bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic effectiveness evaluation of weapon system based on PFCSM method
Authors: Hu Lei , Yi Guoxing , Nan Yi , Zhao Hui , Wang Hao , Cao Zhihui
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the problem of weapon system dynamic effectiveness evaluation, this paper proposes the weapon system dynamic effectiveness evaluation method based on probability finite combination state machine. The method can formally describe the key nodes in the whole process of weapon system operation in the way that states, inputs and transfer functions were applied to characterize the dynamic evolution of weapon system operation effectiveness, consequently, the operation effectiveness of the whole life cycle of weapon system can be evaluated. Taking the sea-skimming missile attacking warship as an example, we dynamically evaluate the operational effectiveness of the anti-ship missile in the whole life cycle and find the key nodes which cause the change of operational effectiveness, consequently, the dynamic effectiveness evaluation can provide auxiliary decision-making support for the optimization of combat planning. The reliability, dynamics, applicability and expansibility of the proposed method were analysed in conclusion.
Quality Evaluation Method for Settlement Data Matching Based on Grey Correlation Analysis
Authors: Jiao Yangyang , liu Pingzhi , Qi Peixin
Published: February 2022

To solve the problem that the quality of spatial data matching is difficult to evaluate, this paper proposes a method of matching quality evaluation based on grey correlation machine learning analysis, it’s a method that takes settlement data for example and utilizes the weight of matching index. The method can be performed through the following steps: first, measure the location, area, orientation delta of the settlement entity, and analyzes its grey correlation relationship, then the paper gets the weight of each kind of graphic data delta; second, calculate the graphic data delta of identical entity in original matching data to judge whether the matching relationship is correct. Experiments illustrate that the method is more feasible and practical, for it can measure the graphic data delta and weight effectively and practically and detect the mistakes of original matching data.
Study on fault feature extraction of ECS turbine bearing by combination of EEMD and HMM
Authors: Yan Jianqiang , Yu Jiangyun , Zhuang Weidong , Li Long , Chen Yongwei
Published: February 2022

According to nonstationary characteristics of aircraft environment control system turbine bearings, the objective in the paper is to present EEMD and HMM method to extract characteristic quantities. Firstly, vibration signals under different operating conditions, such as normal bearing and cage fracture under partial load condition, are decomposited by EEMD to filter noise signal and advance signal-to-noise. Then HMM of those signals is calculated, contrasted and analyzed after space reconstruction. The experimental result show that the HMM can be used as the characteristic quantity of ECS turbine bearing on running state. Moreover, this method can accurately and effectively identify the running state of the bearing.
CFETR Nb3Sn coil in heat treatment deformation analysis and fixture designing
Authors: Song Jian , Wu Yu , Han Houxiang
Published: February 2022

According to the research, it is found that the Hybrid Magnet coils, JT-60SA, ITER and CSMC coils are fixed by coils during heat treatment in order to prevent the coils deforming due to the release of residual stress. Since the penultimate process step of CFETR CSMC Nb3Sn coil manufacturing process is the final assembly of the coil, the theoretical value of the initial unilateral gap between Nb3Sn inner and outer coils is 27.4mm, and the theoretical value of the initial unilateral gap between Nb3Sn outer coil and NbTi coil is 50mm. This gap will be reduced in each process of coil manufacturing process. In order to successfully assemble the coil, it is of great significance to analyze and develop a set of tooling to reduce coil deformation in heat treatment process.
Study on Vibration and Heat Transfer Performances of a Modified Elastic Tube Bundle Heat Exchanger
Authors: Ji Jiadong , Deng Xu , Zhang Jingwei , Li Feiyang , Zhou Rong
Published: February 2022

Based on the bi-directional fluid-structure coupling method, the vibration and heat transfer performances of a modified elastic tube bundle heat exchanger are studied. The vibration frequency and amplitude of tube bundle are compared between different directions and tube row spacing. Furthermore, the Nusselt number of tube bundle are studied in vibrational and non-vibrational cases. The numerical results represent that the vibration amplitude of tube bundle is the largest in the z direction, which is 7.25 times that in the y direction (direction of the smallest amplitude). In the calculation scope, the vibration frequency and amplitude promote with tube row spacing. From 50 mm to 90 mm spacing, the vibration frequency and amplitude increase by 21.88% and 10.65%, respectively. The Nusselt number under the fluid-induced vibration increases up to 11.67% compared with non-vibration. Besides, the Nusselt number of tube bundle in the middle part is lower than that at the two ends. Within 50-90 mm interval, the enhanced heat transfer effect rises along with tube row spacing. The rising rate of the Nusselt number increases by 52.4%. in the range of computation.
Research on Fault Feature Extraction of Rolling Bearing Based on dFIF
Authors: Chen Xueliang , Chen Baojia , Chen Zhengkun
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the problems that the traditional adaptive mode decomposition method has low decomposition efficiency, poor ability of anti-mode mixing and decomposition accuracy, a rolling bearing fault feature recognition method based on direct fast iterative filtering (dFIF) and the crest factor of envelope spectrum is proposed. dFIF first decomposes the raw rolling bearing vibration signal into a set of intrinsic mode function (IMFs), then the optimal component is chosen based on the maximal crest factor of envelope spectrum, and finally the bearing fault characteristic frequency and its frequency multiplication are extracted using envelope demodulation analysis. It is demonstrated by relevant experimental data that the proposed method has efficient decomposition speed, accurate decomposition accuracy, and the accurate selection of effective components, and can effectively realize rolling bearing fault detection.
Structure design and simulation analysis of the water surface cleaning robot
Authors: Wang Pei , Fu Yupeng , Yang Hang , Peng He , Wang Hetao , Ding Rongtao
Published: February 2022

