bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ УЧЕТА И АНАЛИЗА ЗАТРАТ НА ОХРАНУ ТРУДА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАЗАХСТАН: ПРОБЛЕМЫ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ И СТРАТЕГИИ УЛУЧШЕНИЯ
Authors: Курманов А.М. , Сарыбаева И.Е. , Омаркожаева А.Н. , Бекмагамбетов А.Б.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблемы и перспективы совершенствования системы социальных гарантий для работников, занятых на вредных и опасных производствах в Республике Казахстан. На основе анализа текущего законодательства и практики предоставления компенсаций выявлены существенные недостатки, связанные с отсутствием единого подхода к аттестации рабочих мест и недостаточной объективностью оценки условий труда. Особое внимание уделяется необходимости разработки унифицированных стандартов и критериев оценки, усилению контроля за проведением аттестации, а также внедрению дифференцированного подхода к предоставлению социальных гарантий. В статье предложены рекомендации по совершенствованию системы, которые включают разработку новых законодательных актов, повышение квалификации специалистов по охране труда и создание механизмов обратной связи для работников. Эти меры направлены на обеспечение более справедливых и равных условий труда, что в конечном итоге способствует улучшению производственной среды и снижению уровня профессиональных заболеваний.
РАЗРАБОТКА И ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ СУБЛИМАЦИОННОЙ СУШКИ КОБЫЛЬЕГО МОЛОКА: АНАЛИЗ СОСТАВА, МЕТОДОВ И ВЫХОДОВ ПРОДУКЦИИ
Authors: Рахматуллина А.Б. , Диханбаева Ф.Т. , Тлевлесова Д.А. , Изтилеуов М.К. , Калемшарив Б.К.
Published: October 2024

В статье представлено исследование по разработке и оптимизации технологии производства сухих молочных продуктов из кобыльего молока с использованием метода сублимационной сушки. Основной целью исследования являлось определение оптимальных условий сублимационной сушки для максимального сохранения питательных и биологически активных компонентов молока. В ходе экспериментов был проведен детальный анализ физико-химических свойств кобыльего молока, включая содержание белка, жира, лактозы и минеральных солей. Исследовались различные температурные режимы сублимационной сушки, чтобы определить их влияние на выход и качество сухого молока.
Результаты показали, что оптимальная температура сушки составляет около 35°C, при которой достигается максимальный выход сухого молока с минимальными потерями питательных веществ. Выход сухого молока составил 67.14 грамм на 600 грамм жидкого молока. Полученные данные были сопоставлены с существующими литературными данными, что подтвердило эффективность выбранного метода.
В статье также обсуждаются технологические параметры сублимационной сушки и их влияние на качество конечного продукта. На основе полученных результатов разработаны рекомендации по оптимизации процесса сушки кобыльего молока. Дальнейшие исследования будут направлены на улучшение технологических процессов и увеличение выхода готовой продукции.
The Influence of Work Environment, Management Support, Organizational Culture, and Employee Engagement on Employee Performance Through Employee Satisfaction
Authors: Nur Azizah Maulia Farah , Otok Bambang Widjanarko
Published: October 2024

In an era of globalization, companies must optimize their resources to meet customer needs. To improve the quality of human resources, companies must focus on areas such as the work environment, management support, organizational culture, employee engagement, and employee satisfaction. The study aims to identify the employee's performance in relation to its association with the variable studied and analyze it based on the supporting component. Data collection occurs through surveys and questionnaires, while analysis methods include Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that a significant relationship between employee performance and employee characteristics on the work environment variable of 0.473 and employer engagement of 0.440 has been demonstrated. Employees who work in a positive and supportive work environment and feel engaged in their work tend to be more committed, more productive and qualified, more satisfied and motivated, and have a positive work culture. These aspects have the ability to increase employee satisfaction and employee performance, which in turn contribute to the overall success of the company.
The Integrative Paradigm of Sufi Psychology
Authors: Aji Putra Latuconsina Raja Bunga Sam , Ghozali Ghozali , Freyani Hawadi Lydia
Published: October 2024

The ontology and epistemology of Sufism are key elements in Islamic studies. Sufi psychology, as part of Sufism, essentially falls within the framework of Islamic psychology. This research aims to explore Sufi psychology and explore how these concepts can be integrated into modern psychological approaches. This research uses a qualitative method, with data collection through a literature study. The collected data were then analyzed through three stages: reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results show that in logic, this relationship is known as the correlation between particularity and universality (al-Umum wa al-Khusus Mutlaqan). However, in its development, Sufi Psychology focuses more on esoteric aspects, perennialism, and inclusivism. Unlike Islamic psychology in general, Sufi Psychology has been developed by scholars outside the Islamic tradition, such as figures in transpersonal psychology, including Robert Frager (Chairman of the Institute of Transpersonal Psychology), Lynn Wilcox, James Fadiman, and Arthur Deikman. They develop the concept of tasawwuf by integrating Sufi knowledge with empirical contributions from modern psychology, resulting in a holistic approach to psychology, both in terms of ontology, axiology, epistemology, and methodology.
Antenatally diagnosed congenital chloride diarrhea with a de novo mutation: The first reported case from Azerbaijan
Authors: Elbayiyev Sarkhan , Janbakhishov Turab , Rustamqizi Narmin , Mukhtarova Sevinj
Published: October 2024

