bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sejarah Perkembangan Pendidikan Islam dari Masa ke Masa
Authors: Abhimanyu Adjie Anggito , Aulia Afifah Afra , Ranti Susiana Sofia , Prahesti Widya Ajeng
Published: March 2024

Indonesian Islamic education is dynamic and in line with the educational progress of Islamic communities in other countries. With a history dating back 1400 years, it dates back to the 13th and 17th centuries and was a form of education. Modernization is needed in Indonesian Islamic educational institutions to improve living conditions and address social problems, offering a variety of benefits and capabilities. The aim of this research is to find out and understand the growth and development of Islamic education from pre-Islamic times to the present and to establish the relevance between the past, present and future in Islamic education. The research method uses literature study methods to understand the subject of the development of Islamic education. Data collection method through documents. This study is consistent with data collection using documents. The Ministry of Islamic Education introduces Islamic education, focusing on the development of modern individuals and Islamic knowledge. Despite challenges such as discrimination and religious diversity, the government has implemented policies to improve Islamic education. Islamic education, which is based on hadith and the Koran, has a long history in Indonesia. The Ministry of Religion established religion in 1946, solving problems related to education, and establishing national government. Globalization changes the direction and goals of Islamic education, developing critical thinking skills.
Social Community in Action: How Two Undergraduate Engineering Scholar Programs Facilitated Involvement in Communities of Practice
Authors: Trahan Lisa , Rockwell Dean , Lipomi Darren
Published: March 2024

Background: Social community is a framework for understanding the importance of social interactions within STEM mentoring programs. This study empirically examined the relationships described in the framework to explore how program elements and social support influenced student involvement.
Purpose: Specifically, the study described how two engineering scholar programs that serve underrepresented and underserved students facilitated involvement in communities of practice, a proposed outcome of the social community model.
Design: A survey (n = 256) was conducted with participants in both scholar programs and compared to responses of non-participants to learn whether the scholar programs led to greater involvement in communities of practice. Furthermore, interviews (n = 16) with scholar program participants were conducted to learn more about how they became involved in communities of practice.
Results: We found that program participants were more likely to be involved in the three communities of practice (student diversity organizations, peer leadership roles, and undergraduate research) than demographically similar non-program participants. Furthermore, we found that mentors (peer leaders, program coordinators, and faculty) provided the necessary social support to encourage participants’ involvement. In particular, the essential role of peer leaders initiated community building and inspired subsequent participation in communities of practice.
Conclusions: The social community framework for STEM mentoring programs provides a useful guide for understanding mentoring programs and benefits from examination of case studies to expand discussion of the theory and practices that promote student involvement in communities of practice.
Age and Parental Education, As Well As Family Social Interactions, Have A Relationship With The Emotional Intelligence of Pre-School Children
Authors: Hapsari Pradita Tri , Yuliarto Saptadi , Iffah A Krisjentha
Published: March 2024

During the Covid-19 outbreak, the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection recorded SYMPHONY PPA data of 3,087 cases of child abuse, namely 852 cases of physical violence, 768 psychological cases, and 1,848 sexual cases as of January 1 - June 19 2020. Emotional intelligence should be developed and strengthened since age is closely related to the moral, social, personal, and further development of the child for the better. The research objective was to determine the relationship between age and parental education as well as family social interaction on the emotional intelligence of pre-school children. The study used a cross-sectional analytic observational design and used the Chi-Square method. Total sample 96 parents of students in five Kindergartens (TK) in Tanjungpadan, Belitung in September 2021. The results showed no significant relationship parents' age and emotional intelligence with the acquisition of a p value of 0.204 > 0.05 and the number chi square of 2.673, there is a significant relationship parental education and emotional intelligence with a p value of 0.000 <0.05 with a chi square number of 22.034, and family social interaction on emotional intelligence has a significant relationship p value of 0.000 <0.05 and chi value squares 36,670. There is a relationship age and parental education as well as family social interaction on the emotional intelligence of pre-school children.
Re-Layout Gudang Cat Jadi Menggunakan Metode Slp dan Shared Storage Untuk Meminimalkan Ongkos Material Handling
Authors: Hidayatulloh Riqi , Cahyana Atikha Sidhi
Published: March 2024

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Analysis of Weld Joint Strength on Galvanized Material Using Rb-26 Electrode
Authors: Wasiana M.Rizky Faisal Dermawan , Iswanto Iswanto
Published: March 2024

