bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSOLIDAÇÃO DOS VALORES DE REFERÊNCIA DE MARCADORES BIOQUÍMICOS HEPÁTICOS E RENAIS DE RATOS (RATTUS NOVERGICUS) LINHAGEM WISTAR – MATRIZ UNIB
Authors: Almeida Kelly Costa de , FOLLY CLÁUDIA MARTINS , BAPTISTA ANDREA REGINA DE SOUZA , PASCOAL VINICIUS BITTENCOURT , PASCOAL AISLAN CRISTINA RHEDER FAGUNDES
Published: July 2022

Introdução: O uso de ratos em pesquisas biomédicas começou há mais de 160 anos atrás e o primeiro uso registrado para investigação científica foi um estudo de sobre os resultados da adrenalectomia em ratos albinos. Desde então os modelos animais são considerados como uma importante ferramenta para o progresso da ciência, já que experimentos realizados em animais são úteis para a exploração de doenças humanas e sua causa, prevenção ou cura. Tais modelos podem ser empregados no controle de produtos farmacêuticos, produção e desenvolvimento de vacinas, como também de novas técnicas de tratamento cirúrgico. Porém, os parâmetros bioquímicos de animais de laboratório podem variar entre linhagens e cepas de uma dada espécie, sendo influenciados por valores do microambiente e macroambiente do biotério de criação e manutenção, assim como particularidades do método e kit comercial utilizado na análise. Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar os valores de referência para os parâmetros hepáticos e renais de animais não-tratados oriundos do Núcleo de Animais de Laboratório da Universidade Federal Fluminense e mantidos no Biotério do Laboratório Multiusuário de Pesquisa Biomédica, localizado no Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo.  Metodologia: Foram utilizados ratos Wistar, machos, saudáveis, pesando em média 200 a 300 g. Foi avaliado o perfil hepático (TGO, TGP, fosfatase alcalina, gama GT, proteínas totais, albumina, bilirrubina total e bilirrubina direta) e os marcadores renais (ureia e creatinina). Resultados: Foi possível constatar a variação quanto às dosagens séricas, reforçando a premissa de que a modificação na metodologia e kit, bem como a utilização de uma linhagem que é heterogênea, pode impactar potencialmente nos valores encontrados. Conclusão: Os dados da pesquisa estabelecem valores de referência para a criação de ratos Wistar, auxiliando a análise em diversos projetos de pesquisas experimentais, além de realizar uma comparação dos valores obtidos com o que já consta na literatura.
A QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA REAGENTE EM LABORATÓRIOS CLÍNICOS
Authors: Prudencio Patricia Barbosa de Castro , SOUSA SIMONE DOS SANTOS , HEINEN RENATA CORRÊA
Published: July 2022

Introdução: A água é um reagente utilizado na maioria dos testes laboratoriais e por isso deve seguir um padrão de controle de qualidade rigoroso. Para que seja considerada reagente ela precisa ser pura, isto é, esta água utilizada em laboratórios deve conter quantidades mínimas de contaminantes, como, íons, matéria orgânica, inorgânica e microrganismos. Para remover essas impurezas, existem várias organizações que estabelecem padrões para a água de laboratório, dentre elas , a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), a American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) e o Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever a importância da qualidade da água utilizada como reagente em laboratórios clínicos. Material e métodos: O estudo foi realizado através de uma revisão bibliográfica, com artigos encontrados pela base de dados do Google acadêmico, Scielo, Lilacs, utilizando os seguintes descritores: “água reagente”, “tecnologias de purificação”, “métodos de purificação de água”. Resultados: Como observado nas pesquisas bibliográficas, são aplicadas diversas técnicas para se obter a purificação da água a ser utilizada, pois dependerá de sua complexidade e necessidade específica. As principais técnicas são: a destilação, a filtração, a micro, ultra e nanofiltração, a osmose reversa, a deionização, a eletrodeionização, a adsorção e a oxidação ultravioleta, além de combinações entre estas técnicas. Conclusão: Para o sucesso da purificação da água é necessário rigoroso monitoramento e manutenção adequada aos equipamentos de purificação, para que não ocorra a contaminação e alterações dos resultados de exames. A água é essencial e contribui para que o laboratório tenha um desenvolvimento de qualidade.
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS E SUA RESISTÊNCIA BACTERIANA A BETALACTÂMICOS CAUSADA PELO USO INDISCRIMINADO DE ANTIMICROBIANOS
Authors: Porto Müller Maciel de Almeida , AVILA JOSIANE
Published: July 2022

Introdução: O Staphylococcus aureus é uma bactéria Gram-positiva, catalase e coagulase positiva, encontrada também na epiderme humana, de fácil adaptação e responsável por boa parte das infecções bacterianas, desde foliculites e pneumonias a endocardites e septicemias. Os betalactâmicos fazem parte de um grupo de antimicrobianos bastante prescrito pelos profissionais da saúde contra algumas infecções, que possui o anel betalactâmico, uma estrutura química que inibe a síntese de peptidoglicano na parede celular da bactéria. O uso irracional de antimicrobianos pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de resistência bacteriana e a disseminação de microrganismos resistentes, causando problemas sérios à saúde pública. Objetivo:  Demonstrar como o uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos, em especial, os betalactâmicos, pode desencadear resistência bacteriana de Staphylococcus aureus em infecções, relacionar o uso irracional desses antimicrobianos com a resistência bacteriana do Staphylococcus aureus e o papel do farmacêutico frente a esse uso indiscriminado. Metodologia: Através da revisão bibliográfica de estudo de artigos científicos disponíveis pela busca na base de dados, como SciELO e bibliotecas de universidades publicados entre os anos de 2010 e 2021. Resultados: Alguns fatores contribuem para o uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos, entre elas: a facilidade de aquisição, a falsa ideia de utilizar um antimicrobiano de amplo espectro em infecções simples e a interrupção do tratamento após o desaparecimento dos primeiros sintomas, contribuindo para o processo de resistência bacteriana e o fracasso do tratamento. Com a inserção do profissional farmacêutico em equipes multiprofissionais poderia minimizar muitos desses fatores, pelo seu conhecimento técnico em medicamentos e pela amplitude de atuação desse profissional, desde drogarias a laboratórios clínicos e hospitais. Conclusão: O uso irracional de antimicrobianos se tornou uma das principais causas para o aumento do índice de resistência bacteriana, sendo os betalactâmicos, o grupo mais utilizado indiscriminado e, consequentemente, se tornando menos eficazes. O farmacêutico é o profissional da saúde que tem como uma de suas atribuições relacionadas, a atenção farmacêutica, na qual abrange a conduta ética, o compromisso com o bem estar dos pacientes, a orientação e a dispensação farmacêuticas, dentre outras, que contribuem na promoção da saúde, incluindo o uso racional de medicamentos, e na prevenção de doenças.
Hongos nematófagos en el biocontrol de Meloidogyne exigua Goeldi en Coffea arabica L. var. Catimor, en Satipo – Perú
Authors: Alomia Lucero Jose M. , Capcha Ospina Elilseo
Published: July 2022