A case study reveals a prenatal diagnosis of congenital chloride diarrhea (CCD) in a consanguineous couple’s fetus. Despite successful amnioreduction, persistent polyhydramnios led to genetic testing. A multidisciplinary approach involved obstetricians, geneticists, and neonatologists. Whole-exon sequencing identified a homozygous de novo SLC26A3 gene mutation. Treatment included oral electrolyte supplementation and lansoprazole, resulting in improvement. The case underscores the importance of early detection and intervention in managing CCD.
Healthcare providers should consider early prenatal screening, including advanced genetic testing such as whole-exon sequencing, for couples with consanguineous relationships due to the association of congenital chloride diarrhea with such unions. A multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians, geneticists, and neonatologists is crucial for comprehensive management, emphasizing the need for close collaboration among healthcare professionals.
Pulmonary function is reduced in children with recurrent wheezing irrespective of Asthma Predictive Index results
Authors: Ozkan Saruhan , Gulec Koksal Zeynep , Uysal Pinar , Çelik Elif , Omurlu Imran Kurt , Erge Duygu
Published: October 2024

Objective: It is important to determine the risk factors for the development of asthma in patients with recurrent wheezing (RW). This study was intended to compare the lung functions of children with RW with and without Asthma Predictive Index (API) positivity.
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 40 children with RW aged between 3 months and 3 years and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Lung functions were measured using tidal breath analysis during the wheezing attack in the RW group. Peak tidal expiratory flow time (TPTEF), ratio of peak tidal expiratory flow time to expiratory time (TPTEF/TE), volume required for PTEF (VPTEF), ratio of volume required for PTEF to expiratory volume (VPTEF/VE), tidal volume/kg (VT/kg), inspiratory to expiratory ratio (TI/TE), inspiratory time (TI), and expiratory time (TE) represented the main tidal breath analysis parameters. API positivity was also calculated in the RW group.
Results: TPTEF, VPTEF, TPTEF/TE, VPEF/VE, TI, and TI/TE were all lower in the RW group than in the HC group (p<0.05). However, there was no difference in TPTEF/TE between the RW patients with positive and negative API. TPTEF and TE parameters were higher in the RW group with positive API (p=0.026 and p=0.043, respectively).
Conclusion: Greater bronchial obstruction was observed in the RW group compared to the HC group. No difference in bronchial obstruction was detected between the RW group with positive API and the negative API group. API positivity during wheezing attacks did not emerge as an important parameter in terms of decreased lung functions in this study.
Pediatric Behçet’s disease
Authors: Kaya Akca Ümmüşen , Bilginer Yelda
Published: October 2024

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a vasculitis that affects vessels of any size. It is more frequent along the ancient Silk Road, extending from the Far East to the Mediterranean basin. Its etiopathogenesis is complex, and both the innate and adaptive immune systems play a role in recurrent hyperinflammation. The significant association between human leukocyte antigen B-51 and BD indicated a strong genetic background in pathogenesis. Although mucocutaneous involvement is the most common finding, it may present with a broad spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms involving the ocular, vascular, musculoskeletal, neurologic, and gastrointestinal systems. Pediatric cases may present with an incomplete clinical picture of the BD, making diagnosis difficult for the physicians. Several classification criteria have been published so far. In 2015, a classification criteria set for pediatric BD (PEDBD) was established for the first time.
The treatment strategies vary depending on the severity and type of organ involvement. The treatment should be arranged with a multidisciplinary approach according to the organs involved. Also, the possibility of developing morbidity and mortality requires early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and close follow-up. In this review, we aimed to discuss the etiopathogenesis, clinical findings, diagnostic criteria, and treatment approach of pediatric BD based on current data.
The one-electron carbon-carbon bond: Hexafluoroethane and ethane radical cations.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: October 2024

In the previous post, I looked[cite]10.59350/xp5a3-zsa24[/cite] at the recently reported[cite]10.1021/ja02261a002[/cite] hexa-arylethane containing a carbon-carbon one-electron bond, its structure having been determined by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The measured C-C bond length was ~2.9aÅ and my conclusion was that the C…C region represented more of a weak “interaction” than of a bond as such. How about a much simpler system,
Analysis of opportunities for increasing the efficiency of water billing without increasing costs
Authors: Đorđević Milan
Published: October 2024

The efficiency of water bill collection is crucial for the success of the water supply business. This paper aims to explore strategies for enhancing water bill collection effectiveness. It is based on practical experiences from over 30 water supply systems, multiyear data analysis, and results concerning water billing efficiency, including the monitoring of consumption record quality.
Possibilities of application of nature-based solutions for urban drainage in Serbia
Authors: Đukić Aleksandar , Lekić Branislava , Babić Branislav , Govedarica Ognjen , Rajaković-Ognjanović Vladana
Published: October 2024

