bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viewpoints of Residency Program Directors Regarding Depressive Symptoms in Pharmacy Residents
Authors: Putney Kaylee , Gupta Vasudha , Williams Evan , Unni Elizabeth
Published: October 2022

Objective: Several publications have highlighted residency-specific factors being associated with depressive symptoms in pharmacy residents, but no studies have investigated the viewpoint of residency program directors (RPDs) regarding this issue. This study’s primary objectives were to identify potential contributing factors, determine current resources, and outline possible solutions to decrease depressive symptoms among pharmacy residents from the point of view of RPDs. Methods: RPDs were asked to participate in a 45-60-minute semi-structured interview conducted via phone by the primary investigator, recorded, and transcribed using NVivo. Interviews were manually analyzed by study investigators to identify emerging themes. The investigators discussed findings and discrepancies to agree upon thematic interpretations of the transcripts. Results: Ten interviews were conducted between May 2019 and February 2020. RPD experience ranged from 2-15 years. Pharmacy practice PGY1 programs comprised 60% of interviews, 20% for community practice, and 10% each for managed care and ambulatory care. All RPDs indicated increased workload as a contributing factor to depressive symptoms in residents. The inability to accept and utilize constructive feedback and difficulties transitioning from student to resident were identified as contributing factors by 50% of the RPDs. Nine RPDs reported having employee assistance programs, stating the resource was underutilized, and identified the need for additional education regarding identification and triage, not necessarily management, to help residents. Conclusion: This study highlights consistency among RPDs regarding potential contributors to depressive symptoms in pharmacy residents and emphasizes the need for additional RPD and preceptor training to identify and help residents more effectively with these issues.
Design and energy analysis of 100% fresh air based hybrid liquid desiccant air conditioning system – A case study of a thermal power plant TG building
Authors: Siva Kumar Reddy Y , Balasubramanian Karthik
Published: October 2022

Turbine generator (TG) buildings in thermal power plants require chilled water air conditioning systems (CWAS) to control the temperature and humidity of heat dissipated rooms, which are energy-intensive and non-eco-friendly. As an alternative, a novel refrigerant-free 100% fresh air (FA)-based hybrid liquid desiccant air conditioning system (HLDAS) is proposed and presented the methodology to design it for a case study of TG building of 2X660 MW power plant in the most humid climate. The cooling and heating requirements for HLDAS are met with a cooling tower and potential waste heat from the plant. To assess the saving potential of the proposed system, annual energy consumption for the HLDAS, 10% FA-based CWAS (CWAS-1) and 100% FA-based CWAS (CWAS-2) are quantified and compared. The results revealed that HLDAS consume 55% and 31% of CWAS-1 and CWAS-2 power consumption, respectively. Low-grade potential waste heat from the plant is estimated and found to be sufficient for solution regeneration. The proposed system is extremely energy efficient for 100% FA applications where low-grade waste heat is available. In addition to this, since there are no ODP gases associated with the proposed system, the proposed HLDAS is recommendable in view of environmentally friendly technology and indoor air quality (since it is a 100% FA-based system). This work will support HVAC engineers and researchers in designing the LDAS for a given air conditioning application.
Aerodynamic modelling of flapping insect: A review
Authors: Abdul Hamid Mohd Faisal , Filippone Antonio
Published: October 2022

A review of the aerodynamic modelling of insect flight is presented. This paper consists of two sections covering various aspects related to the development of flapping wing and research on the aerodynamic modelling of insect flight. First, we provide an overview of the nature of the flyers, including current issues and challenges related to the evolution of nature-inspired design. The second section discusses some of the techniques required to develop aerodynamic models, seeks to address issues and to identify appropriate aerodynamic modelling methods for the development of insect flight models. Experimental models of flapping wing insect are discussed, followed by numerical models. Finally, we highlight the development of prototypes in insect flight, on the design, sizing and classification of the flying insect prototypes.
Foodways of the Medieval Tibetans on the Silk Road: New evidence from the Miran Site in Xinjiang
Authors: Sheng Pengfei , Zhao Meiying , Dang Zhihao , Allen Edward , Tajie Luo’sang , Ma Tian , Jiang Hongen
Published: October 2022

Located in the Tarim Basin in southern Xinjiang, the Miran site is well known for its so-called “winged angel” frescos and diverse cultural artifacts dating from the Han Dynasty through Tubo Kingdom (~200 BC–900 AD) periods. This essay presents the first integrated archeobotanical and isotopic investigation on the archeobotanical remains at Miran. Our findings suggest that, despite implementing mixed-crop cultivation, Tibetans at Miran became increasingly invested in drought-resistant millet-based agriculture. New seed δ13C data recovered from naked barley and wheat at Miran provide additional suggestions that medieval Tubo people likely employed improved irrigation techniques at this Silk Road settlement.
A perspective on computational research support programs in the library: More than 20 years of data from Stanford University Libraries
Authors: Muzzall Evan , Abraham Vijoy , Nakao Ron
Published: October 2022

