bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lived Experiences of Filipino Soldiers on Combat Deployment that Resulted in Enemy Casualties
Authors: S. Dean Mary Joy , C. Mangahas Vann Nathaniel , T. Rungduin Dr. Teresita
Published: June 2024

This paper is a qualitative phenomenological study that explores the lived experiences of Filipino Soldiers on combat deployment that resulted in enemy casualties. Five (5) Filipino Soldiers who have experienced combat deployment that resulted in enemy casualties participated in this study. The present study adopted the phenomenological data analysis of Creswell (2014) to analyze the participants' responses. The findings revealed that the participants' perspectives about killing changed when they became soldiers. The participants experienced two types of encounters– intentional and accidental, with the enemies during the experience of the phenomenon. This study also revealed the psychological and emotional effects of combat deployment that resulted in enemy casualties to the participants and the coping strategies they used to deal with it. The psychological support that they received was also explored in this study. However, the participants gave contrasting answers regarding the support they receive; two out of five participants stated that they do not receive psychological support. Lastly, the study identified the personal definition of killing in combat to the participants, whereas they view it as a sport, a sacrifice, and a necessity.
The dynamics of hybrid-immune and immunodeficient susceptible individuals and the three stages of COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Nwaibeh E. A. , Ali M. K. M. , Adewole M. O.
Published: June 2024

The World Health Organization has disclosed that the hybrid-immune and immunodeficient individuals are two distinct classes of individuals susceptible to the COVID-19 virus. To model this unique characteristics of two distinct categories of susceptible individuals and the dynamics of the three phases of a vaccination program implemented by the World Health Organization in Malaysia, which have not been accounted for in previous studies, a twelve compartmental SSVEIHQR-D epidemiological model was developed. This model aimed to accurately capture the spread of the COVID-19 virus by fitting real-life  data to the model and obtaining updated estimates of the reproduction number. The study also focused on assessing current control measures and exploring strategies to eradicate the virus and mitigate future outbreaks. Mathematical analyses of the model included investigations into stability, equilibrium points, the basic reproduction number R0, optimal control strategies, and sensitivity analyses. Estimation and fitting of the model parameters were conducted using daily situation reports from the Ministry of Health of Malaysia. The obtained value of the basic reproduction number, based on fitted parameter values, indicated stability and reflected the current pandemic situation more realistically. Additionally, the herd immunity threshold was calculated and interpreted in the context of the study findings. Finally, practical insights and recommendations derived from the model’s results were provided to inform government agencies, public health organizations, and intervention bodies, aimed at controlling the spread of the COVID-19 virus.
Endeudamiento empresarial y COVID-19: un estudio de la estrategia financiera de las empresas comerciales del cantón La Maná
Authors: Bravo Mera Shirley Estefania , Carranza Moyano María Emilia , Ulloa Méndez Carmen Isabel , Moreno Tapia Lucía Margoth
Published: June 2024

Las empresas del cantón la Maná se vieron obligadas a reevaluar y ajustar sus estrategias financieras para mantener la liquidez y preservar su posición en el mercado, para lo cual implementaron medidas para optimizar sus flujos de efectivo, buscando fuentes alternativas de financiamiento. Por lo que el objetivo generar es analizar de qué manera el nivel de endeudamiento de las empresas en el cantón La Maná ha influido en su sostenibilidad durante la crisis derivada de la pandemia del covid-19, específicamente en el contexto de la emergencia sanitaria. Para lo cual se empleó un enfoque cualitativo, por medio del método de correlación entre los indicadores de endeudamiento, liquidez y rentabilidad, mediante el diseño no experimental. El resultado fue que la correlación negativa baja entre el endeudamiento y el margen neto, con un coeficiente de -0.394, sugiere una asociación débil pero negativa entre el endeudamiento y la rentabilidad neta. Concluyendo que las empresas aunque sus correlaciones son bajas podrían recurrir al endeudamiento como parte de una estrategia más amplia para fortalecer su base financiera y respaldar proyectos de expansión.
A importância da Fisioterapia no acompanhamento de pacientes diagnosticados com câncer de cabeça e pescoço em Cuidados Paliativos, pelo agravo do tabagismo.
Authors: Joao Michele , Borghi Luciana
Published: June 2024

O câncer é um conjunto de doenças que tem em comum a proliferaçãodescontrolada de células anormais. O câncer de cabeça e pescoço corresponde um grandenúmero de neoplasias com diferentes características histológicas. O tabagismo é o principalfator de risco para este câncer. A Fisioterapia em oncologia foi reconhecida somente em 2009pela Associação Brasileira de Fisioterapia em Oncologia. Cuidados Paliativos são os cuidadosholísticos ativos de indivíduos de todas as idades com graves sofrimentos relacionados àsaúde devido a doenças graves e, especialmente, daqueles que estão perto do fim de vida.
Estimation of Opportunities for Trafficking in Persons: Analysis of Podes 2021 Data for Sanggau and Pontianak Regions in the Framework of Strengthening National Resilience
Authors: Tampubolon Hardika Mayline , Chotib Chotib , Daryanto Eko
Published: June 2024

