bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Synergy between Human Symbionts
Bacteroides
and
Methanobrevibacter
Authors: Catlett Jennie L. , Carr Sean , Cashman Mikaela , Smith Megan D. , Walter Mary , Sakkaff Zahmeeth , Kelley Christine , Pierobon Massimiliano , Cohen Myra B. , Buan Nicole R.
Published: May 2022

The human gut functions through a complex system of interactions between the host human tissue and the microbes which inhabit it. These diverse interactions are difficult to model or examine under controlled laboratory conditions.
Use of epidurography in the perioperative and acute pain setting
Authors: Coleman John Robert , Hartmann Patrick , Kona Matthew , Thiele Robert A , Salajegheh Reza , Hanson Neil A
Published: May 2022

Ensuring proper placement of epidural catheters is critical to improving their reliability for pain control and maintaining confidence in their continued use. This article will seek to address the role of objective confirmation of successful epidural placement via either single view or continuous epidural contrast studies, each creating an ‘epidurogram.’ Furthermore, the pertinent anatomical corollaries of continuous fluoroscopy used frequently in chronic pain medicine, from which these techniques emerged, will be addressed. Technical radiographic information needed to better understand and troubleshoot these studies is also included. Image examples which highlight the patterns key for successful interpretation of epidurograms will be provided. The aim of this paper was to provide an anesthesiologist unfamiliar with fluoroscopic evaluation of epidural catheters with the tools necessary to successfully conduct and interpret such an examination.
Pruritus, neuraxial morphine and recrudescence of oral herpes simplex and treatment: an educational review in obstetric patients
Authors: Van de Putte Peter , Jahr Jonathan S , Gieraerts Roland , Hanam-Jahr Jamielynn , Van de Velde Marc
Published: May 2022

Neuraxial opioids are well known to cause itching, which may be challenging to treat. Neuraxial morphine has been demonstrated to cause recrudescent herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1), especially in women during labor and childbirth with neuraxial analgesia, and may be an occult etiology of refractory itching. This educational review summaries the clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with recrudescent HSV-1 in patients treated with neuraxial opioids, especially morphine
The matrix optimum filter for low temperature detectors dead-time reduction
Authors: Borghesi Matteo , Faverzani Marco , Ferrari Cecilia , Ferri Elena , Giachero Andrea , Nucciotti Angelo , Origo Luca
Published: May 2022

Experiments aiming at high sensitivities usually demand for a very high statistics in order to reach more precise measurements. However, for those exploiting Low Temperature Detectors (LTDs), a high source activity may represent a drawback, if the events rate becomes comparable with the detector characteristic temporal response. Indeed, since commonly used optimum filtering approaches can only process LTDs signals well isolated in time, a non-negligible part of the recorded experimental data-set is discarded and hence constitute the dead-time. In the presented study we demonstrate that, thanks to the matrix optimum filtering approach, the dead-time of an experiment exploiting LTDs can be strongly reduced.
Optical properties of null geodesics emerging from dynamical systems
Authors: Batic D. , Chanda S. , Guha P.
Published: May 2022

We study optical metrics via null geodesics as a central force system, deduce the related Binet equation and apply the analysis to certain solutions of Einstein’s equations with and without spherical symmetry. A general formula for the deflection angle in the weak lensing regime for the Schwarzschild-Tangherlini (ST) metric is derived. In addition, we obtain a new weak lensing formula for the deflection angle on the equatorial plane of a Kerr black hole (BH). We also explore the bending of light by considering the gravitational objects described by the Tomimatsu–Sato (TS) metric.
First-principles study of structural, electronic, elastic and dielectric properties of RbLi2(NH2)3, LiH and LiNH2
Authors: Bai Zhi-Xin , Zeng Wei , Tang Bin , Fan Dai-He , Liu Qi-Jun , Jiang Cheng-Lu , Chang Xiang-Hui
Published: May 2022

Based on the first-principles density-functional theory, the structural, electronic, elastic and dielectric properties of RbLi2(NH[Formula: see text], LiH and LiNH2 are calculated. We have analyzed the bond information in detail, where the atom Li in crystal is represented in ionic characteristics mostly. The small covalent bond behaviors are also captured between atom Li and others. The ionic characteristics with tiny covalent bonds are obviously beneficial to electrons for storage capacity and transferring. The mechanical properties of three crystals reveal that LiH has a strong resistance to deformation. It is predicted that LiH has a long service life as a battery in terms of deformation. The dielectric constant reveals that LiH has a better storage capacity than that of LiNH2. Additionally, LiH has low formation energy, where the harder substance is, the easier formation is.
Impact of magnetized radiative flow of sutterby nanofluid subjected to convectively heated wedge
Authors: Khan W. A. , Arshad Z. , Hobiny A. , Saleem S. , Al-Zubaidi A. , Irfan M.
Published: May 2022

