bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Frailty, Metabolic Syndrome, and Mortality across young population and different genders: findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES)
Authors: Ren Jia-Meng , Liu Da , Du Lei-Lei , Lei You-Lan , Li Jing , Tian Zhu-Chang , Guo Ze-Xuan , Meng Xiang-Bin , Gao Jun , Shao Chun-Li , Zheng Mingqi , Liu Gang , Wen Jun , Wang Wen-Yao , Tang Yi-Da
Published: August 2024

Background: This study aims to elucidate the relationship between frailty score (FS), metabolic syndrome (MS), and their combined impact on mortality among young population and different genders using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999-2018.
Methods: 57,368 participants were included. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were employed to examine the association between FS and MS, and between FS and all-cause mortality, respectively. Interactions between FS and MS were examined, and sensitivity analyses were conducted by excluding individuals aged ≥ 60 years and in different genders.
Results: Individuals with higher FS were correlated with MS, particularly in females, individuals under 60, and those with higher educational levels. Moreover, each 0.1 increase in FS was associated with a 45% increase in the hazard of all-cause mortality (95% CI: 41%-48%) in the general population, which were consistent in patients with or without MS. Notably, there were significant interactions between FS and MS on mortality risk among females and younger participants (＜60 years) (P for interaction = 0.038 and 0.001, respectively). The associations between FS and mortality in non-MS group were more pronounced among females and younger participants.
Conclusion: Frailty staged by FS is associated with MS, especially among individuals with a college education or above, those under the age of 60, and females. FS is a potential approach to stratify mortality risk in MS and non-MS populations. In females and younger participants, FS is considered more associated with death in the non-MS population.
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.86 & JN.1 shifting tropism from airway to intestine
Authors: Chan Michael C. W. , Hui Kenrie PY , Ho John , Ng Ka-Chun , Chan Jenny , Poon Leo L. M. , Peiris Malik , Nicholls John
Published: August 2024

Omicron has emerged into various sub-lineages. However, the immune landscape against Omicron variants masks their intrinsic phenotypes. We compared replication competence of SARS-CoV-2 variants from BA.1 to JN.1 in explants of human bronchus and lung. Cell entry routes, extrapulmonary infection and innate immune responses were assessed using human airway organoids and intestinal enteroids. BA.5, XBB.1.5 and EG.5.1 replicate to higher titres than BA.2.86 and JN.1 in bronchus and lung explants. Replication of BA.2.86 but not EG.5.1 is inhibited by TMPRSS2 inhibitor. Interestingly, BA.2.86 and JN.1 replicate to higher titres in intestinal enteroids than EG.5.1, which is not seen in colon cells and high expression of ACE2 is found in the intestinal epithelium. BA.5, XBB.1.5 and EG.5.1 intrinsically have higher potential for efficient transmission and causing more severe disease among all tested variants. Dual-pathway cell entry of EG.5.1 contributes to its lung tropism and pathogenicity over BA.2.86. We demonstrate that human airway organoids and intestinal enteroids are more clinically relevant models than cell lines for studying host cell entry and gut tropism, respectively. ACE2 binding affinity is associated with intestinal tropism rather than respiratory tropism. This study reveals the switching from respiratory to intestinal tropism of the BA.2.86 and JN.1.
Free electron topological bound state induced by light beam with a twisted wavefront
Authors: Pan Yiming , Yin Ruoyu , Ding Yongcheng , Wang Huaiqiang , Podolsky Daniel , Zhang Bin
Published: August 2024

Recent advances in ultrafast electron emission, microscopy, and diffraction have demonstrated a remarkable ability to manipulate free electrons with quantum coherence using light beams. Here, we present a framework for exploring free electron quantum number in ultrafast electron-light interactions. We derive an explicit Jackiw-Rebbi solution for a low-energy free electron wavefunction subjected to a spatiotemporally twisted laser field, resulting in a flying topologically protected bound state with a quantum number of e/2 – termed a “half-electron”. This flying bound state is dispersion-free due to its topological nature. We demonstrate the topological confinement and pair generation mechanism of half-electrons in free space, expanding their domain beyond the topological states typically found in solids and photonics. This advancement enhances our understanding of emulating exotic quantum and topological effects with low-energy free electrons.
Desert locusts: pest or opportunity? A new solution to solve the food crisis, generate income, and reduce pollution
Authors: Rahimi Farid
Published: August 2024

