bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of future scenarios for wind erosion sensitivity changes based on ALADIN and REMO regional climate model simulation data
Authors: Mezősi Gábor , Blanka Viktória , Bata Teodóra , Ladányi Zsuzsanna , Kemény Gábor , Meyer Burghard C.
Published: July 2016

The changes in rate and pattern of wind erosion sensitivity due to climate change were investigated for 2021–2050 and 2071–2100 compared to the reference period (1961–1990) in Hungary. The sensitivities of the main influencing factors (soil texture, vegetation cover and climate factor) were evaluated by fuzzy method and a combined wind erosion sensitivity map was compiled. The climate factor, as the driving factor of the changes, was assessed based on observed data for the reference period, while REMO and ALADIN regional climate model simulation data for the future periods. The changes in wind erosion sensitivity were evaluated on potentially affected agricultural land use types, and hot spot areas were allocated. Based on the results, 5–6% of the total agricultural areas were high sensitive areas in the reference period. In the 21st century slight or moderate changes of wind erosion sensitivity can be expected, and mostly ‘pastures’, ‘complex cultivation patterns’, and ‘land principally occupied by agriculture with significant areas of natural vegetation’ are affected. The applied combination of multi-indicator approach and fuzzy analysis provides novelty in the field of land sensitivity assessment. The method is suitable for regional scale analysis of wind erosion sensitivity changes and supports regional planning by allocating priority areas where changes in agro-technics or land use have to be considered.
One-pot synthesis of new triazole-sucrose derivatives via click chemistry and evaluation of their antitubercular activity
Authors: Hajlaoui Khaoula , Guesmi Ahlem , Ben Hamadi Naoufel , Msaddek Moncef
Published: July 2016

Readily prepared copper nanoparticles are an effective catalyst for 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of carbohydrate azide and a variety of alkynes that furnishes the corresponding 1,2,3-triazole-sucrose derivatives in excellent yields. Products were screened for their antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
H37Rv strain. Two compounds, 3b,c, demonstrate significant growth inhibitory activity against the bacterial strain with a MIC of 3.125 mg/mL. The presence of an amide group on the 1,2,3-triazole ring enhances the inhibition activity of the molecules. The active compounds are not toxic to a normal cell line which signifies the lack of general cellular toxicity of these compounds.
Sylow permutability in generalized soluble groups
Authors: Robinson Derek J. S.
Published: July 2016

A PST-group is a group in which Sylow permutability is a transitive relation in the group. A classification is given of finitely generated hyperabelian groups all of whose finite quotients are PST-groups.
Exponential decay of a finite volume scheme to the thermal equilibrium for drift–diffusion systems
Authors: Bessemoulin-Chatard Marianne , Chainais-Hillairet Claire
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we study the large-time behavior of a numerical scheme discretizing drift–diffusion systems for semiconductors. The numerical method is finite volume in space, implicit in time, and the numerical fluxes are a generalization of the classical Scharfetter–Gummel scheme which allows to consider both linear or nonlinear pressure laws.

We study the convergence of approximate solutions towards an approximation of the thermal equilibrium state as time tends to infinity, and obtain a decay rate by controlling the discrete relative entropy with the entropy production. This result is proved under assumptions of existence and uniform in time
Performance Analysis of Long-Reach Coherent Detection OFDM-PON Downstream Transmission Using m-QAM-Mapped OFDM Signal
Authors: Pandey Gaurav , Goel Aditya
Published: July 2016

In this paper, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-passive optical network (PON) downstream transmission is demonstrated over different lengths of fiber at remote node (RN) for different
Symmetric Mach–Zehnder Demultiplexing Technique for Optical Time-Division Multiplexing: Comparison of EAM, MZM and AM
Authors: Kaur Pawandeep , Dewra Sanjeev
Published: July 2016

Optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM) updates the well-known technique of electrical time-division multiplexing into the optical domain. In OTDM, optical data streams are constructed by multiplexing a number of low bit-rate optical streams in time domain. In this paper, the performance of eight channel OTDM system is analyzed and compared for different modulators such as EAM, MZM and AM with Symmetric Mach–Zehnder demultiplexing switch at bit rate of 20 Gbps. The effect of input signal power on BER, Q-factor and received optical output power has been evaluated. It is observed that EAM, MZM and AM provide acceptable Q-factor of 7.70, 7.50, 6.69 and BER of 2.55×10
Review on Photonic Generation of Chirp Arbitrary Microwave Waveforms for Remote Sensing Application
Authors: Raghuwanshi Sanjeev Kumar , Srivastav Akash , Athokpam Bidhanshel Singh
Published: July 2016

A novel technique to generate an arbitrary chirped waveform by harnessing features of lithium niobate
On-line solid phase extraction using ion-pair microparticles combined with ICP-OES for the simultaneous preconcentration and determination of uranium and thorium
Authors: Yousefi Seyed Reza , Zolfonoun Ehsan
Published: July 2016

In this work, after on-line and in-situ solid phase extraction technique was used for the extraction and preconcentration of uranium and thorium from aqueous samples prior to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) determination. In this method, sodium hexafluorophosphate (as an ion-pairing agent) was added to the sample solution containing the cationic surfactant (dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide) and the complexing agent (dibenzoylmethane). A cloudy solution was formed as a result of formation of an ion pair between surfactant and hexafluorophosphate. The solid microparticles were passed through a microcolumn filter and the adsorbed microparticles were subsequently eluted with acid, which was directly introduced into the ICP-OES nebulizer. The main variables affecting the pre-concentration and determination steps of uranium and thorium were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the enhancement factors of 97 and 95 and the detection limits of 0.52 and 0.21 μg L−1 were obtained for uranium and thorium, respectively.
Extraction behaviour of Am(III) and Eu(III) from nitric acid medium in TEHDGA-HDEHP impregnated resins
Authors: Saipriya G. , Kumaresan R. , Nayak P. K. , Venkatesan K. A. , Kumar T. , Antony M. P.
Published: July 2016