In the recent years, nanotechnologies have been widely used in several fields regarding their rapid developments which creates a lot of prospects for researchers and engineers. More specifically, replacement of conventional liquids with nanoliquids is considered as an innovative solution to heat transfer problems. Keeping the aforesaid pragmatism of nanofluid in view, we have considered a time-dependent mathematical model to formulate the heat sink–source-based Sutterby liquid under thermophoretic and Brownian movements with wedge geometry. Additionally, convective condition, heat sink/source and chemical reaction properties are considered. Appropriate similarity transformations are used to obtain ordinary differential equations (ODEs) from the corresponding PDEs. Furthermore, coupled ODEs are tackled numerically by technique bvp4c in MATLAB. Discussion for thermal and concentration distribution is also presented graphically. Moreover, the temperature field enhance for Brownian parameter and decays for concentration field in this study. A similar impact has been examined for unsteadiness and chemical reaction parameters on concentration plot. Thermal distribution declines for boosted Prandtl number.
Mathematical and Circuit Level Analysis Interpretation and Recommendations on Neuron Models
Authors: Sheriff I. Munavar , Sakthivel R.
Published: May 2022

Contrary to von Neumann computer architecture, neuromorphic computing is a biologically inspired method for building several sorts of brain-inspired computers. This computer technology uses silicon neurons and synapses to solve difficult machine learning and AI challenges. The goal of neuromorphic computing is to build a brain-like ability to compute, learn, and adapt. Building an appropriate neuroscience model, establishing a new architecture, modeling new devices, finding new materials for the devices, programming framework, and applications for these neuromorphic devices are major technological challenges. This study covers numerous neuron models from Hodgkin–Huxley to I&F, mathematical equations, circuit level analysis and motivations for neuromorphic computing. Here some of the most useful silicon neuron models are discussed in terms of biological plausibility, computational efficiency, and temperature dependency. This survey shows that more than 52 transistors make up the silicon HH neuron, which occupies less than 0.01[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] and consumes 60[Formula: see text]uW of power. On the other hand, an I&F neuron needs less than 20 transistors, occupies 442[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] and consumes 40[Formula: see text]pW of power.
Geodesics and shadow formed by a rotating Gauss–Bonnet black hole in AdS spacetime
Authors: Zahid Muhammad , Khan Saeed Ullah , Ren Jingli , Rayimbaev Javlon
Published: May 2022

The latest findings of static and spherically symmetric black hole solution give a potential platform to investigate the novel four-dimensional Einstein Gauss–Bonnet gravity. In order to obtain a rotating black hole solution, we first adopt the Newman Janis algorithm and study the structure of its horizons. To analyze the said black hole shadow, we move forward to compute expressions of the celestial coordinates using the geodesic equations. Furthermore, we provide a detailed analysis of the shadow size and its distortion parameter, adopting the Hioki and Maeda method, together with the applications of a supermassive black hole shadow in the center of nearby galaxy Messier 87 and obtained constraints on the relationships of spin and charge. From the obtained results, we demonstrate that both spin and coupling parameters of the black hole have a substantial influence on shadow structure. The increment in the values of these parameters diminishes the shadow radius. We also study the energy emission rate using the Hawking temperature. Furthermore, it is shown that whenever the collision of two electrically neutral test particles takes place in the vicinity of the black hole horizon, the Gauss–Bonnet black hole may serve as a particle accelerator with an infinitely large center of mass energy.
Effect of Control–Structure Interaction Using Torsional Servomotor for Active Tuned Mass Damper Control System
Authors: Yan Xiao , Xu Zhao-Dong , Shi Qing-Xuan , Dai Jun
Published: May 2022

The control–structure interaction (CSI) affects the performance and robustness of protective structures in active control system, and it is important to consider the CSI effect to achieve high performance in structural vibration control. In this paper, the electro-mechanical model of the torsional servomotor is derived by establishing dynamic voltage equilibrium equation. Three different active control models (non-CSI, reduced-order CSI, and higher-order CSI model) which considering different accuracy requirements of the electro-mechanical relationship are established to investigate the influence of the CSI on active tuned mass damper (ATMD) control system. The frequency- and time-domain responses of a three-story steel frame structure during different excitations are investigated, and as a comparison, the responses of the uncontrolled and tuned mass damper (TMD) control system are also studied. It can be concluded that the control performance of the active control system is reduced due to the CSI effect, especially at resonance frequency region of the structure (around 2.7 Hz, 8.2 Hz, and 13.2 Hz). The input voltage, velocity of the top floor, velocity of active mass, and higher-order of control forces have an important influence on the servomotor output control force. Furthermore, it can be found that, to achieve the same control effect, the required control voltage has been significantly increased due to the CSI effect.
“A Large Playground”: Examining the Current State and Implications of Conversational Agent Adoption in Organizations
Authors: Araujo Theo , van Zoonen Ward , ter Hoeven Claartje
Published: May 2022

