bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on Dry Friction Damping Characteristics of the Steam Turbine Blade Material with Nonconforming Contacts
Authors: Wu Jun , Yuan Ruishan , He Zhenwu , Zhang Di , Xie Yonghui
Published: January 2015

An experiment system has been established to study the dry friction damping dynamic characteristics of the steam turbine blade material 1Cr13. The friction dynamic characteristics of the specimens with nonconforming contact surfaces are measured under different parameters. The experiment results are compared with that of the macroslip hysteresis model and the Mindlin microslip friction model in detail. The results show that the experimental result of the tangential contact stiffness is in good agreement with that of the theory result based on the fractal theory and the Hertz contact theory by Jiang et al., 2009. The dimensionless equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping obtained by the macroslip hysteresis model agree well with the experimental results when relative motion is relatively large. However, the results of the macroslip hysteresis model differ a lot from the experimental results when relative motion is relatively small. Compared with the macroslip hysteresis model, the Mindlin microslip friction model can predict the dimensionless equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping accurately during the whole measurement range. The linear regularities of dimensionless equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping are obtained, which decrease the difficulty of building the vibration analysis model of the blade with sufficient accuracy.
Estimating the Potential Production of the Brown MusselPerna perna(Linnaeus, 1758) Reared in Three Tropical Bays by Different Methods of Condition Indices
Authors: Galvao Petrus , Longo Renan , Torres João Paulo Machado , Malm Olaf
Published: January 2015

Perna perna(Linnaeus, 1758) is the main marine bivalve mussel yielded commercially in Brazil. In spite of this, scientific data is very scarce regarding its productivity in tropical shallow waters. The Condition Index (CI) is used worldwide in mariculture to assess animal health, harvest time, and yield. In this study, the authors used CI results from nine different methods to assess the season effect on the mussel CI and also to evaluate the potential yield of three southern Brazilian bays. The results from nine CI methods were used for the comparison of the seasonality and yield of mussels reared in three marine bays. Sampling was carried out monthly within two 4-month periods, from December 2008 to August 2009. The results show a trend for seasonal effects on the CI results. The winter months showed the highest and the lowest values. Between bays, higher CI values were detected in animals reared at Sepetiba Bay, followed by Guanabara Bay and Ilha Grande Bay. We suggest that the CI (that considers the ratio between bivalve soft tissue wet weight and total length) should be used by fishermen, since this formula was able to detect differences between sites and is more easily applied.
DNMT3A Mutational Status Affects the Results of Dose-Escalated Induction Therapy in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Sehgal Alison R. , Gimotty Phyllis A. , Zhao Jianhua , Hsu Jing-Mei , Daber Robert , Morrissette Jennifer D. , Luger Selina , Loren Alison W. , Carroll Martin
Published: January 2015

Purpose: DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) is one of the commonly mutated genes in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Reports on the prognostic significance of DNMT3A mutations have been inconsistent, and most of the data are available only for patients 60 years of age or younger. We hypothesized that this inconsistency is due to an interaction between the dose of anthracycline used in induction therapy and DNMT3A status. We studied whether patients with DNMT3A-mutated AML treated with standard dose anthracyclines had an inferior survival compared with patients with other mutation profiles or those who received high-dose therapy.

Experimental Design: A total of 152 patients in this retrospective cohort study (median age, 54 years) with de novo AML underwent induction therapy and next-generation sequencing of 33 commonly mutated genes in hematologic malignancies, including DNMT3A, FLT3-ITD, NPM1, and IDH1/2. Cox regression was used to know whether those with DNMT3A mutations who were treated with standard dose anthracycline had inferior survival.

Results: DNMT3A mutations, found in 32% of patients, were not associated with an inferior survival. Dose escalation of anthracycline in the induction regimen was associated with improved survival in those with DNMT3A mutations but not those with wild-type DNMT3A. Patients with DNMT3A mutations who received standard dose induction had shorter survival time than other patient groups (10.1 months vs. 19.8 months, P = 0.0129). This relationship remained significant (HR, 1.90; P = 0.006) controlling for multiple variables.

Conclusions: Patients with DNMT3A-mutated AML have an inferior survival when treated with standard-dose anthracycline induction therapy. This group should be considered for high-dose induction therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 21(7); 1614–20. ©2015 AACR.
PD-L1 Expression and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Define Different Subsets of MAPK Inhibitor–Treated Melanoma Patients
Authors: Kakavand Hojabr , Wilmott James S. , Menzies Alexander M. , Vilain Ricardo , Haydu Lauren E. , Yearley Jennifer H. , Thompson John F. , Kefford Richard F. , Hersey Peter , Long Georgina V. , Scolyer Richard A.
Published: January 2015

Purpose: To evaluate the expression of tumor PD-L1 and changes in tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) populations in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with targeted MAPK inhibitors.

Experimental Design: Ninety-three tumors were analyzed from 40 patients treated with a BRAF inhibitor alone (BRAFi; n = 28) or combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors (Combi; n = 12). Tumors were excised before treatment (PRE), early during treatment (EDT), and at progression (PROG). Immunohistochemical staining was performed for CD4, CD8, CD68, FOXP3, LAG3, PD-1, and PD-L1 and correlated with clinical outcome.

