bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
magic of feminist bridging
Authors: Collective Loving Coalitions
Published: January 2024

Are feminist coalitions magical enough to survive and endure while questioning and shaking the colonial/racist foundations of Swedish academic knowledge production and the overall Swedish society? Can feminist bridging and collective writing remain a magical process even when grappling with difficult experiences and memories of othering and racialisation? This is a creatively and collectively written article on feminist coalition building, and its importance in thinking, articulating and deconstructing race, racialization and racist structures. More than two years ago, seven interdisciplinary gender studies scholars of mixed ethnic and racial origins, came together to explore our differently situated experiences of disidentifying with Swedish academia and society in a collective we call Loving Coalitions. Against the background of Swedish exceptionalism, historical amnesia of Sweden’s colonial past and present, and the deafening silence on Swedish whiteness and racism, we are sharing our poems, letters, texts and testimonies of racist interactions in Swedish academia and society. While doing so, we discuss how moving away from conventional ways of doing research and experimenting with creative methodological alternatives, such as automatic writing, epistolary formats, poems, fiction, collective memory-work, allow us to acknowledge and embrace our different life backgrounds and academic trajectories as a mode of knowledge production. We hope and believe that our experiences, refl ections and ways to resist racism and Othering in Sweden and Swedish academia through alternative coalition building, based on mutual care and love, can be relevant in a Danish context as well.
Lietuva Švedijos Baltijos politikoje 1917–1991 m.: nuo pripažinimo iki jo atnaujinimo
Authors: Pivoras Saulius
Published: January 2024

Monografijos tikslas yra išnagrinėti Lietuvos vaidmenį ir Lietuvos specifinių politinių problemų įtaką Švedijos Baltijos politikoje 1917–1991 m. Lietuvos veiksnys Švedijos politikoje Baltijos šalių atžvilgiu analizuojamas pasitelkiant intersubjektyvią dvišalių santykių perspektyvą, tiriami abiejų pusių - tiek Švedijos, tiek ir Lietuvos užsienio politikos ir diplomatijos - subjektyvūs požiūriai ir vertinimai, labiau išryškinant švediškąją perspektyvą. Monografijoje parodomi Švedijos siekiai palaikyti Baltijos valstybes, tačiau taip pat baimės ir abejonės, svyravimai tarp palankumo ir atsiribojimo Lietuvos atžvilgiu laikotarpiu tarp dviejų imperijų (carinės ir sovietinės) žlugimo. Tyrimui panaudota daug gausios iki šiol mokslinėje literatūroje nenaudotos Švedijos archyvų medžiagos.
Подземная утилизация углерода как элемент декарбонизации деятельности человека
Authors: Голдобин Д.С. , Барях А.А.
Published: January 2024

The article discusses why it is appropriate to talk about carbon utilization even in cases where the goal is to reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the environment. An explanation is given as to why underground carbon dioxide burial (geosequestration) is the main feasible solution for the decarbonization of anthropogenic activity at the planetary scale. A brief review of existing or promising practices of carbon dioxide geosequestration is provided. The economic and technological aspects of the implementation of geosequestration projects, affecting their feasibility, are viewed, as well as the relevant statistics of such projects over the first two decades of the XXI century. In particular, the extremely low percentage of implementation of planned projects is noted in the majority of industrial sectors consuming fossil hydrocarbon fuels. The regional aspect of the problem is considered in relation to the work of industrial companies of the Perm Region and their foreign economic activity under the conditions of the enacted and planned legislation. The available potential of the regions’s subsoil for geosequestration of carbon dioxide is stated - oil collectors, coal seams of the sealed mines of the Kizelovsky basin, salt deposits of the Verkhnekamsky deposit.
Экспедиции по выявлению и фиксации объектов нематериального этнокультурного достояния народов России в 2022 году
Authors: Черных А.В. , Чернышева Ю.С.
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the main objectives of the project to identify and record the objects of intangible ethnocultural heritage of the peoples of Russia. On the example of expeditionary research in the Republics of Tatarstan, Mari El, Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk, Kaliningrad regions and Perm Krai, the peculiarities of field work are noted. The basic principles of the collection and systematization of materials and their further storage and use are outlined.
Introdução à filosofia crítica de Kant
Authors: Beckenkamp Joãosinho
Published: January 2024

Neste livro sobre a filosofia crítica kantiana, o autor empreende a incomum tarefa de apresentar, ainda que introdutoriamente, o conjunto dos temas e problemas que têm interessado os estudiosos de Kant ao longo destes dois séculos em que já perdura sua recepção. Indo além da mera justaposição dos temas, à qual se limitam em geral as exposições abrangentes da obra kantiana, o autor fornece uma linha de interpretação que permite apreender de maneira articulada as diversas partes do ousado programa desta filosofia crítica que revolucionou a maneira como se abordam as questões últimas que sempre interessaram ao gênero humano.
The Circular Economy in Terms of Zinc Recovery from Industrial Waste – Directions for the Development and Profitability of Recycling
Authors: Bobrowski Artur , Nejranowski Aleksander
Published: January 2024

