bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beitrag zum Vorkommen und Ausbreitung des Trauer-Rosenkäfers Oxythyrea funesta (Poda, 1761) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) in Deutschland:
Authors: Hoffmann Hannes , Boetzl Fabian A. , Medger Gernot , Rolke Daniel , Benisch Christoph
Published: October 2021

Der auffällig gezeichnete Trauerrosenkäfer Oxythyrea funesta konnte sich in den letzten 30 Jahren in Mitteleuropa rasant ausbreiten und eignet sich auch deshalb als Modell für Citizen-Science-Projekte. Bei „kerbtier.de“ wurde 2019 ein Kartierungsprojekt gestartet, um die Art durch Fotos der Nutzer gezielt zu melden und die Ausbreitung in Deutschland besser zu dokumentieren. Es wurden insgesamt 1.345 Anfragen von 309 Nutzern ausgewertet. Unsere Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass Oxythyrea funesta mittlerweile aus allen Regionen Deutschlands nachgewiesen ist und in der südlichen Hälfte Deutschlands eine weit verbreitete und häufige Art ist. In Norddeutschland liegt ihr aktueller Verbreitungsschwerpunkt in und um die Städte Hannover, Bremen und Hamburg. Generell scheint die Art vom Klimawandel zu profitieren, sowie durch das Vorhandensein von ausreichend Blütenpflanzen und Komposthaufen in urbanen Gebieten, wo die Art überwiegend dokumentiert wurde. Die Eignung von Citizen-Science-Projekten in der Biodiversitätsforschung wird diskutiert.
EVALUATION OF PRACTICES OF PRESCRIBING PARACLINICAL EXAMINATIONS IN ASA I PATIENTS ON AN OUTPATIENTS BASIS
Authors:   Departement Anesthesie Reanimation , Bloc De Chirurgie Ambulatoire Hopital Ibn Tofail Marrakech., Tajellijiti N. , Boukoub N. ,   Departement Anesthesie Reanimation , Bloc De Chirurgie Ambulatoire Hopital Ibn Tofail Marrakech., Daoudi B. ,   Chirurgie Generale Hopital Ibn Tofail CHU Marrakech., Elouardi Y. ,   Departement Anesthesie Reanimation , Bloc De Chirurgie Ambulatoire Hopital Ibn Tofail Marrakech., Khallouki M. ,   Departement Anesthesie Reanimation , Bloc De Chirurgie Ambulatoire Hopital Ibn Tofail Marrakech.
Published: October 2021

Introduction :Lanesthesie doit etre mener avec un maximum de securite, de nombreuses etudes preconisent la rationalisation de la prescription des bilans preoperatoires afin de ne pas multiplier les examens inutiles.Lobjectif de letude etait devaluer la prescription des examens paracliniques chez les patients programmes pour la chirurgie ambulatoire. Materiel Et Methode :Il sagissait dune etude prospective pendant une periode de 3 mois de Mai 2019 Ã Aout 2019 au bloc ambulatoire de lhopital ibn tofail de Marrakech. Notre serie etait de 126 cas, les specialites requises etaient la chirurgie ORL, traumatologie, cardiovasculaire, ophtalmologie et viscerale. A partir de la fiche dexploitation plusieurs paramÃ¨tres ont ete analyses : Age, sexe, classification ASA, type dacte chirurgical, donnees de la CPA, conditions de lanesthesie et la surveillance post-operatoire. Resultats :Tous les patients inclus dans letude etaient ASA I (American score of anesthesia) avec une moyenne dage de 37 ans et ayant tous beneficies dune consultation preanesthesique. La prescription de la NFS/PLQT et TP/TCK etaient faite chez 100% des patients. 5% des examens paracliniques rapportaient une anomalie, dont aucune na conduit au report de lintervention. Conclusion : La consultation pre anesthesique reste le moment privilegie de la relation anesthesiste- malade. Son mot dordre est detablir une hierarchisation des examens complementaires et de reduire leur prescription abusive.
THE NEUROPATHIES COMPLICATING PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS: TWO CASES STUDIES
Authors:   Departement de Traumatologie Orthopedie, Hopital Militaire de Laayoune, Maroc., Elabdi Monsef , Elwali Abderahmane ,   Departement d Anesthesie et Reanimation, Hopital Militaire de Laayoune, Maroc.
Published: October 2021

Peripheral nerve blocks have become a gold standard for anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in limb and girdle surgeries due to the feeling of security, the simplicity of locoregional anesthesia, the absence of certain adverse effects when general anesthesia and especially in the quality of postoperative analgesia. However, locoregional anesthesia has a certain risk.We present two case reports of peripheral neuropathy after locoregional anesthesia involving the lumbar plexus and median nerve.We discuss through literature review, pathophysiology mechanisms, risk factors, management and prognosis of nerve injury during locoregional anesthesia.
LYMPHANGIOMES KYSTIQUES ABDOMINALES A PROPOS DE 2 CAS AU CENTRE HOSPITALIER REGIONAL AMISSA BONGO DE FRANCEVILLE (CHRABF)GABON
Authors:   Service De Chirurgie Generale. Centre Hospitalier Regional Amissa Bongo de Franceville, Universite Des Sciences De La Sante., Offobo S. Ngakani , J.P Owono ,   Service De Chirurgie Generale. Centre Hospitalier Regional Amissa Bongo de Franceville, Universite Des Sciences De La Sante., Kadidiatou F. Diallo ,   Diallo Kadidiatou F, chirurgie, universite des sciences de la sante Socaras P centre hospitalier universitaire de Havan Cuba., Poduermo Socaras ,   Owono JP, Service De Chirurgie Generale Hopital Des Instructions Des Armees Omar Bongo Odimba., Offobo Silvere Ngakani ,   Service De Chirurgie Generale. Centre Hospitalier Regional Amissa Bongo de Franceville, Universite Des Sciences De La Sante.
Published: October 2021

