bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Heat Transfer Rate in Electric Evaporators of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Using Electrothermal Modeling
Authors: Rulev A V , Sidorin A A
Published: November 2021

In modern domestic and foreign experience of gas power supply to houses and industrial facilities located remotely from the main power station, decentralized gas power supply systems fed with propane-butane mixtures of liquefied petroleum gases from tanks are increasingly used. When using liquefied petroleum gases as the main energy carrier in gas tank systems, they are evaporated artificially in evaporators with an intermediate solid-state or liquid heat transfer agent, under conditions of its natural convection. The main operational characteristic of industrial tube evaporators of propane-butane mixtures of liquefied petroleum gases used for gas power supply from tank installations of housing and communal, industrial and industrial facilities that are remote from the main power supply stations is evaporation capacity. The evaporation capacity of industrial tube evaporators of propane-butane mixtures with a solid-state intermediate heat transfer medium is determined by the heat input from the tubular electric heaters through the aluminum casting layer. Therefore, the study of heat transfer in the solid–state intermediate heat transfer medium-evaporation coil system is the most important prerequisite for the effective operation of industrial tube evaporators of propane-butane mixtures and requires detailed research. To solve the problem of determining the heat transfer resistance between the layers of aluminum casting in contact with the surface of the tubular electric heaters group and the outer evaporation coil surface studies were performed on an electrical model. The average value of the total error of the results of experimental studies on electrothermal modeling is 3.7 %, with a confidence probability of 95 %. Recommendations are given for reducing the thickness of the layers in clear from the lower coil of the evaporative tube coil to the lower generatrix of the solid-state aluminum mass and the upper coil of the evaporative tube coil to the upper generatrix of the solid-state aluminum mass.
Hardware and Software Structure for a Social Robot Capable of Situation Analysis
Authors: Kimr N , Bodunkov N , Sinyavskaya J
Published: November 2021

This paper discusses structuring of hardware and software for an autonomous social robot. It shows that the real-world social robot operations face the challenge of environmental variability and uncertainty of the objective parameters. Thus, a social robot must be capable of situation analysis for better autonomy. We propose a modular distributed structure of the control system. Separate modules monitor the status and control the subsystems of the robot. General coordination of subsystems is provided by the Supervisor module. For the robot to function autonomously, the Supervisor must be capable of situation analysis and its key functions: objective retrieval and analysis, situation description, configuring and strategizing the solution. The robot’s sensory inputs help acquire the objective and its parameters to describe the situation. Description relies on the database of a priori knowledge of the environment and its objects. Analysis is linked to a reduction in the uncertainty of the objective parameters and situation description. For a case study, the paper demonstrates a maze-solving strategy as affected by the situation.
Algorithm for Processing Measurements of a Hybrid Aviation Surveillance System
Authors: Eliseev A V
Published: November 2021

It is shown that a significant disadvantage of the broadcast-type automatic dependent surveillance system (ADS-B) used to solve the problem of aviation surveillance is its vulnerability to spoofing attempts. To eliminate this disadvantage, it is currently proposed to use the monitoring of ADS-B data using multilateration aviation surveillance systems (MLAT). The work shows the necessity of MLAT modernization to ensure a reliable solution to the problem of aviation surveillance in the event of failure of one or more reception points. To do this, it is proposed to use hybrid methods for assessing the coordinates of an aircraft. It can reduce the number of minimum required receiving positions due to the structural and informational redundancy of the aviation surveillance system. Structures (scenarios) of hybrid multi-position aviation surveillance systems and algorithms for processing their measurements have been developed. The algorithms ensure an increase in the reliability of the formation of estimates of aircraft coordinates.
Determination of Electromagnetic Influence of 25 kV AC Electric Traction Network on 10 kV High-Voltage Overhead Line
Authors: Zalesova O V
Published: November 2021

Electrified railways include a system of cable and overhead lines. An analysis of the operation of alternating current (AC) electrified railways sections shows that the value of the induced voltage caused by the operation of the traction network can significantly exceed the permissible level on adjacent disconnected high-voltage overhead lines. As a consequence, this leads to serious injuries to operating personnel, including deaths, failure of electrical equipment. From this point of view, 1x25 kV 50 Hz AC railway system networks are considered the most dangerous. The electromagnetic influence of the traction network of a double-track section of an AC railway on an adjacent 10 kV high-voltage overhead line for power supply of automatic block signalling is investigated in the offered paper. Emergency cases of traction network operation are considered: short-circuit situation and forced state. The calculations of short-circuit currents in the influencing inter-substation zone, as well as estimation of the induced voltage on the wires of the 10 kV disconnected high-voltage overhead line for various schemes of grounding, have been performed. The investigations were carried out on models built using the ATP-EMTP program.
Comparative Efficiency Evaluation of Hydrogen Energy Complexes Based on Reversible Fuel Cells and Hydrogen-Thermal Storage When Combined with Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Egorov A N , Bayramov A N
Published: November 2021

