bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An assessment of the direct and indirect costs of breast cancer treatment in leading cancer hospitals in Ghana
Authors: Okyere Asante Patience Gyamenah , Owusu Adobea Yaa , Oppong Joseph Ransford , Amegah Kingsley E. , Nketiah-Amponsah Edward
Published: May 2024

Background

In Ghana, breast cancer remains the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths among women. The cost of treating cancer is huge and poses a great challenge for patients, their families, and health care systems. While comprehensive studies have been conducted on the economic burden of cancers in developed economies such as the EU and the US, there are limited studies in Africa, and Ghana, in particular. This study quantitatively assessed Ghana’s direct and indirect costs of breast cancer treatment.

Methods

Primary data were collected using a questionnaire administered to 217 breast cancer patients at the Korle-Bu and Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospitals, Ghana’s two leading hospitals, and Sweden Ghana Medical Centre. Direct and indirect costs were computed using the Cost-of-Illness Approach. Quantitative analysis was done using multivariate linear regression.

Results

The findings showed that the breast cancer patients studied paid a median amount of Ghana cedis (GHC) 31,021.0 (IQR; 25,262.5–42,147.0), approximating USD 5,500.2 (IQR: 4,477.0–7,469.2 USD) for their treatment within one year of active treatment in 2019. About 61.9% (95% CI: 61.8–62.0%) of this cost was direct cost, while the remaining 38.1% (95% CI: 38.0–38.1%) was indirect cost. Patients who sought care from public facilities for breast cancer paid a median amount of GHC 29,606.3 (USD 5,249.3), while those who sought care from private facilities paid GHC 55,071.2 (USD 9,744.4). Findings from the multivariate linear regression indicate that being married/cohabiting, divorced/separated and having tertiary level education predicted higher cost of breast cancer treatment while patients on retirement and patients in the middle stage (Stage II) of breast cancer diagnoses were associated with lower cost of breast cancer treatment.

Conclusions

The cost of breast cancer treatment poses a significant burden on patients and their families. There is a need for increased public funding for breast cancer treatment to reduce the huge economic burden its treatment poses for patients and their families.
Burnout among Chinese live streamers: Prevalence and correlates
Authors: Chen Shi , Wang Hanqin , Yang Shang , Zhang Fushen , Gao Xiao , Liu Ziwei
Published: May 2024

Background

The prevalence of burnout among live streamers remains largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with burnout among Chinese live streamers.

Methods

A cross-sectional study recruited 343 full-time live streamers from 3 companies in Changsha city. Socio-demographic and occupational characteristics were collected using self-designed items. Job stress was assessed using the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ-22), while supervisor and coworker support were evaluated using the last 8 items of the JCQ-22. Burnout was assessed using the 17-item Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS).

Results

Our findings revealed that 30.6% of live streamers experienced burnout. Lower levels of education (OR = 2.65 and 3.37, p = 0,005 and 0.003), higher monthly income (OR = 10.56 and 11.25, both p = 0.003), being an entertainment-oriented streamer (OR = 2.13, p = 0.028), continuous walking during live streams (OR = 2.81, p = 0.006), significant drop in follower count (OR = 2.65, P = 0.006), live streaming during the daytime (OR = 3.75, p = 0.001), and higher support from supervisors and coworkers (OR = 3.66, p = 0.001) were positively associated with burnout. However, the effects of education and drop in followers on burnout were not significant in the multivariate logistic models (p = 0.321 and 0.988).

Conclusions

Burnout among Chinese live streamers is associated with income, being an entertainment streamer, engaging in continuous walking during live streams, conducting live streams during the daytime, and experiencing excessive support from supervisors and coworkers.
The use of artificial intelligence in induced pluripotent stem cell-based technology over 10-year period: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Vo Quan Duy , Saito Yukihiro , Ida Toshihiro , Nakamura Kazufumi , Yuasa Shinsuke
Published: May 2024

Background

Stem cell research, particularly in the domain of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, has shown significant progress. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), especially machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), has played a pivotal role in refining iPSC classification, monitoring cell functionality, and conducting genetic analysis. These enhancements are broadening the applications of iPSC technology in disease modelling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. This review aims to explore the role of AI in the advancement of iPSC research.

Methods

In December 2023, data were collected from three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct) to investigate the application of AI technology in iPSC processing.

Results

This systematic scoping review encompassed 79 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The number of research studies in this area has increased over time, with the United States emerging as a leading contributor in this field. AI technologies have been diversely applied in iPSC technology, encompassing the classification of cell types, assessment of disease-specific phenotypes in iPSC-derived cells, and the facilitation of drug screening using iPSC. The precision of AI methodologies has improved significantly in recent years, creating a foundation for future advancements in iPSC-based technologies.

Conclusions

Our review offers insights into the role of AI in regenerative and personalized medicine, highlighting both challenges and opportunities. Although still in its early stages, AI technologies show significant promise in advancing our understanding of disease progression and development, paving the way for future clinical applications.
Effectiveness of structured exercise program on insulin resistance and quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus–A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Amaravadi Sampath Kumar , Maiya G. Arun , K. Vaishali , Shastry B. A.
Published: May 2024

Objective

Impaired glucose control & Insulin resistance are reported to be risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. To find the effects of a structured exercise program on insulin resistance, glycaemic control, functional capacity, and quality of life in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Design

Randomized, controlled trial.