Le lymphangiome kystique du mesentere est dorigine malformative, se revelant en bas age. Cest une affection benigne apparaissant en majorite au niveau cervico axillaire.Dautres localisations sont possibles telles que le mesentere, lepiploon, le retro peritoine. De nombreuses complications peuvent survenir au cours de levolution du lymphangiome kystique, liees a sa localisation et a son volume. Le diagnostic precoce est necessaire afin deviter la survenue dune complication abdominale (ischemie mesenterique, volvulus, souffrance intestinales etcâ€¦). Limagerie peut suspecter mais la confiramation est histologique. Le traitement est chirurgical pour eviter des complications. Nous rapportons a travers deux observations des patients operes de lymphangiomes kystiques intra abdominaux dans notre service du CHRABF.
ELEPHANTIASIS PENI SCROTAL, TECHNIQUE DE GREEF A PROPOS DE DEUX CAS AU CENTRE HOSPITALIER REGIONAL AMISSA BONGO DE FRANCEVILLE ET REVUE DE LA LITTERATURE
Authors:   Service De Chirurgie Generale. Centre Hospitalier Regional Amissa Bongo de Franceville, Universite Des Sciences De La Sante Gabon., Offobo S. Owono J.P Ngakani , Kadidiatou F. Diallo ,   Owono JP, Service De Chirurgie Generale HÃ´pital Des Instructions Des Armees Omar Bongo Odimba., Poduermo Socaras ,   Owono JP, Service De Chirurgie Generale HÃ´pital Des Instructions Des Armees Omar Bongo Odimba., Ondo Ndong JF Ngakani Offobo Silvere Aseke ,   Service De Chirurgie Generale. Centre Hospitalier Regional Amissa Bongo de Franceville, Universite Des Sciences De La Sante Gabon.
Published: October 2021

Lelephantiasis peno-scrotal ou lymphoedeme peno scrotal est une pathologie frequente dans les zones dendemie filarienne. En dehors de ce contexte epidemiologique, cette pathologie est rare detiologies differentes, souvent idiopathique. La gÃªne fonctionnelle et laspect inesthetique qui en resultent imposent un traitement chirurgical lourd mais avec des resultats fonctionnels satisfaisants. Nous rapportons deux cas delephantiasis peno scrotale a travers une revue de la litterature, traites par une resection large des tissus atteints selon la technique de GREFF.
Perov multivalued contraction pair in rectangular cone metric spaces
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Abbas Mujahid , Rakočević Vladimir ,   Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, Noor Zahra ,   Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Mathematics, University of Nis
Published: October 2021

Perov studied the Banach contraction principle in the framework of a generalized metric space and presented Perov contraction condition where the contractive constant is replaced by a matrix with nonnegative entries and spectral radius less than 1. Azam et al. presented the notion of rectangular cone metric space following the idea of Branciari, Huang and Zhang by replacing the triangular inequality in the cone metric space by rectangular inequality. Motivated by the work of Abbas and Vetro and Radenovi´c, the purpose of this paper is to introduce a new class of Perov type multivalued mappings and present a common fixed point result for such mappings on a complete rectangular cone metric space. Furthermore, an example is also presented to demonstrate the validity of our results. Our results extend, unify and generalize various comparable results in the existing literature.
Figures of Pluto and Charon and their relative motion
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kholshevnikov Konstantin V. , Mikryukov Denis V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Jazmati Mohammad S. ,   Qassim University
Published: October 2021

The comparative effect of two factors on the translatory motion of the centres of mass of the Pluto-Charon system is investigated. The first important factor is the non-sphericity of the shape and gravitational field of the bodies in the system. The second is the gravitation of the Sun. As a measure of the influence of both factors we use the ratio of the corresponding perturbing acceleration to the main one. The main acceleration is caused by the mutual Newtonian attraction of Pluto and Charon. It has been established that for the first factor this measure is of the order of 10^−6, while for the second factor it is two orders of magnitude smaller. This explains why the Lidov-Kozai effect (despite a large mutual slope of 96 between the planes of the satellite’s orbit around the planet, and the barycentre of the system around the Sun) does not appear. The situation is similar to the case with the satellites of Uranus. As a result, the Pluto-Charon system remains stable at least on a timescale of millions of years. The tidal effect of the Sun on the surface shape of the bodies under study is also estimated. The ratio of the tidal potential of the Sun at a point on the surface of the body to the gravitational potential of the body itself at this point is taken as a measure of impact. It turned out to be of the order of 3 · 10^−12, which is more than six orders less than the influence of rotation and mutual attraction of Pluto and Charon. In fact, the Sun does not affect the figures of the bodies of the system.
Strategic consulting and capacity building in US humanitarian policy
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Velikaya Anna A.
Published: October 2021

