bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Systems Approach for Analyzing Structure-Property Relationships in Thermal Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Kharlamov Yu.A. , Kharlamov M.Y.
Published: July 2022

The short description of traditional methods of thermal sprayed coatings (TSC) structure characterization is given. The main parameters of structure and physico-mechanical properties of TSC, which influenced on their wear resistance are considered. The system approach for analyses of structure of TSC and the scheme of TSC properties prediction is proposed. The classification of structure levels of wear resistant coatings, obtained by thermal spraying, and models of their elements are proposed. The advisability of use of methods of structure-simulation modeling of TSC is shown.
Prediction of Coating Microstructure
Authors: Xue M. , Mostaghimi J. , Chandra S.
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a three-dimensional stochastic model is extended to simulate the thermal spray coating process from droplet impact to coating formation on a solid surface. Process parameters of molten droplets landing on the substrate are generated randomly by assuming that these properties follow normal distributions with user-specified means and standard deviations; an empirical correlation is applied to relate particle velocity V to diameter D and Temperature T. Splat sizes after droplet impact are calculated from an analytical model and previous rules of droplets interactions are improved. Porosity is assumed to be caused by the curl-up of splats as a result of thermal stresses. We use a Cartesian grid to define the computational domain and to track the shape and position of the deposited coating. The surface of the coating and the location of pores within it are specified using a variable known as the “volume fraction”. The model is capable of predicting the variation of coating porosity, average thickness and roughness as a function of process parameters. Simulated predictions agree with experimental observation.
Computational Heat Transfer and Phase Change in Composite (Metal/Ceramic) Particle Immersed in a Plasma Pool
Authors: Bouneder M. , El Ganaoui M. , Pateyron B. , Fauchais P.
Published: July 2022

The present work deals with numerical simulations based on a computational heat transfer model for spherical composite particles typically used under plasma conditions. Results describe heat transfer in mono and two layers steel/alumina particles immersed in an uniform infinite plasma. Time dependent behaviours interacting with phase change occurrence and taking into account the contact quality between the two layers are considered.
Process Analysis of Plasma Spraying of Recycled PET Based on a Heat Balance Model
Authors: Kanazawa Tomomi , Takahashi Yasuo , Ohmori Akira
Published: July 2022

In the present study, waste PET bottle was used as a recycled PET plate substrate for plasma spraying. The plasma spraying process to PET was analyzed by a heat balance model during the plasma spraying for the purpose of determining the optimal spraying condition. It was found that Cu and TiO2 powders could be coated on the surface of recycled PET plate. The implantation of Cu and TiO2 particles into the PET substrate was sometimes observed under a certain spray conditions. Both kinds of Cu and TiO2 particles retained their original spherical shape. Cu coatings were formed when almost copper particles were melted to 1780 K greater than the melting point of Cu. In anatase TiO2 spraying process, heat input to anatase particles adhered to PET was much less than that to adhered rutile particles so that anatase TiO2 could be coated on PET plates. Heat input during plasma spraying is, therefore, very important for endowing wasted PET materials with a new function by plasma spraying of metal and ceramics such as Cu and TiO2. Although the idea about the heat balance is very simple, the analysis is useful for optimizing the spraying process of PET.
In Situ Measurement of Sprayed Ceramics Particles and Supercooling Effects on Splat Morphology
Authors: Shinoda K. , Yamada A. , Koseki T. , Yoshida T.
Published: July 2022

It has been said that plasma-sprayed ceramics particles are often supercooled before the impact on substrate. Some numerical models of the droplet impact actually included the supercooling effects. However, there is no report that has experimentally confirmed the effects on splat morphology. Therefore, in this research, we have mainly investigated the supercooling effects on splat morphology as well as splat microstructure. To achieve this, we developed an in-situ measurement technique utilizing radiation from a melt particle to monitor the impact of single particle successively under plasma spraying. The system was able to identify each single particle, which enabled us to correlate the splat morphology with impact velocity and thermal history of each particle during the impact. Yttria-stabilized zirconia powders were sprayed onto quartz glass substrate by the argon-hydrogen dc-rf hybrid plasma under atmospheric pressure. Waveforms of emissions and thermal history obtained during the impact were precisely analyzed. Especially, we closely examined thermal history during particle spreading to find the recalescence. In addition, splat morphologies were examined statistically in relation to their thermal histories. Based on the measurement, we also evaluated the viscosity of zirconia, cooling rate, and thermal contact resistance experimentally.
Tribological Behaviour of Thermally Sprayed Ceramic Coatings in Contact with 100Cr6 Steel at High Temperatures
Authors: Abdel-Samad Abdou , Lugscheider E. , Bobzin K. , Maes M.
Published: July 2022