Practical work is a form of education and vocational implementation that is followed by students so that students can work directly in the business world as well as industry or fabrication. Practical work aims to prepare students to become productive human beings and can immediately work in accordance with their respective fields, students can also feel the atmosphere of production and can help deal with some problems- problems experienced by Engineering professionals inside the factory. Therefore, in welding, knowledge must accompany practice, in more detail it can be said that the design of building construction and machines with welded joints, must also be planned about welding methods. This method of inspection, welding material, and type of weld to be used, based on the function of the building parts or machines designed. Based on the definition of DIN (Deutch Industrie Normen) Galvanized Welded Broken Products is the best way to assemble or connect constructions and products made from iron. This welding method is specifically performed for galvanized materials. The iron welding process requires special preparation and skills. Based on the results of fieldwork practices that have been carried out in CV. Sumber Agung Widodo, The process of making panel tables is carried out into several stages, namely the hollow iron cutting, 45-degree galvanized angle cutting, iron plate cutting, elbow iron cutting, splicing by welding, frame painting, and mounting a series of panels to the finished panel table. The materials used are hollow iron, iron plate, elbow iron, iron paint, wheels. The tools used are ac current welding machines, grinders and elbow rulers. Stage
Analysis of Hydraulic Axle Leak in Toothpaste Mixing Machine at PT. Miswak Utama
Authors: Sahroni Rizki Arif Maulana
Published: March 2024

Field Work Practice is one of the courses contained in the Mechanical Engineering Study Program that learns about how we do work and adapt to the industrial world at this time. Mixer is one of the mixing tools in the emulsion system so that it produces a uniform or homogeneous dispersion. The problem of hydraulic axle leakage of the mixing machine that often occurs and becomes a serious problem that can cause the engine to not operate, which requires maintenance/repair for a long time, There is an oil leak in the hydraulic piston system on the mixing machine which causes the piston to not be able to rise and turn perfectly which causes the tank lid of the mixing machine to not be able to hit the tightness so that it delays the production process. To prevent damage to the mixing machine which directly results in smooth production, maintenance and periodic checks are needed. Because the mixing machine itself plays an important role in the process of making toothpaste, therefore if the mixing machine experiences Damage will cause harm to the company itself

(Keyword : Mixing Enggine, Hidrolist oil,seal)
Cloward Procedure Outcome using Hashmi Cage for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Experience in Pakistan
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Neurospinal & Cancer Care Institute, Karachi, Pakistan., Kalhoro Aurangzeb , Ahmed Kashif ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Neurospinal & Cancer Care Institute, Karachi, Pakistan., Ali Pervaiz ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Neurospinal & Cancer Care Institute, Karachi, Pakistan., Hashim Abdul Sattar M. ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Neurospinal & Cancer Care Institute, Karachi, Pakistan.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Background: We aim to focus on ACDF patients treated with Hashimi cage filled with autologous bone. We will assess the safety of this approach based on the specific surgical level and its outcome. Objective: Study aims to evaluate the results of the Hashmi cage used in the Cloward Procedure while using odom’s based criteria for the outcome. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study researched at the Neuro Spinal Cancer Care Institute in Karachi, time duration from 16 June 2016 to 31 June 2022. The study included patients with a single-level prolapsed intervertebral cervical disc. During the surgery. Bony Fusion was assessed using movement ≤ 1 mm in flexion and extension cervical X-rays, was required. Result: We had 162 patients; among them males were 102 (62.96%) and female patient were 60 (37.03%). The median range for the age was from 23 to 63 years with mean 48 years ± 3.6 age. Clinically the patients presented with radiculopathy, commonly of the C6 level which was patients (63.73%). Odom’s based criteria were used to evaluate the results of the procedure. Among the patients, 92.84% showed excellent outcomes, 4.9% had good results, 1.8% had fair outcomes, and 1.23% had a poor outcome. Conclusion: ACDF with the Hashmi cage and plate application is a highly effective treatment option. This approach not only ensures better removal of the problematic discs but also significantly increases the likelihood of successful fusion and better radiological outcomes.
HAK ASASI MANUSIA DAN TANGGAPAN ISLAM TERHADAPNYA
Authors: Jamal Jamal , Kusuma Amir Reza
Published: March 2024

Hak asasi manusia (HAM) sebagai hak dasar yang dimiliki manusia sejak manusia dilahirkan menjadi suatu jaminan sosial dan politik untuk melindungi harkat martabat individu dari ancaman, serta mencapai kebenaran, kebebasan, keadilan, persamaan dan lain sebagainya. Penjabaran konsep HAM dan kata ‘universal’ pertama kali muncul di Majelis Umum PBB pada Tahun 1948 melalui Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia (DUHAM). Funginya sebagai sebuah standar kebaikan bersama bagi pencapaian semua bangsa dan negara. Dengan demikian deklarasi DUHAM untuk mencapai nilai-nilai moral kemanusiaan dalam menentukan standar baik-buruk kehidupan individu dan masyarakat di setiap negara.
Argumentasi Inkarsunah tentang Otoritas Sunah
Authors: Fata Zahrul , Setiadi Ugi Agus , Nasution Alhafidh
Published: March 2024

