bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying nutrient uptake as driver of rock weathering in forest ecosystems by magnesium stable isotopes
Authors: Uhlig David , Schuessler Jan A. , Bouchez Julien , Dixon Jean L. , von Blanckenburg Friedhelm
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Plants and soil microbiota play an active role in rock weathering and potentially couple weathering at depth with erosion at the soil surface. The nature of this coupling is still unresolved because we lacked means to quantify the passage of chemical elements from rock through higher plants. In a temperate forested landscape characterised by relatively fast (∼ 220 t km−2 yr−1) denudation and a kinetically limited weathering regime of the Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory (SSCZO), California, we measured magnesium (Mg) stable isotopes that are sensitive indicators of Mg utilisation by biota. We find that Mg is highly bio-utilised: 50–100 % of the Mg released by chemical weathering is taken up by forest trees. To estimate the tree uptake of other bio-utilised elements (K, Ca, P and Si) we compared the dissolved fluxes of these elements and Mg in rivers with their solubilisation fluxes from rock (rock dissolution flux minus secondary mineral formation flux). We find a deficit in the dissolved fluxes throughout, which we attribute to the nutrient uptake by forest trees. Therefore both the Mg isotopes and the flux comparison suggest that a substantial part of the major element weathering flux is consumed by the tree biomass. The enrichment of 26Mg over 24Mg in tree trunks relative to leaves suggests that tree trunks account for a substantial fraction of the net uptake of Mg. This isotopic and elemental compartment separation is prevented from obliteration (which would occur by Mg redissolution) by two potential effects. Either the mineral nutrients accumulate today in regrowing forest biomass after clear cutting, or they are exported in litter and coarse woody debris (CWD) such that they remain in solid biomass. Over pre-forest-management weathering timescales, this removal flux might have been in operation in the form of natural erosion of CWD. Regardless of the removal mechanism, our approach provides entirely novel means towards the direct quantification of biogenic uptake following weathering. We find that Mg and other nutrients and the plant-beneficial element Si (bio-elements) are taken up by trees at up to 6 m depth, and surface recycling of all bio-elements but P is minimal. Thus, in the watersheds of the SSCZO, the coupling between erosion and weathering might be established by bio-elements that are taken up by trees, are not recycled and are missing in the dissolved river flux due to erosion as CWD and as leaf-derived bio-opal for Si. We suggest that the partitioning of a biogenic weathering flux into eroded plant debris might represent a significant global contribution to element export after weathering in eroding mountain catchments that are characterised by a continuous supply of fresh mineral nutrients.
Spatial distribution of turbulent mixing in the upper ocean of the South China Sea
Authors: Shang Xiao-Dong , Liang Chang-Rong , Chen Gui-Ying
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The spatial distribution of the dissipation rate (ε) and diapycnal diffusivity (κ) in the upper ocean of the South China Sea (SCS) is presented from a measurement program conducted from 26 April to 23 May 2010. In the vertical distribution, the dissipation rates below the surface mixed layer were predominantly high in the thermocline where shear and stratification were strong. In the regional distribution, high dissipation rates and diapycnal diffusivities were observed in the region to the west of the Luzon Strait, with an average dissipation rate and diapycnal diffusivity of 8.3  ×  10−9 W kg−1 and 2.7  ×  10−5 m2 s−1, respectively, almost 1 order of magnitude higher than those in the central and southern SCS. In the region to the west of the Luzon Strait, the water column was characterized by strong shear and weak stratification. Elevated dissipation rates (ε > 10−7 W kg−1) and diapycnal diffusivities (κ > 10−4 m2 s−1), induced by shear instability, occurred in the water column. In the central and southern SCS, the water column was characterized by strong stratification and weak shear and the turbulent mixing was weak. Internal waves and internal tides generated near the Luzon Strait are expected to make a dominant contribution to the strong turbulent mixing and shear in the region to the west of the Luzon Strait. The observed dissipation rates were found to scale positively with the shear and stratification, which were consistent with the MacKinnon–Gregg model used for the continental shelf but different from the Gregg–Henyey scaling used for the open ocean.
La estandarización de vocês en el portugués europeo continental
Authors: Lara Bermejo Víctor
Published: June 2017

La generalización de vocês como tratamiento plural informal en el portugués europeo continental aún sigue sin ser investigada a fondo. Excepto por los datos del Atlas lingüístico de la Península Ibérica y las escasas ocurrencias en el corpus CORDIAL-SIN, no existen más estudios sobre este fenómeno ni sobre su doble concordancia. Con el fin de proporcionar más luz acerca del uso de vocês y de las concordancias que conlleva, así como su evolución a lo largo de casi un siglo, hemos realizado una serie de encuestas a informantes mayores de 60 años, cuyos resultados, basados en un análisis del cambio en tiempo real, indican un aumento geográfico de esta particularidad y la propensión por parte de las mujeres y de los centros urbanos a respetar el estándar, así como un cambio paradigmático en el sistema de formas de tratamiento en plural en Portugal.
El silencio y la Segunda Guerra Mundial en la narrativa de Ricardo Menéndez Salmón
Authors: Guijarro Lasheras Rodrigo
Published: June 2017