In order to effectively carry out water management and reduce people’s labor intensity, a double-hull water surface garbage cleaning robot is designed, using a pair of adjustable speed pump propellers to provide driving and steering power to the robot. It identifies the water surface garbage position through the binocular camera and algorithm, and the linkage mechanism is designed to complete the garbage pickup function. Through the Raspberry Pi as a controller, the robot has an autonomous intelligent recognition function and an autonomous recovery system. The kinematic simulation analysis shows that the robot garbage picks quickly and accurately; through the prototype function test, the robot is suitable for various complex water environment, with high operation efficiency and reliable performance, and can be widely used in water management.
The bending control of the soft pneumatic fìnger
Authors: Gao Renxiang , Fang Jiwen , Qiao Jinyu , Li Chong , Zhang Lianren
Published: February 2022

A soft finger is derived from the multi-chambers structure of PneuNets actuators. It includes the top extensible layer with ten pleated chambers and the bottom constraint layer. This soft finger is made of the same silicone rubber material, and the thickness of the bottom layer was increased to replace the hard material as the constraint layer. A model between the bending degree of the soft finger and input pneumatic pressure is constructed to describe the bending characteristics. And the finite element method is utilized to analyze the behaviors of the soft finger. It can be seen that the bending angle will fluctuate with the fluctuation of the input pneumatic pressure. The purpose of the bending control is to reduce the pressure fluctuations in the inner cavity of the soft finger through the control strategy. The bending control is realized by PID, PI, nonlinear PID, and PID based on the endocrine system (ES-PID). Compared to other algorithms, the ES-PID controller can improve the positioning accuracy and better adjust the pressure fluctuations in the inner cavity of the soft finger.
Study on the Application of Tobacco Dust Purification System in Situ
Authors: Zhang Guoping , Shao Jianming , Xu Ronghua , Zhang Xioabai
Published: February 2022

Dust prevention and control in the tobacco industry has always been the top priority, because the discharge of tobacco dust can cause workers’ pneumoconiosis, explosions, fires and other safety hazards. This article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional three kinds of dust collectors. The author designed a tobacco dust in-situ purification system based on the principle of throttling gas-liquid exchange. The experiment selects the three factors of the initial liquid level, inlet wind speed, and feed concentration in the system, and conducts orthogonal experiments to obtain the purification efficiency of the system under different experimental conditions. The results show that the maximum purification efficiency of the laboratory can reach 99.27%. The purification efficiency is mainly referred to between 97%∼99%. Through the actual application of the site, it can be known that under the long-term operation of the system, the emission concentration at different links and distances is still less than 2 mg/m3, which meets the national dust emission standard.
Thermal Analysis of Cylindrical Roller Bearing Considering Thermo-Mechanical Coupling
Authors: Wen Baogang , Wang Jiayu , Wang Meiling , Zhang Xu
Published: February 2022

Thermal characteristic is important performance of the bearing, which reflects the friction characteristics of bearing. Thermal characteristics of bearing will change along with internal behavior when the bearing fails. There is a very complex coupling relationship. It is an important implication for the thermal analysis cylindrical roller bearing considering thermo-mechanical coupling. A model of heat generation for cylindrical roller bearing considering thermo-mechanical coupling is established based on the method of quasi-static and thermal network of bearing to solve the complex thermo-mechanical coupling of bearing. And then, the variation of complex thermal-mechanical characteristics such as friction torque, contact force and temperature for cylindrical roller bearing with wear failure is analyzed. The results show that the heat generation characteristics of the bearing are strongly coupled with the internal contact force and clearance. And the decrease of bearing clearance and the increment of contact force and friction torque, even rotor binding.with the increasing of wear degree.
Application of Sliding Smoothing Method Denoising in Model Updating Damage Identification
Authors: Tu Fei
Published: February 2022

