bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Interaction of Bengkulu City Communities with Muhammadiyah Education in History Context
Authors: Novriadi Dedy , Misbah Siti , Syubli Syubli , Susilawati Nilda
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This research aims to analyze the interaction between the culture of the people of Bengkulu City and Muhammadiyah education from a historical perspective, especially related to the controversy over the acceptance of religious purification teachings and the contribution of Muhammadiyah education to traditions that have long existed in society. This research was carried out using a historical approach through information from the figures involved and knowing the history of the development of Muhammadiyah education in Bengkulu City and several other primary and secondary sources. The study results found that Muhammadiyah education in Bengkulu City began with a debate between Muhammadiyah figures and kaum tuo (the old generation). Muhammadiyah's teachings focus on the purification of Islamic teachings in the culture of the Bengkulu City community, which contained many mystical and polytheistic (shirk) elements. Finally, the approach of Muhammadiyah figures led to cultural interaction with Islamic teachings as long as they did not conflict with Islamic teachings in religious activities, death, marriage, art, music, and curriculum in Muhammadiyah educational institutions through local cultural content. This research has implications for developing a curriculum based on local cultural values ​​so that it can improve character and identity among students.
 
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis interaksi antara budaya masyarakat Kota Bengkulu dengan pendidikan Muhammadiyah dalam perspektif sejarah, khususnya terkait dengan kontroversi penerimaan ajaran pemurnian agama dan kontibusi pendidikan Muhammadiyah terhadap tradisi yang telah lama ada di masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah melalui informasi dari tokoh-tokoh yang terlibat dan mengetahui sejarah perkembangan pendidikan Muhammadiyah di Kota Bengkulu dan beberapa sumber primer dan sekunder lainnya. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa awal masuknya pendidikan muhammadiyah di Kota Bengkulu menjadi perdebatan antara tokoh muhammmadiyah dan kaum tuo (generasi tua) karena ajaran Muhammadiyah menginginkan adanya pemurnian ajaran Islam pada budaya masyarakat Kota Bengkulu yang banyak mengandung unsur mistik dan kesyirikan, dengan pendekatan tokoh Muhammadiyah akhirnya terjadi interaksi budaya dengan ajaran Islam sepanjang tidak bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam dalam aktivitas keagamaan, kematian, perkawinan seni, musik dan kurikulum di lembaga pendidikan muhammadiyah melalui muatan budaya lokal. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada pengembangan kurikulum yang berbasis nilai budaya lokal agar mampu meningkatkan karakter dan identitas di kalangan siswa.
Living Hadith: Concept, Role, and Development in Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Edriagus , Nana Gustianda  , Wendry Novizal , Arwansyah bin Kirin  , Zakiyah Zakiyah , Afrinaldi Afrinaldi , Syahidin Amal , Putra Alven
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the development and role of living Hadith in Indonesia. Using qualitative methods and a library research approach, this study highlights living Hadith research through the Dimensions website. The findings reveal that living Hadith plays a crucial role in bridging Islamic teachings with local culture, strengthening regional religious identities, and fostering harmony between religion and local wisdom. Additionally, this approach addresses the limitations of rigid and textual traditional normative methods by exploring the actualization of Hadith in social practices and traditions. Living Hadith research contributes to critically evaluating, improving, and reforming traditions to align with Islamic teachings while promoting religious moderation through tolerant, inclusive, and adaptive understandings of Indonesia's cultural diversity. Searches through Dimensions identified 220 scholarly articles on living Hadith, while VOSviewer analysis found 100 researchers contributing to this field. This study affirms that living Hadith development in Indonesia has significantly advanced since the early 2000s, driven by contributions from academics at UIN, IAIN, and STAIN. It highlights the importance of living Hadith in ensuring the relevance of Islam to contemporary changes while preserving the values of togetherness in a pluralistic society.
Sheikh Abdul Wahab Calau's Intellectual Practices: A Structuration Study in 19th-Century West Sumatra
Authors: Andoni Yudhi , Novi Yulia
Published: February 2025

This research examines the distinctive intellectual practices of Sheikh Abdul Wahab Calau at Surau Calau in Sijunjung during the mid-19th century. His contributions significantly enriched the intellectual landscape of Islam in Minangkabau, highlighting previously underexplored scholarly movements of the era. Employing historical methodologies—data collection, critical evaluation, classification, and historiographical analysis—this study contextualizes Calau (1830–1869) within his scholarly lineage, notably alongside Sheikh Burhanuddin Ulakan, a pivotal figure in the development of Tariga Syattariyah in the early 17th century. Calau's innovative pedagogical strategies reflected his personal experiences and adeptly mirrored and expanded the social structures of Surau Calau. Applying Giddens' structuration theory, this research vividly reveals the dynamic interplay between individual agency and social structures that facilitated intellectual transformation, keeping the audience engaged. Ultimately, Calau's authority derived from a robust scholarly genealogy, innovative teaching methods, and interpretative approaches to religious texts.
Pengaruh Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Materi SPLDV
Authors: Khoirunnisya Rachael , Inggrid Yurike Gabriella , Susanti Elsa , Sari Novita , Ilma Indra Putri Ratu
Published: February 2025

This research aims to investigate the relationship between critical thinking skills and communication skills on junior high school students' mathematical problem solving abilities. A total of 31 class VIII students were selected through simple random sampling as research subjects. To measure each ability, a test was carried out using essay questions which were then analyzed quantitatively using correlation and multiple regression analysis. From this research, the results obtained show that both the correlation between critical thinking and problem solving abilities and communication and problem solving abilities are both in the high category. The coefficient of determination test results obtained were 0.540, which means that the contribution of critical thinking abilities and mathematical communication skills together to problem solving abilities was 54%.
 