This study explores the short- and long-term expectations about adoption of conversational agents in the organizational frontline. Drawing from in-depth interviews with managers and developers in organizations that have implemented these agents, it sheds light on how the deployment of and collaboration with technology-based autonomous agents influences service activities, and expectations of changes in organizational processes. The interviews revealed that implementations are done on a rather iterative and experimental basis, often balancing the current limits of technology while aiming at improved efficiency, augmenting the work of frontline employees, and meeting the ever-growing demands from consumers.
Sommes courtes de certaines fonctions multiplicatives
Authors: Labihi O. , Raouj A.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to establish upper bounds for some short sums of a class of multiplicative functions over integers with certain restrictions on the number of prime factors. More precisely, we consider sums expressed in the form [Formula: see text]; or more generally [Formula: see text] where f is a positive multiplicative function, G is a polynomial with integer coefficients, and as usual, [Formula: see text] denotes the number of distinct prime factors of the integer m.
A visualization of the classical musical tradition
Authors: He Yang-Hui
Published: May 2022

In the spirit of cross-disciplinarity and data mining, we take a mathematician’s perspective on some musicology. A study of around 13,000 musical compositions from the Western classical tradition is carried out, spanning 33 major composers from the Baroque to the Romantic, with a focus on the usage of major/ minor key signatures. A two-dimensional (2D) chromatic diagram is proposed to succinctly visualize the data. The diagram is found to be useful not only in distinguishing style and period, but also in tracking the career development of a particular composer.
Centimeter-wave Free-space Neural Time-of-Flight Imaging
Authors: Baek Seung-Hwan , Walsh Noah , Chugunov Ilya , Shi Zheng , Heide Felix
Published: May 2022

Depth sensors have emerged as a cornerstone sensor modality with diverse applications in personal hand-held devices, robotics, scientific imaging, autonomous vehicles, and more. In particular, correlation Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors have found widespread adoption for meter-scale indoor applications such as object tracking and pose estimation. While they offer high depth resolution at competitive costs, the precision of these indirect ToF sensors is fundamentally limited by their modulation contrast, which is in turn limited by the effects of photo-conversion noise. In contrast, optical interferometric methods can leverage short illumination modulation wavelengths to achieve depth precision three orders of magnitude greater than ToF, but typically find their range is restricted to the sub-centimeter.

In this work, we merge concepts from both correlation ToF design and interferometric imaging; a step towards bridging the gap between these methods. We propose a computational ToF imaging method that optically computes the GHz ToF correlation signal in free space before photo-conversion. To acquire a depth map, we scan a scene point-wise and computationally unwrap the collected correlation measurements. Specifically, we repurpose electro-optical modulators used in optical communication for ToF imaging with centimeter-wave signals, and achieve all-optical correlation at 7.15 GHz and 14.32 GHz modulation frequencies. While GHz modulation frequencies increase depth precision, these high modulation rates also pose a technical challenge. They result in dozens of wraps per meter which cannot be estimated robustly by existing phase unwrapping methods. We tackle this problem with a proposed segmentation-inspired
phase unwrapping network
, which exploits the correlation of adjacent GHz phase measurements to classify regions into their respective wrap counts. We validate this method in simulation and experimentally, and demonstrate precise depth sensing using centimeter wave modulation that is robust to surface texture and ambient light. Compared to existing analog demodulation methods, the proposed system outperforms all of them across all tested scenarios.

CCS Concepts: • 
Computing methodologies
;
A Case in Point: Verification and Testing of a EULYNX Interface
Authors: Bouwman Mark , van der Wal Djurre , Luttik Bas , Stoelinga Mariëlle , Rensink Arend
Published: May 2022

We present a case study on the application of formal methods in the railway domain. The case study is part of the FormaSig project, which aims to support the development of EULYNX — a European standard defining generic interfaces for railway equipment — using formal methods. We translate the semi-formal SysML models created within EULYNX to formal mCRL2 models. By adopting a model-centric approach in which a formal model is used both for analyzing the quality of the EULYNX specification and for automated compliance testing, a high degree of traceability is achieved.

The target of our case study is the EULYNX Point subsystem interface. We present a detailed catalog of the safety requirements, and provide counterexamples that show that some of them do not hold without specific fairness assumptions. We also use the mCRL2 model to generate both random and guided tests, which we apply to a third-party software simulator. We share metrics on the coverage and execution time of the tests, which show that guided testing outperforms random testing. The test results indicate several discrepancies between the model and the simulator. One of these discrepancies is caused by a fault in the simulator, the others are caused by false positives, i.e. an over-approximation of fail verdicts by our test setup.
Integrated Exertion—Understanding the Design of Human–Computer Integration in an Exertion Context
Authors: Andres Josh , Semertzidis Nathan , Li Zhuying , Wang Yan , Floyd Mueller Florian
Published: May 2022

