bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЕТАФОРИЧНІ СЦЕНАРІЇ В ПСИХОТЕРАПЕВТИЧНОМУ ДИСКУРСІ ІРВІНА ЯЛОМА
Authors: Дойчик Оксана , Шкорута Ірина
Published: December 2024

The article focuses on investigating psychotherapeutic discourse in view of cognitive linguistic approach.
The objective of the present research is to reveal and describe the metaphor scenarios that constitute
the range of the conceptual metaphor with the target domain PSYCHOTHERAPY, objectifi ed in the psychotherapeutic
discourse. The study is based on the novels When Nietzsche Wept (1992) and The Schopenhauer
Cure (2005) by a contemporary American existential psychiatrist, professor of psychiatry Irvin Yalom, the
author of psychotherapeutic fi ction and nonfi ction. The psychotherapeutic discourse under study is viewed
as a specifi c type of discourse that combines the properties of scientifi c discourse of individual and group
psychotherapy and fi ction. The methodology of the practical analysis is based on the Conceptual Metaphor
Theory. Specifi cally, by applying the theory of metaphor scenarios, grounded by Andreas Musolff , we
analyze metaphor scenarios that structure the particular source domains in their discourse manifestations.
Within this approach, metaphor scenarios are viewed as discourse-mediated mininaratives, more specifi c
than domains. The article discusses the following metaphor scenarios, objectifying the target domain (i.e.,
the process of group and individual psychotherapy) in the psychotherapeutic discourse by Irving Yalom:
PSYCHOTHERAPY IS JOURNEY → PSYCHOTHERAPY IS MOUNTAIN TRIP BY THE TORRENT,
PSYCHOTHERAPY IS SEA VOYAGE, PSYCHOTHERAPY IS FAMILY RELATIONS, PSYCHOTHERAPY
IS HOUSECLEANING, PSYCHOTHERAPY IS CHIMNEY SWEEPING, PSYCHOTHERAPY IS

CHESS GAME, PSYCHOTHERAPY IS GARDENING, PSYCHOTHERAPY IS DRESS REHEARSAL.
The metaphoric scenarios, being discourse-based, highlight the relevant conceptual properties of the target
domain in the novels, revealing focal points for conceptualizing group and individual therapy process. The
analyzed scenarios highlight the therapist-patient cooperation properties, as well as the metaphoric roles of
the therapist and patient within the scenarios under study, such as: GUIDE (RAILING BY THE TORRENT,
CRUTCH) /TRAVELLER (STUDENT), SEA CAPTAIN/PASSENGER, PARENT/CHILD, OPENER OF
RUSTY GATES, CHIMNEY-SWEEPER/OVERSEER, CHESS PLAYERS/OPPONENTS, GARDENER/
PLANT (LATE BLOOMER), THEATRE ACTORS.
Key words: conceptual metaphor, domain, the range of metaphor, cognitive mechanisms, psychotherapeutic
discourse, frame, metaphor scenario.
СХЕМОСТРАТЕГІЇ БУДОВИ АНГЛОМОВНИХ ТЕКСТІВ НОВИН: ЛІНГВОКОГНІТИВНИЙ РАКУРС
Authors: Потапенко Сергій
Published: December 2024

