bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on the research progress of physical remediation technology for organic contaminated sites
Authors: Shi Lei , Yang Liangyan
Published: May 2021

There are many kinds of organic matter in organic contaminated soil, which has great safety hidden danger to ecological environment and human health. Due to the rapid development of industry and agriculture in our country, a lot of organic contaminated sites to repair, but the restoration of soil governance in China started relatively late compared to the United States and other developed countries, for a wide variety of organic pollution factor pollution soil remediation technology is relatively backward, under the severe form of soil restoration, the organic pollution of soil restoration got the attention of many researchers. This paper reviews the current remediation technologies for organic contaminated soil, including bioremediation, physical remediation and chemical remediation. The technical principles of various remediation technologies were analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages were summarized based on the current situation of remediation of contaminated soil. The application prospect of organic contaminated soil remediation technologies was prospected, which provided a basis for the remediation of organic contaminated soil in China in the future.
State of the Art Review on Statistical Modelling and Optimization of Bioenergy Production from Oil Seeds
Authors: Ogunkunle O. , Ahmed N. A.
Published: May 2021

The article captures a brief state-of-the-art encompassing statistical modelling and optimization of bioenergy production from oil seeds. Exploring the research space of bioenergy production from biomass oil, various numerical approaches have been employed to model and optimize the process parameters for maximum response yields. Various performance studies have also been carried out to evaluate the predictive capabilities of emerging Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms on modelling of bioenergy production from seed oil using the conventional Response Surface Methodology (RSM) as a reference base. For the records, the precision of measurement, management of uncertainties, more accurate data analysis and prediction are techniques which these methodologies have the capacity to do. The commonly used techniques for optimization and modelling studies of bioenergy from biomass oil and the analysis of their usage according to their performance metrics are detailed in the body of this work. Aside the relative limitation of RSM models in highly non-linear processes as compared to the robustness of AI models, RSM models still continue to hover on large scale applications when it comes to modelling and optimization studies on bioenergy production from oil-rich plant seeds. In the era of big data analysis in relation to the test and measure of analytical performances and prediction ability, AI models have begun to gain attention in the last two decades owing to their better estimation capabilities and ability to handle more data points in real-time prediction of bioenergy production. This study has been able to show successful applications of both RSM and AI models in bioenergy field, with a pointer to further adoption of the later in more related studies as a result of its relative advantages.
Comparative Study of Microstructure Evaluation and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloy Grade 5 Composite Via Laser Metal Deposition
Authors: Akinlabi E.T. , Fatoba O.S. , Akinlabi S.A. , Naidoo LC. , Odebiyi O.S.
Published: May 2021

The implementation of A.M processes in manufacturing is sustainable since it provides higher efficiencies, accuracy and minimal material waste compared to conventional manufacturing methodologies. The investigation of this research was carried on Titanium alloy base metal with Ti-Al-Si-Cu reinforcements. The deposition process was conducted employing a 3kW (CW) Ytterbium Laser System (YLS-2000-TR) machine, coaxial to the reinforcement powder. The laser scanning speed and power were varied between the intervals of 1-1.2 m/min and 900-1000 W. All other parameters kept constant where the rate of gas flow, the spot diameter, and the rate of powder flow. The mechanical property such as ultimate tensile strength was determined for all specimens conducted. The microhardness values were obtained by performing Vickers hardness tests on the metallurgical prepared surfaces. All the samples were observed under an Optical Microscope (OM) to perform microstructural analysis. Optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to determine the metallurgical evolution in the fabricated specimens and the geometrical properties. It was observed that all the samples produced by the LMD technique showed several layering of prior β grains that grew in the direction parallel to the deposition direction. This was caused by the layers being repetitively melted. Specimens produced with densities of energy deposition in regions of a complete fusion and melting resulted in the roughness of the surface and hardness being uniform. Varying the scan speed and laser power supported the generation of columnar grains. The columnar structures are compact and are small in width attributing to the dominance of the diameter of the laser and space of the hatching on the grain size of the columnar structures. Micro-hardness analysis showed that the average hardness of the Ti-6Al-4V substrate was approximately 358HV and the improved hardness was 528HV which was found within the coating at a laser scan speed of 1.2 m/min and laser power of 900 W. It is evident that all the specimens had increased microhardness, in comparison to the parent material, other than samples 4B. Sample 5B displayed the most increase in microhardness of 32.20%, which is the sample with the highest microhardness of 528 HV.
Optimization of bleaching of Crude Palm oil using Activated Groundnut Hull
Authors: Ojewumi M.E. , Ezeocha C.R. , Alagbe E.E. , Obanla O.R. , Omodara O.J.
Published: May 2021

