bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adiponectin Promotes Maternal β-Cell Expansion Through Placental Lactogen Expression
Authors: Qiao Liping , Saget Sarah , Lu Cindy , Hay William W. , Karsenty Gerard , Shao Jianhua
Published: October 2020

Hypoadiponectinemia is a risk factor of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Our previous study reported that adiponectin gene knockout mice (Adipoq−/−) develop GDM due to insulin insufficiency. The main objective of this study was to elucidate the underlying mechanism through which adiponectin controls islet expansion during pregnancy. A significant reduction in β-cell proliferation rates, β-cell areas, and blood insulin concentrations was detected in Adipoq−/− mice at midpregnancy. Surprisingly, conditionally knocking down adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) or AdipoR2 genes in β-cells during pregnancy did not reduce β-cell proliferation rates or blood insulin concentrations. In vitro adiponectin treatment also failed to show any effect on β-cell proliferation of isolated pancreatic islets. It was reported that placental lactogen (PL) plays a crucial role in pregnancy-induced maternal β-cell proliferation. A significant decrease in phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5, a downstream molecule of PL signaling, was observed in islets from Adipoq−/− dams. The mRNA levels of mouse PL genes were robustly decreased in the placentas of Adipoq−/− dams. In contrast, adiponectin treatment increased PL expression in human placenta explants and JEG3 trophoblast cells. Most importantly, bovine PL injection restored β-cell proliferation and blood insulin concentrations in Adipoq−/− dams. Together, these results demonstrate that adiponectin plays a vital role in pregnancy-induced β-cell proliferation by promoting PL expression in trophoblast cells.
Modelos de interpretação teológica das religiões: Crítica e proposições.
Authors: Ribeiro Claudio de Oliveira , Gonçalves Alonso
Published: October 2020

A teologia das religiões, desenvolvida no campo cristão tanto em setores católicos-romanos quanto protestantes, tem procurado fazer as melhores adequações, em termos de posições teológicas, diante da realidade inconteste das religiões e suas tradições, ritos, doutrinas, moralidade e ética e como elas se relacionam entre si. Com isso, uma primeira tentativa de classificação das posturas teológicas diante do desafio de compreender as religiões, se deu a partir de três conhecidas perspectivas: exclusivismo, inclusivismo e pluralismo. Como resultados de nossa pesquisa, constatamos que, embora de importância histórica e singular, tais perspectivas têm sido consideradas limitadas e discutíveis por diferentes motivos. Ainda que as categorias sejam diversas, há um consenso de que a pluralidade religiosa convoca e provoca à teologia a refletir sobre a questão do pluralismo religioso abordando seu aspecto crítico, propositivo e dialógico. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa foi organizada em dois blocos de reflexão. O primeiro é uma crítica aos modelos modernos de interpretação teológica das religiões, por não abarcarem a complexidade e a variedade presentes no quadro de diversidade religiosa, sobretudo as formas de espiritualidades de grupos subalternos, em geral com perfis holísticos e integradores tendo em vista os diferentes campos da cultura e da vivência humana. O segundo, traz perspectivas críticas e propositivas, na linha do diálogo com os estudos culturais, que são as bases do princípio pluralista.
Mahdi: o messias islâmico xiita
Authors: Alves Murilo Cavalcante
Published: October 2020

O artigo trata da complexa questão do Mahdi, o messias islâmico, com uma breve introdução ao contexto doutrinário-religioso. Descreve o panorama do Islam Sunita com suas carcaterísticas doutrinárias e históricas. Aborda as características do Xiismo Duodecimalista e a questão do Imamato, imprescindíveis à compreensão do conceito messiânico xiita. Conclui com uma reflexão sobre os possíveis desdobramentos  da questão, em um futuro remoto, a partir da expectativa do retorno do Mahdi aguardado pelos xiitas.
Saúde no "novo normal" da crise à humanização" - Integração e responsabilidade
Authors: Fretto Luis , Salgado Rita de Cassia Falleiro , Souza Waldir
Published: October 2020

Uma crise mundial em saúde que impacta a vida humana de diversas formas, causando uma crise geral e global, como é o caso da pandemia de COVID-19, revela alto impacto nas convicções dos seres humanos, provocando mudanças referentes a valores culturais, emocionais, religiosos, sociopolíticos e econômicos. Tal fenômeno desperta no indivíduo a sensação de impotência e também o autoquestionamento. O objetivo deste artigo é destacar as categorias de Humanização, Integração e Responsabilidade, como elementos essenciais para a “saúde saudável” no “novo normal”.  A Metodologia estrutural se apresenta como pesquisa teórica, de revisão bibliográfica e atualização temática histórica em portais eletrônicos de mídia contemporânea.  Apresenta-se a reflexão acerca da “saúde saudável” em um “novo normal”, a partir de novos comportamentos e práticas humanizadas em resposta às urgências sociais e éticas recém-afloradas.
Cardioprotective Properties Of Xenon
Authors: Shpichko A. I. , Grebenchikov O. A. , Molchanov I. V. , Shabanov A. K. , Shpichko N. P. , Kadantseva K. K.
Published: October 2020

