bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURE OF THE SERBIAN AND RUSSIAN MONASTERIES
Authors: Il'vickaya S. , Zhitsa P.
Published: May 2020

A comparative analysis of the evolution of Orthodox monasteries is given on the example of Serbia and Russia. This topic is relevant in the issue of the revival of the Orthodox culture. The formation of the architecture of monastery complexes in modern conditions allows to determine the principles of the functional and architectural-spatial organization of Orthodox monasteries with social and educational facilities. Currently, the functions of monasteries are expanding, their educational, social, pilgrimage and other activities are becoming increasingly popular. The monastery ensemble is an open and constantly evolving system, and the methodology for the study of monastery complexes is based on a systematic approach to studying the architecture of Orthodox churches and monasteries. To date, comprehensive studies of the Orthodox monastery architecture of Serbia and the entire Balkan region as a whole have not been conducted. However, the experience of monastic construction in Russia and the Balkans allows to explore many features of the architecture of Orthodox monasteries and develop recommendations for the restoration of temple architecture and the new construction of temple complexes and monasteries, taking into account their socio-educational and cultural activities. In the revival of the monasteries of Serbia, the experience of Russia can now be widely used. At the same time, the main task of the architect is to preserve the features of the Serbian temple architecture and its identity.
Class Based Multi Stage Encryption for Efficient Data Security in Cloud Environment Using Profile Data
Authors: S.K. Mouleeswaran , J Kanya Devi , Illayaraja
Published: May 2020

The security issues in the cloud have been well studied. The data security has much importance in point of data owner. There are number of approaches presented earlier towards performance in data security in cloud. To overcome the issues, a class based multi stage encryption algorithm is presented in this paper. The method classifies the data into number of classes and different encryption scheme is used for different classes in different levels. Similarly, the user has been authenticated for their access and they have been classified into different categories. According to the user profile, the method restricts the access of user and based on the same, the method defines security measures. A system defined encryption methodology is used for encrypting the data. Moreover, the user has been returned with other encryption methods which can be decrypted by the user using their own key provided by the system. The proposed algorithm improves the performance of security and improves the data security.
Experimental Investigation on performance of silica fumes as a soil stabilizer for oil contaminated strata
Authors: J Anitha , R S Srividya
Published: May 2020

Oil leakage is an environmental issue unnoticed in the present time. The problem of oil leakage and oil contamination is main concern for petroleum harvesting countries. Oil contamination in soil creates health issues in the area surrounding it. The nutrients in the soil get reduced significantly due to oil contamination which makes the land not suitable for cultivation. The oil produces hydrocarbons which makes the civil structures weak and out at risk. The most harmful effects of oil contamination are excessive settlement of structures, breakage of underground pipes, etc. In this project, we are trying to study the effects of oil contamination in the soil and also to find a sustainable solution for it. The soil is contaminated in the percentage from 0 to 20% and the tests on index and engineering properties have been conducted to find the effect of engine oil. In order to stabilize the oil contaminated soil, we use silica fumes as a stabilizing agent. The optimum percentage of silica fume is chosen based on the tests of Index and Engineering properties conducted on the soil with silica fumes. The percentage of oil where the soil properties need stabilization is known and the soil is stabilized with the optimum silica fume percentage.
Estimating How Many Phylebotomists are Required in the Phylebotomy Unit: An Artificial Intelligence Study
Authors: Orbatu Dilek , Yıldırım Oktay , Pakdemirli Ahu , Yaşar Eminullah , Alaygut Demet , Sevinç Süleyman , Şişman Ali Rıza
Published: May 2020

Objective: In this study, after the examination, most patients apply to phlebotomy units to perform the necessary examinations. Sufficient plebotomists should be taken to the phlebotomy unit to serve a large number of patients. The aim of this study is to determine the reguired number of phlebotomists in blood center using the artificial intelligence.

Material and Methods: This study was conducted in the Health Sciences University  Tepecik Training and Research Hospital Blood center between the September-November 2019 . The required number of phlebotomists in the unit was determined with an artificial intelligence-based method. With this system, the number of patients coming to the phlebotomy unit is estimated in real time and considering the past performance of the working phlebotomists, how many phlebotomists are needed in real time is calculated.

Results: The number of phlebotomists who both serve patients as quickly as possible and use the personnel resources of hospital efficiently needs to be optimized. In order to solve this problem, an AI-based system has been developed. With this system, the number of patients coming to phlebotomy unit is estimated in real time and considering the past performances of the working phlebotomists, it calculates how many phlebotomists are needed in real time

Conclusion: The suggestions made by this AI-based system have made a great contribution to the management of the phlebotomy unit. Managers used hospital staff resources in the most efficient way and at the same time, they were able to ensure that patients receive phlebotomy service by following the system's recommendations.
Formation and survival of in vitro protocormos of Cerrado Orchid of Goiás
Authors: Lemos D. C. S. , Sousa G. R. , Souza A. D. V. , França J. B. A. , Rosa M. R. , Vieira M. C.
Published: May 2020

