bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GENETIC RISK FACTORS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
Authors: Mkhitaryan M.
Published: May 2023

Цель этого обзора — описать основные генетические факторы риска расстройств аутистического спектра (РАС). Данные различных генетических исследований выявили несколько редких мутаций de novo, а также эпигенетику, полигенный риск и взаимодействие генов с окружающей средой. За последние десять лет было обнаружено, что сотни генов играют роль в серьезных поведенческих, социальных и коммуникативных проблемах, с которыми часто сталкиваются люди с РАС. Открытие определенных аллелей, вызывающих спектр аутизма, внесло решающий вклад в понимание РАС. Однако, есть еще много вопросов без ответов. Становится очевидным, что факторы окружающей среды и то, как они взаимодействуют с наследственными факторами, следует учитывать при определении этиологии РАС. Тем не менее, необходимы более целенаправленные исследования, чтобы точно определить специфические наследственные факторы риска РАС.
QUANTITATIVE CHANGES OF LIPOFUSCIN UNDER FOCAL PERMANENT ISCHEMIA CONDITIONS OF BRAIN AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF 5-HYDROXYADAMANTANE-2-ON, GABA-CONJUGATES WITH ARACHIDONIC ACID AND PROSTAGLANDIN E2
Authors: Meliksetyan V.S. , Hakobyan A.A. , Baghdasaryan M.G. , Sargsyan S.A. , Arakelyan A.M. , Boyajian L.P. , Mirzoyan N.R.
Published: May 2023

Нарушения церебрального кровообращения активируют сложный каскад метаболических реакций, каждая из которых сама по себе усугубляет поражение нервной системы. Одним из эндогенных продуктов, избыток которых может вызвать в нейрональных клетках необратимые повреждения, является липофусцин, так называемый «пигмент старения». Показано, что механизмы образования и состав лизосомальных пигментов, формирующихся при старении и ишемии, очень схожи. Также установлено, что фокальная перманентная ишемия, вызванная окклюзией средней мозговой артерии, приводит к повышению концентрации липофусцина в обоих полушариях головного мозга.
Целью исследования явилось изучение влияния ряда соединений, проявивших цереброваскулярную и нейропротекторную активность, а именно: 5-гидроксиадамантана-2-он, конъюгатов ГАМК с арахидоновой кислотой и простагландином Е2, на уровень липофусцина в тканях головного мозга на модели окклюзии средней мозговой артерии. Результатами исследования было показано, что данные соединения предотвращают избыточное накопление липофусцина - потенциального маркера церебральной ишемии, в тканях головного мозга в условиях фокальной перманентной ишемии как в интактных, так и в поврежденных полушариях головного мозга. Одним из возможных механизмов предотвращения накопления липофусцина в тканях головного мозга может быть ГАМКА-активирующее действие исследуемых соединений. Продемонстрированное в ходе экспериментов влияние на количественное содержание липофусцина в условиях фокальной перманентной ишемии подтверждает противоишемическую активность исследуемых соединений.
Ուսումնական նյութի դասավանդման առանձնահատկությունները «Օպերատիվ վիրաբուժություն եվ տեղագրական անատոմիա» առարկայի շրջանակներում
Authors: Օրդույան Ս․Լ․ , Հակոբյան Է․Կ․
Published: May 2023

Surgery, as a medical specialty, is one of the most psychologically difficult professions. Teaching surgery as a subject in higher medical institutions is of key importance in educating certain qualities in a future surgeon. Therefore, the methodology for teaching surgery in higher medical education institutions has undergone significant changes in the last decade due to both the revolutionary progress in higher education and the development of healthcare. During training, it is necessary to pay attention to such components as surgical technical skills (including surgical practical skills, simulations, surgical techniques, etc.) and non-technical skills (cognitive, neuropsychological, socialization, etc.). This article presents a successful experience in teaching students theoretical and practical skills in the scientific-experimental group of the Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy of YSMU, involving them in educational and educational-experimental work. Teaching practical skills of future surgeons at the department is carried out both in the classroom and in additional extra-curricular classes within the framework of the scientific group, based on the “student-to-student” teaching method. For acquiring more theoretical knowledge, scientific reports are presented both in the classroom and in extracurricular scientific groups. Surveys conducted among students participating in scientific group work showed high efficiency of scientific group work. About 82.5% of the respondents said that participation in a scientific group contributed to their decision to choose surgery as a specialty, and also contributed to the development of clinical thinking of students, gave them theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of surgery, motivation for learning, and most importantly, it created a surgical environment, where students share experience and knowledge with each other and make new friends in an atmosphere of healthy competition.
Falsos positivos y falsos negativos de las técnicas colorimétricas para la identificación de residuos provenientes de armas de fuego
Authors: Gonzalez Lozano Rafael Uriel , Rebollar López Erika Jazmín , Pérez Cabrera María Fernanda
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo aborda las técnicas más comunes utilizadas para analizar los residuos de disparo presentes en áreas específicas señaladas en la escena del crimen. La prueba de Walker o Griess, Harrison Gilroy, rodizonato de sodio y Lunge son técnicas sencillas y de bajo costo, caracterizadas por desarrollar un cambio de color cuando se presumen positivas ante ciertos componentes. Sin embargo, diversos aspectos modifican la exactitud de sus resultados. La aplicación de las técnicas dependerá de las necesidades y alcances del organismo que las desempeñe.
Yrityshistoria ja kasvuyrittäjyys
Authors: Jensen-Eriksen Niklas
Published: May 2023

