bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Management as an Integral Method of Attention in the Treatment of the Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Vázquez-Atanacio María José
Published: September 2018

Currently, the health care methods for chronic diseases are leaving behind the paternalism and the doctor-patient relationship, giving way to a new model, in which people with any chronic disease play an important role in their own health care with the support of the health care provider, this is called self-management. An important aspect of the self-management of diseases is the determination and elaboration of specific strategies in the patient´s empowerment through knowledge, in order to face all the challenges and demands of living with this disease.
Koyunlarda Üremenin Denetlenmesinde Güncel Yaklaşımlar
Authors: AKAL Eser , AKDAĞ Ceyhan
Published: September 2018

Neolitik Çağ’da (M.Ö. 7-6)  evcilleştirilmiş olan koyun, eski insanlardan
beri günümüze kadar yün, et ve süt üretimi amacıyla yetiştirilmektedir.
Türkiye’de de neredeyse her bölgede çeşitli koyun ırklarının (Merinos, Akkaraman,
Morkaraman, Dağlıç, Kıvırcık, İvesi, Sakız, İmroz, Tuj, Hemşin, Herik)
yetiştiriciliği yapılmaktadır. Dünyada koyun sayısında bir artış gözlenirken
ülkemizde 1980’de koyun varlığı 46 milyon iken bugün bu sayının 31 milyona
gerilediği görülmektedir. Daha verimli bir üretim için teknolojiden
faydalanarak modern yetiştiricilik hedeflenmelidir. Bu amaçla koyun
yetiştiriciliğinde masraflar artırmadan iyi verim elde etmek ve hayvanların
üreme performanslarını üst seviyeye çıkarmak için çeşitli yöntemler
kullanılmaktadır. Teknolojik yeniliklere ilaveten doğal yöntemler ve çeşitli
hormonlar kullanılarak koyunların üretimi denetim altına alınabilmektedir.
Böylece dölverimde artışlar mümkün hale gelebilmektedir. Bu yöntemler başlıca;
koyunların fotoperiyodik bir siklus düzeni olduğundan, ışık uygulamaları ve
normal siklus içerisindeki hormonların (Progestagenler, PMSG, GnRH, PGF2α)
taklidi yer alır. Bu seminerin amacı koyunlarda üremenin denetlenmesi amacıyla
yapılan uygulamalar hakkında bilgiler vererek turlere göre uygun prosedürleri
açıklamaktır.
Turkey’s Volte-Face Politics: Understanding the AKP’s Securitization Policy toward the Syrian Conflict
Authors: Aghaie Joobani Hossein , Adısönmez Umut Can
Published: September 2018

Throughout its Republican history, Turkey has attempted to formulate a “non-interventionist” foreign policy toward its neighbouring countries. Since the onset of the Arab Uprisings, however, the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) has abjured the traditional policy of “non-military engagement”, adopting instead an assertive and security-oriented foreign policy that has paved the way for the securitization of the Syrian conflict in terms of its Kurdish component and of wider geopolitical aspects. This article aims to explore why and in what ways this abrupt shift toward securitization has occurred while discussing its broader implications on Turkish domestic politics as well. Using the Copenhagen School’s securitization theory, the article will unpack and analyse the internal and external dimensions of threat construction and otherization processes underlying Ankara’s securitization policy toward Syria to make the case for the obsolescence of Turkey’s traditional non-interventionist policy, which, we argue, results from an ontological insecurity approach toward the Syrian conflict. The article finds that Turkey’s securitization policy (i.e. interventionist approach) was chiefly driven by the fear of Kurdish autonomy and the growing Russo-Assad-Iranian alliance in Syria; and by the grand ambition of bringing the Muslim Brotherhood into power in Syria and consolidating Turkey’s agential importance in Western security architecture under the aegis of the US.
PROTECCIÓN CONTRA ESTRÉS BIÓTICO INDUCIDA POR QUITOSÁN EN PLÁNTULAS DE MAÍZ (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Lizárraga-Paulín Eva Guadalupe , Torres-Pacheco Irineo , Moreno-Martínez Ernesto , Miranda-Castro Susana Patricia
Published: September 2018

El maíz (Zea mays L.) es un cultivo importante en México, que es a menudo afectado por la presencia de hongos patógenos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto protector del quitosán en plántulas de maíz sometidas a estrés biótico. El experimento se llevó a cabo en la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, UNAM, durante 2008. Para cumplir el objetivo, después de algunas pruebas de calidad, tres grupos de semillas fueron sometidos por separado a los ataques de Aspergillus flavus y Fusarium moniliforme. Un primer grupo fue considerado como testigo positivo, otro fue recubierto con solución de quitosán y un último grupo fue dañado mecánicamente antes de la aplicación del biopolímero. Durante cinco semanas, el crecimiento de las plántulas se evaluó midiendo la longitud total, longitud de las hojas, de los tallos y el grosor de estos. No hubo incremento significativo en el tamaño de las plántulas, provenientes de semillas recubiertas con quitosán al compararse con el resto de los grupos; sin embargo, la ausencia de enfermedades en las plántulas tratadas con el biopolímero fue evidente. En la quinta semana de crecimiento, las estructuras foliares de las plántulas se sembraron en agar PDA, para determinar la presencia de los hongos estresantes. Se encontró que las hojas provenientes de las semillas tratadas con quitosán, desarrollaron carga fúngica nula, lo que sugiere que el quitosán actúa como un activador de mecanismos de defensa en plántulas de maíz, impidiendo la infección por los hongos patógenos utilizados.
PRIORIZACIÓN EJIDAL DE CRITERIOS SOBRE BIENES PÚBLICOS: EL CASO DE CAMINOS RURALES
Authors: Morales-Flores Francisco Javier , Martín-Fernández Susana , Cadena-Íñiguez Jorge
Published: September 2018

