bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Congestion control based on optimal problem for long range dependence network
Authors: Guan Xinping , Yang Bo , Long Chengnian , Liu Zhixin
Published: December 2024

This paper studies the congestion control in ATM network as a stochastic optimal control problem. Based on the first equivalent controller presented in Automatica 35(12) (1999), 1937–1950, the modified linear quadratic guass (MLQG) control is introduced to control over long-range dependence networks. In addition, the finite impulse response filters employed here compensate the round trip delays as well as smooth transmission rate. Further, we draw a sufficient condition for system stability and analyze the robustness margin along with the maximum tolerable delay from frequency domain technique. With lag compensators satisfactory steady state performance and scalable robustness can be achieved. Also, we expound the choices of parameters from robustness point of view, which has been related with fairness. Through simulations, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is shown as compared with the LQG algorithm.
An efficient polling and information-request packet transfer for wireless networks in fading and interference environments
Authors: Khara S.R. , Tripathi R.
Published: December 2024

The design of an efficient MAC protocol is of paramount interest for the definition of wireless ATM (WATM) access. Polling schemes of MAC layer protocol yields reasonably low link channel utilization efficiency and more delay when only small number of mobile stations have packets to transmit. This problem arises from the fact that all the remote units should be polled to know whether remotes have packet to transmit. This paper proposes an efficient algorithm for polling all the remotes currently under base station and bandwidth allocation for information-request packet transfer from remote-to-base direction in MAC layer protocol when only small number of remote unit (mobile station) awaiting to transmit packets. The mathematical and simulation results show that using proposed technique for slot allocation for information-request packet transfer the MAC overcomes the above inefficiency considerably yielding greater channel utilization efficiency and low delay.
Convergence of IPsec in presence of resets
Authors: Huang Chin-Tser , Gouda Mohamed G. , Elnozahy E.N.
Published: December 2024

IPsec is the current security standard for the Internet Protocol IP. According to this standard, a selected computer pair (p, q) in the Internet can be designated a “security association”. This designation guarantees that all sent IP messages whose original source is computer p and whose ultimate destination is computer q cannot be replayed in the future (by an adversary between p and q) and still be received by computer q as fresh messages from p. This guarantee is provided by adding increasing sequence numbers to all IP messages sent from p to q. Thus, p needs to always remember the sequence number of the last sent message, and q needs to always remember the sequence number of the last received message. Unfortunately, when computer p or q is reset these sequence numbers can be forgotten, and this leads to two bad possibilities: unbounded number of fresh messages from p can be discarded by q, and unbounded number of replayed messages can be accepted by q. In this paper, we propose two operations, “SAVE” and “FETCH”, to prevent these possibilities. The SAVE operation can be used to store the last sent sequence number in persistent memory of p once every Kp sent messages, and can be used to store the last received sequence number in persistent memory of q once every Kq received messages. The FETCH operation can be used to fetch the last stored sequence number for a computer when that computer wakes up after a reset. We show that the following three conditions hold when SAVE and FETCH are adopted in both p and q. First, when p is reset, at most 2Kp sequence numbers will be lost but no fresh message sent from p to q will be discarded if no message reorder occurs. Second, when q is reset, the number of discarded fresh messages is bounded by 2Kq. In either case, no replayed message will be accepted by q.
Loop-free path restoration with QoS and label constraints in MPLS networks
Authors: Naraghi-Pour Mort , Wei Chung-Yu
Published: December 2024

In this paper we investigate traffic engineering for fault restoration techniques in Multiprotocol Label Switching networks carrying QoS and best effort traffic. We consider off-line computation of the working and backup paths for the QoS traffic as well as the paths for the best effort traffic. Two cases of 1+1 and 1:1 path protection are considered. Our algorithms allow for control on the size of the label space for each router in the network and ensures that the created routes are loop free. In addition, explicit routes can be accommodated supporting both node and link affinity.
Cost-effective multicast approaches for time-critical applications in dynamic network environments
Authors: Li Xiaorong , Veeravalli Bharadwaj
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we address the issue of optimizing the per request cost and maximizing the number of requests that can be served by a networked system that demands staging of data at vantage sites. In order to provide a guaranteed Quality of Services, generation of multicast trees with end-to-end delay constraints is recommended to minimize the costs. Since such an issue has been proved to be NP-complete in a networked environment, we proposed two efficient and practically realizable heuristic algorithms, referred to as Source-Initiated Scheduling (SIS) algorithm and Client-Initiated Scheduling (CIS) algorithm to solve the problem in polynomial time. Both SIS and CIS algorithms judiciously combine the concept of QoS-constrained multicast routing and network caching, so that the copies of data to be staged can be dynamically cached in the network. These strategies are carefully designed to consider the underlying resource constraints imposed by the dynamic network environments, such as link bandwidth availability, data availability on the network, and the storage capabilities of a site. We analyze and quantify the performance under several influencing parameters such as link availability, cache capacity and the data availability. Simulation results show that both of the proposed algorithms are able to reduce the service cost and achieve a high acceptance ratio.
Interplay of Psychological Distress, Obesity, and Insomnia among Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Salma , Aupsory Afsana Rahman , Ahmed MD. Faisal , Abir Jonaed Mallik , Naly Farjana Nur , Mardia Mariam , Dilower Rim , Islam Touhidul
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a critical global health challenge, closely interlinked with obesity, insomnia, and psychological distress. In Bangladesh, rising urbanization and lifestyle changes exacerbate these conditions, yet limited research has explored their combined impact, particularly among hypertensive patients. This study investigates the interconnections between psychological distress, obesity, and insomnia among hypertensive patients in Bangladesh, aiming to identify risk factors and inform interventions for holistic health management.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2024, involving 739 hypertensive patients (400 males and 339 females) aged 18 and above. Data collection utilized a Personal Information Form, the Bengali Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6), and the Bangla Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height. Data were analyzed using SPSS, employing descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and regression analyses to examine associations.

