bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘It was hard before and it’s even harder now’
Authors: Nelligan Kat , Nelligan Pariece
Published: November 2021

This article offers reflections on the impact of COVID-19 on the arts and entertainment industries in Australia, with a specific focus on the music industry. The pandemic has placed added financial and psychological strain on the industry’s workers and performing artists, many of whom were already struggling emotionally with financial instability and job insecurity prior to the pandemic. The federal government’s inadequate financial support for arts workers, and its failure to protect Australia’s cultural and economic assets of live music and entertainment during the pandemic, are discussed. There is a need for a COVID-19 recovery plan that addresses the impacts of the pandemic and pre-existing issues of financial instability as well as the federal government’s undervaluing and underfunding of arts industries in Australia. The article is written from the perspective of the authors’ personal experiences as creative practitioners and researchers in the creative industries, and is based on media articles and research reports published prior to and during the pandemic (2018–2021).
Mabeyn Orkestrası’nın İttifak Devletleri Başkentlerinde Verdiği Konserler (1917-1918)
Authors: ÇAKMAK Aydın
Published: November 2021

Mabeyn Orkestrası, Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın son dönemlerinde Bulgaristan, Almanya ve Avusturya- Macaristan Salib-i Ahmer [Kızılhaç] cemiyetleri yararına konserler vermek üzere 25 Aralık 1917 günü başlayan bir seyahat gerçekleştirmişti. Bu seyahat, daha önce Osmanlı topraklarına gelip Hilal-i Ahmer [Kızılay] Cemiyeti menfaatine konserler veren müttefik müzik topluluklarının etkinliklerine olumlu bir karşılık vermek amacına yönelikti. Fakat asıl amaç tanıtım ve propaganda faaliyetlerinde bulunmaktı. İlk defa yurt dışında konserler verecek olan Mabeyn Orkestrası’nın başlangıç durağı Bulgaristan’ın başkenti Sofya olmuştu. Daha sonra Almanya’da Berlin, Dresden ve Münih; Avusturya-Macaristan’da ise Viyana ve Peşte gibi şehirlerde konserler verilmişti. Bir aydan fazla süren konser programı hakkında bazı eleştiriler yapılmakla beraber, genel olarak başarılı bir kültürel diplomasi örneği sergilenmişti. Orkestra hem Osmanlı Devleti hem de Müttefik devletler nezdinde olumlu bir izlenim bırakmıştı. Seyahat ile konser programlarını müstakil ve ayrıntılı olarak incelemeyi amaçlayan bu çalışmada, yapılan hazırlıklar ve seyahatin gerçekleştirilmesi gibi gelişmeler görüşler, izlenimler ve sonuçlar çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada arşiv belgeleri, süreli yayınlar, hatırat ve telif eserlerden faydalanılmıştır.
18. Yüzyılın İlk Yarısında İstanbul’a Göçü Önlemede Mahalle İmamlarının Rolü
Authors: METİN Nihal
Published: November 2021

Osmanlı Devleti’nde muhtarlıklar İstanbul’da 1829, taşrada ise 1833 yılında kurulmaya başlamıştır. Bu döneme kadar mahallenin yönetimini imamlar üstlenmişlerdir. Mahalledeki huzur ve asayişin temininden sorumlu olan imamlara devlet ayrıca göçle mücadele konusunda da önemli görevler vermiştir. Mahallelinin kefile bağlanması, kefilsiz göçmenlerin ihbarı, mahalleden ihraçları, kaldıkları yerlerin kontrolü, göçmenlere kiralık ev-oda verilmemesi ve bu kişilerin yerli hanımlarla nikâhlarının kıyılmaması gibi sorumlulukları bulunan imamlar, İstanbul’a göçün engellenmesinde önemli birer aktör hâline gelmişlerdir. İmamların mahalleyi daima gözetim altında tutmaları ve buradaki tüm gelişmelerden haberdar olmaları beklenmiş, zaman zaman gerçekleştirilen teftişlerde yer almışlardır. Şerʽiyye Sicillerinde, mahallelerinde kefilsiz kimsenin olmadığını devlete taahhüt eden imamların listeleri vardır. Bunun yanı sıra göçmenlerle ilgili davalarda ve arzuhâllerin değerlendirilmesinde mahalle imamlarının kendileri hakkında şahitliğine göre kararlar alınmıştır. Bu nedenle başkente göçün artmasında ya da göçmenlere dair çıkan sorunlarda zabitler ve yerel yöneticiler kadar imamlar da sorumlu tutulmuştur. Bu çalışmada devletin İstanbul’a göçü önlemede

ve göçmen nüfusun kontrolü konusunda mahalle imamlarına ne gibi görevler verdiği incelenmiştir.
Türkmenler (Selçuklular) Batı Asya’ya Nasıl Göçtü?
Authors: POLAT M. Said
Published: November 2021

