bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vitamin K2 Improves Anxiety and Depression but not Cognition in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome: a Role of Blood Glucose?
Authors: Gancheva Silvia M. , Zhelyazkova-Savova Maria D.
Published: January 2017

Background:The metabolic syndrome is a socially important disorder of energy utilization and storage, recognized as a factor predisposing to the development of depression, anxiety and cognitive impairment in humans.

Aim:In the present study we examined the effects of vitamin K2 on the behavior of rats with metabolic syndrome and looked for relationships with the effects on blood sugar.

Materials and methods:Male Wistar rats were divided in four groups: a control group on a regular rat chow, a metabolic syndrome (MS) group fed a high-fat high-fructose diet, a control group treated with vitamin K2 and a MS group treated with vitamin K2. Vitamin K2 was given by gavage. At the end of the study (after 10 weeks) behavioral tests were performed and fasting blood glucose was measured. Anxiety was determined using the social interaction test and depression was assessed by the Porsolt test. Memory effects were estimated by the object recognition test. Correlations between fasting blood glucose and behavioral performance were analyzed.

Results:The rats from the MS group had elevated blood glucose. They had anxiety, depression and memory deficit. Vitamin K2 normalized blood glucose, reduced anxiety and depression, but did not improve memory. Time of social interaction (inverse index of anxiety) and memory recognition were negatively correlated with blood glucose in the untreated rats but the immobility time (measure of depression) was not. When vitamin K2-treated rats were added, the correlation of blood glucose with the time of social interaction was kept, but the one with the recognition memory was lost. It might be that the anxiolytic effect of vitamin K2 in this setting is at least partly due to its effects on blood glucose, while the anti-depressant effect is glucose-independent.

Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that vitamin K2 prevented the development of anxiety and depression, but did not improve the memory deficit caused by the dietary manipulation in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome. It might be that the anxiolytic effect of vitamin K2 is at least partly due to its effects on blood glucose, while the antidepressant effect is glucose-independent.
Landolphia owariensis Attenuates Alcohol-induced Cerebellar Neurodegeneration: Significance of Neurofilament Protein Alteration in the Purkinje Cells
Authors: Oyinbo Charles A. , Igbigbi Patrick S. , Avwioro Godwin O.
Published: January 2017

Background: Alcohol-induced cerebellar neurodegeneration is a neuroadaptation that is associated with chronic alcohol abuse. Conventional drugs have been largely unsatisfactory in preventing neurodegeneration. Yet, multimodal neuro-protective therapeutic agents have been hypothesised to have high therapeutic potential for the treatment of CNS conditions; there is yet a dilemma of how this would be achieved. Contrarily, medicinal botanicals are naturally multimodal in their mechanism of action.

Aim: The effect of L. owariensis was therefore assessed in alcohol-induced neurodegeneration of the cerebellar cortex in rats.

Materials and methods: Two groups of rats were oro-gastrically fed thrice daily with 5 g/kg ethanol (25% w/v), and 5 g/kg ethanol (25% w/v) plus L. owariensis (100 mg/kg body weight) respectively in diluted nutritionally complete diet (50% v/v). A control group was correspondingly fed a nutritionally complete diet (50% v/v) made isocaloric with glucose. Cytoarchitectural study of the cerebellar cortex was examined with H&E. Immunocytochemical analysis was carried out with the use of monoclonal antibody anti-NF in order to detect alterations in the neuronal cytoskeleton.

Results: After 4 days of binge alcohol treatment, we observed that L. owariensis supplementation significantly lowered the levels of histologic and biochemical indices of neurodegeneration. The level of neurodegeneration and cytoarchitecture distortion of the cerebellar cortex of rats exposed to ethanol was reduced by L. owariensis. Neurofilament-immunoreactivity (NF-IR) was evoked in the Purkinje cells of rats that received L. owariensis supplement.

Conclusions: L. owariensis attenuates alcohol-induced cerebellar degeneration in the rat by alleviating oxidative stress and alteration of NF protein expression in the Purkinje cells.
New Fractional Complex Transform for Conformable Fractional Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Çenesiz Y. , Kurt A.
Published: January 2017

Conformable fractional complex transform is introduced in this paper for converting fractional partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations. Hence analytical methods in advanced calculus can be used to solve these equations. Conformable fractional complex transform is implemented to fractional partial differential equations such as space fractional advection diffusion equation and space fractional telegraph equation to obtain the exact solutions of these equations.
New Developments in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. A Review
Authors: Marton-Popovici Monica , Glogar Dietmar
Published: January 2017

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) occurring as the first manifestation of an acute myocardial infarction is associated with very high mortality rates. As in comatose patients the etiology of cardiac arrest may be unclear, especially in cases without ST-segment elevation on the surface electrocardiogram, the decision to perform or not to perform urgent coronary angiography can have a significant impact on the prognosis of these patients. This review summarises the current knowledge and recommendations for treating patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting with OHCA. New therapeutic measures for the post-resuscitation phase are presented, such as hypothermia or extracardiac life support, together with strategies aiming to restore the coronary flow in the resuscitation phase using intra-arrest percutaneous revascularization performed during resuscitation. The role of regional networks in providing rapid access to the hospital facilities and to a catheterization laboratory for these critical cardiovascular emergencies is described.
Certain Issues Concerning the Romanian Regulation of the Good Faith Principle in Civil and Civil Procedural Matters
Authors: Creţ Daniela Cristina
Published: January 2017