Results: Patients' tumors that were PD-L1 positive at baseline showed a significant decrease in PD-L1 expression at PROG (P = 0.028), whereas patients' tumors that were PD-L1 negative at baseline showed a significant increase in PD-L1 expression at PROG (P = 0.008) irrespective of treatment with BRAFi or Combi. Overall PD-L1 expression highly correlated with TIL immune markers. BRAFi-treated patients showed significant increases in CD4+, CD8+, and PD-1+ lymphocytes from PRE to EDT (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.017, respectively), and Combi-treated patients showed similar increases in CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes from PRE to EDT (P = 0.017, P = 0.021).

Conclusions: The addition of MEKi to BRAFi did not result in significant reduction in immune infiltration in EDT biopsies. This provides support for conducting trials that combine MAPKi with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the hope of improving complete and durable response rates. PD-L1 expression at PROG on MAPK inhibitors varied according to baseline expression suggesting that combining MAPKi with immunotherapies concurrently may be more effective in patients with PD-L1 expression and TILs in baseline melanoma samples. Clin Cancer Res; 21(14); 3140–8. ©2015 AACR.

See related commentary by Cooper et al., p. 3102
Prodifferentiation, Anti-Inflammatory and Antiproliferative Effects of Delphinidin, a Dietary Anthocyanidin, in a Full-Thickness Three-Dimensional Reconstituted Human Skin Model of Psoriasis
Authors: Chamcheu Jean Christopher , Pal Harish C. , Siddiqui Imtiaz A. , Adhami Vaqar M. , Ayehunie Seyoum , Boylan Brendan T. , Noubissi Felicite K. , Khan Naghma , Syed Deeba N. , Elmets Craig A. , Wood Gary S. , Afaq Farrukh , Mukhtar Hasan
Published: January 2015

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of skin and joints for which conventional treatments that are effective in clearing the moderate-to-severe disease are limited due to long-term safety issues. This necessitates exploring the usefulness of botanical agents for treating psoriasis. We previously showed that delphinidin, a diet-derived anthocyanidin endowed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, induces normal epidermal keratinocyte differentiation and suggested its possible usefulness for the treatment of psoriasis [1]. Objectives: To investigate the effect of delphinidin (0-20 μM; 2-5 days) on psoriatic epidermal keratinocyte differentiation, proliferation and inflammation using a three-dimensional reconstructed human psoriatic skin equivalent (PSE) model. Methods: PSEs and normal skin equivalents (NSEs) established on fibroblast-contracted collagen gels with respective psoriatic and normal keratinocytes and treated with/without delphinidin were analyzed for histology, expression of markers of differentiation, proliferation and inflammation using histomorphometry, immunoblotting, immunochemistry, qPCR and cultured supernatants for cytokine with a Multi-Analyte ELISArray Kit. Results: Our data show that treatment of PSE with delphinidin induced (1) cornification without affecting apoptosis and (2) the mRNA and protein expression of markers of differentiation (caspase-14, filaggrin, loricrin, involucrin). It also decreased the expression of markers of proliferation (Ki67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen) and inflammation (inducible nitric oxide synthase and antimicrobial peptides S100A7-psoriasin and S100A15-koebnerisin, which are often induced in psoriatic skin). ELISArray showed increased release of psoriasis-associated keratinocyte-derived proinflammatory cytokines in supernatants of the PSE cultures, and this increase was significantly suppressed by delphinidin. Conclusions: These observations provide a rationale for developing delphinidin for the management of psoriasis.
Sustained Response of a Clivus Chordoma to Erlotinib after Imatinib Failure
Authors: Houessinon Aline , Boone Mathieu , Constans Jean-Marc , Toussaint Patrick , Chauffert Bruno
Published: January 2015

Chordoma is a rare malignant axial tumour that develops from embryonic remnants of the notochord. Surgery and irradiation are the standard initial treatment. However, local recurrence is frequent and cytotoxic chemotherapy is inefficient. Transient activity of imatinib, a platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitor, was described in a phase II study. Activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors (erlotinib, gefitinib) has also been shown in a few recent case reports. We describe a 68-year-old female in whom clivus chordoma recurred after surgery and radiotherapy. The tumour progressed despite imatinib treatment. A partial and sustained response (28+ months) was obtained using erlotinib, an EGFR inhibitor. Erlotinib should be evaluated in a prospective trial investigating new potential therapies against recurrent chordoma.
INFÂNCIAS, FOTOGRAFIAS, LIVROS PARA CRIANÇAS: cadê o teatro que estava aqui?
Authors: Ferreira Taís
Published: January 2015

Neste texto, narro uma trajetória cíclica: de como um interesse pelas crianças encontrou fotografias, de como estas imagens específicas potencializaram desejo de teatro e de como acabaram, por fim, tornando-se contos para crianças, em um ciclo que envolve visualidade, literatura, teatralidade e infância. Estas reflexões são atravessadas por referenciais teóricos dos estudos sobre as infâncias vinculados à educação, aos estudos culturais, à sociologia e à arte e por referenciais dos estudos de recepção cênica.
O ANIMADOR, AQUELE QUE NÃO ESQUECEU A INFÂNCIA: uma perspectiva sobre animismo e ludens no teatro de animação
Authors: Medeiros Fábio Henrique Nunes
Published: January 2015

