bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antihyperglycemic, Antidiabetic, and Antioxidant Effects of Garcinia pedunculata in Rats
Authors: Ali Md. Yousuf , Paul Sudip , Tanvir E. M. , Hossen Md. Sakib , Rumpa Nur-E Noushin , Saha Moumoni , Bhoumik Nikhil Chandra , Aminul Islam Md. , Hossain Md. Sabir , Alam Nadia , Gan Siew Hua , Khalil Md. Ibrahim
Published: October 2017

The antihyperglycemic, antidiabetic, and antioxidant potentials of the methanolic extract of Garcinia pedunculata (GP) fruit in rats were investigated. The acute antihyperglycemic effect of different doses of GP was studied in normal male Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection in another cohort of male Wistar rats and they showed significantly higher blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, altered lipid profiles, and lower insulin levels compared to nondiabetic control animals. There were increased lipid peroxidation and reduced levels of cellular antioxidant enzymes in different tissues of diabetic rats. However, oral administration of GP extracts, especially the highest dose (1000 mg/kg), significantly ameliorated hyperglycemia (42%); elevated insulin levels (165%); decreased HbA1c (29.4%); restored lipid levels (reduction in TG by 25%, TC by 15%, and LDL‐C by 75% and increase in HDL‐C by 4%), liver and renal function markers, and lipid peroxidation (reduction by 52% in the liver, 39% in the kidney, 44% in the heart, and 46% in the pancreas); and stimulated tissue antioxidant enzymes to near normalcy. Overall, the findings suggest that GP fruit is effective against hyperglycemia and could be used in the treatment of diabetes and its complications and other oxidative stress‐mediated pathological conditions.
Superfast Set, Strong and Less Degradable Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cement
Authors: Alqedairi Abdullah , Muñoz-Viveros Carlos A. , Pantera Eugene A. , Campillo-Funollet Marc , Alfawaz Hussam , Abou Neel Ensanya Ali , Abuhaimed Tariq S.
Published: October 2017

Purpose. Despite the good sealing ability and biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), its slow setting, high degradation, and weakness limit its use in surgical endodontics and high stress-bearing areas. This study aimed to develop two new liquids to control these drawbacks. They were prepared from calcium chloride, fumed silica, and hydroxyapatite or calcium phosphate and coded “H” and “P,” respectively. Methods. Portland cement, Grey ProRoot® MTA, and white ProRoot MTA were mixed with distilled water (control) or liquid “H” or “P.” The pH, setting time, degradation rate, leachant/precipitate’ composition, compressive strength, and morphology were assessed. Results. Both liquids maintained MTA’s high alkalinity and reduced the setting time by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Both liquids, H in particular, significantly reduced the degradation rate of Grey ProRoot and White ProRoot MTA®. Calcite has been identified as the main phase of the leachant or precipitate formed during the cement’s degradation. Calcium hydroxide or hydroxyapatite was also identified with Grey ProRoot MTA mixed with H liquid. These liquids also significantly increased the compressive strength with no statistical differences between them; this was associated with the production of dense, consolidated structures. Conclusions. The modified MTA could be used in surgical endodontics and high stress-bearing areas.
A Collaborative Approach for Monitoring Nodes Behavior during Spectrum Sensing to Mitigate Multiple Attacks in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Khasawneh Mahmoud , Agarwal Anjali
Published: October 2017

Spectrum sensing is the first step to overcome the spectrum scarcity problem in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) wherein all unutilized subbands in the radio environment are explored for better spectrum utilization. Adversary nodes can threaten these spectrum sensing results by launching passive and active attacks that prevent legitimate nodes from using the spectrum efficiently. Securing the spectrum sensing process has become an important issue in CRNs in order to ensure reliable and secure spectrum sensing and fair management of resources. In this paper, a novel collaborative approach during spectrum sensing process is proposed. It monitors the behavior of sensing nodes and identifies the malicious and misbehaving sensing nodes. The proposed approach measures the node’s sensing reliability using a value called belief level. All the sensing nodes are grouped into a specific number of clusters. In each cluster, a sensing node is selected as a cluster head that is responsible for collecting sensing-reputation reports from different cognitive nodes about each node in the same cluster. The cluster head analyzes information to monitor and judge the nodes’ behavior. By simulating the proposed approach, we showed its importance and its efficiency for achieving better spectrum security by mitigating multiple passive and active attacks.
Highly Sensitive Reentrant Cavity-Microstrip Patch Antenna Integrated Wireless Passive Pressure Sensor for High Temperature Applications
Authors: Lu Fei , Guo Yanjie , Tan Qiulin , Wei Tanyong , Wu Guozhu , Wang Haixing , Zhang Lei , Guo Xiaowei , Xiong Jijun
Published: October 2017

A novel reentrant cavity-microstrip patch antenna integrated wireless passive pressure sensor was proposed in this paper for high temperature applications. The reentrant cavity was analyzed from aspects of distributed model and equivalent lumped circuit model, on the basis of which an optimal sensor structure integrated with a rectangular microstrip patch antenna was proposed to better transmit/receive wireless signals. In this paper, the proposed sensor was fabricated with high temperature resistant alumina ceramic and silver metalization with weld sealing, and it was measured in a hermetic metal tank with nitrogen pressure loading. It was verified that the sensor was highly sensitive, keeping stable performance up to 300 kPa with an average sensitivity of 981.8 kHz/kPa at temperature 25°C, while, for high temperature measurement, the sensor can operate properly under pressure of 60–120 kPa in the temperature range of 25–300°C with maximum pressure sensitivity of 179.2 kHz/kPa. In practical application, the proposed sensor is used in a method called table lookup with a maximum error of 5.78%.
Semianalytical Solution and Parameters Sensitivity Analysis of Shallow Shield Tunneling-Induced Ground Settlement
Authors: Liu Jifeng , Zhang Huizhi
Published: October 2017

