bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A PORTRAIT OF MIND-MAPPING TECHNIQUE AND STUDENT PARTICIPATION IN WRITING ACTIVITY
Authors: Ida Lisdawati
Published: January 2024

The teacher must come up with an efficient, enjoyable, and simple way to boost students' writing activity. This study aims to describe the students' reactions with the help of mind mapping. Students in the eighth grade at a school in Cimahi, Indonesia, served as the study's subjects. The information gathered for the study was descriptive and qualitative. The outcomes revealed the answers from the pupils were favorable. In addition, the pupils struggled with sentence form and mechanics when producing recount texts. In addition, based on field notes, various challenges were encountered by the teacher during the teaching process, such as the low motivation of the pupils to complete the project. Therefore, it can be argued that using mind mapping can help students understand the subject and drive them to learn it.
The Level of Students Knowledge of Football Learning in The Covid-19 Era
Authors: Yunisal Papat , Permana Irpan
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine how big the level of students' knowledge of football learning in the covid-19 era. With this research, it is hoped that it can be seen the extent to which students are able to capture learning during this pandemic situation. This study uses a quantitative descriptive survey method with the distribution of digital questionnaires via google form. The subjects of this study were students majoring in TKJ SMK Pasundan 1 CImahi with a total of 50 people. The entire population was sampled so that in this study using total sampling, with a Guttman true-false test. Quantitative descriptive analysis technique as outlined in the percentage chart. The results showed that the level of students' knowledge of football learning in the covid-19 era was in the "very low" category of 0% (0 students).
Analysis of Inhibiting Factors Achievement of Basketball STKIP Pasundan Cimahi
Authors: Kurnia Dedi , Septiana Rama Adha , Hidayatulloh Selmy
Published: January 2024

This study aims to measure how big the inhibiting factor for the achievement of the basketball Unit at STKIP Pasundan Cimahi. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative and uses a survey research design. In this study, researchers used a google form questionnaire instrument. In this study, the population involved was 17 people and the researcher took a sample of 17 people using a total sampling technique. From the results of this study, the inhibiting factors for the achievement of UKM basketball STKIP Pasundan Cimahi are (1) Lack of facilities and infrastructure, (2) Management is not organized by the campus, (3) The lack of funding received by UKM, (4) athletes (SDM). With a percentage of 88%, this study concludes that the inhibiting factors for the achievement of UKM basketball STKIP Pasundan Cimahi are the lack of facilities and infrastructure, less organized management by the campus, the lack of funding received by UKM, and few human resources so that it can have a big impact on achievement. UKM basketball STKIP Pasundan Cimahi.
Producción de Pimiento (Capsicum Annum L.) en Respuesta a la Fertilización Potásica y Densidad de Siembra
Authors: Leguizamón Resquín Adolfo , Ocampos Areco Hugo Rodrigo , Sánchez Jara Raúl , Sánchez González Marcos Antonio , Chávez Sandro
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la fertilización potásica y la densidad de siembra en el cultivo de pimiento. El experimento fue desarrollado en el distrito de Horqueta, Departamento Concepción, Paraguay, durante los meses de noviembre del 2020 a marzo del 2021. El diseño utilizado fue el de Bloques Completos al Azar, en un arreglo factorial de 3 × 3. El factor A consistió en espaciamiento (0,60, 0,70 y 0,80 m); el factor B, dosis de K2O (0, 50, 100, 150 kg ha-1), con 3 repeticiones. Los valores logrados fueron sometidos al ANAVA, comparados entre sí por el Test de Tukey al 5% y para el factor B se realizó análisis de regresión. Los resultados indican que el factor de distanciamiento entre plantas fue significativamente influyente en las determinaciones realizadas, y en relación al factor de diferentes dosis de K, se verificaron mejores resultados significativamente, de acuerdo a las determinaciones realizadas, con la dosis de 100 kg ha-1 de potasio.
Necesidades Formativas de los Profesores de Residencias Médicas en un Hospital de Segundo Nivel
Authors: Cabrera Jiménez Miriam , Rugerio Ramos Marina , Ramírez Dueñas Luz Karina , Hernández Dominguez Juan , León Vázquez María de la Luz
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La calidad de la formación de los médicos en el programa de residencias médicas demanda de un cuerpo de profesores altamente capacitados en los procesos educativos y fortalecidos en su vocación. Objetivo: Determinar las necesidades formativas de los profesores de residencias médicas en un hospital de segundo nivel. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal en el Hospital General de Zona No. 20, en médicos especialistas que conforman el cuerpo de profesores de las especialidades. Se aplicó una encuesta a médicos especialistas de cualquier sexo, que estuvieran registrados como profesores en los programas operativos de las especialidades existente. Resultados: Se incluyeron 44 médicos, con edad promedio de 43±6 años, 15.9% eran profesores titulares, 86.4% contaban con nombramiento oficial de profesor, 40.9% con formación docente, dicha formación relacionado con cursos cortos 25% y diplomados 22.7%. El 97.7% de los docentes tienen necesidades de formación en estrategias didácticas 68.2%, metodología de la investigación 59.1% y herramientas de aprendizaje 52.3%. Conclusiones: Los médicos especialistas tienen necesidades de formación educativa sobre estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje e investigación, ya que menos de la mitad tienen formación docente.
Percepción del Desarrollo Integral de Estudiantes Universitarios: Una Mirada Psicopedagógica
Authors: Rodríguez Pena Rosa Isela , Macedo Pereda Perla Leonor Milagros , Sánchez Zamudio María del Carmen , Huerta Arizmendi Guadalupe , Huerta Patraca Gustavo Antonio
Published: January 2024

