bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propuesta de calificación en turismo en el territorio brasileño de la Ruta Bioceánica a la luz de la Política Nacional de Calificación en Turismo (PNCT)
Authors: De Oliveira Arruda Dyego , Zaczuk Bassinello Patricia , Souza Carla Cristina de , Pasquotto Mariani Milton Augusto
Published: December 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una propuesta para la difusión de acciones de capacitación profesional, técnica y humanística dirigidas al turismo en el territorio brasileño comprendido por la Ruta Bioceánica, teniendo como trasfondo las premisas fundamentales expresadas en la Política Nacional de Calificación en Turismo (PNCT). En general, vale decir que PNCT determinó un conjunto de directrices para las estrategias de calificación turística en Brasil, con el fin de incrementar la competitividad e importancia socioeconómica de esta actividad en el país. En términos metodológicos, se llevó a cabo una investigación con un enfoque cualitativo, en la que se realizaron seis ruedas de conversación con diferentes actores relacionados con el turismo en el territorio brasileño de la Ruta Bioceánica. Las ruedas de conversación, realizadas virtualmente, fueron grabadas, transcritas y analizadas a la luz del discurso expresado por los actores del turismo que participaron en los diálogos e interacciones promovidas a lo largo de la investigación. En resumen, los principales resultados del estudio apuntaron la existencia de tres ejes temáticos (Ecosistema Turístico, Cultura y Gobernanza y Tecnología) que estructuran las posibles acciones de habilitación de la Ruta Bioceánica. Además, el artículo también reveló la importancia de los órganos de gobernanza local/regional (como la Red Universitaria de la Ruta de Integración Latinoamericana - UniRila), además de la necesidad de insertar a las comunidades tradicionales en los procesos de calificación en turismo en el territorio brasileño de la Ruta Bioceánica.
Beyond the Bioceanic Route: indigenous crafts and the potential of ethno-tourism in the southwest of Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Luiz Alves Gilberto , Luciano Violin Fábio , Benites Maristela
Published: December 2021

The object of this article is the relationship between indigenous crafts and the potential of ethno-tourism in the southwest of Mato Grosso do Sul. With the implementation of the Bi-oceanic Route, government propaganda has been promising that this economic corridor will stimulate tourism, hence the objective of probing the potential of ethno-tourism in that region, which will directly suffer a great impact as a result of this large-scale undertaking. The theoretical-methodological framework is based on the basic assumption that human productions necessarily result from work, hence the need to treat them as social relations. Therefore, the object of research only acquires understanding within the most general frameworks of capitalist society, expressed by categories such as capital, labor, labor force, market, merchandise, among others. Regarding the methodology, the empirical data survey looked for primary sources of a documentary and imaginary nature, especially photographs. Systematic observations were also recovered in work siltation, carried out both in production and commercialization stations of indigenous artifacts. Secondary sources relevant to the object were also raised, such as catalogs, scientific articles, master's dissertations, doctoral theses, books, and book chapters. To make ethno-tourism viable, the general conclusion is that it invests in a set of initiatives, planned in an integrated and continuous manner within a permanent project. In this group, the improvement of ethnic artifacts is urgent; the recovery and systematic maintenance of the access roads to indigenous lands, as well as the restoration and adaptation of the buildings already available in the villages, with a view to adapting them to the provision of services and products to tourists.
Investigación turística en el Corredor Vial Bioceánico: aportes y desafíos para la construcción de territorios sostenibles
Authors: Mamede Simone Batista , Benites Maristela , Le Bourlegat Cleonice Alexandre
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las contribuciones de la investigación y los documentos producidos sobre el turismo, entre 2017-2019, sobre el área de influencia del Corredor de la Carretera Bioceánica en el tramo Campo Grande-Porto Murtinho, Brasil, en la construcción de territorios turísticos. Se trata de una investigación bibliográfica y documental, asociada a un relevamiento de trabajos científicos producidos por cuatro universidades regionales (UEMS, UCDB, UFMS y Uniderp-Anhanguera), Instituto Mamede de Investigaciones Ambientales y Ecoturismo y Instituto de Sostenibilidad Arara Azul, además de documentos de la Fundación de Turismo de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDTUR). Se identificaron 44 trabajos científicos, provenientes de investigaciones académicas, que abordan el turismo en el territorio de influencia inmediata del Corredor Vial Bioceánico, así como publicaciones y investigaciones realizadas por institutos de investigación en el área de ecoturismo y turismo científico e iniciativas gubernamentales para el fortalecimiento de Instancias de Gobiernos Regionales (IGRs). Si bien la apreciación de la naturaleza de los contenidos trabajados hasta ahora es relevante, existía una necesidad estratégica de trabajo articulado en red, desde la escala local hasta la multinacional. Además del rol integrador que puede jugar esta actividad en la construcción de un territorio latinoamericano, es necesario enfrentar los desafíos del turismo sostenible, más equitativo e inclusivo, respetando las culturas locales, regionales y nacionales.
Alianza entre las universidades del Corredor Bioceánico y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: Leiva Henrique Mario Gustavo , Alderete Barrios Teresa Dejesús , Galeano Sánchez Javier
Published: December 2021

