bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of yield and plant traits of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivated in temperate region in light of the possibilities of sowing in arid areas
Authors: Zając Tadeusz , Klimek-Kopyra Agnieszka , Oleksy Andrzej , Lorenc-Kozik Anna , Ratajczak Karolina
Published: December 2016

This work is a review of selected literature on the species of Brassica with the greatest economic significance. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera) currently ranks third worldwide among oilseed crops used for oil production and is the most important in the temperate zone. The manifold uses of rape include not only human consumption of oil, but also the use of post-extraction meal to feed livestock as well as industrial applications as a source of bioenergy or cellulose. The improvement in the economic position of rape among crop plants is also due to the doubling of its yield between 1970 and 2009; the average annual increase in seed yield worldwide was 27 kg ha−1 yr−1. The yield level in Europe exceeds the average yields achieved in the world, particularly in Asia. Recently, the cultivation of oilseed rape was started on a relatively large acreage in Iran where the yield amounted 2.1 t ha−1, exceeding the yields of China and India. In Poland, the acreage of oilseed rape cultivation between 1965 and 2013 increased 3–4 times, and during this period the annual increase in seed yield was 29 kg ha−1 yr−1. Under the field conditions of the temperate climate zone, winter oilseed rape yield is mainly determined by agro-climatic conditions during the growing period, the level of nitrogen fertilization, and the production potential of varieties, which is currently highest in hybrids. There is a noticeable tendency of hybrids towards formation of more siliques by individual oilseed plants. Different production categories of plants appear in a rape crop. Semi-dwarf varieties of winter rapeseed are distinguished by greater silique density, particularly on the main shoot. Moreover, these hybrids are characterized by faster growth of the root system, which enables them to take up nitrogen from the soil more efficiently.
Consultores gramaticais e visão da língua portuguesa: consenso ou desacordo?
Authors: Cruz Edson Braz Carvalho
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de estudar os consultórios gramaticais hospedados em dois blogs e um site na internet. A proposta é investigar, por meio do arcabouço teórico da análise do discurso, como se processa a interação entre consultores (professores/linguistas) e consulentes (leitores/internautas) acerca de dúvidas sobre o uso mais adequado da Língua Portuguesa. Constatou-se que essesconsultórios gramaticais podem ser bastante úteis para o trabalho dos revisores de textos. Palavras-chave: Revisão de textos. Consultórios gramaticais. Internet. Usos da Língua Portuguesa.
Título e texto: aspectos de uma relação estrutural
Authors: Martins Eduardo Assis
Published: December 2016

Este artigo pretende analisar a relação entre títulos e textos, realizando uma comparação entre dois gêneros textuais diferentes, notícia e crônica (ouartigo assinado). A partir de uma perspectiva sociointeracionista, verificou-se que as variações de produção entre jornais dependem das práticas da comunidade de produtores e que os títulos são configurados diversamente de um jornal para o outro. Constatou-se também que apresentam variação de um gênero para outro e que, apesar disso, noções como estrutura e hierarquia são ainda importantespara a compreensão dessa relação.Palavras-chave: Relação título-texto. Notícia.Crônica. Sociointeracionismo.
A identificação e os processos de segregação na contemporaneidade
Authors: Pereira Carlos Eduardo , Ferrari Ilka Franco
Published: December 2016

processo de identificação é essencial na discussão contemporânea sobre os laços sociais e as novas formas de segregação, e está intimamente ligado aos sentimentos de aversão e hostilidade presentes em toda relação afetiva que perdura por algum tempo. Esse “narcisismo das pequenas diferenças” estaria na base dos mecanismos que engendram os processos de segregação na cultura. Lacan retoma o tema da identificação proposto por Freud, que pode ser nomeada de histérica, narcísica ou imaginária, e diz da questão do outro em nós. Assim, a singularidade que marca o sujeito, sua identidade mais íntima é, para ele, ao mesmo tempo, estranha e exterior, o que nos remete ao que Freud (1919/1996) fez alusão em seu texto “O Estranho”, e ao conceito lacaniano de extimidade. Para Lacan, a diferença em um grupo somente acontece pela hostilidade ou exclusão de outro diferente. Contemporaneamente, com a expansão da ordem capitalista e do ideal científico, assistimos à multiplicação de oferta de identificações que impõem uma homogeneização dos modos de gozo que podemos designar com uma manifestação do sintoma do Outro da cultura: aquilo que não vai bem e denuncia um disfuncionamento na relação entre os seres humanos e a cultura que os sustenta. Essas identificações segregam, na medida em que suas manifestações sinalizam pontos de fracasso no projeto de civilização, e podem ser tomadas como falhas no laço social. O fracasso escolar, o abuso de crianças, a violência urbana e as toxicomanias são exemplos dessas ocorrências.Palavras-chave: Identificação. Segregação. Freud. Lacan. Contemporaneidade.
ATENDIMENTO MÓVEL DE URGÊNCIA: GESTÃO DE SERVIÇO
Authors: Cardoso Leticia Silveira , Bertoncello Mariana Xavier , Ceretta Paulo Sergio , Costa Valdecir Zavarese da , Rocha Laurelize Pereira , Cezar-Vaz Marta Regina
Published: December 2016

