bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CHOICE OF THE RATIONAL SCHEME OF GAS FLOW IN RESIDENTIAL FURNACE
Authors: Shevyakov Vladimir V.
Published: February 2019

Introduction. The study presents an approach to the correct selection of the gas flow system in the furnace, the dosed air supply to the furnace, the choice of the sizes of the furnace flues, the length of their channels and their number. Coordination of the furnace with the chimney provides the most efficient design of the furnace.
The phenomenon that occurs in any heated vertical channel with respect to the ambient air temperature is called “draft” for the chimney and “flue effect” for the sections of the furnace. The draft or flue effect (vacuum or pressure) is expressed in units of pressure (Pa). This channel can create either a vacuum or a head depending on which end of the channel is connected to the atmosphere.
Summarizing the values of flue effect on all areas of the furnace, the total value of flue effect for the entire furnace can be obtained. All channel furnaces according to the hot gas flow scheme are divided into two characteristic groups: direct flows and counter flows. Such a difference in the flow of hot gases has a great influence on the total value of the flue effect of the furnace.
Since the total draft of the furnace system affects the process of wood combustion, i.e. the chimney draft and the flue effect of the furnace itself, the study of various schemes of the flow of gases in the furnace, has provided the most rational scheme of the flow of gases in the furnace, which got a patent on a utility model, which provides a more uniform process of wood combustion in the residential furnace and thus increases furnace efficiency. The study is aimed to analyze the various schemes of the flow of hot gases in the furnace and the choice of the most rational scheme.
Materials and methods. A detailed examination and study of the effect of various gas flow schemes in a residential furnace on the characteristics of the furnace has been carried out.
Results. The results of the study and examination have been used to develop recommendations on the choice of the most rational scheme of gas flow in the furnace and the choice of its design values.
Conclusions. The results of the work can be recommended in the development of residential furnaces.
Lacking status hinders prosocial behavior among the powerful
Authors: Cho Yeri , Fast Nathanael J.
Published: February 2019

We conducted 2 studies to examine if status has varying effects on prosocial behavior for those at different levels of the power hierarchy. In Study 1 (N = 78), adults employed full-time in the USA responded to an online survey and the results showed that self-perceived power
and status interacted to predict prosocial behavior. That is, lacking status led high-power, but not low-power, individuals to engage less in prosocial behavior. In Study 2 (N = 142), we orthogonally manipulated status and power and measured prosocial behavior. Once again, lacking status
led to less helping behavior among high-power, but not low-power, participants. These findings show how power and status interact to influence interpersonal helping behavior. Implications for future research on social hierarchy and prosocial behavior are discussed.
Selected Abstracts From the Proceedings of the 2017 Society of Teachers of Family Medicine Conference on Medical Student Education
Authors: Liu Luyang , Margo Katherine
Published: February 2019

The Society of Teachers of Family Medicine (STFM) is an organization made up of educators devoted to teaching family medicine to learners of all levels. This multidisciplinary group of physicians, behavioral scientists, researchers, and educators from other health professions works to further STFM’s mission of improving the health of all people through education, research, patient care, and advocacy. STFM held its 43rd Conference on Medical Student Education in Anaheim, California from February 9 to 12, 2017. Abstracts for conference sessions can be viewed online.1 The conference was held concurrently with the 2017 Society of Student-Run Free Clinics Annual Conference. This partnership empowered many passionate medical students to participate in STFM sessions and present their posters. A wide variety of topics were explored by STFM conference presenters and attendees. The plenary speakers addressed physician wellness (Dike Drummond, MD), family medicine as a career (Wanda Filer, MD), and the future of family medicine (Aaron Michelfelder, MD, and Michelle Byrne, MD). The STFM Education Committee reviewed and selected eight exemplary abstracts from 22 presented educational research papers. Criteria for selection included strength of contribution to medical student education, topic of interest within and beyond family medicine, and quality of study, including well-described rationale, appropriate methods, clear results, and thoughtful conclusions. The areas covered are related to new educational methods and tools, faculty development, and interprofessional learning and assessment. 
Editor’s Note: Six of the eight selected presentation abstracts appear in this collection. Two2,3 of the eight selected abstracts have been published in the intervening time, and are not included below.

Society of Teachers of Family Medicine. 2017 Conference on Medical Student Education Conference Sessions. https://www.stfm.org/conferences/generalinformation/msearchives/. Accessed December 23, 2018.
Nguyen D, Servey JT, Scott LS. fmCASES national examination as a pretest in a family medicine clerkship. Fam Med. 2018;50(2):142-145. https://doi.org/10.22454/FamMed.2018.853841  
Hoffman M, Cohen-Osher M. The one minute learner: evaluation of a new tool to promote discussion of medical student goals and expectations in clinical learning environments. Fam Med. 2016;48(3):222-225.
Selected Abstracts From the Proceedings of the 2015 Society of Teachers of Family Medicine (STFM) Conference on Medical Student Education
Authors: Alavi Mustafa , Margo Katherine
Published: February 2019

