bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender influence on clinical manifestations, depressive symptoms and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) serum levels in patients affected by fibromyalgia
Authors: Iannuccelli Cristina , Lucchino Bruno , Gioia Chiara , Dolcini Giulio , Rabasco Jole , Venditto Teresa , Ioppolo Francesco , Santilli Valter , Conti Fabrizio , Di Franco Manuela
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Objectives

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common rheumatic disorder characterized by chronic, widespread pain associated with several not painful symptoms. The contribution of gender to the manifestation of the disease may influence the higher prevalence of FM among women. In spite of this, how patients’ gender influences the clinical manifestation of FM is still not well understood. The frequent association with neuropsychiatric symptoms raised the attention on the role of neurotrophins, including the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as potential biomarkers of the condition. Aims of the study were to evaluate the influence of gender on clinical manifestations and to investigate BDNF serum levels as a potential biomarker of FM.

Methods

We consecutively enrolled 201 adult patients of both sexes diagnosed with FM. For each patient, we collected clinical and clinimetric data and, in a subgroup of 40 patients, we measured serum BDNF levels. BDNF levels have been measured also in 40 matched healthy controls (HC).

Results

Several symptoms were significantly higher in women compared with men, including pain, fatigue, memory problems, tenderness, balance problems and sensitivity to environmental stimuli. On the contrary, men reported a significant higher frequency of coexisting depressive symptoms. BDNF levels were significantly lower in FM patients compared with HC, discriminating with good accuracy the condition.

Conclusion

Gender influences FM clinical manifestations, with a higher prevalence of pain, fatigue and other common FM symptoms among women while higher frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms among men. BDNF offers promises as a potential biomarker of the disease.

Key Points• Gender-related differences in the clinical manifestations of FM may contribute to the higher prevalence of FM among females. Indeed, women show higher levels of pain and symptoms traditionally associated to FM, which are evaluated to establish the diagnosis according to the clinical criteria.• The new insights into the pathogenesis of the disease raised the attention on the role of brain mediators in FM. Among these, BNDF shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker.
On the analyticity of the abstract MGT-Fourier system
Authors: Dell’Oro Filippo , Pata Vittorino
Published: March 2022

We consider the abstract MGT-Fourier system $${\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_{ttt}+\alpha u_{tt}+\beta A^\varrho u_t+\gamma A^\varrho u = \eta A \theta \\ \theta _t+\kappa A \theta = -\eta A u_{tt} - \eta \alpha A u_t \end{array}\right. }$$

u

ttt

+
α

u

tt

+
β

A
ϱ

u
t

+
γ

A
ϱ

u
=
η
A
θ

θ
t

+
κ
A
θ
=
-
η
A

u

tt

-
η
α
A

u
t

in the subcritical regime $$\beta >\gamma /\alpha$$

β
>
γ
/
α

, where the operator A is strictly positive selfadjoint. For any fixed $$\varrho \in [1,2]$$

ϱ
∈
[
1
,
2
]

, we show that the associated solution semigroup S(t) is analytic and exponentially stable as well.
Visual plagiarism in interior design: is it easy to recognise?
Authors: Bettaieb Donia M. , Alawad Abeer A. , Malek Raif B.
Published: March 2022

This study aims to remove some of the ambiguities of visual plagiarism in interior design (those related to the visual composition of space represented by line, form, shape, texture, time, colour, light, etc.) by examining the main detection methods, the extent of the issue, and the experiences and roles of academic interior designers. Two main methods were used: an analysis of the primary forms of visual plagiarism and an applied approach to test the effectiveness of plagiarism. Additionally, 30 academics in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who majored in interior design, were surveyed using an online questionnaire. The results demonstrated that changing the light and colour while maintaining the rest of the properties and changing the line, form, and shape are considered visual plagiarism. However, the results also indicated that visual plagiarism is not always clear for academics. It is hoped that the results of this study will increase the awareness of visual plagiarism, enhance ethics in the university environment, and help academic interior designers apply scientific methods to detect plagiarism in design projects. This study can also assist regulatory authorities to manage complaints and disputes in plagiarism cases.
Distribution of labor, productivity and innovation in collaborative science
Authors: Gargiulo Floriana , Castaldo Maria , Venturini Tommaso , Frasca Paolo
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we investigate the process of scientific discovery using an under-exploited source of information: the Polymath projects. Polymath projects are an original attempt to solve a series mathematical problems collectively and in a collaborative online environment. To investigate the Polymath experiment, we analyze all the posts related to the projects that have resulted in a peer-reviewed publication. We focus in particular on the organization of the scientific labor and on the innovations that result from the contributions of the different authors. We find that a high presence of occasional contributors increases the productivity of the most active users and the overall productivity of the forums (i.e., the number of posts grows super-linearly with the number of contributors). We argue that, in large-scale collaborations, the serendipitous interaction between occasional contributors can be crucial to the scientific process, and individual contributions from occasional participants can open new directions of research.
Investigation of a nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvester with advanced electric circuits with the finite element method
Authors: Hegendörfer Andreas , Steinmann Paul , Mergheim Julia
Published: March 2022

