bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commonly used hair oils in the Black community: a narrative review in their use to treat androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Dinkins Jewell , Iwuala Callyn , Akintilo Lisa , Ugonabo Nkem , Shapiro Jerry , Sicco Kristen Lo , Adotama Prince
Published: April 2023

Alopecia, the loss of hair on the scalp and/or body, experienced by millions of people worldwide, can be a very debilitating condition. Specifically, androgenetic alopecia (AGA), commonly known as male or female pattern baldness, is the most common form of hair loss. In the African diaspora, oils have traditionally been used to promote hair growth and recently, the application of hair oils to the scalp for the treatment of alopecia has become increasingly popular. With the recent surge of hair oil usage in the Black community, more research is needed to determine the efficacy of hair oils, as most studies have primarily used mice subjects. This article reviews the existing literature to better understand the use of hair oils in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. Specifically, we investigate the popular carrier oils, castor oil, and pumpkin oil as well as the essential oils, lavender, peppermint, rosemary, and tea tree oil.
False memories formation after a retention period spent asleep or awake in individuals with insomnia and good sleepers: a polysomnographic study
Authors: Malloggi Serena , Conte Francesca , De Rosa Oreste , Cellini Nicola , Gavazzi Gioele , Di Iorio Ilaria , Ficca Gianluca , Giganti Fiorenza
Published: April 2023

False memories are a possible by‐product of sleep‐related memory consolidation processes when delayed testing is performed after a retention interval spent asleep. To date, the effect of a retention period spent asleep or awake on false memories formation has been addressed only in healthy subjects, while neglecting sleep‐disordered populations. In the present study, we investigated this effect in 17 insomniacs and 15 good sleepers through the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm. In both groups, the encoding phase was followed by an 8‐h retention period spent in polysomnography monitored sleep (S‐condition) or wake (WK‐condition). We observed that, at free recall, insomniacs produced more false recalls in the WK‐condition compared to the S‐condition, whereas the good sleepers showed more false recalls in S‐condition than in the WK‐condition. Moreover, false recalls were higher in good sleepers than in insomniacs in the S‐condition. Both groups produced more veridical recalls in the S‐condition than in the WK‐condition. For recognition, hits (correctly recognised words) were more numerous in the S‐condition than in the WK‐condition. Our results confirm previous data on sleep‐related false memories production in good sleepers. Additionally, they show that, in insomniacs, false memories production is reduced after a sleep relative to remaining awake. These data suggest that false memories formation, reflecting adaptive memory reshaping processes going on during sleep, could occur at awakening as long as the sleep episode is efficient enough. A notable methodological issue was also identified, in that the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm can be useful to investigate sleep‐dependent memory processes for false memories only when a more cognitively demanding task is employed (i.e., free‐recall instead of recognition tasks).
Deletion of
DP148R
,
DP71L
, and
DP96R
Attenuates African Swine Fever Virus, and the Mutant Strain Confers Complete Protection against Homologous Challenges in Pigs
Authors: Qi Xiaolan , Feng Tao , Ma Zhao , Zheng Linlin , Liu Huanan , Shi Zhengwang , Shen Chaochao , Li Pan , Wu Panxue , Ru Yi , Li Dan , Zhu Zixiang , Tian Hong , Wu Sen , Zheng Haixue
Published: April 2023

Ongoing outbreaks of African swine fever (ASF) have considerably damaged the pig industry in affected countries. Thus, a safe and effective vaccine is important to control African swine fever spread.
A Novel
Shigella
O-Polysaccharide–IpaB Conjugate Vaccine Elicits Robust Antibody Responses and Confers Protection against Multiple
Shigella
Serotypes
Authors: Desalegn Girmay , Kapoor Neeraj , Pill-Pepe Lucy , Bautista Leslie , Yin Lu , Ndungo Esther , Oaks Edwin V. , Fairman Jeff , Pasetti Marcela F.
Published: April 2023

Diarrhea caused by
Shigella
species results in long-term disability and mortality globally, disproportionally affecting younger children living in poor countries. Although it is treatable by antibiotics, the rapid and widespread emergence of resistant strains and the highly contagious nature of the disease compel the development of preventive tools.
Host Lipid Transport Protein ORP1 Is Necessary for Coxiella burnetii Growth and Vacuole Expansion in Macrophages
Authors: Schuler Baleigh , Sladek Margaret , Gilk Stacey D.
Published: April 2023

Coxiella burnetii
is an emerging zoonotic pathogen and bioterrorism threat. No licensed vaccine exists in the United States, and the chronic form of the disease is difficult to treat and potentially lethal.
Thymol-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Curing Clinical Infections Caused by Bacteria Resistant to Last-Resort Antibiotics
Authors: Huang Zeyu , Zhang Xiaotuan , Yao Zhuocheng , Han Yijia , Ye Jianzhong , Zhang Yi , Chen Lijiang , Shen Mo , Zhou Tieli
Published: April 2023

Excessive use of antibiotics can lead to bacterial resistance and the development of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic misuse can also promote resistance against last-resort antibiotics.
Extremely low δ56Fe in arc tholeiites linked to ferrocarbonate recycling: Implications for Fe enrichment in the Awulale Arc, Central Asia
Authors: Yan Shuang , Niu He-Cai , Zhao Zhenhua , Li Ning-bo , Yang Wu-bin , Zhou Renjie , An Yajun , Huang Fang
Published: April 2023