The relocation of the capital of the Republic of Indonesia (IKN) to East Kalimantan was chosen by the government due to its proximity to Balikpapan and Samarinda, water resources, and extensive plains with minimal risk of natural disasters, along with available government land for development. However, this plan has sparked various debates regarding its impact on urbanization, spatial planning, infrastructure provision, as well as the potential marginalization of local communities and social conflicts. From the perspective of national resilience, this study aims to identify human trafficking opportunities in Sanggau Regency and Pontianak City using a quantitative approach. The findings reveal that the presence of foreign nationals (WNAs) and the dominance of the tertiary employment sector significantly influence the level of human trafficking. These results underscore the necessity for a comprehensive national resilience strategy to prevent human trafficking and support the establishment of a new capital city in East Kalimantan.
Empirical Study of the Occurrence of Domestic Violence in Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Sucipto Dri , Sukmana Oman , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Nova Vivian
Published: June 2024

The smallest social unit in society is the household or family, and this has a significant impact on the personality development of each family member and the way they interact with other people. The aim of this research is to identify the causes and various forms of domestic violence in Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. and Factors influencing the occurrence of domestic violence in Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. This research uses empirical methodology, with data sourced from literature reviews and field investigations. The research was conducted in Central Sulawesi Province, in Banggai Regency. collecting information in the field through field work, interviews and observations. After that, qualitative descriptive analysis was used to test the data. Research findings show that in Banggai district, Central Sulawesi Province, there are very frequent cases of domestic violence where the victims are generally women. In addition, a number of laws and regulations have been enacted to protect women who are victims of domestic violence. Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence is one of the legal regulations that specifically regulates domestic violence. However, the many laws and regulations governing women's safety do not adequately consider women's needs to protect them from crimes involving domestic violence. Economic problems, social media, adultery and drug use are key variables that influence the incidence of domestic violence. So it is hoped that the government, police and society can work together to combat acts of domestic violence in order to minimize physical, psychological and sexual domestic crimes and create a harmonious household environment.
Peran Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Dalam Menegakkan Prinsip Kepentingan Umum
Authors: Seipul Seipul , Fadel Adepio Muhammad , Urifianto Ardhan Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Negara dalam menjalankan fungsi dan kewajibannya sering kali mengeluarkan kebijakan atau keputusan yang berdampak langsung kepada masyarakat. Keputusan tersebut tidak selalu sejalan dengan kepentingan umum, sehingga dapat menimbulkan sengketa antara negara dengan individu atau badan hukum lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi peran Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN) dalam mengimplementasikan prinsip kepentingan umum dalam hukum administrasi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi literatur. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis melalui tiga tahapan, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil Riset menunjukan bahwa peran Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN) dalam menegakkan prinsip kepentingan umum adalah sebagai lembaga yang berfungsi sebagai pengawas yudisial terhadap pemerintah. Dalam proses ini, PTUN berperan sebagai penegak hukum yang independen dan imparsial, serta sebagai pengadilan yang menegakkan keadilan dan mengayoman hukum. PTUN berfungsi untuk mewujudkan pemerintah yang baik dan mengawasi pelaksanaan tugas dan tingkah laku pejabat tata usaha negara. Sehingga, PTUN memainkan peran penting dalam menegakkan prinsip kepentingan umum, yaitu kepentingan warganegara dan kepentingan negara, serta mewujudkan pemerintah yang baik dan transparan.
Pelatihan Strategi Pemasaran untuk Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah Binaan Kantor Walikota Jakarta Utara
Authors: Setianingsih Rita Eka , Sandra Amelia , Arfianti Rizka Indri
Published: June 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the government and society. Many business actors have experienced a decrease in sales turnover. This pandemic requires MSME owners to be able to think strategically and dynamically to maintain the business that has been built. MSMEs face a variety of challenges, including ideas, administration, marketing, and money. Administration and marketing concerns are still the key challenges in growing a firm because understanding in these areas is still relatively poor. A good strategy is needed to keep them afloat and increase their revenue turnover. The Indonesian government has tried to make several policies to strengthen MSMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic. For example, During the Covid-19 epidemic, the provision of social aid, tax incentives, and working capital growth all have an impact on MSMEs' development. Marketing strategy is one technique to gain a sustained competitive edge, whether for a company that manufactures goods or services. There are several marketing strategies that can be done to overcome the problems that occur. MSME players are able to survive the pandemic by maximizing sales in the online market. Empowering MSME players in the products that are most needed during the pandemic is necessary for empowering the community of MSME players to test the online market. MSMEs must strive to adopt various digital technologies to overcome this crisis. For this reason, this training is expected to help MSME owners assisted by the North Jakarta Mayor's Office develop and improve their businesses.
A Case Study of Spontaneous Category Formation and Behavioral Expression in a Language-Trained Steller Sea Lion Eumetopias jubatus
Authors: Sasaki Masahiro , Kambara Toshimune
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the responses of Steller sea lions to two consecutive commands. We conducted this study on one same subject, Hama, as a continuation of Sasaki et al. (2022), which examined whether the Steller sea lion can discriminate human vocal commands. In Sasaki et al. (2022), commands were presented individually to examine the accuracy rate for each command. In the present study, we observed how Hama responded to the rapid presentation of two consecutive commands. The commands were presented in 20 different orders and combinations as 20 command combination patterns using five different commands. The results showed that Hama responded to 12 command combination patterns by performing behaviors corresponding to two consecutive commands. Hama performed the two behaviors in sequence in 8 of the 12 command combination patterns. The responses to the other four command combination patterns were combined single behaviors that combined the behaviors indicated by the two consecutive commands and that were already connected to different single commands. Although the combined single behaviors were not simple combinations of behaviors induced by the two consecutive commands, the combined single behaviors included the common body parts (e.g., fore flippers) or common action types (e.g., rotation) of behaviors induced by each command in the two consecutive commands. These results not only indicate that Hama could understand multiple linguistic information, but also suggest the possibility that Hama spontaneously formed categories based on the learned commands. 
PENGARUH MODAL DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA USAHA DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA WIRAUSAHA WANITA PASCA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Irfan Gina Mariani , Sembiring Edison C , Sukamdani Nugroho B
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh modal terhadap kinerja bisnis, motivasi terhadap kinerja bisnis, produktivitas terhadap kinerja bisnis, motivasi terhadap produktivitas bisnis, dan produktivitas terhadap kinerja bisnis. Pendekatan kuantitatif dalam penelitian ini didasarkan pada studi literatur dan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif dan eksplanatori. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa modal mempengaruhi kinerja bisnis. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan modal akan meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan. Kedua, kinerja bisnis dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh motivasi. Artinya, meningkatnya motivasi akan semakin meningkatkan kinerja bisnis. Ketiga, modal mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produktivitas. Akibatnya, peningkatan modal akan mengakibatkan peningkatan produktivitas. Keempat, produktivitas dipengaruhi secara signifikan dan positif oleh motivasi. Akibatnya, produktivitas akan meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya motivasi. Kelima, kinerja bisnis sangat dipengaruhi oleh produktivitas. Akibatnya, peningkatan produktivitas akan meningkatkan kinerja bisnis.
Eliminating the Criterion of Intent (mens rea, dolus specialis) for Proof of Genocide is Essential to a New Jus Gentium: Israel’s Military Operations in Gaza 2023-2024
Authors:   North South University, Swazo Norman K.
Published: June 2024

