bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Key factors and network model for location‐based cultural mobile game design
Authors: Li Ruo‐Yu , Wang Chang‐Hwa
Published: March 2020

The use of smart devices as media for digital learning constitutes a new‐generation digital learning paradigm. Therefore, context‐aware game‐based learning has attracted considerable attention. Location‐based games have not only positive effects on learning but also pronounced effects on culture and history. Accordingly, focusing on railway cultural heritages, we attempted to assess interdependent relationships between key factors crucial for the design of a location‐based mobile game for cultural heritages. We adopted the analytic network process (ANP) for our assessment. We initially performed a literature review to generalize relevant criteria and elements and developed a questionnaire based on the fuzzy delphi method (FDM); which lead to the selection of key factors, namely 3 criteria and 15 elements. We also applied an online ANP‐based questionnaire; on the basis of the experts' opinions, we established a network model and determined the priority order of the key factors. The results revealed that experts considered “culture learning” to be of the highest importance, with the most important three elements being “prior knowledge,” “challenge levels,” and “cultural narrative.” Moreover, culture learning exhibited a strong interaction with content design. In addition, each element had a considerable influence on the remaining elements that could provide references for the construction of location‐based cultural mobile games in the future.

Practitioner Notes

What is already known about this topic

Context‐aware game‐based learning, such as instructional pervasive games, improves quality of learning.

Location‐based games help learners achieve better learning outcomes, learning potential, and learning interest.

Most studies on location‐based, cultural exploration games mainly emphasize their design and development of the game scheme. However, the key factors that make a success of the game are overlooked.

What this paper adds

We identified key factors (3 criteria; 15 elements) and developed a network model based on analytic network process (ANP) for location‐based cultural mobile game design.

The priority order of key factors for designing a location‐based railway cultural game is derived.

The strengths, relationships, and influences among identified key factors were analyzed.

Implications for practice and/or policy

The results of this study provide validated guidelines for further development of effective location‐based cultural exploration games.

Our study findings enable designers to prioritize or demote reference factors for construction, according to relative strengths and weaknesses of design factors.
Impact of implant superstructure type on oral health‐related quality of life in edentulous patients
Authors: Kusumoto Yuriko , Tanaka Jyoji , Miyoshi Keizo , Higuchi Daisuke , Sato Yoko , Baba Kazuyoshi
Published: March 2020

Background

The effect of the type of implant superstructure on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) among edentulous patients remains controversial.

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between the type of implant superstructure and OHRQoL.

Materials and Methods

Seventy‐two completely edentulous patients who received implant fixed complete dentures (IFCDs) or implant overdentures (IODs) were administered the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) questionnaire during the post‐treatment maintenance period. The OHIP summary score, as well as the four dimension scores, were calculated to evaluate OHRQoL.

Results

The mean OHIP summary score for the IFCD group tended to be lower than that for the IOD group, but this difference was not statistically significant (19.9 ± 21.9, 22.8 ± 18.2, respectively; P = .57). However, a significant group difference was found in the four dimension scores (P < .01), with the OHIP item scores representing masticatory function being significantly lower in the IFCD group than in the IOD group (P < .05).

Conclusions

Our results suggested that patients with an IOD exhibited comparable OHRQoL to those with an IFCD, with the exception of perceived masticatory function.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of two attachment systems for mandibular overdenture
Authors: Matthys Carine , De Vijlder William , Besseler Jos , Glibert Maarten , De Bruyn Hugo
Published: March 2020

Objectives

This study analysed the cost‐effectiveness of two different attachments for the 2‐implant overdenture (2IOD) in edentulous mandibles.

Materials and methods

When considering alternative treatments, cost‐effectiveness analysis is an important factor for stakeholders (patient, clinician, social security, insurance company, etc.). A general practice population (n = 116) was treated between 2003 and 2013 with a mandibular 2IOD with 2 different ball/stud attachment systems, one spherical (Group D) and one cylindrical (Group L). Patient well‐being was assessed with OHIP‐14‐Total (OHIP‐14‐T), at intake and annually up to 5 years, to calculate the health effect. Initial and maintenance costs of both treatments were inventoried. The cost‐effectiveness was compared. Annual discount rates of 4% and 1.5% were applied to future costs and health outcomes, following Dutch guidelines. Prices were adjusted to the year 2003. To offset the uncertainty in relevant input parameters, a sensitivity analysis was performed using bootstrap analysis. Significance was set at p < .05.

Results

The health effect was 6.36 (SD 5.32) for Group D and 8.54 (SD 5.63) for Group L. The sum of the discounted costs up to 5 years was EUR 4,210.98 (SD 634.75) for the D and EUR 3,840.62 (SD 302.63) for the Group L (p = .005). The bootstrapping reports that L abutment clearly dominates the D abutment in terms of cost‐effectiveness.

Conclusions

The 2IOD on the L abutment is dominant compared to the 2IOD on D abutment, in a 5‐year perspective.
Adverse cutaneous reaction to diabetic glucose sensors and insulin pumps: Irritant contact dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis?
Authors: Herman Anne , de Montjoye Laurence , Baeck Marie
Published: March 2020

Background

Adverse cutaneous reactions to diabetes medical devices (glucose sensors and insulin pumps) are described, notably allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) with isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) and N,N dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) as the main allergen.

