bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSFORMING AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT WITH BIG DATA AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: da Cruz André Luiz Macedo
Published: December 2024

The integration of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly transform air traffic management by offering innovative solutions to enhance safety, efficiency, and capacity of operations. With the growing demand for air travel and the increasing complexity of airport operations, these emerging technologies are becoming essential to tackle industry challenges and prepare aviation for the future. The main advantage of this integration is the improvement in decision-making, with the collection and analysis of large volumes of real-time data, such as weather information and flight data, allowing for the prediction of traffic patterns and identification of congestion. Furthermore, AI can predict and prevent failures in critical systems, such as radar and communication systems, enabling corrective actions before failures occur. The optimization of resource usage, such as flight routes and takeoff and landing operations, is also facilitated, increasing airport capacity and reducing wait times and delays. Safety is also enhanced, with the detection of hazardous flight conditions and more efficient coordination among airlines, controllers, and emergency services. However, the implementation of AI and Big Data faces challenges, such as the need for robust infrastructure, privacy protection, and the adaptation of industry professionals. Investing in secure technologies and properly training operators are key steps to fully leverage the potential of these innovations in air traffic management.
EVOLVING APPROACHES IN CYBERSECURITY: METRICS AND HUMAN FACTORS
Authors: da Silva Flavio Ambrosio
Published: December 2024

Recent studies on cybersecurity underscore an increasing recognition of the importance of metrics-driven approaches and adaptable frameworks, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that face distinct challenges in a rapidly changing digital landscape. Key developments such as the Cyber Trust Index (CTI) highlight a movement towards methodologies that not only measure security performance quantitatively but also incorporate social and organizational contexts. Additionally, a focus on human factors, including malicious intent, reflects a more nuanced understanding of vulnerabilities within cybersecurity frameworks. The current literature identifies critical gaps in cybersecurity education and workforce development, emphasizing the need for a blend of technical and social skills to foster a culture of responsibility and resilience in organizations. As cybercriminals employ increasingly sophisticated tactics, the integration of advanced technologies, particularly artificial intelligence and cutting-edge cryptographic methods, emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing cybersecurity defenses. In light of the evolving threat landscape, it is essential for organizations and regulators to embrace these innovative practices and frameworks. By adopting effective metrics and remaining adaptable to changing environments, they can bolster their security posture and safeguard critical assets. Ultimately, the establishment of robust metrics and frameworks will facilitate an effective response to cyber threats, paving the way for a more secure future in the digital domain. This strategic shift not only enhances organizational resilience but also contributes to the broader aim of ensuring safety and security in an interconnected world.
INCLUSÃO DE ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA: ESTRATÉGIAS E METODOLOGIAS EFICAZES
Authors: Dias Maria Angélica Dornelles , Penha Maria Cleonice Santos de Melo , Saraiva Ana Cristina Gonçalves Teixeira , Mafra Mackson Azevedo , Lima Rosilene Alves , Silva Jordana Romero , Vergara Mariela Viviana Montecinos , Bezerra Drina Cortez
Published: December 2024

The problem addressed was: what is the effectiveness of the strategies and methodologies used for the inclusion of students with disabilities in the school environment? The general objective was to identify and analyze the practices to promote the inclusion of these students. The methodology adopted was a literature review, analyzing relevant works on pedagogical strategies, active methodologies and inclusive assessment approaches. The results showed that the personalization of teaching, the use of assistive technology and the promotion of a collaborative environment are effective practices for the inclusion of students with disabilities. The personalization of teaching adapted methods and content to the specific needs of students, while assistive technology facilitated access to the curriculum and overcame physical barriers. The promotion of a collaborative environment involved teachers, students and families, creating continuous and adapted support. However, the study also identified challenges, such as the lack of adequate training for educators and deficiencies in school infrastructure. The final considerations highlighted that, although the practices analyzed have shown effectiveness, it is necessary to conduct research to explore new approaches and how different contexts influence the effectiveness of inclusion strategies. The continuity of investigations is essential to improve current practices and meet the needs of students with disabilities.
Konseling Keluarga Islam Dalam Membentuk Komunikasi Dan Hubungan Baik Antar Anggota Keluarga Di TK Thaybah
Authors: Hidayah Nur Baiti , Mujiati Mujiati , Aliyah Nelud Darajaatul , El-Yunusi Muhammad Yusron , Evendi Wakid , Zakki Muhammad , Farid Mohamad
Published: December 2024