This work evaluates the technical and economic efficiency of combining NPPs with a system based on reversible fuel cells (RFC) in comparison with the well-known approach of hydrogen-thermal accumulation (HTA) using an additional low-power steam turbine unit. One of the main advantages of RFC is its ability to alternately operate both in the electrolysis mode in order to accumulate off-peak electricity, and in the fuel cell mode to generate peak electricity without converting hydrogen fuel energy into thermal or mechanical energy. The authors developed a schematic diagram and methodology for assessing efficiency of using RFC at NPPs. The calculations have shown that at the present stage of technology development, the use of RFC is less effective in comparison with the system based on HTA. At the same time, until 2035the advantage of the HTA will grow from 9.68%, excluding the economic effect from preventing unloading of the NPP, up to 25.31% in the current scenario, taking into account the economic effect from preventing unloading of the NPP. The target level of base specific capital investments in the proposed RFC system (units with a unit capacity of 250 kW) has been determined, providing equal technical and economic efficiency in comparison with HTA, which amounted to 1079-1134 $/kW
Automated Prediction of the Liquid Paraffins Viscosity
Authors: Grigoriev B A , Boldyrev D V
Published: November 2021

The article deals with an approach to the construction of self-adjusting automatic control systems, in which parametric adaptation occurs when the properties of technological raw materials change during its processing due to changes in the parameters of state. A new algorithm for predicting the viscosity of hydrocarbon liquids is proposed, which can be used as part of the control systems software. The main dependences are obtained on the basis of reliable experimental data on the viscosity of normal C8–C20 alkanes, which are similar in properties to commodity petroleum products. The data of physicochemical analysis are used as the initial data for the computation. Based on the theory of corresponding states, a new approach to scaling the viscosity using a set of characteristic parameters is developed and technique for their determination is proposed. The method is tested in the temperature range (0.4 – 0.7)TC
at pressures up to 10 MPa. It is shown that the deviation of the predicted values from the experimental data is comparable to the error of the viscosity measurement.
Using the Hopfield Neural Network to Select a Behaviour Strategy for the Group of Mobile Robots
Authors: Darintsev O V , Migranov A B
Published: November 2021

The use of the Hopfield neural network for the task distribution problem solving in teams of mobile robots performing monosyllabic operations in a single workspace is considered. The study is a continuation of earlier works in which the same problem was solved by the authors using other heuristic algorithms – swarm and genetic. This article presents the problem statement and the model of the working space, distinguishes the goals of robotic operation. The quality indicator is the total distance traveled by each of the robots in the group. To enable the original problem to be solved using the Hopfield neural network, a graph representation of the Hopfield is made by switching from the VRP to the TSP problem. The results of computational experiments confirming the effectiveness of the chosen approach for choosing a strategy of behavior of a group of mobile robots are shown.
Characteristics of Combined Motor of Separator Drive
Authors: Kim V A , Kashin Ya M , Kopelevich L E
Published: November 2021

The paper describes the characteristics of a combined motor of a separator drive. Simulation experiment provided the characteristics of a combined motor of a separator drive, which allow considering the impact of the line voltage parameters (the supply voltage amplitude and frequency) and the resistance moment created by the separated product on the electromagnetic torque of a combined motor of the separator drive and the rotation speed of the working body of the separator with a combined motor.
Programming of an Approximating K-Ary GCD Algorithm
Authors: Amer I F , Ishmukhametov Sh T , Alkhalidi A M
Published: November 2021

In our paper, we consider the procedure for effective programming of an approximating k-ary GCD algorithm of natural numbers in the C++ programming language in the Visual Studio programming environment with the installed MPIR library of long numbers. There are also some theoretical calculations that justify the application of certain solutions. The task of GCD computation has an important efficient in different applications of Number Theory and Cybersecurity.
Application of Technology for Combustion of Depleted Ionized Gas Fuel in an Electric Field
Authors: Ermoshin N A , Romanchikov S A , Bayrak V O , Kashtanov Yu Yu
Published: November 2021

