bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
РОЗВИТОК ТОРГОВЕЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ В ОДЕСЬКОМУ ІНСТИТУТІ НАРОДНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА В 1920-Х РОКАХ
Authors: Литвин Наталя Миколаївна , Разіцький Віталій Йосипович
Published: August 2023

Метою дослідження є розкриття завдань і цілей, поставлених комуністичною партією перед торговельно-економічною освітою у 1920-ті роки ХХ ст., на прикладі Одеського інституту народного господарства. Методологія дослідження спирається на принципи історизму, системності, науковості, верифікації, авторської об’єктивності, поміркованого конструктивізму, а також на використання загальнонаукових (аналіз, синтез, узагальнення) та спеціально-історичних (історико-системний, історико-типологічний) методів. Результати досліджень. У статті подаються основні організаційні аспекти Одеського інституту народного господарства, розкрито завдання та цілі, поставлені владою перед науково-педагогічною діяльністю інституту, також зосереджена увага на соціальному складі студентів та їхній освіті на торгово-кооперативних факультетах. Слід підкреслити, що ця тема є актуальною, оскільки в Україні наявні лише фрагментарні дослідження з питань торгівлі та економічної освіти 1920-х років. Висновки. У статті представлені архівні документи, які дають дані про фінансове забезпечення інституту, ролі кооперативних організацій у фінансовій допомозі кооперативного факультету Інституту. У роботі наголошується на відсутності комерційних фахівців та важкому фінансовому становищі студентів на той час. Звертається увага на проблеми, що пов’язані з фінансуванням та зарахуванням студентів на кооперативний факультет. Автори підкреслюють роль торгово-економічної освіти у народженні нової комерційної та пролетарської інтелігенції. На основі архівних документів ми можемо простежити історію інститутів національної економіки, а найголовніше, прокоментувати основні цілі влади щодо створення нової бази торговельно-економічної освіти та нових спеціалістів у сфері торгівлі. З наведених висновків можемо стверджувати, що торговельно-економічна освіта посідала провідне місце у соціалістичному будівництві того часу, а головне – мала виконувати роль «гвинтика» в народженні нової філософії торгівлі та економіки.
Hubungan Konflik Peran Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Pada Bidan Di Kota Makassar
Authors: Hikma  , Andi Surahman Batara  , Wardiah Hamzah
Published: August 2023

Konflik peran terjadi saat munculnya peran-peran yang saling bertentangan yang harus dilakukan oleh individu sebagai anggota dalam sebuah organisasi. Hal itu mengakibatkan individu mengalami konflik peran sehingga tidak dapat membuat keputusan yang tepat mengenai bagaimana peran-peran tersebut akan dilakukan dengan baik sehingga bisa melihat antara time-based conflict, strain-based conflict, behavior-based conflict dengan komitmen organisasi pada bidan . Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel 159 responden. Metode analisis data ini menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan Time-Based conflict dengan komitmen organisasi dengan p=0,606. Tidak ada hubungan antara Strain-Based conflict dengan komitmen organisasi dengan nilai p value=0,606. Tidak ada hubungan antara Behaviour-based conflict dengan komitmen oorganisasi pada bidan di puskesmas Kota Makassar dengan nilai p value= 0,619. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yang telah dilakukan di Puskesmas Kota Makassar bahwa Tidak ada hubungan antara time-based conflict, strain-based conflict, behavior-based conflict dengan komitmen organisasi pada bidan di kota Makassar.Saran dari peneliti yang akan datang, peneliti berharap hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai sumber data maupun acuan dalam melakukan penelitian selanjutnya agar penelitian ini dapat dilanjutkan dan dapat disempurnakan sehingga dapat memberikan manfaat kepada orang yang lebih banyak.
Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Gangguan Pendengaran Pada Pekerja Bagian Produksi Di PT. Industri Kapal Indonesia Makassar
Authors: Puspita Dhea , Ikhram Hardi  , Nurbaety  , Ayu Puspitasari  , Masriadi
Published: August 2023

Gangguan pendengaran merupakan salah satu gangguan kesehatan yang berisiko. Seseorang yang menderita gangguan pendengaran tidak hanya dilihat dari beberapa hal seperti kesulitan berbicara, tetapi juga bisa dilihat dari kondisi fisiologis pekerja itu sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan pendengaran pada pekerja bagian produksi di PT. Industri Kapal Indonesia (Persero) Kota Makassar.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Menggunakan teknik simple random sampling yang diambil sebanyak 79 orang. Analisis data menggunakan uji bivariat dengan uji ­Chi-square pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% ( =0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara intensitas kebisingan dengan gangguan pendengaran (pvalue 0,000), ada hubungan antara masa kerja dengan gangguan pendengaran (pvalue 0,000), tidak ada hubungan antara lama kerja dengan gangguan pendengaran (pvalue 0,947) dan tidak ada hubungan antara penggunaan alat pelindung telinga dengan gangguan pendengaran (pvalue 0,857). Saran penelitian kepada pihak perusahaan perlu adanya pengaturan jam kerja/shift kerja sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan kerja dengan kebisingan yang tinggi, memberikan pelatihan kepada karyawan mengenai dampak dari kebisingan terhadap kesehatan dan memantau intensitas kebisingan di lingkungan kerja secara rutin serta perlu memberikan sanksi kepada pekerja yang tidak menggunakan alat pelindung telinga agar pekerja menggunakan alat pelindung telinga yang telah disediakan.
Hubungan Personal Hygiene Menstruasi Dengan Kejadian Keputihan Pada Remaja Di MAN 2 Barru
Authors: Darniaty Nur Suci Permata , Arman  , Ulfa Sulaeman
Published: August 2023

