bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Looming Sovereign Debt Crisis – What’s Wrong with State-Regulated Economics
Authors: Khidasheli Mirza
Published: January 2024

On January 19, 2023, the United States hit its debt ceiling, leading to a debt-ceiling crisis. US sovereign debt, for decades, was considered a risk-free investment, but the 2023 US debt ceiling crisis shocked the financial world. The COVID-19 pandemic has hung a heavy burden on public finances. Quarantined economic activity heavily affected state budget revenues all over the world. Before the Covid-19 crisis, there was the 2008 financial crisis with its famous outcomes, when economic stimulus was provided including state budget programs financed by sovereign debts. It was still pandemic circumstances when on 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine in an escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War. In less than 20 years period the world has had three global-scale crises, but the deterioration social-economic picture is far less dramatic than it will be without state interventions. Nothing is free, it is an obvious and well-known economic axiom, so if the costs of these crises are not on the surface, it means that the problem is hidden somewhere and postponed in time. In a simplified picture we see that states' actions in the field of public finance aren’t rational. When revenues are decreasing, from a household point of view it is normal to turn on some austerity mode and live with less luxury, but different approaches are taken by the states when GDP growth and tax revenues are decreasing. The bright examples of these we saw during the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 crisis. From an economic point of view, loans couldn’t be a source of prosperity. Moreover, sovereign credit puts on long-run burden on the real economy. Money is considered a sign of wealth and prosperity, but actually, in the fractional reserve banking system, it is not the same. For the creation of debt money in the modern credit system, we don’t need savings, we can create it simply from “thin air”. So, an increased volume of money and debt in the economy doesn’t mean prosperity, it means more burden on future generations and the economy at all. The real economy has to pay these debts in the long run future and there it will negatively affect welfare and prosperity. More Fiat money doesn’t create prosperity, prosperity is a result of economic growth and savings. Printing money without proportional economic growth or creating debt money without adequate savings, only exacerbates allocation of resources and wealth. So, money multiplier is not about wealth creation it’s about wealth allocations. Empirical pieces of evidence from the current century showed us that, a crisis is a signal, it is a communication instrument that should be considered correctly and with some scrutiny examinations about its origins and foundations. Tactical solutions can't give strategic outcomes. When empirical evidence shows that instruments used by the state to extinguish crises create much more scaled ones, it’s time for rethinking and structural reforms.
Tech, Tradition, and Values: Transformative Paths for Family Businesses
Authors: Madi Aziz
Published: January 2024

This article offers a perspective on the family businesses (FBs) digital transformation, particularly it examines the dynamic interplay between the peculiarities of FBs (socioemotional wealth (SEW) and sustainability values) and digital transformation and highlights possible futures. The method employed involves conducting a comprehensive literature review to synthesize existing research on digital transformation, ultimately facilitating the envisioning of the future trajectory of digital transformation within FBs. FBs constitute a significant segment of the globe's most pioneering and forward-looking enterprises. The factors that shape the future landscape of digital transformation in FBs are identified: advancement of digital technology, emergence of new generations of successors, the evolving market needs, and the increased emphasis on extended SEW. Based on the factors that will influence digital transformation, this perspective article proposes three essential pillars on which the future digitally transformed FB will rely on: extended SEW, advanced digital technologies, and sustainability values.
People Break into Tech Professions and Master Distinctly New Technical Skills
Authors: Kalandia Ani
Published: January 2024

In the article there has been formulated the concept of a career change and there are contained results of studies regarding determinants of the tendency to introduce changes in the course of one’s career, with a special consideration given to moving from non-tech to tech fields. Next, there have been presented results of the author’s own research. The research results indicate differences among the computed groups regarding their decisions about career transition, analyzing professional migration of talent to the local market (Case of Georgia). Results from a research can draw several conclusions, that there is a huge interest in technology/ Growth of digital economy/ Technology is driven by novelty, and then - by pay and finally recommendations are presented for employers in terms of retaining existing talent.
Human Capital Index - Why Should Governments and Employers Take It Seriously?
Authors: Dzadzua Malkhaz
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the importance of Human Capital Index for the socio-economic condition of a country, and why governments and private institutions should closely monitor and follow these factors using the example of Georgia. According to the World Bank, Human capital consists of the knowledge, skills and health that people invest in and accumulate throughout their lives, enabling them to realize their potential as productive members of society. Besides the fact that investments in financial assets and physical capital traditionally dominates in economic relations, human capital still plays an important role in ensuring economic growth, productivity and innovation. The Human Capital Index (HCI) was launched by the World Bank in 2018 as a measurement of economic success. The index ranks member countries according to outcomes they achieve in health and education, and highlights how this progress can help improve the productivity of the new generation of workforces. According to HCI 2020 report, nearly 60% of children born today would be just half as productive as they would have been with full education and healthcare. This reflects a serious crisis in human capital especially in developing countries, with major implications for economic growth and the global effort to end extreme poverty by 2030. The government must ensure that all children receive a comprehensive package of education and healthcare services during critical periods of childhood to achieve their full potential. Policymakers must ensure that youth are well prepared to enter the labor market as healthy, skilled and productive adults, and are able to acquire necessary knowledge and professional competencies.
The effect of mothers’ effortful control, depression, emotional expression on preschoolers’ effortful control
Authors:   The Korean Early Childhood Education and Care Society, Noh Jee Young , Lee Hee Sun
Published: January 2024

