bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF HARDOX 500 STEEL AND 20MnCr5
Authors: TARASIUK Wojciech , NAPIÓRKOWSKI Jerzy , LIGIER Krzysztof , KRUPICZ Bazyli
Published: September 2018

The paper presents the results of experimental studies on abrasion resistance of Hardox 500 steel and 20MnCr5 steel subjected to thermo-chemical treatment. These types of steel are often used for agricultural or construction machinery. Abrasion tests were performed on a T-11 pin using a disc tester. The test conditions correspond to the wear caused by micro-grinding and grain-cutting using particles from the product as well as a result of abrasion produced by loose abrasive material created through the chipping of silica sand grains. The obtained results can be useful in the selection of materials for machine components.
A STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF FRICTION FORCES ON THE TRANSMISSION OF SOIL VIBRATION ON GAS PIPELINES
Authors: GAWĘDZKI Wacław , TARNOWSKI Jerzy
Published: September 2018

The article presents the influence of friction force values during the contact of a gas pipeline with sand pack on the transmission of soil vibrations on a tested pipe section. Field experiments were carried out on standard gas pipeline insulations subjected to dynamic interactions. The load sources comprised artificially generated soil vibrations with an impulsive character. Within the course of experiments, soil and pipe vibration acceleration signals were registered for different values of friction forces in its contact with the soil. The value of friction forces being a variable parameter during experiments were applied by the change of values of the tension static force of the gas pipeline section. The analysis of the registered soil and pipe vibration acceleration signals were conducted based on the time-domain signal decomposition method, Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT). This method enables one to decompose the non-stationary vibration acceleration signal into narrowband components. For each component, a course of instantaneous values for frequency and amplitude was specified. The dependence of the pipe vibration acceleration amplitude on the pipe tensile force and friction force of the pipe in the contact with the soil was demonstrated.
A STUDY OF TRIBOLOGICAL LOAD CAPACITY OF VARIOUS FRICTION PAIRS
Authors: LEPIARCZYK Dariusz , GAWĘDZKI Wacław , TARNOWSKI Jerzy
Published: September 2018

The paper presents and experimentally verifies a testing method of friction pairs between various materials: steel-cast iron, cast iron-cast iron, and cast iron-ferodo. The applied methodology for the evaluation of tribological mating of a friction part allows for determining the time series of friction torque and mechanical power transmitted by a friction pair at slippage. Time series of parameters variability in the investigated friction process after the loss of contact are presented. In addition, relationships are presented that allow for determining the basic friction pair parameters: friction torque, friction coefficient, and mechanical power. This is a basis for determining the tribological load capacity of a friction pair whose measure has been assumed as the maximum value of torsional torque and mechanical power transmitted by the tested specimens.
INFLUENCE OF ENGINE OIL ON THE FRICTION AND WEAR OF A SURFACE LAYER WITH BORON
Authors: LUBAS Janusz , SZCZYPIŃSKI-SALA Wojciech
Published: September 2018

The aim of the present work is to determine the influence of surface layers with boron and engine oil on the processes of friction and wear in friction pairs. The ring samples with a borided surface layer cooperated under test conditions with counterparts made with CuPb30 bearing alloy. During the tests, the friction pairs were lubricated with 15W/40 Lotos mineral oil and 5W/40 Lotos synthetic oil. The friction pairs lubricated by Lotos synthetic oil a generate stronger friction force and higher temperature in the contact area of friction pairs, as compared to the pairs lubricated by Lotos mineral oil. Lubrication of the friction pairs by mineral oil in the start-up phase causes faster stabilization of the friction conditions than in the case of lubrication by synthetic oil. The wear of bearing alloy was lower when lubricated by Lotos mineral oil than by Lotos synthetic oil. The process of friction in the contact area of the friction pair leads to the destruction of the lubricant and the reduction of its operational properties, especially at high temperatures.
THE EFFECT OF TEETH CORRECTION IN AN ARCHIMEDES WORM GEAR ON THE CONTACT STRENGTH, WEAR, AND LIFE OF THE WORM GEAR TEETH
Authors: CZERNIEC Myron , KIEŁBIŃSKI Jerzy , CZERNIEC Jurij
Published: September 2018

The paper presents a method for determining the effect of teeth correction in an Archimedes worm gear on the contact strength, wear, and life of teeth of the worm wheel. The regularities regarding the effect of correction on contact and tribocontact parameters are established.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FRICTION FORCE REDUCTION IN SLIDING MOTION WITH SIMULTANEOUS TANGENTIAL AND NORMAL VIBRATIONS
Authors: GUTOWSKI Paweł , LEUS Mariusz
Published: September 2018

This work presents a test rig and the results of experimental investigations of friction force variability in sliding motion under the simultaneous influence of vibrations that are tangential and normal to the sliding plane. Investigations were carried out at the frequency of f = 2000 Hz, which is below the frequency of selfvibrations of the moved object. They were conducted as a function of the three most important factors decisive in the possibility of friction force reduction in sliding motion, and the magnitude of this reduction, i.e. the amplitude of vibrations, amplitude of vibrations velocity, and sliding velocity. Various surface pressures were considered. It has been shown that combining longitudinal tangential vibrations with normal ones increases the individual effects of each type of separately acting vibrations, but it is not directly summing them up.
SOLUTIONS OF WATER STERICALLY SPECIFIC SURFACTANTS AS MODEL ECOLOGICAL CUTTING FLUIDS
Authors: SUŁEK Marian W. , HRECZUCH Wiesław , PRZEPIÓRKA Jacek , ADACH Anna
Published: September 2018