Recycling of Fe-rich materials through subduction may affect the element budgets and redox properties of the mantle, thus influencing the differentiation trends and mineralization types of mantle-derived magmas. However, the effects of different recycled Fe-rich materials on the mantle are dependent on their lithologies, which are still poorly constrained. Stable Fe isotopes can act as useful tracers for distinguishing among different recycled Fe-rich lithologies, and their imprints may be documented in mantle-derived magmas. This study focuses on the Fe isotopes of ferrobasalts and the associated dacites and magnetite ores in the Chagangnuoer Fe deposit of the Awulale Arc, Central Asia, to identify recycled Fe-rich materials and explore the Fe enrichment mechanism in continental arcs. Our results indicate that the ferrobasalts and dacites possess the lowest known δ56Fe, −0.40‰ ± 0.04‰ (2SE), among their counterparts worldwide. The low δ56Fe signatures are considered to originate from a hybridized mantle source, which may have been modified by recycled ferrocarbonates. The recycled ferrocarbonates may have melted during the decompressional heating stage of the slab subduction of the South Tianshan Ocean, coupled with asthenospheric upwelling under “wet” mantle conditions. The addition of ferrocarbonate melts to the mantle might have decreased the oxygen fugacity of the mantle wedge to below the fayalite−magnetite−quartz buffer, accounting for the Fe enrichment in arc tholeiites and large-scale Fe mineralization along the Awulale. Notably, our study reveals a novel carbonate recycling pathway in the cold subduction zones, where ferrocarbonates were subducted into the mantle and then recycled by the upwelling asthenosphere to mix with the fluid-metasomatized mantle through mantle convection.
Supplemental Material: Sr-Nd-Ca isotopic variations of Cenozoic calc-alkaline and alkaline volcanic rocks above a slab tear in Western Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Deng Hao , al. et
Published: April 2023

Figure S1: (a) SiO2 versus Na2O + K2O classification diagram; (b) Zr/TiO2 versus Nb/Y classification; (c) SiO2 versus K2O diagram. Figure S2: Variation diagrams of δ44/40Ca values versus LOI contents. Figure S3: Variation diagrams of CaO, Al2O3 and Eu/Eu* versus SiO2 for the Gördes dacites. Figure S4: Variation diagrams of SiO2, Nb/Nb* and La/Smcn versus 87Sr/86Sri for the Gördes dacites. Figure S5: Variation diagrams of MgO, TFe2O3, CaO and CaO/Al2O3 versus SiO2 for the Kula basalts. Figure S6: Variation diagrams of SiO2, La/Smcn, Nb/Nb* versus ɛNd (t) and 1/Sr versus (87Sr/86Sr)i for the Kula basalts. Figure S7: Variation diagrams of La/Sm versus Sm/Yb. Figure S8: Selected cathodoluminescence images and U-Pb concordia diagrams of analyzed zircons of dacites. Table S1: SHRIMP U-Pb data for zircons from Gördes dacites. Table S2: Major and trace elemental compositions of dacites and basalts. Table S3: (a) Modeling calculation of Ca isotope fractionation during partial melting of spinel peridotite, (b) modeling calculation of Ca isotope fractionation during partial melting of garnet peridotite, and (c) modeling calcium isotope fractionation during partial melting of garnet pyroxenite. Table S4: Measured and recommended trace element concentrations (ppm) for AGV-2, BHVO-2, BCR-2, and RGM2. Table S5: Whole rock Sr-Nd compositions and calculations of basalts and dacites.
Prevalence and associated factors of myopia in children and adolescents in Russia: the Ural Children Eye Study
Authors: Bikbov Mukharram M. , Kazakbaeva Gyulli M. , Fakhretdinova Albina A , Tuliakova Azaliia M , Iakupova Ellina M , Panda-Jonas Songhomitra , Gilemzianova Leisan I , Garipova Liana A , Khakimov Dinar A , Islamova Liaisan I , Jonas Jost B
Published: April 2023

Background

To assess the prevalence of myopia and the distribution of ocular axial length as surrogate for myopic refractive error in school children in a population in Russia.

Methods

The Ural Children Eye Study, a school-based case–control study, was conducted in Ufa/Bashkortostan/Russia from 2019 to 2022 and included 4933 children (age: 9.7±2.6 years; range: 6.2–18.8 years). The parents underwent a detailed interview and the children an ophthalmological and general examination.

Results

Prevalence of any myopia (≤−0.50 dioptres (D)), minor myopia (−0.50 D to −1.0 D), moderate myopia (−1.01 D to −5.99 D) and high myopia (≤−6.0D) was 2187/3737 (46.2%; 95% CI 44.8% to 48.6%), 693/4737 (14.6%; 95% CI 13.6% to 15.6%), 1430/4737 (30.2%; 95% CI 28.9% to 31.5%) and 64/4737 (1.4%; 95% CI 1.0% to 1.7%), respectively. In the children aged 17+ years, prevalence of any, minor, moderate and high myopia was 170/259 (65.6%; 95% CI 59.8% to 71.5%), 130/259 (50.2%; 95% CI 44.1% to 56.3%), 28/259 (10.8%; 95% CI 7.0% to 14.6%) and 12/259 (4.6%; 95% CI 2.1% to 7.2%), respectively. After adjusting for corneal refractive power (beta: 0.09) and lens thickness (beta: −0.08), larger myopic refractive error was associated (r2=0.19) with older age (beta: 0.33), female sex (beta: 0.04), higher prevalence of maternal (beta: 0.15) and paternal (beta: 0.12) myopia, more time spent in school, with reading books or playing with the cell phone (beta: 0.05) and less total time spent outdoors (beta: 0.05). Axial length and myopic refractive error increased by 0.12 mm (95% CI 0.11 to 0.13) and −0.18 D (95% CI 0.17 to 0.20), respectively, per year of age.

