bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ ДІТЕЙ МОЛОДШОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: Руденок Алла Іванівна , Данчук Юлія Петрівна , Логвіна Оксана Анатоліївна
Published: January 2024

У статті представлено дослідження особливостей розвитку соціального інтелекту у дітей молодшого шкільного віку в сучасних умовах цифрового середовища. Встановлено, що, незважаючи на велику кількість наукових розвідок стосовно цього питання, проблема розуміння феномену залишається актуальною. Визначено, що соціальний інтелект – це специфічна здатність, яка забезпечує успішну взаємодію людини з оточенням та вміння прогнозувати поведінку інших. Метою статті є дослідження особливостей розвитку соціального інтелекту молодших школярів в умовах цифрового освітнього середовища. Проаналізовано підходи різних науковців щодо розвитку соціального інтелекту в онтогенезі. У роботах іноземних авторів розвиток соціального інтелекту пов’язаний їз періодизацією розвитку соціального інтелекту. Зокрема, Ж. Піаже виділяв низку етапів: 1) сенсомоторного інтелекту; 2) допонятійного (символічного) інтелекту; 3) наочного (інтуїтивного) інтелекту; 4) конкретних операцій; 5) формальних операцій. Розглянуто теорію прийняття соціальної ролі Р. Селмана, який виділяв п’ять основних стадій розвитку соціального інтелекту. Ключовою у статті є теорія П. Ервіна, який співвідносив особливості розвитку особистості дитини з якісними зрушеннями у розвитку соціального інтелекту та на основі цього розробив модель розвитку уявлень дітей про міжособистісні стосунки, насамперед про дружбу у взаєминах з однолітками. Підтверджено, що важливе значення для становлення соціального інтелекту має молодший шкільний вік. У цей період у дитини розширюється коло спілкування, розвивається її сензитивність, соціально-перцептивні здібності, здатність переживати за іншого, децентрація, що і становить основу соціального інтелекту. Проведене емпіричне дослідження – анкетування батьків молодших школярів – вказує на те, що цифрове освітнє середовище є невід’ємною частиною життя кожної дитини і воно має величезний потенціал для вирішення різних освітніх завдань. У висновках вказується, що формування та розвиток соціального інтелекту в молодшому шкільному віці відбувається через навчання, розширення знань та досвіду, в тому числі із застосуванням засобів сучасного цифрового середовища.
ВПЛИВ ХРОНІЧНОГО СТРЕСУ НА ЖИТТЄСТІЙКІСТЬ МОЛОДІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО ЧАСУ
Authors: Мозгова Руслана Володимирівна , Лисенкова Ірина Петрівна
Published: January 2024

У статті розкрито психологічну сутність поняття життєстійкості особистості – системи переконань про себе, оточуюче середовище і взаємодії зі світом, яка запобігає виникненню перенапруги в стресовій ситуації через стійке подолання. Це унікальний зразок структури навичок та звичок, який сприяє перетворенню змін, що відбуваються з людиною, в її можливості. Проаналізовано, що життєстійкість складається з трьох компонентів: залученість, контроль та прийняття ризику. Перша складова, залученість, визначає ставлення людини до себе, світу та взаємодії з ним, мотивуючи її до самореалізації та дозволяючи повністю включитись у розв’язання завдань незалежно від стресових факторів. Другий компонент, контроль, допомагає знаходити шляхи впливу на результати стресових змін та уникає безпорадності та пасивності. Третій компонент, прийняття ризику, дозволяє бути відкритим до навколишнього світу та сприймати життєві події як виклики та можливості для особистісного зростання. Звернено увагу, що реакція людини на стресові ситуації проявляється індивідуально, але спільними для всіх є: страх, пригнічення та внутрішня напруга. Всі ці фактори мають негативний вплив на психологічне благополуччя людини і призводять до поступового погіршення її психічного здоров’я та самопочуття, а реалії сучасного життя пред’являють високі вимоги до потенціалу особистості, її внутрішніх ресурсів, здібностей діяти в ситуації невизначеності, використовувати активні форми саморегуляції, які є необхідними умовами ефективного функціонування людини, формування стійких життєвих стратегій, збереження та зміцнення його психологічного здоров’я. Вказано, що серед безлічі факторів, що визначають працездатність та інші характеристики здоров’я, велику роль відіграє психічна стійкість до стресових ситуацій. Високий рівень психічної стійкості до стресів є запорукою збереження, розвитку і зміцнення здоров’я і професійного довголіття особистості. Емпірично досліджено психологічні особливості життєстійкості молоді в умовах воєнного часу. Для цього використали такі діагностичні методики: методика «Стресонаповнюваність життя» Т. Холмса та Р. Райха; методика «PSM 25» Лемура – Тесьє – Філіона; методика «Життєстійкість» Маді. Дібрано рекомендації щодо збільшення рівня життєстійкості молоді у воєнний час. Доведено, що якість життєстійкості особистості в умовах постійного стресу позначається на тому, що людина стає більш вразливою і на фоні таких змін настроїв, можуть виникати більш сильні емоційні спалахи – гнів, роздратованість, агресія, афективні стани. Визначено, що наявні дослідження показують недостатню розробленість поняття психологічної стійкості до стресу, або ж життєстійкості, як у теоретичному, так і в практичному аспектах.
Кореляційний аналіз і аналіз шляху продуктивності та її компонентів у ячменю ярого
Authors: Буняк Н.М.
Published: January 2024

