bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CARDIOMETABOLIC PROFILE IN RELATION TO CMDS STAGING IN YOUNG ADULTS
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, SINEGLAZOVA ALBINA V. , PARVE SWAPNIL D. ,   Kazan State Medical University, FAKHRUTDINOVA ALIYA S. ,   Kazan State Medical University, KIM TAISIYA YU. ,   Kazan State Medical University, NURIEVA ALBINA R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, ASATULLINA ZEMFIRA R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, MUSTAFINA GUZEL R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, NURMIYEVA LILIYA S. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The burden of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and the associated mortality remains high. One classification system that predicts the development of cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes mellitus is Cardiometabolic Disease Staging (CMDS). The study of new cardiometabolic profile parameters is relevant in the context of their association with residual cardiovascular risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cardiometabolic profile, including extended parameters, in young adults, while taking into account the CMDS. Materials and Methods. 185 male and female subjects aged 35.0 [30.0–39.0] years were examined. The participants were divided into groups according to the CMDS classification: Stage 0, metabolically healthy; Stage 1 (low risk), one or two risk factors (RFs) other than prediabetes; Stage 2 (intermediate risk), presence of ≥3 risk factors or prediabetes; Stage 3 (high risk), presence of ≥3 risk factors and prediabetes. The study examined visceral adiposity index, visceral fat level, insulin resistance, leptinemia, hyperuricemia, glomerular filtration rate, C–reactive protein, and N–terminal brain natriuretic peptide concentrations. The data were processed in SPSS Statistics 26. Results and Discussion. The cardiometabolic profile demonstrated unfavorable alterations with the progression of CMDS stages. Across the spectrum from CMDS 0 to CMDS 3, we observed a significant rise in the prevalence of abdominal obesity (0% to 100%, p<0,001), body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 (16.2% to 100%, p<0.001), and excess visceral fat level (0% to 23.8%, p<0.001). Simultaneously, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia demonstrated a significant rise (24.3% to 52.4%, p=0.025), as did elevated low–density lipoprotein cholesterol (32.4% to 76.1%, p=0.014), insulin resistance (2.7% to 66.7%, p<0.001), leptinemia (45.9% to 90.5%, p=0.009), C–reactive protein (2.7% to 57.1%, p<0.001) and hyperuricemia (16.2% to 61.9%, p<0.001). The median values of these parameters also increased. Conclusions. Our data confirm the simultaneous increase in both the quantity and intensity of risk factors, manifestations of adiposopathy associated with increasing residual cardiovascular risk. Our results substantiate the feasibility of using the CMDS classification at the stage of primary prevention of cardiometabolic diseases to identify groups with the most significant metabolism disorders of lipid, carbohydrate and purine metabolism in young adults.
EFFECTIVENESS OF TYMPANOSTOMY TUBES IN CHILDREN WITH AUDITORY TUBE DYSFUNCTION
Authors:   Tashkent State Dental Institute, USMANOVA NILUFAR A. , MAKHKAMOVA NIGORA E. ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute, BALTABAEV OLIMJON K. ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute, ABDUVALIEV ABDUVORIS A. ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute
Published: September 2024

Introduction. In the modern world, we observe the rapid development pace of surgical technologies, on the one hand, and the existing eco-climatic factors that contribute to the increase in infectious and inflammatory diseases among the child population, on the other hand. All this contributes to the fact that surgical treatment of a pathology appears more effective along with conservative treatment. Aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of installing tympanostomy tubes in pediatric patients with symptoms of exudative otitis media and auditory tube dysfunction. Materials and Methods. The study included 38 children with symptoms of exudative otitis media and the auditory tube dysfunction. Research methods included endoscopic assessment of the nasal cavity and ears, tympanometry, and the 3D x-ray examination of the paranasal sinuses. All data obtained in the study was entered into Excel summary tables. After dividing the data into comparison groups, the group means and their standard errors were calculated. Dynamic comparisons were performed using paired Student’s t-test. Results and Discussion. In patients with bilateral shunting, subjective hearing recovery was observed, which was 75% of patients who could not undergo threshold audiometry; patients who underwent audiometry showed 60% complete hearing recovery and 40% recovery within 5-10 dB 1 month after surgery. Conclusions. In the group of patients with unilateral installation of shunts, it also showed high rates of hearing recovery. It is also worth noting that there are high rates of recurrence of an episode of otitis media after paracentesis without placement of tympanostomy tubes.
OBESITY. PHENOTYPES AND COMORBIDITY IN THE EARLY STAGES OF THE CARDIOMETABOLIC CONTINUUM
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, NURIEVA ALBINA R. , SINEGLAZOVA ALBINA V. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: September 2024