Esta abordagem é de caráter fenomenológico, fundamentada na perspectiva do pensamento de Merleau-Ponty (2011), no qual se observa as essências, buscando desvelá-las no fenômeno, procedimento que admite a subjetividade do observador, sujeito sensível, na produção do conhecimento. O texto tem como abordagem o cruzamento entre os conceitos de Animismo (HELD, 1980) e Ludens (HUIZINGA, 2007) com relação ao animador do teatro de animação.
Atrioventricular Node Ablation in Langendorff-Perfused Porcine Hearts Using Carbon Ion Particle Therapy
Authors: Lehmann H. Immo , Richter Daniel , Prokesch Hannah , Graeff Christian , Prall Matthias , Simoniello Palma , Fournier Claudia , Bauer Julia , Kaderka Robert , Weymann Alexander , Szabó Gábor , Sonnenberg Karin , Constantinescu Anna M. , Johnson Susan B. , Misiri Juna , Takami Mitsuru , Miller Robert C. , Herman Michael G. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Brons Stephan , Jäkel Oliver , Haberer Thomas , Debus Jürgen , Durante Marco , Bert Christoph , Packer Douglas L.
Published: January 2015

Background—

Particle therapy, with heavy ions such as carbon-12 (
12
C), delivered to arrhythmogenic locations of the heart could be a promising new means for catheter-free ablation. As a first investigation, we tested the feasibility of in vivo atrioventricular node ablation, in Langendorff-perfused porcine hearts, using a scanned 12C beam.

Methods and Results—

Intact hearts were explanted from 4 (30–40 kg) pigs and were perfused in a Langendorff organ bath. Computed tomgraphic scans (1 mm voxel and slice spacing) were acquired and
12
C ion beam treatment planning (optimal accelerator energies, beam positions, and particle numbers) for atrioventricular node ablation was conducted. Orthogonal x-rays with matching of 4 implanted clips were used for positioning. Ten Gray treatment plans were repeatedly administered, using pencil beam scanning. After delivery, positron emission tomography-computed tomgraphic scans for detection of β
+
(
11
C) activity were obtained. A
12
C beam with a full width at half maximum of 10 mm was delivered to the atrioventricular node. Delivery of 130 Gy caused disturbance of atrioventricular conduction with transition into complete heart block after 160 Gy. Positron emission computed tomgraphy demonstrated dose delivery into the intended area. Application did not induce arrhythmias. Macroscopic inspection did not reveal damage to myocardium. Immunostaining revealed strong γH2AX signals in the target region, whereas no γH2AX signals were detected in the unirradiated control heart.

Conclusions—

This is the first report of the application of a
12
C beam for ablation of cardiac tissue to treat arrhythmias. Catheter-free ablation using 12C beams is feasible and merits exploration in intact animal studies as an energy source for arrhythmia elimination.
Critical Aesthetics and Compositional Informatics
Authors: Holter Colin
Published: January 2015

The author discusses his compositional practice, which relies on the application of information-processing technologies to problematize conventions of musical meaning.
Morphology and phylogeny of Halamphora yongxingensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new marine benthic diatom isolated from Yongxing Island, South China Sea
Authors: Jiang Hai-ying , Hu Chao-qun , Yang Hai-peng , Zhang Lv-ping , Peng Peng-fei , Luo Peng , Zhao Zhe , Xia Jian-jun
Published: January 2015

Halamphora yongxingensis sp. nov., a marine benthic diatom isolated from an intertidal reef around the Yongxing Island, South China Sea (16° 58’ 43.3” N, 112° 14’ 41.7” E), is described in this study on the basis of light and electron microscopy. This diatom is also compared with related taxa such as Halamphora subturgida (Hustedt) Levkov and Amphora subtropica Wachnicka & Gaiser. In addition, phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rDNA and rbcL gene were also conducted. The results revealed that H. yongxingensis was clustered into the Halamphora clade, closely related to Halamphora montana (Krasske) Levkov. We discuss morphological differences between H. yongxingensis and H. montana.
Epitypification of Festuca arundinacea (Poaceae)
Authors: Kar Sutrishna , Dey Sangita , Singh Paramjit
Published: January 2015

The protologue of Festuca arundinacea Schreber (1771: 57) (Poaceae) is stated as ‘panicula spicata stricta, spiculis oblongis, erectis, paucifloris, aristatis, calycibus angustatis’ [panicle spicate, straight, spikelets oblong, erect, few flowered, aristate, calyx (i.e., lower glume) narrow]. Schreber (1771) took this polynomial from Gmelin (1747: 111) and cited Scheuchzer’s polynomial (1719: 266) in synonymy. Schreber (1771) did not mention any collections, but cited the illustration from Scheuchzer’s (1719) Agrostographia (p. 266, tab. V, fig. 18).
Interest Group Success in the European Union
Authors: Dür Andreas , Bernhagen Patrick , Marshall David
Published: January 2015

Business lobbying is widespread in the European Union (EU). But because not all lobbying is successful, the following question arises: When does business win and when does it lose in the context of legislative policy making in the EU? We argue that business actors are, overall, less successful than citizen groups in the European policy process. However, they can protect their interests if interest group conflict is low or the role of the European Parliament is restricted. A new data set on the positions of more than 1,000 non-state actors with respect to 70 legislative acts proposed by the European Commission between 2008 and 2010 allows us to evaluate this argument. Empirical support for our expectations is highly robust. Our findings have implications for the literature on legislative decision-making in the EU and for research on non-state actors in international organizations.
Limitations of the Temporary
Authors: Desimini Jill
Published: January 2015

