bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Business Models: A Case Study of the Commercialization of a Mobile Health Unit
Authors: Eriksson Päivi , Vilhunen Juha , Voutilainen Kalevi
Published: December 2015

The case study examines how commercial value for new ideas is created through business model design. More specifically, the study is concerned with the commercialization process of a ‘dental care on wheels’ prototype called Suupirssi, which was originally manufactured for teaching and training purposes. It was later considered that mobile dental care services, and perhaps other types of mobile health care services, could have a wider business potential in both domestic and global markets. The case study elaborates on the process of designing and testing multiple business models that could be used either separately or simultaneously.
Accelerating Corporate Transformation in Emerging Markets: The Case of FirstBank
Authors: Adeleye Ifedapo
Published: December 2015

The aim of this article is to investigate how an established firm in a dynamic market was able to successfully execute a corporate renewal programme in a hypercompetitive business environment. The study seeks to understand how market incumbents can transform themselves and outcompete younger, seemingly more entrepreneurial players.

A longitudinal case study approach was used, following the extensive data collection in several periods between 2005 and 2013. Within this period, over 10 company visits were done to gain a first-hand knowledge of the transformation programme and to interview several senior executives and other stakeholders across the firm. In addition, relevant information from archival data and reports was collected during this period. Accelerated transformation requires taking calculated risks, redesigning the organization to align with the market, and making substantial investments in people.

The study is limited to the transformation strategies adopted by a single company, FirstBank. While some of the lessons from this study can be applied to banks and other firms in transitional markets, certain factors idiosyncratic to the firm may make the universal adoption of their approach impossible.

Many transformation initiatives tend to focus narrowly on technical, information technology (IT) issues, and leave out the so-called ‘soft issues’. From this case, transformation best works when process and structural transformation is complemented by radical changes in organization design and talent management systems.
Actions of Two Entrepreneurs in Growth-oriented Business Development
Authors: Piispanen Ville-Veikko , Paloniemi Kaarlo J.
Published: December 2015

This article considers the balance between entrepreneurial and strategic actions in business development. Entrepreneurial action focuses on creating new business opportunities, and strategic action focuses on developing effective everyday business actions related to a firm’s existing business opportunity. The article employs a longitudinal multiple case study of business development of two growth-oriented Finnish information and communications technology (ICT) entrepreneurs from the perspective of strategic entrepreneurship (SE). Our findings show that when our case entrepreneurs focus more on emphasizing the effectiveness of existing business opportunity exploitation, they are more likely to follow this kind of logic in the context of an established firm but they are less likely to follow it in the context of a start-up. While it is difficult to specify the optimal mix, the balance between entrepreneurial and strategic actions, entrepreneurs need to devote enough energy to opportunity-seeking actions to ensure a firm’s future viability, and they must simultaneously engage in sufficient advantage-seeking actions to ensure the firm’s current viability.
Ogniroth Studios: Transforming Ideas into Innovation
Authors: Ahmed Jashim Uddin , Uddin Mohammad Jasim , Shimul Md. Anwar Sadat , Huda S S M Sadrul
Published: December 2015

The Ogniroth Studios has been an overwhelming experience in understanding how animation firms operate in Bangladesh, especially about their major promotional and marketing strategies, overall attitude and behaviour of the advertising industry towards animation and video effects (VFX). Ogniroth Studios is one of the leading VFX-based firms in Bangladeshi advertising industry that offers animation and VFX services to different clients. Since its inception, it has been dedicatedly exploring innovation and delivering outstanding and quality works. The advertising agencies that operate in Bangladesh are not equipped with in-house VFX facilities, and therefore they primarily rely on external firms, such as, Ogniroth Studios. Although such industry has a very short history in Bangladesh, over the past four years of operation Ogniroth Studios has successfully managed to offer outstanding works and thus satisfying the clients by being competitive to the global market. The founders of Ogniroth Studios believe in promoting innovation; thus, they do not restrict the boundary of imagination. Marketing activities and branding of Ogniroth Studios play a vital role to its achieving sustainability.
A New Strategic Direction at HTC Corporation
Authors: Bhatt P.R.
Published: December 2015

HTC has incurred losses for 27 consecutive months with declining revenue from NT$ 289 billion (US$ 9.7 billion) in 2012 to NT$ 203.4 billion (US$ 6.8 billion) in 2013, a decrease of 29.6 per cent compared to 2012. Its market share fell below 2 per cent in 2013. As a result, Chairman Cher Wang stepped in to monitor marketing and customer services. She wanted to make HTC a thought leader. As a measure to reverse the decline, she embarked on more ‘purposeful’ marketing, including the launching of a ‘Power to Give’ app and focused on design and craftsmanship rather than specific features. HTC introduced innovative HTC One Android line of products. Cher Wang has made a decision to go for a dual strategy of making high- and low-end hardware to cater the demand of both high- and low-end customers.
The Digital Biliteracies of Arab Immigrant Mothers
Authors: Al-Salmi Laila Z. , Smith Patrick H.
Published: December 2015

