bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction of Stance through the Use of Retrospective Labels by American and Turkish Academic Writers
Authors: Kafes Huseyin
Published: October 2017

In parallel with the recognition of the importance of writer presence in academic texts, there has been an increasing interest in writer stance. Yet, very little of this research has been devoted to the construction of stance through retrospective labels. Driven by this need, this study aims to investigate the construction of stance through retrospective labels by American and novice Turkish writers in their texts. Using a corpus-based methodology comprising of quantitative and qualitative procedures, this study analyzes the frequency counts of stance through retrospective labels and the functions associated with them. The results of this corpus-based research have revealed similarities as well as some marked differences between the two corpora. It seems that in addition to proficiency in English, educational background of novice Turkish academic writers have an impact on their construction of stance through retrospective labels. I suggest that the strategic employment of retrospective labels to create stance is a valuable rhetorical strategy for academic writers to construct convincing arguments.
The Impact of Customer Relationship Management on Long-term Customers’ Loyalty in the Palestinian Banking Industry
Authors: Iriqat Raed A. M. , Daqar Mohannad A. M. Abu
Published: October 2017

This paper aims to investigate the impact of customer relationship management on Long-term Customers’ Loyalty in the Palestinian banking industry. The data was collected through distributing questionnaires on the Palestinian banking employees. Using multiple regression analysis tests, this paper finds these results; there is a positive and strong linear relationship between dependent variable “long-term customers’ loyalty” and CRM, the CRM dimensions are service quality, customer’s database, solving customer’s problems, employees behavior, and CRM system integration. At the end, the two predictors (employee’s behavior and CRM system integration) explained 48.2% of the variance in the long-term customers’ loyalty. The scholars’ found that banks have to investigate why there is a difference in the service quality level between male and female employees where male employees more effective than females. Furthermore, banks need to update their customers’ database in order to be alerted to changes in their customers’ requirements and needs to retain their loyal relationships with customers.
The Metadiscourse Markers in Good Undergraduate Writers’ Essays Corpus
Authors: Mohamed Amaal Fadhlini Binti , Rashid Radzuwan Bin Ab
Published: October 2017

Good student writers are often seen as a benchmark to the weaker writers. In the area of metadiscourse in students’ writing, previous studies show that good undergraduate writers use more metadiscourse markers as compared to the weaker writers. However, there are limited previous studies which observe the use of metadiscourse among Malaysian ESL undergraduate writers whose Bahasa Malaysia is their first language. Therefore, further studies involving undergraduate writers from this particular setting is significant to add more literature to the field of metadiscourse among ESL undergraduates. This paper aims to present the metadiscourse markers found in a corpus of good undergraduate writers’ essays (GUWE corpus). These metadiscourse markers are classified in the main categories and sub-categories based on Hyland’s (2005) interpersonal model of metadiscourse. Using a concordance software, this study aims to reveal the frequency of the metadiscourse markers use in good essays produced by 269 Malaysian undergraduate writers. The findings presented in this paper are hoped to be useful for other researchers who are interested in the same field of metadiscourse among ESL student writers especially among Malaysian undegraduates.
Experimental and Finite Element Studies on Man-Rifle Reaction Force
Authors: SUCHOCKI Cyprian , EWERTOWSKI Janusz
Published: October 2017

The study concerns a man-weapon interaction during a gunshot. The recoil force measurements obtained for the Kalashnikov automatic rifle are presented and analyzed. The influence of shooter’s mass, height and position is described. The breech pressure and projectile velocity data are presented as well. In addition, a finite element (FE) model of the shooter-rifle system is developed in order to qualitatively assess the quantities which could not be determined experimentally, i.e. the stress, strain and displacement fields which are generated in the human body due to the rifle recoil. Several conclusions are drawn that allow for better understanding of the recoil phenomenon and can be useful from the weapon designer’s point of view.
Development and Evaluation of Small Shaped Charge Jet Threats
Authors: DANIELS Arthur , DEFISHER Stan , STUNZENAS Greg , AL-SHEHAB Nausheen , BAKER Ernest L.
Published: October 2017

Because of their prolific nature on the battlefield, rocket propelled and gun-launched grenades are of particular concern to the soldier, particularly because of the severe reaction that occurs when a munition is hit by the shaped charge jet. As a result of the danger that such a detonation poses, it is necessary to more precisely understand the behaviour of munitions subjected to these types of devices. In response to these threats, standardized 81 mm and 40 mm shaped charge warheads were developed for use during threat assessment testing to act as a consistent, lower-cost representative of shaped charge projectiles commonly encountered on the battlefield, and to help quantify the interaction of these jest with explosive charges. The international standards for shaped charge jet threat testing uses the Held initiation criteria V2D, where V is the jet velocity and D is the diameter. V2D was computationally predicted using the high-rate continuum models CALE and ALE-3D. The surrogate warheads were test fired through aluminium target plates to strip off jet mass to adjust the V2D to the threat munition.
Investigating a Process of Accelerating Macroscopic Objects in an Eddy-Current Inductance Coil Magnetic Field
Authors: HORODEŃSKI Andrzej , POCHRYBNIAK Cezary , NAMYŚLAK Kamil
Published: October 2017

The subject of this paper is an analysis of the process of applying kinetic energy to a projectile made of non-magnetic electrically conductive material and located inside an induction coil live with alternating current. An experimental verification was carried out of the analytical conclusions that were pertinent to the design and technology of an inductance coil gun, which is a ranged weapon type.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE FUNCTIONALITY AND THE SCHEMES OF THE ACOUSTIC EMISSION SOURCES LOCALIZATION
Authors: Marasanov Volodymyr , Sharko Artem
Published: October 2017

