bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation Effect, Long-Term Mechanisms, and Industrial Upgrading of the Low-Carbon City Pilot Policy: An Empirical Study Based on City-Level Panel Data from China
Authors: Zhao Gongmin , Zhang Yining , Wu Yongjie
Published: September 2024

The green, low-carbon transition is a broad and profound change. The low-carbon city pilot policy (LCCP) is one of the most important strategies in China, aimed at dealing with climate change and realizing the green, low-carbon transition. Therefore, a quantitative evaluation of the implementation effect of the pilot policy is conducive to better promoting low-carbon work in the pilot areas. Based on 283 cities in China from 2005 to 2021, this paper constructs a double-difference model to empirically test the implementation effect, long-term mechanisms, and industrial upgrading of the pilot policy. The results show that the LCCP significantly promotes high-quality economic development and employment stability. After a series of robustness and endogenic tests, the conclusions in this study are still valid. Further analysis of the findings in this paper shows that the pilot programs promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structures. The mediating effect shows that the LCCP has established three long-term mechanisms: developing alternative industries, expanding the level of openness, and promoting innovation. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the pilot policy’s implementation effect is more significant in cities located in central and western regions, as well as in non-resource-based cities. This study proposes the continuation of the promotion and implementation of the pilot policy, an increase in financial funds and policy support, the need to strengthen the labor market’s adaptability and protection mechanisms, the adaptation to local conditions to promote policy implementation, and the need to step up efforts to publicize pilot policies.
Constant Stress-Partially Accelerated Life Tests of Vtub-Shaped Lifetime Distribution under Progressive Type II Censoring
Authors: Fayomi Aisha , Ahmed Asmaa A. , AL-Sayed Neama T. , Behairy Sara M. , Abd AL-Fattah Asmaa M. , AL-Dayian Gannat R. , EL-Helbawy Abeer A.
Published: September 2024

In lifetime tests, the waiting time for items to fail may be long under usual use conditions, particularly when the products have high reliability. To reduce the cost of testing without sacrificing the quality of the data obtained, the products are exposed to higher stress levels than normal, which quickly causes early failures. Therefore, accelerated life testing is essential since it saves costs and time. This paper considers constant stress-partially accelerated life tests under progressive Type II censored samples. This is realized under the claim that the lifetime of products under usual use conditions follows Vtub-shaped lifetime distribution, which is also known as log-log distribution. The log–log distribution is highly significant and has several real-world applications since it has distinct shapes of its probability density function and hazard rate function. A graphical description of the log–log distribution is exhibited, including plots of the probability density function and hazard rate. The log–log density has different shapes, such as decreasing, unimodal, and approximately symmetric. Several mathematical properties, such as quantiles, probability weighted moments, incomplete moments, moments of residual life, and reversed residual life functions, and entropy of the log–log distribution, are discussed. In addition, the maximum likelihood and maximum product spacing methods are used to obtain the interval and point estimators of the acceleration factor, as well as the model parameters. A simulation study is employed to assess the implementation of the estimation approaches under censoring schemes and different sample sizes. Finally, to demonstrate the viability of the various approaches, two real data sets are investigated.
An Enhanced Symmetric Sand Cat Swarm Optimization with Multiple Strategies for Adaptive Infinite Impulse Response System Identification
Authors: Du Chengtao , Zhang Jinzhong , Fang Jie
Published: September 2024

An infinite impulse response (IIR) system might comprise a multimodal error surface and accurately discovering the appropriate filter parameters for system modeling remains complicated. The swarm intelligence algorithms facilitate the IIR filter’s parameters by exploring parameter domains and exploiting acceptable filter sets. This paper presents an enhanced symmetric sand cat swarm optimization with multiple strategies (MSSCSO) to achieve adaptive IIR system identification. The principal objective is to recognize the most appropriate regulating coefficients and to minimize the mean square error (MSE) between an unidentified system’s input and the IIR filter’s output. The MSSCSO with symmetric cooperative swarms integrates the ranking-based mutation operator, elite opposition-based learning strategy, and simplex method to capture supplementary advantages, disrupt regional extreme solutions, and identify the finest potential solutions. The MSSCSO not only receives extensive exploration and exploitation to refrain from precocious convergence and foster computational efficiency; it also endures robustness and reliability to facilitate demographic variability and elevate estimation precision. The experimental results manifest that the practicality and feasibility of the MSSCSO are superior to those of other methods in terms of convergence speed, calculation precision, detection efficiency, regulating coefficients, and MSE fitness value.
Student Perceptions of Generative Artificial Intelligence: Investigating Utilization, Benefits, and Challenges in Higher Education
Authors: Almassaad Ahmad , Alajlan Hayat , Alebaikan Reem
Published: September 2024