Desert Locust "Schistocerca Gregaria", is a pest that destroys human and livestock food sources, leading to a crisis in food security. Chemical spraying methods, in addition to their high costs, contribute to food chain contamination and the resilience of these insects to pesticides. The first comprehensive field study in 2020, conducted in a southern region of Iran under the influence of Desert Locust attacks, employed traps to capture these insects. The study utilized random sampling for data collection and employed non-parametric tests for data analysis. Additionally, the experiences of hunters were assessed using a case study approach and compared to other similar studies. The results revealed that the number of Locusts on the experimental land was approximately − 27% compared to the control land, while the number of trapped Locusts was 3170% higher on the experimental land. Moreover, the number of Locusts in the traps was 4334% higher than on the experimental land. Regarding weight, the weight of Locusts on the control land was approximately 22% greater than on the experimental land. Furthermore, the weight of Locusts captured in traps was 4705% higher than on the experimental land and 3644% higher than on the control land. By the end of the research (on the fifth day), the harvested product weight from the control land was 2635 kilograms, whereas the experimental land yielded 6045 kilograms (2.3 times more). The findings of this study demonstrate that locust hunting, beyond preserving agricultural yields and reducing environmental pollution, leads to increased income for farmers and savings in water and energy consumption. Given these benefits, it is recommended that this method be tested in other regions facing locust invasions.
Thermal effects on the biological parameters of bean Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Dona Rochelyn , Satar Serdar
Published: August 2024

The cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora is a polyphagous species that has spread worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the thermal effects on the developmental period, longevity, and fecundity of apterous females of A. craccivora. The experiment was conducted under the effects of four temperature regimes, which included 16°C, 20°C, 24°C, and 28°C, with 65 ± 5% relative humidity (RH) and a photoperiod of long-day 16:8 (L:D) h. Afterwards, the nymphs developed successfully until the adult stage at all temperature regimens. The developmental period of immature A. craccivora ranged from 10.6 days at 16°C to 5.0 days at 28°C. The nymph viability and survival were greater at 24°C than at the other temperatures. However, at a constant temperature of 28°C, the mortality rate was greater than that of the other species at the immature stage of A. craccivora. The lower developmental threshold for cowpea aphids was estimated at 1.77°C and 66.79 degree-days (DD) at the first instar until adulthood. The average longevity of adult females decreased from 22.2 days at 16°C to 10.8 days at 28°C. The net reproduction rate per female was 46.97 at 24°C and 26.93 to 28°C. The largest intrinsic rates of increase (rm= 0.367) occurred at 28°C, and the smallest occurred at 16°C (rm= 0.177). It was obvious that temperatures greater than 28°C resulted in good development, increased mortality at the nymphal stage, reduced adult longevity, and diminished fecundity. The optimal growth temperature for A. craccivora was 20°C-24°C.
Ipratropium-induced bronchospasm in a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patient-arare and serious clinical vignette of altered drug response: a case report
Authors: S Arun , Anil Abhishek , Iyer Hariharan , Charan Jaykaran , Varthya Shoban Babu , Durgeshwar Gopal , Chatwani Bhavesh , Ambwani Sneha
Published: August 2024

Background:
Ipratropium, an anticholinergic medication, holds a significant position in the management of various respiratory disorders. Primarily utilized in the pharmacotherapy of chronic obstructive lung disease and to relieve the symptoms of bronchospasm by acting on the muscarinic receptors of the bronchial smooth muscle by inhibiting the same receptors.This case report aims to highlight the ipratropium-induced bronchospasm in a patient of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
Case Presentation:
We present a compelling case of severe bronchospasm occurring in a 65-year-old Indian man following the inhalation of a combination of ipratropium bromide and budesonide. This distressing event was accompanied by a precipitous decline in oxygen saturation, plummeting to as low as 40%. Urgent resuscitation measures were imperative, leading to intubation and ventilatory support to restore the patient to a stable state. Following the initial resuscitation, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit for further management. Disturbingly, another exacerbation of symptoms ensued during ventilator support subsequent to nebulization with a combination of ipratropium and levosalbutamol. Encouragingly, the patient's condition ameliorated upon discontinuation of the nebulization.
Conclusion:
This case report illuminates the concerning potential for ipratropium-induced bronchospasm in COPD patients. As we navigate these complexities, the pursuit of safer alternatives like tiotropium takes center stage, reminding us of the continuous evolution in optimizing respiratory therapies. These findings emphasize the significance of vigilant monitoring and tailored interventions in clinical practice.
Functional connectivity density of postcentral gyrus predicts rumination and major depressive disorders in males
Authors: FAN QIUYAO , ZHANG HAOBO
Published: August 2024

