bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wokół militarnej twórczości Karla Augusta von Struenseego
Authors: Kisiel Robert
Published: April 2024

Karl August von Struensee (1735-1804) was one of the most prominent representatives of military literature in Silesia in the 18th century. His work in this field gained recognition during the early years of his life when he served as a lecturer at the Knight Academy in Legnica until 1771. In the following years, he worked in the civil service, eventually advancing to the position of minister in the service of the Prussian monarchy, which he held for the last few years of his life. He never served in the military, however, works on artillery and fortifications – and these were the most important in Struensee’s military writings – written by non-military personnel were not uncommon in the 18th century’s truly “golden age” of military literature. However, it is worth acknowledging that Struensee’s works on artillery and fortifications not only surpassed the average level of literature devoted to these fields but, according to the most credible opinions, presented an excellent level of analysis and reflection. The author positioned himself in the genre of the so-called “military Enlightenment,” with the three volume work on fortifications published between 1771 and 1774 being undoubtedly his opus vitae. He also critically translated into German the famous Mes Rêveries by Maurice de Saxe.
Between Lwów and Rome: Armenians in Transylvania and Armenian Catholic Archeparchy of Lwów (1681-1691)
Authors: Nagy Kornél
Published: April 2024

In 1988, the renowned Polish-Armenian church historian Gregorio (Grzegorz) Petrowicz published a book in Italian about the history of the Armenian Catholic Archbishopric (1686-1954) in Lwów (Lemberg; now Lviv, Ukraine). In his book, he dedicated a subchapter to the church-union of Armenians in Transylvania in the late 17th century, principally based on the documents kept at the Historical Archive of the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of Faith (Sacra Congregatio de Propaganda Fide) in Rome. At the same time, the scholarship has analyzed this book critically during the past two decades, and unfortunately, his subchapter proved to be very sketchy and poorly elaborated. His argumentations, however, regarding the history of the Armenians in Transylvania were based upon old, obsolete books published in the 19th and 20th centuries. Therefore, my article also deals with this problem from an ecclesiastical-historical perspective concerning the church-union of the Armenians in Transylvania. Furthermore, my study also aims primarily at analyzing the role of the Armenian Catholic Archiepiscopacy in Lwów in creating the process of the church-union of the Armenians in Transylvania in the years 1681- 1691. With regards to the methodology of my article, it is mere critical analysis focusing upon the incomplete as well as newly discovered manuscript sources kept in archives in Armenia, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Romania, and the Vatican.
Z Isfahanu do Warszawy
Authors: Skowron Ryszard
Published: April 2024

FROM ISFAHAN TO WARSAW: POSTHUMOUS INVENTORIES OF SALOMON SYRI (ZGÓRSKI), ENVOY OF JAN III SOBIESKI TO PERSIA

The embassy of Salomon Syri (Zgórski), an Armenian in the service of Polish King Jan III Sobieski, to Persian Shah Suleiman I, undertaken in 1688-1690, was related to efforts to include Persia in the anti-Ottoman alliance. It was also connected with the Jesuit mission in the 1680s, aiming to reach China via Siberia. However, Syri was killed in Isfahan during the mission and was buried in the Jesuit church there. After the diplomat’s death, Poles residing in the capital of Persia compiled an inventory of his belongings, packed them into several crates, and sent them to Poland through Moscow. The University of Warsaw Library holds four handwritten inventories of Syri’s property, prepared in Moscow by the Polish resident Jerzy Dominik Dowmont. He sent to his king the belongings of the envoy in several parts. The inventories of Syri’s property, published in the article, constitute important and unique sources for the history of both Polish diplomacy and Polish material culture.
Ազգային հիշողությունը՝ ուծացած հայերի սերունդների մեջ
Authors: Bakczynian Arcwi
Published: April 2024

NATIONAL MEMORY, ASSIMILATED IN GENERATIONS OF ARMENIANS

Assimilation and national acculturation are inevitable phenomena to which every ethnic community separated from its native environment is vulnerable. The ways and degrees of its manifestation vary, but the direction is the same: moving away from the native national profile and assimilating characteristics typical of the nation and culture of the country of residence. Cases of assimilation also occur to a lesser extent when a nation becomes a minority in its own homeland or when its native environment is absorbed by an empire. The article analyzes such situations among Armenians, specifically in Armenian diasporas. It concludes that the pace of assimilative changes depends on various factors, including maintaining formal points of contact with Armenia (citizenship, organizational ties, owning a house in Armenia, etc.), and a measured and consistent policy of the Armenian state towards the diaspora.
Educaciones del campo, conflicto interno armado y construcción de paz
Authors: Mateus Arbeláez John Jairo , Mendoza Báez Adriana Patricia
Published: April 2024

