bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) Prehabilitation: Advantages and Limitations
Authors: Demurtas Sara , Cena Hellas , Benazzo Marco , Gabanelli Paola , Porcelli Simone , Preda Lorenzo , Bortolotto Chandra , Bertino Giulia , Mauramati Simone , Veneroni Maria Vittoria , Orlandi Ester , Camarda Anna Maria , Madini Nagaia , Raso Chiara Annamaria , Locati Laura Deborah
Published: October 2024

Cancer prehabilitation is the process between the time of cancer diagnosis and the beginning of the active acute treatment; prehabilitation consists of various need-based interventions, e.g., physical activity, a nutritional program, and psychological support. It can be delivered as unimodal or multimodal interventions. Physical activity, including resistant exercise and aerobic activities, has to be tailored according to the patient’s characteristics; nutritional support is aimed at preventing malnutrition and sarcopenia; while psychological intervention intercepts the patient’s distress and supports specific intervention to address it. In addition, multimodal prehabilitation could have a potential impact on the immune system, globally reducing the inflammatory processes and, as a consequence, influencing cancer progression. However, many challenges are still to be addressed, foremost among them the feasibility of prehabilitation programs, the lack of adequate facilities for these programs’ implementation, and the fact that not all prehabilitation interventions are reimbursed by the national health system.
Circulating miR-18a and miR-532 Levels in Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Orzan Rares Ilie , Țigu Adrian Bogdan , Nechita Vlad-Ionuț , Nistor Madalina , Agoston Renata , Gonciar Diana , Pojoga Cristina , Seicean Andrada
Published: October 2024

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive cancer of the bile ducts with a poor prognosis and limited diagnostic markers. This study aims to investigate the potential of miR-18a and miR-532 as biomarkers for CCA by exploring their correlations with clinical parameters and traditional tumor markers such as CA19.9, CEA, and AFP. Methods: This study involved a cohort of patients diagnosed with CCA. Serum levels of miR-18a and miR-532 were measured and analyzed in relation to various clinical parameters, including age, tumor markers, and histological features. Results: Serum levels of miR-18a and miR-532 were upregulated in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). MiR-18a and miR-532 levels were correlated with each other (p = 0.011, Spearman’s rho = 0.482) but showed no significant correlation with age or traditional tumor markers (CA19.9, CEA, AFP). No significant differences in miR-18a and miR-532 levels were observed concerning tumor localization or histological grading. For predicting tumor resectability, miR-532 at a cut-off point of 2.12 showed a sensitivity of 72.73%, specificity of 81.25%, and an AUC of 71.3%, while miR-18a, at a cut-off of 1.83, had a sensitivity of 63.64%, specificity of 75%, and an AUC of 59.7%. ROC curve analysis suggested moderate diagnostic potential for miR-18a and miR-532, with AUC values of 0.64 and 0.689, respectively. Conclusions: Although miR-18a and miR-532 showed significant upregulation in eCCA patients compared to healthy controls, they did not demonstrate significant associations with key clinical parameters, limiting their effectiveness as standalone diagnostic biomarkers. Further research involving larger, multi-center cohorts and additional molecular markers is necessary to validate these findings and explore the broader diagnostic potential of miRNAs in CCA.
Assessing Influence of Mismatch Repair Mutations on Survival in Patients After Resection of Pancreatic Ductal and Periampullary Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Prezioso Elizabeth , Mancheski Eleanor , Shivok Kylee , Kaplan Zachary , Bowne Wilbur , Jain Aditi , Lavu Harish , Yeo Charles J. , Nevler Avinoam
Published: October 2024

