bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing Multiplicity: Conceptualizing Physician Cognition in Multipatient Environments
Authors: Chan Teresa M. , Mercuri Mathew , Dewark Kenneth Van , Sherbino Jonathan , Schwartz Alan , Norman Geoff , Lineberry Matthew
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Emergency physicians (EPs) regularly manage multiple patients simultaneously, often making time-sensitive decisions around priorities for multiple patients. Few studies have explored physician cognition in multipatient scenarios. The authors sought to develop a conceptual framework to describe how EPs think in busy, multipatient environments.

Method: From July 2014 to May 2015, a qualitative study was conducted at McMaster University, using a think-aloud protocol to examine how 10 attending EPs and 10 junior residents made decisions in multipatient environments. Participants engaged in the think-aloud exercise for five different simulated multipatient scenarios. Transcripts from recorded interviews were analyzed inductively, with an iterative process involving two independent coders, and compared between attendings and residents.

Results: The attending EPs and junior residents used similar processes to prioritize patients in these multipatient scenarios. The think-aloud processes demonstrated a similar process used by almost all participants. The cognitive task of patient prioritization consisted of three components: a brief overview of the entire cohort of patients to determine a general strategy; an individual chart review, whereby the participant created a functional patient story from information available in a file (i.e., vitals, brief clinical history); and creation of a relative priority list. Compared with residents, the attendings were better able to construct deeper and more complex patient stories.

Conclusions: The authors propose a conceptual framework for how EPs prioritize care for multiple patients in complex environments. This study may be useful to teachers who train physicians to function more efficiently in busy clinical environments.
What Faculty Want: Academic and Community Emergency Physicians’ Perceptions of Learner Feedback
Authors: Yilmaz Yusuf , Wu Kay , Pardis Parnian , Kamhawy Rana , Mondoux Shawn , Chan Teresa M.
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Faculty development is often deployed by central medical schools, with little guidance from end-users. How and what faculty members can use to improve their performance requires a deeper understanding from this user group. This study aims to explore how faculty perceive learners’ feedback about their performance as educators.

Methods

This study is an explanatory mixed-method research, wherein community- and academic-based emergency medicine faculty members from nine regional hospitals were surveyed about their perceptions of various outcome measures for faculty development. Selected participants were invited to follow-up interviews. We analyzed the physicians’ perceptions toward teaching and performance feedback data based on faculty’s gender, role as academic or community physician, and work experience.

Results

The quantitative phase has 104 participants, and 15 of these were followed up with interviews. The gender of faculty does not have statistical or practical differences regarding their perceptions of learner feedback. Type of practice contains meaningful insights about the perception of learner feedback although it does not have a statistical difference. Moreover, an inverse trend exists between the physicians’ years of experience and their perceived value of learner feedback. Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference in the faculty’s experience level and their perceived value for the metric “quantity of feedback commentary compared to their peer group” (H(4) = 12.21, p = 0.02), specifically between junior and senior faculty (p = 0.007). Some faculty stated that experienced faculty may perceive they have a very well-established style.

Conclusions

Diversifying feedback sources and delivery may be useful for different groups of faculty members. Junior physicians are more interested in gaining feedback about the quantity of their written feedback to students compared to more senior physicians. Learner feedback holds promise to trigger continuous improvement in community sites for those who fall behind compared to the academic sites.
Implementing peer review at an emergency medicine blog: bridging the gap between educators and clinical experts
Authors: Thoma Brent , Chan Teresa M. , Desouza Natalie , Lin Michelle
Published: November 2024

Emergency physicians are leaders in the ''free open-access meducation'' (FOAM) movement. The mandate of FOAM is to create open-access education and knowledge translation resources for trainees and practicing physicians (e.g., blogs, podcasts, and vodcasts). Critics of FOAM have suggested that because such resources can be easily published online without quality control mechanisms, unreviewed FOAM resources may be erroneous or biased. We present a new initiative to incorporate open, expert, peer review into an established academic medical blog. Experts provided either pre- or postpublication reviews that were visible to blog readers. This article outlines the details of this initiative and discusses the potentially transformative impact of this educational innovation.
CJEM and the changing landscape of medical education and knowledge translation
Authors: Thoma Brent , Mohindra Rohit , Artz Jennifer D. , Chan Teresa M.
Published: November 2024

[para. 1]: " The papyrus leaf. The Gutenberg printing press. The Internet. What do all of these technologies have in common? They all have disrupted the way that we communicate. The adoption of technology occurs along a predictable curve. Innovators lead the way, taking a new concept and introducing it to the world. Next come the early adopters, often opinion leaders, who engage in new practices. Eventually, the majority develops an increasing interest in the phenomena and makes it their own. Now, communication within the emergency medicine (EM) community is being disrupted by the Free Open Access Medical (FOAM) education movement."
Consensus Guidelines for Digital Scholarship in Academic Promotion
Authors: Husain Abbas , Repanshek Zachary , Singh Manpreet , Ankel Felix , Beck-Esmay Jennifer , Cabrera Daniel , Chan Teresa M. , Cooney Robert , Gisondi Michael , Gottlieb Michael , Khadpe Jay , Repanshek Jennifer , Mason Jessica , Papanagnou Dimitrios , Riddell Jeff , Trueger N Seth , Zaver Fareen , Brumfield Emily
Published: November 2024