For proof of genocide, the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (1948) stipulates that a manifested or reasonably inferred intent (mens rea, dolus specialis) to destroy a group as such is essential. In the absence of proof of intent, any atrocities committed in armed conflict can be deemed, at most, crimes against humanity or war crimes. Despite technological enhancements of military operations that have altered the destructive capacity of armed forces, the criterion of intent remains a high bar to speedy judicial review and judgment in both the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the International Criminal Court (ICC). In consequence, wanton death and destruction continue unabated in armed conflicts. Furthermore, all too often there is no mitigating intervention authorized by the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) in situations of alleged genocide, usually because of the exercise of the veto from a permanent member (the USA, Russian Federation, China, the UK, and France). The question arises, therefore, whether it is not past time to revise the Convention for the express purpose of eliminating the criterion of intent entirely. Eliminating the criterion of mens rea would allow petitioners to the Courts to submit only the evidence of genocidal acts (actus reus). It is argued here that this revision is in the interest of international peace and security and, thereby, international justice, i.e., a new jus gentium (law of nations, law of peoples). Keywords: Genocide Convention; mens rea; Kantian deontology; universal law; jus gentium; Israeli-Palestinian conflict
Menata Ruang dan Teknologi: Memahami Peran Sarana dan Prasarana Kantor dalam Mendukung Efektivitas Kerja Karyawan
Authors: Aprianti Dilla , Putri Widya
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sarana dan prasarana yang berada di CV. Teknik Sinar Perkasa, Sarana dan prasarana di CV. Teknik Sinar Perkasa terbilang cukup memadai didukung hasil penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, di mana permasalahan dan data yang ditemukan kemudian dianalisis. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pemilik perusahaan CV. Teknik Sinar Perkasa. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan efektivitas kerja yang baik karena adanya peran sarana dan prasarana yang menunjang pekerjaan di kantor. Pada perusahaan CV. Teknik Sinar Perkasa, sarana dan prasarana yang disediakan cukup memadai akan tetapi kurangnya pemeliharaan dan perawatan sarana menjadi hal yang harus perusahaan perhatikan. Sarana dan prasarana di kantor dibutuhkan oleh karyawan untuk proses penyelesaian tugas dan pekerjaan kantor. Sarana dan prasarana kantor yang memadai dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan karyawan dapat mendukung efektivitas kerja karyawan.
Merancang Lingkungan Kerja yang Baik: Meningkatkan Kinerja Melalui Tata Ruang Kantor yang Baik pada PT. Ebiz Prima Nusa
Authors: Sabrina Sarah , Dinah Syafi'ah
Published: June 2024