Establishing hadith as the second source of law after the Qur'an is a consensus among scholars. However, not everyone has held this view throughout history. One such dissenting opinion is the school of Inkarsunah, which outright rejects the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as an argument. This research aims to dissect the arguments of Inkarsunah in rejecting hadith as a source of Islamic law while addressing the doubts and objections to their arguments. The method employed is descriptive analysis with a literature approach (library research), encompassing the arguments of Inkarsunah and analyzing them through the refutations provided by scholars. The results reveal that there are similarities in the arguments presented by historical and contemporary Inkarsunah. Consequently, what was refuted by al-Shafi‘i and other scholars remains relevant for use in the present time.
Non-Reference Enhanced Low-Light Image Estimation Using Zero-DCE with Filtering Refinement.
Authors: Maloth Vijaya , Jatoth Ravi Kumar
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces Modified Zero-Reference Deep Curve Estimation (Zero-DCE), a novel technique that treats light enhancement as image-specific curve estimation task using a deep curve network. Our network, powered by DCE-Net, trains a light-weight deep network to estimate pixel-wise and higher order curves, facilitating dynamic range adjustment in an images. The design of our curve estimation network prioritizes considerations such as pixel value range, differentiability, and monotonicity. An intriguing aspect of modified Zero-DCE lies in its departure from strict requirements on the reference images. It doesn't rely on unpaired or paired data during training. Instead, it leverages a set of meticulously crafted the non-reference loss functions. These loss functions implicitly evaluate image enhancement quality and guide the network's learning process. Despite its simplicity, our method demonstrates robust generalization across the diverse lighting conditions. To further refine enhanced images generated through this network, a post-processing step involves filtering to eliminate noise that emerges after transforming the low-light images into high-light ones. This noise reduction step significantly enhances images, resulting in remarkable improvements in SSIM (Structural Similarity Index) and PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) metrics when comparing the de-noised enhanced images to their high-light images.
Influential factors and outcome of high-risk keratoplasty in a tertiary referral corneal center – a retrospective study
Authors: Aschauer Julia , Klimek Michal , Donner Ruth , Lammer Jan , Steiner Irene , Schmidinger Gerald
Published: March 2024

Background
Corneal allograft survival is decreased in high-risk (HR) host beds.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcome of HR keratoplasty (KP) in a single-center tertiary referral clinic, and to determine risk factors for graft failure.
Methods
This retrospective study included adult patients referred for HR penetrating KP between 2014 and 2022. High-risk criteria were history of re-KP, significant stromal neovascularization, and inflammation/perforation at time of surgery.
Donor endothelial cell count/age, stromal neovascularization, and perforation/acute inflammation at surgery were independent variables in the logistic regression models for the first year after KP with graft failure as primary endpoint.
Results
Graft survival 1 year after surgery was 56.2% (CI: 45.7, 66.4), 68.3% (CI: 59.3, 76.4), and 70.2% (CI: 56.6, 81.6) after the first, second, and third KP, respectively. Perforation/acute inflammation at surgery was independently associated with graft failure, which occurred in 190 (51%) of 375 KPs (257 patients). The median time (95% CI) from KP until graft failure was 559 (392, 994), 1052 (833, 1375), and 1089 (689, inf) days for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd KP, respectively. The most frequent cause for failure was immune rejection (29%), with a majority (35%) of graft failures remaining undefined.
Conclusions
Acute inflammation/perforation at the time of surgery were the major risk factors for graft failure in HR KP. We confirm reduced survival rates for HR KPs, which highlights the persistent need for further developments in individualized treatments in this patient population.
Mild ovarian stimulation using the aromatase inhibitor letrozole (LTZ) is a good stimulation protocol for to obtain euploid blastocysts for advanced maternal age women.
Authors: NAKAGAWA KOJI , Horikawa Takashi , Shiobara Kesuke , Ishiyama Shunsuke , Kataoka Hisayo , Nakao Katsuki , Ojiro Yuko , Kuoda Keiji , Takamizawa Satoru , Sugiyama Rikikazu , Shiobara Kesuke , Kuoda Keiji
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
Mild ovarian stimulation (MOS) is an effective form of assisted reproductive technology (ART) for advanced maternal age (AMA) women. Taking either clomiphene (CC) or letrozole (LTZ) with MOS reduces the amount of gonadotropin that must be used. It has remained uncertain, however, whether LTZ or CC is more effective in combination with MOS. Therefore, we evaluated the choice of combination either CC or LTZ with MOS and quantified the obtainment of euploid blastocysts for AMA women.
Methods
This retrospective study was conducted between January 2020 and April 2021. In this study, we stimulated 286 women with MOS, 153 of these women used CC (CC group) and 133 were given LTZ (LTZ group). All women took either 100 mg of CC or 5 mg of LTZ daily for 7 days between MC 3 and MC 9, and 225 IU of recombinant-FSH were administered on MC 3, MC 5, MC 7, and MC 9. The euploid rates were compared between these two groups. Among them, the women who were ≥ 40 years old were divided into two groups, CC-O40 group (n = 61) and LTZ-O40 group (n = 54), and the euploid rates were evaluated.
Results:
For AMA women, the blastocyst formation rate in the LTZ-O40 group (58.5%) was significantly higher than that in the CC-O40 group (46.6%, P < 0.05). The euploid rate in the LTZ group was 53.4%, which was significantly higher than that in the CC group (38.0%, P < 0.05). The AMA euploid rate in the LTZ-O40 group was 40.5%, which also was significantly higher than that in the CC-O40 group (16.7%, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
For AMA women, a regimen of LTZ combined with MOS is the most effective ovarian stimulation method for obtaining euploid blastocysts.
Evaluating different methods for kidney recellularization
Authors: Luque-Badillo Ana C. , Monjaras-Avila Cesar U. , Adomat Hans , So Alan , Chavez-Munoz Claudia
Published: March 2024