The bleaching process is a crucial process in palm oil refining in which an adsorbent is majorly used to adsorb the unwanted colour pigments and a wide range of other impurities. Groundnut hull was collected and processed into powder form as Groundnut hull powder [GHP], the powder was used to remove the colour pigments and other minor impurities from crude palm oil. Free fatty acid (FFA) analysis was carried out on the palm oil before and after bleaching. The effects of three factors: temperatures, mass and time were investigated on the response. Central Composite Design [CCD] employed resulted in 20 runs. The conducted analysis has shown that groundnut hull was able to reduce FFA composition as well as reduce the colour of the palm oil to a desired colour.
Study on the Potential Rare Earth Elements in Coal Combustion Product from Banjarsari Power Plant, South Sumatera
Authors: Firman  , Haya A
Published: May 2021

Coal combustion produt (CCP) from Banjarsari power plant, both fly ash and bottom ash are numerous and have not been utilized optimally. CCP contains rare earth elements so that the potential needs to be assessed as a resource and reserve of rare earth elements (REE) in the future. The stages of this research were sample preparation and testing of grain size distribution using the wet and dry sieving method. Grain morphology was observed under a microscope and the determination of mineralogical content with XRD, oxide content with XRF and elemental content with ICP-MS. Fly ash grain size distribution of 76.15% passed 200 mesh sieve (0.074 mm) while the bottom ash was only 0.2%. Grain morphology is sub-rounded and there are still coal that has not been completely burned. The dominant mineral content is quartz, mica mineral (muscovite), clay mineral (kaolinite), lime, siderite, magnetite and hematite. The dominant oxides are SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and CaO. Based on ICP-MS test results, 16 elements of REE were detected. The total REE contents for each sample, FA and BA were 264.97 ppm and 49.22 ppm, respectively. REE of CCP from Banjarsari power plant which has the potential to be extracted is the content of cerium 80.5 ppm, neodymium 42.9 ppm, yttrium 41.8 ppm and lanthanum 31.4 ppm from fly ash while at the bottom ash there is no potential to be extracted.
Electrochemical performances of lithium-ion coin cell based on Li4Ti5O12 anode
Authors: Supardi Z A I , Munasir  , Najihah A I , Priyono S , Prihandoko B
Published: May 2021

Recently many portable devices need electrical energy which instant and high capacity. Lithium-ion battery is one of very popular as mobile electrical energy source for them. This experiment focused to elaborate the electrochemical performances of Lithium-Ion (LI) coin cell based on Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) Anode with variation of calcination holding time (2, 4 and 6 hours) at temperature 900°C. They are electrical conductivity, specific capacity and coefficient of ion diffusion. Sol-Gel method and doctor Blade technique were used to produce LTO anode material. Vacuum technique was used to assembly LI coin cell. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Cyclic Voltammetry were used to measure the electrochemical performances of theses coin cells. The best result of these experiments showed that coefficient of ionic diffusion is 3.48×10−4 cm2/S, the specific capacity value is 304 mAh/g and electrical conductivity value is 6.87×10−3 S/cm. So, this experiment has shown strongly a prospective for application in the future to produced commercially lithium-ion coin cells.
The Limestone as a Materials Combination of Base Course on the Road Pavement
Authors: Poernomo Yosef Cahyo Setianto , Winarto Sigit , Mahardana Zendy Bima , Karisma Dwifi Aprillia , Ajiono Rekso
Published: May 2021

Road base coarse construction requires a foundation that must be sufficient to carry the vehicle load on the subgrade. Therefore the upper foundation layer is very directly influential on the burden received by the pavement layer. Limestone is an alternative innovation for the aggregate base coarse foundation. Based on the method of this research, an experiment was carried out to determine the aggregate test and the strength value of Limestone as a mixture of the upper foundation layers on the pavement. The cornerstone of the testing theory uses the 2010 Bina Marga General Specifications method, with the percentage of Limestone as a gross aggregate of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The number of samples used for each variation is five pieces. The test results show that a mixture of 10% limestone is the optimum result. The abrasion test showed a resistance of 25.63% and an area of 81.53% rupture. In the LL test results showed a value of 12%, IP 6.1%, CBR Soaked 94%, ɣd 2.43 gr/cm3, and W valued at 5.69 gr. Thus Limestone can be used as a combination of upper foundation layer material on road pavement.
Blood Donor Location Scheduling Application Using Geographic Information System
Authors: Sugiarto  , Mas Diyasa I Gede Susrama
Published: May 2021

Data on blood donors in the city of Surabaya has improved during normal conditions, when during the COVID-19 pandemic conditions such as experiencing a shortage of blood donors at the Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) and several hospitals. This condition continued to decline when conditions in the city of Surabaya experienced an increase in confirmed cases of Covid19. The same thing develops with the existence of geographic information system technology and real-time, dynamic and online services for various activities of daily activities ranging from school, work, to shopping for daily needs. This GPS (Geographic Position System) technology will be very easy to use by the public considering that all smartphones currently have embedded GPS technology. Smartphone with the Global Positioning System (GPS) feature is a solution to be able to assist in the process of taking blood donors, as well as the fulfillment of blood stocks in various regions, this can be seen from the number of blood stocks in Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) on June 2020. The enthusiasm of the community develops when the ease with which technology can be done to meet the needs of life. This application requires development; this is because the development of GPS technology will have more functions.
Andorid-based Diet Guide for Diabetes Melitus, Heart, Maag, Kidney, and Impaired Liver Function Disease
Authors: Dolfi Loppies Stanly Hence , Xaverius Fransiskus , Pandiangan Nurlela
Published: May 2021

