bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Expression of MicroRNA-375 and its Target Gene p53 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and its Implication in Oral Carcinogenesis
Authors: Narasimhan Sangeetha , Narasimhan Malathi , Shetty Shishir Ram , T Rajan Sharada , Al Kawas Sausan , Subramani Vijaya Nirmala
Published: January 2024

Objective: Oral mucosal cancers are the 11th most common human malignancies worldwide with a five-year survival rate of ≤50%. The lacunae of reliable diagnostic and prognostic markers pose an enormous challenge to the timely identification and prediction of disease progression in oral cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging molecular markers associated with cancer initiation, progression, and therapy. The present study evaluated the microRNA -375(miR-375) expression and its target p53 gene in Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to validate its utility as a diagnostic marker of the disease. Patients and Methods: This case-control study targeted histopathologically diagnosed cases of OSCC. miR-375 was quantified from 22 cases of OSCC and corresponding control tissues using qRT-PCR. Mutant p53 expression in cases and controls was determined by subjecting the tissues to immunohistochemical Results: Significant downregulation of miR-375 was noted in OSCC tissues (68.1%) compared to the control tissues with a mean fold change of 83.9 (p<0.05). Significant downregulation of miR-375 was noted in Paan and tobacco chewing patients (77.8%). Men exhibited considerable downregulation compared to women (p<0.05). The miR-375 expression levels did not correlate with the patient’s age, location, size, nodal status, and histopathological grade of the tumor. About 63.6 % of OSCC tissues showed mutant p53 positivity. Mutant p53 expression was noted in 73.3% of miR-375 downregulated tumors. Smokers exhibited higher expression of mutant p53 contrary to non-smokers(p<0.00). P53 immunopositivity showed a correlation with tumor size, histopathological grade, and nodal metastasis. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate that miR-375 downregulation may have a crucial effect on oral carcinogenesis by targeting p53. miR-375 should be further evaluated as a potential marker for oral cancer diagnosis.
Preclinical Evaluation of Nerolidol’s Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Potential
Authors: Udavant Pavan , Kanade Gayatri , Khairnar Shubham , Sable Rahul , Dashputre Neelam , Tajanpure Anjali , Rishipathak Dinesh , Chhajed Santosh , Tanzeel Musab , D’Souza Simona , Ahmad Naveed
Published: January 2024

Background: Due to the potential negative effects of artificial food additives on health and the recent surge in consumer awareness of the issue, natural goods are becoming more and more popular in diets. Objective: The main objective of the current study is the evaluation of the protective effect and antioxidant role of Nerolidol against alloxan-induced oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. Method: The present experiment was designed as Group I (control), Group II (Alloxan monohydrate, 120 mg/kg i.p), Group III (Ascorbic acid 250 mg/kg p.o), Group IV (Nerolidol 100 mg/kg p.o), Group V (Nerolidol 200 mg/kg p.o), Group VI (Nerolidol 300 mg/kg p.o). Alloxan was given to all groups excluding control group in order to induce hepatorenal toxicity. The groups III, IV, V and VI received the Standard Ascorbic acid and Nerolidol after 72 hrs. of alloxan administration for consecutive 14 days. The protective roles and antioxidant activity of Nerolidol against Alloxan induced oxidative stress and hepatorenal toxicity were evaluated by histopathological changes, measuring hepatic and renal damage biomarkers, antioxidant enzyme levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) parameters in the liver and kidney tissues of rats. Result and Conclusion: The biochemical analysis showed a decrease in serum AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH enzymes, total protein, creatinine, bilirubin, and urea in group III and test groups compared to that of group II. Nerolidol also restored the Alloxan-induced MDA and antioxidant enzyme level to control. Hepatorenal protection of Nerolidol was confirmed by almost normal histological findings in test groups.
Pharmaceutical Intervention at Community Level: Report of a Clinical Case Due to Lychee Intoxication
Authors: Piedras Ana Luisa Robles- , Sánchez Urias Bautista- , Romero Alejandro Chehue , Hernández Elena Guadalupe Olvera-
Published: January 2024

We present a clinical case of a 3-year-old male patient with signs and symptoms of a diagnosis of unidentified food poisoning. In this scenario the community pharmacist's job consisted of collaboratively work with the doctor, to ensure that the patient's medication was safe, with the aim of detecting drug-related problems or interactions with food, and avoiding negative outcomes associated with medication. The pharmacist applied the methodology described by DADER, for the pharmaceutical care approach and through the intervention, it was possible to establish that the poisoning was due to the intake of lychees. To date, in Mexico there are no reports of litchi poisoning in children, on the other hand, the community pharmacy is an emerging area, hence these types of interventions are scarce.
Investigation of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity againts MCF-7 and HeLa Cancer Cells of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.)
Authors: Sukohar Asep , Ramdini Dwi Aulia , Pardilawati Citra Yuliyanda , Suharyani Suharyani
Published: January 2024