Objectives

To determine if all cases of adverse cutaneous reactions observed with diabetes medical devices (ie FreeStyle Libre, Enlite sensors or insulin pumps), referred to our department with suspected allergies are confirmed as ACD.

Patients and methods

Fifty‐two patients who presented skin reactions to diabetes medical devices were patch tested with the European baseline series, a plastic and glues series, a (meth) acrylates series, a piece of the adhesive part of the device, as well as IBOA 0.1% and DMAA 0.1% pet.

Results

Seventeen patients had no positive reaction to IBOA nor to the adhesive part of the device; 11 of these also tested with DMAA with negative result. No other relevant allergen was identified.

Conclusion

Some cutaneous reactions, otherwise very similar to those of patients sensitized to IBOA, can be explained either by the presence of an untested allergen not yet discovered, or by irritant contact dermatitis. Therefore, European legislation on the full labelling of ingredients by manufacturers, in order to facilitate the identification of allergens and irritants, is imperative.
Assessment of the quality of life (QoL) of patients with dermatitis and the impact of patch testing on QoL: A study of 519 patients diagnosed with dermatitis
Authors: Boonchai Waranya , Charoenpipatsin Norramon , Winayanuwattikun Waranaree , Phaitoonwattanakij Sutasinee , Sukakul Thanisorn
Published: March 2020

Background

Dermatitis can impair the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Knowledge of the QoL‐associated factors and the impact of patch testing on QoL is limited.

Objectives

To identify demographic and clinical factors affecting QoL, and to measure the impact of patch testing on QoL of dermatitis patients.

Methods

The data and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaires of 519 dermatitis patients were analyzed. Of these, 107 underwent patch testing and completed the questionnaires two times (once before testing and again 60 days afterward).

Results

The overall mean (±standard deviation) DLQI was 9.5 (±6.4). Patients aged 20 to 59 years and those who had more frequent disease exacerbations demonstrated significantly higher DLQIs. For each DLQI question, being female and aged 20 to 59 years were associated with impairments of various aspects of life, whereas the anatomical site of dermatitis impacted each question differently. The DLQI scores of the patients undergoing patch testing decreased significantly, irrespective of whether the test results were positive or negative.

Conclusions

Being of a working age and having more frequent disease exacerbations had negative QoL impacts. In addition, patch testing improved almost every aspect of the DLQI.
Using incomplete floristic monitoring data from habitat mapping programmes to detect species trends
Authors: Bruelheide Helge , Jansen Florian , Jandt Ute , Bernhardt‐Römermann Markus , Bonn Aletta , Bowler Diana , Dengler Jürgen , Eichenberg David , Grescho Volker , Harter David , Jugelt Matthias , Kellner Simon , Ludwig Martin , Wesche Karsten , Lütt Silke
Published: March 2020

Aim

The loss of biodiversity has raised serious concerns about the entailing losses of ecosystem services. Here, we explore the potential of repeated habitat mapping data to identify floristic changes over time. Using one German federal state as a case study, we assessed floristic changes between the 1980s and 2010s. These habitat data have great potential for analysis because of their high spatial coverage while also posing methodological challenges such as incomplete observation data. We developed a modelling approach that accounts for incomplete observations and explored the ability to detect temporal trends.

Location

The Federal State of Schleswig‐Holstein (Germany)

Methods

We compiled plant species lists from the earliest (1980s) and most recent (2010s) habitat mapping survey and aligned differing habitat definitions across mapping campaigns. A total of 5,503 mapped polygons, each with a list of species records, intersected the two surveys. We accounted for underrecorded species by assigning occurrence probabilities, based on species co‐occurrence information across all surveys, using Beals' index and tested the robustness of this approach by simulation experiments. For those species with significant increases and decreases in occurrence probability, we linked these trends to the species' functional characteristics.

Results

We found a systematic loss of species that are moderately threatened. Species that indicate low nitrogen supply and high soil moisture declined, suggesting a shift towards a more eutrophic and drier landscape. Importantly, assessing specific plant traits associated with losses, we also detected a decrease in species with reddish and blueish flowers and species providing nectar, pointing to a decrease of insect‐pollinated taxa.

Main conclusions

The identified changes raise concerns that plant biodiversity has fundamentally changed over the last three decades, with concomitant consequences for ecosystem services, especially pollination. Given the general lack of historical standardized data, our approach for trend analyses using incomplete observation data may be widely applicable to assess long‐term biodiversity change.
Noninvasive detection of coronary artery stents by transthoracic echocardiography postprocessing subtraction technique
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Yong , Chen Sha‐sha , Chen Xiao‐long
Published: March 2020

Aim

To explore the feasibility and value of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) postprocessing subtraction technique in the detection of a stent in the coronary artery.

Method

Transthoracic echocardiography was used to examine 46 coronary artery stents in 30 patients by two‐dimensional ultrasound postprocessing subtraction technique. The shape of each stent and its flow patency were observed. The patency was assessed according to blood flow and mosaic flow in the stent. Then, the results were compared with those of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) records and coronary angiography (CAG).