Keputihan di definisikan sebagai cairan dari kelamin perempuan (vagina) yang berlebihan selain air kencing atau darah. Sifatnya bisa normal atau tidak normal. Menstruasi merupakan perdarahan yang teratur dari uterus sebagai tanda bahwa organ kandungan telah berfungsi matang dan keputihan adalah keluarnya cairan selain darah dari liang vagina di luar kebiasaan, baik berbau atau tidak, serta disertai rasa gatal setempat. Perilaku personal hygiene merupakan faktor yang sangat penting dalam pencegahan masalah keputihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hubungan personal hygiene menstruasi dengan kejadian keputihan pada remaja di MAN 2 Barru. Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu menggunakan metode sistem random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 117 responden. Metode analisis menggunakan Univariat dan Bivariat dengan uji Chi-square. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdiri dari Hubungan personal hygiene dengan kejadian keputihan memiliki P value 0,004, hubungan penggantian pakaian dalam dengan kejadian keputihan memiliki P value 0,001, hubungan pemakaian sabun dengan kejadian keputihan memiliki P value 0,366, hubungan penggantian pembalut dan pantyliner dengan kejadian keputihan memiliki P value 0,000 dan hubungan penggunaan air bersih dengan kejadian keputihan memiliki P value 0,025. Kesimpulan penelitian diperoleh bahwa ada hubungan personal  hygiene dengan kejadian keputihan pada remaja di MAN 2 Barru.
Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Perilaku Seksual Remaja Di SMAN 2 Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Andi Fitri Farwati  , Muhammad Ikhtiar  , Nur Ulmy Mahmud
Published: August 2023

Masa remaja adalah masa transisi antara masa kecil dan masa kanak-kanak. Kehidupan dewasa dicirikan oleh pertumbuhan biologis dan psikologis. Ciri-ciri biologisnya adalah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan primer seks, psikologis ditandai dengan sikap dan perasaan, keinginan dan emosi yang tidak stabil atau berubah-ubah. Masa peralihan perkembangan dan pertumbuhan yang dihadapi oleh remaja akibat berbagai perubahan fisik, sosial, emosional yang semuanya itu akan menimbulkan rasa cemas dan ketidaknyamanan. Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja di SMAN 2 Bone Tahun 2021. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan simple random sampling yaitu 185 siswa/siswi. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (alpha=0.05). Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku seksual pada remaja diperoleh bahwa nilai p value = 0,723>0,005. Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara sikap dengan perilaku seksual pada remaja (p value = 0,707>0,005). Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara peran teman sebaya dengan perilaku seksual remaja (p value =0,000<0,005). Ada hubungan antara peran media massa dengan perilaku seksual remaja (p value =0,000<0,005). Penelitian ini menyarankan agar para remaja dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan seks, sikap yang positif, memilih teman dengan selektif dan mencari informasi yang baik dan akurat agar tidak terpengaruh terhadap perilaku seksual pada remaja. Dan diharapkan penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan untuk memasukkan kurikulum kesehatan reproduksi yang akan diberikan kepada siswa-siswi melalui bimbingan konseling yang tepat dan terarah.
Distribusi Spasial Faktor Determinan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kassi-Kassi Kota Makassar
Authors: Hasbi A.Muhammad Fikri Zainul , Fatmah Afrianty Gobel  , Ulfa Sulaeman
Published: August 2023

Tuberculosis merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh basil Mycrobacterium tuberculosis yang masuk kedalam tubuh dengan gejala batuk yang berlangsung selama 2 minggu, yang dikuti dengan gejala tambahan yaitu dahak bercampur darah, batuk darah, sesak nafas, dan badan lemas, nafsu makan menurun, berat badan menurun, berkeringat pada malam hari tanpa adanya kegiatan fisik dan demam meriang selama satu bulan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui distribusi spasial faktor determinan dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru di wilayah kerja puskesmas Kassi-Kassi Kota Makassar tahun 2022. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan system informasi geografis yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan fenomena yang ditemukan berupa faktor determinan atau masalah kesehatan yang kemudian akan dipetakan menggunakam peta distribusi spasial dengan aplikasi ArcMap 10.8. Populalsi dalam penelitan adalah seluruh penderita Tuberkulosis Paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kassi-Kassi yang berjumlah 106 orang dengan menggunakan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan suhu, kelembaban dan pencahayaan pada rumah responden penderita TB paru termasuk dalam kategori tidak memenuhi syarat. Penelitian ini menyarankan kepada untuk meningkatkan penanggulangan penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru, serta meningkatkan promosi PHBS dan menjaga lingkungan agar tetap sehat, dan melakukan penyuluhan.
Pengaruh Stress Kerja Dan Anxiety Terhadap Mental Well-Being Karyawan Bank Syariah Indonesia Di Kota Makassar
Authors: Fadhilah  , Muhammad Khidri Alwi  , Nur Ulmy Mahmud
Published: August 2023

