bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplicaciones móviles de salud con respaldo en publicaciones científicas, para la mejora en el ejercicio de la optometría y la oftalmología
Authors: Macana Castro Tatiana Andrea , María Fernanda María Fernanda , Acuña Gómez Johanna Sareth , Jiménez Barbosa Wilson Giovanni
Published: March 2020

Introducción: el desarrollo de aplicaciones móviles en el campo de la salud ha tenido un gran auge, del cual no ha sido ajeno el cuidado de la salud visual. Objetivo: realizar una revisión de la literatura publicada entre 2013 y 2019, referente al diseño y desarrollo de aplicaciones para dispositivos móviles que tengan respaldo en publicaciones científicas, y que pueden apoyar en el ejercicio profesional de la optometría y la oftalmología. Metodología: revisión de literatura de artículos en español e inglés, publicados entre 2013 y 2019, en las bases de datos, en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Medline, Ebsco, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, SciELO, Embase, Springer Journal, Dialnet. Las palabras clave que se usaron para la búsqueda fueron: mhealth, visual health, teleoptometry, e-health, TIC, mobile application visual health, online learning optrometry, mobile optometry technology. Resultados: se evidenciaron pocas aplicaciones en el área de salud visual que estuvieran soportadas en publicaciones científicas. La mayoría de las aplicaciones encontradas son prototipos y aún no han sido utilizadas por los usuarios. Conclusiones: las aplicaciones pueden llegar a transformar la atención en salud visual; sin embargo, falta aún mayor investigación y desarrollo de este tipo de herramientas. La cooperación entre optómetras, oftalmólogos e ingenieros de sistemas es necesaria para impulsar su desarrollo
ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA MAKNA KESENDIRIAN PADA LIRIK LAGU “RUANG SENDIRI” KARYA TULUS
Authors: Nathaniel Axcell , Sannie Amelia Wisda
Published: March 2020

This article explores the meaning of solitude in the lyrics of Tulus' song "Ruang Sendiri" using Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis. There are three expressed meanings namely  denotation, connotation, and myth. To explain all three meanings of solitude in the lyrics of the song are used Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. The research method used is interpretive qualitative method or inductive way of thinking, which is a way of thinking from special to general. To collect data are used study of document  by  searching and obtaining from various sources contained the required data. The results of a semiotic study of the lyrics to the song "Ruang Sendiri" are as follows. The denotation meaning  of the lyrics of the song "Ruang Sendiri " is the desire of the songwriter to feel alone, feel free, and without a lover. The connotation is  boredom to his partner,  not know how his feeling  to his lover. The meaning of the myth is the songwriter wants to convey that solitude, doing anything alone, not always together are something needed by everyone who builds a  love relationship.
Seroprevalensi Antibodi Newcastle Disease (ND) pada Itik di Desa Temuasri, Sempu, Banyuwangi
Authors: Rozi Fachrur , Rahmahani Jola , Purnama Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad , Hamid Iwan Sahrial , Yudhana Aditya , Praja Ratih Novita
Published: March 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeteksi titer antibodi ND pada itik di Desa Temuasri Kecamatan Sempu Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Deteksi antibodi ND diperiksa dengan uji Hemaglutinasi (HA) dan Hambatan Hemaglutinasi (HI). Penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian non-eksperimental dengan metode survei deskriptif. Kegiatan penelitian ini mengambil 72 sampel darah itik di Desa Temuasri Kecamatan Sempu Kabupaten Banyuwangi dengan metode cross-sectional. Serum dipisahkan dari bekuan darah, kemudian serum dipindahkan ke dalam microtube. Sebelum melakukan uji HA dan uji HI, sampel harus diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan Red Blood Cell (RBC) 100% dan diinaktifasi ke dalam waterbath pada 56oC selama 30 menit, tujuannya untuk menghilangkan aglutinin non-spesifik dan menonaktifkan reaksi non-spesifik serum. Uji HI positif ketika menunjukkan pengendapan eritrosit berbentuk titik pada dasar sumuran micoplate. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 20 (27.77%) dari 72 sampel positif ND.
Efektifitas Probiotik Lactobacillus casei dan Lactobacillus rhamnosus Sebagai Pengganti Antibiotic Growth Promoter Terhadap Total Kolesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein dan High Density Lipoprotein Ayam Broiler
Authors: Andriani Anita Dwi , Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita , Karimah Balqis , Hidanah Sri , Al-Arif M. Anam , Soeharsono Soeharsono , Harijani Nenny
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas probiotik Lactobacillus casei dan Lactobacillus rhamnosus sebagai pengganti Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) terhadap total kolesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) dan High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) pada ayam pedaging. Ayam broiler sebanyak 18 ekor day old chick diacak kedalam enam perlakuan (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5) setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 3 ulangan, yakni (P0) 100% pakan basal, (P1) pakan basal+0.01 gram AGP/kg pakan, (P2) pakan basal+probiotik 0.05 gram/kg pakan, (P3) pakan basal+probiotik 0.1 gram/kg pakan, (P4) pakan basal+probiotik 0.025 gram/liter air minum, (P5) pakan basal+probiotik 0.05 gram/liter air minum. Data di analisis menggunakan uji Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian probiotik berbeda nyata (p<0.05) dengan pemberian AGP. Pemberian probiotik L. casei dan L. rhamnosus dengan dosis 0.05 gram/kg pakan, 0.01 gram/kg pakan, 0.025 gram/liter air minum dan 0.05 gram/liter air minum sebagai pengganti AGP dapat menurunkan total Kolesterol dan LDL serta meningkatkan kadar HDL pada ayam broiler. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan probiotik pada pakan dan air minum dapat menurunkan total kolesterol dan LDL serta menaikkan kadar HDL pada ayam broiler.
Importância da utilização de ácido alfa lipóico (ALA) e catalase (CAT) no processo de criopreservação de folículos ovarianos pré-antrais, visando reduzir os danos causados pelo estresse oxidativo
Authors: Silva Luciana Mascena , Lunardi Franciele Osmarini , Rodrigues Giovanna Quintino , Girão Virginia Cláudia Carneiro , Rodrigues Ana Paula Ribeiro
Published: March 2020