La investigación psicopedagógica en la Universidad Veracruzana se centra en comprender el desarrollo educativo de los estudiantes a nivel licenciatura, el presente estudio analiza las siguientes dimensiones: aspectos académicos, emocionales, sociales y espirituales, a fin de plantear estrategias educativas significativas que promuevan el desarrollo integral. Se elaboró un instrumento para la evaluación de hábitos de estudio, relaciones interpersonales, dinámica familiar, resolución de conflictos y salud mental, entre otros que cuenta con 71 ítems en una escala tipo Likert, cuenta con un Alfa de 0.892. La metodología empleada fue mixta con un alcance descriptivo, la muestra fue de 2,302 estudiantes de nivel licenciatura de la Universidad Veracruzana, México, de la región Veracruz. El estudio busca identificar necesidades psicopedagógicas latentes que obstaculizan el éxito académico, con el objetivo de implementar estrategias de intervención y reducir el rezago educativo. Esta investigación integral no solo beneficia al ámbito educativo, sino también al desarrollo personal y profesional de los estudiantes y, en última instancia, a la sociedad en general.
VINCULAÇÃO MÃE-BEBÉ APÓS O PARTO: ESTRATÉGIAS PROMOTORAS
Authors: Cordeiro Cátia , Franco Sara , Frias Ana
Published: January 2024

No puerpério a mulher apropria-se do seu lugar como mãe, apesar de ser uma altura delicada, estabelece-se um vínculo recíproco entre a mãe e o bebé. A vinculação é a ligação existente entre o bebé e a mãe, é o processo de formação dos laços afetivos. Tem origem na necessidade humana inata de criar ligações íntimas com outros durante a vida. Se a vinculação estiver comprometida leva a distúrbios a longo prazo nas relações e a distúrbios no desenvolvimento social/emocional do bebé. Desta forma, é pertinente uma revisão da literatura, com pesquisa bibliográfica em bases de dados para identificar as principais intervenções e estratégias que promovem a vinculação mãe-bebé após o parto. No entanto, não estão esclarecidas as medidas que existem, mas foi possível verificar que o contacto pele a pele, o aleitamento materno, o corte tardio do cordão umbilical e o alojamento conjunto ajudam na criação, promoção e desenvolvimento da vinculação.
A INFLUÊNCIA DO MINFULNESS DURANTE A GRAVIDEZ NA PREVENÇÃO DA DEPRESSÃO PÓS-PARTO: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Gomes Carolina , Gambín Miriam , Oliveira Pablo , Frias Ana
Published: January 2024

O período perinatal constitui uma fase de grandes mudanças na vida da mulher. Embora este período possa ser vivido com alegria, é também, para muitas grávidas, um período de stress e vulnerabilidade, podendo provocar dificuldades na própria saúde mental. As intervenções baseadas na atenção plena demostram-se eficazes na redução do sofrimento psicológico, mas é necessária mais investigação para identificar os efeitos a longo prazo e os moderadores do treino da atenção plena no período perinatal. A depressão pós-parto tem uma taxa de prevalência de até 20%. Devido às múltiplas consequências negativas dos sintomas depressivos no pós-parto, é importante examinar possíveis fatores de proteção, como a atenção plena ou mindfulness. A presente revisão narrativa tem como objetivo analisar a influência do mindfulness durante a gravidez na prevenção da depressão pós-parto. Os artigos selecionados foram encontrados na base de dados Pubmed, através dos descritores MeSH “mindfulness”, “childbirth classes” e “pregnancy”, com os critérios de inclusão: limitação do período aos últimos cinco anos, acesso gratuito, texto completo, artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, análise do título e resumo. Após a análise dos artigos selecionados, concluímos que os programas de atenção plena podem ser uma abordagem eficaz para melhorar a saúde mental das mulheres durante a gravidez e puerpério. A prática da atenção plena pode levar a importantes benefícios para a saúde mental materna, incluindo melhorias nas avaliações relacionadas com o parto e a prevenção de sintomas de depressão pós-parto.
Treatment of Fanconi anemia patient with synchronous esophageal and tongue cancer in COVID-19 era: a case report
Authors: Kim Tae Hyun , Kim Jin Ho , Kang Chang Hyun , Keam Bhumsuk , Kim Hak Jae
Published: January 2024