This research explores the use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tools among higher education students in Saudi Arabia, aiming to understand their current perceptions of these technologies. This study utilizes the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the theory of Task-Technology Fit (TTF) to examine students’ utilization, perceived benefits, and challenges associated with these tools. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, yielding 859 responses. The findings indicate that 78.7% of students frequently use GenAI tools, while 21.3% do not, often due to a lack of knowledge or interest. ChatGPT emerged as the most widely used GenAI tool, utilized by 86.2% of respondents, followed by other tools like Gemini, Socratic, and CoPilot. Students primarily use these tools for defining or clarifying concepts, translation, generating ideas in writing, and summarizing academic literature. They cite benefits such as ease of access, time-saving, and instant feedback. However, they express concerns about the challenges, including subscription fees, unreliable information, plagiarism, reduced human-to-human interaction, and impacts on learning autonomy. This study underscores the need for increased awareness, ethical guidelines, and robust academic integrity measures to ensure the responsible use of GenAI tools in educational settings. These findings highlight the need for a balanced utilization of GenAI tools in higher education that maximizes benefits while addressing potential challenges and guides the development of policies, curricula, and support systems.
Design and Implementation of a Virtual Experimental Teaching System for Deep Energy Exploitation Based on Digital Twin Technology
Authors: Zhao Peng , Zhu Haiyan
Published: September 2024

The exploration and development of deep oil and gas resources are becoming the primary focus in the fossil energy sector, thereby increasing the demand for highly skilled engineers. Colleges and universities play a crucial role in cultivating talent in petroleum engineering. However, the current traditional teaching systems, particularly in experimental practices, face significant challenges, such as low efficiency, limited environments, and a disconnect between theoretical knowledge and practical application. To address these issues and enhance learners’ practical abilities and comprehension, we introduced digital twin technology into the experimental teaching of deep energy exploitation. This paper analyzes innovative pedagogical approaches, with a special emphasis on the real-time visualization of hydraulic fracturing. Supported by the National Key Laboratory of Chengdu University of Technology, our research team developed multiple digital twin platforms for both indoor and onsite hydraulic fracturing. These platforms utilize advanced algorithms and models, enabling real-time data acquisition and visualization analysis. Pilot teaching results demonstrate that the virtual experimental system based on digital twin technology encourages active learner engagement, improves their understanding of digitalization in engineering, and enhances their professional skills in deep oil and gas exploration. The digital twin-based visualization system is a valuable tool for experimental teaching in deep energy exploitation, and its application could serve as a model for other engineering disciplines.
Spatially Explicit Analysis of Landscape Structures, Urban Growth, and Economic Dynamics in Metropolitan Regions
Authors: Vardopoulos Ioannis , Maialetti Marco , Scarpitta Donato , Salvati Luca
Published: September 2024

Assuming that settlement morphologies and landscape structures are the result of economic transformations, the present study illustrates a statistical framework investigating metropolitan growth due to the inherent changes in landscape configurations vis à vis socio-demographic functions. Focusing on the evolution of their spatial drivers over time, metropolitan development was studied by adopting land parcels (or ‘patches’, as they are referred to in the ecological literature) as the elementary analysis unit—with the individual surface area and a specific shape indicator as the dependent variables and background socioeconomic attributes as predictors of landscape change over time. We specifically ran a Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) testing the spatial dependence of the size and shape of landscape parcels on a vast ensemble of socioeconomic factors in a dense region (metropolitan Athens, Greece) with natural landscapes exposed to increasing human pressure. To investigate the spatial direction and intensity of the settlement expansion and landscape change, local regressions using the parcel area and fractal index (perimeter-to-area ratio) as the dependent variables and the elevation, distance from selected economic nodes, transport infrastructures, and natural amenities as the predictors were run separately for 1990 and 2018, representative of, respectively, a mono-centric configuration and a moderately polycentric organization of economic spaces. In a strictly mono-centric setting (1990), the parcel size showed a linear dependence on the distance from business districts, elevation, and wealth. Changes in the relationship between the parcel size and spatial (economic and non-economic) drivers may suggest a latent process of settlement de-concentration, and a possible shift toward polycentric development (2018), as documented in earlier studies. By integrating socioeconomic and ecological dimensions of landscape analysis and land evaluation, the empirical results of this study outline the increased complexity of dispersed landscape structures within dense metropolitan regions and along urban–rural gradients in Europe.
Faeces of Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) as a Bioindicator of Contamination in Urban Environments in Central-West Brazil
Authors: Batista Felipe Zampieri Vieira , de Souza Igor Domingos , Garcia Diego Azevedo Zoccal , Arakaki Daniela Granja , Medeiros Cláudia Stela de Araújo , Ancel Marta Aratuza Pereira , Melo Elaine Silva de Pádua , do Nascimento Valter Aragão
Published: September 2024

