bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Light Adaptation of Retinal Rod Bipolar Cells
Authors: Griffis Khris G. , Fehlhaber Katherine E. , Rieke Fred , Sampath Alapakkam P.
Published: May 2023

The sensitivity of retinal cells is altered in background light to optimize the detection of contrast. For scotopic (rod) vision, substantial adaptation occurs in the first two cells, the rods and rod bipolar cells (RBCs), through sensitivity adjustments in rods and postsynaptic modulation of the transduction cascade in RBCs. To study the mechanisms mediating these components of adaptation, we made whole-cell, voltage-clamp recordings from retinal slices of mice from both sexes. Adaptation was assessed by fitting the Hill equation to response-intensity relationships with the parameters of half-maximal response (I1/2), Hill coefficient (n), and maximum response amplitude (Rmax). We show that rod sensitivity decreases in backgrounds according to the Weber–Fechner relation with anI1/2of ∼50 R* s−1. The sensitivity of RBCs follows a near-identical function, indicating that changes in RBC sensitivity in backgrounds bright enough to adapt the rods are mostly derived from the rods themselves. Backgrounds too dim to adapt the rods can however altern, relieving a synaptic nonlinearity likely through entry of Ca2+into the RBCs. There is also a surprising decrease ofRmax, indicating that a step in RBC synaptic transduction is desensitized or that the transduction channels became reluctant to open. This effect is greatly reduced after dialysis of BAPTA at a membrane potential of +50 mV to impede Ca2+entry. Thus the effects of background illumination in RBCs are in part the result of processes intrinsic to the photoreceptors and in part derive from additional Ca2+-dependent processes at the first synapse of vision.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLight adaptation adjusts the sensitivity of vision as ambient illumination changes. Adaptation for scotopic (rod) vision is known to occur partly in the rods and partly in the rest of the retina from presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms. We recorded light responses of rods and rod bipolar cells to identify different components of adaptation and study their mechanisms. We show that bipolar-cell sensitivity largely follows adaptation of the rods but that light too dim to adapt the rods produces a linearization of the bipolar-cell response and a surprising decrease in maximum response amplitude, both mediated by a change in intracellular Ca2+. These findings provide a new understanding of how the retina responds to changing illumination.
Elevated Galectin-3 Is Associated with Aging, Multiple Sclerosis, and Oxidized Phosphatidylcholine-Induced Neurodegeneration
Authors: Xue Sara , Lozinski Brian M. , Ghorbani Samira , Ta Khanh , D'Mello Charlotte , Yong V. Wee , Dong Yifei
Published: May 2023

Aging is a significant risk factor associated with the progression of CNS neurodegenerative diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). Microglia, the resident macrophages of the CNS parenchyma, are a major population of immune cells that accumulate in MS lesions. While they normally regulate tissue homeostasis and facilitate the clearance of neurotoxic molecules including oxidized phosphatidylcholines (OxPCs), their transcriptome and neuroprotective functions are reprogrammed by aging. Thus, determining the factors that instigate aging associated microglia dysfunction can lead to new insights for promoting CNS repair and for halting MS disease progression. Through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), we identifiedLgals3, which encodes for galectin-3 (Gal3), as an age upregulated gene by microglia responding to OxPC. Consistently, excess Gal3 accumulated in OxPC and lysolecithin-induced focal spinal cord white matter (SCWM) lesions of middle-aged mice compared with young mice. Gal3 was also elevated in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) lesions and more importantly in MS brain lesions from two male and one female individuals. While Gal3 delivery alone into the mouse spinal cord did not induce damage, its co-delivery with OxPC increased cleaved caspase 3 and IL-1β within white matter lesions and exacerbated OxPC-induced injury. Conversely, OxPC-mediated neurodegeneration was reduced in Gal3−/−mice compared with Gal3+/+mice. Thus, Gal3 is associated with increased neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration and its overexpression by microglia/macrophages may be detrimental for lesions within the aging CNS.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAging accelerates the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Understanding the molecular mechanisms of aging that increases the susceptibility of the CNS to damage could lead to new strategies to manage MS progression. Here, we highlight that microglia/macrophage-associated galectin-3 (Gal3) was upregulated with age exacerbated neurodegeneration in the mouse spinal cord white matter (SCWM) and in MS lesions. More importantly, co-injection of Gal3 with oxidized phosphatidylcholines (OxPCs), which are neurotoxic lipids found in MS lesions, caused greater neurodegeneration compared with injection of OxPC alone, whereas genetic loss of Gal3 reduced OxPC damage. These results demonstrate that Gal3 overexpression is detrimental to CNS lesions and suggest its deposition in MS lesions may contribute to neurodegeneration.
TRPM4 contribution in mouse uterine contractions
Authors: Fouchet Alexandre , Bangando Harlyne Mpweme , Aize Margaux , Simard Christophe , Guinamard Romain
Published: May 2023

In brief

Inappropriate uterine contractions are a matter of concern during pregnancy or menses. We identified the transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) ion channel as a new actor in mouse uterine contractions highlighting this protein as a potential pharmacological target for a better control of myometrial activity.