The paper specifi es the notion of communicative strategies widespread in modern linguistics suggesting
the concept of schematic strategies treated as a means of semiotic modifi cation of the addressee’s conceptual
structures making up the worldview common for the speakers of a particular language. Drawing on the BBC’s
English news texts about the Russia-Ukraine war, the article singles out three groups of moves meant to
implement schematic strategies. Referential moves of news texts activate the mental structures representing
individuals, social groups, and states or their confrontation. Status moves distribute the textual content with
respect to its topicality in the headline, the lead, the sections of current and previous events, and of comments
and context. Accentuating moves as an implicit means of infl uencing the audience through reference
to objects in the most prominent news text positions of paragraph beginnings and endings form particular
subtypes. The move of initial focusing foregrounds the units denoting the same referent in the headline and
the subsequent p aragraphs emphasizing its importance. The move of fi nal focusing concentrates the reader’s
attention on the referents denoted at the ending of the headline and of the following paragraphs in the texts
on politicians’ speeches while the units in the paragraphs’ initial positions refer to the key ideas of the talks
under discussion. The move of fi nal-initial focusing foregrounds in the subsequent paragraphs of a news
text the units denoting a referent at the end of the headline contrasting it with the one foregrounded in its
beginning. The defocusing move names referents in the background positions of a news text bringing down
their importance while giving prominence to the focal elements. The identifying move indicates in the lead
the referents missing from the headline with the organization of the rest of the text drawing on the moves
outlined above. The multidirectional move foregrounds in the headline and each subsequent paragraph different
units denoting referents comprising the mental structure of confrontation: its source, target, and the
results of their counterforce.
Key words: schematic strategy, communicative strategy, move, cognitive linguistics, English news
text, Russia-Ukraine war, influence.
РОЛЬ ХУДОЖНЬОГО ПЕРЕКЛАДУ У ФОРМУВАННІ ЛІТЕРАТУРНО-КУЛЬТУРНОГО ПРОСТОРУ І КОНСТРУЮВАННІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ
Authors: Ляшенко Тетяна
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the role of literary translation in the shaping of literary and cultural space and
construction of national identity. The research is carried out in line with the Cultural Studies approach
in Translation Studies, according to which literary translation is interpreted not as a purely linguistic
phenomenon, but primarily as a refl ection of a cultural tradition, a kind of projection of events of historical,
nation-building and nationwide dimensions. In particular, the author explains the need to rethink certain
concepts and methodological approaches in Translation Studies due to the dynamic interpretation of borders
and rethinking of the concept of identity. An attempt is made to identify the essential aspects of literary
translation as a form of interliterary interaction and intercultural communication. The paper illustrates the
distinction of the nation-building function of literary translation in Ukrainian Translation Studies. The
interrelationships between literary translation, culture and national identity are established. The polysphere
model of cultural space is outlined. Varieties of national identity are considered. The author characterizes
literary translation as an important practice of forming a national cultural space as a process of creation,
dissemination and consumption of such cultural texts as translated literature. Translators are participants
in intercultural communication, they create translations and facilitate their dissemination and reception in
various public spheres from the global to the niche levels around various generating centres. A cultural
centre-generator whose identity is in line with the national identity of the country and which makes deliberate
eff orts to ensure that its discursive identity is shared by the entire public sphere contributes to the formation
and strengthening of the national identity of its audience. The problem of the unity and integrity of the
national cultural space is caused by the cultural compatibility of all its public spheres, an important factor
of which is the use of language as a cultural code. The spread of electronic global communication and the
growing trend towards the use of a global language reduces the presence of the national language in the
global communication space, which leads to the levelling of national identities. In such circumstances, highquality
translation will help preserve the national identity of the cultural space.
Key words: literary translation, interliterary interaction, intercultural communication, translation
function, literary and cultural space, national identity, model of cultural space.
ІНТЕНСИФІКАЦІЯ У ДАВНЬОГРЕЦЬКИХ ЗВʼЯЗУЮЧИХ ПРОКЛЯТТЯХ
Authors: Чернюх Богдан
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the means of implementing illocutionary intensifi cation, which is one of the
characteristic features of ancient Greek curses. The theoretical basis of the study is the theory of performatives
and the three-level structure of the speech act proposed by J. Austin. The texts on which the research
was carried out can be interpreted as specifi c speech acts, since they are characterized by all the structural
elements identifi ed by J. Austin – locution, illocution, and perlocution. We will also refer to the c lassifi cation
of illocutionary acts by J. Searle. In addition, the research also used a number of traditional linguistic
methods, in particular, descriptive, contextual, component and pragmalinguistic analyses.
The illocutionary act is primarily realized at the level of predicates, among which there is a signifi cant
share of prefi xed verbs. They are usually used with de-semanticized prefi xes that do not change but intensify
the meaning of the base verb. In addition, the prefi x can emphasize the terminative character of the
verb, which is especially noticeable when combining a simple and a prefi xed verb formed from a common
base. Verbal intensifi cation can be implemented in four ways: using verbs with the same prefi x, combining
prefi xed and simple verbs, accumulating verbs with a similar meaning, using verbs formed from a common
base with diff erent prefi xes.
As an intensifying strategy in curses, repetitions are widely used, among which the dominant anaphora
is represented at all levels — from phonetic to syntactic. Repetition does not constitute a morphological
rule, but is rather occasional to express intensifi cation. It is shown that its main function in Ancient Greek
curse tablets is to express illocutionary intensifi cation modifying such Speech Acts as orders and requests.
For the most part, both mentioned means are combined within the text, sporadically supplemented
with “magic words”. The extensive use of prefi xed verbs, verb groups, and repetition in curses, which
rarely occurs in literary texts, is a feature of the language of magic. The combination of these elements,
supplemented by a ritualized action, was supposed to guarantee the eff ectiveness of the curse and achieve
the desired result for the addressee.
Key words: ancient Greek, curse, intensifi cation, illocutionary act, verb, prefi xation, repetition.
НОМІНАТИВНЕ ПОЛЕ СУБКОНЦЕПТУ ΜΑΝΙΑ В ДАВНЬОГРЕЦЬКІЙ МОВІ
Authors: Чернюх-Мацієвська Надія
Published: December 2024

