bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser patient with leiomyoma and dysplasia of neovagina: a case report
Authors: Jokimaa Varpu , Virtanen Johanna , Kujari Harry , Ala-Nissilä Seija , Rantanen Virpi
Published: July 2020

Background

Most patients with congenital uterus and vaginal aplasia (i.e., Mayer–Rokitansky–Kuster–Hauser [MRKH] syndrome) have rudimentary pelvic uterine structures that contain smooth muscle. Although leiomyomas and dysplasia of vaginal mucosa are relatively common in the general population, they are rare in MRKH patients. Data on the vulnerability of neovaginas to HPV-associated dysplasia are limited.

Case presentation

A rare case of an MRKH patient with two gynaecological conditions detected during long-term gynaecological follow-up is presented. At the age of 21, the patient was treated for HPV-associated neovaginal dysplasia. At the age of 47, a pelvic leiomyoma was detected with transvaginal ultrasound and confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging.

Conclusion

A Pap smear or human papillomavirus testing is indicated in sexually active MRKH women. Uterine rudiments contain smooth muscle, which facilitates the development of oestrogen-dependent diseases, such as leiomyomas and adenomyosis. Although magnetic resonance imaging is recommended in cases of a pelvic mass, easily attainable and cost-efficient transvaginal ultrasound offers high diagnostic accuracy in patients with a surgically created neovagina and is suitable for the patients’ follow-up. Guidelines for the gynaecological follow-up of MRKH patients are warranted.
The “secret sauce” for a mentored training program: qualitative perspectives of trainees in implementation research for cancer control
Authors: Jacob Rebekah R. , Gacad Angeline , Pfund Christine , Padek Margaret , Chambers David A. , Kerner Jon F. , Sales Anne , Dobbins Maureen , Kumanyika Shiriki , Brownson Ross C.
Published: July 2020

Background

Mentored training approaches help build capacity for research through mentoring networks and skill building activities. Capacity for dissemination and implementation (D&I) research in cancer is needed and mentored training programs have been developed. Evaluation of mentored training programs through quantitative approaches often provides us with information on “what” improved for participants. Qualitative approaches provide a deeper understanding of “how” programs work best.

Methods

Qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 fellows of the National Cancer Institute-funded Mentored Training for Dissemination and Implementation in Cancer to gain understanding of their experiences with mentoring received during the program. Fellows were selected from all 55 trained participants based upon their gain in D&I research skills (highest and lowest) and number of collaborative connections in the program network (highest and lowest) reported in previous quantitative surveys. Phone interviews were recorded with permission, transcribed verbatim, and de-identified for analysis. Codes were developed a priori to reflect interview guide concepts followed by further development and iterative coding of three common themes that emerged: 1) program and mentoring structure, 2) importance of mentor attributes, and 3) enhanced capacity: credentials, confidence, credibility and connections.

Results

Interviews provided valuable information about program components that worked best and impacts attributed to participation in the program. Fellows reported that regular monthly check-in calls with mentors helped to keep their research moving forward and that group mentoring structures aided in their learning of basic D&I research concepts and their application. Accessible, responsive, and knowledgeable mentors were commonly mentioned by fellows as a key to their success in the program. Fellows mentioned various forms of impact that they attributed to their participation in the program including gaining credibility in the field, a network of peers and experts, and career developments (e.g., collaborative publications and grant funding).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that mentored training works best when mentoring is structured and coupled with applied learning and when respected and dedicated mentors are on board. Increased scientific collaborations and credibility within a recognized network are important trainee experiences that should be considered when designing, implementing, and sustaining mentored training programs.
Characteristics of internal medicine residents who successfully match into cardiology fellowships
Authors: Cullen Michael W. , Klarich Kyle W. , Oxentenko Amy S. , Halvorsen Andrew J. , Beckman Thomas J.
Published: July 2020

Background

The unique traits of residents who matriculate into subspecialty fellowships are poorly understood. We sought to identify characteristics of internal medicine (IM) residents who match into cardiovascular (CV) fellowships.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 8 classes of IM residents who matriculated into residency from 2007 to 2014. The primary outcome was successful match to a CV fellowship within 1 year of completing IM residency. Independent variables included residents’ licensing exam scores, research publications, medical school reputation, Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) membership, declaration of intent to pursue CV in the residency application personal statement, clinical evaluation scores, mini-clinical evaluation exercise scores, in-training examination (ITE) performance, and exposure to CV during residency.

Results

Of the 339 included residents (59% male; mean age 27) from 120 medical schools, 73 (22%) matched to CV fellowship. At the time of residency application, 104 (31%) had ≥1 publication, 38 (11%) declared intention to pursue CV in their residency application personal statement, and 104 (31%) were members of AOA. Prior to fellowship application, 111 (33%) completed a CV elective rotation. At the completion of residency training, 108 (32%) had ≥3 publications. In an adjusted logistic regression analysis, declaration of intention to pursue CV (OR 6.4, 99% CI 1.7–23.4; p < 0.001), completion of a CV elective (OR 7.3, 99% CI 2.8–19.0; p < 0.001), score on the CV portion of the PGY-2 ITE (OR 1.05, 99% CI 1.02–1.08; p < 0.001), and publication of ≥3 manuscripts (OR 4.7, 99% CI 1.1–20.5; p = 0.007) were positively associated with matching to a CV fellowship. Overall PGY-2 ITE score was negatively associated (OR 0.93, 99% CI 0.90–0.97; p < 0.001) with matching to a CV fellowship.

