bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
System for automated process parameters adjustment of packed absorbers intended for selective gas emissions treatment
Authors: Merentsov N A , Persidskiy A V , Golovanchikov A B , Lebedev V N , Groshev V V
Published: May 2021

The article represents the system for automated process parameters adjustment of packed mass exchange apparatuses intended for selective gas emissions treatment. It describes the flow chart and algorithm of adjustment program of the packed mass exchange apparatus. It also outlines the identification technique for required (optimal) flow dynamic operating modes of the mass exchange packed absorbers. The data obtained through automated adjustment of process parameters serve (are needed) for functioning of the self-adaptable automated mode control system of industrial absorbers for selective gas emissions treatment.
Role of MOOCs in teaching Mathematics to students majoring in Engineering
Authors: Vagaeva O A , Galimullina N M , Liksina E V , Efremkina I N , Lomakin D E
Published: May 2021

The research is dedicated to the features of providing mathematical training to would-be engineers through using the potential of mass open online courses. The article reveals the importance of mathematical training as the basis for forming the professional competence of engineers. A sociological poll among the participants of the educational process at Russian technical universities revealed high awareness of the professors about MOOCs (93.3%), while only 45.4% of students knew about such platforms. The undisputed leader by popularity among both professors (53.3%) and students (34.5%) is the project “National platform of open education”. The reasons impeding the use of mass open online courses are: the lack of spare time, the lack of skills of working in such format, and the lack of regulation for introducing the results of studying at MOOC into the formal educational process. At the same time, analysis of Coursera, EdX, Open Education, Intuit, Lektorium and Stepik platforms showed that, as of January 2021, 150 courses were available in the broad and specific mathematical domains. Intensification of using MOOCs in preparing for academic sessions may increase the efficiency of mastering knowledge and skills in solving practical mathematical tasks, which would improve training of the would-be engineers.
Digital twin in advanced training of engineering specialists
Authors: Masaev S N , Minkin A N , Yu Troyak E , Khrulkevich A L
Published: May 2021

A review of scientific literature showed the relevance of the issue of assessing the training of an engineering specialist. Engineering includes a variety of works that relate to production issues. To assess the training of an engineering specialist, the digital twin of the enterprise is used. The digital twin of an enterprise includes all major pre-production, production and production support processes. A method for assessing the competencies received by an engineering specialist has been selected. The set of competencies is associated with the ongoing processes of the digital twin of an industrial enterprise. The normal mode of execution of the enterprise production processes is measured. The mode of operation of the processes was measured taking into account the new competencies of an engineering specialist. The study proposes a methodology for assessing the competence of an engineering specialist. The assessment of the effectiveness of the training passed by him.
Optical properties of polycrystalline films of lead telluride with distributed stichiometry
Authors: Akhmedov T , Otajonov S M , Usmonov Ya , Khalilov M M , Yunusov N , Amonov A K
Published: May 2021

In this article, the optical properties of polycrystalline thin films based on PbTe with disturbed stoichiometry are considered. It is shown that in PbTe films with a lead excess of 1.2 wt %, the intrinsic absorption edge is shifted to shorter wavelengths of the spectrum, and this is due to the presence of shallow levels in the forbidden band. It was found that in the band of p-type PbTe spectra with an excess of tellurium of 2.8 and 3.8 wt %, there are additional bands with the cutoff energy hw=0.132 eV, which are associated with the presence of free tellurium.
Justification of the parameters of parts of a walnut cracking machine
Authors: Barakaev N , Mirzaev O , Toirov B , Alimov A
Published: May 2021

The article describes the design of the working drum in a nut grinding machine and its design. Depending on the size of the nut and as a result of the experiments, the structure and dimensions of the parts of the nut grinder are determined and the basic procedure for preparing the parts in accordance with the structure is expressed. The rotation speed of the drum was determined taking into account the weight of the nut and centrifugal force. The speed with which the nut enters the device is calculated depending on the speed of rotation of the drum. The determination of this speed allows the machine to work normally, and at the same time increases its efficiency.
Increasing the surface stability of the cutting tool through complex machining
Authors: Fedorov Sergey , Sharipov Jamshid , Abrorov Akbar
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, the application of multilayer coatings is widely used to increase the abrasion resistance of cutting tools. Before applying the multilayer coating, the selected cutting tool was purified in a bath with a disc cutting surface from quick-cutting steel and carried out the process of ion-nitriding or chemical-thermal treatment. In this case, nitrogen and argon ions diffuse over the surface of the disc cutter. Ion alloying using low-energy high-precision electron beams followed this process. The processing was carried out on a single-chamber two-system magnetron installation “RITM-SP-M”. Finishing was carried out by disc milling with Swiss Platit π311 ((TiCr)N-(TiAl)N-(CrAlSi)N+ion nitriding, (TiCr)N-(TiAl)N-(CrAlSi)N(nATCRo3)), (TiAl)N+ion nitriding + ion alloying (NbHf), (TiAl)N, (TiAl)N+ion nitriding, diamond-like coatings).Such multilayer coatings were tested at the Navoi mining and metallurgical plant “Navoi machine-building plant”. Machined disc cutters have been tested on 34XH1MA which is difficult to machine.
The diffusion problem
Authors: Volodina E V , Mikishanina E A
Published: May 2021