Komunikasi dan hubungan baik antar anggota keluarga adalah hal yang selalu berdampingan. Sebuah keluarga yang mampu mencapai komunikasi efektif antar anggota keluarga maka akan tercipta hubungan yang baik pula antara mereka, begitu pula sebaliknya jika komunikasi tidak efektif maka akan menciptakan keretakan dalam hubungan keluarga. Komunikasi efektif dalam keluarga adalah salah satu kunci menuju keluarga yang kekal dan abadi. Tips menumbuhkan komunikasi efektif di dalam keluarga, yaitu: Meluangkan waktu; Menciptakan kesempatan untuk berkomunikasi bersama satu sama lain; Berlibur dan berkegiatan bersama; Konsistensi waktu berkumpul dan berkomunikasi bersama; Mengadakan agenda rapat keluarga; Berkomunikasi saat berada di kendaraan; dan Memberikan kasih sayang dengan pujian dan hadiah. Kegiatan konseling keluarga ini bertujuan untuk menjadi wadah forum diskusi terkait permasalahan dalam keluarga terkhusus dalam hal komunikasi keluarga serta menjadi pecut bagi masyarakat untuk membangun komunikasi efektif dan terbuka dalam keluarga. Alhamdulillah pada kegiatan konseling ini pada Hari Senin, 28 Oktober 2024 telah diikuti oleh 18 ummahat wali murid TK Thaybah Surabaya. Konseling dilaksanakan di Masjid Thaybah Surabaya yang berada di satu kawasan dengan TK Thaybah. Metode yang digunakan pemateri adalah metode ceramah kemudian membuka forum diskusi bersmama ummahat guna mencari solusi atas permasalahan yang mereka hadapi dalam komunikasi keluarga. Dari kegiatan konseling ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa membangun komunikasi efektif dan terbuka dalam keluarga adalah suatu hal yang sangat penting demi terciptanya keluarga yang harmonis.
IMPLEMENTACIÓN NUMÉRICA DEL ALGORITMO DE DETECCIÓN Y CUBRIMIENTO DE FALLAS VERTICALES LATENTES EN SUPERFICIES DISCONTINUAS
Authors: Parra Chávez Marco Vinicio , Abancin Ospina Ramón Antonio
Published: December 2024

La detección del conjunto de discontinuidad de funciones discontinuas definidas explícitamente, es un desafío presente en aplicaciones como el procesamiento de imágenes y la localización de fallas geológicas a partir de un conjunto de datos dispersos o regularmente distribuidos de tipo Lagrange. Dentro de este contexto, el propósito del estudio fue la implementación numérica de un algoritmo para detección y cubrimiento fallas verticales latentes en superficies discontinuas de tipo explícito. En este sentido, la investigación fue abordada bajo un enfoque cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo, con diseño de investigación documental; fundamentada en documentos de carácter científicos relacionados con los métodos de detección de superficies explícitas a partir de un conjunto de datos que presentan fuertes variaciones. Además, se realizaron pruebas numéricas al correspondiente algoritmo a partir de un conjunto de datos sintéticos y dispersos de tipo Lagrange, donde la fuente principal de datos ayuda a sintetizar la información. El principal aporte fue Los principales resultados demuestran la efectividad del algoritmo para detectar y representar gráficamente defectos latentes y la transición exitosa entre enfoques teóricos y numéricos. La visualización de nodos clasificados triangulares y curvas poligonales confirma la viabilidad de la cobertura aplicada. Sin embargo, la dependencia de datos sintéticos y Python limita la generalización de los resultados. Se concluye que el algoritmo estudiado construye aproximaciones óptimas para la detección y cubrimiento de fallas verticales latentes en superficies discontinuas.
POLÍTICA SOCIAL – Em busca de um conceito
Authors: Heling Jiulia Estela , Madruga Marina Nogueira
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar as primeiras linhas em busca de uma conceituação de política social. A partir de uma análise bibliográfica contemporânea, buscou-se demonstrar que a política social é modalidade de política pública, e que seus vieses são para manutenção do capitalismo. Com as análises realizadas, verificou-se os fatores históricos que contribuíram para a presença de políticas públicas e quais suas características. Ainda, identificou-se que o conceito de política social possui armadilhas e que nela, há uma tentativa de melhoria do bem estar da população, no entanto, a política necessita estar voltada para qualidade de vida. Por fim, pode-se concluir que o que deveria ser um forte instrumento de emancipação social vem sendo utilizado de forma equivocada.
Kanthapura as “India in Microcosm” in Raja Rao’s Kanthapura
Authors: Kundra Nakul
Published: December 2024

Against the backdrop of the Indian freedom struggle, Raja Rao’s Kanthapura touches on the psycho-spiritual idea of India in a rural setting through motifs and expressions such as “Gandhi,” “Congress,” “Mother,” “Vande Mataram,” and “a thousand pillared temple.” The Kanthapurians are psychologically conditioned to collectively participate in the freedom struggle through a nationalist discourse. However, their peculiar understanding of and attitude to the national movement are unique and do not represent the essence of the multifaceted Indian independence movement. The novel has a limited scope, and it, rather than representing India during the British Raj, mainly constructs an imaginary caste-ridden village. To interpret Kanthapura as “India in microcosm” is to overlook the fictional local/regional nuances in the text and to dilute the complexity of Indianness in favor of exaggerating the “nationalness” of Kanthapura. Kanthapura is a fictional village that appears to embody Ambedkar’s understanding of the Indian village rather than Gandhi’s.
O TRABALHO HÍBRIDO E A REDUÇÃO DE JORNADA NOS TEMPOS ATUAIS
Authors: Gonçalves Rosana Aparecida Borges , Sollitto Fernanda Cabral
Published: December 2024

