bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peynir turizmi temelli kültür rotaları oluşturulmasına yönelik bir araştırma: Van otlu peynir örneği
Authors: CİHANGİR Emine , DEMİRHAN Özlem
Published: December 2020

Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yer alan Van İli, farklı deneyimler yaşamak isteyen turistler için eşsiz doğası, zengin tarihi ve kültürel varlıkları ile alternatif turizm potansiyeline sahip bir kenttir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Van otlu peynirinin hikayesinin turistik bir ürün olarak pazarlanabilmesi için peynir üretiminin deneyimlenebileceği ve peynir tadımının yapılabileceği peynir çiftliklerinin kurulması ve önerilen peynir çiftliklerine planlanacak tematik kültür rotalarında yer verilebilmesi için turizm sektörü paydaşlarında farkındalık yaratmaktır. Araştırma kapsamında, Van kırsalında üretilen Van otlu peynir üretim sürecinin araştırılması ve üretim süreci arkasında yer alan hikâyenin ortaya konabilmesi için Van’ın dört farklı ilçesinde ön saha çalışması yapılmıştır. Çalışmada peynir yapım sürecini gözlemlemek ve yerel üreticilerin (köylülerin) yaşam koşullarına yönelik bilgi sahibi olmak amacıyla katılımcı olmayan gözlem tekniği kullanılmıştır. Ön saha çalışması sırasında yerel üreticilere sorular yöneltilerek peynir yapım sürecine yönelik ayrıntılı veriler toplanması sağlanmıştır. Araştırmanın ana amacına yönelik boyutunda ise, Van TÜRSAB Bölgesi üyesi olan gönüllü tur acente işletmecileri ve ŞURA üyesi tur rehberleri ile yüz yüze görüşmeler yürütülerek Van otlu peyniri üretim sürecinin deneyimlenmesine yönelik oluşturulabilecek rotaların belirlenmesi sağlanmıştır. Görüşmelerde 5 üye acente ve 3 tur rehberinin görüşleri alınmıştır. Bu görüşler ve araştırmacıların Van ilinde yapmış oldukları saha çalışmaları sonucunda elde etmiş oldukları veriler sentezlenerek Google haritalar aracılığıyla potansiyel peynir turizm rotaları oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sürecinde Van otlu peynirinin turistik bir ürün olarak pazarlanması noktasında henüz kolektif bir bilincin oluşmadığı ve çözülmesi gereken sorunlar olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte hem yüz yüze görüşmelerde alınan uzman görüşleri hem de saha çalışmalarında yerel üreticilerin bu noktada oldukça istekli oldukları gözlenmiştir. Yakın gelecekte turizm paydaşları ve özellikle yatırımcıların iyi uygulama örneklerindegörüldüğü üzere Van otlu peynirinin hikâyesini turistik ürün olarak pazarlamaları beklenmektedir.
Türkiye Şeftali Piyasasının Ekonomik Analizi ve Pazarlama Marjları
Authors: VURAL Hasan , ÇAKAN Veli Anıl
Published: December 2020

Çalışmada gıda sanayisine ham madde oluşturması, insan sağlığına sunduğu katkılar, enerji kaynağı ve gübre olarak kullanılabilmesi gibi özellikleriyle her geçen gün önemi artan şeftali piyasasının analizi amaçlanmıştır. Veri seti; TÜİK ve TOB istatistiklerinden temin edilen 2003-2017 yıllarına ait; üretici fiyatı, tüketici fiyatı, üretim, tüketim, ihracat, ithalat ve girdi fiyatlarına ilişkin verilerden oluşturulmuştur. Türkiye şeftali piyasasını analiz etmek amacıyla; arz ve talep fonksiyonları ile ilgili modeller tahmin edilmiş, pazarlama marjı ve zincirleme indeks hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Regresyon tahmin sonuçları, üretim üzerinde; gübre fiyatlarının negatif yönlü, tarımsal işgücü ücretlerinin ise pozitif yönlü bir ilişki içerisinde olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Talep üzerinde pozitif yönlü etkiye sahip faktörün nüfus olduğu belirlenmiştir. Reel fiyatlara göre; ortalama pazarlama marjı 0.60 TL kg-1, üreticinin eline geçen değer %53.92 olarak hesaplanmıştır. 2008-2011 yılları arasında ortalama %60.92 olan reel üreticinin eline geçen değerin 2017 yılına gelindiğinde %48.28 oranına gerilemesi; piyasada her geçen yıl elde edilen kazançtan üreticiye daha az pay düştüğünün göstergesidir. Üreticinin eline geçen değer artarken pazarlama marjının azalması hem üretici hemde tüketicinin lehine olacağı için, üreticilerin kooperatifler gibi pazarlama marjını azaltabilecek oluşumlara teşvik edilmesi önem taşımaktadır.
Comparison and Evaluation of Cross Platform Mobile Application Development Tools
Authors: Işıtan Mehmet , Koklu Murat
Published: December 2020

