bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SHOULD WE ABOLISH THE DELICT OF SEDUCTION IN CUSTOMARY LAW: QUO VADIS SOUTH AFRICA?
Authors: Nqobizwe Mvelo Ngema  , WJ Ndaba
Published: March 2022

This note investigates whether or not the time is ripe for South Africa to abolish the delict of seduction. The legislature has not yet abolished the delict of seduction in customary law. In addition, there are a growing number of academic commentators who are in full support of Bohler-Muller’s recommendation for the abolition of the delict of seduction in customary law.  In investigating whether it is ripe for South Africa to abolish the delict of seduction under customary law, the first part of the note discusses the existing problems in customary law governing the delict of seduction. The second part discusses four challenges that might be created by its abolition under the following sub-topics, namely (a) social advantages for prohibiting pre-marital sexual intercourse; (b) religious consequences of pre-marital sexual intercourse and advantages for discouraging pre-marital sexual intercourse; (c) the link between the delict of seduction under customary law and the payment of lobolo; and (d) the relationship between the customary law delict of seduction and the value of gender equality. The third part of the note discusses the possible solutions to the problems.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness Cut-Points Related to Body Adiposity Parameters in Macedonian Children
Authors: Elezi Abdulla , Kadriu Valon , Elezi Gresa , Georgiev Georgi , Gontarev Seryozha
Published: March 2022

Background and Objectives: There is a shortage of criteria referent standards for tests of logistic application meant to estimate the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of children and adolescents in the Republic of North Macedonia. The goal of the research was twofold: (1) To identify the ability of CRF estimated by the 20-m shuttle-run test (20mSRT) to discriminate between “healthy” and “unhealthy” phenotypes (by adiposity measures such as WC and WHR) in children; (2) To determine the correlation between obesity and relatively maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) tested on a relatively large respondents’ sample of Macedonian children. The research was conducted on a sample of 1,863 respondents, 957 (51.4%) of whom were boys, and 906 (48.6%) were girls at the age of 7 to 10 years. All of them were from 19 primary schools in the central and eastern parts of the Republic of North Macedonia. 

Materials and Methods: The waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were used to identify body adiposity markers. CRF was measured using the 20mSRT (VO2 peak). Receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression were applied in order to establish the discriminative power of CRF in anticipating the parameters of body adiposity markers. 

Results: With regard both to the boys and girls, VO2 peak showed considerable predictive power of identifying the body adiposity (area under the curve [AUC] > 0.66). In boys, when considering the full sample (7-10 years), the best cut-point for VO2 peak to detect body fat by WC were 48.8 to mL•kg−1•min−1 and WHtR were 47.4 to mL•kg−1•min−1. For girls, when considering the full sample (7-10 years), the best cut-point to detect body fat by WC were 47.4 to mL•kg−1•min−1 and WHtR were 47.1 to mL•kg−1•min−1. 

Conclusions: According to these cut-points, adolescents with low CRF were more likely to be obese either by WC or WHtR. The border values (cut-points) of CRF can be used as quantitative markers of children of healthier body characteristics from the Republic of North Macedonia.
Reactive Stress Tolerance in Preadolescent Sports Participants: A Comparison of Six Individual Non-Contact Sports
Authors: Pahan Manohar Kumar , Singh Mahendra Kumar
Published: March 2022

Purpose of the study. The study's aim was to examine how reactive stress tolerance differs in preadolescence across six different non-contact sports.

Materials and Methods. Archery, cycling, shooting, swimming, track & field, and weightlifting are non-contact sports chosen for research. The study included 180 male sports cadets from the Jharkhand State Sports Promotion Society, with an age range of 11–13 years. To assess reactive stress tolerance, the determination test form S1 under the Vienna Test System was used. Sub-variables like the percentile ranks of correct, incorrect, and omitted responses, as well as the score of median reaction time, were selected for study. Comparisons were made between scores of sub-variables under the reactive stress tolerance of six selected sports disciplines. The main effect was determined using the Kruskal-Wallis test, while pairwise post-hoc comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level was set at 0.05.

Results. There were no significant differences in percentile rank of correct, incorrect, and median reaction times between selected sports. In terms of percentile rank of incorrect responses, sports like archery, shooting, and weightlifting differ significantly from swimming.