La ofensa (2007) y Medusa (2012), de Ricardo Menéndez Salmón, son dos de las últimas novelas españolas que recrean la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El autor gijonés elige este conflicto como marco en el que situar algunos de los temas más característicos de su literatura, particularmente la reflexión sobre el mal y el papel del arte frente al mismo. Este trabajo pretende analizar dichas novelas en tanto que implican un planteamiento común: el silencio como respuesta al horror, actitud que encarnan tanto Kurt como Prohaska, protagonistas de sendas narraciones. Se propondrá, de este modo, un análisis de las distintas formas en las que las dos novelas tematizan el silencio a partir de dos ejes: el silencio del sujeto (Kurt y Prohaska) y el silencio del arte (Prohaska y el propio narrador de ambas novelas). Se genera así una dimensión meta-narrativa en la que el propio narrador pone en práctica las mismas estrategias de distanciamiento y desapego que su personaje emplea para la plasmación del conflicto bélico. Todo ello responde, en último término, no tanto a una voluntad de interpretar la Segunda Guerra Mundial como a la construcción de un marco que resulta idóneo para desarrollar las constantes temáticas que interesan al autor.
CHALLENGE OF RUBBER/GRAPHENE COMPOSITES AIMING AT REAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Yang Zhijun , Guo Baochun , Zhang Liqun
Published: June 2017

Graphene has attracted a great deal of interest in recent years, illustrated by its potential in a variety of areas in physics, chemistry, and engineering. Specifically, graphene has opened up exciting possibilities for high-performance and functional rubber composites. Although copious literature deals with the fascinating properties related to graphene, its real (large scale) applications in rubber-based composites have not been approached. We discuss the state of the art in development in processing and the status in understanding of structure/performance relationships. Accordingly, the prospectives and challenges of some real applications of graphene-based rubber composites such as tires and sensors are surveyed and discussed.
A case report of a renal liposarcoma with penile metastases
Authors: Turner Benjamin , Tiwari Sandeep , Gunaratne Malathi , Kumaran Maruti
Published: June 2017

A 73-year-old man presented to his general practitioner with a left sided abdominal mass, intermittent night sweats and left sided sciatic pain on movement. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a well encapsulated mass arising from the left kidney, measuring 180 mm × 150 mm. Following an open nephrectomy, the tumour was confirmed as being Trojani Grade II dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Repeat CTs at four months and one-year post-surgery were clear of metastases, but after 17 months the patient presented in the emergency department with severe right-sided flank pain. A CT scan showed evidence of metastatic recurrence in the lungs, sternum and right quadratus lumborum muscle. The patient was treated with palliative radiotherapy and a repeat CT taken to assess the rate of disease progression showed a new metastatic deposit within the right penile corpus cavernosum.
Precedent Names in the Text Field of Marina Tsvetaeva from the Perspective of Free Indirect Discourse
Authors: Salimova Daniya Abuzarovna , Puchinina Olga Pavlovna
Published: June 2017

The present study is complied with the topical theme “name in the text” and devoted to the problems of how precedent names as the text-forming elements function in the poems and prose works of Marina Tsvetaeva within the framework of free indirect discourse. The authors study various methods and functions of personal names. The authors make conclusions concerning the frequency of precedent names and the specific character of intertextual elements in Tsvetaeva’s text, which, on the one hand, complicates the perception of the text, but on the other hand, promotes including both the poet and the reader into the world-wide cultural and spiritual environment. The ways of introducing the name and the persona, especially within free indirect discourse, specifies the further existence of the name / or its absence in the text.
The Presentation of the Gentleman in Jane Austen's Novel Emma (1816)
Authors: Sadeq Ala Eddin
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study is to trace the origin of the concept of "gentility" and its development over the course of time. The meaning of the word has shifted slightly since its original use in the classification system. During the Industrial Revolution, the meaning of the word "gentleman" expanded to include the merchants, clergy, army officers, and parliamentary members. The mercantile elites were referred as gentlemen due to the wealth and influence that they had amassed. The text selected for analysis is Jane Austen’s Emma (1816), which highlights the themes of social classes. The novel presents characters that belong to different classes, and sheds light on ideas such as the superiority of the upper-class over the middle and low-class people, and the attempts that people make to climb to higher classes in the society.
Estimating the Common Mean of k Normal Populations with Known Variance
Authors: Farsipour N. Sanjari , Asgharzadeh A.
Published: June 2017

Consider the problem of estimating the common mean of knormal populations with known variances. We study the admisibility of the Best linear Risk Unbiased Equivariant (BLRUE)estimator of the common mean of k normalpopulations underthe squared error and LINEX loss function when the variancesare known.
Weapon of the Weak: One-Minute Speeches in the Israeli Parliament
Authors: Osnat Akirav
Published: June 2017