The study of diffusion processes is relevant in various fields: chemistry, physics, metallurgy, medicine, and others. The paper considers and solves the problem of diffusion of charged particles under the action of an electromagnetic field in a semi-infinite thin tube. The mathematical formulation is a boundary value problem for an inhomogeneous partial differential equation of the parabolic type. To obtain an accurate analytical solution, the operator method is used. The solution is initially obtained in the form of an image, and then the solution of the original problem is obtained using the inverse Laplace transform. The solution of the test example is obtained, a graphical image of the desired function is constructed in the MatLab software package.
Theoretical background for simulation of the interfacial layer “liquid-gas”
Authors: Ignatyev A A , Gotovtsev V M , Razgovorov P B
Published: May 2021

The study shows that macroscopic approach to the description of surface phenomena used to simulate the interfacial layer as a membrane using Laplace equation allows to calculate the shape of liquid meniscus regardless of the determination of height of liquid elevation in a capillary. The use of van der Waals statements to describe the state of the medium in the interfacial layer makes it possible to estimate the distribution of molecular pressure along the layer thickness. The tensor of interfacial stresses, represented by a set of ball and deviator parts, is determined based on continuous medium equilibrium conditions. The stresses that form the surface tension of the fluid are deviator components of the tensor. As a result, the study provides the expression linking the parameters of interfacial layer thickness and surface tension of liquid.
Reinforcing of polyethylene with carbon nanofibers: an approach to improve CNF distribution via pre-coating of CNF surface by PE
Authors: Petukhova E S , Fedorov A L , Bauman Yu I , Zdanovich A A , Mishakov I V , Matsko M A
Published: May 2021

The article describes a method of the synthesis of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and a technique for obtaining masterbatches, which are represented by CNFs with a layer of pre-synthesized polyethylene (PE) on their surface. Using scanning electron microscopy, it was shown that in-situ ethylene polymerization over the catalyst anchored on the CNF surface allow to evenly cover CNFs surface by PE. Pristine and pre-coated CNFs were introduced to commercial PE matrix. It has been found that the reinforcing of PE with CNFs leads to improved mechanical properties and two times higher resistance to abrasive wear. The application of the proposed approach makes it possible to reduce significantly the carbon filler’s effective concentration and distribute uniformly the filler throughout the composite.
Parallel algorithms for the creation of medical database
Authors: Rakhimov Bakhtiyar S , Mekhmanov Mukhiddin S , Bekchanov Bakhtiyar G
Published: May 2021

Analysis of parallel algorithms for graphics processors allows you to determine the bottlenecks of the algorithm that affect its performance on a particular computing system. Algorithms can be analyzed both at the AGM level and at the level of the CPU-GPU system. Despite the fact that the model does not reflect the overlap of the execution of computational operations and operations of access to the global memory, but estimates the upper limit of the execution time of the algorithm on the AGM, in any parallel algorithms for the AGM it is necessary to reduce this parameter of the algorithm due to the large number of clock cycles spent by the multiprocessor to implement global memory access operations.
Electromagnetic field influence on the calcium carbonate crystallization in the iron ions Fe2+ presence in mineralized aqueous media
Authors: Alimbekova S R , Ishmuratov F G , Nosov V V , Voloshin A I , Alimbekov R I , Dokichev V A
Published: May 2021

The influence of electromagnetic field (EMF), created in the frequency range from 100 to 200 kHz, on the calcium carbonate crystallization from supersaturated aqueous solutions on the model system CaCl2 - NaHC O3 - FeSO4 at 80°C at a molar ratio of CaCl2:FeSO4 (100:1), on the steel surface and in bulk was studied. It was found out that iron ions reduce the poorly soluble scales formed total mass (mainly CaCO3) by ∼12%, both adhered to the steel surface and in the solution volume. Under the EMF influence, the adhered crystals amount on the steel surface in the Fe2+ ions presence decreases by 40% and in the absence by 14%. In volume, under the EMF influence, on the contrary, the crystals’ number increased by 15% in the iron ions’ presence, in the iron ions absence it decreased by ∼ 6%. In the Fe2+ ions presence and under the EMF influence, a decrease in the aragonite formation was noted while the calcite and vaterite content increased.
Solving the circuit equations using tensor decompositions
Authors: Lantsov V N
Published: May 2021

