bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ökosonden: integrierte regionalisierte Umweltbeobachtung
Authors: Peter Kathrin , Grolimund Peter
Published: March 2017

The “ecosonde” is the characteristic of integrated, ecosystem-orientated environmental monitoring. The environmental monitoring records all biotic and abiotic parts of environment within an area (ecosystem). Integrated environmental monitoring includes anthropogenic effects
and activities, such as social-economics, and environment. Observation topics are area and landscape, flows of substances and energy, administration activities and environmental politics. The ecosonde is the regional supplement of the existing monitoring systems. After five years the Swiss
Commision of environmental observation has finished its conceptual work on the integrated, ecosystem-orientated environmental monitoring system. The ecosonde is the realisation of the observation programme in an observation aera. The observation programme consists of specialized basic programmes.
The observation takes place in a few exemplary zones. Environmental observation and research are closely interlinked. Environmental observation needs methods, standards and techniques. The ecosonde offers such a tool. It is a well equipped and interdisziplinary laboratory of the real environment.
Long-term monitoring is the basis of research which developes and tests hypotesis over a long time period. The ecosonde is a instrument for an adaptation of environmental politics to specific regional and local conditions. It further allows the on-site control of the impact of the environmental
measurements. The ecosonde allows to visualize relationships between different types of environmental pollutions and their producers. This enables to develop interdisciplinary environmental programmes. During an introductory period of five years exemplary ecosonds will be installed in three
observation areas in Switzerland.
Plädoyer für eine positiv anthropozentrische Ausweitung der “indirekten” Rechte der Natur
Authors: Kotter Ludwig
Published: March 2017

That man may also physically grant animals an indirect right to well-being is to be re-emphasized. Unrealistic descriptions of an inherent but unassertable right of non-human life (animals and plants) and inanimate nature complicate the discussion of the extension of the protection
of animals and other entities of nature. There is a distinction between negative and positive anthropocentrism. Negative anthropocentric “protection of nature” is egocentrically oriented toward the unscrupulous exploitation of nature by contemporary humanity. Positive
anthropocentric “protection of nature” includes not only the responsibility for all fellow creatures, but also the securing of nature full of variety, and compatible to man for generations to come. German legislation has already set this course with its animal protection and
nature protection laws, but it should become clearer and more concrete. The stagnating harmonization within the European Community is not an alibi for passivity because this is a matter of public morality. Nature would continue to exist, even if man were to make earth a place incompatible
to man and the species Homo sapiens sapiens were to die out from a lack of sapience.
Das Naturverständnis der Ökonomik Die Ökonomik auf dem Weg der Reintegration ihrer natur- und geisteswissenschaftlichen Bezüge
Authors: Jochimsen Maren , Löwe Jürgen , Matthiesen Kai H. , Minsch Jürg
Published: March 2017

Die evolutionäre Gesichtspunkte berührende Untersuchung von Fragen nach der “Natur des Menschen” und dem Handeln des Menschen in der Natur führt auch dazu, sich grundsätzlicher mit Ökonomik und ökologischer Krise auseinanderzusetzen. Die
als Reaktion hierauf zu verstehende Herausbildung einer spezialisierten Umweltökonomie brachte wichtige Erkenntnisse und instrumentell verwendbares Wissen. Dies reicht aber – so die Ausgangsthese der Diskussion, über die hier berichtet wird – nicht aus, mit den vorhandenen
Instrumenten und Kalkülen der Disziplin den ökologischen Erfordernissen gewachsen zu sein, sind doch die ökologischen Probleme im Kern gerade die Folgen des wirtschaftlichen Erfolgs.
Welche Natur sollen wir schützen?
Authors: Honnefelder Ludger
Published: March 2017

What Nature has to be Protected? There is no doubt that our environment has to be protected against the immense growing interferences by human beings. But which nature do we want to protect or should be preserved? Is “nature” defined by the presently reached state?
Or is “nature” the requirement for the human species in order to preserve and survive the kind of nature which we want to protect? Or do we mean by “nature” the lost “intact nature” before the human's interferences? – It seems obvious that these questions
can be answered by natural science. But we will get very limited answers, because science describes nature – determined by its methodical approach – as that what is the case. Along these lines the ozone-hole and the AIDS-virus are part of nature. Science can describe certain
natural balances, can trace threshold values for certain effects and put them in conditional sentences, and is able to give a description of which risks for the human species and it's environment are connected with certain processes. Normally these scientific findings are sufficient to
keep up a particular balance in nature and to secure a minimum of conditions to survive. Questions about preservation of species, conservation of the landscape, or a human environment require broader concepts of ends than the pure scientific description of nature does. – In which way
are the natural scientific, socio-cultural, moral and esthetical aspects connected in the question “What nature has to be protected?” to be answered? The protection of nature – following the author's thesis – appears in a complex practical deliberation which includes
various premisses. These premisses are unrenounceably connected with the conditional sentences of the natural science as criteria of regularity; and also connected with statements about transutilitarian ends as criteria of obligation. That is why ecological ethics does not only give an evaluation
of possible consequences, but gives also a rating of possible ends. As nature is no unequivocal practical dimension of orientation, and it's partial ends are in conflict, is the precise nature-to-protect always a result of a weighing up of goods (Güterabwägung), which has its
own rules of preference (order of priority, reversibility, range, et cetera). As these rules of preference do not lead to an exact order, each practical deliberation about nature's protection has the character of a compromise, which can only be reached by a discourse of the various social
groups. As the protection of nature does not only mean survival, but also includes a meaningful life of man, the discourse will lead to a social dispute of which the basic rules have to be determined by legal regulations and policy established ends.
The Energy Needs of Today are the Prejudices of Tomorrow
Authors: Imboden Dieter M.
Published: March 2017