Abstract The review presents the main aspects of the cardioprotective properties of the xenon inhalation anesthetic. Based on the analysis of publications, the article discusses modern views on the mechanisms of the protective action of xenon, realized using pre- and post-conditioning mechanisms, shows major molecular targets and their effects. The article presents the results of experimental studies in vivo and in vitro, which showed the protective effect of xenon on the myocardium and the results of recent randomized clinical trials. The analysis of studies demonstrates the ability of xenon to increase myocardial resistance to ischemia and reperfusion and opens up good prospects for its use in clinical practice in patients with a high risk of cardiac complications.
The Safety of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Treatment of Covid-19
Authors: Levina O. A. , Еvseev A. K. , Shabanov A. K. , Kulabukhov V. V. , Kutrovskaya N. Y. , Goroncharovskaya I. V. , Popugaev K. A. , Kosolapov D. A. , Slobodeniuk D. S. , Petrikov S. S.
Published: October 2020

Relevance. Acute respiratory infection COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCov) coronavirus is severe and extremely severe in 15—20% of cases, which is accompanied by the need for respiratory support. Hyperbaric oxygenation is recognized as an effective therapy for replenishing any form of oxygen debt.

Aim of study. To study the safety of HBO use in patients with COVID-19.

Material and metods. We examined 32 patients with the diagnosis “Coronavirus infection caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2” (10 — moderately severe patients (CT 1–2), 22 — patients in serious condition (CT 3–4), who received course of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO). The procedures were carried out in a Sechrist 2800 chamber (USA) at a mode of 1.4–1.6 AT for no more than 60 minutes. In total, the patients received 141 HBO sessions. Before and after each HBO session, the subjective indicators of the patient’s condition were assessed and the blood oxygen saturation was measured.

Results. An algorithm for HBO course management was developed, which consists in using “soft” modes (up to 1.4 AT) during the first session, followed by pressure adjustment (not higher than 1.6 AT) during the course to achieve maximum therapeutic effect and comfort for the patient. Against the background of the HBO course, the patients showed an increase in blood oxygen saturation in patients in both surveyed groups, as well as positive dynamics in the form of a decrease in shortness of breath, an improvement in general well-being.

Conclusion. The inclusion of daily sessions (at least 4) of hyperbaric oxygenation in “soft” modes (1.4–1.6 ATA) in the complex therapy for COVID-19 has shown its safety and preliminary positive effect on the subjective state of the examined patients and the dynamics of blood oxygen saturation.
Delivery of First Aid to Victims in Road Transportation Accidents
Authors: Baranov A. V.
Published: October 2020

Relevance. Most of the victims of road accidents die prior to the arrival of medical staff, therefore, providing first aid to injured people in the first minutes after receiving injuries is very important for saving human life and health. Timely and skillful provision of first aid to victims of road accidents prevents further deterioration of the state of the human body and can positively affect the entire process of its further treatment and rehabilitation.

Aim of study. To characterize the delivery of first aid to victims of road traffic accidents at the present stage and to outline possible ways for its improvement.

Material and methods. To achieve this goal, an analysis was made of the results of domestic and foreign scientific research and regulatory legal acts on the issue of providing first aid to victims of road accidents. The literature search was carried out in specialized scientific search engines eLibrary, PubMed, Scopus using the keywords: first aid, prehospital stage, road traffic injuries, road traffic accidents. For the analysis, scientific articles published between 1980 and 2020 were selected. Resources with outdated or inaccurate information were excluded, some scientific papers were found by links to articles. The state of the problem of providing first aid to victims of road traffic injuries, for the most part, reflects scientific publications over the past ten years.
Emergency Extra-Intracranial Microanastomosis After Carotid Endarterectomy Complicated With Thrombosis of the Internal Carotid Artery
Authors: Kazantsev A. N. , Shabayev A. R. , Medvedeva E. A. , Shcherbinin A. V. , Chernykh K. P. , Lider R. Y. , Bagdavadze G. S. , Kalinin E. Y. , Chikin A. E. , Linets Y. P.
Published: October 2020

We report a case of emergency extra- intracranial microanastomosis in a patient with acute thrombosis of the internal carotid artery, formed on the first day after classical carotid endarterectomy using a temporary by-pass under conditions of contralateral occlusion. The causes of the complication are analyzed. A set of instrumental examinations was demonstrated, including multispiral computed tomography with angiography of the brain and extracranial arteries, as well as multispiral computed tomography with the study of parameters of cerebral perfusion after acetazolamide. The main stages of surgical correction, the dynamics of clinical indicators are presented. The conclusion was made about the effectiveness and safety of the chosen revascularization strategy.
Creation of Foundations for Emergency Clinical Toxicology Service in Russia
Authors: Goldfarb Yu. S. , Kabanova S. A. , Sleptsov V. I. , Petrikov S. S. , Ostapenko Yu. N. , Potskhveriya M. M.
Published: October 2020

The creation of the organizational foundations of clinical toxicology began after its separation in the first half of the 20th century from forensic medicine, pharmacology, and military and industrial toxicology. In this, the research started in the therapeutic clinic of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine is important, which led to the opening of the country’s first toxicological department at the Institute and made it possible to resolve acute poisoning (AP) issues at a new level. The obvious successes achieved in this direction by the employees of the department served as a prerequisite for the creation of Republican and All-Union AP treatment centers on the basis of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute, where employees began actively work on the preparation of relevant regulatory documents and the organization of toxicological centers (departments) in the regions. As a result, by the end of the twentieth century, the foundation of the toxicological service was created in the Russian Federation — a network of 44 centers (departments) for AP treatment in 41 regions, which today provide specialized assistance to the population of 50% of the territory of the Russian Federation and serves as the basis for the implementation of advanced achievements in this area.

