bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Association between Clinical Features and Measurements of Intra-Compartmental Pressure in Diagnosis of Acute Compartment Syndrome of Closed Leg Fractures
Authors: Jaff Hamid
Published: January 2022

Objective: To find the clinical features of compartment syndrome and measurement of intra-compartmental pressure (ICP) in early diagnosis of the compartment syndrome of different types of closed leg bone fractures and their association with the severity of the fracture. Methodology: This prospective study included 20 patients with unilaterally closed fractures of the tibia and/or fibular fracture that presented to Shar Hospital, Sulaimaniyah City, Northern Iraq, from October 1st, 2018, to July 1st, 2020. Sociodemographic information with date and mechanism of injury, severity, side, and site of a fractured leg, and fracture's type according to Oestern and Tscherne classification of the close fracture were obtained. ICP was measured in the broken leg and normal leg at the time of admission to the emergency ward for patients using the needle-infusion technique (Whiteside's technique).Results: All patients were followed clinically by looking at features of the compartment for three days before the definitive treatment was established. We found that 8 out of 20 patients were complaining of severe, unusual pain (paresthesia) during follow-up. Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) was diagnosed in 1 (55-year-old man) out of 8 patients whose clinical features of compartment syndrome built up and with the differential pressure (∆p) of <30 mmHg. The cause of his fracture was a road traffic accident (RTA), and he underwent a fasciotomy. At the same time, the rest of the patients had no features of the compartment.Conclusions: We revealed a significant clinical correlation between the measurement of ICP and early detection and diagnosis of the post-traumatic ACS of the leg, and the measurement of ICP was valuable in the diagnosis of ACS and as a criterion for decompression. Also, this study shows a positive correlation between the type of fracture according to the Oestern and Tscherne classification and the increase in the measurement of the ICP.
New Relation between the Coefficients of a Rational Function and the intersection points with Oblique Asymptotes in a Vector Equations
Authors: Ahmed Mariwan
Published: January 2022

It’s clear that Vieta’s formula relates the coefficients of polynomial to the sum and product of their roots. In this paper for the first time, we introduce a vector equations relate the coefficients of numerator and denominator of rational functions to the sum and product of intersection points with oblique asymptotes. Furthermore, previously we learned how to find Oblique asymptote of rational functions by Long division, but in this paper we introduce new easier method for finding oblique asymptotes of rational functions with the aid of determinant of a matrix.
Atitude dos enfermeiros face às famílias no cuidado: protocolo de scoping review
Authors: Barreto Mayckel da Silva , Francisqueti Marquete Verônica , Wohlenberg Camparoto Camila , Ribeiro Furlan Mara Cristina , Garcia-Vivar Cristina , Silva Marcon Sonia
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: apresentar um protocolo de scoping review que mapeará a literatura acerca dos fatores associados à atitude positiva dos enfermeiros em relação à inclusão das famílias no cuidado, em estudos que utilizaram o Families' Importance in Nursing Care ‐ Nurses' Attitudes e/ou o Family Nursing Practice Scale. Método: protocolo de scoping review. Os documentos serão identificados em: PUBMED/Medline; LILACS; BVS; PsycInfo; Google Academico; SCOPUS e CINAHL, utilizando-se: “Families' Importance in Nursing Care ‐ Nurses' Attitudes” or “FINC-NA” or “Family Nursing Practice Scale”. Resultados esperados e conclusão: espera-se identificar o perfil dos enfermeiros que apresentam atitudes positivas com relação às famílias nos cuidados de enfermagem em distintos contextos e cenários de produção do cuidado. Isso é relevante para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de intervenção que busquem um perfil profissional que confira maior importância à família dos pacientes.
Субъективная значимость экономических и морально-нравственных ценностей личности: программа исследования
Authors: Смирнова Нина Павловна , Сафонова Марина Андреевна , Хащенко Надежда Николаевна , Шабашова Елена Владимировна
Published: January 2022

Представлена эмпирическая программа исследования, направленная на определение морально-нравственных детерминант субъективной значимости экономических ценностей личности. Эмпирическая программа исследования и разработанная на ее основе анкета включают блоки характеристик, которые определяют существующие жизненные установки на материальные и моральные ценности личности в современных условиях социально-экономического развития общества. Первый блок – отношение к материальным (экономическим) ценностям, как компонент структуры экономического сознания личности. Второй блок - определение структуры индивидуальных ценностей личности и выраженности в «ценностном портрете» материальных и моральных ценностей. Третий - выявление нравственных регуляторов финансовых достижений.
TÜRKİYE’DE YAYINLANAN GAZETELERDE YER ALAN ÖZEL GEREKSİNİMLİ ÇOCUKLARA YÖNELİK İSTİSMAR HABERLERİNİN ANALİZİ
Authors: Sezer Fikriye , Gürsoy Figen
Published: January 2022