RESULTS: The majority of participants (65.1%) experienced moderate psychological distress, with severe insomnia reported by 8.5%. Significant associations were found between psychological distress and socioeconomic status, education, and urban-rural residency (p < 0.05). Obesity and insomnia were strong predictors of distress, creating a bidirectional relationship.

CONCLUSION: Psychological distress significantly influences obesity and insomnia in hypertensive patients, highlighting the need for integrated mental health and lifestyle interventions. Addressing socio-economic and demographic disparities is critical for effective hypertension management in Bangladesh.
Comparison of induced proteins synthesized in hydrogen peroxide and near-ultraviolet -treated bacterial cells
Authors:   , Pierceall William E.
Published: December 2024

I examined whether bacterial protein synthesis regulation in response to near-ultraviolet radiation (NUV) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) occurs via common or separate biochemical pathways. My approach was to compare the proteins that were induced by the two agents, as well as the proteins that cease synthesis under these conditions, using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Also, specific comparisons were made of catalase (HPI and HPII) and superoxide dismutase (Fe2 + and Mn2 + ) following H2 O2 and NUV treatments by assaying one dimensional native disc gels after adding appropriate substrates and indicators. The strains compared were Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium wildtype, mutants constitutively overexpressing proteins controlled by the oxyR regulon, and deletion mutants of oxyR. In the oxyR mutants that overexpress specific proteins constitutively, 11 newly synthesized proteins were induced by H2 O2 in S. typhimurium and 14 in E.coli in the initial 50 minutes following treatment. Eight and seven proteins were induced by NUV in S. typhimurium and E. coli, respectively. Of the 11 H2O2 -- induced and eight NUV-induced proteins in S. typhimurium, only one was common to both treatments. Thus, 10 proteins were exclusively induced by H2 O2 and seven by NUV. In E. coli similar results were observed; five proteins were induced only by NUV and 12 only by H2 O2 , but two induced proteins were common to both NUV and H2 O2 treatments. In E. coli and S.typhimurium oxyR deletion mutants, no overlap of newly induced polypeptide synthesis was observed. Moreover, inductional differences were observed in catalase and superoxide dismutase synthesis rates between NUV and hydrogen peroxide treated cultures. Catalase HPI activity was elevated in response to hydrogen peroxide treatment but was unaffected by NUV irradiation. Also, NUV induces both sodA and sodB. Hydrogen peroxide stress may repress Fe2 + SOD and may result in slightly increased Mn2 + SOD activity levels. These results indicate that H2 O2 and NUV damages induce a few common proteins, but also some proteins that are unique to each. The results suggest that NUV damage and recovery is only partially under the control of the oxidative stress regulon.
Optimization applications in structural design
Authors:   , Yee Paul Lu
Published: December 2024

"The goal of the process of optimal structural design is to arrive recursively at better designs while maintaining safety and feasibility. Better is a generic term for lower cost or lower weight in most structures. Designers have intuitively arrived at workable methods that yield safe functional designs and indirectly in some cases minimize cost. A considerable research effort in structural optimization has been taking place in the past twenty years aimed at developing a large scale systematic methodology for performing optimization in the design of structural systems. Prior to this time, most of the optimum design philosophies and approaches were strongly influenced by studies on statically determinate structural systems subjected to one load condition and designed for adequate strength. The pioneering work of Schmit was largely responsible for the development of new directions and approaches in optimum design studies, particularly in including indeterminate systems, multiple load conditions and design constraints in addition to strength."--Introduction.
The impact of the internationalization of the yen on exports of selected agricultural commodities
Authors:   , Gabel Laura A.
Published: December 2024

"The yen-dollar exchange rate issue encompasses a wide variety of macroeconomic administrative factors including the budget deficit of the United States and the liberalization and internationalization of the Japanese financial system. The United States has maintained that Japan's role in the international financial system has not been commensurate with its position as a world economic and trading power and has expressed concern that Japan's restrictive financial policies inhibit the international use of the yen which adversely affects the yen-dollar exchange rate and further aggravates trade frictions between the two countries. Japan has conceded that further internationalization of the yen and liberalization of domestic financial markets is necessary if the underlying market strength of the yen is to be reflected in international markets. However, the Ministry of Finance has maintained that high U.S. interest rates stemming from the U.S. budget deficits are the major factors determining the yen-dollar exchange rate."--Introduction.
Catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide on lanthanum cobalt oxide and its strontium doped derivatives
Authors:   , Nzeogwu Okeleke
Published: December 2024