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental health condition marked by persistent sadness and loss of interest. Recent evidence suggested that abnormal functional connectivity (FC) may be directly linked to the development of MDD, and that gender differences existed in the FC patterns. In this study, we utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 41 healthy participants to identify FC patterns that correlate with levels of rumination in both genders.The results indicated no gender differences in rumination levels. However, the functional connectivity density (FCD) analysis revealed that in males, the FCD of the postcentral gyrus was negatively correlated with the levels of rumination and brooding, while not with reflection. No FCD in females was found to be related to rumination or its subtypes. Further FC analysis revealed that the connectivities between the postcentral gyrus and several regions, predominantly from the default mode network (DMN), were negatively correlated with rumination levels. This link was assumed to be a risk factor for rumination and MDD in males. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the FC between the postcentral gyrus and the DMN is a potential risk factor for MDD in males, while no FC risk factors were found in females.
Environmental Governance of Forests Over Limestone in Guiuan Marine Reserve Protected Landscape and Seascape (GMRPLS), Guiuan, Eastern Samar, Philippines: A Gendered-Age Perspective
Authors: Hilvano Noba , Buot Inocencio , Origenes Marne , Echapare Edelyn , Balindo Diana
Published: August 2024

Environmental governance of the Forests Over Limestone (FOL) ecosystem is critical, considering its unique and fragile characteristics. However, there is a limited study on the role of gender and age in the perception of stakeholders' participation in forest governance. A survey was conducted in the Forests Over Limestone of Guiuan Marine Reserve Protected Landscape and Seascape (GMRPLS), Guiuan, Eastern Samar, Philippines, to determine the perception of the residents in GMRPLS as to the responsible sectors and groups in the conservation and protection of FOL. The study results showed that men and women of various age groups identified the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), Local Government Units (LGUs), people organizations, non-government organizations, education, businesses and industries, and the community comprising of men and women of various age groups, e.g., children, teenagers, adults, senior citizens, as stakeholders of the FOL in GMRPLS. The study also tried to determine the relationship between age and the respondents' perception of FOL stakeholders. However, no relationship was found between age and their perception of the various groups responsible for FOL governance. Moreover, a very weak (0.096) relationship between age and their perception that adults are responsible for FOL governance was found at a 0.05 significance level. The results indicate that older people are expected to participate in the environmental governance of the FOL ecosystem. A very weak relationship between age and their perception that men (0.123) and women (0.089) are responsible for FOL governance was also found at a 0.01 and 0.05 significance level, respectively. The results suggest a need to develop and implement policies and programs that will empower women to participate in FOL governance while ensuring equal representation of men and women from various age groups in the management of FOL. The study recommends organizing developmental activities for young men and women from different age groups to promote and instill environmental values so that they continue to support the conservation and protection of FOL as they age.
Vacuum aspiration biopsy: evolution of the method, prevention of hemorrhagic complications
Authors: Levanov A. V. , Marushchak E. A. , Sidorov A. O. , Nekrasov D. A. , Mnikhovich M. V. , Vetlitsyna S. V. , Shiripenko I. A. , Akhsanova P. A. , Smeianov V. V. , Katchieva P. K.
Published: August 2024

In Russia, more than 70,000 new cases of breast cancer are registered annually. Vacuum aspiration biopsy (VAB) is a minimally invasive method for diagnosing the genesis of focal breast pathology, which is also used for therapeutic purposes for the complete removal of benign neoplasms. High efficiency and favorable clinical outcomes have allowed VAB to gain wide popularity in clinical practice, due to which the method has been widely developed. However, like any surgical intervention, the VAB procedure may be accompanied by complications, the main share of which are hemorrhagic. Generalization and systematization of information on the development of the VAB technique, prevalence and risk factors of complications, as well as methods of their prevention and timely elimination. Scientific publications cited in this literature review were selected from the Pubmed database of medical and biological publications (National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), USA), the Clinical Key database (Elsevier Corporation, the Netherlands), Web of Science Citation Indexing Database (Clarivate, USA), Google Scholar (CIF), and the scientific electronic library elibrary.ru (Russia). The information presented in the article can become a theoretical basis for future research aimed at increasing safety, further development and improvement of the VAB technique.
An Investigation of Graduate Theses on Classroom Teachers' Instructional Practices Related to Inclusion
Authors: Demirbilek Serap , Bulut Özsezer M. Sencer , Demirbilek Mesut
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Inclusion and the role of classroom teachers in this education process have become increasingly important in recent years. The number of postgraduate theses on inclusion has gradually increased in this context. In this direction, this study aims to examine the doctoral theses dealing with classroom teachers' instructional practices related to inclusion.
Method: The study used document analysis. A total of fifty-four postgraduate theses on classroom teachers' instructional practices related to inclusion, determined by criterion sampling, were subjected to analysis.
Findings: When the results obtained in the research are examined, it is seen that the laws and regulations enacted and the postgraduate studies carried out are historically parallel. However, methodologically, it was seen that more quantitative analyses were conducted on classroom teachers' instructional practices related to inclusion. It was found that designs and models such as descriptive/general survey, relational design, and case study were used intensively, and in terms of sampling methods, simple random sampling, criterion sampling, purposive sampling, and maximum variation sampling methods came to the fore. Again, when the subjects/variables addressed by the theses and the tendencies of the theses were examined, it was seen that the teaching and classroom practices carried out by classroom teachers related to inclusion gained weight. In addition, it was determined that the topics of classroom management in inclusion, teacher competencies or qualifications, support for teachers in special education, and teacher attitudes also formed a trend in postgraduate research.
Discussion: As a result, when we look at the theses, it is seen that a method based on describing the existing situation and problems is followed, and experimental research, suggestions, planning, and modeling for solving problems or effective inclusion practices are missing.
Does Innovative Behavior Condition The Impact Of Structural Empowerment On Entrepreneurial Success?
Authors: Sugiyanto Eviatiwi Kusumaningtyas , Widjajanti Kesi , Wijayanti Ratna
Published: August 2024

