bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
55TiO2-Cr2O3 Kaplamanın Frenleme Performansına Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: MUTLU İbrahim , GÜNEY Bekir , ÜNAL Onur Can , KARTAL Ömer
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada, 55TiO2-Cr2O3 (Metco111) seramik toz, atmosferik plazma püskürme (APS) kaplama tekniği ile dökme demir disk üzerine kaplanmıştır. Kaplamanın SAE J2430 frenleme test standardına göre sürtünme katsayısı davranışına etkisi incelenmiştir. 55TiO2-Cr2O3kaplanmış ve kaplanmamış diskin mekanik ve mikro yapısal karakterizasyonu araştırılmıştır. Sıcaklık ve hızın artmasıyla birlikte, sürtünme katsayısı (COF) ve aşınma oranı azalmıştır. Kaplanmış ve kaplanmamış yüzeyler taramalı elektron mikroskobuyla (SEM), ışık mikroskobu (LM) ile incelenip enerji dispersif spektrometresi (EDS) yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Numunelerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve mikro sertlik testleri yapılmıştır. Krom ve Titanyum'ca zengin kaplamalarda yük ve sıcaklığın artmasıyla Cr, Ti yağlayıcı film olarak görev yaptığından kaplamanın sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma oranı kaplamasız diskten düşük çıkmıştır. Kaplamalı diskin daha düşük aşınması, titanyum ve krom oksitlerin oluşturduğu yüzey filminin sert yapısına ve yağlayıcılık özelliğine bağlanmıştır. Mikro yapı analizlerinden kaplamanın metalürjik olarak problemsiz olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Fizik, Kimya ve Biyoloji Öğretmenlerinin Eğitim Felsefesi Tercihlerinin ve Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnançlarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: TAŞKIN Tuğba
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, fizik, kimya ve biyoloji öğretmenlerinin tercih ettikleri eğitim felsefelerini, bilimsel epistemolojik inançlarını ve bunlar arasındaki ilişkiyi çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, devlet okullarında görev yapmakta olan 50 fizik öğretmeni, 51 kimya öğretmeni, 50 biyoloji öğretmeni olmak üzere, 151 fen bilimleri öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. İlişkisel tarama modeline göre gerçekleştirilen çalışmada verilerin toplanmasında “Felsefi Tercih Değerlendirme Formu” ve “Bilimsel “Epistemolojik İnanç Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler cinsiyet ve branş değişkenleri açısından incelenmiştir. Verilerin analizi için betimsel istatistikler, çok değişkenli varyans analizi (MANOVA) ve korelasyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmenler arasında en fazla tercih edilen eğitim felsefesinin “deneyselcilik” olduğu görülmüştür. Fizik, kimya ve biyoloji öğretmenlerinin eğitim felsefesi tercihleri üzerinde cinsiyet değişkeninin etkisi incelendiğinde, deneyselcilik boyutunda erkek öğretmenler lehine anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Branş değişkeni açısından yapılan analizlerde, öğretmenlerin branşlarının eğitim felsefesi tercihleri üzerinde etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür. Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnanç Ölçeğinden elde edilen bulgular dikkate alındığında ise, öğretmenlerin tüm boyutlarda “gelişmiş” bilimsel epistemolojik inançlara sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin bilimsel epistemolojik inançları üzerinde cinsiyet değişkeninin etkisinin olmadığı görülmüştür. Branş değişkeni bakımından, öğretmenlerin bilimsel epistemolojik inançlarının tüm boyutları için anlamlı farklılık bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fizik, kimya ve biyoloji öğretmenlerinin eğitim felsefesi tercihleri ile bilimsel epistemolojik inançları arasında ilişki Pearson katsayısı ile araştırılmış ve bu unsurlar arasında ilişki bulunduğu görülmüştür.
A Comparison of EFL Fifth Graders’ Vocabulary Acquisition through Skype Videoconferencing and Face-to-face Picture Book Storytelling
Authors: Chiu Hsing-Hui , Chen Chin-Fen
Published: June 2020

This quasi-experimental study explores the relative efficacy of computer-mediated communication (CMC) and face-to-face picture book storytelling for promoting young EFL learners’ English word acquisition. Thirty-two young EFL learners participated in a 40-minute story session in the two aforementioned modes. Receptive and productive word gains were assessed through immediate and delayed receptive vocabulary tests and productive story recall tests. To better explain how the CMC and face-to-face settings affected the participants’ word gains, their involvement in the two types of storytelling settings was evaluated using an involvement load survey. The results show that the participants’ task involvement was higher in the face-to-face setting than the CMC setting, which led to better word gains. Within each setting, high-involvement participants’ word gain was better than that of their low-involvement counterparts. However, the difference between high-involvement and low-involvement participants was only manifest in the receptive word gains for the participants in the CMC setting, but not the productive word gains. These findings suggest that face-to-face storytelling might be the more effective setting when picture book storytelling is adopted to promote EFL young learners’ word gains, especially for receptive word gains.
Teacher-research: Agency of Practical Knowledge and Professional Development
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thuy Loan
Published: June 2020