A technology is proposed to improve the efficiency of heat devices operating on gas fuel. The technology is based on the use of a method of burning depleted ionized gas fuel in an electric field. Application of the method allows to reduce the formation of soot deposits and provides a more complete combustion of the gas. Increasing the efficiency of heating devices is achieved due to the formation of an electric field by including an ionizing radiation device in the structure of the gas stove. The energy of the ionizing radiation of the gas fuel provides the formation of Coulomb forces. Combustion intensifies, and convective heat exchange increases due to electroconvection. The design of the ionizing radiation device includes electrodes located at a distance from each other. Power is supplied from a voltage source. The electrodes are fixed using porcelain ring insulators. The proposed design solutions provide not only a decrease in gas fuel consumption, but also an increase in the flame temperature and the power of thermal radiation not only in the visible, infrared and ultraviolet ranges. Additional electrolysis of the fuel mixture, and the acceleration of its combustion rate is achieved due to ionization. The results of experimental studies to determine the parameters of the combustion processes of gas fuel (isobutane (CH3-CH(CH3)-CH3) – 72 %, butane (CH3-CH2– CH2-CH3) – 22 %, propane (C3H8) – 6 %) are presented. It was found that with a variable electric field strength for gas ionization, an increase in the temperature of the frying bed by 39%, heat transfer by 2 times, a decrease in carbon oxides by 31–36%, and a decrease in gas fuel consumption by 26% are achieved.
Algorithm for Predicting the Speed of Gesture Interaction with the User Interface of a Mobile Software Application
Authors: Popov A A , Kuzmina A O
Published: November 2021

In this article, Keystroke Level Model and Touchless Hand Gesture Level Model were adapted, as well as Fitts’s law, to work with touch screens of the mobile devices. The article takes into account typical gestures that users most often perform in the process of interaction with touch screens of mobile devices (Tap, Pinch, Swipe, Pan, Drag-and-Drop), as well as time components of gestures (time for direct execution of a gesture, time for mental preparation for the gesture, time for the user to select the necessary grip on the mobile device, time to select the ‘dominant’ hand to perform gestures, the time to select the finger to perform the gesture, time to move the hand away from the touch screen). A method for determining the speed of user gesture interaction has been developed. The problem was formulated and an algorithm was developed. The details of the operation and use of the algorithm are considered. A list of arrays and variables used as initial data for determining the speed of the sequence execution of operations using gesture interaction has been developed. The preparation of the initial data for the operation of the algorithm provides for a research experiment to obtain average values of the temporal components of gestures. The developed algorithm is intended for use at the design stage of mobile software applications that will run on mobile devices with touch screens.
Development of a Digital Model of a Beta Function Based on Mellin’s Integral Transforms
Authors: Makarov A M , Ermakov A S , Pisarenko E A , Ryndiuk V A
Published: November 2021

The implementation of a digital model of the beta function for use in computer algorithms is a time-consuming task. This is due to the complexity of the high-precision representation of its integrand functions, which require a large number of intermediate operations, which entails a large load on the computational power. Purpose: Development of the basic theoretical provisions of the integral Mellin transform in relation to the theory of signal processing against the background of noise and research of their discrete representation. Results: It is shown in the paper that the beta function can be considered as a special case of Mellin’s integral transforms. Based on this statement, a mathematical model of the beta function was developed. Using the properties of parametrically periodic oscillations belonging to the class of trigonometric-logarithmic functions, it was possible to create a digital model for representing the beta function. Practical relevance: Based on the established digital model can be realized a high-speed algorithm for calculating the beta function with a given accuracy. Such algorithms can serve as a basis for creating signal processing programs in order to detect wideband phase-shift keyed signals against a background of noise with an unknown phase sequence. An example of using such algorithms is the search for Wi-Fi bugs.
Prospects for the Wind Energy Use for Power and Heat Supply to Decentralized Consumers in the Western Sector of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Minin V A , Krivtsov S I
Published: November 2021

An issue of the possible involvement of wind turbines in the power and heat supply of remote dispersed consumers in the Arctic (meteorological stations, lighthouses, border outposts, army and navy facilities, hunting seats, fishermen and geophysical explorers’ bases, etc.) is considered. The need for the functioning of the consumers remains in the long term. The study of the wind energy potential in the western sector of the Russian Arctic showed emerging prerequisites to be favourable for the efficient use of this renewable energy source in the coastal areas of the Barents and White Seas. Average annual wind speed at a height of 10 m in the areas mentioned are 6-8 m/s. There is a pronounced seasonal wind intensity maximum, which coincides with the seasonal maximum of the consumer’s demand for power and heat. Exemplified by facilities located in the coastal Kola Peninsula, it is shown that it is possible to save a significant amount of expensive imported fuel combusted at diesel power plants and boiler rooms, and thereby to reduce the generated electricity and heat costs by 25-40%, when implementing wind turbines.
Experimental Investigation of Surge Propagation Characteristics on a Substation Grounding System
Authors: Kolobov V V , Barannik M B , Ivonin V V
Published: November 2021

