bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dextran Sulfate Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis by Regulating EZH2 in Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Yunning , Wang Wenjun , Xu Yuan-Yi , Guo Jiaxin , Jiao Longxing , Wang Honghong , Li Mengqi , Yang Qi
Published: September 2021

Background:

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies.
According to reports, the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) exhibits carcinogenic function
in a variety of cancers. Therefore, EZH2 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of
human cancer. Macromolecular Dextran Sulfate (DS) has been displayed to play a critical role in
tumor inhibition. However, the molecular mechanism by which DS mediates this effect is unclear.

Objectives:

In this study, we explored the effects of DS on the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric
cancer and the related mechanisms. Cell proliferation and counting assays, as well as cell
colony formation assays, revealed that DS inhibited the proliferation and tumorigenesis of GC
cells. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis displayed that DS blocked the cell cycle of GC cells in
the G1/S phase and promoted their apoptosis.

Methods:

Bioinformatics analyses, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, immunohistochemistry,
and other methods were applied to measure the expression of EZH2 in human GC cells and tissues.

Results and Discussion:

Further studies have shown that DS treatment can reduce the expression
of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and increase the level of the ratio of Bax: Bcl-2 protein
in GC cells. In addition, DS reduced EZH2 levels and increased CXXC finger protein 4 levels
both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, down-regulation of EZH2 with EZH2 inhibitors reversed the
inhibitory effect of DS on gastric cancer cells.

Conclusion:

Collectively, our work demonstrates that DS suppresses proliferation and promotes
apoptosis of GC cells by regulating EZH2. Our study suggests that DS is a promising therapeutic
compound for the treatment of GC.
Effects of Histone Modification in Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Wu Man-Si , Li Xiao-Juan , Liu Chen-Yue , Xu Qiuyue , Huang Jun-Qing , Gu Simeng , Chen Jia-Xu
Published: September 2021

:

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a disease associated with many factors; specifically,
environmental, genetic, psychological, and biological factors play critical roles. Recent studies have
demonstrated that histone modification may occur in the human brain in response to severely stressful
events, resulting in transcriptional changes and the development of MDD. In this review, we discuss
five different histone modifications, histone methylation, histone acetylation, histone phosphorylation,
histone crotonylation and histone β-hydroxybutyrylation, and their relationships with
MDD. The utility of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACis) for MDD treatment is also
discussed. As a large number of MDD patients in China have been treated with traditional Chineses
medicine (TCM), we also discuss some TCM therapies, such as Xiaoyaosan (XYS), and their effects
on histone modification. In summary, targeting histone modification may
Combining Evolution and Cancer Therapy: A Review of the Mathematical
Approach
Authors: Raghavendran Srikanth , Selvaraj Stalin , Suresh Sruthi
Published: September 2021

:

Conventional cancer therapy kills tumors by applying the maximum tolerable dose of
therapy. However, it leads to the development of tumoral heterogeneity and resistance, hence leading
to therapy failure and progression. It is necessary to design therapies keeping in mind the evolutionary
dynamics of tumors to minimize resistance and delay progression. Mathematical models
are of great importance in oncology as they assist in the recreation of the tumor microenvironment,
predict the outcomes of treatment strategies and elucidate fundamentals of tumor growth and resistance
development. The body of literature covering models which incorporate evolutionary dynamics
is vast. This paper provides an overview of existing models of “evolutionary therapy”, including
ordinary differential equations, fitness, and probability functions.
Expression of mTOR/70S6K Signaling Pathway in Melanoma Cancer
Cells and the Effects of Dacarbazine and Metformin
Authors: Javarsiani Marjan Hajimoradi , Javanmard Shagayegh Haghjooy , Sajedianfard Javad
Published: September 2021

Background:

Melanoma, also known as malignant melanoma, is a type of skin cancer
that develops from the pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes. Melanomas typically occur
in the skin but may rarely occur in the mouth, intestines or, eye. This study aims to examine the expression
of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/70S6K signaling pathway in melanoma
cancer.

Methods:

The B16F10 cell line treated with dacarbazine IC50 and different concentrations of metformin
(0.5, 2, and 8 mM) for 24 hr and mTOR and 70S6k proteins expression were examined by
western blotting. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay.

Results:

Western blot analysis showed that after different concentrations of metformin and dacarbazine
treatments, the mTOR and 70S6K protein expression significantly (P<0.05) decreased.

Conclusion:

Metformin-induced repression of mTOR/70S6k axis activity disrupts B16F10 growth.
Thus, we believe that combination therapy may be a suitable potential therapeutic target for melanoma
cancer.
Natural Products and Their Promise Against COVID 19: Review
Authors: Temraz Abeer , Abo-Elghiet Fatma , Alharbi Hanan M.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Since the beginning of medical history, plants have been exemplary
sources of a variety of pharmacological compounds that are still used in modern medication.