Dünyada ve ülkemizde çocuğa yönelik istismar ve ihmal sorunu insanlık tarihi kadar eski bir toplumsal ve sağlık sorunudur. Kayıt altına alınmış olaylara bakıldığında günümüzde çocuğa yönelik istismar ve ihmal giderek artmış ve bir o kadar da gün yüzüne çıkarılmayan olaylarında varlığıyla çok önemli bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Normal gelişim gösteren çocuklar için zor ve atlatılması güç olan ihmal ve istismar özel gereksinimli çocuklarda daha büyük sorunlara sebep olmaktadır. Bu sorunla mücadelede yasalar, yönetmelikler, politikalar, eğitim ve sağlık alanındaki düzenlemeler, ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde yapılan anlaşmalar, sivil toplum örgütleri, yazılı ve görsel medya katkı sağlayabilecek unsurlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 01.01.2014 - 31.12.2020 yılları arasında Türkiye’deki 10 ulusal gazetede (Akşam, Cumhuriyet, Evrensel, Hürriyet, Milliyet, Posta, Sabah, Sözcü, Türkiye, Vatan) yayımlanmış engelli çocuklara yönelik istismar haberleri incelemek ve betimlemektir. Toplam 136 habere ulaşılmıştır. Haberler kategorilere ayrılarak frekans analizleri yapılmıştır. Engelli çocukların maruz kaldığı istismar ve ihmal haberleri analiz edildiğinde çocukların sırasıyla cinsel, fiziksel, duygusal istismar ve ihmale uğradığı tespit edilmiştir. Engel türleri bakımından istismara veya ihmale maruz kalan çocukların büyük çoğunluğunun zihinsel engele sahip olduğu görülmüştür. İstismarcılar yakınlık derecesi bakımından incelendiğinde çoğunluğunu çocuğun tanımadığı yabancıların oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçları doğrultusunda ebeveyn, öğretmen ve devlete yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Kazan neurological school: past and present
Authors: Ismagilov M. F.
Published: January 2022

For a long time, the leading centers of Russian neurology were the first in the world to create the departments of nervous diseases of medical medical universities, which gave the world a galaxy of outstanding neurologists. The original directions and methods of modern clinical neurology were introduced. In this aspect, the achievements of representatives of the Kazan neurological school, their role and influence on the development of scientific and social life and beyond are indisputable.
State of vegetative neurous system and nonspecitic adaptation mechanisms in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Evdokimova O. V. , Starikov A. S. , Lapkin M. M. , Zhdanov V. A.
Published: January 2022

80 multiple sclerosis patients underwent mathematic analysis of heart rate variability. It has been determined that multiple sclerosis patients are characterized by increase of the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, nonspecific adaptive mechanisms and by decrease of the adaptive organism reserves correlated with the severity of the diseases. It has been revealed that there is connection between the above parameters and different types of the course of disease.
Mitochondrial disfunction in Friedreich disease: biochemical and cytochemical aspects
Authors: Ershova M. V. , Illarioshkin S. N. , Sukhorukov V. S. , Klushnikov S. A. , Phedorova T. N. , Ivanova-Smolenskaya I. A.
Published: January 2022

Some lesions were revealed in the system of oxidation mitochondrial phosphorylation in Fredreich disease, as well as their correlation with the disease course at its different clinical variants. A vivid tendency has been traced to normalization of these cytochemical indices after single treatment by medicines, stabilizing mitochondrial functions.
Investigation of the pathogenesis of vertigo and new mechanism of therapeutical effect of Betaserc
Authors: Afanassieva S. A. , Gorbacheva F. E. , Natiashkina G. M.
Published: January 2022

In a 4-year period survey, etiopathogenetic mechanism of vertigo was studied in 43 prospective controls and 75 patients hospitalized with acute onset of vertigo. Impaired venous circulation of transverse sinuses has been found with intact arterial part of cerebral circulation. New information is available that shows the complementary mechanism of vertigolytic effect of Betaserc which improves intracranial venous circulation.
Modern concepts of molecular genetic mechanisms and pathogenesis of the main forms of idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Authors: Perunova N. Yu.
Published: January 2022

