bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
नेपालको सङ्गीत क्षेत्रमा सङ्गीत प्रवीण नरराज ढकालको योगदान (Music expert Nararaj Dhakal's contribution to the music field of Nepal)
Authors: Poudel Shiva Raj
Published: September 2022

नेपाली भूगोलमा बसोबास गर्ने नेपालीहरूको पहिचान बोकेका र प्रचलनमा रहेका सबै सङ्गीतहरू नेपाली सङ्गीत हुन् । लोक, शास्त्रीय, परम्परागत, आधुनिक गरी सबै विधाका सङ्गीतहरू नेपालमा प्रचलित छन् । शास्त्रीय सङ्गीत क्षेत्रका तपोमूर्ति, सङ्गीतमा सबैको प्रेरणाका स्रोत सङ्गीत प्रवीण नरराज ढकाल प्रायः सबैले सम्मानपूर्वक लिने नाम हो । यस अध्ययनमार्फत उहाँको साङ्गीतिक योगदानलाई अझ नजिकबाट नियाल्ने लक्ष्य लिइएको छ । यस विषयको अध्ययन तथा विश्लेषण गुणात्मक विधिद्वारा गरिएको छ । जस अन्तर्गत उहाँलाई सबै भन्दा नजिकबाट चिन्ने र जानकारी राख्ने व्यक्तित्वहरूको समूह (पारिवारिक सदस्यसंगको प्रत्यक्ष अन्तरवार्ता) मा गरिएको गहिरो छलफललाई अध्ययनको प्राथमिक स्रोतका रूपमा प्रयोग गरिएको छ । साथै उहाँका छापिएका कृति तथा योगदानलाई अध्ययनको सहायक स्रोतको रूपमा प्रयोग गरिएको छ । प्राप्त तथ्यहरूको विश्लेषण गर्दा सङ्गीत प्रवीण नरराज ढकाल सङ्घर्षपूर्ण जीवनका खुड्किलाहरू पार गर्दै, सिमित साधन र स्रोतबाट पनि नेपालको सङ्गीत क्षेत्रलाई धनि बनाउन ठूलो योगदान गर्ने व्यक्तित्व भएको पाइएको छ । उहाँ शास्त्रीय सङ्गीतमा मात्रै नभएर लोक तथा आधुनिक गीत सङ्गीतमा पनि दख्खल रहेको बहुप्रतिभाशाली व्यक्तित्व रहेको पनि पाइएको छ । यस अध्ययनबाट प्राप्त परिणामका आधारमा यस लेखले नेपालका शास्त्रीय सङ्गीतका स्रष्टाहरू मध्ये सङ्गीत प्रवीण नरराज ढकालको योगदान बारे थप जानकारी प्राप्त गर्न सक्नेछन् ।
(All the popular music that carries the identity of Nepali people living in Nepali geography is Nepali music. Folk, classical, traditional, modern music of all genres are popular in Nepal. The icon of classical music, the source of inspiration for everyone in music, Musician Praveen Narraj Dhakal is a name that is respected by almost everyone. The aim of this study is to take a closer look at his musical contribution. The study and analysis of this subject has been done by qualitative method. Under which the in-depth discussion conducted with a group of personalities who know him most closely and have information (direct interviews with family members) has been used as the primary source of the study. Also, his published works and contributions have been used as auxiliary sources of study. Analyzing the facts, it has been found that the music expert Narraj Dhakal, overcoming the pitfalls of his life, has contributed greatly to enriching the music sector of Nepal even with limited means and resources. It has been found that he is a multi-talented personality who is proficient not only in classical music but also in folk and modern song music. Based on the results obtained from this study, this article can get more information about the contribution of Music Praveen Narraj Dhakal, one of the classical music creators of Nepal.)
The Historical Context and Present Scenario of Madal
Authors: Poudel Parsuram Prasad
Published: September 2022

Madal is a two-faced hand drum used in Nepali music. It is also well-known throughout the world as a percussion instrument commonly employed in Nepali traditional music. In terms of its structure and playing style, limited works of literature and treatise have mentioned some rhythmic instruments akin to the madal. The origins of the madal have been linked to ancient instruments such as the mridanga, mardal, and muraj. The evolving trend of this musical instrument has been thoroughly examined in this study. The sources of information for this study were textual reviews and field trip notes. Furthermore, the researcher has also reviewed some research studies focusing on the caste and communities associated with madal. As a result, the current study is intended to be a valuable resource for people interested in learning more about madal. Similarly, this study has underlined the importance of madal in the current global context.
Reconciliation of Cross cultural Tension in Chinua Achebe’s Marriage is a Private Affair
Authors: Neupane Dipesh
Published: September 2022