Conclusion. According to the findings, the sports in which distance is covered by producing bodily momentum are less likely to exhibit uncontrollable behaviour during athletic events.
Detection and Quantification of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in Human Blood Plasma using a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay v1
Authors: S. Krishnan Pavan , T. Zamuner Fernando , M. Jenks Carolyn , Xie Yanjun , Zhang Lisa , Lehar Mohammed , Iglesias Lozano Marcos , S. Fedarko Neal , R. DeVine Lauren , Brait Mariana , N. Cole Robert , P. Carey John
Published: March 2022

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a vasoactive neuropeptide that plays a putative role in the pathophysiology of migraine headaches and may be a candidate for biomarker status. Here, we present a protocol for purification and quantification of CGRP in human plasma. This protocol involves sample collection and preparation, extraction as a means of purification, and quantification via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After finding unrealistically high CGRP concentrations in spike-and-recovery experiments using a commercial CGRP ELISA kit protocol, we modified the existing protocol to produce satisfactory percent recoveries. This protocol can theoretically be used to quantify CGRP concentrations in plasma of individuals not only with migraine, but also with other diseases in which CGRP may play a role.
tetA dual selection protocols v1
Authors: N Bayer Carolyn
Published: March 2022

Engineering of bacterial genomes is a fundamental craft in contemporary biotechnology. The ability to precisely edit bacterial chromosomes allows for the development of cells with specific phenotypes for metabolic engineering and for creation of minimized genomes. Genetic tools are needed to select for cells that underwent editing, and dual selection markers that enable both positive and negative selection are highly useful. Here we present an optimized and easy-to-use version of thetetAdual selection marker and demonstrate how this tetAOPT can be used efficiently to engineer at different stages of the central dogma of molecular biology. On the DNA level, tetAOPT can be used to create scarless knockouts across the E. coli genome with an efficiency above 90% whereas recombinant gene integrations can be achieved with approximately 50% efficiency. On the expression level, we show that tetAOPT enables advanced genome engineering of both genetranslation and transcription. Finally, we demonstrate the use of tetAOPT for genome engineering in the industrially relevant probiotic strain E. coli Nissle.
Important note on the medium type and plating procedure v1
Authors: N Bayer Carolyn
Published: March 2022

Important Information for the two tetA dual selection protocols "Gene knockout strategy" and "Tuning the expression of native genes".
[RETRACTED] ACV Super Slim Gummies | Must-See Worth Buying? Reviews Scam Or Legit Updated 2022 v1
Authors: Super Slim Gummies ACV
Published: March 2022

[RETRACTED]

ACV Super Slim Gummies - Burn That Fat | Eat well, feel well, look well | Burn Fat Fast!
Social Media-Based Professional Learning: What Are Teachers Doing in It?
Authors: Krismanto Wawan , Setyosari Punaji , Kuswandi Dedi , Praherdhiono Henry
Published: March 2022

The formal professional development of teachers in Indonesia still encounters various obstacles and limitations. Realising this, some teachers gather, interact and build communities, then run social media-based professional learning. This study investigates the diversity of teacher activities in social media-based professional learning in the community from teacher experience. For this reason, a qualitative approach with the phenomenological method is the appropriate approach. The respondents of this study were 16 teachers who consistently participated in social media-based professional learning in three teacher communities. They were interviewed in a semi-structured manner. Learning activities in the community were observed, and relevant documents were analysed to complement the research data. The study results indicate various engagements and experiences of teachers in the three teacher communities studied. It also shows the diversity of teacher learning activities in social media-based professional learning facilitated by the teacher community. Based on the research results, several implications have been given for teachers, teacher community managers, and future research.
Metaclasses in UML and in Programming Languages
Authors:   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation, Sergievskiy M. V.
Published: March 2022

Design and programming are important stages of the development process of object-oriented information systems. At the design stage, a domain model is built, in which metaclasses can be used. But, as widely known, there is no direct support for metaclasses in UML. The article describes how in some cases it is possible to switch from models with metaclasses to models with regular classes. Several variants of such a transition are given. Two concepts of the metaclass are considered, which have now found application. Examples are given showing what capabilities the Python, Scala and Objective-C programming languages have for implementing such models. In addition, it analyzes how the concept of a metaclass is interpreted differently in programming languages.
Secure Network Channel for Web Services based on SSL/TLS Technology in a Linux Environment
Authors:   V. A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation, Asratian R. E.
Published: March 2022

An approach to the organization of secure interaction in distributed systems via a public network is considered, based on the organization of secure communication channels based on sSl/TLS technology. Unlike VPN technology, the described approach is strictly focused on supporting only HTTP/SOAP interactions in distributed systems, which allows you to implement authentication and authorization based on HTTP-header data and client public key certifi­cates as ready-made technical solutions. The approach implies the use of special gateways that provide switching from HTTP to HTTPS on the client side and switching from HTTPS to HTTP on the web server side and make up a "transparent" communication channel for system components. It is assumed that both client programs and web serv­ers are located in the same secure private network (or even on the same network node) with the gateways serving them, and only the interaction between the gateways is carried out through the public network. The work of gateways is based on the use of SSL/TLS technology to add a secure channel over an already open TCP connection. The main idea of the approach is that in this case, security tools are connected at high levels of the OSI protocol hierarchy, which allows gateways to analyze high-level parameters of information requests and responses of web servers con­tained in HTTP-headers. And this, in turn, allows you to add additional "intelligence" to the gateways associated with authentication of servers and clients, as well as with the differentiation of access rights to information resources up to individual functions (methods) of web services based on the data contained in "Subject Name" attribute of public key certificates. The implementation of the approach in the Linux environment and the results of an experimental study are described. In particular, the study showed that when calling service functions with a runtime of 0.5 seconds or higher, the secure channel increases the total query execution time by only a few percent, even with a rather large amount of data being transmitted (up to 200 kilobytes).
The Application of Neural Networks in the Construction of a Program for the Markup of Text
Authors:   West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University named after Zhangir Khan, Uralsk, Kazakhstan, Zhaxybayev D. O.
Published: March 2022