The article focuses on the analysis of the nominative fi eld of the sub-concept ΜΑΝΙΑ in the Ancient
Greek language, which is one of the components of the macro-concept DISEASE, covering the entire complex
of signs which characterize abnormal human behavior.
For the completeness of the analysis, a number of methods were used, in particular, the descriptive
one, the method of conceptual, etymological and component analyses, and linguistic modeling. As a result of
the study, it was estab lished that the mentioned nominative fi eld is monocentric with a clearly defi ned core
and paranuclear and peripheral zones. The core consists of the lexemes formed from the root μαν- (μανία,
μανικóς, μαίνομαι together with composi tes), which are the most frequent ones and most fully realize the
“lack of mental adeq uacy” sema. The lexeme μανια is a term commonly used both in medical texts and in the
texts of other genres. In various contexts, it denotes extreme and excessive behavior and mental disorders.
The paranuclear zone includes lexemes which characterize various deviations from the norm and differ
from the keyword-name of the concept in shades of meaning. As a result of the semanti c analysis, the
lexemes were divided into four microfi elds: 1) “inadeq uacy of thinking and actions” (ἀβελτερία, ἀλογιστία,
ἀεσιφροσύνη, ἀλλοφρονέω, etc.); 2) “state of aff ect” (ἀδημονέω, δαιμονάω, λύσσα, μαργότης, ἔκστασις,
ἔκστασις , etc.); 3) “exaltation” (βακχεύω and verbs derived from it, βάκχευσις, ἐνθουσιάζω, ἐνθουσίασις,
etc.); 4) “morbid mental state” (παρανοέω, παράνοια, παραφροσύνη, φρενιτίζω, etc.).
The paranuclear zone also includes the commonly used lexemes to denote disease (νόσος, ἀρρωστία,
ἀσθένεια) specifi ed by the nouns φρήν, νοῦς, ψυχή. In the peripheral zone, the near and far periphery is
distinguished. The fi rst includes words in which the “lack of mental adequacy” seme is secondary although
motivated by the main lexical meaning (e.g., ἀάω, ἀνόητος, ἄλογος). The far periphery is represented by the
lexemes which acquire close (or identical) to the semantics of the nuclear lexeme meanings only in a certain
context; however, these meanings are not motivated by their basic lexical semantics, arising as a result of
metaphorization or ellipsis (eg: ἄλη, ἐλλέβορος, πῦρ, λῆρος, παρακοπή, etc.).
Key words: Ancient Greek language, nominative fi eld, sub-concept, lexeme, core, periphery.
ЧУЖИНКА: ПРОЄКЦІЯ АЛІЄНОВАНОЇ ЖІНОЧОЇ ОСОБИСТОСТІ В МАЛІЙ ПРОЗІ ДЖИН РІС
Authors: Поліщук Надія
Published: December 2024

The present study examines the prose texts written by Jean Rhys (1890–1979), a British woman writer
of modernist literature. It is based on the perusal of several short stories, among others: “In the Rue de
l’Arrivée”, “A Night”, “La Grosse Fifi ”; “Outside the Machine”, “The Lotus”, “Till September, Petronella”,
and “Let Them Call It Jazz” which were included in two collections of her fi ction – “The Left Bank and
Other Stories” (1927) and “Tigers are Better-Looking” (1968). The purpose of the paper is to analyze the
author’s concept of lonely, alienated, vulnerable and defenseless female individuals which forms the core
of her artistic imagination.
The scientifi c research uses gynocritics as its methodological background. According to the theory of
its critic E. Showalter, it was possible to identify four models of woman writing having been realized in Jean
Rhys’s short prose: a) psychoanalytic; b) biological; c) linguistic and d) cultural.
The psychoanalytic model of Rhys’s fi ction is viewed in the context of both the emotional and conscious
worlds of an alienated female identity. The woman protagonist being rejected by a hostile society, becomes
a stranger and outcast. The feelings of deep loneliness, pain, fear, and loss, intertwined with the death wish
and with resistance, determine the constants of female existence. An important aspect of woman personality
is the dimension of female friendship and solidarity.
The biological model of short prose by J. Rhys is explored through the concept of female corporeality.
The corporeal vulnerability of women protagonists is shown as a form of the fragility of their inner world.
An unattractive woman image created by the author manifests the psychological uncertainty and brittleness
of female characters. And a metaphor of the looking glass as a refl ection of their appearance reveals the
concept of the female Self as a loss which varies from the loss of a woman’s youth to the loss of feminine
identity or its splitting.
The linguistic model of Rhys’s short stories testifi es to the bipolar artistic world of the writer, which is
demonstrated at the confrontation between French and British cultures with the signs of laconism, subtext,
and silence as the main features of her writing manner. Meanwhile, the cultural model of J. Rhys’s prose is
read through the prism of the intertextual discourse of literature, music and painting.
Key words: loneliness, fear, suff ering, alienation, hostility, corporeality, vulnerability.
ВИВЧЕННЯ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ ЯК МІЖДЕРЖАВНОЇ МОВИ У XVIII–XIX СТОЛІТТЯХ
Authors: Мартинова Раїса
Published: December 2024

The article presents the analysis of the geopolitical prerequisites for the development of English as a
language of interstate communication, starting from the 18th to the middle of the 19th centuries. The goals
and methods of its study by various peoples of the world, depending on the geopolitical, economic and
educational levels of the states’ development and the needs of people in international contacts, have been
studied. The priority of the educational goal of teaching foreign languages has been proven, and therefore the
use of grammar-and-translation and lexical-and-translation teaching methods to achieve its implementation
have been described. The study and the analysis of the historical events that took place in the XVIII–
XIX centuries in most countries of Western Europe have been conducted. The characteristics of these teaching
methods have been provided; their principles, advantages and disadvantages have been determined, as well
as the signifi cance of their understanding for the improvement of modern foreign language technologies.
The analysis of this historical period showed that: 1) the geopolitical prerequisites for the use of English
as the language of interstate communication in the 18th century were the following: the development of the
English fl eet as one of the most powerful in the world with a highly developed military and technical base
and the largest trade and economic network, which caused the possession of the vast majority of sea routes
by the British; 2) the fi rst offi cial method of teaching English was the grammar-and-translation method,
which meant the realization of the educational goal through the awareness of the grammatical structure of
the language in order to understand the content of the authentic texts and the ability to translate them into the
native language; 3) the second offi cial method of teaching English was the lexical-and-translation method,
which also meant the realization of the educational goal but on the basis of lexical knowledge, not a grammar
one. The vocabulary was considered the main meaningful unit of speech. The speech was trained by reading
authentic texts, their literary translation into the native language, and oral reproduction of their content.
Both of these methods provided awareness of the linguistic foundations of the English language but
did not contribute to the implementation of its communicative function.
The study of these methods strengthens the signifi cance of the conscious, but exclusively practical
mastery of linguistic phenomena for the achievement of normative foreign language communication.
Key words: the English language, language of interstate communication, grammar-and-translation
method, lexical-and-translation method, XVIII–XIX centuries.
Morphological Evolution of Baghdad: Analyzing Urban Growth Patterns and Transformation Processes
Authors: Alobaydi Dhirgham , Rashid Mahbub
Published: December 2024

