bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Family and School as the Environment of Value Formation in Adolescent Students
Authors: YUSUFOĞLU Alim Emin
Published: September 2021

Bireyin gelişimi ve değerler sisteminin oluşumu konusu her zaman önemini korumaktadır. Bilimsel ve pedagojik literatürde, değerler sisteminin oluşumu kavramıyla, bireyde olumlu nitelikler geliştirmeyi amaçlayan çabalar, gayretler ve
eylemler anlaşılmaktadır. Genellikle değerler sistemindeki temel nitelikler iyi ahlâk, insanseverlik, disiplin, merhamet, hoşgörü, dürüstlük, yardımlaşma, çalışkanlık, sorumluluk vb. niteliklerdir. Aslında, değerler sisteminin
oluşumu, bireyin yaşamında ihtiyaç duyduğu davranış, değer, bilgi ve inanç normları ile ahlaki, manevi ve milli normları öğrendiği ve içselleştirdiği bir süreçtir. Bu görevin gerçekleştirilmesinde, değerler eğitimin ana kurumları
olan aile ve okul arasındaki yakın işbirliğine özel önem verilmektedir. Günümüzde zor koşullar altında gelişimini sürdüren toplumda genç neslin değerler sisteminin oluşumu sorunu giderek önem kazanmaktadır. Toplumun gelişiminin
şu döneminde, okul ve ailenin temel görevlerinden biri, genç nesilde bir değerler sisteminin oluşturulması, doğru ahlaki, dini ve manevi normların geliştirilmesidir. Ancak günümüzde öğrencilerin değerler sisteminin oluşumunda okul
ve aile arasındaki işbirliği halâ yetersiz kalmaya devam etmektedir. Konunun ehemmiyeti ve yeni bilimsel araştırmalara duyulan ihtiyaç, bu çalışmanın seçimini ve amacını belirlemiştir. Araştırmada dokümantasyon metoduna bağlı olarak
literatür incelemesi yapılmış, konuyla ilgili Rusça çalışmalardan istifade edilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, aile ve okul ortamında ergenlerde değerler sisteminin oluşturulması konusunu teorik boyutuyla ele almak, ergenlerde
değerler sisteminin oluşumunun özelliklerini incelemek, okul ve aile arasındaki işbirliği sürecinde ergenlik çağındaki öğrencilere yönelik değerler eğitiminin yapılması konusunu değerlendirmektir.
Searches for Turkish Religion and Culture in the Foundation Period of the Republic
Authors: TUNÇ İsmet , ELÇE Delila
Published: September 2021

Osmanlı Devleti’nin ardından Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, yeni bir toplumsal düzen inşa edilerek kurulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu düzenin kurulması aşamasında geçmişe dair yoğun bir dini ve kültürel arayış içine girildiği görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda
Asya’nın bağlantılı olduğu bölgeler ve hatta Çin kültürü dahil geniş bir alanda Türklerin kültürel özellikleri üzerinde yoğun bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Bu bölgelerden Anadolu topraklarına olan kültürel, sosyal, dini ve diğer alanlardaki
bağların tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Böylece bir yandan da Anadolu uygarlıkları ile Türkler arasında din, dil ve kültürel benzerlikler olduğu düşünülmüştür. Bundan ötürü Anadolu’da yoğun bri arkeolojik faaliyet içine girilmiştir. Özellikle
Sümer ve Hitit uygarlıkları ile Türkler arasında yakınlık kurulmuş bu sayede arkeolojik kalıntıların izinde köklü bir uygarlık ve tarihe sahip olunduğu üzerine ulusal kimliğin inşası için pek çok materyal elde edimiştir. Çalışmalar
doğrudan devletin destek vermesiyle sürdürülmüştür. Süreç boyunca Türklerin eski inançlarının tespitine yönelik çalışmalar oldukça ilgi çekicidir. Mevcut dini inanç ve kültürün Orta Asya kökleri, Türklerin İslamiyet’ten önce hangi
inançlara sahip oldukları konusunda önemli çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Mustafa Kemal de konuyla yakından ilgilenmiştir. Özellikle Şamanizmin Türklerin eski dini olarak tanıtıldığı araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Dönemin bazı aydın ve yazarları
Türklerin eski dininin Şamanizm olduğunu iddia etmişlerdir. Günümüzde dahi bu konuda araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. Tüm çalışma ve iddiaları değerlendiren Hikmet Tanyu, Türklerin İslamiyet’ten önce Gök Tanrı inancınına sahip olduklarını
ifade etmiştir. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilk yıllarında Türklerin dini ve geçmiş kültürlerle olan ilişkisi üzerine özellikle arkeoloji, antropoloji, halkbilim ve dinler tarihi alanlarından çokça faydalanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada bahsedilen
yaklaşımlardan hareketle alandaki arayışların bir değerlendirilmesi yapılacaktır. Çalışmanın temel amacı yeni kurulan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde din ve kültür konusunda bir değerlendirme yapıldığının anlaşılmasıdır. Ayrıca bu konuda
dini alanda bir reform isteğinin olduğu hatta bazı arayışların da gerçekleştirildiği görülmektedir. Tüm bunlarla birlikte deskriptif bir yöntemle döneme ait çalışmalar derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Türklerin geçmişlerine yönelik
ilgi Müslümanlıktan önce var olan kültürel uzantıların tespit edilmesine dayanmaktadır. Sonuçta din daha çok kültürel unsurların ön planda olduğu bir olgu olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Больница неизлечимо помешанных
Authors: Гарцони Томазо
Published: September 2021