The classification the functionality and the schemes of the acoustic emission sources localization is presented in the paper. Mathematical support of the coordinate searching of defects and means of their detection are stated.
A METHOD OF COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CONTROL SYSTEMS BY THE SET OF PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Authors: Drevetskyi Volodymyr , Kovela Ivan , Kutia Vitalii
Published: October 2017

It was proposed a method of comparative estimation of process control loops based on a complex of direct and indirect performance measurers taking into account stability margins. It was presented a comparison algorithm for complex performance parameter considering the influence of stability margins of a control loop on its properties. Features of the method of comparative estimation of process control systems performance have been considered as an example for the closed loop feedback control system with PI controller (4 variations) and the second order plus transport delay plant.
NUMERICAL ASPECTS OF THE SECONDARY MAGNETIC FIELD MAPPING IN MAGNETIC INDUCTION TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Szuflitowska Beata , Ziolkowski Marcin , Stawicki Krzysztof
Published: October 2017

Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT) belongs to the noncontact electromagnetic imaging techniques. This paper focuses on determination of a secondary magnetic field map calculated with the help of the Biot-Savart law around the low-conductivity object. The inclusions of various shapes and different electrical conductivities values and two measurement planes are considered. In each case the objects’ single maximal cell volume with assumed uniform eddy current density has been determined. In order to keep the relative error below 1% the object should be divided in most cases into elements with maximal cell volume equal to 0.244 mm3 for yz − plane, and 0.03 mm3 for xy − plane.
NUMERICAL COMPUTATIONS OF THE FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVE
IN IVPS, EXAMPLES IN MATLAB AND MATHEMATICA
Authors: Sowa Marcin
Published: October 2017

The paper concerns a numerical method that deals with the computations of the fractional derivative in Caputo and Riemann-Liouville definitions. The method can be applied in time stepping processes of initial value problems. The name of the method is SubIval, which is an acronym of its previous name – the subinterval-based method. Its application in solving systems of fractional order state equations is presented. The method has been
implemented into an ActiveX DLL. Exemplary MATLAB and Mathematica codes are given, which provide guidance on how the DLL can be used.
OPTIMISATION ANALYSIS OF TRANSACT-SQL QUERIES BASED ON INDEXES
Authors: Hodun Dominika , Skublewska-Paszkowska Maria
Published: October 2017

The article presents a discussion of the optimisation methods involving the modification of query syntax on the example of the use of indexes that served for the application of the methods in practice, and the presentation and analysis of the test results and their comparison. All the queries were made in a Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio 2014 environment, using the AdventureWorksDW2012 test database provided by Microsoft. The object of the research were SELECT queries, which consequently returned the desired set of output data.
APLIKACJA MOBILNA WSPOMAGAJĄCA BADANIA ULTRASONOGRAFICZNE DOPPLERA
Authors: Michalski Michał , Bąkała Marcin , Wojciechowski Rafał
Published: October 2017

Ultrasonografia Dopplerowska jest jednym z najlepszych sposobów diagnozy zmian miażdżycowych oraz szczegółowej kontroli patologii zmian ścian naczyń krwionośnych. Wykonanie badania wymaga szeregu czynności wykonywanych współbieżnie, m.in. analizy obrazów USG oraz ręcznego sporządzania notatek na potrzeby podsumowania badania. Analiza problemu wykazała, że przebieg badań ultrasonograficznych może zostać częściowo zautomatyzowany przez dedykowane oprogramowanie, co przedstawia niniejszy artykuł.
WPŁYW DOBORU CZYNNIKA CHŁODNICZEGO NA MOŻLIWOŚCI MAGAZYNOWANIA CHŁODU W ZASOBNIKU ENERGII TERMICZNEJ AUTOBUSU MIEJSKIEGO
Authors: Aftyka Michał
Published: October 2017

Energochłonność klimatyzacji pokładowej w elektrycznym autobusie miejskim w znacznym stopniu ogranicza zasięg pojazdu oraz pogarsza trakcyjne charakterystyki dynamiczne. Zastosowanie zasobnika energii termicznej na potrzeby utrzymania komfortu cieplnego w przestrzeni pasażerskiej stanowi atrakcyjną alternatywę dla układów klimatyzacji zasilanych z ogniw chemicznych. Aby efektywnie ładować zasobnik energii termicznej należy zastosować układ chłodniczy z wykorzystaniem odpowiedniego czynnika chłodniczego. Dobór czynnika chłodniczego wpływa bezpośrednio na ekonomiczność, niezawodność i bezpieczeństwo użytkowania układu klimatyzacji. W artykule został przedstawiony proces wielokryterialnego doboru czynnika chłodniczego ze szczególną uwagą na obowiązujące unormowania prawne. Dla czynnika, który wykazuje największą perspektywę zastosowania został przeprowadzony szereg symulacji, w oparciu o komercyjne środowisko programowe. Niniejsze opracowanie zostało dopełnia przegląd wybranych ziębników.
Impact of a Pharmacist-Led Chemotherapy Education Program on the Knowledge of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Nurses
Authors: Fisher Christine M. , Kim Abby J. , Elder Joshua J.
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVES

Medication errors involving chemotherapy are a serious source of avoidable medical harm that can result in chemotherapy-related adverse drug events. Efforts to reduce errors in the past decade have largely focused on chemotherapy errors at the prescriber level, using computerized or automated technology, but little has been done to ensure chemotherapy is administered accurately at the nursing level. The current study implemented a pharmacist-led, supplemental, institution-specific training program to nursing staff regarding the use of chemotherapy and to address knowledge deficits in newly hired nursing personnel.