From the large group of surfactants with branched chains, sulfosuccinate derivatives obtained based on 2-ethylhexyl alcohol were selected. The surfactant of reference was ethoxylated sulfosuccinate with an alkyl chain (C12-C14). Tests regarding foam-forming ability (V0) and foam stability (V10) for selected solutions of the three surfactants were performed. Foam stability of the solutions of sterically specific surfactants (P13, P14) decreased by up to a factor of ten as compared with the equivalent linear alkyl chain (P19). This was achieved with the high surface activity of the solutions of these compounds as represented by surface tension and wettability of the surface of the bearing steel. The consequence of the high surface activity of the compounds were low friction and wear in tribological tests at constant load and excellent anti-seizure properties. On the cooperating friction pairs, adsorption layers were formed, effectively separating the two materials and able to transfer the high loads [L. 3]. Summing up, there is the possibility of using solutions of sterically specific surfactants as model cutting fluids with low foaming ability.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF STRESS DISTRIBUTION ON WEAR PROFILE IN LUBRICATED SLIDING CONTACT OF UHMW-PE VS TITANIUM Ti-13Nb-13Zr ALLOY
Authors: ZASIŃSKA Katarzyna , SERAMAK Tomasz , ŁUBIŃSKI Jacek , ROTTA Grzegorz
Published: September 2018

Metal – polymer sliding contacts are a typical combination in industry and medicine. For decades such a set of materials has been the primary choice in human joints endoprosthetic technology. In this paper tribological issues of are presented from a research on the potential for practical use of Ti-13Nb-13Zr/UHMW-PE couple for orthopedic endoprosthesis. In tests on simplified models it is critically important to carefully select geometry of contact, load and velocity magnitudes and profiles to the later interpretation of results. In case of organic polymers interacting with metallic components the problem is even more prominent, than in the case of all metal systems because of great differences in the modulus of elasticity between the specimens in contact. High local loading can cause excessive heat generation and accelerated loss in polymer’s strength induced by thermal plastification. The process may not be manifested in the course of the experiment in any way detectable and might compromise the accuracy of wear measurement. In the case of the presented research an analysis has been performed to evaluate the observed wear profile of UHMW-PE with respect to non-uniform distribution of contact stress. A simulation was run with the use of FEM to evaluate the contact conditions between the titanium alloy and UHMW-PE specimens and the results were confronted with the wear profiles. Interesting similarities were discovered yielding useful information on the fundamentals of the wear in and for future research on similar systems.
ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL USAGE OF SELECTED MAGNETIC FLUIDS IN THRUST SLIDE BEARINGS
Authors: HORAK Wojciech , SALWIŃSKI Józef , SZCZĘCH Marcin
Published: September 2018

Magnetic fluids are substances whose rheological properties can be actively influenced by treatment with a magnetic field. Two main types of magnetic fluids can be distinguished: ferromagnetic fluids, and magnetorheological fluids. Ferrofluids are mostly used in sealing engineering, whereas magnetorheological fluids are usually applied in controlled systems for the dissipation of mechanical energy, like brakes and dampers. The ability to control the rheological properties of magnetic fluids opens new horizons for development in machine design, among others in the areas of bearing engineering. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the rheological characteristics of selected magnetic fluids with a focus on the possible areas of the application of these substances in bearing engineering.
THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF (Ti, Hf, Zr, Nb, V, Ta) N COATINGS DEPOSITED IN THE VACUUM-ARC PROCESS
Authors: TLEUKENOV Y.O. , POGREBNJAK A.D. , PLOTNIKOV S.V. , ERDYBAEVA N.K.
Published: September 2018

Nitride nanostructured coatings, which are based on high entropy alloys implanted with high doses of N + ions to 10X18 cm2 with an energy of 60 KeV were investigated. The coatings were deposited by vacuum circuit-arc method of cathode evaporation on steel samples when applying different potential on the steel substrate and the residual pressure in the chamber. The chamber was supplied by molecular nitrogen for nitride formation. Several methods such as SIMS, EDS, and XRD were used for elemental composition analysis of the coating. A scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectrometry was used in order to study the surface of the multi-component coatings and their elemental composition and distribution of elements on the surface coating. Nanohardness and elastic modulus were studies in dynamic mode at Triboindentor. Introduction of N atoms into the lattice led to the formation of solid solution. Nanostructured coatings obtained by vacuum-arc deposition with high micro-strain action show high hardness values (up to 32 GPa) due to the difference in atomic radius of the crystal lattices metal components. The coefficient of friction was in the range of 0.18 to 0.25. Deposited nanostructured films with the given mechanical properties may be used for wear resistant or protective coatings.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE SLIPPAGE AND CONTACT STRESS IN THE MESHING OF THE POWER-SHIFT TYPE GEAR
Authors: ZWOLAK Jan , MAREK Martyna
Published: September 2018