Томазо Гарцони — итальянский писатель конца XVI века, которого мало кто знает, даже в итальянских пособиях по истории литературы он упоминается одной строкой как автор между маньеризмом и барокко. Его книга «Больница неизлечимо помешанных», вышедшая в 1586 году, — нечто среднее между «Похвалой глупости» Эразма и «Анатомией меланхолии» Бертона: более барочная, чем первая, и менее ученая, чем вторая. Гарцони берется описать все виды помешательства, причем понимает его очень широко: там есть и помешательство во вполне медицинском смысле, и разделы вроде «Безумцы ленивые и нерадивые», «Помешанные простоватые и недалекие», «Помешанные винопийцы», «Помешанные на любви» и т. п.; едва ли читатель не узнает себя хоть в одном из типажей. Каждую главу Гарцони начинает с почтенных античных примеров, но быстро переходит к безумцам, меланхоликам и простофилям родной Италии: это феерическая россыпь анекдотов, колоритных и местами очень смешных. Для специалистов и широкой читательской аудитории. Издание подготовил медиевист Роман Львович Шмараков, доктор филологических наук, доцент Департамента филологии НИУ ВШЭ (петербургский кампус).
Diferentes critérios de definição da periodontite em puérperas jovens e sua associação com o baixo peso ao nascer.
Authors: Sacramento dos Santos Mércia , Sá Lopes Laíra , Gomes-Filho Isaac , Passos-Soares Johelle , Teixeira Cangussu Maria Cristina , Pereira Vianna Maria Isabel
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: comparar três critérios de definição da periodontite na associação da doença periodontal com o baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) em uma população de puérperas jovens de Salvador, BA. Metodologia: aplicaram-se três diferentes critérios de definição da periodontite a uma amostra de 202 mães de bebês com peso ≥ 2.500g (controles) e de 97 mães de bebês com BPN (casos) pertencentes a uma base de dados de um estudo caso-controle prévio. Para a análise da associação entre periodontite e BPN, construíram-se modelos para os três critérios. A regressão logística não-condicional foi realizada para estimar a Odds Ratio (OR) baseada em Intervalos de Confiança a 95%. Resultados: a idade média das mães foi de 26,29 anos. A maioria declarou-se negra/parda (92.64%), não fumante (94,65%) e possuir renda de até um salário-mínimo (61,20%). A ocorrência da periodontite variou de 22,41% a 94,31%, segundo o critério usado. Estimando-se a OR ajustada, a periodontite definida pelo critério 1 [ORajust. =    0,94, IC (95%)= 0,56–1,56], critério 2 [ORajust=1,18, IC(95%)= 0,65-2,13] e critério 3 [ORajust= 0,87, IC(95%)=0,37-3,22] não esteve associada com o BPN. Conclusão: flexibilizar o critério de definição interferiu na magnitude das medidas de ocorrência, mas não influenciou a análise de associação entre a periodontite e o BPN.
Atresia esofágica tipo III associada a ânus imperfurado
Authors: Alves Favareto Ana Paula , Andrade Marra Carolina , Andrade Magalhães Gabriela , Trevisan Del Hoyo Luisa , Bastos Del Hoyo Marcelo
Published: September 2021

Introdução: As malformações congênitas são defeitos que ocorrem durante o desenvolvimento embrio-fetal, principalmente entre a terceira e oitava semana de gestação, podendo ser suspeitada já no período pré-natal. A atresia de esôfago com ou sem fístula traqueoesofágica pode estar associada a outras anomalias congênitas, como o ânus imperfurado, o qual faz parte uma síndrome denominada malformação anorretal. Objetivo: discutir o caso de um recém-nascido (RN) portador de atresia de esôfago tipo III e ânus imperfurado, bem como associar suas ocorrências simultâneas. Relato de caso: paciente masculino, advindo de uma gestação gemelar complicada por pré-eclâmpsia, apresentava ao nascimento ausência do reflexo de busca e sucção, bradicardia e cianose central. Foi diagnosticado com ânus imperfurado e atresia esofágica. Foram realizados cirurgia de Colostomia em Duas Bocas e tratamento cirúrgico da atresia de esôfago. Paciente ficou 48 dias em incubadora com intubação orotraqueal e ventilação mecânica por 26 dias. Resultados: a programação pós alta indicada foi de acompanhamento com cirurgião pediátrico e neurocirurgião. Paciente evoluiu bem e aguarda anorretoplastia. Conclusão: o rápido diagnóstico é tão necessário, nesses casos, quanto as abordagens cirúrgicas. O apoio psicológico aos familiares é de extrema importância, pois visa a melhor aceitação da família frente ao caso, propiciando assim melhores prognóstico e tratamento do paciente.
Acromial type in Brazilian young adults
Authors: Santos de Almeida Jamille , Moura Cardinot Themis , Rodrigues Julio Cesar , Faria Bueno Antônio Celso , Palmeira de Oliveira Liszt , Bandeira Moniz-de-Aragão Afonso Henriques
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Acromion curved and hooked play a key role in shoulder impingement syndrome. Little is known about the acromial type in Brazilian population. Aim: To describe the acromial type profile in Brazilian young adults; to evaluate its correlation to gender and handedness and the occurrence of symmetry between genders. Methodology: Forty acromions of 20 Brazilian adults, both genders, between 21-25 years old were studied. The acromion type was classified by Bigliani/Epstein method by supraspinatus outlet view radiographs. Results: As there was no gender difference in the occurrence of acromial type, we considered male and female groups together. Thus, of the 20 right acromions, we found 5 (25%) type I, 8 (40%) type II and 7 (35%) type III. Of the 20 left acromions, we found 4 (20%) type I, 11 (55%) type II and 5 (25%) type III. The only left-handed volunteer (100%) presented for the right and left shoulder acromial type III. Of the 19 right-handed volunteers, 5 (26.3%) presented right acromion type I, 8 (42.1%) type II, and 6 (31.6%) type III; for the left acromion, 4 (21.1%) presented type I, 11 (57.9%) type II, and 4 (21.1%) type III. Acromial symmetry occurred in female (60%) and male (70%) groups. Conclusion: Type II acromion was the most predominant for right and left shoulder in Brazilian young adults. There was no correlation between acromial type and gender. It was not possible to analyze the correlation between acromial type and handedness. Acromial type tends to be symmetric in our sample.
Análise termográfica da ação do jato de plasma no tratamento de rugas faciais
Authors: Barreto Silva de Cerqueira Carla , Almeida de Carvalho Mylana , Peixoto Leite Márcia Maria , Peixoto Medrado Alena
Published: September 2021