Along with exposure to parasites and other biological disease vectors, animal faeces can also contain heavy metals and metalloids. We quantified metals, metalloids, and non-metals in the faeces of capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) that live in parks in the city of Campo Grande (Brazil). Quantification of metalloids was obtained after acid digestion using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer. Higher mean concentrations in mg/kg of aluminium (Al) (140.322), arsenic (As) (0.010), cadmium (Cd) (1.042), chromium (Cr) (26.866), cobalt (Co) (1.946), copper (Cu) (50.764), lead (Pb) (8.762), manganese (Mn) (291.469), molybdenum (Mo) (3.634), nickel (Ni) (5.475), and zinc (Zn) (100.027) were quantified in samples of faeces of capybara that live on the banks of a lagoon that receives input from streams that cross the city. According to the risk assessment, potential risks to the health of children and adults may occur due to the presence of Al, As, Cd, Co, Cu, and Mn through involuntary oral ingestion of faeces, via inhalation and dermal contact. The hazard index (HI) due to oral ingestion was greater than 1 for children and adults. Therefore, we believe that faeces of H. hydrochaeris can be considered as a bioindicator of environmental pollution in urban parks.
Redundancy in Innate Immune Pathways That Promote CD8+ T-Cell Responses in AAV1 Muscle Gene Transfer
Authors: Li Ning , Kumar Sandeep R. P. , Cao Di , Munoz-Melero Maite , Arisa Sreevani , Brian Bridget A. , Greenwood Calista M. , Yamada Kentaro , Duan Dongsheng , Herzog Roland W.
Published: September 2024

While adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors are successfully used in a variety of in vivo gene therapy applications, they continue to be hampered by the immune system. Here, we sought to identify innate and cytokine signaling pathways that promote CD8+ T-cell responses against the transgene product upon AAV1 vector administration to murine skeletal muscle. Eliminating just one of several pathways (including DNA sensing via TLR9, IL-1 receptor signaling, and possibly endosomal sensing of double-stranded RNA) substantially reduced the CD8+ T-cell response at lower vector doses but was surprisingly ineffective at higher doses. Using genetic, antibody-mediated, and vector engineering approaches, we show that blockade of at least two innate pathways is required to achieve an effect at higher vector doses. Concurrent blockade of IL-1R1 > MyD88 and TLR9 > MyD88 > type I IFN > IFNaR pathways was often but not always synergistic and had limited utility in preventing antibody formation against the transgene product. Further, even low-frequency CD8+ T-cell responses could eliminate transgene expression, even in MyD88- or IL-1R1-deficient animals that received a low vector dose. However, we provide evidence that CpG depletion of vector genomes and including TLR9 inhibitory sequences can synergize. When this construct was combined with the use of a muscle-specific promoter, transgene expression in muscle was sustained with minimal local or systemic CD8+ T-cell response. Thus, innate immune avoidance/blockade strategies by themselves, albeit helpful, may not be sufficient to prevent destructive cellular responses in muscle gene transfer because of the redundancy of immune-activating pathways.
Limited Short-Term Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase under Remdesivir Exposure in Upper Respiratory Compartments
Authors: Novitsky Vladimir , Beckwith Curt G. , Carpenter-Azevedo Kristin , Shin Jimin , Hague Joel , Sam Soya , Steingrimsson Jon , Huard Richard C. , Lethbridge Kevin , Sahu Sujata , Rapoza Kim , Chandran Karen , Bazerman Lauri , Hipolito Evelyn , Diaz Isabella , Carnevale Daniella , Guang August , Gillani Fizza , Caliendo Angela M. , Kantor Rami
Published: September 2024

Background: The extent of the SARS-CoV-2 short-term evolution under Remdesivir (RDV) exposure and whether it varies across different upper respiratory compartments are not fully understood. Methods: Patients hospitalized for COVID-19, with or without RDV therapy, were enrolled and completed up to three visits, in which they provided specimens from four respiratory compartments. Near full-length genome SARS-CoV-2 sequences were obtained from viral RNA, standard lineage and variant assignments were performed, and viral mutations in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region—the RDV target gene—were detected and compared between participants with and without RDV, across the four compartments, within participants across visits, and versus a larger sequence dataset. The statistical analysis used a generalized linear mixed-effects model. Results: A total of 139 sequences were obtained from 37 out of the 44 (84%) enrolled participants. The genotyping success varied across respiratory compartments, which ranged from 42% with oropharyngeal specimens to 67% with nasopharyngeal specimens and showed improvement with higher viral loads. No RdRp mutations known to be associated with RDV resistance were identified, and for 34 detected mutations at 32 amino acid positions that are not known as RDV-associated, there was no evidence of any associations with the RDV exposure, respiratory compartment, or time. At least 1 of these 34 mutations were detected in all participants, and some differed from the larger sequence dataset. Conclusions: This study highlighted the SARS-CoV-2 short-term genomic stability within hosts and across upper respiratory compartments, which suggests a lack of evolution of RDV resistance over time. This contributes to our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 genomic dynamics.
Isolation, Identification and Genomic Analysis of Orange-Spotted Grouper Iridovirus Hainan Strain in China
Authors: Cao Helong , Zhang Dongzhuo , Mu Guanghui , Wu Siting , Tu Yurong , Qin Qiwei , Wei Jingguang
Published: September 2024

The orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) is an important mariculture fish in China. However, in recent years, with the rapid development of aquaculture activities, outbreaks of viral diseases have affected the grouper aquaculture industry, causing severe economic losses. In the present study, we isolated and identified a virus from diseased, orange-spotted groupers from an aquaculture farm in Hainan Province, China. The isolated virus was identified as orange-spotted grouper iridovirus, hence named the orange-spotted grouper iridovirus Hainan strain (OSGIV-HN-2018-001). OSGIV-HN-2018-001 induces a cytopathic effect after the infection of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) brain clonal passage (SBC) cells. In addition, the cytoplasm of the OSGIV-HN-2018-001-infected SBC cells was found to contain a large number of hexagonal virus particles with a diameter of approximately 134 nm. Using the Illumina NovaSeq system, we assembled the sequence data and annotated the complete genome of OSGIV-HN-2018-001 (GenBank accession number: PP974677), which consisted of 110,699 bp and contained 122 open reading frames (ORFs). Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that OSGIV-HN-2018-001 was most closely related to ISKNV-ASB-23. The cumulative mortality rate of groupers infected with OSGIV-HN-2018-001 reached 100% on day 8. The spleens were enlarged and blackened after the dissection of the dying groupers. These results contribute to the understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism of the iridovirus infection and provide a basis for iridovirus prevention.
Influence Mechanism of Water Level Variation on Deformation of Steep and Toppling Bedding Rock Slope
Authors: Li Tiantao , Ran Weiling , Wei Kaihong , Guo Jian , Chen Shihua , Li Xuan , Chen Mingyang , Pei Xiangjun
Published: September 2024

The construction of major hydropower projects globally is challenged by slope deformation in reservoir areas. The deformation and failure mechanisms of large rock slopes are complex and poorly understood, making prevention and management extremely challenging. In order to explore the influence mechanism of the water level variation on the deformation of steep toppling bedding rock slopes, this paper takes the right bank slope near the dam area of the Longtou Hydropower Station as an example, and field investigations, deformation monitoring, physical simulation tests and numerical analyses are carried out. It is found that the slope deformation response is obvious under the influence of the reservoir water level variation, which is mainly reflected in the change in the slope groundwater level, rock mechanical parameters and seepage field in the slope body. The toe of the slope produces plastic deformation and maximum displacement. With the increase in the reservoir water level, the plastic zone expands and the displacement increases, which leads to the intensification of the slope deformation. This paper puts forward that the deformation and failure modes of the steep and toppling bedding rock slope caused by water level variation are due to shear dislocation, bending deformation and toppling fracture. This study reveals the influence mechanism of the water level variation on the deformation of steep and toppling bedding rock slopes, which can provide theoretical support for the construction of major hydropower projects.
Prediction and Management of the Groundwater Environmental Pollution Impact in Anning Refinery in Southern China
Authors: Fang Xiaoqi , Tang Shiyao , Niu Zhenru , Tong Juntao
Published: September 2024

Anning Refinery, a large-scale joint venture in southern China, possesses significant potential in regard to polluting local groundwater environments due to its extensive petroleum raw materials. This study aims to mitigate the substantial risks associated with oil spills and prevent consequential groundwater pollution by developing a robust groundwater flow model using the MODFLOW module in GMS software that aligns closely with natural and pumping test conditions. Furthermore, by integrating the MT3DMS model, a groundwater solute transport model is constructed and calibrated using sodium chloride tracer dispersion data. Notably, the wax hydrocracking unit and aviation coal finished product tank area are identified as key pollution sources warranting attention. By considering local constraints such as karst collapse, ground subsidence, and single-well water output capacity, the study introduces a tailored groundwater pollution management model. The research simulates various scenarios of petroleum pollutant migration in groundwater and proposes multi-objective emergency response optimization plans. In Scenario 1, simulations show that petroleum pollutants migrate within the unconfined aquifer and enter the karst aquifer as low-concentration plumes over an extended period. Detection of these plumes in karst water monitoring wells indicates upstream unconfined aquifer contamination at higher concentrations, necessitating immediate activation of the nearest monitoring or emergency wells in both layers. Conversely, in Scenario 2, pollutants reside briefly in the unconfined aquifer before entering the karst aquifer at relatively higher concentrations. Here, low-efficiency pollutant discharge through unconfined aquifer monitoring wells prompts the activation of nearby karst aquifer monitoring or emergency wells for effective pollution control. This model underscores the necessity for proactive monitoring and validates the efficacy of coupled numerical modeling in understanding pollutant behavior, offering valuable insights into pollution control scenario assessments. In summary, the study emphasizes the importance of targeted monitoring and emergency protocols, demonstrating the benefits of integrated modeling approaches in industrial areas prone to pollution risks, and provides critical theoretical and practical guidance for groundwater protection and pollution management, offering transferable insights for similar industrial settings worldwide.
Hydraulic Property Estimation of Green Roof Substrates from Soil Moisture Time Series
Authors: Cuadrado-Alarcón Blanca , Vanwalleghem Tom , Laguna Ana María , Hayas Antonio , Peña Adolfo , Martínez Gonzalo , Lora Ángel , Giráldez Juan Vicente
Published: September 2024

