bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Minim-Martap Bauxite and Its Extracted Alumina
Authors: Aristide Zé Parfait , Tsamo Cornelius , Kamga Richard
Published: December 2018

Due to their chemical and mineralogical properties bauxites are composites with multiple applications. In this work, the properties of bauxite collected from Minim-Martap and its extracted alumina were evaluated. Alumina was extracted by adapting the Bayer process at laboratory scale while the characteristics of bauxite and alumina were variably characterized by determining the particle size distribution, relative humidity, loss on ignition, pH, EC, CEC, PZC, XRD, IR, and DSC-TGA. These results show that Minim-Martap bauxite gray bauxite with easily extractable alumina. This bauxite is acidic with a pH of 6.05, PZC of 6.91 and CEC of 15 Meq/100 g which is closer to that of kaolinite clays. This result was confirm by XRD which shows two types of kaolinites: Al2Si2O5(OH)4 with 83.24% and H4Al2Si2O9 with 42.47%, mullite Al2.25Si0.75O4.875 with 67.32%, gibbsite (H2SiO4) with 83.92%. The bauxite is hydroscopic as evident from its humidity results. The IR spectroscopy of bauxite and alumina shows the presence of Al-OH and Si-OH which increase with acid treatment. Minim-martap bauxite and its extracted alumina can be used as raw materials for many industrial processes because of the different properties they possess as revealed by this study.
Ecophysiological Studies of A Cereal Crop Oryza sativa L. with Zinc Stress
Authors: Behura Sasmita Kumari , Mohapatra Mamata , Mohanty B.K.
Published: December 2018

Plants exposed to zinc stress at high concentration inhibit seed germination, seedling growth and development. The germination data showed that there is a negative impact of concentration of zinc sulphate on the germination of seeds. Root and shoot growth of seedlings was worse affected when exposed to higher concentration on ZnSO4. Shoots were more affected than roots. Morphologically they look different from normal roots by their shape and size. Zn toxicity inhibits the chlorophyll formation and with the increase in concentration of the toxicant the exposed seedlings showed a decline in chl-a (chlorophyll-a), chl-b (chlorophyll – b) and total chlorophyll pigment content. Conclusively, our result shows that zinc sulphate at higher concentration decreases seed germination, chl-a, chl-b and total chlorophyll content and also decreases root and shoot growth of plants.
Visible Light Responsive Nickel and Sulphur Co-Doped TiO2 Mesoporous Nanomaterial for the Degradation of Orange-II Dye and Antibacterial Activity on Escherichia coli
Authors: Lakshmi K.V. Divya , Rao T. Siva
Published: December 2018

Nickel and sulfur co-doped TiO2 photocatalyst were prepared by using sol-gel method with dopants precursors of nickel nitrate and thiourea. Prepared samples were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis-DRS, TEM, BET, FT-IR and SEM-EDX. These characterization and experimental results revealed that there is a formation of anatase phase, decreased band gap 2.62 eV for NIST-2, small particle size 7.3 nm and high surface area 142.62 m2/g. The FT-IR frequency shift for Ti-O-Ti was observed from 569 cm-1 to 460-560 cm-1 for co-doped TiO2. The efficiency of photocatalytic and antibacterial was evaluated by degradation of Orange-II dye and Escherichia coli (MTCC-443) respectively. The complete degradation of Orange-II was achieved in 120 min at optimum reaction parameters for NIST-2 at pH-3, catalyst dosage-100 mg/L and initial dye concentration at 10 mg/L.
Quantification of 4-Nitrophenol on Nanosize Polyaniline Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode through Electrochemical Method
Authors: Manikandan R. , Shoba A. , Kumar N. Senthil
Published: December 2018

The electrochemical studies of 4-nitrophenol were carried out in acidic, neutral and basic buffer media at bare glassy carbon (GC) and nanosize polyaniline (PANI) modified GC electrodes. In all pH, 4-nitrophenol exhibits three oxidation peaks in forward scan and three reduction peaks in reverse scan in the CV. The peak current reached its maximum value at pH 7.0. The effect of scan rate was studied between 25 and 500 mVs-1 at pH 7. CV results revealed the diffusion-controlled reaction at the electrode surface. The atomic force microscopy used for studies of morphological behavior of nanosize polyaniline and compound adsorbed on PANI surface. Under optimum DPSV experimental conditions, the influence of concentration on the stripping signal was studied A linear relationship between peak current and concentration is obtained in the range 100 to 500 ppb, with lower detection limit of 50 ppb on PANI/GCE. The relative standard deviation of 1.76% for a 250ppb 4-nitrophenol concentration and relative error of 2.6% were also obtained.
Facile Green Synthesis of LaCe Co-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Structural, Optical and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Karthikeyan M. , Ahamed A. Jafar , Kumar P. Vijaya
Published: December 2018

This present work describes the synthesis of LaCe co-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by green method using Gymnema sylvestre (G. sylvestre) leaves as reducing as well as capping agent. Green synthesis method avoids inert gases, high pressure, laser radiation, high temperature, toxic chemicals etc. as compared to conventional method like sol-gel technique method, laser ablation method, solvothermal method, inert gas condensation method and chemical reduction method. The synthesized LaCe co-doped ZnO NPs was characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), elemental analysis (EADX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL). The LaCe co-doped ZnO NPs was tested against clinical pathogens such as gram positive G+ (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae) and gram negative G- (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella sydenteriae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Protus vulgaris) bacterial strains using agar well diffusion method.
A atuação do residente em Odontologia Hospitalar neonatal na abordagem multidisciplinar do SUS: relato de experiência
Authors: Gouvêa Nayara Silva de , Demogalski Jessyca Twany , Pomini Marcos Cezar , Pedroso Caique Mariano , Weinert Maria Cecília Carneiro , Alves Fabiana Bucholdz Teixeira
Published: December 2018