Objetivou-se compreender a funcionalidade do processo de trabalho do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência na perspectiva dos profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em pronto socorro. Investigação realizada pela técnica de entrevista semiestruturada gravada com 16 profissionais e analisada pela abordagem qualitativa temática composta por pré-análise, exploração do material, tratamento e interpretação dos dados. Desta emergiram as categorias: As ações do SAMU; Finalidades do SAMU; Contribuições do SAMU para o trabalho em Pronto Socorro; Contrassensos na centralização dos serviços do SAMU. Os resultados descrevem respectivamente os primeiros socorros; o deslocamento e a agilização do trabalho e; ratificados nos contrassensos como benefícios. Deste conjunto de informações pode-se concluir que a implantação está viabilizada e o funcionamento disponibiliza o suporte avançado à vida. Assim como, a comunicação interprofissionais é um aspecto positivo, já a investigação clínica do profissional regulador com o solicitante, não.Descritores: Socorro de Urgência; Inter-relação; Enfermagem.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE PORTADORES DE ETILISMO DAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA DE LAJEADO/RS, 2011-2012
Authors: Hendges Deise Juliana Beckel , Carreno Ioná , Ferreira Daniel Granada da Silva
Published: December 2016

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e ambiental de indivíduos que referem o uso de álcool cadastrados no Sistema de Informação de Atenção Básica do município de Lajeado/RS. Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo, transversal e com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra compreendeu 202 indivíduos cadastrados como usuário de álcool, foi utilizado SPSS v.22 para análise estatística. A faixa etária com maior prevalência foi de 40-59 anos, sendo 83,7% homens, quanto às patologias associadas destacam-se a HAS e DM, 16,3% e 5,4% respectivamente. Em relação às condições ambientais e sanitárias observou-se que a situação de moradia encontra-se adequada para a maior parte da população. Desta forma, evidenciou-se a necessidade de fortalecimento de políticas públicas visando à diminuição do uso de álcool e a promoção da atenção integral a saúde desta população.Descritores: Alcoolismo; Sistemas de Informação; Atenção Primária a Saúde; Saúde Coletiva; Políticas Públicas de Saúde.
SOLUBILIZAÇÃO DA CUMARINA EM MEIO AQUOSO E DETERMINAÇÃO DA SUA ATIVIDADE ANTIBACTERIANA
Authors: Silva Milene Ribeiro da , Stefano Greicy Mara Mengue Feniman-De , Sakai Otávio Akira , Seixas Flávio Augusto Vicentes , Moritz Cristiane Mengue Feniman
Published: December 2016

A pesquisa teve como objetivo estabelecer o menor grau etanólico para a solubilização da cumarina em meio aquoso e avaliar a sua atividade antibacteriana. Avaliou-se a solubilidade em água destilada e soluções etanólicas 10%, 30%, 50% e 70%, sendo estabelecida a solução etanólica a 30%, como solvente. As concentrações 1.024, 512, 256, 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4 e 2µg/mL (p/v) de cumarina foram testadas pelo método da microdiluição contra as bactérias Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 14458), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 7644), Escherichia coli (ATCC 11229), Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica sorovar. Typhimurium (ATCC 13311), Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica sorovar. Typhi (ATCC 19214) e Shigella flexneri (ATCC 12022). A solução etanólica a 30% de cumarina teve efeito inibitório significativo para bactérias Gram positivas, apresentando CIM <2µg/mL para S. epidermidis, B. cereus e L. monocytogenes.Descritores: Cumarínicos; Solubilidade; Antibacterianos
Formation of N‐Nitrosamines in Drinking Water Sources: Case Studies from Western Australia
Authors: Linge Kathryn L. , Kristiana Ina , Liew Deborah , Nottle Caroline E. , Heitz Anna , Joll Cynthia A.
Published: December 2016

This study investigated the formation of eight N‐nitrosamines after laboratory chlorination and chloramination of Western Australian source waters (from protected catchments), which experience periodic cyanobacterial blooms. All measured N‐nitrosamines, except N‐nitrosodipropylamine, were detected at least once, and total N‐nitrosamine formation was higher after chloramination than after chlorination. While previous studies have shown that some cyanobacteria can be related to the formation of N‐nitrosamines, formation of N‐nitrosamines in the waters tested did not correlate with total cyanobacteria count. Estimates of toxicity, using published 50% lifetime excess cancer risk values, indicated that N‐nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was the highest contributor to the total measured N‐nitrosamine toxicity, suggesting that other measured N‐nitrosamines will only influence toxicity when they are present at significantly higher concentrations than NDMA. When assessing the overall health impact of disinfection by‐products, it is important to also consider the formation of disinfection by‐products other than N‐nitrosamines, which may be present at higher concentrations and thus may present higher toxicity.
Las tensas relaciones entre el Tribunal Supremo y el Tribunal Constitucional y los límites de la (legítima) discrepancia entre ellos
Authors: Matia Portilla Francisco Javier
Published: December 2016