En este capítulo presentamos un acercamiento que invita a la reflexión sobre las relaciones entre la escuela rural colombiana y el conflicto interno armado. Esto se realiza a partir de la generación de un diálogo con representantes de iniciativas educativas en territorios rurales. Dicho diálogo se configura a través del trabajo con la metodología en consolidación: “Memoria sonora” (Mateus, Mendoza y Castillo, 2021). Mediante la realización colectiva de programas radiales, el diálogo intrínseco en su producción, y la escucha reflexiva de lo ya pronunciado por los participantes, se tejen análisis sobre la realidad. En este caso, se centra en dos experiencias educativas desarrolladas en territorios especialmente afectados por el conflicto interno armado. Así, desde premisas que problematizan el lugar de la escuela en los territorios rurales y en la construcción de paz, se propone un viaje por la memoria pedagógica de sus docentes y educadores.
Computing Optimality Certificates for Convex Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Problems
Authors: Halbig Katrin , Hümbs Lukas , Rösel Florian , Schewe Lars , Weninger Dieter
Published: April 2024

Every optimization problem has a corresponding verification problem that checks whether a given optimal solution is in fact optimal. In the literature, there are a lot of such ways to verify optimality for a given solution, for example, the branch-and-bound tree. To simplify this task, optimality certificates were introduced for convex mixed-integer nonlinear programs, and it was shown that the sizes of the certificates are bounded in terms of the number of integer variables. We introduce an algorithm to compute the certificates and conduct computational experiments. Through the experiments, we show that the optimality certificates can be surprisingly small.

History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Discrete.

Funding: This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [CRC 154 Subproject A05, CRC 154 Subproject B07, and SFB Transregio 154], the Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie.

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0099 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0099 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
What Makes HFTs Tick? Tick Size Changes and Information Advantage in a Market with Fast and Slow Traders
Authors: Chaboud Alain P. , Dao Avery , Vega Clara , Zikes Filip
Published: April 2024

We study the impact of two changes in the minimum tick size, a reduction and a subsequent increase, on the trading behavior of fast and slow traders in the spot foreign exchange market. We find that the most notable impact of the tick size reduction is a substantial increase in the liquidity demand of high-frequency traders (HFTs) and not the decrease in their liquidity provision discussed by prior literature. We show that this change in behavior is linked to the higher frequency of price signals that arises with the smaller tick size and to the ability of fast traders to profit from it, often at the detriment of slower traders. Following the tick size decrease and the increase in liquidity demand by HFTs in the spot market, the role of the spot market in price discovery drops relative to that of the futures market. We discuss these findings in the context of the impact of HFTs on the information content of financial markets.

This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, finance.

Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02935 .
Remote Work and Job Applicant Diversity: Evidence from Technology Startups
Authors: Hsu David H. , Tambe Prasanna B.
Published: April 2024

A significant element of managerial post-COVID job design regards remote work. In an era of renewed recognition of diversity, employers may wonder how diverse (gender and race) and experienced job applicants respond to remote job listings, especially for high-skilled technical and managerial positions. Prior work has shown that while remote work allows employee flexibility, it may limit career promotion prospects, so the net effect of designating a job as remote-eligible is not clear from an applicant interest standpoint, particularly when recruiting females and underrepresented minorities (URM). We analyze job applicant data from a leading startup job platform that spans long windows before and after the COVID-19 pandemic-induced shutdowns of March 2020. To address the empirical challenge that remote job designation may be codetermined with unobserved job and employer characteristics, we leverage a matching approach (and an alternative method which leverages the sudden shutdowns) to estimate how applicant characteristics differ for otherwise similar remote and onsite job postings. We find that offering remote work attracts more experienced and diverse (especially URM) job applicants, with larger effects in less diverse geographic areas. A discrete change in job posting to remote status (holding all else constant) is associated with an approximately 15% increase in applicants who are female, 33% increase in applicants with URM status, and 17% increase in applicant experience. Using the application data, we estimate an average estimated compensating wage differential for remote work that is about 7% of posted salaries in this labor market.

This paper was accepted by Olav Sorenson, organizations.

Funding: This work was supported by Mack Institute for Innovation Management at the University of Pennsylvania.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03391 .
La prohibición de los aglomerados de cuarzo en Australia, una decisión modélica
Authors: Menéndez-Navarro Alfredo , Cavalin Catherine
Published: April 2024