Кореляційний й аналіз коефіцієнтів шляху встановлює характер складних взаємозв’язків між урожайністю та її компонентами. Мета роботи полягає у визначенні коефіцієнтів кореляції 7-ми кількісних ознак рослин сортів і ліній ячменю ярого та результатів шляхового аналізу продуктивності (маси зерна з рослини) в різних еколого-географічних зонах. Методи. Провели аналіз за основними показниками продуктивності: довжина стебла, продуктивна кущистість, довжина колоса основного стебла, кількість зерен з колосу, маса зерна з колосу, маса зерен з рослини, маса 1000 зерен. Визначали парні коефіцієнти кореляції та аналіз коефіцієнта шляху продуктивності за допомогою програмного забезпечення OPSTAT. Результати. Аналіз середніх величин кореляцій в різних зонах для однакової вибірки сортів ячменю ярого свідчить, що основними ознаками для добору на продуктивність є маса зерна з основного колоса, крупність зерна та довжина колоса. Ознаки продуктивне кущіння та кількість зерен у колосі можуть змінюватися під впливом середовища, тому добір за цими ознаками може бути не досить ефективним. Висновки. В умовах трьох зон установлено істотну високу пряму кореляцію маси зерна з рослини з продуктивністю колоса, крупністю зерна та довжиною колоса. У різних зонах формування продуктивності, за показником аналізу шляху, залежало від різних ознак: в умовах НСДС найбільший прямий позитивний ефект на продуктивність виявила кількість зерен в головному колосі (1,148), потім крупність зерна (0,934) та кількість продуктивних стебел (0,589); в умовах МІП високий прямий позитивний ефект на продуктивність виявила кількість продуктивних стебел (0,593) та крупність зерна (0,583); в умовах ІСГС прямий позитивний ефект на продуктивність виявила кількість продуктивних стебел (0,571) та маса зерна з колоса (0,476).
Effect of Mother Tongue on English Language Performance among Grade 3 Pupils in MSU-ILS
Authors: Mamalampac Asliah C.
Published: January 2024

This research aims to investigate the effects of the mother tongue on English language performance among grade 3 pupils at Mindanao State University-Integrated Laboratory School (MSU-ILS) in Marawi City. The study is grounded in language acquisition theories, including Stephen Krashen’s Input Hypothesis, Jim Cummin’s Interdependence Theory, and Lev Vygotsky’s Theory on Social Interaction. The conceptual framework encompasses psychological, personal, and social factors, with an emphasis on the impact of the mother tongue on learners' English language proficiency. The research employs a descriptive-correlational method, utilizing descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequency distributions, and means to analyze demographic profiles and assess the status of psychological and social factors influencing English language learning. The study addresses specific questions related to the learners' profiles, attitudes, motivations, learning strategies, and environmental factors affecting language acquisition. Additionally, it investigates the relationship between English language performance and psychological, personal, and social factors, with a focus on vocabulary, grammar, and comprehension. The hypotheses tested include the absence of significant relationships between English language performance and psychological factors, personal factors, social factors, and cognitive factors. The study, set at MSU-ILS, a laboratory school within the Mindanao State University campus, provides insights into the ongoing debate surrounding the role of the mother tongue in language instruction and its implications for learners' competence and performance. The findings aim to inform educators, curriculum developers, and policymakers, offering recommendations for optimizing language learning strategies in the context of the new curriculum in the Philippines.
Kaynaştırma/Bütünleştirme Uygulamaları Yapılan İlkokul Sınıflarındaki Özel Gereksinimli Öğrencilerin Problem Davranışlarına Müdahalede İş Birliğine Yönelik Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: YILDIRIM Hasan Hüseyin , KILIÇ Yıldıray
Published: January 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı kaynaştırma/bütünleştirme uygulamaları yapılan ilkokul sınıflarındaki özel gereksinimli öğrencilerin problem davranışlarına müdahalede iş birliğine yönelik öğretmen görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarının belirlenmesinde amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu anlamda kaynaştırma/bütünleştirme uygulamaları yapılan ilkokul sınıflarında görev yapan ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılan 20 öğretmen araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme soruları ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin kaynaştırma/bütünleştirme uygulamaları yapılan ilkokul sınıflarındaki özel gereksinimli öğrencilerin problem davranışlarına müdahalede iş birliğine ilişkin görüşleri dört ana tema altında toplanmıştır. Bu temalar; özel gereksinimli öğrencilerin problem davranışları, özel gereksinimi olan öğrencilerin problem davranışlarına ilişkin ihtiyaçlar, iş birliğinin etkileri, beklenti ve önerilerdir. Araştırmanın sonunda öğretmenler, öğrencilerin sınıf içinde; tükürme, parmak kaldırmadan söz isteme, sınıf arkadaşlarına şiddet eğiliminde olma ve ağlama krizlerine girme gibi problem davranışlar sergilediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin çoğunun özel gereksinimli öğrencilerin problem davranışlarına müdahale edebilecek bilgi ve yeterliliklerinin olmadığı, bu yüzden de bu yeterlilikten yoksun bir şekilde iş birliğinin mümkün olamayacağını bildirmişlerdir. İş birliğinin etkilerine ilişkin olarak öğrenciye ve sınıfa zarar veren problem davranışları önlemek, öğrencinin okul kültürüne uyumunu sağlamak ve öğretmenlerin de yardımlaşmasını sağlamak olarak değinmişlerdir. Son olarak öğretmen-aile iş birliği, öğretmen-okul yöneticisi iş birliği, okul-üniversite iş birliği, aile eğitimleri ve iş birliğine katılımlarına yönelik olarak beklenti ve önerilerini dile getirmişlerdir.
Türkiye’de 2009-2021 Yılları Arasında Sağlık İşletmelerinde Gerçekleşen Finansal Performans Analizi
Authors: AYDEMİR İzzet
Published: January 2024