"In the last few years the quest for stable and active catalyst for the treatment of automotive exhaust and for electrocatalytic fuel cell has stimulated wide interest in rare earth perovskite compounds (1). Lanthanum cobalt oxide, LaCo0g3, as a member of this class of compounds has received particular attention due to its distinct structural, electronic and catalytic properties. Katzman et al. (2) has reported the use of LaCo03, as an inexpensive and really promising auto exhaust oxidation catalyst which can withstand tetracethyl lead and ethylene dibromide poisoning. It has also been reported (3) that strontium doped LaCo0g3 (La0.8Sr0.2Co03) rivaled platinum as an oxygen electrode and that La0.5Sr0.5Co03 performs as a nearly ideal reversible electrode in a 45 percent KOH aqueous electrolyte at 20 degreesC (4). Pederson and Libby (5) have reported that use of LaCoO3 as a good catalyst for hydrogenolysis and more recent studies (1) have investigated the possibility of tailoring the catalytic properties of these systems on the basis of their known solid state properties. The most interesting of these experimental reports was Kuo's (6) report on emission of visible light during catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide and oxygen on LaCo03 and its strontium doped derivatives. From this report it was envisioned that if the light emission could be confirmed and proved to be a function of the reaction rate, it is conceivable that at controlled high reaction rates, strong chemiluminescence could be produced to provide an inexpensive high intensity laser. From these ideas the major emphasis of the thesis originally, was to investigate the chemiluminescence and catalytic properties of LaCo03 and its strontium doped derivatives, La1-xSrsCo03. The electronic structure of the compound was investigated to establish probable explanations of the observed catalytic properties. However, it was subsequently observed that no luminescence can be identified during reaction and no observable conversion occurred at the reported temperatures (6). From these observations, the major objective of this research was redirected toward the possible identification and explanations of the opposing reports."--Introduction.
Structural optimization
Authors:   , Shih Hui-Ru
Published: December 2024

"Structural optimization may be defined in various ways. One definition could be the design and construction of a quality structure at the lowest cost. This definition often turns out to be inappropriate due to both the difficulty of giving a precise definition to cost and the dependence of the cost function on highly variable factors. In common practice the weight or volume of the structure is taken as the objective function. Therefore, in all further developments the objective of structural optimization will be to minimize the weight while maintaining high reliability and rigidity without failure. To ensure that failure will not occur, the stresses in any part of the structure and certain displacements should remain within specified limits. Also, no buckling should occur in any part of the structure, and in many cases the fundamental natural frequency of the structure must be considered, in order to avoid a resonance problem. Judging from this, in order to discuss the theory of structural optimization it is necessary to be able to analyse any structural configuration for these considerations. The finite element method will be used to obtain stresses, displacements, natural frequencies, and any other response quantities."--Introduction.
The morphological alteration of the olfactory epithelium associated with unilateral nare closure
Authors:   , Lin Paul Jih Jou
Published: December 2024

Unilateral nare closure for less than 6 weeks had no observable effects on the histology or OMP staining of- the olfactory epithelia. In contrast, unilateral nare closure for 2 and 3 months caused severe effects on the histology and OMP staining of the olfactory epithelia. In the rostral parts of these olfactory epithelia there was almost complete loss of olfactory receptor neurons and OMP staining. Unilateral nare closure for 2 and 3 months in adult mice caused severe effects on the histology and immunohistochemistry of the olfactory epithelia of the open side of the mouse. On the open side there appeared to be a disorganization of the epithelial structure, with almost complete loss of olfactory receptor neurons and replacement by a cuboidal--cell type of epithelium. In contrast, the olfactory epithelia on the closed sides and on both sides of mice with less than 2 month nare closures were histologically and immunohistochemically indistinguishable from untreated controls. In summary, within 6 weeks unilateral nare closure adult mice, no obvious differences could be detected between the two sides of the noses in histology and OMP staining. Between 2 and 3 months with one side closed, there were striking differences in olfactory epithelium.
Determining optimal resource allocation for smallholder farmers in the Western province of Zambia
Authors:   , Siisii Clara Namatama
Published: December 2024

"General background about Zambia: The purpose of this chapter is to give a brief general background about Zambia, in which the location, climate, the economy and recent agricultural performance and policies will be outlined. In addition, the problem statement, objectives of the analysis, and sequence of analysis will be discussed."--Page 1.
Economics of compensation in backgrounding systems to evaluate alternative beef production strategies
Authors:   , DeLano Fredrick D.
Published: December 2024

