bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARI EKMEĞİNİN ALZHEİMER SIÇAN MODELİNDE KARACİĞER 5HT2B ARACILI GLUKOZ DÜZENLEMESİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Afşar Ebru , Doğan Kadirhan , Kantar Gül Deniz , Kuzzu Alev Duygu
Published: October 2024

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada Alzheimer hastalığının (AH) sıçan mo-delinde arı ekmeğinin insülin, serotonin (5-hidroksitriptamin, 5-HT) ve leptin hormonlarında meydana getireceği değişimin glukoz regülasyonu ve kilo değişimi üzerindeki etkisinin ince-lenmesi amaçlanmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Alzheimer hastalığı sıçan modeli, lateral ventriküllere intraserebroventriküler (i.c.v.) Streptozotosin (STZ) enjeksiyonu yoluyla oluşturuldu. Arı ekmeği uygulaması, STZ enjeksiyonundan sonra 3 hafta boyunca oral gavaj ile gerçek-leştirildi. Plazmada leptin, insülin, 5-HT düzeyleri ile karaciğer dokusunda leptin, insülin, 5-HT, 5HT reseptör 2B (5HT2B), glu-koz taşıyıcı 2 (GLUT2), glukoz 6-fosfataz (G6paz) düzeyleri Elisa kit ile ölçüldü. Açlık kan glukoz düzeyleri glukometre kullanıla-rak ölçüldü ve İnsülin Direnci İçin Homeostatik Model Değer-lendirmesi (HOMA-IR) düzeyleri formül kullanılarak hesaplandı. Her bir sıçanın ağırlık değişimi, başlangıç ağırlıklarının son ağır-lıklarından çıkarılmasıyla hesaplandı. BULGULAR: AH grubunda bulunan sıçanların açlık kan glukoz, plazma insülin ve HOMA-IR düzeyleri ile karaciğer 5-HT, plazma 5-HT ve leptin düzeylerinin azaldığı, karaciğer 5-HT2B ve GLUT-2 düzeyleri ile kilo kaybının arttığı görüldü. Arı ekmeği teda-visinin bu hayvanlarda karaciğer 5-HT2B, G6paz düzeyleri ve plazma leptin düzeylerini önemli ölçüde artırdığı, ayrıca plazma 5-HT, karaciğer 5-HT ve GLUT-2 düzeyleri ile kilo kaybını belirgin şekilde artırdığı görüldü. Ayrıca arı ekmeğinin plazma insülin düzeyini etkilemeden açlık kan glukoz düzeylerini azalttığı sap-tandı. SONUÇ: Bu sonuçlar, AH grubundaki sıçanların karaciğer doku-sunda glukoz metabolizmasının anti-diyabetik savunma siste-mi oluşturacak şekilde modüle edildiğini gösterdi. Arı ekmeği uygulamasının Alzheimer oluşturulmuş sıçanlarda leptin aracılı insülin duyarlılığını artırarak açlık kan glukoz düzeylerini azalt-tığı saptandı.
DİFERANSİYE TİROİD KANSERLİ HASTALARDA TİROTROPİN SUPRESYON DÜZEYİNİN DİYASTOLİK KALP FONKSİYONLARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Alphan Üç Ziynet , Çelik Semih , Candan Ozkan
Published: October 2024

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı opere diferansiye tiroid kanserli (DTK) hastalarda tiroid-stimüle edici hormon (TSH) supresyon düzeylerine göre kardiyak yapı ve diyastolik fonksiyonlardaki değişikliklerin araştırılmasıdır.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Kesitsel olarak dizayn edilen bu araştırmaya hastanemiz endokrinoloji polikliniğinde takipli, tiroid cerrahisi sonrası bir yıldan uzun süredir tiroid hormon replasmanı ve TSH supresyon tedavisi alan 125 DTK’lı hasta dahil edildi. Çalışmamızda olgular American Thyroid Association (ATA) 2015 kılavuzu risk değerlendirmelerine uygun olarak gruplara ayrılmıştır. Buna göre hastalar birinci grup TSH seviyesi <0,1 mIU/L olanlar (n:30), ikinci grup TSH düzeyi 0,1-0,5 mIU/L arasında olanlar (n:56) ve üçüncü grup ise TSH düzeyi 0,5-2 mIU/L arasında olanlar (n:39) şeklinde üç gruba kategorize edilmiştir. İlk iki grup supresyon, 3. grup ise replasman (kontrol) grubu olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm hastalara M-mode ve pulse-vave doku dopler ekokardiyografi yapılmıştır.
BULGULAR: Sol ventrikül diyastol sonu çapı (EDD), TSH aralığı <0,1 mIU/L olan grupta, replasman grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha uzun bulunmuştur (45,35±3,54 ve 42,74±6,08; p=0,016). Yine erken diastolik dolumda mitral kapak velositesini gösteren E velocity grup 1 de, replasman grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulunmuştur (0,7(0,6-0,8) ve 0,84(0,7-0,98); p=0,010). A, E’ velositeleri ve E/A oranı gruplar arasında farklılık göstermemiştir.
SONUÇ: Diferansiye tiroid kanseri nedeniyle TSH supresyon tedavisi alan hastalarda, klinik semptom olmamasına rağmen, farklı TSH supresyon düzeylerinde, miyokard yapı ve fonksiyonlarında değişiklikler farklı olabilmektedir. Diyastolik disfonksiyonun erken saptanması açısından özellikle yüksek riskli DTK grubunda kardiyak değerlendirmelerin yapılması önemlidir. TSH supresyonu yapılan hastaların takiplerinin aksatılmaması ve supresyon seviyelerinin bireysel olarak uyarlanması gereklidir.
General Skills Training for Public Employees Experimental: Evidence on Cybersecurity Training in Argentina
Authors: Keefer Philip , Roseth Benjamin , Santamaria Julieth
Published: October 2024