A reorganização dos serviços de saúde vinculada ao programa Humaniza SUS possibilita o cuidado multiprofissional do indivíduo. Neste sentido, a inclusão do cirurgião-dentista nas equipes visa somar esforços para o alcance da integralidade da atenção, a qual abrange as diversas alterações que podem acometer o sistema estomatognático de sujeitos em cuidados hospitalares. A residência em odontologia hospitalar neonatal, como parte integradora da abordagem multiprofissional, é extremamente importante para garantir a abordagem adequada de gestantes, puérperas e recém-nascidos (RN) em sua plenitude. As frentes de atuação do residente em odontologia neonatal envolvem, principalmente, o pré-natal odontológico, o puerpério imediato e mediato, a abordagem ambulatorial e as unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal e pediátrica. Este artigo objetiva relatar a experiência de atuação de residentes em odontologia hospitalar neonatal em um hospital escola pertencente ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) do Paraná.
Avaliação contínua da aprendizagem por meio da aplicação de quiz semanal no ensino da Periodontia
Authors: Steffens Joao Paulo , Warnavin Stephanie Von Stein Cubas , Schwartz Filho Humberto Osvaldo , Soares Geisla Mary Silva , Fernandes Ângela , Tizzot Edison Luiz Almeida
Published: December 2018

A avaliação contínua e rotineira mantém o estudante sob constante estudo, leitura e aprendizado, além de suavizar o impacto das avaliações teóricas formais sobre os critérios tradicionais de aprovação. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto da aplicação de quiz semanal sobre a nota da avaliação teórica formal no componente curricular Periodontia I do Curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Para este estudo observacional retrospectivo, avaliaram-se os campos "nota quiz" e "nota avaliação" dos diários de classe das turmas do primeiro e segundo semestres de 2016, respectivamente “sem quiz" (n=53) e “com a realização de quiz semanal” (n=55). As avaliações teóricas formais foram idênticas para as duas turmas. Os dados referentes ao número de quizzes realizados e média das notas de quiz foram tabulados. As análises estatísticas utilizadas foram teste t de Student e coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. A aplicação de quiz semanal deslocou a curva referente às notas de avaliação teórica à direita, sendo que as notas foram significativamente maiores neste grupo (p<0.01). Além disso, houve correlação significativa entre a nota da avaliação teórica e o número de quizzes realizados por cada estudante (r=0,39; p<0,01), bem como com a média da nota do quiz (r=0,47; p<0,01). Concluiu-se que a utilização de quiz semanal como instrumento de avaliação da aprendizagem influi positivamente no grau de conhecimento adquirido, provavelmente devido a um maior estímulo à leitura e estudo constante.
KONDISI FAKTOR-FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN FISIK RUMAH DENGAN KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA PADA ANAK BALITA
Authors: yusela Ldfi
Published: December 2018

Pneumonia adalah proses infeksi akut yang mengenai jaringan paru-paru (alveoli). Terjadinya pneumonia pada anak balita seringkali bersamaan dengan proses infeksi akut pada bronkus (bronchopneumonia). Gejala penyakit ini berupa napas cepat dan napas sesak, karena paru meradang secara mendadak. etiologi pneumonia pada balita sukar untuk ditegakkan karena dahak biasanya sukar diperoleh. Menurut publikasi WHO, penelitian di berbagai negara menunjukkan bahwa Streptococcus pnemoniae dan Hemophylus influenzae merupakan bakteri yang selalu ditemukan pada penelitian tentang etiologi di negara berkembang. Jenis bakteri ini ditemukan pada dua per tiga dari hasil isolasi yaitu 73,9% aspirat paru dan 69,1% hasil isolasi spesimen darah. Sedangkan di negara maju dewasa ini pneumonia pada anak umumnya disebabkan oleh virus Pneumonia masih menjadi penyakit terbesar penyebab kematian anak dan juga penyebab kematian pada banyak kaum lanjut usia di dunia. Kejadian pneumonia cukup tinggi di dunia, yaitu sekitar 15% - 20% (Dahlan 2014). Pada usia lanjut angka kejadian pneumonia mencapai 25 - 44 kasus per 1000 penduduk setiap tahun (Putri et al., 2014). Di Indonesia, prevalensi kejadian pneumonia pada tahun 2013 sebesar 4,5% (Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2013). Lingkungan fisik rumah merupakan salah satu faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia. Faktor risiko yang meningkatkan kejadian pneumonia anak balita meliputi: instrisik, ekstrinsik dan perilaku. Faktor instrinsik berupa umur, status imunisasi, status gizi, pemberian vitamin A dan pemberian air susu ibu. Faktor ekstrinsik berupa lingkungan rumah yang terdiri dari komponen rumah yang menunjang terciptanya rumah yang sehat, seperti dinding, lantai, ventilasi, pencahayaan alami dan kepadatan penghuni.
Different stacking patterns along an active fold-and thrust-belt—Acerenza Bay, Southern Apennines (Italy)
Authors: Chiarella Domenico , Longhitano Sergio , Tropeano Marcello
Published: December 2018