"Demand for beef is expanding and the United States cattle industry is growing rapidly. In a study of the livestock industry projected to 1930, Kamenidis and Rhodes estimate a 30 to 40 percent increase in cattle feeding in the corn belt which includes Missouri. This expected increase in cattle feeding will provide opportunity for developing cattle enterprises in Missouri. Missouri ranks ninth in all livestock production in the United States. Cattle and calves contribute more than 31 percent of the cash farm income in the state and easily ranks first as a contributor to farm income. Over 1,600,000 head of calves are born annually in Missouri, while only around 400,000 are put on feed. This number has stayed fairly constant over the past five years in Missouri while some other Midwest states have increased cattle feeding. The June 1972 cattle on feed report indicates the top four cattle feeding states in order are Texas (2,045,000), Iowa (1,819,000), Nebraska (1,363,000) and Kansas (1,150,000). The figures in parentheses are the number of head on feed June 1, 1972, and show increases from 3 to 22 percent over June 1, 1971 for these top four states. Continued demand for cattle to feed in these areas will provide a ready market for feeder cattle. Backgrounding is a term used to delineate the period in the production of beef from weaning until the calf is subjected to a high energy ration preparatory for slaughter. Backgrounding utilizes large amounts of roughage in wintering and grazing phases. Finley noted a favorable roughage balance existing in Missouri (surplus 560,000 tons) and projected this roughage surplus to increase more than three-fold by 1975. Backgrounding of cattle could utilize large amounts of Missouri's plentiful roughage balance. Many factors affect the profitability of backgrounding beef cattle. Among these factors is the "pace" or relative speed of approach to desired feeder weights. This "pacing" decision is a major concern in this thesis. While Missouri seemingly has potential for expanded backgrounding operations, this backgrounding function is not an inevitable part of the production of fed cattle. Research by animal scientists indicate calves can be full fed from weaning to slaughter involving only very limited amounts of roughage. And, a continued increase in cow numbers in Missouri (24 percent from 1966-1972) would provide increasing competition for available roughage."--Introduction.
Condensation heat transfer on a rotating cylinder
Authors:   , Su Ming-Shiang
Published: December 2024

"The mechanism of the vapor condensation on a cold surface was first mathematically formulated by Nusselt in 1916. Though many modifications of Nusselt's formulation have been introduced by other scientists later (see PREVIOUS WORK), his basic principle "The thermal resistance of the vapor condensation is on the condensate film" remains unchanged. When the condensation occurs naturally, the condensate is removed from the cold surface by gravitational flow alone. Since the gravitational force is invariant, some methods of removal of the condensate have to be appli ed in order to increase the condens ation rate beyond the natural occurance. There are four techniques as follows: 1. Mechanically removing the condensate by scraping or other techniques. 2. Imparting a large velocity of the vapor tangential to the surface to blow off the condensate. 3. Applying a high electrical potential to the condensate to pull off the condensate if the condensate is adielectric fluid. 4. Rotating the condenser surface to throw off the liquid by centrifugal force. The pioneer studies of the last method of condensate removal from tube have been done by Yamanaka, Birt et. al. and Yeh, Yamanaka studied condensation on a horizontal tube revolving about an axis parallel to the tube axis) Birt investigated condensation on a vertical tube rotating about its axis, and Yeh investigated condensation on a horizontal tube about its axis. Both Birt and Yeh's works were considered as developmental studies by Singer who tried an experimental verification of the mathematical model of condensate film behavior. In Singer's experimental investigation he did not obtain the data of the condensate film behavior directly from the experimental results, but from indirect calculation by means of Kuo's correlation for the inside film coefficient. Therefore, his results of the steam side film coefficient have been seriously affected by the improper use of Kuo's correlation, and it is still necessary to explore the behavior of the condensate film. In space, natural condensation becomes impossible due to the non-existance of gravity, hence centrifugal force may replace gravity. The practical aspects of this study may eventually be found in space science applications. Recently, vapor condensation in a turbo engine attracts the attention of many engineers. Condensation in a rotational system will probably become the key to the development of the antipollution engine in the near future."--Introduction.
Place names of six northeast counties of Missouri
Authors:   , Elliott Katherine
Published: December 2024

"Six counties, Marion, Shelby, Knox, Clark, Lewis, and Scotland, furnish the material for this thesis. In the lexioon which follows, we have sought to bring together as exhaustive a list of names as may be, with all information that could be discovered relating to their origin, and facts particularly interesting and important pertaining to their location and their history. The name-source, in a few cases, unfortunately remains unsolved. All such cases we have indicated by the asterisk; one, if there exists a conjecture only relative to the name; two, if the name remains wholly unsolved. Names we know have been lost. Too much time has elapsed for complete information to be secured. Chapters Two and Three enter into a classification of the names which we hope will prove illuminating to the student interested in such a study. There remains but to say that in no sense does this study make a pretense to being exhaustive. It has proved interesting, however, to the writer, and we hope may interest the reader equally well..."--Page v.
Students and politics in India : Parochialization and policization in a national university
Authors:   , Ray Anil Baran
Published: December 2024

