bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immutable Universe in which the Big Bang Occurred Resolution of the Singularity and of the Origins of Gravity of Dark Energy and Dark Matter
Authors: I Sakho
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we presented a new cosmological model referred as Immutable Universe U0 in which the Big Bang probably
occurred. The singularity is well resolved and the origins of time, of dark energy and of dark matter and the cause of the
expansion of the Universe are enlightened. In addition, the origin of gravity is pointed out. The possible existence of "nonluminous" black photons moving in U0
at the speed cd
>c (speed of the light) that may explain possible conversion of dark
energy to dark matter and vice versa is also discussed. The content of this work may be of great interest to cosmologists
who focus their research on the origins of dark energy and dark matter along with their relationship to the expansion of our
Universe and on the multiverse theory. Note that none of our current laws can explain the properties of dark matter in the U0
Universe. The reason is that our laws only govern the behavior of ordinary matter in the Universe born after the Big Bang. We
therefore need to invent new laws of physics that will incorporate the existence of dark photons propagating at the speed of
cd>c.
A Review of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and Their Biodiversity, Medical and Veterinary Importance
Authors: A* Ghorbani , K Dekkiche , A Ghorbani , Y Garedaghi
Published: January 2025

Background: Insects, especially mosquitoes, make up a large part of the creatures on the planet, and almost all humans and
animals encounter various insects throughout the day and night. Most of the infectious diseases that are registered annually
in the world by the World Health Organization (WHO) are caused by insects, especially mosquitoes of the Culicidae family. The
main purpose of this study is to investigate the mosquitoes of the Culicidae family, the diseases transmitted by them and the
ways of disease transmission.
Methods: This is a general review study to increase the knowledge of researchers in the field of diseases of insects and
especially mosquitoes of the Culicidae family, which examines the most important parasitic and viral diseases in the field of
medicine and veterinary medicine.
Results: Parasitic diseases of Malaria and Dirofilariasis, viral diseases of Dengue Fever, Zika virus, West Nile virus, Chikungunya
virus and is one of the most important diseases transmitted by mosquitoes of the Culicidae family, which are mostly transmitted
by different species of Aedes and Culex.
Conclusion: Today, with the changes in the global climate, in some countries, we are facing an increase in the number of
mosquitoes that transmit diseases. Parasitic and viral diseases are the main diseases transmitted by this family of mosquitoes.
One of the best ways to deal with important diseases such as Malaria, Yellow fever and Dengue fever, which make millions of
people sick and even die every year, is to control the growth and reproduction of Culicidae mosquitoes.
Unveiling GPT-4o: Enhanced Multimodal Capabilities and Comparative Insights with ChatGPT-4
Authors: Murad Ibrahim A , Khaleel Mustafa Ibrahim , Shakor Mohammed Y.
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI), a rapidly advancing field in the modern era, particularly within computer science, continues to progress by developing tools with superior capabilities and innovative features. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis between ChatGPT-4 and its enhanced version, ChatGPT-4o, based on various parameters. The methodology employs a mixed-methods approach using a standardized dataset and systematically designed prompts. The findings reveal significant improvements, including enhanced coherence and contextual relevance of generated content, accurate and verifiable citation presentation, and improved capabilities in addressing scientific, educational, and technical inquiries. Additionally, ChatGPT-4o demonstrates superiority in handling complex creative writing tasks, text analysis, and understanding intricate scientific, literary, and logical scenarios. These results collectively indicate that the outputs of ChatGPT-4o are more effective, making it a reliable tool for academic, professional, and technical purposes. This research highlights the significant impact of ChatGPT-4o on user interactions, showcasing its capacity to fundamentally transform content creation processes and analytical functions across various fields. The implications of this study suggest that ChatGPT-4o has the potential to enhance productivity and innovation in education, professional industries, and technological development
On the translation of culinary terms in Malaga province restaurant menus into English. A corpus-based study
Authors: Díaz Pérez Francisco Javier
Published: January 2025

