bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imagen y (des)cortesía: interferencias sociopragmáticas y efectos en la comunicación en algunos manuales de ELE de Corea del Sur
Authors: Rodríguez Santos José María , Miró Martí Oriol
Published: July 2019

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar las transferencias sociopragmáticas relativas a los sistemas de cortesía en español y coreano que se pueden encontrar en materiales didácticos empleados en Corea del Sur. Para ello, se parte de las bases teóricas que sustentan hoy en día los estudios de cortesía, así como el reflejo de estas en documentos de referencia para la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras como es el MCER (Consejo de Europa, 2002). Una vez establecidas estas bases, se analizarán algunos ejemplos extraídos de manuales que muestran estas transferencias y las consecuencias que las mismas acarrean en el acto comunicativo.
Pig-Neural recording and analysis-workflow v1
Authors: Ardell Jeffrey
Published: July 2019

Neural analysis using linear micrarray electrodes.
SPARC bilateral terminal phrenic neurophysiology preparation with moderate acute intermittent hypoxia v1
Authors: Gonzalez-Rothi Elisa , Tadjalli Arash , Perim Raphael , Mitchell Gordon
Published: July 2019

Protocol for conducting bilateral phrenic neurograms in anesthetized, paralyzed, vagotomized and mechanically ventilated rats - moderate acute intermittent hypoxia-induced phrenic long-term facilitation protocol
ATP synthase activity assay (radioactive) v1
Authors: Wiegard Anika , Köbler Christin , Oyama Katsuaki , K. Dörrich Anja , Azai Chihiro , Terauchi Kazuki , Wilde Annegret , Maria IM Axmann Ilka
Published: July 2019

This protocol describes how to detect synthesis of [α32P]ATP from [α32P]ATP by recombinant KaiC proteins. Radioactive nucleotides are separated via thin layer chromatography using TLC PEI Cellulose F plates as stationary phase and LiCl as soluble phase. The principle of this method is based on Egli et al. (Egli M, Mori T, Pattanayek R, Xu Y, Qin X, Johnson CH.2012. Dephosphorylation of the core clock protein KaiC in the cyanobacterial KaiABC circadian oscillator proceeds via an ATP synthase mechanism. Biochemistry 51:1547-58.)
Sohbet v1
Authors: Turnsek Jernej
Published: July 2019

Sohbet etmek için ideal sohbet alanı iste burada. Bazen sevildiğini, bazen sevdiğini, bazen ikisinede ihtiyacın olmadığını sanırsın. Fakat sonuç olarak hep yanılırsın! Lak lak sohbet o yanilgiyi yok etmek icin var. Burada Deniz derindir durulmaz, dostluk ebedidir unutulmaz. Çoğumuzun evinde yıllar önce internet yoktu. O zamanlar internet cafeler meshurdu. Bizlerde sohbet sitelerine bile internet cafelerden girerdik. Bu derece akıllı telefonlar yoktu. Şimdi lak lak sohbet zamanın da, herşey son hız ve gerekli kalitesiyle sizlerin önüne serilmiş. Sohbet siteleri ne daha katılım varmı diyen dostlar. İdeal sohbet edilen her yerde, sohbet odası adı altında eskisinden kaliteli halde olarak siz kullanıcılarına sunuldu.
Protein interaction analysis of KaiC3 with various Kai homologs via yeast two-hybrid experiments (β-Galactosidase Assay) v1
Authors: Wiegard Anika , Köbler Christin , Oyama Katsuaki , K. Dörrich Anja , Azai Chihiro , Terauchi Kazuki , Wilde Annegret , Maria IM Axmann Ilka
Published: July 2019

This protocol can be used to investigate protein-protein interaction via yeast two-hybrid experiments. It describes the yeast-two hybrid method relying on a color change using β-galactosidase activity.
Mint-ChIP3: A low-input ChIP-seq protocol using multiplexed chromatin and T7 amplification v1
Authors: D Walter Lauren , Van Galen Peter , E. Bernstein Bradley , B Epstein Charles
Published: July 2019

This is a ChIP-seq protocol that uses native chromatin plus MNase digestion, and employs ligation of a barcoded adapter with a T7 promoter after MNase digestion and prior to the immunoprecipitation step. Due to the barcode on the ligated adapter, we have the option to mix multiple (typically 2 to 4) chromatin preps together, prior to the the immunopreciptation step. This adapter barcode becomes an "in-line" barcode, which is read during the first 8 cycles of Read 2 during the paired-end Illumina sequencing. Subsequent to the recovery of ChIP DNA, we will use the T7 promoter contained within the ligated adapter to in vitro transcribe the ChIP DNA, followed by reverse transcription and PCR amplification, to complete library construction. The PCR amplification incorporates a conventional Illumina barcode, typically one per antibody in use; primer designs are supplied for both single index and dual index Illumina sequencing. We find this protocol gives excellent results with about 50,000 cells per ChIP using antibodies to histone modifications. This protocol extends the method previously published (van Galen et al, 2016). While conceptually similar to the prior method, it differs in several ways from the prior publication, and 100% of the oligonucleotides have been redesigned to achieve higher efficiency.
BG11 medium (working group Wilde) v1
Authors: Köbler Christin , Wilde Annegret
Published: July 2019

