bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
North Atlantic Circulation
Authors: Molinari R. , Bryan K. , Schott F.
Published: October 2011

The intensity of the North Atlantic winddriven and thermohaline circulation and the close proximity of many oceanographic installations make the North Atlantic a particularly favored region of the world ocean from the standpoint of research in ocean circulation. Recent increases in available data and advances in numerical modeling techniques served as the impetus to convene a joint workshop of modelers and observers working on the North Atlantic with the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) Working Group (WG) 68 (“North Atlantic Circulation”). Goals of the workshop were to provide an update on data sets and models and to discuss the poleward heat flux problem and possible monitoring strategies. The joint Workshop/SCOR WG‐68 meeting was convened by F. Schott (chairman of the working group; Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, Fla.), K. Bryan (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/ Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (NOAA/GFDL)), and R. Molinari (NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (NOAA/AOML)).
The Atom and the Fault
Authors: Morris Robert H.
Published: October 2011

The reader is provided an interesting perspective of the growing pains, tribulations, and intricate processes of nuclear powerplant siting and licensing. The concepts of scientific truth, honesty, integrity, and objectivity and how these exist among scientific experts is explored through examination of still‐controversial cases such as Bodega Head, Malibu, Diablo Canyon, and Vallecitos. A dilemma evolves that stems from both the variations in the interpretations of geologic features and the differing positions on issues expressed by consulting geologists, U.S. Geological Survey geologists, Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff, and intervenors. Although the author espouses honesty and integrity, an inquisitive reader may find a measure of the author's bias in the examination of “scientific truth” developed during the licensing proceedings.
The 1984 eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii
Authors: Lockwood Jack , Banks Norm , English Tom , Greenland Paul , Jackson Dallas , Johnson Dan , Koyanagi Bob , McGee Ken , Okamura Arnold , Rhodes Mike
Published: October 2011

When Mauna Loa showed signs of unrest in the spring of 1974, this volcano, the largest on earth, had not erupted since 1950. This unrest, marked by increased seismic activity and geodetic changes, led to a small summit eruption in July 1975, a type of eruption which in the past had typically been followed by flank activity within a few years. Based on this historic pattern and on the continuing inflation, a forecast was published that called for a major northeast rift zone eruption “between 2,800 and 3,000 meters elevation… sometime before the summer of 1978” [Lockwood et al, 1976]. The forecast proved correct in all details except for timing, which proved in error by almost 6 years!
[Comment on “Implementing the peer review process for AGU publications”] JGR peer review suggestion
Authors: Baker D. N.
Published: October 2011

I read with considerable interest the letters of P.J. Baum and A.J. Dessler (Eos, October 23, 1984, p. 770) concerning the peer review process in AGU publications. The first point that aroused my attention was the discussion of “distinguished” senior authors. Distinguished in this context presumably has a definition such as “a person who used a napkin, at least once, in the presence of the editor” or a similarly objective basis. Baum noted that only one paper by a distinguished author was rejected during Dessler's editorship. I assume that any editor could make the same claim by simply redefining who is, or is not, distinguished. As a matter of fact, it seems as good a definition as any to label an author as undistinguished if he has had a paper rejected by the Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR).
Accelerator mass spectrometry
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

With accelerator mass spectrometry, one can measure as few as 105 atoms of selected isotopes and achieve elemental detection limits below 1 ppb. During its fall meeting in Chicago, Ill., September 9–13, 1985, the American Chemical Society will sponsor a symposium highlighting scientific results obtained with the method, which is now in its eighth year of active use. Applications to be discussed include trace element measurements, archeology, 14C dating, climatology, chemical oceanography, hydrology, plate tectonics, and extraterrestrial materials.
Yellowstone geophysics and geology
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

On October 25, 1984, the Front Range Branch of AGU sponsored a 1‐day symposium on the Geophysics and Geology of Yellowstone. The symposium was held on the campus of the Colorado School of Mines in Golden, Colo.
Enhanced ionosphere‐magnetosphere data from the DMSP satellites
Authors: Rich Frederick J. , Hardy David D. , Gussenhoven M. Susan
Published: October 2011