La participación de la sociedad en el diseño de políticas públicas, es un tema recurrente en el ejercicio de la autoridad. En este artículo se presenta un modelo de participación de la sociedad rural, donde se integra la opinión de los beneficiarios en el mantenimiento de los caminos rurales, mediante un proceso de análisis de jerarquías analíticas, que valora la importancia de criterios económicos, sociales y ambientales. Los resultados señalan que las preferencias de los pobladores para mantener un camino, se centraron en los beneficios prácticos de contar con un camino: mayor aprendizaje de jóvenes e infantes y mayor acceso a servicios sociales, principalmente. La participación social es un ejercicio práctico de ciudadanía como derecho de domicilio.
DETECCIÓN DEL IRIS YELLOW SPOT VIRUS EN EL CULTIVO DE CEBOLLA EN ZACATECAS, MÉXICO
Authors: Velásquez-Valle Rodolfo , Reveles-Hernández Manuel
Published: September 2018

El virus de la mancha amarilla del iris (IYSV) es la enfermedad viral de mayor importancia para los cultivos de ajo y cebolla en Zacatecas, México. A finales de mayo de 2010 se encontraron lesiones amarillentas en forma de diamante en hojas y tallo floral de plantas de cebolla en parcelas comerciales, localizados en los municipios de Loreto, Villa de Cos, Sain Alto, Villanueva, Calera de V. R. y Enrique Estrada pertenecientes al estado de Zacatecas. La prueba DAS-ELISA mostró resultados positivos para este virus en las muestras procedentes de diferentes municipios. Thrips tabaci el único vector conocido del IYSV se encontró en las parcelas comerciales muestreadas, aunque la presencia de Frankliniella occidentalis también fue reconocida en una parcela comercial de cebolla, cuyas muestras resultaron positivas a IYSV. No se encontró diferencia entre la altura, número de hojas, peso y diámetro de bulbo de plantas sin lesiones y aquellas con diferente número de lesiones de IYSV.
MOVAS C2009: TRIGO CRISTALINO CON RESISTENCIA A ROYA DEL TALLO
Authors: Félix-Fuentes José Luis , Fuentes-Dávila Guillermo , Figueroa-López Pedro , Chávez-Villalba Gabriela , Valenzuela- Herrera Víctor , Mendoza-Lugo José Alberto
Published: September 2018

La variedad Movas C2009 fue desarrollada en el campo experimental Norman E. Borlaug, en un proyecto colaborativo entre INIFAP y CIMMYT, para las áreas productoras de los estados de Sinaloa, Sonora y Baja California en México. Su pedigrí es CMH83.2578/4/ D88059//WARD/YAV79/3/ ACO89/5/2∗SOOTY-9/ RASCON-37/6/1A.1D5+106/3∗MOJO/3/AJAIA-12/ F3LOCAL(SEL.ETHIO.135.85)//PLATA-13, y su historial de selección CDSS02B00720S-0Y-0M-8Y-1M- 04Y-0B. Movas C2009 cuenta con el registro provisional 2415-TRI-097-190410/C del Catálogo Nacional de VariedadesVegetalesdelServicioNacionaldeInspección y Certificación de Semillas. Ésta variedad es de hábito de crecimiento primaveral y resistente a roya del tallo (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) con rendimiento de grano promedio de 6.35, 5.9 y 7.6 t ha-1 con dos, tres y cuatro riegos de auxilio, respectivamente, en cuatro fechas de siembra, siendo superior al testigo Júpare C2001. En parcelas con agricultores cooperantes, Movas C2009 superó en 0.5 t ha-1 en rendimiento de grano al testigo en promedio de seis validaciones, por lo que representa una nueva opción de trigo cristalino para los agricultores del noroeste del país.
FLOR DE MAYO DOLORES: NUEVA VARIEDAD DE FRIJOL PARA RIEGO Y TEMPORAL EN GUANAJUATO
Authors: Acosta Gallegos Jorge Alberto , Sánchez-García Bertha M. , Jiménez-Hernández Yanet , Montero-Tavera Víctor , Mendoza Hernández Francisco Manuel , Herrera Hernández Guadalupe , Silva Rosales Laura
Published: September 2018

El frijol de tipo Flor de Mayo es de alta demanda en la región del Altiplano Centro-Occidental de México. Se describe la nueva variedad de frijol Flor de Mayo Dolores (FMD); ésta se derivó de la cruza simple entre Flor de Mayo Anita (FMA) y FM 99016. En promedio de 14 ensayos conducidos de 2008 a 2010 bajo condiciones de riego y temporal en Guanajuato, el rendimiento de FMD y FMA resultó similar (2 167 vs 2 118 kg ha-1). El peso de 100 semillas promedio de diferentes localidades de FMD es ligeramente superior al de FMA en ambas condiciones, riego y temporal, y su forma de semilla es ovalada; mientras que el de FMA es alargado-aplanada. El tiempo promedio de cocción de FMD en cocedor tipo Mattson es de 95 min; mientras que FMA es de 110 min; el contenido promedio de proteína del grano de ambas variedades es 20%, con base a peso seco; mientras que el contenido
Karl August Wittfogel. Oriental Despotism: A Comparative Study of
Total Power. New Haven, USA: Yale University Press. 1957 (Reprinted
1981). 550 pages. USD 119 (Paperback).
Authors: Bano Shehar
Published: September 2018