Individual's senescence process takes place slowly and continuously beyond generates several changes including skin aging, since the decline in cellular activities. Countless resources have been created over the years, with the goal of stopping and / or reversing the unsightly aspects of the skin caused by this process. Thus, plasma jet, a new therapeutic resource has been used in order to promote rejuvenation through the reduction of wrinkles and expression lines. Objective: To evaluate the pattern of thermal variation of the tissue treated with a plasma jet, using infrared thermography. Methodology: This was a series of clinical cases involving 5 female patients over the age of 40 who had facial wrinkles. Patients were previously evaluated and anesthetized. Then, plasma jet therapy was performed in the supra-orbital region. Patients were evaluated for thermal imaging before and after anesthesia and post-therapy. Result: It was found through thermographic analysis, a significant variation in the temperature coefficient of the skin where the anesthetic was applied and then the plasma jet (ΔT > 0.4 °C). Conclusion: The present study proved through the use of thermography that the plasma jet was able to generate an increase in local temperature. The authors suggest that such thermal variation may be the result of a process of vasodilation in the treated region.
Efeito modulador do Previcox® sobre a ação carcinogênica da doxorrubicina por meio do teste de tumores epiteliais (ETT) em Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Bontempo Nayara Júnia , Capelari Orsolin Priscila
Published: September 2021

Introdução: a superexpressão da COX-2 relaciona-se com o aumento da produção de fatores de crescimento vascular e como consequência, com o desenvolvimento tumoral. O Firocoxib é um anti-inflamatório não esteroidal utilizado para inflamação associada à osteoartrite em cães. É o inibidor mais seletivo da COX-2, reduzindo eficientemente a ação desta enzima. Estudos indicam os benefícios do Firocoxib na terapia antineoplásica. Objetivo: este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito modulador do Firocoxib sobre a ação da doxorrubicina (DXR) por meio do teste de tumores epiteliais (ETT) em Drosophila melanogaster. Metodologia: foram preparadas três concentrações de Firocoxib: 2,5; 5 e 10 mg/mL, utilizadas isoladamente e em associação à doxorrubicina. O tratamento ocorreu com larvas de D. melanogaster descendentes do cruzamento de fêmeas wts/TM3 com machos mwh/mwh. Resultados: os resultados sugerem que o Firocoxib possui atividade moduladora sobre a ação carcinogênica da DXR, pois houve redução significativa nas frequências tumorais dos indivíduos tratados com diferentes concentrações de Firocoxib em cotratamento com a doxorrubicina quando comparadas à frequência tumoral do controle positivo. Conclusão: conclui-se que, nas presentes condições experimentais, o Firocoxib reduziu a frequência de tumores induzidos pela doxorrubicina em D. melanogaster.
Autoficção - Interstícios Libertários da Dramaturgia
Authors: Sperber Suzi Frankl , Jacopini Juliano Ricci
Published: September 2021

Trataremos da autoficção na composição de dramaturgias contemporâneas como algo inerente à liberdade criadora, apostando no relato sobre si como espécie de caminho para a compreensão de si e ação no mundo, o qual depende de níveis de ficcionalização para gerar acordos que construam uma nova realidade. É disso que precisamos sempre: um mergulho – se possível abissal – em nossa realidade para reinventá-la como ato ético via expressividades singulares, que estão no bojo de nosso território estético. Estabeleceremos um diálogo entre a perspectiva de teatro horizontal (JACOPINI, 2018), a teoria da pulsão de ficção (SPERBER, 2009) e postulados sobre dramaturgia em campo expandido (SÁNCHEZ, 2010 e QUILICI, 2014), enxergando a expansão do campo como uma possibilidade de trabalho sobre si mesmo nas criações contemporâneas, numa tentativa de reconexão com o mundo, numa espécie de expurgo da realidade exterior, no empenho de reconstruí-la.What do you want to do ?New mailCopy What do you want to do ?New mailCopy What do you want to do ?New mailCopy
Beckett e Oida: o desamparo como dissolvência do real
Authors: Pocidônio Rodrigo , Bonfitto Matteo
Published: September 2021

Esse artigo, escrito no fluxo de um jogo, adota como metodologia a ‘Prática como Pesquisa’, olhar que pode ser visto como sendo de matriz fenomenológica e que faz das experiências psicofísicas ignições concretas de elaborações e invenções. O objetivo aqui é perceber o processo criativo do espetáculo Fim de Partida - a partir do olhar de dois atores que o vivenciaram - como sendo gerador de campos dramatúrgicos, que envolvem nesse caso, além da fricção entre o texto de Samuel Beckett e a encenação de Yoshi Oida, também o escancaramento de múltiplos jogos de representação. À guisa de conclusão abrimos a questão de que talvez tais jogos, uma vez expostos, permitam a percepção da noção de ‘desamparo’ visto enquanto abertura perceptiva e criem espaço para a emergência de dissolvências no âmbito do assim chamado real.
Dramaturgia do Ritmo
Authors: Cunha Christiane da , Gardel André
Published: September 2021

