bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS RESPON SISWA SMA PLUS AL-AZHAR JEMBER TERHADAP MODUL FISIKA DIGITAL BERBASIS ARTICULATE STORYLINE 3 POKOK BAHASAN HUKUM NEWTON TENTANG GRAVITASI
Authors: Midroro Jihan Ni'ami , Prastowo Sri Handono Budi , Nuraini Lailatul
Published: April 2021

Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on many things, one of which is education. Changes that occur in the field of education are a learning system that is used as a distance learning system. Physics is a subject that is considered less attractive and tends to be boring. One of the reasons physics is considered boring is the lack of learning media to support physics material, especially digital ones. The purpose of this study was to analyze the responses of Al-Azhar Jember Senior High School students after using physics learning media in the form of an interactive digital physics module based on Articulate Storyline3, the subject of Newton's law about gravity. This research method is a quantitative research method using an instrument in the form of a response questionnaire given to class X MIPA SMA Plus Al-Azhar Jember via the google form page. Based on the research that has been done, it shows that digital physics moul gets a very positive response from respondents. The digital physics module obtained a score of 81, 60% on a limited scale trial and a score of 83.86% on a wide-scale trial.

 

Keywords: digital module, physics learning, students response
PERBANDINGAN PLAYFAIR CIPHER DENGAN 3D PLAYFAIR CIPHER PADA PENGAMANAN CITRA
Authors: Sukmawati Rika Ayu , Riski Abduh , Kamsyakawuni Ahmad
Published: April 2021

The development of sending messages that are increasingly easy and sophisticated makes it easier for third parties to access or sabotage the contents of the message, so we need a science called cryptography to secure the message. This research is to secure the message on image encoding using Playfair Cipher and 3D Playfair Cipher. The process of encryption and decryption on Playfair Cipher uses two-letter pairs (bigram), while in 3D Playfair Cipher uses three-letter pairs (trigrams). The encryption process uses Playfair Cipher and 3D Playfair Cipher to produce a different image cipher with plain image visually. In the decryption process, the cipher image returns into the plain image using Playfair Cipher and 3D Playfair Cipher. Histogram analysis, NPCR, and UACI are used to see the difference between ordinary images and password images using Playfair Cipher and 3D Playfair Cipher. The average results of histogram analysis that shows safe based on research data are 14061,483 using 3D Playfair Cipher, the average NPCR results that show safe based on research data are 99.2% using Playfair Cipher, and the average UACI results showing safe based on research data is 29.1% using 3D Playfair Cipher. The results of the study indicate that the proposed method can be used to secure the message.
PEMANFAATAN ITERATED FUNCTION SYSTEM (IFS) UNTUK MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIF ANYAMAN UKURAN n x n
Authors: Maris Ingka , Purnomo Kosala Dwidja , Juliyanto Bagus
Published: April 2021

Woven is one of art thats very close to life. Woven has a pattern consisting of  two-dimensional (2D) and has a basic pattern. Along with the development times, technology is also growing including computer technology. Computer can be used for mathematical calculation process, one of them is fractal. Fractal Sierpinski carpet is formed from a square that use Iterated Function System (IFS) method. This method is exact self-similar resulting in the same fractal with the original constituent object. The writer want to get woven pattern using computer technology, that is GUI application in Matlab that utilizes the IFS method on fractal. Woven patterns formed from woven that have a grid size of  n x n and are given a few iterations. So, that it can make it easier for craftsmen to make woven pattern that are interesting and varied.
PENENTUAN JENIS FUNGSI BASIS RADIAL DALAM DUAL RECIPROCITY BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Zahroh Millatuz
Published: April 2021

Problems involving modified Helmholtz equation are considered in this paper. To solve the problem numerically, dual reciprocity boundary element method (DRBEM) is employed. Some stage have been passed, using reciprocal relation to approximate boundary integral and domain integral in modified Helmholtz equation . Until, linear equation system are obtained in matrix form. MATLAB is used to calculate the solutions of Solutions of are compared between the exact solution and the numerical solution of modified Helmholtz equation. The numerical results are based on the using of three types of radial basis function to approximate domain integral, such as polinomial, poliharmonik spline and linear types. The solutions show that the polinomial and poliharmonik spline types are more stable and approach to exact solution than linear types.
CT patterns in the differential diagnosis of the etiology of liver abscesses
Authors: Zelter P. M. , Sidorov E. A. , Kramm E. K. , Solovov D. V.
Published: April 2021

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) have become the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in oncohematological patients and hematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipients (HSCT). But at the same time, fungal infections are less than 2 % of the causes of liver abscesses in patients without onco-hematological diseases. Doctors from hospitals with onco-hematology departments encounter this more often and know the typical picture of fungal liver abscesses, but for others doctors, who do not have sufficient experience, this finding may not seem like something familiar. This is why knowing the typical patterns of fungal liver disease is so important. We have studied the typical patterns of abscesses in patients with hematological oncology and present a clinical case of patient D, 48 years old. Differential diagnosis of the etiological agent of the abscess is difficult, but in some cases the picture is specific: in the described case, the multiplicity and small size of the foci made it possible at an early stage to effectively identify the fungal nature of the disease and begin the right treatment.
Prospects for the use of porous composite materials in products for respiratory protection from viral and bacterial infections
Authors: Chipizubov V. V. , Sukhonin P. N. , Petrash V. V.
Published: April 2021