Vacant land invites occupation, both by ruderal vegetation and spontaneous human intervention. This active engagement—taking the form of art installations, cultivated plots, or domestic appropriations—is often unplanned and temporary. Capable of existing outside of market forces, the projects are realized efficiently, but without long-term durability. Their short-term value is undeniable but so is their vulnerability. This is especially true of landscape projects on abandoned lands. The limitations of temporary projects are elaborated across diverse occupation types, including guerilla activities, pop-up projects, design collaborative work, and short-term land leases. The argument is structured around four main points. First, public space needs to be unregulated and diverse, not just on a temporary basis in leftover spaces. Second, landscape projects require time to develop to perform culturally and ecologically. Third, temporary projects can be placeholders that limit the need for long-term re-visioning. Finally, cities with large inventories of abandoned land require greater restructuring than the temporary can promote. The temporary functions well as programmatic overlay or an event landscape to activate an existing, clearly articulated, often vibrant, space rather than as a catalyst for systemic urban change in places of disinvestment.
Head Start Impact on Social–Emotional Outcomes for Children With Disabilities
Authors: Lee Kyunghee , Calkins Andrea , Shin Tae Seob
Published: January 2015

Objective:

Using the Head Start Impact Study data, this study examines Head Start’s impacts on social–emotional outcomes for children with disabilities.

Method:

Among 4,442 children, 570 children were reported to have disabilities. Ordinary least squares regression was used to determine whether the number of disabilities, having an individualized education plan (IEP), and receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI) affect social–emotional outcomes for children with disabilities and whether Head Start’s impact differs depending on these factors.

Results:

Children with multiple disabilities, an IEP, and SSI had lower social–emotional scores. Head Start impact was found for the following subgroups: children with no disabilities, children who never received an IEP, children living in a higher income household, and Black children.

Conclusions:

Head Start should identify potential disabilities early and support the provision of adequate services to increase social–emotional outcomes for children with disabilities.
The influence of optimism on functionality after total hip replacement surgery
Authors: Balck Friedrich , Lippmann Maike , Jeszenszky Csilla , Günther Klaus-Peter , Kirschner Stephan
Published: January 2015

Among other factors, optimism has been shown to significantly influence the course of some diseases (cancer, HIV, coronary heart disease). This study investigated whether optimism of a patient before a total hip replacement can predict the functionality of the lower limbs 3 and 6 months after surgery. A total of 325 patients took part in the study (age: 58.7 years; w: 55%). The functionality was measured with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities arthrosis index, and optimism with the Life Orientation Test. To analyse the influences of age, gender and optimism, general linear models were calculated. In optimistic patients, functionality improved significantly over time. The study showed a clear influence of dispositional optimism on the recovery after total hip replacement in the first 3 months after surgery.
Symbolic Communication Forms in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Braddock Barbara A. , Armbrecht Eric S.
Published: January 2015

The aim of this study was to examine how early symbolic forms (and their associated communicative functions) are related to change in communication among a sample of 12 young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who produced two or fewer spoken words ( M age = 28.75 months; 11 male, 1 female). Parents reported on children’s symbolic communication forms for 10 communicative functions at baseline and follow-up. Results indicated that on average reported symbolic forms changed over the 8-week period. Relative to children assigned to the nontrained symbol group, children assigned to the trained symbol group were significantly more likely to add a new symbolic form by follow-up. Contrary to authors’ initial hypothesis, early gesture production at enrollment was not related to communication change. These findings provide information into the use of parent-report measurement to describe symbolic forms in young children with communication disability and highlight imitation as a frequently reported communicative function.
Optimizing the uptake of health checks for people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: McConkey Roy , Taggart Laurence , Kane Molly
Published: January 2015

The provision of an annual health check for adult persons with an intellectual disability is intended to counter the health inequalities experienced by this population. This study documents the uptake of checks across general practitioner (GP) practices in Northern Ireland over a 3-year period. In all, 84% of GP practices provided health checks covering an estimated 87% of the population with intellectual (learning) disabilities. Overall 64% of people known to practices had received a health check which is significantly higher than comparable percentages of around 46% reported for England. Nevertheless the uptake by patients varied across the five trusts in Northern Ireland but less so than across the English health authorities. These variations were linked to the deployment of health facilitators. However, younger people living with families, or independently, in more socially deprived areas were less likely to have had a health check. Ongoing monitoring is needed to ensure the quality of the checks provided and that health improvement plans are implemented.
A new technique for lithology and fluid content prediction from prestack data: An application to a carbonate reservoir
Authors: Hami-Eddine Kamal , Klein Pascal , Richard Loic , de Ribet Bruno , Grout Maelle
Published: January 2015

One of the leading challenges in hydrocarbon recovery is predicting rock types/fluid content distribution throughout the reservoir away from the boreholes because rock property determination is a major source of uncertainty in reservoir modeling studies. Spatial determination of the lateral and vertical heterogeneities has a direct impact on a reservoir model because it will affect the property distributions. An inappropriate determination of the facies distribution will lead to unrealistic reservoir behavior. Because these data can take different forms (lithologs, cuttings, and for seismic, poststack, and prestack attributes) and have different resolutions, the manual integration of all the information can be tedious and is sometimes impractical. We developed a new neural network-based methodology called democratic neural network association (DNNA). The DNNA method was trained using lithology logs from wells simultaneously with prestack seismic data. This technique, using a probabilistic approach, aims to find patterns in seismic that will predict lithology distribution and uncertainty.
Indians, Cannibals, and Barbarians: Hernán Cortés and Early Modern Cultural Relativism
Authors: Boruchoff David A.
Published: January 2015