This study explores how mothers’ effortful control influences to preschoolers’ temperamental and behavioral effortful control indirectly through mothers’ depression and emotional expression. This study focused on “ mothers’ socio-emotional characteristics” which are known to be closely associated with children’s effortful control. The major results of the study are as follow. Firstly, mothers’ effortful control significantly and negatively influenced preschoolers’ delayed function (hot task) and attention function (cool task) through mothers’ depression. Second, mothers’ effortful control significantly and positively influenced preschoolers’ temperamental effortful control. The findings of the study provided that highlight the importance of mothers’ emotional and cognitive adjustment to enhance children’s effortful control and emphasizes the need to understand the domain-specific mechanisms how mothers' behaviors and characteristics differentially influence children’s temperamental and two sub domains of behavioral effortful control.
Role of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Techniques of Respiration in Mechanically Ventilated Patients – A Systematic Review of Clinical Evidence
Authors: Mankad Dinkey , Trivedi Shreya , Bhatt Janvi P
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a specialised unit reserved for patients with life-threatening illnesses, injuries, or complications. Mechanical ventilation is a useful modality for patients who are unable to sustain the level of ventilation necessary to maintain the gas exchange functions. it is imperative to promote routine chest physical therapy in order to improve pulmonary and hemodynamic parameters. Neurophysiological facilitation of respiration is the terminology used to describe externally applied proprioceptive and tactile stimuli that produce reflex respiratory movement responses and that appear to alter the rate and depth of breathing.
Aim: The aim of the present systemic review is to provide comprehensive analysis of the respiratory proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique in mechanically ventilated patients by focusing on the all the clinical evidence.
Method: The present systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines [Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses] Two independent reviewers completed title, abstract, and full-text screening, assessing for study inclusion. Discrepancies were resolved by discus­sion or by a third reviewer A literature search was carried out on the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, PEDRO, Google Scholar and Research Gate By two independent investigators using the following keywords “chest PNF” “Respiratory PNF” “Neurophysiological facilitation of respiration” “NPF” “Chest PT” “Mechanical ventilator”. Studies meeting all inclusion and exclusion were reviewed and data were extracted.10 articles were selected for this systematic review.
Results: In the present review, data from 1281 patients were retrieved. 56.3 % are male and 48.5% are females. Mean age of included participants is 38 years with a range between 18-45. Out of 10 studies 7 were used combination of intercostals stretch and anterior basal lift technique of chest PNF, 2 studies were used vertebral pressure and abdominal co contraction and remaining 1 were used perioral pressure technique. Mean Duration of post operative rehabilitation is 3-5 days.
Conclusion: According to the analysis of the studies that are included in the above review we can determine that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques of respiration are effective in improving hemodynamic [ Heart rate, Blood pressure] and Pulmonary [ Tidal Volume, Minute Ventilation, Lung Compliance, Respiratory rate, spo2] parameter in mechanically ventilated patients.

Key words: “chest PNF” “Respiratory PNF” “Neurophysiological facilitation of respiration” “NPF” “Chest PT” “Mechanical ventilator”.
Legal regulation of inter-municipal cooperation in European countries
Authors: Olkhovik V. V. , Juchnevicius E.
Published: January 2024

The subject. Financial relations between municipal entities represent a crucial mechanism for enhancing the efficiency of public service delivery in European countries. Collaborative efforts among municipalities can lead to cost savings and the utilization of economies of scale. This is particularly prominent in countries with a high number of small municipalities. This article aims to identify effective forms of financial activities among municipalities across various cooperation domains and assess the applicability of international experience in the context of the Russian Federation.

Methodology. This study analyzes various organizational forms of inter-municipal cooperation, drawing insights from different countries, including Switzerland (associations of districts and cantons), Slovakia (joint municipal institutions, municipal associations, associations of legal entities), and France (syndicates and districts). Special attention is paid to the experience of inter-municipal cooperation in Slovakia, where it is not only a vital component of local government but also a tool for project management, often funded by external sources.

The main results, scope of application. The analysis of international experience in inter-municipal cooperation reveals diverse organizational models, each tailored to specific local contexts. Based on this analysis, the authors propose amendments and enhancements to Russian legislation. Implementation of these suggestions could enhance the efficiency of interactions among Russian municipal entities, improve planning capabilities, enhance labor productivity, and optimize public service expenditure.