Artikel ini membahas pentingnya merancang lingkungan kerja yang baik untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan melalui tata ruang kantor yang optimal, dengan studi kasus pada PT. Ebiz Prima Nusa. Artikel ini dimulai dengan pendahuluan tentang peran sumber daya manusia dan lingkungan kerja dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan. Dilanjutkan dengan tinjauan teoritis mengenai konsep kantor, tata ruang kantor, dan kinerja karyawan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi (pengamatan), dan dokumentasi. Hasil diskusi menyoroti tentang jenis-jenis tata ruang kantor, penataan ruang kantor, serta kendala yang ditemui seperti kurangnya privasi untuk pimpinan, pencahayaan yang kurang, kabel terminal yang berantakan, dan gangguan suara dari luar di PT. Ebiz Prima Nusa. Kesimpulannya, merancang lingkungan kerja yang baik melalui tata ruang kantor yang optimal dapat meningkatkan kinerja karyawan.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Diskusi Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas X dalam Materi Energi
Authors: Alimuddin Muhammad Ichsan Rafi , Syafi'ah Revalina Zulfalhutfi , Nugraha Muhammad Lazuardi Oktario , Prabowo Raihan Muflikh
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas metode pembelajaran berbasis diskusi dalam meningkatkan pemahaman dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi energi dalam fisika. Dilakukan di MAN 1 Surakarta dengan subjek 4 siswa kelas X perempuan. Pre-test menunjukkan rata-rata nilai 40,25, meningkat menjadi 70,0 setelah penerapan metode diskusi. Respons siswa terhadap metode ini positif. Metode diskusi memungkinkan siswa untuk berbagi pengetahuan dan mengidentifikasi berbagai kemungkinan, serta mendorong keterlibatan aktif dalam pembelajaran. Hasil post-test menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman konsep. Metode ini memberikan solusi bagi siswa yang mengalami kesulitan belajar serta meningkatkan hasil belajar dalam fisika. Metode diskusi efektif dalam mengatasi tantangan dalam pembelajaran fisika, memungkinkan siswa untuk bertukar ide, memperdebatkan perspektif, dan membangun pemahaman yang mendalam tentang materi. Kesimpulannya, metode pembelajaran berbasis diskusi bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dan minat mereka terhadap fisika.
Dampak-Dampak yang terjadi Akibat Disregulasi Emosi pada Remaja Akhir: Kajian Sistematik
Authors: Pamungkas Dimas Satrio , Sumardiko Dinda Nimas Yulidatama , Makassar Ereine Filita
Published: June 2024

Artikel ini memuat hasil kajian literatur dari berbagai artikel yang terbit pada tahun 2019 sampai 2024, dengan fokus kajian mengenai dampak dari buruknya regulasi emosi pada remaja akhir, yaitu individu dengan rentang usia sekitar 18-22 tahun. Proses kajian literatur dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan database nasional dan internasional, seperti Research Rabbit dan Google Scholar. Artikel-artikel yang digunakan merupakan hasil dari proses seleksi melalui berbagai database dengan menggunakan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Hasil analisis dari kajian literatur secara sistematis ini menghasilkan 8 artikel terpilih yang dapat menunjukkan bahwa dampak dari buruknya regulasi emosi pada remaja usia akhir meliputi: (1) perilaku menyakiti diri sendiri, (2) perilaku agresif, (3) dampak negatif pada psikososial, (4) stres akademik, (5) problematic internet use (PIU), (6) adiksi media sosial, dan (7) perilaku bunuh diri.
The Identity Crisis among Peoples from Mixed Parents from Countries under in Inter-States Conflicts: Case of Rwanda, D.R. Congo and Burundi
Authors:   Faculty of social science master program of psychomotricity-Pstcho-trauma and lecturer at Université Anglican de Bukavu (DRC), PsyD (Doctorate of Psychology at GIBU-USA)., Dieudonné Safari , Alice Cyuzuzo ,   Midwife at Kibirizi Hospital and College Saint Bernard Kansi as midwife teacher, south province of Rwanda, Twahirwa, PhD. Mathias ,   Faculty Dean at Kibogora Polytechnic, western Province of Rwanda
Published: June 2024