The paper presents challenges that urban drainage has to solve under altering hydrological regime due to urbanization. The need for reducing the negative impacts of urbanization on the quantity and quality of urban runoff is emphasized. Innovative methods of urban drainage have been presented, together with general recommendations for their application. The requirements from the proposal of the new EU Directive on urban wastewater related to the integrated management of urban wastewater, including rainwater, are presented in more detail.
Application of retention basins to reduce the impact of climate change on existing stormwater drainage systems
Authors: Taseski Goce , Krstovski Nikola
Published: October 2024

We are increasingly witnessing the occurrence of short-term and intense rainfall, which manifests in the flooding of urban areas, causing significant financial damage, and in certain cases it can cause loss of human lives. Therefore, it is becoming more evident that we must immediately confront the challenges of climate change, which primarily require the application of engineering knowledge to reduce their impact, especially in terms of accepting and safely draining stormwater. The aim of this paper is to analyze the application of retenti on basins to reduce peak stormwater runoff by using hydraulic modeling of the existing stormwater drainage system. Specifically, retention basins are becoming increasingly necessary in modern urban planning, where they serve as reservoirs for floodwaters from areas that gravitate towards urban centers.
Hydrothermal carbonization of Johnson grass into carbonaceus material with a high affinity for lead removal
Authors: Simić Marija , Petrović Jelena , Maksimović Zoran , Ercegović Marija , Koprivica Marija , Dimitrijević Jelena , Milojkov Dušan
Published: October 2024

The hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process is effective in enhancing the adsorption capacity of plant residues. In this study, Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense) was subjected to the HTC process at 220°C, transforming it into a carbonaceous material with excellent adsorption properties for removing lead from wastewater. Carbonization reduces the ash and volatile content in obtained hydrochar due to biomass degradation. Experimental data was analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. The results showed that the Langmuir isotherm model best describes the adsorption process, with a maximum capacity of 28.40 mg/g. This indicates that HTC-treated Johnson grass could be a highly effective adsorbent for treating wastewater.
Discharge measurements in Belgrade sewer systems: Forensic hydraulics
Authors: Ivetić Damjan , Prodanović Dušan , Stanić Miloš , Babić Branislav , Ljubičić Robert
Published: October 2024

The load increase on the existing municipal infrastructure, leading to the system operation outside the design criteria, is a side-effect of the intense development and over urbanization of the city of Belgrade. Sewer and urban drainage systems are experiencing this situation. To allow for the adequate evaluation of the existing systems' capacity, identification of the bottlenecks and definition of the appropriate steps for the system development and improvements, detailed and complex analysis is needed. System operation monitoring, as well as the design, calibration and application of the suitable hydraulic models, are deemed as mandatory parts of the analysis. In this paper, several aspects of the study, currently being carried out for Belgrade Waterworks and Sewerage, which covers the municipality of New Belgrade. Focus is placed on the input data collection, hydraulic model development and examples of good practice in design of the measurement places.
FLOWER PHENOLOGY AND FLORAL MORPHOLOGY OF BAUHINIA ACUMINATA L. GROWING AT GORAKHPUR DISTRICT OF EASTERN UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: Dushyant Kumar Singh  , Parikshit Kumar Singh  , Rajesh Kumar Pandey
Published: October 2024

The current study focuses on the flowering phenology and floral morphology of Bauhinia acuminata, a member of the Fabaceae family that grows in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. In Hindi, it's called Safed Kachnar, and it's also known as Cow's Paw or White Orchid Tree. It is grown as a medicinal and ornament plant throughout the tropical and subtropical climates. The leaves are alternating and 2-4 cm long, with butterfly-shaped leaves as a frequent feature. Flowering peaks in February to April and mid-August to September, with troughs in mid-October to November and December, as well as May to June. The flowering open between 9 and 10 a.m. Flowers are bisexual, complete, aromatic, and spectacular, with a diameter of 6-10 cm and a pedicle of 8-12 cm. Five free petals make up the corolla, which is 4-6 cm long. 3-4 cm long pubescent spathaceous calyx The stamens are ten, the pistil is one and about 4-5 cm long, the stigma is peltate and bilobed, the style is hollow or solid, and the ovary is stipitate. The goal of this study was to offer vital information on flower phenology and morphology of B. acuminata.
Analysis of diarrheal diseases in humans caused by Salmonella in Bulgaria
Authors: Pavlova Maria , Stoyanova Rositsa
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The incidence of salmonellosis among people in Bulgaria in recent years has remained relatively high, despite the annual fluctuations. With this work, we aim to clarify the dynamics in the spread of human infections for 2017 -2023 in Bulgaria. Materials and Methods. Data from annual analyses of 3208 Salmonella cultures from patients and contacts of the NRL Enteric Infections, Pathogenic Cocci and Diphtheria" and primary microbiological laboratories in the country were used. Also, data on reported cases of salmonellosis from all 28 Regional Health Administrations, data from the National Centre for Public Health and Analysis and the end annual analyses of communicable diseases in Bulgaria prepared by the Epidemiology Department of the National Centre for Infectious and Parasitic.
Results and Discussion. During the study period, a total of 3208 human salmonellosis cases were laboratory confirmed by bacterial culture isolation, of which 1847 were from patients with enterocolitis syndrome and 1361 from infectious carriers. These cultures represent two species of Salmonella enterica and S. bongori, 4 subtypes- enterica; salame; arizonae and diarizonae and 66 Salmonella serotypes. Salmonella Enteritidis was the leading etiological agent in the patients, with a relative share of 47%, followed by Salmonella Typhimurium- 32.8%, 40.5%- monophasic. The third place is held by Salmonella Infantis - 4,85%. The following serotypes were isolated for the first time in our country: Brazzavile; Larochelle; Ndolo; Kuoka; Jerusalem; Vejle and the unique for the world, new serotype- Salmonella 11: z41: enz15. In carriers, in contrast to patients, other serotypes come to the fore- Muenster; Bazenheid; Dublin, etc. The data obtained from the analysis again confirm that the group most affected by Salmonella infections is the group of infants and young children. Salmonella outbreaks in the country have been decreasing dramatically since 2020, in contrast to sporadic cases. In 2018, an outbreak of a serotype rare in the country- London was recorded. Conclusion. From the above data, it is evident that Salmonella infections continue to be a complex public health problem, making it imperative that in the fight to contain them, their aetiological structure is well understood and monitored dynamically.
Aadhaar and Personal Data: A Survey on Privacy Concerns and Security Awareness
Authors: B Shadaksharappa , JA Smitha , K Karthika , C Vinola , V Yamuna
Published: October 2024