Although Fanconi anemia patients accompany a high risk of multiple cancers, radiation therapy on these patients has been carried out only in limited cases due to the concern for radiation toxicity that stems from their susceptibility to radiation. We report a case of a 28-year-old female patient diagnosed as synchronous esophageal and tongue cancer, and underwent two cycles of radiation therapy, inevitably in the condition of coronavirus disease 2019 infection. She received radiation therapy of 30 Gy to esophageal mass with neoadjuvant aim in her first-round radiation therapy, and later received 27 Gy to tongue cancer surgical bed with adjuvant aim in her second-round radiation therapy. With no further treatment, she has been maintaining no evidence of disease state for 7 months. Managing Fanconi anemia patients with multiple cancers using radiation therapy is feasible, in which cases a dose de-escalation may be important considering the radiation toxicity and possible future re-treatment.
PROMICON Deliverable D6.1 Project branding and communication channels setup and running (logo, promotional materials, website, templates, social media)
Authors: Metodiev Teodor , Popova Gabriela
Published: January 2024

As a foundation of the future communication activities, a set of dissemination and branding tools and materials is crucial to be established within the first months of the project. Accordingly, a project logo and website were developed in the first 4 months of the PROMICON life-cycle, which form the backbone of both project branding and public visibility. In addition, various dissemination materials such as a PROMICON brochure and a poster were produced in high quality print versions for rising awareness at events. All of the materials can be found on the media center section of the website and are available to anyone interested. Document templates were also produced and made available to the consortium, in order to facilitate future dissemination and reporting activities such as letters, milestone and deliverable reports, as well as PowerPoint presentations. Accounts have been also set in two major social media channels, Twitter and Facebook, to ensure the widest possible impact and outreach of PROMICON related results, news and events, and to engage the interested parties in a virtual community. The long‐term impact of the project's results will be secured by maintaining the website for a total of 9 years – 4 years of the project duration and additional 5 years after the end of the PROMICON life-cycle.
The oldest teleosts (Teleosteomorpha): their early taxonomic, phenotypic, and ecological diversification during the Triassic
Authors: Arratia Gloria , Schultze Hans-Peter
Published: January 2024

As the fossil record reveals, neopterygians had a major diversification after the great mass extinction at the Permian-Triassic boundary, including the appearance of the major clade Teleosteomorpha. Detailed studies of new taxa (Pseudopholidoctenus germanicus, Barschichthys ruedersdorfensis, and Ruedersdorfia berlinensis) from the lower Anisian (middle Muschelkalk) of Germany and their comparisons with other Triassic relatives are presented, including new information concerning size, shape, and diet. Two families, Pholidophoridae and Marcopoloichthyidae, made a modest appearance during the Anisian of Europe and Asia almost simultaneously, with Pseudopholidoctenus (and the teleosteomorphs Barschichthys and Ruedersdorfia) from the Germanic Basin, being the oldest stem teleosts (244 Ma), followed shortly by Marcopoloichthys ani from Italy. The early teleostean diversification was fast—already in the late Ladinian three lineages were present: Prohalecitiidae (Europe), Pholidophoridae (Asia, Europe), and Marcopoloichthyidae (Asia, Europe), with ca. 20 species inhabiting the Tethys Ocean during the Middle–Late Triassic. Most Triassic teleosteomorphs were small, ca. 50 mm standard length, and a few as possibly miniature, with torpedo or oblong shapes, and suction feeders—probably a plankton based-diet. These first Triassic radiations were replaced during the early Sinemurian of marine ecosystems of Europe with two major groups: (a) non-monophyletic ‘pholidophoriforms’ and (b) proleptolepids and leptolepids, having an average size (ca. 100 mm SL) longer than Triassic forms, with oblong and fusiform shapes. A fast dispersion from the Tethys to the Paleo-Pacific followed, as demonstrated by the presence of small (ca. 50 mm SL) suction feeder proleptolepids in the early Sinemurian of Chile.
Propos introductifs
Authors: Théry Philippe
Published: January 2024

Introduire un colloque lors duquel tous les aspects de l’immunité d’exécution seront ensuite examinés rend cette tâche difficile. Aussi, plutôt que de l’affronter, ces propos introductifs aborderont, sans d’ailleurs les approfondir, quelques aspects de l’immunité d’exécution, substantiels, mais aussi procéduraux, qui peuvent paraître secondaires. La première question, non seulement théorique, mais encore dépourvue de conséquences, porte sur l’adjectif « restreint » que l’on associe au substantif « immunité ». La deuxième sur la distinction des immunités de juridiction et d’exécution qui a prêté à hésitation à propos des mesures conservatoires. La troisième sur ce que j’ai appelé le « dilemme de Motulsky » qui, à propos d’une question de procédure – dans quel ordre les moyens de défense tirés de l’immunité ou de l’incompétence internationale de la juridiction saisie doivent-ils être invoqués – examine les rapports entre immunité et incompétence. La quatrième et dernière, plus importante, est consacrée à l’émergence de la notion d’émanation qui permet d’élargir le droit de poursuite d’un créancier.
Social Resilience's Significance in Managing Extreme Climatic Events in the Cities of the Eastern Area
Authors: Youssef Yasmin Alaa Ali , Zayed Ahmed Zayed Abdalla , Zayed Mahmoud Zayed Abdalla
Published: January 2024

