bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Picture Book Almanac
Authors: Polette Nancy J.
Published: February 2024

This essential guide has exactly the right books to help you celebrate special days throughout the year—even ""holidays"" you've never heard of—and provides hundreds of fun titles and activities that could inspire your students to become life-long readers.

Young students need to continually be presented with a vast variety of types of books, authors, illustrators, and subject matter in order to find the perfect concept or image that sparks their imagination, takes their comprehension to a new level, or helps them turn the corner to becoming a book lover. Nancy J. Polette's The Picture Book Almanac: Picture Books and Activities to Celebrate 365 Familiar and Unusual Holidays can be used year-round as a key to open that great literary treasure vault.

The books Polette has painstakingly selected for their value as learning opportunities tie into both familiar and unusual holidays, ranging from official, nationally recognized holidays to obscure ones such as Milk Day and Thesaurus Day. The daily featured book titles cover the classics, such as books in the Paddington Bear series and Cinderella to outstanding current and just-published titles, collectively representing the best choices for collection building over time. This book is an excellent tool for collection development as well as an indispensable resource for reading teachers and classroom teachers.
Pioneers of Early Childhood Education
Authors: Peltzman Barbara
Published: February 2024

Early childhood education is fundamental to a child's later educational achievements and future success. The principles and practices of modern early childhood education have their origins in the past. While the educators who built the field have been the subject of many detailed studies, previous works do not provide adequate coverage of primary and secondary sources, multicultural educators, or more recent leaders in the discipline. This reference book provides biographies and annotated bibliographies of more than 30 pioneers in early childhood education from Johann Amos Comenius (1592-1670) and John Locke (1632-1704), to Maria Montessori (1870-1952), Leland B. Jacobs (1907-1992), and Lillian Weber (1917-1994). Special attention is given to multicultural educators, including Mary Church Terrell (1863-1954) and her work with The National Association of Colored Women. Biographies are arranged alphabetically, and each is followed by annotated bibliographies of primary and secondary sources.

An introductory essay briefly discusses the history of early childhood education from the 17th century to the present. The following biographies are arranged alphabetically, and each includes a brief summary of the subjects contributions to the field of early childhood education. Each biographical sketch is followed by annotated bibliography of primary and secondary sources, including obituaries, articles, dissertations, and books. Works were selected because they represent the most interesting and informative sources by and about the educators. The volume closes with a chronological listing of the pioneers and a selected bibliography of general works on early childhood education.
Police Women
Authors: Wells Sandra K. , Alt Betty L.
Published: February 2024

It is often said that a woman must do a job twice as well as a man in order to get half the credit. This is particularly true of women in law enforcement. Women have been involved in various forms of policing for the last 100 years, but it wasn’t until the Equal Employment Act of 1970 that women could move from the job of meter maids to patrol and detective work. Yet less than 1% of all top-level cops are women, and there remain significant obstacles in the career paths of women in the force. This book looks at the history of women police officers and provides first-hand accounts of women at every level, including those who drop out. It addresses discrimination, competition, lack of mentoring, differential treatment and sexual harrassment, examining what issues play into the decision to stick it out or leave that many policewomen face. It also considers the family issues these women return home to at the end of the day.

It is often said that a woman must do a job twice as well as a man in order to get half the credit. This is particularly true of women in law enforcement. Women have been involved in various forms of policing for the last 100 years, but it wasn’t until the Equal Employment Act of 1970 that women could move from the job of meter maids to patrol and detective work. Yet less than 1% of all top-level cops are women, and there remain significant obstacles in the career paths of women in the force. This book looks at the history of women police officers and provides first-hand accounts of women at every level, including those who drop out. It addresses discrimination, competition, lack of mentoring, differential treatment, and sexual harrassment. It looks at what plays into the decision to stick it out or leave that many policewomen face. It also considers the family issues these women return home to at the end of the day.

Unlike other treatments of the subject, Alt and Wells show how women have changed police work into a more community-oriented model of policing, reduced police violence, served as a strong force to promote a more effective response to domestic violence within police departments, and helped with community-police relations. With a combination of first-hand accounts, careful research, and lively analysis, the authors are able to convey the actual experiences of women who have made their careers behind the shield.
Deciphering Resistance Patterns: A Bibliometric Review of Organizational Change in Digital Transformation
Authors: NAZIROVA Margarita
Published: February 2024