Türkmenler (Selçuklular) Cend’den Anadolu’nun batı sahillerine kadar hayli zor bir göçü gerçekleştirdiler ve geçtikleri coğrafyaların tarihinde derin izler bıraktılar. Bu göç, başıbozuk insanların göçü değil, begler tarafından idare edilen kendi içinde akli işleyişi olan bir göçtü. Merkezdeki siyasi yapının teşviki ya da hilafına uçlara konumlanan begler ve onlara tabi olanlar uçları oluşturuyorlardı. Bu bölgelerde yağma, öldürme ve savaşlarla yerleşik ahaliye boyun eğdiriyorlar, hâkim siyasi yapının hâkimiyeti ve meşruiyetini sona erdiriyorlardı. Ardından beglerin begliklerini mekânlaştırma süreci başlıyordu. Bu mekânlaşma ve merkezîleşmeden sonra yağma ve öldürme eylemleri hızla sona erdiriliyordu. Yağmaya alışmış ve başına buyruk, beglik mücadelesi veren begler yeni uçlara yöneliyordu. Göç ve askerîleşmenin sebep olduğu yoksunluklar ve begliklerin mekânlaşması sürecinde yapılacak savaşların giderleri yağmalarla karşılanıyordu. Önce Cend, sonra Maveraünnehir, sonra İran, sonra Azerbaycan, Doğu Anadolu, Kuzey Irak ve Suriye, sonra Anadolu’nun tamamı daha sonra da batısı uca dönüştürülerek bu göç tamamlandı. Yukarıda özetlenen faaliyetler, bu uçlarda batı istikametinde birbirini takiben gerçekleştirildi. Sıradan Türkmenlerde yağma ve öldürme eylemleri alplik düşüncesi içinde gerçekleştirilirken bu anlayış 11.-14. yüzyıllar arasında yavaş yavaş gaza ve ganimet anlayışına dönüştü. Selçuklu sultanlarında ise gaza ve ganimet anlayışı 1040’lardan itibaren belirginleşti.
Mütareke Dönemi Mizah Edebiyatında Haraşo (Beyaz Rus Kadını) İmgesi
Authors: TEK Zeynep
Published: November 2021

Beyaz Ruslar, Bolşevik Devrimi’ni (1917) takip eden iç savaşta Kızıl Ordu’ya karşı savaşan Beyaz Ordu’dan adını alan, çarlık düzenini destekleyenlere ve diğer Bolşevik muhaliflerine gönderme yapan bir ifadedir. Bolşeviklere karşı büyük hezimete uğrayan Beyaz Rusların göç ettiği ülkelerin başında Türkiye gelmektedir. Mütareke İstanbul’unun zorlu yaşam koşullarında mülteci kamplarına sığınan Beyaz Ruslar, iş ve mesken bulmakta büyük sıkıntı yaşamıştır. Ekonomik açıdan geçinmek zorunda olan Beyaz Rus kadınları da başta eğlence sektörü ve seyyar satıcılık olmak üzere çeşitli iş kollarında çalışmıştır. İstanbul’da, Rusçada iyi, güzel anlamına gelen Haraşo (Хорошо́) olarak anılan Beyaz Rus kadınları, dış görünüşleri (güzellikleri, giyimleri, özgür yaşama biçimleri) itibarıyla şehir halkı üzerinde tesir uyandırmış; özellikle İstanbullu erkekleri, kültürel normların dışında hareket etmeye sevk ettikleri gerekçesiyle tehlikeli görülmüşlerdir. Bu nedenle görünür oldukları kamusal mekânlarla (cadde, lokanta, bar, otel, plaj vs.) birlikte dönemin mizah gazetelerine ve dergilerine sıklıkla konu olmuşlardır. Bu çalışmada, Beyaz Rus kadınları ile İstanbullu erkekler arasındaki ilişki ağları, Mütareke dönemi mizah basınında yayımlanan edebî metinlerdeki temsil biçimleri üzerinden incelenmektedir. Basında yer alan karikatürler, dönemin tanıklarının anıları ve tarihle ilgili araştırma kaynakları, Haraşo imgesinin edebî alandaki görünümlerinin çözümlenmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Genel itibarıyla erkekler tarafından kaleme alınan bu edebî ürünlerin komik olarak algılanmasında erkeklik deneyimleri ve kim, neye, niçin gülüyor soruları dikkate alınmaktadır. Haraşo’nun arzu nesnesi olarak konumlandırılmasına rağmen femme fatale tipinin kötücül yönleriyle temsil edilmemesinde erkeğin kösnül arzularının ve mizahi yaklaşımının rol oynadığı gösterilmektedir.
İstanbul Tahmishanesi (1590-1836)
Authors: TEMEL Eşref
Published: November 2021

Osmanlı toplumu bir içecek olarak kahveyle 16. yy. başlarında tanışmış, yüzyılın ortalarında Osmanlı başkentinde kahvehanelerin açılması ile kahve kültürü yayılmıştır. Kahveye rağbetin artmasının bir sonucu olarak, çiğ kahvenin kavrulup çekilmesi için ihdas edilmiş olan tahmishane ortaya çıkmıştır. İstanbul’da ilk tahmishane, Tahtakale’de, bugün de Tahmis Sokağı olarak adlandırılan bölgede, 1590’lı yıllarda kurulmuştur. Zamanla sayısı ikiye çıkan tahmishanede, 18. ve 19. yüzyıllarda yıllık yaklaşık 550-650 ton kahve çekilmiş ve Osmanlı başkentinin sakinlerinin tüketimine sunulmuştur. 18. yüzyılın sonuna dek Yemen kahvesi, sonrasında ise Frenk kahvesi tahmishanenin ana ham maddesini oluşturmuştur. Bu makale İstanbul Tahmishanesinin ilk olarak kurulduğu 16. yüzyılın sonlarından 19. yüzyılın ortalarına kadar, idari ve mali yönetimi, nizamları, çalışanlarının durumu, çalışma şartları, gelir ve giderleri gibi konuları incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Kahve ve kahvehaneyi sosyal, siyasi ve kültürel açıdan ele alan mevcut literatürden farklı olarak bu makale kahvenin Osmanlı iktisadi hayatında gümrük, tüccar, esnaf, tüketim, kahvehane ve özelde de tahmishane iş birliğiyle bir sektör hâlini alma sürecini ele almaktadır.
Fehmi Yılmaz – Ahmet Cihan – Özlem Deniz Yılmaz, Kırım Hanlığı Kadı Sicilleri Kataloğu, Ed. Erol Özvar, Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Yayınları, Ankara 2021, 382 s. (ISBN:978-605-2249-67-3).
Authors: ACAR Serkan
Published: November 2021