Conclusions

In this ethnically mixed urban school children population from Russia, prevalence of any myopia (65.6%) and high myopia (4.6%) in children aged 17+ years was higher than in adult populations in the same region and it was lower than in East Asian school children, with similar associated factors.
Home-based exercise therapy in patients awaiting liver transplantation: protocol for an observational feasibility trial
Authors: Williams Felicity Rhian , Vallance Alice , Faulkner Thomas , Towey Jennifer , Kyte Derek , Durman Simon , Johnson Jill , Holt Andrew , Perera M Thamara , Ferguson James , Armstrong Matthew James
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Liver disease is the third most common cause of premature mortality in the UK. Liver failure accelerates frailty, resulting in skeletal muscle atrophy, functional decline and an associated risk of liver transplant waiting list mortality. However, there is limited research investigating the impact of exercise on patient outcomes pre and post liver transplantation. The waitlist period for patients listed for liver transplantation provides a unique opportunity to provide and assess interventions such as prehabilitation.

Methods and analysis

This study is a phase I observational study evaluating the feasibility of conducting a randomised control trial (RCT) investigating the use of a home-based exercise programme (HBEP) in the management of patients awaiting liver transplantation. Twenty eligible patients will be randomly selected from the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital Birmingham liver transplant waiting list. Participants will be provided with an individually tailored 12-week HBEP, including step targets and resistance exercises. Activity trackers and patient diaries will be provided to support data collection. For the initial 6 weeks, telephone support will be given to discuss compliance with the study intervention, achievement of weekly targets, and to address any queries or concerns regarding the intervention. During weeks 6–12, participants will continue the intervention without telephone support to evaluate longer term adherence to the study intervention. On completing the intervention, all participants will be invited to engage in a focus group to discuss their experiences and the feasibility of an RCT.

Ethics and dissemination

The protocol is approved by the National Research Ethics Service Committee North West - Greater Manchester East and Health Research Authority (REC reference: 17/NW/0120). Recruitment into the study started in April 2017 and ended in July 2017. Follow-up of participants is ongoing and due to finish by the end of 2017. The findings of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and international presentations. In addition, the protocol will be placed on the British Liver Trust website for public access.

Trial registration number

NCT02949505; Pre-results.
A Novel Coupled Code Shifted M-ary Differential Chaos Shift Keying Modulation
Authors: Wang Y. , Yang H. , Yan X. Y. , Jiang G. P.
Published: April 2023

In this paper, a novel coupled code shifted M-ary differential chaos shift keying modulation scheme is proposed as a simple and low-cost solution to reference removal. In this scheme, only two information-bearing signals are transmitted. Both signals are modulated by selected Walsh code sequences with specific indices determined by the index bits, and one of them also carries an additional M-ary information symbol. Since these two information-bearing signals are coupled by the same chaotic message bearer, data bits can be easily recovered according to the correlation between these two signals so that the transmission of reference signals can be completely avoided. Theoretical Bit Error Rate (BER) expressions are derived over the additive white Gaussian noise and multipath Rayleigh fading channels. Furthermore, simulations and comparisons indicate that the proposed system can achieve better BER performance with lower complexity.
PREDICTING INTENSIVE CARE UNIT READMISSION AMONG PATIENTS AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: GONG LINMEI , GONG SUBO , WU XIAOQIANG , HE JIEZHOU , ZHONG YANJUN , TANG JUN , DENG JIAYI , SI ZHONGZHOU , LIU YI , WANG GUYI , LI JINXIU
Published: April 2023

Intensive care unit (ICU) readmission of patients following liver transplantation (LT) is associated with poor outcomes. However, its risk factors remain unclarified. Nowadays, machine learning methods are widely used in many aspects of medical health. This study aims to develop a reliable prognostic model for ICU readmission for post-LT patients using machine learning methods. In this paper, a single center cohort ([Formula: see text]) was studied, of which 5.9% ([Formula: see text]) were readmitted to the ICU during hospitalization for LT. A retrospective review of baseline and perioperative factors possibly related to ICU readmission was performed. Three feature selection techniques were used to detect the best features influencing ICU readmission. Moreover, seven machine learning classifiers were proposed and compared to detect the risk of ICU readmission. Alanine transaminase (ALT) at hospital admission, intraoperative fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, and N-Terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) after LT were found to be essential features for ICU readmission risk prediction. And the stacking model produced the best performance, identifying patients that were readmitted to the ICU after LT at an accuracy of 97.50%, precision of 96.34%, recall of 96.32%, and F1-score of 96.32%. RBC transfusion is the most crucial feature of the stacking classification model, which produced the best performance with overall accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of 88.49%, 88.66%, 76.01%, and 81.84%, respectively.
FLEXIBLE ADAPTIVE MARINE PREDATOR ALGORITHM FOR HIGH-DIMENSION OPTIMIZATION AND APPLICATION IN WIND TURBINE FAULT DIAGNOSIS
Authors: TANG MINGZHU , YI JIABIAO , WU HUAWEI , WANG YANG , CAO CHENHUAN , LIANG ZIXIN , ZUO JIAWEN , XIONG FUQIANG
Published: April 2023