Position taking is an important legislative area that scholars have investigated extensively. Since one of the main roles of the opposition is to present an alternative to the government, the question is, how does the opposition establish its positions? To address this question, we analyze the use of One-Minute Speeches (OMSs) by opposition members in the Israeli parliament (the Knesset) during 2000-2013. There were four Knesset terms during these years, so we have the opportunity to study the opposition’s behavior over a period of time. We decided to analyze OMSs because they are considered an easy tool to use and as such can be considered a weapon of the weak. The study uses mixed research methods, beginning with a statistical analysis (both at the legislator level and at the OMS level) and continuing with a content analysis of the speeches and the interviews conducted with members and leaders of the opposition. The statistical analysis shows that opposition members use OMSs more extensively than coalition members. Among the opposition members, we also found different behavior patterns based on nationality and seniority. In addition, the qualitative analysis of both the OMSs and the interviews shows that opposition members are active in two ways. First, they react to government-initiated proposals. Second, they raise topics for the Knesset’s agenda, a move that the coalition generally does not appreciate. Third, members of the opposition consider OMSs an effective tool in that it allows them to create a relevant debate on current issues. Finally, ministers and other MKs often respond to the opposition’s OMSs that are controversial and provoke debate. Thus, we conclude that the OMS is a weapon of the weak.
ICT and environmental support for patients with frailty syndrome: Carewell Project, Focus Project and SUNFRAIL Project.
Authors: Piotrowicz Jerzy , Soll Aneta , Kielar Urszula , Zwiefka Antoni , Guligowska Agnieszka , Pigłowska Małgorzata , Kostka Tomasz , Kurpas Donata
Published: June 2017

Zachowania dobrostanu i samodzielności przez osoby starsze wynika z wdrażania zasad „dobrego starzenia się” opartego na aktywności i uczestnictwie w życiu zawodowym i społecznym oraz promocji zdrowego stylu życia. Coraz większe znaczenie przypisuje się rozpowszechnieniu zespołu słabości wśród pacjentów w wieku podeszłym. Pacjenci ci charakteryzują się zwiększoną wrażliwością na bodźce, upośledzoną zdolnością do radzenia sobie z wewnętrznymi i środowiskowymi czynnikami stresogennymi, a także posiadają ograniczoną zdolność do utrzymania stanu fizjologicznej i psychospołecznej homeostazy W takich przypadkach konieczne jest wsparcie pacjentów opieką zintegrowaną polegającą na wsparciu środowiska oraz najnowszej technologii. Zapewnienie mieszkańcom województwa dolnośląskiego wysokiej jakości życia, dopasowanie usług społecznych do potrzeb mieszkańców oraz sama integracja społeczna są zgodne ze Strategia Integracji Społecznej na Dolnym Śląsku. Dlatego też, na Dolnym Śląsku wsparcie takich pacjentów technologią, zostało zapoczątkowane pilotażem projektu CareWell i WRP®. Zastosowanie nowych technologii wymaga kampanii społecznej, informacji w mediach i wzbudzenia społecznego zaciekawienia, wręcz mody na ich stosowanie. Pozwoli to na doskonalenie nowych usług, obniżenie kosztów i poprawę bezpieczeństwa ludzi. W miejsce kosztownej opieki specjalistycznej pacjenci w wieku podeszłym uzyskują opiekę indywidualizowaną, lokowaną w środowisku, mniej kosztowną lecz bardziej intensywną. Projekt FOCUS zajmuje się zmniejszeniem obciążenia zespołem słabości w populacji osób w wieku podeszłym w Europie z uwzględnieniem wzmocnienia wsparcia środowiskowego. Celem projektu SUNFRAIL jest poprawa identyfikacji, zapobiegania i zarządzanie zespołem słabości oraz opieką nad wielochorobowością wśród osób po 65 roku życia mieszkających w społeczności lokalnej przez regionalne ośrodki i instytucje krajów UE.
By the people, for the people: The Oregon State University Libraries annual In-Service Day
Authors: Hussong-Christian Uta , Kunda Sue , Rempel Hannah Gascho
Published: June 2017

On September 10, 2008, the Oregon State University (OSU) Libraries shut its doors . . . for the annual In-Service Day event. Eighty employees from all three OSU libraries gathered at the Valley Library on the OSU main campus. Karyle Butcher, university librarian, strongly supports this annual event planned by library staff for library staff and states that “the goal is to learn, to have fun and to develop better relationships and understanding of the departments and units with the OSU Libraries. My belief is that in doing so, we all work better and have a shared view of what . . .
The convenience of nonprobability: Survey strategies for small academic libraries
Authors: Skowronek Dolores , Duerr Larry
Published: June 2017

Recent research on how college students use libraries has raised some interesting questions for academic librarians. Data from the report “College Students’ Perceptions of Libraries and Information Resources: A Report to the OCLC Membership” illuminates how college students from around the world view libraries and what they want from libraries. Asked to increasingly justify their relevance on campus, academic libraries need to decide what services and resources to offer to students, both in person and virtually. Librarians face choices of providing students with what they want and what librarians and faculty think they need. The OCLC report drives home the . . .
News from the Field
Authors: Free David
Published: June 2017