The influence of boundary soil properties on tunneling-induced ground settlement is generally not considered in current analytic solutions, and the hypothesis of equal initial stress in vertical and horizontal makes the application of the above solutions limited. Based on the homogeneous half-plane hypothesis, by defining the boundary condition according to the ground loss pattern in shallow tunnel, and with the use of Mohr-Coulomb plastic yielding criteria and classic Lame and Kiersch elastic equations by separating the nonuniform stress field to uniform and single-direction stress field, a semiempirical solution for ground settlement induced by single shallow circular tunnel is presented and sensitivity to the ground parameters is analyzed. The methods of settlement control are offered by influence factors analysis of semiempirical solution. A case study in Beijing Metro tunnel shows that the semiempirical solution agrees well with the in situ measured results.
Cryoablation of Primary Breast Cancer in Patients with Metastatic Disease: Considerations Arising from a Single-Centre Data Analysis
Authors: Pusceddu Claudio , Melis Luca , Ballicu Nicola , Meloni Paolo , Sanna Valeria , Porcu Alberto , Fancellu Alessandro
Published: October 2017

Background.Patients presenting with stage IV breast cancer might benefit by removal of the primary tumor. We report our experience with CT-guided cryoablation of the primary tumor, with the aim of evaluating its role in this subgroup of patients.Patients and Methods.Data of 35 patients with mean age of 58 years with breast cancer at stage IV submitted to CT-guided cryoablation of the primary tumor between 2010 and 2016 were prospectively evaluated. All patients, except three, were preoperatively and postoperatively evaluated with breast MRI to assess the extent of tumor necrosis. Retreatment was performed in case of incomplete ablation.Results.Mean tumor size was 3.02 ± 1.4 cm. Six patients had multicentric disease. Complete tumor necrosis was 85.7% and 100% at 2-month and 6-month follow-up, respectively, as 5 patients with tumors > 3 cm required a redo cryoablation. No patient developed major complications. Minor side effects occurred in 30 patients (82%). All patients were discharged the same day of the procedure. During a mean follow-up of 46 months (range 3–84), 7 patients (20%) experienced local recurrences that were treated with redo cryoablation, and 7 (20%) died for disease progression.Conclusions.Our results suggest that cryoablation of the primary tumor is safe and effective in the treatment of patients presenting with stage IV breast cancer.
A Fast Newton‐Shamanskii Iteration for a Matrix Equation Arising from M/G/1‐Type Markov Chains
Authors: Guo Pei-Chang
Published: October 2017

For the nonlinear matrix equations arising in the analysis of M/G/1‐type and GI/M/1‐type Markov chains, the minimal nonnegative solution G or R can be found by Newton‐like methods. We prove monotone convergence results for the Newton‐Shamanskii iteration for this class of equations. Starting with zero initial guess or some other suitable initial guess, the Newton‐Shamanskii iteration provides a monotonically increasing sequence of nonnegative matrices converging to the minimal nonnegative solution. A Schur decomposition method is used to accelerate the Newton‐Shamanskii iteration. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the Newton‐Shamanskii iteration.
Genesis of the Zhijiadi Ag-Pb-Zn Deposit, Central North China Craton: Constraints from Fluid Inclusions and Stable Isotope Data
Authors: Liu Tao , Xiong Suo-Fei , Jiang Shao-Yong , Li Hua-Liang , Chen Qi-Zhi , Jiang Hai
Published: October 2017

The Zhijiadi Ag-Pb-Zn deposit is located in the central North China Craton. Fluid inclusions (FIs) studies indicate three types of FIs, including aqueous, aqueous-carbonic, and daughter mineral-bearing multiphase inclusions. The daughter minerals in FIs are mainly composed of marcasite, chalcopyrite, calcite, and dolomite. Microthermometric data show that the homogenization temperature and salinity of FIs decrease gradually from early to late stages. Homogenization temperatures from early to main to late stages span from 244 to 334°C, from 164 to 298°C, and from 111 to 174°C, respectively, while their salinities are 4.0–9.9 wt.% NaCl equiv., 0.5–12.7 wt.% NaCl equiv., and 0.2–8.8 wt.% NaCl equiv., respectively. Trapping pressures drop from 203–299 MPa (the early stage) to 32–158 MPa (the main stage). The dropping of pressure and temperature and mixing and/or dilution of ore-forming fluids result in the formation of ore deposit. Combined with C-O-S-Pb isotopic compositions, the initial ore-forming fluids and materials were likely derived from a magmatic system. As a whole, we proposed that this deposit belongs to medium-low temperature hydrothermal deposit related to volcanic and subvolcanic magmatism strictly controlled by the fault zones.
Developmental Testicular Expression, Cloning, and Characterization of Rat HDAC6 In Silico
Authors: Verma Pratibha , Shetty Omshree , Parab Sweta , Menezes Karen , Parte Priyanka
Published: October 2017