In this study an android-based application was produced that can provide dietary information and knowledge to patients with diabetes mellitus, heart, maag, kidney, and impaired heart function deisease, that for healthy living does not have to be expensive. The habit of consuming liquor, consuming fast food, and rarely doing physical activities is the cause. Diet is the first initial method recommended by doctors to patients. Eating patterns with the right menu, exercise and adequate and regular rest can help the patient’s recovery. Based on 50 questionnaires distributed and returned by patients, 42 of the total 50 patients who went on a diet within 1 month routinely felt a very good recovery in their bodies.
Twitter Sentiment Analysis as an Evaluation and Service Base On Python Textblob
Authors: Mas Diyasa I Gede Susrama , Marini Mandenni Ni Made Ika , Fachrurrozi Mohammad Idham , Pradika Sunu Ilham , Nur Manab Kholilul Rachman , Sasmita Nyoman Rahadi
Published: May 2021

The development of technology in the current era is very rapid, this is indicated by the many social media that have sprung up. One popular social media is Twitter. Twitter initially became a forum for social media users as a place to preach activities, discuss, and share stories between users. However, now Twitter is even a place for complaints for customers of a company, one of which is PT Telkom Indonesia. Some customers prefer not to contact the call centre that has been provided by the company to be contacted if there is a problem, but prefer to complain via Twitter. According to data taken during a certain period, 3324 tweets were obtained, which included the keywords indihome, myindihome, useetv, and wifi.id. The tweets data that has been collected, if processed properly, will be valuable information for the company. For example, as a reference to assess brand image, customer feedback, and marketing opportunities. This study classifies tweets where the keywords indihome, myindihome, useetv, and wifi.di. Furthermore, several data preprocessing techniques were carried out, sentiment analysis, and visualization in the form of histograms, pie charts, and word clouds. From 3324 tweets that have been analyzed, it is found that there are 34.4% positive tweets, 16.1% negative tweets, and 49.6% neutral tweets.
Information and Communication Technology Hassles within Village-owned Enterprises of Bontomanai Gowa
Authors: Niswaty Risma , Darwis Muh. , Dhahri Irsyad , H. Nasaruddin
Published: May 2021

As information and communication technologies have lured all over the country, it is unavoidable used by the Village-owned Enterprise (BUMDES) of Bontomanai, Gowa Regency amid programs to increase citizen participation. Therefore, the development of the ICT on the enterprise has to deal with citizen acceptances for the sake of the economic purpose. This research is based on a new perspective to increase public community participation as well as the management of village-owned enterprises to deal with information and communication technology developments. It is also a form to support e-Government programs of the Gowa Regency Government. The results show that the management of BUMDES supported by information technology system had significantly increased the public participation. It is also found that the management of BUMDES is able to improve the welfare of the community.
Evaluating of Open and One Data in Digital Government Services Implementation: A Literature Study
Authors: Turuy Seh , Arief Assaf , Wahab Iis Hamsir Ayub
Published: May 2021

The Digital Government Open and One Data is a concept where citizens have the right to access open and one data services, information, and practices generated by the government. This concept has driven many countries to implement Open and One Government Data (O2GD). It is critically to assess the implementation of Open and One Government Data to make this implementation better in the future and meet the goal, which gives citizens free access to public data without restriction. This paper conducted by systematic literature review. This study focused on investigating the domains used to evaluate the implementation of O2GD. This study using literature review methods from the digital library in 2014-2020. The result of the study shows that there are seven main dimensions to evaluate the implementation of O2GD which are quality of data, benefit, public value, data infrastructures, people and organization, policy and regulation, application and services.
Focused Web Crawlers on Domain-Specific Retrieval Systems
Authors: Suzanti Ika Oktavia , Razi Fakhrur , Husni  , Rochman Eka Mala Sari , Fitriani Nurhayati
Published: May 2021

The need for a large and growing internet has formed a new culture that symbolizes widespread dissemination of knowledge, information and data. Everyday hundreds of pages as well as new information were added. deleted and modified. Search engines is a finding information tool. First step of search engines is web crawler, a process crawling webpage to obtain information about its content. Focused web crawler is one of web crawler that scrapping certain relevant webpages to given topic and ignores others that have nothing to do with. Indonesia is an archipelago that number of island reached 17.491. where it makes Indonesia rich of different kinds of travel, culture and food that is characteristic of each region. The amount of information available does not rule out possibility that there are some food recipes do not include staples used so that web crawlers are needed to find out the ingredients. With this application, it is expected to facilitate the search for information on various processed recipes with meat-based ingredients from all regions in Indonesia.
Character Recognition using Adjustment Convolutional Network with Dropout Layer
Authors: Setiawan Wahyudi
Published: May 2021