Educational research has generally attracted negative criticisms for its generalisability, contextual independence and inadequacy in addressing teachers’ practical problems in their own educational settings. Moreover, as classrooms are always complicated, teachers are therefore encouraged to become active researchers of their own classrooms in order to maximize their instructional performance and provide optimal learning opportunities for their students within their particular context. To promote teachers’ self-inquiry into their own practices, this paper will first define what teacher research is, followed by the arguments for its need and significance in the teaching profession. Suggestions to help teachers become engaged into classroom inquiry are provided after difficulties commonly reported to be encountered by teacher-researchers are reviewed. This paper is expected to provide some considerable insights for classroom-teachers as well as school administrators in their search for practical, concrete and contextually-rich knowledge.
Simultanuous DNA and RNA extraction from various tissues of the two oyster species, Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis, for metabarcoding v1
Authors: Strittmatter Martina
Published: June 2020

Metabarcoding is a widely used approach to assess the microbiome of any organism of interest. Whereas DNA is widely used for this approach, the inclusion of RNA (cDNA) can add valuable information about the live fraction of an organisms' microbiome. The very first and crucial step hereby is the extraction of nucleic acids. Often, the amount of biological material is limited and a high number of samples need to be processed at the same time. It is therefore desirable to have an extraction method available that allows the simultaneous and high-throughput extraction of DNA and RNA.
El léxico de la moda: su acogida en los diccionarios académicos generales
Authors: Fernández Martínez Pilar
Published: June 2020

Las lenguas sectoriales, o las lenguas de especialidad, no son lenguas cuyo uso se restrinja al ámbito exclusivo de los especialistas, sino que son lenguas que tienen un destinatario fuera del ámbito profesional. Esas lenguas se expanden entre la población y llegan banalizadas a través de los medios de comunicación, haciéndose presentes en el acervo léxico del hablante común. En el presente trabajo, hemos querido basarnos en un medio de comunicación (una de las revistas españolas de alta gama con más difusión editorial - años 2015 y 2018-), para proceder al vaciado de términos relacionados con la moda. De este modo, hemos obtenido el corpus de voces objeto del presente ensayo: cerca de quinientos términos que constituyen una importante muestra de esta lengua sectorial.

Expondremos no solo el significado de las voces objeto de estudio, sino que pondremos de manifiesto la postura académica ante el uso de dichas voces y su acogida en los diccionarios académicos usuales y manuales.
The Effects of COVID 19 on Health Care Workers: Analysing of the Interaction between Optimism, Job Stress and Emotional Exhaustion
Authors: Özdemir Şefik , Kerse Gökhan
Published: June 2020

This research has focused on determining the levels of optimism, stress and emotional exhaustion of health care workers related to COVID-19 and the effect of optimism directly and indirectly (through job stress) on emotional exhaustion caused by Covid-19. The data were collected through an online questionnaire with optimism, job stress and emotional exhaustion scales arranged according to COVID-19. The data collected from 169 health care workers working in a city in Turkey were analysed using different statistical programs. The findings obtained has shown that the employees are quite optimistic in this process, and they have also experienced stress and emotional exhaustion even though their levels are lower than optimism. Also, it has been determined that being optimistic despite COVID-19 affects emotional exhaustion caused by COVID-19 both directly and indirectly through work stress. Therefore, the level of optimism in this process has reduced the emotional exhaustion caused by COVID-19; however, this decrease was felt stronger through stress. These findings have contributed to both healthcare managers and relevant official institutions, and to researches related to COVID-19.
Mapping the Palimpsest of Milieus: Towards a Shared Project on the Open Spaces of the Plaine Lyon-Saint-Exupéry
Authors: Callens Alexandre
Published: June 2020

This article examines the tools and methods that contribute towards the development of open-space projects in urban countrysides as part of land-use planning processes. It focuses on the creation of a support to encourage dialogue between ecology and landscape architecture professionals, in relation to their common interest in the history of the territories they are analysing. Based on the notion of palimpsest, we propose an original methodology for the cartographic representation of milieus, designed as a tool for interprofessional work. We conducted an experiment within the operational context of the Plaine Lyon-Saint-Exupéry so as to set out this method of data and map production on GIS software, reinterpreting the historical atlas of the Canton of Geneva (Corboz, 1983; Léveillé et al., 1993). We will see that these cartographic representations allow for unique readings of planned territory in order to imagine its future. For ecology and landscape professionals working on the open spaces in question, they contribute to develop complementary project intents and new modes of exchange with local actors with regard to its co-construction. The palimpsest mapping tool may therefore be defined as an ‘intermediary object’ for a shared multifunctional project on open spaces.
COMPARISON OF REQUIREMENTS OF ANNEX 1 TO THE RULES OF GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE DRAFT ANNEX 1 GMP PIC/S
Authors: Basevich Anna V. , Kaukhova Irina E. , Kodash Artemy A. , Bitkina Tatyana A. , Smirnova Elena M. , Stepchenkov Vladimir I.
Published: June 2020

This article provides an overview on draft GMP EC Annex 1 revision progress and, as a consequence, the GMP PIC/S. The role and position of Russia in the pharmaceutical market, its inclusion in international organizations involved in the regulation of the production and circulation of drugs has been indicated. The interconnection between economic integration processes, changes in international regulatory requirements and national legislation has been demonstrated.

The article shows how changes in the laws governing the pharmaceutical industry entail changes in the organization of manufacturing or in the approach to the manufacturing process at the organizational level and/or lead to material expenses to eliminate incompliance. Keeping track of possible future changes in legislation allows to pre-build a plan for eliminating incompliance. When analyzing the changes in the Draft Appendix 1 regarding the current version of Appendix 1, it has been revealed that the documents have significant differences. To eliminate significant incompliances with a number of paragraphs of the draft Appendix 1, it is necessary to make changes not only in the operating procedures, but also in the planning solutions of production sites.