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Previous studies have indicated that microsatellite instability and deficient mismatch repair (MMR) may be associated with improved survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. Here, we aim to investigate the impact of deficient MMR (dMMR) status on oncologic outcomes in patients after resection of PDAC and periampullary adenocarcinoma. Methods: This is a single-institution, retrospective study based on a prospectively maintained database. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (N = 342) and periampullary adenocarcinoma patients (N = 76) who underwent pancreatic resection surgery between 2016 and 2021 were included. Immunohistochemistry staining results of MMR proteins and next-generation sequencing data were recorded. Cancer-type dependent Cox regression analyses were performed to assess overall and disease-free survival, which was complemented with a 1:2 propensity-score matching for each of the cancer types in order to compare oncologic outcomes. Results: A total of 418 pancreatic cancer patients were included in the analysis. Fifteen patients (3.5%) were diagnosed as dMMR (PDAC N = 7 and periampullary adenocarcinoma N = 8). Cox regression modeling of dMMR status interaction with TNM staging and cancer type revealed that dMMR status strongly improves overall survival (p < 0.05). After propensity-score matching, Cox regression identified dMMR status as a significant marker of improved overall survival (HR = 0.27, 95%CI 0.09–0.88, p = 0.029). Conclusions: Overall, our findings suggest that dMMR status is associated with markedly improved survival outcomes in patients after resection of pancreatic and periampullary cancer. Future large-scale studies are needed to further validate this finding.
Pattern of Prescribing Proton Pump Inhibitors: Evaluating Appropriateness and Factors Contributing to Their Adverse Effect Reaction Risk
Authors: Alqurain Aymen A. , Alomar Mohammed F. , Fakhreddin Shatha , Julayh Zahrah , Korikeesh Zahra , Al-Shaibi Samaher , Alshnbari Afnan , Al Helaili Alaa , Ameer Luma , Surour Manal , Ghosn Sherihan , Hussein Dania , AlAlwan Bader , Alomar Fadhel A. , Bidasee Keshore R.
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are amongst the most commonly prescribed classes of medication. However, inappropriate PPI use can lead to several adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Limited data exist on factors contributing to the risk of ADRs associated with PPI prescribing patterns in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. This retrospective, cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence and the pattern of PPI use and to identify factors contributing to the risk of ADRs. Methods: Data were collected from electronic medical records of patients at Al-Qateef Central Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. The inclusion criteria included patients aged ≥40 years attending an outpatient medical care clinic. PPI prescribing patterns were categorized based on their dosage intensity into low-dose, medium-dose (MD), and high-dose (HD) categories. Binary and multinominal logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship between PPI prescribing patterns and use, categorized by MD or HD, and patient characteristics, adjusted for significant covariates. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: The study included 41,084 patients. The prevalence of PPI prescribing was 31%. PPI users were more frequently found to be females than males (52% vs. 50%, p = 0.013); they were also likely to be prescribed more medications (7 vs. 6, p < 0.001), but less likely to have gastritis-related diseases (34% vs. 32%, p < 0.001) compared to non-users. PPI HD users were more likely male (56% vs. 43%, p < 0.001), older (53 vs. 52 years, p < 0.001), and prescribed more medications (11.8 vs. 2.8, p < 0.001) compared to MD users. PPI usage was associated with concurrent use of antiplatelet drugs (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.15). An increasing number of prescribed medications was associated with HD usage (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.12–1.14), but negatively associated with MD usage (OR = 0.7 95% CI 0.69–0.71). Female gender was negatively associated with HD usage (OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.79–0.91). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that 31% of the included cohort were prescribed PPI. Inappropriate PPI prescribing related to the drug’s omission is a concern as PPI non-users presented with valid indications such as gastritis. Male gender and increasing NPM were the common factors contributing to increased risk of PPI ADR. This study points to the importance of re-evaluating PPI use to ensure effective therapy with minimum risks of ADR.
The Impact of Lung Function on Sleep Monitoring in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with Obstructive Lung Diseases: Insights from a Clinical Study
Authors: Fabozzi Antonio , Steffanina Alessia , Nicolai Ambra , Olmati Federica , Bonini Matteo , Palange Paolo
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obstructive lung diseases (OLD) are common and interdependent respiratory disorders, where one condition may contribute to the development and worsening of the other (OLDOSA syndrome). The term OLDOSA syndrome includes two different conditions: Overlap syndrome (OVS: OSA + chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD) and Alternative Overlap syndrome (aOVS: OSA + Asthma). Data on the interactions between lung function and respiratory monitoring during sleep in OLDOSA patients are few and controversial. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of lung function impairment on sleep breathing disorders, paying attention to the lack of literature about comparisons between OVS, aOVS, and the impact of small airways disease (SAD) in these patients. Methods: In total, 101 patients with a diagnosis of OSA and asthma or COPD underwent pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and nocturnal home sleep cardiorespiratory monitoring (HSCM). Exclusion criteria: Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) and other non-respiratory sleep disorders. Results: Sleep time with oxygen saturation below 90% (T90) was negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in the first second, % of predicted (%FEV1), forced vital capacity, % of predicted (%FVC), forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of the pulmonary volume, % of predicted (%FEF25–75), and, after multivariable linear regression analysis, %FEF25–75 remained an independent factor for T90 with a negative correlation in mild and moderate OSA. Obstructive apnea index (oAI) and FEV1/FVC were negatively correlated in mild and moderate OSA. OVS presented with more severe OSA (higher AHI, oAI, and T90) and SAD (lower FEF25–75) compared to aOVS. Conclusions: This study highlights a possible interdependence between OLD and OSA; obstruction of the large and small airways at PFTs contributes to the worsening of these patients’ nocturnal hypoxemia and obstructive events of the upper airway during sleep. Furthermore, this study shows that patients with OVS should be carefully monitored, as they present worse data at HSCM and have greater small airways involvement compared to aOVS.
The Presentation, Clinical Diagnosis, Risk Factors, and Management of Rapidly Progressive Hip Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Oprișan Andrei , Feier Andrei Marian , Zuh Sandor-Gyorgy , Russu Octav Marius , Pop Tudor Sorin
Published: October 2024