Traditional sequence stratigraphic models provide limited understanding of internal complexity and variability when applied to mixed siliciclastic-carbonate strata accumulated in tectonically active settings. Coeval Lower Pleistocene (Gelasian) shallow-marine, mixed siliciclastic-carbonate depositional wedges accumulated within an active piggy-back basin along the southern Italy fold-and thrust-belt are characterized by similar internal architecture of sequences but different stacking patterns. In particular, four coastal wedges (up to 30 m thick each), just a few kilometers (~2 km) apart from each other, show aggradational versus progradational stacking patterns related to their location within a deforming piggy-back basin. In all the studied sections, mixed siliciclastic-carbonate strata form isolated sedimentary wedges organized into three vertically stacked transgressive–regressive sequences bounded by sharp flooding surfaces. Aggradational versus progradational internal architecture results from (1) local syndepositional compressive and/or extensional tectonics controlling differential uplift and subsidence, and (2) sediment supply characterized by a combination of intrabasinal and extrabasinal siliclicastics and carbonates. Aggradation occurs in areas showing a balance between both accommodation and sediment supply, and siliciclastic and carbonate fractions. Progradation is typical of supply-dominated areas located close to the active anticline, and dominated by the carbonate fraction. The present work documents the local variability of stratal stacking patterns and sediment supply (siliciclatic-carbonate ratio). We highlight the limitations of using sequence architectures and systems tracts for base-level changes and basin reconstructions in tectonically active settings. It is of great importance not only to correctly interpret the stacking pattern, but also to increase our understanding of the type of sediment (siliciclastic versus carbonate) and sedimentation rate, sedimentation loci, and subsurface prediction.
Electrospun polymeric nanofibrous membranes for water treatment
Authors: Snowdon Monika R. , Liang Robert L.
Published: December 2018

A necessity for water filtration technology, due to global pollution and population growth, has led to an increase in attention to advanced nanomaterials that can aid in the purification of air and water. This size-dependent filtration is possible via nanofibrous membranes as they contain high porosity and this pore size is tunable through the fabrication process. Because of this tunability in the nanofibril membrane composition and structure, they possess promising straining abilities, such as high permeability and selectivity, as well as low fouling. There are a variety of polymer blends or organic/inorganic nanofillers that can be used depending on filtration needs. The production of nanofibers consists of various avenues such as synthetic templates, separation by different phases, nanoparticle self-assembly, and most widespread, electrospinning. Electrospinning is prevalent owing to its ease of use and low cost compared to template and self- assembly processes. This chapter describes the multifaceted progression governing electrospinning and its working factors as well as the environmental settings that form nanofibers and their resultant membranes. Additionally, the various designs of electrospinning apparatuses' and review of the methods used to prepare multifunctional composite electrospun nanofibrous membranes will be discussed. Past achievements and current challenges will be provided. Conclusions and perspectives are specified fitting to studied progress so far as well as future needs with regards to water treatment, with a particular focus on industrial applications.
Bagaimana memilih sekolah untuk anak
Authors: Saputra Yudha Nata
Published: December 2018

Masalah yang dihadapi orang tua ketika akan memasukan anak-anak mereka biasanya mereka kebingungan untuk menetapkan pilihan, seringkali mereka mendapatkan informasi yang bersifat terpotong-potong, dari saudara, tetangga, rekan, dsb. Masalah baru timbul setelah anak-anak mereka sekolah, muncul keluhan-keluhan misalnya pelajaran yang terlalu sulit, harus tambah les, guru-guru yang tidak cocok, dsb, dalam kondisi seperti ini seringkali orang tua lantas berpikiran untuk memindahkan anak-anaknya tapi sudah kepalang tanggung karena sekolah sudah dimulai dan biaya sudah masuk.
Pencemaran lingkangan
Authors: gunawan Syahril
Published: December 2018

Pencemaran lingkungan di Indonesia dan cara menanggulanginya
Influence of Accounting and Non-accounting Information on Credit Decision
Authors: Siahaan Andysah Putera Utama , Rusiadi
Published: December 2018

Banks are the primary users of accounting information. A bank also has non-accounting information before giving a decision to prospective debtors in lending loans. The discussion in this study focuses on accounting information on whether it can be used to predict a credit decision taken by the bank. Non-accounting information is a control variable in this study. This research aims to gather empirical evidence about the problem. This research took place at the Bank Mandiri Medan branch of Imam Bonjol. By the purpose of this study, a multiple regression analysis models are used to test the research hypothesis regarding the effect of accounting information on credit decisions. The population in this study was all applications for working capital loans that had been approved by the bank in 2001. The samples drawn were 40 applications for credit for which the bank had approved credit. The results of the study indicate that accounting information is not entirely influential on credit decision making whereas non-accounting information that influences bank credit decisions is the guaranteed value and experience of the prospective debtor leader.
Dewasa ini
Authors: frassetio Agung budi
Published: December 2018

Demokrasi saat ini yang mengalami kemunduran, dan sudah mengarah ke liberal
Selektif dalam memilih lowongan kerja
Authors: Saputra Yudha Nata
Published: December 2018

