bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some aspects of the influence of extreme climatic factors on the physical performance of athletes
Authors: Kobelkova I. V. , Korosteleva M. M. , Nikityuk D. B.
Published: August 2022

Professional athletes often have to participate in competitions in climatic conditions that differ from the optimal or habitual ones for their place of residence. In this regard, it seems relevant to the question of how borderline and extreme external conditions (low and high ambient temperatures, changes in atmospheric pressure, altitude) affect sports performance and endurance. The review presents the biochemical mechanisms underlying the adaptation of athletes to environmental conditions. The human body maintains a fairly constant internal temperature (in some articles — the core) of the body at a level of 37 ± 10C throughout its life, despite a wide range of environmental parameters. The intensity of the processes providing for the release of heat is reflexively regulated. The neurons responsible for heat exchange are located in the center of thermoregulation of the hypothalamus. In the course of evolution, mammals have developed a variety of mechanisms for regulating body temperature, including nervous and humoral, that affect energy metabolism and behavioral responses. There are two ways of heat generation: contractile thermogenesis, due to contractions of skeletal muscles (a special case — cold muscle tremors), and non-contractile — when the processes of cellular metabolism are activated: lipolysis (in particular, brown adipose tissue) and glycolysis. When exposed to extreme ambient temperatures, the thermoregulatory system adjusts to maintain a stable core body temperature by preventing heat loss and increasing heat production in cold conditions, or increasing heat dissipation if the ambient temperature rises. The ambient temperature corresponding to 20–25 ºС on land and 30–35 ºС in water is considered thermoneutral for humans in a state of relative rest. However, any deviations from these conditions, especially against the background of intense physical exercise, can lead to functional overstrain, decreased endurance and sports performance.
THE JOURNEY SO FAR IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL ENROLMENT OF GIRLS AND PERFORMANCE IN GHANA: THE CASE OF KASSENA-NANKANA EAST MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Alua M. A. , Agalga J. , Akamba M.
Published: August 2022

Empowering the girl child has long been the goal of many countries especially countries hard hit by gender disparity in education. Ghana, just like other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, has implemented policies to help address gender disparity in education. This study sought to assess factors that limit female enrolment and performance despite policies and programmes put in place to solve gender disparity in education. Using a quantitative research approach, questionnaires were administered to 1,070 students and 170 teachers. Secondary data on enrolment and performance were also acquired from the Kassena-Nankana East Municipal office of the Ghana Education Service. The study revealed that though enrolment in senior high schools increased for both boys and girls from 2010/2011 to 2019/2020 academic years, girls still lagged behind boys in enrolment and performed inversely in the West African Senior School Certificate Examination. Poor parental control, peer pressure, teenage pregnancy, poverty, early marriage and betrothal, and gender roles, still have significant effects on female enrolment. Access to money for upkeep affects the concentration of girls in school while policies and programmes put in place to help address gender disparity, are riddled with limitations. The way forward is to ensure that policies meet their goals as well as encouraging girls to take education serious through initiatives such as rewarding brilliant students and enhancing mentorship in schools.
Keywords: Girl child, Enrolment, Performance, Senior high school, Challenges.
GENDER AND PEACE-BUILDING: NAWURI WOMEN AND PEACE-BUILDING INITIATIVES IN THE KPANDAI DISTRICT IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF GHANA
Authors: Mbowura C.
Published: August 2022

Scholarship on Nawuri history, sociocultural, economic and political institutions and organizations has provided little space for gender issues. Similarly, the narratives on the Nawuri-Gonja conflict, particularly its resolution and search for peace, have failed to situate peace-building encounters and initiatives within gender perspectives. This study examines the roles of Nawuri women in peace-building in Kpandai and its environs after the Nawuri-Gonja conflict of the 1990s. It examines the sociocultural tools and nomenclatures – the magico-religious rituals, songs, demonstrations and outreach programmes – that Nawuri women utilized to promote peace and advance peace-building initiatives in Kpandai and its environs after the Nawuri-Gonja conflict. By blending together data from monographs, field research and archival materials, this study constructs a coherent narrative on the contributions of Nawuri women to peace-building in Kpandai and its environments over the past three decades. It argues that Nawuri women appropriated issues and events in their sociocultural settings to advance the course of peace and peace-building in their environment after the Nawuri-Gonja conflict of the 1990s.
Keywords: Conflict, Peace-building, alijii, ejii, chankpana, Nawuri, Gonja, sociocultural, Baya, women.
Características de la infección de Helicobacter pylori en un hospital privado de Lima, experiencia del 2019 y revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Yoza Yoshidaira Max , Carrasco Navarro Roberto Maximiliano , Li Salvatierra Bruno , Bustios Sánchez Carla , Contardo Zambrano Carlos , Palacios Salas Fernando , Miyagui Maeda Juan , Niebuhr Kakiuchi Juan , Canales Sevilla Olivia , Monge Zapata Victor
Published: August 2022