Results

Transthoracic echocardiography detected 36 stents among 46 stents (two in the LMCA, 23 in the LAD, seven in the RCA, and two in the LCX); the detection rate was 78.3%. The average length of the stents was 21.8 ± 4.1 mm, and the average diameter was 2.4 ± 0.5 mm; both are shorter than those from PCI records (P < .001). Of the 36 stents, blood flow could be observed in 27. Compared with the results of CAG, TTE had 75% feasibility and 92.6% accuracy in detecting flow patency in the stents.

Conclusion

Transthoracic echocardiography postprocessing subtraction technique could be a noninvasive method for detecting a coronary artery stent and, although the measurements of stent length and diameter were shorter than those of PCI records, an accurate detection of flow patency in the stents was achieved.
The ghosts of forests past and future: deforestation and botanical sampling in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Stropp J. , Umbelino B. , Correia R. A. , Campos‐Silva J. V. , Ladle R. J. , Malhado A. C. M.
Published: March 2020

The remarkable biodiversity of the Brazilian Amazon is poorly documented and threatened by deforestation. When undocumented areas become deforested, in addition to losing the fauna and flora, we lose the opportunity to know which unique species had occupied a habitat. Here we quantify such knowledge loss by calculating how much of the Brazilian Amazon has been deforested and will likely be deforested until 2050 without having its tree flora sufficiently documented. To this end, we analysed 399 147 digital specimens of nearly 6000 tree species in relation to official deforestation statistics and future deforestation scenarios. We find that by 2017, 30% of all the localities where tree specimens had been collected were mostly deforested. Some 300 000 km2 (12%; 485 25 × 25 km grid cells) of the Brazilian Amazon had been deforested by 2017, without having a single tree specimen recorded. An additional 250 000–900 000 km2 of severely under‐collected rainforest will likely become deforested by 2050. If future tree sampling is to cover this area, sampling effort has to increase two‐ to six‐fold. Nearly 255 000 km2 or 7% of rainforest in the Brazilian Amazon is easily accessible but does yet but remain under‐collected. Our study highlights how progressing deforestation increases the risk of losing undocumented species of a hyper‐diverse tree flora.
An additional life‐history tactic of masu salmon: Migration of parr to coastal habitats
Authors: Kuroki Mari , Tamate Tsuyoshi , Morita Kentaro
Published: March 2020

Alternative life‐history tactics of masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou are well documented. Subsequent to the freshwater parr stage (age ≥ 1 + years), an anadromous form migrates to the sea after smolting, while a resident form matures without seaward migration. In addition to this typical migratory dimorphism, anecdotal reports based on field observations have indicated that some underyearling masu salmon use estuarine waters. However, no empirical evidence indicates saltwater utilisation and subsequent survival in the early parr stage. Here, we used otolith microchemistry to examine whether a portion of masu salmon parr in northern Japan enters coastal habitats. The otolith Sr:Ca ratios of most juveniles collected from six rivers had consistently low values, indicating that masu salmon parr inhabiting these rivers stay only in freshwater. In contrast, in individuals from a steep‐gradient river the Sr:Ca ratios increased at about a 200‐µm distance from the otolith core. These results suggest that some masu salmon parr might use brackish water or sea water temporarily. In addition, three masu salmon parr were found in another steep river where a culvert located only ten metres from the river mouth completely blocked upstream migration for spawning. The Sr:Ca ratios in these fish increased at about >200 µm from the otolith core, indicating the parr had immigrated to the non‐natal river from the sea. Such flexible behaviour at an early life stage may contribute to the spatial expansion of masu salmon, and the movement could moreover help to stabilise its population dynamics.
U‐shaped response Unifies views on temperature dependency of stoichiometric requirements
Authors: Ruiz Thomas , Koussoroplis Apostolos‐Manuel , Danger Michael , Aguer Jean‐Pierre , Morel‐Desrosiers Nicole , Bec Alexandre
Published: March 2020

Temperature and nutrient availability, which are major drivers of consumer performance, are dramatically affected by global change. To date, there is no consensus on whether warming increases or decreases consumer needs for dietary carbon (C) relatively to phosphorus (P), thus hindering predictions of secondary production responses to global change. Here, we investigate how the dietary C:P ratio optimising consumer growth (TERC:P: Threshold Elemental Ratio) changes along temperature gradients by combining a temperature‐dependent TERC:P model with growth experiments on Daphnia magna. Both lines of evidence show that the TERC:P response to temperature is U‐shaped. This shape indicates that consumer nutrient requirements can both increase or decrease with increasing temperature, thus reconciling previous contradictive observations into a common framework. This unified framework improves our capacity to forecast the combined effects of nutrient cycle and climatic alterations on invertebrate production.
Tracking long‐distance migration of marine fishes using compound‐specific stable isotope analysis of amino acids
Authors: Matsubayashi Jun , Osada Yutaka , Tadokoro Kazuaki , Abe Yoshiyuki , Yamaguchi Atsushi , Shirai Kotaro , Honda Kentaro , Yoshikawa Chisato , Ogawa Nanako O. , Ohkouchi Naohiko , Ishikawa Naoto F. , Nagata Toshi , Miyamoto Hiroomi , Nishino Shigeto , Tayasu Ichiro
Published: March 2020

