bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La responsabilidad social de los profesionales ¿Eje fundamental de la Educación Superior en Colombia?
Authors:   Universidad Libre, Beltrán Galvis Luis Humberto
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo, que lleva por título: La responsabilidad social de los profesionales ¿Eje Fundamental de la Educación Superior en Colombia? se inspiró, precisamente en el hecho, de que este tópico no existe, o por lo menos no se ve contemplado en los planes curriculares de muchos programas académicos de instituciones de Educación Superior en Colombia. No ha sido el tópico, “Responsabilidad Social”, algo que se haya considerado como fundamental en los procesos de formación profesional, quizás, porque se ha pensado como algo implícito de la formación en cada una de las múltiples carreras profesionales que ofrecen las instituciones. Se les ha dado prioridad a los contenidos y tópicos netamente profesionales, esto es, disciplinares, olvidando, o cuando mucho, colocando en segundo plano la problemática relacionada con las consecuencias de un ejercicio profesional sin calidad, sin ética, sin principios, y sin sensibilidad ni conciencia de los daños que todo esto conlleva a una población, así como al ecosistema, a los bienes económicos y sociales, a la moral y a las buenas costumbres. No hay duda, que gran parte de los múltiples problemas que de toda índole padece hoy nuestro País, así como el Continente Latinoamericano, para no referirnos a otros espacios continentales, están directamente asociados con las grandes falencias y vacíos de la educación y la formación que se imparten en el Nivel Superior. No se forman los profesionales, en la conciencia ni en el compromiso de ser verdaderamente útiles a la sociedad; no se forman en la conciencia ni en el compromiso de orientar las acciones profesionales hacia la preservación del Medio Ambiente; no se forman en el compromiso, de verdaderamente defender y proteger la vida; no se forman en el compromiso, de contribuir a posibilitar una convivencia en paz y armonía social.
Immigration, settlement process and mental health challenges of immigrants/ refugees: Alternative care thinking
Authors: Zanchetta Margareth Santos , Gebremariam Abinet , Ansari David Aftab , Huang Elizabeth , Larchanché Stéphanie , Picot-Ngo Clément , Cognet Marguerite , John Shone
Published: August 2021

This paper discusses progressive thinking and clinical views on improving mental health practice for immigrants and refugees. It addresses policy, care delivery, professionals’ attitudes, and immigrants’ access to mental health care — all factors especially pertinent for practice in major immigration hubs. The data was gathered from invited presentations and discussions among participants at an international multidisciplinary symposium, including health and social scientists from Toronto (Canada) and Paris (France), major urban centres attracting large numbers of immigrant and refugees who constantly encounter challenges for their successful settlement. The focus is on alternative care thinking and innovative approaches for better care and understanding of these populations’ health behavior. Recommendations on how to advance knowledge relevant for these two urban hubs of immigration were documented, underpinned by the consensus that economic disparities, societal and political forces, as well as cultural and linguistic factors, influence immigrants’ and refugees’ vulnerability regarding mental health stability.
Éditorial
Authors: Holmes Dave
Published: August 2021

Éditorial
Correo del BID: Vol. 8, no. 4, octubre 1970
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

Correo del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Correo del BID: Vol. 8, no. 2, abril 1970
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

Correo del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Correo del BID: Vol. 7, no. 3, julio 1969
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

Correo del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Correo del BID: Vol. 7, no. 2, abril 1969
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

Correo del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Correo del BID: Vol. 7, no. 1, enero 1969
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

Correo del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Research Insights: Can Good Peers Hurt?: The Effect of Top Students on Girls' Educational Outcomes
Authors: Busso Matías , Frisancho Verónica
Published: August 2021

Exposure to good peers of either sex during middle school reduces the probability that top-performing girls are placed in one of their preferred high schools. High-achieving boys have a detrimental effect on the selectiveness of the schools in which top female students are placed. These placement effects are driven by both lower admission scores and weakened preferences for selective and academic schools. Exposure to high-achieving girls improves the admission exam scores of poor-performing girls. This protective effect on scores translates into an average increase in the selectivity of the high schools in which low-performing girls are placed.
Applying of Chitosan-TiO2 Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Degradation of Anthracene and Pyrene
Authors: Tatarinov Danila , Sokolnikova Sofia , Myslitskaya Natalia
Published: August 2021

In this work, chitosan-TiO2 nanocomposites (NСs CS-TiO2) were developed for the photocatalytic degradation of some representatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by laser ablation method and their sizes were determined by dynamic laser light scattering (DLLS). Anthracene and pyrene in micellar solution were used as representatives of PAHs. The effect of TiO2 in the composition of prepared nanocomposites on the photodegradation of PAHs in model environments under UV irradiation was studied. The method of solid-phase luminescence (SPL) was used to estimate the decrease in PAHs concentrations. Based on the results of the studies carried out, pseudo-first order photodegradation kinetics were plotted. The efficiency of using the nanocomposites for the photocatalytic degradation of anthracene and pyrene was proved.
Changes in the Structure of the Benzylpenicillin Sodium Salt Molecule under the Pulsed Magnetic Field
Authors: Rodenko Natalia , Zhukova Valentina , Vasilieva Tatyana , Glushchenkov Vladimir , Belyaeva Irina
Published: August 2021

