bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the Role of Karang Taruna in the Development of Village Based Tourism in Indonesia
Authors: Susilo Heryanto , Widyaswari Monica , Widodo Widodo , Mardliyah Sjafiatul , Nusantara Widya
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the optimization of the role of Karang Taruna in the development of village-based tourism in Indonesia, specifically in Hulaan Village, Menganti District, Gresik Regency, East Java. This research employs a qualitative method with the collection of primary and secondary data. Primary data is obtained through interviews with various informants, while secondary data is supported by the results of observations and documentation. Data analysis is conducted using Miles and Huberman’s interactive analysis technique. The results indicate that Karang Taruna plays an essential role in developing tourism in Hulaan Village through youth skills training and the optimization of local products such as bean sprouts and lontong. Support from the village government and the availability of good water sources are key to the success of production and sustainable tourism development. This study concludes that the optimization of Karang Taruna’s role can serve as a model for village-based tourism development in other regions of Indonesia.
Hotel Quality Ratings and Financially Sustainable Performance in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Taib Nursyuhada , Amirrudin Mira Susanti , Abdul Aris Nooraslinda
Published: November 2024

Background and Purpose: The hotel industry is essential in the wider tourism sector by providing various services. This study investigates the relationship between specific quality ratings and financial sustainable performance among hotels in Malaysia, focusing on Return on Assets (ROA) and Liquidity. The non-financial hotel quality evaluations studied include customer evaluations of hotel cleanliness, location, value for money, sleep quality, hotel service, and room quality. Methodology: A total of 56 hotels registered with the Malaysian Hotel Association (MAH) were selected based on the annual report from 2020 to 2022. Secondary data was obtained through hotel websites and Datastream, while non-financial performance-related information was obtained from TripAdvisor. Findings: This study shows that hotel quality ratings based on customer evaluation of hotel services, sleep quality, and location are the main factors influencing the sustainable financial performance of Malaysian hotels. Customer satisfaction is the key determinant of hotel success; focusing on quality service and competitive pricing is essential. Hotels must invest in technology, provide a pleasant atmosphere, and encourage customer feedback. Regular performance evaluations and strategy adjustments are needed to maintain sustainable performance. Contributions: The findings have significant implications for the hotel and tourism industry, offering valuable insights that can guide strategic marketing and operational planning initiatives to enhance overall performance. Hotels and tourism operators should leverage this information to develop tailored strategies to capitalize on current trends. These findings can shape the development of marketing campaigns aimed at effectively reaching and engaging customers.
MANIPULACIJA JAVNIM MNIJENJEM POMOĆU UMJETNE INTELIGENCIJE: STUDIJA SLUČAJA LAŽNIH OGLASA
Authors: Gregić Margareta , Lesinger Gordana
Published: November 2024

Današnja je stvarnost uvelike tehnološki utemeljena. Umjetna inteligencija (UI) kao grana informatike koja izučava inteligentne strojeve i softvere na velika vrata unosi promjene koje su se donedavno činile daleke. Pomoću umjetne inteligencije stvaraju se sintetičke vijesti, videomaterijali i fotografije koje izgledom odgovaraju stvarnosti, ali nisu autentične. Algoritmi umjetne inteligencije tako bivaju trenirani za manipulaciju javnosti.
Umjetna inteligencija revolucionirala je razne industrije, a medijski sektor nije iznimka. Korištenje umjetne inteligencije za stvaranje manipuliranih slika pokazuje njezinu moć za stvaranje vrlo realističnih, ali izmišljenih vizualnih prikaza. Iako to prikazuje potencijal za vizualnu manipulaciju, ono naglašava i važnost medijske pismenosti i kritičkoga mišljenja u eri u kojoj se granice između stvarnoga i lažnoga mogu lako zamagliti. Ovaj rad u svome prvom dijelu u kratkim će crtama pokazati povezanost umjetne inteligencije i medija, a u drugome dijelu kroz studiju slučaja pokušat će potvrditi hipotezu o mogućnosti pozitivnih inicijativa za povećanje svijesti o opasnosti od određenih pojava koje su plasirane kroz deepfake videa. U raspravi i završnome dijelu rad će pojasniti važnost medijske pismenosti u prosudbi istinitosti informacija plasiranih u javnosti te se osvrnuti na mogućnost dodatnih inicijativa u borbi protiv lažnoga oglašavanja.

Ključne riječi: deep fake, lažno oglašavanje, medijska pismenost, umjetna inteligencija
BUDUĆNOST NOVINARSKIH ŽANROVA U KONTEKSTU PROMJENA UVJETOVANIH RAZVOJEM UMJETNE INTELIGENCIJE
Authors: Vasilj Miroslav , Marić Tokić Silvana , Lovrić Matea
Published: November 2024

Sve je veći broj tekstova u novinarstvu koje generira umjetna inteligencija. Mnoge velike medijske korporacije u suradnji s kompanijama umjetne inteligencije razvijaju interne softvere koji proizvode tekstove. Rad se bavi načinom na koji novinari u Bosni i Hercegovini u skladu s mogućnostima mogu koristiti umjetnu inteligenciju za generiranje sadržaja kroz različite novinarske žanrove. Za studiju slučaja izdvojena je utakmica prvoga kola Europske nogometne lige između HŠK Zrinjskoga i AZ Alkmaara. Varijable bit će različiti žanrovi: od vijesti, izvješća, liveblogginga, komentara, analize i reportaže. Metodologija korištena u radu jest analiza sadržaja. Istraživanje će se raditi tako da će predočena tema biti zadana Chat GPT-u koji nakon unosa osnovnih podataka, kao što su odgovori na četiri pitanja iz 5W – tko, što, gdje, kada, generira sadržaj o utakmici kroz različite novinarske žanrove. Cilj je rada na osnovi istraživanja pokušati dati odgovor na koji način umjetna inteligencija, koja je dostupna novinarima u BiH u ovome trenutku, odgovara profesionalnim novinarskim standardima, posebice kod pisanja pomoću različitih formi, te kako bi u budućnosti mogla utjecati na same novinarske žanrove.