Conclusions. Inter-municipal cooperation, as demonstrated by various international models, offers valuable insights for Russia. Adapting and implementing lessons from abroad can lead to improved governance and resource allocation, ultimately resulting in enhanced service delivery and cost-effectiveness for the benefit of the Russian population.
Withdrawal of the Donation Mortis Causa
Authors:   Korean Civil Law Association, Yoon Taeyoung
Published: January 2024

Although Korean Civil Code's article 562 notes that "The provisions on legacy shall apply mutatis mutandis to a gift that becomes effective due to the death of a donor." under the title of mortis causa, there are no specific regulations on which codes get mutatis mutandis applied. Thus this part entirely depends on interpretation, and there has been a theoretical dispute over whether article 1108 regarding arbitrary withdrawal of a will without the consent of the legatee can be applied mutatis mutandis to mortis causa. The dominant opinion is that mortis causa is a contract and must not be allowed to applied mutatis mutandis with the regulations on withdrawal of legacy. On the other hand, judicial precedents have not taken a clear position on this; however, contrary to the dominant view, the civil code's article 1108 on the withdrawal of will approved the mutatis mutandis application theoretically for the first time in the target judgment. Considering the intent of mortis causa and legacy, it is hard to acknowledge the difference between the two in that the donor's final intention regarding the attribution of one's property must be respected. Nevertheless, dominant view in Korea has been that the regulations on mortis causa should not be applied mutatis mutandis with article 1108 according to the legislator's decision in the section of the contract of legacy. However, considering the purpose of the enactment, the reason why regulations on mortis causa were placed in the section of the contract was that even if it was concluded in the form of a gift contract, it corresponds to a legacy and should be put as a care provision in order to show difference from legacy. If so, the remaining argument is the precedence in the comparative sentence between the beneficiary's right to expect and the donor's respect for the donor's final intention, which is judged to be more respectful of the donor's final intention, considering that the legacy and the mortis causa have the same purpose. Considering these points, it was very reasonable to haved judged that the target judgment applied mutatis mutandis with article 1108 on the withdrawal of the legacy is allowed to withdraw mortis causa unless there were special circumstances.
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Authors:   Korean Civil Law Association, Shin Bong Geun
Published: January 2024

In the digital age, the European Commission has published the AILD(Artificial Intelligence Liability Directive). The Commission proposed to supplement and modernize the EU's non-contractual civil liability regime, introducing new special rules for damages caused by AI systems. The new regulation is intended to ensure that victims of AI systems receive the same level of protection as victims of other technologies in the EU. The AILD reduces the burden of proof of damage caused by AI systems by creating a 'presumption of causal relationship' that can be disproved. It also gives courts the power to order the release of evidence about high-risk AI systems that appear to have caused harm. And, the European Commission announced the revision of the PLD(Product Liability Directive). The revised PLD aims to transform the EUs product liability regime to suit the digital age. The amendment introduces new regulations addressing liability for products such as software and digital services containing AI systems. In addition, the victim's burden of proof is alleviated by the presumption of defects and causal relationships, and the disclosure of evidence by the courts. Meanwhile, Korean laws that apply to artificial intelligence include the Tort Act and the Product Liability Act, both of which do not yet have special regulations on AI. In this situation, the EU's AILD(Artificial Intelligence Liability Directive) and the revision to the PLD(Product Liability Directive) give us many implications.
Settlor's right to claim the registration of transfer of ownership on trust property
Authors:   Korean Civil Law Association, Choi Su Jeong
Published: January 2024

Under the collateral trust the trust property is disposed according to the terms of trust and then the party concerned has the right to claim the registration of transfer of ownership. When the settlor has a remainder, he can have the right as an beneficiary. But his right arises only if the debtor di scharges the outstanding balance on the loan to the superior beneficiaries, the creditors. The compulsory execution against this future conditional right and the provisional disposition with regard to it is possible. But the feasibility depends on whether the debtor di scharges his obligation or not. However in all the other cases the settlor does not have the right, so the disposition of trust property itself is irrelevant to his property('patrimoine') and his creditors. When the collateral trust is settled in connection with real estate development business and the settlor as a developer enters into a sale contract regarding the real estate belonging to the trust property, he is authorized to dispose under the terms of trust. The trustee is now under an obligation to transfer the ownership registration to the buyer, because he is the legal owner of the real estate, not the party of the sale contract. The ownership of the real estate transfers directly from the trustee to the buyer. In this instance the settlor does not have the right to claim the registration of transfer of ownership which belongs to his property. This kind of disposition corresponds to the terms of trust and should be regarded as if the trustee himself disposed it. While it is the proper administration of trust and the trust property separates from the trustee's own as well as settlor's, there is no reason that the trustee is liable for torts against the creditors of settlor.
Analysis of professor characteristics and program support plan through teaching competency diagnosis: Focusing on F university
Authors:   The Korea Association for Care Competency Education, Lee Gyeoung-hee , Kim Kihong , Kim Jiyeon
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to diagnose the level of teaching competency and propose a teaching competency priority and teaching competency program by analyzing the difference in perception between the importance and implementation of the competency. For this purpose, data from 175 University F faculty members who participated in the survey were analyzed using paired-sample t-test, Borich needs assessment, and The Locus for Focus model. As a result of the study, first, significant differences in teaching competency were found by major, gender, rank, and number of participation in teaching methods programs. Second, for some competencies, significant differences were found between the importance and degree of implementation by employment experience and age. Third, as a result of comparing The Locus for Focus model analysis and Borich needs analysis, the teaching competencies that need to be developed as a top priority to strengthen teaching competency were motivational design competency, learning outcome evaluation and feedback competency, and lifelong learner competency. And, the next-highest priority competency was professional development regarding educational content and class time management competency. Based on the research results, a professor capacity building program considering characteristics such as professor experience was proposed. The significance of this study is that the programs proposed for each competency can be used as basic data for establishing and improving faculty support programs at other universities.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHENOL METABOLIZING BACILLUS CEREUS STRAIN SBBP4
Authors: Saboor Muarij Bunny  , Muccee Fatima , Muhammad Khurshid  , Nadia Hussain
Published: January 2024

