bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization on Tribological Characteristics of Stir‐Casted AA7076/Nano Zirconium Dioxide/Boron Nitride Hybrid Composites by Taguchi Method
Authors: Ezhil S. Shenbaga , Shanmuganathan A. , Srinivas Ganganagunta , Ashokkumar K. , Althahban Sultan , Mousa S. , Qahtani Faez , Jazaa Yosef , Ashok Nagaraj
Published: July 2022

Aluminum alloys are currently used in a wide variety of industries, and strong aluminum alloys are required for the creation of new components. As a result, multiple scientists are experimenting with various compositions of hybrid aluminum metal matrix composites. The purpose of this experiment was to generate hybridization on aluminum alloy 7076 using stir‐casting and nano zirconium dioxide and BN reinforcements. Taguchi’s approach was used to optimize the stir‐casting process criteria in this investigation. The parameters employed in this investigation were agitation speed, agitation time, and temperature. The chosen constraints are the percentage of reinforcement (0–12%), the agitation speed, the agitation time, and the molten state temperature. We used a wear tester and a Vickers hardness tester to determine the wear and microhardness of the produced stir casting materials. By optimizing wear parameters, the least wear rate is determined.
Research on Information Retrieval Effectiveness of University Scientific Researchers Based on Mental Model
Authors: Zhang Yundi , Yiyang  , Yang Jinshan
Published: July 2022

The information retrieval behavior of scientific researchers is a behavior that is affected by multiple factors such as cognition, emotion, task, and user type and has its unique cognitive characteristics. In the context of scientific research, this paper conducts research on the information retrieval behavior of scientific researchers and analyzes the three levels of user mental model “user cognition, user behavior, and user emotion.” According to the mental model construction process, define the user segmentation of basic tasks, formulate recruitment plan, set interview scope, analyze data, construct mental model, product adjustment and gap analysis, export structure seven steps, construct the mental model of scientific research workers’ information retrieval, carry out research on the information retrieval efficiency of scientific researchers, describe the user portrait based on the mental model, and put forward strategies to improve the efficiency of user information retrieval.
Comparative Analysis of the Anesthesia Effect of Cisatracurium Besylate and Mivacurium Chloride Otolaryngology Surgery
Authors: Huang Shibin , Li Qi
Published: July 2022

Objective. The aim is to investigate and compare the anesthesia effect of cisatracurium besylate and mivacurium chloride otolaryngology surgery. Materials and Methods. 108 patients who underwent ENT surgery under general anesthesia in our hospital from November 2021 to March 2022 were recruited for retrospective analysis, in which patients in the experimental group A were anesthetized with cisatracurium besylate and patients in the experimental group B were anesthetized with mivacurium, and the anesthetic effects and recovery of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results. There was no significant difference in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and pulse oximetry levels between the two groups at the six time points of admission, anesthesia induction, intubation, end of operation, recovery of consciousness, and extubation (all

P
>
0.05

). The train of four stimulation values at end of operation, recovery of consciousness, and extubation were significantly higher than those of the experimental group A (all

P
>
0.05

). The recovery time of self-consciousness, extubation time, and eye-opening time of the experimental group B were significantly shorter than those of the experimental group A, and the occurrence of agitation was significantly less than that of the experimental group A (all

P
>
0.05

). The total incidence of adverse conditions in the experimental group B was significantly lower than that in the experimental group A (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Compared with cisatracurium besylate in otolaryngology surgery, mivacurium chloride anesthesia offers a promising route with respect to less impact on hemodynamics, faster postoperative recovery, absence of the accumulation of neuromuscular blockade, less adverse reactions, and higher safety.
Research on Fuzzy Decision-Making Method of Task Allocation for Ship Multiagent Collaborative Design
Authors: Li Jinghua , Wang Yiying , Yang Boxin , Zhou Qinghua , Yuan Feihui
Published: July 2022

Since task allocation is one of the core tasks of ship design, the choice of its allocation strategy is a key factor that affects whether the task and the design agent can be beneficially matched. Different from the traditional one-way assignment mode of assigning tasks to designers, in the task assignment strategy of modern ship collaborative design mode, designers’ ability and benefit ratio is getting higher and higher. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency and quality of task design, this paper proposes a multidesign agent-task allocation decision-making method. In this paper, the task attributes and designers’ attributes are introduced into the task allocation strategy model, and the fuzzy linguistic variable method is used to build the evaluation index matrix of the design agent, and the task timeliness function is established. Secondly, the multidesign agent-task benefit function is established and solved to obtain the best allocation strategy. Finally, through example verification and comparative analysis with the Round-Robin algorithm (RR) and the Weighted Round-Robin (WRR) algorithm, the validity, feasibility, and stability of the multidesign agent-task allocation decision-making method proposed in this paper are verified, and it is proved that the task allocation method takes the bilateral needs of the task and the design agent into account, solves the optimal allocation strategy of collaborative design tasks, and realizes the balanced allocation between the ship collaborative design task and the design agent.
Comparative Research on the Game Behavior of the Participants in the Traditional Supply Chain Finance and the Supply Chain Finance on the Blockchain
Authors: Luo Yong , Tang Yanhong
Published: July 2022