The marine predator algorithm (MPA) is the latest metaheuristic algorithm proposed in 2020, which has an outstanding merit-seeking capability, but still has the disadvantage of slow convergence and is prone to a local optimum. To tackle the above problems, this paper proposed the flexible adaptive MPA. Based on the MPA, a flexible adaptive model is proposed and applied to each of the three stages of population iteration. By introducing nine benchmark test functions and changing their dimensions, the experimental results show that the flexible adaptive MPA has faster convergence speed, more accurate convergence ability, and excellent robustness. Finally, the flexible adaptive MPA is applied to feature selection experiments. The experimental results of 10 commonly used UCI high-dimensional datasets and three wind turbine (WT) fault datasets show that the flexible adaptive MPA can effectively extract the key features of high-dimensional datasets, reduce the data dimensionality, and improve the effectiveness of the machine algorithm for WT fault diagnosis (FD).
DESIGN OF BIO-INSPIRED HEURISTIC TECHNIQUE INTEGRATED WITH SEQUENTIAL QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING FOR NONLINEAR MODEL OF PINE WILT DISEASE
Authors: SHOAIB MUHAMMAD , TABASSUM RAFIA , NISAR KOTTAKKARAN SOOPPY , RAJA MUHAMMAD ASIF ZAHOOR , SHAH FAROOQ AHMED , ALQAHTANI MOHAMMED S. , SALEEL C. AHAMED , ALMOHIY H. M.
Published: April 2023

This investigation aims to investigate the pine wilt disease model (PWDM) employing hybrid bio-inspired algorithm. The artificial neural networks-based genetic algorithm (ANNs-GA) as global search and sequential quadratic programming (SQP) serve as local search framework. The model consists of two populations, i.e. host ([Formula: see text] and vector ([Formula: see text]. There are four classes in host population representing susceptible host [Formula: see text], exposed host [Formula: see text], asymptomatic host [Formula: see text] and infectious host [Formula: see text] whereas in vector susceptible [Formula: see text] and infectious [Formula: see text] class are present. Activation function is introduced for the formulation of the fitness-based function as mean squared error by using nonlinear PWD equations for the accomplishment of ANNs-GASQP paradigm. The stability, robustness and effectiveness of proposed paradigm is comparatively evaluated through Adam numerical scheme with absolute error analysis. Computational complexity of GASQP is determined by convergence criteria of best global weight, fitness evaluation, time, generations, iterations, function counts and mean square error. Moreover, the statistical analysis is performed via Theil’s inequality coefficients (TICs), mean of absolute deviation (MAD) and root mean squared error (RMSE) for multiple trials of ANNs-GASQP. Results reveal that accuracy is obtained up to 3–11 decimal places which proves the reliability of proposed ANNs-GASQP solver.
A Connected World: System-Level Support Through Biosensors
Authors: McLamore Eric S. , Datta Shoumen P.A.
Published: April 2023

The goal of protecting the health of future generations is a blueprint for future biosensor design. Systems-level decision support requires that biosensors provide meaningful service to society. In this review, we summarize recent developments in cyber physical systems and biosensors connected with decision support. We identify key processes and practices that may guide the establishment of connections between user needs and biosensor engineering using an informatics approach. We call for data science and decision science to be formally connected with sensor science for understanding system complexity and realizing the ambition of biosensors-as-a-service. This review calls for a focus on quality of service early in the design process as a means to improve the meaningful value of a given biosensor. We close by noting that technology development, including biosensors and decision support systems, is a cautionary tale. The economics of scale govern the success, or failure, of any biosensor system.
Influence of Realistic, Cyclic Atmospheric Cycles on the Pitting Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: Montoya T. , Katona R. M. , Karasz E. K. , Taylor J. M. , Snow J. , Bryan C. R. , Kelly R. G. , Schaller R. F.
Published: April 2023

Pitting corrosion was evaluated on stainless steels 304H, 304, and 316L the surfaces of which had ASTM seawater printed on them as a function of surface roughness after exposure to an exemplar realistic atmospheric diurnal cycle for up to one year. Methods to evaluate pitting damage included optical imaging, scanning electron microscopy imaging, profilometry analysis, and polarization scans. The developed cyclic exposure environment did not significantly influence pitting morphology nor depth in comparison to prior static exposure environments. Cross-hatching was observed in a majority of pits for all material compositions with the roughest surface finish (#4 finish) and in all surface finishes for the 304H composition. Evidence is provided that cross-hatched pit morphologies are caused by slip bands produced during the grinding process for the #4 finish or by material processing. Additionally, micro-cracking was observed in pits formed on samples with the #4 surface finish and was greatly reduced or absent for pits formed on samples with smooth surface finishes. This suggests that both a low RH leading to an MgCl2-dominated environment and a rough surface containing significant residual stress are necessary for micro-cracking. Finally, the use of various characterization techniques and cross sectioning was employed to both qualitatively and quantitatively assess pitting damage across all SS compositions and surface finishes.
Elucidation of Losses in Cycling Lithium-Metal Anodes in Ether-Based Electrolytes
Authors: Marrache Roy , Mukra Tzach , Peled Emanuel
Published: April 2023

