bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fco. J. Martínez García, Los nombres en –u del griego, Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang, 1996, 328 pp.
Authors: Velasco López María del Henar
Published: February 2019

Reseña de Fco. J. Martínez García, Los nombres en –u del griego, Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang, 1996, 328 pp.
KONFLIK ANTARA PLTU INDRAMAYU II DENGAN WARGA MEKARSARI DILIHAT DARI TEORI KEBUTUHAN MANUSIA SIMON FISHER
Authors: Gamayanti Rosa , Nulhaqim Soni Akhmad
Published: February 2019

Konflik merupakan salah satu bentuk dari permasalahan sosial yang ada di masyarakat. Konflik dapat terjadi dikarena berbagai macam hal. Salah satunya dikarenakan oleh kebutuhan manusia yang tidak terpenuhi atau adanya perebutan atas hak yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing pihak yang sedang berkonflik. Konflik yang terjadi di antara PLTU Indramayu II dengan warga Mekarsari merupakan salah satu contoh nyata akibat tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan diantara pihak yang berkonflik serta adanya perebutan kepemilikan lahan diantara keduanya. Konflik yang terjadi tersebut dapat menimbulkan perpecahan, kekerasan, dan kerugian yang dapat dialami oleh kedua belah pihak. Berbagai macam upaya perlu dilakukan untuk menghentikan konflik tersebut. Salah satu langkah yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan mengadakan resolusi konflik untuk kedua pihak yang sedang berkonflik. Melalui resolusi konflik diharapkan pihak yang berkonflik dapat mencapai kesepakatan terbaik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar semua pihak yang berkaitan.   Conflict is a form of social problems that exist in society. Conflicts can occur due to various things. One of them is due to unmet human needs or the struggle for rights owned by each party in conflict. The conflict between the PLTU Indramayu II and the residents of Mekarsari is one concrete example of the lack of fulfillment of the needs of those in conflict and the struggle for land ownership between the two. The conflict that occurs can lead to divisions, violence, and losses that can be experienced by both parties. Various kinds of efforts need to be made to stop the conflict. One step that can be done is by holding conflict resolution for both parties in conflict. Through conflict resolution it is hoped that the conflicting parties can reach the best agreement to meet the basic needs of all parties concerned
PERKEMBANGAN ALUTSISTA SATUAN INFANTERI PADA PRIORITAS PEMBANGUNAN MINIMUM ESSENTIAL FORCE (MEF)
Authors: Soerjono Helmi Tachejadi , Affandi Muhamad Nur , Nulhaqim Soni Akhmad
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi kebutuhan alutsista di Satuan Infanteri pada Prioritas pembangunan Minimum Essential Force (MEF). Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan ialah pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah alutsista mempunyai peranan penting untuk menjaga pertahanan Negara, maka diperlukan upaya yang dapat mendukung prioritas pembangunan minimum essential force (MEF). Adapun upaya yang dapat dilakukan yaitu mengoptimalkan industri pertahanan dalam negeri dan melakukan transfer teknologi. Transfer teknologi dapat diwujudkan seiring dengan terjalinnya berbagai kerja sama pertahanan antara Indonesia dengan beberapa negara maju yang memiliki teknologi pertahanan yang canggih. Perkembangan teknologi pertahanan dalam tingkat global dapat dijadikan motivasi bagi pemerintah Indonesia untuk lebih memperhatikan kemandirian dalam produksi alutsista melalui berbagai perusahaan strategis yang dimiliki oleh pemerintah Indonesia.
KONFLIK AGRARIA ANTARA ALIANSI GERAKAN REFORMA AGRARIA (AGRA) PANGALENGAN DENGAN PERUSAHAAN DAERAH AGRIBISNIS DAN PERTAMBANGAN (PDAP)
Authors: Primayanti Dinda , Fedryansyah Muhammad
Published: February 2019