One way for individuals and legal entities to pursue legitimate rights and/or interests is the judicial path. The civil proceedings as a form of settling civil litigations is governed by different principles. Among these stands out the principle of good faith, which involved the exercise in good faith of rights in both civil and procedural matters, the exercise in good faith of procedural rights, a principle which has gained new meanings after the entry into force of the new Code of Civil Procedure, as well as the new Civil Code.
Considerations on the Best Interests of the Child as a Principle of Exercising Parental Authority
Authors: Bobar Cosmina Flavia
Published: January 2017

The principle of the best interests of the child is the basis for international or national normative documents adopted after the 1989 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. They enshrine the prevalence of this principle in any decision that must be made with regard to the child, and regardless of its author.

In the matter of parental authority, the Romanian Civil Code subordinates parental rights and duties to this principle, placing the interests of the child above the interests of parents.

This study presents such aspects as referring to the principle of the best interests of the child, including from a historical perspective, while also emphasising concern in the doctrine for defining but also establishing criteria to appraise the best interests of the child, prior to the amendment of Law no. 272/2004 on the protection and promotion of children’s rights.
Transformation of the System of Values of Autonomous Learning for English Acquisition in Blended E-Studies for Adults: A Holistic Fractal Model
Authors: Bojāre Ināra , Skrinda Astrīda
Published: January 2017

The present study is aimed at creating a holistic fractal model (HFM) of autonomous learning for English acquisition in a blended environment of e-studies in adult nonformal education on the basis of the theories and paradigms of philosophy, psychology and education for sustainable development to promote the development of adult learners’ experiences of English acquisition. Thus, the present research attempts to find out how autonomous learning influences transformation of the system of values and integration in the learning environment. The research is based on the holistic paradigm of science. Adults’ English learning experience, their readiness to learn the language in blended e-studies and the SWOT analysis of metacognitive strategies are investigated in the paper. The authors also put forward recommendations for facilitating the transformation of the system of values in the process of autonomous learning for English acquisition in blended e-studies. The research has resulted in the HFM that interprets the systemic view on the transformation of values in the environment in the classroom and virtual environment, shows more holistic comprehension of the deepness and structure of the complexity of language learning and makes a methodological basis for its holistic facilitation in blended e-studies for adults.
Peatlands and their protection: select landscape parks of the Wielkopolska region
Authors: Ilnicki Piotr , Górecki Krzysztof , Lewandowski Piotr
Published: January 2017

In the context of five significantly different landscape parks in Wielkopolska (30,413 ha) 243 peatlands have been presented in terms of their characteristics, stratigraphy, change in means of utilisation and localisation. Thus trends in the change of peatland utilisation means in the period 1970–2016 were established and the resulting negative effects indicated. For this purpose the process of peatland protection established was analysed in the context of management plans carried out for both the protection of landscape parks and Natura 2000 sites within their territory. The above management plans, however, do not provide information as to localisation data, stratigraphy and to what purpose peatlands are used, which in all cover 2,690 ha – 4.2% of parks’ area. Most often this means there are no formal applications for their protection. This could be said to be a biproduct of a lack of discussion as to the major threat to the environment presented by the increasing disappearance of peatlands – a result of the mineralisation and moorsh process of peat soils. To a large extent the former has resulted from a lack of scientific expertise in respect to soils, peats and land reclamation in research teams preparing landscape management plans.
Energy saving in water treatment technologies with polystyrene foam filters
Authors: Orlov Valerii , Martynov Serhii , Kunytskiy Serhii
Published: January 2017

In the article we considered the problem of treating groundwater and surface water for drinking purposes.

The efficiency of whole system work depends on filtration installations in the technological schemes of drinking water preparation. A floating granular filling with expanded polystyrene was first proposed at the Department of Water Supply and Drilling (National University of Water Management and Natural Resources).

In article we showed the structure of polystyrene filters and principle of their work. The authors suggested technological schemes clarifying and discoloration of the surface water in single-stage and two-stage reagent schemes and contact groundwater iron removal with polystyrene foam filters. Described principles of work, parameters and conditions of use the technological schemes. We proposed scheme with hydraulic automatic device with switching modes.