The satellites of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) are a series of low‐altitude (835 km) polar‐orbiting satellites. Their primary purpose is to observe the tropospheric weather with a high‐resolution (2.8 km) white light and infrared imaging system. The images of clouds, city lights, and auroras produced in the white light band by the Operational Linescan System (OLS) are well known. For example, Croft [1978] has shown several examples of nighttime images of city lights, oil field fires, auroras (northern or southern lights) and other nocturnal light sources.
NACOA update
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Senate recently authorized funding for the National Advisory Committee on Oceans and Atmosphere (NACOA) as part of a bill (S. 990) that also reauthorizes programs of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Meanwhile, the House of Representatives' Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee recommended to the House Budget and Appropriations Committees that NACOA receive no funding, according to Merchant Marine and Fisheries senior majority staff member Tom Kitsos. If the House passes a bill that provides for NACOA but differs from the Senate's bill, a conference committee between the House and Senate will have to hammer out NACOA's fate.
Solar‐terrestrial event data needed
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) is compiling a new UAG report on the February 16 and April 24, 1984, solarterrestrial events. This data report will describe the developments on the sun that lead to large solar events, the interplanetary conditions as recorded in satellite or groundbased observations, and the resulting phenomena that occurred on the earth (ionospheric or geomagnetic results, cosmic rays, aurora, etc.).
Materials Science of the Earth's Interior
Authors: Sato Motoaki
Published: October 2011

This book is a collection of 31 papers on geologic materials and synthetic analogues formed under the high‐pressure and/or high‐temperature conditions that prevail in the lower crust and the mantle. During the 3‐year period 1978–1980, the Japanese government granted roughly $3.5 million for equipment and supplies to several Japanese national universities for the investigations. Scientists of diverse disciplines participated in the program, which was coordinated by the editor of this book, Ichiro Sunagawa (Tohoku University, Japan), an expert on crystal growth. Initially, 40 papers were published in a special issue of a Japanese journal, as the grant reports, and then selected papers were updated and incorporated into this English language volume. The papers are predominantly textbook‐style reviews, but some of them present additional new data or interpretations. Three to eight papers are grouped by subject in each of seven chapters.
Atmospheric Electrodynamics
Authors: Kintner Paul M.
Published: October 2011

The earth's atmosphere has been known for centuries to possess both electric and magnetic fields. Early scientific observations of geomagnetism and geoelectricity date back to at least the 1700's. More recently, electric and magnetic fields have been observed systematically in space where the terrestrial magnetic field extends to about 10 RE and meets the solar magnetic field. The increase in our knowledge of electric currents and fields in space over the past 3 decades has been truly explosive. In spite of the common thread of electromagnetism, there has been very little material published that covers both the neutral atmosphere and the ionosphere‐magnetosphere. Hans Volland's contribution is to study the electrodynamics of these regions within a single monograph.
U.S. Arctic Research Commission
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

“North to the Future” is a well‐known slogan in Alaska. This slogan also expresses the spirit with which the U.S. Arctic Research Commission (ARC) has begun its work.

The commission was established as a result of Sen. Murkowski's (R‐Alaska) Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984, and its members were appointed by President Reagan last February (Eos, February 26, 1985, p. 91). The ARC has been directed to develop and recommend an integrated Arctic research policy and to work with the concomitantly established Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee in the formulation of a comprehensive 5‐year Arctic research plan (see Figure 1). The Arctic Research and Policy Act designates the National Science Foundation as the lead agency responsible for implementing the policy with other federal agencies; it further requires the preparation of a single, integrated multiagency budget request for Arctic research.
Petroleum Formation and Occurrence
Authors: Philp R. P.
Published: October 2011

Organic geochemistry, or to be more specific for the purposes of this review, petroleum geochemistry, is an area of research that has been developing extremely rapidly in the last few years. Many of the concepts developed in research laboratories in the late 1970s are now routinely used by petroleum companies in investigating exploration problems. The second edition of Petroleum Formation and Occurrence reflects many of the changes that have occurred in the field since the first edition of this book was published in 1978. The new chapters that have been added and the parts of the text that have been updated are a clear indication of the areas in which most work has been done in the past 6 years.
Tearing down disciplinary barriers
Authors: Roederer Juan G.
Published: October 2011

In recent years the solutions of scientific problems in practically all branches of science have been demanding from the participating researchers an increased specialization on one hand and the pursuit of an increasingly interdisciplinary approach on the other. This paradoxical development of increasing convergence and specificity of the basic scientific questions with a concomitantly increasing global scope and multiplicity of the intervening disciplines is beginning to have a considerable impact on the conduct of research programs, on the structure of research institutions, on the internal organization of funding agencies and professional scientific societies, and on university curricula and training methods. In addition, it is beginning to have effects on the scientific community per se, effects that range from purely academic to eminently psychological.
Huanghe Delta Sediment Study
Authors: Keller George
Published: October 2011

