bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiplex Detection of 24 Staphylococcal Enterotoxins in Culture Supernatant Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled to High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Lefebvre Donatien , Blanco-Valle Kevin , Hennekinne Jacques-Antoine , Simon Stéphanie , Fenaille François , Becher François , Nia Yacine
Published: April 2022

Staphylococcal food poisoning outbreaks are caused by the ingestion of food contaminated with staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs). Among the 27 SEs described in the literature to date, only a few can be detected using immuno-enzymatic-based methods that are strongly dependent on the availability of antibodies. Liquid chromatography, coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), has, therefore, been put forward as a relevant complementary method, but only for the detection of a limited number of enterotoxins. In this work, LC-HRMS was developed for the detection and quantification of 24 SEs. A database of 93 specific signature peptides and LC-HRMS parameters was optimized using sequences from 24 SEs, including their 162 variants. A label-free quantification protocol was established to overcome the absence of calibration standards. The LC-HRMS method showed high performance in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy when applied to 49 enterotoxin-producing strains. SE concentrations measured depended on both SE type and the coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) strain. This study indicates that LC-MS is a relevant alternative and complementary tool to ELISA methods. The advantages of LC-MS clearly lie in both the multiplex analysis of a large number of SEs, and the automated analysis of a high number of samples.
Comparison Evaluation of the Biological Effects of Sterigmatocystin and Aflatoxin B1 Utilizing SOS-Chromotest and a Novel Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryo Microinjection Method
Authors: Csenki Zsolt , Risa Anita , Sárkány Dorottya , Garai Edina , Bata-Vidács Ildikó , Baka Erzsébet , Szekeres András , Varga Mónika , Ács András , Griffitts Jeffrey , Bakos Katalin , Bock Illés , Szabó István , Kriszt Balázs , Urbányi Béla , Kukolya József
Published: April 2022

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a potent mycotoxin and natural carcinogen. The primary producers of AFB1 are Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Sterigmatocystin (STC), another mycotoxin, shares its biosynthetic pathway with aflatoxins. While there are abundant data on the biological effects of AFB1, STC is not well characterised. According to published data, AFB1 is more harmful to biological systems than STC. It has been suggested that STC is about one-tenth as potent a mutagen as AFB1 as measured by the Ames test. In this research, the biological effects of S9 rat liver homogenate-activated and non-activated STC and AFB1 were compared using two different biomonitoring systems, SOS-Chromotest and a recently developed microinjection zebrafish embryo method. When comparing the treatments, activated STC caused the highest mortality and number of DNA strand breaks across all injected volumes. Based on the E. coli SOS-Chromotest, the two toxins exerted the same genotoxicities. Moreover, according to the newly developed zebrafish microinjection method, STC appeared more toxic than AFB1. The scarce information correlating AFB1 and STC toxicity suggests that AFB1 is a more potent genotoxin than STC. Our findings contradict this assumption and illustrate the need for more complex biomonitoring systems for mycotoxin risk assessment.
Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses Isolated from Polish Goats with Arthritis
Authors: Olech Monika , Kycko Anna , Kuźmak Jacek
Published: April 2022

Previous studies revealed that the small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) population in Poland is highly heterogeneous. All SRLVs detected from Polish sheep and goats so far have belonged to subtypes B1, B2, A1, A5, A12, A13, A16, A17, A18, A23 and A24. However, all characterized strains originated from asymptomatic animals. This is the first study that characterizes the molecular properties of SRLVs isolated from different organs of six arthritic goats. Segments from three genomic regions (gag, LTR and env) were analyzed. In addition, we quantified the SRLV proviral load in the blood and different organs and examined its association with different degrees of histopathological lesions. All sequences obtained from the goats involved in this study were homogeneous, showing an average degree of variability of 4.8%, 3.7% and 8.8% for gag, LTR and env, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the sequences from the analyzed goats were clustered within SRLVs group A and formed a new subtype within this group, tentatively named A27. The histopathological examination of the lung, mammary gland, synovial membranes of joints and brain of the analyzed goats revealed evidence of inflammatory processes associated with SRLV infection, which was confirmed by positive immunohistochemistry assays. No significant correlation was observed between histological features and alterations in the sequences from different tissues. No tissue-specific signature pattern was identified. It was shown that animals with a higher proviral load showed more lesion severity in various SRLV-affected tissues, indicating a positive association between these two parameters. Our results also revealed differences in the SRLV load between animals even though the sequences derived from all of the goats were closely related, suggesting that host factors may restrict and control viral replication. This study provides new information about SRLV variants isolated from arthritic goats; however, more studies, including the isolation and characterization of biological properties of these viruses, should be performed to evaluate their pathogenic potential.
Structural Insight into KsBcl-2 Mediated Apoptosis Inhibition by Kaposi Sarcoma Associated Herpes Virus
Authors: Suraweera Chathura D. , Hinds Mark G. , Kvansakul Marc
Published: April 2022

