bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Community-Integrated Model of Samrakshan on Perinatal Mortality and Morbidity in Guna District of Central India
Authors: Sharma Lalit K. , Choorakuttil Rijo M. , Jadon Dhirendra Singh , Nirmalan Praveen K.
Published: December 2022

Aim The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the community-integrated Samrakshan model on perinatal mortality and morbidity in the Guna district of Central India

Methods The trimester-specific Samrakshan protocols were used to screen pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy and to stratify risk for preterm preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in the screened population. Low-dose aspirin was recommended for women identified at high risk in the first trimester screening. Fifty training programs were conducted over the duration of the program for district health workers including Anganwadi workers, Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) personnel, and women and child health staff. Data on the development of PE, stages of FGR, preterm births (PTBs), birthweight, neonatal mortality, and perinatal mortality were collected and compared with the baseline year to assess trends.

Results The program covered 168 Anganwadi centers and screened 1,021 women in the first trimester, 870 women in the second trimester, and 811 women in the third trimester of pregnancy from 2019 to 2022 and obtained details on childbirth outcomes from 1,219 women. PE did not occur in 71.58% of pregnant women identified at high risk for PE and occurred in only 2.37% of pregnant women identified at low risk for PE. The incidence of PE reduced from 9.36 to 1.61%, stage 1 FGR from 18.71 to 11.83%, PTB from 19.49 to 11.25%, and birthweight less than 2,500 g from 33.66 to 21.46% from 2019 to 2022. The neonatal mortality rate reduced from 26 to 7.47/1,000 live births from 2019 to 2022 and the perinatal mortality rate reduced from 33.90 to 18.87/1,000 childbirths from 2019 to 2022 in the Samrakshan program area at Guna.

Conclusion The community-integrated model of Samrakshan in the Guna district has led to a significant reduction in perinatal morbidity and mortality in the program area.
A Comparison of Postoperative Pain and Narcotic Prescriptions in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty Electively or for Femoral Neck Fracture
Authors: Fisher Nina D. , Oakley Christian , Arraut Jerry , Rozell Joshua C. , Egol Kenneth A. , Schwarzkopf Ran
Published: December 2022

The opioid epidemic has forced orthopaedic surgeons to reevaluate prescribing patterns and led hospitals to develop postoperative opioid-sparing protocols for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of this study was to investigate patient-reported pain and narcotic requirements in patients undergoing THA for fracture (F-THA) or nonfracture diagnoses (THA-E). A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who underwent primary THA at a single academic institution between January 2013 and December 2020. Patients with postoperative opioid prescription and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score data were included. Patients who underwent primary THA with a diagnosis of femoral neck fracture (THA-F) were matched 1:1 with patients without primary fracture diagnoses (THA-E) using nearest-neighbor propensity-score matching. Operative time, length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition, 90-day readmission rates, 90-day opioid prescription amounts (quantified by morphine milligram equivalents [MME]), and daily postoperative VAS pain scores (averaged over 24-hour periods) were compared. A total of 8,714 patients met inclusion criteria (THA-E: 8,362; THA-F: 352). The THA-F group was older and had a higher proportion of females and a lower mean body mass index than the THA-E group. There were 331 THA-F patients successfully matched to 331 THA-E patients. Operative time (113.6 ± 41.3 vs. 914.9 ± 32.6 minutes, p < 0.001) and LOS (2.90 ± 2.82 vs. 2.32 ± 1.44 days, p < 0.001) were longer in fracture patients. The THA-F demonstrated equivalent pain scores at 0 to 24 and 48 to 72 hours postoperatively but had slightly higher pain scores at 24 to 48 hours postoperatively (4.04 ± 1.67 vs. 3.71 ± 1.65, p = 0.028). Ninety-day opioid prescriptions were higher in the THA-E group (median [interquartile range], 150.0 [93.3–300.0] vs. 100.0 [40.0–200.0] MME, p = 0.034). In multivariate regression, a diagnosis of fracture was not associated with changes in MME administration. Patients undergoing primary THA electively and for femoral neck fractures can expect similar postoperative pain scores, though fracture patients may require less narcotics postoperatively. All patients should continue to be counseled preoperatively on the dangers and side effects of prolonged opioid use.
Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case Series
Authors: Christopher Navya , Periaswamy Gopinath , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , Mangalakumar V. , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew
Published: December 2022

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is the rare but most severe form of antiphospholipid syndrome with multiple organ ischemia developing over a short period of time. CAPS should be considered when imaging suggests an acute and concurrent multiorgan ischemia, associated with positive antiphospholipid antibodies. As CAPS can have fulminant irreversible complications, its early recognition is important to initiate the treatment promptly. We present three patients of CAPS who were managed at our institution.
Association between Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Congenital Anomalies in the United States
Authors: Bhatt Parth , Ampem-Darko Cecilia , Cudjoe Grace Annan , Parmar Narendrasinh , Oredein Igbagbosanmi , Asiama Adwoa O. , Patel Jenil , Pemmasani Sahithi , Linga Vijay Gandhi , Donda Keyur , Doshi Harshit , Dapaah-Siakwan Fredrick
Published: December 2022

Objective Studies exploring the relationship between neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and congenital anomalies (CA) in the United States are limited given the small sample size or data prior to the opioid epidemic. We aimed to determine if there is an association between NAS and CA in a nationally representative cohort of newborn hospitalization in the United States.