The Cerrado has wide plant diversity, including orchids. These plants need symbiosis with fungi for their germination to occur in the wild. In vitro or asbiotic cultivation is an alternative for the production of seedlings of this species. This diversity of orchids makes it much appreciated as pot plants, landscaping, with high commercial value. The objective of this work was to carry out the study for the development of a protocol for the germination and in vitro development of orchids. The experiment was carried out at the LABIOTEC Biotechnology Laboratory of the Federal Institute Goiano Campus Urutaí-GO. Catasetum sp native capsules from Goiás State, containing mature seeds were collected and disinfected in 50% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes and in laminar flow were washed four times in distilled and autoclaved water. They were then seeded in vitro in 258 mL glass vials containing 30 mL of MS medium enriched with vitamins and 0.0 Tryptone; 1.0; 2.0 and 3.0 g L-1. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.2 ± 0.1. The average time for germination and development of the protocorms varied from 3 to 7 days after sowing for the species under study. The dosage of 2.0 g L-1 is efficient for the development and maintenance of in vitro Catasetum protocorms up to 333 days. There was no development of shoot of Catasetum seedlings in any of the evaluated treatments. It was observed that the 3.0 g L-1 Tryptone dosage presented higher rates of fungal and bacterial contamination and oxidation
Use of illicit drugs between nursing academics: a literature review
Authors: Dias M. L. , Silva J. C. L.
Published: May 2020

In recent decades, consumption of illicit substances has become a concern of society, a public health problem due to the high incidence of social problems related to its use and the risks to users' health. The transition period to the university is a time of vulnerability to exposure to drugs, thus, academics have the first contact with some kind of substance at that stage. The objective of this study was to investigate what has been produced in the literature on the use of drugs among nursing students in Brazil. It is a study with a quantitative approach, of type literature review. We used the descriptors: "Nursing, Drugs and Academics" and the databases Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) for articles search. A total of 149 publications were found and, after analytical reading, a sample of 10 articles was developed to develop the study. As a result, it was observed that the prevalence of illicit drug use is more predominant among male students, in general, but the female sex is higher among the participants, the difference is due to the high prevalence of women in the Nursing course . The age group most found in the studies is 18 to 30 years of age and the drugs most commonly used by academics are marijuana and cocaine. According to the studies presented, the consumption of illicit drugs directly affects the life of nursing students, reinforcing it as a serious public health problem.
Selectivity of herbicides applied, in pre-emergence, during the establishment phase of sugarcane
Authors: Araújo R. C. A. , Marinho A. M. C. , Sobrinho R. G. S. , Sousa V. H. C. , Souza L. C. , Amorim F. F. V. R. , Almeida E. I. B.
Published: May 2020

Sugarcane is a very important crop in the history of Brazil, since the period of colonization. Among the factors that affect its yield in commercial areas, weeds could be highlighted. Appropriate management strategies are essential to mitigate this interference and increase crop productivity. In this sense, the aim was to evaluate the effect of different control methods on weed management, in the pre-emergence of two varieties, of cane-plant. The experiment was conducted at  Primavera Farm, Itambé (PE), in randomized blocks, in a 2x5 factorial scheme, with 4 replications. The first factor represented two varieties of sugarcane (RB867515 and RB92579) and the second five weed control methods (weed control, absolute control, s-metalochlor + tebuthiuron, sulfentrazone and oxyfluorfen). The number of tillers per linear meter, degree of phytotoxicity and weed control were evaluated. At the end of the research, the RB92579 variety can be used as an alternative for the weed control because it presents rapid sprouting and initial development and more aggressive tillering than RB867515, under Itambé (PE) soil conditions. It is recommended the use of sulfentrazone at the dose of 1.8 L.ha-1.p.c, for better residual effect and "sufficient" control of weeds in the stage of establishment of the culture.
INVESTIGAÇÃO DOS PRINCIPAIS MICRO-ORGANISMOS RESPONSÁVEIS POR INFECÇÕES NOSOCOMIAIS EM UTIs NEONATAIS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Costa Milce , Silva Walita Naiara
Published: May 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: Define-se Infecção Nosocomial como aquela que ocorre após a admissão do paciente na unidade hospitalar manifestando-se durante a internação ou após a alta. As IN são uma das principais causas de mortalidade em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN). A incidência de IN varia de acordo com as características de cada unidade de tratamento, a infraestrutura e os recursos humanos, bem como dos métodos utilizados para prevenção e diagnósticos disponíveis nessas unidades. Aproximadamente 1/3 de todas as IN são preveníveis pela adoção de medidas simples de lavagem correta das mãos pelos profissionais de saúde. OBJETIVOS: Verificar os principais micro-organismos causadores destas infecções em hospitais brasileiros no período compreendido entre 2000 a 2015, bem como identificar as principais vias de infecção descritas. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa, por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e através da análise dos resultados. Os dados foram coletados nas bases eletrônicas Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), SciELO, LILACS e BIREME. A princípio foram encontrados 37 estudos, dos quais 10 foram selecionados. Os descritores utilizados foram: Infecção Nosocomial, Infecção hospitalar, UTIN, Estudo Epidemiológico, Prevalência. RESULTADO E DISCUSSÃO: Os principais micro-organismos causadores de IN em UTIN foram: Staphylococcus spp 11 (39,3%), Candida 5 (17,9%) e Klebsiella pneumoniae 3 (10,7 %). As vias de IN mais frequentes foram: Cateter venoso central (CVC) 8 (25,8%), Ventilação mecânica (VM) 5 (16,2%), Intubação orotraqueal, Cateterismo e Nutrição parenteral (NP) 4 (12,9%). CONCLUSÃO: Os índices de infecção em recém nascidos (RN) são significativos em relação morbimortalidade. A conscientização e a adoção de medidas preventivas aos profissionais de saúde são de estrema importância para evitar a disseminação de IN em UTIN.
Muzyka w działalności duszpasterskiej bazylianów w Rzeczypospolitej w XVIII wieku
Authors: Lorens Beata
Published: May 2020