Sustainable development in its literal meaning as a strategy which depends on renewable resources cannot be attained for the present global energy needs. A more realistic goal, the concept of constant time of safe practice, is proposed according to which the time into the future should
not decrease during which the actual strategy of development (as given by the overall policy regarding population growth, energy, economy, land use, et cetera) can be guaranteed – to the best of our knowledge – as being safe and sustainable. Since every mode of energy supply, whether
from renewable sources or not, limits the society's option to some extent, it is proposed to put an absolute limit to the level of energy use. The principle of energy bounds is meant as an alternative to the method of energy taxation. The former addresses directly the ultimate goal to
reduce our energy dependence while the latter, due to adjustment of the energy needs to the new prices, may not be the adequate tool to bring about, in the long run, a smaller rate of energy degradation.
Geografie von konkret bis abstrakt Was die Nachhaltigkeitsforschung von Analysen geografischer Forschungsprogramme lernen kann
Authors: Kirchhoff Thomas , Voigt Annette
Published: March 2017

Die Wechselwirkungen zwischen sozialen und ökologischen Systemen rücken immer stärker in den Fokus der Nachhaltigkeitsforschung. Damit erlebt das Urthe ma der Geografie eine Renaissance. Die Rezeption bereits vorliegender differenzierter Analysen geografischer Forschungs
programme kann daher helfen, die Theoriebildung in der Nachhaltigkeitsforschung kritisch zu reflektieren und voranzubringen.
Innovation, a Daughter of Freedom Innovation, eine Tochter der Freiheit
Authors: Minsch Jürg , Heim Thomas , Kläy Andreas
Published: March 2017

Krise quantitativen Wachstums, globale Nutzungskonflikte, Legitimitäts probleme von Demokratie und Marktwirtschaft: Die Innovationsfrage stellt sich im Zeichen nachhaltiger Entwicklung umfassend als Frage der gesellschaftlichen, also der kulturellen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen
Entwicklung. Eine SAGUF-Tagung widmet sich dem Inno vationsfeld Cleantech: Kann Cleantech tiefgreifende Innovationen in Richtung Nachhaltigkeit katalysieren?
Research for Sustainable Development Forschung für nachhaltige Entwicklungen
Authors: Remig Moritz , Gebhardt Oliver , Bartke Stephan , Schwarze Reimund
Published: March 2017

Das BMBF-Rahmenprogramm FONA – Forschung für nachhaltige Entwicklungen fördert das neue Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS), das internationale Spitzenforscher(innen) nach Potsdam einlädt. Nachhaltigkeit wissenschaft lich zu erforschen
und gesellschaftlich umzusetzen – so lautet der Anspruch des IASS. Die Mitteilungen des Förderschwerpunkts Wirtschaftswissenschaften für Nachhaltigkeit (WiN) gehen der Frage nach, was unter Nachhaltigkeitsökonomik zu verstehen ist. Das neue Forschungsfeld formiert
sich an der Schnittstelle von Ökologischer Ökonomik und Umwelt- und Ressourcenökonomik.
Against Minimizing Consumers' Responsibility Wider die Bagatellisierung der Konsumentenverantwortung
Authors: Bilharz Michael , Fricke Vera , Schrader Ulf
Published: March 2017

Armin Grunwald warnte in GAIA 3/2010 vor einer ,,Privatisierung der Nachhaltigkeit“; davor, den Schlüssel zur Lösung der Nachhaltigkeitsprobleme im individuellen (Konsum-)Handeln statt auf der politischen Ebene zu sehen. Michael Bilharz et al.
werfen ihm in diesem Heft eine ,,Bagatellisierung der Konsumentenverantwortung“ vor: Konsumhandeln sei durchaus nachhaltigkeitsrelevant und zudem nicht ohne weiteres von politischem Handeln unterscheidbar. Bernd Siebenhüner verweist dann aus einer Governance-Perspektive auf
die politischen Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten in den nichtstaatlichen Arenen moderner Gesellschaften. Armin Grunwald schließlich reagiert auf die Beiträge, indem er zeigt, wo Einigkeit besteht – und wo sein Verständnis von privatem Handeln, politischem Handeln
Einzelner und staatlichem Handeln von dem seiner Kritiker(innen) abweicht.
Business Lobbying and the Prospects for American Climate Change Legislation
Authors: Falke Andreas
Published: March 2017

Climate change policy in the United States of America is characterized by denial, modest embracement, and, recently, rejection. The fate of climate change legislation since Barack Obama was elected President shows the limits of an alliance of progressive businesses with mainstream
non-governmental organizations. And it confirms the influence of more conservative elements in politics and business to delay or under mine climate-friendly initiatives. With the capture of the House of Representatives by the Republicans in November 2010, the future for action on the national
level is doubtful.
Climate-Friendly Production of Cement: A Utopian Vision? Klimaschonende Produktion von Zement: eine Utopie?
Authors: Achternbosch Matthias , Kupsch Christel , Nieke Eberhard , Sardemann Gerhard
Published: March 2017