El principal objetivo de este estudio consiste en analizar las soluciones de traducción adoptadas para trasladar los nombres de platos y bebidas en un corpus bilingüe español-inglés de ochenta cartas de restaurantes de cuatro localidades de la provincia de Málaga. En total se han analizado 1436 términos culinarios y sus traducciones al inglés. Los resultados reflejan una tendencia a recurrir a soluciones de traducción orientadas hacia la cultura de partida, que además de vincular los textos meta con la cultura a la que están asociados los platos, puede hacerlos más atractivos para el público meta. Junto a esta tendencia, los traductores intentaron asegurarse de que las cartas en inglés fueran comprensibles e informativas. Se ha podido probar asimismo que la variable de especificidad cultural ha afectado a la elección de las soluciones de traducción.
Casos especiales del tratamiento traductivo de las denominaciones vernáculas de grupos de organismos en los textos destinados a la enseñanza y divulgación de la ciencia
Authors: Garrido Carlos
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo pasa revista a los casos especiales del tratamiento traductivo de las denominaciones vernáculas de grupos de organismos en los textos científicos didácticos y divulgativos (inglés/alemán y castellano/gallegoportugués), recurriendo a una serie de ejemplos representativos procedentes de la experiencia del autor como traductor y como docente de traducción de textos científicos. Tales casos especiales se producen cuando el traductor, por causas diversas, no debe trasladar a su texto de llegada la designación taxonómica efectuada en el texto de partida, o cuando, debiendo reproducir en su texto de llegada la designación taxonómica original, entre las denominaciones vernáculas equivalentes de las lenguas de partida y de llegada se registra ora una relación traductiva imperfecta, de inclusión conceptual, ora una relación traductiva perfecta pero no biunívoca, particularmente de tipo 1:2 o 1:3, causada por diversas clases de polisemia.
Unveiling Hannah Cowley (1743-1809): Analysis and translation of the poetic and sentimental games under the name of Anna Matilda
Authors: Rivas Carmona María del Mar
Published: January 2025

Este artículo se centra en una competición lingüístico-poética muy popular a finales del siglo xviii entre la conocida escritora Hannah Cowley y el líder del movimiento poético Della Crusca, Robert Merry. Su estilo literario lúdico y sensible desafió las formas poéticas convencionales y fue seguida con fervor por el público. Sin embargo, la efímera actividad de este grupo literario pronto se vio fulminada por los ataques de críticos y satíricos como William Gifford, cuya exacerbada acritud y actitud profundamente tendenciosa precipitaron la erradicación del movimiento. Como resultado, esta obra ha sido juzgada por sus “no lectores” (Labbe, 2009) principalmente a través de la crítica y no por la lectura del texto original. Por todo ello, y con la intención de contribuir a un mayor y más justo conocimiento de estos autores que abra la posibilidad de nuevas lecturas de su obra, presentamos el análisis y traducción al español de tres poemas firmados por Anna Matilda (Hannah Cowley) en respuesta a Della Crusca, pertenecientes al intercambio amoroso que protagonizaron para los lectores del periódico The World.
The Legality of Tiktok in Indonesia
Authors: Izzatur Rahman Rafika , Betsy Prajna Paramita  , Muhammad Tri Mulya Putra  , Sellyana Narita Ratih Wulandari
Published: January 2025

The 21st century marks a significant communication and information exchange shift, making it progressively more effortless, cost-effective, and efficient. Consequently, conventional communication and information media are gradually marginalized, often perceived as less effective and efficient. TikTok, a short-form video platform designed to foster user creativity through content creation and sharing, was launched in September 2016. It gained a global presence before expanding into Indonesia in 2018. However, concerns regarding the spread of negative content led to a temporary block by the Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Information Technology. The block was lifted on the condition that TikTok adheres to existing Indonesian regulations. This research employs a legal research methodology, utilizing both a statutory and a conceptual approach. The operation of TikTok in Indonesia with a user base exceeding 112.9 million, without adopting the Limited Liability Company (LLC) structure, warrants further investigation as it undoubtedly impacts its economic activities in the country. In this instance, TikTok, operating as an Electronic System Operator and offering paid services to users through its electronic system, must be recognized as a business entity. In Indonesia, the Ministry of Communication and Information legally obligates all digital platforms and social media to register as Electronic System Operators (ESOs). The regulations concerning Electronic System Operators (ESOs) are outlined in Law Number 19 of 2016 regarding Electronic Information and Transactions, Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 regarding the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions, and Regulation of the Minister of Communication and Informatics Number 5 of 2020 concerning Private Electronic System Operators.
Analysis of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency and Its Potential Effectiveness in Indonesia
Authors: Panji Ahmad Setiawan  , Imam Haryanto
Published: January 2025

Trade in the current era of globalization involves many countries around the world, both in bilateral and multilateral relationships. This has transformed trade from being limited to a single country into what is known as international business or international trade. With the rapid development of international business, various issues have emerged, including insolvency that involves more than one country with different jurisdictions, commonly referred to as cross-border insolvency. Currently, Indonesian law does not regulate this aspect, resulting in a legal vacuum regarding the execution of bankrupt assets outside Indonesia's territory. This research employs a juridical-normative legal method with legislative and comparative approaches. Insolvency in Indonesia is governed by Indonesian Law No. 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations. Under the principle of territoriality, bankruptcy rulings in Indonesia are only applicable within the national jurisdiction and lack enforceability abroad. This situation becomes complicated when a debtor who owes creditors from another country is declared bankrupt, or vice versa. One solution to address cross-border insolvency cases is to adopt the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency, formulated by the United Nations, which aims to provide guidelines for resolving cross-border insolvency cases in various countries and to assist in handling such matters fairly and effectively.
Criminological Analysis of the Crime of Sexual Harassment in the City of Makassar
Authors: Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng  , Arya Andi
Published: January 2025