La selva central del Perú es la región más importante de producción de café a nivel nacional, donde observa una alta incidencia de nemátodo formador de agallas en las raíces del cafeto; Meloidogyne exigua Goeldi, no tiene un control adecuado ya que el control químico afecta la salud y el medio ambiente, en ese sentido se busca alternativas de control biológico. El objetivo fue probar la eficacia de tres hongos nematófagos contra M. exigua Goeldi utilizando plantas de vivero. El trabajo se realizó en laboratorio y campo. Las variables evaluadas fueron: número de agallas, incidencia de nematodo, severidad, población de huevos, población de juveniles 2 y población de hembras. Los resultados muestran que 1a aplicación de Pochonia chlamidosporia supera estadísticamente en el control de nematodos respecto a Paecilomyces lilacinus y Trichoderma harzianum, que ocupan el segundo y tercer lugar respectivamente. La dosis de 2 g/plántula para P. chlamidosporia supera estadísticamente a las dosis de 1,0 y 0,5 g/plántula. Cuando aumenta la dosis de aplicación de Paecilomyces lilacinus y Pochonia chlamydosporia disminuyen todas las variables; pero cuando aumenta la dosis de Trichoderma harzianum las variables permanecen constantes, por lo que no tiene efecto de control.
Productivismo académico y científico en el Perú
Authors: Velasco-Mieses Juan Carlos
Published: July 2022

En 2013, el Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Concytec) implementó el “Directorio Nacional de Investigadores e Innovadores – DINA” como una base de datos para profesionales peruanos y extranjeros residentes en Perú, donde se reúne información valiosa sobre los grados, títulos y toda la producción académica relacionada con la investigación de forma auto referenciada, esto quiere decir que el investigador era el único responsable por la información proporcionada.
Almacenamiento de biomasa y carbono en huertas urbanas de Yantaló, Perú
Authors: Ordóñez-Ruiz Karina Milagros , Ordóñez-Sánchez Luis Alberto
Published: July 2022

Esta investigación buscó estimar la cantidad de carbono almacenada en la biomasa y el suelo, a fin de valorar los servicios ambientales que podrían brindar las huertas urbanas. Se midieron áreas totales y huertas de los lotes urbanos. Se estudió la biomasa total de cada huerta, referida a árboles, arbustos, hierbas, hojarascas, mantillo y raíces, también el resultado del análisis del suelo de cada huerta. Yantaló, posee 1893 lotes urbanos según fuentes municipales. La superficie promedio de cada lote urbano es de 311 m2; de esta superficie 109 m2 (35%), corresponde a huerta. La suma de las superficies de los lotes urbanos alcanza a 59 ha aproximadamente; de esta cantidad, las huertas alcanzan a 21 ha. La biomasa seca promedio por huerta es de 0,527 t. La biomasa promedio del distrito de Yantaló es 998 t. La biomasa aporta en la captura de carbono un 38%; mientras que el suelo el 62%. La huerta de un lote urbano del distrito, captura en promedio 0,63 t de carbono; mientras que la ciudad distrital de Yantaló captura en promedio 1196 t de carbono; esta cantidad de carbono capturado, tendrían un valor económico ambiental de 26 305 dólares anuales, considerando $22 por tn.
Parámetros productivos de cuyes mejorados en tres densidades de crianza, distrito de Tocache
Authors: Ramirez-Navarro Williams , Cárdenas-Alayo Carmen Teodoro
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el espacio adecuado para mejorar los parámetros productivos y reproductivos de la crianza de cuyes; los objetivos específicos fueron: evaluar la adaptabilidad climática, parámetros productivos y densidad adecuada para las líneas mejoradas de cuyes Perú, Inti y criollo. Se evaluaron 216 cuyes, utilizando la metodología bioclimática de temperatura, sistema de alimentación mixta y diferentes densidades de cuyes mejorados y criollos en un área de 1 m2; el estudio realizado fue de tipo aplicativo y de nivel explicativo, utilizando el diseño experimental DBCA (Diseño bloque completamente al azar); los datos producto de la recopilación de la variable peso y su relación, fueron procesados en el programa Excel, mediante el análisis de varianza (ANOVA). Concluyendo, que el cuy de la línea Perú relativamente responde mejor las 3 densidades poblacionales (5, 6 y 7 cuyes) bajo las condiciones de espacio vital de 1 m2 en la variable condiciones climatológicas; mientras los cuyes de las líneas Inti y Criollo en las mismas densidades muestran mejor desarrollo y crecimiento en relación al peso. En cuanto a cuyes de la línea Perú e Inti han demostrado incremento promedio de peso en 20 gramos y los cuyes de la línea Criolla expresaron peso de 15 gramos por semana.
Progress, prospects, and limitations of organoid technology
Authors: Park Jin Hee , Byeun Do Gyeung , Choi Jung Kyu
Published: July 2022