Setting

Diabetic Foot Clinic, Department of Physiotherapy & Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Hospital in Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Participants

160 participants aged between 30–65 years with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Intervention

A set of structured exercise programs (aerobic, resistance, and combined) along with the standard hospital care was performed 3–5 times weekly for 12 weeks.

Measurements: Primary outcome measures

Fasting Insulin Level, Homa-IR, Six-minute walk test (6MWT), and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire at baseline and 12th week.

Secondary outcome measures

Body composition analysis, Fasting Blood Sugar, Postprandial Blood Sugar, Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c), and GPAQ questionnaire at baseline and 12th week.

Results

Significant differences have been observed in Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (Homa-IR) (F (1, 144) = 89.29, p < 0.001); Fasting insulin (FI) (F (1, 144) = 129.10, p < 0.001); Fasting blood sugar (FBS) (F (1, 144) = 12.193, p< 0.001); Post prandial blood sugar (PPBS) (F (1, 144) = 53.015, p< 0.001); glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (F (1, 144) = 80.050, p < 0.001); WHOQOL-Physical health (F (1, 144) = 20.008, p< 0.001), Psychological (F (1, 144) = 77.984, p< 0.001), Social relationship (F (1, 144) = 44.866, p< 0.001); Environmental (F (1, 144) = 69.974, p< 0.001); Six minute walk test (6MWT) (F (1, 144) = 84.135, p< 0.001) in the study group when compared with the control group from baseline to 12th week.

Conclusions

The study reveals that a 12-week structured exercise training program effectively reduces insulin resistance, improves quality of life, enhances functional capacity, and improves glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Prediction of new vertebral compression fracture within 3 years after percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture: Establishment and validation of a nomogram prediction model
Authors: Nie Mingxi , Chen Zefu , Shi Liang , Cao HongXia , Xu Lei
Published: May 2024

New vertebral compression fractures (NVCF) are common in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) who have undergone percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). We sought to develop a nomogram prediction model for better identification and prevention of NVCF within 3 years after PVP in patients with OVCF. The demographic, clinical, and imaging data of patients who underwent PVP for OVCF between January 2010 and December 2019 were reviewed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen for risk factors for NVCF within 3 years after PVP. A nomogram prediction model was then developed and validated to visually predict NVCF. The samples in the model were randomly divided into training and validation sets at a ratio of 7:3. Twenty-seven percent of patients experienced NVCF in other segments within 3 years after PVP. Older age, lower bone mineral density (BMD), smoking, lack of anti-osteoporosis therapy, and postoperative trauma were risk factors for NVCF. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve suggested good discrimination of this model: training set (0.781, 95% confidence interval: 0.731–0.831) and validation set (0.786, 95% confidence interval: 0.708–0.863). The calibration curve suggested good prediction accuracy between the actual and predicted probabilities in the training and validation sets. The DCA results suggested that, when the probability thresholds were 0.0452–08394 and 0.0336–0.7262 in the training and validation set, respectively, patients can benefit from using this model to predict NVCF within 3 years after PVP. In conclusion, this nomogram prediction model that included five risk factors (older age, lower BMD, smoking, postoperative minor trauma, and lack of anti-osteoporosis treatment can effectively predict NVCF within 3 years after PVP. Postoperative smoking cessation, standard anti-osteoporosis treatment, and reduction in incidental minor trauma are necessary and effective means of reducing the incidence of NVCF.
Mindfully missing myself: Induced mindfulness causes alienation among poor self-regulators
Authors: Thakur Niyati , Baumann Nicola
Published: May 2024

Mindfulness is a popular technique that helps people to get closer to their self. However, recent findings indicate that mindfulness may not benefit everybody. In the present research, we hypothesized that mindfulness promotes alienation from the self among individuals with low abilities to self-regulate affect (state-oriented individuals) but not among individuals with high abilities to self-regulate affect (action-oriented individuals). In two studies with participants who were mostly naïve to mindfulness practices (70% indicated no experience; N1 = 126, 42 men, 84 women, 0 diverse, aged 17–86 years, Mage = 31.87; N2 = 108, 30 men, 75 women, 3 diverse, aged 17–69 years, Mage = 28.00), we tested a mindfulness group (five-minute mindfulness exercise) against a control group (five-minute text reading). We operationalized alienation as lower consistency in repeated preference judgments and a lower tendency to adopt intrinsic over extrinsic goal recommendations. Results showed that, among state-oriented participants, mindfulness led to significantly lower consistency of preference judgments (Study 1) and lower adoption of intrinsic over extrinsic goals (Study 2) compared to text reading. The alienating effect was absent among action-oriented participants. Thus, mindfulness practice may alienate psychologically vulnerable people from their self and hamper access to preferences and intrinsic goals. We discuss our findings within Personality-Systems-Interactions (PSI) theory.
Enhancing credit scoring accuracy with a comprehensive evaluation of alternative data
Authors: Hlongwane Rivalani , Ramaboa Kutlwano K. K. M. , Mongwe Wilson
Published: May 2024

