bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POBREZA E DESIGUALDADE DE RENDA: UMA ANÁLISE PARA A REGIÃO IMEDIATA DE ILHÉUS-ITABUNA, BAHIA, BRASIL
Authors: Santos Neto Givaldo Correa dos , Espí­rito Santo Monick Midlej do , Amaral Thaí­s Santos , Fernandes Drielle Santos Oliveira , Gomes Andréa da Silva , Pires Mônica de Moura
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo parte de um novo recorte regional, a Região de Influência Imediata de Ilhéus-Itabuna, a qual engloba 22 municí­pios, busca verificar se a pobreza, sob a ótica multidimensional, se apresenta de forma distinta entre as áreas rurais e urbanas e se, nos locais onde há maior desigualdade de renda, os indicadores de pobreza são maiores. Como procedimentos metodológicos foram adotados o Índice de Theil-L, o Coeficiente de Williamson e o Índice de Pobreza Multidimensional. Os dados utilizados referem-se às zonas urbanas e rurais da região imediata de Ilhéus-Itabuna, Bahia, a partir dos setores censitários do Censo Demográfico de 2010 do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatí­stica. De acordo com os resultados, nota-se que a pobreza está espraiada pela região analisada, porém mais concentrada nas zonas rurais, as quais apresentam maiores í­ndices de pobreza. Por outro lado, nas zonas urbanas, as quais oferecem maior diversidade de serviços superiores, esses í­ndices de pobreza são menores. Nos principais municí­pios da região estudada, que são Ilhéus e Itabuna, os ní­veis de desigualdade de renda são mais elevados nas áreas urbanas. O conjunto dos fatores observados evoca a necessidade de reformulação de polí­ticas públicas para a região, especialmente na geração de emprego, melhor distribuição de renda, aumento no ní­vel educacional da população, melhor infraestrutura e melhor oferta de serviços de saúde básica.
CAMPONESES E APICULTURA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO MACIÇO COLOMBIANO
Authors: Bastidas Diana Carolina Cadena , Esquerdo Vanilde Souza
Published: November 2021

Os sistemas produtivos desenvolvidos pelas comunidades camponesas caracterizam-se por uma ampla rede de relações sociais, que se entrelaçam pelo conhecimento na prática. Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo foi analisar o processo de emergência e implantação da apicultura em um grupo de produtores rurais do Sudoeste da Colômbia, agrupados na Associação de Apicultores do Maciço Colombiano-APIMACIZO. A metodologia aplicada foi a história oral, tendo como recurso metodológico os relatos orais. Dentre os resultados, fica evidenciada a articulação de diferentes setores à prática apí­cola, bem como a intervenção de alguns setores estaduais no processo de formação da Associação. As narrativas de alguns dos membros da APIMACIZO permitiram compreender a ligação de diferentes setores (igreja, famí­lia, vizinhos) da vida do campesinato desta Associação com a prática apí­cola; onde a articulação se deu por meio do conhecimento. É a partir do conhecimento em apicultura que os laços de amizade, vizinhança, compadrazgo e relações familiares se consolidaram.
ÍNDICE DE DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL SUSTENTÁVEL APLICADO AOS MUNICÍPIOS DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DO CARIRI
Authors: Lima Mirelle Tainá Vieira , Silva Maria Inácio da , Oliveira Carlos Wagner , Firmino Paulo Renato Alves , Souza Joceam dos Santos
Published: November 2021

Índices ou indicadores de sustentabilidade são meios úteis para mensurar e avaliar o desenvolvimento de territórios e organizações. O presente trabalho buscou comparar o ní­vel de desenvolvimento sustentável alcançado entre os nove municí­pios da Região Metropolitana do Cariri (RMC), analisando indicadores ambientais, econômicos e sociais. Os dados atualizados foram selecionados com base no documento IDS BRASIL (2014) do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatí­stica (IBGE), e coletados por meio das plataformas IBGE cidades, anuário do IPECE e Atlas Brasil. Os dados foram normalizados, facilitando a comparação de desempenho nas diversas dimensões da sustentabilidade. Depois de transformados em í­ndices, os valores foram categorizados entre: crí­tico, estado de alerta, aceitável ou ideal. O conjunto de informações básicas que envolve renda e trabalho, educação, saúde, segurança, infraestrutura, acesso a polí­ticas públicas de distribuição de renda, drenagem, saneamento, urbanização, vegetação, rendimentos, entre outros, e seus respectivos desempenhos, foi compilado e agregado por meio de uma média obtida a partir dos resultados individuais em cada municí­pio de estudo. Os municí­pios mais desenvolvidos da região são Juazeiro do Norte, Crato e Barbalha, nessa mesma ordem. Santana do Cariri é o municí­pio que necessita de maior atenção quanto ao seu desenvolvimento.
ANÁLISE DO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE ALIMENTAÇÃO ESCOLAR E OS PROBLEMAS PARA A AQUISIÇÃO DE PRODUTOS DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Machado José Tobias Marks , Bratkowski Gabriela Rodrigues , Oliveira Luciana Dias de , Nascimento Etho Roberio Medeiros , Silva Vanuska Lima da
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar e analisar os entraves de operacionalização da compra da agricultura familiar para o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) em municí­pios com percentual de aquisição inferior a 30% no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram analisados 28 municí­pios gaúchos de quatro regiões do estado: Sul, Médio Alto Uruguai, Alto da Serra do Botucaraí­ e Missões. Foram elaborados e enviados três questionários estruturados com perguntas fechadas e de múltipla escolha, sendo um direcionado aos gestores, um voltado aos técnicos do escritório municipal da Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural, e outro para o nutricionista responsável pela alimentação escolar. Além disso, foi realizada uma análise dos editais de chamada pública de cada municí­pio estudado. Dentre os principais resultados destacam-se a falta de profissionais compondo quadro técnico no setor de alimentação escolar e o desconhecimento por parte dos municí­pios de pontos fundamentais da legislação que rege a compra da agricultura familiar para o PNAE (Lei 11.947/2009). Concluiu-se que apesar dos avanços do PNAE ao longo dos anos em termos legais, sua operacionalização no ní­vel das Entidades Executoras ainda precisa de aperfeiçoamentos.
ESPAÇO URBANO E PRODUÇÃO DE CENTRALIDADES SOCIALMENTE SEGMENTADAS: EM QUE SE FIRMA A CENTRALIDADE DE CAMPOS DO JORDíO, SP?
Authors: Fernandes Marilne Thomazello Mendes , Papali Maria Aparecida Chaves Ribeiro , Gomes Cilene , Andrade Daniel José de
Published: November 2021

