bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of Multimedia Data Transmission Based on UDP
Authors: Jiang Xiao Qiang
Published: August 2010

The article focuses on the research of a reliable data transmission extension protocol -- UDT based on UDP, the related implementation method and transmission control method of multimedia data real-time and reliable transmission, the improvement to algorithm of its related methods in specific applications; as well as the improvement to AIMD (Additive Increase and Multiplicative Decrease) congestion controlling algorithm, proposing DAIMD congestion controlling algorithm; the sending rate increment is changed from the constant quantity to the variable quantity which continuously reduces with the continuous increase of the sending rates, so it not only makes a more rational use of limited network bandwidth, also reduces the larger oscillation in the network data transmission; the improvement of validation mechanisms, propose validation mechanisms based on the combination of time and data packets numbers, and improve the efficiency of data transmission.
When the multimedia data network transmits, the transmitter and receiver need to identify a network transmission protocol. According to the above analysis, UDP is a simple transmission level protocol, non-connection-oriented, and itself does not provide data retransmission and confirmation, therefore adopting UDP as the network transmission protocol can improve the data transmission efficiency, besides UDP supports the webcast function, suitable for multimedia data network transmission [1]. However, the characteristic of multimedia data network transmission requests the network transmission protocol can handle the phenomenon of delay and vibration in the transmission process; can handle bursting multimedia data transmission; can judge the network condition according to the reception quality of the receiver and the sender can make the appropriate response; can ensure the reliability of multimedia data network transmission and so on. Features of UDP its own design make it deal with such situations not very well, also UDP limits the sending data packet size each time; when the multimedia data network transmits, a video data often exceed this limit. Therefore, according to the previous analysis of multimedia data network transmission characteristics and technical requirements, this article studies the reliable data transmission extension protocol -- UDT based on UDP, and improves the related algorithm and control mechanism in the protocol to make it more suitable for the multimedia data network transmission in the embedded video surveillance system.
Study on 3D Virtual Reality Modeling
Authors: Yue Xue Jun , Hong Tian Sheng , Xu Xing , Wu Wei Bin
Published: August 2010

We build out a very vivid and real conditions environment based on the virtual reality of a simulation computer technology, so that users can be in a virtual environment through the man-machine interface with a virtual environment direct interaction. This paper studies 3d virtual model development and integration including the system design to realize the functions and systems integration. In its implementation, we use the model tool, 3 D R C to structure three-dimensional model, and the model tool, and finally we use virtools tool to achieve a three-dimensional with the establishment of virtual scene model.
Virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) is a computer senior man-machine interface on the basic feature of absorbion, interactiveness and constructiveness [1,2]. Specifically, virtual reality is a computer that creates the stereoscopic spaces, and users can interact space objects in the interaction and watch the operation of some part of the objects in space, and freely move with the users' will so that a sense of integration and participation are produced[3,4]. It is used in computer technology at the core of modern high technology ,which means to build a realistic view, hear and touch the integration of a virtual environment with the necessary equipment and a virtual environment of the interaction and mutual influence, which results in the "immersion" be true of the environment and feel[5-7]. VR technology is computer technology, computer graphics, computer simulations visual and technical, visual physiology, psychology, the microelectronics visual display technique, solid technology, sensing to measure the technical, technological, information technology, and voice recognition software engineering and technology, integrated man-machine the skill interfacing, and network technology and artificial intelligence technology and the achievement of other high technology. Since the birth of a virtual reality technology, it has the huge economy, military and the internet, multimedia minded race in many areas in the application of technology in the 21st century as the three-big technologies.
Research and Design Support System for University Research Learning Base on Network
Authors: Pan Chang Chun , Yang Bing
Published: August 2010

As the motivation and basic guarantee tool for carrying out research study in the universities, research-based learning support system is playing an important role. Aiming at the real situation and study features of the students in modern universities and combining with the research study theory, a research-based learning support system is designed based on the Study Resource Support. The core of the system is Learning Activity Support, and the key of the system is Study Guide.
Study on the Natural Convection and Formation of Periodic Diphase Dendrite in Al-La Alloys
Authors: Zheng Ya Hong , Wang Yan Lin , Wang Zi Dong
Published: August 2010

In the crystal growth process, the temperature distribution and concentration distribution at the solid-liquid interface edge are always the hot problems. In this paper, we study the concentration distribution at the solid-liquid interface edge under the natural convection conditions, we find that the concentration field is oscillating exponential decline or rose along the crystal growth direction. We also study the dendrite morphology of Al-La alloys using the experimental method, the results show that the microstructure of Al-35%La alloys is different from the common microstructure of hypereutectic alloy during the conventional casting process, the first crystalline phase is Al11La3, which composition is discontinuous along the growth direction, the main dendrite is composed of α-Al alternating with Al11La3, the results of SEM and XRD show that the chemical composition along the main dendrite exhibits periodic behavior, therefore, this microstructure is named as periodic diphase dendrite structure.
Simulation of Ascent Rule for the Individual Escape Suit
Authors: Fan Wei , Fang Yi Qun
Published: August 2010