In November 1984, Oregon State University and Shandong College of Oceanography, People's Republic of China (PRC) signed an agreement to undertake a joint 3‐year study of the sediment dynamics associated with the Huanghe (Yellow River) delta and the adjacent Gulf of Bohai. The Yellow River discharges — 1.1 billion tons of sediment into the Bohai annually. Its sediment load is second only to that of the Ganges and is five times that of the Mississippi. The Huanghe's average annual suspended load concentration of about 25,000 mg/L exceeds that of the Amazon by 100 times; the flood stage concentrations of 200,000 mg/L are uniquely extreme.
SIR‐B iceberg observation
Authors: Carsey Frank
Published: October 2011

The Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR) made its second flight (called SIR‐B) in October 1984. Among the 44 science projects that it was due to support were two ice‐related studies, one concerning the behavior of the sea ice of the southern ocean pack and marginal ice zones and another concerning the detectability of icebergs and other navigational hazards off the east coast of Canada. The southern ocean sea ice team was led by F. Carsey of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena, Calif., and consisted of B. Holt (JPL), S. Martin (University of Washington, Seattle), L. Mc‐Nutt (Radarsat, Ottawa), D.A. Rothrock (Polar Science Center, Seattle), W.F. Weeks (U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, N.H.), and V. Squire (Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS), Ottawa); the iceberg team was led by A.L. Gray (CCRS) and consisted of J.Princz, C.E. Livingstone, R.K. Hawkins, M. Wong (all of CCRS), D. Pearson (Petro‐Canada Exploration, Calgary, Canada), J. Gower (Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sydney, Canada), T.F. Mullane, and R.O. Ramseier (both of the Atmospheric Environment Service, Ottawa). As it happened, the SIR‐B mission experienced difficulty with its data link to a geostationary relay satellite and with the SIR‐B radar transmitter, with the consequences that the total amount of data taken was only about one fifth of what was planned and that the data quality was impaired in comparison to what had been anticipated. The result was that no iceberg synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images off the Canadian coast and very limited sea ice SAR images in the southern ocean were acquired; however, a few interesting SAR images of the southern ocean icebergs were acquired, and a few of these are shown in Figure 1.
EGS honorary members
Authors: Oliver Howard
Published: October 2011

Hannes Alfvén of the University of California, San Diego, and Stephan Mueller of theEidgenïssische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich, have been awarded honorary membership in the European Geophysical Society (EGS). In the award citation, EGS called Alfvén “the father of the modern discipline ... known as hydromagnetism, or magnetohydrodynamics,” and praised his reexamination of theories of the origin of the solar system and his theories of cosmic rays and cosmic magnetic fields. Mueller was commended for his dedication to the EGS, which he has served as a council member, as president, and as the first editor in chief of Annales Geophysicae.
James Kennett: Paleceonography Editor
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The field of paleoceanography is maturing, and scientists working in this area need a journal of their own, according to James P. Kennett, founding editor of AGU's new journal, Paleoceanography. Kennett, a professor in the Graduate School of Oceanography at the University of Rhode Island (URI), said he is “committed to publication of top‐quality papers.” He is already hard at work on the journal's first issue, planned for early 1986.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 10(8), August 31, 1985, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E85‐010 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Customer Services, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are available from AGU Fulfillment at the above address; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
“Planet Earth” Week featured at Fall Meeting
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. , Pitt Ruth Sochard
Published: October 2011

The week of the 1985 AGU Fall Meeting, December 9–13, has been dubbed “Planet Earth Week,” in part to salute the upcoming 7‐week PBS television series and university course that will be previewed at the meeting. At least four of the seven 1‐hour segments of “Planet Earth” will be shown daily at the San Francisco meeting. AGU provided some of the seed money for the new series, which will premiere on Wednesday, January 22, 1986, on PBS at 9 P.M. EST.
Groundwater hydrology instructional system
Authors: Schmidt Ronald G.
Published: October 2011

Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, is preparing for its third cycle of the Interactive Remote Instructional System (IRIS) in groundwater hydrology, beginning January 15, 1986. The first cycle finished with an impressive completion ratio for registered participants, and the second cycle has currently been underway since July. This comprehensive hydrogeology program was originally developed for the Soil Conservation Service (of the U.S. Department of Agriculture) to prepare their personnel for professional practice work. Since its evolution into IRIS, an 80% participant completion rate has been recorded for the first cycle, which is a significant departure from success rates traditionally recorded by correspondence courses. This excellent rate of success is the result of 2 years of refinement and demonstrates the progressive nature of the program. IRIS has met the needs of participants by developing a curriculum that reflects current trends in the groundwater industry and has provided a unique educational approach that ensures maximum interaction between the instructional staff and participants.
Solar‐Terrestrial Physics
Authors: Lee L. C.
Published: October 2011