Presentation of data is a major component to academic research. However, programming languages, computational tools, and methods for exploring and analyzing data can be time consuming and frustrating to learn and finding help with these stages of the broader research process can be daunting. In this work, we highlight the impacts that computational research support programs housed in library contexts can have for fulfilling gaps in student, staff, and faculty research needs. The archival history of one such organization, Software and Services for Data Science (SSDS) in the Stanford University Cecil H. Green Library, is used to outline challenges faced by social sciences and humanities researchers from the 1980s to the present day. To compliment this history, participation metrics from consulting services (1999–2021) and workshops (2000–2021) are presented along with updated workshop participant feedback forms ( n = 99) and further illustrate the profound impacts that these services can have for helping researchers succeed. Consulting and workshop metrics indicate that SSDS has supported at least 27,031 researchers between 1999 and 2021 (average of more than 1175 per year). A t-test on the feedback form data indicates that participant knowledge in workshops statistically significantly increased more than one scale point from workshop start to completion. Results also indicate that despite our successes, many past challenges continue to present barriers regardless of exponential advances in computing, teaching, and learning—specifically around learning to access data and learning the software and tools to use it. We hope that our story helps other institutions understand how indispensable computational research support is within the library.
Overlay journals: A study of the current landscape
Authors: Rousi Antti Mikael , Laakso Mikael
Published: October 2022

Overlay journals are characterised by their articles being published on open access repositories, often already starting in their initial preprint form as a prerequisite for submission to the journal prior to initiating the peer-review process. In this study we aimed to identify currently active overlay journals and examine their characteristics. We utilised an explorative web search and contacted key service providers for additional information. The final sample consisted of 34 overlay journals. While the results show that new overlay journals have been actively established within recent years, the current presence of overlay journals remains diminutive compared to the overall number of open access journals. Most overlay journals publish articles in natural sciences, mathematics or computer sciences, and are commonly published by groups of academics rather than formal organisations. They may also rank highly within the traditional journal citation metrics. None of the investigated journals required fees from authors, which is likely related to the cost-effective aspects of the overlay publishing model. Both the growth in adoption of open access preprint repositories and researchers’ willingness to publish in overlay journals will determine the model’s wider impact on scholarly publishing.
Beyond the clock: Rethinking the meaning of unpaid childcare in the U.S.
Authors: Folbre Nancy
Published: October 2022

Can parental childcare be described as productive work? If so, is this work reducible to the specific physical activities designated in most time use surveys, or does it include more diffuse responsibilities for supervision, socialization, and management? These questions invite attention to debates over the meaning of work itself, which have been shaped not only by gender and academic discipline, but also by empirical results of diary-based time use surveys. Recent quantitative research strongly suggests that neither the temporal demands, nor the economic contributions of parental childcare are fully captured by conventional measurement of specific childcare activities. The numbers themselves urge us to look beyond the clock to carefully consider how time use categories are conceptualized.
Under-Informed Policy Interventions and Long-Run Damage to the MSME Sector in India: An Analysis of the Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan
Authors: Majeed Mehak , Mushtaq Saeed Owais
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic came as a major shock to the economies around the world. To buy some time in order to plan, execute and implement measures to prevent and face the pandemic, around 50 nations across the globe implemented lockdown. India announced the spring lockdown in March 2020. Given the agile healthcare system, huge population and underdevelopment, the nation had to extend the lockdown. One of the worst-hit sectors because of the lockdown was the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The sector looked forward for economic incentives and packages from the government. In June 2020, the Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan (self-sufficient India campaign) was launched. This article, using the Annual Survey of Industries data, examines in detail how the package was not sufficient to meet the needs and expectations of the MSME sector. It establishes that the MSME sector is the face of industrialisation process in India. We argue that the package failed to address the actual problems in the sector and instead came up with the policies that may well deteriorate the sector further and harm the overall industrialisation process. The major policy recommendation established by the research is strong and honest leadership relying on quadruple-loop learning model.
An Economics Analysis of Employability and Unemployment of Humanities and Social Sciences Graduates in Sri Lanka
Authors: Dayaratna-Banda O. G. , Dharmadasa P. D. C. S.
Published: October 2022

