bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictions for Central Lymph Node Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma via CNN-Based Fusion Modeling of Ultrasound Images
Authors: Chen Yong , Wang Yanyan , Cai Zihong , Jiang Mian
Published: July 2021

The diagnosis of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is very important for the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), which remains highly subjective and depends on clinical experience. Traditional method based on radiomics tumor feature (RTF) extraction and classifications has its shortages to predict the CLNM and increase the possibility of over-diagnosis and over-treatment leading for PTC. In this paper, a convolutional neural network (CNN) based fusion modeling method is proposed for predictions of CLNM in ultrasound-negative patients with PTC. A CNN and a RTF extraction based random forest (RF) classifier are trained on the context image patches and tumor image patches, and the probability outputs from these two models are combined for predicting the CLNM. It is validated that the proposed method has better diagnostic performance than the conventional method on the test set. The area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the method in predicting CLNM are 0.9228, 83.09%, 86.17%, and 81.46%, respectively. It has the prospect to apply to diagnose ultrasound (US) images with the machine-learning diagnostic system.
An Object Detection Framework Based on Deep Features and High-Quality Object Locations
Authors: Guan Yurong , Aamir Muhammad , Hu Zhihua , Dayo Zaheer Ahmed , Rahman Ziaur , Abro Waheed Ahmed , Soothar Permanand
Published: July 2021

Objection detection has long been a fundamental issue in computer vision. Despite being widely studied, it remains a challenging task in the current body of knowledge. Many researchers are eager to develop a more robust and efficient mechanism for object detection. In the extant literature, promising results are achieved by many novel approaches of object detection and classification. However, there is ample room to further enhance the detection efficiency. Therefore, this paper proposes an image object detection and classification, using a deep neural network (DNN) for based on high-quality object locations. The proposed method firstly derives high-quality class-independent object proposals (locations) through computing multiple hierarchical segments with super pixels. Next, the proposals were ranked by region score, i.e., several contours wholly enclosed in the proposed region. After that, the top-ranking object proposal was adopted for post-classification by the DNN. During the post-classification, the network extracts the eigenvectors from the proposals, and then maps the features with the softmax classifier, thereby determining the class of each object. The proposed method was found superior to traditional approaches through an evaluation on Pascal VOC 2007 Dataset.
Throughput Optimization of Parallel Sensing and Energy Harvesting Cognitive Radio Network
Authors: Bujunuru Anitha , Tadisetty Srinivasulu
Published: July 2021

In cognitive radio, throughput of secondary user (SU) will depend on spectrum sensing performance and available power of secondary user to transmits data. As the secondary user dissipates energy for spectrum sensing operation and to maintain cooperation among multiple SUs can results in reduction of transmission power. To compensate this energy, an energy harvesting technique has introduced in cognitive radio by which SU can harvest energy from primary (PU) signal and this harvested energy will be utilized to transmit its data and increases the lifetime. In a traditional Energy Harvesting Cognitive Radio Network (EHCRN), SU can perform sensing and harvesting in separate slots which decrease the transmission time of secondary user results in reduction in throughput. To enhance the throughput of secondary user, a parallel operation of spectrum sensing and energy harvesting has been discussed. This parallel operation results in reduction of energy consumption and increases harvested energy that makes more energy to be available for transmission, which results in an increase of SU throughput. Simulation results using MATLAB shows that the proposed Parallel Sensing and Energy Harvesting CRN have improved the throughput compared to Traditional Energy Harvesting CRN and are analyzed with different parameters.
Frontal Cortex Neuron Type Classification with Deep Learning and Recurrence Plot
Authors: Özcan Fatma , Alkan Ahmet
Published: July 2021

One of the goals of neural decoding in neuroscience is to create Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) that use nerve signals. In this context, we are interested in the activity of nerve cells. It is possible to classify nerve cells as excitatory or inhibitors by evaluating individual extra-cellular measurements taken from the frontal cortex of rats. Classification of neurons with only spike timing values has not been studied before, with deep learning, without knowing all of the wave properties and the intercellular interactions. In this study, inter-spike interval values of individual neuronal spike sequences were converted into recurrence plot images to analyze as point processing, image features were extracted using the pre-trained AlexNet with CNN deep learning method, and frontal cortex nerve cell type classification was made. Kernel classification, SVM, Naive Bayes, Ensemble, decision trees classification methods were used. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity evaluate the proposed methods. A success of more than 81% has been achieved. Thus, the cell type is defined automatically. It has been observed that the ISI properties of spike trains can carry out information on cell type and thus neural network activity. Under these circumstances, these values are significant and important for neuroscientists.
Recognition and Classification of Concrete Cracks under Strong Interference Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Zhao Ningyu , Jiang Yang , Song Yi
Published: July 2021

