bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Study On The Applicability Of AHO-CORASICK Algorithm In Identifying Tests’ Validity
Authors: Omictin III Ed O. , Gante Jr Rodrigo , Villaflores Robby Rosa P. , Marchan Ma. Bryne Catherine M. , Noblefranca Jr Rodolfo T.
Published: March 2018

Aho-Corasick Algorithm (ACA) is a kind of dictionary-matching algorithm that locates elements of finite set of strings within an input text. It matches all patterns “at once”, so the complexity of the algorithm is linear in the length of the patterns plus the length of the searched text plus the number of output matches. This paper discusses the applicability of Aho-Corasick algorithm in identifying test validity using the standard Guidelines in Evaluating Tests. A proposed Quiz-Zone system was developed in order to evaluate and test the applicability of the algorithm used. Quiz-Zone allows the user to create exam that will check the test’s validity. It also allows the user to choose five types of exam namely: Matching Type, Multiple Choice, Essay, True or False and Short-Answer. The researchers revealed that there are some rules in identifying test validity that ACA can’t be applied. Keywords : Aho Corasick Algorithm, string-matching algorithm, test validity
The role of earnings management in the relationship between accruals and market value
Authors: Aryannejad Nasim , Ghaemi Mohammadhossein , Maham Keyhan
Published: March 2018

The paper aims to clarify the role of earnings management in the relationship between accruals and the market value of companies. Previous studies suggest that some managers, for providing a desirable image of their performance, manage their profits through distorting cash or accruals. Consequently, investors rely on this information and estimate inaccurate stability of accruals which lead to mispricing phenomenon. Finally, the returns earned by the investors will not be equal to the expected return and thus the accrual anomaly will be created.To this aim, two hypotheses were developed and three regression models were applied to analyze the data. To analyze and estimate the models employed, the financial information of 110 companies listed on the stock exchange between years 2008 to 2014 is used. A selective approach to test the hypotheses is studying cross-sectional data.After conducting statistical tests, the results showed that discretionary accruals through which earnings management is done are improperly valued by the market, but the issue is not applicable regarding the non-discretionary accruals. Based on the close relationship between earnings management and discretionary accruals it can be found that earnings management can have an effect on the relationship between accruals and market value.
Impact of climate change on the occurrence and distribution of bluetongue in Europe
Authors: NIEDBALSKI WIESŁAW , FITZNER ANDRZEJ
Published: March 2018

Climate changes may have significant impact on animal health, including changes in the distribution and seasonality of vector-borne diseases. Arboviruses, such as bluetongue virus (BTV), are particularly susceptible to climate change because of their small size and their ability to adapt to variations in the temperature of the environment. Climate also has long-term indirect effects on the transmission of BT via its effects on the distribution and availability of suitable habitats. Changes in BT incidence in Europe have been matched by spatio-temporal changes in regional climates, including the specific climatic drivers of BTV infection. The climate changes are responsible for the occurrence and distribution of BT through their impact on the viral vectors. Changes in climate, i.e. temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind, etc., can influence various aspects of the Culicoides vectors’ life cycle, including survival, population numbers, vector-pathogen interactions, pathogen replication, vector behaviour and, of course, its distribution. Different species of Culicoides have different environmental tolerances, and the optimal temperature and humidity levels for populations of Afro-Asiatic species, such as C. imicola, are different from those for Palearctic species, such as the C. obsoletus and C. pulicaris groups. However, the biotic processes of changing vector roles and distribution have been as important as the climatic process in driving the invasion of Europe by multiple BTV strains. The enhanced transmission of BTV by indigenous European vectors has been instrumental in the spread and persistence of infection in cooler and wetter areas of different regions of Europe after the invasion. The vectorial capacity of Culicoides is dynamic and climate-mediated, making it difficult to state unequivocally that particular species cannot or will not be involved in transmission – even of strains that enter Europe unexpectedly from geographically remote regions. .
Predicting fruit and vegetable processing wash-water quality
Authors: Mundi Gurvinder S. , Zytner Richard G. , Warriner Keith , Gharabaghi Bahram
Published: March 2018

Wastewaters from the fresh produce processing industry are high in solids and organic matter requiring adequate treatment prior to disposal or recycling. Characterization of the processing wastewater, also referred to as wash-water is challenging, as the quality is a function of the produce. Analysis of water quality parameters, such as total suspended solids, total solids, total dissolved solids, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia, and electrical conductivity from different fruit and vegetable operations were analyzed to develop the innovative power function models and ranking system to estimate wash-water quality. The developed models take the form of Y = a(x)b, where Y, a, x, and b are estimate, scale, rank, and location parameters, respectively. The location and rank range from −0.65 to −3.18 and 0.05 (worst water quality) to 1, respectively, while the scale parameters are highly variable. Average and standard deviation estimation models show a very good fit for washing only (R2 > 73%) and washing with processing (R2 > 79%). The models and ranks highlight the degree of treatment required to address protection of surface and ground water and make the water quality conform to regulatory standards, benefiting watershed managers, government agencies, consultants, farmers, producers, processors and technology providers.
International experiences in stormwater fee
Authors: Tasca F. A. , Assunção L. B. , Finotti A. R.
Published: March 2018