Karl A. Wittfogel, famously known for his hydraulic thesis,
was a German historian and sinologist. In his book, Oriental Despotism:
A Comparative Study of Total Power, he has given a comprehensible
account of social, political, and economic history of Asian societies.
The book offers a study of the development of totalitarian rule in
hydraulic societies. He refers to the Asian societies as hydraulic
societies, as they control the population by maintaining control over
supply of water and irrigation system. The book focuses on different
factors that invited totalitarian rule in these societies. Influenced by
the classical economists, Wittfogel argues that large irrigation systems
tend to win large lands and an expansion and acquirement of large areas
is the development of managerial form of administration.
Effect of Insecurity on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Nkwatoh Louis Sevitenyi , Nathaniel Hiikyaa A.
Published: September 2018

Many studies in conformity with theoretical underpinnings have shown that insecurity exerts a negative effect on economic growth. This study investigated the effect of insecurity on economic growth in Nigeria. The vector autoregressive model was employed using quarterly data from 2009Q1 to 2016Q4. The major findings show that economic growth and investment activities tend to increase during periods of insecurity. Also the rate of unemployment reduced during periods of insecurity. This implies that insecurity only threatens economic activities with no negative effect on the entire economy as conjectured by various economic theories. Thus, to continuously sustain the Nigeria’s economic growth rate, the government needs to protect domestic and foreign investments by stepping up its national security.
The effect of processing factors on detection of genetically modified soy in flour by ELISA assay
Authors: ÖZGEN ARUN Özge , YILMAZ EKER Funda , MURATOĞLU Karlo
Published: September 2018

Genetic modification (GM) techniques have been an important research area of food and feed industry since the 19th century. There is a strong consumer concern over genetically modiﬁed organisms (GMOs) because of their potential risks on health and environment. For this purpose, various countries including Turkey have released labelling regulations for products derived from GMOs. These legal enforcements brought the necessity for reliable detection methods. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of processing on the detection possibility of GMOs by using a commercial Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent (ELISA) assay. For this, flour mixtures containing 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 100% were prepared by mixing the appropriate amount of RUR-GM and non GM standard soy flour and main processing techniques most used in the food industry (baking, autoclaving and freezing) were applied. According to our results, the detection of GMOs was possible at all concentrations of autoclaved and frozen samples. In dry heated samples, GMOs could not be detected containing below 5% GMOs. ELISA method cannot be recommended as a reference method for evaluation of the compliance with the regulations, but it can serve as a practical alternative to be used as an online monitoring tool in production lines for raw and mildly processed foods.
The Representation Of Javanese Women In Damar Kurung Painting â€“ Gresik
Authors: Christianna Aniendya
Published: September 2018

Damar Kurung is one of the typical cultural products of Gresik that has recorded Gresikâ€™s civilization. Damar Kurung is a bamboo-framed paper lantern that has existed since Hindu-Buddhist times. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The purpose of this research is to understand the meaning of the symbol in Damar Kurungâ€™s decorative that are painted by Masmundari. At the same time to identify the gender roles of Javanese women. The results of this study are (1) Javanese women do not reject face makeup, because using makeup is a manifestation of womenâ€™s respect and acceptance in dealing with social norms; (2) Javanese women formulate their identity through a procession of traditional ceremonial preparations that are mostly carried out â€˜behindâ€™ (in the kitchen).Damar Kurung merupakan salah satu produk budaya khas Gresik yang telah merekam peradaban masyarakat Gresik. Damar Kurung adalah lampion kertas berangka bambu ini sudah ada sejak zaman Hindu-Budha. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memahami makna simbol di damar kurung yang dilukis oleh Masmundari. Sekaligus untuk mengidentifikasi peran gender perempuan Jawa. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah (1) perempuan Jawa tidak menolak riasan wajah, karena menggunakan riasan adalah perwujudan penghormatan dan penerimaan perempuan dalam menghadapi norma sosial;(2) perempuan Jawa merumuskan identitasnya melalui prosesi persiapan upacara adat yang banyak dilakukan â€˜dibelakangâ€™ (di dapur).
Women Aesthetics in Pundi Bank Advertisement from Cultural Studies Perspective
Authors: Udayana Anak Agung Gde Bagus
Published: September 2018

Women aesthetics that are visualized in the billboard advertisement of Pundi Bank is a strategic activity to persuade consumer or society.Â This is intended to see the picture of female aesthetics and its significance in contemporary society throughÂ the billboardÂ advertisement of Pundi Bank by identifying the signs contained. The method that is used in this study is semiotics.Â Semiotics is essentially a qualitative interpretativeÂ (interpretation) method that focuses on sign and text as a study object as well as on how researchers interpret and understand the codeÂ (decoding)Â of the sign and the text.Â This study gives the aesthetic female image presented in the ad message it appears to be of the election of the visual communication element, Itâ€™s like photographic illustration, text, and color. The elements are arranged in such a harmony with the use of asymmetrical balance, making it look more attractive with a protrusion on the photographic illustration.Â The meaning that is delivered by Pundi Bank from this advertisement is a reflection of womenâ€™s lifestyle reality in contemporary society.Â Furthermore, this advertisement is formed by many icons in which it can be interpreted as a symbol of contemporary woman. Besides that, Pundi Bank advertisement also has a construction of social reality which can be seen as denotative and connotative meaning.Estetika perempuan yang divisuliasasikan dalam iklan billboard bank Pundi merupakan kegiatan yang strategis untuk mampu mempersuasif masyarakat konsumen. Tujuannya agar gambaran tentang estetika perempuan dan makna perempuan dalam masyarakat kontemporer yang ditampilkan oleh bank Pundi melalui iklan billboardnya dengan cara mengidenfikasi tanda-tanda yang terdapat dalam iklan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode semiotika. Metode semiotika pada dasarnya bersifat kualitatif interpretatif (interpretation), yaitu sebuah metode yang memfokuskan pada tanda dan teks sebagai objek kajiannya, serta bagaimana peneliti menafsirkan dan memahami kode (decoding) dibalik tanda dan teks tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan gambaran estetika perempuan dihadirkan dalam pesan iklan itu tampak dari pemilihan unsur-unsur komunikasi visualnya, seperti ilustrasi fotografi, teks, dan warnanya. Unsur-unsur tersebut ditata sedemikian rupa secara harmonis dengan menggunakan keseimbangan asimetris, menjadikannya nampak lebih menarik dengan penonjolan pada ilustrasi fotografinya. Makna yang diciptkan iklan bank Pundi merupakan cerminan realita gaya hidup perempuan pada masyarakat kontemporer. Iklan bank Pundi juga banyak terbentuk oleh ikon-ikon yang dapat dimaknai sebagai simbul perempuan kekinian. Iklan bank Pundi juga memiliki konstruksi realitas sosial yang dapat dimaknai sebagai makna Denotatif dan Konotatif.
Temporal-order Iconicity Bias in Narrative Event Understanding and Memory
Authors: Xu Xinming , Kwok Sze Chai
Published: September 2018

