bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planificando la enseñanza problematizada : el ejemplo de la óptica geométrica
Authors: Osuna García Luís , Martínez Torregrosa Joaquín , Carrascosa Alís Jaime , Verdú Carbonell Rafaela
Published: June 2021

La planificación de la enseñanza problematizada de los temas requiere seleccionar una meta orientadora (qué nos gustaría conseguir con nuestros alumnos en el tema a tratar), un problema estructurante e identificar grandes pasos que permiten avanzar en su solución y posibles obstáculos asociados. Estas decisiones se basan en un estudio histórico, epistemológico y de la investigación didáctica ya realizada en el campo (Duit et al., 2005; Furió et al., 2006; Verdú et al., 2002). Antes de la concreción de esta planificación en una secuencia de actividades para el aula (programa-guía), su relevancia potencial para la mejora de la enseñanza es sometida a pruebas mediante un estudio empírico. En este artículo presentamos los resultados de este proceso para la enseñanza del modelo de visión de Kepler en la etapa secundaria, cuya apropiación hemos considerado la meta orientadora de la enseñanza de la óptica geométrica en este nivel educativo.
Una experiencia de investigación acción acerca de la redacción de informes de laboratorio por alumnos de física y química de primero de bachillerato
Authors: Castro Reigosa , Emilio Carlos
Published: June 2021

En esta experiencia se analiza la redacción de los informes de investigación correspondientes a siete tareas de laboratorio por parte de los alumnos de un grupo de primero de bachillerato. Esas tareas fueron concebidas en términos de resolución de problemas y fueron realizadas durante un curso académico. Valoramos si se produjo alguna mejoría en los productos elaborados por los estudiantes, para lo cual desarrollamos indicadores, y, habiendo encontrado que sí ocurrió, estudiamos sus causas mediante una metodología naturalista. Hallamos que es posible que los estudiantes mejoren la redacción de informes de laboratorio, pero que esta mejora estuvo ligada, en el caso analizado, a acciones instruccionales diseñadas específicamente para permitirles comprender mejor las características y requerimientos de este género de escritura.
La introducción de los conceptos relativos al azar y la probabilidad en libros de texto universitarios
Authors: Barragués Fuentes José Ignacio , Guisasola Aranzabal Jenaro
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo presentamos un estudio sobre el modo en que se introducen los conceptos relativos al azar y la probabilidad en una muestra de 34 libros de texto universitarios. Nuestro enfoque se ha centrado en determinados componentes de tipo epistemológico y didáctico. Los resultados del estudio parecen indicar la ausencia en la mayoría de los textos de ciertos aspectos importantes del marco teórico de las matemáticas que podrían ser explotados para aproximarse al objetivo de lograr un aprendizaje signifi cativo por parte de los estudiantes.
El uso y el volumen de información en las representaciones gráficas cartesianas presentadas en los libros de texto de ciencias experimentales
Authors: García García José Joaquín
Published: June 2021

Las representaciones gráficas cartesianas son muy importantes en los currículos de ciencias y matemáticas. En la ciencia en particular, pueden ser usadas para describir principios, para explicar situaciones y para predecir el comportamiento de los fenómenos. Esta investigación determina los usos que presentan las representaciones gráficas cartesianas incluidas en los libros de física-química y química usados en la escuela secundaria en España y compara este uso con la cantidad de información pertinente presentada dentro y fuera del gráfico, tratando de establecer las tendencias de los autores acerca de este tipo de gráficas.
Atribuir un significado a la matemática a través de la visualización
Authors: Figueiras Lourdes , Deulofeu Piquet Jordi
Published: June 2021

En el artículo se analiza la utilización de diagramas visuales en la resolución de problemas y su efecto sobre el significado que se atribuye a la matemática. En el trabajo se presta atención a la interacción de tres perspectivas -sociológica, cultural y cognitiva-, desde las cuales se han desarrollado investigaciones diversas sobre visualización.
Papel de las relaciones entre ciencia, tecnologia, sociedad y ambiente en la formación ciudadana
Authors: Soles J. , Vilches Amparo
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo se analizan las visiones de los estudiantes de secundaria sobre los problemas asociados a los desarrollos científicos y tecnológicos, la evaluación de ciencia y tecnología y la toma de decisiones, aspectos de las relaciones CTSA (ciencia, tecnología, sociedad y ambiente) de gran importancia para una adecuada formación de científicos y ciudadanos responsables.
¿Es importante la epistemología de las ciencias en la formación de investigadores y de profesores en física?
Authors: Colombo de Cudmani L. , Salinas de Sandoval J.
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo fundamentamos la pertinencia de la epistemología en la formación de profesores en física e investigadores en física y en enseñanza de la física.También analizamos diversas experiencias realizadas a lo largo de los últimos veinte años, en las que hemos participado en la incorporación de tópicos de epistemología en la formación de profesores e investigadores (Colombo de Cudmani, L., Salinas, J., Jaén, M., 2000).Estas experiencias se han desarrollado fundamentalmente en cuatro contextos:-  Curso de grado sobre «Elementos de Epistemología e Historia de la Física» (asignatura obligatoria del plan de estudios de las carreras de bachiller universitario en física y licenciado en física de la UNT).-  Diversos cursos de formación, de perfeccionamiento y de postgrado, destinados a docentes en física de diversos niveles y orientaciones educativos (en los que la dimensión epistemológica se integra funcionalmente al tratamiento de contenidos educativos o disciplinares específicos).-  Cursos de postgrado sobre «Epistemología de la Física» e «Impacto Epistemológico de la Física Contemporánea» (asignaturas del plan de estudios de la carrera de postgrado de magister en Enseñanza de las Ciencias -Área Física- de la UNT).-  Curso de postgrado sobre «Modelos de Aprendizaje que fundamentan la Enseñanza de las Ciencias Fácticas» (asignatura del plan de estudios de la carrera de postgrado de magister en Enseñanza de las Ciencias -Área Física- de la UNT).
Significado de la media en los libros de texto de Secundaria
Authors: Cobo Merino Belén , Batanero Bernabeu Carmen
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo presentamos un estudio del significado de la media en una muestra de 22 libros de educación secundaria obligatoria. Analizamos los problemas propuestos, algoritmos de cálculo, definiciones, propiedades, representaciones y argumentos. Concluimos la variedad de significados presentados en los libros para un mismo concepto, así como la ausencia de algunos elementos que lo harían más significativo para los estudiantes.
Problemas cuantitativos y comprensión de conceptos
Authors: Perren M. A. , Bottani E. J. , Odetti H. S.
Published: June 2021