Organoids are mini-organs generated through in vitro 3-dimensional culture that mimic some of the structural and physiological functions of real organs. In recent research, various organoids have been derived from pluripotent stem cells or multipotent organ-specific adult stem cells in vitro and have been used in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, precision medicine, toxicology studies, and drug discovery. However, research on reproduction-related organoids has not been comprehensive, and some limitations need to be addressed for culturing these organoids. In this review, we discuss the historical advances, major recent developments, limitations, and potential of organoid culture, including human reproductive organoids.
Service quality at retail banks in Durban
Authors:   , Zungu Nkululeko PraiseGod
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate service quality at retail banks, such as Standard Bank, ABSA Bank, First National Bank and Nedbank in Durban. The four objectives of this study are set as: Firstly, to identify the level of satisfaction with customer service received from different retail banks in Durban; Secondly, to identify customers’ expectations in terms of quality services provided by retail banks; Thirdly, to ascertain the perceptions of customers towards the service provided by retail banks in Durban; Fourthly, to measure the gaps between customer expectations and perceptions of service quality, using a modified version of the SERVQUAL model. The instrument used to assess the retail bank customer’s expectation and expectations of service quality, was the SERVQUAL questionnaire, measuring expectations and perceptions according to five quality dimensions. A total of 448 students were surveyed. Quota sampling was used in this study, in order to improve representativeness. Using quota sampling involves selecting the characteristics that are required in the sample and then sampling until enough representatives of each category are achieved. Although this is a form of non-probability sampling, a quota sample can provide a good approximation to a probability sample. It means that distributing questionnaires to a certain group would be stopped after the prescribed quota is reached. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. Conclusions and recommendations were thereafter drawn from the literature and the findings of the study. The study shows that retail bank customer expectations of service quality exceeded their perceptions in the five service quality dimensions used in the SERVQUAL questionnaire. This study is also important because it will assist bank managers to convert negative perceptions to positive impressions. Consequently, customers will benefit from the improved, outstanding customer service.
Performance appraisal policy and its impact on employee performance : a case study of Guaranty Trust Bank in Nigeria
Authors:   , Akinbowale Michael Abiodun
Published: July 2022

The research investigation focused on performance appraisal policy and its impact on employee performance in Guaranty Trust Bank in Nigeria. The aim of the study was to ascertain the extent to which the performance appraisal policy at Guaranty Bank contributed to employee performance. Arising out of the performance appraisal reviews, an important finding revealed that the training which employees received resulted in improved job performance. The performance appraisal reviews also showed that when feedback reports were effectively used they consequently improved employee performance. The research design was quantitative in nature and a closed ended structured questionnaire was used to gather the primary data. The survey method was used for all the employees of Guaranty Trust Bank in Nigeria. The questionnaire was administered to all 150 target respondents using the personal method and a high response rate of 100% was obtained. The data gathered were analyzed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) for the statistical tests. The initial analysis involved the use of descriptive statistical tools. The main findings revealed that employee participation in the performance appraisal was generally high and this increased job satisfaction and enhanced employee performance. The results also revealed that manager-subordinate interaction was very cordial and this boosted employee performance. Moreover, the majority of respondents preferred performance appraisal to be used regularly for career pathing in the organization. The study recommends a set of guidelines which could be used in improving the current performance appraisal policy and further boost employee performance. The study concludes with directions for future research.
Teratología de los vicios en la Emblemática hispánica
Authors: González Cea David Mª
Published: July 2022

RESUMEN: La tradición emblemática declara los vicios con símbolos monstruosos. Los emblemas usan con frecuencia motivos teratológicos para expresar las deformaciones producidas por el mal en el organismo social. Es un saber antiguo, mítico y práctico, al servicio de los gobernantes. Mediante esta plástica pedagogía se enseñan las virtudes a través de figuras de nobles animales y los vicios mediante representaciones de monstruos. En nuestro Siglo de Oro, numerosos autores representan los malos hábitos con imágenes de seres irracionales. En este sentido, exponen la caída del orden natural y los graves desórdenes que el pecado original produjo en la creación.
ABSTRACT:
The emblematic tradition shows the vice by monstruous symbols. Emblem books usually use some teratology motifs to show how evil produces several deformations in society. It is an ancient, mythical and practical knowledge which is at the service of rulers. By means of this artistic pedagogy, virtues are taught through noble animals figures and, on the other hand, vices through monsters. In our Spanish Golden century, several authors of emblems represent vices by irrational creatures. In this way, they express the breach of the natural order and serious deformations which were introduced by the original sin into the creation.
Reseña de: Gennaro Schiano, Relatar la catástrofe en el Siglo de Oro. Entre noticia y narración, Berlín, Peter Lang, 2021. ISBN 978-3-631-86528-6 (E-PDF)
Authors: Ettinghausen Henry
Published: July 2022

RESUMEN:
Reseña del estudio pormenorizado de relaciones de sucesos (la mayoría en castellano y en italiano) de catástrofes naturales del siglo XVII: en particular, las inundaciones de Sevilla y de Salamanca de 1626, la erupción del Vesubio de 1630, y el terremoto, con origen en Málaga, de 1680.
ABSTRACT:
Review of the detailed study of ‘relaciones de sucesos’ (printed news pamphlets, mainly in Spanish and Italian) concerning natural disasters in the 17th century: in particular, the floods in Seville and Salamanca in 1626, the eruption of Vesuvius in 1630, and the earthquake, with its origins in Malaga, in 1680.
Forensic Engineering Research and Testing of Building Copper Tube Water Piping System Freeze Failures
Authors: Leane Joseph
Published: July 2022