The unemployment among arts, humanities and social sciences graduates has been a significant phenomenon in many countries in the world including Sri Lanka, which has received intense attention from policymakers in recent times in which the fault is often directed at the universities that produce these graduates. According to the Labor Force Survey of Sri Lanka, overall unemployment remained at 5.1% while the youth unemployment rate remained at 23.3% in 2019, which included more than 50,000 unemployed graduates, most of whom were humanities and social sciences graduates. In this backdrop, this paper reviewed the causes of unemployment and the issues of the employability of humanities and social sciences graduates in Sri Lanka. The study revealed that the graduates in humanities and social sciences have not been employable mainly due to the fact that there has been a significant skills mismatch as graduates lack employable skills and attributes. Moreover, unemployment of humanities and social sciences graduates is caused by a number of factors including skills deficiency, occupational immobility, geographical immobility, technology change, a lack of sufficient jobs growth and various structural constraints in the economy. The study suggests that there is a need for significant structural reforms on both the supply side and the demand side to make graduates more employable and employed. While the government is required to play a leading role in these structural reforms to create more jobs for the graduates in humanities and social sciences, the higher education institutes need to undertake a major structural reform of study programmes through a vision that enables them to produce intellectually rich, and highly skilled graduates in humanities and social sciences.
The Effect of Solar Direct Derive Cold Chain Equipment on the Performance of Immunization Services in Health Facilities of Ethiopia
Authors: Tsigu Tesfaye , Temesgen Busha , Mitiku Shiferaw
Published: October 2022

The effect of solar direct derive (SDD) from cold chain equipment on the quality and equity of health facilities’ immunization services is assessed using descriptive and explanatory research design by collecting data using a structured questionnaire from health workers in health centres and health posts of 56 purposely selected health facilities in Ethiopia. Quantitative data were collected from the EPI registry for the year 2014 as a baseline, and a follow-up review was made for the year 2018 performances. It was found that the new cold chain equipment, SDD refrigerators have a positive and significant effect on improving equity (Penta 3 coverage) and quality (Penta 1 -Measles dropout rate) of the immunization service. This helps to reduce the number of zero dose children.
Early Neonatal Intervention: A Newer Conceptual Paradigm
Authors: Goyal Garima , Chetan Chinmay , Patra Saikat , Gupta Girish , Prasad Harit
Published: October 2022

In recent years, improved neonatal care has led to increased survival of small extreme preterm and very sick newborns, albeit with higher long-term morbidities. The aim of our care is not just newborn survival but to ensure comprehensive intactness of the survived neonate. Here lies the role of early intervention (EI) and developmentally supportive care (DSC). It starts from periconceptional period and continues in utero-natal-postnatal periods and beyond discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The strategy should be to provide in-utero environment in NICU to the extent possible, to prevent disability and reduce any long-term morbidity. EI should focus on each and every organ of body and not just brain. EI is a team effort, with mother playing a pivotal role. Kangaroo mother care is the cornerstone of EI. Focused attention should be given to prevent contractures at the joints. To ensure the compliance, a checklist should be devised on DSC and EI and to be followed in daily EI rounds in addition to the service rounds in the NICU.
Kinematic alignment versus mechanical alignment in total knee arthroplasty: An up-to-date meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Gengshuang , Wang Lishan , Liu Linzhou , Zhang Yali , Zuo Lixiong , Li Jianpeng
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and imaging parameters of kinematic alignment (KA) and mechanical alignment (MA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to evaluate whether patients undergoing KA-TKA benefited more than those undergoing MA-TKA.

Methods

Studies comparing the efficacy of KA-TKA and MA-TKA were included after searching and screening in the database, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Database Library. A total of 1420 patients were enrolled in the study, with 736 MA-TKA and 738 KA-TKA. The primary outcomes were postoperative knee function scores including KSS series, WOMAC, KOOS and OKS. Secondary outcomes included the operative time, the length of hospital stay, knee extension/flexion angle, and some imaging parameters. The risk of bias for included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaborative risk-of-bias assessment tool or the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS).

Results

Sixteen studies were included in this meta-analysis (11 randomized controlled studies and 5 cohort studies). Primary outcomes: Knee Society score (KSS, MD = 8.36, 95% Cl: 0.83–15.90) and combined KSS (MD = 15.24, 95% CI: 5.41–25.07) were higher in KA-TKA than in MA-TKA, and other functional scores were not statistically significant in KA-TKA and MA-TKA, including knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), Oxford knee score (OKS), Knee Function score (KFS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes: KA-TKA resulted in smaller medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) and lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) compared to MA-TKA. For other outcome measures, KA-TKA showed similar results compared to MA-TKA, including hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, extension/flexion angle, tibial component slope angle, joint line orientation angle (JLOA), the operation time, the length of hospital stay and ligament release rate.

