bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of entrepreneurship education based on the menara berkah model in Indonesian vocational high schools
Authors: Sari Maya Novita , Harto Slamet Prawiro , Muhyadi Muhyadi
Published: April 2024

Soft skills-based learning is very important to equip vocational high school students, one of which is entrepreneurship. This research aims to develop entrepreneurship learning through the menara berkah model. This research aims to develop entrepreneurship learning through the Menara Berkah model. This research is a type of development research including pre-development stage of the model, model development, and validation or model testing stage. The research sample amounted to 25 people from two vocational high schools in Palembang and Yogyakarta. While data collection techniques using mixed methods and data analysis using statistical tests. Based on the construct of the model content assessment results obtained an average of 4.45, this score indicates that all aspects are components that are feasible to be used as material or content of entrepreneurship-based learning management models in the catering expertise competency. The Menara Berkah model is proven to be effective and applicable, with an average achievement of 4.76%, this indicates that this model can be used and can make it easier, especially in entrepreneurship-based learning. The results also show six competencies that must be possessed by students, namely: technical skills, decision making, organizational skills, marketing and financial management, risk taking, creativity, and innovation.
Effect of the inquiry-based nature of science argumentation instructional model in scientific literacy skills
Authors: Lestari Diah Puji , Paidi Paidi , Suwarjo Suwarjo
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to see how the inquiry-based nature of science (NOS) argumentation (IB-NOSA) instructional model affects scientific literacy skills. This research used a quasi-experimental method. The design of this research is a pretest-posttest control group design. This study describes the significance of the differences between participants who learn through IB-NOSA, guided inquiry, and discovery learning model. The subjects of this study were 288 students of grade VIII in the 2022/2023 academic year from three junior high schools in Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data analysis in this study used an analysis of variances (ANOVA) mixed design. The result showed that there was a difference between the pretest-posttest scores of scientific literacy skills in each group. There was a significant increase in the pretest-posttest scores of scientific literacy skills in each group. Effect size showed that the IB-NOSA in increased scientific literacy skills was 0.79; the guided inquiry was 0.76; and the discovery learning was 0.71. The IB-NOSA was the most effective in improving scientific literacy skills with a gain score of 0.49 (medium). So, it can be concluded that the IB-NOSA instructional model can be used as an alternative solution in improving scientific literacy skills.
The effectiveness of distance Arabic learning for Indonesian speakers using YouTube channels
Authors: Bahruddin Uril , Ritonga Mahyudin , Faruq Muh. , Ramadhan Muhammad Fadli
Published: April 2024

Learning Arabic online is faced with several problems, including the ineffective use of learning media. This study aims to describe the tendency of Arabic learners through the Dars Arabi YouTube channel video media, and the relationship between the learner's propensity and the variables of gender, age, and educational background channel users Dars Arabi. This study uses a descriptive statistical method. The sample selection was taken randomly as many as 160 people from a population of around 17,800 YouTube channel subscribers Dars Arabi. This study's findings indicate that the tendency of online Arabic learners is at a moderate average level. This study also shows no statistically significant difference between trends in YouTube channel users and the variables of gender, educational background, and users' age. This study's conclusion shows the importance of using YouTube media in learning Arabic with content that is fun and can be enjoyed by all groups of society in a relaxed manner.
Improvement of higher education: how to bridge the digital divide during the transformation?
Authors: Sydorenko Viktoriia V. , Akhnovska Inna O. , Smirnov Sergiy , Verbovskyi Igor , Melnychuk Olha V.
Published: April 2024

The research is focused on a comprehensive analysis of digitalization as a prerequisite for higher education modernization. The authors of this article consider the digital divide as a component of information inequality, which has a technological nature and presupposes unequal opportunities for access, use, and production of information and knowledge or new technologies for their effective use in practice. The authors determined the digital divide is intensifying under pandemic and quarantine restrictions when the preference is given to blended learning technologies, collaborative learning, integrated learning, flipped classroom technology, storytelling, inquiry based learning (IBL), and project based learning (PBL). The research result is a unified information and communication ecosystem developed, which unites the scientific, technological, and educational potential of the network educational digital environment. The ecosystem also provides for the transformation from a lineal to a cluster model of competence cultivation, the formation of digital skills, growth in the volume of information, and creation of digital products.
Context-responsive pedagogy in English language teaching in Indonesian Islamic boarding schools
Authors: Madkur Ahmad , As'ad Muhammad Syihab , Prayogo Agus , Sunarwan Aisyah , Siregar Syahreni , Harya Trisna Dinillah , Irwansyah Dedi
Published: April 2024