Incongruence between the narrated (encoded) order and the actual chronological order of events is ubiquitous in various kinds of narratives and information modalities. The iconicity assumption in text comprehension proposes that readers will by default assume the chronological order to match the narrated order. However, it is not clear whether this iconicity assumption would directly bias the inferred chronology of events and the memory of the narrated order. In the current study, using non-linearly narrated video narratives as encoding materials, we dissociated the narrated order and the underlying chronological order of events. In Experiment 1, we found that participants’ judgments of the chronological order of events were biased by the narrated order, but not vice versa. In Experiment 2, when the chronological positions of events were provided during encoding, participants’ judgments of the chronological order were not biased by the narrated order, rather, their memory of the narrated order of events was biased by the chronological order. Interpreting the bias under a descriptive Bayesian framework, we offer a new perspective on the role of the iconicity assumption as prior belief, apart from prior knowledge about event sequences, in event understanding as well as memory.
Approach, Avoidance, and the Perception of Credibility
Authors: Ask Karl , Calderon Sofia , Mac Giolla Erik , Reinhard Marc-André
Published: September 2018

Based on a functional approach to credibility judgments, the authors hypothesize that receivers’ judgments of senders’ credibility involve an evaluative dimension (i.e., good–bad) and are associated with approach and avoidance tendencies. In three experiments (total N = 645), participants (receivers) judged the credibility of suspects (senders) denying involvement in a mock theft. While watching or reading the message, receivers performed an approach-related (arm flexion) or an avoidance-related (arm extension) motor action. Although receivers’ affective evaluations of senders (good–bad) correlated strongly with credibility judgments in all three experiments, the results of the arm position manipulation were mixed. In Experiment 1, receivers in an arm flexion (vs. arm extension) state judged the sender as more credible, but only when informed beforehand about the upcoming credibility judgment. In Experiment 2 and 3, however, there was no evidence of an arm position effect on credibility judgments. A cross-experimental meta-analysis indicated a small and non-significant effect of the manipulation, Hedges’ g = 0.07, 95% CI [−0.09, 0.22]. Multiple interpretations of the results are discussed.
Decoding the Neural Representation of Self and Person Knowledge with Multivariate Pattern Analysis and Data Driven Approaches
Authors: Wagner Dylan D. , Chavez Robert , Broom Timothy W.
Published: September 2018