Penelitian ini ingin menyelidiki hubungan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemampuan komunikasi terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa SMP. Sebanyak 31 siswa kelas VIII dipilih melalui simple random sampling sebagai subjek penelitian. Untuk mengukur masing-masing kemampuan dilakukan tes menggunakan soal uraian yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan analisis korelasi dan regresi berganda. Dari penelitian ini didapati hasil bahwa baik korelasi antara kemampuan berpikir kritis dan keterampilan menyelesaikan masalah maupun kemampuan komunikasi dan keterampilan menyelesaikan masalah sama-sama berada pada kategori tinggi. Hasil uji koefisien determinasi diperoleh sebesar 0,540 yang maksudnya besarnya kontribusi kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemampuan komunikasi matematis secara bersama-sama terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah yaitu sebesar  54%.
Model Volatilitas Return Index Saham Syariah Indonesia Melalui Pendekatan Bayesian Markov Switching GARCH
Authors: Afnanda Afridho , Maiyastri Maiyastri , Devianto Dodi
Published: February 2025

Volatility is an important aspect of financial analysis that plays a crucial role in risk management and investment decision making. Modeling the volatility of financial asset prices is challenging due to its dynamic and complex nature. One approach used to address this problem is the GARCH model. In volatility problems, there is a tendency for structural changes in more complex data so that the GARCH model cannot be used, to overcome this, the Markov Switching GARCH (MS-GARCH) model is used to overcome the problem of changing the data structure. Furthermore, the Bayesian model is also used in combination with the MS-GARCH model to overcome the small sample size. This research uses Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) return data from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. From the comparison of the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) values to see the best model for forecasting ISSI data, the best model in forecasting ISSI data is the Bayesian MS-GARCH model with the smallest AIC value of -252.544 and BIC value of -237.0894, compared to the MS-GARCH model the AIC value is smaller than the Bayesian MS-GARCH model of -251.1048 and its BIC is -235.6502.
 
Volatilitas merupakah salah satu aspek penting dalam analisis keuangan yang memainkan peran krusial dalam manajemen resiko dan pengambilan keputusan investasi. Pemodelan volatilitas harga aset keuangan menjadi suatu tantangan karena sifatnya yang dinamis dan kompleks. Salah satu pendekatan yang digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini adalah model GARCH. Pada masalah volatilitas kecenderungan terjadinya perubahan struktur pada data yang lebih kompleks sehingga tidak bisa digunakan model GARCH, untuk mengatasi hal ini digunakan model Markov Switching GARCH (MS-GARCH) untuk mengatasi masalah perubahan struktur data. Selanjutnya digunakan juga model Bayesian yang dikombinasikan dengan model MS-GARCH untuk mengatasi jumlah sampel yang kecil. Penelitian ini menggunakan data return Index Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI) dari tanggal 1 Januari 2023 hingga 31 Desember 2023. Dari hasil perbandingan nilai Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) dan Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) melihat model terbaik untuk meramalkan data ISSI, diperoleh model terbaik dalam meramalkan data ISSI adalah model Bayesian MS-GARCH dengan nilai AIC yang terkecil yaitu sebesar -252,544 dan nilai BIC yaitu -237.0894, dibandingkan pada model MS-GARCH nilai AICnya lebih kecil dibandingkan model Bayesian MS-GARCH sebesar -251,1048 dan BIC nya sebesar -235.6502.
Analisis Jalur Pada Impor, Ekspor, dan Kurs Terhadap Inflasi dengan Cadangan Devisa sebagai Intervening Variable
Authors: Alma Wizsa Uqwatul , Dwi Rahayu Wikasanti , Handayani Deby
Published: February 2025

This study explores the relationship between imports, exports, and exchange rates on inflation, with foreign exchange reserves acting as an intervening variable, using path analysis methods. This research arises from the need to understand how foreign exchange reserves can mitigate the impact of external instability on inflation, a topic often overlooked in previous studies. Secondary data were collected from various official sources, including Bank Indonesia and Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), to analyze the variabels of import value (X1), export value (X2), exchange rate (X3), foreign exchange reserves (Y1), and inflation (Y2). Path analysis results show that import, export, and exchange rates have a significant impact on foreign exchange reserves, with a coefficient of determination (R²) 56.2%. Additionally, foreign exchange reserves play a crucial role in mediating this relationship, with a total determination coefficient (M) of 91.5% for the effect on inflation. This means that 91.5% of the variation in inflation can be explained by the combination of these variables. The study concludes that foreign exchange reserves are a one of key instrument in stabilizing inflation amid fluctuations in imports, exports, and exchange rates, and provides policy recommendations to strengthen foreign exchange reserves as a more effective economic stabilization strategy.
 
Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi keterkaitan antara impor, ekspor, dan kurs terhadap inflasi dengan cadangan devisa sebagai intervening variable, menggunakan metode analisis jalur. Penelitian ini berangkat dari kebutuhan untuk memahami bagaimana cadangan devisa dapat memitigasi dampak ketidakstabilan eksternal terhadap inflasi, yang sering kali kurang diperhatikan dalam studi sebelumnya. Data sekunder diperoleh dari berbagai sumber resmi, termasuk Bank Indonesia dan Badan Pusat Statistik, untuk menganalisis variabel nilai impor (X1), ekspor (X2), kurs (X3), cadangan devisa (Y1), dan inflasi (Y2). Hasil analisis jalur menunjukkan bahwa nilai impor, ekspor, dan kurs memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap cadangan devisa, dengan koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 56,2%. Selain itu, cadangan devisa terbukti memainkan peran penting dalam memediasi hubungan ini, dengan koefisien determinasi total (M) sebesar 91,5% untuk pengaruh terhadap inflasi. Artinya, 91,5% variasi inflasi dapat dijelaskan oleh kombinasi variabel-variabel ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa cadangan devisa merupakan salah satu instrumen kunci dalam menstabilkan inflasi di tengah fluktuasi impor, ekspor, dan kurs, serta memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan untuk memperkuat cadangan devisa sebagai strategi stabilisasi ekonomi yang lebih efektif
Hubungan Sebab-Akibat Kecerdasan Interpersonal Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik: SEM-PLS
Authors: Pitri Rizka , Irawan Miranda Dimas , Rassiyanti Linda
Published: February 2025

Interpersonal intelligence is a person's ability to work together and understand between individuals with others. The utilization of interpersonal intelligence in mathematics learning will have an impact on improving the quality of learning outcomes. However, currently the social interaction that occurs in educational units is still low. Thus, resulting in low quality of learning outcomes. Based on this, an analysis is needed to measure the causal relationship between interpersonal intelligence and learning outcomes using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)-PLS. This study used 75 samples of grade X students at SMAN Martapura. The purpose of this research is to see the cause-and-effect relationship between interpersonal intelligence and learning outcomes. The method used was SEM-PLS method. The instruments used in the study consisted of essay questions and interpersonal intelligence questionnaire. This study shows that there is a significant causal relationship between interpersonal intelligence and students' learning outcomes in mathematics.
 
Kecerdasan interpersonal merupakan suatu kemampuan seseorang dalam bekerja sama dan memahami antar individual dengan yang lainnya. Pemanfaatan kecerdasan interpersonal dalam pembelajaran matematika akan berdampak pada peningkatan kualitas hasil belajar. Namun, saat ini interaksi sosial yang terjadi di satuan pendidikan masih rendah. Sehingga, mengakibatkan rendahnya kualitas hasil belajar. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, diperlukan suatu analisis untuk mengukur hubungan sebab-akibat antara kecerdasan interpersonal terhadap hasil belajar menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)-PLS. Penelitian ini menggunakan 75 sampel siswa kelas X di SMAN Martapura. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat hubungan sebab-akibat antara kecerdasan interpersonal terhadap hasil belajar. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode SEM-PLS. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian terdiri dari soal essay dan angket kecerdasan interpersonal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan sebab-akibat yang signifikan antara kecerdasan interpersonal terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik di bidang matematika.
The Role of Grammar in Learning-Teaching English: EFL Learnersâ€™ Belief
Authors: Arif Nely - , Eddy Haryanto  , Rosinta Norawati  , Sri Wachyuni  , Duti Volya
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
This research aims to investigate the learners' beliefs dealing with the role of grammar in learning-teaching English at one State University in Jambi. The population of this study included English study program students at FKIP, Universitas Jambi, with the sample consisting of second-, third- and fourth-year students who have taken grammar courses. The questionnaire was used to get the quantitative data. To support the discussion of the findings obtained quantitatively, the interviews with 3 participants were conducted. Data of questionnaire were analyzed by Google Form Statistic and Excel Aplication. Meanwhile, qualitative data from interviews were analyzed with the help of the NVivo application. The data strongly indicate that EFL learners at the university where this research was conducted hold a shared belief in the crucial role of English grammar in their learning process. The specific emphasis is on writing skills, especially in academic and formal contexts. It provides valuable insights for language educators and policymakers in tailoring effective language education strategies for these learners.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki keyakinan peserta didik yang berhubungan dengan peran tata bahasa dalam belajar-mengajar bahasa Inggris di salah satu Universitas Negeri di Jambi. Populasi penelitian ini meliputi mahasiswa program studi bahasa Inggris di FKIP Universitas Jambi, dengan sampel terdiri dari mahasiswa tahun kedua, ketiga dan keempat yang telah mengambil mata kuliah tata bahasa. Kuesioner digunakan untuk mendapatkan data kuantitatif. Untuk mendukung pembahasan temuan yang diperoleh secara kuantitatif, dilakukan wawancara dengan 3 partisipan. Data kuesioner dianalisis dengan Google Form Statistic dan Excel Aplication. Sementara itu, data kualitatif hasil wawancara dianalisis dengan bantuan aplikasi NVivo. Data tersebut secara jelas menunjukkan bahwa pelajar EFL di universitas tempat penelitian ini dilakukan memiliki keyakinan bersama akan peran penting tata bahasa Inggris dalam proses pembelajaran mereka. Penekanan khusus adalah pada keterampilan menulis, terutama dalam konteks akademik dan formal. Ini memberikan wawasan berharga bagi pengajar bahasa dan pembuat kebijakan dalam menyesuaikan strategi pendidikan bahasa yang efektif untuk pelajar ini
Using VoA (Voice of America) to Improve Speaking Abilities of Autism Students in Learning English
Authors: Hamzah Amir
Published: February 2025