Cross cultural tension is one of the major themes in Chinua’s Achebe’s novels and short stories. The writer projects the same theme in his story - Marriage is a Private Affair in the context of Nigerian, African culture and tradition. This paper explores the generation gap between old and new owing to the effect of globalization, and its subsequent resolution and reconciliation. Cultural tension or conflict arises in a family or a society when new generation ruptures the old prevalent traditions. This article centers on how the Main Protagonist of the story Nnemeka, being influenced with modern culture, establishes the cultural bridge through inter-caste or inter-racial marriage, thereby challenging the old Nigerian, African tradition. Marriage is a social custom and it often occurs on the conventions of society in which people are brought up. When a person breaks the convention, it generates the conflict or tension in family and society. However, reconciliation is inevitable in the ultimate state as there is no way out. The paper conceptualizes the theoretical concept of cultural studies adopted by Stuart Hall in the light of fictional dramatization. His theory of Cultural construction refers to the elements of social and cultural characteristics as mere constructs invented by society This research attempts to answer: how does the growing globalization affect cultural taboos and rituals on Nigerian, African marital culture? The growing trend of globalization even interferes marriage custom as depicted in the Story- Marriage is a Private Affair.
Analisa Efektivitas Iklan PHD dengan Metode Customer Response Index
Authors: Warpindyastuti Lady Diana
Published: September 2022

Abstrak  - Iklan merupakan salah satu bentuk komunikasi pemasaran, namun perusahaan perlu mengetahui seberapa efektivitas iklan yang ditayangkan sehingga pesan yang ingin disampaikan perusahaan dapat diterima oleh masyarakat. PHD mengeluarkan iklan baru di televisi saat Pandemi terjadi dengan maksud untuk kegiatan promosi dan memberikan informasi ke konsumen. Untuk itulah penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas iklan PHD yang ditayangkan di televisi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan model CRI (Customer Response Index). Perhitungan nilai CRI diperoleh dari perhitungan perkalian dimensi-dimensi CRI yaitu, kesadaran (awareness), pemahaman (comprehend), ketertarikan (interest), niat (intentions), dan tindakan (action). Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 120 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pertimbangan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling adalah para responden yang memiliki televisi dan sering menonton acara di televisi. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa iklan PHD yang ditayangkan di televisi kurang efektif karena setelah dihitung nilai CRI dari iklan PHD ini hanya 7,5% saja. Rendahnya nilai CRI ini disebabkan oleh beberapa hal antara lain, iklan PHD jarang ditayangkan di televisi, iklan PHD tidak jelas, gambar pada iklan PHD tidak menarik, model yang digunakan dalam iklan PHD kurang menarik dan masyarakat sudah setia dengan merek yang lain. Kata Kunci: Komunikasi pemasaran, Iklan, Model CRI.
Performance Management of Strategic Sourcing Process: A Case of the Footwear Industry
Authors: Nazar Nimra , Raza Syed Hassan , Rehman Khaliq Ur , Rasmish Asher
Published: September 2022

The paper focuses on strategic sourcing in the upstream supply chain of the footwear industry in Pakistan. It intends to explore the drivers and enablers of strategic sourcing and how the performance of these sources is measured. The study develops a framework for the Performance Measurement (PM) of Strategic Sourcing process. The research has been undertaken using the qualitative research methodology and is a case study of the footwear supply chain in Pakistan. The data is collected through semi-structured interviews, direct field observation, and related documents. The paper contributes to finding out the current practices to measure the performance of strategic sourcing and developing the criteria to measure strategic sourcing, especially in the footwear industry of Pakistan. Eleven approaches are proposed based on a case that will result in better prospects for supply chain development and strategic sourcing in the Pakistani footwear industry. The framework will serve as a guide for developing strategies for strategic sourcing. No previous study has been done in this region concerning strategic sourcing performance. Since this is a single case study, it cannot be statistically generalized. Analytical generalizations have been made nonetheless.
Potential Use of Plasma Sprayed Heating Coatings in Die Casting and Injection Molding
Authors: Gor S. , Hohlweck T. , Fritsche D. , Schacht A. , Wolff N. , Pustal B. , Heinemann H. , Bührig-Polaczek A. , Hopmann C. , Bobzin K.
Published: September 2022

In metal die casting as well as plastic injection molding, controlling the heat balance during the injection and solidification process can lead to fewer defects and a better component quality. An appropriate cooling channel design for the mold can help to control the solidification to a certain extent. But the heat control achievable by cooling channels is limited due to the high effective thermal mass, and therefore near-cavity energy input is of interest. In this paper, a simulation study is performed demonstrating the use of plasma sprayed ceramic coating as a heating coating at the cavity of the mold. The goal is to apply heat faster and locally focused during the solidification process in metal die casting as well as before the injection phase in plastic injection molding. The heat generation of these ceramic coatings is modelled using experimentally measured values and the effects of this approach on defects such as distortion and hot tearing is discussed.
Strategies and Analyses for Robot Trajectory Optimization in Thermal and Kinetic Spraying
Authors: Wu H. , Liu S. , Lewke M. , Li W. , Raoelison R.-N. , List A. , Gärtner F. , Liao H. , Klassen T. , Deng S.
Published: September 2022