Study Design This was a cross-sectional analysis of NAS-related hospitalizations within the 2016 Kids Inpatient Database. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10-CM) diagnostic codes were used to identify NAS hospitalizations and those with and without CA. The primary outcome was the odds of CAs in NAS hospitalizations. Multivariate survey logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between NAS and CA.

Results Among 3.7 million newborn hospitalizations, 25,394 had NAS (6.7 per 1,000). The prevalence of any CA was higher in those with NAS when compared with non-NAS hospitalizations (10.3 vs. 4.9%; odds ratio = 2.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.13–2.43). Adjusted analysis showed similar results (adjusted odds ratio: = 1.83, CI: 1.71–1.95). NAS hospitalizations with CA had a higher mortality rate (0.6 vs 0.04%, p < 0.0001) and higher resource use.

Conclusion This nationwide study shows that NAS may be associated with increased odds of CAs, suggesting that NAS may be a risk factor for increased morbidity in the newborn period.

Key points
Unplanned Extubations in Pediatric Critical Care: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Wollny Krista , Williams Cameron B. , Al-Abdwani Raghad , Cartelle Carol , Macartney Jason , Frndova Helena , Chin Norbert , Parshuram Christopher
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to quantify associations between the risk of unplanned extubation and patient-, environment-, and care-related factors in pediatric critical care and to compare outcomes between children who did and did not experience an unplanned extubation. This is a retrospective case–control analysis including patients <18 years who experienced an unplanned extubation during intensive care unit (ICU) admission (2004–2014). Cases were matched by age, duration of mechanical ventilation, and date to control patients (4:1) who were intubated but did not experience an unplanned extubation. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between unplanned extubations and the abstracted characteristics. We identified 1,601 eligible controls matched to 458 case patients. When adjusted for confounders, eight variables were associated with unplanned extubation: three patient-related factors (previous ICU admission, previous intubation, and the volume of secretions); one environment-related factor (patient room setup); and four care-related factors (intubation route, and the use of sedation, muscle relaxation, and restraints). Patients who had an unplanned extubation had longer length of stay, but lower rate of mortality. This is the largest case–control study identifying variables associated with unplanned extubation in pediatric critical care. Several are potentially modifiable and may provide opportunities to improve quality of care in controlled ICU environments.
Tailoring anomalous Hall effect by spin–orbit coupling in epitaxial Au/Fe4N bilayers
Authors: Li Hongwei , Wu Shuxiang , Li Dan , Wang Gaili , Hu Ping , Li Shuwei
Published: December 2022

Anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is one of the most fascinating topics in condensed matter physics related to spin–orbit coupling (SOC). In this paper, we report on the AHE of high-quality epitaxial Au/Fe4N bilayer films, which were grown by a plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy system. A scaling involving multiple competing scattering mechanisms and a shunting model were adopted to analyze the AHE in detail. Compared with Fe4N single layers and Cu/Fe4N bilayers, the AHE of Au/Fe4N bilayers is dramatically modified by strong SOC of the Au layer. Analysis has shown that aside from extra scatterings from Au atoms that diffused from an Au layer to a Fe4N layer, both spin Hall effect of Au and magnetic proximity effect near the Au/Fe4N interface contribute to the modification of the AHE. Variation of coercivity with the change of current, which could be attributed to spin–orbit torque, implies that the measured AHE is a combination of the AHE of Fe4N and strong SOC of Au.
Wealth distribution for agents with spending propensity, interacting over a network
Authors: Muñoz Víctor
Published: December 2022

Wealth distribution in an economic system is studied by means of an agent model, where agents have a certain spending propensity and they interact over a given network. When the network is random, or scale-free (∼k−α) with α below 1, approximately, results are equivalent to having all agents allowed to interact with any other agent. However, values of α>1 affect both the wealth distribution and the behavior at the tail. These results hold both in the absence of spending propensity and when the spending propensity follows a power-law. Results suggest that Pareto’s law is a very robust phenomenon with respect to the details of the connectivity of the agents and that the ubiquity of Pareto’s law in actual systems may have implications on the topological properties of the underlying networks of interaction.
Memory in aging colloidal gels with time-varying attraction
Authors: Chen Yihao , Zhang Qingteng , Ramakrishnan Subramanian , Leheny Robert L.
Published: December 2022

