bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF PIPPALI AS VAMANOPAGA AND RASAYANA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TAMAKA SWASA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Manila M  , Sunil John Thykattil
Published: December 2024

Tamaka Swasa, commonly referred to as bronchial asthma, is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by recurrent episodes of breathlessness, wheezing, and chest tightness. In Ayurveda, it is classified as a Swasa Roga and primarily involves the vitiation of Vata and Kapha doshas. The condition is often triggered by internal imbalances of dosas and external stimuli such as allergens, seasonal changes, and stress. Ayurvedic management focuses on addressing the root cause through a holistic approach that include medicines, dietary modifications and lifestyle changes. Pippali (Piper longum) which is kapha vata samana and a rasayana has mucolytic and bronchodilator properties.It is also agni deepana and has anti-inflamatory property.Panchakarma procedures such as Vamana and Virechana help in eliminating the vitiated dosas  and reduces the frequency of occurrence.Along with this Pranayama enhance respiratory function and mental well-being.
This article is a case report on Tamaka swasa where the patient has frequent attack of swasa for the past 6 months post H1N1 infection.Patient tried conventional treatment methodologies which gave the patient temporary relief but the quality of life gradually got highly compromise.To reduce the frequency of exacerbating episodes and impart strength to the respitory organs patient opted Ayurvedic management.Here patient was advised with agnideepana,rukshana,snehapana,swedana,vamana,dhoomapana,virechana and rasayana modalities of treatment were adopted.The symptoms were assessed usingZeicester cough Questionare andSt.George Respiratory Questionare before and after the treatment.This would provide data regarding the changes in symptoms as well as quality of life.After the treatment patient showed significant improvement in the symptoms and quality of life.In addition a focal periosteal lesion which was noted in the previous HRCT was found reduced in the CT taken after the treatment. Removal of kapha from Vayumarga, by the application of Swasaroga chikitsa principle has been recognized in this case experience.
Temel Klinik Araştırma Eğitimlerinin Etkinliğinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Uysal Seçil , Tekcan Sebahat , Kurtuluş Güngör Betül , Kara Ateş
Published: December 2024

Klinik araştırmalar, yeni tedavi/yöntemlerin, aşıların, ilaçların ve tıbbi cihazların etkinlik, güvenilirlik ve yan etkilerin değerlendirilmesinin yanı sıra mevcut tedavi yöntemlerinin incelenmesi
ve geliştirilmesi amacıyla yapılmaktadır. Bir klinik araştırmanın, etik ve doğru bir şekilde yürütülmesi için klinik çalışmayı yürüten araştırmacılar ve çalışma ekibi, çalışmayla ilgili görevlerini,
temelini Helsinki Bildirgesi’nden alan iyi klinik uygulamaları kurallarına uygun şekilde yerine
getirmek için kuşkusuz ilgili yetkinliğe, eğitime ve deneyime sahip olmalıdır. Nitelikli araştırma
ekipleri yetiştirmek ve var olan ekiplerin yetkinliklerini geliştirmek hedefiyle 2022 yılında Türkiye Aşı Enstitüsü eğitim programları çerçevesinde biri çevrim içi olmak üzere, iki temel klinik araştırma eğitim programı; fiziki/yüz yüze olmak üzere üç eğitim programı düzenlenmiştir. Düzenlenen eğitimlerin niteliğini artırmak ve kalıcılığını metodolojik olarak değerlendirmek amacıyla
katılımcılara “Temel Klinik Araştırma Eğitimi Değerlendirme Anketi” yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın
neticesinde, eğitimlerin yüz yüze gerçekleştirilmesinin öğrenmenin kalıcığı açısından daha etkili
olduğu gözlenmiştir. Eğitim programlarının araştırmacı ve çalışma ekiplerinin bilgi ve becerileri düzeylerine göre farklılaştırılmasının ve klinik araştırma ile ilgili bilgileri güncel tutmak için
sürekli eğitim programları geliştirilmesinin önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Eğitim programlarının
standart bir şekilde sunulmasının, sağlık sektöründeki hizmet ve klinik araştırmaların kalitesinin
artmasına katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir.
Dijital Patoloji ve Yapay Zekâ: Gelişimi, Uygulama Örnekleri ve Gelecek Yönelimler
Authors: Çalık Nurullah , Gökcan Muhammet Taha , Topuz Yasemin , Varlı Songül
Published: December 2024

Dijital patoloji ve yapay zekâ, patoloji alanında devrim niteliğinde değişikliklere önayak olan yenilikçi teknolojilerdir. Dijital patolojinin gelişimi, mikroskobik görüntülerin yüksek çözünürlüklü
dijital formatta taranması ve arşivlenmesi ile başlamış, yapay zekâ entegrasyonuyla daha ileri
bir boyuta taşınmıştır. Yapay zekâ algoritmaları, büyük veri setlerini hızlı ve doğru bir şekilde
analiz ederek hücresel anormallikleri tanımlamada, kanser teşhisinde ve diğer patolojik bulguların otomatik sınıflandırılmasında kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmanın ana motivasyonunu, dijital
patolojide yapay zekâ modellerinin tarihsel gelişim, uygulama alanları ve gelecek yönelimleri
çerçevesinde ele alınması oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, dijital patolojinin ortaya çıkışıyla başlayan ve veri-merkezli uygulama araçlarına geçiş sürecine kadar uzanan serüven ele alınmaktadır. Dijital patolojinin tarihsel gelişimi, yapay zekâ destekli uygulama örnekleri ve bu teknolojilerin patolojik tanıya entegrasyonu çalışmada izlenen metodolojiyi açıklamaktadır. Ayrıca bu
çerçevede, dijital patoloji ve yapay zekâ kombinasyonunun tanı doğruluğu arttırılarak, patologların iş yükünü azaltma ve hasta sonuçlarını iyileştirerek sağlık hizmetlerinde köklü değişiklikler
yapma potansiyeli ile birlikte kullanım avantajları ve zorlukları ele alınmaktadır.
Assessment of Organizational Commitment Among Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ferreira Aydoğdu Ana Luiza
Published: December 2024