Konflik agraria adalah salah satu bentuk konflik yang sering terjadi di Indonesia. Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan salah satu wilayah yang rentan terjadi konflik agraria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kronologis terjadinya konflik, tipe konflik, dan penyebab dari konflik agraria antara Aliansi Gerakan Reforma Agraria (AGRA) Pangalengan dengan Perusahaan Daerah Agribisnis dan Pertambangan (PDAP). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur. Jenis penelitian studi literatur adalah mencari referensi teori yang relevan dengan kasus atau permasalahan yang ditemukan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan, diketahui bahwa konflik agraria antara Aliansi Gerakan Reforma Agraria (AGRA) Pangalengan dengan Perusahaan Daerah Agribisnis dan Pertambangan (PDAP) termasuk ke dalam tipe konflik terbuka. Selain itu, penyebab konflik yang terjadi tersebut juga dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori hubungan masyarakat dan teori negosiasi prinsip.  Agrarian conflict is one form of conflict that often occurs in Indonesia. West Java Province is one of the areas prone to agrarian conflicts. This study aims to determine the chronology of the occurrence of conflict, the type of conflict and the causes of agrarian conflicts between the Aliansi Gerakan Reforma Agraria  (AGRA) Pangalengan and Perusahaan Daerah Agribisnis dan Pertambangan  (PDAP). This study uses the literature study method. This type of literature study research is looking for theoretical references that are relevant to cases or problems found. Based on the results of the analysis of agrarian conflicts between the Aliansi Gerakan Reforma Agraria (AGRA) Pangalengan and Perusahaan Daerah Agribisnis dan Pertambangan (PDAP) belong to the type of open conflict and the causes of conflict are analyzed using public relations theory and principle negotiation theory.
Por uma Filologia do discurso: Latinidade, Ethos, Tradições Discursivas e um exercício analítico transdisciplinar
Authors: Irineu Lucineudo Machado
Published: February 2019

Este artigo objetiva examinar os recursos lexicais que evidenciam, linguístico e discursivamente, a expressão diacrônica do conjunto de imagens de si projetadas em editoriais do Jornal do Brasil (JB) e do Clarín (CL), entre os anos de 1945 e 2014, em um exercício analítico transdisciplinar que intitulamos filologia do discurso. Para tal, do ponto de vista teórico, debruçamo-nos sobre os conceitos de Latinidade, Ethos e Tradições Discursivas a partir dos estudos de García Canclini (2008), Maingueneau (2008) e Kabatek (2001), respectivamente. Já do ponto de vista metodológico, voltamo-nos ao exame de recursos lexicais e sua inscrição como elementos linguístico-discursivos indiciadores da emergência das imagens de si nos 50 textos que compõem o corpus, segundo cada periódico, em termos de mudanças e permanências no recorte temporal estabelecido, com destaque para os diversos efeitos de sentido desencadeados na enunciação. Do ponto de vista analítico, constatamos, nos dados analisados, a recorrência de recursos lexicais: (i) do campo semântico relativo às noções de esperança, nacionalismo, dor, pesar e indignação, em diálogo com os discursos histórico, político, religioso e econômico, nas duas gerações de exemplares de editoriais do JB; e (ii) do campo semântico relativo às noções de nacionalismo, indignação, esperança e humanismo, em diálogo com os discursos científico, econômico e político, nas duas gerações de editoriais do CL. Tais constatações nos permitem afirmar que a interface teórica estabelecida, nessa pesquisa, entre a Análise do Discurso e a Filologia Românica, em diálogo com os Estudos Culturais, é promissora para a análise diacrônica de fenômenos discursivos, a exemplo das imagens de si.
Polifonia e modalização na Tradição Discursiva “Aviso de cobrança” nos jornais do século XIX
Authors: Nicolau Roseane Batista Feitosa
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo éanalisar a polifonia e a modalização no aviso de cobrança presente no jornal do Brasil do século XIX, recursos que favorecem na consolidação do gênero como uma tradição discursiva de interação comercial e oficial. Para esse trabalho, nos servimos dos pressupostos teóricos do modelo da Tradição Discursiva (KABATEK, 2005, LOPES, 2011, entre outros) e da Teoria da argumentação (DUCROT, 1984: 1988), dentre outros, que tratam da polifonia e da modalização. Tivemos como corpus a escolha de 05 avisos de cobrança coletados nos jornais, presentes nos acervos da Casa Fundação José Américo, João Pessoa, PB. A polifonia e a modalização, nos avisos de cobrança, são recursos linguísticos e argumentativos que contribuem para que as relações estabelecidas entre os credores e devedores se realizem de maneira cordial e/ou ameaçadora, neste gênero. Apontamos como resultado desta pesquisa que há, no aviso de cobrança, um locutor que pede e, ao mesmo tempo cobra, ou seja, há vozes que se justapõem. E isto pode ser atestado pela constante coocorrência da modalização deôntica volitiva e de obrigatoriedade, sobretudo no aviso de cobrança comercial. Entretanto, a voz que se sobressai é a voz da cobrança, ou seja, a real intenção do locutor, objetivo do gênero e desta Tradição Discursiva.
A Theoretic Approach to History of Brand and Brand Strategies
Authors: DURMAZ Yakup , CAYIRAGASI Filiz , KILIC Zafer
Published: February 2019