A critically important aspect of modern society is the digitalization of production. However, almost every company in its practice faces resistance to changes among employees during the implementation of digitalization projects. Exponential growth of technological progress forces companies to search for new methods of overcoming constantly emerging barriers in the implementation of digital transformation.
Evaluation of WRF-Chem-simulated meteorology and aerosols over northern India during the severe pollution episode of 2016
Authors: Agarwal Prerita , Stevenson David S. , Heal Mathew R.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. We use a state-of-the-art regional chemistry transport model (WRF-Chem v4.2.1) to simulate particulate air pollution over northern India during September–November 2016. This period includes a severe air pollution episode marked by exceedingly high levels of hourly PM2.5 (particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm) during 30 October to 7 November, particularly over the wider Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). We provide a comprehensive evaluation of simulated seasonal meteorology (nudged by ERA5 reanalysis products) and aerosol chemistry (PM2.5 and its black carbon (BC) component) using a range of ground-based, satellite and reanalysis products, with a focus on the November 2016 haze episode. We find the daily and diurnal features in simulated surface temperature show the best agreement followed by relative humidity, with the largest discrepancies being an overestimate of night-time wind speeds (up to 1.5 m s−1) confirmed by both ground and radiosonde observations. Upper-air meteorology comparisons with radiosonde observations show excellent model skill in reproducing the vertical temperature gradient (r>0.9). We evaluate modelled PM2.5 at 20 observation sites across the IGP including eight in Delhi and compare simulated aerosol optical depth (AOD) with data from four AERONET sites. We also compare our model aerosol results with MERRA-2 reanalysis aerosol fields and MODIS satellite AOD. We find that the model captures many features of the observed aerosol distributions but tends to overestimate PM2.5 during September (by a factor of 2) due to too much dust, and underestimate peak PM2.5 during the severe episode. Delhi experiences some of the highest daily mean PM2.5 concentrations within the study region, with dominant components nitrate (∼25 %), dust (∼25 %), secondary organic aerosols (∼20 %) and ammonium (∼10 %). Modelled PM2.5 and BC spatially correlate well with MERRA-2 products across the whole domain. High AOD at 550nm across the IGP is also well predicted by the model relative to MODIS satellite (r≥0.8) and ground-based AERONET observations (r≥0.7), except during September. Overall, the model realistically captures the seasonal and spatial variations of meteorology and ambient pollution over northern India. However, the observed underestimations in pollutant concentrations likely come from a combination of underestimated emissions, too much night-time dispersion, and some missing or poorly represented aerosol chemistry processes. Nevertheless, we find the model is sufficiently accurate to be a useful tool for exploring the sources and processes that control PM2.5 levels during severe pollution episodes.
Development of the tangent linear and adjoint models of the global online chemical transport model MPAS-CO2 v7.3
Authors: Zheng Tao , Feng Sha , Steward Jeffrey , Tian Xiaoxu , Baker David , Baxter Martin
Published: February 2024

Abstract. We describe the development of the tangent linear (TL) and adjoint models of the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS)-CO2 transport model, which is a global online chemical transport model developed upon the non-hydrostatic Model for Prediction Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A). The primary goal is to make the model system a valuable research tool for investigating atmospheric carbon transport and inverse modeling. First, we develop the TL code, encompassing all CO2 transport processes within the MPAS-CO2 forward model. Then, we construct the adjoint model using a combined strategy involving re-calculation and storage of the essential meteorological variables needed for CO2 transport. This strategy allows the adjoint model to undertake a long-period integration with moderate memory demands. To ensure accuracy, the TL and adjoint models undergo vigorous verifications through a series of standard tests. The adjoint model, through backward-in-time integration, calculates the sensitivity of atmospheric CO2 observations to surface CO2 fluxes and the initial atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio. To demonstrate the utility of the newly developed adjoint model, we conduct simulations for two types of atmospheric CO2 observations, namely the tower-based in situ CO2 mixing ratio and satellite-derived column-averaged CO2 mixing ratio (XCO2). A comparison between the sensitivity to surface flux calculated by the MPAS-CO2 adjoint model with its counterpart from CarbonTracker–Lagrange (CT-L) reveals a spatial agreement but notable magnitude differences. These differences, particularly evident for XCO2, might be attributed to the two model systems' differences in the simulation configuration, spatial resolution, and treatment of vertical mixing processes. Moreover, this comparison highlights the substantial loss of information in the atmospheric CO2 observations due to CT-L's spatial domain limitation. Furthermore, the adjoint sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the sensitivities to both surface flux and initial CO2 conditions spread out throughout the entire Northern Hemisphere within a month. MPAS-CO2 forward, TL, and adjoint models stand out for their calculation efficiency and variable-resolution capability, making them competitive in computational cost. In conclusion, the successful development of the MPAS-CO2 TL and adjoint models, and their integration into the MPAS-CO2 system, establish the possibility of using MPAS's unique features in atmospheric CO2 transport sensitivity studies and in inverse modeling with advanced methods such as variational data assimilation.
Introducción: Geopoéticas del abigarramiento en narrativas bolivianas actuales
Authors: González Almada Magdalena , Navallo Tatiana , Torres Alexander
Published: February 2024

n/a
ОҚУ ОРНЫНЫҢ ТАРАТЫЛҒАН ЖЕЛІСІНІҢ АҚПАРАТТЫҚ САҚТАЛУ МОДЕЛІ
Authors: Алимсейтова Жұлдыз , Каламан Ерболат
Published: February 2024

