bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Removal of color and turbidity in sugarcane juice treated by electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes
Authors: Ogando Felipe Iwagaki Braga , Xastre Taís , Simões Eduardo , Aguiar Claudio Lima de
Published: September 2021

Abstract The liming (Ca(OH)2 addition) and sulfitation (HSO3- addition) is the conventional treatment for purification of sugarcane juice (SCJ) in sugar cane mills to crystal sugar production. Although, the sulfite has been associated to human health problems, this industrial step kept untouchable or few studies have been made to change this scenery. This work aimed to evaluate the variables which influence the electrocoagulation performance on the SCJ purification as a sulfur-free crystal sugar process. A fractional factorial design with the surface response methodology was used to evaluate the influence of voltage, pH, soluble solids total (Brix), temperature and distance between the electrodes in the electrocoagulation process. The outputs were turbidity, juice color, sucrose contents (as pol%juice) and Reducing Sugars (RS). Residual aluminum was analyzed by voltammetry to control de aluminum releasing into the treated juice. The electrocoagulation reduced color and turbidity, in special at low pH (2.5), highest voltage (25 V) and minimal distance of electrode (1.0 cm). Although in this conditions, sucrose was converted into RS indicating partial hydrolysis. In this work, the most part of residual aluminum went to floated and precipitated phases (76.8% and 18.1%, respectively), whereas only 5.1% remained in the SCJ clarified. Electrocoagulation/electroflotation proved to be a potential technique as a substitute for sulfitation in SJC treatment, which ensures the production of safe food for humans.
A Satisfação de Estudantes Universitários com o Curso de Ensino Superior
Authors: Soares Adriana Benevides , Rodrigues Isabela da Silva , Santos Giselle Glória Balbino dos , Lima Claudio de Almeida
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este estudo exploratório qualitativo objetivou identificar as características que compõem a satisfação dos estudantes universitários com o curso superior. A amostra foi composta por 78 alunos de diferentes cursos de instituições públicas e privadas situadas no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Na coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário específico construído especialmente para este estudo, baseado na literatura pertinente. Para explorar os dados, foi realizada a análise do corpus textual por meio do software Iramuteq (versão 0.7 alpha 2). Os resultados evidenciaram características de satisfação e insatisfação dos alunos. A satisfação foi especialmente proporcionada pela figura do docente, indicando o papel dele como facilitador no desenvolvimento do conhecimento e das habilidades profissionais dos estudantes. A insatisfação se relacionou principalmente ao não oferecimento de diversos elementos pelo curso, dentre os quais destacam-se o papel do docente, a oportunidade de vivenciar aspectos práticos da profissão, a estrutura da Instituição e a qualidade da informação fornecida. Os achados oferecem subsídios para que as universidades possam melhorar suas práticas, elevando a qualidade dos cursos.
Marcadores de Resiliência Infantil: Evidências de Validade para Estrutura Interna e Precisão
Authors: Oliveira Karina da Silva , Nakano Tatiana de Cássia , Peixoto Evandro Morais
Published: September 2021

Resumo A resiliência tem sido considerada um construto importante para o enfrentamento de situações adversas. Em que pese sua relevância, nenhum instrumento brasileiro encontra-se disponível para sua avaliação, especialmente na infância. Diante dessa lacuna, o objetivo deste estudo foi buscar evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna e na precisão do instrumento Marcadores de Resiliência Infantil (MRI), que busca verificar a presença ou ausência de indicadores de potenciais resilientes em crianças com idades entre oito e 12 anos. Participaram 461 crianças, das quais 223 eram meninas, de escolas públicas e particulares. Através do modelo Bi-factor, os resultados confirmaram o modelo teórico que serviu de base para sua construção, indicando a presença de seis fatores específicos e um fator geral (vulnerabilidade, coping, inteligência emocional, habilidade, bem-estar subjetivo, locus de controle) representados em 22 itens. Os coeficientes de alfa de Cronbach apontaram para adequação dos fatores Locus de controle, Coping e Total. É possível concluir que foram alcançadas evidências iniciais relacionadas à validade e à precisão do instrumento. Sugere-se que outros estudos sejam realizados a fim de compreender, de forma aprofundada, as qualidades psicométricas desse instrumento.
Caracterização dos Programas de Acompanhamento aos Jovens Egressos de Medidas Socioeducativas
Authors: Costa Cibele Soares da Silva , Alberto Maria de Fatima Pereira
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar os programas de acompanhamento aos jovens egressos de medida socioeducativa de internação (MSE). Participaram da pesquisa quatro membros de coordenação de programas de acompanhamento aos egressos de MSE de três estados brasileiros. Foi utilizada uma entrevista aberta individual cujos dados foram analisados a partir da Análise Temática de Conteúdo, de forma que se constatou as seguintes categorias: criação e implementação dos programas de acompanhamento aos egressos de MSE; funcionamento dos programas de acompanhamento aos egressos de MSE; e metodologia dos programas de acompanhamento aos egressos de MSE. Os dados analisados mostraram que os programas de acompanhamento aos egressos de MSE assumem características diferentes nos estados. Identificou-se também que os programas têm facilitado o acesso dos jovens acompanhados às políticas sociais, por meio da realização do trabalho em rede, baseado na incompletude institucional e na efetivação do Plano Individual de Atendimento. Conclui-se que a existência desses programas representa a continuidade das ações socioeducativas, mas eles necessitam de maiores investimentos que assegurem a permanência da oferta enquanto uma política universal, a partir do estabelecimento de um serviço de caráter continuado, com princípios, diretrizes e objetivos em âmbito nacional.
AS EMENTAS E OS RECURSOS DIDÁTICOS EMPREGADOS NO ENSINO SOBRE TECNOLOGIA DO DNA RECOMBINANTE EM UM CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS
Authors: Oliveira Anna Clara da Costa , Silva Flavia Venancio
Published: September 2021