Few studies have explored how the literacies of immigrant parents are influenced by participation in their children’s emerging biliteracy. This study addressed this lacuna using a qualitative case study design to investigate the biliteracy development of Arab immigrant mothers in the U.S. Southwest. We used the framework of digital biliteracy to study participants’ literacy practices in Arabic and English and how these changed in the process of raising bilingual/biliterate children. As participants experienced life changes as immigrants, mothers, and language learners, they navigated this work through forms of digital technologies previously unfamiliar to them. They learned new words in both languages and developed digital literacy skills needed to use computers, tablets, and cell phones; access the Internet; create e-mail accounts; and translate terms across English and Arabic. The study contributes to knowledge of the literacy practices of Arab immigrant families and offers implications for research and practice.
Calibrating well-being, quality of life and common mental disorder items: Psychometric epidemiology in public mental health research
Authors: Böhnke Jan R. , Croudace Tim J.
Published: December 2015

Background

The assessment of ‘general health and well-being’ in public mental health research stimulates debates around relative merits of questionnaire instruments and their items. Little evidence regarding alignment or differential advantages of instruments or items has appeared to date.

Aims

Population-based psychometric study of items employed in public mental health narratives.

Method

Multidimensional item response theory was applied to General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) and EQ-5D items (Health Survey for England, 2010–2012; n = 19 290).

Results

A bifactor model provided the best account of the data and showed that the GHQ-12 and WEMWBS items assess mainly the same construct. Only one item of the EQ-5D showed relevant overlap with this dimension (anxiety/depression). Findings were corroborated by comparisons with alternative models and cross-validation analyses.

Conclusions

The consequences of this lack of differentiation (GHQ-12 v. WEMWBS) for mental health and well-being narratives deserves discussion to enrich debates on priorities in public mental health and its assessment.
Recent advances in the elucidation of enzymatic function in natural product biosynthesis
Authors: Tan Gao-Yi , Deng Zixin , Liu Tiangang
Published: December 2015

With the successful production of artemisinic acid in yeast, the promising potential of synthetic biology for natural product biosynthesis is now being realized. The recent total biosynthesis of opioids in microbes is considered to be another landmark in this field. The importance and significance of enzymes in natural product biosynthetic pathways have been re-emphasized by these advancements. Therefore, the characterization and elucidation of enzymatic function in natural product biosynthesis are undoubtedly fundamental for the development of new drugs and the heterologous biosynthesis of active natural products. Here, discoveries regarding enzymatic function in natural product biosynthesis over the past year are briefly reviewed.
The applicability decision of the ECHR in legal proceedings
Authors: Виноградова Полина , Vinogradova Polina
Published: December 2015

In modern conditions, changing approaches to the implementation of international law there is both the need and opportunity. The article considers some issues of the relation of national and international law. The legal position about resolution of conflicts of constitutional and conventional interpretations are based on the decision of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the so-called request for the applicability of decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. Since 2014 there is a new version of Article 101 of the Federal Constitutional Law on the Constitutional Court, which establishes opportunity to apply to the Constitutional Court against the decision of the ECHR. This provision contains an important mechanism for harmonization the constitutional and conventional interpretation.
Developing a person-centred approach to carer assessment and support
Authors: Ewing Gail , Austin Lynn , Diffin Janet , Grande Gunn
Published: December 2015

Community nurses play an important role in providing palliative care and support for patients and carers at home. The Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT) provides practitioners with an evidence-based comprehensive tool to use with carers in palliative home care. As a practice tool, the CSNAT uses a person-centred approach—that is, the process of carer assessment and support is facilitated by practitioners but is carerled. In this paper, the CSNAT research team provides an overview of the development of the tool and the benefits for both carers and practitioners arising from using the CSNAT as a person-centred approach in practice. The authors outline the five stages of the CSNAT approach to assist practitioners wishing to implement the CSNAT in practice.
Concept of successful ageing among the community-dwelling oldest old in Japan
Authors: Sato-Komata Michiko , Hoshino Akiko , Usui Kanae , Katsura Toshiki
Published: December 2015

Aim:

In Japan, increasing human longevity has forced society to rethink the notion of what constitutes ‘successful ageing’. This study attempts to advocate a new concept of successful ageing that involves complete acceptance of the ageing process.

Method:

Research was based on semi-structured interviews with 15 community dwelling oldest-old (aged 85 years and above) participants. The analysis was completed using a grounded theory approach.

Findings:

Successful ageing for the oldest old was grouped into six categories. Within these categories, we discovered the structure of successful ageing, which synthesises ideas from the adaptation process with those of physical and cognitive decreased function as well as spirituality.