Қазіргі заманғы ақпараттық қауіпсіздік объектілерінің, оның ішінде Қазақстан Республикасының ірі университеттерінің есептеу жүйелері мен желілері өз архитектурасында көптеген күрделі элементтерді біріктіреді. Өз кезегінде, мұндай элементтердің әрқайсысы компьютерлік шабуылдаушылардың шабуылына ұшырауы мүмкін. Тиісінше, есептеу желісінің архитектурасын құрайтын элементтердің әрқайсысы кибернетикалық қауіптердің жеткілікті санына ұшырайды. Бұл қауіптердің есептеу желісінің ақпараттық қауіпсіздігіне әсерін азайту және кейбір жағдайларда келтірілген залалдың алдын алу үшін әртүрлі ақпаратты қорғау құралдары желі архитектурасына біріктірілген. Зерттеу барысында оқу орнының таратылған желісінің ақпараттық сақталу моделі толықтырылды, онда қолданыстағы модельдерден айырмашылығы, оқу орнының таратылған есептеу желісі үшін ақпараттық сақталудың бұзылу қаупінің көрсеткіштері ескерілді.
ЖЕЛ ГЕНЕРАТОРЫНЫҢ ӘРТҮРЛІ ТҮРЛЕРІН КРИТИКАЛЫҚ РЕЖИМДЕ МОДЕЛЬДЕУ
Authors: Тультаев Бауржан , Кобдикова Шамсигуль , Кабашева Мирей , Адильханов Ержан , Фазылова Aлина
Published: February 2024

Бұл мақалада Алматы қаласының климаттық жағдайларына барынша сай келетін жел генераторларының әртүрлі роторларының сипаттамаларына салыстырмалы талдау жүргізіледі. Таңдалған жел генераторлары критикалық жұмыс режимінде, яғни жел жылдамдығының максималды мәніне зерттелген. Алматы қаласы үшін ротордың оңтайлы нұсқасын таңдау мақсатында жел генераторларының негізгі сипаттамаларына сыни талдау жүргізіледі.   Негізгі сипаттамаларды талдау, олардың ерекшеліктері мен жел генераторының басқару блогын кейіннен жобалау үшін ротор моделін таңдау мәселесін шешу мүмкіндіктерін зерттеу арқылы. Ротордың оңтайлы моделін таңдау үшін бірқатар зерттеулер жүргізу қажет. Осылайша, жел генераторларының негізгі модельдері таңдалды және SolidWorks бағдарламалық ортасында компьютерлік модельдеуді қолдана отырып, бірдей климаттық жағдайларда әртүрлі модельдер зерттелді. Таңдалған модель таңдалған аймақтың берілген табиғи жағдайларына толығымен сәйкес келуі керек, онда желдің максималды жылдамдығы және ротордың барлық зерттелген модельдері үшін осы маңызды мән белгіленеді.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Era Industri 4.0
Authors: Akhsan Lurinjani , Pendrian Okder
Published: February 2024

Era Industri 4.0 membawa perubahan besar dalam dunia kerja, termasuk dalam hal budaya organisasi dan motivasi kerja. Budaya organisasi yang adaptif dan fleksibel menjadi kunci untuk sukses di era ini. Motivasi kerja karyawan juga perlu ditingkatkan untuk dapat beradaptasi dengan perubahan dan mencapai target perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh budaya organisasi dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di era Industri 4.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yakni dengan studi literatur. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis mulai dari reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa budaya organisasi dan motivasi kerja merupakan dua faktor penting yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja karyawan di era Industri 4.0. Perusahaan perlu membangun budaya organisasi yang adaptif dan fleksibel serta meningkatkan motivasi kerja karyawan untuk mencapai kesuksesan di era ini.
Challenges and Strategies to develop RP-HPLC Method of L-Arginine with Polyphenolic compounds
Authors: Kaur Palwinder , Vyas Manish , Verma Surajpal
Published: February 2024

While developing a method of RP-HPLC for a new compound or combination of drugs simultaneously, many challenges are faced by the researcher pertaining to effective elution and sufficient resolution of a mixture of compounds. Many factors come into the picture, which reflects the ultimate elution of chemical compounds. Factors like the physicochemical properties of chemical compounds, the chemical nature of the mobile phase, instrumental factors, and experimental conditions play crucial roles in RP-HPLC method development. This research article discusses the challenges faced while developing a method of L-Arg along with polyphenolic compounds. Both the compounds have contrasting solubility profiles as L-Arg is soluble in water but PIC is soluble in organic solvents. Strategies were used to develop RP-HPLC of this combination with mobile phases like acetonitrile, orthophosphoric acid, methanol, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer of pH 2.6. The present article provides an insightful approach to develop a new RP-HPLC method for a combination of compounds having related physicochemical characteristics.
On the Aesthetics and Politics of Neoconservatism in Postwar Japan and America
Authors: Hurley Brian
Published: February 2024