Las universidades e instituciones de educación superior, pueden encontrar situaciones favorables para el logro de estados de sinergia con todos los sectores de la sociedad. Esta posibilidad se ve facilitada por la naturaleza integradora de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), de la Agenda 2030 de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU). Se cuentan con ejemplos a nivel mundial de alianzas universitarias, en las que se busca un compromiso con la Agenda 2030 de la ONU. La alianza entre las instituciones de educación superior que integran la La Red Universitaria de la Ruta de Integración Latinoamericana (UNIRILA), puede contribuir significativamente al logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, tanto en los países que integran el Corredor Bioceánico, como en cada una de sus localidades o comunidades. Además, las instituciones que integran la UNIRILA pueden liderar a nivel regional, la Red de Soluciones de Desarrollo Sostenibles (SDSN).
Analytical Studies about the Bioceanic Corridor
Authors: Parkinson de Castro João Carlos
Published: December 2021

The construction of the Bio-Oceanic Road Corridor is an extremely complex task, as it involves many difficulties and multiple actions that need to be implemented in order to integrate Mato Grosso do Sul, in Brazil, with the Northern Chilean ports, crossing huge land spaces in Paraguay and Argentina. Furthermore, the four countries have no intention to create merely a road or a trade corridor. The main objective is to transform the corridor into an economic and social development platform, capable of attracting additional investments, encouraging firm partnerships as well as strengthening territorial integration. By such a collective effort, the countries envisage bringing benefits not only to the private sector but also to local communities. In this context, it is compelling to understand the strengthens and weaknesses of the corridor, in order to guide policymakers on how to implement future actions, with a view to fully exploring all the advantages deriving from physical integration as well as overcoming foreseeable obstacles. This article will enable readers to identify the characteristics of each one of the regions covered by the corridor and, thereby, understand its advantages and disadvantages, but also to learn how the corridor will change their lives. Bio-Oceanic Road Corridor will deepen regional integration and provide trade operators with better and less costly access to Asian markets, to the US West Coast as well as to Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia. Thanks to a modern physical connection, exporters from Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina will be able to send abroad their goods in less time and lower costs, increasing competitiveness and adding value to the exported goods. In the same vein, raw materials and other inputs will be imported at lower costs, encouraging the development of industrial clusters as well as breaking up geographical isolations as well as providing an alternative to a logistics too dependent on the Atlantic Ocean.
Pourquoi et comment réguler la production et la consommation de produits animaux ? Le cas de l'Union européenne
Authors: GUYOMARD Hervé , BOUAMRA-MECHEMACHE Zohra , CHATELLIER Vincent , DELABY Luc , DÉTANG-DÉSSENDRE Cécile , PEYRAUD Jean-Louis , RÉQUILLART Vincent
Published: December 2021

Dans le monde entier, les productions animales sont aujourd’hui confrontées à des défis majeurs en matière de durabilité. Ces derniers sont exacerbés dans l'Union européenne (UE) où les questions relatives au réchauffement climatique, à l’environnement, à la santé humaine et au bien-être animal suscitent de nombreux débats. À côté des impacts négatifs, les productions animales peuvent également présenter des avantages sur les plans économique, territorial et nutritionnel. Certains systèmes d'élevage, notamment les systèmes herbagers, peuvent également avoir des effets positifs sur le climat et l'environnement. Les productions animales sont fortement régulées dans l'UE, alors que la consommation de produits animaux ne l'est pas ou très peu. Bon nombre des effets négatifs et positifs sont des biens publics, mal pris en compte par les acteurs privés et les marchés. Il existe donc une légitimité et une marge de manœuvre pour les politiques publiques visant à réduire les dommages et à augmenter les avantages de la production et de la consommation de produits animaux. La dernière partie de l'article explique comment cet objectif pourrait être atteint dans l'UE par le biais d'une Politique Agricole Commune (PAC) profondément révisée et basée sur les principes de l'économie publique.
COGNITIVE FOUNDATIONS OF IMPLEMENTING NOVEL GENRE CHARACTERISTICS (based on the analysis of “Never Let Me Go” by Kazuo Ishiguro)
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Boldyrev N.N. , Zhumagulova B.S. ,   Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages, Kurmanbayeva D.T. ,   Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages
Published: December 2021