A criopreservação de folículos ovarianos pré-antrais é uma perspectiva promissora para a preservação da fertilidade e desenvolvimento de banco de oócitos ou em caso de patologias e terapêuticas que possam comprometer as reservas foliculares. A grande vantagem da criopreservação do tecido ovariano é que independe da idade e fase do ciclo menstrual/estral, além de envolver menos questões éticas e sociais. No entanto, como qualquer exposição de um material biológico a temperaturas extremamente baixas, a criopreservação pode levar a um desequilíbrio na produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs), podendo causar danos celulares. In vivo, as EROS são equilibradas pelo sistema de defesa de antioxidantes, porém, in vitro, a falta do sistema fisiológico, pode levar ao estresse oxidativo. Portanto, antioxidantes vêm sendo utilizados antes ou após a criopreservação, os quais pode-se destacar o ácido alfa lipóico ou ácido tióctico (ALA) e catalase (CAT). Por tanto, o objetivo desse artigo é auxiliar no entendimento da relevância da criopreservação do tecido ovariano para a preservação da fertilidade das fêmeas, bem como o controle na produção de EROS durante o processo, e a necessidade da suplementação de antioxidantes como o ALA e a CAT.
OBLOMOVISMO NA RÚSSIA PRÉ-REVOLUCIONÁRIA
Authors: Costa Mariana Lins
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo consiste numa investigação filosófica do romance Oblómov, publicado por Ivan Gontcharóv na Rússia de 1859, e da recepção desta obra nas mãos de Nikolai Dobroliúbov, cuja crítica “O que é oblomovismo?” se mostrou central ao movimento revolucionário que então ganhava tonalida­des mais extremas. Nesta investigação, apresentaremos e desenvolveremos o conceito de “ideal” oriundo da filosofia da arte de Hegel, demonstrando tanto a sua centralidade para o entendimento do romance quanto para o da noção de oblomovismo.
Modification of Media for Banana In Vitro Propagation with Foliar Fertilizer and Coconut Water in cv. Rajabulu
Authors: Mardhikasari Siti , Yunus Ahmad , Samanhudi Samanhudi
Published: March 2020

The use of foliar fertilizers and coconut water is potential; foliar fertilizer is the alternative medium and coconut water is the plant growth regulator (PGR) in the banana tissue culture. This study aimed to examine the ability of foliar fertilizer to substitute Murashige and Skoog (MS) media and coconut water as the main source of cytokine. There are two factors in this research. The first factor is the media, which consist of three levels, i.e. fully MS, ½ MS + ½ foliar fertilizer and fully foliar fertilizer. The second factor is the coconut water with four levels of concentration i.e. 50, 100, 150 and 200 ml l-1. The results show that fully formulated foliar fertilizer had not been able to substitute or even compete with a fully MS media, but conversely foliar fertilizer was used to substitute ½ MS media. This can be seen from the parameters of shoot length, leaf length, root number and root length with the highest yield that was found in MS media (8.7, 4.66, 3.33 and 3.23 cm). The 50-100 ml l-1 concentrations of coconut water showed the best results by giving a significant effect on the number of roots and root length. The acclimatization of plantlets in this study was nearly 100%, indicated by the formation of a complete organ.
The Effect of Spent Bleaching Earth Filler-Based NPK Fertilization on Proline, Growth and Yield of Maize
Authors: Purba Ranggi Sumanjaya , Irwan Siti Nurul Rofiqo , Putra Eka Tarwaca Susila
Published: March 2020