The long‐distance migrations by marine fishes are difficult to track by field observation. Here, we propose a new method to track such migrations using stable nitrogen isotopic composition at the base of the food web (δ15NBase), which can be estimated by using compound‐specific isotope analysis. δ15NBase exclusively reflects the δ15N of nitrate in the ocean at a regional scale and is not affected by the trophic position of sampled organisms. In other words, δ15NBase allows for direct comparison of isotope ratios between proxy organisms of the isoscape and the target migratory animal. We initially constructed a δ15NBase isoscape in the northern North Pacific by bulk and compound‐specific isotope analyses of copepods (n = 360 and 24, respectively), and then we determined retrospective δ15NBase values of spawning chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from their vertebral centra (10 sections from each of two salmon). We then estimated the migration routes of chum salmon during their skeletal growth by using a state‐space model. Our isotope tracking method successfully reproduced a known chum salmon migration route between the Okhotsk and Bering seas, and our findings suggest the presence of a new migration route to the Bering Sea Shelf during a later growth stage.
KCNN2 mutation in autosomal‐dominant tremulous myoclonus‐dystonia
Authors: Balint B. , Guerreiro R. , Carmona S. , Dehghani N. , Latorre A. , Cordivari C. , Bhatia K. P. , Bras J.
Published: March 2020

Background and purpose

Despite recent advances in neurogenetics that have facilitated the identification of a number of dystonia genes, many familial dystonia syndromes remain without known cause. The aim of the study was to identify the cause of autosomal dominant tremulous myoclonus‐dystonia in a UK kindred with affected individuals in three generations.

Methods

Known genetic causes of myoclonus‐dystonia were excluded. We combined clinical and electrophysiological phenotyping with whole‐exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing to identify candidate causal variants in a family with tremulous myoclonus‐dystonia.

Results

The core phenotype consisted of childhood‐onset dystonia predominantly affecting hands and neck, with a fast tremor with superimposed myoclonus and, in some individuals, subtle cerebellar signs. We identified a novel missense variant in potassium calcium‐activated channel subfamily N member 2 (KCNN2) [NM_021614:c.1112G>A:p.(Gly371Glu)], which was the only variant that we were able to identify as segregating with the phenotype over three generations. This variant, which is absent from the most recent version of gnomAD, was predicted to be deleterious by SIFT and PolyPhen‐2 and had an overall CADD score of 29.7.

Conclusions

KCNN2, a member of the KCNN family of potassium channel genes, is highly conserved across species and in humans is highly expressed in the brain, particularly the cerebellum. KCNN2 mutations have never been described as pathological in human disease, but are recognized abnormalities in two rodent models of fast, jerky tremor. Segregation, absence of the variant in the normal population and in‐silico prediction of a deleterious effect together with animal models compatible with the clinical phenotype are all in line with KCNN2 mutations being a plausible cause underlying myoclonus‐dystonia.
Identifying spawner biomass per‐recruit reference points from life‐history parameters
Authors: Zhou Shijie , Punt André E. , Lei Yeming , Deng Roy Aijun , Hoyle Simon D.
Published: March 2020

Analysis of spawning biomass per‐recruit has been widely adopted in fisheries management. Fishing mortality expressed as spawning potential ratio (SPR) often requires a reference point as an appropriate proxy for the fishing mortality that supports a maximum sustainable yield—FMSY. To date, a single generic level betweenF30%andF40%is routinely used. Using records from stock assessments in the RAM Legacy Database (RAMLD), we confirm that SPR at MSY (SPRMSY) is a declining function of stock productivity quantified byFMSY. We then use general linear models (GLM) and Bayesian errors‐in‐variables models (BEIVM) to show that SPRMSYcan be predicted from life‐history parameters (LHPs, including maximum lifespan, age‐ and length‐at‐maturation, growth parameters, natural mortality, and taxonomicClass) as well as gear selectivity. The calculated SPRMSYranges from about 13% to 95% with a mean of 47%. About 64% of the stocks in the RAMLD require SPRMSY > 40%. Modelling SPRMSYreveals that LHPs plusClassexplain 61% of the deviance in SPRMSY. Faster‐growing, low‐survival, and short‐lived species generally require a high SPR. With equal LHPs, elasmobranchs require about 20% higher SPRMSYthan teleosts. WhenFMSYis estimated from fisheries that harvest older fish, increasing the vulnerable age by one year leads to about an 8% increase in SPRMSY. The BEIVM yields smaller variance and bias than the GLM. The models developed in this study could be used to predict SPRMSYreference points for new stocks using the same LHPs for calculatingFx%, but without knowledge of the stock‐recruitment parameters.
Associations of combinations of housing tenure status and household structure with subjective happiness among community‐dwelling elderly people: A cross‐sectional study with stratified random sampling
Authors: Hidaka Tomoo , Endo Shota , Kasuga Hideaki , Masuishi Yusuke , Kakamu Takeyasu , Abe Koichi , Fukushima Tetsuhito
Published: March 2020

Aim

Subjective happiness is an important marker of successful aging, and is associated with housing tenure status and household structure. However, the associations between subjective happiness and combinations of housing tenure status and household structure have not yet been clarified. Therefore, we examined which combinations of housing tenure status and household structure are associated with high or low subjective happiness among community‐dwelling elderly people.