Wear and friction properties of aluminium titanate, zirconium silicate and magnesium zirconate atmospheric plasma sprayed ceramic (APS) coatings in contact with 100Cr6 steel were investigated under dry sliding conditions as a function of high temperature. The tribological tests were performed at different temperatures varying from 20 °C up to 800 °C using an High Temperature Ball on Disk Tribometer. The wear scar diameters of the 100Cr6 steel ball were measured by optical micrograph. The cross sections of the worn ceramic coated disks were determined with a Laser Profilometer. Results show that as a result of the higher temperature (up to 400 °C), the material yields more readily (softening effects ) and so adhesion is the dominant wear mechanism. For hybrid bearing, operating temperature of about of 200 °C must therefore be avoided.
Erosion Mechanism of Thermally Sprayed Coatings Depending on Shape and Hardness of Particles
Authors: Yoshida Mitsugu , Tani Kazumi
Published: July 2022

Particulate erosion tests were conducted on coatings of heat/wear resistant materials (Cr3C2-NiCr (HVOF), Fe-Cr–Mn-B-Si (Arc spray), Fe-Cr-B-Si (HVOF)) and comparing materials (stainless steel, carbon steel). The erosion test was given under comparatively mild test conditions such as catalyst impinging in consideration of actual plants. In the previous paper, the particle erosion mechanism on using angular particulate erodent has been conjectured that it was similar to a cutting phenomenon of grinding process between the particle and surfaces with plastic/elastic properties. As the shape of erodent is an important factor as well as hardness of erodent and surfaces, the particulate erosion properties were investigated using three types erodent (angular/spherical silica and angular alumina). The materials of erodent were selected commercially available silica-filler and alumina grit. The erosion wastage depends on the shape and hardness of the particles. We considered the erosion mechanism of thermally sprayed coatings and metal materials depending on the shape and hardness of erodent.
Effect of Micro Pores on Deformation Behavior of Plasma-Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Waki H. , Takeuchi K. , Nishikawa I. , Ogura K. , Kobayashi H. , Ohmori A.
Published: July 2022

It is very important to clarify the characteristic deformation behaviors of thermal barrier coatings. Monotonic and cyclic deformation behaviors of thermal barrier coatings under uniaxial compressive loading were examined. Specimens of plasma-sprayed ZrO2-8%Y2O3 and CoNiCrAlY were fabricated to test the coating materials independent of the substrates. The specimen was fabricated by dissolving out the substrate only at the region of gauge length. Thicknesses of the coatings were 300 μm. The stress-strain response was measured using the laser speckle strain / displacement gauge (SSDG). ZrO2-8%Y2O3 coating showed the nonlinear stress-strain response with a considerably lower elastic modulus which value was about 10% of sintering ceramics. The coating was found to leave permanent strain by compressive loading: the compliance of the coating decreased by compressive loading. The compliance was also found to decrease furthermore by undergoing cyclic compressive load. On the contrary, CoNiCrAlY coating deposited by low pressure plasma spraying was found to show the stress-strain response with insignificant nonlinearity. The compliance of the stress-strain curve didn’t also decrease with increasing the number of compressive stress cycles. It was found that coating with many defects and pores showed stress-strain response with large nonlinearity.
Chip-Scale Packages and Their Failure Analysis Challenges
Authors: Li Susan X.
Published: July 2022

Chip-scale packages (CSPs) make efficient use of space on PCBs, but their small size, multilevel stacking arrangements, and complex interconnects present serious challenges when it comes to testing and failure analysis. This article describes some of the problems encountered when dealing with various types of CSPs and provides practical solutions based on the tools and techniques available in most FA labs. It discusses the causes and effects of package and die related failures and walks readers through the steps involved in decapsulating plastic FBGA packages using conventional etching, polishing, and milling techniques.
Incorporating Comparative TDR into the Device Analysis Flow
Authors: Bethke David , Seifert Wayland
Published: July 2022

Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is widely used to measure the electrical length of conductors. It has also proven useful for isolating failures in ICs. This article describes a variation of the method, called comparative TDR, that overcomes inherent timing limitations and simplifies use. It discusses the basic hardware requirements of the new technique and presents examples demonstrating its use on opens and shorts in ceramic flip-chip packages.
Opening Up Contested Spaces: Interdisciplinary Writing at an HBCU
Authors: Miklaucic Shawn , DiCesare Erin
Published: July 2022

Inequalities in academic writing are not uncommon in higher education and become more complex when we look at the landscape of historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs), which serve a large number of first-generation Black students. HBCUs serve minority students and provide them a cultural connection that they often do not achieve at predominantly white institutions. Such first-generation students face a range of challenges and graduate at lower rates than other student. In terms of academic writing, such students often struggle to develop an academic identity and voice. At Johnson C. Smith University, an HBCU in the heart of Charlotte, North Carolina, all students, regardless of major, are required to complete a senior investigative paper. Many students struggle with this graduation requirement for a variety of reasons, ranging from inexperience with academic writing, lack of interest in the topic, and poor writing mechanics skills A goal specifically in the Interdisciplinary Studies Department is to have students develop a topic they find interesting and engaging. Many IDS students choose topics that address inequalities they have encountered and endured in their life or ones that are specific to their demographic (age, race, gender, sexual orientation, etc). When students are able to research and write about topics they are passionate about, their writing shows marked improvement as they develop a writing voice. As Bean (2011) notes, sometimes it is beneficial to set aside the formal academic writing expectations and focus on the content and context of a paper. This provides students with the message that what they are researching is valuable and they gain confidence in their research skills and thus their critical thinking skills. Bean also notes that when we focus on content rather than sentence-level correctness, the result is often a well-written paper, or one that is improved from the previous drafts. This article focuses on specific lessons learned from our experience working with HBCU seniors and how to apply the practices of content feedback to promote academic writing to help close the gap of academic inequality that many students experience.
The Destiny of “Tradition” in the Modern World: A Comparative Analysis of the Concepts of E. Hobsbawm and S. Eisenstadt
Authors: Obidina Yulia Sergeevna
Published: July 2022