Introduction: As scholarship moves into the digital sphere, applicant and promotion and tenure (P&T) committee members lack formal guidance on evaluating the impact of digital scholarly work. The P&T process requires the appraisal of individual scholarly impact in comparison to scholars across institutions and disciplines. As dissemination methods evolve in the digital era, we must adapt traditional P&T processes to include emerging forms of digital scholarship.

Methods: We conducted a blended, expert consensus procedure using a nominal group process to create a consensus document at the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors Academic Assembly on April 1, 2019.

Results: We discussed consensus guidelines for evaluation and promotion of digital scholarship with the intent to develop specific, evidence-supported recommendations to P&T committees and applicants. These recommendations included the following: demonstrate scholarship criteria; provide external evidence of impact; and include digital peer-review roles. As traditional scholarship continues to evolve within the digital realm, academic medicine should adapt how that scholarship is evaluated. P&T committees in academic medicine are at the epicenter for supporting this changing paradigm in scholarship.

Conclusion: P&T committees can critically appraise the quality and impact of digital scholarship using specific, validated tools. Applicants for appointment and promotion should highlight and prepare their digital scholarship to specifically address quality, impact, breadth, and relevance. It is our goal to provide specific, timely guidance for both stakeholders to recognize the value of digital scholarship in advancing our field.
Academic Primer Series: Five Key Papers about Team Collaboration Relevant to Emergency Medicine
Authors: Chan Teresa M. , Gottlieb Michael , Grossman Catherine , Rose Emily , Sanderson William , Ankel Felix , Swaminathan Anand
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Team collaboration is an essential for success both within academics and the clinical environment. Often, team collaboration is not explicitly taught during medical school or even residency, and must be learned during one's early career. In this article, we aim to summarize five key papers about team collaboration for early career clinician educators.

Methods: We conducted a consensus-building process among the writing team to generate a list of key papers that describe the importance or significance of team collaboration, seeking input from social media sources. The authors then used a three-round voting methodology akin to a Delphi study to determine the most important papers from the initially generated list.

Results: The five most important papers on the topic of team collaboration, as determined by this mixed group of junior faculty members and faculty developers, are presented in this paper. For each included publication, a summary was provided along with its relevance to junior faculty members and faculty developers.

Conclusion: Five key papers about team collaboration are presented in this publication. These papers provide a foundational background to help junior faculty members with collaborating in teams both clinically and academically. This list may also inform senior faculty and faculty developers about the needs of junior faculty members.
A writer's guide to education scholarship: Quantitative methodologies for medical education research (part 1)
Authors: Thoma Brent , Camorlinga Paola , Chan Teresa M. , Hall Andrew Koch , Murnaghan Aleisha , Sherbino Jonathan
Published: November 2024

Background: Quantitative research is one of the many research methods used to help educators advance their understanding of questions in medical education. However, little research has been done on how to succeed in publishing in this area.

Objective: We conducted a scoping review to identify key recommendations and reporting guidelines for quantitative educational research and scholarship.

Methods: Medline, ERIC, and Google Scholar were searched for English-language articles published between 2006 and January 2016 using the search terms, "research design," "quantitative," "quantitative methods," and "medical education." A hand search was completed for additional references during the full-text review. Titles/abstracts were reviewed by two authors (BT, PC) and included if they focused on quantitative research in medical education and outlined reporting guidelines, or provided recommendations on conducting quantitative research. One hundred articles were reviewed in parallel with the first 30 used for calibration and the subsequent 70 to calculate Cohen's kappa coefficient. Two reviewers (BT, PC) conducted a full text review and extracted recommendations and reporting guidelines. A simple thematic analysis summarized the extracted recommendations.

Results: Sixty-one articles were reviewed in full, and 157 recommendations were extracted. The thematic analysis identified 86 items, 14 categories, and 3 themes. Fourteen quality evaluation tools and reporting guidelines were found. Discussion This paper provides guidance for junior researchers in the form of key quality markers and reporting guidelines. We hope that quantitative researchers in medical education will be informed by the results and that further work will be done to refine the list of recommendations.
A writer’s guide to education scholarship: Qualitative education scholarship (part 2)
Authors: Chan Teresa M. , Ting Daniel K. , Hall Andrew Koch , Murnaghan Aleisha , Thoma Brent , McEwen Jill , Yarris Lalena M.
Published: November 2024

Objective

Education scholarship can be conducted using a variety of methods, from quantitative experiments to qualitative studies. Qualitative methods are less commonly used in emergency medicine (EM) education research but are well-suited to explore complex educational problems and generate hypotheses. We aimed to review the literature to provide resources to guide educators who wish to conduct qualitative research in EM education.