This current chapter starts from a main question: What is the extent of social resilience as a function of managing extreme climatic events in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia? The study will present three basic concepts: social resilience, crisis management, and extreme climatic phenomena. As for the approach used for the study, it is the descriptive approach, and an electronic questionnaire is relied upon as a tool for collecting data within cities in the eastern region. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which are: dehydration is one of the many manifestations of the impact of climatic phenomena on cities, including: increasing rates of economic pressures, giving priority to smart cities, and restructuring development plans for infrastructure within cities.
Examining Strategic Periplectic and Stakeholder Interaction in Europe's Hospitality Industry
Authors: Eman Noor E. , Saeed Mahnoor , Shah Syed Bilawal Ali , Khalid Soha
Published: January 2024

The European hotel industry is embracing green CSR to address sustainability challenges and foster ethical cultures. This approach can lead to increased capital, market access, sales, profitability, cost reductions, and better decision-making. Around 87% of tourists want sustainable travel and 39% are willing to pay more for eco-friendly lodging. Green CSR initiatives can be categorized into process-based and product-based approaches. Strategic periplectic for European hospitality industry included all strategic actions taken by the hospitality industry in Europe to overcome the sustainability, and in this study, these strategic actions are discussed. However, to improve green CSR programs, the hospitality industry of Europe should focus on environmentally friendly infrastructure, circular economy policies, and sustainable dining options. Collaborating with local communities, implementing technological integration, participating in carbon offset schemes, advocating for legislative changes, and participating in conferences can foster innovation and advance sustainability.
Big Data Preprocessing, Techniques, Integration, Transformation, Normalisation, Cleaning, Discretization, and Binning
Authors: Dhawas Pranali , Dhore Abhishek , Bhagat Dhananjay , Pawar Ritu Dorlikar , Kukade Ashwini , Kalbande Kamlesh
Published: January 2024

“Unleashing the Power of Big Data: Innovative Approaches to Preprocessing for Enhanced Analytics” is a groundbreaking chapter that explores the pivotal role of preprocessing in big data analytics. It introduces diverse techniques to transform raw, unstructured data into a clean, analyzable format, addressing the challenges posed by data volume, velocity, and variety. The chapter emphasizes the significance of preprocessing for accurate outcomes, covers advanced data cleaning, integration, and transformation techniques, and discusses real-time data preprocessing, emerging technologies, and future directions. This chapter is a comprehensive resource for researchers and practitioners, enabling them to enhance data analytics and derive valuable insights from big data.
Consumer Complaints Management in the Digital Era
Authors: Bayır Talha , Bozyiğit Sezen
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to provide theoretical insights into effectively managing complaints made by businesses and brands on digital platforms. In this context, the authors first explain the consumer complaint process in the digital environment. Following that, they provide guidance on how businesses should handle these complaints. Managing complaints is crucial for fostering satisfied and loyal consumers. To this end, the authors provide a detailed breakdown of each step in the complaint resolution process, including deciding on a complaint resolution strategy, collecting complaints, reviewing complaints, resolving complaints, acquiring customers, and conducting a comprehensive analysis of complaints. Briefly, they outline the procedures that businesses should establish for complaint resolution, how they should go about resolving complaints, and how to analyze complaints using cause-and-effect relationships. The research will also feature practical examples from digital platforms, and the authors examine the findings of relevant studies on this topic.
Meta Evolution
Authors: Karaca Sukran , Baran Zuleyhan
Published: January 2024

Meta marketing, considered an evolution of digital marketing in the tourism sector, holds great importance in enhancing customer experiences and brand loyalty. This chapter focuses on the necessity of developing and implementing meta-marketing strategies correctly to meet customer expectations. Furthermore, understanding customers' needs and preferences and shaping marketing strategies in alignment with meta-marketing practices are essential for sustaining a competitive advantage in the tourism sector. The chapter aims to assist stakeholders in effectively harnessing the power of digital innovations by comprehending how digital advancements can be utilized in the tourism sector. Moreover, it contributes to the creation of a futuristic discourse by providing innovative recommendations for the establishment of effective meta-marketing practices in the tourism sector.
Learning Analytics Impact for Learning Evaluation in the Context of Creating Learning Organizations
Authors: Dias João Tiago
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the mission and concerns surrounding learning analytics and its significance in learning evaluation in creating learning organizations through digital transformation. It provides an overview of the current learning analytics landscape, emphasizing its potential to drive data-informed decision-making and enhance learning outcomes. The chapter addresses the importance of leveraging learning analytics within the broader context of digital transformation initiatives, highlighting the need to evaluate learning outcomes in digital environments. It underlines the importance of learning evaluation and the role of learning analytics frameworks in collecting and analyzing data and delves into the potential benefits and challenges of implementing learning analytics, highlighting the impact on learning. It also discusses the need for addressing gaps and improving the effectiveness of learning analytics. A couple of case studies are presented to showcase successful implementations and conclude with future directions and predictions for the field.
Improving Learning and Engagement in Professional Training Using Serious Games
Authors: de Araujo Pistono Alvaro Marcos Antonio
Published: January 2024