This study explores a potential solution to the shortage of kidneys for transplantation in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Currently, kidney transplantation is the best option, but there aren't enough organs available. The researchers used tissue engineering to evaluate the possibility for creating kidneys for transplantation. They used pig kidneys, removing cells through a process called decellularization while preserving the organ's microarchitecture. The researchers then perfused pig kidney cells and human red blood cells to the empty kidney structure to recreate it. The methodologies used, showed promising results, suggesting a hopeful method to address the organ shortage. This proof-of-concept lays the foundation for potentially applying this technology to human kidneys, which could significantly improve outcomes for ESRD patients by providing more transplantable organs.
First demonstration of reconfigurable and low-power strong physical unclonable function empowered by FeFET cycle-to-cycle variation
Authors: Li Xueqing , Guo Xinrui , Li Taixin , Müller Franz , Abdulazhanov Sukhrob , Ma Xiaoyang , Zhong Hongtao , Liu Yongpan , Narayanan Vijaykrishnan , Yang Huazhong , Ni Kai , Kämpfe Thomas
Published: March 2024

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are of immense potential in authentication applications for numerous Internet of Things (IoT) devices. For creditable and lightweight PUF applications, high reconfigurability, ultra-low power, and large challenge-response pair (CRP) space are highly desirable. Here we report the first demonstration of ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET)-based strong PUF with high reconfigurability and energy efficiency. Unlike prior works, for the first time, we utilize the FeFET cycle-to-cycle variation all around and the unique charge-domain in-memory computing to empower excellent performances. The proposed 2FeFET-1C PUF cell is fabricated using 28nm HKMG technology for verification. Experimental measurements performed on integrated FeFET arrays reveal excellent uniformity, uniqueness, and repeatability. Remarkably, our PUF achieves near-ideal reconfigurability (HDreconfig, 50.02%) and ultra-low 4.014fJ/bit readout energy, significantly outperforming the state-of-the-art designs. Furthermore, we show that the PUF can operate with high robustness and provide almost unpredictable resilience against machine learning (ML) attacks. These superior performances demonstrate the great promise of the first FeFET-based strong PUF in practical IoT edge-side security solutions.
Carbapenem or colistin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in the intensive care unit: real life data
Authors: Semet Cihan , Efe Kadir , Akalın Halis , İşçimen Remzi , Girgin Nermin Kelebek , Özakın Cüneyt , Kahveci Ferda
Published: March 2024

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKp) infections continue to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality.
In this study, the effect of carbapenem or colistin resistance on mortality in Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia and combined meropenem + colistin administration in CRKp bacteremia was retrospectively evaluated.
A total of 139 adult patients diagnosed with K. pneumoniae bacteremia(73 carbapenem sensitive and 66 carbapenem resistant) were included in the study. The 30-day mortality in entire cohort were 19.4%.
30-day mortality was significantly higher in the carbapenem resistant-colistin sensitive group and in the carbapenem resistant-colistin resistant group compared to the carbapenem susceptible (ESBL positive) group.
Meropenem + colistin combination was administered to 37 (95%) of carbapenem resistant–colistin sensitive (n=39) and 25 (93%) of carbapenem resistant–colistin resistant patients(n=27). Notably, mortality was not significantly affected regardless of whether CRKp was colistin sensitive and whether a high dose and prolonged infusion of meropenem was administered.
Mortality is higher in carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia compared to carbapenem susceptible group. In cases of combined meropenem and colistin administration, high dose and prolonged infusion of meropenem is not superior to standard dose and infusion in both carbapenem resistant–colistin sensitive and carbapenem resistant–colistin resistant K. pneumoniae bacteremia.
Determinants of Healthcare costs in individuals with Down syndrome: A systematic review
Authors: ToloueiRakhshan Shiva , Byford Sarah , RaziMoghadam Mahya , Moradi Fardin , Soltani Shahin
Published: March 2024