Cement is a mass construction material with large world-wide growth rates. At present its production contributes approximately eight percent of all global CO2 emissions (excluding the emissions caused by land use, land use change, and forestry). The cement industry has adopted
many measures to reduce these emissions, such as technical improvements or use of secondary materials. In this article, it will be shown that these measures are not sufficient to stabilise or lower future CO2 emissions. CCS (Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage) is currently being
discussed for further improvements in reducing CO2 emissions. However, instead of focussing on this end of pipe technology, which has not yet been realised at cement plants, the development of low-CO2 cements produced with substantially lower CO2 emissions
would be a more sustainable course provided these innovative cements have the potential to replace conventional cement.
E-Waste: A Story of Trashing, Trading, and Valuable Resources
Authors: Oswald Irina , Reller Armin
Published: March 2017

Electronic waste, or e-waste, is considered the most rapidly growing waste category, as electrical and electronic appliances continue to be essential tools of global information and communication societies. Recent literature on e-waste broaches the issue of e-waste both as hazardous
waste and as so-called urban mines. End-of-life management of e-waste is more challenging than that of other waste due to the wide range of products that qualify as e-waste, their complex material composition, and their low collection and recycling rates. Collection of e-waste from consumers
is difficult especially with regard to small appliances as these tend to be disposed of in solid waste containers or are stored by consu mers. The article also uncovers complex aspects within the discussion on international trade of e-waste: Developing countries are frequently referred to
as the “e-waste dumpsites” of industrialized countries; on the other hand, inexpensive access to information and communication technologies is considered an important driver for development.
Anpassung an den Klimawandel – Potenziale sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung in DeutschlandAdaptation to Climate Change – Potentials of Social Science Research in Germany
Authors: Grothmann Torsten , Daschkeit Achim , Felgentreff Carsten , Görg Christoph , Horstmann Britta , Scholz Imme , Tekken Vera
Published: March 2017

Der anthropogene Klimawandel ist ein gesellschaftliches Problem, das allein mit natur- und ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Modellen und Methoden nur unzureichend analysierbar ist. Um die Folgen des Klimawandels zu verstehen sowie wirksame und sozial gerechte Klimaschutz- und Anpassungsmaßnahmen entwickeln zu können, ist die sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung unab dingbar. Dieses Positionspapier 2 will dazu beitragen, die Potenziale sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung bei der Erforschung von Klimafolgen, Vulnerabilität und Anpassung zu identifizieren und auszuschöpfen.
Schüler(innen) auf der Suche nach den Wurzeln unserer Umweltprobleme. Umwelthistorische Forschung in technischen Schulen als Beitrag zur Bildung für nachhaltige EntwicklungStudents in Search of the Roots of Our Environmental Problems. Environmental History Research in
Technical Schools as a Contribution to Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Weisz Ulli , Gingrich Simone , Winiwarter Verena , Radits Franz , Soukup-Altrichter Katharina , Schmied Christopher , Spranz Astrid , Antić Aleksandar , Bosina Christine , Ecker Irene , Kalla Maximilian Johann , Petrin Walter , Steinkellner Gudrun
Published: March 2017

We conducted research in environmental history with students from a technical secondary school. Some participants of the project Our Environment Has a History probably doubted the feasibility at the outset of this transdisciplinary project in 2008. After two years' work we discuss
the challenges of the project, i.e., the role definitions and cultural differences in the conception of knowledge, research and learning between school and academia, and how they were mastered. This evaluation is based on the experiences made during the cooperation and on results from concomitant
research. How to guide the students in their independent research was a defining question. We analyse which factors were decisive for the success of the cooperation and we assess the contribution of the students' research to the relatively new research field of environmental history: They
brought in new topics that related to their lives as technical trainees rather than to academic discourse. Their work yielded results at the interface of environmental history, technology and environmental problems. We conclude that the implementation of environmental history in schools can
contribute to education for sustainable development.
Zurück zur Heimat Vom Wert und Schutz unserer heimischen Landschaft
Authors: Krebs Angelika
Published: March 2017

Landschaft wird nicht nur geplant und gestaltet, sie wird regelrecht ausgeräumt und ausgewechselt. Dadurch schafft der Mensch Orte ohne Identität, Leben und Geschichte. Wollte er den Verlust von Heimat stoppen, müsste der Mensch sich auf das Motiv der Heimatliebe
besinnen. Für diesen Ansatz spricht, dass der Heimatbegriff wieder an Bedeutung gewinnt.
World Resources Forum 2011. Towards a Resource Efficient Green Economy
Authors: Wäger Patrick A. , de Leeuw Bas , Edelmann Xaver , Chan Natasha C. , Smrekar Otto
Published: March 2017

The 2011 World Resources Forum revealed the need for effective steps towards a resource efficient green economy. These steps depend not only on technical knowledge, but also on institutional changes and social innovation – and therefore call for consideration of the social
sciences and humanities perspectives.
The Path to a College of Human Ecology for Europe Der Weg zu einem europäischen College für Humanökologie
Authors: Steiner Dieter
Published: March 2017

Die Humanökologie hat es im deutschsprachigen Raum schwer, institutionell eingebunden zu werden. Denn Universitäten und große Forschungseinrichtungen fördern nach wie vor diszplinorientiertes Arbeiten. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Humanökologie treibt
deshalb seit einigen Jahren den Aufbau eines europäischen College nach amerikanischem Vorbild der Liberal Arts voran – nun nimmt das Vorhaben Gestalt an.
About Ship! Why We Need a “Great Transformation” Klar zur Wende! Warum eine ,,Große Transformation“ notwendig ist
Authors: Schubert Renate , Messner Dirk , Blasch Julia
Published: March 2017