Numerous large DNA viruses have evolved sophisticated countermeasures to hijack the premature programmed cell death of host cells post-infection, including the expression of proteins homologous in sequence, structure, or function to cellular Bcl-2 proteins. Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV), a member of the gammaherpesvirinae, has been shown to encode for KsBcl-2, a potent inhibitor of Bcl-2 mediated apoptosis. KsBcl-2 acts by directly engaging host pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins including Bak, Bax and Bok, the BH3-only proteins; Bim, Bid, Bik, Hrk, Noxa and Puma. Here we determined the crystal structures of KsBcl-2 bound to the BH3 motif of pro-apoptotic proteins Bid and Puma. The structures reveal that KsBcl-2 engages pro-apoptotic BH3 motif peptides using the canonical ligand binding groove. Thus, the presence of the readily identifiable conserved BH1 motif sequence “NWGR” of KsBcl-2, as well as highly conserved Arg residue (R86) forms an ionic interaction with the conserved Asp in the BH3 motif in a manner that mimics the canonical ionic interaction seen in host Bcl-2:BH3 motif complexes. These findings provide a structural basis for KSHV mediated inhibition of host cell apoptosis and reveal the flexibility of virus encoded Bcl-2 proteins to mimic key interactions from endogenous host signalling pathways.
Cytolytic Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Viruses Expressing STLV-1 Receptor Specifically Eliminate STLV-1 Env-Expressing Cells in an HTLV-1 Surrogate Model In Vitro
Authors: Seki Yohei , Kitamura Tomoya , Tezuka Kenta , Murata Megumi , Akari Hirofumi , Hamaguchi Isao , Okuma Kazu
Published: April 2022

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes serious and intractable diseases in some carriers after infection. The elimination of infected cells is considered important to prevent this onset, but there are currently no means by which to accomplish this. We previously developed “virotherapy”, a therapeutic method that targets and kills HTLV-1-infected cells using a cytolytic recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV). Infection with rVSV expressing an HTLV-1 primary receptor elicits therapeutic effects on HTLV-1-infected envelope protein (Env)-expressing cells in vitro and in vivo. Simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1) is closely related genetically to HTLV-1, and STLV-1-infected Japanese macaques (JMs) are considered a useful HTLV-1 surrogate, non-human primate model in vivo. Here, we performed an in vitro drug evaluation of rVSVs against STLV-1 as a preclinical study. We generated novel rVSVs encoding the STLV-1 primary receptor, simian glucose transporter 1 (JM GLUT1), with or without an AcGFP reporter gene. Our data demonstrate that these rVSVs specifically and efficiently infected/eliminated the STLV-1 Env-expressing cells in vitro. These results indicate that rVSVs carrying the STLV-1 receptor could be an excellent candidate for unique anti-STLV-1 virotherapy; therefore, such antivirals can now be applied to STLV-1-infected JMs to determine their therapeutic usefulness in vivo.
No Evidence for Orthohepevirus C in Archived Human Samples in Germany, 2000–2020
Authors: Faber Mirko , Wenzel Jürgen J. , Erl Monika , Stark Klaus , Schemmerer Mathias
Published: April 2022

Orthohepevirus C1, also known as rat hepatitis E virus (HEV), has been shown to sporadically cause disease in immunocompromised and immunocompetent adults. While routine serological assays vary in reactivity, rat HEV is not detected in routine HEV RT-PCR. Thus, such infections could be either missed or misclassified as conventional HEV (Orthohepevirus A) infections. We conducted a retrospective screening study among serum and plasma samples from patients suspected of having HEV infection, which were archived at the national consultant laboratory for HAV and HEV between 2000 and 2020. We randomly selected n = 200 samples, which were initially tested reactive (positive or borderline) for HEV-IgM and negative for HEV RNA and re-examined them using a highly sensitive Orthohepevirus C genotype 1-specific in-house RT-qPCR (LoD 95: 6.73 copies per reaction) and a nested RT-PCR broadly reactive for Orthohepevirus A and C. Conventional sanger sequencing was conducted for resulting PCR products. No atypical HEV strains were detected (0 of 200 [0.0%; 95% confidence interval: 0.0%–1.89%], indicating that Orthohepevirus C infections in the investigated population (persons with clinical suspicion of hepatitis E and positive HEV-IgM) are very rare.
Identification of Potential SARS-CoV-2 CD8+ T Cell Escape Mutants
Authors: Ahmed Syed Faraz , Sohail Muhammad Saqib , Quadeer Ahmed Abdul , McKay Matthew R.
Published: April 2022

Memory SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cell responses induced upon infection or COVID-19 vaccination have been important for protecting against severe COVID-19 disease while being largely robust against variants of concern (VOCs) observed so far. However, T cell immunity may be weakened by genetic mutations in future SARS-CoV-2 variants that lead to widespread T cell escape. The capacity for SARS-CoV-2 mutations to escape memory T cell responses requires comprehensive experimental investigation, though this is prohibited by the large number of SARS-CoV-2 mutations that have been observed. To guide targeted experimental studies, here we provide a screened list of potential SARS-CoV-2 T cell escape mutants. These mutants are identified as candidates for T cell escape as they lie within CD8+ T cell epitopes that are commonly targeted in individuals and are predicted to abrogate HLA–peptide binding.
Individual Preferences for COVID-19 Vaccination under the China’s 2021 National Vaccination Policy: A Discrete Choice Experiment Study
Authors: Wang Siyuan , Nicholas Stephen , Maitland Elizabeth , Leng Anli
Published: April 2022