In the ever-changing world of professional training, organizations constantly seek innovative methods to boost learning outcomes. A prominent approach gaining traction involves serious games, which merge play and education. Serious games offer immersive learning, encouraging active participation, problem-solving, and skill growth. Unlike conventional methods, they provide a safe space to practice real-world scenarios, fostering decision-making and consequence awareness. Serious games find applications in healthcare, military, engineering, and business. Despite benefits, evaluating and adapting serious games remains challenging. Effective assessment measures are needed, catering to diverse learners. The framework for adaptive serious games (F4ASG) aims to tackle these issues. Based on literature amd expert standpoints, the F4ASG is detailed, outlining dimensions and aspects. It's exemplified shedding light on improvements. An experiment demonstrates F4ASG's efficacy in real-world training. Design, participants, data collection, and analysis are explained, followed by result discussions.
AI-Driven Data Analytics Within Digital Twins
Authors: Khapekar Shreya Hansraj , Wankhade Shivam , Sawai Saurabh , Agrawal Shikhar , Jaronde Pravin
Published: January 2024

The combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital twin technology is reshaping businesses' approach to data. This chapter explores the transformative potential of AI-driven data analytics within digital twins, focusing on its implications for forward looking enterprises. The study delves into the intricate relationship between AI and digital twins, illustrating how AI-driven data analytics enhances digital twin capabilities. The authors substantiate the findings with real-world case studies, demonstrating how this integration optimizes operational efficiencies, minimizes downtime, and elevates product quality. Ethical and privacy considerations in this context are examined. The key findings highlight how real-time insights, predictive modelling skills, and well-informed decision support are provided to digital twins by AI-driven data analytics. Businesses are urged to take use of these synergies to gain a competitive edge, and researchers should look into ways to make AI models transparent and understandable.
Amplifying Digital Twins Through the Integration of Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Kalyanaraman Swaminathan , Ponnusamy Sivaram , Harish R. K.
Published: January 2024

Digital twin technology has emerged as a transformative paradigm in various domains, offering real-time simulations of physical systems and assets. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a crucial role in enabling the creation and maintenance of accurate digital twins by providing essential data collection capabilities. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the integration of WSNs into digital twin technology, highlighting their significance, challenges, and future prospects. In this context, the chapter discusses the fundamental concepts of digital twins and their applications across industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, smart cities, and more. It emphasizes the critical role played by WSNs in bridging the physical-virtual gap by continuously monitoring and collecting data from physical entities. These data are then used to create and update digital replicas, allowing for real-time analysis, predictive maintenance and performance optimization.
The Automated Fire Safety Integration System With Digital Twin Technology Using Sensors
Authors: Kumar C. N. S. Vinoth , Naresh R. , Senthil Kumar S. , Mozumder Madhurya , Agarwal Amish
Published: January 2024

The integrated fire safety management system incorporates modules that are able to detect, report, monitor, and mitigate fire disasters in the place where it is installed. The system comprises four modules, one to detect the presence of fire, one to investigate the cause of the fire to be a short circuit, one to monitor the condition of the place that can be installed in the user's mobile, and lastly, the fire extinguishing robot that is able to detect the fire and extinguish it locally. The proposed system is able to control that damage to a great extent. This system can be used in schools, office spaces, and hotels where the immediate response to a fire is of utmost importance.
The Role of Digital Twin Technology in Engagement Detection of Learners in Online Learning Platforms
Authors: Naga Malleswari T. Y. J. , Ushasukhanya S.
Published: January 2024

During and after the pandemic, online learning has been a part of various educational activities. Online educators must precisely detect the learner's engagement to provide pedagogical support. “Student engagement” refers to how much students participate intellectually and emotionally in their classwork and must be evaluated. Defining a straightforward procedure for assessing and comprehending patterns in engagement measurement can improve the figures significantly. Digital twin technology has become the centre of attention in many industries, such as manufacturing, academia, etc. This chapter presents a comprehensive analysis of all the previous approaches to quantify the degree of user involvement and the role of digital twin technology in online learner engagement. More concrete methods, such as multimodal methods, have been combined with abstract methods, such as simple face expression identification on the real-time data set. It also presents how the digital twin models are utilized to accelerate models' efficiency in various sectors of artificial intelligence applications.
Unlocking the Potential of AI-Powered Digital Twins in Advancing Space Technology
Authors: Dahiya Ruby , Rajanarayanan S. , Baskar K. , Baig Hidayath Ali
Published: January 2024