Methods

Subjects were enrolled by stratified random sampling, and comprised of 1602 elderly persons aged ≥65 years as of January 2017 in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. The subjects' data were collected via a self‐completed questionnaire (effective response rate: 53.4%), and the associations between subjective happiness and combinations of housing tenure status and household structure were analyzed by chi‐squared test and logistic regression analysis, controlling the confounding variables such as care support needs, subjective economic status and health status.

Results

The subjects reported significantly decreased subjective happiness when they were a renter living alone (odds ratio [OR] = 0.427 and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.249, 0.732) and with others (OR = 0.420 and 95% CI = 0.256, 0.687) after adjustment for confounding variables, compared with owner‐occupier living with others (referent).

Conclusions

The results of the current study revealed significantly decreased subjective happiness when the subjects were renters regardless of household structure. Therefore, housing tenure status may be a stronger determinant of subjective happiness among community‐dwelling elderly people than household structure. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; ••: ••–••.
mTOR signaling at the crossroads of environmental signals and T‐cell fate decisions
Authors: Huang Hongling , Long Lingyun , Zhou Peipei , Chapman Nicole M. , Chi Hongbo
Published: March 2020

The evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) forms the distinct protein complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 and integrates signals from the environment to coordinate downstream signaling events and various cellular processes. T cells rely on mTOR activity for their development and to establish their homeostasis and functional fitness. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of the upstream signaling and downstream targets of mTOR. We also provide an updated overview of the roles of mTOR in T‐cell development, homeostasis, activation, and effector‐cell fate decisions, as well as its important impacts on the suppressive activity of regulatory T cells. Moreover, we summarize the emerging roles of mTOR in T‐cell exhaustion and transdifferentiation. A better understanding of the contribution of mTOR to T‐cell fate decisions will ultimately aid in the therapeutic targeting of mTOR in human disease.
Comparison of platelet‐rich plasma gel in the care of the pressure ulcers with the dressing with serum physiology in terms of healing process and dressing costs
Authors: Uçar Özge , Çelik Sevim
Published: March 2020

This research was carried out with the aim of comparing the effects of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) gel and gas dressing with serum physiologic applied to stage II pressure ulcer in coccyx of patients for 2 months on healing process and dressing costs. This prospective randomised controlled experimental study was conducted with 60 patients hospitalised in the palliative care unit after surgery. The experimental group (n = 30) was dressed with platelet‐rich plasma gel. The control group (n = 30) was treated with serum physiologic dressing. At the end of the 20th observation of the patients in the experimental group, it was found that the mean scores of area, exudate, and tissue type in pressure sores decreased statistically (P < .001). In the control group, no significant difference was found between the mean PUSH score at the end of the 20th observation (P > .05). The study showed that PRP gel had a positive effect on healing of stage II pressure ulcers with platelet‐rich plasma gel dressings. In addition, when evaluated in the long term, it was concluded that platelet‐rich plasma gel is easily accessible and less costly than serum physiological dressing.
On Monopoly Price
Authors: Brennan Geoffrey , Buchanan James , Lee Dwight
Published: March 2020

A fundamental proposition from elementary price theory is that monopoly profits are maximized at the price that equates the marginal revenue derived from the long‐run demand curve to the marginal cost of production. An equally well known proposition is that demand elasticities are greater in the long‐run than the short‐run. It is shown in the present paper that the former proposition is qualified in important ways when the latter proposition is incorporated into the analysis of the monopoly problem. In general, the monopoly profit maximizing price will be higher than the one derived from the conventional analysis. This will not be true in the special case of linear short and long‐run demand curves with an initial price that chokes off all demand. In this case the profit maximizing monopoly price will be identical to that obtained from the standard approach. As this suggests, and as we show, price history is an important consideration when choosing the profit maximizing price. The lower the price in the past the higher, in general, will be the price that maximizes the present value of future profits, and the greater this present value will be.
Alternative Decision‐Making Models for Housing: The Question of Efficiency
Authors: Nesslein Thomas S.
Published: March 2020

This paper examines the efficiency of housing resources allocation under alternative allocative mechanisms. The study focuses on three broadly defined decision‐making models: (1) the market model; (2) the central planning model; (3) the welfare state model. Particular attention is given the three fundamental components of economic organization; (1) the decision‐making structure; (2) the information structure; (3) the motivation structure. While this policy study makes use of the theory of market failure, the analysis departs from conventional practice by explicitly and consistently employing a comparative institution framework. That is, a theory of nonmarket failure is integrated into the analysis and policy prescriptions derived only after careful assessment of the imperfections of real world housing markets in comparison with the imperfections of real world nonmarket housing models. The essential conclusion drawn is that the domain of housing market failure is smaller than generally assumed and that the price mechanism is a vital component of a rationally functioning housing system.
‘The best day in my whole entire life’ – Young Children, Wellbeing and the Arts
Authors: Piscitelli Barbara
Published: March 2020