Bazylianie angażowali się w pracę duszpasterską we własnych parafiach, pełnili posługę w sanktuariach licznie odwiedzanych  przez wiernych, a także prowadzili misje ludowe wśród ludności zamieszkującej teren wschodniej Rzeczypospolitej. W tej działalności ważną rolę pełniła muzyka, zarówno wokalna jak i instrumentalna. Bazylianie byli tymi, którzy do swych cerkwi wprowadzali muzykę instrumentalną, głównie organową. W drugiej połowie XVIII w. instrument ten był coraz częściej spotykany w świątyniach unickich. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że organy częściej występowały w klasztorach prowincji litewskiej, zwłaszcza w ośrodkach miejskich oraz położonych na Litwie, Wołyniu, w eparchii chełmskiej. Rzadziej wprowadzano organy do cerkwi bazyliańskich położonych w południowo-wschodniej Rzeczypospolitej: w województwie ruskim i podolskim. Oprócz organów na wyposażeniu cerkwi były instrumenty dęte i strunowe, używane przeważnie przy okazji odpustów. Przy monasterach utrzymywano kapele wokalno-instrumentalne. W XVIII w. działały one przy co najmniej sześciu klasztorach (Wilno, Chełm, Żyrowice, Poczajów, Uniów, Supraśl), zaś obecność instrumentów muzycznych odnotowano w pięciu kolejnych placówkach (Zahorów, Humań, Biała, Buczacz, Boruny). Bazylianie korzystali także z usług kapeli funkcjonujących przy kościołach łacińskich czy prywatnych zespołów magnackich. Zakonnicy dbali o wykonywanie tradycyjnego śpiewu cerkiewnego. Jednak obok niego zaznajamiali wiernych z pieśniami i hymnami łacińskimi, które tłumaczyli na język polski lub ruski (ukraiński). Sami również byli autorami tekstów pieśni religijnych przeznaczonych na różne okazje. Muzyka stosowana w działalności duszpasterskiej bazylianów w XVIII w. łączyła tradycyjną muzykę cerkiewną z wpływami zachodniej muzyki barokowej.
Podróże koncertowe Henryka Wieniawskiego do Norwegii
Authors: Łopatowska-Romsvik Dagmara
Published: May 2020

W szeregu publikacji poświęconych życiu i działalności koncertowej Henryka Wieniawskiego wiadomo, że Henryk Wieniawski był nierzadkim gościem na estradach koncertowych Danii Szwecji. Znane są bliższe informacje na temat wielu wyjazdów do tych krajów oraz koncertów, które w nich dawał. W pracach tych znajdujemy także wzmianki na temat koncertów skrzypka w Norwegii. Dane te są jednak bardzo ogólne, a daty tych wydarzeń nierzadko podawane są błędnie lub niekonsekwentnie. Tekst ten powstał w wyniku badań nad kontaktami Henryka Wieniawskiego z norweską publicznością przeprowadzonych na materiałach źródłowych. Badania te pozwoliły ustalić, że artysta odwiedził Norwegię trzykrotnie. Jego przyjazdy organizowane były przez biuro koncertowe Carla Warmutha, działające w stolicy w tym czasie. Podczas każdej z podróży Wieniawski dał tam co najmniej kilka koncertów. Badania wykazały również, że skrzypek koncertował nie tylko w stolicy Norwegii, ale również w innych miastach południowej części kraju. Udało się odtworzyć programy poszczególnych występów artysty na podstawie zachowanych programów. Z tekstów prasowych poświęconych wizytom Wieniawskiego zaś wyłoniła się atmosfera, jaka towarzyszyła jego koncertom – był tam zawsze entuzjastycznie przyjmowany, a sale koncertowe podczas jego występów były pełne. Po śmierci artysty jednak prasa właściwie o nim zapomniała. Przetrwała, wszakże, jego muzyka, którą wykonywali w kolejnych dekadach zarówno artyści zagraniczni, jak i muzycy norwescy.
Roman Palester i Jerzy Giedroyc – o wzajemnych kontaktach w świetle zachowanej korespondencji
Authors: Bolesławska-Lewandowska Beata
Published: May 2020