The chapter provides an overview of the survey study that focuses on the synergistic potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital twins in the context of space technology. Digital twins, which are virtual replicas of physical systems or objects, have gained significant importance in the field of space technology. They serve as powerful tools for simulating and monitoring complex space missions, and when combined with AI technologies like machine learning and deep learning, they offer a wealth of opportunities for optimizing, automating, and improving space-related processes. In addition to highlighting the benefits, the survey also delves into the challenges and obstacles that researchers, engineers, and space agencies encounter while implementing AI-powered digital twins. These challenges encompass issues like data integration, model accuracy, and the computational demands of these sophisticated systems.
DWN12088, A Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitor, Alleviates Hepatic Injury in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Lee Dong-Keon , Jo Su Ho , Lee Eun Soo , Ha Kyung Bong , Park Na Won , Kong Deok-Hoon , Park Sang-In , Park Joon Seok , Chung Choon Hee
Published: January 2024

Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a liver disease caused by obesity that leads to hepatic lipoapoptosis, resulting in fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, the mechanism underlying NASH is largely unknown, and there is currently no effective therapeutic agent against it. DWN12088, an agent used for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, is a selective prolyl-tRNA synthetase (PRS) inhibitor that suppresses the synthesis of collagen. However, the mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effect of DWN12088 is not clear. Therefore, we investigated the role of DWN12088 in NASH progression.Methods: Mice were fed a chow diet or methionine-choline deficient (MCD)-diet, which was administered with DWN12088 or saline by oral gavage for 6 weeks. The effects of DWN12088 on NASH were evaluated by pathophysiological examinations, such as real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, biochemical analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of hepatic injury were assessed by in vitro cell culture.Results: DWN12088 attenuated palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipid accumulation and lipoapoptosis by downregulating the Rho-kinase (ROCK)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)/C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) signaling cascades. PA increased but DWN12088 inhibited the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 (Ser536, Ser276) and the expression of proinflammatory genes. Moreover, the DWN12088 inhibited transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced pro-fibrotic gene expression by suppressing TGFβ receptor 1 (TGFβR1)/Smad2/3 and TGFβR1/glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) axis signaling. In the case of MCD-diet-induced NASH, DWN12088 reduced hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and lipoapoptosis and prevented the progression of fibrosis.Conclusion: Our findings provide new insights about DWN12088, namely that it plays an important role in the overall improvement of NASH. Hence, DWN12088 shows great potential to be developed as a new integrated therapeutic agent for NASH.
Association of Measures of Glucose Metabolism with Colorectal Cancer Risk in Older Chinese: A 13-Year Follow-up of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-Cardiovascular Disease Substudy and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Shu Yi , Zhang Wei Sen , Jiang Chao Qiang , Jin Ya Li , Zhu Tong , Zhu Feng , Xu Lin
Published: January 2024

Background: Abnormal glucose metabolism is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, association of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with CRC risk remains under-reported. We examined the association between glycemic indicators (HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, 2-hour glucose, 2-hour insulin, and homeostasis model of risk assessment-insulin resistance index) and CRC risk using prospective analysis and meta-analysis.Methods: Participants (n=1,915) from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-Cardiovascular Disease Substudy were included. CRC events were identified through record linkage. Cox regression was used to assess the associations of glycemic indicators with CRC risk. A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association between HbA1c and CRC risk.Results: During an average of 12.9 years follow-up (standard deviation, 2.8), 42 incident CRC cases occurred. After adjusting for potential confounders, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) of CRC for per % increment in HbA1c was 1.28 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.63) in overall population, 1.51 (95% CI, 1.13 to 2.02) in women and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.68 to 1.68) in men. No significant association of other measures of glycemic indicators and baseline diabetes with CRC risk was found. Meta-analyses of 523,857 participants including our results showed that per % increment of HbA1c was associated with 13% higher risk of CRC, with the pooled risk ratio being 1.13 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.27). Subgroupanalyses found stronger associations in women, colon cancer, Asians, and case-control studies.Conclusion: Higher HbA1c was a significant predictor of CRC in the general population. Our findings shed light on the pathology of glucose metabolism and CRC, which warrants more in-depth investigation.
Association of preoperative blood glucose level with delirium after non-cardiac surgery in diabetic patients
Authors: Park Soo Jung , Oh Ah Ran , Lee Jong-Hwan , Yang Kwangmo , Park Jungchan
Published: January 2024