Control of uterine contractions is of interest in the context of inappropriate myometrial activity during pregnancy and at time of delivery, but it is also a matter for menstrual pain. While several molecular determinants of myometrial contractions have been described, the complete distribution of roles to the various actors is far from understood. A key phenomenon is a variation in cytoplasmic Ca2+ which leads to the activation of calmodulin in smooth muscle and also in the phosphorylation of myosin allowing contraction. The Ca2+ – TRPM4 channel which is known to modulate Ca2+– fluxes in several cell types was shown to participate in vascular as well as detrusor muscle contraction. We thus designed a study to determine whether it also participates in myometrial contraction. Uterine rings were isolated from Trpm4+/+ and Trpm4−/− non-pregnant adult mice and contractions were recorded using an isometric force transducer. In basal conditions, spontaneous contractions were similar in both groups. Application of 9-phenanthrol, a pharmacological TRPM4 inhibitor, dose-dependently reduced contraction parameters in Trpm4+/+ rings with an IC50 around 2.10−6 mol/L. The effect of 9-phenanthrol was significantly reduced in Trpm4−/− rings. The effect of oxytocin was tested and was found to be stronger in Trpm4+/+ rings compared to Trpm4−/−. Under a constant stimulation by oxytocin, 9-phenanthrol still reduced contraction parameters in Trpm4+/+ rings with a smaller effect on Trpm4−/−. Altogether it indicates that TRPM4 participates in uterine contractions in mice and may thus be evaluated as a new target to control such contractions.
Fish sperm cryopreservation using biodegradable containers: New low-cost and environment-friendly methodology
Authors: de Souza França Thales , Gomes Itamar Cossina , Sanches Eduardo Antônio , Pérez Atehortúa Maritza , dos Santos Teixeira Nathalia , Batista Rodrigues Rômulo , de Freitas Thaiza Rodrigues , Lisbôa Benato Jhony , Santos Marques Lis , Regina Seabra de Souza Ana , Pedro Streit Danilo
Published: May 2023

In brief

The containers used in cell cryopreservation are essential to maintain cell integrity and viability after thawing. This paper reveals the methodology of using biodegradable containers for fish sperm cryopreservation. Cryopreserved sperm in biodegradable containers showed high fertility capability. Biodegradable capsules could be alternative containers to plastic straws for sperm cryopreservation.

Containers used to cryopreserve sperm are made with non-biodegradable plastic compounds, having a high monetary and environmental cost. Therefore, the development of biodegradable alternative containers for cell cryopreservation is necessary. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of hard-gelatin and hard-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) capsules as low-cost and biodegradable alternative containers for sperm cryopreservation. Sperm from 12South American silver catfish Rhamdia quelen were individually cryopreserved in plastic straws 0.25 mL (as control), hard-gelatin, and hard-HPMC capsules. The quality of post-thaw sperm cryopreserved in the different containers was checked by measuring spermatozoa membrane integrity, kinetic parameters, mitochondrial activity, fertilization, hatching, and normal larvae rates. The samples cryopreserved in straws showed a higher percentage of membrane integrity (68%) than those frozen in hard-gelatin (40%) and hard-HPMC capsules (40%). However, we did not observe differences between the samples stored in straws and hard capsules for the rest of the tested sperm parameters. Thus, based on the high sperm fertility capability, both capsules were efficient as cryopreservation containers for maintaining sperm functionality.
Yoga Can Help You Practice and Teach Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: Pastrana Chris , Tribble Curt
Published: May 2023

Those who practice, and teach, thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and those who are training in this realm, as well as in many other disciplines, often endure debilitating physical stress and strain as a result of their practices. [Bishop, 2023] Despite the attention paid to issues such as proper adjustments for loupe magnification, optimal footwear, attention to 'micro-breaks', and paying attention to the ergonomics of performing long and intense operations, many surgeons still suffer discomfort and debility, and, even, disability. [Dalagher, 2019, Epstein, 2018, Alleblas, 2017, Giagio, 2019, Norasi, 2021] Dealing with those challenges should include what those practitioners can do outside of the operating room to increase their comfort and resilience, as well as what can be done in the operating room. One approach to dealing with these issues is to utilize the lessons and benefits of yoga. [Tribble, 2016]
Sunrise Over Baltimore
Authors: Nichols David G.
Published: May 2023

This address calls for eliminating health care disparities and was delivered for the inaugural David G. Nichols Health Equity award at the 2022 Pediatric Academic Societies meeting.

As I contemplate the meaning of this award, I am the first to recognize that it is much larger than the current and future recipients and carries far more significance than the person after whom it is being named. This award represents our shared commitment to advancing the health of all children, which cannot be done unless it is done equitably, as called for by the National Academy of Medicine over 2 decades ago.1 I share my journey toward equity and eliminating health care disparities for children with the hope that it will encourage others.
Dynamics of 17β-estradiol under influence of technological operations during production of dairy products
Authors: Kochetova H. S. , Kukhtyn M. D. , Salata V. Z. , Horiuk Y. V. , Kladnytska L. V. , Matviishyn T. S.
Published: May 2023