Human–computer interaction (HCI) is increasingly interested in supporting exertion experiences so more people can benefit from physical activity. So far, most systems have focused on sensing and presenting information to the user via screens to support the exertion experience. Interestingly, emerging technology can also act on the exerting user's body based on sensed information, granting researchers the potential to develop technology that not only “presents” but also “acts” on information throughout an integrated exertion experience. As a result, design opportunities surrounding computing machinery as contextually aware exertion partners are now available. However, there are currently no frameworks to guide the design of human–computer integration in an exertion context. To contribute to closing this gap, we designed three eBike systems to investigate different forms of integration with the exerting user and we studied the resulting user experiences. Based on the results of these three case studies, we present the first framework, including associated design tactics, to offer guidance on how to design human–computer integration in an exertion context.
6TiSCH – IPv6 Enabled Open Stack IoT Network Formation: A Review
Authors: Kalita Alakesh , Khatua Manas
Published: May 2022

The IPv6 over IEEE 802.15.4e TSCH mode (6TiSCH) network is intended to provide reliable and delay bounded communication in multi-hop and scalable Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). The IEEE 802.15.4e Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) link layer protocol allows the nodes to change their physical channel after each transmission to eliminate interference and multi-path fading on the channels. However, due to this feature, new nodes (aka pledges) take more time to join the 6TiSCH network, resulting in significant energy consumption and inefficient data transmission, which makes the communication unreliable. Therefore, the formation of 6TiSCH network has gained immense interest among the researchers. To date, numerous solutions have been offered by various researchers in order to speed up the formation of 6TiSCH networks. This article briefly discusses about the 6TiSCH network and its formation process, followed by a detailed survey on the works that considered 6TiSCH network formation. We also perform theoretical analysis and real testbed experiments for a better understanding of the existing works related to 6TiSCH network formation. This article is concluded after summarizing the research challenges in 6TiSCH network formation and providing a few open issues in this domain of work.
Inequality and the COVID-19 Crisis in the United Kingdom
Authors: Blundell Richard , Costa Dias Monica , Cribb Jonathan , Joyce Robert , Waters Tom , Wernham Thomas , Xu Xiaowei
Published: May 2022

We review the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on inequalities in education, the labor market, household living standards, mental health, and wealth in the United Kingdom. The pandemic has pushed up inequalities on several dimensions. School closures, in particular, disrupted the learning of poorer children, leading to lower attainment. Mental health worsened for those groups (women and younger adults) who had poorer mental health pre-pandemic. Lockdowns and social distancing particularly reduced the ability of younger, lower-earning, and less educated people to work. However, job-support programs combined with the expanded welfare system meant that, if anything, disposable income inequality fell. Rising house prices have benefited people around the middle of the wealth distribution. In the longer term, lower work experience and training for the less educated and missed schooling—particularly among children from more deprived families—could push up human capital inequalities and reduce social mobility.
Advancing Pharmacogenomics from Single-Gene to Preemptive Testing
Authors: Haidar Cyrine E. , Crews Kristine R. , Hoffman James M. , Relling Mary V. , Caudle Kelly E.
Published: May 2022

Pharmacogenomic testing can be an effective tool to enhance medication safety and efficacy. Pharmacogenomically actionable medications are widely used, and approximately 90–95% of individuals have an actionable genotype for at least one pharmacogene. For pharmacogenomic testing to have the greatest impact on medication safety and clinical care, genetic information should be made available at the time of prescribing (preemptive testing). However, the use of preemptive pharmacogenomic testing is associated with some logistical concerns, such as consistent reimbursement, processes for reporting preemptive results over an individual's lifetime, and result portability. Lessons can be learned from institutions that have implemented preemptive pharmacogenomic testing. In this review, we discuss the rationale and best practices for implementing pharmacogenomics preemptively.
Exploration of the Potential Mechanism of the Common Differentially Expressed Genes in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Zhou Zhiyu , Meng Li , Cai Yawen , Yan Wannian , Bai Yun , Chen Jia
Published: May 2022

Backgrounds. Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are two common chronic inflammatory skin diseases that enormously deteriorate the psycho‐physical and socio‐economic condition of the patients. Although differential immune responses have been found to operate in the pathomechanisms of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, the epidermal keratinocytes are the major targets in both diseases, and sometimes, they show similar clinical presentations. The skin barrier, itching, and inflammation are current and future treatment targets for both of them, but the relevant shared mechanisms of the two diseases are far from understood. Methods. The differential analyses of GSE14905 (psoriasis) and GSE32924 (atopic dermatitis) deposited in GEO database were conducted and obtained their differential expressed genes. Moreover, PPI, functional modules, GO, and KEGG enrichment analyses were used for the further analysis. The mouse models of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis were established, and then, RT‐qPCR and Western blotting assay were performed to check the abundant changes of hub genes. Results. There are 732 differentially expressed genes in psoriasis versus nonlesional skin samples. Besides, 611 differentially expressed genes were identified in atopic dermatitis versus nonlesional skin data sets. Based on these differentially expressed genes, we predicted their joint and individual protein‐protein interaction networks and functional modules in both psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Through the PPI network of genes, we calculated the hub nodes and do the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of overlapped genes of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, which suggested there were some terms like “positive regulation of interleukin‐12 production,” “centromeric region,” and “TNF signaling pathway.” Conclusion. We constructed the predicted PPI networks and functional modules related to psoriasis and atopic dermatitis and distinguished the key candidate target genes CXCL8, STAT1, and MMP9 in the diagnosis and therapy of similar pathogenesis.
Artificial Intelligence: A Universal Virtual Tool to Augment Tutoring in Higher Education
Authors: Hemachandran K. , Verma Priti , Pareek Purvi , Arora Nidhi , Rajesh Kumar Korupalli V. , Ahanger Tariq Ahamed , Pise Anil Audumbar , Ratna Rajnish
Published: May 2022