Trademark, in todays conditions where competitive environment is getting harder and harder, is not only a name; but also, as products ID, a tool for business which is constituted in the mind of customer and guides the customer in the process of buying. Today, trademark does not seem to be a tool for trading as different from goods and service, and is categorized in the long-term asset. Trademark Strategies are really important for business firms that have large product range in the issue of sustainable competitive advantage pushed up by the trademark. In this respect, in this study firstly information about trademark and sproperties of trademark were given; and then the types of trademark and trademark strategies were handled.
Customer Relationship management and knowledge Management enhancing on innovation Competence: Case Study
Authors: Li Ming
Published: February 2019

Customer Relationship management (CRM) oriented knowledge management focus on customer knowledge more valuable to the company.  The integration of customer relationship management and knowledge management concepts on process level are beneficial for both management approaches.  Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine and elaborate the linking between knowledge management process and customer relationship management to create a customer knowledge management (CKM) model. We need a CKM outputs impacting on business innovation. Under the objective, we studied literatures about CKM.  We results are CKM process, CKM competence, CKM outputs.  We have 12 ways of innovation competence and their corresponding CKM outputs. The implication of Knowledge innovation of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Companys experience is presented.
Maintenance ERP Risk management for the Service Industry case study: Hajj and Pilgrimage Organization
Authors: Khozouie Nasim , Farjami Yaghoob , Rafighi Masoud
Published: February 2019

In recent decades, a lot of company across the world have implementedERP systems. Although ERP implementation is a more explored issue, But even ERP implementation ï¬nished satisfactorily, success in ERP adoption is notguaranteed. It depends on the effectiveness process in thepost-implementation ERP systems.There are critical success factors in these projects. In this paper we evaluate critical Risk factor after ERP implementation at Service Industry,especialyHajj and Pilgrimage Organization.
Role of Taxation in Formulation of Monetary Policy (Case study of Pakistan)
Authors: Salih Memon Mohammad , KhatoonGaad Dr. Subhan , Rahat Sarmad
Published: February 2019

Actually this is the problem of most of the countries to move or strengthen their economy by maintaining all necessary requirements in this light we worked out for the identification of the variables/reasons which can create the ways for more money available in the economy for utilizing it for growth and development, for that reason data was collected from the secondary sources like ministry of finance, state bank of Pakistan and applied linear regression to check the relationship, and concluded that model of the equation if perfect which clearly identifies that tax collections are highly and positively correlated with the monetary assets available in the country means when tax collection base is exactly planned or implemented no doubt collection will improve and this improvement will lead to more money available in the economy for the all reasons which leads the economic system towards growth and development.
Impact of Non-Development Expenditure on Economic Development of Pakistan
Authors: Salih Memon Mohammad , Ali Pasha Panhwar Mohammad , Lal Talreja Parkash
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the non-development expenditure and 6 independent variables of economic development for that reason data was collected from the ministry of finance government of Pakistan and State Bank of Pakistan for above said variables for the period of 2000-01 to 2009-10 and linear regression was applied to identify the relationship and concluded that overall model is fit means independent variables in the equation is rightly predicting the dependent variable (non-development expenditure), but the strength of relationship is somehow high and positive of independent variables Health & Nutrition expenditure with the non-development expenditure, and unemployment rate and exports according to the data and results are negatively related with the non-development expenditure, which means exports must be increased to reduce the non-development expenditure.
Role of Investment, Inflation and Unemployment on Tax Collection of Pakistan
Authors: Memon Mohammad Salih , RazaAbdi Dr. Asad , Rahat Mr. Sarmad
Published: February 2019

The major development variables was checked by the effects of taxation by using linear regression, and looking at the results and their discussions it is very clearly observed by the researchers that increased tax collection will boost the inflation, means producers are shifting the burden of taxes on the consumers which is not a good sign for the smooth economic system, and tax collections are not purely concerned with the investment means investors are not looking for the tax shelter or rebate but only they are looking to the opportunities, and finally tax collection have negative impact on Un-employment rate, which states that improved tax collections are properly utilized in productive opportunities in the result un-employment rate is decreasing.
Refining Complexity Metrics of Component Based Softwares by taking Average Use Factor in Black Box Testing
Authors: Singh Ashima , Mittal Richa
Published: February 2019

We propose to compute the complexity metrics of component based software in more justified way by taking considerations of their using frequencies. The complexity metrics calculation of the component Based softwares by using black box testing is still not refined. The reason is that the various components are not used by the end users uniformly. Again, use of various components depends upon user to user as per their requirements. So therefore calculating straight forward their complexity on the basis of number of components, their interfaces and data types are not sufficient. We must add the factor of their (AUF) average use factor by the customers of different components. As we know that every algorithm or program have 3 complexity states i.e . a) Best Case b) Average case and c) Worst case. As we know that each and every components of software is not used uniformly by the users. So calculating merely on the basis of their no of components, interfaces and data types predicts only theoretical complexity of that software. If we wish to calculate more justified complexity metrics then we must normalize these components on the basis of their frequency of use in normal routine. As it's quite possible that some modules or components are rarely used by common users. In this case those components hardly influence the complexity of that software. Thus we can reduce significantly the complexity of component based software which was earlier hypothetically calculated very high.
Convergence with the IFRS - Benefits and Challenges for India
Authors: Bhatia Dr. Archana
Published: February 2019