The article reviews the current state of the art in the field of zinc recycling. The results of model studies of the profitability (profitability) of the process of zinc recovery in precipitation in the form of dusts and sludges are presented. The cost of purchasing waste and the necessary energy and material expenditures were taken into account. It has been shown that access to a cheap source of waste is essential for the profitability of the zinc recovery process.
Structure of the two-component S-layer of the archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
Authors: Gambelli Lavinia , McLaren Mathew , Conners Rebecca , Sanders Kelly , Gaines Matthew C , Clark Lewis , Gold Vicki AM , Kattnig Daniel , Sikora Mateusz , Hanus Cyril , Isupov Michail N , Daum Bertram
Published: January 2024

Surface layers (S-layers) are resilient two-dimensional protein lattices that encapsulate many bacteria and most archaea. In archaea, S-layers usually form the only structural component of the cell wall and thus act as the final frontier between the cell and its environment. Therefore, S-layers are crucial for supporting microbial life. Notwithstanding their importance, little is known about archaeal S-layers at the atomic level. Here, we combined single-particle cryo electron microscopy, cryo electron tomography, and Alphafold2 predictions to generate an atomic model of the two-component S-layer of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. The outer component of this S-layer (SlaA) is a flexible, highly glycosylated, and stable protein. Together with the inner and membrane-bound component (SlaB), they assemble into a porous and interwoven lattice. We hypothesise that jackknife-like conformational changes in SlaA play important roles in S-layer assembly.
Regulation of nuclear transcription by mitochondrial RNA in endothelial cells
Authors: Sriram Kiran , Qi Zhijie , Yuan Dongqiang , Malhi Naseeb Kaur , Liu Xuejing , Calandrelli Riccardo , Luo Yingjun , Tapia Alonso , Jin Shengyan , Shi Ji , Salas Martha , Dang Runrui , Armstrong Brian , Priceman Saul J , Wang Ping H , Liao Jiayu , Natarajan Rama , Zhong Sheng , Bouman Chen Zhen
Published: January 2024

Chromatin-associated RNAs (caRNAs) form a relatively poorly recognized layer of the epigenome. The caRNAs reported to date are transcribed from the nuclear genome. Here, leveraging a recently developed assay for detection of caRNAs and their genomic association, we report that mitochondrial RNAs (mtRNAs) are attached to the nuclear genome and constitute a subset of caRNA, thus termed mt-caRNA. In four human cell types analyzed, mt-caRNAs preferentially attach to promoter regions. In human endothelial cells (ECs), the level of mt-caRNA–promoter attachment changes in response to environmental stress that mimics diabetes. Suppression of a non-coding mt-caRNA in ECs attenuates stress-induced nascent RNA transcription from the nuclear genome, including that of critical genes regulating cell adhesion, and abolishes stress-induced monocyte adhesion, a hallmark of dysfunctional ECs. Finally, we report increased nuclear localization of multiple mtRNAs in the ECs of human diabetic donors, suggesting many mtRNA translocate to the nucleus in a cell stress and disease-dependent manner. These data nominate mt-caRNAs as messenger molecules responsible for mitochondrial–nuclear communication and connect the immediate product of mitochondrial transcription with the transcriptional regulation of the nuclear genome.
Disulfide bridge-dependent dimerization triggers FGF2 membrane translocation into the extracellular space
Authors: Lolicato Fabio , Steringer Julia P , Saleppico Roberto , Beyer Daniel , Fernandez-Sobaberas Jaime , Unger Sebastian , Klein Steffen , Riegerová Petra , Wegehingel Sabine , Müller Hans-Michael , Schmitt Xiao J , Kaptan Shreyas , Freund Christian , Hof Martin , Šachl Radek , Chlanda Petr , Vattulainen Ilpo , Nickel Walter
Published: January 2024

Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) exits cells by direct translocation across the plasma membrane, a type I pathway of unconventional protein secretion. This process is initiated by phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2)-dependent formation of highly dynamic FGF2 oligomers at the inner plasma membrane leaflet, inducing the formation of lipidic membrane pores. Cell surface heparan sulfate chains linked to glypican-1 (GPC1) capture FGF2 at the outer plasma membrane leaflet, completing FGF2 membrane translocation into the extracellular space. While the basic steps of this pathway are well understood, the molecular mechanism by which FGF2 oligomerizes on membrane surfaces remains unclear. In the current study, we demonstrate the initial step of this process to depend on C95-C95 disulfide-bridge-mediated FGF2 dimerization on membrane surfaces, producing the building blocks for higher FGF2 oligomers that drive the formation of membrane pores. We find FGF2 with a C95A substitution to be defective in oligomerization, pore formation, and membrane translocation. Consistently, we demonstrate a C95A variant of FGF2 to be characterized by a severe secretion phenotype. By contrast, while also important for efficient FGF2 secretion from cells, a second cysteine residue on the molecular surface of FGF2 (C77) is not involved in FGF2 oligomerization. Rather, we find C77 to be part of the interaction interface through which FGF2 binds to the α1 subunit of the Na,K-ATPase, the landing platform for FGF2 at the inner plasma membrane leaflet. Using cross-linking mass spectrometry, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations combined with a machine learning analysis and cryo-electron tomography, we propose a mechanism by which disulfide-bridged FGF2 dimers bind with high avidity to PI(4,5)P2 on membrane surfaces. We further propose a tight coupling between FGF2 secretion and the formation of ternary signaling complexes on cell surfaces, hypothesizing that C95-C95-bridged FGF2 dimers are functioning as the molecular units triggering autocrine and paracrine FGF2 signaling.
Dengue viremia kinetics and effects on platelet count and clinical outcomes: An analysis of 2340 patients from Vietnam
Authors: Vuong Nguyen Lam , Quyen Nguyen Than Ha , Tien Nguyen Thi Hanh , Duong Thi Hue Kien , Duyen Huynh Thi Le , Lam Phung Khanh , Tam Dong Thi Hoai , Van Ngoc Tran , Jaenisch Thomas , Simmons Cameron P , Yacoub Sophie , Wills Bridget A , Geskus Ronald
Published: January 2024

Background:

Viremia is a critical factor in understanding the pathogenesis of dengue infection, but limited data exist on viremia kinetics. This study aimed to investigate the kinetics of viremia and its effects on subsequent platelet count, severe dengue, and plasma leakage.

Methods:

We pooled data from three studies conducted in Vietnam between 2000 and 2016, involving 2340 dengue patients with daily viremia measurements and platelet counts after symptom onset. Viremia kinetics were assessed using a random effects model that accounted for left-censored data. The effects of viremia on subsequent platelet count and clinical outcomes were examined using a landmark approach with a random effects model and logistic regression model with generalized estimating equations, respectively. The rate of viremia decline was derived from the model of viremia kinetics. Its effect on the clinical outcomes was assessed by logistic regression models.

Results:

Viremia levels rapidly decreased following symptom onset, with variations observed depending on the infecting serotype. DENV-1 exhibited the highest mean viremia levels during the first 5–6 days, while DENV-4 demonstrated the shortest clearance time. Higher viremia levels were associated with decreased subsequent platelet counts from day 6 onwards. Elevated viremia levels on each illness day increased the risk of developing severe dengue and plasma leakage. However, the effect size decreased with later illness days. A more rapid decline in viremia is associated with a reduced risk of the clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:

This study provides comprehensive insights into viremia kinetics and its effect on subsequent platelet count and clinical outcomes in dengue patients. Our findings underscore the importance of measuring viremia levels during the early febrile phase for dengue studies and support the use of viremia kinetics as outcome for phase-2 dengue therapeutic trials.

Funding:

Wellcome Trust and European Union Seventh Framework Programme.
The effect of combining antibiotics on resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Siedentop Berit , Kachalov Viacheslav N , Witzany Christopher , Egger Matthias , Kouyos Roger D , Bonhoeffer Sebastian
Published: January 2024

Background:

Under which conditions antibiotic combination therapy decelerates rather than accelerates resistance evolution is not well understood. We examined the effect of combining antibiotics on within-patient resistance development across various bacterial pathogens and antibiotics.

Methods:

We searched CENTRAL, EMBASE, and PubMed for (quasi)-randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published from database inception to 24 November 2022. Trials comparing antibiotic treatments with different numbers of antibiotics were included. Patients were considered to have acquired resistance if, at the follow-up culture, a resistant bacterium (as defined by the study authors) was detected that had not been present in the baseline culture. We combined results using a random effects model and performed meta-regression and stratified analyses. The trials’ risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane tool.

Results:

42 trials were eligible and 29, including 5054 patients, qualified for statistical analysis. In most trials, resistance development was not the primary outcome and studies lacked power. The combined odds ratio for the acquisition of resistance comparing the group with the higher number of antibiotics with the comparison group was 1.23 (95% CI 0.68–2.25), with substantial between-study heterogeneity (I2=77%). We identified tentative evidence for potential beneficial or detrimental effects of antibiotic combination therapy for specific pathogens or medical conditions.

Conclusions:

The evidence for combining a higher number of antibiotics compared to fewer from RCTs is scarce and overall compatible with both benefit or harm. Trials powered to detect differences in resistance development or well-designed observational studies are required to clarify the impact of combination therapy on resistance.