Background: One of the major causes of death in the world is cancer. The cancer frequently affects in women especially breast cancer and cervical cancer. Many anticancer drugs have been developing throughout time due to the side effect of cancer treatments. Current study, plants have been extensively explore for their bioactive compound that is effective as anticancer drug candidates. Gnetum gnemon L. plant contains a bioactive compound that is beneficial for health and can be developed as an anticancer agent. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Gnetum gnemon L. seed extract as an antioxidant and anticancer in two cells line, MCF-7 and HeLa cells. Methods: The antioxidant evaluated through the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-ly)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays conducted for cytotoxicity. Phytochemical qualitative screening identified the flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. Results: The result of the DPPH assay was 543.19 ± 11.43 μg/mL and the MTT assay with IC50 value 316 ± 45.76 μg/mL, 489.57 ± 4.03 μg/mL on MCF-7 and HeLa cells respectively. Based on these findings, antioxidant activity of the Gnetum gnemon L. seed extract against MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cells line defined as moderate cytotoxicity. Conclusion: The percentage (%) cell viability of MCF-7 and HeLa cells decreased as the concentration of the extracts increased. Further investigation is needed to make a quantitative analysis of these compounds and their mechanism of action as anticancer activities.
In vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Seed Ethanolic Extract of Pongamia pinnata
Authors: Yasothkumar Dinesh , Jayaraman Selvaraj , Ramalingam Karthikeyan , Ramani Pratibha
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Pongamia pinnata Merr., a member of the Fabaceae family, is extensively spread throughout tropical Asia. Historically, several parts of P. pinnata have been utilised in the indigenous medicinal systems of several cultures. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are basic requisites in treating any oral mucosal lesions. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of these leaf extracts. Materials and methods: pinnata seeds were collected in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. For the extraction, shade-dried P. pinnata plant seeds were utilized. P. pinnata seed ethanolic extract was analysed qualitatively for the content of phenols, tannins, saponins, proteins, and acids, among other phytochemicals. Using the DPPH test and suppression of albumin denaturation, the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of P. pinnata seed extract was determined. Results: The phytochemical analysis of P. pinnata seed extract revealed the presence of phenols, tannins, saponins, proteins, and acids. The anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of P. pinnata seed extract was considerably higher at 500 g, as shown by the DPPH test and albumin denaturation inhibition. Conclusion: The results of this study show that P. pinnata seed extracts have both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Considering the results, P.pinnata shows high potential for management of oral mucosa lesions. Further clinical research needs to be done to analyse the effect of these properties.
Effect of Gel from Erythrina Subumbrans and Plectranthus Amboinicus Leaf Extracts as Anti-Inflammatory Agent in Male Balb/c Mice
Authors: Budiapsari Putu Indah , Kartha Ida Bagus Bramantya Dwinanta , Switi Putu Ayu Jaya , Riadi Komang Trinia Amanda , Natania Evellyne , Nindyaswari Anak Agung Raka Dyah
Published: January 2024

Background: Various types of nutritious plants owned by Indonesia can be used as traditional medicine by the community because they are considered more economical and cause fewer side effects than chemical drugs. For example, the dadap plant (Erythrina subumbrans) and the cumin plant (Plectranthus amboinicus) which have potential as anti-inflammatory drugs. Dadap leaves contain active ingredients, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. Meanwhile, cumin leaves contain saponins, flavonoids, polyvenols, and essential oils. Flavonoids work by inhibiting the action of COX-2 which causes inflammation. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the extract gel of dadap leaves and cumin leaves as anti-inflammatory in male Balb/c mice. Methods: The research was carried out through the stages of making extracts, making gel formulas, and induction of inflammation in male mice by use caragens. The data analysis method used was the ANOVA test which was obtained by observing the tumor, calor, rubor, and dolor of male mice. Conclusion: Dadap leaves and cumin leaves can be used as anti-inflammatory gels on the extremities. The three gel formulations of dadap leaves and cumin leaves can relieve inflammation. Results: From the test on mice, the most effective gel formulation was the formulation of 7.5% dadap leaf extract and 17.5% cumin leaf extract.
Extraction, Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Two Phenolic Acids from Aerial Parts of Celery and Coriander
Authors: Abdul-Jalil Thukaa Z. , Ibrahim Ruaa Mohammed , Nassir Zahraa Suhail
Published: January 2024

Celery and coriander are vastly applied in modern medicine and traditionally because various medicinal and nutritional benefits depend on their medicinal characteristics. The study aimed to detect, isolate and compare extracts contents of phenolic acids (caffeic and p-coumaric acids) in ethyl acetate fraction of fresh and dry aerial parts of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and celery (Apium graveolens L.) of the Apiaceae family. The extraction of these constituents was carried out by maceration method using 70% ethanol and fractionation was done by using petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate. The existence of caffeic and p-coumaric acids in aerial part extracts of two plants was identified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After qualitative determination of these active constituents, high-performance liquid chromatography analysis was also applied for quantification of caffeic and p-coumaric acid and the results showed that ethyl acetate extract of dry coriander showed higher contents of caffeic and p-coumaric acid than ethyl acetate extracts of fresh coriander and celery (dry and fresh). Depending on the results of TLC and HPLC, two bioactive compounds (caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid) were isolated and identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and full scan product ion mode liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. This result opens the minds to the dry plant era and leads to counter fiction of what was known that fresh plant gives better results than the dry one.
Electron Microscopic Studying the Impact of Ozone on Chronic Hepatitis C Patients as Antifibrotic
Authors: Sadek Ahmed , Mansy Soheir , El Hady Ahmed M Abd , Hammam Olfat , Hady Afaf A Abdel , Wafy Wafaa , Youness Eman R.
Published: January 2024