Australia se convirtió en diciembre de 2023 en el primer país en prohibir el uso de los aglomerados de cuarzo. El consumo de estos materiales sintéticos, que contienen más del 80% de sílice cristalina y que desde los años 90 se han empleado para la fabricación de encimeras de cocina y baños, ha contribuido al resurgimiento en numerosos países de formas aceleradas de silicosis y a una notable incidencia de enfermedades sistémicas. El objeto de este trabajo es analizar los fundamentos que sustentan la decisión australiana. Dichos fundamentos están principalmente recogidos en el informe elaborado en 2023 por la agencia gubernamental Safe Work Australia (SWA), que recomendó la prohibición del producto. SWA llevó a cabo una consulta pública entre todos los actores sociales y científicos interesados en el problema. El informe de SWA señaló la ausencia de evidencia científica sobre un umbral de sílice toxicológicamente seguro cuestionando la estrategia de los fabricantes del material de presentar como productos seguros a los aglomerados con menos del 40% de contenido de sílice. La recomendación de SWA tomó en consideración la evaluación del nivel de cumplimiento de las estrictas medidas de prevención implementadas entre 2019 y 2023, constatando que el incumplimiento siguió siendo generalizado en el sector. Además se realizó un análisis coste-beneficio para valorar el número de casos de silicosis que sería necesario evitar para “compensar” los costes económicos asociados a cada opción de prohibición. Para ello empleó el Valor Estadístico de la Vida (VEV) actualizado en 2023 en Australia y estimó en 4,9 millones de dólares australianos cada vida salvada y silicosis evitada. En nuestra opinión, la prohibición australiana es modélica por la forma en que se ha gestado la decisión, por su sólida fundamentación científica y socio-laboral, y por la aplicación del principio de precaución.
A Causal Model of Learning Loss in the Midst of COVID-19 Pandemic Among Thai Lower Secondary School Students
Authors: Suwathanpornkul Ittipaat , Charoensuk Orn-uma , Sakuntanak Panida , Tulmethakaan Manaathar , Sarnkhaowkhom Chawapon
Published: April 2024

It is known that the COVID-19 pandemic led to learning losses among students both domestically and internationally. Therefore, situational and casual factors were examined to discover and understand them so that learning loss could be reduced or recovered from. This research aimed to: (a) study learning loss situation; and (b) develop and examine the causal model of learning loss among lower secondary school students affected by the pandemic. The sample included 650 Grade 7-9 students selected by multi-stage random sampling. The data was collected using a self-developing questionnaire as a research instrument. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, ANOVA, and structural equation modeling (SEM) through the LISREL program. The findings were: (a) Lower secondary school students had an average academic achievement learning loss at the moderate level with the highest mean of learning loss in mathematics (M=3.012, SD=1.074), and an average learning characteristics learning loss at the medium level (M=2.824, SD=0.842). Several situational factors had a different effect depending on the school size with a statistical significance of .05.; and (b) the causal model showed the learning loss of grade 7-9 students was consistent with the empirical data (χ2=46.885, df=34, p= .069, GFI=0.991, AGFI=0.964, CFI=0.999, RMSEA=0.024, SRMR=0.014).
Western Domination, Destructive Governance, and the Perpetual Development Crisis in the Arab Region
Authors: Osman Omar
Published: April 2024

This article presents a theoretical view that describes how the rooted Western imperial political structure in the Arab region has trapped the latter in a perpetual development crisis. It follows a de facto analysis and contends that Western imperialism has maintained a counter-development of Arab governance since the mid-19th century, which has resulted in a persistent economic deficiency in the region. This article discusses why Washington Consensus endeavors have failed to deliver the promised results in the development of the region, and argues that it has condoned the principal problem, which is the foreign de facto hostile Western strategic rule that has an inherent disinterest in achieving comprehensive development in the Arab region. This article provides an argument against the views that blame the Arab’s economic failures on domestic institutional factors, and maintains that the foreign Western hostile domination is the primary source of the lasting backwardness in the Arab region. This article defines the West as the consortium of European and North American nations that have had imperial enterprises in the Arab region in the modern period. The most notable of these nations are the United States, the United Kingdom, and France.
Shifting Sands and the Unreason of State: Review of Oilcraft: The Myths of Scarcity and Security That Haunt US Energy Policy by Robert Vitalis
Authors: Keaney Michael
Published: April 2024

At a time of intensifying global conflict and corresponding reconfiguration of supply chains in line with national security prerogatives, the contradictions inherent in the “rules-based order” supported by and supporting US global hegemony are becoming ever more apparent and unsustainable. Robert Vitalis’s study of US–Saudi relations within the wider context of US energy policy reveals the extent to which myths intended to legitimize and enable imperialist policies have outgrown their original purpose and now threaten to destabilize the very conditions they were and remain intended to support. The inability of US political elites to recognize a reality that includes relative decline globally and socioeconomic fragility domestically, undermining efforts to sustain its outsized military presence worldwide and the appropriation of resources required to service that, are at increasing risk of triggering global catastrophe in the form of nuclear-armed warfare.
Characterization of a perfect sinusoidal grating profile using an artificial neural network for plasmonic-based sensors
Authors: Godi Tchéré Moustapha , Robert Stéphane , Dutems Julie , Bruhier Hugo , Bayard Bernard , Jourlin Yves , Jamon Damien
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we present a system intended to detect a targeted perfect sinusoidal profile of a diffraction grating during its manufactured process. Indeed, the sinusoidal nature of the periodic structure is essential to ensure optimal efficiency of specific applications as plasmonic sensors (surface plasmon resonance -based sensors). A neural network is implemented to characterize the geometrical shape of the structure under testing at the end of the laser interference lithography process. This decision tool operates in classifier mode prior to further processing. Then, the geometrical parameters of the structure can be reliably determined if necessary. Two solutions can be considered: the detection of a fixed geometrical shape operating on a binary mode and the identification of a geometrical shape from a limited number of profiles. These methods are validated in the context of plasmonic sensors on experimental sinusoidal grating structures with a grating period of 627 nm.
Spectral speckle displacement in defocused and tilted imaging systems
Authors: Laux Patrick , Schiller Annelie , Bertz Alexander , Carl Daniel , Reichelt Stephan
Published: April 2024