Funding:

Support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 310030B_176401 (SB, BS, CW), grant 32FP30-174281 (ME), grant 324730_207957 (RDK)) and from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID, cooperative agreement AI069924 (ME)) is gratefully acknowledged.
A View of the Historiography
Authors: Bagliani Agostino Paravicini , Şenocak Neslihan
Published: January 2024

This chapter provides an overview of the Italian historiography of religious realities of the medieval period. It notes the increasing interest in historical research on the relationship between liturgical life and civic identity. The religious history of medieval Italy is becoming more of a vibrant field, especially with the emergence of more interregional studies in the spirit of Robert Brentano's work. The chapter also considers the contributions of various scholars, such as Michele Maccarrone and Paolo Sambin. It explains the significance of Brentano's Two Churches: England and Italy in the Thirteenth Century which highlighted the institutional differences between the Churches of England and Italy in the thirteenth century.
The Papacy and Italian Politics
Authors: Bagliani Agostino Paravicini , Silanos Pietro
Published: January 2024

This chapter covers the correlation between the papacy and Italian politics. It explains the factors needed to determine the choice of a candidate for the highest role in the Roman Church. From the eleventh century, the Roman papacy played an increasingly pervasive role in the Italian peninsula. The chapter discusses how Innocent III exercised his influence in the political affairs of the cities of central and northern Italy, referencing the establishment of fundamental features of government forms. It notes that the close link between the papacy and the Italian peninsula can be observed in the biographies of the individual popes.
Bishops
Authors: Miller Maureen C.
Published: January 2024

This chapter focuses on the significance of bishops in medieval Italy. All bishops were geographically closer to Rome, which was recognized as the undisputed center of Western Christianity. Episcopates in Italy from 1050 to 1300 are characterized by a large number of sees, extreme disparities in their status and resources, and proximity to the Holy See. Moreover, the aforementioned characteristics shaped the experience of Christianity and the institutional character of the medieval Italian Church. The chapter explains how dense urbanization resulted in the large number of bishops in the Italian peninsula. It also mentions papal territorial ambitions as the chief disadvantage of proximity to Rome.
A new cooperative control solution of subway BAS: an improved fuzzy PID control algorithm
Authors: Fang Hui , Yang Shusong , Shi Ying , Wang Yang , Jiang Yue , Song Chaochao , Zhang Wei
Published: January 2024

The building automation system (BAS) of a subway is the core component of monitoring and managing urban rail transit systems. For the current problems such as low control efficiency, insufficient accuracy, and poor stability of metro BAS, this article proposes a cooperative control framework based on an improved fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) algorithm. Firstly, the concept of an integrated supervisory control system (ISCS) for subways is introduced by summarizing the previously implemented engineering construction and combining it with advanced automation technology. The system’s overall design under the ISCS framework is also improved by integrating it with the fire alarm system (FAS) with the BAS as the core unit of the reliance. Then, an improved seeker optimization algorithm (ISOA) is employed to optimize the parameters of the fuzzy PID control algorithm to achieve a coordinated control of the system based on considering the time lag problem. Finally, the accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the coordinated control response of the BAS under the ISCS framework are tested experimentally. The results suggest that the proposed cooperative control solution of BAS employing the improved fuzzy PID algorithm has good control accuracy and response efficiency and can also ensure the BAS’s higher stability in the coordinated control process, which thus greatly improves the automation level of the subway and provides a safer and more reliable high-performance for the ISCS of the subway in the urban rail transportation industry.
Deep learning-based information retrieval with normalized dominant feature subset and weighted vector model
Authors: Eswaraiah Poluru , Syed Hussain
Published: January 2024

Multimedia data, which includes textual information, is employed in a variety of practical computer vision applications. More than a million new records are added to social media and news sites every day, and the text content they contain has gotten increasingly complex. Finding a meaningful text record in an archive might be challenging for computer vision researchers. Most image searches still employ the tried and true language-based techniques of query text and metadata. Substantial work has been done in the past two decades on content-based text retrieval and analysis that still has limitations. The importance of feature extraction in search engines is often overlooked. Web and product search engines, recommendation systems, and question-answering activities frequently leverage these features. Extracting high-quality machine learning features from large text volumes is a challenge for many open-source software packages. Creating an effective feature set manually is a time-consuming process, but with deep learning, new actual feature demos from training data are analyzed. As a novel feature extraction method, deep learning has made great strides in text mining. Automatically training a deep learning model with the most pertinent text attributes requires massive datasets with millions of variables. In this research, a Normalized Dominant Feature Subset with Weighted Vector Model (NDFS-WVM) is proposed that is used for feature extraction and selection for information retrieval from big data using natural language processing models. The suggested model outperforms the conventional models in terms of text retrieval. The proposed model achieves 98.6% accuracy in information retrieval.
Design and research of automated warehouse simulation platform based on virtual visualization framework
Authors: Di Huajun
Published: January 2024