Safety of milk can decline because of high concentrations of steroid hormones like 17β-estradiol, which is associated with the development of some oncological diseases and reproductive disorders. We studied the effects of thermal processing of raw milk and technologies of production of butter and yogurt on the concentration of 17β-estradiol. For this purpose, we determined the amount of 17β-estradiol in raw milk, after pasteurization under different regimes, boiling and during the production of butter and yogurt. Content of 17β-estradiol was determined using the method of immunoenzymatic analysis. We determined that low-temperature processing of milk at the temperature of 77.0 ± 1.0 °С for 1 min caused no changes in the structure of the estrogenic hormone 17β-estradiol, resulting in practically no changes in its amount in pasteurized milk. We determined that 17β-estradiol in milk is a temperature-stable hormone with no tendencies towards significant decrease when subject to high-temperature processing (85.0 ± 1.0 °С for 1 min) and during boiling, because the amount of the hormone decreased on average by 5%. Therefore, we may state that after pasteurization or sterilization, the concentration of 17β-estradiol in drinkable milk would not be significantly different from its initial amount in raw milk. We determined significant increase in 17β-estradiol in butter (3896.1 ± 67.5 pg/g), as compared with the concentration in raw milk (189.4 ± 12.5 pg/mL), and its insignificant content in buttermilk was insignificant (29.3 ± 1.8 pg/mL). The concentration of 17β-estradiol in milk decreased by 25% during 9-month storage at the temperature of –18 °С and by 20% at the temperature of –9 °С. This process can be applied to butter made from milk of cows at late stages of lactation, which contains high level of estrogen. We determined that the steroid hormone 17β-estradiol did not break down under the influence of dairy acid that accumulates as a result of lactic acid fermentation, both with the participation of mixed microflora of raw milk and pure lactic-acid bacteria of fermentation starter for yogurt. The prospects of the studies are the development of a safe maximum allowable level of 17β-estradiol in raw milk and methodological evaluation at a milk-processing factory.
The effect of GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanocrystals on the intercellular adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro
Authors: Kot Y. H. , Kot K. V. , Kavok N. S. , Klochkov V. K.
Published: May 2023

Adult stem cells, such as MSCs, spontaneously differentiate in vitro. This makes it difficult both to study this important cell type and to grow large numbers of MSCs for clinical use. While conventional cell cultivation methods cannot cope with this problem, nanostructured materials science offers hope. The effect of small-sized spherical nanoparticles based on orthovanadates of rare-earth elements activated by europium (GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles, diameter 1–2 nm) on cell-cell adhesion of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs) in vitro was studied using electrophoretic separation of proteins, immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Our study revealed that rBM-MSCs treated with small-sized GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles had a significant impairment of intercellular adhesion in vitro. The pre-incubation of mesenchymal stem cells of rat bone marrow with GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanocrystals at a non-toxic concentration of 0.5 µg/mL during 1 hour of cultivation did not lead to significant changes in cell monolayer, the number of cells and the area of cell bodies did not change. However, the density of the monolayer and the area of the cell field decreased after the incubation. The incubation of cells with nanoparticles led to an increase in the area of the intercellular gate – a location of disruption of cell adhesion, compared to cells without nanoparticles in culture medium. The pre-incubation of rBM-MSCs with nanocrystals caused no changes in the content of total cadherins in the plasma membrane; a decrease in the content of cytoplasmic calreticulin and an increase in the content of surface calreticulin; a decrease in the content of free calcium in the cytoplasm, and an increase in protein-bound intercellular calcium and calcium in the extracellular space. The colocalization analysis revealed that the colocalization of calreticulins with cadherins on the outer surface of the plasma membrane of cells significantly increased after the incubation with GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanocrystals. The paper proposes a possible mechanism of reducing the degree of adhesion by nanocrystals. This study emphasizes the possibility of modulating MSCs adhesion using GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles. The development of new technologies capable of mitigating adhesion is crucial for the development of regenerative strategies using stem cells.
Influence of calcium ionophore on the fertilization of bovine oocytes and their further embryonic development
Authors: Kovpak V. V. , Kovpak O. S. , Derkach S. S. , Valchuk O. A. , Zhuk Y. V. , Masalovych Y. S.
Published: May 2023

Intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection (ICSI) is one of the commonest methods used in assisted reproductive technologies in human medicine. However, this procedure has low efficacy for bovines, mainly because of insufficient activation of oocytes after spermatozoid microinjection. One of the most effective methods of activating oocytes is considered to be the use of phosphorus calcium, though the optimal concentration of activator and its effect on pre-implant development of embyo are still open questions. An oocyte-cumulus complex of clinically healthy cows, retrieved from the ovaries during slaughter, matured over 22–24 h in in vitro conditions. Oocytes with visible polar body had been subjected to intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection (ICSI), and were 15–30 min later activated in the environment with different concentrations of calcium ionophore for 15–20 min and then transferred for further cultivation in a culture medium with sodium pyruvate. The fertilization rate was identified on the second day at the 2–4th stages of cellular embryo, and the quality of obtained embyos was evaluated on day 8. Based on the statistical analysis of the data, we determined that the artificial activation of bovine oocytes using calcium ionphore after intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection (ICSI) led to statistically significant improvement in conception and ratio of blastocytes obtained to oocytes injected. In the study, we confirmed that addition of 5, 10 and 50 µМ of the agent had the same efficacy on the activation of occytes of bovine cattle. However, it has to be noted that during further cultivation of the obtained zygotes up to the blastocyte stage (day 8), we saw no significant differences in quality of embryos obtained. Therefore, use of calcium ionophore for the activation of bovine oocytes after intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection is effective, for it promotes increase in fertilization parameters and ratio of blastocytes obtained to oocytes injected, facilitating production of higher numbers of embyos suitable for transplantation or cooling. Our previous conclusions are valuable for increasing the efficacy of methods of intracytoplasmic injection of bovine spermatozoid and its further use for purposes of science and production.
Avaliação dos parâmetros de qualidade físico-químicos de creme-géis à base de ácido hialurônico adquiridos em farmácias magistrais do município de Campo Grande-MS
Authors: Cruz Rocco Laryssa , Soken Ikeda Nathalya , de Toledo C. Muller Karla , Ribeiro A. Miranda Marla
Published: May 2023