The study aims at the Fourier spectra of an antibiotic exposed to a high-intensity pulsed magnetic field. The applied frequency was f = 40 kHz, with a number of pulses n = 1, at intensities of the pulsed magnetic field H = 0.09 × 106 А/m, Н = 0.50 × 106 А/m, Н = 0.82 × 106 А/m. It was assumed that under the conditions of the pulsed magnetic field there might be a change in the structure of the drug molecule. The research has revealed that an increase in the pulsed magnetic field power leads first to a decrease in the intensity of the band in the Fourier spectrum, and then to its increase. In addition, changes were recorded in the amide group of benzylpenicillin sodium salt molecules depending on the intensity of the pulsed magnetic field applied to the antibiotic.
Characterization of Normal and Malignant Breast Tissues utilizing Hyperspectral Images and Associated Differential Spectrum Algorithm
Authors: Aref Mohamed , Youssef Abou-Bakr , El-Sharkawy Ibrahim
Published: August 2021

Breast malignancy is the most pervasive disease and a significant reason for death in women around the world. Recently, Photonic technologies play a vital role in medical applications. This study presents an outline of recent outcomes on the magnitude of breast tissue optical properties. We established an optical system setup utilizing a hyperspectral (HS) camera with poly-chromatic source lights with wavelength (380~1050 nm) for this investigation. Measuring the diffuse reflection (Ŗd) of the investigated ex vivo breast sample to select the optimum spectral image to differentiate between the normal and tumor in the near infra-red and visible (NIR–VIS) spectrum. Finally, applying the custom algorithm to increase the image contrast and applying contour delineation of the malignant regions. The experimental analysis indicates key spectroscopic variations between normal tissue and malignant region in range (550~650 nm). Although, after data normalization, there was noticeable variation at three ranges (630–680 nm), (720–770 nm), and (830–880 nm). The calculated standard deviation (Şd) between the normal and cancer tissue to validate the selective ranges shows that the highest contrast at wavelength 680 nm. However, the histogram analysis illustrates that the spectral image at 600 nm was higher contrast and wavelength 400 nm was the lowest contrast from the select seven-spectral images (400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 nm) to avoid the processing time of the captured HS 128-frames. The proposed potential method could provide promising results on the investigated breast sample optical properties in the diagnostic applications to assist the pathologist and the surgeon. Where the optimum wavelength at 680 nm for diagnostic applications and the ideal spectral image at 600 nm discriminate between the normal and malignant tissue.
Optical Signature Analysis of Liver Ablation Stages Exploiting Spatio-Spectral Imaging
Authors: Aref Mohamed , Abdlaty Ramy , Abbass Mohamed , Aboughaleb Ibrahim , Nassar Ayman , Youssef Abou-Bakr
Published: August 2021

Background and Objective: Thermal ablation modalities such as Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) / Microwave ablation (MWA) are deliberately used for marginally invasive tumor removal by escalating tissue temperature. For precise tumor extinguish, thermal ablation outcomes need routine monitoring for tissue necrosis in a challenging research task. The study aims to exploit hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to evaluate the impact of the liver tissue ablation. Materials and Methods: RFA with temperature range (≥80 °C) was accomplished on the ex vivo animal liver and evaluated using a spectral camera (400~1000 nm). The spectral signatures were extracted from the HSI data after the following processing steps: capturing three spectral data cubes for each liver sample with total 7-samples (before ablation, after ablation, and after ablation with sample slicing) using an HSI optical configuration. The custom HSI processing comprises “Top-hat and Bottom-hat transform” combined with “watershed transform” image segmentation to increase the intensity for a region of interest (ROI) of the investigated tissue, linking spectral and spatial data. Additionally, statistical analysis for HSI data was performed to exclusively select the best spectral band that discriminates between the normal, thermally-damaged, and ablated liver regions. Results: The variation of the optical parameters for the investigated liver samples provides variable interaction with the light diffuse reflection (Ŗd) over the spectrum range (400~1000 nm). Where, the extracting spectral information of the various tissue zones from the induced RFA linked to the hemoglobin, methemoglobin, and water permits variations. The generated spectral image after image enhancement utilizing “Top-hat and Bottom-hat transform” followed by “watershed segmentation”, showed high contrast between normal and thermal regions at a wavelength (600 nm). However, the wavelength (900 nm) shows a high variance between the normal and ablated regions. Finally, delineation of the thermal and ablated regions on the complemented enhanced image. Conclusion: HSI is considered a promising optical noninvasive technique for monitoring the RFA toward enhancing the ablation-based treatment for liver tumor outcomes.
Determinant of Market Share in the Indonesian Islamic Banking Industry
Authors: Hanafi Syafiq Mahmadah
Published: August 2021