100x BG11 (500 ml) 74.79 g NaNO3 3.75 g MgSO4 × 7H2O 1.8 g CaCl2 × 2H2O 0.30 g Citric Acid 0.28 ml 0,5 M Na2EDTA (pH 8) Add Aqua bidest (ddH2O) to a final volume of 500 ml. Aliquot (5x100 ml) and autoclave. Store at 4°C. Trace-Metal-Mix (500 ml) 1.43 g H3BO3 900 mg MnCl2 × 4H2O 110 mg ZnSO4 × 7H2O 195 mg Na2MoO4 × 2H2O 39.5 mg CuSO4 × 5H2O 24.7 mg Co(NO3)2 × 6H2O Put some ddH2O into the bottle; dissovle the salts seperately and fill up to 500 ml. Sterile filter and aliquot the solution (10 x 50 ml). Store at 4°C. 2x BG11 (1 L) 20 ml 100x BG11 2 ml K2HPO4 × 3H2O (30 mg/ml) 2 ml Na2CO3 (20 mg/ml) 2 ml Trace-Metal-Mix Add 900 ml deionized water, afterwards add the solutions, fill up to 1 L with deionized water and autoclave. Store at RT. Before use add 2 ml of Fe-Ammonium-Citrate (6 mg/ml). 1xBG11 (1 L) 10 ml 100xBG11 10 ml TES pH 8 1 ml K2HPO4 (30 mg/ml) 1 ml Na2CO3 (20 mg/ml) 1 ml Trace-Metal-Mix Add 900 ml deionized water, afterwards add the solutions, fill up to 1 L with deionized water and autoclave. Store at RT. Before use add 1 ml of Fe-Ammonium-Citrate (6 mg/ml).
Españolas y esclavas negras en el siglo XVI novohispano
Authors: Encontra y Vilalta. María José
Published: July 2019

Este artículo nos acercará a una realidad novohispana poco tratada; se abordará   la activa participación que tuvieron las mujeres peninsulares en la conformación de la sociedad virreinal y al mismo tiempo, la relación que mantuvieron estas mujeres con los esclavos de origen africano. Las fuentes utilizadas fundamentalmente para este trabajo son algunos de los documentos localizados en el Archivo de notarías de la Ciudad de México.
Marka Aşkının Öncülleri ve Sonuçları: Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde Bir Uygulama
Authors: YILDIZ Emel , GÜNAYDIN Reyhan
Published: July 2019

Önceleri
tüketiciler istek ve ihtiyaçlarını sınırlı seçenekler arasından karşılarken
günümüzde teknolojinin gelişmesinin getirdiği erişim kolaylığı ile seçeneklerin
sayısı artmıştır. Bu nedenle, markaya karşı duygusal ve tutkulu bağı ifade eden
marka aşkı kavramı önem kazanmaya başlamıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı; marka
çağrışımları, marka güveni, marka farkındalığı, marka imajı ve algılanan
kalitenin marka aşkı üzerindeki etkilerini; Marka aşkının da marka sadakati ve
kulaktan kulağa pazarlama davranışı üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesidir.
Araştırmanın ana kütlesi Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde yaşayan ve Türkiye’de
faaliyet gösteren ünlü bir elektronik markası müşterilerinden oluşmaktadır. Kolayda
örnekleme yöntemi ile elde edilen 400 tüketiciye yüz yüze anket yöntemi
uygulanmıştır. Verilerin geçerlilik ve güvenilirliklerini test etmek için
faktör analizi ve cronbach alfa yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma hipotezleri
yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile test edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda marka
çağrışımları, marka güveni, marka farkındalığı, marka imajı ve algılanan
kalitenin marka aşkını, marka aşkının da marka sadakati ve kulaktan kulağa
pazarlama davranışını pozitif yönlü etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
Simulation of continuous flows with discrete models
Authors: Bobkov S.P. , Chernjavskaja A.S.
Published: July 2019

The vast majority of heat and power processes include the motion of significant amounts of gases and liq-uids. This makes it important and quite urgent to develop approaches for computer simulation and visualiza-tion of continuum flows in technological devices and pipelines. A whole set of new approaches to mathematical modelling of continuum flows has been recently developed. The most common one is using discrete mathematical models for these purposes. Discrete approaches can simplify modeling procedures in cases where traditional methods require complex time-consuming calculations. At the same time, correct-ness of description of various flow regimes by the discrete methods is often questioned. The second problem of the mentioned models is a large-scale transition from model discrete parameters to generally accepted macroscopic characteristics of flows. The purpose of this work is to determine continuous flow regimes that can be correctly described by certain models. The paper considers discrete dynamic models in the form of lattice gases. A continuum in this case is represented by a set of particles moving only in allowed directions. Despite certain limitations, there is solid evidence that lattice gases quite successfully describe a whole range of hydrodynamic phenomena, and the obtained results do not contradict the generally accepted views on the physical nature of continuum motion processes. The paper describes approaches that allow estimating flow parameters using generally accepted macroscopic indicators. It also studies possible application areas of lattice gas models using the motion of virtual particles on a spatial lattice (HPP and FHP models) and the model based on the discrete analogue of the Boltzmann equation (LBM model) to simulate and visualize continuum flows. The obtained data are in good agreement with the generally accepted results and do not contradict the provisions of classical hydrodynamics. The paper shows that the models considering particle collisions (HPP and FHP) are applicable to describing gas flows in laminar regimes. The LBM model should be considered to be more correct for simulation and visualization of real fluid flows.
Avaliação do nível de sustentabilidade do sítio Encontro das Andorinhas no extremo sul da Bahia
Authors: Farias Emilly Da Silva , Alves Laylane Pinheiro , Souza Thais Santos de
Published: July 2019