Spent bleaching earth (SBE) is by-product of cooking oil processing industry of crude palm oil (CPO). Palm oil industry is growing every year, followed by population growth and consumption of cooking oil so that the greater volume of waste generates SBE. An innovation is needed to anticipate the problem of SBE waste in agricultural sector, dealing with a filler component in the production of NPK fertilizer additives. This study aims to determine proline response, growth and yield of the maize to fertilization NPK with SBE-based filler. The experiments used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with the treatments of NPK filler (15:15:15) consisting of BC (brown clay), SBE and DBE (deoiled bleaching earth) at a dose of 6 g polybag-1. The results showed that the use of SBE gave the same effect on plant height, leaf number, stem diameter and 100-seed weight, but the use of SBE could increase 61.15% of proline activity. SBE can substitute filler on the additional materials of NPK fertilizer.
Ghost cell glaucoma after intravitreous injection of ranibizumab in proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: XU Jun , ZHAO Meng , LI Jipeng , LIU Ningpu
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: The development of ghost cell glaucoma in patients with PDR after intravitreous injection (IV) was rare. Here we reported a series of patients with PDR who received Intravitreous Ranibizumab (IVR) and developed ghost cell glaucoma and analyzed the potential factors that might be related to the development of ghost cell glaucoma.
METHODS: Retrospective case series study. The medical records of 71 consecutive eyes of 68 PDR patients who received vitrectomy after IVR from January 2015 to January 2017 were reviewed. The development of ghost cell glaucoma after IVR was recorded. Characteristics of enrolled patients were retrieved from their medical charts. Factors associated with ghost cell glaucoma were compared between eyes with the development of ghost cell glaucoma and eyes without the development of ghost cell glaucoma. Variables were further enrolled in a binary backward stepwise logistic regression model, and the model that had the lowest AIC was chosen.
RESULTS: There were 8 out of 71 eyes of the PDR patients developed ghost cell glaucoma after they received IVR. The interval between detection of elevation of intraocular pressure ( IOP ) and IV ranged from 0 to 2 days. Among them, after IVR, there were two eyes had IOP greater than 30mmHg within 30 minutes, four eyes showed normal IOP at 30 min, and then developed ghost cell glaucoma within 1 day, two eyes developed ghost cell glaucoma between 24 and 48 hours. The mean IOP was 46.5±8.0 mmHg. All patients gained normal IOP after vitrectomy without medicine for lowering IOP. The presence of ghost cell glaucoma was associated with tractional retinal detachment (RR=4.60 [2.02~8.48], p=0.004) and fibrovascular membrane involving disk (RR=-3.57 [-7.59~-0.92], p=0.03) (AIC= 39.23，AUC=0.88) in a logistic regression model.
CONCLUSION: Attention to postoperative IOP should be paid to patients with PDR undergoing vitrectomy who receive a preoperative IV of anti-VEGF agents. PDR patients with tractional retinal detachment or fibrovasucular membrane involving optic disc are more likely to develop ghost cell glaucoma after IV.
The quality of and women’s satisfaction with maternal referral practices in Sub-Saharan African low and lower-middle income countries: A systematic review
Authors: Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Njue Carolyne , Tran Nguyen Toan , Dawson Angela
Published: March 2020

Background: Sub-Saharan African Low and Lower-Middle Income Countries (SSA LLMICs have the highest burden of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in the world. Timely and appropriate obstetric referral to a suitable health facility is a sign of effective health system. This paper presents the findings of a systematic review that aimed to identify what referral practices are delivered according to accepted standards for pregnant women and newborns in SSA LLMICs by competent healthcare providers and in line with the need and wishes of women.
Methods: Six electronic databases were systematically searched for primary data studies (2009-2018) in English reporting on maternal referral practices and their effectiveness. We conducted a content analysis guided by a framework for assessing the quality of maternal referral. The articles defined quality referral as: the timely identification of signal functions, established guidelines or standards, adequate documentation, staff accompaniment and prompt care by competent healthcare providers at the receiving facility.
Results: Seventeen articles were included in the study. Most studies were quantitative (n=11). Two studies reported that women were dissatisfied due to delays in referral processes that affected their health. Most of the articles (10) reported that women were not accompanied to higher levels of healthcare, delays in referral processes, transportation challenges and poor referral documentation. Some healthcare providers administered essential drugs such as misoprostol prior to referral.
Conclusions: Efforts to improve maternal health in LLMICs should aim to enhance maternal healthcare providers’ ability to identify conditions that demand referral. Low cost transport is needed to mitigate transportation barriers of referral. To ensure quality maternal referral, mechanisms should be instituted for health managers at the district level to monitor and evaluate referral documentation, quality and efficiency of maternal referrals on regular basis.
Ups and downs of drug rehab among women: a qualitative study
Authors: boroumandfar zahra , kianpour masoud , afshari maryam
Published: March 2020

Background: According to recent studies, the number of women drug users is dramatically increasing. However, the information on the issue of drug rehab in women is not sufficient, and there are numerous traditional, organizational, political and cultural barriers to the provision of relevant information in this regard in Iran. This study, thus, aimed to explain the factors influencing the decision of these women to stop drug use.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in two rehab camps of Isfahan (in Iran) on July to October 2017. Thirty participants (women drug users) were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling until data saturation was reached. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using conventional content analysis.
Results: Based on the analysis of the obtained results, the women's experience of the ups and downs of stopping drug use yielded two themes and nine sub-themes. The themes were “the need for emancipation (the deviated path, being abused, compulsive drug use, acquaintance with God, a supportive family)” and “Sinking factors (non-assisting mates, pro-addictive family, unawareness of assisting official organization and non-government organization, woman’s lack of authority, ineffective opportunities)”.
Conclusions: It was concluded that addiction rehab strategies can lead to a brighter life for women drug users only when they are coupled with open-hearted assistance of the families and women specific rehab centers are established to help them meet their specific needs.
Keywords: Drug Use, Lived Experience, Substance-related disorders, Women's Health, qualitative study
Leisure-Time Physical Activity is Associated with reduced Risk of Breast Cancer and Triple Negative Breast Cancer in Nigerian Women
Authors: Bigman Galya , Adebamowo Sally N. , Yawe King-David Terna , Yilkudi Monday , Olaomi Oluwole , Badejo Olawale , Jedy-Agba Elima , Famooto Ayo , Ezeome Emmanuel , Salu Iliya Karniliyus , Miner Elijah , Anosike Ikechukwu , Achusi Benjamin , Adebamowo Clement
Published: March 2020