In recent years, Aadhaar has become one of the largest biometric identification systems globally, encompassing over a billion residents of India. While it has facilitated access to various government and private services, concerns about data privacy and security have persisted. This paper provides an overview of the Aadhaar system, explores the associated privacy issues and surveys the level of security awareness among users. Also, it discusses the regulatory framework designed to protect personal data and analyzes whether it is sufficient to mitigate emerging threats. Additionally, it analyzes the mechanisms for data protection, identifies vulnerabilities, explores public sentiment and legal challenges and provides recommendations for enhancing security and safeguarding user privacy.
Sustainable Marketing Strategies: Aligning Brand Values with Consumer Demand for Environmental Responsibility
Authors: Prihatiningrum RR. Yulianti , Supraptiningsih Joelianti Dwi , Lutfi Lutfi , Imron Ali , Fithoni Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Sustainable marketing has become an essential component for businesses aiming to meet growing consumer demand for environmental responsibility. This paper explores how companies can align their brand values with sustainability efforts to foster long-term customer loyalty and market competitiveness. It examines key sustainable marketing strategies, including eco-friendly product design, transparent communication, and corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. The study emphasizes the importance of authenticity, as consumers are increasingly wary of "greenwashing" tactics and seek brands that genuinely prioritize environmental stewardship. Case studies from various industries demonstrate successful integration of sustainability into brand identity, resulting in enhanced brand reputation, consumer trust, and business growth. The findings highlight the need for a comprehensive approach that includes stakeholder engagement, sustainable supply chains, and marketing campaigns that educate consumers on eco-friendly choices. By aligning brand values with consumer expectations for environmental responsibility, companies can create a competitive advantage while contributing to global sustainability efforts.
Social and Emotional Learning: Feedback and Communications Insights from the Field
Authors: Loeb Pam , Tipton Stacia , Wagner Erin
Published: October 2024

Market researchers explore the linguistic landscape of the many terms used to describe non-academic skills, finding some familiarity with “social and emotional learning.”
APPROACHES AND THEORIES TO THE STUDY OF LANGUAGE AND GENDER
Authors: Harutyunyan Kristine , Sargsyan Anna
Published: October 2024

Over the years, many scholars have explored gender-related aspects of linguistic behavior, with a longstanding interest in examining the differences in language usage between men and women within discourse studies. Language is recognized as a key medium through which gender norms and identities are constructed, negotiated, and performed within diverse social contexts. The present article reviews the theoretical background of the basic approaches and theories studying language and gender. To achieve the goal of illustrating different approaches and theories to the study of this phenomenon, the methods of observation and comparative-contrastive analyses are used. In this context, it is essential to have a comprehensive grasp of various aspects to effectively explore gender disparities in communication. This article is an attempt to highlight the significance of understanding gender as a socially constructed phenomenon and explore how language both reflects and shapes individual and group identities.
Talent Cultivation Model of Universities Based on Employment Needs
Authors: XU SHAOZHUANG , CABUAL REYNALDO
Published: October 2024

This study investigated a talent cultivation model tailored to employment needs, analyzing responses from 561 individuals, primarily young adults aged 20-24. It evaluated the model's effectiveness in various components such as training goals, processes, and leadership development, highlighting the need for improvements in lifelong learning and transferable skills. A descriptive correlational design aimed to explain the relationship between two or more variables without making any claims about cause and effect. The majority of respondents were recent graduates, indicating a necessity for targeted talent cultivation efforts to address gender disparities and promote equal opportunities. Challenges identified include adapting to changing skill demands, managing a multigenerational workforce, and integrating technology into talent management. Age and graduation year significantly influenced engagement with talent cultivation efforts, while no consistent correlations were found with other demographics. Recommendations included focusing on lifelong learning, personalized training, continuous program updates, and leveraging technology for talent management enhancement. The study underscored the importance of a multifaceted approach to address talent cultivation challenges, emphasizing continuous skill development and strategic efforts to enhance model effectiveness in promoting comprehensive skill development and leadership capabilities.
KÜLTÜREL MİRASIN KORUNMASINDA KALKINMA AJANSLARI: ORTA KARADENİZ KALKINMA AJANSI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Şimşek Murat
Published: October 2024