The automated storage and retrieval system (AS/RS) has been developed rapidly and has been widely used in various fields. To achieve the ultimate goal of improving the efficiency of warehouse operation, this article studies the problem of goods location- allocation on the premise of a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of automated warehouses and the overall stability of shelves. The mathematical model is established. Traditional Tabu search algorithms depend on Tabu table construction to avoid multiple continuous cycles that may occur in the direct search process. In this article, the improved algorithm can directly search and store in the Tabu table to prevent the algorithm from infinite search. A complete solution in that Tabu list continues to be passed to act as a point solution to replace the iteratively update product until a set iteration interval of the product is completed. The machine learning system can get the optimal solution. The improved algorithm is applied to solve the model, and the running results and the performance of the algorithm itself are obtained. The improved Tabu Search algorithm has more advantages in the process of solving the model because it reduces the size of the whole problem. The algorithm also uses the penalty optimization function as a measure of each solution. The greater the penalty is, the worse the solution is, and the smaller the penalty is, the better the solution is. The operation process of the material in and out of the warehouse in one day is studied, and the validity of the optimization scheme of goods location allocation is verified by substituting specific data for the solution. Finally, the case of goods in and out of the warehouse is simulated by using simulation software, and the running state and efficiency of the stacker are displayed according to the data. The Tabu direct search table is combined with the structure and function of the principle of amnesty direct search to achieve the goal of direct search and decision-making. The equilibrium coefficient of its operation is calculated by using the data, which proves that the scheme is feasible and has practical significance and research value.
Genome-wide identification of the MADS-box gene family in Avena sativa and its role in photoperiod-insensitive oat
Authors: Nan Jinsheng , An Jianghong , Yang Yan , Zhao Guofen , Yang Xiaohong , Liu Huiyan , Han Bing
Published: January 2024

Background

Traditional spring-summer sown oat is a typical long-day crop that cannot head under short-day conditions. The creation of photoperiod-insensitive oats overcomes this limitation. MADS-box genes are a class of transcription factors involved in plant flowering signal transduction regulation. Previous transcriptome studies have shown that MADS-box genes may be related to the oat photoperiod.

Methods

Putative MADS-box genes were identified in the whole genome of oat. Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze their classification, conserved motifs, gene structure, evolution, chromosome localization, collinearity and cis-elements. Ten representative genes were further screened via qRT‒PCR analysis under short days.

Results

In total, sixteen AsMADS genes were identified and grouped into nine subfamilies. The domains, conserved motifs and gene structures of all AsMADS genes were conserved. All members contained light-responsive elements. Using the photoperiod-insensitive oat MENGSIYAN4HAO (MSY4) and spring-summer sown oat HongQi2hao (HQ2) as materials, qRT‒PCR analysis was used to analyze the AsMADS gene at different panicle differentiation stages under short-day conditions. Compared with HQ2, AsMADS3, AsMADS8, AsMADS11, AsMADS13, and AsMADS16 were upregulated from the initial stage to the branch differentiation stage in MSY4, while AsMADS12 was downregulated. qRT‒PCR analysis was also performed on the whole panicle differentiation stages in MSY4 under short-day conditions, the result showed that the expression levels of AsMADS9 and AsMADS11 gradually decreased. Based on the subfamily to which these genes belong, the above results indicated that AsMADS genes, especially SVP, SQUA and Mα subfamily members, regulated panicle development in MSY4 by responding to short-days. This work provides a foundation for revealing the function of the AsMADS gene family in the oat photoperiod pathway.
Virtual screening of flavonoids as potential RIPK1 inhibitors for neurodegeneration therapy
Authors: Bepari Asim Kumar , Shatabda Swakkhar , Reza Hasan Mahmud
Published: January 2024

Background

Global prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease is increasing gradually, whereas approvals of successful therapeutics for central nervous system disorders are inadequate. Accumulating evidence suggests pivotal roles of the receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) in modulating neuroinflammation and necroptosis. Discoveries of potent small molecule inhibitors for RIPK1 with favorable pharmacokinetic properties could thus address the unmet medical needs in treating neurodegeneration.

Methods

In a structure-based virtual screening, we performed site-specific molecular docking of 4,858 flavonoids against the kinase domain of RIPK1 using AutoDock Vina. We predicted physicochemical descriptors of the top ligands using the SwissADME webserver. Binding interactions of the best ligands and the reference ligand L8D were validated using replicated 500-ns Gromacs molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations.

Results

From Vina docking, we shortlisted the top 20 flavonoids with the highest binding affinities, ranging from −11.7 to −10.6 kcal/mol. Pharmacokinetic profiling narrowed down the list to three orally bioavailable and blood-brain-barrier penetrant flavonoids: Nitiducarpin, Pinocembrin 7-O-benzoate, and Paratocarpin J. Next, trajectories of molecular dynamics simulations of the top protein-ligand complexes were analyzed for binding interactions. The root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) was 1.191 Å (±0.498 Å), 1.725 Å (±0.828 Å), 1.923 Å (±0.942 Å), 0.972 Å (±0.155 Å) for Nitiducarpin, Pinocembrin 7-O-benzoate, Paratocarpin J, and L8D, respectively. The radius of gyration (Rg) was 2.034 nm (±0.015 nm), 2.0.39 nm (± 0.025 nm), 2.053 nm (±0.021 nm), 2.037 nm (±0.016 nm) for Nitiducarpin, Pinocembrin 7-O-benzoate, Paratocarpin J, and L8D, respectively. The solvent accessible surface area (SASA) was 159.477 nm2 (±3.021 nm2), 159.661 nm2 (± 3.707 nm2), 160.755 nm2 (±4.252 nm2), 156.630 nm2 (±3.521 nm2), for Nitiducarpin, Pinocembrin 7-O-benzoate, Paratocarpin J, and L8D complexes, respectively. Therefore, lower RMSD, Rg, and SASA values demonstrated that Nitiducarpin formed the most stable complex with the target protein among the best three ligands. Finally, 2D protein-ligand interaction analysis revealed persistent hydrophobic interactions of Nitiducarpin with the critical residues of RIPK1, including the catalytic triads and the activation loop residues, implicated in the kinase activity and ligand binding.