In recent times, capital markets have become global and continue to expand. Moreover, there has been significant globalization of production and trade. Investors can trade shares and securities worldwide. Entities are in a position to access the funds globally in the most advantageous markets.
Migrant Labourers and Remittances Flow to India
Authors: MUKHOPADHYAY Dr. DEBASIS , K. Karmakar Dr. Asim
Published: February 2019

Remittances are defined as the money transmitted from one place to another. Although remittances can also be sent in-kind, the term remittances usually refers to cash transfers. Migrant worker remittances are the part of total remittance flows that is transmitted by migrant workers, usually to their families or friends back home. Remittances are an important and stable source of income for households, in particular in developing countries. Analytical studies have shown that the flow of remittances is the least influenced by economic downturn and remains a stable source of income. Remittances have been identified as the third pillar of development as their volume is second to foreign direct investment and higher than overseas development assistance.Under the altruistic view, the migrant sends remittances home because he cares about the well being of his / her family in the home country, and the remittance satisfies the immigrants concern for the welfare of his family. Opposite to the altruistic motive is the immigrant who sends remittances to the home country mainly for economic reasons and financial self-interest. This paper tries to focus on choice between formal and informal channels which depends on a variety of factors, including the efficiency, the level of charges and exchange rates, the availability of facilities for transferring funds, the prevalence of political risks and the degree of flexibility in foreign exchange rules. It also put an insight into the size and frequency of total remittance flows  determined by several factors, such as: the number of migrant workers, wage rates, economic activity in the host country/region and in the sending country/region, exchange rates, political risk, facilities for transferring funds, marital status, level of education of the migrant, whether or not accompanied by dependents, years since out migration, household income level, relative interest rate between labour-sending and receiving and peeps into its effect on the BOP of the country.
Comparison of Different Face Recognition Method Based On PCA
Authors: Saha Rajib , Bhattacharjee Debotosh , Barman Sayan
Published: February 2019

This paper is about human face recognition in image files. Face recognition involves matching a given image with the database of images and identifying the image that it resembles the most. Here, face recognition is done using:

(a) Eigen faces and

(b) applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on image.

The aim is to successfully demonstrate the human face recognition using Principal component analysis & comparison of Manhattan distance, Eucleadian distance & Chebychev distance for face matching.
EFFECT OF TURNAROUND STRATEGIES ON PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC CORPORATIONS IN KENYA
Authors: Komen Lucy Birir
Published: February 2019

Many public corporations experiencing decline in performance have opted to implement turnaround strategies to improve their performance. This study extends previous research findings by seeking to examine the effect of turnaround strategies on performance of Public Corporations in Kenya, by identifying the turnaround strategies adopted in these Corporations, and to determine the effect of turnaround strategies on their performance. To achieve this objective, correlational research was adopted. The target population comprised 162 public corporations in Kenya. A purposive sample of thirty two (32) corporations was used in the study. A Likert type scale questionnaire was administered to respondents to collect data from the selected public corporations. Primary data was complemented with secondary data collected from the corporations for the previous three years. Data collected was edited and processed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics that is in percentages were used to describe the research variables. Pearsons product moment coefficient was used to examine the relationship between turnaround strategies and organisational performance and multiple regression was used to establish the effect of turnaround strategies on performance of the corporations. The results showed a significant positive relationship between turnaround strategies and performance, P-value<0.05. The positive relationship suggests that when declining corporations implement turnaround strategies (revenue generating and cost reduction strategies) their performance when measured using the balance scorecard measurement tool which measures financial perspective, customer satisfaction, internal business processes and innovation and learning perspectives, will improve positively. The findings also found that cost reduction strategies had a greater effect on the performance of public corporations in Kenya compared to revenue generating strategies. Therefore, it can be recommended that public corporations need to implement turnaround strategies to turn around declining corporations. The study also recommends areas of further research.
Creating a Favourable environment For Managing Innovation In Organizat?on
Authors: Olumide Oluayo Akintan , Marsap Prof Dr. Akin
Published: February 2019

