bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a novel nomogram to predict severe adenovirus pneumonia in children with adenovirus pneumonia
Authors: fang yulian , Liu Guangping , Li Xiaoying , Hou Mengzhu , Wang Lu , Wang Ning , Guo Zhiyong , Ning Jing
Published: May 2023

Background Severe adenovirus pneumonia (SAP) in children is characterized by multiple complications in the respiratory system, a high mortality rate, and a long recovery period. The study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting SAP in patients with adenovirus pneumonia (ADVP).Methods In this study, a total of 202 children with ADVP were collected between January 2019 and December 2020. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who participated in this study were utilized to develop a nomogram for predicting SAP. The data were categorized as training and validation datasets using random split sampling (split ratio = 7:3). Univariate logistic regression was used to select predictors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to construct a predictive model by introducing the predictors. The nomogram was visually developed on the basis of the selected predictors. The discriminatory ability of the model was determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Moreover, the prediction accuracy was evaluated using a calibration curve, and clinical effectiveness was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA).Results Univariate and multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that the duration of fever (OR: 1.500, 95% Cl: 1.261–1.783), atelectasis (OR: 12.581, 95% Cl: 1.323–119.615), L% (OR: 0.938, 95% Cl: 0.905–0.972), and FER (OR: 1.006, 95% Cl: 1.002–1.010) were independent predictors of SAP in patients with ADVP. The nomogram exhibited good discrimination with area under the curve (AUC) in the training dataset (0.860, 95%Cl: 0.800–0.920) and validation dataset (0.818, 95% Cl: 0.690–0.947). Through the calibration plot and Hosmer–Lemeshow test, the predicted probability was consistent with the actual probability in the training dataset (P = 0.545) and validation dataset (P = 0.545), and DCA showed good clinical utility.Conclusions In this study, a nomogram for predicting SAP among ADVP was developed and validated. It also showed good performance, indicating its discrimination ability, calibration ability, and clinical value. Thus, it may be used for the early identification of SAP, which will help physicians take timely intervention and appropriate management.
Creatine and Its Relationship With Methionine + Cysteine in Finishing Pig Diets
Authors: Pozza Paulo Cesar , Sitanaka Natália Yoko , Gasparino Eliane , Esteves Lucas Antonio Costa , de Souza Mariana Cardoso , Pozza Magali Soares Santos , Nunes Ricardo Vianna , Murakami Alice Eiko
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between creatine monohydrate (CMH) and standardized ileal digestible (SID) methionine + cysteine (Met+Cys) in finishing pig diets on the performance, carcass traits, pork quality, blood biochemistry, gene expression of creatine transporter and muscle antioxidant action. Forty gilts, averaging 75.26±0.87 kg of initial weight, were distributed in a randomized blocks design, arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme, consisting of two dietary CMH supplementation (0 and 0.10%) and two SID Met+Cys levels (0.40 and 0.44%), with 10 replicates and one animal per experimental unit. There was no interaction between CMH and SID Met+Cys on the performance and SLC6A8 gene expression (P>0.05). However, interactions were observed for the backfat thickness at P3 (P=0.004), drip water loss (DL) (P=0.018), thawing water loss (TL) (P=0.042) and plasma creatinine concentration (P=0.03). Supplementation with CMH provided low fat deposition at P3 point. Diets with the lowest SID Met+Cys level (0.40%) and containing CMH (0.10%) presented the highest water losses (DL and TL). Plasma creatinine concentration was lower in pigs receiving diets with 0.10% CMH than those not receiving, but only in diets containing 0.44% SID Met+Cys. In addition, 0.44% SID Met+Cys increased the percentage of inhibition of the DPPH radical (P=0.022). The effects of supplementing 0.10% CMH in finishing pig diets are evident on pork quality by using adequate levels of SID Met+Cys, which also assist in preventing the oxidative lipid damage in the Longissimus dorsi muscle.
Changes in soil properties and quantitative and qualitative yield of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) in response to nitrogen fertilizers (organic and chemical) under Water-Deficit Conditions
Authors: Bghbani-arani Abolfazl , Poureisa Mona
Published: May 2023