Ključne riječi: umjetna inteligencija, Chat GPT, novinarski žanrovi, vijest, komentar
UNIŠTENJE REPUTACIJE ALATIMA UMJETNE INTELIGENCIJE – DEEPFAKE
Authors: Prlić Lana
Published: November 2024

Govor mržnje smatra se jednim od izazova suvremenoga društva i demokracije. Ne postoji univerzalna definicija govora mržnje, a time ni jedinstven mehanizam borbe protiv njega. Umjetna inteligencija svojim brzim razvojem zauzima i ovaj aspekt u društvu kroz generiranje teksta u online prostoru, točnije društvenim mrežama, koje su najveći poligon za širenje govora mržnje. Govor mržnje alat je za uništavanje reputacije. Na društvenim mrežama cilj mu je i sustavno uništavanje reputacije kroz jasno targetiranje žrtve i gotovo orkestriran napad na osobu, kompaniju ili skupinu ljudi. Sustavno uništavanje reputacije znači oslabljivanje mete tako da se stavi pod upitnik, ponajviše, moral ili neko stajalište. Alati umjetne inteligencije, kao što je deepfake, koriste se upravo radi uništavanja reputacije. Digitalna moć kroz umjetnu inteligenciju, točnije alat deepfake, omogućava širenje ovakve vrste sadržaja. To je alat koji je lako dostupan te je, u biti, krivotvoren sadržaj koji se stvara putem programiranja i velikoga broja podataka, koji koristi sav materijal i sadržaj dostupan o određenoj budućoj žrtvi kojoj reputacija želi biti uništena. Metodom analize sadržaja u radu je prikazana analiza uništavanja reputacije putem deepfakea, kroz primjere, te su definirani pojmovi umjetne inteligencije, reputacije, uništavanja reputacije kroz alate umjetne inteligencije kao dio govora mržnje na društvenim mrežama, s posebnim naglaskom na deepfake.

Ključne riječi: umjetna inteligencija, reputacija, deepfake, govor mržnje
Genetic Diversity and Demographic History of Wax Moths, Galleria mellonella Linnaeus, 1758 and Achroia grisella Fabricius, 1794 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: Sopaladawan Piyamas Nanork
Published: November 2024

Wax moths, Galleria mellonella Linnaeus, 1758 and Achroia grisella Fabricius, 1794 are the key pests of honeybee colonies worldwide. They cause wax comb damages which lead to colony perishing and absconding. To control these pests, their genetic background and evolution should be considered. In this study, genetic diversity and demographic history of 2 species of wax moth were explored based on mitochondrial genes (COI). Wax moths were collected from northeatern part of Thailand for morphological and DNA analyses. G. mellonella and A. grisella sequences from GenBank were included for genetic diversity and demographic history analyses (total of 80 and 26 sequences, respectively). Overall genetic diversity for A. grisella samples from Northeastern Thailand was relatively low (h = 0.467 ± 0.132 and π = 0.00150 ± 0.00042). Likewise, low genetic diversity was also observed in G. mellonella samples (h = 0.280 ± 0.101 and π = 0.00046 ± 0.00017). Among samples from different global regions, the haplotype and nucleotide diversity of A. grisella were 0.834 ± 0.050 and 0.00996 ± 0.00124, respectively. The haplotype and nucleotide diversity of G. mellonella were 0.709 ± 0.034 and 0.01084 ± 0.00279, respectively. The ML tree revealed that these 2 species were separated into 2 major clades (G. mellonella clade and A. grisella clade). All sequences corresponding to G. mellonella formed to a single monophyletic clade, while all the sequences corresponding to A. grisella formed another single monophyletic clade. Clade G. mellonella was divided into 4 subclades designated as Clade Gm1, Gm2, Gm3 and Gm4, whereas A. grisella clade was divided into 3 subclades designated as Clade Ag1, Ag2 and Ag3. The sum of squares deviation (SSD) and Harpending’s raggedness index (rg) and the results of Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs tests indicated population expansion was not found in either species.
HIGHLIGHTS

This study highlighted the genetic diversity of wax moths Galleria mellonella Linnaeus, 1758 and Achroia grisella Fabricius, 1794 in Thailand and other parts of the world.
Population expansion was not observed in either species.
The results will be useful to predict directions of population distribution of wax moths under certain factors.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Optimizing Solvent Extraction for Potent Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities: A Study on Ampelocissus martini Root
Authors: Siripipatthana Patthraporn , Nakornriab Muntana , Wangwasit Khanit , Sangdee Aphidech , Ruttanaprasert Ruttanachira
Published: November 2024