Well-being adalah sebuah kondisi dimana individu memiliki sikap positif terhadap dirinya dan orang lain, mampu mengendalikan lingkungan yang kompatibel dengan kebutuhannya, memiliki tujuan hidup yang lebih bermakna, serta berusaha untuk terus mengembangkan potensi dalam dirinya. Stress kerja berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja karyawan, karena beban kerja yang berlebihan, tekanan waktu, pengembangan karier, masalah keluarga dan masalah organisasi dapat menurunkan kinerja karyawan tersebut dimana karyawan merasa capek, gelisah, tidak bahagia, sakit kepala, lemah serta mudah marah. World Health Organization (WHO) menyebutkan bahwa sekitar 450 juta orang di dunia mengalami stres. Di Indonesia tercatat sekitar 10 % dari total penduduk Indonesia mengalami stress. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui, pengaruh Pengaruh Stress kerja dan Anxiety Terhadap Karyawan Bank Syariah Indonesia di Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif cross sectional. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 97 karyawan Bank Syariah Indonesia Kota Makassar. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh stress dan kecemasan (anxiety) terhadap well-being dengan nilai P 0,999 (Stress kerja) dan P 0,719 (Kecemasan) dengan menggunakan uji Chi-square sehingga dapat disimpulkan tidak ada pengaruh stress dan kecemasan terhadap mental well-being karyawan Bank Syariah Indonesia di Kota Makasar. Diharapkan kepada seluruh karyawan agar tetap mempertahankan lingkungan yang positif di tempat kerja, serta mempertahankan manajemen stress dan kecemasan agar well-being karyawan baik.
Food security of Ukraine under the war aggression: current state and future perspectives
Authors: Artemenko Liudmyla , Marynenko Nataliia , Kramar Iryna , Hats Liubov
Published: September 2023

Key features of the country’s food security status that is caused by the war and particularly by the decrease of the population’s purchasing power, increase of the portion of their expenses for groceries; reduction of the farming lands areas and decrease in number of entrepreneurs; worsening of the indicators of country’s ranking in the Global Index of Food Security are revealed and critically evaluated in the article. Various measures of the administrative organizations and institutions to ensure stability of the national food market are characterized. Special attention is stressed on the fact that the liquidation of the institutional basis in food industry is one of the destructive factors that contributes to a complete devastation of agribusiness with the closed cycle of production, export that is focused on raw materials, GDP losses due to the missed food production with added value. The perspective to deepen the processing of the raw materials and expansion of the agri-processing power are proven. In the context of the long-term food self-sustainability of the various regions of Ukraine the expediency to develop a complex program to restore the food production based on the innovative modernization of the business processes and digital capabilities is substantiated. It is stated that in the situation of dynamic challenges it is required for Ukraine to correct the status of the food security in ascending direction based on the determination agrarians’ potential modernization. Based on the research results various stabilization measures are suggested and it is concluded that the use of the advanced technologies in food, processing industries and in agriculture will turn food safety into the modulator of the scientific and technological progress of the country. Transition to achieving long-term goals under current uncertainty and in post-war period will require coordination of joint efforts, powerful investment streams with orientation on foreign partners. Transformational processes will change the own model: proper production of the wide range of food products with improved quality standards and under established control of the final product to meet the international standards.
GIFTED STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE ON ALGORITHMIC, CONCEPTUAL, AND GRAPHICAL QUESTIONS
Authors: Coştu Fatma
Published: September 2023

Several studies compared three different types of questions (conceptual, algorithmic, and graphical) across various topics, however, few focused specifically on gifted students. This study addressed this gap. The aim of the study, hence, was to determine whether there were notable differences in gifted students’ performance in the three types of tests. The study involved 115 gifted students aged between 17 and 18 years old. They responded to the three different tests including 10 test items in each with the same content. Significant differences were observed in their performances between the conceptual versus algorithmic in favour of the conceptual test, the conceptual versus graphical in favour of the conceptual test, and the algorithmic versus graphical in favour of the algorithmic test. Moreover, the statistical analysis results revealed that the students performed markedly poorer performance on the graphical test in comparison to both the algorithmic and conceptual tests. These results suggest the need to enhance students' graphical skills to facilitate a better understanding of physics concepts. Proper steps should be taken to improve their proficiency in interpreting and analysing graphical representations.
Keywords: algorithmic understanding, conceptual understanding, graphical understanding, gifted students, physics education
PHYSICS TEACHERS’ SELF-EFFICACY, INNOVATIVE TEACHING AND COMPREHENSIVE TEACHING APPROACH: LATENT PROFILE ANALYSIS
Authors: Lin Qiang-Wen , Luo Yu-Zhou
Published: September 2023

Physics education aims to develop sophisticated thinking abilities and enhance conceptual depth, but student interest has decreased, emphasizing the importance of teacher quality in fostering success and positive attitudes. The aim of the study was to examine the physics teachers' self-efficacy, innovative teaching, and comprehensive teaching approach levels. As data collecting instruments, self-efficacy, innovative physics teaching, and comprehensive teaching approach scores were utilized. In the pilot research group, validity and reliability assessments were conducted on the scales. The primary research involved 241 physics teachers. As the measurement variables were constantly changeable, Latent Profile Analysis was utilized. The present study's results suggest that teachers have high self-perceptions in various dimensions related to teaching effectiveness, including self-efficacy, innovative teaching, and comprehensive teaching approach. These results are consistent with previous research that has shown a positive relationship between teacher self-perceptions and teaching effectiveness. Future research could explore the relationship between teacher self-perceptions and student achievement to better understand the impact of self-perceptions on student outcomes. Overall, the results of this study highlight the importance of supporting teachers' self-efficacy and providing opportunities for innovative teaching and professional development to improve comprehensive teaching approach.
Keywords: physics teachers, self-efficacy, innovative teaching, comprehensive teaching approach, Latent Profile Analysis
A NEXUS OF SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS, SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ VIEWS CONCERNING MANGROVES FIELDWORK
Authors: Molefe Leonard , Aubin Jean-Baptiste
Published: September 2023