Drought and lack of nutrients (including nitrogen) limit crop production in arid and semi-arid regions, including Iran. In order to investigate the combined effect of nitrogen fertilizer sources (organic and chemical) under low water stress on soil properties, biological yield and peppermint essential oil, a three-year experiment in the years (2017–2019) was performed in the semi-arid region of Iran. The experiment was conducted as split plots in the form of randomized complete blocks with three replications. Experimental treatments include three irrigation regimes (irrigation at field capacity and after draining 25, 40 and 55% of usable water in the root zone) as the main factor and six fertilizer treatments based on plant nitrogen requirements (100% fertilizer, respectively). Chemical, without fertilizer, 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% azocompost, 100% vermicompost, 100% azocompost and 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% vermicompost) as sub-factors. The results showed that water-deficit conditions decreased organic carbon, total nitrogen content, soil phosphorus and potassium and biological yield and increased the percentage of peppermint essential oil. Also, in most of the treatment compositions of irrigation regime, the application of organic fertilizer (especially pure vermicompost and azocompost treatments) or combination with chemical fertilizer the increase organic carbon, macronutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and micro (iron and zinc) in soil solution, causing improved biological yield and essential oil content and moderated the effects of water-deficit stress on peppermint. In general, in water-deficit conditions such as Iran and the direction of sustainable agriculture and healthy medicine production, if the purpose of planting this plant is qualitative yield (percentage of essential oil) can be applied by applying severe water deficit and application vermicompost with the highest percentage of essential oil production, more Saves 50% on water consumption.
Effects of adjacent periodontitis on osseointegrated dental implants
Authors: Ryoo Keun-Soo , Kim Kyung-Hwa , Cho Young-Dan , Seol Yang-Jo , Ku Young
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to investigate whether newly emerged periodontitis or apical periodontitis on the adjacent teeth affects osseointegrated dental implants in a beagle dog model. The mandibular second and fourth premolars on both sides of three beagles were extracted. Two months after extraction, four bone-level implant fixtures, two on both sides of each mandible, were placed in each beagle. Six weeks after implant surgery, healing abutments were connected. After sufficient osseointegration, plaque control was performed in the control group, while periodontitis and apical periodontitis were induced in the experimental groups. The beagles were euthanized for histological analyses five months after induction of experimental periodontitis. The implants in the control and apical periodontitis groups were well-maintained, while those in the periodontitis group showed clinical signs of inflammation with bone resorption. The bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area (BA) values in the periodontitis group were lower than those in the other groups. The distance between the implant shoulder and the first BIC was significantly greater in the periodontitis group than in the control group. Unlike apical periodontitis, periodontitis of the teeth surrounding dental implants can induce peri-implantitis. Periodontal healthcare is essential for long-term dental implant survival.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hearing impairment among Children attending Birhanzare Primary School, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Haile Bitseat W. , Feyissa Yibeltal M. , Kassa Betelehem B , Etissa Eyob Kebede , Asrat Haregewoin , Tadesse Mikael A. , Mekasha Amha
Published: May 2023

Background Hearing impairment is the most prevalent sensory disability globally and a condition of growing concern with around 5.3% of the population having disabling hearing loss. It has significant impacts on the individual and society. The problem is even greater for children as hearing is the main source for language, speech, and cognitive developments.Methods A school based cross-sectional study at an elementary school in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia was conducted in May 2018. One hundred and ten students from grades 1–5 were enrolled in the study. A structured questionnaire filled by parents/caregivers. Audiometric testing and otoscopic examinations were used to determine hearing impairment and abnormal otoscopic findings respectively. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive and basic statistical analysis was applied. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for hearing impairment. Statistical significance was declared at p values < 0.05.Results A total of 106 students (27.4% male and 72.6% female) were enrolled in the study. Abnormal otoscopic findings were observed among 30.2% of the participants, with wax being the commonest abnormality observed in twenty-two point eight (22.8%), pus discharge and dull tympanic membrane in 4%, foreign bodies were found in 3 of the participating students (2.8%). The prevalence of disabling hearing impairment in this study (> 25dB on the better hearing ear), was 34% where the majority (32.1%) had mild hearing impairment. Abnormal otoscopic finding showed significant association with hearing impairment.Conclusion The prevalence of hearing impairment in our study is higher than WHO and other regional estimates. Given the high prevalence of HI, availability of management options for mild HI, and its underlying causes, early hearing screening programs in children should be integrated into existing systems such as the Ethiopian school health program as well as early childhood growth and development monitoring entry points.
Experiences of women with psychological suffering in the puerperium: interpretations and meanings
Authors: Mapelli Lina Domênica , Gozzo Thais de Oliveira
Published: May 2023

Background: Women in Brazil are guaranteed the right to a puerperal consultation until the 42nd day of the puerperium. It has been observed that they only attend the health services for childcare consultations, and the care provided is solely focused on the newborns. This approach culminates in dissatisfaction, inadequate guidance, and unresolved care to puerperal health.
Methods: A qualitative research was conducted on 27 puerperae from São Paulo, guided by the compass of the theoretical framework of symbolic interactionism and processed by the methodological framework of narrative analysis.
Results: I. Disenchantments in the puerperium: groping the puerperium in concreteness; inexorable fatigue in the praxis of maternity; devotion to the care of the newborn; unpleasant bodily changes in the puerperium and fragile self-care; II. Via crucis of breastfeeding; III. Restlessness in the puerperium; IV. Nuances of psychological suffering in the puerperium.
Conclusions:When entering the world of the puerperium, the difficulties encountered with the care of the newborn and breastfeeding point to the woman's susceptibility to puerperal blues, fatigue, anxiety, and puerperal depression. Moreover, other sufferings such as non-suicidal self-injury, periodic binge eating disorder, and puerperal obsessive-compulsive disorder may also occur. Nonetheless, professionals should be prepared for the detection, treatment, and follow-up of psychological depression in the puerperium.
Professional happiness assessment tool for nurses：A scoping review
Authors: Yang Lijun , Fan Songsong , Li Qi , Ma Hongwen
Published: May 2023

