bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Left hemispheric deficit in the sustained neuromagnetic response to periodic click trains in children with ASD.
Authors: Stroganova Tatiana A , Komarov Kirill S , Sysoeva Olga V , Goiaeva Dzerasa E , Obukhova Tatiana S , Ovsiannikova Tatiana M , Prokofiev Andrey O , Orekhova Elena V
Published: November 2020

Background: Deficits in perception and production of vocal pitch are often observed in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the neural basis of these abnormalities is unknown. In magnetoencephalogram (MEG), spectrally complex periodic sounds trigger two continuous neural responses – the auditory steady state response (ASSR) and the sustained field (SF). It has been shown that the SF in neurotypical individuals is associated with low-level analysis of pitch in the ‘pitch processing center’ of the Heschl’s gyrus. Therefore, this auditory response may reflect vocal pitch processing abnormalities in ASD. The SF, however, has never been studied in people with this disorder. Methods: We used MEG and individual brain models to investigate the ASSR and SF evoked by monaural 40 Hz click trains in boys with ASD (N=35) and neurotypical (NT) boys (N=35) aged 7-12-years.Results: In agreement with the previous research in adults, the cortical sources of the SF in children were located in the left and right Heschl’s gyri, anterolateral to those of the ASSR. In both groups, the SF and ASSR dominated in the right hemisphere and were higher in the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated ear. The ASSR increased with age in both NT and ASD children and did not differ between the groups. The SF amplitude did not significantly change between the ages of 7 and 12 years. It was moderately attenuated in both hemispheres and was markedly delayed and displaced in the left hemisphere in boys with ASD. The SF delay in participants with ASD was present irrespective of their intelligence level and severity of autism symptoms.Limitations: We did not test the language abilities of our participants. Therefore, the link between SF and processing of vocal pitch in children with ASD remains speculative.Conclusion: Children with ASD demonstrate selective left-hemispheric abnormalities at the level of the core auditory cortex when processing spectrally complex periodic sound. The observed neural deficit may contribute to speech perception difficulties experienced by children with ASD, including their poor perception and production of linguistic prosody.
Broncho-alveolar inflammation in COVID-19 patients: a correlation with clinical outcome
Authors: Pandolfi Laura , Tommaso Fossali , Vanessa Frangipane , Sara Bozzini , Monica Morosini , Maura D’Amato , Sara Lettieri , Mario Urtis , Alessandro Di Toro , Laura Saracino , Elena Percivalle , Stefano Tomaselli , Lorenzo Cavagna , Emanuela Cova , Francesco Mojoli , Paola Bergomi , Davide Ottolina , Daniele Lilleri , Guido Corsico Angelo , Eloisa Arbustini , Riccardo Colombo , Federica Meloni
Published: November 2020

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly reached pandemic proportions. Given that the main target of SARS-CoV-2 are lungs leading to severe pneumonia with hyperactivation of the inflammatory cascade, we conducted a prospective study to assess alveolar inflammatory status in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.Methods: Diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed in 33 adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection by real-time PCR on nasopharyngeal swab admitted to the Intensive care unit (ICU) (n=28) and to the Intermediate Medicine Ward (IMW) (n=5). We analyze the differential cell count, ultrastructure of cells and Interleukin(IL)6, 8 and 10 levels.Results: ICU patients showed a marked increase in neutrophils (1.24 x 105 ml-1 , 0.85-2.07), lower lymphocyte (0.97 x 105 ml-1, 0.024-0.34) and macrophages fractions (0.43 x 105 ml-1, 0.34-1.62) compared to IMW patients (0.095 x 105 ml-1, 0.05-0.73; 0.47 x 105 ml-1, 0.28-1.01 and 2.14 x 105 ml-1, 1.17-3.01, respectively) (p<0.01). Study of ICU patients BAL by electron transmission microscopy showed viral particles inside mononuclear cells confirmed by immunostaining with anti-viral capsid and spike antibodies. IL6 and IL8 were significantly higher in ICU patients than in IMW (IL6 p<0.01, IL8 p<0.0001), and also in patients who did not survive (IL6 p < 0.05, IL8 p = 0.05 vs. survivors). IL10 did not show a significant variation between groups. Dividing patients by treatment received, lower BAL concentrations of IL6 were found in patients treated with steroids as compared to those treated with tocilizumab (p<0.1) or antivirals (p<0.05).Conclusions: Alveolitis, associated with COVID-19, is mainly sustained by innate effectors which showed features of extensive activation. The burden of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and IL8 in the broncho-alveolar environment is associated with clinical outcome.
Mild traumatic brain injury is associated with effect of inflammation on structural changes of default mode network in those developing chronic pain 
Authors: Niu Xuan , Bai Lijun , Sun Yingxiang , Wang Yuan , Bai Guanghui , Yin Bo , Wang Shan , Gan Shuoqiu , Jia Xiaoyan , Liu Hongjuan
Published: November 2020