Cyberattacks have risen to become one of the most critical global risks. Despite increasing investments to combat cyberattacks, there remains a significant, often unnoticed vulnerability: employees. Previous literature reveals that over two-thirds of cyberattacks within organizations result from employee negligence. While strengthening cybersecurity through employee training is essential, traditional methods often fall short. In this study, we tested different approaches to reduce risk exposure to phishing, one of the most common types of cyberattacks, focusing on a sector and context unaddressed by previous literature: the public sector in a developing country (Argentina). We randomly allocated 1,918 public servants to a control group and two treatment groups to compare the effectiveness of online trainingcommonly used to promote behavior changes on ancillary workplace topics such as ethics, discrimination, and data protectionversus a "learning-by-doing" approach, which involved sending repeated phishing emails followed by educational emails. Our findings indicate that the learning-by-doing approach is superior for enhancing phishing email detection, resulting in fewer phishing emails opened, fewer clicks on phishing links, and improved reporting of suspicious emails. This strategy is particularly effective among permanent public officials compared to contractors, as well as among female employees. These findings not only inform organizational cybersecurity practices but also have broader implications for influencing employee behavior on other important workplace topics.
Structural response of reinforced LECA aggregate concrete slabs subjected to high temperatures
Authors: S. Klak Fadya , M. Jomaa'h Muyasser
Published: October 2024

This work reports tests conducted on nine one-way reinforced concrete slabs using lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) as a slab weight reduction technique. Every slab had the same dimensions, steel reinforcement, and the same composition of concrete. The slabs were heated from their bottom faces through a fire chamber and subjected to a sustained line load. The specimens’ fire resistance performance and mechanical characteristics were evaluated after they had undergone the same testing conditions. The study parameters were the replacement of coarse aggregate with different percentages of LECA (20%, 40%), and different temperatures (400 ℃ and 700 ℃). Compared to the reinforced normal-weight concrete slab, the reinforced LECA aggregate concrete slabs’ fire resistance and flexural strength decreased by LECA. The slabs’ deflection rose as the LECA increased. The largest increase in slab deflection was 37.2%, while the most notable decrease in ultimate load capacity was roughly 35.1%. The stiffness depreciation was substantial, though, at roughly 50%. The results for LECA-reinforced aggregate slabs not exposed to high temperatures support this conclusion. Reinforced LECA aggregate slabs maintained structural integrity after fire testing.
Новое содержание «серебряного» волонтерства в условиях СВО (на материалах Белгородской области)
Authors: Ельникова Галина Алексеевна , Бекетов Кирилл Владимирович
Published: October 2024

«Серебряное» волонтерство является значимым феноменом социальной реальности, нацеленным на активное участие пожилых людей в общественной жизни и их самореализацию, а также на решение важных проблем современного социума. Это динамичное социальное явление, которое под воздействием изменяющихся условий может менять свои смыслы, содержание и направленность. Особую ценность «серебряное» волонтерство приобретает в чрезвычайных условиях, когда резко возрастает количество нуждающихся в разного рода поддержке и помощи людей. Поэтому изучение опыта деятельности «серебряного» волонтерства в экстремальных условиях СВО, которая осуществляется в прифронтовой Белгородской области, и его теоретическое обобщение является чрезвычайно важным и актуальным. Исследовательская проблема заключается в том, что при значительном количестве научной литературы по теме «серебряного» волонтерства, деятельность данного социального феномена в чрезвычайных условиях еще совсем не изучена. Целью статьи является представление результатов исследования деятельности «серебряных» волонтеров Белгородской области в условиях СВО. Эмпирической базой исследования послужил анализ документов управления социальной защиты г. Белгорода (2009−2024 гг.); результатов анкетирования пожилых людей, обратившихся в органы соцзащиты (2021, n=87) и интервьюирования (декабрь 2023, n=23). При анализе был использован сравнительный метод. Результаты исследования демонстрируют как повышение активности пожилых волонтеров, так и изменение смыслов и содержания в их деятельности, выдвигая на первый план помощь нуждающимся вместо проблемы самореализации, доминирующей в стабильных условиях.
Вторичная профилактика делинквентного поведения подростков: межведомственный подход
Authors: Антонова Анастасия Сергеевна
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблемы организации вторичной профилактики девиантного поведения подростков на основе данных прикладного исследования, которое было проведено в г. Белгороде в 2023-2024 году. Полученные данные контент-анализа документов, опроса экспертов, и стандартизированное интервью подростков с делинквентным поведением подтвердили авторскую гипотезу о наличии сложностей в организации межведомственного взаимодействия субъектов, занимающихся профилактической работой, в том числе, образовательных учреждений, правоохранительных органов. Проблемы главным образом связаны с отсутствием единого подхода и общего плана проведения профилактической работы с несовершеннолетним, формализмом и недостаточным вниманием нормализации отношений в семьях правонарушителей. Вместе с тем, именно в стабилизации внутрисемейных отношений и коррекции социального окружения подростков, организации полезной занятости подростков специалисты и сами дети видят ключ к возможному решению проблемы.
Predicting Assignment Submissions in a Multi-class Classification Problem
Authors: Drăgulescu Bogdan , Bucos Marian , Vasiu Radu
Published: October 2024