This paper explores the use and applications of neural networks in the construction of a text markup program. This research paper describes various tasks that require textual data analysis and discusses the problems, issues, and solutions that accompany them. Interest in neural networks has increased in recent years, and they are find­ing applications in a wide variety of fields, such as business, medicine, engineering, geology, and physics. Neural networks have made great strides in forecasting, planning, and management. There are several reasons for this situation. Neural networks are very powerful modeling systems capable of creating complex dependencies. Neural networks can be widely used in areas such as text/speech recognition, semantic search, decision support/expert systems, inventory forecasting, data storage systems and content analysis. The object of the work is the process of functioning of neural networks and an algorithm for text markup recognition. The purpose of the scientific paper is the application of neural networks in the construction of the program for the markup of the text. In order to achieve the goal, the following tasks were put forward: a) study existing neural networks, b) choose a neural network to cre­ate a model and study its structure, c) convert input data to feed it into a neural network model. Representation and analysis of symbolic structures in neural networks seems to be an interesting and useful direction in neural network theory. In this paper, we have reviewed some neural network architectures that may merit further consideration in these circumstances. In what follows, we will focus on specific experiments in this area. Thus, this paper outlines a problem area for further research and testing.
Spiral of Silence in an Algorithm-Driven Social Media Content Environment: Conceptual Framework and Research Propositions
Authors: Cheong Hyuk Jun , Baksh Sufyan M. , Ju Ilwoo
Published: March 2022

The aim of this conceptual study is to explore the major tenets of the spiral of silence theory (i.e., fear of isolation, willingness to speak out, quasi-statistical sense) within social media environments, where users are predominantly shown content that aligns with their views and interests. In this environment of algorithmic-suggested content, the researchers offer several propositions as to how the spiral of silence tenets operate relative to the perceived anonymity, tie strengths, and the postings suggested by programmed algorithms used by social media platforms. New research directions on spiral of silence theory, social media communication, and opinion polarization are also discussed. Finally, implications for researchers, policymakers, and social media practitioners are addressed.
Öğretmen ve Öğretmen Adaylarının Fen Derslerindeki Değerlendirme Hakkındaki İnanç ve Uygulama Düzeyleri
Authors: KİŞİN Melek , İLHAN Nail
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada, fen bilimleri ve sınıf öğretmeni ve öğretmen adaylarının fen derslerindeki değerlendirmeler hakkındaki inanç ve uygulama düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Fen derslerindeki değerlendirme inanç (FDDİ) düzeyleri ile fen derslerindeki değerlendirme uygulama (FDDU) düzeyleri; biçimlendirici, düzey belirleyici, alternatif ve geleneksel değerlendirme açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Mevcut çalışma tarama yöntemine uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi beş farklı devlet üniversitesinden 321 öğretmen adayı ve ilkokul ve ortaokullarda görev yapan 206 öğretmen olmak üzere toplam 527 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler, “Fen Derslerindeki Değerlendirme Hakkında İnanç ve Uygulama” Ölçeği (FDDİU-Ö) ile elde edilmiştir. FDDİU-Ö’nin maddeleri iki yönlü olarak FDDİ ve FDDU ölçmektedir. Araştırma bulguları fen bilimleri öğretmeni ve sınıf öğretmeni, ve öğretmen adaylarının, fen derslerindeki değerlendirme inanç düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığını, buna karşın FDDU düzeyleri arasında anlamlı farklılıklar olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırma sonuçları, öğretmenlerin mesleki kıdemi ile FDDİ-Ö ortalamaları arasında ve FDDU-Ö ilişkinin olmadığını göstermektedir. Diğer bir araştırma sonucu ise; öğretmen adaylarının akademik lisans genel not ortalamaları (AGNO) ile FDDİ-Ö ortalamaları arasında ilişkinin olmadığını göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan, öğretmen adayların AGNO ortalamaları ile FDDU-Ö ortalamaları arasındaki ilişki düşük düzeyde ve anlamlı düzeyde olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırmada son olarak, öğretmenlerin ve öğretmen adaylarının fen dersindeki değerlendirme inanç düzeylerinin uygulama düzeylerinden anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Evaluation of joint function in hiparthritis with harris score and gait analysis
Authors: Mitskevich V. A. , Zhilyaev A. A. , Popova T. P.
Published: March 2022