English language teaching (ELT) in Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia, commonly known as pesantren, presents a unique context that requires a tailored pedagogical approach. This study aimed to explore the application of context-responsive pedagogy in ELT within the unique context of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews and classroom observation as data generation methods to gain insights into the experiences and perspectives of English language teachers regarding the implementation of context-responsive pedagogy in English language instruction. The findings revealed the importance of understanding learner needs, incorporating authentic materials, promoting cultural sensitivity, and effective use of technology in ELT practices in Islamic boarding school contexts. This study delves into how English language teachers navigated and negotiated their practices with the socio-cultural and religious values entrenched in this institution. It also highlighted the challenges English language teachers in this school context faced in the implementation of context-responsive pedagogy. Eventually, this research provides valuable insights for ELT practitioners, policymakers, and researchers interested in incorporating context-specific pedagogy to optimize ELT in Islamic boarding schools and similar educational contexts.
Creating an islamic boarding school english corpus: corpus metadata, frequently used words, and unique words
Authors: Agustina Yulia , Widodo Pratomo , Margana Margana
Published: April 2024

In the current era, the use of corpora in language teaching is mainly explored in English classes as it has become a trend in education. Hence, this research aimed to identify the corpus metadata, frequently used words, and unique words related to the Islamic boarding school context to be used in the English instructional process. This research employed a mixed method combining quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods. Two English Islamic boarding school books, several articles covering the scope of Islamic boarding school, and students’ speech texts were selected as the data. Then, they were analyzed using the Voyant tool. The finding showed total words of 49,970: 5,417 specific words, 0.108 vocabulary density, and a 12,980-readability index. The finding will be incorporated into instructional resources for developing Islamic boarding school students' general and/or specialized vocabulary. The words, in particular, will provide a foundation for students in constructing Islamic speech texts, delivering speeches, and using English in an Islamic boarding school environment.
Digital literacy ability of private vocational students in Surabaya City
Authors: Habibi Mohammad Wildan , Buditjahjanto I Gede Putu Asto , Rijanto Tri
Published: April 2024

Digital literacy is an important part of vocational secondary school education. Along with the development of technology and the expansion of access to digital resources, digital literacy is very important for vocational students. Digital literacy itself indirectly helps Vocational High School students to gain greater access to information and helps them in the learning process of various topics using trusted sources. This descriptive quantitative research aims to analyze the digital literacy skills of private vocational students in Surabaya City. Students' digital literacy ability was measured with the Likert Scale as a variable in this study. The population consists of students from four private vocational schools in Surabaya City with a total of 700 students. The sample consisted of 100 students, using a random sampling technique. Data collection is carried out through digital literacy instruments and data analysis using descriptive analysis. The results of the research data analysis showed that respondents' ability to elements of basic literacy skills averaged 2.79, average background knowledge 2.26, and information and communication technology (ICT) skills averaged 2.53. In addition, the attitudes and views of users of student information averaged 2.59. The results showed that the digital literacy ability of private vocational school students in Surabaya City was in the "Good" category.
Students' misconceptions on the concept of sound: A case study about Marinyo, Tanimbar Islands
Authors: Batlolona John Rafafy , Jamaludin Jamaludin
Published: April 2024

Marinyo is a culture left by the Portuguese around the 15th century in Maluku. The purpose of this study was to find out to what extent students' misconceptions about the concept of sound in the Marinyo case in the Kepuluan Tanimbar Regency. The method used was a qualitative study in ethnography in ten villages in two sub-districts. In addition, they conducted a survey in the form of a diagnostic test in the form of questions related to the Marinyo case on 300 elementary school students. The findings in the field show that students experience relatively high misconceptions. It was because teachers did not accustom students to learn from natural phenomena around them and were given scientific questions to seek, find and provide answers and solutions related to these natural phenomena. The teacher was more pursuing the conditions and problems of physics in textbooks and less exploring contextual matters. Future researchers are suggested to develop physics or science teaching materials based on regional local advantages that are oriented towards understanding concepts, mental models, critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity and innovative thinking so that teachers and students can learn well so that knowledge of science becomes better.
Development of multiple intelligence ability tests of basketball in high schools
Authors: Huda Nurul , Sukarmin Yustinus , Dimyati Dimyati , Setiawan Risky
Published: April 2024

The study's objectives are to i) develop a test kit to determine the ability of multiple intelligences (MI) to play basketball in high school and ii) measure a student's MI test ability in playing basketball. The method used is the development of instruments with analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE). The study subjects comprised five schools in five districts in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. With a total sample of 1029 students. The results showed i) that test kits developed to assess students' MI abilities meet valid and reliable requirements. It can be seen from the validity of the contents of V-Aiken (0.96) and the validity of the construct, namely the loading factor 0.3. With the analysis of the item classically, it detects that the level of difficulty and differentiability of the problem is good and according to the criteria; ii) the results of MI capability measurements show 55% of capabilities with the "high" category, 35% with the "medium" category, and 10% with the "low" category.
Sekolah Penggerak Program: A comparative case study in Indonesia’s elementary school context
Authors: Fatimah Halida , Fitriani Somariah , Priyono Dwi
Published: April 2024