Background：Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has a higher prevalence (more than 50%) of developing chronic posttraumatic headache (CPTH) compared with moderate or severe TBI. However, the underlying neural mechanism for CPTH remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the inflammation level and cortical volume changes in patients with acute PTH (APTH) and further examine their potential in identifying patients who finally developed CPTH at follow-up.Methods：77 mTBI patients initially underwent neuropsychological measurements, 9-plex panel of serum cytokines and MRI scans within 7 days post-injury (T-1) and 54(70.1%) of patients completed the same protocol at a 3-month follow-up (T-2). 42 matched healthy controls completed the same protocol at T-1 once. Results：At baseline, mTBI patients with APTH presented significantly increased GM volume mainly in the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex (dPCC), of which the dPCC volume can predict much worse impact of headache on patients’ lives by HIT-6 (β = 0.389, P = 0.007) in acute stage. Serum levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) were also elevated in these patients, and its effect on the impact of headache on quality of life was partially mediated by the dPCC volume (mean [SE] indirect effect, 0.088 [0.0462], 95% CI, 0.01-0.164). Longitudinal analysis showed that the dACC and dPCC volumes as well as CCL2 levels had persistently increased in patients developing CPTH 3 months postinjury. Conclusion：The findings suggested that structural remodelling of DMN brain regions were involved in the progression from acute to chronic PTH following mTBI, which also mediated the effect of inflammation processes on pain modulation.Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov ID: NCT02868684; registered 16 August 2016.
Prevalence and Correlates of Maternal Early Stimulation Behaviors during Pregnancy in Northern Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Mackness Jessica , Gallis John A , Owusu Raymond Kofi , Ali Mohammed , Abubakr-Bibilazu Safiyatu , Adam Haliq , Aborigo Raymond , Awoonor-Williams John Koku , Lillie Margaret , McEwan Elena , Hembling John , Vasudevan Lavanya , Baumgartner Joy Noel
Published: November 2020

Background: Per UNICEF’s Nurturing Care Framework, early childhood development (ECD) begins during pregnancy and many lower-resource settings need data to inform their programs for optimal child development. The maternal-fetal relationship can be partly examined via a series of bonding activities called early stimulation behaviors (ESB). This study describes early stimulation behaviors and the associated correlates among pregnant women in Ghana. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from a cluster-randomized trial in two districts of Northern Ghana. A total of 374 pregnant women were enrolled at baseline and administered a pre-intervention survey. Communication-related early stimulation behaviors was the primary outcome which was evaluated using three maternal-fetal bonding activities; did the woman self-report touching and/or talking, singing, and/or talking about family to her belly. A generalized estimating equation modified Poisson model was used for the bivariate and multivariable analysis.Results: About half of the participants reported performing communication-related ESB during pregnancy frequently or sometimes. Bivariate analysis revealed that negative life experiences including higher rates of emotional, physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) and having moderate to severe depressive symptoms were associated with women performing early stimulation behaviors more often. In the multivariable model, physical intimate partner violence remained significantly associated with early stimulation behaviors. Conclusion: Research on early stimulation behaviors is still in a nascent phase. It is unclear why our results revealed an association between intimate partner violence and early stimulation behaviors; this could reflect a coping mechanism for the expectant mother. Further research is needed to better understand this association and explore potential long-term impacts of early stimulation behaviors during pregnancy on child development.Trial registration: Clinical Trials # NCT03665246, September 11, 2018
Capacity of National Malaria Control Programs to implement vector surveillance: A global analysis
Authors: Russell Tanya L , Farlow Robert , Min Myo , Espino Effie , Mnzava Abraham , Burkot Thomas R.
Published: November 2020

Background: Solving the problem of malaria requires a highly skilled workforce with robust infrastructure, financial backing and sound program management coordinated by a strategic plan. Here the capacity of National Malaria Control Programs (NMCPs) was analysed to identify the strengths and weaknesses underpinning implementation of vector surveillance and control activities by the core elements of program capacity, being strategic frameworks, financing, human resources, logistics and infrastructure, and information systems. Results: Across nearly every country surveyed, the vector surveillance programs were hampered by a lack of capacity and capability. Only 8 % of NMCPs reported having sufficient capacity to implement vector surveillance. In contrast, 57 %, 56 % and 28 % of NMCPs had the capacity to implement long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), indoor residual spraying (IRS) and larval source management (LSM) activities, respectively. Largely underlying this was a lack of up-to-date strategic plans that prioritise vector surveillance and include frameworks for decision making and action. Conclusions: Strategic planning and a lack of well-trained entomologists heavily hamper vector surveillance. Countries on the path to elimination generally had more operational/field staff compared to countries at the stage of control, and also were more likely to have an established system for staff training and capacity building. It is unlikely that controlling countries will make significant progress unless huge investments also go towards increasing the number and capacity of programmatic staff.
Differential mitochondrial proteomic analysis of A549 cells infected with avian influenza virus subtypes H5 and H9
Authors: Yang Yuting , Zhang Yun , Yang Changcheng , Fang Fang , Wang Ying , Chang Haiyan , Chen Ze , Chen Ping
Published: November 2020