An outstanding role in the formation of clinical toxicology as a new direction in clinical medicine and the creation of a scientific school of clinical toxicologists belongs to E.A. Luzhnikov, member of RAS.

Creation of the organizational foundations of urgent clinical toxicology and its formation as an independent scientific and practical direction in medicine, in which a significant contribution belongs to the staff of N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, are closely related to scientific and practical achievements in this area, the prompt response of specialists to the toxicological situation in the country, as well as adoption of the experience gained in the course of organizational and information and advisory activities. At the same time, timely preparation and publication of legal and regulatory documents regulating practical work in this area are of particular importance.
2011 Interstices Under Construction Symposium: Technics, Memory and the Architecture of History PROGRAMME
Authors: Loo Stephen , Douglas Andrew
Published: October 2020

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PERAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL BAGI KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS FAMILY CAREGIVER ORANG DENGAN SKIZOFRENIA (ODS) RAWAT JALAN
Authors: Atikah Amalia  , Rahmatika Rina
Published: October 2020

Ketidakmampuan memenuhi fungsi secara optimal merupakan tantangan yang harus dihadapi oleh family caregiver dalam melakukan perawatan pada pasien orang dengan skizofrenia (ODS) sehingga dibutuhkan dukungan sosial yang dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis dari family caregiver ODS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peranan dari dukungan sosial terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis family caregiver ODS rawat jalan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik pemilihan contoh menggunakan non-probability purposive sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 57 partisipan. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner multidimensional perceived social support (ά=0,659-0,757) dan Ryff Psychological well-being (ά=0,855-0,914) yang telah disesuaikan dengan subjek penelitian. Dukungan sosial diukur dari persepsi partisipan tentang dukungan sosial yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dimensi friends berperan signifikan terhadap dimensi personal growth, positive relationship, dan purpose in life dari kesejahteraan psikologis family caregiver ODS; sementara dimensi family berperan terhadap dimensi environtmental mastery. Hasil penelitian juga menemukan bahwa dimensi significant others tidak berperan signifikan terhadap semua dimensi dari kesejahteraan psikologis family caregiver ODS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dukungan sosial yang dipersepsikan oleh family caregiver ODS rawat jalan berperan penting karena dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologisnya. Hal ini akan dapat mengoptimalkan perawatan yang diberikan oleh family caregiver yang akan berdampak pada proses pemulihan dari anggota keluarga yang mengalami skizofrenia.
Pandemia del coronavirus, tutela cautelar laboral y trabajadores de atención domiciliaria
Authors: Martínez Girón Jesús , Arufe Varela Alberto
Published: October 2020

Este Auto rechaza conceder una medida cautelar, con ocasión de la pandemia del coronavirus, solicitada por un sindicato que representa trabajadores de atención domiciliaria.
El sistema de reparto de la Seguridad Social versus envejecimiento poblacional
Authors: Gutiérrez Bengoechea Miguel
Published: October 2020

Como consecuencia del Estado de Bienestar Social del que goza España la esperanza de vida. Este hecho ha provocado un problema demográfico de carácter estructural que afecta en mayor o menor medida a todos los Estados de la Unión Europea. En España, este problema se agudizará dentro de diez años con la jubilación de la generación conocida como el baby-boom lo que ha puesto en duda la viabilidad del sistema de reparto de la seguridad social diseñado en los años 1963 a 1966 cuando la situación social de España y las necesidades de protección eran muy distintas a las que imperan actualmente.

Además con carácter coyuntural, desde el año 2006 España ha estado inmersa en una crisis económica como consecuencia de los efectos de la globalización económica en el ámbito financiero y por la caída del sector inmobiliario. Este hecho ha provocado un descenso de cotizantes lo que se agravado aún mucho más con la pandemia del Covid19 que ha supuesto una caída del PIB en más del 9 por ciento y, por ende, en un descenso significativo del número de cotizantes lo que ha suscitado que los partidos políticos se conciencien en la necesidad de que el sistema de reparto de la Seguridad Social se modifique para que sea sostenible en lo que respecta al pago de las pensiones públicas. A partir del año 2011, se han introducido reformas en relación a las pensiones públicas; así, el retraso en la edad de jubilación, el envejecimiento activo, la regulación del factor de sostenibilidad, el índice de revalorización y una recomendación hacia los instrumentos de previsión social privados como complemento de las pensiones públicas pretenden asegurar el principio constitucional de la suficiencia económica de los ciudadanos.
Prevención de riesgos laborales y COVID-19: Intervención de la ITSS y novedades jurisprudenciales en relación a esta materia
Authors: Ruiz Santamaría José Luis
Published: October 2020