Stormwater management (SWM) includes a wide range of services aimed at environmental protection, enhancement of water resources and flood control. Local governments are responsible for managing all these aspects within their jurisdiction, but they often present limitations in generating revenues. Thus, many municipalities have been seeking a dedicated funding source for these programs and practices. This publication provides a brief overview of current legal issues associated with stormwater funding focusing on the most used method: fees. It is a successful mechanism to fund legal obligations of municipalities; however, it must have a significant value to motivate the reduction of runoff. Through literature, we found stormwater fees in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Ecuador, France, Germany, Poland, South Africa and the United States (USA). France had the highest average monthly fee, but this financing experience was suspended in 2014. Brazil has the lowest fee by m², comparable to the US fee. While in Brazil overall SWM represents low priority investments, the USA represents one of the most evolved countries in stormwater funding practices. It was noticed by reviewing the international experience that charging stormwater fees is a successful mechanism to fund the legal obligations and environmental protection.
Speciation of Metal Complexes of Medicinal Interest: Relationship between Solution Equilibria and Pharmaceutical Properties
Authors: Kiss Tamás , Enyedy Éva A. , Jakusch Tamás , Dömötör Orsolya
Published: March 2018

Biospeciation of essential and toxic metal ions, metal complexes with biological or
medicinal activity are discussed in the paper in order to emphasize the importance of the distribution
of metal ions in biological milieu. The exact knowledge of the chemical species present
in the different organs/compartments/fluids/cells may provide essential information about
the pharmacokinetic properties and the biological effect of the metal ion or the drug candidate
metal complex. The transport of essential and toxic metal ions in the blood serum is discussed
first, which is followed by the description of biodistribution of several important metal complexes
with medicinal interest such as (i) anticancer, (ii) insulin-enhancing and (iii) MRI contrast
agents in biological fluids.
Neurodegenerative Process Linking the Eye and the Brain
Authors: Mancino Raffaele , Cesareo Massimo , Martucci Alessio , Di Carlo Emiliano , Ciuffoletti Elena , Giannini Clarissa , Morrone Luigi Antonio , Nucci Carlo , Garaci Francesco
Published: March 2018

Recent literature agrees that neurodegenerative processes involve both the retina and the central nervous system, which are two strictly related anatomical structures. However, the causal mechanisms of this dual involvement are still uncertain. To date, anterograde transsynaptic neurodegeneration, triggered by retinal ganglion cells’ death, and retrograde transsynaptic neurodegeneration, induced by neurodegenerative processes of the central nervous system, has been considered the major possible causal mechanisms. The development of novel neuroimaging techniques has recently supported both the study of the central stations of the visual pathway as well as the study of the retina which is possibly an open window to the central nervous system.
Noxa: Role in Cancer Pathogenesis and Treatment
Authors: Morsi Rami Z. , Hage-Sleiman Rouba , Kobeissy Hadile , Dbaibo Ghassan
Published: March 2018

The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins play an important role in regulating apoptosis,
or programmed cell death, in response to several extracellular and intracellular signals. These
proteins are either pro-apoptotic or anti-apoptotic. The pro-apoptotic Noxa is a Bcl-2 family protein
that belongs to a subclass of BH3-only proteins. Noxa induces apoptosis via p53-dependent and/or
p53-independent mechanisms. While Noxa may play a limited role in apoptosis, it is a crucial player
that interacts with several proteins in the apoptosis pathway, highlighting its importance in the
pathogenesis and treatment of certain cancers. In this review, we will elucidate the mechanisms by
which Noxa regulates apoptosis and review the roles of chemotherapeutic drugs in relation to Noxa.
A Smartphone App and Personalized Text Messaging Framework (InDEx) to Monitor and Reduce Alcohol Use in Ex-Serving Personnel: Development and Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Leightley Daniel , Puddephatt Jo-Anne , Jones Norman , Mahmoodi Toktam , Chui Zoe , Field Matt , Drummond Colin , Rona Roberto J. , Fear Nicola T , Goodwin Laura
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Self-reported alcohol misuse remains high in armed forces personnel even after they have left service. More than 50% of ex-serving personnel meet the criteria for hazardous alcohol use; however, many fail to acknowledge that they have a problem. Previous research indicates that interventions delivered via smartphone apps are suitable in promoting self-monitoring of alcohol use, have a broad reach, and may be more cost-effective than other types of brief interventions. There is currently no such intervention specifically designed for the armed forces.