Forensic engineers investigating water loss incidents, caused by water leaking from damaged copper tube piping systems inside buildings, are tasked with determining if that damage is from the piping being exposed to subfreezing temperatures or some other cause. This paper provides guidance for such investigations and factual basis for such opinions, including presenting the results of experimental testing of water-filled copper tube piping systems exposed to subfreezing conditions. It also discusses piping standards and building codes. When ice forms a solid plug inside a pipe, the portion of the piping downstream of that plug becomes isolated. As the ice plug grows, the pressure in the isolated portion of the piping system increases dramatically from hydraulic pressure until the strength of the “weak link” is exceeded, which causes a rupture that relieves the pressure. Oftentimes, no significant water flows through the rupture at that time because the ice plug prevents water flow through the pipe. However, significant water flow occurs once the plug melts. This paper demonstrates why it is critically important for forensic engineers to understand this sequence of events.
On the Prediction of Chaotic Time Series using Neural Networks
Authors: MARTİNEZ-GARCİA Josue Alexis , GONZALEZ-ZAPATA Astrid Maritza , RECHY-RAMİREZ Ericka Janet , TLELO-CUAUTLE Esteban
Published: July 2022

Prediction techniques have the challenge of guaranteeing large horizons for chaotic time series. For instance, this paper shows that the majority of techniques can predict one step ahead with relatively low root-mean-square error (RMSE) and Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). However, some techniques based on neural networks can predict more steps with similar RMSE and SMAPE values. In this manner, this work provides a summary of prediction techniques, including the type of chaotic time series, predicted steps ahead, and the prediction error. Among those techniques, the echo state network (ESN), long short-term memory, artificial neural network and convolutional neural network are compared with similar conditions to predict up to ten steps ahead of Lorenz-chaotic time series. The comparison among these prediction techniques include RMSE and SMAPE values, training and testing times, and required memory in each case. Finally, considering RMSE and SMAPE, with relatively few neurons in the reservoir, the performance comparison shows that an ESN is a good technique to predict five to fifteen steps ahead using thirty neurons and taking the lowest time for the tracking and testing cases.
Thermo-hydraulic Performance Analysis of Al2O3/water
Nanofluid Flow in a Tube Extended by Twisted Tape
Authors: Gürsoy Emrehan , Çalar Ezgi , Dağdeviren Abdullah , Pazarlıoğlu Hayati Kadir , Gedik Engin , Arslan Kamil
Published: July 2022

In this numerical study, heat transfer characteristics and hydrodynamical
analysis have been performed for a circular tube inserted with twisted tape,
which has different twisted pitch ratios (TPR=0, 50, 100, and 200). As a
working fluid Al2O3/water nanofluid is used which has different volumetric
concentrations (0.0≤φ≤3.0 vol. %). The numerical analysis has been carried out
under the constant wall heat flux (q′′) of 4357 W/m2 for laminar flow ranging
the Reynolds (Re) number from 1000 to 2000. According to numerical results,
the highest average Nusselt number (Nu) and average Darcy friction factor (ff)
have realized in twisted pitch ratio (TPR) 50. The reason is that when the
twisted pitch ratio gradually decreases, stronger secondary flows and a higher
velocity can be obtained. When compared with water, the highest Nu for
TPR=50 has been obtained at φ=3.0 vol. % concentration as 61.15%. Also,
when compared with TPR=0, the highest thermal performance enhancement
(TPE) was realized at φ=3.0 vol. % concentration and Re=2000 conditions as
61.15% for TPR=50.

Keywords:
CFD
Convective heat transfer
Laminar flow
Al2O3/water
Twisted tape
Musicoterapia com mulheres: uma pesquisa a partir da experiência de profissionais e estudantes no Brasil
Authors: Pinho Maria Luiza Silva , Rosário Verônica Magalhães , Pedrosa Frederico Gonçalves
Published: July 2022