Strategic advising and capacity building are closely interconnected, as they involve the deployment to foreign countries of American advisers who will act by strengthening democratization, attracting military and police contingents, civil administrators, providing humanitarian assistance, economic stabilization and infrastructure development. All of these instruments are aimed at strengthening American influence everywhere and are used by Washington through the activities of American advisers dealing working in developing and post-conflict countries. The practice of the U.S. strategic advising and capacity building exists since the 1940s, during the Cold war it was aimed at confrontation with the socialist system. The role of advisers in advancing interests is enormous and ubiquitous: from Ukraine to Syria, from Somalia to Haiti. It is closely related to other instruments of American humanitarian policy: public diplomacy, educational exchanges, development assistance. The transplant of US civil society concepts to foreign countries is doubtful, but meets American goals. The author evaluates US system of strategic advising and capacity building analysing activities of federal ministries and agencies. The hypothesis of the article that Washington would use these instrumwnts more broadly, and theyvwould be oriented more explicitly towards national defence interests. The article includes SWOT analysis of the US system of strategic advising and capacity building.
American presidents in polarized D.C.: From Barack Obama to Joe Biden
Authors:   Institute of World Economy and International Relations named after E. M. Primakov of Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhuravleva Victoria Yu.
Published: October 2021

In 1960 one of the leading researchers of the American Presidency, professor and an adviser to a number of US presidents Richard Neustadt formulated the iconic formula where presidential power needed to cooperate with the Congress — persuade, negotiate and compromise. But since political reality has changed so deeply, today only a God gifted negotiator is able to fulfill its power in polarized Washington, D.C. A modern day president should be a legislator and a showman rolled into one to succeed in his mission. According to the Constitution, the American legislative process is based on the consensus between all participants, while both the President and the Congress have the power of legislative initiative. It is the president who is responsible for gaining this consensus between all the initiators. In time of political polarization parties which traditionally had been the facilitators of this way to compromise became the main obstacles. From the presidential ticket to the Congress, they turned out to be the main headache of the president. Joe Biden came to White House with a reputation of being a skilled compromiser. But while it has been his advantage with the electorate, the left wing of his party strongly opposes his centrist ideology. Donald Trump named himself a brilliant deal maker, but his business experience of making deals appeared to be irrelevant in polarized D.C. Why has it turned out to be so hard to bring a consensus to today’s political process? Will Biden be able to change this trend and reunite the Nation as he promised during his inauguration?
US security provision under Joe Biden: A preliminary reconstruction of national strategy
Authors:   Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of Peoples of Far East, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Boldyrev Vitalii E.
Published: October 2021

The article proposes a new understanding of the phenomenon of security as the desire of the state to achieve the most favourable trajectory of development under existing constraints. The concept of a favourable trajectory depends on objective factors and its subjective interpretations that are fixed in strategies and programs. In order to make these interpretations systematic and form a holistic model consisting of them, a new algorithm for strategical and program documents has been developed. According to the algorithm, every priority should be marked by code (or its combination) which corresponds to one of the subsystems of the global system and its component to create a database. The analysis of the database makes it possible to isolate problems whose relevance was artificially overestimated prior to elections, to forecast the directions of sequestration of their priorities, to determine the degree of continuity, to rank areas of the policy, to identify probable interconnections among them and to predict the foundations of a promising strategy. In regard to Biden’s program, the algorithm made it possible to achieve the following results. It was revealed that the program is more a succession to Trump’s strategy than innovative. The priority of the economic, social and financial spheres was artificially overestimated and the degree of their importance will be reduced after Biden’s inauguration. Economic, energy and legal spheres will be the cornerstones of Biden’s future strategy. Cyber, raw materials and technological subsystems will be assigned the role of drivers of development. Their successful functioning will be dependent on the dynamics of the military and agricultural sectors. In turn, demographic, trade, financial and credit, civil, humanitarian and cultural subsystems will acquire a more subordinate position and their role will be determined by the solution of specific issues. At the same time, it is difficult to determine the concrete positions and roles of future social and ecological policies because they had been overdeveloped or unclearly prioritized in the electoral program.
Rainfall spatial variability in the application of Catchment Morphing for ungauged catchments
Authors: Zhang Jun , Han Dawei , Dai Qiang
Published: October 2021