The Society of Teachers of Family Medicine (STFM; http://www.stfm.org) is a community of professionals devoted to teaching family medicine through undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education. This multidisciplinary group of physicians, educators, behavioral scientists, and researchers works to further STFM’s mission of improving the health of all people through education, research, patient care, and advocacy. The STFM held its 41st Conference on Medical Student Education in Atlanta, Georgia from February 5-8, 2015. The conference this year was met with record attendance and student scholarship winners. The STFM Education Committee selected 10 abstracts, of which five are presented below. 
Editor’s Note: The following five of the 10 selected abstracts have been published in the intervening time, and are not included in this publication: 

Biagioli FE, Elliot DL, Palmer RT, et al. The electronic health record objective structured clinical examination: assessing student competency in patient interactions while using the electronic health record. Acad Med. 2017;92(1):87-91. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000001276
Mader EM, Rodríguez JE, Campbell KM, et al. Status of underrepresented minority and female faculty at medical schools located within historically black colleges and in Puerto Rico. Med Educ Online. 2016;21(1):29535. https://doi.org/10.3402/meo.v21.29535
Phillips JP, Wendling AL, Fahey CA, Mavis BE. The effect of a community-based medical school on the state and local physician workforce. Acad Med. 2017.
White J, Anthony D, WinklerPrins V, Roskos S. WinklerPrins V, Roskos S. Electronic medical records, medical students, and ambulatory family physicians: a multi-institution study. Acad Med. 2017;92(10):1485-1490. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000001673
Morley CP, Rosas SR, Mishori R, et al. Essential public health competencies for medical students: establishing a consensus in family medicine. Teach Learn Med. 2017;29(3):255-267. https://doi.org/10.1080/10401334.2016.1268964
The application of modern molecular techniques in animal selection
Authors: Petrovic Milan , Selionova Marina , Caro-Petrovic Violeta , Ruzic-Muslic Dragana , Maksimovic Nevena , Ilic Zoran , Pavlovic Ivan
Published: February 2019

Some problems of modern analysis of the genome of domestic animals and the
possibility of applying the results of the research in the selection have
considered. Molecular genome analysis has progressed rapidly. Today, using
modern DNA analysis, the domestic animals breeding value can be safely
foreseen. Based on the scientist?s intuition of early-20th century, after
half a century, genetic markers had discovered. Thus, the traditional
selection method has integrated with molecular techniques of selection by
applying marker-assisted selection (MAS). Microsatellites have attracted
great attention from scientists because they are widespread in the genome
and have a high level of polymorphism. Thousands of SNPs have discovered
with their exact position in the genome. This very reliable method occurred
for analyzing the genome which shows the change of only one nucleotide base
into the DNA molecule. All modern achievements of molecular genetics have
opened the way for practical application in the selection of all kinds of
domestic animals. Today, a combination of molecular or genomic selection
combined with a traditional is very reliable method for a faster, more
accurate assessment of the breeding value of animals.
Effect of genotype and sex on carcass characteristics of chickens raised in extensive system
Authors: Peric Lidija , Strugar Vladimir , Bogosavljevic-Boskovic Snezana , Djukic-Stojcic Mirjana
Published: February 2019

The aim of this work was to examine the possibility of using different
poultry breeds for meat production in extensive systems, concerning their
slaughter traits. Total of 200 birds of two genotypes were used in this
trial: fast-growing hybrid Ross 308 and pure breed White Rock. Chicks were
raised indoors until the age of 4 weeks and subsequently they were enabled
to access the range. The trial lasted for 13 weeks. At the end of the trial,
10 male and 10 female chicks per breed were sacrificed for the evaluation of
slaughter traits - dressing percentage, yield and share of carcass parts. It
was established that both genotype and sex significantly affected carcass
traits while genotype affected production traits. Chickens of the Ross 308
hybrid had higher body weights, better feed conversion ratio and higher
mortality rate. Chickens of the Ross 308 hybrid had dressing percentage
compared to the White Rock breed, while the male chickens had higher
dressing percentage compared to the female ones. Chickens of the Ross 308
hybrid had a significantly larger weight and share of breast meat, whereas
those of the White Rock breed had a larger share of drumsticks and thighs. A
significant influence of the genotype was determined on the amount of
abdominal fat in the carcass. Chickens of the White Rock breed had a
significantly lower fat content compared to the Ross 308 hybrid, which
essentially makes them the genotype which is more suitable for the extensive
fattening longer than 10 weeks.
Estimates of genetic parameters for growth traits of local Hamra breed threatened with extinction in southwestern arid rangeland of Algeria
Authors: Yerou Houari , Ouldouelhadj Hakim , Berber Abdelrahmane , Mokadem Amine , Koudad Bachir
Published: February 2019

The data base for body weights and growths of 411 Hamra lambs were used to
estimate genetic parameters. These lambs were obtained from 31 rams and 493
ewes between 2012 and 2017. Traits analysed were weights at birth (BW), 30
days (W30), 90 days (W90) of age, and average daily gains from 10 to 30
(ADG10-30) and30-90 (ADG30-90) days. REML estimates of variance and
covariance components were obtained assuming animal models that included the
fixed effects for year-type of birth (2012 single, 2012 twin, . ., 2017
single, 2017 twin), sex (male, female), and ewes age at lambing (< 18,
18-30, 30-42, 42-54, >54 months). Heritabilities were 0.12, 0.06 and 0.11
respectively for BW, W3Oand W90and the average daily gains were 0.05 and
0.17 for ADG0-30and ADG30-90. The estimates of genetic correlations showed
no genetic antagonisms among the growth traits. The genetic correlations
estimated were positive and medium to high, except those between ADG30-90
and ADG0-30 and between ADG30-90 and W30 which were slightly negative.
Phenotypic correlations were positive and ranged from 0.12 to 0.85. They
were high between adjacent weights and between ADG and their corresponding
weights.
Impacts of climatic conditions on aflatoxin B1 and fumonisins contamination of maize kernels and their co-occurrence
Authors: Obradovic Ana , Krnjaja Vesna , Nikolic Milica , Delibasic Goran , Filipovic Milomir , Stankovic Goran , Stankovic Slavica
Published: February 2019