US Environment Protection Agency has categorized phenol and its derivatives as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) due to the associated deleterious effects. Conventional mitigation approaches due to the complex procedures, high cost and involvement of lots of man power have failed in clearing this pollutant from ecosystem. Bioremediation based on bacteria can replace these conventional approaches due to simpler technology and low cost. In present study, we have tried to isolate and characterize phenol metabolizing bacteria from tannery industry soil. Isolation was carried out using minimal salt media (MSM) and serial dilution method. Followed this, bacterium was analyzed via growth curve analysis, ribotyping, biochemical testing, antibiotic sensitivity profiling, phenol removal assay and FTIR analysis. Bacterium was identified to be Bacillus cereus. It was fast growing capable of removing 98.7% phenol. It exhibited resistance against amoxicillin, augmentin, cefadroxil, and cephalexin. Comparison of FTIR spectra of control vs bacterial sample also showed slight variation in peaks indicating the change in bonds of phenol in the presence of present study isolate. Bacterium Bacillus cereus strain SBBP4 can be investigated for further optimization and employed for efficient phenol removal.
БОЛУШТУК ЖАНА БОЛУШТУК БАШКАРУУ: XIX К. АЯГЫ – XX К. БАШЫ (КЫРГЫЗСТАНДЫН ТҮШТҮК АЙМАКТАРЫНЫН МАТЕРИАЛДАРЫНЫН НЕГИЗИНДЕ)
Authors: Кубанычбек уулу Нурсултан
Published: January 2024

XIX кылымдын экинчи жарымынан тарта Орто Азия, анын ичинде Кыргызстандын аймагы Россияга каратылган. Натыйжада жергиликтүү калктын коомдук-саясий, социалдык-экономикалык турмушунда бир топ өзгөрүүлөр болгон. Жергиликтүү калктын мурдатан калыптанган башкаруу системасынын ордуна падышачылык саясатты ишке ашыруу үчүн жаңы башкаруу системасы киргизилген. Россия империясынын Түркстан аймагына киргизген башкаруу системасы “Аскерий-элдик башкаруу” деп аталган. Анын “элдик” деп аталган төмөнкү инстанциясын жергиликтүү башкаруу системасы түзүп, ал да өз кезегинде болуштук жана айылдык башкаруу баскычтарынан турган. Макалада, аталган доордогу болуштук жана болуштук башкаруу органынын уюшулушу, принциптери, өзгөчөлүктөрү изилденет.
ГЕОМЕТРИЯНЫ ОКУТУУ ПРОЦЕССИНДЕ ТҮЙҮНДҮҮ КОМПЕТЕНТТҮҮЛҮКТӨРДҮ КАЛЫПТАНДЫРУУДА ТУРМУШТУК МАСЕЛЕЛЕРДИН ТҮРЛӨРҮНӨН ПАЙДАЛАНУУ
Authors: Тагаева Дамира , Талипов Алмамбет , Кубанычбек кызы Токтоайым
Published: January 2024

Кыргыз Республикасында билим берүү процессин реформалоо учурдун актуалдуу маселелери болуп саналат. Бул багыттагы Мамлекеттик билим берүү стандарттарынын талаптарынын аткарылышы боюнча орто мектептерде предметтерди окутуу боюнча билим берүүнүн сапатын жакшыртуу максатындагы алгылыктуу иш-аракеттер жүрүгүлүүдө. Компетенттүүлүк мамиледе окутуу шарттарында орто мектепте геометрияны окутуу процессинде мамлекеттик стандарттардын талаптарына ылайык инсанга багыттап окутуу маселелери башкы оруду ээлейт. Компетенттүү мамиледе окутуу шарттарында геометрияны турмушка байланыштырып окутуу менен компетенттүүлүккө багытталган тапшырмаларды пайдалануу аркылуу окуучулардын түйүндүү компетенттүүлүктөрүн калыптандырууга негиз жаралат. Макалада геометрияны окутууда турмуштук маселелер аркылуу компетенттүүлүккө багытталган тапшырмалардын орду белгиленет.
Dynamic Modeling of a Solar-To-Hydrogen Flexible High Temperature Steam Electrolysis Plant
Authors: Immonen Jake , Powell Kody
Published: January 2024

