bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lisa Lim, Christopher Stroud and Lionel Wee (Eds.). (2018). The Multilingual Citizen: Towards a politics of language for agency and change. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters. xiv + 303 pp. €144.95 (hardcover). ISBN: 9781783099658
Authors: De Korne Haley
Published: November 2018

Waiting for the egalitarian agenda ofuniversal human rights, and its relatedbranch of linguistic rights, to be fulfilledthrough official political processesand structures is not an option. As thecontributors to this volume discussand illustrate, language rights policiesand discourses have yet to providecomprehensive improvement of the wellbeingof members of multilingual andminoritized communities in many partsof the world. They call for investmentin and recognition of other channelsof political action, in particular theagency of local individuals who engagein language politics through formsof linguistic citizenship. This volumebuilds on the growing body of workwhich explores linguistic citizenship(hereafter LC) as an alternative tolanguage rights and recognition policies(Stroud, 2001; Stroud & Heugh, 2004;Williams & Stroud, 2013), directingfocus towards “what people do with andaround language(s) in order to positionthemselves agentively, and to craftnew, emergent subjectivities of politicalspeakerhood, often outside of thoseprescribed or legitimated in institutionalframeworks of the state” (Introduction,p. 4). It is a welcome contribution tothe scholarship on language policyand planning which gives seriousconsideration to the nature of languagepolitics on the ground, and attempts tograpple with the inequalities that persistregardless of official pluralist policies(Canagarajah, 2005; Hornberger etal., 2018; McCarty, 2013; Ricento &Hornberger, 1996).
Cicero Defining the Stoic Science of Divination
Authors: Hahmann Andree
Published: November 2018

This paper is devoted to the Stoic definition of divination as reported by Cicero. It proposes a novel reading that coherently combines the distinct versions offered inDe divinatione. Especially important is the proper understanding of the close relationship between providence, fate, and chance. I argue that the Stoic understanding of chance already contains a reference to divine will, which is why the Stoics can equally claim that divination is devoted to chance and providence. This sheds new light both on the Stoic science of divination and the systematic involvement of providence, fate, and divination in Stoic philosophy.
Multi-objective distance minimization problems – applications in technical systems
Authors: Mostaghim Sanaz , Steup Christoph , Zille Heiner
Published: November 2018

This article describes the Distance Minimisation Problem (DMP) from a metaheuristic optimisation point of view. The problem is motivated by real applications and can be used to test the performance of optimisation methods like Evolutionary Algorithms. After formally describing the problem and its extensions using different metrics or dynamics, we perform experiments with well-known metaheuristic methods to demonstrate the performance on various DMP instances. The results show that modern algorithms like NSGA-II and SMPSO can struggle with this kind of problem under certain conditions, especially when Manhattan distances are used. On the other hand, specialised methods like GRA lack diversity of solutions in some cases. This indicates that even modern and powerful metaheuristic algorithms need to be chosen with care and with the respective optimisation task in mind.
Comparison of DCO-OFDM, ADO-OFDM, HDC-OFDM and HNC-OFDM for Optical Wireless Communications
Authors: Mondal M. Rubaiyat Hossain
Published: November 2018

This paper presents a new form of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) termed as hybrid noise cancelled asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (HNC-OFDM) for optical wireless communication. This HNC-OFDM is formed by combining the concepts of noise cancelled asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM and DC biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM). HNC-OFDM has the same bit error rate (BER) performance and dimming flexibility but less complexity compared to the recently developed hybrid diversity combined OFDM. The optimum DC bias level for HNC-OFDM, DCO-OFDM and asymmetrically clipped DC biased optical OFDM is shown to depend on the target BER, the constellation size, the received signal to noise power ratio, the proportion of DCO-OFDM element, the link type, equalization, etc. Simulations results show that with an optimum bias, HNC-OFDM can outperform others in an average power limited channel, while DCO-OFDM is a better choice for a peak power limited channel.
Early adiposity rebound in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome
Authors: Oto Yuji , Murakami Nobuyuki , Matsubara Keiko , Ogata Hiroyuki , Ihara Hiroshi , Matsubara Tomoyo , Nagai Toshiro
Published: November 2018

Background

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is associated with marked obesity that can lead to severe complications such as diabetes mellitus. Early adiposity rebound (AR) is associated with future obesity and an increased risk of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Previous reports have shown that the onset of AR occurred earlier in diseases that cause obesity. However, there have been no studies focusing on the timing of AR in PWS, or on the effect of growth hormone (GH) treatment on AR. The aim of this study was to explore AR in PWS patients and to analyze the effect of GH treatment on AR.

Methods

This retrospective study evaluated 48 patients, with 16 of the patients found to have AR prior to GH treatment. AR was constructed for each patient using Microsoft Excel, and the exact point of the nadir of body mass index (BMI) following the initial peak was determined. We additionally analyzed the relationship between GH treatment and the timing of AR onset.

Results

AR onset for patients found to have AR before starting GH treatment was 16.0 (13.0–21.0) months. In contrast, AR onset for patients found to have AR after starting GH treatment was 27.5 (23.8–36.3) months. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.0001). A positive correlation was found between the GH treatment period and AR (p=0.00013).