The present scientific work seeks to analyze the workday carried out in a hybrid way, that is, the work carried out both inside the work environment and outside it; and discuss the work done using the workday reduction. It points out the working day model from the 19th century to the present day, in order to clarify the changes that have taken place over time. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the importance of cultural and legislative changes in relation to the current type of working day in Brazil and in the world. This article was developed through a doctrinal bibliographic survey, used in an interpretive and deductive way, as well as through information referring to other countries where different working hours are already being configured. It appears that the use of these new models of working hours already obtains positive results in the technological era in which we live. From these results, it is concluded that changes in the working hours model are inevitable, both in terms of effectiveness and efficiency in relation to the time and resources made available by companies, as well as the valorization and preservation of physical, psychological and, consequently, a better quality of life for its employees.
ANÁLISE DAS DEMONSTRAÇÕES FINANCEIRAS DAS EMPRESAS DE SANEAMENTO LISTADAS NA B3: UMA AVALIAÇÃO DOS ANOS 2019 A 2023
Authors: Orssatto Fabio , Sato Sonia Sanae , Nascimento José Carlos do
Published: December 2024

The present work aimed to evaluate the economic-financial situation of four large basic sanitation states in Brazil (CASAN, SABESP, COPASA and SANEPAR) concentrated in B3, using data from their balance sheets and projections of results from 2019 to 2023. It used a mixed methodology combining quantitative and qualitative analyses, investigating the impact of the new legal framework for sanitation (Federal Law 14,026/2020) and the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial performance of these companies. The analysis included the vertical and horizontal assessment of financial projections, as well as the calculation and interpretation of liquidity, debt, activity and profitability indicators. The results indicate that we will face significant challenges during the period, especially due to the pandemic and the implementation of the new legal framework. However, companies increased resilience and adaptability, with some improvements in their profitability and liquidity indicators. The analysis of financial projections is crucial for understanding the financial health and operational efficiency of sanitation companies, allowing the identification of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities for improvement and potential threats.
APLICATIVO UNIVERSITÁRIO DO BEM: DESENVOLVIMENTO DE TECNOLOGIA PARA GESTÃO DE ATIVIDADES COMPLEMENTARES EM INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Aguiar Filho Armando Sérgio de , Dutra Frederico Giffoni de Carvalho , Costa José Maurício
Published: December 2024

This article aims to investigate and analyze the behavior profiles and preferences of undergraduate students in relation to complementary activities in order to propose technological alternatives to optimize this process. The research, of exploratory and descriptive character, adopted as a technical procedure the case study at Fumec University, a higher education institution located in the city of Belo Horizonte. Data collection took place through structured interviews, carried out with undergraduate students at Fumec University, from September 1 to 30, 2023. The results indicated the interest of students in using a mobile application as an alternative to the analog methods currently used by HEIs. In this way, the app called Universitário do Bem was developed, which aims to manage the complementary activities carried out in the HEIs. The implementation of the app can save time and resources, in addition to promoting the university extension activity, which is still undervalued in Brazil. With the increasing integration of mobile applications into daily life, the proposed solution has the potential to significantly facilitate the process of carrying out complementary activities for students. The project faced challenges such as slow application and delays in conducting tests due to the high turnover of responsible students. Proposed improvements include the use of a more robust server and code overhaul to optimize performance.
DA REGULAMENTAÇÃO DA JORNADA E NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS EM POSTOS DE COMBUSTÍVEL SEGUNDO O DIREITO INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Strasser Francislaine de Almeida Coimbra , Benvenuto Giovana , Silva Laura Michelin , Vieira Neto Luiz Carlos , Marques Rafaela Amadeu , Monayari Samira , Santos Silas Silva , Ferreira Vivian de Andrade
Published: December 2024

The chemical compound benzene found in gasoline, additives and lubricating oils is classified by the National List of Human Carcinogens in group 1, that is, as one of the carcinogenic and toxic substances. Thus, the toxicity of the chemical agent is known and the types of diseases linked to it have been expanding. Workers at fuel stations and services are more susceptible to airborne and skin contamination, since all gasoline vapor contains considerable amounts of benzene. Using the hypothetical-deductive methodology, this project aims to prove that by reducing workers' daily exposure to benzene, with the implementation of new technologies, such as through vapor recovery and the use of pressure valves at gas stations, as well as by modifying the supply nozzle, causing an attempt to suppress the gas release, through protection wrapped in rubber material, recovering the vapor through holes in the supply pipe, will help your health, proposing a management model for the environment working environment of gas station attendants, to ensure safety and health protection is achieved, comparing with foreign laws/conventions and working hours, with their permitted limits, so that Brazil has precedents and can improve the quality of the working environment of these employees .
FERTILIZAÇÃO IN VITRO POST MORTEM E SEUS REFLEXOS NO DIREITO SUCESSÓRIO
Authors: Amaral Nabas Henrique Benvindo do , Strasser Francislaine de Almeida Coimbra
Published: December 2024