Aborda-se, aqui, a pesquisa e desenvolvimento de uma dramaturgia do ritmo, enredada nas tessituras transdisciplinares das criações [título do espetáculo removido para avaliação] e [título do espetáculo removido para avaliação]. De caráter prático-teórico, no campo poético entre a dança, o desenho, a arte sonora e a cenografia digital, a pesquisa partiu da vivência orgânica e imagética do corpo que dança em meio às forças geradas no encontro vibracional do ritmo sonoro com o ritmo motriz – na zona de contato com cosmologias animistas africanas, afro-americanas e afro-ameríndias brasileiras. Diferentemente do antropocentrismo, o cerne do animismo não seria o homem mas a sociabilidade entre todos os seres – na qual o ritmo é um elemento primordial das relações. Por meio do entrelaçamento de práticas artísticas contemporâneas com a multiplicidade de agenciamentos e alteridades que caracterizam o animismo, buscou-se trabalhar transdisciplinarmente uma dramaturgia do ritmo, envolvendo práticas e circuitos diversos. Desta forma, mediante a interlocução de saberes animistas na gênese da criação artística, foi elaborada uma perspectiva decolonial do ritmo no campo expandido da arte.
Computational investigation of metal organic frameworks as potential drug carriers for antihypertensive amlodipine
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Yang Zhen , Che Yuanyuan , Zhang Yaojie , Zhang Zhihao , Zhao Chun‐Xia
Published: September 2021

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been recognized as promising materials for biomedical applications such as drug storage and drug delivery. In this study, grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to investigate the adsorption of an antihypertensive drug amlodipine in 28 different MOFs. Among them, 19 MOFs, which were identified to outperform those traditional materials, were screened to perform molecular dynamic (MD) simulations in order to select promising candidates for drug carriers of amlodipine, and then five representative MOFs were explored further to elucidate the mechanism of amlodipine adsorption. This is the first study to investigate the correlations between self‐diffusion coefficients of drug molecule and its adsorption heat, pore volumes, and largest cavity diameters of MOF‐74 series. This work provides valuable insights in drug adsorption and diffusion mechanisms in MOFs at the molecular level enabling us to speed up the MD screening of suitable drug carriers prior to experiments.
KI‐Methoden zur Integration tragwerksplanerischen Wissens in frühe Phasen des Gebäudeentwurfsprozesses
Authors: Schnellenbach‐Held Martina , Steiner Daniel
Published: September 2021

Eine frühe Integration der tragwerksplanerischen Expertise in den Prozess des Gebäudeentwurfs ermöglicht eine effiziente Unterstützung der hochkomplexen Planungsentscheidungen. Zur Bereitstellung und Verwendung des dafür geeigneten Erfahrungswissens des Ingenieurwesens wurde ein wissensbasiertes System (WBS) entwickelt. Dieses kann durch den Einsatz von entwicklungsstufenbezogenen unscharfen Wissensbanken sowie zugehöriger Inferenzsysteme eine Beurteilung von Tragstrukturen und Vorschläge von Entwurfsoptionen leisten. Das Entwicklungsstufensystem enthält eine Bewertung von Tragsystemen basierend auf der Possibilitätstheorie und umfasst Konzepte der adaptiven Entwicklungsstufen. Durch den Einsatz der leicht verständlichen Formulierung von Regeln im Modus Ponens und von Inferenzmechanismen der Fuzzy Logic wird dabei die Nachahmung des menschlichen Entscheidungsverhaltens ermöglicht. Zur Akquise des Wissens werden Parameterstudien mit der Berechnung und Bemessung von Tragelementen des Stahlbetonbaus durchgeführt. Praxiserfahrungen bestimmen die für die im üblichen Hochbau zu erwartenden Strukturen zu berücksichtigenden Wertebereiche. Mechanismen zur Berücksichtigung einer möglichen Ungewissheit von Entwurfsgrößen werden bereitgestellt. Das resultierende WBS ermöglicht schließlich eine Steigerung der Effizienz des Planungsprozesses bereits in frühen Planungsphasen.
Does it matter when I quit? Could I just cut down some? Links between trimester‐specific smoking amount, preterm birth, and low birth weight
Authors: Osborne Jahla B. , Bailey Beth A.
Published: September 2021

Background

Substantial evidence demonstrates the harms of pregnancy smoking. Due to the need for very large data sets, less data exist to inform decisions about when quitting should occur, or whether a certain amount of reduction is beneficial.

Objectives

Our goal was to examine the effect of timing and amount of pregnancy smoking on low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB).

Methods

Data for 3 years of registered births in Tennessee were available and included standard birth certificate information.