Character Recognition is the machine’s ability to receive and translate certain character input. It can be handwriting, computer-fonts, and images. In this article, character recognition is done using the Adjustment Convolution Network (ACN). The ACN architecture used consists of 28 layers (input, 5 convolutional, 5 Batch Normalization, 5 Rectified Linear Units, 4 max-pooling, 5 dropouts, Fully Connected Layer, Softmax, Output). Dropout is located in each convolution block. The values used are 0.25, 0.3 and 0.4. Dropout keeps away from the overfitting incident. The network is carried out with the optimization of Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) which is a combination of momentum and adaptive sub-gradient variable. Data contain digits 0-9, letters A-Z, and letters a-z that amounted to 171,562. Data is taken from MNIST, notMNIST and Char74K public data. A comparison between training vs. testing data is 70:30. The results showed accuracy of up to 99.04% (MNIST), 94.90% (notMNIST), 98.9% (font-Char74K), 79.4% (Handwritten-Char74K), and 86.80% (Image-Char74K) respectively.
Dimensions reduction of vibration signal features using LDA and PCA for real time tool wear detection with single layer perceptron
Authors: Arendra Anis , Herianto Herianto , Akhmad Sabarudin , Lumintu Ida
Published: May 2021

This study uses the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) method along with the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method to reduce the dimensionality of the vibration signal feature classified by Single Layer Perceptron (SLP). The vibration features to be reduced are 10 out of 270 features selected based on the correlations analysis. The LDA and PCA transformations provide only three inputs, than the original 10 signal features for the SLP classifier. The Single Layer Perceptron is trained with a sequential incremental training approach using the perceptron learning rule. The training phase of SLP resulting Mean Squared Error (MSE) as low as 0.0840 and the validation phase in the CNC machining provides 97.5% accuracy with zero false alarms.
Utilization of Zoom Cloud in M3D (Maze 3D) Game-Based Learning to Develop Early Childhood Social-Emotional Skills
Authors: Bali Muhammad Mushfi El Iq , Najiburrahman  , Fathony Alvan , Salma  , Maghfirah Eva , Farida Lia Ayu
Published: May 2021

The diversity of educational game tools has unique and interesting functions in learning in Early Childhood Education. Learning media integrated with information and communication technology have been developed so that they are widely available and easily accessible. E-learning applications that are commonly used today use the Zoom application. Socio-emotional development of early childhood is the level of interaction of children with other people ranging from parents, teachers, friends and the wider community. This research approach uses a qualitative approach. While this type of research is a case study. Primary data includes data obtained through interviews with teachers, parents and students. Secondary data is data obtained in the form of documents and archives from related institutions and from other written sources. Data collection techniques include; observation, interview and documentation. Data analysis uses three channels, namely data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions/verification. Checking the validity of the data using the techniques of credibility test, transferability test, dependability test, and confirmability test. Games-Based Learning through Zoom Cloud is learning that should be appreciated and needs to be developed. Games-Based Learning through Zoom Cloud has a large enough influence to improve the emotional development of early childhood.
Addition of Fixed Bed Biofilm in Sequencing Batch Reactor to Remove Carbon-Nitrogen for Apartment Wastewater
Authors: Hendrasarie N , Zarfandi FI , Rosariawari F , Putro RKH
Published: May 2021

The addition of media to grow biofilms in the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) process, is an advance technology that aims to improve the performance of the reactor as a waste water treatment. SBR works by utilizing microbes that are suspended in the sludge resulting from the SBR process. With the media being added as a place to grow biofilms, there is a consortium of bacteria suspended with attached bacteria. Anaerobic phase is added to give anaerobic bacteria a chance to develop, thus accelerating the breakdown of organic content in liquid waste. Research methods include the best weight of biofilm growing media, namely coconut fiber and palm fiber. And the best stabilization time, to reduce the organic content of wastewater. The research result obtained N-total removal was 93.21 % and COD removal reached 92.11 %. The identification of the dominant bacteria growing in biofilms and those suspended have the same characteristics. The microorganisms which dominantly grew and were found in the media were micrococcus and bacillus.
Effect of the Optimized Temperature and pH Solution on the Crystallization of Struvite
Authors: Perwitasari D S , Santi S S , Bayuseno A P , Jamari J , Muryanto S
Published: May 2021