The effectiveness of cleaning the air flow from the droplet and dispersed phases of liquids, which are the main medium for transporting most respiratory viruses from the carrier to the infected person, was assessed. Samples of Cribrol, polymer composite with a three-dimensional fractal mesh structure of through and non-through pores from 5 to 150 μm, were examined. The experiments showed high hygroscopic properties of this material, providing moisture absorption of more than 700 % of the dry weight of the test sample. It has been found that Cribrol can undergo thermal decontamination in heating devices and can be used repeatedly. This material has been concluded to be promising for use in PPE, and its structure can easily be adapted to various respiratory personal protective equipment (PPE).
Moral and ethical aspects of organ donation for transplantation – catechism project
Authors: Yaremin B. I. , Pushkin S. Yu. , Navasardyan A. S. , Selyutin A. A. , Gubarev K. K. , Alexandrova V. E.
Published: April 2021

The moral and ethical aspects of organ donation for transplantation constitute a new section of the doctor's activity. The correct and motivated awareness of the answers to the main questions that may arise from members of the public, patients, members of their families, medical personnel, undoubtedly, is within the competence of the doctor. This work is devoted to the analysis of existing approaches to answering the main questions arising around the activity of preserving the organs of the deceased for transplantation. The work was done in the format of a catechism, questions and the answers offered to them. Answers are given as one of the options.
Kulturrevolution? Nachhaltige Mobilität in der Erlebnisgesellschaft
Authors:   , Döppe Christoph
Published: April 2021

Dissertation zur Thematik der nachhaltigen Mobilität als mögliche Kulturrevolution im Automobilland Deutschland.
Factores asociados a la comercialización de colorante de maíz morado en la industria alimentaria y su relación con las exportaciones a Estados Unidos periodo 2015 – 2019
Authors:   , Romero Ortega Doris Paula , Scamarone Cornejo Priscilla Nicolle
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es determinar si los factores asociados a la comercialización del colorante de maíz morado, con la subpartida número 320300160000, tiene relación significativa con las exportaciones del producto a Estados Unidos en la industria alimentaria en el periodo 2015 al 2019. Dentro los factores mencionados anteriormente, se consideraron: el apoyo del estado peruano, la competitividad de empresas de productos orgánicos en Estados Unidos y la tendencia por el consumo de productos saludables.
Pengaruh Bokashi Limbah Bunga Jantan Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Edamame
Authors: - Hairullah , Heiriyani Tuti , Khamidah Noor
Published: April 2021

Oil palm plantations in South Kalimantan are large enough to produce a lot of waste in the form of male flowers. Oil palm male flowers have not been used optimally, but have the potential to be used as organic fertilizer or bokashi because they contain nutrients which are then able to support growth in plants and fertilize the soil (Hamidiyanto, 2012). Edamame soybean production in South Kalimantan is still minimal, so it needs to be increased, one of which is the use of bokashi fertilizer. The utilization of oil palm male flower waste into bokashi is expected to increase the amount of growth and yield of edamame plants. The research was carried out from February-May 2020 in the land around the greenhouse of the Agroecotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, and the Laboratory for Commodity and Environmental Testing of the Banjarbaru Industrial Research and Standardization Center (BARISTAND). The design in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, namely the provision of bokashi waste from male oil palm flowers with different doses, namely K1 = 160 grams of bokashi, K2 = 180 grams of bokashi, and K3 = 200 grams of bokashi. The results showed that the application of bokashi from oil palm male flower waste on K2 treatment of 180 grams of bokashi and K3 of 200 grams of bokashi had a significant effect on plant height and number of leaves and number of pods in edamame plants, but did not significantly affect the dry weight of 100 seeds. The best dose of bokashi for yield and growth of edamame plants is the treatment of K2 = 180 grams.
Uji Berbagai Konsentrasi Konidia Beauveria bassiana (Balls) Vuill Terhadap Mortalitas Hama Putih Palsu (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee)) pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Alfian Sain Muhammad , Aziza Noor Laili , Jumar Jumar
Published: April 2021

One of the biological obstacles faced in conducting rice farming is the presence of fake white pests. False white pests (C. medinalis) are potential pests, because the symptoms of false white pests are quite high and are often found in rice plants. These pests usually cause significant yield losses, especially on land that is over-fertilized and planted during the rainy season (Surtikanti, 2011). One of the efforts to deal with these pests is to use the biological agent Beauveria bassiana. B. bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungi that are environmentally friendly, cheap and easy to produce. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying various concentrations of B. bassiana conidia on the mortality of false white pests (C. medinalis) and to determine the most effective concentration in increasing mortality of false white pests (C. medinalis). This study used a randomized block design (RBD) method with single factor treatment in the form of various concentrations of B. bassiana conidia which consisted of five treatments, namely b0: control (no treatment), b1: conidia concentration of B. bassiana 1x 104 conidia.ml-1, b2: conidia concentration B. bassiana 1x 106 conidia ml.-1, b3: conidia B. bassiana concentration 1x 108 conidia ml.-1 and b4: conidia B. bassiana concentration 1x 1010 conidia ml.-1. The results showed that testing various concentrations of B. bassiana conidia had no effect on mortality of false white pests (C. medinalis). The highest percentage of mortality against false white pests (C. medinalis) is only 12.5%, so there is no concentration that is most effective in increasing the mortality of false white pests (C. medinalis).
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk N dan Bokashi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays Saccharata Sturt L.)
Authors: Auliani Noor Hikmah , Langai Bambang Fredrickus , Nisa Chatimatun
Published: April 2021