Tensor decomposition methods are widely used for solving high-dimensional and multi-dimensional problems. These approaches have a huge potential for reducing computational costs in the simulation of electronic circuits and in the CAD systems for electronics. Simulation of modern radio-frequency (RF) circuits, especially for RF integrated circuits, is one of the areas of extensive scientific research and development. The main problem of analysis methods for circuit design of RF electronics is the significant computational costs associated with the high dimensions to be solved. This paper shows that the computational costs of circuit design are largely determined by the costs of solving a system of linear algebraic equations (SLAE). The problems of the solving of SLAE are indicated in the paper. Further development of methods for solving and reducing computational costs requires the use of new approaches, one of which is proposed in this paper. The article presents the developed algorithm for converting a second-order matrix into a higher-order tensor. In this paper algorithms and software tools for tensor decompositions, as well as methods for solving SLAE in the representation of equations in tensor format are investigated. The results of numerical experiments and the results of comparison with traditional methods are presented.
The impact of engineering students’ communication behavior on the teams’ performance (case study: Chemical process engineering classes)
Authors: Ibatullina A R , Mingaliev R R , Khusainova G R , Bronskaya V V , Kharitonova O S , Krasina I V , Yakimova J Y , Parsanov A S
Published: May 2021

The activity of modern engineer requires the ability to work in a multi-discipline team and the ability to hand over clearly the professional information to the other team members who are specialists from another field. Therefore, according to the researches graduates from engineering universities lack skills of business communication and team work interaction. That is why the organization of work of future engineers in small groups fulfilling different team roles and the use of moderation methods for the achievement of the effective team cooperation will enable the achievement of the goal of necessary cooperation skills development.
Technologies and services in solving the problem of creating a common digital space of scientific and educational organizations
Authors: Losev V V , Kovalev I V , Saramud M V , Lifar A S
Published: May 2021

The article discusses conceptual approaches to the use of technologies and services for creating a common digital space for scientific and educational activities. The description of the basic processes is given taking into account the application of new approaches. The possibilities of the cognitive model of a participant in the scientific and educational process are considered.
New information technologies in the estimation of the third type systems
Authors: Grigorenko V V , Filatov M A , Nazina N B , Chempalova L S , Tretyakov S A
Published: May 2021

In the middle of the 20th century, W. Weaver, one of the founders of information theory, propose a hypothesis about special systems of the third type (living systems). In the article, W. Weaver directly points out the inability to describe living systems within the framework of determinism and stochastics. However, no one even tried to study the third type systems from these positions over the past 70 years. 20 years ago, we proved the Eskov-Zinchenko effect in the form of a lack of statistical stability of samples of human movement parameters. A new mathematical apparatus is now proposed to accurately describe the behavior of such systems. It is based on an analogue of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.
Environmental monitoring of water quality in the interstate Ural river
Authors: Yessenamanova M S , Kulzhanova G , Tlepbergenova A E , Yessenamanova Zh S , Batyrbayeva G
Published: May 2021

This article analyzes the content of biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals using the example of the content of copper and zinc and oil products in the Ural River, which is transboundary and runs along Bashkiria, Chelyabinsk and Orenburg regions, as well as in The Republic of Kazakhstan, West Kazakhstan and Atyrau regions. An excess is noted for all indicators. So the content of biological oxygen demand exceeds from 2 to 15 maximum permissible concentration, the content of chemical oxygen demand on the territory of the Russian territory exceeds about 2 maximum permissible concentration. The content of heavy metals copper and zinc ranges from 1.5 to 6.3 maximum permissible concentration, while the highest values are typical for the Kazakhstani territory, which is a consequence of the accumulation received from the Russian territory. The content of petroleum products exceeds for the most part up to 2 maximum permissible concentration and more, only in the territory of the village of Makhambet and the village of Bogdanovskoye is it lower than the maximum permissible concentration.
Features of the synthesis of information and measurement systems using machine learning for conducting of environmental monitoring
Authors: Avdeev Yu M , Pakhomova A I , Zolkin A L , Munister V D , Kalyakina V M
Published: May 2021

The article is dedicated to the consideration of new methods for the synthesis of digital environmental monitoring systems, inclusive to the analysis through the methodology of machine learning. The role of circuit components proposed for implementation is considered. Attention is paid to the specifics of the analysis of already measured data and to the memory device of information-measuring systems. The importance of using MS-triggers and logistic regression in analysis of the stability of sensors is justified.
Model of spatial microeconomic samples for assessing of distributed industrial networks performance
Authors: Poskryakov I A , Munister V D , Zolkin A L , Kuzmin M A , Zavialova N F
Published: May 2021