This study aims to close the gap of previous research related to the impact of structural empowerment on business success. Apart from the research gap, this research departs from the phenomenon of the large entrepreneurial potential of women in Indonesia which can be supported by empowerment programs. To close the research gap, innovative behavior is used as a mediating variable between the influence of structural empowerment and business success. Data was collected via Google form on 96 women entrepreneurs. The sample is determined through purposive sampling. The analysis tool used is SEM with the Wrap PLS 8.0 program. The research results show that both structural empowerment and innovative behavior influence business success, and innovative behavior has succeeded as a mediating variable in this research.
Measuring innovation in education: a multiparametric approach
Authors: Kravtsov Aleksei Olegovich
Published: August 2024

One of the key problems of pedagogical innovation is the problem of measuring innovation.
The author substantiates the specifics of the phenomenon of "measuring innovation" and suggests a multiparametric approach to the process of measuring innovation based on identifying their inherent characteristics.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS QUE VALORIZAM O EMPREENDEDORISMO RURAL FEMININO
Authors: Alves Guedes Albertina Marília Alves Guedes , Neto Ernani Machado de Freitas Lins , Barbosa de Melo Rosemary
Published: August 2024

This study consists of a theoretical review research which aims to promote a dialogue on public policies that value female rural entrepreneurship. Scientific articles available in the Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases published between 2010 and 2023 were consulted. Eleven articles were found which present public policies implemented to date that enable rural women's entrepreneurship. Some of the main policies are: National Rural Workers Documentation Program; Rural Women's Productive Organization Program; Technical Assistance and Rural Extension for Women; Pronaf Woman; Credit Support for Women in Settlements, and; National Land Reform Program: Joint Title. As highlighted in the texts consulted, these public policies enable generation of income, visibility, protagonism, empowerment, among other aspects that value entrepreneurship of rural women. However, despite advances achieved to date, there are still challenges to be overcome, especially with regard to gender bias.
Assessing TGF-β Prognostic Model Predictions for Chemotherapy Response and Oncogenic Role of FKBP1A in Liver Cancer
Authors: Chen Weimei , Que Qinghe , Zhong Rongrong , Lin Zhou , Yi Qiaolan , Wang Qingshui
Published: August 2024

Background:

The Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway plays a crucial
role in the pathogenesis of diseases. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed TGF-β-related genes
in liver cancer patients and to correlate these findings with clinical features and immune signatures.

Methods:

The TCGA-STAD and LIRI-JP cohorts were utilized for a comprehensive analysis of TGF-β-
related genes. Differential gene expression, functional enrichment, survival analysis, and machine learning
techniques were employed to develop a prognostic model based on a TGF-β-related gene signature
(TGFBRS).

Results:

We developed a prognostic model for liver cancer based on the expression levels of nine TGF-β-
related genes. The model indicates that higher TGFBRS values are associated with poorer prognosis, higher
tumor grades, more advanced pathological stages, and resistance to chemotherapy. Additionally, the
TGFBRS-High subtype was characterized by elevated levels of immune-suppressive cells and increased expression
of immune checkpoint molecules. Using a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) machine learning
approach, the FKBP1A gene was identified as playing a significant role in liver cancer. Notably, knocking
down FKBP1A significantly inhibited the proliferation and metastatic capabilities of liver cancer cells both in
vitro and in vivo.

Conclusion:

Our study highlights the potential of TGFBRS in predicting chemotherapy responses and in
shaping the tumor immune microenvironment in liver cancer. The results identify FKBP1A as a promising
molecular target for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies against liver cancer. Our findings could
potentially guide personalized treatment strategies to improve the prognosis of liver cancer patients.
Prompt Multi-level Segmentation with Denoising Model with Fragile Correlated Feature Subset for Brain Tumor Classification
Authors: Krishnaveni Putta Rama , Suman M.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Classifying brain tumors with extraordinary precision using images is critical for prognosis and treatment planning. The aberrant proliferation of
brain cells characterizes brain tumors. Variations in neuronal development may occur among individuals. The classification of tumors as benign or
malignant is contingent upon their rate of growth. A benign tumor remains localized at its site of origin; one that has spread to distant sites is
malignant. Brain tumor identification may be difficult due to the unique characteristics of brain tumor cells.