This study explores the potential of utilizing alternative data sources to enhance the accuracy of credit scoring models, compared to relying solely on traditional data sources, such as credit bureau data. A comprehensive dataset from the Home Credit Group’s home loan portfolio is analysed. The research examines the impact of incorporating alternative predictors that are typically overlooked, such as an applicant’s social network default status, regional economic ratings, and local population characteristics. The modelling approach applies the model-X knockoffs framework for systematic variable selection. By including these alternative data sources, the credit scoring models demonstrate improved predictive performance, achieving an area under the curve metric of 0.79360 on the Kaggle Home Credit default risk competition dataset, outperforming models that relied solely on traditional data sources, such as credit bureau data. The findings highlight the significance of leveraging diverse, non-traditional data sources to augment credit risk assessment capabilities and overall model accuracy.
Association between stringency of lockdown measures and emergency department visits during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Dutch multicentre study
Authors: Booij-Tromp F. Marlijn , van Groningen Nicole J. , Vervuurt Sebastian , Haagsma Juanita A. , de Groot Bas , Lameijer Heleen , Gaakeer Menno I. , Alsma Jelmer , Rood Pleunie P. M. , Verdonschot Rob J. C. G. , Bouwhuis Marna G.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

The COVID-19 outbreak disrupted regular health care, including the Emergency Department (ED), and resulted in insufficient ICU capacity. Lockdown measures were taken to prevent disease spread and hospital overcrowding. Little is known about the relationship of stringency of lockdown measures on ED utilization.

Objective

This study aimed to compare the frequency and characteristics of ED visits during the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 to 2019, and their relation to stringency of lockdown measures.

Material and methods

A retrospective multicentre study among five Dutch hospitals was performed. The primary outcome was the absolute number of ED visits (year 2018 and 2019 compared to 2020). Secondary outcomes were age, sex, triage category, way of transportation, referral, disposition, and treating medical specialty. The relation between stringency of lockdown measures, measured with the Oxford Stringency Index (OSI) and number and characteristics of ED visits was analysed.

Results

The total number of ED visits in the five hospitals in 2019 was 165,894, whereas the total number of visits in 2020 was 135,762, which was a decrease of 18.2% (range per hospital: 10.5%-30.7%). The reduction in ED visits was greater during periods of high stringency lockdown measures, as indicated by OSI.

Conclusion

The number of ED visits in the Netherlands has significantly dropped during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a clear association between decreasing ED visits and increasing lockdown measures. The OSI could be used as an indicator in the management of ED visits during a future pandemic.
Genetic diversity and distribution of noroviruses among all age groups of patients with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Tegegne Dessie , Gelaw Aschalew , Alemayehu Dawit Hailu , Seyoum Tamrayehu , Leta Dereje , Ferede Getachew , Mulu Andargachew , Gelaw Baye
Published: May 2024

Background

Norovirus (NoV) is the leading cause of diarrheal disease worldwide and the impact is high in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Moreover, there is a significant and fluctuating global genetic diversity that varies across diverse environments over time. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of data on the genetic diversity of NoV in Ethiopia.

Objective

This study was aimed to assess the genetic diversity and distribution of NoVs circulating in the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia, by considering all age groups.

Methods

A total of 519 fecal samples were collected from diarrheal patients from May 01/2021 to November 30/ 2021. The fecal samples were screened for the presence of NoVs using real-time RT-PCR by targeting a portion of the major capsid protein coding region. The positive samples were further amplified using conventional RT-PCR, and sequenced.

Results

The positivity rate of NoV was (8.9%; 46/519). The detection rate of NoV genogroup II (GII) and genogroup I (GI) was 38 (82.6%) and 8 (17.4%), respectively. Overall, five distinct GII (GII.3, GII.6, GII.10, GII.17, and GII.21) and two GI (GI.3 and GI.5) genotypes were detected. Within the GII types, GII.3 was the predominant (34.2%) followed by GII.21 (15.8%), GII.17 (10.5%), GII.6 and GII.10 each (2.6%). Norovirus GII.21 is reported for the first time in Ethiopia. The genetic diversity and distribution of NoVs were significantly different across the four sampling sits and age groups. The phylogenetic analysis revealed close relatedness of the current strains with published strains from Ethiopia and elsewhere.