When teaching “space physics” to graduate students 2 years ago, I soon realized that an up‐to‐date comprehensive textbook for theoretical space physics was not available. In the book Solar‐Terrestrial Physics the editors attempt to provide the theoretical foundations that apply to the various components and processes of the solar‐terrestrial system. They are partially successful in fulfilling their goal.
Section candidates
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos has carried biographies and photographs of candidates for President‐Elect of the Union and for President‐Elect and Secretary of each section. In addition, statements by the candidates for Union and Section President‐Elect have appeared. T h e material for the petition candidate for President‐Elect of the Solar‐Planetary Relationships Section and a correction to the biography of one candidate for President‐Elect of t h e Geodesy Section appear below. The material for the original slate for Solar‐Planetary Relationships appeared in the August 6 issue, that for the Seismology Section in the August 13 issue, that for the Geodesy Section in the August 20 issue, that for the Atmospheric Sciences Section in the August 27 issue, that for the Hydrology Section in the September 3 issue, that for the Tectonophysics Section in the September 10 issue, that for the Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology Section in the September 17 issue, that for the Planetology Section in the September 24 issue, that for the Ocean Sciences Section in the October 1 issue, that for the Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Section in the October 8 issue, and that for Union President‐Elect in the October 15 issue. T h e slate of candidates for all offices was carried in the July 2 issue.
Geodesy advances to be reported
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

The magma reservoir systems of Hawaiian volcanos seem to grow upward as the volcanos themselves grow. This finding, made by using both geodetic and seismic techniques, is among the recent advances in volcano modeling, monitoring, and prediction that will be reported in sessions on volcanic geodesy on Tuesday, December 10 and on Wednesday, December 11 at the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif.
E.B. White 1899–1985
Authors: Brooks David A.
Published: October 2011

E. B. White died in Brooklin, Maine, on October 1, 1985. We who profess an affinity for the sea have lost a fellow practitioner. White's tools were simple and eloquent words, not ships and equations, and he is best known for his writing in other fields. Yet we should also remember that Andy White wrote quiet and sensitive essays about the sea, and there is no doubt that his overflowing naturalist's portfolio was infused with an abiding love and respect for wind and water.
Rock and mineral physics at University College London
Authors: Dennis Paul , Meredith Philip , Price David
Published: October 2011

The Department of Geological Sciences at University College London (UCL), has undergone a period of major expansion and growth as a result of the restructuring of geology departments within the University of London that was carried out in 1982. This exercise produced the amalgamation of selected parts of the Department of Geological Sciences of Queen Mary College and the Department of Geology, UCL, on the UCL site. The creation of this strengthened grouping has been successful in attracting a significant number of active researchers in the field of rock and mineral physics (RMP) to the new UCL department. As a result, the academic staff has more than douhled since 1982 and now stands at 31.
Sailing research vessels and the Arctic schooner Bowdoin
Authors: Brooks David A.
Published: October 2011

In a long‐range plan for ocean sciences, the National Science Foundation (NSF) recently emphasized a growing need for large research ships with global capabilities (Eos, October 1, 1985, p. 682). On a smaller scale, some research in coastal and shelf seas may benefit more from improved instruments than from grander vessels. A new generation of compact ocean instruments will encourage the use of ships of opportunity as effective alternatives to specialized ships with exotic facilities. In a curious mix, some of the new technology may be well matched with the unique capabilities of traditional sailing vessels.
Ancient advice for modern mariners
Authors: Brooks David A.
Published: October 2011

Some unusual preparations may be advised for persons anticipating voyages in sailing research vessels. For example, cooking facilities on sailing ships tend to be of modest means, and a scientist embarking on such a vessel may wonder whether he should bring his own essential provisions. Casting about for ideas, I happened on some relevant advice from Benjamin Franklin, who was seldom reluctant to sermonize on matters at hand. In spite of his numerous Atlantic crossings, Franklin was humble about offering advice to mariners, who he realized were generally suspicious of landlubbers.
Club to Award Scholarship
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Space Club will award a $7500 scholarship for 1986–1987 in memory of Robert H. Goddard, a pioneer in rocketry. According to an announcement by the club, the award is intended “to stimulate the interest of talented students in the opportunity to advance scientific knowledge through space research and exploration.” The club will send the winner to Washington, D.C., in March for the Goddard Memorial Dinner.
Special GRL comet issue
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Geophysical Research Letters will publish a special issue on comets in March 1986. The editor invites experimental and theoretical papers on the results of the Comet Giacobini‐Zinner encounter as well as theoretical predictions relevant to the Comet Halley encounter. To be considered for the March special issue, manuscripts should be received by the editorial office before January 24, 1986. Manuscripts received after that date will be considered for subsequent special issues on comets that are being planned for GRL.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 10(10), October 31, 1985, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E86‐001 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Customer Services, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are available from AGU Fulfillment at the above address; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
Advanced Theory of Deep Geomagnetic Sounding
Authors: Chave Alan D.
Published: October 2011