Diante da situação de degradação em que se encontram os sistemas de cultivo atuais, surgiu um novo conceito de produção que busca a sustentabilidade em todas as suas etapas: a agroecologia. Esta, por sua vez, é capaz de possibilitar uma transição a estilos de agriculturas sustentáveis contribuindo para o estabelecimento de processos de desenvolvimento rural sustentável. Pensando nisso, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o nível de sustentabilidade do sítio Encontro das Andorinhas localizado no extremo sul da Bahia. Para tal avaliação foi utilizada a tabela de mensuração de indicadores de sustentabilidade de agroecossistemas, onde foram avaliados os parâmetros de Uso da Terra, Biodiversidade, Saneamento Ambiental, Social e Econômico. Os resultados mostraram que, exceto o parâmetro Saneamento Ambiental, os demais apresentaram índices satisfatórios de sustentabilidade. O sítio estudado apresentou um bom índice de sustentabilidade, correspondente a 72,33%, podendo ser considerado um agroecossistema em fase adiantada da transição.
Agroecologia e produção orgânica na agricultura familiar no território extremo sul da Bahia
Authors: Sena Ana Odália Vieira , Santana Gean Paulo Gonçalves , Ferreira Maria Jucilene , Bogo Maria Nalva Rodrigues de Araújo
Published: July 2019

Sustentando os pressupostos da agroecologia, os pequenos produtores(as) organizados em suas associações e movimentos têm buscado outra matriz produtiva no cultivo de alimentos livres de agrotóxicos para uso da população. Este trabalho objetivou contribuir com o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais e com a oferta de alimentos saudáveis para consumo, visando desenvolvimento sustentável, qualidade de vida e ambiente da população da região do extremo sul da Bahia. Verificou-se a necessidade de estudos sobre práticas agroecológicas para o cultivo e produção de alimentos orgânicos, com vistas ao aprofundamento teórico-prático acerca de técnicas e formas de uso da terra, sob a perspectiva da agroecologia. Para tanto, Implantou-se uma feira permanente no Departamento de Educação Campus X (DEDC X), Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), buscando nos atores a compreensão do sistema orgânico de produção na base agroecológica, como possibilidade de integração entre capacidade produtiva, uso, conservação da biodiversidade e demais recursos naturais, como o equilíbrio ecológico, eficiência econômica e justiça social. Onde, foi possível também ampliar na universidade o debate sobre a temática do campo brasileiro, no tocante ao acesso à terra, agroecologia (como alternativa ao modelo do agronegócio), fortalecendo o conhecimento levando a discussão ao ensino, à pesquisa e à extensão.
OPTIMIZATION GEOLOGICAL STUDIES STAGES FINANCING IN DOMESTIC PRACTICE
Authors: Balega A. , Kurylo M.
Published: July 2019

The system of organization and financing of geological exploration works was investigated in separate stages. A comparison of the stages and their financial support in Ukraine and abroad has been carried out. In general, the stages correspond to the schemes recommended by the United Nations (UN) as international, but have their own specificity in terms of prospecting and general exploration. The objects, subjects and main sources of financing of works in accordance with the stages of the geological exploration works were defined.
The level of state and non-state expenditures in the development of mineral base of Ukraine is fixed by the National program of development of mineral base of Ukraine by 2030; it is 13.8 % and 86.2 % respectively.
The structure of public expenditures within the stages of the geological exploration works was investigated.
The National program of development of mineral base of Ukraine by 2030 does not directly reflect the financing of the of geological exploration works by stages. According to the results of the sample, which is reflected and systematized, it is determined that the state budget provides the work of all three stages from the geological study of the territory to the exploration works. Geological exploration works funded by state funds in Ukraine are executed exclusively by state enterprises.
Comparison of the financing indicators of the Program up to 2030 with the distribution of the main geological risks and general risks of mining business was conducted. At the first stage of the geological exploration works, high geological risks are accompanied by moderate mining risks and insignificant specific costs for obtaining geological information; public funding for these activities is concentrated at 9.91 % of the total funding. Stage II of the geological exploration works is accompanied by a higher than average indicator of geological risk, high risk of mining business and significant costs, with 65.71 % of government funding concentrated on these activities. The lowest geological risks and risks of mining business are inherent in Stage III of the geological exploration works, which is the most capital intensive, and whose financing is concentrated 16.7 % of state funding.
The geopolitical challenges have led to the need for clarification of the work in the National program of development of mineral base of Ukraine by 2030. There were: actualization of the objects of the geological exploration works, the exclusion from the state financing of the detail exploration (stage III of the geological exploration works) and the concentration of such funding in prospecting and general exploration (stage II of the geological exploration works) in order to identify investment-attractive objects for their further auctioning.
Diagnostic Conversation Aimed at Identifying the Psychological Conditions of a Child's Safe Living of the Crisis of Seven Years
Authors: Andrushchenko T.Y. , Shashlova G.M.
Published: July 2019

The article presents a description of the diagnostic conversation, which allows to identify some psychological conditions of a child's well-being of the age crisis of 6–7 years. The methodical procedure is relevant to psychodiagnostic tasks of the psychologist of the educational system. In the construction of the diagnostic conversation the authors proceeded from the theoretical positions of L. S. Vygotsky, D.B. Elkonin et al., considering the psychological content of the crisis age through the prism of its components, as the social situation of development, leading activities and age-related psychological tumors. The authors associate the successful living of the crisis of seven years with age-related psychological neoplasms in the sphere of the child's self-consciousness. The conversation is carried out using the elements of materialization that help the child, based on a schematic representation, to express attitude to the success of performing other types of activities presented in the plot pictures. Content analysis of lexical products obtained in a specially organized conversation with a child, allows to determine in 6–7-year-old children new qualitative characteristics of self-esteem (differentiation and validity), the ability to distinguish between I-real and I-ideal.
Problems of Assessing the Quality of Education Using Test Certification Procedures
Authors: Fokina A.V.
Published: July 2019