Applications in thermal and kinetic spraying increasingly aim for coating of parts with complex geometries. So far, respective robot programming for the required path during deposition is usually adjusted individually in time-consuming procedures. Thus, it is essential to develop methods that allow a fast adaptation to part geometries and production conditions as well as possible quality control. To tackle these problems, this work addresses novel strategies for robot programming and post-spray analyses. The design of the method and workflow follows routes of smart manufacturing and should enable fast and accurate implementation into spray procedures. Here, the developed application can handle complex parts of arbitrary geometry in the form of CAD files. Supported features include (i) cutting the objects according to the object boundary, (ii) creating self-intersecting curves, (iii) generating a set of index-sequence-based spatial discrete points and (iv) reordering the discrete points to generate adaptive paths. Robot offline programming allows for process simulation, analysis and optimization of the robot kinematics. By optical scanning profilometry, the layer-by-layer deposit build-up could be monitored for quality control, as well as for the determination of the final overall coating thickness. The entire procedure was tested by cold spraying onto a complex workpiece, validating the capability of the proposed strategy. Based on the universal layout of the applied methods, the strategies can also be applied for thermal spraying in general, considering individual boundary conditions. With respect to cold spraying, the implementation framework of this study provides a good basis for part repair and additive manufacturing.
Effect of Compressed Air Flow Rate on the Microstructure and Properties of NiCoCrAlYTa Coatings Via a Novel HVOAF Process Fueled with Ethanol
Authors: Liu S. , Wu H. , Yu Z. , Xie S. , Arab Pour Yazdi M. , Moliere M. , Liao H.
Published: September 2022

In this work, a novel HVOAF process fueled with ethanol was employed to prepare NiCoCrAlYTa coatings on AISI 304 stainless steel substrate. To be able to add compressed air into the torch, it was designed to add a second-stage combustion chamber. Thereafter, investigations were carried out to determine the influence of different compressed air flow rates on the evolution of the microstructure and properties of the resulting NiCoCrAlYTa coatings. The phase composition, microstructure, porosity, microhardness, bond strength and wear resistance of the as-sprayed coatings have been studied in detail. The results reveal that the compressed air flow rate has a substantial effect on the coating's microstructure. The addition of compressed air also contributes to reduce the degree of oxidation of the coating, which could be attributable to a decrease in the temperature of the flying particles and an increase in their velocity. Although the use of compressed air diminishes the coating's bonding strength, it still has some elevated strength. Furthermore, the injection of compressed air improves the coating's sliding wear resistance dramatically. SEM and EDS were used to investigate the sliding wear mechanism of the coating. Detailed correlation between the compressed air flow rates and the coating properties are elaborated to identify the coatings exhibiting optimum performances.
Influence of the Process Parameters on the Electrical Resistance of Mullite Coatings
Authors: Bobzin K. , Wietheger W. , Burbaum E. , Radermacher K.
Published: September 2022

Various alumina-based materials are applied to achieve different electrical insulation properties based on the variation of the material specific relative permittivity. Thermally sprayed mullite (Al2O3 · SiO2) can form an amorphous phase due to the high cooling rates of the process. The formation of amorphous phases causes a change in the capacitive behaviour of the coatings. The tendency to form amorphous areas can be influenced by the composition of the feedstock material or coating parameters. On the one hand, mullite coatings based on two different Al2O3 to SiO2 ratios are investigated. On the other hand, a parameter variation is used to achieve various particle temperatures during the process. The coatings are investigated via X-ray diffraction and DSC for phase formation, electron microscopy for coating structure and impedance spectroscopy for measuring the AC-resistance. The conducted variation of the feedstock material as well as the parameters causes differences in the XRD and DSC measurements correlating with a difference in the amounts of amorphous phases. For the capacitive behaviour, coatings applied with hydrogen as process gas showed decreased AC-resistance values. The chemical composition of the feedstock material indicates that the AC-resistance decreases with increasing amounts of SiO2. In summary, mullite has promising insulation properties which can be modified by the feedstock material composition as well as the coating parameters. For future application, mullite is a promising candidate for increasing the electrical insulation properties in conditions under high electrical and mechanical demands.
Thermal Spraying of a Novel Nickel-Free High Strength and Corrosion Resistant Austenitic Steel
Authors: Mohr A. , Schwabe O. , Ernst K. , Hill H. , Kluge P.
Published: September 2022

Stainless austenitic steels like the 316L (1.4404) are widely applied in various applications and were also used for surface protection using thermal spraying. The reason for this is the easy processability and the high corrosion resistance. Stainless austenitic steels typically contain the following alloying elements: The formation of an austenitic microstructure is achieved by nickel (Ni). The addition of chromium (Cr) lead to good corrosion resistance due to formation of an oxide layer. For resistance against pitting corrosion, molybdenum (Mo) can be added. Also, stainless austenites usually exhibit very low carbon and nitrogen contents to prevent chromium carbides and nitrides which reduces the corrosion resistance. However, both alloying elements cannot be classified as being detrimental in stainless austenites in general. In contrast high nitrogen contents can also be used to improve the chemical properties, especially the resistance against pitting corrosion. Finally, carbon and nitrogen lead to an increase in hardness of the thermal sprayed layer. Based on this knowledge, a high-strength austenite for thermal spraying was developed. The new high strength austenite was processed by HVAF spraying with different particle distributions and parameter variations. Resulting coatings were investigated regarding the microstructure, elemental composition, hardness and corrosion properties in comparison to the standard coating material 316L.
Characterization of the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behaviour of Submicron WC-12Co Coatings Produced by CGS and HVAF Compared with Sintered Bulk Material
Authors: Cinca N. , Lavigne O. , Koivuluoto H. , Dosta S. , Conze S. , Hoehn S. , Drehmann R. , Kim C. , Matikainen V. , Silva F. S. , Jafari R. , Tarrés E. , Benedetti A.V.
Published: September 2022