Methods

We conducted a scoping review to outline: 1) a list of journals that regularly publish qualitative educational papers; 2) an aggregate set of quality markers for qualitative educational research and scholarship; and 3) a list of quality checklists for qualitative educational research and scholarship.

Results

We found nine journals that have published more than one qualitative educational research paper in EM. From the literature, we identified 39 quality markers that were grouped into 10 themes: Initial Grounding Work (preparation, background); Goals, Problem Statement, or Question; Methods (general considerations); Sampling Techniques; Data Collection Techniques; Data Interpretation and Theory Generation; Measures to Optimize Rigour and Trustworthiness; Relevance to the Field; Evidence of Reflective Practice; Dissemination and Reporting. Lastly, five quality checklists were found for guiding educators in reporting their qualitative work.

Conclusion

Many problems that EM educators face are well-suited to exploration using qualitative methods. The results of our scoping review provide publication venues, quality indicators, and checklists that may be useful to EM educators embarking on qualitative projects.
Vigilance and validity: the necessity of assessment system surveillance to ensure equity in emergency medicine
Authors: Chan Teresa M. , Li-Sauerwine Simiao , Monteiro Sandra , Ngo Quang
Published: November 2024

Dayal and colleagues found persistent differential attainment of emergency medicine (EM) milestones between male and female residents amongst a large cohort of training programs, suggestive of significant bias. Since then, many groups have looked to their own contexts to seek out the presence or absence of these gender gaps. To this end, we would like to applaud Ingratta et al. in this issue of CJEM for contributing to this important work, given the emphasis many institutions are placing on this topic and measures to try and counteract these biases. This team sought to examine whether gender differences existed in the quality of their workplace-based assessments (WBAs). This work is important as part of a process of continuous quality improvement of a program of assessment as issues pertaining to equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) require high-quality data as an input.  
Program evaluation: An educator's portal into academic scholarship
Authors: Hosseini Shera , Yilmaz Yusuf , Shah Kaushal , Gottlieb Michael , Stehman Christine R , Hall Andrew K. , Chan Teresa M.
Published: November 2024

Program evaluation is an "essential responsibility" but is often not seen as a scholarly pursuit. While Boyer expanded what qualifies as educational scholarship, many still need to engage in processes that are rigorous and of a requisite academic standard to be labelled as scholarly. Many medical educators may feel that scholarly program evaluation is a daunting task due to the competing interests of curricular change, remediation, and clinical care. This paper explores how educators can take their questions around outcomes and efficacy of our programs and efficiently engage in education scholarship. The authors outline how educators can examine whether training programs have a desired impact and outcomes, and then how they might leverage this process into education scholarship.
Supporting open, collaborative, evidence-based scholarship: considering the future of perspectives on medical education
Authors: Driessen Erik , Maggio Lauren A. , Chan Teresa M. , Tolsgaard Martin , Winston Kal
Published: November 2024

[para. 2]: "In 2021, Perspectives on Medical Education (PME) was selected for Web of Science and assigned an impact factor of 2.974 (2021). We thank our many readers, (including teachers, researchers, educational developers and policy makers), and authors who have found their way to the journal for this achievement. Article downloads have increased from 13,472 (2013) to 474,632 (2020) and manuscript submissions from 178 (2013) to 842 (2020). This increased visibility may be both a cause and consequence of the journal’s selection not only for Web of Science, but also MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). We also have our own Wikipedia page and several PME articles have been featured on the KeyLiME podcast."
GridlockED as an Intervention for Nurses (GAAIN) Study
Authors: Chan Teresa M. , Bodnariuc Nicole , Nandeesha Nandini , Kodis Jennifer , O'Connor Clare , Mondoux Shawn , Pardhan Alim , Chen Ruth
Published: November 2024

Background: GridlockED (The Game Crafter, LLC) is a serious game that was developed to teach challenges that face nursing and medical professionals in the emergency department (ED). However, few studies have explored nurses' perceptions of the utility, fidelity, acceptability, and applicability of the serious game modality. This study examined how ED nurses view GridlockED as a continuing education platform.

Method: This single-center observational study explored how nurses engage with and respond to Grid-lockED. The convenience sample included participants recruited from a local continuing nursing education day. Participants completed a presurvey, engaged in a full game play session with the GridlockED game for approximately 45 minutes, and immediately completed a post-game play survey.

Results: Of the 48 participants (11 male, 37 female; 44 of 48 were RNs), most (91%) agreed that the workflow reflected in the game was equivalent to the flow in a typical ED. Almost all (96%) found the cases in the game reflective of real ED patients, and most (92%) found the game a useful educational tool to prepare new nurses to transition into the ED environment.