Introdução: ao longo dos anos, a busca pela melhora do autocuidado estendeu-se às farmácias com manipulação, onde o cosmético pode ser manipulado de acordo com as preferências de cada indivíduo. Dessa forma, é necessário prover a estabilidade para cada produto manipulado, garantindo que um cosmético seguro e eficaz será dispensado. O ácido hialurônico é um ativo que tem se tornado popular devido à sua capacidade de realizar a manutenção da elasticidade da pele e exercer função hidratante, além de atuar na redução de linhas de expressão. Objetivo: analisar a qualidade de dermocosméticos manipulados a base de ácido hialurônico de diferentes farmácias com manipulação no município de Campo Grande-MS, através de análises laboratoriais físico-químicas e de rotulagem. Material e métodos: quatro amostras de creme-gel à base de ácido hialurônico 5% foram adquiridas em farmácias magistrais, e realizadas as seguintes análises de controle de qualidade: análise organoléptica, determinação de pH, densidade, teste de centrífuga, espalhabilidade e análise de rotulagem. Resultados: em relação às análises, os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios. A análise organoléptica, o teste de centrifugação e de espalhabilidade se encontraram dentro dos padrões estipulados; porém, destaca-se o ensaio de densidade, em que duas amostras obtiveram valores abaixo do estipulado; e para a análise de rótulos, nenhum produto continha lista de componentes da formulação. Conclusão: ao final das análises, pode ser apontado que os produtos apresentaram desempenho satisfatório em grande parte dos testes propostos e são uma opção segura, de boa qualidade e custo acessível ao público.
Atividade antibacteriana do R-(+)- Limoneno: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: De Souza Alves Millena , Araújo de Medeiros Maria Alice , Alves de Oliveira Filho Abrahão
Published: May 2023

Introdução: as bactérias são organismos unicelulares e procariontes que podem ser causadores de doenças e uma das principais causas de morte em muitos países. O constante desenvolvimento e aumento das bactérias resistentes retratam uma ameaça para a saúde pública, o que conduz a uma necessidade urgente de novos compostos com ação antimicrobiana, onde se destaca os produtos naturais com grande potencial para possíveis agentes antibacterianos, como os terpenos. Objetivo: realizar uma revisão sistemática para avaliar o potencial terapêutico do R-(+)-Limoneno contra bactérias patogênicas. Metodologia: a pesquisa teve como foco documentos escritos em inglês e português publicados entre 2011 e 2021. Os dados foram coletados na literatura disponível nos Periódicos eletrônicos da CAPES, empregando três bases de dados: Embase, Pubmed e Web of Science. A organização dos estudos e sua gestão até o final da redação foi realizada com o auxílio do software Mendeley. Resultados: foram identificados, inicialmente 1367 artigos, após refinamento da busca, culminou em 15 artigos eleitos para construção da revisão, no qual o R-(+)-Limoneno tanto em sua forma isolada, como associado a outro composto apresentou efeito antibacteriano contra cepas de bactérias, tanto gram positivas, como gram negativas. Conclusão: o terpeno R-(+)-Limoneno pode ser considerado como uma substância promissora para o combate de doenças causadas por bactérias patogênicas. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para aprofundar o mecanismo de ação, bem como, frente a mais espécies bacterianas isoladas de diferentes origens, a fim de se compreender de forma mais eficaz esse efeito biológico encontrado.
Impactos ambientais relacionados ao descarte de medicamentos no Brasil: uma revisão bibliográfica e documental
Authors: Queiroz Anna Clara Paulino de , De Araújo da Silva Souza Márcia Simone , Batista Alves João
Published: May 2023