ResumenComo es sabido, el Tribunal Supremo ha mostrado en algunas ocasiones una profunda discrepancia con resoluciones emanadas del Tribunal Constitucional. En este trabajo se defiende la crítica leal de los tribunales a la doctrina vinculante de otros que les viene impuesta por nuestro ordenamiento, siempre que se haga en el marco de su actuación jurisdiccional y se acepte su vinculación con dicha doctrina. Se critica, por el contrario, la adopción de medidas ajenas a dicha función (pedir el amparo del Rey, adoptar acuerdos plenarios de dudosa naturaleza jurídica), la negativa a asumir esa jurisprudencia y el intento de controlar la actuación jurisdiccional de los Magistrados del Tribunal Constitucional. Se concluye afirmando que dicha tensión es, en cierta medida, inevitable, y que debe apelarse a la prudencia del Tribunal Constitucional en su actuación y a la lealtad institucional de los tribunales ordinarios en su labor.AbstractAs it is known, the Supreme Court has sometimes showed up a deep disagreement with some of the constitutional precedent. In one hand, this paper defends the Judiciary trustworthy criticism with them, assuming the mandatory links that the Law establishes between rulings. On the other hand, it is not reliable other actions that have little to do with the jurisdictional function (asking for Royal assessment, ruling some uncertain regulations), also meaning refusing to accept that legal body, or/and trying to control the jurisdictional activity of the Constitutional Judges. The conclusion is that some sort of strain is unavoidable, calling to the care and prudence of the Constitutional Court rulings, also to the institutional loyalty of the Judiciary.
Relaciones entre el Tribunal Supremo y el Tribunal Constitucional en España
Authors: Tenorio Sánchez Pedro J.
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn Spain, Title VI of the Constitution considers the Supreme Court the highest judicial body in all orders, except for the provisions concerning constitutional guarantees, while art. 1 of the Organic Law of the Constitutional Court considers the Constitutional Court as the supreme interpreter of the Constitution. ach court should act as “supreme court” in its respective field, the Constitutional Court in the field of interpretation of the Constitution and the Supreme Court as far as the interpretation of ordinary legality is concerned. This is a widely accepted approach, both by the doctrine and even by the Constitutional Court. But as it is well known, sometimes the boundaries between the Constitution and ordinary law are not easy to establish, and, in those cases, self-restraint by the supreme interpreter of the Constitution is in order. In fact, that our Constitutional Court does not annul many Supreme Court decisions may be true to say. Analyzing the number of resolutions of the Supreme Court, reviewed by the Constitutional Court between 2001 and 2011, in relation to the number of Supreme Court decisions that were overturned, we found a range between 0,31% and 1% -just one year- with an average of less than 0,5%. The year when most resolutions were canceled, 2001, 1710 resolutions were reviewed and 19 judgments were overturned.
Desafíos de la interamericanización del Derecho: la contribución del Ius Constitutionale Commune
Authors: García Jaramillo Leonardo
Published: December 2016

ResumenEste trabajo analiza algunas particularidades del proceso de globalización del derecho en el contexto latinoamericano, por cuyas especificidades resulta útil el concepto «interamericanización». Si bien los países de la región han tenido históricamente, al crear e interpretar derecho, fronteras fracturadas y relativas, desde hace algunas décadas se ha venido modificando el diálogo entre países, fundamentalmente, exportadores de reglas, principios y ciencia jurídica (el llamado norte global) y países receptores (el llamado sur global). En la actualidad la interacción se ha vuelto también horizontal entre los países del sur global que, a partir de elementos teóricos y judiciales de los cánones creados en el norte global, han construido un diálogo propio. El Ius Constitutionale Commune es la concepción jurídica que mayor potencial tiene en la región actualmente para comprender la interamericanización del derecho y analizar una de sus características más desafiantes, como es la posibilidad de transformación social desde el constitucionalismo.AbstractThis article analyzes some key particularities of the process of the globalization of law in Latin America and we will be referring to the concept of «inter-americanization» in order to understand these particularities. Within the construction and development of law, the countries of this region have historically had fractured and relative frontiers. However, for some decades the institutional dialogue among exporter countries (the so-called global north) and recipient countries (the so-called global south) of rules, along with certain principles and juridical science have been dramatically changing. Currently, interactions have also become horizontal among global south countries that have built their own dialogue from theoretical, judicial and doctrinary elements from the global north canon. Ius Constitutionale Commune is the legal conception with the greatest ability to understand the interamericanization of law in the region and analyze one of its most challenging characteristics, among them the possibility of social transformation from constitutionalism.
L’encyclopédie sauvage de Frédéric Bruly Bouabré – ou comment franchir la ligne rouge
Authors: Chavoz Ninon
Published: December 2016

L’Ivoirien Frédéric Bruly Bouabré compte parmi les artistes les mieux intégrés à la sphère de l’art africain contemporain. Son oeuvre plastique est fondée sur la production de « cartes » de petit format, caractérisées par un double usage du texte et du dessin. La vocation encyclopédique conférée à cette oeuvre, rétrospectivement placée sous le signe de la « connaissance du monde », se voit cependant contredite par sa dispersion et l’hostilité de son support à toute forme de mise en volume. Nous proposons à ce titre de lire l’encyclopédie « sauvage » brulyenne non comme un assemblage naïf, rattachable au primitivisme, mais comme le foyer d’une encyclopédie mondialisée, manuelle et postmoderne, fondée sur la simultanéité et la circulation.
« L’enchantement de la violence »
Authors: Cliche Anne Élaine
Published: December 2016

Le roman d’Anne Hébert publié en 1975, rythmé par les antiennes et prières de la
messe latine, nous donne à entendre de longs passages du rituel d’exorcisme pratiqué dans le
diocèse de Québec dès 1703, et s’achève sur la litanie de la Vierge. Tout ce fonds
catholique qui refait surface et fragmente la prose narrative découpée en cinquante-quatre
petits chapitres s’impose à l’oreille du lecteur, remontant d’un passé encore récent et
pourtant désormais étranger. Le roman se construit dans l’alternance de deux foyers
temporels enchâssés l’un dans l’autre, pratiquant la navette entre les années quarante de
l’enfermement de soeur Julie au couvent, et les années trente de l’enfermement familial de
son enfance à la cabane où se déroulent les sabbats dominés par l’inceste. Il s’agit
d’analyser la complicité entre l’Église et la sorcellerie que le roman d’Hébert révèle.
Les enfants du sabbat met en fiction un versant de l’histoire catholique dans ce
qu’il engendre de corps pulsionnel, à l’envers — autant dire indissociable — du corps
christique de l’eucharistie.
L’énigme des pères
Authors: Selao Ching
Published: December 2016