During the individual escape, free ascent is the only way to decompression. While the men are situated in the deep pressure, the velocity of ascent, the time of getting to balance become the most important factors for escape. The paper use mathematical methods, consult the hydrodynamics parameter which educed by experiment, simulate the ascent rule while the men are in the individual escape suit, and calculate the ascent velocity, acceleration, balance time of different weight, and compare the simulation result with the experiment , which can prove the veracity of simulation.
3-D Quasi-Steady State Heat Transfer Analysis for an Air-Cooled Motorcycle Engine
Authors: Jang Jiin Yuh , Wu Jia Yan , Tsai Shang Hua
Published: August 2010

This study presents heat transfer rate and temperature distributions for the prediction of each component in an air-cooled motorcycle engines. The 3-D finite element method was used to solve the temperature field and heat transfer rate for each component (intake valves, exhaust valves, piston, piston rings, cylinder head and cylinder) of motorcycle engine when the piston is in TDC and BDC. The results shows that the fractions of heat transfer rate for each component are as follows: intake valves 11％, exhaust valves 8％, cylinder head 21％, the piston 35％ and the cylinder 25％. And the temperature measurement value is in good agreement with experimental data within 20%.
Catalyst Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes by Substrate Method
Authors: Ding Zhao Yong , Sun Bao Min , Xu Bing Hao , Liu Yuan Chao , Guo Yong Hong
Published: August 2010

Pyramid shaped pyrolysis flame is a new method for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) synthesis. Oxy-acetylene flame was used as the source of heat, CO as the source of carbon, iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) as the source of catalyst precursor. Field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and Raman spectra were used to illustrate the results of experimental. In this experimental, coating substrate is not a special process, but a part of sampling. In the first 60s of sampling time, there were not CNTs synthesis, only the phase that substrate coats particles and temperature rise, so in this phase, catalyst particles formed. 304 stainless steel plate, monocrystalline silicon chip, and brass plate were used as substrates to synthesize CNTs. 304 stainless steel plate could gain straight, long, and uniform CNTs, monocrystalline silicon chip gain curly and short CNTS, while brass gain nothing but particles. Although single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were not observed by SEM and TEM, it was successfully done by Raman spectra, in spite of the yield was small.
Comparison with Thermo Hydrodynamic Lubrication between 2D and 3D Model in Thrust Bearing by Computing Simulation
Authors: Chen Zhi Lan , Zhu Jun
Published: August 2010

As the interface problem of discontinuity boundary condition between the oil film and the pad in thrust bearing, a conjugated solution method by using the temperature continuity and the heat flux continue is proposed. The three-dimensional calculated model of thrust bearing is constructed and solved by using finite difference method. Comparing with 2D model, the characteristics of the lubrication performance of 3D model are more different. The results show that the three-dimensional calculated model not only revealed the relation of temperature variation between the oil film layer and the pad in axial direction, but also exactly reflected real temperature distribution in the pad surface. In the same oil feed temperature condition, the minimum film thickness is 63.8μm and the maximum temperature on the pad surface reached 55°C for 3D mode, 72.6μm and 60°C for 2D mode.
A New Dynamic Globe Pheromone Ant System and its Application in VRP
Authors: Lin Lu
Published: August 2010

To solve the deficiency of ant colony optimization as falling into local optimal solution easily, the paper proposes a dynamic globe pheromone ant system which based on the small world network phenomenon of information exchange in ant colony system and simulates this mechanism by meanings of the wave equation of volatilization pheromone, and then constructs the particle wave function of diffuse pheromone as well as the corresponding condition shift formula. Through dynamic surveying proliferation wave information, the ant is able to effectively absorb the effective information containing in the inferior solutions during the process of seeking superior solution, and can carry on the condition shift using the globe distributed pheromone information, thus enhance the quality of solution. Taking vehicle routing problem as example, the computed result shows that compared the basis colony optimization DGPAS has higher globe search ability.
Achieving Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Analysis of Chemical Kinetics of the In Situ Reaction in an Al-TiB2 In Situ Composite
Authors: Shobha R. , Suresh K.R. , Niranjan H.B. , Satyanarayana Kestur Gundappa
Published: August 2010

The aim of this paper is to prepare an in-situ composite of 6061 TiB2 particles using vortex method and study the chemical kinetics of the ongoing in-situ reaction by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. In addition, it is characterized for its mechanical and wear properties. XRD studies indicated that the reinforcement was formed only at the later stages after a prolonged stirring. The tensile strength of the composite was found to enhance by 57.58% at 6% TiB2, while hardness by 47.3% at 12 % TiB2. The composites showed decreasing volume loss with increasing TiB2 content with all the composites exhibiting lower volume loss compared to that of the base alloy. On the other hand, the volumetric wear showed a decreasing trend with increasing volume fraction of reinforcement and the sliding distance. These results are explained using scanning electron microscopy, which showed more debris on the wear track of the composite having lower amount of TiB2, while with increasing TiB2 reinforcement, the composite showed more even wear track with lower amount of debris.
Designs and Development of the Experimental Platform of Virtual Simulation Camera
Authors: Wan Pu , Wang Li Sha , Lu Qiao , Guan Fei
Published: August 2010