Based on the results of the work carried out, it has been established that the introduction of the draft Annex 1 GMP PIC/S and its implementation in the GMP EAEU requirements will lead to incompliance at existing pharmaceutical enterprises, the elimination of which requires a lot of organizational work. Significant changes at the existing enterprise are required in accordance with 14 points of the draft. This article presents clauses 5.9, clause 5.21, clause 8.7, clause 8.16, clause 8.29, clause 9.17, clause 9.33 - this is due to that most of these requirements are absent in the current valid requirements of GMP EAEU and Russian GMP rules.

The comparison made is an occasion for pharmaceutical companies to conduct internal audits for compliance with the requirements of the draft GMP PIC/S Annex 1 in order to preventively identify incompliances and develop an action plan to address them.
Educación ambiental. Trinta anos de evolución, extensión e diversificación en Catalunya
Authors: Franquesa Teresa
Published: June 2020

Este artigo forma parte da 3.ª edición de “Natura, us o abús? Llibre Blanc (2018-2019)”, un traballo colectivo e construtivo, un referente no mundo da xestión e conservación do patrimonio natural catalán. A súa primeira edición (1976) foi un texto precursor, que puxo enriba as cuestións ambientais e podería ser considerado o primeiro gran diagnóstico ambiental do país. No momento da publicación da segunda edición (1988), a educación ambiental (EA) só se falaba dunha década en Catalunya. Nos últimos anos houbo unha gran expansión de EA e tamén unha notable evolución e diversificación. O texto trata de ofrecer unha visión necesariamente incompleta e non exhaustiva da EA catalá e da súa evolución nas tres últimas décadas. Introduce referencias ao contexto internacional e aos diferentes modelos de EA, fai un balance do traballo realizado en diferentes áreas e, como resultado, identifica sesenta retos que suxiren áreas de mellora e camiños a seguir.
Análisis de publicidad nativa en redes sociales y su influencia en el branding
Authors: Quijandría Eliana Alejandra
Published: June 2020

La publicidad online ha atravesado grandes cambios desde la creación de la web 2.0, logrando una evolución favorable gracias al desempeño de la publicidad nativa. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la influencia de la publicidad nativa en redes sociales sobre el branding de la marca ICPNA y para ello se optó por el método cuantitativo-cualitativo. A través de esta técnica se realizó el análisis de contenido y se entrevistó a profesionales del sector publicitario. Los resultados demostraron que, debido a los medios sociales, la publicidad nativa tiene un mayor alcance y capacidad de lograr una mejor segmentación.
Riski Seven ve Riskten Kaçan Yatırımcıların Optimum Portföy Seçimi Yapabilecekleri Piyasalar1
Authors: ÇAKAR Recep , ÖZKAN Oktay
Published: June 2020

Çalışmanın amacı, riski seven ve riskten kaçan yatırımcı tiplerini, optimum portföy

oluşturabilecekleri pazarlara yönlendirmektir. Ayrıca bu iki yatırımcı tipi için en uygun

piyasaların hangileri olduğu tespiti de yapılacaktır. Bu amaçla çalışmada, 2017 Dünya Bankası

verilerine göre gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan 20 ülkenin piyasalarını temsil eden pazar endekslerinin

2010-2017 yılları arasındaki aylık getiri verileri kullanılmıştır. Pazar endekslerinin verileri

kullanılarak Kuadratik Ortalama-Varyans Modeli ile optimum portföyler oluşturulmuş ve her

bir pazar endeksinin değişim katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke

piyasalarının endeks bazında riskleri de hesaplanarak, hangi endekslerin hangi yatırımcı tipleri

için rasyonel olacağı tespit edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analiz sonuçlarına göre, riski seven

yatırımcı tipileri için optimum portföyler Venezuela, Tayland, Meksika, Malezya, Kosta Rika,

Arjantin ve Güney Afrika pazar endekslerinde oluşturabileceği ve aynı zamanda bu yatırımcılar

için endeks bazında en riskli olan piyasaların Venezuela, Arjantin ve Kazakistan olduğu

anlaşılmıştır. Riskten kaçan yatırımcıların optimum portföylerini İzlanda, ABD ve Norveç

endeksleriyle oluşturabileceği ve aynı zamanda bu yatırımcılar için endeks bazında en risksiz olan

piyasaların İngiltere, İsviçre ve Kanada olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
Ekonomik ve Mali Boyutlarıyla Robot Vergisi
Authors: TURAN Deniz
Published: June 2020

21. yüzyılda robot teknolojisinde yaşanan hızlı gelişmeler, toplumu ve ekonomiyi temelden

dönüştürmeye başlamıştır. Günümüzde üretimden hizmet sektörüne kadar her alanda yaygın

şekilde kullanılan ve ekonomik verimliliği artırması yanında teknolojik işsizliğe de yol açan akıllı

robotların vergilendirilmesi konusu ekonomik ve sosyal boyutları ile ele alınmaya başlanmıştır.