Com base em uma revisão do conceito de centralidade, apoiada em aportes da geografia e do urbanismo, objetiva-se ressaltar os atributos de centralidade da cidade de Campos do Jordão (SP), em distintas escalas de tempo e da organização espacial. Para isso, procedeu-se a uma leitura da história da cidade com o intuito de reconstituir a estruturação do espaço urbano, evidenciando a dinâmica demográfica e de atividades econômicas deflagrada pelo turismo, a produção de centralidades intraurbanas socialmente segmentadas e a centralidade de Campos do Jordão no espaço regional e microrregional. A metodologia utilizada inclui, além da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, procedimentos de quantificação, uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento e análise espacial e observações in loco. As constatações empí­ricas possibilitaram fazer apontamentos para uma discussão sobre a racionalidade da cidade mercadológica que se impõe, simbólica e funcionalmente, sobre as dinâmicas da população moradora, alimentando disparidades sociais e conivência do poder público na depreciação dos direitos de todos à vida digna na cidade.
FUNDO ROTATIVO SOLIDÁRIO DO QUILOMBO MARANHENSE PIQUI DA RAMPA: INSTRUMENTO DE FINANÇA SOLIDÁRIA E AUTOGESTÃO
Authors: Nascimento José Edilson do , Gomes Jaí­ra Maria Alcobaça , Fé Elisângela Guimarães Moura
Published: November 2021

Este artigo analisa o Fundo Rotativo da Comunidade Quilombola Piqui da Rampa, o qual tem se constituí­do como importante instrumento de finança solidária. O Piqui da Rampa está localizado no municí­pio de Vargem Grande, Estado do Maranhão, Brasil. O referido fundo foi constituí­do por inciativa da Associação do Piqui da Rampa com a finalidade de conceder doações ou empréstimos para moradores que estejam com dificuldades para solucionar problemas relacionados com questões de saúde, viagens, funerais etc. A análise está baseada em fontes de informações primárias, obtidas a partir de entrevistas junto a membros fundadores e dirigentes da associação e da aplicação de formulários junto aos chefes das famí­lias da comunidade. Os resultados apontam que o Fundo Rotativo do Piqui da Rampa é mantido através dos excedentes gerados pela comercialização dos produtos agrí­colas, dos lucros obtidos a partir do tradicional festejo da farinha e das diárias de trabalho dispensadas em prol da associação. As caracterí­sticas deste fundo convergem para as definições e classificações existentes, contudo o mesmo precisa avançar em relação à formalização, organização administrativa, registros e controle das atividades. As ações solidárias desenvolvidas pelo Fundo Rotativo do Piqui da Rampa desempenham uma função que ultrapassa a simples questão da doação. A sua importância está relacionada com valores e princí­pios que são construí­dos ou realçados como a solidariedade e a reciprocidade.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LITERATURE AND SELF CONTROL ON CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR (STUDY ON STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SUMATERA UTARA)
Authors: Sari Maya , Adilla Bahri Lubis Nur , Jufrizen Jufrizen
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of financial literacy on consumptive behavior of students with financial concentration in 2017 in the Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. to find out and analyze the effect of self-control on consumptive behavior. Students with 2017 financial stambuc concentration in Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. This study uses a quantitative research approach. The data analysis technique in this study uses multiple linear analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that partially there is a significant effect of the Financial Literacy variable on the Consumptive Behavior of the Students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. The results of this study conclude that partially there is a significant effect of the variable Self-Control on Consumptive Behavior in Students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. Economics and Business Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.
POLITICAL THOUGHT AND RELIGION IN POSTWAR JAPAN: FOCUSING ON CHANGES IN THE EARLY 1970s
Authors: Ryuji Fujimoto
Published: November 2021

