(Digital Presentation) Anelasticity, Mechanical Spectroscopy, Internal Friction in Radiation and Structural Functionalized Nanocomposites of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Polyamide, Polyvinylchloride, Polyethylene, SiO2
Authors: Onanko Anatoliy Petrovich , Charnyi Dmytro Volodymyrovych , Onanko Yurii Anatoliyovich , Yatsiuk Myhaylo Volodumurovich , Matselyuk Evgeniy Myhaylovich , Marysyk Sergiy Volodymyrovych , Dmytrenko Oksana Petrivna , Kulish Mukola Polikarpovich , Pinchuk-Rugal Tatiana Mukolaivna , Popruzhko Vladislav Mukolayovich , Gaponov Anton Mukolayovich , Kurochka Lilia Ivanovna , Ilyin Petro Petrovich 
Published: August 2024

Experimental Methods

Ultrasound (US) impulse-phase method using computerized “KERN-4” with frequencies f┴ ≈ 0,7 MHz and f║ ≈ 1 MHz was used [1,2]. The measured velocity error was equal to ΔV/V ≈ 1,5%.

Results and Discussion

The influencing of ultrasonic deformation εUS was researched on mechanical properties of nanocomposite. The important value is in position of formation in the polymeric matrix of molecular structures, as multiwalled carbon nanotubes serve as the centers of crystalline phase nanocomposite origin. Amplitude-dependent internal friction (ADIF) measurement can be used as the highly sensitive method of monitoring the nanoplastic deformation eND of nanocomposites. ADIF measurement makes it possible to record the moment of dislocation segments LC separation from stoppers. Internal friction (IF) is caused by various relaxation processes that are related to nanocomposites structure defectiveness. Even rather small strain can collect up in non-ideal nanocomposites, changing their anelastic and elastic characteristics. One of the ways to purposefully change the properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in order to use them in nanoelectronics is to introduce impurities of other elements. It was found that as the result of the structural defect annealing IF background Q0
-1 significantly decreases during measuring of IF temperature dependences Q-1(T), which indicates the improvement of nanocomposite structure. The samples were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion using digital ultrasonic (US) bath CE-6200A with power W = 70 W at frequency f ≈ 42 kHz [1,2]. Illustration of the window for processing data of quasilongitudinal elastic waves velocity measuring V║ = 3244 ± 10 m/sec m/sec in nanocomposite polyamide (PA-6) (NH(CH2)5CO)n + 0,1% multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNT) by by pulse-phase US method at frequency f║ ≈ 1 MHz after electron irradiation with dose De- ≈ 10 MRad with energy Ee- ≈ 2,0 MeV is represented in Fig. 1.

Fig.1. Illustration of the window for processing data of quasilongitudinal elastic waves velocity measuring V║ = 3244 m/sec in nanocomposite polyamide (PA-6) (NH(CH2)5CO)n + 0,1% MCNT by pulse-phase US method at frequency f║ ≈ 1 MHz after electron irradiation with dose De- ≈ 10 MRad.

Poisson coefficient μ and elastic modulus E completely characterize the elastic properties of polymer nanocomposite. Poisson coefficient μ - elastic value of ratio of relative transversal compression e^ to relative longitudinal lengthening e║ [1]. One oscillator produces 3 waves: 1 longitudinal and 2 transversal. Debye temperature θD was determined after the formula [2], where kB - Boltzmann constant, h - Plank constant, NA - Avogadro number, A - middle gram-molecular mass, V║ - quasilongitudinal US velocity, V┴ - quasitransversal US velocity.

Complex elastic modulus of nanocomposite polyamide-6 (PA-6) (NH(CH2)5CO)n + % MCNT E* is equal to the sum of elastic dynamic modulus E’ = rV║
2 and loss modulus E” = E’d [2], where δ - logarithmic decrement of US attenuation, ρ - nanocomposite density, V║ - longitudinal US elastic waves velocity, Q-1 - internal friction, where α - US attenuation coefficient, λ - US wavelength, f - US frequency. Internal friction is equal Q-1 = δ/π. The logarithmic decrement of attenuation δ of US oscillations with amplitude A = A0e-
d
x is equal: δ = ln(An+1/An).

Conclusions

The presence of the strong interaction for nanocomposite between polyamide-6 (NH(CH2)5CO)n and multiwalled carbon nanotubes was confirmed.

The increase of the nanocomposite crystallinity degree at growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes concentration filling with the nanotubes of matrix results in the decline of content of organized phase.

The phenomenon of change of Poisson coefficient m, Debye temperature θD, dynamic elastic modulus E’ = rV║
2, dynamic shear modulus G = rV^
2 under the influence of radiative electronic e- radiation is caused by the appearance of primary radiation defects (RD). As the result of interdefect interactions primary RD form secondary RD.

Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine: Grant of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine for the prospective development of the scientific direction “Mathematical sciences and natural sciences” at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv.

References

Onanko, A.P., Kuryliuk, V.V., Onanko, Y.A. et al. Features of inelastic and elastic characteristics of Si and SiO2/Si structures. Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics13(5), 05017(5) (2021).

Onanko, A.P., Kuryliuk, V.V., Onanko, Y.A. et al. Mechanical spectroscopy and internal friction in SiO2/Si. Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics14(6), 06029(7) (2022).

Figure 1