In recent years, there has been lively discussion in Finland on why the country does not have more young and fast-growing companies. These debates usually lack historical perspective. Entrepreneurship has always existed in Finland. Yet, the operational environment, values, gender roles and social structures have had an impact throughout history on who is willing and able to establish a company. These factors also influence the ability and willingness of new companies to grow. History can provide us with insights into why the Finnish economy has certain weaknesses, for example a lack of economic and social diversity and a shortage of old and successful middle-sized companies as well as younger high-growth companies. The most successful startup period in Finland was 1850–1914. Many of the companies founded during that time grew quite large. Since then, it has been more difficult for the country to replicate this early success.
Emotional Awareness and Internalizing Problems : A Preliminary Test of State and Trait Associations among Adolescents
Authors: Ghafaryan Shirazi Yasaman , Lindblom Jallu , Punamäki Raija-Leena , Yli-Peltola Marianna , Peltonen Kirsi
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Difficulties in emotional awareness (EA) are often linked to the risk of internalizing problems (IP). Most empirical studies have found this association but have not considered possible state- and trait-related fluctuations in EA and IP assessments. Aims: We tested the directionality of the state-level associations, that is, whether EA at Time 1 predicts IP at Time 2 or the other way around. In line with previous research, we hypothesized that low EA would predict a subsequent increase in IP, as difficulties in emotional awareness dispose one to emotional problems. As an alternative model, we tested the trait-level associations between EA and IP. We hypothesized that a negative latent correlation exists between EA and IP, as common factors may cause them to be associated at the trait level. Methods: Participants were 68 students who completed the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire at two-time points with a one-month interval. We used the Cross-lagged Panel Model to test the state-level associations and structural equation modeling to test trait-level effects. Results: Results displayed no directional effect of EA on IP, and neither did IP predict EA within one month. However, we found a trait-level correlation between EA and IP. We discuss the preliminary results between state and trait level EA and IP in the context of the early developmental environment. Conclusions: This study is a preliminary test of state- and trait-level associations between EA and IP, which could be valuable for practitioners and clinicians.
Maternal Cognitive Flexibility and Children’s Conflict Resolution Ability: A Focus on Mediating Effects of Maternal Reactions to Children’s Negative Emotions and Theory of Mind
Authors: Park Yookyeong , Lee Kangyi
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal cognitive flexibility on children’s conflict resolution ability via maternal reactions to children’s negative emotions and theory of mind.Methods: Data were collected and analyzed from 191 pairs of children and mothers enrolled in a class of four-year-olds at daycare centers and kindergartens in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Preschoolers were asked to answer questions on peer conflict situations and syntactic comprehension. The mothers were asked to answer the questionnaire about cognitive flexibility, reactions to children’s negative emotions, depression, and children’s theory of mind. SPSS 28.0 and PROCESS macro version 4.1 were used to analyze the collected data, and SPSS PROCESS macro model 6 was used to examine the double mediating effects.Results: There was no direct effect of maternal cognitive flexibility on children’s conflict resolution ability. However, maternal cognitive flexibility affects children’s conflict resolution ability even after controlling for children’s sex, syntactic comprehension, and maternal depression through maternal reactions to children’s negative emotions and theory of mind.Conclusion: This study revealed the importance of maternal cognitive flexibility to children’s conflict resolution ability through maternal supportive reactions to children’s negative emotions and theory of mind. Therefore, maternal cognitive ability is associated with the development of children’s conflict resolution ability. This study is helpful in that it provides significant information in seeking ways to improve children’s conflict resolution ability.
Parents and Teachers’ Perceptions of Group Theraplay Participation in the Classroom of Children with Developmental Delays Integrated into the General Classrooms
Authors: Ha Ji Min
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the perceptions of parents and teachers regarding their experiences of participating in group theraplay in the classroom of children with developmental delays integrated into general classes.Methods: This group theraplay targeted children with developmental delays, and included 42 sessions of 30 minutes each, conducted twice a week for a total of 21 weeks from May 9 to October 6, 2022, excluding one week of summer vacation. A communication process to examine the flow of consciousness between parents and teachers was conducted. Verbal speech contents during interviews and reflective journals were collected as research data.Results: Our analysis revealed the following themes: “Entering the world of change in a disconnected relationship,” “The sprouting of change in self -representation,” “Recreating relationship patterns through modification of object representations,” and “Moving toward relationship orientation through selfgrowth.”Conclusion: The significance of the study lies in the fact that we were able to discern the possibility of applying conscious change to unconscious representations, based on reflection and insight in parents and teachers toward performing their roles as good subjects.
Relationship Between Reactive Aggression and Follower Behavior in Bullying Among Adolescents: Moderating Effect of Negative Personal and Normative Beliefs About Follower Behavior
Authors: Park Seo Yeon , Seo Mijung
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study seeks to examine how negative personal and normative beliefs about follower behavior moderates the relationship between adolescents’ reactive aggression and follower behavior in bullying.Methods: The participants were 968 (boys 539, girls 429) adolescents who were first to second graders from six middle schools in Jeju-do. They completed self-report assessments of reactive aggression, follower behavior in bullying, and negative personal and normative beliefs about follower behavior and proactive aggression. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Model 2 in Process macro version 4.2 and a simple slope verification was analyzed to confirm the moderating effect.Results: Adolescent’s follower behavior was significantly positively correlated with reactive aggression. However, there were significant negative correlations between negative personal and normative beliefs about follower behavior. Adolescent’s reactive aggression is thought to have an effect on follower behavior in bullying. Additionally, in the state of controlling gender and proactive aggression, negative personal beliefs about follower behavior moderated the relationship between reactive aggression and follower behavior in bullying. High levels of negative personal beliefs about follower behavior were associated with reactive aggression. However, negative normative beliefs about follower behavior had no moderating effect.Conclusion: The findings reveal the need to consider negative personal beliefs about follower behavior and how they interact with reactive aggression in understanding and preventing follower behavior. Furthermore, this study emphasizes that reactive aggression is an important factor in predicting the follower behavior in bullying.
The Impact of Young Children’s Communication Skills on Social Competence: The Double Mediating Effect of Peer Play
Authors: Cho Yoonju
Published: May 2023