This article explores the aesthetic and political dimensions of neoconservative thought in postwar Japan and America. Although neoconservatism today is most often associated with hawkish foreign policy positions and the mythos of American hegemony, it first emerged in the realm of 1960s and post-1960s cultural criticism, much of which was composed by right-of-center literary intellectuals in particular. This article explores how in that earlier context, one of the most distinctive models for answering the cultural questions that motivated the emergence of neoconservatism as an article of global thought appeared in a body of writing centered on Japan. Putting the ideas expressed by the noted American neoconservatives Irving Kristol and Norman Podhoretz into dialogue with the writings of the conservative Japanese literary critic Etō Jun, the ruminations on Japanese cultural conservatism by the American scholar of Japanese literature Edward Seidensticker, the memoirs of the Sony CEO Morita Akio and the former Japanese prime minister Abe Shinzō, and the writings of the noted Japanese neoconservative novelist-turned-politician Ishihara Shintarō, the article argues that the articulation of neoconservative ideals in postwar Japan ultimately provided a model to conservative market advocates worldwide for how to integrate the seemingly incompatible logics of community and capitalism through a cultural synthesis.
Ventilation regulations and occupant practices: undetectable pollution and invisible extraction
Authors: Few Jessica , Shipworth Michelle , Elwell Clifford
Published: February 2024

This sociotechnical investigation examines the use of ventilation systems in homes in London, UK. These homes were built with ventilation systems as described by guidance in the UK Building Regulations Approved Document F. These systems are assumed to provide adequate ventilation rates. However, previous measurements in these homes show that ventilation rates are inadequate. Using social practice theory as a framework to analyse the qualitative data, the intended use of the ventilation systems is compared to participants’ actual practices of manipulating the indoor air, revealing discrepancies between the two. Occupants had limited knowledge of indoor pollutants but were highly motivated to control and interact with the smells and air in their homes. They primarily used technologies that were not part of the planned system, because the latter’s functioning was opaque to occupants and not well connected to their other practices. The highlighted discrepancies in four case study homes between planned and actual ventilation system operation help to identify how future systems could be improved to ensure adequate ventilation rates and good indoor air quality in airtight homes.
Policy relevance
This research investigates the extent to which the intended operation of domestic ventilation systems set out in Approved Document F to the UK Building Regulations is accomplished in practice. The findings show that ventilation equipment is not used as intended. The research suggests a need for future guidance to more actively consider routes by which occupants can learn how to use and maintain their ventilation systems, and how to identify and remove indoor air pollution. There is a risk of continuing underventilation in homes unless efforts are made to ensure the systems are easily interpretable and robust to a reasonable range of internal conditions and social contexts.
Detecção de anorexígenos e benzodiazepínicos em formulações "naturais" empregadas em regimes de emagrecimento
Authors: Auricchio Mariangela Tirico , Batistic Mônica Arcon , Markman Blanca E. Ortega
Published: February 2024

Foram analisadas 74 amostras de formulações 'naturais' destinadas a regimes de emagrecimento com o intuito de se verificar a presença de anorexígenos e benzodiazepínicos, que são substâncias de uso controlado. Empregou-se, para tanto, a cromatografia em camada delgada e a espectrofotometria na região do ultra-violeta. Apesar de serem apresentadas como produtos naturais, em 500/0 destas preparações detectou-se a presença de anoxerígenos e benzodiazepínicos. Os componentes naturais presentes foram identificados por análise microscópica e cromatográfica. Constatou-se que substâncias controladas estão sendo empregadas indiscriminadamente em formulações 'naturais' para regime, sem serem mencionadas na rotulagem.
Mel: Fraudes e condições sanitárias
Authors: Cano Cristiane B. , Zamboni Claydes de Quadro , Alves Helena Ide , Spiteri Nazareth , Atui Márcia Bittar , Santos Marlene Correia dos , Jorge Luzia Ilza Ferreira , Pereira Ulysses , Rodrigues Regina Maria M.
Published: February 2024

A fim de verificar as condições higiênicas e a genuinidade do mel consumido em São Paulo, Capital, foram analisadas 173 amostras de méis enviadas as Instituto Adolfo Lutz por consumidores ou pela Vigilância Sanitária do Estado de São Paulo, SP. Foram condenadas 12 amostras (6,8%) como fraudadas, porque, tanto as determinações físico-químicas, como as microscópias, demonstraram que os produtos eram constituídos por xarope de açúcar; 122 (70,5%) condenadas pela análise microscópica, por estarem em condições higiênicas insatisfatórias, contendo fragmentos de insetos mortos, fungos, nematóides, ácaros ou por conter elementos histológicos de cana-de-açúcar ou de vegetais não caracterizados; 58 (33,5%), condenadas pela análise fisico-química, por estarem fora dos padrões das Normas Higiênicas Sanitárias e Tecnológicas para mel, aprovadas pela Secretaria de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal.
Rabies virus in McCoy cell line. Part 1 - Cytopathic effect and replication
Authors: Nogueira Yeda L.
Published: February 2024

The cytopathic effect caused by rabies virus is not easy to detect, although the McCoy cell line showed high sensitivity to this virus. The titre increased at each new passage and the ERA strain reached titre higher than 10 8.0 LD 50/ 0,03 ml after eight successive passages only. The kinetics of infection showed that 48 hours after inoculation, the cell reaches the peak of infecton and the celular proteins synthesis is inhibited. The data are reproducible suggesting that this cell line could be used for diagnostic purposes and for virus mass production.
Dietilpropiona, femproporex, diazepam e fenolftaleína: determinação em formulações para emagrecimento
Authors: Craves Maria Auxiliadora , Akatuka Amélia Shioko , Trujillo Luz Marina
Published: February 2024