Conclusions

Residents’ matriculation into CV fellowships was associated with declaration of CV career intent, completion of a CV elective rotation, CV medical knowledge, and research publications during residency. These findings may be useful when advising residents about pursuing careers in CV. They may also help residents understand factors associated with a successful match to a CV fellowship. The negative association between matching into CV fellowship and overall ITE score may indicate excessive subspecialty focus during IM residency.
Long non-coding RNA CTBP1-AS2 enhances cervical cancer progression via up-regulation of ZNF217 through sponging miR-3163
Authors: Yang Shanshan , Shi Feng , Du Yuting , Wang Zhao , Feng Yue , Song Jiayu , Liu Yunduo , Xiao Min
Published: July 2020

Background

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play significant roles in tumorigenesis and can contribute to identification of novel therapeutic targets for cancers. This paper was aimed at exploring the role of CTBP1 divergent transcript (CTBP1-AS2) in cervical cancer (CC) progression.

Methods

qRT-PCR and western blot assays were used to detect relevant RNA and protein expressions. In vitro functional assays, including CCK8, EdU, TUNEL and transwell assays were applied to explore the functions of CTBP1-AS2 in CC cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. In vivo animal study was utilized to investigate the role of CTBP1-AS2 in tumor growth. Luciferase reporter, RNA pull down and RIP assays were performed to determine the specific mechanical relationship between CTBP1-AS2, miR-3163 and ZNF217.

Results

CTBP1-AS2 was significantly overexpressed in CC cell lines. Knockdown of CTBP1-AS2 curbed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while stimulated cell apoptosis in vitro. CTBP1-AS2 facilitated xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Cytoplasmic CTBP1-AS2 was found to be a miR-3163 sponge in CC cells. MiR-3163 inhibition abolished the anti-tumor effects of CTBP1-AS2 knockdown. Additionally, Zinc finger protein 217 (ZNF217) was identified as a direct target of miR-3163. CTBP1-AS2 acted as a miR-3163 sponge to elevate ZNF217 expression. ZNF217 up-regulation abrogated the tumor suppressing effects of CTBP1-AS2 knockdown.

Conclusion

CTBP1-AS2 regulates CC progression via sponging miR-3163 to up-regulate ZNF217.
Long noncoding RNA MIAT promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression by sponging miR-149-5p and regulating FOXM1 expression
Authors: Zhou Zhi , Zhang Shan , Xiong Yaqiong
Published: July 2020

Background

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs of longer than 200 bp that play crucial roles in cancer biology. Here, we assessed the tumorigenic properties of a long noncoding RNA, MIAT, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

Survival and clinicopathological analyses were done in a cohort of 80 patients with NSCLC. MIAT expression level were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). Dual luciferase reporter assays were employed to test the interaction between MIAT and miR-149-5p. Ectopic overexpression and shRNA-mediated knockdown of MIAT, CCK-8 and colony formation assays, Transwell migration and invasion in vitro, and in vivo tumorigenesis experiment were used to evaluate the function of MIAT.

Results

MIAT was significantly up-regulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and was closely associated with advanced pathological stage and poor overall survival. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments in cell lines and mouse xenograft models showed that MIAT promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro and accelerated tumor growth in vivo. Luciferase assay, western blotting, qRT-PCR, and rescue experiments showed that, mechanistically, MIAT could directly bind to miR-149-5p, and subsequently served as a sponge to increase the expression level of Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1).

Conclusions

Our study reveals that MIAT acts as an oncogene in NSCLC via a novel MIAT/miR-149/FOXM1 axis, thus providing potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the management of NSCLC.
USP18 directly regulates Snail1 protein through ubiquitination pathway in colorectal cancer
Authors: Huang Fakun , Zheng Chengying , Huang Longkai , Lin Changqing , Wang Jiaxing
Published: July 2020

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common digestive malignant tumors in the world. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 (USP18) plays a regulatory role in tumorigenesis, and abnormal expression of Snail1 is also believed to be related to tumorigenesis. However, whether USP18 could affect colorectal cancer through Snail1 remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the role of USP18 in colorectal cancer.

Methods

USP18 protein and mRNA abundance in clinical tissues and five cell lines were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. USP18 overexpression-treated DLD1 cells and USP18 knockdown-treated SW480 cells were used to study cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) biomarkers. Moreover, ubiquitination-related Snail1 degradation was detected with qRT-PCR and western blot. The relationships between USP18 and Snail1 were investigated with western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, migration, and invasion.

Results

USP18 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues. Overexpression of USP18 could promote proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Overexpression of USP18 effectively promoted cell survival after treatment with three different chemotherapy drugs. Moreover, USP18 could regulate Snail1 degradation through ubiquitination pathway. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Snail1 could effectively reverse the influence of USP18 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of CRC cells.

