bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The race to disasters - is the international relief community ready for future disasters?
Authors: Peleg Kobi , Bodas Moran
Published: December 2024

Background

Climate-related disasters have tripled in the past 30 years. Between 2006 and 2016, the global sea levels rose 2.5 times faster than the entire 20th century. More than 20 million people a year are forced out of their homes because of climate change impacts. Rapid urbanization and increasing population density in coastal mega-metropolitan areas will inevitably lead to more large-scale disasters due to extreme weather events, i.e., stronger storms and massive flooding. Despite the inevitability of these events, disaster risk reduction is still locally based in each country, many of which have scarce resources to devote to the activity. It is widely assumed that the global community will respond when a calamity occurs. This perspective article explores the appropriateness of the current international relief and aid paradigm in light of near and middle-term trends in global disasters.

Main body

After briefly summarizing the anticipated effects of global climate change, population growth, and progressive urbanization in low-lying coastal and riverine environments on the frequency and scale of future disasters, this paper examines how existing concepts of international relief following disasters are insufficient to address the challenges to come. Current paradigms are tested against selected case studies demonstrating the growing frequency of mega-disasters. For example, in 2010, the world saw a catastrophic earthquake in Haiti, very large-scale floods in Pakistan, a major earthquake in Chile, and heat waves that resulted in the death of tens of thousands of people in Russia and many more in other countries. However, the world exhausted most of its humanitarian aid, responding to Haiti in January of that year. The review closes with a proposition for a new paradigm to re-organize international relief to meet the challenge posed by our rapidly changing world – one that is more adaptable to the current challenges of climate change and other trends that will almost certainly increase the frequency and intensity of disasters.

Conclusion

The future of international disaster aid depends on our ability to foster greater cooperation between the various organizations and donor countries and more seamless cooperation between both groups and the affected countries or regions. Planning and relief operations should utilize new technologies and innovative financing where feasible. A holistic approach that focuses on building large-scale agreements and coordination mechanisms, teaching citizens how to help each other until aid arrives, and strengthening resilience at the local level will equip communities for adaptive action during a disaster, improve coping and long-term rehabilitation, will lead to a more efficient, fairer and more durable global aid system.
Unlocking lung regeneration: insights into progenitor cell dynamics and metabolic control
Authors: Yang Jiaying , Li Yawen , Huang Ying , Chen Huaiyong , Sui Pengfei
Published: December 2024

Regenerative responses are particularly important in the lungs, which are critical for gas exchange and frequently challenged by environmental insults. The lung progenitor cells play a central role in the lung regeneration response, and their dysfunction is associated with various lung diseases. Understanding the mechanisms regulating lung progenitor cell function is essential for developing new therapeutic approaches to promote lung regeneration. This review summarizes recent advancements in the field of lung regeneration, focusing on the metabolic control of lung progenitor cell function. We discuss cell lineage plasticity and cell–cell signaling under different physiological conditions. Additionally, we highlight the connection between progenitor cell dysfunction and lung diseases, emphasizing the need to develop new therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine to improve lung regenerative capacity.
Acquiring complex concepts through classification versus observation
Authors: Corral Daniel , Carpenter Shana K.
Published: December 2024

We report six experiments that examine how two essential components of a category-learning paradigm, training and feedback, can be manipulated to maximize learning and transfer of real-world, complex concepts. Some subjects learned through classification and were asked to classify hypothetical experiment scenarios as either true or non-true experiments; others learned through observation, wherein these same scenarios were presented along with the corresponding category label. Additionally, some subjects were presented correct-answer feedback (the category label), whereas others were presented explanation feedback (the correct answer and a detailed explanation). For classification training, this feedback was presented after each classification judgment; for observation training this feedback was presented simultaneously with the hypothetical experiment. After the learning phase, subjects completed a posttest that included one task that involved classifying novel hypothetical scenarios and another task comprising multiple-choice questions about novel scenarios, in which subjects had to specify the issue with the scenario or indicate how it could be fixed. The posttest either occurred immediately after the learning phase (Experiments 1–2), 10 min later (Experiments 3–4), two days later (Experiment 5), or one week later (Experiment 6). Explanation feedback generally led to better learning and transfer than correct-answer feedback. However, although subjects showed clear evidence of learning and transfer, posttest performance did not differ between classification and observation training. Critically, various learning theories and principles (e.g., retrieval practice, generation, active learning) predict a classification advantage. Our results thus call into question the extent to which such theories and principles extend to the transfer of learning.
High-salt–fat diet: a risk factor for elevated blood pressure associated with dyslipidemia, perturbation in cardio-renal anti-oxidant and pro-inflammatory status in Wistar rats
Authors: Fadahunsi Olumide Samuel , Olorunnisola Olubukola Sinbad
Published: December 2024

Background

Fatty and salty diets are reported risk factors in the etiology of hypertension, renal and cardiac failure. Oxidative stress and inflammation are biochemical processes in the onset of most diseases. This study sought to evaluate the role of high-salt–fat diet (HS-HFD) on blood pressure (BP), cardio-renal function, redox and inflammatory status. Twelve male Wistar rats were divided into two groups and fed with normal chow and HS-HFD, respectively.