The virtual simulation laboratory supplements the traditional ones with its extension of ideas and space. Nowadays many universities offer courses related to photography, however, students are furnished with enough chances to practice owing to the lack of finance, out-mode facilities, and depreciation of the equipment resulted from the increasing number of students. To solve this, we developed the experimental platform of simulation camera with the help of Adobe’s Flash, thus lowering the rate of the equipment depreciation, increasing the teaching efficiency, economic benefit and teaching results.
Growth and Fundamental Properties of SiGe Single Crystal
Authors: Niu Xin Huan , Tan Bai Mei , Zhao Xiao Hong , Zhang Wei Lian
Published: August 2010

Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) single crystal is a fully miscible solid solution with diamond-base, and has attracted keen interest as material for applications such as microelectronic and optoelectronic devices. Consequently, there is a need for SiGe crystals of low dislocation density and large dimensions. In this study, the growth mechanism and methods of SiGe bulk single crystal were described and the PMCZ method made by ourselves was analyzed. The properties of PMCZ SiGe single crystal with different Ge concentrations were discussed. The result shows that the longitudinal distribution homogeneity of impurity Ge was improved on the effect of magnetic field; with Ge concentration creasing, oxygen concentration in SiGe crystals was decreased, and the crystals mechanical strength faded up; with Ge-doped increasing, there appears new absorption peak near 710cm-1and 800cm-1 wave number in Si FTIR absorption spectral graph. From the results, it can be found that with improving the growth technique and increasing Ge concentration, the quality of SiGe single crystal will be improved effectively.
Chemical Characterization of Mesoporous Material Supported ZnO Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Sulfide Capture from Gas Streams
Authors: Wang Xiao Hui
Published: August 2010

A series of zinc oxide-modified mesoporous SBA-15 materials were synthesized. The desulphurization test with a gas mixture containing 0.1 vol % hydrogen sulfide was carried out on these materials. Materials before and after the desulphurization test were analyzed using a variety of characterization techniques. The results suggest that zinc oxide modification can accelerate the transformation from a mesoporous to a zeolitic phase. The sample with the zinc content higher than 15.5 wt % shows the highest hydrogen sulfide breakthrough capacity up to 177.3 mg S/g.
Logging-On System Integrated B/S and C/S Based on RSA Asymmetrical Encryption and Web Service
Authors: Xu Xiang , Yu Zhi
Published: August 2010

. In view of the application problems of integrated C/S framework in the existing single sign-on system, a safe, efficient and scalable enterprise integration logging-on system scheme which can integrate the structure characteristics of B/S and C/S is proposed in this paper, this scheme can focus on publishing application systems, management login and applying operation, and it has been carried on application verification by enterprise users in practice.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Surface-Modified TiO2
Authors: Hao Bao Wei , Li Yuan , Wang Shi Zhao
Published: August 2010

oleic acid-modified nano-titanium dioxide were synthesized by Oleic acid and tetrabutyl titanate via the sol-gel method, and characterized by IR TEM TG-DT A and XPS. Comparison with the data of the IR, the combination of carboxyl is chelating with Ti atoms. Based on the analysis of IR, TG-DTA and XPS, this paper suggests a model about the oleic acid-modified titanium dioxide nano-structure, and to provide a basis for future applications.
A Remote Experiment Platform for Robotic Control and Simulation
Authors: Chen Guo Qiang , Zhao Jun Wei
Published: August 2010

This paper presents a scheme to develop a remote experiment platform for robot. The structure based on Internet and Browser/Server is adopted and discussed. The software of the platform is divided into simulation system, control system, multimedia acquiring system and transaction management system. Finally, the key technique and components are discussed, and CGI application and MATLAB software are recommended. The scheme can also be used in other remote control or measurement system.
Numerical Simulation of Hygro-Thermal Deformation of Concrete Based on Heat and Moisture Transfer
Authors: Chen De Peng , Liu Chun Lin , Qian Chun Xiang
Published: August 2010

Concrete deformation due to temperature and moisture condition will always develop simultaneously and interactively. The numerical simulation of hygro-thermal deformation of concrete is necessary to be investigated for better serviceability, durability estimation and life prediction. In this paper, a numerical simulation procedure was proposed for hygro-thermal deformation of concrete based on the principle of heat and moisture transfer in porous medium. The procedure comprised an analytic solution of heat and moisture transfer, a calculation of moisture induced stress and a finite element analysis (FEM) of hygro-thermal deformation. The methodology of a software named Coupling Temperature and Moisture Simulation System for concrete (CTMSoft) was represented and developed by a mix programming. The graphical user interface (GUI) of the software was programmed by Visual Basic 6.0 and its real numerical calculation process was conducted by calling Matlab and ANSYS. The efficiency of the CTMSoft was validated by a case analysis of the data of Hundt’s test.
Effects of Gating System on the Flow Behaviors during Vacuum Counter Pressure Casting Thin Wall Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Yu Huan , Xiong Bo Wen , Yan Qing Song , Xu Zhi Feng , Cai Chang Chun , Liu Guo Feng
Published: August 2010