Electrified-mobility and renewable-energy markets have undergone many developments in recent years and triggered an increase in demand for power-supply improvements, especially for full-electric vehicles (EVs). Rechargeable lithium-metal batteries have been considered one of the most attractive next-generation energy-storage systems (ESS). Many Li-chemistry-based ESS such as Li–S and Li–O2 use liquid electrolyte based on ether solvents such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) with bis(-trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) as a salt. This work studied the effects of several parameters, in ether-based electrolytes, on the properties of the SEI and on capacity losses. The effects of LiNO3 additive, current density and cycle number on the total capacity loss (QTL, Qdeposition—Qdissolution), the capacity needed to repair the SEI after dissolution of lithium (QSEIrepair), two types of “dead” lithium, roundtrip coulombic efficiency and on the correlation among them, will be discussed. Elucidation of these phenomena will lead to the improvement of the lithium deposition/dissolution processes in lithium-metal rechargeable batteries. It was found that cells with 1:1 DME:DOL + 2 M LiTFSI and 0.15 M LiNO3 electrolyte composition present the best cycling performance at low current densities, whereas under higher current conditions, the cell based on 1:1 DME:DOL + 2 M LiTFSI without the LiNO3 additive, presents the best cycling performance.
Degradation Diagnosis of Li(Ni0.5Mn0.2Co0.3)O2/Li Half-cell by Identifying Physical Parameter Evolution Profile Using Impedance Spectra During Cycling
Authors: Duan Xiting , Liu Fuqiang , Agar Ertan , Jin Xinfang
Published: April 2023

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is considered as a quick and nondestructive diagnostic tool to characterize the degradation of LIBs within a short testing timeframe. In this study, to obtain the relationship between EIS spectra and cell capacity degradation, our previously reported physics-based EIS model is further utilized to interpret EIS spectra of Li-NMC(5:2:3) half-cell measured under cycling. The EIS spectra show that the polarization impedance (Rp) increases with the number of cycles under different open circuit voltages (OCVs), especially in the mid-frequency range. After interpreting EIS spectra by the physics-based model, we found that the diffusion coefficient, ionic conductivity, and cathode reaction rate at different OCVs all decrease with the number of cycles. The impedance variation caused by the change of cathode reaction rate during cycles is much more significant than that caused by the other two parameters. Furthermore, the cell capacity degradation is linearly related to the charge transfer resistance (Rct2) caused by cathode/electrolyte interface reaction rate at specific OCVs and it could serve as the indicator of cell capacity fade beyond 10 cycles.
Stable Lithium Plating in “Lithium Metal-Free” Solid-State Batteries Enabled by Seeded Lithium Nucleation
Authors: Haslam Catherine , Sakamoto Jeff
Published: April 2023

In the “Li0-free” architecture, cells are manufactured with a bare anode current collector and the Li metal anode is plated in situ during the first charging step. While this architecture has many attractive qualities from manufacturing and energy density perspectives, stable Li plating in solid-state “Li0-free” cells can be challenging. It is generally accepted that the Li overpotential affects Li homogeneity in “Li0-free” cells. We demonstrate that the nucleation overpotential for Li plating in solid-state “Li0-free” cells using commercial current collectors can be eliminated by introducing metal clusters that guide Li nucleation. Au is used as model alloying metal cluster. Here, we demonstrate stable Li plating with thickness 16.5 μm (3.3 mAh cm−2) in oxide solid-state electrolyte “Li0-free” cells enabled by Au metal clusters. It is shown that 97% of the in situ plated Li can be reversibly stripped at 60 °C and 2.5 MPa. Conversely, Au interlayers which are flat and continuous instead of clustered in morphology consistently showed short-circuiting during in situ Li plating, limiting Li electrodeposition to <0.1 mAh cm−2. These results can help guide future studies of Li nucleation and growth at solid/solid interfaces, as well as offer alternative manufacturing pathways for “Li0-free” solid-state batteries.
Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity Associated with Psychosocial Outcomes in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tilden Daniel R. , Noser Amy E. , Jaser Sarah S.
Published: April 2023

Background. Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are particularly vulnerable to poor psychosocial outcomes—high rates of diabetes distress and poor quality of life are common among this cohort. Previous work in the general population demonstrated positive associations between quality of life and increases in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), as well as decreased sedentary behavior. While survey-based assessments of young adults with T1D observed similar trends, these studies were limited by their use of subjective assessments of MVPA and sedentary behavior. The use of direct activity monitoring is needed to establish the association between psychosocial outcomes and MVPA and sedentary behavior among adolescents with T1D. Objective. To explore the association between objectively measured MVPA and sedentary behavior on psychosocial outcomes among adolescents with T1D. Subjects and Methods. The current study is a secondary analysis of baseline data collected for a pilot trial of sleep-promoting intervention for adolescents with T1D. Participants (n = 29, with a mean age of 15.9 ± 1.3 years) completed baseline surveys and wore an actigraph for a week following the baseline visit. We examined minutes per week of MVPA and proportion of awake time spent sedentary in relation to adolescents’ diabetes distress, depressive symptoms, and diabetes-related quality of life. Results. Participants engaged in a mean of 19.6 ± 22.4 minutes of MVPA per day and spent 68.6 ± 9.9% of their awake time sedentary. MVPA was associated with lower diabetes distress in unadjusted (−3.6; 95% CI: −6.4 to −0.8) and adjusted (−2.6; 95% CI: −5.0–−0.3) analyses. Sedentary time was associated with higher diabetes distress in adjusted (6.3; 95% CI: 1.3–11.2) but not unadjusted (6.0; 95% CI: −5.6–12.6) analyses. In secondary analyses, we did not observe significant associations between quality of life or depressive symptoms with either MVPA or sedentary behavior. Discussion. Our findings extend previous survey-based work demonstrating an association between decreased diabetes distress with greater weekly MVPA and lower sedentary time. The current study highlights the multifaceted benefits of physical activity in this population and provides preliminary evidence for developing interventions to reduce sedentary time as an alternative method to improve psychosocial outcomes in this at-risk population.
Culture Method-Dependent Variation in the Sensitivity of Escherichia coli to Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Mariselvam R. , Ignacimuthu S. , Ranjitsingh A. J. A. , Krishnamoorthy Rajapandiyan , Mosae Selvakumar P.
Published: April 2023