Conclusion

The median age of AR onset in PWS patients was 16.0 (13.0–21.0) months, and GH treatment might delay the early AR onset.
A sustainable strategy for production and functionalization of nanocelluloses
Authors: Córdova Armando , Afewerki Samson , Alimohammadzadeh Rana , Sanhueza Italo , Tai Cheuk-Wai , Osong Sinke H. , Engstrand Per , Ibrahem Ismail
Published: November 2018

A sustainable strategy for the neat production and surface functionalization of nanocellulose from wood pulp is disclosed. It is based on the combination of organocatalysis and click chemistry (“organoclick” chemistry) and starts with nanocellulose production by organic acid catalyzed hydrolysis and esterification of the pulp under neat conditions followed by homogenization. This nanocellulose fabrication route is scalable, reduces energy consumption and the organic acid can be efficiently recycled. Next, the surface is catalytically engineered by “organoclick” chemistry, which allows for selective and versatile attachment of different organic molecules (e.g. fluorescent probes, catalyst and pharmaceuticals). It also enables binding of metal ions and nanoparticles. This was exemplified by the fabrication of a heterogeneous nanocellulose-palladium nanoparticle catalyst, which is used for Suzuki cross-coupling transformations in water. The disclosed surface functionalization methodology is broad in scope and applicable to different nanocelluloses and cellulose based materials as well.
Prediction of running-induced Achilles tendinopathy with pain sensitivity – a 1-year prospective study
Authors: Brund René B.K. , Rasmussen Sten , Kersting Uwe G. , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Palsson Thorvaldur Skuli
Published: November 2018

Background and aims

Achilles tendinopathy is common among runners, but the etiology remains unclear. High mechanical pain sensitivity may be a predictor of increased risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy in this group. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether local pain sensitivity could predict the development of Achilles tendinopathy in recreational male runners. The overall hypothesis was that high pain sensitivity would be related to a higher risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy among recreational male runners.

Methods

Ninety-nine recreational male runners were recruited and followed prospectively for 1 year. At baseline and after 500 km of running the pressure pain threshold (PPT) was assessed at the infraspinatus and at the Achilles tendon (AT-PPT). Based on the AT-PPT at baseline, a median split was used to divide the runners into two groups. The high pain sensitivity groups was defined as runners displaying a pain pressure threshold below 441 kPa on the Achilles tendon, while the low pain sensitivity group was defined as runners displaying a pain pressure threshold above 441 kPa on the Achilles tendon, respectively. Subsequently, the cumulative risk difference between the two groups was assessed by using the pseudo-observation method.

Results

High pain sensitivity runners sustained 5%-point (95% CI: −0.18 to 0.08) more Achilles tendinopathy episodes during the first 1,500 km. No significant group differences in risk were found at 100, 250, 500, 1,000 and 1,500 km of running.

Conclusions

No significant association was found between mechanical pain sensitivity in the Achilles tendon and the risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy. However, the risk difference indicated a association between a high mechanical pain sensitivity and an increased risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy. It is plausible that changes in pain sensitivity were masked by unmeasured covariates, such as the differences in progression/regression of training volume and running speed between the two groups. This study was limited in size, which limited the possibility to account for covariates, such as differences in progression/regression of running speed between runners. With the limitations in mind, future studies should control the training volume, speed and running shoes in the design or account for it in the analysis.

Implications

Pain sensitivity of the Achilles tendon seems not to be related to an increased risk of developing Achilles pain in relation to running.
Conditions d’autonomisation et de capacitation des partenariats entre service public de l’emploi et opérateurs privés: comparaison entre la Belgique et la Suisse francophone
Authors: Remy Céline
Published: November 2018

Cet article montre ce qui se déroule en amont des collaborations entre les services publics de l’emploi et les opérateurs privés en charge de l’accompagnement des demandeurs d’emploi. Il met en évidence que les modalités de contractualisation et de gouvernance du partenariat influencent la confiance et, plus spécifiquement, la manière dont un partenariat s’autonomise et dont les prestataires acquièrent plus de capacités. Trois études de cas ont été menées au sein de partenariats dont deux en Belgique francophone et une en Suisse francophone.
Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: 38th Volume, Innovative Application, Formulation, and Adjuvant Technologies
Authors: Fritz Bradley K. , Butts Thomas R.
Published: November 2018

Description

Get 12 peer-reviewed papers that cover all aspects of technologies and methods that support the application of agrochemical products. Topics include

The featured papers were presented at the 38th Symposium on Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: Innovative Application, Formulation, and Adjuvant Technologies held October 2017 in New Orleans, LA.
Polymeric Rheology Modifier for Oil Dispersions
Authors: Zhu Shawn , Thomaides John , Boracci Andrew , He Qiwei(David) , Vadillo Damien
Published: November 2018

A typical oil dispersion (OD) contains an oil, a powder (agrochemical) suspended in the oil as a carrier, an emulsifier capable of emulsifying the oil when diluted in water before spraying, a rheology modifier that can thicken and suspend the powder in the oil during storage, and optionally a suspension aid that can suspend the powder during spraying after the OD is diluted in water. Current commercially available rheology modifiers (thickeners) used or suggested for OD formulations have drawbacks. They are either difficult to handle (very dusty powder) or require heating or the use of a protonic solvent to activate thickening. In addition, their thickening property is sensitive to ionic surfactants such as Ca-DDBS and temperature change. In this paper, a new type of oil thickener, a polymer, without the drawbacks of current oil thickeners, is introduced. It is believed that the new type of oil thickener uses a chain entanglement or excluded volume-thickening mechanism rather than the associative- or solidification-thickening mechanism employed by the current thickeners. A few stable OD prototypes containing powder pesticides (5 %–48 %), emulsifiers (6 % or less), and this unique polymeric rheology modifier (3 % or less) in oils (soy methyl ester or Aromatic 200) are presented. A correlation between OD stability and the loss-factor frequency dependence (G″/G′, the ratio of loss modulus to storage modulus) is established. In particular, when G″/G′ is less than 1, the OD is stable. When G″/G′ is greater than 1, the OD is unstable and the solid particles tend to settle to the bottom.
Droplet Spectra and Drift Potential Generated by Flat-Fan Nozzles Spraying New Formulations of 2,4-D Engineered for Drift Reduction
Authors: Antuniassi Ulisses R. , Moreira Caio A. F. , Chechetto Rodolfo G. , Pinheiro Ana Cristina T. C. , Lucio Felipe R.
Published: November 2018