In the modern educational system testing has become one of the prevailing methods for assessing students' knowledge. The procedures for test certification of schoolchildren, especially the so-called “high-stakes tests,” which have a decisive influence on the trajectory of post-school education, are still debatable. In studies, the problem of misalignment of test indicators and the real educational level of the student is discussed, the presence of procedural and substantive shortcomings in the tests is stated. Article is devoted to the overview of the difficulties encountered by participants in the educational process in preparation for the exams. Such trends in final exams' critic as distrust to the exam procedure, procedural and content shortcomings, difficulties in preparing graduates for exams are discussed. It also describes the author's methodic of exam readiness diagnostic. It's based on the educational result’s esteem. The form of the methodic is given.
Justiça e Política: Considerações sobre a Autonomia do Judiciário e a Problemática do Aumento do Poder de Juízes na Itália, na França e no Brasil
Authors: Souza Amanda Alves , Dos Santos Thaís Lemos
Published: July 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir o processo de autonomização do judiciário na Itália, na França e no Brasil a fim de traçar considerações comparativas e compreender como este processo influi no aumento de poder dos juízes e sua relação com o campo político. Em face do contexto brasileiro, nos debruçaremos sobre a análise, de um ponto de vista sociológico, das condições que possibilitaram a diferenciação do campo jurídico e autonomia do judiciário. Analisaremos a diversificação na composição social da magistratura e a autonomia política frente ao executivo. Além disso, problematizaremos o fato de que a autonomia do judiciário foi desenvolvida em função mais da soberania em si do juiz singular do que em função de um sistema de justiça.
Smart cities and personal data: balancing innovation, technology and the law
Authors: Niebla Zatarain Jesús Manuel
Published: July 2019

Smarts cities are delivering new channels of communication between governments and its citizens. Through this, new and more efficient operational approaches have emerged, improving the quality of public services and even increasing transparency levels. Nonetheless, this digital platform gathers and processes considerable volumes of personal data, which presents a potential threat to their legal holders. Throughout an extensive research on legal literature, legislation and technological sources, this paper delivers the impact of this technological platform in three relevant regions Europe, North America and Latin America, from an interdisciplinary perspective. Finally, this works delivers the necessity to develop smartcities based on a method of collaboration that legal compliance through technical efficiency.
Bioprinting with human stem cell-laden alginate-gelatin bioink and bioactive glass for tissue engineering
Authors: C. R. Kolan Krishna , A. Semon Julie , Bromet Bradley , E. Day Delbert , C. Leu Ming
Published: July 2019

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies have shown great potential in the fabrication of 3D models for different human tissues. Stem cells are an attractive cell source in tissue engineering as they can be directed by material and environmental cues to differentiate into multiple cell types for tissue repair and regeneration. In this study, we investigate the viability of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in alginate-gelatin (Alg-Gel) hydrogel bioprinted with or without bioactive glass. Highly angiogenic borate bioactive glass (13-93B3) in 50 wt% is added to polycaprolactone (PCL) to fabricate scaffolds using a solvent-based extrusion 3D bioprinting technique. The fabricated scaffolds with 12 × 12 × 1 mm3 in overall dimensions are physically characterized, and the glass dissolution from PCL/glass composite over a period of 28 days is studied. Alg-Gel composite hydrogel is used as a bioink to suspend ASCs, and scaffolds are then bioprinted in different configurations: Bioink only, PCL+bioink, and PCL/glass+bioink, to investigate ASC viability. The results indicate the feasibility of the solvent-based bioprinting process to fabricate 3D cellularized scaffolds with more than 80% viability on day 0. The decrease in viability after 7 days due to glass concentration and static culture conditions is discussed. The feasibility of modifying Alg-Gel with 13-93B3 glass for bioprinting is also investigated, and the results are discussed.
New Zealand Consumer Interest Growing for 5G Mobile
Authors: JTDE Copyeditor , Pugh Nigel
Published: July 2019

This paper summarizes results from a survey of the New Zealand mobile market by Venture Insights in October 2018. The survey had over 1,000 respondents, all of whom were responsible for making their mobile purchasing decisions, with a representative spread across New Zealand, all adult age groups, and customers from the three major mobile service providers. The survey identified a strong consumer interest in and awareness of 5G, with 31% of respondents willing to consider a move to 5G within two years of launch. Mobile video will be a strong driver, with 69% of respondents having viewed video on their mobile and, again, a willingness to move to 5G within two years. Fixed wireless broadband service was also strongly supported, with 18% of those with a household fixed broadband service indicating a possible transition within two years to a 5G fixed wireless service. However, the Ultra-Fast Broadband fixed service is likely to be a strong competitor to fixed wireless broadband.
Creation and outcome of arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis: experience in a tertiary care hospital in Saurashtra, Gujarat
Authors: Pandya Mihir D. , Asher Archana D.
Published: July 2019