Rapidly progressive hip osteoarthritis (RPOH) is a rare and severe form of osteoarthritis (OA), marked by the rapid degeneration and destruction of the femoral head, often within months. Despite its unclear etiology, several factors such as subchondral fractures and immune responses have been proposed as possible contributors. This narrative review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical presentation, imaging features, and grading systems of RPOH. Predominantly affecting elderly females, RPOH presents distinctive challenges in both diagnosis and management due to its abrupt onset and severity. Known risk factors include advanced age, female gender, obesity, intra-articular corticosteroids use, and long-term hemodialysis. Clinically, RPOH is characterized by severe pain during active weight-bearing movements, despite patients presenting a normal range of motion during passive examination in the early stages. While several classification systems exist, there is no universal standard, complicating differential diagnosis and clinical approaches. This review emphasizes the necessity for early diagnostic methods utilizing specific biomarkers, rapid differential diagnosis, and targeted, personalized interventions based on individual risk factors.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Neurocognitive and Executive Functions to Discriminate Women With and Without Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Secondary Analysis
Authors: Cigarán-Mendez Margarita , Pacho-Hernández Juan C. , Tejera-Alonso Ángela , Gómez-Calero Cristina , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Valera-Calero Juan A. , Fernández-Palacios Francisco G.
Published: October 2024

Objective: The aim of the current study was to determine the capability of neurocognitive variables and executive functions to differentiate women with and without fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Methods: A secondary diagnostic accuracy analysis was conducted. A battery of neurocognitive and executive function tests (the D2 Attention test, the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure for visual perception, “Digits D/R/I” tests of the WAIS-IV battery for working memory, the 5-Digit test for mental inhibition, the Symbol Search for processing speed, and the Zoo Test for planning/decision-making) were collected in 129 women with FMS and 111 without FMS. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, optimal cut-off point, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR) for each variable were calculated. Results: Between-group differences were identified in ROCF_Copy (p = 0.043), ROCF_Recall (p = 0.004), d2_TR (p = 0.019), d2_TA (p = 0.007), d2_TOT (p = 0.005), d2_CON (p = 0.004), d2_C (p = 0.042), Symbol Search (p = 0.008), Decoding _FDT (p = 0.001), Retrieving_FDT (p = 0.001), and Inhibiting_FDT (p = 0.024). The result showed that FDT-based outcomes (Retrieving_FDT: ROC 0.739, sensitivity 85.3%, specificity 48.6%; Decoding_FDT: ROC 0.724, sensitivity 50.4%, specificity 16.2%; Inhibiting_FDT: ROC 0.708, sensitivity 56.6%, specificity 22.5%) were the variables able to differentiate between women with and without FMS. Conclusions: Although women with FMS exhibited deficits in attention, long-term visual memory, processing speed, and mental inhibition when compared with women without FMS, only mental inhibition scores showed moderate diagnostic accuracy to discriminate between women with and without FMS. Future studies investigating these results in clinical settings are needed to identify the clinical relevance of these findings.
Reduced Insulin-like Growth Factor Levels in Pre-Menopausal Women with Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Ray Irene , Möller-Levet Carla S. , Michael Agnieszka , Meira Lisiane B. , Ellis Patricia E.
Published: October 2024

The rising global incidence of uterine cancer has been linked to the escalating prevalence of obesity. Obesity results in insulin resistance which alters the IGF system, thereby driving cancer progression via increased cell proliferation and the inhibition of apoptosis, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. In a previous study, we compared the levels of IGF1 and IGF2 between fifty endometrial cancer patients (study group) and fifty age-matched non-cancer patients with benign gynaecological conditions (control group), identifying a correlation with menopause. Building on these data, we now report that IGF levels in pre-menopausal women were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group, a pattern not observed in post-menopausal women. We undertook the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for calculating the potential of IGF1 and IGF2 to effectively distinguish pre-menopausal women with endometrial cancer from those without it. For pre-menopausal women, the area under ROC curve values were 0.966 for IGF1 and 0.955 for IGF2, both with significant p-values, indicating that IGF1 and IGF2 levels have the potential to be diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing pre-menopausal women with endometrial cancer from those without it. In summary, our findings emphasise the importance of considering menopausal status in the context of IGF level assessments and suggest that IGF1 and IGF2 could play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of endometrial cancer in pre-menopausal women.
Benchmark Dataset for Offshore Platform Motion Prediction and Its Applications
Authors: Pan Wenyin , Guo Xiaoxian , Li Xin
Published: October 2024

The accurate prediction of offshore platform and ship motion is crucial for motion compensation devices and for helping the crew make informed decisions. Traditional time series and physical models are being replaced by machine learning models due to their simplicity and lower training cost. However, insufficient data has hindered model training, making evaluating and comparing different models difficult. This paper introduces a comprehensive motion dataset containing data of more than 400 pieces from tens of offshore platform tests conducted at the State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The dataset is divided into subsets tailored for four application scenarios, including specific types of offshore platforms, wave conditions, noise addition data, and transfer learning. A Convolutional Attention-based LSTM model that combines convolution and self-attention mechanisms is proposed to validate the dataset and improve the accuracy of motion prediction. The proposed model is compared with classical models using our introduced dataset, achieving 5–10% improvement and confirming the dataset’s high reliability and applicability, as well as the effectiveness of the Conv-Att-LSTM model. This development sets a new standard for motion prediction and furthers the application of machine learning in ocean engineering.
Stratocorticium sinensis gen. et sp. nov. and Cericium gloeocystidiatum sp. nov. (Cyphellaceae, Agaricales) from East Asia
Authors: Zhang Yu-Peng , Li Yue , Nakasone Karen K. , He Shuang-Hui
Published: October 2024