The study was carried out by 5 mixed- people living in Burundi, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo, within the framework of guided interview seminars, in order to analyze the construction of mixed-ethics people in the context of identity conflicts due to ethnic or cultural conflicts, otherwise known as “ethnocultural conflicts”. Mestizos are a minority in the states where we live, and are considered problematic in the various societies of Africa’s Great Lakes region country. My fieldwork revealed that mixed-ethnic people in these three countries are victims of several atrocities, including ethnic marginalization, nepotism, socio-political demonization and economic discrimination. In this context, I have attempted to identify the main actors involved in identity conflicts among mixed-ethic people, and to propose a perspective of dialogue as a solution to the situations of the mixed-ethnic people mentioned above. On this basis, a number of recommendations have been put forward to reinforce the hope of positive action at regional level for the promotion of peace and lasting stability, particularly for mixed people who are increasingly victims of appearance status at UN level.
Effect of Stretching Exercise on Reducing Musculoskeletal Disorders for Administration Staff at Hospital
Authors:   Public Health Department, Health Faculty, Immanuel Institute of Health, Jl. Kopo 161 Bandung West Java, Indonesia 40234, Yogisutanti Gurdani , Firmansyah Riki Bagja ,   Public Health Department, Health Faculty, Immanuel Institute of Health, Jl. Kopo 161 Bandung West Java, Indonesia 40234 & Rotinsulu Pulmonary Hospital Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, Jl. Bukit Jarian No.40, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, 40141, Fuadah Fahmi ,   Public Health Department, Health Faculty, Immanuel Institute of Health, Jl. Kopo 161 Bandung West Java, Indonesia 40234
Published: June 2024

Administrative staff worked with static body posture and repetitive work for more than eight hours a day. They were experiencing musculoskeletal disorders as a risk of using workstation and their posture at work. It is important to reduce the risk of injury caused by their working risks. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of stretching on the reduction of musculoskeletal disorders. This research used quasi-experiment approach with one group pre-test post-test only design. The number of research respondents was 60 employees taken by purposive sampling at Lung Hospital Bandung. Musculoskeletal disorders measured using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire before and after interventions. Stretching was giving to employees every day for 3 weeks simultaneously. The result shows majority of respondents were female, 33 respondents (55%), as many as 54 respondents (66.7%) were 24-30 years old. Most of respondents have BMI in obese level as may as 31 respondents (51.7%). Respondents who have worked for more than 2 years were 43 respondents (71.7%). Before the intervention, as many respondents experienced low complaints (86.7%). After the intervention, all respondents had decreaced in complaints become the low category (p=0,001). Recommendation for hospital was to carry out stretching exercise to prevent MSDs for administrative workers.
Optimization of Annealing Temperature and Primer Concentration for Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isoniazid Resistance Real-Time PCR Method
Authors:   Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia, Widyastutie Nurina , Merdekawati Fusvita ,   Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia, Tantan H Acep ,   PT Bio Farma, Bandung, Indonesia, Rismiarti Zuri ,   Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia, Nurhayati Betty ,   Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

Indonesia has the second highest number of TB cases in the world according to the WHO report in 2022. Eradication of the National TB Program is difficult due to the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. Tb) bacteria that are resistant to various anti-tuberculosis drugs (OAT) known as Multidrug- Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Therefor, currently, a nucleic acid-based diagnostic kit has been developed that is designed to directly detect the presence of resistance to INH with mutations of the KatG gene codon 315 (S315T, S315N, S315I, S315R, S315G, R463L) and rifampicin sensitive M. Tb using the Real-Time PCR method. PCR components that are important for development include annealing temperature and primer concentration. This study aims to determine the optimum annealing temperature and primer concentration. The type of research is the Quasi Experiment. The treatment in this study is by adding each primer that varies in concentration, namely 200nM-400nM while varying the annealing temperature with a range of 52-62°C according to the Tm of each primer. The data obtained from this research are Ct values ​​from the target genes S315T, S315N, S315I, S315R, S315G, R463L and M. Tb Rifampicin sensitive.
Big Data Analytics in Healthcare: Transforming Information into Actionable Insights
Authors:   USA, Tak Ankur
Published: June 2024