Conclusion: The GridlockED game shows potential as a serious game to support nursing education, particularly for new ED nurse orientation and transition to ED practice. 
What Are the Real-World Podcast-Listening Habits of Medical Professionals?
Authors: Roland Damian , Thoma Brent , Tagg Andrew , Woods Jason , Chan Teresa M. , Riddell Jeffrey
Published: November 2024

Introduction Educational podcasts are increasingly being utilized by health professionals for continuing education, but how they are being used remains poorly understood. Given their extensive reach, they represent a phenomenal opportunity for researchers to engage in knowledge translation of their scholarly works. The design, study, and effectiveness of these resources should be informed by a deeper understanding of their pragmatic usage. We aimed to prospectively determine the pragmatic, real-world listening habits of health professionals. Methods We performed a prospective observational study of a broad, interprofessional sample of participants (medical students, residents, physicians, nurses, physician assistants, and paramedics) recruited through a multimodal social media (Twitter and Facebook) campaign. Recruitment materials included an infographic and study website. Participants listened to eight podcasts and described their use of each in subsequent questionnaires. Results A total of 393 participants enrolled in the study, and 241 completed the survey for all eight podcasts. Listening behaviors were consistent across the podcasts with the majority selecting a normal speed of playback and engaging in concomitant activities such as driving. One-third of participants paused the podcasts due to interruption. Conclusion We describe the prospective use of medical podcasts by a cohort of health professionals. This work should inform the role of podcasts in the communication of medical research.
Management of Educational Institutions through Information Systems for Enhanced Efficiency and Decision-Making
Authors: Sunarjo Richard Andre , Chakim Mochamad Heru Riza , Maulana Sabda , Fitriani Gaby
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the application of information systems in the management of educational institutions, aiming to enhance operational efficiency and support informed decision-making processes. Educational institutions face growing demands for streamlined administration and resource optimization, which form the background of this study. The objective is to assess the effectiveness of implementing information systems tailored to manage complex educational processes and institutional needs. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining quantitative analysis of system usage data and qualitative feedback from administrators and educators within various institutions. This method allowed for a comprehensive understanding of the impacts and challenges associated with integrating these technologies. Results reveal that institutions using information systems report significant improvements in administrative efficiency, resource management, and data-driven decision-making capabilities, as well as enhanced stakeholder satisfaction. Furthermore, the findings suggest that well-designed information systems reduce redundant administrative tasks, enabling staff to allocate more time toward core educational activities. In conclusion, the adoption of tailored information systems for educational institutions not only enhances management efficiency but also supports a culture of informed decision-making, paving the way for more responsive and adaptive educational environments. These insights underscore the value of integrating technology into educational administration, offering a strategic path toward more effective institutional management.
Applying Data Science to Analyze and Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Educational Environments
Authors: Anwar Nizirwan , Juanda  , Anderson James , Williams Tane
Published: November 2024

This study explores the application of data science to analyze and improve student learning outcomes within educational environments, responding to the increasing demand for data-driven approaches in education. The objective is to identify key performance indicators that influence learning success and to develop predictive models that support personalized academic interventions. The research applies a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative data analysis from student records and qualitative insights gathered from educational stakeholders. Machine learning algorithms and statistical models are employed to identify patterns and relationships within large datasets, helping to pinpoint factors such as attendance, engagement levels, and assessment performance that most strongly correlate with learning outcomes. Results indicate that predictive models can effectively forecast student performance, allowing educators to proactively support at risk students and tailor learning experiences to individual needs. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that integrating data science tools into educational decision-making can improve not only academic outcomes but also institutional strategies for student success. This study concludes that data science offers substantial potential for enhancing learning environments, enabling a more responsive and personalized education system that supports each student’s unique journey towards academic achievement
Correlation of Side Effects of ARV (Antiretroviral) Drugs with ARV Therapy Compliance in PLWHA at KDS Jombang Care Center Plus of Jombang Regency
Authors: Putri Dessyanti Riska , Daramatasia Wira , Yuliyanik Yuliyanik
Published: November 2024

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) attacks white blood cells, leading to a weakened immune system. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) refers to the set of symptoms caused by the decline in immunity due to HIV. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is used to suppress viral replication, with treatment success largely dependent on adherence to therapy. However, side effects of antiretroviral drugs can negatively impact adherence by causing unwanted symptoms that discourage patients from continuing treatment. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the side effects of antiretroviral drugs and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people with HIV/AIDS in the Jombang Care Center Plus Peer Support Community, Jombang Regency. This study used a cross-sectional design with purposive sampling, involving 38 respondents. Adherence to ART was assessed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) questionnaire, while the side effects of antiretroviral drugs were evaluated using the Group Clinical Trial AIDS questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using Somers' D test. The Somers' D test showed a significant correlation between the side effects of antiretroviral drugs and adherence to therapy (p = 0.002, p < 0.05). This study concludes that side effects of antiretroviral drugs are significantly associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people with HIV/AIDS in the Jombang Care Center Plus Peer Support Community.
Errors in The Assumptions of Bekesy's Traveling Wave Theory
Authors:   Deparment of Otolaryngology Clinic in Mielec, Poland, Myjkowski Jan
Published: November 2024