With the correct choice of the arrester by voltage class and compliance with the calculated protective distance without taking into account the propagation velocity of the current wave on the grounding grid, overvoltages exceeding discharge or residual voltage may occur on the protected equipment, in particular the transformer. Thus, when calculating the installation of the arrester that protects the substation from incoming lightning surges from a transmission lines, it is necessary to take into account the propagation of the current wave on the grounding grid. The propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves in a 150 kV substations grounding grid was measured. The measured wave propagation velocities are in the range of 50–100⋅106 m/s. Thus, the obtained velocity of wave propagation on the grounding grid used in service is several times less than the speed of light. The measured value correlates well with similar experiments conducted for buried conductors located in soils with similar parameters and the results of mathematical modeling for a grounding grid having similar dimensions and mesh size.
Topological Optimization of a Complex Shape Forming Stamp
Authors: Andrianov I K
Published: November 2021

The scientific research is devoted to the mathematical modeling of the optimal topology of stamps with a complex forming surface. Topological optimization is based on the SIMP method by creating a field of pseudo-densities and minimizing the pliability of the structure under the influence of load. When setting the problem, it is proposed to take into account the fatigue strength of polymers, taking into account the restrictions on the stress state. According to the results of the calculation in the ANSYS software package, an optimal redistribution of the stamp material and a reduction in volume due to the removal of elements that have little effect on the rigidity of the structure is obtained. The results of the study can be further applied in the field of hot and cold stamping by creating stamping tools of minimal volume.
Development of the Sequential Voids Creation Approach in Axisymmetric Forming Dies
Authors: Andrianov I K
Published: November 2021

The study deals with the problem of topological optimization of forming dies with a limitation on fatigue strength. As a model of a stamp, a typical geometric configuration of stamps for the manufacture of parts of the " cup " type is considered. The algorithm for finding the optimal topology is proposed to be built separately in the internal areas under the stamp flanges and under the bottom of the "cup" of forming. Mathematical regularities are presented, according to which elements that fall into the area of predicted removal have a very small elastic modulus, which is widely used in topological optimization methods, then the stress state level is analyzed according to the fatigue strength curve. In the area of the flanges, there is a "build-up" of the mass according to the quadratic law with a variation in the depth of removal of the material. In the area of the bottom of the " cup " of forming, a step-by-step addition of rod elements is proposed until the level of the stress state meets the specified restrictions. Thus, this study is a modification of the topological optimization method. The novelty of the research lies in the construction of a new geometric scheme for determining the area of stored and deleted elements. The results of the study can be further developed in the development of methods for effective redistribution of material, as well as significantly reduce the material costs for the production of metal forming dies.
Analysis of Measures to Reduce the Energy Facilities Impact on the Environment on the Example of the Crimean Energy System
Authors: Opalev D P , Bekirov E A , Asanov M M
Published: November 2021

The world community is seriously concerned about the harmful effects of human activity on the environment. Reducing this influence is on the agenda for most countries. Energy facilities play the greatest role in environmental pollution with harmful emissions. Reducing the generated electricity will positively contribute to an improvement of the environmental situation. This can be achieved by decreasing electric energy losses during its transmission. The paper considers losses at various stages of electric energy transmission, presents the components of actual losses, as well as measures to reduce them. The effectiveness of two methods is analyzed on the example of the Crimean energy system: the method of interrupting the low voltage network and the method of disconnecting part of the transformers in the low loads mode. Conclusions about the need for operational regulation of the considered energy system in order to reduce electric energy losses are made.
The Object According State Prediction to Diagnostic Data
Authors: Baranov L A , Balakina E P , Godyaev A I
Published: November 2021

The predicting methodology the state of the object based on diagnostic data is considered. With the selected parameter that determines the state of the object, it is measured in real time at a fixed sampling step. According to the measurement data, the value of this parameter is predicted in the future. This operation is implemented by an extrapolator of the l order - a l degree polynomial, built using the least squares method based on the previous measurements results. The changing process model of the diagnosed parameter is a random time function described by the stationary centered random component sum and a mathematical expectation deterministic change. The estimating prediction error method and the extrapolator parameters influence on its value are presented.
Reliability of Certain Class of Transportation Networks
Authors: Baranov L A , Godyaev A I , Ermolin Y A , Shubinsky I B
Published: November 2021