Conclusion

The distribution and genetic diversity of NoV was considerably high, with predominance of non-GII.4 genotypes. The GII.21 genotype is a new add on the growing evidences on the genetic diversity of NoVs in Ethiopia. Future nationwide surveillance studies are necessary to gain comprehensive data in Ethiopia.
Assessing climate change and health provisions among staff in higher education institutions: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Leal Filho Walter , Dinis Maria Alzira Pimenta , Lange Salvia Amanda , Sierra Javier , Vasconcelos Helena , Henderson-Wilson Claire , Diatta Samo , Kumar T. V. Lakshmi , Meirelles Maria Gabriela , Carvalho Fernanda
Published: May 2024

Climate change can have direct and indirect effects on human health. Direct effects can include an increase in extreme weather events, such as heatwaves and floods, as well as an increase in the spread of vector-borne and infectious diseases, which may lead to a set of health problems and diseases. Indirect effects can include changes in air quality, water availability, and food production and distribution. These changes can lead to an increase in respiratory problems, malnutrition, and increased food insecurity. There is a perceived need to investigate the extent to which Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are engaged in efforts to foster a greater understanding of the connections between climate change and health. In this context, this preliminary investigation offers an overview of the relationships between climate change and health. By means of a survey among teaching staff and researchers at HEIs from 42 countries across all continents working on the connection between climate change and health. The study has investigated the extent to which current provisions for education and training on the connection between climate change and health are being considered and how current needs in terms of policy development, research, and training are being met. A series of case studies illustrate how universities worldwide are actively developing strategies and implementing measures to address climate change and health. The study concludes by providing specific recommendations aimed at facilitating the handling of issues related to climate change and health in a higher education context.
Cómo el nacionalcatolicismo se impuso al fascismo en los imaginarios culturales del franquismo.
Authors: Rina Simón César
Published: May 2024

Este artículo analiza las tensiones políticas entre los sectores falangistas y católicos durante los primeros compases de la dictadura franquista, abordándolas con un enfoque microhistórico en la ciudad de Sevilla. Ambos vectores nutrieron los parámetros ideológicos y nacionalistas del régimen a partir de un complejo equilibrio determinado por el contexto internacional y por la correlación interior de fuerzas. En Sevilla las tensiones se dirimieron en el plano simbólico y ritual. El cardenal Segura puso su empeño en evitar la simbiosis entre las prácticas católicas y los modelos seculares fascistas, prohibió el saludo fascista a las imágenes religiosas, se negó a rendir culto a los <>, a escribir el nombre de José Antonio en la fachada de la Catedral y expulsó a FET y de las JONS de la principal fiesta de la ciudad, la Semana Santa, alejando al falangismo de los principales mecanismos legitimadores e identitarios de la ciudad.
Paul Zumthor: Entre a História e a Literatura
Authors: A. Caldeira Beatriz
Published: May 2024

Dos contributos historiográficos que concorreram para a oralidade ser hoje reconhecida, em meios especializados, como uma realidade inerente a toda a «literatura» na Idade Média, nenhum se revelou tão determinante como o de Paul Zumthor, eminente medievalista da segunda metade do século XX. Neste ensaio, reflete-se, tendo por base uma das suas obras cimeiras, La lettre et la voix (1987), sobre a importância central que assumiu o diálogo interdisciplinar entre a história e os estudos literários, tanto na génese do conceito de Idade Média de Zumthor, como na sua investigação sobre a voz na «literatura» medieval. Assim, depois de se situar a referida obra no âmbito do despontar novecentista dos primeiros estudos sobre a oralidade medieval (coincidente com uma reaproximação entre a história e os estudos literários), e do extraordinário percurso académico de Zumthor, analisam-se as conceções que nela se consubstanciam em torno da ideia de «medievalidade», bem como o universo conceptual em que se desdobra o estudo do medievalista suíço sobre a voz na «literatura» do período.
Plínio Salgado e o fascismo brasileiro pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial
Authors: Pereira Gonçalves Leandro , Santi Pacheco Gabriela
Published: May 2024

Após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, período marcado pela reconfiguração política em meio ao contexto global de ascensão neofascista, foi fundado, em Portugal, o semanário nacionalista A Nação. Esse periódico promovia, em suas páginas, debates com influentes intelectuais simpatizantes do fascismo e do nacional-socialismo. Plínio Salgado, líder do fascismo brasileiro exilado em Portugal entre 1939 e 1946, figurava nas páginas desse jornal, tanto como objeto de notícias como enquanto colaborador. Por meio da coluna «Carta de Princípios», contribuía com textos que se alinhavam ao projeto que desejava implementar no Brasil com o Partido de Representação Popular (PRP). Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a atuação de Salgado nesse periódico, que ocorreu após o seu retorno ao Brasil, em 1946, buscando visualizar elementos do fascismo brasileiro. Ademais, tenciona-se explorar a crise financeira em torno do jornal e sua repercussão na figura do líder fascista.
António de Spínola e a democracia portuguesa. Narrativas sobre o processo revolucionário
Authors: Marie Pierre
Published: May 2024

A presente proposta procura analisar a trajetória de António de Spínola após o seu regresso ao país em 1976. Figura aglutinadora da extrema-direita portuguesa, o antigo Presidente da República chefiou o Movimento Democrático de Libertação de Portugal e esteve ligado à onda de violência bombista que se alastrou nos anos 1975 e 1976. No entanto, após o seu regresso sem julgamento em agosto de 1976, Spínola foi reabilitado: reintegrado no Exército em 1978, nomeado Marechal em 1981 e Chanceler das Ordens Militares em 1987. Em 1984, Spínola presidiu a Comissão das Comemorações do 10º Aniversário do 25 de Abril, tornando-se assim o símbolo oficial da Revolução dos Cravos. A reabilitação da figura de António de Spínola pela democracia portuguesa exemplifica a invisibilização das violências de extrema-direita. Procurar-se-á questionar a memória atual do processo revolucionário e os silêncios que nela subsistem, com recurso a arquivos e a imprensa da época.
Uso del libro de texto en España: un estudio exploratorio con profesorado de Geografía, Historia e Historia del Arte
Authors: González González José-Manuel , Rivero Pilar , García Ceballos Silvia
Published: May 2024