The research on innovation had been a vast field that have drawn a lot of thinking and also creativity. The condition necessary for forming a favorable environment in the most of organisation is just a light reflecting to the proposed pathway a company can utilize so as to attaining success in innovation. Innovation according to Austrian Economist Joseph Schumpeter outlined in (The theory of economic development) where he proposed 5 types of innovation. Product, Process, Business, Source of supply, Mergers and divestment.There have been alot of works on innovation which lead to addition types of innovation. To understand the topic innovation, one must be able to also comprehend the some key components of innovation, the nature of innovation, the importance, the stages of Innovation, the categories innovation, the drivers of innovation. The strategies that we can use to motivate members is also neccessary.Further, an extensive research was conducted that lead to the proponent of six conditions that can favour the management of innovation in organisations as: The importance of teamwork and the involvement of every employee, the importance of management participation, the importance of effective communication and information flow, the importance of an innovative culture, the importance of the employees vocational training, the importace of employees role integration around specialties and process rather than department.
COINTEGRATION BETWEEN EXCHANGE RATE AND INTEREST RATE DIFFERENTIAL: THE CASE OF PAK RUPEE/US DOLLAR
Authors: Ali Shah G.Syed Dr.Anwar , M.Shaikh Faiz , Sattar Shah Abdul , Akram Muhammad
Published: February 2019

Empirical literature is inconclusive whether a relationship exists between Interest Rate Differential and exchange rate. However, theoretical literature suggests that such positive relationship exists between these variables. Monthly interest rate data between Pakistan and USA from Jan 2001 to December 2010 was taken and co-integration technique was applied to empirically test the relationship between both variables. The results show no relationship exists between these variables. This results supports the findings of previous studies of Edison and Pauls (1993) and Shah,A and Saeed Ur Reham (2010).
NEW SERVICE DEVELOPMENT AND ITS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN IRAN BANKING INDUSTRY
Authors: Ghahramani Shahram , Rezvani Mehran , Rahnavard Farajollah
Published: February 2019

New service development is increasingly becoming one of the most important aspects of business strategy in both service and non-service industries. In todays economical world where has become more service oriented, it can be said that the new service development (NSD) is one of the most important components of growth in dynamic environments. As new proposals lead to an increase in income, profit and develop in market share. The aim of the study was to survey new service development and factors affecting its financial performance in banking industry. In terms of research philosophy this is a demonstrative, in terms of research purpose and direction it's a practical and descriptive, and in terms of research implementation strategy it's a survey research that has been executed in cross-sectional time period. The purpose of the research sampling was to examine the new services, which are provided in the various banks. Stratified probability sampling method used is based on 150 questionnaires in headquarters and branches of different banks, which are located in Tehran city, and 118 questionnaires were gathered. Data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed in both descriptive and inferential level by using SPSS version 21 and Lisrel 8.8 Windows version. Structural equation modeling techniques (confirmatory factor analysis and structural analysis) have been used to test the research hypotheses. Results of the research showed that cross-functional teams and learning orientation have positive impact on the new service marketability. And indirectly have a positive impact on the financial performance of new service. Customer involvement and learning orientation have positive impact on the new service launch preparation, but the effect of new service launch preparation on new service financial performance has not been proved in the current study.
A Strengthening Asean Cyber Cooperation in Countering Cyber Terrorist Groups Activities on the Internet by Implementing the Six-Ware Cyber Security Framework
Authors: Gultom Rudy Agus Gemilang , Supriyadi Asep Adang , Kustana Tatan
Published: February 2019

Nowadays, the extremism, radicalism and terrorism groups have taken advantages the use of Internet access to support their activities, i.e, member recruitment, propaganda, fundraising, cyberattack actions against their targets, etc. This is one of the issues of cyber security as a negative impact of internet utilization especially by the extremism, radicalism and terrorism groups. They know the benefits of the internet services and social media can be used to facilitate the control of information in their organizational command and control system.  In order to tackle this cyber security issue, the internet users in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member countries should get more understanding as well as protection from their government against the danger of cyber extremism, cyber radicalism or cyber terrorism activities over the Internet. Therefore, this paper tries to explain the need of an ASEAN Cyber Security Framework standard in order to countering cyber terrorism activities via Internet as well as introducing the initial concept of Six-Ware Cyber Security Framework (SWCSF).
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE & RISK IN INDIAN BANKS: A COMPARISON OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC BANKS
Authors: Dawar Gaurav , Goyal Swati
Published: February 2019

Banking sector is one of dominant sector and represents growth and development of the economy. The sector has been one of the top performers in stock market. Indian Stock Market experienced great volatility during the period of 2007-2008. The study is about the ownership structure and risk in Indian banks which they encountered during the period of slow down in India. This paper examines the effect of ownership on performance and risk of commercial banks in India during the period 2000-2009. The study would examine whether there exists any significant difference in the performance and risk among Public and sector banks and effort has been made to evaluate the performance of bank before and after the period of 2007-2008 to evaluate and understand the ground reality in Indian banking sector. The study investigated that whether any significant difference exists in the performance and risk of ownership groups of private & public banks in India. Regression results would be used to examine the association between the size of the banks and non-performing loans, and between demand deposits & risky loans.
Software Quality: A mosaic of abstractions
Authors: Lehal Manpreet Singh
Published: February 2019