Urban landscape analysis is crucial for understanding the dynamics of urban transformation, especially in historic city centers. This study delves into the morphological evolution of Baghdad, focusing on its transformation from a historic nucleus to a vast metropolitan area. The primary objective is to identify mechanisms of transformation that bring about changes in the structure of the town center. Utilizing a combination of geographical-morphological methods, historical maps, and modern satellite imagery, the research identifies six distinct urban growth patterns—concentric, irregular strip, scattered, multi-nuclei, sectoral, and instant growth. The research methodology includes a detailed collection of historical maps from Western geographical travelers of the 18th and 19th centuries and modern satellite images to compare historical and contemporary urban forms. Data digitization processes were employed to prepare these maps for analysis, followed by boundary determination to track Baghdad’s expansion over time. The study integrates these digital maps to conduct temporal analyses, characterizing the main morphological phases from the historical nucleus to modern urban growth. The study is able to set forth how a complex interplay of physical, social, economic, and political forces has defined the urban form of Baghdad. Findings will make it possible to understand these growth processes for modern urban planning and design. The management of sustainable growth in a way that tackles sprawl, connectivity, and human scale in design requires a fusion of historical contexts with modern practices. This study offers the necessary information and direction for sustainable urban development in Baghdad as well as any other historic town elsewhere.
Some Properties of Sustainable Pervious Concrete Reinforced with Carbon Fibers
Authors: Kazem Demoa Jawad , Aljalawi Nada Mahdi
Published: December 2024

As a result of the rising amount of ceramic waste generated by demolition operations and the breaking down of ceramic products during transmission and production processes, the need to get rid of this waste increased. In addition to the importance of preserving natural resources, the trend has begun to utilize these wastes as a partial alternative to aggregates. In this research, it was studied to replace (30%) of the volume of coarse aggregate with crushed ceramic, replacing 10% by weight of cement with local metakaolin and Carbon fibers were added with (1%) by weight of the cementitious material in order to produce pervious concrete in terms of sustainability. Compressive strength, splitting, and density tests were performed. The results showed that the density of the mixture containing (30%) crushed ceramic decreased by (19.4 %) compared to the reference mixture. As for the results of the mixture containing (30%) crushed ceramic, (10%) metakaolin, and (1%) carbon fiber, it decreased compressive strength by (4.14%) and increased in splitting by (29.95 %) compared with the reference mixture at 28 days.
Determination of Optimum Mud Weight Window for Tanuma Formation in Southern Iraq
Authors: Abd Hussien Luqman , Abdul Hussein Hassan A.
Published: December 2024

تساهم مشاكل عدم استقرار الآبار في زيادة الوقت غير الإنتاجي، خاصة عند حفر الصخور الصخرية. في الماضي، كان الحفر يعاني من العديد من المشكلات، بما في ذلك فقدان الطين، والثقب الضيق، والأنابيب الملتصقة ميكانيكيًا، والتجويف، وانهيار الثقوب الكبيرة. الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو بناء نموذج الأرض الميكانيكية (MEM) لتقييم استقرار حفرة البئر. ومن خلال تطبيق MEM، ركزت الدراسة على تحديد مجموعة من الأوزان الطينية التي من شأنها ضمان السلامة وتحسين عملية حفر الآبار التطويرية. أشارت دراسة عدم استقرار حفرة البئر إلى أن العامل الرئيسي الذي ساهم في هذه المضاعفات هو عدم كفاية وزن الطين أثناء عملية الحفر في تكوين تنومة الصخري. علاوة على ذلك، مع تغير ميل حفرة البئر، تغيرت أيضًا كمية كثافة الحفر اللازمة لاختراق تكوين تنومة بشكل كبير. وفي تكوين التنومة يجب تجنب زوايا البئر التي تزيد عن 20 درجة، حسب النموذج. أشار النموذج إلى أن خطر انهيار الحفرة في تكوين تنومة انخفض نسبياً في اتجاه الشمال الغربي-الجنوبي (في اتجاه الحد الأدنى من الإجهاد الأفقي). بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كشف تحليل الحساسية أن نطاق التصميم الأمثل لوزن الطين في الآبار العمودية يتراوح بين 11 و14.9 جزء لكل جالون، وتضيق نافذة الطين عندما يتجاوز الانحراف 10 درجات. تقدم نتائج هذه الدراسة مساهمات كبيرة في فهم كيفية اختيار معايير الوزن الطيني المناسبة وتصميم عمليات الحفر لضمان الاستقرار وتقليل تكوين الصخر الزيتي في حفرة البئر (تكوين تنومة).
Permeability Prediction for Ajeel Oilfield/ Tertiary Reservoir by Integrating Rock Typing Approach with FZI Method
Authors: Ahmed Vian M. , Al-Haleem Ayad A.
Published: December 2024

