bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Work-Life Balance of Hybrid Entrepreneurs
Authors: Sahoo Deepak Kumar , Pandey Ashutosh , Mittal Shashank , Luu Thi Minh Ngoc
Published: December 2024

Hybrid entrepreneurship, where individuals manage both full-time employment and entrepreneurial ventures, presents unique challenges and opportunities for achieving work-life balance. This paper examines the strategies and tools hybrid entrepreneurs use to manage their dual roles effectively. It explores the impact of technology, including project management software and scheduling apps, on balancing personal and professional responsibilities. The study also addresses common challenges such as time constraints, role conflict, and boundary issues, while highlighting future trends like advancements in technology and evolving work environments. By understanding these dynamics, hybrid entrepreneurs can enhance productivity, foster innovation, and maintain well-being. The findings offer insights into creating sustainable practices that support both personal and professional success.
The impact of personality traits on residents’ attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine: findings from a Chinese cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Xianan , Somasundram Piriya , Wang Xiujun
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study is to explore the impact of personality traits on the attitude of Chinese population towards COVID-19 vaccine. In this study, the Chinese Big Five Personality Scale and the self-designed COVID-19 Vaccine Attitude Scale were used to investigate the population in Shanxi Province, China. Through quantitative analysis of the valid data from 492 participants, this study found that there were demographic differences among Shanxi residents in personality traits and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine (ATCV). In the correlation analysis between the Five-factor model of personality traits and ATCV, three items of ATCV were positively correlated with conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness and extroversion, and one item of ATCV (effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine) was weakly negatively correlated with neuroticism. In the canonical correlation analysis, conscientiousness played a major role in personality traits, and the ‘effectiveness’ item in ATCV played a major role. Different personality traits and demographic factors are recommended to be integrated into the category of comprehensive consideration in the process of COVID-19 vaccine promotion and health education, and the relevant theoretical results of health communication can be combined to achieve better effects.
Comparison of glycaemic index of honey and sports energy products
Authors: Brekalo Nives , Banjari Ines
Published: December 2024

Consumers' interest towards glycaemic index (GI) is expanding due to their aspiration towards informed buying and increased awareness regarding diet. This is especially the case for people engaged in various physical activities. Their diet, besides general principles of a healthy balanced diet, should also meet the needs of training. Consumption of carbohydrates with different GI before, during and after training affects athletic performance, with high GI food being preferred. The aim was to compare the effect of honey and two different sports energy products on glycaemia and their potential in terms of sports performance. GI of acacia honey and two sports energy products (gel and jelly) was determined according to the method ISO 26642: 2010. Ten healthy males aged 23.2 years (20 to 27 years old) who are minimum 4 hours per week engaged in at least one sport were enrolled. Glycaemia was the least affected by honey (GI = 89.6 ± 37.1), while jelly increased glycaemia the most (GI = 162.1 ± 60.9), and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.008). Honey also showed good acceptability, and did not differ in subjective satiety score to gel or jelly. The results show that honey can be a good alternative to various sports energy products, and a more affordable one.
Influence of Selected Printing Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of FDM-Printed ABS Specimens Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Biglete Emmanuelle , Aquino Ruth R.
Published: December 2024

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is the most popular additive manufacturing technique for producing prototypes in which a semi-molten thermoplastic such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is extruded on a build plate in a layer wise manner from bottom to top. In FDM, the mechanical properties of a 3D-printed part are greatly affected by the build parameters such as the raster angle, extrusion temperature, layer thickness, and infill. With this, the objective of the present study is to characterize the effect of selected input build parameters on the compressive strength and impact resistance of the FDM-printed parts using orthogonal array, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Using Taguchi’s method for the design of experiment (DOE), the optimal build parameter combinations and significant main effects were determined. Confirmation experiments were also carried out and were compared with the Taguchi-based predicted values. The experimental results are within the accepted 95% confidence interval suggesting that the optimization was successful at 5% confidence level.
Stress-Strain State of Composite Stay Rope for Suspending Permanent Structures and their Components
Authors: Belmas Ivan , Kolosov Dmytro , Bilous Olena , Tantsura Hanna , Onyshchenko Serhii , Antonova Kateryna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research is to determine the influence character of the way the composite rope is connected to the permanent structure elements on its stress-strain state and to develop a determination method for such a state. Research methodology involves constructing the models of interaction between rigid fibers in a rope of composite design, using the methods of mechanics of layered composite materials, with complex consideration of its design and mechanical properties, and the condition of connecting rope ends to the permanent structure. The model is solved analytically using Fourier series on a discrete axis of layer numbers of a finite length while defining the distribution patterns of internal forces and displacements in rope layers. The algorithm for determining a stress-strain state of a rope with rigid fibers while considering a rope connection scheme to the permanent structure is established. The scientific novelty of research is in determination of the character and influence mechanism of a connection scheme of a composite rope with rigid fibers to the permanent structure on its stress-strain state. Practical value of the research is in that the obtained results make it possible to consider the influence character of the rope connection scheme to the permanent structure on a rope stress state and this allows justified determination of its safe operation conditions.
The Effect of Thermo-Oxidative Aging on Properties of Thermoplastic Starch Biocomposites Films
Authors: Ibrahim Ismail , Aziz Haziq Abdul , Osman Azlin Fazlina , Sattayanurak Suppachai
Published: December 2024