Showed implementation experience developed technological schemes of polystyrene foam filters in the water preparation for drinking purposes and assessed the economic efficiency of proposed solutions.
Detection and activity of 11 beta hydroxylase (CYP11B1) in the bovine ovary
Authors: Amweg A N , Rodríguez F M , Huber E , Marelli B E , Gareis N C , Belotti E M , Rey F , Salvetti N R , Ortega H H
Published: January 2017

Glucocorticoids (GCs) such as cortisol and corticosterone are important steroid hormones with different functions in intermediate metabolism, development, cell differentiation, immune response and reproduction. In response to physiological and immunological stress, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) acts on the adrenal gland by stimulating the synthesis and secretion of GCs. However, there is increasing evidence that GCs may also be synthesized by extra-adrenal tissues. Here, we examined the gene and protein expression of the enzyme 11β-hydroxylase P450c11 (CYP11B1), involved in the conversion of 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol, in the different components of the bovine ovary and determined the functionality of CYP11B1in vitro.CYP11B1mRNA was expressed in granulosa and theca cells in small, medium and large antral ovarian follicles, and CYP11B1 protein was expressed in medium and large antral follicles. After stimulation by ACTH, we observed an increased secretion of cortisol by the wall of large antral follicles. We also observed a concentration-dependent decrease in the concentration of cortisol in response to metyrapone, an inhibitor of CYP11B1. This decrease was significant at 10−5 µM metyrapone. In conclusion, this study demonstrated for the first time the presence of CYP11B1 in the bovine ovary. This confirms that there could be a local synthesis of GCs in the bovine ovary and therefore a potential endocrine responder to stress through these hormones.
More than Sport: Representations of Ability and Gender by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) of the 2004 Summer Paralympic Games
Authors: Quinn Nancy , Yoshida Karen
Published: January 2017

Purpose: To examine the CBC’s television coverage of two highlighted Canadian Paralympic athletes who participated at the 2004 Summer Paralympic Games held in Athens, Greece. This analysis focuses on representations of ability and gender and to consider the repercussions of these representations for Paralympians, people living with physical difference, and spectators. Methods: Informed by disability studies theory and Garland-Thomson’s (2000) work, qualitative research methods were used to analyze segments of CBC’s television coverage of two Canadian Paralympians, one male and one female, for dominant and recurring themes. Results: Multiple positive representations of athletes were presented in the data. The dominant theme was the athletic.  Though a positive alternative to negative stereotypes of ability this representation is used solely for the female athlete in this case study. The analysis of the male athlete revealed a more nuanced, complex representation.  Within this analysis, the asexuality of female athletes with a physical difference is perpetuated and male hegemony within sport is reinforced.   Conclusions: Media has a powerful role in the construction of social perceptions of people with physical difference. Based on this analysis, the CBC coverage promoted a more fully human portrayal of the highlighted male Paralympian. However its representation of the female athlete continued to reinforce ableist assumptions regarding ability and the asexuality of women with a disability. Sport journalism is a powerful medium that constructs representations of people with physical difference, however critical analyses of these representations are necessary to reinforce those that are positive and realistic representations of people with physical difference.
La construcción del significado psicológico del concepto profesor o profesora por parte de grupos universitarios de estudiantes de pedagogía
Authors: Aguilar-Correa Cristián Manuel
Published: January 2017

The research aimed to identify the semantic networks that will foster the analysis of the construction of the psychological meaning of the concept teacher, by university students in their first year of Pedagogy. To carry out this study, we use the technique of Natural Semantic Networks (Valdez, 1998). The instrument was applied to an intentional non-probabilistic sample of 409 students from the Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación [Faculty of Education Sciences], Facultad de Ciencias Básicas [Faculty of Basic Sciences], and Facultad de Filosofía y Religión [Faculty of Philosophy and Religion] of the Universidad Católica del Maule (Chile). The results show common elements in psychological representations of the studied groups, but meanings differentiated in the nuclei of the emerging conceptual networks, and this, according to the career, the educational level they are tied to as future teachers, and the socio-cultural scenarios in which their profession is interwoven.
Características de la expresión emocional en los escolares primarios y su manejo desde la perspectiva del personal docente-educativo
Authors: Cassinda-Vissupe María Domingas , Angulo-Gallo Lisandra , Guerra-Morales Vivian Margarita
Published: January 2017

The research aimed to characterize the emotional expression of primary school children, events linked to its manifestation and its management from the perspective of the teaching staff. For this descriptive exploratory study, a non-probabilistic sample of 53 teachers from various primary schools was conformed. The study was carried out by using the analysis of documents, interviews and observation, and implementing the content analysis for interpretation. Teachers identified a predominance of pleasant emotions in school, mainly joy. The main unpleasant emotions were anxiety and anger. In the school context, the unpleasant emotions were associated with the activities and the academic demands; in the family, with conflict and little family support, fundamentally. The principal drivers of pleasant emotions in school are the group acceptance, teacher professionalism and recreation; the latter is also present in the family, together with the support, dedication and harmonious coexistence. The professor says not to possess the necessary theoretical and methodological training to direct the emotional education of their students, although they recognize its importance. It is very important to provide a more solid training that allows them to know, understand and regulate their emotions as well as enhance the emotional development of their students, creating an emotional environment which facilitates the process of learning.
El desarrollo auditivo en la primera infancia: Compendio de evidencias científicas relevantes para el profesorado
Authors: Angel-Alvarado Rolando
Published: January 2017