Sustainble hydrogen production for use as a renewable combustible fuel and clean chemical feedstock is an important objective as the world moves towards a renewable energy future. High temperature steam electrolysis is a promising hydrogen production technology due to its reduced electric input that is offset by heat input into steam generation and steam superheating. An option to provide this heat is to use concentrating solar thermal technology that can sustainably provide heat input while renewable electricity is used for the electrolysis reaction. In this work, a solar-to-hydrogen high temperature steam electrolysis plant is designed and dynamically modeled, showing continuous hydrogen production by utilizing supplemental heating and efficient recuperative heating from the electrolysis product streams. Through this design, over 90% of the required heat input for the process can by met by a combination of solar and recuperative heat. Additionally, the plant can flexibility operate by ramping down hydrogen production and through flexible heat integration, which intelligently integrates solar heat based on solar conditions. Smooth operation with flexible hydrogen production is demonstrated which decreases electrical input during on-peak grid times and also decreases the total supplemental heat load over the course of a day from 26.1% to 24.5%. In addition, by using flexible heat integration, the plant can increase its solar heat usage by 4.1% relative to a base case. Both options for flexibility show efficient use of solar thermal energy to sustainably and continuously produce hydrogen.
Performance Evaluation of the Pressurized Synhelion Absorbing Gas Receiver
Authors: Zavattoni Simone A. , Good Philipp , Geissbühler Lukas , Rutz David , Toffanin Riccardo , Montorfano Davide , Ambrosetti Gianluca , Barbato Maurizio C.
Published: January 2024

The pressurized design of the Synhelion absorbing gas receiver concept has been presented. Despite its intrinsic increased design complexity, foreseen advantages such as receiver downscaling and more compact piping and insulation systems were the drivers for the initial development of the 250 kWth receiver design operating at high pressure (10 bar absolute). The latter was driven by the results of specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations aimed at evaluating the receiver thermo-fluid dynamics behaviour along with the relative performance. This paper shows the results of the two initial CFD simulations campaigns aimed at evaluating the effect, on the receiver performance, of the integration of absorbing inserts (i.e., a series of concentric disks specifically arranged into the cavity to capture the incoming concentrated solar radiation) and the position and shape of the inlet section of the heat transfer fluid. The simulations results allowed not only to evaluate the receiver performance, in terms of thermal efficiency, but also to observe some criticalities related to the motion of the HTF through the receiver.
Elevating river basin governance and cooperation in the HKH region: Summary report III, Indus River Basin
Authors: Rollason Russell , Green Trudy , Bhattarai Basundhara
Published: January 2024

The report "Elevating River Basin Governance and Cooperation in the HKH Region: Summary Report III on the Indus River Basin" provides a comprehensive overview of the Indus River Basin, emphasizing its significance as a crucial water source for over 268 million people. The report highlights the challenges posed by climate change, stressing the expected increase in water demand and the need for a multilateral or regional framework for enhanced basin-scale management. The report offers high-level recommendations for climate resilience, food and water security, regional water governance, and the adoption of common approaches and tools. Furthermore, it underscores the need for a people-centered approach, and the documentation of existing knowledge and success stories of marginalized groups. Key aspects of the report include: A detailed analysis of the Indus River Basin, its socio-economic trends, environmental characteristics, and climate change impacts. An examination of the state of basin governance, including relevant treaties, policies, and agreements. The report also focuses on gender and social inclusion (GESI) and engagement with all relevant stakeholders, including people with disabilities, indigenous people, and other marginalized populations in knowledge generation, dialogues, planning, and cooperation at the local and basin scales. It is part of a series of three reports on Elevating River Basin Governance and Cooperation in the HKH Region, which also include reports on the Ganges and Brahmaputra river basins.
Poeticizing Cinematic Experiences: Traditional Thai Poetry in the Early Film Magazine Phappayon Siam
Authors: Chunsaengchan Palita
Published: January 2024

This article analyzes Thai poems that discussed the early days of cinema in three weekly issues of Phappayon Siam from 1922. Published among other prose writings, the poems depicted the poets’ moviegoing experiences, the splendor of cinema, and references to Buddhism using archaic words and Sanskrit literary forms. The article examines the unusual connection between traditional poetry and modern cinema and argues that this convergence not only reshapes the way we think about the hegemonic narratives about prosaic influences on cinema but also the scope of indigenous investment in traditional religious figures and their relationship to cinema and modernity.
Sun and Shadow: Musidora’s Self-Curated Stardom in Periodicals and the Archive
Authors: Palmer Tim
Published: January 2024

