en los artículos de opinión de la prensa peruana
Authors: Angulo-Giraldo Miguel
Published: December 2020

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Survival and Predictors of Mortality among Severe Acute Malnourished under-five children admitted at Felege-Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest, Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kassaw Amare , Amare Desalegne , Birhanu Minyichil , Tesfaw Aragaw , Zeleke Shegaw , Arage Getachew , Kefale Demewoz
Published: December 2020

Background Malnutrition is still a global public health problem contributing for under-five morbidity and mortality. Specifically, childhood mortality attributable to malnutrition is high at Felege-Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. However, there is no recent evidence that shows the time to death and public health importance of oxygen saturation and chest in drawing in the hospital. Therefore, estimated time to death and its predictors can provide an input for program planners and decision-makers in the study area.Methods An institutional-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 488 severe acute malnourished under-five children admitted from the 1st of January 2016 to the 30th of December 2019. The study participants were selected by using simple random sampling technique. Data were entered in to Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to STATA version15 statistical software for further analysis. The Kaplan Meir was used to estimate cumulative survival probability and a log-rank test was used to compare the survival time between different categories of explanatory variables. The Cox-proportional hazard regression model was fitted to identify predictors of mortality. P-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results Out of the total 488 randomly selected charts of children with severe acute malnutrition, 476 records were included in the final analysis. A total of 54(11.34%) children died with an incidence rate of 9.1death /1000 person- days. Failed appetite test (AHR: 2.4; 95%CI: 1.26, 4.67), altered consciousness level at admission (AHR: 2.4; 95%CI: 1.08, 4.67), oxygen saturation below 90% (AHR: 3.3; 95%CI: 1.40, 7.87), edema (AHR 2.9; 95%CI: 1.45, 5.66) and HIV infection (AHR: 2.8; 95%CI: 1.24, 6.36) were predictors of mortality for children diagnosed with severe acute malnutrition.Conclusion The overall survival status of severe acute malnourished children was low as compared to national sphere standards and previous reports in the literature. The major predictors of mortality were oxygen saturation below 90%, altered consciousness, HIV infection, edema and failed appetite test. Therefore, early screening of complications, close follow up and regular monitoring of sever acute malnourished children might improve child survival rate.
Bromine as a Visible-Light-Mediated Polarity-Reversal Catalyst for the Functionalization of Aldehydes
Authors: Wang Han , Liu Haiwang , Huang Meirong , Shi Xiangcheng , Wang Tonglin , Cong Xu , Yan Jianming , Wang Mu , Wu Jie
Published: December 2020

Polarity-reversal catalysts enable otherwise sluggish or completely ineffective reactions which are characterized by unfavorable polar effects between radicals and substrates. We herein disclose for the first time that when irradiated by visible light, bromine can behave as a polarity-reversal catalyst. Hydroacylation of vinyl arenes, a three-component cascade transformation and deuteration of aldehydes were each achieved in a metal-free manner without initiators by using N-bromosuccinimide as the precatalyst. Light is essential to generate and maintain the active bromine radical during the reaction process. Another key to success is that HBr can behave as an effective hydrogen-donor to turn over the catalytic cycles.
WITHDRAWN: The Effects of Landscape Change on Plant Diversity and Structure in the Bale Mountains National Park, Southeastern Ethiopia
Authors: Muhammed Annissa , Elias Eyasu
Published: December 2020

Background: This study aimed to determine the effects of landscape change on floristic composition, diversity, and structure in the Bale mountains national park, which faces a critical challenge from anthropogenic factors. The park is one of the 34 International Biodiversity Hotspots that comprise a variety of life forms. The vegetation data were collected systematically from 96 sample plots laid along 24 line transects. Vegetation composition and landscape structural analysis were made using R software version 3.5.2 and FRAGSTATS version 4.2.1, respectively.Results: Patch number was strong and positively affected species richness (r = -0.90, p < 0.05) and Shannon diversity index (r = -0.96, p < 0.01), and basal area (r = -0.96, p < 0.001), whereas mean patch size was strong and positively influenced species richness (r = 0.95, p < 0.05), diversity (r = 0.87, p < 0.05), and basal area (r = 0.82, p < 0.05). The overall species richness, Shannon diversity index, and Margalef index were significantly higher in the edge habitat than the interior at p < 0.05. However, the mean basal area of woody species in the interior habitat (11.16 ± 1.82 m2 ha-1) was significantly higher than the edge (3.99 ± 0.54 m2 ha-1) at p < 0.05.Conclusion: This study revealed that the park was a biologically diverse and ecologically significant area that provides a variety of ecological and economic benefits to the surrounding communities. Though its habitats are changing alarmingly and urgent restoration and conservation action need to be taken to reverse this situation.
The Influence of High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filtration on Mortality Among Multiple Myeloma Patients Receiving Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Tsai Chun-Kuang , Yeh Chiu-Mei , Hong Ying-Chung , Chen Po-Min , Liu Jin-Hwang , Gau Jyh-Pyng , Liu Chia-Jen
Published: December 2020