Background: Physical activity (PA) is associated with reduced risk of breast cancer and its various subtypes but this association is less well described in African women, particularly in women with triple-negative breast cancer that is more common in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we examined the associations between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and breast cancer in total and by subtypes in Nigerian women.Methods: We studied 472 newly diagnosed primary invasive breast cancer patients age-matched (±5years) with 472 controls from the Nigerian Integrative Epidemiology of Breast Cancer (NIBBLE) Study enrolled from January 2014 to July 2016. We derived the average amount of time spent on LTPA per week over the past year using a modified Nurses’ Health Study-II physical activity questionnaire. We calculated the total metabolic equivalents (METs) for each reported LTPA per hour/week (i.e. walking, cycling, and dancing) and compared odds of breast cancer among participants who attained the World Health Organization (WHO) physical activity(PA) recommendations of at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or/and 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity/week with those who did not. In addition, we evaluated these by categories of LTPA in quartiles of METs. We used conditional and unconditional logistic regression models to estimate the adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) of LTPA for overall breast cancer and by molecular subtypes. Results: The mean age (SD) of cases, 44.4 (10.0) years, was similar to that of controls, 43.5 (9.5) after matching. The OR for breast cancer among women who attained the WHO PA recommendations compared with those who did not was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.45-0.90). LTPA was associated with 51% reduced odds of hormone receptor-positive and 65% reduced odds of triple-negative breast cancer. We observed a significant dose-response relationship where women with high levels of LTPA had lower odds of overall breast cancer, triple-negative and hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Conclusions: Increasing LTPA in African women may play a significant role in reducing the incidence of breast cancer, particularly of the more aggressive subtype as triple-negative, which is more prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Tacrolimus reverses the pemphigus vulgaris serum-enhanced expression of desmoglein in HaCaT cells
Authors: Xie Zhimin , Pan Qiaolin , Shen Xucheng , Zhang Yi , Dai Xiangnong , Ye Xingdong
Published: March 2020

Background: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is associated with autoantibodies against desmoglein (Dsg), including Dsg1 and Dsg3. However, the precise mechanism by which acantholysis occurs in response to PV-IgG and the effect of tacrolimus on PV remains unclear. Method: Human HaCaT keratinocytes were co-cultured with DMEM medium containing 5% PV-sera to establish a cell model of pemphigus in order to determine the effect of PV-sera and tacrolimus on Dsg mRNA transcription and protein expression in HaCaT cells. Dsg protein expression in HaCaT cells was evaluated by Western blotting and Dsg mRNA transcription by real-time PCR (RT-PCR ). The distribution of Dsg1 and Dsg3 in HaCaT cells was determined by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). Results: The application of 5% PV serum resulted in an increase in Dsg1 and Dsg3 transcription and expression levels, whereas tacrolimus suppressed Dsg1 and Dsg3 expression. Tacrolimus inhibited PV serum-induced disruption of cell-cell contacts. Tacrolimus also down-regulated Dsg1 and Dsg3 expression compared with PV. IIF revealed that Dsg1 linear deposits on the surface of HaCaT cells in the PV-sera group disappeared and were replaced by granular and agglomerated fluorescent particles on the cell surface, whereas the Dsg3 linear deposits were still present, however this effect could be reversed by tacrolimus. Conclusion: The Dsg3 antibody disrupts desmosome junctions by inducing endocytosis, resulting in desmosomal dissociation. Tacrolimus can reverse PV serum-induced enhancement Dsg expression in HaCaT cells.
Surgery Outcomes of Lamellar Macular Eyes with or without Lamellar Hole-Associated Epiretinal Proliferation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: xu hanyue , Qin Ling , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Ming
Published: March 2020

Background: To compare the visual outcomes and rate of restored ellipsoid zone (REZ) after surgery of lamellar macular hole (LMH) with and without lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP). Method: Publications up to November 2019 that compared the outcomes of LMH patients with and without LHEP who were managed by surgery were included. Forest plots were created using a weighted summary of proportion meta-analysis. A random effects mode was used and I2 heterogeneity estimates were calculated. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to evaluate the stability of the meta-analysis.Result:Four pertinent publications studying a total of 157 patients with 99 eyes without LHEP and 58 eyes with LHEP were identified. They were all retrospective studies and had a mean follow-up of at least 6 months. In all studies, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) had no significant differences before surgery and improved in both groups, and in two studies the post-operative BCVA had no significant differences between two groups. The rate of restored ellipsoid zone (REZ) was different among studies included. Meta-analytic pooling of the improved BCVA between with and without LHEP groups was 0.15 (95 % CI, 0.02 to 0.27; P=0.02), and the pooled data revealed an odd ratio of 2.67 (95% CI, 0.50 to 14.25; p = 0.25) in the rate of REZ, comparing the group without LHEP and the group with LHEP.Conclusion: Patients without LHEP had better postoperative BCVA than patients with LHEP, while no significant difference was found in REZ among the two groups.
Aggravated brain injury after neonatal hypoxic ischemia in microglia depleted mice
Authors: Tsuji Shunichiro , Martino Elena Di , Mukai Takeo , Tsuji Shoko , Murakami Takashi , Harris Robert , Blomgren Klas , Aden Ulrika
Published: March 2020