The reliabilityof a special class of technical objects - tree-like transportation networks is considered. It is argued that the indicators traditionally used to assess reliability in relation to such objects are not very informative and are ambiguously interpreted from a physical point of view. As a quantitative measure, an indicator of operational reliability is proposed and an engineering method for its calculation has been developed. It uses the features of the object, is based on an analogue of the Y-shaped structure-forming fragment of the network and is reduced to a repeating step-by-step computational procedure, when at each step the results of the calculation are obtained at the previous stage and used as initial data. Relationships are derived that allow extending this approach to the case when at the junction point of network elements not two, but, in general, n elements are combined. The advantages of the introduced indicator of the operational reliability of tree-like transportation networks are discussed and the ways of its further generalization and use are outlined
Image Analysis to Optimize Calculations of Grinding Modes
Authors: Zmyzgova T R , Agapova N V , Polyakova E N , Chelovechkova A V
Published: November 2021

Modeling helps to investigate and analyze the interrelationships of grinding parameters as a single system. The article describes a computer model of the surface layer of a grinding wheel, taking into account the cutting modes and characteristics of the circle. The subsystem of the surface layer of the grinding wheel is the most important subsystem of grinding, since it connects the main characteristics of the circle with the cutting modes and with the parameters of the workpiece. The output characteristics of the model are the parameters of the working layer with a height of several micrometers, in which micro-cutting occurs. It is impossible (or very difficult) to obtain them by conducting full-scale experiments, since the processes are instantaneous, and the cutting elements have micro-dimensions. This problem was solved by creating a simulation stochastic model based on the geometric representation of the surface layer, which clearly displays the result. The analysis of the image of this model allowed us to numerically describe the output parameters of cutting.

The article offers a faster algorithm for analyzing the image of the simulation model of the surface layer. It is carried out over a matrix containing numerical information about the projection of the surface layer, the main parameters of each single slice are calculated, and only after that the result is displayed on the graphic screen. To simulate a single grinding mode, it is necessary to repeat the process of "image creation - image analysis– output of results" hundreds of times until a stable state is reached.

The use of the algorithm in an automated system will allow you to create a system for automatically searching for optimal grinding modes, as well as to derive analytical dependencies of cutting modes on input parameters, for example, on the parameters of the circle and the workpiece.
Small Object Signal Formation Model for Optical System with Matrix Photodetector When Processed by the Laplace Operator
Authors: Rogachev V , Mikhailov A , Kamenev A
Published: November 2021

The authors review the formation of a small object signal by an optical system with a matrix photodetector. They develop a mathematical model of signal formation and test it. The authors calculate the signal/noise proportion for various small object signal shapes and amplitudes processed by the Laplace operator.
Analysis of the Causes of Emergency Shutdowns on Electric Networks
Authors: Polkovskaya M N , Yakupova M A
Published: November 2021

The paper analyses the causes of emergency outages on electric networks according to the data of the Pravoberezhny district of Irkutsk for 2008-2017, according to which 82% of failures of elements of the electric network are caused by breakdowns and equipment failure; 9% are due to the influence of external factors; 5% occurred due to natural and climatic reasons, 4% – due to other circumstances. The largest number of outages due to operational reasons occurs due to damage to cable and overhead lines. Accidents caused by the influence of external factors are mainly associated with the negative impact of people, animals and birds. Equipment failures related to natural and climatic factors are mainly due to wind or thunderstorms. Other circumstances, as a rule, include staff errors and unidentified reasons. Calculations of undersupply of electricity and economic losses caused by interruptions in power supply were made. It should be noted that in order to reduce the number of equipment failures, it is necessary to carry out timely maintenance and reconstruction of various elements of electrical networks.
Experimental Study of Energy Conversion of Daily Temperature Difference
Authors: Chelukhin V , Vasiliev A , Aung Pyae Zone
Published: November 2021

Recently, more and more attention is paid to renewable energy. Recently, green energy or renewable energy is increasingly beginning to squeeze traditional energy based on the combustion of fossil fuels: coal, oil, and so on. Basically, the development of renewable energy sources comes from wind energy and solar energy. However, as recent situations in Germany, the United States and others have shown, wind energy has its drawbacks.

This is, first of all, the instability of the power supply, as well as the difficulty of converting variable wind energy into direct alternating current for industrial use.

Solar energy also has its drawbacks. This is the need for large areas, the need for just such sunny areas and the cleaning of solar panels from snow, dust and other precipitation.

Today, there is a search for renewable energy sources in all directions, the most insignificant options are being considered, such as, for example, at the junction of fresh water, salt water, some kind of energy is released.