Las enfermedades digestivas representan la cuarta causa de atención ambulatoria en los centros sanitarios peruanos, siendo la gastritis y las úlceras pépticas las más comunes. El presente es un estudio retrospectivo, de corte transversal , de tipo descriptivo, de análisis secundario de datos de historias clínicas,  para evaluar la prevalencia de Helicobacter pylori en pacientes sometidos a endoscopia digestiva alta durante el año 2019 en la Clínica Delgado , Lima , Perú. Asociación entre el sexo masculino ( PRa 1.27 , IC95% 1.10 - 1.48 , p <0.001) , categorías de la edad y resultado de endoscopia digestiva alta (PRa 2.53 , IC95% 2.16 - 2.97 , p<0.001) fueron reportados. Se recomienda , a partir de estos hallazgos , determinar otras causas de gastritis, especialmente en las mujeres jóvenes con gastritis crónica profunda. Además, presentamos una revisión de la literatura científica del Perú sobre los factores asociados a la positividad de Helicobacter Pylori en los resultados de la endoscopia digestiva superior.
Tracing the Definition of Literacy and Making Out-Of-School Literacies Visible in Ghanaian Schools
Authors: F. Edu-Buandoh Dora
Published: August 2022

This paper explores the changing definition of literacy to literacies and discusses how outof- school literacies can be made to positively impact school literacy in Ghana and other communities. Recent research has shown that there are multiple literacies in addition to school literacy that individuals use to negotiate their lives as members of any community. Using published literature, the paper develops an argument that the definition of literacy has changed and that out-of-school literacy has a functional place in the development of school literacy in Ghanaian schools and schools elsewhere
Gestão de Riscos de Acidentes de Trabalho na Indústria da Construção Civil: Revisão Bibliográfica
Authors: Ensslin Leonardo , Gonçalves Alex , Dutra Ademar , Rolim Ensslin Sandra
Published: August 2022

A construção civil é um dos setores mundiais com maior número de acidentes de trabalho e tem deixado um legado anual de milhões de pessoas mortas ou com lesões permanentes. O objetivo da pesquisa é perscrutar o tema Gestão de Riscos de Acidentes de Trabalho na Indústria da Construção Civil, por meio de uma revisão de literatura das publicações internacionais a fim de evidenciar os destaques das principais características dessa área de conhecimento. Como instrumento de intervenção, utilizou-se a ferramenta Knowledge Development Process-Constructivist (ProKnow-C). O portfólio foi composto por 25 artigos, o mais relevante: Vinodkumar & Bhasi (2010). O autor de destaque é Hinze. O periódico recorrente é o Safety Science. As palavras-chave de destaque: construction safety, safety management, process safety e construction. Este estudo colabora com conhecimentos aos pesquisadores ao iniciar uma pesquisa sobre o tema, pois configuram estudos com potencial contribuição para o estado da arte.
Social Presence Online Tutoring: A study of Peer Effect Mechanism
Authors: Isriyah Mudafiatun
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether Social Presence affects students' learning completeness in distance learning? at the University of PGRI Argopuro Jember (N = 600), the assessment was measured by Grade-Point Average (GPA). Data, obtained from variables consisting of: variable composition of students, class environment and the average value of students. Previous research has stated that Social Presence affects positive attitudes that have an impact on student learning mastery. It was found that the effect of learning enthusiasm that affects learning success with a high GPA difference was found. Students with high social presence get a complete average score in all of their competencies. The results show that the effects that influence students on the composition of Social Presence and frame factors are class composition, student interaction, and teacher interaction.
Upaya Meningkatkan Manajemen Waktu Melalui Bimbingan Klasikal Model Project Based Learning (PjBL) pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Prasetya Bayu , Prasetiawan Hardi
Published: August 2022

This research is a Guidance and Counseling Action Research (PTBK). Action research is essentially a series of "actions" carried out in a series of problem solving. This study examines the problem of student time management which is still low. Next, action is given in the form of implementing a classical model project based learning (PjBL) guidance service. this research was conducted at the high school Srijaya Negara Palembang. The research subjects were students of class XI MIPA 1 who collected 33 students who experienced problems related to time management and teacher performance which had to be developed in the classical guidance service of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model. The results of the research carried out were obtaining a significant increase in value, with an average pre-cycle result of 47%, cycle I: 68%, cycle II: 87%. From the results of the study it can be said that the classical model of Project Based Learning (PjBL) guidance services in an effort to improve the time management of students in class XI MIPA 1 Srijaya Negara Palembang High School experienced an increase in students' time management.
Adaptasi Bahasa Skala Niat Mencari Bantuan Kesehatan Mental
Authors: Ratih Dewi Woro , Maba Aprezo Pardodi , Hernisawati Hernisawati
Published: August 2022