Background: With the continuous development of positive psychology, happiness at work has become a new topic, especially in nurses. However, there is a lack of scope review that can summarize the assessment tools of nurses' occupational happiness.
Objective: This study systematically searched the evaluation tools of nurses' occupational happiness, and analyzed the basic characteristics, dimensions, reliability , validity and localization of assessment tools. To provide reference for effective assessment of nurses' occupational happiness in the future.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted using search results from four bibliographic databases.
Results: A total of 3912 articles were retrieved, 33 articles were included. 3797 articles were retained after duplicate articles were eliminated. In the title and abstract screening, 3662 articles were excluded. The full text selection eliminated 102 articles. In the end, 33 articles from 20 countries were left on the scope review. Among them, 17 were universal assessment tools and 3 were dedicated to nurses. The content of evaluation often involves individual positive emotion, negative emotion and life satisfaction. The universal tool is mainly used to evaluate the subjective well-being of individual population and is widely used. Assessment tools for the nurse population include not only the assessment range of universal tools, but also the assessment of happiness in the nurse's work environment. The scoring method is mainly Likert scoring. All 20 tools have been introduced and localized in different countries and tested for reliability and validity in nurses.
Conclusions: The improvement of nurses' occupational happiness will mean higher quality of care and general improvement of individual health. Evaluating nurses' occupational happiness is the premise of improving nurses' occupational happiness. There is still a lack of convenient and accurate assessment tools in clinical practice. In the future, researchers should identify the differences in nurses' occupational happiness studies in different countries, apply the definition of norms, and develop assessment tools for nurses' occupational happiness in different departments. In the test of reliability and validity, the sample size should be expanded and the multi-center test should be carried out to enhance the evaluation tool persuasion, improve the quality of assessment tools and expand the degree of popularization. In clinical practice, assessment tools are standardized step by step.
Habitat, plant height, and soil nutrients are important determinants of the Hypericum perforatum microbiome
Authors: Petipas Renee , Higgins Steven A. , Koechli Chantal , Debenport Spencer J. , Jack Chandra N. , Geber Monica A. , Buckley Daniel H.
Published: May 2023

Aims Saint John’s wort, Hypericum perforatum, is a medicinally and ecologically important perennial plant species that has a broad global distribution. Despite the species’ importance, little is known about the factors that structure its microbial communities and the identity of microbes that enhance plant growth and fitness. Here we aim to describe the microbial communities associated with Hypericum perforatum and elucidate factors that structure these communities.Methods We collected H. perforatum root samples in three adjacent habitat types: wet and dry alvars (two types of limestone barren) and fallow agricultural fields (i.e. old-fields), in Jefferson County, New York. We used high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the SSU-rRNA gene (16S, bacteria) and the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS1, fungi) to characterize the root microbiome of H. perforatum. At each root sampling location, we quantified aspects of the plant phenotype and soil characteristics to evaluate habitat variables that correlate with root microbial communities.Results Alvars had ~ 13% higher bacterial richness compared to old-fields. In contrast, old-fields had 28% higher fungal richness than dry alvars, but similar fungal richness to wet alvars. Habitat and plant height were important predictors of microbial community composition. We identified two bacterial taxa positively associated with plant height, both belonging to the bacterial phylum Actinobacteria.Conclusions This work contributes to our understanding of the environmental determinants of microbial community composition. Additionally, we were able to identify bacterial taxa that are correlated with plant health and should be investigated further as indicators of soil health or plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria.
Clinical analysis of balanced chromosomal translocation with primary infertility in couples
Authors: Wang Kangying , Lin Hua , Wu Fan , Liu Ben , Lun Yongzhi
Published: May 2023

Background:Two chromosomes undergo a break and exchange with each other, then the formation of two new derived chromosomes without a mitotic break is a reciprocal translocation. Reciprocal translocations are relatively common structural aberrations that can occur on any chromosome. Reciprocal translocations are called balanced translocations when there is only a change in position and no visible gain or loss of chromosome segments. Chromosomal translocations are rearrangements based on chromosomal breaks resulting in abnormal chromosome structure and are an important cause of habitual abortion and fetal malformations[1].
Method: The karyotypes of patients were analyzed by collecting peripheral blood for lymphocyte culture, chromosome harvesting, filming, and G dominant band staining.
Result: The chromosomal results of the couples were 46, XY,t(13;16)(q34;q12.1) and 46, X,t(X;3)(p22.1;q26.2). They are both chromosomally balanced translocation carriers, with translocations occurring on chromosomes 13, 16, X, and 3. Their chromosome breakpoints are q34, q12.1, p22.1, and q26.2.
Conclusion: It is clinically rare for couples to be both chromosomal translocation carriers simultaneously. Abnormal chromosome structure is one of the leading causes of primary infertility in males or females[2]. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) allows genetic testing of gametes or embryos of chromosomal translocation carriers and selection of healthy or translocated embryos for transfer to solve the fertility problems faced by chromosomal translocation carriers.
Profiling risk factors for separation of infection complications in patients with gastrointestinal and nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Xue Min , Gao Zhenzhen , Yan Miaolong , Bao Yi
Published: May 2023