Predicting student failure is an important task that can empower educators to counteract the factors that affect student performance. In this paper, a part of the bigger problem of predicting student failure is addressed: predicting the students that do not complete their assignment tasks. For solving this problem, real data collected by our university’s educational platform was used. Because the problem consisted of predicting one of three possible classes (multi-class classification), the appropriate algorithms and methods were selected. Several experiments were carried out to find the best approach for this prediction problem and the used data set. An approach of time segmentation is proposed in order to facilitate the prediction from early on. Methods that address the problems of high dimensionality and imbalanced data were also evaluated. The outcome of each approach is shown and compared in order to select the best performing classification algorithm for the problem at hand.
Integrated Usability Testing
Authors: Ternauciuc Andrei , Vasiu Radu
Published: October 2024

It is essential to regularly test the usability of a learning management system, in order to ensure a fast adoption by new users and rapidly shift the focus from the platform to the content and the learning experience. Quantitative testing yields the most reliable results due to the large number of data points acquired, but lacks the in-depth analysis of the qualitative research from a controlled testing setup.
We are proposing in this paper an integrated usability testing tool, which can replace a certain type of laboratory testing, where the users’ actions on the real platform are measured and analyzed.
We conducted tests with the tool and compared the results with a small scale laboratory test using the same scenarios. The results seem to confirm the proposed tool as a viable alternative to the laboratory test.
Anticipatory Cyber Security Research: An Ultimate Technique for the First-Move Advantage
Authors: Rawal Bharat S. , Liang Songjie , Loukili Alae , Duan Qiang
Published: October 2024

Across all industry segments, 96 percent of systems could be breached on average. In the game of cyber security, every moment a new player (attacker) is entering the game with new skill sets. An attacker only needs to be effective once while defenders of cyberspace have to be successful all of the time. There will be a first-mover advantage in such a chasing game, which means that the first move often wins. In this paper, in order to face the security challenges brought in by attacker’s first move advantage, we analyzed the past ten years of cyber-attacks, studied the immediate attack’s pattern and offer the tools to predict the next move of the cyber attacker.
Investigation Effects of Narrowing Rotor Pole Embrace to Efficiency and Cogging Torque at PM BLDC Motor
Authors: Ocak Cemil , Tarimer Ilhan , Dalcali Adem , Uygun Durmus
Published: October 2024

Engineers think that pole embrace size of a PM BLDC motor affects directly the efficiency and the torque. Dealing with theexperimental research, in the studywe have investigated the effects of narrowing rotor pole embrace step by step by changing sizes parametrically. By doing so, high efficiency and low cogging torque would have been obtained for a 20 W PM BLDC motor. In order to do this,pole arc to pole pitch ratio of magnets at the rotor poles has been changed parametrically (0.5 to 1) by genetic algorithm methodfirst. Then the electromagnetic field dispersions, output parameters of the motor, new rotor constructions have been obtained; and new pole embrace has been derived from the variation of pole arc to pole pitch ratio. We have also calculatedthe magnetic flux distribution, output power, torque, cogging torque and efficiency values analytically and the effects of new pole embrace to motor efficiency and torque have been simulated. The developed 18 slots, 6 poles, surface mounted inner runner configuration rotor machine is proposed as to be used insmall dentistry apparatus.
Automatic Thermal Control System with Temperature Difference or Derivation Feedback
Authors: Matiskova Darina , Kotus Martin , Balara Milan
Published: October 2024

Automatic thermal control systems seem to be non-linear systems with thermal inertias and time delay. A controller is also non-linear because its information and power signals are limited. The application of methods that are available to on-linear systems together with computer simulation and mathematical modelling creates a possibility to acquire important information about the researched system. This paper provides a new look at the heated system model and also designs the structure of the thermal system with temperature derivation feedback. The designed system was simulated by using a special software in Turbo Pascal. Time responses of this system are compared to responses of a conventional thermal system. The thermal system with temperature derivation feedback provides better transients, better quality of regulation and better dynamical properties.
Scrutinizing Systematic Literature Review Process in Software Engineering
Authors: Stapic Zlatko , de-Marcos Luis , Strahonja Vjeran , Garcia-Cabot Antonio , Lopez Eva Garcia
Published: October 2024