The conflicting assessments of the nature and role of traditions in the modern world stem in part from differences in the use of the term; the specific phenomena that are the focus of each perspective differ in some important respects. This opens up the possibility that seemingly contradictory conclusions about the role of traditions in contemporary societies can be reconciled. The article discusses the role and influence of traditions for the analysis of the modern socio-cultural situation from the point of view of two approaches: the concept of invented tradition by Eric Hobsbawm and the concept of multiple modernities by Shmuel Eisenstadt. The purpose of the article is to give a comparative analysis of the two approaches to tradition, showing that modernity is not a culturally neutral, universal socio-cultural product, but is formed under the influence of many traditions. Based on the method of comparative analysis, it was revealed that the concept of multiple modernities by Shmuel Eisenstadt, as well as the concept of invented tradition by Eric Hobsbawm, contradict the view of the classical theory of modernization on modernity as a break with tradition. At the same time, the meaning that Eisenstadt attaches to tradition differs markedly from that proposed by E. Hobsbawm. It is concluded that from the point of view of the theory of multiple modernities, the invention of new traditions in modernity is better understood as a process of transformation, and that the reconstruction of a tradition is not the same as invention. In both cases, both for the transformation and reconstruction of the tradition, the sociocultural context is important.
National Autonomies of the Peoples of Central Asia in the Volga Region: The History of Creation and Problems of Development
Authors: Nagornova Elena Semenovna
Published: July 2022

For centuries, many peoples have lived in the Volga region, preserving their cultural traditions and languages. The ten numerous peoples of the region are Russians, Tatars, Bashkirs, Chuvashs, Mordovians, Maris, Ukrainians, Kazakhs, Armenians, Azerbaijanis. Ethnic diversity is continued by the Udmurts, Kalmyks, Komi-Permyaks, Jews, Germans, Tajiks, Uzbeks, etc. The purpose of the article is to systematize the history of the formation of public associations of Tajiks, Uzbeks and Kazakhs in the Volga region. Materials from the media were used as sources: federal laws of the Russian Federation on autonomies, information from the official websites of organizations and scientific research on the relationship of peoples. Based on the method of document analysis, it was revealed that in a multinational region, the formation of the unity of peoples is a fundamental task of the authorities. At the same time, it must be admitted that this process is rather complicated and requires the joint efforts of the state and society. To achieve this goal, the state develops legal documents and targeted programs that contribute to the formation of the principles of mutual respect and harmony in society. For example, «Strategy of the state national policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025», «National security strategy of the Russian Federation (2021). It is concluded that it is necessary to continue the work on the development of public associations in order to further strengthen the national unity of Russia, in particular the Volga region. At present, when society often opposes «us» and «them», such organizations are vital.
Literary Translation Into English of Peter Khuzangai’s Poem “The Poet”
Authors: Vasilyeva Svetlana Nikolaevna , Gordeeva Anna Veniaminovna
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to present a literary translation into English of P. Khuzangay’s poem «A Poet» and to make a comprehensive analysis of it. The object of the study is the text of P. Khuzangay’s poem «A Poet» and the literary translation of S. N. Vasilyeva «A Poet». The novelty of the work lies in the fact that a literary translation and a comprehensive analysis of this poem were carried out for the first time. Based on the methods of analytical reading, theoretical analysis of literature, search, contextual analysis, comparative analysis, the language of the work (morphology, syntax, vocabulary, style) is considered and the relationship between the ideological and artistic conception of the poem with its linguistic features is revealed. The methods used in the process of literary translation made it possible to preserve the idea of the poem, the features of the composition and to select the appropriate means of artistic expression. In the work of P. Khuzangay, the philosophical problem of the poet's destiny and his work is touched upon. The composition of the poem is three-part, the size is a three-foot trochee with cross-rhyming throughout the entire poem, the intonation is narrative. The translation was made using the technique of rhetorical exclamation. The temporal organization is interesting: throughout the poem, verbs are transmitted in the present tense. The translation is dominated by complex sentences. As a rule, a stanza corresponds to one sentence. Alliteration and assonance are used to enhance sound expressiveness and achieve speech imagery.
A comunicação entre ouvintes e emissoras da região Celeiro, RS
Authors: Trentin Lidia Paula
Published: July 2022