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is encouraged for transplant-eligible multiple myeloma (MM) patients. A portion of MM patients received ASCT in an isolation room with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration. The effectiveness of the HEPA filtration on reducing treatment-related mortality (TRM) is controversial. We enrolled patients with newly diagnosed MM in Taiwan between 2000 and 2017. The primary endpoint of the study was TRM, which was defined as death within 100 days after ASCT. A total of 961 MM patients received ASCT. Of them, 480 patients (49.9%) received ASCT in an isolation room with HEPA filtration (HEPA group). The median overall survival from ASCT was 7.52 years for the HEPA group and 5.88 years for the remaining patients (non-HEPA group) (p = 0.370). The 100-day mortality rate was 1.5% and 1.0% for the HEPA and non-HEPA groups, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the 100-day mortality had no difference between the HEPA and non-HEPA groups (adjusted hazard ratio 1.65, 95% CI 0.52–5.23). The median cost for ASCT inpatient care was $13777.6 and $6527.6 for the HEPA and non-HEPA groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Although half of MM patients in Taiwan received ASCT in HEPA room, it didn’t affect 100-day mortality.
Chiral singlet superconductivity in the weakly correlated metal LaPt3P
Authors: Biswas Pabitra , Ghosh Sudeep , Zhao Jianzhou , Mayoh Daniel , Zhigadlo Nikolai , Xu Xiaofeng , Baines Chris , Hillier Adrian , Balakrishnan Geetha , Lees Martin
Published: December 2020

Topological superconductors (SCs) are novel phases of matter with nontrivial bulk topology. They host at their boundaries and vortex cores zero-energy Majorana bound states, potentially useful in fault-tolerant quantum computation [1]. Chiral SCs [2] are particular examples of topological SCs with finite angular momentum Cooper pairs circulating around a unique chiral axis, thus spontaneously breaking time-reversal symmetry (TRS). They are rather scarce and usually feature triplet pairing: best studied examples in bulk materials are UPt<3> and Sr<2>RuO<4> proposed to be f-wave and p-wave SCs respectively, although many open questions still remain [2]. Chiral triplet SCs are, however, topologically fragile with the gapless Majorana modes weakly protected against symmetry preserving perturbations in contrast to chiral singlet SCs [3, 4]. Using muon spin relaxation (μSR) measurements, here we report that the weakly correlated pnictide compound LaPt<3>P has the two key features of a chiral SC: spontaneous magnetic fields inside the superconducting state indicating broken TRS and low-temperature linear behaviour in the superfluid density indicating line nodes in the order parameter. Using symmetry analysis, first principles band structure calculation and mean-field theory, we unambiguously establish that the superconducting ground state of LaPt<3>P is chiral d-wave singlet.
Higher-order Dirac sonic crystals
Authors: Qiu Chunyin , Qiu Huahui , Xiao Meng , Zhang Fan
Published: December 2020

Discovering new topological phases of matter is a major theme in fundamental physics and materials science1,2. Dirac semimetal features isolated fourfold linear band crossings, i.e., Dirac points, and provides an exceptional platform for exploring topological phase transitions under symmetry breaking3. Recent theoretical studies4,5 have revealed that a three-dimensional Dirac semimetal can harbor fascinating hinge states, a high-order (HO) topological manifestation not known before. However, realization of such a HO Dirac phase in experiment is yet to be achieved, not to mention the fascinating hinge states, although candidate solid-state materials have been suggested5. Here we propose a minimum model to construct a spinless HO Dirac semimetal protected by C_6v symmetry. By breaking different symmetries, this parent phase transitions into a variety of novel topological phases including HO topological insulator, HO Weyl semimetal, and HO nodal-ring semimetal. Furthermore, for the first time, we experimentally realize this unprecedented HO topological phase in a sonic crystal and unambiguously present the smoking-gun observation of the desired hinge states via momentun-space spectroscopy and real-space visualization. Our findings may offer new opportunities to manipulate classical waves such as sound and light.
TREM2 Promotes Natural Killer Cell Development in CD3-CD122+NK1.1+ pNK Cells
Authors: Lee Hwa-Youn , Lee Eun-Hee , Yi Jawoon , Ji Kon-Young , Kim Su-Man , Choi Ha-Rim , Kang Hyung-Sik , Kim Eun-Mi
Published: December 2020

Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) signaling is considered to regulate anti-inflammatory responses in macrophages, dendritic cell maturation, osteoclast development, induction of obesity, and Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. However, little is known regarding the effect of TREM2 on natural killer (NK) cells.Results: Here, we demonstrated for the first time that CD3-CD122+NK1.1+ precursor NK (pNK) cells expressed TREM2 and their population increased in TREM2-overexpressing transgenic (TREM2-TG) mice compared with that in female C57BL/6J wild type (WT) mice. Both NK cell-activating receptors and NK cell-associated genes were expressed at higher levels in various tissues of TREM2-TG mice than in WT mice. In addition, bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of TREM2-TG mice (TG-HSCs) successfully differentiated into NK cells in vitro, with a higher yield from TG-HSCs than from WT-HSCs. In contrast, TREM2 signaling inhibition by TREM2-Ig or a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor affected the expression of the NK cell receptor repertoire and decreased the expression levels of NK cell-associated genes, resulting in significant impairment of NK cell differentiation. Moreover, in melanoma-bearing WT mice, injection of bone marrow cells from TREM2-TG mice exerted greater antitumor effects than that with cells from WT control mice.Conclusions: Collectively, our data clearly showed that TREM2 promoted NK cell development and tumor regression, suggesting TREM2 as a new candidate for cancer immunotherapy.
Research on the Drought Tolerance Mechanism of Pennisetum Glaucum (L.) in the Root During Seedling
Authors: Zhang Ailing , Ji Yang , Sun Min , Lin Chuang , Zhou Puding , Ren Juncai , Luo Dan , Wang Xiaoshan , Ma Encong , Huang Linkai
Published: December 2020

BackgroundDrought, being as one of the major environmental limiting factors, leads a huge reduction in crop growth rate and biomass accumulation. Pearl millet is a suitable material to study drought resistance due to its excellent drought tolerance. Root is a very important part of plant playing crucial roles in plant growth and development, which makes it a target to research on.ResultsIn this study, we tried to find the mechanism of drought tolerance of pearl millet by comparing the data of physiology and transcriptome under normal and drought conditions at 3 time points (1 hour, 3 hours and 7 hours) in root at seedling stage. The relative electrical conductivity went up from 1hour to 7 hours in both control and drought stress groups and the content of malondialdehyde showed a decreasing trend. 2004, 1538 and 605 differently expressed genes were found at 1hour, 3 hours and 7 hours respectively. Some of these differently expressed genes were clustered significantly into ‘metabolic processes’, ‘MAPK signaling pathway’ and ‘plant hormone signal transduction’ like ABA signal transduction pathway in GO and KEGG enrichment analysis.ConclusionsPearl millet was found to have a rapid drought response, which may occur before 1 hour contributing to its drought tolerance. These results can provide a theoretical basis to enhance drought resistance in other plants.
Association of Health Status and Smoking Behaviors with SARS-CoV-2 Positivity Rates
Authors: Duszynski Thomas , Fadel William , Wools-Kaloustian Kara , Dixon Brian , Yiannoutsos Constantin , Halverson Paul , Menachemi Nir
Published: December 2020