This chapter discusses, in the light of political thought, the background to the emergence of a new religious awareness prevailing in Japanese society today. When taking a general look at the political thought of postwar Japan focusing on the view of the world generally held by the Japanese people and the attitudes of intellectuals, it is evident that the development of political thought up to around 1970 was centered on the Japanese people’s aspiration for economic growth, praying for peace, and the sympathy for communism among intellectuals and pacifism advocated by them. However, this political thought became less prevalent in the 1970s. This is considered to be due to the fact that Japan attained its primary goal in achieving the economic growth it had pursued since defeat in the war, and this gave rise to a post-modern situation that was no longer explicable in terms of modern thought, such as existentialism and Marxism. The new situation is characterized by the perception of material goods as signs and the decline of the ‘grand-narrative.’ Further, the post-modern situation gave greater emphasis to our inner soul than to reality, and as such, is considered to have played a certain role in the emergence of the so-called new-new religions and the ‘new spirituality culture,’ which seek contact with the non-secular realm. Additionally, as interest in secular matters such as economic desire, was satisfied, people became more aware of the‘eyes of the war dead,’ which had been forgotten for some time after the war. This awareness is considered to have affected the Yasukuni problem. Accordingly, it is likely that the changes in political thought around 1970 are behind both of these religious issues.
TRANCE-GRESSION: TECHNOSHAMANISM, CONSERVATISM AND PAGAN POLITICS
Authors: Green David
Published: November 2021

This article looks at the politics of successive Conservative governments in Britain in the 1980s and ‘90s through the lens of the increasing politicisation of Paganisms in that period. A wave of moral panics in the late ‘80’s and early ‘90s concerning marginal communities – such as Ravers, New Age travellers and anti-road protesters – and their ‘riotous assemblies’, culminated in the Conservative Government of John Major enacting The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act of 1994. This was seen by these communities as legislation against alternative lifestyles and, in some respects, an infringement of spiritual freedom. Using the case study of technoshamanism – a Pagan meeting of ‘rave’ culture and neo-shamanism – I wish to examine how the political and Pagan religious landscapes of ‘80s and ‘90s Britain intersected and led to politically engaged forms of Pagan practice often centred around grassroots lifestyle and environmental politics. This will be explored with especial reference to the politicisation of The Spiral Tribe, a technoshamanic collective of the early ‘90s, and their increasing involvement in resisting the 1994 Act and promotion of campaigns such as Reclaim the Streets.
THE REPRESENTATION OF AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGION AND CULTURE IN NIGERIA POPULAR FILMS
Authors: Ebere Uwah Innocent
Published: November 2021

One of the ways by which religious rituals communicate in African society is by maintaining cohesion in the culture. They connect participants to richer meanings and larger forces of their community. Even in representational models, rituals create solidarity in the form of subjective experiences of sharing the same meaningful world which is attained by participants through the condensed nature of symbols used therein. Traditional religion is one ritual that despite the influence of westernization and scientific developments in Africa, still holds meaningful implications in people’s everyday life. Thus, from day break to evening, people have religious rituals with which they communicate with their God or gods, deities and ancestors. Also from weeks to seasons, months to years, there are festivals and rituals both in private and in public situations which the African still celebrate in connection with the ‘living dead’ or those in the ‘spirit world’. This paper by means of nuanced textual analysis of some Nigerian home based films: Things Fall Apart (1986), Igodo: The Land of the Living Dead (1999), Sango, (1998), Festival of Fire, (1999), Bless Me, (2005) traces religion to the root paradigm of African cultures as a channel to the construction of African identity
THE MEDIA, TERRORISM AND POLITICAL MOBILIZATION OF MUSLIMS IN KENYA
Authors: Faki Mwinyihaj Esha , O. Wanyama Fredrick
Published: November 2021

Muslims constitute just about 10% of Kenya’s population and their perceived marginalization in the country’s politics since the colonial period has often led them to retreat from the political scene. However, the democratization process that has energized the development of the media as well as the upsurge of terrorism seems to be transforming the participation of Muslims in Kenyan politics. This paper illustrates how the war on terror and the emergence of Muslim media have influenced the increasing visibility of Muslims in the political scene. From the previous peripheral status, they are now entering national political alliances that can protect their interests and in doing so, Muslims are edging towards influencing national politics in Kenya. The paper thus concludes that the war on terror and the liberalization of the media have been a boom for the mobilization of Muslims to participate in national politics in Kenya.
THE INDIGENIZATION AND POLITICIZATION OF AMERICAN ISLAM
Authors: Takim Liyakat
Published: November 2021