This work is an analysis of gear slippage and contact stresses in toothed gears of a six-shaft power shift gearing. Gear meshing contains 5 characteristic contact points located within the active surface of a tooth. The contact points are as follows: A – beginning of a tooth involute profile located within double-tooth engagement area; B – the end-point of double-tooth engagement constituting the beginning of single-tooth engagement area; C – pitch point, referred to also as the central contact point; D – the last point of the single-tooth engagement being at the same time the starting point of the double-tooth engagement area, which is a part of the tooth tip; and, E – point at the tooth tip that closes the double-tooth engagement area. The location of individual contact points and the resulting slippage and contact stress values depend on the geometrical parameters of cooperating gear wheels. The inter-relationship suggests that, in power shift gearings, the contact points have as many positions within the active surface as there are cooperating gear wheels.
CHANGES IN THE PROPERTIES OF THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE INTERNAL THREAD MADE BY COLD FORMING
Authors: CZARNECKI Henryk , MICHALCZUK Hubert , TAGOWSKI Michał
Published: September 2018

The study presents the influence of cold forming internal threads on the property changes of the surface layer of the obtained thread outline. As a result of material deformation, hardening increases, which increases the strength of the thread. In order to determine such changes, the distribution of microhardness was measured around the outline of the thread. The measurements and metallographic investigations permit the conclusion that such threading increases the microhardness of threads, especially on the sides of the outline, and its growth depends on the diameter of the initial hole. Microhardness testing helped to identify the changes in the area of unfilled apex of the thread. Metallographic images enable observation of the deformation zone and the fragmentation and orientation of the structure during the formation of the internal thread. The paper also presents the results of the fem simulation of thread cold forming process.
A METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF LUBRICATING OIL FROM MICROALGAE BIOMASS
Authors: DZIOSA Karolina , MAKOWSKA Monika
Published: September 2018

The paper presents a method for the preparation of lubricating oil from the biomass of single-cell green algae Chlorella sp. The microalgae were grown in a synthetic nutrient medium under laboratory conditions. The biomass, which was obtained from the culture, was subjected to the process of dehydration, freeze-drying, and solvent extraction, in order to separate lipids that may be a feedstock for eco-friendly lubricants. The chemical structure of obtained bioproducts (biomass and algal oil) was investigated by means of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry. Moreover, rheological characteristics (kinematic viscosity at 40 and 100°C, dynamic viscosity at 0–100oC) of the algal oil were determined. The results of the laboratory tests show that the oil has the chemical structure and viscosity-temperature properties similar to the rapeseed oil. This creates a potential opportunity to replace used vegetable lubricants or additives by algal oil in many technical areas.
A TRIBOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF UHMW POLYETHYLENE IN DRY AND LUBRICATED CONDITIONS
Authors: SIWAK Piotr , PATALAS Adam , JABŁOŃSKI Piotr , PETA Katarzyna
Published: September 2018

The aim of the study was to evaluate tribological properties of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). This study concerns the areas of both mechanical and biomechanical application fields, including chain guides and knee or hip joint liner replacement. The presented paper describes conducted research on tribological properties of UHMWPE with tribological testing station UMT-2 Bruker. This testing station is capable of conducting tribological tests of ferrous, non-ferrous metals, plastics, ceramics, composites, and various types of coatings, under both "dry" and liquid and solid lubricating agents. Tests were performed under various conditions, differing in relative speed and the load of interacting frictional pair. Moreover, test duration and the performed number of cycles were considered.
MODEL RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TECHNICAL METHODS OF LIMITING THE EXPANSION OF THE DEPRESSION CONE CAUSED BY DEWATERING OF THE PLANNED GUBIN OPEN-PIT BROWN COAL MINE
Authors: Fiszer Janusz
Published: September 2018

Due to the planned exploitation of the Gubin lignite deposit by opencast method, a numerical hydrogeological model was built. The main goal of the model was to forecast the development of the cone of depression caused by the future mine dewatering. Due to the location of the mine near the Nysa Łużycka River, a drainage system will be developed. The main task of this system is to eliminate the development of the cone of depression in the upper Quaternary aquifer in Germany, as well as to protect the Natura 2000 areas located in the immediate vicinity of the mine against harmful effects on groundwater-dependent ecosystems. The modelling studies allowed analyzing the efficiency of slurry walls, deep barriers of recharge wells, and shallow soakaway systems for water from the future mine dewatering. It has been shown that in case of dewatering of a multi-layer aquifer complex with many hydraulic contacts, the use of slurry walls may be insufficient to limit the development of the cone of depression. However, the combination of slurry walls with the systems recharging the aquifers enables effective counteracting the negative impact of dewatering on the environment.
HYDROGEOLOGICAL REGIONAL MODEL AS A PERMANENT TOOL IN SOLVING VARIOUS-SCALE TASKS – EXPERIENCE FROM THE LEGNICA-GŁOGÓW COPPER REGION (LGOM)
Authors: GURWIN Jacek , WCISŁO Marek
Published: September 2018