Background: Neuroinflammation plays an important role in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Although microglia are largely responsible for injury-induced inflammatory response, they play beneficial roles in both normal and disease states. However, the effects of microglial depletion on neonatal HIE remain unclear. Methods: Tamoxifen was administered to Cx3cr1 CreER/+ Rosa26 DTA/+ (microglia-depleted model) and Cx3cr1 CreER/+ Rosa26 DTA/- (control) mice at P8 and P9 to assess the effect of microglial depletion. The density of microglia was quantified using Iba-1 staining. Moreover, the proportion of resident microglia after the HI insult was analyzed using flow cytometric analysis. At P10, the HI insult was conducted using the Rice-Vannucci procedure at P10. The infarct size and apoptotic cells were analyzed at P13. Cytokine analyses were performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at P13. Results: At P10, tamoxifen administration induced >99% microglial depletion in DTA + mice. Following HI insult, there was persisted microglial depletion over 97% at P13. Compared to male DTA - mice, male DTA + mice exhibited significantly larger infarct volumes; however, there were no significant differences among females. Moreover, compared to male DTA - mice, male DTA + mice had a significantly higher density of TUNEL + cells in the caudoputamen, cerebral cortex, and thalamus. Moreover, compared to female DTA - mice, female DTA + mice showed a significantly greater number of TUNEL + cells in the hippocampus and thalamus. Compared to DTA - mice, ELISA revealed significantly lower IL-10 and TGF-β levels in both male and female DTA + mice under both normal conditions and after HI (more pronounced). Conclusion: We established a microglial depletion model that aggravated neuronal damage and apoptosis after the HI insult, which was predominantly observed in males.
Establishing the HLS-M-Q18 short version of the European Health Literacy survey questionnaire for the Malaysian context
Authors: Mohamad Emma , Kaundan Manimaran Krishnan , Hamzah Mohammad Rezal , Azlan Arina Anis , Ayub Suffian Hadi , Sern Tham Jen , Ahmad Abdul Latiff
Published: March 2020

Background: The European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q47) is becoming a widely used tool to measure health literacy (HL), including in Malaysia. There are efforts to reduce the 47-item scale to parsimonious short item scales that still reflect the assumptions and requirements of the conceptual model. This study used confirmatory factor analysis to reduce the 47-item scale to a short scale that can offer a feasible HL screening tool with sufficient psychometric properties. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the Malaysian population based on ethnic distribution to ensure that the short version instrument reflects the country’s varied ethnicities. The survey was administered by well-trained interviewers working for the Ministry of Health Malaysia. A total of 866 responses were obtained. Data was analysed using multi-factorial confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with categorical variables. Results: The analysis resulted in a satisfactory 18-item model. There were high correlations among the 18 items. The internal consistency reliability was robust, with no floor/ceiling effects. These results represented equivalence and consistency among the responses to items, suggesting that these items were homogenous in measuring Malaysian health literacy. The strong convergent and discriminant validity of the model makes the proposed 18 items a suitable short version of the health literacy instrument for Malaysia. Conclusions: The researchers propose the 18-item instrument to be named HLS-M-Q18. This short version instrument may be used in measuring health literacy in Malaysia as it achieved robust reliability, structural validity and construct validity that fulfilled goodness-of-fit criteria.
Performance of TGSE BLADE DWI in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma compared with RESOLVE DWI
Authors: Sheng Yaru , Hong Rujian , Sha Yan , Zhang Zhongshuai , Zhou Kun , Fu Caixia
Published: March 2020

Background Based on its high resolution in soft tissue, MRI, especially diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), is increasingly important in the evaluation of cholesteatoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the 2D turbo gradient- and spin-echo (TGSE) diffusion-weighted (DW) pulse sequence with the BLADE trajectory technique in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma at 3T and to qualitatively and quantitatively compare image quality between the TGSE BLADE and RESOLVE methods.Method A total of 42 patients (23 males, 19 females; age range, 7-65 years; mean, 40.1 years) with surgically confirmed cholesteatoma in the middle ear were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent DWI (both a prototype TGSE BLADE DWI sequence and the RESOLVE DWI sequence) using a 3-T scanner with a 64-channel brain coil.Qualitative imaging parameters (imaging sharpness, geometric distortion, ghosting artifacts, and overall imaging quality) and quantitative imaging parameters (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], signal-to-noise ratio [SNR], contrast, and contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]) were assessed for the two diffusion acquisition techniques by two independent radiologists.ResultA comparison of qualitative scores indicated that TGSE BLADE DWI produced less geometric distortion, fewer ghosting artifacts (P<0.001) and higher image quality (P<0.001) than were observed for RESOLVE DWI. A comparison of the evaluated quantitative image parameters between TGSE and RESOLVE showed that TGSE BLADE DWI produced a significantly lower SNR (P<0.001) and higher parameter values (both contrast and CNR (P < 0.001)) than were found for RESOLVE DWI.The ADC (P<0.001) was significantly lower for TGSE BLADE DWI (0.763×10-3mm2/s) than RESOLVE DWI (0.928×10-3 mm2/s).Conclusion Compared with RESOLVE DWI, TGSE BLADE DWI significantly improved the image quality of cholesteatoma by reducing magnetic sensitive artifacts, distortion, and blurring. TGSE BLADE DWI is more valuable than RESOLVE DWI for the diagnosis of small-sized (2 mm) cholesteatoma lesions. However, TGSE BLADE DWI also has some disadvantages: the whole image intensity is slightly low, so that the anatomical details of the air-bone interface are not shown well, and this shortcoming should be improved in the future.
Economics of the Management of Craniospinal Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma and the Feasibility of the Bundled Payment Model
Authors: Aljuboori Zaid , Ugiliweneza Beatrice , Wang Dengzhi , Andaluz Norberto , Boakye Maxwell , Williams Brian
Published: March 2020