The extraction behaviour of Am(III) and Eu(III) from nitric acid medium was studied in the solvent impregnated resins containing extractants such as tetra-bis(2-ethylhexyl)diglycolamide (TEHDGA) or bis-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) or mixture of TEHDGA+HDEHP. The rate of extraction of Am(III) and Eu(III) from 1 M nitric acid and the effect of various parameters, such as the concentration of nitric acid in aqueous phase and concentration of TEHDGA and HDEHP in resin phase, on the distribution coefficient of Am(III) and Eu(III) was studied. The distribution coefficient of Am(III) and Eu(III) in HDEHP-impregnated resin decreased and that in TEHDGA-impregnated resin increased, with increase in the concentration of nitric acid. However, in (TEHDGA+HDEHP) – impregnated resin, synergic extraction was observed at lower nitric acid concentration and antagonism at higher nitric acid concentration. The mechanism of Am(III) and Eu(III) extraction in the combined resin was investigated by slope analysis method. The extraction of various metal ions present in the fast reactor simulated high-level liquid waste was studied. The separation factor of Am(III) over Eu(III) was studied using citrate-buffered diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) solution.
A Novel Mass-Spring-Damper Model Analysis to Identify Landing Deficits in Athletes Returning to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Schneider Daniel K. , Gokeler Alli , Otten Egbert , Ford Kevin R. , Hewett Timothy E. , Divine Jon G. , Colosimo Angelo J. , Heidt Robert S. , Myer Gregory D.
Published: July 2016

Schneider, DK, Gokeler, A, Otten, E, Ford, KR, Hewett, TE, Divine, JG, Colosimo, AJ, Heidt, RS, and Myer, GD. A Novel mass-spring-damper model analysis to identify landing deficits in athletes returning to sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2590–2598, 2017—A mass-spring-damper (MSD) model may serve as an extension of biomechanical data from 3-dimensional motion analysis and epidemiological data which helps to delineate populations at risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate such a model. Thirty-six ACL reconstruction (ACLR) group subjects and 67 controls (CTRL) completed single-leg drop landing and single-leg broad jump tasks. Landing ground reaction force data were collected and analyzed with an MSD model. Medians, interquartile ranges, and limb symmetry indices (LSIs) were calculated and comparisons were made within and between groups. During a single-leg drop landing, the ACLR group had a lower spring LSI than the CTRL group (p = 0.015) and landed with decreased stiffness in the involved limb relative to the uninvolved limb (p = 0.021). The ACLR group also had an increased damping LSI relative to the CTRL group (p = 0.045). The ACLR subjects landed with increased stiffness (p = 0.006) and decreased damping (p = 0.003) in their involved limbs compared to CTRL subjects' nondominant limbs. During a single-leg forward broad jump, the ACLR group had a greater spring LSI value than the CTRL group (p = 0.045). The CTRL group also recorded decreased damping values in their nondominant limbs compared with the involved limbs of the ACLR group (p = 0.046). Athletes who have undergone ACLR display different lower-limb dynamics than healthy controls, according to an MSD model. Quadriceps dominance and leg dominance are components of ACLR athletes' landing strategies and may be identified with an MSD model and addressed during rehabilitation.
Variable Resistance Training Promotes Greater Strength and Power Adaptations Than Traditional Resistance Training in Elite Youth Rugby League Players
Authors: Rivière Maxence , Louit Loic , Strokosch Alasdair , Seitz Laurent B.
Published: July 2016

Rivière, M, Louit, L, Strokosch, A, and Seitz, LB. Variable resistance training promotes greater strength and power adaptations than traditional resistance training in elite youth rugby league players. J Strength Cond Res 31(4): 947–955, 2017—The purpose of this study was to examine the strength, velocity, and power adaptations in youth rugby league players in response to a variable resistance training (VRT) or traditional free-weight resistance training (TRAD) intervention. Sixteen elite youth players were assigned to a VRT or TRAD group and completed 2 weekly upper- and lower-body strength and power sessions for 6 weeks. Training programs were identical except that the VRT group trained the bench press exercise with 20% of the prescribed load coming from elastic bands. Bench press 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and bench press mean velocity and power at 35, 45, 65, 75, and 85% of 1RM were measured before and after the training intervention, and the magnitude of the changes was determined using effect sizes (ESs). The VRT group experienced larger increases in both absolute (ES = 0.46 vs. 0.20) and relative (ES = 0.41 vs. 0.19) bench press 1RM. Similar results were observed for mean velocity as well as both absolute and relative mean power at 35, 45, 65, 75, and 85% of 1RM. Furthermore, both groups experienced large gains in both velocity and power in the heavier loads but small improvements in the lighter loads. The improvements in both velocity and power against the heavier loads were larger for the VRT group, whereas smaller differences existed between the 2 groups in the lighter loads. Variable resistance training using elastic bands may offer a greater training stimulus than traditional free-weight resistance training to improve upper-body strength, velocity, and power in elite youth rugby league players.
Examining the Relationship Between the Functional Movement Screen and the Landing Error Scoring System in an Active, Male Collegiate Population
Authors: Everard Eoin M. , Harrison Andrew J. , Lyons Mark
Published: July 2016