Objective:
To identify risk factors for infection complications in patients with gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (GI-DLBCL) and nodal DLBCL (N-DLBCL) during treatment, respectively.
Methods:
Total 51 GI-DLBCL patients and 80 N-DLBCL patients were included after retrieving clinical data from a single medical center in the past ten years. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to analyze patients’ data, including baseline demographics, treatments and laboratory values, to determine independent risk factors of infection.
Results:
28 of 51 patients (54.9%) in the GI-DLBCL group and 52 of 80 patients (65%) in the N-DLBCL group were observed infection events during treatment. A multivariate logistic regression model revealed that Ann-arbor stage IV (P=0.046; OR: 22.867; 95%CI: 1.053-496.508) and high serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) at the time of diagnosis (LDH >252U/L; P= 0.036; OR: 1.110; 95%CI: 1.105-21.456) were independent risk factors for the development of infection in patients with GI-DLBCL after systemic treatment. In the N-DLBCL group, low hemoglobin (Hb) (P= 0.037; OR: 0.970; 95%CI: 0.943-0.998) at the time of diagnosis, high serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (P= 0.046; OR: 4.869; 95%CI: 1.020-1.209) and low platelet (P= 0.016; OR: 0.991; 95%CI: 0.982-1.000) at pre-infected laboratory examination were significant factors in the infection events during treatment.
Conclusions:
Discordant impendent risk factors induced infection may be present during the treatment in patients of GI-DLBCL and N-DLBCL. Close monitoring these risk factors is likely an effective strategy to prevent microbial infections in these patients.
Prediction of earthquake magnitude and seismic vulnerability mapping using artificial intelligence techniques: a case study of Turkey
Authors: Biswas Saptadeep , KUMAR DHRUV , Bera Uttam Kumar
Published: May 2023

Earthquake threats can result in fatalities, property destruction, and other cascading effects. Since it is nearly impossible to prevent earthquakes, anticipating the location of future earthquakes and figuring out their likelihood could be very helpful in reducing the seismic threat. In this work, seismic hazard prediction is executed to forecast adverse results using a range of potential artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, including ML and ANN. In the case study, we have looked at Turkey, which was recently and badly damaged by two earthquakes in February 2023. To predict earthquake magnitude, this study used a variety of regression algorithms, including Decision Tree Regressor, Extra-Trees Regressor, Random
Forest Regressor, Bayesian Ridge Regressor, and advanced gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) algorithms such as XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost, as well as three artificial neural networks (ANN). The predicted magnitude and risk zone of an earthquake are mapped using a geographic information system (GIS), and the maps performed well in terms of prediction. The generated maps is showing the expected earthquake risk based on historical data using the statistical computations. The ANN models perform exceptionally well, with R2 scores of 0.99 and 0.98 for training and case study data, respectively, and low values for MSE, MAE, and RMSE. ML models have demonstrated an exceptional ability to properly generalize from a single dataset, which implies they can accurately anticipates results for new and untested data.
The results would be helpful to many local emergency preparedness and infrastructure planning organizations.
Effects of diel oxygen cycling and benthic macrofauna on sediment oxygen demand
Authors: Gadeken Kara , Dorgan Kelly
Published: May 2023

Shallow marine soft sediments serve an important function by remineralizing organic matter, which consumes dissolved oxygen in the process. Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) depends on overlying water oxygen concentration but can also be altered by mixing and irrigating activities of sediment macroinfauna. Oxygen patterns in shallow coastal waters can vary substantially on short time scales, frequently following a diel cycle. However, little is known about whether and how the presence of macrofauna in sediment may affect SOD throughout a diel cycle. In this field study, we examined how sediment oxygen demand varied over a diel oxygen cycle and with sediment macroinfaunal presence. In situ flow-through benthic metabolism chambers were used to measure SOD at a high temporal resolution in discrete sediment patches. We found that sediments with more macroinfauna had greater average SOD over the diel cycle, consistent with previous studies. There was an interaction between the effects of faunal biomass and DO on SOD, suggesting that where macroinfauna are present they drive greater SOD during nightly low oxygen, presumably by enhancing their irrigation. SOD was also highly variable on a sub-diel timescale, and more variable in sediments with more macroinfauna. This indicates that sediment oxygen demand is dynamic and highly sensitive both temporally, on very short timescales, and spatially, in terms of resident fauna. High temporal and spatial resolution measurements, particularly on the diel scale, are critical to accurately estimate sediment metabolism.
Hydrogeomorphic Investigation of Keonjhargarh and Patana Blocks, Keonjhar District, Odisha, India
Authors: Majhee R. , Naik A. S. , Kumar A. , Prakash K. , Kumar S. , Dinpuii L. , Kumar G. , Kumar N.
Published: May 2023