Market share determines the position of revenue and public utilization of Sharia bank. This research aims to examine the internal and external determinant factors of Indonesia Sharia banking market share. The secondary data were obtained from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and Bank Indonesia (BI). Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) was used to explore the short and long periods from the inﬂuence of variables, including total of oﬃces, customers, third-party saving (DPK), and promotion. The results showed that the total number of Automated Teller Machines (ATM) had a contrastingly diﬀerent impact. Therefore, this research recommends adding all variables quantitatively.
Kerch Strait and Its Technogenic Pollution: Possibilities of Optical and Radar Remote Sensing
Authors: Ivanov A.Yu. , Khlebnikov D.V. , Konovalov B.V. , Klimenko S.K. , Terleeva N.V.
Published: August 2021

The possibilities of using satellite imagery of modern remote sensing satellites, both optical and radar, to study anthropogenic pollution and the state of the marine environment of the Kerch Strait are discussed. It is shown that satellite data and images allow one to quickly obtain practically complete information about a particular phenomenon and emergency situation in the strait.
Monitoring the Level of the Air Contamination by Chemical Elements Impoundment in the Snow Melt of the Snow Blanket
Authors: Bondarevich E.A. , Kotsurzhinskaya N.N. , Leskova O.A. , Mikhailova L.A. , Samoylenko G.Yu.
Published: August 2021

The research on the snow blanket pollution in Chita and its environs has been conducted to determine 29 chemical elements in the snow melt. It has been revealed that there is a direct causality between the pollution degree of the snow aqueous phase and the level of air pollution in the technogenesis environment. While comparing some indicators of chemical elements content and their compounds in snow melt, a critical concentration in the reference sites has been identified. It has been noted that the standard ratios compliance for this phase in the conjoint backgrounds is not always realistic, requires the MPC indicators development for the snow under technogenic impact and consideration of natural geochemical conditions and climatic factors.
Regeneration of the Disturbed Lands: Identified Trends
Authors: Ignatieva M.N. , Strovskiy V.E. , Yurak V.V. , Ivanov A.N.
Published: August 2021

The generalized and analyzed experience of reclamation in various federal areas of our country has been presented, as well as this in the Urals Federal District with the lowest percentage of disturbed land regeneration. There has been identified a gradual increase of reclaimed lands, the interconnection of the biggest percentage of reclaimed and disturbed lands in the Urals, Siberian, Far Eastern and Volga Federal Districts, the ratio of disturbed and reclaimed lands by categories with details of reclamations. The information has been analyzed for a long period of time – 1995–2018 to possibly consider the identified trends as reliable. Taking them into account while making management decisions to increase the efficiency of reclamation.
Genetic Screening of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Susceptible Women, an Effective Step in Identifying Women at Risk for Obstetric CVT
Authors: Varnamkhasti Khalil Khashei
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Predisposition to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) also has a genetic basis and inherited thrombophilias constitute 22.4 % of the CVT cases. CVT with a varied clinical presentation and pathogenesis is one of the important causes of stroke which is not very common. Inherited thrombophilias with concomitant acquired risk factors like pregnancy may increase the risk of CVT manifold. Identification of a number of genetic variants increasing susceptibility to CVT and related traits opened up opportunity, to screening of women at high risk of developing obstetric CVT.
Evaluation of NOS2 Polymorphism in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients in Mazandaran Province
Authors: Hooshyar Mahshad , Abedian-Kenari Saeed , Mohammadpour Abbas , Mirmajidi Habibeh , Jafari-Sabet Majid , Ataee Ramin
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. North of Iran is a high-risk area for gastric cancer. Nitric oxide (NO), mainly synthesized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) in pathological conditions, plays an important role in cytotoxicity, inflammation and fibrosis. In this research we studied the effect of (rs1137933) T>C genotype on gastric cancer.
Methods: This analysis was performed on 93 patients with gastric cancer who were referred to endoscopy Tuba Clinic in 2015 and 93 healthy individuals as controls. DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples was applied in PCR-RFLP (Polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis to determine (rs1137933) T>C genotype. The association of the (rs1137933) T>C genotype and gastric cancer risk were analyzed by MedCalc software and (X2) Chi-square and (OR) Odds Ratio exams.
Results: Frequency of TT, CT, and CC genotypes in cases was 12.61, 51.35 and 36% and 38.7, 34.4, and 26.8% in the control group. Significant association was found between (rs1137933) T>C genotype with gastric cancer chance, P<0.05, OR=2/04, 95% CI (1/37 to 3/03).
Conclusion: The results of the study show that the presence of CC+CT genotypes may increase the risk of gastric cancer.  P < 0.0001, OR=4.37 (2.17 to 8.80).Therefore, investigating the (rs1137933) T>C single nucleotide polymorphism of NOS2 gene could be an appropriate molecular marker that could be used to determine individual sensitivity to gastric cancer and for designing cancer prevention programs.
Research On human motion recognition algorithm based on WLD
Authors: Feng SUN Qiu , Xia LI
Published: August 2021