The non-biodegradable and non-renewable nature of synthetic plastics poses a long-term threat to ecosystems, contributing to environmental pollution and depletion of natural resources. Thermoplastic starch (TPS) is a biodegradable biopolymer and has been identified as one of the best alternatives to replace synthetic polymers, especially in packaging application. In this study, hybrid inorganic/organic fillers were incorporated into the TPS to form hybrid biocomposites films that performed better performance compared to the neat TPS. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OP) and dolomite (DO) were combined to form the hybrid fillers of the TPS biocomposites in the ratio of 1:4, 2:3, 3:2 and 4:1. Neat TPS was also prepared as control sample. The effect of thermo-oxidative aging on the mechanical properties of all the samples was evaluated. The structure of all samples was assessed using. X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescent (XRF). Based on the results, the TPS films with the hybrid fillers exhibited 61 % increment in tensile strength compared to the neat TPS films. In this study, OP4DO1 is best loading of the hybrid fillers to incorporated in TPS matrix as it achieved the highest value of tensile strength (5.61 MPa), modulus of elasticity (66.13 MPa) and elongation at break (59.93 %). Apparently, this study demonstrates a significant improvement in the tensile properties of the TPS when incorporated with these OP/DO hybrid fillers, thus indicate the potential of utilizing this TPS hybrid biocomposite in packaging applications.
Effects of Temperature and Pressing Time on Flexural Properties of Binderless Chipboards from Coconut Chip
Authors: Liem Huynh Thanh , Zakaria Zunaida , Ngoc Tran Le Quan
Published: December 2024

Coconut husk materials have become emerging candidates for the industry of furniture and housing due to their properties and abundance in tropical regions. This study explores using coconut chips, a sustainable and biodegradable resource as an alternative material to produce eco-friendly fibrous boards. The binderless chipboards were fabricated from coconut chips using compression molding at different pressing temperatures and times. The binderless chipboards’ thickness, density, and flexural properties were investigated. Results indicate that higher pressing temperatures and longer pressing times result in reduced thickness, lower density, and improved modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE). Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that binderless chipboards produced under optimized conditions could offer a viable alternative to traditional wood based particleboards.
Experimentation Evaluation of Dynamics of Steel Wire Rope
Authors: Bhashi Bhashi , Sreejath S. , Singh S.P.
Published: December 2024

Wire ropes represent a distinct category of ropes synthesized through the intertwining or braiding of individual steel wires. This unique construction confers notable attributes such as strength, flexibility, and durability to the resultant rope. The pervasive wire ropes across diverse industries underscores their capacity to adeptly manage substantial loads and endure adverse environmental conditions finding its application in mechanical, civil, mining, and marine engineering. This paper presents usage of image processing method to detect the deflection of a steel wire rope. The system comprises of dividing the wire rope into different sections, spatial referencing, frame separation, color-based detection, morphological operations, data collection and visualization. The steel wire rope deflection program will allow designers to conveniently process the transverse deflection trajectories of a steel wire rope in real time. One may further introduce any control actions when the deflection distance reaches a threshold value. The image-based algorithm enabled a robust detection of the deformed shape as a function of time, thus obtaining its dynamic trajectories. The deflection shapes and trajectories are compared with numerical predictions made using Cosserat Rod theory, which considers the geometric nonlinearities introduced due to large deflection. The numerical solution gave a rough estimate of the static deformation state of the wire, which agrees with the experimental results. This study will be useful for Structural Health Monitoring, Safety Assurance, Fatigue Analysis and Performance optimization. Moreover, the Continuum Mechanics employs Cosserat rod theory to model continuum robots which will provide enhanced computational efficiency and better dynamic simulation capabilities[18]. The deflection shapes and trajectories are compared with analytical predictions made using Cosserat Rod theory, which considers the geometric nonlinearities introduced due to large deflection.
Advancements in Abrasive Waterjet Cutting Technologies: A Comprehensive Overview and Future Prospects in the Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Perianu Ion Aurel , Murariu Alin Constantin , Botila Lia-Nicoleta , Marin-Corciu Matei , Duma Iuliana , Baeră Cornelia
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest trends in abrasive waterjet cutting technologies and their current state of the art. The article will explore the basic principles of abrasive waterjet cutting and the process advantages and application fields. Additionally, the article will discuss the latest developments in abrasive waterjet cutting technologies, including advancements in abrasive waterjet systems, automation and control systems, and nozzle materials. It will also highlight the most advanced systems currently available and their features and capabilities, as well as provide examples of industries with specific applications that are currently using abrasive waterjet cutting technologies. Finally, the article will discuss potential future developments in abrasive waterjet cutting technologies and their potential to enhance cutting precision, speed, and efficiency, and lead to new applications. Overall, this article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of abrasive waterjet cutting technologies and their importance in the manufacturing industry.
Climate Change and Emerging Infectious Diseases: A Precarious Relationship
Authors: Munro Nancy
Published: December 2024