The increased presence and visibility of Muslims in America in the past century means that Islam is no longer to be characterized as a Middle Eastern or South Asian phenomenon. Given the fact that it is the fastest growing religion in America, Islam is now a very American phenomenon. The face of American Islam has changed dramatically especially after the events of September 11, 2001. This article will examine the impact that recent events have had on the American Muslim community and will focus on increasing political engagement by members of the community. It will examine the political experience of American Muslims and will discuss how community members have come together to try to change the American political landscape.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS ELITE IN CONTEMPORARY MACEDONIAN SOCIETY
Authors: Matevska Dushka
Published: November 2021

In contrast to the political parties which are a relatively new social phenomenon, the religiosity is a universal social one which has been incorporated in almost every significant civilization and was established on the grounds of a certain religious component. Regarding the Christianity, this act has been directly bounded to the recognition of the Christianity as an official religion of the Roman Empire which led to an impermissible relationship between the church and the state. The Church began to neglect its holy duties more frequently by turning to secular ones. It was no longer a Church that served the people but, rather, it became a Church aspiring towards power and dominion. The focus of this paper will be the influence of the political elite on the religious situation in the Macedonian post-communist society. We will do our best to determine both the genesis and the reasons that led to such a firm link between the political parties of the Macedonian provenience and the Macedonian Orthodox Church, as well as the possible negative impact of this “matrimony” between the holy and the secular over the Macedonian multi-cultural, multi-ethnical and multi-confessional society especially in the post-conflict period.
ARMENIAN CHRISTIANS IN JERUSALEM: 1700 YEARS OF PEACEFUL PRESENCE
Authors: Haytayan Laury
Published: November 2021

This paper examines the presence of the Armenians in Jerusalem for the past 1700 years. This historical account sheds the light on the importance of Jerusalem for the Armenians, especially for the Armenian Church that was granted the authority to safeguard the Holy Places in the Holy Land with the Greek and Latin Churches. During the centuries, the Armenians survived all the conquests and were able to find all sorts of compromises with all the different powers that conquered Jerusalem. This study shows that the permanent presence is due to the wise religious authorities and the entire Armenian community who had no backing from super powers but they had their religious beliefs and their persistence in safeguarding the Holy Places of Christianity. The author takes the reader back in History by stopping at important events that shaped the history of the Armenians in the Holy Land.
JERUSALEM AND THE JEWS: THE VIEWS OF INDONESIAN MUSLIM STUDENT ACTIVISTS
Authors: Husein Fatimah
Published: November 2021

Jerusalem is a city of controversy. This paper attempts to describe the views of Indonesian Muslim student activists, who are studying in two different categories of university, namely secular and religious-based, on Jerusalem and the Jews. The choice of students of different organizations and universities is meant to give a more comprehensive perspective, and is based on the assumption that the students from the Islamic university will have different perspectives on these issues compared to those of secular universities. Five students from each category were interviewed. The interviews were not recorded but transcribed so that the interviewees could speak freely. These interviews however do not reflect the opinions of student organizations and the universities. It reflects the students’ own perspectives.
SECULARISATION AS AN INTERNATIONAL CRISIS IN LEGITIMACY
Authors: Gelot Ludwig
Published: November 2021

Scholars of International Politics have recently come to grip with the global resurgence of religion. Since the inception of the field of International Politics, the secularisation thesis had been taken for granted and religion dismissed as unimportant. But in line with the current transformation affecting societies worldwide as well as with the re-consideration of the secularisation thesis by Sociologists, new resources must be developed within IR to better understand current events. While theories and concepts have been developed within Sociology and the Political Sciences, no such tools are available in International Politics. Thus, this article provides a tentative theory of secularisation drawing on resources endogenous to the field. Drawing on recent advances in the broadly Constructivist tradition, this article re-interprets secularisation as a protracted international crisis of legitimacy.
TASAWWUF AND WESTERN INTERESTS PERSPECTIVE OF HISTORY AND POLITICS
Authors: Ladjal Tarek , Bensaid Benaouda , Mohd Nor Mohd Roslan
Published: November 2021

This relationship between Sufism and politics presents itself at the heart of an emerging Western interest in Sufi political development. Western institutions have identified Tasawwuf as viable option for shaping all forms of cooperation and understanding with the Muslim world. Such a choice however, stems from factual realities shown in the practice of some Sufi schools and historical developments. This inquiry seeks to explore the historical context of Sufism in relation to political engagement while elucidating its course of interaction as a demonstration of its very values and ideals. This paper also examines some of the similarities and differences between the attitudes of classical and contemporary Sufi practices vis- à-vis political life, and evaluates the evidences of both the current approaches to and interpretation of the position of Sufism in today’s world. This research demonstrates the partial interpretation that favours a particular trend pertaining to Sufism and politics, and suggests that the defiant and politically active interpretation of Tasawwuf is by large the dominant and historically consistent current in Sufi thought and practice.
MAO ZEDONG IN PRESENT-DAY CHINA – FORMS OF DEIFICATION
Authors: Wardęga Joanna
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this paper is to present how in China, a country combating religious beliefs, Mao Zedong has become a cult object and how the fondness towards the “Great Helmsman”, often adjacent to deification, is manifested in the present-day country. During his life, Mao Zedong was the central character of the political and social sphere of the People’s Republic of China. Admiring and, to some extent, identifying himself with the First Emperor of China, Mao was to become his contemporary version. The height of the personality cult occurred during the Cultural Revolution and was manifested in mass adoration of the Chairman. After his death and reckoning of merits and faults (in a 7:3 ratio, with dominance of the first ones), Mao seemed to be evanescing in the shadow in the modernizing China. The Maoists were fighting against religion, the feudal superstitions, however in recent years, in the officially atheist China, some beliefs in supernatural beings, power of religious rituals and offerings for ghosts reappear, as well as the interest in Buddhism, Taoism, syncretic sects and Christianity. Among the hope bringing powers there appears also deified Mao, as the creator of powerful China. The places connected with the Chairman, located on the route of the “Red Tourism” are visited by masses of the Chinese. Talismans with his image are supposed to provide security, good fortune and even prosperity. Mao is becoming a deity in the nationalistic pantheon of the power gaining China.
THE SECURITISATION OF TIBETAN BUDDHISM IN COMMUNIST CHINA
Authors: Topgyal Tsering
Published: November 2021