Kültür mirası; insanın ve toplumdaki alt kültür ve grupların özellikleri; kimliklerinin bir parçası; geçmişin somut belgeleri, tanık ve kanıtlarıdır. Geçmişin geleceği şekillendirmesini sağlarken, modern ile geleneği bütünleştirmekte; yüzyılların deneyim ve düşüncelerini, yenilikçilikle harmanlayarak sürdürülebilir kalkınmada kritik rol üstlenmekte; toplumların sosyokültürel altyapısının oluşturulması ve geliştirilmesinde önemli bir bileşen ve girdi olarak stratejik önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; kalkınma ajanslarının kültür varlıklarının korunmasına yönelik çalışmaları kapsamında, Orta Karadeniz Kalkınma Ajansının (OKA) bu alandaki politika, uygulama ve faaliyetlerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmada, kültür mirasının korunması, geliştirilmesi ve gelecek kuşaklara hak ettiği kalitede aktarılması çizgisinde korumacılık felsefesi ve kuramları tartışılmış; zengin doğal ve kültürel mirasa sahip TR83 Düzey 2 Bölgesi’nde faaliyet gösteren OKA’nın korumacılık alanındaki faaliyetleri, analitik ölçüm ve değerlendirme teknikleri kullanılarak incelenmiş ve uygulanan projeler farklı yönleriyle ele alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Turizm sektörüne yönelik mali destek programları kapsamında gelecekte teklif çağrısı mekanizmasıyla gerçekleştirilecek korumacılık uygulamalarının başarısını artırmaya yönelik çıkarımlar yapılarak önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Assessing the Effect of Insecurity on Food Production in the Eastern Part of Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria
Authors: Tanko Sa’idu , Sani Farida Nahuche , Abdullahi Maria
Published: October 2024

This study examines the effects of insecurity on food production in the Sokoto East Senatorial Zone, Nigeria using a survey data for a sample of three hundred and fifty-five (355) respondents. In the model the dependent variable is food production while the independent variables are insecurity and other factors such as climate change, access to inputs, and farming techniques. In the estimation, the study used Ordinary Least Square regression and the results show that that insecurity has a significant negative impact on food production in the study area. Additionally, the study finds that other factors, including limited access to inputs, inadequate infrastructure, and unfavorable weather conditions, also contribute to a reduction in food production. These findings emphasize the need for policymakers and stakeholders to address issues of insecurity and other related factors to enhance food production and ensure food security in the Sokoto East Senatorial Zone. Implementing measures to improve security, provide better access to resources, and promote resilient farming practices will be crucial in mitigating the negative impacts on food production.
Effect of Fuel Subsidy Removal on Commodity Prices in Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto State, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammed Samaila Ladan , Hassan Adamu , Marafa Murtala
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of fuel subsidy removal, on commodity prices in Sokoto metropolis using a survey dataset for a sample of 339 respondents. In the model the dependent variable is commodity price while the independents variables are fuel subsidy removal, transportation costs and costs of electricity. In the estimation however, this study applied Ordinary Least Squares regression and the results indicate that fuel subsidy removal has a positive and statistically significant effect on commodity prices. This suggests that as the government has phased out fuel subsidies, the resulting increase in energy and transportation costs has been passed on to consumers through higher prices for a wide range of essential goods. Moreover, the study finds that transportation costs play a significant role in determining commodity prices. This highlights the significant pass-through of higher logistics expenses to consumers, underscoring the need to improve the efficiency and affordability of transportation infrastructure. Additionally, the analysis reveals that electricity costs also have a significant impact on commodity prices. As energy expenses rise, producers and distributors must incorporate these higher costs into the prices they charge. This points to the importance of addressing the drivers of increasing electricity prices, such as power generation, transmission, and distribution costs.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR PARA A SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR
Authors: Ferraz Lima João Pedro , Ryan Rodrigues Bessa  , Pedro Emílio Amador Salomão
Published: October 2024

A agricultura familiar, uma prática com raízes antigas, envolve pequenos produtores rurais que contribuem de maneira significativa para a produção global de alimentos. Esse modelo de agricultura se distingue pelo uso predominante de mão de obra familiar, pequenas propriedades e uma produção diversificada que respeita o meio ambiente. Já a segurança alimentar é um conceito fundamental que envolve garantir acesso contínuo e adequado a alimentos seguros e nutritivos, atendendo às necessidades e preferências alimentares das pessoas para uma vida ativa e saudável. Diante disso, o presente artigo científico tem o objetivo de analisar a importância da agricultura familiar para a segurança alimentar. Para isto, é essencial tecer comentários sobre a agricultura familiar; descrever a segurança alimentar; e elencar pontos que evidenciem a importância da agricultura familiar para a manutenção da segurança alimentar. Essa análise é crucial para pequenos produtores e toda a sociedade, uma vez que a segurança alimentar depende da capacidade de um país em produzir alimentos suficientes e acessíveis. A agricultura familiar, com sua produção diversificada e sustentável, oferece uma solução eficaz para alcançar esse objetivo, especialmente em áreas rurais e em desenvolvimento.
Broad Market Indices of Nepal Stock Exchange: Testing of Efficient Market Hypothesis
Authors:   MBA Graduate, Apex College, Kathmandu, Nepal, Joshi Mahesh
Published: October 2024