We had previously reported presence of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in sperm and demonstrated its tubulin deacetylase activity and role in sperm motility in rat. In the present study we report its abundant expression in testis, epididymis, accessory sex organs, brain, and adrenal. In the testis, HDAC6 transcript and protein were observed throughout development. We therefore cloned the gene from rat testis using primers for hdac6 (accession number XM_228753.8) in order to determine the role of acetylation/deacetylation in spermatogenesis. The cloned rat hdac6 gene is ~3.5 kb with 28 exons and 1152 amino acids. We noted 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on exons 2 (G/A), 5 (A/G), 7 (T/C), and 26 (G/T), respectively, in this sequence when compared to XM_228753.8. These were further validated at both cDNA and gene level. These SNPs resulted in 2 amino acids changes, namely, glycine → arginine and valine → phenylalanine at protein level. Cloned hdac6 overexpressed in HEK293T cells demonstrated significant overexpression by IIF. Alpha-tubulin acetylation analysis of the overexpressed cell lysate demonstrated that the protein was bioactive. This is the first study showing the ontogenic expression in the testis and reporting experimentally validated sequence of rat HDAC6 and its structural and functional annotation in silico. This sequence has been submitted to GenBank (Accession number Rattus KY009929.1).
Associations between 18F-FDG-PET, DWI, and DCE Parameters in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Depend on Tumor Grading
Authors: Leifels Leonard , Purz Sandra , Stumpp Patrick , Schob Stefan , Meyer Hans Jonas , Kahn Thomas , Sabri Osama , Surov Alexey
Published: October 2017

Our purpose was to analyze associations between positron emission tomography (PET), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The study involved 34 patients (9 women, 25 men, mean age: 56.7±10.2 years). In all patients a simultaneous 18F-FDG-PET/MR was performed. DWI was obtained by using of an axial EPI sequence. Minimal ADC values (ADCmin), mean ADC values (ADCmean), and maximal ADC values (ADCmax) were estimated. DCE MRI was performed by using dynamic T1w DCE sequence. The following parameters were estimated: Ktrans, Ve, and Kep. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze associations between investigated parameters. In overall sample, ADCmean correlated significantly with Ve and Ktrans, ADCmin correlated with Ve, and ADCmax correlated with Ktrans and Ve. SUVmean tended to correlate slightly with Ktrans. In G1/2 tumors, only Ktrans correlated well with ADCmax and SUVmean. In G3 tumors, Ktrans correlated well with Kep and Ve. Ve showed significant correlations with ADCmean and ADCmax. Ktrans correlated with ADCmax. Kep was higher in cancers with N2/3 stages. Tumor metabolism, water diffusion, and tumor perfusion have complex relationships in HNSCC. Furthermore, these associations depend on tumor grading. Kep may predict lymphonodal metastasizing.
The Tenability of Vibration Parameters of a Sandwich Beam Featuring Controllable Core: Experimental Investigation
Authors: Kolekar Shreedhar , Venkatesh Krishna , Oh Jeong-Seok , Choi Seung-Bok
Published: October 2017

This study presents experimental results of the vibration parameters of a sandwich beam featuring magnetorheological (MR) fluid as core material. For simplicity, the sandwich beam is considered as a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system and the governing equation is derived in time and frequency domains. Then, from the governing equation, the vibration parameters which can be controllable by external stimuli are defined or obtained. These are the field-dependent natural frequency, damping factor, loss factor, and quality factor of the sandwich beam. Subsequently, a sandwich beam incorporating with controllable MR fluid core is fabricated and tested to evaluate the vibration parameters. MR fluid is prepared using the engine oil, iron particles, and grease as an additive and it is filled into the void zone (core) of the sandwich beam. The fabricated beam is then tested at four different conditions and the vibration parameters are numerically identified at each test. It is shown that both the natural frequency and damping property can be tuned by controlling the intensity of the magnetic field applied to MR fluid domain.
Selective and Irreversible Induction of Necroptotic Cell Death in Lung Tumorspheres by Short-Term Exposure to Verapamil in Combination with Sorafenib
Authors: Yakisich Juan Sebastian , Kulkarni Yogesh , Azad Neelam , Iyer Anand Krishnan V.
Published: October 2017

The presence of highly resistant cancer cells and the toxicity to normal cells are key factors that limit chemotherapy. Here, we used two models of highly resistant lung cancer cells: (1) adherent cells growing under prolonged periods of serum starvation (PPSS) and (2) cells growing as floating tumorspheres (FTs) to evaluate the effect of Verapamil (VP) in combination with Sorafenib (SF). Compared to cells growing under routine culture conditions (RCCs), PPPS cells or FTs were highly sensitive to short-term exposure (24 h) to VP 100 μM + SF 5 μM (VP100 + SF5). Recovery experiments exposing cells to VP100 + SF5 for 24 h followed by incubation in drug-free media for 48 h demonstrated that while PPSS as well as FT cells were unable to recover, cancer cells and the noncancerous cell line Beas-2B growing under RCCs were less sensitive and were also able to recover significantly. VP100 + SF5 induced significant changes in the expression of protein associated with apoptosis, autophagy, and to a lesser extent necroptosis. Coincubation experiments with z-VAD-FMK, necrostatin 1, or chloroquine showed evidence that necroptosis played a central role. Our data demonstrates that highly resistant cancer cells can be selectively eliminated by VP + SF and that necroptosis plays a central role.
Multitemporal Volume Registration for the Analysis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Evolution in the Wrist
Authors: Ferretti Roberta , Dellepiane Silvana G.
Published: October 2017