Harris hipevaluation score and gait analysis are compared in patients with hiparthritis. The degree of gait abnormality depends not only on joint degeneration but on the compensation provided by the contralateral extremity as well. As Harris score changes the degree of pain and the degree of gait disturbance is changed. The dynamics of clinical evaluation is correlated with gait parameters. Such data as force reaction and gait rhythm may be used to choose the optimal treatment. The higher the force response and gait rhythm asymmetry is the greater becomes the force reaction variability from stepto step. With the progression of hiparthritis the force reaction of the damaged leg is not only decreased but becomes inconstant.
The case of stable post-traumatic deformity of the pelvic ring
Authors: Cherkes-Zade D. I. , Lazarev A. F.
Published: March 2022

We have not found descriptions of such cases of severe deformity of the pelvic ring that developed after a rupture of the pubic symphysis obtained in childhood and subsequent surgical intervention in the available literature, and therefore we consider it appropriate to share our observation.
The quantitative aspects of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Authors:   , Hensel Russell R. , Owens Kevin Glenn
Published: March 2022

The use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOFMS) has largely been restricted to the area of qualitative analysis. We believe one of the major obstacles hindering the use of MALDI for quantitative applications lies in the method of sample preparation. In the research described herein, we present to the reader the aspects of conventional dried drop methods of sample preparation that lead to non-quantitative MALDI, or at best, highly subjective means of quantitation. We further suggest that electrospray sample preparation is a means by which samples may be prepared for more objective quantitative analysis using MALDI TOFMS. Experimental data is provided to support this notion. Additionally, reference calibration curves in neat solutions and from extracts of complex biological matrices are provided. Observations regarding the optimization of the electrospray preparation of samples for quantitative MALDI are also provided. The ability to perform quantitative analysis using electrospray sample preparation for MALDI TOFMS has also allowed us to initiate investigations into the relationships between peptide structure and MALDI ion signal intensities. These preliminary investigations have lead us to hypothesize that there is a positive relationship between the hydrophilicity of a peptide, the number of basic amino acid residues (including amino-terminal groups) contained within the peptide and the MALDI ion signal intensity of that peptide when the sample is prepared using electrospray sample preparation in 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. Specific examples are presented along with the results of a multiple linear regression analysis summarizing the results from our initial investigations. An experimental outline of proposed future work is also presented.
Evolution-assisted discovery of sentinel features in epidemiologic surveillance
Authors:   , Holmes John H. , Strong Gary W.
Published: March 2022

The use of a genetics-based classifier system (CS) in generating epidemiologic hypotheses was investigated. In addition, epidemiologic analytical techniques were used to evaluate the performance of a CS in this problem domain. Five component studies were implemented, using epidemiologic surveillance data over a range of prevalences. The evaluation study investigated the use of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ([theta]) as an alternative to crude accuracy (CA) during the training period. The classification study examined the ability of the CS to classify unencountered patients. The reproducibility study demonstrated the stochastic processes underlying CS performance during training and testing. The payoff-penalty parameterization study investigated the effects of differential penalty for false negative and false positive decisions on learning rate and classification ability. The risk assessment study examined the ability of a CS to derive estimates of risk for purposes of classification. At 50% prevalence, [theta] was identical to CA over the entire training period; with decreasing prevalence, CA increasingly overestimated the learning rate, while [theta] provided more accurate depictions of this measure. Across all four prevalences investigated, the CS was able to classify unseen patients well, with [theta]s ranging from 0.95 at 50% prevalence to 0.78 at 10%. The classifier populations after training indicated considerable generalization; decision rules were discernible on visual examination. When trained and tested using 1,000 different data sets drawn from the same pool, the CS was fairly consistent in terms of learning rate and classification ability, although with sufficient variation to warrant investigating the use of bootstrapping techniques. Biasing the ratio of false positive to false negative (FP:FN) decisions affected the learning rate relative to prevalence. Learning rate was most enhanced at 25% and 10% prevalence by a FP:FN ratio of 4:1 and 10:1, respectively. Across all four prevalences, the CS was able to produce risk estimates that consistently outperformed decision rules derived using logistic regression. The CS was shown to be a useful adjunct to hypothesis generation during epidemiologic surveillance.
A Importância dos Tributos Municipais na Arrecadação do Município de Olímpia-SP
Authors: Pivello Renato Luís
Published: March 2022