The objectives of the study was to examine whether the broad market indices of NEPSE is weak-form efficient empirically and to investigate whether there are any anomalies or inefficiencies in the market that can be exploited for profit. The study aims to determine the relationship between NEPSE indices. By collecting historical data and analyzing correlations, the research seeks to assess the degree of market efficiency in the NEPSE, examining if prices fully reflect available information and exhibit random walk behavior. The findings will contribute to understanding the NEPSE's market efficiency and provide insights into the applicability of the EMH in the context of Nepal's stock market. The study found that the EMH is not fully supported in the Nepal Stock Exchange, as evidenced by the rejection of the null hypothesis for the banking sub-index and the hotels and tourism index. The critical t-values were used to determine the significance of the results, with lower t-values indicating greater evidence against the null hypothesis. The results suggest that past observations of the NEPSE indices can be used to predict future values with some accuracy, indicating a violation of the weak form of the EMH. This research delves into the efficiency of the Nepalese stock market, which remains relatively underexplored in academic literature compared to more prominent global exchanges. Keywords: Nepal Stock Exchange, efficient market hypothesis, broad market indices, market efficiency, random walk hypothesis
China’s Development Journey: A Long-Trodden Path to Overcome the Great Divergence
Authors:   School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London, Bhandari Dadhiram
Published: October 2024

China's largely sustained impressive economic resurgence of almost half a century has captivated the world; yet its journey to prosperity was marred by a prolonged divergence from Western Europe, known as the Great Divergence. This article analyzes the intricacies of this historical phenomenon, tracing the divergent paths of China and Western Europe from a shared starting point around the mid-eighteenth century. Drawing on a multidisciplinary approach, including historical analysis and economic theory, the paper tracks the underlying factors that propelled Western Europe ahead while China languished behind. It explores the role of environment, technology, and institutions in shaping the divergent trajectories of these economies. Additionally, this paper examines the enigma of China's sustained economic growth amidst limited democratization, challenging conventional wisdom about the prerequisites of democracy for development. Through a cursory review of China's modern development path, this paper sheds light on the intricate interplay of historical, institutional, and economic forces that have shaped China's journey from early modern ear divergence to modern day resurgence. Keywords: great divergence, great convergence, development miracle, Chinese resurgence
Fractura del Cuello de Astrágalo Hawking Tipo III. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Luzuriaga Jaramillo Diomedes Fernando , Toala Mosquera Leonardo Javier , Sares Barzola Manuel Alberto , Parrales Cobos Carlos Eulogio
Published: October 2024

El astrágalo es el segundo hueso más grande del tarso es una estructura compleja anatómica interviniendo en una articulación de carga muy importante que es el tobillo a su vez el astrágalo  tiene aproximadamente un 65% de superficie condral que se articular con otras estructuras óseas de aquí su relevancia, aunque es una fractura infrecuente ya que representa un 0.4% total de entre todos los tipos de las fracturas, es una lesión muy importante debido a su complejidad en su diagnósticos, tratamiento y complicaciones agudas y tardías que se pueden presentar en este tipo de lesiones. Suelen ser secundarios a traumatismo severos de muy alta energía, accidentes de tránsito y caídas desde una altura considerable. Las fracturas del cuello del astrágalo desplazadas son afectaciones severas y complejas que precisan una reducción y osteosíntesis lo más anatómica posible para obtener un resultado optimo. Se presenta un caso de una fractura de astrágalo Hawking tipo III que fue tratada con reducción abierta y osteosíntesis con clavos ACCUTEK obteniéndose una reducción y osteosíntesis satisfactoria.
Escorço histórico do crime de homicídio no direito penal brasileiro
Authors: Ayoub Omar Ali
Published: October 2024

Este artigo científico tem por objetivo analisar o escorço histórico do crime de homicídio no âmbito do direito penal brasileiro. Para tanto, invocou-se, de forma minuciosa, os principais diplomas legais referentes ao crime de homicídio, desde o direito penal indígena até o Código Criminal da República de 1890.
Australia's rock art heritage: Past knowledge for a richer future
Authors:   Griffith University, Taçon Paul S.C.
Published: October 2024