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to describe the development of a tailored smartphone app and personalized text messaging (short message service, SMS) framework and to test the usability and feasibility (measured and reported as user engagement) of this app in a hard-to-engage ex-serving population.

METHODS

App development used Agile methodology (an incremental, iterative approach used in software development) and was informed by behavior change theory, participant feedback, and focus groups. Participants were recruited between May 2017 and June 2017 from an existing United Kingdom longitudinal military health and well-being cohort study, prescreened for eligibility, and directed to download either Android or iOS versions of the ”Information about Drinking for Ex-serving personnel” (InDEx) app. Through the app, participants were asked to record alcohol consumption, complete a range of self-report measures, and set goals using implementation intentions (if-then plans). Alongside the app, participants received daily automated personalized text messages (SMS) corresponding to specific behavior change techniques with content informed by the health action process approach with the intended purpose of promoting the use of the drinks diary, suggesting alternative behaviors, and providing feedback on goals setting.

RESULTS

Invitations to take part in the study were sent to ex-serving personnel, 22.6% (31/137) of whom accepted and downloaded the app. Participants opened the InDEx app a median of 15.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 8.5-19.0) times during the 4 week period (28 days), received an average of 36.1 (SD 3.2) text messages (SMS), consumed alcohol on a median of 13.0 (IQR 11.0-15.0) days, and consumed a median of 5.6 (IQR 3.3-11.8) units per drinking day in the first week, which decreased to 4.7 (IQR 2.0-6.9) units by the last week and remained active for 4.0 (IQR 3.0-4.0) weeks.

CONCLUSIONS

Personnel engaged and used the app regularly as demonstrated by the number of initializations, interactions, and time spent using InDEx. Future research is needed to evaluate the engagement with and efficacy of InDEx for the reduction of alcohol consumption and binge drinking in an armed forces population.
Key Elements of mHealth Interventions to Successfully Increase Physical Activity: Meta-Regression (Preprint)
Authors: Eckerstorfer Lisa V. , Tanzer Norbert K. , Vogrincic-Haselbacher Claudia , Kedia Gayannee , Brohmer Hilmar , Dinslaken Isabelle , Corcoran Katja
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Mobile technology gives researchers unimagined opportunities to design new interventions to increase physical activity. Unfortunately, it is still unclear which elements are useful to initiate and maintain behavior change.

OBJECTIVE

In this meta-analysis, we investigated randomized controlled trials of physical activity interventions that were delivered via mobile phone. We analyzed which elements contributed to intervention success.

METHODS

After searching four databases and science networks for eligible studies, we entered 50 studies with N=5997 participants into a random-effects meta-analysis, controlling for baseline group differences. We also calculated meta-regressions with the most frequently used behavior change techniques (behavioral goals, general information, self-monitoring, information on where and when, and instructions on how to) as moderators.

RESULTS

We found a small overall effect of the Hedges g=0.29, (95% CI 0.20 to 0.37) which reduced to g=0.22 after correcting for publication bias. In the moderator analyses, behavioral goals and self-monitoring each led to more intervention success. Interventions that used neither behavioral goals nor self-monitoring had a negligible effect of g=0.01, whereas utilizing either technique increased effectiveness by Δg=0.31, but combining them did not provide additional benefits (Δg=0.36).

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, mHealth interventions to increase physical activity have a small to moderate effect. However, including behavioral goals or self-monitoring can lead to greater intervention success. More research is needed to look at more behavior change techniques and their interactions. Reporting interventions in trial registrations and articles need to be structured and thorough to gain accurate insights. This can be achieved by basing the design or reporting of interventions on taxonomies of behavior change.
What Do Germans Want to Know About Skin Cancer? A Nationwide Google Search Analysis From 2013 to 2017 (Preprint)
Authors: Seidl Stefanie , Schuster Barbara , Rüth Melvin , Biedermann Tilo , Zink Alexander
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Experts worldwide agree that skin cancer is a global health issue, but only a few studies have reported on world populations’ interest in skin cancer. Internet search data can reflect the interest of a population in different topics and thereby identify what the population wants to know.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to assess the interest of the German population in nonmelanoma skin cancer and melanoma.

METHODS

Google AdWords Keyword Planner was used to identify search terms related to nonmelanoma skin cancer and melanoma in Germany from November 2013 to October 2017. The identified search terms were assessed descriptively using SPSS version 24.0. In addition, the search terms were qualitatively categorized.