The main reason for the research significance is misconceptions arising in the field when implementing Sekolah Penggerak Program, which started in 2021. Thus, the objectives of this study are to describe programs for enhancing exceptional human resources, and to explore the Kurikulum Operasional Satuan Pendidikan (education unit operational curriculum), and the Merdeka Curriculum learning. Four elementary schools in Indonesia's urban and rural areas served as the research unit for analysis, which used a qualitative comparative case study design. The results demonstrate that the programs of ministry of education, culture, and technology research for improving human resources, which includes training and mentoring, have a favourable effect on both rural and urban primary schools. However, only one out of four schools examined the context of the educational unit while creating education unit operational curriculum documents, and every school simply used education unit operational curriculum as a prerequisite for administrative fulfilment. Based on the available components, all teachers developed teaching modules for the Merdeka Curriculum. It was found, nevertheless, that the students were not genuinely exposed to the content of these modules.
Perspective on improving school quality: the influence of teamwork and curriculum effectiveness in Islamic schools
Authors: Fadhli Muhammad , Prasetyo Muhammad Angung Manumanoso , Siregar Muhammad Fuad Zaini , Pasaribu Mansyur Hidayat , Sari Dwhy Dinda
Published: April 2024

School quality is the most important aspect and a major issue in the education system. This research aims to explore the influence of teamwork and curriculum effectiveness on improving school quality. The method employed is based on a quantitative design with a survey approach. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 146 respondents. School quality is the key variable in this research. The data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS software to provide detailed information on the contribution of each variable's indicators. The findings of this research indicate a strong contribution from each variable in enhancing school quality. The R-square value for the curriculum effectiveness variable is 0.365, meaning that this variable contributes to a 36.5% improvement in school quality. On the other hand, the teamwork variable contributes 62.3% to school quality. These results clearly demonstrate the originality of this research, highlighting that teamwork in schools has a higher contribution value than curriculum effectiveness. The future research needs to examine how to establish teamwork in Islamic educational institutions as an effort to enhance quality.
Assessing historical thinking skills in high school history education: a Padlet-based approach
Authors: Ofianto Ofianto , Rahmi Ulfia , Syafrini Delmira , Ningsih Tri Zahra
Published: April 2024

This research is focused on assessing how the incorporation of Padlet technology affects the evaluation of historical thinking skills in high school history education. The research methodology involved a pretest-posttest approach with a randomly selected group of 70 students. The research tool employed questionnaires aligned with the study’s objectives. Data analysis utilized comparative statistics, specifically the paired sample t-test. The outcomes of the study reveal a significant positive impact resulting from the integration of Padlet technology in assessing historical thinking skills. This is substantiated by the sign value being less than 0.05 for all aspects examined. Consequently, this research provides compelling evidence that this approach can serve as an effective alternative for improving the quality of history education at the high school level. The findings of this study have important implications for educators, learners, and other stakeholders. These results may be used by educators to create more successful teaching strategies that will improve their students' historical thinking and comprehension. As a personal learning tool, Padlet technology can help students comprehend the historical subjects they are studying better. For those involved, this study offers compelling proof that using Padlet technology in high school history curricula may improve its caliber.
Challenges faced by students in online English courses during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Susiani Ketut , Dantes Nyoman , Arnyana Ida Bagus Putu , Suarni Ni Ketut , Suranata Kadek , Suartama I Kadek , Simamora Alexander Hamonangan
Published: April 2024

Online learning is a growing trend in education during the corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the difficulties that online majors in non-English languages have when attempting to acquire English. The subject of this study involved using the questionnaire method for as many as 412 students and interviewing 15 students with a total of 17 questions. The results of this study indicate that there are several challenges faced by students during online learning; i) less familiarity with online learning as shown by 31% of students agreeing that online learning is a new learning method, ii) psychologically 30% of students choose strongly agree that they have limited opportunities to interact directly and freely with lecturers as well as with students, iii) limited facilities and infrastructure as much as 28% agree that the budget is limited to get quota or internet credit, and iv) limited internet access as many as 35% of students do not have good internet coverage to take online lectures. The findings of this study should be a reference for English lecturers to continue learning to innovate in providing online English learning by considering the existing challenges.
Training of future policeman for the use of unmanned aerial vehicle in professional activities
Authors: Chervinchuk Andrii , Аtamanenko Yuliia , Pylypenko Yevheniia
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of training future police officers to use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in their professional activities. Based on the results of the theoretical analysis of scientific and applied works, modern trends in the development of drones in the activities of law enforcement agencies were identified, and the problem of their implementation in practical activities was outlined. An online survey was conducted in order to study the opinion of scientific, scientific and pedagogical workers and graduates of higher education institutions with specific learning conditions that train police officers about the need to train future police officers in the control of UAVs. The need to introduce into the system of primary professional training the training of service skills using drones is substantiated. On the basis of the study of the content of the training program for unmanned aircraft systems of the first class according to the basic qualification level of the first level, it is proposed to introduce the general professional educational unit “formation of skills and skills of controlling an UAV” into the training program of the primary professional training of police officers in the specified specialty.
ESD goals and soft skills competencies through constructivist approaches to teaching: an integrative review
Authors: AlAfnan Mohammad Awad , Dishari Samira
Published: April 2024