The American Philosophical Society (APS) recently launched PAL (People Also Liked), a circulation data-driven recommendation tool designed specifically for archives and manuscript repositories. Similar to the customer recommendation tools used by major online commerce sites, like Amazon and Netflix, PAL helps scholars discover relevant manuscript collections based on request history and user interests. Researchers at APS use it to sift through the 13 million pages of manuscripts held at the APS Library, including the Papers of Benjamin Franklin, the Journals of Lewis and Clark, and the papers of seven Nobel Laureates.
Writing on the walls: Engaging students through whiteboards
Authors: Pruneda Karen , Wilson Amber , Riedmueller Jessica
Published: June 2017

In today’s digital environment, connecting with students in a meaningful way can be difficult. Our recent whiteboard project at the University of Central Arkansas (UCA) was a successful way for us to engage students in the physical space of the library. UCA’s Carnegie classification is “Master’s Colleges and Universities (larger programs)” and had a total enrollment of 11,487 students for the fall 2016 semester. For the fiscal year 2015–16 our gate count was 482,934 students. The UCA Library operations are managed by 11 faculty members and 30 staff members, plus the assistance of 35 student workers.
Assessing UNC-Greensboro’s Reference Interns Program: Enhancing the employability of LIS students
Authors: Duffus Orolando
Published: June 2017

For decades libraries have been highly dependent on student interns to provide reference and other library services. In recent years, the roles and responsibilities of reference librarians have undergone significant changes. With the emergence of technology and development of virtual communication channels, reference service is no longer limited to a single physical space. In many academic libraries, the reference desk is either staffed by highly trained paraprofessionals or by student workers. In other instances, the reference desk has been dissolved or merged with other service points such as circulation or access services. Some libraries have moved to a system where patrons are referred to subject librarians or liaisons when specialized expertise and in-depth research techniques are required.
First-time faculty librarian, second-year experience: Continuing the tenure process
Authors: Romanowski Cynthia A.
Published: June 2017

In my essay entitled “First-time faculty, first-year experience: Overcoming tenure fears” in the December 2015 issue of C&RL News,1 I mentioned that I skipped a year in the tenure process due to my start date and have only been a faculty librarian since January 2015. I recently ended my second year and turned in my third-year portfolio. As I embark on my fourth-year portfolio, I still have concerns with needing to continuously show progress within the areas of teaching/primary duties, research/creative activity, and service throughout the tenure process.
ACRL programs at the 2017 ALA Annual Conference: A brief overview
Authors: College and Research Libraries Association of
Published: June 2017

ACRL Board of DirectorsSessions highlightsACRL special events at ALA Annual Conference
Washington Hotline
Authors: Hines Shawnda
Published: June 2017

In March, the President submitted his budget outline to Congress recommending elimination of LSTA and IAL funding for FY2018, as well as significant cuts in research funding. The budget also proposed deep cuts to TRIO, GEAR UP, and other work-study programs, which would impact libraries that rely on student employees. (Many libraries use TRIO and GEAR UP funds to help students get prepared to attend college.) The budget also called for these major cuts in education funding: $3.9 billion in Pell Grants, $732 million in student grant aid, and elimination of Supplemental Education Opportunity Grants for low-income college students.
Fast Facts
Authors: Pattillo Gary
Published: June 2017

A recent study at a large, public, research-extensive university “suggest(s) that first-year students who used a library resource at least once were significantly more likely than their peers who did not use the library to report development of critical thinking and analytical skills, written communication skills, and reading comprehension skills.”
A SOURCE OF INSPIRATION
Authors: Baldwin Neil
Published: June 2017

It was the turbulent spring of 1970. My second semester as a graduate teaching fellow at SUNY/Buffalo was drawing to a close, and it was time to start thinking about the focus for my oral qualifying examination. Beyond that, an even more terrifying prospect loomed before me like a ghostly, 300-page shadow, what to choose as my Ph.D. dissertation topic¿̣
I remember stopping timidly into the offices of various English Department eminences grises—Leslie Fiedler, Marcus Klein, Robert Creeley—and speaking with them about my newly kindled passion for modern poetry. In those heady days just after the untimely death of Charles . . .
STILL SPECIAL AFTER ALL THESE YEARS
Authors: Billings Harold
Published: June 2017

To answer the question, one needs to consider whether special collections are any more special today than they have been in the past. The question has particularly intrigued me since I was asked to present a paper in November 1976 as part of the University of Texas at Austin Graduate School of Library Science Colloquium Series, to wit —“What’s So Special about Special Collections¿̣”
My perspective was that of a university administrator with line responsibility for one of the great Latin American collections in the world, the most comprehensive collection of Texas-related materials in existence, very young area collections of . . .
NOT SO PUBLIC: ACCESS TO COLLECTIONS
Authors: Sax Joseph L.
Published: June 2017

~ JAMES E. B. BRESLIN
In 1951, Kurt Eissler, a psychoanalyst who as head of the Freud Archives controlled many of Freud’s papers, deposited the collection at the Library of Congress (LC) under an arrangement that sealed various materials until 2020, 2038, 2053, 2057, and, in the case of one item, 2113. Although LC staff members have worked commendably to open as much of the collection as possible to the public (about 90 . . .
Editors’ Note
Authors: Kiesling Kris , Whittaker Beth M.
Published: June 2017