The authors took the financing warehouse in supply chain finance as an example, used the game between capital providers (banks and their entrusted logistics supervision enterprises) and capital demanders (core enterprises of supply chain, upstream suppliers, and downstream dealers) as the research object, and constructed the income matrices, respectively, and the Nash equilibrium of pure decision and mixed decision was calculated. The authors compared the game behavior of the participants in the traditional supply chain finance and the supply chain finance on the blockchain and the difference of the mixed decision Nash equilibrium whether blockchain rewards and punishment were added. When the rewards and punishment were added to encourage the transaction information placing in the blockchain, the Nash equilibrium point would be further away from the origin point, and the capital provider and the capital demander would choose to cooperate with greater probability. When the cost of the blockchain is gradually reduced, the two sides of the game choose to place the transaction information in the chain, which can improve the cooperation of the participants of the supply chain finance, and they can get more profit.
Digital Transformation Path for Manufacturing Enterprises Using Internet of Things and Data Encryption Technology
Authors: Lin Yu
Published: July 2022

Innovation in products or services is crucial for industrial manufacturing businesses in countries that prioritize exports. A plethora of advancements based on the internet of things (IoT) applications has been made possible by the falling prices of processing power, communication, and electrical components. Only a small number of industrial manufacturing enterprise-specific IoT applications have been effective yet. The present literature does not fully explain this scenario, which is very necessary for taking the advantage of IoT in manufacturing enterprises. In order to adapt to the change in digital market demand and enhance the market competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises, this paper aims to study the digital transformation path of manufacturing enterprises based on the internet of things (IoT) and data encryption technology. A digital transformation service system is built for manufacturing enterprises based on the IoT and data encryption technology to help manufacturing enterprises fully understand their own digital degree, provide effective suggestions for the digital transformation, and introduce the overall architecture and functional structure of the service system in detail. A distributed intelligent recommendation method is proposed that is based on personalized customization and recommends transformation schemes for businesses in order to better direct users’ product customization and decision-making and allow the users to accurately describe their own needs, improve customization efficiency, introduce intelligent recommendation methods, and strengthen the basis of collaborative filtering methods based on items. The simulation result demonstrates that the service system proposed in this study performed really well in terms of both accuracy and time consumption. It is anticipated that the suggested approach will successfully raise the digital maturity of manufacturing companies and will help them in increasing their ability to compete in the current market.
[Retracted] Evaluation of Hematological, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Profile in Cattle Infected with Brucellosis in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Riaz , Khan Iahtasham , Jamal Adil , Mohamed Bahaeldeen Babiker , Khan Ahrar
Published: July 2022

Brucellosis is a well‐known and harmful zoonotic disease that poses a severe threat to public health and wild and dairy animals. Due to a lack of monitoring and awareness, disease incidence has increased. Therefore, this study was conducted for the first time to ascertain the status of seroprevalence of brucellosis, hematological, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzymes in different breeds of cattle reared under tropical‐desert conditions in Pakistan. This study comprised 570 cattle of different breeds. We recorded some epidemiological traits, including age and gender. The blood samples were obtained from all the cattle, screened with RBPT, and then confirmed by ELISA and PCR. The results recorded an overall 11.75%, 10.7%, and 9.64% prevalence of brucellosis based on RBPT, ELISA, and PCR. We obtained nonsignificant results in different age and sex groups of cattle. The results showed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower values of erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin quantity, hematocrit, lymphocytes, and monocytes in infected cases. The results showed that the total leukocyte and neutrophil cells significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased. The lipid peroxidation parameters (MDA‐ and NO‐scavenging activity of erythrocyte) increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) in infected cattle, whereas significantly reduced antioxidant enzymes like SOD, RGSH, and CAT were. Similarly, significantly lower serum albumin levels and total serum proteins were recorded in infected cattle.
Deep Learning-Guided Simulated Annealing for Designing Vocational High Educational System
Authors: Jie Yuan
Published: July 2022

With the rapid development of web technology and the improvement of online purchasing products, the traditional classroom instructing model has been unable to bear the requirements of teachers and students. Aiming at the problems of instructing and correspondence, a deep learning-based educational control system supporting B/S structure is designed and implemented. The system adopts the software engineering model for adjustment, uses Java language as the main programming language of the system, uses SQL Server database to store various intelligences, and realizes online teaching and facing problems, data division, teaching direction and testing, and many other cosecants. Due to its structural features and limitations of algorithmic production, traditional fancy emotional literature models perform poorly in the classification of white-eye dimensional data. In order to improve the simulated annealing prediction of full-dimensional data, a modified brain emotion based on simulated annealing algorithm is proposed. By improving the network structure and using the feign annealing algorithm rules, the training process of conceiving scientific standards is proposed, its data fitting capacity and prediction ability are well refined. And the prediction accuracy of the model for high-dimensional data classification problems is improved. Some data adjustments commonly used for instructing performance of our proposed algorithm are excluded from the experiments.
Determination of Therapeutic and Safety Effects of Zygophyllum coccineum Extract in Induced Inflammation in Rats
Authors: Yosri Mohammed , Elaasser Mahmoud M. , Abdel-Aziz Marwa M. , Hassan Marwa M. , Alqhtani Abdulmohsen Hussen , Al-Gabri Naif , Ali Ahmed B. A. , Pokoo-Aikins A. , Amin Basma H.
Published: July 2022