This paper describes a method based on an automatic segmentation process to coregister carpal bones of the same patient imaged at different time points. A rigid registration was chosen to avoid artificial bone deformations and to allow finding eventual differences in the bone shape due to erosion, disease regression, or other eventual pathological signs. The actual registration step is performed on the basis of principal inertial axes of each carpal bone volume, as estimated from the inertia matrix. In contrast to already published approaches, the proposed method suggests splitting the 3D rotation into successive rotations about one axis at a time (the so-called basic or elemental rotations). In such a way, singularity and ambiguity drawbacks affecting other classical methods, for instance, the Euler angles method, are addressed. The proposed method was quantitatively evaluated using a set of real magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences acquired at two different times from healthy wrists and by choosing a direct volumetric comparison as a cost function. Both the segmentation and registration steps are not based on a priori models, and they are therefore able to obtain good results even in pathological cases, as proven by the visual evaluation of actual pathological cases.
Baduanjin Exercise for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wen Junmao , Lin Tong , Cai Yinhe , Chen Qianying , Chen Yuexuan , Ren Yueyi , Weng Senhui , Wang Boqing , Ji Shuliang , Wu Wei
Published: October 2017

Objective. To investigate the effects of Baduanjin exercise for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods. Literature retrieval was performed in several databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Data Information Site, CBM, and VIP from inception to April 2017. Randomized controlled trials on evaluating the effects of Baduanjin exercise were identified. The primary outcomes were glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood‐glucose, and postprandial plasma glucose. Review Manager 5.2 (RevMan 5.2) and Stata V.13.0 software were conducted for data analysis. Results. The results of the meta‐analysis indicated that the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus were favoring Baduanjin plus conventional therapy, when compared with the routine treatment. Baduanjin plus conventional therapy lowered the level of glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood‐glucose, postprandial plasma glucose, TC, TG, and LDL‐C and improved HDL‐C. Adverse events were not mentioned in all included studies. No publication bias was detected by Begg’s and Egger’s test and no single study affected the overall result by influence analysis. Conclusions. Evidence from meta‐analysis suggested that Baduanjin exercise plus conventional therapy has a positive effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, more rigorously designed and large sample RCTs are required to confirm the efficacy and safety in further studies.
Complexity and Vulnerability Analysis of Critical Infrastructures: A Methodological Approach
Authors: Deng Yongliang , Song Liangliang , Zhou Zhipeng , Liu Ping
Published: October 2017

Vulnerability analysis of network models has been widely adopted to explore the potential impacts of random disturbances, deliberate attacks, and natural disasters. However, almost all these models are based on a fixed topological structure, in which the physical properties of infrastructure components and their interrelationships are not well captured. In this paper, a new research framework is put forward to quantitatively explore and assess the complexity and vulnerability of critical infrastructure systems. Then, a case study is presented to prove the feasibility and validity of the proposed framework. After constructing metro physical network (MPN), Pajek is employed to analyze its corresponding topological properties, including degree, betweenness, average path length, network diameter, and clustering coefficient. With a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of MPN, it would be beneficial for metro system to restrain original near‐miss or accidents and support decision‐making in emergency situations. Moreover, through the analysis of two simulation protocols for system component failure, it is found that the MPN turned to be vulnerable under the condition that the high‐degree nodes or high‐betweenness edges are attacked. These findings will be conductive to offer recommendations and proposals for robust design, risk‐based decision‐making, and prioritization of risk reduction investment.
Davallia mariesiiMoore Improves FcεRI-Mediated Allergic Responses in the Rat Basophilic Leukemia Mast Cell Line RBL-2H3 and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis in Mice
Authors: Do Hyun Ju , Oh Tae Woo , Yang Ju Hye , Park Kwang Il , Ma Jin Yeul
Published: October 2017

Davallia mariesiiMoore (Drynaria rhizome extract (DRE)) is widely known for its efficacy in treating inflammation, arteriosclerosis, and bone injuries. This study evaluated whether treatment with DRE inhibited FcɛRI-mediated allergic responses in the RBL-2H3 mast cells and investigated the early- and late-phase mechanisms by which DRE exerts its antiallergic effects. IgE anti-DNP/DNP-HSA-sensitized RBL-2H3 mast cells were tested for cytotoxicity to DRE, followed by the assessment ofβ-hexosaminidase release. We measured the amounts of inflammatory mediators (e.g., histamine, PGD2, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-6) and examined the expression of genes involved in arachidonate and FcεRI signaling pathways. In addition, we confirmed the antiallergic effects of DRE on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in mice. DRE inhibited RBL-2H3 mast cell degranulation and production of allergic mediators in them. In early allergic responses, DRE reduced expression of FcεRI signaling-related genes (e.g., Syk, Lyn, and Fyn) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation in mast cells. In late allergic responses, DRE reduced PGD2release and COX-2 expression and cPLA2phosphorylation in FcɛRI-mediated mast cells. Lastly, 250–500 mg/kg DRE significantly attenuated the IgE-induced PCA reaction in mice. These findings provide novel information on the molecular mechanisms underlying the antiallergic effects of DRE in FcɛRI-mediated allergic responses.
A New Theoretical Approach: A Model Construct for Fault Troubleshooting in Cloud Computing
Authors: Alkasem Ameen , Liu Hongwei , Shafiq Muhammad , Zuo Decheng
Published: October 2017