The article is dedicated to the consideration of the basic principles of cybernetics and to definition of a discrete model of microeconomic equivalents of samples of longitudinal (panel) data. The efficiency of the work of elements of industrial production (which have the properties of emergence in relation to each other) is substantiated. The author’s panel model of metric data for the economic subsystems of the enterprise is presented.
Modelling of the reliability of the protection system against voltage dips
Authors: Gladkikh T D
Published: May 2021

Oil and gas production facilities place high demands on the reliability of the power supply system. In the event of a failure of the electrical networks of such consumers, significant economic damage occurs and there is a high probability of threat to the environment. To improve the reliability of oilfield electrical networks, it is necessary to introduce automated systems to eliminate violations in power supply modes. Automatic control systems for operating modes of electrical networks must have high reliability indicators. The paper proposes to assess the reliability of the automatic control system using the event tree method. The development of an event tree makes it possible to evaluate the efficiency of the automatic control systems, to identify elements and control algorithms that do not meet the reliability requirements.
The software complex for biochemical indicators monitoring taking into account ecological background of the region
Authors: Mamelina T Y , Pushkareva A V , Veipan V E
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted review the process of using new methods of hypertonic disease monitoring. The authors suggest to use patient’s immunological and biochemical homeostasis for predicting and diagnosis this disease. It is proved that these data can be used for monitoring and controlling patients. The correlation between immuno-biochemical parameters and the ecological background patient’s place of residence are set. The problem of the design and construction of specialized complex laboratory control based on client-server architecture is considered. For data analysis supposed to be used statistical and intellectual processing methods. For example, in article describes the basic classification algorithm called “k nearest neighbors”. When the size of “training sample” is sufficient the accuracy in determining the class label reaches 99%. In conclusion emphasizes the importance of developing methods for early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease and using the modern methods for data analysis.
Development of an effective adaptive forecasting system based on the combination of neural network and genetic algorithm
Authors: Ketova K V , Kasatkina E V , Vavilova D D
Published: May 2021

The paper is presented an effective adaptive forecasting system based on combining mathematical modeling tools, including neural networks and genetic algorithm. The construction of the neural network structure that is best relative to the selected criterion makes it possible to improve the procedure for finding a solution to the problem in terms of a number of parameters. Each individual in the genetic algorithm is encoded as a vector with data on the number of neurons on the intermediate layers of the neural network. The evolution of the population occurs in the genetic algorithm, information in the chromosomes changes as a result of the probabilistic application of genetic operators. As a result, such a structure of the neural network is formed, at which the convergence to a given level of error of 1.0% is the fastest. Applied calculations were carried out on the monthly statistical data of investments in human capital (education, healthcare and culture) of the Udmurt Republic. The proposed adaptive system, applied to the construction of forecasts of socio-economic indicators, can be used in the construction of development strategies both at the regional level and at the country level.
Analysis of total ozone content for 2010-2019 in Russia
Authors: Stepanova A N , Yakovlev V A
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the annual observation data of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (RosHydroMet) from 2010-2019. RosHydroMet constantly monitors and selects reliable information from various systems: national network stations, as well as foreign terrain and satellite stations, by which data of total ozone content have a high degree of reliability, accuracy and detail. Quantitative indicators of total ozone content over the territory of the Russian Federation are considered, the values of which are expressed by the reduced thickness of the ozone layer. Deviations of the average annual total ozone content from the norm for this period in percentage are also presented in graphic form and corresponding conclusions are made based on the analysis results.
Components of the digital information technology platform of machine-building enterprises
Authors: Belyakov S , Belyakova G , Fokina D , Ryzhaya A
Published: May 2021

This article discusses the components of an information technology platform that allows you to virtualize and visualize all possible ways to support machine-building enterprises. Dedicated components allow enterprises to access the necessary information and analytical tools in real time. Among the necessary components, the article proposes a mechanism for involving machine-building enterprises in cooperative chains, reflecting the order of the integration interaction of regional programs and tools for supporting export-oriented manufacturers of machine-building products with international programs to support manufacturers.
Methodology of development limits and quotas of water use for program of multipurpose utilization of water resources
Authors: Zhilnikova N A , Shishkin I A
Published: May 2021

A methodology has been proposed to substantiate the effectiveness of measures in the development of limits and quotas for water consumption and wastewater disposal for all subjects of the territorial natural production complex, which ensures the distribution of the technogenic load on water bodies from all water users and guarantees the quality of water at the level of permissible discharges and permissible impact standards.
Methods of automated detection of anomalies and nonlinear transitions by autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Averyanov V S , Kartsan I N , Efremova S V
Published: May 2021