Conclusion

USP18 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer by deubiquitinating and stabilizing the Snail1 protein in colorectal cancer.
Microarray analysis of long non-coding RNA expression profiles in low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol disease
Authors: Wang Xinping , Guo Shuxia , Hu Yunhua , Guo Heng , Zhang Xianghui , Yan Yizhong , Ma Jiaolong , Li Yu , Wang Haixia , He Jia , Ma Rulin
Published: July 2020

Background

Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) disease with unknown etiology has a high prevalence in the Xinjiang Kazak population. In this study, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that might play a role in low HDL-C disease were identified.

Methods

Plasma samples from 10 eligible individuals with low HDL disease and 10 individuals with normal HDL-C levels were collected. The lncRNA profiles for 20 Xinjiang Kazak individuals were measured using microarray analysis.

Results

Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs with fold-change values not less than 1.5 and FDR-adjusted P-values less than 0.05 were screened. Bioinformatic analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and network analyses, were used to determine relevant signaling pathways and predict potential target genes. In total, 381 lncRNAs and 370 mRNAs were differentially expressed based on microarray analysis. Compared with those in healthy individuals, several lncRNAs were upregulated or downregulated in patients with low HDL-C disease, among which TCONS_00006679 was most significantly upregulated and TCONS_00011823 was most significantly downregulated. GO and KEGG pathway analyses as well as co-expression networks of lncRNAs and mRNAs revealed that the platelet activation pathway and cardiovascular disease were associated with low HDL-C disease.

Conclusions

Potential target genes integrin beta-3 (ITGB3) and thromboxane A2 receptor (TBXA2R) were regulated by the lncRNAs AP001033.3–201 and AC068234.2–202, respectively. Both genes were associated with cardiovascular disease and were involved in the platelet activation pathway. AP001033.3–201 and AC068234.2–202 were associated with low HDL-C disease and could play a role in platelet activation in cardiovascular disease. These results reveal the potential etiology of dyslipidemia in the Xinjiang Kazakh population and lay the foundation for further validation using large sample sizes.
Association between carotid intima media thickness and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in acute ischaemic stroke
Authors: Zhou Peiyang , Shen Yan , Wang Lingyun , Cao Zhihua , Feng Wenmin , Liu Jincheng , Wang Lijun , Meng Peng , Yang Jinbo , Xu Wang-Yang , Gao Ping
Published: July 2020

Background

Intima-media thickness (IMT) and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) have been reported to be related to atherosclerosis and stroke. This study is trying to explore the association between IMT and sdLDL-C in Chinese acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) subjects.

Methods

This study enrolled total 368 consecutive AIS patients and 165 non-AIS controls from November 2016 to February 2019. Mean IMT and carotid plaques were measured by using carotid ultrasonography method. Blood glucose and lipid parameters were measured by using an automatic biochemical instrument. SdLDL-C was detected by using the Lipoprint LDL system. IMT > 1.0 mm was defined as increased IMT. Plaque stability based on the nature of the echo was determined by ultrasound examination. Risk factors for IMT were identified by using multivariate logistic regression analysis. A logistic regression model was established to predict AIS risk. Python software (Version 3.6) was used for the statistical analysis of all data.

Results

The carotid IMT, proportion of plaques, and the sdLDL-C, triglycerides (TG) and glucose levels were obviously higher in AIS patients than those in controls. SdLDL-C level in the IMT thickening group was higher than that in the normal IMT group. SdLDL-C and total cholesterol (TC) were risk factors for IMT, while sdLDL-C was an independent risk factor. The IMT value of the unstable plaque group was markedly higher than that of the stable plaque group. The predictive value of IMT for AIS was better than that of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) but not as good as that of sdLDL-C. A logistic regression model was established to predict AIS risk. Additionally, carotid IMT and sdLDL-C were closely related to AIS severity and outcomes.

Conclusions

SdLDL-C and TC were risk factors for increased IMT, while sdLDL-C was an independent risk factor. A prediction model based on IMT and other variables was established to screen the population with high AIS risk.
Cost utility of a pharmacist-led minor ailment service compared with usual pharmacist care
Authors: Dineen-Griffin Sarah , Vargas Constanza , Williams Kylie A. , Benrimoj Shalom I. , Garcia-Cardenas Victoria
Published: July 2020

Background

A cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) performed from July 2018 to March 2019 demonstrated the clinical impact of a community pharmacist delivered minor ailment service (MAS) compared with usual pharmacist care (UC). MAS consisted of a technology-based face-to-face consultation delivered by trained community pharmacists. The consultation was guided by clinical pathways for assessment and management, and communication systems, collaboratively agreed with general practitioners. MAS pharmacists were trained and provided monthly practice support by a practice change facilitator. The objective of this study was to assess the cost utility of MAS, compared to UC.