The recruitment and retention of qualified nurses are essential goals for healthcare institutions.
However, various challenges can compromise nurses’ commitment. The study is a cross-sectional
study conducted with 218 nurses using a sociodemographic questionnaire and an organizational commitment questionnaire and conducted through an online form. Data were analyzed using
PSPP version 1.6.2-g78a33a. The sample consisted of 83.5% female participants and 43.1% were
between the ages of 26-35. The proportion of singles in the sample was 46.8% and the proportion
of those with postgraduate (specialist) degrees was 83.5%. Most participants had only one job
(72.9%) and worked in private institutions (62.4%) in São Paulo (45.4%). The majority worked
in wards (23.4%), had 1-5 years of professional experience (45.0%), and had been at their current institution for 1-5 years (61.0%). Most participants work daytime shifts (67.0%) with a weekly
workload of 40-48 hours (58.7%). The majority of nurses (38.5%) had no intention of leaving their
jobs in the past 12 months. Most nurses showed moderate (39.4%) or high (33.9%) levels of organizational commitment. Nurses, who had only one job, worked during the day and had no intention of leaving their job in the past 12 months, had higher organizational commitment scores.
Although nurses maintain good levels of commitment even during crises, inadequate working
conditions negatively affect this commitment. Healthcare institution administrators and nurse
managers should aim to support nurses to strengthen their organizational commitment.
Evaluation of Sleep Quality in Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Çakır Mustafa , Çepni Recep , İkiışık Hatice , Maral Işıl
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between teachers’ perceived fear of the
pandemic and their sleep quality and stress levels in the COVID-19 pandemic. The research
is a descriptive study and was carried out with 218 teachers in a district of İstanbul between
February and March 2021. Questionnaire form was used in the study. The questionnaire includes Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Perceived Stress Scale, COVID-19 Fear Scale. The statistical procedures used were the Pearson Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman
correlation test. In the study, 35.3% of the participants were 30 years old and under, 41.8%
were between 31-40 years old and their average age was 35.0 ± 8.9. In the study, it was determined that 75.2% of the teachers were women, 59.6% were married, 78.9% had a bachelor’s
degree, 36.2% had a working period of five years or under, and 45.4% worked at high school. It
was determined that 45.9% of the teachers participating in the study had low sleep quality. A
strong positive correlation was determined between the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index scores
and the Perceived Stress Scale scores of the study participants. The study revealed that nearly
half of the teachers had poor sleep quality and that those with poor sleep quality had shorter
sleep times.
Is Riba Sustainable ?
Authors:   Islamic Development Bank Institute, Al-Suwailem Sami
Published: December 2024

Riba, or usury, has existed for millennia and will likely persist for many more. Does that make it “sustainable”? Is the persistence of a certain behavior or phenomenon sufficient to consider it sustainable?
Response of miRNA to treatment with Hypericum perforatum L. oil in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Dedeakayogullari Huri , Guleken Zozan , Selek Sahabettin , Dogan Nur , Yuce Busra , Teloglu Emine Seyda , Sonuc Gulreyhan , Yildiz Cagla , Tiftik Esra , Kilic Aysu , Yildizbas Beren , Bulut Zeynep Ece
Published: December 2024

MicroRNA‑regulated gene expression plays an important role in autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). This study investigated the expression patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs) in MS in brain tissues using an animal experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model treated with Hypericum perforatum (HP) oil. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into two groups: MS and control. The MS group was subdivided into sham (MS) and MS+HP. After the EAE induction treatment protocol, the patterns of miRNA expression profiles were determined in brain samples of the groups. The array data identified eleven miRNAs and candidate miRNA validation was performed by RT‑qPCR. A literature review of the validated miRNAs found that six of the eleven miRNAs (miR‑200a‑3p, miR‑200b‑3p, miR‑200c‑3p, miR‑182‑5p, miR‑183‑5p, and miR‑1298‑5p) were directly associated with MS. These miRNAs have been suggested as biomarkers of MS because they are highly correlated with the pathology of the disease. Furthermore, miRNA array analysis identified five candidate miRNAs (miR‑299a‑5p, miR‑206‑3p, miR‑325‑5p, miR‑10b‑5p, miR‑429‑3p) that are highly likely to be associated with MS pathogenesis, which could be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of MS disease. This research offers vital insights that could be utilized in creating biomarkers and advancing treatments for MS.
Direito fundamental à saúde mental e suicídio: reflexões multidisciplinares para a institucionalização de uma clínica de psicologia jurídica na Universidade Federal de Rondônia
Authors: Bueno Douglas Aparecido , Albuquerque Carolina de
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo examina o fenômeno do suicídio sob uma perspectiva multidisciplinar, incorporando aspectos da saúde mental, direitos humanos e filosofia, com o objetivo de analisar suas complexidades, identificar fatores de risco e estratégias de prevenção, bem como refletir sobre o papel da institucionalização de uma Clínica de Psicologia Jurídica na Universidade Federal de Rondônia como promotora do direito fundamental à saúde mental. A metodologia adotada inclui uma revisão integrativa da literatura e uma análise qualitativa, fundamentando-se em abordagens interdisciplinares que integram perspectivas éticas e jurídicas. Os resultados destacam a importância de uma abordagem holística e baseada em direitos, reconhecendo o suicídio como um fenômeno complexo, influenciado por fatores sociais, culturais, econômicos e psicológicos. Ressalta-se a necessidade de políticas públicas inclusivas, que promovam a saúde mental como um direito humano fundamental, eliminem o estigma e a discriminação relacionados às doenças mentais e incentivem o investimento em pesquisa interdisciplinar e práticas extensionistas, como as clínicas universitárias. Conclui-se que a institucionalização de Clínicas de Psicologia Jurídica, como a da UNIR de Cacoal, representa uma iniciativa significativa para fortalecer o acesso à saúde mental, contribuindo para a proteção da dignidade humana e a redução das taxas de suicídio, beneficiando tanto a comunidade acadêmica quanto a sociedade em geral.
Maximizing the impact of your innovation research: a guide to writing a compelling discussion section
Authors: Serra Fernando Antonio Ribeiro , Scafuto Isabel Cristina , Nassif Vânia Maria Jorge , Costa Priscila Rezende da
Published: December 2024