Background: Both the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 viruses have been reported to cross species barriers to infect humans. However, H5N1 viruses can cause severe damage and a high mortality rate, but H9N2 viruses can not. Our purpose was to use proteomics technology to study the differential expression of mitochondrial-related proteins caused by H5N1 and H9N2 virus infections.Methods: According to the determined viral infection titer, A549 cells were infected with 1 MOI (multiplicity of infection) virus, and the mitochondria were extracted after 24 hours of incubation. The lysed mitochondrial protein was analyzed by BCA method for protein concentration, SDS-PAGE preliminary analysis, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry. Select different protein spots, perform Western Blot to verify the proteomics results. The identified proteins use GO analysis for subcellular localization, KEGG analysis for functional classification and signal pathways, STRING analysis for functional protein association networks.Results: In the 2-D gel electrophoresis analysis, 227 protein spots were detected in the H5N1-infected group, and 169 protein spots were detected in the H9N2-infected group. After further MS identification and removal of redundancy, 32 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Compared with the H9N2 group, the H5N1-infected group had 16 upregulated mitochondrial proteins and 16 downregulated proteins. The 70 kDa heat shock protein analogs, short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase, malate dehydrogenase, and ATP synthase were verified by Western Blot, and the results were consistent with proteomics. Functional analysis indicated that these differentially expressed proteins were involved mainly in apoptosis, metabolism.Conclusions: Compared with H9N2 group, the differential expression of eight mitochondrial proteins in H5N1 group led to T cell activation, antigen presentation, stress response, ATP synthesis and cell apoptosis reduction, leading to higher pathogenicity of H5N1 than H9N2 virus.
A Retrospective Review of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Functional Outcome and the Incidence of Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tear in Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee
Authors: WU PO-JU , Lin TsungYu , Lu Yung Chang
Published: November 2020

Background:Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK) can lead to severe knee osteoarthritis predominantly localized to the medial compartment. We aimed to determine whether unicompartmental knee arthroplasty was an effective treatment for primary SONK.Methods: We analyzed the functional outcomes in 23 patients with SONK (with a magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]-confirmed diagnosis) who underwent UKA at a single center. The mean follow-up time was 67 months post-UKA.Results: Significant improvements in function were indicated by reduced Oxford Knee and Visual Analogue Scale scores after UKA, and there were no specific complications after the procedures. The incidence of MRI-identified medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) was 69.6% (16/23).Conclusion: Unicompartmental arthroplasty for SONK is less destructive to the native knee structure than total knee arthroplasty, but can achieve comparable prognosis with strict patient selection. While the precise etiology of SONK is unknown, one theory posits that a MMPRT may change the biomechanical circumstances of the knee joint, leading to osteonecrosis. Although not confirmatory, the high prevalence rate suggests that MMPRT may have a key role in the development of SONK. UKA is an effective treatment option for SONK, resulting in significant functional improvement. Long-term (>10 years) outcomes should be investigated.
Comparative metabolites profiling of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua seed during sand storage and germination
Authors: Zhang Wenwu , Tong Jinfeng , Xia Long , Zhu Xiaoyun , Ran Rui , Chang Yan , Zhang Jie , Cai Yongping , Jin Qing
Published: November 2020

Background

The seeds of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua have dormancy phenomenon. Previous studies have shown that sand storage factors effects of the seed dormancy of P. cyrtonema Hua seeds and enhance the seed germination process. Subsequently, metabolic activities and different changes during the sand storage and germination process of P. cyrtonema Hua seed has not been heavily researched.
Results

In this study the changes in the metabolites of P. cyrtonema Hua seeds at different sand storage times and germination stages, we used untargeted metabolomics to determine them. Most of the sugar and glycoside contents in seed coat increased after 30 d on the other hand, in peeled seeds increased at 30 d and decreased at 60 d after sand storage treatment. The content of proline and benzoic acid decreased in the seed coat after sand storage. PCA, OPLS-DA and HCA showed that the contents of most metabolites increased after 7 d and decreased after 14 d of seed germination. The process of 7 d to 14 d was the key stage of seed germination of P. cyrtonema Hua. Differential metabolic pathway analysis showed that seed germination was controlled by multiple metabolic pathways. Metabolic correlation revealed the interdependence between seed germination metabolites and metabolic pathways.
Conclusion

Sand storage can significantly increase the rate of seed germination and play a vital role in seed dormancy of P. cyrtonema Hua. There was inherent differences in metabolites during different storage time and germination stages in P. cyrtonema Hua. Our work provides a first glimpse of the metabolome in seed germination of P. cyrtonema Hua, and provides a valuable informations for revealing the mechanism of breaking seed dormancy.
Selection and Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time Reverse-Transcriptase PCR under Cold Stress in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) during Fruit Development
Authors: Yang Jinkun , Zhang Ying , Lian Yong , Chen Yuhui , Liu Fuzhong
Published: November 2020

Background

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a thermophilic vegetable, and its yield and quality are often affected by cold stress. Therefore, identifying the key genes and mechanisms of cold tolerance has become a significant topic in eggplant. qRT-PCR has been widely used to analyse gene expression patterns, and reliable reference genes are necessary for this technique.
Methods