The 49th annual RBMS Preconference, “Rare and Special Bytes: Special Collections in the Digital Age,” was held in Los Angeles June 24–27, 2008. In addition to enjoying the warm southern California sunshine and hospitality, participants were challenged to rethink how special collections libraries and archives function, how they present themselves to researchers and the public, and how born digital and born-again digital materials in our collections add a new dimension to nearly everything we do.
The papers in this issue of RBM represent fewer than half of the plenary presentations at the Preconference. Plenary speakers imparted practical advice on . . .
Why I Hate Booksellers’ Catalogues (Not Really … Well, Maybe Sometimes)
Authors: Whiteman Bruce
Published: June 2017

During the past few months, I have been asked about accepting as gifts two rather large accumulations of antiquarian booksellers’ catalogues. One was from a private collector who had kept his catalogues over a thirty-five-year period. The other was from a bookseller himself, who had also never been able to throw out a catalogue and had accumulated many boxes of them since the late 1960s, along with much earlier ones he’d inherited from various sources. These two potential donors came to me because they had heard that the William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, under my direction, had started to save . . .
Guest Editor’s Note
Authors: Nelsen R. Arvid
Published: June 2017

This issue attempts to capture a small piece of the 50th RBMS/ACRL Preconference, held last June 17–20, 2009 in Charlottesville, Virginia. Many people enthusiastically contributed to this 50th event, representing RBMS committees and ACRL and including former members we had not seen for some time. In addition to plenary speakers, many sessions featured individuals providing special congratulations or historical remarks, and we had a wide variety of short programs including seminars, discussion sessions, short papers, and a record four optional workshops.
All this is a way of saying how much content we had to work with this year. I . . .
Bringing Rare Books to Light: The State of the Profession
Authors: Hubbard Melissa A. , Myers Ann K.D.
Published: June 2017

When the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) released the results of its 1998 survey of special collections, the backlog of unprocessed and uncataloged collections emerged as one of the most serious and daunting issues facing the profession. An increasingly enthusiastic professional discourse about the “hidden collections” problem, as it became known, has developed as a result. The ARL Special Collections Task Force, convened in 2001 and dissolved in 2006, focused on exposing hidden collections as a top agenda item, and produced the much-cited white paper, “Hidden Collections, Scholarly Barriers.” This active discourse has also induced a flurry of articles and . . .
The Psychology of Letting Go
Authors: Fox Michael
Published: June 2017

While recently rereading The Duke’s Children, the last volume of Anthony Trollope’s Palliser series, I encountered the following remark: “Nothing will ever be quite what it used to be.”1 Or, to paraphrase the title character in the movie The Big Lebowski, “Change abides.”Letting things go is simply one facet in the continuous process of change with which we all must deal: the “C-word.” It seems reasonable to consider the situations that cause us to let things go and to examine the various reactions I have observed in myself and others in such circumstances. I hope that this analysis will . . .
The First White House Library: A History and Annotated Catalogue. Edited by Catherine M. Parisian. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2010. xvi, 398p. ISBN 978-0271037134. $55.00
Authors: Spina Carli
Published: June 2017

It might be easy to assume that the White House has always included a library. The first two presidents to reside there, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, were both well known for their extensive libraries and, as noted in the opening paragraph of the first essay in this book, either of them “would seem to make more sense” (Wilentz, p. 1) as the founder of the library. But in fact, the White House was without a permanent library for its first fifty years, as early presidents brought their personal collections with them to the mansion and returned home with them . . .
Mark Bland. A Guide to Early Printed Books and Manuscripts. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. x, 236p. ISBN 9781405124126. $104.95
Authors: Sheehan Jennifer K.
Published: June 2017

A Guide to Early Printed Books and Manuscripts is a thin volume. Given the cost of the book, I expected a massive volume, rich with full-color illustrations. When the book arrived in my mailbox, I was surprised to discover, after a cursory glance, that not only was it brief in length but that the few illustrations present were black and white. However, upon further review, I realized that its length is easily compensated for by the density and quality of content found within it.Within his first paragraph, Bland states that this book was written to complement Gaskell’s A New . . .
Guest Editor’s Note
Authors: Dupont Christian
Published: June 2017

Are those echoes down the hallway, or other voices talking about the same things? Over the past several years, a national conversation has been building around how best to assess the quality and impact of higher education and the contributions that libraries make to research, teaching, and learning. The Institute of Museum and Library Services, the Association of Research Libraries, the Association of College and Research Libraries, and other organizations have been funding studies and initiatives around these important issues, which are becoming increasingly urgent as institutions struggle to adapt to altered and uncertain economic environments. A growing body of . . .
Alison Cullingford. The Special Collections Handbook. London: Facet Publishing, 2011 (distributed in the United States by Neal-Schuman Publishers). xiv, 210p. ISBN 9781856047579. $125.00
Authors: Davis Laurel
Published: June 2017

This short, easy-to-use handbook was written by Alison Cullingford, the Special Collections Librarian at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom. It covers the world of special collections from soup to nuts in ten relatively brief chapters, capturing basic points and then pointing the reader to a variety of additional resources for more information. Each chapter ends with a list that includes further reading suggestions, examples and case studies, and useful websites. The focus is on special collections in the United Kingdom, United States, and Australia, though much of the information is universally applicable.This is a particularly useful . . .
Five Theses on the Future of Special Collections
Authors: Overholt John
Published: June 2017