Certain parts of Odisha suffer from acute water scarcity at times due to nature's vagaries as well as improper management of water resources. Despite this, the groundwater situation, in general, does not appear to be very dire. Considering the above, an attempt has been made to perform hydrogeomorphic studies in two administrative blocks within Keonjhar District, Keonjhargarh and Patana. The study area extends between latitudes 21°26ꞌ38″N to 21°51ꞌ35″N and longitudes 85°37ꞌ6″E to 86°02ꞌ03″E with a total area of 1053.455 sq. Km. Survey of India Toposheets of 1:50,000 scale and LISS-III satellite data having a resolution of 30 meters are used to prepare several thematic layers, viz., lithological map, slope map, land-use and land cover map, lineament map and lineament density map, drainage map, and geomorphological map. The raster maps of these factors are assigned a fixed score and weight using the Multi Influencing Factor (MIF) technique. All the thematic layers have been integrated with one another in ArcGIS software to delineate groundwater potential zones using the weighted overlay analysis method. The final integrated layer has been classified into five classes, i.e., ‘Very Good,’ ‘Good,’ ‘Moderate,’ ‘Poor,’ and ‘Very Poor, to delineate groundwater potential zones that are validated using hydrological data. The present study has provided insight into the role played by geomorphological, lithological, climatological, and hydrogeological factors that affect the occurrence, distribution, movement, recharge-discharge, and quality of groundwater in the study area.
METTL3 promotes PGC-1α transcription and alleviates mitochrondrial dysfunction of diabetic nephropathy by targeting lncRNA TUG1 m6A modification
Authors: Chen Tong , Wang Juan , Xu Yanyan , Zhu Yonghong , Jin Ying , Fan Qiuling
Published: May 2023

Background: m6A modification plays an important role in various biological processes and can regulate the function of non-coding RNA. Our research group found the m6A level of lncRNA TUG1 was reduced in HK-2 cells cultured with high glucose. Here we study the impact of the important component of m6A-METTL3 on TUG1 in diabetic nephropathy.
Objective: Explore the m6A modification mechanism of lncRNA TUG1 and whether METTL3 can promote PGC-1α transcription, alleviate mitochrondrial dysfunction and diabetic renal injury.
Methods: Test the m6A modification level of the total RNA and lncRNA TUG1 in HK-2 cells and db/db mice.Detect whether lncRNA TUG1 can combine METTL3 and IGF2BP2 by RIP-PCR. Test the mitochondrial function HK-2 cells and db/db mice. Use transmission electron microscope to observe the morphology of mitochondria in HK-2 cells and db/db mice.
Results: RIP-PCR showed that lncRNA TUG1 could bind to METTL3, and IGF2BP2 could recognize the m6A-modified lncRNA TUG1. IGF2BP2 improved the stability of lncRNA TUG1. High glucose and transfection of siTUG1 in HK-2 cells inhibited PGC-1α pathway, and aggravated mitochondrial dysfunction and morphological damages, while overexpression of METTL3 in HK-2 cells and injection of AAV-METTL3 in db/db mice partially rescued the negative effect.
Conclusion: RNA m6A methylation/demethylation imbalance may be mainly regulated by METTL3 in HK-2 cells, and involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy. METTL3 can promote the expression of TUG1 through m6A modification in a IGF2BP2-dependent manner in HK-2 cells, and regulate the PGC-1α pathway to alleviate mitochrondrial dysfunction of diabetic nephropathy.
A novel subset of colonocytes targeted by Citrobacter rodentium
elicits epithelial MHCII-restricted help from CD4 T cells
Authors: Weaver Casey , Zindl Carlene , Wilson Garrett , Chadha Awalpreet , Cai Baiyi , Harbour Stacey , Nagaoka-Kamata Yoshiko , Gao Min , Figge David
Published: May 2023

Interleukin (IL)-22 plays a non-redundant role in immune defense of the intestinal barrier1–3. We recently discovered an indispensable role for T cells, but not ILCs, in sustaining IL-22 signaling required for protection of colonic crypts against invasion during infection by the enteropathogen, Citrobacter rodentium (C.r)4. However, identification of the intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) subsets targeted by T cell-derived IL-22 and how T cell-derived IL-22 sustains activation in IECs are undefined. Here, we identify a novel subset of absorptive IECs in the mid-distal colon that are differentially targeted by C.r and are differentially responsive to IL-22 signaling. Importantly, MHCII expression by these colonocytes was required to elicit T cell-activated IL-22 signaling necessary to resist C.r invasion. Our findings explain the basis for the regionalization of the host response to C.r and demonstrate that epithelial cells must elicit MHCII-dependent help from IL-22–producing T cells to orchestrate immune protection in the intestines.
Application of human-computer interaction virtual reality technology in urban cultural creative design
Authors: Han Sujuan , Liu Shuo , Ren Lili
Published: May 2023