With the rapid development of intelligent technology,People’s lives have gradually entered the era of information and intelligentce,Wearable devices are becoming more and more popular,it is easier to use sensors to obtain data,even physiological data,from human body.When large amounts of data are collected by sensors,we can analyze and model them.the values of each characteristic are used to judge the user’s state,then according to the state we can provide users with more accurate and convenient services. In this paper,the data collected by different sensors are used to establish a prediction model and analyze the comparative effect of different recognition algorithms on the test data. The results of the experiment shows that the Bayesian method based on WLD identities the state of the human body better.
La construcción lingüística del Estado moderno: el concepto de democracia como una descripción abreviada de promesas por cumplir
Authors: RAMÍREZ-VALLEJO DORA A.
Published: August 2021

El Estado moderno es un concepto que implica un conjunto de instituciones y de relaciones sociales que ejerce sus funciones sobre un territorio a partir del control de la violencia y de las diferentes prácticas discursivas. Por su parte, la democracia es un conjunto de reglas que autoriza para la toma de decisiones colectivas bajo unos procedimientos específicos. No obstante, ambos términos son construcciones lingüísticas, no son entidades abstractas que puedan existir por sí mismas, sino que son posibles por los compromisos discursivos que establecen los seres humanos por el uso del lenguaje, en el marco de la intencionalidad colectiva, la imposición de funciones de estatus y los poderes deónticos. El objetivo fue analizar los conceptos de Estado moderno y democracia, para comprender su implicación en la ontología social en la que los participantes de estas comunidades los ponen en práctica a partir de diferentes compromisos discursivos. La metodología es el rastreo documental entre los teóricos del Estado, la democracia y la construcción de la realidad social a partir del lenguaje. Como conclusión se establece que tanto el Estado moderno como la democracia son construcciones lingüísticas, en especial, de promesas por cumplir. Por lo mismo, ambos conceptos son frágiles y exigen la aplicación práctica por parte de todos los ciudadanos. Para ratificar estos acuerdos, los participantes deberán tomar en serio sus compromisos y tener la creencia, aunque débil, en un Estado democrático.
El despliegue militar en el territorio nacional con ocasión de la pandemia por Covid-19: las tareas de apoyo de la defensa a la autoridad civil
Authors: MAZO ARBOLEDA JUAN CAMILO , GÓMEZ PARRADO OMAR
Published: August 2021

El Ejército Nacional de Colombia, en desarrollo de operaciones militares, tiene como premisa apoyar la autoridad civil en el ejercicio de gobierno; por tal razón, es inminente la necesidad de destacar las tareas de apoyo a la defensa de la autoridad civil (ADAC) como acción militar inherente a la misión constitucional impuesta. En tal sentido, las autoridades territoriales en todos los niveles deben hacer uso de esta herramienta legítima que le otorgan la Constitución y las leyes para el mantenimiento del orden público, el cual se fundamenta en la coordinación y sincronización en una unidad de esfuerzo para lograr un fin común, que, en este caso, es la contención de la pandemia por covid-19. El uso de las fuerzas militares no es exclusivo del estado de guerra o conmoción interior; en consonancia, es multiplicador de capacidades en cualquier estado de emergencia decretado legítimamente por el Ejecutivo, tal es el caso de la situación actual en que el rol de las fuerzas militares contribuye de manera significativa en la disciplina social que se requiere en medio de las medidas sanitarias del distanciamiento.
El tiempo en el espacio doméstico
Authors: Fernández Villalobos Nieves
Published: August 2021