We aimed to evaluate the histopathological and ultrastructural changes detected by light and electron microscopy, induced in patients having chronic hepatitis C receiving ozone/oxygen gas treatment. Twenty six patients with chronic hepatitis C who were at different stages of liver fibrosis, non-responders to interferon plus ribavirin therapy (n = 9), had contraindications (n = 2), or were not compliant (n = 15) were included. At baseline and 12 weeks after administering the ozone/oxygen gas mixture, liver biopsies were carried out utilizing both the major rectal insufflations and auto-hemotherapy along with clinical evaluation, kidney and liver function assessments, liver biopsies and abdominal ultrasonography. Before and 12 weeks after the treatment of ozone, quantitative PCR was performed. Two pathologists evaluated the histological activity index (HAI) using Ishak's score while working in blind settings, taking into account the degree of inflammation and the stage of fibrosis. Electron microscopy was done for all cases before and after treatment. Significant improvements in liver enzymes in hepatic fibrosis and inflammatory activity based on Ishak scoring system were detected. The mean grade of inflammation dropped from 10.3 to 8.4 and the mean stage of fibrosis dropped from 2.3 to 2.0 both with P value < 0.001 and < 0.05 respectively. Mean PCR values showed significant increase after 12 weeks of treatment from 17059 to 218736 with P value <0.05. As regards electron microscopy findings, the ultra-structural manifestations of HCV infection were disclosed in liver specimens exposed or not to ozone treatment. Stellate cells were often encountered in unexposed samples to ozone, meanwhile they disappeared after ozone exposure. Apoptotic hepatocytes which were frequently encountered before treatment are rarely seen in specimens after treatment with ozone. Signs of cellular regeneration in the form of binucleated cells, RER enveloping mitochondria, hepatocyte progenitors insinuating between the cells at the sinusoid pole are seen after treatment. Circulating inflammatory cells in the sinusoids and infilterating the lobule were decreased after treatment. Peroxisomes were increased after exposure to ozone with longitudinal orientation of mitochondrial cristae thus increasing the antioxidative activity of hepatocytes. No single significant complication was recorded in a total of >1000 settings of ozone therapy. In conclusion, ozone oxygen gas mixture is a direct anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory agent in treatment of chronic hepatitis C patients without improving viral PCR as evidenced by histopathology, electron microscopy and quantitative PCR.
Cardio-Metabolic Indices in Relation to Serum Vitamin D Levels among Middle-Aged Adults
Authors: Kumar Sumit , K Adithi , PS Supriya , Moodithaya Shailaja  S
Published: January 2024

A plethora of research showed that vitamin D deficiency is one of the most prevalent dietary inadequacies in India. The condition is addressed as hypovitaminosis-D and often intervenes with the occurrence of diseases like cardio-metabolic disease. Though several epidemiological studies have supported this fact, there is an insufficiency of rational data to support the fact. Hence the current study investigates the relationship between vitamin D levels and markers of cardio-metabolic diseases among middle-aged adults. This study recruited 100 healthy middle-aged adults, and the participants underwent evaluation of their anthropometric measurements, Heart Rate Variability (HRV), and serum vitamin D levels. Analysis was done by taking consideration of total power (TP), absolute, and normalized power of high-frequency (HF), and low-frequency (LF) power spectrum including their ratio (LF/HF) as HRV indices. Data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test. Data analysis showed a negative correlation between vitamin D and anthropometric measurements and a positive correlation with cardiac sympathovagal balance as determined by waist circumference and LF/HF ratio. However, there was no discernible correlation between vitamin D levels and the BMI, fat percentage, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), absolute power spectrum of HRV. The results of this study conclude that serum vitamin D levels affect central obesity and cardiac sympathovagal balance, indicating low levels of serum vitamin D might contribute higher risk for cardiovascular diseases.
Physical Anthropometry Influences Arterial Stiffness in Hypertensive Patients of North Karnataka
Authors: Podder Amrit , M Patil Sharanagouda , Kanthe Pallavi S. , M. Patil Sumangala , Khodnapur Jyoti P , Badiger Sharan , Sorganvi Vijaya , Das Kusal K
Published: January 2024