This research moves from the anxiety over the rampant cases of sexual harassment in the city of Makassar, so the author is interested in further researching and analyzing the factors that cause criminal acts of sexual harassment in Makassar City, as well as seeing the efforts made by the Makassar Police in preventing and overcoming these criminal acts. This research uses empirical legal research method, which aims to observe and analyze the implementation of law in society. The results showed an increase in sexual harassment cases from year to year, namely in 2020, 2021, and 2022. The factors that cause sexual harassment involve internal and external factors. In an effort to prevent and overcome sexual harassment in the family, there are two approaches. First, through non-punitive countermeasures, involving pre-emptive and preventive measures that must be taken by individuals, communities, and the police. Second, through penal countermeasures, which include repressive measures taken by law enforcement officials such as the police, prosecutors, courts, and correctional institutions
New records of species of the family Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Ivory Coast
Authors: Touré Moustapha , Kwadjo Koffi Eric , Doumbia Mamadou , Kreiter Serge
Published: January 2025

Ivory Coast is one of the largest countries in Western Africa. Despite this, only five species of the Phytoseiidae mite family have been reported from this country so far. This study aims to improve the understanding of Phytoseiidae mites in papaya orchards in Ivory Coast. Sampling was conducted between 2017 and 2018 in three areas of intensive papaya cultivation in Ivory Coast: Anyama Ahoue (Abidjan), Yobouekro (Toumodi), and Ngattakro (Yamoussoukro). It involved the direct collection of mites from papaya leaves. This study identified 12 species of Phytoseiidae, all belonging to the Amblyseiinae subfamily. Among these species, 11 are newly reported for this country, namely Neoseiulus longispinosus (Evans), N. teke Pritchard and Baker, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, A. tamatavensis Blommers, Proprioseiopsis mexicanus (Garman), P. ovatus (Garman), Iphiseius degenerans (Berlese), Euseius fustis (Pritchard and Baker), E. lokele (Pritchard and Baker), E. nyalensis (El-Badry) and E. ovaloides (Blommers). This study is part of an ongoing census of the mite family Phytoseiidae in Ivory Coast, which must be extended to other crops to improve biological control of crop pests.
2D mechanical metamaterials synthesized by topology optimization in the different symmetry classes
Authors: Do Xuan-Nam , Calisti Valentin , Ganghoffer Jean-François
Published: January 2025

The aim of this paper is to recourse to topology optimization method to synthesize mechanical matematerials, based on the topologial derivative. Material symmetries play a major role in the very definition and expression of the homogenized properties; the search of optimal microstructures is done in given symmetry classes characterized by invariants of the homogenized moduli. We synthesize thanks to this methodology periodic microstructures prone to auxetic and anti-auxetic behaviors, or with a very large or small bulk to shear modulus ratio.
Structural topology optimization in linear and nonlinear elasticity using a discontinuous Galerkin finite element method
Authors: Tan Yixin , Yan Lingkang , Zhu Shengfeng
Published: January 2025

A discontinuous Galerkin finite element method is developed for structural topology optimization with the level set method. The discontinuous Galerkin finite element method is employed to discretize and solve both the elasticity system, possible adjoint, and the transport equation of the level set function. Structural compliance and compliant mechanisms are considered for linear and nonlinear elastic structures. Numerical examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm presented.
Understanding the Difficulties in Diagnosing Neonatal Sepsis: Assessing the Role of Sepsis Biomarkers
Authors: Lungu Nicoleta , Jura Ana-Maria-Cristina , Popescu Daniela-Eugenia , Horhat Florin George , Manea Aniko Maria , Boia Marioara
Published: January 2025

Background

Neonatal sepsis is a serious condition with high rates of morbidity and mortality, caused by the rapid growth of microorganisms that trigger a systemic reaction. Symptoms can range from mild to severe presentations. The causative microorganism is usually transmitted from mothers, especially from the urogenital tract, or can originate from the community or hospital.

Methods

Our retrospective study assessed 121 newborns, including both preterm and term infants, divided into three groups within the first 28 days of life: early-onset sepsis (35), late-onset sepsis (39), and a control group (47). Blood samples and cultures were obtained upon admission or at the onset of sepsis (at 24 and 72 hours). The study aimed to evaluate the limitations of commonly used biomarkers and new markers such as lactate dehydrogenase and ferritin in more accurately diagnosing neonatal sepsis.

Results

Our study revealed a significant difference between the initial and final measures of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ferritin in the early-onset sepsis (EOS) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) groups.