En 2009, juste un an après la mort d’Aimé Césaire, Dany Laferrière publie L’énigme du retour, qui annonce dès l’exergue l’importance du poète martiniquais dans le roman. Avec ce livre, l’écrivain effectue une sorte de « retour aux pères », à la fois au père biologique absent de son oeuvre et au père de la littérature antillaise remis en question, voire ridiculisé ailleurs. En retraçant la relation à ces deux figures paternelles dans L’énigme et dans d’autres écrits de Laferrière, l’article propose d’examiner le rapport ambivalent du narrateur, qui se place sous le double signe de la quête du père et de la résistance face à la transmission. De fait, ce qui se présente d’abord comme un « retour aux pères » à travers le voyage au pays natal s’avère finalement être un détour par lequel le narrateur exprime son refus de l’héritage paternel, que ce soit celui du destin symbolisé par la valise du père ou le legs littéraire de l’auteur du célèbre Cahier d’un retour au pays natal.
Ressenya a Lluís Gimeno Betí El Catecisme de mossèn Francesc Selma (1712). Edició i estudi lingüístic. Castelló - Barcelona, 2015
Authors: Fuertes Zapata Joan Vicent
Published: December 2016

Ressenya a Lluís Gimeno Betí El Catecisme de mossèn Francesc Selma (1712). Edició i estudi lingüístic. Castelló - Barcelona, Fundació Germà Colón Domènech / Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat , 2015, 144 pp. ISBN:  978-84-9883-764-3 Review to Lluís Gimeno Betí El Catecisme de mossèn Francesc Selma (1712). Edició i estudi lingüístic. Castelló - Barcelona, Fundació Germà Colón Domènech / Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat , 2015, 144 pp. ISBN:  978-84-9883-764-3
L'Espill de Jaume Roig: una lectura mèdica
Authors: Pons Roca Jaume
Published: December 2016

Resum: en moltes ocasions els estudis de l'Espill de Jaume Roig s'han centrat exclusivament en els aspectes misògins de l'obra, la qual cosa ha impedit aprofundir en altres aspectes que, en certa mesura, poden fins i tot alleugerir aquesta càrrega. És per això que ens proposem, en primer lloc, situar l'autor valencià en el nou paradigma teòric de la formació escolàstica, i, en segon lloc, comprovar en quin grau els coneixement teòrics d'aquesta formació, molt presents en l'Espill, contribueixen o no a una relectura menys connotada de l'obra. Paraules clau: medicina medieval, literatura medieval, escolàstica, misogínia.
«Fue levado mi entendimiento»: Teresa de Cartagena y la escritura mística en femenino
Authors: Cortés Timoner Maria del Mar
Published: December 2016

Resumen: En torno a los años 1470-1475, la religiosa Teresa de Cartagena (sobrina del prestigioso humanista Alonso de Cartagena) deseó y necesitó escribir sobre su personal experiencia en femenino del amor divino, y nos legó dos valiosos tratados que abren la senda de los diversos textos compuestos por religiosas castellanas del siglo XVI. La escritora burgalesa destaca meritoriamente en la historia de la literatura bajomedieval y puede considerarse una digna precedente de la gran escritora Teresa de Jesús. Ambas comparten ciertas similitudes biográficas y espirituales que merecen tenerse en cuenta a la hora de diseñar una genealogía de autoras de literatura espiritual en lengua castellana.   Palabras clave: Literatura espiritual, primeras escritoras, mística española, Teresa de Cartagena Abstract: Around the years 1470-1475, the nun Teresa de Cartagena (niece of the renowned humanist Alfonso de Cartagena) wanted and needed to write about her personal female experience of God’s love, and left us two valuable treatises that open the path to the writings composed by 16th-century Castilian nuns. Teresa stands out meritoriously in the history of late medieval literature and she can be considered a worthy precursor of the great Teresa de Jesús. Both women writers share certain biographical and spiritual similarities that deserve to be taken into account when designing a genealogy of female authors of spiritual literature in Spanish.   Keywords: Spiritual literature, early women writers, Spanish mysticism, Teresa de Cartagena
Ressenya a Josep Ribera Ribera, El Diccionari inèdit de C. M. G.: Una aproximació al valencià del segle XIX. València / Barcelona: IIFV / PAM, 2016
Authors: Martín Muñana Pau
Published: December 2016

Ressenya a Josep Ribera Ribera, El Diccionari inèdit de C. M. G.: Una aproximació al valencià del segle XIX. València - Barcelona, Institut Interuniversitari de Filologia Valenciana / Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat , 2016, 520 pp. ISBN:  978-84-9883-845-9 Review to osep Ribera Ribera, El Diccionari inèdit de C. M. G.: Una aproximació al valencià del segle XIX. València - Barcelona, Institut Interuniversitari de Filologia Valenciana / Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat , 2016, 520 pp. ISBN:  978-84-9883-845-9
Ressenya a I. Grifoll, J. Acebrón & F. Sabaté (eds.), Cartografies de l’ànima, Lleida, 2014; i J. Acebrón, I. Grifoll & F. Sabaté (eds.), La Construcció d’identitats imaginades, Lleida, 2015.
Authors: Martines Peres Vicent
Published: December 2016