Speckle patterns offer valuable insights into the surface characteristics or the characteristics of the light generating the speckle. One possible way to extract this information is via spectral speckle correlation (SSC). The cross-correlation between two speckle fields, generated at different wavelengths, can be used for example to determine the roughness of the illuminated surface. Taking defocused measurements of the surface or measuring on a tilted surface leads to a displacement between the speckle, which in turn affects the cross-correlation and leads to errors in the calculated roughness. In this work we present a model to determine the lateral speckle displacement for a change in wavelength in the case of subjective speckle and defocused, tilted objects. This model is therefore applicable to a wide range of applications and allows to estimate and correct for this speckle displacement. Experimental results show sub-pixel accuracy for object tilts up to ±7° and defocus distances up to ±25 mm.
Coherent Nyquist optical pulse transmission at nearly 1-Tb/s/λ over 1,600 km with a capacity of 21.5 Tb/s using PS-32 QAM signals
Authors: Beppu Shohei , Ishikawa Aoto , Serikawa Takeki , Yoshida Masato , Hirooka Toshihiko , Nakazawa Masataka
Published: April 2024

We demonstrate the 1,600-km transmission at nearly 1-Tb/s/λ signals with a capacity of 21.5 Tb/s. Probabilistic shaping was newly applied to high-speed coherent optical Nyquist pulse transmission systems to maximize the transmission capacity. Employing a 160-GBd PS-32 QAM format, WDM signals at nearly 1-Tb/s/λ were successfully transmitted over 1,600 km with a capacity of 21.5 Tb/s.
Illumination pattern optimization in tomography based on the Kalman estimation filter and optimal experiment design
Authors: Pashaie Ramin
Published: April 2024

Tomography is widely used in medical imaging or industrial non-destructive testing applications. One costly and time consuming operation in any form of tomography is the process of data acquisition where a large number of measurements are made and collected data is used for image reconstruction. Data acquisition can slow down tomography to the point that the scanner cannot catch up with the speed of changes in the medium under test. By optimizing the information content of each measurement, we can reduce the number of measurements needed to achieve the target precision. Development of algorithms to optimize the information content of tomography measurements is the main goal of this article. Here, the dynamics of the medium and tomography measurements are formulated in the form of a Kalman estimation filter. A mathematical algorithm is developed to compute the optimal measurement matrix which minimizes the uncertainty left in the estimation of the distribution the tomography scanner is reconstructing. Results, as presented in the paper, show noticeable improvement is the quality of generated images when the medium is scanned by optimal measurements instead of traditional raster or random scanning protocols.
Synchronized source of indistinguishable photons for quantum networks
Authors: Lal Nijil , Burenkov Ivan A. , Li-Baboud Ya-Shian , Jabir M. V. , Kuo Paulina S. , Gerrits Thomas , Slattery Oliver , Polyakov Sergey V.
Published: April 2024

We present a source of indistinguishable photons at telecom wavelength, synchronized to an external clock, for the use in distributed quantum networks. We characterize the indistinguishability of photons generated in independent parametric down-conversion events using a Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer, and show non-classical interference with coalescence, C = 0.83(5). We also demonstrate the synchronization to an external clock within sub-picosecond timing jitter, which is significantly shorter than the single-photon wavepacket duration of ≈ 35 ps. Our source enables scalable quantum protocols over multi-node, long-distance optical networks using network-based clock recovery systems.
Reconstruction method suitable for fast CT imaging
Authors: Sun Xueqin , Li Yu , Li Yihong , Wang Sukai , Qin Yingwei , Chen Ping
Published: April 2024

Reconstructing computed tomography (CT) images from an extremely limited set of projections is crucial in practical applications. As the available projections significantly decrease, traditional reconstruction and model-based iterative reconstruction methods become constrained. This work aims to seek a reconstruction method applicable to fast CT imaging when available projections are highly sparse. To minimize the time and cost associated with projections acquisition, we propose a deep learning model, X-CTReNet, which parameterizes a nonlinear mapping function from orthogonal projections to CT volumes for 3D reconstruction. The proposed model demonstrates effective capability in inferring CT volumes from two-view projections compared to baseline methods, highlighting the significant potential for drastically reducing projection acquisition in fast CT imaging.
Imaging micrometer-sized aerosol particles with digital holography
Authors: Berg Matthew J. , Jacquot Justin , Harris Jeremy M. , Shen Xiaoli
Published: April 2024