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease require arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis. The aim of our study was to share our experience of creating arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis and to analyze the factors affecting the outcome of arteriovenous fistulas.Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in Guru Gobind Singh Government Hospital, Jamnagar from August 2013 to July 2015. All patients with chronic kidney disease in whom arteriovenous fistula was created surgically for hemodialysis were included in this study.Results: Maximum patients (34%) were in the age group of 51-60 years. 76% of the patients were males and 24% were females. Co morbid conditions like diabetes mellitus, hypertension and ischemic heart disease were present in 20%, 26%, and 16% of patients respectively. Success rate of arteriovenous fistulas in patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension and ischemic heart disease was 30%, 69.2% and 25% respectively. Success rate of arteriovenous fistulas in patients without diabetes mellitus, hypertension and ischemic heart disease was 92.5%, 83.8% and 90.5% respectively. Early failure was present in 20% of the patients. Most common cause of early failure was thrombosis, which occurred in 8% of total patients. Other causes of early failure were wound infection, stenosis and aneurysm, which occurred in 6%, 4% and 2% patients respectively.Conclusions: Presence of diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease was associated with a higher risk of arteriovenous fistula failure. The success rate reported in our study was fairly acceptable.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis treated with filgrastim and dexamethasone
Authors: Choudhary Nishant , Sharma Nidhi , Sinha Sujata , Das Sudip
Published: July 2019

We report a case of 22 year female with toxic epidermal necrolysis while on carbamazepine. One hospital outside treated her with steroids but she didn’t show any improvement and rather worsened. The patient reported to us with fluctuating blood pressure and dyselectrolytemia. Patient also developed neutropenia (3,200/mm3) and sepsis. Patient was treated with filgrastim and dexamethasone. Filgrastim was added because of neutropenia and earlier case reports suggesting it aid in faster healing. Patient made a complete recovery. 
Avaliação da prevalência de agenesia de segundos pré-molares dos pacientes do curso de Odontologia do Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha
Authors: Sirianni Luiza Ourique , Acunha Gonçalves Ana Lurdes Conte
Published: July 2019

A dentadura mista, caracterizada pela substituição de dentes decíduos por permanentes, pode apresentar algumas falhas, denominadas anomalias dentárias de desenvolvimento. Estas apresentam graus de severidade distintas que variam desde o atraso cronológico na odontogênese, até a ausência completa do germe dentário, também denominados como agenesia dentária. Objetivos: Este trabalho tem a finalidade de avaliar a prevalência de agenesia de segundos pré-molares do complexo odontológico do Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha, bem como comparar os resultados obtidos com o da literatura mundial e verificar a diferença entre os sexos. Métodos: Esta pesquisa teve como base um estudo transversal, que visou analisar radiografias panorâmicas dos pacientes atendidos na FO-FSG nos anos de 2015 a 2017 com faixa etária entre 10 e 30 anos, com a finalidade de verificar a prevalência de agenesias dos segundos prés-molares. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 559 radiografias panorâmicas, selecionadas de um total de 3.460 prontuários cadastrados. Em relação a prevalência total, observa-se para o sexo masculino, os seguintes índices: dente 15 (2,2%), dente 25 (1,7%), dente 35 (0,4%) e dente 45 (0,7%). Para o sexo feminino, os índices foram: dente 15 (1,9%), dente 25 (1,3%), dente 35 (1,3%) e dente 45 (0,7%). Conclusão: O índice de prevalência de agenesia de segundos pré-molares dos pacientes da faculdade de odontologia do Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha foi relativamente baixo, levando em consideração o número de pacientes envolvidos, e também não apresentou uma diferença estatisticamente relevante entre sexo e idade.
Collagen vs expanded polytetrafluorethylene membranes during guided-bone regeneration simultaneous with implant placement – a systematic review
Authors: Barbosa Junior Sales Antônio , Maroli Angélica , Rocha Pereira Gabriel Kalil , Bacchi Atais
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática avaliou a influência do tipo de membrana (colágeno reabsorvível ou politetrafluoretileno expandido não reabsorvível; e-PTFE) na regeneração óssea guia associada à colocação do implante. Métodos: Qualquer tipo de estudo clínico ou revisão de literatura foi pesquisada nas bases de dados MEDLINE / PubMed e Cochrane. Dois revisores independentes examinaram títulos / resumos de artigos e o texto completo de estudos potencialmente elegíveis. Quando os dados estavam disponíveis, a meta-análise pareada foi realizada usando modelo estatístico aleatório. Resultados: Nove estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão, considerando 685 implantes em 360 pacientes. A regeneração óssea vertical não diferiu com o uso das duas membranas em 8 dos 9 estudos incluídos. Meta-análise não mostrou maior ganho ósseo vertical ou perda óssea vertical após a regeneração com qualquer uma das membranas. Os resultados mostraram uma tendência de maior ganho ósseo na regeneração óssea guiada horizontal com membranas de e-PTFE não reabsorvíveis (relatadas por 2 de 3 estudos). Todos os estudos mostraram claramente que ambas as membranas foram eficazes no aumento do volume ósseo. Não houve uma tendência clara de qualquer uma das duas membranas em causar mais complicações. Conclusão: o colágeno reabsorvível e as membranas não-reabsorvíveis de PTFE-e são igualmente eficazes na regeneração óssea guiada vertical; no entanto, a regeneração óssea guiada horizontal parece se beneficiar com o uso das membranas não reabsorvíveis. Ambas as membranas mostraram-se eficazes na regeneração óssea guiada e similares em relação às complicações.
DMFT Index Comparison in Indian and Iranian Students in Bangalore - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Yogesh T. L. , Mukunda Archana , Jain Vijay , Raghava Vijay , Mohammadzaman Hesam , Soleimani Furugh
Published: July 2019