Initial teacher education should mould well-rounded teachers proficient in scientific investigations, and advocate sustainability amid global ecosystems’ degradation. The research sought to explore pre-service science teachers’ views concerning scientific investigations and sustainable development goals, and synergy between skills and different aspects of scientific inquiry within the context of the mangroves ecosystem studied. A four-part questionnaire was administered to 82 students registered for a Bachelor of Education degree. It included items on teachers’ confidence in planning and conducting scientific investigations, types of scientific investigations, sustainable development goals, science process skills and the different aspects of scientific inquiry. Statistical analysis of the data showed the importance of a constructivist approach, learner engagement and discerning and controlling variables when investigating scientific phenomena. However, only a fair number of teachers could correctly provide the scientific investigation they conducted during the mangroves study, the sustainable development goals embedded in it, and the synergy between science process skills and the aspects of scientific inquiry. The findings have implications for teacher education in terms of potential challenges in teachers’ understanding of scientific investigations, the synergy between them and sustainability, and science process skills that meld with the aspects of scientific inquiry.
Keywords: pre-service teachers, science process skills, scientific inquiry, scientific investigations, sustainable development goals
ASSESSMENT OF CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING IN STUDENT LEARNING OF MOON PHASES
Authors: Zou Yi , Jin Lizhen , Huang Xiao , Li Yanbing
Published: September 2023

Many research studies have shown that lower-secondary school students’ scientific literacy depends on their understanding of corresponding scientific concepts. Therefore, it is of great significance to model and assess students’ conceptual understanding in learning specific scientific concepts, because it can reflect and diagnose students’ cognitive characteristics, so as to provide evidence for targeted educational interventions. However, on the topic of Moon Phases, existing research studies have deficiencies in the evaluation and analysis of different levels of students’ conceptual understanding, which restrict teachers to take effective educational interventions to help them. Thus, this study explored a new level division and an assessment test for revealing and explaining students’ different conceptual understanding in learning Moon Phases. This study was conducted among 768 Chinese lower-secondary school students. Through a variety of quantitative and qualitative analyses, it was found that students’ conceptual understanding of Moon Phases can be divided into three levels of continuous improvement, including the mechanical memory of different phenomena of moon phases, the formation of a preliminary mental model of Moon Phases, and the construction of a complete mental model of Moon Phases. Accordingly, this study made some precise suggestions for effectively improving students’ conceptual understanding of Moon Phases.
Keywords: assessment of conceptual understanding, level division, Moon Phases, quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis
Osmanlı Irak’ına Dâir II. Abdülhamid Dönemi Lâyihalarında Şiîlik
Authors: KARTALOĞLU Habib
Published: September 2023

II. Abdülhamid döneminde mezhep-siyaset ilişkileri bağlamında değerlendirilebilecek bazı lâyihalar hazırlanmıştır. Bu lâyihaların bir kısmı Irak bölgesinde yayılmakta olan Şiîlik hakkındadır. Irak coğrafyasında erken dönemlerden itibaren Şiî varlığı söz konusu olsa da on dokuzuncu yüzyıla kadar belirgin bir Şiî nüfus yoğunluğundan bahsetmek mümkün değildir. Ancak bu tarihlerden sonra bölge nüfusunun çoğunluğunu oluşturacak şekilde Şiî nüfus artışı olmuştur. Bu bağlamda 1880’li yıllardan itibaren II. Abdülhamid’e arz edilen raporlarda bölgede Şiîliğin sürekli arttığına dikkat çekilmektedir. Buradan hareketle çalışmanın konusunu, Irak’ta yayılmakta olan Şiîliğe dair II. Abdülhamid döneminde hazırlanan lâyihalar oluşturmaktadır. Lâyihalarda, Irak’ta Şiîliğin yayılmasının sebepleri arasında Sünnî eğitimin yetersizliği ve atebât-ı âliyede bulunan müctehidlerin faaliyetleri öne çıkarılmaktadır. Diğer taraftan alınması gereken tedbirler bağlamında da eğitimin olmazsa olmaz olduğu, problemin çözümünün askerî tedbirlerle olamayacağı ve tayin edilecek ulemâya yeterli miktarda maaş tahsis edilmesi gerektiği açıkça belirtilmektedir.
Menon Paradoksu Ekseninde Râzî’nin Teşkîkî Yöntemi
Authors: BAYSAL Erkan
Published: September 2023

İslam düşünce geleneğinin en etkili isimlerinden biri Fahreddin er-Râzî’dir (ö. 606/1210). O, tahkik yöntemiyle birçok meseleyi aklî bir çözüme kavuşturduğu gibi teşkîk yöntemiyle de birçok konuyu farklı açılardan problematize etmiştir. Bu nedenle kendisine İmâmü’l-muhakkikîn ve İmâmü’l-müşekkikîn denilmiştir. Bu konuların başında ise onun bilgi ve yöntemle ilgili ortaya attığı soru(n)lar gelmektedir. Onlardan biri de Menon paradoksu ve onunla ilgili çözüm önerileridir. Bu paradoks özünde var olan bilgilerin tekrar elde edilmesinin gereksizliğine, olmayan bilgilerin ise talep edilmesinin imkânsızlığına dayalıdır. Râzî, bu konuda farklı ifadeler kullanmaktadır. Ondan sonra gelen düşünürleri en fazla düşünmeye sevk eden Râzî’nin bu farklı ifadeleri gelmektedir. Başta bu konu olmak üzere Râzî’nin teşkîk yöntemini bir eksiklik olarak görenlerin aksine bu yöntem geleneğe çok ciddi katkılar yapmıştır. Aynı zamanda Menon paradoksu ile ilgili ifadeleri onun hem muhakkik hem de müşekkik kimlikleri ile irtibatlıdır.
Atuação de cirurgião-dentista, frente à pandemia da COVID-19, na atenção primária à saúde: relato de experiência
Authors: Anunciação Marcelo dos Santos , Santos Neto Moisés Vila Flor dos , Fernandes Eder Akydawan de Paiva Gomes
Published: September 2023