Background: Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) are more likely than their non-disabled counterparts to require specialized follow-up and medical services, resulting in high healthcare and other costs for families and health systems. This systematic review intended to examine the costs and the determinants of costs for individuals with DS.
Methods: For this systematic review, we searched Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus from 2000 to 2022 for observational or experimental studies reporting the costs of DS or factors influencing these costs for individuals with DS. Reference lists of identified articles were also searched for additional studies. Non-English language articles, duplicates, abstracts, qualitative research, gray literature, and non-original papers (e.g., letter to the editor, editorial, reviews, etc.), were excluded.
Result: The search identified 625 unique citations, of which 14 matched the inclusion criteria. Half the studies (n=7; 50%) were conducted in the United States. Inpatient services accounted for the largest proportion of total health care costs, according to 58% of included studies. Twenty five percent of studies identified economic losses to the families of individuals with DS as a result of productivity losses (time off work or out of work in order to care for the individual with DS). Health care costs and age correlate positively or negatively among individuals with DS throughout their lifetime.
Moreover, associated morbidities, functional limitations, and a lower socioeconomic status were related to higher costs.
Conclusions: This systematic review identified several characteristics, including age, comorbidities, and lower socioeconomic status, contributing to the greater healthcare cost associated with DS. These results suggest establishing a long-term, all-encompassing policy for medical and social welfare programs in collaboration with stakeholders and monitoring and targeting co-morbidities and support schemes for families most affected by indirect costs/losses could compensate both direct and indirect costs of DS on families and society.
Comparison of Sargassum community succession between artificial and natural reefs in Wakasa Bay, Japan
Authors: Matsui Akira , Kawamura Masakatsu , Nozawa Shigehiro , Takeyama Masatomo , Inoue Naoya
Published: March 2024

The threat of declining seaweed beds has been a concern around the world. Seagrass and seaweed (brown algae) beds are essential habitats supporting fisheries. However, approximately 22% of these habitats have been lost in Japan due to increased coastal landfill sites and ports. This study aims to rehabilitate the depletion of these habitats by constructing an artificial reef in Wakasa Bay, Japan, and monitoring brown algae (Sargassum sp.) succession in 1 year and 3 years after the reef construction. In this study, we set up six sites on the artificial reef as a treatment area and three sites on the natural reef as a control area and then identified the seaweed species composition of the Sargassum community and their coverage on each reef using underwater visual observation by scuba divers. Significant differences between the artificial and natural reefs were identified. The seaweed species composition and coverage of the Sargassum community on the artificial reef differed from those on the natural reef in 3 years after the reef construction. On the artificial reef, the presence of S. horneri decreased and that of S. hemiphyllum/S. patens increased, whereas on the natural reef, S. patens dominated and S. macrocarpum increased. The seaweed species composition and coverage on the artificial reef had not caught up with those on the natural reef. The seaweed on the artificial reef is thus considered to be in the vegetation succession process, which has not yet reached the climax condition, while the natural reef has almost reached the climax phase. The Sargassum community monitoring on the artificial reef appears necessary to be continued in the next few years.
Research on Decontamination, Algae Inhibition, and Pollution Resistance of Emergent Plant System in Eutrophic Water
Authors: Shenglan Ye , Juan Li , Wu Dan , Lu Zhang
Published: March 2024

With the development of cities and economic growth, the eutrophication of urban park landscape water has become a hot topic in environmental governance and research at home and abroad. Through the simulation experiment of water pollution, the effect of plant micro system built by aquatic plant on the ability of algae suppression in eutrophic water was studied. The results show that the micro system formed by different types of water plant can be reduced and stabilized the pH value of the rich and enriched water bodies. The pH of Lythrum salicaria L. group (Q) and Iris tectorum Maxim group (Y) group is the lowest. They are 7.34 and 7.48, which is significantly lower than the plant less group (CK). Different treatments have effectively reduced the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water body. At the end of the experiment, the total nitrogen content of Y dropped from 9.49 to 3.21 mg∙L− 1, and the removal rate reached 66.2%; the total phosphorus removal rate of the water body phosphorus of different types of aquatic plants was 59.1%⁓81.3%, which was significantly higher than that of CK. Among them, the total phosphorus removal rate of Y treatment is the best, and it is significantly different from the CK. At the end of the experiment, chl a content in group Y was the lowest which was 6.6 mg∙L− 1. It decreased by 37.1% and 54.1% compared to the initial value and CK, respectively. It showed significant differences compared to other treatments (P < 0.05). At the same time, the content of proline and malondialdehyde in plants of Y, Q, and Nelumbo SP. group(H) significantly increased in eutrophic water, with group Y plants showing the highest increase, with increases of 28.6% and 39.8%, respectively. Different micro-systems formed by different water plants can improve water quality conditions and inhibit the reproduction of algae in the water. Among them, the effect of planting Iris tectorum Maxim group is the best.
Mechanical Behavior and Waterproof Performance of Longitudinal Section of Tunnel Segment Joint Gasket
Authors: Zhang Qian , Xie Li , Zhao Zhirong , Zhao WeiGang , Ma Yan , Shi Longhe , Zhang Zihang
Published: March 2024