Everard, EM, Harrison, AJ, and Lyons, M. Examining the relationship between the functional movement screen and the landing error scoring system in an active, male collegiate population. J Strength Cond Res 31(5): 1265–1272, 2017—In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on movement screening as the principal aspect of preparticipation testing. Two of the most common movement screening tools are the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS). Several studies have examined the reliability and validity of these tools, but so far, there have been no studies comparing the results of these 2 screening tools against each other. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between FMS scores and LESS scores. Ninety-eight male college athletes actively competing in sport (Gaelic games, soccer, athletics, boxing/mixed martial arts, Olympic weightlifting) participated in the study and performed the FMS and LESS screens. Both the 21-point and 100-point scoring systems were used to score the FMS. Spearman's correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between the 2 screening scores. The results showed a significant moderate correlation between FMS and LESS scores (rho 100 and 21 point = −0.528; −0.487; p < 0.001). In addition, r
2 values of 0.26 and 0.23 indicate a poor shared variance between the 2 screens. The results indicate that performing well in one of the screens does not necessarily equate to performing well in the other. This has practical implications as it highlights that both screens may assess different movement patterns and should not be used as a substitute for each other.
Red geodésica GNSS de vínculo entre el datum dinámico SIRGAS y el sistema CR05 de Costa Rica
Authors: Rivas-Guzmán María José , Moya-Zamora Jorge
Published: July 2016

Antes de la aparición de las técnicas de posicionamiento, la mayoría de los países consideraban suficientes la utilización de sistemas de referencia definidos localmente para la georreferenciación de actividades topográficas y cartográficas. Sin embargo, con el avance de la tecnología y, especialmente, los sistemas de posicionamiento, se ve la importancia de emplear un sistema de referencia global. Este proyecto recoge la necesidad de vincular el sistema nacional de referencia Costa Rica (CR05) con las técnicas modernas de procesamiento aplicadas a estaciones GNSS de observación continua, con el fin de recomendar un marco de referencia dinámico. La metodología empleada constó de un procesamiento con el software científico Bernese versión 5.0. El procesamiento consideró las normas establecidas para los centros de procesamiento SIRGAS tanto para el ajuste semanal semilibre como para su vinculación al marco SIRGAS y el análisis de cada solución. Se brindan los resultados de las coordenadas geocéntricas [X, Y, Z] de una red compuesta por 17 estaciones GNSS dentro del territorio nacional, referidas a la época 2012,98 cuyas exactitudes están entre los 0,20 mm, 0,15 mm y 4,4mm respectivamente.
Percepciones sobre el ejercicio del rol directivo y sus alcances para el aprendizaje de la democracia
Authors: Aparicio Molina Carolina
Published: July 2016

A la luz de las teorías actuales sobre dirección y liderazgo escolar, en este artículo se analizan las perspectivas de directivos en ejercicio respecto a su rol en la formación democrática y para la participación de los estudiantes en institutos de secundaria de dos centros educativos de Chile y dos de España. El análisis provino de entrevistas en profundidad a los cuatro directivos, los cuales situaron el ejercicio de su rol en los ejes de formación para el diálogo y la convivencia, específicamente para desarrollar un aprendizaje vital validado desde sus creencias personales. Junto con analizar las percepciones reveladas, el artículo busca poner en discusión la necesaria revisión de los roles ejercidos por las personas líderes escolares en materia de formación ciudadana, a fin de promover el diálogo sobre su importancia para la puesta en práctica de experiencias integrales de democracia junto con la comunidad educativa.
Actitud emprendedora y estilos emocionales. Contribuciones para el diseño de la formación de futuros emprendedores
Authors: Durán-Aponte Emilse , Arias-Gómez Diana
Published: July 2016