Conclusion:

The oldest old in Japan work to arrive at a conclusion with their lives, all the while coping with the drawbacks of ageing, such as declining physical and cognitive functions. This resilient and flexible way of life makes their form of ageing an equally ‘successful’ one.
Learning to deal with crisis in the home: Part 2 - preparing preregistration students
Authors: Gibson Caroline E , Dickson Caroline , Lawson Bill , McMillan Ailsa , Kelly Helena
Published: December 2015

The global shift of health care is from acute services to community and primary care. Therefore, registrants must be prepared to work effectively within diverse settings. This article is the second in a series discussing the preparation of nurses for contemporary health-care challenges in the community. In it, we outline the design, implementation, and evaluation of simulated emergency scenarios within an honours degree-level, pre-registration nursing curriculum in Scotland. Over 3 years, 99 final-year students participated in interactive sessions focusing on recognition and management of the deteriorating patient and emergency care. Clinical scenarios were designed and delivered collaboratively with community practitioners. Debriefing challenged the students to reflect on learning and transferability of skills of clinical reasoning and care management to the community context. Students considered the scenarios to be realistic and perceived that their confidence had increased. Development of such simulation exercises is worthy of further debate in education and practice.
Implications of case managers' perceptions and attitude on safety of home-delivered care
Authors: Jones Sarahjane
Published: December 2015

Perceptions on safety in community care have been relatively unexplored. A project that sought to understand the multiple perspectives on safety in the NHS case-management programme was carried out in relation to the structure, process, and outcome of care. This article presents a component of the nursing perspective that highlights an important element in the structure of nursing care that could potentially impede the nurses' ability to be fully effective and safe. A single case study of the case-management programme was undertaken. Three primary care organisations from three strategic health authorities participated, and three focus groups were conducted (one within each organisation). In total, 17 case management nurses participated. Data were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim and subjected to framework analysis. Nursing staff attitudes were identified as a structure of care that influence safety outcomes, particularly their perceptions of the care setting and the implications it has on their role and patient behaviour. Greater understanding of the expected role of the community nurse is necessary, and relevant training is required for nurses to be successful in empowering patients to perform more safely. In addition, efforts need to be made to improve patients' trust in the health-care system to prevent harm and promote more effective utilisation of resources.
Mental healthcare in the UK: What is the solution?
Authors: Gournay Kevin
Published: December 2015

Kevin Gournay reviews the publication of two reports from the King's Fund and Mental Health Foundcation on the state of mental healthcare in the UK
Managing agitation in inpatient care: the contribution of NICE guidance
Authors: Gournay Kevin
Published: December 2015

Agitation is one of the most common words to be found in nursing notes, however, it is ill-defined. This article describes the various causes of agitation, both physical and mental, and describes the common consequences. The importance of the recently published NICE guidance on violence and aggression is emphasised, with a recommendation that this should be required reading for mental health nurses.
An introduction to the cognitive behavioural analysis system of psychotherapy: Part 2
Authors: Swan John , Liebing-Wilson Marianne , Sloan Graham
Published: December 2015

Depression can be a severely disabling condition, which affects a substantial proportion of the population. People with chronic depression now have available to them a therapy that is demonstrating promise as an evidence-based psychological treatment. In this article a description and explanation of cognitive behavioural analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP) in the treatment of chronic depression will be presented. The aim of this article is to provide information and explanation of CBASP that will equip mental health nurses with sufficient understanding of the treatment and related processes. This overview will equip mental health nurses with the knowledge for them to appreciate when to refer someone for this therapy.
Responding to the rise of adult male self injury within an inpatient setting
Authors: Reeve Jonathan
Published: December 2015

Caring for males who engage in self-injurious behaviour is a highly emotive and challenging dimension of mental health nursing. Although a wide range of interventions exist, the prevalence of this behaviour appears to be increasing. Gender variations in this behaviour present the nurse with a distinct set of issues that often require the use of different skills, competencies and personal resources. A lack of understanding of the function of this behaviour further adds to the challenge of delivering effective care. The formulation-driven approach to nursing care for males who self-injure is not a commonly used approach, despite being shown to enhance personalised care delivery and improve the clarity and communications of needs. This article demonstrates how a three-strand project was able to improve the care of males who self-injure. This was achieved through a health awareness campaign to highlight the growing trend of this behaviour while addressing the stigma that surrounds it with the development and delivery of a staff training and skills enhancement workshop, and of an adapted formulation tool to underpin the nurse care planning process.
‘I just feel everything has got too much. I have plans of how I am going to end my own life’
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: December 2015

The latest ChildLine figures indicate an increase in suicidal feelings among teenagers, a spike in calls about sexual abuse, and more than 85 000 contacts about mental health. They have sparked warnings about the lack of resources to support young people.
Anaphylaxis: It's about time
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: December 2015

Every school should implement policies and practices to reduce the risk of, and manage, anaphylaxis. More than one in every 300 people experiences anaphylaxis some time during their lives. Deaths, fortunately, are rare. Nevertheless, delays in administering adrenaline appear to be the main reason contributing to fatalities from food allergy among pre-school- and school-aged children. School nurses could participate in the anaphylactic incident review, which should take place ideally within a week of each attack.
Supporting pupils with obsessive compulsive disorder
Authors: Thornton Stephanie
Published: December 2015