Ressenya a Grifoll, Isabel, Julián Acebrón, Flocel Sabaté (eds.) (2014): Cartografies de l’ànima. Identitat, memòria i escriptura, Lleida, Pagès Editors, 2014, 248 pàgs. ISBN:978-84-9975-517-5; i  Acebrón, Julián, Isabel Grifoll, Flocel Sabaté (eds.) (2015): La Construcció d’identitats imaginades. Literatura medieval i ideologia, Lleida, Pagès Editors, 2015, 320 pàgs. ISBN:978-84-9975-704-9 Review to Grifoll, Isabel, Julián Acebrón, Flocel Sabaté (eds.) (2014): Cartografies de l’ànima. Identitat, memòria i escriptura, Lleida, Pagès Editors, 2014, 248 pàgs. ISBN:978-84-9975-517-5; and Acebrón, Julián, Isabel Grifoll, Flocel Sabaté (eds.) (2015): La Construcció d’identitats imaginades. Literatura medieval i ideologia, Lleida, Pagès Editors, 2015, 320 pàgs. ISBN:978-84-9975-704-9
Safety Impacts of the Actuated Signal Control at Urban Intersections
Authors: Lee Sang Hyuk , Han Daeseok
Published: December 2016

To reduce travel time, the actuated signal controls have been implemented at urban intersections. However, the safety impacts of actuated signal controls thus far have rarely been examined. In this assessment of the safety impact of urban intersections with semi-actuated signal controls, the safety performance functions and EB approaches were applied. The semi-actuated signal controls have increased injuries and total crashes in all crash types by around 5.9% and 3.8%, respectively. Regarding the most common crash types, such as angle, sideswipe & rear-end, and head-on crashes, semi-actuated signal controls have been seen to decrease injuries by 7.7%. Total crashes have been reduced by over 9.2% through the use of semi-actuated signal controls. This may be result of optimal signal timings considering traffic conditions during peak time periods. In conclusion, safety impact factors which have been established in this study can be used to improve safety and minimize travel times using semi-actuated signal controls.
Improving SCATS Operation during Congestion Periods Using Internal/External Traffic Metering Strategy
Authors: Afandizadeh Zargari Shahriar , Dehghani Nazli , Mirzahossein Hamid , Hamedi Masoud
Published: December 2016

Traffic metering is one of the effective strategies of preventing gridlock at urban signalized intersections during oversaturated conditions. This strategy could be implemented by adjusting signal timing schemes of the connected intersections of congested network in dynamic setting. This paper demonstrates the benefits of internal/external traffic metering strategy on a real case study in Tehran, the capital of Iran. For this purpose, the model outputs have been considered as input to set of SCATS scenarios for signal timing. In each test case the system is forced to use plans obtained from the model instead of using common built-in plans that had been used before, and the performance is measured using the VISSIM simulator to show differences. The results show significant improvement in network average travel time when using internal/external traffic metering strategy. Additionally, the average queue lengths are maintained near the optimal level since the model utilizes upstream arterial capacity.
Dynamic Forces between the Rails and the Wheels of Railway Vehicle
Authors: Peran Zdravko
Published: December 2016

The process of acquisition of the measured dynamic values of forces between the rails and the wheels on the real measurement train and the train tracks. The conversion of the measured values into the matrices and vectors enables numerous exact qualitative and quantitative studies of the dynamic phenomena behaviour. The paper shows the possibilities of using MATLAB computer tool. All the commands in the software are given and explained. Calculating of the empirical, normal and cumulative distribution on an example of the lateral force is given in detail. The new software is exactly verified mathematically and qualified for any further use. The developed software is the tool for the development of other two phases: software for the exact automatic evaluation of the maximum values of the dynamic values and software for the automatic approval of vehicles and railway due to the driving safety, loading tracks and driving comfort compared to the limited values regarding UI C CODE 518.
New footprints from Laetoli (Tanzania) provide evidence for marked body size variation in early hominins
Authors: Masao Fidelis T , Ichumbaki Elgidius B , Cherin Marco , Barili Angelo , Boschian Giovanni , Iurino Dawid A , Menconero Sofia , Moggi-Cecchi Jacopo , Manzi Giorgio
Published: December 2016

Laetoli is a well-known palaeontological locality in northern Tanzania whose outstanding record includes the earliest hominin footprints in the world (3.66 million years old), discovered in 1978 at Site G and attributed to Australopithecus afarensis. Here, we report hominin tracks unearthed in the new Site S at Laetoli and referred to two bipedal individuals (S1 and S2) moving on the same palaeosurface and in the same direction as the three hominins documented at Site G. The stature estimates for S1 greatly exceed those previously reconstructed for Au. afarensis from both skeletal material and footprint data. In combination with a comparative reappraisal of the Site G footprints, the evidence collected here embodies very important additions to the Pliocene record of hominin behaviour and morphology. Our results are consistent with considerable body size variation and, probably, degree of sexual dimorphism within a single species of bipedal hominins as early as 3.66 million years ago.
Multiple alleles at a single locus control seed dormancy in Swedish Arabidopsis
Authors: Kerdaffrec Envel , Filiault Danièle L , Korte Arthur , Sasaki Eriko , Nizhynska Viktoria , Seren Ümit , Nordborg Magnus
Published: December 2016

Seed dormancy is a complex life history trait that determines the timing of germination and is crucial for local adaptation. Genetic studies of dormancy are challenging, because the trait is highly plastic and strongly influenced by the maternal environment. Using a combination of statistical and experimental approaches, we show that multiple alleles at the previously identified dormancy locus DELAY OF GERMINATION1 jointly explain as much as 57% of the variation observed in Swedish Arabidopsis thaliana, but give rise to spurious associations that seriously mislead genome-wide association studies unless modeled correctly. Field experiments confirm that the major alleles affect germination as well as survival under natural conditions, and demonstrate that locally adaptive traits can sometimes be dissected genetically.
Highly resistive C-doped hydride vapor phase epitaxy-GaN grown on ammonothermally crystallized GaN seeds
Authors: Iwinska Malgorzata , Piotrzkowski Ryszard , Litwin-Staszewska Elzbieta , Sochacki Tomasz , Amilusik Mikolaj , Fijalkowski Michal , Lucznik Boleslaw , Bockowski Michal
Published: December 2016