El emprendedor es un innovador, un estratega, un creativo y alguien que cree en sus ideas para llevarlas a cabo de forma exitosa. Sin embargo, algunos factores de tipo emocional llegan a interponerse entre la actitud del emprendedor y finalmente el acto de emprender, los cuales podrían ser vitales para el diseño de la formación de futuros emprendedores. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la relación que existe entre la actitud emprendedora de un individuo y los estilos emocionales que posee. Participaron 259 estudiantes venezolanos, de los cuales 94 eran de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, inscritos en las carreras de Administración y Contaduría, y 165 de la Universidad Simón Bolívar, cursantes de ingenierías y carreras cortas administrativas e industriales, a través de una metodología descriptivo-correlacional, con un diseño no experimental. Se utilizó la escala unidimensional ¿Soy del tipo emprendedor? (STE) para medir la actitud emprendedora y el Cuestionario de Estilo Emocional (CEE). Con un 33% de varianza explicada, los resultados indican que una persona con alta actitud hacia el emprendimiento tiene una relación negativa con el estilo emocional rumiación. En específico, la proactividad se relaciona de forma negativa con la inhibición y la rumiación, y el optimismo solo con la rumiación. Entre las orientaciones para el diseño de planes de formación deberá considerarse el ejecutar un diagnóstico de las características del futuro emprendedor, incorporar de forma trasversal el desarrollo de la actitud emprendedora en cuanto a optimismo y proactividad, además de enseñar el manejo y control de las emociones.
A diagnostic approach for neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation: clinical features, genetics and brain imaging
Authors: Salomão Rubens Paulo Araújo , Pedroso José Luiz , Gama Maria Thereza Drumond , Dutra Lívia Almeida , Maciel Ricardo Horta , Godeiro-Junior Clécio , Chien Hsin Fen , Teive Hélio A. G. , Cardoso Francisco , Barsottini Orlando G. P.
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) represents a heterogeneous and complex group of inherited neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by excessive iron accumulation, particularly in the basal ganglia. Common clinical features of NBIA include movement disorders, particularly parkinsonism and dystonia, cognitive dysfunction, pyramidal signs, and retinal abnormalities. The forms of NBIA described to date include pantothenase kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), phospholipase A2 associated neurodegeneration (PLAN), neuroferritinopathy, aceruloplasminemia, beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN), Kufor-Rakeb syndrome, mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN), fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration (FAHN), coenzyme A synthase protein-associated neurodegeneration (CoPAN) and Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome. This review is a diagnostic approach for NBIA cases, from clinical features and brain imaging findings to the genetic etiology.
Translation and cross cultural adaptation of the Pediatric Motor Activity Log-Revised scale
Authors: Matuti Gabriela da Silva , Santos Juliana Firmo dos , Silva Ana Carolina Rodrigues da , Eras-Garcia Rafael , Uswatte Gitendra , Taub Edward
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT The standardized instrument developed to assess the use of the affected upper limb in children with cerebral palsy (CP) is the Pediatric Motor Activity Log Revised (PMAL-R). Objectives To translate PMAL-R and adapt for the Brazilian culture; analyze the reliability and the internal consistency of the Brazilian version. Method Translation of PMAL-R to the Portuguese-Brazil and back translation. The back-translated version was revised by the authors of the scale. The final version was administered to a sample of 24 patients with spastic hemiparesis CP between 2–8 years. Results The reliability intra and inter-rater were suitable (how often = 0.97 and 0.98, how well = 0.98 and 0.99 respectively) and so the internal consistency (0.98). Conclusion The Brazilian version of PMAL-R has adequate internal consistency, reliability intra and inter raters and can be used to assess the spontaneous use of the upper limb of children with CP type spastic hemiparesis, aged 2–8 years.
Sudden cardiac death in epilepsy disappoints, but epileptologists keep faith
Authors: Scorza Fulvio A. , Cavalheiro Esper A. , Costa Jaderson Costa da
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the most common cause of death in people with intractable epilepsy. Probably, optimization of seizure control will prevent some of these deaths. Briefly, we integrated in this paper some data about the epidemiology, risk factors, etiology, and preventative measures in the management of SUDEP.
Processo de captação de novas oportunidades no desenvolvimento de novos produtos em uma empresa industrial de motores elétricos
Authors: Gama Fábio , Amboni Nério , Alperstedt Graziela Dias , Moraes Mário César Barreto
Published: July 2016

Resumo Este artigo analisa as configurações do processo de captação de novas oportunidades para o desenvolvimento de produtos numa indústria multinacional de origem brasileira fabricante de Motores Elétricos Industriais, ganhadora do prêmio FINEP de inovação. Numa abordagem qualitativa, foi estudada a evolução do processo em níveis estratégicos e táticos, desde sua fundação em 1970, buscando investigar oportunidades de aprimoramento à luz dos modelos teóricos. Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de um novo paradigma organizacional que possibilite novas orientações à captação de oportunidades. A saúde financeira e a capacidade técnica da empresa lhe asseguraram posição de destaque no cenário internacional. No entanto, as mudanças no contexto oriundas em especial no mercado chinês apontam para a necessidade de uma reformulação do processo de captação de novas oportunidades. Considerando o modelo teórico adotado, constataram-se as seguintes oportunidades de melhoria: (i) aprimoramento da fase inicial para uma etapa mais criativa, abstrata, multidisciplinar e com perspectiva de longo prazo; (ii) desenvolvimento de habilidades multifuncionais pelos departamentos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento; (iii) análise do potencial tecnológico dos concorrentes com base em práticas de tear-down para todos os segmentos de negócio; e (iv) indicação a priori de macrodiretivas pelo grupo diretor.
O dispositivo “técnicos de referência” nos equipamentos substitutivos em saúde mental e o uso da psicanálise winnicottiana
Authors: Furtado Juarez Pereira , Miranda Lílian
Published: July 2016

A despeito da ampla utilização do dispositivo “técnicos de referência” como forma de organizar a atenção nos Caps e outros equipamentos da reforma psiquiátrica, permanecem ainda restritos os debates e análises de suas limitações e potencialidades. Discutiremos aqui caminhos para que a organização de serviços com base em técnicos de referência não seja capturada pela administração burocrática, perdendo sua potência transformadora. Baseando-nos na clínica proposta por Winnicott, discutiremos também os problemas decorrentes da noção de “vínculo” – inerente ao dispositivo em questão – quando transposto para os serviços substitutivos de saúde mental.
Los borrosos límites del diagnóstico de las psicosis. ¿En qué ayuda un psicoanálisis? Ilustración clínica
Authors: Romero Liudmila , Machin Raudelio
Published: July 2016

En el artículo se tratan de mostrar las ventajas de una clínica de las psicosis desde una perspectiva psicoanalítica. Con este fin, se presentan cuatro casos que ilustran la problemática. Se discute sobre el lugar del episteme psicoanalítico en las ciencias del sujeto y se defiende su utilidad en la práctica clínica. Luego se ilustran los principales hechos descubiertos por el saber psicoanalítico en la clínica de las psicosis, cuya particular agudeza ayudó a resolver satisfactoriamente los casos presentados. Finalmente se convoca, a través de otro caso, a discutir sobre las lagunas con las que aún debe confrontarse ese saber.
En busca del ser. El tiempo perdido
Authors: Hounie Ana Luisa
Published: July 2016