Objectives: Focusing on young children’s communication skills and play with peers affecting social competence, this study aims to verify the double mediating effects of play interaction and disconnection as mediators according to peer play. Furthermore, the existence of structural differences is examined according to gender group in the path of influence affecting social competence.Methods: The data was from the 7th wave of the Panel Study on Korean Children (n = 1,167). The bootstrap method was applied using structural equation modeling by SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 20.0 to analyze the double-mediating effects. Sobel's test was used to verify each mediating effect contained in the model. Multi-group analysis was conducted to examine the differences according to gender.Results: First, the higher a young child's communication skills, the more active the play interaction with their peers. Consequently, social competence also increased. Second, the higher the communication skills, the lower the play disconnection, affecting social competence. Third, communication skills directly affected social competence. Fourth, there was no difference according to the gender group in the double mediating effect model.Conclusion: The results suggest that communication skills affect social competence, and these relationships are influenced through peer play that increases peer interaction and reduces disconnection. Additionally, these can be applied in infants of both genders and interventions undertaken. To improve social competence, the importance of communication skills and peer play, and the direction of early childhood teachers' interventions were presented and discussed.
Effects of Parents’ Intention to Provide Smart Media on Children’s Smart Media Overdependence: Focusing on the Dual Mediating Effects of Parents’ Smart Media Mediation and Children’s Self-regulation
Authors: Shin Sua , Kim Jihyun
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study examined the dual mediating effects of parents’ smart media mediation(active mediation) and children’s self-regulation on the relationship between parents’ intention to provide smart media and children’s smart media overdependence.Methods: Data were collected from 514 parents of 5-year-old children who had previously used smart media. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and partial correlations were analyzed using JASP. Structural equation model(SEM) analysis was conducted using R Studio. Bootstrapping method was used to examine indirect effects.Results: First, parents’ smart media mediation(active mediation) had no partial mediating effect on the relationship between parents’ intention to provide smart media and children’s smart media overdependence. Second, children’s self-regulation had partial mediating effects on the relationship between parents’ intention to provide smart media and children’s smart media overdependence. Finally, parents’ smart media mediation(active mediation) and children’s self-regulation had dual mediating effects on the influence of parents’ intention to provide smart media on children's smart media overdependence.Conclusion: To reduce children’s long-term smart media overdependence, it is necessary to develop selfregulation that allows the independent and active use of smart media. Therefore, parents must determine their intentions to provide smart media to their children, avoid convenience intention, and reinforce their educational intention to provide smart media. Nevertheless, parents should develop self-regulation in their children through appropriate mediation, where they discuss rules, negative situations, and safe use.
La agresividad en hombres que llevan un proceso penal por el delito de violencia contra la mujer en su manifestación física, en el departamento de Guatemala
Authors: Flores Luna Brenda Beatriz
Published: May 2023

El presente estudio tiene por objeto establecer y descubrir los tipos y causa de agresividad, que poseen los hombres que ejercen violencia hacia su pareja. Para esto se utilizó una muestra de 20 hombres sindicados por este delito, en los juzgados especializados de Femicidio y Otras formas de Violencia, del departamento de Guatemala. A quienes se le aplicó la Escala de Buss y Perry, la cual arroja los tipos de agresividad que presenta y las causas se establecieron a través de una encuesta realizada por la investigadora. Los resultados obtenidos determinan que cada persona es individual, en la forma de reaccionar; algunos lo hacen con hostilidad, otros con ira, otros son agresivos verbalmente, y otros físicamente, estos resultados ayudaron a visualizar esta conducta en los hombres que llevan un proceso penal. Asimismo las causas se establecieron de varios tipos siendo las socioculturales, las que en su mayoría de los evaluados, les incidió en su conducta. Otra de las causas fue el consumo de Alcoholismo o Drogas, que también tuvieron un impacto mayor en los resultados; ya que la reacción de la mayoría de hombres se debió a que se encontraban en estado de ebriedad cuando cometieron esas agresiones a su pareja. La incidencia de estos resultados refleja la necesidad de contar con un programa específico para estas personas que les ayuden a poder controlar estos tipos y causas que le producen actuar de forma agresiva.
IDENTIDADES E DISCURSOS: A CONSTRUÇÃO DISCURSIVA DA LESBIANIDADE
Authors: Souza Maria Clara Guimarães , Lima Priscilla Melo Ribeiro de
Published: May 2023