As the in-depth expansion and integrated application of information technology, smart city is one of the important directions for nurturing breakthroughs in the new generation of information technology, and an important part of the development of global strategic emerging industries. In the context of world peace, the world economy is developing rapidly and the process of urbanization is accelerating. The construction of a city not only reflects the economic strength of the city, but also is closely related to the life of the citizens. Therefore, this paper aimed to explore a new way of urban cultural creative design. This paper focused on the application of human-computer interaction virtual reality(VR) technology in urban cultural creative design. For this reason, this paper designed an interactive and immersive urban design simulation platform based on VR technology. In order to choose the viewing angle freely and control the design module freely, this paper proposed improved gesture recognition algorithm and anti-collision algorithm. The algorithm designed in this paper can enable designers to have better presentation effects when working on the platform, making architectural design more intuitive. Experiments show that the average accuracy rate of the gesture recognition algorithm designed in this paper reaches 97.3%, which is 4.1% higher than that of the traditional algorithm; and when the anti-collision algorithm in this paper is set to the optimal parameters, the accuracy rate is as high as 95%. These results fully demonstrate that the human-computer interaction VR technology design platform proposed in this paper has good design performance and can be applied to urban cultural creative design.
Oxidative responses in small juveniles of Colossoma macropomum anesthetized and sedated with Ocimum gratissimum L. essential oil
Authors: Ferreira Andre Lima , Silva Walisson de Souza e , Silva Hugo Napoleão Pereira da , Milarch Carine de Freitas , Palheta Glauber David Almeida , Heinzmann Berta Maria , Pinheiro Carlos Garrido , Baldisserotto Bernardo , Favero Gisele Cristina , Luz Ronald Kennedy
Published: May 2023

This study evaluated the use of essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum (EOOG) for anesthesia and in transport of Colossoma macropomum. Experiment 1, Test 1, anesthesia induction and recovery times were determined using different EOOG concentrations (0, 20, 50, 100, 200, 300 mg L− 1), with two size classes: Juveniles I (0.86 g) and Juveniles II (11.46 g) (independent tests in a completely randomized design). Based on the results of Test 1, in Test 2 Juveniles II were exposed to EOOG concentrations: 0, 20, 100 mg L− 1. Tissue samples were collected immediately after induction and 1 h post-recovery, to assess oxidative status variables. Experiment 2, Juveniles I (0.91 g) and Juveniles II (14.76 g) were submitted to transport in water with different concentrations of EOOG (0, 5, 10 mg L− 1) (independent tests in a completely randomized design). The effects on oxidative status variables were evaluated. Concentrations between 50 and 200 mg L− 1 EOOG can be indicated for Juveniles I, while concentrations between 50 and 100 mg L− 1 EOOG for Juveniles II. The concentration of 100 mg L− 1 EOOG was able to prevent oxidative damage in the liver. In Experiment 2, the concentrations of 5 and 10 mg L− 1 EOOG added to the transport water caused sedation for both studied size classes of juveniles and did not cause oscillations in water quality variables nor any mortality. The concentration of 10 mg L− 1 EOOG improved the oxidative status. It can be concluded that EOOG can be used for anesthesia and transport of C. macropomum.
Buckling analysis of sandwich cylindrical micro shells with functionally graded porous core subjected to uniform magneto-electric fields based on couple stress theory
Authors: Mohammed Layth , Biglari Hasan , Tahami Farid Vakili
Published: May 2023

This study examines the buckling behavior of sandwich cylindrical microshells made of functionally graded materials under uniform magneto-electric load. The analysis utilizes a high-order shear and normal deformation shell theory, incorporating a material length scale parameter from the couple stress theory. Hamilton's principle is used to derive the equations of motion and boundary conditions at both ends. The Navier procedure is employed to determine the dimensionless critical buckling load for three types of functionally graded sandwich cylindrical microshells, with a vector used to represent the uniform magneto-electric fields at both ends. Results indicate that angled functionally graded sandwich cylindrical microshells exhibit higher stiffness in couple stress theory than in normal FGS, resulting in an increased dimensionless critical buckling load. Moreover, the material length scale parameter has a significant impact on the dimensionless critical buckling load across various axial and circumferential wavenumbers. An increase in power-law index n for specific values of dimensionless length scale parameter (l/h) leads to a decrease in DCB load according to MCST.
Robotized indoor phenotyping allows genomic prediction of adaptive traits in the field
Authors: Tardieu Francois , Bouidghaghen Jugurta , Moreau Laurence , Beauchene Katia , Chapuis Romain , Mangel Nathalie , Bosquet LLorenç Cabrera , Welcker Claude , Bogard Matthieu
Published: May 2023

Breeding for resilience to climate change requires considering adaptive traits such as plant architecture, stomatal conductance and growth, beyond the current selection for yield. Robotized indoor phenotyping allows measuring such traits at high throughput for speed breeding, but is often considered as non-relevant for field conditions. We show that maize adaptive traits can be inferred in different fields, based on genotypic values obtained indoor and on environmental conditions in each considered field. The modelling of environmental effects allowed translation from indoor to fields, but also from one field to another field. Furthermore, genotypic values of considered traits matched between indoor and field conditions. Genomic prediction resulted in adequate ranking of genotypes for the tested traits, although with lesser precision for elite varieties presenting reduced phenotypic variability. Hence, it distinguished genotypes with high or low values for adaptive traits, conferring either spender or conservative strategies for the diversity of future climates.
Implementing the free HPV vaccination for eligible girls in Shenzhen, Guangdong: Experience, challenges, and lessons
Authors: Wu Dadong , Liu Peiyi , Song Danhong , Wang He , Chen Siqi , Tang Wanyi , Zhao Xuelian , Zhao Fanghui , Wang Yueyun
Published: May 2023