Com o objetivo de analisar dietilpropiona, femproporex, diazepam e fenolftaleína em formulações para regime de emagrecimento, foi desenvolvido um método de separação e determinação destas substâncias, utilizando procedimentos volumétricos e espectrofotométricos nas regiões do ultravioleta e visível.
Aspectos gerais das micoses com caráter de zoonoses em pacientes com AIDS
Authors: Cintra GIUDICE Mauro
Published: February 2024

As infecções oportunísticas em pacientes comAIDS representam a principal complicação desta síndrome. As micoses, por sua vez, têm sempre estado presentes como uma manifestação relevante. A criptococose, a histoplasmose e as dermatofitoses zoofílicas são discutidas, em seus aspectos gerais, destacando-se o caráter zoonótico destas doenças.
Controle de esterilidade de correlatos utilizados na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Ferreira Novo Otilia , Tirico Auricchio Mariangela , Bugno Adriana , Marra Azevedo Elaine , W. F. V. Arbex Lílian
Published: February 2024

Os autores relataram um estudo realizado em produtos Correlatos utilizados dentro e fora da Rede Hospitalar da Cidade de São Paulo. Teve por objetivo avaliar a situação desses materiais quanto ao Controle de Esterilidade. Foram analisadas no período de 1990 a maio de 1994, 883 amostras de diversas espécies de Correlatos produzidos pela indústria de Materiais Fármaco-Hospitalares do País. A metodologia utilizada nas análises é a Oficial, de acordo com as normas da Farmacopéia Brasileira. Os resultados obtidos revelam que 7,5% das amostras analisadas não cumprem com os requisitos de Esterilidade, evidenciando preocupação com este tipo de material, que pode provocar conseqüências graves ao paciente-usuário, além de agravar o problema das Infecções Hospitalares.
Efeito do forno de micro-ondas na destruição de aflatoxina de amendoim
Authors: Prado Guilherme , Silva de Oliveira Marize
Published: February 2024

Foi verificado o efeito do aquecimento de amostras contaminadas artificialmente com aflatoxinas B, e GI' pelo fomo de microondas, em potência máxima de 0,8 kW,por 3 a 6 minutos. A quantificação de aflatoxinas foi desenvolvida por cromatografia em camada delgada por comparação visual com padrões. Os resultados encontrados mostraram uma redução de 41,52 a 69,56% de aflatoxinas B, e G, em amostras torradas por 6 minutos.
Presença de vírus endógeno na linhagem celular Aedes albopicuts clone C6/36 não infectadas
Authors: Luisa Barbosa Maria , Ueda-Ito Marli , Maria Rocco Iray
Published: February 2024

As linhagens celulares obtidas a partir de larvas do mosquito Aedes albopictus apresentam-se naturalmente infectadas por vírus. O clone C6/36 dessas células, obtido por Igarashi em 1978, mostrou estar livre de vírus e tem sido usado para isolamento do vírus Dengue na maioria dos laboratórios especializados. Em nossos estudos com esse clone, após diferentes períodos de incubação, detectamos a presença de um vírus endógeno. Sobrenadante de cultura de células C6/36, após o 120 dia de repique, analisado por coloração negativa em microscopia eletrônica, revelou a presença de partículas virais sem envoltório, medindo cerca de 20 nm. Esse mesmo teste, quando realizado com células após o 2", 6" e 10' dias de incubação, resultou negativo. As células também foram submetidas à imunofluorescência indireta utilizando anti soros para vários grupos de arbovírus. Os resultados foram negativos, descartando a possibilidade de contaminação laboratorial. A presença de vírus endógeno em células C6/36 pode ocorrer em diferentes laboratórios, sem ser detectada. Nossos resultados mostraram que esse vírus endógeno não influencia o isolamento do vírus Dengue e a replicação das células. Em razão da ausência de dados, o emprego dessas células para isolamento de outros vírus deve ser cuidadosamente avaliado.
Isolamento de Trypanosoma cruzi por xenocultura após aplicação de xenodiagnóstico in vivo e/ou in vitro em pacientes na fase crônica da doença de chagas e na coinfeção pelo HIV
Authors: Da Conceição Bisugo Márcia , De Fátima Lereno de Araújo Maria , Visone Nunes Elizabeth , Aparecida Cunha Elaine , Da Cruz Oliveira Junior Oswaldo , Do Socorro Guilherme Carmem , Perez Ramirez Lorena , Eduardo Tolezano José
Published: February 2024

Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar a viabilidade da utilização da xenocultura como técnica para o isolamento de amostras de Trypanosoma cruzi a partir do trato intestinal de Triatoma infestans. Foram realizadas xenoculturas a partir de xenodiagnósticos aplicados em 78 pacientes, procedentes de diferentes regiões do Brasil, todos em fase crônica da doença de Chagas, sendo 32 co-infectados pelo HIV Foram aplicados no total 101 xenodiagnósticos, executados "in vivo" e/ou "in vitro" com 30-40 ninfas de T infestans entre 3" e 4" estádios de desenvolvimento. Ao final dos exames dos xenodiagnósticos, aos 30 e 60 dias, o trato digestivo de um número variável de triatomíneos de cada exame foi semeado, individualmente, após tratamento com álcool iodado, em meios bifásicos de Ducrey com LIT ou BHI (com gentarnicina). As culturas foram examinadas quinzenalmente até 3 meses e, as amostras isoladas estão preservadas em nitrogênio líquido. Dos 101 xenodiagnósticos aplicados, 73 (72,3%) foram positivos, correspondendo a 57 (73,1 %) dos 78 pacientes. Em 51 (89,5%) dos 57 pacientes (26 co-infectados e 31 em fase crônica da doença de Chagas ) com xenodiagnóstico positivo, o isolamento do parasita foi viabilizado pela utilização da xenocultura. O isolamento de T cruzi foi da ordem de 96,2% (25/26) entre os pacientes coinfectados e 83,9% (26/31) entre aqueles soronegativos para HIV De 461 barbeiros positivos aos exames do xenodiagnóstico "in vivo" ou "in vitro", foi possível o isolamento de 250 (54,2%) amostras de T cruzi. De 181 insetos reconhecidos como negativos nos xenodiagnósticos positivos, foi conseguido o isolamento de 25 (13,8%) amostras do parasita. Mesmo entre 22 ninfas mortas, para as quais nem houvera sido possível o exame, por compressão do abdomen, no xenodiagnóstico, a xenocultura viabilizou o isolamento de mais 2 (9,1 %) amostras de T cruzi. Em nenhum xenodiagnóstico reconhecido como negativo foi obtido êxito para o isolamento deste protozoário. Foi observada uma perda de cerca de 5% das xenoculturas por contaminação bacteriana ou fúngica. Verificou-se, ainda, uma aparente melhor adaptação de formas delgadas do parasita nos meios de cultivo. Além de possibilitar o isolamento de T cruzi em cerca de 90% dos pacientes com xenodiagnósticos positivos e de mais da metade dos triatomíneos infectados, a xenocultura viabilizou o reconhecimento e o isolamento do parasita em cerca de 13,3% (27/203) dos insetos que estavam mortos ou tinham sido identificados como negativos em xenodiagnósticos positivos.
Automated and interactive selective collection system in the educational context of the early years of elementary education
Authors: Silva Filho José Augusto Medeiros , Lima José Ricardo Santos de , Magalhães Yonara Costa , Almeida Will Ribamar Mendes
Published: February 2024

Striving for a more sustainable future, selective waste collection is essential to minimize environmental impacts and promote societal awareness. This project aims to raise awareness among children in the early years of elementary school. It teaches them interactively about the importance of selective waste collection through the reinforcement and practice of sustainable actions in a playful manner. The automated trash bin, constructed using electronic components, is controlled through the Arduino platform with the assistance of sensors and actuators. Thus, when a child approaches the automated trash bin, a sound is emitted to indicate the type of material the bin receives. This solution aims to teach non-literate children how to perform selective waste collection in an interactive and playful manner, instructing them on the separation and disposal of waste using the trash bin. The final prototype underwent preliminary evaluation by 64 individuals through an online questionnaire comprising nine closed-ended questions. The results were positive regarding the effectiveness of this tool's proposal.
The Hypothesis of Cultural Differences in Sino-Us Relation with International Political Conflicts
Authors: Jiang Xinyu
Published: February 2024

Conflicts and tensions among major powers are often seen as clashes of interests between entities with significant influence. Nevertheless, from a historiographical standpoint, one would challenge the validity of such a simplistic view. The themes of nations that have to be considered full are undeniably formed by comprehensive historical and cultural components. Hence, it is essential to comprehensively evaluate cultural disparities to have a comprehensive understanding of interstate conflicts. This research uses case studies and qualitative methodologies to conduct a comparative analysis of the ideologies and national value identities that underlie Chinese-American interactions during the last decade. It focuses on the cultural distinctions inherited from China and the United States in order to get a deeper understanding of these connections. This research posits that the concept of democracy is firmly ingrained in the cultural and political fabric of these societies, giving rise to divergent ideologies. Numerous pieces of evidence indicate that the cultural aspects of a country significantly influence its political evolution.
Research on Criminal Law Regulation of Network Violence
Authors: Zheng Boqian
Published: February 2024