Today software market is highly volatile and competitive. The complexity of commercial software is on the rise along with the time constraint to produce high quality software. Increased software complexity probably leads to more and more defects but still organizations can afford it at the cost of being initiators. The idea of this paper is to nuance and provide an overview of the landscape of what sometimes briefly (and mostly thoughtlessly) simply is labeled quality. Quality can be a very elusive concept that can be approached from a number of perspective dependent on once take and interest. Every organization is unique and has its own needs so it is difficult to recommend â€œone size fit allâ€ solution.
Critical Analysis of the Emergency Program for the Acceleration of the Reform of the Moroccan Educational System
Authors: Harizi Driss
Published: February 2019

System of Education and Training is a major lever in the development of Morocco, this awareness has made this system as the second priority after national territorial integrity. Therefore, many projects have been implemented to reform the system of Education and Training. In this context, we discuss the National Charter of Education and Training representing the reference document benefiting from a general consensus for reform, the 2000-2010 decade was the decade of reform. The summary assessment of the reform shows that it is an " The Road Not Traveled "[1]. In order to accelerate reform of the System of Education and Training in Morocco, another program was designed and implemented for a period of four years from 2009 to 2012, this is the emergency program. Starting from the design phase, and based on the experiences and everyday practices of its implementation, the present article aims to answer the following questions with a target of capitalization of experiences and a contribution to make the Education System Training and learning organization:

How this program was developed?

What are the objectives of the program,?

What is it composed of?

How it works?

What arethe achievements?

Can we assess now?

What to donext?

What does theinformation represent inthis approach ?

What are the lessons we can draw?
Analyzing Students Performance Using Frequent Item Set Mining, Clustering & Classification
Authors: Shirwaikar Rudresh , Rajadhyax Nikhil
Published: February 2019

Educational data mining (EDM) is defined as the area of scientific inquiry centered around the development of methods for making discoveries within the unique kinds of data that come from educational settings , and using those methods to better understand students and the settings which they learn in. Data mining enables organizations to use their current reporting capabilities to uncover and understand hidden patterns in vast databases. As a result of this insight, institutions are able to allocate resources and staff more effectively. In this paper, we present a real-world experiment conducted in Shree Rayeshwar Institute of Engineering and Information Technology (SRIEIT) in Goa, India. Here we found the relevant subjects in an undergraduate syllabus and the strength of their relationship. We have also focused on classification of students into different categories such as good, average, poor depending on their marks scored by them by obtaining a decision tree which will predict the performance of the students and accordingly help the weaker section of students to improve in their academics. We have also found clusters of students for helping in analyzing student  performance and also improvising the subject teaching in that particular subject.
A to Z of Green Marketing in India
Authors: Khan Anna
Published: February 2019

From the time the industrial era started, humans have used nature selfishly. Man has been accused of heartlessly damaging the environment and has been found guilty of ruining the ecology. This has in turn reflected in the major calamities and catastrophe that we face today. The famines and floods or the melting of the glaciers are some of the examples of human carelessness. However it has become the need of the hour to focus on what can be done to tackle the situation at hand and focus on building a sustainable world. The following paper will try to 1) understand the term green marketing 2) focus on whether Indians are a green community 3) steps taken by government to ensure environment protection 4) how the Indian companies are responding green issues
Rural Marketing in India-An Over view: Case Study of BSNL
Authors: Sharma Narinder
Published: February 2019

The growing complexities in the modern marketing are also generating ample opportunities in the business world and it has become important for the producers of goods and services to tap all such markets where enough untapped potential is available. The dynamic change in the marketing practices and strategies has transformed the marketing environment to a significant extent. To meet the challenge of creation and retention of customers and entry to rural market with good product packages has become need of an hour. On the other hand increased purchasing power of rural customers has attracted the attention of marketers.Â  It requires unique marketing strategy full of client and location oriented involvement of 4Aâ€™s. Keeping in view the growth and development of rural markets in India which are contributing significantly in the countryâ€™s GDP and contributes more than 50% in the total sales of durable and non durable products. It has become more important to look in to the rural markets with great zeal and enthusiasm. Organizations need to sustain if effective network is available to adopt neo-marketing strategies to tap such markets available in rural and for flung areas where more than 65% population is residing with large untapped consumer potential. For this the role of telecom service providers cannot be overlooked. Present paper is an attempt to overview the concept of rural marketing for which marketing strategy with 4-A approach is applied on BSNL one of the leading telecommunication service provider in rural India and to analyze their various marketing strategies adoptedÂ  for rural customers.
An Empirical Analysis of Capital Structure Determinants: Evidence from The Indian Corporate Sector
Authors: Rasoolpur Gurnam Singh
Published: February 2019