This research was conducted in August - November 2019 in Tungkaran Village (Maju Bersama Farmer Group) Martapura Kab. Banjar, South Kalimantan Province and Laboratory of Agroecotechnology Production, Faculty of Agriculture, ULM Banjarbaru. This experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) 2 factors which included 5 doses of N fertilizer (first factor) and 4 doses of bokashi fertilizer (second factor) with 2 replications. The results of this research stated that the most significant impact on the interaction of N and bokashi fertilizers were plant height (28 dast and 35 dst), plant wet weight, plant dry weight, number of seeds / rows, many cob weighted and many ears without weight. sweet corn plants, namely the N fertilizer at a dose of 90 kg N/ha to 180 kg N/ha as well as the bokashi fertilizer at a rate of 15 tons/ha.
Evaluasi Kesuburan Tanah Ultisol pada Pertanaman Karet di Kecamatan Cempaka Kota Banjarbaru, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Daksina Byanra Firas , Makalew Anna Maria , Langai Bambang Fredrickus
Published: April 2021

Rubber is one of the mainstay commodity plantations that plays a role in the national economy, including in the economy of South Kalimantan Province. The purpose of this study was to determine the fertility status of Ultisols in rubber plantations in Cempaka District, Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan Province. Using a survey method, the rubber planting location was determined through purposive sampling. Observation variables include pH H2O 1:5; cation exchange capacity, CEC (me / 100 g) and base saturation, KB (%) 1N NH4OAc extract pH 7.0; P-total (mg / 100g) and K-total (mg / 100g) 25% HCL extract; and the C-organic (%) Walkey and Black method. The soil fertility status was determined according to PPT, 1995. The results showed that Ultisol soil in rubber plantations in Cempaka District, Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan Province had low fertility status. This low fertility status is due to the nature of the soil which has acid criteria, a pH of 4.90; KTK is classified as medium criteria, amounting to 18.78 me / 100 g; KB is classified as very low, amounting to 9.99%; P-Total classified as low, a number of 4.63 (mg / 100g); K-Total classified as low, worth 16.32 (mg / 100g); and C- Organic which is included in the moderate criteria, amounting to 2.11%. This study revealed that the main inhibiting factors for soil fertility in rubber plantation in Cempaka District were pH, KB, P-total, and K-Total. To improve soil fertility status, calcification, addition of organic matter, and fertilization can be carried out.
Economic Activities of Natural Herbal Homes Lestari Herbal Village as a Learning Resource on Social Studies
Authors: Fatimah Desy , Winarso Heru Puji , Handy Muhammad Rezky Noor
Published: April 2021

Aktivitas ekonomi konstruktif berbasis lingkungan dapat diintegrasikan secara kontekstual pada pembelajaran IPS. Rumah Herbal Alam Lestari di Komplek Bukit Permata Indah (Kampung Herbal) Banjarbaru merupakan usaha yang menjual berbagai produk obat herbal. Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan aktivitas ekonomi di Rumah Herbal Alam Lestari yang memanfaatkan lingkungan untuk ditanami tumbuhan herbal dalam upaya meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat sekaligus sebagai lingkungan hijau. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif yang untuk mendapatkan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang didapat direduksi, disajikan dalam bentuk narasi yang dilengkapi gambar dan tabel analisis materi untuk selanjutnya disimpulkan. Keabsahan data melalui triangulasi waktu, sumber, dan teknik. Hasil  penelitian mendeskripsikan aktivitas ekonomi Rumah Herbal Alam Lestari memproduksi dua macam produk yaitu obat herbal dan tumbuhan langsung dari ukuran besar maupun kecil, didistribusikan dan dikonsumsi atau digunakan oleh masyarakat, dengan aktivitas ekonomi ini dapat diintegrasikan sebagai sumber belajar IPS di kelas VII pada materi aktivitas ekonomi (produksi, distribusi, dan konsumsi) yang berkonsep lingkungan.
Basic Training at BPSDM of South Kalimantan Province as a Vehicle for The Formation of Civil Servant Disciplinary Attitudes
Authors: Mahfuzah Ana , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Mutiani Mutiani
Published: April 2021