Musidora is one of pre-sound cinema’s most globally acclaimed stars, whose career encompassed acting, film direction, creative writing, and poetry. Her work as archival curator is generally overlooked, however, and this article explores how this latter phase of her work actually consolidated her cultural identity as a pioneering woman star-filmmaker. To do this, the article focuses on the Musidora Collection at the Bibliothèque du Film in Paris, exploring how Musidora, star-turned-periodicals-compiler, distilled her professional emergence in the 1910s and 1920s. Historically revisionist, this article finds in Musidora’s multi-modal work a woman using early cinema publications to engineer an archival time capsule.
La naturaleza estadística de la causalidad
Authors: Papineau David
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo reciente de David Papineau retoma el proyecto de la exacta relación entre las correlaciones estadísticas y la causalidad desde un análisis a posteriori acerca de naturaleza de la causalidad. Da cuenta del comportamiento estadístico de la causalidad y propone un enfoque y método reduccionista nuevo para abordar la causalidad, entre sus ventajas, la capacidad de responder acerca de la asimetría temporal entre causa y efecto, explicar la discrepancia entre causalidad y causalidad caso–particular (singular–case causation), y entre otros problemas que típicamente se enfrentan los enfoques y métodos tradicionales de inferencias causales o modelamiento de estructuras determinísticas causales. La importancia de este trabajo filosófico radica en la continuación del proyecto del uso de ecuaciones estructurales determinísticas para hacer inferencias causales, su clara y rigurosa metodología, su aplicación a casos relevantes para explicar más acabadamente su teoría causal (uno de los casos siendo el de las correlaciones EPR), y su novedoso aporte a la estadística y a la metafísica de la causalidad.
Reabilitação de cavidade anoftálmica com prótese customizada através da técnica de pintura da íris – um relato de caso
Authors: Fernandes de Almeida Ruan , Nichthauser Brigitte , Pantoja Braga Francisco , Brasil Leal Cristiane Maria , Feitosa Fernandes André Victor
Published: January 2024

A ausência ou perda de um olho pode ocasionar alterações físicas, psicológicas, emocionais e funcionais em um indivíduo. A reabilitação desses pacientes pode ser feita através de procedimentos cirúrgicos ou protéticos, restabelecendo autoestima, autoconfiança e auxiliando na reinserção desses pacientes ao convívio social. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a confecção de uma prótese ocular através da técnica de pintura da íris, realizada no Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (CEO/UEA).  O paciente foi encaminhado para a realização da prótese, após ter perdido o olho devido um trauma, a prótese ocular foi confeccionada com resina acrílica termopolimerizável e pintada à mão com tinta acrílica sobre fundo ocular acrílico incolor. A prótese foi instalada e as instruções explicadas. No presente caso, o paciente ficou satisfeito com o resultado estético e funcional.
Cambios en la religiosidad del paciente relacionados con la demencia
Authors: Richly Pablo , Cuello Candela , Fernández Croce Mora , Flores Ignacio , Dorman Guido , O´Neill Santiago
Published: January 2024

La demencia se caracteriza por un inicio gradual y un deterioro cognitivo y conductual progresivo, que provoca un significativo impacto en el funcionamiento normal del paciente. Con el objetivo de determinar si hay cambios en la religiosidad de los pacientes con demencia, desarrollamos un cuestionario con el propósito de evaluar cambios en aspectos relacionados con la religiosidad de los pacientes 10 años atrás y en la actualidad. Este formulario fue contestado por familiares y cuidadores. El estudio mostró que los pacientes con demencia podrían experimentar una reducción de la importancia dada a la religión y a sus prácticas asociadas durante el curso de la enfermedad. Sin embargo, la creencia en Dios no se vería modificada a pesar del diagnóstico. Por lo tanto, y dado que se ha visto que la religiosidad puede ayudar en pacientes con demencia, señalamos la relevancia de tener en cuenta dicha variable y de incorporar estrategias para los tratamientos de rehabilitación cognitiva y para la psicoeducación del entorno del paciente.
Actualización en el uso y el manejo del litio en neuropsiquiatría
Authors: Corrales Alejo , Cetkovich-Bakmas Marcelo , Abadi Andrea , Camino Sebastián , García Bonetto Gerardo , Márquez Lopez Mato Andrea , Marengo Eliana , Abraham Estela , Maresca Tomás , Bagnati Pablo , Dallamea Amalia , Canseco Diego , Morra Carlos , Corral Ricardo , Sotelo Daniel , Strejilevich Sergio , Pessio Julián , Vilapriño Juan José , Vilapriño Manuel , Rebok Federico , Vázquez Gustavo
Published: January 2024

Artículo de revisiónEl litio es un metal alcalino, usado hace más de 60 años en psiquiatría, y actualmente es considerado el estándar de oro en el tratamiento del trastorno bipolar (TB). De acuerdo con la evidencia reciente, este principio activo es útil para el tratamiento de un amplio espectro de variedades clínicas de los trastornos afectivos. Además, se estima que desde hace tiempo el litio reduce el riesgo de suicidio y de comportamiento suicida en personas con trastornos del estado de ánimo. Por otro lado, algunos estudios novedosos han demostrado que el catión posee una potencial eficacia para el tratamiento de otros procesos neuropsiquiátricos, tales como la probabilidad de disminuir el riesgo de demencia y la de ralentizar el desarrollo de enfermedades neurodegenerativas. A pesar de la enorme evidencia a favor de la utilización del litio, se sabe que, en la Argentina, las especialidades medicinales que lo contienen se prescriben menos de lo esperado. En virtud de todo lo mencionado, la Asociación Argentina de Psiquiatría Biológica (AAPB) convocó a un grupo de expertos para revisar la literatura científica disponible y elaborar un documento actualizado sobre el manejo y el uso del litio en neuropsiquiatría. Además de la utilización del ion en la práctica clínica diaria, el alcance de esta revisión incluye otros contenidos que se han considerado de interés para el médico psiquiatra, tales como ciertos aspectos farmacológicos y farmacogenéticos, posibles predictores clínicos de la respuesta al tratamiento con litio, el manejo del ion durante el período perinatal, el manejo de litio en la población infantojuvenil, el manejo de los efectos adversos vinculados con el catión y las interacciones con medicamentos y otras sustancias.
Students' Attitude Towards Focused Educational Video Sharing Sites for Learning
Authors: Md Ali Sazanah , Mohamad Ali Ahmad Zamzuri
Published: January 2024