Existing empirical research on the determinants of capital structure has been largely restricted to the advanced countries like United States, Japan, France, U. K., Germany etc. The present paper makes an empirical attempt to study the determinants of capital structure of developing countries through a case of the Indian corporate sector by using a panel data approach. The present study, although an exploratory effort, is limited to 298 out of top 500 manufacturing firms selected on the basis of the turnover for the year 2004-2005 which covers the time span of eleven years commencing from 1995-96 to 2005-06. The results of the study demonstrate that that uniqueness and liquidity are the important determinants of capital structure of the Indian corporate sector during the period under study. It is also found that earning rate, cash flow coverage ratio, size (total assets), growth of assets, non-debt tax shield, dividend payout ratio and operating leverage are having a little influence on the capital structure of the Indian corporate sector during the period under study.
Information Technology - Tool to Deal with Bullwhip Effect in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Gupta Sachin , Mishra Pranav
Published: February 2019

Over the past decade, the traditional purchasing and logistics functions have evolved into a broader strategic approach to materials and distribution management known as supply chain management. This research reviews the literature base and develops the effectiveness of supply chain management using the modern practices of information technology. This research also discusses various supply chain management strategies that require complex decision making form time to time and to deal with variety of situations and huge amount of data. The use of modern information technology becomes an indispensable tool for designing and managing complex supply chain systems. In present research the implementation of management information system has also been explored.
For local communication through Internet in the service for Good Governance in Local Decentralized regional: Case of the Highlands of Western Cameroon
Authors: Hubert Wembe Sop Diake , Marie Antoinette Dr Simonet
Published: February 2019

This article is part of the research theme: "Development of territories", examines the principles governing the actions of a local call over the Internet to the implementation of good governance in the highlands of West- Cameroon. The central approach is to demonstrate how the use of the Internet to the implementation of a local improves the perception and satisfaction of the population compared to the benefits of local managers. It also demonstrates that through local internet communication can be an important managerial tool promoting good governance in the CTD
RBAC+: Protecting Web Databases With Access Control Mechanism
Authors: Arudkar Archna , Jethani Vimla
Published: February 2019

With the wide adoption of Internet, security of web database is a key issue. In web-based applications, due to the use of n-tier architecture, the database server has no knowledge of the web application user and hence all authorization decisions are based upon execution of specific web application. Application server has full access privileges to delegate to the end user based upon the user requirement. The identity of the end user is hidden , subsequently database server fails to assign proper authorizations to the end user. Hence, current approaches to access control on databases do not fit for web databases because they are mostly based on individual user identities. To fill this security gap, the definition of application aware access control system is needed. In this paper, RBAC+ Model, an extension of NIST RBAC provides a application aware access control system to prevent attacks with the notion of application, application profile and sub-application session.
Innovation: Challenges & Perspectives
Authors: Schirone Dario A. , Torkan Germano
Published: February 2019

The 21st century territorial competition has become a contest between economic realities able to compete locally and globally. The proposal for innovative products and services seems to be the right way for companies who want to enter in this context as protagonists. This paper analyzes the data about a region of southern Italy, Apulia, trying to figure out what could be the importance of technological innovation on the performance of individual companies; the causes of the lack of innovation in Puglia and possible strategies to exit by this stage of impasse will be investigated.
CASH MANAGEMENT: GHANAIAN RURAL BANKS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Okyere-Kwakye Eugene , Amankwaa Twum , Anane Emmanuel
Published: February 2019

Rural banking is quiet prevalent in Africa perhaps Ghana. Current research shows that its existence has contributed immensely to the rural community development in the country, hence its description as the financial engine for a countrys growth. Knowing its relevance to the development of a country, and it not being a full fledge bank, there is the need to conduct an empirical study to examine its financial œmodus operandio specifically cash management mechanisms. Therefore the main objective of this paper is to investigate rural banks cash management policies in Ghana using float management techniques, collection techniques, disbursement control and investment of idle cash as its main variables. Questionnaire was used to collect data from one Rural Bank and SPSS was used to analyze the data. The study found that, the collections and disbursements activities of the rural banks do not create any float; that disbursements are always higher than collections; that the difference between collections and disbursements is very significant; that there is no relationship between collections and disbursement. The practical implication of the findings are discussed.
Application of the Artificial Neural Network to monitor the quality of treated water
Authors: Nourani Vahid , Rezapour Khanghah Tohid , Sayyadi Milad
Published: February 2019