Hearing theory should serve in learning and understanding the important factors contributing to the reception, processing and transmission of auditory information. Assumptions for theory that is developed should be consistent with the laws of Nature, up to date body of
knowledge and logic. Analyzing in detail Bekesy's obsolete theory of hearing, it can be concluded that these rules were not followed [1].
The reception and transmission of auditory information, as described by the traveling wave theory in humans, must be consistent with
hearing mechanisms in other mammals and birds. Billions of creatures on Earth do not have the basilar membrane and cochlear fluids
and yet they perfectly receive auditory information at frequencies up to 300 kHz. This indicates that there is a different mechanism for
the receptor to receive sound signal. It is possible to transmit the mechanical energy of sound wave directly to the receptor, without the
intermediary of the basilar membrane [2]. The sound wave has no mass, and can be transmitted through the bone housing of the cochlea
directly to the receptor. The information encoded in the sound wave about amplitude, frequency, harmonics, phase shifts, accent, length
of sound and melody is accurately transmitted to the receptor [3]. It is impossible to transmit all this information via the basilar membrane, the resonance of the longitudinal wave with the transverse wave of the basilar membrane, the flow of cochlear fluids, the tilting
of hairs of hair cells and the tip-link mechanism.
Determining Kinetics Parameters of Oxidase-Like Ce/Fe-Bimetallic Nanozymes Toward 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine Oxidation
Authors:   Hormozi Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Iran, Hormozi Jangi Mohammad Reza , Hormozi Jangi Ali Reza ,   Hormozi Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Iran
Published: November 2024

Herein, kinetics parameters, Km and Vmax, of oxidase-like Ce/Fe-bimetallic nanozymes toward 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine
oxidation were determined. The Michaelis–Menten kinetic model was used for the evaluation of the kinetic of the nanozymemediated oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine. To provide the quantitative and accurate values of kinetics parameters, Km
and Vmax, the linear plot of Lineweaver–Burk was constructed. The results exhibited a Vmax as high as 67.56 nM min-1 for the
oxidase-like Ce/Fe-bimetallic nanozymes. Besides, Km was found to be as low as 0.06 mM for the as-prepared nanozymes, revealing
the high affinity of the nanozymes toward 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine. Moreover, the ratio Vmax/Km was estimated as a reliable
index of catalytic efficiency of the nanozymes, revealing a high value of 1.0×10-3 min-1.
DNA Profiling of Dry Umbilical Cord Tissue Unfolds the Mystery of Disowned Dead Female Infant
Authors: B.T. Shah
Published: November 2024

DNA profiling or DNA fingerprinting, has revolutionized forensic science and greatly enhanced the ability of law enforcement
to match perpetrators with crime scenes. DNA typing has become an invaluable tool in criminal investigations and has led to
the resolution of numerous cases. Forensic DNA profiling plays an important role in paternity testing. Using this advanced
vital tool, one can provide accurate scientific evidence of the biological parents. In present case, DNA profiling proved to
be an inevitable tool to establish the paternity of a piece of small dry umbilical cord tissue of disowned female infant and
helps to reach the real culprit and hence the justice prevails in this case.
Forensic Entomology: Insects as a Toxicological Indicator and Impact of Drugs and Toxins on Insect Development
Authors: Sanjay Bhujbal Anjali , Raju Elda , Thakar Sandip Rajesh , Rasherao Abhijeet Sitaram ,   India
Published: November 2024

Entomotoxicology is a modern branch of forensic entomology. The use of insects to determine the possible presence of drugs, toxins
or any other pollutants in the corpse. It moreover studies the effects of drugs or toxins on the development of arthropods and thereby
to estimate the post mortem interval. Post mortem interval determination is one of the most important aspects in legal medicine.
Use of insects as an alternative matrix for drug detection is well documented and recommended when conventional matrices such as
blood, urine or internal organs are no longer available. Drugs within a corpse may affect the development rate of insects that feed on
them. Carrion flies feed on dead bodies and may consume the toxic substances found within them. The toxic substances can further
be extracted from those insects and can be analysed by gas chromatography /mass spectrometry.
Bloodstain Pattern Examined on Fabric Surfaces
Authors:   Scientific Assistant, Forensic Science laboratory, India, Pakhare Rushikesh , Rasherao Abhijeet , Sabale Suhas ,   Assistant Director, chemical Analyser, India, Harel Vilas ,   Assistant chemical Analyser, India, Kankute S. D. ,   Deputy Director, chemical Analyser, India, Ghumatkar Sangeeta ,   Director, chemical Analyser, India
Published: November 2024