METHODS

Inpatient pediatric oncology nurses were eligible to participate in a 3-session educational program regarding chemotherapy principles, adverse event management, and supportive care. Pre- and posttests were administered during the sessions to assess baseline and acquired knowledge. An attitudes survey was given to nurses prior to their first session and after the last session to assess the nurse's comfort with administration and management of chemotherapy.

RESULTS

Posttest scores following program implementation show a significant increase in baseline knowledge. Scores increased by 14.1% (p < 0.001) overall; they increased 6% (p = 0.266), 22% (p = <0.001), and 16.5% (p = <0.001) after sessions 1, 2, and 3, respectively. All respondents requested additional classes for orientation or continuing education.

CONCLUSIONS

A pharmacist-led, educational program significantly improves knowledge of chemotherapy administration and monitoring in pediatric oncology nurses and was well received by participants as an additional training opportunity.
Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Single-Dose Intravenous Acetaminophen for Pain Associated With Adenotonsillectomy in Pediatric Patients With Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Authors: Thung Arlyne K. , Elmaraghy Charles A. , Barry N'Diris , Tumin Dmitry , Jatana Kris R. , Rice Julie , Raman Vidya , Bhalla Tarun , Martin David P. , Corridore Marco , Tobias Joseph D.
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVES

Adequate pain control is an important component in the postoperative outcome for pediatric adenotonsillectomy patients with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Intravenous acetaminophen appears to be a favorable analgesic adjunct owing to its predictable pharmacokinetics and opioid-sparing effects; however, its role in pediatric adenotonsillectomy pain management remains unclear.

METHODS

In this prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled study, subjects with the diagnosis of SDB, aged 2 to 8 years, who required extended postoperative admission, received intravenous acetaminophen (15 mg/kg) or saline placebo intraoperatively in addition to morphine (0.1 mg/kg) for postoperative surgical analgesia. Pain scores in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) using the FLACC (Faces, Leg, Activity, Cry, Consolability) score were used to determine the need for supplemental analgesic agents in the PACU. The PACU time and time to the first request for pain medication on the inpatient ward were also measured.

RESULTS

A total of 239 patients were included in the final data analysis (118 in the intravenous acetaminophen group and 121 in the saline placebo group). The 2 groups did not differ in the proportion of patients reaching FLACC scores = 4 in the PACU (p = 0.223); mean FLACC scores in the PACU (p = 0.336); mean PACU time (p = 0.883); or time to requesting pain medication on the inpatient ward (p = 0.640).

CONCLUSIONS

A single intraoperative dose of intravenous acetaminophen did not alter the postoperative course of pediatric patients with SDB following adenotonsillectomy.
Evaluation of the Effects of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation on Antiepileptic Drug Serum Concentrations in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Dillman Nicholas O. , Messinger Mindl M. , Dinh Kimberly N. , Placencia Jennifer L. , Moffett Brady S. , Guaman Milenka Cuevas , Erklauer Jennifer C. , Kaiser Jeffrey R. , Wilfong Angus A.
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVES

Patients supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) have an increased incidence of seizures. Phenobarbital (PB) and fosphenytoin (fos-PHT) are common antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) used to manage seizures in the pediatric population; however, it is unknown what effect ECMO has on the serum concentrations of AEDs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of ECMO on AED serum concentrations.

METHODS

A retrospective, matched-cohort study was performed in patients younger than 18 years who received ECMO and were treated with intravenous (IV) PB or fos-PHT at Texas Children's Hospital between 2004 and 2014. Patients receiving IV AED therapy and ECMO were matched, based on age, sex, and weight, with patients receiving IV AED therapy without ECMO. The 24-hour cumulative AED dose, serum concentrations, number of doses per serum concentration drawn ratio, volume of distribution, therapeutic serum concentrations, and time to therapeutic serum concentration were compared between both groups. The fos-PHT and PB groups were analyzed in all patients and in neonates only.

RESULTS

Fourteen patients met inclusion criteria. The fos-PHT neonatal (20.1 vs 11.3 mg/kg/day, p = 0.044), PB composite (33.9 vs 21.6 mg/kg/day, p = 0.012), and PB neonatal (40.3 vs 20 mg/kg/day, p = 0.04) had larger 24-hour cumulative doses compared with non-ECMO patients. Lower serum concentrations were observed in the PB composite ECMO group (19.1 vs 35.4 mg/L, p < 0.001) and the PB neonatal ECMO group (20.5 vs 27.8 mg/L, p = 0.01) compared with non-ECMO patients.

CONCLUSION

Pediatric patients receiving PB on ECMO and neonatal patients receiving fos-PHT on ECMO required larger doses, and in pediatric patients achieved lower serum concentrations, suggesting the necessity for alternative dosing strategies in these populations.
A Retrospective Study on Infusion-Related Reactions to Rituximab in a Heterogeneous Pediatric Population
Authors: Legeay Clément , Bittencourt Henrique , Haddad Elie , Spiesser-Robelet Laurence , Thépot-Seegers Valérie , Therrien Roxane
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVES

To assess risks and outcomes of infusion-related reactions to rituximab in a heterogeneous pediatric population.

METHODS

All patients who received rituximab between July 2010 and July 2012 were retrieved from the pharmacy software and included for analysis. Data were collected according to 4 categories: demographic data, infusion data, infusion-related reactions, and biological data considered as risk factors (i.e., absolute lymphocyte count, lactate dehydrogenase levels).