The paper considers a method of obtaining energy using the temperature difference between day and night. At any point in the world, the temperature is always higher during the day, and always lower at night. This so-called temperature drop can be from 3 to 12.15 and more degrees, for example, in Urengoy in winter it can reach 60 degrees. It’s the same on the planets: on the moon, especially on Mars. There, the temperature difference between day and night is about 60-80 degrees, since Mars has no atmosphere.
Neural Forecasting System of Regional Cooperative Systems Innovative Activity Results
Authors: Kirillova E , Lazarev A
Published: November 2021

The analysis of changes in the external and internal environment of organisations, requirements for ensuring long-term sustainability and competitiveness in modern conditions suggests the need to develop instrumental support for decision-making support processes in the implementation of innovative projects of cooperative formations. Significant expenditures of financial and time resources allow to determine the priority problem – the insufficient development of systems for reducing uncertainty in interaction with the processes of scientific and industrial cooperation, which determine the disproportions of the resulting economic indicators of the functioning of innovative activity in the region. The proposed solution is an implemented multiplatform software for neuro-cluster analysis of multiformat data, which is based on fuzzy data prediction algorithms based on a nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model. An important feature of the implemented software is an algorithm for optimising the processing of predicted data, based on distributed processing of big data using Microsoft Server operating system.
Numerical Investigation of Unsteady Flow Dynamics in a Packed Bed
Authors: Pashchenko D I , Shchelokov A I , Satonin A V , Makarov I V
Published: November 2021

Numerical simulation of unsteady flow of a compressible fluid in a fixed bed filled with porous elements has been performed. The research was carried out via ANSYS Fluent software. The scientific substantiation and verification of the physical and mathematical approaches incorporated in ANSYS Fluent for the problem of unsteady flow in a fixed bed has been carried out. For the computational domain, the interfaces of the flow area and the surface of porous particles are coupled by combining the contacts into a component part. The numerical results were verified using experimental data. The study was carried out in the range of velocity from 0.25 to 3.25 m/s. An expression is proposed for determining the pressure drop in a fixed bed, in which the pressure drop depends on the velocity, flow properties and the linear coefficient of local resistance. The values of the linear coefficient of local resistance are determined for the most common nozzle shapes in the industry: cylinder, Raschig ring, convex cylinder with 7 holes, sphere with 7 holes. It was found that with an increase in velocity, the value of the linear coefficient of local resistance decreases.
Systemization of Indicators for Assessing the Impact of Power Engineering Facilities on the Environment of the Arctic Zone in Yakutia
Authors: Nikolaeva N A
Published: November 2021

The development of mineral resources in the Arctic zone of Yakutia is followed by a progressively increasing impact on the environment. Under these conditions, it is necessary to develop such directions for reducing the negative consequences of industrial development that could support the entire ecosystem of the North in a balanced state in strict accordance with the laws of structure, processes and changes in the landscape structure. This can provide a complex geoecological approach that involves a systematic study of the relationships between both natural and man-made objects. In general, this approach is based on the study of the impact processes of athropogenic activities on the environment, changes in the environment and consequences that affect natural and social conditions. Under conditions of extremely low resistance of natural landscapes to any impacts, it is necessary to assess and search for directions reducing the consequences of industrial development. In this regard, a schematic model of indicators systematization of environmental and socio-economic consequences of the functioning of energy supply facilities is developed on the example of the Yana, Indigirka and Kolyma river basins in accordance with the laws of structure, processes and changes in the landscape structure.
Problems and Need for Alterations in Design of Hot Water Supply in Apartment Buildings
Authors: Unzhakov A S
Published: November 2021

The water supply system and structure used in apartment buildings have been described. Urgent issues of a hot water supply design currently faced by consumers have been identified. Solutions to the problem of hot water supply in apartment buildings have been proposed.
Modeling a Microgravity System for Ground Testing of Transformable Space Structures
Authors: Ezangina T , Gayvoronsiy S A , Sobol S
Published: November 2021

The article develops a mathematical model of a microgravity system that simulates the conditions of weightlessness during ground tests of spacecraft. The microgravity system consists of vertical and horizontal control channels, providing a link opening in a twodimensional coordinate system. The channels are two-mass electromechanical systems with elastic connections. To simulate the microgravity system, mathematical models of these channels are obtained. To check the adequacy of the obtained models in Simulink Matlab, we simulated the opening of a link of a mechanical system. As a result of modeling, the permissible indicators of the accuracy of simulating weightlessness were obtained.
The Method for Estimating the Maximum Velocity of the AUV Motion with Trajectories Re-Planning According to their Dynamic Properties
Authors: Yukhimets D A , Karmanova S V
Published: November 2021

The paper considers the problem of adjusting the value of a predetermined velocity required for horizontal motion of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in an environment containing obstacles, when trajectories change in order to avoid obstacles. Therewith, the velocity estimation generated during the re-planning of the AUVs motion trajectories is the maximum possible and is carried out on the basis of the AUVs dynamics model, considering their dynamic limitations and changes in the parameters of the motion trajectories. The topicality of the task is determined by the need to improve the efficiency of underwater missions in various areas of human activity (environmental monitoring, laying and maintenance of underwater communications, etc.). It depends on the mode of the AUVs motion: their velocity and parameters of the trajectories. The simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed method for estimating the maximum possible velocity of the AUVs motion.
The Mathematical Models of Lattice Functions in Modelling of Control System
Authors: Kramar V
Published: November 2021