(1) Background: Since China’s national vaccination policy announcement in January 2021, individual vaccination preferences related to vaccine characteristics, social relationships, sociodemographic characteristics and cognition remain opaque. This study aims to investigate vaccination preferences regarding these attributes, and to assess changes in individual vaccine preferences since the pre-2021 emergency vaccination phase. (2) Methods: The two-part questionnaire surveyed 849 individuals between May and June 2021 in Qingdao, China. The survey contained eight binary choice tasks that investigated preference trade-offs. Respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, including age, sex, urban/rural residence, income, education and whether living with the young or old, were also collected. Conditional logit, mixed logit and latent class models were used to quantify preference utility and identify preference heterogeneity. (3) Results: Vaccine effectiveness, vaccine side effects, duration of protection and probability of infection all significantly affected vaccination utility. Preference heterogeneity based on individual social relationships and sociodemographic characteristics were also established. Marginal analysis showed that compared to the pre-2021 phase, individuals’ preferences had shifted towards vaccines with longer protection periods and better accessibility. (4) Conclusion: This study will inform the full rollout of China’s 2021 national vaccination program and provide valuable information for future vaccination policy design to meet resurgent COVID-19 risks.
Effects of Different Straw Mulch Rates on the Runoff and Sediment Yield of Young Citrus Orchards with Lime Soil and Red Soil under Simulated Rainfall Conditions in Southwest China
Authors: Gao Zechao , Xu Qinxue , Si Qin , Zhang Shuaipu , Fu Zhiyong , Chen Hongsong
Published: April 2022

Soil erosion has been a major environmental issue in young citrus orchards in karst areas of Southwest China. Straw mulching is an effective measure to reduce soil erosion. However, few studies have considered this measure in soil and water conservation in citrus orchards in karst areas. In this study, the effects of straw mulching on runoff and sediment reduction in young citrus orchards were studied using the simulated rainfall method with two typical soils—red soil and lime soil—in karst areas. This study consisted of two rainfall intensities (60 and 120 mm/h) and four straw coverages (0, 20, 50, and 80%). The results showed that straw mulching can significantly reduce surface soil loss in both lime soil and red soil. The surface runoff reduction rate of lime soil with straw mulching was much higher than that of red soil. Under the condition of heavy rainfall (120 mm/h), the surface soil loss rate was reduced by more than 57.5% in lime soil with 20% straw mulching. In red soil, a similar reduction rate of soil loss can only be achieved when straw mulching is 50%. Straw mulching reduced the surface soil loss of lime soil in young citrus orchards, mainly because of limited runoff transport, while red soil was limited by soil stripping. The results can provide a scientific basis for soil and water conservation in young citrus orchards in karst areas.
Household Water Consumption in Spain: Disparities between Region
Authors: Baigorri Bárbara , Montañés Antonio , Simón-Fernández María Blanca
Published: April 2022

This paper studies the regional consumption of household water in Spain in the period 2000–2018. The use of the methodology proposed by Phillips and Sul allows us to conclude that there is no single pattern of behavior across the Spanish regions. By contrast, we can determine the existence of three convergence clubs, confirming serious regional disparities in water consumption. Navarra, País Vasco, La Rioja, and Cataluña are included in the convergence club that shows the lowest levels of household water consumption, while the Islas Canarias, Comunidad Valenciana, Castilla y León and Cantabria belong to that with the highest consumption. The determinants of the forces that drive these convergence clubs are difficult to identify because the demographic, economic and structural variables of the network interact in different ways. Nevertheless, we can select a group of explanatory variables that help to explain the formation of the convergence clubs. These are regional household income, the birth rate in the regions, and the regional spending on environmental protection. Increments in the levels of these variables are helpful for reducing household water consumption.
Function of a Deep-Buried Isolated Trench and Its Effect on Cracking Failure Characteristics of a Slope under Artificial Rainfall
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Rongjian , Zhang Shibin , Li Rongjin , Bai Weishi , Xiao Huiping
Published: April 2022

When tests are conducted on the field slope under artificial rainfall, because artificial rainfall is often limited to implementation in the mode of local rainfall, there is a boundary constraint effect between the rainfall area and the non-rainfall area, which is manifested in the lateral infiltration of rainwater and the slope deformation retardation of non-rainfall area to the rainfall area. Firstly, a deep-buried isolated trench was proposed to solve these boundary constraints. Then, field cracking tests and the corresponding numerical simulation were conducted under rainfall. In the end, the response of water content and the cracking failure characteristics of the slope were analyzed during rainfall, and the effect of a deep-buried isolated trench on the cracking characteristics of the slope was evaluated. The results indicate that the proposed deep-buried isolated trench measure can effectively eliminate the deformation retardation resulting from the adjacent non-rainfall area so a through-crack parallel to the slope shoulder that extended on both sides of the boundary of the rainfall slope was observed at the slope crest and a cracking failure in the shape of the overall downward cutting was realized. As the crack occurred, the rainwater infiltration further aggravated expansion of depthwise cracks, and a local sliding zone was formed in the upper part of the slope. The deep-buried isolated trench solves the boundary constraints, such as lateral infiltration of rainwater and deformation retardation, and can provide an effective technical measure for the field slope test under artificial rainfall.
Implicancias del cambio climático en el rendimiento de la producción de CHENOPODIUM PALLIDICAULE (cañihua) en Lampa, Región Puno-Perú
Authors: Quispe Mamani Julio Cesar , Guevara Mamani Marcial , Aguilar Pinto Santotomas Licimaco , Flores Turpo Giovana Araseli , Velásquez Velásquez Wily Leopoldo , Quispe Lino Carmen Nievez
Published: April 2022