A computational model was developed and applied to investigate struvite crystallization with design parameters of temperature 30, 35 and 40° C and pH solution. This study used visual MINTEQ to optimized the operating parameters for controlling crystallization of struvite by the addition of maleic acid in liquid waste. The results showed both struvite and struvite-K minerals were the main minerals that control recovery of Mg+2, NH4+, and PO4
−3 ions. Ammonium (NH4+) removal was obtained of 55.938% at a temperature of 30° C and pH 9 so that it could be used as fertilizer and reduce the environmental impact. The identification of struvite crystals by the Rietveld XRPD method and irregular prismatic crystal morphology were shown in crystal struvite using SEM-EDX analysis.
Time Optimization on Biodiesel Conversion from Waste Cooking Oil
Authors: Saputro Erwan Adi , Erliyanti Nove Kartika , Yogaswara Rachmad Ramadhan
Published: May 2021

The need of energy is increasing in present, due to the world population growth and increasing industrial sector. Many peoples concerned about climate change and energy sustainability. For that reason, in recent years, the renewable energy is getting more intention. One of the prospecting renewable energy is biodiesel. There are many sources for biodiesel production, such as; jatropha curcas oil, sunflower seed oil, waste cooking oil, etc. In this research the waste cooking oil (WCO) is used for producing biodiesel through transesterification process by varying the reaction time. This research aims to find the optimum biodiesel conversion based on the reaction time process. The result show that the maximum yield is 62,8% when the reaction time is 80 min. The density value is around 0.88 g/ml and the viscosity is around 3.6 mm2/s, both of those value are meet with the standard of biodiesel.
A Kinetic Study in Fermentation of Cocoa Pod Husk using Zymomonas Mobilis
Authors: Yogaswara R R , Billah M , Saputro E A , Erliyanti N K
Published: May 2021

In many years, bioethanol research has been an outstanding topic because of renewable energy issue. The aim of this research is focused on utilization of cocoa pod husk as a feedstock for bioethanol production through fermentation using Z. mobilis. Moreover, the kinetic model of cocoa pod husk fermentation using Z. mobilis as a microorganism was also preformed in this study. Fermentation of cocoa pod husk was carried out at room temperature for 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days of reaction. The bacteria were also varied with 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, and 16% (v/v) of concentration towards the substrate mixture. The kinetic model was conducted by Michaelis – Menten equation followed by Eadie-Hofstee plot and batch kinetic data plot for its fitting parameter technique. The result of this study indicates that the slow reaction has occurred regarding the low value of conversion and small value of maximum reaction velocity. The highest conversion was achieved on the 8th day with 14% (v/v) of bacteria concentration that is 10.65%. The maximum velocity of reaction for 16% (v/v) of bacteria addition was obtained at approximately 0.0017 mol/L.hour.
Operational Technical Study of Waste Management in The Region of Ponorogo Disctrict
Authors: Rahmadyanti Erina , Dzakiyati Tika Nala
Published: May 2021

Waste is still a problem in various countries, especially developing countries. The problem of waste in big cities is different from small and medium cities. The amount of waste tends to increase along with population growth and an increase in living standards is not accompanied by the availability of adequate infrastructure, especially in waste management operations. Ponorogo Regency is one of the small cities in the province of East Java that has failed for 4 consecutive years to win Adipura because of poor evaluation on aspects of waste management. This study aims to examine the availability of infrastructure, especially technical waste management operations in small cities with a case study in Ponorogo Regency. The results show that in 2026 the projected population of Ponorogo Regency is 147,519 people with a volume of garbage generation of 442,556 m3/day. The amount requires availability of 246 units of carts, 16 units of dump truck, 71 units of containers at the transfer station, as well as the expansion of Mrican landfills to 5.4 hectares.
The Nori Gracilaria sp. with a Variation of Stabilizers as Healthy Food
Authors: Rosida Dedin Finatsiyatull , Putri Nurani Fesdila , Danil Ilmi Muhammad Ibnu Ma’
Published: May 2021

Nori is a traditional Japanese food made from red seaweed (Porphyra) which is currently still imported. In this study, nori was made from local seaweed raw materials, namely seaweed (Glacilaria sp.) With the addition of a texture stabilizer which aims to improve product quality, so that nori products with characteristics such as commercial nori are obtained. In making nori Gracilaria sp. In this case, the addition of texture-enhancing ingredients, including: chitosan, gelatin and pectin. This study aims to create a nori product that has a texture and taste that consumers like. Chitosan, gelatin and pectin are widely used as stabilizing / stabilizing components due to their ability to form a thin gel that can form products that are strong, elastic, flexible and difficult to tear. The research method used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors and two replications. The first factor is the type of texture stabilizer: (chitosan, gelatin and pectin) and the second factor is the concentration of the addition of the texture stabilizer: (2%, 3%, 4%). The best research results were obtained in the addition of 3% gelatin stabilizer which produced nori with 5.42% moisture content, 4.53% ash content, 11.29% protein content, 12.40 (N) tensile strength with the highest ranking value. aroma 109, flavor 124 and texture 114.4.
Environmentally friendly plastic tiles for substituting wooden board, and its processing machine design
Authors: Akhmad Sabarudin , Arendra Anis , Mu’alim
Published: May 2021