A lógica binária do discurso hegemônico heteronormativo preconiza uma única forma aceitável de ser mulher baseada na linearidade entre práticas sexuais, desejo, sexo, gênero e sexualidade. As vivências de mulheres lésbicas mães são vistas como inadequadas, resultando em sofrimento psíquico. Os dados analisados foram gerados a partir de entrevistas narrativas com cinco mulheres lésbicas e mães, dentre as quais uma foi analisada. Essa entrevista em profundidade possibilitou o acesso à experiência da maternidade e da sexualidade e a investigação da construção da identidade dessa mulher em um contexto heteronormativo. Os dados foram analisados de acordo com os estudos em Psicologia Social e de autores da Análise Crítica do Discurso sobre identidade, metamorfose e discurso. Nossa pesquisa oportunizou um lugar de escuta e diálogo e possibilitou aprofundar a compreensão de como a participante (re)significou sua história diante do fato da lesbianidade ocupar um espaço de invisibilidade na sociedade contemporânea.
Documentos históricos no Amapá e a preservação da memória cultural
Authors: Custódio Elivaldo Serrão
Published: May 2023

Diante da crível inexistência de políticas públicas voltadas ao fomento/preservação da memória documental e cultural local, este artigo busca assinalar a urgente e necessária demanda por digitalização e disponibilização dos acervos documentais públicos e privados atinentes a diferentes contextos e aspectos da história amapaense, muitos dos quais encontram-se dispersos e em vulnerável estado de preservação. Trata-se de um breve e parcial estudo de caráter qualitativo. Nesse atinente, lançamos mão de pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental e entrevista como estratégias metodológicas. Também buscamos balizar alguns conceitos como educação patrimonial, identidade, documento histórico e preservação digital de modo a relacionar a prática de digitalização de documentos históricos à conservação da memória documental e cultural. Os resultados apontam para a ausência de políticas públicas específicas a temática em tela e o descaso com o patrimônio histórico local (Museu Joaquim Caetano da Silva) que concorrem para o consequente atraso no desenvolvimento científico e cultural no Estado.
Anos dourados: em busca da liberdade e justiça social
Authors: Santana Wesley , Bueno Marcelo Martins
Published: May 2023

Este artigo pretende apresentar os mecanismos teóricos e práticos da organização da sociedade civil através de manifestações populares sob o método de múltiplas historicidades e territórios com a perspectiva sócio-político-econômico-filosófica das permanências em nossa história contemporânea. Essas manifestações garantiram e garantem os “anos dourados” a partir de 1968 com o objetivo de reivindicar a liberdade e a justiça social na França e no mundo ocidental como um todo sob o prisma da disputa entre grupos sociais e interesses de classes representadas, diretamente, pelo Estado, que formam a sociedade dos privilégios e que intensificam as diferenças e a atomização do próprio indivíduo por meio da hegemonização da ideologia liberal no sistema capitalista.
Aktive Passivität
Authors: Hueck Johanna
Published: May 2023

In view of current problem areas, especially with regard to the destruction of nature, the question arises of how we can deal productively with the abysmal flip side of the history of emancipation in Central European thought. The question arises of how a concept of subjectivity, in which the subject maintains responsible sovereignty, is to be thought of without closing itself to its counterpart or negating or even destroying it through its objectifying access. In this book, the author shows that as early as in the work of F.W.J. Schelling, there is an approach that takes this problem into account.
Perspective Chapter: Evidence-Based Medicine - A New Approach for Medical Education and Practice
Authors: Emwodew Yehualashet Delelegn , Tariku Seboka Binyam , Tesfaye Mamo Tizalegn , Namaro Yawo Mulugeta
Published: May 2023

The new concept is gaining worldwide recognition and acceptance in medical education and practice. Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the term used to describe this novel approach to the teaching and practice of medicine. The purpose of this chapter is to give you a brief overview of the components of EBM, EBM principles, the steps of EBM practice, and the skills required for EBM that can shape your approach toward EBM. A review of the English-language literature was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google to obtain EBM definitions, the components of EBM, EBM principles, the steps of EBM practice, and the skills required for EBM. EBM is the integration of the best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. It consists of three basic components: the best available evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values. The integration of these three components can be effectively achieved by completing the five steps of the EBM practice. The five-step process of EBM is asking, acquiring, appraising, applying the evidence in clinical decisions, and assessing the outcome.
Modes of Acetylcholine Signaling in the Prefrontal Cortex: Implications for Cholinergic Dysfunction and Disorders
Authors: Fecik Matthew , M. Savage Lisa
Published: May 2023