Abstracts. Introduction. The increase in the total number of obese individuals worldwide, particularly in Russia, a deeper understanding of adipose tissue metabolism, the emergence of new methods to identify it, the younger age of patients with increased body weight, and the need for developing evidence-based preventive strategies for obesity- related comorbid diseases determine the importance of studies in this area. Aim. The aim of the study was to review medical literature containing information on diﬀerent types of obesity and their role in formation of comorbidity at the initial stages of the cardiometabolic continuum. Materials and Methods. Review and analysis of articles published between 2013-2024 (PubMed, eLibrary, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate) devoted to the study of heterogeneity of adipose tissue and its association with the early formation of obesity-related comorbidities. Results and Discussion. Complex pathogenic mechanisms for development of certain somatic pathologies in general, abdominal, and visceral obesity are observed due to the heterogeneity of adipose tissue. To date, it has been shown that general obesity mostly associated with the development of arterial hypertension, gastroesophageal reﬂux disease, osteoarthritis, obstructive sleep apnea mainly through mechanical eﬀects, and visceral obesity is associated with the developmentof dyslipidemia, prediabetes, arterial hypertension, gastroesophageal reﬂux disease diseases, steatosis of the liver and pancreas, osteoarthritis, obstructive sleep apnea, as manifestations of the inﬂuence of adiposopathy. Number of diseases and severity of comorbidity increases in individuals with the simultaneous presence of general, abdominal, and visceral obesity. In individuals with the simultaneous presence of general, abdominal and visceral obesity, the number of diseases and the severity of comorbidity increases. Conclusions. Literature analysis demonstrated the need for a diﬀerentiated approach to both identifying the type of obesity and the comorbidity associated with it. Further study of the characteristics of comorbidity status in various obesity phenotypes may be useful for developing personalized, evidence-based prevention strategies.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 07 по 13 сентября 2024 г.
Authors: Чумачкова Елена , Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Осина Наталия , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: September 2024

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 Omicron вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 07 по 13 сентября 2024 г.
Vertebral Body Erosions After Glue Embolization of an Aortic Endograft Type II Endoleak
Authors: Hu Jesse , Geraghty Patrick J , Gupta Munish
Published: September 2024

Case:

We present a case of a 66-year-old man with lumbar vertebral body erosions after glue embolization of a Type II endoleak secondary to endovascular repair of an infrarenal aortic aneurysm. Multiple biopsies of the affected vertebrae were culture-negative confirming no evidence of infection. He underwent posterior spinal fusion from L2 to L5 with complete resolution of mechanical low back pain and improved functional outcomes.

Conclusion:

Vertebral body osseous erosion is a rare complication of aortic endoleak intervention that can be successfully treated with spinal fusion.
Immobile to Ambulation: Complex Multijoint Pathologies in a Patient with Advanced HIV Disease
Authors: Samuel Justin T. , Nwokeji Imani N. , Ali Sehrish , Jakkula Nityananda Rao , Fung Jonathan , Campbell Andrew , Singanamala Naveen
Published: September 2024

Case:

A 30-year-old man with a history of advanced HIV disease (AHD) presented with bilateral equinocavus, leg, and foot muscle paresis, Brooker grade 4 heterotopic ossification of hips and knee stiffness, and was unable to sit upright, stand independently, or walk. Electromyography showed demyelinating sensorimotor and axonal polyneuropathy of lower extremities. Multiple surgeries of bilateral hips, ankles, and feet enabled joint mobility, plantigrade feet, and independent ambulation.

Conclusion:

Patients with AHD may develop multijoint pathologies, secondary to HIV, antiretroviral therapy, or prolonged immobility, resulting in loss of ambulation and independence. Restoring ambulation may necessitate multiple surgeries, with potential for success.
Injury to the Superior Gluteal Artery During Minimally Invasive Sacroiliac Joint Fusion
Authors: Laynes Renzo A. , Aravindan Shreyaas , Wharton Benjamin , Layne Jonathan E. , Kleck Christopher J. , Patel Vikas V.
Published: September 2024

Case:

A rarely reported complication with sacroiliac joint fusion (SJF) is an iatrogenic injury to the superior gluteal artery (SGA). This case series includes 3 cases which had a suspected injury to the SGA. Case 1 describes how hemostasis achieved with exploration of the wound followed by embolization by interventional radiology (IR). In Case 2, electrocautery, hemostatic agents, and pressure were used with success. Case 3 highlights the use of IR as the initial method for controlling bleeding.

Conclusion:

This report describes a rare complication during SJF and provides an algorithm to help guide surgeons in decision making.
Bilateral Proximal Humerus Lesser Tuberosity Avulsions in an Adolescent Patient
Authors: Nowell Jared , Cutchen William , Dure Anthony , Ahmed Syed , Niu Emily
Published: September 2024

Case:

Fourteen-year-old boy presented with bilateral proximal humerus lesser tuberosity avulsions after swinging between 2 desks. Injuries were not visualized on radiographs but identified on magnetic resonance imaging. He underwent bilateral open reduction and internal fixation of the bony avulsions. Following repair, he returned to full activities, including sports, without limitations.

Conclusion:

Lesser tuberosity avulsions are rare injuries in the pediatric population that can be missed. Our case is a low energy noncontact mechanism resulting in bilateral injury, highlighting the importance of having a high index of suspicion for this diagnosis in adolescent patients with shoulder pain with normal radiographs.
Long-Term Results After Hallux Valgus Correction with Distal Metatarsal Reversed-L (ReveL) Osteotomy
Authors: Weigelt Lizzy , Davolio Noah , Torrez Carlos , Haug Florian , Kühne Nathalie , Wirth Stephan H.
Published: September 2024

Background:

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term results of hallux valgus correction with a distal metatarsal reversed-L (ReveL) osteotomy.