Faktem powszechnie znanym jest praca Romana Palestra w rozgłośni Radia Wolna Europa, o jego kontaktach z paryską Kulturą oraz jej redaktorem naczelnym, Jerzym Giedroyciem, wiadomo natomiast bardzo niewiele. Tymczasem, poza opublikowanymi na łamach tego najważniejszego polskiego pisma emigracyjnego tekstami Palestra, w archiwum Instytutu Literackiego w Maisons-Laffitte zachowała się korespondencja kompozytora z Jerzym Giedroyciem. Pisane w latach 1951–87 listy pozostają świadectwem ich długoletniej znajomości, skupionej na sprawach ważnych dla polskiej muzyki i kultury. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie relacji Romana Palestra z Jerzym Giedroyciem w świetle zachowanej korespondencji.
From the collection of the Polish musicologist Aleksander Poliński: On the provenance of two lute tablature manuscripts held in the Bibliothèque nationale in Paris
Authors: Joachimiak Grzegorz
Published: May 2020

The presented research results concerning the music collection of Professor Aleksander Poliński (the author of a book Dzieje muzyki polskiej w zarysie [An outline history of Polish music], Lviv 1907), specifically lute tablature manuscripts from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (Paris, Bibliothéque Nationale: Rès. Vmc. ms. 61 and Rès. Vma. ms. 1213), provide information that enables us not only to learn of their complicated history but also to indicate another source from this collection. Inscriptions written in Polish confirm that we are dealing with manuscripts which previously belonged to this collection. The materials and information revealing what sources he had at his disposal when preparing, for example, his monography on Polish music are still very valuable.
La Percepción de los Agricultores sobre el Problema del Tizón Tardío o Rancha (Phytophthora infestans) su Manejo: Estudio de Casos en Cajamarca, Perú
Authors: Ortiz Oscar , Winters Paul , Fano Hugo
Published: May 2020

Los agricultores que cultivan papa en zonas tropicales montañosas enfrentan varios problemas que limitan la productividad y producción. Sin embargo, poco se conoce sobre los efectos del tizón tardío, el conocimiento de los agricultores y el manejo de esta enfermedad a nivel de campo en países en desarrollo. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en Cajamarca, Perú, durante la campaña agrícola de 1997-1998. Un total de 131 agricultores participaron en entrevistas formales e informales y brindaron suscampos para evaluaciones.Los agricultores entrevistados sembraban alrededor de 0.6 ha con papa, mayormente bajo condiciones de secano. Ellos indicaron que el tizón tardío era el principal problema en la zona, el cual reducía la producción significativamente. En general, la mayoría de entrevistados identificaron claramente las condiciones climáticas que favorecen la enfermedad; pero no conocían que esta enfermedad es causada por un microorganismo y tampoco tenían la habilidad para diagnosticarla correctamente.La mayoría de agricultores identificaron al control químico como la principal práctica de control y usaron 6.6 aplicaciones en promedio. El uso de variedades resistentes y diferentes fechas de siembra también fueron mencionados, pero en menor medida. Los fungicidas más usados en la zona fueron el mancozeb y el metalaxyl. La evidencia indicó que el uso de fungicidas está significativamente asociado con la edad de los agricultores, el nivel de educación, el tamaño de la finca, la fecha de siembra y  la ubicación de la finca; pero no está correlacionado con el uso de variedades.Las evaluaciones de campo demostraron que la severidad de ataque por tizón tardío está significativa e indirectamente correlacionada con el rendimiento del cultivo de papa. Se estableció que 20% de incremento en severidad tiende a reducir aproximadamente 1 t/ha de rendimiento. La fecha de siembra, la fecha de evaluación, el número de aplicaciones de fungicidas y las variedades de papa sembradas estuvieron correlacionados significativamente con la severidad de la enfermedad.La evidencia del estudio indica que es necesario investigar y difundir métodos de control eficientes contra el tizón tardío y que estos métodos serían rentables, ya que esta enfermedad es el principal factor que disminuye el rendimiento del cultivo de la papa según la percepción de los agricultores y los datos provenientes de evaluaciones de campos.Aceptado para publicación: noviembre 1998.
Priorización, Limpieza Viral, Producción de Semilla de Calidad Básica y Devolución de Cultivares Nativos Libres de Virus
Authors: Iriarte Víctor , Badani Ana G. , Villarroel Carmen , Aguirre Gino , Fernández-Northcote Enrique N.
Published: May 2020

Ocho instituciones colaboradoras (AGRUCO, CENDA, CPA, ACRA, PIABS, CESA, UTO, COPLA), y las comunidades a las que apoyan, han seleccionado en zonas con características extremas, cultivares de papa nativa cultivados la mayoría en alturas superiores a los 3,500 m. De ellos 24 fueron priorizados con PROINPA para su limpieza viral, en base a sus características sobresalientes de alta rusticidad frente a factores abióticos y por su importancia social en la elaboración de chuño (tubérculo deshidratado negro), tunta (tubérculo deshidratado blanco), waicu (tubérculo cocido con cáscara), y cocido en fresco. Con el uso de anticuerpos apropiados para la detección de variantes andinas de los virus comunes de la papa en DAS-ELISA, se ha limpiado de virus los 24 cultivares de papa nativa, de los cuales se ha producido semilla de calidad básica en la E.E. Toralapa y en condiciones in situ en camas protegidas construidas con materiales rústicos del lugar. Asimismo a la fecha se han producido tubérculossemillas de alta calidad en parcelas semillaras de los mismos agricultores. Los cultivares nativos de papa, limpios, han sido devueltos a sus centros de recolección a través de los sindicatos de agricultores e instituciones involucradas. Se ha realizado lacomparación preliminar de semilla libre de virus con la semilla proveniente de selección positiva y semilla del agricultor, con resultados muy satisfactorios. Se realizaron eventos de capacitación a 282 agricultores para el manejo de los cultivares libres de virus. La demanda al presente por los cultivares nativos limpios contribuirá al mantenimiento de la biodiversidad y apoyará a una agricultura más sostenible.
Efecto de Diferentes Cultivos y Prácticas Culturales Sobre la Multiplicación del Nematodo Quiste de la Papa (Globodera spp.) en Bolivia
Authors: Pacajes G. , Franco Javier , Esprella Raúl , Main Gladys
Published: May 2020