The article analyses the role of chronotope in implementing genre characteristics of different types of novels within the frame of one novel in a cognitive approach perspective. The authors proceed from the theoretical assumption that the content of any novel represents a multidimensional knowledge of the matrix format comprising various types of conceptual domains as specific cognitive contexts. These contexts refer to the knowledge not only about the plot and the composition of the novel, but also about its genre characteristics and their individual interpretation by the author of the novel. Accordingly, they choose cognitive matrix analysis as the methodological basis of the research. Particular attention is focused on the analysis of general principles and mechanisms of the author's individual interpretation and implementation of the concept of chronotope, suggested by M.M. Bakhtin, within the framework of a specific novel. In relation to the novel under discussion the authors of the article model chronotope in the form of the cognitive matrix SPACE-TIME CONTINUUM and analyze its conceptual structure as it is seen by the author of the novel, as well as his choice of means of its representation in language. The results of the cognitive matrix and linguistic analysis lead to the conclusion that typical genre features of the novel are implemented through characteristics of the basic concepts of the respective conceptual domains and means of their linguistic representation. The article also argues close relationship between all of these characteristics and the dominant role of some of them in relation to the others.
SELF-REPAIR IN ABORTED UTTERANCES: A MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS OF SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Moscow State Linguistic University”, Leonteva A.V. , Agafonova O.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Moscow State Linguistic University”, Petrov A.A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Moscow State Linguistic University”
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of an empirical research dedicated to the co-occurrence of gestures and self-repairs in simultaneous interpreting. Self-repairs, viewed as a type of disfluencies, are divided into three categories: 1) a disfluency followed by a resolution (“positive” self-repair), 2) a disfluency consisting of repetition of the same lexical unit (“zero” self-repair); 3) an utterance truncated without a restart, which means that such a disfluency is not resolved. The study is based on the assumption that in simultaneous interpreting statistically significant correlation will be observed between various types of self-repair and various types of gestures, such as pragmatic, representational, deictic gestures and adapters. The data was obtained from 18 interpreters who were asked to interpret a popular science lecture from Russian into English. The material was analysed in ELAN and JAMOVI, and quantitative and statistical methods (T-test and ANOVA) were used to check on the hypotheses. The study revealed a strong correlation between self-repairs and gesture usage, which suggests that in moments of disfluency gestures facilitate speech. Concerning the relation between various types of self-repair and functional types of gestures, the hypothesis was not confirmed, although the statistics points to the fact that the simultaneous interpreters tend to use particular types of gestures with certain self-repairs.
NORMATIVE EVALUATION IN SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Shnyakina N.Y. , Klyoster A.M. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to the statement of the normative evaluation principles in the field of professional communication. The aim of the study is to formulate the normative evaluation principles in the German-language scientific discourse from a cognitive point of view. The theoretical task of the work is to model the patterns of existence in the mind of human’s normative evaluation; the practical significance lies in the review of linguistic means used to objectify various aspects of normative evaluation in the field of professional communication. The materials of the research were the examples from scientific and popular science articles. The main research method is contextual analysis, which guides the transition of thought from parts to the general meaning; the authors used elements of definitional analysis and a modeling method allowing to reflect the sequence of cognitive operations in a visual form. A comprehensive analysis of the examples allowed formulating a number of normative evaluation principles. The fundamental logical operations determining the expression of knowledge about the norm are comparison and prediction of the result. The established degree of the evaluated object conformity to the norm predetermines a person’s schematized knowledge of the coincidence with it or deviation from it.
ON THE TAXONOMY OF COURTROOM NARRATIVES
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Boginskaya O.A.
Published: December 2021

The study is based on the assumption about the narrative nature of courtroom discourse and aims at analyzing the structure and varieties of courtroom narrative. Courtroom narrative is defined as a way of organizing courtroom discourse whose propositional content is a story with crime event elements included in this story in their chronological sequence that correlate with reality and the speaker’s experience. Four classification criteria for courtroom narrative practices are proposed: 1) the degree of completeness; 2) the ways of description; 3) the type of determinants; 4) the way of reality representation. By the degree of completeness, there are complete and truncated narratives; by the way of description - neutral and evaluative; by the type of determinant - phenomenological and professional; by the way of representing reality - narrative construction and narrative reflection. The article concludes that the study of courtroom narrative is a promising research field, since there are avenues for researchers such as the status of interpretive schemes in the narrative, narrative structures in different legal cultures, the ratio of narrative and recontextualization.
SECONDARY PHENOMENA IN THE LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW (COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE)
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Vinogradova S.G.
Published: December 2021

The article opens with a brief overview of approaches to the study of secondary phenomena in the linguistic worldview. In particular, the author indicates the main reasons for secondary meaning formation including linguistic economy based on minimum of efforts aspiration and the associative and creative nature of human thinking. The author argues that in the framework of cognitive linguistics secondary meanings result from interpretation and the accompanying conceptual derivation and metarepresentation as processes of cognition. Such processes reflect a new understanding of the previously acquired knowledge, generating secondary conceptual structures, and choosing best ways of their anchoring in language considering cognitive dominants of linguistic consciousness as certain templates for construing reality through language. In the context of the above processes, the author examines secondary phenomena of the linguistic worldview analysing the examples of lexical and grammatical units of the English language. The discussion is focused on the outcomes of word formation in lexis, secondary interjections, secondary predicative structures, composite sentences.
INTERDISCOURSE SWITCHING IN DRAMA TEXT. GAZE PATTERNS AND COMPREHENSION CHECK RESULTS
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Kiose M.I. , Rzheshevskaya A.A. ,   Moscow State Linguistic University
Published: December 2021