The present work aims to present posthumous in vitro fertilization, its specificities, and its effects on inheritance law. It seeks to address the aspects inherent to its characteristics and its influence by family law, focusing on the principle of saisine and the constitutional right to inheritance. Initially, a brief explanation and conceptualization of inheritance law, the right to inheritance, inheritance as a fundamental right, necessary and testamentary heirs, and succession were provided. Subsequently, an examination of filiation in Brazilian legal order was conducted, comparing natural fertilization and assisted reproduction techniques, including posthumous in vitro fertilization, as well as the legal presumption of paternity found in the Civil Code of 2002. Finally, the impact of posthumous in vitro fertilization on inheritance law was discussed. The necessity for prior and written authorization from the parent for the use of their genetic material after death was explained, along with the exception to the principle of coexistence, guaranteeing the posthumous child the rightful inheritance. The methodology used was the hypothetical-deductive analysis, based on a literature review and consultation of national legislation and jurisprudence. In conclusion, it was inferred that posthumous in vitro fertilization is possible according to the stipulation of infra-legal norms, and children conceived posthumously by the parent have the right to inheritance on equal footing with other heirs. However, it still raises numerous questions and uncertainties, making it a subject that should be regulated by specific law.
A Importância da Participação Feminina na Web3: Destaques e Iniciativas
Authors: Oliveira Valéria Maria de , Teixeira João Marcelo Xavier Natário
Published: December 2024

Este artigo examina o papel significativo das mulheres no ecossistema emergente da Web3, apresentando as realizações de oito mulheres notáveis na área. Ele analisa como suas contribuições, incluindo inovações tecnológicas e o desenvolvimento de comunidades inclusivas, estão influenciando o futuro das tecnologias descentralizadas da internet. Além disso, o artigo discute a relevância de iniciativas como o Web3EduBrasil, que se concentram em capacitar e educar mulheres, promovendo assim a diversidade e a inclusão no espaço Web3. Esses esforços contribuem para a equidade de gênero, ao mesmo tempo em que incentivam a criatividade e a inovação na indústria.
Investigando o Uso de Inteligência Artificial em Projetos Brasileiros do GitHub
Authors: Ubaldo Luiz Andre do Nascimento , Coelho Jailton
Published: December 2024

A Inteligência Artificial (IA) tem desempenhado um papel importante no desenvolvimento de software, especialmente em projetos de código aberto. Este estudo investiga o uso de IA em repositórios brasileiros do GitHub, com o objetivo de identificar as linguagens de programação mais utilizadas, o tempo de vida desses repositórios e as áreas de aplicação mais frequentes da IA. Utilizando um conjunto de dados composto por 30 projetos de código aberto brasileiros com maior número de estrelas no GitHub, foram encontradas três áreas principais de aplicação: aprendizado de máquina, aprendizagem profunda e visão computacional. Python lidera como a linguagem de programação mais utilizada, seguida por JavaScript, C++ e C# em igual proporção, com Shell e TypeScript também empatados em seguida. A mediana de vida desses repositórios é de aproximadamente 66 meses, demonstrando a recente maturidade dessas iniciativas no Brasil.
Segurança da Informação em Dispositivos Móveis: Perspectivas e Comportamentos dos Usuários
Authors: Machado Antonio , Santos Marcos , Porfirio Iara , Volpi Carlos , Gualberto Éder
Published: December 2024

O avanço da tecnologia aumentou significativamente o uso de smartphones e tablets, com muitas pessoas utilizando esses dispositivos para armazenar dados, enviar mensagens, navegar na internet e realizar outras tarefas. Consequentemente, o roubo de dados pessoais tornou-se mais comum, com o objetivo de armazenar e usar informações pessoais, como senhas, dados bancários, fotos e vídeos, de maneira ilegal. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar se os usuarios de dispositivos móveis seguem boas práticas de segurança. Os resultados revelam os principais pontos em que os usuários falham em se proteger adequadamente e evidenciam a falta de conhecimento sobre normas de segurança.
GeoHistória PR:um website de auxílio ao ensino de História e Geografia com enfoque no estado do Paraná
Authors: Quintiliano Letícia , Celarino André L. de S. , Santana Rayssa M. S.
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o site "GeoHistória PR", que consiste em uma plataforma web destinada a ajudar os candidatos ao vestibular a aprender sobre as disciplinas de História e Geografia com enfoque no estado do Paraná. Para a elaboração do conteúdo do site foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os currículos de História e Geografia no contexto do estado do Paraná, com ênfase no ensino médio e nos documentos oficiais estaduais, já para a codificação do site utilizou-se as tecnologias HTML, CSS, Javascript, bem como Node.js e MySQL. No site será possível consultar materiais específicos sobre os dois componentes curriculares já citados, tais como vídeo aulas, materiais de apoio e questões de vestibulares. Como resultados parciais já foram produzidas telas de protótipos não funcionais, com o objetivo de planejar a estrutura e o layout do site, nesse sentido, espera-se que a plataforma web criada possa ser acessada especialmente pelos estudantes do ensino médio em vias de realizar as provas do vestibular, contribuindo em suas formações especificamente nos componentes curriculares de História e Geografia.
Proposição e avaliação da aplicação de uma sequência didática baseada no pensamento computacional para pessoas idosas
Authors: Oliveira Jr. Emerson Rogério de , De Bortoli Lis Ângela , Pasqualotti Adriano , Gil Henrique Teixeira , De Marchi Ana Carolina Bertoletti , Kieling Mônica Luíza
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta a proposição e avaliação de uma sequência didática, estruturada em dez vivências, baseada nos pressupostos do pensamento computacional com foco para pessoas idosas. A amostra foi composta por 22 pessoas, entre adultas e idosas. O desenvolvimento das vivências ocorreu com uma periodicidade de uma vez por semana, com duração de 90 minutos, por sete meses. A sequência didática foi elaborada com diversas atividades que foram realizadas por meio da linguagem de programação de blocos Scratch. Para a avaliação qualitativa, foram identificadas em quais partes da vida cotidiana dos participantes houve melhora. Para a análise quantitativa, foi empregado o instrumento de avaliação neuropsicológica breve – Neupsilin, avaliando a atenção, as funções executivas e a memória de trabalho. A aplicação do Neupsilin ocorreu em três momentos distintos: antes do início da intervenção, logo após o término da intervenção e seis meses após o encerramento da intervenção. O principal resultado aponta que é possível utilizar o pensamento computacional em atividades didáticas para as pessoas idosas, acarretando ganhos cognitivos relativos à função neuropsicológica de atenção, além de proporcionar momentos de maior socialização com seus pares acarretando, assim, uma melhoria na sua qualidade de vida.
Integrando Laboratórios Remotos a Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem por meio do Protocolo LTI
Authors: Pereira Josiel , Simão José Pedro Schardosim , Machado Leticia Sophia Rocha , Silva Juarez Bento da , Dandolini Gertrudes Aparecida , Alves João Bosco da Mota
Published: December 2024