Musicoterapia com Mulheres: uma pesquisa a partir da experiência de profissionais e estudantes no Brasil foi realizada através de uma entrevista desenvolvida em um formulário digital e enviada a estudantes e profissionais da Musicoterapia brasileira. O intuito foi investigar o trabalho com o público feminino, e como é a relação musicoterapêutica com temas específicos à luta das mulheres. Os resultados apontam a necessidade de fortalecer a literatura e a atuação da Musicoterapia, através de pesquisas e práticas que atendam à demanda específica das mulheres em relação ao papel que elas ocupam na sociedade.
Aircraft observations of gravity wave activity and turbulence in the tropical tropopause layer: prevalence, influence on cirrus and comparison with global-storm resolving models
Authors: Atlas Rachel , Bretherton Christopher
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The tropical tropopause layer (TTL) is a sea of vertical motions.  Convectively-generated gravity waves create vertical winds on scales of a few to 1000s of kilometers as they propagate in a stable atmosphere.  Turbulence from gravity wave breaking, radiatively-driven convection and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities stirs up the TTL on the kilometer scale.  TTL cirrus, which moderate the water vapor concentration in the TTL and stratosphere, form in the cold phases of large-scale (> 100 km) wave activity.  It has been proposed in several modelling studies that small-scale (< 100 km) vertical motions control the ice crystal number concentration and the dehydration efficiency of TTL cirrus, but this has yet to be confirmed with observations. High-rate vertical winds measured by aircraft are a valuable and underutilized tool for constraining small-scale TTL vertical wind variability, examining its impacts on TTL cirrus, and evaluating atmospheric models.  We use 20 Hz data from five National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) campaigns to quantify small-scale vertical wind variability in the TTL, and to see how it varies with ice water content, distance from deep convective cores, and height in the TTL.   We find that 1 Hz vertical winds are well represented by a normal distribution with a standard deviation of 0.2–0.4 m s-1.  We find that turbulence is enhanced within cirrus with high ice water content (IWC) (g m-3), which also have high ice crystal number concentrations. Consistent with a previous study, we find that turbulence is enhanced over the tropical West Pacific and within 500 km of convection, and is most common in the lower TTL (14–15.5 km) closer to deep convection, and in the upper TTL (15.5–17 km) further from deep convection. An algorithm to classify turbulence, and long wavelength (5 km < λ < 100 km) and short wavelength (λ <  5 km) gravity waves during level flight legs is applied to data from the Airborne Tropical TRopopause Experiment (ATTREX).  The most commonly sampled conditions are a quiescent atmosphere with negligible small-scale vertical wind variability, and long wavelength gravity wave activity with or without turbulence.  Turbulence rarely occurs in the absence of gravity wave activity. High-IWC cirrus are rare in a quiescent atmosphere, but 20 times more likely when there is gravity wave activity and 50 times more likely when there is also turbulence, confirming the results of the aforementioned modeling studies. Spectral analysis of vertical wind observed in level flight legs over the tropical West Pacific TTL is compared with simulations by four global storm-resolving models with horizontal grid spacings of 3–5 km, sampled over the same region.  All four models have too little resolved vertical wind at horizontal wavelengths less than 100 km, but this bias is much less pronounced in global SAM than the other models.
Variability of dimethyl sulphide (DMS), methanethiol and other trace gases in context of microbial communities from the temperate Atlantic to the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Gros Valérie , Bonsang Bernard , Sarda-Estève Roland , Nikolopoulos Anna , Metfies Katja , Wietz Matthias , Peeken Ilka
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Dimethyl sulphide (DMS) plays an important role in the atmosphere by influencing the formation of aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei. In contrast, the role of methanethiol (MeSH) for the budget and flux of reduced sulphur remains poorly understood. In the present study, we quantified DMS and MeSH together with the trace gases carbon monoxide (CO), isoprene, acetone, acetaldehyde and acetonitrile in North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean surface waters, covering a transect from 57.2° N to 80.9° N in high spatial resolution. Whereas isoprene, acetone, acetaldehyde and acetonitrile concentrations decreased northwards, CO, DMS and MeSH retained significant levels at high latitudes, indicating specific sources in polar waters. DMS was the only compound with higher average in polar (31.2 ± 9.3 nM) than in Atlantic waters (13.5 ± 2 nM), presumably due to DMS originating from sea ice. At eight sea-ice stations north of 80° N, in the diatom-dominated marginal ice zone, vertical profiles showed a marked correlation (R2 = 0.93) between DMS and chlorophyll a. Contrary to previous measurements, MeSH and DMS did not co-vary, indicating decoupled processes of production and conversion. The contribution of MeSH to the sulphur budget (represented by DMS+MeSH) was on average 20 % (and up to 50 %) higher than previously observed in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, suggesting MeSH as a significant source of sulphur possibly emitted to the atmosphere. The potential importance of MeSH was underlined by several correlations with bacterial taxa, including typical phytoplankton associates from the Rhodobacteraceae and Flavobacteriaceae families. Furthermore, the correlation of isoprene and chlorophyll a with Alcanivorax indicated a specific relationship with isoprene-producing phytoplankton. Overall, the demonstrated latitudinal and vertical patterns contribute to the understanding of central marine trace gases from chemical, atmospheric and biological perspectives.
Global seamless tidal simulation using a 3D unstructured-grid model
Authors: Zhang Yinglong Joseph , Fernandez-MontBlanc Tomas , Pringle William , Yu Hao-Cheng , Cui Linlin , Moghimi Saeed
Published: July 2022