The study explores the cognitive process of interdiscourse switching which occurs in reading drama plays with the author’s discourse fragments incorporated (Areas of Interest). The oculographic experiment reveals the gaze patterns and the discourse interpretation patterns, more and less typical of the process. The experiment is preceded by the parametric and annotation analysis of interdiscourse switching construal. Interestingly, there exist several construal parameter groups contingent with eye movement load redistribution, among them are Participant construal, Event construal, and Perspective construal. The results sufficed to show that construal effects also affect mentioning Areas of Interest in the subjects’ responses, the most significant influence is displayed by Participant Agentivity and Complexity parameters as well as by Event Type parameters.
COMMUNICATIVE AND SPEECH STRATEGIES OF MODERN EVENT REPORTAGE
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Kovaleva V.S. , Pokhalenkov O.E. ,   Kaluga State University named after K.E. Tsiolkovski, Shevarshinova E.I. ,   Kaluga State University named after K.E. Tsiolkovski
Published: December 2021

The article considers event reportage as one of the journalistic genres, which is the most important component of the mass communication discourse. The authors focus on the features of the communicative strategies of modern event reportage. The proposed comparative analysis is carried out by considering English and Russian reports. Two main communicative strategies of modern event reportages are identified as objective transmission of the news and the impact on the recipient with the help of the author's commentary on the described event. The communicative strategies of English event reportage have a deliberately emphasized focus on objective coverage of events and maximum restraint of the assessments included in it, while the communicative strategies of Russian reportage are aimed not only at covering the event, but also to a greater extent at its emotional and evaluative perception. The research of communicative strategies and their speech specifics of modern event reportage created in different languages shows the national linguistic and extra linguistic features of this popular journalistic genre.
ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION OF TIN–ZINC ALLOY FROM CITRATE–AMMONIA ELECTROLYTE
Authors: Deribo Svitlana Hermanivna , Leshchenko Serhii Anatoliiovych , Gomozov Valrii Pavlovych , Kovalenko Yuliia Ivanivna
Published: December 2021

The cathodic processes of electrochemical deposition of a tin–zinc alloy in citrate–ammonia electrolytes have been investigated. The content of the main components of the investigated electrolyte (g/dm3): SnCl2·2H2O – 44, ZnO – 4, NH4Cl – 100, Na3C6H5O7 – 100. Wood glue (1.5 g/dm3) and neonol (4 ml/dm3) were added to the electrolyte as surfactants. It was found that high–quality coatings are deposited without heating and stirring only in the pH range from 6,0 to 7,0. The addition of these substances to the electrolyte is predicted to lead to inhibition of the reduction of metals, an improvement in the crystal structure of the deposit, but decreases the cathodic current efficiency. Hull cell studies showed that an electrolyte containing neonol as a surfactant showed better throwing power compared to other solutions. The dependence of the current efficiency of the alloy on the cathode current density showed that in the range of current densities from 0.5 A/dm2 to 4 A/dm2, the current efficiency decreases nonlinearly from 82 % to 52 %. The experimentally obtained dependence of the zinc content in the alloy on the cathodic current density showed the possibility of obtaining alloys with a zinc content of 8 % to 33 %. The obtained results allowed us to determine that for the deposition of an alloy with a zinc content of 20–25 %, which provides the best anti–corrosion properties of the coating, it is necessary to carry out the process at a cathodic current density of 1,5–2,0 A/dm2, while the current efficiency is about 70 %, and the deposition rate alloy is 0,44–0,54 μm/min. The received coatings have a semi–bright appearance, a fine–grained structure, light gray color, they are strongly adhered to the substrate.
THERMAL INTEGRATION OF COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION UNITS IN DAIRY FACILITIES
Authors: Bykanov Serhii , Babak Babak Tetiana , Stotskyi Roman
Published: December 2021

The heat integration of an ammonia compression refrigeration unit, that is used in different dairy facilities, was carried out by the pinch analysis methods. The schematic diagram of such unit with a cooling capacity of 1000 kW was taken as a basis. The main cycle temperatures, refrigerant consumption and its specific heat capacity were calculated for a given refrigerating capacity. Based on these data, a stream table was formed, that included a hot stream of a refrigerant – ammonia – and also two cold streams: water for chemical water treatment and water for technology. The hot stream of ammonia was divided into three streams: cooling of ammonia vapors, condensation and subcooling. Heat capacities flowrates and heat loads (stream enthalpy change) of the streams were determined. The minimum temperature difference in heat exchangers DTmin = 8°С was determined on the basis of technical and economic calculations for this process. The composite curves were plotted for the minimum temperature difference. The pinch temperatures were determined by the problem table algorithm for the hot and cold streams. The minimum values of hot and cold utilities load (QHmin and QСmin) were determined. The heat recovery capacity was determined, which was 701.8 kW. A grid diagram was built and heat exchangers are arranged in accordance with CP and N rules. The retrofit of process flowsheet is proposed on the basis of the grid diagram that includes the installation of three heat exchangers, one cooler and two heaters to achieve the target temperatures and flow rates. The use of Alfa Laval plate heat exchangers is proposed as heat exchange equipment. The payback period of the design is about two years.
Integration of Geoscience and Engineering Concepts to Account for Natural Fractures in Fluid Flow within Shale Reservoirs
Authors: Kurison Clay , Hakami Ahmed M. , Kuleli Sadi H.
Published: December 2021