Background
Healthcare expenditures are continuously rising in the United States. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) created a new reimbursement model called the “Bundled Payment for Care Improvement (BPCI)”. This model reimburses providers a predetermined payment in advance to cover all possible services delivered to patients within a certain time window. Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma are locally aggressive malignant primary bony tumors. Treatment includes surgical resection and radiotherapy with substantial risk for recurrence which necessitates monitoring and further treatment. We assess the BPCI model in complex neurosurgical diseases.
Methods
We obtained data from the United States MarketScan database. Patients were identified patients using the International Classification of Diseases 10 codes.
Results
A total of 2041 patients were included. 1412 patients had cranial, 343 patients had a mobile spine, and 286 patients had sacrococcygeal chordoma and chondrosarcoma. For Index hospitalization, the median length of stay (days) was 4, 6, and 7, mean total payments were ($58,130), ($84,854), and ($82,440), and complication rates were 30%, 35%, and 43% for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The payments during the first 6 months after discharge were comparable to the amounts reimbursed during the index hospitalization for all groups.
Conclusion
The management of craniospinal chordoma and chondrosarcoma is costly and sustained over time. The success of BPCI requires a joint effort between insurers and hospitals. It should consider patients’ comorbidities, the complexity of the disease. Finally, adoption of quality improvement programs by hospitals can help with cost reduction.
Utilization pattern of kangaroo mother care after introduction in eight selected neonatal intensive care units in China
Authors: Liu Xin , Li Zhankui , Chen Xiaohui , Cao Bei , Yue Shaojie , Yang Changyi , Liu QiongYu , Yang Chuanzhong , Zhao Gengli , Feng Qi
Published: March 2020

Background To understand the feasibility and method of adoption of KMC in the context of China's NICUs. Describe the utilization of kangaroo mother care (KMC) in eight self-selected neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) participating in premature birth and infant’s intervention program. Methods A cross-sectional study of preterm infants discharged from eight NICUs in April 2018 . For infants was collected this included postnatal day and corrected gestational age (GA) at KMC initiation, frequency and duration of KMC provision and whether the infant was receiving respiratory support. A nurse-administered questionnaire on parents’ knowledge and experience of KMC provision was administered to parents providing KMC. Results 135 preterm infants received KMC, 21.2% of all preterm infants discharged. 91.1% of those who received KMC were below 34 weeks GA, 91.1% had a birth weight below 2000g, and 20.7% needed respiratory support at KMC initiation. Average KMC exposure was greater in infants born at GA <28 weeks that babies born at greater GA. Conclusion After advocacy, training and promotion, intermittent KMC was initiated on more immature and high-risk infants, and well-accepted by parents. We suggest to continue to promote parents KMC education enhancing preterm infant health.
Prevalence of Familial Cluster Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: OConnor Emer , Simpson B S. , Houlden H. , Vandrovcova J. , Matharu Manjit
Published: March 2020