The selection of extraction solvents is a critical factor influencing the composition and concentration of phytochemicals in plant extracts, thereby leading to variations in their biological activities. In this study, Ampelocissus martini Planch., an edible plant traditionally used for its medicinal properties, was investigated for its phytochemical profile and biological activities. We assessed the impact of different solvents used in fractionating the aqueous methanolic root extract of the plant on its phytochemical content, as well as its antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties. Among the 3 fractions—ethyl acetate, butanol, and water-soluble—the butanol fraction exhibited significantly higher levels of total phenolics and proanthocyanidins, while the ethyl acetate fraction contained the highest levels of total flavonoids and saponins. The water-soluble fraction showed lower concentrations of these compounds compared to the other 2 fractions. The butanol fraction demonstrated superior antioxidant activity, outperforming other fractions and several standard antioxidants, as evidenced by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC assays. Additionally, the butanol fraction showed greater antidiabetic activity, indicated by a lower IC50 value, although it was still less effective than acarbose, a synthetic antidiabetic drug. Correlation analysis revealed a significant association between total proanthocyanidin content and the observed levels of antioxidant and antidiabetic activities across the fractions. All fractions also exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Based on these findings, butanol emerges as the optimal solvent for extracting specific phytochemicals with potent antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities from the aqueous methanolic extract of A. martini root. The butanol fraction holds promise as a natural source of antioxidants for managing diabetes and its associated complications.
HIGHLIGHTS

Butanol extract showed strong antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, rich in proanthocyanidins.
Strong link was found between proanthocyanidins and bioactivities in A. martini.
Butanol fraction showed promise as a natural antioxidant for diabetes management.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
International Workshop on Indigenous Communities and Government Partnerships for Protected Area Management: Workshop Summary Report
Authors:   International Workshop on Indigenous Communities and Government Partnerships for Protected Area Management
Published: November 2024

The International Workshop on Indigenous Communities and Government Partnerships for Protected Area Management was held on September 2022 on the homelands of the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe. This event, hosted by the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, gathered approximately 55 Indigenous and government representatives from the U.S., Chile, Canada, and Mexico. The Participants represented Indigenous communities, organizations, and Tribal governments involved with marine, coastal, and terrestrial protected areas, as well as federal government representatives selected for their existing relationships with the Indigenous communities and the associated protected areas. The workshop, the first of its kind, was organized to facilitate dialogue among the Indigenous community and government representatives to share their unique experiences, identify and address concerns, and collectively develop recommendations to advance shared governance and collaborative management of protected areas with their respective federal government agencies.
FORMULASI DAN UJI SIFAT FISIK PERMEN EDIBLE FILM EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SAGA (Abrus precatorius L)
Authors: Rina Widiastuti  , Ismiyati Nur , Syaikha Fahrun Nisa
Published: November 2024

The fungus Candida albicans is one of the causes of mouth ulcer whose growth can be inhibited through the activity of saga leaf extract which contains saponin and flavonoid compounds. One of the efforts to facilitate the use of ethanolic extract of saga leaves is to make it into edible film candy preparations. This study aims to evaluate the physical properties of edible film candies containing an ethanol extract of saga leaf with varying concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The ethanol extract of saga leaves was prepared using the maceration method with 70% alcohol, resulting in a 5% concentration of ethanol extract of saga leaves. The HPMC concentrations used varied between 3.5%, 2.5%, and 1.5%. Subsequently, the resulting edible film underwent physical property tests, including organoleptic evaluations, moisture content, pH, thickness, weight determination, and dissolution time. The analysis revealed that the edible film exhibited a thin shape and a blackish-green color, along with a distinctive aroma of the extracts and sweet, bitter, and minty flavors. The pH of the edible film was 6, with a moisture content of less than 20%, and a fold resistance of less than 100. Moreover, it only melted without dissolving. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the thickness and weight of the edible film among the variations in HPMC concentration. In conclusion, the comparison of HPMC concentration affects the physical properties of edible film candy containing ethanol extract of saga leaves, and HPMC concentration of 2.5% is a suitable choice to meet the requirements of edible film according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI).
VALIDASI METODE ANALISIS KUERSETIN DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimum sanctum L) SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis
Authors: Kurniawati Evi , Lestari Tri Puji , Pertiwi Krisna Kharisma
Published: November 2024

Basil leaves, scientifically known as Ocimum sanctum L., are a medicinal plant commonly used by the public because of their abundant secondary metabolite chemical compounds. One of them is flavonoids, secondary metabolites found in basil leaves, which have antioxidant properties. Quercetin, a flavonoid compound, exhibits valuable biological properties beyond its antioxidant effects, including antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. This research was carried out with the aim of determining the quercetin content contained in the ethanol extract of basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L) by validated UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. Basil leaves are macerated with 70% ethanol. The extract is then concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Next, phytochemical screening was carried out to identify secondary metabolites in the extract, followed by UV-Vis spectrophotometric quantification. Based on the test results, it can be seen that the analysis of quercetin levels using UV-Vis spectrophotometry is validated for all parameters that meet the requirements. A significant relationship is shown by the linearity test, the correlation coefficient (r) is 0.9963. These results show good specificity, with test accuracy ranging from 90% to 107%, namely 103.9%. In addition, the precision test shows the %RSD value is less than 2%. The ethanol extract of basil leaves has an average quercetin content of 10.811% w/w.
Contrastive Inverse Regression for Dimension Reduction
Authors: Hawke Sam , Ma Yueen , Luo Hengrui , Li Didong
Published: November 2024