Methods

Participants recruited were adult patients with symptoms suggestive of a minor ailment condition, from community pharmacies located in Western Sydney. Patients received MAS (intervention) or UC (control) and were followed-up by telephone 14-days following consultation with the pharmacist. A cost utility analysis was conducted alongside the cRCT. Transition probabilities and costs were directly derived from cRCT study data. Utility values were not available from the cRCT, hence we relied on utility values reported in the published literature which were used to calculate quality adjusted life years (QALYs), using the area under the curve method. A decision tree model was used to capture the decision problem, considering a societal perspective and a 14-day time horizon. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses assessed robustness and uncertainty of results, respectively.

Results

Patients (n = 894) were recruited from 30 pharmacies and 82% (n = 732) responded to follow-up. On average, MAS was more costly but also more effective (in terms of symptom resolution and QALY gains) compared to UC. MAS patients (n = 524) gained an additional 0.003 QALYs at an incremental cost of $7.14 (Australian dollars), compared to UC (n = 370) which resulted in an ICER of $2277 (95% CI $681.49–3811.22) per QALY.

Conclusion

Economic findings suggest that implementation of MAS within the Australian context is cost effective.

Trial registrationRegistered with Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) and allocated the ACTRN: ACTRN12618000286246. Registered on 23 February 2018.
Prevalence of depression and its correlative factors among female adolescents in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak
Authors: Zhou Jiaojiao , Yuan Xiaofei , Qi Han , Liu Rui , Li Yaqiong , Huang Huanhuan , Chen Xu , Wang Gang
Published: July 2020

Background

The outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) could increase the risk of depression. However, epidemiological data on outbreak-associated depressive morbidity of female adolescents are not available. This study determines the incidence and correlates of depression among female adolescents aged 11–18 years during the COVID-19 outbreak in mainland China.

Methods

A large cross-sectional sample, nationwide online survey was conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the correlative factors of depression were analyzed.

Results

In this study, 4805 female adolescents were enrolled with a median (range) age of 15 (11–18) years. Of them, 1899 (39.5%) suffered from depression with a CES-D score of > 15. The onset of depression was significantly related to age, grade, distant learning, attitude toward COVID-19, sleep duration, and physical exercise duration. Furthermore, participants aged 15–18 years (OR = 1.755, 95% CI: 1.550–1.987, p < 0.001), participating in distant learning (OR = 0.710, 95% CI: 0.564–0.894, p = 0.004), concerned about COVID-19 (OR = 0.414, 95% CI: 0.212–0.811, p = 0.010), with sleep duration/day of < 6 h (OR = 2.603, 95% CI: 1.946–3.483, p < 0.001),and with physical exercise duration/day < 30 min (OR = 1.641, 95% CI: 1.455–1.850, p < 0.001) represented to be independent factors for suffering from depression.

Conclusion

During the COVID-19 outbreak, depression was common among female adolescents. Older age, distant learning, concern about COVID-19, short sleep duration, and physical exercise duration represented the independent factors for suffering from depression.
High-efficiency procedure to characterize, segment, and quantify complex multicellularity in raw micrographs in plants
Authors: Zhang Xi , Hu Zijian , Guo Yayu , Shan Xiaoyi , Li Xiaojuan , Lin Jinxing
Published: July 2020

Background

The increasing number of novel approaches for large-scale, multi-dimensional imaging of cells has created an unprecedented opportunity to analyze plant morphogenesis. However, complex image processing, including identifying specific cells and quantitating parameters, and high running cost of some image analysis softwares remains challenging. Therefore, it is essential to develop an efficient method for identifying plant complex multicellularity in raw micrographs in plants.

Results

Here, we developed a high-efficiency procedure to characterize, segment, and quantify plant multicellularity in various raw images using the open-source software packages ImageJ and SR-Tesseler. This procedure allows for the rapid, accurate, automatic quantification of cell patterns and organization at different scales, from large tissues down to the cellular level. We validated our method using different images captured fromArabidopsis thalianaroots and seeds andPopulus tremulastems, including fluorescently labeled images, Micro-CT scans, and dyed sections. Finally, we determined the area, centroid coordinate, perimeter, and Feret’s diameter of the cells and harvested the cell distribution patterns from Voronoï diagrams by setting the threshold at localization density, mean distance, or area.

Conclusions

This procedure can be used to determine the character and organization of multicellular plant tissues at high efficiency, including precise parameter identification and polygon-based segmentation of plant cells.
The Lebanese left ventricular assist device experience, a success story despite the odds
Authors: Hamdan R. , Fakih S. , Mohammad M. , Charif F. , Abdallah H. , Safa S. , Al Ali F. , Issa M. , Damen B. , el Zein A. , Younes M. , Rabah A. , Saab M.
Published: July 2020

Background and aim

Heart failure is still a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Assist devices are reserved for advanced heart failure patients with no other therapeutic options.

We aim in this paper to describe the characteristics and outcome of Lebanese left ventricular assist device (LVAD) patients.

Results

From 2010 till December 2019, 78 patients were implanted with assist devices at the Beirut cardiac Institute, 82 pumps were used. To the most recent follow up after 10 years, 26 patients died (34%). 24 patients of 35 (68%) survived more than 5 years. Seven patients only (9%) died during one month of surgery. One year mortality was 19% (15 patients). The leading cause of early mortality was infection, whereas cerebrovascular accidents CVA were the leading cause of late mortality. Pump thrombosis occurred in 12% of the cases. The most serious long term complication was haemorrhagic CVA. Only seven patients (9%) received heart transplantation, with a mean time on support prior to transplantation of 1303 ± 213 days.