Methods:

Eighty-eight patients (131 feet) were evaluated after a mean follow-up of 14.2 years (range, 10 to 18 years). Weight-bearing foot radiographs were analyzed preoperatively, at 6 weeks postoperatively, and at the final follow-up for the following parameters: hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) congruence angle, sesamoid position, presence of the round sign, and first MTPJ arthritis. The visual analog scale (VAS) and the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) assessed postoperative pain and function. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses identified risk factors for hallux valgus recurrence and an inferior clinical outcome.

Results:

All radiographic parameters significantly improved at the 6-week follow-up and the final follow-up (p < 0.001). The recurrence rate (HVA >20°) was 14%. A preoperative HVA of >28° (odds ratio [OR], 9.1; p = 0.02) and a 6-week postoperative HVA of >15° (OR, 4.6; p = 0.03) were independent risk factors for recurrence. At the final follow-up, all FAOS subscales resembled high postoperative function (median, 100 points [range of the interquartile range (IQR), 81 to 100 points]). A preoperative body mass index of >30 kg/m2 was associated with lower FAOS quality of life (QOL) (p = 0.04), and postoperative hallux varus was associated with lower FAOS activities of daily living (p = 0.048). Patients with first MTPJ arthritis of grade 2 or higher at the final follow-up had significantly lower FAOS subscales (p < 0.01) except for QOL. Hallux valgus recurrence did not influence the long-term outcome. A symptomatic implant was the main cause of revision (15%). In 94% of cases, the patients were satisfied with the hallux appearance and, in 92% of cases, the patients were satisfied with postoperative pain reduction.

Conclusions:

Hallux valgus correction with a ReveL osteotomy led to high long-term satisfaction rates. A preoperative HVA of >28° and a 6-week postoperative HVA of >15° increased the risk of hallux valgus recurrence. First MTPJ arthritis was the leading cause of inferior clinical results, whereas radiographic hallux valgus recurrence had no impact on the clinical results. First MTPJ arthritis at the final follow-up was associated with an inferior clinical outcome, whereas radiographic hallux valgus recurrence had no impact on the long-term clinical results.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Reglamento del Comité Institucional de Ética en Investigación con animales y biodiversidad
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Reglamento del Comité Institucional de Ética en Investigación con animales y biodiversidad. Versión 1.0 (2017).
Lineamiento – Pagos de derechos de publicación en revistas indizadas de investigaciones de docentes, investigadores y estudiantes de la Universidad
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Lineamiento – Pagos de derechos de publicación en revistas indizadas de investigaciones de docentes, investigadores y estudiantes de la Universidad. Versión 1.0 (2018). Registro histórico. Ver la versión posterior en: https://repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12805/3703
Procedimiento – Solicitud de pago para a revisores y/o asesores (pregrado).
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Procedimiento para la solicitud de pago para a revisores y/o asesores (pregrado) Versión 1.0 (2019).
Nueva oferta académica y vinculación con líneas de investigación y áreas estratégicas
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Nueva oferta académica y vinculación con líneas de investigación y áreas estratégicas publicada en octubre de 2023.
Lineamiento - asignación de bonificación a la producción científic
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Lineamientos para la asignación de bonificaciones – Publicación de artículos científicos. Versión 4.0 (2023). Registro histórico. Ver la versión posterior en: https://repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12805/3701
Long-Term Comparison of Nanosilica and Polyacrylamide/Polyethyleneimine Gels as Water Shutoff Agents in Permeable Matrix
Authors: Ali Ahmed , Al Ramadan Mustafa , Aljawad Murtada Saleh , Almohsin Ayman , Azad Madhar Sahib , Sultan Abdullah
Published: September 2024