Respiratory infections are a serious and persistent global health problem, most acute and
chronic respiratory infections are caused by viruses, whose ability to mutate rapidly may result
in epidemics and pandemics, as seen recently with MERS-COV (2012) and SARS-COV-2
(2019), the latter causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods:

This study aims to highlight the tremendous benefits of plants that have been widely
used as dietary supplements or traditional treatment for various respiratory infections, with a
focus on the most effective constituents and studies that revealed their activities against
COVID-19.

Results:

Several traditional plants and their phytoconstituents have shown activity against respiratory
viruses, including SARS-COV-2. The presented plants are Nigella sativa, Punica
granatum, Panax ginseng, Withania somnifera, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Curcuma longa, Zingiber
officinale, Camellia sinensis, Echinacea purpurea, Strobilanthes cusia, Stephania tetrandra,
and genus Sambucus.

Conclusion:

The data discussed in this review can encourage carrying out in-vivo studies that
may help in the discovery of herbal leads that can be feasibly used to alleviate, prevent or treat
COVID-19 infection.
Nanoencapsulation of Polyphenols as Drugs and Supplements for Enhancing
Therapeutic Profile - A Review
Authors: Shaikh Mohd. Farooq , Ansari Mohammed Tahir , Khatoon Saima , Kalam Nida , Hasnain M Saquib , Hafiz Aurangzeb Khurram
Published: September 2021

:

Polyphenolic phytoconstituents have been widely in use worldwide since ages and are categorised as secondary metabolites of plants. The application of polyphenols such as quercetin, resveratrol. curcumin as nutritional supplement has been researched widely. The use of polyphenols, and specifically quercetin for improving the memory and mental endurance have shown significant effects among rats. Even though similar results has not been resonated among human but encouraging preclinical results have encouraged researchers to explore other polyphenols to study the effects as supplements among athletes. The phytopharmacological research has elucidated the use of natural polyphenols to prevent and treat various physiological and metabolic disorders owing to its free radical scavenging properties, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immunomodulatory effects. In spite of the tremendous pharmacological profile, one of the most dominant problem regarding the use of polyphenolic compounds is their low bioavailability. Nanonization is considered as one of the most prominent approaches among many. This article aims to review and discuss the molecular mechanisms of recently developed nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems for polyphenols and its application as drugs and supplements. Nanoformulations of natural polyphenols are bioactive agents, such as quercetin, kaempferol, fisetin, rutin, hesperetin, and naringenin epigalloccatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, curcuminoids and stilbenes is expected to have better efficacy. These delivery systems are expected to provide higher penetrability of polyphenols at cellular levels and exhibit a controlled release of the drugs. It is widely accepted that natural polyphenols do demonstrate significant therapeutic effect. However, the hindrances in their absorption, specificity and bioavailability can be overcome using nanotechnology.
Metal Nanoparticles: Ligand-Free Approach Towards Coupling Reactions
Authors: Mengane Sharwari K. , Wu Ronghui , Ma Liyun , Panse Chhaya S. , Vajekar Shailesh N. , Patil Aniruddha B.
Published: September 2021

:

Catalysis is a multidisciplinary field involving areas of organometallic chemistry, material
science and engineering. It finds use in the synthesis of various industrially applicable compounds,
such as fuels and fine chemicals. The activity and selectivity are fundamental issues to be
dealt with in catalysis, which are associated with the high surface area. Current research activities
primarily deal with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Although homogeneous and heterogeneous
catalysis have been well researched, they have certain drawbacks that need to be overthrown
for their wider applications. Therefore, it is imperative to find a catalytic protocol that would
lead to higher selectivity and exemplary product yield with quick and easy retrieval. Along with
being an alternative to conventional bulk materials, nanomaterials have further established their caliber
into various industrial and scientific applications. Nanocatalysis has emerged as an advanced
substitute for conventional homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. The nanomaterials are accountable
for intensifying the surface area of a catalyst, ultimately resulting in an increase in the
catalyst reactants' contacts. Furthermore, it enacts as a robust component providing high surface
area like a heterogeneous catalyst. Nanoparticles can be yielded out of a reaction medium due to
their insoluble behaviour, and thus, as catalysts, they can be retracted easily from the product.
Hence, it has been proven that nanocatalysts enact as both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts,
functioning as a bridge between the conventional catalytic systems. Considering these merits,
researchers have tried to intensively study the applications of nanocatalysts in numerous organic
reactions. This review article focuses on the catalytic applications of metal nanoparticles (MNPs),
such as Pd, Ag, Au, Cu, Pt, in ligand-free coupling reactions. Also, it covers the applications of bimetallic
and multimetallic nanoparticles in ligand-free coupling reactions.
Views on Using Social Robots in Professional Caregiving: Content Analysis of a Scenario Method Workshop
Authors: Busse Theresa Sophie , Kernebeck Sven , Nef Larissa , Rebacz Patrick , Kickbusch Ilona , Ehlers Jan Peter
Published: September 2021

Background

Interest in digital technologies in the health care sector is growing and can be a way to reduce the burden on professional caregivers while helping people to become more independent. Social robots are regarded as a special form of technology that can be usefully applied in professional caregiving with the potential to focus on interpersonal contact. While implementation is progressing slowly, a debate on the concepts and applications of social robots in future care is necessary.