In cloud computing, there are four effective measurement criteria: (I) priority, (II) fault probability, (III) risk, and (IV) the duration of the repair action determining the efficacy of troubleshooting. In this paper, we propose a new theoretical algorithm to construct a model for fault troubleshooting; we do this by combining a Naïve-Bayes classifier (NBC) with a multivalued decision diagram (MDD) and influence diagram (ID), which structure and manage problems related to unambiguous modeling for any connection between significant entities. First, the NBC establish the fault probability based on a Naïve-Bayes probabilistic model for fault diagnosis. This approach consists of three steps: (I) identifying the network parameters to also show the reliance for probability relationship among the entire set of nodes; (II) determining the structure of the network topology; (III) assessing the probability of the fault being propagated. This calculates the probability of each node being faulty given the evidence. Second, the MDD combines the influential factors of four measurements and determines the utility value of prioritizing their actions during each step of the fault troubleshooting which in turn assesses which fault is selected for repair. We demonstrate how the procedure is adapted by our method, with the host server’s failure to initiate a case-study. This approach is highly efficient and enables low-risk fault troubleshooting in the field of cloud computing.
Influence of Varnish on Bearing Performance and Vibration of Rotating Machinery
Authors: Zhang Chu , Yang Jian-Gang , Liu Shi , Gao Qing-Shui , Yang Yi
Published: October 2017

Varnish is a kind of fouling adhered on bearing inner face near the load zone. The model to analyze its influence on bearing performance and rotor vibration was set up. Pressure and temperature distribution were solved on the basis of the Reynolds equation by the iteration method simultaneously. It is found that bearing performance is changed by the step flow effect at the leading edge of the varnish. Its influence is more obvious when the rotating speed is low. Bearing varnish results in a large decrease of minimum clearance and an increase in the oil film temperature and pressure. Loading capacity of bearing is also decreased. It is harmful to the bearing. With the varnish, the minimum oil film thickness decreases. This leads to an increase of bearing stiffness and damping coefficients. Its influence is larger in the horizontal direction than that in the vertical direction. The trend of unbalance response to rotating speed is similar. There is little influence of the varnish on the modal frequency. However, system stability is improved due to the increased bearing damping coefficients.
Expression Levels and Localizations of DVL3 and sFRP3 in Glioblastoma
Authors: Kafka Anja , Tomas Davor , Lechpammer Mirna , Gabud Tea , Pažanin Leo , Pećina-Šlaus Nives
Published: October 2017

The expression patterns of critical molecular components of Wnt signaling, sFRP3 and DVL3, were investigated in glioblastoma, the most aggressive form of primary brain tumors, with the aim to offer potential biomarkers. The protein expression levels and localizations in tumor tissue were revealed by immunohistochemistry and evaluated by the semiquantitative method and immunoreactivity score. Majority of glioblastomas had moderate expression levels for both DVL3 (52.4%) and sFRP3 (52.3%). Strong expression levels were observed in 23.1% and 36.0% of samples, respectively. DVL3 was localized in cytoplasm in 97% of glioblastomas, of which 44% coexpressed the protein in the nucleus. sFRP3 subcellular distribution showed that it was localized in the cytoplasm in 94% of cases. Colocalization in the cytoplasm and nucleus was observed in 50% of samples. Wilcox test indicated that the domination of the strong signal is in connection with simultaneous localization of DVL3 protein in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Patients with strong expression of DVL3 will significantly more often have the protein in the nucleus (P=6.33×10−5). No significant correlation between the two proteins was established, nor were their signal strengths correlated with epidemiological parameters. Our study contributes to better understanding of glioblastoma molecular profile.
Biochemical and Genetical Responses ofPhoenix dactyliferaL. to Cadmium Stress
Authors: Al-Qurainy Fahad , Khan Salim , Tarroum Mohamed , Nadeem Mohammad , Alansi Saleh , Alshameri Aref
Published: October 2017

The cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal, causes toxicity, which leads to hampering the growth and development of the plant. The molecular and biochemical approaches were used for the investigation of antioxidant system response and genotoxicity in date palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) cv. Sagai in pot experiment having Cd. The root length was more affected than the shoot length as more accumulation of Cd occurs in roots. Fresh weights of root and shoot were reduced significantly in treated plants as compared to the control. The proline content was increased at low concentration of Cd (300 µM-CdCl2) than the medium and high concentrations (600 and 900 µM-CdCl2), respectively. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content was increased at 600 and 900 µM-CdCl2compared to the plants treated at 300 µM-CdCl2and controls. Antioxidant enzymatic assay was performed under Cd stress and compared with control plants. The catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were found to be high in plants treated with CdCl2at 300 µM compared to at 600 and 900 µM-CdCl2, respectively. The genotoxicity of Cd was assessed using the inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker where all treated and control plants were clustered into three main groups based on genetic similarity.P. dactyliferaplants were found to be more divergent at high Cd stress as compared to control and plants treated at low concentration of Cd.
The Prognostic Value of Combined Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Habits for the Estimation of Cause-Specific Mortality in Middle-Age and Elderly Population: Results from a Long-Term Cohort Study in Lithuania
Authors: Luksiene Dalia , Tamosiunas Abdonas , Virviciute Dalia , Radisauskas Ricardas
Published: October 2017