This study investigates how enormous information examination can reform the medical care industry, with a specific accentuation on how it can transform a lot of medical care information into helpful experiences. Using Jupyter Note pad, a popular intelligent processing instrument, the review utilized information mining techniques to gather critical turns of events and examples from enormous scope clinical datasets. Enormous information examination has a ton of potential to further develop direction, distribute assets ideally, and at last work on quiet results in the medical care industry. The primary part of the report portrays the rising sum and intricacy in clinical information, featuring the need for refined scientific methods to remove significant experiences from this enormous measure of information. Jupyter Note pad gives a broad stage that can be utilized to apply various information examination procedures, permitting scientists to actually look at, break down, and decipher clinical information. The review delineates the commitment of huge measures of information in anticipating ailment designs, distinguishing risk factors, and tweaking treatment procedures with the utilization of factual methods and AI Calculations. The concentrate likewise investigates how medical services partners, like executives, policymakers, and doctors, might be affected by these commonsense experiences. The outcomes feature how large information examination may essentially further develop proof based direction, asset productivity, and the improvement of an information driven care biological system. The consolidation of Jupyter Journals into the insightful cycle works on the investigation’s straightforwardness and reproducibility, ensuring the precision of the ends drawn from it. The current review presumes that large information examination, empowered by Jupyter Journal, assumes a basic part in delivering the progressive force of medical services information and sending off another period of very much educated direction and improved patient consideration.
A Study of Prevalence of Anxiety in Patients with Cardiac Disorders
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Guntur, AP, Chinta Mounika , Kumar Kota Suresh ,   Hod & Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Guntur, AP
Published: June 2024

Background: Anxiety is commonly experienced among patients with cardiovascular disease. Psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety, represent an additional risk for cardiovascular disease besides contributing to impaired functions. To date, depression has received the most attention in the population, given its high prevalence and association with poor cardiac health, especially in patients who have experienced a major cardiac event, such as an Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). However, anxiety has recently emerged as another important psychological construct that is highly prevalent, frequently co-occurs with depression and impedes response to depression treatment, and may ultimately influence the course of cardiovascular disease independent of depression. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of anxiety among patients diagnosed with cardiac disorders. Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 100 cardiac patients. A self-designed semi structured questionnaire consisting of demographic details, relevant cardiac and psychiatric history and General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale was used. The obtained data was entered in MSexcel and analysed using SPSS software. Results: 43% patients were recognised to have anxiety. Among them 21% had mild anxiety, 12% had moderate anxiety and 10% had severe anxiety. A significant association of 0.002 was found in females having cardiac illness. A significant association of 0.043 was found between coronary artery disease and anxiety. Conclusion: These analyses confirm that anxiety is associated in patients with cardiac disorders; however, this relationship is not as strong as that of depression and may be explained partly by other clinical factors
The Application of Deep Learning Methods in the Forecasting and Imputation of Solar Irradiance Data
Authors: Ramsamooj Neil , Davis Joshua
Published: June 2024

Accurate solar radiation forecasts are necessary for solar power plants and local energy grids. Precise solar predictions can optimise plant operations and assist in managing power generation fluctuations. High-quality solar data are required to perform solar forecasting and may be accessed through open databases such as the Baseline Surface Radiation Network. Due to maintenance and malfunctioning equipment, these databases may have missing data. Deep learning methods can extract relevant features and non-linearities in data, which make them suitable for forecasting and imputation tasks. The development of the transformer architecture in 2017 marked an improvement from recurrent sequence processing using RNN (recurrent neural net) architectures to parallel sequence handling using self-attention mechanisms. Previous deep learning irradiance forecasting models utilised a RNN or RNN extension architecture. This paper presents novel applications of Transformer models to solar imputation and forecasting. Two deep learning architectures – Transformer and SAITS (Self-Attention-based Imputation for Time Series) – were trained to impute time series of global horizontal irradiance. Additionally, a Temporal Fusion Transformer (TFT) deep learning architecture was trained to forecast future values of global horizontal irradiance time series. Feature concatenation allows for the combination of differing exogenous variables into a single input vector for a deep learning solar forecasting model. Previous solar forecasting models do not incorporate cloud data or otherwise utilise an exogenous simple categorical mask to indicate cloud cover. In this paper, GOES-16 cloud optical depth and particle size datasets provide an improved representation of cloud properties. Classical imputation and forecasting models were also developed and used as baselines for comparison with deep learning models. The models were evaluated using standard statistical metrics for time series. It was found that the deep learning TFT forecasting model produced better forecasts than the classical regression model. However, the classical KNN imputer performed better than the two deep learning imputation models.
School Rainwater Harvesting Decision Support Tool
Authors: Gibberd Jeremy
Published: June 2024

Climate change has meant that many schools in hot and dry areas are increasingly experiencing water shortages. This can affect the health of students and teachers, disrupt education and in the worst case, lead to school closures. Rainwater harvesting can help address water shortages by providing a safe alternative source of water. However, there is limited guidance on how rainwater harvesting systems can be applied to schools resulting in schools not being aware of the potential of rainwater harvesting systems. There is a need, therefore, for a simple tool that can be used by schools to understand rainwater harvesting systems. This study aims to address this gap by developing and testing a simple modelling tool called the School Water and Rainwater Use Modeller (SWARUM). The tool is presented and applied to case study schools in water-scarce areas of Southern Africa and the findings are critically evaluated. The study finds that the modeller can be used to support decision-making about rainwater harvesting systems at schools and makes recommendations for the improvement of the tool.
Analisis Kedisiplinan Waktu Kerja Karyawan pada Rumah Sakit XYZ
Authors: Lestari Endang Dwi , Baskoro Heru
Published: June 2024