Abstract. We present a new 3D unstructured-grid global ocean model to study both tidal and non-tidal processes, with a focus on the total water elevation. Unlike existing global ocean models, the new model resolves estuaries and rivers down to ~8m without the need for grid nesting. The model is validated with both satellite and in-situ observations for elevation, temperature, and salinity. Tidal elevation solutions have a mean complex RMSE of 4.2 cm for M2 and 5.4 cm for combined 5 other major frequencies in the deep ocean. The non-tidal residual assessed by a tide gauge dataset (GESLA) has a mean RMSE of 7 cm. For the first time ever, we demonstrate the potential for seamless simulation, on a single mesh, from the global ocean into a few estuaries along the US west coast. The model is able to accurately capture the total elevation, and qualitatively capture the challenging salinity intrusion processes in the Columbia River. The model can therefore potentially serve as the backbone in a global tide-surge and compound flooding forecasting framework.
The CMCC Decadal Prediction System
Authors: Nicolì Dario , Bellucci Alessio , Ruggieri Paolo , Athanasiadis Panos , Materia Stefano , Peano Daniele , Fedele Giusy , Gualdi Silvio
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Decadal climate predictions, obtained by constraining the initial condition of a dynamical model through a truthful estimate of the observed climate state, provide an accurate assessment of climate change in the near-term range and a useful tool to inform decision-makers on future climate-related risks. Here we present results from the CMIP6 DCPP-A decadal hindcasts produced with the operational CMCC decadal prediction system (CMCC DPS), based on the fully-coupled CMCC-CM2-SR5 dynamical model. A 15-member suite of 10-year retrospective forecasts, initialized every year from 1960 to 2020, is performed using a full-field initialization strategy.  The predictive skill for key variables is assessed and compared with the skill of an ensemble of non-initialized historical simulations so as to quantify the added value of initialization. In particular, the CMCC DPS is able to skilfully reproduce past-climate surface temperature fluctuations over large parts of the globe. The North Atlantic Ocean is the region that benefits the most from initialization, with the largest skill enhancement occurring over the subpolar region compared to historical simulations. On the other hand, the predictive skill over the Pacific Ocean rapidly decays with forecast time, especially over the North Pacific. In terms of precipitation, the CMCC DPS skill is significantly higher than that of the historical simulations over a few specific regions, including Sahel, Northern Eurasia and over the Western and Central Europe. The Atlantic Multidecadal Variability is also skilfully predicted, and this likely contributes to the skill found over remote areas through downstream influence, circulation changes and teleconnections. Considering the relatively small ensemble size, a remarkable prediction skill is also found for the North Atlantic Oscillation, with maximum correlations obtained in the 1–9 lead-year range. Model systematic errors also affect the forecast quality of the CMCC DPS, featuring a prominent cold bias over the Northern Hemisphere, which is not found in the historical runs. This lack of agreement suggests that in some areas the adopted full-value initialization strategy likely perturbs the equilibrium state of the model climate quite significantly.
Trends in the tropospheric general circulation from 1979 to 2022
Authors: Simmons Adrian J.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric general circulation changes from March 1979 to
February 2022 are examined using the ERA5 reanalysis. Maps of linear trends
and time series for specific areas are presented. Attention is concentrated
on monthly, seasonal and annual means, but shorter-timescale variability is
also considered, including extremes. Changes in near-tropopause winds are
the main focus, but related changes in temperature, wind and other variables throughout the troposphere are discussed. Middle- and upper-tropospheric warming is larger in the subtropics and outer tropics than in the deep tropics, except over the Pacific. This is linked with a strengthening and meridional expansion of the tropical easterlies that has received little previous attention. The change occurs predominantly
over the first half of the period. Warming over several mid-latitude and
subtropical land areas comes close to matching the large warming of the
Arctic, in some seasons at least. Westerly upper-level winds in general
weaken over the Arctic in winter but strengthen in northern middle
latitudes, contrary to arguments based on circulation changes due solely to
amplified Arctic warming. The jet-stream region over the eastern North
Atlantic and western Europe shifts southward. Westerlies strengthen in a
band stretching south-eastwards from the tropical western Pacific to
southern Australia, as well as in the polar-jet-stream region that surrounds
Antarctica. Extreme jet-stream winds increase over the North Atlantic. Net kinetic
energy also increases, mostly associated with sub-monthly variability along
the mid-latitude storm tracks and over the tropical Pacific. Available
potential energy changes less. Geopotential height shows a distinct pattern
of change in stationary long-wave structures. There are increases in surface pressure over the North Pacific and southern mid-latitudes and decreases over the Arctic Ocean and offshore of Antarctica. Several comparisons are made between ERA5 and the JRA-55 reanalysis and
between ERA5 and the observations it assimilated. They show reassuring
agreement, but some regional differences require further investigation.
تقويم مقررات الرياضيات للمرحلة المتوسطة في ضوء مهارات الرياضيات المجتمعية
Authors:   ماجستير في تقويم المناهج والبرامج التعليمية، قسم المناهج وطرق التدريس، كلية التربية، جامعة أم القرى، المملكة العربية السعودية, الحلافي عبد الله
Published: July 2022

سعت الدراسة إلى التعرف على درجة مراعاة مقررات الرياضيات في المرحلة المتوسطة لمهارات الرياضيات المجتمعية المتعلقة بـكل من: (إعداد الفرد للحياة، إعداد المجتمع للحياة، الربط بين الرياضيات والمواد الأخرى) من وجهة نظر المعلمين والمشرفين، والتعرف على ما إذا كان هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات استجابات أفراد عينة الدراسة حيال درجة مراعاة مقررات الرياضيات في المرحلة المتوسطة لمهارات الرياضيات المجتمعية تعزى لمتغيرات (المسمى الوظيفي، المؤهل، سنوات الخبرة). اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي المسحي، وتمثلت أداة الدراسة في استبانة مؤلفة من (31) عبارة موزعة ثلاثة محاور. طبقت الدراسة على عينة مكونة من (350) من معلمي الرياضيات بالمدارس الحكومية للمرحلة المتوسطة بإدارة تعليم جدة، و(24) مشرفًا تربويًا للرياضيات. وتم استخدام المتوسطات الحسابية والانحرافات المعيارية واختبار مان ويتني (Mann-Whitney Test))، واختبار كروسكال واليس (Kruskal-Wallis) في أساليب التحليل الاحصائي للدراسة. وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة ما يلي: أن درجة مراعاة مقررات الرياضيات في المرحلة المتوسطة لمهارات الرياضيات المجتمعية المتعلقة بإعداد الفرد للحياة من وجهة نظر المعلمين والمشرفين جاءت بدرجة متوسطة، أن درجة مراعاة مقررات الرياضيات في المرحلة المتوسطة لمهارات الرياضيات المجتمعية المتعلقة بإعداد المجتمع للحياة من وجهة نظر المعلمين والمشرفين جاءت بدرجة منخفضة. أوصت الدراسة بعدد من التوصيات، منها زيادة اهتمام القائمين على تطوير مناهج الرياضيات بتصميم أنشطة وتدريبات تستهدف تعزيز قدرة الطلاب على فهم القضايا الاجتماعية، وتفعيل دور مشرفي الرياضيات في توجيه المعلمين إلى تصميم أنشطة لاصفية تدعم مهارات التواصل مع الآخرين داخل البيئة المدرسية لإيجاد حلول للمشكلات الحياتية.
المقاصَّة (شرح المعيار الشرعي رقم '4' من المعايير الشرعية لهيئة المحاسبة والمراجعة للمؤسسات المالية الإسلامية أيوفي)
Authors:   خطيب وواعظ، وزارة العدل والشئون الإسلامي، مملكة البحرين، طالب ماجستير دراسات إسلامية، جامعة كفر الشيخ، جمهورية مصر العربية, هلال عبد الله
Published: July 2022