Supervised dimension reduction (SDR) has been a topic of growing interest in data science, as it enables the reduction of high-dimensional covariates while preserving the functional relation with certain response variables of interest. However, existing SDR methods are not suitable for analyzing datasets collected from case-control studies. In this setting, the goal is to learn and exploit the low-dimensional structure unique to or enriched by the case group, also known as the foreground group. While some unsupervised techniques such as the contrastive latent variable model and its variants have been developed for this purpose, they fail to preserve the functional relationship between the dimension-reduced covariates and the response variable. In this paper, we propose a supervised dimension reduction method called contrastive inverse regression (CIR) specifically designed for the contrastive setting. CIR introduces an optimization problem defined on the Stiefel manifold with a non-standard loss function. We prove the convergence of CIR to a local optimum using a gradient descent-based algorithm, and our numerical study empirically demonstrates the improved performance over competing methods for high-dimensional data.
DIREITO DIGITAL NO BRASIL: PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS PESSOAIS NO CIBERESPAÇO
Authors: Mendonça Francisco Cardoso , Sousa Sarah Emelly Lopes de Andrade
Published: November 2024

The increasing digitalization of society and the popularization of the internet have brought significant challenges to the protection of personal data in Brazil. This article addresses the impact of the General Data Protection Law (LGPD) and the Civil Framework of the Internet on the national scenario, contextualizing the main norms and regulations focused on security in cyberspace. In addition, it discusses the performance of the National Data Protection Authority (ANPD) and the relationship between Brazilian Digital Law and international regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union. Finally, it discusses a little about the main challenges in the practical implementation of LGPD and its future perspectives.
Money Isn't Everything: Buying and Selling Sex in Twentieth-Century Argentina
Authors: Simonetto Patricio
Published: November 2024

Just a few years before becoming President, Juan Domingo Perón penned a letter demanding the reopening of government sponsored brothels near military bases. This, he believed, was a necessary preventative for homosexuality. His letter exemplified the then widespread panic over sexual deviance that came just a few years after a panic surrounding immigrant sexualities led to the criminalization of prostitution. In this book, available for the first time in English, Patricio Simonetto captures the anxiety, regulation, and tolerance of sex work that has defined Argentina's heterosexual and patriarchal national identity. Consulting judicial papers, prison archives, and secret police reports, Simonetto illustrates the state's authoritarian, violent, and moralistic interventions against dissident sexualities and how they transcended political shifts across liberal and military governments. He narrates the life stories of those who offered, exploited, or were consumers of sex work and draws connections between sex work, government policy, and Argentina's economy. This impressive study provides a lens into the ever-shifting constructions of heteronormative masculinities that produced political agendas and social hierarchies that continue to influence Argentina today.
Research on developing digital accounting in small and medium enterprises in Vietnam
Authors: Vu Thi Huyen  , Nguyen Khanh Ly
Published: November 2024

Digital transformation (DX) at the government level has contributed to the digital transformation process in enterprises. Digital transformation of enterprises has paved the way for digital transformation in the accounting sector. The integration of technologies such as big data and cloud computing has helped promote accounting processes to become more efficient, faster and more accurate. This has made accounting processes more flexible, provided valuable financial information through reports and significantly changed the traditional role of the accounting industry (Duyen et al., 2023). Digital transformation in the accounting sector brings two important benefits: changing the way of working to become more efficient and replacing some accounting and auditing tasks with software applications such as accounting software and electronic invoices. This helps accountants spend more time performing tasks that require higher expertise and focus on improving skills and expertise. This article analyzes international trends and experiences in applying digital technology to the field of financial accounting, from which, recommendations for Vietnam to develop the field of financial accounting in the digital age. Accounting is one of the fields affected by the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in general and the trend of digital transformation in particular. Technologies in digital transformation applications help the accounting process to be performed in real time, quickly, anytime, anywhere and more securely; accounting organization in enterprises also becomes more flexible and financial reports provide valuable multi-dimensional information. This article clarifies the role and status of digital transformation in the field of accounting, from which it recommends some solutions to help the accounting field in Vietnam successfully transform digitally in the coming time.
Keywords:  Trends, Applications, Digital Technology, Digital Accounting, Vietnam.
Alectinib (Alecensaro)
Authors: CDA-AMC
Published: November 2024

Canada’s Drug Agency (CDA-AMC) recommends that Alecensaro should be reimbursed by public drug plans for adjuvant treatment following tumour resection for patients with stage IB (tumours ≥ 4 cm) to IIIA (according to American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] Cancer Staging Manual, seventh edition) ALK-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) if certain conditions are met.
Alecensaro should only be covered to treat adult patients (≥ 18 years) who have stage IB (tumour ≥ 4 cm) to stage IIIA (per the AJCC seventh edition) ALK-positive NSCLC, have had complete tumour resection, and are in relatively good health.
Alecensaro should only be reimbursed if it is prescribed by clinicians with expertise in managing NSCLC and the cost of Alecensaro is reduced. Alecensaro should be discontinued if a patient’s cancer grows or spreads, if treatment is unacceptably toxic to the patient, or the patient has completed 2 years of therapy with Alecensaro.
Effects of predation pressure and nest-site selection on the breeding success of terns in a Finnish archipelago
Authors: Degot Enzo , Wistbacka Ralf , Kaasalainen Konsta , Lehikoinen Aleksi , Bosco Laura
Published: November 2024