Artificial intelligence is an emerging technology that revolutionizes human lives. Despite the fact that this technology is used in higher education, many professors are unaware of it. In this current scenario, there is a huge need to arise, implement information bridge technology, and enhance communication in the classroom. Through this paper, the authors try to predict the future of higher education with the help of artificial intelligence. This research article throws light on the current education system the problems faced by the subject faculties, students, changing government rules, and regulations in the educational sector. Various arguments and challenges on the implementation of artificial intelligence are prevailing in the educational sector. In this concern, we have built a use case model by using a student assessment data of our students and then built a synthesized using generative adversarial network (GAN). The dataset analyzed, visualized, and fed to different machine learning algorithms such as logistic Regression (LR), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), classification and regression trees (CART), naive Bayes (NB), support vector machines (SVM), and finally random forest (RF) algorithm and achieved a maximum accuracy of 58%. This article aims to bridge the gap between human lecturers and the machine. We are also concerned about the psychological emotions of the faculty and the students when artificial intelligence takes control.
Design and Study of a Miniaturized Millimeter Wave Array Antenna for Wireless Body Area Network
Authors: Alharbi Abdullah G. , Rahman H. M. Arifur , Khan Mohammad Monirujjaman , Abbasi Muhammad Inam , Albraikan Amani Abdulrahman , Almalki Faris A.
Published: May 2022

A miniaturized millimeter wave (mmWave) antenna for wireless body area networks is proposed in this paper. The antenna is found to be operational in the V-band, around the 60 GHz frequency range, with high efficiency of up to 99.98% in free space simulations. A multilayer, thin substrate was implemented in the design to enhance radiation efficiency and gain. The antenna seems to be most suitable for small electronic devices and wireless body area network (WBAN) applications because of its low profile and lighter weight concept. To enhance its performance, several arrays of different orders were created. The Parallel-Fed and Tapered Feed Line methods were followed to design the planar arrays with 1 × 2, 1 × 4, and 2 × 2 elements in the primary design. Free space results were compared, and a 2 × 2 element array was found to be the most balanced according to the simulations. To justify the eligibility of these designs for WBAN applications, a virtual human body model was created within the 3D computer-simulated environment and the simulations were repeated, where four equal-spaced distances were taken into account to identify the antenna and its array behavior more accurately. Simulations returned optimistic results for the 2 × 2 element planar array arrangement in almost all parameters, even when placed close to the human body at any distance greater than 2 mm.
The Inheritance and Future Development Direction Prediction of Opera Culture Based on Cloud Communication under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Yang Yufeng , Lei Ting
Published: May 2022

In the digital economy era, digital technologies such as cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, mobile Internet, and Internet of Things are becoming the new foundation of social operation and industry innovation. In order to achieve creative transformation and innovative development of traditional opera culture and art, there is a need to actively embrace the new digital technologies of the Internet. From the perspective of big data, according to the development status of Chinese opera art, this paper examines the limitations of traditional means to protect and develop opera art and puts forward the inheritance of opera culture and the prediction of future development direction based on cloud communication. This paper demonstrates the matrix system and inheritance development direction of Kunqu Opera culture to realize cloud communication. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: firstly, promoting the overall digitalization of Kunqu Opera culture is the inevitable choice to realize the inheritance and development of Kunqu Opera; secondly, it is scientific and feasible to promote the overall digitalization and inheritance of Kunqu Opera culture. Thirdly, promoting the research and planning of cloud-spread opera should be promoted to become a national cultural strategy.
Operation Stability Analysis of Basic Acupuncture Manipulation Based on Three-Dimensional Motion Tracking Data
Authors: Xu Liu-Liu , Xie Jian , Yang Hua-Yuan , Wang Fan , Tang Wen-Chao
Published: May 2022