RESULTS

A total of 646 skin cancer-related search terms were identified with 19,849,230 Google searches in the period under review. The search terms with the highest search volume were “skin cancer” (n=2,388,500, 12.03%), “white skin cancer” (n=2,056,900, 10.36%), “basalioma” (n=907,000, 4.57%), and “melanoma” (n=717,800, 3.62%). The most searched localizations of nonmelanoma skin cancer were “nose” (n=93,370, 38.99%) and “face” (n=53,270, 22.24%), and the most searched of melanoma were “nails” (n=46,270, 70.61%) and “eye” (n=10,480, 15.99%). The skin cancer‒related category with the highest search volume was “forms of skin cancer” (n=10,162,540, 23.28%) followed by “skin alterations” (n=4,962,020, 11.36%).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study provides insight into terms and fields of interest related to skin cancer relevant to the German population. Furthermore, temporal trends and courses are shown. This information could aid in the development and implementation of effective and sustainable awareness campaigns by developing information sources targeted to the population’s broad interest or by implementing new Internet campaigns.
Impact of Medication Adherence on Mortality and Cardiovascular Morbidity: Protocol for a Population-Based Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Giner-Soriano Maria , Sotorra Figuerola Gerard , Cortés Jordi , Pera Pujadas Helena , Garcia-Sangenis Ana , Morros Rosa
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels, such as coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease. CVD is the leading threat to global health, whether measured by mortality, morbidity, or economic cost. Long-term administration of aspirin, statins, beta-blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers improves survival in patients with stablished coronary heart disease. Nevertheless, adherence to prescribed medication is poor for long-term drug treatment.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to assess the relationship between adherences to the four pharmacological groups recommended for secondary prevention and the clinical outcomes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with established CHD according to the level of adherence to these drugs in a population of incident cases of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

METHODS

Population-based cohort study of patients with a first episode of ACS during 2006-2015 in the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) database. We will estimate adherence to these drugs. The primary endpoint is a composite of all-cause mortality, ACS, and ischaemic stroke. Bivariate analyses will be performed estimating odds ratios for categorical variables and mean differences for continuous variables. Hazard ratios for adherences will be calculated for outcome events using Cox proportional hazard regression models, and proportionality of hazards assumption will be tested.

RESULTS

We expect to estimate adherence to all four study treatments, the incidence of MACE, and to analyze if this incidence is associated with the level of drug adherence.

CONCLUSIONS

We expect to find that adherent patients have a lower risk of the primary endpoints compared with nonadherent patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

This study protocol was classified as EPA-OD by the AEMPS (IJG-EST-2017-01-2017-01, 07/04/2017) and registered in the EU PAS register (EUPAS19017, 09/05/2017).
A Process Evaluation of a Web-Based Mental Health Portal (WalkAlong) Using Google Analytics (Preprint)
Authors: Song Michael Jae , Ward John , Choi Fiona , Nikoo Mohammadali , Frank Anastasia , Shams Farhud , Tabi Katarina , Vigo Daniel , Krausz Michael
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Despite the increasing amount of research on Web-based mental health interventions with proven efficacy, high attrition rates decrease their effectiveness. Continued process evaluations should be performed to maximize the target population’s engagement. Google Analytics has been used to evaluate various health-related Web-based programs and may also be useful for Web-based mental health programs.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our study was to evaluate WalkAlong.ca, a youth-oriented mental health web-portal, using Google Analytics to inform the improvement strategy for the platform and to demonstrate the use of Google Analytics as a tool for process evaluation of Web-based mental health interventions.

METHODS

Google Analytics was used to monitor user activity during WalkAlong’s first year of operation (Nov 13, 2013-Nov 13, 2014). Selected Google Analytic variables were overall website engagement including pages visited per session, utilization rate of specific features, and user access mode and location.

RESULTS

The results included data from 3076 users viewing 29,299 pages. Users spent less average time on Mindsteps (0 minute 35 seconds) and self-exercises (1 minute 08 seconds), which are important self-help tools, compared with that on the Screener tool (3 minutes 4 seconds). Of all visitors, 82.3% (4378/5318) were desktop users, followed by 12.7 % (677/5318) mobile phone and 5.0% (263/5318) tablet users. Both direct traffic (access via URL) and referrals by email had more than 7 pages viewed per session and longer than average time of 6 minutes per session. The majority of users (67%) accessed the platform from Canada.

CONCLUSIONS

Engagement and feature utilization rates are higher among people who receive personal invitations to visit the site. Low utilization rates with specific features offer a starting place for further exploration of users in order to identify the root cause. The data provided by Google Analytics, although informative, can be supplemented by other evaluation methods (ie, qualitative methods) in order to better determine the modifications required to improve user engagement. Google Analytics can play a vital role in highlighting the preferences of those using Web-based mental health tools.
A Snapshot of Community Engagement in Research in the Context of an Evolving Public Health Paradigm: Review (Preprint)
Authors: Holliday Catherine Maree
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Community engagement is a work in process. Researchers continue to refine the process of collaboration and look to best practice and lessons learned for guidance in this relatively new model.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to provide a snapshot of whether community engagement has been included in the design and implementation of research initiatives in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. The secondary aim is to identify the underlying themes present, to identify theories and tools that drive research.