Cervical cancer is a major public health concern in China, accounting for almost one-fifth of the global incidence and mortality. The recently prequalified domestic bivalent HPV vaccine offers a practical and feasible preventive measure. In response to the WHO's call for action, the National Health Commission established an Action Plan to eliminate cervical cancer by 2030, with the promotion of HPV vaccination for eligible girls as a critical step. Despite this, implementation of the vaccination programme has been patchy, with very low coverage among eligible girls. To address this, a demonstration project was launched in Shenzhen in December 2021 to promote the inclusion of HPV vaccine in the immunisation programme and to address existing barriers to implementation. Using multiple sources of data, this article presents a case study of the demonstration project, analysing its impact on increasing the HPV vaccination rate among eligible girls and identifying any challenges encountered during implementation. The demonstration project has shown promising results in increasing the HPV vaccination rate, promoting public awareness and acceptance of the domestic HPV vaccine, and establishing a model for scaling up the vaccination programme at the municipal level. The success of the project can be attributed to several factors, including the strong governmental commitment, sufficient funding, multi-sectoral collaboration, improved vaccine accessibility and affordability, enhanced capacity of primary care practitioners, and effective health education and communication strategies. Lessons learned from Shenzhen can provide valuable insights for future advocacy and implementation in other areas of China, but challenges must be addressed to achieve universal coverage. These challenges include vaccine hesitancy, expanding the programme to cover a broader age range, and ensuring consistent quality of vaccination services in primary care facilities. Overcoming these challenges will require innovative strategies, public-private partnerships, and sustained funding and resources. Future research should focus on evaluating the long-term effectiveness of the HPV vaccination programme and identifying contextual factors that may impact implementation in different settings. Overall, the effective control of cervical cancer in China will rely on the “political will” to ensure that preventive interventions are incorporated into policies and that programme coverage is equitable and universal.
Identifying inpatient hospitalizations with continuous electroencephalogram monitoring from administrative data
Authors: Fernandes Marta , Westover M. Brandon , Zafar Sahar F.
Published: May 2023

Background Continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) is increasingly utilized in hospitalized patients to detect and treat seizures. Epidemiologic and observational studies using administrative datasets can provide insights into the comparative and cost effectiveness of cEEG utilization. Defining patient cohorts that underwent acute inpatient cEEG from administrative datasets is limited by the lack of validated codes differentiating elective epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) admissions from acute inpatient hospitalization with cEEG utilization. Our aim was to develop hospital administrative data-based models to identify acute inpatient admissions with cEEG monitoring and distinguish them from EMU admissions.Methods This was a single center retrospective cohort study of adult (≥ 18 years old) inpatient admissions with a cEEG procedure (EMU or acute inpatient) between January 2016-April 2022. The gold standard for acute inpatient cEEG vs. EMU was obtained from the local EEG recording platform. An extreme gradient boosting model was trained to classify admissions as acute inpatient cEEG vs. EMU using administrative data including demographics, diagnostic and procedure codes, and medications.Results There were 9,523 patients in our cohort with 10,783 hospital admissions (8.5% EMU, 91.5% acute inpatient cEEG); with average age of 59 (SD 18.2) years; 46.2% were female. The model achieved an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.92 (95% CI [0.91–0.94]) and area under the precision-recall curve of 0.99 [0.98–0.99] for classification of acute inpatient cEEG.Conclusions Our model has the potential to identify cEEG monitoring admissions in larger cohorts and can serve as a tool to enable large-scale, administrative data-based studies of EEG utilization.
Disease-Modifying Effects of a Glial-targeted Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor (1400W) in Mixed-sex Cohorts of a Rat Soman (GD) Model of Epilepsy
Authors: Vasanthi Suraj S. , Rao Nikhil S. , Samidurai Manikandan , Massey Nyzil , Meyer Christina , Gage Meghan , Kharate Mihir , Almanza Aida , Wachter Logan , Mafuta Candide , Trevino Lily , Carlo Adriana M , Bryant Elijah , Corson Brooke E. , Wohlgemuth Morgan , Ostrander Morgan , Wang Chong , Thippeswamy Thimmasettappa
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAcute exposure to seizurogenic organophosphate (OP) nerve agents (OPNA) such as diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) or soman (GD), at high concentrations, induce immediatestatus epilepticus(SE), reactive gliosis, neurodegeneration, and epileptogenesis as a consequence. Medical countermeasures (MCMs- atropine, oximes, benzodiazepines), if administered in < 20 minutes of OPNA exposure, can control acute symptoms and mortality. However, MCMs alone are inadequate to prevent OPNA-induced brain injury and behavioral dysfunction in survivors. We have previously shown that OPNA exposure-induced SE increases the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in glial cells in both short- and long- terms. Treating with a water soluble and highly selective iNOS inhibitor, 1400W, for three days significantly reduced OPNA-induced brain changes in those animals that had mild-moderate SE in the rat DFP model. However, such mitigating effects and the mechanisms of 1400W are unknown in a highly volatile nerve agent GD exposure.MethodsMixed-sex cohort of adult Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to GD (132µg/kg, s.c.) and immediately treated with atropine (2mg/kg, i.m) and HI-6 (125mg/kg, i.m.). Severity of seizures were quantified for an hour and treated with midazolam (3mg/kg, i.m.). An hour post-midazolam, 1400W (20mg/kg, i.m.) or vehicle was administered daily for two weeks. After behavioral testing and EEG acquisition, animals were euthanized at 3.5 months post-GD. Brains were processed for neuroinflammatory and neurodegeneration markers. Serum and CSF were used for nitrooxidative and proinflammatory cytokines assays.ResultsWe demonstrate a significant long-term (3.5 months post-soman) disease-modifying effect of 1400W in animals that had severe SE for > 20min of continuous convulsive seizures. 1400W significantly reduced GD-induced motor and cognitive dysfunction; nitrooxidative stress (nitrite, ROS; increased GSH: GSSG); proinflammatory cytokines in the serum and some in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); epileptiform spikes and spontaneously recurring seizures (SRS) in males; reactive gliosis (GFAP + C3 and IBA1 + CD68 positive glia) as a measure of neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration (including parvalbumin positive neurons) in some brain regions.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate the long-term disease-modifying effects of a glial-targeted iNOS inhibitor, 1400W, in a rat GD model by modulating reactive gliosis, neurodegeneration, and neuronal hyperexcitability.
Analysis and design of three-coil radio-energy-efficient transmission system with constant current and constant voltage characteristics
Authors: Yang Tong , Gong Lijiao , Zhang PengFei , Ma XinXin , Guo WangWang , Huang Bo
Published: May 2023