Introdução: a elevação da renda de parcelas significativas da população brasileira tem contribuído para o aumento do consumismo de diversos produtos, favorecendo a geração dos resíduos. O Brasil tem alcançado cerca de 22 bilhões de dólares por ano pelo consumo de medicamentos, e a grande demanda da indústria farmacêutica tem gerado inúmeras consequências diante do descarte inadequado. Objetivo: identificar as principais causas e consequências do descarte de medicamentos, e verificar as formas de manejo já existentes no Brasil. Metodologia: foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica e documental, com pesquisa nas bases de dados: Google acadêmico, SciELO, Capes periódicos, PubMed e Ncbi. Além disso, foram realizadas buscas em sites de órgãos públicos e privados do país, e em leis e legislações voltadas ao assunto. As análises foram classificadas em três enfoques: causas, consequências e manejos já adotados no Brasil, relacionados ao descarte de medicamentos. O critério para seleção foi a busca por artigos publicados entre 2010-2020, não sendo adotado para as alternativas de manejo. Resultados e discussão: maioria da população desconhece os meios de descarte correto de medicamentos e os impactos negativos que estes causam, e parte da legislação brasileira estabelece normas para o descarte correto apenas para estabelecimentos de saúde, indústrias, farmácias e hospitais, não atingindo a população como um todo. Conclusão: o estudo identificou causas e consequências ao nível individual e coletivo, a necessidade de eficácia das diretrizes existentes, a ausência de fiscalização e de programas de conscientização ambiental voltados à população, frente ao descarte irregular dos fármacos.
A descrição teórica da determinação eletroquímica do fármaco perilartina, assistida pelo oxihidróxido de cobalto, emparelhado com o seu dióxido
Authors: V. Tkach Volodymyr , V. Kushnir Marta , C. de Oliveira Sílvio , O. Kormosh Zholt , V. Luganska Olga , Vaz dos Reis Lucinda , Ivanushko Yana G. , Yagodynets´ Petró I. , M. Pochenchuk Galyna
Published: May 2023

Introdução: perilartina é um adoçante natural potente, considerado 2000 vezes mais doce que o açúcar comum. Ela pode ser alérgica para algumas pessoas. Além disso, ela se usa apenas no Japão, o que pressupõe a possibilidade de adulterar produtos japoneses sem o seu uso. Assim, o desenvolvimento de um método eficiente da sua determinação qualificativa e quantificação é realmente atual. Metodologia: um modelo matemático de um processo anódico foi desenvolvido e analisado mediante a teoria de estabilidade linear e análise de bifurcações. O modelo inclui os cenários mais prováveis do andamento do processo eletroanalítico. Resultados: a perilartina é oxidada no meio básico, formando o poliol e o sal do “pseudoácido” correspondente, o que contribui fortemente para a força iônica da dupla camada elétrica. Isto pode ser responsável pela aparição das instabilidades oscilatória e monotônica no processo eletroanalítico. Conclusão: malgrado o supracitado, o compósito é um modificador eficiente para a determinação eletroquímica da perilartina no meio básico.
The theoretical description for omeprazole electrochemical determination, assisted by the composite poly(1,2,4-triazole)-Ag2O2
Authors: V. Tkach Volodymyr , Kushnir Marta V. , Ivanushko Yana G. , G. Ostapchuk Valentyna , Melnychuk Svitlana P. , de Oliveira Sílvio C. , Parchenko Volodymyr V. , Aksyonova Ilona I. , Odyntsova Vira M. , Yagodynets´ Petro I. , Kormosh Zholt O. , V. Luganska Olga
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Omeprazole is one of the most used proton-blocking molecules applied in the gastric ulcer treatment. Its blocking effect is achieved by the presence of both acidic and basic nitrogen heteroatoms in its composition. Nevertheless, due to its collateral effects, which may be moderate to severe, the development of its electrochemical determination is really actual. Methods: In this work, we describe theoretically the possibility of omeprazole electrochemical determination, assisted by the composite, containing the silver (I, III) oxide as an active substance and the polymer of 1,2,4-triazolic derivative as a mediator. In this case, the omeprazole molecule is gradually oxidized yielding firstly phenolic and then quinonic derivative. The pyridinic nitrogen is oxidized later. Results: The electroanalytical process is described by a trivariant equation-set, analysis of which confirms the efficiency of the composite of poly(1,2,4-triazole) with Ag2O2. The electrochemical oscillations are also possible, being realized beyond the detection limit. Conclusion: The composite of poly(1,2,4-triazole) with Ag2O is suitable for omeprazole electrochemical determination both in vivo and in vitro.
Konsep Manusia Sempurna Perspektif Ibnu Miskawaih (Telaah Buku Tahdzib Al-Akhlak)
Authors: Almunawaroh Andini Tiara
Published: May 2023

Ibn Miskawaih in Tahdzib al-Akhlak spoke for the existence of humans as a creature that can achieve perfection. This study aims to describe the thought of the human philosophy of Ibn Miskawaih. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method of analysis based on literature study techniques (library research). As for the findings of this study, that humans according to Ibn Miskawaih consisted of three kinds of power, namely lust (syahwiyah), anger/brave (ghodbiyah) and thinking power (nathiqah). Humans will be perfect human if they are able to develop their thinking power. And to achieve human perfection must use as much as possible and practical power.
Analisis Teologi Lingkungan Seyyed Hossein Nasr Terhadap Krisis Air di Masyarakat Batujaya Karawang
Authors: Rafly Fradiv Mochammad Sulthan , Muhlas Muhlas , Munir Munir
Published: May 2023