Türkiye’de yaşanan sağlıkta dönüşümle birlikte bölgesel sağlık üssü olma hedefi doğrultusunda önemli gelişmeler yaşanmaktadır. Sağlık yatırımları ile kalkınma arasındaki olumlu ilişki ve bu doğrultuda sağlık harcamalarında yaşanan artışlar finansal performans yönetimini ön plana çıkarmıştır. Finansal performans göstergeleri, bir işletmenin başarı ya da başarısızlığının en önemli belirleyicileridir. Dolayısıyla hastanelerin bilanço ve gelir tablosuna dayalı finansal tablo analizlerinin çeşitli tekniklerle analiz edilmesi işletmelerin güçlü ve zayıf yönlerine ilişkin kanıta dayalı veriler sağlamaktadır. Bu amaçla araştırmada Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankasına her yıl düzenli olarak veri paylaşan sağlık işletmelerinin sektörel analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda araştırmada oran analizleri ve trend analizleri teknikleri kullanılarak hastane hizmetleri alt sektörlerinin likidite durumları, finansal yapı, kârlılık ve faaliyet durumları değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda yapılan analizlerde likidite oranı kalemleri baz yıla göre düşük olmuştur. Faaliyet oranları incelendiğinde özellikle son yıllarda stok devir hızında bir azalış, ticari alacakların vadesinde de bir artış gözlenmiştir. Sağlık işletmelerinin ağırlıklı olarak yabancı kaynaklarla faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirdikleri saptanmıştır. İşletmelerin faaliyet kârlarının yüksek olmasına karşın net kâr marjı yıllar itibari ile genelde düşüş eğilimi göstermiştir. Öz sermaye kârlılık oranında bazı yıllarda artış gözlense de genelde baz yılın altında kaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Hastanelerin öz sermaye kullanım oranının artırılması ve varlık ve kaynak yapılarının gözden geçirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Promoção de saúde no climatério: uma proposta fisioterapêutica
Authors: Boscolo Sophia Baraldi , Nishiyama Mariana , Sominami Nicolle Tammy , Antonini Marcelo , Salerno Gisela Rosa Franco
Published: January 2024

Introdução: O climatério é definido como um período de transição entre os anos reprodutivos e não reprodutivos da mulher, que acontece na meia-idade. Objetivo: Verificar e comparar os efeitos da aplicação de protocolo de exercícios presencial e via teleatendimento nas variáveis; qualidade de vida, qualidade de sono e satisfação sexual, em mulheres no período climatérico. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo comparativo, com 20 mulheres, idade entre 47-62 anos, sedentárias e com sintomas de climatério, divididas em Grupo Exercício Presencial (G1) e Grupo Exercício Teleatendimento (G2). Todas receberam o mesmo protocolo de exercícios progressivos, por 12 semanas, tendo duração de 45 minutos cada atendimento. No início e ao final do protocolo foram avaliadas por meio do WHOQOL-bref (qualidade de vida), Female Sexual Function Index (desempenho sexual) e Escala de Pittsburgh (qualidade de sono). Para análise estatística, foi aplicado o teste de KS, seguido de teste paramétrico anova, considerando p ≤ 0,005. Resultados: Foi observado ao comparar as variáveis avaliadas que os grupos eram semelhantes antes das intervenções (p > 0,05). Após as intervenções, com relação a qualidade de vida, os dois grupos obtiveram alterações positivas sendo que o G1 apresentou diferença estatística em relação ao G2 (p = 0,0002), na satisfação sexual (p ≤ 0,05) e qualidade de sono, apenas o G1 apresentou alteração positiva nos seus domínios. Conclusão: O protocolo de exercícios, de forma presencial e online, alterou de forma positiva a qualidade de vida, vida sexual e qualidade de sono, todavia o Grupo Exercício Presencial obteve melhores resultados.
Conhecimento de acadêmicos de fisioterapia sobre o manejo terapêutico de pacientes com lombalgia crônica inespecífica
Authors: Araújo Cássia Nelcy Marcolino de , Farias Dyego Anderson Alves de , Mélo Emanuelle Silva de , Santana Emanuelle Malzac Freire de
Published: January 2024