This research explained the English Language learning in the context of improving speaking abilities of autism students using VoA (Voice of America). Voice of America (VOA) is interactive media universal broadcaster possessed by the Joined together States government, which has broadcast different programs in 53 dialects since 1942 based in Washington, DC. This research focused in fourth grades of Banyuates Special School in 2023/2024 academic year who were taught using of media VoA Learning English in Website. This research is a quantitative research which also applied quasi experimental research which aims at finding out the effectiveness of using VoA as a Learning English website to improve the autistic student's speaking ability. This research involves two groups that were observed; they were experimental group and control group. The data were gathered for finding out the effectiveness of using VoA as a Learning English website to improve the autistic student's speaking ability. The finding showed that the use of VoA Learning English is effective through comparing the data between the experimental group and the control group in which it got < 0.05, which means H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. It can be concluded that the VoA Learning English is effective as a medium in the teaching and learning process to improve students' speaking skills if the significant tailed results are < 0.05
Abstrak
Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris untuk meningkatkan   kemampuan berbicara siswa autis dengan menggunakan VoA (Voice of America) Voice of America (VOA) dapat diartikan sebagai media penyiaran interaktif yang dimiliki oleh pemerintah Amerika Serikat yang telah menyiarkan berbagai program dalam 53 dialek sejak tahun 1942 yang berpusat di Washington DC. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada siswa kelas IV Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) Negeri Banyuates tahun ajaran 2023/2024 yang diajar dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran bahasa Inggris berbasis website. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode quasi eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media VoA dalam website pembelajaran bahasa Inggris untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa autis. Penelitian ini melibatkan dua kelompok yang diamati dalam desain penelitian ini yakni kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok control. Penelitiian ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan data terkait dengan efektivitas penggunaan VoA sebagai situs web pembelajaran bahasa Inggris untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa autis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan VoA efektif yang diketahui dengan cara membandingkan hasil nilai antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol dan mendapatkan hasil < 0,05 yang berarti H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa VoA Learning English efektif sebagai media dalam proses belajar mengajar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa jika hasil signifikan tailed < 0.05.
 
Kata Kunci : Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris, siswa autis, VoA (Voice of America)
Indonesian Tourism Village Potentials, Marketing Strategies And Language: A Case of Wringinsongo Village
Authors: Agustina Hiqma Nur , Anyassari Nugrahaningtyas Fatma , Fauzia Maya Rizki
Published: February 2025

Realizing that each human being is naturally gifted with numerous talents, the objective of the study is to identify the potentials of Wringinsongo village and the marketing strategies the village has implemented to realize a tourism village. Wringinsongo village has abundant natural and human resources waiting to be explored, namely Sumberingin swimming pond, multipurpose building, natural clean water source, and local products such as traditional drinks made from turmeric, banana and papaya chips, as well as Jemblem, a traditional snack made from fried cassava. This study employed a descriptive qualitative design. The data collection methods were in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings revealed that due to some changes in management, the BUMDes has yet to be able to apply optimal marketing strategies. Furthermore, the village did not have any promotional videos or social media. The marketing strategies using a language approach were used to spread information about Wringinsongo village and its potential. It is expected that the village management will implement marketing strategies that use a language approach more frequently to support the development of Wringinsongo village into a tourism village. The marketing strategy using a language approach is to use attractive captions containing information about the facilities, infrastructure, and various potentials of Wringinsongo Village.
Abstrak
Menyadari bahwa setiap manusia secara alami memiliki berbagai bakat, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi Desa Wringinsongo dan strategi pemasaran desa yang telah diterapkan untuk mewujudkan desa wisata. Desa Wringinsogo memiliki sumber daya alam dan manusia yang melimpah untuk dijelajahi, yaitu kolam renang Sumberingin, gedung serbaguna, sumber air bersih alami, dan produk lokal seperti minuman tradisional yang terbuat dari kunyit, pisang dan keripik pepaya serta Jemblem, camilan tradisional yang terbuat dari singkong goreng. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Temuan mengungkapkan sehubungan dengan beberapa perubahan dalam manajemen, BUMDes belum dapat menerapkan strategi pemasaran yang optimal. Selain itu, desa tidak memiliki video promosi atau media sosial, strategi pemasaran menggunakan pendekatan bahasa, untuk menyebarkan informasi tentang desa Wringinsongo dan potensinya. Diharapkan manajemen desa dapat menerapkan strategi pemasaran yang menggunakan pendekatan bahasa lebih sering untuk mendukung pengembangan Desa Wringinsongo menjadi desa wisata. Strategi pemasaran menggunakan pendekatan Bahasa adalah dengan menggunakan caption yang menarik berisi informasi tentang sarana, prasarana dan berbagai potensi yang dimiliki oleh Desa Wringinsongo.
Connotative Meaning in “Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep” Poem by Mary Elizabeth Frye
Authors: Syazwina Alika , Sitompul Jui Fasco Rini , Fitriyah Fitriyah
Published: February 2025