Agroecological and climatic conditions in Serbia greatly affected the
development of toxigenic fungi and occurrence of mycotoxins in the maize.
The presence of fungal toxigenic Aspergillus and Fusarium species and levels
of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and sum of fumonisins B1, B2 and B3 (FBs) were
established in 127 maize kernel samples harvested during 2012 (37 samples)
and 2013 (90 samples). The periods of silking and grain filling of the maize
in 2012 in comparison to 2013 were characterised with extremely dry spells,
with high temperatures and low precipitation sums. The mean incidences of A.
flavus and F. verticillioides were 50.4 and 11.7% in 2012 and 18.9 and 33.4%
in 2013, respectively. According to the regulations of the World Health
Organisation, unacceptable levels of AFB1 (>20 ?g kg-1) and FBs (>2000 ?g
kg-1) were established in the 30.6 and 24.1% samples of 2012 and 16.7 and
40% maize kernel samples of 2013, respectively. It can be concluded that
high temperatures and low precipitation sums in 2012 favoured the
development of A. flavus affecting the high level of AFB1 , in comparison
with F. verticillioides and the production of FBs. There was no positive
correlation between the incidences of A. flavus and F. verticillioides,
while a statistically significant positive correlation has been found
between AFB1 and FBs levels, in both investigated years (2012-2013). This
indicates that the mycotoxin production depended more on weather conditions
than on the distribution of corresponding toxigenic fungal species.
The accuracy of ultrasonography for detection of enlarged parathyroid glands in patients with different forms of hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Stefanovic Dara , Petrovic Milan , Dugonjic Sanja
Published: February 2019

Background/Aim. Ultrasonography is a cheap, easily available and convenient method for diagnosis. The aims of this study were: to determine the utility of ultrasonography for preoperative identification and localization of enlarged parathyroid glands (PTG) in patients with different forms of hyperparathyroidism (HPT); to examine the frequency of PTG detection in patients previously non-suspected for HPT but having symptoms relevant to the disease; to determine sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of ultrasonography for identification of PTG in HPT and to compare obtained results with those obtained by scintigraphy. Methods. This investigation was designed as a retrospective?prospective study. The total number of patients undergoing ultrasonography prior to surgery was 179 and the number of those subjected to scintigraphy, mostly by the 201Tl/99mTc method, was 112. The patients (52 male, 128 female) were divided into the following four groups: group A ? patients with primary (p)HPT (n = 78); group B ? patients with secondary (s)HPT (n = 47); group C ? patients with tertiary (t)HPT (n = 13); group D ? patients with unrecognized (u)HPT, but with anamnestic data implying the disease (n = 42). High resolution ultrasonography was performed by a single experienced observer. Diagnosis of HPT was based on characteristic clinical and biochemical parameters. Final proof of HPT diagnosis was surgery followed by histopathological examination. Results. Ultrasonography detected enlarged PTG in 93.85% of total patients, whereas scintigraphy uncovered 75.89% of positive cases (p < 0.05). The total number of positive PTG detected by ultrasonography was 211 vs 225 detected by surgery (sensitivity ? 95.9%; PPV ? 99.4%). Histopathology confirmed the predominance of adenoma in the A and D groups in comparison with the B group of patients having PTG hyperplasia. The group C was characterized by the presence of adenomas in hyperplastic PTG. The mean size of PTG measured by ultrasonography was 17.59 ? 8.0 mm (n = 164) vs 18.36 ? 8.54 mm (n = 179) measured after surgery. Ultrasonography proved itself as an accurate technique in all HPT groups, regarding its high sensitivity (range 93.6?100%) and PPV (95.6?100%). In contrast, scintigraphy was shown to be less reliable, especially in the sPTH group (sensitivity: 51.7%; PPV: 78.4%). Conclusion. Ultrasonography is more sensitive and accurate method for pre-operative localization of PTG in comparison with 201Tl/99mTc scintigraphy. It can be also efficiently used for detection of PTG and diagnosis of HPT in patients previously not suspected for this disease.
InfoSec Process Action Model (IPAM): Targeting Insiders' Weak Password Behavior
Authors: Curry Michael , Marshall Byron , Correia John , Crossler Robert E.
Published: February 2019