تتناول الدراسة موضوع "المقاصَّة"، من خلال شرح المعيار الشرعي رقم (4)، الصادر عن هيئة المحاسبة والمراجعة للمؤسسات المالية (أيوفي). حيث إنَّ هذه المعايير تعد من أهم ما أنتجه الاجتهاد المعاصر في فقه المعاملات المالية، وقد بلغت إزاء الستين (60) معيارًا، وحاز هذا العمل قبولًا واسعًا، ورتبة متقدِّمة في موضوعه، وبات في الواقع يُمثل مرجعيةً أوَّليَّة لعمليات التمويل الإسلامي ومجال الرقابة الشرعية، حتى سعت كثير من الدول الإسلامية إلى الاعتماد الرسمي لهذه المعايير، وإلزام المؤسسات المالية الإسلامية بالعمل بها، حيث بات أكثر من عشرين دولة إسلامية تتبع المعايير الشرعية (أيوفي) بشكل كامل أو جزئي كدليل إرشادي (انظر: هيئة المحاسبة والمراجعة للمؤسسات المالية، 2022، اعتماد معايير الهيئة (أيوفي) (www.aaoifi.com وعلى الرغم من ذلك لم يوجد حتى الآن عملًا يتصدى لشرح نصوص هذا الإنتاج العلمي الضخم. ومن أجل ذلك قامت هذه الدراسة على شرح نص المعيار الرابع من المعايير الشرعية الخاص بموضوع "المقاصَّة"، شرحًا يبسط معانيه، ويبيِّن حيثيات النظر والترجيح في الوقائع والمسائل التي تناولها في ضوء الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون والجوانب الفنية المصرفية. حيث تعتمد المؤسسات المصرفية بالإضافة للشركات والأفراد على نظام "المقاصة" كاستراتيجية لتطارح الديون الثابتة في الذمة وإضفاء الالتزامات فيما بينهم. ولقد اتبع الباحث في هذه الدراسة المنهج التحليلي. وذلك من خلال التطرق للأحكام الشرعية التي نص عليها المعيار رقم (4) من المعايير الشرعية، من خلال بيان حيثيات النظر، والأدلة الشرعية التي تم الاستناد إليها، بالإضافة للإشارة (في الهامش) إلى نصوص المعتمدات في الفقه الإسلامي التي عالجت المبادئ الموضوعة للدراسة، وما يقابلها في التقنينات المدنية العربية، قصدًا لتوسيع الأفق، وبسط حبل النظر من أجل التحريض على استئناف المراجعات الفقهية لاختيار الرأي الأحكم في الامتثال لنصوص الشارع ومقاصده، والأنجع في معالجة الواقع وتحقيق المصالح التي أتى من أجلها الشرع.
قياس مستوى جودة الخدمة التعليمية في الجامعات الحكومية المصرية وأثرها على رضا الطلاب (دراسة تطبيقية على طلاب كلية الطب بجامعة الإسكندرية في مصر)
Authors:   دكتوراه في إدارة الأعمال، كلية إدارة الأعمال، جامعة لينكولن، ماليزيا, علي محمد صلاح الدين , شمسي محمد ,   دكتوراه في إدارة الأعمال، جامعة بورغوني، ديجون، فرنسا
Published: July 2022

الهدف من الدراسة هو قياس جودة الخدمة التعليمية وأثرها على رضا الطلاب في كلية الطب بجامعة الإسكندرية - كمثال لواحدة من أفضل الكليات في الجامعات الحكومية المصرية - من خلال توفير إطار نظري يوضح المفاهيم المتعلقة بالجودة ورضا الطالب، وتوفير إطار عملي من خلال اختبار مجموعة من الفرضيات على عينة يتم اختيارها من مجتمع الدراسة لتحقيق ذلك، وقد بلغ حجم العينة 359 طالباً وطالبة وتم إعداد استبيان كأداة للبحث والتوزيع والتحليل لاستخراج النتائج منه. أظهرت النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من خلال تطبيق أداة الدراسة على أفراد العينة - أن مستوى الخدمات التعليمية في مجتمع الدراسة ومستوى رضا الطلاب كانا متوسطين، وأظهرت النتائج علاقة مباشرة بين مستوى الخدمات التعليمية المقدمة من جهة، ودرجة رضا الطلاب عنها من جهة أخرى. وأظهرت نفس النتائج أن عينة الدراسة تتلقى خدمات تعليمية دون مستوى توقعاتها، وبالتالي هناك أثر ذو دلالة إحصائية لأبعاد جودة الخدمة المتمثلة في الملموسية والاعتمادية والاستجابة والأمان والتعاطف على مستوى رضا الطلاب، كما أظهرت الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية على أثر أبعاد جودة الخدمة التعليمية المقدمة تُعزى إلى الخصائص الشخصية لعينة الدراسة: الجنس، المستوى الأكاديمي، الجنسية عن مستوى دلالة (a= 0.05)
المسرحية الشعرية في الأدب العربي
Authors:   دكتوراه الفلسفة في الآداب، قسم اللغة العربية وآدابها، جامعة الاسكندرية، جمهورية مصر العربية, العنزي عنود
Published: July 2022

