bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indian Society and Women
Authors: Anju
Published: February 2022

The condition of women had become very pathetic in ancient times, especially when the society changed from matriarchal to patriarchal society, since then women were marginalized and this is the reason that from ancient to modern times, women were treated as second-class citizens. being seen. In modern times, when India was independent, the situation had worsened further. Even after 73 years of independence, women are seen only as a responsibility and not as a complete citizen. In the traditional structure of Indian society, more emphasis is being given to women only to live under the protection of son, husband and father, whereas in the Indian Constitution, both men and women have been given equal rights. Even after getting equal rights, women are very backward socially, politically and economically. In Indian society, women are still being seen as a commodity, a commodity, and a toy for entertainment. Due to which today women are becoming victims of incidents of molestation, domestic violence, assault, rape etc. on a large scale. There is a dire need to change this attitude being adopted towards women so that women can also step towards paying attention to their overall development.

 

Abstract in Hindi Language

प्राचीन काल में महिलाओं की स्थिति अत्यंत दयनीय हो गई थी खासकर जब समाज मातृप्रधान से पितृसत्तात्मक समाज में परिवर्तित हुआ तभी से महिलाएं हाशिए पर चली गई और यही कारण है कि प्राचीन काल से लेकर आधुनिक काल तक महिलाओं को दोयम दर्जे के नागरिक के रूप में ही देखा जा रहा है। आधुनिक काल में जब भारत परतंत्र था उस समय तो स्थिति ओर ज्यादा खराब हो गई थी ।आजादी के 73 वर्षों के बावजूद भी महिलाओं को केवल एक जिम्मेदारी के रूप में देखा जाता है न कि एक संपूर्ण नागरिक के रूप में। भारतीय समाज के परंपरागत ढांचे में केवल महिलाओं को पुत्र ,पति और पिता के संरक्षण में जीवन यापन करने पर अधिक बल दिया जा रहा है जबकि भारतीय संविधान में औरत और पुरुष दोनों को एक समान अधिकार दिए गए हैं । समान अधिकार मिलने के बाद भी सामाजिक, राजनीतिक और आर्थिक रूप से महिलाएं काफी पिछड़ी हुई है। भारतीय समाज में महिलाओं को आज भी एक वस्तु ,माल दिल बहलाने वाला खिलौना के रूप में ही देखा जा रहा है। जिसके कारण आज बड़े स्तर पर छेड़खानी ,घरेलू हिंसा, मारपीट बलात्कार इत्यादि की घटनाओं की महिलाएं शिकार हो रही हैं। महिलाओं के प्रति अपनाए जा रहे इस नजरिए नजरिए को बदलने की सख्त जरूरत है ताकि महिलाएं भी अपने संपूर्ण विकास की तरफ ध्यान देने की ओर कदम बढ़ा पाए।
Współczesna szkoła wobec dylematów codzienności – oblicza wsparcia dla samodzielności i rozwoju
Authors: Mosiek Piotr
Published: February 2022

Contemporary Polish school, subjects to constant reforms, faces the difficult task of preparing students to function in a dynamically changing reality. Apart from tasks in the field of education and care, it seems to be of key importance to fulfil the pro-employment function. The changing labour market entails a change of strategy to support students. It must additionally be focused on building internal relations and community and on cooperation of the school with various institutions of the local environment (poviat labour office, social welfare centre, health service, church, non-governmental organisations, etc.). On the other hand, school cannot remain indifferent to the difficult life situations of its students. Hence, a school serving to optimise human opportunities should be at the same time a school that minimises critical life situations and their effects through its pro-employment and supporting activities. Such a sociopedagogical model of the functioning of contemporary school meets the axiological, social and educational challenges of today’s society, in which the attempts at regulating human existence find support in careful upbringing. The article takes a sociopedagogical stand, in which strong emphasis is placed on social support for students (pro-social activity of the institution) treating concepts of altruism and recognition as crucial to new pedagogical tasks.
Therapy of Uveal Melanoma. A Review
Authors: Rusňák Štěpán , Hecová Lenka , Kasl Zdeněk , Sobotová Markéta , Hauer Lukáš
Published: February 2022

The aim of intraocular melanoma therapy is to achieve local tumor control, reduce the risk of metastasis development, preserve the eyeball and possibly the visual function of the eye. The choice of therapeutic approach requires a comprehensive view and individual approach to each patient with uveal melanoma. Factors considered include local finding (location, tumor size and shape, tumor activity, central visual acuity, intraocular complications), age and the patient‘s overall physical and psychological condition, as well as the patient‘s wishes.
The most widely used method of uveal melanoma treatment is radiotherapy. The effect of radiation is caused by the absorption of ionizing radiation energy, the effect of radiation on the cell is manifested by cell death (depletion), or by a cytogenetic information change (mutation). Brachytherapy uses scleral applicators with radionuclide - ruthenium (Ru-106) applicators dominate in Europe and iodine (I-125) applicators in the USA. In external radiotherapy, the source of ionizing radiation is outside the patient‘s body. Both stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy are used. In the Czech Republic, treatment is carried out using Leksell gamma knife or CyberKnife, while proton therapy dominates in the world. The development of serious radiation complications (radiation retinopathy, neuropathy, neovascular glaucoma, toxic tumor syndrome, etc.) should be considered.
Surgical therapy involves a variety of invasive procedures. Iridectomy is performed for iris melanoma. Anteriorly located choroidal melanomas and / or ciliary body melanomas can be resolved by transscleral resection (exoresection). For posterior choroidal melanomas, a combination of external tumor irradiation with pars plana vitrectomy is used.
Enucleation is a method of choice in advanced tumors that cannot be effectively irradiated. Orbital exenteration is indicated in advanced tumors with extrabulbar spread or in relapsed tumor after previous enucleation.
PXR2020: Re-Seeing the Possibilities of Theatre in Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality
Authors: Fung Stephanie , Jacobson Kelsey , Pike Jordan
Published: February 2022