Bagi para pelamar kerja, mencari infomasi lowongan kerja di surat kabar atau melalui media lain tentunya sudah menjadi salah satu kebiasaan yang harus dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan. Karena biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk mengirimkan surat lamaran kerja tidak sedikit tentunya kita perlu mempertimbangkan baik-baik kemana saja surat lamaran kerja tersebut akan kita kirimkan. Dengan demikian kita perlu pintar-pintar memilih informasi lowongan kerja yang kita peroleh, sebelum mengirimkan surat lamaran kerja supaya memberikan hasil yang tidak mengecewakan.
HUBUNGAN PARASIT DI TANAH DENGAN KEBERADAAN PARASIT PADA KUKU PETANI SUMBER URIP 1 DESA WONOREJO KECAMATAN PONCOKUSUMO KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Wikurendra Edza Aria
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan parasit di tanah dengan keberadaan parasit pada kuku petani Sumber Urip 1 Desa Wonorejo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Sampel yang digunakan adalah petani Sumber Urip 1 Desa Wonorejo yaitu 18 orang. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah Total Sampling. Analisa bivariat menggunakan korelasi pearson SPPS dengan pengambilan keputusan menggunakan hasil singnifikan < 0.01. Hasil identifikasi parasit pada 18 sampel tanah terdapat sampel 12 sampel positif larva cacing tambang dan telur cacing gelang. Sedangkan hasil identifikasi parasit pada 18 sampel kuku petani terdapat 11 sampel positif larva cacing tambang. Hasil uji korelasi pearson pada sampel tanah dan sampel kuku petani Sumber Urip 1 Desa Wonorejo terdapat hubungan.
MARAKNYA PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA DI KALANGAN REMAJA DALAM NEGARA PANCASILA
Authors: Farmasi Riska Putri R
Published: December 2018

Mengkonsumsi narkoba dalam ajaran agama diharamkan, bukan hanya pada agama islam tetapi dalam semua agama, kecuali jika narkoba digunakan dalam keadaan mendesak atau darurat, dan secara hukum pun dilarang yang diatur dalam Undang No 22 Tahun 1997 tentang Narkotika terdapat dalam pasal 78 sampai dengan pasal 104 yang mengatur tentang pelangaran, peredaran dan penggunaannya yang diperbolehkan maupun tidak diperbolehkan. Narkoba yang seharusnya hanya digunakan untuk penelitian dan pengobatan medis kini banyak disalah gunakan. Penyalahgunaan narkoba bukan hanya dikalangan orang dewasa saja, bahkan kalangan remaja/pelajarpun banyak yang mengkonsumsinya bahkan sampai sudah kecanduan atau malah sudah jadi pengedar narkoba. Mereka menggunakan narkoba dengan berbagai alasan tersendiri, untuk mendapat efek yang menenangkan.
Peran Pancasila Terhadap Konflik SARA
Authors: setiyowati Lilin
Published: December 2018

Pancasila telah membentuk kehidupan sosial di Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Berkaitan dengan konflik SARA yang sering terjadi di Negara kita, Pancasila menjelaskan bahwa penting adanya peratuan dan kesatuan bangsa yang dijelaskan pada sila ketiga. Namun rendahnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang akan arti atau makna sila-sila khususnya sila ketiga yang banyak menimbulkan konflik SARA yang terjadiSeperti waktu pemilihan gubernur Jakarta yang menimbulkan permasalahan Pada saat kampanye Ahok mengatakan sepenggal kata “Jangan mau dibodohin orang pake surat Al-Maidah ayat 51….” Dan seterusnya. Sebagai umat Islam saya tahu makna yang terkandung dalam isi surat Al-Maidah ayat 51. Disitu diterangkan “Wahai orang-orang yang beriman, janganlah kamu mengambil orang-orang Yahudi dan Nasrani menjadi auliya bagimu, sebahagian mereka adalah bagi sebahagian orang lain. Barang siapa diantara kamu mengambil mereka menjadi auliya, maka sesungguhnya orang itu termasuk golongan mereka…” (QS. Al-Maidah:51)Dari kalimat diatas seharusnya akoh tidak menggunakan kata – kata yang dapat menyinggung orang lain dengan mencantumkan agama lain, dan ini bukan merupakan salah akoh melainkan salah masyarakat sendiri Maksud akhok bukan dibodohi dengan ayat suci dari agama tersebut tetapi dibodohi oleh masyarakat yang mengatas namakan Agama tersebut dan disalahgunakan untuk menghasut masyarakat. Dan masyarakat menerima informasi itu mentah – mentah tanpa dipikirkan terlebih dahulu dan pada akhirnya banyak masyarakat yang memebuat masalah ini menjadi besar dan mempermalukan agamanya sendiri
ANALISIS SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI PENYAKIT DAN HAMA PADA TANAMAN PADI DENGAN METODE BAYES
Authors: Febrianto Wimar
Published: December 2018

Padi merupakan hal krusial bagi manusia khususnya orang Indonesia. Sebagian besar penduduk warga Indonesia bekerja pada bidang pertanian umumnya padi. Namun adapun masalah yang banyak dialami para petani padi, yakni penyakit pada padi yang sebagian belum paham cara menentukan ataupun memilih jenis pengobatan yang sesuai dengan penyakit tersebut. Hal ini membuat tingkat produktifitas petani menurun. Sistem pakar berbasis komputer dapat digunakan dalam membantu memecahkan masalah agar petani dapat menentukan pilihan pengobatan. Metode yang diterapkan untuk mengidentifikasi penyakit pada padi adalah Metode Bayes, dimana setiap alternatif yang disediakan akan dilakukan perangkingan untuk memperoleh hasil terbaik. Sistem yang akan dibangun diharapkan mampu membantu petani dalam memilih penanganan yang tepat dan sesuai penyakit pada padi.
Seandainya Indonesia Tanpa Pancasila
Authors: Widodo Lolika Dwiky
Published: December 2018