Studying and quantifying the breeding success of species can help to understand population trends and provide conservation guidance. Here, we studied the breeding success of Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea) and Common Tern (Sterna hirundo) colonies in a Natura 2000 site of the Western archipelago of Finland aiming to understand which factors related to nest-site selection and predation pressure best explain breeding success. We monitored 72 tern nests at 4 colonies and observed them during standardized monitoring sessions to record predation attacks on the tern nests. We ran generalized linear models to determine the factors which impact breeding success (hatching and fledging success). Hatching success was high across the 4 colonies with 69% of the eggs hatching, whereas fledging success was low with only 1 colony producing 14 fledglings while all other colonies had zero fledglings surviving (12% total fledging success). Regarding nest-site selection, our results demonstrate that a greater proportion of vegetation cover increases breeding success, likely through better nest concealment against predators. Nests in smaller colonies with a higher nest density and located closer to the colony center also produced more hatchlings and fledglings. Most predation likely happened during the chick stage, while our extrapolation predicted that predation accounts for at least 94% of all chick losses, indicating that predator control would aid breeding success of tern colonies in West Finland substantially.
O CONSUMO DE ÓLEOS VEGETAIS NA PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES
Authors: Ramos Welberth Alves , Fontoura Talinne , Pinto Emanuel Vieira
Published: November 2024

Os óleos vegetais apresentam caráter de gorduras insaturadas, estes são líquidos em temperatura ambiente e apresentam benefícios a saúde cardiovascular, pois atuam aumentando os níveis de HDL. Como os óleos vegetais vão influenciar na redução dos índices de enfermidades do coração? Cujo problema é: o crescente índice de mortes associadas às doenças cardiovasculares. Em contrapartida, o consumo de alimentos mais saudáveis e que reduzam os danos relacionados ao coração tem aumentado de forma significativa, dessa forma a adoção de um melhor estilo de vida tem sido implantado com o intuito de atenuar o número de mortes por doenças do coração. Dessa forma, tem sido amplamente estudado os impactos do consumo dos lipídios sendo as gorduras insaturadas as de papel mais relevante em meio a sociedade, uma vez em que a ingestão das mesmas refletem positivamente na saúde, sendo que há o aumento do “HDL” considerado o colesterol “bom” por atuar como uma proteína carreadora que leva consigo o colesterol “ruim” (LDL) que por conta da sua estrutura tende a se depositar nas veias e artérias, levando a enfermidades como a aterosclerose. Outrossim, o consumo de gorduras insaturadas, presentes em sua grande maioria em alimentos de origem vegetal, demonstrou resultados significativos, reduzindo os índices de LDL e aumentando HDL no sangue. Desempenhando um papel profilático na prevenção de eventos cardíacos. O objetivo deste estudo consistiu em analisar o impacto do consumo de óleos vegetais na prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares, explorar os efeitos cardioprotetores dos ácidos graxos insaturados presentes nos óleos vegetais, estabelecer diretrizes e recomendações para a suplementação de óleos vegetais e investigar a relação entre estilo de vida como também eficácia dos óleos vegetais. O presente artigo teve como método de estudo a observação de dados em artigos científicos, livros e bases de dados, especialmente do Google Acadêmico, onde foram identificados e analisados artigos relevantes sobre o tema. Foram realizados ensaios clínicos, observando através de coletas periódicas as interferências dos óleos vegetais nos níveis glicêmicos. A metodologia destaca o impacto positivo dos óleos vegetais na saúde cardiovascular, analisando o efeito sobre o LDL e HDL dos participantes. A pesquisa conclui que, apesar dos benefícios, a eficácia da suplementação depende de uma adesão a um estilo de vida saudável.
REPENSANDO O PAPEL DO ESTADO NA SEGURANÇA DAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO: A NECESSÁRIA TUTELA ESPECÍFICA DO ESTADO NO COMBATE AOS ATAQUES NAS ESCOLAS
Authors: Passos Wendrel Veloso , Cury Letícia Vivianne Miranda
Published: November 2024

O aumento de ataques violentos em instituições de ensino no Brasil nos últimos anos levanta questões de urgências sobre o papel do Estado na proteção desses espaços. Este artigo busca analisar o papel do Estado na segurança das instituições de ensino, focando na necessidade de medidas específicas para prevenir e combater ataques violentos. Propõe uma abordagem integrada que combine segurança física, apoio psicossocial e prevenção, destacando a importância de monitoramento, políticas de inclusão e combate ao bullying. Defende também o fortalecimento da legislação sobre controle de armas e o monitoramento de redes sociais. Conclui-se que a atuação estatal deve ir além da presença policial, promovendo uma cultura de paz e o envolvimento da comunidade escolar.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE PULMÃO NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ ENTRE 2020 E 2023: DE ACORDO COM OS DADOS DO DATASUS
Authors: Boniatti  Maria Eduarda Sanita , Rauber Rafael , Hermann Michele
Published: November 2024

O câncer de pulmão é a neoplasia maligna mais frequentemente diagnosticada em todo mundo, embora existam diferenças locais significativas. Caracteriza-se pelo crescimento desordenado de células no tecido pulmonar, sendo o tabagismo o principal fator de risco. O diagnóstico precoce é essencial para o manejo e prognóstico da doença. De acordo com estimativas de 2023 a neoplasia pulmonar no Brasil é a terceira mais comum entre homens com cerca de 18.020 novos casos e a quarta entre as mulheres com aproximadamente 14.540 novos casos. Este estudo epidemiológico, que adota uma abordagem descritiva de análise quantitativa, tem como objetivo verificar e demonstrar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com câncer de pulmão entre 2020 e 2023. Foram utilizados dados da plataforma pública do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), coletando informações sobre sexo, faixa etária, estadiamento e modalidade terapêutica, além de observar onde ocorre maior número de diagnósticos de câncer de pulmão em cada uma das categorias analisadas. Assim, este estudo contribui para uma melhor compreensão do perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com câncer de pulmão, com a intenção de aumentar a eficácia das ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde para esses pacientes.
USO DE DISPOSITIVOS INTRAUTERINOS DE LEVONORGESTREL NO MANEJO DO SANGRAMENTO UTERINO ANORMAL
Authors: Santos Ana Luiza dos , Lima Luísa Pandeló , Bergamo Sarah Gomes , Rabelo Frederico Antônio , Silveira Kelly Paiva Guimarães
Published: November 2024