The flow behaviors of molten Al alloy in sand mould cavity with varied gating system were simulated under vacuum counter-pressure casting and the ingate velocity was predicted using a software package. At same process conditions, the flow behaviors were investigated using electrode contact method. The comparison between the simulated results and the investigated results shows that a good agreement is achieved. The ingate flow velocity exceeding critical velocity and large velocity deviation are detected during filling mould withⅠtypes gating system, resulting in turbulent flow behavior. Whereas, flow behaviors take on stable flow pattern during filling the other mould cavity, although some differences of flow behaviors are present. The small ingate flow velocity and velocity deviation during filling mould cavity with Ⅲ type gating system may be conduce the more stable flow pattern thanⅡtype gating system.
Intelligent Control of Coke Oven Production Process
Authors: Li Gong Fa , Kong Jian Yi , Jiang Guo Zhang , Xie Liang Xi
Published: August 2010

According to the characteristics and control demand of coke oven, research on intelligent control of coke oven production process was carried. Firstly intelligent control structure of coke oven production process was established. Then intelligent control of blending coal, collecting main pressure, combustion and heating intelligent control of coke oven were discussed simply, while production planning and scheduling was discussed in detail. The control principle of combining the intermittent heating control with the heating gas flow adjustment was adopted, and fuzzy compound control was proposed to establish heating intelligent control strategy and model of coke oven, which combined feedback control, feedforward control and fuzzy intelligent control. Production planning and scheduling of coke oven were optimized by using dynamic programming and genetic algorithm. The practical running indicates that the system can effectively improve quality of coke and decrease energy consumption, stabilize production of coke oven, and has great practical value.
A Calculation Model for the Film Thickness and Component Uniformity of Twin Co-Sputtering Target System
Authors: Zhang Shi Wei , Hou Li Yuan , Han Yong Chao , Xie Yuan Hua
Published: August 2010

In the vacuum film coating field, the co-sputtering method by two or more targets has been widely used for coating the composite film consisted of a variety of component elements. In this paper, a typical co-sputtering system is studied which composes the twin round planar magnetron sputtering targets settled symmetrically and slantways towards a single flat substrate with self-rotation. A model is set up to describe the non-dimensional relationship between the film thickness and the structural parameters of co-sputtering system, such as distance of the substrate-to-target , symmetrical eccentricity , translation length and obliquity angle of target . On the assumption that the sputtered particles are emitted in the direction of cosine distribution and fly straightly without collision scattering, the depositing rate distribution, film thickness distribution, the utilization ratio of the target sputtering material, and the fluctuant ratio of the components from two targets are calculated. Some of simulating examples are given by use of Matlab software.
Study on Static Characteristics of an Integrated Six-Axis Accelerometer Based on Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Yu Chun Zhan , Zhang Xin Yi , Han Jin Hong , Tian Li Chao
Published: August 2010

It is difficult to fabricate one sensing element to simultaneously sense three linear acceleration components and three angular acceleration components, so as to find rare reports on six-axis accelerometer. The aim of this on-going project was to research an integrated six-axis accelerometer using parallel mechanism as the structure for sensing element. In order to optimize so many parameters, the paper defined the important static characteristic indices, analyzed the relationship between indices and structural parameters of sensing element. Based on the definition of the indices, the structural parameters were designed by the physical model of solution space. Finally, FEM simulation experiment is carried out to verify effectiveness of the method.
Effect of Temperature and Water Immersion on the Mechanical Properties of Coated Fabrics
Authors: Zhang Ying Ying , Zhang Qi Lin , Zhou Chuan Zhi , Zhou Ying
Published: August 2010

As composite, the mechanical properties of coated fabrics are sensitive to environment. This paper presented mechanical properties under different environments. A list of uniaxial tests are carried out under different temperatures including -20°C, 0°C, 23°C, 50°C, and 70°C. First, the tensile behaviors at room temperature and the failure behaviors are studied. Then, the effects of temperature on mechanical properties are determined. Finally, the effects of water immersion on mechanical properties are discussed. Results show PTFE coated fabrics remained unchanged in varying temperature and humidity. The temperature has effects on the mechanical properties of PVC coated fabrics. With increasing temperature, the strength decrease and the strain at break increase. The temperature induction factors are proposed for the design and analysis. The water immersion has little effect on the mechanical properties because of the impervious coating.
Experimental Analysis of Electro-Mechanical Characterization of Piezoelectric Stack Actuators
Authors: Zheng Kai , Dong Xing Hui
Published: August 2010