Pancasila merupakan ideologi yang sesuai dengan Indonesia karena mampu mewadahi heterogenitas Indonesia yang tinggi dengan beragamnya agama, adat, buadaya dan lain-lain. Pancasila memiliki arti penting bagi Indonesia sebagai identitas nasional yang kemudian menjadi ciri khas dari bangsa Indonesia yang berbeda dari bangsa yang lainnya namun bukan berarti menganggap rendah bangsa lain, tetapi harus tetap menjunjung persaudaraan dunia. Dalam perkembangannya, Pancasila juga mengalami berbagai dinamika interpretasi dari masa ke masa. Bila benar Pancasila itu masih ada pada setiap sanubari kita, Insyaallah persatuan dan kesatuan negeri ini tetap ada. Dan bila memang benar Pancasila itu masih melekat kuat dijiwa raga kita ini, Insyallah kita selalu mau untuk bertoleransi dalam kehidupan yang damai dan indah. Apabila pancasila tidak ada dalam diri Bangsa Indonesia maka negara ini akan keluar dari jalur kebenaran.
Pengaruh Agama dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Indonesia
Authors: Sugiarti Ika
Published: December 2018

Dewasa ini, banyak orang yag mudah tersulut emosi karena hal sensitif, agam misalnya. Agama merupakan panutan semua orang. Tidak semua orang menganut agama yang sama. Di Indonesia, terdapat banyak agama yang berbeda. Dengan perbedaan itu, kita harus mampu menanggapinya dengan bijak. Kita harus menjaga ucapan kita, sehingga tidak dianggap menyindir atau menista suatu agama. Berbicara tentang penistaan, di makalah ini saya mengambil kasus Ahok, dimana Ahok dianggap menista agama islam hingga dijatuhi hukuman tahanan selama 2 tahun. Sebenarnya hal ini tidak perlu dibesar-besarkan jika kita paham dengan maksud Ahok tersebut. Hanya, tidak semua orang mau terbuka dengan agama lain. Mereka hanya fokus pada satu agama sehingga menyebabkan pengetahuan tentang agama yang universal kurang dimengerti.
Sulis - Akuntansi Sore
Authors: Sore Sulistyowati / Akuntansi
Published: December 2018

Gotong royong merupakan bentuk kesatuan nilai dari Pancasila yang merupakan dasar dari Negara Indonesia. Di dalam gotong royong terdapat nilai-nilai Pancasila yang menjadi ciri kas atau identitas bangsa Indonesia yang seharusnya menjadi pijakan dan pedoman dalam hidup bermasyarakat. Dewasa ini Masyarakat Indonesia semakin jauh dari prinsip gotong royong dan lebih menonjolkan sikap individualisme yang semakin mendarah daging pada diri mereka. Opini ini berusaha untuk membuka pemikiran orang mengenai pentingnya gotong royong untuk diterapkan dan disosialisasikan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Sehingga sebagai bangsa Indonesia, masyarakat juga memiliki ciri kas yang sesuai dengan dasar negara yaitu Pancasila yang telah dikemas lagi dalam satu kesatuan yaitu gotong royong.
INTOLERANSI YANG MEMBAHAYAKAN PANCASILA DEWASA INI
Authors: VERANIKA RIA RESI
Published: December 2018

Pancasila merupakan Dasar Negara bangsa Indonesia. Dimana proses pembuatan Pancasila bersumber pada pemikiran-pemikiran tokoh bangsa Indonesia. Berlandaskan budaya bangsa Indonesia, sifat dan corak masyarakatnya serta tradisi-tradisi yang ada pada Negara Indonesia. Para tokoh tersebut tidak asal dalam merumuskan Dasar Negara. Mereka membutuhkan waktu berpikir yang matang untuk mendapatkan Dasar Negara yang bisa diakui dan diterapkan di Negara Indonesia.Sebagai pedoman hidup bangsa Indonesia, selayaknya kita sebagai rakyat Indonesia menanamkan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam Pancasila ke kehidupan kita sehari-hari.Indonesia memilikiri tradisi dan pemikiran tersendiri yang utamanya adalah Gotong Royong, yang mungkin tidak ada di Negara lain. Gotong Royong sangat melekat di jati diri bangsa Indonesia. Karena tradisi Gotong Royong sudah ada sejak zaman nenek moyang bangsa Indonesia sehingga menjadi tradisi yang sampai saat ini masih terus dijalankan.Termasuk juga toleransi sangatlah penting diterapkan di segala kehidupan manusia. Tidak hanya di Indonesia saja, namun di Negara luar juga. Banyak sekali kaum minoritas yang ada di Indonesia ini. Mereka membutuhkan bantuan dan juga perlindungan yang sama dengan kaum mayoritas. Jadi mereka tidak boleh diasingkan atau dikucilkan karena perbedaan.Namun keadaan toleransi di Indonesia saat ini berbeda dengan keadaan toleransi zaman dahulu. Sekarang banyak sekali rakyat Indonesia yang tidak bisa menghormati akan adanya perbedaan. Bahkan perbedaan pandangan, perbedaan agama sering sekali menjadi awal dalam suatu kerusuhan.Berbagai surve menguatkan bahwa itu semua terjadi karena ideology dan paham radikalisme telah menjangkiti pikiran sejumlah besar masyarakat. Sejalan dengan itu, rasa nasionalisme dan nilai-nilai kebangsaan terus menipis.Seperti inilah keadaan toleransi antar bangsa Indonesia. Tidak seperti dulu lagi yang sangat mengedepankan persatuan walaupun pilihan akan pimpinannya berbeda. Toleransi sebagai tonggak untuk menjaga persatuan suatu Negara agar bisa tentram dan aman.
TUGAS FILSAFAT PANCASILA DANIEL
Authors: Dewantara Agustinus , Daniel
Published: December 2018