Objective

In addition to existing studies with a focus on societal attitudes toward social robots, there is a need to understand the views of professional caregivers and patients. This study used desired future scenarios to collate the perspectives of experts and analyze the significance for developing the place of social robots in care.

Methods

In February 2020, an expert workshop was held with 88 participants (health professionals and educators; [PhD] students of medicine, health care, professional care, and technology; patient advocates; software developers; government representatives; and research fellows) from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. Using the scenario methodology, the possibilities of analog professional care (Analog Care), fully robotic professional care (Robotic Care), teams of robots and professional caregivers (Deep Care), and professional caregivers supported by robots (Smart Care) were discussed. The scenarios were used as a stimulus for the development of ideas about future professional caregiving. The discussion was evaluated using qualitative content analysis.

Results

The majority of the experts were in favor of care in which people are supported by technology (Deep Care) and developed similar scenarios with a focus on dignity-centeredness. The discussions then focused on the steps necessary for its implementation, highlighting a strong need for the development of eHealth competence in society, a change in the training of professional caregivers, and cross-sectoral concepts. The experts also saw user acceptance as crucial to the use of robotics. This involves the acceptance of both professional caregivers and care recipients.

Conclusions

The literature review and subsequent workshop revealed how decision-making about the value of social robots depends on personal characteristics related to experience and values. There is therefore a strong need to recognize individual perspectives of care before social robots become an integrated part of care in the future.
Examining the Validity of Mobile-based Nutrient Assessment Tools for Chinese Patients with Diabetes (Preprint)
Authors: Jiang Qianzhi , He Zeyi , Chen Qiong , Jing Haojia
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Chinese patients with diabetes do not receive adequate education in dietary management to control blood glucose. Technology-based tools can help them track their dietary intake. However, limited research examined mobile dietary tracking tools with dish-based composition database for Chinese populations.

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed to examine the validity of mobile-based nutrient analysis tools against nutrient analysis conducted by dietitians on assessment of Chinese dishes.

METHODS

Registered Dietitian (RD)-performed nutrient analysis was used as the reference. Two mobile-based nutrient analysis tools were selected for the comparison: BD Diabetes Health Coach (an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Coach developed in the current study upon a dish composition database) and Boohoo App (a popular open-access dietary tracking tool in China). Both RDs and mobile-based tools conducted nutrient analysis of the same dishes commonly consumed in China regarding total calories, carbohydrate, fat, and protein content. Descriptive statistics were analyzed. Paired t-tests, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, linear regression and Bland-Altmanwere used to compare results between the RDs and the mobile tools.

RESULTS

Strong positive correlations between AI Coach- and RD-performed analyses results and moderate positive correlations between Boohoo-performed and RD-performed analyses results were observed for energy and all macronutrients. Bland-Altman plots showed small bias and narrow limit of agreement between AI Coach- and RD-performed analyses, indicating AI Coach-performed analysis is comparable to RD-performed analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

The AI Coach tool developed in the current study supported by a dish composition database consisting of commonly consumed Chinese dishes was an effective alternative to dietitians in total calorie and macronutrient analysis. This is promising in helping patients with diabetes manage blood glucose through dietary tracking.
Soluble Klotho and Incident Hypertension
Authors: Drew David A. , Katz Ronit , Kritchevsky Stephen , Ix Joachim H. , Shlipak Michael G. , Newman Anne B. , Hoofnagle Andrew N. , Fried Linda F. , Sarnak Mark , Gutiérrez Orlando M. , Semba Richard D. , Neyra Javier A.
Published: September 2021

Background and objectives

Hypertension is associated with significant morbidity and mortality despite effective antihypertensive therapies. Soluble klotho is a circulating protein that in preclinical studies is protective against the development of hypertension. There are limited studies of klotho and blood pressure in humans.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Within the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study, a cohort of well-functioning older adults, soluble klotho was measured in serum. We evaluated the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between klotho and blood pressure, prevalent hypertension, incident hypertension, and BP trajectories. Analyses were adjusted for demographics, cardiovascular disease and kidney disease risk factors, and measures of mineral metabolism including calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, 25(OH) vitamin D, and fibroblast growth factor 23.