The paper considers the possibility of automating the recognition of anomalies and nonlinear properties of objects in different environments by assembling the UAV payload in the form of a nonlinear locator with a minimum participation of the operator in the processes of probing influence. The process of selecting the main flight platform has a number of requirements that meet the required mission, and by its tactics and technical characteristics it is able to fully implement monitoring algorithms. The theoretical basis of the model construction is given and the main parameters for the standard operation of the model in terms of height, speed and required payload set are defined. The regression model of the interval of scanning of terrain areas depending on the speed of the device and the load of the main processor is compiled. The results of the calculations are summarized and reduced to the method of automated detection of anomalies and nonlinear transitions of objects detected as a result of terrain scanning missions. The main operating properties and optimal conditions of external technological impacts of the developed mathematical model are described.
The use of an automated information system for monitoring and metering electricity in resolving disputes between economic entities
Authors: Temukuyev T B , Temukuyev B B
Published: May 2021

The results of the study of the quality of electrical energy using an automated system with radio data exchange channels are considered. The parameters of the quality of electrical energy recorded by multifunctional metering devices showed that, on average, up to fifteen percent of the energy supplied during the year does not meet the regulatory requirements and conditions for ensuring the supply of electrical energy under an energy supply agreement at the facilities under study. The consumer intends to use the obtained instrument data when drawing up a statement of claim to the court to reduce the payment for the supply of low-quality electricity.
New universal inlet chamber for vertical and horizontal spindle cotton pickers
Authors: Matchanov R D , Rizaev A A , Yuldashev A T , Kuldoshev D A , Mirzaeva M M
Published: May 2021

This article provides a versatile suction air intake chamber for vertical and horizontal spindle cotton pickers. The results of field tests using the new universal receiving chambers are presented. The results of field tests showed that the use of the new universal intake chambers reduced the power loss on the fan drive by 1.8 … 2 times compared to the Case-2022 horizontal spindle machine. For the MX-1.8 vertical cotton picker, the weediness of raw cotton was reduced by 1.0-3.0% and crushed seeds by 1.35 times compared to serial receiving chambers.
Static and frequency analysis of the inner frame of the rotary platform of the fuel tank test bench
Authors: Niselovskaya E V , Shkurin M V
Published: May 2021

In the course of the work the search for design solution of optimal variant of internal frame of the rotary platform of the stand intended for testing the aircraft tank in accordance with paragraph 965 (d) of Aviation Regulations AP-29A was carried out, frequency and static analysis was carried out using the method of finite element modeling, the results of calculations are given.
Development of an effective design and justification of the parameters of the separation and cleaning section of raw cotton
Authors: Murodov O
Published: May 2021

The article provides an analysis of the existing structural removal of separation and cleaning devices. The constructive diagram and the principle of operation recommended by the separation and cleaning section of the refinery are given. The results of theoretical studies of the law of motion of a part of the fibrous material along the surface of the guide and the trajectory of falling of a part of the fibrous material in the separation zone are presented. The parameters of the system are substantiated. The results of production tests of the recommended design are presented.
Development of innovative processes at the instrument engineering enterprise
Authors: Andreev D V
Published: May 2021

Domestic instrument engineering enterprises at the present stage of market development are faced with the problem of aggravated competition, therefore, the issues of increasing competitiveness are becoming very urgent. The solution to the problem can only be the implementation of innovative strategies, which will enable Russian enterprises in the instrument engineering industry to compete equally with foreign enterprises. Such a transition to innovative strategies can be carried out only through the formation of a new innovative and technological vector and a radical improvement in the regulation of this area by the state.
Mathematical modeling of power loads in the construction of a parallelogram lift
Authors: Sirotenko A N , Partko S A , Borovkov A S
Published: May 2021

The question of determining the power loads in the elements of the supporting structure of a parallelogram hoist is considered. The design diagram of the lift supporting structure and the mathematical model describing the dependence of the power geometric characteristics of the structure are presented. To simplify the design scheme, not a volumetric, but a flat supporting structure was considered. Equilibrium equations were compiled for each element of the design scheme. The dependence of the angle of inclination of the element of the hydraulic cylinder rod on the angle of lifting of the supporting structure is obtained and the nature of the dependence is shown. The system of equations was solved in matrix form for the given values of the angle of the hydraulic cylinder rod position.
Reference gage calibration methods of probe nanometry systems
Authors: Antsyferov S S , Karabanov D A , Rusanov K E , Fazilova K N
Published: May 2021