Yapılan çalışma, robotların işgücü piyasası, gelir dağılımı ve kamu mali dengesi üzerine

etkilerinin incelenerek bir robot vergisinin gerekliliğinin ekonomik gerekçeleri açıklığa

kavuşturmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın bulguları şunlardır; Robot teknolojisi işgücü

piyasasında yeni bir küresel dengenin oluşmasına yol açacaktır. Toplumda gelirin küçük bir

sermayedar kesimde toplanmasına engel olmak ve otomasyon devriminden olumsuz etkilenenlere

potansiyel olarak yardımcı olmak amacıyla robotların elektronik kişi sıfatıyla yasal bir kişilik

tanımlanması ve robot vergisi alınması gerekmektedir.
Psikolojik Sermaye Düzeylerinin İş Tatmini Üzerine Etkisi: Üniversite Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Fatih Ferhat , ÜNSEVER Mehmet Orkun
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi’nde çalışan İdari ve Akademik Personelin

psikolojik sermaye düzeyleri iş tatminleri arasındaki ilişkileri tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır.

Araştırma ilgili literatüre destek sağlayacağı düşünüldüğü için önemli görülmüştür.

Araştırmanın verileri anket tekniğiyle toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 23.0 paket programı ile analize

tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçeklerin ilk olarak güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik testleri

yapılmıştır. Ölçeklerin geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği sağladığı tespit edildikten sonra , verilerin normal

dağılıp dağılmadığını tespit etmek için ölçeklerin çarpıklık-basıklık değerlerine bakılmıştır. Daha

sonra değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri ölçmek için, Korelasyon ve Regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır.

Yapılan korelasyon analizi neticesinde psikolojik sermaye ile iş tatmini arasında pozitif yönlü ve

istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Psikolojik sermayenin alt

boyutları olan özyeterlilik, umut, esneklik ve iyimserlik ile iş tatmini arasında da pozitif yönlü

istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı ilişkilerin olduğu görülmüştür. Psikolojik sermayenin alt boyutlarının

birlikte iş tatmini üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılan çoklu regresyon analizi sonucunda

ise 4 alt boyutun bir arada modele sağladığı katkının istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olduğu

belirlenmiştir (p
“Devlet Baba”nın Temelleri: Klasik Çağında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Siyasal Kültürü
Authors: KANADIKIRIK Halil
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada Türk siyasal kültürünün Osmanlı temellerine odaklanılmaktadır. Dönemsel bir sınırlandırma ile Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun klasik çağı olan ve yaklaşık olarak 14. ve 17. yüzyıl arasına tekabül eden bir zaman dilimi ele alınmıştır. Karmaşık bir tarihsel süreci zihinde daha tutarlı bir şekle kavuşturmak için ise Weber’in patrimonyalizm ideal tipinden faydalanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışma çeşitli bölümlere ayrılmış ve öncelikle İmparatorluğun Bizans-İran siyasal geleneği çerçevesine nasıl yerleştiği irdelenmiştir. Takip eden bölümlerde hanedanın ve hükümdarlık kurumunun nasıl siyasal hayatın biricik meşruiyet kaynağı hâline geldiği ve idare, hukuk, ekonomi gibi kurumların ise nasıl tamamen bu meşruiyetin bağımlı değişkeni olarak teşkilatlandırıldığı anlatılmaktadır. Yönetenler ve yönetilenler arasındaki ilişki bu çerçevede belirli düzenliliklere oturtulmaktadır. Böylece modern Türkiye’de devlet-inşasına zemin oluşturan kapsamlı, karmaşık ve sofistike bir imparatorluk yapısının siyasal karakteri betimlenmektedir.
A comparative study of pre and post dialysis biochemical parameters in chronic renal failure patients
Authors: V Wali Vinod , A Gulavan Gouri , Kishore Vimmi
Published: June 2020

Chronic renal failure is a disease characterised by progressive loss of function of kidney over a period of months and years, and it may lead to one of its recognised complications such as anaemia, cardiovascular diseases and end stage renal disease. Hemodialysis is a method that is used to achieve the extracorporeal removal of waste products such as creatinine, urea, free water from blood by an artificial kidney machine, when the kidneys are in a state of renal failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare serum urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium chloride levels in chronic renal failure patients before and after dialysis. The levels of serum urea, creatinine, were found significantly lower in patients after receiving hemodialysis, while electrolytes came to normal. This study confirms the role of dialysis in prognsis of patients of chronic renal failure.
Corneal edema due to botanical toxins
Authors: Chakraborty Soumen , Kumar Agrawalla Ratandep
Published: June 2020

Corneal edema following contact with plant extracts occur not only with horticultural workers but also with amateur gardeners. The condition causes reasonable visual debility but is reversible and self limiting. Till date, no established therapeutic protocol exists for management of this particular condition.

To re-examine the etiological factors behind this condition and to develop a definitive therapeutic prescript for this problem.

Forty six patients suffering from this condition were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group A was treated with topical steroids (commercially available moxifloxacin 0.5% w/v + dexamethasone sodium phosphate 0.1% w/v), whereas Group B was treated with a placebo (carboxy methylcellulose 0.5% w/v). All patients were monitored on alternate days in terms of BCVA, non contact tonometry and slit lamp examination. Pachymetry was done on arrival and after complete resolution of corneal edema.