Unsere kohlenstoffbasierten Energiesysteme und Produktionsprozesse müssen schnell umgestaltet werden, um den Klimawandel abzuwenden. Je länger Entscheidungen hinausgezögert werden, desto teurer werden Klimaschutzmaßnahmen und desto größer wird auch
das Ausmaß der Schäden. Doch die Transformation zu einer klimaverträglichen Weltgesellschaft ist notwendig – und machbar. Ein neuer Gesellschaftsvertrag zwischen Staat und Bürgerschaft könnte helfen, entsprechende Prozesse zu beschleunigen und Maßnahmen
umzusetzen.
Bioökonomie am Scheideweg Industrialisierung von Biomasse oder nachhaltige Produktion?
Authors: Albrecht Stephan , Gottschick Manuel , Schorling Markus , Stirn Susanne
Published: March 2017

Seit die Preise für Erdöl und Erdgas steigen, gilt Biomasse als Hoffnungsträger für die Energieversorgung. Die Politik fördert den Ausbau der Bioökonomie, denn pflanzliche Rohstoffe können energetisch und stofflich genutzt werden. Doch Wissenschaft
und Zivilgesellschaft sehen den massiven Anbau von Mais, Raps und Co. zunehmend kritisch, da Nachhaltigkeitskriterien und die Beteiligung von Bürger(inne)n missachtet werden. Transdisziplinäre Nachhaltigkeitsforschung kann Wege aufzeigen, wie die Bioökonomiepläne transparen
ter und gerechter gestaltet werden können.
Staatliche Verantwortung für Umweltqualitätsstandards Governance im Kontext der EG-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie
Authors: Petersen Thomas , Klauer Bernd
Published: March 2017

Die europäische Wasserrahmenrichtlinie fordert von den EU-Mitgliedstaaten, für einen guten Gewässerzustand zu garantieren. Allerdings stoßen die Staaten bei der Umsetzung an die Grenzen ihrer souveränen Durchsetzungsmacht, weil sie unter anderem
auf die freiwillige Kooperation nichtstaatlicher Akteure angewiesen sind.
Land Management and Ecosystem Services How Collaborative Research Programmes Can Support Better Policies
Authors: Eppink Florian V. , Werntze Andreas , Mäs Stephan , Popp Alexander , Seppelt Ralf
Published: March 2017

Land management, the organisation of the use and development of land, is an important instrument for addressing problems of rising greenhouse gas emissions and loss of natural resources. Yet, natural-social systems in which land management policies are implemented are poorly understood,
thus decreasing the effectiveness of these policies. Local studies provide valuable insights, though only for the local conditions prevalent during the investigated period. Synthesising local studies in order to generalise results is impaired by the variety of local conditions. Collaborative
research programmes may prevent some of these problems. They support the share of insights across temporal, ecological and spatial-economic contexts. On the basis of existing literature, we identify the challenges which face synthesis and demonstrate how a German research programme attempts
to address some of them.
20 Jahre nationale Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien Eine Bilanz aufgrund der Erfahrungen in der Schweiz
Authors: Wachter Daniel
Published: March 2017

Nationale Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien sollen einen Kurswechsel in Richtung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung unterstützen. Sie sind als politiksektorübergreifende Metastrategien angelegt – konkrete Nachhaltigkeitspolitik hat es deshalb häufig schwer. Zudem müssen
sie sich in Zeiten wirtschaftlicher Krisen und gegen konkurrierende Konzepte wie green growth oder cleantech behaupten. Statt neue Konzepte zu entwickeln, sollten die Staaten ihre Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien stärken und umsetzungsorientierter gestalten. Nur so kann den anstehenden ökonomischen,
gesellschaftlichen und ökologischen Problemen begegnet werden.
Zwischen Anspruch und Wirklichkeit Das Übereinkommen über die biologische Vielfalt und sein Einfluss auf die Naturschutzpolitik
Authors: Jessel Beate
Published: March 2017

Nach der Verabschiedung der Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) beim Erdgipfel in Rio de Janeiro 1992 wurde ,,Biodiversität“ zu einem Schlüsselbegriff der Naturschutzpolitik. Bislang aber wurden die Inhal te und Ziele der Konvention kaum in Handlungsziele
überführt und damit kaum politisch umgesetzt. Vor allem mangelt es an konkreten Vorgaben für die nachhaltige Nutzung der biolo gischen Vielfalt. Die öffentliche Diskussion um die Biodiversität fokussiert vor allem auf den Schutz der Artenvielfalt – und steht
damit im Gegensatz zu dem viel weiter gefassten Anspruch der CBD.
On the Cusp of Global Collapse? Updated Comparison of The Limits to Growth with Historical Data
Authors: Turner Graham M.
Published: March 2017

The Limits to Growth standard run scenario produced 40 years ago continues to align well with historical data that has been updated in this paper, following a 30-year comparison by the author. The scenario results in collapse of the global economy and environment, and subsequently
the population. Although the modelled fall in population occurs after about 2030 – with death rates reversing contemporary trends and rising from 2020 onward – the general onset of collapse first appears at about 2015 when per capita industrial output begins a sharp decline. Given
this imminent timing, a further issue this paper raises is whether the current economic difficulties of the global finan cial crisis are potentially related to mechanisms of breakdown in the Limits to Growth standard run scenario. In particular, contemporary peak oil issues and analysis
of net energy, or energy return on (energy) invested, support the Limits to Growth modelling of resource constraints underlying the collapse, despite obvious financial problems associated with debt.
How Programs Like chance.natur Can Foster Success Factors for Nature Conservation Erfolgsfaktoren im Naturschutz und ihre Förderung durch Programme am Beispiel chance.natur
Authors: Hubo Christiane , Krott Max
Published: March 2017