Background: Hyperglycemia has shown a negative association with cognitive dysfunction. We analyzed patients with high preoperative blood glucose level and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level to determine the prevalence of postoperative delirium.Methods: We reviewed a database of 23,532 patients with diabetes who underwent non-cardiac surgery. Acute hyperglycemia was defined as fasting blood glucose > 140 mg/dl or random glucose > 180 mg/dl within 24 h before surgery. Chronic hyperglycemia was defined as HbA1c level above 6.5% within three months before surgery. The incidence of delirium was compared according to the presence of acute and chronic hyperglycemia.Results: Of the 23,532 diabetic patients, 21,585 had available preoperative blood glucose level within 24 h before surgery, and 18,452 patients reported levels indicating acute hyperglycemia. Of the 8,927 patients with available HbA1c level within three months before surgery, 5,522 had levels indicating chronic hyperglycemia. After adjustment with inverse probability weighting, acute hyperglycemia was related to higher incidence of delirium (hazard ratio: 1.33, 95% CI [1.10,1.62], P = 0.004 for delirium) compared with controls without acute hyperglycemia. On the other hand, chronic hyperglycemia did not correlate with postoperative delirium.Conclusions: Preoperative acute hyperglycemia was associated with postoperative delirium, whereas chronic hyperglycemia was not significantly associated with postoperative delirium. Irrespective of chronic hyperglycemia, acute glycemic control in surgical patients could be crucial for preventing postoperative delirium.
Subcutaneous Emphysema after Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Giannakodimos Ilias , Kotoulas Charalampos , Lampropoulos Andreas , Mpoulalas Ioannis , Tzelepis Konstantinos
Published: January 2024

Transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TUR-BT) comprises the gold standard surgical approach for the management of the majority of bladder cancer cases, both for the diagnosis and treatment of these cases. Patients subjected to TUR-BT may present with various complications, such as gross hematuria, urinary infection, and postsurgical pain. The incidence of subcutaneous emphysema after TUR-BT is extremely rare and urologists should be aware of this extremely rare complication.
A Rare Case of Solitary Palatal Myofibroma in a Young Pediatric Patient
Authors: Wakhloo Tulika , Reddy Gosla , Chug Ashi , Kumar Arvind
Published: January 2024

Myofibroma (MF) is a benign spindle cell neoplasm rarely found in the oral cavity. It is common in males than females (2:1) and mostly seen to develop before 2 years of age with few cases reported in adults. This article reports a rare case of solitary MF of the hard palate in an 8-year-old female child; highlighting the clinical features, histopathology, differential diagnosis while emphasizing the importance of immunohistochemistry in establishing an accurate diagnosis and management of the same. The objective should be to differentiate benign versus malignant spindle cell lesions of smooth muscle, nerve tissue, fibrocytic, and histiocytic origin. Rapid growth of the lesion often raises suspicion of malignancy and may lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate management.
Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness among Diabetic vs. Non-Diabetic Patients about the Association between Diabetes and Oral Health
Authors: Kaur Jaswinder , Pruthi Gurleen Kaur , Kapoor Harsimran Singh , Narang Vishwas , Kaur Akaljot , Gupta Aakash
Published: January 2024

Background:

Global prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing with an estimate to affect 593 million worldwide by 2035. Current evidence clearly states an association between oral diseases and diabetes mellitus with manifestations like periodontitis, peri-implantitis, xerostomia, etc. Despite this obvious link, knowledge, awareness and attitude of general population towards this are not fully understood.

Aims:

To assess public knowledge and awareness on association between diabetes and oral health and assess their attitude towards oral hygiene care and maintenance.

Methods and Materials:

A three-part structured questionnaire was developed with multiple choice questions and circulated among patients visiting a private dental college. A total of 502 questionnaires were evaluated, and results were statistically analysed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Student-t test and Chi-square test using SPSS software.

Results:

Majority of the participants were male and lived in urban area. 41.8% respondents had diabetes, out of which 86.7% had no awareness of the type. A significant number of non-diabetic individuals had awareness of excessive sugar intake as a cause of diabetes. Greater number of diabetic patients (96.7%) reported dry mouth, whereas only 53.3% had periodontal complications. 90% participants use tooth brush as oral hygiene aid. Only 10.6% participants follow regular dental visits. Majority of subjects (60.6%) listed their friends and family as major source of information.

Conclusion:

More people are aware of systemic complications of diabetes as compared to oral problems. A better interdisciplinary relationship is required among dentists and physicians to improve knowledge and awareness of general population.
Effectiveness of Amine Fluoride Mouthwash in Preventing White Spot Lesions during Fixed Orthodontic Therapy - A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Ravi Kiran K. R. , Sabrish Sharanya , Mathew Silju , Shivamurthy Prashantha G. , Sagarkar Roshan
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim:

One of the main reasons that patients seek orthodontic treatment is aesthetics. Unfortunately, treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances can at times increase the chances of developing white spot lesions on the surfaces of teeth, thus creating a new aesthetic issue for the patient. The prevalence of white spot lesions (WSL) reported after treatment varies from 2% to 97%, and these lesions can occur despite increased attention to hygiene. Hence the aim of this study was to assess the effect of Amine fluoride mouthwash in preventing white spot lesions during fixed orthodontic therapy.

Materials and Methods:

Study participants were randomly divided into two groups (Group A – experimental 25 patients and Group B – control 25 patients). The pre-intervention and post-intervention intra-oral digital photographs were analysed by using ImageJ software to assess the percentage of the facial surface affected on the teeth (10 maxillary teeth), which had white spot lesions.