What new insights and opportunities does virtual reality (VR) offer to theatre and performance? In turn, what potential might theatre offer to VR creators? This potentially fruitful cross-pollination was precisely what prompted host organizations Single Thread Theatre Company and Electric Company Theatre to program the inaugural Performance and XR Symposium in October 2020, a conference designed to foster and explore the relationship between theatre and XR (a catch-all term for media created with virtual, augmented, and mixed reality). The experience of the conference was one of re-seeing the possibilities of performance in a new media form: discussions around access, spectatorship, and ethics—topics familiar to and well trodden by theatre artists and scholars—were reinvigorated in the context of virtual reality.
Enfermedad de Parkinson
Authors: Chaves Morales Karla Paola , Padilla Elizondo Daniela Sofia , Vargas Fernández Ricardo
Published: February 2022

La enfermedad de Parkinson corresponde al desorden del movimiento más común y a la segunda enfermedad neurodegenerativa más frecuente del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC). Predomina en hombres y la edad usual de presentación comprende entre los 65 y 70 años. En la neuropatología intervienen los niveles depletados de dopamina, secundario a las inclusiones citoplasmáticas de alfa-sinucleína. Los síntomas motores cardinales corresponden a la bradiquinesia, tremor en reposo y rigidez. Múltiples síntomas no motores se han descrito, los más reconocidos en el pródromo son la anosmia, la constipación y disturbios del sueño. El diagnóstico se realiza de forma clínica, la “International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society” (MDS), proporciona criterios que pueden guiar al mismo. El principal biomarcador identificado corresponde a la alfa-Sinucleína. La terapia farmacológica está basada en preparaciones de Levodopa, agonistas dopaminérgicos e inhibidores de la monoamino oxidasa B.
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PEDULI LINGKUNGAN BERBASIS KONSERVASI PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIQIH DI MI NURUL ISLAM BATUR 02 KEC. GETASAN KAB. SEMARANG PADA MASA PENDEMI COVID-19 TAHUN 2020
Authors: Priarni Rina
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, yaitu suatu penelitian yang di tujukan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis fenomena, peristiwa, aktivitas sosial, sikap, kepercayaan, persepsi, dan pemikiran orang secara individu atau kelompok.Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, interview, dan dokumentasi. Teknis analisis datanya dengan cara mereduksi data, display data dan mengambil kesimpulan. Sedangkan waktu penelitian adalah waktu yang digunakan untuk melakukan riset terhadap objek yang menjadi pusat perhatian. Dalam hal ini, penulis melakukan penelitian di MI Nurul Islam Batur 02 Kecamatan Getasan Kabupaten Semarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam pendidikan karakter peduli lingkungan berbasis konservasi pada mata pelajaran fiqih di MI Nurul Islam Batur 02 adalah : (1) Pembelajaran fiqih di MI Nurul Islam Batur 02 dilaksanakan sesuai dengan silabus dan RPP yang telah diintegrasikan dengan program-program konservasi lingkungan. (2) Pendidikan karakter peduli lingkungan berbasis konservasi pada mata pelajaran fiqih bab wudhu meliputi pemahaman rukun wudhu, kebersihan tempat wudhu, penghematan air wudhu, pemanfaatan sisa air wudhu untuk penyiraman madrasah (3) Problematika implementasi pendidikan karakter peduli lingkungan berbasis konservasi pada mata pelajaran fiqih bab wudhu di MI Nurul Islam Batur 02 meliputi kurangnya kedisplinan peserta didik dalam hal kebersihan, penguasaan IPTEK guru dalam pembelajaran belum maksimal, Perencanaan pembelajaran, pemahaman guru terhadap perbedaan setiaap individu peserta didik masih rendah, dan pemahaman guru tentang pendidikan karakter masih kurang.
Development and Federalism: Responses of Federating Units Over CPEC
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Shakeel
Published: February 2022