Introdução: A lombalgia crônica inespecífica é um processo doloroso dinâmico, progressivo e multifacetado que pode determinar mudanças na capacidade funcional dos indivíduos, o que torna relevante que acadêmicos envolvidos no manejo terapêutico destes possuam conhecimentos adequados para desempenhar assistência de qualidade. Objetivo: Caracterizar o conhecimento de acadêmicos de fisioterapia de uma instituição de ensino superior privado sobre o manejo terapêutico de pacientes com lombalgia crônica inespecífica. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo observacional, corte transversal, caráter descritivo e abordagem quantitativa desenvolvido com acadêmicos de Fisioterapia das Faculdades Nova Esperança a partir de instrumento semiestruturado abrangendo dados sociodemográficos e 12 questões relativas ao conhecimento destes sobre a temática, que foi classificado como adequado quando a porcentagem de acertos foi maior ou igual a 70% e inadequado quando foi inferior a 70%. Os dados quantitativos foram codificados no Microsoft Excel e analisados mediante técnicas de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Houve predominância do sexo feminino (79,4%), média de idade de 24,8 anos, estado civil solteiro (89,7%), cursando o 5º semestre da graduação (38,5%) e com participação em estágios extracurriculares, cursos de aperfeiçoamento ou eventos na área de investigação (74,3%). Um total de 84,6% dos participantes acertou 8 ou mais questões, possuindo conhecimento classificado como adequado. Em todos os itens houve mais de 75% acertos, exceto para 1, 5 e 6 que obtiveram apenas 12,8%, 7,6% e 48,7% de acertos, respectivamente. Conclusão: Os acadêmicos possuem conhecimento adequado sobre o manejo terapêutico de pacientes com lombalgia crônica inespecífica, indicando a preparação destes para atuação no mercado de trabalho.
Longitudinal, natural history study reveals the disease burden of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease
Authors: Bustamante Mateo Sarmiento , Pierson Sheila K. , Ren Yue , Bagg Adam , Brandstadter Joshua D. , Srkalovic Gordan , Mango Natalie , Alapat Daisy , Lechowicz Mary Jo , Li Hongzhe , Van Rhee Frits , Lim Megan S. , Fajgenbaum David C.
Published: January 2024

Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare hematologic disorder with heterogeneous presentations ranging from moderate constitutional symptoms to life-threatening multiorgan system involvement. iMCD patients present with vastly different clinical subtypes, with some patients demonstrating thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever/elevated C-reactive protein, reticulin fibrosis/renal failure, and organomegaly (TAFRO) and others demonstrating more mild/moderate symptoms with potential for severe disease (not otherwise specified, NOS). Due to its rarity and heterogeneity, the natural history and long-term burden of iMCD are poorly understood. We investigated real-world medical data from ACCELERATE, a large natural history registry of Castleman disease patients, to better characterize the long-term disease burden experienced by these patients. We found that iMCD-TAFRO patients face significant hospitalization burden, requiring more time in the hospital than iMCD-NOS patients during the year surrounding diagnosis (median [IQR] 36 [18, 61] days vs. 0 [0, 4] days; p
Words and Bots: An Empirical Experiment Vocabulary Mastery with Robotics in Young Children
Authors: Yuliani Sri , Rizqiani Diyah , Linarta Arie
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the impact of educational robot on increasing English vocabulary as a foreign language. Pre-experimental research design was conducted with 35 first grade junior high school students as sample. The pre-post English vocabulary test was given to the sample and the research were done in eight meetings. In the control class there was no action treatment and did not use robots in learning but in the treatment class, researchers used educational robots, namely the Evoce robot in learning. From the comparison between the two classes both the control class and the treatment class from the pre and post English vocabulary tests, the result finding showed in the t-test score based on the value of df = 35-1 = 34 at a significant level of 5%, a ttable of 1.0691 is obtained and at a significant level of 1%, a ttable of 2.441 is obtained. With a tcount of 9.899, which means that it is greater than ttable at a significance level of 5% and 1%, (1.0691 < 9.899 > 2.441) then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. In summary, the Evoce robot has given contribution in young learners’ English vocabulary. It recommended that the educational robot may become one of alternative media to be used for recent days for English vocabulary class.
The Utilization of Online Games to Enhance Students’ Vocabulary Mastery in Senior High School
Authors: Aulia Rafida Putri , Laksana Kusuma Nata , Maulida Sarah , Rahman Faizahani Ab , Apoko Tri Wintolo
Published: January 2024

Language learning, particularly vocabulary development, is crucial in mastering English as a foreign language. However, teaching vocabulary effectively can be challenging, and traditional methods like memorization may not always be engaging for students. The study aims to explore the impact of using popular online games, such as Mobile Legends, PUBG Mobile, League of Legends, and Minecraft on students' vocabulary mastery. A qualitative research design was employed, involving structured interviews and focus group discussions with eight students from a senior high school in Jakarta. The findings revealed that online games provided an immersive and enjoyable environment for vocabulary enrichment, offering both direct and indirect opportunities to encounter new words and phrases. The study demonstrated that online games could positively influence students' motivation and interest in learning English vocabulary, resulting in improvements in their language skills. It is then suggested that students should practice using English by utilizing online games relevant to the promotion of their English vocabulary mastery.
EFL Students' Perspectives toward Project-Based Learning in Vocational High Schools
Authors: Amalia Sonia Intan Yazid , Degeng Putu Dian Danayanti , Razali Khairil Azwar
Published: January 2024

In the world of education, there are many methods that can be used in the learning process. In the 21st century, the project based learning method is often used because it is in accordance with the current curriculum. This research aims to describe EFL students' perspectives toward project-based learning in vocational high school. Researchers used a mixed method by collecting data using a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The subjects of this research were 59 students of SMK PGRI 3 Malang from the animation and design, communication and visual department. The research results revealed that more than 71% of students gave positive responses to this method which was considered effective for increasing understanding, activeness, motivation and speaking ability in vocational high school English classes. Students feel they can increase understanding by discussing with friends when working on projects. Apart from that, during discussions students feel more active in exchanging knowledge with each other in the group. Students also feel that project-based learning makes work easier and more fun because they are done together. In addition, students feel that their speaking skills have improved after making several presentations, and they are more confident in speaking in front of the class. Therefore, project-based learning is considered to be an appropriate method for learning English in vocational high schools. This research is expected to provide new knowledge for readers regarding EFL students' perspectives toward project-based learning in vocational high school. This is so that the implementation of project-based learning in the future can be more optimal than before.
O uso de passiflora no tratamento dos distúrbios de ansiedade em tempos de pós-COVID-19: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Calixto Maria Eduarda , Finardi Julia , Noldin Vânia Floriani
Published: January 2024