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) can have a serious impact on children and young people and affect everyday life and social relationships. Stephanie Thornton looks at the importance of taking this condition seriously.
Finalising the design and preparing for conferences
Authors: Menzies Alison
Published: December 2015

In her regular column, Alison Menzies shares her experiences as a research scholarship holder and on the development of an app aimed at young offenders.
The childhood flu immunisation programme in Scotland
Authors: Lepkowska Dorothy
Published: December 2015

Dorothy Lepkowska takes a look at the childhood flu immunisation programme in Scotland.
Realising the potential: Early help for neglect in school nursing
Authors: Haynes Alice
Published: December 2015

Alice Haynes shares the findings of an NSPCC report on tackling child neglect, based on a study involving health visitors, school nurses, GPs, midwives, teachers and early years' practitioners, as well as children and young people.
Meningitis and septicaemia: Causes and presentation
Authors: Watkins Jean
Published: December 2015

Bacterial meningitis and septicaemia, although not common, are still responsible for the most deaths from infectious illness in children. Young adults and the elderly are also at greater risk of developing the disease which may result in death or life-changing complications. This article focuses on the causes of the infection, and symptoms, which, if recognised, referred quickly to hospital and treated early may help to reduce the numbers of fatalities and serious complications. Subsequent articles will discuss management, complications and prevention.
The needs of many girls with autism are going unmet
Authors: Walker Sophie
Published: December 2015

Sophie Walker reports on the gender bias in autism preconceptions, which means that the needs of many girls who have the condition are going unmet.
Ilizarov management of Schatzker IV to VI fractures of the tibial plateau
Authors: Keightley A. J. , Nawaz S. Z. , Jacob J. T. , Unnithan A. , Elliott D. S. , Khaleel A.
Published: December 2015

This study aimed to determine the long-term functional, clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with Schatzker IV to VI fractures of the tibial plateau treated with an Ilizarov frame. Clinical, functional and radiological assessment was carried out at a minimum of one year post-operatively. A cohort of 105 patients (62 men, 43 women) with a mean age of 49 years (15 to 87) and a mean follow-up of 7.8 years (1 to 19) were reviewed. There were 18 type IV, 10 type V and 77 type VI fractures. All fractures united with a mean time to union of 20.1 weeks (10.6 to 42.3). No patient developed a deep infection. The median range of movement (ROM) of the knee was 110oand the median Iowa score was 85.

Our study demonstrates good long-term functional outcome with no deep infection; spanning the knee had no detrimental effect on the ROM or functional outcome.

High-energy fractures of the tibial plateau may be treated effectively with a fine wire Ilizarov fixator.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1693–7.
Do post-operative changes of neck–shaft angle and femoral component anteversion have an effect on clinical outcome following uncemented total hip arthroplasty?
Authors: Müller M. , Abdel M. P. , Wassilew G. I. , Duda G. , Perka C.
Published: December 2015

The accurate reconstruction of hip anatomy and biomechanics is thought to be important in achieveing good clinical outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA). To this end some newer hip designs have introduced further modularity into the design of the femoral component such that neck­shaft angle and anteversion, which can be adjusted intra-operatively. The clinical effect of this increased modularity is unknown. We have investigated the changes in these anatomical parameters following conventional THA with a prosthesis of predetermined neck–shaft angle and assessed the effect of changes in the hip anatomy on clinical outcomes.

In total, 44 patients (mean age 65.3 years (standard deviation (sd) 7); 17 male/27 female; mean body mass index 26.9 (kg/m²) (sd 3.1)) underwent a pre- and post-operative three-dimensional CT scanning of the hip. The pre- and post-operative neck–shaft angle, offset, hip centre of rotation, femoral anteversion, and stem alignment were measured. Additionally, a functional assessment and pain score were evaluated before surgery and at one year post-operatively and related to the post-operative anatomical changes.

The mean pre-operative neck–shaft angle was significantly increased by 2.8° from 128° (sd 6.2; 119° to 147°) to 131° (sd 2.1; 127° to 136°) (p = 0.009). The mean pre-operative anteversion was 24.9° (sd 8; 7.9 to 39.1) and reduced to 7.4° (sd 7.3; -11.6° to 25.9°) post-operatively (p < 0.001). The post-operative changes had no influence on function and pain. Using a standard uncemented femoral component, high pre- and post-operative variability of femoral anteversion and neck–shaft angles was found with a significant decrease of the post-operative anteversion and slight increase of the neck–shaft angles, but without any impact on clinical outcome.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1615–22.
The use of a modular system to convert an anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty to a reverse shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Weber-Spickschen T. S. , Alfke D. , Agneskirchner J. D.
Published: December 2015

If a modular convertible total shoulder system is used as a primary implant for an anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty, failure of the prosthesis or the rotator cuff can be addressed by converting it to a reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), with retention of the humeral stem and glenoid baseplate. This has the potential to reduce morbidity and improve the results.