The possibility of noncompliant behavior is a challenge for cybersecurity professionals and their auditors as they try to estimate residual control risk. Building on the recently proposed InfoSec Process Action Model (IPAM), this work explores how nontechnical assessments and interventions can indicate and reduce the likelihood of risky individual behavior. The multi-stage approach seeks to bridge the well-known gap between intent and action. In a strong password creation experiment involving 229 participants, IPAM constructs resulted in a marked increase in R2 for initiating compliance behavior with control expectations from 47 percent to 60 percent. Importantly, the model constructs offer measurable indications despite practical limitations on organizations' ability to assess problematic individual password behavior. A threefold increase in one measure of strong password behavior suggested the process positively impacted individual cybersecurity behavior. The results suggest that the process-nuanced IPAM approach is promising both for assessing and impacting security compliance behavior.
World oriented self-formation as sublimation: or why postphenomenology needs Peircean pragmatism
Authors: Aydin Ciano
Published: February 2019

A pós-fenomenologia é um enfoque na filosofia da tecnologia que investiga como as tecnologias influenciam e moldam o mundo e o ego. Embora a pós-fenomenologia tenha expressado desde o início a ambição de oferecer uma estrutura não-essencialista e não-fundacionista, o desenvolvimento estrutural desse aspecto está virtualmente ausente. O pragmatismo peirciano, como será proposto, pode fornecer essa estrutura, bem como os blocos de construção para o desenvolvimento da visão da autoformação em termos de sublimação. Essa visão tenta reconhecer que nosso ambiente, que é cada vez mais um ambiente tecnológico e sujeito à mudança radical, molda consideravelmente quem nós somos e influencia quem deveremos ser. E, ao mesmo tempo, resiste à ideia de que o ego não é mais do que um joguete de influências e forças contingentes.
PERFORMANCES IDENTITÁRIAS E PRÁTICAS TRANSLÍNGUES EM REDES SOCIAIS: IMPLICAÇÕES PARA O ENSINO DE LÍNGUAS
Authors: Oliveira do Espírito Santo Diogo , Tiba Rádis Baptista Lívia Márcia
Published: February 2019

Neste artigo, discutimos como sujeitos de linguagem performam suas identidades (MOITA LOPES, 2002, 2003, 2013a) em redes sociais, como o Facebook, através de estratégias de negociação translíngues (CANAGARAJAH, 2013a, 2013b). No intuito de compreendermos os propósitos que motivam as práticas híbridas de linguagem online e com base nos pressupostos dos estudos netnográficos (KOZINETS, 2010) e nos da comunicação mediada por computador (HERRING, 2001, 2004; RECUERO, 2014), examinamos posts de um sujeito que se move entre línguas para negociar aspectos de suas identidades. Os resultados deste estudo trazem importantes implicações para a educação linguística de professores e apontam para a necessidade de uma formação que corresponda aos desafios de se ensinar línguas e que potencialize as práticas de linguagem dos sujeitos na contemporaneidade.
Ensino-aprendizagem de Línguas em Contextos (super)diversos: possibilidades e desafios para as políticas públicas nacionais
Authors: Antunes Paula Tatiana Silva , Oliveira Grassinete C. de A. , Tanzi Neto Adolfo
Published: February 2019

As (inter)ações econômicas, sociais, políticas, tecnológicas e culturais, por terem transformado o modo como vivemos, convidam-nos a um necessário deslocamento para que compreendamos a globalização como um fenômeno complexo, o qual, das mais diferentes formas, atravessa a vida humana e nela atua. Com a acentuada ruptura das noções de espaço e tempo, novas práticas de informação e de comunicação ocasionaram novos movimentos, tornando intensos, viáveis e rápidos os fluxos globais e o contato entre as pessoas.Fato é que a mobilidade e a complexidade de tais fluxos, causaram desdobramentos e evidenciaram os desafios encontrados nas relações humanas, nelas incluídas as práticas de linguagens que ainda insistem em uma perspectiva sistêmica, estável, normativa e monolíngue de língua, diferentemente do que postula Canagarajah (2013), ao propor que devemos ter uma orientação translíngue, tendo em vista que devem ser compreendidas como formas de práticas comunicativas e não como variedades estáveis.  Para Blommaert e Rampton (2011), o pensamento translíngue desafia a visão de língua como algo autônomo, estruturado, restrito a grupos fechados de falantes, autodenominados proprietários dessa língua, pois, para que se perceba o  translinguismo,  faz-se necessário observar o caráter situado e local das práticas sociais, que são desenvolvidas por meio da negociação de sentidos, pela mobilidade, pelo conflito e pela complexidade (CANAGARAJAH, 2013), sendo estes constantemente ressignificados e revalidados no meio social.É diante desse cenário e, por considerar de suma importância que diferentes práticas discursivas sejam apresentadas em decorrência de novas práticas educativas, capazes de permitir aos sujeitos a possibilidade de adquirirem mobilidades para atuarem em contextos comunicativos diversos, convidamos você(s) para um diálogo crítico/reflexivo de como pensar questões de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas em contextos cada vez mais moventes, translíngues e (super)diversos.  Organizadores: Profa. Dra. Paula Tatiana Silva Antunes (UFAC),  Profa. Ma. Grassinete C. de Albuquerque Oliveira (UFAC),  Prof. Dr. Adolfo Tanzi-Neto (UFRJ) e Profa. Dra. Fernanda Liberali (PUC-SP).
Editorial Volume 39.2 - Dossiê Temático: Ensino-aprendizagem de Línguas em Contextos (super)diversos
Authors: Oliveira Grassinete C. de A. , Tanzi Neto Adolfo , Antunes Paula Tatiana Silva , Liberali Fernanda
Published: February 2019