The adoption of green roofs is an effective practice for mitigating environmental issues in urban areas caused by extreme weather conditions. However, certain design aspects of green roofs, such as the characterization of the physical properties of their substrates, need a better understanding. This study proposes a simple method for estimating two hydraulic properties of green roof substrates based on the evolution of moisture during drying periods, or drydowns, where evaporative processes dominate: the weighted-mean diffusivity and the saturated hydraulic conductivity. Soil moisture was monitored using 12 in situ sensors from 2015 to 2020 in a study involving six different green roof plots composed of various mixtures of demolition-recycled aggregates and organic substrates. A universal parameterization for determining water diffusivity in soils was applied to estimate the weighted-mean hydraulic diffusivity. As a by-product, the saturated hydraulic conductivity was estimated from the evaluated diffusivity and the measured water retention data. The median values obtained for D¯ and ks range from 14.5 to 29.9 cm2d−1 and from 22 to 361 cmd−1, respectively. These values fall within the ranges reported by other research groups using direct measurement methods and supports the validity of Brutsaert’s model for green roof substrates. Furthermore, an increase in D¯ and a decrease in ks were observed as the percentage of recycled aggregates in the substrates increased, which could be considered for design purposes.
DRUG PRECURSOR TARGETING THE BOMBESIN RECEPTOR FOR PEPTIDE-RECEPTOR RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY
Authors: Beloborodov Evgeniy Alekseevich , Yurova Elena Valer'evna , Sugak Dmitriy Evgen'evich , Pogodina Evgeniya Sergeevna , Rastorgueva Evgeniya Vladimirovna , Saenko Yuriy Vladimirovich
Published: September 2024

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. A promising modality for cancer treatment is peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Therapeutic radionuclide is delivered using peptide-based vectors, which can bind to specific receptors on the cancer cell surface. Bombesin receptors are one of the receptors peculiar to many types of cancer, which can be targeted by peptide vectors. Peptides have a number of advantages, but they also have one serious drawback: low stability in the internal environment. To solve the problem, it is possible to the include a therapeutic peptide in the structure of a highly stable knottin peptide.
Objective. The aim of the study is to examine the stability of BBN/C1-C2 structure, created on the basis of U5-scytotoxinSth1a knottin and bombesin tropic to bombesin receptor, and the ability of this structure to bind to target receptors on the cancer cell surface.
Materials and Methods. BBN/C1-C2 peptide was obtained by solid-phase peptide synthesis. Then, is underwent chromatography purification under analytical chromatography and mass spectrometry control. Stability was studied by analytical chromatography. Competitive inhibition analysis was carried out using a fluorescently labeled GRP peptide with excess BBN/C1-C2 and fluorescently labeled BBN/C1-C2 with GRP bombesin receptor inhibitor. Cancer cell line PC-3 expressing bombesin receptors and normal cell line CHO-K1 not expressing bombesin receptors were used in the work.
Results. The conducted studies have shown that hybrid BBN/C1-C2 peptide based on bombesin peptide inserted into the U5-scytotoxinSth1a knottin framework between the first and second cysteine residues has a greater stability compared to the commercial radiopharmaceutical PSMA-617. BBN/C1-C2 peptide is specific to bombesin receptor: it binds to PC-3 cancer cell line with a target bombesin receptor on its surface, and does not bind to the healthy CHO-K1 cell line, without a target receptor. BBN/C1-C2 peptide shows high affinity for the bombesin receptor, since GRP prevents its binding to the PC-3 cell line.
NEUROPROTECTIVE THERAPY OF CEREBROVASCULAR INSUFFICIENCY
Authors: Mashin Viktor Vladimirovich , Kotova Elena Yur'evna , Belova Lyudmila Anatol'evna , Dolgova Dinara Rishatovna , Sukhikh Sergey Sergeevich
Published: September 2024

One of the leading manifestations of chronic cerebrovascular diseases is impairment of cognitive and motor functions. Drugs recognized as neuroprotectors are used to correct such impairments. They intervene in and inhibit the pathogenetic cascade that results in the cell death in vascular pathology.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of neuroprotective therapy for cerebrovascular insufficiency (CVI).
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted at the neurological department of the Ulyanovsk Central Clinical Medical Sanitary Station. The study included data analysis on 60 patients divided into two groups of 30 people each. Patients of the main group received neuroprotective therapy with Cortexin and Neuromexol (Geropharm, Russia) for 10 days along with standard treatment. Patients of the comparison group received only standard treatment. Blood was sampled twice: before and after treatment. The total antioxidant status (TAS) was determined in the blood serum. Such markers as neuron -specific enolase (NSE), antibodies to NR2 peptide were also examined. Statistical processing of the results was performed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and Statistica 13.0. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.
Results. Against the background of neuroprotective therapy, patients of the main group with cerebrovascular insufficiency demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in TAS (by 87.7 %), a decrease in the NSE level (by 2 times) and concentration of antibodies to NR2 peptide (by 47.1 %) compared with the comparison group (p<0.05), which pathogenetically justified use of neuroprotective drugs.
Conclusions. According to our study, neuroprotective therapy is effective in the treatment of patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency.
ELECTRICAL CARDIAC REMODELING IN MEN WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AFFECTED BY PSORIASIS VULGARIS
Authors: Razin Vladimir Aleksandrovich , Nesterov Aleksey Sergeevich , Kurganova Yuliya Nikolaevna , Vorotnikov Il'ya Mikhaylovich , Gimaev Rinat Khudzyatovich
Published: September 2024