This paper proposes the UmNet model based on convolutional neutral network (CNN), aiming to improve the ability to recognize and classify concrete cracks in a background complicated by construction seams and seepage traces. The model was derived from the famous CNN AlexNet. Without changing the receptive field, large convolutional kernels were replaced with small ones to reduce the parameters, deepen the network, and increase nonlinear transforms. Next, convolutional block attention module (CBAM) was introduced to highlight the key information in images and focus on high-weight channels. Finally, Bayesian network (BN) layer and L2 regularization were added, and the number of nodes in fully connected layer were reduced. A series of comparative experiments were carried out on three datasets D, P, and W. The results show that the proposed UmNet surpassed AlexNet in the recognition accuracy on D, P, and W by 3.74%, 3.17%, and 5.74%, respectively, and reduced the number of parameters by 75.04%. Therefore, our model is an effective means to recognize and classify of concrete cracks under strong interference.
Reducing "Treble" with Performance Focused Music Programs in Medical School
Authors:   University of Nebraska, Tu Alexander , Truong Tiffany , Carlson Kristy , Brooks Matthew , Dowdall Jayme
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The beneficial impact of performing arts involvement within undergraduate medical education, such as music, has been studied, but support for the arts varies significantly by institution. Research has suggested that medical student involvement in the arts can help develop their identities as physicians and may reduce stress and burnout, an increasingly difficult problem within the medical student community. Methods: We used a mixed-method cross-sectional study design, using a questionnaire and semi-structured interview designed amongst a team of music professionals and healthcare providers with music backgrounds. Out of 511 enrolled medical students, 93 students participated in the study for a response rate of 18.2%. Questions were piloted among eight medical students, with modifications made in response to feedback. Participants were recruited to participate in an online survey via social media. Results: Within our sample, the most popular background instrument was piano (58.5%) and voice (50.0%). Of those who responded, most preferred to perform alone (85.7%) or in small groups (51.4%). 78.8% of respondents agreed that music was essential to their wellbeing. Only 62.5% of the respondents with musical backgrounds still play music or sing. Of those who no longer play music, 90.5% of respondents reported time constraint as the limiting factor, followed by lack of access to instruments (42.9%). Conclusion: This study suggests there are diverse music backgrounds and interests amongst the medical student population. Although most participants believed music was a form of stress relief, undergraduate medical training demands impose time restrictions on student engagement. Investments in music programs that enable adequate involvement and meet student demand have the potential to improve medical student engagement with the arts, alleviate stress, and may even lead to stronger/more empathetic physicians. Periodic needs assessments may be a powerful tool to better align programming to address student desires and reduce barriers.
Ativismo Judicial, Princípio da Eficiência e Litigiosidade Repetitiva: Análise da Atuação do Judiciário na Efetivação dos Direitos Sociais
Authors: Da Silva Marcelo Gonçalves
Published: July 2021

O presente ensaio versa sobre o ativismo judicial, o princípio da eficiência e litigiosidade repetitiva, cujo corte epistemológico situa-se na análise crítica do Poder Judiciário, seu papel e funcionalidade. Esta temática é de suma importância, haja vista a crise político - institucional que o país atravessa, e pela própria necessidade de se buscar soluções científicas ao problema. A hipótese afirma que sem a aplicação prática da Constituição como técnica de efetivação de direitos sociais não há desenvolvimento real. Persegue-se a seguinte problemática: a obrigação do magistrado restringe-se apenas à sua discricionariedade regrada ou ele pode avançar ativamente quando se tratar da efetivação dos direitos sociais? E, a baixa constitucionalidade e consequente falta de efetividade das normas fundamentais, derivam de uma preocupação legítima com a segurança jurídica e o princípio do economicamente possível ou aponta para um papel extremamente simbólico da Constituição Federal? Tem-se lastro no método dedutivo e na metodologia calcada no uso de pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória e qualitativa, com cotejamento do marco teórico, “Justiça e [o Paradigma da] Eficiência)”. Objetiva-se mostrar como a efetivação dos direitos sociais conduz ao desenvolvimento; as eficiências e deficiências do Poder Judiciário; e os ajustes necessários para se construir uma sociedade realmente desenvolvida.
Online Dispute Resolution e Inteligência Artificial: a influência tecnológica na resolução de conflitos.
Authors: Siqueira Oniye Nashara , Zanferdini Flávia de Almeida Montingelli
Published: July 2021

O desenvolvimento tecnológico e a expansão da conectividade modificaram as relações sociais e, consequentemente, os modos e meios de resolução de conflitos, apontando, sendo a Resolução Online de Conflitos (Online Dispute Resolution - ODR) uma via em ascensão, complementar ao Judiciário, cuja crise é manifesta. Diante disso, o presente estudo analisa como a tecnologia, aliada à incomensurável quantidade de informações contidas no ciberespaço, propiciou a criação de um nicho inovador, capaz de apontar dados estatísticos e predizer resultados. Esta nova realidade, caracterizada pelo tratamento de dados, é capaz de criar perfis e, diante disso, facilitar a composição de litígios por meio da condução comportamental dos envolvidos o que, por outro lado, pode violar direitos fundamentais dos litigantes, como o de privacidade.  Assim, analisamos como a crise do judiciário contribuiu para a popularização dos meios complementares ou alternativos de resolução de demandas (ADR), para então apontarmos a mudança dos paradigmas resultante do uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) na resolução de litígios. Após, discorremos sobre como a utilização da inteligência artificial é capaz de conduzir à resolução do conflito, concluindo que esta nova realidade traz benefícios aos cidadãos, contudo, com a ressalva da necessária proteção dos dados e preservação da privacidade digital. Aplicamos o método de abor­dagem dedutivo, em conjunto com a pesquisa doutrinária.
Notas sobre os conceitos teórico e jurídico de feminicídio
Authors: Lucena Mariana Barrêto Nóbrega de , Souza Júnior Ney Fayet de
Published: July 2021