The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of spray solutions containing new formulations of 2,4-D choline salt (Enlist™ with Colex-D™ and Enlist Duo™ with Colex-D) on the droplet spectra and drift potential generated by flat-fan nozzles. The experimental design included comparisons between solutions with a single herbicide in it: 2,4-D dimethylamine salt (DMA™ 806 BR) and 2,4-D choline salt (Enlist with Colex-D). We also compared the premix of 2,4-D choline salt and glyphosate dimethylamine salt (Enlist Duo Colex-D) with tank mixtures of the 2,4-D dimethylamine salt with three different formulations of glyphosate (Glizmax® Prime, Roundup Transorb R, and Zapp QI). Labeled rates of the herbicides were diluted to 80 L ha−1 and sprayed with flat-fan nozzles at 2.8 bar (Teejet XR11002 and AIXR11002). The volume median diameter and the percentage of droplets smaller than 105 µm (V105) were obtained using an online particle-size analysis system. The drift index was calculated based on data collected in a wind tunnel at a wind speed of 2.5 m s−1. The amount of drift deposited on nylon strings at 2 m downwind from the nozzle was converted to a percentage of the total volume of spray solution sprayed on each replication. The results showed that the new formulation of 2,4-D choline salt engineered for drift reduction (Enlist Colex-D) provided lower drift potential based on both the droplet spectra and the wind tunnel data compared to the standard 2,4-D dimethylamine salt. The same result was found when comparing the premix of 2,4-D choline salt and glyphosate dimethylamine salt with tank mixtures of 2,4-D dimethylamine salt with glyphosate, regardless of whether glyphosate formulation was part of the tank mixture.
Droplet Velocity from Broadcast Agricultural Nozzles as Influenced by Pulse-Width Modulation
Authors: Butts Thomas R. , Hoffmann W. Clint , Luck Joe D. , Kruger Greg R.
Published: November 2018

The recognition of agricultural pesticide application complexity has increased in recent years due to pesticide drift concerns and increasingly difficult-to-control pests. Spray application optimization is necessary to maximize pesticide efficacy while reducing environmental impact. Pulse-width modulation (PWM) spray application systems can be a vital precision agricultural tool by providing quick and accurate variable rate application changes and creating an opportunity for a site-specific pest management strategy. Research was conducted to identify the impact of PWM duty cycle, nozzle type, application pressure, and spray solution on spray droplet velocity to develop potential PWM optimization practices. Spray droplet velocity increased as pressure and duty cycle increased across nozzles. Greater variability in droplet velocities was observed across nozzles when pulsed at a 20 % duty cycle. Venturi nozzles created greater reductions in droplet velocity as duty cycle decreased and had greater variability in droplet velocity measurements than non-venturi nozzles. Based on present research, if PWM sprayers are to be used in site-specific pest management strategies, it is recommended that non-venturi nozzles coupled with greater than 40 % duty cycle be used to reduce spray droplet velocity variability, mitigate changes in drift potential, and assist pesticide applicators in optimizing site-specific pest management strategies.
Impact of Plugged Venturi Nozzle Air-Inclusion Ports on Droplet-Size Distribution
Authors: Butts Thomas R. , Moraes Jesaelen G. , Kruger Greg R.
Published: November 2018

Concern about pesticide drift has increased dramatically in recent years. An emphasis on increasing spray droplet size to mitigate off-target particle movement has occurred in response to this concern. Venturi nozzles were designed to create coarser droplets by entraining air within the spray solution in the nozzle body. In field applications, dirt, fertilizer, and other debris can plug air-inclusion ports. The objective of our research was to identify the impact of plugged air-inclusion ports on the droplet-size distribution of multiple venturi nozzles. The study was conducted using the low-speed wind tunnel at the Pesticide Application Technology Laboratory in North Platte, NE. Droplet-size distributions for five venturi nozzles and two orifice sizes (Air Induction [AI11004 and AI11006], Air Induction Extended Range [AIXR11004 and AIXR11006], Turbo TeeJet Induction [TTI11004 and TTI11006], Turbo Drop [TDXL11004 and TDXL11006], and Ultra Lo-Drift [ULD12004 and ULD12006]) were measured in combination with plugged or unobstructed air-inclusion ports, providing 28 total treatments. Measurements were made using a Sympatec HELOS-VARIO/KR laser diffraction system while testing water sprayed at 276 kPa. Similar patterns in droplet-size distribution within nozzles were observed across orifice sizes. When air-inclusion ports were plugged, the Dv0.1, Dv0.5, and Dv0.9 decreased for the AI and TDXL nozzles, remained relatively unchanged for the AIXR and ULD nozzles, and increased for the TTI nozzle. In addition, the percentage of fines less than 150 µm increased for the AI and TDXL nozzles, remained relatively unchanged for the AIXR and ULD nozzles, and decreased for the TTI nozzle when air-inclusion ports were plugged. This research helps to better understand the drift mitigation implications if debris were to plug venturi nozzle air-inclusion ports.
Mass Balance and Swath Displacement Evaluations from Agricultural Application Field Trials
Authors: Fritz Bradley K. , Hoffmann W. Clint , Martin Daniel E.
Published: November 2018