Background Much of what is known about COVID-19 risk factors comes from patients with serious symptoms who test positive. While risk factors for hospitalization or death include chronic conditions and smoking; less is known about how health status or tobacco use is associated with risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals who do not present clinically. Methods Two community-based population samples (including individuals randomly and nonrandomly selected for statewide testing, n= 8,214) underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing in nonclinical settings. Each participant was tested for current (viral PCR) and past (antibody) infection in April or June of 2020. Before testing, participants provided demographic information and self-reported health status and tobacco behaviors (smoking, chewing, vaping/e-cigarettes). Using descriptive statistics and a bivariate logistic regression model, we examined the association between health status and use of tobacco with SARS-CoV-2 positivity on either PCR or antibody tests.Results Compared to people with self-identified “excellent” or very good health status, those reporting “good” or “fair” health status had a higher risk of past or current infections. Positive smoking status was inversely associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Chewing tobacco was associated with infection and the use of vaping/e-cigarettes was not associated with infection. Conclusions In a statewide, community-based population drawn for seroprevalence studies, we find that overall health status is associated with infection rates. Unlike in studies of COVID-19 patients, smoking status was inversely associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity. More research is needed to further understand the nature of this relationship.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of The MIOX Gene Family in Cotton
Authors: Li Zhaoguo , Liu Zhen , Wei Yangyang , Liu Yuling , Li Pengtao , Xing Linxue , Liu Mengjie , Lu Quanwei , Peng Renhai
Published: December 2020

Background: The enzyme myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) catalyzes the myo-inositol into glucuronic acid. Previous studies indicated that MIOX may play an important role in plant responses to abiotic stresses. Cotton is a major source of natural and renewable textile. However, the MIOX gene family of cotton has not been systematically identified and characterized yet.Results: In this study, 6 MIOX genes were identified from all of the three diploid cotton species (Gossypium arboretum, Gossypium herbaceum and Gossypium raimondii), 12 MIOX genes were identified from two domesticated tetraploid cottons Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense, and 11 MIOX genes were identified from three wild tetraploid cottons Gossypium tomentosum, Gossypium mustelinum and Gossypium darwinii. The number of MIOX genes in tetraploid cotton genome is roughly twice that of diploid cotton genome. Members of MIOX family were classified into six groups based on the phylogenetic analysis. Integrated analysis of collinearity events and chromosome locations suggested that both whole genome duplication and segmental duplication events contributed to the expansion of MIOX genes during cotton evolution. The ratios of non-synonymous (Ka) and synonymous (Ks) substitution rates revealed that purifying selection was the main force driving the evolution of MIOX genes. Numerous cis-acting elements related to light responsive element, defense and stress responsive element were identified in the promoter of the MIOX genes. Expression analyses of MIOX genes based on RNA-seq data showed that MIOX genes within the same group shared similar expression patterns with each other.Conclusions: In this work, we systematically analyzed MIOX genes from eight Gossypium genomes and the Gossypioides kirkii genome using a set of bioinformatics approaches. All of these results provide the foundation for further study of the biological functions of MIOX genes in cotton environmental adaptability.
Evaluating the Implementation and Feasibility of a Guideline-Driven Process for Improving the Cultural Responsiveness of Non-Aboriginal Alcohol and Drug Treatment Services
Authors: Farnbach Sara , Allan Julaine , Wallace Raechel , Aiken Alexandra , Shakeshaft Anthony
Published: December 2020

Background To improve Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people’s access to, and experience of, healthcare services, including Alcohol and other Drug (AoD) treatment services, principles and frameworks have been developed to optimise cultural responsiveness. Implementing those principles in practice, however, can be difficult to achieve. This study has five aims: i) to describe a five-step process developed to operationalise improvements in culturally responsive practice in AoD services; ii) to evaluate the fidelity of implementation for this five-step process; iii) to identify barriers and enablers to implementation; iv) to assess the feasibility and acceptability of this approach; and v) to describe iterative adaptation of implementation processes based on participant feedback.Methods Participating services were 15 non-Aboriginal AoD services in New South Wales, Australia. Implementation records were used to assess the implementation fidelity of the project. Structured interviews with chief executive officers or senior management were conducted, and interview data were thematically analysed to identify project acceptability, and the key enablers of, and barriers to, project implementation. Quantitative descriptive analyses were performed on the post-implementation workshop survey data, and responses to the free text questions were thematically analysed. Results A high level of implementation fidelity was achieved. Key enablers were the timing of the introduction of the five-step process, the active interest of staff across a range of seniority and the availability of resources and staff time to identify and implement activities. Key barriers included addressing the unique needs of a range of treatment sub-groups, difficulty adapting activities to different service delivery models, limited time to implement change in this evaluation (three months) and the varied skill level across staff. The project was rated as being highly acceptable and relevant to services, with planned changes perceived to be achievable and important by CEOs/managers and staff. Based on staff feedback after the project was implemented at the initial services, several improvements to processes were made.Conclusion The operationalisation of the five-step process developed to improve cultural responsiveness was feasible and acceptable and may be readily applicable to improving the cultural responsiveness of a wide variety of health and human services.