This paper presents the results of experimental analysis and theoretical modeling of piezoelectric stack actuators. The focus of this paper is to understand the behavior of piezoelectric materials under the combined electro-mechanical loadings scenario, and to determine fundamental properties and optimum working conditions. Some parameters, including output displacement, hysteresis, output force and mechanical stiffness, are evaluated under varied pre-stress level and driven voltage values representative of in-service conditions. The measurements indicate strong dependence of the actuator piezoelectric properties and stiffness on the electro-mechanical loading conditions. This research also identified and calculated some parameters of the induced strain actuators electro-mechanical model, which are necessary to performing design optimization to achieve maximum energy transfer and minimum power consume.
The Synthesis and Characterization of Polyether-Modified Polysiloxane Phosphate
Authors: Ren Long Fang , Wang Xue Chuan , Ding Jian Hua
Published: August 2010

In order to combine the properties of phosphate surfactants and silicone surfactants, the polyether-modified polysiloxane phosphate (PPSP) was prepared. Firstly, the intermediate was synthesized through the hydrosilylation of hydricpolysiloxane and alkyl polyether. Then the polyether-modified polysiloxane phosphate was prepared through the phosphorylation reaction of intermediate and P2O5. The optimum condition of the phosphorylation reaction was the reaction temperature was 80°C, reaction time was 3.5h and molar ratio of -OH: P2O5 was 3.0:1.0. The molecular structure of phosphate was characterized by FTIR and 31P-NMR. The components and their capabilities were also studied. The CMC of PPSP was 0.58g/L and the surface tension related was 25.78mN/m, but the foaming power of PPSP is relatively low.
Use of BP Neural Network in Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Calibrations for Predicting of Wood Density
Authors: Li Pai , Zhang Hong Fu , Li Yao Xiang , Zhang Ya Zhao , Zhang Hui Juan
Published: August 2010

Application of BP neural network and NIRS for larch wood density prediction was investigated in this paper. The original spectra were collected and pretreated with the first derivative and 9 point smoothing. Eleven typical wave lengths were selected as BP network inputs to establish prediction model for wood density. Model was validated using cross-validation approach. The prediction correlation coefficient (R) is 0.916 while the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) is 0.0221. The results showed that using BP neural network in near-infrared spectroscopy calibration could significantly improve the model performance in order to rapidly and accurately predict wood density.
Real-Time Registration Architecture for Far Infrared and Visible Image Using Mutual Information
Authors: Qin Wen Gang , Gao Ai Hua
Published: August 2010

Image registration based on mutual information which shown to be effective is a computationally intensive process, and thus difficult to implement in real-time. A real-time hardware platform for visible and infrared image fusion is presented. The architecture takes field programmable gate array (FPGA) as its main processor, and integrates both kernel algorithm and peripheral management on its. Real-time performance can be achieved by optimizing hardware resource and algorithm, alone with memory access parallelization and processing unit execute pipelining. The analysis result shows hardware architecture can evaluate image fusion for 160x120 arrays image less than 36ms, and fusion image improves the target detection and recognition probability.
The Research of Infrared Radiation Detection on High-Performance Mica Insulation Material Thickness
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhang Xiao Wei , Qian Yu Peng , Zhu Ying Bo
Published: August 2010

The paper discussed a way of detection on the mica-paper’s thickness is that use infrared radiation to detect it. According the mica-paper’s absorbance characteristic of infrared radiation, the paper also discussed the method of using the lambert-beer law in thickness detecting and made the model which is applicable to mica-paper. Finally the researchers have used this model to Predict thickness of mica paper and obtained good results.
Research on the 3D Temperature Field of Transformer Winding Based on Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Cao Jian , Zhou Hao Jun , Qian Su Xiang
Published: August 2010

Power transformer is one of the most important electric equipments in power network, its running state has a direct effect on its safe operation of power network. Fault’s occurrence of power transformer probably result in vast hazards or accidents. According to statistics, its over-temperature operation of winding often result in different fault patterns, such as aging, breakdown and its burnt, etc, which has a large proportion in its accidents of power transformer. In this paper, based on the thermal analysis theory, a 3D thermal field model of transformer’s winding and core is respectively established in ANSYS software environment. And its 3D temperature field distribution of power transformer, including winding and core is simulated. Numerical simulated results provide a reliable and convenient reference for its thermal performance analysis of power transformer.is simulated. Numerical simulated results provide a reliable and convenient reference for its thermal performance analysis of power transformer.
Effect of Red Extractives of Plantation Woods on Bamboo Mildewing
Authors: Wu Feng Juan , Peng Wan Xi , Zhou Xian Yan , Ma Qing Zhi
Published: August 2010