In order to develop a mobile application, it is necessary to develop software separately for each operating system to be outputted. In response to this problem, frameworks that can give application outputs for more than one operating system by developing applications on only one platform have been developed. With the recent diversification of these systems, which are called cross platform mobile application development tools, which one should be preferred has become a problem for developers. In this study, the cross-platform mobile application development tools that have come to the fore in recent years will be determined and evaluated separately based on the pros and cons of distinguishing parameters. With the help of the applications to be developed, values such as processor, memory, battery and network usage, rendering time, opening time, installation file size, application size will be measured. It is also aimed to help developers find out which framework is more suitable for their needs by comparing them on topics such as popularity, third party software support, operating systems that can be outputted, development languages and ease of use, speed - performance. In the study, it was observed that Flutter and React Native gave more successful results.
Impact of various lambda values on engine performance, combustion and emissions of a SI engine fueled with methanol-gasoline blends at full engine load
Authors: SARIKOÇ Selçuk
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to investigate experimentally the effects of methanol-gasoline fuel blend on engine performance, combustion process, and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition (SI) engine under various lambda values at full engine load. Firstly, the methanol was blended with gasoline by volume fraction of 20%, which renamed as M20. The experiments were performed a constant engine speed at 2000 rpm and full load conditions. Then, the M20 fuel blend effects on the engine performance, combustion and exhaust emission characteristics were compared with pure gasoline fuel in terms of brake engine torque, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), thermal efficiency, combustion process, CO, CO2, HC and NO emissions at three different lambda values such as 0.8, 1, 1.2. It was found that the addition of methanol substantially affected the engine performance, combustion process, and exhaust emissions at various lambda values. The methanol properties such as higher oxygen content, octane number, laminar flame speed (LFS), latent heat vaporization, and lower calorific value, and also the variation of the air-fuel ratio of the test fuels substantially influenced on the test results. Furthermore, these properties considerably affected the combustion characteristics such as ignition delay (ID), and combustion duration (CD). According to obtained results, the highest engine performance was observed for gasoline at λ=1. The M20 test fuel was exhibited a better combustion process when at λ=0.8 among other lambdas compared to gasoline. However, the best emission performance was obtained at λ=1 for the M20. Thus, the M20 test fuel can be used as a fuel considering the combustion and exhaust emissions. Overall, the engine performance, combustion, and exhaust emission characteristics are considerably affected by the variety of air-fuel ratio, oxygen content, octane number, LFS, and latent heat vaporization properties.
Recurrent Serous Carcinoma of the Right Fallopian Tube Involving the Dome
of Cecum and Rectum
Authors: Yurcovskaya A Iosifovna , Stepanova Yulia Alex , Kalinin Dmitrii V , Kozlov Ilia A
Published: December 2020

Cancer of the fallopian tube is a rare and difficult condition to be treated. It is often clinically simulated by ovarian epithelial cancer or primary ovarian and peritoneal carcinomas. Most of relapses in these tumors are observed in the small pelvis. Extrapelvic relapses and metastases to other organs are rather uncommon. Surgical cytoreduction and platinum-based chemotherapy are the mainstay of treatment.The authors present a rare and noteworthy clinical case of recurrence of high-grade serous carcinoma of the right fallopian tube involving the caecum dome and rectum in a 65-year-old female patient. There was demonstrated the choice of surgical treatment tactics in this clinical case that allowed obtaining a 62-month survival result.
Use of Upper-Posterior Thoracoplasty in the Treatment of Patients
with Fibrous-Cavernous Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Belov Sergei A
Published: December 2020

Introduction. SSurgical care for patients with fibrous-cavernous and cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) most often ends with thoracoplasty due to impossibility to use resection methods of treatment.The aim of study was to assess results of application of various upper-posterior thoracoplasty options in the treatment of patients with fibrous-cavernous pulmonary TB.Materials and methods. The author analyzed results of 233 thoracoplasties performed in patients with fibro-cavernous pulmonary TB in 2012-2018. Group 1 (n = 70) consisted of patients with selective extrapleural upper-posterior thoracoplasty with polypropylene mesh; Group 2 (n = 60) consisted of patients with osteoplastic thoracoplasty according to Bjork; Group 3 (n = 103) consisted of patients with traditional selective extrapleural upper-posterior thoracoplasty. The following parameters were analyzed: elimination of the destruction cavity, stabilization of the specific process and termination of the excretion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during the year. The results were summarized in groups based on good clinical effect, satisfactory clinical effect, worsening, death.Results. Thoracoplasty treatment option with a compression device (mesh) application resulted in the increased degree of compression in the intervention area by 30%, compared with the traditional upper-posterior thoracoplasty option and osteoplasty according to Bjork (p 0.05), and reduced the number of bronchopulmonary complications by 15% (p 0.05).Conclusions. The use of a mesh prosthesis leads to an increased effective compression of the destruction cavity, creates conditions for healing of the pulmonary tissue defect and reduces the risk of developing bronchopulmonary complications
Modified Method for Correction of Pectus Excavatum in Children
Authors: Slizovskiy Grigoriy V. , Kuzhelivskiy Ivan I. , Kozyrev Anton A. , Shikunova Yana V. , Sigareva Yulia A.
Published: December 2020