Este artigo propõe a utilização do Protocolo de Interoperabilidade de Ferramentas de Aprendizagem (LTI) para incorporar laboratórios remotos em Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVA). Essa integração amplia as possibilidades de ensino e aprendizagem, especialmente em áreas que exigem experimentação prática. A solução combina o ambiente de gerenciamento de laboratórios remotos (RELLE) com o Moodle, utilizando a metodologia Design Science Research (DSR). O acesso a experimentos práticos on-line oferece uma experiência de aprendizagem mais rica. Como resultado, foi possível disponibilizar um laboratório remoto no Moodle e facilitar a inclusão de novos laboratórios, ajustando a página de configuração.
Inteligência Artificial na EAD: Percepção de Mediadores sobre Riscos e Oportunidades
Authors: da Silva Luís Rogério , Gonçalves Eliane
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa explora o tema da Inteligência Artificial (IA) sob a ótica dos riscos da modernidade tardia, segundo Ulrich Beck e Anthony Giddens. No que tange à elaboração de conteúdo acadêmico didático, há receio de que as chamadas alucinações da IA possam induzir a uma cadeia de equívocos capazes de prejudicar a formação discente e coube a esta investigação verificar se mediadores de disciplinas de Letras na modalidade EAD demonstram alguma percepção deste risco, o que é fundamental para que possam mitigá-lo. Este estudo investiga, portanto, a partir da visão dos mediadores, os riscos percebidos e os benefícios esperados em prol da educação, mostrando que o desconhecimento de riscos é um sério desafio para o emprego crítico da IA na educação.
Chatbots na Educação a Distância: um estudo de caso no suporte ao cursista
Authors: Bittencourt Juliano , Simão José P. S. , Maria Sandra A. A. , Ferreira Vinícius C. , Koen Gabriela
Published: December 2024

Este estudo investigou o impacto da implementação de um chatbot em uma iniciativa de Educação a Distância (EAD) voltada para a formação de professores. A pesquisa utilizou a metodologia de estudo de caso, analisando quantitativamente e qualitativamente os efeitos da transição de um atendimento 100% humano para um modelo híbrido (chatbot + humanos). Os resultados mostraram uma redução significativa no número de tickets abertos por inscrição e por formação após a introdução do chatbot. A conclusão destaca que o chatbot trouxe maior agilidade no atendimento e permitiu que a equipe humana focasse em questões mais complexas, contribuindo para a melhoria da experiência do usuário.
Pitfalls in HBV Treatment and Management
Authors: Umutesi Justine , Serumondo Janvier , Mambo Muvunyi Claude
Published: December 2024

Although new infections due to viral hepatitis are declining as a result of numerous efforts to prevent and control hepatitis B virus (HBV), it remains the second leading infectious cause of death after tuberculosis. The lack of contextual management of HBV and its consequences may be one of the many reasons for these deaths. Drugs such as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) are effective but have serious side effects, including bone and kidney dysfunction, which make survival more uncertain. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has proved safer, more tolerant and more stable in plasma than TDF, but its price is of little help. People infected with hepatitis V virus (HCV), and also with human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV), benefit from free treatment in most countries, but not those chronically infected with HBV. Our aim is to discuss when to start HBV treatment and which drug to prefer. We also discuss the pathogenicity of HBV, HIV and hepatitis C coinfection.
Ecology and Health: Bird-Human Interaction
Authors: Kisasa Kafutshi Robert , Kopij Grzegorz
Published: December 2024