Unconventional shale reservoirs are characterized by low porosity and ultra-low permeability. Natural fractures are known to be present and considered a critical factor for the enhanced post-stimulation productivity. Accounting for natural fractures with existing techniques has not been widely adopted owing to their complexity or lack of validation. Ongoing research efforts are striving to understand how natural fractures can be accounted for and accurately modeled in fluid flow of the subject reservoirs. This study utilized Eagle Ford well data comprising reservoir properties, stimulation metrics, production, microseismicity and permeability measurements from a core plug. The methodology comprised use of production data to extract a linear flow regime parameter. This was coupled with fracture geometry, predicted from hydraulic fracture modeling and microseismicity, to estimate the system permeability. From interpreting microseismic events as slips on critically stressed natural fractures, explicit modeling incorporating a discrete fracture network (DFN) assumed activated natural fractures supplement conductive reservoir contact area. Thus, allowed the estimation of matrix permeability. For validation, the aforementioned was compared with core plug permeability measurements. Results from modeling of planar hydraulic fractures, with microseismicity as validation, predicted planar fracture geometry which when coupled with the linear flow parameter resulted in a system permeability. Incorporation of DFNs to account for activated natural fractures yielded matrix permeability in picodarcy range. A review of laboratory permeability measurements exhibited stress dependence with the value at the maximum experimental confining pressure of 4000 psi in the same range as the computed system permeability. However, the confining pressures used in the experiments were less than the in situ effective stress. Correction for representative stress yielded an ultra-low matrix permeability in the same range as the DFN-based picodarcy matrix permeability. Thus, supporting the adopted drainage architecture and often suggested role of natural fractures in shale reservoir fluid flow. This study presents a multi-discipline workflow to account for natural fractures, and contributes to understanding that will improve laboratory petrophysics and the overall reservoir characterization of the subject reservoirs. Given that the Eagle Ford is an analogue of emerging shales elsewhere, results from this study can be widely adopted.
Green Chemistry: Air-Triggered Catalyst- and Oxidant-Free Decarboxylative Oxysulfonylation of Arylpropiolic Acids With Sodium Sulfinates
Authors: Chen Xingyu , Chang Xiaoqiang , Zhang Shuaichen , Lu Sixian , Yang Lan , Sun Peng
Published: December 2021

The exploration of novel green synthetic strategies to obtain useful organic molecules is one of the most important missions for sustainable development. Herein, an efficient and sustainable decarboxylative oxysulfonylation between arylpropiolic acids and sodium sulfinates has been established, providing a broad scope of β-ketosulfones in excellent yields. The reactions proceed at room temperature employing air as the only oxidant and oxygen source without extra catalyst, oxidant, and additive. Additionally, the reaction is scalable, and the products have been easily isolated by simple recrystallization, avoiding the chromatographic purification. Mechanistic studies have also been conducted to reveal that the reaction proceed via a radical mechanism.
Relationship Between Occupational Noise and Hypertension in Modern Enterprise Workers: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Wu Xiaomei , Lan Yueyan , Zhang Xiaohong , Li Chaoxiu , Zhou Bo
Published: December 2021

Objective

Many epidemiological studies have reported an association between occupational noise exposure and hypertension among workers, but have failed to obtain conclusive results. Thus we aimed to assess whether there is a relationship between hypertension and occupational noise.
Methods

This study adopted a case–control design to verified the relationship of occupational noise and hypertension. This study included 1527 subjects (case group, 509 individuals; control group, 1018 individuals) from a modern automobile manufacturing company. The information includes the general characteristics, occupational factors, and data collected from physical examination, hematology and serology testing. Two-sample t-tests, The Chi-square test, the Ridit analysis method were used for comparing variables. A non-conditional logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis based on single factor analysis.
Results

Toxin exposure was found to be a risk factor for the occurrence of hypertension in workers who were exposed to noise in modern enterprises (OR=3.45).Heart rate was significantly different between the case and control groups (OR=5.98). Occupational noise exposure is a risk factor for hypertension, and the risk of hypertension for people exposed to noise intensity ≥80 dB is 2.23 times (95% CI 1.62–3.06) higher than that for people exposed to noise intensity <80 dB.
Conclusions