In this contribution, a system simulation method based on the finite element method (FEM) is applied to simulate a strongly coupled bimorph piezoelectric vibration-based energy harvester (PVEH) with various nonlinear, non-ideal and active circuits: The standard circuit, the synchronized switch harvesting on inductor circuit and the synchronized electric charge extraction circuit are considered. Furthermore, nonlinear elastic behavior of the piezoelectric material is taken into account and harmonic base excitations of different magnitudes at a fixed frequency are applied. The holistic FEM-based system simulation approach solves the complete set of piezoelectric equations together with the equation of the electric circuit such that all electromechanical coupling phenomena are taken into account. This fully coupled numerical analysis enables the detailed evaluation of the influences of the electric circuits on the vibrational behavior and the harvested energy of the PVEH with respect to the magnitude of base excitation. Results from literature on the efficiency of electric circuits are confirmed and interactions between mechanical and electrical nonlinearities of PVEHs are revealed.

Article highlights

System simulations of a mechanically and electrically nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvester are performed using only one software tool.

The infuence of electric circuits on the vibration behavior and the effciency of an energy harvester are investigated in detail.

Interactions between mechanical and electrical nonlinearities of an energy harvester are revealed.
Nutritional, antioxidant, carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme inhibitory activities, and glyceamic index of wheat bread as influence by bambara groundnut substitution
Authors: Oguntuase Samuel Oladeji , Ijarotimi Oluwole Steve , Oluwajuyitan Timilehin David , Oboh Ganiyu
Published: March 2022

The research was designed to ascertain the potential of bambara groundnut inclusion in wheat bread to improve antioxidant activity, modulate carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme activities, and lower glyceamic index/ load. Protein (g/100 g) (11.2—11.73) and energy value (kcal/100 g) (421.5—435.5) of the bread were significantly higher than commercial wheat flour bread (CWF—10.45; 388.7). However, developed experimental bread samples exhibited higher growth performance in rats, free radical scavenging potentials, inhibitory activities against carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes and low glycemic index than other bread samples. Nevertheless, experimental bread samples were rated lower compared with the controls samples as regards organoleptic properties. The study authenticates that WBO3—25% wheat, and 75% bamabara groundnut WBO3 exhibits higher potentials as regards nutritional composition, growth indices, free radical scavenging potentials, ability to modulate carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme and lower glycemic index/ load. Hence, WBO3 may be recommended as functional bread for hyperglycemia prevention/ management.
Bruceine D Sensitizes Human Ovarian Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel Through JNK and STAT3 Signal Regulation
Authors: Yan Zhipeng , Jin Zhihong , Sui Hongying , Peng Kehong , Shi Caixia
Published: March 2022

Exploring novel regimens is essential to ensure the efficacy of paclitaxel-based chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer. Brucea javanica (L.) Merr., Simaroubaceae, oil emulsion benefits the patients who received sequential chemotherapy, and bruceine D is identified as the major active tetracyclic quassinoid. On this premise, we explored the potential effects and related molecular mechanisms of bruceine D on epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Our study indicated an inhibitory effect of bruceine D treatment in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Increased cell apoptosis and cancer stem cell elimination were observed with combined treatment of bruceine D and paclitaxel in ovarian cancer cells. Mechanism study indicated that JNK and STAT3 signaling regulation contributed to the synergistic effects of bruceine D in paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. Our study revealed a synergistic effect of bruceine D in paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. Our investigation provided a valuable strategy to enhance the efficiency of chemotherapy in ovarian cancer.

Graphical abstract
Does Frege Have Aristotle's Number?
Authors: KATZ EMILY
Published: March 2022

Frege argues that number is so unlike the things we accept as properties of external objects that it cannot be such a property. In particular, (1) number is arbitrary in a way that qualities are not, and (2) number is not predicated of its subjects in the way that qualities are. Most Aristotle scholars suppose either that Frege has refuted Aristotle's number theory or that Aristotle avoids Frege's objections by not making numbers properties of external objects. This has led some to conclude that Aristotle's accounts of arithmetical and geometrical objects differ substantially. I close this supposed gap by showing that Aristotle's arithmetical objects, like geometrical objects, are just certain sensible things qua certain properties they in fact possess. Specifically, numbers are pluralities qua quantitative or relational properties like ten units or ten. I show that this view is resistant to the Fregean concerns about arbitrariness and numerical predication.
Reassessing Local Candidate Effects
Authors: Sevi Semra , Mendoza Aviña Marco , Blais André
Published: March 2022