In both the groups, corneal edema resolved in all eyes by the fifth day without any residual clinical deficit. The mean pachymetry value on presentation in Group A was 626 microns and in Group B was 628 microns, and returned to 550 microns or below by day five in all patients. Visual acuity was restored to 6/9 or better in all patients of Group B and 96% (n= 22) patients in Group A, but this deficiency was not related to the disease process in question.

Botanical toxin induced corneal edema was self limiting and resolved in a time bound pattern without any sequel. Topical steroids neither seemed to hasten the resolution of corneal edema nor affected the final outcome of this clinical condition in any way.
Descartes (and Spinoza) on Intellectual Experience and Skepticism
Authors: Carriero John
Published: June 2020

Kartezjusz (i Spinoza) w kwestii intelektualnego doświadczenia i sceptycyzmu

Epistemologia Kartezjusza jest zakorzeniona w jego głębokim zainteresowaniu i uznaniu dla tego, co można by nazwać intelektualnym doświadczeniem, lub dokładniej przejrzystym intelektualnym doświadczeniem (przejrzyste intelektualne doświadczenie jest moim terminem oznaczającym to, co Kartezjusz określał ujęciem jasnym i wyraźnym). To zainteresowanie intelektualnym doświadczeniem, jak mi się wydaje, podzielali inni racjonaliści, Spinoza i Leibniz. W części pierwszej artykułu staram się ulokować fenomen przejrzystego intelektualnego doświadczenia w ramach doktryny Kartezjusza i Spinozy. Usiłuję pokazać, że jeśli nie uwzględnimy w sposób właściwy charakteru tego doświadczenia, to ryzykujemy utratą wglądu w centralne motywy leżące u podstaw ich teorii poznania. W drugiej części artykułu rozważam intelektualne doświadczenia w kontekście sceptycznego wątpienia, w szczególności radyklanego wątpienia. Chociaż często przyjmuje się, że Kartezjusz i Spinoza zajmują opozycyjne stanowiska, gdy chodzi o kwestię radykalnego wątpienia, to ja sądzę, że ich stanowisko były bardziej do siebie podobne w tej sprawie niż się zwykle przyjmuje.
Cumhuriyet Dönemi Çağdaş Düşünce Tarihçiliğinde İtikadî ve Siyasî İslam Mezhepleri: Mehmed Ali Aynî’nin Görüşleri ve Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: SEVER Mehmet
Published: June 2020

İtikadî ve siyasî İslam mezhepleri, İslam düşünce tarihinin en önemli aktörleridir. Ortaya çıkış süreçleri, temsilcileri ve fikirleri ile düşünce tarihimizi oluşturan yapı taşları ve düşünceye yön veren akımlar olmuşlardır. İslamî literatürün farklı alanlarında mevzu edilen itikadî ve siyasî İslam mezhepleri, Osmanlı Devleti’nin modernleşme süreci ve son-rasında modern Türkiye’nin kuruluşu döneminde yapılan çağdaş düşünce tarihi çalışmalarında önemli bir konu olmuştur. Bu bağlamda çağdaş düşün-ce tarihçilerimizden olan Mehmed Ali Aynî, Osmanlı Devleti’nde bir bürokrat ve üniversite hocası olarak görev yapmış önemli bir düşünürdür. Felsefe tarihi ve felsefe konularının yanı sıra İslam düşünce geleneğinin yapı taşı olan âlimler, düşünürler ve mezhepler hakkında eserlerinde değerlendirmelerde bulunmuş bir entelektüeldir. Milliyetçilik akımının etkisiyle ulus devlet modelinin uygulanmaya başladığı bir dönemde Osmanlı ilim mirasının yeni döneme aktarılması noktasında Aynî’nin eserlerinden hareketle görüşlerinin ortaya konması, çağdaş mezhepler tarihi yazıcılığının oluşum aşamasındaki eğilimleri görmek açısından önemlidir.
Clinical Evaluation on Non-Functional Invasive Hypophysis Adenomas
Authors: Varim Ceyhun , Gokosmanoglu Feyzi , Oztop Kenan Evren
Published: June 2020

Background
There are ongoing studies to predetermine non-functional invasive pituitary adenomas which may show aggressive behavior. Our aim is to discuss whether there is a relationship between the immunohistochemical presence of GH, FSH, LH, PRL, ACTH, TSH and their aggressive clinical course in non-functional pituitary adenomas.
Materials and Methods
In this study, we evaluated retrospectively the files of the patients who were diagnosed with thesellar or parasellar tumor in our endocrinology clinic between the years of 2004-2014.The patients were divided into two groups as non-invasive pituitary adenomas and non-functional invasive pituitary adenomas. The immunohistochemical staining characteristics were compared between the two groups.
Results
In this study, we scanned the data of 70 patients who were followed for non-functional sellar or parasellar mass. 47.1% of the patients were female and 52.9% of the patients were male.39 patients had a non-functional pituitary adenoma.The rate of non-functional invasive adenoma was found to be 20.5%. There was a significant relationship between the immunohistochemical positivity of GH, FSH, LH andaggressive behavior of non-functional invasive adenomas. There was no a significant relationship between the immunohistochemicalpositivityof PRL, ACTH, TSH and aggressive behavior of non-functional invasive adenomas.
Conclusion
We found silent GH and gonadotropin adenomas as non-functional aggressive pituitary adenoma. More aggressive treatment and close clinical monitoring should be performed because atypical pituitary adenomas are characterized by invasive growth and aggressive clinical course.
Fraud and Misconduct in Publishing Medical Research
Authors: Elsayed Dya Eldin Mohammed
Published: June 2020