This article aims to know about hearing development experienced by otologically healthy children during their early childhood, in order to give an objective documentation about the matter to preschool education teachers, so that they can improve and enhance their didactic work in the classroom. The research uses classic bibliography in health sciences and psychology, international standards on hearing thresholds, and validated researches addressing the development of tonal discrimination, localization of sounds in space, and the impact of hearing on integral child development. It is concluded that the hearing development in early childhood is not limited to physiological aspect, but it also involves other factors such as sensory, sensorimotor, perceptual and cognitive ones.
Influencia del tipo de centro en la práctica deportiva y las actividades de tiempo libre de escolares
Authors: Arufe-Giráldez Victor , Chacón-Cuberos Ramón , Zurita-Ortega Félix , Lara-Sánchez Amador , Castro-García Denís
Published: January 2017

Background: Recent researches have shown the importance of extracurricular activities and leisure time in children of school age, especially within today’s society where the increasing labour activity of families makes difficult to spend time with children. In this sense, sport practice has a central role, as it will help to combat sedentary lifestyle produced by digital leisure. Aims: This study aims to determine the extracurricular sports and leisure activities done by a sample of primary school students, analysing its relation to the type of school in which they are enrolled. Design: A descriptive and cross-sectional study of multifactorial and univariate design was conducted. Respondents: A total of 786 students from Primary Education participated in this research. They were selected by using a random cluster sampling. Measurements: This study employed an Ad-hoc questionnaire consisting of 12 items related to extra-curricular sport practice. Analysis: SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analyses by using cross tables, ANOVA or T of Student depending on the nature of the variables. Results: The results showed acceptable measures of sports practiced, high percentages of screen leisure and low measurements of time which is spent in reading and with peers. According to the type of school, it was revealed that the schoolchildren of private schools practiced more sports, mainly in teams. Students in public schools preferred individual sports and spending more time with friends and in digital entertainment. Thus, the relationship between the type of school and non-curricular activities is shown, mainly for reasons of ideology and facilities.
Comprensión de textos en soporte digital e impreso y autorregulación del aprendizaje en grupos universitarios de estudiantes de educación
Authors: Flores-Carrasco Paula Gabriela , Díaz-Mujica Alejandro , Lagos-Herrera Irma Elena
Published: January 2017

This article aims (1) to describe the levels of self-regulation and reading comprehension of scientific expository texts; (2) to establish the relationship between self-regulation and reading comprehension; and (3) to compare the performance in comprehension when the printed media (paper) or digital media (computer) is used. A quasi-experimental, quantitative, descriptive and correlative design was implemented. The sample was composed of 55 university students from four careers of Education; they were in 1st and 3rd year of study at a regional university of the Council of Rectors of Chilean Universities. Three measuring instruments were used: a questionnaire of self-regulated learning and two comprehension tests based on the understanding of Parodi’s (2005) assessment model. The implementation was made in two consecutive moments; first, the self-questionnaire; then, the tests for reading comprehension in both media. With the data obtained, statistical tests of variance, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and means comparison with Bruner and Munzel and U-Mann Whitney’s tests were calculated. In conclusion, and different from the initial statement, it was obtained that university students have an adequate level of self-regulation and low reading comprehension in both data, even the scores are relatively lower in digital data. In both data the output is inverse to the complexity of the questions. Between 1st and 3rd year, there is no increase either in the self-regulation or in reading comprehension; but, exceptionally, the career of Primary General Education specialist on Language and History did. There is a strong relationship between reading comprehension in printed media and self-regulation (ARATEX). The support does not affect reading comprehension, but individual reading skills of the subjects do. A competent reader will have similar performance in both reading supports.
Using an online student response system, Socrative, to facilitate active learning of Physiology by first year graduate entry to medicine students: a feasibility study
Authors: Rae Mark G. , O'Malley Dervla
Published: January 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Technologies such as audience response units ('clickers') have been used to facilitate greater student engagement within a variety of educational settings, but numerous technical issues have limited their more widespread use. More recently, flexible, cloud-based student response systems (SRSs), which are designed for use with student mobile devices and overcome most of the limitations of clicker systems, have become widely available. However, the suitability of use for such systems in accelerated degree programmes such as graduate entry to medicine (GEM) has yet to be assessed. Therefore, we utilised Socrative, a freely available SRS, in a physiology component of a first year GEM module to ascertain, a) its ease of deployment, b) its popularity with students and, c) if they felt it improved their learning. There were no technical problems using Socrative. Further, 93% of respondents to an attitudinal survey strongly agreed or agreed that they favoured using Socrative in the classroom, and that they felt that it had improved their learning (92%). Thus, our data strongly indicate that the use of SRSs like Socrative would be highly valued even by the time-pressured, relatively mature students enrolled on accelerated professional courses such as GEM.
Representamen, objecto e interpretante
Authors: Magalhães Luísa
Published: January 2017