O presente estudo visa verificar de que maneira se dá a comunicação entre público e emissoras de rádio da Região Celeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, tendo, como objetos empíricos as rádios Municipal AM 620, Província FM 100.7, Difusora AM 1350 e Querência FM 89.7. A partir de observação participante e sistemática nas emissoras pode-se constatar que a ligação telefônica ainda é a forma mais comum de contato com as emissoras, seguida de mensagens no WhatsApp e comentários nas páginas oficiais no Facebook.
O podcast como laboratório de Jornalismo Educador: uma visão a partir de Paulo Freire
Authors: Meditsch Eduardo
Published: July 2022

Este texto propõe a definição de Jornalismo Educador considerando a função pedagógica de todo o jornalismo. Historia a relação do Jornalismo com a Educação como áreas acadêmicas e registra a perda de contato entre elas. Recupera a problematização do jornalismo realizada pelo educador Paulo Freire. Por fim, aponta o potencial do podcast como laboratório para a experimentação de um Jornalismo Educador na perspectiva freireana
O rádio brasileiro no contexto da plataformização: experiências, impasses e desafios
Authors: Pinheiro Elton Bruno Barbosa , Del Bianco Nelia Rodrigues
Published: July 2022

Com uma abordagem metodológica cartográfica, realizada nas plataformas Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Deezer e TuneIn Radio, este estudo objetivou refletir analiticamente sobre como se configura a performance de tradicionais emissoras de rádio brasileiras nesse tipo de ambiente mediático sociodigital. Para além da compreensão do caráter processual e não linear do fenômeno, infere-se que a presença e atuação das rádios no contexto da plataformização têm sido marcadas tanto por experiências integradas e estratégicas quanto por impasses relacionado a dispersividade e ao aspecto irregular de algumas ações, assim como pelos desafios do caráter contingente das plataformas.
Os modos de dizer em dois spots publicitários sobre Fake News
Authors: Lopes Paulo Fernando de Carvalho
Published: July 2022

Resumo: Este artigo analisa os modos de dizer (Pinto, 2002)  em dois spots de uma campanha publicitária produzidos pela Rádio Câmara sobre fake news. O objetivo é identificar como os enunciadores através dos modos de dizer construíram o referente fake news; estabeleceram  vínculos socioculturais com os ouvintes ao interpelá-los sobre o tema e quais afetos distribuídos.  Os spots procuram convencer os ouvintes sobre a importância de não divulgar informações sem antes checar.
Ponderações sobre o exercício de outorgas de rádio em um cenário de crise institucional
Authors: Ferraretto Luiz Artur
Published: July 2022

Formula um tipo ideal para estudar o exercício de outorgas de rádio por emissoras comerciais – especialmente as dedicadas ao jornalismo ou que afirmam fazê-lo – em um cenário de crise institucional, ameaças ao Estado democrático de direito, instabilidade econômica e pandemia de covid-19. Partindo de ideias sobre responsabilidade profissional e negacionismo, debate momentos da abordagem jornalística, por emissoras de rádio e pelos seus profissionais, de fatos e opiniões relacionados à política, à economia e à covid-19, procurando suscitar reflexões sobre o desvio no uso das outorgas públicas.
ANALISIS PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KEJADIAN PENYAKIT DEGENERATIF DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Rizal Achmad , Jalpi Agus
Published: July 2022

Degenerative disease is a contributor to death from non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the last 10years which has increased from 41.7%. The latest survey in Indonesia shows PTM dominates the top 10 causes ofdeath in all age groups, with stroke, which is a complication as the number one cause of death. This studyaims to determine the relationship between length of smoking and coffee drinking habits with the incidenceof hypertension in the working area of the Banjarmasin City Health Center which was carried out in 2019.This type of research is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional research design. The subjects in this studyamounted to 57 respondents, consisting of male active smokers and consuming coffee. Data were obtainedthrough questionnaires and direct interviews as well as physical examination in the form of blood pressuremeasurements by puskesmas officers, which were then analyzed by chi-square test (α=0.05). The results ofthe statistical test showed that there was a relationship between length of smoking and the incidence ofhypertension (P=0.000), and the habit of drinking coffee with the incidence of hypertension (P=0.002).Suggestions that can be given in research are for puskesmas to further increase public knowledge abouthealth through counseling, especially about the incidence of hypertension, for health workers to optimizecounseling about the incidence of hypertension, especially for men who smoke and consume coffee.experience and add insight, and for other researchers can be used as basic data for further research.
PENGARUH BEBAN LALU LINTAS TERHADAP KERUSAKAN PERKERASAN JALAN GUBERNUR SARKAWI KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Lestari Utami Sylvia , Permatasari Rosa Phety
Published: July 2022