METHODS

A literature search was performed to identify studies that have been conducted to reduce the weight of the general population.

RESULTS

The results of the study, which focused on the field of weight loss, indicate that scientific and technological advancements are the primary drivers of research. However, these new research initiatives have largely been undertaken in the absence of community engagement.

CONCLUSIONS

The study concludes that initiatives need to adapt to a wider range of stakeholders, develop equitable community engagement platforms and take into consideration.
Participant-Partners in Genetic Research: An Exome Study with Families of Children with Unexplained Medical Conditions (Preprint)
Authors: Katsanis Sara Huston , Minear Mollie A , Sadeghpour Azita , Cope Heidi , Perilla Yezmin , Cook-Deegan Robert ,   Duke Task Force For Neonatal Genomics, Katsanis Nicholas , Davis Erica E , Angrist Misha
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Unlike aggregate research on groups of participants with a particular disorder, genomic research on discrete families’ rare conditions could result in data of use to families, their healthcare, as well as generating knowledge on the human genome.

OBJECTIVE

In a study of families seeking to rule in/out genetic causes for their children’s medical conditions via exome sequencing, we solicited their views on the importance of genomic information. Our aim was to learn the interests of parents in seeking genomic research data and to gauge their responsiveness and engagement with the research team.

METHODS

At enrollment, we offered participants options in the consent form for receiving potentially clinically relevant research results. We also offered an option of being a “partner” versus a “traditional” participant; partners could be re-contacted for research and study activities. We invited adult partners to complete a pre-exome survey, attend annual family forums, and participate in other inter-family interaction opportunities.

RESULTS

Of the 385 adults enrolled, 79% opted for “partnership” with the research team. Nearly all (99.2%) participants opted to receive research results pertaining to their children’s primary conditions. A majority indicated the desire to receive additional clinically relevant outside the scope of their children’s conditions (92.7%) and an interest in non-clinically relevant genetic information (82.7%).

CONCLUSIONS

Most participants chose partnership, including its rights and potential burdens; however, active engagement in study activities remained the exception. Not surprisingly, the overwhelming majority of participants—both partners and traditional—expected to receive all genetic information resulting from the research study.
Remote Patient Monitoring and Telemedicine in Neonatal and Pediatric Settings: Scoping Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Sasangohar Farzan , Davis Elise , Kash Bita A , Shah Sohail R
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Telemedicine and telehealth solutions are emerging rapidly in health care and have the potential to decrease costs for insurers, providers, and patients in various settings. Pediatric populations that require specialty care are disadvantaged socially or economically or have chronic health conditions that will greatly benefit from results of studies utilizing telemedicine technologies. This paper examines the emerging trends in pediatric populations as part of a systematic literature review and provides a scoping review of the type, extent, and quantity of research available.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to examine the role of remote patient monitoring (RPM) and telemedicine in neonatal and pediatric settings. Findings can be used to identify strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in the field. The identification of gaps will allow for interventions or research to improve health care quality and costs.

METHODS

A systematic literature review is being conducted to gather an adequate amount of relevant research for telehealth in pediatric populations. The fields of RPM and telemedicine are not yet very well established by the health care services sector, and definitions vary across health care systems; thus, the terms are not always defined similarly throughout the literature. Three databases were scoped for information for this specific review, and 56 papers were included for review.

RESULTS

Three major telemedicine trends emerged from the review of 45 relevant papers—RPM, teleconsultation, and monitoring patients within the hospital, but without contact—thus, decreasing the likelihood of infection or other adverse health effects.

CONCLUSIONS

While the current telemedicine approaches show promise, limited studied conditions and small sample sizes affect generalizability, therefore, warranting further research. The information presented can inform health care providers of the most widely implemented, studied, and effective forms of telemedicine for patients and their families and the telemedicine initiatives that are most cost efficient for health systems. While the focus of this review is to summarize some telehealth applications in pediatrics, we have also presented research studies that can inform providers about the importance of data sharing of remote monitoring data between hospitals. Further reports will be developed to inform health systems as the systematic literature review continues.
Implementing Internet-Based Self-Care Programs in Primary Care: Qualitative Analysis of Determinants of Practice for Patients and Providers (Preprint)
Authors: Hermes Eric , Burrone Laura , Perez Elliottnell , Martino Steve , Rowe Michael
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Access to evidence-based interventions for common mental health conditions is limited due to geographic distance, scheduling, stigma, and provider availability. Internet-based self-care programs may mitigate these barriers. However, little is known about internet-based self-care program implementation in US health care systems.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to identify determinants of practice for internet-based self-care program use in primary care by eliciting provider and administrator perspectives on internet-based self-care program implementation.