Aim. To evaluate the prognostic value of combined smoking and alcohol consumption habits for the estimation of cause-specific mortality risk in middle-age and elderly population. Methods. The study presents data from the four surveys. A random sample of 6,729 subjects aged 35–64 years was selected for statistical analysis. During the follow-up of 31 years (1983–2014), there were 2,158 deaths from any cause. Multivariate Cox’s proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause mortality and Competing Risk Regression analysis was used to estimate subdistribution hazard risk (SHR) for cause-specific mortality. Results. Smoking clearly increased the risk of all-cause mortality and mortality from cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but alcohol use had little effect in men aged 35–64 years. However, heavy alcohol consumption (>14 units/week) increased the risk of all-cause mortality and mortality from external causes in the never-smokers men group who drank alcohol of 1–14 units/week (HR 2 = 1.57 and SHR 2 = 2.40, resp.). Conclusions. The smoking habits and alcohol consumption are modifiable risk factors, and thus efforts to support abstinence from alcohol and smoking use should be a public health priority.
Theranostics of Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Lee Sze Ting , Kulkarni Harshad R. , Singh Aviral , Baum Richard P.
Published: October 2017

Somatostatin receptor positron emission tomography/computed tomography using 68Ga-labeled somatostatin analogs is the mainstay for the evaluation of receptor status in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). This translates towards better therapy options, with increasing evidence of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) as the treatment of choice for advanced or progressive NETs. There are benefits in progression-free and overall survival as well as a significant improvement in clinical condition. In patients with progressive NETs, fractionated, personalized PRRT results in good therapeutic responses with no significant severe hematological and/or renal toxicity, thus improving quality of life.
Real-World Results of Intravitreal Ranibizumab, Bevacizumab, or Triamcinolone for Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Koç İrem , Kadayıfçılar Sibel , Eldem Bora
Published: October 2017

Objective: To compare the visual and anatomical outcomes of intravitreal ranibizumab (group 1), bevacizumab (group 2), and triamcinolone (group 3) for center-involving diabetic macular edema. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 275 eyes of 208 consecutive patients. Visual acuity (VA) in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters and central macular thickness (CMT) values on optical coherence tomography were extracted. Reported side effects were noted. Results: At 6 months, the mean changes in VA in group 1, group 2, and group 3 were +4.9, +4.3, and +4.6 letters, respectively (p = 0.911). Improvement of CMT at 6 and 24 months was significantly better in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2 (p = 0.012 and p = 0.001, respectively). At 24 months, the only independent variable affecting the change in VA was initial VA (p = 0.020). Cataract and glaucoma prevalences were higher in group 3 (p = 0.000 and p = 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Three treatment methods had similar effects with regard to improvement in VA; however, intravitreal triamcinolone provided additional anatomical improvement.
Response of the Endothelium to the Epicutaneous Application of Leukotriene B4
Authors: Hanssen Sabina C.A. , Hendriks Anke G.M. , Keijsers Romy M.C. , van Erp Piet E.J. , van der Vleuten Carine J.M. , Seyger Marieke M.B. , van de Kerkhof Peter C.M.
Published: October 2017

Background: Vascular changes, both endothelial and functional, are crucial events in inflammatory responses. Objectives: To investigate the dynamics of endothelial cell (EC) and functional changes during acute inflammation in an in vivo model of the skin using leukotriene B4. Methods: EC proliferation, vascular network size, vessel diameter (VD), and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α were studied by immunohistochemical CD31/Ki67 double staining and single staining of HIF-1α. Cutaneous perfusion (CP) was assessed using the Twente Optical Perfusion Camera. Results: The initial phase illustrated an increase in VD, Ki67+ EC, and HIF-1α expression and late-phase vascular expansion. The HIF-1α and Ki67+ EC expression was limited. CP and VD were augmented after 24 h. Conclusion: The early phase of inflammation is characterized by EC proliferation and HIF-1α expression. Vascular expansion continues over time. CP and VD are seen in both phases of inflammation. Angiogenesis, vascular network formation, and perfusion are time-dependent processes which are mutually related during inflammation.
Persistent Full-Thickness Idiopathic Macular Hole: Anatomical and Functional Outcome of Revitrectomy with Autologous Platelet Concentrate or Autologous Whole Blood
Authors: Purtskhvanidze Konstantine , Frühsorger Brigitte , Bartsch Sofya , Hedderich Jürgen , Roider Johann , Treumer Felix
Published: October 2017