Bajo condiciones del altiplano central de Bolivia (Provincia de Ingavi, La Paz) se realizó un estudio de campo para evaluar diferentes especies cultivadas y prácticas culturales sobre el nematodo quiste de la papa (Globodera spp.) y determinar la factibilidad de su incorporación en una estrategia para el manejo integrado de esta plaga. Se evaluaron tres clones de papa con resistencia parcial a G. pallida, el cv. Sani Imilla, susceptible (control sin y con nematicida), el cultivo de haba (Vicia faba), el cultivo de cebada (Hordeum vulgare), suelo en descanso e incorporación de haba como abono verde.De acuerdo a la multiplicación de Globodera spp. ocurrida en los clones evaluados, ésta sufrió un incremento de 30% en el clon 390154.4, de 13% en el G84381.9 y se mantuvo invariable en el clon G85472.20, aunque todos ellos mostraron una menor viabilidad en los nuevos quistes formados. La no reducción de las poblaciones del nematodo en el suelo se debería a la presencia de G. rostochiensis, que no fue afectada por la resistencia a G. pallida. En los tratamientos de papa, cebada y haba, se realizaron muestreos de suelo antes de la siembra y a la cosecha, con el objeto de determinar el incremento o disminución de la población del nematodo. Para el abono verde, los muestreos se efectuaron a la siembra, la primera cosecha y luego muestreos mensuales durante la descomposición de la materia verde en el suelo al igual que con el descanso de suelo. La práctica de incorporación de haba como abono verde destacó con una reducción de 41% en la población del nematodo, seguida por los cultivos de haba, cebada y descanso del suelo (25, 23 y 24%), respectivamente. La incorporación del abono verde redujo más notoriamente la población de nematodos durante su etapa de descomposición en el suelo, es decir a partir del segundo mes de su incorporación; posteriormente la población se mantuvo estable. La aplicación del nematicida a la siembra también redujo la población de nematodos en 12% y los rendimientos en tubérculos fueron relativamente mayores. Por otro lado el cv. Sani Imilla sin nematicida registró el aumento más significativo de la población, ya que ésta se elevó en 90%, confirmando su susceptibilidad a Globodera spp.
Una experiencia de innovación tecnológica y difusión en la producción artesanal de la papa deshidratada: Tunta
Authors: Fonseca C. , Huarachi E. , Ordinola M.
Published: May 2020

Los productores andinos, en su mayoría pequeños productores, desde tiempos remotos cumplen la importante misión de fomentar la seguridad alimentaria. La papa constituye un ejemplo clave, con más de cuatro mil variedades y un conjunto de productos derivados generalmente deshidratados. Estos productos son una fuente importante de alimento, y de ingresos económicos para las familias campesinas.La tunta y el chuño son dos derivados que se produce principalmente en el altiplano peruano, en Puno, por encima de 4,000 msnm, donde prospera una producción comercial dirigida al mercado peruano y boliviano. Existen sin embargo limitantes tecnológicas que repercuten en la calidad del producto final, evitando su expansión comercial. En este marco, el Centro Internacional de la Papa, bajo la Iniciativa Papa Andina y el Proyecto Innovación y Competitividad de la Papa Peruana (INCOPA), viene impulsando desde el 2005 el trabajo en plataforma. Una de estas actividades se refiere a la innovación tecnológica, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad comercial de la tunta y consecuentemente mejorar también el ingreso económico de los productores.La innovación tecnológica se desarrolló en el periodo 2005-2009, usando métodos participativos; los resultados fueron: la formulación de las Buenas Prácticas de Procesamiento (BPP) de la Tunta. La amplia difusión de las BPP y la evolución productiva y comercial de la tunta, se concreta con un incremento del ingreso de orden del 47 % para los productores grupo objetivo.Aceptado para publicación: Junio 29, 2011.
PLANTACIÓN TARDÍA DE VARIEDADES DE PAPAS (Solanum tuberoum L.) Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA VARIACIÓN CLIMÁTICA PARA REDUCIR PÉRDIDAS CAUSADAS POR EL GORGOJO DE LOS ANDES (Premnotrypes sp) Y LA SARNA POLVORIENTA (Spongospora subterranea) EN EL ALTIPLANO DE BOLIVIA
Authors: Coca-Morante M. , Coronado-Lira Z.
Published: May 2020