METHODS

The objective was explored through qualitative analysis of semistructured interviews with primary care providers and administrators from the Veterans Health Administration. Participants were identified using a reputation-based snowball design. Interviews focused on identifying determinants of practice for the use of internet-based self-care programs at the point of care in Veterans Health Administration primary care. Qualitative analysis of transcripts was performed using thematic coding.

RESULTS

A total of 20 physicians, psychologists, social workers, and nurses participated in interviews. Among this group, internet-based self-care program use was relatively low, but support for the platform was assessed as relatively high. Themes were organized into determinants active at patient and provider levels. Perceived patient-level determinants included literacy, age, internet access, patient expectations, internet-based self-care program fit with patient experiences, interest and motivation, and face-to-face human contact. Perceived provider-level determinants included familiarity with internet-based self-care programs, changes to traditional care delivery, face-to-face human contact, competing demands, and age.

CONCLUSIONS

This exploration of perspectives on internet-based self-care program implementation among Veterans Health Administration providers and administrators revealed key determinants of practice, which can be used to develop comprehensive strategies for the implementation of internet-based self-care programs in primary care settings.
An mHealth App for Users with Dexterity Impairments: Accessibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yu Daihua , Parmanto Bambang , Dicianno Brad
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

A mobile health (mHealth) system called iMHere (interactive mobile health and rehabilitation) was developed to support individuals with chronic conditions and disability in their self-management regimens. The initial design of iMHere, however, lacked sufficient accessibility for users with a myriad of dexterity impairments. The accessibility of self-management apps is essential in ensuring usability.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to increase the usability of the iMHere system for users with dexterity impairments by increasing the app’s accessibility.

METHODS

We targeted the accessibility redesign by focusing on the physical presentation and the navigability of the iMHere apps. Six participants presenting with dexterity impairments were included in the usability study of the original and redesigned apps.

RESULTS

We observed a lower number of touches needed to complete tasks (P=.09) and time to complete individual tasks (P=.06) with the redesigned app than with the original app; a significantly lower time for users to complete all tasks (P=.006); and a significantly lower error rate (P=.01) with the redesigned app than with the original app. In fact, no errors occurred with use of the redesigned app. Participant-reported overall average usability of the redesigned app (P=.007) and usability of individual modules (P<.001) were significantly higher than that of the original app due mostly to better ease of use and learnability, interface quality, and reliability.

CONCLUSIONS

Improved usability was achieved using a redesigned app. This study offers insight into the importance of personalization in enhancing the accessibility and also identifies strategies for improving usability in app development.
PRODUCTION OF CAMPTOTHECIN FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI AND CHARACTERIZATION BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY AGAINST COLON CANCER CELL LINE.
Authors: A Aswini , C Soundhari
Published: March 2018

Objective: Scientists are showing increasing interest in studying fungal endophytes as sources of novel and biologically active compounds. The present study was attempted to isolate and characterize camptothecin (CPT) from endophytic fungus Aspergillus niger isolated from Indian Piper betel plant and detection of its anticancer potential on colon cancer cell line.Methods: The production of CPT was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography techniques. The effect of CPT on hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) colon cancer cell line was studied by MTT assay.Results: The amount of CPT which is isolated from A. niger was found to be around 0.175 mg/L. Significant death of HCT cells was observed and was non-toxic to normal vero cell line.Conclusion: Hence, CPT can be used as a potential lead compound in cancer research.
EFFECT OF RED ONION (ALLIUM CEPA VAR. AGGREGATUM G. DON) ON SERUM URIC ACID LEVEL AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN NORMAL AND INDUCED HYPERURICEMIC RATS
Authors: Rahmat Asmah , Yen Leng Choo , Abu Bakar Fazleen Izzany , Abu Bakar Mohd Fadzelly
Published: March 2018

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of onion (Allium cepa var. aggregatum G. Don) on serum uric acid level and total antioxidant status of normal and induced hyperuricemic rats.Methods: A total of 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into six groups, and 250 mg/kg of potassium oxonate was injected intraperitoneally on day 1, 3, and 7 to induce hyperuricemia in rats. 7 d consecutively of treatment were given to the rats by oral gavage. Serum uric acid level was measured 2 h after the induction on day 1, 3, 7, and 14. Blood plasma was obtained at day 14 to measure its total antioxidant status. The rats were sacrificed by taking out their liver and kidney for histopathological evaluation.Results: The results showed that onion juice lowered the serum uric acid level in dose-dependent manner. The highest dose (10.5 g/kg/day) appeared to possess the inhibitory effect almost similar to allopurinol. There was an increase in total antioxidant status in a hyperuricemic group treated with onion juice compared to control groups but insignificant. By viewing the histological profile, onion showed to have a protective effect toward the liver damage by hyperuricemia. However, this was not happened in kidney.Conclusion: Onion lowered the serum uric acid level, but its protective effect toward liver and kidney remained ambiguous. Further investigation with the increase of parameters and inclusion of analytical test of bioactive compound in red onion is recommended for the future studies.
STURGE-WEBER SYNDROME: A CASE REPORT
Authors: R Janani , S Kiruthika , Ramachandran Arunachalam , A Kumaresan
Published: March 2018

