bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’éducation environnementale en milieu urbain : l’exemple du marécage Tylee à Rosemère
Authors: Leboeuf Michel , Dumas Réjean , Ellis Viviane
Published: June 2013

Mieux que toute autre stratégie en matière d’éducation environnementale, le contact direct avec la nature augmente la sensibilité des citoyens et leur prédisposition à intervenir en cette matière ; or, l’urbanisation croissante des populations humaines les coupe de plus en plus des milieux naturels. Nous avons développé une approche d’éducation environnementale destinée aux élèves de niveau primaire en utilisant une aire protégée sise dans la couronne nord de Montréal, le marécage Tylee. Tout au long de l’année scolaire 2011-2012, 29 classes sur 33 d’une école primaire ont préparé des kiosques d’interprétation de la nature et des spectacles en vue de tenir une fin de semaine de promotion de ce site naturel. Durant la dernière fin de semaine de mai, 1 000 citoyens (300 visiteurs pour les kiosques ; 700 spectateurs pour les spectacles) ont pris part aux activités. Pour compenser les gaz à effet de serre émis dans le cadre du projet, 2 classes ont par ailleurs réalisé une activité de restauration d’un marécage dégradé de la municipalité en y plantant 140 arbres. Sensibiliser les élèves d’une école primaire, en ayant recours à une aire protégée située à proximité, est une approche prometteuse pour amorcer des changements d’attitudes ou de comportements en matière de conservation des milieux naturels.
ASPECTOS PRODUTIVOS E PERCEPÇÃO SANITÁRIA DE PRODUTORES DE LEITE DO NORTE MATO-GROSSENSE
Authors: Marcon Gefferson Carlos , Garcia Socoloski Suyane Naiara , Zane Anaias Cristina , Dos Santos Rafael , Cardoso Gomes Silvane , Gomes de Castro Bruno
Published: June 2013

Diante do panorama de queda no preço do leite, associado aos maus hábitos higiênicos e sanitários dos produtores rurais, este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento inicial, por meio da aplicação de um questionário epidemiológico, das características produtivas de propriedades leiteiras de três cooperativas de leite na região norte mato-grossense, bem como a percepção desses produtores diante da brucelose bovina. De acordo com os 29 produtores entrevistados, foi verificado que o rebanho leiteiro, na região estudada, apresentava baixa capacidade produtiva, reduzida implementação de tecnologias relacionadas à produção de leite e ao manejo reprodutivo, assim como deficiências relacionadas ao manejo sanitário, principalmente em relação à brucelose animal. Verificou-se escassa assistência técnica concedida aos produtores, corroborando os resultados da baixa tecnificação
ENRIQUECIMENTO AMBIENTAL EM ROEDORES UTILIZADOS PARA A EXPERIMENTAÇÃO ANIMAL: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Camargo Garbin Lívia , Resende Faleiros Rafael , Do Lago Luiz Alberto
Published: June 2013

O enriquecimento ambiental visa a promover um ambiente mais agradável aos animais de laboratório, permitindo que os mesmos consigam expressar seu comportamento natural e obtenham melhores respostas tanto nos aspectos físicos como cognitivos. Isso é interessante não somente pelo bem-estar promovido para o animal, mas também por resultados mais fidedignos nas pesquisas, uma vez que os animais passam a se comportar de maneira mais similar à natural. Contudo, o enriquecimento ambiental implica melhora nas condições vividas pelo animal e não no simples aumento da complexidade do meio baseado em valores antropomórficos. Logo, o entendimento do comportamento da espécie é fundamental para o emprego do enriquecimento eficaz e para a interpretação de resultados experimentais reais.
SELEÇÃO POR COMPETÊNCIA: FICÇÃO OU POSSIBILIDADE?
Authors: Do Monte Pinto Francinaldo , Bezerra Gomes Gabrielle
Published: June 2013

Este estudo, de natureza bibliográfica, analisa o processo de seleção por competências, amplamente difundido como nova modalidade de gestão de pessoas nas organizações de trabalho.Busca-se conhecer as técnicas utilizadas nesse tipo de seleção, que começa pelo recrutamento/atração de pessoas, com o intuito de expor o seu diferencial em relação aos processos seletivos tradicionais. Observa-se que a necessidade de acompanhar as mudanças ocorridas no mundo do trabalho acarreta inúmeras exigências – agilidade, inovação, criatividade, efetividade de resultados– aos trabalhadores e ao modo de selecioná-los. Na revisão de literatura, que trata do tema da seleção por competência, não foram encontrados resultados significativos em termos de inovação ou mudança em relação ao modelo tradicional de selecionar pessoas. Verificamos duas concepções de modelos de competências que versam sobre este tema. De um lado, encontra-se um grupo vinculado à área de gestão de pessoas, que defende/m o modelo de seleção por competências a partir do antigo trinômio, outrora utilizado na clássica administração de recursos humanos (ARH), de avaliação de conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes (CHA), como requisitos fundamentais que credenciam um profissional a exercer uma determinada função ou cargo. De outro, uma corrente de pensadores que caracteriza/m a competência como um retorno do trabalho ao trabalhador. Nessa segunda concepção, destacam-se os conceitos de entrega,responsabilidade, iniciativa e autonomia. Conclui-se, portanto, não haver um modelo geral para esse “novo” tipo de seleção, embora se apresente uma perspectiva de mapeamento de competências que considera interesses do trabalhador à missão estratégica da organização.
INTEGRALIDADE À SAÚDE DA MULHER E PSICOLOGIA: ANÁLISE DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Pizzinato Adolfo , Da Silva Carvalho Greice , Cé João Pedro , De Oliveira Machado Rodrigo , Neves Strey Marlene
Published: June 2013