Background: Very less is known about the influence of Physical Anthropometry on arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients. Objectives: The study aimed to find out influences of physical anthropometry on arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients. Materials and Methods: Age matched participants were divided into 2 groups (group 1, control, n = 36; group 2, hypertensive patients, n = 73). Waist Circumference (WC), Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Hip ratio (WHR) which is the markers of obesity was measured. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded manually in resting posture using sphygmomanometer. Arterial Stiffness Index (ASI) which is linked with hypertension was recorded by Periscope which work based on oscillometric method. The results were expressed as mean + SD. We did correlation between our variables using Spearman’s correlation considering p<0.05 as statistically significant. Result: Obesity indexes and arterial stiffness index were found to be higher in hypertensive patients as compared to its respective controls. There were significant positive correlation between the obesity indexes and arterial stiffness index in group 1 and group 2. Conclusion: These observations are indicative of influences of physical anthropometry in hypertension.
A LIDERANÇA DO ENFERMEIRO EM UNIDADES DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA: revisão integrativa
Authors: Szlyjan Kremer Fernanda , Camargo Chagas Brenda , Larissa Dias Müller de Souza Andressa
Published: January 2024

A liderança é fator primordial para um trabalho de qualidade e uma ação direcionada da enfermagem na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. É preciso que o líder reúna competências e habilidades técnicas e relacionais para que seu trabalho tenha maior qualidade. Objetivo: Identificar como se dá a liderança do enfermeiro em unidades de terapia intensiva segundo a literatura. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura para identificar o perfil de liderança do enfermeiro na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Os estudos incluídos na amostra foram aqueles publicados entre janeiro de 2018 e agosto de 2022, indexados na PubMed, BVS e LILACS, que respondessem à pergunta norteadora. Resultados e Conclusões: De forma crítica e reflexiva, cada uma das pesquisas contribui de maneira distinta para o processo de construção e reforço da liderança do enfermeiro na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Aspectos como a liderança ativa, a organização dos processos, a especialidade para pacientes com alta complexidade e a harmonização do ambiente de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva estão entre os pontos observados pelos autores. O estudo possibilitará pensar que uma liderança ativa promove continuidade, ordenação, confiabilidade e segurança, bem como será capaz de trazer enfoque para ações multiprofissionais, interdisciplinares, além de focar na qualidade assistencial de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of Different Waterproofing Products in Concrete for Sustainability
Authors: Parah Salsabeel Jalal  , A. K. Tiwari  , Vikas Srivastava
Published: January 2024

The efficacy of several waterproofing products in concrete, such as integrated waterproofing compound, water-repellent cement and waterproofing coatings with acrylic and styrene-butadiene latex co-polymer bases was assessed in this experimental study. The mechanical properties, durability and fresh concrete parameters were examined and a comparison was related to control concrete-concrete that had not been treated with any waterproofing compound. Concrete with an integrated waterproofing chemical exhibited the largest slump of 56 mm, whereas the concrete with water-repellent cement displayed the highest density of 2459 kg/m3. Concrete with integral waterproofing chemical showed the best compressive strength of 39.33 N/mm2, flexural strength of 5.85 N/mm2 and split-tensile strength of 3.80 N/mm2, respectively, at 28 days. Cube specimens treated with an acrylic base water-proofing coating showed a minimum average rate of water absorption of 0.36 and a minimum sorptivity of 0.022 mm/min0.5, after 48 hours. It was concluded that the best result for mechanical properties was shown by concrete with an integral waterproofing compound, whereas the concrete with acrylic-based waterproofing coating was the best performer in terms of durability parameters.
Osteoid Osteomas of Spine: From Open to Minimally Invasive Excision of the Nidus – A Case series
Authors:   Department of Spine Surgery, Preethi Hospitals, Melur Main Road, Uthangudi, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India., Ganesh Kumar S. , V.N Sudeep Kumar ,   Department of Spine Surgery, Preethi Hospitals, Melur Main Road, Uthangudi, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India., Raju Sivakumar ,   Department of Spine Surgery, Preethi Hospitals, Melur Main Road, Uthangudi, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India., Thangamani Vinoth ,   Department of Spine Surgery, Preethi Hospitals, Melur Main Road, Uthangudi, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India., Ramalingam Jeyashankaran Bharatkumar ,   Department of Spine Surgery, Preethi Hospitals, Melur Main Road, Uthangudi, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India., Muthu Chidambaram ,   Department of Spine Surgery, Preethi Hospitals, Melur Main Road, Uthangudi, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2024