Este texto debruça-se sobre a obra de C. S. Peirce, filósofo americano que marcou de forma indelével o pensamento científico do séc. xx. Na ínfima parcela do seu trabalho que seleccionei para apresentar nestes «Cadernos» está presente o raciocínio lógico-semiótico que situa o signo triádico numa espiral vertiginosa por onde o sentido flui ininterruptamente, sem que alguém jamais se possa outorgar sequer a esperança de lhe encontrar o princípio - ou o fim. Nesta mesma espiral nos encontramos - cada um de nós um Signo, vindo de outro e dele seguindo ... nos meandros da «semiose ilimitada» que nos faz crescer, comunicando.
Processamento de informação proveniente dos mass-media
Authors: Lázaro Alexandra
Published: January 2017

O modo como as pessoas processam informação dos mass media é analisado nas fases mais genéricas, considerando a atenção, os factores que afectam a informação em memória e o modo como esta é recuperada e utilizada nas representações sobre sociedade, nas atitudes e nos comportamentos. O papel dos afectos no processamento de informação e no modo como se experienciam as mensagens é também considerado. No global, verifica-se maior esforço na investigação sobre a televisão, uma articulação crescente com modelos e perspectivas provenientes principalmente da Cognição Sociale da Psicologia Cognitiva e um nível heurístico elevado na geração de problemas de investigação.
O mito e a racionalidade científico-tecnológico
Authors: Gama Maria Gabriela
Published: January 2017

Procuramos, ainda que de modo sucinto, estabelecer uma relação entre o mito e a racionalidade científico-tecnológica.O mito não é um monopólio do homem primitivo. À medida que a investigação progride, o homem primitivo situa-se cada vez mais perto do homem civilização, onde emotividade e racionalidade coexistem. A função mitificadora persiste no homem de hoje, para a qual tem contribuído a evolução da ciência e da técnica. Sob a aparência do bem-estar social e do aumento do consumo, para as quais é imprescindível o desenvolvimento científico-tecnológico, justifica-se o controlo totalitário do sistema, onde o homem é o próprio objecto desse mesmo sistema.Tomando-se num sujeito alienado de uma sociedade de consumo, o homem deixa de se assumir na sua racionalidade crítica e passa a ver-se como um objecto entre os objectos onde ele se vê e se revê nos outros como coisas, cujos comportamentos são estereotipados e unidimensionais.
Análises do discurso em política ambiental: conceitos
Authors: Carvalho Anabela
Published: January 2017

O campo da análise de discurso propõe conceptualizações e instrumentos que em muito contribuem para compreender a construção e funcionamento das realidades políticas. Com base na comparação de três abordagens a questões de política ambiental, este artigo sugere uma reflexão sobre a diversidade de perspectivas e pressupostos teóricos neste campo. Começa-se por debater a noção de discurso adoptada por diferentes autores, seguindo-se uma análise da relação entre agentes e, estruturas. Os conceitos empregues nesta área como instrumentos analíticos, tais como «frame», história e «story-line», merecerão uma atenção detalhada. Finalmente ilustra-se o valor da teoriae análise de discurso para analisar práticas e processos políticos.
Um combate sobre a linha. Leitura do ensaio "Política e Modernidade", de José Bragança de Miranda
Authors: Martins Moisés de Lemos
Published: January 2017

Ao traçar a estratégia de leitura de Política e modernidade, coloquei-me três questões princiais: de onde é que parte este ensaio, onde é que está, para onde é que aponta?....
O desafio das divergências
Authors: Oliveira José Manuel Paquete de
Published: January 2017

Assistimos recentemente a dois acontecimentos muito significativos para a história das ciências da comunicação em Portugal...
As Ciências da Comunicação no espaço lusófono no quadro das Ciências Sociais e Humanas
Authors: Cruz Manuel Braga da
Published: January 2017

As Ciências da Comunicação, das mais jovens entre as Ciências Sociais e Humanas, etsão ainda longe da maturidade, correndo riscos típicos da adolescência científica...
Interacções comunicativas: a apreensão da globalidade da comunicação. Uma análise de centenário de Belo Horizonte como fenômeno comunicativo
Authors: França Vera Regina Veiga
Published: January 2017

Este trabalho busca refeletir sobre uma questão aparentemente ultrapassada, e de certa forma dada por resolvida, que é do estatuto teórico do objeto "comunicação" (da comunicação enquanto objeto de estudo, ou dos paradigmas da comunicação)...
O valor da confiança nas relações entre jornalistas e fontes de informação
Authors: Marinho Sandra
Published: January 2017

Começamos por chamar a vossa atenção para o facto de esta comunicação ter por base unicamente uma primeira reflexão em torno do tema das relações de confiança entre jornalistas e fontes de informação...
Os novos conceitos de edição no jornalismo digital
Authors: Gonçalves Elias Machado
Published: January 2017

O desenvolvimento do suporte digital começa a promover uma mudança substancial nos modelos tradicionais de edição....
Representação dos partidos marginalizados: a problemática da cobertura e tratamento pelos média. O caso do Provisional Sinn Féin da Irlanda do Norte
Authors: Lago Rita
Published: January 2017