The emergence of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA) as a vital tool for forensic investigators. It has been used in criminal
investigations since the 1800s. Bloodstains are a common by-product of violent crime and analysis of the pattern of these
stains. Is very important in crime scene investigation. The blood found on his clothing can be routinely analysed by DNA
technique, but the analysis of bloodstain patterns can often give valuable clues as to how the blood came to be where it
was found, hence the pattern might only comprise one, or a small number of stains.
Need for Alteration of Undercover Operations in The Frame of European Legislation for The Successful Suppression of Organized Illegal Immigrant Trafficking and The Associated Transportation of Individuals Enmeshed in Terrorism
Authors:   PhD in Criminal Law - Lawyer, Adjunct teaching professor at the National Police School of Senior Officers in Greece, Papanikolaou Anastasia
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the present article is to make an effective proposal for combating terrorist attacks related to illegal
migration. It is stated that terrorist attacks and illegal immigration are organized criminal phenomena that are
occasionally interconnected. The peculiarity of these crimes is that they radically affect societies and that combating
preparatory illegal acts for their perpetration does not restrain the entire criminal activity. Under these circumstances it
results that undercover operations are an effective, penetrative means of preventing organized criminal activities. Finally,
it is concluded that the confluence of two particularly serious crimes leads to the proposal for adopting a new (more
penetrative) type of undercover operation through the prism of the principle of proportionality.
Future Studies in the Field of Memory and Cognition Based an Astrocyte
Authors:   Private practice, Iran, Baghmaleki Majid Karimi
Published: November 2024

Since the theory of “astrocytes store for memory and cognition” has no contradiction with new and old scientific
achievements in terms of memory and cognition, and it is consistent with both the theory of the involvement of talin
proteins and the theory of long-term potentiation (LTP) in synapses, it may solve the upcoming deadlocks (problems) if
future studies are conducted focusing on astrocytes instead of neurons.
Mathematical resilience and learning climate in view of learning style: The impact of improving mathematical reasoning in vocational schools
Authors: Halisna M. Iqbal Maulana , Sunismi Sunismi , Fuady Anies
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of mathematical resilience and learning climate on the mathematical reasoning of Vocational High School (SMK) students, as well as examine the role of learning style as a moderating variable. Mathematical resilience, which reflects students' ability to persist in facing difficulties in learning mathematics, as well as a positive learning climate, is thought to have an important contribution to mathematical reasoning abilities. The research used a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at two vocational schools in Malang with 200 respondents. Data was collected through mathematical resilience questionnaires, learning climate, learning styles, and mathematical reasoning tests, then analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 software. Validity and reliability tests showed that all instruments used met the criteria determined, with an AVE value above 0.5 and a Composite Reliability value above 0.7, indicating a valid and reliable instrument. All indicators used in this research also met the significance test with a p-value below 0.05. The research results show that mathematical resilience has a significant influence on students' mathematical reasoning (path coefficient 0.237, t-statistic 3.803, p-value 0.000). The learning climate was also proven to have a positive effect on mathematical reasoning (path coefficient 0.287, t-statistic 4.125, p-value 0.000). However, learning style does not significantly moderate the influence of mathematical resilience on mathematical reasoning. Still, it plays a moderate role in the relationship between learning climate and mathematical reasoning (t-statistic 2.102, p-value 0.036). These findings provide insight into the importance of learning strategies that support resilience and learning climate to improve students' mathematical reasoning abilities at the vocational secondary education level.
El Turismo decimonónico en el Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Ullauri Donoso Narcisa
Published: November 2024

Material sobre el periodo no es difícil de encontrar, sin embargo, la propuesta del presente libro es la de demostrar que el turismo estuvo presente en el Ecuador en el siglo XIX, y que ciertas premisas sobre su historia en el país se pueden refutar a partir de la investigación en fuentes primarias, que han posibilitado presentar un nuevo capítulo en la historia del turismo ecuatoriano en el siglo XIX, desde una perspectiva de documentos y publicaciones.
96 páginas
ISBN: 978-9942-645-35-7
e- ISBN: 978-9942-645-36-4
Presupuestos: Un enfoque práctico
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Piedra-Aguilera Marco Antonio , Cubero-Abril Teodor ,   Universidad del Azuay
Published: November 2024