In public discharge soiled by various wastes, including the excrement of poultry, hospitals, and agri-food industries, that the commensal birds that are the subject of our studies feed. By feeding in these garbage dumps, commensal birds become infected with bacteria present in the feces, thus becoming reservoirs and/or potential vectors of various known diseases in humans. In this chapter, some Enterobacteriaceae and ectoparasites of birds that frequent humans for food and shelter will be presented because they are responsible for various diseases known in humans. This chapter is therefore part of this new “One Health” approach. It involves the identification of ectoparasites of commensal bird vectors of known diseases in humans and in livestock farming, the determination of the composition of the intestinal microbiota of some commensal birds in the city of Kinshasa, the mapping of antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae of stray chickens, and the search for new sensitive molecular derived from antibiotics commonly used in the city of Kinshasa. In addition, this chapter illustrates the ecological role of birds as biological indicators of environmental quality.
Distributed Geospatial Information Systems Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Musa Mohammed , Gasmalla Obai , Elmahal Anwarelsadat , Ganawa Eltaib
Published: December 2024

The chapter titled “Distributed Geospatial Information Systems Challenges and Opportunities” delves into the comprehensive landscape of distributed geospatial technologies and their evolution. It begins with an introduction to Distributed Geospatial Information Systems (DGIS), outlining the fundamental concepts and features. It traces the evolution of DGIS, highlighting significant advancements, emphasising DGIS critical role in managing and analysing large-scale geospatial data efficiently. The architecture of DGIS is examined, elucidating the components and frameworks that enable their distributed nature. A comparative comparison between distributed and centralised geospatial information systems is provided, showcasing the advantages and limitations of each approach. The chapter explores geospatial data replication and synchronization, emphasizing methods to ensure consistency and integrity in distributed systems. The chapter explores DGIS’s role in SDI, enhancing geospatial data accessibility and usability. The chapter also covers parallel and distributed geospatial data processing and analysis techniques, which are pivotal for handling complex and voluminous geospatial datasets. To provide practical insights, case studies and applications of DGIS in various fields are presented, demonstrating their real-world utility and impact. Finally, the chapter concludes with an exploration of future trends and directions in DGIS, forecasting emerging technologies and potential developments that will shape the future of geospatial information systems.
A Pilot Study in a Recently Established Childhood Cancer Center for Evaluating the Priority of National Pediatric Cancer Registry
Authors: Mehrvar Azim , Tashvighi Maryam , Ehsani Mohammad Ali , Mehrvar Narjes , Tanhayi Amir , Sabery Nejad Javad
Published: December 2024

Background: Pediatric cancers account for nearly 2% of all cancers worldwide. In 2018, there were approximately 200,000 newly diagnosed cases of childhood cancer. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the need for a national pediatric cancer registry based on case incidence. Methods: This pilot study was conducted on 100 children with cancer who were treated in a recently established pediatric hematology oncology department of Golestan Hospital. Demographic and epidemiological data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Results: Sixty-four percent of children with cancer were girls, and the average age of the patients was 7.6 ± 0.42 years. The most common types of cancer diagnosed were leukemia, brain tumor, lymphoma, and retinoblastoma respectively. Metastasis was confirmed in 11 cases. The most prevalent clinical manifestations of cancer included fever, weakness, loss of appetite, paleness, and weight loss. Conclusions: The results of this study align with global rates and data. Based on the findings, the authors emphasize the necessity and priority of establishing a pediatric cancer registry in Iran's health ministry. Therefore, all healthcare workers and specialists in pediatric hematology and oncology should make concerted efforts to establish this registry.
Efficacy and Complications Comparison Between Emergent and Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Surgery
Authors: Gholizadeh Hamed , Andisheh Mohsen , Raeeszadeh Mohammad , Heydari Soleyman , Akhavan-Moghaddam Jamal , Morshedi Mahdi , Rezaee Maryaam , Mohebbi Hasanali , Daryabor Mehrdad
Published: December 2024

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the preferred surgical procedure for treating symptomatic gallstone (GS) disease. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the outcomes of emergent and elective LC, focusing on complications, conversion rates, duration of surgery (DOS), length of hospital stay, and post-operative pain. Methods: A total of 166 patients who underwent LC surgery at Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran, between 2021 and 2022 were included in the study. Of these, 64 patients underwent emergent LC, and 102 underwent elective LC. The groups were compared for complications, conversion rates, DOS, length of hospital stay, and post-operative pain. Results: The study revealed that while intraoperative complications did not differ significantly between the two groups (P = 0.14), there was a significant difference in the conversion of surgical methods from three to four trocars (P = 0.007). Additionally, more patients in the emergent group required drain insertion during surgery (P = 0.003). Regarding post-operative outcomes, no significant differences were observed between the emergent and elective LC groups in terms of local (P = 0.77) and systemic complications (P = 0.37). However, patients in the elective LC group experienced a significantly shorter post-operative hospital stay (P = 0.002). Pain levels one day (1.02 ± 0.80) and one week (0.14 ± 0.43) after surgery were lower in the elective LC group. Furthermore, patients in the elective group returned to daily activities earlier (3.77 ± 1.21 days). Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that emergent LC is as safe as elective LC. However, patients undergoing elective LC may benefit from a shorter recovery period and reduced post-operative pain. Overall, LC remains a low-risk and safe option for managing emergent gallstone cases.
GDAR: A Secure Authentication for Dapp Interoperability in Blockchain
Authors:   REVA University/School of Computer Science and Engineering, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Thota Surekha , Patil Shantala Devi , Shyam Gopal Krishna , Prasad Bhanu
Published: December 2024