Durante a maior parte do século XX, o processo político e de debate público tem sido fortemente influenciado pelos média...
«Compreender para intervir. Saúde Pública: definir um posicionamento para construir uma imagem. Um estudo de caso junto das Unidades de saúde do Baixo Cávado»
Authors: Gonçalves Helena , Lázaro Alexandra , Magalhães Luísa , Mota-Ribeiro Silvana , Pires Helena , Xavier Paulo
Published: January 2017

«Compreender para intervir» resume o propósito deste estudo, integrante e integradr de uma candidatura apresentada pelos Centros de Saúde de Barcelos, Barcelinhos e Esposende, no âmbito dos «Projectos Inovadores», a Administração Regional de Saúde da Região Norte e cujo objectivo último visa traçar um plano de acção capaz de promover a satisfação e qualidade com serviço público de saúde, na óptica de todos os seus profissionais e utentes. É um trabalho de investigação desenvolvido por uma equipa de docentes investigadores do Departamento de Ciências da Comunicação do Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade do Minho.Com as comunicações que se seguem, dá-se conta: do desenho do projecto, seu enquadramento teórico e metodologia; da leitura de alguns resultados; do desenho do plano de acção, nas vertentes de formação e comunicação.As comunicações apresentadas correspondem à apresentação e descrição das diferentes fases pelas quais passou este projecto ate à data.
A publicidade nos novos media
Authors: Reis Carlos F. de Sousa , Brigas Joaquim M. Fernandes
Published: January 2017

Desde que McLuhan (1967; 1971; 1979) demonstrou que a sociedade tem sido mais moldada pela natureza dos media do que  pelo conteúdo da comunicação que não nos surpreendem as mutações verificadas em diferentes âmbitos...
Quando o Inferno desce à Terra: a gestão de crises e a sua problemática
Authors: Gama Maria Gabriela
Published: January 2017

Quando uma situação de crise ocorre na empresa, resultante de falhas que lhe são directa ou indirectamente imputáveis, a sua imagem é colocada em causa. Isto obriga a tomadas de posição acertadas e atempadas. Tudo é extrapolado para o exterior e a opinião pública irá ajuizar o modo como a empresa soube ultrapassar a situação crítica.Negar a existência de uma situação de crise quando esta ainda nao é visível pode acarretar consequências nefastas que transpõem largamente as fronteiras da empresa.Perante um cenário de crise, os órgaos de comunicação social procuram saber o que ocorreu e como está a evoluir toda a situação. O silêncio da empresa face aos órgãos de comunicação social vai criar nestes a necessidade de recorrer a fontes que, na maior parte das vezes, não possuem uma informação rigorosa sobre o que realmente está a ocorrer. Daí que a problemática das fontes seja também um assunto a abordar nesta comunicação.Todas estas crises têm as suas características próprias que exigem por parte daempresa o uso de todas as suas potencialidades e com serios constrangimentos de tempo.
A comunicação de imagem. Um estudo de caso
Authors: Ruão Teresa
Published: January 2017

A utilização do conceito de imagem, nos domínio económico, político e social, na segunda metade do século XX, tornou-se tão frequente quanto perversa..
Comunicação e poder no discurso das organizações
Authors: Ricardo Carlos
Published: January 2017

Durante algum tempo o conceito de poder tem sido um tópico importante na teoria social, mas só recentemente se tornou num centro de interesse na comunicação organizacional e nos diversos campos que lhe estão relacionados...
Comunicação e aprendizagem de crianças com necessidades educativas especiais - o desafio da reabilitação on-line
Authors: Almeida Ana Margarida Pisco , Ramos Fernando M. S.
Published: January 2017

Nos últimos anos, as propostas didácticas sofreram alterações estruturais decorrentes da convergência de dois factores principais: o aparecimento da escola da integração e da heterogeneidade; a globalização das redes telemáticas e o advento dos novos serviços de comunicação. Estes últimos proporcionam a criação de espaços de manipulação, interacção, comunicação e colaboração potenciando o aparecimento de novas plataformas de intervenção pedagógica.Neste artigo apresenta-se uma proposta de um modelo/instrumento de reabilitação para crianças com necessidades de aprendizagem (especificamente, crianças com Trissomia 21) sobre a forma de um ambiente virtual distribuído de aprendizagem e colaboração. O modelo foi concebido por forma a permitir explorar aptidões de independência, autonomia e construção cognitiva e a potenciar diálogos e conversações (síncronos e assíncronos) e dinâmicas de interacção e construção conjunta.Seguindo o princípio construtivista, e no sentido de favorecer os processos de abstracção e construção mental, analisa-se a questão da memória visual/espacial como despoletadora dos processos de compreensão. Neste enquadramento, apresenta-se um ambiente virtual com uma forte componente imagética que proporciona a construção cognitiva pela acção e manipulação de objectos tridimensionais. Pretende-se, desta forma, criar um cenário de imersão cognitiva que transporte os sujeitos para ambientes concretos de convite à navegação entre objectos, estabelecimento de relações e construção de percursos narrativos e cognitivos.
Comunicação científica na sociedade tecnológica: periódicos electrônicos em discussão
Authors: Targino Maria das Graças
Published: January 2017