Results

After 12 weeks, HS-HFD-fed rats showed considerable weight reduction, elevated systolic and diastolic BP. Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were increased, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triacylglycerol levels were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the HS-HFD-fed animals. Angiotensin 1-converting enzyme was elevated in the HS-HFD rats, with no difference in nitric oxide between the two groups. Urea, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, bicarbonate and chloride levels were elevated in the HS-HFD-fed group, while potassium, sodium and magnesium were reduced. Creatine kinase activity was reduced in the heart of HS-HFD rats, with no difference in serum troponin. The kidney of HS-HFD rats showed increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) with reduced catalase and malondialdehyde (MDA). Heart SOD, catalase and MDA levels were similar in the two groups, with GPx, GST and GSH elevated in the control. Kidney tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increased in HS-HFD group, with no difference in the heart of the rats in the two groups. TGF-β decreased in the kidney and heart of the HS-HFD-fed rats.

Conclusions

HS-HFD elicited hypertension associated with perturbation in redox and pro-inflammatory status in the kidney and heart of the rats.
Exploiting susceptibility genes in rice: from molecular mechanism to application
Authors: Huang Zhicheng , Jiang Minxuan , Sun Liangpeng , Zhang Jialin , Jiang Cuiping , Lu Aozheng , Li Dayong , Nan Nan , Sun Wenxian
Published: December 2024

Rice commercial production is seriously threatened by various pathogens. Generally, the susceptibility (S) genes in plants are exploited by phytopathogens to promote infection. Dysfunction of S genes may result in recessively inheritable durable and broad-spectrum disease resistance. In this review, we summarize the latest research on S genes that encode proteins contributing to pathogen infection in rice. The S genes in rice are prospective targets of genome engineering to create resistance germplasms. However, the potential pleiotropic effects resulting from the deletion of S genes limit their application in resistance breeding. The newly developed CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing system offers a promising approach for developing transgene-free rice varieties with durable disease resistance.
Anatomy and histology of the olfactory organ of the javelin goby Synechogobius hasta (Gobiiformes, Gobiidae)
Authors: Kim Hyun-Tae
Published: December 2024

The olfactory organ of Synechogobius hasta was investigated with a focus on its environmental adaptation, using stereo microscopy and light microscopy. This research revealed the following anatomical and histological characteristics: (i) tubular anterior nostril, (ii) one longitudinal lamella, (iii) two accessory nasal sacs, (iv) lymphatic cells in the lower part of the sensory epithelium, (v) four to five villi of olfactory receptor neurons, (vi) abundant blood capillaries beneath the sensory epithelium, and (vii) rod-shaped erythrocytes. These findings hint that the olfactory organ of S. hasta has anatomical and histological adaptations to intertidal pools that undergo periodic hypoxia and increased temperature under stagnant water conditions due to the tidal cycle.
A comparative analysis of platelet-rich plasma alone versus combined with extracorporeal shockwave therapy in athletes with patellar tendinopathy and knee pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jhan Shun-Wun , Wu Kuan-Ting , Chou Wen-Yi , Chen Po-Cheng , Wang Ching-Jen , Huang Wen-Chiung , Cheng Jai-Hong
Published: December 2024

Background

Patellar tendinopathy, also known as jumper’s knee, can significantly impact the quality of daily life for patients due to the associated pain. A randomized controlled trial was investigated the clinical, sonographic, and serum cytokine markers in patellar tendinopathy of athletes following platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or PRP with extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) treatments. Our aims to investigate and compare therapeutic effects of PRP versus a combination of PRP with ESWT for treating patellar tendinopathy.

Methods

A total of 33 athletes with patellar tendinopathy were randomized into two groups. PRP + Sham (PS) group received intraarticular injection of autologous PRP (5 mL) once and sham ESWT. PRP + ESWT (PE) group received intraarticular injection of autologous PRP once and after 1 week ESWT (0.2 mJ/mm2 energy flux density, 1350 impulses, 4 Hz) once. All patients were followed up for 1 year.

Results

Autologous PRP injection and its combination with ESWT are both effective treatments for chronic patellar tendinopathy in athletes. PRP combined with ESWT resulted in faster reduction of knee pain than PRP alone at the 1-month follow-up. Serum IL-33 showed no significant difference at the 12-month follow-up. Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-15, and IL-17 increased at the 12-month follow-up, potentially due to the additional training. However, the athletes did not report any discomfort or injuries, and no abnormalities were detected by ultrasonography after study. We demonstrated improvements in pain and functional scores, as well as knee injury protection in athletes, following 12 months of PRP and PRP with ESWT treatments.

Conclusions

The study analyzed the therapeutic effect of PRP injection alone and combining PRP injection with ESWT for chronic patellar tendinopathy. Our results showed that combined treatment can facilitate the pain relief early than PRP alone and is a safety treatment modality. No adverse effect was noted in our study.

Trial registration Research registry and the registration number is researchregistry9518. Registered 14 September 2023. https://www.researchregistry.com/browse-the-registry#home/registrationdetails/650263e4f549fd00282a338c/. The level of evidence is level II.
Double trouble: how c-MET and HER2 fuel bladder cancer progression
Authors: Naguib E. M. , Ismail E. F. , Badran D. I. , Sherief M. H. , El-Abaseri T. B.
Published: December 2024

Background

Bladder cancer is still a prevalent, heterogeneous, and challenging disease. Most cases are non-muscle invasive and carry a significant risk of recurrence and progression despite current advances in therapeutic options.