Dental caries is the most prevalent disease of the oral cavity posing a greater threat to health throughout the world. It occurs in all age groups and in both genders. There is a recent raise in the occurrence of dental caries the prevalence of which is different worldwide. Owing to various factors immigrants may be at a higher risk of diseases including dental caries. Iranian students form a crux of educational system in Bangalore whose general health and oral health needs to be monitored. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using 250 Indian students and 250 Iranian students. A wellstructured questionnaire was distributed among 500 students. Results: The answers from the questionnaire were scored and entered into excel sheets and submitted for statistical analysis. The results obtained were presented as cumulative percentile and the DMFT index of Indian and Iranian students was analyzed using ANOVA test showed a p value of 0.05. Interpretation and Conclusion: DMFT index of Indian and Iranian students showed that more emphasis was given to restorative measures than preventive measures due to lack of knowledge.
Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma as a Gingival Growth: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Shah Jigna S. , Lunagriya Nutan
Published: July 2019

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant tumor of striated muscle composed of neoplastic mesenchymal cells with varying degrees of cell differentiation. It accounts 60% of all soft-tissue sarcomas in children and only 2-5% in adults. Typical pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma variants like embryonal and alveolar sub-types are less frequently occur in adults. It has predilection for viscera followed by the head and neck region. RMS occurs in the head and neck region with 35% and 10-12% in the oral cavity. Establishment of the correct diagnosis and histological sub-type is of very importance in the treatment of this disease, because of the rarity of this neoplasm in the adult population the treatment is not uniform in the literature. Here we present case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma as a gingival growth in a 26-year-old female with clinical, radiological, histo-pathological and immunohistochemical aspects.
Hydrogenation of plant oil over a palladium catalyst supported on activated diatomite
Authors: Toshtai K. , Auezov A. B.
Published: July 2019

A possibility of lowering the formation of trans-isomers during hydrogenation of plant oil over a low-loaded palladium catalyst supported on activated diatomite was studied. The comparison to the commercial nickel catalyst led to establish that the activated diatomite is a promising support of the catalyst for hydrogenation of plant oil. Palladium particles of 2–10 nm in size (3–6 nm particles predominated) were shown to be uniformly distributed over the support surface. It was shown experimentally that the Pd catalyst was more active and selective at low temperature than the nickel catalyst to provide two-fold decrease in the concentration of trans-isomers in the hydrogenated fat.
Methods for the synthesis of dichloroanhydrides of phthalic acids
Authors: Yushchenko D. Yu. , Zhizina Е. G. , Pai Z. P.
Published: July 2019

Dichloroanhydrides of isophthalic (isophthaloyl chloride) and terephthalic (terephthaloyl chloride) acids are, undoubtedly, strategically important compounds. Among their main application areas is synthesis of Aramid fibers to be used for manufacturing dual use materials including synthesis of Terlon®, Phenylon®, Armos®, Tegelen®, SVM®, and Rusar® fibers. Specific requirements for quality of the target anhydrides and feedstock determine the choice of the synthetic methods. In the review paper, various methods, including catalytic methods, for the synthesis of iso- and terephthaloyl chlorides based on the use of different types of feedstock are discussed. Main methods for analysis of these compounds are described in detail.
THE SERBIAN PEOPLE AND THE STATE TO THE TURKISH CONQUEST: THE EXPERIENCE OF HISTORICAL-LEGAL RESEARCH
Authors: Melnikov Victor Yu. , Tsechoyev Valery K. , Seregin Andrei V. , Cherkasova Marina A. , S. Stepanenko Alexey , V. Akhrameeva Olga
Published: July 2019

Purpose: The article analyzes the hypotheses about the Carpathian and Azov ancestral home of the Serbian tribes and the political role of the territory of ancient Raska in the formation of medieval Serbian statehood via comparative legal and historical methods.

Methodology: The methodological basis of this study is the dialectical method of cognition of social and legal phenomena and the concepts in their development and interdependence. Data was obtained from scientific, historical, and legal documents.

Main Findings: The drafters of the Law sought to overcome the disparity in court proceedings and bring legal norms into a certain system, taking into account the needs of feudalism. The author comes to the conclusion that the preservation of Serbian ethnic identity influenced the restoration of statehood in the XIX century due to the spiritually and economically self-governing zadruge.

Applications: This research can be used by historical organizations, educational organizations as well as by history scholars.

Novelty/Originality: Serbian people and Turkish conquest has been studied using historical-legal documents.
Special features and problems of rural society in Hungary
Authors: Krisztián Ritter
Published: July 2019

One of the basic pillar but also the indicator of rural security is the state of the social processes at a specified region. These are significantly related to the economic, environmental and developmental status of a given country, region, micro-region. Basically, the population of more developed areas shows more favorable demographic trends, while social problems are less or in some other form than in less developed, disadvantaged areas. In Europe and Hungary, the underprivileged, peripheral rural areas have to face aging, migration and economic, social and environmental problems as results. What is more, the occasionally favourable demographic trends can often be related to the slumificating of the disadvantaged population. Based on the general situation of rural areas, this article attempts to summarize the typical social situation and main problems of domestic rural areas, relying on the relevant literature, the strategic documents of the EU and Hungary, and secondary data.
TENDÊNCIAS DA PESQUISA EM FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES: entre o local e o universal
Authors: Romanowski Joana Paulin
Published: July 2019