Disposal of trade waste and household waste has negative impacts, such as land shifts, floods, air pollution, and other disasters. The same thing happened in Batujaya, precisely in the hamlet of South Bakung, where the river is the most practical place for disposing of waste. The purpose of this paper is to describe the research points: 1). How is the water crisis as a form of environmental damage in the people of Batujaya Karawang; 2). How does Seyyed Hossein Nasr's analysis of environmental theology view the water crisis as environmental damage. This research is a direct field research, using qualitative descriptive method, and Seyyed Hosein Nasr's theory of environmental theology as the analytical knife. The results of this study found that first, the people of Batujaya, especially the South Bakung community, were in danger of throwing garbage into the river. Second, the lack of anticipation from the government and the sanctions given to the people of Batujaya, especially in South Bakung, for the disposal of trade waste and household waste into the river. Third, make people in Batujaya, especially in South Bakung aware, not to throw garbage into the river anymore by means of physical and spiritual socialization.
Konsep Kecerdasan Intuisi Menurut Miftahul Luthfi Muhammad
Authors: Qonitatillah Andrea
Published: May 2023

This research has several objectives arranged on the basis of answering the problems that are the subject of discussion. Among them: 1) Concept of Intuitive Intelligence Perspective of Miftahul Lutfi Muhammad; 2) The Role of Sufism as a Means of Sharpening Intuitive Intelligence. This type of research is a subjective exploration by applying a literature study. He initiated the Triangle of Force theory as a form of implementing Sufism on its correlation to the concept of Intuition intelligence. The contents of the theory of "The Triangle of Force" version of Miftahul Luthfi Muhammad are 1) Indonesian Muslim people who behave mentally and behave to put God first (human mauhid); 2) Indonesian Muslim people who behave mentally and behave honestly (khuluqush-shidqi); 3) Indonesian Muslim people who behave mentally and behave sincerely (khuluqul-ikhlash).
Pemaknaan Hidup pada Wanita Single Parent Usia Dewasa Madya
Authors: Hidayatunnajah Ai
Published: May 2023

Being a single parent is not easy, especially if it is experienced by a woman or mother who has reached middle adulthood. Where the age is no longer young, but the task is increasing. This study aims to find out what is the meaning of life, what is a single parent woman in middle adulthood, and how is the process of finding the meaning of life in single parent women in middle adulthood. The method used in this study is a qualitative method through a case study approach that produces descriptive data, namely written words or words from people or observed behavior. The meaning of life is a process to find the meaning of various events that have occurred both in the form of happiness and suffering and are reflected on oneself to achieve the goal, continue life until the individual feels a meaningful life and creates feelings of happiness. Everyone has the freedom to find the meaning of his life, so the meaning of life can be owned by anyone and under any conditions, one of which can be owned by a single parent woman in middle adulthood. The meaning of life is not found just like that, but is pursued through a process, one of which is through the spiritual dimension. Because the meaning of life is inseparable from the spiritual dimension, then one aspect of one's success in achieving the meaning of life is through the way of surrender, namely with Islam which is a work of outward practice and directed activity, faith which is inner worship and ihsan which is awareness in every person. steps taken, words spoken, and actions taken.
Studi Komparatif Pemikiran Filsafat Politik Ali Abdul Raziq dan Rashid Rida mengenai Khilafah
Authors: Bara Unsi Andal , Muliadi Muliadi , Rusliana Iu
Published: May 2023

This article aims to explain the comparison of political philosophy thoughts, especially regarding the caliphate of two Muslim intellectual figures from Egypt who lived in the same period. Ali Abdul Raziq and Rashid Rida, these two figures talked about the formulation of the ideal state form for Muslims and the implementation of Islamic government. The author writes down the arguments of the two figures and then compares them with the formulations of the two. Khilafah which is a system of government that follows the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad, sharia as the legal basis and Islam as an ideology in running the government. This type of research is library research by applying the comparative method, which prioritizes library materials as the main source. The results of the research from the two Muslim intellectual works from Ali Abdul Raziq's book entitled al-Islam wa Usul al-Hukm and the book Al-Khilafah wa Al-Imamah written by Rashid Rido, show that there are very basic differences in the thoughts of the two figures, where Rashid Rida firmly held the position that followers of Islam are required to uphold the caliphate in their country based on sharia and ijma. On the other hand, Ali Abdul Raziq argues that there is no binding obligation for Muslims to establish a caliphate in their country, he argues that Muslims are free to choose what ideology will be applied in a country. Because in the Qur'an and as-Sunnah do not regulate the form of state that Muslims must apply. The thought of Islamic political philosophy, of course, does not only come from these two figures, many Muslim intellectuals argue that this matter needs to be explored for the benefit of Muslims in terms of the state.
Konsep Zuhud Syekh Nawawi Al-Bantani dan Relevansinya dengan Pembentukan Moral
Authors: Satria Satria , Qomaruzzaman Bambang
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the zuhud Syekh Nawawi al-bantani concept and its relevance to moral formation. The study uses a qualitative approach by positioning the researcher as a core instrument that then combined with the character's biographical approach. Then the littering study was used to collect data by excavating various relevant sources. In the study, it found that the concept of zuhud Syekh Nawawi al-bantani has almost in common with other sufi figures, the concept of zuhud Syekh Nawawi al-bantani also teaches people to be not passive but active in various aspects of worldhood only serves to bring sense and logic to the afterlife. Then, the concept of zuhud Syekh Nawawi al-bantani also relates to the process of moral formation in society, as well as the zuhud Syekh Nawawi al-bantani's relevant is consumed by various societies, as well as its practice of changing conditions or times.
Aplikasi Nilai-Nilai Sufistik dalam Novel Rembulan Tenggelam di Wajahmu
Authors: Mulyani Dewi Sri
Published: May 2023