Conclusion

Our target-based virtual screening identified three flavonoids as strong RIPK1 inhibitors, with Nitiducarpin exhibiting the most potent inhibitory potential. Future in vitro and in vivo studies with these ligands could offer new hope for developing effective therapeutics and improving the quality of life for individuals affected by neurodegeneration.
Intervenciones para el desarrollo efectivo de autocuidado en estudiantes de la salud: una revisión sistematizada de alcance (Scoping review)
Authors:   , Rojas Muñoz Cynthia
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: El autocuidado aparece como elemento central en la formación de estudiantes de la salud. La falta de estrategias efectivas para desarrollarlo se asocia con una prevalencia del 50% de burnout en esta población. Objetivo: Identificar y analizar estrategias efectivas de valoración e intervención de autocuidado en estudiantes de la salud. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistematizada de alcance (scoping review) utilizando métodos estandarizados para valorar la calidad mediante la Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles. Para el análisis temático de contenido se utilizó el Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Se revisaron 4 bases de datos que incluyeron Pubmed, Google Scholar, Epistemónikos y Lilacs además de literatura gris. Dos revisores independientes analizaron cada publicación y un experto definió controversias. Resultados: Se identificaron 1682 artículos de los cuales 32 fueron seleccionados. La calidad promedio de los artículos revisados fue de 13 puntos [6 – 14]. El análisis temático identificó dos grupos. Primero, estudios de valoración de autocuidado (N = 12) destacando el World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) y el Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II); y segundo, estudios de intervenciones efectivas destacando cuatro estrategias: mindfulness (N = 14); intervenciones grupales (N = 8); mentorías (N = 2); e intervenciones curriculares (N = 4). Conclusión. Existe una variedad de estrategias efectivas para valorar y promover el autocuidado en estudiantes de la salud. Los estudios encontrados destacan por ser de buena calidad y aplicables a los diferentes planes de estudio.
p53 Expression in Gallbladder Lesions: A Cross-sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India
Authors: Walvir Nazia Manzoor , Rasool Zubaida , Masoodi Subrina , Hassan Ashfaq UL , Lone Abrar Habib , Abeer Inara
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Gallbladder lesions comprise inflammatory, benign, pre-malignant, and malignant lesions. The progression of benign lesions into malignant ones involves a complex process. The p53 gene is commonly disrupted in carcinogenesis. Malignant lesions may exhibit p53 overexpression compared to benign and inflammatory lesions. Aim: To investigate the distribution of gallbladder lesions and the expression of the p53 nuclear protein in these lesions. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, from June 2020 to December 2022. A total of 249 specimens of gallbladder lesions, including congenital, inflammatory, benign, pre-malignant, and malignant lesions, were included. All samples underwent Haematoxylin & Eosin(H&E) staining and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) with p53 antibody using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. The association of P53 expression with histopathological diagnosis was analysed using Fisher’s Exact test. The final analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 25.0. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 249 specimens, there were 217 (87.14%) inflammatory lesions, 9 (3.6%) benign lesions, 2 (0.8%) premalignant lesions, and 21 (9.26%) malignant lesions. The main inflammatory lesions were Chronic Cholecystitis (CC) with 132 cases (60.83%) and CC with cholesterosis with 36 cases (16.59%). The most common pre-malignant lesion was choledochal cyst with 3 cases (3.33%). Benign tumours (leiomyoma) were present in 2 (0.8%) patients. Among the 21 (8.46%) malignant tumours, 4 (19.05%) were moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, 13 (61.9%) were poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and 4 (19.05%) were welldifferentiated adenocarcinoma. P53 overexpression was significantly higher in patients with malignant tumours (9 cases, 42.86%) compared to inflammatory lesions (26 cases, 11.98%), benign lesions (0 cases, 0%), and pre-malignant lesions (0 cases, 0%) (p=0.003). Conclusion: Gallbladder lesions exhibit a wide range of histopathological presentations. Inflammatory lesions are the most common, followed by pre-malignant and malignant lesions. P53 can serve as a novel marker for differentiating inflammatory lesions from malignant lesions in the gallbladder.
Improvement in Outcomes with a New Bedaquiline-based Regimen in Postoperative Cases of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis of the Spine: A Case Series
Authors: Kundu Soutrik , Singh Sarvan
Published: January 2024