À frente de uma emergência de saúde pública, como a pandemia da COVID-19, os serviços de saúde foram incumbidos a se reorganizarem, e o exercício multiprofissional foi o fomentador de ações em saúde na Atenção Primária à Saúde. A considerar os profissionais de saúde atuantes nesse nível de atenção, destaca-se a essencialidade do cirurgião-dentista como ator no enfrentamento à referida doença. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo trata de um estudo descritivo, na modalidade relato de experiência, vinculado ao município da Bahia, no período entre março e junho de 2020. O estudo foi elaborado a partir das mudanças no fluxo de atendimento de uma unidade de saúde da família, tendo como foco a atuação do núcleo de Odontologia. Com a reorganização do serviço, notou-se uma maior adesão da população às recomendações da equipe de saúde, observados na demarcação do fluxo de indivíduos que mostrou bons resultados, reduzindo o risco da transmissão viral entre pacientes e os profissionais da saúde. E para a efetivação das medidas, foram necessárias mudanças nos fluxos, atualizações contínuas, reforço na biossegurança, assim como alterações nos atendimentos odontológicos. A partir dessa experiência, ressalta-se a relevância do trabalho em equipe na consolidação do cuidado humanizado e integral, com ênfase à atuação protagonista do cirurgião-dentista no contexto sanitário supracitado, na Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Endodontia em sessão única: revisão de literatura
Authors: Silva Ana Paula Nóbrega Caetano da , Couto Alana Almeida , Leal Alex Sandro Mendonça , Ribeiro Ana Graziela Araújo , Moreira Anna Beatriz Batista , Ribeiro Bruna Helen Nogueira , Valois Érica Martins , Azevedo Izabelle Maria Cabral de , Cardoso Jemerson da Silva , Cirilo João Joaquim Vieira , Carvalho Karinne Travassos Pinto
Published: September 2023

O tratamento endodôntico é um procedimento realizado em múltiplas sessões por grande parte dos dentistas. Com o advento da tecnologia, houve o surgimento de novos instrumentais que culminaram na realização de um procedimento mais rápido, em apenas uma sessão. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente estudo é discutir sobre as vantagens e desvantagens da realização do tratamento endodôntico em sessão única, além de analisar os benefícios e as complicações, por meio de uma revisão de literatura. Foram selecionados 23 artigos científicos nos idiomas português e inglês, coletados entre os anos de 2012 e 2022 nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed e Google Acadêmico. Através dos estudos levantados, pôde-se observar que o tratamento endodôntico em sessão única diminui o desconforto do paciente, tempo de trabalho e custo, além de minimizar a chance de contaminação entre os procedimentos e diminuir a ocorrência de acidentes e complicações. Porém, a obtenção de um diagnóstico incorreto e a indicação inapropriada desta técnica pode resultar em desvantagens, como a dor pós operatória exacerbada e surtos. Desse modo, é possível concluir que a determinação do tratamento em sessão única ou múltipla é uma decisão do profissional e deverá levar em consideração as características clínicas do caso somadas às evidências científicas, bem como a habilidade do profissional e tecnologias disponíveis.
Fitocenosis en los Pinares de Monte Cristo, Cuba oriental
Authors: Reyes Orlando Joel , Samek Veroslav , Del Risco-Rodríguez Enrique
Published: August 2023

Se realiza una caracterización general de las fitocenosis presentes en Monte Cristo y se pone de manifiesto, que es aquí donde único crece el Pinus cubensis sobre suelos derivados de calizas. Utilizando la metodología de Braun Blanquet se describe la asociación Alvaradoo arborescentis-Pinetum cubensis y sus dos subasociaciones: typicum y colubrinetosum ferrugineae que viven sobre suelos procedentes de la caliza. A su vez se estudian las asociaciones: Gundlachio cubanae-Pinetum cubensis y Lepidaploo orbicularis-Pinetum cubensis que se desarrollan sobre las ofiolitas, la primera sobre suelos ferríticos y la segunda en suelos esqueléticos.
The general characterization of the phytocoenosis of Monte Cristo is given and it is stated that this is the only place where Pinus cubensis grows on limestone derivated soils. A study, by Braun Blanquet methodology, is presented of the association Alvaradoo arborescentis-Pinetum cubensis and its two subassociation: typicum and colubrinetosum that grow on limestone are described referring to their characteristics and ecological conditions. The following associations, that grow on ophiolites, are also studied: Gundlachio cubanae-Pinetum cubensis and Lepidaploo orbicularis-Pinetum cubensis; a characterization is given similar to the previous. Finally the floristic relation is analyzed with all the phytocoenoses described.
Alternative Credibility, Phenomenological Empathy, and the Plandemic: Trust in Consipiracy Theories During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kattumana Tarun
Published: September 2023

Plandemic: The Hidden Agenda behind COVID-19 is a twenty-six-minute film that went viral during the spring of 2020. The film invited controversy for sowing doubt in the official account of the COVID-19 pandemic by presenting an alternate perspective on several key issues such as masking, vaccines, and COVID-19 control measures. The film also vilified public health institutions and officials like Antony Fauci, among others. This paper aims to evaluate how conspiracy theories like the Plandemic find fertile ground during moments of crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. To accomplish this the paper has two aims: (i) highlight the crucial role played by ‘alternative credibility’ and ‘empathy’ in garnering trust; (ii) identify how both concepts operate in the opening segment of the Plandemic, when the film’s protagonist Judy Mikovits is introduced in a manner that commentators claim played a crucial role in gaining the audience’s trust.
Orta Çağ Avrupa’sının Eli kanlı Adlî Memurları ve Kirli İşlerin Efendileri: Cellatlar
Authors: GÜRTAŞ DÜNDAR Derya
Published: August 2023