To report a clinical case of Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) 1 year 8-month-old male child reported to Saveetha Medical College, Physiotherapy Department presented with complaints of difficulty in sitting, standing, and walking. Computed tomography brain revealed unilateral calcification and cerebral atrophy on the right side. Physical diagnosis revealed the child had left hemiparesis with developmental delay. The child had a developmental delay with a motor developmental age of 2 months. As clinical manifestations of SWS are wide, it leads to multidisciplinary approaches. Physiotherapist’s knowledge is important for early diagnosis and to provide an adequate physiotherapy treatment.
EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ISOLATED CONSTITUENTS FROM AREAL PART OF CUSCUTA REFLEXA ROXB. PLANT
Authors: Sandeep Sandeep , Mittal Abhilasha , Mittal Abhilasha
Published: March 2018

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the pharmacological evaluation of previously isolated compounds (CR-1 to CR-5) from the areal part of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. is reported.Methods: The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the isolated compounds (CR-1 to CR-5) from C. reflexa was determined by the disc-diffusion method and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) model, respectively. The antimicrobial activity was performed against four strains Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Results: The results revealed that highest zone of inhibition is measured by compound CR-5 against E. coli. The antioxidant activity is evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging activity, inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) (120.92–76.38 %), respectively. The results indicate that isolated compound CR-1 and CR-2 having IC50 76.38 and 76.94 μg/ml, respectively, showed potent antioxidant activity comparable to standard ascorbic acid (IC50 43.42 μg/ml).Conclusion: This study suggests that areal part of C. reflexa have bioactive compounds for a new antimicrobial and antioxidant drug development.
INCIDENCE OF HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES IN SICKLE CELL PATIENTS FROM AN INDIAN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Chauhan Sima , Swain Santosh Kumar , Sahu Mahesh Chandra
Published: March 2018

Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD) involves multiple systems and is manifested by variable degree of anemia, acute vaso-occlusive episodes, and chronic organ damage. Small case series have hinted at increased incidence of cancer among SCD patients, but no examination of population-based data in Odisha has been reported. Here, we have reported the association of hematological malignancies and SCD in our region.Methods: In this prospective study, we have documented all the demographic and clinical data of sickle cell patients during the past 3 years from June 2013 to May 2016. Simultaneously, the bone marrow (BM) aspiration and biopsy were carried out for all patients. This study was approved from the Institutional Ethics Committee.Results: A total number of 267 sickle cell patients were screened for malignancy by both BM aspiration and biopsy. Among them, 6 cases of malignancies were detected by both BM aspiration and biopsy method.Conclusion: Our study shows a association between SCD and hematological malignancies which could be due to treatment with hydroxyurea or accumulation of multiple genetic abnormalities due to a high degree of proliferative activity of marrow cells.
ANTITUMOR POTENTIAL OF HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ANNONA MURICATA LEAVES AGAINST DALTON’S LYMPHOMA ASCITES-INDUCED TUMOR IN MICE
Authors: P Nalini , Durairaj Brindha
Published: March 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the antitumor activity of hydroethanolic extract of Annona muricata (HEEAM) in Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA)-induced tumor model.Methods: Antitumor activity of HEEAM was evaluated against DLA-induced tumor mice by assessing the antitumor, hematological, and biochemical parameters.Results: The results revealed that antitumor activity of HEEAM was observed in Swiss albino mice at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight given orally for 15 days. The results indicated that administration of the extracts not only increased the survival of animals and decreased the body weight with ascites tumor but also altered many hematological and biochemical parameters. Both extracts exhibited a significant (p<0.05) antitumor activity on dose-dependent manner. Among the two doses, 400 mg/kg of HEEAM dose showed potent anticancer activity.Conclusion: The findings confirmed that the HEEAM possess potent antitumor activity, and hence, it might be used as a natural anticancer agent
SYNTHESIS, IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF 3-HYDROXY CHROMONE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Kamble Pallavi , Wadher Sailesh
Published: March 2018