Este texto analisa a produção científica sobre a Integralidade no Brasil, enfatizando especialmente o papel da Psicologia na construção dessa perspectiva de entendimento dos processos de cuidado na saúde/doença no Brasil. Para isso realizou-se uma busca bibliográfica nas bases de dados eletrônicas PEPSIC e Scielo, entre os meses de março e abril de 2010. Utilizou-se o descritor “integralidade” como motor de busca e, dentro dos artigos encontrados, analisaram-se com especial atenção as associações entre integralidade e saúde da mulher. Para esclarecer a panorâmica da produção na área, foram analisadas cinco categorias nos textos: tipo de artigo,tipo e nome das revistas, formação dos autores e autoras, ano de publicação e população da pesquisa. Os resultados encontrados apontam que os psicólogos/as estão produzindo menos que os/as demais profissionais da área da saúde e que a Integralidade proposta, enquanto marco norteador da atenção à saúde da mulher, ainda é incipiente na práxis psicológica.
A Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Mannich Reaction of Indolenines with Ketones
Authors: Cheng Dao‐Juan , Tian Shi‐Kai
Published: June 2013

A range of polysubstituted indolenines (3H‐indoles) smoothly underwent an L‐proline‐catalyzed enantioselective Mannich reaction with various ketones in a highly regioselective manner to give structurally diverse 2‐acylmethylindolines in good yields with excellent ee. The current study provides a powerful approach for the transformation of unactivated five‐membered cyclic aldimines into optically active nitrogen‐containing heterocycles with high enantioselectivity.
Investigation of the porous structure of cellulosic substrates through confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Yang Dong , Moran‐Mirabal Jose M. , Parlange Jean‐Yves , Walker Larry P.
Published: June 2013

At the most fundamental level, saccharification occurs when cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) diffuse, bind to and react on readily accessible cellulose fibrils. Thus, the study of the diffusive behavior of solutes into and out of cellulosic substrates is important for understanding how biomass pore size distribution affects enzyme transport, binding, and catalysis. In this study, fluorescently labeled dextrans with molecular weights of 20, 70, and 150 kDa were used as probes to assess their diffusion into the porous structure of filter paper. Fluorescence microscopy with high numerical aperture objectives was used to generate high temporal and spatial resolution datasets of probe concentrations versus time. In addition, two diffusion models, including a simple transient diffusion and a pore grouping diffusion models, were developed. These models and the experimental datasets were used to investigate solute diffusion in macro‐ and micro‐pores. Nonlinear least squares fitting of the datasets to the simple transient model yielded diffusion coefficient estimates that were inadequate for describing the initial fast diffusion and the later slow diffusion rates observed; on the other hand, nonlinear least squares fitting of the datasets to the pore grouping diffusion model yielded estimations of the micro‐pore diffusion coefficient that described the inherently porous structure of plant‐derived cellulose. In addition, modeling results show that on average 75% of the accessible pore volume is available for fast diffusion without any significant pore hindrance. The method developed can be applied to study the porous structure of plant‐derived biomass and help assess the diffusion process for enzymes with known sizes. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 2836–2845. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CHO cell line specific prediction and control of recombinant monoclonal antibody N‐glycosylation
Authors: Grainger Rhian K. , James David C.
Published: June 2013

Here we demonstrate that it is possible to predict and control N‐glycan processing of a secreted recombinant monoclonal antibody during manufacturing process development using a combination of statistical modelling and comparative measurement of cell surface glycans using fluorescent lectins. Using design of experiments—response surface modelling (DoE‐RSM) methodology to adjust the relative media concentrations of known metabolic effectors of galactosylation (manganese, galactose, and uridine) we have shown that β1,4‐galactosylation of the same recombinant IgG4 monoclonal antibody produced by different CHO cell lines can be precisely controlled in a cell line specific manner. For two cell lines, monoclonal antibody galactosylation could be increased by over 100% compared to control, non‐supplemented cultures without a reduction in product titre and with minimal effect on cell growth. Analysis of galactosylation effector interactions by DoE‐RSM indicated that Mn2+ alone was necessary but not sufficient to improve galactosylation, and that synergistic combinations of Gal and Urd were necessary to maximize galactosylation, whilst minimizing the deleterious effect of Urd on cell growth. To facilitate rapid cell culture process development we also tested the hypothesis that substrate‐level control of cellular galactosylation would similarly affect both cell surface and secreted monoclonal antibody glycans, enabling facile indirect prediction of product glycan processing. To support this hypothesis, comparative quantitation of CHO cell surface β1,4‐galactosylation by flow cytometry using fluorescent derivatives of RCA and ConA lectins revealed that substrate‐controlled variation in monoclonal antibody galactosylation and cell surface galactosylation were significantly correlated. Taken together, these data show that precision control of a complex, dynamic cellular process essential for the definition of protein product molecular heterogeneity and bioactivity is possible. Moreover, real‐time, or near real‐time control can be enabled by facile, rapid measurement of cell surface biomarkers of cellular biosynthetic capability. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 2970–2983. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wie Fliegen an die Decke gehen
Authors: Gorb Stanislav N. , Bußhardt Philipp
Published: June 2013