Fehmi Yılmaz – Ahmet Cihan – Özlem Deniz Yılmaz, Kırım Hanlığı Kadı Sicilleri Kataloğu, Ed. Erol Özvar, Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Yayınları, Ankara 2021, 382 s. (ISBN:978-605-2249-67-3). adlı eserin kitap tanıtımıdır.
Dead snake! A strategy for survival: Thanatosis in some Panamanian snakes with a review of death-feigning in American snakes
Authors: Fuentes Magallón Rogemif , Castillo Melquiades , Belton Edmundo , Zambrano Eduardo , Quintero-Arrieta Helio , Batista Abel
Published: November 2021

Thanatosis (pretending to be dead), sometimes called letisimulation, is widely used as an anti-predator strategy by snakes. Herein we report six cases of death-feigning in six species of Panamanian snakes (Dark-headed Red Falseboa, Pseudoboa neuwiedii; Double-banded False Coralsnake, Erythrolamprus bizona; Forest Flamesnake, Oxyrhopus petolarius; Rufous-headed Snake, Amastridium veliferum; Colombian Long-tailed Snake, Enuliophis sclateri; and Pacific Banded Coffee Snake, Ninia maculata). We also present a literature review of thanatosis in American snakes and discuss the terminology associated with this behavior.
Current status and natural history of the critically endangered Variable Harlequin Toad (Atelopus varius) in Costa Rica
Authors: Barrio Amoros Cesar Luis , Chaves Gerardo , Puschendorf Robert
Published: November 2021

The Variable Harlequin Toad (Atelopus varius) has suffered extensive declines in Panama and Costa Rica.Of 169 previously documented populations, only seven are known to survive. Herein we review the status of the survivingpopulations of this species in Costa Rica, describing the results of random visits to five of the seven survivingpopulations during the last six years, novel information on the natural history of three of these, and the results of amonitoring program of one continuous year on one of them. We identify three distinct morphs that might be the onlysurvivors of what once was a wide array of phenotypic color patterns.
Revaloriser l’enseignement du français au Japon
Authors: Komatsu Sachiko
Published: November 2021

Le français, qui se plaçait traditionnellement au Japon en position prioritaire comme deuxième langue d'apprentissage, connaît aujourd'hui des difficultés, face au développement de la tendance du «tout anglais» sur la planète en même temps que la globalisation, et à la croissance de l'intérêt de nos compatriotes pour les langues des pays voisins, entre autres le chinois. À l'époque où même dans le milieu académique domine ce qu'on appelle «~la culture de résultat~», l'apprentissage du français souvent considéré comme objet de plaisir et de luxe, a un fort besoin de se remettre en valeur auprès de son public. Pour ce faire, tous les enjeux de l'enseignement du FLE au Japon semblent se trouver dans la rénovation de la didactique, qui se traduira d'une part par un appui sur la francophonie et d'autre part, par l'introduction des TICE et de l'approche actionnelle. La francophonie est une mine à exploiter pour faire comprendre la diversité historique, sociale et culturelle qu'a la langue française. Les TICE et l'approche actionnelle permettront d'ouvrir l'apprentissage du français vers l'extérieur de la classe et donner aux apprenants la conscience que le français est une langue utile. Dans cette communication, nous détaillons pourquoi et comment procéder à cette rénovation.
Action de l’Alliance française en Extrême-Orient au XIXe siècle
Authors: Nishiyama Noriyuki
Published: November 2021

Le présent article cherche à dégager les principales caractéristiques de la politique de diffusion du français par l'Alliance française au XIXe siècle, en mettant l'accent sur l'Extrême-Orient, en particulier l'Indochine, la Chine et le Japon, à partir des articles publiés dans le Bulletin de l'AF. Créée en 1884, l'AF a exercé une action de propagation du français au moyen d'un soutien financier et matériel, et le Bulletin a servi à la circulation des informations relatives à l'état des lieux du français dans les pays concernés. Elle a aussi exercé une certaine influence sur la configuration des représentations du monde dans son versant colonial.

Le Bulletin dévoile les actions de l'AF dans ces trois pays, qui se distinguent les uns des autres en termes de diffusion du français pour des raisons géopolitiques. La politique linguistique est soutenue en Indochine par la domination coloniale, et dans une moindre mesure en Chine, tandis que le Japon cherche à exploiter le français en faveur de la construction de l'État-nation.
L’« immigration » dans l’histoire de la France
Authors: Chujo Takeshi
Published: November 2021

À partir de deux rapports officiels sur la fondation de la Cité nationale de l'histoire de l'immigration, nous discutons la notion de l'«immigration» dans l'histoire de la France. Cet article, qui suit la méthodologie de l'Analyse critique du discours, montre que la définition de l'«~immigration~» n'est pas uniforme mais fluide. D'après sa pratique sociale discursive, la discussion sur l'«immigration» peut entraîner des problèmes de stigmatisation d'individus ou de groupes sociaux, surtout lorsqu'elle prend en compte la question de l'intégration.
Le multiculturalisme malgache face aux défis du XXIe siècle
Authors: Nishimoto Noa
Published: November 2021

Cet article a pour objet d'analyser les problèmes éducatifs à Madagascar, pays multiculturel et en voie de développement pour réaliser les Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement (OMD) d'ici à 2015.