Osteoid osteomas of spine are not uncommon and majority of which occurs in posterior elements of lumbar spine. Management of such lesions in spine ranges from open en bloc excision to percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. In this series, we have managed three cases of osteoid osteomas of spine, each managed differently from conventional open technique to minimally invasive method. All three cases underwent appropriate radiological investigations and followed by surgical excision of the lesion and histopathological analysis post-operatively. First case was managed with open excision of the lesion with conventional unilateral pedicle screw stabilisation. Second case, who underwent open excision of the lesion developed recurrence which was managed by re-excision without any further complications. Last case underwent microendoscopic quadrant tubular excision of the tumour with unilateral MISS with pedicle screws. The technique of Microendoscopic quadrant tubular excision of posterior element benign tumour had advantages of small skin incision, less bleeding, clear macroscopic visualisation of the small tumour (enables complete excision of the nidus thus decreasing the recurrence), early mobilisation and shorter hospitalization with effective and complete excision of the tumour better than open method. Further, histological evidence of tumour will be available. The complete excision of nidus using microendoscopic tubular retractors with unilateral fixation in young age gives encouraging results. This case series is followed by review of literature highlighting the role of COX-2 inhibitors in osteoid osteoma, cause for scoliosis and neurological deficit in osteoid osteoma and management of osteoid osteomas of spine. Keywords: Tumor, Osteoid osteoma, Minimally invasive, Dorsolumbar spine, Excision biopsy
Color quality improvement of Cherax quadricarinatus with dragon fruit peel meal utilization
Authors: Rakhmawati Rakhmawati , Aprilia Tulas , Indariyanti Nur , Saputra Andre , Marlina Eulis
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of dragon fruit peel meal utilization in the diet to improving the color quality of freshwater crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). This research was done from May to June 2022 at the Lampung State Polytechnic Fisheries Laboratory. The test animals used were freshwater crayfish with an average weight of 6.7 – 6.8 g/crayfish and a stocking density of 7 crayfish/aquarium. Feeding with a feeding rate of 3% twice a day. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 3 repetitions. The treatments were A = commercial feed (control), B = 5% dose, C = 10% dose, D = 15% dose, E = 20% dose. The parameters observed in this study were an increase in color quality and water quality. The results of this study indicate that the difference in the dose of red dragon fruit peel meal in the diets can have a significant effect on the color brightness of freshwater crayfish (86.01 in claws and 87.59 in Chepalotorax to teslon). The conclusion of this research is that supplementation of red dragon fruit peel meal mainly at a dose of 10% in the feed can improve the color quality of freshwater crayfish from brown to bluish color.Keywords:Dragon fruit peel meal UtilizationDietColor qualityCherax quadricarinatus
Diversity and density of marine intertidal gastropods in tropical seagrass beds at Oransbari Bay, South Manokwari - West Papua
Authors: Kolibongso Duaitd , Loinenak Frida A. , Manuputty Agnestesya
Published: January 2024

Gastropod communities are one of the important components of the food chain in seagrass meadows. This study aims to investigate the diversity of gastropods in the distribution of the seagrass beds at Oransbari Bay. This study was carried out in November 2022, using the line transect method. Data collection is carried out at three stations, where each station is divided into three transects. A total of 36 species consisting of 16 families and 5 orders, were recorded in this study. The total density of gastropods found in the waters of Oransbari Bay ranged from 5.77-9.43 ind/m2, with an average of 6.99 ± 2.10 ind/m2. Conus sp. has the highest density value of any gastropod. Meanwhile, for seagrasses, five species from four clans and two families were obtained. The percent cover of seagrass ranges from 17.05 ± 3.30% – 58.90 ± 22.90% with an average of 40.18 ± 21.3%. Halophila minor and Thallasia hempricii showed a positive correlation with gastropod density. The value of the gastropod diversity index is in the medium category, the gastropod evenness index is in the stable category, and the gastropod dominance index is in the low category. The results of this study provide a base for a proper gastropod checklist at Oransbari Bay. Future research is recommended that involves a more detailed studies on the feeding ecology and habitat preference of the gastropods.Keywords:DiversityDistributionGastropodsSeagrass bedsOransbari bay
Bio-ecological study on Aceh coast to determine mangrove ecosystem restoration areas suitability
Authors: Harefa Meilinda Suriani , Rohim Nur , Pramuja Imam , Harahap Putri Ramadayanti , Agustin Suciati , Siregar Kamaluddin , Sitanggang Jonatan Pardamean
Published: January 2024

Mangrove forests in Aceh are significant because of their roles in ecological, socio-economic, and socio-cultural aspects. Mangrove restoration efforts must be based on adequate land assessment and regular evaluation of the viability of planted mangroves. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the bio-ecological characteristics of mangrove planting locations and evaluate land suitability in the restoration areas in Aceh Besar (Layeun Village) and Aceh Jaya (Babah Ie, Ujong Sudeun and Keude Unga Villages). This study was conducted in the YAGASU restoration area in Aceh Besar and Aceh Jaya Regencies in September 2022. The primary data consisted of the physicochemical characteristics of the environment, biodiversity, land suitability index, and plant survival rates after 3- 6 months planted. Data were analyzed using correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), descriptive statistics, and land suitability index. The result showed that the physical-chemical parameters of the environment are suitable for supporting the growth of mangroves and the livelihoods of various communities. In the study areas, the communities include 8 mangroves, 15 fish, 19 benthic, 11 zooplankton, and 22 phytoplankton species. Layeun, Ujong Sudeun, and Keude Unga Villages were found to have better land suitability than Babah Ie Village. However, an evaluation of the results of planting monitoring showed that Layeun has the highest survival rate compared to the other three villages. The results showed that pests, including buffalo and crustaceans, as well as sea waves, and the duration of the tides inundating the water are the main factors causing mangrove mortality.Keywords:Mangrove restorationSuitabilityBio-ecological
The clove oil effect on faunting time and survival rate of Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Elfrida Elfrida , Munzir Abdullah , Lubis Amelia Sriwahyuni
Published: January 2024