Es haben sich viele funktionelle Lösungen für das Anhaften, Kleben und Verklammern unabhängig voneinander in verschiedenen Abstammungslinien der Organismen entwickelt. Da die Vielfalt solcher biologischer Strukturen und ihre Bedeutung für das Verständnis der Biologie bestimmter Organismen immens sind, besteht ein großer Bedarf an vergleichenden strukturellen und funktionellen Studien. Dieser Beitrag fasst Original‐ und Literaturdaten zusammen und schlägt eine Klassifizierung biologischer Haftsysteme nach verschiedenen Prinzipien vor. Wir zeigen das biomimetische Potenzial anhand von Studien an biologischen Haftsystemen für die weitere Verwendung in technischen Entwicklungen.
Identification of bio‐active metabolites of gentiopicroside by UPLC/Q‐TOF MS and NMR
Authors: Zeng Wenliang , Han Han , Tao Yanyan , Yang Li , Wang Zhengtao , Chen Kaixian
Published: June 2013

Gentiopicroside (GPS), the main bioactive component in Gentiana scabra Bge., has attracted our attention owing to its high bioactivity, especially the treatment of hepatobiliary disorders. The aglycone form of GPS, a typical secoiridoid glycoside, is considered to be more readily absorbed than its parent drug. This study aimed to identify and characterize the metabolites after GPS incubated with β‐glucosidase in buffer solution at 37°C. Samples of biotransformed solution were collected and analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/quadrupole–time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (Q‐TOF MS). A total of four metabolites were detected: two were isolated and elucidated by preparative‐HPLC and NMR techniques, and one of those four is reported for the first time. The mass spectral fragmentation pattern and accurate masses of metabolites were established on the basis of UPLC/Q‐TOF MS analysis. Structure elucidation of metabolites was achieved by comparing their fragmentation pattern with that of the parent drug. A fairly possible metabolic pathway of GPS by β‐glucosidase was proposed. The hepatoprotective activities of metabolites M1 and M2 were investigated and the results showed that their hepatoprotective activities were higher than that of parent drug. Our results provided a meaningful basis for discovering lead compounds from biotransformation related to G. scabra Bge. in traditional Chinese medicine. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term efficacy and safety of zotarolimus‐eluting stent in patients with diabetes mellitus: Pooled 5‐year results from the ENDEAVOR III and IV trials
Authors: Vardi Moshe , Burke David A. , Bangalore Sripal , Pencina Michael J. , Mauri Laura , Kandzari David E. , Leon Martin B. , Cutlip Donald E.
Published: June 2013

Objective

To assess long‐term outcomes of Endeavor Zotarolimus‐eluting stent (E‐ZES) implantation in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Background: Patients with DM and coronary artery disease have lower restenosis with drug‐eluting stent (DES) compared with bare‐metal stents. Recent data suggest that the E‐ZES is inferior to other DES in this population.

Methods

Patient‐level data for 601 patients with DM from the ENDEAVOR III and ENDEAVOR IV trials were pooled, of which 337 were treated with E‐ZES and 264 were treated with other DES. The primary outcome was target vessel failure (TVF) in the course of 5 years. Outcomes are reported as rates using Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival method and differences between E‐ZES and other stent types (sirolimus‐eluting stent or paclitaxel‐eluting stent) were compared using the log‐rank statistic. The independent effect of stent type on TVF was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results

Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. Five‐year TVF KM rate estimate was numerically lower for E‐ZES, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (20.2 vs. 26.9%, P = 0.065). The 5‐year KM rate estimates of major adverse cardiac events (17.7 vs. 26.6%, P = 0.012), death (7.6 vs. 15.0%, P = 0.004), and myocardial infarction (1.3 vs. 5.1%, P = 0.011) were also lower for E‐ZES versus other DES. Conclusions: Patients with DM implanted with E‐ZES have favorable long‐term outcomes compared to first‐generation DES. Long‐term performance of DES should be assessed routinely and may differ from initial performance. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diagnostic accuracy of intravascular ultrasound‐derived minimal lumen area compared with fractional flow reserve—Meta‐analysis: Pooled accuracy of IVUS luminal area versus FFR
Authors: Nascimento Bruno R. , de Sousa Marcos R. , Koo Bon‐Kwon , Samady Habib , Bezerra Hiram G. , Ribeiro Antônio L.P. , Costa Marco A.
Published: June 2013

Introduction

Although intravascular ultrasound minimal luminal area (IVUS‐MLA) is one of many anatomic determinants of lesion severity, it has been proposed as an alternative to fractional flow reserve (FFR) to assess severity of coronary artery disease.

Objective

Pool the diagnostic performance of IVUS‐MLA and determine its overall accuracy to predict the functional significance of coronary disease using FFR (0.75 or 0.80) as the gold standard.

Methods

Studies comparing IVUS and FFR to establish the best MLA cutoff value that correlates with significant coronary stenosis were reviewed from a Medline search using the terms “fractional flow reserve” and “ultrasound.” DerSimonian Laird method was applied to obtain pooled accuracy.