Plastic waste has become a global problem because it cannot be degraded in nature and in its manufacturing process requires non-renewable resources. For this reason, we need communal awareness to reduce, reuse and recycle plastic. Participating in this awareness, this paper intends to design plastic tiles made from plastic waste to replace natural wooden boards. Wooden boards are industrial forestry products that are becoming more and more expensive because of forestry wood materials are now increasingly scarce. Plastic used as raw material for the plastic tiles is recovered from the land fill. This study also worked on the design of equipment to process plastic waste into plastic tiles. This plastic hot press machine is made of a UNP steel frame. The top heating plate and bottom heating plate use CNC milled aluminum alloy equipped with 8×500 Watts cartridge heater. The heating plate temperature is set with the temperature controller. And the pneumatic piston of 80mm bore × 200mm stroke, 10 Bar, controlled by Outseal PLC. The plastic hot press machine produces two plastic tiles of 240mm×340mm×5mm size, weighing 387gr each, in 110 minutes. Tensile test according to ASTM D638 standard on product specimens shows tensile strength up to 18.0MPa.
Cross-sectional texture of sago fiber due to liquid smoke treatment
Authors: Muslimin M , Kamil K , Wardana I.N.G.
Published: May 2021

This study aims to show the texture cross-section of the sago fiber after treatment of liquid smoke. Sago fiber was soaked in a container filled by liquid smoke then heated at 43 °C for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours. SEMs were carried out to observe the treatments results on the surface of fiber. The results showed that fiber texture before treatment was covered by lignin layers, but after treatments, the fiber had a cross-sectional changes in form of visible pores formations on the fiber textures, distinguished by the soaking periods.
Investigation of Involute Profile Error on Spur Gear Processed using Wire EDM
Authors: Yusron R M , Prasetyo T , Pramudia M
Published: May 2021

Demand on high accuracy product are getting raised recently. Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is one of non-conventional machining who can produce high accuracy product with two axis. By using sparks from electrical energy to erode material in conductive fluid, called electrode fluid. A spur gear with JIS B 1701:1973 standard has specific criteria, including dimension and mechanical tolerance. DIN 1.2378 is a medium carbon steel which is common to use as a gear in automotive industry. This martial is like the ordinary one, but with an extra nickel. The aim of this research is to observe how far effect Wire EDM parameter process such as pulse on time, open voltage, pulse current and wire tension affected on involute profile error of spur gear shape with Taguchi matrix orthogonal L18 methods as experimental design. From research we concluded that the most involute profile error is a minus profile, it means involute curve on actual gear smaller than ideal involute curve. The smallest dimensional distortion involute profile error is 79μm and the highest 125μm. Process parameter pulse on time, open voltage, and pulse current has directly proportional to involute profile error, while wire tension has inversely proportional to involute profile error.
Study of Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Magnesium Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Nirala A , Soren S , Kumar Navneet , Kumar Raj , Shrivastava AK , Prasad H , Sharma Sanjeev Kumar , Yadav J K
Published: May 2021

Magnesium matrix composites are used widely because of light weight, higher mechanical, and physical properties and due to that, it is used potentially in numerous applications of aviation and defense organizations. Improving specific strength, stiffness, dampening behavior, wear behavior, shrinkages, and fatigue properties, in comparison with traditional engineering materials, is greatly affected by the integration of reinforcement into the magnesium metal matrix. The present research paper describes the results and merits of various reinforcements in magnesium and its alloy ant it addresses important processes, such as interfacial transformation, agglomeration, fiber-matrix interaction, and the difficulties with the distribution of reinforcement particles. The effect of strengthening on the microstructural and mechanical properties was often discussed in detail, such as Tensile properties, hardness and wear properties of the composites. Furthermore, the development and invention of new magnesium metal matrix composites are challenges for future study. The study of nanocomposites of magnesium matrix is a future research aim for the automotive/aviation sector.
Dimensional Synthesis of Watt-I Metal Mechanism based on Motion Generation
Authors: Nafees Khalid
Published: May 2021

In industrial automation, there is always increasing demand of generating desired motion with accuracy and precision. It is possible when the mechanism generates motion for large number of precision points. Therefore, in present work, the dimensional synthesis of a 6-bar, Watt-I mechanism has been carried for twenty coupler positions. The single degree of freedom mechanism has revolute pairs at each of its joint and is able to generate required motion. All the links of the mechanism are made of metal. The dyad-triad design equations are formed in terms of complex number algebra. To solve these equations, a MATLAB code is generated and utilized to yield the dimensional parameters i.e. lengths and angular orientations of all links of the mechanism. The complete synthesis methodology is modeled and demonstrated on a numerical problem. To verify the outcomes, SAM 7.0 application software has been incorporated and applied on the given example.
Low Carbon Production Inventory Model for Imperfect Quality Deteriorating Items with the Screening Process
Authors: Singh S R , Chaudhary Rinki
Published: May 2021