Discutem-se as mutações da dinâmica sociocultural provocadas pela emergência e expansão dos periódicos eletrônicos, na condição de tecnologia comunicacional-informática da sociedade contemporãnea, a partir da concepção de comunicação científica e de sua categorização. A análise da evolução conceitual desses periódicos, de sua categorização, vantagens e desvantagens mostra, no entanto, que se tais mutações se vinculam ao «status quo» das sociedades e de suas respectivas comunidades científicas, em termos genéricos, persistem questionamentos, concernentes, por exemplo, a prioridade da descoberta científica, ao sistema de avaliação e a preservação das informações.Reafirma-se, assim, a crença de uma «coexistência pacífica» entre periódicos científicos impressos e eletrônicos, pelo menos por algum tempo, com a prevalência de réplicas eletrônicas das versões impressas.
A globalização da mídia e da cidadania e a esfera pública internacional
Authors: Serra Sônia de Alencar
Published: January 2017

O impacto crescente da organização supranacional dos Estados, das trocas além fronteiras entre sociedades civis e movimentos sociais, da globalização da mídia e da formação de uma opinião pública mundial indica importantes transformações da vida pública, que demandam o repensar das teorias sobre os meios de comunicação, tradicionalmente formuladas nos limites dos estados nacionais. Neste novo contexto, o estudo do papel e das influências sobre a imprensa internacional se faz especialmente necessário. Esta comunicação analisa essas transformações e defende que o conceito de esfera pública internacional, baseado nas formulações propostas por Habermas em seus estudos mais recentes, desde que ampliadas para dar conta da configuração contemporânea, oferece um quadro teórico importante para compreender as novas relações entre os meios de comunicação, os sistemas políticos e os grupos sociais, e especialmente como novas questões passam a fazer parte da agenda política.
Problemas de comunicação global e estratégias de formação em contextos lusófonos
Authors: Reia-Baptista Vítor
Published: January 2017

Esta comunicação procura dar conta de alguns aspectos estratégicos que têm caracterizado o contexto lusófono de formação em Ciências da Comunicação na Universidade do Algarve.
As novas tecnologias e a emergência de um novo paradigma comunicacional
Authors: Guerreiro Augusto Deodato
Published: January 2017

É com profunda satisfação que agradecemos o convite que nos foi formulado...
Inventando corpos
Authors: Tucherman Ieda
Published: January 2017

Considerando que o corpo humano é talvez o conceito mais longevo da tradição cultural ocidental, e, entendendo que é uma construção realizada pela «função espelho» da CUltura, que gerava assim uma forma totalizável, onde não se misturavam elementos de diferente natureza, as hibridizações sendo o campo dos monstros, pretendemos pensar neste artigo as novas considerações para o nosso corpo protético, como a experiência contemporânea mais radical, que põe em questão as formulações que nos configuravam como humanos. Para tanto buscamos apoio nas novas descobertas da ciência,nomeadamente da engenharia genética, e de certos movimentos da arte, especialmente a chamada «body art».
Uma investigação aplicada ao caso da marca: o caso das porcelanas Vista Alegre
Authors: Ruão Teresa
Published: January 2017

O presente artigo descreve uma investigação empírica conduzida no sentido de proceder ao diagnóstico de identidade de uma marca portuguesa, quase bi-centenária. Constituiu objectivo da pesquisa descortinar os traços caracterizadores da identidade da marca de produto Vista Alegre, e analisar a sua forma de relacionamento com o mercado. O método usado foi o estudo de casos simples, complementado pela técnica da análise de conteúdo. O modelo de diagnóstico de identidade aplicado resultou da combinação da proposta de dois autores clássicos no estudo das marcas: Jean-Noel Kapferer (1991) e David Aaker (1996). O resultado foi a construçãao de um ideograma de identidade, ou mapa dos traços de carácter, micleares e extensos, de uma marca «carismática»(Smothers, 1993) no universo económico nacional.
O triunfo do Jornalismo. Leitura de Sinais, livro de crónicas radiofónicas de Fernando Alves
Authors: Martins Moisés de Lemos
Published: January 2017

1. Dizia Karl Kraus que "o jornalismo come o pensamento"...
Strategies to promote science communication: organisation and evaluation of a workshop to improve the communication between Portuguese researchers, the media and the public
Authors: Bettencourt-Dias Mónica , Coutinho Ana Godinho , Araújo Sofia Jorge
Published: January 2017

As western societies become increasingly dependent on scientific and technological developments, the full exercise of citizenship requires the ability to understand those developments. Scientists should be able to make this progress meaningful to different communities and to discuss its implications. However, science communication is still not part of the formal education of researchers. We organized a pioneering workshop in Portugal, Comunicar Ciência (‘Comunicating Science’), at the Gulbenkian Institute of Science (10-12 September 2003). In this workshop, 17 Portuguese scientists, from PhD students to heads of research institutes, experienced a plethora of practical exercises organised by journalists and science communication experts from Portugal and the UK. Summary and follow-up evaluations show that scientists feel more confident in their communication skills and ability to participate in activities after the workshop. This work suggests that when targeting the right people, a small, low budget activity, such as this science communication workshop, can improve the participation of scientists in science communication activities.
Comunicar ciência em Portugal: uma avaliação das perspectivas para o estabelecimento de formas de diálogo entre cientistas e o público
Authors: Coutinho Ana Godinho , Araújo Sofia Jorge , Bettencourt-Dias Mónica
Published: January 2017