En el Altiplano boliviano se cultiva una gran diversidad de especies nativas andinas e introducidas, y, en los últimos años se observaron variaciones en los patrones tradicionales de cultivo de algunas especies. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron, i. Evaluar el efecto de la plantación tardía en el rendimiento de variedades precoces y tardías de papas nativas (S. tuberosum ssp. andigena) e introducidas (Solanum tuberosum L.), y, ii. Evaluar el efecto de la incidencia de Premnotrypes sp y Spongospora subterranea en época de plantación tardía de papa en el Altiplano norte de Bolivia. Durante dos años agrícolas (2001/02 y 2002/03), se establecieron parcelas experimentales de papa en condiciones del Altiplano norte de Bolivia. Los resultados obtenidos muestran variaciones en los patrones tradicionales de cultivo de la papa. Utilizando variedades precoces y tardías, en plantación tardía (60 días después de la época tradicional), se registran rendimientos aceptables y reducción de la incidencia de Premnotrypes sp y S. subterranea. Todas las variedades completan su ciclo vegetativo indicando que las variaciones de temperaturas podrían estar afectando la fenología de las variedades y la biología del gorgojo y sarna polvorienta.Fecha de aceptación: 4 de marzo, 2014
La resistencia al tizón tardío como herramienta de control en los países en desarrollo
Authors: Forbes G. A. , Huarte M.
Published: May 2020

El tizón tardío de la papa puede ser controlado con varias estrategiass, incluyendo la resistencia del huesped. Desafortunadamente, los esfuerzos hasta la fecha para utilizar la resistencia del huésped han llevado a un éxito limitado y también al fracaso de promover la generaración de poblaciones del patógeno que han evolucionado rápidamente para superar la resistencia o a la decepción provocada por la limitada adopción de los pocos cultivares con resistencia duradera. Varios problemas dificultan la difusión de cultivares resistentes, incluyendo a las poblaciones del patógeno que evolucionan rápidamente, las preferencias del mercado, la asociación de la resistencia con maduración tardía, y cuestiones metodológicas, como el fenotipado inexacto y la comunicación insuficiente entre los investigadores, esto último sobre todo en los países en desarrollo. Nuevas tecnologías y enfoques que mejoren la identificación y adopción de cultivares resistentes son discutidas, incluidos la biotecnología, el perfeccionamiento del mejoramiento convencional, el monitoreo de patógenos, un fenotipado más preciso y una mejor colaboración en la investigación.Manuscrito recibido: 21/09/2014Aceptado: 12/11/2014
Editorial Revista Latinoamericana de la Papa. 2015. 19(2)
Authors: Rev. Alap Revista Latinoamericana de la Papa
Published: May 2020

Editorial Revista Latinoamericana de la Papa. 2015. 19(2)
An approach to measuring food losses in the potato chain in Ecuador and Peru
Authors: A. Devaux C. Velasco; M. Ordinola;
Published: May 2020

Potato production and the related commercial and technological characteristics in the potato value chain, is one of the most important sources of income and food security of thousands of small-scale farmers in the Andes, who are increasingly challenged by trends of urbanization, volatility of agricultural prices, water and land scarcity, environmental stress, and weather shocks. Understanding food losses along the potato value chain and what role these losses play in food security has recently caught the interest of researchers and policy makers as reducing food losses can improve food availability without increasing agricultural inputs, use of land, or technological improvements on the production side. However, estimating food losses has proven to be a daunting task and efforts have yielded estimates that vary considerably. The methodology presented in this study distinguishes losses that are due to physical quantities from those due to quality and value. The results show that the most important losses occur in the production link and that the most important losses faced by small-scale potato producers occur due to crop management practices (before harvest), pests and diseases, frost and drought. Losses in production amount to an average of 95% of total losses in the value chain. This paper reports on the study conducted by the International Potato Center (CIP) through the CGIAR Program on Policy, Institution and Markets (PIM) lead by IFPRI, to evaluate the extent and sources of food losses taking as case study key potato value chains in Ecuador and Peru.
WHAT IT TAKES TO SET UP TRAVEL HEALTH SERVICES: A REVIEW FROM COUNTRIES WITH ESTABLISHED SERVICE
Authors: Muhammad Haikal Bin Ghazali  , Shamsul Azhar Bin Shah  , Mohd Rizal Bin Abd Manaf
Published: May 2020

As air travelling now becomes cheaper and available to almost all people of any walk of life, travelling across international borders is fast becoming a lifestyle of many. Having travel health service as part of health care services is important to address the issues of travel related illnesses among travellers. However, lacks of published guidelines pertaining to travel health service rendering many countries to overlook its importance. The aim of this paper is to review published literatures and authoritative websites on the components needed to develop guideline to establish travel health services. A systematic literature search was done using pre-specified keywords for literatures published between years 2000 – 2016. Literatures written in English and fully accessible were all included. No exclusion criteria was set before the search. Online authoritative websites pertaining to travel health were also referred. A total of six literatures ranging from expert opinion, review paper and original study, together with three authoritative websites related to travel health were reviewed. Among the important components needed to be considered for developing the guideline for establishing travel health services are to prioritise pre-travel health service, to set up specialised travel health clinic, to produce travel health/medicine specialist, to emphasize on continuous education and training of the practitioners and to apply multiagency and multidisciplinary approach with adequate fund for research in travel health. As a conclusion, policy makers should prioritise and select the most important components in developing guideline for travel health service.
EFFECTS OF INAPPROPRIATE WASTE MANAGEMENT ON HEALTH: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE AMONG MALAYSIAN POPULATION
Authors: Redhwan Ahmed Al-Naggar  , Mahfoudh A.M Abdulghani  , Mahmoud Abdullah Al-Areefi
Published: May 2020