Este artículo centra su atención en el análisis de la intervención principal por parte de la Inspección de Trabajo y Seguridad Social, así como de las primeras resoluciones judiciales que se han producido a causa del impacto provocado por la actual pandemia en relación a la seguridad y salud en el trabajo.
The (in)visible barriers to free software: Inequalities in online communities in Spain
Authors: Calvo Dafne
Published: October 2020

Free culture communities support self-learning, peer production, and the distribution of knowledge generated without any restrictions. However, free culture communities are not isolated from the social inequalities of the outside world. Understanding (in)visibility as the (in)ability to address internal under-representation within these communities, this research aims to analyse their member profiles and their perception of this issue. To this end, an online questionnaire was administered to 290 communities and interviews were conducted with members of 37 of these previously surveyed communities. The respondents and interviewees acknowledged that technopolitics requires a broad knowledge of the technical implications of their values, which makes access to and participation in a community more difficult. They also criticised the gender bias of their communities and, last but not least, pointed to other inequalities relating to the sexual orientation, socioeconomic level, or ethnic origin of the members of their communities.
La conformación de sistemas regionales de innovación transfronteriza en Europa: lecciones para la Región Sonora-Arizona en la frontera México-Estados Unidos
Authors: Delgado-Saldívar Martín Alberto , Wong-González Pablo
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: analizar las principales lecciones derivadas del impulso a espacios transfronterizos de innovación en la Unión Europea (UE), como base para reflexionar sobre las perspectivas de conformación de Sistemas Regionales de Innovación Transfronterizos (SRIT) en regiones con amplias asimetrías socio-económicas e institucionales, como sucede en la frontera entre México y los Estados Unidos. Para tal efecto se toma como referencia el caso de la Región Sonora-Arizona. Metodología: la investigación es exploratoria, descriptiva, analítica y utiliza documentos publicados tomando como base la evolución y situación actual de conformación del SRIT en la Región Sonora-Arizona. para así llevar a cabo un ejercicio de contrastación con la experiencia y lecciones obtenidas en la UE, región de vanguardia en este tema. Para el análisis se consideran las dimensiones de innovación, proximidades/distancia y gobernanza. Resultados: la experiencia europea representa un gran referente para comprender las perspectivas y los desafíos para construir un SRIT integrado. Entre los aspectos centrales de contraste están las motivaciones y el enfoque adoptado sobre la integración y la conformación de espacios de innovación transfronterizos, con una visión más integral, de cohesión social y territorial, y una mayor institucionalización a nivel supra-nacional. Limitaciones: son relativamente pocos los estudios comprensivos sobre evolución, resultados e impactos de SRIT. Esta representa un área de oportunidad para avanzar teórica y metodológicamente en el tema. Conclusiones: la proximidad geográfica y la voluntad política, aunque necesarias, no son condiciones suficientes para el establecimiento de SRIT fortalecidos. Se requiere contar con los componentes básicos de un sistema de innovación. Este representa un desafío fundamental que la Región Sonora-Arizona deberá enfrentar en lo inmediato con el fin de escalar en sus etapas de integración del SRIT.
Yumurtacı Tavuk Rasyonlarına Sodyum Bütirat İlavesinin Performans, Yumurta Kalitesi ve Bazı Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: Sevim Behlul , Cufadar Yusuf , Curabay Barışcan
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışma yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarına farklı seviyelerde kaplamalı sodyum bütirat ilavesinin performans, yumurta kalitesi ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, 60 haftalık yaşta, toplam 72 adet yumurta tavuğu, 56 gün süreyle, kontrol ve sodyum bütiratın farklı seviyelerinin ilavesiyle (300, 600 ve 1200 mg/kg) oluşturulan rasyonlarla beslenmişlerdir. Çalışma 6 tekerrürlü olarak, 4 muamele grubunda yürütülmüştür. Deneme sonucunda muamele gruplarının, canlı ağırlık değişimi, yumurta verimi, yem tüketimi, yem değerlendirme katsayısı, yumurta ağırlığı ve yumurta kitlesi üzerine etkisi önemsiz olmuştur. Yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarına sodyum bütirat ilavesi, yumurta kabuk kırılma direnci, yumurta kabuk oranı ve kabuk kalınlığı, yumurta şekil indeksi, ak ve sarı indeksi, hasarlı yumurta oranı ile L*, a* ve b* yumurta sarısı renk kriterleri üzerine etkisi önemsiz olmuştur. Serum parametrelerinden kolesterol, HDL, albümin, Ca ve P düzeyleri bakımından muamele grupları arasında önemli bir fark olmaz iken serum globulin, total protein ve ürik asit seviyeleri bakımından görülen farklılıklar önemli olmuştur. Deneme sonuçlarına göre, 60 haftalık yaştaki yumurta tavuklarında performans ve yumurta kalitesinin iyileştirilmesinde rasyona sodyum bütiratın ilavesine gerek olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Scaling Community Pharmacy Transformation with the ‘Flip the Pharmacy’ Implementation Model: Program Origins
Authors: Kondic Anne Marie , Trygstad Troy , McDonough Randy , Osterhaus Matt
Published: October 2020