Climate change is apparent. Temperatures are rising. Floods are more frequent and devastating. Climate changes can favor the development of emerging infectious diseases. The number of animal reservoirs and vector hosts can increase, further spreading pathogens. Many emerging infectious diseases were not historically considered major threats in US but have become a major concern in US territories and various states. In June 2024, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Health Alert Network advisory about an increase in local transmission of dengue fever. Preventing the transmission of emerging infectious diseases has become a focus of regulatory agencies. Nurse education at all levels should include infectious diseases and be coordinated with local, state, and regional institutions. Emerging infectious diseases are now formidable challenges to health care.
The effect of providing multi nutrient functional biscuits on the nutritional status of malnourished toddlers
Authors: Nadimin Nadimin , Asikin Hijra
Published: December 2024

The main cause of malnutrition in Indonesia is the lack of nutrient intake, making it necessary to address this through the provision of supplementary foods. On the other hand, Indonesia has various local food resources that have not been optimally utilized, which need to be processed to enrich the nutritional content of snacks that can be used to prevent malnutrition. This study aims to determine the effect of Tumiz functional biscuits on the nutritional status of malnourished toddlers. The research was conducted as a clinical trial using a randomized control group pretest-posttest design, involving malnourished toddlers divided into two groups. Each group consisted of 35 children, with each group receiving the following treatment: K1 (Tumiz biscuits + nutrition education for their mothers), and K-2 (only nutrition education for their mothers). The intervention lasted for 4 weeks, nutrition status and albumin levels, before and after the intervention. The effect of the intervention within each group was analyzed using paired sample t-tests, while the effect between groups was analyzed using independent sample t-tests. The results showed a significant improvement in the z-score of BB/TB in the intervention group (p=0.007), but there was no significant difference in the z-scores of BB/U and TB/U between the two groups. Albumin levels decreased significantly in both groups, with no significant difference (p=0.312). In conclusion, the administration of Tumiz biscuits improved nutritional status based on BB/TB, but did not have a significant effect on BB/U and TB/U. Decreased albumin may be caused by a metabolic response due to prolonged malnutrition.
Social impacts of dams: Learning from lived experiences of Maphilingo community, Eswatini
Authors: Nhlengethwa Dumile G. , Chitakira Munyaradzi
Published: December 2024

The World Commission on Dams (WCD) highlights the crucial issues of social impacts of dams on local communities and emphasises that these have been neglected in the quest for eradicating poverty through infrastructure development. The broader questions of equity, community engagement and learning and others remain important in community development. This study builds on existing knowledge to assess learning from the social impacts of Lower Usuthu Smallholder Irrigation Project (LUSIP). A primary research was conducted in the Maphilingo Community Eswatini, which is in a rural setting. This article employs a qualitative approach to assess the learning resulting from the lived experiences of the Maphilingo community regarding the LUSIP project, using 32 semi-structured interviews, document review and observation. The community experienced positive and negative social impacts of the dam. Benefits were few and inequitable. Project spin-offs were minimal. Hence, community engagement was not meaningful, resulting in nominal learning opportunities. Communities normally learn considerable skills while working in project spin-offs like piggeries, that usual accompany dam projects. Hence, dam proponents should bring more project spin-offs, to optimise benefits and learning opportunities.Transdisciplinary contribution: This study utilises the social engagement school of thought for transdisciplinary research, merging development studies and pedagogical approaches. It integrates the WCD Framework and the Transformative Learning Theory (TLT) to form its conceptual basis, aiming to capture community experiences and learning from these experiences.
Smartphone addiction: Neck functional disability and quality of life among undergraduate university students
Authors: Baah Edmund Kwarteng , Asamoah Anthony Mensah , Amoakoh Raymond , Agbewu Emmanuella , Brown Eleazer Kofi Mensah , Akom Emmanuel , Deku Prince De-Gualle , Moses Monday Omoniyi
Published: December 2024

Background:

Smartphone usage is on an increasing rise among undergraduate students worldwide owing to their portability and usability. Although beneficial in many ways, excessive use places degenerative strain on the user’s skeletal system while also reducing their quality of life (QOL). This study investigated the relationships between smartphone addiction, neck functionality, and QOL among undergraduate students.