The accuracy of finite element model updating for structural damage identification is easily affected by the noise in the measured modal, so the sliding smoothing method is introduced to reduce the impact of noise. In each iteration step, the sliding smoothing method denoising is applied to the difference between measured modal and simulated modal from the finite element model because the time-frequency characteristic of actual modal is different from noise modal. The modal parameters after denoising are used to construct objective function for modal updating, and the optimal question is solved to determine the stiffness in finite element model. Finally, the stiffness change can indicate the damage position and magnitude. The numerical analysis shows the proposed method can improve the robustness of finite element model updating for the structural damage identification.
Experimental Study on the Emission Performance of Lean Premixed Bunsen Flame with Piloted Rich Premixed Flame
Authors: Cui Yongzhang , Zhang Lili , Yu Chang , Yin Pengfei , Liu Yiming
Published: February 2022

Lean premixed flame has lower nitrogen oxide emission for lower flame temperature. Whereas its poor flame stability, an annual rich pilot premixed flame was used to enhance flame stability and reduce emissions with lower ratio of pilot flame and main lean flame load. With the increasing of pilot flame load, air coefficient of main flame increases gradually. Increasing the main flame load, the air coefficient of stable main flame decreases, while the nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide changes little. Under all main flame load, nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide decrease sharply at first and then gets slowly. The ultralow Nitrogen Oxide of 18 mg/m³and carbon monoxide of 50 mg/m³can be reached, under the condition of main flame air coefficient from 1.3 to 1.5.
Intelligent Leakage Location of Urban Small Water Supply Network
Authors: Liu Songzi , Lv Mou , Li Hongwei
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the leakage location model of pipe network is established based on EPANET software. Two intelligent swarm optimization algorithms, ant lion optimization algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm, are used to solve the model. Taking the industrial water supply network of a coastal city in North China as an example, the operation of the two algorithms is analyzed and compared. The results show that the ant lion optimization algorithm has stronger global optimization ability and higher search efficiency in the problem of leakage location; it also has high application value in practical engineering.
Prediction of Maximum Surface Settlements of Bai∼Hua Tunnel Section based on Machine Learning
Authors: Chen Jinmiao , Shen Xiaoyun , Chen Qiujie
Published: February 2022

Research on the settlement caused by subway tunnel construction has always been an essential issue in tunnel research. However, due to the complexity of soil characteristics and construction parameters, using empirical formulas or numerical simulations to predict the maximum ground settlement is challenging to balance ease of use and accuracy. In recent years, with the rapid development of machine learning theory and computer science technology, machine learning algorithms are increasingly being used to predict the maximum settlement. Random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN) are often used to predict settlement. However, applying the extreme gradient boosting algorithm (XGB) in predicting the settlement is rarely seen. This article compares these three machines learning algorithms, using tunnel geometric parameters, shield construction parameters, and geological parameters as input parameters to predict the maximum ground settlement caused during tunnel construction. Compared with linear regression, the result shows these three machine learning algorithms can achieve higher quality results, and the stability of the RF and the XGB model is better than the neural network model. The XGB method can obtain the best results.
Intelligent Paving and Rolling Construction Technology of Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Yuan Taiping , Wang Zheng , Hong Qiaozhang , Chen Jing , Lei Jiechao , Meng Yongjun
Published: February 2022

The intelligent construction system of asphalt pavement consists of an intelligent paver, driverless roller, mobile base station, intelligent control program, etc. By installing GPS(BDS)+ GNS satellite receiver, 5G communication chip, microwave communication host, radio signal receiving antenna on the construction equipment and connecting with the processor, switch, program software, and other components set on the equipment, integrate the laser obstacle avoidance radar, infrared temperature detection device, laser ranging sensor and other terminal equipment set on the equipment to realize the intellectualization of equipment use function; By running the intelligent control system, mobile 5G communication base station system and construction area acquisition system, command the linkage operation of multiple intelligent types of equipment to realize the intelligent control of pavement construction and meet the requirements of asphalt pavement design specifications.
Review of Research on Extraction of Urease from Microorganisms and Plants
Authors: Cui Meng , Lü Suying , Xiong Huihui
Published: February 2022

Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) and Enzyme Induced Carbonate Precipitation (EICP) are the two most widely studied new technologies for soil solidification in recent years, both of which can be used to improve the engineering properties of soil. This paper briefly introduces the principle of MICP and EICP technology, and summarizes the application of different kinds of microorganisms and plants urease extracts. Finally, based on the existing research results, different kinds of microorganisms and plants urease extracts were compared from multiple perspectives.
Static Performance Analysis of Special-Shaped Lightweight SI Floor Slab
Authors: Tu Bin , Su Ge , Hong Cheng , Liu Kai , Zhou Haonan
Published: February 2022