The paper proposes an approach to constructing a mathematical model of lattice functions, which are mainly used in the study of discrete control systems in the time and domain of the Laplace transform. The proposed approach is based on the assumption of the physical absence of an impulse element. An alternative to the classical approach to the description of discrete data acquisition - the process of quantization in time, is considered. As a result, models of the lattice function in the time domain and the domain of the discrete Laplace transform are obtained. Based on the obtained mathematical models of lattice functions, a mathematical model of the time quantization element of the system is obtained. This will allow in the future to proceed to the construction of mathematical models of various discrete control systems, incl. expanding the proposed approaches to the construction of mathematical models of multi-cycle continuous-discrete automatic control systems
The Study of the Effectiveness of Strengthening the Traction Power Supply System of the Northern Route of the Eastern Polygon of the Russian Railroads
Authors: Puzina E Yu , Khudonogov I A
Published: November 2021

The train-handling capacity of the limiting section of the traction power supply system of the Northern route of the Eastern polygon of the Eastern Siberian Railroad has been estimated, taking into account the prospective amount of traffic for 2025. Due to insufficient train-handling capacity of the section and inconsistency of voltage level in the overhead system, the parameters of traction power supply system operation mode were studied using the mathematical simulation method in the Fazonord software application and the mathematical simulation method in the Kortes software application using various technical means of amplification.

The simulation results allowed us to determine the most optimal amplification methods that meet the task set.

It was proved that the method of increasing the transmitted power from 220 kV power line to 110 kV line through the autotransformer installed for their connection at the new traction substation of the limiting long section corresponds to the purpose of ensuring the required trainhandling capacity of the limiting section in the best possible way, taking into account the prospects for development of both the external power supply system and the system of traction power supply. At one of the traction substations of the section under study it is required to install an additional power transformer for parallel operation.

The specified combination of technical amplification means brings the parameters of traction power supply system into compliance with the requirements.
On the Condition of Covering Completeness in Associative Steganography
Authors: Raikhlin V A , Vershinin I S , Gibadullin R F
Published: November 2021

Previously, the completeness of the coverage was considered by the authors as an interpretation of a kind of logical interpretation of the criterion of perfect secrecy by K. Shannon – one of the necessary conditions that the concept of associative steganography should satisfy. The article shows that in reality, the completeness of coverage is a completely independent condition for ensuring the required level of data protection when analyzing scenes. It should not be associated with the criterion of K. Shannon.
Fractal Characterization of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in Nanostructured Materials
Authors: Kovalenko A N , Zarichnyak Yu P , Ivanov V A , Bolshev K N
Published: November 2021

The relationship between the fractal self-organization of structural-phase inhomogeneity in nanostructured materials and the processes of heat and mass transfer in them is considered. It is characterized by a non-Euclidean relationship between the rate of increase in the number of the considered elements of the medium and an increase in the scale of their consideration and is described by the transfer equations in fractional derivatives with respect to coordinate and time.
Hyperspectral Data Clustering Using Hellinger Divergence
Authors: Myasnikov E
Published: November 2021

Clustering is an important task in hyperspectral image processing. Despite the existence of a large number of clustering algorithms, little attention has been paid to the use of non-Euclidean dissimilarity measures in the clustering of hyperspectral data. This paper proposes a clustering technique based on the Hellinger divergence as a dissimilarity measure. The proposed technique uses Lloyd’s ideas of the k-means algorithm and gradient descent-based procedure to update clusters centroids. The proposed technique is compared with an alternative fast k-medoid algorithm implemented using the same metric from the viewpoint of clustering error and runtime. Experiments carried out using an open hyperspectral scene have shown the advantages of the proposed technique.
Development of Software for the Implementation of an Adaptive Approach to the Generation of Internal Filling of a 3D Model in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Kholodilov A A , Faleeva E V , Kholodilova M V
Published: November 2021

The article describes the technology of software development for the implementation of an adaptive approach to generating the external and internal structure of a 3D model in preparation for 3D printing when transferring from *.stl format to * g.code format. The main stages of software design, the principles of mathematical modeling underlying the development are considered, the practical significance of the developed software complex-slicer is shown with a description of the functionality and conceptual development.
Investigation of the Mathematical and Software Implementation of Triangulation Mesh Generation Algorithms in Relation to the Creation of a Slicer Program
Authors: Kholodilov A A , Faleeva E V , Kholodilova M V
Published: November 2021