Regional models, covering several thousand km2, are usually implemented to reflect the functioning of hydrogeological systems, whose internal conditions exert an influence over long distances. These include rivers (a model of a catchment), groundwater basins (models covering recharge areas), large intakes and mines (models covering capture zones). Due to the manner of formulating the hydrogeological task and accuracy dictated by the scale, such models are forgotten immediately after verifying, archiving and introducing the results into planning documents and studies. A numerical model with an area of approx. 3 thousand km2 is presented, which is subject to updates and successfully solves subsequent tasks from 2010. It shows how the solutions can be approached on a local scale, on the order of several tens – several hundred metres, using a 400-metre discretization grid. The construction of the regional model requires a high amount of documentation, field and computer work. Therefore, we should aim to use regional models in the long-term, as permanent, with the involvement of people who participated in their creation.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN PRESSURE ON GROUNDWATER BUDGET IN THE AREA OF THE ŻURAWINIEC PEAT BOG NATURE RESERVE IN POZNAŃ
Authors: HERMANOWSKI Piotr , POPIEL Dagmara , KUKULSKI Wojciech
Published: September 2018

Growth of a city, which is linked with intensive urban development, systematically affects groundwater recharge by diminishing its rate. Thus, the phenomenon influences groundwater resources in a hydrogeological unit and, in turn, it causes negative environmental consequences which are difficult or even impossible to reverse. This study analyses the effect of urban development on water budget and its impact on the water-dependent ecosystem. In 1959, a peat bog nature reserve – the Żurawiniec Nature Reserve – was established in the north of Poznań, covering an area of ca. 1.5 ha. During many years the area was losing its original character, which resulted in desiccation and complete deterioration of peatland plants. The analysis of water budget reduction was done through the integration of a spatially distributed water balance model and a numerical hydrogeological model. The simulations were based on data collected for the years 1952, 2001 and 2014. The results of simulations emphasize the significant human impact on groundwater budget leading to a continuous groundwater level dropdown, resulting in over 2 m lower groundwater level in year 2001 in relation to year 1952. The main reason for negative repercussion was a constant decrease of groundwater recharge due to urbanization.
NON-STATIONARY MODEL OF NITRATE TRANSPORT IN AN EXEMPLARY CATCHMENT IN THE MGWB NO. 326 NORTH OF CZĘSTOCHOWA
Authors: MICHALCZYK Tomasz , BAR-MICHALCZYK Dominika , KANIA Jarosław , ŻUREK Anna
Published: September 2018

The paper presents basic assumptions and results of a non-stationary MODFLOW model of nitrate transport in the Kocinka catchment. A method of reconstructing temporally and spatially variable input function of pollution for two main contamination spots: agriculture and urbanized areas, is presented. The NLES4 software was used to assess loads of nitrogen leaching from agricultural areas. Presented are also: representation of denitrification process in the model, the results of its calibration and the modelled nitrate breakthrough curves.
MODELLING THE POTENTIAL GEOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF THE TECHNOLOGY HORIZONTAL SILICATE BARRIERS APPLICATION
Authors: LABUS Krzysztof , CICHA-SZOT Renata , FALKOWICZ Sławomir , MADETKO Norbert
Published: September 2018

The Technology of Horizontal Silicate Barriers (THSB) can be considered as a way of protecting groundwater against the inflow of pollutants. To identify potential geochemical effects of THSB technology in sandy aquifers, geochemical modelling (equilibrium, reaction path and reactive transport) was used. The paper discusses the simulation of the migration of working fluid injected into a sandy layer with the assumed thickness of 0.5 m. The simulation does not take into account the fluid impact on the deeper zones of the aquifer.
COMPARISON OF LOCAL AND REGIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELING APPROACHES OF THE MULTILAYER GROUNDWATER SYSTEM IN THE VICINITY OF THE LIS GROUNDWATER INTAKE
Authors: MATUSIAK Magdalena , DĄBROWSKI Stanisław , RYNARZEWSKI Witold
Published: September 2018

We analyzed 27 km2 of the Prosna valley aquifer near Kalisz. The region was previously a subject of four model-based studies of local and regional range. Furthermore, additional modelling researches were conducted that aimed at evaluation of Upper Jurassic aquifer exploitation, which seems to be a separate groundwater circulation system. The models used in the analyses differed in terms of grid size (100, 125, 250 and 500 m), groundwater circulation scheme (two-, three- or seven-layered), and the software used (Hydrylib or Modflow). The results of groundwater steady-state flow indicate the essential influence of the groundwater circulation scheme and the mesh size on groundwater flow balance. It also emphasizes the importance of deep aquifers in the detailed model-based study in the case of groundwater intakes located within the river valleys of regional drainage range.
A FLOW AND TRANSPORT MODEL AS A TOOL FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF GROUNDWATER POLLUTION IN THE VICINITY OF CELSA HUTA OSTROWIEC
Authors: SINICYN Grzegorz , GRODZKA-ŁUKASZEWSKA Maria
Published: September 2018

The article presents the environmental problem that occurred in the vicinity of Celsa Huta Ostrowiec, where concentrations of trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene in wells were detected. The three-dimensional numerical groundwater flow and transport models were calibrated against trichloroethene measurements. Model studies were carried out for different scenarios taking into account the type of pollution source (point and spatial distributed) and the nature of the source itself (incidental and continuous in time). The modelling results made it possible to indicate the most likely place and time of contaminant release into the soil and water environment.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF DISCREPANCY OF THE LOCATION OF GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATERSHEDS ON THE QUANTITY OF CALCULATED RENEWABLE RESOURCES, EXEMPLIFIED BY THE P-IX BALANCE REGION IN THE WARTA WATER REGION
Authors: WIETESKA Zbigniew , DOBKOWSKA Anna
Published: September 2018