يعد التنبؤ بالنفاذية أمرًا بالغ الأهمية في توصيف المكمن لبناء نماذج مكمن ثلاثية الأبعاد. المكمن الثلاثي لحقل عجيل النفطي عبارة عن مكمن كربونات معقد يتكون من تكوينات جيولوجية متعددة الطبقات وأنواع صخرية مختلفة. يمثل فهم سلوك تدفق السوائل في المكمن الثلاثي تحديات كبيرة. في هذا البحث يتم دمج أنواع الصخور عن طريق تقنيات التحليل العنقودي مع طريقة مؤشر منطقة التدفق (FZI) لتصنيف المكامن إلى وحدات تدفق هيدروليكي في الآبار الماخوذة فيها لباب، ولهذا الغرض، تم تصنيف صخور المكمن وتقسيم مناطق المكمن وفقًا لخصائص بتروفيزيائية مماثلة أفقيًا وعموديًا. يحدد التحليل العنقودي، الذي يستخدم بيانات جس الآبار من ثمانية آبار، أربعة أنواع مختلفة من الصخور في المكمن الثلاثي. إن إنشاء الارتباطات بين النفاذية اللباب والمسامية اللباب لوحدات التدفق المختلفة اعتمادًا على مؤشر جودة المكمن باستخدام طريقة FZI يوفر أربع وحدات تدفق هيدروليكي داخل المكمن الثلاثي. يتم تأكيد اعتمادية الطريقة من خلال معامل الارتباط الجيد (R² = 0.81) بين النفاذية المقاسة من FZI والنفاذية اللباب. إن استخدام بيانات سجل البئر لتصنيف صخور المكمن وإنشاء ارتباطات بين أنواع الصخور المحددة ومعادلات النفاذية المستمدة من طريقة FZI يتيح التنبؤ بالنفاذية في الآبار و المقاطع الغير ماخوذة فيها لباب من بيانات جس الابار.
The Feasibility of Using Lignin as Modifier for Asphalt Cement
Authors: Asad Aya K. , Albayati Amjad H.
Published: December 2024

Modifying asphalt cement is an effective approach to enhance the performance of asphalt concrete. This study evaluates the physical properties of lignin-modified asphalt (LMA) at various lignin percentages. The initial step involved extracting lignin from the pinus wood sawdust using the soda process. Subsequently, the extracted Soda Lignin Powder (SLP) was characterized through Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (SEM/EDX) to examine the changes in the chemical structure of lignin after extraction by soda process. Following this, three asphalt blends containing varying amounts of SLP (2%, 4%, 6%) by weight of asphalt cement were produced to assess physical properties such as penetration, softening point, ductility, and rotational viscosity test. The findings indicate that incorporating SLP into asphalt cement increases stiffness and viscosity compared to virgin asphalt cement, with increasing SLP content. These results suggest that lignin presents significant enhancement to the performance of asphalt cement under high service temperature conditions.
Effect of (LECA) as a Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate on Some Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete
Authors: Ghanem Hiba Hassan , Awad Hadeel Khaled
Published: December 2024

This study investigates fresh and hardened self-compacting concrete properties. LECA will be used in place of coarse aggregate in (0, 20, 40, and 60) % proportions in a partial replacement. First, four SCC mixes were made based on LECA volume fraction and then the second group was made by adding 1% glass fiber by volume to group one's mixes. Hardened concrete after 7, 28, and 56 days was tested for density, water absorption, and (compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural) strengths. Results suggest that LECA increases workability. Rising LECA percentage decreases compressive strength; for 60% LECA, the decrease was (51.90, 45.34, and 41.26) % for 7, 28, and 56 days, respectively. With 60% LECA replacement, flexural strength decreased by (54.38, 33.80, and 32.78) % for 7, 28, and 56 days, respectively. Density drops significantly with LECA, reaching its lower density at (60) % of LECA. Water absorption rises with the increase of LECA. After adding glass fiber workability dropped significantly, and hardened characteristics improved. Compressive strength increased slightly compared to the same mixtures without glass fibers. At20% of LECA the compressive strength increased by (5.58%) at 28 days compared to (60%) LECA at which the compressive strength increased by (3.82%). Glass fiber addition increased flexural strength significantly compared to the same mixes without glass fibers. The mixture with (20%) LECA had the greatest increase (24.46%) in 28 days, compared to the mix with (60%) LECA (18.22%). Density increased slightly with glass fibers. Glass fibers increase water absorption compared to the same mixes without glass fiber.
Applying Artificial Neural Networks with Bourgoyne and Young Model to Predict Rate of Penetration in Al-Garraf Oil Field
Authors: AL-Assad Ebrahim A. , Hamd-Allah Sameera M.
Published: December 2024