ResumoNos últimos anos vários municípios tiveram grandes dificuldades para realização de investimentos e até mesmo manutenção dos serviços públicos para atendimento à população. São grandes os desafios para os gestores municipais, que envolve principalmente uma boa política fiscal para evitar desequilíbrios entre os valores arrecadados e gastos. São muitas as despesas (pessoal, manutenção e outros) e dificilmente essas conseguem ser reduzidas e, temos ainda a impossibilidade de aumento dos tributos existentes ou até mesmo a criação de novos tributos, considerando que já temos uma alta carga tributária em nosso país, uma grande rejeição por parte da população e a falta de previsão legal em nossa constituição. Falasse muito em reformas, como a administrativa e tributária, inclusive com modificações no pacto federativo e distribuição de receitas aos municípios, mas não se tem muito tempo e uma das saídas para aumento da arrecadação está na busca por empresas prestadoras de serviços, com o aumento dos valores do ISSQN; na otimização e cobrança do IPTU por meio de atualizações na legislação e no ITBI, todos tributos de competência municipal, que de forma rápida entra nos cofres públicos municipais.
Palavras-chave: Tributos Municipais. Arrecadação Municipal. ISSQN. IPTU. ITBI.
AbstractIn recent years, several municipalities have had great difficulties in making investments and even maintaining public services to serve the population. The challenges for municipal managers are great, which mainly involves a good fiscal policy to avoid imbalances between the amounts collected and spent. There are many expenses (personnel, maintenance and others) and they can hardly be reduced and we still have the impossibility of increasing existing taxes or even creating new taxes, considering that we already have a high tax burden in our country, a great rejection by the population and the lack of legal provision in our constitution. There was a lot of talk about reforms, such as administrative and tax, including changes in the federative pact and distribution of revenues to municipalities, but there is not much time and one of the ways to increase revenue is the search for service providers, with the increase of the ISSQN values; in the optimization and collection of IPTU through updates to the legislation and ITBI, all taxes under municipal jurisdiction, which quickly enter the municipal public coffers.
Keywords: Municipal Taxes. Municipal Collection. ISSQN. IPTU. ITBI.
Organizacja udostępniania zbiorów w Bibliotece Głównej Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie – wybrane problemy
Authors: Strumińska Anna
Published: March 2022

Streszczenie: Artykuł przedstawia zmiany w organizacji udostępniania zbiorów w Bibliotece Głównej UMCS w okresie ostatnich kilku lat w związku z jej rozbudową i uzyskaniem dodatkowych powierzchni. Omówiono koncepcję tworzenia księgozbiorów z wolnym dostępem do półek w budynku pochodzącym z lat 60. ubiegłego wieku, o architekturze typowej dla zasady trójdzielności pomieszczeń bibliotecznych. Zaprezentowano nowe aranżacje przestrzeni przeznaczonych do pracy indywidualnej i grupowej studentów oraz miejsc relaksu dla czytelników.
Ostatnią część artykułu poświęcono elektronicznym usługom bibliotecznym, korzystaniu online z zasobów cyfrowych oraz nowym narzędziom komunikowania się z użytkownikami w czasie pandemii wiosną 2020 roku.
Impact of the b-Learning Model on University Teaching
Authors:   Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, 2501 Eugenio Garza Sreet, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico, Cedillo-Hernandez Antonio , Velazquez-Garcia Lydia
Published: March 2022

In this work, the impact of the implementation of B-Learning and traditional face-to-face models is analyzed, by comparing the academic results achieved by four groups of university students in the electronics course, by using objective and subjective measurements. Analysis of the results based on objective data demonstrated a lower student dropout rate and an improvement in the general grade point average under the B-Learning model. The subjective comparison collects student’s opinions through a formal evaluation instrument. This analysis concluded that students perceive the teaching-learning process under the B-Learning model more motivating, more useful and that it meets their expectations in a better way. Finally, the Student's t test is carried out to demonstrate that the analyzed research variables present statistically significant differences.
Effective Collaborative Learning through Online Flipped Laboratory amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Prathom, Thailand, Sriphong Lawan , Niratisai Sathit , Sukonpan Chanokporn
Published: March 2022

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has a great impact on pharmacy education. Laboratories needed to shift from traditional learning to full online-learning mode. As a result, the flipped online model has been developed as an online tool to accommodate with this online laboratory requirement. Laboratory experiences in an online collaborative format were conducted in pharmaceutical analysis laboratory course in 2020, and 2021. The students learned in online flipped laboratory can use digital technology quite well. They have been able to perform online laboratory effectively. The perspective of student engagement to collaborative learning was developing among group working. Besides, students showed strong positive-attitude to collaborative learning and teamwork. Nonetheless, in comparison with experiment-practice learning, students reflected negative perception of online learning. Thus, virtual facilitation in pre-class learning material is a key of improvement to strengthen students’ engagement and improve psychomotor skills.
Mobile Assessment to Improve Learning Motivation of Elementary School Students in Online Learning
Authors:   the Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Herwin Herwin , Nurhayati Riana , Dahalan Shakila Che
Published: March 2022