We report a combined rheology, x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, and modeling study of gel formation and aging in suspensions of nanocolloidal spheres with volume fractions of 0.20 and 0.43 and with a short-range attraction whose strength is tuned by changing temperature. Following a quench from high temperature, where the colloids are essentially hard spheres, to a temperature below the gel point, the suspensions form gels that undergo aging characterized by a steadily increasing elastic shear modulus and slowing, increasingly constrained microscopic dynamics. The aging proceeds at a faster rate for stronger attraction strength. When the attraction strength is suddenly lowered during aging, the gel properties evolve non-monotonically in a manner resembling the Kovacs effect in glasses, in which the modulus decreases and the microscopic dynamics become less constrained for a period before more conventional aging resumes. Eventually, the properties of the gel following the decrease in attraction strength converge to those of a gel that has undergone aging at the lower attraction strength throughout. The time scale of this convergence increases as a power law with the age at which the attraction strength is decreased and decreases exponentially with the magnitude of the change in attraction. A model for gel aging in which particles attach and detach from the gel at rates that depend on their contact number reproduces these trends and reveals that the non-monotonic behavior results from the dispersion in the rates that the populations of particles with different contact number adjust to the new attraction strength.
Phase separation and dynamical arrest of protein solutions dominated by short-range attractions
Authors: Hansen Jan , Moll Carolyn J. , López Flores Leticia , Castañeda-Priego Ramón , Medina-Noyola Magdaleno , Egelhaaf Stefan U. , Platten Florian
Published: December 2022

The interplay of liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) and dynamical arrest can lead to the formation of gels and glasses, which is relevant for such diverse fields as condensed matter physics, materials science, food engineering, and the pharmaceutical industry. In this context, protein solutions exhibit remarkable equilibrium and non-equilibrium behaviors. In the regime where attractive and repulsive forces compete, it has been demonstrated, for example, that the location of the dynamical arrest line seems to be independent of ionic strength, so that the arrest lines at different ionic screening lengths overlap, in contrast to the LLPS coexistence curves, which strongly depend on the salt concentration. In this work, we show that the same phenomenology can also be observed when the electrostatic repulsions are largely screened, and the range and strength of the attractions are varied. In particular, using lysozyme in brine as a model system, the metastable gas–liquid binodal and the dynamical arrest line as well as the second virial coefficient have been determined for various solution conditions by cloud-point measurements, optical microscopy, centrifugation experiments, and light scattering. With the aim of understanding this new experimental phenomenology, we apply the non-equilibrium self-consistent generalized Langevin equation theory to a simple model system with only excluded volume plus short-range attractions, to study the dependence of the predicted arrest lines on the range of the attractive interaction. The theoretical predictions find a good qualitative agreement with experiments when the range of the attraction is not too small compared with the size of the protein.
Carbon K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of liquid alcohols from quantum chemical calculations of liquid structures obtained by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Nagasaka Masanari
Published: December 2022

For reproducing the carbon K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of liquid alcohols, inner-shell quantum chemical calculations based on the Hartree–Fock method were performed with the snapshots of the liquid structures obtained by molecular dynamics simulations. The C K-edge inner-shell spectrum of liquid ethanol (EtOH) was obtained by the summation of one thousand calculated spectra of EtOH molecules including neighbor EtOH molecules within the CH2–CH2 distance of 6 Å. For the C K-edge inner-shell spectrum of liquid methanol (MeOH), we have calculated one thousand spectra of MeOH molecules including neighbor MeOH molecules within the CH3–CH3 distance of 6 Å. The calculated C K-edge inner-shell spectra of liquid alcohols well reproduced the spectral shapes of the experimentally obtained x-ray absorption spectra and the spectral changes from gas to liquid phases.
Numerical investigation of wall effects on combustion noise from a lean-premixed hydrogen/air low-swirl flame
Authors: Nagao Jun , Pillai Abhishek Lakshman , Shoji Takeshi , Tachibana Shigeru , Yokomori Takeshi , Kurose Ryoichi
Published: December 2022

A hybrid computational fluid dynamics (CFD)/computational aero-acoustics (CAA) approach, in which large-eddy simulation (LES) and APE-RF (solution of the acoustic perturbation equations for reacting flows) are employed for the CFD and CAA, respectively, calling it the hybrid LES/APE-RF approach, is used to analyze the influence of a wall on the combustion noise from a lean-premixed gaseous hydrogen/air low-swirl turbulent jet flame. The wall boundary conditions pertaining to the APE-RF system are formulated to account for acoustic reflection from the wall. The results show that the sound pressure level (SPL) spectrum obtained from the LES/APE-RF is in good agreement with that measured in the experiment. In the LES/APE-RF, the SPL spectrum of combustion noise with the wall plate explicitly changes compared to that without the wall plate. Specifically, the presence of the wall plate tends to ease the peaks that appeared in the case without the wall plate and create a nearly constant SPL within a specific frequency band. The analysis of the heat release rate fluctuation reveals that these phenomena are caused by the absence of a single periodic oscillation of heat release rate. The presence of the wall plate creates an asymmetric flow around the flame and distorts the flame structure, thereby altering the flame fluctuation phenomena.
A probabilistic microkinetic modeling framework for catalytic surface reactions
Authors: Kumar Aditya , Chatterjee Abhijit
Published: December 2022

We present a probabilistic microkinetic modeling (MKM) framework that incorporates the short-ranged order (SRO) evolution for adsorbed species (adspecies) on a catalyst surface. The resulting model consists of a system of ordinary differential equations. Adsorbate–adsorbate interactions, surface diffusion, adsorption, desorption, and catalytic reaction processes are included. Assuming that the adspecies ordering/arrangement is accurately described by the SRO parameters, we employ the reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) method to extract the relevant local environment probability distributions and pass them to the MKM. The reaction kinetics is faithfully captured as accurately as the kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) method but with a computational time requirement of few seconds on a standard desktop computer. KMC, on the other hand, can require several days for the examples discussed. The framework presented here is expected to provide the basis for wider application of the RMC-MKM approach to problems in computational catalysis, electrocatalysis, and material science.
Ion-atom-atom three-body recombination: From the cold to the thermal regime
Authors: Mirahmadi Marjan , Pérez-Ríos Jesús
Published: December 2022