Results

Eleven clinical trials, including two left main (LM) trials (total N = 1,759 patients, 1,953 lesions) were included. The weighted overall mean MLA cutoff was 2.61 mm2 in non‐LM trials and 5.35 mm2 in LM trials. For non‐LM lesions, the pooled sensitivity of MLA was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.76–0.83) and specificity was 0.65 (95% CI = 0.62–0.67). Positive likelihood ratio (LR) was 2.26 (95% CI = 1.98–2.57) and LR− was 0.32 (95% CI = 0.24–0.44). Area under the summary receiver operator curve for all trials was 0.848. Pooled LM trials had better accuracy: sensitivity = 0.90, specificity = 0.90, LR+ = 8.79, and LR− = 0.120.

Conclusion

Given its limited pooled accuracy, IVUS‐MLA's impact on clinical decision in this scenario is low and may lead to misclassification in up to 20% of the lesions. Pooled analysis points toward lower MLA cutoffs than the ones used in current practice. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reversibility Analysis for Design Optimization of an Internally Heat‐Integrated Distillation Column
Authors: Xu L. , Yuan X. , Chen D. , Luo Y. , Yu K.
Published: June 2013

Internally heat‐integrated distillation columns (HIDiCs) need heat transfer between the two column sections. Intermediate condensing and reboiling of the rectifying and stripping sections favor the reversibility of the separation process and lead to the increase of heat loads for the two sections but the heat transfer to cover the heat load is costly and generates major difficulties in design. A higher number of stages can reduce the heat load but will also raise the investment cost. The influence of increasing stage numbers on operating cost and capital investment of the HIDiC was evaluated by two HIDiC design cases, and the stage numbers or equivalently the heat loads were optimized to achieve the balance between the two kinds of cost.
Resource‐Efficient Process Technology for Energy Plants
Authors: Both Simon , Helling Christoph , Namyslo Jan , Kaufmann Dieter , Rother Beate , Harling Hinrich , Strube Jochen
Published: June 2013

In recent years, a change from the fossil resources coal, oil, and gas to renewable energy sources is underway, whereby biomass from energy plants gains importance. In Germany, this biomass is mainly produced from corn, rape, and further cereals. A study is presented which focuses on the extraction and purification of selective components as a dual‐use concept besides energy production from biomass. A total conceptual process design is laid out, considering the current constraints for biomass use. As an example, the variation of the raw materials as well as the stability of the ingredients and limitations in solvent use can be named. A process is proposed which shows the extraction to be technically and economically feasible.
Störprozesse in organischen Solarzellen
Authors: Walter Christof , Krämer Veronika , Settels Volker , Engels Bernd
Published: June 2013

Seit längerem wird organischen Halbleitern für optoelektronische Anwendungen eine große Zukunft vorhergesagt. Während es einige Produkte gibt, die Marktreife erlangt haben, z.B. OLEDs, lässt der Durchbruch in der Photovoltaik noch auf sich warten. Dies hat unter anderem mit Störprozessen zu tun.
Nanopartikel für theranostische Anwendungen
Authors: Sowik Thomas , Hiersch Luisa , Schatzschneider Ulrich
Published: June 2013

Nanomaterialien begegnen uns heute im Alltag als Zusätze in Hygieneprodukten, Verpackungsmaterialen und sogar Lebensmitteln. Doch auch für medizinische Anwendungen haben sie ein großes Potential, das unter dem Begriff Nanomedizin zusammengefasst wird.
Galectine: Süße Zukunft für die Krebsforschung
Authors: Bertleff Nadja
Published: June 2013

Im Kampf gegen den Krebs rücken komplexe Zucker in den Focus. Sie sollen bestimmte Tumorproteine – die Galectine – mit einer Vorliebe für Süßes aufspüren.
Master Materialchemie
Authors: Kickelbick Guido , Betke Ulf
Published: June 2013

Gerade in kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen nimmt die Nachfrage nach Chemikern mit materialwissenschaftlichem Hintergrund und Materialwissenschaftlern mit chemischen Kenntnissen stetig zu. Im stark interdisziplinär ausgerichteten Masterstudiengang Materialchemie an der Universität des Saarlandes wird dieser Nachfrage Rechnung getragen. Durch die Kombination von natur‐ und ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Lehrveranstaltungen wird eine Verzahnung von Kenntnissen der Synthese und Eigenschaften von Molekülen mit der Denkweise von Ingenieuren erreicht.
Heat transfer and flow characteristics of nanofluid in a narrow annulus: Numerical study, modelling and optimisation
Authors: Bahiraei Mehdi , Hosseinalipour Seyed Mostafa , Hangi Morteza
Published: June 2013

This study attempts to evaluate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of water–Al2O3 nanofluid in a narrow annulus. The effects of volume fraction, the size of particles and the ratio of inner wall heat flux to outer wall heat flux were investigated on the convective heat transfer coefficients and friction coefficients at inner and outer walls of the annulus. Using smaller particles caused a greater heat transfer coefficient. Meanwhile, at higher volume fractions, changing the size of particles led to more considerable changes in the convective heat transfer coefficient and friction coefficient. As per the observation made, the value of heat transfer coefficient at the inner wall was larger than that of the outer wall. In contrast with the results of applying constant properties, changing the volume fraction will change the friction coefficient in the case of using variable properties. Moreover, genetic algorithm was used in combination with compromise programming in order to find the optimum values of the input parameters using neural network correlation.
Recurrence of high‐risk bladder cancer: A population‐based analysis
Authors: Chamie Karim , Litwin Mark S. , Bassett Jeffrey C. , Daskivich Timothy J. , Lai Julie , Hanley Jan M. , Konety Badrinath R. , Saigal Christopher S. ,   the Urologic Diseases in America Project
Published: June 2013

BACKGROUND

Patients with bladder cancer are apt to develop multiple recurrences that require intervention. The recurrence, progression, and bladder cancer–related mortality rates were examined in a cohort of individuals with high‐grade non–muscle‐invasive bladder cancer.