Methods:

A descriptive research design was adopted. Four hundred and four smartphone using undergraduates from a Ghanaian university (207 females, 197 males; mean age = 21.23 ± 1.769 years, who spent a mean of 8.13 ± 5.21 h on their smartphones daily) were recruited. The Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale (CNFDS), and assessment of QOL (AQoL) were used to assess smartphone addiction, functional levels of the neck, and QOL, respectively.

Results:

Among participants, 79.95% had a high degree of smartphone addiction. 99.26% scored above the normal range (≥20) on the CNFDS. There was a significant positive correlation between participants’ SAS and CNFDS scores (P = 0.038) and SAS and AQoL scores (P = 0.001), while CNFDS and AQoL (P = 0.885) were negatively correlated.

Conclusion:

Smartphone addiction is associated with neck disability among undergraduate students and negatively affects their QOL. Increasing awareness can alter how people perceive addiction. Further studies are required to understand the causes of smartphone addiction because the study also revealed that the participants were addicted to their phones.
Emergency Department Healthcare Providers’ Knowledge and Attitudes regarding Appropriate Indications for Indwelling Urinary Catheter Use
Authors: Al-Salamah Tareq , Alessa Alanoud , Aloraini Hassan , Abuguyan Fahad , Aldawood Badr , Farook Fathima Fazrina
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Indwelling urinary catheters (IUCs) are frequently used in emergency departments (EDs), but many insertions lack clear indications, leading to potential overuse. This overuse contributes to catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), costing billions in preventable healthcare expenses. Campaigns such as Choosing Wisely and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines aim to reduce unnecessary IUC use, improve patient outcomes and prevent CAUTIs.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey and retrospective chart review were conducted at an academic tertiary care centre. The survey targeted ED providers, including physicians and nurses, while the chart review encompassed all adult ED patients in 2022. The survey covered demographic information, self-reported understanding and attitudes towards urinary catheters, including clinical scenarios, to evaluate the knowledge of appropriate indications for IUC insertion. The data analysis was performed using NCSS software and involved t-tests or one-way analysis of variance to explore associations between sample characteristics and knowledge scores. The significance level for all analyses was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

A total of 96 of the 198 ED staff members participated in the survey. The confidence rate for knowledge of appropriate indications for IUC insertion was 100% among physicians and 97.8% among nurses. However, the results from the clinical scenarios in the survey showed that participants incorrectly answered in a range of 8%–75%. The mean scores of correct answers among consultants, residents and nurses were 65%, 67% and 66%, respectively.

Conclusion:

There is a considerable gap between ED healthcare providers’ subjective knowledge and attitudes and objective knowledge of appropriate IUC placement, which serves as a basis for an intervention to reduce the potential for inappropriate IUC insertion.
Topography: A Mandatory Screening Tool for Ocular Allergies
Authors: Gadekar Sarika A. , Urkude Yugandhara Shashikant , Shitut Niyati Nitin , Mishrikotkar Jyotika Prasanna , Deshpande Supriya Ashish
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

Assess the need of corneal topography as a diagnostic tool for corneal ectasia in patients with allergic conjunctivitis.

Subjects and Methods:

Cross-sectional, descriptive study in which 90 children who are clinically diagnosed with allergic keratoconjunctivitis of age 6–18 years of both gender coming to ophthalmology outpatient department at a tertiary care eye hospital underwent detailed ophthalmic examination and corneal topography on Pentacam (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany).

Results:

The maximum number of patients was in the age group of 6–10 years (48.88%) with a mean age of 11.28. The M: F ratio was 2.6:1 highlighting male preponderance. The most common history given by patients was diminution of vision and seasonal variation. 99.88% patients presented with congestion but 0.03% had positive Munson. 8.89% eyes presented with astigmatism of ≥−3. 3.88% had K-Max ≥49 D and 16.12% participants had K-Max between 46 and 48.9 on topography, suggestive of steep corneas. In our study, the most common axial curvature pattern found was symmetrical Bowtie (35.56%). Patterns suspicious of keratoconus like asymmetrical bowtie (23.89%), superior steepening (21.67%), inferior steepening (12.77%), symmetrical and asymmetrical bowtie with skewed radial axis (1.67%) was also noted. 15.56% patients had B-A outside normal limits which classifies them as keratoconus suspects. 27.23% eyes showed pachymetry between 499 and 450 μm and 7.78% showed pachymetry <450 μm, all these parameters indicate the paramount need to do an early corneal topography in all patients with allergic conjunctivitis. These patients also warrant regular follow-up with corneal topography to look for progression in thinning to confirm the diagnosis of keratoconus.