Online-based distance learning during the pandemic has an impact on the teacher's time to students tends to decrease. This triggers a decrease in students' learning motivation because learning is carried out remotely. This study aims to prove the effect of mobile assessment on the learning motivation of elementary school students in online learning. This study is a quantitative study with a pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were elementary school students in Class V. The sample used was 53 students. The selection of research subjects is based on a random sample technique. The research data were collected through a questionnaire designed to measure students' learning motivation. The data collected from both groups were analyzed using paired sample t-test. This study concludes that mobile assessment has a significant positive effect on the learning motivation of elementary school students in online learning. There is an increase in students' learning motivation after the application of mobile assessment in learning activities in online classes.
Improving the Learning Effectiveness of Information System Analysis and Design Courses with Collassion Learning
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia, Arwidiyarti Dwinita , Khaerudin  , Wibawa Basuki
Published: March 2022

The information systems analysis and design course are compulsory in the Information Systems Study Program. The majority of the graduate profiles demonstrate a great level of experience as systems analysts. Every year the number of students in this program at the University of Technology, Mataram, with scores below B is average 37.35%. This value corresponds to the annual student population being unable to conduct the course activities effectively. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to generate an appropriate learning model for the information system analysis and design course to improve higher-order thinking skills. The methodology involved research and development (R&D) that combines two learning development models, termed research and information collection. This research occurs as the first stage of Borg & Gall’s model and the Step of System Approach Model of Educational Research and Development, adapted from Step Learning Design by Dick & Carey. Based on the analysis results of student demands, literature review, and the reference to existing problems, the need to develop a learning model for the information systems analysis and design course appears very essential. This is achieved by adopting a problem-based learning model known as “Collassion”, mainly supported by information and communication technology in relation to collaboration and discussion. A validity test was subsequently performed by 4 experts and the model effectiveness was determined, using product effectiveness analysis. The posttest average score was attained at 81.21, with 82.76% of student completion rate in accordance with the specified minimum competency standards. This score has increased significantly up to 72.41% from the pretest mean value at 43.69, with a percentage of completeness of 6.90%. Furthermore, the effectiveness test results showed the ability of Collassion Learning in enhancing the learning effectiveness of the sample course.
The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Labor Market in Vietnam
Authors:   the Faculty of Business Administration at Banking Academy, Vietnam, Nguyen-Van Ha , Nam Le Hoang , Giang Pham Minh , Hoan Tran Nguyen , Thang Do Van
Published: March 2022

This article explores the effects of the COVID- 19 epidemic on Vietnam's labor market, thereby pointing out the advantages and disadvantages facing the labor market. The article uses qualitative methods and analysis, thereby giving results on the impact of the pandemic on Vietnam's labor market. The study results show that the Vietnamese labor market faces many difficulties in both human and financial resources. The closure (total or temporary) of activities has increasingly enhanced job loss. According to a survey by the General Statistics Office (2020), there are 2900 businesses temporarily closed and 30.8 million workers are affected. These impacts both create opportunities for the market but also cause it to face other challenges. The article also offers solutions that the Government implements to help businesses overcome the crisis.
Labor outcome among obese postdate women undergoing labor induction
Authors: Hassan Mahmoud F. , Rund Nancy M. A.
Published: March 2022

Background: Maternal obesity and postdate pregnancy are common findings among pregnant women worldwide. We aimed to evaluate the influence of maternal obesity on the outcome of labor induction for postdate pregnant women.Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study to compare 118 obese women (≥30 kg/m2) with 118 non-obese women (<30 kg/m2) undergoing labor induction for postdate pregnancy (≥41 weeks). We induced all participants by a uniform protocol according to the Bishop score. The primary outcome measures were the cesarean delivery (CD) rate and the rate of failed induction. Secondary outcomes included prolonged induction- delivery time, prolonged first and second stage of labor, and rate of instrumental delivery. We performed a multivariate regression model to assess for the relation between obesity and the study outcomes of interest.Results: Cesarean delivery was significantly higher in obese women when compared with non-obese women (25.4% vs. 12.7%, p=0.02). Likewise, failed induction rate was significantly lower among non-obese women (5.1% vs. 14.4%. p=0.026). Obese women had increased odds for CD (adjusted odds ratio: 2.24; 95% confidence-interval: 1.13-4.33), failed induction rate (adjusted OR 2.96; 95% CI: 1.15-8.17), prolonged induction-delivery time (adjusted OR 4.57; 95% CI: 1.42-14.74), prolonged first stage of labor (adjusted OR 3.32; 95% CI: 1.07-9.89), prolonged second stage of labor (adjusted OR 4.21; 95% CI: 1.27-13.62), and rate of instrumental delivery (adjusted OR 2.97; 95% CI: 1.16-8.23).Conclusions: Obesity adds more risk to postdate women undergoing induction of labor. Obesity increases the incidence of CD and failed induction among induced postdate women. Therefore, obstetricians should encourage obese women to reduce weight before getting pregnant, and to comply with the optimal weight gain during pregnancy in attempt to reduce the rates of postdating, CD and failed induction.
Study of maternal mortality at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Sarasjothi M. , Lad Sheetal Umesh , Shinde Mangala Ashok
Published: March 2022