In a seminal article published in 2003, Blais et al. demonstrated that local candidates mattered for about 5 per cent of voters in the 2000 Canadian federal election. This study's reliance on a single election raises external validity concerns. We replicate Blais et al.'s original analyses on four elections from 2000 to 2008 using a decade's worth of data from the Canadian Election Study. The local candidate effect first uncovered by Blais et al. is not specific to a single election. Local candidates are a decisive consideration for about 5 to 8 per cent of voters outside Quebec and for about 2 to 5 per cent of voters in Quebec.
Mental and physical health profile of Syrian resettled refugees
Authors: Bosson Rahel S. , Williams Monnica T. , Powers Victoria A. , Carrico Ruth M. , Frazier Virginia , Ramirez Julio A. , Schneider Wei Shuang , Hooper Lisa M.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Newly arriving Syrian refugees can present with specific health characteristics and medical conditions when entering the United States. Given the lack of epidemiological data available for the refugee populations, our study examined the demographic features of Syrian refugees resettled in the state of Kentucky. Specifically, we examined mental and physical health clinical data in both pre-departure health screenings and domestic Refugee Health Assessments (RHA; Kentucky Office for Refugees, n.d.) performed after resettlement.

Method:

The current study adopted a cross-sectional research design. We analyzed outcome data collected from participants from 2013 and 2015. Specifically, a comparative cross-sectional analysis was performed using clinical data from Syrian refugees who underwent an RHA as part of the resettlement process between January 2015 and August 2016. Those data were compared to data derived from refugees from other countries who resettled in Kentucky between 2013 and 2015.

Results:

Mental health screenings using the Refugee Health Screener (RHS-15; Hollifield et al., 2013) found that 19.5% (n = 34) of adult Syrian refugees reported signs and symptoms from posttraumatic stress, depressive symptoms, and/or anxiety, and nearly 40% (n = 69) reported personal experiences of imprisonment or violence, and/or having witnessed someone experiencing torture or violence. Intestinal parasites and lack of immunity to varicella were the most prevalent communicable diseases among Syrian refugees. Dental abnormalities and decreased visual acuity account for the first and second most prevalent non-communicable conditions. When comparing these results to all refugees arriving during the same years, significant differences arose in demographic variables, social history, communicable diseases, and non-communicable diseases.

Conclusion:

This study provides an initial health profile of Syrian refugees resettling in Kentucky, which reflects mental health as a major healthcare concern. Posttraumatic stress and related symptoms are severe mental health conditions among Syrian refugees above and beyond other severe physical problems.
‘Play the Rain Down’: Prince, Paul Morton, and the Idea of Black Ecstasy
Authors: SHELLEY BRAXTON
Published: March 2022

This article grapples with ‘Let It Rain’, the title track of Bishop Paul S. Morton and the Full Gospel Baptist Church Fellowship's 2003 release, which revises Michael Farren's contemporary Christian ballad by braiding it together with Prince's ‘Purple Rain’ and the formal logic of Black gospel tradition. As the Full Gospel version of this song commingles these seemingly discordant components, Morton, choir, and band turn a sung prayer into an assertion of interworldly presence. Building on its received musical materials, this gospel power ballad performs the Black gospel tradition's characteristic inflection – an arresting turn from one level of musicking to a heightened, ecstatic frame. In so doing, this song brings rain near, illuminating the links between performances of musical ecstasy and musical Blackness.
Design of low profile high gain antenna using loop-based wideband artificial magnetic conductor for UWB applications
Authors: Dwivedi Ravi Prakash , Kiran Kommuri Usha , Das Sudipta , Lakrit Soufian , Goyal Vishal
Published: March 2022

In this work, a low profile ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is designed and investigated using a novel loop-based wideband artificial magnetic conductor (WB-AMC) for gain enhancement. Initially, a compact loop antenna is designed using stub loading and further optimized for the UWB range by applying curve ground methodology. The average gain of the proposed antenna without WB-AMC is 2.7 dBi. To enhance the gain of the entire UWB range, loop-based WB-AMC in [2 × 2] forms is integrated. WB-AMC is used as a ground plane beneath the antenna. To validate the performance, the UWB antenna and WB-AMC are fabricated and tested. The measured results confirm the entire UWB range. Proposed antenna provides a peak gain of 9.4 dBi and an average gain of 5.8 dBi. Vertical profile reduction of 50% is achieved compared to perfect electric conductor ground. The proposed UWB antenna is a potential candidate for UWB wireless applications due to its attractive features such as low profile, wide bandwidth coverage, omnidirectional pattern, constant high gain, and group delay.
Effect of LRRK2 protein and activity on stimulated cytokines in human monocytes and macrophages
Authors: Ahmadi Rastegar Diba , Hughes Laura P. , Perera Gayathri , Keshiya Shikara , Zhong Siying , Gao Jianqun , Halliday Glenda M. , Schüle Birgitt , Dzamko Nicolas
Published: March 2022