Catchment Morphing (CM) is a newly proposed approach to apply fully distributed models for ungauged catchments and has been trialled in several catchments in the UK. As one of the most important input datasets for hydrological models, rainfall spatial variability is influential on the stream variabilities and simulation performance. A homogenous rainfall was utilized in the previous experiments with Catchment Morphing. This study applied a spatially distributed rainfall from CEH-GEAR rainfall dataset in the morphed catchment for ungauged catchments as the follow-on study. Three catchments in the UK were used for rainfall spatial analysis and CEH-GEAR rainfall data were adopted for additional spatial analysis. The results demonstrate the influence of rainfall spatial information to the model performance with CM and illustrate the ability of morphed catchment to deal with spatially varied information. More spatially distributed information is expected to be introduced for a wider application of CM.
Política linguística nacional na escola Yanomami
Authors: Simas Hellen Cristina Picanço , Pereira Regina Celi Mendes
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo discutimos sobre os principais fatores que caracterizam a implementação da Política Linguística Nacional relacionada ao desenvolvimento do ensino de línguas nas escolas indígenas. Para tanto, utilizamos dados advindos de observações realizadas na Escola Estadual Indígena Imaculada Conceição, localizada na comunidade yanomami da região de Maturacá, no município de são Gabriel da Cachoeira, estado do Amazonas. O marco teórico que guiou a investigação e análise dos dados pautou-se em discussões sobre as políticas linguísticas nacionais para o ensino de línguas indígenas e as reflexões que as problematizam e analisam, evidenciadas no Referencial Curricular Nacional para as Escolas Indígenas (1998) e nos trabalhos de Cavalcante & Maher (2005); D’Angelis (2005), Monte (1994) e também nas contribuições sobre política linguística de Calvet (2007), Haugen (1966) e Heinz Kloss (1967). Os resultados apontam que são cinco os fatores que dificultam a implantação da Política Linguística Nacional: o desconhecimento da realidade sociolinguística da comunidade ou, ou, ainda que esta seja reconhecida, não é levada em consideração durante a elaboração de projetos voltados para o ensino de línguas; letramento em comunidade ágrafa; supervalorização do ensinoaprendizagem da escrita em língua portuguesa e em língua yanomami; alfabetização sendo feita primeiramente em língua portuguesa e falta de material escrito em língua yanomami.
Classes fonológicas e ortografia infantil
Authors: Chacon Lourenço , Paschoal Larissa , Vaz Suellen , Pezarini Isabela de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

A proposta mais geral do presente trabalho é verificar em que medida aspectos das diferentes classes fonológicas estão relacionados a pontos de maior facilidade ou dificuldade na ortografia infantil. Para verificar os efeitos dessa relação, o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi orientado pelos seguintes objetivos: (1) descrever o desempenho ortográfico de crianças quanto ao registro de consoantes do Português Brasileiro; (2) verificar se o acento influencia a ocorrência de erros no interior das palavras; e (3) caracterizar o padrão da distribuição dos erros. Os dados foram extraídos de 866 textos de 76 crianças que, em 2001 e 2002, frequentavam a primeira e a segunda série do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública de um município do interior paulista. Todos os grafemas que remetiam às classes das consoantes oclusivas, fricativas e soantes, situados no ataque silábico simples, foram classificados em acertos e erros. Em seguida, os erros foram organizados conforme ocorressem em sílabas acentuadas, ou não. Posteriormente, foram distribuídos em categorias que os organizavam conforme correspondessem a omissões, substituições ortográficas não-fonológicas, substituições ortográficas fonológicas e híbridos. Como resultados, verificou-se que: (a) os acertos predominaram sobre os erros; (b) a quantidade de erros, bem como seus diferentes tipos, variaram em função da classe fonológica a que remetiam; e (c) os erros não sofreram influência direta do acento. Esses resultados apontam para uma alta estabilidade na aquisição da escrita – portanto, para o sucesso de práticas de letramento que favorecem a alfabetização. Apontam, também, para relações não-simétricas entre características das classes fonológicas e a ortografia das diferentes classes – não-simetria que chama a atenção para os diferentes estatutos que tanto erros quanto acertos podem adquirir na aquisição da ortografia.
Tradições discursivas dos exempla: da idade média aos folhetos de cordel
Authors: Mello Beliza Áurea de Arruda
Published: October 2021

O objetivo do artigo é discutir as narrativas dos exempla e sua tradição discursiva, pontuando o seu caráter pragmático na poética medieval e sua recepção e tradição na poética popular de folhetos de cordel a partir das performances.
De maya à matrix: clarice lispector para a juventude
Authors: Ferreira Ermelinda Maria Araujo
Published: October 2021

Esse artigo pretende discutir como a obra de Clarice Lispector aproxima-se do gênero ficção científica que tanto apreço goza entre o público juvenil na atualidade. O caráter imaginativo e especulativo das histórias dessa autora, comumente interpretado como místico ou metafísico, apresenta elementos do repertório do gênero de massa, incorporados parodisticamente aos seus enredos, mas voltados para o despertar da consciência crítica do leitor. Utilizando bibliografiaespecífica sobre o fantástico, o texto propõe um olhar diferente sobre suas narrativas. As conclusões são surpreendentes, revelando uma Clarice menos hermética e mais contemporânea, cujas leituras védicas encontram tradução nas abordagens recentes desses conceitos pela literatura e pelo cinema, o que pode despertar no jovem o interesse pelo conhecimento da obra desta importante autora da literatura brasileira.
Aspectos controvertidos da morfologia: uma análise normativo-descritiva da classificação de vogais temáticas e desinências de gênero
Authors: Schinaider Jessica Maurício , Da Silva Dayane Araujo
Published: October 2021

Partindo de uma das principais querelas dos estudos mórficos, isto é, a polêmica classificação das vogais temáticas e das desinências de gênero, o presente estudo propõe apresentar uma análise normativo-descritiva desse controvertido aspecto da Língua Portuguesa, dialogando com grandes estudiosos dos estudos linguísticos e teóricos normativos e descritivos, como Mattoso Câmara, José Carlos de Azeredo, Evanildo Bechara e Celso Cunha. Para tanto, ratificar-se-á a possibilidade da coexistência desses dois elementos mórficos em uma mesma palavra, por meio da desmitificação da relação de exclusividade entre as palavras terminadas em –a e o gênero feminino e as palavras terminadas em –o é o gênero masculino, tão arraigadas à “gramática interna” dos falantes da Língua Portuguesa.
O epple como instrumento de avaliação de proficiencia para professores de língua estrangeira: um processo de validação
Authors: Anchieta Priscila Petian
Published: October 2021