What is Australian rock art, why is it important and what is the problem? Australia has one of the most outstanding and diverse rock art records in the world. Rock art consists of paintings, drawings stencils, engravings (petroglyphs), bas-relief and figures made with the wax of native bees. It is found in caves and rock shelters, on rock platforms and boulders. These are special, often spectacular places that reflect ancient experience, identity, history, spirituality and relationships to land. From inner Sydney in New South Wales to the Pilbara of Western Australia, from Tasmania to the Top End of the Northern Territory, from near Brisbane to Cape York in Queensland as many as 100,000 individual rock art sites are thought to still exist, with exciting new discoveries made each year. But because Australia has never had a national data base or a coordinated approach to rock art documentation, conservation and management the extent of Australian rock art is still unknown.
Rock art in Thailand: A legacy
Authors:   Ministry of Culture, Thailand, Srisuchat Amara
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses some significant points on rock art of the prehistoric period in Thailand beginning with how local folk tales influence local people’s perception of rock art which differs from that proposed by scholars, followed by archaeological visits to rock art sites, artworks on the rock walls of the prehistoric artists, the past information from rock art and the present condition of rock art sites and the challenges of preservation. Though non-scientific learning of local people on rock art prior to academic inventory rock art sites of archaeologists, the results of the archaeological research brought a new perspective to the local people and have made them aware of their value and stimulating them into protecting sites in their community.
Chapter Four: Studying Urban Poverty
Authors:   Department of Statictics, Ko Tee Hock Joseph
Published: October 2024

This relatively longer chapter identifies and reviews the seven aspects of poverty, its socioeconomic objectives, and methods and problems of quantifying the poverty concept. Included also in this chapter is a more focused analysis on urban poverty in Sarawak to meet both income and welfare objectives of helping the targeted population, especially the squatters’ settlements.
Chapter Six: Employment and Unemployment of Females
Authors:   Department of Statistics, Ko Tee Hock Joseph
Published: October 2024

The decline in the female labour force participation rate (LFPR) between 1970 and 1980 was notable in the under 20 and 40-45 age groups, especially in rural, agricultural and related occupations, for Bidayuh and Other Indigenous ethnic groups.The decline was in part due to improved data collection, definition of LFPR, and increased retention in the expanding school system. Related to labour force participation are the unemployed, both active and inactive. This chapter showed that compared with males, female unemployment rates were higher in both urban and rural areas in the 10 and over, 10 to 14 and 65 and over age groups.
ANALISIS PENANGANAN KELUHAN PELANGGAN DI PERUSAHAAN DAERAH AIR MINUM (PDAM) TIRTA HIDAYAH KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Qomariah Nurul Qori Irma , Adriadi Rekho
Published: October 2024

Responsiveness is one of the dimensions of service quality that is important for assessing the extent to which service providers can respond to customer requests and complaints quickly and appropriately. This research aims to determine the responsiveness of public services in handling customer complaints at PDAM Tirta Hidayah, Bengkulu City. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The theory used in this research is the Responsiveness theory from Zeithml, using 4 theoretical indicators, namely, ability to respond to society, speed of service, accuracy of service, and timeliness of service. The results of the research show that PDAM Tirta Hidayah, Bnegkulu City has attempted to increase responsiveness in handling customer complaints, but based on findings in the field, PDAM Tirta Hidayah still lacks response in terms of timeliness in making service improvements to customers. These findings are expected to provide input for PDAM Tirta Hidayah in improving service quality and customer satisfaction.
Keywords: Responsiveness, Public Service, Customer Complaints
Impacto de los Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje: Análisis de Revisión Documental
Authors: Santana Castro Evelin Katherine , Morales Vásquez Evelin Estefanía , González Candy De Jesús , Zambrano Rugel Martha Helen , Pérez Rodríguez Yomaira Valentina , Mendoza Vega Aracely Jacqueline
Published: October 2024

El impacto de los Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (EVA) en la educación contemporánea representa un desafío creciente para la sociedad. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar dicho impacto a través de una revisión documental. La metodología utilizada se basa en un estudio de caso cualitativo descriptivo, que examina la perspectiva de diversos autores en revistas científicas del ámbito educativo sobre la implementación de entornos digitales en sus instituciones. El estudio cualitativo de revisión documental en 18 artículos científicos sobre los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje (EVA) y su impacto en la educación selecciona fuentes publicadas entre 2009 y 2024, para examinar los EVA, el aprendizaje, la flexibilidad en la enseñanza y la infraestructura tecnológica en contextos educativos. Los resultados destacan que los EVA facilitan la personalización del aprendizaje, fomentan la colaboración y brindan flexibilidad, aunque también revelan desafíos en cuanto a la infraestructura tecnológica y la formación docente. Este trabajo subraya la importancia de una implementación estructurada y adaptativa de los EVA para maximizar sus beneficios, contribuyendo así a una educación más inclusiva y eficaz en la era digital.
Between Influences and Opportunities: The IDB Financing in Colombia During Times of Crisis
Authors: Hidalgo-Romero Pablo , Coral-Guerrero Carmen
Published: October 2024