Saat ini pertumbuhan penduduk semakin pesat dan tentunya akan berbanding lurus dengan pertumbuhan kebutuhan transportasi. Pada saat yang sama, perlu dipastikan bahwa infrastruktur pendukung penggunaan transportasi dalam keadaan baik, jika tidak maka aktivitas pengguna transportasi akan hancur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan volume lalulintas, skor kerusakan jalan dan beban standar (CESA5) terhadap kerusakan pada ruas Jalan Gubernur Sarkawi. Metode Bina Marga merupakan metode yang akan digunakan, yang mana dengan menggunakan analisis regresi dan korelasi, sehingga untuk mendapatkan hubungan tersebut dengan nilai rdan  yang menunjukkan besarnya pengaruh antara tingkat kerusakan jalan dengan volume lalu lintas dan beban lalu lintas. Dari analisa yang dilakukan mendapatkan hubungan antara volume lalu lintas per jenis kendaraan dan beban standar terhadap kerusakan jalan, sehingga  dari analisa yang dilakukan mendapatkan hubungan terkuat adalah untuk jenis kendaraan mobil penumpang dan kendaraan ringan terhadap jenis kerusakan jalan dengan nilai r sebesar 0,2179, untuk jenis kendaraan 5B (bus besar) terhadap jenis kerusakan mendapatkan nilai r sebesar 0,2184, untuk jenis kendaraan 6A (truk 4 roda 2 sumbu), untuk jenis kendaraan 6B (truk 2 sumbu 6 roda) terhadap jenis kerusakan mendapatkan nilai r sebesar 0,6436, untuk jenis kendaraan 7A1 (truk 3 sumbu) terhadap jenis kerusakan mendapatkan nilai r sebesar 0,2074, untuk jenis kendaraan 7C1 (truk 4 sumbu) terhadap jenis kerusakan mendapatkan nilai r sebesar 0,4498, untuk jenis kendaraan 7C2A (truk 5 sumbu tandem) terhadap jenis kerusakan mendapatkan nilai r sebesar 0,7432 dan untuk LHR (smp/jam) terhadap kerusakan mendapatkan nilai r sebesar 0,8787. Sedangkan untuk hubungan beban standar (CESA5) terhadap skor kerusakan jalan mendapatkan nilai r sebesar 0,7263. Dari analisa yang dilakukan untuk jenis kendaraan yang berpengaruh adalah kendaraan 7C2A (truk 5 sumbu tandem) dengan intepretasi kuat dan untuk beban standar mendapatkan nilai kuat hal ini dikarenakan beban kendaraan yang melewati jalan tersebut secara berulang.
HUBUNGAN ABNORMALITAS DENGAN KADAR ANTIOKSIDAN SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD) PADA TINGKAT PENGENCER DAN LAMA SIMPAN SEMEN MENTOG DI SUHU KAMAR
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Yuniati Erna , Zakir M. Irwan
Published: July 2022

Kualitas semen setelah penampungan mengalami penurunan apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik.    Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  mengetahui pengaruh hubungan Superoksida Dismutase (SOD) dengan abnormalitas dalam tingkat pengencer dan lama simpan pada semen mentog yang di suhu kamar.    Mentog yang digunakan dalam  penelitian ini adalah 4 ekor ternak entog  jantan berumur sekitar 1,5 – 2 tahun.       Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode eksperimental dengan Split Plot pola petak terbagi.   Faktor pertama sebagai Petak Utama adalah tingkat pengencer yaitu 0(A0); 5 X(A1);10X(A2) dan 15X (A3),  faktor kedua sebagai Anak Petak adalah lama simpan  0(B0); 60 (B1); 120  (B2) dan 180 menit yang disimpan  pada  suhu kamar.     Berdasarkan hasil tersebut bahwa pada Tingkat pengenceran dan lama simpan semen di suhu kamar mentog tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap abnormalitas dan aktivitas Superoxida Dismutase (SOD).
Вінницька міська управа (1880–1892 рр.): структура та повноваження
Authors: Щербанюк Дмитро
Published: July 2022

The aim of the work is to highlight the structure and powers of the Vinnytsia City Council as an executive body of city self-government in 1880–1892. The research methodology is based on a combination of special-historical (historical-typological, historical-systemic) and general scientific methods, namely analysis, synthesis and generalization. The research is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity and verification. The scientific novelty lies in the coverage of little-known pages of the history of the Vinnytsia City Council through the analysis of archival documents, the vast majority of which were first introduced by the author into scientific circulation. Conclusions. At the end of the XIX century the city of Vinnytsia achieved significant development in the economic, demographic and humanitarian spheres. The growth of these aspects of urban life is associated with the reforms of city self-government in 1870 and 1890. The feudal basis of pre-reform city government, considerable centralization, and a confusing system of laws hindered the work of local authorities. Initiated from above, the city reform was designed to address all these shortcomings. However, the state expected the reformed city government not only to improve the urban space, but also to perform general imperial functions. That is why, calling the management of cities "public administration", the state tried to downplay the role and importance of these bodies in political system of the Russian Empire. Public administration was understood, first of all, as the fulfillment of the community's instructions, as well as justified the increased control over the activities of self-governing structures by the administration. Nevertheless, based on the analysis of the structure and powers of the Vinnytsia City Council, it can be argued that it was a self-governing body that had considerable autonomy. This confirms both the order of its formation and the wide range of rights and powers defined by law. These bodies have achieved effective results in their work, first of all, in the field of education, public care, medical care, improvement of roads, development of urban space.
Internet Society and Global Culture. Revision of Interdisciplinary Project at Opole University of Technology
Authors: Rajchel Anna , Jędrzejewska Milena J.
Published: July 2022