In a retrospective study of 14 patients (15 shoulders) with a mean age of 70 years (47 to 83) we reviewed the clinical and radiological outcome of converting an anatomical shoulder arthroplasty (ASA) to a RSA using a convertible prosthetic system (SMR system, Lima, San Daniele, Italy).

The mean operating time was 64 minutes (45 to 75). All humeral stems and glenoid baseplates were found to be well-fixed and could be retained. There were no intra-operative or early post-operative complications and no post-operative infection.

The mean follow-up was 43 months (21 to 83), by which time the mean visual analogue scale for pain had decreased from 8 pre-operatively to 1, the mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Score from 12 to 76, the mean Oxford shoulder score from 3 to 39, the mean Western Ontario Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder Score from 1618 to 418 and the mean Subjective shoulder value from 15 to 61.

On radiological review, one patient had a lucency around the humeral stem, two had stress shielding. There were no fatigue fractures of the acromion but four cases of grade 1 scapular notching.

The use of a convertible prosthetic system to revise a failed ASA reduces morbidity and minimises the rate of complications. The mid-term clinical and radiological results of this technique are promising.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1662–7.
Acromioclavicular joint reconstruction using the LockDown synthetic implant
Authors: Taranu R. , Rushton P. R. P. , Serrano-Pedraza I. , Holder L. , Wallace W. A. , Candal-Couto J. J.
Published: December 2015

Dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint is a relatively common injury and a number of surgical interventions have been described for its treatment. Recently, a synthetic ligament device has become available and been successfully used, however, like other non-native solutions, a compromise must be reached when choosing non-anatomical locations for their placement. This cadaveric study aimed to assess the effect of different clavicular anchorage points for the Lockdown device on the reduction of acromioclavicular joint dislocations, and suggest an optimal location. We also assessed whether further stability is provided using a coracoacromial ligament transfer (a modified Neviaser technique). The acromioclavicular joint was exposed on seven fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders. The joint was reconstructed using the Lockdown implant using four different clavicular anchorage points and reduction was measured. The coracoacromial ligament was then transferred to the lateral end of the clavicle, and the joint re-assessed. If the Lockdown ligament was secured at the level of the conoid tubercle, the acromioclavicular joint could be reduced anatomically in all cases. If placed medial or 2 cm lateral, the joint was irreducible. If the Lockdown was placed 1 cm lateral to the conoid tubercle, the joint could be reduced with difficulty in four cases. Correct placement of the Lockdown device is crucial to allow anatomical joint reduction. Even when the Lockdown was placed over the conoid tubercle, anterior clavicle displacement remained but this could be controlled using a coracoacromial ligament transfer.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1657–61.
Outcomes following subcapital osteotomy for severe slipped upper femoral epiphysis
Authors: Vanhegan I. S. , Cashman J. P. , Buddhdev P. , Hashemi-Nejad A.
Published: December 2015

Slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE) is the most common hip disorder to affect adolescents. Controversy exists over the optimal treatment of severe slips, with a continuing debate between in situ fixation versus corrective surgery. We present our experience in a series of 57 patients presenting with severe unilateral SUFE (defined > 50°) managed with a subcapital cuneiform osteotomy.

Between 2001 and 2011, 57 patients (35 male, 22 female) with a mean age of 13.1 years (9.6 to 20.3, SD 2.3) were referred to our tertiary referral institution with a severe slip. The affected limb was rested in slings and springs before corrective surgery which was performed via an anterior Smith-Petersen approach. Radiographic analysis confirmed an improvement in mean head–shaft slip angle from 53.8o(standard deviation (sd) 3.2) pre-operatively to 9.1o(sd 3.1) post-operatively, with minimal associated femoral neck shortening. In total 50 (88%) patients were complication free at a mean follow-up of seven years (2.8 to 13.9 years, sd 3). Their mean Oxford hip score was 44 (37 to 48) and median visual analogue pain score was 0 out of 10 (interquartile range 0 to 4). A total of six patients (10.5%) developed avascular necrosis requiring further surgery and one (1.8%) patient developed chondrolysis but declined further intervention.

This is a technically demanding operation with variable outcomes reported in the literature. We have demonstrated good results in our tertiary centre.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1718–25.
The prognostic and therapeutic factors which influence the oncological outcome of parosteal osteosarcoma
Authors: Laitinen M. , Parry M. , Albergo J. I. , Jeys L. , Abudu A. , Carter S. , Sumathi V. , Grimer R.
Published: December 2015

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic and therapeutic factors which influence the oncological outcome of parosteal osteosarcoma.

A total of 80 patients with a primary parosteal osteosarcoma were included in this retrospective study. There were 51 females and 29 males with a mean age of 29.9 years (11 to 78).

The mean follow-up was 11.2 years (1 to 40). Overall survival was 91.8% at five years and 87.8% at ten years. Local recurrence occurred in 14 (17.5%) patients and was associated with intralesional surgery and a large volume of tumour. On histological examination, 80% of the local recurrences were dedifferentiated high-grade tumours. A total of 12 (14.8%) patients developed pulmonary metastases, of whom half had either a dedifferentiated tumour or a local recurrence. Female gender and young age were good prognostic factors. Local recurrence was a poor prognostic factor for survival. Medullary involvement or the use of chemotherapy had no impact on survival.