Los docentes de química a nivel universitario usamos «problemas», habitualmente de tipo cuantitativo, para enseñar y para evaluar. En este trabajo ponemos en duda de que lo hagamos en forma eficaz.Se muestra, a partir de pruebas diagnósticas de pares de problemas (uno cuantitativo y otro cualitativo similar), que muchos estudiantes pueden resolver los problemas cuantitativos sin una adecuada comprensión conceptual.
Los profesores de ciencias como profesores de lenguaje
Authors: Sutton Clive
Published: June 2021

A fin de contribuir a las discusiones acerca de las políticas de educación científica, en este trabajo exploro un marco teórico para la enseñanza de las ciencias, la formación de profesores de ciencias y la investigación en didáctica de las ciencias que enfatiza el papel del lenguaje como herramienta interpretativa en situaciones nuevas. Mi aproximación está tomada de la historia de la ciencia y de los estudios sobre la estructura de la argumentación científica, que muestran que, cuando un área del pensamiento científico es nueva, el papel interpretativo del lenguaje es central. Las nuevas formas de «mirar» lo que sucede están estrechamente conectadas con nuevas formas de hablar sobre ello y con nuevas preferencias en los procedimientos de investigación. Entonces, si se desea que los estudiantes entiendan «qué hacen los científicos», se necesita que ellos se concentren en el lenguaje y en el experimento. De esta manera pueden desarrollar capacidades para hablar acerca de un tema científico cuando las imágenes, el discurso y el método van juntos. Se puede pensar en los profesores como guías que ayudan a los estudiantes a explorar estos sublenguajes de temas particulares, que han sido desarrollados por los científicos y que ahora discurren por nuestra cultura
Representaciones mentales, lenguajes y códigos en la enseñanza de ciencias naturales. Un ejemplo para el aprendizaje de concepto de "reacción química" a partir del concepto de "mezcla"
Authors: Galagovsky Lydia R. , Rodríguez María Alejandra , Stamati Nora , Morales Laura F.
Published: June 2021

Las propuestas formuladas por Johnstone acerca del uso de tres niveles de representaciones mentales para quien enseña química y de un modelo sencillo de aprendizaje basado en la importancia de los aprendizajes previos son el marco teórico del presente trabajo. Nuestro objetivo se centró en indagar la adquisición del aprendizaje del concepto de reacción química a partir del concepto de mezcla, sobre dos grupos de alumnos diferentes, de 16-17 años. El trabajo nos permitió revisar críticamente el marco teórico, tomar conciencia de la diversidad de lenguajes que utilizamos durante la enseñanza y de la importancia de explicitar los códigos de cada lenguaje para mejorar la comunicación entre docentes y alumnos.
Promover la educación científica a través de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC)
Authors: Linn Marcia C.
Published: June 2021

La educación científica debe preparar a los estudiantes para analizar y evaluar los avances tecnológicos, desde el láser al genoma humano. A fin de planificar el cuidado de la propia salud o elegir una nueva residencia, los ciudadanos deben evaluar alternativas que reflejan avances tecnológicos. A medida que la ciencia y la tecnología avanzan, los ciudadanos necesitan desarrollar la capacidad de responder a nuevas alternativas y de criticar mensajes persuasivos sobre muchas cosas, desde medicamentos hasta materiales de construcción. El Web-based Inquiry Science Environment (WISE) ayuda a los estudiantes y diseñadores de currículo que buscan alcanzar estos objetivos. A medida que experimentamos con programas educativos para alcanzar estos objetivos, nos beneficiamos de la colaboración internacional y de la comunicación. Cuanto más podamos aprender los unos de los otros, más puede mejorar nuestra educación científica.
Investigación-acción en el desarrollo de proyectos curriculares innovadores de ciencias
Authors: Membiela Pedro
Published: June 2021