The incidence of drug-resistant strains of Tuberculosis (TB) is rising at an alarming rate. With the emergence of newer drug-resistant strains, managing the disease with existing antitubercular agents is becoming increasingly difficult. Few studies exist regarding the treatment of drug-resistant TB of the spine using a Bedaquiline-based regimen. Therefore, the efficacy of shorter regimens with novel drugs such as Bedaquiline and Delamanid in drug-resistant TB of the spine must be analysed. The present case series highlights the outcomes of a newer Bedaquiline-based antitubercular regimen in postoperative cases of drug-resistant TB of the spine. All three cases discussed in this study-54-year-old female, 12-year-old female, and 19-year-old female patients-had a clinical and radiological diagnosis of TB of the spine with significant neurodeficits. They underwent decompression and instrumentation surgery. Postoperatively, all three were diagnosed with drug-resistant TB and were started on a Bedaquiline-based antitubercular regimen. Subsequently, all the patients showed significant improvement in neurodeficits with no radiological evidence of recurrence. Therefore, Bedaquiline might play an important role in the future management of drug-resistant spinal TB.
Histopathological Spectrum of Appendicular Lesions: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gholap Prachi , Ghanghurde Swati B , Dhakare Priyanka
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Multiple pathologies, ranging from non neoplastic to neoplastic tumours that may or may not obstruct the lumen, might result in appendicitis. Uncommon neoplastic appendix lesions show diverse morphologies, resembling adenomas to colorectal carcinoma. Identifying these traits is vital to differentiate them from non neoplastic mucinous lesions, as they require varied management approaches, including followup and chemotherapy. Aim: To assess the histopathological patterns in patients undergoing appendicectomy and to study the detailed morphological features of different non neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in western part of Maharashtra for 3 years. It involved surgically removed specimens of appendix received for histopathological evaluation of the appendix from January 2019 to December 2022. A detailed gross examination of the appendicectomy specimens was carried out. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 22.0. Categorical data such as sex, clinical presentation, gross presentation of the appendix, and histopathological findings were presented as n (%), whereas quantitative data such as age were presented as mean±SD. A p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 716 patients were included in this study. The median age of the patients was 25.0 years. The majority of the population belonged to the 21-45 years age group, with 406 (56.7%) patients. The number of males were higher 236 (32.9%) than females 170 (23.4%). The number of patients with inflammatory or non neoplastic lesions was higher than those with neoplastic lesions, with 709 (99.02%) and 7 (0.98%) respectively. The highest number of patients had chronic appendicitis (284;39.66%), followed by acute on chronic appendicitis (216;30.16%) and acute appendicitis (188; 26.25%). Conclusion: In cases of appendicitis, histopathological examination of the appendix should be performed as it provides crucial clinical information in addition to operative findings. Hence, it is a benchmark in diagnosing acute appendicitis.
Targeting the Enterococcal Fibronectin Binding Protein- A of Enterococcus faecalis with Bioactive Compounds from Aegle Marmelos: An In-vitro and In-silico Pilot Study
Authors: Kothari Vishaka , Girija AS Smiline , Gunasekaran Shoba , Priyadharsini J Vijayashree
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a significant endodontic pathogen, and its virulence has been shown to be significantly influenced by Enterococcal fibronectin binding protein-A (EfbA). Targeting this virulent protein using alternative strategies would be a novel idea to combat the complications of E. faecalis in dental healthcare settings. Thus, the rationale of this investigation is to identify potent bioactive compounds from Aegle marmelos for their antimicrobial properties against EfbA of E. faecalis. Aim: To assess the frequency of EfbA among clinical isolates of E. faecalis and evaluate the antibacterial activity of essential bioactive compounds from Aegle marmelos. Materials and Methods: An in-vitro and in-silico pilot study was conducted from April 2022 to June 2022 in the Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India to detect the frequency of EfbA in E. faecalis. Patients with typical root caries were included. Microbiological processing of 20 root caries samples was performed to characterise E. faecalis and detect the EfbA gene using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification. Crude methanol extract was obtained from A. marmelos and assessed for its antimicrobial effect against the isolated strains of E. faecalis. Furthermore, several biomolecules from A. marmelos were evaluated for their inhibitory properties through in-silico docking analysis. Results: E. faecalis was identified in 12 (60%) out of 20 root caries samples, and three isolates (25%) were identified as Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) strains based on the antibiogram susceptibility profile, showing resistance to more than three different tested antibiotic groups. EfbA was detected in two of the three MDR strains (66.7%). The crude extract of A. marmelos exhibited promising antibacterial activity. In-silico analysis of the essential oil compounds from A. marmelos revealed that Aegeline had a high interaction with low docking energy and a high number of hydrogen bonds. Conclusion: The current study highlights the potential of aegeline from A. marmelos as an antibacterial agent against resistant strains of E. faecalis. However, additional in-vivo research must be conducted to experimentally validate these findings.
Comparison of Metformin and Myoinositol on Clinical, Hormonal and Metabolic Profile of Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: An Open-label Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Raj Prithiv , Samal Sunita , Chandrasekaran Shanmugapriya , Prabhu Karthiga , Sen Maitrayee
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), one of the common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age, varies from 2.2% to 26% globally. The treatment for PCOS aims to reduce Body Mass Index (BMI), improve underlying hormonal disturbances, prevent future reproductive and metabolic complications, and enhance the quality of life. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of metformin and Myoinositol (MI) on the metabolic, hormonal, and clinical profiles in PCOS. Materials and Methods: An open-label randomised clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur, Chengelpet, Tamil Nadu, India, from January 2019 to May 2020. The study included 80 women with PCOS who were randomly assigned to two groups. One group received metformin 1500 mg/day (in three divided doses), while the other group received MI 1 gram/day for three months. At the end of the 12-week therapy, the participants were evaluated for changes in clinical, metabolic, and hormonal profiles. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, proportion, mean, and standard deviation were used for quantitative data. Results: Both the metformin and MI-treated groups showed a significant reduction in BMI, fasting blood glucose, and fasting insulin. Both drugs were equally effective in changing the hormonal profile. There was a significant improvement in lipid parameters in both groups, with High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) levels being more significantly raised in the metformin group. The post-treatment HDL values in the metformin group were 75.69±19.16 mg/dL compared to 41.43±6.18 mg/dL in the MI group (p<0.0001). Both groups demonstrated similar efficacy in improving menstrual regularity, with 60% of the patients in the metformin group and 65% in the MI group having regular cycles at the end of treatment. Among infertility patients, the conception rate was 40% in the metformin group and 25% in the MI group (p=0.70). Conclusion: Both drugs were equally efficient in improving the clinical, metabolic, and hormonal profiles in PCOS. Metformin was found to be superior to MI in improving fertility and increasing HDL levels.
Integrated Nutrient Management Strategies: Unraveling the Impact of Bio-Fertilizers and Traditional Fertilizers on Soybean (Glycine max) Productivity
Authors: Samad Md. Abdus , Sikder Ripon Kumar , Karim Md. Towhidul , Iqbal Mahbub , Sumon Munshi Mohammad , Imtiaz Abdullah All , Shil Sautam Kumar , Touhidujjaman Md
Published: January 2024