Results

The median klotho concentration was 630 pg/ml (478–816, 25th to 75th percentile). Within the cohort, 2093 (76%) of 2774 participants had prevalent hypertension and 476 (70%) of the remaining 681 developed incident hypertension. There was no association between klotho and prevalent hypertension or baseline systolic BP, but higher klotho was associated with higher baseline diastolic BP (fully adjusted β=0.92 mmHg, 95% confidence interval, 0.24 to 1.60 mmHg, higher per two-fold higher klotho). Higher baseline serum klotho levels were significantly associated with a lower rate of incident hypertension (fully adjusted hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.69 to 0.93 for every two-fold higher klotho). Higher klotho was also associated with lower subsequent systolic BP and diastolic BP (−0.16, 95% confidence interval, −0.31 to −0.01, mmHg lower systolic BP per year and −0.10, 95% confidence interval, −0.18 to −0.02, mmHg lower diastolic BP per year, for each two-fold higher klotho).

Conclusions

Higher klotho is associated with higher baseline diastolic but not systolic BP, a lower risk of incident hypertension, and lower BP trajectories during follow-up.
The Sword Hanging High—Discussion on the Enlightenment of the “Piercing the Corporate Veil” System to Company Operation and Its Effects
Authors: Xiao Luo , Chen Jun
Published: September 2021

“Piercing the corporate veil” system is a subversion and exception to the company’s independent personality system and the shareholder limited liability system, but these two are dialectically unified, which are like two sides of a coin. Enriching and improving the legal person system can pave a smooth way for the construction of a fair and legal business environment. Through case study, analysis and comment, this article will explore what enlightenment and guiding role “piercing the corporate veil” system has in corporate operation, and how to ring the alarm to operators and shareholders. Through case study and review, this article summarizes the practical effects of “piercing the corporate veil” system, and help readers have a deeper understanding of the important status of this system.
Analysis of Load Reduction of Floating Wind Turbines Using Passive Tuned Mass Dampers
Authors: Ahmad Aabas
Published: September 2021

Abstract: An efficient method for restraining the large vibration displacements and loads of offshore floating wind turbines under harsh marine environment is proposed by putting tuned mass dampers in the cabin. A dynamics model for a barge-type offshore floating wind turbine with a fore–aft tuned mass damper is established based on Lagrange’s equations; the nonlinear least squares Leven berg–Marquardt algorithm is employed to identify the parameters of the wind turbine; different parameter optimization methods are adopted to optimize tuned mass damper parameters by considering the standard deviation of the tower top longitudinal displacement as the objective function. Aiming at five typical combined wind and wave load cases under normal running state of the wind turbine, the dynamic responses of the wind turbine with/without tuned mass damper are simulated and the suppression effect of the tuned mass damper is investigated over the wide range of load cases. The results show that when the wind turbine vibrates in the state of damped free vibration, the standard deviation of the tower top longitudinal displacement is decreased approximately 60% in 100 s by the optimized tuned mass damper with the optimum tuned mass damper mass ratio 1.8%. The standard deviation suppression rates of the longitudinal displacements and loads in the tower and blades increase with the tuned mass damper mass ratio when the wind turbine vibrates under the combined wind and wave load cases. When the mass ratio changes from 0.5% to 2%, the maximum suppression rates vary from 20% to 50% correspondingly, which effectively reduce vibration responses of the offshore floating wind turbine. The results of this article preliminarily verify the feasibilities of using a tuned mass damper for restraining vibration of the barge-type offshore floating wind turbine
PICA Herramientas para el abordaje de la convivencia. Reflexiones y estrategias para trabajar la convivencia en espacios educativos.
Authors: Mels Cindy , Cuevasanta Diego , Lagoa Leticia , Collazzi Gabriela
Published: September 2021

Convivir con otros implica la construcción de vínculos sociales que remiten al apoyo, la colaboración, la solidaridad y la pertenencia. A la vez, conlleva manejar la diversidad, diferencias y desacuerdos, elementos inherentes a la convivencia que suponen una oportunidad para aprender y generar las condiciones para convivir mejor.
Examination and optimization of lignocellulolytic activity of Stereum gausapatum F28 on beechwood sawdust supplemented with molasses stillage
Authors: Jovic Jelena , Hao Jian , Mojovic Ljiljana
Published: September 2021