Cyphellaceae, a small and under-studied family of Agaricales, includes mostly saprophytic taxa with varied basidiomes. In this study, we focus on wood-decay species with corticioid or stereoid basidiomes. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated ITS-nrLSU sequences uncovered seven generic lineages of corticioid or stereoid fungi—Acanthocorticium, Cericium, Chondrostereum, Cunninghammyces, Gloeostereum, Granulobasidium, and Stratocorticium gen. nov. The genus Cericium is shown to be in the Cyphellaceae family, and two new species, Cericium gloeocystidiatum and Stratocorticium sinensis, are described from East Asia. Morphologically, Ce. gloeocystidiatum is characterized by resupinate basidiomes with smooth hymenophores, a dimitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and micro-binding hyphae, cystidia with resinous-like or golden yellow contents, and ellipsoid basidiospores. Stratocorticium is monotypic, differing from Cericium by a trimitic hyphal system of clamped generative, micro-binding, and brown, thick-walled skeletal-like hyphae, clavate to cylindrical cystidia with homogenous, colorless contents, and hyphidia. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the new taxa and Cericium luteoincrustatum, and a key to corticioid or stereoid genera in Cyphellaceae is included.
Experiences of Physical Activity in Mesothelioma: A Qualitative Enquiry
Authors: Dismore Lorelle , Taylor Leah , Hurst Christopher , Aujayeb Avinash , Poulter Hannah , Swainston Katherine
Published: October 2024

Patients with a mesothelioma diagnosis often have relatively sedentary lifestyles and low physical activity. Reducing sedentary behaviour and being more active could be beneficial. A greater understanding of the factors associated with physical activity is needed to inform the development of interventions. Semi-structured interviews with patients with mesothelioma and informal carers were performed and analysed thematically. Three themes were generated: (1) the impact of disease burden and physical and psychological symptoms, (2) the psychosocial consequences and benefits of physical activity and (3) unpredictability and maintaining control. Participants had become increasingly sedentary during diagnosis and while undergoing treatment. Symptoms were key factors contributing to these reductions. Being less active reduced social connectedness and impacted psychological well-being. Some participants had lost confidence in being active and were worried about the potential negative consequences of doing more. Being able to walk was a priority, and they felt hopeful about increasing this in the future, but this depended on optimisation of symptoms. Clear guidance from healthcare professionals was needed to support engagement in physical activity. Declines in physical activity can have meaningful consequences for patients. Optimisation of symptoms is important to devise strategies to support patients with physical activity. Along with encouragement from healthcare professionals.
Applying the Constructive Journalism Approach to Combat Chinese Information Disorder in the Digital Age
Authors: Zhang Haiyue , Jiang Ling
Published: October 2024

Online media serves as the central platform for information dissemination; however, the rise of information disorders threatens the credibility and authenticity of public information. In China, the transformative impact of the digital age has intensified these disorders, significantly altering the media ecology. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of information overload, algorithmic intervention, and audience polarization, which contribute to the phenomenon of information disorders. By analyzing the roles of content producers, distribution mediums, and audiences within the Chinese context, the study offers a comprehensive understanding of these dynamics. Furthermore, addressing information disorders within the digital media ecosystem has become a critical global challenge. Through a systematic literature review, this study explored potential strategies for mitigating these disorders in China, emphasizing the application of constructive journalism. The constructive journalism framework is proposed as a set of journalistic norms that can foster a healthier and more sustainable online media environment. By enhancing professional ethics, clarifying the instrumental rationality of technology, and employing positive psychology, this approach aims to reduce audience polarization and realize the public value of information dissemination.
Pharmaceutical Pollutants: Ecotoxicological Impacts and the Use of Agro-Industrial Waste for Their Removal from Aquatic Environments
Authors: Estrada-Almeida Ana Gabriela , Castrejón-Godínez María Luisa , Mussali-Galante Patricia , Tovar-Sánchez Efraín , Rodríguez Alexis
Published: October 2024