Conclusion

In this manuscript we reported the characteristics and outcome of the largest population of LVAD patients in Lebanon. The survival rate was 81% at one year. These findings were comparable to the international registries except for rates of heart transplantation. More efforts should be made to encourage organ donation in Lebanon.
A fast inversion method of 2D nuclear magnetic resonance based on the novel hybrid algorithm
Authors: Li Hai-Tao , Deng Shao-Gui
Published: July 2020

To make up for the limitations and improve the accuracy of 1D nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) logging in the evaluation of formation fluid properties, 2D NMR logging has become the focus of research. Increasing the sequence and inversion parameters of the 2D NMR can effectively improve the antinoise properties and resolution of the inversion, but at the same time, the reduced inversion speed and increased memory occupied will put forward higher requirements on the computer configuration and add to the cost of calculation, which poses challenges to the application of the traditional 2D NMR inversion algorithms. In view of the above defects, we have developed a new fast 2D NMR inversion LSQR-RSVD hybrid algorithm, and we have used the nonnegative least-squares (LSQR) calculation result as the initial value of the RSVD inversion. Taking oil-water and gas-water models as examples, the 2D NMR inversion effects of ( T2, D), ( T1, T2) are analyzed in detail, and ( T1, D) is also discussed by several groups of echo trains with variable echo interval ( TE) and waiting time ( TW). Compared to the inversion algorithm commonly used, the new hybrid algorithm can improve the inversion speed and significantly reduce the memory occupancy. Its remarkable advantages can further promote the application of 2D and even multidimensional NMR logging in practice.
RAS Mutations in Circulating Tumor DNA and Clinical Outcomes of Rechallenge Treatment With Anti-EGFR Antibodies in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Sunakawa Yu , Nakamura Masato , Ishizaki Masahiro , Kataoka Masato , Satake Hironaga , Kitazono Masaki , Yanagisawa Hideyuki , Kawamoto Yasuyuki , Kuramochi Hidekazu , Ohori Hisatsugu , Nakamura Michio , Maeda Fumiyo , Komeno Chihiro , Sonezaki Tomoko , Takeuchi Masahiro , Fujii Masashi , Yoshino Takayuki , Tsuji Akihito , Ichikawa Wataru
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE

Several trials have evaluated the efficacy of rechallenge treatment with anti–epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (mAb) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). A recent trial indicated that RAS status in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may potentially predict patients with RAS wild-type mCRC resistant to anti-EGFR mAb who would benefit from rechallenge treatment, and the findings should be further investigated.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We enrolled patients whose plasma samples were collected in prospective phase II trials, the JACCRO CC-08 (n = 36) and CC-09 (n = 25), which evaluated rechallenge chemotherapy with anti-EGFR mAb for KRAS wild-type mCRC. RAS in ctDNA was analyzed at the time points of baseline, 8 weeks, and progression using OncoBEAM RAS CRC kit.

RESULTS

Sixteen patients were enrolled in this study, with a response rate of 0% and a disease control rate (DCR) of 62.5%. RAS mutations were found at baseline in six patients. The DCR was 33% in patients with RAS mutations in ctDNA, whereas it was 80% in patients without RAS mutation at baseline. Patients with RAS mutation at baseline had significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than those without RAS mutation (median PFS, 2.3 v 4.7 months; hazard ratio [HR], 6.2; P = .013; median OS, 3.8 v 16.0 months; HR, 12.4; P = .0028). Six of 10 patients without RAS mutation at baseline acquired RAS mutations at progression. Postprogression survival after rechallenge treatment was numerically shorter in patients with RAS mutation at progression.

CONCLUSION

RAS status in ctDNA was significantly associated with clinical outcomes in patients with mCRC receiving rechallenge treatment with anti-EGFR mAb. These findings could support the clinical utility of OncoBEAM RAS CRC kits for anti-EGFR mAb rechallenge in RAS wild-type mCRC.
Growth Curves for Children with X-linked Hypophosphatemia
Authors: Mao Meng , Carpenter Thomas O , Whyte Michael P , Skrinar Alison , Chen Chao-Yin , San Martin Javier , Rogol Alan D
Published: July 2020

Context

We characterized linear growth in infants and children with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH).

Objective

Provide linear growth curves for children with XLH from birth to early adolescence.

Design

Data from 4 prior studies of XLH were pooled to construct growth curves. UX023-CL002 was an observational, retrospective chart review. Pretreatment data were collected from 3 interventional trials: two phase 2 trials (UX023-CL201, UX023-CL205) and a phase 3 trial (UX023-CL301).

Setting

Medical centers with expertise in treating XLH.

Patients

Children with XLH, 1-14 years of age.

Intervention

None.

Main Outcome Measure

Height-for-age linear growth curves, including values for the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles for children with XLH compared to population norms.

