bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OCORRÊNCIAS DE LINGUAGEM NEUTRA NA UEMG – UNIDADE FRUTAL
Authors:   UEMG - Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Frutal, DE OLIVEIRA MARCELO
Published: June 2023

The present study proposes to treat data already collected, as well as investigate the nature of occurrences of neutral language in the environment of the Unit Fruit Academy. The specific objective of this work is to gather to the already existing corpus compiled, more data, from the student's perspective, that can contribute to the research, a broader profile of target linguistic occurrences. The expected result of this approach, is to contribute to the understanding of the reasons that compete for the occurrence of neutral language at the University and, primarily, those that have emerged from teaching communications and administrative sectors of the Unit Academic, since they did not originate through the students, although this public, in theory, is what is most fond of contesting, innovative postures, such as the of an informal linguistic vocabulary, e.g. g. The main bibliographic contribution focuses on the work Course of General Linguistics (SAUSSURE, 2006). Methodologically, the work will be carried out through a bibliographical sweep in physical and digital collections, giving the collected data a quali-quanti treatment.
A study to characterize the mechanical properties and material constitution of adult descending thoracic aorta based on uniaxial tensile test and digital image correlation
Authors: Li Zhengdong , Pei Ming , Zhang Jianhua , Liu Ningguo , Wang Jinming , Zou Donghua
Published: June 2023

The mechanical properties and material constitution of the aorta are important in forensic science and clinical medicine. Existing studies on the material constitution of the aorta do not satisfy the practical requirements of forensic and clinical medicine, as the reported failure stress and failure strain values for human aortic materials have a high dispersion. In this study, descending thoracic aortas were obtained from 50 cadavers (dead within 24 h) free of thoracic aortic disease, aged from 27 to 86 years old, which were divided into six age groups. The descending thoracic aorta was divided into proximal and distal segments. A customized 4-mm cutter was used to punch a circumferential and an axial dog-bone-shaped specimen from each segment; the aortic ostia and calcification were avoided. Instron 8,874 and digital image correlation were used to perform a uniaxial tensile test on each sample. Four samples from each descending thoracic aorta produced ideal stress-strain curves. All parameter-fitting regressions from the selected mathematical model converged, and the best-fit parameters of each sample were obtained. The elastic modulus of collagen fiber, failure stress, and the strain showed a decreasing trend with age, while the elastic modulus of elastic fiber showed an increasing trend with age. The elastic modulus of collagen fiber, failure stress, and strain of circumferential tensile were all greater than those for axial tensile. There was no statistical difference in model parameters and physiological moduli between the proximal and distal segments. The failure stress and strain in the proximal circumferential, distal circumferential, and distal axial tensile were all greater for the male group than for the female group. Finally, the Fung-type hyperelastic constitutive equations were fitted for the different segments in different age groups.
Emerging advances in nanobiomaterials-assisted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-macrophages for tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Yang Jingxing , Zhang Tinghao , Gu Hongchen
Published: June 2023

Adoptive cell immunotherapy, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cells therapy, has made great progress in the clinical treatment of hematological malignancies. However, restricted by the complex tumor microenvironment, the potential efficiency of T-cell infiltration and activated immune cells are limited, thus failure prevented the progression of the solid tumor. Alternatively, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), one sustentacular and heterogeneous cellular population within the tumor microenvironment, are regarded as potential therapeutic targets. Recently, CARs have shown tremendous promise in treating malignancies by equipping macrophages. This novel therapeutic strategy circumvents the tumor microenvironment’s limitations and provides a safer therapeutic approach. Meanwhile, nanobiomaterials as gene delivery carriers not only substantially reduce the treatment cost of this novel therapeutic strategy, but also set the foundation for in vivo CAR-M therapy. Here, we highlight the major strategies prepared for CAR-M, emphasizing the challenges and opportunities of these approaches. First, the common therapeutic strategies for macrophages are summarized in clinical and preclinical trials. Namely, TAM-targeted therapeutic strategies: 1) Inhibit monocyte or macrophage recruitment into tumors, 2) deplete TAMs, and 3) reprogramme TAMs to antitumor M1 phenotype. Second, the current development and progress of CAR-M therapy are reviewed, including the researchers’ attempts in CAR structure design, cell origin, and gene delivery vectors, especially nanobiomaterials as an alternative to viral vectors, as well as some challenges faced by current CAR-M therapy are also summarized and discussed. Finally, the field of genetically engineered macrophages integration with nanotechnology for the future in oncology has been prospected.
Human abdominal subcutaneous-derived active beige adipocytes carrying FTO rs1421085 obesity-risk alleles exert lower thermogenic capacity
Authors: Vámos Attila , Arianti Rini , Vinnai Boglárka Ágnes , Alrifai Rahaf , Shaw Abhirup , Póliska Szilárd , Guba Andrea , Csősz Éva , Csomós István , Mocsár Gábor , Lányi Cecilia , Balajthy Zoltán , Fésüs László , Kristóf Endre
Published: June 2023

Introduction: White adipocytes store lipids, have a large lipid droplet and few mitochondria. Brown and beige adipocytes, which produce heat, are characterized by high expression of uncoupling protein (UCP) 1, multilocular lipid droplets, and large amounts of mitochondria. The rs1421085 T-to-C single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the human FTO gene interrupts a conserved motif for ARID5B repressor, resulting in adipocyte type shift from beige to white.