RESUMO: O DNA recombinante, assunto abstrato do currículo de Biologia, se não for devidamente abordado pelos professores, poderá ocasionar entendimento distorcido sobre suas implicações técnicas, sociais e éticas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar o tema DNA recombinante nas ementas do Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas de uma universidade pública localizada no estado do Rio de Janeiro, e conhecer a metodologia empregada para o ensino do tema. Na pesquisa, optou-se pela análise das ementas que compõem o curso na instituição e a utilização de entrevistas com dez licenciandos do quarto ano e com um docente que ministra a disciplina Genética Molecular. Os resultados revelaram que das cinco ementas que mencionam assuntos relacionados ao DNA recombinante, uma disciplina tinha sido lecionada nos últimos cinco anos. Os principais recursos didáticos apontados pelos participantes da pesquisa foram livro, filme e site na internet. A maioria das aulas sobre o assunto foi expositiva com o uso de slides, ilustrações, artigos, textos, vídeos e práticas demonstrativas.
Microbiological and structural quality of Oxisol under pasture renewal systems
Authors: Capristo Denise Prevedel , Ceccon Gessí , Fachinelli Ricardo , Tomazi Michely
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The central Brazilian Savanna biome, known as Cerrado, has a vast area of pastures affected by some degree of degradation, where one of the main challenges is incorporating these areas into a crop production system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pasture renewal systems on the microbiological and structural quality of a medium-texture Oxisol. A randomized blocks design was adopted, with four replications and eight pasture renewal systems: 1) soybean/off-season maize/soybean; 2) soybean/maize-grass intercropping/soybean; 3) grass for 10 months and then one soybean crop; 4) grass + rattlepod for 10 months and then one soybean crop; 5) grass for 13 months and then one soybean crop; 6) grass + rattlepod for 13 months and then one soybean crop; 7) one soybean crop; 8) original pasture (control). The microbiological quality was assessed based on soil microbial biomass carbon, soil microbial activity, microbial metabolic quotient - qCO2 and activity of the β-glucosidase enzyme; and the structural quality based on the soil structural quality index. The implementation of pasture renewal systems with grass as a single crop (systems 3 and 5) or intercropped with rattlepod (systems 4 and 6) improves the soil microbiological and structural quality. The pasture renewal system beginning with soybean/off-season maize succession (system 1) is not indicated for the medium-texture soil evaluated in this study.
Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for two subspecies of Handroanthus chrysanthus
Authors: Cueva-Agila Augusta Yadira , Manchego Carlos , Bastidas Cristian , Curto Manuel
Published: September 2021

Abstract An understanding of the genetic diversity and structure of plant species is essential in order to comprehend the degree of biodiversity loss and to develop successful restoration programs. Handroanthus is an important genus that presents one of the most valuable timbers of South America. Handroanthus chrysanthus is an important species distributed in Central and South America. Microsatellite markers are not previously developed for this species. Ten microsatellites for Handroanthus chrysanthus developed using high-throughput sequencing are presented here. The usefulness of these microsatellite loci for the genetic analysis of subspecies H. chrysanthus subsp. chrysanthus (distributed in coastal dry forests) and subspecies H. chrysanthus subsp. meridionalis (distributed in premontane moist forests) is analyzed. At least eight polymorphic microsatellites are useful for each subspecies, seven of which can be used in both subspecies.
Le Laboratoire du Musicien
Authors: Weiss Ledice Fernandes
Published: September 2021

RÉSUMÉ Dans cet article, nous partons du concept de laboratoire théâtral afin de dresser un bref panorama de travaux de laboratoire de recherche en musique récemment initiés par des musiciens brésiliens dans le cadre de projets de création, de performance et de pédagogie. On peut constater une augmentation constante de recherches sur le travail corporel et expressif réalisées par l’interprète musical engagé dans des expériences de théâtre instrumental et de travail musical collaboratif. Nous observons ainsi comment le travail de répétition et de création de l’acteur peut contribuer à l’amélioration de celui du musicien, en essayant d’interroger la manière avec laquelle il utilise son premier instrument, à savoir son corps. L’article permet d’analyser aussi dans quelle mesure ce travail de laboratoire musical qui s’inscrit plus largement au sein d’un questionnement de fond sur le processus créatif des arts du spectacle, comprend un potentiel de résistance politique et culturelle.
O FUTURO DAS TRANSFERÊNCIAS DE RENDA NO BRASIL: DILEMAS EMPÍRICOS E NORMATIVOS PARA UM PROGRAMA PÓS-PANDEMIA E PÓS-AUXÍLIO EMERGENCIAL
Authors: Lucca-Silveira Marcos Paulo , Barbosa Rogério Jerônimo
Published: September 2021