Este artículo pretende mostrar el uso que hace del libro de texto el profesorado español de Geografía, Historia e Historia del Arte que imparte clases en educación secundaria. Para ello se analizan los datos obtenidos mediante una encuesta enviada online a finales de 2021. El estudio exploratorio con metodología de tipo mixto y carácter transversal evalúa las respuestas de 998 personas, y establece la correlación entre los datos demográficos y las variables sobre el empleo del manual escolar, estableciendo que un 78,2 % tiene una opinión normal o buena sobre el libro de texto, y que el empleo en el aula, en el curso 2020-2021, es elevado en un 30,9 % de encuestados, y medio en el 27,4 %. Según las respuestas múltiples, las editoriales más usadas son Vicens Vives, Santillana y Anaya: 448 (24,2 %), 332 (18 %), y 225 (12,2 %) profesores las emplean al menos en uno de sus cursos, siendo también relevante los que usan apuntes o materiales propios, 321 (17,5 %), y los que no utilizan libro, 105 docentes (5,7 %). Es habitual el uso de varias editoriales. Seis de cada diez profesores estiman como aspectos positivos del libro de texto que viene con ilustraciones y figuras, cinco de cada diez que resume y explica bien los contenidos, y un 48,9 % que facilita una variedad amplia de actividades. Entre las características negativas: que es excesivamente caro, 54,3 %, que no fomenta el espíritu crítico, 48,1 %, y que tiene pocas actividades prácticas o que son poco variadas, 45,5 %. Se concluye que el uso del libro de texto sigue siendo predominante.
Verification of material characteristic of natural fibers for concrete reinforcement
Authors: Hájek Jakub , Vlach Tomáš , Řepka Jakub , Žďára Vladimír
Published: May 2024

The topic of the article is the verification of the tensile mechanical characteristics of selected natural fibres commonly available on the Czech market. Due to their high tensile strengths, some natural materials have a certain potential for use in specific engineering applications such as concrete reinforcement. Additionally, natural fibres are renewable materials, making them an environmentally friendly material. Potentially, its use as a reinforcement in the form of technical textiles for textilereinforced concrete could help create more sustainable reinforced concrete elements. This article deals with tensile tests of chosen available natural fibre materials, such as flax, hemp, jute, and sisal, both pure and impregnated (homogenised) using epoxy resin. In this article, the results and comparisons of tensile strengths and Young’s modulus are presented.
Processing and recycling of aggregate residues after ore extraction for stabilization of mined areas
Authors: Jančíková Andrea , Dvořák Karel , Ravaszová Simona
Published: May 2024

The article focuses on the treatment and recycling of aggregate. It also addresses the issue of treatments effects on mine tailings, fly ash and acid mine water on the measured parameters of concrete with load-bearing and backfilling paste with non-load-bearing function. Four different mixes were developed, and standard tests were performed on them. These mixtures were made with different types of mine tailing’s fillers with varying degrees of treatment. Mineralogical and chemical tests were carried out on the treated aggregates, with sieve analysis and their subsequent adjustment for suitable aggregate gradation curve in concrete. Strength and volumetric weight tests were carried out on hardened samples at 28, 56 and 90 days. The results of the determined functional specimens showed that it is possible to develop an almost completely waste-free technology using recycled aggregate and fly ash from the ore mining and energy industries and its subsequent processing and use for backfilling of mine deposits with load bearing and non-load bearing function concrete.
Production of concrete pavements using mixed cements
Authors: Klobása Jan , Hela Rudolf
Published: May 2024

Currently, great importance is attached to the reduction of emissions in industrial production, especially in the production of cement, when it is indicated that during production 1 ton of cement produces approximately 0.6 ton of CO2. Reducing emissions is possible thanks to secondary raw materials, which are produced in large quantities in the Czech Republic volumes for which a suitable use is sought. Some secondary raw materials are suitable for use in concrete mixes, which are used to improve the rheology of the fresh concrete mixture as well as the properties hardened concrete. Currently, there is an effort to eliminate the production of cement, to which its partial replacement by admixtures could also contribute. Therefore it is necessary determine the optimal admixture that could be used to replace part of the cement in concrete mix. A large consumer of concrete mixes are transport structures, where it is possible for some of the cement used to be replaced by an admixture.
Concrete and reliability of existing prestressed bridge structures
Authors: Mezera Aleš , Holý Milan , Sýkora Miroslav
Published: May 2024