A ansiedade é um estado emocional que consiste em uma resposta adaptativa do organismo perante situações de ameaça, sendo considerada, até certo ponto, uma condição fisiológica. Os transtornos de ansiedade apresentaram um aumento considerável após a pandemia da COVID-19, os quais são associados a fatores como o isolamento social, medo de contágio/internação e perda de familiares, além da interrupção dos serviços psiquiátricos e psicológicos. Diferentes espécies de Passiflora sp., conhecida popularmente como passiflora ou maracujá medicinal, apresentam efeitos calmantes e sedativos sobre o sistema nervoso central (SNC). Os compostos ativos presentes na passiflora modulam a atividade serotoninérgica e potencializam a atividade gabaérgica, esta última, semelhante a ação dos benzodiazepínicos. O objetivo deste estudo, visto o aumento dos casos de ansiedade durante e pós pandemia de COVID-19, foi avaliar o uso de passiflora como tratamento para ansiedade, por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. De acordo com os estudos revisados, foi evidenciado que os fitoterápicos contendo Passiflora sp. são importantes alternativas medicamentosas para o tratamento da ansiedade, pois além de eficácia para tratar transtornos de ansiedade generalizada, são de fácil acesso e a incidência de efeitos adversos foi menor quando comparados com os medicamentos de primeira linha, como antidepressivos e benzodiazepínicos. Por fim, é vasta a lista de benefícios terapêuticos e econômicos para ampliar o uso de fitoterápicos contendo Passiflora sp.  em países subdesenvolvidos como o Brasil, e que apresentam elevadas taxas de transtornos de ansiedade e dependência química aos psicotrópicos.
Sistem Pengenalan Wajah Mahasiswa Praktikum Di Laboratorium Teknik Elektro dan Informatika Polmanbabel Menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
Authors: Akbar Nugraha Fauzan , Ayu Fazira Hanum , Iqbal Nugraha Muhammad , Febriansyah Aan
Published: January 2024

Facial recognition is a type of biometric based on human facial features. Face recognition is very important for an institution such as a university where many students make it difficult for employees to recognize students one by one. This study used students as objects and focused on one laboratory room. The goal is to identify anyone who is in the laboratory room. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method with a webcam is used in this study to recognize the faces of students or anyone who enters the laboratory. The system will report anyone caught by the camera including those who are not recognized. Based on the experimental results, data is obtained that the system can recognize objects well up to a distance of 4 maters and the optimum for 100% accuracy is at a distance of 3 meters. Accuracy will decrease if the distance from the object to the camera is less than 3 meters, which is 93,33% for a distance of 2 meters and 86,67% for a distance of 1 meter.
Perbandingan Kinerja Algoritma YOLO Dan RCNN Pada Deteksi Plat Nomor Kendaraan
Authors: Amanda Putri Sesilia , Ramadhan Gilang , Alwildan Zein , Irwan Irwan , Afriansyah Riki
Published: January 2024

Vehicle license plate detection is a system used to automatically recognize and identify license plates on passing vehicles. This system is useful to assist in managing traffic, reducing crime, and increasing the efficiency of the transportation system. However, in its implementation, license plate detection often encounters difficulties due to variations in shape, color, and lighting conditions. In addition, vehicle license plates are also cut off or distorted in digital images, which can complicate the detection process. To solve these problems, an effective method is needed to identify objects from digital images. This study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of two popular algorithms used for vehicle license plate detection, namely YOLO (You only look once) and RCNN (Region Convolutional Neural network). The performance evaluation of the two algorithms uses the same dataset so that their accuracy can be compared. The results showed that the YOLOv4 algorithm has a higher level of detection accuracy than RCNN with an accuracy of 96% and 87,8%, respectively. Based on these results it can be concluded that YOLOv4 is more suitable for use in vehicle license plate detection applications with prioritized speeds.
Sistem Informasi Manajemen Penjualan Pada UMKM Menggunakan Codeigniter (Studi Kasus : UMKM Cie Cie Koeraw)
Authors: Salima Ade , Afriansyah Riki , Josi Ahmat
Published: January 2024

Cie-Cie Koeraw is an UMKM engaged in the culinary field, namely the sale of brittle products in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. This UMKM have difficulty competing with other businesses that have used e-commerce in marketing. For this reason, it is necessary to develop a sales management system for this UMKM with an emphasis on sales and management features to be able to manage buying and selling transactions and reporting. The development method used to develop the intended system is the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method. This method consists of 4 phases, namely planning, design, construction, and testing. The testing was carried out using the blackbox testing method which concluded that the system could run properly. In addition, user acceptance testing was also carried out by producing a satisfaction percentage of 82,83% for the ease of use of the system, 82,67% for the benefits of using the system, and 84,67% for the suitability of the system with user requests.
Rangkaian Pengkondisi Sinyal dan Regresi Linier sebagai Metode Peningkatan Akurasi Pembacaan Sensor TDS pada Sistem Hidroponik
Authors: Miftah Syahfiqri Muhammad , Kuswara Edi , Iqbal Nugraha Muhammad , Saputra Zanu
Published: January 2024