Resumo O objetivo desse artigo é refletir sobre os dilemas normativos que rondam o futuro das transferências de renda no Brasil, pós-pandemia. Iniciamos pela análise dos impactos da pandemia sobre resultados socioeconômicos e dos efeitos do auxílio emergencial sobre a distribuição de renda. Abordamos a discussão atual sobre os limites do Bolsa Família e o conceito de renda básica universal. Introduzimos três princípios de justiça para nortear nossa análise normativa: o igualitarismo, o prioritarismo e o suficientismo. Mostramos como esses conceitos permitem fazer questões sobres os objetivos de políticas e sobre dilemas morais implicados nos desenhos e métodos de implementação. Mostramos ainda que os próprios princípios de justiça são modificados quando levamos em conta aspectos práticos e não ideais da realidade sobre quais políticas são elaboradas.
A SOCIEDADE CONTRA O ACASO: TEORIA DE REDES E A PANDEMIA DO NOVO CORONAVÍRUS
Authors: Carvalho Lucas , Brasil Jr. Antonio
Published: September 2021

Resumo Neste breve trabalho, procuramos apresentar de maneira didática alguns fundamentos da chamada teoria de redes [network theory], mais especificamente os conceitos de “efeito de mundo pequeno”, “componente gigante” e “percolação”, que auxiliam no entendimento do rápido alastramento da pandemia do novo coronavírus. Enquanto teoria organizada com base no diálogo entre diferentes disciplinas, como a física, a matemática, a biologia e a própria sociologia, reputamos fundamental ampliar o contato dos cientistas sociais com os principais conceitos e achados empíricos desse campo transdisciplinar.
VOZES DE CAMPOS DO JORDÃO, DE ORACY NOGUEIRA, EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Cavalcanti Maria Laura Viveiros de Castro
Published: September 2021

Resumo Escrito no início do primeiro ano da pandemia, em abril de 2020, o artigo relembra a pesquisa precursora de Oracy Nogueira que fez da doença um tema sociológico. Vozes de Campos do Jordão: experiências sociais e psíquicas do tuberculoso pulmonar no Estado de São Paulo, re-editado pela Fiocruz em 2009, resulta de dissertação de mestrado defendida em 1945 na Escola Livre de Sociologia e Política de São Paulo. Nogueira busca, para além das causas orgânicas, as representações, os significados e estereótipos atribuídos à doença que informavam a conduta social segregadora. Do diagnóstico à almejada cura, passando pelo isolamento dos doentes em estação de cura, o estudo desvenda a experiência da doença sob os pontos de vista sociológico e psicológico. O conceito de estigma, mais tarde cunhado por Erving Goffman para dar conta desse tipo de construção da distância social transpira no estudo de Nogueira.
A dança como prática corporal nas academias: multiplicidade de sentidos
Authors: Silva Ana Carolina Marques da , Gehres Adriana de Faria , Caminha Iraquitan de Oliveira
Published: September 2021

RESUMO O presente estudo objetivou compreender os sentidos produzidos com a prática da dança em academias de ginástica. Utilizou-se como abordagem teórica-metodológica a fenomenologia, valorizando as experiências descritas por professores e coordenadores através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, interpretadas por meio das análises ideográfica e nomotética. As análises permitiram-nos identificar múltiplos sentidos atribuídos à dança nas academias. Conclui-se que, embora haja uma centralidade da dança como exercitação e produto de consumo nas academias, as instituições, na figura dos(as) coordenadores(as) e professores(as), não só reconhecem suas características multifacetadas, como se constituem como atores para compor e produzir novos sentidos à sua prática.
Mexican physical education teacher’s self-reported and self-perception of teaching style
Authors: Enríquez Oscar Núñez , Guedea-Delgado Julio César , Gastelum-Cuadras Gabriel , Romero-Pérez Ena Monserrat , Luján Ramón Candia , Nájera-Longoria Raúl Josué
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT To understand the self-reported and perception of teaching style used among Mexican physical education teachers. Participants included 104 (n=41 females and 63 males) elementary physical education teachers from northern Mexico. Results showed that a traditional teaching style tends to be mainly used either by male and female’s physical education teachers. Showing differences between genders and teaching styles. Female teachers tend to combine a traditional teaching style with one that connects with students engaging in physical activity, developing positive values and attitudes. Cultural context plays an important aspect when developing a teaching self-perception.
Interlocuções entre acolhimento e crise psíquica: percepção dos trabalhadores de uma Unidade de Pronto-Atendimento
Authors: Homercher Bibiana Massem , Volmer André
Published: September 2021

Resumo A Lei da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira (RPB) dispõe sobre os cuidados e sobre a atenção à pessoa em crise psíquica e, a partir desse documento, tais demandas passaram a ser ponto-chave para os serviços de saúde, inclusive para as unidades de urgência e de emergência. Com base nessa normativa, objetivou-se analisar as noções que os profissionais apresentam com relação ao acolhimento e à crise psíquica. Optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, que realizou entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 profissionais de distintos setores de uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo, em que se constataram duas categorias emergentes: 1) Noção de crise psíquica para os profissionais da UPA e 2) Noções e as práticas de acolhimento à crise psíquica exercida pelos(as) trabalhadores(as) da UPA. Os resultados evidenciam que tanto a noção de crise psíquica quanto as práticas de acolhimento empregadas pelos trabalhadores, de uma forma geral, estão associadas ao modelo biomédico, com dificuldade para ampliar a compreensão e os modos de acolher sujeitos em crise. Nesse sentido, a noção dos trabalhadores da UPA em estudo, com relação ao acolhimento da pessoa em crise psíquica, está desarticulado com o que preconiza a RPB.
INDICADORES DA TERCEIRA MISSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA: PERSPECTIVAS PARA MENSURAR AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DAS UNIVERSIDADES PARA A SOCIEDADE
Authors: Dassoler Fabiana Edier , Trierweiller Andréa Cristina , Ferenhof Helio Aisenberg , Konrath Andréa Cristina , Vincenzi Silvana Ligia
Published: September 2021