Results

Of 241,616 women, 15.7% smoked at conception, and those who quit as early as the first trimester had significantly increased adjusted odds of LBW (27%) and PTB (14%) compared to nonsmokers, with this effect largely driven by smoking 10+ cigarettes per day. Smoking into the second trimester but quitting prior to the third also predicted increases in LBW and PTB compared to both not smoking at all and smoking only in the first trimester. Smoking to delivery predicted a 2.8‐fold increased likelihood of LBW, and a 2.1‐fold increased rate of PTB. Any level of smoking after the first trimester substantially increased the odds of poor outcomes compared to both nonsmoking and smoking only in the first trimester.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that to avoid LBW or PTB, pregnant smokers should be advised that quitting completely by the end of the first trimester is important, and that continuing to smoke even <5 cigarettes per day after that point substantially increases the potential for of adverse outcomes.
Faculty views of CBE, self‐efficacy, and institutional support: An exploratory study
Authors: Prokes Christopher , Lowenthal Patrick R. , Snelson Chareen , Rice Kerry
Published: September 2021

Competency‐based education (CBE) is essentially an approach to teaching and learning featuring flexible pacing, robust competencies, and an emphasis on student completion. CBE differs from traditional education that focuses instead more on seat time and credit hours. Though CBE has existed on college campuses in many forms, faculty are often inexperienced in teaching CBE. Facing growing demands for CBE, institutions must find ways to prepare faculty to take part in CBE. This mixed methods study explored faculty views of CBE, their self‐efficacy, and beliefs about support mechanisms needed for those teaching and delivering CBE. Findings suggest faculty have mixed though balanced views of CBE, generally high self‐efficacy due to the importance of mastery experiences, and believe in the importance of specific learning opportunities in an environment built on collaboration to ensure CBE faculty are supported and can thrive. Findings can help institutions with CBE or those considering it to support faculty and ensure they are trained in teaching courses in this modality.
New‐onset vitiligo following mRNA‐1273 (Moderna) COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Kaminetsky Joshua , Rudikoff Donald
Published: September 2021

The COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines not only provide remarkable protection but also have been characterized by an overall safe and well‐tolerated side effect profile. Herein, we discuss a rare but manageable cutaneous reaction to COVID vaccination in order to further characterize dermatologic reactions and stress the continued vaccination of eligible patients.
Oxidative Cross‐Coupling Reactions between Two Nucleophiles†
Authors: Lu Lijun , Li Hao , Lei Aiwen
Published: September 2021

Comprehensive Summary

Oxidative cross‐coupling reactions between two nucleophiles have become one of the most important tools to construct chemical bonds in organic synthesis methodology. Directly using hydrocarbons to synthesize valuable chemicals is an ideal and economical process because hydrocarbons are cheap, abundant and readily available. The account covered a brief introduction about our efforts on the development of oxidative cross‐coupling reactions. We discovered this reaction model by the cross‐coupling of two organometallic reagents. Related mechanisms were revealed by the characterization of reaction intermediates and the study of reaction kinetics through operando spectroscopy, such as in‐situ IR (infrared), EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance), Raman and XAS (X‐ray absorption) spectroscopy. Representative applications, such as oxidative cross‐coupling reactions with H2 evolution, exhibited their high atom economy and step economy.

What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?

Oxidative Cross‐Coupling – The chemistry between two “nucleophiles”.

How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?

My first contact with palladium chemistry was the halopalladation of acetylene in 1998. Then I worked on palladium enolate and found it could initiate a transmetalation reaction. Until 2006, I found that desyl chloride (a halogenated hydrocarbon) showed different reactivity with organometallic reagents due to the halophilic and oxyphilic properties, thus we achieved the cross‐coupling between two organometallic reagents. At that moment, we started the research about “Oxidative Cross‐coupling Reactions – the chemistry between two nucleophiles.

What is the most important personality for scientific research?

Hard‐working, passion and ambition (安钻迷).

What are your hobbies? What are your favorite book(s)?

Sports. Jin Yong's martial arts novels, Morrison's Organic Chemistry, Electronic Interpretation of Organic Chemistry.
Asymmetric Aminations and Kinetic Resolution of Acyclic α‐Branched Ynones
Authors: He Faqian , Shen Guosong , Yang Xiaoyu
Published: September 2021

Comprehensive Summary

An efficient method for asymmetric synthesis of acyclic α‐tertiary amine derivatives has been achieved through enantioselective aminations of α‐branched ynones with azodicarboxylates enabled by chiral phosphoric acid catalysis. Moreover, kinetic resolution of racemic starting material was realized under these conditions, which gave access to valuable enantioenriched α‐substituted ketones. A wide array of α‐aryl and alkyl‐substitutions, and the substituted alkynyl groups were well compatible with this method, producing both the amination products and the recovered ketones with good to high enantioselectivities.
Cardio‐ankle vascular index as a predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in metabolic syndrome patients
Authors: Limpijankit Thosaphol , Vathesatogkit Prin , Matchariyakul Dujrudee , Yingchoncharoen Teerapat , Siriyotha Sukanya , Thakkinstian Ammarin , Sritara Piyamitr
Published: September 2021

Background

Arterial stiffness, as reflected in the cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI), is a risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).

Hypothesis

Combining CAVI and metabolic syndrome (MetS) may enhance prediction of MACEs in a general adult population.

Methods

A total of 3807 employees of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand were enrolled in a longitudinal health study during 2007‐2008. Baseline characteristics were collected and CAVI determined. Subjects with previous coronary artery disease or stroke were excluded from analysis. MetS was defined using the modified NCEP‐ATP III for Asians. The primary study endpoint was occurrence of a MACE (myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death).

Results

MetS was present in 39.2% at study baseline. The prevalence of CAVI > 9 was higher in subjects with MetS compared to those without (33.7% vs. 28.5%, P = 0.001). During the 12.4 ± 0.6 years follow‐up, 227 participants developed MACEs and 350 died. MetS was more common in patients who developed a MACE (8.2% vs. 5.0%, p < 0.001) than was non‐MetS, but it was not a significant risk after adjusting covariables. Participants with CAVI > 9 had greater risk for MACEs 1.34 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.79) relative to those with CAVI < 9. Participants with both MetS and CAVI > 9 had the worst outcomes, with the highest frequency of MACEs, among the four groups.