A categoria feminicídio, utilizada para designar as mortes de mulheres decorrentes de violência de gênero, conquistou ampla adesão das ciências, da prática política e do direito. Apesar dessa vasta aceitação, não há um consenso quanto ao seu significado preciso e à sua abrangência conceitual. Embora seja compreensível a existência de uma diversidade de interpretações em torno de um conceito utilizado como instrumento político, o uso de uma definição vaga no espaço da pesquisa científica e do direito pode levar a consequências problemáticas. Por essa razão, este trabalho pretende dissecar o termo e evidenciar as dificuldades advindas de uma definição imprecisa desse fenômeno. Ainda, no campo teórico, pretende-se trazer sugestões metodológicas que colaborem com futuras pesquisas acerca do tema e, no âmbito do direito, propõe-se uma interpretação jurídica para a tipificação brasileira que cumpra os fins pretendidos pela teoria e militância feminista, sem que isso signifique reforçar ipso facto o punitivismo penal.
CFIT PREVENTION WITH COMBINED ENHANCED FLIGHT VISION SYSTEM AND SYNTHETIC VISION SYSTEM
Authors: Iradukunda Klarisse , Averyanova Yuliya
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to combine two vision systems as a new technology to suggest the improvement in the continuing problem of Controlled Flight into Terrain (CFIT) accidents. A combined enhanced flight vision system and synthetic vision system seems to hold the solution, while it unhesitatingly accommodated to the commercial and General aviation instrument environment if pilots are getting minimal instrument training.  This research shows the benefit of combined enhanced flight vision and synthetic vision systems based on analysis of the accident that occurred in 2013 on approach at Birmingham-Shuttlesworth International Airport.  It is shown that the use of a combined system, could have prevented this accident. The head-up display is taken to facilitate this technology to the pilot to be able to see and read accurately using sky lenses.
FUTURE ATCO OFFICERS’ INDIVIDUAL PROFILES FORMING
Authors: Kolotusha Volodymyr
Published: July 2021

The aim: The aim of this article, taking into account aviation personnel professional training evolution and information technologies development, is a presentation of approach to problems solving, relating to future air traffic controllers training personalization by means of training individual profiles forming, taking into account their cognitive characteristics. The method: The approach, which is based on selected criteria – oriented test, by means of which the proper training styles defined, is described in this article. The results: depending on the defined training style, the variants of instructor’s guidance of knowledge, skills and habits acquisition process will be defined. The discussion: In future it provides the possibility to project the training packages according to ‘pupils’ individualized cognitive abilities, relating to reception of professionally oriented training materials.
GENERATION OF SYNTHETICAL MEDICAL DATA BY MDR-ANALYSIS
Authors: Titova Оlga , Hrushak Zoia , Kravchuk Tetiana , Yefymenko Valerii , Maksumiuk Mariia
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to determine the dependence of the rate of gel formation on the type of reagent-inhibitor of the gel formation process, and to study the kinetic dependences of gel formation of silicate compositions in the presence of compounds that regulate the rate of gel formation. Research methods: Direct and reverse titration, potentiometric titration, pH-metry, determination of the dynamic viscosity on a rotational viscometer, axial compression method to determine the elastic modulus were used to study the possibility of using chemical reagents as gelation inhibitors. Results: The possibility of using inorganic and organic additives to slow down the gel formation process and the effect of these additives on the strength of the gel, their thermodynamic parameters have been researched. Discussion: The adding of organic acids into the silicate composition as "crosslinking agents" slows down the gel formation process, while replacing hydrochloric acid with other gel acids that slow down the gel formation process does not lead to a decrease in the strength characteristics of these systems compared to the standard. It was found that with an increase in the gelation time, the strength of the gels decreases, and the syneresis increases; the adding of inhibitor additives insignificantly worsens the filterability of silicate compositions, which in general have bad filterability, leading to an increase in resistance during filtration at the inlet section of the sample. Observations have shown that the addition of additives-inhibitors does not affect the thermal stability of gels, regardless of the additives' nature.
COMPLEX SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF DEGRADED LANDS OF THE KHERSON REGION
Authors: Radomska Margaryta , Pavliukh Lesia , Lyalyuk Natalia , Petroschuk Veronika
Published: July 2021

The sustainable development is the prevailing approach to the use of natural resource potential. The degraded agricultural areas loose their economic value and raise a wide range of environmental concerns. The Kherson region is one of the most overexploited territories in Ukraine, which is characterized by diverse soil-climatic conditions. It was offered to use these lands for cultivation of energy crops. The comparative analysis demonstrated that algae and rapeseed are the most efficient alternatives which are able to complement each other and form a perspective energy mix.
HOW MIGHT ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES AFFECT BEHAVIOUR AND EMOTIONS?
Authors: Heydari Mohammad , Xiaohu Zhou , Lai Kin Keung , Yuxi Zheng
Published: July 2021