Small particles that are trapped, deposited, or otherwise fixed can be imaged by digital holography with a resolution approaching that of optical microscopy. When such particles are in motion as an aerosol, a comparable resolution is challenging to achieve. Using a simplified bi-telecentric lens system, we demonstrate that 1µm free-flowing aerosol particles can be imaged at the single-particle level using digital in-line holography. The imaging is demonstrated with an aerosol of 1µm polystyrene latex microspheres and a ragweed pollen aerosol.
Optical chaos synchronization in a cascaded injection experiment
Authors: Mercadier Jules , Doumbia Yaya , Bittner Stefan , Sciamanna Marc
Published: April 2024

We experimentally study the synchronization of chaos generated by semiconductor lasers in a cascade injection configuration, i.e., a tunable master laser is used to generate chaos by optical injection in a transmitter laser that injects light into a receiver laser. Chaos synchronization between the transmitter and the receiver lasers is achieved with a correlation coefficient of 90% for a measurement bandwidth up to 35 GHz. Two parameter regions of good synchronization are found, corresponding to the alignment of the oscillation frequencies of the receiver laser with either the transmitter laser or the master laser.
Are forest management practices to improve carbon balance compatible with maintaining bird diversity under climate change? A case study in Eastern North America
Authors: Labadie Guillemette , Cadieux Philippe , Moreau Lucas , Bognounou Fidele , Thiffault Evelyne , Cyr Dominic , Boulanger Yan , Stralberg Diana , Grondin Pierre , Tremblay Junior A.
Published: April 2024

The combination of climate change and anthropogenic disturbance significantly impacts forest bird assemblages. Assessing the cumulative effects of forest management and climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration and storage and provisioning of wood products is key to informing forest management and conservation decision making. Specifically, we projected changes in forest composition and structure according to various forest management strategies under a changing climate using LANDIS-II for two case study areas of Quebec (Canada): a hemiboreal (Hereford Forest) and a boreal (Montmorency Forest) area. Then, we assessed projected bird assemblage changes, as well as sensitive and at-risk species. As part of an integrated assessment, we evaluated the best possible management measures aimed at preserving avian diversity and compared them with optimal options for mitigation of carbon emissions to the atmosphere. Forest management and climate change were projected to lead to significant changes in bird assemblages in both types of forest through changes in forest composition. We projected an increase in deciduous vegetation which favored species associated with mixed and deciduous stands to the detriment of species associated with older, coniferous forests. Changes were more pronounced in Hereford Forest than Montmorency Forest. In addition, Hereford’s bird assemblages were mainly affected by climate change, while those in Montmorency Forest were more impacted by forest management. We estimated that 25% of Hereford and 6% of Montmorency species will be sensitive to climate change, with projected abundance changes (positive or negative) exceeding 25%. According to the simulations, a decrease in the level of forest harvesting could benefit bird conservation and contribute to reduction of carbon emissions in the boreal forest area. Conversely, the hemiboreal forest area require trade-offs, as mitigation of carbon emissions is favored by more intensive forest management that stimulates the growth and carbon sequestration of otherwise stagnant stands.
Progression of herpesvirus infection remodels mitochondrial organization and metabolism
Authors: Leclerc Simon , Gupta Alka , Ruokolainen Visa , Chen Jian-Hua , Kunnas Kari , Ekman Axel A. , Niskanen Henri , Belevich Ilya , Vihinen Helena , Turkki Paula , Perez-Berna Ana J. , Kapishnikov Sergey , Mäntylä Elina , Harkiolaki Maria , Dufour Eric , Hytönen Vesa , Pereiro Eva , McEnroe Tony , Fahy Kenneth , Kaikkonen Minna U. , Jokitalo Eija , Larabell Carolyn A. , Weinhardt Venera , Mattola Salla , Aho Vesa , Vihinen-Ranta Maija
Published: April 2024

Viruses target mitochondria to promote their replication, and infection-induced stress during the progression of infection leads to the regulation of antiviral defenses and mitochondrial metabolism which are opposed by counteracting viral factors. The precise structural and functional changes that underlie how mitochondria react to the infection remain largely unclear. Here we show extensive transcriptional remodeling of protein-encoding host genes involved in the respiratory chain, apoptosis, and structural organization of mitochondria as herpes simplex virus type 1 lytic infection proceeds from early to late stages of infection. High-resolution microscopy and interaction analyses unveiled infection-induced emergence of rough, thin, and elongated mitochondria relocalized to the perinuclear area, a significant increase in the number and clustering of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites, and thickening and shortening of mitochondrial cristae. Finally, metabolic analyses demonstrated that reactivation of ATP production is accompanied by increased mitochondrial Ca2+ content and proton leakage as the infection proceeds. Overall, the significant structural and functional changes in the mitochondria triggered by the viral invasion are tightly connected to the progression of the virus infection.
Unveiling the ‘Gypsy’ Stereotypes
Authors: Szőke Dávid
Published: April 2024