We present a study on ion–atom–atom reaction A + A + B+ in a wide range of systems and collision energies ranging from 100 μK to 105 K, analyzing two possible products: molecules and molecular ions. The dynamics is performed via a direct three-body formalism based on a classical trajectory method in hyperspherical coordinates developed in Pérez-Ríos et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 140, 044307 (2014)]. Our chief finding is that the dissociation energy of the molecular ion product acts as a threshold energy, separating the low- and high-energy regimes. In the low-energy regime, the long-range tail of the three-body potential dictates the fate of the reaction and the main reaction product. On the contrary, in the high-energy regime, the short-range of atom–atom and atom–ion interaction potential dominate the dynamics, enhancing molecular formation.
A plant-unique protein BLISTER coordinates with core retromer to modulate endosomal sorting of plasma membrane and vacuolar proteins
Authors: Li Hongbo , Huang Ruihua , Liao Yanglan , Yang Shuhong , Feng Bojin , Qin Hongting , Zhou Jun , Zeng Yonglun , Shen Jinbo , Zhuang Xiaohong , Jiang Liwen , Otegui Marisa S. , Zhang Shengchun , Gao Caiji
Published: December 2022

The retromer is a heteromeric protein complex that localizes to endosomal membranes and drives the formation of endosomal tubules that recycle membrane protein cargoes. In plants, the retromer plays essential and canonical functions in regulating the transport of vacuolar storage proteins and the recycle of endocytosed plasma membrane proteins (PM); however, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of assembly, protein stability, and membrane recruitment of the plant retromer complex remain to be elucidated. In this study, we identify a plant-unique endosomal regulator termed BLISTER (BLI), which colocalizes and associates with the retromer complex by interacting with the retromer core subunits VPS35 and VPS29. Depletion of BLI perturbs the assembly and membrane recruitment of the retromer core VPS26-VPS35-VPS29 trimer. Consequently, depletion of BLI disrupts retromer-regulated endosomal trafficking function, including transport of soluble vacuolar proteins and recycling of endocytosed PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins from the endosomes back to the PM. Moreover, genetic analysis inArabidopsis thalianamutants reveals BLI and core retromer interact genetically in the regulation of endosomal trafficking. Taken together, we identified BLI as a plant-specific endosomal regulator, which functions in retromer pathway to modulate the recycling of endocytosed PM proteins and the trafficking of soluble vacuolar cargoes.
Wdr59 promotes or inhibits TORC1 activity depending on cellular context
Authors: Zhang Yingbiao , Ting Chun-Yuan , Yang Shu , Reich John , Fru Karenne , Lilly Mary A.
Published: December 2022

Target of Rapamycin Complex I (TORC1) is a central regulator of metabolism in eukaryotes that responds to a wide array of negative and positive inputs. The GTPase-activating protein toward Rags (GATOR) signaling pathway acts upstream of TORC1 and is comprised of two subcomplexes. The trimeric GATOR1 complex inhibits TORC1 activity in response to amino acid limitation by serving as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for the TORC1 activator RagA/B, a component of the lysosomally located Rag GTPase. The multi-protein GATOR2 complex inhibits the activity of GATOR1 and thus promotes TORC1 activation. Here we report that Wdr59, originally assigned to the GATOR2 complex based on studies performed in tissue culture cells, unexpectedly has a dual function in TORC1 regulation in
Drosophila
. We find that in the ovary and the eye imaginal disc brain complex, Wdr59 inhibits TORC1 activity by opposing the GATOR2-dependent inhibition of GATOR1. Conversely, in the
Drosophila
fat body, Wdr59 promotes the accumulation of the GATOR2 component Mio and is required for TORC1 activation. Similarly, in mammalian HeLa cells, Wdr59 prevents the proteolytic destruction of GATOR2 proteins Mio and Wdr24. Consistent with the reduced levels of the TORC1-activating GATOR2 complex, Wdr59KOs HeLa cells have reduced TORC1 activity which is restored along with GATOR2 protein levels upon proteasome inhibition. Taken together, our data support the model that the Wdr59 component of the GATOR2 complex functions to promote or inhibit TORC1 activity depending on cellular context.
Cytokine conjugation to enhance T cell therapy
Authors: Liu Yutong , Adu-Berchie Kwasi , Brockman Joshua M. , Pezone Matthew , Zhang David K.Y. , Zhou Jingyi , Pyrdol Jason W. , Wang Hua , Wucherpfennig Kai W. , Mooney David J.
Published: December 2022