Advanced Theory of Deep Geomagnetic Sounding is a specialized treatise that covers recent work, mostly from the Soviet Union, on the theory, analysis, and interpretation of natural source electromagnetic induction processes in complex geological structures, with an emphasis on subsurface conductive anomalies. The scope of the book is limited, as suggested by the title, and the authors stress the application of electromagnetic principles to the study of regional geology and deep earth structure rather than surface exploration. The book is clearly aimed at the practicing specialist rather than the graduate student attempting to learn about the broader field of electromagnetic geophysics.
Doing the Charleston bump
Authors: Brooks D. A.
Published: October 2011

In this issue of The Oceanography Report, S. Narimousa and T. Maxworthy point out the similarity between standing lee waves in their tank experiments and the quasi‐stationary wavelike wake often found in the Gulf Stream downstream from the bottom feature known as the “Charleston Bump” (see the article “Laboratory Modeling of Coastal Upwelling’). The Bump is perhaps more accurately described as a ridge‐and‐trough transverse anomaly in the continental shelf topography, but the more colorful name seems to be permanently lodged in the literature. Singer et al. [1983] detail the history of the Charleston Bump and its effects on the hydrographic structure of the Gulf Stream in the Cape Romain region, and Brooks and Bane [1983] describe the structure of the wavelike meanders that form farther downstream.
Comments on GEBCO sought
Authors: Loughridge Michael S.
Published: October 2011

The Guiding Committee for the General Bathymetric Chart of the Ocean (GEBCO) (Chair: A.S. Laughton, Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Bideston, U.K.), a joint effort of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) and the International Hydrographic Organization, is interested in assessing the impact of the fifth edition of GEBCO on the ocean science community. An international task team has been formed to advise on the format of a sixth edition after assessing the impact of the fifth edition. Eventually, the task team will be asked to advise whether the sixth edition should be a traditional paper chart, an “electronic chart” (i.e., a digital file reproducing the contents of the paper chart), an assemblage of digital contours, a gridded depth data base, or some combination of these.

To assist the task team, comments on the recent fifth edition are invited, either as general comments on the usefulness of GEBCO, suggested improvements, criticisms, or comments on questions as specific as the following
Suggestions for the use of SI units in magnetism
Authors: Shive Peter N.
Published: October 2011

Before 1980 the Gaussian cgs (cm‐gm‐s) system of units provided the standard for magnetism in the area of geophysics. Although the cgs system was not without its own special and formidable set of problems, geophysicists had come to terms with it to the extent that the published literature contains little ambiguity about the meaning of a magnetic measurement expressed in cgs units. At about that time, following recommendations of various international committees, some journals began suggesting, and then requiring, that SI (Systeme Internationale) units be used instead. There are significant advantages to SI units, and it behooves us to accept the conversion and make it work. Most of the geophysical community has already done so.
U.S. and U.K. sign ODP Agreement
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) of the United Kingdom recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). The agreement calls for the United Kingdom's “participation, in principle” for the 9 years remaining in the decade‐long ODP, according to an announcement by NSF.

Under the terms of the memorandum, the United Kingdom will contribute $2.5 million to ODP each year. In turn, the United Kingdom will be entitled to have two scientific representatives on each ODP cruise and a co‐chief scientist on one cruise a year. British researchers will also participate in ODP planning, including the selection of drill sites, NSF said.
Natural flow visualization in Lake Eyre, South Australia
Authors: Bye J. A. T. , Byron‐Scott R. A. D. , Nunes R. A. , Maxworthy T.
Published: October 2011

Lake Eyre is maintained by the largest inland drainage system in Australia. Major floodings of the lake are rare occurrences. The largest historic flooding occurred in 1974, which gave an opportunity to make basic measurements of the lake bathymetry and hydrology [Bye, 1978; Bye and Will, 1985]. In January 1984, another major flooding occurred, and a preliminary aerial reconnaissance of the lake on March 27 and 28, 1984, laid bare a new facet of the fascinating character of the lake: that it can be regarded as a vast natural flow visualization tank.
JGR special issue on Deep Earthquakes
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The editor and associate editors of the Journal of Geophysical Research—Solid Earth and Planets invite the submission of manuscripts for a special issue on the topic “Deep‐ and Intermediate‐Focus Earthquakes, Phase Transitions, and the Mechanics of Deep Subduction.”