Recent studies claimed that the absence of a paradigm is a challenge to developing education for sustainable development and soft skills competencies. This integrative study examines stimulating these transferable and transversal competencies through constructivist approaches to teaching from the cognitive, social, radical, and critical perspectives. The study argues that the use of constructivist approaches to teaching can contribute to the achievement of education for sustainable development and soft skills competencies through the delegation of power from teachers/lecturers to students. This, in active and interactive classrooms, empowers students and builds their confidence to develop on the personal, academic, and professional levels. The use of the cognitive constructivist approach assists in developing competencies based on a clear understanding of the cognitive structures of students in a vibrant classroom environment. The use of the social constructivist approach assists in constructing individualized learning environment based on predetermined zones of proximal development in sociocultural contexts. The radical and critical constructivist approaches to teaching, through the rejection of conventional epistemologies, allow students the freedom to creatively address issues related to environmental, economic, and social sustainability. This becomes effective through the fostering of self and social awareness, challenging existing ideas, and provoking innovative thoughts that are necessary to shape a sustainable future.
Vodcast embedded with physics education technology simulation in learning projectile motion
Authors: Celestino-Salcedo Reina Karen M. , Malayao, Jr. Sotero Ontal , Salic-Hairulla Monera A. , Castro Ellen Jarantilla , Mordeno Ivy Claire V.
Published: April 2024

The challenge of creating reliable technology-based resources for science learning is perennial challenge in Philippine education with the limited learning materials accessible to all learners. This study is about the development of vodcast embedded with physics education technology (PhET) simulation that served as a supplementary learning material for grade 9 Science in response to the scarcity of dependable visualization materials. The study employed the developmental research design with analysis-design-development-implementation-evaluation (ADDIE) model as the developmental framework. Vodcast evaluation tool, achievement test questionnaire, and vodcast perception survey questionnaire for students and for teachers were used in the data collection while the Kendall’s W statistic, mean, percentage, and gain score were used in data interpretation. The teacher respondents (N=64) have moderate agreement on the ranking of topic difficulty with Kendall’s W of 0.45. The researcher-made vodcast attained an overall rating of 4.78 from experts which implies that the vodcast can be a very good material for classroom implementation. The developed achievement test has acceptable difficulty and discrimination indices. The implementation stage yielded low normalized gain and can be accounted by unfocused attention during the pandemic. Nevertheless, the vodcasts were found very useful in learning projectile motion as perceived by both students and teacher-observers.
Information communication technologies education in elementary school: a systematic literature review
Authors: Zuhri Rois Saifuddin , Wilujeng Insih , Haryanto Haryanto , Ibda Hamidulloh
Published: April 2024

Implementing information and communications technology (ICT) education in elementary schools in the industrial era 4.0 is urgent. Several studies have explored ICT education in elementary schools, but few studies with systematic literature reviews remain. This article presents a literature review for 2019–2023 regarding ICT education in elementary schools. The Systematic Review Literature method and PRISMA protocol use Publish or Perish 7, VOSviewer, NUDIST, and Vivo (NVIVO) 12 Plus. The search results for Scopus articles contained 812, which were then filtered according to the theme to 61 for the study. The 61 articles were analyzed according to topic via NVIVO 12 Plus, and the results were described according to the research questions. ICT education in elementary school is a form of technology that involves learning to send, process, create, share, display, store, and exchange information. The characteristics of ICT education in elementary schools include the use of ICT for online learning, communication interaction, digital media, software, a focus on inclusive, real-time, technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK), and the promotion of student independence. The implementation of ICT education in elementary schools is carried out through learning, digital-based projects, curriculum, tools, and learning materials for mathematics and language in elementary schools, which are supported by teachers’ digital competence. Future researchers must study ICT education in elementary schools in response to technological developments.
Stimulation of students’ research activity in the conditions of distance education
Authors: Sizova Ninel , Bilozerska Hanna , Mudra Svitlana , Patyk Roksolana , Bokhonko Yevhen
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze the research activity of students in the context of distance education in order to identify factors that influence its formation. The work highlights the practical aspects of stimulating students' research activity. The work uses the methods of questionnaires, testing, and the method of expert evaluations. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-square, Pearson's coefficient. The study was based on a pedagogical experiment. It was determined that the students within the experimental group exhibited a markedly higher degree of research engagement than the control group. Specifically, the mean research activity scores in the experimental group were 75% for the need for achievement, 68% for the need for recognition, 82% for the need for curiosity, 61% for the need for control, and 42% for the need for distinction. Overall, it can be contended that motivation plays a crucial role in fostering research endeavors in the conditions of distance education. The obtained results can be used to improve the research activity of students. Potential future studies could focus on conducting a comprehensive exploration of certain aspects, such as the incentives behind research endeavors and enhancing cognitive abilities through research activities.
Learning mathematics outcomes using Android for blind students based on Newman's theory
Authors: Agustina Rina , Farida Nurul , Irfan Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Blind students exclusively use braille materials for teaching math. Teaching tools that assist blind students' motor and hearing nerves are essential for learning. This study was to describe learning mathematics outcomes for blind students after using teaching material for Android devices based on Newman's theory. This research was a case study of blind students. Blind junior high school students from special schools for visual impairment—extraordinary schools in Bandar Lampung, extraordinary schools in Cimahi, and Madrasah Tsanawiyah with special education in Yogyakarta—contributed to the study's subjects. The study employed questionnaires and test questions as research instruments for both teachers and students. The results of this study demonstrate that learning mathematics outcame blind students' after using teaching material with Android apps based on Newman's theory, specifically: i) reading errors: students can understand the information in the questions; ii) comprehension errors: students do not write down things that are known and asked; and iii) transformation errors: students write down the mathematical model (formula) used; iv) skill errors: students can do calculations correctly; and v) coding errors: students do not write conclusions. The average score of the blind students’ results using braille was higher than that of the Android application.
Solar-powered electric car: validity and effectivity of prop in energy conversion learning
Authors: Rizal Rahmat , Aripin Haji , Joni I Made
Published: April 2024