Adoptive T cell transfer (ACT) therapies suffer from a number of limitations (e.g., poor control of solid tumors), and while combining ACT with cytokine therapy can enhance effectiveness, this also results in significant side effects. Here, we describe a nanotechnology approach to improve the efficacy of ACT therapies by metabolically labeling T cells with unnatural sugar nanoparticles, allowing direct conjugation of antitumor cytokines onto the T cell surface during the manufacturing process. This allows local, concentrated activity of otherwise toxic cytokines. This approach increases T cell infiltration into solid tumors, activates the host immune system toward a Type 1 response, encourages antigen spreading, and improves control of aggressive solid tumors and achieves complete blood cancer regression with otherwise noncurative doses of CAR-T cells. Overall, this method provides an effective and easily integrated approach to the current ACT manufacturing process to increase efficacy in various settings.
A covalently linked probe to monitor local membrane properties surrounding plasma membrane proteins
Authors: Umebayashi Miwa , Takemoto Satoko , Reymond Luc , Sundukova Mayya , Hovius Ruud , Bucci Annalisa , Heppenstall Paul A. , Yokota Hideo , Johnsson Kai , Riezman Howard
Published: December 2022

Functional membrane proteins in the plasma membrane are suggested to have specific membrane environments that play important roles to maintain and regulate their function. However, the local membrane environments of membrane proteins remain largely unexplored due to the lack of available techniques. We have developed a method to probe the local membrane environment surrounding membrane proteins in the plasma membrane by covalently tethering a solvatochromic, environment-sensitive dye, Nile Red, to a GPI-anchored protein and the insulin receptor through a flexible linker. The fluidity of the membrane environment of the GPI-anchored protein depended upon the saturation of the acyl chains of the lipid anchor. The local environment of the insulin receptor was distinct from the average plasma membrane fluidity and was quite dynamic and heterogeneous. Upon addition of insulin, the local membrane environment surrounding the receptor specifically increased in fluidity in an insulin receptor-kinase dependent manner and on the distance between the dye and the receptor.
Bias field orientation driven reconfigurable magnonics and magnon−magnon coupling in triangular shaped Ni80Fe20 nanodot arrays
Authors: Kumar Mondal Amrit , Majumder Sudip , Kumar Mahato Bipul , Barman Saswati , Otani Yoshichika , Barman Anjan
Published: December 2022

Reconfigurable magnonics have attracted intense interest due to their myriad advantages including energy efficiency, easy tunability and miniaturization of on-chip data communication and processing devices. Here, we demonstrate efficient reconfigurability of spin-wave (SW) dynamics as well as SW avoided crossing by varying bias magnetic field orientation in triangular shaped Ni80Fe20 nanodot arrays. In particular, for a range of in-plane angles of bias field, we achieve mutual coherence between two lower frequency modes leading to a drastic modification in the ferromagnetic resonance frequency. Significant modification in magnetic stray field distribution is observed at the avoided crossing regime due to anisotropic dipolar interaction between two neighbouring dots. Furthermore, using micromagnetic simulations we demonstrate that the hybrid SW modes propagate longer through an array as opposed to the non-interacting modes present in this system, indicating the possibility of coherent energy transfer of hybrid magnon modes. This result paves the way for the development of integrated on-chip magnonic devices operating in the gigahertz frequency regime.
Shape dynamics of N point vortices on the sphere
Authors: Ohsawa Tomoki
Published: December 2022

We give a geometric account of the relative motion or the shape dynamics of N point vortices on the sphere exploiting the

S
O

(
3
)

-symmetry of the system. The main idea is to bypass the technical difficulty of the

S
O

(
3
)

-reduction by first lifting the dynamics from

S

2

to

C

2

. We then perform the

U

(
2
)

-reduction using a dual pair to obtain a Lie–Poisson dynamics for the shape dynamics. This Lie–Poisson structure helps us find a family of Casimirs for the shape dynamics. We further reduce the system by

T

N
−
1

-symmetry to obtain a Poisson structure for the shape dynamics involving fewer shape variables than those of the previous work by Borisov and Pavlov. As an application of the shape dynamics, we prove that the tetrahedron relative equilibria are stable when all of their circulations have the same sign, generalizing some existing results on tetrahedron relative equilibria of identical vortices.
Novel orthorhombic silicane nanosheet as a sensing material for acrolein and propanol—a first-principles investigation
Authors: Nagarajan V , Chandiramouli R
Published: December 2022

Currently, the elemental monolayer materials attracted great interest among the research communities due to their stability, selectivity, and sensitivity towards hazardous vapour or gas molecules. In this research work, we deployed an orthorhombic silicane nanosheet (Ortho-SiNS) as a sensing element to detect acrolein and propanol at ambient conditions. Initially, the structural firmness of Ortho-SiNS is verified with the support of formation energy. Subsequently, the electronic features of the base substrate are discussed using band structure along with projected density of states maps. The estimated energy gap of Ortho-SiNS is found to be 4.179 eV. The interaction behaviour of target air pollutants on Ortho-SiNS is investigated by ascertaining Bader charge transfer, relative band gap changes, and adsorption energy. In the present work, the adsorption energy is calculated in the scope of −0.305 eV to −1.039 eV, which validates the physisorption of acrolein and propanol on Ortho-SiNS. The outcomes recommended that the Ortho-SiNS can be employed as a promising chemical sensor to sense acrolein and propanol molecules from cigarette smoke.
Transmission dynamics of monkeypox virus with treatment and vaccination controls: a fractional order mathematical approach
Authors: Majee Suvankar , Jana Soovoojeet , Barman Snehasis , Kar T K
Published: December 2022