The little-known body of texts written by humanists in the wake of Christopher Columbus's first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean (1492–93) draws upon classical and ecclesiastical teachings in regard to political existence and Christian evangelization to set forth a nuanced understanding of the difference between pernicious and innocuous forms of barbarism. Although both forms of barbarism are grounded in deficiencies, these texts laud the inherent goodness and perfectibility of the peoples who were subsequently called Indians, in contradistinction to the ferocity, cunning, and obstinacy of those instead dubbed cannibals. Consideration of this body of writings not only undercuts the simplistic claim that Europeans discounted the humanity of America's natives; it also elucidates both how certain markers of intelligence and civility informed strategies of conversion or subjugation and why societies of Indians held such an attraction for utopian thought.
miR-145 suppresses embryo-epithelial juxtacrine communication at implantation by modulating maternal IGF1R
Authors: Kang Youn-Jung , Lees Miranda , Matthews Laura C. , Kimber Susan J. , Forbes Karen , Aplin John D.
Published: January 2015

Successful implantation requires the synchronization of viable embryonic development with endometrial receptivity. The mechanisms allowing for the initiation of crosstalk between the embryo and the endometrium remain elusive, however recent studies have revealed alterations in endometrial microRNAs (miRs) in women suffering repeated implantation failure; one of the altered miRs is miR-145. We assessed the role of miR-145 and its target, IGF1R, in early implantation. miR-145 overexpression and IGF1R knockdown were achieved in Ishikawa endometrial cells. QPCR, western blotting and 3′UTR luciferase reporter assays confirmed that IGF1R is a direct target of miR-145 in the endometrium. Attachment of mouse embryos or IGF-I-coated beads to endometrial epithelial cells was used to study the effects of altered miR-145 and/or IGF1R expression on early implantation events. miR-145 overexpression or specific reduction of IGF1R impaired attachment in both cases. miR-145/IGF1R target protectors prevented miR-145-mediated reduction in IGF1R and reversed the effect of miR-145 overexpression on attachment. The data demonstrate that miR-145 influences embryo attachment by reducing the level of IGF1R in endometrium.
Simultaneous measurement of NO and NO2 by dual-wavelength quantum cascade laser spectroscopy
Authors: Jágerská Jana , Jouy Pierre , Tuzson Béla , Looser Herbert , Mangold Markus , Soltic Patrik , Hugi Andreas , Brönnimann Rolf , Faist Jérôme , Emmenegger Lukas
Published: January 2015

The concept of a multi-wavelength quantum cascade laser emitting at two or more spectrally well-separated wavelengths is highly appealing for applied spectroscopy, as it allows detecting several species with compact and cost-efficient optical setups. Here we present a practical realization of such a dual-wavelength setup, which is based on a room-temperature quantum cascade laser emitting single-mode at 1600 cm−1 and 1900 cm−1 and is thus well-suited for simultaneous NO and NO2 detection. Operated in a time-division multiplexed mode, our spectrometer reaches detection limits of 0.5 and 1.5 ppb for NO2 and NO, respectively. The performance of the system is validated against the well-established chemiluminescence detection while measuring the NO
x
emissions on an automotive test-bench, as well as upon monitoring the pollution at a suburban site.
High temperature operation of far infrared (λ ≈20 µm) InAs/AlSb quantum cascade lasers with dielectric waveguide
Authors: Bahriz M. , Lollia G. , Baranov A.N. , Teissier R.
Published: January 2015

We demonstrate the high temperature operation, up to 80°C, of quantum cascade lasers emitting at a wavelength of 20 µm. The lasers are based on the InAs/AlSb materials and take benefit of a low loss plasmon-enhanced dielectric waveguide. The waveguide consists of doped InAs cladding layers and low-doped InAs spacers. For 2.9-mm-long devices, the threshold current density is 4.3 kA/cm2 and the measured peak output power is 7 mW at room temperature. The cavity length dependence of the threshold currents also indicates that very large optical gain is achieved and effectively overcome the strong free carrier absorption.
Cómo reacciona el personal de hotel cuando observa un trato (in)justo hacia los huéspedes
Authors: Zoghbi-Manrique-de-Lara Pablo , Espino-Rodríguez Tomas Fco. , Guerra-Báez Rita M.
Published: January 2015

El personal de hotel actúa a menudo como observador de encuentros de servicio de huéspedes durante su estancia en el hotel. Si un empleado percibe señales de un trato (in)justo del hotel hacia los clientes, ¿cómo reaccionaría? Investigaciones empíricas previas no proporcionan una respuesta clara a esta pregunta, y este estudio tiene como objetivo cubrir este vacío de la literatura. Basándonos en literatura previa que indica que también los empleados como meros observadores hacen juicios y responden en una organización a la forma en que son tratados los demás, este artículo sugiere que el personal atribuiría tal trato a la responsabilidad del hotel y, dependiendo que éste sea justo o injusto, aumentaría o disminuiría sus conductas orientadas al cliente (COBs). Los datos fueron recogidos de 204 empleados de ocho hoteles de lujo en las Islas Canarias (España). Para examinar las hipótesis se utilizaron modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM). No así en el caso de percepciones de justicia distributiva, los resultados muestran que cuanta más justicia procedimental e interpersonal hacia los huéspedes perciban los empleados, más se implican en conductas orientadas al cliente (COBs).Los hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de prevenir episodios de maltrato a los huéspedes por parte del hotel, haciendo especial hincapié en aquellos que son visibles para los empleados, para promover así conductas orientadas al cliente (COBs).Hasta donde nosotros sabemos, este es el primer estudio empírico en donde la justicia organizativa (distributiva, procedimental e interpersonal) dirigida hacia los clientes y las conductas orientadas al cliente (COBs) de los empleados son examinadas conjuntamente en un mismo modelo.
Turismo y Desarrollo Sostenible en Samaná, República Dominicana
Authors: Pardavila Pino Francisco , Navarro Barber Jaime
Published: January 2015