Medicines are pharmaceutical substances used to treat, prevent, or relieve symptoms of different diseases in animals and humans. However, their large-scale production and use worldwide cause their release to the environment. Pharmaceutical molecules are currently considered emerging pollutants that enter water bodies due to inadequate management, affecting water quality and generating adverse effects on aquatic organisms. Hence, different alternatives for pharmaceuticals removal from water have been sought; among them, the use of agro-industrial wastes has been proposed, mainly because of its high availability and low cost. This review highlights the adverse ecotoxicological effects related to the presence of different pharmaceuticals on aquatic environments and analyzes 94 investigations, from 2012 to 2024, on the removal of 17 antibiotics, highlighting sulfamethoxazole as the most reported, as well as 6 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac and ibuprofen, and 27 pharmaceutical drugs with different pharmacological activities. The removal of these drugs was evaluated using agro-industrial wastes such as wheat straw, mung bean husk, bagasse, bamboo, olive stones, rice straw, pinewood, rice husk, among others. On average, 60% of the agro-industrial wastes were transformed into biochar to be used as a biosorbents for pharmaceuticals removal. The diversity in experimental conditions among the removal studies makes it difficult to stablish which agro-industrial waste has the greatest removal capacity; therefore, in this review, the drug mass removal rate (DMRR) was calculated, a parameter used with comparative purposes. Almond shell-activated biochar showed the highest removal rate for antibiotics (1940 mg/g·h), while cork powder (CP) (10,420 mg/g·h) showed the highest for NSAIDs. Therefore, scientific evidence demonstrates that agro-industrial waste is a promising alternative for the removal of emerging pollutants such as pharmaceuticals substances.
Targeting Sodium in Heart Failure
Authors: Triposkiadis Filippos , Xanthopoulos Andrew , Skoularigis John
Published: October 2024

A dominant event determining the course of heart failure (HF) includes the disruption of the delicate sodium (Na+) and water balance leading to (Na+) and water retention and edema formation. Although incomplete decongestion adversely affects outcomes, it is unknown whether interventions directly targeting (Na+), such as strict dietary (Na+) restriction, intravenous hypertonic saline, and diuretics, reverse this effect. As a result, it is imperative to implement (Na+)-targeting interventions in selected HF patients with established congestion on top of quadruple therapy with angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, β-adrenergic receptor blocker, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, which dramatically improves outcomes. The limited effectiveness of (Na+)-targeting treatments may be partly due to the fact that the current metrics of HF severity have a limited capacity of foreseeing and averting episodes of congestion and guiding (Na+)-targeting treatments, which often leads to dysnatremias, adversely affecting outcomes. Recent evidence suggests that spot urinary sodium measurements may be used as a guide to monitor (Na+)-targeting interventions both in chronic and acute HF. Further, the classical (2)-compartment model of (Na+) storage has been displaced by the (3)-compartment model emphasizing the non-osmotic accumulation of (Na+), chiefly in the skin. 23(Na+) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the accurate and reliable quantification of tissue (Na+). Another promising approach enabling tissue (Na+) monitoring is based on wearable devices employing ion-selective electrodes for electrolyte detection, including (Na+) and (Cl–). Undoubtably, further studies using 23(Na+)-MRI technology and wearable sensors are required to learn more about the clinical significance of tissue (Na+) storage and (Na+)-related mechanisms of morbidity and mortality in HF.
Enhancing Financial Advisory Services with GenAI: Consumer Perceptions and Attitudes Through Service-Dominant Logic and Artificial Intelligence Device Use Acceptance Perspectives
Authors: Yang Qin , Lee Young-Chan
Published: October 2024

Financial institutions are currently undergoing a significant shift from traditional robo-advisors to more advanced generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) technologies. This transformation has motivated us to investigate the factors influencing consumer responses to GenAI-driven financial advice. Despite extensive research on the adoption of robo-advisors, there is a gap in our understanding of the specific contributors to, and differences in, consumer attitudes and reactions to GenAI-based financial guidance. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing the impact of personalized investment suggestions, human-like empathy, and the continuous improvement of GenAI-provided financial advice on its authenticity as perceived by consumers, their utilitarian attitude toward the use of GenAI for financial advice, and their reactions to GenAI-generated financial suggestions. A comprehensive research model was developed based on service-dominant logic (SDL) and Artificial Intelligence Device Use Acceptance (AIDUA) frameworks. The model was subsequently employed in a structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis of survey data from 822 mobile banking users. The findings indicate that personalized investment suggestions, human-like empathy, and the continuous improvement of GenAI’s recommendations positively influence consumers’ perception of its authenticity. Moreover, we discovered a positive correlation between utilitarian attitudes and perceived authenticity, which ultimately influences consumers’ responses to GenAI’s financial advisory solutions. This is manifested as either a willingness to engage or resistance to communication. This study contributes to the research on GenAI-powered financial services and underscores the significance of integrating GenAI financial guidance into the routine operations of financial institutions. Our work builds upon previous research on robo-advisors, offering practical insights for financial institutions seeking to leverage GenAI-driven technologies to enhance their services and customer experiences.
How Can Mobile Social Media Sustain Consumers? Assessing the Dynamic Influences of Differentiated Perceived Interactivity on Attitudes, Belongingness, and Stickiness
Authors: Pang Hua , Ruan Yang , Wang Lei
Published: October 2024