Des recherches effectuées dans une province du Sud en 2006 et 2007 ont permis de constater que le pays sombre dans une grande pauvreté en raison de plusieurs problèmes politiques et sociaux et qu'il y a de nombreux décalages entre l'opinion de la population locale et le système éducatif mis en place par l'administration. Il nous semble nécessaire de réexaminer les causes des échecs enregistrés dans le domaine du développement socio-économique aussi bien que dans le système éducatif du pays.

En étudiant la situation actuelle, le présent article décrit et analyse plusieurs types d'éducation par rapport aux actions de développement qui existent dans ce pays~: (1) situation à l'école primaire publique; (2) éducation dans un établissement pour la protection de l'enfance; (3) éducation traditionnelle; et (4) la nouvelle action pédagogique «Programme d'éducation à distance» qui a commencé en 2007. Ensuite on utilisera les conclusions d'une enquête qui a été menée en 2008 pendant mes propres recherches sur le terrain.
[RETRACTED] Green Earth CBD Gummies - 5 Reasons to Avoid Green Earth CBD! v1
Authors: not provided anaasley
Published: November 2021

[RETRACTED]

Green Earth CBD Gummies pledges to be one of the principle marijuana based items in the CBD condition industry.
[RETRACTED] Green Fast Keto Reviews – A complete Scam and Real Report, Customer Complaints and Side Effects. v1
Authors: not provided greenfastketo
Published: November 2021

[RETRACTED]

Health
Lifetime performance evaluation model based on quick response thinking
Authors: Chiou Kuo-Ching , Chen Kuen-Suan
Published: November 2021

In practice, lifetime performance index CL has been a method commonly applied to the evaluation of quality performance. L is the upper or lower limit of the specification. The product lifetime distribution is mostly abnormal distribution. This study explored that the lifetime of
commodities comes from exponential distribution. Complete data collection is the primary goal of analysis. However, the censoring type is one of the most commonly used methods due to considerations of manpower and material cost or the timeliness of product launch. This study adopted Type-II right censoring to find out the uniformly minimum variance unbiased (UMVU) estimator of the lifetime performance index CL and its probability density function. Afterward this study obtained the 100×(1-α)% confidence interval of the lifetime performance index CL as well as created the uniformly most powerful (UMP) test and the power of the test for the product lifetime performance index. Last, this study came up with a numerical example to demonstrate the suggested method as well as the application of the model.
Total Cost of Ownership analysis and energy efficiency of electric, hybrid and conventional urban buses
Authors: Szumska Emilia , Pawełczyk Marek , Jurecki Rafał
Published: November 2021

From an economic perspective, the purchase cost of an electric bus is greater than that of a conventional one. This results from the additional components of the bus drivetrain and the costly charging infrastructure. However, it should be noted that electric bus ensures greener and more sustainable public transport. The presented study focuses on the economic and energy efficiency analysis of city buses with different types of driving system evaluated forselected urban and suburban routes. The routes differ in terms of the number of journeys per day, elevation, the daily distance travelled, and the daily operating time. The results demonstrate that driving conditions can affect economic efficiency. The Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) method used in the study shows that electric buses represent the highest TCO values among the vehicles taken into account. However, for the TCO calculated for electric and hybrid buses, fuel (energy) costs have a much lower share than for the TCO of conventional buses.
Nursing students' attitudes about their profession
Authors: Salihović Amela , Mahmutović Jasmina , Branković Suada
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Positive attitudes toward the nursing profession among nursing students improve the sustainability of the profession. Studying the attitudes of nursing students toward nursing is of great importance, as it can indicate their remaining in the profession. This study aimed to determine the attitudes of nursing students toward the nursing profession.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Health Studies at the University of Sarajevo from May to June 2019. The study involved a convenience sample of 107 currently enrolled Bachelor of Nursing students from the 1st to the 4th (and final) year of full-time study and part-time students in the Baccalaureate of Nursing Care program at the University of Sarajevo. The students voluntarily and anonymously completed a questionnaire consisting of demographic information and the Nursing Image Questionnaire.Results: Overall, 107 students participated in the research. Their mean age was 23 years old (standard deviation, 5 years). Spearman’s correlation factor shows a statistically significant correlation between the scores and the mode of studying (full-time or part-time) (rho = −0.200*, p = 0.039) and whether respondents working in the profession or not (rho = 0.249*, p = 0.010).Conclusion: The attitudes of future Bachelor of Nursing toward the nursing profession were very positive. Full-time students had more positive attitudes toward the profession, compared with part-time students, although the difference was not statistically significant.
The effect of botulism toxin on the central nervous system, in comparison with the effect of some other nerve toxins
Authors: Osipov Victor P.
Published: November 2021

In view of the fact that at present the doctrine of intoxication and autointoxication of the body is becoming more and more firmly established, as the causal factor of many nervous and mental diseases, the study of the effect of toxins on the nervous system is gaining more and more interest every day; this study has not only theoretical, but also important practical significance, since by causing a known disease with the help of this or that toxin, having studied the effect of the toxin on the body, we gain chances to develop an antitoxin, and, therefore, enrich the clinic with a new rational therapeutic agent; in addition, having a toxin, we can cause and study the clinical and pathological picture of the disease in animals at any given moment, which is especially valuable when studying the nature of rare diseases.
A case of sudden death of an epileptic during sleep
Authors: Naumov Fedor A.
Published: November 2021

Often, epileptics die at the time of a pronounced seizure attack, especially in status epilepticus; otherwise they die either at the time of the attack, or immediately after it in an unconscious state, from completely random circumstances, which are sometimes completely impossible to prevent even with careful observation of the patient and which are fatal for the given subject. All cases of this kind are very instructive, indicating once again what kind of careful supervision epileptics require, even in the setting of special institutions, where they seem to be in the greatest safety from death due to lack of preventive measures or oversight on the part of the caring staff.
A case of severe Hyperemesis gravidarum, cured by verbal suggestion
Authors: Sholomovich Alexander S.
Published: November 2021