Em um mundo marcado por grandes transformações, principalmente no modo como o conhecimento e a informação passaram a ser vistos por meio das tecnologias, torna-se necessário repensar o papel da escola e como as questões relacionadas ao ensino-aprendizagem precisam (re)ssignificar esses novos espaços-tempos. O ensino que ainda se faz presente, na maior parte das escolas brasileiras, é organizado de modo fragmentado, privilegiando o ensino de línguas como algo estável, memorizável e com definições padronizadas. Esse novo tempo, de contextos (super)diversos, exige novos paradigmas, novas formas de compreender e fazer educação. Indagamos, desse modo, como pensar em questões de ensino-aprendizagem que considerem contextos (super)diversos? Quais são os desafios impostos aos educadores nas salas de aula brasileiras? Coadunamos com o pensamento do filósofo Diógenes, segundo o qual devemos considerar o fato de sermos “cidadãos/criaturas do mundo”, e com Appiah (2006), quando sugere que o grande desafio é “pegar mentes e corações” e equipá-los com ideias que permitirão a esses cidadãos do mundo conviver com os outros na “tribo global” na/pela qual nos transformamos. É diante dessa  “tribo global” que (re)agimos, significamos e transformamos a realidade à nossa volta. Essa realidade solicita uma proposta de ensino pautada na reflexão, na ação, a fim de que o educando consiga atuar nos  mais diferentes contextos em que estiver inserido. Nessa perspectiva,  o ensino-aprendizagem de línguas pode propiciar ao educando o desenvolvimento de saberes múltiplos, que lhe possibilitem posicionar-se criticamente acerca das demandas que a sociedade contemporânea impõe, além de ser capaz de fazer escolhas significativas e condizentes com suas prioridades e necessidades. Assim, compreender a realidade vigente é fundamental para se pensar em questões de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas que coloquem o educando como protagonista da história, capaz de estabelecer os caminhos necessários ao exercício pleno e eficaz da cidadania, nas mais diferentes práticas discursivas que o contexto (super)diverso exige.
Uma experiência com Alunos de Letras em formação inicial: Construindo Blogs em sala de aula
Authors: Oliveira Maria Bernadete Fernandes , Souza Albanyra Santos
Published: February 2019

Relatamos a construção e aplicação da oficina "Formando Professores” desenvolvida com alunos do Curso de Letras-Inglês, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, nos períodos de 2015.1 e 2015.2, cujo propósito foi a produção do gênero digital blog. Participaram da oficina 19 alunos e foram produzidos 19 blogs diferentes, dos quais 2 foram escolhidos para análise. Como resultado, percebemos que nessa proposta de produção do gênero digital blog, a concepção de aula se ressignifica, na medida em que novas possibilidades se colocam à disposição do professor. A pesquisa-ação foi desenvolvida em sala de aula e teve sua ancoragem nos estudos do Círculo de Bakhtin sobre os gêneros discursivos e na relevância atribuída aos gêneros digitais a partir da influência das novas tecnologias.
Estoques de conhecimentos interacionais como objeto de ensino na educação médica: uma análise sociointeracional
Authors: Jácome Alexandre José Pinto Cadilhe de Assis
Published: February 2019

Neste estudo, tenho como objetivo construir uma compreensão sobre uma prática de ensino do processo de interação profissional para estudantes de graduação na área de saúde. A partir dos conceitos de Estoques de Conhecimento Interacional (PERÄKYLÄ & VEHVILÄINEN, 2003) e Tecnologização do Discurso (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001), bem como dos estudos da fala-em-interação, analiso uma atividade de ensino da comunicação médica, em perspectiva microetnográfica. Como resultados, aponto a tensão que se instaura na produção em ato da tecnologização do discurso, e como, a partir da interação entre estudantes e professora, se produz um Estoque de Conhecimento Interacional.
As Possibilidades de uma Imortalidade Psicossomática
Authors: Do Nascimento Lorivaldo
Published: February 2019

Esta pesquisa se propõe a uma análise dos conceitos escatológicos de ressurreição da carne e ressurreição do corpo, os quais são amplamente debatidos na teologia desde a segunda metade do século XIX. O modelo escatológico denominado clássico defende a imortalidade da carne enquanto o denominado da ressurreição na morte defende a imortalidade do corpo. Após uma breve abordagem sobre os pressupostos filosóficos e teológicos dos supracitados modelos, a pesquisa apresentará a hipótese teológica de uma imortalidade psicossomática. Em base ao princípio da relacionalidade, não apenas a alma, mas também o corpo é considerado como imortal. Ter uma alma significa para o homem estar relacionado a Deus; da mesma forma, ter um corpo significa estar relacionado com seu próximo e com a natureza. Na perspectiva cristã tanto a relação com Deus quanto a relação com os outros e com o mundo não morrem no homem, mas ao contrário, se constituem como matéria do próprio julgamento. Portanto, em base a esta hipótese teológica corpo e alma são imortais. A carne, por sua vez, morre, mas ressuscita conforme demostra a profissão de fé católica.
O Counseling em benefício do discipulado cristão
Authors: Leonardo Francisco Antônio Morilhe
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo visa destacar a relevância do Counseling em benefício da construção da personalidade dos indivíduos, na qual o aconselhamento contribui para o discipulado cristão. Ademais, enfatiza-se o sentido de ser pessoa construtora, formadora e como o principal ator no desenvolvimento cristão, pois essa ferramenta vem para ser um diferencial para aqueles que desejam ter o conhecimento da palavra de Deus, além de influenciar na permanência dessas pessoas na igreja, contribuindo com a manutenção da fé cristã. Entretanto, considerando as mais diversas fases da vida, na variação dos relacionamentos humanos sociais, os seres humanos passam por situações, às vezes, conflitivas que, sozinhos, parecem não poder lidar com estas e não conseguem enfrentá-las. Desse modo, observa-se que o Counseling, no sentido pastoral, tem por objetivo contribuir com a reflexão acerca da condição em que a pessoa se encontra para, posteriormente, ajudá-la na tomada de uma decisão, sendo o ajudador ou discipulador um colaborador que ajudará nessa reflexão com a comunicação interpessoal de seu ajudado ou discípulo, mostrando os possíveis caminhos a serem seguidos, fundado a partir do exposto na sessão de aconselhamento.
O Apocalipse e lugares utópicos
Authors: Carvalho José Carlos
Published: February 2019