The swift advancement of wireless communication technology has resulted in the gradual permeation of mobile social media into everyday lives, proffering unparalleled prospects for the dissemination of information and supporting networking. Despite several studies on the perceived interactivity of mobile social media, academic attention on comprehending the fundamental elements that lead to consumers belonging or sticking to these platforms has been limited. Drawing on previous scientific literature in related domains, this study presents a conceptual research framework that examines the extent to which three distinct facets of perceived interactivity, namely mutual interaction, message responsiveness, and social connectedness, may influence consumers’ attitudes towards mobile social media, ultimately impacting their belongingness and stickiness. This study empirically evaluates data from 665 mobile social media consumers and employs statistical analysis to demonstrate that perceived interactivity significantly influences consumers’ attitudes towards mobile social media platforms. Moreover, consumer attitudes towards these platforms are found to be the most significant predictor of consumer belongingness and stickiness. Furthermore, consumer belongingness also exerts a significant impact on stickiness. By identifying the factors and rationales that influence consumer belongingness and stickiness in using mobile social media, this study addresses the need for a comprehensive evaluation of perceived interactivity and consumer attitudes. The aforementioned discoveries not only have the potential to enhance our comprehension of consumer belongingness and stickiness in the realm of perceived interactivity but also to provide experts with innovative viewpoints, clarify effective strategies for promoting the adoption of mobile social media, and encourage increased levels of user engagement in a society that is saturated with mobile devices.
The Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Generation Z’s Online Fashion Purchase Intention
Authors: Ruiz-Viñals Carmen , Pretel-Jiménez Marilé , Del Olmo Arriaga José Luis , Miró Pérez Albert
Published: October 2024

The advance of digitalization has generated an ever-increasing number of options in the digital sphere. This phenomenon has transformed multiple sectors, including e-commerce and, in particular, the fashion industry. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool that is redefining the online shopping experience. However, there is little research on how AI influences this purchasing process, limiting its full exploitation. This study provides new insight into how artificial intelligence influences online purchase intention in this sector by examining Generation Z consumers’ attitude and purchase intention using the Echo Look AI device. This study involved 210 university students aged between 18 and 25 years old who were surveyed in the cities of Madrid and Barcelona. The results indicate that perceived quality, attitude towards AI and perceived usefulness have a positive influence on purchase intention. Based on these results, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
The Influence Mechanism of Narrative Strategies Used by Virtual Influencers on Consumer Product Preferences
Authors: Zeng Yuelong , Pu Gefei , Liu Jingwen , Feng Wenting
Published: October 2024

As social media has risen, virtual social media influencers have become a significant tool in modern marketing, utilizing computer-generated images (CGI), machine learning algorithms, and artificial intelligence technologies to connect with consumers via virtual online personas. In this study, the Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT) is employed as a theoretical framework to explore the effects of educational narrative strategies and evaluative narrative strategies on consumer product preferences, with an analysis of the mediating role of word-of-mouth effectiveness and the moderating role of perceived product usability. It was demonstrated in Experiment 1 that virtual influencers employing educational narrative strategies are more effective than those using evaluative narrative strategies in enhancing consumer product preferences. The boundaries of the study were clarified in Experiment 2, which found that the main effect of educational narrative strategies utilized by social media influencers to increase consumer product preferences is present only in the context of virtual influencers. In Experiment 3, the mediating role of word-of-mouth recommendation effectiveness in the relationship between narrative strategies and consumer product preferences was further verified. The moderating role of perceived product usability was examined in Experiment 4, and it was found that the main effect is more pronounced in contexts where perceived product usability is low. The results of this study provide theoretical and practical guidance on how companies can effectively leverage virtual influencers to promote their products.
Cart-State-Aware Discovery of E-Commerce Visitor Journeys with Process Mining
Authors: Topaloglu Bilal , Oztaysi Basar , Dogan Onur
Published: October 2024

Understanding customer journeys is key to e-commerce success. Many studies have been conducted to obtain journey maps of e-commerce visitors. To our knowledge, a complete, end-to-end and structured map of e-commerce journeys is still missing. In this research, we proposed a four-step methodology to extract and understand e-commerce visitor journeys using process mining. In order to obtain more structured process diagrams, we used techniques such as activity type enrichment, start and end node identification, and Levenshtein distance-based clustering in this methodology. For the evaluation of the resulting diagrams, we developed a model utilizing expert knowledge. As a result of this empirical study, we identified the most significant factors for process structuredness and their relationships. Using a real-life big dataset which has over 20 million rows, we defined activity-, behavior-, and process-level e-commerce visitor journeys. Exploitation and exploration were the most common journeys, and it was revealed that journeys with exploration behavior had significantly lower conversion rates. At the process level, we mapped the backbones of eight journeys and tested their qualities with the empirical structuredness measure. By using cart statuses at the beginning and end of these journeys, we obtained a high-level end-to-end e-commerce journey that can be used to improve recommendation performance. Additionally, we proposed new metrics to evaluate online user journeys and to benchmark e-commerce journey design success.
Dynamic Decision Trees
Authors: Vidal Joseph , Jha Spriha , Liang Zhenyuan , Delgado Ethan , Deneke Bereket Siraw , Shasha Dennis
Published: October 2024