This article examines the troubled relationship between Tibetan Buddhism and the Chinese state since 1949. In the history of this relationship, a cyclical pattern of Chinese attempts, both violently assimilative and subtly corrosive, to control Tibetan Buddhism and a multifaceted Tibetan resistance to defend their religious heritage, will be revealed. The article will develop a security-based logic for that cyclical dynamic. For these purposes, a two-level analytical framework will be applied. First, the framework of the insecurity dilemma will be used to draw the broad outlines of the historical cycles of repression and resistance. However, the insecurity dilemma does not look inside the concept of security and it is not helpful to establish how Tibetan Buddhism became a security issue in the first place and continues to retain that status. The theory of securitisation is best suited to perform this analytical task. As such, the cycles of Chinese repression and Tibetan resistance fundamentally originate from the incessant securitisation of Tibetan Buddhism by the Chinese state and its apparatchiks. The paper also considers the why, how, and who of this securitisation, setting the stage for a future research project taking up the analytical effort to study the why, how and who of a potential desecuritisation of all things Tibetan, including Tibetan Buddhism, and its benefits for resolving the protracted Sino-Tibetan conflict.
ISLAM IN CHINA
Authors: Israeli Raphael
Published: November 2021

Unlike other Muslim minorities in the world, the one in China is : a. Divided between two large ethnic groups: Hui in China Proper, who are concentrated in major urban agglomerations; and Uighurs, of Turkish stock, who used to make up the majority in North-Western China, but are now outnumbered by Han Chinese, via a policy of settlement and dilution of the minority. b. Except for Xinjiang, the Muslims of China are not attached to any particular territory (like the Mongols in Mongolia or the Tibetans in Tibet), but are spread all over the country, something which dilutes them into an insignificant minority (1-2%) in spite of their large absolute numbers (25-30 million). The vast distribution of the Muslims all over that vast country has made for a huge diversification in their creed and customs, beyond the division between Hui and Uighurs. This great variety has created many sects and sub-sects, some of which are very special to China.
OLD SAGE FOR NEW AGE? THE REVIVAL OF RELIGIOUS CONFUCIANISM IN CHINA
Authors: Wang Chaohua
Published: November 2021

In recent years, Confucianism has been once again identified as the essence of Chinese civilization and a religion that was central to the Chinese people throughout China’s long history. Scholars are appealing to the Communist Party to make Confucianism the State religion (guojiao). What are the political implications of the phenomena? Can these claims stand to intellectual scrutiny? Conducting a brief historical survey of religious Confucianism in Chinese politics, in addition to an analysis of shared principles essential to various Confucianist positions today, this paper argues that religious Confucianism presented by its contemporary promoters is a constructed myth originated mainly from the Qing times (1644- 1911). The supposed Confucian teaching does not carry religious meaningfulness associated to either individual existence or social life in contemporary China. It remains powerful primarily in connection to the State, or a collective nation (Zhonghua), vis-à-vis the world outside ethnic Han communities. Despite this - or precisely because of this - a revived religious Confucianism may have the greatest potential to become a political force in China in our globalizing age, more so than any other major world religions, even if others may have larger Chinese following than Confucianism.
POLITICS, POLICY AND FAITH: THE CHRISTIAN RIGHT IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Smith Marcus , Marden Peter
Published: November 2021

In this paper we offer a critical assessment of the politics of the Christian Right and question the degree to which the religious values of the Christian Right are compatible with a democratic political culture. If religious values are equally political values making the separation of religious belief and political action a fraught exercise, then a number of issues arise. Political action inspired by religious faith should not prevent critical scrutiny of the underlying values, or more importantly, their influence in shaping public debate and public policy. If religious values are indeed political values, then do protections of freedom of religious expression privilege forms of faith-based politics over secular forms? And if so, to what end? We argue that a more nuanced analysis of the intersection of religion and politics is required to ensure that public politics is not threatened by particular forms of religious political activism that exhibit totalitarian tendencies. At the very least, close attention needs to be focused on particular policy advocates and the agenda they seek to advance with little accountability or transparency despite claims to represent the public interest. It is to these ends that this paper makes a contribution
“Please Let me Use Google Translate”: Thai EFL Students’ Behavior and Attitudes toward Google Translate Use in English Writing
Authors: Chompurach Wichuta
Published: November 2021