The rising costs of healthcare, increased chronic illnesses, and healthcare provider burnout has led to an environment desperate for scalable solutions to ease practice burdens. With a projected shortage in the number of primary healthcare providers available to provide team-based care, community-based pharmacy practitioners are accessible and eager to assist. In order to provide enhanced patient care services to aid their clinician colleagues, community-based pharmacists will have to transform their practices to support the provision of enhanced services and medication optimization in value-based payment models. The purpose of this article is to define how multiple factors in pharmacy, healthcare, technology and payment models aligned to create an opportunity for the Community Pharmacy Foundation and CPESN® USA to implement a nationwide community pharmacy practice model called ‘Flip the Pharmacy’.  This new model aims to scale community pharmacy practice transformation and move beyond filling prescriptions at a moment-in-time to caring for patients over time through a 24-month step-wise program paired with in-person pharmacist coaching. Preliminary observations from the first six months of the program highlight community pharmacy as a site of care with community-based pharmacist practitioners providing and documenting targeted patient care interventions. 
 
Article Type: Commentary
The Surrogacy Laws in Australia: What Can Be Useful for Ukraine
Authors:   PhD, Director of Research and Expert Center of Medical and Reproductive Law by Sergii Antonov, ANTONOV S. V.
Published: October 2020

The main question of this article is the identification and comparative analysis of legislative provisions of states and territories of Australia that regulate the use of surrogacy. The particular importance lies in specifying those prohibitions and restrictions, who they are applied to, and how they relate to the human right to procreation. The comparison will be made with the laws of other countries and legislative norms will be determined that will be useful for borrowing into the legislative system of Ukraine. Key words: surrogacy, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), legal regulation of ART methods, surrogate mother
Legal measures to Expand the Access to Treatment during the Pandemic in Ukraine and in the World
Authors:   Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Head of the Harmonization Center human rights and intellectual property rights of the Research Institute of Intellectual Property of the National Academy of Law Sciences of Ukraine, KASHYNTSEVA O. Y. , TROFYMENKO M. M. ,   Master of Law, Legal Adviser of the Charitable Organization 100% of Life
Published: October 2020

The article concerns the comparative legal analysis of managed entryagreements (MEAs), compulsory licenses on inventions and the use of pat-ented inventions without the permission of an owner of the patent rights in order to ensure the health of the population and in emergency circum-stances. The authors determine the essential conditions and special fea-tures of such agreements. In article the authors present the analysis of theinternational legal regulation of the market of patent rights in the field ofpharmacy. Managed entry agreements are the effective legal instrumentfor ensuring access to innovative medicines, which are still in the post-clin-ical stage, while the compulsory licensing and the government use in thepublic interests could expand access to generic versions of medicines. All ofmentioned legal measures are available in Ukrainian legislation, but noneof them has been used yet. Key words: managed entry agreements, compulsory licenses, govern-ment use, intellectual property, human rights, access to medicines.
Self-isolation as an Anti-epidemiological Measure: Protection or Violation of Human Rights
Authors:   Doctor of Law, Researcher, Faculty of Law Lund University (Sweden), Senior Lecturer the Institute of Criminology of the University Malmo (Sweden), LITYNSKA Y. G. , KARPENKO O. V. ,   lawyer, founder of the Law Office Karpenko Alexandra,   member Committee on the Rule of Law of the National Bar Association Of Ukraine
Published: October 2020

In this article we review the legal regulation of an obligation to self-isolatein Ukraine. For the period from 22 April 2020 till 22 June 2020 four groupsof persons were obliged to self-isolate due to COVID-19. These groups are:persons diagnosed with or suspected to have COVID-19, persons that havebeen in contact with those diagnosed with COVID-19, those who consentedto self-isolation when entering Ukrainian borders instead of being placed inspecial facilities, and everyone aged 60 and above. In the article, we analysewhether an obligation to self-isolate should be viewed as interference with the right to liberty and security or with the freedom of movement for eachof these groups. The analysis focuses on the Constitution of Ukraine and theEuropean Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and FundamentalFreedoms. We also study circumstances when the above-mentioned rights canbe limited lawfully in cases related to spread of infectious diseases, such asCOVID-19. This article questions if the actions of Ukrainian government andexisting legal regulation of obligatory self-isolation meet the requirements oflawful limitation of rights. Key words: self-isolation, right to liberty and security, freedom of movement,ECHR; COVID-19.
Taking into Account the Child’s Own Views in the Field of Medical Care: International Standards and Experience of Ukraine
Authors:   Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, MYRONOVA H. A. ,   Senior Researcher of the Departmentprivate international law and comparative lawResearch Institute of Private Law and Entrepreneurshipnamed after Academician FG Burchak of the National Academy of Legal SciencesUkraine
Published: October 2020