Network violence is not a legal concept, in the existing law s and regulations and normative documents, guiding documents lac k of connotation and extension of the concept of network violence provisions, also lack of a normative way to list. This paper analyzes the characteristics of network violence, studies the applicable charges and criminal standards, as well as the regulation of criminal law on network violence. First of all, cyber violence has specific characteristics, including anonymity, dissemination and aggression. Secondly, for different types of cyber violence, different charges and criminal standards should be adopted in order to better punish criminal acts. Finally, criminal law can play an important role in regulating cyber violence. Clear legal provisions and corresponding penalties can effectively deter cyber violence. Therefore, this paper puts forward suggestions to further strengthen the regulation of network violence in criminal law. With scientific legislation as the core, it puts forward ideas such as adding the charges of network violence c rime, reasonable classification and different sentencing, and including the crime of network violence in public prosecution.
Characteristics and Comparison of Biofilm and Activated Sludge Sewage Treatment Technologies
Authors: Qiu Jingyuan , Yin Kehan
Published: February 2024

Sewage treatment is a key environmental protection task and is of great significance to sustainable development. In this paper, biological filter method, rotating biological plate method, traditional push-flow activated sludge method and gradually reduced aeration method are selected to summarize and compare their principles, advantages and disadvantages, and removal objects. Biofilm method is similar to the principle of soil self-purification. It is a kind of aerobic biological treatment technology juxtaposed with activated sludge, and it is a fixed membrane process. The activated sludge is similar to the self-purification principle of water. It is an aerobic biological treatment method for sewage, removing dissolved and colloidal biochemical organic matter from the effluent, as well as suspended solids and other substances that can be adsorbed by activated sludge. It also removes some of the phosphorus and nitrogen. Both methods belong to wastewater biological treatment of suspended microorganisms in the water. They have their advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions, so there is no competition between the two methods.
Analysis of the Operational Model and Business Management Strategy of the Chinese Super League (CSL) Based on the SWOT Model
Authors: Wei Kaifan
Published: February 2024

The China Super League (CSL) holds a prominent position as the first soccer league in China and ranks among the most popular leagues in Asia. However, despite its success, the CSL faces several challenges that hinder its further development. This essay delves into an in-depth analysis of the CSL, utilizing the SWOT model to identify its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Beginning with an exploration of the CSL's background and historical development, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of this league. By understanding its origins and evolution, we can better grasp the factors that have contributed to its current status. One critical aspect of this analysis involves identifying the weaknesses and strengths within the CSL. These factors encompass various facets of the league, including player performance, financial stability, fan engagement, and marketing strategies. By pinpointing these internal elements, we can gain insights into areas that require improvement as well as those that can be leveraged to enhance the league's standing. Moreover, this essay delves into the external factors that impact the CSL's operations and growth potential. These factors may encompass economic trends, government policies, international competitions, and global soccer dynamics. Recognizing the external opportunities and threats allows us to construct a holistic view of the CSL's position within the broader context of the soccer world. Through the SWOT analysis and the exploration of specific examples, we aim to provide valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities that the CSL faces.
Research on Prediction of Insurance Compensation Amount after Fire Disaster
Authors: Han Shixuan
Published: February 2024

Fire is one of the major disasters that seriously threaten public safety and social development, so it is particularly essential to predict the amount of insurance compensation after a fire. This paper predicts the number of fire occurrences from various aspects such as region, housing, and car fires based on the LSTM model. A model for predicting insurance compensation after a fire is established based on the LSTM-Poisson distribution model and factors such as average house prices. Taking the number of fire occurrences in four regions of the UK from 2001 to 2021 as a case, the fire insurance compensation model is used to predict based on the average house prices and car prices in the UK, providing a reference for insurance companies in terms of fire insurance compensation.
Measures to Improve the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xia Jialu
Published: February 2024

Perovskite materials are considered to be the ideal materials in solar cell production because of their excellent natures, which have received a wide attention. Perovskite solar cell (PSC) is expected to replace the silicon-based solar cell and become the new generation of solar cell technology, because of its low cost, simple process flow and high photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the stability of the PSC has been restricting its commercial development. In recent years, much research has been carried out to improve its stability. This review describes the construction of perovskite material, the composition of PSC and the key factors affecting the stability of PSC, including humidity stability, temperature stability and light stability, then takes inorganic buffer layer, ionic liquids and cation doping three methods as examples to summarize the mechanisms and strategies of improving the stability of PSC, and points out the great potential of multi-functional ionic liquids to improve the stability and efficiency of PSC in future.
The Modern Agriculture Development of Arid and Semi-Arid Areas in China
Authors: Zhang Jinfu
Published: February 2024

It was very important to study the agricultural development of arid and semi-arid areas in China for national food security. This area accounts for about 1/3 of China's land area. However, due to long-term water scarcity, strong sandstorms, and severe soil salinization, local agricultural development was limited.Nowadays, with the continuous development of agricultural technology in arid and semi-arid areas, the agricultural development in arid and semi-arid areas of our country had undergone earth-shaking changes. In this paper, from the initial unification of plastic film cover in arid and semi-arid areas to the normalization of greenhouses and solar greenhouses, and with the development of electrification technology and the gradual maturity of information technology, agricultural development has gradually moved from traditional to the era of modernization, information and intelligence, the above four aspects to discuss the agricultural development process in arid and semi-arid areas of our country.
The Impact of High-Sugar Intake on Early Childhood Development
Authors: Zhang Stephanie
Published: February 2024