Background. Z. coccineum is a facultative plant with many medicinal applications. This study examined the anti‐inflammatory activity of Zygophyllum coccineum (Z. coccineum) in an arthritis animal model. Materials and Methods. Seventy‐Six Wistar Albino rats of either sex randomly divided into six groups (12/each). The inflammation model was done using Complete Freund’s Adjuvant in albino rats. The anti‐inflammatory activities of the extract were estimated at different dose levels (15.6, 31, and 60 mg/kg) as well as upon using methotrexate (MTX) as a standard drug (0.3 mg/kg). Paw volume and arthritis index scores have been tested in all examined animals’ treatments. Histological examination of joints was also performed. Flow cytometric studies were done to isolated osteoclasts. Cytokines assay as well as biochemical testing was done in the examined samples. Results. In vitro studies reported an IC50 of 15.6 μg/ml for Z. coccineum extract in lipoxygenase inhibition assay (L.O.X.). Moreover, it could be noticed that isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐glucoside, tribuloside, and 7‐acetoxy‐4‐methyl coumarin were the most common compounds in Z. coccineum extract separated using L.C.–ESI‐TOF–M.S. (liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization ion‐trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry). Microscopic examinations of synovial tissue and hind limb muscles revealed the effect of different doses of Z. coccineum extract on restoring chondrocytes and muscles structures. Osteoclast size and apoptotic rate examinations revealed the protective effect of Z. coccineum extract on osteoclast. The results upon induction of animals and upon treatment using of MTX significantly increased apoptotic rate of osteoclast compared to control, while using of 15.6 μg/ml. for Z. coccineum extract lead to recover regular apoptotic rate demonstrating the protective effect of the extract. Z. coccineum extract regulated the secretion of proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines. Biochemical tests indicated the safety of Z. coccineum extract on kidney and liver functions. Conclusion. Z. coccineum extract has efficient and safe anti‐inflammatory potential in an induced rat model.
Prediction of Mechanical Strength by Using an Artificial Neural Network and Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Upreti Kamal , Verma Manvendra , Agrawal Meena , Garg Jatinder , Kaushik Rekha , Agrawal Chinmay , Singh Divakar , Narayanasamy Rajamani
Published: July 2022

Geopolymer concrete could be the best alternative to ordinary Portland cement concrete due to its higher performance in any severe condition. It reduces the carbon footprints to a very higher level. Machine learning methods are the future of the construction industry because it predicts the mechanical strengths of concrete mix design on the basis of their constituents without destructive test conduction. This study is aimed at developing the models to predict the mechanical strengths and validate them with the actual results. After the experimental investigation, we found the results of the mechanical (including compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural tensile) strength. The M2 mix of geopolymer concrete got the highest mechanical strengths whereas the M5 mix gets the lowest mechanical strengths among all the mix designs. The machine learning methods ANN (artificial neural network) and random forest are used to develop the models based on mixed experimental results. Mechanical strength results are taken as outputs, and mixed constituents are taken as inputs for training and testing. The performance of predicted results is checked based on R2, MAE (mean absolute error), RMSE (relative mean square error), RAE (relative absolute error), and RRSE (root‐relative square error). Random forest models show the best prediction to the ANN models because it shows the negligible error between actual and predicted values. The R2 value is 1 of 12 predicted results out of 15 by the use of random forest methods. So it is most suitable to predict the strength of geopolymer concrete based on their constituent’s material quantity.
Predicting Time-to-Failure of Red Sandstone by Temporal Precursor of Acoustic Emission Signals
Authors: Gao Ansen , Qi Chengzhi , Shan Renliang , Wang Chunlai
Published: July 2022

The evolution pattern of rock damage is a progressive failure process of rock materials. It is the basis for predicting failure time of rock materials. By theoretical and experimental analysis, the acoustic emission (AE) precursor characteristics of rock fracture and the gradual evolution pattern of rock damage were analyzed detailedly. Then, the time-to-failure of red sandstone was predicted and compared by several different methods. The results demonstrated that the failure process of red sandstone can be divided into the stable deformation stage and the critical acceleration failure stage. In the critical acceleration failure stage, the AE precursor of rock failure was easy to be observed, and the AE event rate occurred as jump-like increase phenomenon. Moreover, the gradual evolution pattern of rock damage obeyed an exponential function, and the damage acceleration phenomenon existed in the critical failure stage. Furthermore, the higher values of the average of rock damage was, the more obvious linear evolution pattern will be, which was beneficial to improve the prediction accuracy of time-to-failure of rocks. Clearly, the linear prediction results of rock failure time, after taking average values of five rock damage variables, had more higher accuracy when damage variable exceeded