RESULTS

Sixty-seven patients treated for a total of 17 different indications were included. A total of 282 rituximab infusions were administered. Forty-three, mostly grade 1 or 2, infusion-related reactions occurred in 30 patients. Reactions occurred in 39.2% “first-dose” infusions, but this rate dropped drastically to 2.7% in subsequent doses. In multivariate analysis, high absolute lymphocyte count was the only risk factor for infusion-related reaction (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06; p = 0.014).

CONCLUSIONS

Rituximab infusion-related reactions in a heterogeneous pediatric population were frequent on first infusion, but rare in subsequent ones. Overall, these reactions were mild and manageable through pharmacological treatment. Patients with an elevated absolute lymphocyte count before infusion were at greater risk for an infusion-related reaction.
Warfarin-Rifampin Drug Interaction in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Poon Michael , Moffett Brady S. , Yee Donald L.
Published: October 2017

Rifampin has been documented to significantly attenuate the effect of warfarin in adult patients. No data have been presented on the use of rifampin and warfarin in a pediatric patient. We report an extreme case of increased warfarin metabolism in a pediatric patient who was concomitantly receiving rifampin, despite receiving other medications that significantly decrease warfarin metabolism. The inhibitory effect of rifampin on warfarin therapy may be amplified in pediatric patients.
What Do Professional Translators Do when Post-Editing for the First Time? First Insight into the Spanish-Basque Language Pair
Authors: Aranberri Nora
Published: October 2017

Machine translation post-editing is becoming commonplace and professional translators are often faced with this unknown task with little training and support. Given the different translation processes involved during post-editing, research suggests that untrained translators do not necessarily make good post-editors. Besides, the post-editing activity will be largely influenced by numerous aspects related to the technology and texts used. Training material, therefore, will need to be tailored to the particular conditions under which post-editing is bound to happen. In this work, we provide a first attempt to uncover what activity professional translators carry out when working from Spanish into Basque. Our initial analysis reveals that when working with moderate machine translation output post-editing shifts from the task of identifying and fixing errors, to that of “patchwork” where post-editors identify the machine translated elements to reuse and connect them using their own contributions. Data also reveal that they primarily focus on correcting machine translation errors but often fail to restrain themselves from editing correct structures. Both findings have clear implications for training and are a step forward in tailoring sessions specifically for language combinations of moderate quality.
Јездрин допринос рађању јудаизма
Authors: Ковач Никола
Published: October 2017

Јездра представља значајну личност у поствавилонској епохи. Његов рад је кључан за стварање јудаизма – нарочитог облика побожности након вавилонског ропства. Будући да је био свештеник и писар (учитељ Закона), његов основни разлог доласка у Јеруслим јесте проглас Закона. Такође, Јездра спроводи низ активности које су неопходне како би се јеврејски народ одвојио од утицаја околних многобожачких народа: раскидање мјешовитих бракова и јавно покајање народа. Тиме јеврејска заједница добија снажне темеље за даљи живот под влашћу многих свјетских империја.
OSNOVNA POLAZIŠTA U RAZVOJU NACIONALNOG OKVIRA KVALIFIKACIJA
Authors: Ristić Bojan , Lazić Đorđe , Jovanović Verica
Published: October 2017

U ovom radu se razmatraju osnovni rezultati u oblasti uređivanja kvalifikacija na međunarodnom planu i u Srbiji. Shodno tome, u radu se ukazuje na razloge koji su uzrokovali potrebu međusobno usklađenog regulisanja sistema kvalifikacija na nacionalnom nivou, a u koje naročito spadaju: krupne  implikacije naučno-tehnološkog progresa na rad i život svakog pojedinca, zatim potreba za permanentnim obrazovanjem svih ljudi u svetu, kao i opšte prihvaćena sloboda međunarodnog kretanja, roba i kapitala. S tim u vezi, u radu se ukazuje na evropska dostignuća u oblasti uređivanja nacionalnih okvira kvalifikacija. U tom kontekstu se ističe da se u Srbiji osetno kasni sa regulisanjem te oblasti i da njoj urgentno treba dati prioritet.
JAVNO-PRIVATNO PARTNERSTVO I KONCESIJE, KAO POSEBNI OBLICI STRANIH ULAGANJA U SRBIJI
Authors: Stanković Bratislav , Vignjević Đorđević Nada
Published: October 2017

Prema Zakonu o javno-privatnom partnerstvu i koncesijama javno-privatno partnerstvo može biti institucionalno u kome se odnos zasniva na osnivačkom ulogu, vlasničkom ulogu, odnosno dokapitalizaciji privrednog društva ili ugovorno kada se međusobni odnos javnog i privatnog partnera uređuje ugovorom. Koncesija predstavlja, poseban oblik ugovornog javno-privatnog partnerstva. Javno-privatno partnerstvo, za razliku od koncesija, predstavlja novinu u srpskoj normativnoj i privrednoj praksi, sa porastom tražnje za privatnim izvorima finansiranja izgradnje nove javne infrastrukture i ulaganja u dobra u opštoj upotrebi, kao i za obezbeđivanjem kvalitetnih usluga od opšteg interesa u uslovima nedovoljnih budžetskih sredstava.
IMPACT OF VAT ON GROWTH AND PROFITABILITY OF THE FAST GROWING COMPANIES
Authors: Teodorović Milivoj
Published: October 2017