Conclusion

Arterial stiffness assessed by CAVI may enhance prediction of future MACEs, adding to the null predictive power of MetS. This index can be used to motivate MetS patients to modify their life‐styles for prevention.
A method of parameter estimation for cardiovascular hemodynamics based on deep learning and its application to personalize a reduced‐order model
Authors: Zhou Yang , He Yuan , Wu Jianwei , Cui Chang , Chen Minglong , Sun Beibei
Published: September 2021

Precise model personalization is a key step towards the application of cardiovascular physical models. In this manuscript, we propose to use deep learning (DL) to solve the parameter estimation problem in cardiovascular hemodynamics. Based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) and fully connected neural network (FCNN), a multi‐input deep neural network (DNN) model is developed to map the nonlinear relationship between measurements and the parameters to be estimated. In this model, two separate network structures are designed to extract the features of two types of measurement data, including pressure waveforms and a vector composed of heart rate (HR) and pulse transit time (PTT), and a shared structure is used to extract their combined dependencies on the parameters. Besides, we try to use the transfer learning (TL) technology to further strengthen the personalized characteristics of a trained‐well network. For assessing the proposed method, we conducted the parameter estimation using synthetic data and in vitro data respectively, and in the test with synthetic data, we evaluated the performance of the TL algorithm through two individuals with different characteristics. A series of estimation results show that the estimated parameters are in good agreement with the true values. Furthermore, it is also found that the estimation accuracy can be significantly improved by a multicycle combination strategy. Therefore, we think that the proposed method has the potential to be used for parameter estimation in cardiovascular hemodynamics, which can provide an immediate, accurate, and sustainable personalization process, and deserves more attention in the future.
Sodium Bicarbonate Prescription and Extracellular Volume Increase: Real‐world Data Results from the AlcalUN Study
Authors: Beaume Julie , Figueres Lucile , Bobot Mickaël , de Laforcade Louis , Ayari Hamza , Dolley‐Hitze Thibault , Gueutin Victor , Braconnier Antoine , Golbin Léonard , Citarda Salvatore , Seret Guillaume , Belaïd Lisa , Cohen Raphaël , Luque Yosu , Larceneux Fabrice , Seervai Riyad N. H. , Overs Camille , Bertocchio Jean‐Philippe ,   the Club des Jeunes Néphrologues
Published: September 2021

Oral alkalization with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or citrate is prescribed for conditions ranging from metabolic acidosis to nephrolithiasis. Although most nephrologists/urologists use this method routinely, extracellular volume (ECV) increase is the main feared adverse event reported for NaHCO3. Thus far, no trial has specifically studied this issue in a real‐world setting. AlcalUN (NCT03035812) is a multicentric, prospective, open‐label cohort study with nationwide (France) enrollment in 18 (public and private) nephrology/urology units. Participants were adult outpatients requiring chronic (>1 month) oral alkalization by either NaHCO3‐containing or no‐NaHCO3‐containing agents. The ECV increase (primary outcome) was judged based on body weight increase (ΔBW), blood pressure increase (ΔBP), and/or new‐onset edema at the first follow‐up visit (V1). From February 2017 to February 2020, 156 patients were enrolled. After a median 106 days of treatment, 91 (72%) patients reached the primary outcome. They had lower systolic (135 (125, 141) vs. 141 (130, 150), P = 0.02) and diastolic (77 (67, 85) vs. 85 (73, 90), P = 0.03) BP values, a higher plasma chloride (106.0 (105.0, 109.0) vs. 105.0 (102.0, 107.0), P = 0.02) at baseline, and a less frequent history of nephrolithiasis (32 vs. 56%, P = 0.02). Patients experienced mainly slight ΔBP (< 10 mmHg). The primary outcome was not associated (P = 0.79) with the study treatment (129 received NaHCO3 and 27 received citrate). We subsequently developed three different models of propensity score matching; each confirmed our results. Chronic oral alkalization with NaHCO3 is no longer associated with an ECV increase compared to citrate in real‐life settings.
Inpatient use of metformin and acarbose is associated with reduced mortality of COVID‐19 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Jinghong , Wei Qi , McCowen Karen C. , Xiong Wei , Liu Jiao , Jiang Wenlijun , Thomas Robert L. , Hepokoski Mark , He Ming , Shyy John Y. J. , Malhotra Atul , Xiong Nian , Li Willis X.
Published: September 2021

Aims

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a strong risk factor for complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The effect of T2DM medications on COVID‐19 outcomes remains unclear. In a retrospective analysis of a cohort of 131 patients with T2DM hospitalized for COVID‐19 in Wuhan, we have previously found that metformin use prior to hospitalization is associated with reduced mortality. The current study aims to investigate the effects of inpatient use of T2DM medications, including metformin, acarbose, insulin and sulfonylureas, on the mortality of COVID‐19 patients with T2DM during hospitalization.

Methods

We continue to carry out a retrospective analysis of a cohort of 131 patients with T2DM hospitalized for COVID‐19 and treated with different combinations of diabetes medications.

Results

We found that patients using metformin (p = .02) and acarbose (p = .04), alone or both together (p = .03), after admission were significantly more likely to survive than those who did not use either metformin or acarbose. 37 patients continued to take metformin after admission and 35 (94.6%) survived. Among the 57 patients who used acarbose after admission, 52 survived (91.2%). A total of 20 patients used both metformin and acarbose, while 57 used neither. Of the 20 dual‐use patients, 19 (95.0%) survived.