Indonesia merupakan negara multikultural karena negara ini memiliki keragaman suku bangsa dan agama. Keragaman suku bangsa merupakan sekumpulan manusia yang memiliki suatu kesatuan budaya yang diikat oleh kesadaran dan identitas budaya tersebut. Di negara Indonesia, agama menjadi faktor terpenting dalam menjalin kehidupan secara bersama pada suatu wilayah atau kumpulan masyarakat. Indonesia terkenal sebagai negara majemuk. Hal ini tercermin dengan adanya semboyan yang menjadi pemersatu rakyat Indonesia “Bhineka Tunggal Ika” yang memiliki arti meski berbeda-beda tetapi tetap satu. Kemajemukan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia terdiri atas suku bangsa, budaya, agama, ras, dan bahasa. Negara menjadi kepemilikan bersama seluruh lapisan masyarakat Indonesia dalam berbagai macam perbedaan agama.Pendirian suatu negara pasti tidak akan pernah lepas dari suatu tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Tujuan merupakan suatu keinginan yang akan dicapai dan dikejar serta diusahakan oleh seluruh anggota masyarakat yang mendiami negara tersebut. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai tentu tidak akan pernah lepas dari kehidupan yang baik dalam tatanan hidup bersama. Menjadi suatu perkara yang rumit di negara Indonesia ini dengan berbagai macam keberagaman agama yaitu sulitnya memahami hubungan antara agama dan negara. Negara ini sejak pertama kali berdiri sudah berhadapan dengan situasi fakta kemajemukan sehingga perlu disatukan dengan membangun visi dan misi membangun Negara ini.Pancasila sebagai dasar negara diharapkan mampu menjadi landasan untuk dapat mempersatukan kemajemukan setiap lapisan masyarakat Indonesia. Sehingga dengan didasarkan pada Pancasila keanekaragaman budaya, suku, ras, dan agama menjadi pondasi terkuat bagi keutuhan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia.
PERBEDAAN KAMPANYE HITAM DAN NEGATIF SERTA HUBUNGANYA TERHADAP PERILAKU PEMILIH PADA PEMILIHAN PRESIDEN
Authors: Indrayanti Ratna Dewi
Published: December 2018

Penulisan ini bertujuan memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat akan adanya berbagai macam kampanye yang dilakukan dalam pilpres. Kampanye merupakan satu hal yang tidak bisa lepas dalam pemilihan umum. Banyak hal yang dilakukan dari hal positif sampai negatif. Cara apa saja akan dilakukan untuk mendapatkan banyak dukungan untuk dapat memenangkan pemilihan presiden. Kampanye negatif boleh dilakukan namun kampanye hitam dilarang dalam pemilihan umum. Kampanye negatif umumnya berisi fitnah-fitnah dan kampanye hitam adalah cara untuk membunuh karakter lawan dalam pemilihan umum. Masyarakat diharapkan sebagai pemilih cerdas yang tidak mudah terpengaruh isu-isu politik yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Kinerja yang dihasilkan bukan berdasarkan latar belakang dirinya tetapi apa yang hendak dilakukannya tentu berdasarkan data pengalaman yang nyata.
Pemerintahan di Era Dewasa ini yang Cenderung ke Bentuk Pemerintahan Otoriter dan Timocracy
Authors: W Retno Ayu
Published: December 2018

Negara Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki sistem politik yang berbentuk demokrasi. Dimana sistem politik demokrasi adalah suatu bentuk pemerintahan yang setiap warga negaranya memiliki hak yang setara dalam pengambilan suatu keputusan yang akan memberikan efek dalam kehidupan mereka. Demokrasi juga bisa diartikan sebagai bentuk kekuasaan tertinggi berada di tangan rakyat, atau secara singkat yaitu pemerintahan dari rakyat, oleh rakyat dan untuk rakyat. Tetapi faktanya di era dewasa ini, pengambilan keputusan lebih cenderung di latar belakangi oleh adanya pemerintahan dan pihak-pihak yang bersifat otoriter dan timocracy. Terutama PILPRES di tahun 2019 ini dimana terdapat banyak pihak yang bersifat demikian sehingga menimbulkan gerakan #2019GantiPresiden. Gerakan ini secara tidak langsung menimbulkan SARA dan memecah belah persatuan warga Indonesia.
our voices and thoughts are blocked by law
Authors: 32318401 alfina
Published: December 2018

Jika kita suara mayoritas lantas apakah kita yang mayoritas berhak menghakimi segelintir minoritas yang kita pun tak tahu kebenaran nya. Lalu apakah hukum kebebasan berpendapat hanya tunduk kepada yang mayoritas ? Apakah suara dari minoritas tak perlu di dengar ? Minoritas maupun mayoritas merupakan satu kesatuan yang membentuk sebuah Negara. Segala bentuk pemikiran yang disampaikan dalam bentuk suara dan pendapat mereka adalah suatu yang berharga. Suara tersebut sangat diperlukan untuk membawa negara ini ke arah yang lebih baik, Suara yang mampu membangun, mempersatukan serta mewujudkan Pancasila di Indonesia. Bukan hanya pendapat pribadi tanpa pikir panjang yang hanya akan menguntungkan segolongan orang atau mendapat kepuasan hati sesaat dan membuat negeri ini berjalan ke arah perpecahan.
FILSAFAT PANCASILA YANG MEMBANTU MANUSIA UNTUK MEMAHAMI MORAL DAN KEADILAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: QUR'ANI RIZCA FAHRULY PERDANA
Published: December 2018