Enterprises are adopting blockchain technology to build a server-less and trust-less system by assuring immutability and are contributing to blockchain research, innovation, and implementation. This led to the genesis of various decentralized blockchain platforms and applications that are unconnected with each other. Interoperability between these siloed blockchains is a must to reach its full potential. To facilitate mass adoption, technology should have the ability to transact between various decentralized applications (dapps) on the same chain, integrate with existing systems, and initiate transactions on other networks. In our research, we propose a secured authentication mechanism that enables various decentralized applications on the same chain to interact with each other using a global dapp authentication registry (GDAR). We carried out an in-depth performance evaluation and conclude that our proposed mechanism is an operative authentication solution for dapp interoperability.
A Novel GAN-based Chaotic Method with DNA Computing for Enhancing Security of Medical Images
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NITP, Bihar, India, Murmu Anita , Kumar Piyush
Published: December 2024

Medical images are utilized to diagnose patients' health conditions. Nowadays, medical images are sent over the internet for diagnosis purposes. So, they should be protected from cyber attackers. These medical images are sensitive to any minor changes, and the data volume is rapidly increasing. Thus, security and storage costs must be considered in medical images. Traditional encryption and compression methods are ineffective for encrypting medical images due to their high execution time and algorithm complexity. In this paper, a novel 2D-chaos and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) with DeoxyriboNucleic Acid (DNA) computing is proposed for generating encryption keys and improving the security of medical images. The proposed scheme uses GAN and 2D-chaos to generate the private key and diffusion process. The pixel values of the original images in the proposed schemes are shuffled using Mersenne Twister (MT) to improve the security of medical images. Moreover, the novel 2D-Chaotic Tent Map (2D-CTM) method is used to construct the key while performing XOR-based encryption. The proposed model has been tested on different medical images, namely the COVIDx-19 X-ray images, the malaria microscopic images, and the brain MRI images. The experiment results have been evaluated using performance metrics, namely key space, histogram analysis, entropy, key sensitivity, robustness analysis, correlation, SSIM, and MS-SSIM. The outcomes demonstrate that the proposed scheme is more effective than the state-of-the-art schemes.
Students’ Research Skills Development by Using Visualization
Authors:   Department of Higher Mathematics, Sumy National Agrarian University, 160 Herasyma Kondratieva Street, Sumy, Ukraine, Anzhela Rozumenko , Anatolii Rozumenko , Artem Yurchenko , Yurii Khvorostina , Olena Semenikhina
Published: December 2024

The analysis of modern methodological systems of teaching mathematics shows that the use of interactive visual models can positively influence the result of mastering mathematical knowledge and the level of students' research skills. The development of IT has made the emergence of many specialized environments and services focused on solving mathematical problems possible. Among such software tools, a separate group of programs should be highlighted that allow interactive user interaction with geometric objects. These computer programs enable the student to independently "discover" geometric facts, which gives reason to consider such programs as a tool for developing their research skills. The study aims to substantiate the positive impact of visual models (models created in interactive mathematical environments) on developing students' research skills and general mastery of the school geometry course. We have presented a methodological scheme for developing students' research skills using GeoGebra (Technique), conducted its expert evaluation, and experimentally tested its effectiveness. The experts noted the potential efficacy of the Technique in terms of the quality of students' geometric knowledge (91.7%) and improving their performance in geometry in general (79.2%). The statistical analysis of the results of the pedagogical experiment confirmed that the student's research skills increased along with the semester grades in learning geometry. The results of the pedagogical experiment showed the effectiveness of the Technique we developed and provided grounds for recommending it for implementation.
The impact of the visual design of public spaces In the Arabic city
Authors: Kaled H.M. , Maysoon M.H.
Published: December 2024

A good design of public urban spaces considers all the visual and aesthetic determinants dedicated to its formation. In a design of public urban spaces in European cities, it is a studying perception of form in the townscape. In addition, most design focuses on the details of constituent elements to suit the overall consideration to aesthetic form. It has a lack of design study in the Arab cities, where all the considerations are not fully applied. The design neglects the study of the visual dimensions and the cultural identity of the Arab city. Therefore, this research is to fill the knowledge gaps and deficiencies about the formation of the urban spaces in Arab cities. The Methodology of this research is descriptive and analytic. It discusses the design determinants of visual and aesthetic composition of public spaces in the Arab cities. It is also a study on the determinants of visual reading of its components by analyzing their forms and their relationship with the surrounding elements (building masses, street furniture elements) and by using the space syntax assessment technique to identify the foundations and visual access to a graphic and aesthetic design reflecting the Arabic identity.
Development of geopolymer binders
Authors: Murtazaev S.Yu. , Salamanova M.Sh. , Saidumov M.S. , Gatsaev Z.Sh. , Alaskhanov A.Kh. , Murtazaeva T.S.
Published: December 2024