The special-shaped lightweight SI (skeleton and infill) floor structure studied in this paper is a kind of space reserved in the structure of the structure, and there is no need to erect a cavity in the later decoration process to realize the structure and the A new type of fabricated floor with separation of pipelines. In order to study the force mechanism and influencing factors of this new structure, this paper uses Midas FEA finite element software to analyze the deformation and stress of the structural element, and studies the influence of the number of slots and the size of the slots on the static performance of the structure. The analysis results show that the new floor slab performs well in static performance and can achieve a larger space span; under the premise of ensuring the same capacity, increasing the number of wire ducts and reducing the size of the wire ducts can effectively solve the stress concentration in the middle of the floor slab. Phenomenon, and improve the rigidity of the structure. The result of the parametric analysis is: the best structural layout is based on the transverse central axis, with 2 wire slots reserved on the upper board, 3 wire slots reserved on the lower board, and the specification of the wire slot is 70mm×50mm×20mm.
Measurement of Aspheric Surfaces Using an Arcuate Region Scanning Method by 2D Laser Displacement Sensor
Authors: Lan Menghui , Li Bing , Wei Xiang , Wu Xiuyuan
Published: February 2022

This study proposes an effective measurement of aspheric surfaces using arcuate region scanning method by 2D laser displacement sensor. In a global coordinate system, the point cloud data of each arcuate region in aspheric surface are obtained successively, coordinated with the rotation of the rotating platform and the transverse movement of the 2D laser displacement sensor in a fixed step size. When scanning different areas, it is necessary to calculate the scanning angle gap and included angle according to different scanning length of arc. Then the aspheric surface error could be calculated through the reconstruction consequence. It can be used for in-situ measurement in the processing stage of aspheric mirrors. We present an experiment compared with the measurement results of PGI to verify the validity of this measurement method.
Investigations on Breakdown Voltage of Trench-gate-type Super Barrier Rectifier with Stepped Oxide
Authors: Xu Dalin , Wang Yuqi , Li Xinhua , Shi Tongfei
Published: February 2022

A novel trench-gate-type super barrier rectifier (TSBR) with stepped oxide (SO-TSBR) is proposed and researched by device simulator. As an improved TSBR structure, the proposed SO-TSBR with high breakdown voltages be effective in achieving low forward voltage drop. Simulations have demonstrated the two-dimensional charge coupling in the N-drift region resulting in an optimal electric field distribution. The 280 V SO-TSBR used for the numerical simulations decreases the on-state drop by 26.6% at the forward current density of 2.5 A/cm2 than that of the conventional TSBR. The SO-TSBR with deep trench structure reduces further the forward voltage drop by 11.0% at the forward current density of 20 A/cm2.
Angle Steel Tower Bolt Defect Detection Based on Transformer
Authors: Zhang Jinfeng , Hu Yuanwei , Ji Shujun
Published: February 2022

The bolts of the angle steel tower will rust, loose, and fall off under natural conditions. Traditional manual bolt defect detection is inefficient and dangerous. This paper proposes CViT-FRCNN based on ViT-FRCNN, which uses a convolutional neural network as the backbone model and the output features are input to the Transformer encoder. Compared with the direct patch embedding of ViT-FRCNN, this can improve the richness of input features and detection accuracy. A series of experiments show that our proposed model achieves the best performance in angle steel tower bolt defect detection and meets the needs of power inspection scenarios.
Femtosecond Laser Machining of Flexible Printed Circuit Boards
Authors: Lu Zheng , Wang Mingdi , Zhang Pengcheng , Li Chuanzhu
Published: February 2022

As the demand grows for high-density electronic components and highly integrated printed circuit boards, femtosecond laser micromachining provides unique opportunities for creating fine conductive tracks and patterns on flexible printed circuit boards (FPCBs) without the use of a mask. Here, the effects of femtosecond laser power and pulse frequency on micromachining depth, surface roughness and copper content of the machined zone were investigated, and optimum laser parameters, i.e., laser power 280 mW and pulse repetition frequency 39.5 kHz, were achieved with the help of a 3D optical profilometer and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). On this basis, a single conductive track with varying widths and two parallel conductive tracks with different widths/spacings were micromachined on FPCBs without noticeable substrate damage. The results indicate that a single conductive line with a feature width as small as 25 µm can be achieved, and two parallel copper tracks can be created with no evidence of the presence of copper residues between the tracks when the pre-defined spacing is no less than 45 µm . In order to achieve high micromachining accuracy, look-up tables that correlate measured widths/spacing of conductive tracks with the pre-defined ones were built.besides, machining conductive tracks with 135 degree corner is possible and by selecting optimized processing parameters. Finally, a driving circuit for a display panel was micromachined on FPCBs using femtosecond laser, and an average micromachining accuracy of 0.67 μm was achieved. This work will be quite useful for creating high density and precision patterns on FPCBs using femtosecond laser.
Power spectrum scaling as a measure of critical slowing down and precursor to tipping points in dynamical systems
Authors: Prettyman Joshua , Kuna Tobia , Livina Valerie
Published: February 2022