Purpose: To evaluate long-term outcome after revitrectomy with autologous platelet concentrate (APC) or whole blood (WB) in persistent idiopathic macular hole (MH) after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. Procedures: Retrospective study of 75 eyes with persistent MH after vitrectomy with ILM peeling and gas. All patients underwent revitrectomy with gas and APC (n = 61) or WB (n = 14). Main outcome measures were anatomical closure rate and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Results: Closure rate after revitrectomy was 85.2% (52/61) in the APC group and 7.1% (1/14) in the WB group. Median follow-up was 58 (range 3-147) months. Median BCVA (logMAR) in patients with finally closed MHs was 0.4 ± 0.3. Patients with defects of the ellipsoid zone had significantly worse postoperative BCVA. Morphological MH configuration (atrophic or elevated edges) did not correlate with final closure rate. Conclusions: Revitrectomy with APC and gas is a very effective treatment in persistent MH after vitrectomy with ILM peeling and gas.
Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Tacrolimus versus Infliximab for Active Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Takeuchi Ken , Shimoyama Takahiro , Yamamoto Takayuki
Published: October 2017

Background: This narrative review was to determine which medication, tacrolimus (TAC) or infliximab (IFX), is safer and more effective in the management of active UC. Our literature search identified 5 studies directly comparing the outcomes of TAC versus IFX for active UC. A review of the 5 studies was undertaken. Summary: The incidence of serious adverse events was not significantly different between the TAC and IFX groups. The short-term clinical remission and response rates and the colectomy-free rates were similar between the groups. TAC was usually withdrawn at week 12 and, therefore, the long-term efficacy of TAC could not be properly evaluated. The majority of patients in the IFX group maintained clinical remission in the long-term. The efficacy of IFX as second-line salvage therapy after failure of TAC appeared to be favourable, but the efficacy of TAC after failure of IFX was questionable. Key Messages: Both TAC and IFX appeared to be equally safe and effective in the short-term for patients with active UC. For the moment, treatment choice, TAC or IFX, should be guided by physician and centre experience. Randomised controlled trials are urgently warranted to rigorously compare the efficacy of TAC versus IFX for active UC.
The USP7 Inhibitor P5091 Induces Cell Death in Ovarian Cancers with Different P53 Status
Authors: Wang Mengying , Zhang Yayun , Wang Taishu , Zhang Jinrui , Zhou Zhu , Sun Yan , Wang Shanshan , Shi Yulin , Luan Xuelin , Zhang Yingqiu , Wang Yifei , Wang Yang , Zou Zhongwen , Kang Lan , Liu Han
Published: October 2017

Background/Aims: Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed at later stages with poor prognosis. Recent studies have associated the expression of deubiquitylase USP7 with the survival of ovarian cancers. Being a cysteine protease, USP7 could become a target for pharmacological intervention. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the influence of its inhibitor P5091 on ovarian cancer cells. Methods: Ovarian cancer cells were treated with P5091, and cell proliferation was measured with MTT assay; cell morphology was inspected under a phase-contrast microscope; cell cycle and cell death were examined by flow cytometry. To gain mechanistic insights into its effects, immunoblotting was performed to detect USP7, HDM2, p53, p21, apoptosis and autophagy related proteins. Results: P5091 effectively suppressed the growth of ovarian cancer cells, caused cell cycle blockage, and induced necrosis and apoptosis with more severe phenotypes observed in HeyA8 cells with wild-type p53 than in OVCAR-8 cells with mutant p53. P5091 also prompted autophagy, with more efficient p62 degradation in HeyA8. Conclusion: P5091 shows efficacy in suppressing ovarian cancers harbouring wild-type and mutant p53. Its effects seemed to be enhanced by wild-type p53. The potency of this USP7 inhibitor also correlated with autophagy to some extent. Therefore, the pharmacological targeting of USP7 may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy and warrants further investigation.
Effect of Salt Intake on Serum Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Levels in Normotensive Salt-Sensitive Subjects
Authors: Zheng Wen-Ling , Chu Chao , Lv Yong-Bo , Wang Yang , Hu Jia-Wen , Ma Qiong , Yan Yu , Cao Yu-Meng , Dang Xi-Long , Wang Ke-Ke , Mu Jian-Jun
Published: October 2017

Background/Aims: Excess dietary salt is a critical risk factor of salt-sensitive hypertension. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) , a gut incretin hormone, conferring benefits for blood pressure by natriuresis and diuresis. We implemented a randomized trial to verify the effect of altered salt intake on serum GLP-1 level in human beings. Methods: The 38 subjects were recruited from a rural community of Northern China. All subjects were sequentially maintained a baseline diet period for 3 days, a low-salt diet period for 7 days (3.0g/day of NaCl) , and a high-salt diet period for additional 7 days (18.0g/day of NaCl). Results: Serum GLP-1 level increased significantly with the change from the baseline period to the low-salt diet period and decreased with the change from the low-salt to high-salt diet in normotensive salt-sensitive (SS) but not salt-resistant (SR) individuals. There was a significant inverse correlation between the serum GLP-1 level and the MAP in SS subjects. Inverse correlation between the serum GLP-1 level and 24-h urinary sodium excretion was also found among different dietary interventions in SS subjects. Conclusions: Our study indicates that variations in dietary salt intake affect the serum GLP-1 level in normotensive salt-sensitive Chinese adults.
A arte da fuga: sobre a personalidade reativa e o tratamento psicanalítico de um adolescente em crise
Authors: Nogueira Tiago Sanches
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho apresenta uma discussão acerca de um caso clínico que interroga a ação do psicanalista perante o processo de crise de um adolescente em condição de abrigamento. O desdobramento do caso pôde, somente a posteriori, levar-nos ao estudo do funcionamento daquilo que Jacques Lacan, em seu seminário A Angústia (1962-1963), chamou de “personalidade reativa”. Trata-se, segundo Lacan, não de uma espécie de sujeito, mas sim de uma zona de relação definida por ele como a do acting-out. William recorria exatamente a essa zona como único recurso diante do “não se pode dizer”
A voz no autismo: uma análise baseada em autobiografias
Authors: Bialer Marina Martins
Published: October 2017