Objective:

This study presents a method that methodically improves the identification of brain tumor cells and the analysis of functional structures through the utilization of sample training that incorporates features extracted from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images. In the image enhancement phase, the color information of the MRI image is converted to greyscale, and its margins are sharpened to facilitate the detection of finer details.

:

For specialists or general practitioners to accurately diagnose life-threatening conditions, such as brain tumors, medical images are required. Picture denoising has been identified in recent research as a potentially fruitful area of study. It is critical to perform image cleanup while preserving the sharpness of the boundaries.

Methods:

In this research, a Prompt Multi Level Segmentation Denoising model with a Fragile Correlated Feature Subset (PMLSD-FCFS) model is proposed
for accurate denoising of MRI images and to extract the most relevant features set by applying a feature dimensionality reduction model for better
brain tumor predictions.

Results:

The proposed model achieves 98.2% accuracy in Multi-Level Image Segmentation and 98.4% accuracy in Fragile Correlated Feature Subset
Generation.

Conclusion:

The experimental findings indicated that the model proposed exhibits superior performance compared to the traditional algorithms. Furthermore, it
successfully eliminates the noise from the MRI images, and most relevant features are only considered for brain tumor detection, thereby
enhancing the accuracy of classification.
Platinum Group Metals against Parasites: State of the Art and Future
Perspectives
Authors: Mendez-Arriaga Jose Manuel
Published: August 2024

Background:

Globally, parasitic diseases are considered among the neglected diseases.
Clinically, several drugs are used in treatment, however due to drug resistance and multidrug resistance
and the low investment in new research lines, there has been a failure in the treatment of
parasitic illnesses.

Objectives:

The present mini-review is a comprehensive review of the use of platinum group metals
as biological agents. It aims to establish the actual state of the art of these metal elements in the
antiparasitic activity-specific area and define the future possibilities of action.

Methods:

The review comprises more than 100 research works done in this field. The differences
between platinum group metals chemistry and their use as metal complexes with biological activity
have been discussed.

Results:

This review highlighted the platinum group metal's potential as an antiparasitic agent for
different diseases.

Conclusion:

The review will be helpful for the researchers involved in targeted drugs for parasitic
disease therapy.
Novel Approaches and Applications of Nanotechnology in the Delivery of Topical Drugs for Psoriasis via Nanocarriers
Authors: Kuwar Utkarsha Chhotulal , Pradhan Madhulika , Dhote Nidhi Sudhir , Patel Rajat , Sinha Agnivesh , Jain Parag , Ajazuddin
Published: August 2024

Psoriasis is a non-contagious, continuing, auto-immune disease that mostly affects the
skin, and about 2%-3% of the world's population suffers from it. In this review article, the primary
focus is on the strategies involved in conventional therapies and the latest advances that
have been recorded in metallic nano, polymer-based, and lipid-based formulations in the spectrum
of anti-psoriatic drugs. Liposomes, ethosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, micelles, and dendrimers
are only some of the nanocarrier systems that have been extensively researched in relation
to their potential use in nano formulations. This study incorporates patent applications that
illustrate the nanoparticle's function in treating psoriasis. Hence, on the basis of an extensive
literature survey, it is concluded that nano-formulations are a promising medium to treat a disease
like psoriasis as they offer enhanced penetration, target-specific delivery, and improved
efficacy. When applied to the study of biological systems and the development of novel medical
technologies, nanobiotechnology offers potentially promising possibilities for the efficient use of
nanoscale materials and processes. In this approach, nanotechnology and biotechnology are
combined in order to develop nanoscale devices, materials, and systems that can be used for the
diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of psoriasis. The future of the therapeutic effect of
antipsoriatic drugs is dependent on both the benefits they have the ability to bring and the
progress being made in the mass production of these carriers. Researching novel carrier systems
or combination therapies is essential, but so is working to scale up existing technologies so they
may be commercialised and used to benefit society at large.
A Review on the Epidemiology and Clinical Management of Neglected Tropical Diseases
Authors: Dwivedi Medha , Pawar Aiswarya , Kori Mahima , Yadav Hitendra , Dwivedi Manish
Published: August 2024

:

Infectious disorders known as Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) initially affect the world's underprivileged citizens. They have been disregarded for many years, first as a result of a general indifference to such a developing world and, more recently, as an outcome of the intense attention on AIDS, TB, and malaria. Tropical diseases mostly affect the region where health and hygiene are sacrificed, and most of the population lacks access to sufficient food and living resources. WHO has drafted and released the directions for regulation, pre-vention, and successful eradication of NTDs as per the revised roadmap of 2021-2030. This shifts from vertical disease programs to integrated cross-cutting methods. In the current work, we have provided comprehensive information on various aspects of neglected tropical dis-eases, including the clinical management of NTDs. This encompasses the causative agent of the diseases, their symptoms, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and epidemio-logical perspective of major NTDs. This review will shed light on several perspectives of NTDs having influential roles in proposing strategies to control and treat them around the world.
Microstructure, strain rate, and temperature effects on the compressive loading behavior of (FeMnNiCo)1-xMox high entropy alloy
Authors: KRÜGER Lutz
Published: August 2024

Abstract. High entropy alloys based on FeMnNiCoMo offer a potential for high energy absorption and high strength, even at low temperatures. In this work, the effects of chemical composition and grain size on the mechanical properties were investigated. Compression tests at a wide range of strain rates and temperatures have been performed. For a strain rate of about 102 s−1 an instrumented drop weight tower was applied. Furthermore, cryogenic temperature tests at −196 °C were carried out. The microstructure was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy and transmission Kikuchi diffraction. Hence, the role of grain size, precipitations, and twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) on the yield strength and the further strain hardening were investigated.
Optimizing deep drawing parameters for power battery shells through the integration of feature-weighted SVM and genetic algorithm
Authors: WANG Ruoda
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Deep drawing is one of the main forming processes for battery shells, and the rational setting of its process parameters directly affects the quality of the formation. Selecting the optimal deep drawing process parameters requires repeated trials and simulations, which increases the cost, reduces the efficiency, and poses a significant challenge to enterprises. To address this challenge, we focus on the first deep drawing process of the battery shell, proposing a parameter optimization method for battery shell deep drawing based on a Feature-Weighted Support Vector Machine (FWSVM) and Genetic Algorithms (GA). Our aim is twofold: on the one hand, to establish an agent model for finite element analysis of the deep drawing process using the FWSVM technique to enhance prediction accuracy and save simulation time; on the other hand, to derive optimal deep drawing process parameters using GA. The experimental results indicate that the FWSVM can accurately establish the relationship between process input/output parameters, and the optimized process parameters achieved through this method can realize the minimum thinning rate and convex mold contact force.
WILLINGNESS OF ISLAND COMMUNITY TO PARTICIPATE IN THE WASTE-TO-WEALTH PROGRAM: A CASE STUDY IN TELUK RENJUNA, TUMPAT, KELANTAN, MALAYSIA
Authors: Yusoh Mohamad Pirdaus , Muhamad Nor Amal Najihah , Hambali Kamarul Ariffin , Abdul Latip Normah , Abas Muhamad Azahar
Published: August 2024

This manuscript explores Teluk Renjuna communities’ willingness to participate in the waste-to-wealth program. Waste-to-wealth is an initiative to reduce the environmental impact of waste disposal. The total number of respondents who participated in this study was 118 respondents. Analysis indicated a reasonable waste disposal practice among respondents, with moderate knowledge and high awareness of the waste-to-wealth program. Besides that, this study found no significant sociodemographic impact on the knowledge and awareness of respondents on the waste-to-wealth program, except for age, income, and marital status. A Pearson Correlation test assessed the significance between knowledge, awareness, practices, and willingness. The results indicated a weak relationship between practices and willingness. A moderate relationship was found between knowledge and willingness, and a strong relationship was observed between awareness and willingness. The findings of this study are crucial to help government agencies or NGOs in planning suitable waste-to-wealth programs for the island community.
AN INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF GREEN HIGHWAY ASSESSMENT CRITERIA FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Husin Nur Illiana , Julaihi Farah-Ajlaa , Amat Rais Syamimi Liyana , Redzuan Azah Farizah , Bidin Zafikha Aida
Published: August 2024

In line with the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, all industries are slowly moving toward a greener approach through their activities and practices. The construction industry is a major contributor to overall economic growth as it provides infrastructure and physical facilities for people. However, the activities involved have caused several environmental impacts, such as pollution, climate change, destruction of natural habitats, landfill waste, and overconsumption of global resources. Therefore, this study presents a comprehensive analysis on the infrastructure work, which is the green highway assessment. The assessment criteria and rating methods were derived from seven prominent frameworks, including Greenroads, WISE, GreenLITES, I-LAST, BE2ST, Greenroads Manual, and MyGHI. Moreover, this research evaluates these sustainable criteria across five elements of green highway development: sustainable design and construction activity, energy efficiency, environmental and water management, materials and technology, and social and safety aspects. This research adopted a systematic literature review and comparative analysis to identify commonalities, differences, and gaps in existing assessment frameworks, providing insights into the holistic evaluation of green highways and sustainable infrastructure projects. The findings of this research contribute to advancing the understanding of green highway initiatives, especially in the local context, and policy development in the field of sustainable infrastructure.
ASSESSING SATELLITE RAINFALL ACCURACY IN DENSE TROPICAL SABAH EAST COAST FOREST, MALAYSIA: A CROSS-VALIDATION OF DOWNSCALING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Jamru Lindah Roziani , Jafar Adi , Nadzri Mohammad Izuan , Yusoh Mohamad Pirdaus , Cleophas Fera
Published: August 2024