This study provides a detailed analysis of the lignocellulolytic activity of a new isolate Stereum gausapatum F28, a Serbian autochthonous fungi, on beechwood sawdust supplemented with cheap waste, sugar beet molasses stillage. Advanced multiple response optimization techniques were applied to improve ligninolytic and reduce hydrolytic activity as a requirement for potential biorefinery use. The applied techniques were supposed to select cultivation conditions that would give manganese peroxidase and laccase activities above 0.84 and 0.12 U g-1 substrate, respectively, and cellulase and xylanase activities below 1.12 and 1.4 U g-1 substrate. The optimal cultivation conditions that met the set requirements included molasses stillage concentration of 10 %, substrate moisture content of 53 %, incubation temperature of 23.5 ?C, and pH 5.2. The research showed that the addition of molasses stillage had a positive effect on enzyme production and that the optimal stillage concentration differed depending on the enzyme type (for laccase it was <5 %, manganese peroxidase ?12 %, cellulase ?21 % and xylanase ?16 %), which should be taken into consideration when optimizing the desired process.
The Relation between Internal Forecasting Sophistication and Accounting Misreporting
Authors: Kroos Peter , Schabus Mario , Verbeeten Frank H. M.
Published: September 2021

We examine the association between internal forecasting sophistication and end-of-the-year accounting misreporting. We draw on survey data from investment center managers of Dutch companies. Consistent with our hypothesis, results suggest that more sophisticated internal forecasting allows firms to reduce their costly accounting misreporting, as these firms make more accurate projections and create contingency plans such that they can revise operational plans in a more appropriate and timely manner. Cross-sectional analyses reveal that the benefits in terms of greater forecasting capabilities can vary across conditions. We find that investments in internal forecasting are less effective in reducing the demand for misreporting when environmental volatility is high, when capital market pressure to meet expectations is comparably high, and when within-firm information asymmetry is high. The paper especially speaks to the planning role of budgeting and forecasting, as opposed to the relatively more extensively studied evaluation and incentive role.

JEL Classifications: M12; M41.
Syntaxin 4 Enrichment in β-Cells Prevents Conversion to Autoimmune Diabetes in Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mice
Authors: Oh Eunjin , McCown Erika M. , Ahn Miwon , Garcia Pablo A. , Branciamore Sergio , Tang Shanshan , Zeng De-Fu , Roep Bart O. , Thurmond Debbie C.
Published: September 2021

Syntaxin 4 (STX4), a plasma membrane–localized SNARE protein, regulates human islet β-cell insulin secretion and preservation of β-cell mass. We found that human type 1 diabetes (T1D) and NOD mouse islets show reduced β-cell STX4 expression, consistent with decreased STX4 expression, as a potential driver of T1D phenotypes. To test this hypothesis, we generated inducible β-cell–specific STX4-expressing NOD mice (NOD-iβSTX4). Of NOD-iβSTX4 mice, 73% had sustained normoglycemia vs. <20% of control NOD (NOD-Ctrl) mice by 25 weeks of age. At 12 weeks of age, before diabetes conversion, NOD-iβSTX4 mice demonstrated superior whole-body glucose tolerance and β-cell glucose responsiveness than NOD-Ctrl mice. Higher β-cell mass and reduced β-cell apoptosis were also detected in NOD-iβSTX4 pancreata compared with pancreata of NOD-Ctrl mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that islets from NOD-iβSTX4 had markedly reduced interferon-γ signaling and tumor necrosis factor-α signaling via nuclear factor-κB in islet β-cells, including reduced expression of the chemokine CCL5; CD4+ regulatory T cells were also enriched in NOD-iβSTX4 islets. These results provide a deeper mechanistic understanding of STX4 function in β-cell protection and warrant further investigation of STX4 enrichment as a strategy to reverse or prevent T1D in humans or protect β-cell grafts.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Ketrampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn
Authors: Kartika I Made , Angga Mahendra Putu Ronny , Awa Viane
Published: September 2021

The problem at SMK Dwijendra Denpasar in PPKn is that students are less active in critical thinking and less active in expressing opinions. The success in PPKn learning lies in the use of the learning model. The problem-based learning model has specifications that can train students to actively think critically in solving problems, and dare to express opinions. The purpose of this research is to determine the application of problem-based learning models to improve students 'critical thinking skills in PPKn subjects and to find out the obstacles in applying problem- based learning models to improve students' critical thinking skills in PPKn subjects. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The research location is at SMK Dwijendra Denpasar. Observation data collection techniques, and documentation. Data analysis was performed using an interactive data analysis model that was carried out through the process of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions / verification. The results of the study showed that the application of problem-based learning model based on problems to improve students' critical thinking skills in Pancasila and civics education subjects had been implemented in accordance with the learning implementation plan. The application of problem-based learning models to improve students 'critical thinking skills improves students' critical thinking skills, increases student learning activities, and increases responsibility attitudes. Obstacles in the application of the based learning model are less learning time, less education to be a good facilitator at the group guidance stage, and to students who are less active in group discussions. The suggestion that can be given is that the school needs to conduct socialization so that it is more optimal for the application of problem-based learning models, for teachers to be more able to increase creativity in the use of learning models, to be more efficient in the time available during the teaching and learning process, as well as during the learning process. actively guiding students in group discussions.
Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Perbatasan Sebagai Tolak Ukur Efektivitas Keadilan di Indonesia
Authors: Yudiarta Wiguna Gede , Safa’ati Rohmah Siti , Indira Syahrani Putri Gusti Ayu
Published: September 2021