The successful implementation of conservation projects depends on both effective ecological solutions and favorable political factors. The question is, whether programs like chance.natur, the German national program on large-scale conservation, foster such success factors within
projects. In analyzing 13 success factors, this paper identifies ten that are strengthened by the program, and three that are not yet activated. Main success factors are strong actors, professional networks, advocates, active management of a project's political environment, and financial and
labor resources. Analyzing success factors indicates not only how a program effects the implemen tation of projects, it can also be used for the future optimization of nature conservation programs and their design. The research results prove the relevance of the transdisciplinary exchange
between science and practice, which has been going on for the last 14 years.
25 Jahre Ausbildung in Umweltnaturwissenschaften an der ETH Zürich
Authors: Frischknecht Peter M.
Published: March 2017

Kontinuität beim Ziel und Wandel bei der Form: So verläuft die Geschichte der Umweltnaturwissenschaf ten an der ETH Zürich. In der ersten Wegleitung stand: ,,Der Studiengang vermittelt fundierte Kenntnisse über spezielle Umweltsysteme und die darin ablaufenden
Prozesse sowie die Grundlagen der Mensch-Umwelt-Beziehung.“ Das gilt auch heute noch.
Forschung für Nachhaltige Entwicklungen
Authors: Koch-Kraft Andrea , Ziegler Thilo Petri Rafael
Published: March 2017

Die Mitteilungen des BMBF-Rahmenprogramms FONA – Forschung für nachhaltige Entwicklungenberichten von der Messepräsentation des Förderschwerpunkts Forschung für die nachhaltige Entwicklung der Megastädte von morgen auf der diesjährigen
Hannover-Messe. Der Förderschwerpunkt Sozial-ökologische Forschung (SÖF) berichtet über Unternehmerpioniere, denen soziale Aspekte wichtiger sind als Profitorientierung – und untersucht, welchen Beitrag sie zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung leisten können.
Sustainability Science in Austria Nachhaltigkeitsforschung in Österreich
Authors: Böcher Michael , Krott Max
Published: March 2017

Inter- und transdisziplinäre Nachhaltigkeitsforschung soll einen wichtigen Beitrag zum notwendigen Wissen für Nachhaltigkeit leisten. Deshalb hatte Österreich die innovativen Forschungsprogramme Kulturlandschaftsforschung und proVISION initiiert. Doch
wie steht es derzeit um die Nachhaltigkeitsforschung? Dazu hat das österreichische Bundes ministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung eine Studie in Auftrag gegeben, deren Hauptergebnisse nun vorliegen.
Assessing the Societal Benefits of Applied Research and Expert Consulting in Water Science and Technology
Authors: Hering Janet G. , Hoffmann Sabine , Meierhofer Regula , Schmid Martin , Peter Armin J.
Published: March 2017

Applied research and expert consulting are conducted at research institu tions and universities that are supported by public investment. This is often justified on the basis of anticipated societal benefits. Thus it is incumbent on the institu tions that conduct these activities to
develop a sound basis for the assess ment of their bene fits and to be able to communicate these to the public.
Dependence on Economic Growth Prevents Policy-Making within the Limits to Growth Abhängigkeit vom Wirtschaftswachstum als Hindernis für eine Politik innerhalb der limits to growth Perspektiven für eine Postwachstumsgesellschaft
Authors: Seidl Irmi , Zahrnt Angelika
Published: March 2017

Die Grenzen des Wachstums von Meadows et al. (1972) holen uns nach 40 Jahren ein. Doch inzwischen hat das Wirtschaftswachstum die Funktionsweisen vieler gesellschaftlicher Systeme durchdrungen und diese wachstumsabhängig gemacht. Ziel muss es sein, diese Abhängigkeit
aufzulösen und Perspektiven für eine Postwachstumsgesellschaft zu entwickeln.
Perspektiven und Herausforderungen im Überblick - Hoffnungsträger Kurzumtriebsplantagen?Pinning Hopes on Short Rotation Coppice? Reviewing Perspectives and Challenges
Authors: Rösch Christine , Jörissen Juliane
Published: March 2017

Over the coming years a rising demand for woody biomass fuels is to be expected. Parts of this demand could be met by short rota tion coppice. If compared with intensive farming practices for annual energy crops, short rotation coppice has lower environmen tal impacts and lower requirements
concerning climate and soil quality. High yields in terms of energy content per hectare can be achieved. This article reviews the prospects for short rotation coppice considering land availability as well as site-specific, economic and environmental requirements. Against the backdrop of a
changing political framework in the areas of agriculture and energy, the issue of competing land use requirements of energy crops, food production, and nature conser vation will be discussed.
Rachel Carson's Legacy: Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Gender Concerns
Authors: Langston Nancy
Published: March 2017

Rachel Carson's Silent Spring ignited a controversy over synthetic chemical residues, which illustrates several important elements of gender in Carson's legacy. First, Carson's approaches in Silent Spring challenged traditional gender stereotypes. Second, the reception
to Silent Spring reveals assumptions about gender that influenced the ways in which Carson's critics understood human and environmental health. Finally, endocrine disrupting chemicals had the potential to disrupt sexual differentiation in exposed animals. Two of Carson's core insights
– the trans generational effects of synthetic chemicals and the ecological context of human health – have continuing relevance for understand ing the environmental and human health effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals.
Der Mensch als Gast der Borgias Rachel Carsons Silent Spring aus historischer Sicht
Authors: Mauch Christof
Published: March 2017