In the International Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes in 1989 [7], syndromes of both partial and generalized and symptomatic, cryptogenic and idiopathic epilepsy are distinguished. The latter are characterized as diseases not caused by obvious causes, with the exception of the alleged hereditary predisposition and occur in 25-30% of all epilepsy cases [2]. Idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGE) are characterized by such common features as the onset of seizures mainly in childhood and adolescence, a high incidence of epilepsy among relatives, the absence of any organic brain disease that causes epilepsy, and focal symptoms in the neurological status, and normal intelligence of patients. , absence of gross morphological changes in the brain during neuroimaging. The IGE is also characterized by the presence of a triad of primary generalized seizures (absences, myoclonic paroxysms and generalized seizures) in any combination, registration on the EEG in the interictal period of spike-wave and polyspike-wave epileptiform activity and the possibility of arresting all seizures (especially valproate) [ 2].
Macular edema risk factors after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Boiko Ernest V. , Khizhnyak Igor V. , Bayborodov Yaroslav V.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Despite significant advances in the technology of surgical treatment of regmatogenous retinal detachment, a certain proportion of patients with emerging macular edema against the background of silicone oil tamponade remains.
AIM: To evaluate the risk factors of macular edema development and to work out a mathematical model for its prediction based on a retrospective analysis of clinical data of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective case series of 64 patients (64 eyes) with regmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by grade CP proliferative vitreoretinopathy who underwent primary retinal detachment repair. Patients were divided into two groups: with the presence of macular edema in the postoperative period and without it (32 patients in each group). In all cases, at the initial examination, retinal detachment involved the macular area.
RESULTS: Using regression analysis, two significant factors were identified: the sum of the 8 meridians of the visual field before surgery (p = 0.015) and the number of detached quadrants (p = 0.021). Based on the identified factors, a model for predicting macular edema occurrence in the postoperative period in the surgical treatment of regmatogenous retinal detachment was obtained.
CONCLUSIONS: The investigation results allowed establishing that the retinal detachment area and the sum of the 8 meridians of the visual field are significant pre-operative factors for macular edema development in retinal detachments with proliferative vitreoretinopathy of CP 1-2 degree. The developed mathematical model based on these indicators is characterized by significant information content and allows predicting macular edema occurrence in the postoperative period. The use of the proposed prognostic model determines a differentiated approach to surgical prevention of macular edema and allows making a decision on the removal of internal limiting membrane at the preoperative stage.
Congenital dislocation of the knee in combination with Meyer-Gorlin syndrome: A case report
Authors: Kruglov Igor Y. , Rumyantsev Nicolai Y. , Omarov Gamzat G. , Rumyantseva Natalia N. , Kagantsov Ilya M.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Meyer-Gorlin syndrome is a rare genetic and autosomal recessive disease that is characterized by the classical triad, including, microtia, very small size or complete patellar absence, and nanism.
CLINICAL CASE: Herein, presented the first clinical case description of a Russian patient with Meyer-Gorlin syndrome in combination with congenital anterior shin dislocation. The main clinical disease manifestations are characterized by a combination of microtia, patellar pathology, and dwarfism.
DISCUSSION: In the practice of pediatric orthopedic surgeons, cases of congenital knee dislocations are extremely rare, especially as part of any syndromes, which cause interest in the presented clinical case publication. Our patient analysis, as well as the patients described in the literature, showed the presence of typical clinical manifestations, which allowed us to suspect the presence of Meyer-Gorlin syndrome during a clinical examination.
CONCLUSIONS: This report is the first case of combined congenital knee dislocation and Meyer-Gorlin syndrome with a diagnostic triad (short stature, microtia, and patellar aplasia) in the Russian Federation. Conservative treatment with constant traction and flexion must be carefully performed to avoid complications. Without the effect of conservative therapy, surgical treatment is indicated.
Nikolay Gavrilovich Fomichev. 10.05.1941–18.12.2021
Authors: Vissarionov Sergei V.
Published: January 2022

On November 18, 2021, an outstanding man passed away Professor Nikolai Gavrilovich Fomichev, director of the Novosibirsk Research Institute named after Y.L. Tsivyan in 1986-2006.
Features of the structure of cardiovascular diseases risk factors for complicated myocardial rupture myocardial infarction in young and middle-aged men
Authors: Izmuhanov Al’farabi S. , Gordienko Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2022

AIM: Myocardial rupture currently remains in most cases a fatal complication of myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVE: To study the features of the structure of cardiovascular risk factors in men under 60 years old with complicated myocardial infarction to improve prevention.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included men 1960 years old with type I myocardial infarction. The patients were divided into two groups age-comparable: I studied, with myocardial rupture seven patients; II control, without breaks 558 patients. A comparative analysis of the frequency of observation of the main and additional factors of cardiovascular risk in the selected groups was performed.
RESULTS OF THE STUDY: In the patients of the study group, frequent (four or more times a year) colds were observed more often than in the control group (42.9 and 14.8%, respectively; p = 0.04), the internal organs foci of infections (85.7 and 40.3%; p = 0.049), bypass surgery (57.1 and 10.2%; p 0.0001) and continuous cardiac pacing (28.6 and 0.5%; p 0.0001) in medical history. The presence of arterial hypertension (28.5 and 67.6%; p = 0.03) and foci of oral cavity infections (0 and 20.3%; p = 0.049) reduced the risk of myocardial rupture. In the study group, the levels of total cholesterol (4.3 0.3 and 5.8 1.2 mmol/l); p = 0.02), low-density lipoproteins (2.7 0.1 and 4.2 1.2 mmol/l); p = 0.04) and triglycerides (0.7 0.1 and 2.6 1.8 mmol/l); p = 0.008) were lower than in the control.
CONCLUSION: Combinations of these cardiovascular risk factors indicate an increased risk of myocardial rupture. It is advisable to use them for predictive modeling of this event and the formation of risk groups for the purpose of timely prevention, (bibliography: 18 refs.).
Mechanisms of action of new oral coagulants
Authors: Kokorina Arina A. , Sokolova Margarita O. , Slizhov Pavel A.
Published: January 2022