The oil and gas industry faces numerous challenges, among which the management of excessive water production is a significant concern. Nanosilica gel is a newly developed silicate gel for water shutoff applications. No investigation has been conducted to evaluate the gel’s performance over an extended period. The objective of this study is to evaluate the long-term performance of nanosilica gel in a permeable matrix over 6 months while also comparing this performance with polyacrylamide/polyethyleneimine (PAM/PEI) gel. Coreflooding experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the nanosilica gel of 75/25 wt% (nanosilica/activator) and PAM/PEI gel (9/1 wt%) on carbonate core samples at 200°F. The experiment involved initial permeability assessment, gel placement, and endurance tests up to 1,000 psi. Additional measurements of computed tomography (CT) scan and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were implemented: CT scans visualized density changes, and NMR measured fluid distribution in the pore system. Then, samples were aged at 167°F for 6 months, with endurance tests (up to 1,000 psi) conducted in the first, third, and sixth months to assess gel-plugging efficiency. The results demonstrated nanosilica gel’s remarkable plugging efficiency, achieving a reduction in permeability from 144.85 md to 0.001 md initially and sustaining differential pressures up to 1,000 psi with minimal leakoff rates. After 6 months, nanosilica gel maintained plugging efficiency above 99.98%, while PAM/PEI gel efficiency reduced to 99.85%. The nanosilica gel achieved slightly better long-term plugging performance than PAM/PEI gel with a maximum leakoff rate of 0.25 cm3/min in 6 months (2.165 cm3/min for PAM/PEI gel). CT scan analysis confirmed effective gel placement within the pore systems, and minimal degradation occurred over time with less significant impact on the efficiency of nanosilica gel compared with PAM/PEI gel.
Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptome identify brain landscape of gene regulatory networks associated with behavioral maturation in honeybees
Authors: Zheng Hao , Mu Xiaohuan , Liu Qun , Ma Jie , Qin Yating , Zhang Zijing , Zhang Yingying , Zhang Nannan , Guo Qunfei , Zhang Pei , Li Denghui , Zhang Ruihua , Ji Qianyue , Jiang Aijun , Wang Yang , Pan Shanshan , Liu Xiawei , Liu Xuemei , Sun Jiahui , Meng Liang , Lu Haorong , Zhang He , Li Qiye , Liu Junnian , Yang Huan-Ming , Wang Jian , Xu Xun , Liu Shanshan , Zhai Yifan , Zheng Li , Liu Yan , Hu Xiaosong , Chen Hao
Published: September 2024

Animal behavior is associated with the gene regulatory network (GRN) coordinating gene expression levels in the brain. The eusocial honeybees with natural behavioral plasticity provide an ideal model for studying the relationship between brain activity and behaviors. Here, using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, we profile the expression changes of 121,247 brain cells associated with the behavioral maturation of honeybees from nursing to foraging outside. We identified 24 subpopulations of brain cells, including Kenyon, glia, optic lobes, and olfactory projection neurons. Compared to non-social insects, Drosophila, the Keyon cells display a high diversity in the mushroom body of honeybees. Integrating spatial and cellular profiles finds that the mushroom body and optic lobes show specifically high activities of the regulons led by different transcription factors. The stripe regulon is activated explicitly in the foragers’ small- and middle-type Keyon cells implicated in spatial learning and navigation behavior. These suggest that the activity of individual brain cells is coordinated by specific GRNs during the behavioral transition of honeybees. Our results provide a deeper understanding of the behavior-associated brain heterogeneity in GRN, which may be a key driver for the division of labor in social life.
NCANet: Integrating Normalized Channel Attention for Enhanced Lightweight Image Classification
Authors: Chentao Qian , Liu Bailin
Published: September 2024

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) have demonstrated remarkable success in various applications.However, deploying these models on mobile or embedded devices is challenging due to constraints such as limited memory, computational resources, and low classification accuracy.We propose a novel design, NCANet (Normalized Channel Attention Network),an enhancedversion of MobileNetV3-large, to address challenges in feature representation within lightweight neural networks.First, the normalized channel attention mechanism is added to adjust the image-feature channel weights so as to improve the recognition accuracy of the model.Second, the MetaACON activation function is introduced, replacing the ReLU activation function to further enhance performance.Third, to minimize computational costs and the number of parameters, we utilize asymmetric 1×5 and 5×1 convolutions to replace the traditional 5×5 convolution. The experimental results on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and ImageNet datasets achieve the highest accuracy 93.24%, 80.12% and 77.9%, respectively.This demonstrates that NCANet exhibits greater efficiency compared to lightweight models and significantly outperforms state-of-the-art networks with lower complexity.
Engraftment of wild-type alveolar type II epithelial cells in surfactant protein C deficient mice
Authors: Dorrello Nicolino Valerio , Predella Camilla , Lapsley Lauren , Ni Keyue , Murray John , Liu Hsiao-Yun , Motelow Joshua , Snoeck Hans-Willem , Glasser Stephan , Saqi Anjali
Published: September 2024

Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) secondary to pulmonary surfactant deficiency is a devastating chronic lung disease in children. Clinical presentation includes mild to severe respiratory failure and fibrosis. There is no specific treatment, except lung transplantation, which is hampered by a severe shortage of donor organs, especially for young patients. Repair of lungs with chILD represents a longstanding therapeutic challenge but cell therapy is a promising strategy. As surfactant is produced by alveolar type II epithelial (ATII) cells, engraftment with normal or gene-corrected ATII cells might provide an avenue to cure. Here we used a chILD disease-like model, Sftpc-/- mice, to provide proof-of-principle for this approach. Sftpc-/- mice developed chronic interstitial lung disease with age and were hypersensitive to bleomycin. We could engraft wild-type ATII cells after low dose bleomycin conditioning. Transplanted ATII cells produced mature SPC and attenuated bleomycin-induced lung injury up to two months post-transplant. This study demonstrates that partial replacement of mutant ATII cells can promote lung repair in a mouse model of chILD-like disease.
BMSC-Exo miR-122-5p facilitates osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through specifically suppressing SPRY2
Authors: Chen Zhiyu , Fan Yizhe , Yang Chengyi , Wang Chenhao , Wang Peng , Cheng Shaolei , Wang Yikai , You Wulin
Published: September 2024