Total solidity or TDS is one factor that indicates water quality with PPM readings (parts per million). The TDS role in the hydroponics plantation system is to measure the nutrients contained in the water that is used as a growing medium. However, the TDS sensors used in the hydroponics system are able to read only the PPM value at a sensitivity of 2 PPM per 1 ADC on Arduino Mega or Uno. In the study the authors developed a method of calibration by design a signal condition circuit to increase the value range of TDS censorship output, as well as the application of linear regression methods to obtain the transfer function leading to calibration process. Research shows that a set of op-amps was able to amplifying TDS 'advanced TDS output, which originally had a maximum output of 2.383 v to 5v. The TDS sensor's accurate value that has been added to the signal reinforcement chain that originally valued 96.05% to 96.63%, with an accredited value increase of 0.58%.
Novel use pattern of pendimethalin for annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) control in wheat and barley
Authors: Mahajan Gulshan , Chauhan Bhagirath S.
Published: January 2024

Annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) is a problematic weed in most of the cropping regions in Australia. Evolved herbicide resistance to multiple modes of action groups, the lack of new herbicidal molecules, and the emergence of late cohorts in winter season crops necessitate the use of existing herbicides in an innovative way to control L. rigidum. Pendimethalin as pre-emergence (PRE) is used for L. rigidum control; however, it is unable to control late cohorts of L. rigidum in winter season crops. Pot studies were conducted from 2019 to 2021 to evaluate the effect of a post-emergence (POST) application of pendimethalin with six doses (0, 220, 440, 880, 1,760, and 3,520 g a.i. ha-1) on L. rigidum control in addition to crop safety in wheat, barley, and sorghum. POST application of pendimethalin was found to be safe for wheat and barley, and the biomass reduction in both crops at varied rates (220 to 3,520 g ha−1) of pendimethalin ranged from 10% to 20%. A dose–response study revealed that the pendimethalin dose required for 50% mortality and growth reduction of L. rigidum was 179 and 144 g ai ha−1, respectively. Pendimethalin at 880 g ai ha−1 completely killed late cohorts of L. rigidum. These results suggest that the POST application of pendimethalin can be used for the effective control of late cohorts of L. rigidum in wheat and barley crops. POST application of pendimethalin suppressed the biomass of sorghum plants compared with the non-treated control treatment, and biomass reduction in sorghum at different pendimethalin doses ranged from 32% to 40%. Results implied that POST applications of pendimethalin in wheat and barley can diversify herbicide programs in managing L. rigidum and may help in delaying the evolution of resistance in this weed.
Identification of a novel, MSC-induced macrophage subtype via single-cell sequencing: implications for intervertebral disc degeneration therapy
Authors: Koroth Jinsha , Chitwood Casey , Kumar Ramya , Lin Wei-Han , Reves Benjamin T. , Boyce Todd , Reineke Theresa M. , Ellingson Arin M. , Johnson Casey P. , Stone Laura S. , Chaffin Kimberly C. , Simha Narendra K. , Ogle Brenda M. , Bradley Elizabeth W.
Published: January 2024

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common pathological condition associated with low back pain. Recent evidence suggests that mesenchymal signaling cells (MSCs) promote IVD regeneration, but underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. One postulated mechanism is via modulation of macrophage phenotypes. In this manuscript, we tested the hypothesis that MSCs produce trophic factors that alter macrophage subsets. To this end, we collected conditioned medium from human, bone marrow-derived STRO3+ MSCs. We then cultured human bone marrow-derived macrophages in MSC conditioned medium (CM) and performed single cell RNA-sequencing. Comparative analyses between macrophages cultured in hypoxic and normoxic MSC CM showed large overlap between macrophage subsets; however, we identified a unique hypoxic MSC CM-induced macrophage cluster. To determine if factors from MSC CM simulated effects of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4, we integrated the data from macrophages cultured in hypoxic MSC CM with and without IL-4 addition. Integration of these data sets showed considerable overlap, demonstrating that hypoxic MSC CM simulates the effects of IL-4. Interestingly, macrophages cultured in normoxic MSC CM in the absence of IL-4 did not significantly contribute to the unique cluster within our comparison analyses and showed differential TGF-β signaling; thus, normoxic conditions did not approximate IL-4. In addition, TGF-β neutralization partially limited the effects of MSC CM. In conclusion, our study identified a unique macrophage subset induced by MSCs within hypoxic conditions and supports that MSCs alter macrophage phenotypes through TGF-β-dependent mechanisms.
Metabolic control of induced pluripotency
Authors: Sinenko Sergey A. , Tomilin Alexey N.
Published: January 2024