Pretende-se neste artigo avaliar como é que no tempo de Thomas Moro foi interpretado o livro do Apocalipse a partir do processo de rotação hermenêutica à volta das categorias de tempo e de lugar, para identificar as leituras que se posicionaram ora dentro do tempo do autor ora fora do tempo do autor, bem como as hermenêuticas do último livro bíblico que colocaram o leitor no centro dos lugares do texto ou fora desses lugares.
Kotona asuvien ikäihmisten palveluohjauksen vaikuttavuus – kuvaileva kirjallisuuskatsaus
Authors: Ristolainen Hanna , Tiilikainen Elisa , Rissanen Sari
Published: February 2019

Palveluohjauksen kehittäminen on viime vuosina ollut keskeisessä osassa sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon järjestelmän uudistamista. Siihen liittyvä vaikuttavuustieto on kuitenkin yhä hajanaista. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan kotona asuvien ikäihmisten palveluohjauksen vaikuttavuutta aikaisemman tutkimuskirjallisuuden pohjalta. Tarkastelu kokoaa sosiaalitieteellisen vaikuttavuustutkimuksen näkökulmasta yhteen sitä, miten aihetta on tutkittu, ja millaista vaikuttavuustietoa tutkimukset ovat tuottaneet. Tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin kuvailevaa kirjallisuuskatsausta, ja mukaan hyväksyttiin 18 kansainvälistä tutkimusartikkelia. Katsauksen tutkimuksissa palveluohjauksen ja erilaisten palveluohjausinterventioiden vaikuttavuutta arvioitiin sekä palveluohjausprosessin toteuttamisen että siitä seuranneiden vaikutuksien osalta. Vaikutuksia tarkasteltiin asiakkaan ja palvelujärjestelmän näkökulmasta. Ensimmäiseen sisältyivät hyvinvoinnissa tai elämäntilanteessa tapahtuneet muutokset sekä palveluohjauksesta saatuun tukeen liittyvät kokemukset. Palvelujärjestelmännäkökulmasta tarkasteltiin palveluiden käyttöön ja kustannuksiin liittyviä vaikutuksia. Kotona asuvien ikäihmisten palveluohjauksen vaikuttavuudesta löydettyjä tuloksia ei voida helposti yleistää, sillä palveluohjausmallit sekä vaikuttavuuden mittaamisen tavat vaihtelivat tutkimuksissa merkittävästi. Tulokset antavat kuitenkin viitteitä myönteistä vaikuttavuutta tuottavista palveluohjausprosesseista ja niihin liittyvistä käytännöistä. Aiheesta tarvitaan lisää suomalaiseen palvelujärjestelmään kiinnittyvää tutkimusta.
FFD Analysis for the Effect of Fouling on the Permeate Flux in High-Pressure Membranes
Authors: Maddah Hisham A.
Published: February 2019

Porous high-pressure membranes have been widely used for both brackish water and seawater desalination. However, fouling (concentration polarization) extensively reduces permeate flux in high-pressure membranes such that reverse osmosis (RO) and/or nanofiltration (NF). In this study, we have attempted to understand the effect of membrane fouling on the permeate water flux by modeling the salt concentration profile within a membrane of interest. A parabolic (or diffusion) partial differential equation was used to describe the change in salt concentration inside the membrane. Subsequently, the PDE equation was solved numerically, under certain assumptions, by using forward finite difference (FFD) explicit method. It was found that salt accumulation occurs at the membrane feed-side surface and there was a noticeable decrease in water flux as fouling increased. For waters with an initial salt concentration of 10000 ppm (NaCl) and with an average diffusivity of , results showed that both RO/NF would have flux rates of 74.9, 67.4, 22.5, 0, –37.4, –74.9 LMH for the feed-side surface concentrations 0, 1000, 7000, 10000, 15000 and 20000 ppm, respectively, where negative flux indicates a back-flow scenario.
Impact of “Formulate, Share, Listen and Create” Strategy On Mathematical Representation Skills
Authors: Arman Ibrahim Moh'D
Published: February 2019