Background
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Exosomes (BMSC-Exo) possess the ability to facilitate bone remodeling, and this mechanism has always been of great interest in the field. Our study aimed to elucidate the impacts of BMSC-Exo on MC3T3-E1, the murine embryonic osteogenic progenitor cells, and the interaction behind.
Methods
We initially extracted and characterized exosomes from BMSCs. Following treatment with GW4869, a compound that inhibits exosome production and release, BMSCs produced exosomes (BMSC-Exo). These were subsequently combined in culture with MC3T3-E1 cells. Upon an application of Phalloidin and PKH26 staining, we observed morphology of the cellular actin fibers and the uptake of exosomes. To evaluate the osteogenic potential of the cells, we utilized Alizarin Red S (ARS) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) staining. Additionally, we measured expressions of osteogenic factors RUNX2, ALP, OSX, OCN, and OPN through qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Afterwards, we intervened with BMSC-Exo with a lentivirus over-expressing miR-122-5p and co-cultured it with MC3T3-E1 cells. To further assess osteogenic differentiation, we conducted additional ARS & ALP staining, along with qRT-PCR and Western blot assays. With the help of dual-luciferase reporter assay, we found that miR-122-5p interacts specifically with SPRY2. Ultimately, we treated MC3T3-E1 cells with a lentivirus over-expressing miR-122-5p and a plasmid over-expressing OE-SPRY2. Osteogenic differentiation was then assessed using ARS & ALP staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blot.
Results
Our laboratory outcomes demonstrated that exosomes derived from BMSC-Exo are instrumental in the advancement of calcified nodule genesis within MC3T3-E1 cells, concurrently amplifying the transcriptional and translational expressions of osteogenic markers (RUNX2, ALP, OSX, OCN, and OPN). These excreted exosomes from the BMSCs modified by a miR-122-5p-over-expressing lentivirus are found to further accelerate osteogenic differentiation of the cells. Moreover, our application of dual-luciferase reporter gene system has elucidated a specific interplay between miR-122-5p and SPRY2. Furthermore, overexpressing of SPRY2 negates the miR-122-5p-induced osteogenic differentiation.
Conclusions
BMSC-Exo facilitates osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells by suppressing SPRY2, a process mediated by miR-122-5p.
Direct TaqMan Assay for the Detection and Genotyping of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Type 1 and 2
Authors: Ullah Shakir , Notsu Kosuke , Saito Akatsuki , Okabayashi Tamaki , Mekata Hirohisa , Isoda Norikazu , Sekiguchi Satoshi
Published: September 2024

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), has a significant economic impact on affected farms worldwide. For effective disease control, it is crucial to select appropriate vaccinations based on the specific genotype of BVDV. Therefore, developing a rapid and reliable assay to detect and genotype BVDV is imperative to control the spread of disease. In this study, we developed a direct TaqMan assay to detect and genotype BVDV type 1 and 2 from bovine serum. The direct BVDV TaqMan assay effectively detected both BVDV1 and BVDV2 with confirmed specificity and showed no cross-reactivity with other viruses (BRSV, BCoV, AKAV, BoHV-1, BPIV-3, BIV, or BLV). Limit of detection (LOD) determination from serum revealed that the assay could detect serum samples with a viral titer of 102 TCID50/mL in two out of three trials for BVDV1 and 102 TCID50/mL across all trials for BVDV2, which was equivalent to the sensitivity of virus isolation. Our findings represent a significant advancement in BVDV detection and typing directly from bovine serum.
Enhancing Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in a Virtual Reality: A Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Kim Bogoan , Jeong Dayoung , Choi Yoonseon , Choi Yoonyoung , Kim Hyungsook , Han Kyungsik
Published: September 2024

The increasing prevalence of depression has highlighted Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) as an effective treatment. However, conventional MBCT has several limitations, including barriers to access, the need for trained professionals, and inconsistent levels of participant engagement. The feasibility of using Virtual Reality (VR) for MBCT has emerged as a promising solution, but its efficacy remains underexplored. This study examines the potential of VR-based treatment to alleviate symptoms of depression. We developed and evaluated introductory mindfulness exercises and a three-session VR-MBCT program and conducted a feasibility study. Using the Meta Quest Pro and the E4 wristband, we collected data from 73 participants and analyzed feasibility, engagement, and behavioral patterns. Results showed high concentration levels, distinct emotional responses, and unique interaction patterns in the depression group. While survey data showed no significant differences between the depression and non-depression groups in terms of the usability and presence of VR, sensor data indicated higher entropy in electrodermal activity for the depression group, suggesting better emotional confrontation. Overall, our study highlighted the user-friendly and immersive aspects of VR-MBCT and its feasibility for alleviating depressive symptoms in individuals with depression.
Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR normalization in dormant cancer cells
Authors: Iskhakova Elina , Aleksandrova Kseniia , Suvorova Irina
Published: September 2024