Connotative meaning refers to the additional meanings associated with a word beyond its literal definition, often carrying positive or negative values. This research aims to analyze the connotative, or hidden, meanings in the poem “Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep” by Mary Elizabeth Frye. The study employs a qualitative research method to analyze the data. It utilizes Leech's theory to explore the connotative meanings within the poem. Each phrase and couplet in “Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep” was categorized based on its connotative meaning, and the specific aspects of each connotative word were identified. Following the analysis, the researchers provided explanations for the data and drew conclusions based on their findings. As a result, 12 distinct connotative meanings were discovered in this poem. In conclusion, connotative meaning differs from literal meaning found in a dictionary, and it can sometimes be more challenging to decipher the hidden significance behind it.
AbstrakMakna konotatif merujuk pada makna tambahan yang dikaitkan dengan sebuah kata di luar definisi literalnya, yang sering kali membawa nilai positif atau negatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makna konotatif, atau makna tersembunyi, dalam puisi "Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep" oleh Mary Elizabeth Frye. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif untuk menganalisis data. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan teori Leech untuk mengeksplorasi makna konotatif dalam puisi tersebut. Setiap frasa dan bait dalam "Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep" dikategorikan berdasarkan makna konotatifnya, dan aspek spesifik dari setiap kata konotatif diidentifikasi. Setelah analisis, para peneliti memberikan penjelasan untuk data dan menarik kesimpulan berdasarkan temuan mereka. Hasilnya, 12 makna konotatif yang berbeda ditemukan dalam puisi ini. Sebagai kesimpulan, makna konotatif berbeda dari makna literal yang ditemukan dalam kamus, dan terkadang lebih sulit untuk menguraikan makna tersembunyi di baliknya.Kata Kunci: Puisi, Konotatif, Denotatif
The Intrinsic Elements Analysis on Developing the Character and Theme in Film “Joker”
Authors: Oktaviano Revandy Cekha , Ramiro Jonathan , Fitriyah
Published: February 2025