Pada dasarnya tidak semua aparatur sipil negeri (ASN) memiliki citra positif dalam persepsi masyarakat. Hal tersebut terlihat misalnya dari kurangnya disiplin ASN. Untuk menyikapi hal tersebut Pemerintah Republik Indonesia melakukan Latihan Dasar (Latsar) bagi seluruh calon pegawai negeri sipil (CPNS) yang dilaksanakan oleh Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mendeskripsikan kegiatan selama Latsar CPNS dalam disiplin ASN. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, sedangkan keabsahan data dilakukan melalui perpanjangan pengamatan, membercheck, menggunakan bahan referensi, dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan selama Latsar CPNS memberikan dampak positif terhadap pola sikap ASN, terutama dalam kedisiplinan ASN yang semakin meningkat.
Literature Study of Social Studies Learning Materials About the Parliamentary Democracy Period 1950-1959
Authors: Sari Devita , Subiyakto Bambang , Mutiani Mutiani
Published: April 2021

Materi pembelajaran Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS), Masa Demokrasi Parlementer 1950-1959, termuat dalam buku teks Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI berbasis Kurikulum 2013 yang direvisi tahun 2018. Buku ini idealnya disusun berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan Kompetensi Dasar (KD), sebab aspek yang akan dicapai oleh peserta didik melalui pembelajaran IPS tidak hanya meliputi aspek pengetahuan namun dalam keseimbangan dengan aspek keterampilan. Pentingnya kesesuaian materi pembelajaran IPS dengan Kompetensi Dasar agar materi yang disajikan guru meliputi tiga aspek penting yaitu sikap, pengetahuan serta keterampilan, sehingga tujuan pembelajaran tercapai. Tujuan artikel ini untuk mengetahui kesesuaian materi Masa Demokrasi Parlementer 1950-1959 dengan KD. Metode yang digunakan studi literatur, yaitu mengumpulkan buku, jurnal dan pustaka lainnya yang relevan. Pencarian data dilakukan dengan menggunakan mesin pencarian seperti google scholar dan e-book. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kesesuaian antara materi ajar sub tema masa demokrasi parlementer dengan kompetensi dasar, karena sudah merujuk pada pengembangan kompetensi pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta didik.
Chinese Bond Market
Authors: Jiang W. , Lapshin V.
Published: April 2021

The article shows the history of Chinese bond market’s development and its current features: scale, structure, participants, traded instruments, mechanism of state regulation.
The UN Security Council Resolution 1540: to Strengthen the International Law in Non-Proliferation Sphere
Authors: Kirichenko E.
Published: April 2021

The article addresses the UNSC Resolution 1540 as the unique legally binding document strengthening international legal basis of MDW non-proliferation regime. It analyses the activity of Committee 1540, its priorities, as well as results of monitoring of Resolution implementation by the states-parties to the United Nations.
Supranational Developments in the European Union: Changeable Balance of the Public Opinion
Authors: Khokhlov I.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of socio-cultural state of the European community during the period of crisis and mass manifestations of protest. In spite of the current instability in the world the EC continues to maintain its “acquis” (the composition of the membership, single currency etc.). This article contains a periodization that reflects tendencies in the trends of public opinion under the influence of internal and external factors. Countries are ranked according to the level of their social and economic development, which allowed to analyze the dependence of public opinion in support of the EC upon the state of the economy. For instance, in the Mediterranean countries that use to be “euroenthusiasts” the level of support became lower than the average for the EC.
EC Single Market: Theory and Practice
Authors: Kondrat'eva N.
Published: April 2021

In terms of several economic and political theories the author explains driving forces and consequences of the European countries markets’ unification. Also, the article comprehends practical implementation and expert interpretations of these theories.
The USA: New Stage of Development
Authors: Zagladin N.
Published: April 2021

In today’s world the U.S. ruling elite has proved unable to maintain its claim to world leadership by relying on military force. It was also necessary to make corrections in the budget and tax policy and to limit further increase of the state debt. The problems of choosing political alternatives, however, have provoked a serious conflict between the republican and the democratic parties, involving public movements. In fact, the US political system is in the state of crisis that exerts influence on Russian-American relations.
Globalization and Developing Countries: Environmental Aspect
Authors: Rogozhina N.
Published: April 2021

In the article the widespread opinion concerning the exclusively negative impact of globalization on environmental situation in developing countries is disputed. But analysis of environmental consequences of trade and investment liberalization in these states proves that the role of foreign investments in deteriorating of national environmental situation is too exaggerated. On the contrary, the "export of environmentalism" is associated with TNK activities. On the one hand, globalization originates new threats. On the other hand, the integration of developing countries into the world economy favors the solution of many environmental problems by attraction of foreign private investments in industrial development and costly infrastructure projects; transfer of clean technology; promotion of international environmental cooperation and increase of environmental responsibility of national business.
Russia in the Settings of Political Parties of the FRG
Authors: Basov F.
Published: April 2021

This paper offers the analysis on Russia in the settings of German political parties. The author focuses on reactions of German political parties to the last trends in Russian social and political development. Parties’ influence on the creation of German policy towards Russia, and relations between the parties and interest groups (economic actors and human rights activists, which determine the policy towards Russia) are thoroughly examined in the article.
The Nordic Countries after Crisis
Authors: Volkov A.
Published: April 2021