The article presents the results of research on the renewal of a hydrogeological system that is characterized by a significant discrepancy of the location of groundwater and surface watersheds. The area of the hydrological and hydrogeological studies is part of the P-IX balance region (Warta River from the Prosna to the Mosiński Canal) located south of the Warta River. The evaluation of groundwater renewability has been made using a hydrological method and mathematical modelling. When using the hydrological method, which is a commonly used control method for water balance calculations, it is assumed that the surface and groundwater watersheds are identical. Comparison of the results of water balance calculations obtained with both methods required the assessment of the compatibility of the groundwater catchment and morphological boundaries. This was done by calculating the difference between the quantities of renewable resources determined by two variants of the hydrological method. In the first (standard) variant, renewable resources were determined based on data from water-gauge and hydrometric profiles closing the catchments of the Warta tributaries draining the analyzed water-management regions. In the second (extended) method, they were determined based on data from water gauges controlling the Warta sub-basin. Enlargement of the balanced unit as far as the boundaries of the Warta basin was consistent with the principle that the reliability of calculations of groundwater resources increases proportionally to the analyzed catchment area and the significance of its drainage zone in the regional groundwater circulation (Toth, 1963). The quantity of renewable resources determined by the standard and extended variants of the hydrological method amounted to 107,100 m3/day and 184,000 m3/day, respectively. The difference is 72% of the value determined using the standard method. The article also provides an analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of the nature of the hydraulic relationship between surface water and groundwater, and the influence of this variability on the reliability of water balance calculations, based on stationary observations of surface water flow.
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELlING USING the FINITE DIFFERENCES METHOD AND the FINITE ELEMENTS METHOD – COMPARATIVE MODEL STUDIES
Authors: ZDECHLIK Robert , PARTYKA Małgorzata
Published: September 2018

The filtration of groundwater is a complicated process, which is determined by natural environmental factors (hydrogeological conditions) and anthropogenic impacts. Reliable predictions of the impact of the established extortions on the groundwater environment require the use of an appropriate research method that will allow for a precise representation of groundwater circulation. Such methods include numerical modelling of filtration processes, using a mathematical description of groundwater flow, based on assumed parameters and boundary conditions. For groundwater flow modelling, software based on the finite differences method FDM, using Modflow simulators, is most commonly used. Due to the numerous advantages, mainly in terms of greater precision in the representation of the complex geometry of the aquifers and objects affecting the water circulation, the alternative FEM finite elements method is becoming increasingly important. The article presents characteristic features of modelling using both methods. Based on the established imaginary research site, representing typical valley hydrogeological conditions, the paper presents the methodology of model implementation and numerical calculations of water flow using FDM and FEM methods, each in two variants of grid density. Obtained results are presented, with an attempt to compare the advantages and disadvantages of both methods.
ASPECTOS DO MANEJO REPRODUTIVO DE SUÍNOS
Authors: Fabino Neto Ronaildo , Paulo Belém de Sousa João , Fernandes Xavier Costa Letícia , Pereira Marques Danyane , Lorrainy da Silva Oliveira Ingrid , Cristina Alves Silva Isadora , Marcondes de Godoy Marcelo , Oliveira Abrão Pessoa Flávia
Published: September 2018

This review was carried out with the purpose of describing the main reproductive management
used in the rearing of pigs. Currently, swine breeding in Brazil has average production parameters
of 9.5 piglets / calving with 1.9 calving / year, with a genetic potential to reach 13 piglets / calving
with 2.6 calving / year. To obtain these zootechnical indexes in pig production, it is necessary to
invest in reproductive technologies such as artificial insemination, adequate facilities and frequent
training of the workforce. In this sense, to be successful in reproduction, it becomes necessary to
know the anatomy and physiology of the male and female reproductive system. The good
reproductive performance of the animals also depends on the criterion of selection of the boar
and the matrices applied in the breeding. It is fundamental to know the estrous cycle, as well as,
the behavior of the nut in estrus to obtain success in artificial insemination or natural mating. The
gestation period, as well as childbirth, are critical breeding phases and should be well conducted
with the aim of avoiding or reducing piglet mortality. Therefore, the reproductive stages of pigs
should be well conducted with special attention to food and sanitary management. The
knowledge of the reproductive management by the producer and / or technician responsible for
the farm is of fundamental importance to achieve good productive indexes
AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL REPRODUTIVO DE TOUROS DA RAÇA BLONEL
Authors: Paula Balduíno Rabelo Ana , Gonçalves Damacena Eduarda , Lemes da Silva Vitor , Barbacena Rosa dos Santos Wallacy , Santos Cezário Andreia , Corrêa Ribeiro Jefferson , Maria Bianchini Oliveira Eliandra , Souza Camargos Aline
Published: September 2018