Both as bulk material and coatings, cemented carbides currently occupy very well-established market niches and exhibit a promising future thanks to the development of compositions and manufacturing parameters. Direct comparisons of the properties of both are found only very rarely in the literature, very likely because the fields of application are complementary to each other but keep mostly separated. The current work is intended to evaluate similarities and differences in terms of microstructure and properties for two submicron WC-12 wt.%Co coatings obtained by High Velocity Air Fuel (HVAF) and Cold Gas Spray (CGS), together with a conventional sintered part. Microstructural features are discussed according to the inherent characteristics of each processing method. This covers a wide range in terms of the mechanical and thermal stresses acting on the material. While in CGS, the impacting particles do not melt, but experience extremely high plastic strain rates, the cobalt matrix is fully molten in the conventional sintering process, allowing time enough for diffusion processes. HVAF is to be placed in between, since the deposition process is characterized by a moderate heat input, leading to partial and/or full melting of cobalt, followed by rapid cooling. The microstructure and phases of the deposited coatings and bulk are characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) investigations enable local phase distribution of Co and WC in the samples. The hardness of the alloy processed by the three different routes is investigated as well. Additionally, electrochemical corrosion measurements in NaCl media are presented to evaluate the facility for electrolyte penetration and how the degradation of the material is affected by its inherent microstructure.
Towards Highly Durable High Entropy Alloy (HEA) Coatings Using Flame Spraying
Authors: Kenyi A. , Bhaskaran Nair R. , McDonald A.
Published: September 2022

High entropy alloys (HEAs) constitute a new class of advanced metallic alloys that exhibit exceptional properties due to their unique microstructural characteristics. HEAs contain multiple (five or more) elements in equimolar or nearly equimolar fractions compared to traditional alloy counterparts. Due to their potential benefits, HEAs can be fabricated with thermal spray manufacturing technologies to provide protective coatings for extreme environments. In this study, the AlCoCrFeMoW and AlCoCrFeMoV coatings were successfully developed using flame spraying. The effect of W and V on the HEA coatings were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and micro-hardness testing. Furthermore, performance of the coating under abrasive loading was investigated as per ASTM Standard G65. Microstructural studies showed different oxides with solid-solution phases for all the HEA coatings. Hardness results were higher for the AlCoCrFeMoV coatings followed by AlCoCrFeMoW and AlCoCrFeMo coatings. Lower wear rates were achieved for the AlCoCrFeMoV coatings compared to AlCoCrFeMoW and AlCoCrFeMo coatings. The evolution of multiple oxide phases and underlying microstructural features improved the resistance to abrasive damage for the AlCoCrFeMoV coatings compared to other HEA coatings. These results suggest that the flame-sprayed HEA coatings can be potential candidates for different tribological interfaces while concurrently opening new avenues for HEA coating utilization.
Influence of (Future) Refrigerants on the Cooling of Thermal Spray Equipment
Authors: Mulzer R.
Published: September 2022

This article discusses the influence of refrigerants on the cooling of thermal spray equipment. The discussion covers the cooling requirement for thermal spray equipment, basic cooling systems, improvement and adaptation of refrigerants, challenges for manufacturers and users of cooling technology, and ways to address the challenges.
Investigation on Laser Cladding Processes Using High-Resolution In-Line Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
Authors: Schmidt M. , Gorny S. , Rüssmeier N. , Partes K.
Published: September 2022

Process monitoring and control methods during direct metal deposition (DMD) are used to ensure a consistent manufacturing quality of the process. In the optical regime, naturally occurring process emission provides therefore selective and specific element lines, which can be obtained by optical spectrometers. However, DMD processes are in the heat conduction regime and superimposed broad spectral emissions dominate the wavelength specific signals. The aim of this work is to investigate the occurrence of different elemental lines in DMD processes as well as deposition track cross-sectional dimensions. Therefore, experiments were simultaneously conducted by using a high-resolution spectrometer (resolution = approx. 47 pm FWHM at 522 nm and 55 pm FWHM at 407.5 nm) and a medium resolution spectrometer (resolution = 0.73 nm FWHM), which were coupled by a bifurcated optical fibre. A parameter study of 27 single track DMD experiments using Co-Cr-based (MetcoClad21) powder on low-alloyed tool steel C45W (1.1730) substrate material, varying laser power, scan velocity and powder feed rate was conducted. Series of spectra were obtained for all sets of parameters with a scan rate of 100 Hz. The individual wavelength spectrum was analysed and classified by an algorithm into two types. Type-A spectra, with specific element emission lines and Type-B spectra, without significant emission lines with mostly predominant thermal emission radiation. Each deposition track was coupled to cross-sectional dimensions, including height, welding depth and melted areas. In addition, certain elemental lines contained in Type-A spectra were verified by using data from the NIST atomic spectra database. The investigation indicates that the relative number of Type-A spectra with respect to the total quantity of spectra, correlates significant to the process parameters. All detected and identified element lines occurred to be non-ionised elements, especially Cr I, Fe I and Mn I lines were frequently observed.
Evaluation of the Chromium Carbide Deposited by HVOF for High Pressure Die Casting Molds
Authors: Mayer A. R. , Fals H. D. C. , Lourençato L. A. , Pukasiewicz A. G. M.
Published: September 2022