Objective. To analyse the operational stability of basic acupuncture manipulation (AM) based on three-dimensional (3D) motion tracking. Method. Two quantitative indicators (spatial and temporal dispersions) and corresponding algorithms of operation stability were established based on the coordinate-time data derived from 3D motion tracking of basic AM. The differences in stability were compared between 20 acupuncture teachers and 20 acupuncture students. Results. The teachers and students had similar temporal stability, but the teachers were more stable in their spatial control, perhaps because of the teachers’ better fingertip force and more practice with feedback. Conclusion. The spatial and temporal dispersions can be used to evaluate operational stability in basic AM. Repetitive training and finger force enhancement with more accurate feedback and rhythmic auditory stimulation are recommended for improving operation stability in basic AM.
Clustering- and Transformer-Based Networks for the Style Analysis of Logo Images
Authors: Tian Nannan , Liu Yuan , Sun Ziruo , Liu Xingbo
Published: May 2022

In the design field, designers need to investigate and collect logo materials before designing logos and search a large number of design materials on well-known logo websites to find logos with similar styles as reference images. However, manual work is time-consuming and labor-intensive. To solve this problem, we propose a clustering method that uses K-Means clustering and visual transformer model to group the styles of the logo database. Specifically, we use the visual transformer model as a feature extractor to convert logo images into feature vectors and perform K-Means clustering, use the clustering results as pseudo-labels to further train the feature extractor, and continue to iterate the above process to finally obtain reliable clustering results. We validate our approach by creating the logo image dataset JN Logo, a proposed database for image quality and style attributes, containing 14922 logo design images. Our proposed deep transformer-based cluster (DTCluster) automatic style grouping method is used in JN Logo; the DBI reaches 0.904, and the DI reaches 0.189, which are better than those of other K-Means clustering methods and other clustering algorithms. We perform a subjective analysis of five features of the clustering results to obtain a semantic description of the clusters. Finally, we provide six styles and five semantic descriptions for the logo database.
Accommodative Lag Persistence in Treated Anisometropic, Strabismic, and Mixed Amblyopia
Authors: Ale Magar Jit B. , Shah Shaheen P.
Published: May 2022

Background. Amblyopic eyes typically exhibit greater lag of accommodation. Whether this improves after amblyopia treatment is inconclusive. The aim of this study is to report post-treatment accommodative response in amblyopia and to investigate if the lag is associated with visual acuity, treatment duration, and amblyopia type. Methods. Monocular and binocular accommodative responses were measured using Nott’s method of dynamic retinoscopy in amblyopia of anisometropic, strabismic, and combined anisometropic-strabismic types and age-matched controls with normal vision. The results were compared using the nonparametric Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Linear regression analysis was used to examine association of the lag to refractive error, duration of therapy, and visual acuity. Results. Mean ± SD age of 46 amblyopic and 20 control subjects were 6.9 ± 1.8 and 6.9 ± 2.2 years, respectively. At the time of the study, 30 amblyopic subjects were receiving patching therapy and ceased in the remainder. In amblyopic eyes, mean ± SD monocular and binocular lags were 1.2 ± 0.6D and 1.0 ± 0.5D (

p
<
0.001

), respectively, compared to 0.6 ± 0.3D and 0.5 ± 0.2D (

p
<
0.005

), respectively, in nonamblyopic eyes and 0.4 ± 0.2D and 0.3 ± 0.2D (

p
=
0.093

), respectively, in the controls. By types, the monocular lag was significantly higher than the binocular lag (

p
=
0.001

) in mixed amblyopia (

p
=
0.004

); they were similar in anisometropic (

p
=
0.283

) and strabismic (

p
=
0.743

) amblyopia. Monocular lag was significantly correlated to BCVA (r = 0.46;

p
=
0.001

) and refraction (r = 0.42;

p
=
0.001

) but not to patching duration (r = 0.1;

p
=
0.280

). Conclusion. Inadequate accommodative response, a higher lag, persists in amblyopic eyes even after the treatment. Impaired accommodative response is partly determined by posttherapy visual acuity. Further studies investigating the effect of accommodative lag on visual recovery and whether optical correction of the deficiency may improve visual outcome of the treatment are recommended.
Packaging Design Method of Modern Cultural and Creative Products Based on Rough Set Theory
Authors: Xu XiaoTing
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, the popularity of cultural and creative industry in China is rising, and cultural and creative products are loved by young people with high cultural added value. Through the field investigation, it is found that the tie-dyeing products in the market are still facing the problems of insufficient market awareness, the same tie-dyeing products, serious homogenization, and the aging of inheritors. Therefore, after the questionnaire survey, based on the needs of the audience, we proposed a packaging design method for modern cultural and creative products based on a rough set. As one of the mathematical tools to deal with uncertain knowledge, a rough set theory can solve the uncertainty caused by knowledge granularity in cognitive diagnosis. Without prior knowledge, we can get the corresponding decision-making or classification rules of the specific problem and classify the research objects. This study aimed to apply a rough set theory to the packaging design of modern cultural and creative products and overcome some problems existing in the packaging design methods of cultural and creative products. Since the application of rough set in the packaging design of cultural and creative products is a new topic, whether it is effective in the packaging design of cultural and creative products, how effective it is, and what problems it can deal with in the whole procedure of the design are worth discussing.
Antimicrobial Action, Genotoxicity, and Morphological Analysis of Three Calcium Silicate‐Based Cements
Authors: Abu Hasna Amjad , Theodoro Ana Luisa , Pereira Larissa Marques , Ramos Lucas de Paula , Campos Tiago Moreira Bastos , Ala Rachi Maisour , Al-Nahalwi Talal , de Oliveira Luciane Dias , Carvalho Cláudio Antonio Talge
Published: May 2022