Literary works that have various purposes such as adding knowledge and entertaining make novels loved by the public in their spare time. Some novels written by the author have their own message to convey for readers. One of the values conveyed is sufistic values. The purpose of this study is to find this value in the novel under study and with it can be a means and implementation of sufistic studies on sufistic value analysis, can be a comparison of analyzing sufistic values in other novels and can be a contribution of thought for the general public in taking wisdom from each book read. This research is a literature study using a qualitative approach. The result and discussion of this study is that al-Ghazali's view of sufistic values is expressed as the meaning of sufism teachings that produce morality with connected science and charity. The sufistic value consists of maqamat as the sufi path includes taubat, sabar, faqir, zuhud, tawakal, mahabbah, ma’rifat and ridha. In this novel, sufistic values are also found according to al-Ghazali's views which include the eight points of maqamat which are listed in the narrative of the depiction of the story and the dialogue of the characters. Because this research uses one view of a Sufi figure, it is hoped that the next research can be a comparison by using the views of other Sufi figures.
Robert Frager's Perception of Qalb with Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory (Comparative Study)
Authors: Sari Maemunah Indah , Marjani Gustiana Isya , Ratnasari Juni , Khairunnisa Kaisya Azizah
Published: May 2023

The study has the background that between the human heart and the mind there must be synchronization in order for good behavior. The study was intended to identify Robert frager's view of qalb with the Sigmund Freud's theory of psychoanalysis and also to a ratio between qalb Robert Frager and psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud. The study is qualitative in style with the method of library research that uses comparative analysis to compare qalb's opinion with sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis. Qalb is a place where man attains his individuality to spiritual, spiritual knowledge, and human consciousness, and helps one to believe in something. Psychoanalysis is all human behavior based on unconsciousness. The study may conclude that qalb, with personalities, is indeed different. But in reality humans cannot rely on one aspect to do something good. Instinct is needed as an inducement for the personality to direct one's behavior, but man needs the heart as his guide.
Cyber Crime in the Era Industrial 4.0: Analisis OTP Fraud dalam Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Almunadi Almunadi , Kurniawati Titik , Rofi’i Ahmad , Heriansyah Dafis
Published: May 2023

This research was conducted because still many do not know the form of cases of OTP Fraud. The problem of this research in the cases of OTP Fraud in the view of hadith. Results and discussions this research shows the presence of a certain hadith the ban practicing fraud acts includes otp fraud. This research Concluding that otp fraud constitutes an act of criminality by cheating its target into pretending to be the society's staff in order to convince the target to give out otp codes, it is forbidden in the Qur'an and the hadith and it is recommended for tabayyun when receiving information. The research recommends to the user of technology to be careful and not to give indiscriminate codes that contain confidential personal data to others.
Internalisasi Kitab Washoya Al-Abaa Lil Abnaa dalam Membentuk Akhlak Santri di Pondok Pesantren Ar-Rohmah Plered Purwakarta
Authors: Arifin Pipin Hasan , Darma Surya Hadi , Wulandari Dyah
Published: May 2023

Moral education is necessary for modern humans in facing global challenges. Moreover, the phenomenon of the world of education is more often colored by the lack of balance between material and spiritual aspects. In Islamic education the main and main goal and the essence of Islamic education is the formation of human morals. One of the books that is widely taught in Islamic boarding schools is the book Washoya Al Aba Lil Abnaa. This book contains the most basic moral issues that are needed by every student. With the teaching of the book, Islamic boarding schools certainly hope that there will be a transfer of knowledge that can have an impact on the daily behavior of students. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used is technical triangulation and source triangulation. The results of the study show that: 1) The Washoya Al-abaa Lil Abnaa book is a book that contains a teacher's will to his students regarding morals. 2) The process of learning the Washoya book at the Ar-Rohmah Islamic Boarding School is carried out with learning stages that are preceded by prayer activities, giving tawasul to the author of the book followed by reciting the qur’an, then in the process of learning the Washoya book, namely the bandongan method and lectures, 3) Internalization of values morals through the Washoya Al-Abaa Lil Abnaa book at the Ar-Rohmah Islamic boarding school are morals to Allah Swt., morals to oneself, morals to fellow human beings, and morals to the environment.
Komodifikasi Agama sebagai Identitas Kesalehan Sosial
Authors: Zailani Muh Rizki , Ulinnuha Roma
Published: May 2023