The scale of consumption of raw materials is large, and to a greater extent, it is the building materials industry that has a detrimental effect on the environment, thereby disturbing the pristine appearance and landscape of nature. Production volumes of Portland cement clinker have exceeded the mark of 5 billion tons per year. But the key dilemma lies in the emission of greenhouse gases, because during the high-temperature processing of raw materials to produce clinker, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are released into the atmosphere. At the same time, slag-alkali and geopolymer binders can be considered as an alternative to resource-intensive Portland cement; they have found practical application in many developed countries of the world. A large backlog of research has allowed the authors of the work to model materials of both technogenic and natural origin “technogenic reaction powder – natural component – alkaline activator” in one binder system. Microanalysis confirmed the effectiveness of the integrated use of sodium silicofluoride and finely dispersed bentonite additives in the binder system, which had a beneficial effect on the pore structure of the stone and the properties of the cement stone. Using a properly designed binder composition “aspiration dust – finely dispersed bentonite – sodium silicofluoride – alkaline binder”, it is possible to obtain high-quality and durable composites with a low carbon footprint, thereby solving many environmental problems.
On War (Nature, Causes, Impacts) – and Peace
Authors: Majumdar Deepa ,   Gnomon Center for the Humanities
Published: December 2024

In this essay, the author uses the theological worldview of Advaita Vedānta to approach war and peace philosophically and theologically, rather than empirically. Seeing our contemporary world-wide historical turbulence as a sign that we are being dredged in preparation for a new macro-cycle of history, she considers perpetual war more likely than perpetual peace in the current cycle – but perhaps less so in the next cycle. Distinguishing war from the coup, the revolution, and the genocide, and unjust from just war, the author reflects on the nature of war – especially the hi-tech war. Upholding free-will, she considers three causes of war. If human passions are its immediate causes, then the vices that underlie the passions are its ultimate causes, and loss of the ascetic norms (a hallmark of modernity) is its principle precipitating cause. Adding to this, a heightened will-to-power serves as the frontispiece of war. Invoking the individual’s karmic ledger of merit and demerit, the author reflects on the overall impacts of war, focusing especially on the moral plight of the soldier. Based on the premise that war and peace are one among the pairs of opposites that plague Immanence, the author distinguishes different levels and types of peace (inner-outer, higher-lower, mental-natural). Envisioning true tranquility as the heart and essence of the solitary solipsistic divine One (Brahman), the author distinguishes between ordinary peace and the eternal abiding tran-quility that is God. Invoking the hallowed state of nirvanic unio mystica, the author concludes that the very existence of divinized sages quells the will-to-war. Moreover, the surest antidote to a nuclear holocaust lies not only in the presence of such sages, but in Brahman – the fountainhead of inner peace that ensconces the universe even as it permeates it.
Is Scholasticism “Philosophy as a Way of Life”?
Authors: Gracy Lance H. ,   Gnomon Center for the Humanities
Published: December 2024

The scope of this essay is investigatory and its results look to renew interest in metaphilosophical analysis on the work of St. Bonaventure. This essay will, therefore, offer an account of St. Bonaventure’s scholastic mystagogy as a philosophical way of life. One of the purposes of this is to recover interest in “philosophy as a way of life” (PWL) especially as articulated in Simone Kotva’s recent work, Effort and Grace (Bloomsbury, 2020), Pierre Hadot’s Philosophy as a Way of Life (Blackwell, 1995) and Sharpe’s and Ure’s Philosophy as a Way of Life (Bloomsbury, 2021). More specifically, the intention with this essay is to recover a scholastic appreciation for philosophy as a spiritual exercise. In the same breadth, however, the intention is also to restore appreciation of scholastic philosophy as a philosophical way of life by analysis of themes, ideas, concepts, etc. pertinent to St. Bonaventure’s Collationes in Hexaëmeron. First, I provide an overview of “philosophy as a way of life” (PWL). I then develop Bonaventure’s “scholastic mystagogy” and adduce “seraphic philosophy” to it at a level of acceptability. Following this, I provide a situated understanding of seraphic philosophy and explain the concepts of grace and effort relative to it. I end by proposing ten items of PWL according to a Bonaventurian philosophy and conclude with relevant remarks. My tentative thesis or conclusion (i.e., what remains relatively underdeveloped but which is significantly upheld in my theoretical investigation) is that “seraphic philosophy” implies a new model for understanding philosophy in Christianity, whereby St. Francis comes to be seen as a “greater-Socrates” and St. Bonaventure, as a “greater-Plato.”
From Principial Theoria to Anarchic Praxis in the Radical Phenomenology of Reiner Schürmann
Authors: Krummel John W. M. ,   DePaul University
Published: December 2024

Reiner Schürmann, known for his readings of Heidegger and Eckhart, was also known for his philosophy of ontological anarché. The transition from metaphysical theory to post-metaphysical practice, for him, meant the transition from theoria, which looks at phenomena monomorphically in accordance with principles (archai), to a praxis that is an-archic and thinks in recognition of polymorphic singularities. Here, I seek to clarify Schürmann’s notion of ontological anarchy and the praxis following it. I inquire into its political implications and relation to political anarchism. What is the connection between his “radical phenomenology” of ontological anarché and what he called anarchic praxis?