In the construction stage, due to construction errors and longitudinal differential settlement during tunnel operation, the amount of dislocation and opening at the segment joint increases, increasing the likelihood of water leakage. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study on the influence of the dislocation and opening amount at the segment joint on the contact stress of the section. Firstly, through theoretical analysis, this paper deduces that the waterproof performance of the gasket depends not only on its own contact area, linear compression stiffness, and Poisson’s ratio but also on the height of the segment joint specimen and the amount of joint opening caused by the sinking offset angle. Then, the effects of different openings and dislocations at the segment joints on the contact stress of the segment gasket section were compared using numerical simulation and model experiments. The results show that the influence of the opening amount on the waterproof performance of the tunnel segment joint’s sealing gasket is greater than that of the dislocation, and the waterproof rate of the joint of the segment sealing gasket section is greater than 40% under the modified condition.
A universal platform of molecular orbital energy level prediction and molecular design for organic materials
Authors: Huang Di , Peng Xinyu , Liang Jiaojiao , Wang Kuo , Zhao Xiaojie , Peng Zhiyan , Li Zhennan , Zeng Jinhui , Lan Zheng , Lei Min
Published: March 2024

The design and optimization of organic materials with the specific functions for organic photovoltaic cells (OPV), organic light-emitting diodes (OLED), and organic photodetectors (OPD) with the customized performance are currently the time-consuming and costly process. Therefore, a molecular orbital energy level prediction platform for organic materials is established by utilizing the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBT) algorithm and Klekota-Roth fingerprint (KRFP) in this study. And the prediction performance of prediction platform for predicting the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of organic materials is characterized, which shows the accuracy is 99.0% and 97.5%, R is 0.88 and 0.93, RMSE is 0.077 and 0.126, MAE is 0.057 and 0.090, and MAPE is 0.01 and 0.025 in the training and test datasets, respectively. More importantly, thirteen key fragments are screened and their impact on HOMO and LUMO in organic materials is analyzed. Apparently, fluoromethane fragments can reduce HOMO and raise LUMO in organic materials, while Cycopropane fragments were observed to elevate HOMO and decrease LUMO. Based on the findings, Y6 molecules is modified to design four new Y6 derivatives, including Y6-DT, Y6-TF, Y6-TDF, and Y6-DFT for adjusting bandgap of organic materials. And the value difference of HOMO or LUMO in the new designed molecules between predicted by the platform and calculated by DFT is only below 5%. It is noteworthy that the platform prediction only costs an average time of 0.1 s. Moreover, this prediction platform also verifies the reported results in OLED and OPD-related literature, showing that the predicted accuracy is higher than 88.1%, the errors are limited to within 11.9%. All of these confirm the establishment of a cost-effective universal platform with high performance for accurately predicting and regulating the energy levels in organic materials.
Human Coronavirus Infection Reorganizes Spatial Genomic Architecture in Permissive
Lung Cells.
Authors: Sanbonmatsu Karissa , Singhal Ankush , Roth Cullen , Micheva-Viteva Sofiya N. , Venu Vrinda , Lappala Anna , Lee Jeannie , Starkenburg Shawn , Steadman Christina
Published: March 2024

Chromatin conformation capture followed by next-generation sequencing in combination with large-scale polymer simulations (4DHiC) produces detailed information on genomic loci interactions, allowing for the interrogation of 3D spatial genomic structures. Here, Hi-C data was acquired from the infection of fetal lung fibroblast (MRC5) cells with α-coronavirus 229E (CoV229E). Experimental Hi-C contact maps were used to determine viral-induced changes in genomic architecture over a 48-hour time period following viral infection, revealing substantial alterations in contacts within chromosomes and in contacts between different chromosomes. To gain further structural insight and quantify the underlying changes, we applied the 4DHiC polymer simulation method to reconstruct the 3D genomic structures and dynamics corresponding to the Hi-C maps. The models successfully reproduced experimental Hi-C data, including the changes in contacts induced by viral infection. Our 3D spatial simulations uncovered widespread chromatin restructuring, including increased chromosome compactness and A-B compartment mixing arising from infection. Our model also suggests increased spatial accessibility to regions containing interferon-stimulated genes upon infection with CoV229E, followed by chromatin restructuring at later time points, potentially inducing the migration of chromatin into more compact regions. This is consistent with previously observed suppression of gene expression. Our spatial genomics study provides a mechanistic structural basis for changes in chromosome architecture induced by coronavirus infection in lung cells.
Dynamic control of 2D non-Hermitian photonic corner states in synthetic dimensions
Authors: Mehrabad Mahmoud Jalali , Zheng Xinyuan , Vannucci Jonathan , Li Kevin , Dutt Avik , Hafezi Mohammad , Mittal Sunil , Waks Edo
Published: March 2024

Non-Hermitian models describe the physics of ubiquitous open systems with gain and loss. One intriguing aspect of non-Hermitian models is their inherent topology that can produce intriguing boundary phenomena like resilient higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) and non-Hermitian skin effects (NHSE). Recently, time-multiplexed lattices in synthetic dimensions have emerged as a versatile platform for the investigation of these effects free of geometric restrictions. Despite holding broad applications, studies of these effects have been limited to static cases so far, and full dynamical control over the non-Hermitian effects has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate the emergence of topological non-Hermitian corner states with remarkable temporal controllability and robustness in a two-dimensional photonic synthetic time lattice. Specifically, we showcase various dynamic control mechanisms for light confinement and flow, including spatial mode tapering, sequential non-Hermiticity on-off switching, dynamical corner state relocation, and light steering. Moreover, we establish the corner state's robustness in the presence of intensity modulation randomness and quantitatively determine its breakdown regime. Our findings extend non-Hermitian and topological photonic effects into higher synthetic dimensions, offering remarkable flexibility and real-time control possibilities. This opens avenues for topological classification, quantum walk simulations of many-body dynamics, and robust Floquet engineering, free from the limitations of physical geometries.
An adjustable acoustic metamaterial cell using a magnetic membrane for tuneable resonance
Authors: Gardiner Alicia , Domingo-Roca Roger , Windmill James , Feeney Andrew
Published: March 2024