Un grupo de investigación-acción ha diseñado dos proyectos curriculares innovadores de ciencias para enseñanza secundaria, que tienen como meta fundamental la relevancia social y personal. El proceso de construcción curricular en la práctica ha estado orientado por la evaluación holística centrada en la mejora educativa, consiguiendo una valoración positiva por parte de los implicados. El análisis en profundidad de las condiciones educativas existentes y el uso de la investigación para el cambio en la escuela (Keeves, 1998) han supuesto, en nuestro caso, un importante desarrollo profesional de todos los integrantes del grupo de investigación-acción.
Un estudio comparativo sobre el pensamiento profesional y la «acción docente» de los profesores de ciencias de educación secundaria. Parte II
Authors: Martínez Aznar M. Mercedes , Martín del Pozo Rosa , Rodrigo Vega Maximiliano , Varela Nieto María Paloma , Fernández Lozano M. P. , Guerrero Serón Antonio
Published: June 2021

Este artículo es la segunda parte de una investigación más amplia sobre el pensamiento del profesor (Martínez et al., 2001). En este caso el estudio gira en torno al análisis de las diferencias y similitudes entre dos muestras de profesores de ciencias de educación secundaria que difieren en sus años de docencia y en su trayectoria profesional, definida por la realización de cursos de formación permanente de alta cualificación científica y didáctica. En un primer apartado se analizan facetas relacionadas con la motivación y la satisfacción en la realización de su tarea, la manera de entender la formación del profesor y sus percepciones sobre diferentes factores profesionales. A continuación se aborda lo que «dicen hacer» en relación a aspectos curriculares referidos a contenidos, metodología y evaluación. A partir del análisis de las respuestas a los cuestionarios elaborados se plantean una serie de reflexiones que buscarían mejorar el «desarrollo profesional» de este colectivo de profesores.
¿Qué puede hacer un profesor como tú o un alumno como el tuyo con un libro de texto como éste? Una relación de actividades poco convencionales
Authors: Campanario Juan Miguel
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se sugieren actividades y tareas poco convencionales para alumnos y profesores que pueden realizarse utilizando los libros de texto de ciencias habituales. Con estas actividades y tareas se intenta fomentar el procesamiento en profundidad de la información de los libros de textos por parte de los alumnos o que éstos aprendan sobre sus propios procesos de aprendizaje.
Tenerife tiene seguro de sol (y de luna): representaciones del profesorado de primaria acerca del día y de la noche
Authors: Vega Navarro Ana
Published: June 2021

This study is adressed to report which the ideas about «day» and «night» are from a sample of Primary School Teachers in the Island of Tenerife. A frequent association of the Moon with the night is persistently shown by a third part of teachers. As a consequence, they consider the Moon to be static, and therefore are not able to correctly explain the day and night cycle. Four wrong representations are identified: rotation, revolution, appearance-disappearance and occultation-eclipse.In the light of these results, the author points out the need for revising textbooks contents and images and giving a new direction to teacher’s education. Thus, scientific and didactics education has to take into account that it is actually inside the classrooms where pupils learn many of their alternative frameworks transmitted by their own teachers.
¿Qué pensamiento profesional y curricular tienen los futuros profesores de ciencias de secundaria?
Authors: Martínez Aznar M. Mercedes , Martín del Pozo Rosa , Rodrigo Vega Maximiliano , Varela Nieto María Paloma , Fernández Lozano M. P. , Guerrero Serón Antonio
Published: June 2021

This article is a part of a wider research on secondary science teachers’ beliefs. Through the use of a questionnaire data were obtained from 211 secondary science teacher candidates. Analyses of data are discussed in terms of their implication in science teacher education.
Distintos niveles de análisis para el estudio del cambio conceptual en el dominio de la mecánica
Authors: Oliva Martínez José Mª
Published: June 2021

A quasi-experimental study on the conceptual change in mechanics, it has been accomplished following various levels of analysis. Eighty-five students of tenth grade of a public school completed two questionnaires on mechanics phenomena, before and after being taught. The obtained results showed the presence of qualitative and quantitative changes in the cognitive structure. These changes affected the specific ideas expressed through particular answers, as well as the most general frameworks on which those answers were based. From those results some implications for didactic interest and for the investigation are commented.
Los problemas resueltos en textos universitarios de física
Authors: Concari Sonia Beatriz , Giorgi Silvia María
Published: June 2021

This study presents a description of Physics university solved problems textbooks. The aim is to make a characteri­sation of authors’ treatment of the presentation and resolution of these problems and to investigate its congruity with an investigation model of problem solving.From the analysis of the results it comes out that a presentation of the problematic situation as a closed problem predominates in the sample. Also basic problem-solving processes are not explicit and analysis of results is limited. It is concluded that treatment of solved problems textbooks as examples presents weak coherence with a scientific conception of problem solving.
¿Qué tienen en cuenta los profesores cuando seleccionan el contenido de enseñanza? Cambios y dificultades tras un programa de formación
Authors: Sánchez Blanco Gaspar , Valcárcel Pérez María Victoria
Published: June 2021

The selection and sequencing of syllabus content is one of the main tasks the teacher has to approach in his/her new role as curriculum designer. The teaching proposals produced should be theoretically-driven so that specific procedures are suggested for the analysis of disciplinary content and pupils’ characteristics. Knowledge regarding teachers’ beliefs about these proposals, the difficulties involved in learning them and their scope of application is necessary in order to analyze how adequate they might be for inducing educational changes. In this paper, we present the initial teaching beliefs and teaching practices of a group of secondary school teachers who had previously received a training course in which a teaching proposal was presented. Also, some information is outlined concerning their assessment of the proposal as well as the learning and educational changes effected.
Formación de modelos mentales en la resolución de problemas de genética
Authors: Sigüenza Molina Agustín Francisco
Published: June 2021