The commodification of religion has entered fields that were previously unthinkable. The magnitude of the potential behind the rise of the Islamic spirit is a factor in the spread of religious commodification, although commodification of religion does not oppose existing religious teachings and even tends to support it, but this phenomenon has the potential to erode the values of religiosity and sacredness in religion. Karl Marx has warned that the commodification of religion is like opium, the opium can provide temporary peace but consciously or unconsciously it results in bigger damage. The fields of commodification of religion have various styles and methods, but these various styles and methods bring up to a pattern which is then used as a reference for capitalists to branding their products. In order to explain the phenomenon of this pattern of religious commodification, the researcher uses a normative qualitative method approach based on library research by using secondary data such as previous journal articles, books, proceedings and similar sources as the main data. There are five patterns in the phenomenon of religious commodification. Firstly, branding and services products with Islamic and modern shades. Second, offering facilities that make it easier for Muslims to praying, although by costs that are above standard. Third, limiting activities that are considered un-Islamic as a form of Islamic service. Fourth, displaying Islamic symbols as a sign that the product is an Islamic product. Fifth, framing in the media and promotions that by buying or consuming these products, they are considered obedient to Islamic teachings.
Drug Overdose Mortality by Usual Occupation and Industry: 46 States and New York City, United States, 2020
Authors: Billock Rachael , Steege Andrea , Miniño Arialdi
Published: May 2023

This report examines U.S. drug overdose mortality by usual occupation and industry for 2020 to expand upon and update historical estimates (5).
Barrreiras na implementação da apendicectomia laparoscópica como tratamento de escolha para apendicite aguda: experiência de 15 anos em hospital terciário no Brasil
Authors: DAMOUS SERGIO HENRIQUE BASTOS , MENEGOZZO CARLOS AUGUSTO METIDIERI , ROCHA MARCELO CRISTIANO , COLLET-E-SILVA FRANCISCO SALLES , UTIYAMA EDIVALDO MASSAZO
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Introdução: o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar as medidas que permitiram a implementação de cirurgias laparoscópicas de urgência em hospital de ensino médico ao longo de 15 anos. Método: foi realizado estudo clínico retrospectivo de pacientes submetidos a Apendicectomia aberta ou Laparoscópica no período de 15 anos (2004 a 2018). Os dados clínicos foram confrontados com as ações implementadas: 1) Treinamento dos médicos residentes em cirurgia minimamente invasiva (2007); 2) Uso do endoclip para tratamento do coto apendicular (2008); 3) Disponibilidade do set de laparoscopia em tempo integral para o Pronto Socorro (2010); e, 4) Terceirização do serviço de manutenção do set e materiais de vídeo e uso do endoclip Hem-o-lok® para tratamento do coto apendicular (2013). Resultados: foram realizadas 1.168 cirurgias, das quais 691 abertas (59%), 465 laparoscopias (40%) e 12 convertidas (1%). O treinamento da equipe levou à realização de 11% de laparoscopia (2007) e o uso do endoclip para tratamento do coto apendicular para 16% (2008). Com a disponibilização do set de vídeo em tempo integral para o Pronto Socorro a partir de 2011, houve aumento de laparoscopias para 26% (2012). A padronização do endoclip Hem-o-lok® no tratamento do coto apendicular aumentou para 85% e a partir de 2016 foi realizado em todos os casos, sem complicação relacionada ao seu uso, mesmo em apendicites complicadas. Conclusão: o emprego da laparoscopia no serviço de urgência envolve além do treinamento da equipe cirúrgica, investimento tecnológico contínuo e uso de técnicas que sejam factíveis, viáveis e seguras.
Challenges to implement laparoscopic appendectomy as the first-line treatment for acute appendicitis: a fifteen-year experience in a tertiary hospital in Brazil
Authors: DAMOUS SERGIO HENRIQUE BASTOS , MENEGOZZO CARLOS AUGUSTO METIDIERI , ROCHA MARCELO CRISTIANO , COLLET-E-SILVA FRANCISCO SALLES , UTIYAMA EDIVALDO MASSAZO
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Background: the barriers to implement emergency laparoscopy in public teaching hospitals involve issues such as resident learning curves and resource costs and availability. This study was designed to describe the issues facing the implementation of laparoscopic approach for acute appendicitis over 15 years in a single academic center in Brazil. Materials and Methods: retrospective study of patients undergoing emergency appendectomy from 2004 to 2018. Clinical data were compared to four major actions implemented in the emergency surgical service: minimally invasive surgery training for residents (2007), laparoscopic stump closure using metal clips (2008), 24/7 availability of laparoscopic instruments for emergency surgeries (2010), and third-party contract for maintenance of the laparoscopic instruments and implementation of polymeric clips for stump closure (2013). We evaluated the increase in laparoscopic appendectomy after the implementation of those major changes. Results: we identified 1168 appendectomies during the study period, of which 691 (59%), 465 (40%), and 12 (1%) were open, laparoscopic, and converted, respectively. The implementation of the major changes since 2004 resulted in an increase of laparoscopic appendectomies from 11% in 2007 to 80% in 2016. These actions were decisive in the widespread use of laparoscopy for acute appendicitis (p<0.001). The standardization of the hem-o-lok clip in the treatment of the appendiceal stump made the procedure more feasible, reducing the surgical time using laparoscopic access and increasing the team’s adherence, so that this became the route of choice in about 85% of cases in the period from 2014 to 2018, 80% performed by 3rd year resident physicians. No intraoperative complications were noted related to laparoscopic access, even in more complicated appendicitis. There was no mortality reported, no reoperations or readmissions to hospital during a 30-day postoperative period. Conclusion: the development of a feasible, reproducible, and safe technical standardization, associated with continuous cost optimization, are the cornerstones for a consistent and viable change in the current practice for appendectomies in middle and lower-income countries.