Review of: Unveiling the ‘Gypsy’ Stereotypes

The ‘White’ Mask and the ‘Gypsy’ Mask in Film by Radmila Mladenova
A Nightmare of History
Authors: Sorrento Matthew
Published: April 2024

Review of: A Nightmare of History

George A. Romero’s The Amusement Park (1975)
Las obligaciones de criminalización y la reserva de ley en los países continentales, con especial atención a Italia
Authors: Grossi Lorenza
Published: April 2024

La reserva de ley en Italia parece estar en crisis desde hace mucho tiempo. Uno de los elementos más significativos de esta crisis es sin duda el cambiante sistema de fuentes. Tanto desde la perspectiva europea como desde la convencional, surgen obligaciones de criminalización. Por lo tanto, el legislador estaría vinculado, en la elección de los bienes a proteger a través de sanciones penales, a las indicaciones que provienen ya sea de Europa o de Estrasburgo. En realidad, al menos en Italia, la situación es menos caótica de lo que podría parecer, si se reconoce el papel de cierre desempeñado por el Tribunal Constitucional y, sobre todo, las indicaciones decisivas ya presentes en la Constitución. La impresión, de hecho, es que a través de la Constitución es posible reelaborar una nueva dimensión de la ‘reserva de ley’, utilizando de manera crítico-selectiva los principios establecidos en materia penal. Los aspectos principales se centrarán en el ‘cómo’ de la tipificación y en una visión más amplia de la norma penal, que incluya también aspectos procesales y penitenciarios, encontrando amplia confirmación, sobre todo, en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Estrasburgo.
Ethnobotanical importance of families Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, and Fabaceae (Angiosperms) among Rajasthan tribes, India
Authors: Sharma Supriya Kumari , Alam Afroz
Published: April 2024

The families Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, and Fabaceae are well-known among Angiosperms for providing ethnic or traditional food and medicine. The Apocynaceae family is highly valued for its medicinal properties, providing a rich source of drugs used in conventional and modern medicine. This family is a powerhouse of medicinal activity with 4600 species under 415 genera. Similarly, the Asteraceae family is renowned for its edible and medicinal weeds grown for over 3000 years, making it a well-known source of natural remedies. The family mainly contains taxa with inulin, a natural polysaccharide with pro-biotic properties. However, it has been recognized that many other bioactive compounds can be found within this family. With approximately 665 genera and 17500 species worldwide and over 1100 species and 100 genera in India alone, the Fabaceae family significantly contributes to the world's flora. The genera of this family are well known for producing a diverse range of phytochemicals, including 3-nitropropanoic acid, a potent mycotoxin. It is worth noting that almost every tribe in India, particularly Rajasthan, is aware of the therapeutic properties of various plants from these families. The arid state of India boasts rich territories that host an array of plant families. By delving into the scientific literature on the phytochemical properties and ethnobotanical uses of various plant families, valuable insights can be gained that could enable us to better understand and utilize these plants. This knowledge could lead to discoveries and innovations in plant-based medicine and agriculture.
How should we differentiate hypoglycaemia in non-diabetic patients?
Authors: Modestino Michele R. , Iacono Olimpia , Ferrentino Laura , Lombardi Anna , De Fortuna Umberto , Verdoliva Rita , De Luca Mariarosaria , Guardasole Vincenzo
Published: April 2024

Hypoglycaemic syndromes are rare in apparently healthy individuals and their diagnosis can be a difficult challenge for clinicians as there are no shared guidelines that suggest how to approach patients with a suspect hypoglycaemic disorder. Since hypoglycaemia symptoms are common and nonspecific, it’s necessary to document the Whipple Triad (signs and/or symptoms compatible with hypoglycaemia; relief of symptoms following glucose administration; low plasma glucose levels) before starting any procedure. Once the triad is documented, a meticulous anamnesis and laboratory tests (blood glucose, insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, β-hydroxybutyrate and anti-insulin antibodies) should be performed. Results can guide the physician towards further specific tests, concerning the suspected disease. In this review, we consider all current causes of hypoglycaemia, including rare diseases such as nesidioblastosis and Hirata’s syndrome, describe appropriate tests for diagnosis and suggest strategies to differentiate hypoglycaemia aetiology.
First record of albinism in long-nosed mongoose Xenogale naso documented with camera traps in the Yoko Council Forest, Centre Cameroon
Authors: Massoh Gertruide D. , Kirsten Iris , Wandji Alain C. , Difouo Ghislain F. , Simo Franklin T. , Breuer Thomas , Bauer Hans , Kamgang Serge A. , Bastin Didier , Mvéimané André , Ndiye Aurélien , Tamesse Joseph L. , Kekeunou Sévilor
Published: April 2024

Color mutations are a common phenomenon in vertebrates. Among these anomalies, albinism is the most common in wild mammals. We deployed 78 camera traps across the Yoko Council Forest (YCF) to inventory medium to large-sized terrestrial mammals and we obtained a total effort of 17,981 operational camera trap days, giving 169 detections of long-nosed mongoose. During this study, we obtained two independent detections of albino long-nosed mongooses (Xenogale naso). To our knowledge, this is the first report of albinism in this taxon.
Unpacking translanguaging in refusals on Chinese social media: strategies, distribution, and functions
Authors: Ma Yue , Li Min
Published: April 2024