Many dynamical systems experience sudden shifts in behaviour known as tipping points or critical transitions, often preceded by the ‘critical slowing down’ (CSD) phenomenon whereby the recovery times of a system increase as the tipping point is approached. Many attempts have been made to find a tipping point indicator: a proxy for CSD, such that a change in the indicator acts as an early warning signal. Several generic tipping point indicators have been suggested, these include the power spectrum (PS) scaling exponent whose use as an indicator has previously been justified by its relationship to the well-established detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) exponent. In this paper we justify the use of the PS indicator analytically, by considering a mathematical formulation of the CSD phenomenon. We assess the usefulness of estimating the PS scaling exponent in a tipping point context when the PS does not exhibit power-law scaling, or changes over time. In addition we show that this method is robust against trends and oscillations in the time series, making it a good candidate for studying resilience of systems with periodic oscillations which are observed in ecology and geophysics.
Optimization of ideal temperature using Mamdani fuzzy logic alogorithm on tunnel flow type chicken cage for brooding period
Authors: Arief U M , Damayanti S
Published: February 2022

Consumption of meat, particularly chicken meat, is increasing in Indonesia year after year, resulting in an increase in chicken meat output. The first step in improving the quality of chicken meat production is to boost success during the brooding stage, with one of the most critical stages being the achievement of the appropriate temperature requirement throughout the brooding period. Good broiler performance will result from uniform cage temperature during brooding. Too-cold temperatures will cause chicks to cuddle close to the heater and be too lethargic to conduct activities such as feeding and drinking. Chickens suffer from stunted growth as a result of this condition. A temperature that is excessively high, on the other hand, will force the chicks to flee the heater and seek a cooler location with better airflow. A fuzzy algorithm is an alternate way for temperature regulation that can maintain the temperature requirement of chicks during brooding. The Mamdani fuzzy approach utilized has the advantage of producing better results than other fuzzy methods. The findings of a temperature management system designed utilizing the Mamdani fuzzy approach with a tunnel flow cage design, a 100-watt bulb heater, two cooling pads, and three fans were able to maintain the appropriate temperature for 14 days in this investigation.
Stress and displacement analysis of powder packaging machine of capacity 2,600 pcs/hours
Authors: Al-Janan D H , Kriswanto  , Unggul R , Roziqin A , Widodo R D , Hangga A , Wiratama B , Wijayanto B , Jamari J
Published: February 2022

This study aims are to analyze stress and displacement using Finite Element Method (FEM) of the three components design of powder packaging machine. The safety factor (SF) is calculated to compare with the design acceptance criteria, more than two. The frame is made of ASTM A36 steel angle bar, while the camshaft and sealer sleeve of AISI 1018. Steel angle bar widths of 40x40 (mm) and 50x50 (mm) with a thickness of 3,4,5 (mm) use for the frame design variant. The diameters of the camshaft design variants are 0.75”, 1”, and 1.25”. Then, the sealer sleeve variant utilizes thicknesses of 10, 12, and 14 (mm). Loading assumption during adverse operating conditions, such as when there is an obstacle or jam. Through the finite element method results, increasing the thickness of the frame also the sealer sleeve, and increasing the diameter of the camshaft, produced a decrease in the value of von mises stress and displacement. The safety factor for all variants of frame thickness was more than two, indicating that all designs were safe and acceptable. Nevertheless, there is one design failure on the camshaft and sealer sleeve because the SF value is less than two.
Preserving snapper spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) using ozone technology and cold temperature
Authors: Wulansarie R , Bismo S , Stefani A , Maulana B R , Rengga W D P
Published: February 2022

Indonesia has abundant natural resources, one of which is agricultural products. One of the abundant agricultural products in Indonesia is snapper spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) which contains various kinds of nutrients. Snapper spinach can contain harmful contaminants, one of which is E. coli bacteria. These bacteria can cause snapper spinach to rot easily, so it needs to be removed or reduced. This study aims to determine the effect of ozone and/or cold temperatures on the shelf-life quality of snapper spinach (Amaranthus hybridus). The research methods include the preparation process, the washing process, the storage process (using ozone, cold temperatures, and cold ozone). The results of the study were tested using the TPC test. The best research result is that the process of adding cold temperatures after the ozone method treatment is very influential both in terms of physical and in terms of microbial contamination, seen in samples treated with ozone washed using water and stored at cold temperatures looks better than those stored at room temperature.
Increasing groundwater replenishment through environmentally friendly parking lot pavement model
Authors: Wulandari D A , Suripin  , Ulfiana D , Hermawan C W , Grimaldi E
Published: February 2022