Negara indonesia disebut sebagai negara hukum, Negara yang mempunyai landasan ideology yang berpegang teguh pada pancasila dan UUD’45. Pancasila dipahami sebagai sistem filsafat bangsa bersumber dari nilai – nilai budaya. Seiring perkembangan zaman nilai – nilai dan budaya pancasila itu sendiri mulai luntur atau bisa dikatakan mulai dilupakan sebagian masyarakat Indonesia.Banyak kejadian atau perilaku yang menyimpang dari nilai nilai luhur pancasila, misalnya dalam penggunaan narkoba, pembunuhan, korupsi, pemerkosaan, pencurian, hukuman yang tidak sebanding, dsb. Contoh penyimpangan tersebut bahkan sudah bertentangan dengan nilai nilai luhur yang ada di dalam pancasila. Diambil dari sila kelima yang berbunyi keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia, tetapi dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat kadang keadilan itu masih menyimpang.
Extent of Information and Communication Technology Skills Possessed by Librarians in University Libraries in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Nkamnebe Emenike Chiemeka , Okeke Ifeka Ejike , Udem Obiora Kingsley , Nkamnebe Chibuzor Blessing
Published: December 2018

Persistent innovations and advances in Information and Communication Technology have substantially modified the way information is acquired, processed, stored, retrieved, and communicated. This has consequently changed the ways the library, which is visibly and significantly placed in the profession of information management operates, hence creating the need for library and information professionals to be sufficiently skilled in ICT operations which are now necessary for effective information services delivery. However, users are seemingly starved with services which the library professionals are expected to deliver through the use of ICTs. This implies that librarians are possibly not conversant with ICTs that they might be unable to respond to users’ needs promptly and render excellent library service to users as well. This is an ugly situation and may likely bring discredit to librarians and library profession in this 21st Century. This study therefore surveyed extent of Information and Communication Technology skills possessed by librarians in the universities in Anambra State, Nigeria. The research design adopted for this study is descriptive survey. The population consists of thirty-three (33) librarians in the five universities in Anambra State. Population was small hence, the whole subjects were studied. Two instruments - achievement test and questionnaire were used for data collection. Data obtained were analyzed using simple percentages, frequencies, and mean rating. Findings of the study include: Librarians in the universities in Anambra State are weakly skilled in ICTs hence their overall average percentage score in ICT skills was 58.3%. Their average percentage scores in dimensions of ICT are as follows: Basic Computing 83%, File Management 71%, Word Processing, 76%, E-mail operations 54%, Automated Cataloguing and Classification/use of OPAC 42%, use of Library Automation Software 56%, use of the Internet/WWW 61%, Information Search and Retrieval 62%, Presentation using Microsoft Power Point, 40%, Database Creation/Management 38%. Average percentage scores showed that librarians are highly-skilled in Basic Computing, Word Processing, and File Management and are moderately-skilled in Information Search and Retrieval, Internet and World Wide Web. They are weakly-skilled in Library Automation, E-mail operations, and are not skilled in Automated Cataloguing and Classification/use of OPAC, presentation using Microsoft Power Point, Database Creation/Management. Challenges militating against librarians’ ICT skills acquisition were identified and solutions were proffered.
Information Literacy Competencies of Library and Information Science Postgraduate Students in South East Nigeria Universities: A Focus on the Knowledge and Skill Level
Authors: Anunobi Chinwe Veronica , Udem Obiora Kingsley
Published: December 2018

The study investigated the information literacy competencies possessed by Library and Information Science (LIS) postgraduate students in Federal Universities in South East Zone Nigeria with a focus on the Knowledge and skill level. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Seventy two students which included all 2011/2012 PhD and Masters degree students from the Departments of LIS in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka and University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Data was collected using Achievement Test and Questionnaire. Percentages, frequencies and mean rating were used to answer research questions. T-test was used to test hypotheses. The major findings of the study include: LIS postgraduate students in Federal Universities in South East Zone Nigeria possessed information literacy knowledge since the measure based on understanding the need for information, how to locate, evaluate and use information have average percentage scores of 95%, 87%, 82% and 88% respectively. However, the information literacy knowledge possessed by LIS Postgraduate students in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka (NAU) differed significantly from those possessed by LIS Postgraduate students in University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN); LIS postgraduate students possessed moderate level of information literacy skills as their level of information literacy skills as measured based on ability to locate and access, evaluate and use information has general mean rating of 3.34. However, the skills differed significantly between LIS Postgraduate students in NAU and UNN. Based on the findings, it was recommended that more practical aspect of information literacy should be employed through students’ industrial training and internship, and LIS curriculum should be enhanced especially with reference to skill acquisition.
To act fast or to bide time? Adaptive exploration under competitive pressure
Authors: Markant Douglas Benjamin , Phillips Nathaniel , Kareev Yaakov , Avrahami Judith , Hertwig Ralph
Published: December 2018

Competitive pressure affects a wide spectrum of decisions under uncertainty. It forces the individual to balance the value of gathering more information about the quality of potential choice alternatives against the risk that competitors will act first and claim the best options. Although this tradeoff between competition and exploration has long been recognized, little is known about how people adapt their exploration of uncertain options when facing competitive pressure. We examined how competitive pressure affects exploration in the “rivals-in-the-dark” game. Two players simultaneously learn about a set of choice options and compete to claim the best one. Across three studies, we show that people adapt their exploration in response to the structure of the choice environment (including the option set size and the relative number of gains and losses) and in response to repeated competition with the same opponent. Furthermore, we present a model-based analysis showing that their behavior is best described by a compensatory strategy under which the value of further exploration is weighed against the cost of being beaten to the punch by an opponent. The results point to a process of local adaptation whereby people learn to “act fast” based on their experience in a novel competitive environment.
Spatial Anticipatory Attentional Bias for Alcohol: A Preliminary Report on Reliability and Associations with Risky Drinking
Authors: Gladwin Thomas Edward
Published: December 2018