Introduction
The Discussion section in an academic article holds significant importance, particularly within the context of innovation research. It is in this section that authors can move beyond the presentation of results and delve into the implications of their findings for the advancement of knowledge and practice in the field. A well-crafted Discussion section not only elucidates the meaning and relevance of the research findings but also connects them to the broader body of literature, highlighting the unique contributions of the study and paving the way for future research avenues. The proper structuring of the discussion is a fundamental element for the quality and acceptance of academic articles (Ferreira, 2013; Serra, 2017).
This editorial comment aims to provide authors with practical guidance on how to effectively write a Discussion section that meets the standards of the International Journal of Innovation (IJI).  
To achieve this objective, we will first identify common pitfalls observed in Discussion sections. We will then draw on comments from experienced editors and established guidelines to offer concrete recommendations for improvement. Finally, we will present a structure for organizing the Discussion section to maximize its impact and contribution to the field of innovation research.
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SORBENT BASED ON WORN CAR TIRES FOR CLEANING WATER SURFACES FROM OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS
Authors: Kerem Shixaliyev, Fariz Amirov Kerem Shixaliyev, Fariz Amirov
Published: December 2024

In this work, we investigated the possibility of using rubber crumb obtained from the tread part of worn-out automobile tires as a sorbent for cleaning water surfaces from oil and oil products. The tread part of automobile tires is made of tread rubber based on a mixture of butadiene-styrene and divinyl rubbers (70: 30), containing 50 mass parts of carbon black.
Our studies showed that tread rubber crumb differs from crumbs of other tire rubbers in that, due to its high rigidity when crushed, it does not roll up into a roll, but has an elastic mesh structure, therefore, it has a large adsorption surface. In addition, the listed features of tread rubber made it possible to obtain non-sticky rubber crumb of 0.06-0.08 mm in size on its basis, without the use of additional materials, and to successfully use it.abstract
Keywords: rubber crumb, sorbent, water surfaces, oil and oil products, recycling, ecology.
ALTERNATİV ENERJİ SEKTORU ÜÇÜN YENİ AVADANLIQLAR
Authors: Sevinc Abasova,  Abusalam Muxtarov Sevinc Abasova,  Abusalam Muxtarov
Published: December 2024

XXI əsrin qlobal problemlərindən biri də dünyada ekoloji təhlükəsizliyin təmin edilməsidir ki, burada əsas vəzifələr iqlim dəyişikliyi, ətraf mühitin çirklənməsi, zərərli maddələrin atmosferə atılması və s. ilə mübarizə kimi təqdim edilə bilər. Bu problemlər və onlardan ortaya çıxan əsas vəzifələr 1992-ci ildən fəaliyyət göstərən İqlim Dəyişikliyi üzrə BMT Çərçivə Konvensiyasının Tərəflərinin Konfransının (COP) rəhbərliyi ilə keçirilən illik forumlarda geniş müzakirə olunur. O, Kioto Protokolunun (KP, 2012) və Paris Sazişinin (PS, 2015) müddəalarının həyata keçirilməsi üçün danışıqlar prosesinin ən yüksək orqanıdır.
Yuxarıda göstərilən problemlərin həlli üzrə fəaliyyətlər 1995-ci ildə başlanmış və əvvəlcə kiçik işçi sessiyalardan ibarət olmuşdur. Zaman keçdikcə onlar BMT və digər beynəlxalq təşkilatların himayəsi altında çağırılan ən böyük forumlardan birinə çevrildi. Bu günə kimi 28 COP (Tərəflərin Konfransı) konfransı keçirilib və bu konfransların əsas vəzifəsi insanın iqlim sisteminə təhlükəli müdaxiləsinin qarşısını almaqdır. Eyni zamanda yanacaq energi kompleksendə istifadə olunan avadanlıqlar və texniki vasitələtin istismar prosesində ətraf mühitə təsirinin qiymətləndirilməsidir.
Bu məqalədə iqlim dəyişikliyi prosesinə insan müdaxiləsinin qarşısının alınması istiqamətində Azərbaycanın rolu və yeri təhlil edilir.
Açar sözlər: Çərçivə Konvensiyası, ekoloji təhlükəsizlik, yaşıl enerji, geothermal enerji, yaşıl enerji.
NEFT-QAZ SƏNAYESİNDƏ SƏTƏM VƏ ONUN İDAREDİLMƏSİNDƏ MÜASİR YANAŞMALAR
Authors: Saməddin Qəhrəmanov, Rəsul Qəniyev Saməddin Qəhrəmanov, Rəsul Qəniyev , Nurşən Həsənova Nurşən Həsənova
Published: December 2024