Presently, monkeypox virus infection has spread worldwide in the ongoing outbreak that began in the UK. To study the transmission dynamics of monkeypox, we formulate here a seven-compartmental (five compartments for the human population and two compartments for animals or rodents) fractional-order mathematical model. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the proposed fractional order model are examined here. The basic reproduction number for humans (

R

0

h

) and animals (

R

0

a

) are obtained through the next-generation matrix approach. Depending on the values of

R

0

h

and

R

0

a

, we observed that the fractional order model has three equilibria, namely, monkeypox-free equilibrium, animal-free endemic equilibrium, and endemic equilibrium. Also, the stability of all equilibria is checked in this present article. We found that the model goes through transcritical bifurcation at

R

0

a

=
1

for any values of

R

0

h

and at

R

0

h

=
1

for

R

0

a

<
1

. Best of our knowledge, this is the first work where the fractional order optimal control for monkeypox is formulated and solved considering vaccination and treatment controls. Several feasible parameter values are used in the simulations to visualize and verify the findings, from which the results show that fractional order is more appropriate. Finally, parameters involved in the expression of

R

0

h

and

R

0

a

are scaled using the sensitivity index approach.
Manipulating mid-infrared wavefront through reflective Ge3Sb2Te6 metasurfaces
Authors: Du Zhiqiang , Song Zhengyong
Published: December 2022

Due to the increasing complexity of modern communication systems, the requirements for electromagnetic wave are becoming more and more rigorous. Traditional natural materials are not easy to integrate into tunable systems. Metasurface is a two-dimensional array, and it has a more significant advantage in electromagnetic control and attracts great attention. Here, Ge3Sb2Te6-based metasurfaces are presented to control electromagnetic wavefront by changing the state of Ge3Sb2Te6 in the mid-infrared range. Eight meta-atoms are designed to form linear phase distribution with phase difference of 45° at 74 THz. When Ge3Sb2Te6 is in the amorphous state, the designed meta-atoms have low loss and high reflection. Ge3Sb2Te6 block is designed into a specific structure in a certain way, which realizes deflection of electromagnetic wavefront and vortex beam with orbital angular momentum l = 1 or l = 2. By means of convolution, anomalous reflection is combined with orbital angular momentum to form an anomalously deflected vortex beam. When the state of Ge3Sb2Te6 is crystalline, amplitudes of meta-atoms decrease and linear phase distribution is destroyed. Reflected wave becomes almost mirror reflection wave. Our design may open a pathway to novel types of metasurfaces.
A Note on the Anti-glitch of Magnetar SGR 1935+2154
Authors: Tong H.
Published: December 2022

The magnetar SGR 1935+2154 is reported to have an anti-glitch, accompanied by fast radio bursts, and transient pulsed radio emission. In the wind braking model, this triplet event tells people that (1) SGR 1935+2154 does not have a strong particle wind and can be approximated by magnetic dipole braking in the persistent state; (2) its anti-glitch is due to an enhanced particle wind, similar to the first anti-glitch in magnetars; (3) its transient pulsed radio emission may be due to a decreasing emission beam during the outburst; (4) the enhanced particle acceleration potential and pulsar death line may not be the dominate factor.
ARAS Algorithm as Decision Support System’s Technique for Selection Student Creativity Program
Authors: Abbas Aries , Masri Debi , Prayitno Pungkas , Hasanuddin H , Zaenuddin Z , Yuridka Fitrah , Raharjo Mokhamad Ramdhani , Anwar Yohny
Published: December 2022

Indonesia’s Directorate General of Higher Education, Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education founded the Student Creativity Program (abbreviated as PKM) to help Indonesian students better understand, develop, and apply the science and technology they learn in class. Public and private university students alike can participate in this important event. Once a proposal has been submitted and reviewed at each institution, the activity moves on to the national level. Students at colleges and universities have the power to select the best proposals to ensure that the best ideas get funded. The choice is made by the research and community service institution (abbreviated as LPPM). LPPM uses qualified reviewers in their respective fields to do the selection. After that, the papers are ranked according to the PKM guidebook’s evaluation components, which are listed in the review findings. A comparison method is essential to evaluate proposals because subjective evaluation is severely discouraged. PKM proposal selection will be examined utilizing decision support system methodologies in this study. The problem was solved using the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) approach. Title, Abstract, Preliminary; Destination; Method; Discussion Result; Conclusion; and Bibliography comprise the eight components of the assessment criteria based on 21 samples of PKM proposals. The ARAS technique calculates that nine suggestions are deserving of national selection, with a Ki value ranging from 0.97534518 to 0.70813085.
Implementation Learning Vector Quantization Using Neural Network for Classification of Ear, Nose and Throat Disease
Authors: Samsir Samsir , Daulay Nelly Khairani , Harahap Syaiful Zuhri , Zalmi Wahyuni Fithratul , Sari Afni Nia , Nasution Fitri Aini , Watrianthos Ronal
Published: December 2022