Preparation of various metal nanoparticles using plant extracts has been well studied in recent years. In this study, we found that nanoparticles synthesized using the extracts of the inflorescence of Cocos nucifera exhibited differential inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli depending on the nature of the bacterial culture source. Incorporation of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) into the nutrient broth culture of E. coli resulted in poor inhibitory activity. However, when the silver nanoparticles are added to nutrient agar plates used for culture of E. coli, effective inhibition was observed. Additionally, E. coli in broth culture resisted the inhibitory effects of Ag-NPs by forming aggregates of bacterial cells. The aggregates then generated a protective zone around the colonies to prevent the entry of Ag-NPs, and the bacterial cells multiplied without inhibition by the Ag-NPs. These differential effects of Ag-NPs on E. coli culture grown in nutrient broth and on nutrient agar plates indicated that E. coli in broth culture formed aggregates of cells to develop a biofilm for protection against toxins probably via the quorum sensing mechanism.
Contextual Factors and Programme Theories Associated with Implementing Blue Prescription Programmes: A Systematic Realist Review
Authors: Alejandre Julius Cesar , Chastin Sebastien , Irvine Katherine N. , Georgiou Michail , Khanna Preeti , Tieges Zoë , Smith Niamh , Chong Yong-Yee , Onagan Frances Claire , Price Lesley , Pfleger Sharon , Helliwell Rachel , Singleton Judith , Curran Samuel , Estandarte Allan , Smith Emily Sophia , Helwig Karin
Published: April 2023

Nature-based social prescribing such as “blue prescription” promotes public health and health improvement of individuals with long-term health conditions. However, there is limited evidence explaining the relationship of contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes of implementing blue prescription programmes (BPPs) in health and social care settings that could inform policy and practice. We conducted a systematic realist review by searching PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Scopus, MEDLINE, and CINAHL for articles published in English between January 2000 and June 2022 about health and social care professionals providing referral to or prescription of blue space activities (e.g., swimming, fishing, surfing, etc.) with health-related outcomes. Components and descriptions of BPP implementation were extracted and used to develop themes of contextual factors used to develop programme theories and a logic model demonstrating the mechanisms of BPP implementation. Sixteen studies with adequate to strong quality were included from 8,619 records. After participating in BPPs referred to or prescribed by health and social care professionals, service users had improvements in their physical, cognitive (mental), social health, and proenvironmental knowledge. Service user-related contextual factors were referral information, free equipment, transportation, social support, blue space environments, and skills of service providers. Programme-related contextual factors were communication, multistakeholder collaboration, financing, and adequate service providers. Programme theories on service user enrolment, engagement, adherence, communication protocols, and programme sustainability explain the mechanisms of BPP implementation. BPPs could promote health and wellbeing if contextual factors and programme theories associated with service users’ characteristics and programme delivery are considered in the design, delivery, and evaluation of BPPs. Our study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020170660).
Supplementary Data from Oncogenic HSP90 Facilitates Metabolic Alterations in Aggressive B-cell Lymphomas
Authors: Calvo-Vidal M. Nieves , Zamponi Nahuel , Krumsiek Jan , Stockslager Max A. , Revuelta Maria V. , Phillip Jude M. , Marullo Rossella , Tikhonova Ekaterina , Kotlov Nikita , Patel Jayeshkumar , Yang Shao Ning , Yang Lucy , Taldone Tony , Thieblemont Catherine , Leonard John P. , Martin Peter , Inghirami Giorgio , Chiosis Gabriela , Manalis Scott R. , Cerchietti Leandro
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figures
Table S3 from TGFBI Production by Macrophages Contributes to an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lecker Laura S.M. , Berlato Chiara , Maniati Eleni , Delaine-Smith Robin , Pearce Oliver M.T. , Heath Owen , Nichols Samuel J. , Trevisan Caterina , Novak Marian , McDermott Jacqueline , Brenton James D. , Cutillas Pedro R. , Rajeeve Vinothini , Hennino Ana , Drapkin Ronny , Loessner Daniela , Balkwill Frances R.
Published: April 2023

Summary of TGFBI expression and secretion by stimulated macrophages
Figure S1 from TGFBI Production by Macrophages Contributes to an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lecker Laura S.M. , Berlato Chiara , Maniati Eleni , Delaine-Smith Robin , Pearce Oliver M.T. , Heath Owen , Nichols Samuel J. , Trevisan Caterina , Novak Marian , McDermott Jacqueline , Brenton James D. , Cutillas Pedro R. , Rajeeve Vinothini , Hennino Ana , Drapkin Ronny , Loessner Daniela , Balkwill Frances R.
Published: April 2023

IHC of TGFBI and POSTN
Table S3 from A PLCB1–PI3K–AKT Signaling Axis Activates EMT to Promote Cholangiocarcinoma Progression
Authors: Liang Shuhang , Guo Hongrui , Ma Kun , Li Xianying , Wu Dehai , Wang Yiqi , Wang Wei , Zhang Shugeng , Cui Yifeng , Liu Yufeng , Sun Linmao , Zhang Bo , Xin Mengyang , Zhang Ning , Zhou Huanran , Liu Yao , Wang Jiabei , Liu Lianxin
Published: April 2023