Bizneslərdə Sağlamlıq, Əməyin Təhlükəsizliyi və Ətraf Mühitin Mühafizəsi (SƏTƏM) ilə bağlı risklər var. Bu risklər insanlara və ətraf mühitə zərər verə bilər. SƏTƏM üzrə mütəxəssislər, xüsusən kəşfiyyat, qazma, hasilat və s. kimi fəaliyyətlər zamanı təhlükələrin olduğu neft və qaz sənayesində işləri daha təhlükəsiz etməyə kömək edirlər. İşçilər hidrogen sulfid kimi təhlükəli qazlara məruz qala bilərlər. Hər kəsin təhlükəsizliyini təmin etmək üçün bizə üç vacib şey lazımdır: bu qazları yaxşı idarə etmək, diqqətlə planlaşdırmaq və işçilərin düzgün təlim keçməsinə əmin olmaq. Neft və qaz sənayesi işçiləri də ağciyər, dəri və digər orqanlarda problemlər yarada bilən kimyəvi maddələrin təsirindən xəstələnə bilərlər. Xüsusilə təcrübəsiz və zəif nəzarət olunan işçilər üçün ciddi xəsarət və ölüm riskləri var. İşləri daha təhlükəsiz etmək üçün biz bu riskləri tapıb anlamalı və onlara necə nəzarət edəcəyimizi və onlarla necə məşğul olacağımızı anlamalıyıq. Bu tədqiqat vacibdir, çünki o, bizə bu riskləri daha yaxşı idarə etməyi öyrənməyə kömək edir. İş yerini işçilər və ətraf mühit üçün daha təhlükəsiz etmək üçün problemlərə və həll yollarına baxır. Nəhayət, neft və qaz sənayesində SƏTƏM risklərinin idarə edilməsi təhlükəsiz və dayanıqlı enerji sektoru üçün çox vacibdir. Diqqətlə qiymətləndirmək, planlaşdırmaq və öyrətməklə, müəssisələr riskləri azalda və qəzaların qarşısını ala bilər.
Açar sözlər: risklərin idarə edilməsi, təhlükəsizlik monitorinqi, neft-qaz sənayesi.
İQLİM DƏYİŞİKLİYİ TƏDBİRLƏRİ ÇƏRÇİVƏSİNDƏ EKOLOJİ MAARİFLƏNDİRMƏNİN İSTİQAMƏTLƏRİ
Authors: Fatimə Hacıyeva Fatimə Hacıyeva
Published: December 2024

Məqalədə iqlim dəyişikliyi ilə bağlı ekoloji maarifləndirmənin əhəmiyyəti və aspektləri vurğulanır. Məktəblərdə, universitetlərdə bu məsələyə böyük diqqət yetirilməsinə ehtiyac olduğu, ekoloji biliklərə ailədən, uşaq bağçasından, hazırlıq məktəblərindən başlanmasının zərurəti qeyd edilir. İqlim təhsilində insanlarda ekoloji davranışın təşviqi, karbon emissiyalarını azaldılması və ekosistemin qorunması məsələlərinə baxılır. Həmçinin, ümumtəhsil məktəblərinin kurikulumunda ekoloji problemlərin irəli sürülməsi və bu sahələr üzrə sinifdənkənar tədbirlərin təşkilinin daxil edilməsi əsaslandırılır.
Açar sözlər: ekoloji təhsil, maarifləndirmə, iqlim dəyişikliyi, ekoloji mədəniyyyət.
Bioplastic synthesis from Water hyacinth: A step towards circular economy
Authors: Gawde Sangita , Kulkarni Pragya
Published: December 2024

Traditional plastics, derived from non-renewable fossil fuels, pose significant environmental concerns due to their non-biodegradable nature, contributing to plastic pollution and ecological harm. Bioplastics, produced from renewable biomass sources, offer a promising alternative. This study focuses on synthesizing bioplastic using potato starch as the base medium and water hyacinth as filler, exploring its potential to replace conventional plastics. Our research demonstrates the successful fabrication of bioplastic with enhanced tensile strength by 4.94%, reduced water absorption ability by 84.89%, and increased biodegradability. The incorporation of water hyacinth filler significantly improved the material's mechanical properties, while potato starch provided a biodegradable backbone. Notably, the bioplastic exhibited a remarkable increased weight loss by 45.65% under controlled biodegradation conditions, indicating its potential for easy degradation in natural environments. This novel bioplastic material offers a sustainable solution to mitigate plastic pollution, leveraging abundant biomass resources. The findings of this study contribute to the development of eco-friendly bioplastics, paving the way for their application in various industries, including packaging, agriculture, and textiles.
Usage of different modulation applications in OFDM systems and performance comparison
Authors: Sezer Özkan , Daldal Nihat , Yücedağ İbrahim
Published: December 2024

OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) systems are the most efficient use of today's radio frequency spectrum. The system is the simultaneous splitting of a signal into small signals and sending them to the receiver. It is mainly a need in high-capacity data transfer and multi-user systems. Depending on the usage purpose, the OFDM method provides a data transmission with maximum accuracy at the highest speed as long as an appropriate and high-performance modulation type is used. This study performed an FDM communication simulation primarily for multiple data transmissions over a single line. After selecting the carrier frequencies used in FDM, the necessity of the OFDM communication method is proved when considering the high quality of the communication. In the next phase, performance comparisons were made by calculating the BER (Bit error rate) value at different SNR (signal to noise ratio) and multipath fading values of the modulations used in the OFDM method. Specific variable values that the modulation type providing the highest accuracy data transmission has been determined in this study. As a result of the comparison, the best BER value at 8-way communication and 0 SNR was found at 0.28 in the BPSK modulation type. In 8-way transmission and 30 SNR measurements, the lowest BER value was 0.016. In all comparisons made among the used modulation types 'BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM', the lowest BER values were determined in the BPSK modulation type.
Some enumerations on grand Lukasiewicz paths
Authors: Yang Lin , Kang Ke , Yang Shengliang , Chen Yizhi
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the super-grand Lukasiewicz paths are defined as the lattice paths with step set, and the grand Lukasiewicz paths are such paths restricted above the x-axis. We first give a bijection between the set of grand Lukasiewicz paths of semilength n and the set of Dyck paths semilength n. Then, we enumerate the grand Lukasiewicz paths with respect to the number of horizontal steps. Furthermore, we give a bijective proof for the result that the number of horizontal steps in grand Lukasiewicz paths of semilength n is the number super-grand Lukasiewicz paths from (0,0) to (2n-1,1).
Study on the Detection Model of Cigarettes' Dense-end Position Based on Density Probability Distribution
Authors: Ying Wei , Jin Chunshan , Zhu Zengxu , Yu Xuqin , Lou Feng , Zhang Lihong , Wang Jianwei
Published: December 2024

The density distribution of cigarettes was analyzed in order to improve the detection precision of cigarettes' dense-end position. The distribution pattern of the density under the ideal production condition was combined, and a dense-end position detection model was constructed. The model parameters were determined on the basis of data optimization. The model was validated by MW-T and cigarettes. We got conclusions as below. 1) For the measurement of dense-end with the Dense-end Position Standard Parts, the average error of the measurement was 0.1646 mm and the maximum error was -0.2735 mm. 2) The average error between the measured value of the dense-end position with ordinary cigarettes and that of the MW4420 was 0.79 mm, which meets the actual production demand (≤1 mm). The model has high accuracy and good reliability, and can provide a favorable technical support for the dense-end position detection of cigarettes. It is helpful to improve the level of quality control in cigarette production, and inject the new vigor for the sustainable development of cigarette industry.
Urban Subway Space Public Art Design Exploration — Taking Luoyang Metro Line 1 as an Example
Authors: Shang Jiaoyang , Mustaffa Halabi Khairun Nisa
Published: December 2024

Subway spaces have increasingly become a vital medium for showcasing urban culture, city image, and urban charm. The evolution of public art design in subway spaces has not only propelled the role of subways beyond that of mere transportation tools but also, through the long-term influence of art, has nurtured urban construction and development. This paper takes Luoyang Metro Line 1 as a case study, analyzes the current state of public art design in the subway space based on field investigations, and combines the results of these analyses for a systematic summary and in-depth reflection on the design of public art in subway spaces.
Review and prospect of research on equalization of basic public sports services
Authors: Gu Jian
Published: December 2024

Advancing the equalization of basic public sports services is an essential component in the construction of a modern socialist sports powerhouse. Extensive research has been conducted by the sports community, yielding abundant outcomes. Employing research methodologies such as literature review and logical analysis, this study organizes the relevant research findings from China over the past decade across four dimensions: the construction of an evaluation system for the equalization of basic public sports services, status analysis, dissection of influencing factors, and exploration of implementation pathways. It is observed that the existing research has shortcomings characterized by a predominance of quantitative analysis with service effect evaluation as a secondary aspect, and a focus on geographical disparities with population disparities as a secondary consideration. Consequently, future research should adopt a human-centered approach, emphasizing service outcomes, and uphold the principle of basic fairness, paying attention to disparities among different population groups.
Insights from the ledgers of merit and demerit - indoctrination and marriage in ancient China
Authors: Huang Jinghao
Published: December 2024

Marriage assumes the responsibility of human survival and reproduction by means of indoctrination. In the pre-Qin period, taboo indoctrination in marriage became a guarantee for the basis of human survival, and gradually became a general, institutionalized social norm widely recognized and accepted by the people. In the course of history, the concept of chastity became an important factor in the changing status of women. Regarding the formation of the concept of “chastity”, the mainstream viewpoints of the current academic circles are the Western Zhou and the Warring States. In fact, however, the concept of chastity for women was already mentioned in the Spring and Autumn period in the records of the Zuo Zhuan.
Research on Value Guidance and Practical Pathways for Constructing the Professional Culture of Teachers
Authors: Fei Wen , Qian Jianrong
Published: December 2024

As knowledge disseminators and moral guides, the shaping of the teacher's professional culture not only concerns the growth and development of teachers themselves, but also directly affects the formation of students' values and the future outlook of society. Value guidance, as the core of the teacher's professional culture construction, aims to guide teachers to form a positive and dedicated professional spirit through the integration of a series of concepts and practices. This study aims to deeply explore the issue of value guidance in the construction of teacher professional culture, providing powerful theoretical support and practical guidance for building a more positive and meaningful teacher professional culture.
EXOSKELETONS IN REDUCING PHYSICAL STRAIN ON FIREFIGHTERS. OUTLINE OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Zagórska Aleksandra Kamila
Published: December 2024