The subject of this article is to show that value added tax (VAT) has significant downside impact on growth and profitability. In particular, the VAT affects young, fast growing companies that are in high demand for cash to fuel their growth and expansion. In this study, we are going to show that VAT is responsible for 1) increase of the cost of doing business, 2) less income as a result of the opportunity loss and 3) increase in the risk of doing business. Increase in cost comes from the need to borrow money to pay the outstanding VAT. The fast growing companies experience significant growth of their VAT gap resulting in a need to borrow money to pay for it. Also, the cost of administrating VAT is factored back in the VAT causing higher value of the final VAT with cascading effect on the operating cost. Opportunity loss comes from the fact that companies have to direct the funds towards VAT instead to invest into the growth and profitability. Increase in risk comes from the additional financial burden from borrowing money and using that money to pay the VAT gap. The action lowers the total amount of funds that company is eligible to borrow based on its financial position. Therefore, a company’s capability to meat is financial obligations is reduced since there is less money for covering operating expenses and growth in assets not to say servicing its payables.
FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT OF WORKERS AS A CONDITION FOR IMPLEMENTING THE EUROPE 2020 STRATEGY FOR EMPLOYMENT AND GROWTH
Authors: Chavkoska Biljana
Published: October 2017

Summary: This article aims to analyze the freedom of movement of workers regarding the new strategies for EU growth and employment. The freedom of movement of people especially workers is one of the four freedoms of the EU Internal Market. The migrant workers who move from one into another state enjoy certain rights stipulated by the EU Law (acquis communautaire). Migrant workers are important for fulfilling the employment gap in the Member States and creating new jobs. Europe 2020 is the European Union growth strategy for the coming decade. Concretely, the Union has set five ambitious objective -  employment, innovation, education, social inclusion and climate/energy - to be reached by 2020. Each Member State has adopted its own national targets in each of these areas. Concrete actions at EU and national levels underpin the strategy. The goals of the Europe 2020 would not be fulfill if the freedom of movement of workers is not realized. An agenda for new skills and jobs has the objective of creating the right conditions to modernize labor markets and to allow people to acquire new skills in order to raise employment levels and to ensure the sustainability of our social models. Further, the author analyzes the eliminations of impediments for freedom of movement of workers regarding the goals set in the new strategy.
THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICE SECTOR AND IT’S IMPACT ON THE BANKING INDUSTRY. THE CASE OF MACEDONIA
Authors: Delova-Jolevska Evica , Andovski Ilija
Published: October 2017

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to elaborate the importance of service sector and how its  future development  will affect the banking industry in the Republic of Macedonia. We live in a service society, where services sector represents more than two-thirds of economic activity and four-fifths of growth in recent years in OECD countries. This trend is evident in Macedonia also, where the service sector represents around 60% from the economic activity. Stil, because of the positive correlation with the economic development, further development will result with growth of the service sector. Further liberalization, removing product market barriers still limiting competition in various sub-sectors, allowing more FDI are factors that are indicated by experts that can contribute for further development of the service sector.Regarding banking industry in  Macedonia, service sector has the biggest share in the credit portfolio. Especialy this is due of the high exposure towards trade.Comparative analysis with developed countries shows that the share of exposure towards service sector is greather in Macedonia. This is mainly due of the lower risk of this credit portfolio, whose average riskiness is below the industry sector and agriculture.Also, in deficiency of strong industrial sector who can export its goods, Macedonian banks are turned towards wholesale and retail trade sectors. So it is expected with growth of GDP per capita in future banks to increase the loan portfolio of industry and in the same time to decrease the share of trade sector portfolio in total service portfolio.
ZNANJE KAO TEMELJNA ODREDNICA LJUDSKOG KAPITALA I KLJUČNI FAKTOR ODRŽIVOG RAZVOJA
Authors: Dautović Muharem
Published: October 2017

Sažetak: Povijest ljudskog roda satkana je od spoznaje, saznanja i znanja. Na ovim osnovama protkan je život i uzdignuti su temelji održivosti mjerljivog svijeta i kretanja u njemu prema uspjehu i razvoju. Osnovni cilj spoznaje krunisan je cjeloživotnim učenjem, a znanje kao intelektualni kapital postao je produkt koji je bio i ostao garant opstanka, progresa, prosperiteta i perspektive.Naravno, kroz saznanja, kontinuirana, permanentna iskustva kreiran je menadžment koji je zahvaljujući svojim vizijama, misijama i strateškim ciljevima usmjeravao i vodio organizacije, institucije i društva ka napretku i održivom razvoju. Održivi razvoj nije mogao ostati na istom nivou, te je kroz intelektualni kapital pokazivao različit uspjeh u zavisnosti od uspostavljenih ciljeva. Cjeloživotno učenje i obrazovanje omogućilo je usavršavanje i “proizvelo” obrazovni produkt koji je svojim konstantnim, upornim i požrtvovanim radom na svim poljima pokazivao različite nivoe uspješnosti i produktivnosti. Da bi produktivnost bila veća, a samim tim i kreativnija, obrazovni menadžment je učinio najveći utjecaj. Kroz dugogodišnji rad i djelovanje obrazovni menadžment profilirat će se u znanost i umijeće što će za posljedicu imati afirmaciju intelektualnog kapitala, odnosno znanja kao suštine i biti napredak u svakom pogledu, a posebno u razvojnom, što svakako implicira ekonomski razvoj i rast. Ovaj vid afirmacije znanja sa ciljem napretka i prosperiteta postavit će “društvo znanja” kao društvo savršenih kompetencija, sposobnosti, vještina, fleksibilnosti, adaptibilnosti, mobilnosti i informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija. Globalizacijski procesi planetarnog značaja u mnogome će pomoći zadatu realizaciju bez obzira na različite stavove, jer se najjednostavnije i najdosljednije mogu pratiti kroz politička, društvena i ekonomska kretanja na svim prostorima.Zato, cjeloživotno učenje koje u svojoj nutrini inkorporira spoznaju, saznanje i znanje zahtijeva ulaganje svih raspoloživih resursa ljudskog kapitala i fizičkog kapitala zarad uspjeha i održivog razvoja. Dakle, učenje i podučavanje je imperativ, edukacija mladih kroz institucije sistema, organizirano kroz školske sisteme svih nivoa nema alternativu. U prvi plan se postavljaju ciljevi, zadaci i sadržaji obrazovanja za održivi razvoj koji trebaju biti kompatibilni sa potrebama okruženja, onoga ekonomskog, političkog, obrazovnog, kulturnog i dr. (vanjski ciljevi obrazovanja), odnosno zahtjevima društvene stvarnosti, zatim inovirane odgojno-obrazovne metode i oblike rada koji su na liniji obrazovanja za održivi razvoj.
UPRAVLJANJE ZNANJEM - KONCEPT ZA KREIRANJE KONKURENTSKE PREDNOSTI
Authors: Jakupović Esad , Grandov Zorka
Published: October 2017