Numerous health issues can arise from improper domestic waste management. Uncollected wastes provide food and breeding sites for insect, bird and rodent which can expose the community to vector borne disease. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the community awareness towards domestic waste management. This study is a cross-sectional study conducted at Bandar Baru Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. The questionnaire consists of five sections with a total of 57 questions. The questionnaire consists of four parts: Socio-demographic, knowledge, attitude and practice. The data were analysed using SPSS version 22.0. T-test, ANOVA test, Chi-squared test were used according to the type of variables and significance level will be taken at 95% or p-value of less than 0.05. A total of 355 respondents participated in this study. The mean age was 40.52 ±14.94. The majority of them were male (52.1%), Malay (71.0%), married (71.3%), with secondary educational (81%) and employed (41.1%). The majority of respondents mentioned that inappropriate waste management can cause dengue fever and leptospirosis (98.0%, 97.2%; respectively). Property type, education, occupation, ethnicity, religions and household income were significant influenced the knowledge of the participants towards domestic waste management. For attitude, gender, education, ethnicity, religion and income significantly influenced the attitude of the participants towards domestic waste management. For practice, ethnicity, religion and occupation were significantly influenced the practice of the participants towards domestic waste management. In conclusion, the community has moderate awareness of domestic waste management. Awareness of waste management should also be taught in school so that the next generation of people will have a better understanding and eventually have better practice in domestic waste management. It is also hoped that a carefully thought-out strategy can be developed to further improve the community awareness towards domestic waste management which will shed a new light on tackling this issue.
LATRINE USE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG RURAL COMMUNITY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Vera Yulyani  , Dina Dwi N  , Dina Kurnia
Published: May 2020

Indonesia is the second-most-populated country still practicing open defecation. The low utilization of latrines is a big problem that can affect human health and the environment. Several sub-districts in Tanggamus Regency have the lowest reported use of a latrine. This study aimed to determine associated factors of latrine usage in Tanggamus Regency in 2017.. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 399 households in Tanggamus Regency, Lampung. Sampling was proportional to the total number of household in 20 sub-districts. Respondents were interviewed by a structured questionnaire . Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0. The study observed that a majority (55.6%) of the respondents used a latrine; furthermore, more than half of all respondents indicated good knowledge (55.9%), positive attitude (57.4%), good economic status (56.1%), access to a proper latrine (57.6%), good support from health office (55.4%), and availability of clean water (53.4%). Multivariate analysis showed that attitude was the most dominant factor related to the utilization of latrine (P<0.05 and adj OR=3.2). Encouraging communities to translate their positive attitudes into the behavior was very important. Policies, community leaders, and heads of households should all be influenced to change community attitudes to drive consistent latrine use.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF CONTRACEPTION AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA
Authors: Ma Saung Oo  , Nursyahira Binti Mohd Ismail  , Wei Rou Ean  , Habibah Abdul Hamid  , Nik Rafiza Affendi
Published: May 2020

The incidence of unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion are significantly high due to the lack of knowledge and negative attitude towards contraception and it can be prevented by effective and appropriate contraceptive knowledge and usage.  Considering the future role of medical students as family planning educator as well as counsellors, it is not only important to determine their knowledge, attitude and perception towards contraception but also should be updated for improvement on the quality of future healthcare professionals on contraceptive knowledge which may lead to the reduction in the number of unintended pregnancy with improving maternal morbidity and mortality. This was a cross sectional study using self-reported questionnaires survey that consists of four sections as socio-demographic characteristics information, knowledge towards contraception, attitude towards contraception, and perception of education and training in sexual and reproductive health among medical student. Questions were, distributed among medical students in Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and analyzed. The response rate was 100%. and most of the respondents in this study were Malay (64·4%), female (68·3%), single (98·6%) and live in urban area (69·1%). Most of their parents had tertiary education level (father educational level, 63·3%; mother educational level, 50·0%). 56·1% of the respondents had poor level of knowledge and 59.2% of them had negative attitude towards contraception. Regarding the perception on contraception, most of the respondents thought that they did not have sufficient clinical practice (50·4%) though adequate training (57·6%) in counselling the patients for family planning service during their clinical posting. There was a significant association between gender, place of birth, ethnicity, marital status, father educational status and level of knowledge. There were a higher percentage of respondents who had poor knowledge and negative attitude towards contraception. Assessing the knowledge and attitude of medical students on contraception and their relationship with socio-demographic characteristics and socio-economic factors plays a leading role in public health projects which are aimed to combat maternal mortality through reducing unintended pregnancies. To change the attitude towards contraception and further increase the level of knowledge of contraception among medical students, collaborated health education and similar studies among health workers are highly recommended.
FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES AND INVOLUNTARY JOB ABSENTEEISM AMONG NURSES IN TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Nur Adibah Mat Saruan  , Hanizah Mohd Yusoff  , Mohd Fadhli Mohd Fauzi
Published: May 2020