Conclusion

Ferritin and LDH may serve as potential markers associated with systemic response and sepsis in cases of both early and late-onset sepsis. Monitoring these biomarkers can aid in the timely detection and management of sepsis, potentially improving patient outcomes.
Climate Change Disclosures by the Bank of England: A Framing Analysis
Authors: Kapranov Oleksandr
Published: January 2025

The Bank of England (further – the Bank) is one of the leading actors in the financial sector both in the United Kingdom and worldwide. The Bank is known for publishing its corporate disclosures on climate change. Whilst they are freely accessible on the Bank’s official website, there is insufficient research that investigates them from a qualitative perspective. Seeking to bridge the current gap, the article presents a qualitative study that aims to establish how the Bank frames the issue of climate change in its corporate disclosures. The study involves a corpus of the Bank’s disclosures on climate change published from 2020 to 2024. The corpus is analysed by means of a qualitative framing methodology. The results of the corpus analysis show that the Bank frames the issue of climate change as the following frames (i) an international approach, (ii) the Bank’s leading role, (iii) carbon footprint reduction, (iv) carbon-neutral economy, (v) renewables, (vi) risk, and (vii) threat. The findings are discussed in conjunction with the prior studies on corporate discourse concerning climate change.
The Brazilian Social Educator in The 21st Century: A Debate on Professionalization and Initial Training Based on National Legislation
Authors: Ferreira Arthur Vianna , Baptista Isabel
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study investigates 21st century Brazilian legislation on the profession of social educator, aiming to provide elements for the organization and selection of essential teaching content for the training of this professional in Brazil.
 
Theoretical Framework: For the development of the parte of this research, the legal devices that structure the profession of social educator in Brazil were analyzed, starting for the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (CFRB) of 1988 and its developments in the Statute of Children and Adolescents (ECA) of 1990, in addition to Laws 5346 of 2009, 328 of 2015 and 2941 of 2019, which discuss the minimum requirements for professional training in the area of ​​social education.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research is bibliographical and exploratory, using a qualitative approach focused on the aforementioned documentary analysis. According to Flick (2009), documentary analysis is fundamental to understanding existing realities. In this research, the analysis of the cited documents, together with other authors of Social Pedagogy, will contribute to outlining the context of the dispute surrounding social functions and the training necessary for the establishment of the profession of social educator in Brazil.
 
Results and Discussion: The main results presented are (1) the lack of national regulation for the role of social educator makes it difficult to train this professional, (2) the dispute over the agreement of the basic provisions, set out in PL 2941 of 2019, may complicate the classification of current educators in the minimum requirements for their role, and (3) the structure of the law proposed as a regulator of the profession of social educator may distance these professionals from teacher training in the Brazilian context.
 
Research Implications: The research impacts the discussion on the organization of social educators as a professional class and the creation of training spaces, in accordance with the regulation of the profession in Brazil.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes with an analysis of the main most recent documents on the profession of social educator, highlighting advances and challenges in legislation for their training and professionalization in Brazil.
DEVELOPMENT OF REGRESSION SCALES FOR ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT CHILDREN LIVING IN KHMAO-YUGRA
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Shevnin Igor Andreevich , Jafarova Bakhali Zulfigarovna , Ragozin Oleg Nikolaevich , Ilyushchenko Natalya Aleksandrovna , Ragozina Olga Vasilievna , Korotkov Mikhail Gennadievich ,   Ugra State University
Published: January 2025

As a method for assessing the level of physical development (PD) of children, it is necessary to use regional regression scales of body weight and chest circumference along body length, as the most advanced tool. According to the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 514n dated August 10, 2017, regional regression scales are recommended as the only tool for a comprehensive assessment of RF. The article describes the methodology for creating a tool for developing regional regression scales to assess the level of RF of children in the first year of life living in the KhantyMansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Ugra.
ASSESSMENT OF NEUROPYCHICAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF FEEDING
Authors:   Surgut State University, Sapozhnikova Anastasia Pavlovna , Mymrina Kristina Alekseevna , Dobrynina Olesya Dmitrievna
Published: January 2025

This article shows the influence of the type of feeding on the speech development of children at an early age. Based on the correlation analysis and comparison of speech development indicators in breastfed and bottle-fed children, it was concluded that breast-fed children show higher rates of speech development in comparison with bottle-fed children. The greatest difference in speech development is recorded in the second half of a child’s life. A relationship has been established with the use of pacifiers at an early age as a factor of negative impact on speech development. Thus, the results of the study confirm the significance of the influence of breastfeeding on the speech development of children.
MALIGNANT UPPER VENA CAVA SYNDROME IN SURGICAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Zhiganova Mariya Ivanovna , Vasilev Pavel Valerevich ,   Regional Hospital of Khanty-Mansiysk autonomus District – Ugra
Published: January 2025

The article provides an overview of three clinical cases concerning resection of the superior vena cava and its tributaries in locally advanced chest tumors, using a multidisciplinary approach, during which an oncologist and a cardiac surgeon directly participate in the operation.
THE COMPUTER PLANTOGRAPHY OF THE MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL ARCH OF THE FOOT IN PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Bilyk Vladislav Mikhailovich , Zubik Grigoriy Vasilyevich , Orlov Sergey Aleksandrovich , Tkachuk Anna Anatolyevna , Chiryatieva Tatyana Viktorovna
Published: January 2025