El   objetivo   de   la   investigación   fue determinar el efecto del cambio climático en   la   producción   de   Chenopodium pallidicaule    (cañihua)    en    la    zona productora   de   Lampa,   de   la   región de   Puno-Perú.   Se   utilizó   un   enfoque cuantitativo, aplicando el modelo teórico de la función de producción polinómica de  segundo  grado  para  la  prueba  de hipótesis,    utilizando    la    información del  Ministerio  de  Agricultura  y  Riego  y del  Servicio  Nacional  de  Meteorología e   Hidrología   del   Perú.   Se   determinó que   las   variables   climáticas   influyen en  el  rendimiento  de  la  producción  de Chenopodium    pallidicaule    (cañihua), en un 53.68%. La humedad relativa y la temperatura mínima son las variables que tienen mayor influencia en el rendimiento de la producción de este cultivo, en vista que a un incremento en 1% de la humedad relativa y de la temperatura mínima en 1 °C provoca  un incremento de 15.91 kg/ ha y 7.62 Kg/Ha en el rendimiento de la producción de Chenopodium pallidicaule (cañihua).
Educação Ambiental no contexto pandêmico: aspectos gerais e o caso de São Carlos (SP)
Authors: Santos Junior Edimilson Rodrigues dos , Mendonça Nayara Fernandes de , Almeida Maria Rita Raimundo e
Published: April 2022

A complexidade dos sistemas socioecológicos foi agravada pela COVID-19, que impôs uma série de dificuldades aos processos educacionais. Assim, este artigo objetiva levantar os desafios e perspectivas da prática da Educação Ambiental no contexto pandêmico e, de modo específico, para o caso da cidade de São Carlos (SP). Foi aplicada uma abordagem multi-método, associando Revisão Bibliográfica Sistemática com relatos coletados por um questionário disponibilizado a instituições locais. Dentre os resultados, foram identificadas as necessidades de adaptações das metodologias usualmente desenvolvidas; ressaltada a importância da participação da comunidade; e sintetizadas sugestões ao enfrentamento do cenário atual e futuro.
Vivências de Educação Ambiental a partir de atividades de caracterização de resíduos sólidos em unidades educacionais: estudo de caso realizado em escolas municipais de São José dos Campos (SP)
Authors: Fiore Fabiana Alves , Ferreira Arthur Bispo , Pereira Vanessa Rodrigues , Farinha Elisa Margarida Kovacs , Morais Carlos Alberto Silvestre de
Published: April 2022

O ambiente escolar é um local que possibilita mudança de valores, comportamentos e hábitos, e pode servir como referencial de qualidade no trato de temáticas ambientais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi propiciar vivências de Educação Ambiental relacionadas à geração e composição de resíduos sólidos por meio de estudo de caso realizado em sete unidades educacionais (UEs) no município de São José dos Campos. As vivências foram concebidas de forma colaborativa em oficinas participativas e reuniões de planejamento. Dentre os resultados destacam-se: a adequação da estratégia; que a geração de resíduos nas UEs é, em média, 7,3 vezes menor que a municipal domiciliar e a semelhança de composição com os resíduos sólidos urbanos.
A Educação Ambiental por meio do uso das metodologias ativasum estudo de caso na cidade de Cabo Frio (RJ)
Authors: Soares Pereira Regina Célia , Gouveia Luis Borges , Dinis Maria Alzira Pimenta
Published: April 2022

A oferta escassa nos serviços de saneamento básico, bem como a eliminação inadequada dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) são, historicamente, impasses que o Brasil enfrenta. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar e avaliar o processo ensino e aprendizagem de educando, em relação à abordagem das condições de oferta de saneamento básico e eliminação, de forma imprópria, dos RSU. O público-alvo é composto por 36 discentes: 21 mulheres e 14 homens matriculados no Curso Técnico de Hospedagem integrado ao Ensino Médio (CTHIEM) do Instituto Federal Fluminense, campus de Cabo Frio (IFF-CF). Utilizou-se como estratégia de ensino, o uso das metodologias ativas (MA), a fim de sensibilizar os participantes sobre os agravos ambientais. Investiu-se em uma abordagem pedagógica baseada em situações-problema, além de aplicar um questionário elaborado com 5 questões objetivas, formulado pelo aplicativo Quizizz, onde os participantes, após a experenciação obtiveram uma média de 93,33% de respostas corretas (DP: ±6,97; EP: ±2,95).
Análise comportamental de transeuntes em relação à implementação de lixeiras em espaço público no Nordeste Brasileiro
Authors: Dantas Marcelo Campelo , Cavalcante Antônia Marta , Sabino Maria Jordana Costa , Souza Rafael Britto de
Published: April 2022