To select and evaluate suitable reference genes for qRT-PCR, 18 candidate genes selected from transcriptome sequence data were subjected to analysis of their expression stability under natural cold and normal temperature conditions. Four commonly used programs (geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and RefFinder) were used to determine the stabilities of these genes.
Results

The results showed that D5, D4 and D1 were the three most stable reference genes among the 18 genes. Then, D5, D4 and D1 were compared with commonly used reference genes. The results showed that D5 was still the most stable gene, followed by APRT, D4, and Actin was the least stable gene.
Conclusion

D5, APRT and D4 were recommended as a reference gene combination for gene expression normalization under cold stress and at normal temperature during fruit development. Our results provide a molecular foundation for further research on the cold tolerance mechanism of eggplant.
Investigation of mechanical and micro structural properties of ST14 steel sheet joints by friction stir welding process
Authors: Afshari Mahmoud , Foroushani Hossein Norozi , Rad Ehsan Salahshour , Far Iraj Sattari , Alavi Amirhossein
Published: November 2020

High strength and ductility are considered as the superior features of ST14 steel, which have resulted in the extensive usage of this material in the automotive and aerospace industries. Friction stir welding (FSW) is one of the new methods of solid-state welding with preferable mechanical properties for joining steel components.In this study, the mechanical and microstructural properties of 1.5 mm thick ST14 steel sheets in FSW process are investigated. The results revealed the highest tensile strength of 305 MPa for the welded specimen at the rotational speed of 800 rpm and linear speed of 80 mm/min. In addition, higher separation rate of the tungsten carbide particles from the tool as a result of higher heat input to the piece was realized from the metallographic test with the use of sample with rotational speed of 1000 rpm and linear speed of 50 mm/min. Moreover, regarding the results of micro hardness test, an increased hardness to 115H1 HV in the stirred zone (SZ) was acquired in this sample. Furthermore, the presence of the tungsten carbide particles were observed in this area.
Probing the nature of an emergent insulator in ionic gated monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Qin Maosen , Ding Dongdong , Li Siheng , Han Xiangyan , Niu Ruirui , Yin Dali , Qu Zhuangzhuang , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Liao Zhi-Min , Huang Yuan , Shi Junren , Chen Ji , Gan Zizhao , Lu Jianming
Published: November 2020

Electronic correlation in a flat band has been a longstanding interest because of emergent phenomena such as Mott insulator and superconductivity. Besides recent Moiré superlattice, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) may directly, e.g. by forming a charge density wave in 1T-TaS2, reconstruct a narrow band that exhibits a correlated insulator. Here we report an emergent insulator in electron doped monolayer WSe2, a prototypical TMDs with direct bandgaps. By detailed mapping a cascade of phases “band insulator-superconductor-emergent insulator-metal”, we can identify, besides the superconducting dome, a narrow miniband split from the conduction band, half filling of which coincides with the insulating state. The correlation picture is supported by a density wave that possesses an isolated flat band. Finally, through evolutionary changes within the same class of materials, multivalley population is suggested to account for enhanced superconductivity and the insulator. Our finding provides new opportunities to explore correlated physics within traditionally non-correlated materials.
Measuring landscape evolution from inception to senescence
Authors: Patton Nicholas , Shulmeister James , Almond Peter , Ellerton Daniel , Seropian Gilles
Published: November 2020

The concept of the geomorphic cycle is a foundational principle in geology and geomorphology, but the topographic evolution of a single landscape from inception to senescence has not been demonstrated in nature. The Cooloola Sand Mass (CSM) in eastern Australia preserves dune landforms from initial formation to the achievement of maturity (a morphologic steady-state) and its topographic evolution parallels that of physical based models of dry unconsolidated sand. Our field based measurements and forward numerical models demonstrate that this evolution is caused by nonlinear sediment transport governed by hillslope thresholds. Our findings confirm that physical models of landscape evolution are applicable at the landscape scale. We also propose that the distribution of curvature (C) of a landform, and its associated standard deviation (σC) represents a landscape’s potential for change. Once σC is normalised, it can be used to measure and define the evolution of topography and is an essential morphometric tool for understanding landscapes.
Xenon anesthesia during the oral cavity sanitation in child with consequences of perinatal brain damage
Authors: Lazarev V. V. , Haliullin Dinar M. , Gabdrafikov R. R. , Gracheva E. S. , Kuznetsova E. E. , Koshcheev D. V.
Published: November 2020