Conclusion:

The study highlights the importance of doing corneal topography in diagnosed cases of allergic keratoconjunctivitis for the early diagnosis and treatment of keratoconus. More aggressive management of allergic conjunctivitis can prevent their progression to established keratoconus.
First Case Report of Mortality Post Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery in a Known Case of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Behera Sharmistha , Mishra Smruti , Panda Pratyush Kumar , Agrawala Balkishan
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

We present the first case of death due to profuse bleeding from the wound margin following manual small incision cataract surgery (SICS) in a known case of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), a rare outcome in a common case. A 62-year-old male patient presented with profuse bleeding from the surgical wound of the left eye for 2 days following manual SICS. He was a known case of ITP with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding for which he was admitted few years back but had discontinued prescribed medications and did not mention this medical history to the concerned ophthalmic surgeon before surgery. His platelet count was 5000/mm3 on admission. The patient was admitted to the general medicine ward and was infused with 8 units of random donor platelets and started on injectable high-dose corticosteroids. Despite prompt interventions, the patient succumbed to profound bleeding and multiorgan failure. This case report underscores the importance of comprehensive preoperative evaluation, especially in patients with known bleeding disorders or a history of bleeding complications. While routine cataract surgeries may not typically require extensive preoperative testing as commonly used techniques these days are bloodless and sutureless, certain high-risk patients, such as those with ITP or other bleeding disorders, warrant thorough screening to assess the patient’s hemostatic status accurately to identify and mitigate any adverse outcomes.
From Obscurity to Clarity
Authors: Simran  , Ramchandani Suresh , Rawat Urmila , Kumari Mamta
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

A 3-year-old male presented with gradual, painless, and progressive vision loss in both eyes over several months. He followed the torchlight. Examination revealed normal pupillary reflexes, nystagmus, and inability to fixate. Slit-lamp examination showed a persistent pupillary membrane, aphakia, and an intact posterior capsule, with unremarkable fundus. There was no history of ocular surgery, infection, trauma, or birth complications. TORCH titers were negative. The mother denied seeing any white reflex in the eye. A diagnosis of spontaneous absorption of the lens was made. Temporary spectacles were prescribed following retinoscopy. The child subsequently underwent bilateral intraocular lens implantation with posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy, resulting in improved vision and increased playful behavior. Spontaneous absorption of the lens is a rare phenomenon and is a critical diagnosis to consider in pediatric ophthalmology. Comprehensive evaluation and early intervention can lead to excellent visual and developmental outcomes, improving the quality of life as demonstrated in this case.
Outcomes of OcxyLon Plus (4% Chondroitin Sulfate and 3% Sodium Hyaluronate) on Endothelial Cell Count in Cataract Surgeries with Systemic Comorbidities
Authors: Selvaraj Rajalakshmi , Krishnamoorthy Sharanyaa , Vaithianathan Vanaja , Tipandjan Arun
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to compare the endothelial protective effect of an ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD), which is a combination of 4% chondroitin sulfate and 3% sodium hyaluronate (OcxyLon Plus) with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC).

Methods:

It was a retrospective comparative study, where micro-incision cataract surgery performed using HPMC (Group 1) and the combination OVD (Group 2) were compared in 50 eyes each. Specular microscopy was done pre- and postoperatively at 1 month, to assess endothelial cell loss. The mean cell loss and percentage of reduction were calculated for variables such as age, diabetes, hypertension (HT) and cataract density.

Results:

In the age group of above 60 years, the combination OVD showed a lesser percentage of reduction of endothelial cells (14%) as against 22% reduction by HPMC which was statistically significant. The cell reduction with the usage of the combination OVD in diabetics (12%) and in hypertensives (11%) was lesser than the percentage of reduction with HPMC (18% in both diabetics and hypertensives) but not statistically significant. For cataract Grades 3 and 4, the difference in percentage of reduction was significantly lesser (P = 0.044) than the combination OVD. The mean phaco time was similar in both groups (OcxyLon Plus = 7.27 min and HPMC = 8.07 min). Thus overall, the mean endothelial cell loss in the combination group was 334 cells compared to the HPMC group which was 529 cells and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.027).

Conclusion:

OcxyLon Plus offers superior protection to the endothelium during phacoemulsification. Although it is a well-proven fact, the comparative analysis in terms of age, diabetes, HT, and cataract grading is novel in the present study.
Chemical-induced occupational asthma: A case series
Authors: Singh Rakesh Kumar , Mrigpuri Parul , Menon Balakrishnan , Sarma Mridul
Published: December 2024

Exposure to a variety of chemicals is known to have adverse consequences, occupational asthma being one of them. Isocyanate exposure has been found to be associated with airways obstructive abnormalities, but Indian data in this context are scarce. Similarly, the reports on the association of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) with asthma are very limited. We hereby present two cases of occupational asthma related to exposure of acrylic polyurethane, KMnO4, and sodium hypochlorite.
Angioleiomyoma of the uterus presenting as an endometrial polyp: An uncommon occurrence of two cases with a literature review
Authors: Kapaganti Vamsi K. , Shahin Mohammed , Mishra Anurag , Sethi Pruthiviraj , Jena Saubhagya K. , Chhatria Bhismadev , Ayyanar Pavithra
Published: December 2024