Background. Chest deformities occur in 7% of the population, of them funnel deformation of the thorax constitutes more than 80%. Surgical correction appears to be the only way to change the configuration of the chest. The Nuss procedure is the "gold standard" to correct this deformity. This technique was modified in the clinic of the Department of Pediatric Surgical Diseases, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk. The necessity to compare the Nuss procedure and its modified option has arisen due to accumulated experience in surgical interventions performed.The aim of the study was to describe a modified technique of the funnel deformation of the thorax and assess its effectiveness compared to the classical Nuss procedure.Material and methods. The study included results of surgical treatment of 94 children, both sexes, aged 10 to 17 years, who had the funnel deformation of the thorax. All patients were divided into two groups: the main group (45 patients), where a modified technique of surgical correction was applied, and the comparison group (49 patients), where the classical Nuss procedure was applied for the deformity correction. For the surgical correction of the funnel deformity of the thorax, improved plates made of smooth titanium nickelide were used to fix the sternocostal complex in children of the main group. The following criteria were selected to compare the effectiveness of two surgical options of the funnel deformation correction: intraoperative parameters, Gizycka index, the scale of role functioning SF-36, VAS of pain and the number of complications. The arithmetic mean number was derived based on the above criteria - the total efficiency coefficient; clinical results were defined depending on this coefficient - good, satisfactory and unsatisfactory.Results. The number of good results in patients of the main group, where modified surgery technique was applied, was 62.3% compared to 38.8% in patients who were exposed to the Nuss procedure. The number of satisfactory results in patients of the main group was 35.5% compared to 34.7% in patients of the comparison group. It should be noted that the use of the modified technique had unsatisfactory results in 2.2% of cases (in 1 patient), while the use of the conventional Nuss procedure resulted in unsatisfactory outcomes in 26.5% of cases.Conclusions. Clinical outcomes of surgical correction performed using modified technique of the Nuss procedure are more beneficial in terms of the duration of intervention, the volume of blood loss, and the number of postoperative complications. This technique allows minimizing invasiveness of the procedure and starting early rehabilitation.
Multiple Primary Advanced Metachronous Cancer of Abdominal Organs with Multifocal Obstructive Syndrome: a Clinical Case of Successful Complex Treatment
Authors: Redkin Alexander N , Ustinova Elena Yu , Popov Sergey Sergeevich , Manukovskaya Olga V , Konoplina Juliya S , Vdovin Victor V
Published: December 2020

Impaired patency of the gastrointestinal and urinary tract, and bile ducts is one of the essential problems in oncological practice in patients with tumors of various localizations. Stenoses are one of the most severe complications of the course of tumor diseases.Obstruction is a polyetiological condition that can result from a primary tumor lesion and specific neoplastic processes of nearby organs and structures. Sometimes narrowing of the lumen of organs and ducts can occur as a result of reactive scar tissue changes along the periphery of tumors. In some cases stenosis manifests itself as a complication of certain stages of treatment (surgical, radiation).The development of stenoses of the large intestine, the pylorus, the bile and urinary tracts significantly reduces the quality of life of patients due to the increasing obstruction of the above structures. Elimination of this syndrome is the main aim of treatment, regardless of the presence of tumor or non-tumor complications that have arisen.
Nina Viktorinovna BOBROVА
The living force of traditions
Authors: Cherednikov E F , Glukhov А А , Polubkova G V , Visockaya A T
Published: December 2020

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Review of International Studies on Multiple Disabilities
Authors: DÜZKANTAR Ayten , ÖĞÜLMÜŞ Kürşat , ALTIN Damla , GÖRGÜN Bora
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to review the international studies of multiple disabilities carried out and to give a point of view to new studies through evaluating the studies via an analysis of literature between 2010 and 2020 years. With that aim, scientific studies published over the last ten years in the world about children, their families, services and practices provided for them about multiple disabilities were reviewed. The criterion for determining the international articles examined was that they were published in refereed journals. The review was carried out at electronic databases. During reviewing, the databases of ERIC, EBSCO, Topic Search and Primary Search and international scientific journals were reviewed using the key words, special education, multiple disabilities, multiple impairments, severe and multiple disabilities between the years 2010-2020. Also, online indices were reached through the journals published in the related faculties of universities. 96 articles of the studies made in the world between 2010-2020 were examined. The articles reached were examined in terms of aim, participants, methods, limitations, findings, and suggestions, and they were explained detailedly in the findings part. It is hoped that the researches examined in this study will serve as a model for future studies about multiple inabilities and increase the scientific interest.
Thematic and Methodological Trends of Computational Thinking Skills-Related Graduate Theses in Turkey
Authors: ELÇİÇEK Mithat
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is to analyse the thematic and methodological trends of computational thinking skills-related graduate theses in Turkey. Within the scope of this purpose, a total of 38 works, including 30 Master's and 8 doctoral studies, published in the National Thesis Centre database of YÖK (Council of Higher Education), were analysed using a document analysis model, one of the qualitative research methods. A descriptive content analysis technique was used to examine graduate theses. According to the results of the research, it has been concluded that the effects of programming teaching, robotics, and block-based visual programming on computational thinking skills are examined in graduate theses. It has been determined that a very limited number of design and development studies have been carried out to develop computational thinking skills. It has been observed that the majority of graduate theses were made in the field of Computer Education and Instructional Technology and most theses were published in 2019. It has been concluded that graduate theses are mostly designed by using the quantitative research method and quasi-experimental design, and secondary school sample profile is mostly preferred in the studies. However, it has been seen that the data collected by using a scale, interview, and observation data collection tools are analysed in accordance with predictive analysis techniques. As a result of the research, it has been recommended that design studies should be carried out in which qualitative or mixed research methods are used and especially pre-school sample profiles are preferred.
PEMANFAATAN METODE ITERATED FUNCTION SYSTEM (IFS) PADA PEMBANGKITAN KURVA NAGA
Authors: Suny Vian Hafid , Purnomo Kosala Dwidja , Ubaidillah Firdaus
Published: December 2020