To overcome excess residues and fish mortality rates during transportation, natural ingredients, namely clove oil, can be used. Compounds in clove oil are considered safe because they use natural ingredients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of using clove oil as an anesthetic agent with different doses on the length of time of unconsciousness and survival rate of tilapia. This research was conducted from May to June 2023. This research was carried out at the Bungus Fish Seed Center, Padang, and West Sumatera. The method used in this study is the experimental method. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment used in this study is use of clove oil with different doses. Treatment A1 = 0.5 ml L-1 water, A2 = 1 ml L-1 water, A3 = 1.5 ml L-1 water and A4 = 2 ml L-1 water. Observations of changes in tilapia behavior and water quality were analyzed descriptively, while the length of time of stupor and survival of tilapia obtained during the study were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). To see the differences between treatments, the Duncant Multiple Range Test (DMNRT) was performed. Data is processed using the SPSS 26 program. The conclusion that can be considered in this study is that the administration of clove oil with different doses as an anesthetic has a significant effect on the longest induction time, on the length of time the fish were unconscious, the length of time the fish regained consciousness and survival rate of tilapia. In treatment A2 with a dose of 1 mL L-1 of water, it was optimal to stun tilapia for 244 minutes with a survival of 88.89%.Keywords:Clove oilFish transportationTilapia
Effects of different feeding rate on growth and condition factor of Chitala lopis
Authors: Muslimin Boby , Dwirastina Mirna , Triwibowo Yulianto , Rachmi Indahsari Siti , Wibowo Arif , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Ginanjar Rendy , Zamroni Mochammad , Atmadi Prakoso Vitas , Apriyanti Dewi
Published: January 2024

Chitala lopis, also known as giant featherback, is a fully protected fish species on Indonesian official list due to the susceptibility to exploitation. Several studies showed that the conservation of aquatic resources, such as giant featherback, could be achieved through the implementation of fish farming practices and optimization of feed use. Therefore, this study aimed to determine effect of different feeding rate on growth pattern, performance, and condition factor of the first generation of giant featherback. The first generation of fish was collected from the natural reproduction of broodstock in the earthen ponds. A total of 5 samples were then randomly divided into three treatment groups and reared in the nine net cages installed in the earthen pond. The stocking density in each group was three fish per cage, and the treatments were carried out in triplicates. Feed given comprised fish bycatch as control (T0) (5% of the total weight) and freshwater shrimp, Caridina sp. with two different feeding rates, namely 5% (T1) and 7% (T2) of the total weight. The mean initial weight of all the samples in this study was 41 ± 3.85 g. The results showed that the highest survival and absolute growth rates (29.9±6.38 g, 78± 11%) were obtained in T1, but were not significantly different (p0.05). Furthermore, the highest average relative growth rate was also found in T1 (76.28±18.61%) and significantly different compared to other treatments (p0.05). Growth pattern of fish at the beginning of the experiment was negative allometric (0.54), showing a low correlation (0.03), but became positive allometric (4.17) at the end, with moderate correlation (0.66). The results also showed that the highest condition factor was obtained in T2 (0.78±0.03), and there was a significant effect (p0.05). Based on the results, Caridina sp. had a positive and significant impact on the weight growth of the first generation of giant featherback compared to other studies.Keywords:CultivationFeeding rateGiant featherbackCaridina sp.Rasbora sp.
Turbidity effect derived from palm oil mill effluent altered predation period of siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens, Regan 1910)
Authors: Zulfahmi Ilham , Batubara Agung Setia , Perdana Adli Waliul , Roza Zultira Harina , Nafis Badratun , Maghfiriadi Furqan
Published: January 2024

Contamination of palm oil mill effluent (POME) into water bodies potentially increases turbidity, resulting in disrupting aquatic organisms behaviour, including predation period. However, the effect of increased turbidity due to POME contamination toward the fish predation is still unexplored. Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) is one of the ideal test fish to investigate this effect. This study aims to analyze the effect of increased turbidity due to POME contamination toward the fish predation period of Siamese fighting  fish. The research design was completely randomized with six treatments (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 NTU) followed by five repetitions for each treatment. The experimental data parameters include the predation rate of Siamese fighting  fish during foraging activity, which was calculated from the percentage of the number of mosquito larvae consumed per 2 min during 15 min. The significance level of predation between treatments in each observation time period was analyzed using a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with the confidence interval set at the 95% level.  The results showed that at a turbidity level of 100 NTU, the predation period of Siamese fighting  fish had been altered. In the period of 0-2 min, the predation rate decreased significantly. Meanwhile, the predation rate increased significantly during the period of 2-4 and 8-10 min. This finding should be considered  to support POME remediation management, especially turbidity parameters.Keywords:POMEFeeding periodForaging areaTurbidity
Degradation of fishing grounds in North Waters of Banten Province, Indonesia
Authors: Limbong Mario , Simbolon Domu , Purbayanto Ari , Yusfiandayani Roza , Amri Khairul
Published: January 2024