Main

c-MET and HER2 belong to the receptor tyrosine kinase family, which has been intensively studied in cancer. Both receptors are upregulated in bladder cancer and have been connected to tumor development and progression by activating a variety of signaling pathways that control proliferation, migration, and metastasis. C-MET and HER2 are indicators of aggressive bladder cancer and possible therapeutic targets. This review will investigate the contributions of c-MET and HER2 in the genesis and progression of bladder cancer, the implications for therapy and ongoing research in this field.

Conclusion

Targeting c-MET and HER2 together, either as monotherapy or combined therapy, might become promising in managing aggressive bladder cancer.
A perspective on the genesis, diagnostics, and management of sickle cell disease
Authors: Hassan Md Samim , Nasrin Taslima , Mahalka Ajay , Hoque Mehboob , Ali Safdar
Published: December 2024

Background

Hemoglobinopathies, including sickle cell disease (SCD), have been recognized as a major health problem globally. SCD is caused by a mutation in the GAG codon that converts glutamate to valine, resulting in sickle hemoglobin (HbS) and various clinical symptoms.

Main body

An estimated 300,000 new-borns are diagnosed with SCD every year which makes it a very important clinical manifestation to study. The present review aims to comprehensively explore the pathophysiology, diagnostics, and management approaches for populations affected by sickle cell disease. Different genetic forms of SCDs are also mentioned in this review.

Short conclusion

HbS polymerization contributes to the overall pathophysiological process of SCD. Several treatment options are available, though the US Food and Drug Administration-approved low-toxicity medication hydroxyurea is commonly used to treat SCD complications. Besides, hemopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy are also two potential curative approaches. For SCD management, genetic counseling and neonatal screening at different stages play a crucial role.
Adherence to home-based exercise programs among stroke survivors and perspectives of informal caregivers: a mixed method study
Authors: Odetunde Marufat Oluyemisi , Olaoye Olumide Ayoola , Obajobi Olamilekan Adegbemiro , Yusuf Abdullah Akinlabi , Awotidebe Taofik Oluwole
Published: December 2024

Background

Assessing adherence to home exercise programs (HEPs) concurrently from stroke survivors (SSVs) and their caregivers may address the existing evidence of conflicting perceptions about adherence to HEPs. This study assessed factors affecting SSVs' adherence to HEPs and caregivers’ perspectives, with consideration of cultural beliefs about stroke.

Method

This was a mixed-method design involving a quantitative assessment of 66 SSVs and a qualitative assessment of eight caregivers on enablers of and barriers to HEP adherence. Quantitative data on adherence, and its correlates, were obtained with a validated self-report adherence scale and a 12-item validated questionnaire on factors influencing HEP adherence. Qualitative data were assessed using in-depth interviews (IDIs). Eligible SSVs and their caregivers were purposively selected for this study. Consenting SSVs were screened for cognitive impairment using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, and those who scored ≤ 2 were assessed for functional independence using the Barthel index (BI). Informal caregivers of SSVs with BI scores of 0–80 participated in the IDI. Socio-demographic data of respondents were also obtained. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at the alpha level of P < 0.05. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically using descriptive and interpretative strategies.

Results

The majority 43 (65.2%) of respondents who were SSVs were non-adherent to HEPs. Among the 23 adherent respondents, the majority were males 19 (82.6%), aged 40 to 59 years 14 (60.7%), had right hemiparesis 15 (65.2%), one co-morbidity 18 (78.3%), BI score ≥ 80 21 (91.3%), and self-employed 13 (56.5%). Of respondents with over 6 months’ post-stroke history, 22 (33.3%) had the highest adherence level. Gender, smoking status, and BI scores were significantly associated with adherence level (P < 0.05). There were significant negative correlations between adherence level and factors influencing adherence to HEPs (r ranged from − 0.65 to − 0.21; P < 0.05). Caregivers identified knowledge, treatment consistency, simplification and progression of HEPs, motivation/support, and spirituality as enablers to HEPs, while barriers were caregiver burden, absence of support/care, and health status of the SSV.

Conclusion

Adherence to HEPs among SSVs is poor and associated with gender, smoking status, BI score, and attitude of SSVs towards prescribed exercise. From the perspective of the caregivers, enablers of HEP adherence are knowledge, treatment consistency, HEP simplification and progression, motivation, support, and spirituality, while barriers were SSV’s health status, lack of morale, support, and caregivers’ burden.
Association Between Mixed Exposure to Dioxins and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Obesity Among US Adults
Authors: Gao Zhao-Xing , Zhang Peng , Xu Shu-Zhen , He Yi-Sheng , Hu Xiao , Ge Man , Xu Yi-Qing , He Tian , Wang Peng , Pan Hai-Feng
Published: December 2024

Context

Evidence of mixed effects of dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) on obesity is lacking.

Background

Previous studies have suggested the potential links between dioxins or DL-PCBs and obesity. However, the combined effects of dioxins and DL-PCBs on obesity are still unclear.