It’s essential to comprehend individuals’ comprehension of what occurs in their brains. Given a writing survey of business enterprise brain science and conduct, and a particular featuring of the subarea’s identity, understanding, feeling, mentality, and self, this article exhibits an audit of this present field’s past and current issues points, speculations, and techniques. In the mix with review results from enterprise conduct scientists’ ebb and flow work and sentiments on the exploration boondocks in those angles, this article gives bits of knowledge and proposals to future research headings.
İmâmü’l-Haremeyn El-Cüveynî’nin Muğîsü’l-Halk Fî Tercîhi’l-Kavli’l-Hakk Adlı Eserinde Ebû Hanife’ye Yönelik Eleştirileri
Authors: EŞİT Yusuf
Published: July 2021

Müctehidin zann-ı galibi olması hasebiyle istinbâta dayalı bir meselenin hükmü müctehidden müctehide farklılık arz edebilmektedir. Bu noktada doğru olanın tayini, ictihâdda hata ve isâbet meselesi zemininde tartışılmıştır. Genel olarak bu tartışma her müctehidin musîb olduğu ile sadece bir müctehidin musîb olduğu şeklinde iki farklı görüş olarak tezahür etmiştir. Müctehidlerden sadece birinin doğruya isâbet ettiği kabul edildiğinde hangi müctehidin doğruya isâbet ettiği problemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Dört mezhep fukahâ ve usulcülerinin geneli bu görüşte olması hasebiyle her mezhep, kendilerinin haklı veya doğruya ulaştıklarını iddia etmekte diğer mezhepleri yanlışlayarak eleştirmektedirler. Bu bağlamda İmâmü’l-Haremeyn el- Cüveynî (ö. 478/1085), mensubu olduğu Şâfiî mezhebinin doğruluğunu ispat sadedinde “Muğîsü’l-halk fî tercîhi’l-kavli’l-hakk” adlı eserini kaleme almıştır. Bu çalışmada Cüveynî’nin mevzu bahis eserinde Ebû Hanîfe’ye yönelttiği eleştiriler ele alınacaktır.
The Role of the “Conservative Revolutionˮ Activists in the Substantiation of Nazism
Authors: Iritsyan Gurgen E.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this work is the comparative analysis of the ideas of the important representatives of the “conservative revolutionˮ and the main provisions of the Nazi ideology. The “conservative revolutionˮ was a philosophical and political movement in Germany in the 20-30s of the last century. Representatives of this trend, trying to find a way out of the systemic crisis of the German Republic, saw it in the need for a “revolution on the rightˮ. Using the analytical method in the process of studying the texts of some conservative revolutionaries, as well as comparing the ideas of the latter with the main provisions of Nazism, allows us to draw the following conclusion. A number of venerable German thinkers such as O. Spengler, A. Moeller van den Bruck, E. Junger, and some others have done serious theoretical work on the justification of hegemonic, anti-liberal and authoritarian tendencies in the ideology and politics of the Third Reich. Much of what was in the propa-ganda Arsenal of the national socialists is found in the representatives of the “conservative revolutionˮ.
Armorial Images on Portraits of the Military Ataman of the Don Army D. E. Efremov and Features of the Formation of the Southern Russian Nobility in the 18th Century
Authors: Agafonov Anatoly I.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the coat of arms on the portraits of the military ataman of the Don ar-my Danila Efremovich Efremov, the formation of the nobility in the southern outskirts of Russia. The first portraits of D. Efremov were painted in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra and on the Don under the influence of the Polish, Malorussian and Russian artistic traditions. The painting of the coat of arms was based on the status of the military ataman D. E. Efremov, the award of the ranks of Major General and privy councilor, the acquisition of the nobility. The author characterizes the controversial issues of the origin of the portrait gallery of D. E. Efremov, and suggests a new dating of its painting based on the study of imperial grants, military and political events on the Don and in Russia. The composition and symbolism of the portraits are revealed, some anthropometric data of the military ataman are described, it is shown that the portraits of D. E. Efremov and his armorial images had a huge impact on the development of the Don ceremonial ataman and senior (starshina) portrait. It is stated and argued that the portrait from the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra in 1752 was preceded by other, not preserved works, from which “freeˮ copies were made. The latter can be independent creations. The author examines the government's attitude to the Don elder, the legal framework that regulated the sta-tus of the regional elite, individuals and positions.
O regime enunciativo na prova de redação do ENEM
Authors: Matos Leal Fernandes Luana Aparecida , Hernandes Agustini Carmen Lucia
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo, problematizamos o funcionamento da argumentação na prova de redação do ENEM. Para tanto, analisamos, sob a perspectiva teórica de Emile Benveniste, a proposta de redação do ENEM 2016, bem como uma produção textual escrita. Assumimos que a argumentação na redação do ENEM compreende, para além da defesa de um ponto de vista, por meio do manejo da língua escrita e da mobilização de certo repertório, uma elaboração textual em função do regime enunciativo instituído na e pela proposta de redação da prova. Esse regime está relacionado aos textos motivadores que determinam a orientação argumentativa do texto a ser produzido. Na análise, mostramos que a argumentação nessa prova está marcada por uma injunção coercitiva que imprime diretrizes a serem observadas no texto produzido, a fim de que este seja bem avaliado. Assim, argumentar na prova de redação do ENEM não é “defender seu ponto de vista”, mas o ponto de vista implicado no regime enunciativo estabelecido na e pela prova.
Swiping, Surfing, Distancing. On Web-Connected Love
Authors:   Associate Lecturer, Ph.D. Department of Philosophy, Faculty of History and Philosophy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Simion Radu
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the main features of the technology-mediated communication concerning online love affrairs. The thesis I will support is that emotional connections via internet are framed into a new discourse on personal identity and alterity, creating a new perspective on the culture of intimate relationships, with specific attitudes, behaviours and values, drawing new guidelines of emotivity, methaphors and concepts we use to express our feelings and thoughts. Thus, I will briefly investigate the phenomenon of online love datings as part of a media entartainment culture, the problem of intercorporeality and the paradox of choosing partners on the internet, together with their implications on the ethics of care, intimacy and togetherness. Away from giving verdicts or announcing the end of authentic communication, I will develop a conceptual framework to aid in exploring theoretical traits, combining interdisciplinary approaches in order to reflect them in online love-dating interactions. In the conclusion section, I will enlight on how we can succesfully develop a strong and reliable connection with a romantic partner, using the elements mentioned below, focusing on combining online and offline practices in order to nurture a mature and meaningfull relationship in the age of shifting communication paradigms.
The Effects of Using Technology in the Human-Nature Relationship, in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   MA Student, Master of Philosophy, Culture, Communication, Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of History and Philosophy, Department of Philosophy, Cluj-Napoca, 1 Mihail Kogălniceanu Street, 400084, Romania, Șteți Alexandra
Published: July 2021