Angioleiomyoma is a benign neoplasm that arises from vascular smooth muscle cells. Angioleiomyoma of the endometrium is very uncommon. The differential diagnoses of this entity are myopericytoma, angiomyofibroblastoma, endometrial stromal tumor, and perivascular epithelioid cell tumor. 31-year-old and 45-year-old patients presented with heavy menstrual bleeding, lower abdomen pain, and dysmenorrhea. Perspeculum and radiological investigations showed an endometrial polyp. They underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy, polypectomy, and endometrial biopsy. Polypectomy specimens of both cases revealed polypoidal lesions lined by the endometrium. The core of the polyp was arranged in long intersecting bundles of spindle cells and interconnecting anastomotic patterns with many intervening thick-walled blood vessels. These spindle cells have oval and cigar-shaped nuclei, fine chromatin, and a moderate amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm, resembling smooth muscle cells. These smooth muscle cells of the vessel wall were merging with the adjacent walls of the blood vessel. There was no nuclear atypia or necrosis. The mitotic rate was 0–1/10 HPF. Focal areas of hyalinization and adipocytic components were noted in one case. The endometrial glands did not show intraepithelial or invasive neoplasia. On immunohistochemistry (IHC), these spindle cells were diffuse and strongly immunopositive for SMA and Desmin. CD34 highlighted the endothelial lining of the prominent thick-walled blood vessels. By correlating with histomorphology and IHC positivity, a diagnosis of angioleiomyomatous polyp of endometrium was rendered. We report two uncommon cases of angioleiomyoma of the endometrium and discuss the differential diagnosis and literature review.
Decoding morbidity patterns in ASHA workers of Vadodara, Gujarat – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chauhan Grishma , Pankaj Neelabh , Dhakate Bhavna , Gadhavi Kinjal , Pandit Niraj
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) play a pivotal role as village-level functionaries under the National Health Mission, driving community transformation, facilitating health planning, and ensuring access to healthcare services.

Objectives:

To assess the physical health status of ASHA workers and to investigate the prevalence of morbidities among ASHA workers.

Material and Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in Vadodara’s east zone, and involves 123 ASHA workers. A questionnaire focusing on health profiles, encompassing age, weight, height, body mass index, and blood pressure, as well as histories of acute and chronic illnesses, was employed for data collection. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize demographic and professional characteristics, and inferential statistics, such as Chi-square tests, were applied to assess associations and factors influencing the morbidity profile of the ASHA workers.

Results:

The participant’s mean age was 38.9 ± 6.85 years. The majority, 74 (60.2%), of them reported no morbidity, whereas 40 (32.52%) had a chronic illness and 9 (7.32%) had acute morbidity at the time of visit. Among the chronic morbidity, 50% of ASHA had poly morbidity. Anemia was found among most ASHAs, 32 (26.02%), followed by diabetes, 19 (15.45%), and hypertension, musculoskeletal problems, thyroid disorders, and obesity were the other major diseases found among the ASHAs in 14.63%, 13.82%, 13.01%, and 11.38%, respectively. Skin problems like fungal infection and rashes were found among 5.69%. Based on body mass index, 27 (21.95%) were found overweight and 14 (11.38%) were obese.

Conclusion:

The study revealed a 32% chronic morbidity prevalence among ASHA workers who are taking care of citizens’ health. It is high time to take care of our health team. First, they should be healthy as they are the role models of the community.
Prevalence and associated factors of uncontrolled blood pressure among hypertensive patients in a rural population of Salem, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Radhakrishnan Shankar , Arunthathi B Sanjana , Arulprakash S , Sangeetha S
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Hypertension, a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, is a prevalent public health concern globally. It imposes a substantial burden on healthcare systems, particularly in low and middle-income countries like India. Despite the availability of effective treatments, hypertension remains poorly controlled leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Rural areas often face unique challenges in managing hypertension due to limited healthcare access and awareness.

Objectives:

The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension and to identify associated factors among hypertensive patients in rural Salem.

Materials and Methods:

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Rural Health Training Centre over six months. A total of 382 hypertensive adults aged 18 years and above were included. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and clinical profiles were collected using a pretested semistructured questionnaire. Clinical measurements included blood pressure, BMI, and laboratory investigations. Statistical analysis included Chi-square tests and logistic regression to determine factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension.

Results:

The study revealed a high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension (62%) among rural hypertensive patients. Factors significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension included older age (>60 years) (odds ratio [OR] = 2.3, P = 0.027), obesity (OR = 2.7, P = 0.001), employment (OR = 1.5, P = 0.048), diabetes (OR = 2.6, P = 0.036), alcohol consumption (OR = 2.8, P < 0.001), and lack of physical activity (OR = 3.2, P = 0.034). Compliance to treatment was associated with better blood pressure control (P = 0.002) with noncompliant patients having 1.23 times higher odds of uncontrolled hypertension.