The present study aims to investigate how Thai EFL university students use Google Translate (GT) in English writing, how they post-edit (PE) its outputs, and how they view GT use in English writing. The participants were 15 third-year non-English major students from three universities in Thailand. The data collection tools were an interview and two writing assignments. After the data analysis, the findings revealed the students’ behavior of GT use and their output PE as well as their attitudes toward GT use in English writing. The results reported the students always used GT in completing writing tasks at both sentence and paragraph levels, and most students did PE the outputs before applying them. However, a few students used the outputs with no PE because they trusted in GT more than they did in themselves. Regarding the PE level, the students intended to address lexical and syntax errors, so their correcting covered the light level. The results also revealed mixed messages in their attitudes toward GT use in English writing. Most students viewed GT as a helpful, reliable assistant enhancing their writing quality, but some raw GT outputs of phrases, idioms, long sentences, and paragraphs were found incomprehensible. Also, the students acquired some bad habits from using GT. However, most students disagreed with not being allowed to use GT in English writing. The study recommended language teachers to provide Thai EFL students adequate instructions for the effective use of GT and its output PE.

 
From European Federalism to the European Union, Insights of Nobel Prize Laureate, Maurice Allais
Authors: DIEMER Arnaud
Published: November 2021

From 1945 to the end of his life, Maurice Allais, Nobel Prize Laureate in Economics (1988), devoted a large part of his work to the European question. As a staunch Unionist, Allais insisted on the fact that, while the threefold freedom of goods, people and capital was necessary to improve the well-being of individuals, it was also a very ambitious goal. Thus, he argued, it was necessary to promote a European federalism on the basis of a scientific criterion: economic democracy—and via an organized method: competitive planning. However, Allais was aware that political integration had to precede economic integration and that economic efficiency could not be ensured without a single currency. He argued that the introduction of the euro had to be accompanied by real monetary reform (credit system, indexation of future commitments, stock markets, international monetary system) in order to regulate the multiplication of financial crises.
Contemporary HRM Solutions as a Way of Fostering the Pro–Innovation Influence of Remuneration
Authors: Sajkiewicz Barbara
Published: November 2021

The article presents evidence that it is possible to bolster the pro–innovation influence of remuneration by applying certain human resource management solutions currently being developed. The conducted research shows that the effectiveness of pro–innovative remuneration systems is determined not only by the structure of the system, but to a great extent by the solutions that support it and are found in the sphere of company management. Empirical evidence and statistical analyses demonstrate that the effectiveness of pro–innovation remuneration systems grows when the company strongly supports worker innovation by way of a pro–innovation organizational culture, structure, and business strategy. Important conditions determining the effectiveness of a pro–innovation remuneration system include its cohesiveness with the HRM system as well as the comprehensiveness of pro–innovation HRM remuneration solutions. Moreover, it was shown that monetary compensation is a very important instrument in motivating workers to be innovative. However, its effectiveness increases when it is supplemented by intangible motivation—i.e. recognition.+
The Work–Life Interface in a Situation of Forced Employee Flexibility
Authors: Świątek-Barylska Ilona , Januszkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

The COVID–19 experience has clearly shown that flexibility in the context of work is not uniform. Modifying one work parameter affects another. Companies considering staying remote should analyze the broader context of this change. In the article, the focus is on the cross–contamination of spheres of life in a situation of forced flexibility, in which employees had had to reorganize their ways of working almost overnight. By adopting a phenomenological approach, on the basis of qualitative research conducted using the Individual In–depth Interview (IDI) method during the lockdown period (March–April 2020), an attempt was made to develop a semantic and operational description of the coexistence of professional and private life subject to these specific conditions, assuming that they act as an accelerator for phenomena and processes related to the flexibility of organizational behavior. Based on the criterion of separateness of spheres of life and an individual’s activity in their management, four types of Work–Life Interfaces were distinguished as a consequence of the analysis of empirical material.
Klimat organizacyjny a konflikty ról w perspektywie równowagi praca–życie
Authors: Lubrańska Anna
Published: November 2021