One of the most exciting challenges in acoustic metamaterial (AMM) research is to incorporate tuneability, for example where the resonance of the AMM can be actively adjusted, whilst also ensuring ease of manufacture. Many of the challenges in realising physical AMM prototypes, such as ensuring small feature sizes, introducing specific material characteristics, and enabling scale-up fabrication, remain significant barriers in the design of AMMs in general. As such, the dynamic control of device response is an ongoing obstacle in the field of AMMs. One option for practical AMM implementation in the future is to mitigate some of these barriers by enabling adaptable resonant properties to tailor device response. To this end, this research demonstrates the design, fabrication, and characterisation of an adjustable magnetic AMM cell using stereolithography with a bespoke superparamagnetic resin. To underpin the experimental approach, a mathematical model able to predict the behaviour of the adjustable AMM is developed and implemented, for which the mechanical properties of the AMM membrane were experimentally measured and used to define the model. This research demonstrates a 3D-printable magnetic AMM cell able to perform sub-100 Hz acoustic resonant tuning. The developed superparamagnetic formulation recorded a magnetisation of saturation of 2.4 emu/g, coercivity of 5 mT, and a Young’s modulus of 17.89 MPa. The device is thus ultra-subwavelength (λ/77.5) and displays magnetically-actuated resonant tuneability from 88.73 Hz – 86.63 Hz with a consistent 12 dB increase in resonance.
Event-Based Surveillance Reporting by Village Health Teams, Kabarole District, Uganda, July 2022 ̶ March 2023: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zavuga Robert , Migisha Richard , Kabami Zainah , Kawungezi Peter Chris , Agaba Brian , Zalwango Marie Gorreti , Wanyana Mercy Wendy , King Patrick , Kiggundu Thomas , Ninsiima Mackline , Kizito Saudah Namubiru , Simbwa Brenda Nakafeero , Akunzirwe Rebecca , Zalwango Jane Frances , Naiga Helen Nelly , Kisakye Anita , Kadobera Daniel , Kwesiga Benon , Bulage Lilian , Kayiwa Joshua , Makumbi Issa , Ario Alex Riolexus
Published: March 2024

Background
In July 2022, the Uganda Ministry of Health (MoH) trained Village Health Team (VHT) members in Kabarole District and rolled out the Event-based surveillance (EBS) system with an emphasis on submitting public health signals. We assessed the level of reporting and factors affecting reporting in the EBS system by VHTs in Kabarole District, southwestern Uganda, July 2022 ̶ March 2023.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study among VHTs and key informants (KI) involved in EBS activities from the district health office and health facilities in March 2022, eight months after the rollout of EBS in Kabarole District. We used multistage sampling to recruit VHTs from sub-county to village levels. Purposive sampling was used to select KIs involved in EBS activities to gain insight into factors influencing EBS reporting. We collected data using an interviewer-administered questionnaire containing socio-demographic and occupational characteristics and a KI interview guide. We assessed the proportion of VHTs who submitted any public health signal in the EBS system from July 2022 - March 2023. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with reporting. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis.
Results
Among 380 participating VHTs from 189 villages, 258 (68%) were female, 262 (69%) had attained secondary school education, and 288 (76%) had worked >5 years as VHT. Mean age was 44±12 years. Ninety-one (24%; 95%CI: 17-38%) respondents had reported a public health signal in the EBS system. Reporting was associated with age >45 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=2.4; 95%CI: 3.3-5.7), being female (aOR=2.8; 95%CI: 2.0-5.7), doing VHT work >5 days per week (aOR=4.4, 95%CI: 1.2-5.1), and having at least secondary school education (aOR=1.1, 95%CI: 1.2-4.8). Factors influencing reporting included remuneration, feedback, and support supervision from the district health authorities.
Conclusion
A quarter of VHTs in Kabarole District reported public health signals in the EBS system during the eight-month period following implementation. Leveraging older, more experienced VHTs with higher education levels as mentors and providing routine support supervision of VHTs may improve reporting of public health signals in the EBS system.
Highly passivated TOPCon bottom cells for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells
Authors: Ye Jichun , Ding Zetao , Kan Chenxia , Jiang Shengguo , Zhang Meili , Zhang Hongyu , Liu Wei , Liao Mingdun , Yang Zhenhai , Hang Pengjie , Zeng Yuheng , Yu Xuegong
Published: March 2024