Bamboo is so easily Mouldy that bamboo products have no high value added utilization. Therefore, the effect of red extractives from 18 plantation woods on bamboo biology moulding was studied based on full-factor test. The results were: (1) The red extractives of plantation could mostly inhibit the growth of Penicillium expansum, but a few could inhibit the growth of Aspergillus niger. (2) The red extractives of Cunninghamia lanceolata bark and shavings, Deodar cedar branch, Eucalyptus dunnii bark, Eucalyptus tereticornis bark, Bagasse, Eucalyptus camaldulensis branch and shaving were the most effective in controlling spore germination of Penicillium expansum, and the one raphiolepsis branch was the most effective in controlling spore germination of Aspergillus niger. (3) The effect of the red extractives from Cunninghamia lanceolata bark and shaving, Deodar cedar branch, cypress branch, Eucalyptus tereticornis branch on bamboo moulding was highly remarkable on outdoor test. So the plantation woods could be used as biologic mould inhibitor for bamboo.
Multi-Parameter Optimization Algorithm of Frequency-Dependent Model for Viscoelastic Damping Material
Authors: Cao Y.Q. , Deng Zhao Xiang , Li J. , Liu H.J.
Published: August 2010

In order to obtain the parameters of viscoelastic damping material model, namely GHM, which account for frequency dependence and allow time-domain analysis of viscoelastic composite structure, a new optimization algorithm which is composed of particle swarm optimization(PSO) and sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm is presented . The results are compared with those of standard rheological model and fractional derivative model as well as the experiment results. The results show that the hybrid algorithm can obtain the better optimum solution for the model and have a fast convergence , it will correctly describe the constitutive characteristics of viscoelastic damping material.
The Importance Role of WC Coat for Hydraulic Turbine Protection
Authors: Li Yan Pin , Li Xiao Qing , Wang Peng Fei
Published: August 2010

This article discussed the preserve effect of the WC-HVOF coating to hydraulic turbine based on the research of sand abrasion in hydropower stations on the upstream of Yellow River. At the same time the importance role of WC coat for Hydraulic turbine protection and the great economic benefits from reasonable utilization of WC-HVOF coating are also been discussed in this article, using Sanmenxia hydropower stations as an example. All these have important reference significance for the other similar stations to use WC-HVOF coating to protect the hydraulic turbines.
Preparation of the Plywood Using UF Resin Modified with Blocked Isocyanates
Authors: Zhang Yan Hua , Gu Ji You , Tan Hai Yan , Zhud Li Bin , Di Ming Wei
Published: August 2010

The plywood was prepared using the UF resin modified with isocyanate blocked by sodium bisulfate in this paper. And the effects of the ratio of UF resin and blocked isocyanate, hybrid method and the additive on the properties of the plywood were also studied. The results showed that under the condition of BPI / UF =5%, the order of urea-formaldehyde resin mixed mode curing agent, additive and finally joined the BPI , the bonding strength of the plywood was improved obviously and the formaldehyde release of the plywood could achieve the demand for the national standard.
Composite Measurement of Elasticity Coefficients of Brittle Materials and its Programming
Authors: Yang Lian He , Yan Fan Lei , Chen Li
Published: August 2010

This paper points out the difficulties because of the direct measurement of elasticity coefficients of brittle materials, presents the composite measurement method, and describes the data processing procedure. A new method is introduced which is more precise for measuring the elasticity coefficients, and C program is compiled on the basis of the method.
Chemical and Physical Changes for Dimensionally Stability of Compressed Wood
Authors: Wu Guo Feng , Jiang Yi Fei , Zhang Hao , Wang Bin , Chen He Yu , Pu Jun Wen
Published: August 2010

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical and physical changes of chemical modified on poplar wood. The chemical modifier was impregnated into cell lumen space by pulse-dipping machine to improve the dimension stability and mechanical property of timber. The timbers were compressed and dried by the multilayer hot-press drying to produce the modified timber. The modified timber had better dimension stability than the natural wood when they were immerged water continuous eight-hour. Characteristics of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for modified were studied by the FTIR spectrometer. The intensity of hydroxyl absorption peak in the infrared absorption spectrogram decreased significantly, and that of carbonyl decreased lightly, which due to the bond of the function groups of -NHCH2OH of urea-formaldehyde prepolymer react with the wood carboxyl (C=O) and hydroxyl(-OH). The morphologic models of chemical within wood were discovered by SEM.
A New Performance Estimate Method for Design of Storage-Type Domestic Electrical Water-Heaters Based on the CFD Simulation
Authors: Zhao Li Li , Zhang Zhi Jun , Zhang Shi Wei
Published: August 2010

The 3D physical model of the electrical water heater was built. The water-heater performance was resolved by computer fluid dynamics simulation (CFD). The heater performance is characterized by a new method rather than that the discharge efficiency, extraction efficiency and fraction of heat recoverable. The new method is based on the constant discharge water temperature and rate for end user, 5L/min and 43°C that include the hot water from EWH and cold water from outside EWH. But the water discharge rate from EWH was variable as the water temperature discharge from EWH was variable. Compared with the traditional method, it is more close to the user using reality condition.
Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Tin Salt Conversion Coating on Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Wu Yan Bo , Zeng Si Si , Sun Peng
Published: August 2010