In Silent Spring, einem der einflussreichsten Bücher des 20. Jahrhunderts, deckte die Autorin Rachel Carson auf, wie vom Menschen hergestellte Chemi kalien im Boden sowie in Pflanzen, Tieren und Menschen fort bestehen. Über die Auswir kungen des Buchs wurde häufig
speku liert. Fest steht, dass es eine schärfe re Umweltgesetzgebung bewirkt und die Umwelt bewegung ins Rollen gebracht hat.
Zukünftige Infrastrukturen der Energieversorgung Helmholtz-Allianz ENERGY-TRANS gegründetFuture Infrastructures for Meeting Energy Demands. Helmholtz Alliance ENERGY-TRANS Established
Authors: Schippl Jens , Grunwald Armin , Renn Ortwin
Published: March 2017

Die deutsche Energiewende erfordert veränderte Infrastrukturen der Energieversorgung. Daher fördert die Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft die Allianz ENERGY-TRANS, bestehend aus vier Helmholtz-Zentren, drei Universitäten und einer außeruniversitären Einrichtung.
Ihr geht es um einen Perspektivenwechsel: Der Umbau der Energie infrastrukturen wird verstärkt von der gesellschaftlichen Bedarfs- und Nutzerseite betrachtet.
Evaluating Ecosystem Services in Transhumance Cultural LandscapesAn Interdisciplinary and Participatory Framework
Authors: Oteros-Rozas Elisa , González José A. , Martín-López Berta , López César A. , Zorrilla-Miras Pedro , Montes Carlos
Published: March 2017

Following the concept of ecosystem services, we propose in this article an interdisciplinary and participatory methodological framework for ecosystem services assessment and participatory decision-making in Mediterranean cultural landscapes linked with transhumant pastoralism. It is
based on four sequential phases: 1. characterisation of the social-ecological network associated with transhumance, 2. preliminary identification and characteri sation of ecosystem services, 3. evaluation of ecosystem services (in biophysical, socio-cultural, and economic terms), and 4. future
scenario planning for the analysis of social conflicts related to ecosystem services use and trade-offs as well as the proposal of management strategies. Applying the framework to a case study on one of the major transhumance landscapes in Spain, we could identify and evaluate more than 30
ecosystem services. The framework facilitated the design of robust policy measures that aim to maintain this livestock raising model and its associated flow of ecosystem services. It also contributes to provide the basis for the implementation of adaptive co-management strategies.
Wicked: The Problem of Biodiversity Loss
Authors: Sharman Martin , Mlambo Musa C.
Published: March 2017

Wicked problems are not solvable with established methods. They require unprecedented solutions that can only be realised by thinking outside the box. Because a solution to a problem depends on how the latter is identified and defined, understanding and treating biodiversity loss as
a wicked problem is a first crucial step in tackling it. Stopping biodiversity loss is not going to be easy, but is achievable. The key ingredients are taking personal responsibility, use of multidisciplinary approaches, and development of institutions.
Mehr als die Summe der einzelnen TeileKonsistente Szenarien des Wärmekonsums als Reflexionsrahmen für Politik und WissenschaftMore than the Sum of Its Parts. Consistent Scenarios for the Consumption of Heat Energy as a Common Reference Point for Policy and Science
Authors: Jenssen Till , Weimer-Jehle Wolfgang
Published: March 2017

Multiple variables determine the consumption of heat energy: technical, organisational, economic, legal, and social. Since these drivers also interact with each other in various ways, they may have an ambiguous effect when evaluating sustainability. This paper gives a comprehensive
picture of how future heat consump tion might develop. We seek to unveil opportunities, constraints and contradictions within the system of heat consumption. In order to identify, analyze and illustrate consistent pathways for future development, we apply the cross impact balance analysis
– a qualitative method for analysing impact networks –, thereby focusing on the question how the process of transforming heat consumption in Germany towards a sustainable supply can be assisted. We discuss challenges with regard to the multi-facetted and interrelated variables,
outline approaches for assessing policy options and political consulting (e.g., concerning the design of research funding programmes) as well as identify opportunities for the advancement of energy system analysis.
Norway – “Battery” for the German Energy Transition? Different National Interests in Energy Policies Norwegen – ,,Batterie“ der deutschen Energiewende? Unterschiedliche Länderinteressen in der Energiepolitik
Authors: Ohlhorst Dörte , Schreurs Miranda , Gullberg Anne Therese
Published: March 2017

Norwegen – ,,Batterie“ der deutschen Energiewende?Unterschiedliche Länderinteressen in der EnergiepolitikNorway – “Battery” for the German Energy Transition?
Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation reloadedAporien als Chance für gesellschaftliche Lern- und EntwicklungsprozesseSustainability Communication Reloaded. Aporias as Challenges for Societal Learning and Sustainable Development
Authors: Hübner Renate
Published: March 2017