From the perspective of the so-called «Psychology of Information Processing» we analyse the building of mental models through the resolution of problems in the field of classical genetics. This analysis is focused on the representation of the knowledge and the problems, as well as on the inference process, used by students while trying to find a solution. The methodology used in the research, of a causal-explanatory type, has finally rendered hypotheses on the general principles controlling the formation of mental representations and their redescription to develop more consistent and flexible models.
¿Puede hablarse de consenso constructivista en la educación científica?
Authors: Gil D. , Carrascosa Alís Jaime , Dumas-Carré Andrée , Furió-Mas Carles , Gallego Badillo Rómulo , Gené A. , González Eduardo M. , Guisasola Aranzabal Jenaro , Martínez Torregrosa Joaquín , Pessoa de Carvalho Ana M. , Salinas Julia , Tricárico H. , Valdés P.
Published: June 2021

In this paper we analyse some of the criticisms that are being made to the «constructivist paradigm» and their implications on the development of the didactic of the sciences as a theoretical body knowledge.
The cost of one unit blood transfusion components and cost-effectiveness analysis results of transfusion improvement program
Authors: İndelen Cenk , Uygun Kızmaz Yeşim , Kar Ahmet , Shander Aryeh , Kırali Kaan
Published: June 2021

Background: This study aims to analyze the cost of the entire transfusion process in Turkey including evaluation of the cost of transfusion from the perspective of hospital management and determination of savings achieved with the transfusion improvement program.

Methods: Invoices, labor, material costs were calculated with micro-costing method, while general production expenses were calculated with gross costing method between January 2018 and December 2019. Unit costs for each blood product were calculated separately by collecting unit acquisition costs, material costs, labor costs, and general production expenses and, then, distributed into six different blood products as follows: erythrocyte suspension, fresh frozen plasma, pooled platelet, apheresis platelet, cryoprecipitate, fresh whole blood. The total costs for 2018 and 2019 were calculated and the savings achieved were estimated. The Turkish Lira was converted into the United States Dollar ($) currency using the purchasing power parity.

Results: In 2018/2019, the blood component transfusion cost was $240.90/251.18 for erythrocyte suspension, $120.00/128.67 for fresh frozen plasma, $313.50/322.19 for pooled platelet, $314.24/325.73 for apheresis platelet, $104.95/113.99 for cryoprecipitate, and $189.91/209.09 for fresh whole blood. The total transfusion cost was $6,224,208.33 in 2108 and $5,308,148.43 in 2019. As a result of the transfusion improvement program launched in 2019, the amount of blood components decreased by 23.24%, compared to the previous year, and a saving of $916,059.9 was achieved.

Conclusion: The transfusion is a burden for both the hospital management systems and the country's economy. To accurately calculate and manage this economic burden is important for sustainable healthcare services.
A perfect storm: Open surgical approach to iatrogenic abdominal aortic injury developed during percutaneous nephrostomy
Authors: Karaagaç Ertürk , Gökhan Şeker Kamil , Reyhancan Adem , Azar Ramazan , Ertan Ulucan Ali
Published: June 2021

Percutaneous nephrostomy catheter insertion allows the diagnosis and treatment of many pathologies from kidney failure to infection and obstruction. Vascular injuries are considered one of the complications of percutaneous interventions and are rarely seen after percutaneous nephrostomy catheter insertion. Herein, we report the first case of the successful surgical treatment of iatrogenic abdominal aortic injury after percutaneous nephrostomy catheter insertion in a 78-year-old female patient who developed hydroureteronephrosis and acute renal failure due to obstructive ureteral stone in the right proximal ureter.
Studi Pelaksanaan Integrasi SMK3 dan SMKK Pada BUMN PT. XX (Persero)
Authors: Indrayana Desiderius Viby , Pribadi Krishna Suryanto , Tamin Rizal Z. , Mahani Iris
Published: June 2021

Salah satu fenomena sektor industri konstruksi periode lima tahun terakhir (2015-2020) adalah fakta data kepemilikan sertifikat Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3) perusahaan mengalami kenaikan mendekati 70% (2017) namun tingkat kecelakaan kerja tidak mengalami penurunan bahkan mengalami kenaikan mendekati 40% (2017) (data Kemenaker RI). Persentase terbesar dari kecelakaan kerja tersebut disumbang oleh sektor konstruksi yaitu 32%. Melalui Permen PUPR RI No. 21/PRT/M/2019 pasal.3 ditegaskan bahwa setiap penyedia jasa harus menerapkan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan Konstruksi (SMKK) dalam penyelenggaraan Jasa Konstruksi. PP No.50 tahun 2012 juga mewajibkan SMK3 bagi perusahaan yang memiliki potensi bahaya tinggi, yang salah satunya adalah perusahaan sektor konstruksi. Penerapan sistem tersebut secara terintegrasi dalam perusahaan konstruksi akan menimbulkan tantangan serta dampak, bagi perusahaan maupun proyek secara khusus. Makalah ini mencoba menyajikan hasil pengambilan informasi terkait tantangan dan dampak kondisi tdiatas melalui metode indepth interview online yang dilakukan oleh peneliti terhadap stakeholder PT. XX (persero). Informasi dan data yang didapat akan dibandingkan dan disinkronisasikan dengan beberapa hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Dan kesimpulan penelitiani ni adalah penerapan terintegrasi SMK3 dan SMKK dapat dilaksanakan oleh PT. XX (persero) dengan salah satu cara dengan memodifikasi form isian agar dapat digunakan secara bersamaan dalam audit SMK3, SMKK dan bahkan ISO 45001.
Penilaian Kondisi Visual dan Prediksi Sisa Umur Jembatan Way Gedau Lampung dengan Metode Bridge Management System
Authors: Safana Nadifa Gina , Sumargo Sumargo
Published: June 2021