For more than 25 years, a large percentage of young Australian children has been involved in arts and cultural experiences, but very little systematic information has been gathered to understand what they gain from these encounters. This article investigates young children’s cultural engagement and wellbeing within a festival experience – as creators making work for an exhibition at the festival, and as consumers participating in theatre, dance and festival activities. The case study involved 105 children (64 girls and 41 boys, aged 7 years 11 months to 9 years 1 month) and used a mixed methods approach incorporating quantitative surveys, qualitative focus groups and participant observation. Though the surveys did not show any changes in children’s views of wellbeing before, during or after the festival, focus group conversations revealed almost unanimous perspectives of positive wellbeing after the festival. The findings indicate that children’s wellbeing is a complex phenomenon that may be best explored using composite standpoints of children, teachers, parents and artists for achieving a clearer understanding.
The Struggle is Real: Insights from a Supply Chain Blockchain Case
Authors: Sternberg Henrik S. , Hofmann Erik , Roeck Dominik
Published: March 2020

Despite the anticipated benefits and the numerous announcements of pilot cases, we have seen very few successful implementations of blockchain technology (BCT) solutions in supply chains. Little is empirically known about the obstacles to blockchain adoption, particularly in a supply chain's interorganizational setting. In supply chains, blockchains' benefits, for example, BCT‐based tracking and tracing, are dependent on a critical mass of supply chain actors adopting the technology. While previous research has mainly been conceptual and has lacked both theory and empirical data, we propose a theory‐based model for interorganizational adoption of BCT. We use the proposed model to analyze a unique in‐depth revelatory case study. Our case study confirms previous conceptual work and reveals a paradox as well as several tensions between drivers for and against (positive and negative determining factors, respectively) of BCT adoption that must be managed in an interorganizational setting. In this vertical context, the adoption and integration decision of one supply chain actor recursively affects the adoption and integration decisions of the other supply chain actors. This paper contributes midrange theory on BCT in supply chain management (SCM), future research directions, and managerial insights on BCT adoption in supply chains.
Synergistic antibacterial effect of nisin, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and sulfite on native microflora of fresh white shrimp during ice storage
Authors: Liang Zheng‐Rong , Hsiao Hsin‐I , Jhang Dong‐Jing
Published: March 2020

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of using nisin, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and sulfite alone or in combination in reducing Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella enterica, and Pseudomonas fluorescens in broth and native microflora on raw Pacific white shrimp during ice storage. Nisin (50 ppm), EDTA (20 mM), alone or in combination were used to test on the growth of V. parahaemolyticus, S. enterica, and P. fluorescens in broth. Nisin (50 ppm), EDTA (20 mM), sodium metabisulfite (1.25 and 0.625%), ice; alone or in combination were used on shrimps during 1°C storage for 10 days. Microbial and chemical changes were analyzed during shrimp storage. First, the combination of nisin and EDTA exhibited antibacterial effects against V. parahaemolyticus, S. enterica, and P. fluorescens in broth. Second, in shrimp preservation, the combination of nisin, EDTA, and sulfite at a low dose of 0.625% exhibited higher antimicrobial activity than did a high dose of sulfite (1.25%). Based on aerobic bacteria counts, psychrotrophic bacteria, and TVB‐N, shrimp treatment with combination of nisin, EDTA, and low‐dose sulfite were still acceptable within 10 days of storage. Based on our findings, nisin and EDTA can be used to reduce uses of sulfite for shrimp preservation in the future.
Modeling the inactivation of Bacillus cereus by infrared radiation in paprika powder (Capsicum annuum)
Authors: Shavandi Mahdi , Taghdir Maryam , Abbaszadeh Sepideh , Sepandi Mojtaba , Parastouei Karim
Published: March 2020

Infrared (IR) irradiation, a novel technology for modeling of decontamination of Bacillus cereus in paprika powder was evaluated and the effect on temperature profiles and total phenolic content was determined. The highest reduction in B. cereus count (2.3 log CFU/g) was achieved after a holding time of 1 min at 200 W IR power and 5 cm distance. The rapid rise in temperature was observed in surface paprika powder and the highest temperature at 200 W IR power and 5 cm distance reaching to 127.8°C. An increase in IR power and a decrease in sample distance of the IR lamp caused a significant decrease in the total phenolic content. The Double Weibull model closely predicted the inactivation of B. cereus in paprika powder by IR irradiation.
Relationship of Age With the Hemodynamic Parameters in Individuals With Elevated Blood Pressure
Authors: Mahajan Shiwani , Gu Jianlei , Caraballo Cesar , Lu Yuan , Spatz Erica S. , Zhao Hongyu , Zhang MaoZhen , Sun NingLing , Zheng Xin , Lu Hui , Yuan Hong , Ma Zheng J. , Krumholz Harlan M.
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Age is known to be associated with the prevalence and pathophysiology of hypertension. However, there is little information on whether age stands as a good proxy for the specific hemodynamic profile of an individual with elevated blood pressure (BP), which could be important in the selection of therapy.