Tunnel oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) silicon solar cells are rising as a competitive photovoltaic technology, seamlessly blending high efficiency with cost-effectiveness and mass production capabilities. However, the numerous defects from the fragile silicon oxide/c-Si interface and the low field-effect passivation due to the inadequate boron in-diffusion in p-type TOPCon (p-TOPCon) reduce their open-circuit voltages (VOCs), impeding their widespread application in the promising perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs) that hold a potential to break 30% module efficiency. To address this, we develop highly passivated p-TOPCon structure by optimizing the oxidation conditions, boron in-diffusion and aluminium oxide hydrogenation, thus pronouncedly improving the implied VOC (iVOC) of p-TOPCon to 715 mV and the VOC of double-sided TOPCon bottom cells to 710 mV. Consequently, integrating with perovskite top cells, our proof of concept 1 cm2 n-i-p perovskite/silicon TSCs exhibit VOCs exceeding 1.9 V and a highest reported efficiency of 28.20%, which paves a way for TOPCon cells in the commercialization of future tandems.
The joint-brain axis: evidence from a Mendelian randomization study of osteoarthritis and cortical structure
Authors: yang YUBIAO , Ma Boyuan , Chen Jinyu , Wang Bitao , Liu Derong , ma Jun , Hao Jian , Zhou Xianhu
Published: March 2024

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease that may affect brain function via a joint-brain axis, but its causal impact on brain cortical structures is unclear.
Method
We used Mendelian randomization (MR), a method that leverages genetic variants as natural experiments, to examine the effects of OA, including knee and hip OA, on cortical surface area (SA) and thickness (TH) of the whole brain and 34 functional regions. We used summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of OA and brain cortical structures in individuals of European ancestry.
Result
We found that overall OA was causally associated with reduced SA of the isthmus cingulate (beta: -296.2, 95% CI: -439.1, -153.3, P = 4.82e-05), a brain region involved in mood, memory, and spatial orientation. This suggests that OA may influence neuropsychiatric disorders in OA patients. We also detected several suggestive associations between OA and other brain regions.
Conclusion
Our study reveals a novel causal link between OA and brain cortical structures, with implications for understanding and treating cognitive impairment and other disorders in OA patients. Our findings also highlight the importance of considering the joint-brain axis in clinical practice and future research.
Paleo-climatic control on recharge and fresh-saltwater distribution in the Red River delta plain, Vietnam
Authors: Larsen Flemming , Hoang Hoan , Tran Long Vu , Nhan Quy Pham
Published: March 2024

Paleo-climatic induced sedimentation controls present-day recharge and the fresh-salt groundwater distribution in Quaternary delta systems. During sea-level highstands, marine clays, with saline pore water, were deposited, and are interbedded with aquifers of coarse-grained sandy fluvial and shallow marine deposits, laid down during lowstands. The low-permeable marine layers may inhibit recent recharge to deeper aquifers, and thereby limit sustainable use of these freshwater resources. This phenomenon has been investigated in the Red River delta plain, using geophysical borehole logging, transient electromagnetic soundings, groundwater chemistry, stable isotope analysis and 3H and 14C dating of groundwater. Results reveal that marine saline pore water is still present in the Holocene marine clays, implying that fresh water has not entered the clays since their deposition. Therefore, recharge within the delta plain is not occurring and the deeper aquifers are hydraulically disconnected from the upper sandy layers. Today, recharge only occurs from the hinterland. Recharge during the last glacial period has flushed salt pore water from Pleistocene marine clays, but these clays were again affected by saline water during the Holocene transgression. The use of the groundwater resources in the delta plain must be adjusted to the present recharge to be sustainable.
Q-ECS: Quantum-Enhanced Cloud Security with Attribute-based Cryptography and Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Nauman Umer , Zhang Yuhong , Li Zhihui , Zhen Tong
Published: March 2024

In the contemporary landscape of advanced technological ecosystems, the ubiquity of cloud computing serves as a cornerstone for orchestrating and maintaining a myriad of global datasets, information repositories, and service infrastructures. This widespread adoption of cloud computing, however, has brought forth a pressing need to confront and mitigate security challenges, necessitating the formulation of resilient protocols to safeguard the sanctity and confidentiality of data. In response to this imperative, our research endeavors to propose an innovative and secure paradigm for cloud data access, harnessing the synergies of attribute-based cryptography (ABC) and quantum key distribution (QKD). This methodology capitalizes on the intrinsic security of quantum channels to facilitate the secure transmission of cryptographic keys across nodes. We validate the effectiveness of our model through extensive simulations. This comparison, which is based on state-of-the-art methods, looks at a wide range of performance metrics, such as the time it takes to create a key, the time it takes to decrypt and encrypt, and other important factors. Compared to state-of-the-art algorithms, our proposed algorithm performs better with better encoding times (2.6s to 5.2s) and decryption timings (1.2s to 3.6s). While QKD-ABC regularly obtains the shortest analysis times (29.1s to 149.1s), it is clear that QKD-ABC is the best method for safe cloud data access. The particular numerical metrics demonstrate the unmatched performance of QKD-ABC in a variety of activities.