A terceira missão universitária está em constante mudança na tentativa de acompanhar as demandas sociais, promoção e cultura. Mensurar como atividades da universidade e compartilhar com a sociedade é atender os princípios da governança, como transparência, prestação de contas e responsabilidade. Este artigo objetiva identificar possíveis indicadores da terceira missão universitária e os principais conceitos e construções relacionadas ao tema. Desenvolveu-se uma revisão sistemática de literatura (RSL) e da análise bibliométrica, por meio do método Systematic Search Flow (SSF). Conclui-se que, mensurar como atividades da terceira missão universitária e seus impactos sociais, apesar de todos os esforços acadêmicos e governamentais, não é uma tarefa fácil.A dificuldade está nas múltiplas atividades e interpretações do que é a terceira missão, porém,
Tuning water adhesion of superhydrophobic surface by way of facile laser–chemical hybrid process
Authors: Wang Qinghua , Wang Huixin
Published: September 2021

Superhydrophobic surfaces with various water adhesion behaviours have received tremendous attention in both fundamental research and practical applications. In this work, a novel laser–chemical hybrid process was developed to fabricate superhydrophobic surface with both low and high water adhesion. Periodic cross-hatch micro-bulge arrays were fabricated on aluminum alloy surface by way of nanosecond laser irradiation. After surface chemical treatment, the laser–chemical treated surface showed either superhydrophobicity with low water adhesion using silane treatment only, or superhydrophobicity with high water adhesion using both silane treatment and sodium chloride (NaCl) treatment. The change of water adhesion on the laser–chemical treated superhydrophobic surface was attributed to the simultaneous decrease of surface energy and increase of attraction between the water droplet and sodium chloride salt. This approach could provide a novel but simple solution to tune the water adhesion of superhydrophobic metallic surfaces, thus benefiting related research and industrial areas.
Trade Policy is Real News: Theory and Evidence
Authors: Alessandria George , Mix Carter
Published: September 2021

We evaluate the aggregate effects of changes in trade barriers when these changes can be implemented slowly over time and trade responds gradually to changes in trade barriers because firm-level trade costs make exporting a dynamic decision. Our model shows how expectations of changes in trade barriers affect the economy. We find that while decreases in trade barriers increase economic activity, expectations of lower future trade barriers temporarily decrease investment, hours worked, and output. Further- more, canceling an expected decline in future trade barriers raises investment and output in the short run but substantially lowers medium-run growth. These effects are larger when the expected reform is bigger. In the data, we find that countries with more trade growth after the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) rounds decreased investment and hours worked in the years leading to the tariff cuts, as predicted by our model.
Creating a climate of change in the City of Johannesburg: Co-learning to adapt to climate change
Authors: Vogel Coleen , Mukute Mutizwa , Coetzer Kaera , Gwata Mzukisi
Published: September 2021

Climate change is one of the multiple stressors facing African cities; these cities are responding by developing climate change action plans including adaptation and mitigation policies. Effectively mainstreaming climate change in city plans and operations and moving from ambition to implementation is complex. Multi-actor engagement, transdisciplinary knowledge interactions, co-designing and sustained co-learning are often required in such planning and action contexts. In this paper, we trace and reflect on the process of developing an adaptation planning process for the City of Johannesburg, South Africa. Given shortcomings of the previous adaptation responses attempted in the City, specifically that of poor uptake, we trialled a more intentional and directly designed, formative and interventionist approach using Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT). We reflect on what we as a research team and City officials learnt in this process. Our findings emphasise that exploring the local context remains critical in understanding and surfacing tensions with potential climate change responses. Failure to be mindful of such issues will likely result in mere compliance, and potentially, maladaptation. Contrary to experiences in other South African settings, rather than attempting to engage all actors simultaneously, our experience suggests that working with a core group initially, before expanding the circle of actors, is needed. These actors serve as mediators and pivotal actors for learning and change, and, with appropriate authority and passion, can drive, coalesce, and potentially re-enthuse waning interest from within. They leverage already existing trust relationships and strengthen participation throughout the process. Combined, these factors are critical for ensuring implementation and legacy.Significance:

Careful attention to a co-designed and emergent ‘Theory of Change’ can help both the process and design of engaged climate change research and help to reframe the climate action needed in urban contexts.
The collaborative processes we applied increased awareness and engagement between officials around issues of climate change and, in particular, climate change adaptation.
The lessons and opportunities gathered in the miniature expansive learning journey we trialled may be useful for others trying to embark on climate change adaptation journeys in cities in Africa and beyond.
Coastal management – working towards the UN’s Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030)
Authors: Taljaard Susan , Adams Janine
Published: September 2021