Flat feet are the most common pathology of the human musculoskeletal system and are considered a disease of modern civilization. The structure and functioning of the foot is influenced by many factors, one of which is one's own motor activity. According to the literature, many diagnostic methods are used in the diagnosis of foot arch pathologies, but the most promising and accessible technique is light-optical computer plantography.
THE EFFECT OF ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES ON THE STATE OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF A STUDY OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Bashkir State Medical University, Asylgareeva Aliya Marselevna , Nizamova Milyausha Marselevna
Published: January 2025

This article examines the impact of electronic cigarettes, currently popular among young people, on the state of the cardiovascular system. The theory of the varieties, structure and composition of these devices is also given. A survey was conducted among students of the 1st-3rd year of the Faculty of Medicine on the topic of work.
GENERAL COAGULATION ACTIVITY AND STATE OF PLATELET HEMOSTASIS IN IRREVERSIBLE OCCLUSION OF THE MAIN VESSEL AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF ADDITIONAL ADMINISTRATION OF BLACK CUMIN OIL
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Evsyutina Irina Andreevna , Babaeva Diana Arsenovna
Published: January 2025

In experiments on white rats, the nature and direction of general coagulation activity and platelet hemostasis were studied when modeling endogenous thrombinemia against the background of additional administration of the dietary supplement “Black Cumin Oil”. It has been shown that preliminary administration of the supplement for 21 days limits the development of endogenous thrombinemia caused by irreversible occlusion of a large vessel. The protective effect of the studied substance is manifested by limiting the involvement of platelets in the hemostatic process and weakening the coagulation cascade.
INFLUENCE OF REHABILITATION USING VIRTUAL REALITY ON THE COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CEREBRAL CIRCULAR DISORDER IN INPATIENT CONDITIONS IN THE ACUTE PERIOD
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Turovinina Elena Faridovna , Plotnikov Dmitriy Nikolaevich ,   Regional Hospital No. 23
Published: January 2025

Taking into account the active growth and rejuvenation of patients with first-time acute cerebrovascular accident, further rehabilitation of stroke patients and prevention of recurrent conditions plays a leading role in the fight against cardiovascular diseases [1, 2]. A major role is assigned to the psychoemotional state of patients and their psychological, cognitive rehabilitation. Considering that more than 80% of stroke survivors remain with severe neurological complications.
DEVELOPING CRISPR TECHNOLOGY FOR DETECTING BARTONELLA PATHOGENS
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Han Qi , Yang Jie , Peng Hanting
Published: January 2025

In order to solve the problems of time-consuming and complex processes of existing detection methods and early detection and control of the prevalence and spread of Bartonella. In this study, we based on CRISPR/Cas12a technology combined with recombinase polymerase isothermal amplification technology (RPA) to establish a detection method for Bartonella. The results of this method can be directly observed with the naked eye.
Pathotype and virulence of Escherichia coli from adult human diarrheal feces and water sources in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Igbokwe Nwamaka Herrienta , Idowu Abel Olusola , Ezeobiora Chijioke Emmanuel , Oseni Bukola Aminat
Published: January 2025

Objectives:

The prevalence of Escherichia coli strains from fecal diarrheal specimens and water samples underscores the imperative of exploring the symbiotic interplay between microbial ecologies in elucidating the pathophysiology of diarrheal infections among the adult populace. This study determined the different pathotypes of E. coli strains in water and stool samples from a Nigerian state, Lagos, and the different virulence factors they exhibit.

Materials and Methods:

E. coli strains were isolated and characterized by presumptive coliform tests from stool samples of patients with diarrheal and from different water sources in Lagos. Multiplex conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies that utilized a comprehensive set of 22 primers that enabled the selective amplification of 11 virulence genes, namely: stx1, stx2, eae, bfp, lt, st11, virF, ipaH, aafII, daaE, and uidA were used to detect different categories of diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes.

Results:

The real-time and conventional PCR analysis of the 204 E. coli strain from the diarrheal stool and water samples detected the six diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes (enterohemorrhagic, enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, enteroinvasive, enteroaggregative, and diffuse adherent) and their virulence toxins; stx2, stx1, eae, bfp, st11, lt, virF, aafII, daaE, and uidA with an exception of ipaH toxin, the gene for enteroinvasive E. coli, which was not detected. Enterohemorrhagic/enteropathogenic E. coli toxin eae, 18 (32.29%), was the most detected toxin next to uidA which was isolated from all the samples of E. coli strains from Lagos.

Conclusion:

The expression of these virulence genes shows that these organisms exhibit a high degree of pathogenicity, thereby presenting a substantial danger to public health.
Clinical and dermoscopic profile of non-venereal genital dermatoses and its impact on the quality of life: A cross-sectional study of 550 cases
Authors: Sadhukhan Subhajit , Bains Anupama , Bhardwaj Abhishek , Patra Suman , Vedant Deepak , Sharma Charu , Ram Chaudhary Gautam
Published: January 2025

Background

Non-venereal genital dermatoses cover a broad spectrum of conditions with varying aetiologies and can be confused with venereal disorders. This may cause significant anxiety to the patient as well as diagnostic difficulties for the clinician.