The article provides a brief description of drugs in the class of direct oral anticoagulants. The mechanisms of the therapeutic effect and the ways of excretion of drugs-inhibitors of blood coagulation factors Xa and IIa are considered. It was shown that all of them are characterized by high selectivity to the active centers of target molecules, successfully affect the coagulation cascade and have a quick therapeutic effect. A comparative analysis of drugs of the class of direct oral anticoagulants showed that rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, betrixaban (inhibitors of FXa) and dabigatran (inhibitor of factor IIa) do not have significant advantages over each other in terms of mechanism and speed of action. A comparison of the main characteristics of direct oral anticoagulants and the indirect anticoagulant warfarin is presented. It is shown that, first of all, the advantage of the former is associated with an immediate pharmacological response. The decision to prescribe this drug requires consideration of risk factors for the patient, such as age, the presence of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys. The article presents the most frequent complications of anticoagulant therapy, as well as the mechanisms of action of specific and universal antidotes indicated for use in patients with life-threatening bleeding or in need of urgent surgery when using direct oral anticoagulants. However, such neutralizing agents have not yet found widespread use due to their high cost and low availability. Nevertheless, the emergence of direct anticoagulants on the market has undoubtedly led to significant progress in the treatment of thrombotic and cardiovascular diseases (1 table, bibliography: 28 refs).
HLA typing methods used for organ and tissue transplantation
Authors: Kolyubaeva Svetlana N. , Myakoshina Liliya A. , Eliseeva Marina I. , Glushakov Ruslan I.
Published: January 2022

The antigen system on the surface of human cells is responsible for recognizing foreign antigens. In organ transplantation, the immune system reacts to all foreign antigens that are different from the recipients antigens. In practice, solid organ transplantation is carried out with varying degrees of genetic discrepancy, while the main principle that should be followed to prevent acute and chronic transplant rejection reactions is to avoid unacceptable discrepancies. As a result, the diagnosis of typing genes of histocompatibility allows you to select a donor to which the recipient will not have sensitization. The article presents an analysis of various methods for typing human histocompatibility genes for organ and tissue transplantation. The discovery of the polymerase chain reaction was a new stage in the typing of human histocompatibility genes, which made it possible to develop new methods of gene typing. As a result, methods have been developed for typing genes using sequencers, including a new-generation MiSeq sequencer (Illumina, USА), a Massarray genomic time-of-flight analyzer (Agena Bioscience, USA). The use of sequencing has led to the possibility of simultaneous typing from 24 to 100 DNA samples. Modern technological solutions have made it possible to improve the 3rd generation NGS sequencers and provide a maximum productivity of up to 30 billion nucleotides per run, minimize restrictions on the length of DNA readings, as well as track parameters, control the sequencing process and conduct base-scaling in real time. Modern data using rapid genes typing of the human histocompatibility system (MinION Oxford nanopore) meet the needs of particularly sensitive recipients. Preliminary evidence suggests that this method will be more economical and efficient and will replace all previous ones over time (8 figs, bibliography: 40 refs).
Clinical case of eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis debuted by myocardial infarction
Authors: Kryukov Evgeniy V. , Cherkashin Dmitriy V. , Grishaev Sergey L. , Turdialieva Sayora A. , Mozharovskaya Elena A. , Sharova Natal’ya V. , Kudrina Ol'ga M. , Vorobyov Sergey L.
Published: January 2022

The article presents clinical observations demonstrating the difficulties of diagnostic search in establishing the diagnosis of systemic vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, which include a rare disease eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (ChurgStrauss syndrome). Carefully collected anamnesis, participation of specialists of different profiles, retrospective analysis of laboratory and instrumental data allowed to verify the diagnosis, to prescribe adequate therapy. The aim of the publication is to discuss the need for early diagnosis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, which can improve the effectiveness of therapy and improve the overall prognosis for this disease, taking into account modern approaches based on the main provisions of international recommendations that were prepared in 2015 with the participation of leading experts from Europe, USA and Canada and were called to become the basis for choosing a personalized patient therapy strategy. In some cases, the diagnosis of eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis is complicated by the diversity of the clinical picture, the non-simultaneous appearance of the main symptoms and the violation of the stages of the process. In the differential diagnosis of systemic vasculitis, assessment of initial clinical manifestations, testing for the presence of antibodies to the cytoplasm of neutrophils, multispiral computed tomography of the chest organs and diagnostic biopsy of the affected tissues are crucial. In the histological conclusion, a picture of focal ulcerative-necrotic lesions of the nasal mucosa with signs of vasculitis and a pronounced eosinophilic cell component of inflammation was noted. The distinctive features of this case include the onset of the disease with the development of myocardial infarction and early damage to the hearing organ in the form of cochlear neuritis, complicated by sensorineural hypoacusis. The combination of high doses of glucocorticosteroids and cyclophosphamide is still the gold standard for the treatment of severe cases, but the use of biological agents such as rituximab or mepolizumab seems to be a promising therapeutic alternative (4 figs, bibliography: 3 refs).
Architecture, Waste, and the Circular Economy
Authors: Ali Ahmed K.
Published: January 2022