Methods: We obtained abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue from donors carrying FTO rs1421085 TT (risk-free) or CC (obesity-risk) genotypes, isolated and differentiated their preadipocytes into beige adipocytes (driven by the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone for 14 days), and activated them with dibutyryl-cAMP for 4 hours. Then, either the same culture conditions were applied for additional 14 days (active beige adipocytes) or it was replaced by a white differentiation medium (inactive beige adipocytes). White adipocytes were differentiated by their medium for 28 days.

Results and Discussion: RNA-sequencing was performed to investigate the gene expression pattern of adipocytes carrying different FTO alleles and found that active beige adipocytes had higher brown adipocyte content and browning capacity compared to white or inactive beige ones when the cells were obtained from risk-free TT but not from obesity-risk CC genotype carriers. Active beige adipocytes carrying FTO CC had lower thermogenic gene (e.g., UCP1, PM20D1, CIDEA) expression and thermogenesis measured by proton leak respiration as compared to TT carriers. In addition, active beige adipocytes with CC alleles exerted lower expression of ASC-1 neutral amino acid transporter (encoded by SLC7A10) and less consumption of Ala, Ser, Cys, and Gly as compared to risk-free carriers. We did not observe any influence of the FTO rs1421085 SNP on white and inactive beige adipocytes highlighting its exclusive and critical effect when adipocytes were activated for thermogenesis.
The fecal carriage rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales among Japanese infants in the community at the 4-month health examination in a rural city
Authors: Kawata Soichiro , Morimoto Shimpei , Kosai Kosuke , Kawamoto Yasuhide , Nakashima Yumiko , Morinaga Yoshitomo , Yanagihara Katsunori , Yoshida Lay-Myint , Moriuchi Hiroyuki
Published: June 2023

Background

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) is a great public health concern globally not only in hospitals but also in the community. To our knowledge, there have been few studies on the prevalence of ESBL-E and much less about carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) among children in the community, and there is no such study in Japan despite such situations. This study aimed to clarify their carriage status among Japanese infants in the community by taking the opportunity of the 4-month health checkup.

Methods

This prospective analysis was conducted from April 2020 to March 2021 in Shimabara City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. The research-related items were mailed to all subjects with official documents for the checkup. The fecal samples were obtained from the diaper by guardians beforehand and were collected with the questionnaire and then screened for ESBL-E and CRE by a clinical laboratory company with selective agars followed by identification and confirmation. Only the positive samples were analyzed about resistant genotypes.

Results

One hundred fifty infants aged 4–5 months, over half of the subjects, participated in this study. The overall ESBL-E carriage rate was 19.3% (n = 29), and no CRE carrier was detected among them. All identified ESBL-E were E. coli except for one K. pneumoniae. A significantly higher carriage rate was recorded among the infants born at “Hospital A” (25.0%) than the others (11.3%). Enterobacterales producing CTX-M-9 ± TEM were broadly distributed among the positive samples (65.5%), whereas the CTX-M-1 group was exclusively detected among those from “Hospital A”. Recursive partitioning analysis suggested that delivery facilities might be an important factor for ESBL-E colonization, although the effect could be decreased as they grow. In contrast, no significant effect was observed for other factors such as parent(s) as healthcare worker(s), having a sibling(s), and the mode of delivery.

Conclusion

This study revealed the ESBL-E and CRE carriage status of Japanese infants in the community for the first time, although the setting is somewhat limited. Our findings indicated that environmental factors, especially delivery facilities, influenced ESBL-E colonization among infants aged 4–5 months, implying the need for strengthening countermeasures against antimicrobial resistance at delivery facilities and communities outside the hospitals.
The outer membrane proteins based seroprevalence strategy for Brucella ovis natural infection in sheep
Authors: Zhang Tao , Wang Yu , Li Yin , Qi Tingting , Yue Zhirong , Cao Lili , Zhou Bo , Jiao Huping
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The diagnosis of brucellosis largely relies on tiger red plate agglutination test (RBPT). However, it is difficult to distinguish between natural infection antibody positive and vaccination antibody positive, nevertheless, the identification of specific Brucella species natural infection.

Methods

Here, we analyzed the structure of main outer membrane proteins (OMPs), OMP25 and OMP31 from Brucella ovis (B. ovis) and Brucella melitensis (B. melitensis), which are the main pathogens of sheep brucellosis, and found the OMP25 and OMP31 could be used as the differential antigens for B. ovis and B. melitensis antibody. Then we expressed the OMP25 from B. ovis (OMP25o) and OMP31 from B. melitensis (OMP31m).