Halogenated inhalation anesthetics have some adverse effects, including the ability to have a negative effect on the developing brain in children, one of the manifestations of which are cognitive dysfunctions, especially in the younger age group. The article presents a clinical case of xenon in combined inhalation anesthesia in a child with the consequences of perinatal brain damage. During anesthesia, a spontaneous ventilation mode was applied with pressure support ventilation (PSV). There was noted high efficacy and safety xenon anesthesia in a dental treatment, the absence of the effect of anesthesia on cognitive function in a child with a compromised nervous system. It is advisable to further study the use of xenon in the pediatric dentistry anesthesia.
Anaphylactic shock. Clinical guidelines of Russian Association of Allergists and Clinical Immunologists and the All-Russian Public Organization “Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists”
Authors: Ilyina N. I. , Zabolotskikh Igor B. , Astafieva N. G. , Bayalieva A. Zh. , Kulikov A. V. , Latysheva T. V. , Lebedinskii K. M. , Musaeva T. S. , Myasnikova T. N. , Pampura A. N. , Fassakhov R. S. , Khludova L. G. , Shifman E. M.
Published: November 2020

The increase in the frequency and unfavorable outcomes of anaphylactic shock in recent decades determines the need for the development of clear and clear definitions, diagnosis and treatment of both shock and prevention of possible complications associated with it. The article provides options for the course of anaphylactic shock, algorithms for diagnosis and treatment.
The first experience of application of “full outline of unresponsiveness” (FOUR SCALE) in patients with acute cerebral insufficiency. Two-center research “FOUR-Rus”. Two-center trial
Authors: Belkin Andrey A. , Zabolotskikh Igor B. , Bochkarev P. Yu. , Zybin K. D. , Levit A. L.
Published: November 2020

Background. Analysis of distribution of Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) Scale provided by F. M. Wijdicks at the Mayo Clinic in 2005 served as the basis for the initiation of the Federation of anesthesiologists of Russia study “FOUR-Rus” (NCT04018989 ClinicalTrails.gov).
Objectives. To assess reproducibility and consistency when using the Russian-language version of the FOUR scale.
Materials and methods. 260 patients were selected, aged 37 to 90 years with acute head injury, including: I60 — 39 (15 %), I61 — 86 (33 %), I63 — 130 (51 %), I67 — 4 (0,15 %) patients. Center № 1/2 — 159/101 patients. Age — sex composition, level of sedation and pain in the groups did not differ. For examinations in the centers, 2 ICU physicians and 1 neurologist were selected. Reproducibility and interdisciplinary consistency were assessed in pairs with Cronbach’s alpha (α) internal consistency. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics Subscription.
Conclusions. There are no differences in consistency and reproducibility between FOUR and GSC in stroke patients when used by resuscitators and neurologists in non-specialized ICU. The FOUR scale has maximum reproducibility and wider possibilities for assessing the level of consciousness.
Prognostic value of selected hypercoagulability markers in sepsis. A prospective study
Authors: Osovskikh Victor V. , Vasileva M. S. , Bautin A. E. , Kiseleva L. N.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Sepsis is a heterogeneous syndrome caused by an unbalanced host response to an infection, resulting in organ dysfunction. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) varies widely from 30 % to 60 % and depends on different scoring systems. An overt DIC easily identified, while the pre-existing phase of hypercoagulability can’t be detected by screening coagulation tests. Preventive DIC treatment is hardly possible without an early diagnostics.
Objectives. The aim of the study is identifying the hypercoagulabiliy markers in septic patients with hypercoagulability pattern on thromboelastometry (TEM) and matching them to the outcome.
Materiasl and methods. ROTEM screening of septic patients revealed 85 ones with pattern of hypercoagulability. Thrombin generation test with thrombomodulin, screening coagulation tests, anticoagulants levels and selected hypercoagulability markers were performed from frozen plasma samples. According to the outcome patients were divided to survivors and nonsurvivors.
Results. The survivors group included 62 patients and nonsurvivors — 19. Thrombin generation test revealed only 7 cases of hypercoagulability. There was no significant difference in endogenous thrombin potential 20 (10; 25) % vs 14 (10; 31) % and peak thrombin 8 (2,9; 16) % vs 7 (3; 18) % in survivors and nonsurvivors, respectively. Other significant differences between survivors vs nonsurvivors are: protein C 79,5 ± 28 % vs 64,9 ± 25 %, FVIII 226,4 ± 66 % vs 276,6 ± 94 % , von Willebrand factor 269 ± 129 % vs 435 ± 181 %, Аntithrombin 82 (60; 94) % vs 65 (41; 80) %, and D-dimer 2157 (1341; 3964) mcg/l vs 3253 (1911; 6914) mcg/l, respectively.
Conclusion. Septic patients with TEM criteria of hypercoagulability may have unique set of thrombophilia markers. Local screening coagulation tests do not affect the prognosis. Low level of protein C and antithrombin, as well as high FVIII, von Willebrand factor, D-dimer worsen outcome.
Anemias in Oncology: Potential of Maintenance Therapy
Authors: Snegovoi Anton Vladimirovich , Larionova V.B. , Manzyuk L.V. , Kononenko I.B.
Published: November 2020

Development of anemia during chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy of malignancies is a serious adverse event negatively affecting the quality of life and effectiveness of the treatment. In this regard, the leading consensus committees of NCCN, ESMO, ASCO, and RUSSCO have prepared and are regularly updating recommendations for diagnosing and treatment of anemia in cancer patients. The article presents recent data on the pathogenesis and methods of treatment of anemia in cancer patients, including administration of erythropoiesis stimulating agents: recombinant erythropoietins, intravenous iron products, vitamins, and red blood cell transfusions.
COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNDE İLAN EDİLEN SOKAĞA ÇIKMA YASAKLARININ İDARE HUKUKU YÖNÜYLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KASAPOĞLU TURHAN Mine
Published: November 2020