Methods

Nine kinds of dioxins and DL-PCBs were measured among 852 adults using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2003-2004. We conducted generalized linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to evaluate the association of these chemicals with obesity, and mediation analysis was performed to explore the mediating effect of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

Results

Dioxins and DL-PCBs were identified as risk factors for obesity according to logistic regression models. Both WQS and BKMR regression indicated that combined exposure to dioxins and DL-PCBs was linked to obesity, of which 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-hpcdd showed the greatest contributions. The results from mediation analyses suggested that the relationships of dioxins with obesity or obesity indices were mediated by HbA1c, with the proportion of mediation ranging from 5.21% to 9.04% and the beta estimates (95% CI) were 0.007 (0.002, 0.010), 0.007 (0.0005, 0.020), 0.380 (0.133, 0.800), 0.408 (0.132, 0.800).

Conclusion

Our findings revealed that mixed exposure to dioxins and DL-PCBs is positively correlated with obesity.
Age- and oxidative stress-induced centrosome amplification and renal stones in Drosophila Malpighian tubules
Authors: Na Hyun-Jin , Sung Mi-Jeong , Park Joung-Sun
Published: December 2024

Renal diseases, including cancer, are rapidly increasing worldwide, driven by rising temperatures and changing diets, especially among younger people. Renal stones, a major risk for chronic renal disease, are increasingly common due to various health issues. Research on the underlying mechanisms, drug discovery, and the effects of aging and stress is limited. We used Drosophila, due to its similarity to the human renal system and ease of use, to identify cancer hallmarks and renal stone formation related to aging and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that centrosome amplification and stone formation increase with age and oxidative stress, and high sucrose feeding also heightens stone formation in the renal system. Our results show a close relationship between these diseases and aging, reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress, and chronic diseases. We suggest that the Drosophila renal model could be a powerful tool to study the relationship between age and age-related diseases and to discovering new agents for nephropathy.
Exploring the anti-aging potential of natural products and plant extracts in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A review
Authors: Alugoju Phaniendra , Palanisamy Chella Perumal , Anthikapalli Naga Venkata Anusha , Jayaraman Selvaraj , Prasanskulab Anchalee , Chuchawankul Siriporn , Dyavaiah Madhu , Tencomnao Tewin
Published: December 2024

Historically, plant derived natural products and their crude extracts have been used to treat a wide range of ailments across the world. Biogerontology research aims to explore the molecular basis of aging and discover new anti-aging therapeutic compounds or formulations to combat the detrimental effects of aging and promote a healthy life span. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been, and continues to be, an indispensable model organism in the field of biomedical research for discovering the molecular basis of aging S. cerevisiae has preserved nutritional signaling pathways (such as the target of rapamycin (TOR)-Sch9 and the Ras-AC-PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase) pathways, and shows two distinct aging paradigms chronological life span (CLS) and replicative life span (RLS). This review explores the anti-aging properties of natural products, predominantly derived from plants, and phytoextracts using S. cerevisiae as a model organism.
Exploring α−ψ−ϕ contractive mapping: novel fixed point theorems in complete b-metric spaces
Authors: Raji Tamene , Ali Nasir , Qousini Maysoon , Hanchalu Gudeta , Tolasa Fikadu Tesgera , Seboka Berhanu
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the concept of α-ψ-ϕ  contractive mappings, contributing to the advancement of self-map extensions and fixed-point theorems within b-metric spaces. We introduce a new class of contractive mappings and demonstrate how they extend traditional contraction principles, offering a broader framework for analyzing fixed points in non-standard spaces. The main result of this study is a generalization of existing fixed-point theorems, supported by comprehensive corollaries, illustrative examples, and rigorous proofs. These findings provide deeper insights into the structure of b-metric spaces and open avenues for further applications in fields such as optimization and machine learning.
Case Report: Rare Bilateral Double Profunda Femoris Artery Variation: Clinical Implications and Considerations
Authors: Gaydhanker Prasanna , Vinod Soumya , Adeghate Ernest , Mohsin Sahar
Published: December 2024

Introduction The profunda femoris artery (PFA) is the largest branch of the femoral artery supplying the thigh. The study reports a rare occurrence of bilateral double profunda artery in a male cadaver, aiming to inform surgeons of such variations to avoid complications during surgical interventions. Methods This study was conducted during routine dissections using 5-10% formalin-fixed lower limbs of a male cadaver at the Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, UAE Results In the right lower limb, two profunda femoris artery (PFA) branches arise from the common femoral artery (CFA) 5 cm from the inguinal ligament, one laterally and one posteromedially. The medial (MCFA) and lateral circumflex (LCFA) arteries branch from these PFAs respectively. The femoral nerve is anterior to the lateral PFA and LCFA and lateral to the posteromedial PFA. The obturator nerve runs posterior to the posteromedial PFA. In the left lower limb, two PFAs originate from the CFA, 2.5 and 5 cm from the inguinal ligament, lateral and posterior to the CFA, respectively. The LCFA stems from the upper PFA, while the medial MCFA arises from the CFA. The femoral nerve lies anterior to both the PFA and LCFA. The obturator nerve is posterior to the MCFA. The femoral vein crosses over the MCFA and the lower posterior PFA, distal to the MCFA origin. Conclusion This report enriches understanding of PFA anatomy and its variations, emphasizing the importance of tailored surgical approaches to minimize risks and ensure procedure success.
Case Report: The Elephant in the Room: Skin Melanoma Unveiled by Gastric Metastasis
Authors: Tababi Ramzi , Khsiba Amal , Mahmoudi Moufida , Ben Mohamed Asma , Yakoubi Manel , Gharbi Ghada , Chaabane Abir , Chelbi Emna , Medhioub Mouna , Hamzaoui Mohamed Lamine
Published: December 2024