Spray drift is an ongoing concern for any agricultural application and continues to be the focus for new developments and research efforts dealing with drift reduction, best management application practices, and new decision support systems for applicators. Typically, field trials conducted to evaluate and compare these new technologies and methods lack sufficient in-swath and near-downwind data resolution to allow for an accurate mass balance from the in-swath spray portion and furthermore to determine both the effective swath width of the application and the swath displacement resulting from sprayer travel line or meteorological conditions, or both, present at the time of application. Both are critical in defining the fraction of the applied material that is considered spray drift versus in-swath deposition. This work presents an exploration into a modified sampling protocol and analysis method designed to allow for a detailed examination and determination of the effective spray swath width and the lateral downwind swath displacement to provide a better understanding of data collected during spray application trials, ultimately providing applicators with improved guidance on how to best compensate for swath displacement.
An Assessment of Polymeric Drift-Reduction Adjuvant Performance after Prolonged Exposure to Pump-Induced Shear
Authors: Bissell Daniel C. , Brown Danny , Magidow Lillian C. , Gednalske Joe V.
Published: November 2018

Emphasis has been placed on controlling the drift of synthetic auxin herbicides for postemergent applications of field weeds. This body of work evaluated a method for determining the performance of polymer-based drift-reduction adjuvants after repeated exposures to a pumping system. A parent solution of water with glyphosate and dicamba herbicides was combined separately with two different polyacrylamide adjuvants and a polysaccharide adjuvant for evaluation. Samples were collected after 0, 10, 25, and 50 passes through a closed-loop pumping system. The samples were then sprayed and measured within a spray-analysis wind-tunnel facility to evaluate the volume fraction of driftable droplets (less than or equal to 150 μm). All adjuvant products demonstrated an initial reduction in the driftable droplet content over the control. After 50 circulations through the pumping system, the two polyacrylamide products showed no difference in driftable content compared to the control. This was contrasted by the polysaccharide adjuvant retaining a reduction in driftable droplets throughout the test. Results concluded that this approach was an effective method for identifying possible deterioration of polymer-based drift-reduction adjuvants due to pump-induced shear.
Is Retention the Old-New Problem in a Drift-Control Era?
Authors: Costa Fernanda , Forster W. Alison , Fávaro Cíntia , Golfetti da Silva Vanessa R. , Hewitt Andrew
Published: November 2018

Spray drift has been a problem for years, and a joint effort to reduce drift has been made by all those involved with agrochemical application, including pesticide and adjuvant industries, regulatory bodies, universities, applicators, equipment and nozzle manufacturers, and farmers. Because the risk of spray drift is primarily related to spray droplet size, the main focus in addressing drift is the reduction of driftable fines. However, a corresponding increase in the number of large droplets may reduce the biological efficacy of an agrochemical due to a lower degree of coverage and retention. The objective of this research was to evaluate drift potential versus the retention of glyphosate and dicamba applied with flat fan and air-induction nozzles. The herbicides were evaluated with and without tank-mix adjuvants used for drift control. It was therefore possible to determine both the effect of droplet size and the different adjuvant technologies (such as emulsified oil and guar gum polymer) had on herbicide retention. The main methodologies used in this study were the measurement of droplet size (ASTM E2798, Standard Test Method for Characterization of Performance of Pesticide Spray Drift Reduction Adjuvants for Ground Application) and spray retention, determined as micrograms of dye/cm2 foliage of Chenopodium album. Although air-induction nozzles reduced the drift potential of the herbicides, they also reduced spray retention. The emulsion-based adjuvant was more effective in decreasing driftable fines through flat-fan nozzles, whereas the polymer was more effective through air-induction nozzles. It was interesting to notice that the adjuvants designed for drift control also influenced retention. The emulsion-based adjuvant resulted in a 2- to 2.6-fold increase in retention compared with the herbicide without adjuvant (applied through a TTI11004 nozzle). Because retention is an essential feature for ensuring biological efficacy, this paper focused on the balance between drift and biological efficacy.
Entrevistas de admisión: Implementación y características teórico técnicas
Authors: Soave Mónica Alejandra , Juaneu Luciana Ayelén
Published: November 2018

El siguiente artículo expone los resultados de la investigación: La entrevista de admisión en instituciones monovalentes de la ciudad de Córdoba, proyecto avalado y subsidiado por la Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica de la Universidad de Córdoba, Argentina. Un equipo de investigadores de la Cátedra de Entrevista Psicológica3 de la Facultad de Psicología de la UNC indagó sobre las características teórico-técnicas de la implementación de las entrevistas de admisión en las mencionadas instituciones, y específicamente en la transformación del sistema de atención en salud mental, en el marco de la sanción y reglamentación de las leyes nacionales y provinciales de Salud Mental (Ley N° 26658 y Ley N° 9848). Los principales hallazgos muestran una diversidad de modalidades de admisión, prioridad del perfilamiento sociosanitario y la administración de los recursos, y escasa referencia a las articulaciones teórico-técnicas que fundamentan las indicaciones e intervenciones. La indagación está inspirada en la preocupación de la cátedra por la articulación entre los conocimientos impartidos en la formación de los estudiantes de Psicología y las demandas y realidad de la tarea que enfrentarán en su vida profesional, y viceversa: indagar las condiciones del trabajo diagnóstico en las instituciones y poder ofrecer las articulaciones teóricas entre los espacios académicos y diferentes actores de la sociedad.
Antropología del rostro para la educación. Un aporte a los modelos pedagógicos desde el humanismo personalista
Authors: García Serrano Saúl Ernesto , Rodríguez Dénix Alberto , Silva Prada Diego Fernando , Hernández Ardila José Misael , Cabeza Herrera Oscar Javier
Published: November 2018