"In brief, this study is divided into two parts. Part I traces the history of parochialization and politicization at BHU from pre-independence to the early postindependence years. Part II analyzes three cases of student agitations (1958, 1965, and 1968) to elaborate the themes of parochialization and politicization in BHU in recent years. The historical findings in Part I facilitate the comprehension of intra-mural and extramural political forces at work in BHU in recent years. This study hypothesizes that parochialization and politicization at BHU can be comprehended in terms of the following: 1. Hindu revivalism, a basis for the foundation of the University, led both to parochialization and politicization. Hindu groups, especially the RSS, are institutional manifestations of this process. 2 . The University has acted as a center for group politics centering around caste, language, and region. Political parties such as the Jana Sangh, SSP and CPI are involved, support their respective clients and thus use the University as a political platform. 3. Students are used as a pressure group by intra-mural groups and extra-mural political forces. The materials for Part I were drawn primarily from the documents relating to the founding and development of the University. The materials for Part II have been drawn mainly from newspapers, legislative debates, government reports, periodicals and books."--Page 20.
The centrique part : John Donne's Elegies
Authors:   , Johnson Jeffrey Stephens
Published: December 2024

"An extended study of the Elegies of John Donne is long overdue. Beyond such notable exceptions as "Going to Bed," "The Perfume," and "The Bracelet," the Elegies, overall, constitute a neglected area of Donne's canon. In particular, Donne's Elegies have suffered critically not only because they have so often been considered as poetic exercises that prepared Donne for his more highly acclaimed love poetry in the Songs and Sonets, but also because so much of the criticism concerning the Elegies focuses upon uncovering the specific sources of and the direct allusions to the particular Latin elegies from which Donne may have borrowed. As a result, the purpose of this study is to define the erotic elegy, in general, and to describe the literary tradition within which Donne's Elegies were written in order to discover both their adherence to and their departure from that tradition."--Preface.
Microbial desugarization of native and treated egg white
Authors:   , Ruangtrakool Bundit
Published: December 2024

Native egg white, lysozyme-reduced egg white, and the addition of iron, aluminum, and zinc chloride as substrates were used to study bacterial desugarization. Six bacteria were selected; Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and Streptococcus diacetylactis. Removal of 93 percent of the lysozyme permitted K. oxytoca and K. pneumoniae to grow more rapidly. Gram positive bacteria also grew better in lysozyme-reduced egg white than in native egg white. The addition of iron chloride to native egg white overcame its antimicrobial properties to L. casei. Desugarization was completed within 36 hr. Agarose isoelectric focusing, an electrophoretic technique with high resolution, was used to investigate the effect of bacterial desugarization on egg white proteins. Using Pharmalyte in the pH range of 4.0-6.5 proved appropriate for the separation of egg white proteins. Bacterial desugarization reduced the level of 3 proteins (pl = 5.09, 5.57, and 5.72) in egg white. Three forms of ovotransferrin and iron-ovotransferrin complexes were found when 0.36 mM iron chloride was added to egg white at pH 7.0. Zinc ions were loosely bound to ovotransferrin as indicated by the intensity of 3 zinc-ovotransferrin protein bands. Three metallic ions (ZnCI2 , FeCI3, and AICI3) were used at various pH and concentration levels to desugar egg white with K. oxytoca and L. casei. The growth of K. oxytoca in egg white containing iron chloride was primarily dependent on pH. Both the availability of free iron and the ability of L. casei to compete with ovotransferrin for iron appeared to be affected by pH. The concentration of iron needed to saturate ovotransferrin at pH 6.0 was 0.36 mM whereas saturation was achieved with about 1.44 mM of iron at pH 7.0. Thus, it was concluded that at the lower pH, the equilibrium was shifted toward the bound state. Combination of aluminum chloride and high pH had a positive affect on the growth of K. oxytoca . Zinc was toxic to K. oxytoca and L. casei at high concentration and at low pH.
FIBER FRACTION OF CABBAGE AND MUSTARD VEGETABLE WASTE SILAGE USING VARIOUS ADDITIVE SOURCES
Authors: Harahap Anwar Efendi , Adelina Triani , Handoko Jully , Permatasari1) Diah Ayu
Published: December 2024

Utilization of cabbage and mustard waste as an alternative to forage for livestock is one of the efforts in providing limited forage in the dry season in the form of silage. Additives can be added to improve the quality of the silage. This study aims to determine the quality of the fiber fraction contained in the silage of cabbage and mustard waste using a variety of different additive sources. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were, P1 (70% cabbage and mustard waste + 30% rice bran); P2 (70% cabbage and mustard waste + 30% corn flour); P3 (70% cabbage and mustard waste + 30% tapioca starch waste); P4 (70% cabbage and mustard waste + (30% rice bran + corn flour + tapioca starch waste)). Parameters observed included NDF, ADF, ADL, cellulose and hemicellulose content. The results of this study showed that the administration of different additives had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on decreasing the content of NDF, ADF and ADL, having a significant effect (P<0.05) on increasing the cellulose and hemicellulose content it conclude that the use of various additive sources reduces the content of NDF, ADF, and ADL and increase the content of hemicellulose and cellulose silage made from cabbage and mustard waste.
Intensity of Fall-Armyworm (Spodoptera litura Fabricius) pest attacks on Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens) plants in karst land
Authors: Handru Alan , Putri Diyona
Published: December 2024