This study aims to use data from 57 patients at Rantauprapat Hospital to train a Neural Network using a quantization learning vector method for the categorization of ear, nose, and throat disorders. The input factors were fever, tiredness, nausea, breathing pain, sore throat, hearing loss, allergies, chills and sweating, and thick and transparent mucus. The factors studied were ear canal infections, pharyngitis of the neck, throat, nose, and sinusitis. The findings revealed that ten neurons with an objective value of 0.01 in the learning rate range of 0.01 - 0.05 resulted in categorizing snoring, nose, and ear disorders, including the input layer. The MATLAB program is utilized in this approach, with an average accuracy of 67 per cent and a mean square error of 0.2.
Convolutional Neural Network for object Identification and Detection
Authors: Andini Silfia , Rouza Erni , Fimawahib Luth , Mustafa Satria Riki , Fathoni Ahmad , Hermanto Teguh Iman , Nasution Anggi Pratama
Published: December 2022

The goal of this study is to use a Convolutional Neural Network to find the optimum architectural model for classifying cloud images. Cirrus Cumulus Stratus Nimbus uses a source dataset that includes 11 cloud classifications and 2545 cloud photos (CCSN). In this study, the best Convolutional Neural Network is retrained almost fast by transferring education from Google’s basic design. Based on the modified Googlenet architecture, the training and testing phases of the classification process are divided into two. The dataset is separated into three sections during the training phase: 70% of the training data, 15% of the validation data, and 15% of the test data. There are two trials to categorize cloud photographs during the test phase, one of which has ten cloud kinds that can be randomly chosen. The precision achieved throughout the training was 44.5%, according to the findings. The results of the two tests are 75%, with an average error of 0.2. In the testing phase, the percentage is 75%.
Analytical Hierarchy Process Algorithm for Define of Water Meter
Authors: Widarman Agung , Rahadjeng Indra Riyana , Susilowati Isnurrini Hidayat , Sahara Siti , Daulay Muhammad Toyib
Published: December 2022

Customers can be certain that the fees they are charged are proportional to the amount of running water used or spent by clean water consumers in some households as a result of the usage of a water meter. Neglected water meters can cause losses for both consumers and PDAM companies. The project’s goal was to analyze a water meter using artificial intelligence. While the purpose of the research is to discover the most prevalent causes of water meter degradation, the output of the research is to identify the most destructive variables. This study’s data came from observations and interviews with the Regional Water Company (PDAM) Tirtauli in Pematangsiantar. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique is used to create a decision support system. The following meter damage explanations have been discovered based on information acquired through interviews and fieldwork: Congestion Water Meter (KM-1), Escape Water Meter (KM-2), Deaf Water Meter (KM-3), Gedek Water Meter (KM-4), and Water Meter Broken (KM-5). The Gedek Water Meter (KM-4) has the greatest priority for water meter damage, according to the AHP approach, with a computed value of 0.3211. The study’s findings are expected to increase water meter degradation in the PDAM, perhaps leading to higher customer water bills.
Data Mining K-Means Algorithm for Performance Analysis
Authors: Triayudi Agung , Iksal  , Haerani Reni
Published: December 2022

In this increasingly competitive world of technology, there needs to be efforts to improve the quality of educational institutions. However, it is often constrained by data processing that runs less than maximum and is less explored further. Therefore, Educational Data Mining as one of the clumps in data mining is tasked with uncovering student characteristics and behaviors hidden in a form of data that needs to be analyzed first. Based on these techniques, efforts to create a quality academic life by reducing the risk of student failure can be realized through a pedagogical plan of learning in the future. Through the following techniques, efforts to find association rules, group and classify data comparisons that have the best ability and value in the data mining process can be realized by implementing various tools such as WEKA, R, and Orange.
Data Centre Risk Analysis Using ISO 31000:2009 Framework
Authors: Andry Johanes Fernandes , Liliana Lydia , Tannady Hendy , Arief Abdul Samad
Published: December 2022

Advances in information technology in the world make almost all companies depend on technology, one of which is the use of data centers. The data center is used as a data processing tool to present precise and accurate information for the company. Speed and accuracy in making decisions require data and information to be presented accurately as well. The increase in the number of applications and communication information technology services at pharmaceutical companies has resulted in a higher risk of application from data centers that need to pay attention to the risk of digital threats (data theft) to physical threats (fire). Data center risk management analysis needs to be done to avoid disruptions that can hinder business processes. The method used in this research is the ISO 31000: 2009 framework. The output obtained from this research is obtaining risk management documents regarding the risk control process and strategies for existing risk mitigation processes.
Convolutional Neural Network Approach and Implementation Sensor Design for Detecting Object
Authors: Suherman  , Lucky Trasya S , Ihsan M. Ari , Ali Hanafiah R , Al-Akaidi Marwan
Published: December 2022

This research offered sensor design for detecting animal for any applications uses convolutional neural network within JeVois smart camera. The camera is connected to communication processor through serial connection. By using 900 images for training, the sensor has been able to detect the intended animal presence and send the result to end node. The acuracy achieves 95 %, with 90.91% precision, recall 100% and F score of 95.24 %. Even dough the power consumption increases from 2.2 W to 4.08 W, the detection is potentially reduces number of the transmitter images.
Road Reconstruction Modelling and Challenge in Indrapuri Sub-District, Aceh Besar Regency
Authors: Syahrizal  , Hasan Muttaqin , Saidi Taufiq
Published: December 2022