Translanguaging has been documented to be frequently adopted in day-to-day online interaction. To date, except for Ren and Guo’s (2022. Translanguaging in self-praise on Chinese social media. Applied Linguistics Review 169. 1–22) pioneering study examining translanguaging practices in online self-praise, there has been scanty focus on how translanguaging is manifested in the realisation of specific speech acts, particularly the face-threatening speech act of refusing. To fill this research gap, the study explores the strategies, distributional patterns, and functions of translanguaging practices in digital refusals through the analysis of naturally occurring data collected on WeChat over five months. The findings indicate that online interlocutors utilized a wide range of translanguaging strategies from multimodal, multilingual, and multi-semiotic resources. Four turn positions are identified in decreasing order of frequency: single turn, turn final, turn medial, and turn initial. Furthermore, translanguaging in refusals denotes interpersonal, expressive, textual, and operational functions, with the first two constituting the majority. Based on these findings, three types of refusals shaped by translanguaging are identified, namely, refusals with translanguaging as a redressive strategy, refusals with translanguaging as a marker of mock impoliteness, and refusals with translanguaging as a facilitator of smooth online communication. The study concludes by highlighting that the nature of the speech act, digital genres and platforms, and the relationship existing between interlocutors contribute to translanguaging practices in online refusals.
Inclined surface mixed convection flow of viscous fluid with porous medium and Soret effects
Authors: Mopuri Obulesu , Ganteda Charankumar , Alsalhi Sarah A. , Khan Sami Ullah , Ganjikunta Aruna , Govindan Vediyappan , Alqurashi Faris , Kchaou Mohamed
Published: April 2024

The combined heat and mass transfer phenomenon is a significant aspect of engineering and industrial processes. This phenomenon finds applications in various areas such as air conditioning, cooling and heating control of electronic devices, reactors, chemical systems, and emission processes. This research model focuses on the analysis of mixed convection flow of a viscous fluid with heat and mass transfer on an inclined surface with porous medium characteristics. The study also considers external heat transfer effects, radiation, Soret influence, and chemical reactions. A perturbation solution is derived in closed form, and the impact of various parameters on the thermal behavior is investigated. A comparative analysis of the heating and cooling regimes in plate flow is conducted, revealing a reduction in velocity in the heated plate regime with changes in the permeability parameter and an increase in concentration phase due to the Soret number.
Theta Phase Entrainment of Single-Cell Spiking in Rat Somatosensory Barrel Cortex and Secondary Visual Cortex Is Enhanced during Multisensory Discrimination Behavior
Authors: Ruikes Thijs R. , Fiorilli Julien , Lim Judith , Huis in ‘t Veld Gerjan , Bosman Conrado , Pennartz Cyriel M. A.
Published: April 2024

Phase entrainment of cells by theta oscillations is thought to globally coordinate the activity of cell assemblies across different structures, such as the hippocampus and neocortex. This coordination is likely required for optimal processing of sensory input during recognition and decision-making processes. In quadruple-area ensemble recordings from male rats engaged in a multisensory discrimination task, we investigated phase entrainment of cells by theta oscillations in areas along the corticohippocampal hierarchy: somatosensory barrel cortex (S1BF), secondary visual cortex (V2L), perirhinal cortex (PER), and dorsal hippocampus (dHC). Rats discriminated between two 3D objects presented in tactile-only, visual-only, or both tactile and visual modalities. During task engagement, S1BF, V2L, PER, and dHC LFP signals showed coherent theta-band activity. We found phase entrainment of single-cell spiking activity to locally recorded as well as hippocampal theta activity in S1BF, V2L, PER, and dHC. While phase entrainment of hippocampal spikes to local theta oscillations occurred during sustained epochs of task trials and was nonselective for behavior and modality, somatosensory and visual cortical cells were only phase entrained during stimulus presentation, mainly in their preferred modality (S1BF, tactile; V2L, visual), with subsets of cells selectively phase-entrained during cross-modal stimulus presentation (S1BF: visual; V2L: tactile). This effect could not be explained by modulations of firing rate or theta amplitude. Thus, hippocampal cells are phase entrained during prolonged epochs, while sensory and perirhinal neurons are selectively entrained during sensory stimulus presentation, providing a brief time window for coordination of activity.
A Combinatorial Construction of Bi-Cyclic 4-Polytopes
Authors: Bisztriczky Tibor
Published: April 2024

A bi-cyclic 4-polytope in ℝ4 was introduced by Z. Smilansky as the convex hull of evenly spaced points on a generalized trigonometric moment curve in ℝ4. We present combinatorial geometric conditions that yield the face lattices of a class of such 4-polytopes.
Increasing access to legal information with unsupervised solutions
Authors: Vági Renátó , Üveges István , Megyeri Andrea , Fülöp Anna , Vadász János Pál , Nagy Dániel , Csányi Gergely Márk
Published: April 2024