The high level of fishing activity with small fishing vessels has resulted in relatively high utilization of marine space in coastal areas, manifesting changes in fishing grounds. Thus, this research aimed to analyze water quality, fishing intensity and to determine the level of degradation of fishing grounds in the northern waters of Banten Province. This research was conducted from June to August 2023 in the northern waters of Banten Province. Data collection was carried out using survey, remote sensing, and interview methods. Water quality data consisting of sea surface temperature, brightness, salinity, light attenuation coefficient, total suspended solids, and chlorophyll-a were analyzed descriptively. Eco-friendly capture fisheries data were taken directly from 120 fishermen and analyzed based on the CCRF criteria. Degradation status was determined by combining weight of water quality conditions and eco-friendly capture fisheries. Based on the research results, the northern waters of Banten Province is in good condition for biota life. Fishing equipment is dominated by eco-friendly fishing gear. Nevertheless, several parts of northern waters in Banten Province have experienced light degradation of fishing areas (18.28%) and the heavy degradation (7.71%). The use of marine space for capture fisheries in the northern waters of Banten Province is relatively high, around 50 units of fishing gear for 1 hectare of water.Keywords:EnvironmentFishing intensityFishing gearSpatial mappingWater quality
Obstacles to co-producing evaluation knowledge: power, control and voluntary sector dynamics
Authors: Warwick-Booth Louise , Cross Ruth , Woodall James
Published: January 2024

Background:

Despite literature recognising the huge potential of co-production as a positive approach to evidence creation, there is a dearth of evidence about how co-production principles can problematise knowledge exchange, specifically in evaluation work.

Aims:

To critically examine three evaluation projects commissioned by voluntary sector stakeholders to illustrate challenges in knowledge exchange linked to the co-production of evidence exchange.

Methods:

We critically compare the challenges experienced in co-producing evidence across three evaluations, reflecting on power dynamics, co-productive ways of working and emotions, which all impact upon successful knowledge exchange.

Findings:

In Project 1, internal monitoring data required for reporting was not shared. In Project 2, the commissioners’ need to evidence success resulted in limited knowledge sharing, with valuable learning about partnership issues and service delivery held internally. In Project 3, evidence demonstrating the failure of a local authority model of area management for community members was partially discredited by statutory stakeholders (state actors).

Discussion and conclusions:

Bias in evaluation reporting and academic publication can arise from current knowledge exchange processes, including co-production. Voluntary sector funding is problematic as stakeholders delivering programmes also commission evaluations. Knowledge exchange is influenced by vested interests arising from the political context in which data is gathered. Evaluators can face aggression, challenge and unfair treatment resulting in damaged relationships, and failures in knowledge exchange. The emotional elements of knowledge exchange remain under-reported. Varying and shifting power dynamics also limit knowledge exchange. Changing research practice, to support power sharing, needs further exploration to facilitate improved knowledge exchange.
Advertising Ethics: Documenting Its History and Evolution
Authors: Richards Jef I. , McAlister Anna R. , Susman Andrew , Snyder Wally
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This article provides an historical timeline of major milestones in the evolution of advertising ethics, from the 1850s to today. It documents the earliest initiatives to promote honor and decency within the advertising industry, along with the major efforts that followed. Despite decades of sporadic attempts to promote ethical codes and practices, a 2023 Gallup poll found that a majority of Americans still perceive the advertising industry to be dishonest and untrustworthy. The paper concludes with a look to the future and discussion of additional steps that various parties may take to promote ethical practices within the advertising industry.
Digital Collection: ADDS Project Newsletters from COVID's Early Years
Authors: Elven Tree
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This Digital Collection compiles twenty-nine of Tree Elven's weekly newsletters contextualizing international commercials for advertising agency and university subscribers to the ADDS Project newsletter in 2020 and 2021, during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Its immediacy transports readers back to moments and momentums in the two weeks that became two years. COVID was a game changer at individual and international levels, suffusing mainstream media. Trust became a shifting landscape, brands shifted their ground, and advertisers, like so many others, saw their business fall off a cliff. Not all the ads are about COVID: many are surprising reminders of what else was going on in the world during this time. This digital collection, thus, preserves advertising and responses to it in the time of COVID as so many around the world tried to figure things out.
Clark Atlanta University Talent Conference: Building Bridges: Strengthening Collaboration between Industry and Academia
Authors: Jenkins Joanna L. , Beato Singleton , Butler Simona Rabsatt , Thompson Brandon M.
Published: January 2024