W opracowaniu podjęto problematykę wzajemnych relacji klimatu organizacyjnego i konfliktów ról (konfliktu praca–rodzina i konfliktu rodzina–praca), osadzając zagadnienie w kontekście równowagi praca–życie (Work-Life Balance). Projekt zrealizowano w aspekcie teoretycznym i empirycznym, obejmując badaniem grupę 757 pracowników. Narzędzia badawcze stanowił Kwestionariusz Klimatu Organizacyjnego Kolba i kwestionariusz Konflikty: Praca–Rodzina i Rodzina–Praca Netemeyera i współpracowników. Z wykorzystaniem analizy korelacji poddano weryfikacji związki klimatu organizacyjnego (w wymiarze ogólnym i poszczególnych składowych) z konfliktami praca–rodzina i rodzina–praca. Stosując analizę wariancji, niezależnie w grupie kobiet (n = 402) i mężczyzn (n = 355), ocenie poddano znaczenie typu klimatu organizacyjnego dla doświadczania konfliktu ról. Uzyskane rezultaty umożliwiły sformułowanie implikacji praktycznych odnoszących się do codziennej praktyki organizacyjnej.
Long-Term Outcome Following Decompressive Craniectomy in Pediatric Penetrating Blast Brain Injury; a Prospective Study
Authors: Javadi Seyed Amir Hossein , Balu Parisa , Naderi Behdani Fereshteh , Orandi Amir Hossein , Ahmadipour Ehsan , Pestei Khalil
Published: November 2021

Background: Brain penetrating blast injury is a leading cause of early death due to excessively elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), culminating in trans-tentorial herniation. The role of craniectomy to decrease ICP and secondary injuries has been controversial particularly in pediatric patients. Three cases of pediatric penetrating blast injuries undergoing decompressive craniectomy are reported in Methods: The current study was a prospective series, including fifteen cases of pediatric blast-related brain injury referred to the emergency ward during a period of two years. Three survived patients had a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of four along with anisocoric pupillary light reflex (PLR). Decompressive craniectomy and ventriculostomy (EVD) were performed. The patients underwent ICP monitoring for two weeks. Results: Early postoperative GCS (5 days) was 7/15 in all three patients. Two weeks and one month’s GCS were 9 and 14, respectively. After three months, cranioplasty was performed. Long-term follow-up detected no major motor deficits after one year and was associated with excellent school performance. Neuroplasticity resulted in contralateral dominancy and handedness in one case. Conclusions: Survivors of pediatric blast brain injury had a favorable outcome after decompressive craniectomy in the current paper. However, there was a limited number of patients, and the results could not be generalized. Further research in this regard with larger sample size is recommended.
The Importance of Systemic Inflammatory Response Index, Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index, and Hemoglobin-Albumin-Lymphocytes-Platelets (HALP) Score in Children with Cancer
Authors: Ertan Kubra , Kara Buket , Disci Sekibe Isik , Vatansev Husamettin , Koksal Yavuz
Published: November 2021

Background: Biological inflammatory status in cancer patients is evaluated with various parameters. Limited studies have been conducted on this issue in children. Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the importance of the biological inflammatory status, including systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index, and hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocytes-platelets (HALP) score in children with cancer. Methods: Demographic characteristics, complete blood count, and biochemical analysis of the patients on admission were recorded retrospectively. Since not meeting the necessary assumptions, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of the two groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for the comparison of more than two groups Results: The SIRI of the patients was statistically higher than the control group (P < 0.0001). Considering lymphoma, central nervous system tumors, and solid tumors, there was a statistical difference between the groups in SII index and SIRI (P values: .0245, and .0060, respectively). Regarding inflammatory biomarkers, according to the extent of cancer (localized or advanced disease), it was found that SIRI was higher in patients with advanced disease (P = 0.0175). The patients who died had a statistically higher HALP score (P = 0.0472). Conclusions: The inflammatory biomarkers can be used in childhood cancers to determine the extent of the disease and predict outcomes. However, in larger patient series, ideal values should be achieved by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic curves and the area under the curve.
Evaluation of Factors Affecting Wrist Radio-Cephalic Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation: A Single Institutional Observational Study
Authors: Prabha Vikram , Vernekar Ritesh R. , Patel Priyeshkumar , C. Ghagane Shridhar , Nerli Rajendra B.
Published: November 2021

Background: Chronic renal failure is the most common indication for which arterio-venous (AV) fistula creation surgery is being performed. Various studies have found that native arteriovenous fistulas are the best in long-term patency with lower complications. We conducted this study to find out the role of preprocedural duplex ultrasound (DUS) in predicting outcomes of radio-cephalic fistula in the wrist in the North-Karnataka population. Methods: This prospective study was conducted from May 2019 to July 2020 on 50 patients who were hemodialysis-dependent and underwent AV fistula creation with age from 20 to 70 years. All the patients underwent preoperative DUS and were followed up post-operatively after one, two, and six weeks. Hemodialysis was initiated through the constructed fistula once it was mature, and the maximum blood flow through the fistula was measured. SPSS version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Among 50 subjects, the overall cumulative success of AVF maturation was 86% (43), and failure to mature rate was 14% (7). Logistic regression of maturation outcome in the wrist autologous arteriovenous fistula for individual factors showed statistically significant results (P < 0.05) for the diameter of the radial artery > 1.6 mm and the distensibility of the cephalic vein > 0.4 mm. Conclusions: Vein distensibility and radial artery diameter are key factors in predicting successful AVF maturation. The use of intraoperative papaverine instillation directly on vessels can improve arteriovenous fistula outcomes.
Low Vitamin D Level was Associated with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sheikhi Vahid , Heidari Zahra
Published: November 2021