Occupational noise exposure is an independent risk factor for hypertension. it can be used to direct the new criteria of noise exposure limit to protect worker’s health.
The Different Classification of Hospitals Impact on the Equity of Medical Outcomes of Patients in China
Authors: Li Lele , Du Tiantian , zeng siyu
Published: December 2021

Background: In the context of Healthy China Strategy, the traditional idea that large hospitals provide better medical care is still deeply rooted in people's minds. The characteristics of the medical inverted pyramid structure—higher-level medical institutions are overwhelmed, while lower-level medical institutions are deserted—have existed for a long time. Because of the unreasonable allocation of resources, it is difficult to meet the healthcare needs of citizens and to establish a tiered delivery system. The objective of this paper is to study the effect of different classification of hospitals (COH) on the equity of Medical Outcomes of patients.Methods: The data used was from Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) enrolment records of Chengdu. We conducted a retrospective study and used Nested Multinomial Logit Model (NMNL) to estimate the effect of COH on the equity of Medical Outcomes.Results: COH had a significant effect on the equity of Medical Outcomes, but the effectiveness and direction of the hospital level on different outcomes were not consistent. The reimbursement rate, medical expenditures, gender, age, disease type and others factors were associated with the effect(p<0.01); length of stay has a limited effect on health outcomes. It was not the case that the longer the hospital stay was, the higher the quality of care would be. When COH was distinguished, there were significant differences in the effect of different levels of hospitals on the equity of Medical Outcomes. Horizontally speaking, hospitals of the same level had different effects on different the equity of Medical Outcomes(p<0.01). From a longitudinal perspective, different levels of hospitals had different effects on the equity of Medical Outcomes(p<0.01). It was not the case that the higher the level of hospital, the better the medical outcome. When hospital levels and disease types were distinguished, the effect of hospitals of different levels on the medical outcome of different disease types was significantly different.Conclusions: COH made a difference in the equity of Medical Outcomes. Hospitals of different levels should be reasonably selected according to disease types to achieve the optimal medical outcome. Therefore, China should promote the construction of a tiered delivery system.
Rapid Green synthesis of Nano SiO2 using Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf and evaluation of physicochemical quality attributes
Authors: Sankareswaran M , Sasivarnam M. , Anbukumaran A. , Rajiv P. , Dhanasekaran Sugapriya , Abomughaidv Mosleh Mohammad
Published: December 2021

The present study focused on determining the phytochemical analysis of the possible chemical groups present in leaves extract, green synthesis, its characterization, and applications. Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extract was used to synthesized the Silica nanoparticles. Green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques such as UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red, X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive X-Ray, Zeta Potential Analysis and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis. A UV-Visible spectrum of silica nanoparticles displayed an absorption peak at 280 nm, and FT-IR results highlighted the key bioactive compounds that could be responsible for capping and reduction of Silica nanoparticles. The XRD pattern analysis showed its crystalline nature and an average size is 24 nm. SEM analysis revealed that synthesized nanomaterials are spherical in shape. Silica nanoparticles showed excellent stability with negative zeta potential value (− 32 mV) and uniform dispersion in aqueous media. Moreover, the seed germination assay was carried out on Vigna radiata using the biogenic silica nanoparticles. The low concentration of silica nanoparticles was enhancing the seed germination. Meanwhile, the higher concentration of the silica nanoparticles decreased seed germination and shoot and root formation. Silica nanoparticles at optimum concentration could be used in the agriculture field as nano growth promoters.
Chaos Analysis of the Brain Topology in Grey Matter Images for the Recognition of Psychosis
Authors: Korda Alexandra I. , Avram Mihai , Andreou Christina , Martinetz Thomas , Borgwardt Stefan
Published: December 2021

Structural MRI studies in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and in clinical high risk (CHR) patients have consistently shown volumetric abnormalities in frontal, temporal, and cingulate cortex areas. The aim of the present study was to employ chaos analysis in the identification of people with psychosis. Structural MRI were acquired from 73 CHR, 77 FEP and 44 healthy controls (HC). Chaos analysis of the grey matter distribution was performed: first, the distances of each voxel from the center of mass in the grey matter image was calculated. Next, the distances multiplied by the voxel intensity was represented as a spatial-series, which then was analyzed by extracting the Largest-Lyapunov-Exponent (lambda). The lambda brain map depicts how the grey matter topology changes. The classification of a subject’s clinical status was finally predicted by a) comparing the lambda brain maps, which resulted in statistically significant differences in FEP and CHR compared to HC; and b) matching the lambda series with the Morlet wavelet, which resulted in 100% accuracy in distinguishing between FEP and CHR. The proposed framework using spatial-series extraction enhances the classification decision for FEP, CHR and HC subjects, verifies diagnosis-relevant features and may potentially contribute to the identification of structural biomarkers for psychosis.
Optimization Parameter for Micro-Gripper Based on Triple-Stair Compliant Mechanism Using GTs-TOPSIS
Authors: Wang Chia–Nan , Le Thi Diem-My
Published: December 2021