Conclusion

Our analyses suggest that inpatient use of metformin and acarbose together or alone during hospitalization should be studied in randomized trials.
AC Line Filter Electrochemical Capacitors: Materials, Morphology, and Configuration
Authors: Tang Haichao , Tian Yang , Wu Zhongshuai , Zeng Yujia , Wang Yang , Hou Yang , Ye Zhizhen , Lu Jianguo
Published: September 2021

Recently, more and more supercapacitors (SCs) have been developed as AC line filter capacitors, which are generally named AC line filter electrochemical capacitors (FECs). Compared to traditional bulky aluminum electrolytic capacitors (AECs), FECs have higher capacity and lower space occupancy, which makes them a strong competitor. However, different from the common SCs for energy storage, it is necessary to consider the frequency response of the SCs for AC line filtering, where the contradiction between frequency response and specific capacitance is a challenge. The researchers have proposed different solutions from the perspective of materials, morphology, and configuration for this challenge. Based on the above background, in this review, we briefly introduce the principle and parameters of AC line filter electrochemical capacitors. We systematically summarize the state‐of‐the‐art progresses of FECs and discuss their possible application and development in the future. The development of FECs can greatly promote the planarization, integration, and miniaturization of filter capacitors, and provide a new solution for the utilization of green and unstable energy.
Developments in fuel cells and electrochemical batteries using nanoparticles and nanofluids
Authors: Ghosh Soumalya , Subudhi Sudhakar
Published: September 2021

Addressing the world's requirements for energy in a reasonable manner is broadly viewed as perhaps the biggest difficulty challenging mankind in the 21st century. Almost a billion people around the world do not have access to electricity, and around 3 billion people rest on nonrenewable energy sources resulting in massive air pollution, which creates an expected 7 million passing for each year. Therefore, there is a need of measures to incorporate to diminish energy utilization and utilization of electricity using fuel cells, solar cells, batteries and so on. Many previous studies have confirmed on the technical and economic benefits using nanotechnology for sustainable energy production. This paper reviews studies on impact of nanofluids and nanoparticles in fuel cells and electrochemical batteries. The objective of this paper is to use the various types of nanoparticles or nanofluids and applying them as cell components (like electrodes and electrolyte) or electrocatalysts, which would affect directly in the improvement of electrical power of the cell/battery.
Low Serum Cholinesterase Identifies Patients With Worse Outcome and Increased Mortality After TIPS
Authors: Stockhoff Lena , Muellner‐Bucsics Theresa , Markova Antoaneta A. , Schultalbers Marie , Keimburg Simone A. , Tergast Tammo L. , Hinrichs Jan B. , Simon Nicolas , Gerbel Svetlana , Manns Michael P. , Mandorfer Mattias , Cornberg Markus , Meyer Bernhard C. , Wedemeyer Heiner , Reiberger Thomas , Maasoumy Benjamin
Published: September 2021

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an effective treatment for portal hypertension‐related complications. However, careful selection of patients is crucial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of serum cholinesterase (CHE) for outcomes and mortality after TIPS insertion. In this multicenter study, 389 consecutive patients with cirrhosis receiving a TIPS at Hannover Medical School, University Hospital Essen, or Medical University of Vienna were included. The Hannover cohort (n = 200) was used to initially explore the role of CHE, whereas patients from Essen and Vienna served as a validation cohort (n = 189). Median age of the patients was 58 years and median Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 12. Multivariable analysis identified MELD score (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.16; P < 0.001) and CHE (HR: 0.61; P = 0.008) as independent predictors for 1‐year survival. Using the Youden Index, a CHE of 2.5 kU/L was identified as optimal threshold to predict post‐TIPS survival in the Hannover cohort (P < 0.001), which was confirmed in the validation cohort (P = 0.010). CHE < 2.5 kU/L was significantly associated with development of acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (P < 0.001) and hepatic encephalopathy (P = 0.006). Of note, CHE was also significantly linked to mortality in the subgroup of patients with refractory ascites (P = 0.001) as well as in patients with high MELD scores (P = 0.012) and with high‐risk FIPS scores (P = 0.004). After propensity score matching, mortality was similar in patients with ascites and CHE < 2.5 kU/L if treated by TIPS or by paracentesis. Contrarily, in patients with CHE ≥ 2.5 kU/L survival was significantly improved by TIPS as compared to treatment with paracentesis (P < 0.001). Conclusion: CHE is significantly associated with mortality and complications after TIPS insertion. Therefore, we suggest that CHE should be evaluated as an additional parameter for selecting patients for TIPS implantation.
Improved method to stratify lymphoma patients with risk of secondary central nervous system involvement: A multicenter retrospective analysis
Authors: Lang Mingxiao , Feng Youqin , Meng Xiangrui , Zhao Jing , Song Zheng , Qian Zhengzi , Qiu Lihua , Zhou Shiyong , Liu Xianming , Li Lanfang , Yang Haiyan , Song Yuqin , Li Wei , Zhang Huilai
Published: September 2021