Živimo u vremenu sve bržih, dramatičnijih, kompleksnijih i nepredvidljivih promjena. Tehnološki, tržišno-ekonomski, politički, društveni i globalni faktori, utiču na ubrzanje promjena, kao i na oblikovanje teorije i prakse ekonomije i menadžmenta. Koncept „Upravljanje znanjem“ sve više je jedan od ključnih koncepata kreiranja konkurentske prednosti u novoj ekonomiji i menadžmentu. Svi se danas žure da izmijene svoj odnos prema znanju na način da se uspostavi integralna funkcija upravljanja znanjem, koja će zahvatiti sve dijelove određene organizacije te izvrše preusmjeravanje informacionog sistema prema sistemu upravljanja znanjem. U ovom radu su prikazani osnovni elementi i povezanost između upravljanja znanjem i konkurentnosti. Mada je potpuno jasno da su ove dvije specijalizovane discipline menadžmenta tijesno povezane, potrebno je ovu povezanost detaljnije analizirati i definisati kakvo je znanje potrebno za promjene i koje promjene proizvode znanje. Nove ideje i promjene koje iz njih proizilaze zahtijevaju novo znanje i omogućavaju efikasnost i konkurentsku prednost. U radu se navode konkretni primjeri važnosti upotrebe pojedinih elemenata intelektualnog kapitala kao i jedan primjer organizacije koja efikasno koristi koncept upravljanja znanjem.
OBRAZOVANJE KAO KLJUČNA DETERMINANTA RAZVOJA I FAKTOR SMANJENJA NEZAPOSLENOSTI
Authors: Lajšić Helena , Janjetović Maja , Janjetović Radoja
Published: October 2017

Obrazovanje jeste jedan od ključnih faktora efektivnosti i brzine privrednog razvoja. Usavršavanje i mjenjanje društvenih odnosa zavisi najviše od znanja i nivoa obrazovanja ljudi. Moderne privrede traže nova znanja i potreba za njima permanentno raste. Kvalitet ljudskog faktora predstavlja dinamičan element razvojne politike. Njegova mobilnost i sposobnost prilagođavanja ubrzava i unapređuje promjene. Doprinos obrazovanja je za privredni razvoj od krucijalnog značaja između ostalog i zato jer tehnološki napredak diktira razvoj kadrovskog potencijala. Sve individue koje pristupaju procesu obrazovanja na različitim nivoima školovanja i cjelokupan proces inoviranja znanja onih pojedinaca koji su ranije završili školovanje moraju biti povezani u cjelovit dobro organizovan sistem. Taj sistem na našim prostorima prati problem nepodudaranja strukture školstva, obrazovnih profila i potreba privrede. Činjenica je da režim koji zapusti i degradira svoj obrazovni sistem gubi i sopstvenu budućnost. Loše obrazovanje nije jedini isključivi razlog nezaposlenosti ali je činjenica da postoji snažna korelacija između ove dvije pojave kao i da obrazovanje igra značajnu ulogu u borbi protiv nezaposlenosti.Tranzicijski procesi rezultirali su krupnim promjenama u strukturi zaposlenosti. Privredni pritisci i nesigurno tržište prisililo je brojne organizacije da se okrenu fleksibilnijim oblicima zapošljavanja. Evidentirane su i radno ranjive grupe koje su više od ostalih izložene nezaposlenosti i translocirane u neaktivno stanovništvo. Između ostalih tu su stariji radnici, lica sa niskom stručnom spremom, radnici zastarjelih znanja i vještina. U zadnje vrijeme dosta pažnje se posvećuje pitanju jednakopravnosti u obrazovanju. Neophodno je obezbijediti da lične i društvene okolnosti- kao što su na primjer socio-ekonomski status, godine ili etničko porijeklo ne budu prepreka za ostvarivanje obrazovnih potencijala. Prema brojnim analizama, oni novo zaposlenje mogu dobiti samo prekvalifikacijama čemu bi nadležne institucije morale posvetiti više pažnje i brige. Poseban problem odnosi se na kategoriju starijih radnika koji su ostali bez posla, a koji u novim uslovima imaju malu šansu za ponovno zapošljavanje.
ORGANIZACIONE PROMJENE PODRŽANE INFORMACIONOM TEHNOLOGIJOM KAO ODGOVOR NA IZAZOVE GLOBALIZACIJE
Authors: Travar Mihajlo , Stojanović-Trivanović Mirjana
Published: October 2017