DESIGN

This is a cross‐sectional study.

SETTING

People who underwent a noninvasive, hemodynamic assessment using impedance cardiography at 51 sites of iKang Health Checkup Centers throughout China between January 2012 and October 2018.

PARTICIPANTS

We included 116,851 individuals, aged 20 to 80 years.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

Relationship between age and hemodynamic parameters (cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance index [SVRI]), among individuals with elevated BP (systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥80 mm Hg).

RESULTS

Final study population included 45,082 individuals with elevated BP: 29,194 men and 15,888 women with a mean (±SD) age of 48 (±13) and 54 (±12) years, respectively. Cardiac index was negatively associated with age with an adjusted, per decade decrease of 0.17 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.17‐0.18) L/min/m2 in men and 0.24 (95% CI = 0.23‐0.25) L/min/m2 in women. SVRI was positively associated with age with an adjusted, per‐decade increase of 174.2 (95% CI = 168.8‐179.7) dynes·s·cm−5·m2 in men and 214.1 (95% CI = 204.3‐223.8) dynes·s·cm−5·m2 in women. However, there was substantial overlap in the distribution of these parameters across different age groups in both sexes.

CONCLUSIONS

In this large study, we observed that cardiac index decreased and SVRI increased with age among individuals with elevated BP. Even though there was a general trend with age, we observed heterogeneity within age strata, suggesting that age alone is inadequate to indicate the hemodynamic profile for an individual. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1520‐1528, 2020.
Workplace Violence Is Associated With Impaired Work Functioning in Nurses: An Italian Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Magnavita Nicola , Heponiemi Tarja , Chirico Francesco
Published: March 2020

Objective

Workplace violence against nurses is a widespread phenomenon that has been associated with many unfavorable individual and organizational outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between violence and work functioning in a sample of Italian nurses.

Design

Cross‐sectional, with retrospective analysis of exposure.

Methods

All nurses from a local hospital were invited to complete a questionnaire assessing violent experiences that occurred in the previous 12 months. The questionnaire also measured job strain (with the Demand‐Control‐Support questionnaire), organizational justice (with Colquitt’s Questionnaire), and work impairment (with the Nurses Work Functioning Questionnaire). The associations were examined with logistic regression analyses.

Findings

Of the 302 nurses who were invited, 275 (91.1%) agreed to participate. The total work impairment score was significantly higher among the nurses exposed to violence compared with the nonexposed nurses (42.2 ± 27.8 vs. 31.9 ± 31.6, respectively; p < .001). Exposed nurses also reported significantly higher levels of job strain (0.96 ± 0.25 vs. 0.8 ± 0.21; p = .003) and lower levels of perceived organizational justice (56.6 ± 12.6 vs. 62.5 ± 14.8; p = .001) than nonexposed nurses. Nurses who had experienced violence had a significantly higher risk for impairment of work functioning than their colleagues (crude odds ratio [OR] = 2.33; 95% confidence interval [CI 95%] = 1.42–3.83). The association between violence and impairment remained significant after adjusting for demographic variables, occupational stress, and perceived organizational justice (OR = 1.83; 95% CI 95% = 1.06–3.17).

Conclusions

Workplace violence is associated with impaired work function in nurses. Job strain and perceived organizational injustice are associated with impairment.

Clinical Relevance

Violence prevention programs in healthcare activities should include training for violent behavior identification and de‐escalation techniques, structural and administrative measures for violence control (such as alarms, surveillance, staff increase), and measures to reduce occupational stress, which can include wellness courses, spirituality, organizational improvements, and staffing methodologies.
CHANGING NURSING CARE TIME AS AN EFFECT OF CHANGED CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DIALYSIS POPULATION
Authors: de Kleijn Ria , Uyl‐de Groot Carin , Hagen Chris , Franssen Casper , Schraa Jeanette , Pasker‐de Jong Pieternel , ter Wee Piet
Published: March 2020

Background

The population of dialysis patients is ageing. Dialysis nurses are confronted with geriatric patients with multiple comorbidities. Nurses are confronted with an increasing burden of care.

Objectives

The present study focused on the question of whether, over time, the increasing age and comorbidities of the haemodialysis population increased nursing care time. Furthermore, we studied potential changes in the predictors of the required nursing time.

Design

Observational study.

Participants

A total of 980 dialysis patients from 12 dialysis centres were included.

Measurements

Nurses filled out the classification tool for each patient and completed a form for reporting patient characteristics for groups of relevant haemodialysis patients at baseline and after 1 and four years. Changes in patient and dialysis characteristics were analysed, as well as the estimated nursing care time needed.

Results

An increase in the nursing time needed for dialysis was largely due to decreased mobility, closing of the vascular access and a greater need for psychosocial attention and was most strongly present in incident dialysis patients. The time needed for dialysis decreased as patient participation increased and vascular access changed from catheters to fistulae. Over the four‐year period, the average overall needed nursing care time per haemodialysis session did not change.