Given the growing demands placed on firefighters during rescue operations, there is a growing needto explore modern technologies that could support their work. One promising solution in this field isthe use of exoskeletons, biomechanical devices that reduce the physical load on the wearer.The aim of this research was to outline the current state of knowledge on reducing the physicalload of firefighters through the use of exoskeletons and to identify prospective directions for thecontinuation of this research. This paper sought to provide a comprehensive overview of theexisting literature on the worldwide use of exoskeletons in the fire service, emphasising theirpotential impact on reducing the physical burden faced by firefighters. The focus was on designissues, principles of operation and conclusions regarding their practical application. Particularattention was paid to analyses of potential health benefits, such as reduced musculoskeletal loadand improved ergonomics.The study outlined a picture of the current state of knowledge on exoskeletons, as well as indicateddirections for further research and development of technologies to assist firefighters during rescueoperations.
ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY OF SALT SAMPLES WITH REDUCED SODIUM CONTENT
Authors: ŁUKASZEK ANETA , Podleśna Anna , Stawarz Olga , Rachwał Marzena , Drzymała Tomasz
Published: December 2024

Poles are the leaders in Europe in terms of the amount of salt consumed per day. Table salt is themost frequently used spice and is essential for the proper functioning of the body. However, itsexcessive consumption may have adverse effects on human health. The Word Health Organization(WHO) informs that the leading cause of premature deaths in the European region of WHO is thecardiovascular disease. This is why medicine is increasingly recommending the use of low-sodiumsalt, which contains a reduced content of sodium and an increased content of potassium becauseit is essential for the proper functioning of the brain, cells and for proper work of muscles. Thereis no information in the literature on the concentration of natural radioactive isotopes presentin sodium-reduced salts used as a substitute for table salt. Therefore the aim of this study wasestablishing the concentration of natural radioactive isotopes in salt samples with low sodiumcontent available in retail sale on the Polish market and widely used in Polish households. Inthese salt samples analysed was the concentration of natural radioactive isotopes like radium,thorium and potassium with use of Mazar type gamma radiation spectrometer connected witha scintillation probe NaI (Tl). Concentration of 226Ra and 232Th isotopes in the tested salt sampleswith reduced sodium content amounted to below the background level of determination, and the40K content was within the limits 3386–5794 Bq∙kg-1. Additionally on the basis of the establishedconcentration of natural radioactive isotopes, the annual loading effective dose was calculated forwomen and men classified to the group of adults from the point of view radiological protection.The effective dose limit of 1 mSv∙y-1 was not exceeded for any test subject consuming reducedsodium salts.. The obtained results were compared with reported data from other countriesavailable in the literature.
MULTIDIRECTIONAL USE OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES IN THE AREA OF SAFETY
Authors: Kuta Łukasz Adrian , Dancewicz Kalina , Bryl Anna , Solarewicz Kaja , Jerzyński Sebastian , Walaszczyk Mariola , Tomaszewska Alicja , Filipecka Natalia
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a wide range of possibilities for the use of drones in terms of human safety, theenvironment and technical facilities. In accordance with the concept of the paper, these areas aredivided into four main sources of hazards and in each of these cases the possibilities of using anunmanned aircraft are presented. Hazards caused by flooding, the environment, a fire and thoseoccurring on construction sites are subject to analysis. The main aim of the paper was to markareas of hazard using a grid superimposed on a map of an area by a specialised drone camera.Based on this information, it is possible to define a risk map of hazards to people and property.In the case of flooding, the depth of the river spillway was determined according to the width ofthe river channel, in this case affecting the safety of residents of a town. For the environmentalaspect, the surface area of a water table and its depth in the area of fields, meadows and pastureswere determined. This is also important from the agricultural point of view, including determiningthe extent of crop damage. In the case of a fire, the use of a drone enabled the assessment ofthe damaged surface of a building as a result of high temperatures, including the construction ofa situation plan related to the assessment of the building’s structure in the context of its continueduse. The final area is the safety of a construction site. Here, in turn, an important objective was tomap the occupational risks for those working there and, in particular, to identify the sources ofdangerous, harmful and nuisance factors. All of the diagrams presented confirmed the widespreaduse of UAVs in the diagnosis of occupational safety levels. With this technology, it is easier todiagnose sources of hazards and develop preventive measures.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE HYDROGEN ECONOMY IN POLAND AND THE EUROPEAN UNION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF EMISSION NEUTRALITY AT A TIME OF ENERGY CRISIS
Authors: Cygańczuk Krzysztof , Roguski Jacek
Published: December 2024

The armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine has caused an accelerated energy transformationin the countries of the European Union. That has happened not only because of the Russian fossilfuel embargo but, more importantly, the reorientation of fossil fuel export rules and, thanks tothe common policy of NATO and EU member states, the imposition of multiple sanctions onthe Russian economy, which appear to be the most effective way to cut off the aggressor from thefunds necessary to finance equipment and weapons. As of August 2022, coal from Russia cannotbe imported to the European Union; the embargo on energy carriers is part of the sanctions withwhich the EU wants to persuade Russia to end the war with Ukraine.This article attempts to present issues related to the search for alternatives to fossil fuels in allsectors of the economy. The direction of the search is to choose “green energy”, i.e. hydrogen,which, due to its potential broad application, is already starting to be treated as an instrumentof emission neutrality. A significant number of EU countries have decided to achieve emissionneutrality by 2050, which means the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by approximately95% as compared to the baseline year of 1990. Achieving carbon emission neutrality, however,will oblige the EU countries involved in the project to be highly technologically advancedin eliminating emissions not only in the electricity sector, but also in other sectors (includingindustry, transport and heating sectors). These areas still function thanks to fossil fuel emissions(coal, oil and natural gas), the direct substitution of which by electricity from RES is impossible,for which reason Poland, as well as the rest of the European Union, is looking for alternatives tofossil fuels in all sectors of the economy.The Secretary-General of the United Nations, Antonio Guterres (publication of March 23,2022) stated that it would be folly to undo now (during a time of war and sanctions againstRussia) all previous efforts to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and appealed to accelerate theimplementation of technologies and policies necessary for the transition to low-emission energysystems (Walewska, 2022). This view, of course, first of all concerns the end of hostilities in Ukraineand the withdrawal of Russian troops and the implementation of the climate package agreed in Glasgow, at the UN COP26 climate conference, which took place from October 31 to November 13, 2021 (https://ukcop26.org/).
HYBRID AND ASYMMETRIC WARFARE – TANGIBLE THREAT TO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Słowik Anna
Published: December 2024

This article presents the ideology and goals underlying asymmetric and hybridwarfare. The author analyses international law provisions, which apply to theaggressor state and the victim state in this type of conflicts. The article also presentstools for conducting hybrid and asymmetric warfare and determines the benefitsthat aggressor states derive from this type of actions. The author indicates how thestate should react in response to hybrid and asymmetric attacks, what measuresto use and what preventive actions to take in order to avoid being attacked inthe future. Thanks to the analysis of numerous international documents andstate defence reports, it is possible to determine the goals, threats, tools andcounteracting of hybrid and asymmetric warfare.
SUBJECTIVITY AND OBJECTIVITY IN RESCUE OPERATIONS
Authors: Kalinowski Romuald
Published: December 2024

Subjectivity is an expression of a specific way of regulating human relations/relationships with theenvironment. However, its perception varies. This stems from the individual characteristics of eachperson and their commitment to their own safety.In each case, however, a person formulates a goal or direction of his/her own action, an actionplan, and acts or tries to act based on specific values and standards. Human subjectivity in thiscontext is a psychological phenomenon of an evaluative and ethical nature. It is related to a humanbeing (entity), a being that has the special privilege of having the appropriate social, legal andethical rights and status.
REASONS FOR SUSPENDING A FIREFIGHTER FROM HIS DUTIES – LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Witczak Damian , Witczak Anna
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the grounds that may lead to the suspension of a firefighter from performingofficial duties, with particular emphasis on obligatory and optional grounds. The purpose of thepublication is to indicate in what situations a disciplinary superior is obliged to obligatorily suspenda firefighter, and when he has the opportunity to make such a decision on an optional basis. Thework aims to provide analytical tools to support superiors in making decisions in accordance withapplicable legal regulations.The study uses the method of legal analysis, focusing on the interpretation of regulations and theirpractical application. It was hypothesized that a clear definition of the grounds for suspendinga firefighter is crucial for the consistent application of the law and improvement of human resourcesmanagement practices in uniformed services. The publication is intended to fill the research gap inthe analysis of the legal basis for suspending firefighters from their duties.
An unusual clinical presentation of nontraumatic myositis ossificans: Leg length discrepancy
Authors: Şirin Akif , Sarıfakıoğlu Banu , Ustaömer Kübra , Yılmaz Ertan
Published: December 2024

Functional leg length discrepancy results from soft tissue tightness or weakness across any joint in the lower extremity or spine. Herein, we present a 23-year-old female patient with leg length discrepancy due to a nontraumatic myositis ossificans (MO). Interpretation of the imaging findings is quite decisive in diagnosing soft tissue pathologies. It is particularly valid for MO to differentiate from other malignant or infectious lesions. There is no consensus on the treatment of nontraumatic MO. Although there are studies stating the contrary, surgical interventions should be considered as second option for patients who failed with nonsurgical treatments such as physical therapy.
Noninvasive neuromodulatory effect on cognition in individuals with traumatic brain injury: A single-blinded, two-arm parallel randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kaushik Kavita , Sharma Nidhi , Kumar Parveen , Kaur Simranjeet , Kapoor Gaurav , Gehlot Ajay
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The study aimed to compare the effect of cranial electrical stimulation (CES) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in improving cognition among individuals with mild traumatic brain injury.

Patients and methods: The pretest-posttest randomized controlled study was conducted between November 2020 and March 2022. Seventy-two patients (64 males, 8 females; mean age: 40.5±9.5 years; range, 18 to 45 years) experiencing cognitive impairment within three months of traumatic brain injury were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: Group 1 (CES with cognitive training, n=36) and Group 2 (tDCS with cognitive training, n=36). Participants were blinded in the study. Both groups received 30-min sessions of neuromodulation along with 30 min of cognitive training five days a week for four weeks. The patients were assessed at baseline and at the end of two and four weeks of intervention. The primary outcome measure was the Montreal Cognition Assessment (MoCA), and the secondary outcome measure was the Galveston Orientation Amnesia Test (GOAT).