المسرحية الشعرية فن من فنون الادب الواسعة التأثير، وهي تحتوي على جميع العناصر الفنية التي يجب توافرها في الرواية النثرية من: عرض، وعقدة؛ وحل، ولكن الحوار وهو الكلام الذي يقع من اشخاص الرواية على خشبة المسرح والذي يعتبر مادة الرواية التي عن طريقها تعرض حوادث القصة ويعالج الموضوع، يختلف في الاثنين فبينما يكون في الأولى شعراً يكون في الثانية نثراً. والمسرحية الشعرية منتشرة في الآداب الغربية انتشاراً واسعاً ولها اهمية خاصة في توجيه ونقد المجتمع وهي عريقة في القدم لان تلك الآداب ورثت هذا النوع من الفن من أشعار الأقدمين من اليونان أولاً ومن الرومان ثانياً، ولقد كان لهذا الفن أصل قائم بذاته في الألعاب التمثيلية الاولى عند اليونان فغناء الاله باخوس -إله الخمر- لم يكن الا مقاطع من الشعر وكانت هذه المقاطع هي التراتيل الاساسية التي يعتمد عليها الكورس، وهو الغناء الذي يغني بصورة جماعية. أما في الادب العربي فإن المسرحية الشعرية من مولدات العصر الحديث دخلت إليه بعد مصر.
Characteristics and usefulness of transabdominal ultrasonography in immune-mediated colitis
Authors: Sakurai Kensuke , Katsurada Takehiko , Nishida Mutsumi , Omotehara Satomi , Fukushima Shinya , Otagiri Shinsuke , Nagashima Kazunori , Onishi Reizo , Takagi Ryo , Komatsu Yoshito , Sakamoto Naoya
Published: July 2022

Background/Aims: The usefulness of ultrasonography (US) in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract has been reported recently. This prospective study aimed to determine the features of US findings in immune-mediated colitis (IMC), an adverse event induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor, and examine the correlation between US findings, colonoscopy (CS) findings, and severity of colitis.Methods: We studied patients examined using CS and US upon suspicion of IMC in Hokkaido University Hospital between April 2018 and February 2021. Endoscopic findings of IMC were assessed using the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS). The severity of US findings in IMC was evaluated using US grade, which is the ultrasonographic grading scale in ulcerative colitis. Bowel wall thickness and the intensity of the color Doppler signal were also analyzed. Severity of colitis was evaluated using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade version 5.Results: Fourteen patients with IMC were enrolled. The US findings were bowel wall thickening, loss of stratification, ulceration and increased blood flow signal. The US grade was moderately correlated with the UCEIS (r=0.687, p=0.009) and CTCAE grade (r=0.628, p=0.035). Bowel wall thickness and UCEIS (r=0.628, p=0.020), as well as color Doppler signal grade and CTCAE grade (r=0.724, p=0.008), were significantly correlated.Conclusions: US findings in IMC were mainly similar to those of ulcerative colitis, but there were some findings that were characteristic only of IMC. Significant correlation was found between US findings, CS findings, and severity of colitis. Hence, US could be useful for the evaluation of IMC.
Մթնոլորտային օդի որակի պահպանությանն ուղղված տնտեսական կառուցակարգը ՀՀ-ում/Economic Mechanism of Atmospheric Air Protection in
the Republic of Armenia
Authors: GASPARYAN GARRI
Published: July 2022

Recently, humanity has begun to
realize that economic development is closely linked to the
effectiveness of environmental protection. It is noteworthy that the
solution of environmental problems does not hinder, but, on the
contrary, contributes to the development of the economy, creating
opportunities for sustainable development. World experience in
the field of environmental protection shows that an effective
approach to environmental protection, including atmospheric air,
is the use of an economic mechanism. Therefore, the paper
studies the economic mechanism used in the Republic of Armenia
in the field of environmental protection, in particular, atmospheric
air. That mechanism is analyzed according to the types of emission
sources, the atmospheric air emission trends and the main factors
conditioning them are observed, the domestic experience of
economic stimulation of atmospheric air protection is presented,
as a result of all this, the relevant conclusions are drawn.
ՀՀ-ում գործող կազմակերպությունների կառավարչական հաշվառման կատարելագործումը ինքնակարգավորման և ստանդարտացման միջոցով/Improvement of managerial accounting through selfregulation and standardization
Authors: HAKOBYAN ARPINE
Published: July 2022

The paper researches
managerial accounting development issues in the Republic of
Armenia, analyzes the international experience of managerial
accounting regulatory, pointes out two directions of improvement
of managerial accounting through the creation of a self-regulatory
institution and development of professional standards. According
to the author, in the future, they can become factors in the
development of managerial accounting, improve both the quality
of managerial decisions, and the competitiveness of organizations.
Managerial accounting will go beyond the organization and will
accumulate information on the capabilities of the external
environment. The establishment of the Institute of Professional
Regulation of Managerial Accounting and Standardization will
contribute to the rapid dissemination of new opinions and
experience, to the formation of unanimity of its participants on a
number of issues.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemilihan Program Studi Diploma III Manajemen Tata Hidangan di Politeknik Pariwisata Bali
Authors: Juniari Ni Kadek Eni , Arcana I Nyoman , Pranadewi Putu Mira Astuti , Saputra I Nyoman Gede Agus Jaya
Published: July 2022

Vocational education in tourism during the pandemic is still the choice of people today in Indonesia, including the Food and Beverage Service Management Study Program (MTH Study Program) at the Bali Tourism Polytechnic (Poltekpar Bali). The MTH Study Program has a vision and mission to create professional and highly competitive human resources in the food and beverage service sector. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the selection of the D3 MTH study program and to analyze the strategic policy of the sustainability of the D3 MTH study program at Poltekpar Bali. This study used a quantitative descriptive analysis technique with purposive sampling as a sampling technique. The confirmed factors consist of 6 factors, namely quality, career, economy, family environment, community environment, and campus attractiveness with 20 indicators. This research was conducted for 3 months, from September to November 2020 with a total of 427 people as online respondents. The results showed that of these 6 factors, the majority of respondents stated that the career factor was the highest consideration in choosing the MTH Poltekpar Bali study program and the lowest was the family environment factor. Meanwhile, there are 7 strategic policies that can be carried out by the management of the Bali Poltekpar to improve community election decisions, especially high school and vocational high school graduates to choose the MTH Study Program at Poltekpar Bali as the first choice of college. The results of this study can be used as the basis for determining policies in the management and development strategy of the MTH Study Program at Poltekpar Bali.