One of the essential components of film is the intrinsic elements. The purpose of the research is to analyse the intrinsic elements of Joker film and the influences of those intrinsic elements on developing the character and the theme of Joker film directed by Todd Phillips. This research used the qualitative method as its research design and the structuralism approach as the tool for analysing the data. The data of this research were taken from dialogues and narrations of Joker's (2019) film script directed by Todd Phillips. Joker is a thriller film that focuses its theme on critiques of society's indifference and the institutions that overlook vulnerable individuals, particularly those struggling with mental health challenges. As a result, this research showed the intrinsic elements of Joker film consisting of plot (exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution), characters (Arthur Fleck/Joker, Murray Franklin, Penny Fleck, Sophie Dumond), setting (place: Gotham City, The Comedy Club), and point of view which was taken from Arthur’s, theme (mental illness and society neglect, alienation and isolation, identity and transformation, the role of violence in society). Joker film reflects on the importance of empathy and community in addressing the needs of individuals who are suffering.
Abstrak Salah satu komponen penting dari sebuah film adalah unsur-unsur intrinsiknya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis unsur-unsur intrinsik film Joker dan pengaruh unsur-unsur intrinsik tersebut terhadap pengembangan karakter dan tema film Joker yang disutradarai oleh Todd Phillips. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif sebagai desain penelitiannya dan pendekatan strukturalisme sebagai alat untuk menganalisis data. Data penelitian ini diambil dari dialog dan narasi naskah film Joker (2019) yang disutradarai oleh Todd Phillips. Joker adalah film thriller yang memfokuskan temanya pada kritik terhadap ketidakpedulian masyarakat dan lembaga-lembaga yang mengabaikan individu-individu yang rentan, terutama mereka yang berjuang dengan tantangan kesehatan mental. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan unsur intrinsik film Joker yang terdiri dari alur (eksposisi, rising action, klimaks, dropping action, dan resolusi), karakter (Arthur Fleck/Joker, Murray Franklin, Penny Fleck, Sophie Dumond), latar (tempat: Gotham City, The Comedy Club), dan sudut pandang yang diambil dari tema Arthur (penyakit mental dan pengabaian masyarakat, alienasi dan isolasi, identitas dan transformasi, peran kekerasan dalam masyarakat). Dalam film Joker merefleksikan pentingnya empati dan komunitas dalam mengatasi kebutuhan individu yang sedang menderita.Kata kunci: unsur intrinsik, deskriptif kualitatif, film, joker.
Conflicts at the Intersection of Nature, Well-being, and Social Relationships in Wilde's The Devoted Friend
Authors: Mendrofa Melania , Sudiman Jovanna Mazella
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the complex interplay between nature, well-being, and social relationships, focusing on understanding how social dynamics can undermine the positive effects of nature on individual well-being. The research seeks to answer the primary question: How do social relationships influence the impact of nature on well-being? Using Oscar Wilde’s short story, The Devoted Friend, as a case study, this research employs descriptive textual analysis to examine the character of Hans and his relationship with nature, highlighting the harmful effects of social exploitation. The concept of intersectionality is applied to analyze how overlapping social pressures within nature-related experiences can negatively affect well-being. Key findings reveal that while nature-related activities, such as gardening, are widely recognized for their psychological benefits, the influence of toxic social interactions can erode these benefits, leading to submissive behaviors and well-being deterioration. The research concludes that addressing these social challenges is crucial for fully realizing the positive impacts of nature. The study’s implications suggest the need for a deeper understanding of how social dynamics intersect with environmental experiences, calling for strategies to mitigate the adverse effects and enhance well-being.Abstrak Penelitian ini menyelidiki keterkaitan kompleks antara alam, kesejahteraan, dan hubungan sosial, dengan fokus pada pemahaman bagaimana dinamika sosial dapat merusak efek positif alam terhadap kesejahteraan individu. Penelitian ini berupaya menjawab pertanyaan utama: Bagaimana hubungan sosial mempengaruhi dampak alam terhadap kesejahteraan? Dengan menggunakan cerita pendek karya Oscar Wilde, The Devoted Friend, sebagai studi kasus, penelitian ini menerapkan analisis tekstual deskriptif untuk meneliti karakter Hans dan hubungannya dengan alam, menyoroti dampak merugikan dari eksploitasi sosial. Konsep interseksionalitas diterapkan untuk menganalisis bagaimana tekanan sosial yang saling tumpang tindih dalam pengalaman yang berkaitan dengan alam dapat berdampak negatif pada kesejahteraan. Temuan utama mengungkapkan bahwa meskipun kegiatan yang terkait dengan alam, seperti berkebun, secara luas diakui memberikan manfaat psikologis, pengaruh interaksi sosial yang beracun dapat merusak manfaat tersebut, yang pada akhirnya mengarah pada perilaku tunduk dan penurunan kesejahteraan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa mengatasi tantangan sosial ini sangat penting untuk mewujudkan dampak positif alam secara penuh. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan perlunya pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang bagaimana dinamika sosial beririsan dengan pengalaman lingkungan, dan menyerukan adanya strategi untuk mengurangi dampak negatif serta meningkatkan kesejahteraan.Kata Kunci: Interseksionalitas, Kesejahteraan, Alam, Hubungan sosial
Enclaves of Isolation: Violence and Political Participation in U.S. Cities
Authors: Jones Rebekah
Published: February 2025

Does residential proximity to violence mobilize or depress individuals for political action?While many ethnographic studies have shed light on the various forms of social isolation that characterize high-violence American urban neighborhoods, the democratic implications of proximate exposure to violence have not been well understood. Merging voter files in U.S. cities and geocoded crime data, I test whether living in close proximity to sites of homicides affects ones likelihood of voting in federal elections. Employing a regression discontinuity in time (RDiT) design, I provide evidence that close residential proximity to homicide depresses turnout by roughly four to nine percentage points, with the strongest results being in plurality black block groups with a black victim. In further mechanism tests, I analyze 1) foot-traffic data aggregated by census block groups to examine how violent exposure affects population movement and 2) crime-linked survey data. Together, the analyses provide significant evidence that the unequal psychological burden of fear, shaped by an individual’s perception of their risk of victimization, may drive observed effects. Generally, I consider how persistently high and geographically concentrated rates of lethal violence in the United States shape patterns of political participation in race-class subjugated communities and democratic health more broadly.
(Mis)Matching Expectations: The Effects of Claimant Gender Identity and Harassment Form on Perceptions of Sexual Harassment Claims
Authors: Mezzapelle Jennifer L. , Reiman Anna
Published: February 2025

Laypeople often assume a typical sexual harassment incident involves a cisgender man directing sexual advances toward a cisgender woman. Alternatively, when people learn that a transgender woman was sexually harassed, they tend to assume she experienced gender harassment. How are harassment claims that do not match these expectations evaluated? In two preregistered studies, participants (N = 630 and 638) read a social media post from a transgender or assumed cisgender woman who experienced unwanted sexual attention or gender harassment at work. Regardless of harassment form, transgender (vs. assumed cisgender) women were more likely to be rated as complainers and as overreacting (Studies 1-2) and elicited less empathy (Study 2). Additionally, participants in both studies were less likely to label gender harassment (vs. unwanted sexual attention) as sexual harassment. How sexual harassment claims are evaluated may have serious consequences for the (lack of) support claimants receive when speaking up about harassment.
A rebuttal of two common deflationary stances against LLM cognition
Authors: Hussain Zak , Mata Rui , Wulff Dirk U.
Published: February 2025

