Construction Et PremiÃ¨re Validation Dâ€™un Mini-Questionnaire dâ€™Inventaire Des StratÃ©gies Identitaires Chez Des Adolescents Migrants ScolarisÃ©s En Situation Transculturelle
Authors: Tamo Fogue Yannick , Tcheundjio Rosaline , Messanga Gustave Adolphe , Nkelzok Komtsindi ValÃ¨re , Tsala Tsala Jacques Philippe Benoit 
Published: June 2021

En contexte africain, le dÃ©veloppement de la personnalitÃ© est tributaire des niches socioculturels rÃ©gissant la construction de lâ€™identitÃ© individuelle, sociale et du concept de soi du sujet. Cependant, le changement socioculturel entraine une rupture entre lâ€™identitÃ© de base engagÃ©e dans son milieu anthropomorphiste dâ€™origine et celle assignÃ©e en milieu dâ€™accueil. Pour rÃ©soudre ce conflit identitaire, lâ€™on construit des mÃ©canismes que la littÃ©rature range dans le concept de â€˜â€˜stratÃ©gies identitairesâ€™â€™. Mais jusquâ€™ici, elle ne propose pas dâ€™outils permettant de mesurer clairement ce construit. Câ€™est pourquoi dans cette recherche, lâ€™on se propose de dÃ©velopper un instrument psychomÃ©trique standardisÃ©, permettant dâ€™Ã©valuer quantitativement la construction des stratÃ©gies identitaires chez les adolescents migrants scolarisÃ©s en situation transculturelle. Il est organisÃ© autour de quatre facettes/dimensions/sous-Ã©chelles relatives au Camouflage/ClandestinitÃ©/RedÃ©finition de soi, lâ€™Arrangement/Affichage de soi, lâ€™Evitement/RÃ©paration de soi, et le DÃ©ni/Annulation de soi ou dâ€™autrui. AprÃ¨s Ã©talonnage/validation auprÃ¨s de 368 adolescents migrants dont 184 rÃ©fugiÃ©s centrafricains et 184 dÃ©placÃ©s internes ExtrÃªme-Nord/Nord camerounais, des deux sexes, Ã¢gÃ©s de 12 Ã  18 ans et scolarisÃ©s Ã  lâ€™Est-Cameroun, les analyses factorielles exploratoires et en composantes principales lui confÃ¨rent des qualitÃ©s mÃ©trologiques fiables (Î±items  [.68, .93] ; Î±QISISTglobal = .78). Ainsi, la validitÃ©/fidÃ©litÃ© et la cohÃ©rence interne du questionnaire sont satisfaisantes.
In the African context, the development of the personality depends on the socio-cultural niches that construct the individual/social identity and the self-concept of the subject. However, socio-cultural change is causing a gap between the basic identity engaged in its original anthropomorphic environment and that assigned in the host environment. To resolve this identity conflict, they construct mechanisms that the literature classifies under the concept of â€˜â€˜identity strategiesâ€™â€™. But so far, it does not offer tools to clearly measure this construct. This is why in the present research they propose to develop a standardized psychometric instrument, making it possible to quantitatively assess the construction of identity strategies of migrant adolescents who school in a transcultural situation. It is organized around four facets/dimensions/subscales relating to Camouflage/Clandestinity/Self-Redefinition, Arrangement/Self-Display, Avoidance/Self-Repair and Denial/Cancellation of Self or Others. After calibration/validation with 368 migrant adolescents including 184 Central African refugees and 184 internally displaced persons from the Far North/North Cameroon, of both sexes, aged 12 to 18 years old, who school in the East region of Cameroon, the exploratory factor and components main characteristics analysis give it reliable metrological qualities (Î±items [.68, .93];  Î±QISISTglobal = .78). Thus, the validity/reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire are satisfactory.