After the crisis of 2008–2009 the Nordic countries faced a new economic recession in 2012. It was caused by a decrease of demand on foreign markets that resulted in decrease of Nordic countries’ exports. Economic growth in 2012 and 2013 was supported by growing consumption of the households and private incomes. Investments showed weak increase (except Norway). Unemployment was still at high level, inflation was low. Public finances showed deficit (except Norway), while balances of payments were positive (except Finland). Interest rates were at very low level.
Motivations of China’s Participation in the BRICS
Authors: Leksyutina Y.
Published: April 2021

The article identifies and characterizes the basics of China’s ever-increasing interests in the BRICS. It is concluded that Chinese strategy makes the stress on consolidation of BRICS countries‘ efforts in promoting reformation of the global governance system, primarily such institutions as IMF, WB and WTO. Beijing also appreciates BRICS’ potential in improving and accelerating China’s relations with emerging and developing states.
Changing of Priorities for the Sake of Coming out from the Strategic Dead-End
Authors: Arbatov A.
Published: April 2021

The article is dedicated to the state and prospects of the US-Russian dialogue on strategic arms control. Military-strategic and political reasons of the deadlock of negotiations existing since 2011 are discussed. Special attention is addressed to the situation in the area of strategic nuclear offensive arms, anti-ballistic missile systems, and advanced offensive conventional long-range weapons. The ways of achieving a breakthrough out of the present dead end and progress towards a next START treaty are proposed. Foremost this implies shifting the accent from the resolution of the BMD problem to the limitation of conventional strategic offensive systems. Also political obstacles and conditions for the progress of negotiations are analyzed.
SARS-CoV2 Variants and Vaccines mRNA Spikes Fibonacci Numerical UA/CG Metastructures
Authors: Perez Jean-Claude
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we suggest a biomathematical numerical method analysing mRNA nucleotides sequences based on UA/CG Fibonacci numbers proportions. This method is used to evaluate then compare the spike genes related to the main SARS-CoV2 VARIANTS circulating presently within the world. The 9 main results proposed to be reproduced by peers are: 1/ SARS-CoV2 genome and spike evolution in one year 2020-2021. 2/ SARS-CoV2 Origins. 3/ Comparing 11 reference variants spikes. 4/ analysing 32 CAL.20C california variant patients spikes. 5/ Toward a meta mRNA Fibonacci gene end message code. 6/ analysing S501 UK, S484 South Afrika and « 2 mutations » IINDIA variants. 7/ Suggesting a possible variants spike mRNA palindrome symmetry metastructure improving mRNA stability then infectuosity. 8/ Analysing Fibonacci Metastructures in the mRNA coding for the vaccines PFIZER and MODERNA. 9/ Does the CG-rich modification of the synonymous codons of the spikes of the 2 mRNA vaccines affect the expression and quantity of SARS-CoV2 antibodies? Particularly, we suggest the following conjecture at mRNA folding level : CONJECTURE of SARS-CoV2 VARIANTS: The growth of long Fibonacci structures in the shape of "podiums" for almost all of the variants studied (UK, California, South Afrika, India, etc.) suggests the probable folding of the Spike mRNA in the form of a "hairpin", which can strengthen the cohesion and the lifespan of this mRNA. Finally, we show that this kind of Fibonacci matastructures disapears TOTALLY analysing the published mRNA sequences of PFIZER and MODERNA vaccines. One fact is certain, the 2 mRNAs of the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines will result in a low functionality of the spike vaccine because by doping these sequences in CG rich, their designers, in search of greater STABILITY of these RNAs will have built, according to us , sequences which, as soon as they are inserted into the human host, will seek to mutate, like SARS-CoV2 variants, towards CG ==> UA forms in order to improve, paradoxically, their STABILITY and probably also their LIFETIME.. Particularly, using new biomathematics theoretical methods (Master code and numerical standing waves), and comparing the Spikes of the 2 vaccines Moderna and Phizer, we conclude a very probable difference in stability and shelf life of the 2 respective mRNAs of these 2 vaccines. However, the “State of the Art” will tell you that their 2 protein sequences are strictly identical. However, by having modified their synonymous codons using different strategies, no one can guarantee that the quantity of antibodies generated will be identical in the 2 cases.
MODERN SLAVERY IN FISHING INDUSTRY: THE NEED TO STRENGTHEN LAW ENFORCEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Authors: Yuliantiningsih Aryuni , Barkhuizen Jaco
Published: April 2021

The global fishing industry supports the livelihoods of millions, however, it adversely allows the occurrence of crimes throughout the value chain, especially modern slavery.  This research aims to examine the current existence of slavery in the fishing industry for the state to determine the best way to deal with its repeated occurrence. Studies show that slavery still exists due to the vulnerability of the fishing sector. These include the prolonged timeframe onboard which prevents the crew from leaving the vessel, poor working conditions, the long-hours associated with the catching process, lack of access to authorities, use of foreign flags to create barriers to the law enforcement, use of migrant labour lacking representation and the lack of governmental oversight or support. This research states that it is important to combat modern slavery by strengthening law enforcement, policy, and international cooperation between States, by involving the source, flag, coastal, port, trade and market States based on international and national law
CYBER-ATTACK IN ESTONIA: A NEW CHALLENGE IN THE APPLICABILITY OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW
Authors: Zahra Iradhati , Handayani Irawati , Christianti Diajeng Wulan
Published: April 2021