Objective

The purpose was to study the clinico-epidemiological pattern of non-venereal genital dermatoses along with their dermoscopic features and to assess their impact on the quality of life.

Methods

This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study of 503 consecutive adult patients with non-venereal genital dermatoses. Relevant history and clinical examination, dermoscopy findings were documented and histopathology was performed where indicated. Statistical analyses was done using SPSS software v.23.

Results

Five hundred and three individuals with non-venereal genital lesions were enrolled. Some patients had multiple dermatoses, so a total of 550 cases were analysed. Men outnumbered women (5.8:1). A total of 49 different non-venereal genital dermatoses were identified. The most common ones were scabies 97 (17.6%), vitiligo 54 (9.8%), lichen simplex chronicus 43 (7.8%), lichen sclerosus 43 (7.8%) and lichen planus 39 (7.1%). Other dermatoses included psoriasis, Zoon’s balanitis, lichen nitidus, angiokeratoma and idiopathic scrotal calcinosis. Physiological conditions were noted in 56 (10.2%) cases, while 5 (1%) cases were premalignant and malignant disorders. The commonest symptom was genital pruritus 337 (60.9%). Scrotum was most frequently affected site in men (54.6%) and labia majora in women (81.6%). Comparative analysis between the dermoscopic features of similar-looking disorders like vitiligo versus lichen sclerosus, scrotal dermatitis versus psoriasis and lichen planus versus psoriasis was statistically significant (p<0.05). There was a large effect on the quality of life in 8(1.5%), moderate effect in 87(16.2%) and small effect in 385 (71.8%) patients. Dermatology life quality index was significantly elevated in women. Seventy six (15.1%) patients suffered from venerophobia.

Limitations

Because of the cross-sectional study design, dermatoscopic examinations were performed at various phases of the diseases. Histopathology was performed in a limited number of cases, so findings on dermoscopy and histopathology could not be correlated.

Conclusion

Non-venereal genital dermatoses are common and more so among men. The most common dermatoses noted was scabies followed by vitiligo and lichen simplex chronicus. The present study provides detailed clinical and dermoscopy features in Indian patients. Dermoscopy is a useful tool in the diagnosis of these diseases. These dermatoses have mild to moderate effects on patients’ quality of life; some of these patients suffer from venereophobia. Recognising and treating this issue will aid in properly managing these patients.
Characterization of medicinal properties of, Musa acuminata (Dwarf Cavendish) to ascertain therapeutic potential and its application
Authors: Prabahar Ashwin A. , Nixon Sandra , Sowndariyan Gnana G. , Satiyanathan G.R.
Published: January 2025

Bananas are considered to be fulfilling fruits in terms of nutrition and flavor. Banana is a very common part of people's diets across the world. Banana-based food products and supplements have been considered to be of high-quality delicacies. Musa acuminata, also commonly known as Matti in south Tamil Nadu, is a highly nutritious part of regular diet of people. Bananas are rich in carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins, amino acids and dietary fibres that directly benefit the bodily immune mechanisms. The driving force of this research is characterizing the phytochemical profile and the anti-cancer benefits associated with it. Semi-ripe bananas were chosen for this study and studied carefully to discern their therapeutic potential. Bananas are very rich in fibre and help to improve digestion and the digestive tract to alleviate constipation issues.

Also, through the enriched fibre quality in the banana, it has the potential to aid as a dietary supplement that can reduce the number of calories, which directly supports weight loss. Bananas, in general, are also found to contain antioxidants that can improve skincare and the bodily immune mechanisms. In this context, we present this idea to discern and ascertain the therapeutic ability of components of matti in treating liver cancer. Overall, our project aims to shed light on the significance of banana-based dietary supplements and their health benefits.
Flood Susceptibility Assessment of Wyra River Catchment, South India using AHP-GIS Multi Criteria Approach
Authors: Rao Ch. Raghava , Viswanadh G.K.
Published: January 2025

Floods can create natural disasters that cause widespread damage such as destroying people’s lives and resources in the social and environmental domains. Flooding is extreme and periodic due to climate change and the acceleration of human-influenced land-use modification, which increases the force in the river pathways and due to these alterations, the river morphology changes. To reduce flood damage, mapping and analysis of flood susceptibility are crucial components of flood reduction and mitigation procedures which recognize most at-risk regions according to physical features that identify the probability of inundation.