The research aimed to describe the development of solar electric cars as a prop in energy conversion learning using the analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate (ADDIE) model and to ascertain the effectiveness of an electric car as a prop in energy conversion learning. Utilization of prop in the learning process is one way to support the development of knowledge, skills, and basic needs for delivering material, concepts, and physics information. This research is a descriptive study involving media and pedagogical experts and 40 students of the university in Tasikmalaya. Data collection techniques were carried out through the study of literature, expert validation, and student perception questionnaires. Expert validation and student perception were obtained by using a Likert scale. The expert judgment results were processed using the V value equation developed by Aiken. The results showed a value of 1, meeting the minimum validation requirements. The students also had positive responses to a prop. They have new experience learning in energy conversion and have good media to help their comprehension. It has a significant impact on helping students to achieve their learning goals.
Unboxing the primary English teacher's TPACK profile: instrumental design and validation
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Etfita Fauzul , Dafit Febrina , Asnawi Asnawi
Published: April 2024

Numerous researchers have developed technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) instruments for English language teaching; however, a valid and reliable instrument to unbox the primary English language teacher's TPACK profile from graduates of the primary school teacher education study program does not yet exist. Consequently, this study aimed to design and validate a questionnaire to unbox the primary English language teacher's TPACK profile. This study used a mixed-methods approach. First, qualitative methods were employed to verify the valid content of each construct. The items were generated through experts' and a primary English teacher’s reviews. As a quantitative method, the questionnaire was then validated through explanatory factor analysis (EFA). The result of EFA yielded a comprehensive set of 40 items: technological knowledge (TK) section (consisting of 5 items), content knowledge (CK) section (consisting of 6 items), pedagogical knowledge (PK) section (consisting of 6 items), pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) section (consisting of 5 items), technological content knowledge (TCK) section (consisting of 5 items), technological pedagogical knowledge (TPK) section (consisting of 7 items), and TPACK section (consisting of 5 items). The reliability coefficients of each construct were acceptable. In conclusion, the study obtained a fruitful questionnaire for unboxing the primary English language teacher’s TPACK profile.
Creating a learning style map for English as a foreign language student to discover effective study methods
Authors: Halim Abd , Bakri Fitriyani , Hasbi Muhammad , Mahmud Murni , Halim Nur Mutmainna
Published: April 2024

This research determines the student's learning strategies based on their learning styles. This research applied qualitative study. The subject of this research is the students of English literature class A in Universitas Negeri Makassar, who were selected through a purposive sampling technique. Thirty-five students were chosen as the subjects of this study. The data were obtained through questionnaires and interviews and then analyzed based on producers of data analysis identification, classification, and descriptive analysis. The result showed that i) there are some learning styles that students have, such as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles; ii) students' learning strategies based on their learning style where subjects engaged in several learning activities or methodologies. Two types of learning techniques were primarily considered: individual and group strategies. The individual strategies were marked by all of the activities the subjects had done, and the group strategies described the learning actions employed by the subjects to comprehend the knowledge or the lesson by engaging friends who could help them.
Bangla handwritten word recognition using YOLO V5
Authors: Hossain Md. Anwar , Abadin AFM Zainul , Faruk Md. Omar , Ara Iffat , Rashidul Hasan Mirza AFM , Fatta Nafiul , Asraful Md , Hossen Ebrahim
Published: April 2024