Large language models (LLMs) are arguably the most predictive models of human cognition available. Despite their impressive human-alignment, LLMs are often labeled as "*just* next-token predictors" that purportedly fall short of genuine cognition. We argue that these deflationary claims need further justification. Drawing on prominent cognitive and artificial intelligence research, we critically evaluate two forms of "Justaism" that dismiss LLM cognition by labeling LLMs as "just" simplistic entities without specifying or substantiating the critical capacities they supposedly lack. Our analysis highlights the need for a more measured discussion of LLM cognition, aiming to better inform future research and the development of artificial intelligence.
Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Ilmenite Exsolutions in Titanomagnetite and Their Implications for the Ore-Forming Process at the Damiao Deposit
Authors: Wang Kaiyuan , He Hongtao , Shi Wenjie
Published: February 2025

The Damiao Fe-Ti-P deposit, located within the Damiao anorthosite complex in northeastern China, features Fe-Ti oxide ores and nelsonites that occur as irregularly inclined stratiform-like bodies, lenses, or veins with sharp contacts against anorthosite and gabbronorite. This deposit is characterized by abundant titanomagnetite that hosts diverse ilmenite exsolution textures, including blocky, lamellar, and cloth-like forms. In this study, we investigate the geochemistry and mineralogy of ilmenite exsolutions in titanomagnetite to understand their formation mechanisms and implications for the ore-forming process. Detailed petrographic observations and electron microprobe analyses reveal that the exsolution textures result from multiple mechanisms: oxy-exsolution due to titanomagnetite oxidation; subsolidus re-equilibration between magnetite and ilmenite involving elemental diffusion of Fe, Ti, Cr, Co, and Ni; and exsolution related to lattice defects caused by rapid cooling. Thermodynamic modeling using Gibbs free energy calculations and the QUILF program indicates that blocky, lamellar, and cloth-textured ilmenite exsolutions formed at temperatures above and below the solid solution solvus under decreasing oxygen fugacity. Additionally, our results indicate that the exsolution of zircon and pleonaste at ilmenite grain boundaries is attributed to the saturation and precipitation of elements like Zr and Al, due to the oxidation of titanomagnetite, rather than interactions between ilmenite and adjacent clinopyroxene. Reconstruction of the cooling history suggests that the oxygen fugacity of oxide-apatite gabbronorites was significantly higher than that of Fe-Ti-P ores. This confirms that increasing oxygen fugacity during magma evolution promoted immiscibility, leading to the formation of nelsonitic melts and ultimately the development of Fe-Ti-P ores.
Belonging to the General and LGBTQ+ Communities: Their Role in the Link Between Attachment and Depression in Sexual Minority U.S. Adults
Authors: Bergey Abigail Evonne , Blagov Pavel S. , Olivia Liponis BA
Published: February 2025

Minority stress increases the risk of insecure attachment and mental health problems in sexual minority individuals, whereas a sense of belonging—particularly to the LGBTQ+ Community—serves as a protective factor. This study aimed to enhance the understanding of attachment security and belonging as protective factors against depression in LGBTQ+ adults. Using a correlational, survey-based design (N = 364), we examined whether a sense of belonging (SOB) to the LGBTQ+ community mediates the association between attachment security and depression and whether this mediation varies across levels of SOB to the general community. Regression model results generated with Hayes’s PROCESS macro for SPSS indicated that SOB to the LGBTQ+ Community mediated the negative association between attachment security and depression, providing support for this protective mechanism and conceptually replicating prior research. No evidence emerged that this mediation effect varied with SOB to the general community. Exploratory analyses suggested that anxious and avoidant attachment may differ in the extent to which SOB to the LGBTQ+ and general communities mediate their relationships with depression. Despite appropriate statistical power, the study’s cross-sectional nature limits causal inferences. The findings have implications for addressing health inequities, increasing access to LGBTQ+ Community resources, and promoting LGBTQ+ well-being.
Language Without Borders: A Step-by-Step Guide to Analyzing Webcam Eye-Tracking Data for L2 Research
Authors: Geller Jason , Colby Sarah Elizabeth , Prystauka Yanina , Drouin Julia R.
Published: February 2025