GaN crystals were grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) and doped with C. The seeds were high-structural-quality ammonothermally crystallized GaN. The grown crystals were highly resistive at 296 K and of high structural quality. High-temperature Hall effect measurements revealed p-type conductivity and a deep acceptor level in the material with an activation energy of 1 eV. This is in good agreement with density functional theory calculations based on hybrid functionals as presented by the Van de Walle group. They obtained an ionization energy of 0.9 eV when C was substituted for N in GaN and acted as a deep acceptor.
Three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation of nanorod self-organization in REBa2Cu3Oy thin films grown by vapor phase epitaxy
Authors: Ichino Yusuke , Yoshida Yutaka , Miura Shun
Published: December 2016

Some metal-complex oxides (MCOs) self-organize within REBa2Cu3O
y
(REBCO: RE = rare earth) superconducting thin films grown by vapor phase epitaxy. To clarify the self-organization mechanism, we developed a three-dimensional Monte Carlo (3D-MC) simulation code using a simple model and simulated nanorod growth under various growth conditions. As a result, the self-organization of nanorods was reproduced by 3D-MC simulations and we clarified the nanorod growth mechanism as follows. The growth mode of MCO particles was 3D island growth due to the instability of the interface of the MCO and the substrate. On the other hand, that of REBCO particles was 2D island growth. There were diverse nanostructures, which were strongly affected by substrate temperature (T
s) and deposition rate (v
dep). We constructed a contour plot of the nanorod number density and a phase diagram of the nanostructures depending on T
s and v
dep.
A prospective survey of chiropractic student experiences with pediatric care and variability of case mix while on clinical placement in Rarotonga
Authors: Todd Angela J. , Carroll Matthew T. , Russell David G. , Mitchell Eleanor K.L
Published: December 2016

Objective

To compare chiropractic students' perceptions of preparedness for practice before and after a clinical placement in Rarotonga and to report demographics from these experiences.

Methods

The students completed deidentified pre- and postplacement surveys assessing pediatric practice preparedness. Students tallied the patient numbers, age, and chiropractic techniques used per visit for each day of clinic placement. On completion of the program, participating students (27/34, or 79% of the student cohort) did a postplacement survey on their perception of practice preparedness. Data were analyzed with the Spearman rho correlation, the Mann-Whitney U test, and regression analysis.

Results

There was an increase in perceived preparedness for pediatric practice, ranging from 24.1% of the student cohort at the start of the study to 82.1% following clinical placement in Rarotonga. The change in student preparedness to practice with children was positively correlated with the total number of children managed (rs = .05, p = .01) and the number of children managed who were under 10 years of age (rs = .60, p = .001). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated a medium positive effect for postprogram preparedness (F [4, 20] = 3.567, p = .024).

Conclusion

Clinical outreach to Rarotonga provided a broad case mix of patients and a change in student perceptions of preparedness to practice with children, which was positively affected by the total number of children managed and the number of children managed who were under 10 years of age.
Trends and Disparities in Initiation of Buprenorphine in US Emergency Departments, 2013-2022
Authors: Chhabra Neeraj , Smith Dale , Dickinson Grayson , Caglianone Lily , Taylor R. Andrew , D’Onofrio Gail , Karnik Niranjan S.
Published: September 2024

This cross-sectional study assesses trends in buprenorphine initiation in US emergency departments and demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with its initiation.
Optimized Inverse Dead‐Zone Control Using Reinforcement Learning for a Class of Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Sun Wenxia , Ma Shuaihua , Li Bin , Wen Guoxing
Published: September 2024

In this article, an optimized inverse dead‐zone control using reinforcement learning (RL) is developed for a class of nonlinear dynamic systems. The dead‐zone is frequently occurred in the nonlinear control system, and it can affect the control performance and even cause the system instable. Hence, it is very requisite to consider the effect of dead‐zone in the design of control strategy. In this proposed optimized inverse dead‐zone control, the basic idea is to find the optimized control as input and the adaptive algorithm to estimate the unknown parameters for the inverse dead‐zone function, so that the available dead‐zone input for system control can be derived. Comparing with traditional methods, on the one hand, the proposed dead zone inverse method is with fewer adaptive parameters, on the other hand, the RL under identifier‐critic‐actor architecture is with the simplified algorithm. Finally, theoretical and simulation results manifest the feasibility of the proposed method.
Ligand Substituent Effects on the Electronic Properties of Lindqvist‐Type Polyoxometalate Multi‐Level‐Switches in the Gas Phase, Solution and on Surfaces
Authors: Yang Fangshun , Kalandia Givi , Moors Marco , Lorenz Jonas , Rohdenburg Markus , Wang Xue‐Bin , Cao Wenjin , Moussawi Mhamad Aly , Volke Daniela , Hoffmann Ralf , Warneke Jonas , Parac‐Vogt Tatjana N. , Monakhov Kirill Yu.
Published: September 2024