El artículo desde un enfoque analítico y crítico, realiza una reflexión de antropología educativa que busca enriquecer mediante un análisis humanista, el encuentro del maestro y del discípulo en el acto pedagógico, que en últimas está centrado en la fenomenología del rostro. Sin embargo, el tema traspasa las concepciones de los modelos pedagógicos en los ámbitos educativos, pues la antropología del rostro es también una antropología social, jurídica, civil, laboral, familiar y religiosa que busca generar el aprendizaje de la contemplación frente al rostro que viene, expresión de vida y dignidad, encaminado al desarrollo, al aprendizaje y al despliegue de sus dimensiones.El estudio ofrece un aspecto fundante para ampliar la mirada del rol del docente y del estudiante cuando interactúan bajo los lineamientos de cualquier modelo pedagógico; y así evitar en las relaciones humanas y en el aula de aprendizaje, los efectos nocivos de la cultura de la indiferencia y el descarte.
La construcción de identidades a través de los diálogos de saber del Círculo de Palabra de la Comunidad Muisca Chibcha de Bacatá
Authors: Díaz Sánchez Edisson
Published: November 2018

Este artículo producto de investigación científica, tiene como propósito examinar los distintos aportes teóricos y metodológicos del Círculo de Palabra de la Comunidad Muisca Chibcha de Bacatá en la construcción de las diversas identidades de sus participantes, con la finalidad de identificar aquellos elementos pedagógicos utilizados por la colectividad, tanto en los diálogos de saberes como en las diferentes dinámicas que realizan en este espacio. La investigación se desarrolló a partir del método etnográfico, el cual posibilitó la descripción detallada de las situaciones, eventos, personas, interacciones y comportamientos que fueron observables en la indagación; además de permitir que, desde el trabajo de campo, se tuviera la posibilidad de conocer e interactuar con los abuelos, miembros de la comunidad Muisca Chibcha de Bacatá y los demás asistentes al Círculo de Palabra. En cuanto al análisis de resultados de esta investigación micro-etnográfica, se tuvieron en cuenta los conceptos “Emic y Etic”, donde se concluye de forma general, que el Círculo de Palabra es una herramienta pedagógica y una práctica de ejercicio intercultural que tiene como propósito la construcción de identidad de las personas, la generación de espacios de diálogo entre culturas, el fortalecimiento de los vínculos sociales y la construcción de una mejor sociedad a partir del respeto hacia las diferencias.
Lo unidimensional como disciplinario: Un diálogo entre Herbert Marcuse y Michel Foucault
Authors: Camelo Perdomo Diego Fernando
Published: November 2018

El presente trabajo buscará identificar los puntos convergentes entre la idea de unidimensionalidad de Herber Marcuse como crítica a la conformación de una civilización y el análisis de la disciplina realizado por Michel Foucault en la consolidación de las sociedades normales modernas. Asimismo, se pretende también señalar los quiebres del uno y otro dentro de los postulados de estos, a saber, como en el caso de Marcuse, valiéndose de Freud, sostiene que la represión de la sexualidad fue la expresión de la instrumentalización del eros en el proyecto de una civilización unidimensional. No obstante, Foucault por su lado y contrario a esta idea, estima que más allá de la represión de la sexualidad, esta permitió la propagación de nuevos discursos y prácticas que permitirían ejercer el poder de control y normalización de los individuos. El sentido destructivo de la sexualidad en Marcuse para la construcción de la civilización es virada en Foucault como un espacio en el que emergen nuevos hábitos de disciplinización. Así, lo que para Marcuse es unidimensional, para Foucault es disciplinario.
Child BMI Over Time and Parent-Perceived Overweight
Authors: Wake Melissa , Kerr Jessica A. , Jansen Pauline W.
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Parents often do not accurately perceive overweight and/or obesity in their children. Changing this is widely considered an essential first step to reducing child overweight, but recent research suggests that, in fact, this could promote greater weight gain. We aimed to determine the directionality over time between higher child adiposity and parental perception of child overweight.

METHODS:

Participants were from 2 cohorts of the population-based Longitudinal Study of Australian Children followed biennially since 2004. Repeated measures of BMI z scores and parental perceptions of overweight were available for the kindergarten cohort at 6 waves (ages 4–5, 6–7, 8–9, 10–11, 12–13, and 14–15 years; n = 4632) and for the birth cohort at 4 waves (ages 2–3, 4–5, 8–9, and 10–11 years; n = 4445). Bidirectionality between overweight perception and BMI z score was examined by using cross-lagged regression models.

RESULTS:

In both cohorts, wave-on-wave lagged effects were strong (all: P < .001) but much larger from BMI z score to parent perception. For every unit increase in the BMI z score, the odds of a child being perceived as overweight in the next wave ranged from 2.9 (birth cohort: age 2–3 years) to 10.4 (kindergarten cohort: age 6–7 years). These effects were ∼3 to 12 times larger than the reverse, whereby the perception of overweight predicted 0.2 to 0.5 higher BMI z score in the next wave.