Manuscripts should be submitted to JGR Editor Gerald Schubert (Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024) before July 1, 1986, in accordance with the usual rules for manuscript submission. Submitted papers will undergo the normal JGR review procedure. For more information, contact either Schubert or the special guest associate editor, Cliff Frohlich (Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin, 4920 North IH‐35, Austin, TX 78751; telephone: 512‐451‐6223).
Private grants for field research
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Center for Field Research has identified geological field research as a priority for support by Earthwatch and invites proposals for funding consideration. Earthwatch is a private, volunteer research corps that enables qualified members of the public to join research expeditions both as coworkers and as patrons helping to underwrite expedition costs.

More than $3 million will be awarded in 1986 and 1987 to 200 projects in the sciences and humanities throughout the world. Grants will range from $7,500 to $100,000. All funds are derived from the contributions of participating volunteers selected from the 20,000 members of Earthwatch; all projects supported therefore need both funds and direct field assistance to be eligible.
Tectonic Evolution of a Forearc Terrane, Southern Scotia Ridge, Antarctica
Authors: Karig D. E.
Published: October 2011

One cannot help but get a sense of excitement and admiration from the accounts of geologic studies that are carried out under difficult conditions in remote regions. The data alone from such endeavors are invaluable additions to our knowledge of global geology, and often they provide unique insights to processes not so clearly recognized closer to home. Ian Dalziel' s work in the sub‐Antarctic islands certainly qualifies as one of those exciting endeavors and provides one of the first geologic syntheses of the setting and evolution of the far‐flung islands along the southern Scotia Ridge. The thesis of this volume is that rocks of the southern Scotia Ridge represent various elements of a Mesozoic to early Cenozoic forearc, developed along a west‐facing convergent margin, before the breakup of Gondwanaland and continuing for sometime thereafter.
Another tale of Halley
Authors: Brooks David A.
Published: October 2011

The news services seem disappointed by Comet Halley's modest performance this time around, but my enthusiasm for the spectacle is undiminished. For me, the comet's 76‐yr orbital period highlights a compressed history reckoned by generations. Shifting into cometary overdrive, merely 30 orbits give a stroboscopic view of events since 240 B.C., when the earliest known visit was recorded. Just four backward ticks on the clock take us to Edmund Halley's realization that the bright comet of 1682 was the same one reported many times earlier. By its visible presence this year, the comet offers only its fourth confirmation of Halley's prediction, and with such close perspective, we become fascinated observers in a cosmic physics experiment.
Artificial Recharge of Groundwater Symposium
Authors: Peters H. J.
Published: October 2011

An experimental session on artificial recharge of groundwater was held at the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, December 8–13, 1985. The session combined a state‐of the‐art oral presentation followed by poster papers and ending with a panel discussion about research needs.

Organization of the symposium, with mixed presentation, was not straightforward. The program showed two sessions: one oral and one for posters. The program committee deleted the research needs panel from the program, but there was so much interest that AGU assigned a room and, by word of mouth, about 10 people attended. It was important to have that segment and would have been better to have had it in the program.
Budget hearings in Congress
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

The following hearings and markups have been tentatively scheduled for the coming weeks by the Senate and House of Representatives. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommittee holding the hearing or markup; all offices on Capitol Hill may be reached by telephoning 202–224–3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669)
The view from Capitol Hill: Congressional Science Fellow's midyear report
Authors: Isherwood Dana
Published: October 2011

In a few short weeks, I will have reached the midpoint of my Fellowship year. Like others before me, this is a time for frustration, knowing there is so much left to accomplish and so little time. The past 5 months have been exhilarating. When I came to Washington, I knew very little about how Congress works and even less about the role of the Congressional staff. Imagine my surprise (and relief) when those “turkeys in Washington” turned out to be the most hardworking, capable, and dedicated group of people I know.
Is there a global scale ocean circulation?
Authors: Gordon Arnold L.
Published: October 2011

The word “global” is the “in” word in today's oceanography. We have already had “ecology” and “environment,” and perhaps even the recent “climate” buzz word giving way to the more general designation of “global.” We are faced with the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere program (TOGA), the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE), and the Global Flux Experiment; AGU has entered the “global” stage with a new journal called Global Biogeochemical Cycles (which covers it all), and there was the well‐attended Earth System Science: New Views and Plans symposium at the 1985 AGU Fall meeting in San Francisco, Calif., last December.