With the use of geographic information systems (GIS), multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and remote sensing (RS), this study attempts to generate a map of the Wyra catchment's flood risk. Nine thematic maps have been developed: slope, soil type, elevation, land use/land cover, topographic wetness index, rainfall and distance from rivers, drainage density and road distance maps. The Wyra catchment area is about 3443 km2. According to this research, about 11.60% were in a zone of risk, vulnerable to flooding. Around 84.33% and 4.06% were moderate and low-risk zones respectively. This study provides efficiency in terms of time and funds for the flooding procedure in the catchment of Wyra. As a result, flood forecasting, early detection and control will be helpful for planners of land use and decision-makers to lessen the effects of flood vulnerability and future damages within the Wyra watershed.
Comparative investigation on biosorption studies for removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solution using banana peels powder and orange peels powder
Authors: Chowdhary Anju , Solanki Abhishek , Jat Ram Niwas , Gupta Vikal
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on understanding biosorption with an objective of exploring low-cost adsorbents using chemically activated banana and orange peels powder for removal of Pb (II) ions from the aqueous solution. The impacts of several environmental factors like pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and metal ion concentration have been analysed on the adsorption behaviour of the adsorbents. The activated adsorbents were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effects of various parameters such as adsorbent dosages, contact duration, pH and metal ion concentration were investigated with help of batch experiment method.

Various isotherm models were employed to analyse and to interpret the experimental data. Among these, the Langmuir isotherm models were the most accurate in describing the adsorption behaviour of both adsorbents. This research would be significant because continuous research and development efforts are essential for improving the effectiveness of heavy metals adsorption process by banana and orange peels.
Exploring Diverse Precursors for Metal Sulfide Nanoparticle Synthesis: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Zungu Mlungisi Malusi , Pullabhotla Viswanadha Srirama Rajasekhar
Published: January 2025

Metal complex chalcogenides and metal sulfides have been of interest in the scientific research world for their tunable chemical, optical and physical properties. A favourable synthesis method, using a single-source precursor for control purposes and the electrosynthesis method included for comparison reasons is articulated in this review. The effects of dithiocarbamates and their role in forming metal-sulfides' morphology are discussed. Based on the data collected by various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, the chemical and physical properties of the metal-sulfides are also discussed. This review aims to provide an overview of different molecular precursors used in catalysis to produce metal sulfides with enhanced properties, through various decomposition methods either in the solution or in the vapour phase.

This review also considers several important factors such as reaction time, surfactants, precursor concentration and the type of precursor used, which can be manipulated and can play a significant role in the metal sulfides formed during decomposition.
Biomimetics helping to design advanced environmental adsorbents
Authors: Chmielewská E.
Published: January 2025

There are many examples from the past, especially from the period of rapid industrial development, when as a consequence of harmful emissions in the biosphere, a mass death of the population and all forms of life occurred. Chemical accidents, means of warfare in wars to destroy the enemy, production of energy related to risks of contamination, loss of biodiversity, electromagnetic smog, oil extraction and oil tanker accidents, transport and exhaust gases, climate threats, production of commodities without respecting the legislative environmental standards and the lack of environmental infrastructure, are the most common consequences in today's modern human life and environmental quality.

Biomimetics (or bioinspiration) is one of the most revolutionary scientific fields of the 21st century. It is usually defined as a science which imitates nature and living systems and helps to sustain life on Earth. Due to a better understanding of biological systems, the ability to observe nature, as well as the number of effective nature-inspired solutions to some current technological problems have increased dramatically.
Качество многопараметрической селекции на основе комплексного критерия
Authors: ЕГОРОВ Д.Б. , ПОНЯТСКИЙ В.М.
Published: January 2025

В данной статье рассмотрена задача селекции полезного источника излучения по его нескольким слабовыраженным параметрам. Для реализации алгоритма селекции, а также расчета вероятности обнаружения полезного источника, в известных методах селекции используются интегрирование многомерных плотностей вероятности случайных величин. Такой расчет требует высоких вычислительных затрат, а также знания законов распределения плотностей вероятности случайных величин, используемых для селекции, что при реализации на практике затруднительно. С целью упрощения многомерной селекции предлагается использовать метод селекции на основе комплексного критерия. Метод селекции по комплексному критерию заключается в вычислении функционалов источников на основе их параметров с учетом взвешенных коэффициентов. Такой функционал по сути является применением метода наименьших квадратов для получения оценки степени соответствия рассматриваемых объектов заданным условиям. А при использовании взвешенных коэффициентов для расчета значения комплексного критерия менее выраженные параметры полезного сигнала вносят меньший вклад при принятии решения об обнаружении полезного сигнала. В данной статье основное внимание уделено проведению анализа влияния набора параметров, использованных для селекции по комплексному критерию.