Carbon emissions play an important role in global warming. Currently, some countries are alert for reducing the carbon emissions. Basically, many countries use carbon cap & tax policies to reduce emission. Observance this issue in mind, we considered a production inventory model for a manageable carbon emissions rate. In this paper, we consider an imperfect production inventory model for decaying product with carbon emission and the defective rate is product dependent. To select the perfect and imperfect items have been inspected the produced items. The defective goods are sold in an only one consignment at the stop of the 100% screening process at a lower cost. The planned process is validated with the help of a numerical example. A solution process is given to establish the most favorable ordering policy. Finally, Sensitivity analysis of different parameters has been approved.
A Methodological Study for the Stress Analysis to Evaluate Single Lap Adhesive Joint
Authors: Kushwah Sagarsingh , Bhatt Meet , Desai Chirag , Parekh Shreyashkumar , Joshi Poojan
Published: May 2021

The use of adhesive bonding is increased in load-bearing applications in place of conventional joining techniques such as bolted or rivets joints. The high-stress concentration occurs at the end of an adhesive-bonded lap joint so all failures begin at the end of the overlap region and get fractured in the end. The single-lap adhesive-bonded joint was used in the current study to examine the peel stress and shear stress results along the overlap region. The comparison of the analytical and experimental result was made to validate the results along with it the load vs displacement curve was obtained from results. Also, stress vs strain curve and peel stress vs overlap length of the one mm thickness of testing specimen was obtained.
Critical Factors of Post Implementation of ERP in Higher Education Systems Survey Review
Authors: Kumar Manjeet , Garg Adarsh , Kumar Avadhesh
Published: May 2021

ERP system is an automated system which helps in streamlining the process and/or operations and organise data of a business. Keeping this in mind the educational institutions have been rapidly inclined towards adopting the system for their organizations. Initially the ERP systems were designed for business sector, their adaptation in educational institutions require modifying the basic architecture of the system design which has to engulf the three major nexus of academic institution, v viz., finance, students and human resource. Along with this, the ERP implementation calls in a huge investment from the adopting institution. Each additional domain cost more. In addition to this the training of thousands of end-users is also a tedious task. Also, in any academic institution the security of the data related to student’s examination and employee files is a major concern. This paper is a result of a survey conducted amongst the end-users of six major colleges and universities of Delhi/NCR who has already adopted the ERP system and is currently using the same. The paper covers the aforesaid issues and the opinion from the sight of end-users.
Development of advanced composite materials: Defining the fabrication process for hybridization of graphene and natural silk reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Kumar K N Sanjeev , Sharma S , Sharma P B , Mourad A-H I
Published: May 2021

In structural applications, Epoxy resin finds extensive application for its low cost, high strength to low weight ratio, higher amenability with superior dimensional stability in elevated temperatures, and chemical inertness. Furthermore, graphene has been extensively used as reinforcement materials to enhance strength and tensile/flexural stiffness. In contrast, natural silk within the other natural fibres showed higher impact strength and ductility, good biodegradability, and excellent biocompatibility for a reinforcement filler material. Several ongoing field research on graphene and natural silk as an individual reinforcement in the epoxy composites have shown significant positive results. This paper concentrates on the research gap of hybridization of graphene and natural silk fibres (SF) as a combined reinforcement material to develop lightweight and high-performance epoxy composite material for structural applications. This paper discusses the suitable material selection and fabrication process for hybrid GO/SF epoxy composite. Graphene Oxide (GO) choice for the reinforcement on epoxy resin by (0,0.5,1,1.5,2,3 and 5) % volume fractions via wet transfer ultrasonication process and plain-woven Bombyx mori silk for 60% SF reinforcement discussed in the paper. The optimum volume fraction of GO and SF promoting significant improvements of the epoxy resin composites’ mechanical properties needs further evaluation during material characterization.
Optimizing Agricultural to Hydro power water transfer
Authors: Kurulekar Maya , Kumar K , Joshi Shardul , Kurulekar M , Shinde Neha
Published: May 2021

Hydro energy is one of the richest and most useful renewable energy sources in the world. It contributes 16-20% of total electricity generation in the world. A trade-off between irrigation and power generation is essential in order to achieve optimal social benefits. Proper allocation of water to irrigation and optimal utilization of water for power generation is one of the most important area of concern. The study is mainly concentred on using educators, auxiliary services and inline axial turbines. It helps to identify the energy recovering potential in terms of closed conduit. About 90% excess released through irrigation gates can be used for inline turbines. The inline turbine will also be exploited during the lower release where the main turbine could not be used during lower releases of water to irrigation. The remaining 10% water can be used for educator pumping and auxiliary services. The system of retrieving energy potential can be implemented in an agricultural to hydro power dependent irrigation projects. A pilot study on Dhom (2X1 MW) irrigation dependent hydroelectric plant, MAHAGENCO, Satara, Maharashtra has been conducted in order to tap the water during the lower release from the reservoirs. This paper emphasizes the methods of utilizing untapped energy during the lower & higher water release in irrigation dependent hydro power plant.
Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites: Manufacturing and Applications
Authors: Singh Lavepreet , Kumar Sandeep , Raj Shivam , Shivam  , Badhani Piyush
Published: May 2021