Performing the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) in the turbulent field of Software Engineering (SE) brings different obstacles and uncertainties. The commonly used guidelines for performing the SLR in this field are adapted from health sciences and presented by Kitchenham and Charters in 2007. This paper follows the Kitchenham’s three-phases-review-process and fulfils it with the findings, observations and recommendations from other influential authors in the field. The process of SLR is observed from the perspective of appliance in the field of SE and supplemented by the important precautious measures that should be undertaken by the authors performing it. Thus, this paper aims to present the state-of-the-art in performing the SLR in SE
Effect of Air Pollutants and Environmental Noise on the Childhood Asthma Prevalence in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Faraji Maryam , Najmi Mehdi , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , Shokouhi Shoormasti Raheleh , Fazlollahi Mohammad Reza , Pourpak Zahra , Moin Mostafa
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of air pollutants and noise on the prevalence of childhood asthma in Tehran, Iran.
The standardized questionnaire was completed by one of the parents of children aged 6–7 years or by adolescents aged 13–14 years.
The asthma prevalence in ages 6-7 and 13–14 was found to be 8.8% and 17.44%, respectively. A significant positive association was observed between “ever wheezing” and monoxide carbon (CO) concentration (OR=1.84, 1.05-3.25 in 13–14 years), the occurrence of 4 to 12 wheezing attacks and sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.39, 1.04-1.91) and particulate matter less than 2.5 micron (PM2.5) concentration (OR=1.38, 1.05-1.98 and OR=1.13, 0.98-1.39 in 6-7 and 13–14 years, respectively), as well as one night per week of sleep disturbances and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration (OR=1.09, 1.03-1.16 in 6–7 years, respectively). It was also found that there was a significant interaction between the noise level and particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM10) level.
Based on the findings, exposure to certain outdoor air pollutants and noise can affect the prevalence of asthma symptoms in residents of Tehran. The simultaneous presence of air pollutants and noise has an aggravating effect on the prevalence of asthma symptoms. Therefore, controlling sources of pollutants for reducing asthma symptoms is suggested.
Risk Factors and Comorbidities of Recurrent Nasal Polyposis
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Hossein , Shahhosseini Babak , Gholami Mohammad Amin , Nabavizadeh Hesamedin , Alyasin Soheila , Mortazavi Negar
Published: October 2024

Chronic rhinosinusitis is divided into two groups, which are Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). The rate of post-surgical recurrence in the CRSwNP is high, and predicting factors are unknown. This study aims to identify and evaluate risk factors associated with treatment-resistant and recurrent CRSwNP.
This cross-sectional study evaluates demographic data and atopic risk factors in patients with CRSwNP, including a high IgE level (≥100 U/mL), skin prick test (SPT) for aeroallergens, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and asthma prevalence. An oral aspirin challenge was performed to diagnose AERD. 191 patients with CRSwNP were enrolled, with 73 patients in the recurrent, and 118 patients in the non-recurrent group. The mean age of the patients in the recurrent group was 45.08±12.05. The mean age of the patients in the non-recurrent group was 42.89±11.73. 49. Asthma prevalence in recurrent- CRSwNP is significantly higher than non-recurrent CRSwNP Asthma severity in recurrent CRSwNP and AERD patients was significantly higher than in nonrecurrent CRSwNP and non-AERD patients. The level of IgE in the recurrent- CRSwNP is higher than non-recurrent CRSwNP. Positive SPT results for tree, weed, and mite allergens were higher in the non-recurrent- CRSwNP group compared to the recurrent CRSwNPgroup.
Asthma had a significantly higher difference in AERD compared to non-AERD. The level of IgE in AERD is higher than non-AERD.
Recurrent CRSwNP patients and AERD patients had Higher IgE levels. Asthma is more prevalent and more severe in both AERD and recurrent CRSwNP. However, a positive SPT result has been seen higher in non-recurrent CRSwNP.
Mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 in Regulating cTfr/cTfh Balance in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Wang Xiuzhen , Liu Caijie
Published: October 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is frequent, an imbalance between helper cells (Th) and regulatory T cells (Treg) is the fundamental immunological cause of RA. This study investigates how recombinant human programmed cell death 1 (PD-L1) protein affects circulating T follicular helper (cTfh), circulating T follicular regulatory (cTfr), and their equilibrium.
Magnetic bead sorting was used to select CD4+CXCR5+T cells from RA patients' and healthy individuals' peripheral blood mononuclear cells for in vitro growth. Recombinant human PD-L1 protein stimulated CD4+CXCR5+T cells. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry surface labeling, ELISA, and RT-PCR were used to measure CD4+CXCR5+T cell proliferation inhibition, cTfh and cTfr frequencies, IL-21 expression, and PI3K, AKT, Bcl-6, and Blimp-1 mRNA levels.
The recombinant human PD-L1 protein dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of CD4+CXCR5+T cells in active RA peripheral blood. However, it has a weaker inhibitory effect on healthy peripheral blood CD4+CXCR5+T cells. PD-L1 protein decreased cTfh in active RA peripheral blood CD4+CXCR5+T overall cultured cells but did not affect cTfr; The cTfr/cTfh ratio increased but did not affect the frequency of cTfh and cTfr in healthy persons' cultured CD4+CXCR5+T cells. PD-L1 protein reduced IL-21 in CD4+CXCR5+T cell culture supernatant from active RA peripheral blood. Recombinant human PD-L1 protein lowered PI3K, AKT, and Bcl-6 mRNA in active RA peripheral blood CD4+CXCR5+T cell culture, including significant differences. But Blinmp-1 mRNA variations were neither substantial nor statistically different.
PD-1/PD-L1 limits cTfh proliferation, differentiation, and activation via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway regulates its immunological balance with cTfr, and corrects the cTfr/cTfh imbalance by controlling their interaction.
Association of HPA Antigens with Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Case-Control Study by PCR-SSP Method
Authors: Nejad Saba Asgari , Hashemzadeh Pejman , Abdolkarimi Babak , Rouzbahani Arian Karimi , Anani Sarab Gholamreza , Varzi Ali Mohammad
Published: October 2024