Conclusions

In our analysis results, patients undergoing KA-TKA benefit as much as patients undergoing MA-TKA. KA may be a viable reference in total knee replacement.
Global value chains and wages under different wage setting mechanisms
Authors: Wolszczak-Derlacz Joanna , Nikulin Dagmara , Szymczak Sabina
Published: October 2022

This study examines whether, and how, differences in wage bargaining schemes shape the relationship between global value chains (GVCs) and the wages of workers while considering both GVC participation and position in GVC. Our dataset is derived from the European Structure of Earnings Survey (SES), containing employee–employer data from 18 European countries, merged with sectoral data from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD). The results of an augmented Mincer-type regression show that under national and industry wage bargaining schemes, greater participation in GVCs is associated with lower wages, whereas no adverse impact from GVCs is observed for workers under enterprise bargaining schemes. Finally, numerous extensions and instrumental variable estimations confirm that the type of collective pay agreement may alter the response of wages to both GVC participation and position.
Media Use, Interpersonal Communication, and Attitudes Toward Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Brewer Paul R. , Bingaman James , Paintsil Ashley , Wilson David C. , Dawson Wyatt
Published: October 2022

This study examines how members of the public frame artificial intelligence (AI) along with how news use predicts “frames in mind” for AI. The study also tests whether news use, science fiction viewing, and discussing technology influence attitudes toward AI independently and in conjunction with one another. The analyses use data from a nationally representative online panel survey. Respondents invoked social progress and Pandora’s box frames for AI, and technology news use predicted mentioning each frame. Use of technology news also predicted change in support for AI, while science fiction viewing and discussing technology were conditionally related to such change.
Prescribing Trends of Oral Anticoagulants from 2010 to 2020 in Shanghai, China: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Chi , Wang Jia , Yang Ya , Ma Er-Li , Lin Hou-Wen , Liu Bing-Long , Gu Zhi-Chun
Published: October 2022

Aim

Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were developed as an alternative to warfarin to prevent thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), prosthetic heart valves, venous thromboembolism (VTE), or other thrombotic disorders. The aim of this study is to explore the trends in prescribing OACs, including warfarin and NOACs, in Shanghai, China.

Methods

Prescription data of OACs were retrospectively collected from Rx Analysis System from 2010 to 2020 in Shanghai, China. Comparisons were made on the trends of each OACs according to different indications, age groups, and hospital grades. The costs and the contribution of individual OACs were also explored.

Results

Growing trends in overall prescriptions for OACs were observed. The prescriptions of NOACs were significantly increased since 2016, while the prescriptions of warfarin kept decreasing since 2017. A highly statistically significant increase in prescriptions of Rivaroxaban was observed from 2016 to 2020 ( P < .001). Despite the price reduction of rivaroxaban in 2018, the total cost of rivaroxaban continued to rise ( P < .001). Rivaroxaban emerged as a preferred NOAC in both indications of AF and VTE, and accounted for more than three-quarters of the total costs for OACs since 2019. Compared with rivaroxaban, the prescription numbers of dabigatran and apixaban were much smaller, and the growth of prescriptions were much slower. Differences in prescribing patterns in different indications, age groups, and grades of hospitals were also founded.

Conclusion

There has been a rapid increase in the use of OAC over the last 11 years in Shanghai, China. NOACs have been adopted rapidly, and have been gradually replacing warfarin. Warfarin remains the top choice for certain patients with valvular heart disease. Future studies are warranted considering changes in the OAC use in a larger scale, as well as the rationality and its influence factors on OAC use.
The Superstition That Mutilates Children in Africa: Exploring the Scale and Features of Juju-Driven Pedicide in Kenya
Authors: Owusu Emmanuel Sarpong
Published: October 2022

Juju-involved pedicide is becoming a frequent crime in contemporary African communities. Yet, sparse empirical studies on the subject exist. The present study explores the magnitude, motivations, and primary features of this crime in Kenya. An in-depth analysis was conducted of ritual homicide reports publicized in three Kenyan media outlets between 2012 and 2021. Semi-structured interviews were then conducted with five academics and activists to gain additional insights into key aspects of the results of the content analysis. The data support relevant existing literature that the worst victims of juju-driven murders are children of low socio-economic background in rural communities. The study calls for traditional spiritualists and dubious religious leaders to be brought under closer scrutiny.
Perioperative Circulatory Support and Management for Lung Transplantation: A Case-Based Review
Authors: Liang Hong , Fritz Ashley V. , Martin Archer K.
Published: October 2022

Lung transplantation (LTx) historically was performed with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or Off-pump. Recent data suggest an increased interest in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as perioperative circulatory support by many lung transplantation centers worldwide. However, there are no established guidelines for anesthetic management for LTx. We present a patient with a history of systemic sclerosis and interstitial lung disease complicated by acute onset of systemic pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure undergoing LTx. We aim to discuss perioperative circulatory support, including ECMO bridge to LTx, and how best to consider the varied intraoperative strategies of CPB vs ECMO vs off-pump during LTx, intraoperative maintenance, and coagulation management.
Assessment of the performance of vascular access for hemodialysis
Authors: de Paula Mariane Amado , Pinheiro da Costa Bartira Ercília , Figueiredo Ana Elizabeth , Poli-de-Figueiredo Carlos Eduardo
Published: October 2022

Background:

Life and quality of life on hemodialysis depends on adequate vascular access. An autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has the best performance, while the use of a central venous catheter (CVC) may have a negative impact on fistula performance and may be associated with increased systemic inflammation. Our objective is to evaluate the performance of vascular accesses in patients undergoing a chronic hemodialysis program.