Las diferentes disciplinas, partiendo de presupuestos diversos, enfocan su atención en una gran variedad de estratos del tiempo.  En relación con la arquitectura, se puede considerar el tiempo a partir de significados distintos y la manera en que lo vinculamos a los espacios. Habitualmente hablamos del tiempo físico, es el tiempo astronómico, matemático y cuantitativo. Pero también existe el tiempo ontológico, psíquico y vivido. El tiempo emocional es eminentemente subjetivo, variable, inestable y cualitativo, y podemos definir el tiempo mental como abstracto e intelectual.
La Casa es un instrumento fundamental para vivir. Debe proporcionarnos refugio y seguridad, alojar nuestra memoria y permitir nuestros sueños; debe ser flexible para dar cabida a diversas funciones improvisadas, posibilitar nuestra privacidad y convivencia feliz con los que habitamos; debe mantenernos atentos ante los cambios sutiles de nuestro entorno; en definitiva, debe contener distintas capas y manifestaciones de tiempo.
La situación vivida durante la pandemia puede sugerir nuevas formas de espacio vital, diferentes a las que estábamos acostumbrados. Todos hemos experimentado cómo ha cambiado nuestra percepción del tiempo en esta etapa, y cómo la casa se ha ido adaptando, por necesidad, para reunir funciones que habitualmente se realizaban fuera de ella. El espacio es la materia prima para crear una experiencia arquitectónica, y si agregamos el tiempo como dimensión extra, el espacio se vuelve dinámico. Conceptos como cambio, crecimiento, evolución, adaptabilidad, memoria e interacción, deben entrar en juego en nuestros proyectos. La reflexión sobre el tiempo y sus diferentes significados a través de varios ejemplos del mundo del arte, la arquitectura y el diseño, puede ayudarnos a crear espacios domésticos más amables, dinámicos y flexibles, para adaptarse fácilmente a las nuevas circunstancias.
Analysis of Plasma Orexin Levels in Pedıatrıc Migraine Patients: A Prospectıve Controlled Clinical Study
Authors: İNCE Hülya , AYDIN Ömer Faruk , ALAÇAM Hasan , ÇETİNOĞLU Erhan Çetin
Published: August 2021

Objective: Migraine is the most common primary headache disorder in children. However, its pathogenetic mechanisms are not fully understood. Researchers focused on Orexin A (a neuropeptide with anti-nociceptive effects) and Orexin B (a neuropeptide with pro-nociceptive effects), but the literature is scarce in terms of studies investigating the plasma levels of these neuropeptides in pediatric migraine patients. We aimed to compare the plasma levels of orexins between pediatric migraine patients and healthy controlsMethods: Children aged between 5 and 18 who were under diagnostic evaluation for and diagnosed with migraine in Ondokuz Mayıs University, Department of Pediatric Neurology between December 2018 and December 2019, constituted the target population. All study group patients (Group 1) were diagnosed with migraine according to IHS 2004 criteria. The control group (Group 2) consisted of healthy children. Data including age, gender, and presence or absence of aura were recorded. Two blood samples were taken from the patients in Group 1. The first sample was withdrawn during a non-attack period, and the second sample was withdrawn during the initial migraine attack. Only one blood sampling was done in the control group. Plasma Orexin A and Orexin B levels were analyzed by radioimmunoassay and compared between Group 1 and Group 2 during non-attack and attack periods. Also, intra-group comparative analyses were performed. Non-parametric tests were used for statistical analysis.Results: This study included 98 patients, 52 children with migraine (Group 1), and 46 healthy children (Group 2). Mean patient age was 12,5±3,1 year in Group 1 and 12,3±3,4 years in Group 2. There was no difference between patient groups in terms of gender (p=0,103) and age (p=0,734). Plasma Orexin A levels of the migraine patients were higher than control group participants during the non-attack period, while Orexin B levels of the migraine patients were higher than migraine patients during the attack period. The mean plasma Orexin A level was significantly higher during the non-attack period than the attack period (p=0,002). The mean plasma Orexin B level was significantly higher during the attack than in the non-attack period (p=0,002). The presence of aura did not impact plasma orexin levels during both attack and non-attack periods.Conclusions: The plasma level of Orexin A is elevated in migraine patients, probably as a response to nociceptive signals, and migraine attack is associated with elevated plasma Orexin B levels. Targeting the orexinergic system seems like a reasonable approach to improving the treatment of migraine disease.
Ecology of communicative word distribution
Authors: Shakhovskiy Victor I.
Published: August 2021

We offer an extended understanding of the linguistic term distribution. We list its possible constructs in various communicative acts and communicative-semantic situations in the aspect of a new linguistic paradigm – “Emotive linguoecology”. We distinguish several constructs for the distribution of the communicative interaction of speakers. Each type of construct is illustrated with examples from the history and modern life of the Russian language, as well as fiction autobiographical literature, pedagogical parables and Internet resources. We substantiate that the modern era is characterized by the presence of createme, emotionalization and expressivization of society, as evidenced by the ecology of communication. We argue that one of the main tasks of modern world linguistics is to curb human emotions with language, its linguoplastics and reorientation of all types of communication to a positive vector. To consider linguistic facts, we propose a non-trivial approach to understanding the term concept of linguistic distribution, namely, its extended understanding: word position from right to left (contact / discount / distant), action, situation, event, confession, culture, social environment, micro-, macrocontext, chapter / section context, book parts, vertical context of the entire book, vertical context of all texts of one author , the vertical context of all books by all authors, the specific culture of all authors of fictional and non-fictional works - the global mega-context of some global word / global semantic universum.
Breaking of onomastic stereotypes in online games of the telephone format (on the example of the game “Supreme Mandarin”)
Authors: Belyaeva Marina Y.
Published: August 2021