Due to importance of the quality of treated water as a drastic parameter in peoples life and engineering problems, numerous experimental and semi-experimental models were recently used by water and environmental engineers in order to estimate the quality of water. Between the used models, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach as an advantageous black box model was showed great authority in engineering sciences in general and in water engineering in particular. In this study, an ANN-based method was utilized to model the quality of the potable water parameters. To evaluate the model, the water quality data sets of Zarrineh Rood water treatment plant before and after treatment were used. After the statistical analysis on the recorded daily data sets, they were divided into calibration and verification sub-sets. In this paper the measured heat, PH, opacity, total hardness, and the level of calcium before the treatment process were considered as input variables of the model and the quantity of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Electrical Conductivity (EC) after treatment were considered as output neurons of ANN. To have better interpretation about the model efficiency, the outcomes were compared with other classical and practical models and the results proved high merit of ANN in predicting the parameters of treated water.
The Psychological Contract: The Changing Nature of Employee-Employer Expectations
Authors: Bala Ms. Indu
Published: February 2019

The psychological contract describes a phenomenon that occurs largely in the minds of employers and employees . The term governs all the ideas and expectations that workers have about their jobs and includes beliefs about their roles and responsibilities as employees. One of the fundamental challenges for HR is to help management maintain the appropriate balance between the realities of the business model and the needs of our employees. Success comes when the balance exists and is understood ( Kevin Sullivan Former VP of HR).There is a great challenge for a business today- a basic shift in employment expectations both from the employee's and the company perspectives. Both the right person and the right job are being affected by changing values. This research paper tries to find out the expectations of employers and employees in the present era . A detailed overview of any organization has been undertaken. Various ways have been suggested to deal with situation and emotions when expectations are not being met.
Security for Watermark Image
Authors: Barbole Prof. Dr. K. N , Satav Prof. S.D.
Published: February 2019

This paper through security will improve the capacity of invisible watermarked data. The watermark image hiding secret bits of information with a digital content as a cover. Most important objectives of information hiding research are that secret information is embedding as much as possible without the perception of the carrier is affected. A hiding information algorithm of LSB bit based on high frequency domain in color image is proposed, which has high imperceptibility and high capacity of information hiding
Towards a context sensitive and secure routing for in MANETs (Mobile Ad-hoc Networks)
Authors: Rachid Haboub , Ouzzif Dr. Mohammed
Published: February 2019

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) can be deployed quickly without any existing infrastructure. These networks are useful in many areas, such as emergency assistance, disaster relief, intelligent systems houses, patient monitoring, industrial applications, health monitoring, environmental control, military applications, etc. However ad-hoc networks face many challenges, such as the unpredictable mobility of the network, the limited amount of energy available, security challenges, low computational resources, low memory, etc. There is a need for routing approaches aware of those challenges. Thus, this work aims to provide a secure and context aware ad-hoc network, by changing the frequency of data transmission and routing the packets through reliable links. The proposed approaches has been tested, the results shows an interesting decrease of the transmission throughput coming from malicious nodes, a decrease in the packet loss and an increase of the network lifetime.
The Effect of Competitive Intelligence in Product & Service Innovation Using A Need Pull Modell
Authors: Nemutanzhela Phathutshedzo
Published: February 2019

This paper discusses the findings of the study that was aimed at establishing the effect of Competitive Intelligence, hereafter referred to as CI, on product and service innovations. A literature study revealed that CI and innovation are widely studied subjects, but the impact of CI on innovation was not well documented. CI has been widely acclaimed as a panacea to a lot of organizational problems. The study aimed at the innovative aspect. A descriptive study using both qualitative and quantitative methods was done on five companies. The paper presents a literature study, the methodology used, the findings and the model that was proposed that showed the process of how CI affects innovative process. Conclusions of the study basing on the findings are presented
Analysis of retail marketing strategies on organizational competitiveness
Authors: Odera Odhiambo
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze retail marketing strategies on organizational competitiveness. The study attempted to examine the strategies that have been applied and adopted by the retail companies elsewhere in attempt to understand how retailing functions. A descriptive research design was employed in this study. The population was marketing executives in the selected bottling companies in Kenya. Primary data was collected using closed questionnaire. The data collected was organized and presented using descriptive statistics. Correlation analysis was also utilized for data analysis. Findings indicate that the most pursued retail marketing strategies were; marketing segmentation, product strategies, distribution, pricing, marketing relationship and promotions. The findings also suggest that bottling companies rely on combination of strategies as different market segments respond differently hence need for product-specific marketing strategy.