The UN declared 2021-2030 as the Decade of Ocean Science and identified research and technology priority areas to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. We reviewed the current status of scientific support for coastal management in South Africa within the context of these priorities and found promising development. However, challenges for the next decade remain, such as rolling out pilot projects into sustainable, national-scale programmes, facilitating greater collaboration and coordination among scientific role players, and achieving long-term commitment and political will for dedicated financial support. Through our lens as natural scientists we focused on the ecological system and coupling with the social system; however scientific support on better characterisation and understanding of the dynamics within the social system is also critical as sustainable development relies heavily on the willingness of the social system to embrace and execute related policies.Significance:

The UN Decade of Ocean Science (2021–2030) sets research and technology priority areas to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.
We found promising development in scientific support for coastal management in South Africa.
Future challenges include greater collaboration and coordination among scientific role players and long-term commitment and political will for dedicated financial support.
A thesis embargoed: Personnel research and ideology in South Africa after World War II
Authors: Louw Johann
Published: September 2021

Ten years after the conclusion of World War II, the Department of Native Affairs of the National Party government of South Africa sponsored research into the selection of African civil servants. The study was conducted by Rae Sherwood, under the auspices of the National Social Research Council, and the National Institute for Personnel Research. In 1960, Sherwood submitted the work to the University of the Witwatersrand to obtain a PhD degree. Two government departments objected to the award of the degree. In this paper, I recount the history of the research, explaining that the acceleration of the apartheid project between 1948 and 1961 played a significant role in the controversy that developed. The paper furthermore illustrates the difficulties faced by social scientific research under repressive political conditions, and the need for a more nuanced view of the psychological research of the National Institute for Personnel Research in South Africa at the time.Significance:

The history of South Africa’s research organisations has been of interest for a long time. This study recalls the history of an unknown chapter in the history of the National Institute for Personnel Research, based on a PhD submission kept under embargo in the archives of the University of the Witwatersrand. The study was methodologically sophisticated, rich in data, but controversial in its findings, at least as it reflected on the policies pursued by the apartheid government after World War II. It adds another contextual element to the type of work conducted by the Institute.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF A TURBULENT FLOW IN A CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR
Authors:   Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan Institute of Mechanics and Seismic Stability of Structures named after M.T. Urazbayev (Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan), Malikov Z.M. , Madaliev M.E. ,   Fergana Polytechnic Institute (Fergana, Republic of Uzbekistan)
Published: September 2021

The numerical results of mathematical modeling of a two-phase axisymmetric swirling turbulent flow in a separation zone of a centrifugal separator are presented. The motion of the carrier gas flow is described by the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. A system of equations is enclosed by the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. The study is based on the obtained fields of averaged velocities of the carrier medium, with account for turbulent diffusion. Numerical solution to the problem is implemented using the semi-implicit method for pressure linked equations (SIMPLE). The results obtained when the solid phase effect on the air flow dynamics is taken into account are compared with those obtained when the effect is left out of account. The numerical calculations are validated using the experimental data.
AN ELECTROMAGNETIC CATAPULT FOR LAUNCHING HEAVY UAVs (DRONES) FROM SMALL VESSELS
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Baganov A.P. , Butov V.G. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Nosov G.V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Nosova M.G. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Sinyaev S.V. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Solonenko V.A. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2021

The paper presents the results of mathematical modeling of the operation of a novel electromagnetic catapult design. The main elements of the latter are a single-section multi-rail accelerator with a metal armature and a pulsed energy source based on the powerful pulsed MHD generator and current-increasing transformer. The possibilities of such a scheme for accelerating bodies weighing 7 tons to speeds of about 150 km/h at a maximum permissible acceleration of 15 g are investigated. The mathematical model describes the coordinated operation of the device, starting with connecting of the pulsed MHD generator in idle mode to the primary winding of the transformer and up to the moment when the drone accelerates to a given takeoff speed. Using the proposed model, the efficiency of the electromechanical energy conversion in the developed catapult scheme is tested. The parameters of the main elements of the device, namely the length of the acceleration section of the catapult and the maximum acceleration of the drone, are determined.
Transformation of Value in Innovative Business Models: The Case of Pharmaceutical Market
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Klimanov Denis , Tretyak Olga ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Goren Uri ,   Teva Pharmaceuticals, White Timothy ,   Teva Pharmaceuticals
Published: September 2021

Creating and developing innovative business models (BM) is currently one of the key success factors for contemporary business. Rapid complex changes in the world reemphasize the need to better understand how BM can be successfully innovated in different markets. The digital component of BM innovation comes under a special spotlight, using the example of a company within the pharmaceutical industry. In particular, this study demonstrates how BM innovation can be developed and implemented in practice within the pharmaceutical market, which accelerates its digital transformation to increase the value it brings to the healthcare systems around the world while sustaining the ongoing crisis. In order to do that, the current paper offers a framework for BM innovation that defines BM elements, BM innovation aspects, and BM innovation logic. The study covers six markets that represent different value creation systems and mechanisms. This paper demonstrates how technological innovations can be activated using managerial tools and insights and also how they can be combined into the holistic system based on the needs of the key value chain actors.
Innovation Policy Learning in Iran’s Development Plans
Authors:   Shahid Beheshti University, Fartash Kiarash , Elyasi Mahdi ,   Allameh Tabataba’i University, Ghorbani Amir ,   Shahid Beheshti University,   Iran Vice-Presidency for Science and Technology, Sadabadi Aliasgar ,   Shahid Beheshti University
Published: September 2021