Results

They have equally efficiency in antibody detection of vaccinated sheep serum, consistent with the RBPT results. However, through epidemiological investigations, we found some RBPT positive samples were negative by the OMP31m based serum antibody detection, but these samples gave positive results by the OMP25o. We verified these OMP31m negative but OMP25o positive samples by B. ovis and B. melitensis specific primers based PCR detection, and all these samples were B. melitensis negative. However, four out of six samples are B. ovis positive. These results showed that we could use the OMP25o and OMP31m to diagnose sheep brucellosis antibody, especially to discriminate the infection of the B. ovis.

Discussion

Currently, China has not yet approved a vaccine based on B. ovis and B. ovis positive samples should be naturally infected. There should be some implicit transmission of B. ovis in Jilin province. Further epidemiological investigation should be conducted to monitor the B. ovis natural infection.
Antibacterial effect of essential oils and their components against Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni revealed by microdilution and direct bioautographic assays
Authors: Kolozsváriné Nagy Judit , Móricz Ágnes M. , Böszörményi Andrea , Ambrus Ágnes , Schwarczinger Ildikó
Published: June 2023

Bacterial spot of stone fruits caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap) is one of the most significant diseases of several Prunus species. Disease outbreaks can result in severe economic losses while the control options are limited. Antibacterial efficacy of essential oils (EOs) of thyme, cinnamon, clove, rosemary, tea tree, eucalyptus, lemon grass, citronella grass, and lemon balm was assessed against two Hungarian Xap isolates. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution assay and for the identification of active EOs’ components a newly introduced high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-Xap (direct bioautography) method combined with solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) was applied. All EOs inhibited both bacterium isolates, but cinnamon proved to be the most effective EO with MIC values of 31.25 µg/mL and 62.5 µg/mL, respectively. Compounds in the antibacterial HPTLC zones were identified as thymol in thyme, trans-cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon, eugenol in clove, borneol in rosemary, terpinen-4-ol in tea tree, citral (neral and geranial) in lemon grass and lemon balm, and citronellal and nerol in citronella grass. Regarding active compounds, thymol had the highest efficiency with a MIC value of 50 µg/mL. Antibacterial effects of EOs have already been proven for several Xanthomonas species, but to our knowledge, the studied EOs, except for lemon grass and eucalyptus, were tested for the first time against Xap. Furthermore, in case of Xap, this is the first report demonstrating that direct bioautography is a fast and suitable method for screening anti-Xap components of complex matrices, like EOs.
Long-term outcomes of drug-coated balloon treatment of calcified coronary artery lesions: a multicenter, retrospective, propensity matching study
Authors: Shan Yingguang , Lu Wenjie , Han Zhanying , Pan Sancong , Li Xiangbing , Wang Xi , Pan Liang , Wang Xule , Zheng Xiaolin , Li Ran , Zhou Yanjun , Qin Peng , Shi Qiangwei , Zhou Shuai , Zhang Wencai , Guo Sen , Qiu Jing , Zhang Peisheng , Qin Xiaofei , Sun Guoju , Qin Zhongsheng , Huang Zhenwen , Qiu Chunguang
Published: June 2023

Background

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is associated with high rates of restenosis and adverse clinical events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES).

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of drug-coated balloon (DCB)-only treatment for de novo lesions with and without CAC.

Methods

Patients with de novo coronary disease treated with the DCB-only strategy were retrospectively enrolled from three centers and categorized into a CAC group and a non-CAC group. The primary endpoint was the target lesion failure (TLF) rate during the 3-year follow-up. Secondary endpoints included the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), target lesion revascularization (TLR), cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI) and any revascularization. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to assemble a cohort of patients with similar baseline characteristics.

Results

A total of 1,263 patients with 1,392 lesions were included, and 243 patients were included in each group after PSM. Compared with the non-CAC group, the incidence rates of TLF (9.52% vs. 4.94%, odds ratio [OR]: 2.080; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.083–3.998, P = 0.034) and TLR (7.41% vs. 2.88%, OR: 2.642; 95% CI: 1.206–5.787, P = 0.020) in the CAC group were higher. The incidence rates of MACE (12.35% vs. 7.82%, OR: 1.665; 95% CI: 0.951–2.916, P = 0.079), cardiac death (2.06% vs. 2.06%, OR: 0.995; 95% CI: 0.288–3.436, P = 0.993), MI (1.23% vs. 0.82%, OR: 2.505; 95% CI: 0.261–8.689, P = 0.652) and any revascularization (12.76% vs. 9.67%, OR: 1.256; 95% CI: 0.747–2.111, P = 0.738) were similar between groups.

Conclusions

CAC increased the incidence of TLF and TLR without a substantial increase in the risk of MACE, cardiac death, MI, or any revascularization in patients treated with DCB-only angioplasty during the 3-year follow-up.
Non-contrast transcatheter aortic valve implantation for patients with aortic stenosis and chronic kidney disease: a pilot study
Authors: Freire Antônio Fernando Diniz , Nicz Pedro Felipe Gomes , Ribeiro Henrique Barbosa , Filippini Filippe Barcellos , Accorsi Tarso Duenas , Liberato Gabriela , Nomura Cesar Higa , Cassar Renata de Sa , Vieira Marcelo Luiz Campos , Mathias Wilson , Pomerantzeff Pablo Maria Alberto , Tarasoutchi Flavio , Abizaid Alexandre , Kalil Filho Roberto , Brito Fábio Sândoli de
Published: June 2023

Background

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequently observed after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Of note, it is associated with a threefold increase in all-cause and cardiac death. We propose a new non-contrast strategy for evaluating and performing the TAVI procedure that can be especially valuable for patients with aortic stenosis (AS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) to prevent AKI.