The article discusses an algorithmic method for increasing the strength characteristics of products produced by additive manufacturing technologies through thickening the internal grid structure of filling the model when transferring to the control code during the operation of the slicer program. It shows the internal filling using the Voronoi grid and the "Exhaustion Algorithm" for the implementation of the internal filling of the threedimensional model in the process of the slicer program.
Application of Optimal Kalman Filter to Improve the Accuracy of Aircraft Wing Vibration Parameters Measurement System
Authors: Afonin A A , Sulakov A S , Maamo M S
Published: November 2021

This paper discusses the advantages of constructing a vibration parameters measurement system of an aircraft wing using mems IMUs. In addition to mems IMUs, the system makes use of displacement sensor and navigation system as secondary measurements, along with the optimal Kalman filter estimation. The basic principles of system operation are described. The main algorithms of the system and its errors mathematical model are presented. The results of simulation are presented, demonstrating the expected measurement accuracy of the system as a whole.
Improving Reliability of Smart Transport Systems
Authors: Goloskokov K , Korotkov V , Marley V , Knysh T
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the key improvement methods for smart transport system reliability and quality. The authors claim that the improvement of reliability and quality of information systems including smart transport systems is linked to the problem of improving the redundancy and structural complexity of systems. They suggest using the incomplete functional redundancy method to improve the reliability and quality of operation for multifunctional smart transport systems. This method is deemed promising because it facilitates the efficient use of the technical means of smart transport systems.
Unmanned Navigation Development Prospects Based on Structural Analysis of Automated Vessel Control System
Authors: Danilin G V , Sokolov S S , Knysh T P , Singh Dr. Vijendra
Published: November 2021

The reduction of vessel crew counts and increased automation have been observed in marine and river vessels for several decades. These processes are based, firstly, on the development of modern technology and, secondly, on the urge to reduce the so-called human factor, which is recognized today as one of the key causes of water transport emergencies. It is expected that unmanned navigation will help reduce operational costs, increase the carrying capacity of vessels, and reduce the impact of the human factor on the safety of navigation. This, in its turn, requires the development of a reliable and safe automated control system for unmanned vessels. This article aims to assess the development prospects of unmanned navigation based on the structural analysis of such systems. In the first part of this article, the authors review the classification of control systems depending on the degree of vessel autonomy and the generalized structure of the unmanned vessel control system. In the second part, the authors review the control system structure for a remote-control unmanned vessel and that for an autonomous unmanned vessel.
PPG System Development for the Organism Physiological Parameters Monitoring with Artificial Intelligence Technologies
Authors: Akishin A D , Nikolaev A P , Pisareva A V
Published: November 2021

Monitoring such health parameters as cardiac rate (CR), respiration rate (RR), blood pressure (BP), degree of oxygen in blood (SpO2), body temperature and other requires careful approach to design and development of medical devices. New non-invasive methods introduced in measuring human physiological parameters based on photoplethysmography (PPG) demonstrated their significant potential in monitoring the state of an organism, but their use in wearable devices is largely hampered by exposure to motion artifacts. This article presents a device for photoplethysmographic studies using various adaptive algorithms for processing the registered signals. The work uses artificial intelligence technologies to monitor the heart rate exposed to external mechanical and electrical interference worsening accuracy characteristics of the system. Besides, system architecture was developed, and a device model was manufactured, which made it possible to measure the optimal algorithm for digital signal processing. When using the PPG system, methods of adaptive signal processing based on Wiener filters, filters on the method of least squares (MLS) and Kalman filtering were used. To ensure heart rate monitoring with the given accuracy, studies were performed with participation of volunteers, and analysis was carried out of the results of various signal processing algorithms operation. In the course of experimental studies, a method was proposed to estimate the heart rate calculation accuracy and to analyze the external noise filtering efficiency by adaptive algorithms. PPG designed and developed system made it possible to monitor the heart rate with the given accuracy, control the organism current state and could be used as a means of cardiovascular disease diagnostics.
Comparative Analysis of Intellectual Methods for Muscular Contraction Interpretation for Gesture Interface Implementation
Authors: Bunyaeva E V , Kuznetsov I V , Ponomarchuk Y V , Timosh P S
Published: November 2021

The paper considers comparative analysis results of the machine learning methods used for the gesture recognition based on the surface single-channel electromyography (sEMG) data. The data were processed using multilayer perceptron, support vector machine, decision tree ensemble (Random Forest) and logistic regression for the chosen four gesture types. The conclusion was derived on the analysis efficiency of these methods using commonly recommended accuracy metrics.