Fractals have two types, namely fractals sets (artificial fractals) and natural fractals. Each type of fractal has a variety of fractal objects. One of the fractal objects is the Dragon Curve. Fractal objects can be generated through two methods, namely the Lindenmayer System (L-System) and the Iterated Function System (IFS). In previous studies, the Dragon curve can be generated through the L-System approach. The method is to start from determining the rotation angle, then determining the initial string, and the last one, which is determining the production rules. In this study, the Dragon curve is generated using IFS with Affine Transformation. The Affine transformation used in this study is dilation and rotation. Some variation is given on the scale of dilation and rotation angle. The variation is using a fixed angle with a variety of scale and using a fixed scale with a variation of angle. Each variation gives a different effect. This influence results in a varied visualization of the Naga curve. If the scale and angle that is varied approach a scale of one and an angle of 90° then the fractal formed approaches the Dragon curve of a scale of one with an angle of 90°. Conversely, if the scale and angle are varied away from one scale and angle of 90°, the fractal formed away from the Dragon curve of scale one with an angle of 90°. Keywords: Affine transformation, dragon curve, IFS method.
Ambalajlı sular ile üç büyük ilin musluk sularının kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik açıdan karşılaştırılması
Authors: KOÇAK Cemal
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Toplumlarda içme suyu olarak musluk suyu yanında birtakım endişeler nedeniyle yaygınlaşan şekilde ambalajlı sular da tüketilmektedir. Oysaki musluk suyu yoluyla sağlıklı içme ve kullanma suyunun sağlanması esastır. Sağlıklı su tercihi için su içeriği bilinmelidir. Çalışmada su ürünleri karşılaştırılarak farklılıklar gösterilmiştir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı araştırmanın verisi Mayıs-Eylül 2019’da toplanmıştır. İstatiksel analiz R programıyla yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı değerler sayı, yüzde, ortalama±SS, ortanca olarak belirtilmiştir. Kategorik değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında ki-kare, sürekli değişkenlerde nonparametrik testler kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 alınmıştır. Bulgular: İzmir’de alüminyum, Ankara ve İstanbul’dan anlamlı düşük, demir anlamlı yüksekti. İzmir’in su sertliği İstanbul’dan fazlaydı. İstanbul’da klorür, İzmir’den anlamlı yüksekken, Ankara’da bakiye klor İzmir’den anlamlı yüksekti. Ankara’da %26.0, İzmir’de %15.5 numunede bakiye klor 0.5 ppm’in altındaydı. İzmir’de, İstanbul’dan anlamlı şekilde yüksek nitrat, krom, arsenik, bakır varken, tersine mangan anlamlı düşüktü. pH, florür, sülfat, sodyum, kurşun açısından iller arasında fark yoktu. Musluk sularında pH, ambalajlı sulardan anlamlı düşüktü. 4 mineralli, 11 kaynak suyunun pH’ı standartların altındaydı (<6.5). Standardın dışında musluk suyu örneği yoktu. Kaynak sularında diğer grup sulardan daha az sodyum, musluk suyundan daha az mangan vardı. Mineralli sularda florür diğer sulardan anlamlı fazlaydı. Musluk sularında pH, nitrit anlamlı düşük; alüminyum, klorür, sülfat, kalsiyum, magnezyum, demir, iletkenlik, kurşun, arsenik anlamlı yüksekti. Musluk suyunun sertliği, kurşun düzeyi kaynak sulara göre yüksek, oksitlenebilirliği azdı. Ambalajlı ve musluk suları arasında bikarbonat, krom, cıva açısından anlamlı fark yoktu. Mineralli suların %18.2’sinde, kaynak sularının %6.8’inde koloni pozitifliğine rastlanmışken, musluk sularında koloni pozitifliği yoktu. Sonuç: Bazı ambalajlı sularda koloni ürediğinden tesislerin denetimi sıkı yapılmalı, zamanı geçen damacanaların kullanımına izin verilmemelidir. Musluk sularının büyük ölçüde standartlara uygunluğu görülse de daha sağlıklı hale getirilmesi için çabalanmalı; ambalajlı sulara göre fazla görülen ağır metallerden arındırılması, sağlıklı hatlarla konut ve işyerlerine ulaştırılması sağlanmalıdır.
Influence of dividend policy on sharia stock price volatility
Authors: Irton Irton
Published: December 2020

The main object of this research is to examine whether dividend policy in the form of dividend payout ratio and dividend yield influences the volatility of sharia stock price in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. This research uses the quantitative method by using the secondary data collected from the published Indonesian Stock Exchange. The sample in this research is 106 companies registered in the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) in 2016-2018. The dependent variable in this research is stock price volatility while the independent variables are dividend payout ratio, dividend yield, and data of earnings volatility, debt, and size that are collected and processed from the company financial report. Multiplied regression analysis is used for correlation test and hypothesis test using the SPSS software program version 15.0. The result of the research shows a shred of evidence that dividend per share and dividend payout ratio have no influence on the stock price volatility. The result of research can help the investors to select the sharia shares, and for companies, this research is useful to determine the dividend policy
Humanistic approach towards education of preschool children with developmental speech and language disorders
Authors: Oksana Voitovych , Olha Kozliuk , Oksana Kosarieva , Galyna Marchuk , Olga Stepanova
Published: December 2020