Colombia has followed a process where security linked to its armed conflict, strategic cooperation with the United States, and financing from the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) have been closely connected. Countercyclical financing, especially during crises, is essential for vulnerable economies to face these challenges. This research examines how the collaboration between Colombia and the United States, along with the latter's influence on the IDB, has facilitated Colombia's access to countercyclical financing in key crises such as the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 crisis. An eclectic approach is adopted, integrating concepts of securitization and neoliberal development framed within the Global Political Economy (GPE) discipline. This qualitative research employs process tracing as the primary method, complemented by document analysis and semi-structured surveys with key actors. The results show that sustained cooperation between Colombia and the United States, alongside the latter's influence on multilateral institutions, has been a key factor in facilitating Colombia's access to rapid financing. This access has been reinforced by the implementation of a neoliberal model in Colombia, which has enabled the country to address economic crises more effectively.
DESIGN OF MINIATURE VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM FOR ELECTRONICS COOLING
Authors: Koul Parankush , Bhat Pritam , Mishra Aniket , Malhotra Chirag , Baskar Dhanraj Basavaraj
Published: October 2024

There is an increase in power consumption and thermal dissipation as the number of transistors in a semiconductor device increase. As chip power increases, existing passive heat dissipation methods become outmoded, necessitating the use of novel active cooling approaches. So, the removal of heat radiated from computer chips has become a critical difficulty in the design of portable and other space-limited electronic devices. The cooling capacity of widely used passive cooling methods (heat sink, heat pipe, and vapour chamber) is limited. Therefore, new active cooling methods are needed. Among numerous novel active chilling techniques, the Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR) system is the foremost technology. With the development of micro technologies, the refrigeration systems can be miniaturized and integrated to yield compactness, lightness, high performance and cost-effectiveness. This report presents a design and model development of miniature VCR system for electronic cooling. The miniaturized VCR system model was developed using CATIA V5 software. The model included a reciprocating compressor, condenser, capillary tube, accumulator, cold plate, and a hot plate (heat sink). The model of the small VCR system was simulated using DWSIM software. The dimensions and the cooling capacity of the miniaturized VCR system were found as 625´240´475 mm3 and 1kW respectively. The VCR system showed coefficient of the performance (COP) as 2.2, the mass flow rate of refrigerant R134a as 0.007 kg/s, cold plate temperature (inlet temperature of the evaporator) as -26.25°C and adiabatic efficiency of the compressor (AEC) equal to 75.09%. The calculated values of all the parameters were comparable to the simulated values. The present design of VCR is as ideal miniature cooling system is considered as cost effective and for its ability to transport heat away from its source.
Results of growing nelma (Stenodus nelma Pallas, 1773) in recirculation aquaculture systems
Authors:   Institute of Fisheries of the NAAS, Kyiv, Kucheruk A. , Buzevych I. ,   Institute of Fisheries of the NAAS, Kyiv, Mruk A. ,   Institute of Fisheries of the NAAS, Kyiv, Vovk N. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: October 2024

Purpose. To determine the productive and biological parameters of nelma grown in a recirculation aquaculture system (RAS) as part of the development of a high-intensity technology for growing valuable cold-water objects of aquaculture in RAS with minimized effect of climatic conditions. Methodology. The study was conducted in 2021-2023 in the RAS of the fish farm STOV “Eastern Ukrainian Center for Breeding Valuable Fish Species “MZHA” (Kharkiv region, Ukraine). The material for the study were: age-0+, age-1, age-1+ and age-2+ nelma. Feeding of nelma was carried out with the starter feed of the Inicio 917 formula and the production Efiko Alfa 790, of the European manufacturer “BioMar”, according to the feeding tables, in accordance with the physiological characteristics of each age group. Feeding was carried out using automatic feeders. Findings. Growing of age-1+ nelma was carried out at a stocking density of 150 ind./m3 and water circulation in a recirculation aquaculture system of 230 L/min, the water volume in the system was 60 m3, the daily water exchange rate was 10%. According to the obtained result, fairly high average growth rates of fish were recorded. At the end of the growing period, age-1+ fish reached an average weight of 271.6±30.1 g (Cv=33.2%, fluctuations within 110-408 g) with an average body length of 33.3±0.9 cm (Cv=8.9%, fluctuations in the range of 28.0-38.2 cm), which averaged 39 kg/m3. The survival rate of age-1+ nelma in all fish tanks was more than 90%. The average value of Fulton’s condition factor was at the level of 0.7±0.02 (Cv=12.4%), which is typical for this fish species. On the 1st June 2023, age-2+ nelma grown in the recirculation aquaculture system (RAS) was characterized by following parameters: average weight was 602.8±52 (Cv=26.9%, range of 480-715 g), average body length of 42,3cm, (Cv= 8.9%, range of 33-46.4cm), respectively, the body length to height index was 5.7, Fulton’s condition factor was 0.8. On the 15th October 2023, age-2+ nelma grown in a RAS reached an average body weight of 992.6 g (Cv=16.0%, range of 456-1230 g) and an average body length of 44.5 cm, (Cv=7 .9%, range of 38-50cm), the average condition factor was 1.1, (Cv = 11%, range of 0.9-1.3), which indicated a high growth rate during the last 4 months Originality. A comprehensive analysis of productive and biological parameters of growing nelma in the RAS allowed obtaining original data on the growth dynamics of its different age groups were obtained. Practical Value. A technology of growing nelma in the conditions of RAS adapted to the modern state of industrial aquaculture has been developed. Keywords: age-0+ fish, age-1 fish, age-1+ fish, age-2+ fish, nelma, length and weight, cultivation.