This study is aimed at evaluating five mineral oxides (5MO), mineral trioxide aggregate repair high plasticity (MTA HP), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in relation to the antimicrobial action over Porphyromonas gingivalis, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Parvimonas micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Prevotella intermedia; the genotoxicity over mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) and osteoblast (Mg‐63) cultures; and the morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis (50 k and ×100 k). Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), calcium hydroxide, and saline solution were used as control groups in the different analysis. All data were submitted to a normality test and then analyzed with one‐way ANOVA, Tukey, and Kruskal‐Wallis and Dunn tests, considering α ≤ 0.05 significance level. It was found that over P. gingivalis and P. endodontalis, there was no a significant difference between the calcium silicate‐based cements (CSC) and the control group of saline solution, and only 5MO was similar to the NaOCl group. However, over P. micra, all groups were effective and showed a statistically significant difference compared to the saline solution group. Conversely, none of the groups were effective over F. nucleatum and P. intermedia, except of the NaOCl group. There was a significant difference between 5MO and MTA groups in comparison with NaOCl and MTA HP over osteoblasts and macrophages after 24 hours. SEM images showed small irregular particles interspersed with some elongated needle‐like particles and small irregular particles with some larger particles as well as elongated particles. It was concluded that 5MO, MTA, and MTA HP have effective antimicrobial action over P. micra. However, only 5MO is effective over P. gingivalis and P. endodontalis. Besides, 5MO and MTA are not genotoxic over mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) and osteoblast (Mg‐63) cultures.
Correlation between Drug Resistance of Klebsiella Pneumonia and Antimicrobial Drug Usage
Authors: Liu Anyun , Dai Jun , Shen Ru , Zhong Feng , Sheng Xuehe , Huang Houbao
Published: May 2022

Objective. To assess the correlation between the drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae and antimicrobial drug usage. Methods. The drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae and the antimicrobial drug dosage of inpatients admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from January 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively recorded, and their correlation was analyzed using the Pearson method. Results. There are 6493 strains of Gram-negative bacteria, including 1272 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, ranking first in respiratory medicine. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed an overall increasing trend in resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam and ampicillin/sulbactam and a high resistance to aztreonam, ceftazidime, and ciprofloxacin (all

P
<
0.05

). The top 3 antimicrobial drugs used in 2016–2020 were β-lactams, quinolones, and macrolides. The rates of resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam, and ampicillin/sulbactam were highly positively correlated with the use of β-lactams. The use of carbapenems and glycopeptides was negatively correlated with the resistance to ciprofloxacin, and the resistance to ceftazidime had a high positive correlation with the use of glycopeptides and carbapenems. Conclusion. The use of antimicrobial drugs is correlated with the resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae. To reduce bacterial drug resistance, the rational use of antimicrobial drugs requires joint control through multiple departments to improve the clinical use of antimicrobial drugs and improve in-hospital control.
Prediction of Phishing Susceptibility Based on a Combination of Static and Dynamic Features
Authors: Yang Rundong , Zheng Kangfeng , Wu Bin , Wu Chunhua , Wang Xiujuan
Published: May 2022

Phishing is a very serious security problem that poses a huge threat to the average user. Research on phishing prevention is attracting increasing attention. The root cause of the threat of phishing is that phishing can still succeed even when anti-phishing tools are utilized, which is due to the inability of users to correctly identify phishing attacks. Current research on phishing focuses on examining the static characteristics of the phishing behavior phenomenon, which cannot truly predict a user’s susceptibility to phishing. In this paper, a user phishing susceptibility prediction model (DSM) that is based on a combination of dynamic and static features is proposed. The model investigates how the user’s static feature factors (experience, demographics, and knowledge) and dynamic feature factors (design changes and eye tracking) affect susceptibility. A hybrid Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and LightGBM prediction model is designed to predict user susceptibility. Finally, we evaluate the prediction performance of the DSM by conducting a questionnaire survey of 1150 volunteers and an eye-tracking experiment on 50 volunteers. According to the experimental results, the correct prediction rate of the DSM is higher than that for individual feature prediction, which reached 92.34%. These research experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the DSM in predicting users’ susceptibility to phishing using a combination of static and dynamic features.
Research on the Fusion Model of Professional Vocal Music Performance Voice Care and Artificial Intelligence Technology in Intelligent Medical Treatment
Authors: Qin Wei , Lin Qingna
Published: May 2022