Despite the significant literature on the issue of "Hyperemesis gravidarum", until now the etiology, pathological anatomy and therapy of this serious disease remain almost completely unknown. - There is not even a strictly established symptomatology of suffering, as a result of which there is no exact basis for the diagnosis, and a complicating factor is the lack of a generally accepted, clear definition and the very concept of "Hyperemesis gravidarum". The disease itself, apparently, is not rare, although there are no exact data for judging about this. But deaths are undoubted as a result of this disease, which often takes two lives to the grave: one in the prime of life, the other barely emerging.
About the Gürtle method
Authors: Fanstein B.
Published: November 2021

In 1889, in the 44th volume of the Pfluger Archive (Archiv fr die gesammte Physiol.), An article by K. Grtle appeared: Research on the innervation of cerebral vessels, in this article, in addition to the factual material regarding the state of cerebral vessels under various extreme conditions, the author presents and substantiates a new method of studying the cerebral circulation. This method consists of measuring blood pressure in the central and peripheral ends of the carotid artery and is named after the author, the Grtle method.
Luig and Mongeri. (Constantinopel). Die Ätiologie uud die Behandlung der Puerperalpsychosen. „AUg. Leitschr. f. Psychiatrie “. LVII B. 2 & 3 H. 397 s
Authors: Skuridin I.
Published: November 2021

The author, who observed a fairly large number of puerperal psychoses in the Hopital international de la Paix in Constantinople, draws special attention to the fact that in all his cases of puerperal psychoses, an increase in t (sometimes even up to 39.6 C) was observed. The author subjected his patients to a thorough examination, wishing to find the cause of the ego of the fever; however, he was never able to ascertain even minor symptoms of diseases of the lungs, heart or abdominal organs.
Robert Jones (London). A case of Chorea and Pregnancy with Insauity. "The Journal of Mental Science". V. XLIX. No. 206. p. 486
Authors: Skuridin I.
Published: November 2021

The author gives a detailed description of the case of chorea and mental disorder that developed during the first pregnancy and gave a relapse during the second. The essence of the medical history is as follows: J.D. 21 years old, unmarried, servant. In the patient's family, there were no cases of insanity, alcoholism, or blood relations between parents: her father died of apoplexy, 2 brothers, of consumption. The patient herself was distinguished by good physical health, modesty and a lively and cheerful disposition.
Fere. Note sur I’influence de l’incontinence sexuelle pendant la gestation sur la descendence. "Archiv, de Neurolog". V. XIX. No. 112.1905
Authors: Skuridin I.
Published: November 2021

Fere describes a case of epilepsy in an 8-year-old boy that is interesting mainly from the etiological point of view.
Prof. Ѵ. Monakow. Aphasie und Diaschisis. Neurol. Centralblatt. 1906. No. 22.
Authors: Shapiro L. М.
Published: November 2021

Bearing in mind the insufficiency of the prevailing theory of aphasia to explain some clinical phenomena and the frequent inconsistency of the latter with the data of pathological studies, Monakow establishes a new concept - "diaschisis", a phenomenon that, in his opinion, can illuminate some features of the clinical course of aphasia.
G. Marinesco et J. Minea. Recherches sur la regenere- scence de la moelle.—Nouv. Iconogr. de la Salpetriere 1906. № 5
Authors: Shapiro L. М.
Published: November 2021

Having outlined in some detail the results of the experimental studies of Stroebe, Fickler and Ramon-y-Cajal regarding the regeneration of the spinal cord and mentioning the work of Bielschowsky'aro concerning the pathological investigation of two cases of pulp glioma, the author describes the data he obtained in experiments on dogs and in the pathological study of two cases of traumatic spinal cord injury in humans.
Prof. Mingazzini und dr. Polimanti. Über die physiologischen Folgen von succesiven Exstirpationen eines Stirn- loppens (regio praecruciata) und einer Kleinhirnhälfte. (Monatsschrift für Psychiatrie und Neurologie. 1906 November)
Authors: Markelov G.
Published: November 2021

Before starting to clarify the results of their observations, the authors give a brief outline of various views on the motor functions of the frontal lobe. Ferrier ascribes to the frontal lobe a retarding effect on the motor centers. Goltz points out that after extirpation of the frontal lobe, exactly the same phenomena occur as after operations on the parietal lobes (movement disorders, visual, etc.).
I. Rabinski. Ma conception de l’hysterie et de Phypuo- tisme (pithiatisme). 1906
Authors: Markelov G.
Published: November 2021

Hysteria, according to the most common view, owes its character to a special complex of individual symptoms, of which none of them will be absolutely characteristic of themselves. They generally say that hysteria manifests itself in the form of two kinds of disorders, some are permanent, the so-called stigmata, and others are transient.
And L. Schwartz. To the doctrine of degenerative and regenerative changes in the central nervous system. From Pathologic. office of the Institute Experim. medicine. Dissertation. 1906
Authors: Shevalov Е.
Published: November 2021

The author set himself the goal of tracing, using the latest research methods, changes in the central nervous system, mainly in cellular neurofibrils, which occur during degenerative processes.
M. Ya.Droznes. The tasks of medicine in the fight against modern nervousness. Public sanatoriums for nervous patients. Odessa 1907
Authors: Rudnev V.
Published: November 2021

Following the example of Germany, it is necessary to arrange in Russia public sanatoriums for less wealthy nervous patients. Following Mbius's articles on this issue, a sanatorium Haus Schnow was set up near Berlin, partly with donations for this purpose, and partly with money received from members of the community to support this venture.
Nota de la directora
Authors: Cisneros Odile
Published: November 2021