El texto refiere a un proceso llevado a cabo con un paciente de un Servicio asistencial universitario en un recorrido que procura, en el campo de la intervención analítica en el complejo marco de la clínica con las psicosis, tanto una comprensión de algunos fenómenos de descompensación del lenguaje, como un acercamiento al drama de quien busca en un encuentro significativo, una mirada que reconstituya su existencia como posibilidad.
Estado atual da clínica psiquiátrica do transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo
Authors: Hounie Ana G . , Sampaio Aline S. , Ferrão Ygor , Rosário-Campos Maria Conceição do , Chilvarquer Raquel , Mathis Maria Eugênia de , Lopes Antonio Carlos , Mathis Maria Alice de , Gonzáles Christina Hajaj , Taub Anita , Vasconcelos Marcos Salem , Seixas André A. A. , Sá Júnior Antonio Reis de , Miguel Eurípedes
Published: July 2016

Este artigo revisa a literatura sobre o transtorno obsessivocompulsivo com o objetivo de informar o estado atual da pesquisa científica nesse tema. Os autores citam a literatura internacional buscando enfatizar a pesquisa nacional, principalmente a pesquisa do seu grupo, o Projeto Transtornos do espectro Obsessivo-compulsivo.
Osório Cezar e Roger Bastide: as relações entre arte, religião e psicopatologia
Authors: Dalgalarrondo Paulo , Gutman Guilherme , Oda Ana Maria Galdini Raimundo
Published: July 2016

Este artigo trata de dois momentos históricos dos estudos sobre as relações entre arte, religião e psicopatologia; neste sentido, analisamos os textos “A arte primitiva nos alienados” (Osório Cezar, 1924) e “Pintura, loucura e cultura” (Roger Bastide e Osório Cezar, 1956). No Brasil, Osório Cezar, médico do Hospital de Juquery, foi o primeiro pesquisador a tomar como objeto de estudo a arte produzida por doentes mentais. Roger Bastide, intelectual francês que viveu no Brasil, um autor prolífico, entre outras relevantes contribuições legou-nos estudos seminais nos campos da sociologia das doenças mentais e da etnopsiquiatria.
Plantas medicinais conhecidas na zona urbana de Cajueiro da Praia, Piauí, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: SANTOS A.B.N. , ARAÚJO M. P. , SOUSA R.S. , LEMOS J.R.
Published: July 2016

RESUMO A utilização de plantas com fins medicinais para tratamento, cura e prevenção de doenças é considerada uma das mais antigas formas de prática medicinal da humanidade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as espécies de plantas medicinais usadas dentro da comunidade de Cajueiro da Praia, Piauí, bem como a parte da planta utilizada, o modo de preparo, a sua importância relativa, o valor de uso e o consenso em relação às propriedades terapêuticas das espécies citadas. Foram aplicadas 12 entrevistas semiestruturadas com especialistas locais indicados, utilizando o método de amostragem por “bola-de-neve” e a técnica de “turnê-guiada” para coleta das espécies citadas. Análises quantitativas tais como Valor de Uso, Importância Relativa e Fator de Consenso dos Informantes foram associadas à análises qualitativas. As coletas botânicas seguiram a metodologia usual. Foram citadas 43 espécies, distribuídas em 24 famílias botânicas, sendo Lamiaceae a mais representada em número de espécies (oito espécies), seguida de Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae e Rutaceae (todas com três). Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (mastruz) obteve o maior valor de uso (VU=1,58), sendo portanto, a planta com elevado potencial de uso para a comunidade. Quanto ao uso terapêutico, observou-se que um maior número de espécies foi indicado no combate à gripe, seguido por má digestão. O IR demonstrou que planta mais versátil foi Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (mastruz), com IR=2, referido em cinco categorias de uso e o FCI apontou que os sistemas corporais que apresentam maior importância local são: sistema circulatório (FCI=0,57), seguido por lesões e consequências de causas externas (FCI=0,50), sistema endócrino (FCI=0,50) e respiratório (FCI=0,40). No âmbito geral, verificou-se que a diversidade de plantas medicinais conhecida e a obtenção das plantas na comunidade estudada sugerem uma correlação entre uso/conhecimento de plantas medicinais e disponibilidade das mesmas; que a flora medicinal é representada, em boa parte, por plantas exóticas cultivadas nos quintais e que a transmissão do conhecimento tradicional feito localmente e por via oral demonstra uma herança cultural na cidade.
Extracts of Caesalpinia ferrea and Trichoderma sp. on the control of Colletotrichum sp. transmission in Sideroxylon obtusifolium seeds
Authors: MELO P.A.F.R. , ALVES E.U. , MARTINS C.C. , ANJOS NETO A.P. , PINTO K.M.S. , ARAÚJO L.R. , VIEIRA C.P. , NASCIMENTO L.C.
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Recent research reports the importance of preserving plants in Brazilian semiarid regions, in this context, the scientific literature has reported different pharmacological studies from plant extracts with an antifungal potential, coming from forest species that can contribute as a control and management strategy in the transmission of phytopathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of biotech treatments in controlling the transmission of Colletotrichum sp. in seeds of S. obtusifolium. In this study, 100 seeds were subjected to the following preventive treatments: fungicide Captan®, extract of Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. Ex. Tul., and biological control with Trichoderma spp. The biological control with Trichoderma spp. and the alternative control using C. ferrea extract provided a greater protection to seeds and seedlings of S. obtusifolium facing the transmissibility of Colletotrichum sp.The treatment based on plant extract is more efficient for this purpose only in large seeds and does not interfere on the germination percentage and speed. Therefore it is necessary to perform other studies with Trichoderma spp. and C. ferrea extract to test different doses of these products.
Potencial do óleo essencial de erva-luísa (Aloysia citriodora Palau) no controle de Fusarium sp. in vitro
Authors: FREDDO Á.R. , MAZARO S.M. , BORIN M.S.R. , BUSSO C. , CECHIN F.E. , ZORZZI I.C. , DALACOSTA N.L. , LEWANDOWSKI A.
Published: July 2016