This article aims to answer the question "has technology canceled a possible return to nature?". Provided that this pandemic has given everyone a lot of time to reflect, due to restrictions, all this time has been filled, even more, by the use of technology. There has indeed been talk of the connection between disease and the way in which humanity treats nature, but these have been findings devoid of a call to action. Instead, the time spent in front of the devices increased, in the attempt of people to fill in some way the free time they had at their disposal after work or school that took place, also, in front of a screen. The human-nature relationship was restricted to walks to the store or work, walking in the park being restricted in some respects. My proposal is to highlight both the positive and negative aspects of the use of technology during the past pandemic year. The complete lockdown, an event that completely shocked the whole world in which we live, revealed some aspects that were harder to notice, such as that nature does not need us, but we need it. However, I want to show that, although technology was the only pillar that helped us to maintain a more or less functional society, it also limited our closer observation of nature, and an awareness of its role. Among the hundreds of news, the daily check of the ever-increasing number of cases, the search for entertainment that would divert our attention from the situation we are in, the distance from nature and the closure in a space more and more distant from the surrounding reality, increasingly fictional, it affects man's relationship with nature.
Varnost ruralnih skupnosti v vse bolj urbaniziranem svetu
Authors: Donnermeyer Joseph F.
Published: July 2021

Avtor skuša v poglavju problematiko kriminalitete v ruralnih okoljih nadgraditi s sociološkim pojmovanjem skupnosti, kjer je kriminaliteta povezana s strukturo družbe. To prispeva k boljšemu razumevanju kriminalitete in nudi vpogled v dojemanje policije in varnosti med prebivalci iz različnih okolij, od najmanjših vasi do največjih mest. Avtor s sklicevanjem na različna dela znanstvenikov in s predstavitvijo teorije skupnosti obravnava ključna vprašanja kriminalitete v ruralnih okoljih, kot so proizvodnja, zloraba drog, nasilje nad ženskami in kriminaliteta na področju kmetijstva, prav tako pa preuči tudi vprašanje o dostopu do pravnega varstva in vseh njegovih razsežnosti. Čeprav smo priča vedno večji urbanizaciji in preseljevanju prebivalstva v urbana okolja, se avtorju zdi raziskovanje kriminalitete v ruralnih okoljih smiselno, saj tam še vedno prebiva veliko število ljudi in se vedno bolj čutijo učinki razraščanja predmestij, ruralnega turizma in razvoja energetike.
Pravica do varnosti – sinteza pravne ureditve na mednarodni, državni in lokalni ravni
Authors: Flander Benjamin , Tičar Bojan
Published: July 2021

Pravica do varnosti je kot temeljna pravica izrecno zapisana v Listini Evropske unije o temeljnih pravicah, Ustavi Republike Slovenije in ratificiranih mednarodnih konvencijah s področja človekovih pravic. Ta temeljna pravica se ustavnopravno in mednarodnopravno posredno zagotavlja tudi skozi varstvo drugih temeljnih pravic ter z nekaterimi določbami zakonov in drugih predpisov s področja kazenskega, prekrškovnega, civilnega in upravnega prava. Uresničevanje teh predpisov in njihovih določb je zagotovljeno z opravljanjem nalog ter izvajanjem pristojnosti in pooblastil organov in institucij nacionalnovarnostnega sistema ter drugih organov in institucij tako na državni kot tudi na lokalni ravni. V tem poglavju podrobneje analiziramo ustavne in zakonske naloge in pristojnosti policije in občin na področju zagotavljanja varnosti v lokalnih skupnostih. Posebna pozornost je namenjena predpisovanju in sankcioniranju prekrškov, ki spadata v pristojnost občinskih in mestnih svetov, mestnih in (med)občinskih redarstev ter mestnih in (med)občinskih inšpektoratov.
Modeli, pristopi in izzivi policijske dejavnosti v Sloveniji
Authors: Lobnikar Branko , Prislan Kaja
Published: July 2021