Secondary central nervous system (SCNS) involvement is an infrequent but universally fatal event in diffused large B‐cell lymphoma. The occurrence rate of SCNS involvement is approximately 5% but comes with a poor prognosis ever after. However, existing risk models to predict the incidence and prognosis of these patients with SCNS involvement lack both efficiency and accuracy. Controversy has also been reported regarding which risk factor may best identify the population with a high CNS relapse rate. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 831 patients with diffused large B‐cell lymphoma, diagnosed between March 2008 and June 2018 in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital, and Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Science. Risk factors and nomogram were identified and established based on Fine and Gray's competing risk analysis. Among these patients, 55 (6.6%) of them eventually developed SCNS involvement. The 1‐ and 2‐year incidence for SCNS involvement were 3.9% and 4.7%, respectively. The median time from de novo diagnosis to CNS relapse was 8 months, and the median overall survival of these patients was 28 months. Considering the competing mortality before SCNS involvement, Fine and Gray's competing risk model was performed to analyze the characteristics related to SCNS involvement, and identified risk factors as the multiple extranodal involvements, elevated LDH and AMC level, and the involvement of breast, adrenal gland/kidney, pulmonary and bone. Corresponding factors were integrated into the competing nomogram for SCNS involvement (c‐index = 0.778). In conclusion, we present the first predictive nomogram to evaluate the risk to develop SCNS involvement in de novo DLBCL patients, which may help in both prognostic evaluation and clinical decision for this subgroup.
Solidarity across borders: A pragmatic need for global COVID‐19 vaccine equity
Authors: Obinna Denise N.
Published: September 2021

The COVID‐19 pandemic is one of the most disruptive social, political and economic crises of the modern era. In today's interconnected world, the pandemic shows how quickly infectious disease outbreaks can spread across continents. Since the initial outbreak, the introduction of several vaccines has brought hope to a virus‐weary world. In spite of the remarkable results of approved vaccines, many lower‐middle countries are yet to receive a single vaccine shot. This manuscript highlights the fact that global health inequities have intensified during the pandemic. While many wealthy nations have ramped up vaccination efforts and cautiously opened their borders, many in the developed world are still waiting to be inoculated. With the rise of several resistant variants, this work argues that public health policy experts demand a greater need for global solidarity in vaccine access. This is not only important ethically, but it is also a pragmatic response.
Vertical variations and transport mechanism of soil moisture in response to vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Qiu Dexun , Gao Peng , Mu Xingmin , Zhao Baili
Published: September 2021

Soil moisture is essential for vegetation restoration in arid and semi‐arid regions. Ascertaining the vertical distribution and transportation of soil moisture under different vegetation types has a profound effect on the ecological construction. In this study, the soil moisture at a depth of 500 cm for four typical vegetation types, including Robinia pseudoacacia, Caragana korshinskii, Stipa bungeana, and corn, were investigated and compared in the Zhifanggou watershed of the Loess plateau. Additionally, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes were detected to identify the transport mechanism of soil moisture. The results showed vertical distribution and transportation of soil moisture were different under different vegetation types. Depth‐averaged soil moisture under S. bungeana and corn generally increased along the profile, while C. korshinskii and R. pseudoacacia showed weakly increasing and relatively stable after an obvious decreasing trend (0–40 cm). The soil moisture under R. pseudoacacia was lower than that under other vegetation types, especially in deep layer. However, the effect of R. pseudoacacia on soil moisture in the topsoil (< 30 cm) could be positive. For R. pseudoacacia (160–500 cm), C. korshinskii (0–500 cm), and S. bungeana (0–100 cm), the soil moisture declined with increased in vegetation age. Planting arbor species such as R. pseudoacacia intensified the decline of soil moisture on the Loess Plateau. The capacity of evaporation fractionation of soil moisture followed the sequence: corn > S. bungeana > R. pseudoacacia > C. korshinskii. The δ18O values in soil water fluctuated across the profile. The δ18O values changed sharply in upper layer and generally remained stable in deep layer. However, in middle layer, the vertical distribution characteristics of the δ18O values were different under different vegetation types. We estimated that piston flow was the main mode of precipitation infiltration, and the occurrence of preferential flow was related to vegetation types. These results were helpful to improve the understanding of the response of deep soil moisture to vegetation restoration and inform practices for sustainable water management.
Uterine autolysis: An unusual presentation of post‐cesarean sepsis
Authors: Singh Anuradha , Puri Manju , Shakarwal Shalini , Aggarwal Gargi
Published: September 2021

Maintenance of proper asepsis, rational use of antibiotics, early recognition of sepsis, and timely management are key components for the prevention of post‐cesarean infection and its associated morbidity and mortality.
Population Pharmacokinetics of TAK‐931, a Cell Division Cycle 7 Kinase Inhibitor, in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Zhou Xiaofei , Ouerdani Aziz , Diderichsen Paul Matthias , Gupta Neeraj
Published: September 2021

A population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis was conducted to characterize sources of interpatient variability on the PK of TAK‐931, a cell division cycle 7 kinase inhibitor, in adult patients with advanced solid tumors using data from 198 patients who received oral TAK‐931 over the range of 30 to 150 mg once daily in multiple dosing schedules in 2 phase 1 and 1 phase 2 clinical studies. A 2‐compartment model with 2 transit compartments describing the absorption and first‐order linear elimination adequately described the PK of TAK‐931. The apparent oral clearance (CL/F) of TAK‐931 was estimated to be 38 L/h, and the terminal half‐life was estimated to be approximately 6 hours. Creatinine clearance (CrCL) was identified as a covariate on CL/F, and body weight as a covariate on CL/F, apparent central volume of distribution, and apparent intercompartmental clearance. Simulations using the final model indicated that the effect of CrCL (≥35 mL/min) or body weight (29.8‐127 kg) on TAK‐931 systemic exposures was not considered clinically meaningful, suggesting that no dose adjustments were necessary to account for body weight or renal function (CrCL ≥35 mL/min). Sex, age (36‐88 years), race, and mild hepatic impairment had no impact on the CL/F of TAK‐931. Taken together, the population PK analysis supports the same starting dose of TAK‐931 in Asian and Western cancer patients in a global setting.