Organizacije u današnjem vremenu moraju da imaju sposobnost inovacija i promjena, ne samo da bi ostvarili prosperitet, već i da bi opstali u svijetu sve veće konkurencije. Naime, internacionalne ekonomske integracije, sazrijevanje domaćeg tržišta, prelazak na kapitalizam u bivšim komunističkim regionima, i globalizacije u ekonomiji utiču na svaku oblast poslovanja. Da bi se prepoznale i obuzdale opasnosti i iskoristile postojeće prilike, današnje organizacije preduzimaju dramatične promjene u svim oblastima djelovanja. Organizacije koje investiraju većinu svoga vremena i sredstava u održavanju „status quo“, ne mogu očekivati ostvarenje prosperiteta u današnjem svijetu konstanih promjena i nesigurnosti. Potrebno je naglasiti da u informatičkoj eri intelektualna imovina organizacije (znanja, informacije…) ima veći značaj od njene materijalne imovine. Pored kadrova, finansija i proizvodnih kapaciteta, u glavne resurse bitne za prilagođavanje spada, prije svega, organizaciona struktura. Radi uspješnog funkcionisanja i razvoja, organizacija mora imati odgovarajuće komunikacije sa svim sektorima domena i sticati informacije koje će joj omogućiti pravovremeno doznavanje aktuelnih promjena u tom domenu da bi im se mogla prilagoditi, kao i predviđanje promjena domena da bi mogla aktivno usmjeriti vlastiti razvoj i funkcionisanje u dinamičkom okruženju. Da bi se procesi, poslovi i zadaci izvršavali efektivno i efikasno i da bi se sagledala potpuna slika organizacije i okruženja, organizacije treba da razvijaju informacione sisteme koji imaju ključnu ulogu u razvoju i funkcionisanju.
IMPACT OF STRATEGIC PROTECTIONISM IMPLEMENTED BY BRAZIL AND ARGENTINA IN THE FIELD OF MEXICAN AUTO INDUSTRY
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , García Pérez María Laura , Santillán García Arturo
Published: October 2017

Today protectionist actions have been highly adopted by the nations, that in order to cope with the constant crises that threaten to slow economic growth. The cancellation of trade agreements has led to a strategic management restructuring, which now seeks to minimize the negative effects. Mexico is not the exception, because last year suffered the imposition of a series of protectionist guidelines by Brazil and Argentina, which were intended to reduce the number of exports that are made to these South American economies. This study intends to analyze the impact and strategic changes adopted by Mexico in the automotive industry as a result of these regulations. Using a method of analysis of quantitative and qualitative data is to estimate the damages to the sector as well as the measures taken by Mexico to decrease side effects.
ODNOS PROSJEČNE PLATE U JAVNOM I PRIVATNOM SEKTORU U REPUBLICI SRPSKOJ SHODNO NIVOIMA OBRAZOVANJA
Authors: Sašić Boban , Novaković Vesna
Published: October 2017

Javni i privatni sektor su komplementarni dijelovi svake ekonomije bez čije usklađenosti nije moguće ostvarivati kontinuirani privredni rast. Ipak, između ova dva sektora postoje značajne razlike. Jedna od razlika ogleda se u načinu utvrđivanja i visini plata zaposlenih radnika. U privredama u tranziciji, kakve su privrede Republike Srpske i Bosne i Hercegovine, javni sektor ima značajniju ulogu u ukupnim ekonomskim odnosima, za razliku od razvijenih privreda. Stoga je javni sektor atraktivniji za radnike zbog sigurnosti isplate plate, potpunog poštovanja pozitivnih zakonskih normi i drugih faktora. U javnosti Republike Srpske postoji percepcija da su prosječne plate u javnom sektoru značajno veće od prosječnih plata u privatnom sektoru, što se može smatrati još jednom pogodnošću zaposlenja u javnom sektoru. Cilj ovog rada je da se da odgovor na pitanje da li se i u kojoj mjeri prosječne plate zaposlenih u javnom sektoru razlikuju od prosječnih plata u privatnom sektoru u Republici Srpskoj, vezano za podudarne nivoe obrazovanja? U analizu su uključeni podaci o visini prosječne plate radnika sa visokom stručnom spremom i srednjom stručnom spremom. Došli smo do zaključka da su prosječne plate radnika sa visokom stručnom spremom veće za 4,1% u javnom u odnosu na privatni sektor, dok su prosječne plate radnika sa srednjom stručnom spremom za 34,9% veće u javnom u odnosu na privatni sektor. Ove rezultate treba posmatrati kroz prizmu ograničenja istraživanja, koje smo detaljno opisali u tekstu.
AKTIVNOSTI UNAPREĐENјA PRODAJE U KONCEPTU GLOBALNOG MARKETINGA
Authors: Grubor Aleksandar , Đokić Nenad , Milićević Nikola
Published: October 2017