This study is aimed to analyse the psychological factors, social, technological and institutional that influence students' attitudes to use and accept the focused educational video sharing site. The acceptance factors were studied based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). A series of learning software video tutorials in the form of screencast has been developed and uploaded to focused educational video sharing sites named LearnSoftware to be used in this study. A questionnaire has been used as an instrument to analyse the students' attitudes in acceptance of the site for educational purpose. Quantitative research method was used and data were collected from 294 students of Multimedia studies (major and minor) from 5 Public Higher Learning Institutions. Multiple regression analysis conducted found that psychological factors contributed the main influence towards the use of the focused educational video sharing site. In sum, the findings of this study are beneficial for institutions, students and lecturers, and video-sharing site developers in understanding learners’ behavior towards decision-making in accepting and using new technologies introduced.
Menangani Ketaksaan dalam Transliterasi Mesin Jawi - Rumi menggunakan Pengelasan Naive Bayes Multinomial (NBM)
Authors: Che Wan Ahmad Che Wan Shamsul Bahri , Omar Khairuddin , Nasruddin Mohammad Faidzul , Murah Mohd Zamri
Published: January 2024

This paper discusses the problem of ambiguity in Jawi - Rumi machine transliteration for Jawi homograph words. Machine transliteration (MT) is the process of converting a script from source text to target text automatically. In the context of Malay MT for Jawi - Rumi, there are difficulties in obtaining high -accuracy transliteration of homographical Jawi words. Homographs are words that are the same spelling, but have different meanings and pronunciations. In the old Jawi spelling there were many homograph words, while it was successfully reduced when “Pedoman Ejaan Jawi yang Disempurnakan” (PEJYD) was first introduced by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP) in 1986. The main issue in the study of Malay Jawi - Rumi machine transliteration was word inaccuracy when the Jawi word is transliterated to Rumi. For example, the word “بيرو” can be transliterated to ‘biru’(blue) or ‘biro’(bureau), the word “بيليق” can be transliterated to ‘bilik’(room) or ‘belek’(turn around). This paper proposes that the Multinomial Naive Bayes (NBM) classification method be used for homograph unambiguity for TM Jawi - Rumi. Test results found that the accuracy of using this method can reach up to 67 percent.
Reimagining Seed Grants for the 21st Century: Individual and Institutional Impacts of a Mini-Grants Program
Authors: Bailey Margaret , Mason Sharon , Marchetti Carol , Dell Betsy , Litzler Elizabeth , Valentine Maureen
Published: January 2024

The Connect Grants initiative is an innovative mini-grants program that promotes faculty leadership and career development while enhancing the university’s scholarship environment and infrastructure. Launched in 2014 as part of a National Science Foundation (NSF) ADVANCE Institutional Transformation (IT) effort, the initiative is designed to broaden faculty opportunities and support creative department-level efforts to guide faculty through career stages. Due to its successes, the program has been institutionalized. Through Bolman and Deal’s (2017) organizational lens, this paper describes the motivation for creating the program, its design, evolution, and evaluation. Findings indicate that the program supports individual awardees by expanding networks, building critical skills, and promoting scholarship, while also influencing institutional policies and practices. In contrast to some other inclusivity initiatives, the Connect Grants program targets institutional structures rather than focusing solely on individual skillsets and deficiencies. This provides an opportunity for reimagining seed funding and realizing both individual and institutional impacts.
Standing in the Gap: Middle Level Music Learning in the United States and Its Territories
Authors: Cronenberg Stephanie , Williams Brandon
Published: January 2024

All students deserve access to quality music education and qualified music teachers prepared to teach them; however, there are some gaps in the field's knowledge of how all students across the United States are served in music education. One such knowledge gap is focused on middle level (fifth through eighth grade) music learning, a critical period in both student and program development. This national survey aimed to understand the status of middle level music education at public and public charter schools throughout the United States and its territories during the 2020–2021 school year. Of the 2,749 responding schools, 29.52% offered no middle level music learning opportunities while schools offering music learning reported an increase in choral experiences and a decrease in general music and orchestral experiences as students move from fifth to eighth grade. More than 80% of the responding music teachers identified as White and more than 60% identified as women. In addition, more than three fourths reported feeling underprepared for middle level music teaching. Our findings present a national portrait of available music learning opportunities, music teacher demographics, and music teacher perceived preparation for fifth through eighth grade. While hopeful for many school communities across the country, our findings also raise important questions for future research and for the preservice and in-service preparation of middle level music educators.
Izvidi u kontekstu transnacionalnog kriminala
Authors: Rošić Marijo , Hržina Danka
Published: January 2024