METHODS

Using linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare data, subjects were identified who had a diagnosis of high‐grade, non–muscle‐invasive disease in 1992 to 2002 and who were followed until 2007. Multivariate competing‐risks regression analyses were then used to examine recurrence, progression, and bladder cancer–related mortality rates.

RESULTS

Of 7410 subjects, 2897 (39.1%) experienced a recurrence without progression, 2449 (33.0%) experienced disease progression, of whom 981 succumbed to bladder cancer. Using competing‐risks regression analysis, the 10‐year recurrence, progression, and bladder cancer–related mortality rates were found to be 74.3%, 33.3%, and 12.3%, respectively. Stage T1 was the only variable associated with a higher rate of recurrence. Women, black race, undifferentiated grade, and stage Tis and T1 were associated with a higher risk of progression and mortality. Advanced age (≥ 70) was associated with a higher risk of bladder cancer–related mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

Nearly three‐fourths of patients diagnosed with high‐risk bladder cancer will recur, progress, or die within 10 years of their diagnosis. Even though most patients do not die of bladder cancer, the vast majority endures the morbidity of recurrence and progression of their cancer. Increasing efforts should be made to offer patients intravesical therapy with the goal of minimizing the incidence of recurrences. Furthermore, the high recurrence rate seen during the first 2 years of diagnosis warrants an intense surveillance schedule. Cancer 2013;119:3219–3227. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
The Applicability of a Seminal Professional Development Theory to Creative Arts Therapies Students
Authors: Orkibi Hod
Published: June 2013

The purpose of this mixed‐methods study was to test the extent to which a seminal theory of the professional development of counsellors and therapists is applicable to the particular experiences of creative arts therapies graduate students who learn how to use the arts in psychotherapy. Nevertheless, readers may consider the results of the present study transferable to other healthcare disciplines. Questionnaires for each developmental phase were used for data collection, and analysis included data quantification, assessment of inter‐rater agreement and theory derivation procedure. Results indicate that creative arts therapies students were concerned about translating theory into practice, learning how experienced therapists concretely function in practice, and reducing cognitive dissonance upon realization that their pre‐training lay conceptions of helping were no longer valid. Stress and anxiety drove students to adopt easily mastered techniques that were implemented creatively in practicum. The results confirm that students who were older and had undergraduate human‐service education and/or considerable life experience were less concerned about their suitability to the profession, were more acquainted with a professional working style and searched for their individual way of becoming therapists. Finally, recommendations for future research are suggested, and implications for practice are offered. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Key Practitioner Message

The study tested the applicability of a seminal theory of the professional development of counsellors and therapists to creative arts therapies students.

Students were concerned about reducing cognitive dissonance upon realization that their pre‐training lay conceptions of helping were no longer valid.

Stress and anxiety drove students to adopt easily mastered techniques that were implemented creatively in practicum.

Older students, with previous human‐service education or considerable life experience, were more certain about their suitability to the profession.
Detection of myo‐inositol tris pyrophosphate (ITPP) in equine following an administration of ITPP
Authors: Lam Geoffrey , Zhao Sarah , Sandhu Jasmeet , Yi Rong , Loganathan Devan , Morrissey Barbara
Published: June 2013

Myo‐Inositol tris pyrophosphate (ITPP) is a powerful allosteric modulator of haemoglobin that increases oxygen‐releasing capacity of red blood cells. It is capable of crossing the red blood cell membrane unlike its open polyphosphate analog myo‐inositol hexakisphosphate (IHP). Systemic administration of ITPP enhanced the exercise capacity in mice. There have been rumours of its abuse in the horse racing industry to enhance the performance of racing horses. In this paper, the detection of ITPP in equine plasma and urine after an administration of ITPP is reported. A Standardbred mare was administered 200 mg of ITPP intravenously. Urine and plasma samples were collected up to 120 h post administration and analyzed for ITPP by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. ITPP was detected in post administration plasma samples up to 6 hours. The peak concentration was detected at 5 min post administration. In urine, ITPP was detected up to 24 h post administration. The peak concentration was detected at 1.5 h post administration. Copyright © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2013.
Psychotropic Drug Treatment in Anorexia Nervosa. Search for Differences in Efficacy/Tolerability Between Adolescent and Mixed‐age Population
Authors: Balestrieri Matteo , Oriani Maria Ginevra , Simoncini Annalisa , Bellantuono Cesario
Published: June 2013

Background

During the last 10 years, the use of psychotropic medications in youth with psychiatric disorders, including eating disorders, has significantly increased, but their role in the treatment of adolescent anorexia nervosa is still controversial.

Objective

This paper aims to review the literature on the use of antidepressants and antipsychotics in adolescents with anorexia nervosa, comparing the efficacy and tolerability in this population with those reported in trials with patients not selected by age.

Method

A systematic review of the available literature published so far.