Results

A total of 228 patients (132 girls, 96 boys) with 2381 height measurements were included. Nearly all subjects (> 99%) reported prior management with supplementation therapy. Compared to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention growth curves, boys at age 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 1 year, and 2 years had median height percentiles of 46%, 37%, 26%, 18%, and 5%, respectively; for girls the median height percentiles were 52%, 37%, 25%, 18%, and 7%, respectively. Annual growth in children with XLH fell below that of healthy children near 1 year of age and progressively declined during early childhood, with all median height percentiles < 8% between 2 and 12 years old.

Conclusion

Children with XLH show decreased height gain by 1 year of age and remain below population norms thereafter. These data will help evaluate therapeutic interventions on linear growth for pediatric XLH.
Bartik Instruments: What, When, Why, and How
Authors: Goldsmith-Pinkham Paul , Sorkin Isaac , Swift Henry
Published: July 2020

The Bartik instrument is formed by interacting local industry shares and national industry growth rates. We show that the typical use of a Bartik instrument assumes a pooled exposure research design, where the shares measure differential exposure to common shocks, and identification is based on exogeneity of the shares. Next, we show how the Bartik instrument weights each of the exposure designs. Finally, we discuss how to assess the plausibility of the research design. We illustrate our results through two applications: estimating the elasticity of labor supply, and estimating the elasticity of substitution between immigrants and natives. (JEL C51, F14, J15, J22, L60, R23, R32)
ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ РЕСУРСОВ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ В СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ
Authors: Shakirova Dinara Marselevna , Gorbov Valery Yurievich , Chernyshev Alexei Mikhaylovich , Dorozhkina Diana Borisovna , Usanova Ekaterina Andreevna , Gumerova Alina Rafailievna
Published: July 2020

Сегодня системы планирования ресурсов предприятий предлагают множество преимуществ производственным и строительным отраслям промышленности: начиная от логистики предприятия, заканчивая бухгалтерией. Однако множество предприятий строительной сферы до сих пор не имеют данных систем на «вооружении», а те, кто имеют, не используют все возможности систем планирования ресурсов.Целью данной работы является рассмотрение современных автоматизированных систем, применяемых в сфере строительства для планирования ресурсов организации и определение их основных практических факторов.Методы исследования: аналитический и статистический метод анализа, системный подход и обобщение.Результатом данной работы является определение критических факторов для внедрения системы планирования ресурсов на предприятиях строительной отрасли.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты могут быть применены в области менеджмента строительства.
ФАКТОРЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТИ ТРУДА РОССИЙСКИХ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЕЙ АВТОКОМПОНЕНТОВ
Authors: Berbasova Lada Vladimirovna , Naumova Olga Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2020

Данная работа посвящена анализу деятельности российских производителей на рынке автокомплектующих, в частности производительности труда как основной характеристике конкурентоспособности. В работе определены проблемы отечественных производителей автокомпонентов, выявлены основные причины отставания производительности труда российских компаний от зарубежных, а также предложены способы ее повышения посредством внедрения инструментов бережливого производства или дифференциации продукта. Данными для расчета послужили материалы предприятий-участников национального проекта «Производительность труда».Цель работы: определение факторов, обуславливающих существование отставания производительности труда российских и зарубежных производителей автокомплектующих и путей ее повышения.Метод или методология проведения работы: были использованы аналитический, системный и сравнительный подходы в части выявления ключевых проблем отрасли и их причин, а также совокупность методов экономико-статистического анализа при количественной оценке сформулированных выводов.Результаты: сформулированы основные проблемы российских производителей автокомпонентов и предложены пути их решения.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять экономическим субъектам, осуществляющим производство автокомплектующих, при разработке стратегии повышения производительности труда.
Kirby's Rule of 20: the veterinary nurse's critical patient checklist part 1
Authors: Waxman Courtney
Published: July 2020

Kirby's Rule of 20 is a patient checklist including 20 parameters that should be checked daily in the critically ill patient. It reviews the established evidence-based information regarding patient checklist use in veterinary emergency and critical care medicine. The list of 20 will be discussed over a four-part series to give an appropriate level of information and attention to each patient parameter. Part 1 includes: fluid balance, albumin and oncotic pull, electrolytes and acid–base, mentation, and heart rate/rhythm/contractility.
Periprosthetic fractures of the proximal femur: beyond the Vancouver classification
Authors: Stoffel Karl , Horn Tamara , Zagra Luigi , Mueller Michael , Perka Carsten , Eckardt Henrik
Published: July 2020

The majority of periprosthetic femoral fractures are treated surgically. Surgical treatment may be revision only, revision in combination with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), or ORIF only. The treatment decision is dependent on whether the stem is loose or not, but loose stems are not always identified, resulting in unsatisfactory treatments. This article presents an algorithmic approach to identifying loose stems around proximal femoral periprosthetic fractures, taking patient history, stem design, and plain radiographs into consideration. This approach may help identifying loose stems and increase the probability of effective treatments.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:449-456. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190086
Sobre a relação entre a energia da luz e sua frequência
Authors: Mendes Jayme F.M.
Published: July 2020