Nota de la directora por Odile Cisneros
LAUREN BECK. Illustrating El Cid: 1498 to Today. Quebec: McGill-Queen’s UP, 2019. xvii + 251 pp.
Authors: F. Hernando Julio
Published: November 2021

Reseña de Illustrating El Cid: 1498 to Today de Lauren Beck.
IKER GONZÁLEZ-ALLENDE. Hombres en movimiento. Masculinidades españolas en los exilios y emigraciones, 1939-1999. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue UP, 2018. xi + 309 pp.
Authors: Martínez-Expósito Alfredo
Published: November 2021

Reseña de Hombres en movimiento. Masculinidades españolas en los exilios y emigraciones, 1939-1999 de Iker González-Allende.
ENCARNACIÓN JUÁREZ-ALMENDROS. Disabled Bodies in Early Modern Spanish Literature: Prostitutes, Aging Women and Saints. Liverpool: Liverpool UP, 2017. viii + 201 pp.
Authors: L. Scarborough Connie
Published: November 2021

Reseña de Disabled Bodies in Early Modern Spanish Literature: Prostitutes, Aging Women and Saints de Encarnación Juárez-Almendros.
Roberto Arlt and the Readers of Romance
Authors: Drosehn Gough Casey
Published: November 2021

This essay examines the role of female readership in the work of the Argentine writer Roberto Arlt. I argue that the conflicted and embodied status of the reading public in Arlt’s work is crystallized in the female (or feminized) reader of romances. Through this figure, the Arltian text reveals the pervasiveness of normative sentimental discourse, and narrates how this discourse circulates, impacts, and is absorbed by the bodies of its readers. These critiques emerge quite clearly in Arlt’s novels, where the author enjoys greater freedom of expression. However, his periodical publications and theater necessarily employ a more oblique critical strategy. Focusing on his aguafuertes, the short story “Eugenio Delmonte y los 1300 novios” and the play Trescientos millones, I show how Arlt interpolates his readers as readers of romance while also enacting a rupture in the boundary between the work and the medium in which it appears, encouraging the reader’s awareness of the influence of those media in her daily life.
La utopía a prueba: formas heterogéneas de vida en Eugenia de Eduardo Urzaiz
Authors: Quintana-Navarrete Jorge
Published: November 2021

Este artículo analiza la relación entre vida y utopía en Eugenia. Esbozo novelesco de costumbres futuras (1919) de Eduardo Urzaiz. Partiendo de nociones como utopía crítica (Moylan) y utopía experimental (Abensour), el artículo explora cómo la novela de Urzaiz desoculta sistemáticamente las ambivalencias y contradicciones inherentes a las sociedades eugenésicas. Estos casos de contradicción revelan que la vida, a pesar de las tecnologías que intentan codificar su devenir constante, es en realidad un flujo que excede cualquier forma preestablecida. Eugenia pone en escena la existencia de formas-de-vida (Agamben) que buscan desactivar el control biopolítico de los cuerpos y poblaciones.
ROSALÍA CORNEJO-PARRIEGO, ED. Black USA and Spain: Shared Memories in the 20th Century. New York and London: Routledge, 2020. 291 pp.
Authors: R. Jones Nicholas
Published: November 2021

Reseña de Black USA and Spain: Shared Memories in the 20th Century de Rosalía Cornejo-Parriego, ed.
Evaluation of the short-term outcome of unilateral urethral mobilization for the management of bulbar urethral stricture
Authors: Ghosh Kartik Chandra , Saha Prodyut Kumar , Ahmed Masud , Mahmud Farhad , Karmaker Uttam
Published: November 2021

Background: In modern urology, successful male urethral reconstruction poses a continuing challenge.Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study conducted in the department of urology, Dhaka medical college hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh between January 2010 to December 2011. 35 patients having bulbar urethral strictures admitted in the department were study participants. All the participants underwent unilateral urethral mobilization, for buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty and followed up at least six months. RGU and MCU was done when peak flow was <15 ml /sec in uroflowmetry. Urethroscopy was done at 3rd and 6th month. The statistics used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics, and the tests done were student’s t-test, chi-square test, ANOVA, and Fisher exact test.Results: The length of strictures was observed ≤3 cm among 31% (n=11) and >3 cm among 69% (n=24) patients. As the immediate postoperative outcome among the participants, we found the mean peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), 15.3±1.2 and voided urine volume (ml), 328.8±50. Finally, as the postoperative outcome after 6 months among the participants, we found the mean peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), 24.2±2.9; voided urine volume (ml), 330.8±50.1 and PVR (ml), 11.6±3.3. In this study, some potential complications were bleeding and wound infection which were found among 11.43% and 17.14% patients respectively. Conclusions: Considering the satisfactory outcomes and lower complications unilateral urethral mobilization procedure can be considered as an effective treatment method for the management of bulbar urethral stricture.
Elevation of serum E-selectin in Thai hyperlipidemia adults
Authors: Michuea Apinya , Fongsupa Somsak , Rerksngarm Thaval , Kongkhum Sudawadee
Published: November 2021