The forebrain cholinergic system is an important mediator of arousal, attention, memory, and other cognitive processes. Cholinergic signaling is typically divided into two patterns, tonic signaling, which involves sustained changes in ambient acetylcholine (ACh) tone over seconds to minutes, and phasic signaling, which involves fast changing, spatially specific release of ACh on a millisecond timescale. There is evidence to suggest unique functional roles for both types of signaling in the prefrontal cortex: phasic release of ACh is thought to be necessary for attentional processes, as well as cue detection, while tonic signaling is thought to be involved in regulating global arousal states and has been shown to increase with general cognitive demand. The differences between these two types of signaling may originate from electrophysiological properties of cholinergic cell types, distinct muscarinic and nicotinic receptor utilization and/or expression, and/or differential hydrolysis of ACh by acetylcholinesterase. This review will summarize the current views on the functional role of each type of signaling, while the contributions of ACh receptors, hydrolysis, and basal forebrain anatomy are examined. Additionally, the implications of these factors in ACh signaling will be examined in terms of cholinergic circuit dysfunction that occurs in neurodegenerative diseases.
Climate System Ontology: A Formal Specification of the Complex Climate System
Authors: Davarpanah Armita , A. Babaie Hassan , Huang Guanyu
Published: May 2023

Modeling the climate system requires a formal representation of the characteristics of the system elements and the processes that change them. The Climate System Ontology (CSO) represents the semantics of the processes that continuously cause change at component and system levels. The CSO domain ontology logically represents various links that relate the nodes in this complex network. It models changes in the radiative balance caused by human activities and other forcings as solar energy flows through the system. CSO formally expresses various processes, including non-linear feedbacks and cycles, that change the compositional, structural, and behavioral characteristics of system components. By reusing the foundational logic of a set of top- and mid-level ontologies, we have modeled complex concepts such as hydrological cycle, forcing, greenhouse effect, feedback, and climate change in the ontology. This coherent, publicly available ontology can be queried to reveal the input and output of processes that directly impact the system elements and causal chains that bring change to the whole system. Our description of best practices in ontology development and explanation of the logics that underlie the extended upper-level ontologies help climate scientists to design interoperable domain and application ontologies, and share and reuse semantically rich climate data.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Novel Insight into Cardiovascular Events, Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), and Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Velappan Muralidharan , Munusamy Deecaraman
Published: May 2023

It is a common knowledge that fish is a significant source of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, two long-chain omega-3 fatty acids that have been linked to improve cardiovascular health in general. The cardiac function of humans is benefited by omega-3 fatty acids found in fish eating. Previous studies have shown that eating fish in moderation lowers the risk of coronary heart disease. Recent epidemiological research on the relationship between fish consuming and coronary disease have produced mixed results. Omega-3 fatty acids may not, according to a recent study, lower the incidence of cardiovascular events, strokes, cardiac arrhythmias, or fatalities from coronary heart disease; consequently, it continues to be a contentious issue.
Ab Initio Study of the Electronic and Energy Properties of Diamond Carbon
Authors: Sellam Abdellah , Koumina Abdelaziz , Bakak Abderrahim , Hadaoui Abdellah , Kebir Hlil El , Heyd Rodolphe
Published: May 2023

In this chapter, we present a study on the electronic properties of diamond carbon, using band structure and density of states calculations. The calculations are based on the use of the grid-based projector-augmented wave (GPAW) and atomic simulation environment (ASE) methods. The main results of our work are the optimization of diamond energy (to −17.57 eV) and the calculation of the gap with the PBE (Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof) and the functional hybrid PBE0 hybrid functional, which is about 5.368 eV (the closest value to the value found in the literature). We were also able to reproduce the experimental value of the lattice constant of diamond to within 0.2% for PBE0 and 0.4% for PBE. Our results contribute to the study of the electronic properties of diamond using GPAW and ASE simulation, which is a set of Python modules, designed to facilitate the setup, execution, and analysis of atomic/electronic calculations. This tight integration of ASE and GPAW should be exploited in future research of the electronic properties of diamond, which is one of the most promising materials for the integrated electronic and photonic, radio, optoelectronic, and quantum devices industry. This chapter provides interesting information for the theoretical and experimental communities working in this field.
Reshaping Blended Learning after the COVID-19 Period in Higher Education
Authors: Köpeczi-Bócz Tamás
Published: May 2023

The tragic situation caused by the COVID-19 epidemic also became the biggest experiment in higher education. We sought the answer to the challenges arising at University of Tokaj with a higher education pedagogical experiment. The experiment was based on the practice-oriented design of cooperative learning, which was implemented through the joint project work of groups of different ages. The research question at the center of the experiment was whether the learning effectiveness of the groups participating in the experiment changed as a result of the completely on-line training during the COVID period. Based on deductive logic, the conclusion can be drawn that students active in the COVID period can be effectively educated within the “blended learning” methodology with an online-dominant training organization of up to 80%. The so-called COVID groups do not belong to a uniform age group, but to a group of students with the same history. In higher education, it is advisable to use the effect of the “spontaneous experiment” caused by the global tragedy of COVID as soon as possible, so that within the “blended-learning” method, the ratio of contact (classroom) and online training is between 20% and 80% we approximate to.
Point-of-care Ultrasound Identification of Hepatic Abscess in the Emergency Department
Authors: Blomquist Michael , Brinkerhoff Taz , Weech David , Choi Heesun
Published: May 2023