D
=
0.5

. The predicting result of specimen R1 was 0.2 s ahead of its actual failure time, and the predicting result of specimen R6 was 8.1 s ahead of its actual failure time. Therefore, this method is meaningful and it can be used for the early warning of rockburst.
Analysis of University Education Management Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhu Hongmei
Published: July 2022

With the rapid development of information technology, the process of informatization of education management has been accelerated. In this context, more and more education management information systems have been used in education management, providing a lot of data support for education decision-making. In addition, the development of artificial intelligence has greatly changed the way people work and live. Intelligence has emerged in various fields, bringing great convenience to people, especially the university education management. This study will integrate artificial intelligence and university classroom teaching and apply it in the field of education management. In particular, the proposed intelligent education management system mainly includes three submodules: preclass attendance, in-class state monitoring, and after-class online learning. The main function of the preclass attendance module is that half an hour before the class starts, the camera captures students’ video information and sends it back to the convolutional neural network (CNN) model for face recognition processing. In class, the state detection module is mainly based on face recognition to judge the state of students. The after-class module analyzes the evaluation information of students’ online learning to provide a teaching reference for the school. The system proposed in this study can improve the quality of students’ classroom learning and teachers’ monitoring of the quality of students’ classroom.
Overview of Several Typical Ceramic Materials for Restorative Dentistry
Authors: Shi Hao Yu , Pang Runxuan , Yang Jing , Fan Di , Cai HongXin , Jiang Heng Bo , Han Jianmin , Lee Eui-Seok , Sun Yunhan
Published: July 2022

With the development of ceramic technology, prosthodontic ceramics are becoming a useful option for improving esthetic outcomes in dentistry. In this paper, various ceramic materials were reviewed and evaluated, and their advantages and disadvantages and indications in oral prosthodontics were analyzed objectively. The properties of resin‐based ceramics, polycrystalline ceramics, and silicate ceramics were compared and analyzed. Resin‐based ceramics may replace other ceramic materials in the CAD/CAM field.
Reverse Cyclic Loading Effect on RCC Wall‐Floor Slab‐Deep Beam Connection
Authors: Balasubramanian K. , Jaya K. P.
Published: July 2022

High‐rise structures are more vulnerable when subjected to lateral loading. Generally, the shear walls function as the main lateral load resistant system in high‐rise structures. In the case of high‐rise structures with an open ground story, the shear wall‐floor slab‐deep beam acts together as a rigid jointed frame connection to withstand gravity and lateral force induced by external loadings like earthquakes and wind. The wall‐floor slab‐deep beam connection will be subjected to a higher concentration of stresses, which is a more vulnerable area in any high‐rise structure. Hence, it is necessary to design this connection with more ductility. This article presents the experimental investigations carried out to study the behavior of three different reinforcement detailing in RCC wall‐floor slab‐deep beam connections, such as (1) 90° bend up bars connection as per Indian Standard Code (Conventional connection), (2) U‐hooks connecting the core region as per Euro code 2, and (3) proposed U‐hooks with additional reinforcement in the core region transverse to the beam orientation. The additional reinforcement is provided at a distance of 50 mm from the face of the shear wall. The parameters considered for this study are load‐carrying capacity, energy dissipation, ductility, and stiffness. The results were then compared with that of the conventional connection. It was found that the proposed U‐hook with additional reinforcement performed better than that of the conventional connection and type 2 connection.
Detecting the Risk of Customer Churn in Telecom Sector: A Comparative Study
Authors: Edwine Nabahirwa , Wang Wenjuan , Song Wei , Ssebuggwawo Denis
Published: July 2022

Churn rate describes the rate at which customers abandon a product or service. Identifying churn-risk customers is essential for telecom sectors to retain old customers and maintain a higher competitive advantage. The purpose of this paper is to explore an effective method for detecting the risk of customer churn in telecom sectors through comparing the advanced machine learning methods and their optimization algorithms. Based on two different telecom datasets, Mutual Information classifier was firstly utilized to select the most critical features relevant to customer churn. Next, the controlled-ratio undersampling strategy was employed to balance both minority and majority classes. Key hyperparameter optimization algorithms of Grid Search, Random Search, and Genetic Algorithms were then combined to fit the three promising machine learning models-Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, and K-nearest neighbors into the customer churn prediction problem. Six evaluation metrics-Accuracy, Recall, Precision, AUC, F1-score and Mean Absolute Error, were last used to evaluate the performance of the proposed models. The experimental results have revealed that the RF algorithm optimized by Grid Search based on a low-ratio undersampling strategy (RF-GS-LR) outperformed other models in extracting hidden information and understanding future churning behaviors of customers on both datasets, with the maximum accuracy of 99% and 95% on the applied dataset 1-2 respectively.
Clinical Pharmacist Intervention on Drug‐Related Problems among Elderly Patients Admitted to Medical Wards of Northwest Ethiopia Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals: A Multicenter Prospective, Observational Study
Authors: Dagnew Samuel Berihun , Binega Mekonnen Gashaw , Gebeye Zeleke Ejigu , Agegnew Wondm Samuel , Yimer Tadesse Tesfaye
Published: July 2022