Leucine-rich-repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD), is highly expressed in monocytes and macrophages and may play a role in the regulation of inflammatory pathways. To determine how LRRK2 protein levels and/or its activity modulate inflammatory cytokine/chemokine levels in human immune cells, isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) with the LRRK2-activating G2019S mutation, wild-type LRRK2, and iPSC deficient in LRRK2 were differentiated to monocytes and macrophages and stimulated with inflammatory toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists in the presence and absence of LRRK2 kinase inhibitors. The effect of LRRK2 inhibitors and the effect of increasing LRRK2 levels with interferon gamma on TLR-stimulated cytokines were also assessed in primary peripheral blood-derived monocytes. Monocytes and macrophages with the LRRK2 G2019S mutation had significantly higher levels of cytokines and chemokines in tissue culture media following stimulation with TLR agonists compared to isogenic controls. Knockout of LRRK2 impaired phagocytosis but did not significantly affect TLR-mediated cytokine levels. Interferon gamma significantly increased the levels of LRRK2 and phosphorylation of its downstream Rab10 substrate, and potentiated TLR-mediated cytokine levels. LRRK2 kinase inhibitors did not have a major effect on TLR-stimulated cytokine levels. Results suggest that the LRRK2 G2019S mutation may potentiate inflammation following activation of TLRs. However, this was not dependent on LRRK2 kinase activity. Indeed, LRRK2 kinase inhibitors had little effect on TLR-mediated inflammation under the conditions employed in this study.
Robust behavior and spin-texture stability of the topological surface state in Bi2Se3 upon deposition of gold
Authors: Clark O. J. , Freyse F. , Yashina L. V. , Rader O. , Sánchez-Barriga J.
Published: March 2022

The Dirac point of a topological surface state (TSS) is protected against gapping by time-reversal symmetry. Conventional wisdom stipulates, therefore, that only through magnetisation may a TSS become gapped. However, non-magnetic gaps have now been demonstrated in Bi2Se3 systems doped with Mn or In, explained by hybridisation of the Dirac cone with induced impurity resonances. Recent photoemission experiments suggest that an analogous mechanism applies even when Bi2Se3 is surface dosed with Au. Here, we perform a systematic spin- and angle-resolved photoemission study of Au-dosed Bi2Se3. Although there are experimental conditions wherein the TSS appears gapped due to unfavourable photoemission matrix elements, our photon-energy-dependent spectra unambiguously demonstrate the robustness of the Dirac cone against high Au coverage. We further show how the spin textures of the TSS and its accompanying surface resonances remain qualitatively unchanged following Au deposition, and discuss the mechanism underlying the suppression of the spectral weight.
A comparative whole-genome approach identifies bacterial traits for marine microbial interactions
Authors: Zoccarato Luca , Sher Daniel , Miki Takeshi , Segrè Daniel , Grossart Hans-Peter
Published: March 2022

Microbial interactions shape the structure and function of microbial communities with profound consequences for biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem health. Yet, most interaction mechanisms are studied only in model systems and their prevalence is unknown. To systematically explore the functional and interaction potential of sequenced marine bacteria, we developed a trait-based approach, and applied it to 473 complete genomes (248 genera), representing a substantial fraction of marine microbial communities. We identified genome functional clusters (GFCs) which group bacterial taxa with common ecology and life history. Most GFCs revealed unique combinations of interaction traits, including the production of siderophores (10% of genomes), phytohormones (3–8%) and different B vitamins (57–70%). Specific GFCs, comprising Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, displayed more interaction traits than expected by chance, and are thus predicted to preferentially interact synergistically and/or antagonistically with bacteria and phytoplankton. Linked trait clusters (LTCs) identify traits that may have evolved to act together (e.g., secretion systems, nitrogen metabolism regulation and B vitamin transporters), providing testable hypotheses for complex mechanisms of microbial interactions. Our approach translates multidimensional genomic information into an atlas of marine bacteria and their putative functions, relevant for understanding the fundamental rules that govern community assembly and dynamics.
Molecular basis of specificity and deamidation of eIF4A by Burkholderia Lethal Factor 1
Authors: Mobbs George W. , Aziz Adli A. , Dix Samuel R. , Blackburn G. M. , Sedelnikova Sveta E. , Minshull Thomas C. , Dickman Mark J. , Baker Patrick J. , Nathan Sheila , Raih Mohd Firdaus , Rice David W.
Published: March 2022

Burkholderiapseudomallei lethal factor 1 (BLF1) exhibits site-specific glutamine deamidase activity against the eukaryotic RNA helicase, eIF4A, thereby blocking mammalian protein synthesis. The structure of a complex between BLF1 C94S and human eIF4A shows that the toxin binds in the cleft between the two RecA-like eIF4A domains forming interactions with residues from both and with the scissile amide of the target glutamine, Gln339, adjacent to the toxin active site. The RecA-like domains adopt a radically twisted orientation compared to other eIF4A structures and the nature and position of conserved residues suggests this may represent a conformation associated with RNA binding. Comparison of the catalytic site of BLF1 with other deamidases and cysteine proteases reveals that they fall into two classes, related by pseudosymmetry, that present either the re or si faces of the target amide/peptide to the nucleophilic sulfur, highlighting constraints in the convergent evolution of their Cys-His active sites.
Understanding the Independent Predictors of Dysphagia-Related Quality of Life in Stroke Survivors
Authors: Namasivayam-MacDonald Ashwini M. , Ayub Aaliyeh , Najeeb Hiba , Shune Samantha E.
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

It is important to pinpoint modifiable factors contributing to reduced dysphagia-related quality of life (QoL) in order to improve treatment outcomes and patient health given that a large proportion of stroke survivors experience dysphagia. The purpose of this exploratory study was to identify the independent predictors of dysphagia-related QoL in community-dwelling stroke survivors.