The aim of the work is to identify the factors of national stereotypes destruction and onomastic formulas in online games of the telephone format (on the example of the game “Supreme Mandarin”). The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the analysis of the anthroponymy and ergonymy of online games allows us to judge the place of the national and international in the gaming space, and therefore in the minds of our contemporaries. We use structural and se-mantic methods of onomastics analysis, etymological analysis, and the psychological method of participatory observation. The scientific novelty consists in the collection of new linguistic materi-al (anthroponymy and ergonymy of the online game “Supreme Mandarin”) and its analysis from the standpoint of the proper names correspondence of the setting to the nationally oriented formulas for naming persons. We reveal that the programmed system of assigning game names, as well as the names of characters, supports and simultaneously destroys the authenticity of the game’s time and space. The setting is invaded by foreign or distorted ethnically oriented formulas for naming faces, parts of characters. The strengthening of breaking stereotypes “outerly” is due to the choice of gamers (in broad sense of the term) game names, ergonomics (alliance designation) without the intervention of the system. We determine that at the same time gender correlation is lost, stability and national authenticity of the personal name are eroded, and the fashionable ideas of communities dominate. Conclusions: analysis of anthroponyms and ergonomics of the game “Supreme Mandarin” shows violations of a number of nominative traditions: the ritual of naming and changing the name, ethnic onyms marking, gender identity. The violation of the authenticity of time and space reflects the mixed mass culture of the 21st century.
German-Slavic toponymic contacts in East Germany
Authors: Belyaev Andrei N.
Published: August 2021

We consider the issues of the relationship between the German language and the Sorbian language. The material of the study is the toponyms that are common in the territory that extends in the east to the course of the rivers Bober, Quays and Oder, in the north – to the vicinity of Berlin, and in the west goes beyond the Saale River. The relevance of the study is due to the desire for a more in-depth study of German-Slavic language contacts issues. The novelty of the work lies in the consideration of the issue in various aspects: language levels, sociolinguistic, areal. We study the mechanisms and properties of adaptation of Slavic toponyms at all linguistic levels, clarify the methodology for describing the integration process of borrowed toponyms, describe the phase’s characteristic of the integration process. We show that among the Slavs and Germans, semantic parallelism in the acts of nomination is often noted, due to the geographical environment. We establish that the linguo-geographic relations that developed during the German-Lusatian to-ponymic interaction are heterogeneous in nature. We conclude that interlanguage contacts in the field of toponymy were complex and did not have a monolithic character, as was previously be-lieved. As a prospect for further research, it is planned to study the Slavic Germanic place names in the Slavic languages.
Understanding of happiness in Russian and Dagestan worldview images
Authors: Idzibagandova Uzdiyat I.
Published: August 2021

We present a comparative analysis of the concept “Happiness” in the Russian and Dagestan linguistic world-image. We note the prevalence degree of proverbs and sayings about happiness in Russian and Dagestan cultures, we identify the conceptual field (joy, luck, goodness, work, wealth) inherent in the semantics of the concept “Happiness” in the phraseological units of the studied languages. We consider the key semantic accents in the understanding of happiness (the relationship of happiness with unhappiness and fate). As a result of the analysis, we note the comprehension intensity of the concept of “Happiness” in Russian culture, the great semantic uni-queness of popular ideas about happiness among the Dagestan peoples, as well as the dialectical relationship of happiness and unhappiness in both linguistic world-image.
The word pearl in Russian poetry and its Chinese roots
Authors: Weng Jiatong
Published: August 2021

The object of the analysis is the word pearl in the Russian language. The subject of the study is to consider the functioning of this lexeme in Russian poetry. The analysis uses descriptive, comparative, and stylistic methods. The word pearl was borrowed by the Russian language from Chinese through the Turkic mediation in the 12th century. The Chinese word 珍珠 [zhēnzhū] con-sists of two syllable morphemes 珍 ‘rare, expensive, valuable’ and 珠 ‘glob, bead’. We examine the appearance history of this lexeme in the Russian language, reveal the original and figurative meanings of the word and its word-forming and combinative activity. Lexeme pearl is entered the active vocabulary of the Russian language, became widely used in the speech of Russian people, acquired a large number of derivatives and stable phrases with them. We analyze the functioning of the word pearl, the lexemes formed from it, and the stable phrases containing these units in Russian poetry. Pearls have become a favorite means of expressing ideas about beauty, value, love, and emotions among Russian poets. The word pearl, its derivatives and phrases with it are found in the works of most Russian poets, they are noted in the poems of A.S. Pushkin,
M.Y. Lermontov, M.I. Tsvetaeva, V.Y. Bryusov, K.D. Balmont and many others. We found that in the works of poets of the 18–19th centuries, the word pearl is regularly found in the singular with an oxytonic accent, and in the twentieth century, the accentuation becomes penultimative, transferred one syllable forward. The perspective of this research is to study the use of the pearl token in translations into Russian of works by foreign authors, including Chinese ones.
Extensão universitária e reconhecimento social
Authors: Menegaldo Fernanda Raffi , Bortoleto Marco Antonio Coelho
Published: August 2021