Conclusion:

The study emphasizes the urgent need for tailored interventions addressing lifestyle modifications, patient education, adherence to treatment regimens, and improved healthcare access to enhance hypertension management. These efforts are crucial for reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases and improving public health outcomes in rural communities.
Assessment of satisfaction of using socially marketed health consumables at government settings among beneficiaries in a rural area of Hooghly District, West Bengal
Authors: Sur Aditi , Paul Bobby , Bandyopadhyay Lina , Sahu Monalisha , Basu Rivu , Banerjee Ankush
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

India is committed to achieving universal health care for all by 2030. The objective of social marketing is to promote public health and its goal is to improve health for all, but there are some challenges like irregular availability, quality issue, inadequacy of marketing causes under- utilization of the government supplied health consumables.

Objectives:

Present study aims to find out the usage pattern and assess the perceived satisfaction level of beneficiaries of using various socially marketed health consumables at government settings and explore the perception of healthcare personnel regarding barriers to its usage in a rural area of India.

Materials and Methods:

A community-based, Mixed-Methods study (Convergent parallel design) was done in the service area of the Rural Health Unit and Training Centre (RHU&TC), Singur of Hooghly district, West Bengal, between January 2023 and December 2023, where the quantitative component was carried out by face-to-face interview among 150 beneficiary household respondents selected by two-stage cluster sampling; and qualitative component was done by 4 Key informant interviews (KII) among healthcare personnel (medical officer, public health nurse, pharmacist). Statistical data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS 16 version and Microsoft Excel for the quantitative part, and thematic analysis was done for the qualitative part. Institutional Ethics Committee clearance was obtained.

Results:

Ever use of government-supplied contraceptives like Chhaya (Ormeloxifene), Antara (Injectable contraceptive), emergency contraceptive pills, and intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) was done by only 15.3%, 10.7%, 7.3%, 32% of eligible beneficiary households, respectively. The major reasons cited for irregular use were unawareness of availability of the products (Chhaya = 76.3%, Antara = 64.9%, EC pills = 46.7%), poor faith regarding quality (Male condom = 40%, Generic medicines = 70%), inadequate promotion (IUCD = 53.9%). The majority of users of male condoms (90%), IFA tablets (52.9%), ORS (51.1%), and generic medicines (55.7%) were not satisfied after using those products. Key informant interviews among healthcare personnel revealed avoidance of using modern contraceptive methods and frequent unavailability of some socially marketed health consumables were the predominant causes of reduced uptake of those products by beneficiaries.

Conclusions:

Proper social marketing strategies, adequate promotion, regular awareness campaigns, and tailored training of field healthcare workers are required to improve the acceptability, availability, and marketing of these health consumables.
Need for travel health clinic: A cross-sectional study among international travellers availing yellow fever vaccination in a teaching institution
Authors: Sadawarte Deepika , Dakshit Kosturi , Sadawarte Mandar , Maria C. , Yadav Vaishnavi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Traveller’s health is one of the factors determining the success of his or her visit to the destination. The health aspects before, during and after travel are often neglected which may lead to untoward incidences during or after travel. Also, with the increase in national and international travel many emerging and re-emerging diseases are on the rise. This study was conducted to assess the awareness, knowledge and practices of the travellers and to find out the need for travel health clinics.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study among adults attending the Outpatient Department of International Travellers vaccination was conducted for 3 months. Data was collected regarding the awareness, knowledge and practices of 216 travellers by using a pre-validated interview schedule. Systematic random sampling was used to select these travellers. Analysis was performed after entering the data in Microsoft Excel and SPSS software wherein frequency percentages were calculated and the association was found between the awareness and felt need for a travel health clinic.

Result:

The purpose of most of the travellers was job-related, the majority being males. As the study was conducted in a yellow fever vaccination centre majority knew only this as a travel-related preventable disease condition. The awareness regarding travel-related diseases was found to be less and which led to a felt need by the travellers for pre-travel counselling with a doctor.

Conclusion:

Travel medicine is an emerging area for health care providers and there is a felt need for a travel health clinic with the increase in the domestic as well as international travel.
Impact of gestational diabetes on depression and breastfeeding self-efficacy in the postpartum period in a selected hospital of Bhubaneswar
Authors: Karna Tanupama , Rath Kalyani , Behera Anusuya
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication and metabolic disorder of pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM in all pregnancies is approximately 7%. Globally, there are 14% pregnancies with significant variability in prevalence based on diagnostic criteria, sociodemographic characteristics, and geographic region.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to determine the level of depression, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and association of depression among postnatal GDM and non-GDM mothers.