Skala niat mencari bantuan kesehatan mental masih jarang mendapat perhatian dari para peneliti di Indonesia. Penulis meyakini bahwa niat mencari bantuan ini perlu diukur untuk mengetahui keadaan faktual kemungkinan seseorang menggunakan layanan kesehatan mental. Oleh karena itu, dalam artikel ini, penulis melakukan adaptasi instrumen niat mencari bantuan dari Bahasa Inggris ke Bahasa Indonesia. Penulis melakukan beberapa tahap dalam adaptasi 1) meminta izin kepada pemilik instrumen, 2) melakukan penerjemahan instrumen ke Bahasa Indonesia dilakukan oleh beberapa orang yang memiliki kompetensi, 3) melakukan ekuivalensi hasil terjemahan, 4) melakukan back-translate ke Bahasa Inggris, 5) melakukan validasi (Ahli Bahasa dan Pengguna), dan 6) melakukan analisis menggunakan V-Aiken. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adaptasi bahasa instrumen niat mencari bantuan masuk dalam kategori valid dengan  nilai V-Aiken=0,80. Dengan demikian, instrumen niat mencari bantuan yang diadaptasi sudah dapat diujikan lebih lanjut untuk melihat validitas internal dan reliabilitasnya.
The Central Character in Nageeb Mahfuth’s Novel Meramar: An Analytical Study
Authors: Othman Aryan Abdulqader
Published: August 2022

This study examines the central character in Nageeb Mahfuth’s novel Meramar aiming at disclosing the nature of this character in the novel. The study also explains the direct and indirect ways of presenting this character and its various prototypes such as the maid, the journalist, the retired, the feudal, the opportunist, and the educated resistant. The paper then studies the different dimensions of this central character like the outward dimension, the intellectual and psychological dimensions all through the analytical study of all its various forms- artistic, objective, psychological, and social mainly to achieve an inclusive vision of revealing the novel’s characters.
Understanding China’s Geoeconomic Maneuver Against Ethiopia Through an Energy Geopolitical Perspective
Authors: Dionius Christopher Aurel
Published: August 2022

Departing from the need for energy supply which increases every year, China's foreign policy through the Belt Road Initiative (BRI) is trying to maneuver against areas in the world, including Africa. The African region is one of the regions in that China has given various kinds of assistance to trigger economic growth for countries in the region. Where one of the countries that China is aiming for is Ethiopia as a landlocked country, this research will provide an analytical description of China's interests in geoeconomic maneuvering against Ethiopia through the perspective of energy geopolitics. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods in data collection, the material of which is sourced from the existing literature. Research on China's geoeconomic maneuvers against Ethiopia shows that China needs Ethiopia as an access point for energy transportation to be channeled to the State of Djibouti, where the country has one of the largest ports in the world and is strategically located in the world's trade routes.
TERAPI AKUPRESUR UNTUK MELANCARKAN ASI PADA IBU MENYUSUI DI KLINIK MADINA MEDAN TEMBUNG
Authors: Nugraeny Lolita , Sumiatik Sumiatik , Hayati Nila
Published: August 2022

Salah satu faktor yang paling umum terkait dengan gagalnya pemberian ASI Eksklusif adalah faktor ASI belum keluar dan pandangan ibu bahwa produksi ASInya tidak cukup. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI diantaranya adalah terapi akupresur . Terapi akupresur atau bisa dikenal dengan terapi totok/tusuk jari merupakan pemijatan dan stimulasi pada titik-titik tertentu di daerah tubuh. Pada stimulasi akupresur akan ditransmisikan ke sum-sum tulang belakang dan otak melalui saraf akson. Sehingga terjadi rangsangan sinyal mencapai ke otak. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan terapi akupresure untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI pada ibu menyusui di Klinik Madina Medan Tembung. Jenins pengabdian ini adalah melakukan pendidikan kesehatan tentang teknik akupresur serta pembagian leaflet. Pelaksanan kegiatan ini dapat menambaha pengetahuan untuk melancarkan ASI dengan terapi akupresur.
PROMOSI KESEHATAN UNTUK MENINNGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN IBU NIFAS TENTANG TEHNIK MENYUSUI DENGAN KEJADIAN PUTING SUSU LECET DI KLINIK DEBY CYNTIA YUN TAHUN 2022
Authors: Ratna Dewi Eva , Natalia Br. Sinuhaji Lidya , Falentina Tarigan Eka , Doddy Markus , Simanjuntak Simanjuntak , Marjuang Purba Edy , Azizah Nur , Oktaviani Nursi , Atika Sari Mayla
Published: August 2022