The search for beef cattle ideal for tropical countries, such as Brazil, raised the Blonel breed (5/8
Blonde and 3/8 Nellore). This is the newest breed of cattle registered by the Ministry of
Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA). The objective of this study was to evaluate the
reproductive performance of bulls of the Blonel evaluating the immediate and immediate analysis
of ejaculate parameters. Specifically, evaluate the immediate and mediate analysis of ejaculate
parameters. The collection of reproductive data was made in the year 2012, in the herd of
Fazenda Três Furnas in Buriti Alegre - GO. We studied 14 animals submitted to andrological
examination between 24 and 63 months of age. The andrological exam was performed by the
same veterinarian, during the months of August and September. Immediately after collection,
immediate semen analyzes were performed: motility, vigor and sperm concentration. The data of
the reports were collected, typed in spreadsheet, subject to analysis and average calculation. For
statistical analysis, the results were submitted to ANOVA at 5% of the level of significance. The
68
Colloquium Agrariae, vol. 13, n. Especial 2, Jan–Jun, 2017, p. 67-71. ISSN: 1809-8215. DOI: 10.5747/ca.2017.v13.nesp2.000210
results (mean ± standard deviation) were: 30.14 ± 1.34 and 28.93 ± 1.69 cm for scrotal
circumference, 5.5 ± 0.0 and 4.64 ± 0.8 ml for volume of 2.71 ± 0.49 and 2.57 ± 0.53% for swirling,
54.28 ± 6.07 and 67.86 ± 9.51% for motility, 3.57 ± 0.79 and 3 , 28 ± 0.75% for vigor, 657.14 ±
97.59 and 678.57 ± 138.01% for concentration, 7.57 ± 1.27 and 5.71 ± 2.43% for total major
defects, 5.43 ± 2.76 and 2.29 ± 1.60% for total lower defects for young and adult bulls,
respectively. The results observed in this study are within acceptable parameters for bovines of
these age groups.
BIOTECNOLOGIA DE CÉLULAS TRONCO MESENQUIMAIS: PRINCIPAIS APLICAÇÕES
EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA E PERSPECTIVAS GERAIS
Authors: Cristina Galhardo Elaine , Dantas Ariane , Sousa Camargos Aline , da Cruz Landim Fernanda
Published: September 2018

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are isolated from adult tissues and presents ability to originate
identical cells or differentiate into specific tissue cells. Studies about in vitro culture and in vivo
application of MSCs have pointed the potential to be explored in regenerative treatments and
modulation of inflammatory processes, as well as the improvement of tissue engineering
techniques and the development of biomaterials. Veterinary Medicine has presented, in several
species, satisfactory results coming from the regenerative potential and paracrine activity
characteristic of the MSCs. This review aimed, briefly showing promising results of the
experimental MSCs application in Veterinary Medicine, its current biotechnological overview and
general prospects.
OS IMPACTOS DA GLOBALIZAÇÃO NA PRESERVAÇÃO DOS PATRIMÔNIOS CULTURAIS: A FESTA DO DIVINO DE MOGI DAS CRUZES - SP
Authors: Valim Marcia Das Dores Cunha Alves , Franco Francisco Carlos , Prados Rosália Maria Netto , Bonini Luci Mendes de Melo
Published: September 2018

Estuda-se a influência do isolamento geográfico, econômico e cultural na manutenção e na permanência das tradições populares e religiosas e se isso influencia ou influenciou na criação de políticas de salvaguarda e preservação de patrimônios culturais que possam conter os efeitos deletérios do nivelamento cultural no cenário da globalização. Para esta reflexão, utilizou-se um estudo de caso da Festa do Divino Espírito Santo de Mogi das Cruzes e as políticas municipais de preservação do patrimônio histórico local. Entendeu-se que o ser humano tem duas dimensões: a dimensão religiosa que vive em dois planos: sua existência mesma e a esperança da vida transcendental e, neste caso, o tempo sagrado é circular e o ser humano não religioso, que dessacralizou o mundo, relativizando-o cujo tempo é linear. É na visão do tempo cósmico, repetível indefinidamente que o ser humano religioso conseguiu manter as tradições vivas, despertando um olhar mais acurado dos promotores de políticas culturais e de turismo que pudessem, mesmo com interesses capitalistas, buscar conservar, preservar e salvaguardar essas tradições.
A tradição da segunda ordem como fonte identitária da Ciência da Religião – reflexões epistemológicas e concretizações
Authors: Usarski Frank
Published: September 2018

Preocupado com a falta de conhecimento sobre as especificidades e o perfil meta-teórico da Ciência da Religião por parte de um número considerável de acadêmicos brasileiros que atuam nesta área, o presente texto apresenta os elementos epistemológicos e metodológicos constitutivos para esta disciplina autônoma. Em prol da identificação de princípios identitários da Ciência da Religião, o artigo chama atenção para aspectos intelectuais e estruturais fundamentais para qualquer empreendimento científico. Em seguida será retomado o conceito da “tradição da segunda ordem” que, por sua vez, instiga um lançamento sistemático de fundamentos da Ciência da Religião consensuais desde a fase formativa da disciplina.
PROBLEMAS METODOLÓGICOS EM CIÊNCIAS DA RELIGIÃO: UMA ESTRANHA FAMILIARIDADE
Authors: Souza Mailson Fernandes Cabral de
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a constituição e circulação de sentidos dos discursos que versam sobre a metodologia das Ciências da Religião no Brasil. Para isso, foram selecionados para compor o corpus dois artigos que discutem a questão metodológica da área. O marco teórico-analítico da pesquisa foi o da Análise de Discurso de linha francesa, a partir de sua interface com a história das ciências. Os principais conceitos utilizados foram os de formação discursiva, interdiscurso, pré-construído e discurso transverso. Como resultado, pudemos observar como os textos analisados silenciam os discursos que constituíram a história da área no país. Em razão disso, defendemos que o entendimento das condições de produção das Ciências da Religião no contexto brasileiro é necessário para compreender e melhor situar os impasses epistemológicos que lhes são pertinentes.
Truth and Suffering in the Quaker Archives
Authors: Palmieri Brooke Sylvia
Published: September 2018