Michael Bilharz und Katharina Schmitt argumentieren in GAIA 4/2011, dass das Verbreiten ausgewählter Konsum- und Verhaltensbeispiele (key points) zu strukturellen Veränderungen in Richtung Nachhaltigkeit führen kann. In diesem Heft hält
Renate Hübner gemeinsame Lernprozesse für erfolgversprechender, um mit Spannungsfeldern und Widersprüchen umgehen zu können, die ein kultureller Wandel erzeugt. Auch Felix Rausch mayer und Ines Omann bezweifeln den Erfolg von Kommunikationsstrategien,
die auf Ratschlägen beruhen: Sie plädieren für neue Methoden, die das Bewusstsein öffnen und so die Motivation für nachhaltiges Verhalten steigern.
Wertschöpfung durch erneuerbare Energien – wie Bundesländer profitierenBenefiting from Renewable Energies: Their Impact on Value Added in German Federal States
Authors: Aretz Astrid , Heinbach Katharina , Hirschl Bernd , Prahl Andreas , Salecki Steven
Published: March 2017

The German federal states and their communities can benefit on a large scale from the use of renewable energies, which induce important local benefits due to their decentralized structure. The model developed by the Institute for Ecological Economy Research is the first to quantify
generated effects on value added and employment on a local, regional and countrywide scale. Net value added is calculated as the sum of three components: tax revenues, company profits and wages, which are generated by the involved agents along the value chains of the examined 29 technologies.
A comparison of value added and employment effects generated by the wind energy sector between the German federal states of Baden-Württemberg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Brandenburg reveals their specific competitive advantages in the value chain. Furthermore, the analysis shows that
the wind energy sector can create value added and employment in various ways. Regional policies can help exploit the competitive advantages of the federal states but also aim to diversify local industries to participate and compete in multiple steps of the value chain.
The Long Road to Sustainable Development
Authors: Hens Luc
Published: March 2017

International environmental diplomacy has led to many conferences during the last 40 years – but what progress has the world made on sustainable development? What are the key issues? Who are the main actors? At the Rio+20 conference green economy was a main topic – but this
is not a sustain able answer to world's lasting economic crisis.
Lebensader Donau Nachhaltiges Flussgebietsmanagement benötigt internationale KoordinationThe Danube Is a Lifeline. Sustainable River Basin Management Requires International Co-operation
Authors: Habersack Helmut , Gerstl Margit , Glössl Josef
Published: March 2017

Flüsse erfüllen heute zahlreiche gesellschaftliche Bedürfnisse, die ein koordiniertes Management erfordern. Wissenschaftler(innen) der Universität für Bodenkultur Wien nehmen sich der Aufgabe an und entwickeln Konzepte, die die Nutzung zur Stromerzeugung oder
Schifffahrt mit Maßnahmen zum Schutz der ökologischen Funktionen verbinden.
Die Reform der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik: Wird alles grüner und gerechter?The Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy: On the Right Track to Become Greener and Fairer?
Authors: Heinrich Barbara , Holst Carsten , Lakner Sebastian
Published: March 2017

Derzeit diskutiert die Europäische Union über die Reform der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP). Anlass sind Reformvorschläge der Europäischen Kommission, die unter anderem auf eine gerechtere Verteilung der Fördergel der und eine umweltverträglichere Bewirtschaftung
der Agrarflächen zielen. Doch es ist fraglich, ob die Reform mit den vorgeschlagenen Instrumenten ihr Ökologisierungs- und Umverteilungs versprechen halten kann. Mit Maßnahmen auf freiwilliger Basis, die zudem regional ausgerichtet sind, könnten Umweltziele effizienter
erreicht werden.
Forschung für Nachhaltige EntwicklungenResearch for Sustainable Development
Authors: Thaller-Honold Svetlana , Scheiermann Anika , Welfens Maria Jolanta , Nordmann Julia , Bookhagen Britta , Reimann Silke
Published: March 2017

Das BMBF-Rahmenprogramm FONA blickt auf das Symposium Sustainability in Science zurück, bei dem 200 Fachleute die Weichen für mehr Nachhaltigkeit in der Wissenschaft gestellt haben. Außerdem blickt FONA nach vorn und kündigt das 10. BMBF-Forum für Nachhaltigkeit und den Forschungspreis Nachhaltige Entwicklungen an. Der Förderschwerpunkt Sozial-ökologische Forschung (SÖF) stellt Ergebnisse des Forschungs- und Kommunikationsprojekts Rückgabe und Nutzung gebrauchter Handys vor.
Nachhaltige Wissenschaft in der akademischen AusbildungDas Programm einer transformativen Bildung an NaWis-InstitutionenSustainability Science as a Part of Academic Education. The Programme of a Transformative Education at NaWis Institutions
Authors: Chrubasik Nadine , Ernst Andreas , Lang Daniel J. , Schneidewind Uwe , Simon Karl-Heinz , Singer-Brodowski Mandy , Vilsmaier Ulli
Published: March 2017

Das Programm einer transformativen Wissenschaft spielt in der Hochschulausbildung an den Universitäten Kassel und Lüneburg eine zentrale Rolle – und damit auch im NaWis-Verbund.
Evaluating Research beyond Scientific ImpactHow to Include Criteria for Productive Interactions and Impact on Practice and Society
Authors: Wolf Birge , Lindenthal Thomas , Szerencsits Manfred , Holbrook J. Britt , Heß Jürgen
Published: March 2017

Currently, established research evaluation focuses on scientific impact – that is, the impact of research on science itself. We discuss extending research evaluation to cover productive interactions and the impact of research on practice and society. The results are based on interviews with scientists from (organic) agriculture and a review of the literature on broader/social/societal impact assessment and the evaluation of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research. There is broad agreement about what activities and impacts of research are relevant for such an evaluation. However, the extension of research evaluation is hampered by a lack of easily usable data. To reduce the effort involved in data collection, the usability of existing documentation procedures (e.g., proposals and reports for research funding) needs to be increased. We propose a structured database for the evaluation of scientists, projects, programmes and institutions, one that will require little additional effort beyond existing reporting require ments.
Nachhaltigkeit institutionalisieren: ein neuer Gesellschaftsvertrag für städtische Gewerbe gebieteInstitutionalizing Sustainability: A New Social
Contract for Urban Industrial Sites
Authors: Betker Frank
Published: March 2017