One of the important feature of scientific research is scrutinizing truth. Investigators strive for honesty and integrity in all scientific communications.  Candidly reported methods and procedures, data and results, and their publication status should reflect authenticity. Publication of fake data diverts the search from truth. The aim of studying human subjects should be advancing research and scholarship and not just the researcher’s own career. Misconduct in medical research is any intentional deviation from acceptable ethical principles. Intentional misconduct is a serious observation, and misconduct such as falsification and fabrication of data and plagiarism are the most common fraud practices in medical research. Misconduct can occur at any stage of the research process; however, it particularly occurs in the results section of the research as researchers try to avoid negative findings. Data falsification occurs when investigators attempt to alter data to meet their own expectations. Falsification could involve altering data and results on research participants’ record to fit research report. Data fabrication occurs when researchers report data that were completely constructed and never occurred when running the research. Plagiarism is using—either deliberate or inattentive—other researchers’ ideas and words without clearly acknowledging the source of that information. Although fraud and misconduct have serious consequences, they are not uncommon among research publications in scientific journals. Institutions have to develop a mechanism to discover research misconduct and to prevent it. Editors and reviewers are required to introduce some commentaries in the regulations to impose sanctions on those found guilty of research misconduct.
Key words: research, fraud, misconduct
A Systems Thinking Approach for the Creation of Super Clinicians using a Competency-based Medical Education Framework
Authors: Hassan Imad
Published: June 2020

We think that the article titled “National Competency Frameworks for Medical Graduates: Is it Time for the “SudanMeds”? published in the Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences [1] is a timely publication. Competency-based medical education (CBME) is considered as a paradigm shift in medical education, the ultimate aim of which is the improvement of patient and society’s quality of care by training and creating highly skilled clinicians. A paradigm as defined by the Cambridge Dictionary is a situation in which the usual and accepted way of doing or thinking about something changes completely. The magnitude of change is so profound to the extent that it leads to a fundamental change in the approach or underlying assumptions, an example being the introduction of the Internet. Several such major “contemporary” shifts have colored the thinking processes and actions of healthcare professionals and leaders.  For example, the Patient Safety Paradigm and the Evidence-based Practice Paradigm.
Menstrual Disorders Among Nursing Students at Al Neelain University, Khartoum State
Authors: Ali Aisha , Khalafala Huda , Fadlalmola Hammad
Published: June 2020

Background: Menstrual disorders can severely affect the daily life of young females, particularly the student population, which generates a massive tension that extends to families, but they seldom affect the quality and standard of life.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the morbidity nature of menstrual disorders among nursing students and their effect on students’ life activities.
Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional institutional-based study conducted at the Al Neelain University, Faculty of Nursing. Of the 200 students recruited, 149 completed the questionnaire with the responding rate of (74.5%). Data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire.
Results: Of the 149 participants, most were young and in the age range of 18–24 years with a mean age of 21 years. Most students (74%) started their menarche at a normal age range of 12–15 years. A relatively high dysmenorrhea (94.0 %)  was observed  among the participants. More than half of the respondents (55.0%) had irregular menstruation.
Conclusion: The authors concluded that the prevalence and morbidity of dysmenorrhea and menstrual irregularity were high but broadly comparable to those observed in similar developing countries. Therefore, national health policies need to consider the health and educational impact of menstrual disorders on nursing students and develop the plan through a change in students’ lifestyle; moreover, school authorities and teachers need to be aware of the problems to provide psychological and academic support.
Keywords: morbidities, dysmenorrhea prevalence, menstrual disorders, nursing students, irregular menstruation
Participación política de víctimas: sujetos de reparación colectiva en Colombia
Authors: Cruz Castillo Alba Lucía , Prieto Páez Justine Mariana
Published: June 2020

El artículo expone una investigación de tipo narrativo desarrollada con el Comité de Coordinación de Sujetos Nacionales de Reparación Colectiva, el cual, conformado por diversas organizaciones sociales, en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano, ha posicionado el papel de las víctimas en el proceso de paz y en la reconstrucción del país a través del diálogo y la participación en escenarios políticos. La investigación involucró a Afromupaz, la redepaz, el ipc, la ctc y el colectivo de periodistas, y visibiliza las apuestas y logros de las iniciativas colectivas de las víctimas en el contexto de la Ley 1448.
Del nuevo modelo político al primer Acuerdo UE-Cuba
Authors: Berg-Rodríguez Alexis
Published: June 2020

Las negociaciones del Acuerdo de Diálogo Político y Cooperación Unión Europea-Cuba desde el 2014 fueron el resultado del nuevo modelo político (nmp) que crearon ambos socios, el cual se aleja de la Posición Común de 1996. Desde el enfoque institucional-histórico, aquí se analizan los documentos oficiales, las entrevistas a expertos y diversas fuentes secundarias para identificar el cambio institucional en esa relación. El artículo estudia los elementos que estimularon la firma del primer Acuerdo UE-Cuba entre 2008 y 2019, y demuestra que el nmp facilitó la firma y aplicación provisional del Acuerdo para impulsar el bienestar de la sociedad cubana, y la transformación de su economía.
Adopting ISO/IEC 27005:2011-based Risk Treatment Plan to Prevent Patients Data Theft
Authors: Hamit Laura Cassandra , Md. Sarkan Haslina , Mohd Azmi Nurulhuda Firdaus , Mahrin Mohd Naz’ri , Chuprat Suriayati , Yahya Yazriwati
Published: June 2020