Multivariate pattern analysis and data driven approaches to understanding how the human brain encodes sensory information and higher level conceptual knowledge have become increasingly dominant in visual and cognitive neuroscience, however it is only in recent years that these methods have been applied to the domain of social information processing. This review examines recent research in the field of social cognitive neuroscience focusing on how multivariate pattern analysis (e.g., pattern classification, representational similarity analysis) and data-driven methods (e.g, reverse correlation, intersubject correlation) have been used to decode and characterize high-level information about the self, other persons and social groups. We begin with a review of what is known about how self-referential processing and person perception are represented in the medial prefrontal cortex based on conventional activation-based neuroimaging approaches. This is followed by a non-technical overview of current multivariate pattern-based and data-driven neuroimaging methods designed to characterize and/or decode neural representations. The remainder of the review focuses on examining how these methods have been applied to the topic of self, person perception and the perception of social groups. Throughout, we highlight recent trends (e.g., analysis of social networks, decoding race and social groups, the use of naturalistic stimuli) and discuss several theoretical challenges that arise from the application of these new methods to the question of how the brain represents knowledge about the self and others.
Plattformbasiertes Geschäfts-modell für rekonfigurierbare Produktionsanlagen im Leichtbau
Authors: Moll Patrick , Jacob Alexander , Schäfer Markus , Coutandin Sven , Fleischer Jürgen , Lanza Gisela
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Die Fertigung von Leichtbauprodukten in kleinen Stückzahlen stellt Anlagenbetreiber vor Herausforderungen. Um diesen zu begegnen, wird eine modular rekonfigurierbare Produktionsanlage vorgestellt. Ein durchgehender Engineering-Ansatz mit einheitlichen Modulbeschreibungen, einem nutzerfreundlichen Konfigurationstool und automatisierter Generierung des Steuerungscodes erlaubt eine Senkung des Inbetriebnahme- und Rekonfigurationsaufwands. Ein darauf fokussiertes plattformbasiertes Geschäftsmodell für Anlagenhersteller wird in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt.
Dezentrale Montagesteuerung in der Gruppenmontage
Authors: Sievers Torsten , Tracht Kirsten
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Im Sondermaschinenbau sind viele Montagen als Gruppenmontage organisiert. Durch die steigende Komplexität der Produkte bei gleichzeitiger Produktindividualisierung sind die Verantwortlichen in der Montage zunehmend nur mit der Steuerung beschäftigt. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz zur dezentralen Montagesteuerung auf die Gruppenmontage übertragen, welcher die Verantwortlichen in der Montage entlastet. Ein durchgeführter Versuch unterstützt die Annahme, dass der dezentrale Steuerungsansatz auch in einer Gruppenmontage erfolgreich angewendet werden kann.
Datenbedarfe für eine energie-flexible Produktionsplanung und -steuerung
Authors: Schuh Günther , Schmitt Robert , Prote Jan-Philipp , Ellerich Max , Thomas Katharina , Chhor Jimmy , Sauermann Frederick , Funk Franziska K.
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Im Zuge der angestrebten Energiewende bis 2050 wird der Anteil an erneuerbaren Energien am deutschen Energiemarkt deutlich ausgebaut, wodurch Energieverfügbarkeiten stärker schwanken werden. Um die volatilen Energieverfügbarkeiten mit den Energiebedarfen der produzierenden Industrie zu synchronisieren, werden in diesem Beitrag die Leistungsprognose und die Datenbedarfe für eine energieflexible Produktionsplanung und -steuerung (PPS) und damit einhergehend die Reduzierung der Energiekosten diskutiert.
Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration in der Produktion
Authors: Oubari Assem , Pischke Dennis , Jenny Mathias , Meißner Antonia , Trübswetter Angelika
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Die Kollaboration von Mensch und Roboter wird oft als Lösung gegenwärtiger Herausforderungen produzierender Unternehmen präsentiert, doch ist der realisierte Anteil solcher Systeme bis dato gering. Die im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts SafeMate durchgeführte Studie liefert neue Erkenntnisse über die Motive von Führungskräften in produzierenden Unternehmen für den Einsatz kollaborativer Robotersysteme. Diese schreiben der Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration (MRK) in großer Mehrheit ein hohes Potenzial zu, auch wenn sie sich in ihrer Motivationslage unterscheiden. Viele Führungskräfte erwarten von MRK-Anwendungen Vorteile. Deren Umsetzung erweist sich jedoch oftmals als schwierig. Dies liegt nicht zuletzt an der Akzeptanz der Mitarbeitenden, die zwar theoretisch als wichtig erachtet, praktisch hingegen im Implementierungsprozess selten ausreichend adressiert wird.
Untersuchungen des Schädigungsgrades von Polyethylenformstoffen als Werkstoffe von Heizöllagerbehältern nach einer Nutzungsdauer von über 30 Jahren
Authors: Weltschev Margit , Hoffmann Gabi
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Heizöllagerbehälter aus Polyethylenformstoffen werden seit Beginn der 70-iger Jahre in Deutschland hergestellt. Die Hersteller empfehlen zur Gewährleistung der Sicherheit nach Ablauf von 30 Jahren den Ersatz dieser Behälter. Polyethylenformstoffe unterliegen im Laufe ihrer Nutzungsdauer der Alterung durch die Veränderung ihrer Eigenschaften. Das Ausmaß der Alterung und die Art des Abbauvorganges hängen im Wesentlichen vom chemischen Abbau des Polyethylens, der Wanddicke des Behälters und den Umgebungsbedingungen ab. Bisher lagen keine Untersuchungen zum Langzeitverhalten der Polyethylenformstoffe vor, insbesondere nach einer Nutzungsdauer der Tanks über 30 Jahre. Ziel der Untersuchungen war, den tatsächlichen Schädigungsgrad der Polyethylenformstoffe im Vergleich zu den unbelasteten Formstoffen zu ermitteln. Da die BAM bis Mitte der 90-iger Jahre für die Prüfungen und Gutachten zur Zulassung dieser Behälter zuständig war, sind die Werkstoffdaten noch vorhanden. Als Untersuchungsmethoden wurden die Bestimmung der Schmelze-Masse-Fließrate (MFR) und die Fourier-Transformation-IR-Spektroskopie (FTIR) von Tankausschnitten aus dem Bereich des Bodens, des Mantels und des Daches von 10 ausgesonderten Behältern aus den Polyethylenformstoffen A und B herangezogen. Die Messungen der MFR der Tankausschnitte aus diesen Bereichen zeigten Unterschiede in den Werten in Abhängigkeit vom Gewicht (5 kg oder 21,6 kg), welches eingesetzt wurde. Eine Abnahme der MFR-Werte wurde für die größere Anzahl der Tankwandungsausschnitte aus dem Formstoff B nach einer Lebensdauer der Tanks > 30 Jahre gemessen. Dieser Formstoff wurde hauptsächlich durch innere Alterung infolge Vernetzungen, Verzweigungen und Weichmacherverlust, und weniger durch oxidativen Abbau, geschädigt. Die FTIR-Messungen der Proben aus dem Bereich des Bodens und des Mantels der Tanks zeigten, dass die Intensität der asymmetrischen/symmetrischen CH2-Streckschwingungen im Bereich 2800–2900 cm−1 und der CH2 -Biegeverformungsschwingung bei 1400 cm−1 aufgrund von Kettenspaltungen zugenommen haben. Die Intensität der Carbonylstreckschwingung C=O bei 1740 cm−1 ist niedrig. Sie ist ein Maß für die Oxidation des Polymerwerkstoffes.
Fatigue life curve – A continuous Wöhler curve from LCF to VHCF
Authors: Wagener Rainer , Melz Tobias
Published: September 2018