In manipulating the assembly of micro-components, the symmetrical microgripper mechanism often causes destruction, damaging the micro-components during manipulation. The reason is due to the phenomenon of non-uniform clamping force output of the clamp. From this disadvantage, a new asymmetric microgripper structure is proposed with stable output clamping force. The asymmetric microgripper structure will have a smaller output displacement than the symmetric structure. Therefore, to increase the output displacement gain, a flexible hinge with a triple stair half bridge-style mechanism is adopted to design the amplifier of the asymmetrical microgripper. The finite element method is applied to analyze the displacement and stress. The optimization process is performed based on the geometric parametric properties of the structure. Using the technology for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) based on the grey relationship analysis (GRA) obtained the maximal displacement output and minimal stress. The results show that the maximum output displacement is 5,818 mm, stress after analysis is 2,432MPa. The test is conducted to verify the optimal results and the effectiveness of the optimization method. Finally, experimental experiments were performed, with a 4.8% difference from the FEA results. The results from the experimental test verify that the microgripper's maximum displacement amplification ratio is approximately 58.2 times.
Simple Defocus Laser Irradiation to Suppress Self-Absorption in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
Authors: Marpaung Alion Mangasi , Harefa Edward , Pardede Marincan , Karnadi Indra , Hedwig Rinda , Tanra Ivan , Suliyanti Maria Margaretha , Lie Zener Sukra , Shiddiq Muhandis , Ramli Muliadi , Lahna Kurnia , Jobiliong Eric , Abdulmadjid Syahrun Nur , Idris Nasrullah , Khumaeni Ali , Setiabudi Wahyu , Suyanto Hery , Lie Tjung Jie , Kurniawan Koo Hendrik , Kagawa Kiichiro
Published: December 2021

This study introduces a novel and extremely simple way for suppressing the self-absorption effect in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) by utilizing a defocusing laser irradiation technique. It is claimed that defocusing laser irradiation produces more uniform laser plasma due to lower fluence than tight focus laser irradiation, hence greatly lowering the effect of self-absorption in the laser plasma. KCl and NaCl pellet samples were used to demonstrate this achievement. When the defocus position is adjusted to – 6 mm for KCl and NaCl samples, the self-reversal emission lines K I 766.4 nm, K I 769.9 nm, Na I 588.9 nm, and Na I 589.5 nm vanish. Meanwhile, the FWHM values of K I 766.4 and K I 769.9 nm are 0.29 nm and 0.23 nm, respectively, during -6 mm defocus laser irradiation, as opposed to 1.24 nm and 0.86 nm, under tight focus laser irradiation. Additionally, this work demonstrates that when the laser energy is changed in between 10 to 50 mJ, no self-reversal emission occurs when -6 mm defocus laser irradiation is applied. Finally, a linear calibration curve is generated using KCl at a high concentration ranging between K concentration from 16.6–29%. This simple change of defocus laser irradiation will undoubtedly contribute to the suppression of the self-absorption phenomenon, which disrupts LIBS analytical results.
Aspects Regarding the Redesign of a Component of the Vertical Lifting Module Used in Sustainable Production Management
Authors: Torcatoru Constantin , Săvescu Dan
Published: December 2021

To remain competitive on the market with a developed product, it’s very important to analyze the manufacturing costs and times, from the concept stage of the product. Design for manufacturing and assembly (DFMA) is one of the engineering methods that can be applied to reduce manufacturing costs and times, right from the design stage, without compromising product performance and reliability. The 3D modeling of the tray was made in Solidworks, and for the analysis of it’s manufacture and assembly, the Boothroyd and Dewhurst principle and recommendations from the DFMA software were followed. This paper presents a case study for a subassembly called a tray, used in automatic vertical storage systems. For the redesigned model, substantial improvements were obtained, through cost reductions of 12% and an increase in design efficiency from 4.86 to 12.03. Product analysis using DFMA has proven to be a key point in the development of a product that meets engineers.
The CYP24A1 Gene Variant rs2762943 Is Associated With Low Serum 1,25- Dihydroxyvitamin D Levels In Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Malhotra Sunny , Midaglia Luciana , Chuquisana Omar , Patsopoulos Nikolaos A , Ferrer Roser , Giralt Marina , Fissolo Nicolas , Gil-Varea Elia , Lünemann Jan D , Montalban Xavier , Comabella Manuel
Published: December 2021