Uspešno izvajanje policijske dejavnosti, v času nenehnih sprememb, visoke spremenljivosti in dinamičnega okolja, zahteva ustrezno fleksibilnost ter prilagodljivost policijskih organizacij. Slednje pri izvajanju svoje dejavnosti uporabljajo različne pristope, ki so odvisni od strateških in operativnih ciljev policijske organizacije ter od družbenih okoliščin, v katerih delujejo. Model policijskega dela, ki ga razumemo kot koherentno celoto pristopov izvajanja policijskih nalog, odraža vrednote in norme posamezne policijske organizacije. V poglavju so povzeta stališča prebivalcev Slovenije glede najbolj primernih pristopov oziroma modelov policijskega dela. Pri tem se je izkazalo, da so najbolj naklonjeni modelu policijskega dela v skupnosti, v kombinaciji z na izvajanju prava temelječem modelu policijskega dela. Izhajajoč iz analize stališč javnosti in razvoja ter reform policijskega dela v Sloveniji so v zaključnem delu poglavja predstavljeni sodobni razvojni trendi na področju organizacije policije in izvajanja policijskega dela.
Influence of shape of middle turbinate on development of recurrent rhinosinusitis
Authors:   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University,  Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia, Karpishchenko S. A. , Bolozneva E. V. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University,  Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia, Golubev A. Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Kozyreva E. E. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University,  Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia
Published: July 2021

In the presence of a paradoxically curved middle nasal turbinate, treatment tactics may be different. To achieve the best effect in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis, in some cases, a complete resection of the middle nasal turbinate is performed. However, in this group of patients in the postoperative period, complaints may appear from the quality of nasal breathing, which is associated with the development of paradoxically difficult breathing, when with sufficient passage of the air jet, the patient complains of difficulty in nasal breathing. Also, these patients are characterized by a decrease in the sense of smell. It is important that the absence of the middle nasal turbinate during repeated surgical interventions deprives the surgeon of an important anatomical landmark. We want to share a clinical example in which we received a positive outcome of surgical treatment in a patient with chronic left-sided rhinosinusitis in the presence of a paradoxically curved middle nasal turbinate and a slightly deviated nasal septum. In order to restore ventilation of the anterior group of the paranasal sinuses, the lateral part of the paradoxically curved middle nasal turbinate was removed with its preservation and expansion of the natural anastomosis of the maxillary sinus. In the postoperative period, the patient noted a significant improvement in her condition and did not make any previous complaints. This clinical case demonstrates that the middle nasal turbinate plays an important role in the functioning of the nasal cavity, in particular the osteomeatal complex, and in various anatomical variants can disrupt its work, both in combination with other structural features of the lateral nasal wall, and in isolation. In this connection, during the surgical treatment, a sparing, organ-preserving technique was chosen in order to preserve the functions of the middle turbinate, which in the postoperative period led to the achievement of a stable positive result.
Cochlear implantation technique in patients with cytomegalovirus infection
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute for Ear, Throte, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Kuzovkov V. E. , Sugarova S. B. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute for Ear, Throte, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Dvoryanchikov V. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute for Ear, Throte, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Lilenko A. S. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute for Ear, Throte, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Kalyapin D. D. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute for Ear, Throte, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Luppov D. S. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute for Ear, Throte, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia
Published: July 2021

At the present stage of medical development, cochlear implantation is the optimal method of auditory and speech rehabilitation for patients with binaural deafness. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection, according to Russian and international scientific literature, is one of the two most common causes of congenital deafness. At the same time, its relevance in cochlear implantation is due not only to its high incidence among patients, but also to the influence on surgical procedure and the final results of hearing and speech rehabilitation. The surgery stage of cochlear implantation in patients with cytomegalovirus infection, due to a number of circumstances, requires individual technical procedure. The most significant thing in this context is the phenomenon of frequent preservation of natural hearing residues at low frequencies, requiring careful and accurate preservation. Moreover, due to the pathogenetic effect of an infectious agent, such patients have a high risk of intraoperative bleeding. Therefore, the most important goal is to prevent the penetration of blood cells into the lumen of the cochlear spiral canal in order to prevent damage to the cochlear sensory structures. However, to date, all the proposed methods of performing surgery in such patients have a number of limitations and do not in all cases meet all the requirements of efficacy and safety. In this regard, on the basis of the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, an original surgical technique was developed for cochlear implantation in patients with cytomegalovirus infection. This technique most significantly meets the requirements of hearing-safe surgical techniques when performing cochlear implantation.
Posterior laryngeal clefts
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University,  Saint Petersburg, 194100, Russia, Pavlov P. V. , Zakharova M. L. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University,  Saint Petersburg, 194100, Russia, Abubakarova M. R. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University,  Saint Petersburg, 194100, Russia, Ivanov A. P. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University,  Saint Petersburg, 194100, Russia, Breusenko D. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University,  Saint Petersburg, 194100, Russia
Published: July 2021