Method:

A sample of 31 adult stroke survivors with dysphagia (Mage= 62 years; 23 males) and their partners (Mage= 57 years; seven males) participated in the study. Survivors were > 3 months poststroke and living with their partner. Backward regression analysis methods were employed to determine independent predictors of dysphagia-related QoL using scores from the Swallowing-Related Quality of Life questionnaire. Independent variables tested included age, employment status, receiving dysphagia treatment, number of medical conditions, level of diet modification, Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) scores, relationship with partner, partner age, partner employment status, partner burden, and partner depression.

Results:

Results indicated that number of survivor medical conditions, degree of diet modification, SIS emotional subscale score, and partner employment status significantly predicted dysphagia-related QoL (p< .001). More specifically, stroke survivors with more medical conditions or a partner who worked outside of the home had worse dysphagia-related QoL, and those with better mental health or a less modified diet had better dysphagia-related QoL.

Conclusion:

Factors related to dysphagia-related QoL are multifactorial and include both survivor and spousal variables. The results of this exploratory study highlight the need for clinicians and researchers to consider patient function and needs more wholistically to maximize perceived QoL.
Student Perceptions of Learning-by-Teaching in a Speech Sound Disorders Course
Authors: Mayne Lesley E. , Kim Namhee
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this mixed method study is to investigate graduate and undergraduate student perceptions of the benefit, content knowledge, and confidence yielded from a learning-by-teaching experience in two Communication Sciences and Disorders courses.

Method:

A total of 137 students, 71 graduate and 66 undergraduate students, enrolled in graduate or undergraduate sections of speech sound disorders courses participated in the study. Graduate students prepared research-based speech sound disorder intervention projects including materials that were briefly presented to undergraduate students and then interactive discussion of theory and practice with the intervention procedures and materials ensued. Pre- and poststudy quantitative and qualitative data collected from surveys of student participant perceptions were analyzed.

Results:

The results yielded benefits in students' satisfaction with the learning experience, content knowledge gains, and confidence as presenters at the graduate level and with implementing intervention at the undergraduate level.

Conclusions:

Potential implications for the learning-by-teaching as a valuable authentic pedagogical model for faculty and students in communication sciences and disorders programs are presented based on 3 years of data. This study offers faculty with a class design model to implement learning-by-teaching in an existing course. Future research can investigate the benefit of embedding authentic learning experiences, such as learning-by-teaching, to formative and summative course measures and students' perceptions of preparation for practicum experiences.
In bestimmter Weise auf jemanden wirken …
Authors: Schleusener Robert
Published: March 2022

Osteopathisch tätige Menschen haben ambitionierte Vorstellungen bezüglich der diagnostischen und therapeutischen Verwertbarkeit ihrer Palpationsbefunde. Von ihnen entwickelte Vorstellungen
und Begrifflichkeiten müssen vor dem Hintergrund aktueller Ergebnisse der Psychologie, der Haptik- und der Placeboforschung be- und überdacht werden. Gleichzeitig für Erfahrungen offen zu
bleiben, die auf einen unkonventionellen Zugang hinweisen könnten, ist herausfordernd. Dieses Fallbeispiel beschreibt eine solche Gratwanderung.
Protonenpumpenhemmer (PPI): Mikronährstoff-Räuber mit
nachhaltigen Nebenwirkungen (Teil 1)
Authors: Gröber Uwe
Published: March 2022

Die längerfristige Einnahme von Protonenpumpeninhibitoren (PPI) ist mit
zahlreichen Risiken verbunden, daher ist der Einsatz der Säureblocker
möglichst auf max. 8 Wochen zu begrenzen. Aufgrund der verringerten
Magensäureproduktion unter PPI siedeln sich vermehrt pathogene Bakterien
im Gastrointestinaltrakt an, es kommt zu verminderter Resorption und Utilisation
von Mikronährstoffen wie Magnesium, Kalzium, Zink, Eisen und Vitamin
B12. Eine Reihe von miteinander vernetzten Pathomechanismen
erhöht das Osteoporose- bzw. Frakturrisiko deutlich. Erste Studien
weisen darauf hin, dass die dauerhafte Blockade der Magensäure das
Risiko für eine Infektion mit SARS-CoV-2 als auch die Schwere des
Krankheitsverlaufs steigert. Die Verabreichung von PPI im 1. Trimenon der
Schwangerschaft scheint nicht mit einem teratogenen Risiko verbunden zu sein, im
Gegensatz zur Einnahme in den 4 Wochen vor der Konzeption. Die Einnahme
während der Gravidität erhöht das Risiko für
kindliches Asthma und Allergien.
Poo, Spew and Other Gross Things Animals Do!
Authors: Gill Nic , Cristescu Romane , Tribout Rachel
Published: March 2022

This book stinks… we think you'll love it!