To meet the requirements of constant current (CC) or constant voltage (CV) power supply for sensors and other electric loads, this study proposed two types of three-coil WPT (wireless power transfer) system: one with relay coil and another with dual transmitter and single receiver. On the basis of actual coil parameters and target gains, the transmission characteristics of different circuits were analyzed, the design method of compensation network for three-coil WPT systems with CC and CV characteristics was given, and the transmission efficiency and lateral offset competence of the two designs were compared under the same load resistance. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed system’s CV and CC output characteristics and its parameter design method were verified through physical experiments. Results show that under CC condition, the transmission efficiency of the three-coil system with relay coil is lower than the dual-transmitter and single-receiver type. Moreover, under CV, the transmission efficiency and offset characteristics of the former are higher than the latter.
Causal Relationship between Genetically Predicted Psychiatric Disorders and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Liu Yi-Fan , Jia Hui , Wu Miao-Qing , Cao Di , Lv Guang-Zhao , Li Cong , Zhang Rong-Xin , Chen Gong
Published: May 2023

Purpose The main purpose of this study was to examine the causal relationship between various psychiatric disorders and colorectal cancer risk using a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. The research question aimed to determine whether a specific psychiatric disorder has a causal link with colorectal cancer.Methods We utilized publicly accessible genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data on psychiatric disorders, including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Insomnia, Schizophrenia (SCZ), Bipolar Disorder (BIP), Worry, Panic, Autism Disorder, and Neuroticism. Causal analyses were executed using inverse variance weighting (IVW) and supplemented with methods for sensitivity assessment, pleiotropy testing, and outlier exclusion.Results Our analysis identified a causal relationship solely between BIP and colorectal cancer (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81–0.99, P = 0.03). Additional analysis revealed a causal effect of type I BIP on colorectal cancer (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.93–0.98, P = 0.01). We found no evidence of a causal impact for other mental disorders on colorectal cancer risk.Conclusion Our study implies that type I BIP exerts a negative causal influence on colorectal cancer risk, offering new perspectives for the study of prevention strategies and pathological mechanisms of colorectal cancer.
Learning Modular Language-Conditioned Robot Policies through Attention
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Sonawani Shubham , Phielipp Mariano , Amor Heni Ben , Stepputtis Simon
Published: May 2023

Training language-conditioned policies is typically time-consuming and resource-intensive. Additionally, the resulting controllers are tailored to the specific robot they were trained on, making it difficult to transfer them to other robots with different dynamics. To address these challenges, we propose a new approach called Hierarchical Modularity, which enables more efficient training and subsequent transfer of such policies across different types of robots. The approach incorporates Supervised Attention which bridges the gap between modular and end-to-end learning by enabling the re-use of functional building blocks. In this contribution, we build upon our previous work, showcasing the extended utilities and improved performance by expanding the hierarchy to include new tasks and introducing an automated pipeline for synthesizing a large quantity of novel objects. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach through extensive simulated and real-world robot manipulation experiments.