The demand for energy reduction increases every year. In general, reducing the weight of mechanical components is a direct and efficient way to reduce the energy consumption. Therefore, the automotive industry has been growing its use of low-density alloys, as the cases of aluminum and magnesium. High production rate and dimensional precision are need, which narrows the manufacturing techniques suitable. Among the manufacturing processes, high pressure die casting (HPDC) has shown a viable solution. Nonetheless, every process has gaps for improvement. In the case of HPDC tooling is one of the major costs, being responsible for a significant ratio of the final product price. Whereas many articles are focused on the improvement by the development of new materials and thin coatings for HPDC, there is a lack of thermal spray coatings as solution for the wear problems over HPDC. This paper has the focus on showing the use of Cr3C2 25 NiCr as a coating for the components used for HPDC, mainly the ones submitted to direct contact to the metal in fluid state. The idea is to compare the coating with the substrate regarding to thermal fatigue and verify whether it is a viable solution or not.
Yttria Coatings as Wear Protection Layer in the Semiconductor Industry
Authors: Nicolaus M. , Benedde M. , Möhwald K. , Maier H. J. , Walther R.
Published: September 2022

In the semiconductor industry, plasma etching processes are widely used. Process chamber parts that are located in the plasma etching system are also exposed to the harsh environmental conditions. Thus, parts located close to the process area are typically coated with yttria to increase service life, and thus process performance. However, such yttria coatings are usually porous, and thus can be attacked by fluorine containing plasma. In order to increase the lifetime of the components in the plasma etching system, this research project aimed to improve the protective yttria layer by reducing the porosity of the protective layer. Specifically, a design of experiment was employed in which the porosity was the target value. The main effects of the coating parameters and their interactions including the surface treatment before the coating process were determined. Furthermore, the bonding of the protective coating to the component to be protected, as well as the element distribution and the coating morphology were investigated. The results and their ramifications with respect to the envisaged application will be discussed.
Preparation and Property of Thermal Spraying Aluminum Bronze Polyester Abradable Sealing Coating
Authors: Liu T. , Liu J. , Guo D. , Zhang D.
Published: September 2022

Abradable seal coatings are widely employed in the gas turbine of aero-engine, which not only strength enough to resist the impact of external particles and airflow, but also excellent wear resistance. In the current study, we concentrate on APS sprayed Aluminum Bronze Polyester abradable coating that can be used in turbo engines both for seals and clearance control. A composite thermal spray powder, substantially in the form of clad particles each of which has coarse polyester powders and sub-particles of Cu-Al alloy powders, was prepared using mechanically clad process. Abradable seal coating was prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying. The microstructure, hardness, bonding strength, thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance of coatings were researched. Properties of the coating were able to meet the application requirements. The coating microstructures and phase compositions were evaluated via SEM. The corrosion mechanisms of the coating were compared by analyzing the cross-sectional and top surface microstructures of the as-sprayed and eroded coatings.
Impacts of Nested Variance Components on Semiconductor Electrical Test Sampling
Authors: Potts David , Hildreth Scott , Nair Binod Kumar G.
Published: September 2022

Inline wafer electrical testing (WET) offers an early read on semiconductor manufacturing processes via measurements taken on test structures placed throughout the wafer. Interpreting the data can be challenging, however. In many cases, only a sample of the test sites are monitored in production. Complex manufacturing requirements further complicate the problem because some operations are iteratively executed within subregions across a given wafer, while others are run on the entire wafer at once, and still others are applied to wafers in batches. This results in a nested variance structure under which different physical mechanisms exhibit varying sensitivities to site-to-site, wafer-to-wafer, and lot-to-lot variations. This article uses Monte Carlo simulations to explore the impacts these hierarchical variance components can exert on perceptions of WET performance.
High Speed X-ray Tomography with Submicron Resolution for FA and Reverse Engineering of Packages, PCBs, and 300 mm Wafers
Authors: Lau S.H. , Gul Sheraz , Gelb Jeff , Qin Tianzhu , Zan Guibin , Matusik Katie , Vine David , Lewis Sylvia , Yun Wenbing
Published: September 2022

This article provides an overview of a commercial 3D X-ray system, explaining how it acquires high-resolution images of submicron defects in large intact samples. It presents examples in which the system is used to reveal cracks in thin redistribution layers, voids in organic substrates, and variations in TSV metallization on 300-mm wafers. As the authors explain, each scan can be done in as little as a few minutes regardless of sample size, and the resulting images are clear of the beam hardening artifacts that often cause problems in failure analysis and reverse engineering.
Sport Development Index (SDI) di Kabupaten Pacitan
Authors: Kustiawan Andri Arif
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify the level of community participation, the level of physical fitness, and the level of sports development in Pacitan Regency in terms of the community participation index and physical fitness index in 2020. This study uses a quantitative approach with survey research methods and descriptive evaluation approaches. The research sample was Pacitan District Community with a total of 90 people. Data collection techniques with questionnaire techniques (questionnaire) and test techniques. The validity of the measuring instrument used is a standard set in the Sport Development Index (SDI). The results of the study are as follows. (1) The public participation index is 0.388. The community participation index shows that the level of community participation in sports is included in the low category, (2) the community physical fitness index is 0.351. Community physical fitness index shows that public fitness is included in the low category, (3) the level of sports development in terms of participation and physical fitness of the community is included in the low category with an index of 0.369. Conclusions, participation index, physical fitness, and sports development in Pacitan District are included in the low category.