Methods:

This is an observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study that included patients on chronic hemodialysis for more than 90 days. Patients with an acute systemic inflammatory disease and those with acute cardiovascular illness were excluded. Clinical data, dialysis session parameters, and serum levels of inflammatory markers were evaluated.

Results:

A total of 91 patients were evaluated, 59 (65%) had an AVF and 32 patients (35%) had a CVC. The adequacy rate was 67%; being 67.8% with AVF and 65.6% with CVC. Among the causes of AVF inadequacy, the ones that presented the highest prevalence ratio (PR) were non-mature AVF (PR: 4.055; 95% CI: 2.017–8.151), pseudoaneurysm (PR: 6.580; 95% CI: 3.723–11.629) and presence of hematoma (PR: 4.360; 95% CI: 2.125–8.946), p < 0.001. Among the catheter group, the causes of inadequacy with the highest PR were the presence of access thrombosis, indicating the use of thrombolytics (PR: 11.103; 95% CI: 4.746–25.977; p < 0.001) and infection (PR: 2.984; 95% CI: 1.293–6.889; p = 0.010). Median primary AVF patency was 72 months compared to 7 months of catheters ( p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in serum inflammatory markers between the two groups.

Conclusions:

Adequacy rates of vascular accesses did not differ between the groups, but the primary and functional patency of AVF is 10 times higher than that of catheters. Infection in dialysis catheters is associated with worse access performance. There was no association between systemic inflammation and vascular access.
Primary Intracranial Spindle Cell Sarcoma, DICER1-Mutant, with MDM2 Amplification Diagnosed on the Basis of Extensive Molecular Profiling
Authors: Nejo Takahide , Takayanagi Shunsaku , Tanaka Shota , Shinozaki-Ushiku Aya , Kohsaka Shinji , Nagata Keisuke , Yokoyama Munehiro , Sora Shigeo , Ushiku Tetsuo , Mukasa Akitake , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Mano Hiroyuki , Saito Nobuhito
Published: October 2022

Primary intracranial spindle cell sarcoma is an extremely rare mesenchymal tumor, the molecular pathogenesis of which is poorly understood. Because of the lack of specific markers, diagnosis sometimes relies on ruling out all possible differential diagnoses, often making it difficult to reach a definitive diagnosis. In this case study, we report a 69 year-old female patient for whom the integration of multi-layered molecular analyses contributed to making the diagnosis. The disease exhibited aggressive clinical behavior, requiring two sequential surgeries because of rapid regrowth within a short period. Primary and recurrent tumors exhibited similar histological features, in which spindle-shaped cells arranged in interlacing fascicles without any specific architectures, implicating sarcomatous tumors. In immunohistochemistry testing, tumor cells were immunopositive for vimentin but lacked any specific findings that contribute to narrowing down the differential diagnoses. Seeking further diagnostic clues, we performed DNA methylation-based analysis. The copy number analysis revealed MDM2 gene amplification and loss of heterozygosity of 22q. Moreover, dimension reduction clustering analysis implicated a methylation pattern comparable to aggressive types of sarcomas. In addition, an in-house next-generation sequencing panel (“Todai-OncoPanel”) analysis identified somatic mutations in DICER1, NF2, and ATRX genes. Taken all together, we finally made the diagnosis of primary intracranial spindle cell sarcoma, DICER1-mutant, with MDM2 gene amplification. This case report suggests that even for the tumors with insufficient morphological and immuno-histological diagnostic clues, integration of multi-layered molecular analyses can contribute to making the diagnoses as well as to understanding the rare tumors by elucidating unexpected genetic and epigenetic features.
Norwegian policies to reduce social inequalities in health: Developments from 1987 to 2021
Authors: Fosse Elisabeth
Published: October 2022

Reducing social inequalities in health has been an important aim in the development of the Nordic welfare states. This Commentary presents the development of Norwegian policies in this area from 1987 to 2021. Social inequalities entered the political agenda in Norway in the 1980s, but were mostly defined as a problem for selected marginalised groups. The World Health Organization project led by Michael Marmot was an inspiration for Norwegian policy-makers and the concept of the social gradient was introduced. From 2005, levelling the social gradient in health became a central strategy in Norwegian policy-making and culminated in the Public Health Act 2012. This Act focuses on the structural determinants of health and the municipalities have a central role in its implementation. However, the municipalities are mostly responsible for services providing downstream measures and have little control over social determinants such as tax or labour market policies. The Public Health Act is important because it institutionalises social inequalities as a policy field within public health. Not only the municipalities, but all administrative levels have to contribute to meet the aim of reducing the social gradient.
Event Engagement: Using Event Experiences to Build Brands
Authors: Altschwager Teagan , Conduit Jodie , Karpen Ingo Oswald , Goodman Steve
Published: October 2022