Puting yang sakit dapat disebabkan oleh posisi menyusui yang tidak tepat, tetapi dapat juga disebabkan oleh sariawan (kandidat) atau dermatitis dan juga dengan menggunakan sabun, alkohol, krim, dll untuk mencuci puting. Berdasarkan hasil Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia. Kegagalan dalam proses menyusui seringkali disebabkan oleh beberapa masalah. Bagi sebagian ibu yang tidak mengetahui cara menyusui yang benar, bisa menjadi masalah saat menyusui. Masalah menyusui adalah bahwa di atas usia 25, sepertiga wanita di dunia (36%) tidak menyusui karena payudara dan puting bengkak. Kurangnya pengetahuan ibu merupakan salah satu faktor internal yang menyebabkan ibu gagal memberikan ASI eksklusif pada bayinya karena teknik menyusui yang tidak tepat sehingga menyebabkan ibu mengalami nyeri puting hingga nutrisi bayi tidak terpenuhi. Kurangnya pengetahuan ini dapat disebabkan oleh ibu yang belum pernah mendapatkan informasi tentang teknik menyusui yang benar, sehingga ibu sering mengalami puting yang sakit. Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang teknik menyusui yang benar agar ibu tidak mengalami nyeri puting. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan di Puskesmas Deby Cyntia Yun dengan 20 ibu nifas yang mengevaluasi kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan metode pretest dan posttest. Hampir rata-rata ibu nifas diberikan promosi kesehatan (Edukasi) tentang teknik menyusui yang benar dengan terjadinya puting susu pada anak yang sebelumnya hanya memberikan ASI sebentar karena ibu sakit, karena ibu tidak mengetahuinya. , Setelah diberikan Promosi Kesehatan (penyuluhan), hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu tentang teknik menyusui yang benar masih kurang. Setelah diberikan Promosi Kesehatan (penyuluhan) didapatkan hasil 40% pengetahuan ibu baik dan 55% pengetahuan ibu cukup. ) dan rasa ingin tahu ibunya sendiri. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa tenaga kesehatan membutuhkan edukasi yang luas kepada masyarakat, terutama bagi ibu hamil yang akan memiliki anak dan memberikan ASI eksklusif. Bagi masyarakat sebaiknya lebih giat lagi dalam pelayanan kesehatan, betapa pentingnya memberikan ASI eksklusif dengan benar.
Columnar and surface urban aerosol in the Moscow megacity according to measurements and simulations with the COSMO-ART model
Authors: Chubarova Natalia E. , Vogel Heike , Androsova Elizaveta E. , Kirsanov Alexander A. , Popovicheva Olga B. , Vogel Bernhard , Rivin Gdaliy S.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Urban aerosol pollution was analyzed over the Moscow
megacity region using the COSMO-ART (COSMO – COnsortium for Small-scale MOdelling, ART – Aerosols and Reactive Trace gases) online coupled
mesoscale model system and intensive measurement campaigns at the Moscow
State University Meteorological Observatory (MSU MO, 55.707∘ N,
37.522∘ E) during the April–May period in 2018 and 2019. We analyzed mass concentrations of particulate matter with diameters smaller than 10 µm (PM10), black carbon (BC) and aerosol gas precursors (NOx, SO2, CHx) as well as columnar aerosol parameters for fine and coarse modes
together with different meteorological parameters, including an index characterizing the intensity of particle dispersion (IPD). Both model and experimental datasets have shown a statistically significant linear
correlation of BC with NO2 and PM10 mass concentrations, which
indicates mostly common sources of emissions of these substances. There was
a pronounced increase in the BC/PM10 ratio from 0.7 % to 5.9 %, with the decrease in the IPD index related to the amplification of the atmospheric
stratification. We also found an inverse dependence between the BC/PM10
ratio and columnar single-scattering albedo (SSA) for the intense air mixing conditions. This dependence together with the obtained negative correlation
between wind speed and BC/PM10 may serve as an indicator of changes in the absorbing properties of the atmosphere due to meteorological factors. On
average, the relatively low BC / PM10 ratio (for urban regions) of 4.7 % is the cause of the observed relatively high SSA = 0.94 in Moscow. Using long-term
parallel aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements over the 2006–2020 period
at the MSU MO and under upwind clean background conditions at Zvenigorod Scientific Station (ZSS) of the IAP RAS (55.7∘ N, 36.8∘ E), we estimated the
urban component of AOD (AODurb) and some other parameters as the
differences at these sites. The annual mean AODurb at 550 nm was about
0.021 with more than 85 % of the fine aerosol mode. The comparisons between AODurb obtained from the model and measurements during this experiment have
revealed a similar level of aerosol pollution of about AODurb=0.015–0.019, which comprised 15 %–19 % of the total AOD at 550 nm. The urban
component of PM10 (PM10urb) was about 16 µg m−3
according to the measurements and 6 µg m−3 according to the
COSMO-ART simulations. We obtained a pronounced diurnal cycle of
PM10urb and urban BC (BCurb) as well as their strong correlation with the IPDs. With the IPD index change from 3 to 1 at night, there was
about a 4 times increase in PM10urb (up to 30–40 µg m−3) and a 3 times increase in BCurb (up to 3–3.5 µg m−3). At the same time, no pronounced daily cycle was found for the columnar urban aerosol
component (AODurb), although there was a slight increase in model
AODurb at night.
Novel Arctic sea ice data assimilation combining ensemble Kalman filter with a Lagrangian sea ice model
Authors: Cheng Sukun , Chen Yumeng , Aydoğdu Ali , Bertino Laurent , Carrassi Alberto , Rampal Pierre , Jones Christopher K. R. T.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Advanced data assimilation (DA) methods, widely used in geophysical and climate studies to merge observations with numerical models, can improve the state estimates and consequent forecasts. We interface the deterministic Ensemble Kalman filter (DEnKF) to the Lagrangian sea ice model, neXtSIM. The ensemble is generated by perturbing the atmospheric and oceanic forcing throughout the simulations and randomly initialized ice cohesion. Our ensemble-DA system assimilates sea ice concentration (SIC) from the Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI-SAF) and sea ice thickness (SIT) from the merged CryoSat-2 and SMOS datasets (CS2SMOS). Because neXtSIM is computationally solved on a time-dependent evolving mesh, it is a challenging application for ensemble DA. As a solution, we perform the DEnKF analysis on a fixed reference mesh, where model variables are interpolated before the DA and then back to each member's mesh after the DA. We evaluate the impact of assimilating different types of sea-ice observations on the model's forecast skills of the Arctic sea ice by comparing against satellite observations and a free-run ensemble in an Arctic winter period, 2019–2020. Significant improvements in modeled SIT indicate the importance of assimilating weekly CS2SMOS SIT, while the improvement of SIC and ice extent are moderate but benefit from daily ingestion of the OSI-SAF SIC. In contrast, the bivariate improvements between SIC and SIT are unobvious. Our ensemble-DA system based on the stand-alone sea ice model is computationally efficient and demonstrates comparable skills to operational forecasting models that use DA.
Glacier Energy and Mass Balance (GEMB v1.0): A model of firn processes for cryosphere research
Authors: Gardner Alex , Schlegel Nicole-Jeanne , Larour Eric
Published: August 2022