Recent findings have indicated that pharmacological inhibition of the mTOR kinase can become a widely used experimental approach to generate dormant cancer cells in vitro. However, the suppression of mTOR, which is responsible for global translation, can significantly rewire basic cellular functions influencing the expression of housekeeping genes. To prevent incorrect selection of a reference gene in dormant tumor cells, we analyzed the expression stability of the widely used housekeeping genes GAPDH, ACTB, TUBA1A, RPS23, RPS18, RPL13A, PGK1, EIF2B1, TBP, CYC1, B2M, and YWHAZ in T98G, A549, and PA-1 cancer cell lines treated with the dual mTOR inhibitor AZD8055. It has been revealed that the expression of the ACTB gene, encoding the cytoskeleton, and the RPS23, RPS18, and RPL13A genes, encoding ribosomal proteins, undergoes dramatic changes, and these genes are categorically inappropriate for RT-qPCR normalization in cancer cells treated with dual mTOR inhibitors. B2M and YWHAZ were determined to be the bestl reference genes in A549 cells, and the TUBA1A and GAPDH genes were the best reference genes in T98G cells. The optimal reference genes among the 12 candidate reference genes were not revealed in the PA-1 cell line. Validation of the stability of the 12 investigated genes demonstrated that the incorrect selection of a reference gene led to a significant distortion of the gene expression profile in dormant cancer cells.
Sustainable Materials Through Cultural Integration: From Vintage to Modern Functionality
Authors: Sivasubramanian Ganarajan , Mahesh V. K. , Archana P. , Lasya P. , Sree K.M. , Sreek V. , Pillai V.P. Mahadevan , Sreeka KM
Published: September 2024

This study solemnizes cultural tapestry and material science to engineer sustainable and market-adoptable consumer products, culminating in the design of a standalone transdisciplinary domain, which we call ‘culture-infused material science’. Initially, we designed a holistic conceptual framework propelled by a dynamic and iterative loop that integrates stakeholder empowerment and material innovation, inspiring research and development, education and entrepreneurship. Following this pathway, we transformed a cultural symbol, culinary bronze from the Indian state Kerala into a functional material. A traditional foundry-manufactured sputter target reformed the culinary bronze into a cytocompatible antimicrobial coating. The current work explicitly explores innovations in food contact surfaces for human hygiene and health. We bring out the importance of human acceptance of materials or technology in scientific interventions to be one of the core pillars in the design features of sustainable formulations.
The effect of stop X exercises on balance, strength and range of motion of football players with dynamic knee valgus defect
Authors: chenari rahman hasani , firouzjah ebrahim mohammad ali nasab , roshani sajad
Published: September 2024

Dynamic valgus of the lower limb is known as a risk factor associated with improper muscle function for many lower limb injuries, especially knee injuries. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Stop X exercises on the balance, strength and range of motion (ROM) of football players with dynamic knee valgus (DKV) defect. Thirty football players with dynamic knee valgus defect were selected purposefully and were randomly divided into two groups, control (n = 15) and training (n = 15). Stork tests, Y-balance test (YBT), goniometer, and digital dynamometer were used to evaluate static balance, dynamic balance, ROM, and hip abduction and external rotation strength, respectively. Analysis of covariance and dependent t-tests were used to compare the between and within group differences. There is a significant difference between the groups in the variables of hip abduction and external rotation strength and ROM, static balance and total score of YBT. The results demonstrated that performing Stop X exercises resulted in significant improvements strength and ROM of the hip, static and dynamic balance of football players with DKV defect, which show the importance of using these exercises to improve balance, muscle strength and ROM in this group of football players.
Co-occurring Illicit Fentanyl Use and Psychiatric Disorders in Emergency Department Patients
Authors: Downs Allie , Walter Lauren , Shelton Richard , Li Li
Published: September 2024

This paper sought to describe the characteristics of emergency department (ED) patients with illicit fentanyl use and concurrent psychiatric disorders, as studies within this population of patients is limited. ED patients with a fentanyl-positive urine drug screen were identified, and patient characteristics, medical histories, and test results were extracted. Among the fentanyl positive drug screens of ED patients, the majority were between the ages of 25 and 44, male, white, and uninsured. Additionally, more than one third of these patients had concurrent psychiatric disorders with mood disorders being the most prevalent, followed by psychotic disorders. Patients with co-occurring psychiatric disorders were found to have higher rates of marijuana use, repeat ED visits and/or hospital admissions at six months, and more admissions to psychiatry inpatient settings compared to those patients without co-occurring psychiatric disorders. Concurrent other substance use and rates of buprenorphine prescribing at discharge were not different between the groups; however, rates of naloxone provision at discharge were lower in patients with co-occurring psychiatric disorders. This cohort demonstrates higher healthcare recidivism and utilization.
Beyond the Pandemic: Addressing Post-COVID Conditions and Enhancing Workforce Resilience in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Jhe-Ping , Chen Yu-Wen , Yang Chen-Chang , Yang Ting-An , Hsu Ya-Yuan , Tsao Yu-Chung
Published: September 2024