Although the intrinsic electronic properties of polyoxometalates (POMs) can be greatly influenced by modifying them with organic substituents, their resistive switching behavior on surfaces dependent on the organic substituents remains largely unexplored. In this work, we assessed the importance of electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating ligand substituents on the material properties of a series of hybrid Lindqvist‐type hexavanadates TBA2[V6O13((OCH2)3CCH2OH)2] (TBA2V6‐OH), TBA2[V6O13((OCH2)3CMe)2] (TBA2V6‐Me), TBA2[V6O13((OCH2)3CNHCOCH2Cl)2] (TBA2V6‐Cl), and TBA2[V6O13((OCH2)3CNHCOCH2‐OOCC10H15)2] (TBA2V6‐Ad) as potential resistive random‐access memory (ReRAM) components. Compared to their redox behavior in solution, changing the ligand substituents on surfaces results in no significant effect on the potential and, thus, no effect on the resistance steps in the current‐voltage profiles. However, while the current‐voltage characteristics do not change, the peripheral metal‐free substituents in the trisalkoxide framework of Lindqvist‐type hexavanadate molecules influence the adsorption and switching stability of these POMs on gold. This work highlights the noticeable differences between hexavanadate's redox properties in solution (which follow the trend observed in the gas phase) and hexavanadate's resistive switching properties on conducting surfaces. Importantly, their multi‐state switching behavior is not significantly altered by the different type of substituent at the periphery of the trisalkoxo ligands.
ReBiA—Robotic Enabled Biological Automation: 3D Epithelial Tissue Production
Authors: Königer Lukas , Malkmus Christoph , Mahdy Dalia , Däullary Thomas , Götz Susanna , Schwarz Thomas , Gensler Marius , Pallmann Niklas , Cheufou Danjouma , Rosenwald Andreas , Möllmann Marc , Groneberg Dieter , Popp Christina , Groeber‐Becker Florian , Steinke Maria , Hansmann Jan
Published: September 2024

The Food and Drug Administration's recent decision to eliminate mandatory animal testing for drug approval marks a significant shift to alternative methods. Similarly, the European Parliament is advocating for a faster transition, reflecting public preference for animal‐free research practices. In vitro tissue models are increasingly recognized as valuable tools for regulatory assessments before clinical trials, in line with the 3R principles (Replace, Reduce, Refine). Despite their potential, barriers such as the need for standardization, availability, and cost hinder their widespread adoption. To address these challenges, the Robotic Enabled Biological Automation (ReBiA) system is developed. This system uses a dual‐arm robot capable of standardizing laboratory processes within a closed automated environment, translating manual processes into automated ones. This reduces the need for process‐specific developments, making in vitro tissue models more consistent and cost‐effective. ReBiA's performance is demonstrated through producing human reconstructed epidermis, human airway epithelial models, and human intestinal organoids. Analyses confirm that these models match the morphology and protein expression of manually prepared and native tissues, with similar cell viability. These successes highlight ReBiA's potential to lower barriers to broader adoption of in vitro tissue models, supporting a shift toward more ethical and advanced research methods.
TfOH‐Catalyzed self‐Condensation of β‐Aminoketones for the Synthesis of Tetrahydropyridines
Authors: Wu Lijuan , Chen Jiaming , Jiang Gaobo , Zhou Min , Cai Jiaming , Zhang Weiqi , Yin Yan
Published: September 2024

A novel self‐condensation of β‐aminoketones was described. Various multisubstituted 1, 2, 3, 6‐tetrahydropyridine derivatives were synthesized in medium to good yields in the presence of 20 mmol % of TfOH. This transformation probably processed a decomposition of β‐aminoketones (also named retro‐Michael addition), followed by intermolecular Michael addition and intramolecular ring closure. Furthermore, 1, 2, 5, 6‐tetrahydropyridines were obtained in a one‐pot manner through DBU‐promoted isomerization of the in‐situ generated 1, 2, 3, 6‐tetrahydropyridines. The present method exhibited good functional group tolerance, and convenient operation, making it a practical alternative for the construction of multisubstituted tetrahydropyridines.
Electromagnetically Induced Transparency‐Like on All‐Dielectric Metamaterials
Authors: Ning Renxia , Li Deqi , Zhao Ziyang , Zhang Yanfei , Liu Shaobin
Published: September 2024

In this paper, an all‐dielectric metamaterial structure based on 3D printed is studied. The structure is composed of a 2 × 2 array of hollow cylinders. The electromagnetically induced transparency‐like (EIT‐like) effect is obtained by analyzing its transmission, and the mechanism of EIT‐like is analyzed by electromagnetic field distribution. The mechanism of EIT‐like is Mie resonance in the structure. The results demonstrate that the all‐dielectric metamaterial structure can obtain slow light effect, and the group index is >800. The research results have potential applications in slow light devices, sensing, and detection on microwave communication systems.
Skeletal labyrinth morphology of four species of living elasmobranchs
Authors: Neal Jordyn , Rodrigues Samantha , Denton John S. S. , Bronson Allison
Published: September 2024

Despite detailed descriptions of cranial anatomy in representatives of most major chondrichthyan groups, the inner ear has been described infrequently and most often from the soft tissue of the membranous labyrinth. However, skeletal labyrinth morphology has been linked with ecology in several groups of vertebrates, and shark skeletal labyrinths bear several specializations for detecting low frequency sounds. Without description of these structures across a broad sample of taxa, future exploration of the ecomorphology of ear shape is not possible. We used high‐resolution CT scanning to generate three‐dimensional models of the endocranial anatomy in four elasmobranchs: the Nurse Shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum), the Japanese Tope Shark (Hemitriakis japanica), the Horn Shark (Heterodontus francisci), and the Zebra Shark (Stegostoma tigrinum). Major differences are apparent between the skeletal labyrinths of these taxa, which might be ascribed to either phylogenetic history or lifestyle. In particular, the size of the skeletal labyrinth relative to the cranium dramatically differs among these chondrichthyans, as does the diameter and angle of the semicircular canals and the size of the canals relative to the vestibule. Based on the separation of the anterior and posterior semicircular canals, and the lack thereof in S. tigrinum, the degree of specialization for low frequency sound detection may also vary.
Soluble Guanylate Cyclase α1 Gene Influences Egg‐Laying Amount and Hatching Rate in Bombyx mori
Authors: Chu Jianghong , Zhao Mengting , Hu Xiaoxuan , Wang Qing , Li Xudong , Cui Ruirui , Wang Lei
Published: September 2024

Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) serves as a receptor of nitric oxide (NO) and is the core metalloenzyme in the NO signal transduction pathway. sGC plays a key role in the NO‐cGMP signal transduction pathway and participates in various physiological processes, including cell differentiation, neuron transmission, and internal environment homeostasis. sGC consists of two subunits, α and β, each subunit containing multiple isoforms. In this study, we cloned and analyzed the sGC‐α1 gene in the silkworm Bombyx mori (BmsGC‐α1). The BmsGC‐α1 gene was expressed highest at the pupal stages. The highest BmsGC‐α1 mRNA expression was observed in the head of fifth instar larvae and in fat body during the wandering stage of B. mori. Furthermore, we observed that feeding fifth instar larvae with thyroid hormone and nitroglycerin induced the expression of the BmsGC‐α1 gene. Injection of BmsGC‐α1 siRNA into silkworms at the prepupal stage resulted in a significant decrease in BmsGC‐α1 expression levels at 48 and 72 h postinjection. After silencing BmsGC‐α1, both the egg‐laying amount and hatching rate of silkworm eggs were significantly reduced compared to the control group. These results suggest that BmsGC‐α1 plays an important role in regulating the reproductive system of silkworms. This finding enhances our understanding of the functional diversity of sGC in insects.
Camrelizumab in combination with doxorubicin, cisplatin, ifosfamide, and methotrexate in neoadjuvant treatment of resectable osteosarcoma: A prospective, single‐arm, exploratory phase II trial
Authors: Tang Qinglian , Zhang Xinke , Zhu Xiaojun , Xu Huaiyuan , Song Guohui , Lu Jinchang , Wu Hao , Deng Chuangzhong , Ai Fei , Zhang Yingchun , Wang Jin
Published: September 2024

Background

The poor overall survival of osteosarcoma (OS) underscores the need to explore new therapeutic avenues. Tumor necrosis rate (TNR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy predicts prognosis.

Aims

The study was to investigate safety and activity of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with camrelizumab (a humanized antibody against PD‐1) in patients with resectable OS.

Materials & Methods

We conducted a prospective, single‐arm, exploratory phase II trial in OS patients. Eligible patients received camrelizumab combined with doxorubicin or liposomal doxorubicin, cisplatin, methotrexate, ifosfamide with mesna. Surgery was performed 12–14 days after neoadjuvant therapy and adjuvant therapy starting 2–3 weeks postoperatively. The primary endpoint was the rate of good tumor necrosis (TNR ≥90%) after neoadjuvant therapy, and the secondary outcomes were safety, 2‐year progression free survival and 2‐year overall survival.

Results

Seventy‐five patients were recruited to the study. Subsequently, 64 patients completed neoadjuvant therapy and underwent surgery. Thirty‐one patients (48.4%) have a good TNR to neoadjuvant therapy. With a median follow‐up of 22.4 months (range 2.2–44.9 months), the estimated 2‐year PFS was 69.6% and the estimated 2‐year overall survival was 89.4%. Grade 3 or 4 treatment‐related adverse events were noticed in 62.7% of the patients. Frequent grade 3 or 4 adverse events were decreased platelet count (45.3%), decreased white blood cell count (36%). No immune‐related serious adverse events were observed.

Discussion

Our study had limitations. First, it was limited by its non‐randomized design. Besides, stromal tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes was comprehensively analyzed in this study.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that amrelizumab combined with adriamycin, cisplatin, methotrexate, and ifosfamide in the neoadjuvant treatment of resectable OS was safe and tolerable. This combined therapeutic strategy may not increase TNR, but the long‐term survival benefit remains to be followed up.
Matrix Viscoelasticity Tunes the Mechanobiological Behavior of Chondrocytes
Authors: Lan Minhua , Liu Yanli , Liu Junjiang , Zhang Jing , Haider Muhammad Adnan , Zhang Yanjun , Zhang Quanyou
Published: September 2024

In articular cartilage, the pericellular matrix acting as a specialized mechanical microenvironment modulates environmental signals to chondrocytes through mechanotransduction. Matrix viscoelastic alterations during cartilage development and osteoarthritis (OA) degeneration play an important role in regulating chondrocyte fate and cartilage matrix homeostasis. In recent years, scientists are gradually realizing the importance of matrix viscoelasticity in regulating chondrocyte function and phenotype. Notably, this is an emerging field, and this review summarizes the existing literatures to the best of our knowledge. This review provides an overview of the viscoelastic properties of hydrogels and the role of matrix viscoelasticity in directing chondrocyte behavior. In this review, we elaborated the mechanotransuction mechanisms by which cells sense and respond to the viscoelastic environment and also discussed the underlying signaling pathways. Moreover, emerging insights into the role of matrix viscoelasticity in regulating chondrocyte function and cartilage formation shed light into designing cell‐instructive biomaterial. We also describe the potential use of viscoelastic biomaterials in cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Future perspectives on mechanobiological comprehension of the viscoelastic behaviors involved in tissue homeostasis, cellular responses, and biomaterial design are highlighted. Finally, this review also highlights recent strategies utilizing viscoelastic hydrogels for designing cartilage‐on‐a‐chip.