Knowledge comes in various forms: scientific, artistic, legal, and many others. For most non-computer scientists, it is far easier to express their knowledge in text than in programming code. The dynamic decision tree system is a system for supporting the authoring of expertise in text form and navigation via an interface that limits the cognitive load on the reader. Specifically, as the reader answers questions, relevant tree nodes appear and irrelevant ones disappear. Searching by a keyword can help to navigate the tree. Database calls bring in information from external datasets. Links bring in other decision trees as well as websites. This paper describes the reader interface, the authoring interface, the related state-of-the-art work, the implementation, and case studies.
Artificial Light at Night Reduces the Surface Activity of Earthworms, Increases the Growth of a Cover Crop and Reduces Water Leaching
Authors: Kavassilas Zenia , Mittmannsgruber Marion , Gruber Edith , Zaller Johann G.
Published: October 2024

Artificial light at night (ALAN), also known as light pollution, is a growing environmental problem worldwide. However, only a few studies have examined whether soil organisms that search for food at the surface at night can be affected by ALAN. We investigated the effects of ALAN on the above-ground foraging activity of anecic earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris), on the soil water infiltration and on the germination and growth of a cover crop (Phacelia tanacetifolia). In a full-factorial greenhouse experiment, we tested four factors: ALAN (about 5 lx during the night vs. total darkness), earthworms (two specimens vs. none), plant species (Phacelia alone vs. mixed with ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia) and sowing depth (surface-sown vs. sown in 5 cm depth). Data were analysed using multifactorial ANOVAs. Earthworms removed 51% less surface litter under ALAN than under dark conditions. ALAN had no effect on Phacelia germination but resulted in increased height growth and biomass production when the seeds were buried. Earthworms reduced Phacelia germination and biomass production. ALAN reduced water leaching through the experimental units, probably due to interactions between the subsurface casts and plant roots. We conclude that ALAN, as emitted from streetlights, can lead to complex ecological effects in ecosystems that merit further investigation.
Peatland Transformation: Land Cover Changes and Driving Factors in the Kampar Peninsula (1990–2020)
Authors: Novarina Dian , Supriatna Jatna , Santoso Iman , Karuniasa Mahawan
Published: October 2024

The Kampar Peninsula, spanning approximately 735,091 hectares, is critical for its carbon reserves and biodiversity, including the endangered Sumatran tiger. However, nearly half of the 4 million hectares of peat swamp in the region is deforested, drained, decomposing, or burning, largely due to settlements and development projects. This research employs a mixed-method approach, using quantitative spatial analysis of Landsat imagery from 1990 to 2020 based on the Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) model to detect forest disturbances and classify land cover changes, utilizing the Normalized Difference Fraction Index (NDFI). Ground truthing validates the image interpretation with field conditions. Additionally, qualitative analysis through interviews and regulatory review examines spatial change trends, context, and driving factors. The result showed, over 30 years, that natural forest in the Kampar Peninsula decreased significantly from 723,895.30 hectares in 1990 to 433,395.20 hectares in 2020. The primary factors driving land use changes include the construction of access roads by oil companies in 1975, leading to extensive deforestation, and government policies during the New Order period that issued forest exploitation concessions and promoted transmigration programs, resulting in widespread establishment of oil palm and acacia plantations.
Erosive Tarsal Conjunctival Lesions Following Immunogenic Events in Early Development of Ocular Graft-vs-Host Disease
Authors: Kohnstam Marcus G. , Surico Pier Luigi , Luo Zhonghui K.
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) affects more than half of the patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The disease onset and the pathogenesis of oGVHD are not well understood. We hope to identify the triggers and explore the clinical signs and symptoms of oGVHD development at the early stages. Methods: The records of post-HSCT patients seen consecutively in a 1-year span in a single provider’s clinic were reviewed. The history, symptoms, and clinical findings of the patients with erosive tarsal conjunctival lesions (ETCLs) were analyzed. Results: Out of the 228 patients screened, 19 had clinically witnessed ETCL in at least one eye during the period. Twelve (63%) patients had a never-before-described nodular erosion on the subtarsal conjunctiva; seven (37%) had previously described pseudomembranous erosions. The ocular symptom onset was within 1 month after immunosuppression (IS) taper, vaccination, or donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) in 16 of the 19 patients. While 16 (84%) patients reported painless mucous discharge, only 9 (47%) reported dryness as the initial symptom. Within 6 months, only 4 (21%) had discharge but 15 (82%) patients endorsed dryness. Subepithelial conjunctival fibrosis followed ETCL immediately in situ. Corneal punctate staining increased with time, while aqueous tear production decreased. Conclusions: The ETCL described is likely one of the earliest detectable findings of oGVHD and triggered by certain immunogenic events. The ocular symptoms of wet mucous discharge should be considered a warning sign for oGVHD onset, particularly when it occurs shortly after prominently immunogenic events.
The Effect of Szigetvár Medicinal Water on HaCaT Cells Exposed to Dithranol
Authors: Szabó István , Szenczi Ágnes , Zand Afshin , Varjas Tímea , Varga Csaba
Published: October 2024