Keywords: Sport Development Index, Community Participation, Physical Fitness
Aktivitas Fisik Animo Wanita Masa Kini dalam Menurunkan Berat Badan
Authors: Tamher Linda Desrianda , Fitri Mustika , Pitriani Pipit
Published: September 2022

The study aims to determine the influence of physical activity on obese women. The research design used is Pretest-Posttest Two Treatment Design. The subject that followed the study amounted to 22 obese women, divided into 2 groups, aerobic gymnastics and Zumba groups. The study was conducted 3 times a week, for 12 weeks, with the intemsities of 65 – 85% based on the maximum pulse of each subject. The tool used is Omron Karada Scale. The results of this research on aerobic aerobics and Zumba have been the effect of weight loss. Conclusion of this research of physical activity such as aerobic gymnastics and Zumba is able to lose the weight of obese women.

Keyword : Physical Activity, Obese Women, Weight Loss
Persepsi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Olahraga terhadap Perkuliahan Daring Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Yulianingsih Ika , Parlindungan Doby Putro
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study was to determine the perceptions of sports education students towards online lectures during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative by examining the perceptions of students in the Sports Education Faculty of Education, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta. Data collection techniques using surveys through online questionnaires. The number of samples used in the study amounted to 65 students. The results of this study showed the percentage of 92.3% of students agreed with online learning, 6.1% disagreed with and 1.5% disagreed in taking online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. In conclusion, students agree with the existence of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic

Keywords: Perception, Online Lectures, Covid-19 Pandemic
Analisis Instrumen Asesmen Unjuk Kerja pada Pembelajaran PJOK di Sekolah Dasar Kota Cirebon
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu Adhi , Yudha Rivo Panji , Sundari Sri , Praja Handayani Nila
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the validity and reliability and practicality of the performance assessment instruments in PJOK learning in Cirebon City Elementary Schools. This research uses an R&D development model using Borg and Gall analysis which the researcher modifies into three stages of define design and develop. The results of the content validity test were analyzed using the T Score from all aspects assessed by experts which included aspects of the conformity of aspects with indicators, writing, language, and physical appearance, the ideal percentage value of 91% was included in the criteria Very good and worthy of use. The results of the reliability of performance instruments on a small scale use GENOVA analysis, for passing indicators (0.91), dribbling indicators (0.92). The practicality of the instrument analyzed using the T score obtained an average score of 52.33 and from the T score of each rater I (49), rater II (54), and from rater III a T score (54) was obtained and based on the instrument teacher's assessment performance assessment is classified as practical. In conclusion, the performance assessment instrument in PJOK learning that was developed has met the requirements of validity, reliability and practicality, as an evaluation tool that can be used further by teachers of PJOK SD in Cirebon City.

Keywords: Instruments, Performance, PJOK, Valid, Reliable
Tingkat Rasa Percaya Diri Siswa pada Pembelajaran Senam Lantai
Authors: Reza Egi Aldi , Syafei Muhammad Mury , Achmad Irfan Zinat
Published: September 2022

This research aims to determine the level of self-confidence in learning floor exercise for seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Pebayuran, Bekasi Regency. This research is quantitative descriptive. The method used is a survey and data collection techniques using a questionnaire or questionnaire. The population was 273 students with a sample of 74 students using the quota sample. The instrument uses a closed questionnaire included in the rating scale questionnaire. Using a Likert Scale. In the overall research results show the level of front roll confidence in learning floor gymnastics with a percentage of 50%. In conclusion, the level of self-confidence is in the unfavorable category.

Keywords : Level Of Self Confidence, Gymnastics.
Hubungan Kekuatan Otot Lengan dan Koordinasi Mata-Tangan dengan Kemampuan Servis Bawah Bola Voli Siswa
Authors: Ertanto Riko , Supriyadi Muhammad , Syafutra Wawan
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to determine the relationship between arm muscle strength and eye-hand coordination with the ability to serve under volleyball male extracurricular students at Air Satan State Junior High School, Musi Rawas Regency. This research method is a quantitative method with correlational test. The population in this study were male volleyball extracurricular students at Air Satan State Junior High School, Musi Rawas Regency. The sample taken from the total sampling result is 21 students. Data collection techniques using tests and measurements. Data analysis techniques used are normality test, Pearson product moment correlation test and multiple correlation test. The results obtained, 1) there is a significant relationship between arm muscle strength and the ability to serve under volleyball male extracurricular students of Air Satan State Junior High School, Musi Rawas Regency, with rcount = 0.728> rtable = 0.433; 2) there is a significant relationship between eye-hand coordination and

 the ability to serve under volleyball male extracurricular students of Air Satan State Junior High School, Musi Rawas Regency, with rcount = 0.795 > rtable = 0.433; 3) there is a significant relationship between arm muscle strength and eye-hand coordination of male extracurricular students at Air Satan State Junior High School, Musi Rawas Regency, with rcount = 0.871 > rtable = 0.433; 4) there is a significant relationship between arm muscle strength and eye-hand coordination together with the ability to serve under volleyball male extracurricular students of Air Satan State Junior High School, Musi Rawas Regency, with Rcount = 0.798 > Rtable = 0.433, Coefficient of Determination (KD) =63.6%. Conclusion, overall both simple and multiple.