Background: Vitamin D is considered to play a role in multiple sclerosis (MS) etiopathogenesis. We recently identified a polymorphism located in the cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 (CYP24A1) gene, rs2762943, that was found to be associated with an increased risk for MS. CYP24A1 codes for a protein that is involved in the catabolism of the active form of vitamin D. Here, we investigated the immunological effects of carrying the risk allele for the rs2762943 polymorphism, as well as its role as genetic modifier in MS patients. Methods: Serum levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) were measured in a cohort of 167 MS patients. In a subgroup of these patients, expression levels of MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules were determined by flow cytometry in blood cell populations, and the levels of proinflammatory (IFNG, GM-CSF, CXCL13) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines and neurofilament light chain were measured by single-molecule array assays in serum samples. The effect of the rs2762943 polymorphism on disease activity and disability progression measures was evaluated in a cohort of 340 MS patients. Results: Compared to non-carriers, MS patients carrying the risk allele for rs2762943 were characterized by reduced levels of 1,25(OH)2D (p=0.0001), and elevated levels of IFNG (p=0.03) and GM-CSF (p=0.008), whereas no significant differences were observed between risk allele carriers and non-carriers groups for the other evaluated markers. The presence of the risk allele for rs2762943 had no significant impact on the annualized relapse rate, EDSS and MSSS measures during follow-up. However, risk allele carriers were younger at disease onset (p=0.04). Discussion: These findings suggest that the CYP24A1 rs2762943 gene variant plays a more important role on MS susceptibility than on disease prognosis, and is associated with lower 1,25(OH)2D levels and heightened pro-inflammatory environment in MS patients.
CH02 Peptide Promotes CD34+ Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells Ex Vivo Expansion
Authors: Yang Yiqi , Zhang Bihui , Xie Junye , Cai Yuling , Liu Jia , Zhang Yibo , Cao Jieqiong , Su Zijian , Zhang Jinting , Meng Qilin , Li Jingsheng , Li Fu , Zhai Zhaodong , Liu Bin , Hong An , Chen Xiaojia
Published: December 2021

Background: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been clinically used for human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation. However, limited numbers of the functional UCB-HSCs from single cord blood restricts its application in adults, while most of the strategies for stem cells expansion in vitro are either inefficient or costly. To overcome these obstacles, we evaluated the potential role of our newly identified CH02 peptide in ex vivo culture expansion of CD34+ UCB-HSCs. Methods: Enriched human CD34+ progenitor/stem cells populations were cultured in serum-free medium supplemented with different cytokines combinations for 8 days. These cytokines combinations included various concentration of CH02 peptide or the FLT3 ligand, with a cocktail of several growth factors such as IL-6, SCF and TPO. In addition, the global gene expression profile of the CD34+ cells cultured under different conditions were monitored through RNA-seq experiments. Furthermore, the expanded CD34+ cells were topically transplanted into the dorsal wounds of diabetic mice, and the wound closure was observed to evaluate the pro-repair ability of CH02-cultured CD34+ cells.Results: We herein report that the combination of CH02 peptide and other cytokines under the serum-free medium can effectively expand the CD34+ HSCs into 12-fold within 7 days while maintaining their stem cell properties. Moreover, CH02 peptide increased the anti-inflammatory and growth-promoting capacity of CD34+ cells, and thus accelerating wound healing of diabetic mice via promoting the anti-inflammatory and inhibiting the inflammatory factors.Conclusions: Together, our CH02 peptide demonstrated promising potentials to improve HSCs expansion for clinical application.
New Directions in Quantum Computing for a Tectonic Shift of Technological Change
Authors: Coccia Mario
Published: December 2021

Quantum computer and computing are areas of theoretical and experimental research having a phase of growth that can generate a tectonic shift of the evolution of technology in society. The scientific and technological development in quantum research is due to a range of driving technological trajectories that are growing to solve more and more complex problems. The goal of this study is to detect emerging research fields and technological trajectories of quantum computing to explain and generalize, whenever possible, the technological characteristics of evolutionary dynamics in science and technology. Database of Scopus concerning documents and patents is used for statistical analyses to determine the growth of research fields and technological trajectories having a high potential impact in science and society. Results suggest that quantum research is driven by emerging scientific and technological trajectories given by Qubits, Quantum optics, Quantum circuit, Semiconductor quantum dots and quantum information. Overall, this study explains, whenever possible, emerging research fields and technological technologies in quantum computing that support scientific and technological change directed to future economic and social progress. Finally, technology analysis of this study can help policymakers to support the allocation of resources for all areas of Quantum Science having a high potential of growth and positive impact in science and society.
A Computer Science Unplugged Activity: CityMap
Authors: YILDIZ Merve , KARAL Hasan
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the process of writing algorithms using step by step instructions of students through computer science unplugged activity. Accordingly, CityMap activity which is related to daily life and scenario based was developed. The aim of this activity is to write algorithms of going from one place to another using step by step instructions. The rules are also to reach the destination with the shortest way and the least number of steps using correct instructions. The study group consists of 15 sixth grade students. The case study was used as a research method.  For the activity, a map and a worksheet designed by the researchers were used as data collection tools and an answer key was used for the analysis. Both individual and group evaluation were made and for this process gamification components were used. The findings revealed that students could wrote algorithms step by step instructions for the tasks determined in the activity. In addition, it was concluded that using of the gamification components made the activity more enjoyable and the students be motivated towards learning of computer science.