CONCLUSIONS:

Higher child BMI z scores strikingly predicted a subsequent parental perception of child overweight. Parent-perceived overweight preceded rising (not falling) BMI, but these effects were small. Clinician efforts to make parents aware of overweight may not be harmful but seem unlikely to improve children’s BMI status.
The first record of Exeurytoma anatolica Сam (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) in Iran
Authors: Zerova M. D. , Al-Sendi A. , Fursov V. N. , Adeli-Manesh H. , Sadeghi S. E. , Forouzani S. , Haghshenas A. R.
Published: November 2018

The species Exeurytoma anatolica Сam (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae), formerly known only from Turkey, was reared from seeds of Astragalus angustiflorus (C.Koch) (Fabaceae) in Iran for the first time. It is a firstly record of A. angustiflorus as a new host plant for Ex. anatolica. The species Ex. anatolica and Ex. сaraganae are phytophagous and develop in seeds of legume plants (Fabaceae). Redescription of Ex. anatolica is provided. Identification key to species of Exeurytoma is given. The species Ex. anatolica is differentiated by the ovipositor’s length which is about 1/3 as long as gaster and the length of first funicular segment which is in 1,2 times longer than pedicel. Material is deposited in the collection of I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv).
Researcher of nature F.P. Keppеn
Authors: Krut' M. V.
Published: November 2018

Information about the life and scientific activity of famous entomologist F.P. Keppеn are given in the article.
Entomological and acarological investigations in the institutions of NAS of Ukraine: development, achievements (to the 100th anniversary of the national academy of sciences of Ukraine)
Authors: Cherney L. S. , Nazarenko V. Yu. , Martynova K. V. , Krut M. V.
Published: November 2018

The article briefly describes the main directions of scientific activity of entomologists and acarologists of institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine during past 100 years.
Sexual dimorphism and morphometric characterization of Centris tarsata Smith, 1874, Hymenoptera: Apidae in different environments
Authors: Souza Adriane Vieira , Nunes Lorena Andrade , Machado Cerilene Santiago , Sodré Geni Da Silva , Carvalho Carlos Alfredo Lopes de
Published: November 2018

Las abejas solitarias Apidae: Centridini son importantes polinizadoras de Malpighia emarginata DC. Malpighiales: Malpighiaceae. No obstante, existen pocos estudios sobre la caracterización de las poblaciones de esta especie, en áreas de plantaciones y su entorno. En este estudio fueron analizadas la variabilidad morfométrica y dimorfismo sexual de Centris tarsata Smith, recolectada en nidos artificiales instalados en cuatro tipos de vegetación. Para el estudio, se disecó el ala anterior derecha de 168 individuos, fotografiadas, y las imágenes fueron transformadas en TpsUtil y llevadas al TpsDig2 versión 2.12 para marcar 18 puntos anatómicos, usando el método de morfometría geométrica. Los datos fueron analizados a través de Análisis de Componentes Principales ACP, Variables Canónicas VC y prueba de validación cruzada, dirigida a una correcta clasificación de cada individuo en VC. Además, el análisis del tamaño de ala fue utilizado mediante el tamaño del centroide y posteriormente se hizo un análisis de varianza, comparando los tratamientos con una prueba de Tukey. Se encontró que las diferentes condiciones ambientales pueden influenciar en el Patrón morfométrico intrassexual de las abejas C. tarsata y promover selección sexual. Fue posible observar el dimorfismo sexual de C. tarsata, lo que puede ser un factor determinante para favorecer características biológicas distintas en un proceso evolutivo, contribuyendo, así, en la comprensión de los factores ecológicos, biológicos, morfogenéticos y de comportamiento, relacionados con su función en un agroecosistema.
Control de larvas de Hypsipyla grandella Zéller utilizando resina de Jatropha curcas L.
Authors: Guerra Árevalo Héctor , Pérez Díaz Evert B. , Vásquez Vela Ana Lucia , Cerna Mendoza Agustín , Doria Bolaños Manuel Santiago , Arévalo López Luís , Lopes Monteiro Neto João Luiz , Guerra Arévalo Wilson F , Moreira Sobral Sara Thiele , Abanto-Rodríguez Carlos
Published: November 2018

La utilización de extractos vegetales como insecticidas naturales es una alternativa eficiente y ecológicamente viable para el uso directo en el control de plagas. En el estudio se evaluó el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de resina de Jatropha curcas en el control de larvas de Hypsipyla grandella Zéller, para el efecto en un Diseño Completamente al Azar (DCA), en esquema de parcelas subdivididas, se evaluaron cinco tratamientos, en tres repeticiones y 10 discos foliares de S. macrophylla por unidad experimental. Las parcelas principales consistieron en cinco concentraciones (%) de resina de J. curcas: T1:0; T2: 10; T3: 20; T4: 30; y T5: 40 y las subparcelas en los tiempos de evaluación (horas): 6, 12, 18 y 24 en el transcurso del día. Como variables medidas se incluyeron el consumo del disco foliares-CDF (%), el incremento de consumo foliar-ICF (%), la sobrevivencia-SL (%), la mortandad – ML (%), el número de orificios foliares-NOF y actividad larval-AL (%). La resina de J. curcas en concentración de 40% ocasiona en larvas de H. grandella una mortalidad de 67% y una actividad larval < 30%). Los resultados indican que las concentraciones de extracto de J. curcas ocasionaron efectos significativos en todas las variables evaluadas, no obstante, las concentraciones menores fueron menos eficientes en el control de larvas. Se concluye que la resina de J. curcas es un bioinsecticida potencial en el control de larvas de H. grandella presentando los mejores resultados en concentraciones > 30%.
Equipping African medical students with ethical decision-making skills: A case-based method from Burundi
Authors: McLaughlin Eric , Pfister Alyssa
Published: November 2018