Abstract Background Gastric metastasis from melanoma is rare and often presents as an unexpected finding, rarely revealing an underlying primary skin melanoma. Case presentation We report a case of a 62-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain, dyspepsia, anorexia, and weight loss. On physical examination abdominal masses and hepatomegaly were detected. Radiological imaging showed widespread masses in the abdominal and thoracic regions. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy identified an umbilicated protruded lesion with central dark pigmentation at the antro-fundic junction. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining were consistent with melanoma. A subsequent rigorous skin examination uncovered a primary malignant skin melanoma. Due to worsening general condition, the patient received palliative hospice care. Conclusion This report highlights the critical need for vigilant skin examination when encountering gastric lesions with dark pigmentation, which led to the identification of initially undetected cutaneous melanoma.
Hybrid prediction models for assessing the Higher Education Institutions Performance in QS World Institution Rankings
Authors: Basireddy Chandana Sri , Cheruku Vishwanth Kumar Goud , B Prabadevi , Rajagopal Sivakumar , Soangra Rahul
Published: December 2024

Background Quality Education is one of the primary requirements for the best survival. Pursuing higher education in a highly reputed institutions makes much difference in shaping the career of the individual. As many ranking and accreditation boards for higher education institutions like NAAC is prevalent, World ranking distinguishes institution reputation globally. The QS World University Ranking is a vital gauge for learners, educators, and institutions all over the world, allowing them to analyze and compare the quality and reputation of higher education. Predicting these rankings is difficult due to data availability concerns and QS’s frequent methodology revisions. Subjectivity and narrow criteria in rankings hamper the assessment of university greatness even more. Machine learning, data scraping, model adaptability, algorithm reversal, and short-term predictions are some existing ways of dealing with these difficulties. In this research, a prediction model for assessing institution performance in the QS World institution Rankings is designed using hybrid machine learning algorithms and optimization techniques. Two algorithms surpass others in forecasting ranks, according to the analysis. These hybrid models improves prediction accuracy of QS world rankings by integrating data analysis with model optimization using particle swarm optimization and Tabu search method.
Distribution of CYP2D6 multiplication, CYP2D6*5, and clinical implications in postoperative patients receiving tramadol analgesia in the Minangkabau ethnic group, Indonesia
Authors: Effendi Rinal , Rizqia Haz Aufa , Muhammad Fuad Asrul , Dermawan Bagus , Utami Nuruliawaty , Desriani .
Published: December 2024

Background Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is an important enzyme that metabolizes commonly used drugs, such as tramadol hydrochloride (a widely used opioid analgesic). Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6 have been shown to influence the pharmacodynamic properties of administered drugs. This study aimed to screen 63 postoperative patients (wild-type, CYP2D6*5, and CYP2D6 multiplication) of Minangkabau ethnicity in West Sumatera, Indonesia, who received tramadol using a modified long PCR method, and to investigate the clinical impact of tramadol on these patients. This study had a retrospective clinical trial registry number NCT06642480. Methods The Reported Long PCR was modified using different DNA polymerases, optimizing annealing, and the number of step PCR to detect wild-type, CYP2D6*5, and multiplication CYP2D6. To ensure accurate PCR, the size of the PCR product was monitored: wild-type (5kb), CYP2D6*5 (6kb), and CYP2D6 multiplication genotype (10 kb). The wild-type PCR product was used as the internal control. The method was applied to screen 63 postoperative patients of Minangkabau ethnicity who received tramadol. The clinical impact was investigated and analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a chi-square test. Result The Long PCR was successfully modified with a two-step PCR at 68°C °C as the annealing and extension temperatures. The screened genotype patients were dominated by the wild-type, followed by CYP2D6*5, and multiplication CYP2D6 with percentages of 89%, 6,3%, and 4,7% respectively. A total of 6.3% of CYP2D6*5 cases were classified as heterozygous and predicted as intermediate metabolizers. In addition, sex and age did not affect postoperative tramadol analgesia treatment, whereas weight had a significant impact (p=0.008). Conclusion The percentages of CYP2D6*5 and CYP2D6 multiplication genotypes were similar to those observed in another Asian population. Based on statistical analysis, tramadol was effective as an analgesic treatment for postoperative Minangkabau ethnicity patients with wild-type, CYP2D6*5, and multiple CYP2D6 genotypes. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are required to confirm these findings.
Ensinar/aprender português para fins académicos no contexto eslavo – recursos produzidos no âmbito do projeto Línguas românicas para estudantes universitários de língua eslava (LMOOC4Slav)
Authors: Czopek Natalia
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho, de caráter descritivo, foi realizado com o intuito de apresentar ao público-alvo polaco os recursos produzidos no âmbito do projeto Línguas românicas para estudantes universitários de língua eslava (LMOOC4Slav), relacionados com o ensino e a aprendizagem do português para fins académicos. As questões abordadas incluem a ideia geral e os objetivos do projeto, as suas etapas de realização, a metodologia aplicada e os resultados obtidos, havendo ainda informação sobre as instituições parceiras no projeto e o público-alvo. Deste modo, pretende-se divulgar o LMOOC4Slav não só na Polónia, mas também nos outros países eslavos, contribuindo tanto para o sucesso académico e a integração dos alunos em mobilidade académica como para o sucesso didático dos seus professores, equipando-os com ferramentas adequadas para facilitar contactos e troca de ideias dentro da rede dos profissionais de ensino de línguas estrangeiras e incentivando a investigação científica sobre as duas línguas românicas.
Have Your Cake and Eat It Too? Understanding Leisure-Work Synergizing and Its Impact on Employee Thriving
Authors: Zipay Kate P. , Rodell Jessica
Published: December 2024