I was pleased to be asked by Shannon Supple and Nina Schneider, co-chairs of the 2012 RBMS preconference, to reflect on the themes of the conference in these pages. The presentations were engrossing and provocative, and I hope here to offer some equally provocative thoughts in response as my contribution to the ongoing discussion about the peril and promise—mostly, I firmly believe, the latter—that the future holds for our profession.
The future of special collections is distribution. It hardly needs to be said that digitization, and the ability to share digitized materials widely, is enacting a wholesale transformation . . .
Aaron D. Purcell. Academic Archives: Managing the Next Generation of College and University Archives, Records, and Special Collections. Chicago: Neal-Schuman, 2012. xx, 314p. $95 (ISBN 978-1555707699).
Authors: Huttner Sidney F.
Published: June 2017

This title first attracted my attention when mentioned in the April issue of American Libraries. The mention was only a sentence, but, as it expanded on the title, I read it to herald a gutsy author willing to profile the emerging academy, predict the records it will produce, and outline a scheme (or schemes) to manage them. I was disabused when the review copy arrived. Mr. Purcell acknowledges that colleges and universities face challenges today but offers no particular insight as to where the sector is headed—up, down, or out. Economics and digitization, it seems, may force cosmetic change . . .
Jeffrey Freedman.Books without Borders in Enlightenment Europe: French Cosmopolitanism and German Literary Markets. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012. 382p. $80 (ISBN 978-0-8122-4389-5).
Authors: Boyd Rand
Published: June 2017

Twenty years ago Jeffrey Freedman had the opportunity to spend eighteen months in the archives of the 18th-century Swiss publishing house, Société Typographique de Neuchâtel (STN), housed at the Bibliothèque Publique et Universitaire in Switzerland. That research is the foundation of his newest book. Its premise is that book history has traditionally stayed within national or regional borders, but books don’t; they go where they are wanted. The narrative Freedman weaves of the STN’s efforts to sell French language books in Germany shows this quite well; and, though it does help to have some knowledge of 18th-century European history, the . . .
Editor’s Note
Authors: Whittaker Beth M.
Published: June 2017

As I surveyed the articles in this issue of RBM, I realized that they happen, completely coincidentally, to revolve around a theme. The word “outreach” is used so frequently, and with so many different meanings, that it is difficult to nail down what we are really talking about. As a profession, we have tended to use “outreach,” sometimes dismissively, to speak of work that we do that does not directly relate to supporting individual researchers who use our collections.
“Outreach,” then, tends to be used for “everything else”: the engagement with potential and actual donors, the relationship building with long-term . . .
Build It and S/He Will Come: A Reflection on Five Years in a Purpose-Built Special Collections Space
Authors: Rossman Jae Jennifer
Published: June 2017

The Special Collections of the Robert B . Haas Family Arts Library at Yale University have existed in their current state only since the fall of 2008, when the physically separate components of the Arts Library moved into a renovated space that bridges two conjoined buildings, Paul Rudolph Hall1 and the new Loria Center, both projects by Gwathmey Siegel & Associates. The Arts Library itself was only ten years old at that point, formed from the Art+Architecture Library, the Drama Library, the Classics Library, the Arts of the Book Collection, and the Visual Resources Collection. These smaller units banded together . . .
Ambassadors of the Book: Competences and Training for Heritage Librarians. Edited by Raphaële Mouren. Berlin: De Gruyter Saur, 2012. 195 p. $140.00 (ISBN 9783110301502).
Authors: Sheehan Jennifer K.
Published: June 2017

In February of 2012, more than 80 participants from thirteen countries converged at the University of Antwerp for a two-day conference to discuss essential competences for cultural heritage professionals and how these competences can be transmitted through education and training. Ambassadors of the Book is the published compilation of proceedings that emerged from the conference. Providing the perspectives of practitioners as well as educators, the book offers a theoretical approach to the topic that reflects the viewpoints of both groups of stakeholders.The conference was organized in two distinct parts, dedicating the first day to exploring competences and then progressing . . .
Studies in Ephemera: Text and Image in Eighteenth-century Print. Kevin D. Murphy and Sally O’Driscoll, eds. Lewisburg, Pa.: Bucknell University Press, 2013. xvii, 300p. $90 (ISBN 9781611484946).
Authors: Supple Shannon K.
Published: June 2017

This compilation of essays began as presentations at a symposium on ephemera in the long eighteenth century, held at the City University of New York Graduate Center in March 2009. The present collection, edited by Kevin D. Murphy and Sally O’Driscoll, seeks to reconceive and resituate the study of English eighteenth-century print ephemera, emphasizing how pervasive such materials were during the period. Their significance partly derives from the fact that many well-known visual and literary works were created in a culture swimming in these ephemera. The essays are separated into two distinct groups, the first focusing on categories, formats, and . . .
Printed for Performance: Ceremonial and Interactive Aspects of Books from Europe’s First Presses
Authors: White Eric Marshall
Published: June 2017