Este artigo realiza um balanço das pesquisas em formação de professores realizadas no Brasil, de 1987 ao início desta década, com destaque para a região Sul. Focaliza os estudos do tipo “estado da arte” publicados, principalmente os relativos a teses e dissertações defendidas nos programas de pós-graduação, e inclui aspectos de pesquisas internacionais. A metodologia de estudo é do tipo “revisão sistemática”, com a finalidade de apontar as dimensões em torno das abordagens teórico-metodológicas, das temáticas privilegiadas, sua expansão e seus impactos.Palavras-chave: Pesquisa em formação de professores. Metodologia de pesquisa. Pesquisa em educação.TRENDS IN TEACHER TRAINING RESEARCH: between local and universalAbstractThis article presents a survey of the research on teacher education held in Brazil from 1987 to the beginning of this decade, especially in the South. It focuses on the study of the "state of the art" published, mainly regarding theses and dissertations in graduate programs, and includes aspects of international research. The study methodology is a "systematic review", in order to point out the dimensions around the theoretical and methodological approaches, the privileged themes, its expansion and its impact.Keywords: Research in teacher education. Research methodology. Research in education.TENDENCIAS DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN FORMACIÓN DE PROFESORES: entre lo local y lo universalResumenEste artículo realiza un balance de las encuestas en formación de profesores realizadas en Brasil, de 1987 al inicio de esta década, con destaque para la región Sur. Focaliza los estudios del tipo "estado del arte" publicados, principalmente los relativos a tesis y disertaciones defendidas programas de postgrado, e incluye aspectos de investigaciones internacionales. La metodología de estudio es del tipo "revisión sistemática", con la finalidad de apuntar las dimensiones en torno a los enfoques teórico-metodológicos, de las temáticas privilegiadas, su expansión y sus impactos.Palabras clave: Investigación en formación de profesores. Metodología de investigación. Investigación en educación.
Udział ewangelików augsburskich w kształtowaniu krajobrazu kulturowego Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego
Authors: Kruś Anna
Published: July 2019

Głównym celem autorki artykułu jest analiza udziału luteranów w kształtowaniu krajobrazu kulturowego Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego. Analizie poddano elementy dziedzictwa materialnego tej denominacji w przestrzeni miasta oraz jego znaczenie dla rozwoju turystyki w mieście. Niniejsze rozważania dotyczą obszaru Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego przede wszystkim ze względów historycznych – parafia luterańska, erygowana w tym mieście pod koniec XVIII w., należy do najstarszych parafii ewangelickich na terenie dzisiejszego województwa łódzkiego. Jest to także jeden z nielicznych w skali województwa ośrodków miejskich, który wykorzystuje obecność i dziedzictwo mniejszości religijnych do promowania swojej różnorodności i bogactwa kulturowego.
On the possibility to increase sensitivity of diagnostic tests for fixed pulmonary hypertension in heart transplant candidates
Authors: Bortsova M. A. , Bautin A. E. , Yakovlev A. S. , Fedotov P. A. , Sazonova Yu. V. , Marichev A. O. , Tashkhanov D. M. , Sukhova I. V. , Vizer R. V. , Moiseeva O. M. , Sitnikova M. Yu. , Gordeev M. L.
Published: July 2019

Background: Fixed pulmonary hypertension (PH) in heart transplant candidates is a risk factor for right ventricular failure in the postoperative period and early mortality. Patients with fixed PH are not included in the waiting list. Thus, the correct assessment of the pulmonary circulation before the operation affects both clinical management and prognosis. Aim: To reduce the risk of incorrect patient non-inclusion to the waiting list by reduction of false negative test results for PH reversibility.

Materials and methods: Fourteen heart transplant candidates were included in this retrospective cohort single center study. Fixed PH with pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) exceeding 3.5 Wood's units was found in all these patients using right heart catheterization and pulmonary vasoreactivity tests. Initially, these patients had not been put into the waiting list. Pulmonary catheterization was performed in the intensive care unit with a Swan-Ganz catheter and pre-pulmonary thermodilution technique. To perform pulmonary vasoreactivity tests, inhaled iloprost (n = 12) or nitric oxide (n = 2) were used. Subsequently all patients received levosimendan infusion at a dose of 12.5 (0.05–0.2) mg/kg/min, with repeated pulmonary artery catheterization and pulmonary vasoreactivity tests at 72 hours after the infusion. Pulmonary vasoreactivity tests results allowed 13 patients to be included into the waiting list. Heart transplantation was performed in 8 recipients, with postoperative assessment of their hemodynamic and clinical parameters. Data are presented as median [25th percentile; 75th percentile].

Results: After the levosimendan infusion, there was a decrease in the pulmonary artery mean pressure from 45 [36; 47] to 29.5 [23; 37] mm Hg (p < 0.01), and in PVR from 6.9 [4.9; 8.9] to 3.6 [2.9; 5.9] Wood's units (p <0.01). In 7 patients, PVR decreased to less than 3.5 Wood's units: the rest of the patients underwent pulmonary vasoreactivity tests. As a result, 13 of 14 patients showed reversible PH and were included into the waiting list. By the date of the manuscript submission, heart transplantation has been performed in 8 patients. Their PVR 6 hours after surgery was 2.2 [2; 3.1] Wood's units; there were no cases of fixed PH and right heart failure. There was a single death associated to a hemorrhagic stroke at day 6 after heart transplantation. The sensitivity of pre-operative pulmonary vasoreactivity tests with the use of levosimendan was 87.5%.