Waste is a modern global crisis. The world is drowning in an unprecedented amount of waste due to an increasing linear economy model that drive societies to consume more every day. It was reported that the average American citizen consume nearly 32 times more that the average Indian citizen. Companies, businesses, and corporates are continuously racing to deplete the planet’s natural resources in an astonishing rate. The design and construction sector alone is responsible for 30-40% of total solid waste worldwide, yet as architects, designers, and planners the waste problem is almost absent from the current discourse, both in practice and academia. Beyond sustainability, and if ideas such as the Dutch “CircularCity” become more appealing to architects, designers, and clients, the architectural education must adopt a transformational shift in the design thinking process to prepare a more responsible future architect. A shift from goal-oriented design to means-oriented design requires a shift in the design education, and the studio pedagogy. A transformation is needed in education, practice, research, and the related professions to address the current and emerging economic challenges more so post crises and pandemics, and through the built environment lens. It is time to define the role of architecture and design in the circular economy paradigm shift.
A study of electronic descaling technology to control precipitation fouling
Authors:   , Fan Chunfu , Cho Young I.
Published: January 2022

The objective of the present study is to study the fundamental mechanism of an electronic descaling (ED) technology, an innovative technique to control precipitation fouling in a heat exchanger. The ED technology utilizes a time-varying signal to create ionic agitation, resulting in the precipitation of the scale-causing ions into insoluble crystals, such that fouling can be prevented. The ED technology involves basically three different disciplines, which are water chemistry, electromagnetic theory, and heat exchanger knowledge. The present study proposed a theory of the ED technology and examined various parameters which influence the performance of this technology. In order to prove the hypothesis of the ED technology, the crystal growth of CaCO3 in water samples (both untreated and treated) was observed using a microscope. The untreated water sample showed a large number of small crystals within a range of 1 to 10 [mu]m in diameter, whereas the water sample treated by the ED technology showed a small number of large crystals ranging from 10 to 20 [mu]m in diameter. Large crystals are more likely to move with bulk flow, instead of adhering onto a heat transfer surface. Tests were also conducted to examine the feasibility of reducing hardness of water by removing precipitated CaCO3 particles by a filtration method. The batch test results showed that when the ED treatment was used without mixing, the total reduction of alkalinity was only 3%. When the ED treatment was applied together with mechanical mixing, an 18% reduction of total alkalinity was found. Such results indicated that the ED treatment greatly promoted CaCO3 precipitation from water when mixing was present. Fouling reduces pipe opening, increases pressure drop across a heat exchanger, and decreases heat transfer coefficient. A series of tests were also conducted in a single-tube heat exchanger to confirm whether the ED technology can prevent fouling or not. Artificial hard water of 1,000 ppm as CaCO3 was used throughout the tests. The pressure drop obtained with the ED treatment was approximately 51% less than that without the ED treatment, and the asymptotic heat transfer coefficient obtained with the ED treatment was approximately 12% larger than that without the ED treatment. When the ED treatment was used together with a filter, precipitation fouling was almost completely prevented even for the harsh fouling conditions tested in the present study.
El teatro español del Siglo de Oro en Italia del barroco a la "Arcadia"
Authors: Vuelta García Salomé
Published: January 2022

El teatro español del Siglo de Oro se difundió ampliamente en Italia a partir de los años cuarenta del siglo XVII, dando origen a un número muy elevado de traducciones y refundiciones que formaron lo que se denominó teatro alla spagnola. Tradicionalmente se considera que este vivaz interés se fue diluyendo en las últimas décadas del siglo para desaparecer a principios del siglo XVIII en favor del teatro francés. El ensayo ofrece un panorama de las peculiaridades de recepción del teatro clásico español en la Italia barroca y demuestra la pervivencia de la Comedia nueva en las primeras décadas del siglo XVIII tanto entre las compañías teatrales profesionales italianas como en el teatro de colegio jesuítico, entre otros.
Efficacy of current treatments against hepatitis C virus
Authors: Zepeda Jose M. , Murrieta Alejandro , Contreras Javier , Osuna Felix , Calderon Luis Antonio Villalobos , Pérez Miriam , Ramírez María Holanda García , Dorantes Omar De J.
Published: January 2022

It is estimated that currently, in the world, approximately 3% of the population has chronic hepatitis, the hepatitis C virus is the etiological agent most related to the development of this pathology. The diversity of genotypes (7) and quasi-species of HCV, due to its high mutation rate, interferes with an effective humoral immunity. The aim of this work is precisely to evoke those usual drugs used in HCV therapy, as well as cutting-edge drugs. The goal of treatment is the eradication of HCV infection. One strategy offered by the WHO is to eradicate the virus in at-risk populations. Alternatives to the previously used treatment with interferon and ribavirin are shown in this paper; protease inhibitors and other targets have now been developed to make eradication of the virus more effective.
Low dose magnesium sulphate regimen and maternal outcome of patients with eclampsia
Authors: Banotra Palvi
Published: January 2022