Este artigo traz como foco de investigação a avaliação de proficiência de professores de língua estrangeira (LE) realizada por meio de testes de proficiência. O objetivo do trabalho é o de descrever e aprimorar o teste escrito do EPPLE (Exame de Proficiência para Professores de Língua Estrangeira), por meio da verificação de aspectos que englobam a validade interna do instrumento. Para isso, dividimos este trabalho em dois momentos. No primeiro momento são abordados assuntos referentes à avaliação de proficiência realizada por meio de testes e, no segundo momento, apresentamos os três grandes pilares que fazem parte da validação de instrumentos de avaliação: a praticidade, a validade e a confiabilidade.
No Espelho da Poesia
Authors: Ferreira Ermelinda Maria Araújo
Published: October 2021

Neste ensaio buscamos fazer uma aproximação preliminar e pouco comum das poéticas de Fernando Pessoa e Guimarães Rosa, a partir da análise de sua produção nos textos das “Ficções do Interlúdio”, do português, e das “Coisas de Poesia”, do brasileiro, considerando questões como o espaço literário, a desleitura da tradição canônica e a despersonalização do artista moderno.Palavras-chave: Heteronímia pessoana; Poetas anagramáticos de Guimarães Rosa; Tradição literária; Desleitura.
A canção “vozes da seca” de Luiz Gonzaga: vozes de protesto sob uma perspectiva da análise do discurso
Authors: De Sousa Sandro Luis
Published: October 2021

RESUMO: O trabalho propõe estudar a canção Vozes da Seca dos autores nordestinos, Luiz Gonzaga e Zedantas, tendo como pressupostos teóricos norteadores a Análise de Discurso (AD) de linha francesa. Para tanto, faz um breve percurso sobre alguns conceitos básicos dessa disciplina, bem como sobre a caracterização do sujeito-intérprete da referida canção e das condições de produção do ambiente sócio-histórico onde a mesma foi concebida. Pretende-se demonstrar que a materialidade linguística objeto de estudo apresenta, de forma incomum, características de contraponto ao disseminado estereótipo de sujeito nordestino pobre, pedinte de esmola, ignorante, conformado, alienado político e eterno dependente dos favores dos povos “do sul”. Neste artigo, a análise não tem como propósito metodológico precípuo a organização linguística do texto, mas compreender como este é tecido, criando nós, laços e relações entre a língua e aspectos sócio-históricos que imprimem ao discurso características próprias de dizeres expressos e implícitos na canção ora analisada.Palavras-chave: Análise do Discurso. Luiz Gonzaga. Aspectos sócio-históricos.
As múltiplas faces do coordenador-pedagógico em institutos privados de idiomas
Authors: Redondo Diego Moreno , Sandrin Adriana Sertóri
Published: October 2021

É comum encontrar em institutos privados de idiomas profissionais que atuam como coordenador pedagógico, mas não possuem formação adequada para exercerem tal função. O presente trabalho busca analisar o perfil de cinco coordenadores pedagógicos em seus respectivos institutos de idiomas. Para isso, esta pesquisa realizou um estudo de caso coletivo,aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da PUC-SP. Os resultados revelaram que esses profissionais realizam funções que não lhes competem, o que acaba comprometendo o que realmente faz parte do crivo de atividades realizadas pela coordenação de um instituto de ensino. Esta pesquisa apoia-se em autores que tratam do assunto em pauta, tais como Celani, Paiva, Pimenta e Lima, Placco e Almeida, dentre outros.
Estilhaços de língua: variação e apartheid sociolinguístico no português brasileiro
Authors: Figueiredo Neto Raulino Batista
Published: October 2021

No presente artigo pretendemos tratar de questões caras às discussões sociolinguísticas empreendidas no Brasil, aí incluindo-se os preconceitos materializados nos julgamentos em torno das variedades linguísticas do português no Brasil. Dentro desta perspectiva, portanto, nos propomos discutir norma padrão, variação linguística e linguicismo como os eixos constitutivos da segregação social, cultural e linguística. Além disso, trataremos das questões atinentes ao pluricentrismo da língua portuguesa e na consequente heteroglossia. Em igual medida serão analisadas as condições em torno das quais a escolha de uma norma padrão determina a entronização da noção monoglóssica de língua, isto é, da determinação de uma variante standard em detrimento de quaisquer possibilidades de uso linguístico.
Os Gêneros Discursivos e o Ensino/Aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa no Ensino Médio
Authors: Lima Sandra Mara Moraes
Published: October 2021