The main goal in treating a parosteal osteosarcoma must be to achieve a wide surgical margin, as inadequate margins are associated with local recurrence. Local recurrence has a significant negative effect on survival, as 80% of the local recurrences are high-grade dedifferentiated tumours, and half of these patients develop metastases.

The role of chemotherapy in the treatment of parosteal osteosarcoma is not as obvious as it is in the treatment of conventional osteosarcoma. The mainstay of treatment is wide local excision.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1698–1703.
Revision of hemiarthroplasty to total hip arthroplasty using the cement-in-cement technique
Authors: Mounsey E. J. , Williams D. H. , Howell J. R. , Hubble M. J.
Published: December 2015

Revision of a cemented hemiarthroplasty of the hip may be a hazardous procedure with high rates of intra-operative complications. Removing well-fixed cement is time consuming and risks damaging already weak bone or perforating the femoral shaft. The cement-in-cement method avoids removal of intact cement and has shown good results when used for revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). The use of this technique for the revision of a hemiarthroplasty to THA has not been previously reported.

A total of 28 consecutive hemiarthroplasties (in 28 patients) were revised to a THA using an Exeter stem and the cement-in-cement technique. There were four men and 24 women; their mean age was 80 years (35 to 93). Clinical and radiographic data, as well as operative notes, were collected prospectively and no patient was lost to follow-up.

Four patients died within two years of surgery. The mean follow up of the remainder was 70 months (25 to 124). Intra-operatively there was one proximal perforation, one crack of the femoral calcar and one acetabular fracture. No femoral components have required subsequent revision for aseptic loosening or are radiologically loose.

Four patients with late complications (14%) have since undergone surgery (two for a peri-prosthetic fracture, and one each for deep infection and recurrent dislocation) resulting in an overall major rate of complication of 35.7%.

The cement-in-cement technique provides reliable femoral fixation in this elderly population and may reduce operating time and rates of complication.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1623–7.
Outcome of surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation in young individuals
Authors: Strömqvist F. , Strömqvist B. , Jönsson B. , Gerdhem P. , Karlsson M. K.
Published: December 2015

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is uncommon in youth and few cases are treated surgically. Very few outcome studies exist for LDH surgery in this age group. Our aim was to explore differences in gender in pre-operative level of disability and outcome of surgery for LDH in patients aged ≤ 20 years using prospectively collected data.

From the national Swedish SweSpine register we identified 180 patients with one-year and 108 with two-year follow-up data ≤ 20 years of age, who between the years 2000 and 2010 had a primary operation for LDH.

Both male and female patients reported pronounced impairment before the operation in all patient reported outcome measures, with female patients experiencing significantly greater back pain, having greater analgesic requirements and reporting significantly inferior scores in EuroQol (EQ-5D-index), EQ-visual analogue scale, most aspects of Short Form-36 and Oswestry Disabilities Index, when compared with male patients. Surgery conferred a statistically significant improvement in all registered parameters, with few gender discrepancies. Quality of life at one year following surgery normalised in both males and females and only eight patients (4.5%) were dissatisfied with the outcome. Virtually all parameters were stable between the one- and two-year follow-up examination.

LDH surgery leads to normal health and a favourable outcome in both male and female patients aged 20 years or younger, who failed to recover after non-operative management.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1675–82.
The relationship of calcaneal apophyseal ossification and Sanders hand scores to the timing of peak height velocity in adolescents
Authors: Nicholson A. D. , Sanders J. O. , Liu R. W. , Cooperman D. R.
Published: December 2015

The accurate assessment of skeletal maturity is essential in the management of orthopaedic conditions in the growing child. In order to identify the time of peak height velocity (PHV) in adolescents, two systems for assessing skeletal maturity have been described recently; the calcaneal apophyseal ossification method and the Sanders hand scores.

The purpose of this study was to compare these methods in assessing skeletal maturity relative to PHV. We studied the radiographs of a historical group of 94 healthy children (49 females and 45 males), who had been followed longitudinally between the ages of three and 18 years with serial radiographs and physical examination. Radiographs of the foot and hand were undertaken in these children at least annually between the ages of ten and 15 years. We reviewed 738 radiographs of the foot and 694 radiographs of the hand. PHV was calculated from measurements of height taken at the time of the radiographs.

Prior to PHV we observed four of six stages of calcaneal apophyseal ossification and two of eight Sanders stages. Calcaneal stage 3 and Sanders stage 2 was seen to occur about 0.9 years before PHV, while calcaneal stage 4 and Sanders stage 3 occurred approximately 0.5 years after PHV.