Employee work time discipline has a vital role in maintaining operational efficiency and service quality in hospitals. This research aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of employee working time discipline at XYZ Hospital. Qualitative research methods were used to collect data through in-depth interviews with employees from various divisions in the hospital. The qualitative data was then analyzed thematically to identify patterns, themes and conclusions related to work time discipline. Data analysis was carried out to identify factors that influence work time discipline and their impact on operational efficiency and service quality. It is hoped that the findings of this research will provide valuable insights for hospital management in improving employee working time management and improving operational efficiency. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of employee working time discipline in hospitals, as well as providing a basis for the development of more effective strategies for working time management in healthcare environments.
Moderating the Role of Trade Openness on Foreign Portfolio Investment and Economic Growth among East Africa Community Countries
Authors: Litali Victoria , Opuodho Gordon , Fatoki Olanrewaju
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of foreign portfolio investment (FPI) on economic growth in East Africa using panel data for Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi from 1974-2022.
Methodology: The analysis employs a panel vector error correction model to estimate the short and long-run effects of FPI on growth. The study relied on secondary data sources for the period 1974-2022 with an annual frequency, implying 49 years of data. Data on foreign investment variables and macroeconomic control variables were sourced from the World Bank database, National Statistical Bureaus, Central Banks, and Stock Exchanges of the respective countries.
Findings: The results indicate that FPI significantly positively impacts economic growth in East Africa. A 1% increase in FPI inflows as a share of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) boosts annual real GDP growth by approximately 10.7% in the long run. The findings are robust to the inclusion of moderating variables like trade openness.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The empirical analysis aimed to validate the Modern Portfolio Theory by examining if greater foreign portfolio investment flows contributed positively to economic growth in the East African region. The results lend support to policy efforts in East Africa to attract greater FPI through capital market reforms, regional integration, and macroeconomic stability. However, further developing financial markets and enhancing absorptive capacity is essential to leverage FPI more effectively for sustainable growth financing.
Intravitreal Injections of Bevacizumab (Avastin); which Dose is Recommended?
Authors: Yasmena Abdulhadi  , Bahjah Abdulhamid Esehiyb
Published: June 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate the fast improvement, effectiveness & safety of intravitreal injections bevacizumab (Avastin), in different doses, for treating diabetic macular edema (DME). Eyes of 80 patients with diabetic macular edema were randomized and planned to receive three consecutive monthly intravitreal injections of 1.25 mg or 2.5 mg bevacizumab (forty patients for each group). Patients were observed for 4 weeks after 1st injection and the changes in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) and adverse events were compared between both groups. CMT was significantly reduced in both groups (P < 0.013). Significant improvements between baseline and 2weeks to 4weeks in the 2.5 mg group, were mean decrease in CMT was 318 t0 182(P<.001), mean BCVA is 0.16 improve to 0.7 and P value 0.001. Intraocular pressure (IOP)measurements post intravitreal (IV) bevacizumab injection was not raised its statistically significant (P < 0.001). CMT improvement with a dose of intravitreal IV injection 2.5 mg is promising a rapid safe effective response for treating DME without any ocular or systemic side effects but Follow-up is still short to make any specific treatment recommendations.
WHY EFFECTIVE INTERGOVERNMENTAL GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS ARE IMPORTANT BEYOND 2024
Authors: KARSTEN Andreas SJ , Van Der BANK Marjoné
Published: June 2024