Background: Human platelet antigens (HPAs) play a clinically significant role in alloimmunization and the development of immune-mediated disorders such as immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT), and post-transfusion purpura (PTP). Understanding the genetic profiles of HPAs is critical for preventing and treating these conditions. Given the limitations of serological methods in determining HPA genotypes, this study aims to investigate the association between the genotypes of HPA1, HPA2, HPA3, HPA4, and HPA15 antigens and autoimmune thrombocytopenia in Lorestan Province, utilizing the PCR-SSP method.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study involved 80 individuals diagnosed with ITP and 120 healthy controls. DNA samples were extracted using a commercial DNA extraction kit, with concentrations quantified via a Nanodrop spectrophotometer. Genotyping was performed using the PCR-SSP method with specific primers for each HPA gene. The genotype data were verified using previously established sample sets. The frequencies of each HPA genotype were recorded, and a comparative analysis was conducted between the patient and control groups to evaluate the study hypothesis.
Results: The results revealed that individuals carrying the HPA2b allele had a 5.31-fold increased risk of developing ITP, a statistically significant finding (P < 0.05, OR = 5.31). Similarly, the presence of the HPA15b allele was associated with a 6.54-fold increased risk (P < 0.05, OR = 6.54).
Conclusion: These findings, in conjunction with previous studies, suggest the need for larger-scale investigations across different populations. Such research could aid in the early diagnosis and prediction of thrombocytopenia severity, inform treatment strategies, and facilitate the removal of pathogenic antibodies from circulation.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacists in Tehran Pharmacies regarding Environmental Health Issues to Increase Good Pharmacy Practice
Authors: Niazi Mohammad-Javad , Abrishami Ramin , Shojaei Parisa , Sadeghi-Sokeh Seyed-Matin , Radmanesh Ramin
Published: October 2024

Background: In addition to being the most accessible medical center in the community, the pharmacy is a center for storing and providing medicines and cosmetics that are directly related to people's health. Therefore, observing environmental health issues in the pharmacy, which is managed by the pharmacist, is considered necessary. In this study, considering the direct and high impact of observing various aspects of environmental health on the good pharmacy practice and its value, it has been tried by examining the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacists in the pharmacies of Tehran city and presenting it, the necessary ground for promotion The environmental health status of pharmacies should be provided.
Methods: In this research, standard researcher-made questionnaires were designed and after checking its validity by clinical pharmacists, environmental health and biostatistics experts and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha test, It was completed by the pharmacists of Tehran community pharmacies in the period of April to September 2022, observing ethical points and preserving their identity, in order to show their knowledge, attitude and performance towards environmental health issues in the pharmacy where they operate. Then the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS version 23.0 statistical software.
Results: Examination of the data obtained from this study showed that the pharmacists in the study have the appropriate level of knowledge and attitude, but their performance in pharmacies is different.
Conclusion: Observation of the results of the study shows that due to the lack of appropriate practical training and the lack of strict rules by regulatory authorities, despite the appropriate level of knowledge of pharmacists, in practice do not consider themselves very obliged to observe health principles.
NON-LINEAR ERA IN THE PRESENT LITERARY DISCOURSE
Authors: Ababina N.
Published: October 2024