In order to consider cyclic material behavior in the course of the design process of cyclically loaded components and safety relevant parts, the importance of local strain-based fatigue design approaches has been growing continually. For the damage impact of load-time histories on components such as chassis parts, standard service loads with amplitudes settled in the high cycle fatigue and very high cycle fatigue regimes as well as overloads and misuse with load amplitudes from the low cycle fatigue regime, have to be considered, in order to perform a reliable fatigue life estimation. Therefore, a continuous fatigue life curve from the LCF to the VHCF regime, which covers all relevant damage mechanisms, is required. Hence, a fatigue life curve from low cycle fatigue (LCF) across to high cycle fatigue (HCF), and culminating at very high cycle fatigue (VHCF), derived from a combined method using strain- and load-controlled fatigue tests, will be discussed. This continuous fatigue life curve for aluminum wrought alloys, based on the evolution of the behavior of elastic-plastic material as well as the results of high frequency testing up to VHCF, will be presented.
On the estimation of cyclic material properties – Part 2: Introduction of a new estimation method
Authors: Wächter Michael , Esderts Alfons
Published: September 2018

In the first part of this paper, a large variety of methods for estimating cyclic material properties from quasi-static material properties were rated concerning their accuracy. For this, a massive database containing test results from quasi-static and cyclic tests has been gathered and used to compare estimated and experimental properties. In this second part of the paper, the experience of how different estimation methods work and the database itself are used to develop a new estimation method, the so-called FKM method. This new method is able to estimate cyclic material properties for steel, cast steel and wrought aluminum and thus exceeds the known estimation methods if the quality criteria from part 1 are applied.
Execution and evaluation of cyclic tests at constant load amplitudes – DIN 50100:2016
Authors: Masendorf Rainer , Müller Christian
Published: September 2018

Tests with constant load amplitudes are used to characterize the fatigue strength behavior of material specimens and components. The S-N curve derived from these test results describes the relationship between the load amplitude and the corresponding cycles to failure. Different concepts for carrying out and evaluating fatigue tests make it difficult to compare the results from different research institutes. The aim of the new version of the German standard DIN 50100:2016 is to define a procedure for determining an S-N curve for metallic alloys that does not allow any scope for interpretation. It is assumed that the test results are subject to logarithmic normal distributions in both load and cycle direction. It is further assumed that the S-N curve in the high-cycle fatigue regime and the long-life fatigue regime can be approximated by a bilinear function. For the determination of the straight line of finite life, the pearl string method and the load level method are available for determining the position parameter and the slope of the power function according to Basquin. Long-life fatigue strength is determined using the staircase method and forms the knee point of the S-N curve on average with the straight line of finite life. For the long-life fatigue regime, a horizontal course or a decrease with low inclination, depending on the material group examined, is assumed. In addition, DIN 50100:2016 contains information on the accuracy of the estimation of the mean values and the scatter of the characteristic values according to the sample size. The goal of achieving comparability of S-N curves is supported by extensive examples. An English translation of DIN 50100:2016 is available also.
Investigation of the Precipitation Behavior of H-Carbides in a TiAl Alloy containing Carbon by means of in- and ex-situ Characterization
Authors: Burtscher M. , Kirchheimer K. , Weißensteiner I. , Bernhard C. , Lederhaas B. , Klein T. , Mayer S. , Clemens H.
Published: September 2018

In an intermetallic γ-TiAl alloy possessing the nominal composition of Ti-43Al-4Nb-1.5Mo-0.5C-0.1B (in at. %), the precipitation behavior of the hexagonal Ti2AlC phase was studied using complementary metallographic methods. By the addition of C, the alloy can be solid solution strengthened and precipitation hardened.

However, during an annealing process, coarse H carbides are formed in the β single-phase field which is practically insoluble for carbon. These coarse carbides are under the scope of this investigation. After determining the area of existence of the phase fields by means of differential scanning calorimetry, the occurrence and the morphology of the H-carbides were analyzed by applying specific heat treatments in the area of the α + β → β phase transformation. By the use of a laser scanning confocal microscope, the formation of the carbides was tracked in-situ as well as their growth kinetics determined. The mutual orientations of the microstructural constituents were determined in an scanning electron microscope by means of electron backscatter diffraction. Therefore, the specimen was not subjected to an additional surface treatment. Thus, the orientation relationship between the α2-Ti3Al phase and the H carbides could be verified and their formation within a C containing intermetallic TiAl-alloy could be illuminated.
STUDY OF INDUSTRY COMPETITION IN VARIOUS STAGES OF THE INDUSTRY LIFE-CYCLE
Authors: Sengupta Nabanita
Published: September 2018

Industry life-cycle is a concept which proposes that almost all industries progress through a predictable life-cycle, wherein, newly formed industries are fragmented, and consolidate as they progress and then mature with time and ultimately decline. The degree of competition being faced by a firm in an industry changes as an industry progresses through its life-cycle and the appropriate use of specific business strategies depends largely on the phase of the life-cycle of the industry in which the firm operates. The purpose of this paper is to understand the different stages of the industry life-cycle and study the changing nature of competition that prevails in each stage, analysing how the same impacts the survival strategies adopted by firms. The author familiarizes the readers with the concept of the industry life-cycle and the various forces which influence industry competition. Thereafter, the author carries out a detailed study of sample industries in the Indian economy which are in various stages of their life-cycle and analyses the competition prevailing among the industry players in each stage. The paper presents, through examples, the impact that the changing nature of industry competition has on the survival strategies adopted by firms in each stage of the industry life cycle. The paper concludes with the notion that business strategies of firms vary depending upon the corresponding stage of the industry life cycle, wherein, each phase requires a different approach to industry competition to ensure the existence and growth of the firm
Macroeconomic factors and stock returns: Evidence from the emerging market of Asia
Authors: Saleem Malik Muhammad Asad , Touqeer Saher , Zeb Shumaila
Published: September 2018