Results

Only few studies met the selection criteria. No strong evidence of beneficial effects was found in using antidepressants and antipsychotics neither in adults nor in adolescents. Side effects were more frequently reported in studies including adolescent population.

Among psychotropic drugs, the majority of studies focused on olanzapine, which seems to have, in some studies, only positive effects on body mass index, eating disorder symptoms and functional impairment in both age groups. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Endoscope‐assisted frenotomy approach to median upper neck masses: Clinical outcomes and safety (from a phase II clinical trial)
Authors: Woo Seung Hoon , Jeong Han‐Sin , Kim Jin Pyeong , Park Jung Je , Baek Chung‐Hwan
Published: June 2013

Background

An endoscope‐assisted frenotomy approach (EFA) to resection of the median upper neck mass has been introduced to clinical practice. However, its technical feasibility, indications, and safety have not been fully studied. Here, we report the results of a prospective phase II clinical trial to evaluate the clinical outcomes.

Methods

Twenty patients were enrolled in this trial. The masses were divided into 3 subtypes. We implemented EFA to remove the masses after receiving informed patient consent. We evaluated the clinical outcomes and complications related to this procedure for more than a 2‐year period.

Results

EFA successfully removed the masses in all cases without any injuries to adjacent nerves or ducts. During the more than 2‐year follow‐up period, recurrence or revision surgeries were not required.

Conclusion

EFA can be a very effective and safe approach for median upper neck masses, and can also lead to excellent cosmetic and functional results. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 985–991, 2014
Cervical metastases from squamous cell carcinoma of hard palate and maxillary alveolus: A retrospective study of 10 years
Authors: Yang Zinan , Deng Runzhi , Sun Guowen , Huang Xiaofeng , Tang Enyi
Published: June 2013

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of cervical metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of hard palate and maxillary alveolus and to define its impact factors.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of patients surgically treated for SCC of hard palate and maxillary alveolus from 2002 to 2011. In situ hybridization was performed to detect high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Results

The incidences of cervical metastasis and occult metastasis were 17.2% (11/64) and 9.8% (5/51), respectively. The pT classification and vascular invasion were correlated with cervical metastasis. Occult metastatic risk was significantly higher among patients with pT4. Presence of positive nodes impaired prognosis significantly.

Conclusion

SCC of hard palate and maxillary alveolus has nonnegligible incidences of both overall and occult metastasis, which were highly associated with pT classification. We recommend routine, synchronous elective neck dissection for T4 lesions, whereas observation is an alternative for T1 to T3 lesions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 969–975, 2014
Characterization of dust emission from alluvial sources using aircraft observations and high‐resolution modeling
Authors: Schepanski K. , Flamant C. , Chaboureau J.‐P. , Kocha C. , Banks J. R. , Brindley H. E. , Lavaysse C. , Marnas F. , Pelon J. , Tulet P.
Published: June 2013

We investigate mineral dust emission from alluvial sediments within the upland region in northern Mauritania in the vicinity of a decaying nocturnal low‐level jet (LLJ). For the first time, the impact of valleys that are embedded in a rather homogeneous surrounding is investigated with regard to their role as dust source. Measures for local atmospheric dust burden were retrieved from airborne observations, satellite observations, and model simulations and analyzed in order to provide complementary information at different horizontal scales. Observations by the LEANDRE Nouvelle Generation backscatter lidar system flying aboard the French Falcon 20 aircraft were taken along five parallel flight legs perpendicular to the orientation of the main valley system dominating the topography of the study area. Results from a comparison of lidar‐derived extinction coefficients with topography and aerial photographs confirm the relevance of (1) alluvial sediments at the valley bottoms as a dust source, and (2) the break‐down of the nocturnal LLJ as a trigger for dust emission in this region. An evaluation of the AROME regional model, forecasting dust at high resolution (5 km grid), points toward an under‐representation of alluvial dust sources in this region. This is also evident from simulations by the MesoNH research model. Although MesoNH simulations show higher dust loadings than AROME, which are more comparable to the observations, both models underestimate the dust concentrations within the boundary layer compared to lidar observations. A sensitivity study on the impact of horizontal grid spacing (5 km versus 1 km) highlights the importance of spatial resolution on simulated dust loadings.
Novel utilization of 3D technology and the hybrid operating theatre: Peri‐operative assessment of posterior sterno‐clavicular dislocation using cone beam CT
Authors: Crowhurst James A. , Campbell Douglas , Whitby Mark , Pathmanathan Pavthrun
Published: June 2013

A patient with a medial and posterior dislocation of the right sterno‐clavicular (SC) joint and displacement of the trachea and brachiocephalic artery by the medial head of the clavicle underwent general anaesthetic in the operating theatre for an open reduction procedure. The surgeon initially attempted a closed reduction, but this required imaging to check SC alignment. The patient was transferred to an adjacent hybrid operating theatre for imaging. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed, which successfully demonstrated a significant reduction in the dislocation of the SC joint. The trachea and brachiocephalic artery were no longer compressed or displaced. This case study demonstrates an alternative to the patient being transferred to the medical imaging department for multi‐slice CT. It also describes a novel use of the hybrid operating theatre and its CBCT capabilities.
μFEA successfully exhibits higher stresses and strains in microdamaged regions of whole vertebrae
Authors: Herblum Ryan , Beek Maarten , Whyne Cari M
Published: June 2013