Methods

Patients with severe symptomatic AS and CKD stage ≥3a were evaluated for TAVI using four non-contrast imaging modalities for procedural planning: transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE), cardiac magnetic resonance, multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), and aortoiliac CO2 angiography. Patients underwent transfemoral (TF) TAVI using the self-expandable Evolut R/Pro, and the procedures were guided by fluoroscopy and TEE. Contrast MDCT and contrast injection at certain checkpoints during the procedure were used in a blinded fashion to guarantee patient safety.

Results

A total of 25 patients underwent TF-TAVI with the zero-contrast technique. The mean age was 79.9 ± 6.1 years, 72% in NYHA class III/IV, with a mean STS-PROM of 3.0% ± 1.5%, and creatinine clearance of 49 ± 7 ml/min. The self-expandable Evolut R and Pro were implanted in 80% and 20% of patients, respectively. In 36% of the cases, the transcatheter heart valve (THV) chosen was one size larger than the one by contrast MDCT, but none of these cases presented adverse events. Device success and the combined safety endpoint (at 30 days) both achieved 92%. Pacemaker implantation was needed in 17%.

Conclusion

This pilot study demonstrated that the zero-contrast technique for procedural planning and THV implantation was feasible and safe and might become the preferable strategy for a significant population of CKD patients undergoing TAVR. Future studies with a larger number of patients are still needed to confirm such interesting findings.
The influence of the Pringle maneuver in laparoscopic hepatectomy: continuous monitor of hemodynamic change can predict the perioperatively physiological reservation
Authors: Chen Yi-Chan , Lee Min-Hsuan , Hsueh Shan-Ni , Liu Chien-Liang , Hui Chung-Kun , Soong Ruey-Shyang
Published: June 2023

Importance

This is the first study to investigate the correlation between intra-operative hemodynamic changes and postoperative physiological status.

Objective

Design, settings, and participants

Patients receiving laparoscopic hepatectomy were routinely monitored using FloTract for goal-directed fluid management. The Pringle maneuver was routinely performed during parenchymal dissection and the hemodynamic changes were prospectively recorded. We retrospectively analyzed the continuous hemodynamic data from FloTrac to compare with postoperative physiological outcomes.

Exposure

The Pringle maneuver during laparoscopic hepatectomy.

Main outcome(s) and measure(s)

Results

Stroke volume variation that did not recover from the relief of the Pringle maneuver during the last application of Pringle maneuver predicted elevated postoperative MELD-Na scores.

Conclusions and relevance

The complexity of the hemodynamic data recorded by the FloTrac system during the Pringle Maneuver in laparoscopic hepatectomy can be effectively analyzed using the growth mixture modeling (GMM) method. The results can potentially predict the risk of short-term liver function deterioration.
Design of respirable sprayed microparticles of encapsulated bacteriophages
Authors: Baldelli Alberto , Liang Mingtao
Published: June 2023

Antibiotic resistance is exponentially increasing, and the number of deaths caused by bacterial infections is expected to surge. When dealing with the respiratory system, inefficient antibiotics heighten the chance of death from bacterial infection. However, the alternatives to antibiotics are limited. Bacteriophages are a valid option since they can target a specific type of bacterium. Bacteriophages are highly specific and can avoid any side effects when delivered. However, their poor stability makes their use inefficient. Encapsulation is commonly used to protect any bioactive compound for different types of delivery. In the case of respiratory delivery, particle engineering is used to generate stable dry powders to target the nasal or lung areas. This review article provides a guideline for engineering a process of nasal dry powders of encapsulated bacteriophages.
Evaluation and engineering applications of the in situ stress state of deep tight sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation of the Yingshan-Longgang in the central Sichuan Basin
Authors: Gao Songyang , Deng Hucheng , Yan Weilin , Yin Shujun , Zhou Jiayu , Wen Zheng , Guo Yunfei , Zhang Bo , Li Chuang , Yang Xiaolei , Xia Wenhao , Huang Tao
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The Xujiahe Formation in the Yingshan-Longgang area of the Sichuan Basin has abundant tight oil and gas resources. However, the complex geological conditions and insufficient understanding of the magnitude and direction of in-situ stresses severely limit exploration and development of oil and gas resources in the region. This has made it difficult to carry out hydraulic fracturing and horizontal well deployment in the region.

Methods: Based on experimental analyses, including acoustic emission experiments, wave velocity anisotropy experiments, and paleomagnetic experiments, this study evaluated the magnitude and direction of in-situ stresses, while also combining electrical imaging logging and acoustic wave logging data. This provides a basis for hydraulic fracturing in the research area.