Poo, Spew and Other Gross Things Animals Do! will show you how being gross isn't just hilarious – it can be an important survival strategy for animals all over the world.

Take a deep breath and step into the world of not just poo, but also spew, snot and all the other gross things animals do to survive and thrive. From using poo to build a nest, leaving stinky secretions to find a mate, or oozing slime to deter a predator, the animals in this book are amazing… and revolting.

Discover a whole world of poo, learn how to be a poo detective, and meet some of the great scientists doing gross and yucky work!

You'll laugh. You'll cry. You might even throw up!

Reading level varies from child to child, but we recommend this book for ages 8 to 12.
The
Authors: Jayatilaka Dylan , Karton Amir
Published: March 2022

Density functional theory (DFT) is currently experiencing a golden age. The past two decades witnessed remarkable advances in the general applicability of density functionals in the top rungs of Jacob’s Ladder. Nevertheless, Jacob’s Ladder may have reached its highest rung in terms of dependencies on occupied (rung four) and unoccupied orbitals (rung five). Moreover, the fifth rung is associated with a computational cost far greater than the lower rungs. Another limitation is that each rung includes dozens of different functionals, and at present, there is no clear pathway for systematic improvements within each rung of the ladder. This highlight provides an overview of the exchange–correlation (XC) hole and how it could be used in developing new density functionals. We begin with a brief overview of the current status and challenges in developing better density functionals, followed by the intimate relationship between the XC functional and hole. We present a conceptually simple and computationally economical method for calculating the XC hole and how this method could offer new directions in developing better exchange–correlation functionals.
Localizing a Covid phone app
Authors: Warburton Kara , Krishnan Kamya Bharthi
Published: March 2022

In this paper we describe how a COVID-19 phone app was localized by students of the MA program in Translation and
Interpreting at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The project presented unique challenges including the urgency and
short time-lines, less-than-optimal internationalization of the source code, limitations of the CAT tool, and the use of an
open-source platform and crowd-sourced agile development model, in addition to particular linguistic aspects related to the new
specialized subject matter, limited string context, and potentially sensitive data. On the other hand, it offered the opportunity
to experience a real-life localization project, which had important pedagogical benefits for translation students. These and other
aspects are described and suggestions proposed to enable similar projects to run smoothly.
The potential of seaweed for carbon capture
Authors: Ould Ellen , Caldwell Gary S.
Published: March 2022

Macroalgae (seaweeds) are drawing interest as potential tools for climate mitigation within a burgeoning blue carbon agenda. With the high rates of net primary productivity, they are one of the main carbon sinks in the global ocean, both as biomass standing stock and as vectors of carbon export through detritus pathways. When coupled with their intrinsic ecological value, their contribution to coastal economies, and their current and future scope for aquaculture production, it is perhaps unsurprising that macroalgae have become a focus for nature-based carbon sequestration. However, the research community must guard against the hyperbole that is beginning to permeate the conversation, such as that which beset the microalgae biofuel movement. Macroalgae undoubtedly have a role to play in combating carbon pollution, and perhaps before significant investment is committed to ramping up macroalgae aquaculture, a more pragmatic view of its contribution to natural capital is justified. This article takes an objective look at the capacity for macroalgae to fill a global carbon sequestration niche, both as managed natural carbon pools and as deployable carbon capture assets.
Successful Winter Tourism Destinations
Authors: Johnson Amanda J. , Winkle Christine
Published: March 2022

Climate, whether warm and sunny or cold and snowy, can complement tourism by providing favourable conditions for visitors and their desired activities. As a result, climate is often a main resource upon which tourism destinations depend. Extreme or unpredictable weather may be viewed as unfavourable for attracting visitors. However, even seemingly inclement climate conditions can be used as a resource in tourism. Existing research does not demonstrate how outwardly negative climate conditions might influence destination image, destination selection, and local tourism development. This case study examines how cold climates present both a challenge and an opportunity to developing and promoting an area for tourism. Here we outline how The Forks National Historic Site, located in Winnipeg, Manitoba and a popular summer destination was successfully re-framed as a cold-weather attraction. This case study represents a specific instance of how a tourism destination may highlight a unique feature, such as a frozen river. Readers will understand how harsh weather can become an uncommon resource that facilitates tourism and recreation and enhances overall visitor experience. As such, this case study presents a specific example of how various stakeholders came together to offer a unique experience and transformed an otherwise negative climate condition into a positive and desirable aspect of the destination.