Consideramos aqui a absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas monocromáticas por um corpo massivo em repouso. O processo é analisado em dois referenciais inerciais quanto à conservação de energia relativística e efeito Doppler relativístico transversal. A comparação entre a e\-ner\-gia da onda eletromagnética e sua respectiva frequência nos dois referenciais resultam em uma invariância relativística para a razão `energia da onda eletromagnética'/`frequência'.
Study of thermal effects of electromagnetic radiation on the environment from space rocket activity
Authors: RABINSKIY Lev N. , TUSHAVINA Olga V. , STAROVOITOV Eduard I.
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of a study of electromagnetic effects from space rocket activity using the example of the Plesetsk cosmodrome and aviation complex using the example of Ostafyevo Airport. The influence of electromagnetic pollution on the environment is considered; the authors analyze the influence of electromagnetic fields on human health taking into account thermal effects. It was demonstrated that the long-term effect of electromagnetic sources with different wavelengths at moderate intensity causes changes in the irritability of visual, olfactory and vestibular analyzers, as well as development of functional disorders in the nervous system without pronounced changes in endocrine-metabolic processes and blood composition, also trophic disturbance might be present. The authors study in detail the main anthropogenic sources of electromagnetic effects from objects of rocket and space, and aviation activities.
Robotic complex for inspection of the outer surface of the aircraft in its parking lot
Authors: ALESHIN Boris S. , CHERNOMORSKY Alexander I. , KURIS Eduard D. , LELKOV Konstantin S. , IVAKIN Maxim V.
Published: July 2020

Through-flight inspection of the outer surface of the aircraft is necessary to identify possible damage to the surface of the aircraft caused by metal fatigue, lightning, birds collision, etc. The article discusses the method of robotic inspection of the outer surface of the aircraft in its open air parking area. The robotic complex (RC) consists of an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) interconnected by a tether mechanism (TM). The algorithm of the RC functioning is presented. The main attention is paid to the formation of the TM control and the features of its work, ensuring the prevention of collisions of UAV with aircraft during extreme wind actions on UAV. The study of the most critical mode of the complex operation under extreme wind actions on an unmanned aerial vehicle is carried out. The results of modeling the typical process of the RC operation in an abnormal conditions of extreme wind exposure to UAV are presented.
Optimal control of propellant consumption during vertical lifting of rocket in homogeneous atmosphere using regularized solution of integral equation of the first kind
Authors: VIKULOV Aleksey G.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the optimal control of propellant consumption during vertical lifting of rocket in homogeneous atmosphere using regularized solution of integral equation of the first kind. The problem of lifting of a rocket into desired height along optimal trajectory in the view of minimal consumption of propellant leads to solving the set of differential and integral equations. Problem of optimal control of propellant consumption during lifting of rocket in homogeneous atmosphere is solved using regularized solution of integral equation of the first kind which is solution of corresponding Euler equation on discrete time net. Influence of the regularization parameter and some additional parameters on precision of discreted problem is investigated. Considered algorithm is summed up easily to the case of non-homogeneous atmosphere by introducing dependence of the ballistic coefficient on altitude of flight and to problem of putting spacecraft into determined orbit and suborbital flights by setting desired altitude and velocity and modifying of motion equations.
Characterization of megahertz X-ray laser beams by multishot desorption imprints in PMMA
Authors: Vozda Vojtěch , Burian Tomáš , Hájková Věra , Juha Libor , Enkisch Hartmut , Faatz Bart , Hermann Martin , Jacyna Iwanna , Jurek Marek , Keitel Barbara , Klinger Dorota , Loch Rolf , Louis Eric , Makhotkin Igor A. , Plönjes Elke , Saksl Karel , Siewert Frank , Sobierajski Ryszard , Strobel Sebastian , Tiedtke Kai , Toleikis Sven , de Vries Gosse , Zelinger Zdeněk , Chalupský Jaromír
Published: July 2020

Proper diagnostics of intense free-electron laser (FEL) X-ray pulses is indisputably important for experimental data analysis as well as for the protection of beamline optical elements. New challenges for beam diagnostic methods are introduced by modern FEL facilities capable of delivering powerful pulses at megahertz (MHz) repetition rates. In this paper, we report the first characterization of a defocused MHz 13.5-nm beam generated by the free-electron laser in Hamburg (FLASH) using the method of multi-pulse desorption imprints in poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA). The beam fluence profile is reconstructed in a novel and highly accurate way that takes into account the nonlinear response of material removal to total dose delivered by multiple pulses. The algorithm is applied to experimental data of single-shot ablation imprints and multi-shot desorption imprints at both low (10 Hz) and high (1 MHz) repetition rates. Reconstructed response functions show a great agreement with the theoretical desorption response function model.
Subjects of Substance
Authors: Henneberg Julian
Published: July 2020

Recent U.S. literature has both been informed by, and critically engaged with, materialist conceptions of selfhood. Over the past decades, disciplines like neuroscience and evolutionary biology have increasingly recast the human self as a malleable construct produced by physiological processes. In a parallel development, literary authors have created their own conceptions of somatic subjectivity in conjunction or contrast with scientific and medical discourses. Subjects of Substance examines the forms, functions, and effects of materialist models of mind in selected memoirs and novels. Authors discussed include Michael W. Clune, Don DeLillo, Kay Redfield Jamison, Siri Hustvedt, Richard Powers, Elyn R. Saks, and David Foster Wallace.
Sterbeorte
Authors: Voigt Katharina
Published: July 2020