Results and Discussion: The experimental results indicate that the three-way stress state of the Xujiahe Formation is a strike-slip stress state, and the three-way stress value gradually increases with increasing burial depth. The Longgang area is particularly affected by the depth. The average azimuth angle of the maximum horizontal principal stress in the study area is N100°E, while tectonic deformation may cause a counterclockwise deviation of the maximum horizontal principal stress azimuth in the Yingshan area. Considering the influence of changes in the magnitude of in situ stress in the longitudinal direction on hydraulic fracturing extension mode, it is recommended to select the middle and upper sections of the Xu II for fracturing and transformation. Similarly, considering the distribution of natural fractures and the direction of the in situ stresses, it is suggested that the deployment azimuth angle for horizontal wells be between N20°–30°E.
Representations of girls and women in a Saudi Arabian family education curriculum: a content analysis
Authors: Aldegether Reem A.
Published: June 2023

This paper reports on a content analysis of Saudi Arabian high school Family Education curriculum, examining how girls and women are represented. The textbooks were published after the launch of the Saudi Vision 2030 reform initiatives. Considering previous research on school textbooks’ contributions to youth self-image formation and confidence development, the Family Education curriculum was optimal for examining contemporary representations of Saudi girls and women. Content analysis was conducted on the Vision 2030 documents to discern specific principles of women’s empowerment. This study presents a framework highlighting significant elements that provide a better understanding of inequalities in the textbooks portrayals of women that guided the recommendations for future changes. Four themes were constructed: Awareness of Women’s Rights and Responsibilities, Exclusion, Stereotypes, and Lack of Female Role Models. Together, these themes indicate inklings of positive change, as well as enduring inequality. They suggest a gap between the 2030 Vision goal to empower Saudi women and high school textbooks which effectively underrepresented women as equal partners in the country’s development. Revision of textbooks is required in light of the country’s new vision.
An unexpected case report of epidermoid cyst at the oculomotor nerve: mimicking a common cyst on MRI
Authors: He Yuhao , Zhang Sunfu
Published: June 2023

Intracranial epidermoid cysts are benign lesions and are rarely seen in clinical practice. Owing to similarities in imaging findings to those of common cystic lesions, the preoperative diagnosis is rendered challenging. Here, we present a case report of an epidermoid cyst at the right oculomotor nerve, which was initially misdiagnosed as a common cyst. A 14-year-old female child was admitted to our department due to a previous magnetic resonance imaging scan of a cystic lesion on the right side of the saddle that was suspected to be an oculomotor nerve cyst. In our department, this patient underwent a complete surgical resection of the tumor, and the pathology results revealed an epidermoid cyst. This is the first study that reported an epidermoid cyst at the right oculomotor nerve entering the orbit, mimicking a common cyst in imaging. We hope that this study would allow clinicians to consider this type of lesion as a differential diagnosis. Moreover, we suggest that specific diffusion-weighted imaging scan should be performed to aid in the diagnosis.
Watchful waiting versus pharmacological management of small-for-gestational-age infants with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia
Authors: Chandran Suresh , Jaya-Bodestyne Sandra Lynn , Rajadurai Victor Samuel , Saffari Seyed Ehsan , Chua Mei Chien , Yap Fabian
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Given that reports on severe diazoxide (DZX) toxicity are increasing, we aimed to understand if the short-term clinical outcomes of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH) managed primarily by supportive care, termed watchful waiting (WW), are different from those treated with DZX.

Method

A real-life observational cohort study was conducted from 1 September 2014 to 30 September 2020. The WW or DZX management decision was based on clinical and biochemical criteria. We compared central line duration (CLD), postnatal length of stay (LOS), and total intervention days (TIDs) among SGA-HH infants treated with DZX versus those on a WW approach. Fasting studies determined the resolution of HH.

Result

Among 71,836 live births, 11,493 were SGA, and 51 SGA infants had HH. There were 26 and 25 SGA-HH infants in the DZX and WW groups, respectively. Clinical and biochemical parameters were similar between groups. The median day of DZX initiation was day 10 of life (range 4–32), at a median dose of 4 mg/kg/day (range 3–10). All infants underwent fasting studies. Median CLD [DZX, 15 days (6–27) vs. WW, 14 days (5–31), P = 0.582] and postnatal LOS [DZX, 23 days (11–49) vs. WW, 22 days (8–61), P = 0.915] were comparable. Median TID was >3-fold longer in the DZX than the WW group [62.5 days (9–198) vs. 16 days (6–27), P < 0.001].

Conclusion

CLD and LOS are comparable between WW and DZX groups. Since fasting studies determine the resolution of HH, physicians should be aware that clinical intervention of DZX-treated SGA-HH patients extends beyond the initial LOS.
The effects of exercise training on body composition in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Khalafi Mousa , Habibi Maleki Aref , Sakhaei Mohammad Hossein , Rosenkranz Sara K. , Pourvaghar Mohammad Javad , Ehsanifar Mahsa , Bayat Hadis , Korivi Mallikarjuna , Liu Yubo
Published: June 2023

Introduction

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of exercise training on body composition outcomes in postmenopausal women.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Medline were searched to identify the randomized controlled trials which evaluated effect of exercise training versus control in postmenopausal women. Standardized mean differences (SMD), weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using random effects model.