Este artigo discute a experiência do Grupo Ginástico Unicamp (GGU), projeto extensionista da Faculdade de Educação Física da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FEF-Unicamp) vigente há mais de 30 anos. A partir do referencial teórico forjado pelo filósofo e sociólogo alemão Axel Honneth, esta discussão buscou destacar o papel da extensão universitária com base nos padrões de reconhecimento intersubjetivo: amor, direito e solidariedade. O caso do GGU revela que a extensão universitária pode constituir-se como um espaço de fomento do reconhecimento e pertencimento social. Ademais, a proposta pedagógica empregada no referido projeto vem viabilizando um espaço de prática da ginástica de forma flexível, crítica e com ênfase no processo, revelando-se um potente agente no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento de habilidades e vínculos sociais e do reconhecimento recíproco. Com isso, essa ação extensionista proporciona aos seus participantes uma enriquecedora experiência corporal e social.
Neurofeedback Effects on EEG Connectivity in Children with Reading Disorder: I. Coherence
Authors: Albarrán-Cárdenas Lucero , Silva-Pereyra Juan , Martínez-Briones Benito Javier , Bosch-Bayard Jorge , Fernández Thalía
Published: August 2021

Electroencephalograms (EEGs) of children with reading disorder (RD) are characterized by higher power and coherence in slow frequencies (delta and theta bands) and lower power and coherence in the alpha band compared to EEGs of typically developed children. Neurofeedback (NFB) is useful for treating learning disorders by reinforcing the reduction of the theta/alpha ratio. This efficacy is supported by EEG power normalization and cognitive-behavioral improvement. To further explore brain changes in isolated areas, this study aimed to explore the effects of this NFB protocol on functional connectivity (coherence) in children with RD. Twenty children with RD and an abnormally high theta/alpha ratio underwent 30 sessions of NFB. After treatment, 90% of par-ticipants learned to decrease their theta/alpha ratio, and on average, children increased their reading accuracy and comprehension scores. Interhemispheric coherence diminished in the delta, theta and beta bands, mainly between frontopolar regions. Intrahemispheric coherence decreased in delta, theta and beta bands and increased in alpha band. The reduction in theta coherence be-tween the left frontal area and other regions of the left hemisphere had particular relevance for reading. These results suggest that this NFB treatment could positively impact reading-related functions in the brain networks of children with RD.
Assessment on the Use of Meteorological and Social Media Information for Forest Fires Detection and Prediction in Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Fitriany Anni Arumsari , Flatau Piotr Jacek , Khoirunurrofik Khoirunurrofik , Riama Nelly Florida
Published: August 2021

Early detection that results in early warning of forest fires occurrences in Indonesia, which are strongly related to land management practices (including peatlands), is necessary to mitigate land and forest fires in Indonesia. Riau has been chosen in this study because of its vulnerability to forest fires. The remoteness of this region is one reason for developing alternative warning tools using meteorological and social media information. This study identified tweets related to fires using carefully selected keywords, geoparsed to select messages relevant to fire occurrences, and binned within several Indonesian sub-regions in Riau Province. Content analysis was performed for 31 related online local newspapers. Assessment to study the correlation between meteorological and Twitter information with the forest fires was conducted. Existing approaches that the BMKG and other Indonesian agencies use to detect fire activities are reviewed, and a novel approach based on crowdsourcing of tweets is proposed. The results show a correlation between meteorological information and Twitter activity with satellites derived hotspot information. The policy implications of these results suggest that information should be included in the fire management system in Indonesia to support fire early detection as part of fire disaster mitigation efforts.
Extracellular Matrix Components as Diagnostic Tools in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Golusda Laura , Kühl Anja A , Siegmund Britta , Paclik Daniela
Published: August 2021

Work from the last years indicate that the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a direct role in vari-ous cellular processes including proliferation, migration and differentiation. Besides homeostat-ic processes, its regulatory function in inflammation becomes more and more evident. In in-flammation like inflammatory bowel disease, the ECM composition is constantly remodeled which can result in a structuring of fistulizing disease course. Thus, tracking early ECM changes might bear the potential to predict the disease course. In this review, we will provide an over-view of relevant diagnostic methods focusing on ECM changes.
Clinical Relevance of Elevated Soluble ST2, HSP27 and 20S Proteasome in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Wendt Ralph , Lingitz Marie-Therese , Laggner Maria , Mildner Michael , Traxler Denise , Graf Alexandra , Krotka Pavla , Moser Bernhard , Hoetzenecker Konrad , Kalbitz Sven , Luebbert Christoph , Beige Joachim , Ankersmit Hendrik Jan
Published: August 2021