The most severe asphalt-covered damage is observed in the Indrapuri Sub-district, which has 33 regency roads with total lengths of 105.90 km. In this location, 18 segments at 47.30 km (44.66%) are found to have severe damage. Based on the limited budget of Aceh Besar Regency Government, the determination of the reconstruction priorities for damaged roads in Indrapuri is very necessary. Therefore, this study aims to determine the dominant criteria that should be considered in road reconstruction. Also, it aims to determine the priority order of road reconstruction in the Indrapuri Sub-District. In this study, a quantitative method was used through a well-structured questionnaire, where 6 people were selected through a purposive sampling technique, with considerations based on related stakeholders and policymakers. The criteria reviewed were road conditions, land use, accessibility, population, as well as social, government, and economic facilities, respectively. Besides, the alternatives subsequently reviewed were 18 severely damaged roads, with the data analysis technique using AMK. The results showed that the dominant criterion that should be considered in the reconstruction process was the road condition, which was observed at a weight of 0.35. in Indrapuri Sub-district, the main priority of reconstruction focused on the criteria of road conditions, land use, accessibility, population, as well as social, government, and economic facilities, respectively. This indicated that Simpang Mesjid Indrapuri–Krueng Lamkareung Road, Grot Meunasah Manyang–Grot Blang Road, and Lheu–Lamlubok Road were priorities 1, 2, and 3, with alternative performances of 6.33, 4.52, and 4.04, respectively.
Biomimetic Approach for Thermal Performance Optimization in Sustainable Architecture. Case study: Office Buildings in Hot Climate Countries
Authors: Elsakksa Azza , Marouf Ola , Madkour Mai
Published: December 2022

Biomimicry is an applied science that mainly depends on deriving inspiration from various natural solutions to human problems for making practical applications through the study and examination of natural phenomena, designs, systems, and processes. Historically, designers have dealt with nature as an essential source of innovation and inspiration. In future architecture, biomimicry will be applied to achieve sustainable design. Thus, the paper assumes that biomimicry is an environmental solution for optimizing the thermal performance of office buildings through the building’s skin. The purpose of this paper specifically is to determine and clarify the effective indicators of applying biomimicry to the skins of office buildings in hot climate countries. This will be accomplished by discussing the general concept of biomimicry and its definitions, approaches, and levels. Then, selected examples of biomimetic skin of office buildings in hot climate countries will be shown, analyzed, and compared to determine the most effective biomimetic indicators that will be suggested to be applied to the office building skin. As a result, the effective use of biomimicry as a tool for sustainable design leads to optimizing building thermal performance, optimum thermal comfort for users, and increased productivity for employers in office buildings. Based on indicators, biomimicry as a creative approach to achieving sustainable design will support architects, students, and scholars in achieving sustainable office building design.
Sustainability assessment of a slum upgrading intervention in Ghait El Enab, Alexandria, Egypt.
Authors: Elmaradny H , Mahmoud E , Mahdy M , Elkady H
Published: December 2022

A sustainable city is largely related to how well the infrastructure is developed which is important to encourage economic progress and decrease poverty. In 2012, UN-Habitat has established the City Prosperity Index (CPI) as a multi scale sustainability measurement tool extending from national urban policies to sub-cities. This article demonstrates the use of the City Prosperity Index (CPI) to measure what has changed in the infrastructure dimension of the Bashayer El Khair 1 (BK1) project in the Gheit El Enab area in Alexandria before and after upgrading.
Transforming existing Egyptian cities into sustainable cities
Authors: Beah T , Kotp H , Al-menshawy A
Published: December 2022

Existing Egyptian cities face many challenges and problems that hurt the quality of life, which made it regress in the sustainable cities index, so this research aims to formulate a set of general frameworks that enable the existing Egyptian cities to transform into sustainability and achieve advanced levels in the sustainable cities index, by using of the theoretical framework of sustainable cities and the analytical framework of some models of sustainable global cities that were suffering from many problems and challenges, they became topping the lists of sustainable cities index by effective planning. The research analyzes the issues and challenges of the existing Egyptian cities and compares them with global sustainable cities, which proves that it is not impossible to reach sustainability to determine the shortcomings of the existing Egyptian cities in achieving sustainability.
Environmental health risks assessment to PM10 exposure from petroleum refining activities: a case study of (CORC), Mostord, Egypt
Authors: Ayman Nourhan , AbouElSeoud Tarek , Mostafa Seham
Published: December 2022

(PM) Particulate matter is frequently cited as a cause of sickness. It is a confusing combination of various chemical Aerosols and solids composed of tiny fluid, dry solid broken pieces, and solid particles pulps utilising liquid composites. For the goal of regulating quality of air, particles are classified by their diameter despite their vast variation in size, shape, and chemical makeup, Those Particles with a size of ten microns or less (.P.M10) can enter the respiratory system and endanger one’s wellness

This study’s objective is to describe the particulates (PM10) that emissions from petroleum refining in the Mostorod area produce., to obtain measurements of the concentrations of particles in the residential areas surrounding the oil refinery, to assess the extent of its danger to the health of the population in these areas, and to set requirements to limit the effects of these emissions on population health.