BackgroundAlthough risky drinking and alcohol dependence have been associated with spatial attentional biases, concerns have been raised about the reliability of the frequently-used dot-probe task. A form of anticipatory bias related to predictive cues has been found to be related to alcohol-related processes, and to have high reliability in the context of threat stimuli. It remains to be determined whether this anticipatory attentional bias also has good reliability for alcohol stimuli. Further, correlations with drinking-related individual differences need to be replicated.Methods83 healthy adult participants were included, who completed the task and questionnaires on risky drinking (AUDIT-C), drinking motives (DMQ-R), reasons to abstain from drinking (RALD), and alcohol craving (ACQ). The task used a 400 ms Cue-Stimulus Interval, based on previous work. The Spearman-Brown split-half reliability of reaction time-based bias scores was calculated. The within-subject effect of probe location (predicted-alcohol versus predicted-non-alcohol) was tested using a paired-sample t-test. Correlations were calculated between bias scores and questionnaire scales; tests were one-sided for predicted effects and two-sided for exploratory effects.ResultsA good reliability of .81 was found. There was no overall bias. A predicted correlation between risky drinking and anticipatory bias towards alcohol was found, but no other predicted or exploratory effects.ConclusionsThe anticipatory attentional bias for alcohol is a reliably measurable individual difference, with some evidence that it is associated with risky drinking. Implicit measure of spatial attentional bias can achieve high reliability. Further study of attentional biases using predictive cues would appear to be promising.
Opinion statement from Japanese psychologists
Authors: Miura Asako , Yamada Yuki , Hiraishi Kai , Omi Yasuhiro , Oshio Atsushi
Published: December 2018

This statement is a protest against irrelevant citation of psychological research for justification of unreasonable discrimination. Brief English version is in OSF supplemental materials (https://osf.io/e5yt4/). Please feel free to share!
Cultural capital and social revolution: Arts consumption in a major Russian city, 1991–2017
Authors: Sokolov Mikhail
Published: December 2018

What happens to cultural capital comprised of “prestigious cultural resources” when the whole system of economic inequality changes, and the group regarded as the major possessor and guardian of traditional status culture finds itself at the bottom of the new income distribution? The answer to this question may shed some light on two widely debated issues: (1) Is cultural capital essentially an instrument of exclusion adopted by economic-based classes, with the status dimension of social stratification being an epiphenomenon of class structure? (2) Is cultural participation governed by strategic status-seeking? This paper argues that possible combinations of answers to these questions suggest three different scenarios of reactions to the loosening of links between distribution of cultural and economic capital: “meltdown” (the failure of high culture to mark boundaries of an economically privileged group results in a considerable decline in cultural participation, particularly among younger individuals (DiMaggio and Mukhtar, 2004), “transfer” (status culture being taken over by the descendants of the new economically advantaged groups), and “permanence” (no significant change occurs). In this paper, we analyse a unique database which allows tracing arts participation rates by major categories of consumers in Saint Petersburg, Russia, between 1991 and 2017—the period of the emergence of capitalism, also widely regarded as the time of economic decline of the traditional Soviet intelligentsia. We argue that the evidence supports the permanence scenario, thus demonstrating the existence of an autonomous status hierarchy that can reproduce in generations irrespective of processes of re-distribution of wealth.
Strengthening the State: Logging and Neoliberal Politics in East New Britain, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Tammisto Tuomas
Published: December 2018

In this paper I will examine how logging in Papua New Guinea affects the relationship between the state and the local communities on whose lands logging operations take place. The point of departure of my argument is the Ili-Wawas Integrated Project, a combined logging and agricultural project which seeks to bring economic development to the remote Pomio district of East New Britain Province by connecting existing logging roads to the limited national road network around the provincial capital. Developing the national road network and creating standardized or—to use James Scott’s concept—legible environments can be seen as an integral part of state-making and strengthening the role of the state. In addition to the environment, the state also needs to make social life legible in forms of maps, censuses and laws. As I will argue in my paper, the Ili-Wawas, and other similar projects, may indeed strengthen the role of the state not only by creating the infrastructure and legibility needed by the state, but also in unintended and accidental ways. The side effects of logging and road building include, among others, fear of crime and land disputes. It is these that create among the locals a perceived need for state institutions, which may be as significant in advancing the role of the state as is the creation of infrastructure and legibility.
Aika, paikka ja historia Papua-Uuden-Guinean mengenien ympäristössä
Authors: Tammisto Tuomas
Published: December 2018

Tammisto, Tuomas 2012. Aika, paikka ja historia Papua-Uuden-Guinean mengenien ympäristössä. In Timo Kallinen, Anja Nygren and Tuomas Tammisto (eds.). Ympäristö ja kulttuuri. Helsinki: Unigrafia, 207–234.https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/35717
Enacting the Absent State: State-formation on the oil-palm frontier of Pomio (Papua New Guinea)
Authors: Tammisto Tuomas
Published: December 2018

Tammisto, Tuomas 2016. Enacting the Absent State: State-formation on the oil-palm frontier of Pomio (Papua New Guinea). Paideuma: Mitteilungen zur Kulturkunde 62: 51-68. In this article I examine the relationship between new oil-palm plantations and state-formation in Pomio, a remote rural district of East New Britain Province (Papua New Guinea). I am particularly interested in the kinds of spaces of governance produced by the new oil-palm plantations and how this contributes to state formation and territorialisation in Pomio.Plantations in Pomio do not became state-like spaces as a result of top-down processes alone, but also because of active worker initiatives. By contributing to state formation in this way, the inhabitants of Pomio also make claims on what the state should be like. While plantations become governable and statelike spaces, they do not produce simply governable subjects, nor do they produce a uniformly governable territory but an uneven space in which some places are more governable than others. The inhabitants of Pomio move between these places in their pursuit of different goals.