This research paper presents an innovative solution for offline handwritten word recognition in Bengali, a prominent Indic language. The complexities of this script, particularly in cursive writing, often lead to overlapping characters and segmentation challenges. Conventional methodologies, reliant on individual character recognition and aggregation, are error-prone. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel method treating the entire document as a coherent entity and utilizing the efficient you only look once (YOLO) model for word extraction. In our approach, we view individual words as distinct objects and employ the YOLO model for supervised learning, transforming object detection into a regression problematic to predict spatially detached bounding boxes and class possibilities. Rigorous training results in outstanding performance, with remarkable box_loss of 0.014, obj_loss of 0.14, and class_loss of 0.009. Furthermore, the achieved mAP_0.5 score of 0.95 and map_0.5:0.95 score of 0.97 demonstrates the model’s exceptional accuracy in detecting and recognizing handwritten words. To evaluate our method comprehensively, we introduce the Omor-Ekush dataset, a meticulously curated collection of 21,300 handwritten words from 150 participants, featuring 141 words per document. Our pioneering YOLO-based approach, combined with the curated Omor-Ekush dataset, represents a significant advancement in handwritten word recognition in Bengali.
Monografia dos gêneros de Opiliões neotrópicos
Authors: Soares Benedicto A. M. , Soares Hélia E. M.
Published: April 2024

No volume anterior destes Arquivos [Cf. Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de São Paulo, 1948, 5 (9) : 553-635] demos inicio a publicação da Monografia dos gêneros de opiliões neotrópicos." Conforme ai justificamos, vimo-nos na contingencia de publica-la por partes, de acordo com o espago disponível na revista deste Departamento. Por mera conveniência pratica, resolvemos inicia-la com a família Gonyleptidae, a que contem os opiliões mais representativos da nossa fauna e, pela mesma razão, as subfamílias e os gêneros foram colocados em ordem alfabética.
Codificação da Nomenclatura Zoológica
Authors: Amaral Afrânio do
Published: April 2024

Antes do século XVIII já se tornara demasiado evidente que não seria jamais possível haver entendimento entre os cultores da zoologia se cada qual sempre se ativesse a pratica rotineira que consistia em aplicar aos diversos seres os nomes vigentes nas pátrias respectivas e na língua dos correspondentes especialistas, nomes esses que, ainda por cima, eram muitas vezes dos mais disparatados e de nenhum modo obedeciam a qualquer critério sistemático. For volta de 1735, o medico e naturalista Carlos Lineu, mais tarde professor na Universidade de Upsala, sentiu a necessidade de sistematizar as designações dos seres vivos (e dos minerais) de maneira inteligível a todos os homens cultos da época. Para isso tratou de exprimi-las em latim, língua então em voga nos meios médicos e científicos e entre as classes eruditas. Fe-lo também de maneira consistente, contribuindo desse modo para emprestar a necessária estabilidade ao próprio método que resolvera promover.
Líquido para preservação das estruturas internas de Lepidópteros e demais Insetos que habitualmente se montam em alfinetes
Authors: Travassos Filho Lauro
Published: April 2024

O processo comum de colecionar lepidópteros, consiste em mata-los, ou por meio de forte compressão torácica, ou então pelos vapores desprendidos pelo éter, clorofórmio ou cianeto de potássio, em ambiente confinado, ou ainda pela injeção de doses mínimas de certos líquidos tóxicos voláteis, como amônia, gasolina, xilol, etc., que matam rapidamente o inseto e evaporam rapidamente.
Os peixes de água doce do Brasil : volume II
Authors: Fowler Henry W.
Published: April 2024

Decorrido um triênio, completa-se no presente volume, IX de sua série, a lista d' "Os Peixes de água doce do Brasil" de H. W, Fowler, cuja primeira parte, dividida em três entregas sucessivas, constituiu  matéria do volume VI dos Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de São Paulo, São de ontem as nossas palavras de justificativa da edição. Desnecessário pois é repeti-las, bem como os louvores tecidos ao trabalho, que, sejam quais forem as falhas de que porventura se ressinta, constituirá durante muito tempo guia precioso para os estudos ulteirores no campo por ele abrangido. Considerando o limitado curso do idioma para o qual houve necessidade de passar os manuscritos, estamparam-se intactas, no final do volume, à guisa de "abstract", aquelas partes do original que, encerrando matéria de capital importância, se mostram ao mesmo tempo de inteligência mais difícil aos pouco conhecedores de nossa língua. Com isso pensamos contornar os inconvenientes de que se poderia arguir uma obra destinada, por sua natureza, a ser entendida e utilizada pelos que, nos quatro cantos do mundo, se interessam especialmente pela ictiologia brasileira.
Sobre a família Pantophtalmidae (Diptera)
Authors: Carrera Messias , D'Andretta Maria A. V.
Published: April 2024