Covid-19, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi olarak ilan edilmiştir. Pandemi olarak nitelendirilen tehlikeli salgın hastalıklar tüm dünyada kamu sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Salgın hastalığın yayılmasının önlenmesi için devlet tarafından alınan tedbirler ise yaşam biçimlerimizi değiştirmektedir. Bu tedbirlerin başında sokağa çıkma yasağı gelmektedir. Covid-19 pandemisinde Türkiye’de sokağa çıkma yasakları ilan edilmiş ve bu yasakların bazıları çok uzun süreli olmuştur. İdari kolluk tedbiri niteliğindeki sokağa çıkma yasağı temel hak ve özgürlükleri de etkilemektedir. Sokağa çıkma yasağı, temel hak ve özgürlüklerin özüne dokunup onları kullanılamaz hale getirmemelidir. Kesistisiz bir yasak yerine sınırları belirlenmiş yasaklar, yasak kapsamındaki kişilerin gündelik temel ihtiyaçlarını görmelerine de olanak sağlar. Bu nedenle, sokağa çıkma yasağının koşullarının, kapsamının ve istisnalarının öngörülebilir olması için mevzuatta gerekli düzenlemelerin yapılması ve bu düzenlemelerin Anayasal sınırlara uygun olması, hukuki güvenlik ve belirlilik ilkeleri açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, sokağa çıkma yasağı kavramı, pandemi sürecinde yasağın kapsamı, hukuki niteliği, pandemi sürecinde yasağın hukuka uygunluğu, temel hak ve özgürlüklere etkisi, yargısal denetimi idare hukuku yönüyle ele alınmaktadır.
The Technology Acceptance Model of Mobile Payment Usage on Generation Z
Authors: Kristina Nerry , Harris Ibnu
Published: November 2020

The research aimed to support Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theories such as Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Security (SECU), Brand Loyalty (BL), Behavioural Intention (BI), and the marketing models, Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM), on the use of mobile payments of the Generation Z. The researchers used the quantitative method. Using a non-probability sampling method with a convenience sampling technique, there were 100 respondents of Generation Z. The data were then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that PEOU has no significant effect on BI. SECU and BL affect BI significantly. Then, BI has a significant impact on EWOM. It means that PEOU is not an important factor for Generation Z to use mobile payment. SECU and BL make the Generation Z continue to use mobile payment without worrying about data privacy issues because BL is embedded in their mind. As a result of BI, Generation Z will do marketing in the form of EWOM to their closest friends or relatives via social media.
Microwave-Assisted Acid Digestion: Evaluation of Reaction Vessel Design and Performance
Authors: Garitta Julia , Fialho Lucimar , de Oliveira Glenda , Maria Roberta , Pirola Camillo , Ferreira Antônio , Nóbrega Joaquim
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, microwave-assisted procedures using closed vessels with thermal, chemical, and mechanical resistance are the state-of-the-art for efficient digestion of samples. Safety issues related to sample reactivity should be considered and analytical throughput is also a critical parameter. The choice of a specific vessel for a target application is not trivial and simple experiments are presented here for rice flour and bovine liver samples to illustrate effects of vessel design on digestion performance. Despite using the same heating program, the residual carbon contents varied from 22 to 67% to bovine liver digests and from 7 to 96% to rice flour digests. Quantitative recoveries were obtained for most analytes. Low recoveries were observed mainly for Ca and Fe. Analytical performance is related to different sizes, shapes and the gradient of temperature for each model of digestion vessel. It was demonstrated that taller vessels improved regeneration of nitric acid.
Rhein Derivatives, A Promising Pivot?
Authors: Pei Rui , Jiang Yueping , Lei Guanghua , Chen Jingjing , Liu Manhua , Liu Shao
Published: November 2020

:

Rhein, an anthraquinone derivative, has been employed widely, especially for the treatment
of intractable diseases like diabetic nephropathy, arthritis, and cancer in a unique action mechanism.
In the last decades, considerable efforts have been made in structural modification of rhein. This paper
reviewed patents on pharmacological activity and therapeutic application of rhein and its derivatives
from 1978 to 2018. Particularly, an analysis of patents was made, with the top 10 most valuable patents
presented, and the interpretation of the legal status of patents was given. Given the properties of
superior pharmacological activity, rich resources, cheap price, low toxicity, and mature extraction
process, it is believed that an in-depth investigation on rhein and its derivatives is worth trying.
The Efficacy of Melanin Precursor QIAPI 1© Against Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD): A Case Report
Authors: Herrera Arturo S. , Beeraka Narasimha M. , Solis Luis Fernando T. , Mikhaleva Liudmila M. , Somasundaram Siva G. , Kirkland Cecil E. , Aliev Gjumrakch
Published: November 2020

Background:

AMD is becoming one of the leading causes of blindness in older adults.
The prevalence rate of the wet form of AMD has been increasing due to the lack of selective
therapeutic modalities. Current therapeutic interventions such as drugs targeting VEGF, and
VEGF receptors, laser coagulants delivered unsuccessful clinical outcomes in AMD patients.
Hence, the cost-effective anti-oxidant therapeutic interventions like molecular hydrogen to protect
retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) by mitigating oxidative stress may deliver effective clinical
outcomes in AMD patients.