Apart from “future-shaping” tools (such as forecasting, scenario planning, etc.), many countries also use “backward-looking” approaches to develop long-term strategies for switching to a new economic model. A retrospective assessment of accomplishments and failures (or policy learning, PL) helps learn lessons, and improve the effectiveness of innovation policy. Using the example of Iran, the paper examines the use of PL to assess key initiatives in the field of science, technology, and innovation over the past two decades. Field research allowed to identify the main policy goals, analyse their evolution and the changes in the perception of previously made decisions by politicians themselves. The active use of technical and conceptual PL indicates a relative progress in adjusting the policy vector. At the same time partisan policy learning remains common, applied to legitimise the current course, which indicates insufficient maturity of Iran’s political system (as is the case in many other developing countries). It is concluded that to make real progress and increase the effectiveness of innovation policy, technical, conceptual, and social PL should be applied, while keeping the use of partisan policy learning at the minimum.
Multi-Framework Implementation of the Problem Management Process
Authors:   Instituto Universitario de Lisboa, Pereira Ruben , Bianchi Isaías ,   Universidad de Lima, da Silva Araújo Virgínia ,   Atlantica University
Published: September 2021

Many different information technology frameworks have been proposed to assist organizations implementing information technology. However, these frameworks are complex, difficult to implement, and overlap with one another making their simultaneous implementation even more difficult to accomplish by organizations. This study proposes to develop an overlapless maturity model that helps organizations deal with the aforementioned problems. The model was applied and evaluated by experts at five organizations. This approach was recognized as useful, complete, and helpful in a multi-framework implementation by problem management (PM) experts. This research provides contributions for academics since it distinguishes itself from the existing studies in the body of knowledge and is a baseline for further investigation.
CAVAKHETİ BÖLGESİ ÖRNEĞİNDE GÜRCÜ VE ERMENİ DİL İLİŞKİLERİNE GÖRE SİVİL ENTEGRASYON SORUNLARININ ÇEŞİTLİ YÖNLERİ ÜZERİNE
Authors: KHACHATURİANİ Jana
Published: September 2021

Gürcistan’da Gürcülerin yanı sıra bu ülkede ihtiyaçları ve kültürel özlemleri ile bir yaşam biçimi oluşturan diğer milletlerde de yaşamaktadır. Ancak çoğu durumda, mezhepsel, etnokültürel ve dilsel farklılıklar nedeniyle belirli marjinalleşme belirtileri de gözlemlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, nüfusun birliğini sağlamak için devletin vatandaşlarının yakınlaşmasını engelleyen tüm faktörlerin üstesinden gelmesi gerekmektedir. Bunlardan en önemli sayılan biri de dil yeterliliği sorunudur. Devlet diline hâkim olmak ise başarı için vazgeçilmez bir koşul olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bildiğiniz gibi bir ülkenin egemenliği büyük ölçüde devletin diline bağlıdır; devlet dilinin korunması ve yaygınlaştırılması devletin istikrarının garantisidir. Ülkedeki dil sorunu ise sivil entegrasyon eksikliğini açıkça göstermektedir. Dil, sivil birliğinin garantisidir; en azından insanlar birbirini anlamalı, başka bir deyişle "Aynı dili" konuşmaları gerekir. Günümüzde devletin temel önceliği, ülke nüfusunu tek bir sosyal alanda buluşturmaktır. Bu yol ise devletin resmi diline sahip olmaktan geçer.
Ermenistan, Gürcistan'a komşu olan ülkelerden biridir. Bu nedenle, Ermenilerin tarihsel olarak Gürcistan ve Ermenistan arasında kolayca hareket etmeleri de doğaldır. Ermeniler birçok durumda Gürcistan’a yerleştiler ve iş sahibi de oldular. Geçmişte Ermenilerin göçü genellikle askeri veya afet nedeniyle, bazen ticari ve diğer ekonomik çıkarlardan ve bunun gibi nedenlerden dolayı olmuştur.
Sovyetler Birliği dönemi Ruslaştırma politikası ve Sovyet Cumhuriyetlerin bağımsızlığı üzerindeki kısıtlama koşullarında Gürcüce konuşmayan nüfus yasal olarak sadece Gürcü vatandaşlığına sahipti, ama zihinsel olarak nüfusun tanımsız bir sivil kimliği vardı. Sovyetler Birliği'nin çöküşünden sonra sivil entegrasyon süreci daha karmaşık hale geldi. Oluşan durumun birkaç sebebi vardı:
• Gürcüce konuşmayan nüfusun Gürcü dilini öğrenmek için düşük motivasyonu ve
devlet iradesinin zayıflığı;
• Gürcistan'ın Gürcüce konuşmayan nüfus için Gürcü dilinin "ikinci dil" olarak vasfetmesi ve böylece anılan nüfusun motivasyonunu düşürmesi;
• Gürcüce konuşmayan nüfus için Gürcü dili ders kitaplarının ve öğretmenlerin düşük nitelikleri;
• Gürcüce konuşmayan nüfus için Gürcü dilini öğretme metodolojisinin kusurlu oluşu.
Quadro de trabalho para Revisões Sistemáticas e Quantitativas da Literatura (RSQL) v1
Authors: Vartanian Daniel
Published: September 2021