An interdisciplinary project “Internet society and global culture” was conducted by the Faculty of Economics and Management of the Opole University of Technology, in 2012-2020. The idea lead to exam the relationships between various areas of global culture inscribed in virtual space. Researchers considered human functioning regarding online safety, risks and benefits of using the Internet, exclusion of “offline people” and especially young users. Different institutions were reviewed: schools, libraries, churches, banks, shops, etc. The result of the joint meetings was the creation of six monographs: “Internet society and global culture. Legal and cultural aspects of human functioning in virtual reality”, “Internet society and global culture”, “Church on the Internet – Internet in the Church: Internet society and global culture”, “Internet and modern economy”, “Internet society and global culture. Young user on the web. Part 2”, “Internet society and global culture. New media in education as a challenge of the 21st century”. The project was directed primarily to young people for whom the virtual world has become a permanent part of their life, study and work. Globalization is an irreversible process that brings benefits but also brings threats (e.g. climate change). It was very important that teachers, entrepreneurs and representatives of public administration participated in the project together with the students. The topic has become particularly important in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic and its limitations.
Рецепція поглядів З. Бжезінського у зовнішній політиці США другої половини ХХ – перших двох декад ХХІ ст.
Authors: Кирчів Андрій
Published: July 2022

Дослідження впливу З. Бжезінського як науковця та політика на формування засад і напрямів зовнішньої політики президентських адміністрацій США упродовж майже 50 років дає змогу осягнути суть американського світового лідерства та його динаміку в контексті глобальної архітектури безпеки і співробітництва. У статті розглянуто питання практичного використання елементів парадигми З. Бжезінського у зовнішній політиці США, починаючи із 1977 р. і до цього часу. Проаналізовано вплив його консультацій та рекомендації на зовнішньополітичні рішення адміністрацій президентів Дж. Картера, Р. Рейґана, Дж. Буша-старшого, Б. Клінтона й Б. Обами. Особливу увагу приділено інкорпорації у сферу міжнародних відносин США напрацювань З. Бжезінського на посаді радника з національної безпеки президента Дж. Картера (1977-1981 рр.). Розглянуто окремі міжнародно-політичні проблеми, що виникли в процесі реалізації зовнішньополітичного курсу США за президентств Дж. Буша-молодшого і Д. Трампа в контексті відхилення від концепцій, пропонованих З. Бжезінським, а також потенційне використання ідей та підходів із його науково-політичної спадщини адміністрацією Дж. Байдена.
Mechanism of Sex Differences in Bladder Cancer: Evident and Elusive Sex-biasing Factors
Authors: Lam Christa M. , Li Zihai , Theodorescu Dan , Li Xue
Published: July 2022

Bladder cancer incidence is drastically higher in males than females across geographical, racial, and socioeconomic strata. Despite potential differences in tumor biology, however, male and female bladder cancer patients are still clinically managed in highly similar ways. While sex hormones and sex chromosomes have been shown to promote observed sex differences, a more complex story lies beneath these evident sex-biasing factors than previously appreciated. Advances in genomic technology have spurred numerous preclinical studies characterizing elusive sex-biasing factors such as epigenetics, X chromosome inactivation escape genes, single nucleotide polymorphism, transcription regulation, metabolism, immunity, and many more. Sex-biasing effects, if properly understood, can be leveraged by future efforts in precision medicine based on a patient’s biological sex. In this review, we will highlight key findings from the last half century that demystify the intricate ways in which sex-specific biology contribute to differences in pathogenesis as well as discuss future research directions.
Efficacy and Moderators of Virtual Reality for Cognitive Training in People with Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Papaioannou Themis , Voinescu Alexandra , Petrini Karin , Stanton Fraser Danaë
Published: July 2022

Background:

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia result in cognitive decline which can negatively impact everyday functional abilities and quality of life. Virtual reality (VR) interventions could benefit the cognitive abilities of people with MCI and dementia, but evidence is inconclusive.

Objective:

To investigate the efficacy of VR training on global and domain-specific cognition, activities of daily living and quality of life. To explore the influence of priori moderators (e.g., immersion type, training type) on the effects of VR training. Adverse effects of VR training were also considered.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted on all major databases for randomized control trial studies. Two separate meta-analyses were performed on studies with people with MCI and dementia.

Results:

Sixteen studies with people with MCI and four studies with people with dementia were included in each meta-analysis. Results showed moderate to large effects of VR training on global cognition, attention, memory, and construction and motor performance in people with MCI. Immersion and training type were found to be significant moderators of the effect of VR training on global cognition. For people with dementia, results showed moderate to large improvements after VR training on global cognition, memory, and executive function, but a subgroup analysis was not possible.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that VR training is an effective treatment for both people with MCI and dementia. These results contribute to the establishment of practical guidelines for VR interventions for patients with cognitive decline.
Organized Registration for the Assessment of Dementia by the Nationwide General Consortium Toward Effective Treatment (ORANGE) Registry: Current Status and Perspectives of Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Tsujimoto Masashi , Suzuki Keisuke , Saji Naoki , Sakurai Takashi , Ito Kengo , Toba Kenji ,   Registry Study Group ORANGE
Published: July 2022

Background:

With increasingly aging societies, a comprehensive strategy for dementia research is important. The Organized Registration for the Assessment of dementia by the Nationwide General consortium toward Effective treatment (ORANGE) Registry is the first longitudinal multicenter prospective trial-ready cohort in Japan.