Erken Orta Çağ döneminin büyük bölümünde ve bunu takip eden yüzyıllarda, suç ve kanunsuzluk tüm dünyada yaygındı. Orta Çağ’da suçlu kişilerin yargılandığı adlî sistem, hem sivil mahkemelerden hem de kiliseye bağlı Engizisyon mahkemelerinden oluşuyordu. Bu bağlamda adlî sisteme hizmet eden birçok görevli vardı. Ancak, Orta Çağ'dan itibaren Batı ve Orta Avrupa toplumları, hükümlülerine ölüm cezası verme ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacak resmi bir pozisyona giderek daha fazla ihtiyaç duymaya başladılar. Bu yüzden cellatlık toplumda bir meslek olarak ön plana çıkmıştır.
Orta Çağ Dünyası ile zihin dünyamızda oluşan el baltaları ile ölüm yayan kimseler olarak tasvir edilen cellatlar, aslında faydalı birer kamu görevlisi olmuşlardır. Bir kamu celladının, görevi adlî makamlar tarafından verilen idam ve bedensel cezaları uygulamak olmuştur. Çünkü erken Orta Çağlardan itibaren eğer bir celladın yardımı yoksa, cüppeli hakimlerin ve peruklu yargıçların cezaları hiçbir işe yaramazdı. Orta Çağ Avrupa'sında cellatlar sadece infazları gerçekleştirmiyordu. Çöplerin toplanmasından fahişelerin ve cüzzamlıların takibine, pazar yerlerinin denetiminden, kanalizasyon işlerine, başıboş hayvanların kontrolüne kadar şehir hayatının düzeniyle ilgili pek çok görevi de yerine getirmişlerdir. Cellatlar, kimsenin yapmak istemediği veya tiksindiği birçok şeyi yaptıkları için kirli işlerin ustaları da denir. Bu işlerden iyi para kazanmış olmalarına rağmen toplumda katil ve kirli olarak görülmüşlerdir. Bu nedenle insanlar tarafından sevilmediler ve toplumdan izole edildiler.
“Dağı Yerinden Oynatmak”: Necmettin Erbakan’ın Dış Politika Perspektifinde Türkiye Merkezli İslam Birliği’nin İmkânı
Authors: BİLGENOĞLU Ali , GÜRSOY Barış
Published: September 2023

Necmettin Erbakan modern Türk siyasetinin ve yüz yıla yaklaşan Cumhuriyet tarihinin en önemli siyasal aktörlerinden bir tanesidir. Erbakan aktif siyasette bulunduğu süre boyunca Millî Görüş geleneğinin dış politika perspektifini gün ışığına çıkarmaya dönük kavram ve teklifler üretmiştir. Söz konusu dış politika yaklaşımı içerisinde “İslam Birleşmiş Milletler Teşkilatı”, “İslam Ülkeleri Ortak Pazarı ve Ortak Para Birimi”, “Müslüman Ülkeler Arası Askeri İş Birliği” ile “Müslüman Ülkeler Kültür İş Birliği Teşkilatı” gibi uluslararası kurumların birer proje olarak teklifi dikkat çekmektedir.

Erbakan’ın muhayyilesinde sözü edilen projelerin merkezinde sahip olduğu tarihsel ve kültürel derinliği ile Türkiye’nin liderliği ön kabulü olmazsa olmaz bir figür olarak kurgulanmaktadır. Türkiye’nin liderliği hem tahayyül edilen İslam Birliği için bir gereklilik hem de bizzat Erbakan tarafından varlığı iddia edilen “Batı-merkezli siyasal ve ekonomik sömürü düzenine karşı” “dağı yerinden oynatmaya dönük” topyekûn bir mücadele verebilmek adına bir zorunluluktur.

Bu çalışmada Necmettin Erbakan liderliğindeki Milli Görüş hareketinin dış politika yaklaşımının temelini oluşturan İslam Birliği’nin teşekkülü meselesinin felsefi kodları ve gelecek projeksiyonu bağlamında Türkiye ile Müslüman toplumlara atfedilen roller bizzat Erbakan tarafından kaleme alınmış olan kitaplar, kendisi ile yapılan röportajlar ile yine kendisi tarafından muhalefette ve iktidarda bulunduğu dönemlerde yapılmış konuşmalar analiz edilerek Türkiye merkezli İslam Birliği idealinin imkânı sorgulanmaya çalışılacaktır.
Optical Properties of Newly Developed Monolithic CAD/CAM Materials After Aging
Authors: UYSAL ÖZEL Hatice Banu , ASLAN Yılmaz Umut , SANCAKLI Erkan
Published: September 2023

Objective: With the widespread use of CAD/CAM (computer aided design and manufacture) systems in dentistry, many restorative materials have been produced. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the change in optical properties of newly developed translucent monolithic zirconia (TMZ) (Cercon HT Dentsply, Sirona, USA), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) (Celtra Duo, Dentsply, Germany) and lithium disilicate (LS2) (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) materials with aging.

Methods:10 discs of 12mm diameter and 1.2 mm thickness were produced from high translucent A2 color of each material. The aging process was applied in an autoclave under 134ºC, 0.2MPa pressure. For optical evaluation, L*, a*, b* values of the samples were measured by spectrophotometry before aging, after 3 hours and 6 hours aging. ΔE00 values and translucency parameters (TP) were calculated. The data were evaluated statistically.