Este protocolo foi criado para o programa de Revisões Sistemáticas e Quantitativas da Literatura (RSQL) científica do Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Sono (GIPSO), mas ele pode ser utilizado por qualquer um que queira realizar uma RSQL. O programa foi criado para que novos ingressantes do GIPSO possam dar um pontapé inicial em uma carreira acadêmica na cronobiologia. As RSQLs partem do método apresentado por Pickering & Byrne, que pode ser conferido em mais detalhes neste link. O GIPSO também conta com um sistema voltado a RSQLs, representado por um pacote R chamado {sqlr}. Saiba mais sobre o pacote {sqlr} neste link. Para dúvidas ou sugestões, entre em contato em gipso@usp.br.
El Padre asesinado en Colombia: entre el padre viril y el padre amoroso
Authors: Orozco Wilson
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo analiza la presencia del padre asesinado en la narrativa colombiana de las últimas dos décadas. Para tal efecto, se han escogido tres textos que por sus características novelescas y narrativas, por la posición central que tiene este asesinato y por su importancia mediática los convierten en claramente representantes de la muestra. Dichos textos son Mi confesión de Mauricio Aranguren, No hay causa perdida de Álvaro Uribe Vélez y El olvido que seremos de Héctor Abad Faciolince. Se encuentra entonces que hay una relación entre las características de los padres descritos y las respuestas de los hijos frente al asesinato. Así tres tipos de reacción se pueden identificar: la venganza sanguinaria en Mi confesión, la salvación de la patria en No hay causa perdida y la escritura desencantada en El olvido que seremos.
1962 Küba Krizi: Amerikan Arşivleri Üzerinden Bir Okuma
Authors: Ataç Kaan Kutlu , Özcan Begüm Sezin
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Soğuk Savaş’ın en önemli nükleer krizlerinden birisi olan 1962 Küba Krizi’nin Amerikan arşiv belgeleri üzerinden bir okumasının yapılmasıdır. Arşiv belgeleri özellikle kriz süresince Amerikan karar alma mekanizmasının en tepesinde yer alan Başkan Kennedy’nin milli güvenlikle ilgili kurumların koordineli çalışmasının sağlanmasındaki etkisini ortaya koyması bakımından önemlidir. Nitekim bu çerçevede Kennedy’nin kriz süresince günde birkaç defa toplanan ve milli güvenlikle ilgili kurumların temsilcilerinin görüşlerini serbestçe ifade ettikleri bir platform olarak Milli Güvenlik Konseyi İcra Kurulu (The Executive Committee of the National Security Council/ ExComm) ön plana çıkmaktadır. ExComm toplantılarına ait tutanaklar ve diğer arşiv belgeleri kriz sürecinin yönetilmesindeki mekanik yapının anlaşılmasında önemli bir nokta olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu anlamda çalışma, nükleer savaşın eşiğindeki Amerika’nın milli güvenliğe bağlı olarak dış politika karar alma sürecinde liderlik yapısının yeri nedir ve liderlik yapısı hangi saikler üzerinden hareket etmiştir sorusuna cevap vermektedir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın ilk bölümünde kuramsal değerlendirme yer almaktadır. İkinci bölümde krize giden yolda hangi parametrelerin etkisi olduğu ele alınmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde Küba Krizi’nin gelişimi detaylı olarak kronolojik safhalarıyla ele alınırken Amerikan karar alıcıların krizin gelişimine dair düşünceleri arşiv belgeleri üzerinden incelenmiştir. Bu noktada ABD Dışişleri Bakanlığı’nın Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS) belgeleri ve gizlilik dereceleri kaldırılmış CIA belgeleriyle desteklenerek detaylandırılmıştır. Son bölümde krizin sona ermesiyle ortaya çıkan uluslararası ortam açıklanmıştır.
DFT, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies on natural chromone derivatives from Cassia nomame for their possible antiviral activity against Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2
Authors: ERDOĞAN Taner
Published: September 2021

In this study, two naturally occurred chromone derivatives obtained from Cassia nomame which are recently entered the literature, have been investigated computationally for their potential antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. In the first part of the study, DFT calculations were performed on the investigated compounds. In this part, geometry optimizations, frequency analyses, molecular electrostatic potential map calculations, frontier molecular orbital calculations and NMR spectral studies have been performed. In the second part of the study, molecular docking calculations were performed. SARS-CoV-2 main protease (SARS-CoV-2 Mpro) was selected as receptor for molecular docking calculations. In the third part of the study, molecular dynamics simulation studies were performed on the top scoring SARS-CoV-2 Mpro – ligand complexes. In this part, binding free energy calculations were also performed on the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro – ligand complexes with the use of molecular mechanics with Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) method. Results showed that, two naturally occurred chromone derivatives, 5-(isobutyryl)-2-(2-oxopropyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one and 5-(isobutyryl)-2-(2-oxopropyl)-6-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one, showed quite high binding affinity to SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and remained stable during the molecular dynamics simulations. Additionally, in the last part of the study, drug-likeness analyses were performed on the investigated compounds with the use of Lipinski's rule of five and no violation was observed.
Synthesis of Benzimidazole derivatives containing Schiff base exhibiting antiurease activities
Authors: AKYÜZ Gülay
Published: September 2021