A chrome-free chemical conversion coating was prepared using stannous sulfate as the main salt. The morphology of the chemical conversion surface layer was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Coating composition and the microcosmic phase structure were characterized using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) respectively. Electrochemical method and dropping test were used to study the coatings corrosion resistance. The results indicated that the tin salts conversion coating is a crystal structure material that composites with Sn-F-O-Al et al., the surface appears as a accumulation of spherical particles, the crystallinity of conversion coating is better than uncoated sample obviously, the corrosion resistance has improved too.
A Study on the Effects of Heat Treatment to the High-Carbon HSS Roll
Authors: Jiang Zhi Qiang , Feng Xi Lan , Feng Xian Zhang
Published: August 2010

High-carbon high-speed steels (HSS) are extremely abrasion resistant materials due to their high hardness MC type carbide and high hardness martensitic matrix. Different microstructures and mechanical behaviours were obtained after the quenching and tempering temperatures of HSS roll were changed. With air cooling and sodium silicate quenching, when the austenitizing temperature reaches 1273K, the metal matrix all transforms into the martensite, Afterwards, the eutectic carbides dissolve ceaselessly into the metal matrix and its continuous network distribution changes into broken network. The peak hardness temperature of high-carbon HSS is around 1323K, and the second hardening temperature is around 793K. No significant change in tensile strength and elongation percentage was observed unless the tempering temperature is beyond 753K. The tensile strength is increased obviously and the elongation percentage is decreased slightly beyond 753K. However, the tensile strength is decreased and the elongation percentage is increased when the temp exceeds 813K. The high-carbon HSS roll presents excellent abrasion resistance at 793K-813K.
Bonding Quality of Wood-FRP Interface with Ambient Curable Epoxy Adhesives
Authors: Cheng Fang Chao , Hu Ying Cheng
Published: August 2010

Effects of glue spread, adhesive kind and curing agent ratio on bonding quality of wood-FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) interface were investigated to choose the optimal adhesive and condition of bonding wood-FRP composites. Two different kinds of epoxy resin and one kind of curing agent were used to bond wood-wood and wood-FRP samples with three different glue spread. Shear strength of samples were measured by compression shear test. The results indicated that bonding strength of wood-FRP sample with glue spread of 300 g/mm2 and curing agent ratio of 40% were the best, when using the same epoxy resin and curing agent. The shear strengths of wood-FRP samples were less than those of samples without FRP. The bonding qualities of samples with E-44 epoxy resin/T-31 curing agent system were better than those of E-51 epoxy resin/T-31 curing agent system.
Relationships between Dynamic Young’s Modulus and Static MOE of the Reinforced Poplar LVL
Authors: Zhang Li , Hu Ying Cheng
Published: August 2010

In this paper, the poplar LVL was reinforced with monolayer fiberglass mesh. The reinforcing effect of lay angle between the weft of fiberglass mesh and the veneer grain was studied. And three different nondestructive testing (NDT) methods, such as the longitudinal transmission method, longitudinal vibration method and flexural vibration method (out-plane and in-plane), were used to test the dynamic Young’s modulus of the reinforced poplar LVL. The correlativity was investigated between the dynamic Young’s modulus and the static MOE of the reinforced poplar LVL. The reinforcing effect was best when the lay angle of fiberglass mesh was 30°. And the flexural vibration method and longitudinal vibration method had better accuracy to estimate the static MOE.
Performance Study of Structure Improvement Design for Storage-Type Domestic Electrical Water-Heaters Based on the CFD Simulation
Authors: Zhang Zhi Jun , Zhang Shi Wei , Xu Cheng Hai
Published: August 2010

The 3D physical model with two different structure of the electrical water heater was built. The performance of water heater was studied by computer fluid dynamics simulation (CFD). The heater performance is characterized the discharge efficiency, extraction efficiency and fraction of heat recoverable. It was 73.7%, 45% and 49.8% respectively with conventional structure, and it was 81.1%, 54.1% and 59.6% respectively of improved structure with discharge rate was 5L/min when all initial hot water temperature was 90°C. The temperature distribution of different discharged stage was also disclosure. The water inner the water tank of improved structure has the better thermal stratification than traditional structure. It was also agreed with the water heat performance.
Interfacial Interactions in Clay-Based Polymer Nanocomposites: Effect of Surfactant
Authors: Zeng Qing Hua , Mrayed Sabri M. , Yu Ai Bing
Published: August 2010

The nature of interface plays a very important role in the properties of nanoparticle-reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Understanding the interfacial interactions is crucial in further development of such nanocomposites. In this work, density functional theory is used to examine the interfacial interactions in the clay-nylon 6 nanocomposites. In particular, comparison has been made the systems in the absence of surfactant and in the presence of surfactant. It is found that surfactant can enhance the interfacial interactions through the formation of hydrogen bonds with clay surface and nylon 6. The interaction energies among the different components are calculated for the systems with clay of different atomic substitution.
Research on the Phase Transformation of Silicon Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries by Constant-Capacity Discharging
Authors: Wen Zhong Sheng , Cheng Mei Kang , Sun Jun Cai
Published: August 2010