Dual competing responsibilities between work and family are the challenges faced by most of the healthcare staff. Ineffective handling of these responsibilities may contribute to absenteeism which further disrupt the quality of work and reduce customer satisfaction. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of job absenteeism and to identify the association between family responsibilities and job absenteeism among nurses in teaching hospital.  This was a cross sectional study targeted to nurses working in medical and surgical field based in a hospital. Questionnaires were distributed using stratified random sampling. Those with working services of less than one year were excluded. The mean age was 35.9 (SD=6.44) years old. Majority were female (94.0%) and Malay (96.0%). The one-year prevalence of absenteeism was 78.0% and majority were due to emergency leaves. Taking care of elderly and no help obtained for taking care of child showed significant associations with job absenteeism which both yielded four times higher odds for being absent. Employees with additional family responsibilities should receive support by the organisation to prevent further job absenteeism among nurses.
CHILD-ORAL IMPACTS ON DAILY PERFORMANCES INDEX IN INDONESIA: CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION AND INITIAL VALIDATION
Authors: Avina Anin Nasia  , Wulandari Arumrahayu  , Robbykha Rosalien  , Ayu Maharani  , Melissa Adiatman
Published: May 2020

The study was conducted to develop and provide initial validation results for an Indonesian version of the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances measure among children aged 12-15 years in Jakarta. The Child-OIDP followed an established process of cross cultural adaptation. The face and content validity, internal consistency reliability, and discriminant validity of the Indonesian version of the Child-OIDP were assessed by evaluating its psychometric properties. This was accomplished through a cross-sectional study of 502 participants using a random sampling method to select 6 of 287 schools among all public junior high schools in Jakarta. Clinical assesment was done according to the Indonesian version of the Child-OIDP. Result of this study confirmed that the cross-cultural adaptation process of  the Indonesian Child-OIDP was well established. All the inter-item correlation coefficients among the eight items of Child-OIDP ranged from 0.12 to 0.41. The corrected item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.37 to 0.51. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.74. The measure was able to discriminate between different clinical groups in terms of pulpal involvement, ulceration, fistula, and abscess (PUFA), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI). Overall, 64.9% of the participants reported at least one oral impact in the past 3 months. The Indonesian version of the Child-OIDP demonstrated excellent internal consistency reliability and was well able to discriminate between different clinical groups among children aged 12-15 years in Jakarta.
PERCEPTIONS, ATTITUDES, AND RESPONSES TO DENGUE EARLY WARNING AMONG URBAN COMMUNITY IN KUALA LUMPUR
Authors: Leong Yu Kai  , Chai Yan Yu  , Kok Piao Yee  , Siti Nazihah Abdullah  , Tan Qing Hang  , Aida Rahimi  , Mohd Syafiq Yusop  , Fatin Zahidah Ismail  , Nik Daliana Nik Farid  , Lim Sin How  , Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki
Published: May 2020

Dengue early warning system, based on many different factors including climatic factors, is likely to be a useful tool for predicting dengue cases. This study aims to assess the perceptions, attitudes, and responses to dengue early warning among a sample of residents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia as well as the factors associated with their willingness in participating dengue prevention public activity. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among residents of Titiwangsa District, Kuala Lumpur. A structured questionnaire was administered via face-to-face interview. About 75% of the respondents perceived dengue early warning as a useful tool for the community to take preventive measures. However, more than half did not know elevated temperature increases dengue cases. More than 80% wanted to know more how climate can be used to predict dengue outbreak. Willingness of participating in dengue control public activity was associated with age (p<0.001), educational level (p=0.005), perception (p<0.001), and attitude (p<0.001). Perception towards dengue early warning was positive among the urban residents. Majority of the participants reported good attitude with regard to dengue early warning while a minority demonstrated a poor response. Educational level, perception, and attitude are significantly associated with willingness to engage in dengue prevention public activity.
Physical Violence of Parents in Children Age School
Authors: PH Livana , Kurian Midhu
Published: May 2020

Physical violence often occurs in children, especially school-age children. School-age children are able to complete their developmental tasks if parents are able to educate children well, especially in disciplining children, but many parents choose ways to discipline children with physical violence. Physical violence by parents is able to influence the behavior and development of children, but the form of physical violence committed by parents have not been described in detail. Research aims to find out the picture of physical violence of parents in school-age children. This research is quantitative research with descriptive method. The study was conducted in the city of Kendal, Central Java, Indonesia. The study was conducted on 1313 school-age children. Data collection using total sampling techniques. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Data were analyzed univariately in the form of frequency distributions. Research results show shows that the majority of respondents were 10 years old and majority of respondents were male. Parents' physical violence in school children is shown by hitting the child with hands or sharp objects, although parents will calm the child when the child whines to ask for something.

Keywords: physical violence, parent, children age school