En un mundo económico en constante evolución, las empresas y organizaciones enfrentan la necesidad de tomar decisiones rápidas y fundamentadas. Este libro se enfoca en el papel crucial de los presupuestos en la planificación y control dentro de cualquier entidad, ya sea del sector público o privado. A lo largo de catorce capítulos, se ofrece un recorrido detallado desde los conceptos básicos de los presupuestos hasta su elaboración, análisis y presentación en estados financieros proyectados. A través de explicaciones claras y ejercicios prácticos, el lector adquiere las herramientas necesarias para estructurar la planificación de actividades operativas, de inversión y financieras, permitiendo así una toma de decisiones más acertada y oportuna. Además, se incluye una colaboración especial que aborda técnicas avanzadas de previsión de ventas, enriqueciendo el contenido y proporcionando un enfoque integral a la gestión presupuestaria.
230 páginas
ISBN: 978-9942-670-29-8
e- ISBN: 978-9942-670-30-4
Por encima de mí me sobrevuelo
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Ramón Inés
Published: November 2024

Inés Ramón cursó la carrera de letras en la Universidad Nacional de la Planta. Durante diez años ejerció como profesora de Lengua y Literatura en esta ciudad. En el año 2001 trasladó su residencia a España. En España siguió cursos de poesía en la Escuela de Escritores de Madrid y en el Aula de Escritores de Barcelona. Ha publicado Circular a veces (Zaragoza, 2012): Un esqueleto cóncavo (Ávila, 2012) Hallarse en la caída (Zaragoza, 2013); Vatéuveiv (Anatémnein) (Madrid, 2016); y, junto a Irene Vallejo, La mañana descalza (Zaragoza, 2018). Su publicación más reciente es una antología de título Bajo un sol incompleto (Zaragoza, 2024) . Ha sido incluida en numerosas antologías y participando activamente en la vida cultura de Aragón.
Creó y dirigió dos espacios radiofónicos dedicados a la poesía. Fundó y presidió la Asociación Literaria Poiesis, coordinando a través de ella múltiples y diversas actividades literarias. Es columnista habitual de la publicación Compromiso y Cultura y del Diario de Teruel. Ha impartido talleres de escritura creativa en diversos colegios (CEIPs) del Bajo Aragón Histórico, así como talleres de escritura creativa para personas con discapacidad intelectual. En 2015 obtuvo la <> que otorga el Fondo Poético Internacional y en 2019 recibió el Premio Mariano Nipho de las Artes.
Su poesía está traducida al japonés, alemán, neerlandés, italiano y francés.
99 páginas
ISBN: 978-9942-670-31-1
e-ISBN:978-9942-670-32-8
Modification of clinical profile of stroke in atrial fibrillation patients. Effect of antithrombotic treatment
Authors: Moltó-Jordà J.M. , Gracia-Fleta F. , Carneado-Ruiz J. , Bustos S. , Oliver-Navarrete C. , Hernández-Lorido R. , López-Hernández N. , García-Escrivá A.
Published: November 2024

Background. Atrial fibrillation is present in 2-4% of the population over 60 and it increases the risk of stroke by 2,4%-3%/year. Antithrombotic treatment is considered as the treatment of choice for cardioembolic stroke prevention in this patients. As far as we know there are not relevant data about the influence of these treatments on the type of stroke that may develop in these patients. AIM Analyze whether there are differences in the clinical profile and functional prognosis after stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation depending on the type of treatment they were on at the time of occurrence of the event. PATIENTS AND METHODS We identified 67 patients who were admitted consecutively to our stroke unit with a stroke and atrial fibrillation over a period of 2 years. Patients were classified according to the type of antithrombotic treatment they were on. Functional prognosis was estimated by Rankin score at discharge. RESULTS Treated patient showed a non-significant tendency to suffer less severe strokes and present a better functional situation at discharge than those who were not on prophylactic treatment. Treated patients had a significant higher prevalence of previous TIA (44,2% vs 9,1%; p= 0,0042) and HBP (81,4% vs 52%; p= 0,041) than non-treated patients. Embolic strokes were more frequent in non-treated patients. CONCLUSION. Antithrombotic treatment not only prevents strokes but may also contribute to the development of less severe strokes with a better functional prognosis in patients with AF and does not contribute to increase complications in these group of patients.
Intranasal and buccal midazolam in the treatment of acute seizures
Authors: Adín J. , Pena-Pardo M.A. , Herranz J.L. , Armijo J.A.
Published: November 2024