O sangramento uterino anormal (SUA) é uma condição ginecológica comum que afeta mulheres em diversas faixas etárias, resultando em um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida. O manejo clínico do SUA pode envolver diversas abordagens, sendo o uso de dispositivos intrauterinos (DIU) de levonorgestrel uma opção terapêutica eficaz e amplamente adotada. Este artigo tem como objetivo revisar o uso do DIU de levonorgestrel como alternativa no tratamento do sangramento uterino anormal, discutindo seus mecanismos de ação, eficácia e segurança. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura através das principais bases de dados médicas utilizando os descritores “intrauterine device”, “levonorgestrel” e “abnormal uterine bleeding”, utilizando o operador booleano “AND". Todos os artigos publicados entre 2019-2024 foram incluídos na análise primária Estudos clínicos demonstram que o uso do DIU de LNG reduz significativamente o volume e a duração do sangramento menstrual em mulheres com SUA, além de aliviar a dor pélvica associada a essa Além de sua eficácia no controle do sangramento, o DIU de levonorgestrel também apresenta vantagens em relação a outras opções terapêuticas, como a anticoncepção oral, devido à sua ação local e à menor ocorrência de efeitos colaterais sistêmicos. Portanto, o DIU de levonorgestrel é uma opção terapêutica altamente eficaz e bem tolerada no tratamento do sangramento uterino anormal.
ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DAS PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS EM EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA NOS ANOS FINAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Távora Neto Luiz Edson Pinheiro , Teles Leticia Maria Rodrigues Pimenta , Farias Maria Vanderliza Silva da Costa , Nunes Antonio Veras , Silva Katiane Simplício da , Carlos Jasson Mendes
Published: November 2024

A inclusão escolar é um dos grandes desafios da educação contemporânea, especialmente nos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Esse período é crucial para o desenvolvimento acadêmico e social dos estudantes, exigindo práticas pedagógicas que garantam o direito à aprendizagem de todos, independentemente de suas particularidades. A pesquisa objetiva analisar as práticas pedagógicas inclusivas nos anos finais do ensino fundamental, identificando os principais desafios e propondo melhorias. A pesquisa utilizou uma metodologia bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa, baseada na análise de obras acadêmicas e documentos sobre educação inclusiva. Entre os autores que guiaram a análise, destacam-se Paulo Freire e Lev Vygotsky, cujas contribuições teóricas ressaltam a importância de práticas pedagógicas dialógicas e colaborativas, centradas no protagonismo dos alunos e no desenvolvimento de suas potencialidades em interação com o meio. Nesse sentido, os resultados indicaram que, embora haja progresso nas políticas inclusivas, persistem dificuldades como a falta de formação adequada de professores e a escassez de recursos didáticos adaptados. Portanto, constatou-se que o objetivo deste trabalho foi atingido, com contribuições teóricas que reforçam a importância de metodologias inclusivas baseadas em Freire e Vygotsky. Para trabalhos futuros, sugere-se a investigação de práticas de campo e a percepção dos próprios alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais.
ENERGIA LIMPA EM POTENCIAL: A PIEZOLETRICIDADE COMO UMA ALTERNATIVA PARA O BRASIL
Authors: Lima Kariany Leandro Cabral de , Santos Gustavo Augusto da Silva dos , Duarte João Paulo Bittencourt da Silveira
Published: November 2024

A piezoeletricidade é uma forma de geração de energia que converte pressão mecânica em eletricidade, descoberta pelos irmãos Curie. Esse fenômeno ocorre em materiais específicos, como cerâmicas piezoelétricas (por exemplo, PZT), e são amplamente utilizados em diversas aplicações, como sensores, dispositivos médicos e eletrônicos. A piezoeletricidade pode ser explorada para gerar energia a partir de movimentos cotidianos, como o tráfego de pedestres e veículos, oferecendo soluções inovadoras e sustentáveis. No Brasil, projetos acadêmicos têm demonstrado o potencial da piezoeletricidade. Pesquisas na Unesp revelaram que compósitos piezoelétricos podem converter a força do tráfego em eletricidade. Estudos mostraram que pastilhas piezoelétricas em locais de alta circulação podem suprir demandas energéticas, e há viabilidade de gerar energia em pavimentos, sugerindo potenciais significativos em áreas urbanas. Essas iniciativas destacam a piezoeletricidade como uma alternativa promissora para a geração de energia no Brasil, contribuindo para a eficiência energética e a inovação em infraestrutura. Com investimentos em pesquisa e desenvolvimento, a piezoeletricidade pode se tornar uma fonte relevante e sustentável no cenário energético nacional.
A IN(EFICÁCIA) DA LEI SANSÃO (LEI Nº 14.064/20) NO ÂMBITO DE PROTEÇÃO AOS DIREITOS DOS ANIMAIS DOMÉSTICOS
Authors: Almeida Andréia Alves de , Garcia Luana Jarina de Nazaré de Castro
Published: November 2024