In addition to medical ethical issues faced in every context globally, many African contexts have the challenge of additional ethical scenarios particular to African culture, resource limitation, and more varied levels of professional expertise. In an effort to equip medical trainees with the knowledge and skills to confront these situations well and from a particularly Christian vantage point, we developed a bioethics module for African medical students in Burundi that began with a didactic ethics lecture and spent most of the time on student-led, facilitated case discussions. The cases were designed to highlight problems specifically created by the particularities of our rural, African, under-resourced context. Five rounds of implementing this module have shown a positive and interactive reception, with students critically thinking about the problems, engaging in personal application, and being willing to disagree with each other. Evaluation after each module has resulted in some cases being discarded and others modified. Facilitation of case discussions has been especially aided by structuring cases that specifically force the making of a difficult ethical decision, soliciting an articulation of any disagreements existing within the presenting group, and exploring permutations of each case in order to see if that changes opinions and to clarify the underlying ethical principles at play. In our setting, the creation of bioethical case scenarios that are specifically applicable to the context of our African learners has been helpful in making a module with useful content capable of growing the ethical decision-making capacity of the participants.
What is the cry of your heart? Collective reflections from 7th Triennial Micah Global Consultation
Authors: Larkin Sarah
Published: November 2018

A collective reflection of the spirit of the 7th Triennial Micah Global Cosultation captured in poetry
Synthesis, crystal structure and electrophysical properties of triple molybdates containing silver, gallium and divalent metals
Authors: Kotova Irina Yu. , Savina Aleksandra A. , Vandysheva Alena I. , Belov Dmitry A. , Stefanovich Sergey Yu.
Published: November 2018

A possibility of the triple molybdates formation with both NASICON-like and NaMg3In(MoO4)5 structures in the Ag2MoO4–AMoO4–Ga2(MoO4)3 (A = Mn, Co, Zn, Ni) systems was studied by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. It was established that NASICON-like phases Ag1−xA1−xGa1+x(MoO4)3 are not formed. The triple molybdates AgA3Ga(MoO4)5 (A = Mn, Co, Zn) isostructural to triclinic NaMg3In(MoO4)5 (sp. gr. P`1, Z = 2) were synthesized and characterized. The structure of the obtained compounds was refined for AgZn3Ga(MoO4)5  according to the powder data by the Rietveld method. The structure consists of MoO4 tetrahedra, couples of edge-shared M(1)O6 octahedra, and trimers of edge-shared M(2)O6-, M(3)O6- and M(4)O6 octahedra, which are linked by the common vertices to form a 3D framework. High-temperature conductivity measurements revealed that the conductivity of AgMn3Ga(MoO4)5 at 500 °С reaches 10-2 S/cm, which is close to one of the known NASICON-type ionic conductors.
Doğum İndüksiyonunun başarısını öngörmede sonografik servikal uzunluk ölçümünün, Bishop skorlamasıyla karşılaştırılması
Authors: TÜRKYILMAZ Gürcan , AYDIN Ayşe Göksun , YILDIRIM Alkan
Published: November 2018

Giriş: Tüm gebeliklerin
yaklaşık % 20–30’unda doğum eylemi için indüksiyon gerekli olup,  doğum indüksiyonu artmış sezaryen oranı ile
ilişkilidir.  İndüksiyon başarısını
öngörmede prosedür öncesi serviksin klinik veya USG ile değerlendirilmesi
kullanılmakta ve en çok Bishop skorlaması tercih edilmektedir.Amaç: Bu çalışmada term
gebelerde indüksiyonun başarısını göstermede sonografik servikal
uzunluk ölçümünün, Bishop skorlamasıyla karşılaştırılmasını hedefledik. Gereç-yöntem: Bu prospektif
gözlemsel klinik çalışmada, kliniğimize başvuran, doğum indüksiyonu uygulanan 37-41
gestasyonel haftalık, uterin cerrahi öyküsü olmayan, baş prezentasyonu 126 tekil
gebe değerlendirildi. Hastanın yaşı, gestasyonel haftası, indüksiyon nedeni,
gravida, parite, tahmini fetal ağırlık, doğum şekli, Bishop skoru, sonografik
servikal uzunluk değerleri kaydedildi. Bulgular:  Bishop
skoru 5 ve altında olan grupta sezaryen (%54,8), Bishop skoru 5’in üzerinde
olan grupta ise vajinal doğum (%84,4) çoğunluktaydı. Fark analizi
sonuçlarına göre Bishop skorunun, doğum indüksiyonu başarısını göstermede
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı tanısal değerinin olduğu saptandı (p<0,001). Parite, doğum şekli, Bishop skor gruplarına göre anlamlı
farklılık göstermekteydi. Doğum şekli servikal uzunluğa göre her iki grupta da
vaginal yolla olanlar çoğunlukta bir dağılım gösterdi (sırasıyla %69,6 ve
%59,6) ve gruplar arasındaki farklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi
(p>0,05).
Parite ve vajinal doğum oranları her
iki servikal uzunluk grubunda da benzerdi. Fark analizi sonuçları ise 25 mm
değerine göre yapılan servikal uzunluk gruplarında farkların istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı olmadığını gösterdi. Servikal uzunluk ile sezaryen doğum
tahminde cut-off değeri 25 mm seçildiğinde sensivite %52,3 ve spesivite ise
%58,5 olarak bulundu.