Conclusions

Our study shows that the average nursing time needed per patient did not change in the four‐year observation period. However, more time is required for incident patients; thus, if a centre has high patient turnover, more nursing care time is needed.
Use of Robotic‐Arm Assisted Technique in Complex Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Chai Wei , Guo Ren‐wen , Puah Ken Lee , Jerabek Seth , Chen Ji‐ying , Tang Pei‐fu
Published: March 2020

Background

There is a lack of data concerning the use of robotic devices in more complex total hip arthroplasty (THA) cases, such as hip dysplasia, ankylosing spondylolysis, and post‐traumatic arthritis.

Case Presentation

This case study presented three cases in which the Mako robotic device was used to help accurately implement the surgical plan. The operations went smoothly. The position and angle of the acetabular shells were placed as planned without any complications related to the operation. Postoperative Harris Hip Scores were good in two patients and poor in the patient with ankylosing spondylitis. Robotic‐arm assisted surgery may be considered for complex THA cases in order to optimize the accuracy of the reconstruction, especially in the absence of conventional boney landmarks.
Topical triamcinolone induced Cushing syndrome: A case report
Authors: Taylor Oliver , Mejia‐Otero Juan Diego , Tannin Grace M. , Gordon Katherine
Published: March 2020

We present a case of iatrogenic Cushing syndrome and adrenal insufficiency in a newborn secondary to an overuse of triamcinolone cream 0.1% prescrived for the treatment of diaper dermatitis.This case highlignts the risks of systemic absorption when prescribing topical medications in the diaper area of an infant, and the importance of caution and proper follow up when prescribing even mid potency steroids to pediatric patients.

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Retroperitoneal kaposiform hemangioendothelioma complicated by Kasabach‐Merritt phenomenon and obstructive jaundice: A retrospective series of 3 patients treated with sirolimus
Authors: Yao Wei , Li Kai , Wang Zuopeng , Dong Kuiran , Zheng Shan
Published: March 2020

We present a retrospective case series of 3 patients with retroperitoneal kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) complicated by Kasabach‐Merritt phenomenon (KMP) and biliary obstruction. We found sirolimus to be a safe and effective treatment for these patients who were refractory to other treatment modalities. However, our patients were slow to respond in comparison to published reports of sirolimus use for KHE without biliary obstruction. We postulate that therapeutic serum levels of sirolimus may be affected by biliary obstruction and improved with surgical alleviation of the obstruction.
Determinants of length of stay after pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Covarrubias Karina , Luo Xun , Massie Allan , Schwarz Kathleen B. , Garonzik‐Wang Jacqueline , Segev Dorry L. , Mogul Douglas B.
Published: March 2020

Background

We sought to identify factors that are associated with LOS following pediatric (<18 years) liver transplantation in order to provide personalized counseling and discharge planning for recipients and their families.

Methods

We identified 2726 infants (≤24 months) and 3210 children (>24 months) who underwent pediatric liver‐only transplantation from 2002‐2017 using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. We used multilevel multivariable negative binomial regression to analyze associations between LOS and recipient and donor characteristics and calculated the MLOSR to quantify heterogeneity in LOS across centers.

Results

In infants, the median LOS (IQR) was 19 (13‐32) days. Hospitalization prior to transplant (ICU ratio:1.461.591.70; non‐ICU ratio:1.081.161.23), public insurance (ratio:1.031.091.15), and a segmental graft (ratio:1.081.151.22) were associated with a longer LOS; thus, we would expect a 1.59‐fold longer LOS in an infant admitted to the ICU compared to a non‐hospitalized infant with similar characteristics. In children, the median LOS (IQR) was 13 (9‐21) days. Hospitalization prior to transplant (ICU ratio:1.491.621.77; non‐ICU ratio:1.341.441.56), public insurance (ratio:1.021.071.13), a segmental graft (ratio:1.201.271.35), a living donor graft (ratio:1.271.381.51), and obesity (ratio:1.031.101.17) were associated with a longer LOS. The MLOSR was 1.25 in infants and 1.26 in children, meaning if an infant received a transplant at another center with a longer LOS, we would expect a 1.25‐fold difference in LOS driven by center practices alone.

Conclusions

While center‐level practices account for substantial variation in LOS, consideration of donor and recipient factors can help clinicians provide more personalized counseling for families of pediatric liver transplant candidates.
In search of lost time: the temporal construction of innovation management
Authors: Ellwood Paul , Horner Sam
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a methodology that is new to the field of innovation management research (IMR), and which is founded upon current interest in theories of time and temporality within organisation studies. We argue that although time is of central importance to innovation management, established methodologies treat time as simply the background against which organisation is done. Even when research is conceptually framed to afford greater attention to time, established methodologies only succeed in highlighting the importance of managers' mobilisation of the past, present and future of innovations. In contrast, we present a methodology that affords time (rather than innovation actors) the more prominent role in analyses and explanations of innovation management. While established research methodologies might offer accounts of the social construction of organisational innovation, we elaborate its temporal construction. The paper reviews the ways in which time and temporality have been deployed (conceptually and methodologically) within IMR. Following a detailed account of the new methodology, its value to innovation management scholarship is demonstrated with a short illustration in which new insights are presented into the emergence of novelty during the management of innovation. The paper concludes with suggestions of areas within IMR where this methodology may generate new insights.