Nos últimos anos, verifica-se que os mecanismos legais de proteção ao meio ambiente se tornaram imprescindíveis, principalmente para fins de combate aos maus tratos em detrimento dos animais domésticos. Recentemente surgiu a denominada “Lei Sansão” (Lei nº 14.064/20), que aborda a respeito dos direitos dos animais domésticos e das punições aos infratores. Para elaboração do presente artigo justifica-se a temática que adentra nos ramos do direito ambiental, civil e penal, se mostrando de grande relevo para a sociedade, para as entidades que visam à proteção dos animais e para a esfera jurídica como um todo. A problemática consiste em analisar se com a nova Lei nº 14.064/20, conhecida como “Lei Sansão” será eficaz e suficiente para punir seus infratores com maior rigor? O objetivo central visa entender as limitações existentes na Lei Sansão, principalmente em relação às penalidades ínfimas que são impostas. Já os objetivos específicos concentram-se em pesquisar sobre os procedimentos adotados para fins de proteção animal no Brasil. Bem como avaliar os elementos contidos na Lei 14.064/20; pesquisar acerca dos direitos e princípios contidos na Declaração Universal dos Direitos dos Animais e avaliar os posicionamentos doutrinários e jurisprudenciais acerca da temática em comento. Quanto a metodologia utilizada será o método dedutivo, descritivo e predominantemente qualitativo, com base em fundamentos teóricos contidos em artigos científicos, pesquisas bibliográficas, doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais.
Diurnal variation in an amplified canopy urban heat island during heat wave periods in the megacity of Beijing: roles of mountain–valley breeze and urban morphology
Authors: Shi Tao , Yang Yuanjian , Qi Ping , Lolli Simone
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Against the background of global warming and rapid urbanization, heat waves (HWs) have become increasingly prevalent, amplifying canopy urban heat island intensity (CUHII). The megacity of Beijing, characterized by rapid urbanization, frequent high-temperature events, and exceptionally complex terrain, presents a unique case to study the synergies between HWs and canopy urban heat islands (CUHIs). However, research exploring the formation mechanisms of the amplified CUHII (ΔCUHII) during HW periods in the megacity of Beijing from the perspectives of mountain–valley breeze and urban morphology remains scarce. This study found that compared to non-heat-wave (NHW) periods, the average daily CUHII during HW periods significantly increased by 59.33 %. On the urban scale, the wind direction reversal of the mountain–valley breeze might contribute to the north–south asymmetry in the ΔCUHII. On the street scale, wind speed was inversely proportional to the ΔCUHII. In addition, the ΔCUHII was closely related to urban morphology, particularly the three-dimensional indicators of buildings. During the mountain breeze phase, high-rise buildings with lower sky view factors (SVFs) had a more pronounced effect on amplifying CUHII compared to low-rise buildings with higher SVFs. Conversely, during the valley breeze phase, high-rise buildings exerted a dual influence on amplifying CUHII. Our findings provide scientific insights into the driving mechanisms of urban overheating and contribute to mitigating the escalating risks associated with urban excess warming.
Soil organic matter interactions along the elevation gradient of the James Ross Island (Antarctica)
Authors: Vlček Vítězslav , Juřička David , Valtera Martin , Dvořáčková Helena , Štulc Vojtěch , Bednaříková Michaela , Šimečková Jana , Váczi Peter , Pohanka Miroslav , Kapler Pavel , Barták Miloš , Enev Vojtěch
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Around half of the Earth's soil organic carbon (SOC) is presently stored in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region. In polar permafrost regions, low temperatures particularly inhibit both the production and biodegradation of organic matter. Under such conditions, abiotic factors such as mesoclimate, pedogenic substrate or altitude are thought to be more important for soil development than biological factors. In Antarctica, biological factors are generally underestimated in soil development due to the rare occurrence of higher plants and the short time since deglaciation. In this study, we aim to assess the relationship between SOC and other soil properties related to the pedogenic factors or properties. Nine plots were investigated along the altitudinal gradient from 10 to 320 m in the deglaciated area of James Ross Island (Ulu Peninsula) using a parallel tea-bag decomposition experiment. SOC contents showed a positive correlation with the content of easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EE-GRSP; Spearman r=0.733, P=0.031) and the soil buffering capacity (expressed as ΔpH; Spearman r=0.817, P=0.011). The soil-available P was negatively correlated with altitude (Spearman r=-0.711, P=0.032), and the exchangeable Mg was negatively correlated with the rock fragment content (Spearman r=-0.683, P=0.050). No correlation was found between the available mineral nutrients (P, K, Ca and Mg) and SOC or GRSP. This may be a consequence of the inhibition of biologically mediated nutrient cycling in the soil. Therefore, the main factor influencing nutrient availability in these soils does not seem to the biotic environment; rather, the main impact appears to stem from the abiotic environment influencing the mesoclimate (altitude) or the level of weathering (rock content). Incubation in tea bags for 45 d resulted in the consumption and translocation of more labile polyphenolic and water-extractable organic matter, along with changes in the C content (increase of up to +0.53 % or decrease of up to −1.31 % C) and a decrease in the C:N ratio (from 12.5 to 7.1–10.2), probably due to microbial respiration and an increase in the abundance of nitrogen-binding microorganisms. Our findings suggest that one of the main variables influencing the SOC/GRSP content is not the altitude or coarse-fraction content (for which a correlation with SOC/GRSP was not found); rather, we suspect effects from other factors that are difficult to quantify, such as the availability of liquid water.
Two-way coupling between ice flow and channelized subglacial drainage enhances modeled marine-ice-sheet retreat
Authors: Lu George , Kingslake Jonathan
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Ice-sheet models used to predict sea-level rise often neglect subglacial hydrology. However, theory and observations suggest that ice flow and subglacial water flow are bidirectionally coupled: ice geometry affects hydraulic potential, hydraulic potential modulates basal shear stress via the basal water pressure, and ice flow advects the subglacial drainage system. This coupling could impact rates of ice mass change but remains poorly understood. We develop a coupled ice–subglacial-hydrology model to investigate the effects of coupling on the long-term evolution of marine-terminating ice sheets. We combine a one-dimensional channelized subglacial hydrology model with a depth-integrated marine-ice-sheet model, incorporating each component of the coupling listed above, yielding a set of differential equations that we solve using a finite-difference, implicit time-stepping approach. We conduct a series of experiments with this model, using either bidirectional or unidirectional coupling. These experiments generate profiles of channel cross-sectional area, channel flow rate, channel effective pressure, ice thickness, and ice velocity. We discuss how the profiles shape one another, resulting in the effective pressure reaching a local maximum in a region near the grounding line. We also describe the impact of bidirectional coupling on the transient retreat of ice sheets through a comparison of our coupled model with ice-flow models that have imposed static basal conditions. We find that including coupled subglacial hydrology leads to grounding-line retreat that is virtually absent when static basal conditions are assumed. This work highlights the role time-evolving subglacial drainage may have in ice-sheet change and informs efforts to include it in ice-sheet models. This work also supplies a physical basis for a commonly used parameterization which assumes that the subglacial water pressure is set by the bed's depth beneath the sea surface.
Diferencias entre el sistema de atención grupal versus individual en neurorrehabilitación: hacia dónde vamos
Authors: Candoni Gerardo
Published: November 2024