Background: Drug therapy in the elderly needs an emphasis on age‐related changes in drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics profile. Hospitalized elderly patients are at risk of more than one disease and polypharmacy associated with these; they are at risk of drug‐related problems. This study aimed to assess the role of clinical pharmacy on identifying and resolution of drug‐related problems among elderly patients admitted to medical ward of Northwest Ethiopia comprehensive specialized hospitals. Methods: A multicenter prospective observational study was conducted. A systematic sampling technique was used. The identified drug‐related problem was recorded and classified using Cipolle, and adverse drug reaction was assessed using Naranjo algorithm of adverse drug reaction probability scale, and Medscape was used for drug‐drug interaction. Data were analyzed by using STATA software version 14.1. Logistic regression was used, and results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence intervals with P value < 0.05 statistically significant. Result: A total of 389 study participants were included in the study. About 266 (68.4%) of the participants had at least a single drug‐related problem. About 503 drug‐related problems were identified with a mean of 1.32 (CI: 1.27‐1.36) drug‐related problem per patient. The three‐leading categories of drug‐related problems were dose too high 108 (21.5%), nonadherence 105 (20.9%), and adverse drug reaction 96 (19.1%). Alcohol use (AOR = 2.2, 95CI%: 1.23‐3.94), source of the drug (AOR = 2.85, 95CI%: 1.63‐4.98), length of hospitalization (AOR = 2.32, 95CI%: 1.37‐3.95), number of comorbidities (AOR = 1.48, 95CI%: 1.09‐1.99), and polypharmacy (AOR = 3.06, 95CI%: 1.72‐5.46) were important risk factors for drug‐related problems. From the intervention provided, 84.7% were accepted by prescribers. Among the total drug‐related problems 67.4% of the problem was totally solved. Conclusion: This study revealed that DRPs were high among elderly patients admitted to medical ward of Northwest Ethiopia. Comorbidity, length of hospitalization, ploy‐pharmacy, payer, and alcohol drinker were more likely to developed drug‐related problems. Treatment optimizations were also done by clinical pharmacists and interventions were well accepted by prescribers.
Machine Learning-Based Modelling and Predictive Maintenance of Turning Operation under Cooling/Lubrication for Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Appadurai Jothi Prabha , Perumal Varatharaju , Kavita K. , Ch Anil Kumar T. , Prasad DVSSSV , Azhagu Jaisudhan Pazhani A. , Umamaheswari K.
Published: July 2022

Cutting force is one of the significant parameters in the metal cutting process. The metal cutting process is the primary in the production and manufacturing industry to produce high-quality products. Every production and manufacturing needs to develop a technology, i.e., a cooling or lubrication system at the cutting zone while doing the metal cutting process. This current work focuses on developing the machine learning algorithm by using three different types of regression processes, namely, polynomial regression process (PR), support vector regression (SVR), and gaussian process regression (GPR). These three processes are developed to predict the machine learning force, cutting power, and cutting pressure by controlling primary factors (cutting speed, depth of cut, and feed rate). The cooling or lubrication process also affects the machining process. We need to maintain the minimum qualifications to perform under minimum quality lubrication (MQL) and high-pressure coolant (HPC). The ANN algorithm was used to run different parameters, and these parameters are optimized for cutting force.
Effect of Mean Grain Size on the Small‐Strain Dynamic Properties of Calcareous Sand
Authors: Wen Liwei
Published: July 2022

Calcareous sand was selected as the prior material for island reclamation in many coastal regions. The mechanical properties of the granular materials are greatly affected by their grain size distribution conditions. The shear modulus and damping ratio are two important parameters for earthquake ground response analysis and liquefaction evaluation. A series of resonant column tests had been performed on calcareous sands with varying median grain diameter and uniform coefficient. The dependence of the shear modulus and damping ratio of the calcareous sand on grain size has been confirmed in this examination. The test results reveal that the shear modulus decreases with a rise in shear strain for calcareous sand samples at a given confining pressure and relative density. The maximum shear modulus tends to increase with confining pressure and relative density. On the maximum shear modulus and void ratio plane, the trend lines of the measured results shift toward up and right position with a rise in grain diameter. The measured results indicate that the influence of uniform coefficient on the maximum shear modulus is neglectable. A revised empirical equation based on the Hardin model had been proposed considering the influence of grain diameter to estimate the maximum shear modulus of calcareous sand. The predicted values show satisfactory agreement with the measured results. The results manifest that the effect of grading condition on small‐strain dynamic properties of calcareous sands cannot be neglected for the evaluation of seismic safety for reclamation engineering sites.
Sclero-Hyalinized Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm Clinically Mimicking an Ovarian Mass
Authors: Onyishi Nnaemeka Thaddeus , Edeh Anthony Jude , Dim Ngozi Regina
Published: July 2022

Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm is a tumor of the appendix whose major clinical relevance derives from its inherent potential for peritoneal dissemination as pseudomyxoma peritonei. It sometimes poses challenges in clinical, radiological, and pathological diagnosis, and it may be confused with gynecological conditions in females. We report a case of low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm presenting as firm sclerotic cystic mass and was initially suspected to be an ovarian mass in a postmenopausal woman. We review the literature for the pathogenesis and clinical implication of sclerohyalinization in mucinous appendiceal tumors.
Investigation on Dye Regeneration Kinetics at P‐Type Sensitized Nanoparticle Nickel Oxide Film by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Authors: Anshebo Getachew Alemu , Gebreyohanes Ataklti Abraha
Published: July 2022

The efficiency of a NiO‐sensitized solar cell is determined by the kinetics of hole injection and dye regeneration reactions at the NiO/dye/electrolyte interface. In this research, the photochemical regeneration kinetics of dye adsorbed on the NiO film was investigated by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Besides, organic C343 and P1 sensitizers in combination with iodide‐based, cobalt‐based, and thiolate‐based electrolytes were selected to understand the effect of sensitizers and redox shuttles on the dye regeneration process. As a result, a fast regeneration kinetic rate constant was conformed in the thiolate‐based sample compared with cobalt‐based and iodide‐based, demonstrating that the organic redox shuttle was an efficient mediator to optimize the performance of p‐type DSSC. Furthermore, the regeneration rate constants (keff), reduction rate constants (kred), and absorption cross section (Фhv) were investigated for organic dyes and electrolytes. That is, an effective dye regeneration rate constant kred of 6.95 × 105 mol-1cm3s-1 for NiO/P1 and kred of 3.75 × 105 mol-1cm3s-1 for NiO/C343 was found at various wavelengths. Therefore, the experimental results demonstrate that regeneration kinetics are dependent on the type of electrolyte and dye used. Moreover, the results suggest that scanning electrochemical microscopy is a powerful method for screening efficient dyes and electrolytes for charge transfer reactions in P‐type dye‐sensitized solar cells.
[Retracted] Principal Component and Path Analysis for Trait Selection Based on the Assessment of Diverse Lentil Populations Developed by Gamma‐Irradiated Physical Mutation
Authors: Debnath Sandip , Sarkar Abhik , Perveen Kahkashan , Bukhari Najat A. , Kesari Kavindra Kumar , Verma Amit , Chakraborty Nihar Ranjan , Tesema Mulugeta
Published: July 2022

Lentil is a notable legume crop valued for its high protein, vitamin, mineral, and amino acid (lysine and tryptophan) content. This crop has a narrow genetic base due to the formation of gene pool barriers during interspecific hybridization within and across species. Mutagenesis may be seen as a novel and alternative breeding technique for the production of new diversity. For the identification of new alleles, the creation of mutants followed by selection in subsequent generations would be necessary. Induction of mutation in lentil cv. Moitree by gamma rays therefore produced high variation for the majority of quantitative measures examined. Henceforth, principal component analysis (PCA) and path coefficient analysis were conducted to identify and exclude redundant mutant genotypes with similar traits as the success of breeding is dependent on understanding the relationship between morpho‐agronomic traits and seed yield. As shown by the findings of this research, the total quantity of pods per mutant plant should be given considerable priority. The identified mutant genotypes, such as lines 24, 43, 28, 33, and 10, may be used as parents in future breeding or released directly following trials.
Effect of Compound Danshen Injection Combined with Magnesium Sulfate on Oxidative Stress, TNF-α, NO, and Therapeutic Efficacy in Severe Preeclampsia
Authors: Zhou Yanling , Wang Juan , Wang Lei , Tang Jing , Zhang Chengwei
Published: July 2022

Aims. This study is designed to explore the effect of compound Danshen injection combined with magnesium sulfate on TNF-α, NO, oxidative stress, and therapeutic efficacy in severe preeclampsia (S-PE). Methods. Sixty S-PE patients were placed into the control group and the therapy group, randomly. The control group was under the treatment of magnesium sulfate, and the therapy group was under the treatment of compound Danshen injection with magnesium sulfate. After treatment, the therapeutic efficacy of the two groups was comparatively analyzed. Results. 7 days after treatment, DBP, SBP, and 24 h urinary protein were sharply lower than those before treatment. The 24 h urinary protein was notably lower in the therapy group. After treatment, the expression level of TNF-α in both groups was notably higher than before treatment, while NO level was higher than that before treatment. Furthermore, D-D level in two groups was dramatically decreased compared to that before treatment. Moreover, Fib, PT, and APTT in two groups showed statistically significant differences after 7 days. The contents of ALT, AST, BUN, and Scr in therapy group were notably lower than those in control group. Conclusion. Our results indicated that compound Danshen injection could improve renal function, blood hypercoagulability, and oxidative stress level and had a better therapeutic effect on S-PE.
A Genome-Wide Screen Identifies PDPK1 as a Target to Enhance the Efficacy of MEK1/2 Inhibitors in NRAS Mutant Melanoma
Authors: Cai Weijia , Nguyen Mai Q. , Wilski Nicole A. , Purwin Timothy J. , Vernon Mégane , Tiago Manoela , Aplin Andrew E.
Published: July 2022