Conclusion: Levosimendan infusion may increase the sensitivity of the pulmonary vasoreactivity tests before patients' inclusion into the waiting list for heart transplantation.
Tissue-Engineered Anterior Segment Eye Cultures Display an Intraocular Pressure Homeostatic Response
Authors: Waxman Susannah , Wang Chao , Dang Yalong , Loewen Ralitsa , Loewen Nils A.
Published: July 2019

Glaucoma is a blinding disease largely caused by increased resistance to drainage of fluid from the eye's anterior chamber, resulting in elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). A major site of fluid outflow regulation and pathology is the trabecular meshwork (TM), an extracellular matrix (ECM)-rich tissue at the entrance of the eye's drainage system. We aimed to characterize the structural and functional properties of a newly developed tissue-engineered (TE) anterior segment eye culture model. We hypothesized that repopulation of decellularized TM ECM with non-native TM cells could restore intraocular pressure (IOP) homeostatic ability. Decellularized porcine anterior segment scaffolds demonstrated complete removal of cells, significant reduction of DNA content, and well-preserved ECM ultrastructure. Seeded cells localized to the TM region (p < 0.001) and progressively infiltrated meshwork ECM. Cells reached a distribution comparable to control TM after four days of perfusion culture. After perfusion rate increase challenge, TE cultures maintained healthy IOPs through regulation of outflow resistance (reseeded = 16.53 ± 0.89, decellularized = 35.23 ± 2.20 mmHg, p < 0.0001). In conclusion, we describe a readily available, storable, and biocompatible scaffold for anterior segment perfusion culture of non-native cells. TE organs demonstrated physiological similarities to native tissues and may reduce the need for scarce donor globes in outflow research.
Discrete Two Dimensional Fourier Transform in Polar Coordinates Part I: Theory and Operational Rules
Authors: Baddour Natalie
Published: July 2019

The theory of the continuous two-dimensional (2D) Fourier Transform in polar coordinates has been recently developed but no discrete counterpart exists to date. In this paper, we propose and evaluate the theory of the 2D discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) in polar coordinates. This discrete theory is shown to arise from discretization schemes that have been previously employed with the 1D DFT and the discrete Hankel Transform (DHT). The proposed transform possesses orthogonality properties, which leads to invertibility of the transform. In the first part of this two-part paper, the theory of the actual manipulated quantities is shown, including the standard set of shift, modulation, multiplication, and convolution rules. Parseval and modified Parseval relationships are shown, depending on which choice of kernel is used. Similar to its continuous counterpart, the 2D DFT in polar coordinates is shown to consist of a 1D DFT, DHT and 1D inverse DFT.
Adjuvant Effect of Molecular Iodine in Conventional Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Moreno-Vega Aura , Vega-Riveroll Laura , Ayala Tonatiuh , Peralta Guillermo , Torres-Martel Jose Miguel , Rojas Joel , Mondragon Perla , Dominguez Adriana , De Obaldia Rodrigo , Avecilla-Guerrero Carlos , Anguiano Brenda , Delgado-Gonzalez Evangelina , Zambrano-Estrada Xochitl , Cuenca-Mico Olga , De La Puente Olivia , Varela-Echavarria Alfredo , Aceves Carmen
Published: July 2019

This study analyzes oral supplement of molecular iodine (I2) alone and in combination with the neoadjuvant therapy 5-fluorouracil/epirubicin/cyclophosphamide or taxotere/epirubicin (FEC/TE) in women with Early (stage II) and Advanced (stage III) breast cancer. In the Early group, 30 women were treated with I2 (5 mg/day) or placebo (colored water) for 7–35 days before surgery. For the Advanced group, 30 patients received I2 or placebo along with FEC/TE treatment. After surgery, all patients received FEC/TE + I2 for 170 days. I2 supplementation showed a significant attenuation of the side effects and absence of tumor chemoresistance. Control, I2, FEC/TE, and FEC/TE+I2 groups exhibit response rate of 0, 33%, 73%, and 100%, respectively, and a pathologic complete response of 18%, and 36% in the last two groups. Five-year disease-free survival rate was significantly higher in patients with I2 supplement before and after surgery compared to those receiving the supplement only after surgery (82% vs. 46%). I2-treated tumors exhibit less invasive potential, and significant increases in apoptosis, estrogen receptor expression, and immune cell infiltration. Transcriptomic analysis indicated activation of the antitumoral immune response. The results led us to register a phase III clinical trial analyzing chemotherapy + I2 treatment for advanced breast cancer.
Transfer of Fungal Endophytes from Leaves to Woody Substrates
Authors: Nelson Aaron , Vandegrift Roo , Carroll George C. , Roy BItty A.
Published: July 2019

Fungal endophytes have been found in all plants surveyed to date, yet for many fungi the function of endophytism is still unknown. The Foraging Ascomycete Hypothesis (FAH) proposes that saprotrophic fungi utilize an endophytic stage in leaves to modify dispersal. Under this hypothesis, leaves can provide food and water during time of environmental scarcity and they can transport the fungi to other substrates upon dehiscence. If the FAH is accurate, then some endophytes should have the ability to colonize saprobic substrates directly from a leaf-endophyte stage, though this has been little studied. To assess this ability, twelve surface-sterilized leaves of a tropical tree (Nectandra lineatifolia Mez) were placed directly on wood and incubated for six weeks. Fungi from the wood were subsequently cultured and identified by ITS sequences or morphology. 477 fungal isolates comprising 26 OTUs were cultured from the wood, the majority of which belong to saprotrophic genera (70.8% of OTUs, 82.3% of isolates). The mean OTU richness per leaf was 5.67. The term viaphyte (literally, “by way of plant”) is introduced and defined as fungi that colonize living leaves as endophytes and use the leaves to transfer to another substrate, such as wood, when the leaves dehisce. These results strengthen the Foraging Ascomycete Hypothesis and expose the possibility that viaphytism plays a significant role in the dispersal of fungal saprotrophs.