Abstract. This paper provides the first description of version 1.0 of the open-source Glacier Energy and Mass Balance model. GEMB models the ice sheet and glacier surface-atmospheric energy and mass exchange, and firn state. It is a column model (no horizontal communication) of intermediate complexity that includes those processes deemed most relevant to glacier studies with the goal of retaining computational efficiency that can accommodate the very long (thousands of years) spin-ups necessary for initializing deep firn columns and for running sensitivity experiments to characterize model uncertainty on continental scales. The model is one-way coupled with the atmosphere which allows the model to be run off-line with a diversity of climate forcing but neglects feedback to the atmosphere. GEMB provides numerous parameterization choices for various key processes (e.g. albedo, subsurface shortwave absorption, and compaction), making it well suited for uncertainty quantification and model exploration. The model is evaluated against the current state-of-the-art and in situ observations and is shown to perform well.
DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN AKTOBE REGION
Authors: Балгинова К.М. , Шакибаев М.К. , Сагиндыкова Г.М. , Юсупов У.Б. , Balginova K. , Shakibaev M. , Sagindykova G. , Yussupov U.
Published: August 2022

Қазіргі уақытта шағын және орта кәсіпкерлік өңірдің қажеттіліктеріне айқын бағдарланған ұлттық және өңірлік экономиканың ажырамас бөлігі болып табылады. Сондықтан шағын және орта кәсіпкерлікті дамыту жеке алынған өңір үшін де, жалпы ел үшін де бірдей маңызды. Жетекші шет елдердің тәжірибесі халықты жұмыспен қамтуда, нарық қажеттіліктерін қанағаттандыруда және өңірлік және ұлттық экономиканы дамытуда шағын және орта кәсіпкерліктің қоғамдық маңыздылығын растайды. Бәсекелестік пен жаһанданудың шиеленісуінің қазіргі жағдайында мемлекет кәсіпкерлікті қолдау мен дамыту үшін мүмкіндіктерді қарастырып, іске асыра отырып және қаражат бөле отырып, бір мезгілде көптеген елдердің дамуын қамтамасыз етеді. Шағын және орта кәсіпкерлік белгілі бір табыстарға жетті, алайда Қазақстанда ол экономиканың маңызды секторы ретінде қоғамның дамуына әлі де ықпал ете алмайды. Ел экономикасындағы шағын және орта кәсіпкерліктің рөлін және оның қолда бар әлеуетін елемеу стратегиялық есептеу сипатына ие болады. Сондықтан шағын және орта кәсіпкерлікті қолдаудың тиімді мемлекеттік саясатын әзірлеу, оның жұмыс істеуі үшін қолайлы жағдайлар жасау мемлекеттің экономикалық саясатының маңызды бөлігі болып табылады. Мақалада Ақтөбе облысының мысалында шағын және орта кәсіпкерліктің жағдайы мен дамуы зерттелген. Мемлекет тарапынан көрсетілетін қолдау қарастырылды

Currently, small and medium-sized enterprises are an integral part of the national and regional economy, clearly focused on the needs of the region. Therefore, the development of small and medium-sized businesses is equally important, both for a particular region and for the country as a whole.The experience of leading foreign countries also confirms the social importance of small and medium-sized enterprises in providing employment, meeting market needs and developing regional and national economies. In modern conditions of increasing competition and globalization, the state, considering and realizing opportunities and allocating funds to support and develop entrepreneurship, simultaneously ensures the development of many countries.Small and medium-sized enterprises have achieved some success, but in Kazakhstan, as the most important sector of the economy, it still does not have an impact on the development of society. Ignoring the role of small and medium-sized enterprises in the country's economy and its existing potential, acquires the character of a strategic miscalculation. Therefore, the development of an effective state policy to support small and medium-sized businesses, the creation of favorable conditions for its functioning is an important part of the economic policy of the state.The article examines the state and development of small and medium-sized businesses on the example of the Aktobe region. The support provided by the state is considered.
Women Employment Through Local Governments: A Comparative Analysis of Authoritarian and Democratic Regimes (2001-2015)
Authors: Bukhari Syed Burhan Rafay , Hamzah Muhammad , Bukhari Syed Wajdan Rafay
Published: August 2022