AIMS. There are several personal and social problems involved in the administration of rectal diazepam that make it unsuitable for use in public places and by non-medical workers, in children and especially in teenagers and adults. Intranasal and oral midazolam could be an alternative to rectal diazepam. We review the efficacy and safety of these ways of administering midazolam, which is already used in some countries as a sedative and as an anticonvulsive drug, despite the fact that it has not yet received authorisation. DEVELOPMENT. Intranasal midazolam (INM) was first used as a sedative in dental extractions, echocardiography, endoscopies or surgery, especially in children. After proving its efficacy electroencephalographically in patients with seizures, it started to be used to interrupt acute seizures. In three randomised trials, the efficacy of intranasal and oral midazolam in hospitalised patients was similar to, and even higher than, that of intravenous or rectal diazepam, with a similar speed of action and safety; no studies have been conducted, however, in the extra-hospital milieu and its risk of respiratory depression may be like that of other benzodiazepines. One of the problems of using the parenteral solution for intranasal administration is the irritation that is produced by its acidic pH and the relatively large volume that has to be administered. These problems could be reduced by using aerosols containing a solution of midazolam in cyclodextrin, which accomplishes a greater concentration with a pH that is less acidic. Oral administration can be used in patients with nasal secretions or intense movements of the head. CONCLUSIONS Intranasal or oral midazolam can improve the treatment of acute seizures in the hospital milieu and, more especially, in the extra-hospital milieu when patients are attended by non-medical staff. There is a need, however, for trials that prove its efficacy and safety in this situation.
Episodic disseminated inflammation of the central nervous system. Case mix review over a 13-year period
Authors: Bajo-Delgado A.F. , Peña-Segura J.L. , Diago R. Cabrerizo de , Díaz-Suárez M. , García-Bodega O. , López-Pisón J.
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION Episodic disseminated inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS) presents in processes that are difficult to differentiate, such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADE) and its multiphasic variants, and multiple sclerosis (MS). Magnetic resonance imaging allows these problems to be identified more frequently than in the past. PATIENTS AND METHODS We carried out a retrospective study of the cases of episodic disseminated inflammation of the CNS, according to clinical features and compatible neuroimaging, at the Neuropaediatric Unit of the Hospital Infantil Miguel Servet, between May 1990 and August 2003. RESULTS Of the 6777 children evaluated over this period, 10 met the eligibility criteria, with a minimum age at onset of 2 years and 2 months. In four cases there was a history of an infectious process or vaccination. Clinical involvement was multisymptomatic, the most frequent being ataxia, dysmetry, tremor, drowsiness, paresis and cranial nerve involvement. Six of them had cerebrospinal fluid disorders and only two presented disorders in the fundus oculi. Five of them were given corticoid treatment. Progress was favourable, except in two cases: one due to the persistence of a corticoid-dependent optical neuropathy and the other because of dyskinesia in the right hand. Discussion. Diagnosis of ADE is established by signs of multifocal clinical involvement and neuroimaging, and depends on a compatible progression. Prognosis is generally good and corticoids seem to be effective, at least in shortening the time the clinical features last. It is not possible to completely differentiate it from MS, especially in recurring forms. Clinical and magnetic resonance controls must be carried out.
Memory. An introduction to the study of the cognitive disorders in normal and pathological aging
Authors: Casanova-Carrillo C. , Casanova-Carrillo P. , Casanova-Sotolongo P.
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION As the life expectancy of the population rises, there is also an increase in the frequency of the diseases that appear in the elderly. Aging can be healthy or pathological, but the borderline between the two is still a bit fuzzy. DEVELOPMENT. With the increase in the longevity of the population, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and other illnesses linked to the aging process have become more common, above all in people between 65 and 85 years of age. The cognitive aspects that, in clinical practice, are most frequently seen to be involved are memory, attention, executive functions and the speed at which information is processed; these are the most common in these patients but the most severe and insidious as well as the first to appear are problems affecting memory. The physiological mechanism behind memory has still not been wholly explained. The modulation of many of the cognitive processes given by the cerebellum expands the borders in the study of the different mnemonic processes. The prefrontal cortex plays an essential role in controlling attention and in the mnemonic filing system required to supervise and modulate sensory-motor processing and the basic complex actions of cognition, emotion and human behaviour. CONCLUSIONS The neuroanatomical, psychological and neurophysiological foundations of memory are very complex and involve the intervention of a number of structures that, within a single integrated context, each contribute to the overall functioning.
Olfactory seizures and parasellar meningioma
Authors: Fernández-Izquierdo S. , Piqueras-Rodríguez L. , López-Hernández N. , Mallada-Frechín J. , Medrano V.
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION Partial olfactory seizures are infrequent. They are related to the presence of lesions in the uncinate area of the temporal lobe. Patients describe smells during the ictal phase that are generally unpleasant. We report the cases of two patients with olfactory disorders of a paroxysmal nature caused by a parasellar meningioma. CASE REPORTS. Case 1: a 43-year-old male who presented paroxysmal episodes in which he perceived a bitter smell, with dysphoria, linked to the presence of a left-side parasellar meningioma. Case 2: a 45-year-old female who presented paroxysmal episodes during which she could smell formaldehyde and this was linked to the presence of a left-side parasellar meningioma. DISCUSSION Olfactory seizures are related to structural alterations to the amygdala. The most frequent causes are associated to the presence of mesial temporal sclerosis and, above all, to tumours situated in the temporomesial structures that have diverse aetiologies.