Information of PLCB1 associated RNA binding proteins
Supplementary Data from Combinatorial CRISPR/Cas9 Screening Reveals Epistatic Networks of Interacting Tumor Suppressor Genes and Therapeutic Targets in Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Li Jinyu , Liu Zhimin , Powers Scott
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Methods, Description of supplementary table and Supplementary Figures/legends
Table S2 from A PLCB1–PI3K–AKT Signaling Axis Activates EMT to Promote Cholangiocarcinoma Progression
Authors: Liang Shuhang , Guo Hongrui , Ma Kun , Li Xianying , Wu Dehai , Wang Yiqi , Wang Wei , Zhang Shugeng , Cui Yifeng , Liu Yufeng , Sun Linmao , Zhang Bo , Xin Mengyang , Zhang Ning , Zhou Huanran , Liu Yao , Wang Jiabei , Liu Lianxin
Published: April 2023

Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with survival in CCA patients.
Supplementary Figure S1-S18 from A PLCB1–PI3K–AKT Signaling Axis Activates EMT to Promote Cholangiocarcinoma Progression
Authors: Liang Shuhang , Guo Hongrui , Ma Kun , Li Xianying , Wu Dehai , Wang Yiqi , Wang Wei , Zhang Shugeng , Cui Yifeng , Liu Yufeng , Sun Linmao , Zhang Bo , Xin Mengyang , Zhang Ning , Zhou Huanran , Liu Yao , Wang Jiabei , Liu Lianxin
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure S1-S18
Figure S8 from Specific Activation of the CD271 Intracellular Domain in Combination with Chemotherapy or Targeted Therapy Inhibits Melanoma Progression
Authors: Saltari Annalisa , Dzung Andreas , Quadri Marika , Tiso Natascia , Facchinello Nicola , Hernández-Barranco Alberto , Garcia-Silva Susana , Nogués Laura , Stoffel Corinne Isabelle , Cheng Phil F. , Turko Patrick , Eichhoff Ossia M. , Truzzi Francesca , Marconi Alessandra , Pincelli Carlo , Peinado Héctor , Dummer Reinhard , Levesque Mitchell P.
Published: April 2023

Mechanism of action AÎ²(25-35) treatment in CD271high and CD271low cells
Figure S7 from Specific Activation of the CD271 Intracellular Domain in Combination with Chemotherapy or Targeted Therapy Inhibits Melanoma Progression
Authors: Saltari Annalisa , Dzung Andreas , Quadri Marika , Tiso Natascia , Facchinello Nicola , Hernández-Barranco Alberto , Garcia-Silva Susana , Nogués Laura , Stoffel Corinne Isabelle , Cheng Phil F. , Turko Patrick , Eichhoff Ossia M. , Truzzi Francesca , Marconi Alessandra , Pincelli Carlo , Peinado Héctor , Dummer Reinhard , Levesque Mitchell P.
Published: April 2023

CD271 overexpression strongly enhances AÎ²(25-35) killing effect.
Figure S5 from Specific Activation of the CD271 Intracellular Domain in Combination with Chemotherapy or Targeted Therapy Inhibits Melanoma Progression
Authors: Saltari Annalisa , Dzung Andreas , Quadri Marika , Tiso Natascia , Facchinello Nicola , Hernández-Barranco Alberto , Garcia-Silva Susana , Nogués Laura , Stoffel Corinne Isabelle , Cheng Phil F. , Turko Patrick , Eichhoff Ossia M. , Truzzi Francesca , Marconi Alessandra , Pincelli Carlo , Peinado Héctor , Dummer Reinhard , Levesque Mitchell P.
Published: April 2023

Evaluation of caspae 3 staining after treatment with AÎ²(25-35) in mice
Data from CD73-Dependent Adenosine Signaling through Adora2b Drives Immunosuppression in Ductal Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Faraoni Erika Y. , Singh Kanchan , Chandra Vidhi , Le Roux Olivereen , Dai Yulin , Sahin Ismet , O'Brien Baylee J. , Strickland Lincoln N. , Li Le , Vucic Emily , Warner Amanda N. , Pruski Melissa , Clark Trent , Van Buren George , Thosani Nirav C. , Bynon John S. , Wray Curtis J. , Bar-Sagi Dafna , Poulsen Kyle L. , Vornik Lana A. , Savage Michelle I. , Sei Shizuko , Mohammed Altaf , Zhao Zhongming , Brown Powel H. , Mills Tingting , Eltzschig Holger K. , McAllister Florencia , Bailey-Lundberg Jennifer M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The microenvironment that surrounds pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is profoundly desmoplastic and immunosuppressive. Understanding triggers of immunosuppression during the process of pancreatic tumorigenesis would aid in establishing targets for effective prevention and therapy. Here, we interrogated differential molecular mechanisms dependent on cell of origin and subtype that promote immunosuppression during PDAC initiation and in established tumors. Transcriptomic analysis of cell-of-origin–dependent epithelial gene signatures revealed that Nt5e/CD73, a cell-surface enzyme required for extracellular adenosine generation, is one of the top 10% of genes overexpressed in murine tumors arising from the ductal pancreatic epithelium as opposed to those rising from acinar cells. These findings were confirmed by IHC and high-performance liquid chromatography. Analysis in human PDAC subtypes indicated that high Nt5e in murine ductal PDAC models overlaps with high NT5E in human PDAC squamous and basal subtypes, considered to have the highest immunosuppression and worst prognosis. Multiplex immunofluorescent analysis showed that activated CD8+ T cells in the PDAC tumor microenvironment express high levels of CD73, indicating an opportunity for immunotherapeutic targeting. Delivery of CD73 small-molecule inhibitors through various delivery routes reduced tumor development and growth in genetically engineered and syngeneic mouse models. In addition, the adenosine receptor Adora2b was a determinant of adenosine-mediated immunosuppression in PDAC. These findings highlight a molecular trigger of the immunosuppressive PDAC microenvironment elevated in the ductal cell of origin, linking biology with subtype classification, critical components for PDAC immunoprevention and personalized approaches for immunotherapeutic intervention.
Significance:
Ductal-derived pancreatic tumors have elevated epithelial and CD8+GZM+ T-cell CD73 expression that confers sensitivity to small-molecule inhibition of CD73 or Adora2b to promote CD8+ T-cell–mediated tumor regression.