Case Presentation: A 92-year-old female with past medical history of hypertension presented to the emergency department with pain in her right shoulder, right flank, and right upper quadrant of her abdomen. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) and computed tomography imaging showed concerns for multiple large hepatic abscesses. Percutaneous drainage removed 240 milliliters of purulent fluid that identified Fusobacterium nucleatum, a rare cause of pyogenic liver abscess.Discussion: Emergency physicians should keep hepatic abscess on their differential for right upper quadrant abdominal pain and can use POCUS for expeditious diagnosis.
Perceived Stress, Moral Distress, and Spiritual Intelligence of Clinical Nurses in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Bazghaleh Milad , Abbasi Mohammad , Bahonar Elahe , Ghomian Zohreh , Sadeghi Mahdi , Norouzadeh Reza
Published: May 2023

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the psychological problems of people all over the world. In this crisis, nurses experienced complex physical and psychological stress. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship of perceived stress with moral distress and the spiritual intelligence of clinical nurses in the context of COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 285 clinical nurses working in public hospitals in the city of Shahroud, Iran. Data collection instruments included a demographic data sheet, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Corley’s Moral Distress Scale (MDS), and King’s Spiritual Intelligence Scale (SISRI-24). Descriptive (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (the independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and logistic regression analysis) were used to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed that nurses reported high levels of perceived stress (36.12 ± 5.14). Perceived stress was positively and significantly correlated with moral distress (P = 0.001, r = 0.09). Perceived stress was also significantly correlated with age (P < 0.01, r = 0.29) and work experience (P = 0.001, r = -0.85). Conclusions: According to the findings, nurses must strive to reduce moral distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, psychosocial support for clinical nurses, stress management courses, and providing welfare facilities for nurses are essential.
Plevral efüzyonlu hastalarda etiyolojik nedenler ve plevral kültür sonuçlarının retrospektif değerlendirilmesi
Authors: OĞUZ MIZRAKÇI Serpil , ALKAN Sevil
Published: May 2023

Amaç: Plevral efüzyon, birçok farklı hastalığın komplikasyonu olarak gelişebilir. Bu çalışmada, hastanemize plevral efüzyon nedeni ile yatırılan veya incelemeler sırasında plevral efüzyon saptanan hastaların efüzyon nedenlerinin, özelliklerinin ve plevral sıvı kültürlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada Nisan 2020-Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında hastanede yatan plevral efüzyon saptanan ve torasentez işlemi uygulanan 18 yaşın üzerindeki hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışmaya 84 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalara ait bulgular konsültasyon notları ve hastane otomasyon sisteminden elde edildi. Plevral sıvının yerleşimi unilateral (sağ veya sol) veya bilateral olarak kaydedildi. Plevral sıvının görünümü (seröz, hemorajik ve püy), biyokimyasal analizler ve plevra sıvısı kültürleri incelendi. Plevral efüzyonun eksüda-transüda ayrımı için Light kriterleri kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 64,31 ± 16,99 yıl ve 48'i (%57,1) erkek cinsiyette idi. 52 (%61,9) hastada sağda, 19 (%22,62) hastada solda, 13 (%15,48) hastada bilateral plevral efüzyon saptandı. Plevral sıvı, en sık olarak 59 (%70,23) hastada seröz görünümde, 14 (%16,68) hastada hemorajik, 11 (%13,09) hastada pürülan görünümündeydi. 58 (%69,04) hastada eksüda, 26 (%30,96) hastada transüda saptandı. Olguların 16’sında (%19,04) malign plevral efüzyon saptandı. Malign plevral efüzyonu olanların yaş ortalaması 70,11± 10,09 yıl olup, genel ortalamadan daha yüksekti. Transüdası olan 26 hastanın 18’i (%69,23) erkek cinsiyette idi. Eksüdası olanların ise 30’u (%51,72) erkek cinsiyette idi.

Sonuçlar: Plevral efüzyonun en sık nedenleri olarak sırasıyla kalp yetmzliği, malign hastalıklar, parapnömonik efüzyon ve ampiyem olarak tespit edildi. Bu hastalardan alınan plevra sıvı incelemeleri tedaviye yol göstermesi açısından faydalıdır.
Caring Affinity Networks
Authors: Respess Shaun ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: May 2023

The medicalization of mental health remains a point of contention for bioethicists, especially as it concerns the epistemic capabilities of those diagnosed with an illness or disorder. Gosselin (2019) argues that biomedicalization commits epistemic injustices against these persons and consequently entraps them in a “cycle of vulnerability”; in response, she proposes principles of justice to defend them from such affronts. This paper builds off of her work and responds particularly to the demand for a “sociocentric view of the self as essentially relational.” I present a theory of interdependent agency and affiliation that I contend conceptually bolsters her normative principles. I explain how an expanded use of relational epistemologies, united with a non-ideal theory of mental health, can enrich our hermeneutical resources with respect to those with mental illnesses/disorders. My account introduces normative considerations premised on interdependency, most notably from care theory. Concepts such as vulnerability, relational autonomy, attentiveness, and responsiveness ground a relationally-situated approach that (1) improves the epistemic positionalities of patients, (2) informs more suitable dynamics of care/treatment, and (3) unites groups of mutually interested actors against harm and injustice. I thus use a framework of care to promote affiliations of similarly disadvantaged persons under shared causes and initiatives. I refer to these assemblages as “caring affinity networks.”
ЩОДО СУБ’ЄКТИВНОЇ ЧАСТИНИ СКЛАДУ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПРАВОПОРУШЕНЬ
Authors:   Вінницький соціально-економічний інститут університету «Україна», Пригоцький Вячеслав , Олійник Олеся
Published: May 2023