Agriculture is an important sector in global food needs. One of the plants that has high economic value in Indonesia is cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens). However, the productivity of cayenne pepper is often threatened by pest attacks, one of which is the fall-armyworm (Spodoptera litura), which can cause significant damage to plants. In karst areas such as Ponjong village, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, pest management challenges become more complex due to unique environmental conditions. Karst has calcareous soil and limited water availability, which affects interactions between plants and pests. This research aims to understand the intensity of fall-armyworm attacks on cayenne pepper in karst areas and the environmental factors that influence these attacks. Using survey and field observation methods, this research found that the intensity of pest attacks varied in each plot, with an average percentage of plants attacked at 15.71%. High temperature, humidity and karst soil characteristics create an environment conducive to the development of fall armyworms. Therefore, an effective and sustainable control strategy is needed to support cayenne pepper productivity in karst areas.
EFFECTIVENESS OF BIOCHAR RESIDUE COMPOSITION AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON CAULIFLOWER CROPS
Authors: Jeni Magdalena , Widowati  , Fikrinda Wahyu
Published: December 2024

Degraded soil that loses many nutrients becomes unproductive and is therefore less suitable for agriculture. One of the efforts to improve degraded soil is by adding organic materials, such as biochar and cow manure. Biochar as a soil ameliorant has been proven to improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. When combined with manure, plants production will be much more optimal. This study aims to study the effects of biochar residue and cow manure in the second planting season on the growth and yield of cauliflower plants in paddy fields. The study was conducted in August - October 2023 in Lowokwaru District, Malang City. The study used a 1-factor Randomized Block Design (RBD) which was a mixture of biochar residue and cow manure consisting of 7 treatments, namely P0 (control), P1 (100% cow manure), P2 (100% biochar), P3 (80% biochar: 20% cow manure), P4 (60% biochar: 40% cow manure), P5 (40% biochar: 60% cow manure), P6 (20% biochar: 80% cow manure). Based on the results of the study, the treatment of biochar residue and cow manure had a positive effect on the growth and yield of cauliflower plants. The treatment of 60% biochar residue: 40% manure (P4) was the best treatment for harvest results, namely the best crop and leaf weight of 485.89 g, crop weight of 274.11 g and harvest yield of 7.57 tons/ha compared to the control of 5.54 tons/ha.
AWARENESS AND RESPONSE OF GAYO HIGHLANDS COFFEE FARMERS TOWARDS THE DYNAMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Baihaqi Akhmad , Agussabti Agussabti , Atikah Qhisthina , Ginting Aisyah Amira
Published: December 2024

Arabica coffee farmers in Central Aceh and Bener Meriah districts rely on income sources from Arabica coffee plantations which are very vulnerable to climate change. The perception of Arabica coffee farmers to understand the negative impacts caused by climate change and how the adaptation efforts carried out will determine the success of Arabica coffee farmers to survive developing their coffee plantations. The purpose of this study is to find out how the perception and adaptation of Arabica coffee farmers to climate change and how the relationship between the perception and adaptation variables. Purposive sampling, namely Arabica coffee farmers under the guidance of CV. Oro Kopi Gayo and KSU Sara Ate, as many as 67 farmers. The research data were analyzed descriptively quantitative with a Likert scale analysis tool and tested using the Spearman correlation. The results of the study showed that positive Arabica coffee farmers perception on climate change which means farmers know the issue of climate change and feel its effect
on Arabica coffee plants, especially the quality and productivity of Arabica coffee with knowledge indicator values of (78.12%), experience indicators (92.42%), and indicators of expectation (80.10%). However, adaptation made by farmers to climate change is still relatively low with a physical adaptation indicator value of (37.81%), environmental adaptation indicator of (47.19%), and institutional adaptation indicators of (32.18%). The relationship between perception and adaptation showed significance results of 0.838, which means the relationship between the perception and adaptation variables were not significant or meaningless.
Keywords: Climate Change, Perception, Adaptation, Farmers Arabica Coffee, Gayo Highlands
ANALYSIS OF THE PEOPLE'S PALM OIL FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK IN LANGKAT REGENCY
Authors: Aznur Tifany Zia , Hasibuan M. Fariz Afif , Wahyuni Ritna , Ginting Henrico
Published: December 2024

The oil palm plantation business in North Sumatra is the oldest and oldest oil palm agribusiness activity in Indonesia. However, there are still problems with palm oil commodities in North Sumatra, especially Langkat Regency. In the FFB marketing aspect, obstacles are faced, such as fluctuations in FFB prices at the farmer level and the length of trading channels that farmers have to go through before they reach the factory. This research aims to analyze the smallholder oil palm supply chain in Langkat Regency. The research was carried out in May - August 2024. The research used primary and secondary data. Determining respondents used non-probability sampling, namely the purposive sampling method for farmers with a total of 73 people and snowball sampling for trading institutions. The data analysis used is the food supply chain network (FSCN) to describe research descriptively based on the results of interviews with business actors, observations and checking documentation. The research results show that supply chain management has clear chain targets and structured chain members. There are two flow patterns in the smallholder oil palm supply chain in Langkat Regency. The flow pattern of the supply chain I: farmer – middleman – ramp – palm oil mill and the flow pattern of the supply chain II: farmer – middleman – palm oil mill. Analysis of marketing margins and farmers' share, it shows that the smallholder oil palm supply chain in channel II is more efficient than channel I because it has the lowest margin and the highest farmers' share
IT Leadership Strategies for High-Performance Teams
Authors: Sri Nikhil Annam
Published: December 2024