Methods:

Female patients with late-stage AMD of age above 70 years were chosen for this case
report. The patients were administered QIAPI1©, a melanin precursor via sublingual route and the
photographs were obtained for left and right eye to depict the efficacy of QIAPI1© against the
wet form of AMD.

Results:

The administration of QIAPI1© extensively mitigated yellow-colored drusen accumulations
in the retina, retinal edema, exudates, and hemorrhages in the right eye, but the effect was
minimal in the case of left eye; the overall drusen accumulation was lesser than the first consultation.

Conclusion:

Current case report has concluded the intrinsic effect of melanin in producing the
molecular hydrogen and chemical energy across the retinal tissues by dissociating water molecules
and dissipating the drusen accumulations, retinal edema, and hemorrhages in AMD patients.
Our preliminary study reported the usage of QIAPI1© as a prospective therapeutic modality
to mitigate the oxidative stress-mediated pathophysiology of the wet form of AMD.
Penerapan permainan puzzle untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membilang
Authors: Nari Nola , Akmay Yulia , Sasmita Dewi
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan membilang pada anak di Taman Kanak-kanak Pembina Utara Payakumbuh yang disebabkan oleh media yang digunakan kurang menarik bagi anak. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membantu anak dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membilang melalui permainan puzzle, karena permainan puzzle adalah permainan yang menarik bagi anak dan dapat melatih kemampuan anak dalam membilang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian pre-eksperimental. Desain penelitian yaitu dengan tipe one group pretest-postest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa TK yang berada di TK Pembina Utara Payakumbuh yang mana sampel penelitian ini adalah kelompok B2 TK Pembina Utara Payakumbuh yang terdiri dari 16 orang anak. Pengambilan sampel yaitu dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu kelompok B2 sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini yang berjumlah 16 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes berupa lembar kemampuan membilang anak, dan pengujian hipotesis dengan uji statistik (uji-t). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan di TK pembina Utara Payakumbuh, secara deskriptif terjadi peningkatan kemampuan membilang setelah menerapkan permainan puzzle, dengan kategori kemampuan sedang (N-gain = 0,59). Selanjutnya secara inferensial di peroleh thitung = 4,03 dan ttabel = 2,95. Dengan demikian thitung> ttabel, berarti terdapat peningkatan kemampuan membilang anak setelah menerapkan permainan puzzle. AbstractThis research is motivated by the low ability to say to children in the North Peyakumbuh Kindergarten, which is caused by the media used less attractive to children. The research aims to help children improve their ability to say through puzzle games, because puzzle games are games that are interesting for children and can train children’s abilities in numeracy. This study uses a quantitative method with a type of pre-experimental research. The research design is by type one group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study were kindergarten students who were in the North Pembakumbuh Kindergarten Kindergarten where the sample of this study was a group of B2 North Kindergarten Payakumbuh consisting of 16 children. The sampling is by using purposive sampling technique, namely group B2 as a sample in this study which amounted to 16 people. The research instrument used was a test in the form of a child ability ability sheet, and hypothesis testing with a statistical test (t-test). Based on the research conducted at the North Kindergarten supervisor of Payakumbuh, descriptively there was an increase in the ability to say after applying puzzle games, with a medium ability category (N-gain = 0.59). Furthermore, inferentially obtained tcount = 4.03 and ttable = 2.95. tcount > ttable, means that there is an increase in the ability to say children after applying a puzzle game.
Persepsi mahasiswa calon guru terhadap penggunaan Phet Colorado untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan representasi visual
Authors: Oktasari Depi , Aulia Dian , Jumadi Jumadi , Ferty Zera Nadiah , Ismet Ismet , Siahaan Sardianto Markos
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui presepsi mahasiswa calon guru fisika terhadap penggunaan PhET Colorado dalam memfasilitasi kemampuan representasi visual mereka dalam pembalajaran fisika. Adapun jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subyek penelitian merupakan mahasiswa magister pendidikan fisika Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta semester pertama tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Hasil penelitian dari 20 responden  menunjukkan bahwa 50% responden sangat tertarik menggunakan  PhET Colorado, dengan persepsi mahasiswa terhadap kemampuan representasi visual menggunakan PhET Colorado sebesar 85%, penggunaan PhET Colorado dianggap siswa mampu memfasilitasi kemampuan representasi visual mereka dalam pembelajaran fisika.  AbstractThe demands of 21st century skills highlighted the importance of cooperation between teachers and students to achieve the expected skill. Pedagogical knowledge of teachers in teaching and technology into things that need to be developed. Pedagogic ability of teachers in the use of technology can be a potential to develop students' abilities argument. This study aims to develop students' ability argumentation through pedagogical knowledge of teachers in using technology. The technology used is the result of the development of student worksheets 3D PageFlipp Impulse and Momentum material. The purpose of this study to look at the ability of students through the application of scientific argumentation (Technological Pedagogic Knowledge) TPK teachers in the classroom. This research is descriptive research. The data collection capability student argumentation performed by administering a written test. The subjects were students of class X at SMAN 1 Yogyakarta Prambanan. Rate scientific argumentation ability of students refers to Toulmin Argumentation Pattern (TAP). The results showed that the complexity of argumentation ability of students still at low level . These results suggest that the ability of the student arguments need to be improved.
Kebijakan sekolah dalam membangun budaya tanggap bencana
Authors: Sholikhah Ebni , Astuti Dwiningrum Siti Irene , Suryo Sumunar Dyah Respati
Published: November 2020