Background: Pregnancy is not a disease and so pregnancy related death is almost always preventable. High rates of maternal deaths still exist in places, particularly in underdeveloped communities. The objective was to identify the maternal mortality ratio in our tertiary care centre and to discuss about the causes for maternal deaths.Methods: The present study is a prospective observational study on maternal mortality conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VDGMC, Latur, Maharashtra, India during the period of  18 months from January 2019 to June 2020.Results are expressed in frequencies and percentages.Results: Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in our present study is 335.85 per 1,00,000 live birth. Among direct obstetric causes of maternal deaths, there were 58% hypertensive disorder cases,25% APH cases,25% puerperal sepsis cases, 8% embolism cases. Among indirect causes of maternal deaths, there were 61% anemic cases,39% liver disease cases,33% DIC cases, 11% heart disease.Conclusions: Maternal mortality is widely accepted as a key indicator of health and socioeconomic development. Each stage should be a positive experience, ensuring women and their babies reach their full potential for health and well-being.
Maternal and fetal outcomes in diabetes mellitus in hospitalized women at a tertiary care institute in South India
Authors: Dasari Papa , Ravichandran Nithya
Published: March 2022

Background: Objectives of current study were to find out the proportion of types of diabetes and to know the factors for adverse maternal and fetal outcome in pre-gestational diabetes and gestational diabetes at a tertiary care Institute and to compare the outcomes between pre-gestational diabetes and GDM.Methods: Prospective descriptive study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, at a tertiary care center over a period of 1 year. The inclusion criteria were: pre-gestational diabetes (pregnant women with type 1 & type 2 diabetes mellitus) and gestational diabetes mellitus. Exclusion criteria were steroid induced diabetes, tuberculosis, heart disease, autoimmune disorder, chronic renal failure. Statistical analysis: Maternal & fetal outcomes, presence of complications were expressed as proportions and comparison between the 2 groups is done using Chi-square test.Results: Majority of the women (81.5%) were GDM and 18.5% were pre-gestational diabetics (type I DM-5% and Type II-13.5% of total). Past history of GDM was present in 29% of GDM and 31% of type II DM. Sixty percent of GDM and 40% of PGDM were primigravidae. Significantly a greater number of women were obese in PGDM than GDM. Blood sugars were uncontrolled in 20% more so in women with PGDM. Pregnancy loss was more in PGDM when compared to GDM (17.5% vs. 9.1%). Statistically significantly more number with PGDM suffered from hypertension and preterm labour.Conclusions: Obesity, uncontrolled blood sugars, development of hypertension and pre-term labour are the significant factors resulting in adverse maternal and fetal outcomes and these are more common in women with PGDM.
Hysterosalpingographic findings in infertile women diagnosed with genital tuberculosis
Authors: Thangappah Radha B. P. , Madhava T. M. Vaishnavi , Sundaravadivelu Pavithra , Sowparnika Alagu S. , Ravichandran Monika R.
Published: March 2022

Background: Objectives of the study were to describe the hysterosalpingographic (HSG) findings among infertile women with genital tuberculosis (GTB).Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study conducted at Sri Muthu Kumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, from January 2016 to January 2020. Study population included 51 infertile women with genital tuberculosis. GTB was diagnosed by either culture/histopathological examination (HPE) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies. In these proved cases of tuberculosis, HSG findings were analysed. Permission from the institutional review board was obtained for the retrospective analysis of the hospital data.Results: Among 113 women who underwent hysterosalpingography, 51 were diagnosed with GTB. In these 51 women, the HSG finding were normal in 23.5% and were abnormal in 76.5% of cases. The abnormal HSG findings noted in association with GTB were calcification (3.9%) , distorted uterine cavity (3.9%), beaded tubes, intravasation with blocked tubes (5.9%), fimbrial block with hydrosalpinx (15.6%), cornual block (35.3%) and mid tubal block.Conclusions: Though imaging findings may be highly suggestive of tuberculosis, some of the features such as tubal block and hydrosalpinx are not specific for tuberculosis and may be seen in other infective causes of tubal damage also. Therefore, specific investigations for tuberculosis are still required to make a de­finite diagnosis. The presence of HSG features indicate that considerable tubal damage has occurred.
Study of relationship between maternal high body mass index and obstetrical outcome
Authors: Patel Sugandha , Mehta Ridhdhi
Published: March 2022