Psoriasis and arterial hypertension are often observed in men of working age. Biologically active molecules such as insulin-like growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), etc. play a significant role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. These factors contribute to cardiac remodeling, which is one of the arrhythmogenic substrates.
The aim of the study was a comprehensive assessment of electrical cardiac parameters in male patients suffering from arterial hypertension affected by psoriasis vulgaris.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in 2021–2023. It involved 110 male patients undergoing outpatient treatment for stage 2 arterial hypertension. Their average age was 52.4±6.9 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (comparison) – 50 patients with arterial hypertension; Group 2 (control) – 60 patients with hypertension and psoriasis vulgaris in the progressive moderate severity stage (PASI index between 10 and 20).
Results. In males with arterial hypertension affected by psoriasis vulgaris, late ventricular potentials were statistically significantly more common (33 %) compared to those with arterial hypertension without psoriasis (16 %) (χ²=4.32; p=0.048). In patients with both arterial hypertension and psoriasis, a greater number of local peaks in the ventricular complex along all Frank orthogonal leads were registered in spectral-temporal mapping of the QRS complex.
Conclusion. The concomitant psoriasis vulgaris in males with arterial hypertension negatively effects the parameters of cardiac electrical remodeling.
Conhecimento de mães sobre aleitamento materno e seus impactos na saúde bucal de bebês e pré-escolares em uma unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Soares Lívia Pessamílio , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O aleitamento materno (AM) possui inúmeros benefícios para a saúde materno-infantil e é um dos principais fatores de risco na infância se praticado abaixo do tempo ideal. Organização Mundial da Saúde recomenda AM exclusivo por seis meses e complementado até dois anos ou mais. Objetivos: Identificar a prevalência de AM exclusivo no território de uma unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), conhecer os fatores associados à essa prática e avaliar o conhecimento das mães sobre esse assunto em relação à saúde bucal. Material e Métodos: Foi realizado estudo transversal com aplicação de questionário para uma amostra de 95 mães. Foi realizada análise descritiva e as associações foram analisadas por meio do teste de qui-quadrado, as variáveis quantitativas pelos testes t ou ANOVA e para as categóricas foram estimadas odds ratio. Resultados: Prevalência de AM exclusivo até 6 meses na população estudada foi de 63,2%. Crianças que utilizavam chupeta apresentaram 62% (OR 0,38; IC95% 0,156-0,899) menos a frequência de AM exclusivo. Mães que não realizaram pré-natal (PN) na unidade básica de saúde (UBS) possuíam mais consciência da importância das consultas odontológicas durante a gestação (ρ= 0,029) e também receberam mais informações sobre o prejuízo do uso da mamadeira (ρ=0,026) e chupeta (ρ= 0,047). As maiores pontuações de conhecimento estiveram associadas à idade da mãe (ρ= 0,010), empregabilidade (ρ= 0,002) e à realização de consulta odontológica de orientações às crianças (ρ= 0,042). Prevalência de AM exclusivo encontrada se aproxima da média brasileira e estima-se que o uso de bicos artificiais possa prejudicar o AM. Conclusão: É necessário aprimorar o desempenho da APS em relação ao AM visando alcançar as mães dependentes deste serviço, por meio da modificação de estratégias de promoção e apoio ao AM, fortalecimento do trabalho multiprofissional e estímulo à realização de consultas odontológicas na gestação.
Tão-só na maternidade: o luto na perda perinatal
Authors: Guimarães Ana Clara Quetz , Faria Hila Martins Campos
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O presente estudo buscou compreender a vivência do luto parental relacionado à perda perinatal. Objetivos: Analisar as peculiaridades do lugar materno na perinatalidade diante da experiência de luto e refletir sobre as estratégias de intervenção psicológica que possam auxiliar no trabalho de luto. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica narrativa, qualitativa e exploratória tendo a discussão do tema proposto sob o viés psicanalítico. A coleta dos materiais para a pesquisa se deu no período de março a novembro de 2023. As buscas eletrônicas ocorreram nas plataformas de dados científicos SciELO, Google Acadêmico, PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science e também por meio de livros que possuem temáticas relevantes para o estudo. A partir dos dados coletados, foram utilizados 6 livros, 4 capítulos de livro, uma tese de mestrado e 10 artigos científicos que abordam temas correlatos com o deste artigo.  Resultados: Os resultados evidenciam que a morte de um filho nesse período é especialmente nociva para a mãe, causando-lhe uma verdadeira devastação psíquica, embora o sofrimento paterno também deva ser considerado. Pôde-se averiguar, também, como o entorno dessas famílias enlutadas e as equipes de saúde são, muitas vezes, despreparadas para lidar e proporcionar um espaço saudável, para que o luto desses pais possa correr de modo salubre. O presente estudo aponta que a adoção de algumas medidas pode auxiliar no trabalho de luto, sendo elas: a oferta da possibilidade de contato com o bebê após o óbito, a ritualização da perda e a possível criação de uma caixa de memórias que possa concretizar a existência do(a) filho(a). Conclusão: O fenômeno do luto tem suas reverberações psíquicas profundas e nocivas na vida da família enlutada. Desse modo, as estratégias de intervenção psicológica são importantes para o cuidado desses pais, sendo elas a legitimação do sofrimento.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE HERBÁRIOS
Authors: Barbosa Jaderson de Araujo Barros , Oliveira Kelvi da Silva , Paula Josenildo Rômulo de , Oliveira Dekarla Xisto
Published: September 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar a importância da construção de herbários como uma abordagem prática e eficaz para o ensino de biologia, destacando-os como ferramentas educacionais que proporcionam aos alunos um contato direto com a diversidade vegetal e o desenvolvimento de habilidades práticas e científicas. Os herbários são coleções de plantas secas, prensadas e etiquetadas, que servem como registros científicos valiosos. A metodologia inclui a implementação de atividades práticas nas quais os alunos coletam, identificam e catalogam plantas, utilizando recursos de pesquisa e orientação dos professores para assegurar a precisão e a manutenção adequada das amostras. Os estudantes participantes desta pesquisa são do ensino médio, organizados em quatro equipes, cada uma com seis alunos. Durante o processo, eles enfrentaram desafios como a identificação correta das espécies, a preservação adequada das amostras, a coordenação do trabalho em grupo e a integração da atividade ao currículo escolar. O artigo oferece diretrizes para a implementação bem-sucedida do projeto e enfatiza a importância do planejamento, organização e conexão com o conteúdo teórico. Além disso, incentiva a reflexão crítica sobre questões ambientais e a conservação da natureza, utilizando os herbários como ponto de partida para discussões sobre sustentabilidade e responsabilidade socioambiental.
Matemática do ensino: Por uma história do saber profissional 1960-2000
Authors: dos Santos Morais Rosilda , Bertoni Pinto Neuza
Published: September 2024