This article was written with the aim of discussing the situation of the people who live on the borders of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, which are classified as far from the reach of the government regarding justice and justice. The lack of concern for the conditions of life in the border region is a rebellion which has an effect on the sense or spirit of people's nationalism towards their own homeland. The method used in this article is a case study type qualitative approach. This article explains the definition of justice obtained from accountable sources and in this article discusses the conditions and situations of the people who live in the border area as a measure for the realization of equitable justice and justice. This article can later be used as a reference in realizing the welfare and justice of communities in border areas.
Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Kasus Vaksin Palsu Dalam Perspektif Undang-Undang
Authors: Greacy Geovanie David , Reza Arya Dana Kadek Bobby
Published: September 2021

This research aims to explain the form of government responsibility as health providers are subject to the circulation of fake vaccines, the form of responsibility of business pelau (producers) against fake vaccine victims. The benefits of this research consist of theoretical benefits and practical benefits. The method used is normative. Results pembahsan is a form of government responsibility as health penyenggra against the circulation of fake vaccines is to do coaching and supervision in the framework of consumer protection. The liability of business actors against fake vaccine victims can be done by way of refund, replacement of goods and / or services of a similar or equivalent value, as well as health care and / or providing compensation in accordance with applicable laws and regulations
Comparative Study of Manakib Nurul Burhani Book with Jawahirul Maani and The Teachings of Sufism in the Book Hagiography
Authors: Fuadi Moh Ashif
Published: September 2021

Most of the people, especially nahdliyin residents, still follow the practice of manakib Sheikh Abdul Qadir al-Jailani. They do this to obtain the blessings of life. There are two most significant mainstream works in the reading of manakib, and the first is the book Nurul Burhani by K.H. Muslih Mranggen, and the second is the book of Jawahirul Ma’ani by K.H. Jauhari Umar Pasuruan. Each is read by many practitioners of manakib, which basically explains the biography of Abdul Qadir al-Jailani. This research is a comparative study of the historical two books by the method of library study. The results of this study are that books with each other have similarities and differences, even similarities in the content and editorial side. In a historical review, the authorship of the book influences by the experiences of different authors. Nurul Burhani’s book consists of eight parts, while the book of Jawahirul Ma’ani has ten features. Each has a lot in common in the teachings of Sufism that Always act on the truth, a figure is always connected with God at the time of dhikr and live the laws of God and be founded the teaching of Sufism like mujahadah, riyadhah, wara’, zuhud, khauf, qona’ah, sabar, syukur, muraqabah.
Peningkatan Kinerja Guru di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto
Authors: Muzayanah Afifah
Published: September 2021

This study aims to describe the improvement of teacher's performance in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto Banyumas Regency, as well as its implications to the quality of education improvement.This research is a qualitative descriptive. This research was conducted in places named SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto. The subjects of the study were head of sekolah, vice principal of sekolah, and sekolah teacher. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques were interactive models consist of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. Test the validity of data was triangulation. The results of this research were a) the improvement of teacher's performance in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto was good and effective. This can be seen from the various efforts or steps that have been done by the educational institutions. The improvement of teacher's performance in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto was done by coaching and developing teacher profession and career, both in the form of education and training, and non-training. Meanwhile, SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto conducted several programs and teacher upgrading activities in the form of seminars and workshops, MGMP, seeking new information independently, improving teachers' welfare and educational supervision, b) the improvement of teacher performance in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto has implication on education quality. This was realized with teachers always make learning plans, use varied learning methods and take into account the condition of learners before using certain methods in teaching and learning, and creating a conducive classroom climate. Effective and efficient learning can improve student achievement and the realization of quality education.
Applying a gendered lens to understanding self-reported changes in alcohol and cannabis consumption during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, September to December 2020
Authors: Hill MacEachern Kate , Venugopal Jeya , Varin Mélanie , Weeks Murray , Hussain Nousin , Baker Melissa M.
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Increased alcohol and cannabis consumption and related harms have been reported since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Existing evidence shows that substance use and related harms differ by gender. Yet, no Canadian study has applied a gendered lens to alcohol and cannabis consumption use during this time. Our objectives were to (1) provide gender-specific prevalence estimates of self-reported increased alcohol and cannabis use; and (2) examine gender-specific associations between sociodemographic and mental health variables and alcohol and cannabis use.