Reference gage calibration methods of probe nanometry systems are considered in this work. Existing methods for calibrating reference standards provide high measurement accuracy, but at the same time are distinguished by a high complexity of practical implementation, in particular, the interferometric method, or low accuracy, but with simple practical implementation. Therefore, the urgent task is to develop a calibration methodology that provides a sufficiently high measurement accuracy with a relatively simple practical implementation. The paper proposes a methodology based on the combined use of two methods: a comparative assessment of the step heights of the calibrated gages using one of the probe nanometry systems and the precision measurement of the step height of one of the calibrated gages by computer three-dimensional reconstruction of images in a scanning electron microscope. The components of the measurement uncertainty arising when determining the height of the steps of the calibration standards are investigated. The calculated value of the expanded uncertainty showed that the achievable measurement accuracy is comparable to the accuracy of the interferometric method with a simpler practical implementation. Practical testing of the proposed methodology has shown that the use of calibration techniques developed on its basis provides high accuracy and reproducibility of the results obtained.
RETRACTED: Thermal characterization of composite material plates ceramic/metal FGM
Authors: Karnoub Amer , Parkizdins Koast , Antypas I R
Published: May 2021

The sudden change in material properties across the interface between various materials can cause solid interlayer focuses on that lead to boundary, breaking, and other harm instruments. To address these inadequacies, Functional Gradation Materials have been proposed, through which the properties of the materials are reliably unique. The point of this article is to dissect the mechanical warm twisting conduct of thick artistic/metal sheets. This work presents a layout that utilizes the new cross-over shear usefulness. The mathematical outcomes got through the current investigation are introduced and contrasted and those accessible in the writing. It very well may be inferred that this hypothesis is viable and straightforward for static plate investigation in warm conditions.
Selection criteria for universal measuring instruments for internal dimensions of parts
Authors: Leonov O A , Zh Shkaruba N , Temasova G N , Vergazova Y G
Published: May 2021

The urgency of research on the issues of substantiating the requirements for the accuracy of measurements of linear dimensions has substantiated. The main differences between the means for measuring external and internal dimensions have formulated. The factors influencing the choice of measuring instruments have considered. Specific additional measurement errors associated with the alignment of the measurement line with the hole diameter have described. A comparative analysis of the possibility of using various types of bore gauge to control the internal dimensions of holes during machine repair has carried out. The results of an experimental evaluation of the components of the measurement error of a two-point bore gauge have presented. The criterion for the selection of measuring instruments for measuring the holes of objects of maintenance of machinery and equipment has been substantiated. Recommendations have given aimed at improving the accuracy of measuring the holes of parts during the repair of machinery and equipment.
Improvement of the method of micrometry of cylinder liners
Authors: Lazar V V , Erokhin M N , Vergazova Yu G , Kataev Yu V , Gradov E A
Published: May 2021

The technique and features of micrometering of cylinder liners are presented. The main factors influencing the wear of the cylinder liner and the rules for assigning planes and sections when conducting a micrometer of its inner surface are theoretically substantiated. On the example of a study of used cylinder liners of engines of the Yaroslavl Motor Plant, it was revealed that the greatest wear is manifested in the place where the upper piston ring stops in the upper part of the liner, and the amount of wear will be greater in the swinging plane of the connecting rod due to the action of normal force during pressure distribution at the beginning of the expansion stroke. High wear at the top is also due to high temperatures and lack of lubrication. It was found that the diameter of the upper non-wearing band can be used to judge the initial size of the sleeve hole. The underside of the cylinder liner is subject to wear due to the friction of the piston skirt against its surface.
Comprehensive control method of asphalt concrete compaction by road roller
Authors: Emelyanov R T , Prokopev A P , Vasiliev Yu V , Perebeynos D I , Novruzov V S
Published: May 2021

The research results of the study of the system of continuous control of asphalt concrete compaction are presented. The comprehensive method for controlling asphalt concrete compaction based on the continuous measurement of key process parameters of the rolling process of the mixture: thermal condition, thickness of the laid layer, amplitude-frequency characteristics of the vibration roller system and asphalt concrete bed. The authors present the conditions for performing continuous control of asphalt concrete and the results of experimental studies of asphalt concrete rolling. The regularities of changes in the ultimate strength of mixtures are presented. The graphs of the speed and spectra of vibration acceleration of the drum of the vibratory roller have been obtained, graphs of the dependence of the integral indicators relative to the coefficients of compaction of asphalt concrete have been constructed. The acquired knowledge allows improving the methods for controlling the asphalt concrete mix. Based on the performed studies, the authors propose to use the method of continuous controlling the state of asphalt concrete pavement, as the difference between the specified parameters taken from the sensors, which provides the required compaction coefficient.
Characteristics of the natural conditions of the Karaganda region
Authors: Kenetayeva A A , Usupayev Sh E , Akhmetova A ZH , Kusenova A S , Shaikhova G S , Bogzhanova Zh K
Published: May 2021