In contemporary society, the prevalence of obesity and other diet-related health complications in children and adolescents is increasingly high, becoming a health epidemic on its own. Such diet-related health complications can be sourced through an unhealthy diet and/or genetics. However, numerous external elements too act as dietary influences, making it exceptionally feasible to become overweight or obese at a young age. Unfortunately, the consequences of suffering from diet-related diseases negatively impact a child extensively. Further, recent studies highlight the significance of such health complications on leaving life-long effects on a child’s future growth. Raising awareness of the importance of maintaining healthy dietary patterns, particularly meal structure restricting high-sugar intake, and providing children with adequate nutrition and nourishment can inhibit the development of serious health conditions and cultivate optimal child development. This paper synthesizes the latest research on the aforementioned topics as well as the effects of sugar on a child’s body and mind and other serious consequences of a high-sugar diet on young children.
How the EU should to respond to the challenge of greenwashing?
Authors: Zhao Jiyang
Published: February 2024

The Paris Agreement has set out specific requirements for controlling global warming, which has made it imperative for companies to incorporate the environment as well as sustainability into their business strategies. However, the problem of greenwashing, whereby companies disguise the fact that they are not green by claiming to be green, is also occurring more and more. There is also a growing body of research on this type of greenwashing. This paper reviews some of the definitions of greenwashing in the literature and, by analyzing the greenwashing scandals of ExxonMobil and Shell as well as the climate litigation, concludes that the EU legislation has a great advantage in solving the problem of greenwashing, especially by multinational corporations. However, as these regulations have only come into force in the last few years, a number of issues are still waiting to be resolved. Therefore, more research is needed to explore the issue of EU legislation and greenwashing, and to consider how to deal with the inadequacy of existing legislation.
Gender Differences in Attitudes towards Homosexuality in China
Authors: Liu Chang
Published: February 2024

The sexual liberation movement across many regions globally has resulted in a shift in individuals' perspectives and dispositions towards homosexuality. This research investigates the gender disparities in Chinese attitudes toward homosexuality and some of the causes behind these disparities based on a review of the literature. The research topic centers on the advancement of LGBTQ+ rights and the pursuit of gender equality. The study's findings indicate that there exist gender disparities in attitudes towards homosexuality in China, with women exhibiting more favorable attitudes compared to men. Moreover, it was observed that men tend to demonstrate greater consistency between their explicit and implicit attitudes towards homosexuality, whereas certain women exhibit incongruence between their explicit and implicit attitudes. Some women display positive explicit attitudes towards homosexuality, yet their implicit attitudes are negative. Both men and women tended to hold more negative attitudes towards gay individuals compared to lesbian individuals. Notably, men's attitudes towards gay individuals were significantly more negative than those of women, whereas there was minimal disparity between men's and women's attitudes towards lesbian individuals.
Rechargeable Lithium-ion and Aqueous Zn-based Battery
Authors: Ding Yifei
Published: February 2024

In the context of frequent extreme events around the world, economic and social development needs to utilize renewable energy. However, most renewable energy sources have the disadvantage of intermittency. It requires energy storage technology to balance supply and demand. Secondary battery energy storage technology can improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce the uncertainty of renewable energy generation. This paper introduces two kinds of energy storage technology, lithium-ion rechargeable battery and aqueous Zn-based rechargeable battery. Li-ion battery is prone to safety accidents such as combustion and explosion, and it will produce toxic substances. The aqueous Zn-based battery has high safety, and the production and using process is environmentally friendly. Compared with Li-ion, aqueous Zn-based has a lower area capacity, which is not conducive to large-scale commercial production applications. Due to the restriction of lithium resources, the production cost of lithium batteries is gradually increasing. In the future, in the development of energy storage technology, both technologies have certain durability and unique advantages, but there are also obvious limiting factors that need to be studied and improved.
The Possibility of Artificial Sweeteners Replacing Added Sugar in the Diet of High Sugar Consumption Patients with Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Xiong Xinyang
Published: February 2024

Artificial sweeteners have indeed been the subject of controversy and scrutiny over the past few decades. Originally developed as a supplement and a healthier alternative to added sugar, they were initially created to address shortages in sugar production. However, over time, artificial sweeteners have been mass-marketed primarily based on their low-calorie profile, with a specific focus on targeting individuals who are obese or looking to reduce calorie intake. While artificial sweeteners were designed to offer a sugar-free alternative, they have also been linked to common diseases associated with excessive sugar consumption, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is a serious condition with a high mortality rate, and numerous studies have explored the potential interrelation between the intake of artificial sweeteners and added sugars and the danger of CVD events’ occurrence. Through carrying out comparisons of the effects which artificial sweeteners and added sugars may induce on CVD, the goal of this article is to investigate the possibility of substituting added sugar with artificial sweeteners for the potential benefit of CVD patients. This is an important area of research given the rising concerns about the health impact of sugar consumption and the desire to find alternative options that can contribute to better heart health.