No presente artigo, abordamos a voz no autismo a partir da análise de autobiografias de autistas e de pais de autistas. Para esta finalidade, enfocamos manifestações como o mutismo, o grito gutural, o monólogo, a expressão irruptiva de palavras esporádicas, a ecolalia, uma língua privada não compartilhada, o recurso a intermediários como o gravador, a mimetização de voz de animais, o recurso a scritps de personagens Disney ou livros. Após descrevermos e sinalizarmos alguns aspectos importantes evidenciados nessa maneira singular de se relacionar com a voz, apontaremos algumas nuanças do funcionamento psíquico do autista.
Usos do território e o papel do Estado no Brasil: notas sobre a atuação da Agência Desenvolve SP
Authors: Gallo Fabrício
Published: October 2017

Neste artigo, inicia-se uma reflexão sobre a composição e o papel do Estado como agente significativo no processo de uso do território no período atual. Como compromisso analítico, sugere-se um estudo da reorganização das solidariedades federativas no território brasileiro a partir da forte presença econômica do ente federativo estado de São Paulo (Brasil). Entender o uso do território e o papel do Estado paulista como esfera normativa, reguladora e provedora de recursos aos municípios e às empresas localizadas em seus limites é um dos propósitos deste texto. Esse processo se verificará a partir de financiamentos liberados pela Agência de Desenvolvimento Paulista, a Desenvolve SP, para a renovação seletiva das materialidades e a ampliação dos investimentos das empresas localizadas em municípios paulistas.
Articulação entre múltiplas escalas geográficas: lógicas e estratégias espaciais de empresas
Authors: Sposito Maria Encarnação Beltrão , Sposito Eliseu Savério
Published: October 2017

No atual período, marcado por formas de produção e consumo associadas ao pós-fordismo e pela constituição social e política do neoliberalismo, empresas de diferentes portes econômicos e abrangências espaciais baseiam suas decisões sobre a localização de seus estabelecimentos e a conformação de seus mercados e áreas de atuação segundo diferentes escalas geográficas. De um lado, a articulação entre lógicas econômicas e espaciais e, de outro, estratégias espaciais das empresas são apresentadas aqui no contexto do capitalismo contemporâneo e da conformação de redes de lojas comerciais que se sustentam em redes urbanas, mas também transformam suas configurações e os papéis de várias cidades nessa estrutura espacial de escala interurbana. Tomamos como referência empírica a lógica econômica e espacial de algumas empresas e a estratégia espacial de outras para mostrar o que é geral e o que pode ser apreendido como particular e singular nas tendências analisadas.
O correspondente bancário como estratégia de reorganização de redes bancárias e financeiras no Brasil
Authors: Dias Leila Christina Duarte
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho objetiva trazer elementos para discutir a crescente complexidade das redes bancárias e financeiras no Brasil analisando seu processo de reorganização nas últimas décadas e a invenção do correspondente bancário, objeto híbrido que combina serviço, tecnologia de comunicação e produto. Adquirindo outros bancos e sociedades de crédito para cumprir seus objetivos, os grupos financeiros têm presença no território garantida pelos correspondentes bancários – agentes comerciais e milhares de pequenos escritórios de contabilidade conectados às sedes dos bancos por plataformas tecnológicas que permitem prestar serviços. As operações de crédito e de arrendamento mercantil foram os serviços mais usados nos correspondentes bancários em 2016, chamando atenção para o processo de endividamento crescente dos mais pobres e idosos.
Dossiê Geografia e Finanças
Authors: Arroyo Mónica , Contel Fabio
Published: October 2017

O dossiê “Geografia e Finanças” deste número da revista GEOUSP foi organizado para debater estes temas, e apresenta alguns dos resultados do Seminário Internacional Geografia e Finanças, realizado no Departamento de Geografia da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo entre os dias 6 a 8 de abril de 2016. Os artigos agora apresentados são de expositores das sessões do referido Seminário, e procuram trazer aportes e interpretações para o entendimento do fenômeno financeiro, sob uma abordagem geográfica.
Extra-pair paternity in the black-headed gull: is it exceptional among colonial waterbirds?
Authors: Indykiewicz Piotr , Podlaszczuk Patrycja , Minias Piotr
Published: October 2017

Although nesting at high densities promotes frequent interactions with individuals other than social mates, the rate of extra-pair paternity (EPP) in colonial waterbirds is generally low. So far, the highest EPP rate within this group has been reported in the black-headed gullChroicocephalus ridibundusbreeding in a colony in Czech Republic (33% broods with extra-pair offspring). In this study, we used a set of microsatellite loci to analyse parentage in 34 gull families (102 nestlings) from northern Poland. We recorded intra-specific brood parasitism in 10.8% of broods, but no evidence for EPP was found. The striking discrepancy between our results and previous estimates of EPP rate in the black-headed gull strongly indicate that promiscuity is a context-dependent strategy in this species and that its prevalence may greatly vary between populations. We recommend that a special care should be taken while using single-population data on EPP in the inter-specific comparative analyses.