El turismo en la República Dominicana se ha convertido en las últimas décadas en el motor económico del país, aventajando a actividades tradicionales como la agricultura y manufactura. Esta transformación de la matriz productiva está sustentada en la construcción de grandes hoteles en diferentes zonas litorales del país.El presente estudio se ha centrado en la península de Samaná, un área de reciente explotación turística donde se ha analizado el cumplimiento de la legislación ambiental por parte de las empresas constructoras de grandes hoteles, el rol del organismo estatal competente en la conservación del entorno natural, los diferentes impactos ambientales, sociales y económicos generados por esta actividad económica y por último, partiendo de este análisis, determinar si es un exponente del desarrollo sostenible tal y como se publicita en el país.Esta investigación se ha realizado mediante encuestas en comunidades, entrevistas a actores clave, el análisis de Estudios de Impacto Ambiental (EsIA) y la observación no participante del investigador. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que las empresas hoteleras incumplen reiteradamente la legislación nacional en temática ambiental, sin que ningún organismo público lo controle, además son múltiples y evidentes los impactos generados por esta actividad y no existe ninguna acción de mitigación o compensación. Basándonos en todo ello, se puede enunciar que no es una actividad económica sostenible.
Un nuevo algoritmo heurístico para la creación de rutas turísticas personalizadas
Authors: De la Peña Esteban Francisco David
Published: January 2015

La adaptación de las actividades turísticas a sus preferencias es un elemento crucial para los turistas del siglo XXI. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo el proponer un nuevo algoritmo heurístico para la realización de rutas turísticas personalizadas en los centros históricos de las ciudades que pueda ser aplicado a plataformas web turísticas o aplicaciones para móviles. Para su consecución se ha hecho en primera instancia un análisis del estado de la cuestión que sirviera de marco de referencia. A continuación se explica el nuevo algoritmo, que consta de dos partes. En la primera se aborda el problema de determinar los puntos de interés que debe visitar el turista en base a sus predilecciones. Para ello se van a seleccionar los parámetros que se tendrán en cuenta y se propone un nuevo método para cuantificarlos. La segunda parte del algoritmo se centra en determinar el orden en que deben ser recorridos, buscando que la distancia sea lo menor posible. Se van a realizar agrupaciones de los distintos puntos de interés, y se van a unir entre sí. El resultado final es un algoritmo que se adapta a las preferencias dadas y que logra unos desplazamientos muy ajustados.
El turismo internacional desde las teorías de las Relaciones Internacionales
Authors: Navarro Drazich Diego
Published: January 2015

Este artículo aborda el fenómeno del turismo como objeto de los estudios internacionales y se propone comprender la naturaleza del poder construido desde el turismo en la esfera internacional. A tales efectos, se desarrollan lecturas del turismo internacional desde diversas teorías de las Relaciones Internacionales recorriendo un amplio espectro inclusivo del paradigma realista (teorías realista, de la dependencia y de la hegemonía), internacionalista (teorías de los regímenes internacionales y de la interdependencia) y universalista (teorías de las reglas sociales internacionales, de la sociedad mundial, pluralista, de la democracia internacional y de la globalización). Mediante tal ejercicio se espera revelar aspectos no advertidos del fenómeno turístico en su dimensión global.
Mighty Beast: Review 1
Authors: Ladd Mike
Published: January 2015

MIGHTY BEAST: written by Sean Borodale, soundscape by Elizabeth Purnell, produced by Sara Davies, performed by Christopher Bianchi. BBC Radio 3, Between the Ears, 2013. 29mins10.
Mighty Beast is a ‘radio poem’ that takes us into the cattle saleyard, and the lives of the auctioneers, animal handlers and farmers that are its denizens. Radio poems operate through feeling as much as intellect, and give scope for different interpretations. They are not so much about imparting information or telling a story, as creating an experience. They are more associative than expository, often proceeding in a non-linear way. Often radio poems use sounds as symbol or metaphor, and they can employ ‘audio rhymes’ – by this I mean placing sounds that have similar morphology, but come from different sources, next to each other, or merging them via cross-fades.
Mighty Beast is structured around four elements: Borodale’s poetic auctioneer; edited interviews with the market workers and farmers; beautifully composed music which echoes and expands rhythms within the spoken word and the location sounds of the market; and finally the sounds themselves, such as gates, cows bellowing, bells and winter wind. The auctioneering tradition is a perfect vehicle for Borodale, with its rapid delivery, clipped, compressed grammar, rhythmic repetitions, colourful asides and changes of vocal register. Another element of the radio poem is ellipsis, so that we feel and intuit the meaning instead of being told it directly. There is a strong sense of social history as the interviewees discuss the impact of the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in the area, quarantine and isolation, and the subsequent closure of the market which was always such an important social as well as economic gathering, an antidote to the loneliness of the farm.
Mighty Beast sits within a long tradition of radio works that explore the poetic and musical elements of everyday speech, particularly the languages of labour. Examples include features by Jane Ulman, Chris Brookes and especially the seminal Radio Ballads (1957-1964) created by Parker, MacColl and Seeger. Never sentimentalising, musical, complex and evocative, Mighty Beast represents a fresh and inventive iteration of this tradition.
The review includes an interview by the author with poet Sean Borodale. Full review (3,600 words) and audio link from DOWNLOAD tab.
Kinetic Modelling of the Adsorption and Desorption of NH3 on Fe/BEA Zeolite
Authors: Hahn Christoph , Füger Sven , Endisch Matthias , Pacher Andreas , Kureti Sven
Published: January 2015