Why all the interest in the global scale? It's safe to say that the important present concerns of the earth sciences, such as climate stability and the ocean's continued potential to absorb civilization's chemical wastes, are global issues and must be viewed in that context if we are to address them properly. Another factor is that for the first time, through satellite technology, we have the capability of gathering global scale data on a truly synoptic basis. So, as in the past, application of new technology allows us to define new horizons and address a new range of research questions. In addition to these factors, there is also the historical evolution of oceanography, which makes the global prospective particularly appealing at this time.
Black Sea Cruise
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Expeditionary Planning Committee of the University‐National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) has designated the R/V Knorr to support oceanographic programs in the Black Sea during 1987. Researchers are invited to submit requests for ship time in 1987 and 1988 to support projects in the Black Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and the Indian Ocean. Proposals for the support of the scientific programs should be submitted in accordance with the funding agency deadlines.

Requests for ship use should be sent soon to J.D. Donnelly, Manager, Marine Operations, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 (telephone: 617‐548‐1400, ext. 2736), or to W.D. Barbee, Executive Secretary, UNOLS Office, WB‐15, School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 (telephone: 206‐543‐2283).
AGU member survey planned
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Later this month Peter S. Eagleson, AGU President‐Elect and Chairman of the AGU Planning Committee, will send to each AGU member a questionnaire about AGU programs and services. Although the questionnaire should take you less than 30 minutes to complete, your responses will be very valuable: They will provide the basis for plans and decisions that will affect the direction of the Union for many years to come.

Preliminary results of the survey should be available before the AGU Spring Meeting (in Baltimore, Md., May 19–23). More complete results are expected to be ready for July 1, when the new officers will be installed. The last survey of every AGU member was taken more than 10 years ago.
Science leaders discuss budget crunch
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Although funding for research fared relatively well in the budget proposed by the Reagan Administration for fiscal year (FY) 1987, leaders of the science community should expect lean times ahead for federal funding and should plan accordingly. This was the message delivered February 26–27, 1986, to nearly 400 participants in a conference at the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in Washington, D.C.

Leaders and policymakers from all segments of the research establishment were invited to attend the 2‐day conference, which was sponsored by the Government‐University‐Industry Research Roundtable, an independent group associated with NAS, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. Discussions at the conference revolved around the question “What research strategies best serve the national interest in a period of budgetary stress?” After hearing perspectives from representatives from the Administration, industry, federal agencies, universities, and a federal laboratory, participants were divided into seven working groups. Each group was assigned a topic of discussion, such as “Management at the Campus Level,” “The Relative Roles of Federal Laboratories and Outside Research Institutions,” and “Possible Non‐Federal Sources of Support: States, Industry, and Foundations.” On the second day of the conference, the working group chairmen reported back to the conference at large.
Deserts and Arid Lands
Authors: Brown Glen F.
Published: October 2011

The exponential growth of global population and often concomitant degradation of the environment has forced human expansion into the more hostile and less well‐known terrains of arid lands and deserts. Drought in the African Sahel, with recent wholesale movement of tribes seeking survival, has focused interest in such regions. However, geologic and geomorphic knowledge of deserts has expanded slowly until the last few decades. For instance, the arid cycle of erosion, as conceived by William Morse Davis (now deceased; formerly, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.), with modifications by W. Penck (now deceased; formerly, Leipzig University, Leipzig, German Democratic Republic), and L. C. King (University of Natal and Durban, South Africa), has dominated desert geomorphological deductions until recently. Since World War II and the verification of plate tectonics, the knowledge of arid lands has increased dramatically, especially in synoptic mapping from remote sensing data and space photography, which transcends political boundaries, thanks to the open skies policy of the U.S. space pioneers.
On closing geomagnetic observatories
Authors: Lanzerotti L. J .
Published: October 2011

The contemplated closing by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) of the geomagnetic observatories at Barrow, Alaska, and Newport, Wash. (Eos, February 25, 1986, p. 95) is a situation that could have very serious implications for the solar‐terrestrial research community as well as for the geological community.