Methods

Using data from the Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health, we calculated nationally representative, gender-specific prevalence estimates and disaggregated them by sociodemographic and mental health variables. Four logistic regression models were used to assess the likelihood of self-reported increased alcohol and cannabis use.

Results

The prevalence of self-reported increase in alcohol use (16.2% women; 15.2% men) and cannabis use (4.9% women; 5.8% men) did not differ by gender. For both genders, income, racialized group membership, working in the past week, being a parent/legal guardian of a child aged under 18 and screening positive for depression and anxiety were associated with increased alcohol use. Men and women who were between the ages of 18 to 44, screened positive for depression, or both, were more likely to report increased cannabis use. For women, education was significantly associated with increased alcohol use. For men, being a parent/legal guardian was significantly associated with lower odds of increased cannabis use.

Conclusion

Sociodemographic factors, as well as depression and anxiety, were similarly associated with increased alcohol and cannabis use for both men and women in the second wave of the pandemic.
Suicide ideation in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Liu Li , Capaldi Colin A. , Dopko Raelyne L.
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Many Canadians report decreased mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, and concerns have been raised about possible increases in suicide. This study investigates the pandemic’s potential impact on adults’ suicide ideation.

Methods

We compared self-reported suicide ideation in 2020 versus 2019 by analyzing data from the Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health (11 September to 4 December 2020) and the 2019 Canadian Community Health Survey. Logistic regression was conducted to determine which populations were at higher risk of suicide ideation during the pandemic.

Results

The percentage of adults reporting suicide ideation since the pandemic began (2.44%) was not significantly different from the percentage reporting suicide ideation in the past 12 months in 2019 (2.73%). Significant differences in the prevalence of recent suicide ideation in 2020 versus 2019 also tended to be absent in the numerous sociodemographic groups we examined. Risk factors of reporting suicide ideation during the pandemic included being under 65 years, Canadian-born or a frontline worker; reporting pandemic-related income/job loss or loneliness/isolation; experiencing a lifetime highly stressful/traumatic event; and having lower household income and educational attainment.

Conclusion

Evidence of changes in suicide ideation due to the pandemic were generally not observed in this research. Continued surveillance of suicide and risk/protective factors is needed to inform suicide prevention efforts.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ САМОЧУВСТВИЕ СОТРУДНИКОВ ЮФУ: АНАЛИЗ ВОВЛЕЧЕННОСТИ И УДОВЛЕТВОРЕННОСТИ (2020-2021 гг.)
Authors: Михалкина Елена , Скачкова Людмила , Дюжиков Сергей , Шевченко Инна , Тарасенко Лариса , Астоянц Маргарита
Published: September 2021

В данной работе представлены результаты двух этапов исследования соци-

ально-профессионального самочувствия сотрудников Южного федерального уни-

верситета, проведенных в 2019-2020 гг и 2020-2021гг. Результаты исследования

интерпретируются индикаторами уровня вовлеченности (дополнительных усилий

на рабочем месте в академической сфере, участие в реализации программ разви-

тия), индикаторами профессионального самочувствия (удовлетворенность рабо-

той в университете, удовлетворенность системой оплаты труда и социальными

льготами, удовлетворенность рабочим графиком и условиями труда, удовлетво-

ренность программами обучения сотрудников), индикаторами социального само-

чувствия (удовлетворенность отношениями в коллективе, оценка выполнения

условий социально-трудовых отношений, оценка реализации возможностей ком-

муникации, оценка социального благополучия), а также индикаторами психоло-

гического самочувствия (удовлетворенность жизнью в целом и уровень счастья

академических работников, оценка стресса, оценка баланса между работой и лич-

ной жизнью, оценка психологического комфорта). Данные исследовательские ре-

зультаты будут интересны с позиции принятия управленческих решений и разра-

ботки комплексной системы мотивации сотрудников университета
The meaning and importance of digitalization in criminology
Authors: Tileubergenov Yerazak Manapovich , Rakhmetulina Bagdat Saginganovna , Nauryzbayev Yerlan Amangeldievich , Sokova Anara Turgunovna
Published: September 2021