IT leadership is very crucial for the development and sustainability of high-performance teams. These rapid technological changes and shifting workplace dynamics create even more challenges for IT leaders as they develop into huge levels of teamwork, collaboration, and innovation. The authors consider the technical and managerial competencies, cultural dynamics, and emerging trends in IT leadership strategies to provide peak performance in teams. It amalgamates theoretical foundations, practical implementations, and tools to furnish actionable insights into how to foster high-performance IT teams.
Renal and Patient Outcomes of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Nephrology Practice: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Oruç Ayşegül , Ersoy Alparslan , Özkalemkaş Fahir , Yiğit Ayhan Elif , Akgür Suat , Ozkocaman Vildan , Yavuz Mahmut , Ali Rıdvan , Güllülü Mustafa , Dilek Kamil , Gul Bulent , Yıldız Abdülmecit
Published: December 2024

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is an alternative treatment approach for specific conditions in the nephrology field. TPE is utilized for the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis, anti-GBM disease, thrombotic microangiopathy syndromes, and acute kidney transplant rejection and as part of desensitization protocols in kidney transplant recipients. However, TPE indications are limited, efficacy remains a topic of debate. With this regard, we aimed to evaluate our clinical outcomes of TPE experience among non-transplant kidney diseases. Data from 36 patients (age 44.19±18.66 years; 20 females) underwent TPE were evaluated retrospectively. The number of TPE sessions, diagnosis, pre- and post-procedure laboratory results, vascular access routes, complications, and treatment responses were recorded retrospectively from the electronic file system. Overall, patients underwent an average of 7.42±3.77 TPE sessions. Vascular access was a central venous catheter for all. TPE indications were vasculitis (n: 10), thrombotic microangiopathy (n: 20), glomerulonephritis unresponsive to treatment (n: 4), and anti-phospholipid syndrome (n: 2). 25 patients required hemodialysis, and the dialysis requirement was resolved in 11 patients at the end of treatment. There were no reported serious adverse events. Regarding renal outcome, 10 had normal renal function, 9 had chronic kidney disease, and 10 were on chronic dialysis. Seven people died, 5 of whom required dialysis at the time of diagnosis. It has been observed that the TPE, which is used as an initial, complementary, or salvage treatment option depending on the underlying disease, gives a positive response in terms of kidney and patient survival in patients with favourable initial renal functions.
Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Öğretmenlerinin Eğitsel Medya Seçimi Kriterleri ve Sections Modeli ile Benzerlikleri
Authors: Medet Hacer Hicret , Yazıbaşı Muhammed Ali
Published: December 2024

Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Öğretmenleri kalıcılığı arttırmak, verimli öğrenmeyi sağlamak, öğrencilerin dikkatini çekmek gibi sebeplerle derslerinde eğitsel medya kullanmaktadır. Eğitsel Medya doğru zamanda doğru kişilerce doğru kişilere kullanıldığı sürece etkili olmaktadır. Bu sebeple eğitsel medya kullanımının öneminin yanında eğitsel medya seçimi de büyük öneme sahiptir. Tony Bates bu konuda eğitsel medya seçimi ve uygulamasını kapsayan birtakım kriter ve sorulardan oluşan Sections modelini tasarlamıştır. Bu model birtakım sorular ile öğretmenlerin eğitsel medya seçimini doğru ve etkili şekilde yapmalarını sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışma eğitsel medya seçiminde Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Öğretmenlerinin öncelik verdikleri hususları belirleyerek, bu hususların Sections modeli ile örtüştüğü noktaları ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi, durum çalışması deseni, yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat tekniği kullanılarak nitel bir yaklaşım benimsenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda örneklem grubunun eğitsel medya seçerken dikkat ettikleri öğrencinin hazır bulunuşluğu, dikkat çekiciliği, konuya uygunluk, kullanımının kolay olması kriterleri Sections modelinin öğrenci, kullanım kolaylığı ve öğretim süreci aşamaları ile benzer olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda katılımcıların ifadelerinden Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi öğretmenlerinin Tony Bates’ın belirlemiş olduğu eğitsel medya seçim rehberindeki bazı noktaları eğitsel medya seçimi için kullandığı sonucuna ulaşılabilir.
Інновації менеджменту як способу виживання в умовах воєнного стану
Authors: Батюк Б. Б.
Published: December 2024

У пропонованому дослідженні розглядається інноваційний менеджмент як спосіб виживання в умовах воєнного часу та розкрито загальні функціональні підходи в менеджменті. Властиво, новаторство розглядається автором як питома риса управління, що забезпечує всі етапи: від виникнення ідеї до її практичної реалізації. При цьому врахований також зв’язок між формуванням середовища інновацій та ресурсно-інвестиційною діяльністю. Ще однією ідеєю, висловленою в дослідженні, є та, що в складних воєнних умовах, де існує високий рівень невизначеності й непередбачуваності, як і змінності, лише інноваційно зорієнтований менеджмент здатен забезпечити флексибільність та адаптабельність у діяльності підприємства. Саме ці дві риси завжди вирізняли еволюційно життєздатні організми від нежиттєздатних, отже, з огляду на предмет викладу, виживання підприємств.