U okviru poslovanja preduzeća u međunarodnim okvirima, moguće je identifikovati više koncepcijskih pristupa međunarodnog marketinga, od kojih je globalni marketing koncept njegova najviša razvojna faza. Za razliku od preostalih tipova marketing orijentacija – izvozne i inostrane, u globalnoj marketing orijentaciji akcenat nije sveden na prodaju proizvoda i usluga preduzeća, odnosno ostvarivanje profitabilnosti putem zadovolјavanja potrošača, već se pored potrošača i profitabilnog zadovolјavanja njihovih potreba, u obzir uzimaju i ostali faktori okruženja kompanije. Na nivou međunarodnog marketing programa potrebno je razmatrati sve instrumente marketing miksa: proizvod, cenu, distribuciju, kao i marketing komunikacije. U vezi sa marketing komunikacijama, moguće je takođe identifikovati postojanje više instrumenata: ekonomske propagande, ekonomskog publiciteta, lične prodaje, direktnog marketinga, kao i unapređenja prodaje. Pri tome, unapređenje prodaje može biti orijentisano ka potrošačima – kako bi se, između ostalog, povećala svesnost o postojanju proizvoda, motivisali oni koji proizvod ne kupuju na njegovu kupovinu ili povećala tražnja, ali i ka marketing posrednicima – kako bi se prvenstveno povećala dostupnost proizvoda u kanalima distribucije. Takvim aktivnostima se tokom ograničenog vremenskog perioda dodaje vrednost proizvodu ili brendu, kako aktivnostima koje se odnose na njihovu cenu, tako i necenovnim aktivnostima. Međutim, treba imati u vidu i da je savremene marketing komunikacije, ali i celokupno poslovanje kompanije, potrebno posmatrati u kontekstu integrisanih marketing komunikacija, koje karakteriše visok nivo interakcije u komunikaciji između marketara brenda i potrošača, praćen konzistentnošću poruke duž čitavog marketing miksa, od proizvoda do svih instrumenata promocije. Predmet ovoga rada upravo je sagledavanje aktivnosti unapređenja prodaje u konceptu globalnog marketinga. U tom smislu, nakon prikaza osnovnih karakteristika koncepta globalnog marketinga, kao i osnovnih postavki koncepta integrisanih marketing komunikacija, uklјučujući i odnose unapređenja prodaje sa ostalim instrumentima promotivnog miksa, što sve zajedno predstavlјa svojevrsni kontekst u kome je potrebno posmatrati aktivnosti unapređenja prodaje, u radu su prikazani pojavni oblici tih aktivnosti, kao i određene dileme koje se u vezi sa njima mogu javiti.
CONTRIBUTION OF CEFTA AGREEMENT TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CEFTA ECONOMIES // DOPRINOS „CEFTA“ SPORAZUMA RAZVOJU EKONOMIJA DRŽAVA ČLANICA
Authors: Jakupović Sanel , Aleksić Milanka , Novaković Vesna
Published: October 2017

Implementation of the “CEFTA 2006” agreement lasts for ten years, and in order to make explicit the importance of the agreement it should be presented base contribute to the economy of the Member States. Through this work it will be shown the contribution agreement for economic activities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The main contribution is increasing in trade among the member countries of the agreement and preparing for full membership in the EU, also adapting to the standards and conditions in the EU market. This statement is characteristic also and for Bosnia and Herzegovina. With the application of other trade agreements the basic goal of Bosnia and Herzegovina trough implementation of CEFTA 2006 is to extent adequate preparation for accession to full membership of the European Union. This agreement is an agreement on free trade in industrial goods and most agricultural goods between member states, the agreement defines the equal treatment of domestic and foreign investors, as well as the openness of public procurement markets. Certain studies prove positive direct and indirect effects of CEFTA Agreement on economic growth, the objective of the study is to confirm the link between the services and the productivity of the manufacturing companies that rely on the services sector as an input product. This paper will indicate the impact of the agreement on the economic development in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in terms of trade relations with member states of the European Union and member countries of the CEFTA agreement. Since CEFTA acting as a preparation for membership of the European Union, countries that have signed the agreement on the EU full membership withdrawn from the CEFTA, which is also the main goal of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
MANAGEMENT OPTIMISATION OF AIRLINES COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES // OPTIMIZACIJA UPRAVLJANJA KOMERCIJALNIM AKTIVNOSTIMA AVIOKOMPANIJE
Authors: Tatalović Mirko , Bajić Jasmin , Kučko Krešimir
Published: October 2017

Sustained implementation of the optimization processes of the airlines commercial activities is indispensable for timely and appropriate business decisions. Development of the commercial air transport make necessary the standardization of the documents, regulatory issues and procedures followed by different modes of commercial agreements. It is especially present when itinerary of the journey includes at least two different air carriers. The modes of commercial cooperation are very different from the simple one to the very sophisticated and complex activities asking for harmonization of many elements and functional areas. It includes special prorate agreements which harmonize the revenue share between the air companies after the negotiations. Next level of the cooperation are code sharing agreements more and more present in business practice. Same conclusion is valid for joint venture agreements. The highest level of the cooperation are airline alliances which are analysed with the most recent results and indicators. Airlines are recognized leaders in implementation of modern information technologies with very sophisticated applications, data platforms and software solutions. Therefore, it is very important to follow and implement trends in e-commerce activities including e-marketing, e-sales and distribution and use of different on line and mobile platforms.
CUSTOMS RISK MANAGEMENT – TIME OF DECLARATION PROCESSING BY CONTROL CANNELS
Authors: Biljan Jovanka , Trajkov Aleksandar
Published: October 2017

Dealing with a large scope of turnover across the borders, Customs authorities should balance the level of controls and interventions, on the one, and the time and costs related to declaration processing, on the other hand. Modern customs control systems should be based on selectivity approach and risk management.Risk management as a new approach in organizing and controlling Customs activities, is a complex process which starts with identification, analyzing and evaluation of possible risks, and continues with treating of selected risks by adoption of risk indicators and profiles. The main goal of this paper is to analyze the importance of risk management approach for straightening Customs performance quality, with special emphasize on the time of processing of import declaration. Using statistical methods, calculations will be made on the impact of selected control channel for customs clearance on the time on import declaration processing. The results of this research will indicate the expectations on the time for import declarations processing when using different customs control channels.