Keywords: Arm Muscle Strength, Lower Service Ability, Eye-Hand Coordination
Pengembangan Model Aktivitas Fisik untuk Meningkatkan Kebugaran Jasmani pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Lestari Inggit Dwi , Rustiadi Tri , Wahyudi Agung
Published: September 2022

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan model model aktivitas fisik untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas; mengkaji kelayakan model aktivitas fisik untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas; mengkaji efektivitas model aktivitas fisik untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development). Model pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Uji efektvitas dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Balapulang dengan sampel berjumlah 20 peserta didik yang diambil secara random sampling. Instrumen untuk menguji efektivitas dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes kesegaran jasmani dari pusat kesegaran jasmani dan rekreasi tahun 2010 untuk anak umur 16-19 tahun. Uji efektifitas menggunakan pre-test dan posttest. Sebelumnya dilakukan uji prasyarat yaitu uji normalitas dan homogenitas. Teknik pengumpulan data pengembangan produk saat validasi ahli menggunakan teknik Delphi. Teknik pengumpulan data uji coba di lapangan (skala kecil dan skala besar) menggunakan angket. Analisis data menggunakan aplikasi software SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; Model pengembangan menggunakan metode ADDIE, yang meliputi lima langkah yaitu tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi, uji efektivitas produk; Model aktivitas fisik selama pandemi bagi peserta didik Sekolah Menengah Atas layak digunakan sebagai panduan aktivitas fisik yang tepat selama pandemi. Penilaian ahli materi rata-rata yaitu sebesar 88,33%, masuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Penilaian ahli media rata-rata sebesar 90,63%, masuk dalam kategori sangat baik; Uji efektivitas menunjukkan bahwa kebugaran jasmani meningkat setelah menggunakan model aktivitas fisik dengan p < 0,05. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa model aktivitas fisik selama pandemi bagi peserta didik Sekolah Menengah Atas efektif terhadap kebugaran jasmani peserta didik.

 Kata kunci: Aktivitas Fisik,  Kebugaran Jasmani, Model, Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching And Learning Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Sejarah
Authors: Isbandiyah Isbandiyah , Sarkowi Sarkowi , Rohana Rohana
Published: September 2022

The research aims to analyze effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model on history learning outcomes at SMK Negeri 1 Lubuklinggau and analyze effectiveness of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model in improving history learning outcomes at SMK Negeri 1 Lubuklinggau. The type of research is a pure experimental research with used pretest-postest group design. The sample the students at X AKL3 as the experimental class with the students X X AKL1 as the control class. The result of data analysis in this research concluded that: (1) Contextual Teaching and Learning model affect the history learning outcomes at SMK Negeri 1 Lubuklinggau; and (2) Contextual Teaching and Learning model are affective in improving the history learning outcomes at SMK Negeri 1 Lubuklinggau.

 

Keywords: history learning outcomes, Contextual Teaching and Learning model (CTL)
Bentuk Pertunjukan Drama Tari Bejoraq
Authors: Kailani Ashwan , Murcahyanto Hary , Mariadah Mariadah
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to to describe the element of performance form and the meaning of the motion of the drama "bejoraq" in the Marong village Praya Timur, Lombok Tengah Regency. There were also data collection techniques carried out in this study by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation. This research was a descriptive qualitative research by taking all samples supporting this study. The data analysis technique used consists of four stages such as data collection data  reduction,  data  display,  and conclusion drawing/ verification The dominant theory used  in this study  was a theory  about the form of art performance that is shown to be shown can be exhibitions, dance, puppets, music, drama, and so on. From the results and discussion it was concluded that the form of  the  Bejoraq  drama  show  has  several  elements  that  strengthen  performances such as motion, costumes, makeup, dialogue, music, stage, lighting, and the theme of the show.

Keywords: Form of Performance, Dance drama, "Bejoraq".
Bentuk Dan Elemen Gerak Tari Dayang-Dayang
Authors: Murcahyanto Hary , Imtihan Yuspianal , Yuliatin Riyana Rizki , Mahyumi Hidriana Sulastri
Published: September 2022

This paper is based on the results of a study aimed at describing the forms of motions and elements of Dayang-dayang dance movements in Lombok Timur Regency. The form of motion in question is a form that is produced from the dancer's body language and the element of motion consists of space, time and energy used. Using a qualitative approach with a focus on the form of motion and the elements of Dayang-dayang dance moves. Data collection uses observation, interviews and study documents analyzed by reducing data, grouping, presenting and summarizing data. The result of this study concluded that the form of Dayang-dayang dance moves consisted of five forms of sedentary motion and three forms of movement while Dayang-dayang dance elements were dominated by upper, middle, and lower levels with slow rhythm toward diagonal, side and front.