Silicon is the most attractive anode candidate for lithium ion batteries for its high theoretical capacity. However, it is difficult to be applied as anode material of lithium ion batteries for its poor cyclability and high irreversible capacity caused by structure collapse during the course of lithium insertion-extraction. Considering finding an efficient way to alleviate the crystal transformation during lithium insertion, the silicon anode with the highest theoretical capacity of all know non-lithium substances, was discharged by controlling its insertion capacity. The phase transformation during lithium ion insertion into silicon was investigated in detail. The lithium-insertion phases produced by constant capacity processing consist of Li-Si binary crystals and amorphous host phase. A stable Li12Si7 phase was found under different discharge conditions. This Li-Si binary phase formed by constant capacity showed high structure-reversibility during lithium insertion-extraction. The enhanced cyclability of silicon anode during constant-capacity discharging benefits from the mixture phases of silicon amorphous and crystal Li-Si alloy.
Investigation and Implementation of a Web-Based CAD System for Fabric Appearance
Authors: Yan Fan Lei , Yang Lian He , Chang Hai Feng
Published: August 2010

The area of web-based CAD system has grown since the mid-1990s. This paper introduces a new web-based CAD system for fabric appearance. The system uses the Browser/Server structure, and the designer can employ this system installed on the server to build a 3D model of fabric appearance through the Web browser. The basic architecture is discussed in this paper. Some key technologies, such as graphics display, texture mapping and the data exchange, are also investigated. In the last, some future research directions are presented.
Tensile Properties of 1060 Al Alloy Subjected to Constrained Groove Pressing
Authors: Yang Kai Huai , Chen Wen Zhe
Published: August 2010

Three groups of commercial 1060 Al alloy sheets were subjected to constrained groove pressing (CGP) at room temperature using parallel CGP, 180° cross CGP and 90° cross CGP, respectively. Tensile properties and fracture modes of as-annealed and CGPed samples were investigated. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 1060 Al increases significantly after CGP, while the elongation decreases. But they are strongly dependence on the number of CGP passes and the pressing modes. The UTS and elongation of the samples processed by 90° cross CGP are best, consequently, the static toughness of the 90° cross CGPed samples is enhanced. Besides, all CGPed specimens failed in a ductile manner. With increasing the number of CGP pass, the amount of small dimples increases, and the dimples become shallow and more uniform.
Discussion on Influencing Factors in College Students’ Web-Based Learning of English
Authors: Sun Xui Fang
Published: August 2010

Web-Based Instruction (WBI) has already become a popular option in many higher education institutes, although its efficiency has not been studied. Students will be influenced by many factors while studying through the network. These factors can result in various learning results. The aim of this paper is to discuss the factors affecting the efficiency of WBI by using the method of questionnaire survey. 50 students from the Department of English and 50 students who are not from the Department of English in Anqing Normal College are research subjects. The influencing factors investigated include independent learning capability (ILC), study conditions in college, and students’ family conditions. The investigation results are analyzed and some methods to improve the learning efficiency are proposed.
The Composting Treatment of Residue from Biological Municipal Waste Anaerobic Digestion
Authors: Feng Lei , Li Run Dong
Published: August 2010

The high-solids anaerobic digestion of biological municipal waste (BMW) produces both a valuable fuel production (methane) and an anaerobic digestion residue. Compost technology was chosen to treat with anaerobic digestion residue and the conclusion was. 1) The anaerobic digestion of the bio-waste as a whole worked fine during the stabilization stage, the maximum daily gas production happened on the 125th day, the maximum was 91.86L/d and TS concentration in the digestive juice was14.78%, methane concentration was about 50-55%, HRT was 20 days and the biodegradation rate was 65.28%;2) The temperature of AD residue compost entered the thermophilic phase(55°C) on day 3 of composting, lasted at least 3days, the changes in pH followed the same trend with a rise from 6.18 to 7.26 on the 14th day, he final mass loss was 30.12%, which resulted in the compost quality higher than innocuity criteria.
Numerical Simulation of a Combined Plasma Arc Based on Sequentially Coupled Physics Analysis
Authors: Meng Jian Bing , Dong Xiao Juan , Xu Wen Ji
Published: August 2010

A three-dimensional axisymmetric mathematical model, including the influence of the swirl exiting in the plasma torch, was developed to describe the heat transfer and fluid flow within a combined plasma arc. In this model, a mapping method and a meshing method of variable step-size were adopted to mesh the calculation domain and to improve the computational precision. To overcome the problem issuing from a coexistence of non-transferred arc and transfer arc and a complicated interaction between electric, magnetic, heat flow and fluid flow phenomena in the combined plasma arc, a sequential coupling method and a physical environment approach were introduced into the finite element analysis on the behaviors of combined plasma arc. Furthermore, the characteristics of combined plasma arc such as temperature, velocity, current density and electromagnetic force were studied.