Changing approaches towards education of preschool children with developmental speech and language disorders occurs due to systemic pressure from government policy, which includes the development of inclusive education, the promotion of multidisciplinary cooperation in the development of policies and educational practices. Differentiation, personalization and integration of children with special educational needs are trends that indicate the humanization of education. Based on the analysis of scientific publications on the issues of therapy (treatment) and education of preschool children with developmental speech and language disorders for 2000-2019, key trends in education have been identified. The academic paper summarizes the experience of involving parents in the treatment of children. The importance of increasing parents’ awareness concerning the peculiarities of children with developmental speech and language disorders has been identified. The effectiveness of family-centered practice in education compared to usual practice has been proven. It has been determined that the humanistic approach should include the principle of involvement of all subjects of education of children with developmental speech and language disorders. Family-centered practice is a form of humanistic approach to education, where there is a division of responsibilities and reducing the burden on preschool teachers in the upbringing and education of such children. The features of a humanistic approach to education determine the individual approach to therapy and education. This approach is complemented by differentiated and personalized approaches. It has been determined that home speech sound disorder treatment is effective due to the formation of the natural environment, which contributes to the formation of positive relationships between children developmental speech and language disorders and parents.
Об одном классе $n$-значных литеральных паранепротиворечивых / параполных логик
Authors: Tomova Natalya E.
Published: December 2020

Паранепротиворечивые и параполные логики позволяют работать с противоречивой и неполной информацией. В статье рассмотрен небольшой класс $n$-значных литеральных паранепротиворечивых / параполных логик. Представителями данного класса являются известная трехзначная логика Сетте $\mathbf{P}^1$ и дуальная ей логика $\mathbf{I}^1$. Существует несколько методов конструирования литеральных паранепротиворечивых / параполных логик, одним из них является метод комбинирования изоморфов классической логики. А.С. Карпенко было устноавлено, что паранепротиворечивая логика Сетте $\mathbf{P}^1$ и дуальная ей параполная логика $\mathbf{I}^1$ могут быть получены в результате комбинирования изоморфов классической логики, содержащихся в трехзначной логике Бочвара.В статье рассматривается обобщение данного алгоритма на $n$-значный случай, и построен класс $n$-значных литеральных паранепротиворечивых / параполных логик. В данном классе логик выделены паранепротиворечивые системы: приведены два вида логических матриц, доказаны соответствующие утверждения. Также доказано, что оба вида матриц задают ту же паранепротиворечивую теорию, что и матрица, определяющая паранепротиворечивую логику Сетте $\mathbf{P}^1$. Также посредством указания двух видов логических матриц были выделены и параполные логики. Доказано, что эти два вида матриц задают ту же параполную теорию, что и матрица, определяющая параполную логику $\mathbf{I}^1$.В качестве перспективы исследования указывается изучение функциональных свойств полученных $n$-значных обобщений, вероятно, как в случае с трехзначными и четырехзначными логиками, паранепротиворечивые и параполные логики будут попарно функционально эквивалентны. Поставлен также вопрос о классе $n$-значных обобщений паранормальных систем.
Logical aliens and where to find them
Authors: Maksudova-Eliseeva Gala
Published: December 2020

This paper is concerned with Frege’s logical aliens argument against psychologism in logic. The paper argues that this argument becomes too radical in the context of current philosophy in logic. The possible answer to Frege’s argument could be inspirited by the philosophical ideas of later Wittgenstein: we play different language games, and some of them are logical games. However, different people have different criteria of certainty and not all of them can play logical games. This gives new comprehension of the normativity of logic that shows that there are no logical aliens in absolute sense. This view can give in turn a new understanding of what rationality is and show why logic and psychology should interact.
Сравнительный логический анализ субстанциальной и процессуальной онтологий
Authors: Shalack Vladimir I.
Published: December 2020

В работах Аристотеля мы находим пример детально построенной субстанциальной онтологии, которой выпала роль философских оснований логики и всей западноевропейской науки. Исторически существовал и другой, процессуальный, взгляд на устройство окружающего мира, наиболее ярким представителем которого был Гераклит.

В настоящей публикации проведен анализ субстанциальной онтологии и предложен подход к построению процессуальной. Основными характеристиками процессов являются их длительность и направленность. Введено отношение $ \textit{$\textbf{D}$}pxy $ деления по длительности процесса $ p $ на два последовательно связанных подпроцесса $ x $ и $ y $. Сформулирован ряд интуитивно очевидных аксиом, описывающих это отношение. С помощью данного отношения определено понятие локального времени процесса, обладающего свойствами плотного линейного порядка без первого и последнего элементов.

Предметы в процессуальной онтологии понимаются как <<пучки>> подпроцессов. Для их характеризации вводится отношение $ x\leq y $, означающее, что процесс x является подпроцессом процесса y. Это отношение обладает свойствами частичного порядка с наибольшим элементом $\textit{$\textbf{W}$} $, который понимается как глобальный процесс, представляющий мир в целом. Показано, как с помощью данного отношения можно определить основные силлогистические константы для построения рассуждений о подпроцессах.