Paving blocks are basically permeable pavements, which can reduce surface runoff by infiltrate rainwater into the ground. So that the installation of paving blocks on parking lots has an environmental function for filling groundwater. However, what is happening in the field today is that paving blocks behave like an impermeable layer. When it rains, it cannot absorb water or only absorbs a little water so that inundations occur. This can be caused by, among other things, the installation of paving blocks or the improper pavement structure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model of the parking lot pavement structure that is environmentally friendly, while contributing to groundwater filling, and reducing the surface runoff. The research was conducted by making a physical model of the permeability test. Parking lot pavement structure with arrangement permeable paving block, bedding layer and graded based layer will be placed on a test kit equipped with a control valve. With the system of partly filtration, it will be possible to know the amount of discharge absorbed by the model. So that the parking lot pavement structure will be obtained that can contribute to groundwater filling and its application to various types of subgrade.
Modelling of lighting system utilizing natural and artificial lighting using DIALux
Authors: Hangga A , Nisa A M , Apriliyanto M , Afandi M , Pratama D , Aziz M A , Wijanarko A , Witrianto S
Published: February 2022

The uniformity of daylight in the classroom contributes to indoor visual comfort in the learning process. A Classroom that has non-uniform illuminance and is unsuitable with 350-3000 lux can affect visual discomfort. This study aims to design a classroom lighting system using daylight and artificial lighting according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 6197-2011 to get visual comfort. The results of this study are expected to increase the efficiency of electricity consumption and to solve the visual discomfort problem followed by SNI 6197-2011. This research using E11-210 and E11-112 classroom Universitas Negeri Semarang with the dimension about 12m x 9m x 3,5m. Based on observation, the classrooms had an illuminance of more than 20,000 lux with a uniformity less than 0,6 in the afternoon. Simulation in this study using Dialux Evo software with replacing the layouts of lamp, type of lamps and armature, modifying power of lamp, and implementing dynamics blinds. The result shows that the simulation can solve visual discomfort corresponding to SNI 6197-2011. This paper also presents that LED Tube power modification from 21 – 25 watts can save electricity costs by 37.3%.
Physical characteristics and nutritional value of cassava analogue rice with fortified protein tempeh and the addition of xanthan gum for healthy dieters
Authors: Putri R D A , Rohmah K A N , Lestari I P , Bahlawan Z A S , Astuti W , Kusumaningrum M , Yanuar T R , Nurzulcha F , Purwanti D
Published: February 2022

Food diversification is an initiative to diversify local foods in order to gain a wider range of nutrients. One kind of food diversification is the creation of analogue rice. Cassava has a high starch content and can be used to replace rice as a carbohydrate source. The purpose of this research is to assess the influence of tempeh flour fortification and the inclusion of xanthan gum produced with cassava flour on the physical properties and nutritional value of alternative analogue rice products for healthy dieters. The stage of this research was making cassava flour; the stage of making composite flour with the formulation of cassava flour 30-45 percent wt, tempeh flour 5 - 20 percent wt, xanthan gum 2 percent; analogue rice synthesis stage; and testing the characteristics of analogue. The results showed that the ratio of cassava flour: tempeh flour: xanthan gum (30%:20%:2%) was the best ratio to produce analogue rice, which contained 9.24 percent water content; ash 2.44 percent; fat 6.31 percent; protein 18.38 percent; carbohydrates 54.39 percent; fibre 9.24 percent, water absorption value 243.32 percent, swelling power 6.7 g/g, and bulk density 0,4214 g/ml, and rehydration time 6,10 minutes.
Simulation and design of smart clothesline using fuzzy for weather forecast
Authors: Andrasto T , Musaropah  , Haryono  , Joko T , Kardoyo
Published: February 2022

Information about weather is very important for human life. For this reason, a weather prediction system is needed that can read predictions correctly. One of the correct prediction systems is fuzzy systems. Fuzzy systems are used because they can make accurate and accurate weather predictions like human logic. The system used needs to be simulated to obtain the right model. The right software to simulate is Simulink MATLAB. In this study will take the DHT 22 and LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensor data from Arduino which will be processed by Simulink MATLAB using the Fuzzy Mamdani system. From the experiments conducted, we managed to make a simulation of predicting the weather using Mamdani fuzzy logic. The defuzzification results from this study can be used to control motors, heaters, etc.
The spatial phenomenon of Kin’s settlements in the UNNES campus area: study of activities and the meaning of spaces
Authors: Prihanto T , Rahadini A , Diharto  , Wibowo A A
Published: February 2022

The development of campuses on the outskirts of the city is forming new satellite cities, including the Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) expanding its new campus in Sekaran Village, Gunungpati sub-district. The existence of this campus has a major impact on regional development, and affects land use. The characteristics of the countryside with local wisdom still seem to color the socio-cultural life of the people of Sekaran, and also affect the space and environment of the settlements where they live. This phenomenon indicates that there is a strong kinship among the sedentary groups. This study aims to: (1) explore the spatial phenomenon of kin’s settlements; (2) revealing the activities and meaning of spaces. In order to achieve the objectives, this research uses a phenomenological approach. The results of the study illustrate that the setting of kins settlements is formed by internal aspects, namely: the location of inheritance land, orientation between dwellings, access between dwellings, kin’s activities and the influence of the UNNES Campus which encourages the formation of new functions in kin’s settlements that have economic value. The existence of space and activities together strengthens the meaning of shared space in kin’s settlements.
The relation between historical context and structural change in Central Java and Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahadini A
Published: February 2022