This article aimed to analyze the classification of armed conflict in Estonia's cyber-attack and how the existing IHL are answering this problem, and whether those regulations are enough for future cases of cyber-attack. This article uses the normative method by comparing the Geneva Convention 1949 and Additional Protocol I 1977 with Rule 30 Tallinn Manual 1.0 and some relevant literary works, using a descriptive-analytic to explain the object comprehensively. The result shows that Estonia's cyber-attack could be classified as an International Armed Conflict, which first started as a Non-International Armed Conflict by proving attribution from Russia to Nashi Youth Group following the Overall Control in Tadic Case. The distinction between information warfare and cyber-attack is related to the physical impact, which a threshold of a cyber-attack under Tallinn Manual 1.0. It means Rule 30 of Tallinn Manual 1.0 also answered Jus ad Bellum's threshold and Jus in Bello in terms of cyber-attack. Although, this article needs some improvements regarding the limitation of this issue only focused on the Material Scope of IHL. In addition, Rule 30 of Tallinn Manual 1.0 is not legally binding because it is not one source of international law. However, it is possible for the Rule 30 Tallinn Manual 1.0 to be a new norm and becoming customary international law in the future.
INTEGRATED ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION INSTITUTIONS IN THE FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR: DISPUTE RESOLUTION EFFORTS IN CONSUMER PROTECTION FRAMEWORK
Authors: Abubakar Lastuti , Handayani Tri
Published: April 2021

This study examines and analyzes the legal implications of strengthening the integrated Alternative Dispute Resolution Institutions in the Financial Services Sector regulations. This study applies a normative juridical approach with descriptive-analytical research specifications. The data are analyzed using qualitative juridical analysis. Results show that: an Integrated Alternative Dispute Resolution Institutions in the Financial Services Sector is a dispute resolution institution that is in accordance with the characteristics of the financial services sector as an agent of trust and prioritizes consumer protection. It is expected that consumer dispute resolution is faster, cheaper, and fairer for both Business Actors and the consumers; strengthening of regulations on integrated ADR Institutions in the Financial Services Sector aims to create independent, fair, effective, and efficient dispute resolution capable of anticipating developments in the financial services sector that are increasingly complex from a legal perspective, the use of financial technology, and products/services across financial services sectors
THE PARTICIPATION OF THE BREEDERS : REGIONAL REGULATION OF DUMAI CITY CONCERNING LIVESTOCK AND PETS
Authors: Afrizal Dedy , Al-Amaren Emad Mohammed , Yusuf Irfan Murtadho
Published: April 2021

This article aims to look at community participation in implementing Dumai City Act Number 10 of 2008 concerning livestock and pets, namely  what impacts arise and what sanctions will be received if they do not comply and what are the anticipatory actions of the breeders so that they will not suffer losses in the future. This study is a qualitative research categorized as sociological juridical research. The data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the breeders (livestock farmers)’ lack of understanding on the regulations that had been set was one of the obstacles arising in the implementation of the law. It is hoped that the related parties involved in this Regional Regulation understand the legal sanctions and the impacts that arise from any disobedience acts. From various community backgrounds and in terms of educational factors, cultural factors, geographical aspects, and facility factors, it appears that the government's role in creating all aspects involved in jointly implementing this regional regulation is requiredBesides, breeders must implement these regional regulations as a form of anticipatory action; thus, such livestock and pet activities will not harm themselves and their environment.
LEGAL IMPACT OF STATE DEFENSE ON INDONESIAN CITIZEN IN INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW PRESPECTIVE
Authors: Bunga Gerald Aldytia , Tukan Elisabeth Nirmalasari Bota
Published: April 2021

Implementation of state defense in Indonesia can be implemented in military and
non-military. Civilians can also be involved in state defense including in those
conducted militarily, therefore this study is aimed at examining how national law
arrangements regulate the involvement of civilians in state defense which may be
involved in military defense and how international humanitarian law regulates the
involvement of civilians. This research uses normative legal research. The result of
the research shows that involvement of civilians in military state defense can affect
them losing the protection they should enjoy in armed conflict.
THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN PERFORMANCE BONDS AND THE PRINCIPLE OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE BANK'S COMMITMENT IN JORDAN
Authors: Al-Amaren Emad Mohammed , Bt Md. Ismail Che Thalbi , Bin Md. Nor Mohd Zakhiri
Published: April 2021