Background: Preeclampsia, a serious pregnancy complication which is commonly characterized by high blood pressure, presence of protein in the urine and sometimes swelling in women's feet, legs and hands. With this condition, patient’s high blood pressure often results in seizures. Generally, the outcome remains good, however, eclampsia can be life threatening and disastrous.Methods: This cross-sectional study considered 114 patients who meet inclusion criteria and agreed to will-fully participate in the study were evaluated for different parameters. Patients who developed eclampsia during intra-natal and postnatal period were included in the study. The aim of the study was to evaluate the maternal outcome among all patients of eclampsia treated with low magnesium sulphate dosage therapy.  Results: The present study revealed, very low fit recurrence rate, low mortality rate, zero treatment failure rate, no toxicity and (99.12%) success rate.Conclusions: Apart from zero percent treatment failure rate, Low maternal mortality and fit recurrence rate encouraged us to continue the treatment with low dose MGSO4 regimen. Thus, low dose magnesium sulphate has been found very effective in treating the eclampsia and at the same time maintains the high safety margin.
Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of expectant management and immediate induction of labour in term premature rupture of membranes: promising outcomes from expectant management cohort
Authors: Tambvekar Sunil E. , Gudi Shobha N.
Published: January 2022

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is common obstetric entity, the management even at term is controversial and there is no consensus for definite protocol of management. Objective of the present study is to compare the effectiveness, safety of expectant management of 24 hours and immediate induction with PGE2 gel in terms of maternal and fetal outcome in term PROM.Methods: 200 women were randomized to group A expectant management and group B immediate induction, after strict Inclusion and exclusion criteria. In expectant group waiting period was 24 hours. Multiple end points were examined throughout management. Chi square test and independent t tests were performed for statistical analysis. P value<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Demographic parameters of patients, maternal and gestational age were similar in both groups. Primigravidae were more in both groups A and B. Vaginal delivery rate is more in expectant group and Caesarean Section rate is high in immediate induction group. CS rate was 37% and 23% in group A and B respectively; the difference is statistically significant (p value=0.031). ‘ROM to delivery interval’ was more in group A (16.31±8.67 hrs and 13.85±5.46 hrs) (p value=0.0256). Hospital stay was comparatively more in group A (5.40±0.81 days and 4.11±0.86 days) (p value=0.435). Infective morbidity of mother and baby was low in both groups and no difference was seen.Conclusions: An expectant management allows a good number of women to go into labour and deliver vaginally without an increase in CS rate and infectious morbidity for mother and fetus.
Epidemiology and types of oral cancer
Authors: Al-Sharif Rajeh M. , Batwa Dalia Y. , Alotaibi Turki N. , Alwadai Naif M. , Alsharif Abdullah H. , Azhar Nedaa A. , Moulana Arjumand A. , Alahmadi Shoroug M. , Althobaiti Meshal Y. , Bayyumi Duaa F. , Alzahrani Wejdan I.
Published: January 2022

Oral cancer is a subset of head and neck cancer and usually refers to different neoplastic conditions that impact any tissue within the oral cavity. Evidence shows that these malignancies are associated with different complications over the affected patients. The present literature review will discuss the epidemiology and types of oral cancer based on evidence from relevant studies within the literature. Estimates show that oral cancer is a common condition with high prevalence rates globally. However, we have identified several factors across the different relevant investigations, including smoking, alcohol intake, age, socioeconomic status, immunocompromised state, and genetics. This might explain the inconsistent findings regarding the prevalence and mortality rates of the conditions among worldwide studies. Moreover, squamous cells carcinoma is the commonest type of oral cancer. However, other types might also be identified as adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma, and lymphoma. These lesions can also be found at different places within the mouth cavity, including lips, tongue, and salivary glands. Therefore, healthcare authorities should plan adequate interventional strategies targeting the risk factors to properly control the disease and reduce its burden.
Exporting and environmental performance: where you export matters
Authors: Blyde Juan S. , Ramírez Mayra A.
Published: January 2022

Empirical analyses that rely on micro-level panel data have found that exporters are generally less pollutant than non-exporters. While alternative explanations have been proposed, firm level data has not been used to examine the role of destination markets behind the relationship between exports and pollution. In this paper we argue that because consumers in high-income countries have higher valuations for clean environments than consumers in developing countries, exporters targeting high-income countries are more likely to improve their environmental outcomes than exporters targeting destinations where valuations for the environment are not high. Using a panel of firm-level data from Chile we find support to this hypothesis. A 10 percentage point increase in the share of exports to high-income countries is associated with a reduction in CO2 pollution intensity of about 16%. The results have important implications for firms in developing countries aiming to target high-income markets.
Avatares de la tradición oral en la era de la reproducción mecánica: la Morenica judeo-española hoy
Authors: Seroussi Bargman Edwin , Weich Shahak Susana
Published: January 2022