Results: Demographic and baseline characteristics depicted normal distribution for both groups (p>0.05). Within group analyses of both groups demonstrated significant differences for both outcome measures (MoCA: p=0.001; GOAT: p=0.001). Between group analyses of MoCA showed significant improvement with p-value of 0.001 while GOAT exhibited p-value of 0.002 showing significant difference between the two groups. Time group interaction effect and covariance analyses depicted significant improvement with p-value of 0.001 for both outcome measures with excellent effect size >0.80.

Conclusion: Cranial electrical stimulation was a more effective noninvasive neuromodulatory device than tDCS in improving cognition among individuals with traumatic brain injury.
Does fear of activity predict exercise capacity in patients with coronary artery disease in both sexes? A cross-sectional multicenter study
Authors: Demirsoy Nesrin , Özyemisci Taşkıran Özden , Atan Tuğba , Durmuş Dilek , Sonel Tur Birkan , Fındıkoğlu Gülin , Güzel Rengin , Üzümcügil Hale , Ekşioğlu Emel , Sarıkaya Selda , Soyupek Feray , Figen Ayhan Fikriye , Demirbağ Kabayel Derya , Özdemir Hande , Doğan Duran Ümmügülsüm , Aydemir Koray , Karaahmet Özgür , Sütbeyaz Serap , Kurtaiş Aytür Yeşim , Dülgeroğlu Deniz
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to identify whether fear of activity predicts exercise capacity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and whether there is a difference between sexes regarding this relationship.

Patients and methods: One hundred ninety-seven patients (145 males, 52 females; mean age: 56.3±10.8 years; range, 22 to 80 years) with a diagnosis of CAD or cardiac event in the previous one to 60 months were enrolled in this cross-sectional multicenter study between November 2015 and February 2017. Demographic and clinical features were recorded. Fear of activity was assessed by the fear of activity scale in patients with CAD (FactCAD). A 6-min walk test was used to assess exercise capacity.

Results: Female participants were older, less educated, and less employed (p=0.045, p=0.048, and p<0.001, respectively) than males. Prevalence of myocardial infarction was higher in males. Comorbidities were higher in females. Multiple linear regression predicted 6-min walk distance (6MWD) based on FactCAD, sex, and education level with an r-squared of 0.321 (p<0.001). Fear of activity had an effect on walking distance in males (each additional score of FactCAD predicts a decrease of 1.3 m in 6MWD), together with disease duration, presence of chronic pulmonary disease, and low back pain, whereas fear of activity was not a predicting factor on walking distance in females. Age, education, and presence of angina predicted 6MWD in females.

Conclusion: This study emphasizes that fear of activity is one of the predictors of 6MWD in males with CAD, and its assessment is recommended as a possible barrier to rehabilitation.
Characterization of Natural Resources in the Narmada Canal Project Area of Rajasthan for their Management under Canal Command Irrigation
Authors: Kumar Mahesh , Priyabrata Santra  , P. C. Moharana  , Nav Raten Panwar  , R K Goyal  , C B Pandey
Published: December 2024

A systematic investigation was undertaken to assess the state of natural resources i.e. soils, landform, and water in response to continuous canal irrigation in the Narmada Canal Project area in two arid districts of arid Rajasthan. Soils in the NCP area in Rajasthan were found very deep, slightly to strongly alkaline in reaction (pH 7.62 to 9.98), sandy to silty loam in texture at surface and loamy sand to sandy loam in texture at the subsurface. Five soil series were characterized and mapped in the course of the investigation. Four soil series belonged to the aeolian plains covering 74% area of NCP and these are Sanchore, Dhorimana, Chohtan and Dune complex whereas one soil series i.e. Chitalwana was identified belonging to alluvial plains covering 10% area of NCP. Organic carbon content ranged from 0.03 to 0.42% in the surface soils with a decreasing trend along the depth. Available N, P and K content in surface soils ranged from 61.9 to 191.0 kg ha-1, 1.41 to 47.84 kg ha-1 and 56.25 to 652.50 kg ha-1, respectively. Similarly, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu ranged from 0.85 to 13.46 mg kg-1, 1.72 to 14.55 mg kg-1, 0.08 to 2.40 mg kg-1 and 0.02 to 1.38 mg kg-1, respectively. Based on visual interpretation of satellite images and subsequent ground truthing, ten types of landforms have been characterized in the area, which have been categorised under fluvial, aeolian and coastal kinds. Among the landforms of fluvial origin, alluvial plains occur in about 37% of total area under NCP and have been further mapped as younger and older alluvial plain types. Analysis of groundwater in the NCP area of Rajasthan revealed medium sodicity of groundwater with the value of sodium adsorption ratio ranging from 0.15 to 36.31. The residual sodium carbonate of groundwater ranged from almost nil to 5.7 me L-1 with a mean value of 1.1 me L-1. Among the cations and anions, Na+ and Cl- are the dominant ions and their concentrations ranged from 0.27 to 95.50 me L-1 and 1.40 to 92.40 me L-1, respectively. Benchmark characterization of these soil and water resources will help in future assessment and best management of natural resources specifically in canal command area located in arid landscape.
GAMES IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A GAME PROPOSAL ON PRODUCTION ENGINEERING CONCEPTS USING A COGNITIVE TEACHING-LEARNING APPROACH
Authors: Notarjacomo Márcia Helena Borges , Dos Anjos Fernando Elemar Vicente
Published: December 2024

The general objective of this article is to propose a game to apply teaching-learning concepts of production engineering to higher education students. This proposal addresses concepts of takt-time, production costs, and layout organization and supports a more dynamic and interactive learning process. This work is justified because it is based on constructing a cognitive teaching-learning environment for students with interactive visualization of academic concepts and the world of work.