Це дослідження є викладенням особистих об’єктивних поглядів на сутність окремих елементів кримінальних економічних правопорушень.
Timing and Predictors of Recanalization After Anticoagulation in Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Salehi Omran Setareh , Shu Liqi , Chang Allison , Parikh Neal S. , Zubair Adeel S. , Simpkins Alexis N. , Heldner Mirjam R. , Hakim Arsany , Kasab Sami Al , Nguyen Thanh , Klein Piers , Goldstein Eric D. , Vedovati Maria Cristina , Paciaroni Maurizio , Liebeskind David S. , Yaghi Shadi , Cutting Shawna
Published: May 2023

Background and Purpose Vessel recanalization after cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is associated with favorable outcomes and lower mortality. Several studies examined the timing and predictors of recanalization after CVT with mixed results. We aimed to investigate predictors and timing of recanalization after CVT.Methods We used data from the multicenter, international AntiCoagulaTION in the Treatment of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (ACTION-CVT) study of consecutive patients with CVT from January 2015 to December 2020. Our analysis included patients that had undergone repeat venous neuroimaging more than 30 days after initiation of anticoagulation treatment. Prespecified variables were included in univariate and multivariable analyses to identify independent predictors of failure to recanalize.Results Among the 551 patients (mean age, 44.4±16.2 years, 66.2% women) that met inclusion criteria, 486 (88.2%) had complete or partial, and 65 (11.8%) had no recanalization. The median time to first follow-up imaging study was 110 days (interquartile range, 60–187). In multivariable analysis, older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.07), male sex (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.24–0.80), and lack of parenchymal changes on baseline imaging (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29–0.96) were associated with no recanalization. The majority of improvement in recanalization (71.1%) occurred before 3 months from initial diagnosis. A high percentage of complete recanalization (59.0%) took place within the first 3 months after CVT diagnosis.Conclusion Older age, male sex, and lack of parenchymal changes were associated with no recanalization after CVT. The majority recanalization occurred early in the disease course suggesting limited further recanalization with anticoagulation beyond 3 months. Large prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Evaluating Classical and Artificial Intelligence Methods for Credit Risk Analysis
Authors: Reis Bruno , Quintino António
Published: May 2023

Credit scoring remains one of the most important subjects in financial risk management. Although the methods in this field have grown in sophistication, further improvements are necessary. These advances could translate in major gains for financial institutions and other companies that extend credit by diminishing the potential for losses in this process. This research seeks to compare statistical and artificial intelligence (AI) predictors in a credit risk analysis setting, namely the discriminant analysis, the logistic regression (LR), the artificial neural networks (ANNs), and the random forests. In order to perform this comparison, these methods are used to predict the default risk for a sample of companies that engage in trade credit. Pre-processing procedures are established, namely in the form of a proper sampling technique to assure the balance of the sample. Additionally, multicollinearity in the dataset is assessed via an analysis of the variance inflation factors (VIFs), and the presence of multivariate outliers is investigated with an algorithm based on robust Mahalanobis distances (MDs). After seeking the most beneficial architectures and/or settings for each predictor category, the final models are then compared in terms of several relevant key performance indicators (KPIs). The benchmarking analysis revealed that the artificial intelligence methods outperformed the statistical approaches.
Effect of Exercise on Some Erythrocyte Parameters in Trained and Untrained Groups
Authors: BEYDAĞI Hüseyin , ÇOKSEVİM Bekir , TEMOÇİN Sadun
Published: May 2023

In this study, 40 healty male students of Erciyes Medical Faculty were examined. Aerobic capacities of volunteers were evaluated by Physical Working Capacity 170 (PWC170) test and higher in trained group than untrained group. There were some changes in Erythrocyte count, Hemoglobine, Hematocrite, Blood volume, Cell volume and Plasma volume related to the intensity of exercise. There was no difference between trained and untrained groups. MCV, MCH and MCHC values showed no .difference by the exercise. Ali the parameters retumed to inital values, 24 hours after the exercise.
Compared the Psychologic Symptoms and Life Satisfaction of Aged People Living at Home or Nursing Home
Authors: EKİCİ Hamiyet , ÜNAL Süheyla
Published: May 2023

The effects of living home or nursing home aged people on psychologic symtoms and life satisfaction have been searched in this study. We found that the aged people living in nursing home were more suspicious and less confident than living in their own home.
Determination of IgG by Elisa Method Using PPD as the Antigen in Sera of Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: ALBAY Ali , KISA Özgül , BAYSALLAR Mehmet , BAŞUSTAOĞLU A.Celal , GÜN Hüseyin
Published: May 2023