Indonesia adalah negara dengan tingkat kerawanan bencana yang tingi. Di DIY jumlah bencana mengalami kenaikan signifikan dari tahun 2017-2018. Namun demikian, sekolah beberapa sekolah belum mengimplementasikan siaga bencana dan bahkan ada yang tidak memiliki kebijakan sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan sekolah untuk mewujudkan budaya siaga bencana di SMK Muhammadiyan Pakem dan SMAN 1 Pundong. Data dikumpulkan melalui FGD dan dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa SMK Muhammadiyah Pakem adalah Sekolah Siaga Bencana yang memiliki kebijakan lebih komprehensif daripada SMAN 1 Pundong ditinjau dari sosialisasi, simulasi, kerjasama, pengintegrasian kesiapsiagaan bencana dalam program pembelajaran, serta ketersediaan fasilitas siaga bencana. Lancarnya implementasi kebijakan siaga bencana didukung oleh guru yang berberan sebagai leading implementor karena menjadi penggerak kultur siaga bencana. Beberapa kendala juga ditemui dari kedua sekolah seperti siswa yang kurang serius ketika simulasi bencana dan terbatasnya pendanaan untuk menyiapkan fasilitas tahan bencana.AbstractIndonesia is a country with a high level of disaster vulnerability. In DIY the number of disasters has increased significantly from 2017-2018. However, some schools have not implemented disaster preparedness and the others do not have their own policies. This study aims to analyze school policies to create a culture of disaster preparedness at Muhammadiyan Pakem Vocational High School and Pundong 1 High School. Data was collected through FGDs and analyzed using interactive models. The results show that Muhammadiyah Vocational School Pakem is a Disaster Preparedness School that has a more comprehensive policy than SMAN 1 Pundong in terms of socialization, simulation, cooperation, integration of disaster preparedness in learning programs, and the availability of disaster preparedness facilities. The smooth implementation of disaster preparedness policies is supported by teachers who play the role of leading implementors because they are the drivers of disaster preparedness culture. Some obstacles were also encountered from the two schools such as students who were less serious when simulating a disaster and limited funding to prepare disaster-resistant facilities.
Comparison of Endoscopy First and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy First Strategies for Patients With Gallstone Disease and Intermediate Risk of Choledocholithiasis: Protocol for a Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Aleknaite Ausra , Simutis Gintaras , Stanaitis Juozas , Jucaitis Tomas , Drungilas Mantas , Valantinas Jonas , Strupas Kestutis
Published: November 2020

Background

The optimal approach for patients with gallbladder stones and intermediate risk of choledocholithiasis remains undetermined. The use of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for diagnosis should be minimized as it carries considerable risk of postprocedural complications, and nowadays, less invasive and safer techniques are available.

Objective

This study compares the two management strategies of endoscopic ultrasound before laparoscopic cholecystectomy and intraoperative cholangiography for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis and intermediate risk of choledocholithiasis.

Methods

This is a randomized, active-controlled, single-center clinical trial enrolling adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallbladder stones with intermediate risk of choledocholithiasis. The risk of choledocholithiasis is calculated using an original prognostic score (the Vilnius University Hospital Index). This index in a retrospective evaluation showed better prognostic performance than the score proposed by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in 2010. A total of 106 participants will be included and randomized into two groups. Evaluation of bile ducts using endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography on demand will be performed before laparoscopic cholecystectomy for one arm (“endoscopy first”). Intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography on demand will be performed in another arm (“cholecystectomy first”). Postoperative follow-up is 6 months. The primary endpoint is the length of hospital stay. The secondary endpoints are accuracy of the different management strategies, adverse events of the interventions, duct clearance and technical success of the interventions (intraoperative cholangiography, endoscopic ultrasound, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography), and cost of treatment.

Results

The trial protocol was approved by the Vilnius Regional Biomedical Research Ethics Committee in December 2017. Enrollment of patients was started in January 2018. As of June 2020, 66 patients have been enrolled.

Conclusions

This trial is planned to determine the superior strategy for patients with intermediate risk of common bile duct stones and to define a simple and safe algorithm for managing choledocholithiasis.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03658863; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03658863.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/18837