CPEC is deeply interconnected with federal structural in Pakistan. There is a difference of opinion amongst the scholars and policy makers regarding the impact of CPEC on federalism in Pakistan. This paper is an attempt to analyze liberal framework of federation and its connection with neoliberal development project of CPEC. In neoliberal framework, the decentralization and distribution of resources amongst the federating units and sub-national identities seems complex puzzle. The dominant forces amongst federating units joined same elite class for the protection of their own interest. This elite concentration and bargain model is reciprocal to the fundamental idea of federation. This paper demonstrates that CPEC is sharpening the unevenness amongst the federating units and sub-national identities.
An Ecocritical Insight into Ted Hughe's Poetry as an Alternative and Complementary Approach to Anthropocentrism
Authors: Hayat Umar , Iqbal Nasir , Ahmad Mumtaz
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to explore the ecocritical perspective of Ted Hughes in his poetry as an alternative and complementary approach to anthropocentrism. The present study, immersed in the ecocritical theoretical insights, is significant in terms of pinpointing Hughes' contribution to advocating the need to promote Eco-friendly and symbiotic attitudes for ensuring what is termed as ecological balance. In his poetry, it is evident that nature still retains vigor, vitality, and primal energy, which is lost by man. Obsessed with the idea of conquering nature, which has its roots in the enlightenment ideologies of the nineteenth century, reason-led humans have taken a dangerous route to reach the pinnacle of worldly success by defeating the environment around which man believes, is his enemy so must be vanquished. Ted Hughes is the one finest nature poets of the twentieth century, highly acclaimed for his treatment of nature,environment, animals, and symbiotic relationship between man and his environment. Animals and ecological concerns frequently appear in his poetry, and he shows a delicate and human concern for the non-human creatures and believes in the harmonious co-existence of humans and non-humans. This paper explores bio centrism in Ted’s poetry as an alternative and complementary approach to anthropocentrism.
The immunology of low-grade gliomas
Authors: Haddad Alexander F. , Young Jacob S. , Oh Jun Yeop , Okada Hideho , Aghi Manish K.
Published: February 2022

Low-grade gliomas (LGGs), which harbor an isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, have a better prognosis than their high-grade counterparts; nonetheless, they remain incurable and impart significant negative impacts on patients’ quality of life. Although immunotherapies represent a novel avenue of treatment for patients with LGGs, they have not yet been successful. Accurately selecting and evaluating immunotherapies requires a detailed understanding of LGG tumor immunology and the underlying tumor immune phenotype. A growing body of literature suggests that LGGs significantly differ in their immunology from high-grade gliomas, highlighting the importance of investigation into LGG immunology specifically. In this review, the authors aimed to discuss relevant research surrounding the LGG tumor immune microenvironment, including immune cell infiltration, tumor immunogenicity, checkpoint molecule expression, the impact of an IDH mutation, and implications for immunotherapies, while also briefly touching on current immunotherapy trials and future directions for LGG immunology research.
THE CHANGING RELATIONSHIP OF CULTURE AND NATURE IN HEMINGWAY’S THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA: AN ECOCRITICAL STUDY
Authors: Niazi Nozar
Published: February 2022

Drawing upon ecocritical principles, this article makes an attempt to demonstrate the development from shallow ecological thinking towards a deeper ecological wisdom in the main character of Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea. It argues that the marlin (the hooked fish) with ‘instinctive intellect’ and incredible traits throws a challenge to certain philosophical assumptions and cultural values held by the old fisherman, in a way that it makes him reconsider his long-held assumptions about his own intelligence, manhood, heroism and superiority over other creatures. The fisherman suffers from pangs of conscience when he realizes that his violation of spatial boundaries of the ocean and intrusion into the serene ecosystem of deep waters to find and kill the ‘noble creature’ was a great mistake and, by suggestion, an ecological sin. By challenging the arrogance of humanism and questioning human’s “unique position” in the universe, Hemingway suggests that any attempt driven by cultural motives intending to bring nature under control is against ecological spirit, and is eventually bound to failure. However, he simultaneously suggests that deep engagement with nature provides an opportunity to fathom the depth of human relationship with the natural world that brings deeper ecological awareness, as is the case with the old man of the novella.
NEGATING AGENTS IN O’NEILL’S BEYOND THE HORIZON AND THEIR COUNTERPARTS IN PICASSO’S ARLEQUIN À LA GUITAR
Authors: Sara Foroozani Seyedeh , Hadaegh Bahee
Published: February 2022

Postmodern art emerged as a critical compulsion in response to the domineering institutions of modern era which were suffering from conceptual absolutism and hesitant aesthetic outlooks. Being ascribed to chaotic qualities, the approach stood as the social and aesthetic antithesis of its qualitative unity, so as to reach an authentic understanding of the intrinsic reality. Hence, postmodern art embarked on negation, as its determinative trait in reception of modern aesthetic debates. Correspondingly, the current study ponders on lives of the margin in works of two prominently modern autobiographical artists, Pablo Picasso’s Cubist painting Arlequin à la guitar accompanied by Eugene O’Neill’s modern American drama, Beyond the Horizon, further to approach the interconnectedness of the masked with the concept of determinate self-negation in marginal existentialities. The discussion further concentrates on the role of society on modern individual’s imprisonment and spiritual remoteness. Regarding this, the paper has concerned itself with presenting modern artists’ intended application of metanarratives adjacent to dialogue scarcities in artworks. In addition, postmodern negation of aesthetic ideals provide readers with a more unifying and authentic perception of subjective truth content while dealing with hesitant yet overlapping representations of multilayered reality.
BRILLIANT, SUNNY AND BRIGHT: GENERALISED IINVARIANCE THROUGH ETYMOLOGY
Authors: Ioannou Georgios
Published: February 2022