A large number of post-tensioned concrete bridges were built in the second half of the last century. They have often been insufficiently maintained during their lifetime (usually around 50 years). Nowadays, these structures exhibit significant deterioration, mainly due to leakages and also due to various other deficiencies such as a small concrete cover. Their load-bearing capacity needs to be verified. This paper focuses on estimating the load-bearing capacity calculation of existing post-tensioned concrete bridges. In the engineering practice, this is carried out using the partial factor method according to the currently valid standards (Czech standards ČSN and the Eurocodes), which often impose more stringent requirements than the original standards. The partial factor method then often leads to low load-bearing capacities. This study deals with the bridge for which a very low load-bearing capacity has been determined. For this reason, a comparative probabilistic analysis was performed, allowing for a better description of the uncertainties in the resistance and load effect variables. The probabilistic approach appears to be less conservative and yields a higher load-bearing capacity.
Mechanical properties of cement pastes containing plasma-treated silicon-based materials
Authors: Prošek Zdeněk , Tesárek Pavel , Palička Aleš , Babčenko Oleg
Published: May 2024

The study delves into the impact of waste silicon-based materials on the mechanical characteristics of the resulting cement pastes. The investigation uses Portland cement CEM I 42.5R in conjunction with silicon-based waste materials sourced from the packaging industry, specifically from Recifa, a.s. Variations between the sample groups arise from differences in the concentration of silicon-based materials and the method of surface treatment. The inquiry seeks to assess the effects of two distinct levels of Si-based material incorporation, namely 10 wt. % and 20 wt. %, along with plasma treatment involving two different gases: oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2). The mechanical attributes under scrutiny encompass compressive and flexural strengths. The evaluation of mechanical properties is carried out on samples aged 28 days, with dimensions measuring 20 × 20 × 100 mm.
Effect of preparation process on purity of tricalcium aluminate
Authors: Ravaszová Simona , Dvořák Karel , Jančíková Andrea
Published: May 2024

In the realm of cement production, traditional fuels are steadily giving way to alternative sources. While this shift yields economic and ecological advantages, it introduces notable technological challenges. Specifically, there is an escalation in certain chemical elements, leading to variability in the mineralogical composition. This variability is subsequently manifested in the characteristics of Portland clinker. It becomes imperative, therefore, to synthesize pure clinker minerals. This synthesis is essential for both understanding their behavior in industrially manufactured cement and creating analytical standards for mineral identification through XRD. The primary focus of the research is on the production of pure tricalcium aluminate, a key clinker mineral, within laboratory conditions. A direct laboratory methodology involving solid-phase synthesis is used. The investigation meticulously tracks the impact of homogenizing the raw material mixture on the resultant mineral’s purity. To achieve this, a high-speed Pulverisette 6 planetary mill is utilized along with two types of grinding bodies. A corundum grinding capsule with corundum grinding bodies is employed to prevent contamination by foreign ions. Simultaneously, a highly efficient steel grinding capsule with steel grinding bodies is utilized. The raw material mixture is then subjected to sintering at six different temperatures ranging from 1 200 to 1 450 °C, and the purity of the produced mineral is quantified using Rietveld analysis. Laser granulometry results indicate a strikingly similar comminution of the raw material in both grinding cases. Iron contamination, as revealed by XRF analysis, is minimal, accounting for only 0.21 %. The purity of 97.6% C3A, is achieved at 1 450 °C using a steel grinding capsule, with 2.4% unreacted lime Conversely, when using a corundum capsule, a purity of 93.6 % is achieved, accompanied by residues of 2.2 % mayenite and 3.8 % lime. This discrepancy may be attributed to an insufficient degree of raw material comminution in the corundum capsule. Intriguingly, a slight iron contamination during the grinding of the raw material mixture exerts a positive influence on purity. In this case, iron acts as a flux, fostering a more favorable reaction of the mineral mayenite. This multifaceted exploration enhances our understanding of clinker mineral synthesis, offering insights into optimizing purity based on grinding methods, sintering temperatures, and the impact of minor contaminants.
Production of concrete pavements using mixed cements
Authors: Šperling Petr , Hela Rudolf
Published: May 2024

This paper discusses the possibility of assessing the k-value of power plant fly ash using durability. Compressive strengths, activity indices, pressure water seepage depth and carbonation depth were determined for cement mortars with 10, 20 and 30 % cement replacement by fly ash for ages of 7, 28 and 60 days. The k-values for each cement substitute were determined for each age using the relationship between water/cement ratio and compressive strength. Using the results of the depth of pressurized water seepage and depth of carbonation, the determined k-values were assessed and k-values that are safe for use of power plant fly ash in aggressive XC and XD environments were determined.
Análisis de las necesidades psicoafectivas de personas puérperas en tres hospitales públicos de la provincia de Santa Fe en 2021
Authors: Mandril Lucía Virginia , Ricci Camila María
Published: May 2024