Background: Hyperlipidemia is an important risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), whose pathogenesis involves vascular endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, a specific marker of endothelial dysfunction, serum E-selectin, was assessed in Thai hyperlipidemia adults.Methods: Subjects who had no history of hypertension, diabetes and other serious illness were recruited and classified as normolipidemia (n=100) and hyperlipidemia (n=100), by using the levels of blood lipids (hyperlipidemia: total cholesterol >200 mg/dl, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >130 mg/dl, and triglyceride >150 mg/dl). Clinical data were collected, and laboratory analysis was done. Serum levels of uric acid, fasting blood glucose (FBS), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine were measured by the dry chemistry automate analyzer. Serum E-selectin was measured by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: The hyperlipidemia subjects had significantly higher serum E-selectin levels than the normolipidemia subjects (18.98±11.58.56 versus 8.85±4.02 ng/ml). E-selectin was significantly correlated with blood lipids; total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, and HDL-C (r=0.477, 0.441, 0.453, and -0.191, respectively). Moreover, significant correlations of E-selectin with uric acid and fasting blood glucose were also found (r=0.155 and 0.166, respectively).Conclusions: Serum E-selectin levels increased in hyperlipidemia and correlated with uric acid and fasting blood glucose, reflecting the association between hyperlipidemia and pathogenesis of CVD, Therefore, it emphasizes the importance of hyperlipidemia management.
Comparison of survivors and nonsurvivors of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage: risk factors for in-hospital death
Authors: Sangli Swathi , Baqir Misbah , Ryu Jay
Published: November 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to identify the predictors of in-hospital mortality among patients with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH).Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 89 patients hospitalized for DAH at our institution. 49 patients who died during hospitalization and 40 patients who survived were compared. We reviewed their clinical course, radiologic and pathologic findings, along with medical management. We then performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify the risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality.Results: We identified 12 factors to be associated with mortality when comparing survivor versus non-survivor cohorts: smoking (67 versus 42%, p=0.02), malignancy (17 versus 49%, p=0.002), interstitial lung disease (0 versus 14%, p=0.01), liver failure (2 versus 28%, p=0.001), autoimmune diseases (40 versus 8%, p=0.0006), thrombocytopenia (7 versus 71%, p<0.0001), ICU admission (57 versus 85%, p=0.004), mean ICU stay (p=0.4), steroid use (90 versus 63%, p=0.003), plasma exchange (15 versus 0 %, p=0.005), mechanical ventilation (37 versus 75%, p=0.0007) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (22 versus 77%, p<0.0001). On multivariate analysis, thrombocytopenia (p<0.0001) and ARDS (p=0.0013) were associated with higher odds of mortality in DAH while steroid use (p=0.0004) was associated with a lower risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with DAH.Conclusions: In DAH, thrombocytopenia and ARDS were predictors of in-hospital mortality whereas the use of steroid was associated with a more favorable prognosis.
Six-month clinical outcomes of drug eluting stents in patients with coronary artery disease: an experience in real-world Indian patients
Authors: Verma Gaurav Sardarilal
Published: November 2021

Background: Treatment of patients with coronary artery disease using drug eluting stents (DES) remains a challenge due to stent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis. The present study sought to investigate the safety and clinical performance of DES in real-world Indian patients with coronary artery disease.Methods: This prospective, non-randomized, single-center study enrolled 114 patients with coronary artery disease who were implanted with DES from January-2005 to September-2007. Clinical and angiographic follow-up were performed at 6 months after the index procedure. The primary endpoints of the study were: (major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as a composite of any episode of rest angina, myocardial infarctions (MI), repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), or (angiographic restenosis defined as ≥50% diameter stenosis at the treated site at 6-month follow-up. The secondary endpoints of the study were occurrence of any MACE events and stent vessel occlusion during the first 30 postprocedural days.Results: A total of 125 lesions were treated by implantation of 130 DES. Only one patient (0.9%) developed minor bleeding during hospitalization. At the 6-month follow-up, MACE was 10%, including 1 (1.3%) MI, 2 (2.5%) unstable angina, 3 (3.8%) stable angina, 1 (1.3%) repeat PCI, and 1 (1.3%) CABG. Angiographic restenosis was found in 7 (8.8%) patients. Comparison of characteristics between patients with and without angiographic restenosis revealed significant effects of presence of diabetes (p<0.012), hyperlipidaemia (p<0.028), and stent length>20 mm (p<0.05).Conclusions: The study results demonstrated excellent safety and clinical performance of DES in real-world Indian patients with coronary artery disease.
Effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and core muscle strengthening on trunk instability following stroke
Authors: K. B. Riyas Basheer , K. V. Dinesh , Rai Subhashchandra , A. T. Mohammed Arshak
Published: November 2021

Background: Postural instability leads to balance dysfunction in stroke subjects, which always increase the risk of fall. This study aimed to compare the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and core muscle strengthening on trunk balance following stroke.Methods: Forty five stroke subjects were participated and assigned randomly into three groups; all groups received standard rehabilitation program; and core group received additional core strengthening, neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) group received added electrical stimulation over paraspinal region and combination group received core muscle strengthening and NMES along with standard rehabilitation protocol. After four weeks of the interventions, primary and secondary outcome measures are evaluated. Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (PASS), Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) and Barthel Index (BI) were evaluated before and after the intervention.Results: All the three (core MS, NMES and combination) groups showed significant improvement after the intervention (BBS 10.07, 15.54 and 18.27, PASS 6.54, 13.06 and 14.00, TIS 0.25, 0.25 and 0.51, BI 16.40, 29.93 and 36.53). The combination group (NMES and core muscle strengthening) showed better improvement than other two groups. TIS and BI total score showed positive (0.849) correlation.Conclusions: Addition of NMES along with core muscle strengthening for stroke rehabilitation will improve trunk stability, balance and ADLs.
Symptom clusters among the patients with carcinoma lung attending palliative care department: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Patil Chaitanya , Atreya Shrikant , Mestri Namrata
Published: November 2021