La demanda de rehabilitación está creciendo; sin embargo, los estudios que demuestran ser superiores en el formato grupal lo hacen a través de la significancia estadística, no por la significancia clínica. La rehabilitación individual puede brindar mejor interacción paciente-terapeuta y, por lo tanto, puede ser beneficiosa para algunas personas.
“Doing Their Jobs”: Legal Regulation of Policing and Suicide Risk of Justice-Involved Persons in Singapore
Authors: Yang Daryl W. J.
Published: November 2024

Using the island nation-state of Singapore as a case study, this article conceptualizes the legal regulation of policing as a risk factor for suicide among justice-involved persons. Through the lens of legal epidemiology, it discusses public health research and criminal procedure jurisprudence to theorize the unintended consequences of the police “doing their job” in accordance with a legal framework that prioritizes crime control and order maintenance. It examines how two aspects of policing—the power of arrest and the interrogation process—may influence the mental health and suicide risk of justice-involved persons. This article thus calls attention to the role of law in shaping policing practices and their effects and lends support to calls for stronger due process protections from a public health perspective.
Termodinámica
Authors: Rodríguez Puerta Fidel Bautista
Published: November 2024

Este libro, en su rica lógica proposicional, también nos advierte sobre algunas paradojas termodinámicas, sobre la indeterminación del mundo conocido, y la incertidumbre del futuro al que nos enfrentamos en una lucha sin cuartel por no no sucumbir al "desorden" y al incremento de temperatura en nuestra casa común. Más allá del aporte teórico para diseñar, operar y optimizar las máquinas térmicas, los ciclos de potencia y los fenómenos de transferencia de masa y calor, el profesor Fidel Bautista, amparado en un desarrollo matemático riguroso y una redacción técnica prolija, también nos invita a la diaria aplicación de la Termodinámica en nuestro esfuerzo individual y colectivo para obrar correctamente en el mundo determinista y percibir, concomitantemente, la realidad de los sistemas complejos.
Conhecimento sobre biossegurança e transmissão de infecções pelo sangue entre profissionais de salões de beleza em um município do Oeste do Paraná
Authors: Buffon Amanda , Teixeira Maycon Gabriel Duarte , Fellini Beatriz Maria Andreoli , Obuti Bianca Kato , Gonçalves Witaker Deuner , Silva Claudinei Mesquita da , Peder Leyde Daiane de
Published: November 2024

Introdução: As manicures/pedicures são enquadradas em um grupo de risco para possível aquisição de infecções transmitidas pelo sangue, como as Hepatites B e C, Doença de Chagas, HIV, entre outras, com isso o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o conhecimento dessas profissionais sobre o assunto. Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento de manicures/pedicures no município de Cascavel, PR, sobre a transmissão e prevenção das infecções por Hepatite B, Hepatite C, HIV e outras. Método: Foram aplicados questionários para 62 manicures/pedicures, com questões a respeito das doenças transmissíveis em seu meio de trabalho e sobre a biossegurança que as profissionais possuem. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos são, em sua maioria, o desconhecimento sobre as doenças abordadas e sobre como preveni-las, além de apresentarem baixa adesão à utilização de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual. Conclusões: Dessa forma é importante aumentar a divulgação e treinamentos sobre os riscos que correm ao manusear sangue sem os devidos cuidados e as doenças que podem adquirir e alertá-las quanto à prática da biossegurança.