Introduction: The population rate of familial cluster headache (CH) has been reported to be as high as 20%, however this varies considerably across studies. To obtain a true estimate of family history in CH, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of previously published data. Methods: Our systematic review involved a search of electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL) to identify and appraise studies of interest utilising the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. To further ameliorate the accuracy of our analysis we included an additional unpublished cohort of CH patients recruited at a tertiary referral centre for headache, who underwent detailed family history with diagnostic verification in relatives. Data was extracted and meta-analysis conducted to provide a true estimation of family history. Results: In total, we identified 7 studies which fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The estimated true prevalence of CH patients with a positive family history was 6.27% (95% CI:4.65-8.40%) with an overall I 2 of 73% . Fitted models for gender subgroups showed higher estimates 9.26% (95% CI: 6.29-13.43%) in females. However the I 2 for the female model was 58.42% and significant (p=0.047). Conclusion: Our findings estimate a rate of family history in CH to be approximately 6.27% (95% CI:4.65-8.40%) . While estimates were larger for female probands, we demonstrated high heterogeneity in this subgroup. These findings further support a genetic role in the aetiology of CH.
Well-managed gestational diabetes mellitus may not increase the risk for neonatal respiratory symptoms — a case-control study
Authors: Xi Guannan , Ying Qian , Wang Xuefeng , Luo Fei , Lu Chengqiu , Yang Yun , Wang Jimei
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND Diabetes in pregnancy used to be considered associated with a higher risk of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in neonates. However, as antenatal examinations have improved, whether well-managed gestational diabetes remains an independent risk factor is unclear. This study was to determine the associations of well-managed gestational diabetes with morbidity and complications of RDS. Method This was a case-control study conducted at the Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. We collected data from 101 RDS infants and 101 RDS infants from among 1749 infants, through a standardized protocol with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Assessment of diabetes management was based on HbA1c and random blood glucose measurements. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR). An intergroup analysis was conducted between RDS infants and those without RDS, and a subgroup analysis was conducted between RDS neonates born to women with gestational diabetes and those born to women without gestational diabetes. RESULTS The mean (±SD) gestational age of the RDS infants was 35.9 (1.9) weeks, which was similar to that of the non-RDS infants (35.7 (±1.3) weeks). The HbA1c levels at diabetes diagnosed, the HbA1c levels right before delivery and the RBG levels before delivery had no significant differences, and all of them were below a well-controlled level. In the intergroup analysis, the morbidity of gestational diabetes between the two groups showed no significant differences in the adjusted analyses (adjusted OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.59-3.36). However, the case group had significantly more placental abnormalities (adjusted OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.63-8.00), fetal distress (adjusted OR 4.20, 95% CI 1.87-9.46), and asphyxia (adjusted OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.59-8.81) than the control group. In the subgroup analysis, the total dose of the PS applications, incidence of complications, and need for respiratory support (total and separate) were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Well managed gestational diabetes is no longer a significant risk factor for RDS, while acute or chronic ischemia factors are. With regards to most GDM, diet and exercise are sufficient for maintaining an HbA1c below 6.5%
Xeno-free, chemically defined and scalable monolayer differentiation protocol for retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Reyes Alvaro Plaza , Petrus-Reurer Sandra , Sánchez Sara Padrell , Kumar Pankaj , Douagi Iyadh , Bartuma Hammurabi , Aronsson Monica , Westman Sofie , Lardner Emma , Falk Anna , Nandrot Emeline F. , Kvanta Anders , Lanner Fredrik
Published: March 2020

With cell therapies advancing towards the patients’ bedside, there is an increased need for robust and up-scalable protocols to generate clinical grade stem cell-derived products.The protocol we present in the study provides a xeno-free, chemically defined, scalable and robust retinal pigment epithelial cell monolayer differentiation without the need for manual isolation that uses either human embryonic stem cells or human induced pluripotent stem cells as a starting material.
WITHDRAWN: The genetic association between TLR-1, -2, -4, and -6 gene polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Peng Yuqin , Chen Bingqian , Sheng Xiaowen , Qian Yufeng
Published: March 2020

Background: The toll-like receptor (TLR) genes were shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of RA. We aimed to investigate the genetic associations between the TLR-1, -2, -4, and -6 genes polymorphisms and RA susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. Methods : Six polymorphisms (TLR-1 (rs5743610, rs5743618), -2 (rs5743708), -4 (rs4986790, rs4986791), and -6 (rs5743810)) in TLRs genes were genotyped in 360 patients with RA and 560 matched healthy controls by using direct sequencing method. The ORs and 95% CIs were evaluated using a standard logistic regression analysis. Results : No significant association between the allelic, dominant and recessive models of TLR-1 rs5743618, TLR-2 rs5743708, TLR-4 rs4986790 and rs4986791, and TLR-6 rs5743810 polymorphisms and RA risk was observed (p>0.05). However, significant associations were detected between the allelic, dominant and recessive models of TLR-1 rs5743618 and RA risk (allelic: OR[95%CI]= 2.21 [1.73, 2.81], p<0.0001; dominant: OR[95%CI]= 2.33 [1.75, 3.09], p<0.0001; recessive models: OR[95%CI]= 3.70 [1.85, 7.41], p=0.0002), In addition, the TLR6 rs5743810 was found to be associated with the RF - and anti-CCP - antibody in RA group (RF: OR[95%CI]= 2.29 [1.42, 3.69], p=0.0007; anti-CCP: OR[95%CI]= 2.33 [1.39, 3.89], p=0.001). Conclusions : The allelic, dominant, and recessive models of TLR1 rs5743618 might be associated with RA susceptibility. And the TLR6 rs5743810 might be associated with RF and anti-CCP antibody in RA in Chinese Han population.
Optical see-through head-mounted display (OST-HMD)–assisted needle biopsy for breast tumor: a technical innovation
Authors: Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Asano Yuka , Morisaki Tamami , Kouhashi Rika , Ishihara Sae , Yabumoto Akimichi , Takashima Tsutomu , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi
Published: March 2020