Als Schwellenräume zwischen Leben und Tod kommt Sterbeorten eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Mit dem Überführen des Sterbens aus dem privaträumlichen Wohnumfeld in medizinische und pflegerische Institutionen wird ihre Gestaltung und Verortung im Kontext der gebauten Lebenswelt und im gesellschaftlichen Diskurs daher zur Architekturaufgabe. Katharina Voigt dokumentiert die typologische Genese von Sterbeorten, führt zeitgenössische künstlerische Positionen zur Körperlichkeit, Transformation und Räumlichkeit des Sterbens an und entwickelt daraus Grundlagen für ein angemessenes Raumgeben am Lebensende. In Gesprächen über das Sterben kommen Protagonist*innen unterschiedlicher Disziplinen zu Wort, darunter Barbara Camilla Tucholski, Charlotte Uzarewicz, Frère Alain Durand und Stefan Kaegi. Mit einer Einführung von Uta Graff.
Flucht und Vertreibung in europäischen Museen
Authors: Regente Vincent
Published: July 2020

Als in Europa der Zweite Weltkrieg zu Ende ging, begann ein bis heute umstrittenes Kapitel europäischer Geschichte: die Flucht und Vertreibung der Deutschen aus Ostmitteleuropa. Dieser geschichtspolitische Konflikt lässt sich ›besichtigen‹: Er materialisiert sich in verschiedenen europäischen Museen, die ›Flucht und Vertreibung‹ interpretieren und ausstellen. Vincent Regente arbeitet die erinnerungskulturellen Auseinandersetzungen am Beispiel von sieben aktuellen Museumsprojekten in Berlin, Danzig, Brüssel, Görlitz, Kattowitz, Aussig und München erstmalig vergleichend heraus. Sein konsequent trinationaler Ansatz, der die deutschen, polnischen und tschechischen Sichtweisen gleichermaßen berücksichtigt, eröffnet neue Perspektiven für das Verständnis des Diskurses über ›Flucht und Vertreibung‹.
Segregation, Inequality, and Urban Development
Authors: Dehkordi Sara
Published: July 2020

In present-day South Africa, urban development agendas have inscribed doctrines of desirable and undesirable life in city spaces and the public that uses the space. This book studies the ways in which segregated city spaces, displacement of people from their homes, and criminalization practices are structured and executed. Sara Dehkordi shows that these doctrines are being legitimized and legalized as part of a discursive practice and that the criminalization of lower-class members are part of that practice, not as random policing techniques of individual security forces, but as a technology of power that attends to the body, zooms in on it, screens it, and interrogates it.
Hegemonie und Kulturkampf
Authors: Babacan Errol
Published: July 2020

Die Türkei durchläuft einen tiefgreifenden gesellschaftlichen Wandel. Während sich die öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit auf den politischen Autoritarismus und die Repression richtet, rückt Errol Babacan die kulturkämpferische Dynamik in den Blick. Auf der Basis einer Feldstudie bestimmt er die Regierungspartei AKP als Trägerin eines Hegemonieprojekts, das mit einer wachsenden Schicht religiöser Akteure vernetzt ist, die ihre Stellung sukzessive ausbauen. Die Religionsbehörde Diyanet, theologische Schulen und islamische Bruderschaften werden dabei im Zentrum einer religiösen Privilegienstruktur verortet, deren sozio-ökonomische Grundlage ein neoliberales Armutsregime ist.
ANÁLISE SOBRE RISCO E VULNERABILIDADE À COVID-19 NO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Soares da Silva Mauro Henrique , Dubos Raoul Marine , Ribeiro Oquendo Cabrero Diego
Published: July 2020

Diante da atual situação de Pandemia declarada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, em março de 2020, decorrente da dispersão rápida do Coronavírus, cuja doença principal – a COVID-19 – pode causar superlotação dos serviços públicos de saúde e acentuar as perdas de vida da população, surgem questionamentos relativos ao quão vulnerável os territórios estão em relação a esse fenômeno de perigosidade, e, para além disso, qual o grau de risco que as populações estão expostas, considerando as características dos territórios. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a vulnerabilidade e o risco à COVID-19 no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, considerando as características do território, uma vez que o referido estado apresentou um aumento de 68% dos casos confirmados no período epidemiológico entre 23 e 30 de abril, atingindo 255 contaminados. Para atingir esse objetivo foram elencadas algumas variáveis específicas, com a finalidade de quantificar e analisar tanto a vulnerabilidade, quanto o risco dos territórios municipais do Mato Grosso do Sul à incidência da COVID-19. Verificou-se que dos 79 municípios, 73,41% apresentam Alta Vulnerabilidade, e 74,7% foram classificados como Territórios de Risco Moderado a Alto Risco para a COVID-19, necessitando, portanto, de atenção ao planejamento territorial no enfrentamento da pandemia.