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal avaliar o potencial do uso do óleo essencial de Aloysia citriodora no controle in vitro de Fusarium sp., isolado de plântulas de beterraba infectadas com o mesmo. O trabalho foi realizado por meio de dois experimentos: um sobre o efeito do óleo essencial no crescimento micelial, e outro sobre o efeito na germinação de conídios do fungo. No primeiro trabalho, avaliou-se em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, o efeito das concentrações 0,0155%; 0,0315%; 0,0625%; 0,125%; 0,250% e 0,500% do óleo essencial de A. citriodora em placas de Petri® com meio de cultivo BDA, mais a testemunha, com meio BDA puro. Cada placa foi considerada uma repetição, as quais foram incubadas a 24ºC±1ºC e submetidas a fotoperíodo de doze horas. Avaliou-se o crescimento radial do patógeno em função do crescimento micelial do patógeno quando este atingia as bordas da primeira placa. No segundo experimento, as mesmas concentrações foram testadas, nas mesmas condições de incubação, no entanto, em lâminas de microscopia com meio BD. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, sendo considerada como unidade experimental cada lâmina utilizada. Avaliou-se 24 horas após a incubação, em microscópio óptico, a germinação dos primeiros vinte conídios visualizados a partir do canto esquerdo superior para o direito. Os resultados do segundo experimento foram expressos em porcentagem de germinação de conídios. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que este óleo essencial possui efeito fungistático e fungicida sobre o crescimento micelial e na germinação de conídios de Fusarium sp.. Além disso este efeito é maior em função do aumento da concentração do óleo essencial.
Música como fisiologia aplicada: considerações a partir do Nietzsche tardio
Authors: Rajobac Raimundo
Published: July 2016

Resumo: O trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a interdependente relação entre música e fisiologia no Nietzsche tardio. A produtividade de tal pretensão reside em investigar o estatuto da fisiologia enquanto categoria filosófica fundante da experiência da arte e, em nosso caso específico, da música. Nos deteremos na reconstrução interpretativa de alguns problemas apresentados em Nietzsche contra Wagner e, a partir de um esforço hermenêutico, apontaremos para os desdobramentos filosóficos daí resultantes, capazes de contribuir com a tese central que perpassa este ensaio: a de que música é fisiologia aplicada no Nietzsche tardio, e que tal primado se estabelece como categoria para a crítica à música de Wagner, e integra a lógica mais ampla da crítica à modernidade e metafísica tradicional.
Luzes sobre a música a partir da filosofia da linguagem
Authors: Barbeitas Flavio
Published: July 2016

Resumo: Já se falou que a finalidade da musicologia compreenderia a descoberta do que a "linguagem musical" nos ensina do ser humano que seja diferente daquilo que a linguagem falada e outras manifestações e instituições primordiais dele nos ensinam. Nesses termos, parece óbvio que tal tarefa depende muito do que se entende por "linguagem". Não obstante o paradigma da linguagem ter sido um bordão na concepção musical ocidental, a comparação tendeu mais a enfatizar certas "carências" e "lacunas" da música, apresentando-a inequivocamente como inferior e mais limitada quanto, por exemplo, a uma eventual função cognitiva. O presente artigo pretende rediscutir essa questão à luz de contribuições contemporâneas do pensamento sobre a linguagem, notadamente na obra de alguns filósofos italianos, como Giorgio Agamben, Paolo Virno e Adriana Cavarero.
First phylogenetic analysis of Avipoxvirus (APV) in Brazil
Authors: Kunert-Filho Hiran C. , Cibulski Samuel P. , Finkler Fabrine , Grassotti Tiela T. , Jaenisch Fátima R.F. , Brito Kelly C.T. de , Carvalho Daiane , Lovato Maristela , Brito Benito G. de
Published: July 2016