A obra “Matemática do ensino – por uma história do saber profissional” vem dar continuidade ao trabalho iniciado no livro anterior que analisa processos de transformação do saber profissional docente. O presente livro traz reflexões sobre os conceitos de “moderno” e de “livro didático” chamando atenção para a necessidade de reflexão sobre o modo como tais conceitos são mobilizados. Para a análise das transformações no saber profissional docente, mobilizam a matemática do ensino como categoria teórica e tomam livros didáticos produzidos no final dos anos de 1960 como fontes primárias de pesquisa. A teoria do conhecimento de Jean Piaget respalda as discussões elaboradas pelos autores com respeito aos conceitos de estrutura, concreto e atividade. A análise dos livros didáticos apontam a elaboração de uma matemática do ensino moderna em tempos de renovação da matemática. O livro é finalizado com um estudo sobre o tempo em que os currículos passam a orientar o ensino com ampla discussão sobre os processos de elaboração curricular das décadas de 1980 (Proposta Curricular do Estado de São Paulo) e 1990, com os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. Tomam como material de análise para a problematização da matemática do ensino, as Atividades Matemáticas e os Parâmetros em Ação e concluem que esses documentos objetivam um novo saber profissional docente.
Trabalho remoto com e para as crianças na educação infantil: Desafios, limites e possibilidades em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Mattos Teixeira Azevedo Bianca Rafaela
Published: September 2024

Ao (re)afirmar a importância da educação e, mais que isso, da escola para todas as crianças, esta obra nos desafia a refletir sobre as condições de possibilidade de ampliação da participação das crianças e famílias, condições que antecedem e ultrapassam a pandemia, o uso de TDIC e modos de trabalho remoto.
Comparative study of caná – a fermented sugarcane beverage produced from culms with and without bark
Authors: Maia Amazile Biagioni , Marinho Lorena Simão , Nelson David Lee , Tonidandel Lucas Oliveira , Conceição Elaine Cristina da , Quaresma Ailton Junio Pereira
Published: September 2024

Cachaça is a Brazilian beverage produced by distilling fermented must from sugarcane juice, with an alcohol content ranging from 38% and 48% v/v. Currently, thousands of “Alembics” (small-scale destilleries located in agricultural environments) produce cachaça at a high standard of quality with both national and international recognition. These producers possess the infrastructure, knowledge, and expertise required to introduce Caná (a fermented sugarcane beverage) into their production line. According to Brazilian legislation, the alcohol concentration for this beverage is defined to be within the range of 4% to 14%. Being only fermented, Caná retains the phenolic compounds from the juice, which have a high nutritional value. Furthermore, following the example of the European Community, there are prospects for Brazil to implement lower tax rates for beverages produced in small-scale factories with a low alcohol content. This context means that Caná is a significant option for enhancing the competitiveness of Alembics in both the Brazilian and international markets. In this work, a comparison was made between Caná produced from juice obtained from intact stalks and the core (after removing the woody wall). The sensory results were markedly different, and there is still a need for some operational adjustments. Both beverages were positively evaluated, which confirms the prospect of a wide range of colors and flavors for Caná resulting from the use of different varieties of sugarcane, and there exists the possibility of numerous adjustments in operational procedures.
Broadband Coherent Raman Scattering Spectroscopy at 50,000,000 Spectra per Second
Authors: Nakamura Takuma , Hashimoto Kazuki , Ideguchi Takuro
Published: September 2024