Background: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 led to a global health crisis, profoundly affecting various aspects of life. Despite Taiwan's effective control measures, the long-term impact of COVID-19 on the workforce remains a concern.
Aims: This study examines the post-COVID conditions and workforce resilience in Taiwan.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to October 2023 among individuals in Taiwan who had contracted SARS-CoV-2. Participants were categorized into two groups: those with post-COVID conditions and those without. Data collected included demographic information, COVID-19 symptoms, health assessments, and work-related factors.
Results: Of 306 respondents, 208 had post-COVID conditions. These individuals exhibited persistent respiratory and neurological symptoms, lower physical and psychological well-being (p<0.001), higher levels of fear of COVID-19 (p=0.013), and increased insomnia severity (p<0.001) compared to healthy controls. Post-COVID conditions also significantly impacted work capacity, with affected individuals reporting higher rates of employment-related changes (p=0.046) and reduced work ability (p<0.001).
Conclusion: This study highlights the enduring challenges faced by the Taiwanese workforce post-COVID-19. Targeted interventions integrating healthcare and employment policies are crucial to support recovery and enhance workforce resilience in the aftermath of the pandemic.
Modeling the Cost of Inaction in Treating Obesity in Canada
Authors: Chen Fang , Sapra Tanvi , Natale Zachary , Dall Timothy M , Patton Ian , Sockalingam Sanjeev
Published: September 2024

Background
Obesity prevalence continues to rise in Canada, highlighting a growing public health concern. This study updates estimates of the societal cost of inaction in treating obesity, emphasizing the significant economic burden stemming from both direct healthcare costs and indirect productivity losses.
Methods
We combined data from national surveys and published literature to estimate the 2023 national economic implications of obesity. Comparing adults with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) to those with healthy weight (25 > BMI ≥ 18.5), we assessed healthcare costs, absenteeism, presenteeism, disability pensions, mortality-related costs, workforce participation, and earnings. Canadian data were used where possible, supplemented by U.S. data, standardized to 2023 CAD$.
Results
The cost of inaction in treating obesity in Canada was $27.6 billion in 2023, including $5.9 billion in direct healthcare and $21.7 billion in indirect costs. Excess healthcare costs are driven by higher utilization of medical services. Indirect costs include approximately $8.2 billion from reduced workforce participation, $6.8 billion from presenteeism, $3.8 billion in lower earnings among employed with obesity, $2.0 billion from lost wages due to premature mortality, $682 million from absenteeism, and $268 million from disability pensions.
Conclusions
The economic implications of not addressing obesity effectively are substantial, emphasizing the urgent need for utilizing effective chronic disease management strategies. Our findings highlight the disproportionate impact on women and the broader economic consequences, underscoring the imperative for tailored policy interventions. Investing in comprehensive, evidence-based obesity management not only enhances individual well-being but also yields significant societal and economic benefits.
A Computational Study of the Size Effect of SiO 2 Spherical Nanoparticles in Water Solvent
Authors: Pérez-Tovar Carlos A. , Hernández-Bravo Raiza , Parra José G. , Camacho Nayeli , Castillo Jimmy , Mujica Vladimiro
Published: September 2024

A computational study was carried out at the molecular level through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to examine how the size of SiO2 spherical nanoparticles (NPs) influences their surface properties due to molecular interactions. This study comprehensively describes the interaction between SiO2 spherical NPs and water molecules as a solvent medium. Our goal is to provide valuable insights into the significance of nanoparticle size in understanding their behavior and the resulting changes in the physical properties of materials. Our results indicate that SiO2 NPs exhibit a strong affinity for water, which increases with the nanoparticle size. This was confirmed by the radial function distribution and hydrogen bond analysis, which revealed a strong interaction between the silanol groups on the SiO2 NPs and the water molecules. The molecular interactions that control the dynamic behavior of the nanoparticle-water system are hydrogen bond, electrostatic, and dipole-dipole interactions. Furthermore, the results of the elasticity values indicated that SiO2 NPs only exhibit a high degree of functionality at specific sizes, making them suitable as a size-dependent filler material.
Comparative Analysis of Different Locations of the Shear Wall in Multi-storey Rc Building on Sloping Ground With Flat Ground
Authors: G Sheshadri , R Arun Kumar S , P Radhika Bhandary
Published: September 2024

This research investigates the seismic behavior of G + 15-story reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, emphasizing the impact of shear wall location on buildings situated on both level and sloping sites. Shear walls offer lateral stability and seismic force resistance in high-rise structures. This study assesses the effectiveness of several shear wall structures in various geological settings. There are differences in the centers of mass and rigidity due to the stiffness and mass distribution in these buildings along the vertical and horizontal directions. Increased seismic damage may result from this inconsistency, particularly in buildings situated on sloping terrain where torsional reactions are more noticeable. Such structures often experience greater displacements and base shear forces, with shorter columns being particularly vulnerable to stress and damage. Additionally, buildings with setbacks, where the floors step back toward the hillside, may exhibit unique seismic vulnerabilities. This study analyzes various shear wall placements and compares the performance of structures on flat ground to those on slopes of 10°, 20°, and 30°. The analysis used the Equivalent Static Method and Response Spectrum Method with ETABS 19.1.0 software. The key metrics were story displacement, story stiffness, and base shear values. The findings provide insights into optimizing shear wall placement to improve seismic resilience under diverse terrain conditions.
ATG16L1 promotes cell migration and invasion in high glucose-induced retinal capillary endothelial cells
Authors: Gao Xinxiao , Xie Pinxue , Feng Wen , Han Jindong , Tan Xiaobo
Published: September 2024