Članak nastoji praktičarima ponuditi odgovor na pitanje kako naložiti provođenje izvida u inozemstvu i kako postupiti kod zaprimanja zahtjeva u provedbi izvida izdanih od stranih država u okviru međunarodne policijske ili pravosudne suradnje. Autori uvodno definiraju pojam izvida kao neformalnih radnji koje se poduzimaju u predistražnoj fazi postupka kako s aspekta pozitivnih propisa Europske unije (dalje: EU) i sudske prakse Republike Hrvatske tako i s aspekta zakonskihrješenja i prakse drugih država članica EU-a. Nadalje, autori se bave i pitanjem dokazne snage izvida, razlikama u pravnim sustavima država članica EU-a u vezi s odlučivanjem o zakonitosti dokaza koji će se koristiti na raspravi i na kojima će se temeljiti presuda, kao i uvjetima pod kojima se dokaz pribavljen u inozemstvu smatra zakonitim dokazom u domaćem kaznenom postupku. Članak nudi odgovor na uvodna pitanja s obzirom na važeće instrumente pravosudne i policijske suradnje,s posebnim naglaskom na obavijesnim razgovorima s građanima koji se nalaze u inozemstvu, budući da navedena izvidna radnja predstavlja poseban izazov za praktičare. Zaključno, u članku se upozorava na postojanje pravnih praznina čije prevladavanje zahtijeva ili veću harmonizaciju kaznenog procesnog prava na razini EU-a ili izradu novog „instrumenta“ pravosudne, odnosno policijske suradnje.
Determining the degree of resilience among nurse educators in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhassan Fatimah , AlHassan Aisha , Al Radi Fatimah
Published: January 2024

The study employed a cross sectional study approach with quantitative a data collection method, to explore the experiences of nurse educators in Saudi Arabia regarding their resilience. The study wasconducted in a large hospital in Al-Ahsa, using a convenience sampling method to recruit 158 nurse educators from different five hospitals. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire and semi-structured interviews and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and thematic analysis. A total of 77 nurses participated in this study with wiht age majority (74%) of from 30 to 40 years and 63.6% Saudi Arabian. There are only few numbers of participants have a high level of resilience. The study findings reported that there was no significant difference (p > .05) in the resilience level according to demographic characteristics such as age, gender, years of experience, income, type of hospital where they are working in, nationality, and work shifts.
„Tapasztalatból származó ideáink” eredete John Locke érzékeléselméletében
Authors: Pásztor Árpád Attila
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Az anscombe-i „megfigyelés nélküli tudás” fogalma
Authors: Steiner Dóra
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
A megismerés mint recedens mozgás. A szellem mozgástana Hegel filozófiájában
Authors: Czétány György
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Lehetségesség a fizikában
Authors: Molnár Attila
Published: January 2024

Lehetségesség a fi zikában
ILO guidance note on Migrant Worker Resource Centres (MRCs)
Authors:   International Labour Organization,
Published: January 2024

Migrant Worker Resource Centres (MRCs) provide critical information and services for migrant workers throughout the migration cycle. This Guidance Note presents the key principles of the ILO approach, and provides insights for the establishment and operation of MRCs, capacity building of MRC staff, design and implementation of service provision, effective communications and outreach, and monitoring and evaluation and sustainability.
FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: A.I. RZAGULİEV A.I. RZAGULİEV
Published: January 2024

Implementation of autonomous vehicles could change the finance and economics of the companies. Autonomous vehicles can operate around the clock, without the need for breaks or rest periods, which can increase efficiency and productivity. There could be no fatigue or tiredness for autonomous vehicles. This can lead to cost savings and increased revenue for companies that use autonomous vehicles. Autonomous vehicles can also help reduce labour costs, as they do not require a human operator. Autonomous vehicles are one of the main players in the market. For this reason, they are significant in Azerbaijan too. Autonomous vehicles could 92% safer in case of human error. If autonomous vehicles could be implemented in Azerbaijan by the year of 2030 number of accidents could be 87. Autonomous vehicles could save from 13.3% to 26.7% of fuel. If I compare 2021 fuel costs to 2021 AV fuel costs, it will give us a difference of 301283 USD. Autonomous vehicles could also save 80-90% labour costs. With the implementation of the autonomous vehicles the labour costs could decrease from 1038 AZN to 156 AZN in 2017. Those numbers could decrease from 1451 AZN to 218 AZN in 2021. Overall, autonomous vehicles could increase safety and impact the economy positively in Azerbaijan and worldwide. Autonomous vehicles could have a positive effect on the economy of Azerbaijan