This study examines the impact of macroeconomic variables on stock returns of Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka for the period of 1997-2014. GMM approach is used to analyze the impact of macroeconomic variables on stock returns. Variables of the study were T-Bills, Exchange Rate, Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Industrial Production Index (IPI). The results of study show that T-bills rate has significant negative impact while Exchange rate has a significant positive impact on the Stock Returns of the study period.
Factors influencing fairy productivity when milking barns
Authors: Chechenikhina О. S. , Likhodeevskaia О. Е.
Published: September 2018

The paper highlights longevity  of industrial use of cows. The authors analyze criteria of dairy productivity during the first lactation, maximum lactation and lifetime of cows in relation to their linear belonging, heifers fertility in the highest lactation and the of the first successful insemination. The longer period of industrial use was observed in Montvik Chiftein cows (2.90 lactations), in offsprings of low-fertile cows (2.97 lactations) and in cows that were first successfully inseminated aged 15-18 months (2.95 lactations) . The indicators of lifetime milk productivity in Montvik Chiftein cows are higher in comparison with Vis Ideal cows and Reflection Sovereign cows: milk yield on 2322.1 (9.4%) and 1084.0 kg (4.4%) (P <0, 05) respectively, fat mass - on 0.02% (P <0.05), protein concentration - on 0.02 and 0.03% (P <0.01). The milk fat and protein obtained from Montvik Chiftein cows is higher  in comparison with the 1st and 3rd groups; fat - on 96.4 (9.7%) and 43.8 kg (4, 4%) (P <0.05), protein - on 76.6 (9.8%) and 37.5 kg (4.8%) (P <0.05). High milk yield produced by heifers (more than 10,000 kg of milk for the highest lactation) allowed the offsprings to take the leading positions in terms of milk productivity in the period of the first and maximum lactations. From offsprings of low fertile cows (less than 7000 kg of milk for the highest lactation), the researchers received more milk than from the cows of the 2nd and 3rd groups due to linger lifetime (219.9 (0, 9%) and 544.2 kg (2.3%)). The heifers, which were first successfully inseminated at the age of 12-14 months, differed from the cows inseminated at a later stage by higher milk yield    for 305 days of the first lactation – on 562.7 kg (6.5%) (P <0.001), milk fat and protein in milk - on 19.3 (5.6%) and 17.3 kg (6.4%) (P <0.001), respectively. The heifers  inseminated in younger age have reached their maximum productivity at, the age of 1.6 lactation. The cows, successfully inseminated for the first time at the age of 1518 months, had high parameters of lifelong milk productivity (P <0.001). According to the milk yield, this variation was 2,294.5 kg (9.5%), the fat mass of  milk - 0.04%, 99.3 kg (10.2%), milk protein - 69, 2 kg (9.1%).
On Multiple Access of a Large Number of Machine-Type Devices in Cellular Networks
Authors: Galinina O. S. , Andreev S. D. , Tyurlikov A. M.
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Machine-to-machine communication assumes data transmission from various wireless devices and attracts attention of cellular operators. In this regard, it is crucial to recognize and control overload situations when a large number of such devices access the network over a short time interval.

Purpose:Analysis of the radio network overload at the initial network entry stage in a machine-to-machine communication system.

Results: A system is considered that features multiple smart meters, which may report alarms and autonomously collect energy consumption information. An analytical approach is proposed to study the operation of a large number of devices in such a system as well as model the settings of the random-access protocol in a cellular network and overload control mechanisms with respect to the access success probability, network access latency, and device power consumption. A comparison between the obtained analytical results and simulation data is also offered.
Research and Analysis of Autocorrelation Functions of Code Sequences Formed on the Basis of Monocyclic Quasi-Orthogonal Matrices
Authors: Nenashev V. A. , Sergeev A. M. , Kapranova E. A.
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Barker codes representing binary sequences (codes) of finite lengths 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 11 and 13 are widely used in solving the problem of increasing the noise immunity of radar channels. However, the code sequences for n > 13 are unknown. Sequences derived from quasi-orthogonal Mersenne matrices also have not been used for these purposes.

Purpose: Studying the ways to compress a complex modulated signal by Mersenne sequences obtained from the first rows of a monocyclic quasi-orthogonal Mersenne matrix, as an alternative to Barker codes.

Results:It has been found out that the characteristics of autocorrelation functions for Mersenne codes 3, 7 and 11 exceed those for Barker codes. This is a basis for ensuring greater noise immunity of probing signals in radar channels, as well as for increasing the probability of their correct detection, proving the expediency of their application for amplitude and phase modulation of radio signals.

Practical relevance:The obtained results allow you to increase the compression characteristics in radar systems when solving the problem of detecting targets under noise and interference. The wide application of Barker codes of length 3, 7 and 11 in digital data transmission systems provides a special interest in similar Mersenne codes when implementing noise-resistant data transmission in radio channels in a complex electromagnetic environment. Discussion: An unresolved problem is the non-symmetry of elements in a coding Mersenne sequence. This problem can be solved either by special synthesis of a phase-modulated signal or by finding new approaches to their compression.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TAKE AND GIVE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII.2 SMP NEGERI 21 PEKANBARU
Authors: Raini Raini
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya motivasi belajar matematika siswa Kelas VIII.2 SMP Negeri 21 Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Take and Give siswa Kelas VIII.2 SMP Negeri 21 Pekanbaru, yang dilaksanakan selama 1 bulan. Sebagai Subjek dalam Penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas VIII.2 SMP Negeri 21 Pekanbaru. Jumlah siswa yang dijadikan subjek penelitian sebanyak 40 orang siswa. Bentuk penelitian adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Instrumen penelitian ini terdiri dari instrumen motivasi belajar dan instrumen pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan aktivitas siswa.