Rainfall is one of pivotal elements in the hydrological cycle that essential for ensuring the water balance in present and in the future. Traditional in-situ observations have been the conventional method for obtaining rainfall data, but their limitations arise from discrete point measurements that fail to represent the entire area. To overcome these limitations, this study utilizes satellite based TRMM data products for rainfall estimation. The research aims to cross-validate the TRMM 3B43-v7 product against corresponding in-situ measured rainfall, focusing on error localization in Sabah's east coast. The derivation of the rainfall rate from TRMM data is adequate with additional data from three manual gauges within the plots. The correlation between TRMM and ground was good (R2 = 0.78, RMSE = 65.65 mm). The Nash and Sutcliffe Error results closed to value 1 indicate that the accuracy of the TRMM data compared to the rain-gauge data in Danum has a good agreement. This is due to the IDW downscaling method for satellite rainfall data using additional data from three manual-gauges within the plots to increase the accuracy of the TRMM data. In summary, the downscaling method proves capable of providing fine spatial resolution and increasing the number of pixels in the study area. Future research endeavours may benefit from incorporating more station data to further improve the interpolation of satellite data and derive more precise results.
Especies arbóreas con potencial de uso forestal y agroforestal en Tolima, Cesar y Meta
Authors: Zuluaga Peláez Jhon Jairo , Rivera Rojas Milton , Gutiérrez Vanegas Albert Julesmar , Cervera Bonilla Diana Catalina , Arias Rojas Jaime Andrés , Moreno Barragán Jessica , Flórez Tuta Natalia
Published: August 2024

Si bien los procesos de reforestación en Colombia se han realizado principalmente utilizando especies exóticas o introducidas, la alta diversidad de especies nativas podría convertirlas en una alternativa socioeconómica para los productores, además de contribuir a la adaptación y mitigación de la variabilidad y el cambio climático, así como a la recuperación del paisaje natural, la cultura y las tradiciones de los territorios. Sin embargo, la información es limitada o no hay suficientes datos disponibles sobre el comportamiento silvicultural de las especies, su adaptación y su crecimiento en plantaciones comerciales o en asocio bajo sistemas agroforestales y silvopastoriles para promover el desarrollo forestal en el país. Esta cartilla, dirigida a productores, academia, técnicos y profesionales del sector, incluye resultados obtenidos en los centros de investigación Nataima (Tolima), Motilonia (Cesar) y La Libertad (Meta) de agrosavia para las especies forestales caracolí (Anacardium excelsum), iguá (Albizia guachapele), ocobo o roble (Tabebuia rosea), camajón (Sterculia apetala), guayacán (Bulnesia arborea), carreto (Aspidosperma olyneuron), machaco (Simarouba amara) y cañafístola (Cassia moschata).
Users’ Perceived Service Quality of National Telemedicine Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khatun Fatema , Das Novel Chandra , Hoque Md Rakibul , Saqeeb Kazi Nazmus , Rahman Monjur , Park Kyung Ryul , Rasheed Sabrina , Reidpath Daniel D
Published: August 2024

Background

COVID-19 created an opportunity for using teleconsultation as an alternative way of accessing expert medical advice. Bangladesh has seen a 20-fold increase in the use of teleconsultation during the pandemic.

Objective

The aim of our study was to assess the influence of service quality and user satisfaction on the intention to use teleconsultation in the future among users of national teleconsultation services during the pandemic.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2020 among users of the national teleconsultation service—Shastho Batayon for acute respiratory infection. A validated mobile health service quality model based on structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis was used to analyze the data with SmartPLS (version 3.0).

Results

Among the 2097 study participants, 1646 (78.5%) were male, 1416 (67.5%) were aged 18‐39 years, 1588 (75.7%) were urban residents, 1348 (64.2%) had more than 10 years of schooling, and 1657 (79%) were from middle-income households. From a consumer perspective, the quality of the service platform (β=.946), service interaction (β=.974), and outcome (β=.955) contributed to service quality. Service quality was positively associated with user satisfaction (β=.327; P<.001) and intention to use teleconsultation services (β=.102; P<.001). User satisfaction was positively associated with the intention to use teleconsultation services (β=.311; P<.001).