As the world of work continues to evolve, employees are increasingly seeking to do more than manage the bifurcated domains of work and home. Instead, amid greater demands at work alongside greater valuation of leisure, employees are striving to thrive at work without sacrificing their free time. To explore this tension, we adopt an agentic, blended, and future-oriented perspective of the work-nonwork interface and examine leisure-work synergizing as a unique practice for employees to find synergies between leisure and work. Drawing on foundational theorizing on workplace thriving, we theorize that strategically integrating work into leisure activities in an attempt to build work-relevant competencies can inspire (via self-assurance) and hinder (via fatigue) employee thriving at work. To test these predictions, we first conducted a series of validation studies to demonstrate the conceptual relationship among leisure-work synergizing and other work and nonwork constructs. Then, using an experience sampling design, we generally found support for the bolstering effects of leisure-work synergizing on thriving through self-assurance. Moreover, segmentation preference—a theoretical moderator related to this unique boundary blurring practice—significantly influenced the proposed relationship between leisure-work synergizing and fatigue. Taken together, our research expands our understanding of the work-nonwork interface and the utility of leisure activities for working adults, integrates work-nonwork research with positive psychology to reveal nonwork agents of thriving, and highlights a novel blended practice to help scholars and managers better understand how employees can “have their cake and eat it too.”

Funding: This work was supported by Terry College of Business at the University of Georgia.
Location Matters: Everyday Gender Discrimination in Remote and On-site Work
Authors: Doering Laura , Tilcsik András
Published: December 2024

Remote work has dramatically transformed professional environments, sparking considerable scholarly interest in its impact on employees and organizations. Contributing to this burgeoning literature, we investigate how remote versus on-site work affects women’s experiences of gender discrimination. Given that work location can alter the gendered nature of interactions, we focus on everyday gender discrimination: slights and offenses that occur in interactions and are perceived by recipients as reflecting gender bias. Integrating gender frame theory and scholarship on virtual work, we argue that the gender frame tends to be less salient in remote settings. Thus, we predict that women experience less everyday gender discrimination when working remotely than on-site. Moreover, because the gender frame is likely to be more salient during on-site work for younger women and those who work with mostly men, we expect that these women experience a particularly pronounced reduction in everyday gender discrimination when working remotely. To test these predictions, we developed a new measure of everyday gender discrimination and conducted an original survey of 1,091 professional women who work in the same job both remotely and on-site. We find that women consistently report less everyday gender discrimination in remote versus on-site work. This effect is particularly pronounced for younger women and those who interact mainly with men. Overall, this study advances research on how work location shapes workers’ outcomes and experiences, enriches the literature on the trade-offs women face in virtual and on-site settings, and extends scholarship on the contextual factors shaping workplace discrimination.

Funding: This work was supported by Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada [Grant 435-2020-0059], the Canada Research Chairs Program, and the Institute for Pandemics and the Institute for Gender and the Economy at the University of Toronto.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.16949 .
Passion Penalizes Women and Advantages (Unexceptional) Men in High-Potential Designations
Authors: He Joyce C. , Jachimowicz Jon M. , Moore Celia
Published: December 2024

High-potential programs offer a swift path up the corporate ladder for those who secure a place on them. However, the evaluation of “potential” occurs under considerable uncertainty, creating fertile ground for gender bias. We document that men are more likely than women to be designated as high potential, and unpack how gendered responses to employees’ expressions of passion—one of the most commonly used criteria used in evaluating potential—both penalize women and advantage men in high-potential selection processes. First, and based on prior research on gender display rules, we suggest that expressions of passion are viewed as a less appropriate emotional display for women than men, giving rise to a female penalty. Second, and drawing on shifting standards theorizing, we posit that expressions of passion shift evaluators’ predictions of candidates’ diligence more meaningfully for men than women, creating a male advantage—particularly for men who are reasonably high but not exceptional performers. We provide supporting evidence across two studies examining placement into high-potential programs in a real talent review setting (N = 796) and a preregistered experiment that uses videos featuring trained actors (N = 1,366), supported by two supplementary studies (N = 1,590). Taken together, this work sheds light on the ways the increasing emphasis on passion in contemporary workplaces may exacerbate gender inequalities. Progressing our understanding of gender bias beyond gendered reactions to criteria that penalize women (i.e., backlash), our work also unveils a novel and particularly pernicious form of gender bias driven by gendered inferences about passion that advantage men.

Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2023.18018 .
Divisa: notas de uma relação com esta faixa territorial de fronteira-limite
Authors: Alves Lindomberto Ferreira
Published: December 2024

Esta entrevista reúne alguns registros das interlocuções com a artista Rubiane Maia, realizadas nos dias 23 e 29 de março, 12 de abril e 26 de julho de 2022. Tais registros condensam o amplo espectro de questões mobilizadas no âmbito dos processos de instauração da instalação online DIVISA (2022).
Fissuras presentes, imagens de um tempo suspenso
Authors: Diniz Auana Lameiras
Published: December 2024

Exponho aqui uma montagem verbo-visual, composta a partir de leituras de imagem, relatos e recriações com a obra Tempo suspenso de um estado provisório (2011-15), de Marcelo Cidade. A proposta é um recorte da pesquisa realizada no Museu de Arte de São Paulo, com referência em metodologias da Pesquisa Educacional Baseada em Artes.
Suas escolhas de pesquisa te movem a criar? Notas sobre a Arte como área de conhecimento e campo de investigação.
Authors: Alves Daniele de Sá
Published: December 2024

Este texto percorre caminhos, ferramentas e abordagens para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas em artes visuais. Reflete sobre os atravessamentos entre os processos de pesquisar, ensinar, aprender e também de criar no campo da Arte. Dentre possibilidades, o foco é o estudo da A/r/tografia como uma Metodologia de Pesquisa Educacional em Artes.
Levantes: política das imagens em Georges Didi-Huberman
Authors: Imparato Marcella Nicoli Sousa
Published: December 2024

O artigo aborda o pensamento teórico e curatorial de Georges Didi-Huberman, a partir do catálogo da exposição Levantes, observando como o filósofo compreende politicamente noções como páthos, desejo, imaginação e montagem, enfatizando o caráter imagético da política, assim como a política das imagens.
O silencio na obra literária de Juan Rulfo.
Authors: Coelho Gustavo , Rebolledo César
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho analisa o manejo do silêncio na obra do romancista mexicano Juan Rulfo, para abordar uma certa tradição das ideias filosóficas de imanência e contingência nos campos da literatura e da psicanálise. A ideia de ausência “nos fala” de maneira paradoxal sobre a presença do silêncio, uma espécie de falta condicionante do próprio falar.
Risco de transtorno alimentar e preocupações com a imagem corporal em mulheres com deficiência visual
Authors: Portugal Mariana Ribeiro Costa , Almeida Fontes da Silva Sarah Emanuelle , Duppre de Abreu Julia
Published: December 2024

Indivíduos com deficiência visual podem ter dificuldades para perceber seus corpos e acabar desenvolvendo questões em relação a imagem corporal e perturbações no comportamento alimentar. O objetivo principal deste trabalho original foi avaliar a presença da (in)satisfação com a imagem corporal e a presença de comportamentos de risco para transtornos alimentares (TA) em mulheres com deficiência visual. Foram aplicados o Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) e Eating Attitudes Test 26 (EAT-26), além da determinação do estado nutricional e coleta de informações sobre exercícios físicos, autonomia na aquisição de insumos e preparo de refeições e uso de mídias sociais. Participaram da pesquisa 37 mulheres com deficiência visual e média de idade de 41,4 ± 13,9 anos. Foi observado que 78,3% têm excesso de peso, 23,3% das participantes apresentaram algum grau de insatisfação com a imagem corporal e 45,9% apresentaram comportamentos de risco para TA. Metade das mulheres com baixa visão apresentou comportamentos de risco para TA e uma pontuação média no EAT-26 de 23,1 ± 14,4. No grupo com cegueira total, associações diretas foram observadas entre o EAT-26 e BCQ (r=0,542; p=0,013)e BSQ e BCQ (r=0,738; p<0,001); e no grupo com baixa visão, associações diretas entre EAT-26 e BSQ (r=0,581; p=0,018), EAT-26 e BCQ (r=0,643; p=0,007) e BSQ e BCQ (r=0,568; p=0,002). A presença de comportamentos de risco para transtornos alimentares e baixa insatisfação corporal foi identificada entre as mulheres com deficiência visual. Há necessidade de mais estudos que possam ampliar o conhecimento sobre o tema nessa população.
SISTEMAS DE ESPAÇOS PÚBLICOS NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO: UMA PROPOSIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA
Authors: Felix de Souza Andre
Published: December 2024