Background: There is growing interest in the symptom cluster of these symptoms rather than single symptoms and has been commonly termed as respiratory distress cluster. So, we conducted this audit review with a goal to explore the prevalence of RDS among lung cancer patients and to find association between RDS and the histological type of lung cancer.Methods: A retrospective review of records of lung cancer patients referred to palliative care department at Tata medical center, Kolkata, India was done. The records of 6 months (July 2018 to December 2018) were reviewed and relevant details were noted down. Hospital management system of our institution was screened for all the lung cancer patients during the above said period. Demographic details and various symptoms like cough, breathlessness, fatigue and other symptoms were also noted. Histological diagnosis was also noted as per the records. Results: We found that 20.24% had cough with fatigue, 20.24% had cough with breathlessness, 25% had fatigue with breathlessness and 13.10% had cough, fatigue and breathlessness in the present study. The proportion of fatigue was significantly higher among the small cell type (75%) when compared to non small cell type (p=0.0425) The proportion of SxCl cough with fatigue was significantly higher among the small cell carcinoma (60%) when compared to other subtypes. (p=0.0467)Conclusions: Among symptom clusters, fatigue with breathlessness was the most common. The proportion of fatigue and fatigue with cough was significantly higher among small cell carcinomas when compared to non small cell carcinoma subtype.
Study of discrepancies in ABO blood grouping: experience of a tertiary health-care center
Authors: Nathani Kruti J. , Patel Jitendra N. , Patel Kamal A. , Wadhwani Sangeeta J.
Published: November 2021

Background: An accurate ABO grouping is the most important test which is done in the blood bank. Mistyping can lead to transfusion with ABO incompatible blood which results in severe intravascular haemolysis and may even result in the death of the recipient. An ABO discrepancy implies that the forward or red cell ABO grouping does not agree with the reverse or serum ABO grouping. The study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of ABO blood group discrepancies, to identified main causes of discrepancies, to avoid chances of wrong interpretation of blood group and to mitigate clinical impact associated with mismatch ABO transfusion.Methods: A prospective study of ABO discrepancies and their causes was performed on 25,129 samples of the patients and 13,251 samples of blood donors at the red cell serology laboratory in tertiary care teaching hospital and blood bank over the period from February 2017 to July 2018.Results: ABO group discrepancies were mainly divided in 4 different groups. Out of 51 discrepancies 32 (62.74%) were found in group-IV category, being highest amongst all; 10 (19.60%) in group-II which was second highest; other were 8 (15.69%) in group-I and 1 (1.96%) in group-III category.Conclusions: All discrepancies reported on ABO cell and serum grouping must be investigated further, so that correct blood group is reported, minimizing the chances of transfusion reaction. A note of caution should be mentioned on the blood group card to prevent ABO incompatibility in case of transfusion.
A cross sectional study assessing six different methods to predict the ideal position of umbilical venous catheters in neonates of different weight categories
Authors: V. K. Nida Janna , Varghese Serena Mohan , George Madhu , John Susan
Published: November 2021

Background: This was  a cross sectional study  done to find the most suitable method of assessing umbilical venous catheter (UVC)  length in seventy two neonates of four different weight categories using  six methods.Methods: Neonates were grouped into A (upto 1 kg), B (>1-1.5 kg), C (>1.5-2.5 kg) or  D (>2.5 kg)  based on their birth weight. UVC was placed using Shukla-Ferrara method and x-ray taken to finalize the catheter length. The predicted catheter length was also measured by  Dunn method, umbilicus to nipple length, umbilicus to xiphisternum length, umbilicus to midpoint of inter mammary distance, and umbilicus to symphysis pubis length. ANOVA test was used to find the methods which did not have statistically significant difference with the final length from x-ray (p>0.5). The method with the least mean difference from final length was taken as the most suitable.Results: UVC length assessed by Shukla Ferrara method and umbilicus to midpoint of inter mammary distance did not have statistically significant difference with final catheter length on x-ray in all groups. UVC length assessed by Dunn method did not have statistically significant difference with final catheter length on x-ray in group A, C and D while UVC length assessed by umbilicus to nipple length did not have statistically significant difference in group D.Conclusions: Umbilicus to the midpoint of inter-mammary distance was the most suitable method to estimate length of insertion of UVC in neonates.
The changing trend of alloimmunization in antenatal females: experience from a tertiary care centre in north-western India
Authors: Yadav Anshika , Joshi C. S. , Gupta G. N. , Dubey Rounak
Published: November 2021

Background: Haemolytic disease of the foetus and new-born (HDFN) is a major concern during the antenatal period, especially in countries with low human development index (HDI). The guidelines for antenatal screening and management significantly vary from one geographical region to another. Since the introduction of RhIG immunoprophylaxis, the incidence of HDFN caused by alloimmunization to D antigen has markedly reduced, while that caused by other minor blood group antigens has not been addressed significantly and needs to be given due consideration.Methods: The study was carried out to evaluate the incidence of alloimmunization and analyse various factors associated with HDFN in north-western India. A total of 1700 antenatal cases were evaluated over a period of 20 months, antibody screening and identification was performed on their samples and results were analysed.Results: Out of the 1700 cases, 21 were detected to have the presence of an alloantibody with a prevalence of 1.24%. Out of these, 11 were Rh (D) negative while the remaining 10 were Rh (D) positive. The rate for alloimmunization was higher in females who had a history of blood transfusion (1.24%), bad obstetric history (1.24%), and multigravida status (1.24%).Conclusions: Screening all pregnant females for alloimmunization to RBC antigens, irrespective of their Rh status will help in minimizing the incidence of the HDFN. The practice of providing partial phenotype matched blood to the females of the childbearing age group should be encouraged to reduce the overall incidence of alloimmunization and HDFN.