Results

One hundred and one studies involving 5,697 postmenopausal women were included in the meta-analysis. Results indicated that exercise training effectively increased muscle mass/ volume, muscle and fiber cross-sectional area and fat-free mass, and decreased fat mass, body fat percentage, waist circumference and visceral fat. Furthermore, subgroup analyses results revealed that aerobic and combined training had greater beneficial effects on fat mass outcomes, whereas resistance and combined training had greater beneficial effects on muscle mass outcomes.

Discussion

Overall, our results revealed that exercise training is effective for improving body composition in postmenopausal women. To be specific, aerobic training is effective on fat loss, whereas resistance training is effective on muscle gain. However, combination of aerobic and resistance trainings may be considered a viable strategy to improve body composition in postmenopausal women.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021283425.
The relationship between dominant follicle development and clinical outcomes of hormone replacement therapy-frozen embryo transfer: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Huang Chenyang , Shen Xiaoyue , Yan Yuan , Shan Huizhi , Shi Qingqing , Mei Jie , Xing Jun
Published: June 2023

Research question

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is one of the most used endometrial preparation protocols for frozen embryo transfer (FET) due to the convenience of its administration and stability of pregnancy outcomes. There are several HRT cycles accompanied by the development of dominant follicles. However, the relationship between dominant follicle development and clinical outcomes in HRT-FET cycles remains unclear.

Design

We carried out a retrospective cohort study of 13251 cycles at our reproductive medicine center from 2012 to 2019. Total cycles were divided into two groups according to whether there was dominant follicular development. In addition, we conducted a secondary analysis that used propensity-score matching to reduce confounding variables. A univariate and multivariable logistic regression model was further employed to analyze the effect of dominant follicle development in HRT cycles on clinical pregnancy outcomes.

Results

There was no significant correlation between dominant follicle development in HRT-FET cycles and the clinical pregnancy rate (adjusted OR = 1.162, 95% CI: 0.737-1.832, P = 0.52). In addition, there was a positive correlation between the basic follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level and the development of dominant follicles, while there was a negative correlation between antral follicle count (AFC), menstrual cycle length and the development of dominant follicles in HRT cycles.

Conclusions

The development of dominant follicles in HRT-FET cycles does not affect the clinical pregnancy rate, early miscarriage rate and live birth rate. Therefore, it is not necessary to immediately cancel the FET cycle immediately when dominant follicle development is monitored in the HRT-FET cycle.
Synergistic effects of technological innovation, industrial structure upgrading, and ecological environment optimization—evidence from China
Authors: Yang Jiaojiao , Wang Ting
Published: June 2023

The benign interaction between technological innovation, industrial structure, and ecological environment optimization is important for the sustainable development of China’s economy. Based on panel data from 30 provinces (municipalities) in China from 2003 to 2019, a coupling coordination degree (CCD) model was adopted to evaluate the coordinated development level of the technological innovation-industrial structure-ecological environment system (TIE). Fixed-effect models were used to explore the subsystem impact on the coupling coordination level. A fully modified least-squares (FMOLS) method was used to analyze TIE subsystem interactions. The results show the following: (1) The coordinated development level of TIE has steadily improved. The CCD of the TIE was high in the east, flat in the center, and low in the west. (2) Subsystem development significantly and positively affected the degree of coupling coordination. The ecological environmental impact on the coordinated development level was the largest in the eastern regions and the influence of technological innovation on the coordinated development level was the largest in the central and western regions. (3) Industrial advancement had a positive impact on technological innovation in 30 provinces as a whole, and in the eastern, central, and western regions. A “U”-shaped relationship was found between technological innovation and industrial advancement in all 30 provinces, and in the eastern, central provinces. Industrial rationalization, industrial advancement, and technological innovation can promote the improvement of the ecological environment in all 30 provinces, and the eastern, central, and western regions.
Health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients in low-and-middle-income countries in Asia: a systematic review
Authors: Ngo Nhi T. N. , Nguyen Ha Thi , Nguyen Phuong Thi Lan , Vo Truc Thuy Thanh , Phung Toi Lam , Pham Anh Gia , Vo Thanh Van , Dang Mai Thi Ngoc , Nguyen Le Bao Tien , Duong Khanh N. C.
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Breast cancer remains one of the major cancers worldwide. In Asia, breast cancer is leading both incidence and mortality rates. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) studies play an important role in clinical treatment. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence of HRQoL and associated factors among patients with breast cancer in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia.

Method

Performed according to PRISMA guidelines for systematic review, the studies were searched from three databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus) up to November 2020. The studies which met the predefined eligibility criteria were selected, extracted, and assessed the quality according to the Newcastle—Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool.