Objective:

To establish a large cohort for use in clinical trials and research in Japan.

Methods:

This registry, based on communities, hospitals, and nursing homes, covers three dementia stages (preclinical, mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and advanced dementia), and includes more than 30 hospitals. We analyzed enrollment and 1-year follow-up data for disease progression.

Results:

There were 1450 registered patients (649 men, 801 women; mean age, 77.92±6.70 years; mean Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score, 25.19±2.76). The conversion rates from MCI to dementia and MCI to normal were 14.3% and 1.1%, respectively. High Clinical Dementia Rating score (odds ratio [OR] = 11.085, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.619–75.913, p = 0.014), low MMSE score (OR = 0.835, 95% CI: 0.761–0.917, p < 0.001), high Geriatric Depression Scale score (OR = 1.093, 95% CI: 1.005–1.189, p = 0.038), and low body mass index (OR = 0.895, 95% CI: 0.829–0.967, p = 0.005) at enrollment were significant factors for conversion.

Conclusion:

The ORANGE MCI Registry is an established registry that facilitates creation of trial-ready cohorts to accelerate promotion of clinical trials with low reversion rates as it originates from a hospital. One-year follow-up analysis suggested assessing various factors for conversion risk. Further analyses will be possible in future with registry expansion. We will continue to refine this registry, including how it can be used more efficiently.
Exercise Training for Mild Cognitive Impairment Adults Older Than 60: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Hui , Su Wenlong , Dang Hui , Han Kaiyue , Lu Haitao , Yue Shouwei , Zhang Hao
Published: July 2022

Background:

The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) continues to increase due to population aging. Exercise has been a supporting health strategy that may elicit beneficial effects on cognitive function and prevent dementia.

Objective:

This study aimed to examine the effects of aerobic, resistance, and multimodal exercise training on cognition in adults aged > 60 years with MCI.

Methods:

We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases and ClinicalTrials.gov ( https://clinicaltrials.gov ) up to November 2021, with no language restrictions. We included all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of exercise programs on cognitive function with any other active intervention or no intervention in participants with MCI aged > 60 years.

Results:

Twelve RCTs were included in this review. Meta-analysis results revealed significant improvements in resistance training on measures of executive function ( p < 0.05) and attention ( p < 0.05); no significant differences were observed between aerobic exercise and controls on any of the cognitive comparisons.

Conclusion:

Exercise training had a small beneficial effect on executive function and attention in older adults with MCI. Larger studies are required to examine the effects of exercise and the possible moderators.
The Use of Digital Technology to Assess Cognitive Function in Tunisian Adults
Authors: Boujelbane Mohamed Ali , Trabelsi Khaled , Boukhris Omar , Kacem Faten Hadj , Ammar Achraf , Charfi Ichrak , Turki Mouna , Charfeddine Salma , Bouaziz Bassem , Hakim Ahmed , Frikha Hamdi , Chabchoub Mohamed Amine , Chtourou Hamdi , Glenn Jordan M. , Myers Jennifer Rae
Published: July 2022

Background:

There has been increasing evidence and support for the use of digital technology in the cognitive health field. Despite the growing use of innovative digital technology to assess cognitive function, such technology remains scarce in Arabic countries, particularly in Tunisia.

Objective:

To investigate the effectiveness of a digitally delivered cognitive assessment battery in differentiating varying degrees of cognitive function in older Tunisian adults.

Methods:

One hundred fifty-five Tunisian older adults (age: 62.24±7.52 years) were assigned to one of four groups: healthy controls (HC), at-risk (AR), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Participants completed a translated version of the Neurotrack digital cognitive battery.

Results:

The AD group performed significantly lower on the associative learning ( p = 0.01) and associative memory assessments ( p = 0.002), than the HC and AR groups. The AD group also performed worse on the inhibition measure ( p = 0.008) than the HC, AR, and MCI groups. For recognition memory, the was a significant difference between all four groups ( p < 0.0005), with AD having the lowest scores followed by the MCI, AR, and HC groups, respectively. There were no significant differences observed on attention, executive function and processing speed performance between the four groups ( p > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The use of digital technology appears to be a viable solution to current cognitive assessment challenges for assessing cognitive function in a Tunisian population. These findings provide further support for the use of digital technology in cognitive assessment, particularly in understudied populations.
MicroRNA-99b-5p targets mTOR/AR axis, induces autophagy and inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation
Authors: Niture Suryakant , Tricoli Lucas , Qi Qi , Gadi Sashi , Hayes Kala , Kumar Deepak
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVES:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the small non-coding regulatory RNA molecules involved in gene regulation via base-pairing with complementary sequences in mRNAs. The dysregulation of specific miRNAs, such as miR-99b-5p (miR-99b), is associated with prostate cancer (PCa) progression. However, the mechanistic role of miR-99b in PCa remains to be determined. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional and clinical significance of miR-99b in PCa.