The Convention on the Rights of the Child (UN) outlines the fundamentalrights of the child, which is also the basis for regulating relations in the fieldof care. In particular,States Parties shall assure to the child who is capable of forming his orher own views the right to express those views freely in all matters affectingthe child, the views of the child being given due weight in accordance with theage and maturity of the child.In Ukraine, both legislation and most researchers believe that a clear agerestriction on a child's ability to consent to healthcare is necessary. However,the child's competence to make autonomous informed decisions about medicalintervention is not always directly dependent on age, but is individualized.Therefore, the problem of taking into account the child's opinion when providinghis or her medical care requires public discussion and development of newlegal tools. Key words: The Convention on the Rights of the Child (UN), taking intoaccount the child's thoughts, the child's competence to consent to medicalintervention.
Investigation of culture conditions by Response Surface Methodology and kinetic modeling for exopolysaccharide production by Klebsiella oxytoca ICCF 419 strain, using lactose as substrate
Authors:   National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Bucharest, Romania, TOMULESCU CATERINA , MOSCOVICI MIŞU , STOICA ROXANA MĂDĂLINA , ALBU GABRIEL BUJOR , SEVCENCO CLAUDIA , VAMANU ADRIAN
Published: October 2020

The objective of this work was to optimize the bioprocess parameters, using Klebsiella oxytoca ICCF 419 to obtain an exopolysaccharide based on lactose as substrate. A kinetic study was employed and Logistic and Gompertz models were applied to describe the polysaccharide production, in relation with biomass growth and substrate consumption. The RSM methodology based on Central Composite Rotatable Design was used to evaluate and optimize the effect of lactose, corn extract, KH2PO4 and citric acid concentrations as independent variables on the polysaccharide production, biomass growth and substrate consumption as the response functions. The interaction effects and optimal parameters were obtained using Design Expert Software (version 9.0.6.2). The significance of the variables and their interactions was tested by means of ANOVA analysis with a 99% confidence level. The optimum culture conditions were determined and the model prediction was compared with experimental results. At an initial value of 23.45 for the C/N in the fermentation medium, the strain produces 17.41 g/L of crude polysaccharide and 2.53 g/L dry biomass. The EPS production was significantly influenced by lactose, corn extract and KH2PO4, while the citric acid had no influence. The biomass growth was influenced by the corn extract, KH2PO4 and citric acid.
Metabolomic profile of colorectal cancer patients and its clinical implications
Authors:   Surgery Department. County Hospital Alba, Bld. Revolutiei 1989, No. 23, Alba Iulia, Romania, RĂCHIERIU CLAUDIU , GRAUR FLORIN , MOIS EMIL , SOCACIU CARMEN , ENIU DAN TUDOR , HAJJAR NADIM AL
Published: October 2020

Background: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a great public health issue and the outcomes of treatment depends on early diagnosis. Metabolomics may provide biomarkers for early diagnosis, staging, prognosis and follow-up. Methods: The authors searched for the results of the published studies existing in medical databases (PubMed) for all the changes in the main metabolic pathways (carbohydrate, lipid, aminoacid, nucleotide and other important metabolites) of the CRC patients and how the metabolic changes can be used as biomarkers, for tumor staging, prognosis and follow-up. Results: While most of the metabolites values in biological fluids or tissue samples are modified (either increased or decreased) and the results are usually constant across the studies it seems that only patterns of metabolites (fingerprints of 5, 15 or even 30 metabolites) can be used for the regarding issues mentioned above. Conclusion: Some studies conclude that some metabolomic models are statistically much better than current existing markers and may become screening methods in the near future.
The molecular detection of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in a small group of patients from Romania
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Doctoral School of Biology, Bucharest, Romania, GRIGORE LILIANA-GEORGIANA , RAȚIU ATTILA CRISTIAN , IONICA CONSUEL SEVERUS , SAVU LORAND , STOICA ILEANA
Published: October 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify and classify the spectrum of small polymorphisms found in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in breast cancer risk-assessed patients. Methods and results: The detection of germline mutations was performed by targeted amplification of 47 samples, followed by NGS and mutation data analysis. We identified 62 short polymorphisms that were classified according to their clinical significance reported in ClinVar database: three pathogenic, four with conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity, five likely benign, 46 benign, two without clinical evaluation and two not previously reported. Conclusions: Among the detected polymorphisms a few are shared by most patients and might be prevalent in the Romanian population, a hypothesis that requires further investigation. The detection of only three pathogenic mutations suggests the need to extend the panel of breast cancer predisposing genes. It is conceivable that a mutational screening based primarily on risk factor evaluation would detect a lower number of pathogenic mutations than in confirmed breast cancer cases. Our results contribute to the setup of a BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations database for the Romanian population.
Confirmed child patient with covid-19 infection, opperated for associated surgical pathology – first pediatric case in Romania
Authors:   The Faculty of Medicine “OVIDIUS”, Campus, Aleea Universității, nr. 1, Corp B, Constanța, Constanța County, Romania, COSTEA DANIEL-OVIDIU , ENACHE FLORIN-DANIEL , BAZ RADU , SUCEVEANU ADRIAN PAUL , SUCEVEANU ANDRA I. , ARDELEANU VALERIU , MAZILU LAURA , COSTEA ANDREEA CRISTINA , BOTEA FLORIN , VOINEA FELIX
Published: October 2020