Background
As a common chronic complication of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy (DR) often results in an irreversible visual dysfunction. ATG16L1 might be a potential biomarker of DR. Our study focused on the underlying mechanisms of Atg16L1 in diabetic retinopathy.
Method
In this study, we investigated the role of ATG16L1 in high glucose (HG)-induced retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCECs). Rat RCECs were cultured in normal glucose (NG) or high glucose (HG) medium with or without ATG16L1 transfection.
Results
First, the expression of ATG16L1 mRNA and protein was found to be significantly upregulated in RCECs exposed to HG. Moreover, the migration ability and invasion rate of RCECs in the high glucose group were considerably higher than those in the RCECs of the normal glucose group. The migration ability and invasion rate of RCECs in both normal and high glucose groups decreased significantly after transfection with ATG16L1 siRNA compared to migration and invasion of the RCECs in the control group (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
The results of this study indicated that ATG16L1 might be involved in the development of DR by promoting the migration of RCECs.
Integrated Geophysical Investigations to Identify Promising Locations for Gold Bearing Sulfides Mineralization at Wadi El Abiad, Shalatien Province, Southeastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Salama Hamada , ElGalladi Ahmed , Shaaban Hany
Published: September 2024

The study area represents part of Wadi El Abiad in Shalatien province at the extreme southeastern corner of Egypt. It lies at latitude 22○ 51´ 00˝ and longitudes 35○ 14´ 00˝ to occupy an area of about 0.26 km2. The area is essentially covered by Precambrian basement rocks, mainly granodiorite, and characterized by low to moderate topography. The aim of this study is to locate possible structural features and their deposits of mineralization, which hosted primarily in the shear or alteration zones within volcanic rocks. Therefore, integrated geophysical methods were employed through the use of ground magnetic, self-potential, gradient resistivity and induced polarization reconnaissance mapping and detailed 2D resistivity and induced polarization profiling to delineate the mineral ore deposits in terms of depths and extensions. The inspection of RTP map shows the presence of two major faults affecting middle of the study area trending E-W and major NW-SE uplifted trend appears clearly in the first vertical derivative map (FVD). The calculated average depth from the power spectrum curve equal 60 m for the regional component and 30 m for the residual one. At source parameter image (SPI) and analytical signal (AS) maps, the NE-SW, NW-SE, NEE-SWW and NWW-SEE trends show more shallow depth as the presence of basement rocks. The basement relief map illustrates that, the maximum values of the depth to the basement rocks are located nearly at the central part of the map, at extreme east and west edges in the center of the map, and also at the south edge of the map. The apparent chargeability map shows positive anomalies, about 750 msec, to the south. Three of them are located quite coincident along the interpreted faults derived from the magnetic data and correspond to low SP anomalies, about − 20 mv, and relatively low resistivity anomalies, about 75 Ω.m. Such anomalies indicate possible expected mineralization locations in the subsurface. The results of 2D-resistivity and IP inversions indicated that there are different anomalous zones of high conductivity and chargeability at depths ranging from 10 to 20m to indicate probable locations of ore deposits and/or disseminated minerals. At least three of these anomalies were recommended for core drilling and geochemical analysis to evaluate the mineral potentiality of the study area.
Abnormal brain-heart interplay in insomnia disorder: a transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) study
Authors: Yuan Kai , Wang Zhen , Shao Ziqiang , Du Zhe , Wen Xinwen , Liu Jiayi , Li Yan , Zhao Xumeng , Xue Yan Xue , Sheng Xiaona , Zhu Yifei
Published: September 2024

Insomnia disorder (ID) is not merely a psychiatric disorder but is also closely related to heart health. The role of brain-heart interplay (BHI) in the mechanism of ID and the effect of noninvasive brain stimulation on BHI remains unclear. To explore the BHI in the mechanism of ID and investigate whether tACS affects BHI. Forty-four IDs and 32 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. The IDs received θ-tACS targeting F3 for 10 consecutive days. Synchronous electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were collected for the IDs before and after treatment. Comparisons of bidirectional BHI indexes based on a synthetic data generation (SDG) model, EEG power, and heart rate variability (HRV), were conducted between IDs and HCs at baseline, as well as changes in these measures before and after tACS. Correlations and mediation analyses between BHI and behavioral assessments were also investigated. IDs exhibited significantly higher BHI in both directions. Correlation results indicated that the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was associated with top-down BHI, while the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) was correlated with bottom-up BHI. Additionally, θ-tACS modulated abnormal BHI. Notably, baseline top-down BHI at Fz could predict improvements in sleep quality and depression and mediated the recovery of sleep quality and depression. We extended the hyperarousal theory of ID from a new perspective of BHI. Furthermore, BHI was identified as a potential predictor of clinical outcomes following θ-tACS intervention.