One characteristic of the urbanization process in post-war Germany was the development of mono-functional industrial areas. Today these areas suffer from spatial decline and are affected by increasing urban brownfields. The challenge in their revitalization is not only one of urban
planning, but also, most importantly, climate protection and low carbon development, with especially the energetic potential being huge. Based upon considerations on institutional theory, this article addresses the renewal of the industrial zones in the context of a societal "transformation
towards sustainability", posing the question how sustainability can be institutionalized permanently and as a common task of all stakeholders. The article discusses new forms of organization using examples from Germany, The Netherlands and Belgium (Flanders). As a result, an ideal type of
governance pattern becomes recognizable based on three pillars: interfirm cooperation, participation of the local-state actors and an industrial site management (park management).
Being Moved by Moving Images The Influence of Filmmaking on Sustainable Consumption Patterns
Authors: Mieg Harald A. , Bauer Judith , Bedenk Stephan
Published: March 2017

How can we stimulate sustainable consumption in education? The presented study examined whether making a topical short film about sustainable consumption subsequently influenced personal behavior. A field experiment was conducted at three types of educational institutions in Germany
(university, secondary school, vocational school). The study used three content formats – Knowledge, Do-yourself, Commitment – and tested two measures for reported sustainable consumption behavior – (personal) preferences and (public) involvement. The results showed
a general effect of filmmaking on involvement (political commitment). The Do-yourself content format, in which participants' own consumption patterns were documented, influenced both types of behavior. No behavioral differences were found between educational institutions. The discussion
underlines the structural role of institutions such as schools, which mediate between the private and public spheres.
Reducing the Carbon and Sulfur Load of the Atmosphere. Assessing Global Decarbonization and Desulfurization and the Future of a Low-Carbon World
Authors: Smil Vaclav
Published: March 2017

For more than a century human activities have been affecting two key biogeochemical cycles, carbon and sulfur. Substantial declines in average carbon intensity (carbon per gigajoule), especially in Western countries, have not been translated into an absolute decline of global emissions,
largely due to large emissions increases in Latin America, Africa and, above all, in Asia. In contrast, global desulfurization has taken place not only in relative but also in absolute terms: we have seen not only lower sulfur intensities per unit of liberated energy but substantial decline
in total sulfur emissions. We have accomplished this despite a massive increase in global combustion of coal thanks largely to an effective technical fix (flue gas desulfurization). There are no imminent prospects for any major reductions in absolute emissions of carbon dioxide. In view of
climate change, this seems critical because the atmospheric behavior and the future levels of absorbed outgoing radiation are indeed determined by the absolute atmospheric levels of the gas, not by reductions of relative burdens per unit of product or service. The next two decades will prove
to be crucial.
Umwelt, Bewußtsein und Handeln: eine ökonomische Analyse
Authors: Stephan Gunter , Steffen Silvia , Wiedmer Thomas
Published: March 2017

The discussion in environmental policy seems to mark time since quite a while. From the economic theory it is well known that the reasons for environmental problems are based on market failures and that market-oriented policies are economically more efficient and ecologically more powerful
than regulatory policies. But to the present day the introduction of market-oriented policies mostly failed. In practice the overwhelming part of the environmental policy is still based on regulations, and the global and local situation of the environment is even worse than a few years
ago the environmental discussion arose and with it the expansion of environmental policy. In this article the authors pursue two different goals: First they want to identify the reasons for the failure of such market-oriented policies in the political process. There exist two different
kinds of reasons two different fields of economic theory, psychological and political economics, deal with. Second they introduce a model, that will show how the introduction of higher-ranking principles may improve the chances of market-oriented instruments in the political process.
Erschöpfbare Ressourcen zu Dumpingpreisen Wohlstand auf Kosten des Südens und künftiger Generationen – Fallstudie Öl
Authors: Massarrat Mohssen
Published: March 2017

For decades the world markets are overstocked with products from natural resources. Despite the fact that these resources are exhaustible, their prices rather fall than rise. So far, the prestigious, influential economic schools of today did not seriously treat this paradox. They
rather interpreted the abundance of rare resources with falling prices as the result of the international distribution of labor. As a matter of fact, the politically determined global North-South dual system is responsible for the abundance and wasteful consumption of rare resources at dumping
prices. The term dumping price precisely describes the economic facts, because an important economic cost factor, describing nature as a production factor, does not appear in the present world market prices of exhaustible raw material. In the framework of the dual system the South
is forced to play the role of a supplier of raw material and is furthermore condemned to overproduction through the amalgamation of market mechanisms with the political power and private interests of individual industrial nations of the North. The abundance of raw materials on the world
market is not the result of an excess on our planet, but the result of exaggerated exploitation of the natural resources in the South. 20 per cent of the world population in the North consumes 80 per cent of all raw materials. At the same time 80 per cent of the world population in the
South is about to loose for ever its natural basis of life. The present environmental crisis is therefore in some respects the result of the North-South crisis. New ecological concepts neglecting these interrelations, will have no long-lasting effect, and could even aggravate the global
crisis.