The concern raised in late 2017 regarding 46.2 million mobile device subscribers’ data breach had the Malaysian police started an investigation looking for the source of the leak.  Data security is fundamental to protect the assets or information by providing its confidentiality, integrity and availability not only in the telecommunication industry but also in other sectors.  This paper attempts to protect the data of a patient-based clinical system by producing a risk treatment plan for its software products.  The existing system is vulnerable to information theft, insecure databases, needy audit login and password management.  The information security risk assessment consisting of identifying risks, analyzing and evaluating them were conducted before a risk assessment report is written down.  A risk management framework was applied to the software development unit of the organization to countermeasure these risks.  ISO/IEC 27005:2011 standard was used as the basis for the information security risk management framework.  The controls from Annex A of ISO/IEC 27001:2013 were used to reduce the risks.  Thirty risks have been identified and 7 high-level risks for the product have been recognized.  A risk treatment plan focusing on the risks and controls has been developed for the system to reduce these risks in order to secure the patients’ data.  This will eventually enhance the information security in the software development unit and at the same time, increase awareness among the team members concerning risks and the means to handle them.
Using Ontology-Based Approach to Improved Information Retrieval Semantically for Historical Domain
Authors: Ramli Fatihah , Mohd Noah Shahrul Azman , Kurniawan Tri Basuki
Published: June 2020

Searching and retrieving documents from large historical archives prove to be challenging for the information retrieval (IR) field as historians typically employ their knowledge, experience, and intuition. There are several works done on the application of IR in historical documents. As such, the conventional IR model is mostly used a simple Bag-of-Word (BOW) approach and usually unable to support precise document retrieval for the domain of history. We proposed an ontology-based approach to semantically index and ranked rich historical documents. The historical documents relating to the Vietnam War were chosen for this study. Several existing ontologies have been reviewed to identify the most suitable concepts and properties which contain rich information pertaining to relevant entities such as an event, time, and people. The domain ontology was developed by utilizing the existing Simple News and Press (SNaP) ontology and extended with concepts related to the Vietnam War. The ontology was then semantically mapped with concepts found in a collection of 133 documents relating to the Vietnam war. In this paper, we also proposed a simple ontology-based weighting mechanism derived from the classic tf-idf scoring scheme. Finally, 20 SPARQL queries are implemented to do the evaluation. The evaluation shows that the proposed ontological-based approach achieved better results as compared to the base-line BM-25 probabilistic retrieval model in terms of precision and recall metrics. The use of the ontology-based approach in document retrieval can compete with the keyword-based approach.
A Guidance to Legacy Systems Modernization
Authors: Abu Bakar Humairath KM , Razali Rozilawati , Jambari Dian Indrayani
Published: June 2020

Rapid development of information technology and communication (ICT) has increased the use of information systems in organizations since a decade ago. At the same time, many organizations are still using old information systems to support their business, known as legacy systems. Even though these systems cause technical problems, but they are still used to support service delivery to the customer. These systems are also essential to organizations as they have been operated for many years and possess high business value. The operation of legacy systems cannot be stopped quickly, as it will affect daily business tasks. However, organizations with legacy systems need to think about the ability of the systems to support their future direction. Modernization of legacy systems needs to be implemented to ensure the systems are aligned with global changes as well as improving the competitiveness of the organizations. This study, therefore, reviewed the phases and factors involved in legacy systems modernization to identify gaps and their insufficiencies. There are many studies on legacy systems, but only a few have focused on the overall process of legacy systems modernization. Most studies on legacy systems are technical in nature and refer to specific aspects and phases of modernization. This study aims to provide overall guidance to the organizations in performing legacy systems modernization.
A New Method of Data Encryption based on One to One Functions
Authors: Shahin Osama R , Aissa Anis Ben , Fouad Yasser , Al-Mahdi Hassan , Alsmarah Mansi
Published: June 2020

Due to the rapid growth of computer networks, critical highly confidential information shared across these networks. Accordingly, securing such information from unauthorized intruders has become a vital issue in the field of information technology. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for encrypting and decrypting English plain text based on the well-known Caesar's algorithm and a special type of functions called One to One function. The proposed algorithm is referred to as the One to One function algorithm (OtO). The OtO belongs to a symmetric key concept where the same key is used in both encryption and decryption processes. In the OtO algorithm, the triplet (K, a, b) represent the private keys. To speed up the proposed OtO computation, the value of K is calculated based on Fibonacci sequence, on eigenvalues, Leslie matrices and Markov chain. This private key K only knew to the transmitter and receiver and considered one of the private keys used in the encryption process. When the message arrives at the receiver, it uses the inverse function of the proposed one to one function that used at the transmitter. The proposed OtO algorithm is conducted using MATLAB and its efficiency is checked in terms of encrypted time, decrypted time, and Avalanche Effect. We think that the obtained results are acceptable compared to famous algorithms DES, 3DES, AES and RSA.
An Evaluation Methodology of Named Entities Recognition in Spanish Language: ECU 911 Case Study
Authors: Orellana Marcos , Trujillo Andrea , Lima Juan-Fernando , Acosta María-Inés , Peña Mario
Published: June 2020