The gendered social structure of any general population anticipates an essential action in the charming and confined status of women, as women contain half of the world's done individuals yet not considered as proportionate to the male or controlled piece of society. Political fortifying of women is positively not the primary consideration in making women socially, purposely, or monetarily self-administering. Or then again, perhaps, it is vital for the explanation and progress of society. The mother anticipates an essential movement in the supporting of kids, as near women acknowledge a fundamental action in the advancement of society. Strengthening of women makes women free monetarily, at any rate, the political fortifying of women accumulates her self-governing politically in taking her choice to choose an option as exhibited by her consent, making her stable to challenge races, pick her self-overseeing in essential power and planning practices in help and progress of society. Women' delineation in Local Government raises the voices of conventional women from ground level.
Synthesis of the PID Algorithm for Models of Objects with Double Astatism and Dead Time
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Izvoreanu Bartolomeu , Fiodorov Ion ,   Technical University of Moldova, Cojuhari Irina ,   Technical University of Moldova, Secrieru Adrian ,   Technical University of Moldova, Moraru Dumitru ,   Technical University of Moldova, Potlog Mihail ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

The paper summarizes the tuning algorithm for models of objects with inertia and astatism of the second degree and dead time, which describe the dynamics of various technical objects and technological processes. These models of tuned objects have the original double pole and a negative pole and an infinity of poly-zeros due to the dead time component. In order to tune the PID controller algorithm to the model of the given object, the algorithm was elaborated based on the analytical method of the maximum degree of stability. The dead time component approximates by the Pade approximants with nonminimal phase. For the approximate object model, the PID algorithm is synthesized using the maximum degree method with iterations. In order to verify the results obtained at the synthesis of the PID algorithm by the analytical method and method with iterations of the maximum degree of stability, the synthesis of the tuned algorithm was performed using the method of polynomial equations. An example of a system with the control object model and the controller synthesized according to these methods with computer simulation in the MATLAB package was examined and the system performance was analyzed. The advantages of the method of the maximum degree of stability with iterations through reduced calculations and minimum time are highlighted, which lead to the simplification of the procedure for tuning the PID algorithm for these object models and higher system robustness.
Multi-Criteria Distributed Decision-Making System Based on Genetic Algorithms
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Țurcan Ana , Borozan Olesea ,   Technical University of Moldova, Munteanu Silvia ,   Technical University of Moldova, Ababii Constantin ,   Technical University of Moldova, Nistiriuc Ana ,   Technical University of Moldova, Șestacov Andrei ,   Technical University of Moldova, Struna Vadim ,   Technical University of Moldova, Lașco Victor ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

This thesis comprises the results of designing a distributed decision-making system in multi-criteria areas. The distributed decision-making system is the architecture of homogenous data-processing devices that form a Wireless network with Mesh topology. The decision-making process is based on finding an optimal solution that is implemented through the use of genetic algorithms. Aiming to identify the initial population of the genetic algorithm, there shall be calculated the partial derivative for each variable for the ordered process. The results of partial derivative serve as an identifier of values from the Chromosome structure. There have been developed in this thesis: general algorithm of system functioning; population structure formed of Chromosomes and Genes; methodology of calculation of component values of the initial population; and an example of implementation of the distributed decision-making system based on Node MCU ESP32 devices.
Cultural Heritage Digitisation Using Game with a Purpose
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Luca Maria , Bobicev Victoria ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

The digitisation of cultural heritage is a priority area in the European Union. This task require a close collaboration between researchers in humanities and computer scientists. The paper presents our effort to create a a training set of recognized handwritten text. To this mean we propose an online game with a purpose (GWAP). This is a human-based computing technique in which some stages of a computational process are transmitted to humans in a form of an online game. The input of the game is a line of handwritten text and the user have to type in its transcription. We investigated how to make this in an attractive and enthralling way in order to involve more users and obtain a large set of transcribed texts.
A Second Order-Cone Programming Relaxation for Days-Off Scheduling Problem
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Istrati Daniela , Moraru Vasile ,   Technical University of Moldova, Zaporojan Sergiu ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

This paper relates the numerical solution of one of the well-known problems related to production systems. Namely, it is about Days-Off Scheduling Problem, which is reformulated in terms of non-convex minimization problems with quadratic constraints. After relaxation of the above problem, a model based on second-order cone programming is obtained.
Using Luong's attention mechanism and simple classifiers to make people overcome psychological illnesses
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Păpăluță Vasile
Published: August 2022