The study investigated the impact of different treatments on soybean growth and productivity, focusing on plant height and various growth parameters. Notably, Treatment T6, incorporating cow dung, Rhizobium, and Phosphorus-Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB), consistently outperformed other treatments. At 40 days after sowing (DAS), T6 exhibited the highest plant height, a trend sustained at 60 DAS and harvest. This superiority was attributed to the synergistic effect of the bio-fertilizer components. The control (T1) consistently had the shortest plants. In terms of productivity, T6 consistently excelled across parameters such as number of branches (4.12), nodules per plant (29.33), number of pods (33.33), pod length (4.82), seeds per pod (4.29), and seed yield (1.87 t/ha). Additionally, T6 demonstrated the highest protein (39.41%) and oil content (18.60%). While the recommended fertilizer dose (T2) showed improvement over the control, T6 surpassed T2, emphasizing the synergistic benefits of combining organic and microbial inputs. These findings highlight the potential of bio-fertilizers, particularly the combined approach, in enhancing soybean productivity. The study provides valuable insights for sustainable agricultural practices and optimizing fertilizer strategies for improved crop yields.
Short Estrous Cycle Post-ovulation in Peri-pubertal Sahiwal and Jersey Crossbred Heifers
Authors: Sharma Pururava , Kumar Pravesh , Sharma Akshay , Negi Vijender , Kumar Harish , Sood Pankaj
Published: January 2024

This investigation focuses on analysing the follicular dynamics exhibited during peri-pubertal period in Sahiwal and Jersey crossbred heifers. The aim of the study was to assess first ovulation in the heifers following puberty (N=20; 10 for each breed). Heifers were subjected to alternate day trans-rectal ultrasonography (TRUS) when the diameter of dominant follicle surpassed 9 mm diameter. Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) was performed to observe and assess first ovulation in heifers. The size of the first pre-ovulatory follicle in Sahiwal and Jersey Crossbred heifer in peri-pubertal stage was 10.52±0.13 and 10.15±0.51 mm, respectively and the corpus luteum attained its maximum size of 13.89 and 11.26 mm, was significantly different (p<0.01) at day 8.6±0.4 and 8.2±0.48 in Sahiwal and Jersey crossbred heifers, respectively. The regression of corpus luteum (CL) adjudged by the Colour Doppler initiated on 10.6±0.4 and 11.0±0.63 day for Sahiwal and Jersey crossbred heifers, respectively. Some other follicular dynamics parameters i.e. day of wave onset, number of follicles recruited, inter-wave duration along with maximum diameter of dominant follicle, day of maximum diameter, growth rate, length of growth and static phase, duration of static phase and onset of atresia was recorded, however, no significant difference (p>0.05) was recorded between breeds. On an interesting note, the next estrous cycle for heifers did not lead to ovulation despite having follicular size more than10 mm in both the breeds.

Conclusion: In peroration, peri-pubertal Sahiwal and Jersey crossbred heifers had notably precocious luteal regression after first ovulation, without subsequent ovulation in next estrous cycle.