The relevance of image schemas in metaphoric extension has been long highlighted in Cognitive Linguistics literature. The image-schematic makeup of a metaphoric source is preserved in the target, in a way consistent with the structure of the latter (Lakoff, 1993). More recently, Sullivan (2013) has raised a similar case for semantic frames, in a constructional framework. Metaphoric mappings are licensed only if the semantic frame of the source is compatible with the conceptual metaphor profiled by the target. The present work integrates Sullivan and Lakoff’s approach to invariance, on the basis of the following hypothesis: the compatibility between a semantic frame evoked by a lexical construction and a conceptual metaphor is susceptible to an imageschematic blueprint, already present in the etymologically prior meaning of the construction. Thus, invariance is hypothesised to hold across categorisation levels of different schematicity, but also across time. The case study re-takes the analysis of the adjectival terms brilliant, sunny and bright, under the generalised invariance hypothesis. The metaphorical potential of a term is shown to be at the same time constrained as well as motivated by this strong version of invariance.
THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOTYPOLOGY AND LINGUISTIC ATTITUDES TOWARDS TARGET LANGUAGE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF TRANSFER ON THE RECEPTIVE LEVEL UPON THE FIRST CONTACT OF CROATIAN SPEAKERS WITH ITALIAN AS L2
Authors: Alujević Marijana , Braović Plavša Mira
Published: February 2022

Psychotypology is one of the conditions for the occurrence of crosslinguistic influences. Following empirical findings, we conducted a study to establish the presence and the effect of psychotypology on the language transfer between Italian, as a foreign language, and the local speech of Split, as a variant of learners’ L1. Two target groups with no prior knowledge of Italian were questioned: one hundred students regularly in contact with the speech of Split and another hundred with no competence and no contact with it. The two groups took the Yes/No Vocabulary test. The aim was to reveal the initial comprehension of Italian vocabulary. Through the questionnaire, we gained insight into the intuitive behaviour of both groups of participants regarding the meaning of given Italian words, distance perceived, and subjective perception of the relationship between the Italian language and the speech of Split. The results of the two groups were compared using the quantitative test data. In addition, the relationship between psychotypology and a successful test outcome was thoroughly examined, according to the qualitative data. The results demonstrated an extremely high percentage of informants in both groups being aware of similarities between the two idioms at the lexical level. The findings indicated that participants who perceived the similarities as significant performed better on the test. The analysis of results showed that the experimental group found the Italian language easily comprehensible, whereas the control group defined it as somewhat demanding. Significantly better vocabulary test results of the experimental group confirmed that participant’s attitude is essential to achieve language transfer.
ZVONKO TANESKI: POETIKA DISLOKÁCIE - KOMPARATISTICKÉ SONDY K MIGRÁCIÁM V
JUŽNOSLOVANSKÝCH LITERATÚRACH PO ROKU 1989
Authors: Kovač Zvonko
Published: February 2022

Ne preobilna, ali usmjerena prema relevantnim problemima suvremene književne historiografije, bogata najvažnijim teorijama i njihovim autorima, iscrpna u donošenju najvažnije literature, knjiga Zvonka Taneskog Poetika dislokácie, ne odnosi se samo na razdoblje migracija u južnoslavenskim književnostima nakon 1989. godine, nego je svojevrsna sinteza svih važnijih pristupa modernizirane komparatistike, koja je imala svoj najraniji i najsnažniji teorijski obrat upravo u Bratislavi, u projektima Dionýza Ďurišina i njegovih kolega. Zato mislim da se autor nije mogao naći na inspirativnijem mjestu za svoju knjigu, i to se posebno ističe. Poput nas u Zagrebu te u Novom Sadu, recepcija Đurišinove teorije o međuknjiževnim zajednicama, pa i plodna suradnja s autorom, započela je još osamdesetih godina, a moguća poveznica prema Taneskom mogla je biti i skopska komparatistika s Milanom Đurčinovim, kao jednom od njegovih vjernih suradnika; u najuži krug spada i Ivan Dorovský veoma zauzeti stručnjak za makedonska pitanja i balkansku slavistiku, što također u knjizi nije zaboravljeno. Ukratko, već na prvo pogled je jasno da Zvonko Taneski vuče svoje korijene iz njihove plodne suradnje, dodajući nove i nove teorije i argumente za obranu svoje ideje o književnim slučajevima koji su najčešće izvan interesa nacionalne književne historiografije, kao i izvan zanimanja tradicionalne komparatistike.
KONFERENZBAND DER JUNGEN SLAVISTIK
Authors: Yanev Boryan
Published: February 2022

Der hier zu rezensierende Sammelband präsentiert die Ergebnisse des XXVIII. „JungslavistInnen-Treffens“, das im September 2019 an der Universität Hamburg stattfand. Dieser junge Kreis von Forschern aus dem deutschsprachigen Traum trifft sich regelmäßig und man kann aus der Reihe „Specimina philologiae Slavicae“ (Verlag Peter Lang) ablesen, dass schon etliche Bände publiziert wurden. Es ist erfreulich, dass die Slavistik in Deutschland über solch eine selbstorganisierte Infrastruktur verfügt.
POSSIBILITIES OF INTRAOPERATIVE RADIATION THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Bit-Sava Е.М. , Gor L.A. , Bakhovadinova S.B. , Monogarova М.А. , Kurbanova М.G. , Damenia А.О. , Khabicheva А.М. , Dzhukaeva Т.S. , Mikhail К.В. , Zhurov А.S. , Moiseenko V.M.
Published: February 2022