See related commentary by DelGiorno, p. 977
Data from USP48 Stabilizes Gasdermin E to Promote Pyroptosis in Cancer
Authors: Ren Yidan , Feng Maoxiao , Hao Xiaodong , Liu Xiaoyan , Li Juan , Li Peilong , Gao Jie , Qi Qiuchen , Du Lutao , Wang Chuanxin , Wang Qin , Wang Yunshan
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Pyroptosis is a type of programmed cell death characterized by the activation of inflammatory caspases and the cleavage of gasdermin proteins. Pyroptosis can suppress tumor development and induce antitumor immunity, and activating pyroptosis is a potential treatment strategy for cancer. To uncover approaches to harness the anticancer effects of pyroptosis, we aimed to identify regulators of pyroptosis in cancer. A CRISPR-Cas9 screen identified that loss of USP48, a deubiquitinating enzyme, significantly inhibited cell pyroptosis. USP48 promoted pyroptosis by stabilizing gasdermin E (GSDME). USP48 bound GSDME and removed K48-linked ubiquitination at positions K120 and K189. Clinical tissue testing confirmed that the expression of USP48 positively correlated with GSDME and pyroptosis-related factors. Single-cell sequencing showed that the functions of T cells and tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment were inhibited after USP48 knockout. Finally, overexpression of USP48 enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors in tumors in mouse models. Together, these findings define a pyroptosis regulation pathway and indicate that pharmacologic activation of USP48 may provide an effective strategy to sensitize cancer cells to pyroptosis and improve response to immunotherapy.
Significance:
USP48 promotes pyroptosis by deubiquitinating GSDME and enhances antitumor immunity, indicating that increasing USP48 activity may be a future therapeutic strategy for treating cancer.
Data from Modeling High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Using a Combination of In Vivo Fallopian Tube Electroporation and CRISPR-Cas9–Mediated Genome Editing
Authors: Teng Katie , Ford Matthew J. , Harwalkar Keerthana , Li YuQi , Pacis Alain S. , Farnell David , Yamanaka Nobuko , Wang Yu-Chang , Badescu Dunarel , Ton Nu Tuyet Nhung , Ragoussis Jiannis , Huntsman David G. , Arseneau Jocelyne , Yamanaka Yojiro
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer to date. High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) accounts for most ovarian cancer cases, and it is most frequently diagnosed at advanced stages. Here, we developed a novel strategy to generate somatic ovarian cancer mouse models using a combination of in vivo electroporation and CRISPR-Cas9–mediated genome editing. Mutation of tumor suppressor genes associated with HGSOC in two different combinations (Brca1, Tp53, Pten with and without Lkb1) resulted in successfully generation of HGSOC, albeit with different latencies and pathophysiology. Implementing Cre lineage tracing in this system enabled visualization of peritoneal micrometastases in an immune-competent environment. In addition, these models displayed copy number alterations and phenotypes similar to human HGSOC. Because this strategy is flexible in selecting mutation combinations and targeting areas, it could prove highly useful for generating mouse models to advance the understanding and treatment of ovarian cancer.
Significance:
This study unveils a new strategy to generate genetic mouse models of ovarian cancer with high flexibility in selecting mutation combinations and targeting areas.
Data from Combinatorial CRISPR/Cas9 Screening Reveals Epistatic Networks of Interacting Tumor Suppressor Genes and Therapeutic Targets in Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Li Jinyu , Liu Zhimin , Powers Scott
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The majority of cancers are driven by multiple genetic alterations, but how these changes collaborate during tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. To gain mechanistic insights into tumor-promoting genetic interactions among tumor suppressor genes (TSG), we conducted combinatorial CRISPR screening coupled with single-cell transcriptomic profiling in human mammary epithelial cells. As expected, different driver gene alterations in mammary epithelial cells influenced the repertoire of tumor suppressor alterations capable of inducing tumor formation. More surprisingly, TSG interaction networks were comprised of numerous cliques—sets of three or four genes such that each TSG within the clique showed oncogenic cooperation with all other genes in the clique. Genetic interaction profiling indicated that the predominant cooperating TSGs shared overlapping functions rather than distinct or complementary functions. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of CRISPR double knockouts revealed that cooperating TSGs that synergized in promoting tumorigenesis and growth factor independence showed transcriptional epistasis, whereas noncooperating TSGs did not. These epistatic transcriptional changes, both buffering and synergistic, affected expression of oncogenic mediators and therapeutic targets, including CDK4, SRPK1, and DNMT1. Importantly, the epistatic expression alterations caused by dual inactivation of TSGs in this system, such as PTEN and TP53, were also observed in patient tumors, establishing the relevance of these findings to human breast cancer. An estimated 50% of differentially expressed genes in breast cancer are controlled by epistatic interactions. Overall, our study indicates that transcriptional epistasis is a central aspect of multigenic breast cancer progression and outlines methodologies to uncover driver gene epistatic networks in other human cancers.
Significance:
This study provides a roadmap for moving beyond discovery and development of therapeutic strategies based on single driver gene analysis to discovery based on interactions between multiple driver genes.

See related commentary by Fong et al., p. 6078