Поскольку оба отношения описывают две стороны одной  и той же онтологии, приняты дополнительные аксиомы связи между ними. Это позволило синхронизировать процессы, определив понятие глобального времени и понятие параллельных процессов.

В завершение статьи показано, как в процессуальной онтологии можно определить понятия, соответствующие понятиям индивидов и свойства процессуальной и субстанциальной онтологий.
Experimental Studies on Demulsification of Heavy Crude Oil-in-Water Emulsions by Chemicals, Heating, and Centrifuging
Authors: Kumar Shailesh , Rajput Vikrant Singh , Mahto Vikas
Published: December 2020

The development of concentrated and highly stable oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion is considered to be a cost-effective alternative for the transportation of produced heavy crude oils. However, the demulsification of a transported O/W emulsion is necessary once it reaches the destination. This article experimentally investigates the performance of four low-cost chemicals of varying water solubility as potential demulsifiers, independently and in combinations, for demulsifying two Indian heavy crude O/W emulsions prepared for pipeline transportation. The chemical demulsifiers used, in order of their higher water solubility, are: polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG)  >  polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween-80)  >  linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (LABSA) > n-octylamine (OA). For this study, stable O/W emulsions (in the 60:40 ratio) of two Indian heavy crude oils were prepared using high-frequency ultrasonic waves in the presence of Triton X-100 as a surfactant. Both crude oils were characterized at first based on their physicochemical properties, infrared (IR) spectrum, and rheological properties. Prepared O/W emulsions were characterized based on rheological properties and droplet size. A bottle test method with heating (using a water bath) and enhanced gravity (by centrifuge) has been used to study the demulsification efficiency of used chemicals. Complete demulsification of both emulsions was achieved as desired. The synergetic effect of the interaction between two suitable demulsifiers provided remarkably better performance than that of independent returns, leading to minimization of the amount of demulsifier and the energy requirement for complete demulsification of both emulsions.
Hydrate Agglomeration in Crude Oil Systems in Which the Asphaltene Aggregation State Is Artificially Modified
Authors: Salmin D. Costa , Delgado-Linares Jose G. , Wu David T. , Zerpa Luis E. , Koh Carolyn A.
Published: December 2020

Some crude oils contain naturally occurring surfactants that avoid hydrate agglomeration. Natural hydrate antiagglomeration has been linked to different crude oil fractions, including asphaltenes. Asphaltenes can promote the formation of stable water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions due to their amphiphilic properties. The surfactant-like behavior of asphaltenes is related to their aggregation state. Asphaltenes are strong emulsifying agents when in an aggregated state but weak emulsifying agents when either precipitated or well solubilized in the bulk oil phase. The asphaltene aggregation state may be artificially modified, changing its interfacial activity, by mixing crude oil with heptane–toluene mixtures. This work investigated the influence of the asphaltene aggregation state on gas hydrate agglomeration. Results show that the natural hydrate antiagglomerant properties of crude oils can be highly dependent on the artificially induced asphaltene aggregation state. For instance, if asphaltenes were induced to be solubilized into the bulk oil phase, the natural hydrate antiagglomerant behavior was diminished. However, when asphaltene aggregation was induced, gas hydrate agglomeration was avoided. These new findings could have significant implications for the implementation of novel hydrate management strategies that can reduce or eliminate the need for external interventions and hence minimize capital and operational expenditures by taking advantage of the intrinsic natural antiagglomerant properties of some crude oils.
Spatial distribution and associated factors’ of Early Marriage among Reproductive age women in Ethiopia: A Secondary Data Analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016.
Authors: Tadesse Zemenu Tessema
Published: December 2020

Background

Besides, the presence of national law, the country has to set up its own mid-term and long term goals to bring about a significant reduction in child marriages in Ethiopia. To achieve this, determining the spatial pattern of early marriage and factors associated is important for government, other concerned bodies, program implementers and policy developers to end up early childhood marriage. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the spatial patterns and associated factors of Early marriage among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia.

Methods

This study analyzed retrospectively a cross-sectional data on a weighted sample of 11,646 women aged 15-49 years after requesting from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 via the link www.measuredhs.com . ArcGIS version 10.7 software was used to visualize spatial distribution for Early marriage. The Bernoulli model was applied using Kilduff SaTScan version 9.6 software to identify significant purely spatial clusters for Early marriage in Ethiopia multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with early marriage. Finally, variables with a p-value<0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Results

In this analysis, about 62.8% (95%CI: 61.9, 63.74%) of the study participants were married before they reached 18 years. The overall median age at first marriage was 17.1 with IQR 5 years. The high clustering of early marriage was located in Amhara, Afar, and Gambella Regions. In spatial Scan statistics 87 clusters (RR = 1.28, P-value < 0.001) significant primary clusters were identified. The associated factors of early marriage were lesser among women’s attending primary (AOR=0.60; 95%CI: 0.51, 0.71), secondary (AOR=0.19; 95%CI: 0.13, 0.26) and tertiary education (AOR=0.11; 95%CI: 0.07, 0.18). Similarly, women found in Addis Ababa were at a lesser risk of early marriage compared to other regions of the country.