Results: In the present study, all the materials had undergone color change as a result of aging, but this change was within acceptable limits (ΔE00 0.8). There was a decrease in the translucency of all materials used in the study, but this decrease was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: In the light of the findings obtained from this in vitro study, aging did not cause color and translucency changes in TMZ, ZLS, LS2 monolithic CAD/CAM materials.
Berberine inhibitory action against zika and dengue viruses in cell cultures
Authors: Giannone Denise A. , Piccini Luana E. , Brunetti Jesús E. , Quintana Verónica M. , Damonte Elsa B. , Castilla Viviana
Published: September 2023

Berberine (BBR) is a plant derived isoquinoline alkaloid that displays a great variety of biological activities. In this study we showed that BBR exhibits a strong antiviral activity with broad spectrum of inhibition against different strains of Zika virus (ZIKV) and the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) in Vero cells. The inhibitory effect of BBR on ZIKV and DENV-2 growth was also demonstrated in human cell lines. The analysis of BBR mode of action showed that the compound did not affect early events of viral multiplication cycle or viral protein expression. By contrast, BBR strongly impaired the formation of intracellular and extracellular infectious viral particles. Furthermore, BBR was able to inhibit ZIKV induced activation of ERK1/2 and p38 cell signaling pathways and also reduced p38 phosphorylation in uninfected cells. Like BBR, the p38 inhibitor SB202190 reduced p38 phosphorylation in both uninfected and ZIKV infected cultures and caused a significant diminishment of viral yields even when it was added late during the infection. These results suggest for the first time that the inhibitory effect of BBR on p38 signaling might contribute to the antiviral action of the compound against flaviviruses.
Transcription factor defects in inborn errors of immunity with atopy
Authors: Vaseghi-Shanjani Maryam , Yousefi Pariya , Sharma Mehul , Samra Simran , Sifuentes Erika , Turvey Stuart E. , Biggs Catherine M.
Published: September 2023

Transcription factors (TFs) are critical components involved in regulating immune system development, maintenance, and function. Monogenic defects in certain TFs can therefore give rise to inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) with profound clinical implications ranging from infections, malignancy, and in some cases severe allergic inflammation. This review examines TF defects underlying IEIs with severe atopy as a defining clinical phenotype, including STAT3 loss-of-function, STAT6 gain-of-function, FOXP3 deficiency, and T-bet deficiency. These disorders offer valuable insights into the pathophysiology of allergic inflammation, expanding our understanding of both rare monogenic and common polygenic allergic diseases. Advances in genetic testing will likely uncover new IEIs associated with atopy, enriching our understanding of molecular pathways involved in allergic inflammation. Identification of monogenic disorders profoundly influences patient prognosis, treatment planning, and genetic counseling. Hence, the consideration of IEIs is essential for patients with severe, early-onset atopy. This review highlights the need for continued investigation into TF defects to enhance our understanding and management of allergic diseases.
New insights into Saccharomyces cerevisiae induced calcium carbonate precipitation
Authors: Li Tianxiao , Zhang Huabing , Tan Xiang , Zhang Rui , Wu Fasi , Yu Zongren , Su Bomin
Published: August 2023

Our previous study reported that Saccharomyces cerevisiae could induce calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation, but the associated mechanism was unclear. In the present study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultured under various conditions, including the presence of different organic acids and initial pH, and the yields of CaCO3 formation induced by the different organic acids were compared. The metabolism of organic acid by the metabolites of S. cerevisiae was also assessed in vitro. The SEM-EDS and XRD results showed that only acetate acid, pyruvic acid, and α-ketoglutaric acid could induce CaCO3 formation, and the weight order of the produced CaCO3 was pyruvic acid, acetate acid, α-ketoglutaric acid. In addition, the presence of only yeast metabolites and the initial neutral or alkaline environment also limited the CaCO3 formation. These results illustrated that organic acid oxidation intracellularly, especially the tricarboxylic acid cycle, was the major mechanism, and the CaCO3 yield was related to the amount of CO2 produced by the metabolism of organic acids. These findings will deepen the knowledge of the mineralization capacity of S. cerevisiae and provide a theoretical basis for the future application of yeast as an alternative microorganism in MICP.
BOFUS and CLARITY: streamlining blockchain architecture and assessment for advanced standardization and interoperability in distributed ledger technologies
Authors: Saxena A. , Chiu Bang Han
Published: September 2023

The Blockchain Organized Framework for Unified Systems (BOFUS) and the Comprehensive Ledger Assessment for Robust Interoperability and Trustworthiness (CLARITY) initiatives address the challenges of understanding, standardizing, and enabling interoperability between diverse blockchain systems. BOFUS is a comprehensive 5-layer model that systematically organizes core blockchain components, while the CLARITY assessment provides a standardized method for evaluating and comparing blockchains using the CONFIGURE acronym. Together, these initiatives aim to facilitate a deeper understanding of blockchain technology, promote effective communication and collaboration between stakeholders, and ultimately advance the development and adoption of distributed ledger technologies. This paper presents an in-depth discussion of the BOFUS architecture and the CLARITY assessment, exploring their utility in various blockchain scenarios and their potential implications for the future of blockchain technology.
Two-dimensional liquid chromatography and ion mobility-mass spectrometry for the multicomponent characterization of different parts of the medicinal plant Gynostemma longipes
Authors: Zheng Wei , Li Gang , Yang Guang , Lu Pengxin , Li Qi , Zhang Mengmeng , Yuan Ming , Chen Xiaojuan , Wang Chenchen , Guo Baolin , Ma Baiping
Published: September 2023