VIU logo

WLCE logo

Information

Vancouver Island University World Leisure Centre of Excellence

© A.J. Johnson and C. Van Winkle, 2015
Functional renormalization group for multilinear disordered Langevin dynamics I Formalism and first numerical investigations at equilibrium
Authors: Lahoche Vincent , Ousmane Samary Dine , Ouerfelli Mohamed
Published: March 2022

This paper aims at using the functional renormalization group formalism to study the equilibrium states of a stochastic process described by a quench–disordered multilinear Langevin equation. Such an equation characterizes the evolution of a time-dependent N-vector q(t) = {q
1(t), ⋯ q

N
(t)} and is traditionally encountered in the dynamical description of glassy systems at and out of equilibrium through the so-called Glauber model. From the connection between Langevin dynamics and quantum mechanics in imaginary time, we are able to coarse-grain the path integral of the problem in the Fourier modes, and to construct a renormalization group flow for effective Euclidean action. In the large N-limit we are able to solve the flow equations for both matrix and tensor disorder. The numerical solutions of the resulting exact flow equations are then investigated using standard local potential approximation, taking into account the quench disorder. In the case where the interaction is taken to be matricial, for finite N the flow equations are also solved. However, the case of finite N and taking into account the non-equilibrum process will be considered in a companion investigation.
Benefits and safety of landiolol for rapid rate control in patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias and acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Shiga Tsuyoshi
Published: March 2022

Atrial tachyarrhythmias often occur in patients with worsening heart failure (HF), and the development of atrial tachyarrhythmias in acute decompensated HF (ADHF) causes an uncontrolled heart rate (HR) and leads to further exacerbation of HF and persistence of a decompensated HF state. Landiolol, a short-acting intravenous beta-1 blocker, shows very high cardiac beta-1 selectivity and has a very short elimination half-life of approximately 4 min. As shown in several reports, the benefit of intravenous landiolol is that it lowers the ventricular rate early after the start of use without markedly deteriorating haemodynamics. After the cardiac status is stabilized by rapid control of HR, subsequent basic HF pharmacotherapy and rhythm control therapies will be effective for improving outcomes. Because of the pharmacokinetic properties of landiolol, if the patient suffers an adverse reaction such as hypotension or bradycardia, such effects can be quickly reversed by tapering the dose or discontinuing use altogether. Based on several clinical studies, this review discusses the efficacy, safety and role of intravenous landiolol in acute HR control in patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias and ADHF.
Continuing Education Courses for Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapists in the United States Often Lack Supporting Evidence: A Review of Available Intervention Courses
Authors: Peterson Seth , Weible Kirstin , Halpert Brett , Rhon Daniel I
Published: March 2022

Objective

The purpose of this study was to characterize the extent to which orthopedic and sports-related continuing education course descriptions approved for physical therapists in the United States taught interventions supported by evidence.

Methods

A review was conducted of courses available on CEU Locker from January through December 2020, estimated to represent most courses nationally available to physical therapists. This review focused specifically on courses teaching interventions for musculoskeletal conditions in adults. Specifically, courses for orthopedic and sports populations were identified. All course information was extracted, including the intervention name, course description, and target audience. Finally, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and systematic reviews with at least moderate-level evidence published through May 1, 2021, were searched to determine if treatments were recommended or not recommended, or if no evidence existed.

Results

The review identified 2406 available courses extracted from the database. After excluding courses that did not meet inclusion criteria, duplicates, and those with incomplete or inadequate information, the final number was 319. Most courses (52.7%, n = 168) taught interventions not supported by a CPG or systematic review. Approximately one-third of courses (34.2%, n = 109) taught interventions that were recommended by a CPG. Many courses were targeted to multiple disciplines (38.9%, n = 124), whereas 89 (27.9%) were specifically for physical therapists, physical therapist assistants, or both. The specific target was unclear for 106 (33.2%) courses. Courses usually focused on multiple body regions, and exercise was the most included intervention. Soft-skill courses were the most supported by evidence (82.9%, n = 29), whereas those teaching modalities were the least supported (30.5%, n = 29).

Conclusion

Fewer than one-half of courses that focused on management of musculoskeletal disorders taught interventions supported by a CPG or systematic review, and course descriptions often misrepresented the current state of evidence. Courses required for licensure renewal might not be meeting the intended goal of keeping clinicians current with new and emerging research.

Impact

Relatively few continuing education courses on orthopedic and sports-related physical therapist interventions are based on evidence provided by CPGs or systematic reviews, and some continuing education options required for physical therapists to meet annual licensure renewal requirements might not be keeping therapists current with the latest evidence. This study provides data that can facilitate candid dialog within the profession about potential solutions.
Religion, Spirituality, and Ethics in Psychiatric Practice
Authors: Dike Charles C. , Briz Laura , Fadus Matthew , Martinez Richard , May Catherine , Milone Richard , Nesbit-Bartsch Ariana , Powell Tia , Witmer Ashley , Brendel Rebecca Weintraub
Published: March 2022

The interface of religion, spirituality, and psychiatric practice has long been of interest to the ethical psychiatrist. Some prominent early psychotherapists had a strained relationship with religion and spirituality. They posited that religion and spirituality were forms of mental illness, which discouraged the discussion of these values during treatment despite the fact that many patients subscribed to a religious or spiritual viewpoint. Contrarily, others supported a harmonious relationship with religion and spirituality and served as trailblazers for the incorporation of religion and spirituality into psychiatric treatment.