STUDY DESIGN:

The expression of miR-99b and its downstream targets mTOR/AR in the PCa samples were analyzed by RT/qPCR. The effects of miR-99b overexpression/inhibition on PCa cell survival/proliferation, spheroid formation, and cell migration were examined by specific assays. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to determine the binding of miR-99b to 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of the mTOR gene. The effects of miR-99b on the expression of mTOR, AR, and PSA proteins, as well as on AKT/mTOR signaling, autophagy, and neuroendocrine differentiation markers were analyzed by western blotting. The expression of miR-99b, mTOR, AR, PSA in AR-negative PC3 and AR-positive LNCaP cells was analyzed by RT/qPCR. The effect of miR-99b on global gene expression in PC3 cells was analyzed by RNA-seq.

RESULTS:

The expression of miR-99b was downregulated in tumor samples from PCa patients, whereas the expression of mTOR and AR was upregulated. In PCa cell lines, overexpression of miR-99b inhibited cell proliferation and cell colony/spheroid formation; induced apoptosis, and increased sensitivity towards docetaxel (DTX). In contrast, inhibition of miR-99b by miR-99b inhibitor resulted in increased cell growth in PCa cells. Mechanistically, miR-99b inhibited the expression of the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) gene by binding to its 3′ UTR and induced autophagy. Furthermore, miR-99b inhibited androgen receptor (AR) activity in LNCaP cells and induced apoptosis. Activation of AR signaling by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) downregulated miR-99b expression and promoted cell PCa cell growth/survival, whereas inactivation of mTOR by rapamycin or AR by enzalutamide decreased miR-99b mediated PCa cell growth.

CONCLUSION:

Our data suggest that miR-99b functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting the mTOR/AR axis in PCa cells, implicating miR-99b as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for PCa management.
CASSAVA ROOTS DAMAGED BY MIGDOLUS FRYANUS PRODUCE POOR QUALITY STARCH
Authors: Guerreiro Julio César , Azevedo Ana Paula , Prado Evandro Pereira , Pietrowski Vanda , Ringenberg Rudiney , Moritz Cristiane Mengue Feniman , Ghiotto Thais Carneiro , Pascutti Thaíse Milena , Ferreira-Filho Pedro José
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of starch produced by plants that suffer damage caused by M. fryanus, analyzed by colorimetric and morphological indices. Colorimetric data were composed of luminosity indices, “a” and “b” chroma coordinates and darkening index. For morphological data, the perimeter and area of starch granules extracted from cassava roots were analyzed. The variables were summarized in a principal component analysis and the axes scores retained for interpretation were correlated with the damage caused by the M. fryanus. From these analyses and observing the main effects, linear regression models for the variables were determined, according to the level of damage caused by the pest. The damage caused by M. fryanus in the roots strongly influenced the indices related to starch colorimetry, hence, under conditions of greater damage, the tendency of the chroma coordinates to vary toward red and yellow was observed and a decrease in starch luminosity occurred, inversely proportional to the increase in darkening. Similar to what was observed in the colorimetric data, a drop in the size of starch granules was noted in the roots, which suffered greater damage from the pest.
KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL KARYAWAN DALAM MENCIPTAKAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN
Authors: Faniasari Linda , Manafe Leonard Adrie
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya komunikasi interpersonal Distributor Telur ayam kk dalam menciptakan kepuasan pelanggan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif yang dikaji secara kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan distributor Telur ayam kk dan sepuluh informan yang merupakan pelanggan dari Distributor telur ayam kk. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, pengamatan dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi antar pribadi yang dilihat dari komponen kesetaraan terdapat hambatan komunikasi yaitu: karyawan masih membeda-bedakan pelanggan lama dengan pelanggan baru sehingga menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan dari pelanggan. Sedangkan komunikasi antar pribadi dari komponen keterbukaan, empati, sikap mendukung dan sikap positif sudah berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan apa yang diharapkan oleh pelanggan. Sehingga komunikasi antar pribadi yang baik dapat menjadi faktor penunjang dalam mewujudkan kepuasan pelanggan. Kata-kata Kunci: Komunikasi Interpersonal, Pelayanan, Kepuasan Pelanggan   EMPLOYEE INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION IN CREATING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION  ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the interpersonal communication importance of KK Chicken Egg Distributors in creating customer satisfaction. This research method uses a descriptive approach that is studied qualitatively. The subjects in this study were employees of the KK chicken egg distributor and ten informants who were customers of the KK chicken egg distributor. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observations and documentation. Based on the study results indicate that interpersonal communication seen from the equality component, there are communication barriers, namely: employees still discriminate between old customers and new customers, causing inconvenience to customers. Meanwhile, interpersonal communication from the openness components, empathy, supportive attitude and positive attitude has been going well and in accordance with what is expected by customers. Therefore good interpersonal communication could be a supporting factor in realizing customer satisfaction. Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, Service, Customer Satisfaction