Using the records and publications of the Quakers, this chapter considers the religious and political context behind the creation of the Quaker archive and the relationship between scribal material and print culture in making meaning. The story of Mary Fisher’s (c.1623–1698) trip to Constantinople to convert the Sultan of the Ottoman Turks provides a valuable case study in how a letter became an archival document before circulating widely in print. Initially a product of the zealous, evangelical epistolary culture that characterised Quaker writings of the 1650s, it was transferred into the public archive created during the extreme persecution of the 1660s to situate the Quakers within a longer history of suffering. Later it was used to advance the political argument for toleration by offering an instance of Muslim hospitality in counterbalance to Christian cruelty. The chapter highlights how changing historical contexts transform the nature of the truth of archives.
Introduction
Authors: Das Santanu , McLoughlin Kate
Published: September 2018

This volume explores how literature, culture and the First World War coalesce in a putative modernity. The first part, ‘Unfathomable’, contains essays which focus on the incommunicable and immeasurable nature of the war which is symptomatic of a post-Enlightenment phase of modernity. The essays in Part 2, ‘Scoping the war’, discuss the ways in which writers and film-makers dealt with different kinds of intensity produced by the war; the last ponders the political consequences of maximal experience. In Part 3, ‘Cosmopolitan sympathies’, the essays uncover hidden histories of the war, tracing international connections across genres and media.
Encountering War, Encountering Others: Enid Bagnold and Mary Borden
Authors: Buck Claire
Published: September 2018

This essay examines the literary and cultural trope of the colonial encounter as it appears in the work of First World War women writers. It focuses on British modernist Enid Bagnold and American modernist Mary Borden, comparing their representation of women war workers’ encounters with soldiers and labourers from the colonial world. The essay argues that Bagnold’s memoir Diary Without Dates (1918) and her novel The Happy Foreigner (1920) with Borden’s poem ‘The Hill’ are quite unusual for the visibility they give such encounters. Rather than reveal moments of identification and empathy across marginalized categories of gendered and racial otherness, these encounters import strangeness, discomfort and alterity into the texts. The essay concludes that Bagnold and Borden put at the centre of the First World War literary canon the uneven experiences of modernity that characterized the war’s displacements and disruptions.
The Mob and the Mass: Demonstrations, Parades and Riots
Authors: Millington Chris
Published: September 2018

This chapter investigates the practice of demonstrating. Political groups frequently called their members and sympathisers into the street. On the right, ordered marches and parades on days of patriotic significance were intended to demonstrate the discipline and order of nationalists. On the left, demonstrations took place on workers’ holidays such as 1 May; they were used to evidence the solidarity of the French proletariat with their internationalist brothers. Both right and left used such mass gatherings as shows of symbolic and numerical strength, to impress onlookers and intimidate rivals. The authorities had a raft of laws at their disposal to control mass action and limit the potential for confrontation between rival groups. However, it was impossible to predict confrontation and clashes were frequent.
Brutes and Bludgeoners: The Police
Authors: Millington Chris
Published: September 2018

This chapter analyses the behaviour of the police during violent confrontations. The democratic Third Republic strove to control the behaviour of the forces of order, hoping to inculcate a respect for citizens’ democratic rights in the policeman. However, in the heat of the moment, officers frequently lashed out at political activists and innocent bystanders. They thus earned a deserved reputation for gratuitous brutality. As political conflict worsened during the 1930s, the Mobile Guard riot police were increasingly called to maintain law and order, sometimes with fatal consequences. While the authorities deplored such killings they nevertheless recognised that lethal force was sometimes necessary to defend the regime.
Fighting for the Factory Floor
Authors: Millington Chris
Published: September 2018

This chapter scrutinises violence between workers during strikes. Confrontations occurred not only at the factory gates, as strikers attempted to obstruct workers, but also in the streets that led to the workplace. Political groups often became involved in industrial disputes. Left-wingers sought to extend the strike beyond the workplace through demonstrations, meetings, and marches. Right-wingers sought to ensure the freedom to work, fearful that factory occupations would precede communist revolution. Strikes provided an important opportunity for female political activism. Women strikers stood on picket lines, forcing back strike-breakers and often taking part in punishment attacks of blackleg labour. The factory, mine, and construction yard thus became important sites in the violent political confrontations in interwar France.
Evaluative Conditioning From the Perspective of the Associative-Propositional Evaluation Model
Authors: Gawronski Bertram , Bodenhausen Galen V.
Published: September 2018