Berdasarkan deskripsi dan analisis data yang peneliti sajikan maka dapat Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan seperti disampaikan pada bab IV dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan penerapan metode cooperative learning tipe Take and Give dapat meningkatkan Motivasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII.2 SMP Negeri 21 Pekanbaru. Keberhasilan ini disebabkan dengan penerapan metode Cooperative learning Tipe Take and Give menimbulkan interaksi yang bersifat terbuka dan langsung di antara sesama siswa, memberikan kepada para siswa waktu untuk berfikir dan merespons serta saling bantu satu sama lain sehingga siswa lebih banyak memiliki kesempatan untuk mengekspresikan pengalaman emosi yang menyenangkan. Dengan kondisi tersebut maka tingkat penerimaan siswa akan meningkat dan pada gilirannya dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajarnya. Pada siklus pertama menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar siswa masih tergolong tinggi dengan skor 124, dengan rata-rata persentase 6 indikator motivasi belajar sebesar 51.7%. Sedangkan pada siklus II mencapai skor 187  (dalam kriteria tinggi), dengan rata-rata motivasi belajar siswa untuk indikator motivasi belajar (6 indikator) sebesar 77.9%.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКО-ТЮРКСЬКИХ ЗВ’ЯЗКІВ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ ДИПЛОМАТІЇ
Authors: Васьків Микола Степанович
Published: September 2018

У статті йдеться про потребу інформаційної, зокрема культурної, взаємодії України з іншими державами для ефективного досягнення поставлених політичних, економічних, безпекових тощо цілей. Наголошується на тому, що така діяльність є важливою не лише щодо традиційних провідних гравців на «глобальній шахівниці», але і для регіонів і країн, зв’язки з якими отримують нову актуальність і нове наповнення, зокрема це стосується тюркських держав і народів. Тюрки, їх уряди дуже шанобливо ставляться до власних культурних надбань, до їх популяризації у світі, тому співпраця з ними через культурну взаємодію є дуже ефективною. Протягом ХХ ст. українські науковці досягли значних успіхів у розвитку і популяризації українсько-тюркських стосунків, зараз актуалізується потреба повернення їх здобутків до активного використання і розгортання системної діяльності у взаємному культурному збагаченні й культурному зацікавленні.
КОНЦЕПЦІЯ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ В ІСТОРИЧНІЙ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВІ
Authors: Довганик Надія Михайлівна , Чалюк Юлія Олексіївна
Published: September 2018

У статті в історичній ретроспективі досліджено теоретичні й прикладні аспекти концепції глобальної освіти. На основі аналітичного й емпіричного матеріалу обґрунтовано необхідність в умовах глобальної економіки та міжнародної комунікації транснаціонального навчання і перетворення провідних університетів світу на міжнародні науково-освітні комплекси. Здійснено ідентифікацію нових освітніх стратегій ООН, ЮНЕСКО, а також інноваційних форм і методів інтеграції країн ЄС у міжнародний освітній простір, зокрема акредитованих і валідованих програм, франчайзингових програм, програм подвійних і спільних дипломів із застосуванням електронного навчання та дистанційних технологій. Застосування методів структурно-системного аналізу дало можливість визначити основні канали міжнародного обміну освітніми послугами, серед яких важливо виділити транскордонне постачання, споживання за кордоном, комерційну присутність і надання послуги фізичною особою. Проаналізовано основні механізми, ефективність та якість надання міжнародних освітніх послуг.
ПРАВИЙ ІДЕОЛОГІЧНИЙ РУХ ЄВРОПИ ТА ПОЛІТИЧНІ УРОКИ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Печеранський Ігор Петрович
Published: September 2018

Метою статті є аналіз передумов і особливостей зміни політичного тренду в Європі у напрямку посилення правих ідеологічних артикуляцій і, відповідно до цього, окреслення перспектив впровадження консервативної ідеології України на рівні стратегії державного управління в межах означеної тенденції. Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на нормативно-ціннісному та інституційному підходах, які застосовуються як методологічні інструменти для  пізнання політико-ідеологічного ландшафту в сучасній Європі, серед ключових аспектів якого представлений суттєвий ухил в бік правих (поміркованих і крайніх) ідей. До них додається ще компаративний підхід, котрий дозволяє порівняти ідеологічні позиції крайніх і поміркованих правих, а також провести паралелі між ситуацією в Європі та Україні. Застосування методу моделювання у даному випадку дає змогу виділити основні перспективи впровадження правої ідеї і консервативної ідеології в суспільно-політичному житті України на сучасному етапі. Серед основних результатів і висновків, що їх отримано у даній статті, варто вказати на обґрунтування правоцентристського консервативного ідеологічного вектора розбудови української державності, враховуючи теперішню популярність правих в Європі, а також ті загрози, котрі несе російська агресія та олігархічно-корупційна система управління нашою країною. Вироблені основні політичні уроки на підставі європейського досвіду для України: відродження інтересу до консерватизму як ідеології, доктрини та стратегії державного управління; підкріплення консервативного курсу інституційними та конституційними механізмами; віднайдення «третього шляху» між Сціллою євроінтеграції та Харибдою «Русского мира».