The article defines the need for research and analysis of non-linear epochs. This problem is currently relevant, since the dynamics of modern life require a theoretical understanding of the spontaneous processes taking place, as well as forecasting the ways of their further development. In contrast to stable eras, the analysis of which can be carried out using traditional methods, unstable periods that take place in conditions of crisis and chaos require a fundamentally different psycho-emotional, energy-emotional, spiritual and mental understanding. They arise on the border of colossal cultural epochs (antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, modern times, the transition to romanticism, the transformation of realism, etc.) and are characterized by spontaneous phenomena that grow as a result of contradictions and numerous fluctuations.
In order to explain the logic of these phenomena in the development of literature, we consider it necessary to look from a new angle at the process of changing genre systems, mythopoetic and artistic thinking of writers, the psychology of creativity, the character level of works, etc. The role of such periods cannot be underestimated, since this is the time of creation of new directions, which later become the basis for the formation of a new worldview, methods of cognition, scientific picture of the world. On the one hand, this is a period of crises that give rise to a tragic worldview and a premonition of catastrophe, on the other hand, it is a kind of prologue to the next age, because it is a time of reorientation and change of consciousness, renewal of all types of art, creation of new artistic and aesthetic currents, philosophical theories that become the basis of the authors’ creativity.
Taking into consideration everything mentioned above, it is necessary to say that a new model of the characteristics of an unstable era is proposed, which includes the systematization of its main indicators; the use of synergistic studies in the characteristics of the literature of this time is substantiated; on the example of the analysis of frontier epochs of the XVIII–XIX centuries., XIX–XX centuries a phase model of reorientation is used, the main elements of which are a violation of equilibrium (non-linearity, imbalance of processes), chaos, self-organization of new artistic forms, design of a new narrative system.
WORD-FORMATION OF ENGLISH FAN FICTION TERMS
Authors: Kolegaeva I. M. , Stanko D. V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to highlighting the main word-formation models of English fan fiction. The relevance of studying the English terminology of fan fiction is determined by several important aspects. First, the terminology of fan fiction reflects modern language trends, which are important for understanding changes in the linguistic environment and the development of the English language in the context of new cultural phenomena. Secondly, this terminology allows for a deeper understanding of popular cultural phenomena, such as musical, literary and cinematic preferences of modern society, which are often reflected in fan fiction. Finally, the study of the English terminology of fan fiction contributes to the expansion of knowledge about this phenomenon, which, although it existed in various forms earlier, has undergone significant development only in recent decades.
The conducted study showed that the word formation methods of English fan fiction terms reflect various linguistic processes used to create new terms and adapt existing words. The main methods include composition, abbreviation, affixation, blending, shortening, borrowing from other languages. These modes of word formation help create terms that reflect specific phenomena and concepts in fanfiction, ensuring accuracy and efficiency of communication among community members. Due to this, the terms become part of a dynamic and innovative language system that meets the needs and development of fanfiction culture.
An examination of the origins of English fanfiction terms reveals that they come from a variety of sources, including canonical works, fan culture, personage characteristics, genre features, structural and format aspects of fanworks, as well as borrowings from other languages and cultures. These terms reflect innovations and adaptations in language that arise in response to the needs of fan communities. Due to these various etymological roots, the terms of fan fiction become multifaceted and reflect the dynamics of the genre’s development, its interaction with other cultural and linguistic traditions, as well as the specific features of fan-made works.
COMPLICATED SENTENCE AS AN INDICATOR OF A VIRTUAL SPEAKER’S INTELLECTUAL LEVEL
Authors: Morozova I. B.
Published: October 2024

The paper looks at the problem of correlation of cognitive processes taking place in the person’s cognition with the syntactic organization of their speech. The speech of any individuum mirrors their thinking, and this is one of the ways they come to know their environment, acquire cognitive experience for building up their own picture of the world.
In the process and due to communication, a human is shaped as an individual with a certain intellectual level of mind. The presented work is focused on syntactic peculiarities of the English-language verbal message, produced depending on the intellectual level of the virtual speaker. The topicality of the conducted scientific research consists in lingual and gnoseological need to penetrate into the cognitive-communicative essence of the processes of generating messages, and is motivated by the lack of serious scientific research of this problem. The objective of this paper consists in singling out a scientifically valid criterion for determining the intellectual level of a virtual speaker in the aspect of syntactic construction of sentences inherent to him.
The starting point of this research was an assumption that there are certain typologically different structural sentence models, preferred by representatives of a certain psychological group of individuals. In our previous studies, it was established that in dialogue communication, simple sentences prevail among other structural types, while complex sentences take the third place in terms of use frequency with almost all speakers, regardless of their education level, social status, and cognitive abilities. According to our observations, a striking contrast can be seen in the native speakers’ use of complicated sentences, the grammatical status of which is not fully specified in grammar. The carried-out research specifies the concept of “complicated sentence”, and by means of comparative analysis of speech samples provided by the protagonists’ of three English novels captured at different stages of their lives, this type of sentence is determined as an indicator of the speakers’ cognitive peculiarities at the level of syntax. It is suggested that, in contrast to the surface representation, deep structures of human speech organization correlate with deep structures of human thought activity.
Hence, a high intelligence level of an individuum is reflected not only at the level of adequacy of information perception, but also in the form of message representation and generation, namely, mainly in the constructions with a hidden deep structure of predication.
ENGLISH ADVERBIAL MOTION VERBS IN THE ORIGINAL AND WAYS OF THEIR TRANSFER IN UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION
Authors: Yarovenko L. S. , Boldyreva A. Ye.
Published: October 2024