The relevance of local governments is frequently defended based on municipalities’ novel
contribution towards the promotion of democratisation and also the intensification of community
participation in decision-making due to its close proximity to its citizens. However, the departing premise
hereto is also that the realisation of a democratic and accountable government likewise depends on the
degree of functionality of every municipal council. Volatility in governance structures like councils can
therefore adversely compromise democratic and accountable governance, for example in cases of hung
councils. In recent years, local coalition governments have been seen more frequently, partly due to the
number of hang councils in South Africa. This can indirectly be attributed to the decline of support of the
current ruling party in the Republic and, equally, the inability of other parties to obtain a clear majority
during local government elections (Netswera & Khumalo 2022:1). This article investigates the effectiveness
of national and provincial mechanisms strengthening an accountable and democratic local government
Premier, Gauteng and Others v Democratic Alliance and Others matter. Through the doctrinal legal
research, the authors used an analysis of primary sources on South African local government legislation and
the impact the Premier, Gauteng and Others v Democratic Alliance and Others; All Tshwane Councillors
who are Members of the Economic Freedom Fighters and Another v Democratic Alliance and Others;
African National Congress v Democratic Alliance and Others (CCT 82/20; CCT 91/20) [2021] ZACC 34;
2021 (12) BCLR 1406 (CC); 2022 (1) SA 16 (CC) (4 October 2021) case have on hung councils. The research
benefitted from secondary sources such as research reports, publications, journal articles and books. It
follows that successful coalition councils are founded on the principles of cooperation and trust. Therefore,
interventions as solitary intergovernmental mechanisms cannot remedy accountability and governance
failures in municipalities, caused by coalition fallouts. Still, when a break between coalition partners ensues,
accountable governance suffers because of the resulting volatility caused by the political standoff. The
intergovernmental governance mechanisms, in isolation, are ineffective in sustaining and ensuring an
accountable and democratic local government. Whereas, coalitions governments are the primary cause of
volatility and dysfunctionality in municipalities, it remains the responsibility of coalitions to step up and
execute their constitutional obligations as responsible executive actors in the local government area, to
ensure accountable governance. In the absence thereof, coalitions must be held liable for the failure to
execute their constitutional responsibilities
THE IMPACT OF PROSOPIS JULIFLORA INVASION ON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN ETHIOPIA
Authors: MOLLAW Demillie
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Prosopis-Juliflora invasion on development
in Ethiopia by taking Afar Regional State as Case Study. Prosopis Juliflora has become the most invasive
plant in the Ethiopia. Although the social, economic and environmental impacts of Prosopis in Afar Regional
State has become threatening, both the federal and regional state governments were late to start the practice
of controlling and managing its spread in the region. Data for this study were collected through qualitative
methods like informant interviews, observation, focus group discussions and document analysis. Ninety six
participants were interviewed and eight focus group discussions were conducted. The qualitative dataset was
thematically analyzed through deductive identification of themes. The researcher recommended that both the
federal and regional state governments should give prior concern to the eradication of the invasive plant
before it covered the whole land in the regional state.
ASSESSMENT OF LEADERSHIP AND SERVICE DELIVERY AT LOCAL MUNICIPALITY IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: MOTHOBI Anna , EDOUN Emmanuel , NAIDOO Vinessa
Published: June 2024

Leadership is a very important element for effective service delivery. However, Madibeng Local
Municipality is exposed to excessive corrupted related activities. Information gathered on the ground
revealed that, projects are not completed due to political fighting on the group.. There are no plans in-place
to offer good services. Money is squandered. Top management including the mayor are involved in corrupt
related activities. They are only concerned about their positions, power and money. Projects are not
completely e.g. water treatment and reticulation plant that started in 2015 have not been completed. There
is no monitoring of approved plans, no evaluation of employee’s performance. Plans are not revisited to
ensure implementation. Madibeng leaders are not accountable, responsible and eager to improve service
delivery. They are power hungry, concerned about their personal gain and positions. No projects or approved
plans to improve our situation. Corruption, greed and bribery is at the centre of Madibeng. Madibeng
municipality was put under administration twice recently but there’s no change/ improvement in service
delivery. The mayor is failing the Madibeng community because of lack of effective leadership. Using a
quantitative research approach, the study provides findings of the study that was done in the Madibeng Local
Municipality
MANAGING PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN A VOLATILE ENVIRONMENT IN NIGERIA NORTHEAST ZONE: IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION LEADERS
Authors: OLUJUWON Olutola , PERUMAL Juliet , AMINU AHMED CIROMA
Published: June 2024

School leaders’ effectiveness and conducive learning environment are devoid of threat, fear, and
loss of life and properties enhance the achievement of educational goals with students’ academic
performance. This study aims to determine school leaders’ perceptions and current understanding of
managing schools in a volatile environment and the policies guiding school management in a volatile context.
To gather data, semi-structured interviews with five purposively selected principals in the Northeast of
Nigeria were conducted which were later transcribed and analysed with content analysis. The findings
showed school leaders’ approaches to managing public schools in a volatile environment as there were no
policies in place on school administration in a volatile context. The findings also reveal the inadequacy of
security in schools and the inadequacy of training of security personnel. The study concludes that
stakeholders should put in place appropriate measures to safeguard life and properties.
LEADERSHIP AND ETHICS IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN PUBLIC SECTOR: ETHICAL AND LEADERSHIP CHALLENGES
Authors: SEBOLA MP , MOLOTO A.N. , MAMABOLO M.A.
Published: June 2024

This paper analysis the leadership and ethical challenges facing South African public sector
including municipalities. Generally, the South African public sector is grappling with service delivery
challenges. On top of the public service crisis discourse there is a huge complain about the ethical challenges
facing leadership in all the three spheres of government. The South African government sector has turned
into a haven for bad management. This has resulted to unmet service delivery to residents of South Africa.
This paper is conceptual in approach, and it contends that despite numerous factors affecting service
delivery, one major cause that has been overlooked is the failure of the public sector officials to uphold moral
principles when performing public duties in their offices. The paper conclude that the current South African
sector requires ethically grounded leaders in order to achieve a stable service delivery system compatible
with the South African citizenry and their satisfaction.