The importance of the gathered information in Integrated Security Services as ECU911 in Ecuador is evidenced in terms of its quality and availability in order to perform decision-making tasks. It is a priority to avoid the loss of relevant information such as event address, places references, names, etc. In this context it is present Named Entity Recognition (NER) analysis for discovering information into informal texts. Unlike structured corpus and labeled for NER analysis like CONLL2002 or ANCORA, informal texts generated from emergency call dialogues have a very wide linguistic variety; in addition, there is a strong tending to lose important information in their processing. A relevant aspect to considerate is the identification of texts that denotes entities such as the physical address where emergency events occurred. This study aims to extract the locations in which an emergency event has been issued. A set of experiments was performed with NER models based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The performance of models was evaluated according to parameters such as training dataset size, dropout rate, location dictionary, and denoting location. An experimentation methodology was proposed, with it follows the next steps: i) Data preprocessing, ii) Dataset labeling, iii) Model structuring, and iv) Model evaluating. Results revealed that the performance of a model improves when having more training data, an adequate dropout rate to control overfitting problems, and a combination of a dictionary of locations and replacing words denoting entities.
Organoleptic, Chemical, and Physical Characteristics of Sago (Metroxylon spp.) Analog Rice Supplemented with Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Flour as a Functional Food
Authors: Wahjuningsih Sri Budi , Marsono Y , Praseptiangga Danar , Haryanto Bambang , Azkia Mita Nurul
Published: June 2020

Sago analog rice is rice made from sago starch with or without supplementation of other food materials, and its shape resembles that of rice. Red bean flour is added to analog rice to increase its protein content to levels comparable to those of rice. The objective of this research is to investigate the organoleptic preference of panelists, and the chemical and physical characteristics of sago analog rice supplemented with red bean flour. We used a completely randomized design with one factor: the supplementation of red bean flour at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. Our organoleptic test applied for the hedonic scale and examined the aroma, taste, and texture of cooked sago analog rice; the observed chemical characteristics were water, ash, fat, protein, and starch content. Physical characteristics were cooking time, water content, the weight of water loss, water absorbability, and granule characteristics. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance. When results were significantly variable, the analysis was followed by the Duncan multiple range tests (DMRT) at the significance level of Î± < 5%. Our results show that supplementation of red bean flour up to 10% resulted in hedonic values ranging from “like” to “quite like” for taste and aroma, and “like” for texture; BS100 analog rice had the highest hedonic value. The water content of sago rice and the weight of water loss of cooked sago rice did not show a significant difference. In addition, ash content, protein content, fat content, starch content, cooking time, and water content of cooked sago rice displayed significant differences. A higher supplementation of red bean flour to sago rice influences granule structure, which appears damaged with rough surfaces and high porosity. Moreover, the size of the granules is smaller.
Modeling and Simulation of a DC Micro-Grid with a Model Predictive Controller
Authors: Prada Vladimir , Caldas Oscar I. , Mejía-Ruda Edilberto , Mauledoux Mauricio , Avilés Oscar F
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the modeling strategies of a micro-grid to control the power supply of a battery bank by adopting a Model Predictive Controller (MPC). The grid was sized to light two tennis courts at a university sports complex, which is not connected to the national power grid and thus must be a stand-alone setup. The paper starts with an introduction that defines the statement of purpose and the state of the art. Then continue with the power generators and storage modeling: photovoltaic (PV) modules, wind turbine, buck converter (takes power from the rectified national grid) and the battery bank. The MPC was designed to effectively manage the energy supplied to the batteries, depending on the state of charge, hence the controller output is the signal used to regulate the charging current. The data used for prediction is the meteorological measures taken during three years using an in-situ weather station that collected irradiance, wind speed and direction, temperature, and pressure. Finally, as the entire control system was simulated step by step using MATLAB/Simulink, the components and systems behavior graphs are shown to lead to analysis and conclusion remarks.
Supervised Image Classification of Chaos Phenomenon in Cumulonimbus Cloud Using Spectral Angle Mapper
Authors: Wanayumini - , Sitompul Opim Salim , Suwilo Saib , Zarlis Muhammad
Published: June 2020

In the field of remote sensing, in addition to the weather forecast, atmospheric dynamics, oceans, cloud cumulonimbus, and Tornado are part of the phenomenon of chaos. Because in the clouds cumulonimbus, there are some layers with a gray border indicating irregular and uncertain. There is a boundary line on the layers of Cumulonimbus Clouds that could be identified based on the pixel where the differences in the intensity values are extremes. A cloud layer cumulonimbus with a gray edge border can be used as the basis for predicting the occurrence of a tornado based on a pixel location that has specific characteristics. In this research, a Supervised Image Classification algorithm with Spectral Angle Mapper was performed to get the minimum and maximum pixel intensity interval values based on spectral angles in cumulonimbus clouds. Spectral angles allow for quick mapping in determining the spectral similarities between two spectrums on cumulonimbus cloud layers. The spectral similarities are calculated by referring to the angle between the spectral forming the same dimensional vector space on the RGB color spectrum. Early detection in cumulonimbus cloud layers will indicate the occurrence of chaos phenomenon, which could be used to predict tornadoes. The results showed that the Spectral Angle Mapper approach gave minimum and maximum pixel intensity values interval of the Average Correlation Angle in the dataset image Cumulonimbus Cloud with a classification accuracy value of 95.83%.