As the field of psychiatry continues to evolve, additional dimensions of the relationship between religion, spirituality, and psychiatric practice must be explored. Today, many modern psychiatrists appreciate the importance of incorporating religion and spirituality into treatment, but questions such as whether it is ethical to practice psychiatry from a particular religious or spiritual viewpoint or for psychiatrists to advertise that they subscribe to a particular religion or spirituality and to engage in religious or spiritual practices with their patients remain nuanced and complex. In this resource document, the authors put forth and examine the ramifications of a bio-psycho-social-religious/spiritual model for psychological development and functioning, with this fourth dimension shifting the focus from symptom reduction alone to include other aspects of human flourishing such as resilience, meaning-making, and hope.
Theoretical perspectives on non-Born–Oppenheimer effects in chemistry
Authors: Hammes-Schiffer Sharon
Published: March 2022

The Born–Oppenheimer approximation, which assumes that the electrons respond instantaneously to the motion of the nuclei, breaks down for a wide range of chemical and biological processes. The rate constants of such nonadiabatic processes can be calculated using analytical theories, and the real-time nonequilibrium dynamics can be described using numerical atomistic simulations. The selection of an approach depends on the desired balance between accuracy and efficiency. The computational expense of generating potential energy surfaces on-the-fly often favours the use of approximate, robust and efficient methods such as trajectory surface hopping for large, complex systems. The development of formally exact non-Born–Oppenheimer methods and the exploration of well-defined approximations to such methods are critical for providing benchmarks and preparing for the next generation of faster computers. Thus, the parallel development of rigorous but computationally expensive methods and more approximate but computationally efficient methods is optimal. This Perspective briefly summarizes the available theoretical and computational non-Born–Oppenheimer methods and presents examples illustrating how analytical theories and nonadiabatic dynamics simulations can elucidate the fundamental principles of chemical and biological processes. These examples also highlight how theoretical calculations are able to guide the interpretation of experimental data and provide experimentally testable predictions for nonadiabatic processes.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Chemistry without the Born–Oppenheimer approximation’.
Sampling effects in quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics trajectory surface hopping non-adiabatic dynamics
Authors: Avagliano Davide , Lorini Emilio , González Leticia
Published: March 2022

The impact of different initial conditions in non-adiabatic trajectory surface hopping dynamics within a hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics scheme is investigated. The influence of a quantum sampling, based on a Wigner distribution, a fully thermal sampling, based on classical molecular dynamics, and a quantum sampled system, but thermally equilibrated with the environment, is investigated on the relaxation dynamics of solvated fulvene after light irradiation. We find that the decay from the first singlet excited state to the ground state shows high dependency on the initial condition and simulation parameters. The three sampling methods lead to different distributions of initial geometries and momenta, which then affect the fate of the excited state dynamics. We evaluated both the effect of sampling geometries and momenta, analysing how the ultrafast decay of fulvene changes accordingly. The results are expected to be of interest to decide how to initialize non-adiabatic dynamics in the presence of the environment.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Chemistry without the Born–Oppenheimer approximation’.
Geometric energy transfer in two-component systems
Authors: Requist Ryan , Li Chen , Gross Eberhard K. U.
Published: March 2022

Factoring a wave function into marginal and conditional factors partitions the subsystem kinetic energy into two terms. The first depends solely on the marginal wave function, through its gauge-covariant derivative, while the second depends on the quantum metric of the conditional wave function over the manifold of marginal variables. We derive an identity for the rate of change of the second term.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Chemistry without the Born–Oppenheimer approximation’.
Assessing the efficacy of employee training and internal control system on financial management of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria
Authors: Oyelakin Oyekunle , Abdullahi Aliyu
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The study assesses the efficacy of employee training and internal control system on financial management of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in Abuja.

Design/methodology/approach

The study adopted a quantitative approach using a structured questionnaire to sample respondents selected through stratified proportionate sampling, data were collected from managers/owners of SMEs in Abuja.

Findings

The result shows that employee training, control environment, information and communication and risk assessment have a significant and positive effect on financial management of SMEs. Control activities have a positive and insignificant effect on financial management of SMEs while monitoring activities has a negative and significant effect on financial management of SMEs.

Practical implications

The findings of this study will assist government and owner/managers to identify strategies relevant to SMEs financial management. More importantly, the empirical shreds of evidence revealed that employee training needs to be employed by SMEs' owners/managers to integrate, build, modify and reconfigure their internal control system towards achieving effective financial management.

Originality/value

Currently, no study has been found in the literature, which had been conducted on the relationships between these predictors (employee training and internal control system) on SMEs financial management. Similarly, no study has been conducted on the effects of an internal control system using the five dimensions of committee of sponsoring organization (COSO) altogether on financial management based on the currently available literature. Precisely, the study is designed to fill the aforementioned gaps.