Os dipteros da familia Pantophtalmidae são exclusivamente neotropicos e desempenham importante papel economico relacionado à entomologia florestal. Tais atributos, impeliram-nos a focalizar determinados aspectos da sua biologia, ainda um tanto obscura e, sobretudo, atualizar sua sistemática, para facilitar o trabalho de eventuais interessados em ampliar os conhecimentos sobre eles. Com este proposito esmiuçamos a confusa taxinomia dessas moscas e procuramos tornar mais fácil a identificação das especies, cujas descrições, nem sempre acessíveis, ora são exaustivamente minuciosas, ora omissas ao extremo. Após termos reunido material pertencente às coleções de algumas instituições cientificas nacionais e estrangeiras, verificamos estarem representadas, nesse conjunto, 18 especies dentre as 23 que, ao nosso ver, totalizam até o presente as especies validas dessa familia. Isso comunica ao nosso trabalho o carater de simples contribuição ao conhecimento dos Pantophtalmidae, pela natural precariedade de algumas de suas conclusões.
Sobre alguns mamíferos do sudeste do Pará
Authors: Carvalho Cory T. de
Published: April 2024

Como contribuição ao conhecimento da masto-fauna amazônica, apresentamos mais uma simples lista faunística anotada dos mamíferos capturados em uma excursão realizada pelo autor e pelos taxidermistas José Hidasi e Manuel Amaral, durante os meses de julho a outubro de 1957, em área compreendida entre os rios Araguaia e Xingu. Parte da coleta foi feita na borda do planalto central, entre 200 a 400 metros de altitude e em áreas florísticas bem demarcadas (campos do Brasil Central), parte na hileia amazônica.
Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Functional Outcomes After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Nguyen Mai T. H. , Sakamoto Yuki , Maeda Toshiki , Woodward Mark , Anderson Craig S. , Catiwa Jayson , Yazidjoglou Amelia , Carcel Cheryl , Yang Min , Wang Xia
Published: April 2024

Background

This review aimed to quantify the impact of socioeconomic status on functional outcomes from stroke and identify the socioeconomic status indicators that exhibit the highest magnitude of association.

Methods and Results

We performed a systematic literature search across Medline and Embase from inception to May 2022, to identify observational studies (n≥100, and in English). Risk of bias was assessed using the modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Random effects meta‐analysis was used to pool data. We included 19 studies (157 715 patients, 47.7% women) reporting functional outcomes measured with modified Rankin Scale or Barthel index, with 10 assessed as low risk of bias. Measures of socioeconomic status reported were education (11 studies), income (8), occupation (4), health insurance status (3), and neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (3). Pooled data suggested that low socioeconomic status was significantly associated with poor functional outcomes, including incomplete education or below high school level versus high school attainment and above (odds ratio [OR], 1.66 [95% CI, 1.40–1.95]), lowest income versus highest income (OR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.02–1.83]), a manual job/being unemployed versus a nonmanual job/working (OR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.29–2.02]), and living in the most disadvantaged socioeconomic neighborhood versus the least disadvantaged (OR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.25–1.92]). Low health insurance status was also associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcomes (OR, 1.32 [95% CI, 0.95–1.84]), although this was association was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

Despite great strides in stroke treatment in the past decades, social disadvantage remains a risk factor for poor functional outcome after an acute stroke. Further research is needed to better understand causal mechanisms and disparities.
Long‐Term Clinical Implications of High‐Risk Cardiac Computed Tomography Findings in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Rinkel Leon A. , Cramer Olivia N. , Özata Z. Beyda , Beemsterboer Chiel F. P. , Guglielmi Valeria , Nio Shan Sui , Bouma Berto J. , Boekholdt S. Matthijs , Lobé Nick H. J. , Beenen Ludo F. M. , Marquering Henk A. , Majoie Charles B. L. M. , Roos Yvo B. W. E. M. , van Randen Adrienne , Planken R. Nils , Coutinho Jonathan M.
Published: April 2024

Background

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) acquired during the initial acute stroke imaging protocol (acute cardiac CT) is increasingly used to screen for cardioembolism, but information on the long‐term clinical implications of its findings is lacking.

Methods and Results

We performed a prospective, single‐center cohort study in which consecutive patients with ischemic stroke underwent ECG‐gated acute cardiac CT and were followed up for 2 years. The primary outcome was functional outcome assessed using the modified Rankin Scale. Secondary outcomes were death and occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (composite of recurrent ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death). We compared patients with and without a high‐risk structural source of embolism on acute cardiac CT. Of 452 included patients, 55 (12.2%) had a high‐risk source of embolism, predominantly cardiac thrombi (38 patients) and signs of endocarditis (8 patients). Follow‐up at 2 years was complete for 430 (95.1%) patients. Patients with a high‐risk source of embolism had a worse functional outcome (median modified Rankin Scale, 6 [IQR, 2–6] versus 2 [IQR, 1–5]; adjusted common odds ratio, 2.92 [95% CI, 1.62–5.25]), increased mortality rate (52.7% versus 23.7%; adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 3.28 [95% CI, 1.94–5.52]), and major adverse cardiovascular events (38.9% versus 17.5%; adjusted HR, 3.20 [95% CI, 1.80–5.69]). A high‐risk source of embolism was not associated with recurrent ischemic stroke (11.1% versus 9.6%; adjusted HR, 1.30 [95% CI, 0.49–3.44]).