The study aimed at investigating the effect of employing the strategy (Formulate- Share- Listen- Create) (FSLC) on the 4thGraders developing their mathematical representation skills in governmental schools in Hebron governorate - Directorate of Education. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, it was applied on a purposive sample of (124) fourth graders in Al-Huda Basic Education for Girls School and El Amin Basic Education for Boys School in the Directorate of Education / Yatta. The sample included (67) Male students, and (57) Female students. The students distributed into four sections, one section in each school represented the control group (studied in the traditional method), and the other section represented the experimental group (studied according to the Form-Share-Listen and Create strategy (FSLC). The researcher designed the test of the skills of mathematical representation skills, the researcher verified the validity and reliability of the tool. The results revealed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α≤0.05) among the 4thGraders in the test of mathematical representation skills due to the teaching method and for the experimental group studied according to the strategy of the strategy (FSLC). The study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α≤0.05) in the test of mathematical representation skills due to gender, or the interaction between gender and the method.In the light of the results of the study, the researcher recommends using the teacher's guide to use the Form-Share-Listen and Create strategy (FSLC) in teaching mathematics, and training teachers to use the strategy in developing mathematical written skills (writing and presentation) and the verbal skills (speaking, listening and reading), as well as conducting further studies on the impact of this strategy in other variables and subjects. Such as solving life problems and making decision.
Perspective on Low-Temperature Combustion Applied to the Strategies of NOx Emission Reduction
Authors: Nam Cao Dao
Published: February 2019

Compression ignition engine and PPCI-Partially Premixed Combustion Ignition, in which part of the fuel is sprayed on the fill line and the remainder is directly sprayed in the cylinder, bringing the advantages of both gasoline engine (fuel blends well with air) and diesel engine (compressed by compression). At the same time, it is possible to control the burning time of the mixture and the engine is stable and continuous thanks to the second fuel injection directly in the combustion chamber. This new method of forming mixtures and fire concepts in engines can solve both the problem of toxic combustion and emissions on internal combustion engines as well as energy security due to the use of various types. renewable fuel.
Comparative Study of Pipeline Deliverables using Deterministic and Stochastic Models
Authors: Ihendeson Ernest Oria , Ujile Awajiogak A , Leol Anthony K.
Published: February 2019

This study aim to proffer solution to the factors causing delay is pipeline construction project deliverables, it compared deterministic model (variable with certainty) and stochastic model (variable with uncertainty), with Six (6) planned project schedules of Brownfield Energy Service Limited for pipeline construction. Time assigned to critical activities, identified from a network analysis, with the aid of the Critical Path Method, expected mean time, both deterministic and stochastic duration was calculated. Program Evaluation Review Techniques (PERT), the variance and standard deviation of the critical activities were also calculated. The probability of completion of a project within a given period was gotten with PERT. Comparing the results for deterministic duration 60 days to 79 days, which is 50% compared to 64%. It was concluded that stochastic model is preferable when scheduling and executing pipeline construction projects, because uncertainties are factored into the planning and scheduling process including delays. Delays during execution stage, occurs mainly due to community related issues, equipment failures, change in job scope and work- men antics but not limited to these. This study advocates elimination of causes of delay, especially before and during project execution phase. It also suggested that every project schedule should follow an order of precedents, prerequisite, and management involvement and cooperation at all stages of the project
The Profile of Students Activities; Before, During and After Learning
Authors: Fikriyanda Fikriyanda , Daharnis Daharnis , Yuca Verlanda
Published: February 2019

Learning activities are a learning effort by students in physical, mental, intellectual, and emotional aspects from the to hard observed activities that happened inside or outside the classroom. This study describes students learning activities that will impact on student learning outcomes. The method used is descriptive-analysis with a 167 students sample that using proportional random sampling technique, used a questionnaire . The instrument used is a questionnaire. The result of the research is it includes the students learning activities in Junior High school in the medium category which comprises learning activities before learning in school, learning during school, and after learning in school. The implications of this research can be a reference and input for Counselor to improve students learning activities at 19 Junior High school in Bandung.
The Tyranny of Size: challenges of health administration in Pacific Island States
Authors: Taylor Richard
Published: February 2019

There is great diversity among Pacific Island states (n=22) in geography, history, population size, political status, endemic disease, resources, economic and social development and positions in the demographic and health transitions and their variants. Excluding Papua New Guinea, all Pacific states are less than one million, and half of them (11) are less than 100,000.

Smallness also means fewer resources available for health, even if percentage allocations are similar to larger countries, and a disproportionate amount may derive from international aid.

Specialisation is not cost-effective or even possible in clinical, administrative or public health domains in small populations, even if resources or personnel were available, since such staff would lose their skills. In instances where only one to two staff are required, retirement or migration means decimation of the workforce.

Training doctors within the Pacific Island region provides appropriately trained personnel who are more likely to remain, including those trained in the major specialities. Nursing training should be in-country, although in very small entities, training in neighbouring states is necessary.

Outmigration is a significant issue, however, opportunities in Pacific Rim countries for medical doctors are contracting, and there is now a more fluid workforce among Pacific health personnel, including those resident in Pacific Rim countries.

International and regional agencies have a disproportionate influence in small states which can mean that global policies intended for larger polities are often promulgated inappropriately in small Pacific states.Smallness also leads to strong personal relationships between health staff, and contributes to teamwork, but can also create issues in supervision.