This intent to close should be investigated expeditiously by the Committee on Solar‐Terrestrial Research and the Committee on Solar and Space Physics. An accurate determination should be made of the use and values of these stations for both retrospective and future studies and programs in space physics in the United States. At the same time, the appropriate officials at the USGS should be once again made aware of the possible implications of their immediate budget decisions on the broader geophysical and space physics research communities, both for the near term and the future.
February streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Extensive flooding in the West near the end of February set new record high flows for the month for several streams, while across the nation, 85% of the key index streams had flows that were average to well above average, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

USGS hydrologists said that some key index streams in California, Nevada, Idaho, Utah, and New Mexico set new record high February flows. The West was not the only area of the nation to have a wet month: Some streams in Georgia, Florida, Pennsylvania, and New York were also at record high levels for February. Meanwhile, in contrast, record low flows were recorded at stream stations in South Carolina, Mississippi, and Hawaii.
Mars Observer to be discussed
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

In 1990, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) plans to launch a mission to conduct remote sensing studies of Mars during the course of an entire Martian year. The prospect of this Mars Observer mission, together with recent advances in knowledge about the planet, led the Planetology Section to organize a session called “New Perspectives on Remote Sensing of the Surface of Mars,” which will be held Wednesday, May 21, at the 1986 AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md.
Top sponsors
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In the first 3 months of 1986, 736 new members have been elected. The top sponsors, AGU members sponsoring three or more new members, are listed below.
Role of greenhouse gases in climate
Authors: Bruce J. P. , Hengeveld H. G.
Published: October 2011

When significant scientific uncertainties surround an issue, the development of a consensus among scientists and policy analysts can be extremely difficult. This is especially so when the issue is an international one in which different interests are at stake and in which there could be economic “winners” and “losers” in any policies adopted. It is then rather surprising and encouraging that some real consensus emerged from the International Assessment Conference of the Role of Greenhouse Gases in Climate Variations and Associated Impacts, which was held in Villach, Austria, October 9–15, 1985. This conference, jointly convened by the United National Environment Program (UNEP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and the International Council for Scientific Unions (ICSU), brought together an invited group of about 100 scientists and policy analysts from 29 countries.
Hydrology Section Executive Committee minutes
Authors: Maddock Thomas
Published: October 2011

The Executive Committee of the AGU Hydrology Section met in regular session at 4:00 P.M. on Monday, December 9, 1985, in Room 318 of the Civic Auditorium in San Francisco, Calif., during the AGU Fall Meeting. Twenty‐two members of the section were present, with section president R. Allan Freeze presiding.
Moore appointed LEGIS Fellow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

John E. Moore, of the U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va., has been selected for the Office of Personnel Management's LEGIS Fellow Program. He will be a technical advisor on the U.S. House of Representatives Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources Subcommittee for 1986.
U.S./China Bilateral Symposium on Extraordinary Floods
Authors: Kirby W.
Published: October 2011

Accurate appraisal of the risk of extreme floods has long been of concern to hydrologists and water resources managers in both the United States and China. In order to exchange information, assess current developments, and discuss further needs in extreme flood analysis, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Bureau of Hydrology of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power of the People's Republic of China (PRC) held the Bilateral Symposium on the Analysis of Extraordinary Flood Events, October 14–18, 1985, in Nanjing, China. Co‐convenors of the symposium were Marshall E. Moss (USGS) and Hua Shiqian (Nanjing Research Institute of Hydrology). Liang Ruiju (East China Technical University of Water Resources) was executive secretary of the organizing committee. Participants included 23 U.S. delegates, 36 Chinese delegates, and five guests from other countries. Of the U.S. delegates, 13 were from federal agencies, seven were from universities, and three were private consultants. The U.S. National Science Foundation gave financial support to the nonfederal U.S. delegates. Major topics covered in the 52 papers presented included

detection of historical floods and evaluation of the uncertainties in their peak discharges and times of occurrence,

frequency analysis and design flood determination in the presence of extraordinary floods and historic floods, and

use of storm data in determining design storms and design floods,

The symposium was followed by a 6‐day study tour in central China, during which laboratories, field activities, and offices of various water resources agencies were visited and sites of documented historic floods on the Yangtze River and its tributaries were examined.
Groundwater contamination field methods
Authors: Johnson Ivan
Published: October 2011

Half of the drinking water in the United States comes from groundwater; 75% of the nation's cities obtain all or part of their supplies from groundwater; and the rural areas are 95% dependent upon groundwater. Therefore it is imperative that every possible precaution be taken to protect the purity of the groundwater.

Because of the increasing interest in prevention of groundwater contamination and the need for nationally recognized methods for investigation of contamination, a symposium entitled “Field Methods for Groundwater Contamination Studies and Their Standardization” was held February 2–7, 1986, in Cocoa Beach, Fla. The symposium was sponsored and organized by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and Committee D19 on Water. Gene Collins of the National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research (Bartlesville, Okla.) was symposium chair, and Ivan Johnson (A. Ivan Johnson, Inc., Consulting, Arvada, Colo.) was vice chair.