Abstract: This study represents the first phylogenetic analysis of avian poxvirus recovered from turkeys in Brazil. The clinical disorders related to fowlpox herein described occurred in a turkey housing system. The birds displaying characteristic pox lesions which were observed on the neck, eyelids and beak of the turkeys. Four affected turkeys were randomly chosen, euthanized and necropsied. Tissues samples were submitted for histopathological analysis and total DNA was further extracted, amplified by conventional PCR, sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. Avian poxviruses specific PCR was performed based on P4b core protein gene sequence. The histological analysis revealed dermal inflammatory process, granulation tissue, hyperplasia of epithelial cells and inclusion bodies. The P4b gene was detected in all samples. Sequencing revealed a 100% nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity among the samples, and the sequences were deposited in GenBank®. The four Avian poxviruses fragments sequenced in this study clustered along the A1 clade of avipoxviruses, and were classified as Avipoxvirus (APV). Additional studies, such as virus isolation, PCR and sequencing includinga large number of specimens from the Brazilian turkey production must be conducted due to the hazardous risk that poxvirus infections may cause to the Brazilian poultry production scenario, given that Brazil's turkey production attracts attention due to its economic importance worldwide. Our findings point to the need to identify the prevalence of APV in Brazilian turkey production, to perform risk assessment studies and continued surveillance of APV infections in both wild and commercial avian species.
Effects of sudden melon intake on ruminal parameters of non-adapted sheep
Authors: Oliveira Francisco L.C. , Barrêto Júnior Raimundo A. , Minervino Antonio H.H. , Tavares Marcondes Dias , Vale Rodolfo Gurgel , Araújo Carolina Akiko Sato Cabral , Sousa Rejane Santos , Ortolani Enrico Lippi
Published: July 2016

Abstract: This study evaluated the effects of varying amounts of melon with high sugar content offered to sheep without prior melon experience and that were not adapted to consuming it. We used 12 eight-month-old, rumen-cannulated crossbred sheep weighing 25 kg each. The animals received a base diet of roughage, and then half were randomly selected to have 25% of their diet replaced with melon (G25%) and the other half had 75% of their diet replaced with melon (75%). Ruminal fluid was collected before administration of melon and at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h after the administration of the fruit. Sheep from the G25% group presented volatile fatty acid ruminal acidosis (sub-acute) between 3 and 6 h after consumption. This acidosis was characterized by a rumen pH slightly lower than 5.6, increased discrete L-lactic acid content, and increased redox potential (RP) and methylene blue redox (MBR) time of the ruminal fluid. The G75% group presented lactic ruminal acidosis at T6h, characterized by a rumen pH lower than 5.0, high lactate-L content, increased RP and MBR time, and increased ruminal fluid osmolarity. Therefore, offering large amounts of melon (75% of dry matter (DM)) is not recommended but 25% of DM of this fruit can be used safely.
Isolation, expansion and differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells from rabbits' bone marrow
Authors: Eleotério Renato B. , Sepúlveda Rodrigo V. , Reis Emily C.C. , Valente Fabrício L. , Borges Andréa P.B.
Published: July 2016

Abstract: Tissue engineering has been a fundamental technique in the regenerative medicine field, once it permits to build tri-dimensional tissue constructs associating undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (or mesenchymal stromal cells - MSCs) and scaffolds in vitro. Therefore, many studies have been carried out using these cells from different animal species, and rabbits are often used as animal model for in vivo tissue repair studies. However, most of the information available about MSCs harvesting and characterization is about human and murine cells, which brings some doubts to researchers who desire to work with a rabbit model in tissue repair studies based on MSCs. In this context, this study aimed to add and improve the information available in the scientific literature providing a complete technique for isolation, expansion and differentiation of MSCs from rabbits. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) from humerus and femur of rabbits were obtained and to evaluate their proliferation rate, three different culture media were tested, here referred as DMEM-P, DMEM´S and α-MEM. The BMMCs were also cultured in osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic induction media to prove their multipotentiality. It was concluded that the techniques suggested in this study can provide a guideline to harvest and isolate MSCs from bone marrow of rabbits in enough amount to allow their expansion and, based on the laboratory experience where the study was developed, it is also suggested a culture media formulation to provide a better cell proliferation rate with multipotentiality preservation.
Equidade em saúde como marco ético da bioética
Authors: Corgozinho Marcelo Moreira , Oliveira Aline Albuquerque Sant'Anna de
Published: July 2016

Resumo Este texto tem como objetivo contribuir com a aplicação da equidade, enquanto marco ético, na reflexão bioética em temáticas de saúde pública. Foram seguidos os seguintes passos metodológicos: descrição da origem conceitual da equidade; sua aplicação na esfera da saúde pública e, por último, análise da equidade como marco ético inserido na dimensão social da bioética. A raiz conceitual de equidade fundamenta-se no pensamento aristotélico, o qual distingue equidade de justiça no momento em que esta se divide em justo legal e justo natural, compreendidos na noção de justiça política. Na esfera da saúde pública, a noção de equidade parte do pressuposto de que os indivíduos são diferentes e, portanto, merecem tratamento diferenciado, consentâneo com as suas vulnerabilidades. A bioética latino-americana tem como orientação a redução das iniquidades ou disparidades sociais, sendo um de seus frutos a inclusão da equidade entre um dos objetivos da Declaração Universal sobre Bioética e Direitos Humanos (DUBDH): "Promover o acesso equitativo aos desenvolvimentos médicos, científicos e tecnológicos". Assim, a equidade ganha força como marco ético no processo decisório da alocação de recursos públicos, associada à noção de justiça social.
Reflexões sobre o papel das unidades de economia da saúde no âmbito de sistemas nacionais de saúde
Authors: Vieira Fabiola Sulpino
Published: July 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste texto é apresentar algumas reflexões sobre o papel e a relevância das unidades de economia da saúde (UES) no âmbito de sistemas nacionais de saúde. Parte-se dos fundamentos deste campo de conhecimento e de sua contribuição à gestão em saúde para tecer considerações sobre o papel e a relevância dessas unidades. São discutidas questões como o conhecimento dos gestores da saúde e lideranças políticas sobre economia da saúde, a necessidade de atuação transversal da UES na organização e de corpo técnico multidisciplinar qualificado, assim como a natureza técnica e política do trabalho, as possibilidades e limites para sua atuação, seus aspectos e a relação com grupos externos de pesquisa. Por fim, ressalta-se que o trabalho de equipe interna especializada em economia da saúde constitui um dos meios para qualificar o processo de tomada de decisão nas organizações públicas de saúde, visando à otimização do uso dos recursos e à equidade em sua alocação.
Role of cognitive reserve in progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia
Authors: Allegri Ricardo F. , Taragano Fernando E. , Krupitzki Hugo , Serrano Cecilia M. , Dillon Carol , Sarasola Diego , Feldman Mónica , Tufró Graciela , Martelli María , Sanchez Viviana
Published: July 2016