O trabalho teve como objetivo averiguar se o comportamento de descarte correto de resíduos dos transeuntes, em espaços públicos na cidade de Crateús (CE), mudaria com a introdução de cestos coletores. A pesquisa envolveu entrevistas com aplicação de questionários. As análises basearam-se no cálculo do Qui-quadrado. Foram entrevistadas 54 pessoas sobre a percepção e a utilização desses recipientes. Três momentos foram escolhidos para fazer a análise, nos 8°, 15° e 21º dias após a implantação dos cestos. Observou-se que independente do tempo de implementação dos coletores, o comportamento não foi alterado, indicando a necessidade de campanhas de sensibilização e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas ausentes.
The role of tranexamic acid in breast and body contouring surgery: a review of the literature
Authors: Wong Daniel , Lam Tai K
Published: April 2022

**Background**: Postoperative seroma and haematoma are two of the most common complications follow-ing large surface area surgeries. A review of the literature was performed to evaluate evidence for the use of tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative seroma and haematoma formation in breast surgery and body contouring surgery.**Methods**: A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Ef-fect (DARE) and PubMed in English from 1 Jan 1990–30 Mar 2020. The search terms ‘TXA’, ‘breast reduction’, ‘mammaplasty’, ‘breast implants’, ‘breast implantation’, ‘breast reconstruction’, ‘mastectomy’, ‘tissue ex-pansion’, ‘body contouring’, ‘breast’ and ‘abdominoplasty’ were used alone and in combination.**Results**: A total of six articles were found including three randomised controlled trials, two cohort studies and one retrospective study. Two ongoing trials were found on The Cochrane Central Register of Con-trolled Trials (CENTRAL). No systematic reviews were found.**Conclusion**: Literature surrounding the use of TXA in breast and body contouring surgery is sparse com-pared to what is available in other surgical sub-specialties. The literature available shows promising results with the use of TXA in controlling haematoma, drain output and seroma formation in breast surgery and body contouring surgery with minimal morbidity in these patient groups
Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in an Australian burns unit
Authors: Lu Patrick , Holden Dane , Padiglione Alex , Cleland Heather
Published: April 2022

**Background** Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is perceived to reduce intraoperative bacteraemia and prevent surgical site infections, however, the evidence for its use in burns surgery is limited. Excessive use of perioperative antibiotics has become a growing concern. The authors aimed to audit the prescribing practices of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis at the Victorian Adult Burns Service and determine whether the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis influenced the risk of postoperative wound infection, bacteraemia and antibiotic resistance. **Methods** This retrospective chart review included all acute adult burns patients who had an operation between November 2018 and November 2019. Basic demographic data, burn-specific data and data on perioperative antibiotic use were collected. The outcome measures were wound infection, bacteraemia, other infections and presence of resistant organisms. **Results** Results demonstrated that almost all patients (98.6%) received perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. In comparison, there was no significant difference between the rate of postoperative wound infection, bacteraemia or antibiotic resistance between patients receiving a short or long course of antibiotics. **Conclusion** The results of our study demonstrate variable use of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis within one burns unit. There were many cases of unsubstantiated use of long courses of antibiotics without apparent benefit for clinical outcomes of wound infection or bacteraemia. With the growing concern over antibiotic overuse and development of resistance, there is an increasing need for development of clear guidelines for antibiotic use in burns surgery.
Música y memoria en Santa Cruz
Authors:   , Ocampo Marisol
Published: April 2022

Esta investigación se inscribe en los estudios sobre arte y memoria, una de las líneas de conocimiento que se proponen desde la Maestría en Comunicación y Derechos Humanos de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Dicha área de interés forma parte de los debates de la carrera en cátedras tales como Derechos Humanos, Comunicación, Cultura y Medios; los talleres de Producción en Narrativas sobre Derechos Humanos; Historia Social de la Violencia Moderna y Memoria(s) y testimonio(s) de la Violencia Moderna, entre otras. Es intención de este trabajo recuperar esas discusiones, que son transversales a lo largo de todo el plan de estudios, para ponerlas en diálogo con un problema específico de investigación. En síntesis, esta tesis está orientada por los debates abordados en las distintas materias del posgrado y constituye una integración de procesos tales como la cursada, la formulación de un problema, sus posteriores reformulaciones y la práctica investigativa misma. La presente investigación se pregunta, fundamentalmente, por la forma en que un conjunto de músicos de Santa Cruz representa en canciones de su autoría la dictadura cívico-militar que tuvo lugar en la República Argentina entre 1976 y 1983. Las múltiples y posibles respuestas a esa pregunta inicial podrán encontrarse en el desarrollo de un trabajo analítico sobre la lírica de esos temas puestos en diálogo con los estudios sobre memoria y categorías teóricas de esta disciplina. Esta labor nos implicó un triple análisis que puso su énfasis en el abordaje textual, contextual y sociológico de esas piezas musicales. En cuanto a sus objetivos, “Música y memoria en Santa Cruz. Recordar y representar la dictadura genocida” se propone como objetivo general analizar y comparar las representaciones sobre la dictadura en una selección de obras musicales de la mencionada provincia, en el período 1987-2015, y dar cuenta de su participación en la construcción de la memoria de Santa Cruz. Para alcanzarlo, se busca conocer las estrategias artísticas de representación en las producciones musicales; identificar las particularidades de los tipos de discursos musicales y determinar la correlación entre el discurso dominante de época con relación a la memoria y el contenido de las letras.
INTERDISCIPLINARITY OF LITERARY ICONOLOGY OF GIORGIO MANGANELLI
Authors: Bandalo Visnja
Published: April 2022