Background: The year 2020 will remain in history as a challenge for the humanity due to the pandemic situation caused by the Coronavirus – COVID-19 disease. The virus spread rapidly throughout the world, affecting people of all ages including children. Objectives: The purpose of the research was to present the first case in Romania of a child infected with COVID-19, operated for associated surgical pathology. Materials and Methods: The case presented in this paper is a 6 years and 9 months old female child with COVID-19 infection admitted in the Clinic of Pediatric Surgery of Constanta Emergency County Hospital and operated for a peritonitis with appendicular abscess. In the last 7 days she presented transient abdominal pain with episodes of fever that referred to antipyretics. Results: From a surgical point of view, the case is ordinary, without possible redoubtable complications but the clinical picture was atypical due to coronavirus infection. The viral infection did not have a symptomatic history, as in most adult cases, but the lung x-ray showed infectious changes, which is why she was tested for potential COVID-19 infection, with a positive result. Conclusion: The case showed the clinical picture of atypical coronavirus infection in children. Viral infections in children have more abdominal tropism, with mesenteric lymphadenitis, which in some cases can lead to appendicular inflammation with secondary appendicitis. Undiagnosed in time, it can be complicated by peritonitis and any other type of appendicular infectious pathology.
Microcalorimetric growth evaluation of Candida albicans in different conditions
Authors:   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, POPA MIHNEA GABRIEL , MUNTEAN ANDREI-ALEXANDRU , POPA VLAD TUDOR , DRAGOMIRESCU CERASELLA CRISTIANA , EREMIA IRINA , NICA SILVIA , POPA MIRCEA IOAN , CÎRSTOIU CĂTĂLIN
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the growth pattern of a lyophilized Candida albicans strain using microcalorimetry. Microcalorimetry is a method that can record the thermal flow released by the basal metabolism of a microorganism. Using a dedicated data acquisition and processing software, the method can provide a growth curve, which is specific to every microorganism. We have obtained the growth pattern of Candida albicans in different conditions with the objective of determining various growth “fingerprints” that we can afterwards use within a diagnostic method. Experiments where undertaken at five different temperatures 26°C, 30°C, 34°C, 37°C and 40°C and at different suspension volumes in the microcalorimetric cell: 200 μl, 400 μl, 600 μl, 800 μl. Our experiments provided real-time, reproducible information about fungal growth, with expected differences due to the various changes in growth conditions.
Effects of simulated microgravity on the morphology of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs)
Authors:   Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, SON HOANG NGHIA , CHI HO NGUYEN QUYNH , THANH LE NGOC PHUONG , HAN TRUONG THI , HAN NGUYEN THAI MINH , CHUNG DOAN CHINH , LONG LE THANH
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to assess the effects of simulated microgravity on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) morphology. The results showed that the area of MEFs under simulated microgravity was 7843.39 ± 551.31 µm2 which was lower than the control group (9832.72 ± 453.86 µm2). The nuclear area of MEFs under simulated microgravity (290.76 ± 4.58 µm2) and the control group (296.8 ± 4.58 µm2) did not statistically differ. In addition, the nuclear shape value of the MEFs under simulated microgravity and the control group did not statistically differ (0.86 ± 0.006 vs. 0.87 ± 0.003, respectively). The nuclear intensity of MEFs under simulated microgravity (19361 ± 852) was higher than the control group (16997 ± 285). Moreover, the flow cytometry analysis indicated the reduced G0/G1 phase cell ratio and the increased S phase and G2/M phase cell ratio in MEFs under simulated microgravity. Simulated microgravity also induced a decrease in diameter of actin filament bundles of the MEFs under simulated microgravity (1.61 ± 0.33 µm) compared to the control group (1.79 ± 0.32 µm). These results revealed that simulated microgravity is capable of inducing the morphological changes of mouse embryonic fibroblasts.
Silver nanoparticles inhibit E. coli virulence via down-regulation of fimH gene
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Department of Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Splaiul Independenței Street, no. 91-95, sector 5, 050095, Bucharest, Romania, IBRAHEEM SUMAYAH ABDULHUSSIEN , KADHEM AL-KELINE HAITHAM ALI , JABIR MAJID SAKHI , KAHACHI RUSUL AL , GRADISTEANU PIRCALABIORU GRATIELA , BUDU VLAD , GHEORGHE IRINA , ALEXANDRU IONELA , MIHAILESCU DAN
Published: October 2020

Nowadays, nanoparticles are employed in a vast number of downstream biological approaches including drug delivery,imaging of tumors and antimicrobial therapy. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are one of the most common type of nanoparticles used in medical applications. This study aimed to identify the mechanism of action exhibited by AgNPs against E. coli bacterial strains. The antibacterial activity of Ag NPs was tested using the agar well diffusion assay ands their mode of action was investigated by AO-EtBr staining and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the effect of AgNPs nanoparticles on E. coli fimH gene was carried out using qRT-PCR. Ag NPs exhibited antimicrobial activity against uropathogenic E. coli strains. We show here that Ag NPS acted on the cytoplasmic membrane and nucleic acid of bacteria resulting in a loss of integrity and increased permeability, nucleic acid damage, and down-regulated expression of the fimH gene.
Effect of different self-etch adhesive application methods on the shear bond strengths of composite resin to dentin
Authors:   George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Morphology of Teeth and Dental Arches, KEREKES-MATHE BERNADETTE ,   Technology of Dental Prosthesis and Dental Materials, 38 Gh. Marinescu Str., 540139, Targu Mures, Romania, SZEKELY MELINDA , CSISZER ORSOLYA , KIS MELINDA , NIMIGEAN VANDA ROXANA , NIMIGEAN VICTOR , DORNER KINGA
Published: October 2020