“O Rare! Performance in Special Collections.” I will admit that when the theme for the 2013 RBMS preconference was announced, I assumed that all of the papers would come from colleagues who work directly with performing arts collections. Given that I work at Perkins School of Theology at Southern Methodist University, it might have been more promising for me if, instead of beginning “O Rare,” the title had begun “Orare,” the Latin verb to pray. But then I considered the first words of the conference abstract: Libraries house performance. Although the focus of the library where I work is not . . .
Retrofitting a Name: The New RBMS Conference, Leaving the “Pre” in the Past
Authors: Brim Richenda , Jackson Athena N.
Published: June 2017

At the 2014 ALA Annual Conference in Las Vegas, the RBMS Conference Development Committee and the RBMS Executive Committee initiated a discussion on changing the name of the “RBMS Preconference” to “RBMS Conference.” Later, at the 2015 ALA Midwinter Meeting in Chicago, the name change was made official via the Consent Agenda item at the RBMS Executive Committee meeting. With this new name, the Section acknowledges the expanded scale and reach of our annual event, which recently has grown to more than 400 attendees and spans three and a half days. By contrast, other ALA Preconferences typically comprise a half . . .
Michael F. Suarez and H.R. Woudhuysen, eds. The Book: A Global History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. 672p. ISBN 9780199679416. $50.00
Authors: Supple Shannon K.
Published: June 2017

The Book: A Global History is a tremendous reference work for anyone interested in the history of books, texts, and written communications. It is a more affordable iteration of 2010's The Oxford Companion to the Book, focusing on and updating the latter's article-length narratives of thematic and regional book histories, while excising its encyclopedia of terminology. In their introduction to The Book: A Global History, general editors Suarez and Woudhuysen explain that it emerged from their desire to further disseminate these essays created for The Oxford Companion. The book is sparingly illustrated, except in chapters that truly benefit from illustration, . . .
The Kelmscott/Goudy Printing Press: Printing History as a Living History
Authors: Galbraith Steven K.
Published: June 2017

The arrival of the Kelmscott/Goudy press to the Cary Graphic Arts Collection at the Rochester Institute of Technology in January 2014 was a homecoming of sorts. From 1932 to 1941, the press belonged to our library’s namesake, Melbert B. Cary, Jr., director of the Continental Type Founders Association in New York City. Cary used the press to produce the whimsical publications of his Press of the Woolly Whale.
In addition to its connection with the press’s past, the Cary Collection offers a home where the press can be maintained and used in support of teaching and the book arts. To . . .
We Are a People of Words
Authors: Blackburn Amy
Published: June 2017

They acquire fast knowledge
searching Google as college,
and shallow stories they read
as if fully guaranteed.
Books are physical and real
but online we might reveal
some random information
to give an explanation.
If the goal to educate
and clearly communicate
is for comprehension,
why does format cause such tension?
Changing can be right and good
even when misunderstood;
it allows for creations
of new communications.
We are a people of words,
therefore free from any cords
that may bind us unchecked
to solid objects, correct? . . .
From Peshawar to Kabul: Preserving Afghanistan’s Cultural Heritage during Wartime
Authors: Moustafa Laila Hussein
Published: June 2017

This article profiles the Afghanistan Center at Kabul University (ACKU) as an example of an organization that has successfully engaged in preserving a nation’s cultural heritage during a time of war. The ACKU has emerged from, and been engaged in, efforts to preserve Afghanistan’s cultural heritage from the time of the Soviet occupation until today. Central to this story is the work of an American scholar, Nancy Hatch Dupree, who began to collect and preserve materials while she was in an Afghan refugee camp in Peshawar, Pakistan, in 1989. Those materials became the foundation for what is now the largest library and research center in Afghanistan. The story of the ACKU sheds light on how librarians, scholars, governments, and nongovernmental organizations can act in collaboration to preserve and protect cultural heritage in time of conflict.
Wolfgang Ernst. Stirrings in the Archives: Order from Disorder.
Authors: Thadani Simran
Published: June 2017

Be warned: Stirrings in the Archives is dense. Wolfgang Ernst’s erudite, citation-stuffed monograph rests upon a basic tenet of media archaeology: that the material form of what is archived, and the structure of how it is archived, affect the ways in which a given archive has been, is, and will be accessed and interpreted. Deconstruction is at work everywhere in this book, comparing and contrasting individual vs. collective records; presence vs. absence; hidden vs. public; chance vs. by design; abundance vs. scarcity; and so on. Ernst draws fruitfully upon the work of theorists (Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida), material-cultural historians (Natalie Zemon Davis, Carlo Ginzburg), and premodernist scholars (Ernst Kantorowicz, Stephen Greenblatt) alike. The result is a hefty series of short essays—connected but distinct(ive)—on various aspects of archival theory.
SECOND-HAND AND ANTIQUARIAN BOOKS ON THE INTERNET
Authors: Holzenberg Eric
Published: June 2017

This article is a distillation of thousands of conversations held over the past six years or so with collectors, dealers, and librarians about the buying and selling of second-hand and antiquarian books online. It was a gripping topic in 1995 and remains so in 2001. The ability to acquire books via the Internet has, after all, profoundly affected the professional lives of librarians and book dealers and has radically changed the face of both personal and institutional collecting. There is still much to talk about: The ground continues to shift beneath our feet as online book sites, originally an American . . .
EXIT INTERVIEW: HENRY SNYDER
Authors: Slive Daniel J.
Published: June 2017