O trabalho se propõe a discutir o conceito de gênero discursivo veiculado pelo Círculo bakhtiniano, considerando o ensino/aprendizagem de língua materna na educação básica. Toma como pressuposto a teoria de que os gêneros discursivos constituem categorias primordiais para a interação discursiva, uma vez que os gêneros nos são dados como nos é dada a língua materna e que são introduzidos em nossa experiência e em nossa consciência conjuntamente sem que sua estreita correlação seja rompida. A proposta, nesse momento, também, faz uma breve análise dos manuais didáticos do Ensino Médio da rede estadual do estado do Espírito Santo, adotados no triênio de 2012 a 2014, com o objetivo de demonstrar como conceito de gênero discursivo é abordado e aplicado no ensino/aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa no Ensino Médio nos referidos manuais.
Motivações semântico-cognitivas e interacionais na codificação do modificador nominal
Authors: Da Silva Lígia Maria
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho investiga a relação entre Nome (N) e modificador (Mod) no interior do Sintagma Nominal (SN). Objetiva analisar as formas de codificação do modificador nominal com base em aspectos semânticos, cognitivos e comunicativos. O aporte teórico é a Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso (FURTADO DA CUNHA; BISPO; SILVA, 2013), segundo a qual as formas da língua possuem estreita ligação com as funções a que elas servem em contexto efetivo de interação verbal. O corpus é formado por textos publicados nas edições do primeiro semestre de 2011 da Revista Veja, representativos de dois gêneros textuais: Editorial e Coluna Social. Os resultados revelam que o tipo de codificação do modificador nominal mais integrado ao nome é o adjetivo, que representa a forma menos complexa, não marcada e, portanto, mais recorrente, em comparação com a locução adjetiva e com a oração relativa.
Development and Advances of Drugs for Cancer Theranostics – PART-IV
Authors: Feng Lian-Shun
Published: October 2021

Cancer, a highly heterogeneous disease at intra/inter patient levels, is one of the most serious threats to human health across the world [1, 2]. Notwithstanding the noteworthy advances in its treat-ment, the morbidity and mortality of cancer are projected to grow for a long period, and the global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47% rise from 2020 [3]. Accordingly, there is a constant need to explore novel anticancer agents.

There are several strategies to discover novel anticancer candidates: (1) new lead hits or candidates from natural resources [4] whichexhibit various biological properties and are a rich source of com-pounds in drug discovery due to the structural and mechanistic diversity, and more than 60% anti-cancer agents can be traced to a natural product; (2) Molecular hybridization is one of the most prom-ising strategies for the discovery of novel anticancer drug candidates since hybrid molecules have the potential to bind multiple targets or to enhance the effect through acting with another bio-target or to counterbalance the side effects caused by the other part of the hybrid [5]; (3) Dimerization is a useful tool to develop novel anticancer drug candidates with enhanced biological activity, reduced side effects and improved pharmacokinetic profiles [6]; (4) Drug repurposing strategy is is an attractive strategy and has been approved, along with non-anticancer macrolide drugs for the treatment of cancer, for anticancer drug discovery since toxicity and pharmacokinetic profiles have already been estab-lished [7].

Heterocycles coumarin, β-lactone, macrolide and triazole are useful anticancer pharmacophores since their derivatives could exert the anticancer activity through diverse mechanisms, inclusive of inhibition of aromatase, carbonic anhydrase, ki-nase, P-glycoprotein, sulfatase, telomerase, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and tubulin [8-11]. In particular, nat-ural-derived coumarin, β-lactone and macrolide derivatives are important sources of new anticancer lead hits/candidates; mac-rolide repurposed drugs can circumvent high cost and long-time associated with traditional drug discovery strategies; couma-rin, β-lactone and macrolide hybrids as well as bis-triazole compounds have the potential to enhance the anticancer activity, overcome drug resistance, reduce the side effects and improve pharmacokinetic profiles.
Identification Osteogenic Signaling Pathways Following Mechanical Stimulation:
A Systematic Review
Authors: Khojasteh Arash , Nokhbatolfoghahaei Hanieh , Rad Maryam Rezai , Paknejad Zahrasadat , Ardeshirylajimi Abdolreza
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

It has been shown that mechanical forces can induce or promote osteogenic
differentiation as well as remodeling of the new created bone tissues. To apply this characteristic
in bone tissue engineering, it is important to know which mechanical stimuli through which
signaling pathway has a more significant impact on osteogenesis.

Methods:

In this systematic study, an electronic search was conducted using PubMed and Google
Scholar databases. This study has been prepared and organized according to the preferred reporting
items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Included studies were first
categorized according to the in vivo and in vitro studies.

Results:

Six types of mechanical stresses were used in these articles and the most commonly used
mechanical force and cell source were tension and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
(BMMSCs), respectively. These forces were able to trigger twelve signaling pathways in which
Wnt pathway was so prominent.

Conclusion:

1) Although specific signaling pathways are induced through specific mechanical
forces, Wnt signaling pathways are predominantly activated by almost all types of force/stimulation,
2) All signaling pathways regulate expression of RUNX2, which is known as a master regulator
of osteogenesis, 3) In Tension force, the mode of force administration, i.e, continuous or noncontinuous
tension is more important than the percentage of elongation.
Immune-related Gene-based Prognostic Signature for the Risk Stratification Analysis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Su Dongqing , Lu Qianzi , Pan Yi , Yu Yao , Wang Shiyuan , Zuo Yongchun , Yang Lei
Published: October 2021

Background:

Breast cancer has plagued women for many years and caused many deaths around the world.

Method:

In this study, based on the weighted correlation network analysis, univariate Cox regression analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, 12 immune-related genes were selected to construct the risk score for breast cancer patients. The multivariable Cox regression analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, and nomogram were also conducted in this study.