Companies invest considerably in event experiences; however, many are criticised for hosting events without understanding the full extent of their impact, or how to optimise their design. To benefit from event experiences, it is critical to consider not only how customers engage with the event, but also how event engagement transfers to engagement with the host brand to ultimately drive brand loyalty. This paper empirically explores the role of customer event engagement in facilitating brand engagement, within the context of branded marketing event experiences. Surveying attendees of such branded event experiences, six Australian wine brands, running 10 diverse events, agreed to collaborate in the research, yielding a total response of 274 participants. Results indicate that, for emotional, sensorial, pragmatic and relational experiences, event engagement fully mediates the relationship with customer brand engagement. Furthermore, it is the engagement with the host brand, rather than engagement with the event, that facilitates the effect on behavioural intentions of loyalty. These findings suggest that viewing engagement with a single focus (i.e., only event or only brand engagement) provides limited insight and does not uncover the true impact of event experiences; it is only through exploring the interrelationships between the engagement foci that we can truly understand how event experiences impact behavioural brand loyalty. This offers important managerial implications to facilitate engagement transfer (i.e., between event and brand), while drawing on associative network theory to explain how customer engagement spills over from the event to the brand and better account for the interdependence across engagement objects.
Speculative approaches in social science and design research: Methodological implications of working in ‘the gap’ of uncertainty
Authors: Meskus Mianna , Tikka Emilia
Published: October 2022

Recent studies in design research and science and technology studies (STS) have investigated how speculative thinking might be applied in empirical contexts. A unifying feature of speculative approaches has been an interest in futures as mediated, shaped and conditioned by science and technology. Yet concrete methodological conditions of speculative research events remain under-explored. There is a need for a more nuanced understanding of speculation ‘as it works’. While speculation does not constitute a unified method or analytical grid with a defined set of elements, speculative research is not innocently playful or free of methodological constraints. Speculation denotes here philosophically driven knowledge production conducted with research participants on science, technology and futures. Based on experiences of two social science and two design research cases in cellular reprogramming and genomic engineering, we illustrate and theorize our methodological observations on what takes place in speculative practices with participants. Drawing on Whitehead’s and Stengers’ conceptual work on experiential practices of knowing, we develop the concept of ‘the gap’ to describe the mode of speculative engagement that shapes concrete relations and positioning in research events. Contingent and situated, the gap of speculative action builds on openness, uncertainty and hesitation. Achieving the gap is the aim of speculative engagement and also a methodologically elusive, risky part of the study process. The concept of the gap helps illustrate what researchers ask from participants in the name of speculative openness, and how participants position themselves in these encounters. It allows us to highlight how participants, in turn, invite researchers to reposition themselves and demand experiential involvement that may reconfigure the course of the study.
Fieldwork, participation, and unique-adequacy-in-action
Authors: Smith Robin James
Published: October 2022

This article is concerned with the ethnomethodological principle of unique adequacy. The unique adequacy requirement of methods requires that the researcher gains ‘vulgar competency’ in the practice(s) being studied, and, in the strong version, produces findings that are findings for members. In engaging with some existing critiques of the requirement, I draw from an ongoing participant study of the work of mountain rescue with the aim of considering matters of participation, observation, analysis and competency at the worksite itself. By attending to the lived detail of the field/worksite, I make a recommendation for an attention to what I am calling unique-adequacy-in-action. Here, then, I describe how my own participation at the scene (a technical rescue training session) demonstrates my hybrid status as member/observer/analyst and how unique adequacy is an observable resource in members’ own assessments of competency. In doing so, I aim to recover the radicality of Garfinkel’s later writings and resist the treatment of the requirement as a narrow methodological stipulation.
In situ deposition of Ag/Zn-MOFs on the surface of non-woven fabrics for effective antibacterial activity
Authors: Zhu Yao , Mao Kaili , Rong Jian , Zheng Yunhua , Zhang Tao , Yang Dongya , Qiu Fengxian
Published: October 2022

Metal-organic frameworks nanocomposites emerged as a novel functional material that has been reported to combine with metal nanoparticles for enhancing antibacterial activity through synergy. Herein, Ag nanoparticles and zinc-metal-organic frameworks nanocomposites are successfully in-situ synthesized on the surface of non-woven fabrics carrier via solution-immerse-growth method. The obtained product (ZA/NWF) shows superior utilization of visible light than the sample that prepared without Ag nanoparticles. Moreover, the generated reactive oxygen species by ZA/NWF is also more abundant, which indicates the effective visible light utilization of the as-obtained material. ZA/NWF shows considerable bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli with a nearly 100% bactericidal rate under visible light illumination, which is significantly higher than that of Zn2+ (70.3%) and 2-methylimidazole (71.8%). A proposed antibacterial mechanism suggests that hydroxyl radical (·OH) and superoxide radicals (·O2-) generated during the antibacterial process are conducive to the inhibition of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, ZA/NWF shows comparable sterilization efficiency of over 95% after the sixth antibacterial assay. Overall, a facile and convenient antibacterial material integrated structure and property is presented in this work and the composite with competitive photocatalytic antibacterial activity can be potentially applied in the large-scale antibacterial study.
Effects of acute endurance exercise and exhaustive exercise on innate immune signals induced by mtDNA
Authors: Ge Zhe , Zhang Zhe , Ding Shuzhe
Published: October 2022

Objective: Numerous studies have shown that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can trigger innate immune signaling, and exercise can induce mitochondrial stress. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the influence of different types of acute exercise on the innate immune signaling triggered by mtDNA.

Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice ( n = 18) were randomly and equally divided into three groups. They were control group, acute moderate-intensity endurance exercise group (AMIE), and 3-day exhaustive exercise group (EE) respectively. Mice were sacrificed immediately after exercise. The spleen, liver, and blood were taken for analysis.

Results: The amount of mtDNA in the liver cytoplasm and plasma was significantly decreased after AMIE ( p < .05). However, the amount of mtDNA in plasma was increased after EE (p < .05). The mRNA expression of TFAM, and most TLR9 and cGAS/STING signaling pathway-related genes in the liver and spleen was markedly elevated, whereas the expression of those genes in leukocytes was reduced after AMIE. Furthermore, AMIE significantly decreased the protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in the liver ( p < .05) and STING in spleen ( p < .01). Also, AMIE and EE caused a drop in circulating IFN-β levels ( p < .05).

Conclusion: A single bout of moderate-intensity exercise reduces mtDNA-induced innate immune signaling and suppresses inflammatory responses by decreasing hepatic cytoplasmic and circulating mtDNA. However, repeated bouts of exhaustive exercise stimulate innate immune signaling by increasing levels of circulating mtDNA.
Low and high body mass index and lower numbers of screws in the articular segment are risk factors for non-union of distal humeral fractures in the elderly: A multi-center retrospective study (TRON study)
Authors: Iwase Kenya , Takegami Yasuhiko , Tokutake Katsuhiro , Oshika Yasutaka , Yokoyama Hiroki , Tanaka Kohei , Sakai Tadahiro , Imagama Shiro
Published: October 2022

Background

Distal humerus fracture in the elderly is a challenging fracture for orthopedic surgeons. Non-union is one of the serious complications of distal humerus fracture after surgery. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to estimate the incidence of distal humeral non-union after open reduction and internal fixation, determine factors related to non-union, and compare the postoperative results of cases with non-union to cases with the union.

Methods

Among 423 patients diagnosed with distal humeral fracture and who were treated by surgical therapy in 2010–2020 from our database called TRON. Only 190 subjects met the inclusion criteria. We performed a logistic regression analysis with the presence of non-union as the response variable to examine risk factors. We compare the Mayo Elbow Performance Scores of cases with non-union to cases with the union.

Results

Non-union occurred after surgery in 15 patients (7.9%). The logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index<20 kg/m2 and ≥25 kg/m2, and ≤3 screws in the articular segment were significant explanatory factors for non-union (odds ratio 10.4 and 47.8, respectively). The Mayo Elbow Performance Scores were significantly worse in patients with non-union.

Discussion

Low and high body mass index and three or fewer screws in the articular segment might be risk factors for non-union of distal humerus fracture in the elderly. Non-union is associated with poor clinical outcomes.
The Entry-Into School Health History Intake: The Starting Point for Care Coordination
Authors: Galemore Cynthia A.
Published: October 2022

Many students enter school with a previously diagnosed chronic health condition necessitating school nurse management during the school day. Common pediatric chronic health conditions include asthma, diabetes, seizure disorder, and severe allergy to name a few. In addition, students might present with a less common health condition or an injury or short-term illness requiring school nursing services. Identification of student health conditions originate from a variety of sources, chief among them being school and sport physicals. Yet, primary healthcare provider information may not be provided for all students and, when provided, may not contain a complete health history. Thus, school nurses should establish a consistent method of collecting an initial entry-into school health history intake and periodic updates for all students, along with developing a system to distinguish between parent and healthcare provider reporting of health conditions. This is no small task. The purpose of this article is to discuss principles surrounding identifying students with health conditions, along with providing a sample intake form developed in one state that is adaptable for both paper and electronic formatting collection of data.
Public perceptions of a healthy lifestyle change conversational agent in Singapore: A qualitative study
Authors: Dhinagaran Dhakshenya Ardhithy , Car Lorainne Tudor
Published: October 2022

Objective

Conversational agents (CAs) are increasingly used for the delivery of healthy lifestyle behaviour interventions. This qualitative study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to participants’ usage of a healthy lifestyle change CA and collect their views on areas for its improvement.