In this paper the attention is focalized on the iconology created by Giorgio Manganelli in his essayistic writings, when they are structured as a combination of a tale and its correspective visual material, in his interest for pictorial imagery since the prehistoricity to contemporaneity, approached not only as a complement, but as a nucleus from which sprang his literary discourse. It is emphasized how visual images convey social aspects of author's thought as a prolific writer in Italian culture and in a global context, whose poetics permeated with an experimentalist vein in the neo-avant-guard spirit, as well as philosophicality, is characterized by the use of narrative or non-fiction modules. Analytical explanations of crucial aspects are given about Manganelli's drawing with words in tones that remain culturally impactful, highlighting the modalities of transcending aesthetic notionality to articulate a figurative syntax. From a compositional-expressive standpoint, the present paper focuses on the juxtaposition of realistic, figurative elements to imaginative, invented details within an authorial style which is occasionally manneristic, creating the situations from which paradoxical and allegorical aspects are deduced. Likewise, the prominence is attributed to the role of photography, as well as the episodes when Manganelli's reasoning assumes the connotations of commenting on architectural aspects or deciphering the geometry of the environments. Concomitantly, in his essayism in which he reflects on the paradigmaticity of the literary trajectories of authors in comparative light, especially of anglophone literature (James, Poe, Yeats, Eliot), of which he was also a translator, a figurative perspective is analyzed.
Miedo al COVID-19, ansiedad, depresión y satisfacción familiar durante la pandemia COVID-19 en adultos de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Silva-Dominguez Daniel Sergio , Luque-Villanueva Yocelin
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre los indicadores de ansiedad, depresión y satisfacción familiar respecto al miedo al COVID-19 durante la pandemia. Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por 556 participantes con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 69 años, varones y mujeres, de la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana. Se utilizó una ficha sociodemográfica e instrumentos psicométricos (Gad-7, ansiedad; PHQ-9, depresión; SSF, satisfacción familiar; y FCV-19, Miedo al COVID-19) para la recolección de los datos. Resultados: se encontraron diferencias significativas según el tiempo de cuarentena (p=0.004), siendo los participantes de la primera ola quienes presentaron mayores indicadores. Conclusión: las variables ansiedad (p<0.001), edad (p<0.001), sexo (p<0.001) y quienes indicaron tener familiares o amigos contagiados por COVID-19 (p=0.049) presentaron relación significativa y directa con el miedo al COVID-19. Mientras que respecto el momento de las olas de contagio (p<0.001) se encontró una relación inversa.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas preventivas del COVID-19 en padres de familia de la provincia de Yauyos-Lima
Authors: Arbieto-Fajardo Alexia del Rosario
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre la prevención del COVID-19 en padres de familia de una institución educativa inicial de la provincia de Yauyos, Lima. Materiales y métodos:  estudio correlacional de corte transversal. La población estuvo constituida por 100 padres de ambos sexos. Se usó el programa estadístico Stata para el análisis univariado y bivariado de los datos. Resultados: los participantes resultaron con promedios de conocimientos de 13.28 puntos. El promedio de actitudes fue de 36.16 y un 62% mostró prácticas regulares sobre prevención del COVID-19. Se encontró relación entre el nivel de prácticas preventivas y las actitudes sobre prevención del COVID-19 (p-valor 0.025). El nivel de prácticas se asoció con la procedencia de información (p-valor 0.050) y la actitud se relacionó con tener algún dispositivo con internet (p-valor 0.001) y con haber tenido COVID-19 (p-valor 0.038). Los conocimientos se relacionaron con el nivel educativo (p-valor 0.025) y contar con un dispositivo con acceso a internet (p-valor 0.002). Conclusión: los padres tienen promedios que indicarían conocimientos altos y actitudes indiferentes, así como prácticas regulares sobre la prevención del COVID-19. El nivel de prácticas se relaciona con la procedencia de la información, la actitud con tener un dispositivo con acceso a internet y con haber tenido COVID-19. Los conocimientos se relacionan con el nivel educativo y con contar con un dispositivo con acceso a internet. Es esencial considerar los conocimientos y actitudes de la población para tomar decisiones y acciones preventivas sobre el COVID-19.
Lessons from Brazil: Opportunities of Bioethanol Biofuel in Indonesia
Authors: Veza Ibham , Djamari Djati Wibowo , Hamzah Nur , Tamaldin Noreffendy , Mairizal Mairizal , Handi Handi , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Usman Ridwan
Published: April 2022

Brazil has a long tradition of bioethanol production from sugarcane. Following the Middle East crisis in the 1970s, the oil price increased twofold, doubling Brazil’s spending on oil imports. As a result, the country had to find an alternative type of fuel to reduce its expenditure on conventional petrol fuels. With its vast tropical land conditions, the Brazilian government then put massive effort to establish the infrastructure and research of bioethanol from 1975 and 1989. Research plays a pivotal role in the success of Brazil’s ethanol industry. The country was heavily criticised at the beginning of the programme, but today, Brazil is the second-largest ethanol producer after the USA. Brazil produces the cheapest ethanol in the world and does not depend on fossil fuel to supply its energy demand. Indonesia and Brazil share the same landscape and geographical advantages. This paper aims to discuss the success of the Brazilian bioethanol industry and draw important lessons from it. In a nutshell, Indonesia should increase bioethanol production from renewable sources. Also, the modernization of distilleries facilities, the establishment of new production plants, the introduction of subsidies and the reduction of taxes for ethanol producers are needed. In summary, apart from massive research and development, we concluded that effective and strong long-term government commitment play important role in shaping the future of the Indonesian bioethanol industry.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU SEKSUAL REMAJA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS DI SMA NEGERI 9 LUWU
Authors: Hamdana Hamdana Marsus , Awal Muhammad Awal , Rahmawati Azis Rahmawati Azis
Published: April 2022