Conclusions

The increase in the use of teleconsultation during the pandemic indicated that such services were potentially used for emergencies. However, the future use of teleconsultation will be dependent on the quality of service and user satisfaction. Our findings are relevant for low-income contexts where teleconsultation services are used to address gaps in service delivery.
Telebehavioral Health for Caregivers of Children With Behavioral Health Needs to Address Caregiver Strain: Cohort Study
Authors: Loo Theoren , Altman Myra , Grodberg David , La Guardia Jennifer , Bravata Dena
Published: August 2024

Background

Behavioral health conditions among children have worsened over the past decade. Caregivers for children with behavioral health conditions are at risk for two types of caregiver strain: (1) an objective strain, that results directly from the child’s condition and (2) subjective strain, that arises from the caregiver’s feelings regarding these events.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a technology-enabled pediatric and family behavioral health service on caregivers’ strain among a commercially insured population. We also explore the common symptom clusters of caregiver strain to better understand the caregiver presentation to inform future care planning.

Methods

We examined changes in caregiver strain using the Caregiver Strain Questionnaire-Short Form 7 over the course of their child’s web-based behavioral health care between 2021 and 2023 using a pre-post study design. Common caregiver strain symptom clusters were identified using Ward hierarchical agglomerative clustering.

Results

The majority of children were White 60.8% (1002/1647), female 53.6% (882/1647), and aged between 5 and 9 years (33.7%, 555/1647). Families fall broadly into 4 groups based on what drives caregiver strain the most, namely those experiencing (1) disrupted family relationships and time interruption, (2) missed work, (3) worried about their child’s future and feeling tired and sad, and (4) financial strain. Caregiver strain, which was associated with the child’s disease severity (P<.001), decreased significantly in all therapeutic groups.

Conclusions

Web-based family-oriented behavioral health care can improve caregiver strain and reduce family and time disruptions, missed work, and financial strain. Sources of caregiver strain vary and may be overlooked when relying on the conventional scoring of the Caregiver Strain Questionnaire-Short Form 7.
Integrating Infant Safe Sleep and Breastfeeding Education into an App: A Novel Approach to Reaching High-Risk Populations (Preprint)
Authors: Krishnamurti Tamar , Moon Rachel , Richichi Rudolph , Berger Rachel
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) is a leading cause of death for US infants, and non-recommended sleep practices are reported in most of these deaths. SUID rates have not declined over the past 20 years despite significant educational efforts. Integration of prenatal safe sleep and breastfeeding education into a pregnancy app may be one approach to engaging pregnant individuals in education about infant care practices prior to childbirth.

OBJECTIVE

To assess whether pregnant individuals would engage with prenatal safe sleep and breastfeeding education provided within a pre-existing pregnancy app. Secondary objectives were to compare engagement among those at high and low risk of losing an infant to SUID and to assess the importance of end-user push notifications for engagement.

METHODS

Prospective randomized controlled study from 9/23/2019 to 3/22/24; push notifications were removed 10/26/21. TodaysBaby, a mobile health program in which safe sleep and breastfeeding video education was originally provided via texts, was embedded into the MyHealthyPregnancy app. Pregnant mothers who received prenatal care within the UPMC hospital system were randomized to receive either the safe sleep or breastfeeding education beginning at the start of the third trimester of pregnancy and ending 6 weeks post-partum. Women were designated as high-risk if they lived in the 5% of zip codes in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania with the highest rates of SUID in the county. The primary outcome was engagement, defined as watching at least one video either in response to a push notification or directly from the app’s learning center.

RESULTS

7572 women were enrolled in the TodaysBaby Program, 3308 with push notifications and 4264 without. The TodaysBaby engagement rate was 18.8% with push notifications and 3.0% without. Engagement was highest in the initial weeks after enrollment, with a steady decline through pregnancy and very little post-partum engagement. There was no difference in engagement between women who were low and high-risk. The most viewed videos were ones addressing the use of pacifiers, concern about infant choking, and the response of the body to the start of breastfeeding.

CONCLUSIONS

Integrating safe sleep and breastfeeding education within a pregnancy app may allow for rapid dissemination of infant care information to pregnant individuals. Birthing parents at high risk of losing an infant to SUID - a leading cause of infant death after 1 month of age - appear to engage with the app at the same rates as birth parents who are at low risk. Our data demonstrate that push notifications increase engagement, overall and for those in high-risk zip codes where the SUID education is likely to have the most impact.
Correction: Effectiveness of the Pasifika Women’s Diabetes Wellness Program (PWDWP): Protocol for a Pilot Intervention and Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Akbar Heena , Contor Madison , Niumata Winnie , Anderson Debra , Gallegos Danielle
Published: August 2024

UNSTRUCTURED
Geographical Disparities in Research Misconduct: Analyzing Retraction Patterns by Country (Preprint)
Authors: Sebo Paul , Sebo Melissa
Published: August 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

This study examines disparities in research retractions due to misconduct, identifying countries with the highest retraction counts and those disproportionately represented relative to population and publication output. The findings emphasize the need for improved research integrity measures.