This paper deals with the kinetic modelling of the adsorption and
desorption of NH3 on Fe/BEA
zeolite. Fe/BEA was recently reported to show high activity
for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO
x
by
NH3. The NH3 adsorption and desorption kinetics
was examined in the temperature range from 323 to 923 K
using temperature programmed desorption of NH3
(NH3-TPD) and diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform
spectroscopy (DRIFTS). With these investigations an elementary kinetic
mean field model of the NH3 adsorption and desorption was
constructed employing Arrhenius-based rate expressions. The model
differentiated molecularly bound NH3 and NH4
+
surface species originated from the NH3 chemisorption. For
both kinds of species, the kinetic parameters of the adsorption of
NH3 were adopted from the literature, while that of the
desorption were numerically fitted based upon NH3-TPD
traces. The reliability of the kinetic model was evidenced by
reproduction and prediction of the NH3-TPD profiles as well
as thermodynamic consistency.
Mercadeo, comunicación y artes, facultad construida con calidad educativa y calidez humana
Authors: Hernández Muñoz Sergio
Published: January 2015

Estas líneas las quiero dedicar a quienes de una u otra manera ayudaron a construir el proyecto educativo que es hoy la Facultad de Mercadeo, Comunicación y Artes de la Institución Universitaria Politécnico Grancolombiano.
Pioneirismo, inovações, crises financeiras e a transição de plataforma na história do Jornal do Brasil
Authors: Vasques Ferreira Fernanda , Pereira De Sousa Flávia Simone
Published: January 2015

A concorrência com o jornal O Globo, o avanço tecnológico, a má administração e os altos custos para manter sua versão impressa, o Jornal do Brasil anunciou em 2010 o fim da utilização do papel para divulgação de notícias que passaram a ser disponibilizadas somente na internet. O trabalho analisa os elementos que ocasionaram o fim da versão impressa do Jornal do Brasil e levaram um dos maiores jornais do país a manter seu conteúdo somente na plataforma digital. Adotou-se o estudo de caso do jornal. A pesquisa destaca a história do jornal que publicou capas inesquecíveis e polêmicas. São apontadas suas inovações, que influenciaram toda a imprensa brasileira.
Características de la micro, pequeña y mediana empresa asociadas a los tipos de tecnologías de comunicación y uso de medios sociales
Authors: Ortegón Cortázar Luis Giovanny , Ortegón Cortázar Leonardo
Published: January 2015

La dirección en la empresa y su gestión en internet posee un especial interés e importancia, principalmente manifestado en las revistas y periódicos actuales, y en menor medida en la literatura académica. Esta proliferación de nuevas tecnologías ha facilitado la revolución en las comunicaciones en diferentes medios, incluso el uso y la presencia de la empresa en medios sociales en la web. En este sentido, se presenta un resultado de investigación concerniente a explorar el uso de medios de comunicación en línea y de redes sociales y sus relaciones con 1) el tipo de empresa y 2) la apropiación de tecnologías digitales por parte de un conjunto de micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas en Bogotá. Para tal propósito se realizaron 191 encuestas a empresas micro, pequeñas y medianas. Los resultados indican una adaptación de las empresas a las necesidades tecnológicas modernas en el campo de la comunicación. Como conclusión, se evidenció que las empresas pueden mejorar la efectividad de sus programas de marketing con un mayor entendimiento de los recursos y herramientas tecnológicas libres o licenciadas, disponibles y adaptadas al interés de cada empresa.
Octavio Paz, Julio Cortázar: dos centenarios
Authors: Cobo Borda Juan Gustavo
Published: January 2015

Este texto presenta un acercamiento a la trayectoria de vida de estos grandes en la literatura. Octavio Paz, de México, y Julio Cortazar, de Argentina son contemporáneos y su trayectoria tuvo corrientes similares, tales como el surrealismo, y gustos, como la pintura, a pesar de sus discrepancias políticas. Este texto abarca las diferentes obras, pequeños fragmentos de ellas y una descripción de sus afinidades, en un cierto paralelismo, al ubicarlos en un contexto similar en la literatura y en la vida latinoamericana.
La comunicación como trama in-visible de sentidos de y en las organizaciones
Authors: Ramirez de Amorim Lidiane
Published: January 2015