Although, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus – 2 (SARS-CoV 2) represents one of the biggest challenges in the world today, the exact immunopathogenic mechanism that leads to severe or critical Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has remained incompletely understood. Several studies have indicated that high systemic plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines result in the so-called “cytokine storm”, with subsequent development of microthrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and multiorgan-failure. Therefore, we reasoned that elevated inflammatory cytokine might act as prognostic factors. Here, we analyzed 245 serum samples of patients with COVID-19, collected at hospital admission. We assessed the levels of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), soluble suppressor of tumorigenicity- 2 (sST2), caspase cleaved cytokeratin 18 (cCK18), 20S proteasome, and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR-1) and explored their associations with overall-, 30-, 60-, 90-day- and in-hospital mortality. Moreover, we investigated their association with the risk of ventilation. We demonstrated that increased serum sST2 was uni- and multivariably associated with all endpoints. However, we also identified 20S proteasome as independent prognostic factor for in-hospital mortality. Furthermore, elevated HSP27, sST2, and 20S proteasome levels at hospital admission were univariably associated with higher risk of invasive ventilation. These findings could help to identify high-risk patients early in the course of COVID-19.
Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Complex Socio-Technical-Economic-Ecosystems.
Authors: Martinez-Garcia Alejandro N.
Published: August 2021

The strong couplings among ecological, economic, social and technological processes explains the complexification of human-made systems, and phenomena such as globalization, climate change, the increased urbanization and inequality of human societies, the power of information, and the COVID-19 syndemics. Among complexification’s essential features are non-decomposability, asynchronous behavior, components with many degrees of freedom, increased likelihood of catastrophic events, irreversibility, nonlinear phase spaces with immense combinatorial sizes, and the impossibility of long-term, detailed prediction. Sustainability for complex systems implies enough efficiency to explore and exploit their dynamic phase spaces and enough flexibility to coevolve with their environments. This in turn means solving intractable nonlinear semi-structured dynamic multi-objective optimization problems, with conflicting, incommensurable, non-cooperative objectives and purposes, under dynamic uncertainty, restricted access to materials, energy and information, and a given time horizon, aiming at enhancing the co-evolutionary power of the Biosphere and its human subsystems. Giving the high-stakes, the need for effective, efficient, diverse solutions, their local-global, present-future effects, and their unforeseen short, medium and long-term impacts, achieving sustainable complex systems implies the need for Sustainability-designed Universal Intelligent Agents, harnessing the strong functional coupling between human, artificial and nonhuman biological intelligence in a no-zero-sum game to achieve sustainability.
Forms and Methods for Interferon's Encapsulation
Authors: Ramos Thelvia I. , Villacis Carlos A , Santiago Vispo Nelson , Santiago Padilla Leandro , Pedroso Santana Seidy , Parra Natalie C , Toledo Alonso Jorge R
Published: August 2021

Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines involved in the immune response that act on innate and adaptive immunity. These proteins are natural cell-signaling glycoproteins expressed in response to viral infections, tumors, and biological inducers and constitute the first line of defense of vertebrates against infectious agents. They have been marketed for more than 30 years with considerable impact on the global therapeutic protein market thanks to their diversity in terms of biological activities. They have been used as single agents or with combination treatment regimens, demonstrating promising clinical results, resulting in 22 different formulations approved by regulatory agencies. The 163 clinical trials with currently active IFNs reinforce their importance as therapeutics for human health. However, their application has presented difficulties due to the molecules’ size, sensitivity to degradation, and rapid elimination from the bloodstream. For some years now, work has been underway to obtain new drug delivery systems to provide adequate therapeutic concentrations for these cytokines, decrease their toxicity and prolong their half-life in the circulation. Although different research groups have presented various formulations that encapsulate IFNs, to date, there is no formulation approved for use in humans. The current review exhibits an updated summary of all encapsulation forms presented in the scientific literature for these cytokines IFNα, IFNß, and IFNγ, from the year 1996 to the year 2021, considering parameters such as: encapsulating matrix, route of administration, and encapsulation.
Financial Sector Liberalization and Agricultural Sector Output: Fresh Evidence From Nigeria
Authors: Ugah John
Published: August 2021

This study examined the relationship between financial sector liberalization and agricultural sector output in Nigeria using annual data spanning the period 1986-2020. Specifically, the objectives of the study are to examine the relationship between lending rate, exchange rate, commercial bank credit to agriculture, inflation rate and agricultural sector output in Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was employed and the annual time series data were collated from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. The econometrics methods of unit root, co-integration and error correction mechanism were used for the analyses. The outcome of the ADF unit root test show that the variables were stationary. Also the co-integration result showed that there exist co-integration amongst the variables in the model. The results from Error Correction Model indicates that lending rate and inflation rate have a negative relationship on agricultural sector output while exchange rate and commercial bank credit to agriculture have positive relationship on agricultural sector output. Based on these results, this study recommends that government and policy makers in Nigerian should initial policies that will boost investments in the agricultural sector through direct provision of credits to agriculturist and banks should also lend at a very low and subsidized interest rate to enable farmers’ access agricultural loans that will boost agricultural productivity in the economy.