Due to the success of neoadjuvant systemic therapy and modern approaches to the surgical treatment of breast cancer, the proportion of organ-preserving operations has increased significantly. Radiation therapy reduces the risk of local recurrence of breast cancer after breast preservation, but entails undesirable consequences of exposure to surrounding tissues. The popularity and low frequency of side effects of accelerated partial irradiation allows us to consider it in some cases as an alternative to traditional remote irradiation in breast cancer patients.
Fault detection for power electronic converters based on continuous wavelet transform and convolution neural network
Authors: Sun Quan , Yu Xianghai , Li Hongsheng , Peng Fei , Sun Guodong
Published: February 2022

With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the reliability and safety of Brushless DC motor drive system, the core component of new energy vehicles, has been widely concerned. The traditional open circuit fault detection method of power electronic converters have the problem of poor feature extraction ability because of inadequate signal processing means, which lead to low recognition accuracy. Therefore, a fault recognition method based on continuous wavelet transform and convolutional neural network (CWT-CNN) is proposed. It can not only adaptively extract features, but also avoid the complexity and uncertainty of artificial feature extraction. The three-phase current signal is converted into time-frequency spectrum by continuous wavelet transform as the input data of AlexNet. At the same time, the changes of time domain and frequency domain under different fault modes are analyzed. Finally, the softmax classifier with Adam optimizer is used to classify the fault features extracted by CNN to realize the state recognition of different fault modes of power electronic converter. The experimental results show that the CWT-CNN model achieves satisfactory fault detection accuracy under different working conditions and different fault modes. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified by comparing with other networks.
RETRACTED: A novel framework for online transaction fraud detection system based on deep neural network
Authors: Kanika  , Singla Jimmy
Published: February 2022

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
Physical activity and sedentary time levels among Moroccan type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Chetoui Ahmed , Kaoutar Kamal , El Kardoudi Abdesslam , Boutahar Kaltoum , Elmoussaoui Soufiane , Chigr Fatiha , Najimi Mohamed
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines and decreasing sedentary time (SED-time) are cornerstones in the management of diabetes. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the level of PA, SED-time, and related factors among Moroccan diabetes patients. METHODS: From February to June 2019, 1143 patients with type 2 diabetes took part in a cross-sectional survey. PA and SED-time were assessed through a face-to-face interview using International PA Questionnaire. RESULTS: The PA recommendations were achieved by 77.7% of participants and they were significantly higher in males using oral antidiabetic alone, in normal and overweight participants, and in those with duration less than 7 years. While in females, this level was significantly higher only in participants with a family history of diabetes. The mean SED-time was high (35.66±16.88 hours/week) and increased with age, BMI, duration of diabetes, among widowers and divorced, illiterate and among those with low level of PA. CONCLUSIONS: The PA level and SED-time were high. Furthermore, participants with high SED-time have low levels of PA, which represents a combined risk of sitting and inactivity in this subgroup. As a result, patients should be encouraged to participate regularly in PA and also to minimize their SED-time.
Nutrition in the comprehensive approach of Health Promoting Schools: Survey on attitudes, knowledge and experiences in a sample of European teachers
Authors: Renzetti Pamela , Velasco Veronica , Coppola Liliana , Di Fabio Jacopo , Scatigna Maria
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: A healthy diet is a major factor in childhood for proper mental and physical development, and schools are valuable settings for promoting nutritional health. Teachers have a key role as educators and as a link between children, families, and institutions. OBJECTIVES: The study aims at describing the teachers’ profile and to evaluate the level of adherence of their schools to the recommendations by Health Promoting Schools concerning nutritional issues. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 131 Spanish and Italian teachers from kindergartens and primary schools. RESULTS: The lack of a structured approach to school food emerged, as well as a low quality level of food consumption at school. Among the positive aspects, there is the compliance with the dietary reference values for the intake of nutrients and energy of meals supplied by cafeterias and the collaboration with nutritionists in health services, but other desirable circumstances are neglected (e.g. training courses for staff, the involvement of students, supply of water and vegetables such as healthy drinks and snacks). CONCLUSION: The study confirmed the need to train teachers and to strengthen school action plans, particularly the agenda around the sustainability of the school food and nutrition environment.
The difference in the dietary inflammatory index, functional food, and antioxidants intake between COVID -19 patients and healthy persons
Authors: Mohajeri Mahsa , Mohajery Reza , Nemati Ali , Pourfarzi Farhad
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: The healthy diet is important to maintain immunity against infection. This study aimed to assess and compare the consumption of functional foods, some antioxidants, and dietary inflammatory index between Iranian COVID-19 patients and healthy persons. METHODS: This case-control study was conducted between 1000 (500 cases and 500 controls) adults aged 18–65years in Iran, that were sampling based on the snowball method and their information was collected electronically. The dietary intake was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). RESULTS: There was a significant difference (p = 0.044) in vitamin D consumption between healthy people and COVID-19 patients. Vitamin E intake in healthy participants was significantly (p = 0.041) more than COVID-19 patients. There was a significant difference in Zinc (p = 0.011), selenium (p = 0.021), and vitamin C (p = 0.023) between healthy persons and COVID-19 patients. Healthy participants’ consumption of onion (56.5±7.82 g/day), garlic (4.32±0.01 g/day) and oat (6.32±0.71 g/day) was significantly (p≤0.05) more than COVID-19 patients. With the increase of each unit in the score of the dietary inflammatory index, the risk of COVID-19 incidence increased 1.63 times (OR = 1.63 95% CI: 1.54–1.72). There was an inverse association between the consumption of antioxidants and functional foods with the risk of COVID-19 incidence in the study population (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: Healthy people consumption of antioxidants and functional foods was more than COVID-19 patients and there was a significant inverse association between the risk of COVID- 19 incidence with the consumption of functional foods and antioxidants. Increasing the dietary inflammatory index score increased the risk of COVID- 19 incidence. There is a need for further clinical trials to confirm the effect of consuming functional foods and antioxidants on the prevention or treatment of COVID-19.
An Active Contributor: Dr. Lindberg and NLM’s Historical Programs and Services
Authors: Parascandola John
Published: February 2022

Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D.’s interests extended far beyond his scientific expertise into the arts and humanities, as evidenced, for example, by his love of opera, his talents in photography, and his affection for history. It is therefore not surprising that he had a strong interest in the National Library of Medicine’s historical programs and services, going beyond supporting these activities to becoming actively involved in some of them. The subject of this essay is Dr. Lindberg’s contributions to these programs and services, which may be grouped under three main headings: placing greater emphasis on more contemporary history, promoting the digitization of historical materials to increase access, and enhancing outreach through an exhibition program.
HIV/AIDS Community Information Outreach Program (ACIOP): A Landmark NIH Conference and an Enduring NLM Role in Meeting the Affected Community’s Need for Information Access
Authors: Dutcher Gale A.
Published: February 2022

In June 1993, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) joined with the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) Office of AIDS Research (OAR), and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) to host a conference at a pivotal time in the HIV/AIDS epidemic to understand better the information needs of five major constituency groups: clinical researchers; clinical providers; news media and the public; patients; and the affected community. NLM’s director, Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D., and staff sought to identify new program possibilities benefitting from the input of current and potential users of the Library’s information services. Conference recommendations led to a key NLM policy change providing cost-free access to all AIDS data, and the establishment of the HIV/AIDS Community Information Outreach Program (ACIOP), which enabled new partnerships with local community-based organizations serving the affected community. Uniquely funded and long running, more than 300 ACIOP projects have been supported to-date. These projects have improved awareness and use of national HIV/AIDS information resources; enhanced information seeking skills; developed locally generated information resources; and enhanced the capacity of community-based organizations to use new information and computer technologies providing access to essential information resources and services.
Reflections on Dr. Donald A.B. Lindberg and Native Voices
Authors: Gottlieb Katherine , Lindquist Cynthia , Mala Theodore A. , Mau Marjorie K. Leimomi M.
Published: February 2022

Personal reflections on Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D. are offered by four Native American leaders who were instrumental in the successful development of the National Library of Medicine’s (NLM) Native Voices Exhibition: Stories of Health and Wellness from American Indians, Alaska Natives and Native Hawaiians. A uniquely collaborative effort, the exhibition features nearly 100 videographed interviews conducted by Dr. Lindberg with Native elders, healers, leaders, and people. He is credited with the incorporation of indigenous peoples’ healing knowledge in a personal and relational way, making for a wonderful journey together that was a very large chapter in his life and that of the authors.
The role of work stress, organizational climate, and improving employee performance in the implementation of work from home
Authors: Pradoto Herlam , Haryono Siswoyo , Wahyuningsih Sri Handari
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: The spread of COVID-19 around the world has caused many undesirable effects on human health. The pandemic forced the employees to resort to Remote Work (RW)/Work from Home (WFH) according to the nature of the jobs. Consequently, organizations, business process and results are affected and organizational and commercial activities are significantly reduced. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the impact of work stress and organizational climate on employee performance in the context of WFH in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic in micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). METHOD: This study used a purposive sampling strategy and determined using the Slovin equation and equals 95 employees in marketing, business restructuring and finance. The Partial Least Square (PLS) approach and and the SmartPLS version 3.0 software for data analysis processing procedures for hypothesis testing were used. RESULTS: The results revealed that the organizational environment has a negative and significant effect on job stress. Furthermore, job stress had a negative impact on employee performance and the organizational climate had a favorable and considerable impact on employee performance. CONCLUSION: The lower the level of work stress, the higher the employee performance, and vice versa. Organizational climate has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, which means that the organization’s climate is conducive, so the employee performance will increase and vice versa.
Efficacy of an ergonomics intervention for remote college students
Authors: Moslander Delaney , Jacobs Karen
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid adaptation of online education, requiring university students to complete their schoolwork remotely. There is a gap in the evidence-based literature regarding these novel home workstations and the potential to help students understand ergonomics and adjust their workstations. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine if a remote ergonomics intervention would encourage students to make improvements to their workstation and increase their knowledge of ergonomics. METHODS: Participants completed an ergonomics quiz, workstation evaluation, activity time log, and photographs of their workstation. There were three randomly assigned groups, the control group of 26 participants and the first and second intervention groups with 25 participants each. The first and second intervention groups received information sheets regarding proper workstations. The second intervention group was also required to participate in an ergonomics workshop. Six weeks after receiving the interventions, the control group and two intervention groups completed the materials once again. Eight participants from the control group, 12 from the information intervention group, and 14 from the participatory intervention group completed the study. RESULTS: One-way ANOVA tests between the three groups suggest there was no significant difference in ergonomic knowledge or changes made to workstations. However, the remote participatory ergonomics group increased their level of knowledge about ergonomics. CONCLUSIONS: An ergonomics intervention did not impact one group to change their workstation more than others in six weeks. Future studies on this topic should be conducted over a longer amount of time and with more participants to allow for more opportunities for behavior and workstation changes.
Analysis of the number of registered patients whis rare diseases in some regions of Ukraine
Authors: Подгайна М. В. , Сліпцова Н. А. , Тутук В. В.
Published: February 2022