Raman scattering spectroscopy is widely used as an analytical technique in various fields, but its measurement process tends to be slow due to the low scattering cross-section. In the last decade, various broadband coherent Raman scattering spectroscopy techniques have been developed to address this limitation, achieving a measurement rate of 500 kSpectra/s. Here, we present a substantially increased measurement rate of 50 MSpectra/s, which is 100 times higher than the previous state-of-the-art, by developing time-stretch coherent Raman scattering spectroscopy. Our newly developed system, based on a mode-locked Yb fiber laser, enables highly efficient broadband excitation of molecular vibrations via impulsive stimulated Raman scattering with an ultrashort femtosecond pulse and sensitive time-stretch detection with a picosecond probe pulse at a high repetition rate of the laser. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we measure broadband coherent Stokes Raman scattering spectra of organic compounds covering the molecular fingerprint region from 200 to 1,200 cm
−1
. This high-speed broadband vibrational spectroscopy technique holds promise for unprecedented measurements of sub-microsecond dynamics of irreversible phenomena and extremely high-throughput measurements.
Integration of artificial intelligence technologies into financial sector information systems
Authors: Неволин И.В.
Published: September 2024

Технологии искусственного интеллекта во многом базируются на больших данных, и, помимо вычислений, которые обеспечивают должную точность и робастность результатов, а также безопасность систем именно вопросы хранения, передачи и обработки больших данных притягивают к себе пристальное внимание исследователей и разработчиков. Причём работу с данными можно рассматривать на математическом уровне, но в данной работе это сделано на уровне архитектуры информационных систем. А именно, рассматривается вопрос о том, какие модули современных информационных систем в финансовой сфере используют технологии искусственного интеллекта и как они соотносятся с хранилищами и процессорами данных. Структурно работа построена так, что за описанием сфер применения искусственного интеллекта следует обзор изобретений по теме, затем анализируются значимые для предметной области стандарты и, наконец, дана общая архитектура информационной системы.

Technology related to artificial intelligence is largely based on big data. In addition to computing issues, that ensure appropriate accuracy and robustness of results, as well as security issues, these are the issues of storing, transmitting and processing of big data that attract the close attention of researchers and developers. Though, data processing could be discussed at the mathematical level, this work treats processes at the level of the architecture of information systems. Namely, under investigation is a question modules constituting modern information systems in the financial sector, artificial intelligence involved in these modules, data storage and data processors. The work is structured as follows. First, the applications of artificial intelligence in finances are described. Second, a review of inventions on the topic is given. Third, the standards relevant to the subject area are analyzed and, finally, the general architecture of the information system is presented.
POWER. A Review
Authors:   KU Leuven, Martens Janno
Published: September 2024

Feel the Heat (2023), a site-specific installation consisting of infrared ceiling-mounted heating modules that run only when motion is detected, provides a gloomy introduction to the otherwise brightly lit exhibition. Developed by TU Delft’s Design, Data and Society Group & The New Open project in collaboration with Meta Office, it was intended to heat the exhibition space in a more efficient way. However, conservation and insurance standards restricted its adoption to the entryway alone–a reminder that barriers to energy efficiency are as much legislative as they are technical, especially within heritage contexts. Architect Philippe Rahm’s Red Carpet (2023) confronts this issue with more traditional means: leveraging the thermal properties of fabrics, Rahm improved the space’s energy efficiency by carpeting its floor with a specially developed red wool.
Senna alata: Phytochemistry, Antioxidant, Thrombolytic, Anti-inflammatory, Cytotoxicity, Antibacterial activity, and GC-MS analysis
Authors: Karki Deepa , Pandey Bipindra , Jha Prabhat , Acharya Ashish , Khanal Dharma Prasad , Raut Bechan , Panthi Sandesh
Published: September 2024

Objective: Nepal's medicinal herbs are rich in cultural importance and have several uses. Senna alata, a plant belonging to the Leguminosae family, is prized for its aesthetic and therapeutic qualities. The goal of the study was to extract Senna alata leaves using several solvent macerations.
Methods: The study aims to evaluate the phytochemistry, total phenolic and flavonoid levels, antioxidant qualities in vitro, anti-inflammatory effects, cytotoxicity, anti-thrombolytic potential, and antibacterial activity, a variety of methodologies were employed.
Results: The extractive values of Senna alata were determined as 1.58%, 0.78%, and 5.92% in hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed major compounds such as 3-Methylmannoside, Neophytadiene, Campesterol, and Vitamin E in the leaf extract. Qualitative phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of tannins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, glycosides, and saponins in the methanol extract. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 46.36±4.5 mg GAE/g and 480.4±3.055 QE/g of dried extract, respectively. The extract exhibited significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, with IC50 values of 29.81 and 9.93, respectively. Additionally, it demonstrated cytotoxic activity with an LC50 value of 767.85 in the brine shrimp bioassay. In terms of thrombolytic activity, the extract showed clot lysis percentages of 7.89% and 10.13% at concentrations of 10 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion: The methanolic extract of Senna alata leaves displayed therapeutic potential, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, and antibacterial effects. The presence of several bioactive compounds, as confirmed by GC-MS analysis, further supports the plant's potential for therapeutic use.