Paradigmatic and syntagmatic characteristics of adverbial verbs (AVs) of motion were analysed in the original, and the ways of their transfer in the Ukrainian translation were investigated. The analysis of their dictionary entries shows that most of them possess branched semantic structures and include an integral seme which can be either principal or optional. Their syntagmatic potential is quite wide, based on the variety of distributional patterns that were found. Three methods of their translation were registered: variant matches, translation transformations and zero translation (the least frequent).
Translation transformations (contextual substitutions) turned out to be the dominant translation method. The following combinatorics of translation options was established: a) transmission of the seme of motion within the structure of the occasional correspondence; b) “leveling” of this seme and actualization of “other action” seme; c) actualization of motion seme in the verbs which don’t have it in their SL semantic structures.
Correlation between the factors predetermining translation strategies was established. AVs’ contextual surroundings, with possible incorporation of contextual semes in the semantic structures of these verbs, turned out to be the most influential factor in the translation process. Context, in a broad sense, presupposes obligatory consideration of such parameters as differences in semantic scopes and combinability of words in the SL and TL.
Besides, it is also necessary to take into account the factor of compliance of the translation equivalent with the literary norms of the TL. AVs’ right surroundings (post-positive particles) are also quite important, as they enrich their semantics and specify the way of motion. They were mainly rendered by means of prepositions, adverbs and a variety of prefixes as a substitute of SL prepositions.
In order to achieve adequacy of translation, the translator resorted to different lexical and grammatical transformations, such as: specification of meaning, modulation, substitution of parts of speech, permutation, addition and antonymous translation. Individual AVs with connotative overtones presented the greatest problem for the translator. Translation is a synthesis of objective and subjective factors. Translator’s individuality and expertise predetermine the quality of the final product.
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE IMPACT OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND PROFESSIONAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Tyukhtenko N. A.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the theoretical and applied foundations of the impact of socio-cultural factors on the modern business environment under the influence of external and internal factors. The article shows the two-aspect relationship between the macroeconomic and microeconomic environments in the context of taking into account the socio-cultural impact on them. Based on the analysis of approaches to the concept and structure of the socio-cultural component of a business entity, the author offers her own vision of its main elements: organizational (corporate) and managerial culture; motivation; communication; diversity, equality and inclusiveness (DEI). Accordingly, the main directions of research on the socio-cultural factors of the business environment are highlighted and ways of their implementation in the domestic space are proposed.
The least researched in Ukrainian science and domestic practice are issues related to the formation of a managerial culture that takes into account diversity, equality and inclusiveness. The necessity of an in-depth study of motivation and communication as important socio-cultural factors is substantiated. This is primarily due to the change in priorities during the military aggression of the rf in favor of the needs for protection, psychological, physical and mental health, opportunities for professional and personal self-realization, etc. Communication processes in a business environment are designed to focus on an individualistic approach to each employee with an appropriate reward system based on their needs and motivations. The socio-cultural factors proposed by us in their interaction most fully correspond to the current global and domestic trends in the functioning of the business environment on the basis of adaptation and innovation management. In the context of searching for ways of post-war recovery of Ukraine and its sustainable development in the system of global partnership, the need to form a professional management system capable of managing the socio-cultural component of an enterprise to increase its success and competitiveness is actualized. Priorities for further research and ways to introduce socio-cultural factors into the domestic business environment are substantiated. The author proves the necessity of improving the management of an economic entity on the basis of formation of a professional management system, in which an employee is considered as a personality and the highest value capable of self-realization, quality of teamwork, and ensuring the competitive advantages of an enterprise in the real business environment.
LEGAL ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND MANAGEMENT TOOLS
Authors: Maslennikov Y. I. , Kurando K. V.
Published: October 2024

This study examines the legal aspects of intellectual property (IP) and management instruments. It is demonstrated that intellectual property represents the outcome of an individual's or collective's intellectual and creative activities, encompassing defined rights to innovative inventions, creative works, trademarks, designs, and other personal intellectual assets. The primary objects and subjects of intellectual property are identified. It is clarified that, considering the objects of ownership, the property rights of individuals or legal entities manifest in both ownership of tangible property and ownership of the results of creative activities. The legal regime governing the results of an individual's or collective's intellectual creativity aligns with the legal regime of property rights and comprises the following entitlements of the owner: the right of possession, the right of use, and the right of disposal. Conceptual principles within the system of intellectual property law are proposed. It is justified that the principles of intellectual property relate to the protection of the rights of subjects regarding the results of creative activities; therefore, they should demonstrate the rule of conduct within the framework of creation, possession, use, and disposal of intellectual property. It has been determined that the most critical economic process for intellectual property subjects is commercialization, as well as effective and efficient management of intellectual property objects. It is established that managing intellectual property involves a targeted process within a complex multi-component system with multifactorial relationships in the creation, possession, use, and distribution of intellectual property objects in the relevant environment. Intellectual property management should focus on effective planning, decision-making, and control regarding intellectual property objects in the appropriate economic environment. The stages of the intellectual property management process are proposed, along with the fundamental tools necessary for ensuring effective management within the economic system.
Medicina basada en evidencia y medicina de precisión: punto medio entre las dos
Authors: Grillo-Ardila Carlos Fernando , Ramírez-Mosquera Juan José
Published: October 2024

Editorial
Kłopoty z niedźwiedziem
Authors: Żakowska Magdalena
Published: October 2024