Rare (orphan) diseases (RD) are a global priority for health systems. In Europe, including Ukraine, the disease is considered rare with a prevalence of 1 patient per 2,000 population. To date, by the orphanet data, 6,172 unique rare diseases have been discovered. An important issue today is the understanding and analysis of data on the prevalence of RD in Ukraine, which will effectively plan the need for therapy and predict its cost.

Aim of the investigation was to analyze the available data on the of the registered cases of orphan diseases among children and adults in all Ukraine’s regions and determining the share of each disease in the overall structure in terms of age group of patients.

The object of the in vestigation are data of the Department of Statistics of the Ministry of Health on the cases of rare diseases, that were registered in Ukraine as of January 2020 and Medical Genetics Center’s data. The study was conducted using informative methods of analysis (collection and data processing), systematization and generalization, mathematical and statistical calculations.

According to the Сenter’s of Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health data the total number of registered patients was 10786 patients, of whom children accounted for 54%. Among given diseases the largest proportion of patients had been registered with a diagnosis of «juvenile rheumatoid arthritis» – 2,291 patients, most of whom, almost 80%, are children. Among 18 rare diseases, 11%, were registered only among pediatric patients: Pump's disease, Fabri's disease. It has been established that Kyiv, Poltava, Dnipro, Ivano-Frankivsk and Kharkiv regions had been characterized by the highest total number of orphan patients. Regions with the lowestregistered number of orphan patients – are Luhansk, Lviv, Kherson, Sumyand Volyn. There was no information on registered RDs in Chernivtsi, Odesa, Zakarpattia regions and Kyiv city from the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health, but it was indicated the cases of four RDs in Odessa region and Kyiv city by newborn screening program in 2020, that has shown problems in the collection, centralization and coordination of the statistic information of RDs and needs to be resolved in the future at the state and regional levels.
An Adjustment of the Apparent Luminosity of Standard Candles for the 'De-boosting' Effect
Authors:   Shiny World Corporation, Ontario, Canada, Zilberman Mark
Published: February 2022

“De-boosting” is a well-known relativistic effect that alters the apparent luminosity of radiation sources with the non-zero redshift parameter z. It exists in both Special Relativity and General Relativity frameworks and is proportional to (z+1)^(-2). While the “boosting” (for blueshift) and “de-boosting” (for redshift) of light sources has been successfully accounted for and observed in research of various astronomical objects, it was ignored in the establishment of Standard candles for cosmological distances. A Standard candle adjustment appears necessary for “de-boosting” for high z, otherwise we would incorrectly assume that Standard candles appear dimmer, not because of “de-boosting” but because of the excessive distance, which would affect the entire Standard candles ladder at cosmological distances. The “de-boosting” correction of the apparent luminosities of SNIa places the effective rest-frame magnitudes below the curve corresponding to the cosmological model with the parameters Λ=0 and (ΩM, ΩΛ) = (2, 0) on the Hubble diagram. This way, the “de-boosting” correction of the apparent luminosities of SNIa may further adjust and clarify cosmological models.
Helsinkitől – Bolognán át – Rómáig
Authors: Lakatos Péter Levente
Published: February 2022

Jelen írás célja, hogy most, amikor a felsőoktatás és annak átalakulása, átalakítása központi témává vált hazai és európai szinten egyaránt, áttekintést nyújtson a Bologna-folyamatról, kitérve annak előzményeire, kiváltó okaira is. Releváns szakirodalmak és a felsőoktatási miniszterek találkozóin elfogadott nemzetközi dokumentumok segítségével feleleveníti a folyamat főbb állomásait, kiemelve a főbb trendeket, irányvonalakat és prioritásokat. Kitér az Európai Felsőoktatási Térség legjelentősebb felsőoktatási szervezeteire, azok létrejöttére, főbb feladataira, továbbá a folyamat nyomonkövetése érdekében tett erőfeszítésekre, az elért eredményekre, egyes aktuális trendekre, valamint a jövő kihívásaira.
Air Power Projection in Conduct of NATO Deterrence Activities and Operations
Authors: Boroš Goran , Csengeri János
Published: February 2022