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major public health concerns. Besides the known risk factors, other risk factors, such as vitamin D deficiency, have been suggested for NAFLD. Objectives: This cross-sectional research aimed to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and NAFLD in a group of patients with T2DM. Methods: We investigated various clinical and biochemical parameters, including serum vitamin D level, liver function tests, and liver sonography in 1,110 adult patients with T2DM. The mean difference of numerical variables in NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups was analyzed with an independent sample t-test. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between two categorical variables. Results: Out of 1,110 patients with T2DM, 837 (75.4%) had NAFLD. The mean vitamin D level in diabetic patients with NAFLD was significantly lower than non-NAFLD group (19.71 ng/mL vs. 27.68 ng/mL, respectively; P < 0.001). Furthermore, 410 (49%) patients with NAFLD were found with vitamin D deficiency, while this value was 85 (31.1%) in non-NAFLD group. According to the results of univariate logistic regression analysis, vitamin D deficiency (OR = 3.87) and insufficient vitamin D (OR = 2.83) were the significant variables for NAFLD. Conclusions: There was a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and NAFLD in patients with T2DM.
Vybrané metody využívané v praxi při posuzování úvěruschopnosti spotřebitele
Authors: Stančík Martin
Published: November 2021

This paper deals in detail with the issue of assessing the creditworthiness of consumers. The aim of the paper is to point out not entirely clear requirements of the law and to focus on the economic and other non-legal methods that are applied in practice applied when assessing the creditworthiness of consumers.
Zrušení daně z nabytí nemovitých věcí a jeho dopad na ekonomiku státu
Authors: Papavasilevská Sandra
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with a topic including the abolition of the tax on the acquisition of immovable property and its impact on the state economy. Although the tax on the acquisition of immovable property was abolished in September 2020, there are still many unanswered questions about the repeal. One of the main objectives of the contribution is to answer the question of why and, if so, on what grounds the cancellation was made at the most inopportune moment, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The contribution will, inter alia, address tax theory, in particular in relation to trasnfer taxes, by comparing them, including the abolition of the tax on the acquisition of immovable property itself. An integral part of this will be to look at the effectiveness of abolishing this tax and to make at least substantial assertions as to why such a repeal did not take place either sooner or later, and in particular what effect it will have on the overall economy of the state, which is already facing a burden on the state budget due to the pandemic situation.
Africapitalism, Ubuntu, and Sustainability
Authors: Crippen Matthew ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: November 2021

Ubuntu originated in small-scale societies in precolonial Africa. It stresses metaphysical and moral interconnectedness of humans, and newer Africapitalist approaches absorb ubuntu ideology, with the aims of promoting community wellbeing and restoring a love of local place that global free trade has eroded. Ecological degradation violates these goals, which ought to translate into care for the nonhuman world, in addition to which some sub-Saharan thought systems promote environmental concern as a value in its own right. The foregoing story is reinforced by field research on African hunting operations that appear—counterintuitively—to reconcile conservation with business imperatives and local community interests. Though acknowledging shortcomings, I maintain these hunting enterprises do, by and large, adopt Africapitalist and ubuntu attitudes to enhance community wellbeing, environmental sustainability, and long-term economic viability. I also examine how well-intentioned Western conservation agendas are neocolonial impositions that impede local control while exacerbating environmental destruction and socioeconomic hardship. Ubuntu offers a conciliatory epistemology, which Africapitalism incorporates, and I conclude by considering how standard moral theories and political divisions become less antagonistic within these sub-Saharan frameworks, so even opponents can find common cause.
Poetical reduplications in Alexander Vveden­sky’s fiction
Authors: Tsvigun Tatiana V. , Chernyakov Alexey N.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the poetics of reduplication in Alexander Vveden­sky's fiction texts. The aim of this research is to analyse the functional range of reduplications at different textual levels, from the lexical to the thematic. Reduplication is understood as one of the most important tools of Vvedensky's linguopoetic experiment, aimed at the 'revision' of the ability of language to signify and represent the world and its basic semiotic principles. For Vvedensky, the non-normative punctuation of contact lexical reduplications creates prerequi­sites for perceiving repeated word forms as occasional homonyms, distinguishes the signified behind the signifier, and also problematizes the nature of poetic communication. On the grammatical level, reduplication creates tension between repeated grammar patterns and their lexical realisations, which allows Vvedensky to demonstrate the potential extensibility of syn­tactic models and make grammatical semantics a compensatory mechanism that fills the se­mantic void of the poetic utterance. Vvedensky's thematization of reduplication as the "dou­bling of the world" is a mirror, which deforms and transforms reality. Mirror semiosis illus­tra­tes the loss of iconicity by reduplication and, as a consequence, the impossibility to repre­sent the object by its reflection. The authors conclude that on the level of vocabulary and gram­mar, reduplication creates dynamism in the verbal space of the text, activates its inter­pre­tation and thus creates the situation of gnoseological doubt in the adequacy of language as a means of representing the world. In the thematic field, it deprives the world of its self-iden­tity since objects constantly multiply, lose their distinctiveness or, on the contrary, find mea­ning where it does not exist.