Pluripotent stem cells of the mammalian epiblast and their cultured counterparts—embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs)—have the capacity to differentiate in all cell types of adult organisms. An artificial process of reactivation of the pluripotency program in terminally differentiated cells was established in 2006, which allowed for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). This iPSC technology has become an invaluable tool in investigating the molecular mechanisms of human diseases and therapeutic drug development, and it also holds tremendous promise for iPSC applications in regenerative medicine. Since the process of induced reprogramming of differentiated cells to a pluripotent state was discovered, many questions about the molecular mechanisms involved in this process have been clarified. Studies conducted over the past 2 decades have established that metabolic pathways and retrograde mitochondrial signals are involved in the regulation of various aspects of stem cell biology, including differentiation, pluripotency acquisition, and maintenance. During the reprogramming process, cells undergo major transformations, progressing through three distinct stages that are regulated by different signaling pathways, transcription factor networks, and inputs from metabolic pathways. Among the main metabolic features of this process, representing a switch from the dominance of oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and anabolic processes, are many critical stage-specific metabolic signals that control the path of differentiated cells toward a pluripotent state. In this review, we discuss the achievements in the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of processes controlled by metabolic pathways, and vice versa, during the reprogramming process.
Preparation of tobacco pyrolysis liquids in subcritical/supercritical ethanol and their application in the aroma enhancement of heated cigarettes
Authors: Zhao Xuebin , Zhao Shengchen , Xu Yongming , Xu Heng , Zhang Zhan , Tian Haiying , He Qiang , Ma Shengtao , Gao Beibei , Ma Chengjie
Published: January 2024

For the aroma enhancement research of heated cigarettes, it is worth exploring whether tobacco can be pyrolyzed into pyrolysis liquids containing a large number of volatile aroma components. In this study, tobacco pyrolysis liquids were prepared in subcritical/supercritical ethanol, and their applications in the aroma enhancement of heated cigarettes were investigated. The optimal conditions of supercritical liquefaction reactions were determined by optimizing the reaction time, liquid/solid mass ratio and temperature conditions. Moreover, the effect of supercritical liquefaction conditions on volatile aroma components in tobacco pyrolysis liquids was investigated by GC-MS. The results indicated that the reaction temperature had the most significant impact on the tobacco pyrolysis reaction, and higher reaction temperature promoted the pyrolysis conversion of tobacco, resulting in enhanced tobacco conversion and a high content of volatile components in the tobacco pyrolysis liquid. The optimal reaction conditions for the preparation of tobacco pyrolysis liquid were found to be a temperature of 220°C, a liquid/solid mass ratio = 15, and a 2-h reaction time. Meanwhile, the content of ester compounds and nicotine in the tobacco pyrolysis liquid increased significantly with the increase of reaction temperature. Sub/supercritical ethanol treatment significantly destroyed the surface structure of tobacco, and the degree of tobacco depolymerization increased when temperature rised. The analysis of aroma compounds in the smoke of heated cigarettes indicated that the tobacco pyrolysis liquid could significantly increase the release of aromatic substances and has a significant aroma-enhancing effect. This article proposed and prepared tobacco pyrolysis liquid in subcritical/supercritical ethanol and explored its potential application in the aroma enhancement of heated cigarettes, offering a new route for flavor enhancement technology for this type of product.
Gut microbiome-based noninvasive diagnostic model to predict acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Wang Jincheng , Hu Zhao , Xu Qiuyue , Shi Yunke , Cao Xingyu , Ma Yiming , Wang Mingqiang , Zhang Chaoyue , Luo Xiang , Lin Fanru , Li Xianbin , Duan Yong , Cai Hongyan
Published: January 2024

Background

Previous studies have shown that alterations in the gut microbiota are closely associated with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) development. However, the value of gut microbiota for early diagnosis of ACS remains understudied.

Methods

We recruited 66 volunteers, including 29 patients with a first diagnosis of ACS and 37 healthy volunteers during the same period, collected their fecal samples, and sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Functional prediction of the microbiota was performed using PICRUSt2. Subsequently, we constructed a nomogram and corresponding webpage based on microbial markers to assist in the diagnosis of ACS. The diagnostic performance and usefulness of the model were analyzed using boostrap internal validation, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

Compared to that of healthy controls, the diversity and composition of microbial community of patients with ACS was markedly abnormal. Potentially pathogenic genera such as Streptococcus and Acinetobacter were significantly increased in the ACS group, whereas certain SCFA-producing genera such as Blautia and Agathobacter were depleted. In addition, in the correlation analysis with clinical indicators, the microbiota was observed to be associated with the level of inflammation and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Finally, a diagnostic model for ACS based on gut microbiota and clinical variables was developed with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.963 (95% CI: 0.925–1) and an AUC value of 0.948 (95% CI: 0.549–0.641) for bootstrap internal validation. The calibration curves of the model show good consistency between the actual and predicted probabilities. The DCA showed that the model had a high net clinical benefit for clinical applications.

Conclusion

Our study is the first to characterize the composition and function of the gut microbiota in patients with ACS and healthy populations in Southwest China and demonstrates the potential effect of the microbiota as a non-invasive marker for the early diagnosis of ACS.
Soil electrical conductivity as a proxy for enhanced weathering in soils
Authors: Rieder Lukas , Amann Thorben , Hartmann Jens
Published: January 2024