Sea en el ámbito académico, en cuanto campo de estudio, así como en el universo corporativo, como una actividad profesional de papel estratégico, la comunicación organizacional ha evolucionado de manera notable en las últimas décadas. No obstante, sigue siendo un campo en construcción, un entre-lugar, donde todavía encontramos pensamientos y comportamientos anclados en las teorías clásicas que limitan la comunicación a un papel de transmisión, meramente informativo. La propuesta de este artículo de revisión es ofrecer una mirada posible, entre tantas otras, hacia la comunicación organizacional como una trama in-visible de sentidos, que teje el cotidiano corporativo, más allá de un saber fundamental para alcanzar los objetivos organizacionales. La reflexión está basada, sobre todo, en la teoría social de la comunicación de Vizer, y tiene como método el paradigma de la complejidad de Morin.
Homosexualidad, cultura y representaciones sociales
Authors: Marques Luciana
Published: January 2015

Fruto de una investigación de reflexión, este artículo se propone a recorrer la historicidad de la homosexualidad en la cultura, así como las representaciones sociales advenidas del campo simbólico, que promueven, a través del lenguaje, las más variadas atribuciones de valores al comportamiento humano. Partiendo de las representaciones en la Grecia Antigua, donde el placer tomaba la escena, aunque con reglas, atravesando el estatuto de pecado, en la Edad Media, hasta llegar a la categoría de enfermedad, según la atribución diseminada por el discurso médico del siglo XIX, nuestro recorrido desembocará en la despatologización de la homosexualidad, promovida por Sigmund Freud, con la publicación de Tres ensayos de teoría sexual, obra que subvierte la noción de sexualidad y promueve un nuevo mirar para el sujeto e sus elecciones. Por fin, con base en el discurso heterosexista actual, que condena las nuevas formas de representación social de la familia, censurando la creación de hijos por parejas homosexuales, tenemos como objetivo dilucidar, a partir de las enseñanzas de Jacques Lacan, las diferentes funciones, materna y paterna, desconectadas de cualquier diferenciación anatómica necesaria a la asunción de un sujeto de deseo.
Estudio de cambio en la percepción del consumidor de marcas top of mind en el mercado colombiano
Authors: Rodríguez Gutiérrez Luis Miguel
Published: January 2015

Este artículo, resultado de investigación, presenta los resultados de un estudio relacionado con el cambio en la percepción del consumidor respecto de algunas marcas que se encontraban en el top of mind en el mercado colombiano en el periodo comprendido entre 2008 y 2013, y que se perdieron por procesos de compra, fusión o absorción de otra marca. El estudio hace uso de herramientas estadísticas, como el método de centro móviles y el análisis de correspondencias múltiples para el procesamiento de la información y la caracterización de los individuos, y se centra en dos variables principales: la calidad y el precio de los productos o servicios percibidos por el consumidor en contraste con las nuevas marcas. Se encontró que los consumidores tienen cambios positivos en la percepción de calidad y precio para pares de marcas, como Conavi, Bancolombia y Ley-Éxito, frente a un cambio negativo para Comcel-Claro y Carrefour-Jumbo. En el estudio se mostraron las características que más valoran los consumidores en relación con una marca y cómo una gestión apropiada de la marca fusionada, comprada o absorbida, puede redundar en la consolidación y posicionamiento de la nueva marca.
Roda (1921-2003) De Valencia, España, a Bogotá, Colombia.
Authors: Cobo Borda Juan Gustavo
Published: January 2015

Una excursión reflexiva y ágil por la vida y obra de uno de los pintores más apreciados en el arte contemporáneo colombiano: el maestro Antonio Roda. Llegado a nuestro país en 1955, instalado en esta parcela del mundo y dedi- cado a mezclar lo español con la luz y el color del trópico, dio vida a una obra prodigiosa, siempre a la búsqueda de nuevos lenguajes. Sus cuadros, que desfilan aquí en una exposición infinita y emocionante, nos hablan de nuevo del goce creativo de su presencia y de la enorme nostalgia que nos ha dejado su partida.
El estado de la infraestructura en Colombia frente al reto de la Globalización
Authors: Jaramillo Correa Luis Fernando
Published: January 2015

El principal obstáculo de Colombia para su desarrollo eco- nómico ha sido la deficiente infraestructura y muy espe- cialmente su red de carreteras. El disponer de centros de producción lejanos a los puertos ocasiona un costo alto para el transporte de mercancías de exportación y de materias primas de importación. Adicionalmente, más del 60% de sus carreteras se encuentran en mal estado. Esto genera problemas serios para competir exitosamente en los mer- cados externos, ya que el costo y la calidad de los servicios de transporte afectan la competitividad, el desarrollo, la integración económica y las posibilidades de inserción en el mundo globalizado. Un componente importante de la estrategia exportadora del país está relacionado con la necesidad de poseer una infraestructura adecuada y eficiente, que permita generar mayores niveles de productividad vía menores costos de transporte y servicios logísticos. Luego de los 10 años de apertura económica que han transcurrido, se ha incrementado en forma sustancial la demanda de infraestructura regional. Empero, sólo se dedica una inversión del orden del 0.9 por ciento del PIB a la construcción y mantenimiento de carreteras, monto que se encuentra muy por debajo del promedio de la región, que se sitúa en el 2.0. Con urgencia se requiere de manera continua aumentar la inversión en carreteras del orden del 4.0 por ciento del PIB. A continuación se hace una síntesis del estado actual de la infraestructura en Colombia y se analiza el plan de desa- rrollo del actual gobierno y las prioridades del Ministro del Transporte en materia de infraestructura. Finalmente, se brindan recomendaciones para incrementar la disponibili- dad de obras de infraestructura que le permita a Colombia enfrentar exitosamente el camino de la globalización.