(1) Introduction: Topical dithranol is still commonly used today as an effective treatment for psoriasis. Dithranol treatment is often supplemented with balneotherapy, which has been shown to increase effectiveness and reduce side effects. The inorganic salts (sulfhide, selenium, zinc) are usually thought to be responsible for the effect. The antioxidant effect of the waters is thought to be behind the therapeutic effect, for which inorganic substances (sulfides, selenium, zinc) are thought to be responsible. The organic matter content of medicinal waters is also particularly important, as humic acids, which are often found in medicinal waters, have antioxidant effects. (2) Methods: In this short-term experiment, we aimed to test the possible protective effect of Szigetvár medicinal water and its organic matter isolate on HaCaT cells exposed to dithranol. Malondialdehyde levels were measured, and RT-qPCR was used to investigate the gene expression of selected cytokines relevant in the oxidative stress response (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, GM-CSF) and the expression of microRNA-21. (3) Results: Szigetvár medicinal water and the organic isolate prevented the increase in malondialdehyde levels caused by dithranol treatment. The cytokine gene expressions elevated by dithranol exposure were reduced by the treatment. (4) Conclusions: Szigetvár medicinal water and organic substances alone may have a protective effect on patients’ healthy skin surfaces against dithranol damage. We also demonstrated that the organic compounds are also responsible for the protective effect.
Lipid Profile Pitfalls in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Pathophysiology and Treatment
Authors: Nicolaou Marina , Toumba Meropi
Published: October 2024

Background: Lipids encompass a diverse group of biomolecules that are crucial for maintaining the body’s internal equilibrium and for a range of functions, including energy storage, maintenance of cellular membranes, and cellular signalling. Their synthesis and metabolism are intricately linked to hormonal regulation, particularly by thyroid hormones, which influence lipid metabolism by modulating gene expression, enzyme activity, and mitochondrial function. Thyroid hormones enhance the metabolic rate, lipid clearance, and cholesterol conversion to bile acids, which are regulated through feedback mechanisms involving the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) presents a complex challenge in understanding lipid metabolism. Methods: Research on SCH’s impact on lipid profiles has yielded conflicting results. Some studies indicate that SCH is associated with increased levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, while others report no significant changes. These discrepancies underline the necessity for more comprehensive studies to clarify how SCH affects lipid metabolism and its potential cardiovascular implications. Conclusions: This review aims to consolidate the existing knowledge, exploring the biochemical pathways and clinical evidence that link thyroid dysfunction with lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular health risks. It emphasizes the critical need for further research to elucidate the full impact of SCH on lipid metabolism and its broader effects on cardiovascular health, guiding future interventions and treatment strategies.
On the Diffusion of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs in Cyclodextrin-Containing Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Rodrigo M. Melia , Cabral Ana M. T. D. P. V. , Fangaia Sónia I. G. , Nogueira Afonso C. , Valente Artur J. M. , Ribeiro Ana C. F. , Esteso Miguel A.
Published: October 2024

In this work, we propose a comprehensive experimental study of the diffusion of isoniazid, one of the first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, in combination with another drug (ethambutol dihydrochloride) and with different cyclodextrins as carrier molecules, for facilitated transport and enhanced solubility. For that, ternary mutual diffusion coefficients measured by the Taylor dispersion method (D11, D22, D12, and D21) are determined for aqueous solutions containing isoniazid and different cyclodextrins (that is, α–CD, β–CD, and γ–CD) at 298.15 K. From the significant effect of the presence of these carbohydrates on the diffusion of this drug, interactions between these components are suggested. Support for this arose from models, which shows that these effects may be due to the formation of 1:1 (CDs:isoniazid) complexes.
Dynamic Temporal Logic of Subjective Homophily
Authors: Luo Xiling
Published: October 2024

Homophily, which means similarity breeds association, is one of the most fundamental principles in social organization. However, in some cases, homophily is not significant, because actors’ perceptions of others differ from the real situation. In this article, we use the term “subjective homophily” to describe the homophily where the perceived similarity of objects is considered. In addition, we also consider social influence, which is closely related to homophily and represents the diffusion of some attributes through associations. In short, the dynamic temporal logic LoSHG,MSC we propose in this article is based on computation tree logic (CTL), which is used to describe the evolution of networks by subjective homophily, and dynamic logic (DL), which provides the dynamic update operator for representing active social influence. Furthermore, we prove that the model checking problem and the validity checking problem for LoSHG,MSC are both PSPACE-complete. Finally, we use an example, named false consensus, to illustrate how logic captures the subjective homophily evolution of networks and the impact of active social influence on evolution and structure.