IgG antibody levels of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and PPD(-) or PPD( +) controls were investigated by ELISA method using Purified Protein Derivate(PPD) as the antigen. When compared with the control groups, the levels of IgG were found significantly higher in the sera of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis.
We suggest that ELISA utilizing PPD as an antigen can be a helpful method in the differentiation of patients with active tuberculosis from healthy individuals and in the follow-up of the effects of antituberculosis treatment.
Congenital Pes Equinovarus and the Results of Treatment
Authors: BÜYÜKBEBECİ Orhan , GÜLEÇ Akif , BATMAZ Mesut
Published: May 2023

Congenital Pes equınovarus is one of the more common congenital deformities of the foot. The exact etiopathology of pes equınovarus is unknown. Treatment should be started as soon as possible. Twelve feet of ten patients who were admitted to our clinic for congenital pes eqwnovaros were reviewed. Etio-pathology, incidence and treatment were discussed in view of the literature.
Resection of the Liver Metastatic Tumors
Authors: KOCAOĞLU Hilmi , ÇAM Ragıp , BİTİK Selahattin
Published: May 2023

Recently, there has been lots of improvements in the liver surgery. in these improvements, better recognition of segmental liver anatomy and better diagnosis of liver metastases particularly by sonography and computer tomography played a key role. Postoperative complication are falls of total serum protein, hypoglycemia, bleeding and infection. They can be avoided or reduced by a careful preparation. Mortality could be reduced to 7 % . After resection of unilocular or lobular metastases of colorectal cancer the life expactancy for five years is 25 %. Resection of liver metastases of other primary tumors is stili discussed coutradictory. Only after resection of metastases of hypernephroma, carcinoid and other endocrine tumors a long follow-up has been described.
İŞ SÜREÇLERİNDE SİSTEMATİK YENİLİK YAKLAŞIMI – YARATICI PROBLEM ÇÖZME TEORİSİ’NİN KULLANILMASI
Authors: ASLAN Dogan , ŞEN Ali
Published: May 2023

Günümüzde giderek artan küreselleşmeye ve devamlı farklılaşan çevre koşullarına bağlı olarak işletmelerin devamlı artan küresel rekabet ortamında farklılaşan müşteri talep ve beklentilerini karşılayabilmek adına, sürekli ve sistematik olarak yenilenmeleri ve yenilikçilik çalışmaları yapmaları gerekmektedir. İşletmelerin müşteri beklentilerini karşılanmasının yanı sıra iş süreçlerinin de yenilenmesi, bu sayede iş süreçlerindeki maliyet ve zararları azami seviyede azaltması aynı zamanda gelir, kâr ve faydaların ise olabildiğince maksimize edilmesi gerekmektedir ve beklenmektedir.
Bu çalışma beş ana kısımdan oluşmaktadır, birinci kısımda çalışmanın amacı hakkında genel tanımlayıcı bilgiler verilmiştir. İkinci kısımda sistematik yenilikçilik yaklaşımı, yenilikçilik ve türleri, yaratıcı problem çözme teorisi (TRIZ) konuları literatür araştırmalarından faydalanılarak tanımlanmıştır. Üçüncü kısımda ise yaratıcı problem çözme teorisinin nasıl uygulanacağına dair süreç tanımlaması örnek bir lojistik firmasında işletmenin devamlılığını ve kârlılığını sağlamak için finans, pazarlama, taşıma hizmet süreçleri ve insan kaynakları ve benzeri alanlarda daha başarılı iş süreci oluşturulması için uygulanmıştır ve süreçler tanımlanmıştır. Dördüncü kısımda ise; yapılan örnek çalışmanın sonucunda elde edilen veriler özet halinde listelenmiş ve bulgular hakkında yorum yapılmıştır. Sonuç kısmında ise; çalışmanın örnek bir işletmenin potansiyel ve mevcut kaynaklarını kullanarak daha kârlı ve verimli iş süreci elde edebilmesi adına gözlem ve ölçmeye dayalı, TRIZ teorisinin temel prensiplerini temel alan, gelişmeye ve yenilikçiliğe yönelik uygulanan uygulamanın faydaları gösterilmiştir.
Sistematik yenilikçilik üzerine çok sayıda araştırmacının çok sayıda çalışması bulunmaktadır ve geniş bir literatüre sahiptir. Ancak literatürde sistematik yenilikçilik yaklaşımı iş süreçlerinde uygulanır ise nasıl sonuçlara sebep olacağı yönünde yeterli sayıda çalışma mevcut değildir. Yapılan çalışma ile sistematik yenilikçilik yaklaşımının iş süreçlerinde uygulanmasının nasıl sonuçlar doğuracağı incelemiş, iş süreçlerinin yenilenmesinden ve iyileştirilmesinden sağlanan soyut ve somut faydalar ortaya konmuştur.
Big Data Ethics in Education and Research
Authors:   Romanian Academy, Sfetcu Nicolae
Published: May 2023

Big data ethics involves adherence to the concepts of right and wrong behavior regarding data, especially personal data. Big Data ethics focuses on structured or unstructured data collectors and disseminators. Big data ethics is supported, at EU level, by extensive documentation, which seeks to find concrete solutions to maximize the value of big data without sacrificing fundamental human rights. The European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS) supports the right to privacy and the right to the protection of personal data in the respect of human dignity.