Keywords: Forms Of Motion, Elements Of Motion, Dayang-Dayang Dance.
Akulturasi Budaya Lampung Dan Cina Pada Nuwo Tantan Gumanti
Authors: Insani Marzius , M Syaiful , Rachmedita Valensy , Pratama Rinaldo Adi
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

The research aims to find and explore the history and acculturation of Lampung and Chinese in the house of Nuwo Tantan Gumanti. The research method is descriptive and data analysis using descriptive analysis. The results of this research showed that there was cultural acculturation between Lampung and China in the house of Nuwo Tantan Gumanti, including glass with Chinese ornaments such as phoenixes, snakes, butterflies and the colorful glass on the top of the window and above the room door. There are also Chinese scripts that are still clearly visible on the connecting wood and the walls of the house. The roof of Nuwo Tantan Gumanti is different from other houses in Lampung community, because the shape of a pyramid, and the pillars are rectangular and have pegs that are connected to them. From the research results It can be concluded that there is a cultural acculturation between Lampung and China in the Nuwo Tantan Gumanti architecture on several sides of the building.

 Keywords: Acculturation, Architecture, Culture, China, Lampung, Nuwo.
Studi Kasus Teman Sebaya Dalam Pembentukan Gaya Hidup Siswa
Authors: Darwis Arisa , Malik Agung Rinaldy , Burhan Burhan , Marto Hasia
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

This study aims to describe the form of lifestyle, review how peer influence is in shaping the lifestyle and the negative impact of the student's lifestyle. The method in this research is qualitative research using a case study (case study). Sources of data in this study were students of SMA Negeri 1 Makassar who were selected using purposive sampling technique. The results of the study revealed that generally students make their lifestyle an effort to form an image. In addition, students seem extravagant and still depend on their parents in fulfilling their desires. Peers influence the formation of lifestyle through factors of imitation, suggestion, and sympathy. The negative impact in the formation of a lifestyle is a decrease in student achievement and motivation, changes in lifestyle that tend to be materialistic, and the formation of a pragmatic lifestyle. The conclusion of this research is that the influence of peer relations has a big impact on the student's lifestyle, so that it has more negative impacts.

 Keywords: Lifestyles, Peers.
Studi Analisis Awig-Awig Nelayan Lungkak
Authors: Wirasandi Wirasandi , Junaidi Abdul Majid , Zainuddin M , Hamidy Rasyid Ridho , Murcahyanto Hary
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the form of attachment of Awig-awig, the fishing community of Lungkak village to the use of natural resources. The method used is descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this research is the fishing community of Lungkak village. The results showed that the Awig-awig of the Lungkak community had an attachment in terms of life as a fisherman with local rules or customary rules that were made on the basis of the togetherness of the Lungkak community with people outside the Lungkak hamlet area, the form of attachment Awig-awig was in consultation with the people around the village. Outer Cape. The conclusion of the study shows that the role of Awig-awig in lungkak fishermen is something that has become a separate entity in the lifestyle of lungkak fishermen from time to time which is always used as a standard of living for lungkak fishermen. 

 

Keywords: Analysis, Awig-awig, Lungkak Village
Pendidikan Karakter melalui Tradisi Ngebuyu sebagai Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Lampung Pesisir
Authors: Lestari Nur Indah , Pratama Rinaldo Adi , Perdana3 Yusuf , Sumargono Sumargono
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the character education of the Lampung Pesisir community through the tradition of ngebuyu local wisdom. This research method is a type of qualitative research using an ethnographic approach that describes the local culture of the Lampung Coastal Kalianda community, namely Ngebuyu. The results show that local culture contains character education values ​​that are important to be transformed to the younger generation. One such culture is the Negbuyu tradition. The Ngebuyu tradition is a tradition carried out by the people of Coastal Lampung in the Kalianda area, South Lampung Regency. The Lampung Coastal community or commonly referred to in the local language as 'Ulun Lampung Saibatin' has a ritual in welcoming the birth of a baby, the ritual or tradition is called Ngebuyu. The conclusion of the research on the character education of the ngebuyu tradition by internalizing cultural values ​​in history learning can attract students' interest in learning history and make history learning more meaningful.

 

Keywords: Character Education, Ngebuyu Tradition, Local Wisdom
Plágio: cópia de um ou de todos? A construção da autoria em sala de aula
Authors: Paraguassú Alita Carvalho Miranda , Vilhena Pereira Elaine Camargo
Published: September 2022

O objetivo dessa pesquisa, fundamentada teoricamente na Análise do Discurso francesa, é compreender como as práticas de escrita utilizadas pelos professores nas salas de aulas do ensino básico da escola pública tem colaborado, ou não, para o apagamento da autoria dos alunos por meio da naturalização da cópia. Por meio de uma pesquisa-ação foram realizadas observações, com notas de campo, em uma escola pública, na região metropolitana de Goiânia, durante as aulas de Língua Portuguesa em uma turma do ensino médio. Como proposta de intervenção foram realizados ateliês de leitura e escrita sobre cópia, paráfrase e polissemia. A partir de tais ações, foi possível observar a participação dos aspectos sociais, culturais e afetivos na constituição da autoria. Esperamos que este estudo possa contribuir para a melhoria do processo de ensino e aprendizagem nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa e para a formação de alunos-autores.