Melanomas frequently harbor activating NRAS mutations. However, limited advance has been made in developing targeted therapy options for patients with NRAS mutant melanoma. MEK inhibitors (MEKi) show modest efficacy in the clinic and their actions need to be optimized. In this study, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9–based screen and demonstrated that loss of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDPK1) enhances the efficacy of MEKi. The synergistic effects of PDPK1 loss and MEKi was validated in NRAS mutant melanoma cell lines using pharmacologic and molecular approaches. Combined PDPK1 inhibitors (PDPK1i) with MEKi suppressed NRAS mutant xenograft growth and induced gasdermin E–associated pyroptosis. In an immune-competent allograft model, PDPK1i+MEKi increased the ratio of intratumoral CD8+ T cells, delayed tumor growth, and prolonged survival; the combination treatment was less effective against tumors in immune-deficient mice. These data suggest PDPK1i+MEKi as an efficient immunostimulatory strategy against NRAS mutant melanoma.

Significance:

Targeting PDPK1 stimulates antitumor immunity and sensitizes NRAS mutant melanoma to MEK inhibition, providing rationale for the clinical development of a combinatorial approach for treating patients with melanoma.
Proteomic Mapping and Targeting of Mitotic Pericentriolar Material in Tumors Bearing Centrosome Amplification
Authors: Xie Bingteng , Pu Yang , Yang Fan , Chen Wei , Yue Wei , Ma Jihong , Zhang Na , Jiang Yuening , Wu Jiegen , Lin Yihan , Liang Xin , Wang Chu , Zou Peng , Li Mo
Published: July 2022

Recent work has made it clear that pericentriolar material (PCM), the matrix of proteins surrounding centrioles, contributes to most functions of centrosomes. Given the occurrence of centrosome amplification in most solid tumors and the unconventional survival of these tumor cells, it is tempting to hypothesize that gel-like mitotic PCM would cluster extra centrosomes to defend against mitotic errors and increase tumor cell survival. However, because PCM lacks an encompassing membrane, is highly dynamic, and is physically connected to centrioles, few methods can decode the components of this microscale matrix. In this study, we took advantage of differential labeling between two sets of APEX2-centrosome reactions to design a strategy for acquiring the PCM proteome in living undisturbed cells without synchronization treatment, which identified 392 PCM proteins. Localization of ubiquitination promotion proteins away from PCM was a predominant mechanism to maintain the large size of PCM for centrosome clustering during mitosis in cancer cells. Depletion of PCM gene kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) caused centrosome clustering failure and apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our study suggests a strategy for targeting a wide range of tumors exhibiting centrosome amplification and provides a proteomic resource for future mining of PCM proteins.

Significance:

This study identifies the proteome of pericentriolar material and reveals therapeutic vulnerabilities in tumors bearing centrosome amplification.
Lenalidomide plus R-GDP (R2-GDP) in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Final Results of the R2-GDP-GOTEL Trial and Immune Biomarker Subanalysis
Authors: Palazón-Carrión Natalia , Martín García-Sancho Alejandro , Nogales-Fernández Esteban , Jiménez-Cortegana Carlos , Carnicero-González Fernando , Ríos-Herranz Eduardo , de la Cruz-Vicente Fátima , Rodríguez-García Guillermo , Fernández-Álvarez Rubén , Martínez-Banaclocha Natividad , Gumà-Padrò Josep , Gómez-Codina José , Salar-Silvestre Antonio , Rodríguez-Abreu Delvys , Gálvez-Carvajal Laura , Labrador Jorge , Guirado-Risueño María , García-Domínguez Daniel J. , Hontecillas-Prieto Lourdes , Espejo-García Pablo , Fernández-Román Isabel , Provencio-Pulla Mariano , Sánchez-Beato Margarita , Navarro Marta , Marylene Lejeune , Álvaro-Naranjo Tomás , Casanova-Espinosa Maria , Sánchez-Margalet Victor , Rueda-Domínguez Antonio , de la Cruz-Merino Luis
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

New therapeutic options are needed in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL). Lenalidomide-based schedules can reverse rituximab refractoriness in lymphoma.

Patients and Methods:

In the phase II R2-GDP trial, 78 patients unsuitable for autologous stem cell transplant received treatment with the following schedule: lenalidomide 10 mg Days (D)1–14, rituximab 375 mg/m2 D1, cisplatin 60 mg/m2 D1, gemcitabine 750 mg/m2 D1 and D8, and dexamethasone 20 mg D1–3, up to 6 cycles (induction phase), followed by lenalidomide 10 mg (or last lenalidomide dose received) D1–21 every 28 days (maintenance phase). Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), safety, and monitorization of key circulating immune biomarkers (EU Clinical Trials Register number: EudraCT 2014-001620-29).