Results:

The mean value of WSLs showed significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Mean values of WSL in the experimental group decreased from 2 to 1.54 with a mean difference of 0.46 after 6 months of follow-up which indicated that amine fluoride mouthwash was effective in preventing WSLs during fixed orthodontic treatment.

Conclusion:

WSLs scores were significantly reduced in patients who received the mouthwash when compared to patients who followed standard oral hygiene regimen with fluoridated toothpaste only. In clinical practice, amine fluoride mouthwash is an effective method for the prevention of WSLs during fixed orthodontic treatment.
Ross Syndrome Presenting as Heat Exhaustion
Authors: Singh Gautam K. , Arora Sandeep , Bahuguna Amit , Das Pankaj , Bellad Prashant
Published: January 2024

Ross syndrome is a rare clinical disorder of sweating associated with tonic pupil and areflexia. There are very few case reports of Ross syndrome in dermatology literature, most presenting with patchy hyperhidrosis. Here, we report two isolated cases who had presented to the emergency department with heat exhaustion. Multidisciplinary evaluations of the first case revealed focal anhidrosis, patchy hyperhidrosis, postural hypotension, absent deep tendon reflex, and tonic pupil while the second case had similar features except for postural hypotension, prompting the diagnosis of Ross syndrome. Presentation of these two patients highlights the importance of a high index of suspicion of dysautonomic disorder, interdisciplinary workup of a case of patchy anhidrosis, or hyperhidrosis, which may get missed in busy outpatient department (OPD) visit.
Morbidity Profile and Cholinesterase Levels among Sprayers in Selected Tea Plantations in South India
Authors: Kannan Radhika , Ramesh Naveen
Published: January 2024

Background:

The tea plantation industry is composed of a complex chain of workers whose functions often overlap. There has been an extensive use of pesticides in this sector, and in the long term, these can have detrimental effects on the chemical sprayers working in the tea plantations.

Aims:

To assess the morbidities related to pesticide toxicity and document the most recent plasma cholinesterase levels among the pesticide sprayers working in selected tea plantations in South India.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 290 chemical sprayers in selected tea plantations in South India after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee and permission from the plantations. A structured interview schedule was administered by face-to-face interview with the selected sample. The blood cholinesterase detection done at the Estate Hospital was documented by the interviewer.

Results:

The mean age of the participants was 45.6 ± 8.5 years and all of them were males. About 35.2% of the participants had reported at least one symptom of organophosphorus toxicity. The most common symptom was headache (21.7%) followed by itching of the eyes (20%) and watering of the eyes (16.2%). The blood cholinesterase values were normal in most of the sprayers in the study and only four (1.4%) sprayers had values less than the reference range. There was a significant association between the duration of work, method of spraying, and the blood cholinesterase levels indicating that greater duration of exposure and more direct contact with the chemical raise the cholinesterase levels significantly.

Conclusion:

The symptoms of pesticide toxicity were reported among the sprayers. The blood cholinesterase levels were normal for most of them.
Assessment of Bacterial Pathogens and their Antibiotic Resistance in the Air of Different Wards of Selected Teaching Hospitals in Tehran
Authors: Montazer Marzieh , Soleimani Neda , Vahabi Masoomeh , Abtahi Mehrnosh , Etemad Korosh , Zendehdel Rezvan
Published: January 2024

Context:

Exposure to bio-aerosols in a variety of environments has been of great interest due to the health effects on humans. Hospitals can be the reservoir of these biological agents because of the presence of infectious patients; which can lead to hospital infections and various occupational hazards. In this way, we assessed bacterial contamination in two teaching hospitals in Tehran.

Aims:

Our purpose in this study assessment of bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistance in the air of different wards of selected teaching hospitals in Tehran.

Settings and Design:

In this study, sampling was done according to NIOSH 0800.

Methods and Material:

This descriptive study was carried out in the different sections of two hospitals in Tehran. A total of 180 air samples were evaluated according to NIOSH 0800. In each section sampling was performed on the culture media in three stations including primary room, end room, and nursing position then the number of colonies counted. The zone of inhibition was measured in antibiotic disks to determine antibiotic resistance of samples.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Initially, the data were normalized using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The difference between the two hospitals was achieved with Mann–Whitney U test for un-normal distribution data.

Results:

Bacterial contamination in hospital 2 was significantly higher than the hospital 1(P < 0.001). The median number of colonies in hospital 1 was 129.87 (87.46–268.97) CFU/m3 and 297.97 (217.66–431.85) CFU/m3 for hospital 2. Bacterial contamination in the all of stations in hospital 2 and 87% of samples in hospital 1 was higher than the acceptable range of ACGIH (75 CFU/m3).

Conclusions:

High bacterial contamination may be related to a lack of hygiene management and poor ventilation system. It seems effective infection control processes, appropriate ventilation systems and supervision systems should be improved.