Herba Gynostemma (Jiaogulan) is an herbaceous plant of the genus Gynostemma in the family Cucurbitaceae. Gynostemma longipes has lipid-lowering activity, thus, it is used as a medicinal material. However, its medicinal using parts have been recorded as whole plants or aerial parts in different provincial quality standards; therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive compositional analysis of the different parts of G. longipes (rhizomes, stems, and leaves) used in traditional medicine. In this study, offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography-ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2D-LC/IM-QTOF-MS) was used to analyze the different parts of G. longipes obtained from Shaanxi province, China. By combining the retention times, mass fragments, collision cross-section values, reference standards, and information concerning literature compounds, 396 components were identified from the three parts of the plant, including 94 groups of isomers, and 217 components were identified or tentatively identified as new compounds. In the rhizomes, leaves, and stems, 240, 220, and 168 compounds, respectively, were identified. Differential analysis of the compounds in the rhizomes and aerial parts was also carried out, and 36 differential components were identified, of which 32 had higher contents in the rhizomes. Therefore, these findings indicate that the number of chemical components and the content of major differential components are higher in the rhizomes than the leaves and stems of G. longipes from the Maobaling Planting Base in Pingli county, Shaanxi province. Thus, the rhizomes of G. longipes are also an important part for medicinal use. These results will contribute to the establishment of quality control methods for G. longipes.
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing assistance in identifying non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections
Authors: Wang Shilei , Xing Lihua
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The advent of metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has garnered attention as a novel method for detecting pathogenic infections, including Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial (NTM) and tuberculosis (TB).However, the robustness and specificity of mNGS in NTM diagnostics have not been fully explored.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we enrolled 27 patients with NTM genomic sequences via mNGS and conducted a comprehensive clinical evaluation.

Results

Pulmonary NTM disease was the most commonly observed presentation, with a subset of patients also presenting with extrapulmonary NTM infections.mNGS analysis identified six distinct NTM species, primarily Mycobacteriumavium complex (MAC), followed by Mycobacterium intracellulare andMycobacterium abscessus. Conventional routine culture methods encountered challenges, resulting in negative results for all available 22 samples. Among the 10 patients who underwent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) testing, five tested positive for NTM.

Discussion

It is important to note that further species typing is necessary to determine the specific NTM type, as traditional pathogen detection methods serve as an initial step. In contrast, when supplemented with pathogen data, enables the identification of specific species, facilitating precise treatment decisions. In conclusion, mNGS demonstrates significant potential in aidingthe diagnosis of NTMdisease by rapidly detecting NTM pathogens and guiding treatment strategies. Its enhanced performance, faster turnaround time (TAT), and species identification capabilities make mNGS a promising tool for managing NTM infections.
Endothelial activation and fibrotic changes are impeded by laminar flow-induced CHK1-SENP2 activity through mechanisms distinct from endothelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition
Authors: Nguyen Minh T. H. , Imanishi Masaki , Li Shengyu , Chau Khanh , Banerjee Priyanka , Velatooru Loka reddy , Ko Kyung Ae , Samanthapudi Venkata S. K. , Gi Young J. , Lee Ling-Ling , Abe Rei J. , McBeath Elena , Deswal Anita , Lin Steven H. , Palaskas Nicolas L. , Dantzer Robert , Fujiwara Keigi , Borchrdt Mae K. , Turcios Estefani Berrios , Olmsted-Davis Elizabeth A. , Kotla Sivareddy , Cooke John P. , Wang Guangyu , Abe Jun-ichi , Le Nhat-Tu
Published: August 2023

Background

The deSUMOylase sentrin-specific isopeptidase 2 (SENP2) plays a crucial role in atheroprotection. However, the phosphorylation of SENP2 at T368 under disturbed flow (D-flow) conditions hinders its nuclear function and promotes endothelial cell (EC) activation. SUMOylation has been implicated in D-flow-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (endoMT), but the precise role of SENP2 in counteracting this process remains unclear.

Method

We developed a phospho-specific SENP2 S344 antibody and generated knock-in (KI) mice with a phospho-site mutation of SENP2 S344A using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We then investigated the effects of SENP2 S344 phosphorylation under two distinct flow patterns and during hypercholesteremia (HC)-mediated EC activation.

Result

Our findings demonstrate that laminar flow (L-flow) induces phosphorylation of SENP2 at S344 through the activation of checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), leading to the inhibition of ERK5 and p53 SUMOylation and subsequent suppression of EC activation. We observed a significant increase in lipid-laden lesions in both the aortic arch (under D-flow) and descending aorta (under L-flow) of female hypercholesterolemic SENP2 S344A KI mice. In male hypercholesterolemic SENP2 S344A KI mice, larger lipid-laden lesions were only observed in the aortic arch area, suggesting a weaker HC-mediated atherogenesis in male mice compared to females. Ionizing radiation (IR) reduced CHK1 expression and SENP2 S344 phosphorylation, attenuating the pro-atherosclerotic effects observed in female SENP2 S344A KI mice after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), particularly in L-flow areas. The phospho-site mutation SENP2 S344A upregulates processes associated with EC activation, including inflammation, migration, and proliferation. Additionally, fibrotic changes and up-regulated expression of EC marker genes were observed. Apoptosis was augmented in ECs derived from the lungs of SENP2 S344A KI mice, primarily through the inhibition of ERK5-mediated expression of DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor (DDIAS).

In this study, we have revealed a novel mechanism underlying the suppressive effects of L-flow on EC inflammation, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, and fibrotic changes through promoting CHK1-induced SENP2 S344 phosphorylation. The phospho-site mutation SENP2 S344A responds to L-flow through a distinct mechanism, which involves the upregulation of both mesenchymal and EC marker genes.