Small health services are not just scaled-down versions of large health services; they are qualitatively different. Smallness is usually intractable, and its effects require creative and particularistic solutions involving other more endowed Pacific states and Pacific Rim countries.

Abbreviations: NCD – Non-Communicable Disease; NGOs – Non Government Organisations; ODA – Overseas Development Assistance; TFR – Total Fertility Rate.
From Global to Local: strengthening district health systems management as entry point to achieve health-related sustainable development goals
Authors: Tejativaddhana Phudit , Briggs David , Tonglor Romnalin
Published: February 2019

Thailand has performed admirably in its health reform over the last few decades. Healthcare is provided at a relatively low cost and healthcare needs have transitioned to begin to address diseases and mortality of developed countries. The challenges now faced by Thailand are similar to most developed countries reflecting adult mortality and risk factors of an uppermiddle income population and the need to modify institutional structures to reflect these changing circumstances.

The approach to these challenges has focused on the ‘implementation of knowledge based health development’ and critically identifies ‘the triangle that moves the mountain’ (health reform) as a movement that mobilises; the creation of relevant knowledge, social movement and political involvement’ to address ‘inter-connected, complex and extremely difficult to solve’ problems. The move to District Health Systems as the access point to healthcare and the service delivery structure demands competent qualified leadership and management. It requires an understanding of the differences in managing professionally dominated complex adaptive systems compared to traditional approaches of managing within bureaucratic structures.

This can be best described as managing connected, integrated care focused both on individuals as patients and communities with a strong emphasis on primary healthcare, prevention and evidence-based practice. It also requires an understanding of how distributed networks of practice (DNOP) provide the potential for researchers, practitioners and other agencies and communities to collaborate, learn and improve healthcare across geographic, jurisdictional and organisational boundaries.

This approach provides recognition of the need to build the capacity and capability of health professionals in the management and leadership of health systems and Thailand is moving towards this goal in implementing specific health systems management curriculum which focuses on action-based research and learning together at the District health level augurs well for continued ability to address current health challenges and to achieve SDGs.

Abbreviations: DHS – District Health System; DNOP – Distributed Networks of Practice; HSRI – Health Systems Research Institute; MoPH – Ministry of Public Health; NHSO – National Health Security Office; SDG – Strategic Development Goal; UHC – Universal Health Coverage.
Understanding Pharmacist Communication and Medication Errors: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Sassoli Maryam , Day Gary
Published: February 2019

Objective: To better understand the inter-professional clinical communication between pharmacists, other health professionals and medication errors.

Methods: This research study used a systematic literature review approach by searching online databases including Medline, PubMed and CINHAL to understand the relationship between pharmacist clinical communication and medication errors. The results of this study show that from 1158 studies that were screened and assessed, only 454 studies were initially selected after the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. A PRISMA chart and descriptive analysis was used to present the result.

Results: The results concluded that of the 18 studies, 17 showed a relationship between communication and medication errors, while only one study indicated no relationship. Thematic synthesis was used to classifythe result of the 17 studies. The result was classified into five general themes based on the literature review and similarity among the studies.

Conclusions: This systematic literature review investigated the interrelationship between communication and medication errors. In regards to patient safety, the research highlights that structured communication iseffective in preventing medication errors. These errors can occur within the medication management cycle at any point of the drug distribution chain. This is due to the involvement of different health professionals, anddifferent steps in the cycle from the correct prescription through to correct administration. Thus, to effectively prevent medication errors and reduce the rate of patient harm, structured communication (verbally andnon-verbally) is highly recommended.

Abbreviations: GP – General Practitioner; SLR – Systematic Literature Review
Flexible, Capable, Adaptable: A Dynamic Allied Health Workforce
Authors: May Kerry , McAlinden Fiona , Splawa-Neyman Michael , O'Rourke Michelle , Sturgess Tamica
Published: February 2019

Objective: The Allied Health Executive at a major Metropolitan Health Service was experiencing an increasing number of flexible work requests and was keen to ensure that local and legislative requirements were met, our highly skilled and specialist staff were supported to remain in the workforce as their life outside work changed and the operational demands of a bed-based service delivery model were not negatively impacted.

Design: A root cause analysis was completed identifying three main contributing factors for the current, adhoc approach to flexible work requests. Current and past flexible work participants were surveyed, along with their managers and the Nurse Unit Managers of the clinical work areas. A literature review and environmental scan regarding frameworks for decision making for and supporting flexible work requests was undertaken.

Findings: There was a lack of consistent information as to how to establish and manage a flexible work request. There had been an historical view that flexible work requests were difficult to operationalise and there were missed experiences with flexible work arrangements for the people involved, their managers and their colleagues.

Outcome measures: The combined data was then utilised to develop a framework to support decision-making around whether a role could operate as a flexible work arrangement. A framework on how to best support the staff considering and entering into these arrangements to ensure all the benefits of a flexible work arrangement are realised and many of the challenges minimised was also developed.

Conclusion: Flexible work arrangements should be considered in appropriate circumstances, and will have the best opportunity for success when supported by a consistent, evidenced-based framework.

Abbreviations: EFT – Equivalent Full Time; RCA – Root Cause Analysis.