No presente artigo, propomos uma reflexão teórica e empírica acerca dos sistemas de espaços públicos, à luz de um ponto de vista eminentemente geográfico. Ao adaptarmos alguns conceitos da Teoria dos Lugares Centrais para o estudo dos espaços públicos, pretendemos demonstrar ao leitor a existência de diferentes sistemas de espaços públicos na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, que são ordenados segundo um padrão espacial e funcional hierárquico, em cuja distribuição da publicidade é geograficamente heterogênea. Para tal, em nosso estudo de caso empírico, aplicamos cerca de 655 questionários com os frequentadores das três maiores praças do bairro da Tijuca, um tradicional bairro residencial localizado na Zona Norte da cidade.
Evaluación y gestión del riesgo de incendios forestales
Authors: Fernandes Ribeiro de Oliveira Víncler , Dos Santos da Silva Edson , Pereira Vick Erivelton , Machado da Silva Bruno Henrique , Ayumi de Souza Amede Sato Amanda , Matheus Bacani Vitor , Da Rocha Lima Cesar Gustavo , Silva Aguinaldo , Salinas Chavez Eduardo
Published: December 2024

Los incendios forestales causan numerosos cambios ambientales, como la reducción de la biodiversidad, la pérdida de los suelos, pérdida de la vegetación y consecuentemente el aumento de la deforestación. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal evaluar el riesgo de incendios forestales, en la región del cerrado brasileño que presenta una fuerte expansión de la silvicultura, utilizando Sistemas de Información Geográfica. Para ello, se utilizan ocho variables ambientales y socioculturales para identificar las áreas más vulnerables a los incendios forestales, que son: área edificada (Ac); pendiente (D); hidrografía (Hi); hotspot (Ho); orientación de la pendiente (Ov); precipitación (P); proximidad a la red vial (Prv) y uso y cobertura del suelo (U). Los resultados muestran el predominio del riesgo medio de incendio, con el 72,30% del área total del municipio. El riesgo de incendio bajo representa poco más del 22%, mientras que el riesgo alto abarca solo el 4,89% del municipio. Lo que evidencia que el municipio presenta riesgos de incendio que pueden manejarse mediante su cartografía. Ya que existe un mayor riesgo en los meses de junio, julio y especialmente agosto y septiembre, lo que requiere especial atención por la baja precipitación y el aumento de la concentración media de los hotspots.
A IGREJA BATISTA DA LAGOINHA E SUAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE EXPANSÃO NO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Casanova Kimmemgs Pamela , Machado Mônica
Published: December 2024

Este artigo procura apresentar e discutir a atuação e expansão territorial da Igreja Batista da Lagoinha (IBL) no Rio de Janeiro, denominação pentecostal originada em Minas Gerais, em 1957. Em 2013, implantou seu primeiro templo no  Rio e passou a se difundir pelo território brasileiro. Sua estratégia de expansão territorial abrange tanto a implantação de imponentes templos sede, esteticamente modernos, como também pela simples prática da nucleação, ou seja, pela organização de grupos de pregação em  diversos territórios, denominada pela Igreja como Grupos de Crescimento (GCs). Abrange, igualmente, a utilização intensiva de redes sociais e plataformas digitais, sempre associada às formas espaciais implantadas pela IBL. Com relação à estratégia locacional, observa-se que a IBL tem priorizado áreas mais valorizadas, sobretudo, para a instalação dos templos sede. Em  geral, estão situados em principais vias de circulação, com infraestrutura e comércio. Além das atividades religiosas, a Igreja realiza inúmeras ações assistencialistas, que incluem toda a comunidade religiosa e criam laços de pertencimento. Do ponto de vista metodológico, este estudo foi elaborado a partir dados do Censo Demográfico do IBGE, do site da IBL e de pesquisas de campo realizadas nas igrejas da Barra da Tijuca, Leblon e Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. Organizado em três partes, este artigo inicia apresentando algumas considerações sobre o crescimento evangélico brasileiro a partir da década de 1970, com intuito de  situar a IBL nesse contexto. Será detalhado o surgimento e a expansão da IBL no Rio de Janeiro. Por fim, suas atuais estratégias de difusão serão exploradas.
Experimentações da Escrita: declaração de amor a um pensamento
Authors: Dos Santos Baptista Luis Antônio
Published: December 2024

O artigo, inspirado na contribuição acadêmica da pesquisadora Heliana de Barros Conde, discorre sobre a experimentação de uma aposta estética e ética da escrita afirmada como experiência. Quatro cenas compõem o artigo. São fragmentos, à semelhança da arte cinematográfica e literária, que almejam, como efeitos de uma implosão, por à prova a compacidade da autoria, da emoção que diz eu. Cenas-fragmentos fundamentadas no fragmentar destrutivo proposto por Walter Benjamin e Didi-Huberman, para abrir passagens, criar encruzilhadas ao pensamento, desalojar autorias, produzir vazios para que algo aconteça no asfixiante mundo do protagonismo do eu, onde, segundo Maurice Blanchot, a agonística transtornante da porosidade inexiste. Destruição da montagem no cinema e na literatura, na qual, imagens livram-se do aprisionamento da representação, escapam do símbolo costumeiro, da banalidade do senso comum. O artigo no uso do conceito de dessubjetivação em Michel Foucault, ressalta o legado de Heliana Conde, não como herança relevante de uma pesquisadora, mas como projeto de uma experiência impessoal onde a coragem do pensamento se afirma. À luz da apropriação da escritora Maria Gabriela Llansol do conceito de amor em Gilles Deleuze, o artigo a desindividualiza, transtorna a visibilidade dos contornos do seu corpo, apresentando-a como um insurgente ato de pensar.