As the wide range of international trade out-turn and diversity of the parties, causing banks have to create a new credit service, that is bank guarantees, to enhance the trust between the parties.  By providing the security and ease, the beneficiary will obtain a certain amount of money from the bank and being independent from the other party. While the committed party provides insurance to the beneficiary as a guarantee for the implementation or good performance in accordance with agreed terms, in this situation,  performance bonds are crucial to be considered as this tool has the principle of independence regarding the bank’s commitment, as such, could clarify one party obligation to provide money, services or goods to another party. Taking performance bonds as solution whereby accompanied the Guaranty (Al Kafala) and subordination imposed by the legal system,  the lacunae of  legal rules which govern performance bonds has created difficulties and may lead Judges to create the new relevant law. This article is aimed at studying how the Jordanian Judiciary deals with performance bonds, since there is no previous legal rules governing such bank contract.
NON SECULARIZATION OF MARRIAGE LEGAL PROCEDURE BASED ON BELIEF IN ONE ALMIGHTY GOD IN INDONESIA
Authors: Harapah Burhanudin , Sugiyono Solikhah Muslich , Hastuti Luthfiyah Trini
Published: April 2021

When disputing in court, non-Muslim citizens use positive laws established by the state that do not involve their religious beliefs. Philosophically, this is on the contrary to the constitution, which states that the country is based on belief in one Almighty God. Moreover, in every decision, judges are formally required to begin with "For the sake of the one Almighty God." This phenomenon may be the result of cultural and/or structural factors that require a research study. This research is normative legal research to devise models of religious legal formulation in the legal system in Indonesia. The results of the study illustrate that changing secular marriage law to religious marriage law is possible through formal procedural rules and substantial material rules. In the initial stages, efforts should be made to change the formal procedural arrangement stage using a procedure to examine, adjudicate, and decide a case. Before deciding on a divorce case, the religion of the disputing parties needs to be involved by (1) appointing a judge who is of the same religion as the disputing parties to examine, adjudicate, and decide the case; (2) requiring judges to present expert witnesses from religious leaders of the disputing parties. This is very important because religion is a truth system based on belief and not all religious beliefs can be rationalized.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CHILDREN AS VICTIMS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN FULFILLMENT RESTITUTION RIGHTS
Authors: Budi Utami Niken Subekti , Prabowo Imam
Published: April 2021

This is an empirical normative study, which aims to determine the legal protection for child victims of sexual violence in the context of law enforcement and the implementation of the right to restitution. In addition, the materials used were primary and secondary data. The legal instrument that implements the rights to restitution for children victims is the arrangement of articles that are unclear and incomplete, resulting in problems. However, bad judges prevent courts from implementing these rights. Unclear and incomplete rules on procedures concerning restitution rights have resulted in an understanding of law enforcement officials, especially in conducting the inter-court application process, and proceedings. Meanwhile, the human resource factors in supporting the fulfillment of restitution are deemed inadequate. The existence of a legal vacuum in the procedures for fulfilling these rights has made the public prosecutor to implement the court resolution and make innovation through consensus decision making.
ROHINGA STATELESS PERSONS: ROLE OF UNHCR IN REFUGEE PROTECTION AND LACK OF ADEQUATE LEGAL PROTECTION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sutiarnoto Sutiarnoto , Leviza Jelly , Azam Saiful
Published: April 2021

This article aimed to study about how role of UNHCR in refugee protection and  the legal protection for Rohingya refugees in Medan municipality. According to data from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (hereinafter abbreviated to UNHCR) since January 2012, there were 3275 asylum seekers and 1052 refugees. Most refugees come to Indonesia with the hope of being permanently resettled elsewhere, often in America or Australia, but increasingly stringent immigration policies, massive underfunding and a lack of resources to sustain the influx of newcomers have left them stuck here. This research uses a sosio-legal research with statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. There are several provisions regarding refugees, but none have specifically discussed the handling of refugees in Indonesia. The positive law of immigration in Indonesia does not contain any special provisions (lex specialis) for asylum seekers and refugees. Because Indonesia has not ratified the 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol, the Indonesian government does not have the authority to deal with refugee problems. The authority to handle refugees is given to international organizations such as UNHCR which is a UN organization, IOM, ICRC and various other organizations or NGOs engaged in the humanitarian sector. However, the handling of this international organization has not been implemented optimally due to obstacles
INITIATING A PERMANENT ELECTORAL BODY TO RESOLVE DIGNIFIED ELECTION DISPUTES: ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GAKKUMDU
Authors: Esfandiari Fitria , Fatih Sholahuddin Al
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to evaluate ineffectiveness in the process of resolving electoral disputes through Gakkumdu in simultaneous elections in 2019. However, in practice there are difficulties in handling the consequences of criminal norms and technical rules which are not clearly formulated, causing differences of opinion in resolving election disputes. The approach method used by the author with normative juridical approach method (legal Research) through literature study using primary legal data namely Law Number 7 of 2017 on Elections, KPU Regulation and Court Decision related to elections. Secondary data, especially library materials containing information about election dispute problems through Gakkumdu. The collection of legal materials is carried out by tracing the library in the form of information about the evaluation of gakkumdu's role in resolving the dispute of the 2019 Elections and in analysis using the method of descriptive analysis. The results of this study concluded that Gakkumdu which is an organ formed based on the mandate of Law Number 7 of 2017 on Elections, has not worked optimally. It is very vulnerable to overlap of authority between Bawaslu, The Police and the Prosecutor's Office. On the other hand, this organ has the opportunity to reduce the authority and independence of Bawaslu, which has been supervising the elections. The combination of the three institutions organically and substantive has not been able to parse the dispute of the 2019 elections.
Evaluation of Real-Time Water Level Prediction Technology Using Statistical Models for Reducing Urban Flood Risk
Authors: Nakashima Mitsuhiro , Sameshima Shoichi , Kimura Yuki , Yoshimoto Midori ,   Solution Business Planning Division, Public Infrastructure Business Planning Group, Meidensha Corporation ThinkPark Tower, 2-1-1 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-6029, Japan,   AI and Image Processing Research Department, Basic & Core Technology Research Laboratories, Research & Development Group, Meidensha Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
Published: April 2021