Conversational AI is the set of technologies behind automated messaging and speech-enabled applications that offer human-like interactions between computers and humans. It can communicate like a human by recognizing speech and text, understanding intent, deciphering different languages, and responding in a way that mimics human conversation. The objectives of this research are to explore the applicability of conversational AI technology in creating a chatbot for assisting people struggling with psychological illnesses and mental dysfunctions. The main hypothesis is that having an NLP system containing an NLG submodule (module for generation of the Natural text) and an NLU submodule (module for recognizing the emotional state of the person using this chatbot. We use an NLU submodule because we can’t rely only on the artificially generated text as a response for a person in an awful emotional state. Even more, we can use the information from the NLU submodule for stronger strategies generation to ensure emotional support. The system represents a chatbot with two NLP modules, Natural Language Generation, being represented by a Seq2Seq Neural Network with the Loung’s attention mechanism, and a Natural Language Understanding module represented by a classical classification NLP Pipeline that classifies the text in multiple emotional state classes. To interact with the user it uses the Telegram API and is able to save the user messages and the chatbot answers into a simple SQLite Data Base. Even if this implementation wouldn’t replace the real psychologists, with accurate management and maybe with additional inputs for professionals in psychology it may become a tool for detecting people with possible psychological and mental illnesses which can become the first step in further therapy with a real psychologist.
Knowledge-based Civilizations: the Search of Development (Socio-Philisophical Trends)
Authors:   Institute for Parliamentarism and Entrepreneurship, Belarus, Kotlyarov Igor
Published: August 2022

Knowledge-based civilizations are considered as new socio-philosophical phenomena, the complexity of conceptualizing their initial attitudes is shown. The article substantiates the need to develop a theory of civilizational coding as a mechanism for the formation of new knowledge that affects the socioeconomic and spiritual and moral development of civilizations, the acceleration of economic growth of states, the increase in the level of spirituality of a person and society in the conditions of challenges, risks and bifurcations. An attempt has been made to create a civilizational paradigm of concrete actions based on the acquisition and use of new knowledge, allowing to determine the meanings and guidelines for the development of various events, to identify the causes that determine certain negative phenomena.
Civilizational Code as a Definition, a New Scientific Discipline and an Innovative Paradigm (Socio-Political Trends)
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of NAS of Belarus, Nadolskaya Viktoryia
Published: August 2022

The work explores the concept of a civilizational code, its features, structure, functions and analysis of the main subjects. The author's definition of the concepts of civilization code and code relations is proposed. The study of the civilizational code allows us to consider it not only as a scientific concept, but also as a teaching discipline and a scientific paradigm that would not only reveal the essence and content of the meanings and guidelines for the development of local societies, but also analyze the causes that determine the processes and phenomena taking place in society.
The specific of IT Recruitment and what is the biggest challenge for an IT Recruiter
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Gujuman Lucia , Sava Lilia ,   Technical University of Moldova, Sorochin Serafima ,   Technical University of Moldova, Mardari Tamara ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

Recruitment includes the process of sourcing, attracting, interviewing, selecting, hiring and onboarding employees. In other words, it involves everything from the identification of a staffing need to filling it. Finding good, loyal employees is hard. IT Recruitment puts emphasize more on sourcing. It assumes that IT companies need to find their candidates, not just waiting for applicants. Because in IT industry the jobs are looking for candidates, not viceversa. So, the purpose of this topic is to explain why IT Recruitment is so different from other industries and what is the biggest challenge for an IT Recruiter, nowadays.
Mission Monitor and Control Platform for TUMnanoSAT Ground Segment
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Ilco Valentin , Varzaru Vladimir ,   Technical University of Moldova, Secrieru Nicolae ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

This document will cover the overview, development and implementation of mission control platform for TUMnanoSAT, a CubeSat developed at Technical University of Moldova. A mission control platform is essential for a space mission in order to command and control different subsystems, monitor their health, process telemetry and useful data, receive and control requests but also in presented scenario it should be strongly linked to radio software defined architecture from ground station.
Empirical Study of Cyber Security Threats in Moldovan Higher Education Institutions
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Alexei Arina , Nistiriuc Pavel ,   Technical University of Moldova, Alexei Anatol ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have always been the target of cyber attacks due to the information assets they hold. The move to online study as a result of restrictions imposed in the spring of 2020 has led to increased cyber security threats to academia due to the vulnerabilities of online learning platforms and video conferencing applications. The hypothesis of this paper was that Moldovan Higher Education Institutions had to face cyber security challenges similar to international higher education institutions, through the empirical study, the use of the questionnaire-based survey to collect quantitative data from stakeholders of the institutions. The results of the survey conducted between September and November 2020, showed that HEIs in Moldova are targeted by cyber attacks as well as international ones and the nature of threats is mostly the same, namely: malware, phishing and DoS attacks.
Task Completion Time Evaluation in Moving Target Defense Cloud Environment Based on Matrix SRN With Z-Fuzzy Parameters
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Sclifos Alexei , Sclifos Emilia ,   Technical University of Moldova, Gutuleac Emilian ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

Moving Target Defense (MTD) has recently emerged as a game-changing technique in confronting cyber attacks and defending cloud computing systems (CCS) and computer networks (CN). A MTD technique randomly modifies the configurations of the attacked CCS, thus creating great uncertainties of the attack surface against cyber-intruders. In this paper, is proposed an analytical modeling approach based on the Matrix Stochastic Reward Nets (MSRN) with fuzzy parameters, that allows attacker’s behaviors compact modeling and analysis of the impact in which the use of a MTD technique influences the completion processing time of a running task by CCS. A numerical case study is presented to analyze the impact of different parameters on the expected task completion time and other evaluation metrics.
Interest based adaptive billboard content management
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Moraru Victor , Cărbune Viorel ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