La publicación de este trabajo supone la cesión del copyright al CIDoM-Unidad asociada al CSIC, que se reserva el derecho a distribuir en Internet la versión publicada del artículo bajo los términos de una licencia de uso y distribución Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0. La puesta a disposición del artículo en este formato supone para sus autores el cumplimiento de lo establecido en la Ley 14/2011, de 1 de junio, de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación, en su artículo 37.3, en lo relativo a la obligatoriedad de facilitar en acceso abierto los resultados de investigaciones financiadas por Organismos Públicos de Investigación

En ese sentido, los autores cederán los derechos de difusión y promoción de sus trabajos para fines estrictamente académicos, no recibirán ninguna contraprestación económica por el trabajo y el mismo siempre será reconocido como exclusivamente suyo. La revista se compromete a proteger la integridad y originalidad del artículo, así como los derechos de autor que correspondan. Los autores son los únicos responsables del material, textos e imágenes que utilizan en sus respectivos trabajos, debiendo respetar siempre los derechos de autor de terceras personas, por lo que la revista no se hace responsable de lo contenido en este tema respecto al trabajo de los autores.
Neo-Kantian motifs in the works of A. Bely
Authors: Belyaeva Valeria
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the work of A. Bely in the development of Russian culture in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. Attention is paid to the motives of the creative path of the philosopher-poet, who created the basis of Russian symbolism. By analyzing the cultural and historical manifestations of the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, reflection in the works of art and science workers, an assessment of the severity of symbolism for the development of Russian philosophy and the field of art in general. In the process of the formation of symbolism in Bely's work, neo-Kantian motives are clearly revealed in the formulation of the problem of the difference between subjective perception and the essence of the object of perception in itself, that is, distinguishing between the symbol and the signified.
By comparing Bely's views with the concept of sophiology and anthroposophy, distinct Kantian positions of the philosopher-poet stand out. These include the schematism of space and time, an attempt to apply the categories of natural science to the field of philosophy of art, as well as the demarcation of the immanent and the transcendent. Despite the fact that the ideas of the philosopher-poet in their form have similar positions with the anthroposophy of R. Steiner and with the ideas of V. Solovyov, however, the key content is the neo-Kantian methodology of "critical deepening" of thought and its rationalization. The actualization of Bely's creativity and the issue of his neo-Kantian motives is carried out by attracting research from related branches of knowledge on the principles of interdisciplinary consideration and implementation of an integrated approach.
Russian Neo-Kantianism: Experiments (self)definitions and modern perspective
Authors: Belov Vladimir
Published: January 2022

One of the most important tasks in each philosophical tradition is to determine the methodological foundations and the target reason for research practice. Russian Russian neo-Kantianism raises several fundamental questions, including the criteria for distinguishing individual systems and the possibility of their integral reconstruction, the identification of the independence of Russian philosophers in overcoming the key contradictions of transcendental idealism, as well as discussions regarding the contribution of Russian neo-Kantians to the history of the development of Russian and European philosophy. No less significant is the problem of uniting Russian neo-Kantianism in the context of the general tradition of neo-Kantianism in its development to the latest trends. The prospect of turning to the heritage of Russian philosophers is largely determined by the design of post-Kantianism and post-Neo-Kantianism. In the works of A.I. Vvedensky, and then B.A. Focht, V.E. Seseman, S.L. Rubinstein, and many others, the transition from German classical idealism in the prism of the specifics of Russian philosophy to the formation of a new understanding of transcendental philosophy and its tasks was marked. In many ways, the proposed solutions were distinguished by originality and obvious independence, but at the same time they were implicitly within the boundaries of the tradition of German neo-Kantian philosophy set by I. Kant. Comparing the latest prospects for the development of neo-Kantian methodology, it can be assumed, not without reason, that Russian neo-Kantianism has largely anticipated the latest trends. Russian neo-Kantians need to reveal the unity of the entire tradition for an objective assessment and subsequent actualization of the heritage of the
Russian Neo-Kantians, accompanying this process with a historical and philosophical reconstruction of individual systems of philosophy, but also identifying those perspectives for philosophy that were designated by Russian thinkers. Russian neo-Kantians' problem field of self-determination within the framework of the history of Russian and European philosophy is proposed in the content of the article. Special attention is focused on the unity of methodological tasks and the target reason for the research practices of thinkers who at different stages of their development contributed to the formation of the phenomenon of Russian neo-Kantianism.
V. E. Sesemanʼs Transcendentalism: from Epistemology to Ontology
Authors: Shiyan Anna
Published: January 2022