Adolesence is a period of transition that result in sexual function that will cause an impulse to behave sexually in adolescence. Somebehavior patterns begin to form a person including self identity, sexual maturity and the courage to conduct risk behavior. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors affecting the sexual behavior of high school adolescent at SMA Negeri 9 Luwu. The type of research with cross sectional study design. The population of this research was all students of SMA Negeri 9 Luwu totally 402 students, that is class 1 136 students, class 2 136 student and class 3 130 students with a large sample of 80 respondents. The techniques in this research using stratified random sampling method, mesuring tool using questioner. The data analysis used in univariat test to know the characteristics of respondents, bevariates with chi square and multivariates with logistic regression test. Based on the results, knowledge with p 0,003, parents control with p 0,002, the influence of teenage friends with p 0,003, and social media exposure with p 0,001 are affecting factors the sexual behavior of teenagers of SMA Negeri 9 Luwu, while the intensity of the use of social media with p 0,732 is not an influencing factor. Based on multivariate analysis, the effect of teenage friends and social media are exposure to be the most influenced factors. Advise : for teenagers to avoid risk sexual behavior, should have knowledge and appropriate knowledge, parents control, have a good and positive friends and can sorte and filter properly with such information resources.
Da dove è cascata, a Roma, la parola cascherino?
Authors: De Angelis Alessandro
Published: April 2022

Ci è pervenuto un quesito che chiede come è nato il termine cascherino, che indica (o piuttosto indicava) a Roma il garzone del fornaio addetto alle consegne
Ci prefiggiamo o ci prefissiamo?
Authors: Iacobini Claudio
Published: April 2022

Ci sono pervenute varie domande che chiedono di spiegare i punti di contatto e le differenze fra i verbi prefiggere e prefissare, e in particolare tra le forme participiali prefisso e prefissato. 
Analisis Postur Kerja Aktivitas Pemindahan Barang dengan Metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) di UKM Sembako Asri Karawang
Authors: Nanda Riananda , Dene Dene Herwanto , Asep Asep Erik Nugraha
Published: April 2022

Abstrak, Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) adalah masalah ergonomi yang sering dijumpai di tempat kerja, khususnya yang berhubungan dengan kekuatan dan ketahanan manusia dalam melakukan pegawaiannya. Aktivitas pemindahan barang secara manual berisiko mengalami gangguan MSDs. Studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan di UKM Asri Karawang menunjukkan bahwa pegawai di bagian gudang yang bertugas memindahkan barang sering mengalami keluhan pada bagian lengan, pinggang, dan punggung. Tujuan penelitian ini memberikan usulan perbaikan sikap kerja dengan membuat rancangan alat bantu kerja untuk mecegah keluhan MSDs. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) untuk mengidentifikasi keluhan otot skeletal yang dirasakan oleh pegawai serta menggunakan kuesioner nordic body map (NBM) untuk mengetahui kategori tingkat risiko MSDs. Metode ergonomic function deployment (EFD) untuk merancang alat bantu sesuai kebutuhan pegawai sesuai voice of customer (VoC). Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data menggunakan software Ergofellow 3.0 dapat disimpulkan bahwa postur kerja berdiri pada kegiatan pengangkatan barang mendapatkan grand score sebesar 6 yang berarti memiliki level risiko sedang dan perbaikan dapat dilakukan jika diperlukan. Postur kerja berjalan dengan tangan membawa barang dan menurunkan barang memiliki grand score sebesar 7 yang berarti memiliki level risiko tinggi dan harus segera di lakukan perbaikan. Untuk mengurangi postur kerja yang tidak ergonomis, dibuat rancangan alat bantu berupa troli hidrolik menggunakan software Solidworks 2020 SP5. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan postur kerja menggunakan alat bantu troli hidrolik, kegiatan memangangkat, membawa, dan menurunkan barang mendapatkan grand score 3 yang berarti memiliki level risiko rendah. 

 

Kata Kunci Postur Kerja, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment, Grand Score.
O‘ZBEK TILIDA YURISH-HARAKAT FE’LLARINING AKSIONAL TASNIFI
Authors: MUMINOVA Aziza
Published: April 2022

Maqolada o‘zbek tilidagi yurish-harakat fe’llarining aksional tasnifi amalga oshirilgan. Muallif, yurish-harakat fe’llarining aksional semantikasini chuqurroq tahlil qilish maqsadida, jahon tilshunoslarining mazkur muammo yuzasidan bildirgan fikr-mulohazalarini o‘rganib, ularga o‘z munosabatini bildigan. Ishda, yurish-harakat fe’llari uch: chegaralangan, chegaralanmagan, limitativ neytral xususiyatli fe’llar guruhiga ajratilib, ularningaksionalsemantikasi tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, maqolada turkiyshunos olimlarning aksionallik (chegaralanganlik/chegaralanmaganlik, limitativ neytrallik) borasidagi qarashlari va yondashuvlari o‘z ifodasini topgan.
РОЛЬ КВАЛИФИКАЦИОННОЙ ПРАКТИКИ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ БУДУЩИХ УЧИТЕЛЕЙ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ
Authors: NORMURATOVA Valentina
Published: April 2022