To effectively monitor and verify carbon dioxide removal through enhanced weathering (EW), this study investigates the use of soil electrical conductivity (EC) and volumetric water content (θ) as proxies for alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in soil water. EC-θ sensors offer a cost-effective and straightforward alternative to traditional soil and water sampling methods. In a lab experiment, three different substrates were treated with NaHCO3 solutions to increase the alkalinity of the soil water and analyze the response. The combination of EC and θ to track the increase in carbonate alkalinity due to EW, and therefore CO2 consumption, is applicable for low cation exchange capacity (CEC) soil-substrates like the used quartz sand. However, the presence of organic material and pH-dependent CEC complicates the detection of clear weathering signals in soils. In organic-rich and clay-rich soils, only a high alkalinity addition has created a clear EC signal that could be distinguished from a non-alkaline baseline with purified water. Cation exchange experiments revealed that the used soil buffered alkalinity input and thereby might consume freshly generated alkalinity, initially mitigating CO2 uptake effects from EW application. Effective CEC changes with pH and pH buffering capacity by other pathways need to be considered when quantifying the CO2 sequestration potential by EW in soils. This should be estimated before the application of EW and should be part of the monitoring reporting and verification (MRV) strategy. Once the soil-effective CEC is raised, the weathering process might work differently in the long term.
The design of Datascapes: toward a design framework for sonification for anomaly detection in AI-supported networked environments
Authors: Lenzi Sara , Terenghi Ginevra , Meacci Damiano , Moreno Fernandez-de-Leceta Aitor , Ciuccarelli Paolo
Published: January 2024

There is a growing need for solutions that can improve the communication between anomaly detection algorithms and human operators. In the context of real-time monitoring of networked systems, it is crucial that new solutions do not increase the burden on an already overloaded visual channel. Sonification can be leveraged as a peripheral monitoring tool that complements current visualization systems. We conceptualized, designed, and prototyped Datascapes, a framework project that explores the potential of sound-based applications for the monitoring of cyber-attacks on AI-supported networked environments. Within Datascapes, two Design Actions were realized that applied sonification on the monitoring and detection of anomalies in (1) water distribution networks and (2) Internet networks. Two series of prototypes were implemented and evaluated in a real-world environment with eight experts in network management and cybersecurity. This paper presents experimental results on the use of sonification to disclose anomalous behavior and assess both its gravity and the location within the network. Furthermore, we define and present a design methodology and evaluation protocol that, albeit grounded in sonification for anomaly detection, can support designers in the definition, development, and validation of real-world sonification applications.
Prevalence, sex differences, and implications of pulmonary hypertension in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Anand Vidhu , Covington Megan K. , Saraswati Ushasi , Scott Christopher G. , Lee Alexander T. , Frantz Robert P. , Anavekar Nandan S. , Geske Jeffrey B. , Arruda-Olson Adelaide M. , Klarich Kyle W.
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM) is a subtype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) that affects up to 25% of Asian patients and is not as well understood in non-Asian patients. Although ApHCM has been considered a more “benign” variant, it is associated with increased risk of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, apical thrombi, stroke, and progressive heart failure. The occurrence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in ApHCM, due to elevated pressures on the left side of the heart, has been documented. However, the exact prevalence of PH in ApHCM and sex differences remain uncertain.

Methods

We sought to evaluate the prevalence, risk associations, and sex differences in elevated pulmonary pressures in the largest cohort of patients with ApHCM at a single tertiary center. A total of 542 patients diagnosed with ApHCM were identified using ICD codes and clinical notes searches, confirmed by cross-referencing with cardiac MRI reports extracted through Natural Language Processing and through manual evaluation of patient charts and imaging records.

Results

In 414 patients, echocardiogram measurements of pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) were obtained at the time of diagnosis. The mean age was 59.4 ± 16.6 years, with 181 (44%) being females. The mean PASP was 38 ± 12 mmHg in females vs. 33 ± 9 mmHg in males (p < 0.0001). PH as defined by a PASP value of > 36 mmHg was present in 140/414 (34%) patients, with a predominance in females [79/181 (44%)] vs. males [61/233 (26%), p < 0.0001]. Female sex, atrial fibrillation, diagnosis of congestive heart failure, and elevated filling pressures on echocardiogram remained significantly associated with PH (PASP > 36 mmHg) in multivariable modeling. PH, when present, was independently associated with mortality [hazard ratio 1.63, 95% CI (1.05–2.53), p = 0.028] and symptoms [odds ratio 2.28 (1.40, 3.71), p < 0.001].

Conclusion

PH was present in 34% of patients with ApHCM at diagnosis, with female sex predominance. PH in ApHCM was associated with symptoms and increased mortality.
ChatGPT in didactical tetrahedron, does it make an exception? A case study in mathematics teaching and learning
Authors: Dasari Dadan , Hendriyanto Agus , Sahara Sani , Suryadi Didi , Muhaimin Lukman Hakim , Chao Theodore , Fitriana Laila
Published: January 2024

The didactical tetrahedron model proposes a framework for integrating technology into the previous didactical triangle. This study addresses this issue through examining the role of ChatGPT in educational settings. This quantitative and qualitative study reveals differences among three groups. We observed that students relying solely on ChatGPT for learning resulted in lower performance compared to those receiving instruction from teachers, either alone or supported by ChatGPT. The findings highlight the potential of ChatGPT in enhancing mathematical understanding, yet also underscore the indispensable role of instructors. While students generally perceive ChatGPT as a beneficial tool for learning mathematical concepts, there are concerns regarding over-reliance and the ethical implications of its use. The integration of ChatGPT into educational frameworks remains questionable within a didactic context, particularly due to its limitations in fostering deep information comprehension, stimulating critical thinking, and providing human-like guidance. The study advocates for a balanced approach, suggesting that ChatGPT can augment the learning process effectively when used in conjunction with guidance. Thus, positioning technology as an independent focal point in transforming the didactic triangle into a didactical tetrahedron is not appropriate, even when represented by ChatGPT.