يعتبر توقع معدل الاختراق  أمرا حاسما لعمليات حفر آبار النفط الآمنة والفعالة من حيث التكلفة. يمثل نموذج بورغوين ويانج  نهجا قائما على المعادلات واسع الاستخدام تم تطويره في عام 1974 لتوقع معدل الاختراق  في آبار النفط بناءً على الانحدار الخطي المتعدد.
الشبكة العصبية الاصطناعية (ANN) هي تقنية تعلم آلي تقوم بتحليل البيانات وتقديم التوقعات. وقد تم إجراء العديد من الدراسات حول استخدام نموذج BYM على مستوى العالم، كما تم إجراء دراسات أخرى لتحسينه في ظروف مختلفة. الشبكات الصناعية الاصطناعية تستخدم أيضًا في هذه المجالات وقد حققت أداءً جيدًا.
تقترح هذه الدراسة الاستفادة من مميزات كل من الشبكات العصبية التغذوية الأمامية  من نموذج الشبكة العصبية الاصطناعية  ومعادلات نموذج بورغوين ويونغ وتوظيفها في توقع معدل الاختراق. إن دمج معادلات نموذج بورغوين ويونغ مع الشبكة الصناعية الاصطناعية  لتوقع معدل الاختراق يعني استخدام النموذج القائم على المعادلات إلى جانب قوة وقدرات التعلم الآلي لتحسين دقة وفعالية توقع معدل الاختراق في آبار النفط.
يُظهر النهج المقترح  ارتفاعًا في R2، وقلة في مجموع الاخطاء (البقايا) ، وقيمة P-value تساوي صفر، يشير هذا إلى أن النهج الحالي ذو قيمة كأداة مناسبة للتنبؤ الدقيق بمعدل الاختراق لخطط الحفر المستقبلية.
Bio-cementations: A Review on Enzyme and Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation Mechanisms and Applications in Geotechnical Engineering
Authors: Ali Mustafa S. , Almurshedi Alaa D.
Published: December 2024

Modern methods to improve soil must deal with sustainable and green building purposes, and precipitated calcite is the most modern bio-cementation method to improve soil sustainably. Enzyme-induced calcite precipitation and microbially-induced calcite precipitation are precipitated calcite's best branches in bio-cemented soil improvement. EICP and MICP contain calcium chloride, urea, water, urease enzyme and other chemical materials (for MICP As nutrients for bacteria) that are mixed together to precipitate calcium carbonate in the soil. The precipitated calcium carbonate was worked as a binder between soil particles, filling the void and improving the soil's properties. By utilizing this technique in the field, several researchers were able to achieve favorable outcomes in the areas of soil improvement and other engineering applications, including concrete repair and other applications, while also taking into consideration the objectives of sustainability. treatment carried out on soils with one or many cycles of the treatment solution. The treatment revealed a significant improvement in the value of unconfined compression strength, compared to untreated soils. During certain experiments, the unconfined compression strength revealed that soils treated with the enzyme approach exhibited higher values compared to soils treated with a mixture containing a certain proportion of regular Portland cement. The encouraging outcomes that were achieved through the utilization of this test in both the laboratory and the field can be utilized in large-scale operations. Till now, this method has been considered under study. In Iraq there are no any research in term of EICP treatment while there are several research about using MICP in soil treatment.
Optimization of Work Posture at PT. XYZ: Analysis of the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) Method to Improve Health and Productivity
Authors: Panjaitan Nismah , Silitonga Niken Kristin , Lubis Juni Arta , Faris Muhammad Zaky
Published: December 2024

The study at PT. Fenyen Agro Lestari identified poor work postures that affect worker health and productivity. Using the REBA method, the boiler department had the highest risk (score 11), followed by the maintenance (score 6) and Laboratory (score 4). Immediate ergonomic improvements are recommended to reduce musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs).  The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of poor working posture on workers' musculoskeletal health in various departments of PT. Fenyen Agro Lestari, Indonesia and recommend ergonomic improvements to reduce the risk of MSDs. The methodology involves REBA for postural assessment, collecting musculoskeletal complaints via questionnaires, and analyzing data to recommend ergonomic improvements. The findings revealed that poor postures cause significant musculoskeletal disorders, especially in the Boiler department, highlighting the need for ergonomic improvements. This study is novel in that it applies the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method to a specific context within PT. Fenyen Agro Lestari, provides tailored ergonomic recommendations for multiple departments and addresses gaps in existing research on posture-related musculoskeletal disorders in the industry. The study’s limitations include a focus on only three departments, potential observer bias, and reliance on subjective questionnaire data, which may not fully capture all musculoskeletal issues or account for variations in individual worker experiences.
Red-Green-Blue (RGB) Image Classification Using Deep Learning To Predict Sugarcane Crop Age
Authors: Pawar Swati. P. , Pawar Prashant. M. , Deshmukh Bhagyashri M.
Published: December 2024

Traditional sugarcane growth monitoring methods are time-consuming and error-prone. This study investigated the use of deep learning to automate and enhance the accuracy of sugarcane growth stage classification. The study develops deep learning-based system that leverages high-resolution drone imagery for precise sugarcane age classification, thereby enabling accurate identification of the growth stages. High-resolution drone images were captured at various stages of sugarcane growth and were stitched together to form a comprehensive dataset. Segmentation of isolated areas of interest for analysis. The ResNet-50 deep learning model, enhanced with an additional fully connected layer, was used to classify the growth stages. The model was trained on cropped image sections, and its performance was compared to other deep learning architectures, such as GoogLeNet and VGG, to evaluate its accuracy. The ResNet-50 model outperformed other architectures, achieving 91% accuracy in classifying growth stages, demonstrating its effectiveness in agricultural image analysis and its potential to advance precision agriculture. This study is the first to apply deep learning to sugarcane age classification using high-resolution drone imagery, and it sets a new benchmark for agricultural image analysis. The dataset containing drone images from specific sugarcane fields may limit the model’s generalizability to different regions and environmental conditions.
The Effect of Power Outages on Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises in South Africa
Authors: Saah Paul , Mbohwa Charles
Published: December 2024