Sonuç: Bishop skoru ve
parite başarılı bir doğum indüksiyonu için iyi prediktörler olarak bulundu.
Servikal uzunluk ölçümünün ise indüksiyon başarısını öngörmede yararı olmadığı
gösterildi.
Goldige Aussicht. Über Chris Wares #MeToo-Cover für den «New Yorker»
Authors: Diers Michael
Published: November 2018

Immer wenn die aktuelle Ausgebe des New Yorker im Postkasten liegen, weiß man, dass es nicht nur einiges zu lesenm sondern auch eine Menge zu sehen und damit verbunden zu lachen oder zu schmunzeln gibt. Viele Leser beeginnen nicht mit der Lektüre, sondern mit der Betrachtung. Das farbige Cover macht den attraktiven Auftakt. Im Heftinneren folgen zahlreiche Cartoons, die ihr Eigenleben führen, das heißt unabhängig vom umgebenden Essay in den Text eingestreut sind. Den Zeichnungen beigestellt ist eine Unterzeile, welche die Bildaussage vervollständigt. Meist sind es kurze, prägnante Sätze, die den Protagonisten in den Mund gelegt werden. Und dann kommt der MOment, wenn beim Nachsinnen schließlich der Groschen fällt, weil Text und Bild in ihrem Witz zueinander gefunden haben, weil das Hirn plötzlich richtig zwischen seinen beiden Hänften hin- und hergeschaltet hat.
Zum Thema
Authors: Hilgert Markus , Mulsow Martin
Published: November 2018

Können Ideen verloren gehen? Einfach vergessen werden, und mit ihnen ganze Kulturen? Oder setzten und schreiben sie sich immer fort, und sei es als Flaschenpost? Wie unterscheidet sich eine "Ideenkultur" um 2000 v.Chr. Von unserer? Was vergeht, wenn heute Keilschrift-Archive oder Inschriften zerstört werden? Diese Fragen werden selten gestellt. Denn unser Bildungskanon stammt aus einer Zeit, als die ägyptischen Hieroglyphen und die babylonische Keilschrift noch unentziffert und diese Kulturen damit unzugänglich waren.
Networked News Participation: Future Pathways
Authors: Robinson Sue , Wang Yidong
Published: November 2018

Civic participation in news production has been a trend under academic scrutiny for at least two decades. The prevalence of digital communication and the dominance of proprietary platforms are two combining forces that disrupt the established journalistic norms. In this article, we investigate news participation and make three grand statements regarding: 1) the holistic definition of participation, 2) the network structure of participation delineating the power dynamics of different media actors, and 3) the transnational context of participation exhibiting the structural constraints within nation-state sovereignty. It is our argument that news participation as a civic act in the digital, globalized age has not fundamentally democratized the information flow as early optimists predicted. Instead, a group of “information elite” have risen to power due to their access to institutional resources, their advantageous positioning in the media ecology, and their entrenchment in the dominant ideology. Participation on proprietary platforms can be easily co-opted to serve the interest of the new information elite.
Why We Should Keep Studying Good (and Everyday) Participation: An Analogy to Political Participation
Authors: Kligler-Vilenchik Neta
Published: November 2018

Research on participation is currently characterized by a trend towards studying its “darker” sides. In this commentary, I make an argument for why we should keep studying good participation. In addition, I claim that the flipside of studying exceptional case studies of participation shouldn’t be only focusing on dark participation, but on everyday, mundane forms of participation, that may happen in surprising contexts (such as non-proprietary platforms) and may take different shapes. To make these claims, I introduce a case study of “good participation” in news production processes, and explain why it may merit this distinction. I then use a three-pronged analogy to the cognate field of political participation to show what it can tell us about good—and everyday—participation in the news.
Strateji Kavramını Çalışmak
Authors: Yükselen Hasan
Published: November 2018

Strateji askerî alanda ortaya çıkmasına rağmen zaman içerisinde genişleyerek birçok alanda uzun erimli ve yaşamsal konuların incelenmesinde kullanılan bir kavram haline gelmiştir. Ancak pozitivizmin etkisi altında aslında sosyal olan strateji giderek içinde bulunduğu bağlamdan koparılarak şeyleştirilmiş ve sadece elde mevcut olan araçlara indirgenerek öznesel nitelikleri göz ardı edilmiştir. Bu makalenin amacı, stratejiyi ne oluşturmakta ve mümkün kılmaktadır sorusundan hareketle stratejinin nasıl çalışılması gerektiği sorusuna tarihsel ve sosyolojik analizini mümkün kılabilecek bir yaklaşımı sunmaktır. Bunu yaparken de stratejinin tarihsel ve sosyolojik bir açıklamasını özne-yapı diyalektiği çerçevesinde eleştirel gerçekçilik olarak adlandırılan bilim felsefesinden faydalanarak açıklamaktadır.
Siber Güvenliğin Uluslararası Politikada Etki Aracına Dönüşmesi ve Uluslararası Aktörler
Authors: Güntay Vahit
Published: November 2018

Değişen dünyanın önemli unsurlarından biri haline gelen siber alan sahip olduğu özellikler ile dikkat çekmektedir. Çıkar mücadelesi açısından bir parametre oluşturan siber saldırılar farklı aktörlerin ilgisini çekerek uluslararası ilişkiler içerisinde tartışma alanına dâhil olmuştur. Uluslararası politikada etki aracı haline gelen siber güvenlik, sahip olduğu özelliklerin birçoğunu saldırı konseptine dönüştürmeye de başlamıştır. Bu çerçevede uluslararası ilişkiler temelindeki yaklaşımlar ve kavramsal bütünlük de siber alanı teorik olarak incelenir hale getirmiştir. Çalışma dâhilinde siber saldırılar ve siber istihbarata ilişkin birtakım veriler uluslararası politika içerisinde ele alınmış; aktörlere ilişkin değerlendirmeler teorik ve pratik örnekleriyle analiz edilmiştir.