Abstract Cognitive reserve is the ability to optimize performance through differential recruitment of brain networks, which may reflect the use of alternative cognitive strategies. Objectives: To identify factors related to cognitive reserve associated with progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to degenerative dementia. Methods: A cohort of 239 subjects with MCI (age: 72.2±8.1 years, 58% women, education: 12 years) was assessed and followed for five years (2001 to 2006). Results: In the first year, 13.7% of MCI converted to dementia and 34.7% converted within three years (78.3% converted to Alzheimer's dementia). Risk factors for those who converted were education less than 12 years, MMSE score less than 27, Boston naming test score less than 51, IQ (Intelligence Quotient) less than 111, age over 75 years, lack of occupation at retirement, and presence of intrusions in memory recall (all account for 56% of the variability of conversion). Conclusions: MCI patients are a population at high risk for dementia. The study of risk factors (e.g. IQ, education and occupation), particularly those related to cognitive reserve, can contribute important evidence to guide the decision-making process in routine clinical activity and public health policy.
The Mini Mental State Examination: Review of cutoff points adjusted for schooling in a large Southern Brazilian sample
Authors: Kochhann Renata , Varela Juliana Santos , Lisboa Carolina Saraiva de Macedo , Chaves Márcia Lorena Fagundes
Published: July 2016

Abstract The increase in life expectancy can influence the prevalence of dementias in the population. Instruments that evaluate cognitive functions such as the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) are necessary for the investigation of dementia. The supposition that patient score on the MMSE can be influenced by academic level points to the need for establishing cut-off values that take into account educational level. The aim of this study was to review MMSE cut-off values adjusted for schooling in a large southern Brazilian sample. Method: Demographic data and MMSE scores of 968 subjects, of which 162 were dementia patients and 806 healthy participants, were analyzed. The sample was grouped according to education. The cut-off values were established by ROC Curve analysis. Results: The total sample mean age was 70.6±7.3 years, and the mean years of education was 7.2±5.3. The cut-off score of 23 points (sensitivity=86%, specificity=83%) was observed as the optimal level to detect dementia on the MMSE instrument for the overall sample. Regarding level of schooling, the cut-off values were: 21 for the illiterate group (sensitivity=93%, specificity=82%), 22 for the low education group (sensitivity=87%, specificity=82%), 23 for the middle education group (sensitivity=86%, specificity=87%) and 24 for the high education group (sensitivity=81%, specificity=87%). Conclusions: The cut-off values revealed by this analysis, and adjusted for level of schooling, can improve the clinical evaluation of cognitive deficits.
Subjective memory complaints in the elderly may be related to factors other than cognitive deficit
Authors: Aguiar Ana Cristina Procópio de Oliveira , Ribeiro Miriam Ikeda , Jacinto Alessandro Ferrari
Published: July 2016

Abstract Prevalence of subjective memory complaints (SMC) in elderly community dwellers (ECD) ranges from 25 to 50%. Some controversy exists over the association between SMC and cognitive status. Objective: We investigated whether a correlation in cognitive performance existed between two different groups according to SMC. Methods: The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Dementia Rating Scale-Mattis (DRS-Mattis) were applied to two groups: ECD (n=14) with SMC and residents (n=14) of a long-term care facility (LTCF) without SMC. Results: The median age in the ECD group was 81.0 years, and in the LTCF group was 75.0 years. There was a statistically significant difference (p=0.048) between these groups regarding age. Concerning schooling (1-8 or ³9 years), there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.638). No statistically significant difference between the two groups was found for scores on the cognitive tests. Conclusion: SMC might be related to extrinsic factors other than insipient cognitive decline.
Dementia in Fragile X-associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome
Authors: Nitrini Ricardo , Gonçalves Márcia Rúbia R. , Capelli Leonardo P. , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Porto Cláudia Sellitto , Amaro Edson , Otto Paulo Alberto , Vianna-Morgante Angela M.
Published: July 2016

Abstract Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a cause of movement disorders and cognitive decline which has probably been underdiagnosed, especially if its prevalence proves similar to those of progressive supranuclear palsy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We report a case of a 74-year-old man who presented with action tremor, gait ataxia and forgetfulness. There was a family history of tremor and dementia, and one of the patient's grandsons was mentally deficient. Neuropsychological evaluation disclosed a frontal network syndrome. MRI showed hyperintensity of both middle cerebellar peduncles, a major diagnostic hallmark of FXTAS. Genetic testing revealed premutation of the FMR1 gene with an expanded (CGG)90 repeat. The diagnosis of FXTAS is important for genetic counseling because the daughters of the affected individuals are at high risk of having offspring with fragile X syndrome. Tremors and cognitive decline should raise the diagnostic hypothesis of FXTAS, which MRI may subsequently reinforce, while the detection of the FMR1 premutation can confirm the condition.