Conclusion

Marriage below age 18 was high in Ethiopia. High-risk area of early marriage was located in Amhara, Afar, and Gambella and special attention should be given for identified risk areas. Therefore, providing educational opportunities to young girls was important in addition to inhibiting the marriage of girls under 18 years.
Participation in disease management programs and major adverse cardiac events in patients after acute myocardial infarction. A longitudinal study based on registry data
Authors: Fischer Christian , Höpner Jens , Hartwig Saskia , Noutsias Michel , Mikolajczyk Rafael
Published: December 2020

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are still the main cause of death in the western world. However, diminishing mortality rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are motivating the need to investigate the process of secondary prevention after AMI. Besides cardiac rehabilitation, disease management programs (DMPs) are an important component of outpatient care after AMI in Germany. This study aims to analyze outcomes after AMI among those who participated in DMPs and cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in a region with overall increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Methods: Based on data from a regional myocardial infarction registry and a 2-year follow-up period, we assessed the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in relation to participation in CR and DMP, risk factors for complications and individual healthas well as lifestyle characteristics. Multivariable Cox regression was performed to compare survival time between participants and non-participants until an adverse event occurred. Results: Of 1,094 observed patients post-AMI, 272 were enrolled in a DMP. An association between DMP participation and lower hazard rates for MACE compared to non-enrollees could not be proven in the crude model (hazard ratio = 0.93; 95% confidence interval = 0.65-1.33). When adjusted for possible confounding variables, these results remained virtually unchanged (1.03; 0.72-1.48). Furthermore, smokers and obese patients showed a distinctly lower chance of DMP enrollment. In contrast, those who participated in CR showed a lower risk for MACE in crude (0.52; 0.41-0.65) and adjusted analysis (0.56; 0.44-0.71). Conclusions: Participation in DMP was not associated with a lower risk of MACE, but participation in CR showed beneficial effects. Adjustment only slightly changed effect estimates in both cases, but it is still important to consider potential effects of confounding variables.
Psychological distress and associated factors related to COVID-19 pandemic among primary care physicians in Spain (STREPRIC study)
Authors: Ana Cebrián-Cuenca M , Mira Jose Joaquin , Caride-Miana Elena , Fernández-Jiménez Antonio , Orozco-Beltrán Domingo
Published: December 2020

Background The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting people in all nations worldwide. In Spain, the epidemic has become especially severe. The lack of protective measures is a major concern and may have caused emotional stress to Primary Care Physicians (PCPs). This study aimed to address the sources of psychological distress among Spanish PCPs during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods This observational, cross sectional study was conducted using a survey questionnaire that consisted of 24 expressions to be answered by PCPs working in family healthcare centres in Spain during the pandemic. A specific scale, the “Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience”, EASE scale was used to determine the distress related to the care of COVID-19 patients among Spanish PCPs. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed.Results In all, 518 PCPs belonging to different regions of Spain participated in this survey, of which 123 (23.7%) obtained high psychological distress scores. Only half of them had received information about the appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE). PCPs factors associated with higher levels of distress include female gender (1.69; CI 0.54, 2.84); Age (-0.43 (-0.61, 1.48)); working setting (rural) (0.84 (-0.34, 2.01)); lack of training in protective measures (1.96 (0.94, 2.99)). The absence of sick leave among colleagues, increased availability of PPEs, improved cleaning and hygiene conditions in health care centers facilities and the detection of COVID-19 RT-PCR for health care workers were associated with lower levels of distress.Conclusions One in four PCPs rated a high score for psychological distress. The availability of PPEs, training on their use, cleanliness and hygiene conditions in health care facilities and the availability of COVID-19 RT-PCR analyses for health workers, among others, are factors associated with the psychological distress of PCPs.
New host records for Zeuxia cinerea Meigen, 1826 (Diptera: Tachinidae) from Turkey
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Neslihan , GÖZÜAÇIK Celalettin , KARA Kenan , ATAY Turgut
Published: December 2020

The paper presents new host records for Zeuxia cinerea Meigen, 1826 (Diptera: Tachinidae) from Turkey. New parasitoid host couples are Temnorhinus hololeucus (Pallas, 1781) and Maximus strabus (Gyllenhal, 1834) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for Z. cinerea. Some additional information about the reared species and hosts are also presented.
Görme Engelli Seçmenler İçin Tasarlanmış Seçim Gereçlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Şengel Şirin , Yaman Erkan
Published: December 2020

Görme engelli bireye, yaşamın her alanında fırsat eşitliğinin verilmesi ve yeterli olanakların sunulması; bağımsız ve özgürce yaşayabilmesinin temel koşuludur. Görme engelli birey, uygun koşullar ve olanaklar sağlandığı takdirde günlük yaşamının yanı sıra iş hayatını da görebilen insanlar gibi sürdürebilmekte, özgürce seyahat edebilmektedir. Braille alfabesi ile okuyabilmekte, dokunsal grafik tasarım ürünlerini kullanarak eğitim alabilmektedir. Anayasal hakkı gereği bir seçmen olarak, bağımsız oy kullanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı görme engelli ve seçim materyallerinin, sosyal sorumluluk kavramı çerçevesinde incelenmesidir. Tarama modeli kapsamında yapılan inceleme sonucunda Türkiye’de görme engelli seçmenlerin bağımsız oy kullanabilmeleri için yeterli düzenlemenin, tasarımın ya da uygulamanın yapılmadığı belirlenmiştir. Tasarımda sosyal sorumluluk kavramı çerçevesinde, tasarımla ilgili tüm kamu kurumlarında ve özel sektörde seçim materyaline yönelik tasarım önerileri geliştirilebilir.
Screening and Evaluation of Initial Clonal Generations of Potato Hybrids for Yield and Yield Attributing Characters
Authors: YADAV SARALA , KUMAR MANOJ , SINGH R K
Published: December 2020