Methods

Twenty participants were recruited from a convenience sample of users interacting with a CA promoting healthy lifestyle changes to the general population in Singapore. This CA, Precilla, educated users on healthy living, specifically: diet, exercise, sleep and stress; for four weeks. The volunteers participated in semi-structured interviews where an interview guide was used, with questions on acceptability, satisfaction and critical appraisal of the CA. Interviews were transcribed and analysed in parallel by two researchers using thematic content analysis.

Results

Four main themes were identified: (1) enjoyable and acceptable experiences, (2) suboptimal experience(s), (3) alterations to Precilla for enhanced interaction and (4) suggestions for the future. Enjoyable experiences referenced the CA's friendly personality and important content that motivated a positive change to their lifestyle. Some participants were less satisfied and found the content to be too simple or sometimes, the messages too lengthy.

Conclusions

Participants suggested that in the future, CAs should provide regularly updated content on healthy living, specifically pre-diabetes. Multiple answer options should also be provided for more personalisation along with links to external resources to help improve users’ health literacy. Further recommendations include a necessity for a user-centered approach in CA development, employment of engagement strategies, use of a delivery platform most familiar to the target population and stratified message timings to suit the population and purpose of CA. Translating the health CAs to languages relevant to the target group could also enable wider reach and applicability.
Evaluation of Morphometric Measurements on Preoperative CT Angiograms to Determine Risk of Abdominal Donor Site Complications—A Retrospective Review of 174 Patients
Authors: Shaffrey Ellen C. , Ly Nancy , Seitz Allison J. , Ziemlewicz Timothy J. , Poore Samuel O. , Michelotti Brett F.
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Autologous breast reconstruction remains a popular surgical option following mastectomy; however, it is not without complications. Preoperative CT angiograms (CTAs) are often obtained for surgical planning, and morphometric data such as fat and muscle distribution can be measured. This study aimed to assess if CTA morphometric data predicts abdominal donor site complications in patients undergoing abdominally based autologous breast reconstruction. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed for patients who underwent abdominally based autologous breast reconstruction from 2013 to 2018. Along with population and operative characteristics, preoperative morphometric variables were assessed for the following: subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, skeletal muscle area and index, rectus and psoas cross-sectional area, and bone density. Statistical comparison to abdominal donor site complications was performed using logistic regression analysis for every 100-unit change. Results: A total of 174 patients were included in this study. Visceral adipose tissue was significantly associated with the development of infection ( P = .005), epidermolysis ( P = .031), and seroma ( P = .04). Subcutaneous adipose tissue, skeletal muscle index, cross-sectional muscle area, and bone density were not associated with abdominal donor site complications. Obesity ( P = .024), history of smoking ( P = .049), and the number of perforators harvested ( P = .035) significantly increased the likelihood of delayed abdominal healing. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that increased visceral adipose tissue, as measured by CTA, is significantly associated with an increased risk of abdominal donor site complications. CTA morphometric data and identifying high-risk patient characteristics can help guide preoperative counseling and better inform surgical risks.
Winners and Losers: An Introduction to Product Management
Authors: Young Stephen P. , Baker Vicki L.
Published: October 2022

Managers are essential in the strategy-making process and often use the launch of new products to aide in the advancement of their selected organizations. This article links current management curriculum with the role of the product manager, introduces students to the concepts of strategy and product management, and encourages students to think about the importance of new products. This is accomplished through an open-ended exploration of product design, pricing, and target market reactions while providing the opportunity to foster teamwork and creative thinking in the classroom. This exercise gives students the opportunity to analyze a product and pitch their product in the role of a product manager. During the exercise debrief, students learn how their given product was viewed by a target market and are challenged to think about what makes a successful strategic decision.
Coats Plus Syndrome in a Premature Infant, With a Focus on Management
Authors: Sears Avery E. , Awh Caroline C. , Kunhiabdullah Shafeeque , Sears Jonathan E. , Mammo Danny A.
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

A premature infant was diagnosed with Coats plus syndrome based on a genetic evaluation showing biallelic heterozygous pathogenic CTC1 variants.

Methods:

A case study was performed, including findings and interventions.

Results:

A premature infant born 30 weeks gestational age weighing 817 g was evaluated for retinopathy of prematurity at 35 weeks corrected gestational age. An initial dilated fundus examination showed an exudative retinal detachment (RD) in the right eye and avascularity post-equatorially in the left eye with telangiectasias and aneurysmal dilations. Genetic evaluation showed biallelic heterozygous pathogenic CTC1 variants, diagnostic of Coats plus syndrome. Sequential examination under anesthesia with fluorescein showed progressive ischemia despite confluent photocoagulation.

Conclusions:

CTC1 gene variants manifest as Coats plus syndrome, which has a clinical appearance consistent with retinovascular ischemia, capillary remodeling, aneurysmal dilation, and exudative RD. Systemic and local corticosteroids in conjunction with peripheral laser ablation decreased vascular exudation and avoided intraocular intervention.