Results and Discussion

A total of 2,620 studies were searched on the three databases, of which 28 met the selection criteria, then, were included in the systematic review. The Global Health Status (GHS) score of breast cancer patients based on the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire ranged from 56.32 ± 25.42 to 72.48 ± 15.68. The overall HRQoL scores using the FACT-G and FACT-B instruments ranged from 60.78 ± 13.27 to 82.23 ± 12.55 and from 70.29 ± 13.33 to 108.48 ± 19.82, respectively. Factors affecting HRQoL of patients with breast cancer included age, education level, income, marital status, lifestyle, tumor stage, method, and treatment duration. Patient's income showed a consistent effect on HRQoL while the remaining factors reported inconsistent findings across the studies. In conclusion, the HRQoL of breast cancer patients in LMICs in Asia was low and affected by several sociodemographic factors which should be studied more in future research.
PTPRC promoted CD8+ T cell mediated tumor immunity and drug sensitivity in breast cancer: based on pan-cancer analysis and artificial intelligence modeling of immunogenic cell death-based drug sensitivity stratification
Authors: Li Pengping , Wang Wei , Wang Shaowen , Cao Guodong , Pan Tonghe , Huang Yuqing , Wan Hong , Zhang Weijun , Huang Yate , Jin Haigang , Wang Zhenyu
Published: June 2023

Background

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a result of immune cell infiltration (ICI)-mediated cell death, which is also a novel acknowledgment to regulate cellular stressor-mediated cell death, including drug therapy and radiotherapy.

Methods

In this study, TCGA and GEO data cohorts were put into artificial intelligence (AI) to identify ICD subtypes, and in vitro experiments were performed.

Results

Gene expression, prognosis, tumor immunity, and drug sensitivity showed significance among ICD subgroups, Besides, a 14-gene-based AI model was able to represent the genome-based drug sensitivity prediction, which was further verified in clinical trials. Network analysis revealed that PTPRC was the pivotal gene in regulating drug sensitivity by regulating CD8+ T cell infiltration. Through in vitro experiments, intracellular down-regulation of PTPRC enhanced paclitaxel tolerance in triple breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. Meanwhile, the expression level of PTPRC was positively correlated with CD8+ T cell infiltration. Furthermore, the down-regulation of PTPRC increased the level of TNBC-derived PD-L1 and IL2.

Discussion

ICD-based subtype clustering of pan-cancer was helpful to evaluate chemotherapy sensitivity and immune cell infiltration, and PTPRC was a potential target to against drug resistance of breast cancer.
Neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio is associated with stroke-associated pneumonia and poor outcome in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Lv Xin-Ni , Shen Yi-Qing , Li Zuo-Qiao , Deng Lan , Wang Zi-Jie , Cheng Jing , Hu Xiao , Pu Ming-Jun , Yang Wen-Song , Xie Peng , Li Qi
Published: June 2023

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of the neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) for predicting stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) and functional outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods

We analyzed our prospective database of consecutive ICH patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2016 to September 2021. We included subjects with a baseline computed tomography available and a complete NPAR count performed within 6h of onset. The patients’ demographic and radiological characteristics were analyzed. Good outcome was defined as a modifed Rankin Scale score of 0-3 at 90 days. Poor outcome was defined as a modifed Rankin Scale score of 4-6 at 90 days. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between NPAR, SAP, and functional outcome. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to identify the optimal cutoff of NPAR to discriminate between good and poor outcomes in ICH patients.

Results

A total of 918 patients with ICH confirmed by non-contrast computed tomography were included. Of those, 316 (34.4%) had SAP, and 258 (28.1%) had poor outcomes. Multivariate regression analysis showed that higher NPAR on admission was an independent predictor of SAP (adjusted odds ratio: 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.56-3.84; P<0.001) and was associated with increased risk of poor outcome (adjusted odd ratio:1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–2.90; P=0.040) in patients with ICH. In ROC analysis, an NPAR of 2 was identified as the optimal cutoff value to discriminate between good and poor functional outcomes.

Conclusion

Higher NPAR is independently associated with SAP and poor functional outcome in patients with ICH. Our findings suggest that early prediction of SAP is feasible by using a simple biomarker NPAR.
PD-1Hi CAR-T cells provide superior protection against solid tumors
Authors: Sailer Cooper J. , Hong Yeonsun , Dahal Ankit , Ryan Allison T. , Mir Sana , Gerber Scott A. , Reagan Patrick M. , Kim Minsoo
Published: June 2023

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a promising treatment option for several hematologic cancers. However, efforts to achieve the same level of therapeutic success in solid tumors have largely failed mainly due to CAR-T cell exhaustion and poor persistence at the tumor site. Although immunosuppression mediated by augmented programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) expression has been proposed to cause CAR-T cell hypofunction and limited clinical efficacy, little is known about the underlying mechanisms and immunological consequences of PD-1 expression on CAR-T cells. With flow cytometry analyses and in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer T cell function assays, we found that both manufactured murine and human CAR-T cell products displayed phenotypic signs of T cell exhaustion and heterogeneous expression levels of PD-1. Unexpectedly, PD-1high CAR-T cells outperformed PD-1low CAR-T cells in multiple T cell functions both in vitro and in vivo. Despite the achievement of superior persistence at the tumor site in vivo, adoptive transfer of PD-1high CAR-T cells alone failed to control tumor growth. Instead, a PD-1 blockade combination therapy significantly delayed tumor progression in mice infused with PD-1high CAR-T cells. Therefore, our data demonstrate that robust T cell activation during the ex vivo CAR-T cell manufacturing process generates a PD-1high CAR-T cell subset with improved persistence and enhanced anti-cancer functions. However, these cells may be vulnerable to the immunosuppressive microenvironment and require combination with PD-1 inhibition to maximize therapeutic functions in solid tumors.
Different binding and pathogenic effect of neurofascin and contactin–1 autoantibodies in autoimmune nodopathies
Authors: Hecker Katharina , Grüner Julia , Hartmannsberger Beate , Appeltshauser Luise , Villmann Carmen , Sommer Claudia , Doppler Kathrin
Published: June 2023