Las personas que transitan el puerperio reconocen en sí mismas ciertas necesidades psicoafectivas que varían según las características y vivencias individuales, conduciendo a la búsqueda de contención y afecto. Dichas necesidades son fundamentales para el equilibrio emocional de la persona y son importantes en la asistencia durante el puerperio como etapa de transición. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar las necesidades psicoafectivas surgidas durante el puerperio en personas adultas atendidas en tres hospitales públicos de las ciudades de Santa Fe, Ceres y Rafaela. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, analítico, de corte transversal, con 81 mujeres que accedieron a participar de forma voluntaria, mediante una encuesta virtual y anónima. El 39.5% vivió la etapa puerperal como una experiencia negativa. La relación entre las variables paridad y experiencia fue significativa. En conclusión, se sugiere actualización y capacitación de los diferentes profesionales de la salud en contacto con esta población para promover el alcance de una experiencia positiva en la totalidad de puérperas, mediante la creación de espacios adecuados a las necesidades de cada persona.
Criptococosis meníngea en personas que viven con VIH
Authors: Beloso Melina , Coduri Anthonioz Blanc Joaquín Ignacio , Martínez Agust´ín , Sadonio María José , Castro Maximiliano Gabriel
Published: May 2024

La criptococosis meníngea es una infección oportunista que afecta a personas que viven con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (PVVIH) con alto nivel de inmunosupresión. La misma se asocia a una elevada morbimortalidad. Debido a la limitada disponibilidad de estudios regionales publicados, se propone describir las principales características clínico-bioquímicas, conducta terapéutica y evolución de una serie de PVVIH con criptococosis meníngea en un hospital de referencia para la región centro-norte de la provincia de Santa Fe (Argentina). Se incluyeron 10 pacientes, con una edad de 44 (61-34) años y una mediana de 3 (30-0) años de evolución de la infección por VIH. Al realizar la primera consulta presentaban una mediana de 15 (40-2) días de evolución, siendo la fiebre el síntoma más común. Todos recibieron tratamiento con anfotericina B liposomal por 26,5 (44-2) días. El cultivo de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) de control a los 14 días de iniciada la terapéutica fue positivo en 5 individuos. Cinco sujetos evolucionaron favorablemente con alta hospitalaria y seguimiento ambulatorio, mientras que cinco requirieron atención en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos para asistencia respiratoria mecánica. Por otra parte, Cinco de las PVVIH incluidas fallecieron.
Technology transfer model oriented to industry 4.0
Authors: Da Silva Vander Luiz , Kovaleski João Luiz , Pagani Regina Negri , Gomes Myller Augusto Santos
Published: May 2024

Goal: This study aimed to propose a Technology Transfer Model oriented to Industry 4.0 (TTM4.0).
Design/methodology/approach. Initially, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify existing gaps in Technology Transfer models: Another focus of the review was to determine the requirements for technological implementations in Industry 4.0. Thus, a specific TT model was built. Then, the model was validated through case studies in Brazilian companies (slaughterhouses). The methods employed to measure data and support decisions in the context of TT4.0 were AHP, Likert scale, and Fuzzy-TOPSIS.
Results: Focusing on similar results between Companies A and B, thinking about adopting Industry 4.0, the central strategic needs were product quality, reducing human error, and reducing waste. Among the main factors inhibiting the maximum interest and availability of Industry 4.0 for both companies were high investment, lack of knowledge (procedures or in general), and uncertainties in results. Results indicate Big Data Analytics and artificial intelligence technologies.
Originality/value: The Poultry Industry strengthens the economy and significantly impacts the country's socioeconomic indices. Despite this, the sector has a low level of technological maturity compared to others. Regarding the TTM4.0, while other models start by recognizing opportunities and then select technologies in the market, this model prioritizes phases of organizational self-knowledge for decision-making support. A primary difference between a maturity model and a Technology Transfer model is in their scope, with the latter being broader. It encompasses technology definition, implementation, and management, rather than being limited to diagnosis.
Ship-from-store omnichannel using a 4pl digital platform
Authors: Schweitzer Nicollas Luiz Schweitzer de Souza , Arante Marcos Tadeu , Agostino Ícaro Romolo Sousa , Braghirolli Lynceo Falavigna , Mafia Marina Meireles Pereira , Frazzon Enzo Morosini
Published: May 2024

Goal: This research aimed to simulate a ship-from-store operation process from an omnichannel retailer. Based on this we proposed a conceptual model orchestrated through a 4PL. Through the results evaluated by performance indicators in the simulation, computational results of using the approach in a real case can be added to decision-making and the literature.
Design / Methodology / Approach: This paper comprises the collection of sales and logistics data from a retailer for developing a computer simulation using R programming language, so that the ship-from-store strategy is evaluated. Data from an omnichannel retailer supported the development of two scenarios: the first represent retailer's current praxis; in the second, the logistics orchestration model is applied. The analysis considers two performance indicators: freight price and freight time.
Results: The results demonstrate that after adopting the ship-from-store strategy the omnichannel retailer can reduce the freight price by up to 60%. Regarding the delivery time, a reduction of up to 8 days is envisioned. These reductions positively impact the customer experience in the online channel, increasing its attractiveness.
Limitations of the investigation: The limitations of the research are based on a logistics orchestration model for a retailer that is omnichannel and has several stores within its national territory with stock. This stock is sufficient to implement a ship-from-store process in this retailer.
Practical implications: This retailer, by applying the method, is able to achieve better customer rewards. In the same way, it manages to make the online channel more attractive at the lowest cost and in the shortest time. This retailer is also able to use new technological resources through a 4PL. This serves as a technological tool for the logistics orchestration operation.
Originality / Value: An original computer simulation for a 4PL digital platform orchestrating the ship-from-store strategy in omnichannel retailing is presented.
Managing Materials Vendor Risks for Improved Project Operational Performance
Authors: John Nsikan , Nwaguru Peter , Okon Mercy G.D , Tommy Uduak , Bariate Mba
Published: May 2024