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2015-16 and 2016-17 at ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Patna Bihar. In this experiment F1 with initial clonal generations viz F1C1, F1C2 and F1C3 were evaluated. The screening and selection of these generations were done in randomized block design for the character like early bulking, tuber size, tuber shape, depth of eye, tuber colour and resistance to late blight of potato etc. A total of 12,360 True Potato Seeds of 17 successful crosses and 7,322 True Potato Seeds of 23 successful crosses were sown and seedlings were transplanted, out of these 610 and 187 clones were selected during 2015-16 and 2016-17 respectively. Large number of potato cultures were planted for further evaluation in next generations. In F1C3 the cultures were planted along with more than six check varieties of potato. Cultures were evaluated and selected considering total tuber yield, shape, colour and disease reactions for further evaluation in PYT.
NIR Computer Vision for Rapid Measurements of Some Physical Properties of Mangoes
Authors: PATEL KRISHNA KUMAR , KAR ABHIJIT , KHAN MOHAMMAD ALI
Published: December 2020

Quality assessment through quick sorting and grading of mangoes is today’s need, for not only to enhance the post harvest management process but also to minimize the post harvest losses and to recover more economic and nutritional values. Near infrared (NIR) based computer vision (CV) which is very close to human vision was used for rapid measurements of some physical properties of mangoes (Chausa, Dashehari). Lab View s/w was used to process the image and development of algorithm steps for analysis of the image properties. Fruit’s diameters were measured and compared with manual measurements using paired t-test, the 95% limits of agreement (Bland-Altman plot) and both measurements correlated using regression analysis. The results obtained were consistent and the correlations of the mean dimensions between both methods were found to be noticeably high. Coefficient of determination (R2) for all diameters was found between 0.951 and 0.90. Various fruit’s shape attributes important in design of harvest and post harvest equipment were also evaluated using NIR-CV technique. The present research, thus, could be the basis for the development of real time CV systems which would be near to human vision.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Quality of Garlic cv. Yamuna Safed-3
Authors: Priyanshu A B , Singh M K , Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Vipin , Malik Sunil , Sahahi U P , Lodhi S K
Published: December 2020

An experiment was conducted at Horticultural Research Centre, SVP University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (UP) during Rabi season of 2018-19 to assess the impact of different INM doses on yield and quality parameters of garlic. A total of ten treatments consisting of combinations of inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers like T1- (Control), T2RDF (100:50:50 kg NPK ha-1), T3-RDF + 20 kg sulphur + FYM 20 ton ha-1, T4- RDF + 20 kg sulphur + VC 4 ton ha-1, T5- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 5 ton FYM ha-1+ PSB 5 kg ha-1, T6-75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 2 ton VC + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1, T7- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 3 ton + VC 1 ton+ PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5kg ha-1, T8- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg ha-1, T9- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM5 ton + VC 2 ton+ Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1and T10- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1 were used in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. Out of these an application of T7 (75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM3 ton + VC 1 ton ha-1 + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1) was found to be significantly superior in term of yield and attributing parameters of garlic.
Canada’s Decentralized “Human-Driven” Approach During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hansen Gregory , Cyr Amelie
Published: December 2020

A country’s early response to a pandemic is critical for controlling the disease outbreak. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of southeast Asian countries adopted centralized, coordinated, rapid, and comprehensive approaches that involved smart technology (the “techno-driven” approach). In comparison, Canada’s approach appeared to be decentralized, uncoordinated, and slow, and it focused on educating citizens and enhancing social and human capital (the “human-driven” approach). We propose that in future pandemics, early and coordinated “techno-driven” approaches should receive more careful consideration to curtail outbreaks; however, these approaches must be balanced with protecting individuals’ freedoms.
Pemanfaatan Speed Bump sebagai Pembangkit Listrik Energi Alternatif
Authors: Suryadi Aris , Agung Nugroho Emmanuel , Tulus Asmoro Purwandito
Published: December 2020

Speed bump atau dalam bahasa Indonesia disebut “Polisi Tidur”, dianggap kurang bermanfaat dan mengganggu bagi para pengendara motor untuk mengurangi kecepatan motornya. Muncul sebuah gagasan untuk merancang sebuah alat yang pada penerapannya dapat memanfaatkan sebagai pembangkit listrik dengan sumber penggerak generator dari polisi tidur. Dengan menggunakan rangkaian elektronika daya sebagai regulator dari keluaran yang dihasilkan. Metode penelitian dari alat ini adalah ketika kendaraan melewati speed bump maka akan menginjak bump yang dapat bergerak naik dan turun, kemudian gerakan dari naik dan turunnya bump tersebut diubah menjadi gerakan memutar generator. Tegangan yang dihasilkan dari generator tersebut disimpan pada accumulator yang nantinya energi listrik dapat difungsikan sesuai kebutuhan. Adapun yang menjadi tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah dapat menjadi sumber energi alternatif terbarukan sebagai penghasil listrik, dapat memanfaatkan energi yang terbuang menjadi energi yang potensial.