Introduction

IgG4 autoantibodies against paranodal proteins are known to induce acute-onset and often severe sensorimotor autoimmune neuropathies. How autoantibodies reach their antigens at the paranode in spite of the myelin barrier is still unclear.

Methods

We performed in vitro incubation experiments with patient sera on unfixed and unpermeabilized nerve fibers and in vivo intraneural and intrathecal passive transfer of patient IgG to rats, to explore the access of IgG autoantibodies directed against neurofascin-155 and contactin-1 to the paranodes and their pathogenic effect.

Results

We found that in vitro incubation resulted in weak paranodal binding of anti-contactin-1 autoantibodies whereas anti-neurofascin-155 autoantibodies bound to the nodes more than to the paranodes. After short-term intraneural injection, no nodal or paranodal binding was detectable when using anti-neurofascin-155 antibodies. After repeated intrathecal injections, nodal more than paranodal binding could be detected in animals treated with anti-neurofascin-155, accompanied by sensorimotor neuropathy. In contrast, no paranodal binding was visible in rats intrathecally injected with anti-contactin-1 antibodies, and animals remained unaffected.

Conclusion

These data support the notion of different pathogenic mechanisms of anti-neurofascin-155 and anti-contactin-1 autoantibodies and different accessibility of paranodal and nodal structures.
Rapid nanobody-based imaging of mesothelin expressing malignancies compatible with blocking therapeutic antibodies
Authors: Benloucif Abdennour , Meyer Damien , Balasse Laure , Goubard Armelle , Danner Lucile , Bouhlel Ahlem , Castellano Rémy , Guillet Benjamin , Chames Patrick , Kerfelec Brigitte
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Mesothelin (MSLN) is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers with few therapeutic options and has recently emerged as an attractive target for cancer therapy, with a large number of approaches currently under preclinical and clinical investigation. In this respect, developing mesothelin specific tracers as molecular companion tools for predicting patient eligibility, monitoring then response to mesothelin-targeting therapies, and tracking the evolution of the disease or for real-time visualisation of tumours during surgery is of growing importance.

Methods

We generated by phage display a nanobody (Nb S1) and used enzymatic approaches were used to site-directed conjugate Nb S1 with either ATTO 647N fluorochrome or NODAGA chelator for fluorescence and positron emission tomography imaging (PET) respectively.

Results

We demonstrated that Nb S1 displays a high apparent affinity and specificity for human mesothelin and demonstrated that the binding, although located in the membrane distal domain of mesothelin, is not impeded by the presence of MUC16, the only known ligand of mesothelin, nor by the therapeutic antibody amatuximab. In vivo experiments showed that both ATTO 647N and [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-S1 rapidly and specifically accumulated in mesothelin positive tumours compared to mesothelin negative tumours or irrelevant Nb with a high tumour/background ratio. The ex vivo biodistribution profile analysis also confirmed a significantly higher uptake of Nb S1 in MSLN-positive tumours than in MSLNlow tumours.

Conclusion

We demonstrated for the first time the use of an anti-MSLN nanobody as PET radiotracer for same day imaging of MSLN+ tumours, targeting an epitope compatible with the monitoring of amatuximab-based therapies and current SS1-derived-drug conjugates.
Enhanced antiviral immunity and dampened inflammation in llama lymph nodes upon MERS-CoV sensing: bridging innate and adaptive cellular immune responses in camelid reservoirs
Authors: Rodon Jordi , Te Nigeer , Segalés Joaquim , Vergara-Alert Júlia , Bensaid Albert
Published: June 2023

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection can cause fatal pulmonary inflammatory disease in humans. Contrarily, camelids and bats are the main reservoir hosts, tolerant for MERS-CoV replication without suffering clinical disease. Here, we isolated cervical lymph node (LN) cells from MERS-CoV convalescent llamas and pulsed them with two different viral strains (clades B and C). Viral replication was not supported in LN, but a cellular immune response was mounted. Reminiscent Th1 responses (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12) were elicited upon MERS-CoV sensing, accompanied by a marked and transient peak of antiviral responses (type I IFNs, IFN-λ3, ISGs, PRRs and TFs). Importantly, expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) or inflammasome components (NLRP3, CASP1, PYCARD) was dampened. The role of IFN-λ3 to counterbalance inflammatory processes and bridge innate and adaptive immune responses in camelid species is discussed. Our findings shed light into key mechanisms on how reservoir species control MERS-CoV in the absence of clinical disease.