Jembatan merupakan prasarana yang erat kaitannya dengan sistem jaringan jalan karena jika terjadi kerusakan pada jembatan, maka lalu lintas akan terganggu. Oleh sebab itu pemeriksaan dan penilaian kondisi jembatan merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk menjaga jembatan agar berkinerja secara optimal. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah mengidentifikasi kerusakan elemen dan struktur Jembatan Way Gedau sehingga dapat diperoleh gambaran kondisi dan memprediksi sisa umur jembatan. Pemeriksaan inventarisasi dan pemeriksaan detail Jembatan Way Gedau dilaksanakan tahun 2017 menggunakan metode BMS yang telah menjadi rujukan umum pemeriksaan jembatan di Indonesia. Dari data tersebut dilakukan pengolahan data untuk menentukan nilai kondisi. Selanjutnya nilai kondisi digunakan untuk memprediksi sisa umur jembatan dengan persamaan yang dikembangkan oleh Bina Marga. Hasil analisa menujukkan bahwa jembatan mengalami beberapa kerusakan terutama pada elemen lantai jembatan dan bangunan bawah jembatan sehingga dibutuhkan pemeliharaan rutin dan penanganan sementara. Prediksi sisa umur Jembatan Way Gedau adalah 18,89 tahun dengan nilai kondisi jembatan secara keseluruhan sebesar 2 yang berarti kondisi jembatan masuk dalam kategori rusak ringan. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa perlu dilakukan pencegahan dan perbaikan terhadap kerusakan elemen yang telah teridentifikasi untuk menjaga kinerja jembatan secara optimal hingga akhir umur rencana.
Starkregen - Rückstau - Überschwemmung
Authors: Kutter Uwe
Published: June 2021

Für alle, die ein Haus haben, ist die ordnungsgemäße Haus-/Grundstücksentwässerung mehr als eine rechtliche Betrachtung.

Die DIN 1986-100 beinhaltet bei der Planung und dem Bau von Entwässerungsanlagen für Gebäude und Grundstücke vielfältige Anforderungen, die in vielen Fällen bei Bestandsgebäuden mit Keller nicht eingehalten wurden und den meisten Hauseigentümern nicht bekannt sind.

Das Problembewusstsein wird erst geweckt, wenn Wasser- und Feuchtigkeitsschäden durch Eindringen von Oberflächenwasser, Rückstau aus dem Kanalnetz und Bodenfeuchtigkeit durch Sicker- und Grundwasser an dem Gebäude auftreten.

Gerade der nicht auszuschließende Rückstau des Abwasserkanals, der bei Nichteinhaltung der Anforderungen der DIN 1986-100 (ordnungsgemäße Rückstausicherung) dazu führt, dass der Keller mit Schmutzwasser geflutet wird, ist mehr als nur unangenehm und ein nicht versicherter Schadensfall. Die Folgeschäden sind immens und kostenintensiv. Schimmel und Hausschwamm beeinträchtigen nicht nur die Gebäudesubstanz, hier geht es um die Gesundheit der Bewohner.

Vorsorge und Wissen um die Problematik beim Hauseigentümer, beim Bauherr sowie Architekten/Bauingenieur tut also Not.

Bei einem Neubau sollte neben der Gestaltung und Raumaufteilung des Gebäudes die Grundstücksentwässerung bei den Bauherren und Architekten ein zentraler Planungspunkt sein. Beim Erwerb von Altimmobilien ist die Klärung und Prüfung der Anlagen zur Beseitigung von Abwasser und Niederschlagswasser wichtig, um sich vor unangenehmen Überraschungen zu schützen.

Nur eine ordnungsgemäße Entwässerungsanlage minimiert etwaige Schadensereignisse und ist Grundvoraussetzung für Ansprüche aus einer Elementarschadenversicherung (notwendige Zusatzversicherung für Überschwemmungsschäden) und möglicher Regressansprüche gegenüber der Kommune.

Dieses Werk fasst übersichtlich zusammen, was beim Bau zu beachten ist. Checklisten und Abbildungen veranschaulichen die Problematik.