Results:

After a median follow-up of 37 months, ORR was 60.2% [37.1% complete responses (CR) and 23.1% partial responses (PR)]. Median OS was 12 months (47 vs. 6 months in CR vs. no CR); median PFS was 9 months (34 vs. 5 months in CR vs. no CR). In the primary refractory population, ORR was 45.5% (21.2% CR and 24.3% PR). Most common grade 3–4 adverse events were thrombocytopenia (60.2%), neutropenia (60.2%), anemia (26.9%), infections (15.3%), and febrile neutropenia (14.1%). Complete responses were associated with a sharp decrease in circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells.

Conclusions:

R2-GDP schedule is feasible and highly active in R/R DLBCL, including the primary refractory population. Immune biomarkers showed differences in responders versus progressors.
Impaired Chromatin Remodeling Predicts Better Survival to Modified Gemcitabine and S-1 plus Nivolumab in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: A Phase II T1219 Study
Authors: Chiang Nai-Jung , Tan Kien Thiam , Bai Li-Yuan , Hsiao Chin-Fu , Huang Chung-Yu , Hung Yi-Ping , Huang Chien-Jui , Chen San-Chi , Shan Yan-Shen , Chao Yee , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Lee I-Cheng , Lee Pei-Chang , Su Yung-Yeh , Chen Shu-Jen , Yeh Chun-Nan , Chen Li-Tzong , Chen Ming-Huang
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

Modified gemcitabine and S-1 (GS) is an active regimen for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (ABTC) in our previous study. Herein, we report the results of a single-arm phase II of nivolumab plus modified GS (NGS) as first-line treatment in ABTC.

Patients and Methods:

Patients received nivolumab 240 mg and 800 mg/m2 gemcitabine on day 1 plus daily 80/100/120 mg of S-1 (based on body surface area) on days 1 to 10, in a 2-week cycle. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). The correlation between therapeutic efficacy and genetic alterations with signatures identified by targeted next-generation sequencing panels was explored.

Results:

Between December 2019 and December 2020, 48 eligible patients were enrolled. After a median of 17.6 months of follow-up, the ORR was 45.9% [95% confidence interval (CI), 31.4%–60.8%]. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 9.1 (95% CI, 5.8–9.6) and 19.2 (95% CI, 11.6–not reached) months, respectively. All grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events (AE) were less than 10%, except fatigue (14.6%) and skin rash (10.4%). Eighteen patients (35.4%) experienced immune-related AEs without treatment-related death. High tumor mutational burden (TMB-H; top 20%; ≥7.1 mut/Mb) only predicted prolonged median PFS but not OS. Up to 28.9% of patients who harbored loss-of-function mutations in chromatin remodeling genes demonstrated significantly longer median PFS and OS than those without alterations.

Conclusions:

NGS is a safe and promising regimen in ABTC. Impaired functions of chromatin remodeling genes may be a potential surrogate biomarker with predictive value in this study.
Incident Cancer Risk and Signatures Among Older MUTYH Carriers: Analysis of Population-Based and Genomic Cohorts
Authors: Downie Jonathan M. , Riaz Moeen , Xie Jing , Lee Minyi , Chan Andrew T. , Gibbs Peter , Orchard Suzanne G. , Mahady Suzanne E. , Sebra Robert P. , Murray Anne M. , Macrae Finlay , Schadt Eric , Woods Robyn L. , McNeil John J. , Lacaze Paul , Gala Manish
Published: July 2022

MUTYH carriers have an increased colorectal cancer risk in case–control studies, with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) as the presumed mechanism. We evaluated cancer risk among carriers in a prospective, population-based cohort of older adults. In addition, we assessed if cancers from carriers demonstrated mutational signatures (G:C>T:A transversions) associated with early LOH. We calculated incident risk of cancer and colorectal cancer among 13,131 sequenced study participants of the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly cohort, stratified by sex and adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol use, BMI, polyp history, history of cancer, and aspirin use. MUTYH carriers were identified among 13,033 participants in The Cancer Genome Atlas and International Cancer Genome Consortium, and somatic signatures of cancers were analyzed. Male MUTYH carriers demonstrated an increased risk for overall cancer incidence [multivariable HR, 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–2.68; P = 0.038] driven by increased colorectal cancer incidence (multivariable HR, 3.55; 95% CI, 1.42–8.78; P = 0.007), as opposed to extracolonic cancer incidence (multivariable HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 0.81–2.44; P = 0.229). Female carriers did not demonstrate increased risk of cancer, colorectal cancer, or extracolonic cancers. Analysis of mutation signatures from cancers of MUTYH carriers revealed no significant contribution toward early mutagenesis from widespread G:C>T:A transversions among gastrointestinal epithelial cancers. Among cancers from carriers, somatic transversions associated with base-excision repair deficiency are uncommon, suggestive of diverse mechanisms of carcinogenesis in carriers compared with those who inherit biallelic MUTYH mutations.

Prevention Relevance:

Despite absence of loss of heterozygosity in colorectal cancers, elderly male MUTYH carriers appeared to be at increased of colorectal cancer.