Results:

Good results were obtained in the survival analysis, enrichment analysis, multivariable Cox regression analysis and immune-related feature analysis. When the risk score model was applied in 22 breast cancer cohorts, the univariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the risk score model was significantly associated with overall survival in most of the breast cancer cohorts.

Conclusion:

Based on these results, we could conclude that the proposed risk score model may be a promising method and may improve the treatment stratification of breast cancer patients in the future work.
Imaginarios Urbanos y representaciones culturales en la historia del Sector Antiguo de Tunja (1968 – 1979)
Authors: Osorio Salazar Leonardo Enrique
Published: October 2021

Objective: to present a reflection on the relationships between urban imaginaries and cultural representations referring to the urban space inherited f rom the old sector of Tunja; Historical, patrimonial and cultural city representative of the Architecture and the society of the XVI century, that has prevailed until the present time in Colombia. To this end, an emphasis is placed on the period between 1968 and 1979, in which political, academic and cultural desires were expressed in the context of a modernization that was in constant tension due to the perspectives of change and prevalences that arose f rom the interests of different sectors of society and that determined expressions of material changes, use of inherited urban space, and disuse of traditional domestic architecture. Method or methodology: The approach method was made f rom a qualitative and inductive approach, with the analysis, reflection and explanatory synthesis of primary, historiographic and material sources present in the architecture and urban planning of the city. Results and conclusions: The result of the research presents the main topics of debate, as well as the actors and urban forces that influenced the historical and cultural significance of this city, and whose questioning allows to explain the main meanings that material representations had in the conformation of an urban, artistic and cultural memory, which influenced the distinction of its own identity, in the Latin American context.
Lineamientos para la construcción de un currículo crítico como base para la transformación desde la escuela
Authors: Sánchez Anillo Rafael
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The new humanity challenges deserves contributions from schools, specifically, from these curricular guidelines; based on a critical proposal that promotes a conscious citizenship, capable of having the knowledge and preparation to face the policies of standardized curricula, which have alienated the human being from ethical, moral, fraternal and solidarity values before the educational models. This separates citizens from the economic and environmental processes effects. Objective: This research article was created with the objective of proposing guidelines for autonomous training, from a critical perspective, in students from schools. Method or methodology: Its methodology was based on a qualitative research, taking into account an action research approach, focused on permanent communication between the different actors in the educational process; this is due to the school crisis after the imposed policies from the hidden entities that have allowed categorize educational quality from a competences and achievements perspective. Results: The information was obtained from different focus groups of the different government schools; similarly, observations were obtained from 3 educational institutions by observation inside and out class.
Radiodine, I-131, release into the atmosphere during normal operation of the radiopharmaceutical production facility at the Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry: analysis of I-131 concentration in the air and radiation dose to the population of the Obninsk city and its surroundings
Authors:   Research and Production Association “Typhoon”, Buryakova A.A. , Bulgakov V.G. ,   Research and Production Association “Typhoon”, Kryshev A.I. ,   Research and Production Association “Typhoon”, Katkova M.N. ,   Research and Production Association “Typhoon”
Published: October 2021

Radiodine, I-131, is released into atmosphere during normal operation of the radiopharmaceutical production facility at the Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry (NIFKhl) in Obninsk city. The paper presents analysis of monitoring of I-131 concentration in the air and radiation dose to the population of the Obninsk and its surroundings. To estimate annual radiation doses to the public I-131 concentration in the environment was first calculated. Data of radiation monitoring carried out in Obninsk were used to confirm the correctness of computed mean annual volume activity of I-131 in the air. Annual radioiodine doses to the public of Obninsk and its surroundings calculated exposed to radiation between 2015 and 2019 were within the range of 0.5 to 2.0 µSv/year, this level was considerably lower the limit set for the population living near the NIFKhI (300 µSv/year). The risk from radioiodine released into the atmosphere in the period from 2015-2019 was negligible (<10Е-6 year-1).
Registry of plutonium-induced lung fibrosis in a cohort of nuclear workers of the Mayak Production Association
Authors:   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, FMBA of the RF (SUBI), Azizova T.V. , Moseeva M.B. ,   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, FMBA of the RF (SUBI), Grigoryeva E.S. ,   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, FMBA of the RF (SUBI), Zhuntova G.V. ,   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, FMBA of the RF (SUBI), Bannikova M.V. ,   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, FMBA of the RF (SUBI), Sychugov G.V. ,   South-Urals State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the RF (SUSMU), Kazachkov E.L. ,   South-Urals State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the RF (SUSMU)
Published: October 2021

The registry of plutonium-induced lung fibrosis cases (PuLF) diagnosed in members of a cohort of the first Russian nuclear industry facility Mayak Production Association was established in the clinical department of the Southern Urals Biophysics Institute of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency (SUBI). The registry includes 188 plutonium-induced lung fibrosis diagnoses: 117 (62.23%) in males and 71 (37.77%) in females. This paper describes the structure and detailed characteristics of the registry. The number of PuLF cases was shown to have no association with cumulative lung absorbed dose from external gamma rays as of the date of diagnosis. On the contrary, the PuLF rate was shown to be associated with cumulative lung absorbed dose from in-corporated alpha particles and to increase significantly with increasing dose from internal radia-tion exposure. This paper discusses potential applications of the registry to scientific investiga-tions in the future.
Use of Commercially Produced Medical Education Videos in a Cardiovascular Curriculum: Multiple Cohort Study
Authors: Tackett Sean , Green David , Dyal Michael , O'Keefe Erin , Thomas Tanya Emmanuelle , Nguyen Tiffany , Vo Duyen , Patel Mausam , Murdock Christopher J , Wolfe Erin M , Shehadeh Lina A
Published: October 2021

Background

Short instructional videos can make learning more efficient through the application of multimedia principles, and video animations can illustrate the complex concepts and dynamic processes that are common in health sciences education. Commercially produced videos are commonly used by medical students but are rarely integrated into curricula.