The posterior laryngeal cleft is a rare congenital malformation of the larynx, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 10,000–20,000 children born alive. Despite the apparent obviousness of the pathology, the diagnosis of the posterior cleft of the larynx often causes difficulties, which is associated with a variety of clinical symptoms, primarily due to the varying prevalence of the pathological process. Objective: To analyze the results of treatment of patients with congenital laryngeal cleft. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of case histories of children in the department of otolaryngology of the clinic of the St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, from 2003 to 2018, diagnosed with congenital malformation of the larynx, posterior laryngeal cleft, was performed. Results: Normal respiration and nutrition through the natural pathways was achieved in 13 children with type I cleft and in 2 with type IIIa. Three patients with IIIa and IIIb types of clefts could not be rehabilitated due to severe concomitant somatic and neurological pathology, for which they continue treatment with relevant specialists at the present time. Conclusions: Rehabilitation of patients with laryngeal cleft of type IIIa and IIIb, especially in the presence of severe concomitant somatic and neurological pathology, does not always give positive results.
Features of course of year-round allergic rhinitis against the background of respiratory intracellular infection
Authors:   Tver State Medical University,  Tver, 170100, Russia, Kuznetsova V. S. , Portenko E. G. ,   Tver State Medical University,  Tver, 170100, Russia
Published: July 2021

As it is known, allergic rhinitis is one of the most pressing issues of modern rhinology. At present, special attention is directed to the study of the problem of year-round allergic rhinitis, since in recent years its incidence in economically developed countries has been steadily growing. Often the only complaint of patients is the constant stuffy nose with mucous discharge, so both patients and doctors often underestimate the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease. According to research, year-round allergic rhinitis can contribute to the development of pathology of the nasopharynx, middle ear and auditory tube, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, which often take on a chronic or recurrent form. The treatment proposed in the clinical recommendations, carried out in three main areas, does not always lead to persistent remission of the atopic process. This article covers the course of ENT diseases against the background of respiratory chlamydia and mycoplasmic intracellular infection. The problem of year-round allergic rhinitis associated with respiratory intracellular infection has not been elucidated to date, but the chronization of the process, long uncontrolled course, and the tendency to complications of this pathology of the upper respiratory tract may be related to it.
Miejsca sabatów czarownic w epoce wczesnonowożytnej – ich znaczenie i topografia. Przyczynek do badań nad procesami o czary na Śląsku i Morawach
Authors: Wojtucka Karolina
Published: July 2021

W wyobraźni społeczeństwa funkcjonuje wiele stereotypów związanych z czarownicami, jak i z procesami o czary. Jednym z popularnych elementów związanych z tym zagadnieniem jest kwestia sabatu czarownic, na który owe uczęszczały. Sam sabat jest zbiorem fantazji późnośredniowiecznego i wczesnonowożytnego społeczeństwa, o specyficznych cechach, zależnych od regionu. Badacze wychodzą z założenia, że źródłem spotkań, które później zyskały miano sabatu, były te przypisywane heretykom, którzy podczas nich czcili diabła. Spotkanie to cechował pewien porządek rytuałów i obyczajów. Odbywać się one mogły nie tylko w takie charakterystyczne dni jak 30 kwietnia, lecz także w tygodniu, nawet do trzech razy. Według zeznań czarownice przylatywały na sabat na miotłach lub widłach, a podczas spotkania nierzadko miało dochodzić do orgii. Do spotkań tych dochodziło w szczególnych miejscach, przede wszystkim na różnego rodzaju wzniesieniach. Do najbardziej znanych gór, gdzie odbywały się sabaty, należą Blocksberg w Górach Harzu, Łysa Góra, a jeśli chodzi o pograniczne śląsko-morawskie – Petrovy Kameny, które licznie pojawiają się w zeznaniach osób oskarżonych o czary na tym obszarze. Miejsce to, które znajduje się na dawnym pograniczu dóbr, uchodziło za pełne sił ciemności, stąd też w 1682 r. zdecydowano się je poświęcić. Bardzo często konkretne obszary czy regiony „miały” własną górę, gdzie dochodziło do spotkań czarownic. Sabaty mogły się także odbywać w mniej oczywistych miejscach, np. na polanach, drzewach, rozgałęzieniach dróg czy w pobliżu szubienicy. W niektórych przypadkach na pamiątkę takich spotkań pozostały charakterystyczne nazwy, takie jak: Hexenplan czy Hexenplatz, które nie tylko można znaleźć na starych mapach, lecz także funkcjonują one do dzisiaj na wyznaczonych terenach.
„Martwe czarownice”. Procesy i egzekucje zmarłych oskarżonych o magię pośmiertną w dobrach zakonu krzyżackiego na Śląsku i Morawach w XVII i XVIII wieku
Authors: Wojtucki Daniel
Published: July 2021