In this study some novel Schiff bases derivatives of benzimidazole containing thiophene ring were designed and synthesized by using various aldehydes. Seven different aromatic aldehydes with various side groups were used for synthesized. 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectra and LC-MS were used to identify all of the compounds. All synthesized compounds anti urease activities were calculated according to phenol-hypochlorite method by Weatherburn. The results indicated that all compounds have anti urease activity between 12.70±0.11 µg/mL and 14.00±0.08 µg/mL IC50 values. Especially the compound N'-[(1E)-2-furylmethylene]-2-[5,6-dimethyl-2-(2-thienylmethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]acetohydrazide (5g) has very close IC50 value (12.70±0.11 µg/mL) to thiourea (12.60±0.10 µg/mL) that is the standard inhibitor. 5g bearing furan ring at the N-3 position on the benzimidazole nucleus has the smallest volume of side group than others.
Doppler twinkling artifact observations: an open-access database of raw ultrasonic signals
Authors: Leonov Denis V. , Reshetnikov Roman V. , Kulberg Nikolay S. , Nasibullina Anastasia A. , Gromov Alexandr I.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Doppler twinkling artifact is a rapid change of colors seen in CFI-mode in the presence of kidney stones and calculi. Therefore, numerous researchers use the twinkling artifact as a diagnostic sign. However, this phenomenon is under-researched, because most assumptions concerning its causes are made based on pure visual observations of the scanners screen leaving the important steps of signal transformation hidden behind the black box curtains of ultrasound machines.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Raw radiofrequency ultrasound signals were recorded in the phantom studies. The recorded echoes were received from objects that create the Doppler twinkling artifact and artificial blood vessels and soft tissues imitators. The data were collected between June 2016 and March 2021. Sonomed-500 with the 7.5 L38 and 3.4 C60 probes served as the research machine for the signal capture.
Data records: We present the database containing raw radiofrequency ultrasound signals from the beam former output of the research ultrasound machine. The dataset consists of CFI and B-mode echoes recorded from twinkling objects. Therefore, this database can be useful for those who test, develop and study ultrasound signal processing algorithms. Furthermore, the database is freely available online. The 10.5 GB database consists of echoes received from five phantoms. Raw radiofrequency signals were stored in the binary files; scanning parameters were stored in text files. The database is available at: https://mosmed.ai/datasets/ultrasound_doppler_twinkling_artifact.
Code availability: The public can visualize the database content with the specially written program TwinklingDatasetDisplay available at: https://github.com/Center-of-Diagnostics-and-Telemedicine/TwinklingDatasetDisplay.git.
Usage notes: The database can be used to test and develop signal-processing algorithms, such as wall filtration, velocity estimation, feature extraction, speckle reduction, etc. Furthermore, the public is free to share (copy, distribute, and transmit) and remix (adapt and do derivative works) the dataset considering appropriate credit is given.
Physiological mechanisms of thermoregulation, their disorders in cerebral autonomic dysregulation
Authors: Gaifutdinov R. T. , Ismagilov М. F. , Khasanova D. R.
Published: September 2021

Body temperature reflects the state of homeostasis, the intensity of bioenergetic processes and the thermal state of the human body as a whole. In the physical sense, body temperature is a measure of the amount of thermal energy in the body, determines the rate of chemical reactions, affecting all biological functions of the body.
Hemostasis system in elderly patients with ischemic insult in the system of carotid arteries
Authors: Yasmanova A. N. , Kamchatnov Р. R. , Alijev А. A. , Kuzin V. М. , Yasmanova A. N.
Published: September 2021

There was performed investigation of rhelogic properties, of coagulation and anticoagulation blood systems in 88 patients of senile age with ischemic insult in the carotid system. It was determined that for elderly patients highly expressed tendencies for hyperaggregation and suppression of their own fibrinolytic blood activity are characteristic features. Initially increased level of aggregation and hypercoagulation, combined with presence in blood fibrin-monomer complexes were accompanied by progressing DIC syndrome, and as a rule, were associated with steady neurology deficiency and high incidence of mortality. Possible correction ways were considered for hemostasis system disorders in elderly patients.
Cutaneous manifestations in overweight and obese children and adolescent
Authors: Sunkwad Anuja , Mahajan Sunanda
Published: September 2021

Background: Obesity currently is regarded as universal disease of epidemic prevalence and known as the evil of the twentieth century. The last 3 decades we have seen an unprecedented increase in the prevalence of obesity throughout the world including India. Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risks of global deaths worldwide. However, despite all above mentioned problems, the impact of obesity on the skin has received minimal attention though it can be a window for obesity markers.Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. A total of 131 patients of age 5 to 18 years with BMI greater than 85 percentiles for age and sex and those willing to give consent for participation in the study were selected.Results: Maximum number of patients were obese with their BMI (body mass index) range falling between 95-99 percentile; according to IAP guidelines obese were 83 (63.35%), followed by overweight 27 (20.61%) and 21(16.03%) patients were severely obese. Acanthosis nigricans was the major cutaneous finding seen in 100% cases. Other common manifestations were striae distensae, acrocordons, hyperhidrosis, miliaria, frictional dermatitis and intertrigo, acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis and hypertrichosis.Conclusions: Obesity is associated significantly with certain dermatoses in children as well as in adults. Skin care of obese patients deserves particular attention, not only because of the high prevalence of cutaneous alteration but mainly because many of these disorders are preventable and could be treated which may improve patient’s quality of life.