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the role, place and importance of air power for the success of joint military operations in conduct of NATO deterrence activities and operations. Air power has been highly valued in defence, security and in warfare from its very beginning, since the establishment of the first Air Forces. With its modern development it has become crucial for achieving military goals, as well as national ones. The importance of air power is shown through its definition and comparison in the military doctrines of the air forces of certain countries and NATO, where it is obvious how important it is in the structure of national power, security and defence, as well as in collective security and defence of NATO. The emphasis is on the ongoing implementation of NATO military activities and operations and the projection of the Alliance’s air power in deterring Russia’s potential threats to its members in Northeast Europe, in the Baltic region. The current method of projection of air power and the use of its elements in these NATO military activities are discussed and presented. The special features and capabilities provided by the air power, which do not possess other military components and cannot compensate for these effects, give it a key role in supporting and conducting joint military operations, and in enabling the success of their implementation.
Populism in Times of Crisis
Authors: Borges Aguiar Giovanna Maria
Published: February 2022

A new wave of Populism has been on the ascent around the world. In Brazil, the situation is not different, and the populist rhetoric strongly seized the most recent presidential election in 2018. The aim of this paper is to explore the reasons for President Jair Bolsonaro’s (considered a populist politician) victory. The potential motivations for this triumph are discussed in this paper, with the finding that a multidimensional crisis gripped the country in the years prior to the election, leading people to sympathise with those who were in opposition to the dominant party, which culminated in a heavily divisive presidential campaign. The nation was engulfed by an economic depression that coincided with a political crisis, which had legal, social, and even cultural repercussions, with polarisation and corruption playing key roles. The paper also explores the multifaceted phenomenon of populism, and why Bolsonaro is considered to be a populist; the latter mainly related to his appealing speeches, in which he tried to show himself as a politician of the people who governs for them, in opposition to the villainous establishment.
Cyber Autonomy Toolbox – Project Management Digital Transformation
Authors: Leroy Iryna
Published: February 2022

There was a time when military technology reinforced and provided added value and expertise to business and government organisations. There are a number of technologies, specific military applications and solutions such as the Internet, GPS or sunglasses, and methodologies like strategic planning and negotiation systems that were developed in the past within military domains and later evaluated and implemented, which brought increases in speed and added business value. There are now many diverse digital transformation projects being implemented in several business domains – ranging from small and medium businesses like an Italian family restaurant to the global oil and gas companies such as Shell or British Petroleum or even executive branches of the European Union/European Commission. All these organisations use different technologies to optimise processes, innovate faster, collaborate efficiently and deliver more value with less effort. Economic defence – like never before – means national security. For that reason, Cyber Security initiatives associated with digital transformations include a “testing mode” period, along with Cyber Autonomy functions that aim to support business critical infrastructures. Different methodologies are in place to optimise for the new data-driven economy and support digital transformation. It is the responsibility of the business to adopt best practices and techniques to reinforce national security and offer effective tool support for effective Cyber Autonomy with digital transformation projects.
A termelőszövetkezettől az udvari bolondig – az egyetem társadalmi szerepei a 21. században
Authors: Kováts Gergely
Published: February 2022

Noha széles körű egyetértés van arról, hogy az egyetemek a társadalomban fontos szerepet töltenek be, arról már  megoszlanak a vélemények, hogy pontosan miben is áll ez  a szerep. Az elvárások nagyon sokrétűek és  ellentmondásosak. A tanulmányban arra a kérdésre  keresem a választ, hogyan lehetne rendszerezni az egyetem  társadalmi szerepeit, és ez nyújt-e támpontokat a  21. századi egyetemmel szembeni kihívásokhoz  (tudásmonopólium elveszítése, nemzetállamok gyengülése, a tudás relativizálódása). A javasolt keretrendszer két  szempont mentén fogalmazza meg az egyetem társadalmi  szerepeit: egyrészt a termelés jellege (termék/folyamat),  másrészt a társadalmi, gazdasági és politikai berendezkedéshez fűződő viszony alapján (konszenzus/disszenzus). Ebből kiindulva négy társadalmiszerep-modellt mutatok be: a termelőszövetkezetet, a katalizátort,a világítótornyot és a görbe tükröt. A tanulmány végén a nézetek integrálhatóságát vizsgálom meg.
Kérdések és válaszok (?) a magyar felsőoktatásban: rektor kontra kancellár
Authors: Torma András
Published: February 2022

A 21. század az információs forradalom évszázada, amikor  nem az a kérdés, hogy lesz-e, van-e információ, hanem az,  hogy a rendelkezésre álló forrásokban hol találom meg azt.  A jelen tanulmány szerzője könnyű helyzetben volt ebből a  szempontból, hiszen magyar joganyagot vizsgált. Olyan  forrásból merített tehát, amely Magyarországon mindenki  által, korlátlanul és ingyenesen hozzáférhető. A tanulmány  középpontjában egyetlen törvény, a felsőoktatásról szóló  2011. évi CCIV. törvény és annak gyakorlata áll. Az a  jogszabály, amely a hatálybalépését követő tíz évben kilencszáz (!) joghelyen módosult, ennélfogva bizonyosan nem tekinthető a magyar jogalkotás kősziklájának. Másfelől  az a gyakorlat, a gyakorlati tapasztalatok sokasága, amelynek a szerző alanya volt, hiszen 2012. július  1. és 2013. augusztus 15. között a Miskolci Egyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Karának dékánja, ezt követően pedig hét  éven át az Egyetem rektora volt. Ebből az aspektusból  vizsgálja a szerző azokat a joghelyeket, amelyeket  problémásnak ítélt, különös figyelemmel a törvény 2014. évi módosítására, illetve a kancellári rendszer bevezetésére.