Objective

Our goal was to examine student engagement with medical education videos incorporated into a preclinical Cardiovascular Systems course.

Methods

Students who took the first-year 8-week Cardiovascular Systems course in 2019 and 2020 were included in the study. Videos from Osmosis were recommended to be watched before live sessions throughout the course. Video use was monitored through dashboards, and course credit was given for watching videos. All students were emailed electronic surveys after the final exam asking about the course’s blended learning experience and use of videos. Osmosis usage data for number of video views, multiple choice questions, and flashcards were extracted from Osmosis dashboards.

Results

Overall, 232/359 (64.6%) students completed surveys, with rates by class of 81/154 (52.6%) for MD Class of 2022, 39/50 (78%) for MD/MPH Class of 2022, and 112/155 (72.3%) for MD Class of 2023. Osmosis dashboard data were available for all 359 students. All students received the full credit offered for Osmosis engagement, and learning analytics demonstrated regular usage of videos and other digital platform features. Survey responses indicated that most students found Osmosis videos to be helpful for learning (204/232, 87.9%; P=.001) and preferred Osmosis videos to the traditional lecture format (134/232, 57.8%; P<.001).

Conclusions

Commercial medical education videos may enhance curriculum with low faculty effort and improve students’ learning experiences. Findings from our experience at one medical school can guide the effective use of supplemental digital resources for learning, and related evaluation and research.
Nonfungible Tokens as a Blockchain Solution to Ethical Challenges for the Secondary Use of Biospecimens: Viewpoint
Authors: Gross Marielle S , Hood Amelia J , Miller Jr Robert C
Published: October 2021

Henrietta Lacks’ deidentified tissue became HeLa cells (the paradigmatic learning health platform). In this article, we discuss separating research on Ms Lacks’ tissue from obligations to promote respect, beneficence, and justice for her as a patient. This case illuminates ethical challenges for the secondary use of biospecimens, which persist in contemporary learning health systems. Deidentification and broad consent seek to maximize the benefits of learning from care by minimizing burdens on patients, but these strategies are insufficient for privacy, transparency, and engagement. The resulting supply chain for human cellular and tissue–based products may therefore recapitulate the harms experienced by the Lacks family. We introduce the potential for blockchain technology to build unprecedented transparency, engagement, and accountability into learning health system architecture without requiring deidentification. The ability of nonfungible tokens to maintain the provenance of inherently unique digital assets may optimize utility, value, and respect for patients who contribute tissue and other clinical data for research. We consider the potential benefits and survey major technical, ethical, socioeconomic, and legal challenges for the successful implementation of the proposed solutions. The potential for nonfungible tokens to promote efficiency, effectiveness, and justice in learning health systems demands further exploration.
Delivering Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise Virtually Using a Digital Health Platform (ECME-CR): Protocol for a Pilot Trial
Authors: Giggins Oonagh M , Doyle Julie , Smith Suzanne , Moran Orla , Gavin Shane , Sojan Nisanth , Boyle Gordon
Published: October 2021

Background

Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is recognized as a core component of cardiovascular disease management and has been shown to reduce all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and reduce the risk of hospital readmission following a cardiac event. However, despite this, the uptake of and long-term adherence to cardiac rehabilitation exercise is poor. Delivering cardiac rehabilitation exercise virtually (ie, allowing patients to participate from their own homes) may be an alternative approach that could enhance uptake and increase adherence.

Objective

The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of delivering a virtual cardiac rehabilitation exercise program supported by the Eastern Corridor Medical Engineering – Cardiac Rehabilitation (ECME-CR) platform.

Methods

A convenience sample (n=20) of participants eligible to participate in community-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise will be recruited. Participants will be randomized to one of two study groups. Both study groups will perform the same exercise program, consisting of twice-weekly sessions of 60 minutes each, over an 8-week intervention period. Participants in the intervention group will partake in virtually delivered cardiac rehabilitation exercise classes in their own home. The virtual exercise classes will be delivered to participants using a videoconferencing platform. Participants in the control group will attend the research center for their cardiac rehabilitation exercise classes. Intervention group participants will receive the ECME-CR digital health platform for monitoring during the class and during the intervention period. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and following the 8-week intervention period. The primary outcome will be exercise capacity as assessed using the 6-minute walk test. Other outcome measures will include heart rate, blood pressure, weight, percentage body fat, muscle strength, and self-reported quality of life. Semistructured interviews will also be conducted with a subset of participants to explore their experiences of using the digital platform.

Results

Participant recruitment and data collection will begin in July 2021, and it is anticipated that the study results will be available for dissemination in spring 2022.

Conclusions

This pilot trial will inform the design of a randomized controlled trial that will assess the clinical effectiveness of the ECME-CR digital health platform.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/31855