Background: Histological examinations using needle biopsy in ultrasound-guided intervention are widely performed to detect lesions by ultrasound. On the other hand, augmented reality (AR) is a new technology that provides new awareness by using a computer to extend the real environment perceived by humans. AR was introduced in the medical field in recent years. Optical see-through head-mounted displays (OST-HMD) are worn on the head and can faithfully generate an AR image by wearing the device on the head as a spectacle-type device. Here, we developed an ultrasound-guided needle biopsy technique using OST-HMD for breast tumors.Methods: Moverio BT-35E (Seiko Epson Corp, Nagano, Japan) was used as the OST-HMD device. This technique involves performing needle biopsy under direct vision via the gap at the bottom of the display while the ultrasound images are projected on the display of the OST-HMD worn on the head. In conventional ultrasound-guided procedures, needle biopsy is performed while maintaining a posture facing the monitor of a fixed ultrasonic device, which restricts the examination doctor’s posture and movement. However, with this technique, needle biopsy can be executed smoothly with no posture restrictions. A flip shade affixed to the OST-HMD has 2% transmittance, which enables clearer projection of the images.Conclusions: This article outlines the ultrasound-guided needle biopsy using OST-HMD. Here we established a safe and accurate biopsy technique with technological innovations using AR.
Climatology of Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) Observed with GPS Networks in the North African Region
Authors: Oluwadare Temitope Seun , Jakowski Norbert , Valladares Cesar E. , Akala Andrew Oke-Ovie , Abe Oladipo E. , Alizadeh Mahdi M. , Schuh Harald
Published: March 2020

We present for the first time the climatology of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) by using Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver networks on geomagnetically quiet days (Kp ≤ 3) over the North African region during 2008-2016. The MSTIDs appear frequently as oscillating waves or wave-like structures in electron density induced by the passage of Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGW) propagating through the neutral atmosphere and consequently, causing fluctuation in the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC). The TEC perturbations (dTEC) data are derived from dual frequency GPS-measurements. We have statistically analyzed the occurrence rate, diurnal and seasonal behavior as well as the annual MSTID occurrence characteristics. The results show a local and latitude dependence of nighttime and daytime MSTIDs. The propagation direction is predominantly towards the South (equatorward), MSTIDs event period is (10 ≤ period ≤ 43 mins), and amplitude (0.08 ≤ amp ≤ ~5.0 TECU), with a velocity higher at nighttime than daytime. The amplitudes for daytime and nighttime MSTIDs increase with solar activity. On the average, the local MSTIDs Spatio-temporal heat map for the Mid-latitude reveals variability in disturbance occurrence time to be dominant within the hours of 0900 - 1600 LT in December solstice (winter) and 1900–0400 LT in June solstice (summer) for daytime and nighttime respectively. While the low latitude reveals the disturbance occurrence time to be dominant within the hours of 1100 - 1800 LT in December solstice (winter) and 2000–0200 LT in equinox months and June solstice (summer) for daytime and nighttime respectively. The time series MSTIDs regional distribution map is also generated. Atmospheric gravity waves (AGW) might be responsible for the excitation mechanism for daytime MSTIDs.
Identification of key prognosis-associated genes in the lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ma HongBo , Wu XiaoLi , Tao MiaoMiao , Jithin Uthaman , Zhou GenDou , Li YanYan , Zhou Qi
Published: March 2020

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death globally, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for almost 40% of all lung cancer cases. In recent years, despite better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and achievements in the multimodal treatment of tumors, there is an urgent need to identify new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers In this study, we aim to identify the potential key genes related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of LUAD by using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. The gene expression profile was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and we calculated the LUAD immune scores and stromal scores by using the ESTIMATE algorithm. Based on these scores, we further quantified the immune and stromal components and obtained the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the tumor. Overall survival analysis could better reflect the impact of genes related to immune and stromal cells on the prognosis. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were conducted, while protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was obtained from STRING. Analysis of the correlation revealed that these genes are mainly involved in the immune/inflammatory response. In conclusion, our study showed that 11 prognostic genes (CD33, IRF8, CD80, CD53, IL16, LY86, CD79B, TYROBP, CD1E, CD1C, and CD1B) might show a potentially good performance in predicting overall survival in patients with LUAD. In summary, we identified the key genes related to the microenvironment, which can further serve as the prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LUAD.
Bronchial foreign body: a disease that should not be ignored
Authors: Gong Ling , Huang Yi , Huang Guichuan , Liu Daishun , Tang Xiaoping
Published: March 2020

Objects: This study aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations, sources, and treatment methods used in patients with a bronchial foreign body. Methods: We analyzed the basic characteristics, clinical signs, CT imaging presentations, pathological manifestations, pathological biopsy results, fiberoptic bronchoscopic surgical techniques, and interventional therapeutic approaches in seven patients with a bronchial foreign body. Results: Among the seven patients with a bronchial foreign body, there were three males and four females. Of the patients, five patients were over 50 years old. Duration of time since onset varied, ranging between six hours and 30 days. One patient had finger pulse oxygen saturation below 90%. Foreign body was the cause of presentation in all seven cases. Computed tomographic scans were normal in one patient, one patient showed a left lung disease, and five patients showed a right lung disease. The presence of the foreign body could be seen in only one patient. Pathological biopsies identified a chili peel in one case, a duck bone in one case, a tooth in one case, and peanuts in three cases. In the seventh patient, a pen cap was found without a pathological biopsy. Using fiberoptic bronchoscopy, the foreign bodies were found and removed in all patients. We also performed bronchial stenosis in three patient, bronchial stenosis with granulation tissue formation in two patients. Conclusion: Neglected foreign bodies in the bronchi could cause various complications and seriously affect the patient's health.