Micro‐finite element (μFE) modeling has shown promise in evaluating the structural integrity of trabecular bone. Histologic microcrack analyses have been compared to μFE models of trabecular bone cores to demonstrate the potential of this technique. To date this has not been achieved in whole bone structures, and comparisons of histologic microcrack and μFE results have been limited due to challenges in alignment of 2D sections with 3D data sets. The goal of this study was to ascertain if image registration can facilitate determination of a relationship between stresses and strains generated from μFE models of whole vertebrae and histologically identified microdamage. μFE models of three whole vertebrae, stained sequentially with calcein and fuchsin, were generated with accurate integration of element sets representing the histologic sections based on volumetric image registration. Displacement boundary conditions were applied to the μFE models based on registration of loaded and unloaded μCT images. Histologically labeled damaged regions were found to have significantly higher von Mises stresses and principle strains in the μFE models, as compared to undamaged regions. This work provides a new robust method for generating and histologically validating μFE models of whole bones that can represent trabecular damage resulting from complex physiologic loading. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1653–1660, 2013
Is there a “July effect” for head and neck cancer surgery?
Authors: Hennessey Patrick T. , Francis Howard W. , Gourin Christine G.
Published: June 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis

A “July effect” of increased complications when new trainees begin residency has been reported widely by the media. We sought to determine the effect of admission month on in‐hospital mortality, complications, length of hospitalization, and costs for patients undergoing head and neck cancer (HNCA) surgery.

Study Design

Retrospective cross‐sectional study.

Methods

Discharge data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for 48,263 patients who underwent an ablative procedure for a malignant oral cavity, laryngeal, hypopharyngeal, or oropharyngeal neoplasm in 2005 to 2008 were analyzed using cross‐tabulations and multivariate regression modeling.

Results

There were 3,812 cases admitted in July (8%). July admission was significantly associated with Medicaid (RRR 1.40, P = 0.011) or self‐pay payor status (RRR 1.40, P = 0.022), medium hospital bed size (RRR 1.63, P = 0.033) and large hospital bed size (RRR 1.73, P = 0.013). There was no association between July admission and other patient or hospital demographic characteristics. Major procedures and comorbidity were significantly associated with in‐hospital death, surgical and medical complications, length of hospitalization, and costs, but no association was found for July admission, July through September discharge, or teaching hospital status and short‐term morbidity or mortality. Teaching hospitals and large hospital bed size were predictors of increased length of hospitalization and costs; and private, for profit hospitals were additionally associated with increased costs. No interaction between July admission and teaching hospitals was found for any of the outcome variables studied.

Conclusions

These data do not support evidence of a “July effect” or an increase in morbidity or mortality at teaching hospitals providing HNCA surgical care.

Level of Evidence

2c. Laryngoscope, 123:1889–1895, 2013
Er:YAG Laser Activation of Sodium Hypochlorite for Root Canal Soft Tissue Dissolution
Authors: Kuhn Katharina , Rudolph Heike , Luthardt Ralph G. , Stock Karl , Diebolder Rolf , Hibst Raimund
Published: June 2013

Background and Objective

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the ability of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) to dissolve soft tissue during endodontic procedures.

Materials and Methods

Two acrylic glass plates, each containing a semi‐canal, were bolted together to form a complete canal. This geometry permitted one semi‐canal to be filled with fine liver sausage of bovine origin dyed by methylene blue and the other with NaOCl (4.00–4.99% available chlorine; Sigma–Aldrich Corporation, St. Louis, MA), which was then activated by Er:YAG laser irradiation (KEY Laser 3; KaVo, Biberach, Germany) using a plain‐ended fiber tip and a range of output energy and repetition rate. To achieve relatively low output energy from high input energy, the laser beam was attenuated by placing glass slides in the beam path. The resultant images acquired were analyzed using pixel‐based analysis. Samples were statistically analyzed (two‐way ANOVA, P < 0.05, univariate, bifactorial; IBM SPSS Statistics 19, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).

Results

Both output energy and repetition rate significantly influenced the tissue dissolution ability of NaOCl (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this in vitro study, we conclude that laser activation of NaOCl at 200 mW output power leads to effective soft tissue dissolution. This finding can be of use to endodontists pursuing effective soft tissue dissolution from their irrigants. Lasers Surg. Med. 45:339–344, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Proof‐of‐concept of a laser mounted endoscope for touch‐less navigated procedures
Authors: Kral Florian , Gueler Oezguer , Perwoeg Martina , Bardosi Zoltan , Puschban Elisabeth J. , Riechelmann Herbert , Freysinger Wolfgang
Published: June 2013

Background and Objectives

During navigated procedures a tracked pointing device is used to define target structures in the patient to visualize its position in a registered radiologic data set. When working with endoscopes in minimal invasive procedures, the target region is often difficult to reach and changing instruments is disturbing in a challenging, crucial moment of the procedure. We developed a device for touch less navigation during navigated endoscopic procedures.

Materials and Methods

A laser beam is delivered to the tip of a tracked endoscope angled to its axis. Thereby the position of the laser spot in the video‐endoscopic images changes according to the distance between the tip of the endoscope and the target structure. A mathematical function is defined by a calibration process and is used to calculate the distance between the tip of the endoscope and the target. The tracked tip of the endoscope and the calculated distance is used to visualize the laser spot in the registered radiologic data set.