The street advertising has undergone some significant changes last years: the traditional advertising billboards are progressively replaced by electronic display devices (LED screens) that are able to change the content in real-time and enable the dynamic content management. This paper aims to develop an adaptive advertising strategy based on the preference of the audience in front of the screen. Each person own on his smartphone special software in order to set up his interests in advertising broadcast. In this way the people define their profiles hat are collected by the billboard which selects the most appropriate type of advertising to be broadcasted at that time. The proposed method aims to transform a simple display equipment into intelligent one able to adapt the broadcasted content to the requirements of the nearness people. It aims to maximize the efficiency of billboard operation and, at the same time, to bring satisfaction to the audience.
Sustainable development of the Republic of Moldova on reducing water pollution through the prism of software tools
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Sava Nina , Marusic Galina ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: August 2022

The paper addresses the issue of sustainable development in the field of water resources. A description of two Goals of the Moldova 2030 Strategy is provided: SDG6 and SDG14, both of which prioritize the reduction of water pollution. It shows how these goals complement one another. In order to successfully achieve these Goals, certain international practices for the elaboration and development of software tools must be implemented. The practices mentioned above allow the creation of models for predicting the water quality of aquatic ecosystems. The study of the most frequently used methods and software tools for controlling water pollution currently used is presented. Hence, it is proposed to use software tools to mprove the situation of water pollution in the context of sustainable development.
Actions of the Soviet Moldovan authorities in relation to traditional culture (1940s)
Authors:   Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, Ursu Valentina
Published: August 2022

This article is devoted to the mechanisms of influence used by the Soviet authorities in the early years of the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia for the depreciation and rejection of the ancestral cultural heritage and the establishment of new ways of life. In the 40-s. XXth the governing bodies of the CPSU and the PCM adopt numerous directives and provisions aimed at establishing new mechanisms of influence on all inhabitants of the Moldovan SSR, regardless of ethnic characteristics, language, customs, traditions, holidays. All secular history is forgotten. In order to compare the accuracy of historical documents and the statements of the Soviet press, a comparison is made with the situation that existed in our lands during the years 1918–1940 when Bessarabia was part of Romania. Under the new Soviet regime, traditional culture was considered a legacy of the past that could not be preserved in a new society. A vehement campaign is undertaken on the history, the Romanian language, the monuments of history and culture, the traditional way of life, imposing new ways of cultural expression that would glorify and support the Soviet system.
Development and validation of an analytical method for the simultaneous estimation of Etoricoxib and Thiocolchicoside in tablet dosage form by UV Spectrophotometric method
Authors: kumari Nisha , Chaudhary Amit , Kumar Verma Kapil , Verma Kritika , Saini Geetanjali , Vyas Manish , Singh Bhupendra
Published: August 2022

A simple, accurate, precise, and rapid UV spectrophotometric method was developed for simultaneous estimation of Etoricoxib and Thiocolchicoside in the tablet dosage form. Etoricoxib showed maximum absorbance at 270 nm, while Thiocolchicoside showed maximum absorbance at 260 nm. These two wavelengths were selected for further analysis. The developed method was validated as ICH guidelines including parameters as linearity, range, precision, LOD, LOQ, and accuracy. The absorbance range for Etoricoxib (5-30 µg/ml) was found to be 0.210-0.799. These aliquots obeyed Beer-Lambert’s law with regression of 0.995. The absorbance range of Thiocolchicoside (5-30 µg/ml) was found to be 0.147-0.468 with a regression of 0.998. The method of precision (interday, intraday) was found within limits (RSD>2). The % recovery was found to be within the range. As per the ICH Q2 R1 guideline, the result was validated statistically and was found to be satisfactory.
Relation between Vit. D3 and other Metabolic Risk Factors in patients with Cholestatic Liver Disease
Authors: Burhan Raoof Israa , E. Abdalah Mayssaa , Abdulmahdi Mohsin Raghad
Published: August 2022

Cholestasis defined as distortion of bile duct formation or outflow. hepatic cytotoxicity, fibrosis and biliary sclerosis are the main complications of liver disease. Recently found that significant relationship between cholestasis and vitamin D3 therefore many studies demonstrate that vit.D3 deficiencies may develop to osteomalacia especially in bile duct obstruction. The results were included different parameters like (ALT, AST, ALK.P, TSB and Vit.D3)., also different distributions of patients for examples hypertension, dyslipidaemia, myocardial Infraction and smoking, the results appeared increased significant value (p<0.05) of weight, systolic and diastolic except height, there was decreased level while no significant (p>0.05) of Age in patients as compared with control groups also there was increased significant value (p<0.05) in each of Alanine Transferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALK.P), Total Serum Bilirubin (TSB) except Vit.D3 there was decreased level while no significant (p>0.05) of Aspartate Transferase (AST) in patients as compared with control groups. Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis of ALK.P and Vit.D3 is determined acceptable values of sensitivity and specificity. Also boxplot graphs expressed by Statistical Packages for Social Sciences-version used to compare between patients and healthy subjects.