Uwe Kutter ist Beigeordneter a.D., Ltd. Städt. Rechtsdirektor a.D.
Evaluating the Independent Impact of Renal Function Decline on Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients Undergone Cardiac CT Scan
Authors: Amouei Mehrnam , Jafari Ramezan , Khaje Azad Mohammad Amin , Rezvan Sajjad
Published: June 2021

Background: Cardiovascular events are the leading global cause of death. Calcification of coronary arteries is a common complication of renal failure and the leading cause of death in this population. However, its multifactorial mechanism is not fully understood. Objectives: The current study aimed to, firstly, investigate the association between renal dysfunction and the calcification of coronary arteries in patients with severe and milder stages of renal failure and, secondly, to determine the role of this variable by eliminating the effect of established confounding factors. Methods: Following a retrospective design, 261 patients with cardiovascular risk factors or atypical symptoms were investigated. Estimated GFR (glomerular filtration rate) was calculated using both Cockcroft-Gault and MDRD equations. An ECG-gated multidetector CT scan was performed to calculate CACS (coronary artery calcification score) using the Agatston method. The presence of significant CAC (coronary artery calcification) was defined as CACS > 100. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using binary logistic regression. Results: A total of 134 cases were diagnosed with CAC, and the mean CACS was 83.4 ± 18. According to univariate analysis, older age, male gender, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and higher TG levels were correlated with the degree of CAC. HbA1C showed a weak correlation with CACS (P-value = 0.04). Renal insufficiency resulted in increased CAC, and lower eGFR (calculated with both Cockgraft-Gault and MDRD equations) was associated with higher calcification (P-value < 0.01). Our analysis shows that serum Ca, P, LDL, and HDL levels do not have a significant influence on calcification changes. After adjusting for confounding factors, male sex, age, triglyceride level, and eGFR were recognized as independent risk factors for CACS ≥ 100, a marker of coronary artery atherosclerosis. However, HbA1C and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were no longer considered as factors that contribute to the risk of CAC. Conclusions: We observed a gradual and independent association between lower eGFR and higher CAC scores.
Computer Generated Media and Experiential Impact on our Imaginations
Authors: Talley Jared L. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2021

The human imagination is puzzling. Barring extreme cases, every person has an intimate relationship with their own imagination, and although the constitution of that relationship may itself be obscure, we should not assume that it is thus inconsequential. This raises the salient question of this essay: How is imagination consequential? I develop an account of the imagination that helps to evaluate the impact of digital manipulation through Computer Generated Media on our imaginations, especially as it occurs in media-saturated societies. This essay proceeds in four parts. First, I briefly develop an account of the imagination that serves this evaluation. Second, I describe how digital technology is able to impact our imaginations. Third, I explore the impacts that this has on our imaginations—what I label the horizontal and vertical stretching of our imaginations. Lastly, I consider plausible consequences of stretching our imaginations with digital technologies.
Urbanização desordenada e degradação ambiental associados a escorregamentos: uma abordagem metodológica para análise temporal de ocupações subnormais
Authors: Nascimento Lucas Albuquerque do , Silva Thiago Augusto da , Lafayette Kalinny Patrícia Vaz , Santos Michele Joyce Pereira dos , Cavalcanti Ariela Rocha
Published: June 2021

The evolutionary dynamics of urban centers is conditioned by several economic and socio-environmental factors. When these factors interrelate unevenly, which is often motivated by interference from competent public agencies, give rise to urban and social problems such as irregular occupations, generating high environmental risks. The objective of this study was to identify the environmental risks levels that affect a set of slopes of the municipality of Olinda / PE, through a methodological approach centered on temporal analyzes of land occupation. The research was developed with vectorization of images and orthophotocards from 1974 to 2018 and qualitative analysis of risk levels through a cause and consequence matrix. Vectorization demonstrated critical results of plant suppression and urban spot growth, with about -63.59% and + 890%, respectively. The resulting matrix showed a high negative balance for environmental risk levels. Thus, the study demonstrates that the anthropogenic interference that shaped the region conditions a series of social and environmental impacts and that the planning and diagnosis of risk levels is an essential planning tool for intervention in these locations.
Desenvolvimento de rede de estações de baixo custo para previsão regional em nowcasting
Authors: Sousa Elisvania Machado de , Melo Leonardo Alexandrino de , Puhales Franciano Scremin , Anabor Vagner
Published: June 2021

The use of Internet of Things (IoT) has intensified in the current decade, and this paper demonstrates how it can help solve problems regarding forecast, analyses and study of meteorological variables in several points of small areas. When applying the concept of IoT in meteorological instrumentation, looking forward to build a high cost-effective prototype of an embedded system, costing hundredths of a professional station,  capable of gather and share meteorological data with precision and high frequency, which are essential in applications such as nowcasting.
Uso de sensoriamento remoto via satélite na identificação de rastros de destruição por tornados em um evento de tempo severo no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Lopes Murilo Machado , Nascimento Ernani De Lima
Published: June 2021

The number of tornado reports in Brazil has increased in recent years; nevertheless, it is likely that many occurrences over uninhabited areas and/or during night time hours remain unconfirmed, especially in a country devoid of official surveys of damage caused by intense winds. This work follows previous initiatives addressing the employment of remote sensing via satellite to identify damage paths associated with tornadoes. The nocturnal event analyzed in this study took place in north-northeast Rio Grande do Sul state from the night hours of 7 June 2017 into early morning hours of the following day, and represents an example of the characterization of significant damage caused by tornadoes despite the lack of visual confirmation of the phenomenon. Images produced by low-orbit environmental satellites of the Landsat and Sentinel series are analyzed, as well as imagery made available by the commercial-purpose environmental satellites that comprise the data base of Google Earth software. To aid in the identification of damage inflicted to dense vegetation, the web tools Global Florest Change and Global Florest Watch, which employ objective methods to detect abrupt modifications in the vegetation cover, are also utilized. Based on these products, it was possible to identify seven tornado damage tracks for the nocturnal event of June 2017, ratifying the value added by remote sensing products in the confirmation of tornadic episodes.
Influência dos padrões PDO e AMO na temperatura do ar do Brasil durante o inverno austral
Authors: Lindemann Douglas Da Silva , Freitas Rose Ane Pereira de
Published: June 2021