The stages of the calcaneal and Sanders systems can be used in combination, offering better assessment of skeletal maturity with respect to PHV than either system alone.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1710–17.
Errata/Corrigenda
Authors: Haddad F. S.
Published: December 2015

M-C. Lee, C-W. Ha, R. K. Elmallah, J. J. Cherian, J. J. Cho, T. W. Kim, S. I. Bin, and M. A. Mont.A placebo-controlled randomised trial to assess the effect of TGF-ß1-expressing chondrocytes in patients with arthritis of the knee.Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:924–932.
Community music therapy with asylum-seeking and refugee children in Norway
Authors: Enge Kaja Elise Aaslid
Published: December 2015

The article examines how community music therapy (CoMT) can be a support in the everyday life of asylum-seeking and refugee children living in a municipality in Norway. It presents the central aspects of CoMT, with emphasis on performative issues. Self-performance and performance of social systems are discussed in relation to three case examples. It is argued that these performative issues can contribute to fulfilling relevant needs in the lives of asylum-seeking and refugee children.
An evening on Mars, love on the moon: 1960s science fiction films from Bombay
Authors: Sawhney Rashmi
Published: December 2015

A number of low-budget science fiction (SF) films were made in Bombay in the 1960s that have entirely been glossed over in scholarly accounts of Indian film history, genre studies, or global accounts of non-western SF cinema. Symptomatic of the desires and anxieties of the space age, these films mobilized common science fictional tropes of UFOs, space travel, rockets, atomic energy, gigantic monsters, epic disaster, automatons, aliens, and so on, in an attempt to legitimize India’s claims to scientific and technological modernity. Inspired by the SF narratives and iconography of 1950s international films, these B-films constructed alternative circuits of stardom and creative labour, along with new imaginations of science, technology and ethics. Although prints of most of the films are unavailable, this article constructs a speculative account of the industrial economies and aesthetic characteristics of this peculiarly 1960s Bombay B genre through film scripts, song and publicity booklets, film stills, posters, media interviews and film reviews. The flash-in-the-pan appearance of the genre in the 1960s, much like a meteorite zapping past, is indicative of the tremendous risk and enterprise that characterizes 1960s Bombay cinema, and this article attempts to recover some of this, in its lowbrow forms.
Archeology of an experiment: The science-fiction cinema of Pramod Pati
Authors: Sharma Kamayani
Published: December 2015

The Films Division (FD) of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting went through a spurt of experimentation in the 1960s and 1970s that yielded a small but historically significant corpus of films with a unique vision. Pramod Pati was one of the most distinctive voices to have emerged among FD film-makers in this period. While his short films have traditionally been categorized as ‘experimental’ and ‘avant-garde’, in this article I argue that they are also examples of proto science-fiction cinema and provide a flickering glimpse of a newly budding outer space imaginary in 1960s India. In making a case for Pati’s films to be regarded as proto sci-fi, this article analyses three short films, Explorer (1968a), Claxplosion (1968b) and Trip (1970) with respect to their formal features, imagery and sound. Through the use of nonlinearity, special effects and electronic sound, the films both challenge and affirm the ambitions of a postcolonial nation caught between its past and future. This article suggests that these films are representative of a peculiar moment in the history of Indian experimental cinema when the deployment of science-fictional tropes signalled a transforming mediascape being mobilized by the state into constructing ‘modern’ publics.
Speculative urbanism and concrete fictions: The future as a resource
Authors: Srivastava Rahul , Echanove Matias
Published: December 2015

Urban practice has become increasingly speculative about the future. If there is a world where utopias are literally a commodity, bought and sold as little pieces of dreams, it is here. Full of futuristic and visionary images about the way the world and its buildings should look, buildings, neighbourhoods and entire regions seem afloat in space, free from the constraints of the lived world. They do seem to have a clear source, however, derived largely from fictional scenarios of the future of humanity. While apocalypse, paradise, utopia and dystopia are the moral anchors for several speculative fables, the city is evoked as double-edged – at once the pinnacle and tipping point of human choices. This article demonstrates how speculative fiction limits the idea of the urban future and with it restricts choices we make in the present. If fiction is another mode of activist expression, it is being sculpted and shaped in concrete and glass as well.
Give up the ship/your address has too many numbers now
Authors: Paul Pallavi , Rahal Sahej
Published: December 2015

This piece explores the proposition of going on a one way trip to Mars. Owing to Mars One a programme initiated by a Netherlands-based company, this is now a real possibility. Of the several applicants to the mission, some are from India. Through the application of one such candidate, the piece attempts to grasp the conceptual ramifications of this significant moment in the living history of this planet.
Herramientas de análisis para un mejor entendimiento de los nacionalismos y las naciones
Authors: Santiago Jose
Published: December 2015