The article examines the theory of knowledge of the Russian philosopher of the XXth century V. E. Sesemann and his understanding of reality. The author emphasizes that in the field of epistemology, Sesemann, being influenced by E. Husserlʼs phenomenology, first of all, answers the question of the possibility of cognition of the reality of the surrounding world and the special role of perception in this process. However, unlike Husserl, Sesemann is convinced that true knowledge is achievable not only in relation to the things of the world, but also in relation to their relationships and interrelations, which are seen in a special kind of intuition – a conceptual intuition. Seseman believes that the cognition of the surrounding world depends not only on the cognizing subject, but also on the objectivity itself, which may not always be accessible to cognition. The article pays close attention to Sesemannʼs understanding of reality as the reality of becoming, one of the types of which is movement. In this case, Sesemann argues, it is impossible to create a unified picture of the world, and our knowledge can only be probabilistic. The author examines the epistemological and ontological views of Seseman in the context of his time, comparing them with the main trends of philosophy of the XXth century, primarily with phenomenology and neo-Kantianism.
Effect of Data Augmentation in the Classification and Validation of Tomato Plant Disease with Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Wagle Shivali Amit , R Harikrishnan , Sampe Jahariah , Mohammad Faseehuddin , Md Ali Sawal Hamid
Published: January 2022

The paper discusses disease identification and classification in tomato plants, as well as the effect of data augmentation in deep learning models. The database used here is Tomato plant leaves (TPL) images from the PlantVillage Database in the healthy and disease classes. The disease categories have been chosen depending on their occurrence in the Indian States. The proposed ResNet50, ResNet18, and ResNet101 deep-learning model with transfer learning combined with the softmax classification are used to identify and categorize the tomato leaf images into the healthy or diseases classes in the dataset. The unique combination of including the noise and blur in the images and position and color data augmentation makes the dataset robust. Two different data augmentation methods are used for the classification problem, and significant improvement is seen in the classification accuracy with the proposed augmented dataset. The model’s success rate makes the model helpful in extending support in validating a model for identifying plant disease. The validation of models is done on PlantVillage and images taken at Krishi Vigyan Kendra Narayangaon, Pune, India. ResNet101 model trained with augmented dataset outperforms the testing accuracy of 99.99% and validation accuracy of 95.83%.
ConvNet: 1D-Convolutional Neural Networks for Cardiac Arrhythmia Recognition Using ECG Signals
Authors: Ben Slama Amine , Sahli Hanene , Maalmi Ramzi , Trabelsi Hedi
Published: January 2022

In healthcare, diagnostic tools of cardiac diseases are commonly known by the electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis. Atypical electrical activity can produce a cardiac arrhythmia. Various difficulties can be imposed to clinicians e.g., myocardial infarction arrhythmia via the non-stationarity and irregularity heart beat signals. Through the assistance of computer-aided diagnosis methods, timely specification of arrhythmia diseases reduces the mortality rate of affected patients. In this study, a 1 Lead QRS complex -layer deep convolutional neural network is proposed for the recognition of arrhythmia datasets. By the use of this CNN model, we planned a complete structure of the classification architecture after a pre-processing stage counting the denoising and QRS complex signals detection procedure. The chief benefit of the new proposed methodology is that the automatically training the QRS complexes without requiring all original extracted ECG signals. The proposed model was trained on the increased ECG database and separated into five classes. Experimental results display that the established CNN method has improved performance when compared to the state-of-the-art studies.
Image Feature Analysis and Dynamic Measurement of Plantar Pressure Based on Fusion Feature Extraction
Authors: Zou Ji , Zhang Chao , Ma Zhongjing , Yu Lei , Sun Kaiwen , Liu Tengfei
Published: January 2022

Footprint recognition and parameter measurement are widely used in fields like medicine, sports, and criminal investigation. Some results have been achieved in the analysis of plantar pressure image features based on image processing. But the common algorithms of image feature extraction often depend on computer processing power and massive datasets. Focusing on the auxiliary diagnosis and treatment of foot rehabilitation of foot laceration patients, this paper explores the image feature analysis and dynamic measurement of plantar pressure based on fusion feature extraction. Firstly, the authors detailed the idea of extracting image features with a fusion algorithm, which integrates wavelet transform and histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) descriptor. Next, the plantar parameters were calculated based on plantar pressure images, and the measurement steps of plantar parameters were given. Finally, the feature extraction effect of the proposed algorithm was verified, and the measured results on plantar parameters were obtained through experiments.
Euclidean Distance Versus Manhattan Distance for New Representative SFA Skin Samples for Human Skin Segmentation
Authors: Soltani Ouarda , Benabdelkader Souad
Published: January 2022

The human color skin image database called SFA, specifically designed to assist research in the area of face recognition, constitutes a very important means particularly for the challenging task of skin detection. It has showed high performances comparing to other existing databases. SFA database provides multiple skin and non-skin samples, which in various combinations with each other allow creating new samples that could be useful and more effective. This particular aspect will be investigated, in the present paper, by creating four new representative skin samples according to the four rules of minimum, maximum, mean and median. The obtained samples will be exploited for the purpose of skin segmentation on the basis of the well-known Euclidean and Manhattan distance metrics. Thereafter, performances of the new representative skin samples versus performances of those skin samples, originally provided by SFA, will be illustrated. Simulation results in both SFA and UTD (University of Texas at Dallas) color face databases indicate that detection rates higher than 92% can be achieved with either measure.