Access to justice is a significant area of legal research, especially for Socio-Legal studies. The main research topics of this area are economic or class differences, gender inequalities, or national and ethnic differences in access to justice. However, there is a less discussed aspect of access to justice: the differences between access to legal information and the differences in user groups in terms of comprehending and processing legal information. This is an important topic because there are significant differences among people's abilities to process and understand legal texts, depending on whether we are dealing with a lawyer who is an expert in the given field, a non-expert lawyer, or a citizen with a low or zero (legal) educational level. The paper argues that unsupervised machine learning solutions can help even out these differences. It presents different unsupervised solutions, mainly clustering and topic modelling, which can help to increase access to legal information. Then we present a case study in which we examine these unsupervised tools in the processing of resolutions of the Central Bank in Hungary and anonymized court decisions. The paper argues that these tools can reveal the hidden contextual regularities in unstructured legal texts, facilitating the search for legal texts even for non-legal-experts.
Moorish Viper, Daboia mauritanica (Gray, 1849) (Squamata, Viperidae), in Algeria: new provincial records, range extension, and an update on its distribution
Authors: Chedad Abdelwahab , Bouam Idriss , El Bouhissi Mayssara , Dahmani Walid , Ait Hammou Mohamed , Mebarki Mohammed Tahar , Mezzi Mahmoud , Sadine Salah Eddine
Published: April 2024

 Daboia mauritanica (Gray, 1849), Moorish Viper, is native to North Africa. We update the distribution map for this species in Algeria, providing 19 new locality records, ﬁlling distribution gaps and signiﬁcantly expanding the species’ known range. Our updated distribution map reveals a widespread presence of the species in northern Algeria, extending south into the northern Sahara. We note that some historical records in certain provinces remain unconﬁrmed and/or questionable, indicating the need for further investigation. Our ﬁndings underscore the importance of collaboration between researchers and citizen scientists in Algeria.
Pull Tab Archaeology
Authors: Wijnen Jobbe
Published: April 2024

The Pull Tab Archaeology project (PTA project) was launched in 2018, with the aim of diving straight into the creative, communication-oriented and fluid archaeological experiences of the life world, and of breaking some implicit rules of formal (Dutch) archaeology in the process. As narrowly defined, the project comprises the study of beverage can pull tabs. However, it also has broader significance due to its focus on archaeology as a craft, on archaeological experiences and on Do-It-Yourself (DIY) culture. The project emerged out of Dutch conflict archaeology in cultural resource management, and involved a world-spanning social-media citizen-science project. Over 4700 pull tabs from 37 countries were recorded, and c. 100 pull tab types – or “species” – were found. Drawing on the work of David Gauntlett, the article proposes that experiential DIY archaeological craft creates social capital and can be a modest remedy for our late modern world, which is afflicted by alienation from its environment and by solastalgia. The article proposes that archaeology as a tool for reconnecting is of greater importance for current society than our traditional focus on knowledge production for cultural histories and the vulnerability of heritage.
STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF PRODUCTION OF MIXED FEEDS FOR SWINE OF DIFFERENT AGES
Authors: Fihurska L. , Tsiundyk O. , Chernega I.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the types of pig feeding in Ukraine. The quality result of piglet fattening is 60...70% influenced by the feed itself, about 20% by animal genetics, 10% by veterinary care, and about 10% by housing conditions. The number of pigs was analyzed. In Ukraine, according to the State Statistics Service, as of January 1, 2023, the pig population was 4.95 million heads. The world pig population in 2021 was approximately 1.02 billion heads, the largest pig population in China - more than 400 million heads. The total pig population in the EU in 2022 was 237 million heads. The production of compound feed for pigs in Ukraine is analyzed. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the production of compound feed for pigs in 2021 amounted to 1.2 million tons. China, the USA, Brazil, Spain and Mexico are among the countries that produce compound fodder for pigs in the world. The consumption of feed and water by pigs depending on the daily gain was considered, as well as the scheme of feeding piglets with full-rational compound feed per day. It is necessary to observe the daily rate of consumption of nutrients and biologically active substances depending on the age of young pigs. The modern organization of pig fattening, which involves one-, two- or three-phase feeding systems, is considered. The need for the production of compound feeds for pigs that meet feeding standards and restrictions on the introduction of components is substantiated. Types of compound feed and their advantages are presented. Such technological methods of production of compound fodder for pigs as granulation, extrusion, expansion were analyzed. Due to the high temperature and pressure, the nutritional value of compound feed improves. When feeding mixed fodder by the wet-heat treatment method, minimal mechanical losses occur, feed costs are reduced by 7...8%, and the growth energy of young animals increases by 6...12%. When fed with balanced feed, the productivity of animals increases by 12...15%, and when enriched with microelements and other substances, by 25...30% in relation to feeding with certain types of grain.