Karaganda region occupies the most elevated central part of the Kazakh hillocky area - Saryarka, which is a peculiar and geomorphologically heterogeneous, highly elevated natural country. The relief is complicated by shallow hummocks, river valleys, dry watercourses, holiows with outcrops to the surface of groundwater, closed basins, lake basins. The total area of the state forest fund on the territory of the Karaganda region is 269.6 thousand hectares. High temperatures and lack of rain in summer, the presence of vast steppe zones can lead to wildfires in July-September. Karaganda region is a large industrial center. Main industries: mining (mining of coal, ferrous and non-ferrous metal ores), ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical industry. The share of processing enterprises accounts for 80.1% of industrial production.
Drifting models for evaluating the functional properties of products of innovative value
Authors: Vinnichenko A V , Nazarevich S A , Kurlov V V
Published: May 2021

The article describes the approaches to the analysis of drifting models of the functional properties of products or technological systems. Methods for analyzing the transitional states between modernization and degradation of the potential of a product or a technological system are described. Drifting models are based on the principles of functionally sufficient and functionally necessary states of products.
Key steps for performing numerical analysis utilizing modern software tools
Authors: Magomedov I A , Dzhabrailov Z A , Elmurzaev A A
Published: May 2021

The work was written to outline important steps of numerical analysis. This work presented the guidance to perform any analysis in the engineering design tools. At present, software tools are used in every field, and hence, it is essential to understand some techniques to utilize them. The following work gives guidance from the modeling of a given structure to the applying boundary conditions to it for further analysis. 3D modeling, the appliance of material contacts, constraints, loads and mesh are outlined in this work. Also, the work provides postprocessing guidance. For instance, the use of Sensitive Analysis tool to shorten the time during numerical analysis.
Investigation of the maximum error of motion control
Authors: Nebylov A V , Nebylov V A , Kuznetsov A A
Published: May 2021

The task of synthesizing an automatic motion control system based on the criterion of the minimization of maximum control error is set. The maximum resulting error is defined as the sum of the dynamic component of the error and the component of the error from the broadband interference disturbance. The task is especially relevant for controlling the landing of aircraft, a wide range of guidance tasks, flight control in the mode of following the terrain, in the mode of stabilizing the low altitude of the WIG-craft. The maximum possible value of the dynamic error is strictly estimated from the given maximum values of several derivatives of the input action. These numerical data are easy to find experimentally or based on a priori theoretical research. As for the second component of the error from the input white noise, its quasi-maximum value is assumed to be equal to five r.-m.-s. values. The objective function of the system parameters optimization is investigated analytically for the extremum. The potential control accuracy is determined. In contrast to optimization by the criterion of minimum r.-m.-s. error, the optimal bandwidth of the system is narrower that is better for suppression the interference error.
Determination of processing conditions of 1420 alloy of Al-Mg-Li system by applied temperature analysis
Authors: Agafonova D , Doroshko G
Published: May 2021

The design of airplanes and spacecraft of the new era requires the creation of materials that will be distinguished by lightness, increased strength and load capacity. When determining the processing parameters, the method of applied temperature analysis turned out to be useful and effective, the optimization of the composition and structure was greatly simplified, as well as the very transformation of the obtained experimental data into a ready-made digital form. Thanks to the method of applied temperature analysis, by linking to the periodicity of discrete states, the accuracy of determining the processing conditions of alloy 1420 of the Al-Mg-Li system is increased. The number of rolling passes can be reduced if, in addition to the data of forces, rolling speed, changes in sheet thickness, control of the dynamics of cracking is included. To perform the decomposition of the continuous deformation process of the blanks by scanning through the crack formation elements relative to the temperature axis in agreement with the determination of the sample size change data.
Development of sensor for measuring the aircraft metal parts contact potential difference
Authors: Goncharenko V , Oleshko V
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to solving the problem of determining the electron work function of aircraft metal parts of aviation technology by the Kelvin probe method. The features of the application of the Kelvin probe method for contact potential difference measurement for aircraft metal parts are considered. Requirements for the Kelvin probe developed for measuring the contact potential difference of metal parts are formulated. A comparative analysis of materials for the manufacture of the measuring electrode of the sensor is carried out. A technique is proposed to ensure the stability of the measurement results of the contact potential difference, and the factors influencing it are assessed. Practical recommendations are given for the Kelvin probe development of the contact potential difference measuring on the aircraft metal parts surface.
Application of progressive information technologies in medicine: computer diagnostics and 3D technologies
Authors: Yu Bogaevskaya O , Yumashev A V , Zolkin A L , Smirnova O A , Chistyakov M S
Published: May 2021

The article shows the features of the use of information technology in the medicine. In the modern world, computer technology is an integral part of a medicine. With the help of information technologies, the doctor is able to visualize information at various stages of work, create and maintain a data bank associated with various information medical systems, and have access to expert systems for making a diagnosis. With the support of 3D modeling, 3D scanning and 3D printing, it has become permissible to form medical products that are extremely adapted to the individual characteristics of the person. This article discusses the positive aspects of the introduction of information technologies in medicine and the problems that hinder their implementation, at the same time, some ideas are proposed that are necessary to improve the quality of healthcare.
The evaluation of the possibility of using the acousticemission method for monitoring critical membranes
Authors: Olehver A I , Yu Remshev E , Vornacheva I V , Scherbakov A P , Voinash S A , Teterina I A
Published: May 2021