W dobrach przyległych do Bruntál (niem. Freudenthal) i Sovinec (niem. Eulenburg), czyli w majątkach należących do zakonu krzyżackiego odnajdziemy świadectwa wielu procesów osób oskarżonych o praktyki magiczne. Wśród tych wierzeń szczególne miejsce zajmuje tzw. magia posthuma, związana z osobami, które po swojej śmierci za sprawą zawartego jeszcze za życia paktu z diabłem nie mogli zaznać w grobie spokoju i nadal nękali żywych. Jedne z pierwszych udokumentowanych przypadków wierzeń w magię pośmiertną na pograniczu śląsko-morawskim znamy z ostatnich lat XVI w. Pod koniec XVII stulecia rozwinęły się wierzenia w to, że osoba zmarła posądzona o ten rodzaj magii może „infekować” kolejnych zmarłych, których zgon nastąpił tuż po niej. „Martwe czarownice”, bo tak można je nazwać, które jeszcze za swojego życia miały się oddać służbie diabłu, a aż do swojej śmierci nie zostały ujawnione, mogły zostać wykorzystane przez niego po swoim zgonie. W „tropienie” zmarłych angażowano lokalnych duchownych i władze zwierzchnie. Prześladowania zmarłych na podstawie powyższych wierzeń udokumentowano w dobrach krzyżackich, głównie w ośrodkach: Arnoltice (niem. Arnsdorf ), Břidličná (dawniej Frýdlant), Světlá (niem. Lichtewerden), Václavov u Bruntálu (niem. Wildgrub). Na podstawie zebranych przykładów z dóbr krzyżackich można stwierdzić, że najczęstszym sposobem trwałego unieszkodliwienie osoby posądzonej o magię pośmiertną było spalenie jej zwłok, względnie pogrzebanie na granicy miejscowości.
Geografia wezbrań i powodzi rzecznych
Authors: Bartnik Adam , Jokiel Paweł
Published: July 2021

Geografia wezbrań i powodzi rzecznych autorstwa A. Bartnika i P. Jokiela jest dziełem zasługującym na wydanie. Jest to publikacja bardzo dobra, doskonale napisana, zawierająca treści wsparte najnowszą literaturą światową i danymi z ogólnodostępnych, światowych baz danych hydrologicznych. Uważam, że stanowi doskonały podręcznik dla słuchaczy przedmiotów: „Globalne problemy geografii fizycznej”, a także „Ekstremalne zdarzenia w hydrologii” wykładanych na uniwersyteckich studiach geograficznych. Może też być polecana studentom ochrony środowiska i inżynierii środowiska, a także słuchaczom innych kierunków, jako podstawa kształcenia specjalistycznego. Z opinii recenzenta: Prof. Elżbiety Bajkiewicz-Grabowskiej
Lotus flower model: With metaphorical perceptions of the chemistry of daily life
Authors: Altundaay Canan Kocak
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to determine teacher candidates’ perception about ‘chemistry’ through metaphors. In this study, 60 teacher candidates training at different programmes of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education, participated. The metaphors of teacher candidates about chemistry were collected through a diagram prepared according to the Lotus Flower Technique. After the 3,754 metaphors were defined and 8 imaginary categories to represent these metaphors were developed, the number of metaphors and its percentage were calculated for each category. As a result, it appears that, the images of the teacher candidates regarding the metaphorical perceptions of the chemistry of daily life and general chemistry are significantly different from each other. Metaphors are able to change conceptual systems and the perspectives of individuals towards the world. Therefore, this study catered to the introduction of metaphorical images, which bring new perspectives to teacher candidates about the chemistry of daily life.
 
Keywords: Lotus flower, model, metaphors, daily life, chemistry.
Propuesta de mejora para el proceso Administrar Asesorías de una Entidad Financiera
Authors:   , Jurupe Huamán Erick Manuel , Ramos Gómez Roberto
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad presentar una propuesta de mejora al proceso Administrar asesorías de una Entidad Financiera, mediante el diseño de una Arquitectura de software para un sistema web, la cual permita optimizar la planificación, solicitud y ejecución de las asesorías. El capítulo 1, presenta la información de la organización objeto de estudio, así como la definición del problema, objetivos del proyecto e indicadores de éxito. El capítulo 2, describe los logros de los student outcomes planteados por la universidad como objetivos que deben alcanzarse en el presente trabajo. El capítulo 3, presenta el desarrollo del marco teórico en donde se describe los conceptos fundamentales de frameworks y métodos utilizados para el desarrollo del trabajo. El capítulo 4, presenta la propuesta de mejora al proceso Administrar asesorías, para lo cual se realiza un análisis del negocio y del proceso involucrado a través de los frameworks de Zachman y TOGAF, lo que decanta en los modelos AS-IS y TO-BE del proceso haciendo uso de la notación BPMN. Luego se identifican los requerimientos funcionales y no funcionales que permiten definir los conceptos, estilos y tácticas de arquitectura que se emplearán en el Modelo C4. El capítulo 5, presenta todas las herramientas utilizadas en la gestión del proyecto, que permitan cumplir con las restricciones de alcance, costo y tiempo.