Ключові слова: інновація, менеджмент, ідея, середовище, діяльність, воєнний час.
ПРОБЛЕМНІ БАНКИ: СУТНІСТЬ ПОНЯТТЯ ТА ПРОЦЕС ЇХ ВИНИКНЕННЯ
Authors: Дзюба Павло
Published: December 2024

Мета статті полягає в удосконаленні підходів до розуміння економічного змісту поняття проблемного банку та структуруванні процесу формування проблемності для забезпечення попередження переходу банку до стану неплатоспроможності. Проаналізовано науково-методичні підходи до визначення проблемного банку та відзначено тенденцію до їхньої уніфікації. У зв’язку з нормативною різноманітністю критеріїв віднесення банків до категорії проблемних, запропоновано розглядати це поняття у широкому та вузькому розумінні, де останнє має більш конкретний фінансово-економічний характер. Для виділення стадій формування проблемності застосовано методологічний підхід щодо визначення послідовності розвитку кризових явищ у діяльності банківських установ. Охарактеризовано етапи потенційної, прихованої, відкритої та критичної проблемності. Обґрунтовано необхідність вдосконалення систем раннього виявлення проблем у діяльності банків.
РОЛЬ МАРКЕТИНГОВОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ В РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Беспалов Володимир , Фесюн Дмитро
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню ролі маркетингового потенціалу в розвитку підприємства. Проаналізовано визначення поняття маркетингового потенціалу, запропоновані українськими науковцями, та підкреслено його значення як ключової складової маркетингової діяльності. Встановлено, що на сучасному етапі значення маркетингу у підвищенні ефективності підприємств суттєво зросло, оскільки маркетинг став важливим інструментом адаптації до динамічного ринкового середовища. Особливу увагу приділено ролі маркетингового потенціалу як показника здатності підприємства ефективно використовувати ресурси, адаптуватися до змін, ідентифікувати ринкові можливості та досягати конкурентних переваг. Наголошено на необхідності поглибленого розуміння механізмів формування та використання маркетингового потенціалу для забезпечення сталого розвитку підприємств в умовах сучасної економіки.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ ДЛЯ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ТОЧНОСТІ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ПРОДАЖІВ У СФЕРІ ЦИФРОВОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА
Authors: Клименко Владислав
Published: December 2024

У статті описано впровадження інструментів штучного інтелекту для прогнозування продажів у сфері цифрового підприємництва. Наголошено на важливості точного прогнозування продажів як фактора успіху підприємств в умовах трансформації та діджиталізації економіки. Здійснено моніторинг сучасних досліджень щодо використання штучного інтелекту для прогнозування обсягів продажів та виявлено проблемні аспекти, що потребують подальшого вивчення. Описано практичний досвід впровадження системи прогнозування продажів на підприємстві ПАТ «Новий Стиль». Наведено етапи обробки даних та результати впровадження автоматизованої системи, що демонструють підвищення точності прогнозування та зниження трудомісткості процесу планування. Зазначено, що система проявила адаптивність до зовнішніх впливів, зокрема в умовах військових дій. Виявлено обмеження поточної реалізації та запропоновано напрямки удосконалення інструментів штучного інтелекту для прогнозування продажів.
МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ВІДХОДАМИ У КОНТЕКСТІ ЦИРКУЛЯРНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Кривенко Сергій
Published: December 2024

У статті розглядається актуальна проблема модернізації системи управління відходами у контексті циркулярної економіки. Доведено, що методологічною базою дослідження виступають концептуальні основи розвитку системи управління відходами, циркулярної та зеленої економіки. Висвітлено, основні принципи системи управління відходами і циркулярної економіки. Визначено проблемні питання, щодо можливості переходу від домінуючої у даний час лінійної моделі економіки до циркулярної. Наведено, що в сучасних умовах різні рівні «ієрархії» системи управління відходами складаються у єдину соціо-еколого-економічну та технологічну парадигму, де проблема відходів розглядається в більш широкому ресурсному контексті так званого «циркулярного ресурсного націоналізму». Запропоновано впровадження довгострокової стратегії дорожньої карти циркулярної економіки та цифрових технологій, які є визначальною передумовою щодо модернізації системи управління відходами.
МЕХАНІЗМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ В ПРОЦЕСІ ЗБУТОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Назаренко Сергій , Чорноус Олексій , Филик Андрій
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню механізмів управління ризиками в процесі збутової діяльності підприємств, що набуває особливої актуальності в умовах глобалізації, економічної нестабільності та зростаючої конкуренції. Розглянуто ключові фактори ризику, серед яких коливання попиту, сезонність, зміни законодавства, впровадження інноваційних технологій, а також фінансові, операційні, маркетингові та логістичні аспекти. Визначено, що ефективне управління ризиками є важливою складовою забезпечення конкурентоспроможності та стабільності підприємств. У статті систематизовано види ризиків збутової діяльності та запропоновано підходи до їх оцінювання й мінімізації. Особлива увага приділяється інтеграції цифрових технологій і сучасних маркетингових стратегіях у процес управління ризиками.