Conclusions

Structural high‐risk sources of embolism on acute cardiac CT in patients with ischemic stroke were associated with poor long‐term functional outcome and occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events but not with recurrent stroke.
Predicting Outcomes Following Lower Extremity Endovascular Revascularization Using Machine Learning
Authors: Li Ben , Aljabri Badr , Verma Raj , Beaton Derek , Hussain Mohamad A. , Lee Douglas S. , Wijeysundera Duminda N. , de Mestral Charles , Mamdani Muhammad , Al‐Omran Mohammed
Published: April 2024

Background

Lower extremity endovascular revascularization for peripheral artery disease carries nonnegligible perioperative risks; however, outcome prediction tools remain limited. Using machine learning, we developed automated algorithms that predict 30‐day outcomes following lower extremity endovascular revascularization.

Methods and Results

The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program targeted vascular database was used to identify patients who underwent lower extremity endovascular revascularization (angioplasty, stent, or atherectomy) for peripheral artery disease between 2011 and 2021. Input features included 38 preoperative demographic/clinical variables. The primary outcome was 30‐day postprocedural major adverse limb event (composite of major reintervention, untreated loss of patency, or major amputation) or death. Data were split into training (70%) and test (30%) sets. Using 10‐fold cross‐validation, 6 machine learning models were trained using preoperative features. The primary model evaluation metric was area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Overall, 21 886 patients were included, and 30‐day major adverse limb event/death occurred in 1964 (9.0%) individuals. The best performing model for predicting 30‐day major adverse limb event/death was extreme gradient boosting, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.92–0.94). In comparison, logistic regression had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.70–0.74). The calibration plot showed good agreement between predicted and observed event probabilities with a Brier score of 0.09. The top 3 predictive features in our algorithm were (1) chronic limb‐threatening ischemia, (2) tibial intervention, and (3) congestive heart failure.

Conclusions

Our machine learning models accurately predict 30‐day outcomes following lower extremity endovascular revascularization using preoperative data with good discrimination and calibration. Prospective validation is warranted to assess for generalizability and external validity.
ELUCIDATE Trial: A Single‐Center Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Lin Jiun‐Lu , Liu Sung‐Chen , Liu Tze‐Fan , Chuang Shih‐Ming , Huang Chun‐Ta , Chen Ying‐Ju , Lee Chun‐Chuan , Chien Ming‐Nan , Hou Charles Jia‐Yin , Yeh Hung‐I. , Chiang Chern‐En , Hung Chung‐Lieh
Published: April 2024

Background

Dapagliflozin, a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, is an epochal oral antidiabetic drug that improves cardiorenal outcomes. However, the effect of early dapagliflozin intervention on left ventricular (LV) remodeling in patients with type 2 diabetes free from cardiovascular disease remains unclear.

Methods and Results

The ELUCIDATE trial was a prospective, open‐label, randomized, active‐controlled study that enrolled 76 patients with asymptomatic type 2 diabetes with LV ejection fraction ≥50%, randomized to the dapagliflozin 10 mg/day add‐on or standard‐of‐care group. Speckle‐tracking echocardiography–based measurements of the cardiac global longitudinal strain were performed at baseline and 24 weeks after treatment initiation. Patients who received dapagliflozin had a greater reduction in LV dimension (1.68 mm [95% CI, 0.53–2.84];
P
=0.005), LV end‐systolic volume (5.51 mL [95% CI, 0.86–10.17];
P
=0.021), and LV mass index (4.25 g/m
2.7
[95% CI, 2.42–6.09];
P
<0.0001) compared with standard of care in absolute mean differences. Dapagliflozin add‐on therapy led to a significant LV global longitudinal strain increment (0.74% [95% CI, 1.00–0.49];
P
<0.0001) and improved LV systolic and early diastolic strain rates (0.27/s [95% CI, 0.17–0.60]; and 0.11/s [95% CI, 0.06–0.16], respectively; both
P
<0.0001) but not in global circumferential strain. No significant changes were found in insulin resistance, NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) levels, or other biomarkers at 6 months after the dapagliflozin administration.

Conclusions

Dapagliflozin add‐on therapy could lead to more favorable cardiac remodeling accompanied by enhanced cardiac mechanical function among patients with asymptomatic type 2 diabetes. Our findings provide evidence of the efficacy of dapagliflozin use for the primary prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03871621.