This article examines the importance and features of digitalization in modern criminology. Various approaches to understanding the terms "information", "digital information" and "electronic media" are considered and updated. In addition, the normative legal acts concerning the digitalization and normalization of legal science and practice are analyzed. The authors propose new approaches to the modernization of criminal and criminal procedure legislation. The authors reveal the essence of the terms "digital information", "electronic-digital information" and "computer information" designating them with identical concepts and indicate their equivalent meaning in criminology According to the authors, the need to consider and further study digitalization in criminology is due to the rapid development of information technologies and their widespread use in criminal activities.
Benefits and drivers of inclusive human capital development
Authors: Kosorukova Irina Vyacheslavovna , Kukharenko Olesya Gennadievna , Orekhov Viktor Dmitrievich , Piel Helena , Karanashev Anzor Khasanbievich
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to analyze the benefits and drivers of economic transformation through the development of human capital using inclusive principles. The study is a continuation of a series of works on modeling the system of labor activity using the factors of knowledge, education, and human capital.  The research methodology includes both quantitative studies of the impact of knowledge and education on economic dynamics, and qualitative studies of the benefits and forces that promote and counteract fruitful inclusive changes. According to the analysis of the field of forces, the factors that counteract inclusive socio-economic changes (educational differentiation, the desire to have wealth and power) have, in general, high strength. The forces that contribute to change are relatively less powerful, but more numerous, which allows counting on the successful implementation of positive inclusive changes.
Tools for the development of the regional system of secondary vocational education
Authors: Plekhova Iuliia Olegovna , Anikiets Alexander Alekseevich , Chastnov Kirill Sergeevich , Garanina Alyona Alexandrovna , Ludushkina Elena Nikolaevna
Published: September 2021

Based on the analysis of the problems that restrain the development of secondary vocational education, the article proposes tools for the development of the regional secondary vocational education system, the use of which will contribute not only to improving the quality of secondary vocational education in the region but to the socio-economic development of districts by creating new jobs and launching of new industries. Special attention has been paid to the creation of the Secondary Vocational Education Development Fund, which finances projects aimed at updating the material and technical base, expanding human resources, and also establishes partner companies at colleges.
The Effects of Incentive Systems and Organizational Culture on Strategy Surrogation
Authors:   University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, United States, Akinyele Kazeem Olalekan
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of an important aspect of an organizational context, specifically organizational culture, and different types of compensation schemes on strategy surrogation. Strategy surrogation occurs when managers focus on the measures in the strategic performance measurement systems (SPMS) on which they are compensated and completely or partially lose focus on the overall strategic objectives of the organization. This study utilized a 2x2 between-participants experimental design that manipulates organizational culture (controldominant vs. flexibility-dominant) and the type of compensation scheme (fixed pay vs. pay-for-performance). The study was conducted online with 80 participants from the Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) as proxies for managers. The results show that employees operating under a controldominant culture do not surrogate more than employees operating under a flexibility-dominant culture. Additionally, the type of organizational culture does not moderate the relationship between incentive systems and strategy surrogation. However, employees operating under a pay-for-performance compensation scheme significantly surrogate more than employees operating under a fixed pay compensation scheme. The study contributes to the incentives and organizational culture literature as well as strategy surrogation research by examining institutional factors that may inhibit or exacerbate surrogation. Additionally, the study contributes to the judgment and decision-making literature by highlighting employees’ decision-making outcomes under different compensation schemes. Keywords: organizational culture, incentive systems, strategy surrogation, informal management control system
Agency Theory, Ownership Structure and Capital Structure: An Empirical Investigation in The Indian Automobile Industry
Authors:   Amrut Mody School of Management, Ahmedabad University, India, Tripathi Vibha
Published: September 2021

Capital structure is not only the result of the various financial characteristics of the firm but is also determined by the decision makers. The study from the perspective of the Agency Theory, examines the relationship between ownership structure and the capital structure of the Automobile Industry in India from 2001 to 2014 by using panel data analysis. Debt Equity Ratio represented capital structure and Promoters Shareholding wasused as a proxy for ownership structure. The findings of the study after controlling for variables like assets turnover ratio, uniqueness and size reveal that ownership structure has a significant and positive relationship with capital structure showing postulates of the Agency Theory. The findings lend new insights to the fact that a majority of the Indian automobile firms which are family oriented promote the use of debt to mitigate agency costs unlike the popular belief that Indian firms follow the Pecking Order Theory. The existence of the Agency Theory signals to the probable investors about the managers-shareholders as well as shareholders-debtholders relationship, and its impact on company’s debt taking capacity. Keywords: capital structure, ownership structure, agency theory, panel data
La Computación Cuántica: nuevos desafíos para el sistema legal argentino
Authors: Galán Santiago
Published: September 2021

En el presente estudio me propongo ahondar en las nuevas irrupciones generadas por la Computación Cuántica; el objetivo perseguido con el mismo es dar a conocer y entender de qué se trata la misma, al punto de poder explicar que efectos genera o puede generar para distintas empresas y países en general. Dicho conocimiento considero de gran valor para el universo de las ciencias jurídicas, en el cual, se deben plantear y adaptar las normas de todos los países del mundo. Especialmente considero que las normas de la Argentina requieren de una renovación de manera urgente, con el objetivo de optimizar los beneficios que pueda traer la misma y reducir los conflictos que de ella puedan surgir.