В статье рассматриваются возможности пассивной квалификационной практики, проводимой в шестом семестре (направление бакалавриата 5120100 — филология и языки обучения) для формирования методической компетенции будущих учителей английского языка. Целью данной практики является формирование методической компетенции практикантов как одной из важнейшей части их профессиональной компетенции. В статье акцентируется внимание на научной трактовке особенностей методической компетентности учителей иностранного языка. В данной статье представлены структурные компоненты и уровни формирования методической компетенции, которые влияют на постановку задач для разных этапов практики. Методисты могут найти здесь описание одного из возможных вариантов процедуры проведения пассивной квалификационной практики и некоторые способы корреляции формирования компонентов методической компетенции в соответствии с предлагаемыми методическими заданиями для различных этапов практики. Особое внимание в данной статье также уделено значению предмета «Методика обучения языкам и образовательные технологии» для развития методической компетенции практикантов в ходе практики. Посильность заданий для каждого этапа практики основывается на знаниях, умениях и навыках, которые студенты получили во время лекций, семинаров, подготовки курсовых работ по данному предмету.
Distribución ética de recursos, cuidados paliativos y otros aspectos bioéticos de relevancia en tiempos de pandemia en México
Authors: Tudela Cuenca Julio , De los Ríos Uriarte María Elizabeth , Hernández González Jhosue Alfredo
Published: April 2022

La atención médica durante la pandemia de COVID-19 representó grandes retos éticos y bioéticos. Entre los más complejos estuvieron la distribución de recursos sanitarios y la consecuente selección de pacientes para atender sus posibilidades de supervivencia, y la incorporación de los cuidados paliativos, el consentimiento informado y las voluntades anticipadas a los protocolos de actuación y admisión de pacientes. Desde criterios utilitaristas, que pugnaban únicamente por el valor social y la utilidad, hasta criterios personalistas basados en los principios de subsidiariedad y solidaridad, la atención de los pacientes se volvió apremiante sin importar su condición. En este artículo se aborda el dilema sobre los criterios de distribución que fue profundizándose a lo largo de este tiempo, y se propone que la protección de la salud, siendo un derecho humano universal, no puede pasar inadvertida en pacientes con pronósticos desfavorables, proponiéndose la incorporación de cuidados paliativos en la atención médica.
Humanization in Educational Environments; Aspects Necessary for Living in School Today
Authors: Tomé José Manuel Salum
Published: April 2022

While it is true, quality has always been measured through statistics and percentages, often forgetting the training of the whole person. Now, when we talk about issues such as humanism and education supported by technology, we can fall into extremes: it is common to label technology as the provider of all the evils of today's civilization; or the opposite assumption; to argue that incorporating technologies into education would be the panacea for all the problems it faces and finally, to assume that the subject of the humanities is more typical of actions and attitudes of the past than as a current need, giving vitality to any educational process. However, and fortunately for the educational community, today there are global efforts to make the educational task a human action that minimizes inequities and the abysmal differences that exist in countries like ours. Fernando Reimers says: “Equal educational opportunities must be the priority objective of educational policies, the aim of education must be to contribute to creating just societies. This requires improving the learning environments of the poor, but not only along the paths that have been started over the last decade. This aspect pointed out by Reimers is precisely the central aspect that all educational action must contemplate, the educational policies that are implemented in our country must guarantee, above all, the construction of a just and egalitarian society, strengthening the cultural wealth that we have, with respect to the diversity of people, their past, their present and especially their future.
Analysis of the Determinants of Performance in the Management of Human Resources at the Ministry of Public Health and the Fight against AIDS: Case of Bujumbura Health Province
Authors: Midende L. , Manirakiza I. , Nyabenda M. , Uwimana J. , Habonimana J.B. , Uyambaje M.T. , Ndayishimiye V.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of our work is to show how Bujumbura health province leaders contribute to the performance of Human Resources. Our research focused on the analysis of the determinants of performance in the management of human resources at the Ministry of Public Health and the fight against AIDS, case Bujumbura health province (2015-2020). Under the supervision of our research director, we developed and completed the survey questionnaire which included the demographic informations of the participants such as gender, age, education level , professional category and experience. We used the qualitative method, which aims to understand and analyze the responses of respondents and to better distinguish and collect information. We had recourse to the review of documentation, organization of a survey, choice of respondents, examination of questionnaires, analysis and synthesis of informations. The results showed us that in 16 executives surveyed, 14 responded satisfied and 36 collaboration agents surveyed, 32 responded satisfied while 28 enforcement officers surveyed, 18 responded satisfied with their performance management policy: 80% of the respondents answered that a lack of motivation of human resources causes a dysfunction of the system which causes a blockage in the value system, that leads to an unforeseen change and constraints, source of problems for the company. The human resources performance management policy applied in the Bujumbura health province to its staff meets their expectations, but requires some improvements from which we suggest that managers consider that the produced document is official and can be put into practice, available to applicants likely to provide added value.