The frequency of localized short-term torrential rains that exceed the planned rainfall is increasing along with inundation damage due to inland flooding. Stepwise inundation measures utilizing existing stock and disaster prevention/mitigation for excessive rainfall are required. In this study, we describe the results of empirical research using a statistical model constructed based on rainfall and water level observation data as a highly accurate water level prediction method suitable for real-time prediction. This is aimed at application in flood control activities and operation support of pump facilities. By comparing and verifying the prediction accuracy between the water level prediction model and the statistical model by Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which is generally used as an image recognition technology, the usefulness of the statistical model was confirmed. Further improvement in accuracy and widespread use of these water level prediction models are expected.
Evolutionary Transition of Stormwater Pump System in Tokyo
Authors: Mitamura Hiroaki ,   Technological Development Section, Bureau of Sewerage, Tokyo Metropolitan Government 28F Tokyo Metropolitan Main Building No.2, 2-8-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-8001, Japan, Fujie Masaki
Published: April 2021

One of the roles of sewerage is to effectively discharge stormwater and protect urban areas from inland flooding, but there are several challenges to overcome. Urban development is progressing in Tokyo, and the amount of stormwater flowing into the sewers is increasing. In order to respond to the increase in the frequency of heavy rainfall in recent years, it is necessary to improve the capacity of stormwater pumps. The Bureau of Sewerage Tokyo Metropolitan Government has been working on the technological development of higher-performance stormwater pumps since the 1950s, when initial-type stormwater pumps were installed. The technological development history of stormwater pumps in Tokyo can be broadly divided into four periods. The first period spanned approximately 30 years when initial-type pumps, which start to operate after stormwater flows into the pump station, were active. In the second period, which spans approximately 20 years from 1980, two types of pumps were developed; a non-water supply pump that could operate reliably even in an earthquake, and a standby operation pump that could respond to sudden stormwater inflow during torrential rains. The third period spans approximately 15 years from 1999, when the waterless standby pump, which integrated the features of the two pumps developed in the second period, was developed and introduced. The fourth period is the era of pumps with higher performances than third period pumps developed after 2015. Currently, these stormwater pumps are operated together with a rainfall radar system that accurately grasps the rainfall situation and protects the citizens of Tokyo from inland flooding.
Profitability Determinants of Kuwait Banking Industry: Comparative Analysis between Islamic and Conventional Banks
Authors: Abduh Muhamad , Issa Mohamed Saeed
Published: April 2021

This study is aimed at evaluating the impact bank specific and macroeconomic variables including the global financial crisis upon the performance of Islamic and conventional banks in Kuwait. The data are collected from nine banks operated in Kuwait over the period of 2005 to 2012 with four of them are Islamic banks and five are conventional banks. The ROA and ROE are used to measure profitability while the size, credit risk, bank diversification, efficiency, capital strength, and liquidity were used to measure bank specific variables. There are also three external variables that would be used to measure macroeconomic condition i.e. GDP growth, inflation, and financial crisis. The findings from pooled OLS have shown that credit risk, liquidity and efficiency significantly affecting profitability for both Islamic and conventional banks. For macroeconomic conditions, GDP is positively significantly affecting profitability of Islamic banking sector, while inflation is negatively affecting the profitability of conventional banking sector. The result also evidence that Islamic banking sector is more stable than the conventional banking sector in terms of their performance during and after the crisis period.
City marketing research: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Osorio-Andrade Carlos Fernando , Murcia-Zorrilla Claudia Patricia , Arango-Espinal Edwin
Published: April 2021

City marketing (CM) refers to the practice of promoting and selling cities, towns or regions to a specific target market. In recent years, the academic, political, and managerial interest in CM has grown steadily, becoming one of the fastest growing fields within the marketing and study of tourism. From this perspective, the aim of this research is to analyze the body of literature developed around CM, in order to construct indicators for scientific production. Specifically, the study made use of the bibliometrics and the database Web of Science, utilizing the terms city marketing and city branding as search terms in a non-exclusive manner. It also identifies the evolution of the scientific production, the main academic journals, the most prolific and highly cited authors, the areas of knowledge involved in the CM field, and the concepts or topics that have been most intensively studied. The results suggest that CM studies have increased since 2015, as the scientific journals that publish most research in the field have improved their Scimago Journal and Country Rank (SJR) classification; in addition, it was possible to establish that most of these articles belong to English-speaking and European countries.