Este artigo avalia as perspectivas para o estabelecimento de formas de comunicação directa e bidireccional (diálogo) entre cientistas e o público, em Portugal, em substituição da comunicação indirecta e unidireccional, actualmente prevalecente. Um maior envolvimento do público com a ciência requer meios de comunicação que promovam o diálogo entre cientistas e o público, permitindo partilhar os valores e o sistema social da ciência. Neste sentido, organizámos e avaliámos uma conferência de fim-de-semana pioneira em Portugal, entre cientistas do Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), um instituto de investigação biomédica, e o público de Oeiras, onde o instituto se localiza. O formato da conferência foi adaptado do modelo dinamarquês das conferências de consenso, que são um meio exemplar para o diálogo. Estiveram envolvidos dois painéis: um painel leigo, constituído por membros do público, e um painel de cientistas, constituído por investigadores do IGC. O painel leigo estabeleceu a agenda da conferência, conduziu as sessões e preparou um relatório de consenso. A avaliação e as consequências desta conferência de fim-de-semana sugerem que o diálogo entre cientistas e o público é possível, viável e que promove maior envolvimento do público com a ciência.
Economia política da comunicação e dos media: novos cruzamentos e triangulações
Authors: Sousa Helena
Published: January 2017

O presente número da revista Comunicação Sociedade é dedicado à Economia Política da Comunicação e dos Media...
From the myth of cyberspace to the political economy of computer communication
Authors: Mosco Vincent
Published: January 2017

The development of computer communication in the 1980s and 90s gave a new impetus to the set of myths connecting information technologies to the end of space, the end of time, the end of politcs and the end of history. Based on the Political Economy perspective, this article challenges the foundations of this symbolic construct and explains its unsustainability. Along these lines, it will be argued that cyberspace results from the mutual constitution of digitalization and commodification. Due to its potential to combine universial language with customized products, digitalization expands the commodification of content by expanding opportunities to measure and monitor, package and repackage entertainment and information. Mythic cyberspace might therefore might be little more than an highly commercialized space with scarce room for diversity and debate.
La gestión de los intangibles empresariales
Authors: Villafañe Justo
Published: January 2017

Existen numerosas evidencias empíricas que demuestran que los recursos intangibles de las empresas – la marca, la reputación corporativa, el capital intelectual o la responsabilidad corporativa – son una de sus principales fuentes de valor. La razón que explica este hecho hay que buscarla en los procesos de indiferenciación de la oferta comercial provocados por la saturación de los mercados de bienes y servicios. Hoy en día lo funcional, lo que el marketing clásico consideraba estratégico, tiene cada vez menor poder de diferenciador. Por el contrario, lo emocional, resulta cada vez más decisivo a la hora de explicar los procesos electivos de todos los stakeholders de las empresas.Para que los recursos intangibles generen valor para las empresas es necesario gestionarlos de acuerdo a modelos que a veces resultan ciertamente sofisticados. La evaluación y la gestión de los intangibles empresariales – ambos hechos son inseparables – constituyen en la actualidad uno de los retos más atractivos del management empresarial en los países desarrollados.
The dynamics of organizational identity
Authors: Hatch Mary Jo , Schultz Majken
Published: January 2017

While many organizational researchers make reference to Mead’s theory of social identity, none have explored how Mead’s ideas about the relationship between the “I” and the “me” might be extended to identity processes at the organizational level of analysis. In this paper we define organizational analogues for Mead’s “I” and “me” and explain how these two phases of organizational identity are related. In doing so we bring together existing theory concerning the links between organizational identities and images, with new theory concerning how reflection embeds identity in organizational culture and how identity expresses cultural understandings through symbols. We offer a model of organizational identity dynamics built on four processes linking organizational identity to culture and image. While the processes linking identity and image (mirroring and impressing) have been described in the literature before, the contribution of this paper lies in articulation of the processes linking identity and culture (reflecting and expressing), and of the interaction of all four processes working dynamically together to create, maintain and change organizational identity. We discuss the implications of our model in terms of two dysfunctions of organizational identity dynamics: narcissism and loss of culture.
Mediatization of society – Consequences for organizational communication
Authors: Raupp Juliana
Published: January 2017

Mediatization serves as a starting point for developing a theoretical framework of external organizational communication. The overall importance of the mass media affects organizations: Organizations have to adapt to the logic of the mass media in order to gain attention in the media society. Thus, organizations make not only attempts to influence mass media; mass media also have an impact on organizations. The mutually dependent relationship between media and organizations is examined on the basis of a symbolic-interactionist communication theory. The structural characteristics of a mediated public sphere provide the backdrop for the complex relationships between mass media and organizations. Finally, the consequences of mediatization for organizations are discussed.