Aluminium metal matrix composites(AMCs) is widely used in the industrial applications right now. Aluminum metal matrix composites have properties that no other monolithic material can match. Due to their superior strength to conventional materials, aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) have a broad variety of industrial applications. The nature of reinforcing, that can take the form of constant or undefined fibres, has a big influence on the properties of aluminum metal matrix composites. Thus it depends on the fabrication methods for aluminium matrix composites, which are influenced by a number of factors including the type of reinforcement and matrix used, its required degree with surface morphology integrity, as well as physical, mechanical, electro-chemical, and thermal properties. This article provides an overview of the manufacturing processes and different reinforcing elements used during the synthesis of Al-MMCs. Generally, the reinforced particles like carbides, nitrides, and compounds of oxides are used. This paper gives a brief overview on various methods that are beung used to manufacture aluminium metal matrix composites. The present study offers a description of the synthesis, mechanical behaviour, and utilisation of aluminium metal matrix composites. The main processing methods for making or production of aluminium metal matrix composites(AMCs) are thoroughly discussed. Finally, questions of commercialization as well as business issues are also discussed.
Optimization of sand-defects process parameters for reducing its defect using taguchi technique
Authors: Yadav Vikas , Kumar Gaurav , Kumar Mukesh , Vats Peeyush
Published: May 2021

Foundry or casting manufacturing process is largely used in manufacturing of automobile and general-purpose machine components. Still this method is popular due to low cost, easiness in manufacturing and easy availability of input materials and resources. It involves a number of processes like sand preparation, pattern making, melting, pouring, cooling etc. Due to influence of so many factors defect arises by one factor or many factors. Still trial and error method are used by casting units to remove defects. Therefore, a more disciplined approach is required to find the root cause of problem. In this paper taguchi’s method and design of experiment is used to analyze sand and mould related defects. Standardization (optimization) attempt is done to obtain optimum values of process parameters by taguchi’s method whose experimental approach of design is robust. The parameters affecting the process are chosen as sand grain size, clay content, moisture percentage, pouring temperature, pouring time, green strength, permeability, mould hardness, number of vent holes, number of ramming etc. An orthogonal array L27 is selected which is based on taguchi. In this study a cast iron alloy (FG260) retainer used in tractor is focused.
Chemical and microstructural characterization of ash from the Ubinas and Sabancaya volcanoes in Peru
Authors: Tupayachy-Quispe Danny , Apaza Fredy , Churata Rossibel , Almirón Jonathan , Hermoza-Gutiérrez Marián , Velasco Francisco , Torres-Carrasco Manuel
Published: May 2021

In this study, volcanic ash from Ubinas and Sabancaya volcanoes in Peru were characterized by particle size, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDX), ICP MASS spectrometer, X-ray diffraction and specific gravity. The combined application of those techniques for the analysis provided complementary information, i.e., their elemental compositions and morphology. The results showed that the volcanic ashes (VA) have a particle size lower than 600 μm with a dominant size over 100 μm. Their mineralogical characteristics involve silica polymorphs, vitreous nature of silica and silicate particles, showing chemical heterogeneity within the micrometer sized particles and diverse morphology. The chemical composition of the ash is mainly SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O and CaO, with a high content of silica ranging from 57.78 to 66.14% and alumina ranges from 13.81 to 17.56%. The concentration of potential pollutant elements determined in products from Ubinas and Sabancaya volcanoes, namely As, Ba, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, K, Mn, Mo, Sb, Sc, Sr, Th, Ti, U, V, and Zn, are reported. The different mineralogical characteristics among the studied volcanic samples would be related to their association with different volcanic eruptions. The chemical compositions and microstructure indicate that ashes have an origin and formation of andesitic and dacitic type.
Nanoencapsulation of ethylvanillin using Electrohydrodynamic technology
Authors: Eltayeb Megdi
Published: May 2021

An electrohydrodynamic method for preparation of ethylvanillin-loaded polymer-lipid-based nanoparticles. Various parameters of electrohydrodynamic are optimized for generating ethylvanillin-loaded nanoparticles by controllable electrohydrodynamic parameters. Ethylvanillin-loaded polymer-lipid-based nanoparticles with mean diameters of around 64-90nm with encapsulation efficiency in the range 67-71% are generated with all the flow rate from 10 to 25μl/min, the stearic acid-ethylcellulose-ethylvanillin concentration ratio of 4:1:1.6 wt%, and ethylvanillin content of 0.16%. The size of the ethylvanillin-loaded polymer-lipid-based nanoparticles production is examined using scanning electron microscopy.