Highlight: Sound risk management implementation is well noted for helping organisations to overcome operational inefficiencies. However, the management of risk associated with construction materials vendors, and how they impact project operational performance appear to have not been extensively researched.
Goal: In this study, the effect of materials vendor risk management (vendor risk identification and vendor risk prevention) on project operational performance (project quality and scheduled completion time) was investigated. We also interrogate the mediating role of risk-oriented culture in the relationship between vendor risk management and operational performance.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The target population was all 1,044 registered public construction firms under the Urban Regeneration Programme in Nigeria. The cross-sectional survey design was adopted, and random sampling was used to select 173 project managers, engineers, surveyors, vendors/contractors, and store representatives. Primary data was collected through the structured questionnaire, they were analysed via the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique.
Results: Three main conclusions are made about managing vendor risks: First, properly identified materials vendor risks (in terms of material handling issues, price escalation, non-compliance to specification, delivery delay, and sharp procurement practices) is positively related to operational performance. Second, implementing context-specific risk prevention measures (prior assessment score, vendor financial capacity, warranty policy, continuous monitoring, technical capacity) positively enhances operational outcomes. Third, paying attention to risk culture orientation of project stakeholders positively impact their risk prevention capability and operational performance of construction projects.
Limitations: Study was limited to few operational performance indicators in project management. Future study could include other performance indicators.
Practical Implications: The results can help project operations managers in industry address numerous risks associated with materials vendor.
Originality/Values: The numerous abandoned and failed construction projects in developing countries as a result of less attention to vendor risks management prompted this study.
Igualdade e equidade na intencionalidade de políticas educacionais: O caso de programas do Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação (FNDE) no Brasil
Authors: Melo Yasmim Marques de , Gomes Sandra
Published: May 2024

Este artigo apresenta as definições e os conceitos de meritocracia, igualdade e equidade e uma proposta metodológica que permite fazer uma aplicação empírica para captar se e como políticas públicas buscam corrigir as desigualdades sociais. Para isso, foi realizada a classificação de oito programas educacionais executados pelo Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação, observando as mudanças ao longo de 25 anos (1995-2020). Os resultados permitiram identificar que, inicialmente, esses programas adotaram o princípio da igualdade em seus desenhos institucionais, para depois introduzir a equidade. A introdução de princípios equitativos não significou, entretanto, a eliminação de critérios de igualdade de acesso aos programas federais; ao contrário, foram critérios adicionais adotados de forma incremental ao longo de diferentes governos. Não foram identificados princípios de meritocracia para acesso aos programas pelos governos subnacionais.
Finite element analysis of the thermal and thermo-mechanical coupling problems in the dry friction clutches using functionally graded material
Authors: Jabbar Nasr A. , Hussain Ihsan Y. , Abdullah Oday I. , Mohammed M. N.
Published: May 2024

The friction clutch is an important machine part in the torque transmission system, where it is responsible for gently transmitting the power from the engine to the gearbox and damping the tensional vibration. At the beginning of the engagement between the clutch’s elements, a large amount of heat is released due to frictional sliding between the elements of the clutch system, generating very high temperatures. In this work, the two- and three-dimensional finite element models were developed from scratch to explore the clutch disk’s temperature and contact pressure behaviors using an alternative frictional material such as functionally graded material (FGM). The two assumptions for the thermal loads were considered: uniform wear and uniform pressure assumptions. The thermal–structural problem for the new frictional material was solved numerically and then presented as the temperature distributions and the contact pressure at any instant of sliding time. Also, a comparison was made between the clutch system behaviors when using FGM with different frictional materials. The results showed that the FGM has superior results to the other available frictional materials.
Experimental investigation and thermodynamic analysis of TiC–Fe cermets with Mo additions
Authors: Pan Yafei , Huang Lei , Du Yong
Published: May 2024

In this study, the effects of Mo additions on the microstructure, hardness and bending strength of TiC–Fe cermets manufactured by spark plasma sintering were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and mechanical properties tests. Thermodynamic calculations were utilized to analyze the evolution of the microstructure. The results show that the conventional core/rim structure was not formed during the solid-phase sintering of TiC–Fe cermets. The heat-treatment process and reasonable Mo addition can effectively enhance the overall performance of the alloys. With the addition of minor Mo, the hardness of the sintered cermets improved significantly, which was attributed to the solid solution strengthening mechanism of Mo in Fe binder. However, excessive Mo exceeded the solubility range of Fe binder and precipitated in the form of M
6C and Mo2C phases, which damaged the bending strength of the heat-treated cermets.