Evaluative conditioning (EC) is defined as the change in the evaluation of a conditioned stimulus (CS) due to its pairing with a positive or negative unconditioned stimulus (US). According to the associative-propositional evaluation (APE) model, EC effects can be the result of two functionally distinct learning mechanisms: associative and propositional learning. The current article reviews the core assumptions of the APE model regarding (1) the defining features of associative and propositional learning, (2) the mental representations resulting from the two learning mechanisms, (3) the processes involved in the behavioral expression of these representations, and (4) the automatic versus controlled nature of the processes underlying EC effects. In addition to reviewing the core assumptions of the APE model, the article reviews relevant evidence to illustrate the theory’s main hypotheses, its explanatory and predictive power, as well as empirical challenges for the theory.
A Declarative Memory Model of Evaluative Conditioning
Authors: Gast Anne
Published: September 2018

I propose a Declarative Memory Model (DMM) of evaluative conditioning (EC). EC effects are changes in the valence of a conditioned stimulus (CS) due to previous pairings with a positive or negative unconditioned stimulus (US; e.g., De Houwer, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1138741600006491). According to the DMM, EC effects are found if (1) a memory trace is formed in the learning phase that links the CS to evaluative information from the US, if (2) this trace survives the retention interval, if (3) the trace or part of it is consciously retrieved when the CS is being evaluated, and if (4) the retrieved trace is used in the CS evaluation. For each of these stages, I make separate predictions about EC effects, many of which are based on empirical research on declarative memory. Where available, I report and discuss empirical evidence on EC that speaks to these hypotheses. The available empirical evidence is largely in line with the predictions of the DMM. Several predictions, however, have yet to be tested and some findings are ambiguous. While the DMM specifies conditions under which CS-US pairings should lead to a valence change, it does not deny the possibility that other processes might lead to a change in attitude as well. Advantages of the DMM are its foundation on declarative memory research, its applicability for attitude change effects in general, and its suitability for predictions of EC effects in the real world.
Why Does Co-Occurrence Change Evaluation? Introduction to a Special Issue on Evaluative Conditioning
Authors: Bar-Anan Yoav , Balas Robert
Published: September 2018

None needed
Incorporating a continuous suction system as a preventive measure against fistula-related complications in head and neck reconstructive surgery
Authors: Chang Hsien Pin , Hong Jong Won , Lee Won Jai , Kim Young Seok , Koh Yoon Woo , Kim Se-Heon , Lew Dae Hyun , Roh Tae Suk
Published: September 2018

Background Although previous studies have focused on determining prognostic and causative variables associated with fistula-related complications after head and neck reconstructive surgery, only a few studies have addressed preventive measures. Noting that pooled saliva complicates wound healing and precipitates fistula-related complications, we devised a continuous suction system to remove saliva during early postoperative recovery.

Methods A continuous suction system was implemented in 20 patients after head and neck reconstructive surgery between January 2012 and October 2017. This group was compared to a control group of 16 patients at the same institution. The system was placed orally when the lesion was on the anterior side of the retromolar trigone area, and when glossectomy or resection of the mouth floor was performed. When the orohypopharynx and/or larynx were eradicated, the irrigation system was placed in the pharyngeal area.

Results The mean follow-up period was 9.2±2.4 months. The Hemovac system was applied for an average of 7.5 days. On average, 6.5 days were needed for the net drain output to fall below 10 mL. Complications were analyzed according to their causes and rates. A fistula occurred in two cases in the suction group. Compared to the control group, a significant difference was noted in the surgical site infection rate (P<0.031).

Conclusions Clinical observations showed reduced saliva pooling and a reduction in the infection rate. This resulted in improved wound healing through the application of a continuous suction system.
Breast reconstruction statistics in Korea from the Big Data Hub of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service
Authors: Kim Jae-Won , Lee Jun-Ho , Kim Tae-Gon , Kim Yong-Ha , Chung Kyu Jin
Published: September 2018

Background Previously, surveys have been used to investigate breast reconstruction statistics. Since 2015, breast reconstruction surgery after mastectomy has been covered by the National Health Insurance Service in Korea, and data from breast reconstruction patients are now available from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). We investigated statistics in breast reconstruction in Korea through statistics provided by the HIRA Big Data Hub.

Methods We investigated the number of cases in mastectomy and breast reconstruction methods from April 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016. Data were furnished by the HIRA Big Data Hub and accessed remotely online. Results were tabulated using SAS Enterprise version 6.1.

Results The 31,155 mastectomy cases included 7,088 breast reconstruction cases. Implant-based methods were used in 4,702 cases, and autologous methods in 2,386. The Implant-based reconstructions included 1,896 direct-to-implant and 2,806 tissue-expander (2-stage) breast reconstructions. The 2-stage tissue-expander reconstructions included 1,624 expander insertions (first stage) and 1,182 expander-to-permanent-implant exchanges (second stage). Of the autologous breast reconstructions, 705 involved latissimus dorsi muscle flaps, 498 involved pedicled transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flaps, and 1,183 involved free-tissue transfer TRAM flaps, including deep inferior epigastric perforator free-tissue transfer flaps. There were 1,707 nipple-areolar complex reconstructions, including 1,565 nipple reconstructions and 142 areola reconstructions. The 1-year mean number of breast reconstructions was 4,050.

Conclusions This was the first attempt to evaluate the total number of breast reconstruction procedures using accurate, comprehensive data, and our findings may prove valuable as a foundation for future statistical studies of breast reconstruction procedures in Korea.