The basis argument of this study departures from the spatial differences between north and south region of Central Java. The north-south corridor classification derives from the rapid growth in north coastal region and the prosperous inland principalities in south-central region during Java colonial. The rivalry between The Dutch and inland principalities to attain absolute control over north-east region indicates that the north corridor plays the primary region. This geographical interpretation of north-(interior)-south region has been embedded in mind. This study explores the spatial pattern of socio-economic distribution in Central Java and Yogyakarta based on regional specialization. The result of the simple Location Quotient (??) indicator from 1990-2010 shows that structural change from the agriculture to the non-agriculture sectors was mostly found in the north corridor. On the contrary, the primary sector in south corridor remained agriculture.
Effect of trass substitution in sand on the compressive and flexure strength of concrete
Authors: Priastiwi Y A , Muhrozi  , Setiadji B H , Adi R B K
Published: February 2022

The existence of limitations in the supply of sand as a concrete material requires an alternative. On the other hand, the potential trass in Rembang is quite abundant and has not been utilized optimally. This study utilizes the potential of trass ex. Rembang is a substitution of sand in concrete with compressive and flexural strength as test parameters. Concrete with a design quality of 33 MPa is made from the split, cement, water, and sand substituted with trass 0,20,40,50,60,80, and 100% of the weight of sand in cylinders 15/30 cm and beams 15x15x60 cm. The concrete was treated with wet burlap and tested at the 3, 7, 14, 28, and 90 days in compression also 7 and 28 days in flexure. The test results show that the presence of trass in the concrete reduces the concrete compressive strength by 17% until 42% of the concrete compressive strength without trass. Moreover, the flexural strength decreases by 7% to 23%. Concrete using a fine aggregate in the form of trass (100% trass) has increased compressive strength with increasing age of the concrete, but with a compressive strength of 36% lower than the compressive strength of concrete with sand as the fine aggregate.
Handedness and Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis: Potential Indications for Hemispheric Vulnerability
Authors: Miller Jennifer R , Altaras Caroline , Zemon Vance , Barr William B , Weinberger Andrea H , Foley Frederick W
Published: February 2022

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects over 2.5 million individuals worldwide, yet much of the disease course is unknown. Hemispheric vulnerability in MS may elucidate part of this process but has not yet been studied. The current study assessed neuropsychological functioning as it relates to hemispheric vulnerability in MS.

Methods

Verbal IQ, as measured by verbal comprehension index (VCI), nonverbal IQ, as measured by perceptual reasoning index (PRI) and memory acquisition were compared in right-handed (dextral) and non-right-handed (non-dextral) persons with MS (PwMS).

Results

Linear mixed-effects modeling indicated a significant main effect of handedness, F(1, 195.35) = 3.95, p = .048, for a composite measure of VCI, PRI, and memory acquisition, with better performance for dextral PwMS. In examining differences for specific neuropsychological measures, the largest effect size between dextral and non-dextral participants was seen in PRI (d = 0.643), F(1,341) = 12.163, p = .001. No significant interaction effect between handedness and IQ was found, F(3, 525.60) = 0.75, p = .523.

Conclusions

Dextral PwMS perform better than non-dextral PwMS when assessing neuropsychological performance for memory and IQ combined. Results are suggestive of increased vulnerability in the left brain to the pathological process of MS.
Brood as booty: the effect of colony size and resource value in social insect contests
Authors: Chapin Kenneth James , Paat Victor Alexander , Dornhaus Anna
Published: February 2022

Animals engage in contests for access to resources like food, mates, and space. Intergroup contests between groups of organisms have received little attention, and it remains unresolved what information groups might use collectively to make contest decisions. We staged whole-colony contests using ant colonies (Temnothorax rugatulus), which perceive conspecific colonies as both a threat and resource from which to steal brood. We recorded individual behaviors and used demographic characteristics as proxies for resource value (number of brood items) and fighting ability (number of workers). We found that ants altered their fighting effort depending on the relative number of workers of their opponent. Although the proximate mechanism for this ability remains uncertain, we found that colonies increased fighting when their opponent had relatively more brood, but not if opposing colonies had relatively many more workers. This suggests that ant colonies can use information about opposing colonies that shapes contest strategies. Further, the behavior of opposing colonies was strongly correlated with each other despite colony size differences ranging from 4% to 51%, consistent with the hypothesis that colonies can use opponent information. The behavior of a distributed, collective system of many individuals, like a eusocial insect colony, thus fits several predictions of contest models designed for individuals if we consider the gain and loss of worker ants analogous to energetic costs accrued during typical dyadic contests.
Distributions and habitats of the two partly allopatric cryptic species of the vulnerable moss Hamatocaulis vernicosus (Bryophyta) in Europe
Authors: Hedenäs Lars , Collart Flavien , Heras Patxi , Infante Marta , Kooijman Annemieke , Kučera Jan
Published: February 2022