Anomalies of sea surface temperature (SST) favor the emergence of climatic variability modes, which can be transferred by atmospheric teleconnections to different regions of the globe. The present study sought to identify influences of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) on the air temperature in Brazil, during the period from 1901 to 2012. It was found that the negative periods of the PDO and AMO (1901-2012) have a greater influence on the South and North regions of Brazil. When these modes of variability are in opposite phases (1901-1927), they mainly interfere in the southern region of Brazil. On the other hand, when the PDO is in the negative phase and the AMO is moving from the positive to the negative phase (1944-1975), the northern region of Brazil is more influenced.
Estudo das componentes do balanço hidrológico durante episódios de ZCAS
Authors: Faggiani Ana Paula da Silva , Quadro Mário Francisco Leal de , Gonçalves Luis Gustavo de Gonçalves de , Herdies Dirceu Luis
Published: June 2021

The South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) is one of the meteorological systems that plays a strong role in the rainfall regime in many regions of Brazil. This work aims to analyze the daytime cycle of the components of the hydrological balance during events of SACZ. Through the hourly data from the atmospheric reanalysis of Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA2) the variables evapotranspiration, precipitation, convergence of moisture flow and variation of moisture storage in the atmosphere with time during the periods were analyzed. from dawn, morning, afternoon and night throughout the region of the SACZ and therefore, specifically in the region of the Amazon and Southeast Brazil. The analysis of the regions separately shows that even during the night there is convective activity and divergence of water vapor in the Amazon, which allows the flow of steam to be transported to the southeast even during night periods. Over the Southeast region it is possible to verify that during the night the convergence of atmospheric humidity can explain almost entirely the precipitation during the night. During the hours of the day, much of the precipitation can be explained by the increase in evapotranspiration over the Southeast.
Flotation for Ballasted Sailing Yachts
Authors: Wilson Vance O. , Reuter Wolfgang
Published: June 2021

The thought of accidentally sinking after being damaged makes every skipper shudder at his probable helplessness in staying afloat. Sooner or later, yachtsmen will demand positive flotation for all boats through 65 feet in length. What should the Naval architect be doing and what can the builders expect in new materials and arrangements for flotation?

This paper will review the state­of-the-art and encourage further research and planning by attempting to show a need, feasibility considerations, and fringe benefits.

Flotation after damage for ballasted yachts has, for years, been only a dream because of lack of flotation space in sailboat hulls that are already volume critical, as compared with similar length power boats. It is hoped that few low density materials, as available, and arrangement considerations in the original design will make his safety feature a reality.
Research project: Why are people avoiding the position as middle managers?
Authors: Kure Nikolaj
Published: June 2021

This research project has been presented at the Pragmatic Constructivism conference in Göteborg, October 2011.
Actor-based management and captive shared services: a model for creative governance in the SME sector?
Authors: Seal Will , Herbert Ian
Published: June 2021

This paper was presented at the 3rd Actor-reality conference, Aarhus University, October 23-25, 2013.
Conceptualizing concepts – The case of “trust” and “control” seen from a pragmatic constructivist view
Authors: Beusch Peter
Published: June 2021

This article examines concepts of trust and concepts of control particularly found within management accounting research, for itself and together. The most prominent/influential concepts, and the underlying assumptions behind them, are problematized and re-conceptualized in order to generate new research questions.
Examining technical and behavioural possibilities in developing fleet services in the machinery manufacturing context
Authors: Korhonen Tuomas , Stormi Kati , Laine Teemu , Liew Angela
Published: June 2021

This paper shows how service development for a machinery fleet can be supported by financial analyses. In particular,the paper shows how service managers’ work can be supported by accounting information. The paper draws upon aninterventionist case study at a machinery manufacturer in Finland. The paper contributes to the literature on pragmaticconstructivism by extending its usability into new groups of managerial actors in the timely context of servicedevelopment for machinery fleets. Moreover, the paper contributes to the servitization literature, by showing ways toidentify technical and behavioural possibilities and to overcome related difficulties in manufacturing companies’transition to service business.
Change, concepts and the conceptualising method
Authors: Henriksen Lars Bo
Published: June 2021

When looking for theories and methods in social science able to describe and understand changes, pragmaticconstructivism offers some possibilities in doing exactly that. Research on pragmatic constructivism requires dialogueswith actors in the field and an emphasis on language and language development. Concepts and concept developmenttherefore plays a very central role in any researchers effort to describe and understand changes in language games andlife worlds. In this essay I will take a closer look the concept of concepts and at concept formation. Through an analysisof Nørreklit’s (1973) ideas of concepts as properties and Gadamer’s (1962) ideas of concept formation, it is concludedthat concept development are present in everyday life as well as a research method. The difference between the two isthe accidental processes of everyday life, while research methods require a conscious application of conceptdevelopment.
Neurogenomic insights into the behavioral and vocal development of the zebra finch
Authors: Hauber Mark E , Louder Matthew IM , Griffith Simon C
Published: June 2021

The zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) is a socially monogamous and colonial opportunistic breeder with pronounced sexual differences in singing and plumage coloration. Its natural history has led to it becoming a model species for research into sex differences in vocal communication, as well as behavioral, neural and genomic studies of imitative auditory learning. As scientists tap into the genetic and behavioral diversity of both wild and captive lineages, the zebra finch will continue to inform research into culture, learning, and social bonding, as well as adaptability to a changing climate.
Allosteric conformational ensembles have unlimited capacity for integrating information
Authors: Biddle John W , Martinez-Corral Rosa , Wong Felix , Gunawardena Jeremy
Published: June 2021

Integration of binding information by macromolecular entities is fundamental to cellular functionality. Recent work has shown that such integration cannot be explained by pairwise cooperativities, in which binding is modulated by binding at another site. Higher-order cooperativities (HOCs), in which binding is collectively modulated by multiple other binding events, appear to be necessary but an appropriate mechanism has been lacking. We show here that HOCs arise through allostery, in which effective cooperativity emerges indirectly from an ensemble of dynamically interchanging conformations. Conformational ensembles play important roles in many cellular processes but their integrative capabilities remain poorly understood. We show that sufficiently complex ensembles can implement any form of information integration achievable without energy expenditure, including all patterns of HOCs. Our results provide a rigorous biophysical foundation for analysing the integration of binding information through allostery. We discuss the implications for eukaryotic gene regulation, where complex conformational dynamics accompanies widespread information integration.
FnCas9-based CRISPR diagnostic for rapid and accurate detection of major SARS-CoV-2 variants on a paper strip
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Gulati Sneha , Ansari Asgar H , Phutela Rhythm , Acharya Sundaram , Azhar Mohd , Murthy Jayaram , Kathpalia Poorti , Kanakan Akshay , Maurya Ranjeet , Vasudevan Janani Srinivasa , S Aparna , Pandey Rajesh , Maiti Souvik , Chakraborty Debojyoti
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic originating in the Wuhan province of China in late 2019 has impacted global health, causing increased mortality among elderly patients and individuals with comorbid conditions. During the passage of the virus through affected populations, it has undergone mutations, some of which have recently been linked with increased viral load and prognostic complexities. Several of these variants are point mutations that are difficult to diagnose using the gold standard quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method and necessitates widespread sequencing which is expensive, has long turn-around times, and requires high viral load for calling mutations accurately. Here, we repurpose the high specificity of Francisella novicida Cas9 (FnCas9) to identify mismatches in the target for developing a lateral flow assay that can be successfully adapted for the simultaneous detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as for detecting point mutations in the sequence of the virus obtained from patient samples. We report the detection of the S gene mutation N501Y (present across multiple variant lineages of SARS-CoV-2) within an hour using lateral flow paper strip chemistry. The results were corroborated using deep sequencing on multiple wild-type (n = 37) and mutant (n = 22) virus infected patient samples with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 97%. The design principle can be rapidly adapted for other mutations (as shown also for E484K and T716I) highlighting the advantages of quick optimization and roll-out of CRISPR diagnostics (CRISPRDx) for disease surveillance even beyond COVID-19. This study was funded by Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, India.
The transition to agricultural cultivation of neo-crops may fail to account for wild genetic diversity patterns: insights from the Cape Floristic Region
Authors: Galuszynski Nicholas C.
Published: June 2021

Aim

The global increase in the cultivation of native wild plants has raised concerns regarding potential risks associated with translocating genetic lineages beyond their natural range. This study aimed to investigate whether agricultural cultivation of neo-crops (a) accounts for the levels of genetic diversity present in wild populations, and whether (b) cultivated populations are genetically divergent from wild populations and thus pose a potential threat to wild genetic diversity.

Location

The Cape Floristic Region (CFR), located along the southern Cape of South Africa.

Methods

High Resolution Melt analysis (HRM) coupled with Sanger sequencing was used to screen three non-coding chloroplast DNA loci in Cyclopia Vent. (Fabaceae), a CFR endemic neo-crop cultivated for the production of a herbal infusion referred to as Honeybush tea. Wild and cultivated populations for three of three widely cultivated Honeybush species (C. intermedia, C. longifolia, and C. subternata) were screened. Genetic diversity and differentiation were measured and compared between wild and cultivated groups.

Results

Across all asseccions, a total of 17 haplotypes were detected, four of which were shared between wild and cultivated populations, while the remaining 13 were only detected in wild populations. Genetic diversity and differentiation was significantly higher in wild populations than in cultivated populations.

Conclusions

If no guidelines exist to facilitate the introduction of native wild plant taxa to a cultivated setting, wild genetic diversity patterns are likely to be compromised by cultivated populations. In the case presented here, cultivation represents a genetic bottleneck, failing to account for rare haplotypes, and may have disrupted species boundaries by initiating interspecific hybridization. More empirical work is required to evaluate the extent to which neo-crop cultivation poses a risk to wild genetic resources in the CFR and globally.