Eye-tracking has become a valuable tool for studying cognitive processes in second language (L2) acquisition and bilingualism (Godfroid et al., 2024). While research-grade infrared eye-trackers are commonly used, there are a number of issues that limit its wide-spread adoption. Recently, consumer-based webcam eye-tracking has emerged as an attractive alternative, requiring only internet access and a personal webcam. However, webcam eye-tracking presents unique design and preprocessing challenges that must be addressed for valid results. To help researchers overcome these challenges, we developed a comprehensive tutorial focused on visual world webcam eye-tracking for L2 language research. Our guide will cover all key steps, from design to data preprocessing and analysis, where we highlight the R package `webgazeR`, which is open source and freely available for download and installation: https://github.com/jgeller112/webgazeR. We offer best practices for environmental conditions, participant instructions, and tips for designing visual world experiments with webcam eye-tracking. To demonstrate these steps, we analyze data collected through the Gorilla platform (Anwyl-Irvine et al., 2020) using a single word Spanish visual world paradigm (VWP) and show competition within and between L2/L1. This tutorial aims to empower researchers by providing a step-by-step guide to successfully conduct visual world webcam-based eye-tracking studies. To follow along with this tutorial, please download the entire manuscript and its accompanying code with data from here: https://github.com/jgeller112/L2_VWP_Webcam.
Are Beliefs about “Being a Man” Associated with White American Men’s Self-Perceptions about Confronting Racism?
Authors: Simon Stefanie , Reiman Anna
Published: February 2025

We examined the relationship between White American men’s endorsement of precarious manhood (i.e., the belief that manhood is a status that must be earned, needs to be demonstrated in public, and can be lost) and their beliefs about confronting racism targeting Black people. Three preregistered studies revealed that White men from the U.S. who scored higher on precarious manhood beliefs were less motivated to confront racism (Studies 1 & 3; Ns=398 & 447), reported they would view themselves negatively if they confronted racism (Studies 1-3), and reported more negative attitudes toward Black people in general (Study 3). Exploratory free-response data from Study 2 (N=366) showed that the more strongly White men endorsed precarious manhood, the less likely they were to report they would feel proud of themselves for confronting racism. Together, these findings suggest that White men’s precarious manhood beliefs may represent a hindrance to confronting racism.
Exploring the Convergence of Curiosity across Behavioural Tasks and Personality Trait Questionnaires
Authors: Jach Hayley
Published: February 2025

Curiosity is considered a critical motivational force and virtue that encourages innovation and learningand drives us to explore the unknown. Psychologists tend to measure curiosity via behavioural tasks orvia self-report personality trait questionnaires, and each measurement method has particular strengthsand findings related to curiosity’s predictors, putative mechansims, and outcomes. Although behavioural and self-report trait measures of curiosity have rarely been assessed within the same study, recent years have seen the beginning of such an endeavour, and this integration could permit cross-pollination of ideas and hypotheses for future research. After providing a brief review of behavioral and self-report measures of curiosity, I summarise how current evidence supports only mild overlap between the two measurement methods, with positive relations depending on the particular task measure and particular facet of trait curiosity chosen. Divergence between task and trait measures could suggest different cognitive/emotional mechanisms supporting the need to know. Employing multiple personality trait measures with behavioural tasks can help to gain an understanding of the boundaries, inconsistencies, and similarities between different measurements of curiosity.
ANCOVA versus Change Score for the Analysis of Two-Wave Data: An Overview of Different Modeling Decisions
Authors: Lüdtke Oliver , Robitzsch Alexander
Published: February 2025

There is an ongoing debate on whether the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) or the change score approach is more appropriate when analyzing nonexperimental pre-post designs. In this article, we use a structural modeling perspective to clarify the different assumptions that are made by the ANCOVA and the change score approaches to identify the causal effect of a treatment variable. We show that the change score approach offers the option of controlling for unobserved confounders but relies on strong assumptions about the effects of these unobserved confounders and does not allow for dynamic causal relationships. By contrast, the ANCOVA approach is based on a selection-on-observables approach and assumes that all relevant confounders are measured. Furthermore, we illustrate conditions under which the two approaches give lower and upper bounds of the true treatment effect, and we discuss the role of measurement error. Implications for the analysis of nonexperimental two-wave data are discussed.
Trust learning in the repeated Trust Game: a meta-analytic study
Authors: Duncan Caitlin , Sganzerla Lorena , Kaltwasser Laura , Dziobek Isabel
Published: February 2025

Trust involves making oneself vulnerable by relying on the expectation that others will reciprocate and act in a trustworthy manner, leading to mutual benefit. In behavioral economics and psychology, the Trust Game is a widely used paradigm to measure trust. The repeated Trust Game is a modified version of the Trust Game in which participants encounter the same partner(s) multiple times, allowing for reputation and trust learning. The aim of the present meta analysis was to identify features of the repeated Trust Game, participant characteristics, and manipulations of partner trustworthiness that affect trust learning. This is the first meta-analytic study to specifically assess trust learning in the repeated Trust Game and included 404 effect sizes from over 8,000 participants from 68 studies. Our findings indicate that the partners’ behavioral trustworthiness, in the form of their reciprocation rate, is by far the most influential factor in participant trust learning (β = 3.0). Furthermore, the results reveal that manipulating prior information about partners can have an effect on the amount of learning, but only for manipulations of trustworthiness/morality. Notably, in ingroup-outgroup studies, participants learn from their partners’ trustworthiness and it is not affected by their partners’ group membership.