The geographical distributions of the two cryptic species of the wetland moss Hamatocaulis vernicosus were mapped for western, central and northern Europe, based on identifications of the two by the nuclear ITS1 + 2 and the plastid rpl16 and trnL–trnF. The distributions of the two cryptic species overlap to a large extent. However, in the west and south-west only cryptic species 1 is present, whereas in the boreal north only cryptic species 2 occurs, which agrees with its distribution in Scandinavia. Despite these differences in distribution, no differences between the two cryptic species were revealed in habitat water chemistry, elevation distribution or climatic niches. The difference in distribution therefore suggests that cryptic species 1 could have survived the glacial period in southern Europe and cryptic species 2 in northern or eastern Europe. However, the studied molecular markers did not reveal geographical patterns suggesting origins in different glacial refugia. Although populations of both cryptic species have decreased in large portions of western Europe, a significantly negative Tajima’s D may reflect the long-term expansion south of Scandinavia since the glacial bottleneck, potentially correlated with the expansion of earlier extensive agricultural management of wetlands.
‘Mahomedan Fenians’: Anti-Imperialism, the Islamic World and Irish Republican Thought, c.1848–1885
Authors: Lally Jagjeet
Published: February 2022

If Irish republicanism (or Fenianism) after 1848 was sometimes articulated through the critique of British imperialism in Afro-Asia, by the 1870s the Fenian command and journalists writing for the Irish-American republican press were taking a marked interest in Muslim societies under British rule. This interest developed steadily from the Indian Rebellion of 1857–8 to the Great Eastern Crisis of 1875–8, analysis of the latter illuminating the additional potential possessed by those frontiers where imperial rivalries could be manipulated to exhaust and abrade British power and prestige. Afghanistan—a buffer between British India and Russian Central Asia—held great promise, and the eruption of the Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80) presented an opportunity for the Irish cause: support for Afghans might precipitate the disintegration of British coercive power, providing in turn the opportunity for Ireland’s emancipation. Focusing on the writings of the Fenian command and reportage in the US-based Irish World, this article shows the attentiveness of Irish patriots to the spectral power of the world of Islam, which haunted the European powers, and their subversion of the Orientalist categories constructed to demonise Muslims, particularly those from the frontier most resistant to European imperialism. Fantastical and opportunistic, this short-lived burst of interest was the culmination of a longer-term process, one revealing the embeddedness of Fenianism within a world-historical moment marked by numerous imaginative projects constitutive of Islam as a world religion and a (latent) world power, and, thus, the imperial, trans-imperial and global geographies of Fenian thought.
Quality clusters in general practice: associations between cluster organization and general practitioners’ self-reported benefits
Authors: Bundgaard Maria , Jarbøl Dorte Ejg , Søndergaard Jens , Kousgaard Marius Brostrøm , Wehberg Sonja , Pedersen Line Bjørnskov
Published: February 2022

Background

Quality clusters were introduced as a quality improvement concept in Danish general practice in 2018. This new concept anchored quality improvement in local clusters managed by general practitioners (GPs).

Objectives

To describe the cluster organization and GPs’ self-reported benefits of participating in them and explore the associations between cluster organization and self-reported benefits.

Methods

A national survey in Danish general practice gathering information about cluster organization (cluster size, cluster meetings, participants, and content) and GPs’ self-reported benefits (overall benefit, internal changes in the clinic, and improved external collaboration).

Results

One hundred and eight (95%) clusters and 1,219 GPs (36%) were included. Cluster size varied from 10 to 68 GPs (34 GPs on average). Approximately 70% of GPs reported moderate to very high overall benefit from cluster participation. Most GPs experienced changes in their clinic organization (68%), drug prescriptions (78%), and patient care (77%). Collaboration was reported improved between the GPs (86%), municipality (50%), and hospital (36.2%). GPs in clusters with 3–6 planned meetings per year (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; confidence interval [CI] 1.3–2.9), mixed meeting types (OR 1.7; CI 1.2–2.4), group work (OR 1.7; CI 1.1–2.5), and use of guidelines in their meetings (OR 1.8; CI 1.3–2.4) had statistically significantly higher odds for reporting overall benefit of participating in clusters compared with GPs in clusters without these characteristics.

Conclusions

Frequent and active meetings with a relevant meeting content are positively related to GPs’ perceived benefits and with improved collaboration between GPs in the clusters. There seems to be a potential for developing collaboration with other healthcare providers.