Dental adhesion is a complex phenomenon that has challenged the conventional biomechanical principles applied to Dental Medicine. Many of the advances in aesthetic restorative dentistry are due to dental adhesion: bond of direct resin-based restorations, bond of all ceramic restorations, bond of orthodontic brackets, bond of indirect resin-based restorations and improving tooth shape and colour. An adhesive is a material that not only joins two substrates together, but also transfers loads from one surface to another. Therefore, the performance of dental adhesion is measured through adhesion strength. This paper aims at investigating the influence of application method and the optional preliminary acid etching on the shear bond strengths of a composite resin to dentin, using self-etch adhesives in single or double layer. Buccal surfaces of 40 extracted human teeth were prepared and dental adhesives were applied on the dentin surfaces. Microshear bond strength increased when double-layer application was used, but this improvement was adhesive dependent. The use of optional preliminary acid etching did not improve significantly the bond strength to dentin.
“Pinteresque” as an artistic method. The Theatre Of Harold Pinter
Authors: Arzhantсeva Kseniia
Published: October 2020

Harold Pinter is a prominent theater reformer and creator of the unique style, which in criticism received a name of “Pinteresque” that plays on the playwright’s last name and artistic distinctness of his works. The subject of this article is the examination of “Pinteresque” as a special form of drama created by H. Pinter. Attention is given to the impact of Franz Kafka on the artistic method of Harold Pinter, which manifests in creation of the characters, as well as in general philosophical concept. The novelty of this work is defined by the reference to the phenomenon of “Pinteresque” as a method of realization of peculiarities of artistic method of the playwright. As a result, the author reveals the principles that comprise and define the simultaneously real and absurd world of H. Pinter’s plays, when the human is daily overcast with a treat, origins of which remain outside of their understanding, and violence takes place to which they have to nothing oppose.
The image of China in K. Balmont’s poem “The Great Nothing”
Authors: Porol Polina Vadimovna
Published: October 2020

This article reviews the image of China in Konstantin Balmont’s poem “The Great Nothing”. Significant attention is given to interpretation of the poem. The author refers to the cultural and historical realias of China, as well as mythology and philosophy. Genesis of the image of Zhuang Zhou and peculiarities of his perception by the poet is revealed. The goal of this work consists in determination of semantic saturation of the image of China in reception of Konstantin Balmont. The line of reasoning and conclusions of the author of this article are founded on the critical research and contrast of two cultures. Analysis of the poem is conducted from the semantic perspective with search for textual parallels. The study reveals the poet's reference to the traditions and philosophy of China ("Sunyata”, concept of symmetry, treatise “Zhuang Zhou”, concept of Chinese painting), use of mythopoetic images (Dragon, Unicorn, Phoenix); interprets the image of dragon and its variation in cultural tradition of Russia and China; defines the words used by the poet for describing linguistic realias of Chinese culture (the expression "Go West"). The novelty of this research consists in the analysis of K. Balmont’s reception, and identification of the source that motivated the poet to create a poem. Examination of the semantic  saturation of the image of China in the poetry of K. Balmont gives a new perspective upon understanding the culture of the Silver Age.
Anthroponymic space of the novella “Wolves Do Not Sleep” By L. Gabyshev, I. Zozulya: semantics and functions of the name
Authors: Gabysheva Luiza L'vovna , Basharina Zoya Konstantinovna
Published: October 2020

This article analyzes the anthroponymy of the detective novella “Wolves Do Not Sleep” (1974) by Lev Gabyshev and Ivan Zozulya, which reflects the author's message, promotes understanding and perception of the text by readers. The subject of this research is the semantics and functions of literary names in artistic space of the text, process of adding meaning, and saturation of content of onym. The goal of this work is to determine functions and multidimensional semantics of anthroponyms based on the internal form of the word, connotations and paronymic associations, as well as reveal the impact of all implicit and explicit components of onym upon discovery of intentions and worldview orientations of the authors. The article is first to analyze the system of literary names of the novella “Wolves Do Not Sleep” by L. Gabyshev and I. Zozolya, and reveal the meanings and functions of the last names of the protagonists. The work contributes to further development of methodology of analysis of proper nouns in artistic space of the text, specification of such fundamental concepts as connotative semantics, function of onym, text, language game, etc The conclusion is made that the literary names of the novella differ in semantic diversity, have a vast and complex lexical background, and characterized as multifunctional symbols. Onyms perform the role of linking structural elements of semantic space of the text, ensuring its coherence. In addition to the text-forming function, anthroponyms fulfill a characteristic and meaning-making function; indicating the spatial-time coordinates of the text as a whole, they localize the character in a certain time and geographical space, giving information on his national affiliation. Being involved in creation of semantic multidimensionality of the text, literary names are verbal means for realization of the author's intentions and worldview.