This article discusses the problem of selecting a useful radiation source according to its several weakly expressed parameters. For the implementation of the selection algorithm, as well as the calculation of the probability of finding a useful source, the known methods of selection use the integration of multidimensional probability densities of random variables. Such a calculation requires high computational costs, as well as knowledge of the laws of probability density distribution of random variables used for breeding, which is difficult to implement in practice. In order to simplify multidimensional selection, it is proposed to use a selection method based on a complex criterion. The method of selection according to a complex criterion consists in calculating the functionals of the sources on the basis of their parameters, taking into account the weighted coefficients. Such a functional is essentially an application of the ordinary least squares method to obtain an estimate of the degree of compliance of the objects under consideration with specified conditions. And when using weighted coefficients to calculate the value of a complex criterion, less pronounced parameters of the useful signal make a smaller contribution when making the decision about the detection of a useful signal. This article focuses on analyzing the impact of a set of parameters used for selection according to a complex criterion.
Оценка качества сетевых графиков в управлении проектами
Authors: АБРАМОВ В.Г. , ГОРЯЧАЯ И.В. , ПУЧКИН Д.А.
Published: January 2025

В работе рассматривается сетевая модель проекта – сетевой график, являющийся ориентированным графом без контуров с ограничениями, которые вытекают из определения проекта. Одной из проблем сетевого планирования в управлении проектами является сравнительный анализ сетевых графиков, соответствующих одному проекту. Для решения этой проблемы необходимо иметь инструмент оценки качества каждого построенного для проекта сетевого графика. В работе предложен метод оценки качества сетевого графика проекта с помощью математического функционала, вычисляющего числовую характеристику, соответствующую конкретному графу. Данный функционал был получен на основе прямого анализа сетевых графиков с существенным использованием эвристик сетевого планирования в управлении проектами. Анализ графов проводился путем представления их в виде ярусно-параллельной формы и использования их ярусных срезов. Исследование показало, что увеличение числа операций сетевого графика приводит к резкому увеличению сложности прямого анализа, обусловленному комбинаторным взрывом числа единиц анализа. Поэтому построенный функционал был получен на основе анализа графов, отвечающих сетевым графикам с числом операций, не превышающим 6. Для оценки сетевых графиков с произвольным числом операций предлагается алгоритм, основанный на декомпозиции сетевого графика в подграфы с не более чем 6 вершинами. Использование алгоритма в совокупности с предложенным функционалом позволяет получать числовую оценку качества сетевого графика с произвольным количеством вершин.

The article regards network project which can be represented by directed acyclic graph with restrictions ensuing from project definition. The problem of planning in project management is the comparative analysis of networks of the single project. It needs to have a project network quality rating tool to solve this problem. Article proposes the network ranking method by mathematical functional calculating numerical characteristic of a concrete graph. This functional has received by direct analysis significantly using planning heuristics in project management. Graph analysis has carried out by its representing as multi-parallel form of graph and using its cuts. Investigation has showed that operation increasing leads to a sharp increasing in complexity because of combinatorial explosion of analysis units’ number. Therefore, obtained functional has received by graph analysis of networks having no more than 6 operations. To rate networks having more than 6 operations it offers algorithm based on decomposition network to graphs having no more 6 operations. Using the algorithm and obtained functional allows you to get numerical characteristic rating quality of network having an arbitrary number of vertices.
Factors impacting the epigenetic age in the indigenous population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors:   Ph.D., leading researcher, Research Center of the Medical Institute of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Ammosova E.P. , Klimova T.M. ,   Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Senior Researcher Research Center of the Medical Institute of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Senior Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Yakutsk Scientific Center for Complex Medical Problems, Semenov S.I. ,   MD, Leading Researcher, Research Center of the Medical Institute of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Terentyeva S.G. ,   junior researcher, Research Center of the Medical Institute of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Ivanchenko M.V. ,   Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, associate professor, deputy director, Research Institute of Biology of Aging, Head of Department, ChiefResearcher, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Kondakova E.V. ,   Ph.D. in Biology Sci., senior researcher, Research Institute of Neurosciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Researcher, Research Institute of Biology of Aging, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Sivtseva T.M. ,   Ph.D., Leading Researcher, Research Center of the Medical Institute of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Zakharova R.N. ,   Ph.D., leading researcher, Research Center of the Medical Institute of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: January 2025

The epigenetic clock used to assess biological age by the level of DNA methylation is a promising method for studying the influence of unfavorable factors on the rate of aging and the development of age-related pathologies. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between lifestyle factors and epigenetic age in the indigenous population of Yakutia. The study involved 113 respondents living in the central region of Yakutia, aged 18 to 99 years. The average age of the subjects was 66.9 ± 23.6 years. We analyzed factors that can affect the acceleration of epigenetic age: BMI, abdominal obesity, waist/height and waist/hip ratio, diet, physical inactivity, health status, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, insomnia, health status. The relationship of these factors with age - related acceleration calculated using 4 biological clock models was assessed: PhenoAge, Horvath DNAm, Hannum DNAm, GrimAge. A tendency towards acceleration of epigenetic age was revealed in respondents with a high body mass index, low physical activity and an impaired diet (prone to overeating, consumption of highly refined carbohydrates and high-calorie foods).
Keywords: epigenetic age, Horvath DNAm, PhenoAge, Hannum DNAm, GrimAge, age acceleration, Yakutia, indigenous population, aging, body mass index, nutrition.