Intelligent medical treatment is an important research field in today’s world. Artificial intelligence technology is the key factor to construct intelligent medical treatment. In the development of artificial intelligence technology, it is necessary to establish a scientific, systematic, and comprehensive system analysis model, inevitably with certain professional characteristics. At present, in the research of vocal health care in professional vocal music performance, the application of intelligent medical care and vocal health care in professional vocal music performance is studied. According to the DEMATEL-ISM research method, this paper constructs 4 internal and external factors and 16 influencing factors to build a comprehensive and systematic weight analysis model, which provides a theoretical and practical basis for the scientific construction of AI technology algorithms. The aim is to improve the value and research significance of intelligent medical artificial intelligence technology in professional vocal music performance sound care.
Practical Teaching of Business English Majors Based on Intelligent Machine Teaching
Authors: Shi Yu , Shi Hu
Published: May 2022

In order to improve the effect of business English teaching, this paper combines intelligent digital methods to intelligently process images of online business English teaching. Under the condition of weak feedback, the self-mixing interference signal has a sinusoidal shape, and the calculated envelope phase jump is small. Moreover, under moderate feedback conditions, the self-mixing interference signal is in the form of a sawtooth wave. The principle based on phase unwrapping is adopted, which solves the situation of finding the displacement very well. The experimental research shows that the practical teaching system for business English majors based on intelligent machine teaching proposed in this paper has good effects and can play an important role in business English teaching.
Matrix Metalloproteinases in Chemoresistance: Regulatory Roles, Molecular Interactions, and Potential Inhibitors
Authors: Tune Bernadette Xin Jie , Sim Maw Shin , Poh Chit Laa , Guad Rhanye Mac , Woon Choy Ker , Hazarika Iswar , Das Anju , Gopinath Subash C. B. , Rajan Mariappan , Sekar Mahendran , Subramaniyan Vetriselvan , Fuloria Neeraj Kumar , Fuloria Shivkanya , Batumalaie Kalaivani , Wu Yuan Seng
Published: May 2022

Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Its treatments usually fail when the tumor has become malignant and metastasized. Metastasis is a key source of cancer recurrence, which often leads to resistance towards chemotherapeutic agents. Hence, most cancer-related deaths are linked to the occurrence of chemoresistance. Although chemoresistance can emerge through a multitude of mechanisms, chemoresistance and metastasis share a similar pathway, which is an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a class of zinc and calcium-chelated enzymes, are found to be key players in driving cancer migration and metastasis through EMT induction. The aim of this review is to discuss the regulatory roles and associated molecular mechanisms of specific MMPs in regulating chemoresistance, particularly EMT initiation and resistance to apoptosis. A brief presentation on their potential diagnostic and prognostic values was also deciphered. It also aimed to describe existing MMP inhibitors and the potential of utilizing other strategies to inhibit MMPs to reduce chemoresistance, such as upstream inhibition of MMP expressions and MMP-responsive nanomaterials to deliver drugs as well as epigenetic regulations. Hence, manipulation of MMP expression can be a powerful tool to aid in treating patients with chemo-resistant cancers. However, much still needs to be done to bring the solution from bench to bedside.
Support Vector Machine Based Lane-Changing Behavior Recognition and Lateral Trajectory Prediction
Authors: Feng Yingying , Yan Xiaolong
Published: May 2022

With the development of technology, vehicle trajectory prediction and safety decision technology has become an important part of active safety technology. Among them, the vehicle trajectory prediction technology can predict the vehicle position, speed, and other motion states in the predicted period according to the current and historical vehicle running state, and the prediction results can provide support for judging the vehicle safety in the predicted period. In order to analyze the above problems, this study fully extracted the main feature information from the vehicle lane change track data with the help of the powerful nonlinear learning and high pattern recognition ability of support vector machine, and conducted identification modeling for the actual lane change process of the vehicle and predictive analysis of the vehicle lateral movement track. First, the lane-changing behavior of vehicles was analyzed, and the vehicle lane-changing execution stage and 10 influencing factors that could characterize lane-changing behavior were determined based on NGSIM to extract the data of lane-change-related variables. Then, a lane-changing recognition model based on gridsearch-PSO is proposed. In the Matlab environment, the model has a test accuracy of 97.68%, while the SVM model without optimization parameters has a recognition accuracy of only 80.87%. The results show that the model has strong classification ability and robustness. Finally, by using the polynomial model for lateral movement trajectory fitting, K-fold cross-validation method is used for fitting polynomial model fitting test.
New Zero‐Free Regions for Hypergeometric Zeta and Fractional Hypergeometric Zeta Functions
Authors: Birmechu Demessie Ergabus , Geleta Hunduma Legesse
Published: May 2022

We describe and demonstrate zero‐free regions for the families called “hypergeometric zeta functions” and “fractional hypergeometric zeta functions”. These zero‐free regions are vertical strips in the right half of the complex plane. In the proofs, we utilize positivity results on the oscillatory integrals and monotonicity of real‐valued functions to demonstrate these zero‐free regions for both families.