Methods:

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Obstetric and Gynaecology ward of KIMS hospital using a consecutive sampling technique. Out of 200 postnatal mothers, 100 GDM and 100 non-GDM postnatal mothers were recruited. Data were collected using a the self-structured demographic tool, Edinburgh postnatal Depression Scale, and Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale. Written informed consent was taken from the postnatal women before data collection. The inclusion criteria included postnatal women who were willing to participate and understand and respond in Odia or English, and postnatal women who have chronic diseases like tuberculosis, malignancy, renal failure, and cardiac disorder were excluded from the study.

Results:

The depression of mothers with GDM was found higher compared to non-GDM mothers, and breastfeeding self-efficacy was lower in GDM and higher in non-GDM mothers.

Conclusion:

In the current study, it has been concluded that the depression level of mothers with GDM was found higher compared to non-GDM mothers and breastfeeding self-efficacy was lower in GDM as compared to non-GDM mothers. GDM mothers have a significant impact on depression and breastfeeding self-efficacy during the postpartum period.
Impact of Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) Versus Freeze-Dried Bone Allograft (FDBA) on Peri-Implant Soft and Hard Tissue in Alveolar Ridge Preservation
Authors: Razi Mohammed A. , Mahajan Ankit , Zarrin Rabia , Roy Supratik , Singh Manoj K. , Kumari Sharmila
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:

After tooth extraction, alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) is essential to maintain the hard and soft tissue dimensions for future implant placement. Two frequently employed biomaterials in ARP are freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), each possessing unique biological characteristics.

Materials and Methods:

In a randomized controlled study, sixty individuals requiring ARP after tooth extraction were included. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A (n = 30) received PRF, and Group B (n = 30) received FDBA. Clinical measurements, such as soft tissue thickness, keratinized tissue width, and radiographic bone density, were recorded at baseline, three months, and six months after surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to assess changes in hard tissue, such as the width and height of the alveolar ridge.

Results:

Group A (PRF) showed a significant increase in soft tissue thickness over six months, with an average gain of 2.5 mm (P < 0.01). In contrast, Group B (FDBA) showed a 30% increase in bone density compared to baseline (P < 0.05). Group B experienced a decrease in alveolar ridge height and width of 1.2 mm and 1.8 mm, respectively, while Group A showed a reduction of 1.6 mm and 2.3 mm.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, peri-implant soft and hard tissues benefit from both PRF and FDBA during alveolar ridge maintenance. Soft tissue thickness can be improved more effectively with PRF, while FDBA is superior for preserving hard tissue.
Comparison of Three Methods for Lip Print Analysis: Lipstick, Latent, and Digital Photography for Sex Determination and Permanency Assessment Over Time
Authors: Kolay Sumanta K. , Sharma Rohit , Chaudhary Ajit K. , Sunil M. K. , Purkait Swapan K. , Jha Pradeep K.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Lip print analysis, also known as cheiloscopy, is a valuable tool in forensic science for personal identification and sex determination.

Methods:

A total of 116 individuals (58 males and 58 females) were enrolled in this study. Lip prints were obtained using three methods: lipstick application, latent print development, and digital photography. The obtained lip prints were analyzed for accuracy, sex-specific variations, and stability over a 6-month period.

Results:

Lip print patterns exhibited significant differences between males and females across all three methods. The lipstick method demonstrated consistent and identifiable lip print patterns, with 25 males (43.1%) and 39 females (67.2%) displaying pattern 1. In contrast, the latent method showed less consistent results, with lip print pattern 1 observed in 25 males (43.1%) and 28 females (48.3%). Digital photography emerged as a promising alternative, offering detailed documentation capabilities, with pattern 1 observed in 30 males (51.7%) and 37 females (63.8%). However, no statistically significant association was found between lip print patterns and sex in the latent and digital methods. A longitudinal assessment revealed variations in lip print patterns over time, with some individuals showing changes in pattern distribution.

Conclusion:

These findings underscore the utility of lip print analysis in forensic science and emphasize the need for further research to enhance the interpretation of lip print evidence.
Intraoperative Diagnosis: Imprint Cytology and Frozen Section in Ovarian Tumor, Averting Additional Surgery
Authors: Lanjewar Kiran , Deotale Sanjay , Vagha Sunita , Dakre Sudhanshu
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

A granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a type of ovarian cancer that constitutes approximately 10% of all ovarian malignancies. In this case, a female patient with hypothyroidism and a history of irregular periods was diagnosed with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) after a radiological examination, which subsequently recommended surgery. Frozen section analysis and imprint cytology assisted in the intraoperative diagnosis of the tumor. These diagnostic tools helped adopt a minimally invasive surgery where only the affected ovary was removed, thus avoiding an extra surgical procedure. It is usually described as a low-grade cancer, but it can recur many years later. Therefore, repeated imaging and tumor markers should be used to monitor the patient after the treatment and ensure early detection of the relapse, thus improving the patient’s prognosis.