Objective: The objective of the present study was to synthesize a series of 3-hydroxychromone derivatives and to evaluate its in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.Methods: 3-hydroxy chromones were synthesized using an algar flynn oyamada method which includes oxidative cyclization of 2-hydroxy chalcones in basic solution by hydrogen peroxide. 2-hydroxy chalcones were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of substituted 2-hydroxy acetophenones with substituted aromatic aldehydes using polyethylene glycol-400 as a recyclable solvent. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay. In addition, these compounds were also screened for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity by agar cup method and Poison plate method, respectively.Results: The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by infrared, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity data revealed that all the synthesized derivatives exhibited good activity due to the presence of phenolic hydroxyl group, 4-oxo group and 2,3-double bond. Further, the activity increased with the introduction of a more phenolic hydroxyl group and adjacent methoxy group in the structure. The antimicrobial activity data showed that the compounds possess better antibacterial and antifungal activity which is attributed to the presence of phenolic hydroxyl group and 4-oxo group in the structure.Conclusions: The use of inexpensive, eco-friendly and readily available reagents, easy work-up and high purity of products makes the procedure a convenient and robust method for the synthesis of title compounds. The presence of phenolic hydroxyl group, 4-oxo group, and 2,3-double bond in the structure is responsible for their good antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
A REVIEW OF THE MEDICINAL PLANTS IN BULGARIA – COLLECTION, STORAGE, AND EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES
Authors: A Popova , D Mihaylova
Published: March 2018

Objective: As old as humankind itself, plants have been used as a source of flavor, food preservatives, natural remedies, and ailments. As a part of human culture, medicinal plants are recognized for their healing properties, and the plant knowledge has successfully been transferred from generations to present days. Since natural ingredients enhance safety, medicinal plants’ significance is constantly gaining interest because of the therapeutic phytochemicals that they contain.Methods and Results: The paper offers summarized information about the collection, storage, and extraction practices used in Bulgaria. A brief information regarding the distribution of the medicinal plants of the Bulgarian dendroflora is provided along with a review of the biological activities possessed. The various applications in the traditional and folk medicine are presented.Conclusion: Sustainable usage of medicinal plants plays a crucial to their conservation and increased healing potency. Thus, this paper reviews and emphasizes on the optimal collection, harvesting, and extracting approaches of medicinal plants
EVALUATION OF AQUEOUS FRUIT EXTRACT OF TAMARINDUS INDICA (L) FOR INHIBITION OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-a AND CYCLO OXYGENASE ENZYMES IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL
Authors: Ali Mohammad Daud , Gupta Atul Kumar , Naseer Arif , Mirza Mohd Aamir , Afzal Sabir
Published: March 2018

Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α and cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX) inhibition potency of Tamarindus indica Linn. in comparison to standard drug (indomethacin).Methods: Three plants are selected for the studies, namely: Aloe vera (L.), Terminalia chebula Reitz., and T. indica Linn. Estimation of TNF-α in serum (at 1:10 dilution in PBS) was performed using the immunoenzymatic (ELISA) technique. COX inhibitor screening assay kits were used for estimation of COX.Result: All three plant extracts showed a potent significant inhibition of the COX enzyme as compared to the positive control and standard drug when the animal was administered with 400 mg/kg. These studies indicate that the T. indica plant extract showed significant COX inhibition even at low dose. All the extracts were effective anti-inflammatory in nature, however, T. indica extracts at a dose of 400 mg/kg were found to be most potent. It was found to be comparable with that of Indomethacin 10 mg/kg body weight.Conclusion: The anti-inflammatory activity expressed by all the three plants A. vera (L.), T. chebula Reitz., and T. indica L. Among all three plants T. indica (L) was found to be more active against both TNF-α and COX, and it was comparable to standard drug Indomethacin. Need further studies to elucidate the exact secondary metabolite by which these plants express this activity.
PRESCRIBING PATTERN OF PSYCHOTROPIC AGENTS IN RURAL TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Venkataraman Rajesh , Rayamajhi Madan , Islam Shahinur , N Nanjunda
Published: March 2018

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the prescribing pattern on psychotropic agents at psychiatric department at rural tertiary care teaching hospital, B.G. Nagara.Methods: A prospective and observational study was conducted among psychiatric department (either sex) after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria for the period of 6 months and a total of 300 prescriptions were analyzed.Results: A total of 300 psychiatric patients were enrolled, male 170 (56.67%) patients predominated over females 130 (43.33%) patients. Majority of participants were under age group of 31–40 years (28.6%), illiterate (75%), unemployed (52%), and married (84%). Prevalence of mood disorder 109 (36.33%) was high followed by substance used and addictive disorder 53 (17.67%), schizophrenia 46 (15.33%), and psychosomatic medicine 22 (7.33%). Antidepressant (28.59%) was the commonly prescribed group followed by benzodiazepines (14.81%), anticholinergic (7.18%), and anticonvulsants (7.18%). Tricyclic antidepressants drugs amitriptyline (53.44%) was most frequently prescribed an antidepressant. An average number of drugs per prescription was 2.32 out of which 16.91% of drugs were prescribed by their generic name.Conclusion: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were the most common group, and escitalopram was the most common medication used among the SSRIs. Majority of the drugs were prescribed from essential drug list. This study advocated an overall rational utilization of psychotropic drugs with fewer deviations due to the socioeconomic status of patients and prescription practices of healthcare providers and need to improve prescribing habits to ensure rational use.