Background: Evaluate the impact of higher body mass index (BMI) on the maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancies complicated by obesity.Methods: This is prospective cohort study conducted in obstetrics and gynaecology department. The 86 women with BMI>25 kg/m2 (cases) were compared with 90 women with BMI<25 kg/m2 (control) with regard to ante-natal complications, intervention in labour, maternal morbidity and neonatal outcome. Outcome of these variables in both groups were calculated statistically.Results: Obese women were significantly more likely to have gestational hypertension (OR=5.14; p=0.023) preeclampsia (OR=2.72; p=0.0445), gestational diabetes (OR=5.78; p=0.0133), abnormal weight gain (p=0.0001), induced labour (OR=2.26; p=0.04), cesarean delivery (OR=3.09; p=0.001), wound infection (OR=2.59; p=0.01) and adverse neonatal outcome.Conclusions: Obesity is an independent risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes and hence preventable steps should be taken for reducing the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Intravenous verses oral iron supplementation for anaemia of pregnancy in the arid region of Western India: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jain Yogesh K. , Joshi Nitin K. , Shah Kalpana R. , Chittora Isha , Joshi Vibha
Published: March 2022

Background: India has a high prevalence of anemia in pregnant females, resulting greater risk of blood transfusion and its associated complications during the peripartum period. Administration of intravenous iron sucrose may reduce such a risk. Due to a greater prevalence in western arid region of India, this study was planned to compare efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose and oral ferrous ascorbate in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia of pregnancy in a community health center of rural Jodhpur.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Community Health Center of Jodhpur to review the heamoglobin values of pregnant females in 28 to 37 weeks of gestation, treated with either intravenous iron sucrose or oral iron ascorbate. Cohorts were matched based on parity and age, and the hemoglobin values after 2, 4 and 6 weeks of start of therapy were compared using independent t-test.  Results: Of the 152 pregnant females’ records included in the study, 82 were provided intravenous therapy and 70 were given oral iron therapy. Both the modes of administration showed marked increase in heamoglobin values, with statistically more significant rise through parenteral route at each point of measurement. Overall change in mean heamoglobin was 2.43 g/dl through iv route and 0.61 g/dl through oral route (p<0.001). Adverse events following therapy were reported by 9 females from intravenous group and 31 women from oral group.Conclusions: The study provided evidence that parenterally administered iron sucrose elevated hemoglobin and restored iron stores better than oral ferrous ascorbate with lesser adverse reactions.
Importance of parenteral iron sucrose therapy in correction of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy
Authors: Shah Aayushi B. , Shah Parul T. , Patel Rina V. , Patel Shlok
Published: March 2022

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is described as decrease in the hemoglobin and/or the amount of red blood cells in the blood due to iron insufficiency in the body. The aim of the study was to measure the efficacy and tolerability of iron sucrose   in iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women.Methods: This was the prospective study of 50 pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia (Hb- 5 g/dl to 8 g/dl) between 20-34 weeks of gestation, who were given intravenous iron sucrose as per their requirements and follow up measurement of Hb was done.Results: Mean rise in Hb was seen by 2.2 g/dl. Minor side effects were seen in 6 out of 50 participants.        Conclusions: Parenteral iron sucrose therapy can be used effectively and safely in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia
Association between body mass index and operative morbidity in women undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications: a cohort study
Authors: Kose Varsha , Kawthalkar Anjali , Bhalerao Anuja , Nayse Jaydeep , Jain Sheela , Kose Saurabh
Published: March 2022

Background: Hysterectomy is the most common gynaecological operation performed in the world. This study was done to investigate association between body mass index (BMI) and operative morbidity in women who underwent hysterectomy for benign indications.Methods: Total 201 women were studied. 114 (56.7%) had BMI between 20-24.9 and 87 (43.3%) had BMI 25 and above. In both groups, abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy were performed. They were compared for duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative fever, wound infection, secondary haemorrhage, deep vein thrombosis, resuturing and readmission.Results: Mean duration of surgery in women with BMI 20-24.9 was 2.47 hours, standard deviation was 0.665 and in women with BMI 25 and above was 2.45 hours, and standard deviation was 0.589. T value was 0.215 and p value was 0.83 which is not statistically significant. Mean blood loss during surgery with BMI less than 25 was 184.74 ml, standard deviation was 104.518 and with BMI more than 25 was 200.57 ml, and standard deviation was 77.462. T value was 1.234 and p value was 0.219 which is not clinically significant. Out of 114 women with BMI less than 25, 16 (38.1%) had complications and 98 (61.6%) had no complications. Out of 87 women with BMI more than 25, 26 (61.9%) had complications and 61 (38.4%) had no complications, Chi square test was 7.48, and p value of 0.006 which was clinically significant. It shows that women with BMI 25 and above had more chances of postoperative complications.Conclusions: There is no statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and duration of surgery in both women with normal BMI and women with BMI 25 and above who underwent hysterectomy. But postoperative complications in terms of wound infection, fever, bleeding, necessity of resuturing and readmission were more in women with BMI 25 and above as compared to women with normal BMI.