The frequent power outages in South Africa have had a detrimental impact on the nation’s economy overall and on small and medium-sized enterprises in particular. The goal of this study is to determine how load shedding affects small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in South Africa. The research design pinpoints practical ways to reduce the negative effects of power outages on these companies. This study adopts a quantitative research approach. Fifty SME owners and managers from the Mahikeng local municipality were selected to represent the entire country using a descriptive single cross-sectional design and a non-probability convenience sample technique. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), Version 27.0, was used to evaluate the collected data. The findings of the study indicate that load shedding has caused significant operational problems for South African small enterprises since 2008. As a result, to maintain output, many companies have had to make adaptations, including establishing backup power solutions and moving to manual labor. SMEs continue to face significant challenges because of the high cost of backup systems, the increase in criminal activity during blackouts, and the requirement for open and positive customer relations, despite efforts to mitigate these consequences. The present study underscores the criticality of SMEs’ investments in crime prevention strategies and dependable backup power systems in Mafikeng and throughout South Africa to mitigate the adverse impacts of ongoing load shedding on commercial operations and economic stability. It is underlined that maintaining client confidence and ensuring continued business performance despite these challenges requires effective customer relationship management.
Tool Wear Monitoring in Hard Turning Using Sensor Fusion: An analytical approach
Authors: Kene Amarjit , Tamboli Dipti , Patel Rajni , Ronge Pooja
Published: December 2024

At present, the life expectancy of tool has become a vital aspect in the manufacturing industries, especially where materials with high hardness have more importance. Nowadays hard steel has been widely used for manufacturing of commercial parts in military aircrafts, car systems and hydraulic tools, etc. Manufacturing industries, mainly concentrates on mass production of the products with precision and accuracy. In such cases the continuous machining may weaken the tool causing tool wear which ultimately affects the quality with production rate. To avoid such an unwanted scenario, different tool wear prediction techniques have been introduced which uses cutting force signals or average chip-tool interface temperature or surface roughness signals, etc. According to the literature, different techniques are available for the pre-judgment of the tool wear that shows variation in the accuracy of prediction. Sensor fusion technique can be employed to overcome this problem by combining data from different sensors intelligently to improve the process. Sensor fusion uses this combined data to correct deficiencies of individual sensors and predict the tool wear accurately which compensate for the sudden breakage of the tool in real life applications. In this paper, a new approach of tool wear prediction has been introduced to correlate different available sensor by using sensor fusion technique. Also, a mathematical approach has been derived for the sensor fusion purpose. The experimentation has been carried out using coated carbide inserts on 55 HRC hardened steel.
Assessing the Status and Challenges of Sole Proprietor Garment Businesses: Insights for Operational Enhancement
Authors: Estebal Ma. Elena C. , Natividad Merlina B.
Published: December 2024

A sole proprietorship is without a doubt, the simplest form of business organization. Garment business on the other hand is considered as one of the most popular ventures among women entrepreneurs in the Philippines. This study aimed to determine the status, issues and concerns of sole garment business in Taguig City to serve as basis for a proposal towards enhanced operations. It also attempted to determine the issues and concerns encountered in women entrepreneurs and their employees in the course of running the business. The descriptive method of research was used and it involved twelve (12) proprietors and fifty (50) employees as respondents. The data were analyzed and interpreted using the frequency, percentage, weighted mean and t-test. Results revealed that the respondents strongly agree on objective of the sole garment business, personnel, capital investments, operations requirements, wages and benefits, and supply of raw materials as vital factors for enhanced operations of sole garment business. The null hypothesis that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of the proprietors and employees on the status of sole garment business was accepted when it came to personnel, capital investments, operations requirements and wages and benefits. However, such null hypothesis was rejected when it came to objectives, raw materials supply, and equipment. As to issues and concerns encountered in sole garment business, the need for technologically advanced equipment came first, management style was ranked second, keeping up with fast fashion trend came in third while supply of raw materials was ranked fourth and inadequacy of business capitals came in the fifth rank.
Characteristic features of the activities of Muslim educational institutions in Kabardino-Balkaria between 1992 and 2005
Authors: Shibzukhov M. M.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of specific features of the process of formation and development of the Islamic education system in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in the early 90s of the XX century and in the mid of the first decade of the XXI century. The author, based on a comprehensive analysis of scientifi c papers, studies the specifi cs of the emergence and development of the structure of Muslim educational institutions in the CBD in the early 1990s and in the mid of the 2000s. The paper considers the role of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the republic in the creation of a complex of higher and secondary educational Islamic institutions in the CBD between 1992 and 2005. The author examines the totality of theological, socio-economic and political problems that arose during the formation of Muslim spiritual education in Kabardino-Balkaria, and measures aimed at overcoming them.
Building an interfaith dialogue to prevent conflicts on religious grounds within the state (taking the example of the interaction between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Muslim community in the Russian Federation)
Authors: Gorstka D. N. , Shestakova S. M.
Published: December 2024