Mi propósito con este escrito es profundizar en diversas herramientas de análisis que permiten a las ciencias sociales una comprensión más adecuada de los nacionalismos y las naciones. Para ello se retoman diversas propuestas de Alfonso Pérez-Agote, cuya obra ha devenido uno de los principales referentes de la ciencia social española en este campo. En primer lugar, se presenta el marco discursivo en el que las ciencias sociales han dado cuenta de las naciones y los nacionalismos. A continuación, tomo partido en algunos de los principales debates sobre estos objetos de estudio que han tenido lugar en las últimas décadas, sirviéndome para ello de las aportaciones de Pérez-Agote. El recorrido, que nos adentrará en cuestiones como la definición de la nación, las perspectivas fenomenológica y genética, los mecanismos de reproducción de la idea de nación y el concepto de fronteras, concluye con una aportación sobre la centralidad de los “objetos” en la conformación de comunidades nacionales.;
“¿De dónde eres realmente?” Apuntes sobre las ciencias sociales y la “crisis de la sociedad homogénea”
Authors: Rodríguez Maeso Silvia
Published: December 2015

Partiendo del trabajo de Alfonso Pérez-Agote sobre la formación y “crisis” del “presupuesto de la homogeneidad” de las sociedades occidentales modernas, este texto interroga los límites de las ciencias sociales y más concretamente de la sociología dominante para interpretar esta “crisis” y el cambio social al que está asociada. Más específicamente, cuestiona el lugar que la categoría raza ha tenido en la sociología, como una perspectiva analítica crucial a la hora problematizar las narrativas hegemónicas sobre la modernidad, la formación del Estado-Nación y la construcción de la idea de Europa. Se argumenta que la comprensión de las llamadas “crisis del multiculturalismo” o “crisis de la integración de la inmigración” en la actualidad, requiere otorgar centralidad a la renovación del contrato racial como la ingeniería política de la pertenencia a la europeidad.
Duelos felices, teorías ágiles
Authors: Gatti Gabriel
Published: December 2015

A partir de la revisión de los límites y los usos posibles de una categoría periférica en la obra de Alfonso Párez-Agote, la del duelo, el artículo hace un "elogio aplicado" de una forma de "hacer teoría investigando" (teoría caliente, teoría de alcance intermedio). El elogio aplicado, por mandato de coherencia, solo puede ser tal si estira los usos de la categoría en Pérez-Agote, si los lleva más allá. Así, además de proponer desindividualizar o socializar el concepto de duelo, el texto lanza una hipótesis sencilla: que el duelo puede ocupar existencias colectivas completas en el espacio y en el tiempo y que esas existencias colectivas son sociales, pero no sociales como cualquier otra.
IMITAR? DIFERENCIAR? CONTINUAR IGUAL? ESTRATÉGIAS DA ACADEMIA EDU´S PARA LIDAR COM A NOVA CONCORRENTE
Authors: Cárdenas Alfredo Ribeiro , Cancellier Éverton Luís Pellizzaro de Lorenzi , Feuerschütte Simone Ghisi
Published: December 2015

Eduardo é o proprietário de uma academia já estabelecida há anos na cidade e encontra-se em uma situação desconfortável diante da abertura de uma nova concorrente, praticamente em frente ao seu empreendimento. A nova academia promete oferecer diferenciais que o empreendimento de Eduardo não oferece – equipamentos mais modernos, horários mais atrativos e climatização. A mensalidade anunciada pela nova concorrente é praticamente equivalente à praticada na academia de Eduardo. Diante do cenário que está sendo criad
Understanding Ritual in Colonial Wabanakia
Authors: Bilodeau Christopher J.
Published: December 2015

Cet article avance l'idée que les Indiens wabénaqui du nord de la Nouvelle Angleterre et du sud du Québec conservèrent une interprétation globale de l'activité rituelle au cours de la période coloniale. Lors de la période de crise entre les années 1670 et 1700, époque où les missions wabénaquises prirent racine, les Indiens croyaient à l'importance des rites en tant qu'outils capables de lutter contre les problèmes auxquels ils se heurtaient, et ainsi embrassèrent-ils le baptěme, et ensuite la messe, en tant que rites fondamentaux des missions. Ils continuèrent cependant de concevoir la pratique rituelle catholique de la měme façon que la pratique rituelle wabénaqui, dans la mesure où ils interprétaient la messe ou tout rituel chrétien en général comme étant non exclusif, et non pas nécessairement lié à l'ordre moral et à la doctrine de foi que les Jésuites attachaient aux rites catholiques. Cette attitude leur permit de continuer à adopter d'autres rites, dans la mesure où ils les trouvaient efficaces et adaptés à leurs besoins. C'est ainsi qu'entre les années 1710 et 1720, pendant les périodes de tension et de guerre contre les Anglais de la Nouvelle Angleterre, un rituel particulièrement puissant fit son chemin en wabénaquia: la danse du calumet. Un grand nombre de wabénaquis soutenaient son adoption. Certains pensaient que ce rite pouvait remplacer le rituel catholique, qu'ils trouvaient désormais inutile, tandis que d'autres Indiens faisaient valoir que le rite pouvait se pratiquer de façon concomitante avec le catholicisme. Toutefois, au plan de la pratique rituelle, les wabénaquis considéraient le rituel catholique et ce nouveau rituel du calumet comme étant interchangeables. Rien n'empěchait donc les wabénaquises de s'approprier de nouvelles activités rituelles tant qu'ils pensaient que ces dernières pouvaient fonctionner en leur faveur.