Abstract: In September 2023, the Advertising Educational Foundation, as part of its HBCU Campus Connect program, sponsored the You Might Be a Marketer Conference at Clark Atlanta University for students there and from Spelman and Morehouse Colleges, two other Atlanta area HBCUs. Included in this conference was a session for faculty featuring a conversation about transformative outcomes coming from industry-academic collaborations. This article provides a recording of this dialogue. The session touches on the challenges faced, the need for dedication, and the importance of fresh approaches. The group also discusses examples, such as a collaboration involving high schools, the American Association of Advertising Agencies, P-TECH schools (Pathways in Technology Early College High School), and NASCAR's internship program. Overall, the group stresses the significance of industry-academic collaborations to help students maximize their potential through the practical application of critical thinking skills and knowledge gained through their college education
University and Its Other: On The Referent–We of Sylvia Wynter’s “No Humans Involved”
Authors: Chai Vero
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Sylvia Wynter ends her monumental essay “‘No Humans Involved:’ An Open Letter to My Colleagues” (1994) with an urgent call to address the dire condition of the jobless and poor: “We must now undo their narratively condemned status.” Who are “we”? The sentence separates the university and its “narratively condemned” other. In fact, what the pronoun “we” in the open letter refers to is situated and far from universal, for it is “we in academia” that institute the Western imperial constructs of race and class through “rigorous elaboration” of the present order of knowledge, the one that fails to register its misfits as humans, thus demoting them to the category of N.H.I. (“no humans involved”). I take Wynter’s letter as a point of departure by attending to its mode of address, its conscious use of the pronoun “we,” in light of her genealogy of the Eurocentric conceptions of humanity fundamentally entrenched in university vocation. In so doing, I re-raise the ethical and existential questions around the university, that is, its accountability for the enduring abjection of the N.H.I.-categorized Other, as well as the purpose and very reason for its being as an institutional structure.
Law of Obligations (North–South Mapping Project)
Authors: Hamill Sarah E. , Hackett Ciara
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT: In this paper we examine the law of obligations in Ireland and Northern Ireland. Given constraints of space, we focus on post-partition divergences and convergences. Rather than attempt to examine the totality of the law of obligations, we have focused on tort and contract, and in particular examples where divergence and convergence have been driven by case law and by statute. Thus, in tort law, our focus is on one tort based on case law, and one based in statute. Similarly in contract, we focus on three areas where changes have been driven by either statute or judicial reasoning.
Three Revisionary Implications of Buddhist Animal Ethics
Authors: Baker Calvin
Published: January 2024

Many accept the following three theses in animal ethics. First, although animal welfare should not be—or at least, need not be—our top moral priority, it is not a trivial one either. Second, if an animal is sentient, then it is a moral patient. Third, the extinction of an animal species is a tragic outcome that we have moral reason to prevent. I argue that a traditional (i.e., pre-modern) Buddhist perspective pushes against the first thesis and that a naturalized Buddhist perspective is inconsistent with the latter two.
Los Tarantos : Negotiations of Romani Catalan Identity Through Shakespeare
Authors: Raychawdhuri Anita
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This article analyzes Francisco Rovira Beleta’s film Los Tarantos (1963), a Spanish-language adaptation of William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet , arguing that the film’s representation of Catalan Roma subtly advances a critique of Franquista nationalism. The film is set in Barcelona, the capital of Catalonia, and is remembered for its preservation in film of the Somorrostro neighborhood, an area of Barcelona’s beachfront that was inhabited by poor Romani people but torn down in 1966, as well as for starring flamenco legend, Carmen Amaya, as Angustias (Lady Montague). Los Tarantos retells the feud of the Capulets and Montagues as a more recent, violent affair between the Tarantos and Zorongos. This article argues that, through its representation of bullfighting and flamenco, the film critiques the packaging of Spain by Franco’s government for tourist consumption. Los Tarantos contrasts bullfighting, which becomes evocative of violent machismo in its linkage to the film’s villain Curro Picado (Tybalt/Paris), with flamenco, which is positioned as a resistance to Franco’s nationalism due to its Romani roots. The film uses Shakespeare as a mask for its critique of Franquista machismo and the touristic takeover of Spain. Set in Catalonia, and made by a Catalan director, Los Tarantos critiques Spanish nationalism, suggesting possibilities for Catalonian self-determination and centering Catalan Roma and their political demands.
Futures Fixed and Foreclosed
Authors: Goodale Mark
Published: January 2024

Abstract: In considering the ways anthropological approaches to the future can help make sense of current debates around energy transition, it is important to understand that “the future” is not a singular temporal placeholder, a category that allows us to talk meaningfully about moments, or events, or epochs, or sequences of days, months, and years that might—or might not—be awaiting us. Even so, if the central paradox of the High Anthropocene is that we are fated to imagine alternative (energy) futures that are at the same time impossible, then the task of anthropology should be to help understand the consequences of this paradox for social life, its nuances, its forms of violence, and its “uncanny” affordances.
The Data Revolution and the Study of Social Inequality: Promise and Perils
Authors: Small Mario L.
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The social sciences are in the midst of a revolution in access to data, as governments and private companies have accumulated vast digital records of rapidly multiplying aspects of our lives and made those records available to researchers. The accessibility and comprehensiveness of the data are unprecedented. How will the data revolution affect the study of social inequality? I argue that the speed, breadth, and low cost with which large-scale data can be acquired promise a dramatic transformation in the questions we can answer, but this promise can be undercut by size-induced blindness, the tendency to ignore important limitations amidst a source with billions of data points. The likely consequences for what we know about the social world remain unclear.