This article examines the main aspects of interreligious relations between Orthodox and Muslims. Special attention will be paid to the historical, cultural and social contexts that shape the modern relationship between these two religious communities. An emphasis on understanding and respecting diff erences can promote peaceful coexistence and mutual understanding. In the modern world, interreligious relations occupy an important place in social and political life. Islam and Orthodoxy, being two of the world's largest religions represented in Russia, often find themselves in the spotlight due to diff erences in teachings. Studying their interaction helps to understand many aspects of intercultural dialogue and conflict, which has remained relevant for centuries.
The Women's Islamic Community in Modern Kazan: Resources, Religious Authority and the Tatar Factor
Authors: Garaev D. M.
Published: December 2024

The presented article develops the thesis that Muslim women in Kazan act as actors who, in accordance with their needs, seek to change the structural conditions of their lives. In particular, it is about getting new positions, guaranteeing resources in the form of new knowledge, education and social stability. Positioning yourself as a moral subject allows you to get a new authoritative role, which makes it possible to advance your understanding of many Muslim and national traditions and symbols. In the context of modern society, Muslim women of Kazan emphasize the importance of education as a tool for emancipation. They strive to obtain higher education not only for personal development, but also to create a new social status. This desire to go beyond traditional roles is a manifestation of their desire for social justice and equality. Muslim women transmit their understanding of such important issues as women's Muslim clothing and the language of communication to the Islamic community of Tatarstan.
Family Relations of Muslims in the Post-Soviet Space: Main Features and Approaches to Psychological Counseling
Authors: Pavlova O. S.
Published: December 2024

The family relations of Muslims under present-day conditions are undergoing a signifi cant transformation. The increase in the number of divorces makes it necessary to look for the ways to resolve family confl icts and to harmonize marital relations. In this regard, the requirements for the qualifi cation of family psychologists consulting Muslim couples and families are increasing. It is not enough to master one or another method of family counseling for working with Muslim families. The most important role is played by the formation of the specialist's intercultural competence, as well as by mastering the knowledge and understanding the ethnic, religious and regional specifi cs of the clients. The culture of Muslim ethnic groups is collectivistic, which aff ects the relationships both within a married couple and within an extended family, whose role in Muslim communities is still important. In the article, this thesis is illustrated by the analysis of the author's practical case of family counseling. The author, based on the consideration of ethnic and religious values underlying Muslim family relations, examines the most eff ective psychotherapeutic approaches in working with Muslim families and couples.
International Summit on Islamic Psychology 2024 in Indonesia: Review of Reports and the First Results
Authors: Zulaifah E.
Published: December 2024

The article provides an overview of the speeches of the main speakers at the Islamic Psychology Summit-2024 (IPS-2024), held in October 2024 in Yogyakarta (Indonesia). The theme of the summit is: “The Transformative Power of Islamic Principles in Elevating Human Dignity”. The summit is organized by the International Association of Muslim Psychologists and the largest State University of Gadjah Mada (Indonesia). The summary of reports from speakers from different countries presented in the article allows us to see the main contexts in which Islamic Psychology and psychological counseling and therapy for Muslims are developing at the present time. It is shown that by using the methods and practices of Islamic Psychology, Muslims strive to resolve socio-psychological problems of an individual and of the society, and to develop science and educational programs and social support for Muslims around the world, and to contribute to the growth of spiritual and psychological well-being.
Finding Effective Factor for Circular Economy Using Uncertain MCDM Approach
Authors:   Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Greater Kolkata College of Engineering and Management, West Bengal, India, Biswas Aditi , Gazi Kamal Hossain ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, 741249, India, Mondal Sankar Prasad ,   Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Greater Kolkata College of Engineering and Management, West Bengal, India
Published: December 2024

The paper aims to analyze the efficiency of the related criterion for adopting the circular economy concepts. The five related criteria, namely sustainability, resource management, product lifespan, collaboration and partnerships, and technology-innovation, are considered to formulate the decision-making models. For methodology, interval-valued DEMATEL is considered. Multi expert’s data sets are taken to reach the final decision. Finally, analysis of the result in an uncertain environment and the scatter diagram to examine the dependency among the criteria.
An integrated geothermal resource assessment and techno-economic analysis in Presidio County of the Trans-Pecos region of Texas
Authors: Bhattacharya Shuvajit , Wisian Kenneth , Young Bissett , Ross Malcolm , Khaled Mohamed , Arasada Rama , Wang Qiqi , Chapman David , Turan Aysegul
Published: December 2024

Presidio County of the Trans-Pecos region of Texas has substantial, undeveloped geothermal resources. We conduct a thorough, multi-scale characterization of geothermal resources and assess techno-economics for power generation and direct use facilities. We integrate surface geology, high-resolution gravity, borehole geophysical logs, and core data for subsurface characterization and carry out detailed techno-economics, considering enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) and closed-loop geothermal systems (CLGS) technologies. Techno-economic analysis shows that the geothermal resource development in Presidio County could be economically viable for a wide range of project scenarios for power generation and direct use. However, the economic outlook of geothermal project developments in the study area are varied and range from poor to excellent, depending on reservoir depth, temperature, completion technologies, and target areas for utilization. The Border region of the study area has the best quality geothermal resources. The geothermal gradient in the Border region is significantly high (~47°C/km), indicating a shallow drilling depth to reach a target temperature. The Interior Region has a cooler geothermal gradient of ~29°C/km. Not much information is available from the Big Bend Region, regarding the deep geothermal potential. New higher resolution geophysical surveys and drilling new wells can help improve our understanding of the geothermal potential in the study area.