Results

In comparison to the tracked instrument, the touch less target definition with the laser spot yielded in an over and above error of 0.12 mm. The overall application error in this experimental setup with a plastic head was 0.61 ± 0.97 mm (95% CI −1.3 to +2.5 mm).

Conclusion

Integrating a laser in an endoscope and then calculating the distance to a target structure by image processing of the video endoscopic images is accurate. This technology eliminates the need for tracked probes intraoperatively and therefore allows navigation to be integrated seamlessly in clinical routine. However, it is an additional chain link in the sequence of computer‐assisted surgery thus influencing the application error. Lasers Surg. Med. 45:377–382, 2013. © 2013 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An improved authentication with key agreement scheme on elliptic curve cryptosystem for global mobility networks
Authors: Li Xuelei , Wen Qiaoyan , Zhang Hua , Jin Zhengping
Published: June 2013

In this paper, we cryptanalyze Rhee et al.'s ‘Remote user authentication scheme without using smart cards’, and prove that their scheme is not completely secure against user impersonation attack. The security flaw is caused by mathematical homomorphism of the registration information. In addition, their scheme lacks key agreement procedures for generating the session key to encrypt the communication messages after mutual authentication. Furthermore, a modification is proposed to improve the security, practicability and robustness of such scheme. Firstly, we introduce elliptic curve cryptosystem to enhance the security. Secondly, in order to improve the practicability, our improvement is much more easily implemented using portable devices in global mobility networks; moreover, a synchronized clock system, traditional password table or ancillary equipment are not required in our improvement. Finally, the proposed scheme not only achieves mutual authentication, but also provides the procedure for key agreement and update of secrets for users and servers to increase the robustness. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proton versus photon radiation therapy for patients with high‐risk neuroblastoma: The need for a customized approach
Authors: Hill‐Kayser Christine , Tochner Zelig , Both Stefan , Lustig Robert , Reilly Anne , Balamuth Naomi , Womer Richard , Maris John , Grupp Stephen , Bagatell Rochelle
Published: June 2013

Background

Proton therapy for treatment for high‐risk neuroblastoma may offer sparing of organs at risk (OAR) when compared to intensity‐modulated X‐ray therapy (IMXT).

Procedure

Double‐scattered proton plans and IMXT plans delivering 2,160 cGy to the primary tumor site and other residual disease were developed for 13 consecutive HR‐NBL patients. Radiation doses to target volumes and OAR were calculated to determine the optimal modality for each.

Results

All patients received radiation (5/13 ≥ 2 sites). No patient has experienced local recurrence or clinical organ toxicity. Coverage was excellent using both protons and IMXT: median % dose delivered to 95% clinical target volume was 99% and 100%, respectively. For nine patients with lateralized disease, proton therapy offered sparing of the contralateral kidney both with regard to median dose and dose to 20% (median <1 cGy vs. 362 cGy, P = 0.01; median 100 cGy vs. 634 cGy, P = 0.02, respectively). Proton therapy did not reduce ipsilateral kidney dose, and for 2 select patients with lateralized disease IMXT improved overall bilateral renal sparing. Proton therapy improved median bowel (median 33 cGy vs. 590 cGy, P = 0.01), total body (median <1 cGy vs. 30 cGy, P = 0.15), and liver dose (median <1 cGy vs. 529, P < 0.001). When chest RT was required, proton therapy decreased median heart dose and mean lung dose.

Conclusions

For most patients (11/13), proton therapy offered the optimal combination of target coverage and organ sparing, and is a feasible treatment for HR‐NBL. We recommend a customized approach with careful evaluation of renal dosimetry; IMXT may be preferred for select patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;60:1606–1611. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of obesity on antibiotic treatment failure: a historical cohort study
Authors: Longo Cristina , Bartlett Gillian , MacGibbon Brenda , Mayo Nancy , Rosenberg Ellen , Nadeau Lyne , Daskalopoulou Stella S.
Published: June 2013

Purpose

Obesity, a major health issue, is also an important risk factor for infections. Evidence demonstrates that excess weight affects the disposition of antibiotics but little work has been done to explore if this results in antibiotic treatment failure (ATF). ATF has serious adverse health outcomes and may increase treatment resistance. Given that obese patients often have other health issues, it is important to determine if excess weight independently increases the likelihood of ATF.

Methods

Consenting patients (N = 18 014), randomly sampled from Santé Québec Health surveys (1992, 1998), were linked with administrative health databases. Patients were within the normal, overweight, and obese weight categories aged 20–79 years old, receiving at least one course of antibiotic therapy from the survey date until December 2005. ATF was defined as any additional antibiotic prescriptions or hospitalizations for infections within the 30 days after initial therapy. Logistic regression was used to assess the impact of excess weight on ATF after adjusting for patient characteristics, comorbidities, history of antibiotic use, antibiotic resistance, and flu season.

Results

Of the final sample size (N = 6 179), 39.0% were overweight and 21.4% were obese. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin (16.0%), ciprofloxacin (9.2%), phenoxymethylpenicillin (8.8%), trimethroprim/sulfamethoxazole (8.6%), and clarithromycin (8.5%). ATF occurred in 828 (13.4%) of the 6 179 study patients. Obesity was a significant predictor of ATF (adjusted OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.03–1.52).

Conclusion

Obesity is a significant risk factor for ATF, and this association may be due to the current “one size fits all” dosing strategy, which warrants further investigation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.