Henry Snyder was born in Hayward, California in 1929 and did his undergraduate and graduate work at the University of California, Berkeley, receiving his PhD in history in 1963. He has taught and held administrative positions at University of Kansas, Louisiana State University, and University of California, Riverside. He has been director of the North American English Short-Title Catalogue (ESTC) project since 1978. In that time, the project has expanded from its original focus on eighteenth-century imprints to include records for letterpress items in any language printed between 1473 and 1800 in England or any of its dependencies, and works . . .
THE GUTENBERG VARIATIONS
Authors: McGann Jerome
Published: June 2017

Say “textual scholarship” and think “dryasdust,” and then perhaps see an obsessed St. Jerome alone in a cave or a monk’s study humped over a great tome with a pen in his hand, a skull and an hourglass somewhere nearby, and perhaps a lion and a dog sprawled at his feet. That complex figural expression was one of the central emblems of the Renaissance, when textuality—powered by the Gutenberg revolution—fairly came to define “the human condition” as a textual condition. But a certain kind of textual condition, a condition of “The Word” conceived as written or printed, a Word to . . .
EXIT INTERVIEW: KEN CARPENTER
Authors: Howarth Rachel
Published: June 2017

Ken Carpenter retired in December 2000 after working in the Harvard Libraries for almost 40 years. Born in Altoona, Pennsylvania, Ken attended Girard College in Philadelphia from age seven to 17 and then went to Bowdoin College, graduating in 1958. He began working at Harvard’s Houghton Library as a “stacks boy” in 1960 when William A. Jackson was librarian. He ended his career as assistant director for research resources, Harvard University Library, under the direction of Sidney Verba. In between, he worked on the Bibliography of American Literature with Jacob Blanck, served as curator of the Kress Library at the . . .
EXECUTIVE ORDER 13223: WE DARE NOT ALLOW OURSELVES TO BE BUSH-WHACKED
Authors: Craig Bruce
Published: June 2017

Thank you for inviting me to be here with you this evening. It is a privilege to sit with the members of this panel who have been fighting “the good fight” on behalf of access to presidential records for so long. I was particularly interested in the comments of John Brademas, to whom we all owe so much for his role over the years in promoting openness to government records. Tonight, I wish to focus my comments on the ongoing effort to overturn President George Bush’s Executive Order 13223. I will begin with some background that explains my own involvement . . .
LICENSING THE USE OF SPECIAL COLLECTIONS MATERIALS
Authors: Browar Lisa , Henderson Cathy , North Michael , Wenger Tara
Published: June 2017

This article has been written to assist special collections administrators who want to establish a fee policy and schedule for the publication (in any media or format) of original materials in their charge. The article examines the history of special collections’ approaches to this practice, offers a rationale for charging fees, discusses relevant copyright issues, and offers model policies and fee schedules.
The article grew out of the work of an ad hoc committee of the Rare Books and Manuscripts Section of the Association of College and Research Libraries. The Licensing and Reproduction of Special Collections Committee had been asked . . .
THE CHANGING RARE BOOK TRADE, 1950–2000
Authors: Rostenberg Leona , Stern Madeleine
Published: June 2017

The changes that have transformed the American rare book trade over the past fifty years have been welcomed by some but have daunted others. Due largely to the introduction and almost universal acceptance of computerization, along with major economic shifts, so-called reforms in education, and advances in the technology of travel, the results are apparent in the altered relations among the triumvirate of rare book dealer, collector, and librarian, as well as in their attitude toward their quarry. The traditional sources of supply and the markets for distribution have suffered a sea change. Yet, despite all this, the trade of . . .
THE EDUCATION AND HIRING OF SPECIAL COLLECTIONS LIBRARIANS:: OBSERVATIONS FROM A RECENT RECRUIT
Authors: Rippley Susan Stekel
Published: June 2017

The topic of what skills and qualifications are required of special collections librarians has come up in numerous places in past months, including in an Association of Research Libraries (ARL) White Paper released in November 2004 and at the most recent (June 2005) Rare Books and Manuscripts (RBMS) Preconference in St. Louis. Not coincidentally, it also was the focus of a roundtable session at the April 2005 Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) National Meeting in Minneapolis. This article summarizes the discussion at the latter event and points out how several themes have been recurring in other contexts. Those . . .
Personas and Archetypes: Envisioning the 21st-Century Special Collections Professional
Authors: Landis William E.
Published: June 2017

Personas, as used in the world of information architecture and user experience design, represent an archetype.1 They capture, in a narrative format, a composite of goals, attitudes, skills, behaviors, frustrations, environmental factors, and work or activity flows of a range of actual people represented by the archetypal persona. Of course, in a user experience design setting, personas are based on qualitative and quantitative data gathered from observing and interacting with end-user populations envisioned for the service or interface being designed. Using personas helps Web designers and information architects avoid pitfalls such as overly elastic conceptions of the real people who . . .