In the article, the existing problems of production and control of membranes that collapse under the influence of internal pressure are considered. The acoustic emission methodis proposed as a promising method for non-destructive testing of products. The results of full-scale tensile tests and loading by internal pressure of aluminum samples with registration of acoustic emission signals are presented. A pronounced relationship between AE signals and membrane actuation is observed.
Modeling of biosystems from the stand point of “complexity” by W. Weaver and “fuzziness” by L.A. Zadeh
Authors: Eskov V V
Published: May 2021

The founder of information theory W. Weaver in 1948 and the theory of “Fuzziness” L.A. Zadeh spoke about the specifics of the behavior of living systems. In particular, W. Weaver took all living systems-systems of the third type-beyond the stochastic and deterministic approaches. Over the past many decades, no one has tried to test the hypotheses of these scientists from the standpoint of a special information approach to the description of biosystems. In recent years, the Eskov-Zinchenko effect was discovered, which dramatically changed the methods in the description of living systems. This effect is based on the proof of statistical instability of the samples of parameters of any functions of the human body. In this case, an analog of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is introduced in the description of biosystems. As a result, new information technologies and new models for describing biological systems are emerging.
Results of the full-factor experiments of prophylactic footwear construction recommended for patients with insular diabetes
Authors: Djuraev A , Mukhammedova M O , Uzakova L P , Mansurova M A
Published: May 2021

The article covers the results of full-factor experiments of prophylactic footwear recommended for patients with diabetes. Comparative effects results of production determined the optimal parameters of prophylactic footwear are given. The article evaluates the use of orthopedic shoes in patients with diabetes mellitus with a foot ulcer or a minor previous one. Special prophylactic footwear with inner insole have been studied and applied and have been proven to relieve toenail pain in diabetes, thereby reducing the maximum pressure of the toe. The analysis of the dependence graphs obtained on the basis of analytical solutions of the regression equations obtained as a result of the conducted experiments and full factorial experiments is given.
Application of high technologies in modern diabetology
Authors: Sakhabieva E V , Levit S , Musin I N , Lisanevich M S , Tsareva E E
Published: May 2021

Currently there are two types of devices determining blood glucose level on an ambulatory basis: self-monitoring of blood glucose using glucometers (Self-monitoring of blood glucose, SMBG) and various CGM devices (Continuous Glucose Monitoring) - continuous monitoring systems glucose. Nowadays CGM can definitely be called “ECG diabetes” and it is widely used in medical practice to treat the disease. Continuous monitoring of blood sugar level becomes the necessary tool for motivating people to change their lifestyle and it is very important component of effective treatment. With a therapeutic approach from the position of a “gravicentric concept” based on lowering glucose level by reducing the patient’s weight, remission of the disease and complete restoration of carbohydrate metabolism are no longer a myth. According to recent researches the transition of therapeutic goals from blood glucose targets (HBA1C) to metabolic goals (reducing body mass index - BMI) leads to quick results. The interpretation of CGM monitoring data based on a clinical example is described. CGM monitoring shows that in patients with T2DM the coefficient of variability is an easily accessible and most informative index confirming the restoration of functional abilities and secretion of endogenous insulin through metabolic recovery.
Risk identification of calibration laboratories
Authors: Kirimova K V , Sorochkina O Y , Savvin K E
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the identification, ranking and quantitative analysis of the risks that affect the quality of calibration work in the calibration laboratory. The paper used the brainstorming technique, the Ishikawa chart, and the ranking method for research. The results are represented by the Pareto chart. The ranked list was compiled based on the statistical data of the calibration laboratory. The ranked list was used as assessment criteria of risk.
Modeling of a dynamic discrete cellular system
Authors: Opalikhina Olga
Published: May 2021

Cellular automata have found application in the study of discrete dynamic processes of physical reality. The article deals with the evolution of a discrete dynamic cellular system modeled in the Wolfram Mathematica computer environment. A comparative analysis of various variants of the cellular automaton model implementation is given: according to rules 90, 105 and 110. An algorithm for modeling the deformed state of a solid body using rule 110 is proposed. To simulate local structures that simulate stress concentrators, the algorithm is supplemented by generating a sequence of pseudo-random numbers. The simulation results showed that the appearance of stress concentrators corresponds to the transition from deterministic to chaotic behavior of a discrete cellular system. The article also estimates the possibility of using a discrete cellular system to simulate the turbulent motion of an incompressible fluid based on a generalized local balance model. The appearance of turbulence zones can be estimated by changing the pattern of the cellular automaton.