W książce omówiono dawne i współczesne niemieckojęzyczne dyskursy medialne o Rosji, argumentując, że warto je studiować ze względu na kluczową rolę odgrywaną przez Niemcy i Rosję w stosunkach międzynarodowych.
Przekaz niemieckich polityków i ludzi mediów jest słyszany i często traktowany jako głos Unii Europejskiej – stąd wypływa odpowiedzialność Niemców za współkształtowanie europejskich dyskursów, stereotypów, narracji dotyczących największego państwa świata.
Język i kultura niemiecka nie ograniczają się jednak do terytorium Niemiec. Do grupy krajów niemieckiego obszaru językowego należą także Austria i Szwajcaria. Państwa te z kolei odgrywają już bardziej specyficzną rolę na naszym kontynencie – Austria jako swoisty obstruktor, Szwajcaria zaś – outsider procesów integracji europejskiej. Znaczenie ich dyskursów medialnych w kształtowaniu postaw społecznych Europejczyków nie jest więc tak doniosłe, jak Niemiec. Wieloaspektowa analiza różnych dyskursów niemieckojęzycznych pozwala jednak na dokonanie porównań i umożliwia pogłębione zbadanie roli i specyfiki właśnie narracji niemieckich.
Development of a Pomegranate Fruit Disease Detection and Classification Model using Deep Learning
Authors: Pakruddin B. , Hemavathy R.
Published: October 2024

Background: India’s economy heavily relies on agriculture, which provides a living for a significant portion of the nation’s population. Agriculture in India faces several challenges, including fruit diseases. Pomegranate cultivation is widespread across various states in India, with Maharashtra, Karnataka Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu being major pomegranate-producing states. Fruit disease detection and classification play a significant part in refining crop yield: water scarcity, soil degradation, outdated farming techniques and the impact of climate change. Farmer suicides are a distressing issue, often linked to financial burdens, crop failures and debt. Manual disease detection methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming and prone to errors. Furthermore, understanding the data usually requires the knowledge of qualified specialists. These restrictions may make it more difficult to detect diseases promptly and increase the chance that the disease will spread across the flock, which could have dangerous results. Methods: In this paper, we use the PomeNetV2 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture and also examine 4 diseases of pomegranate fruit with names: Alternaria, Anthracnose, Bacterial Blight, Cercospora and Healthy. We used a proposed dataset of 5099 pomegranate fruit disease images. We compared the results of the proposed pomegranate fruit disease classification method with those of existing works. Result: Based on our experimental findings, the suggested framework outperforms all other state-of-the-art models with an accuracy of 99.02% for 75 epochs in identifying healthy and diseased pomegranate fruit.
Revealing the Feedback Loop: Comparing Satellite and Sensor-derived Meteorological Parameters in Groundnut Cultivation
Authors: Gunavathi P. , Muthumanickam D. , Kumaraperumal R. , Pazhanivelan S. , Prabu P.C. , Ragunath K.P.
Published: October 2024

Background: Studying soil moisture’s impact on groundnut, particularly under rainfed conditions, is crucial for improving quality and yield. This research explores soil moisture dynamics using satellite and in-situ sensor data to enhance water management and crop predictions, focusing on the feedback mechanisms between soil moisture and weather variables. Methods: The study was conducted at the Oil Seed Research Station (TNAU) in Tindivanam, Tamil Nadu, using the groundnut variety TMV 14. Soil moisture and weather parameters were monitored at critical crop growth stages, using an in-situ soil moisture sensor (Cr 300) and compared with satellite data from SMAP, ERA5 and Sentinel 1A with environmental factors. Statistical analysis was carried out using SAS JMP Pro and network analysis via Cytoscape 3.8.2 software. Result: Pre-monsoon soil moisture SMAP, SMAP-RZSM and sensor (VWC at 10cm) were found to increase in post-monsoon. Strong positive correlations were attained between SMAP-SM and SMAP-RZSM (r=0.94), indicating a reinforcing loop. Whereas, the negative feedback was observed between SMAP-SM and deeper soil temperatures (-0.91). It underscores the dynamic interplay between soil moisture and atmospheric conditions, essential for developing efficient water management strategies and enhancing crop resilience to climate variability.
Supporting Infants with Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Approach
Authors: Baker Haley M. , Jnah Amy J.
Published: October 2024

Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is a congenital renal disease characterized by variable-sized noncommunicative cysts, impeding parenchymal development and functionality. Renal capabilities are relative to the functionality of the contralateral kidney and response to management. Unilateral and isolated cases are often asymptomatic with more positive outcomes, while severe bilateral derangements have a high mortality rate. We present a case of left-sided MCDK and right-sided renal dysplasia diagnosed at a nontertiary center. In addition, we offer a review of the epidemiology, epigenetics, and pathophysiology of MCDK. A concise discussion of prenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal renal function surveillance methods is presented to assist neonatal healthcare providers in collaborating with pediatric nephrology and urology specialists.
Problèmes forestiers au Burundi
Authors: Pouilloux C.
Published: October 2024

L'auteur donne d'abord une description géographique du Burundi, dont les régions naturelles présentent une grande variété de topographie, de climat et de flore. La densité de population et les pratiques culturales ont entraîné une régression considérable des forêts, et ce qu'il en reste (moins de 100 000 ha) est insuffisant pour couvrir les besoins en bois du pays.Des tentatives de reboisement ont été faites avec diverses essences, mais les plantations n'ont pas dépassé les 30 000 ha. D'autres projets sont à l'étude, notamment par une mission forestière française.La politique adoptée devrait porter sur la sauvegarde des forêts existantes, le reboisement, la prévention de l'érosion et le passage à l'agriculture intensive.