bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of Multiple Metastatic Sites by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in a Rare Case of Epithelioid Angiosarcoma of the Scalp
Authors: Kale Shubham , Purandare Nilendu , Shah Sneha , Puranik Ameya , Agrawal Archi , Rangarajan Venkatesh
Published: February 2023

Epithelioid angiosarcoma is a rare subtype of angiosarcoma, with metastases occurring in more than 50% of cases and the lung is the most organ which is involved. Whole-body fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has demonstrated its clinical utility in the early detection of metastases in angiosarcoma. It is helpful to differentiate between benign lesions with low FDG uptake as compared to malignancies with high FDG avidity. Here, we present a rare case of a young man with epithelioid angiosarcoma, in which FDG PET/CT has demonstrated metastatic sites (especially lung metastases).
Study of Coverage and Barriers of Immunisation Among Children of Age 12–23 Months in Urban Areas of Rishikesh
Authors: Asha T. J. , Singh Mahendra , Aggarwal Pradeep , Sharma Nandita , Narayanan Ajun Unnikochan , Anjali M. , Namitha R. S.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Ensuring high immunisation coverage and its acceptance among the beneficiaries are crucial for a healthy society. Hence, this study aimed to estimate vaccine coverage and barriers of immunisation among children of age 12–23 months in urban areas of Rishikesh, Uttarakhand.

Aims:

To estimate the immunization coverage rate among children of age 12-23 months in urban area of Rishikesh.

Objectives:

To identify the barriers towards immunization in children of age 12-23 months in urban area of Rishikesh.

Materials and Methods:

A community-based cross-sectional study was done in urban areas of Rishikesh for 1 year, including 210 children, using the WHO's 30 × 7 cluster sampling technique to collect data on immunisation status.

Results:

About 92% of the children were fully immunised. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin has the highest coverage rate (99.5%), whereas the coverage was the lowest for the measles vaccine (93.8%). Full immunisation coverage was found to be statistically significant with the education of the respondent, socio-economic status (SES) of the family and birth order of the child. Additional vaccines uptake showed a significant association between SES of the family and the place of vaccination.

Conclusion:

There were significant variations in childhood immunisation coverage across socio-economic and demographic factors. These findings emphasize on the need for regular monitoring and evaluation of immunisation coverage to achieve the benefits of vaccination in all strata of society.
The Role of the Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Interferon-Gamma in Type 2 Diabetes and Its Correlation with Atherosclerosis
Authors: Jasim Al-Tamimi Marwa Naeem , Al-Shawk Refif Sabih , Al-Karawi Isam Noori Salman
Published: February 2023

Background:

Immunity plays a major role in the development of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon gamma (IFN-γ), play an important role in atherosclerosis-related inflammation.

Aims:

This study aims to determine whether IFN-γ level and AIP in patients with T2DM are associated with atherosclerosis development and the effect of IFN-γ concentration level in disease progression.

Materials and Methods:

This study involved 60 Iraqi T2DM patients (30 with dyslipidemia and 30 without dyslipidemia) with an age range of 35–70 years. For the purpose of comparison, 22 healthy participants comparable for T2DM were included in the study.

Results:

this study shows a significant increase in IFN-γ level in the patient groups as compared to the control group (P < 0.009). There was a gradualincrease of AIP in the three studied groups with a significant difference (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The level of IFN-γ and the AIPmay reflect the progression atherosclerosis which may give an alarming sign in studying group patients.
Efficacy of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation According to the Risk of Extracranial Recurrence in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Lee Tae Hoon , Chung Joo-Hyun , Wu Hong-Gyun , Kim Suzy , Lee Joo Ho , Keam Bhumsuk , Kim Jin-Soo , Kim Ki Hwan , Kim Byoung Hyuck , Kim Hak Jae
Published: February 2023

Purpose We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) for “early brain metastasis”, which occurs before extracranial recurrence (ECR), and “late brain metastasis”, which occurs after ECR, in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC).Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 271 LS-SCLC patients who underwent definitive chemoradiation. All patients were initially staged with brain magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. Intracranial recurrence (ICR), ECR, progression-free rate (PFR), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed as clinical endpoints. The competing risk of the first recurrence with ICR (ICRfirst) was evaluated. Significantly associated variables in multivariate analysis of ECR were considered as ECR risk factors. Patients were stratified according to the number of ECR risk factors.Results The application of PCI was associated with higher PFR (p=0.008) and OS (p=0.045). However, PCI was not associated with any of the clinical endpoints in multivariate analysis. The competing risk of ICRfirst was significantly decreased with the application of PCI (hazard ratio, 0.476; 95% confidence interval, 0.243 to 0.931; p=0.030). Stage III disease, sequential, and stable disease after thoracic radiation were selected as ECR risk factors. For patients without these risk factors, the application of PCI was significantly associated with increased OS (p=0.048) and a decreased risk of ICRfirst (p=0.026).Conclusion PCI may play a role in preventing early brain metastasis rather than late brain metastasis after ECR, suggesting that only patients with a low risk of ECR may currently benefit from PCI.
Crushing the Imperial(ist) Eagles: Nationalism, Ideological Instruction, and Adventure in the Bulgarian Comics about Spartacus – the 1980s and Beyond
Authors: Dimitrova Miryana
Published: February 2023

Daga (the Bulgarian word for “rainbow”) was a Bulgarian comic magazine launched in 1979 and regularly published until 1992. Its remarkably westernized aesthetic greatly impacted an entire generation of readers. Included in its variety of stories (history, sci-fi, literary classics) is an action-packed account of Spartacus’ exploits. For ten consecutive issues (1979–1983), the story spanned the hero’s life from a more fanciful narrative of his early years in Thrace to the better-documented events in Italy and his death. The paper explores the plotline, characterization, and visual aspects of “Spartak” to reveal the eponymous hero’s significance for young Bulgarian readers in the 1980s. Drawing on the cultural and historical context, I argue that Spartacus was well suited to serve as a role model and a national hero by embodying the proletarian anti-imperialist struggle and also, notably, because of his supposed place of birth near the river Strimon in modern-day Bulgaria. I also look at examples of contemporary comics, including a new graphic novel based on Daga’s story published in 2020, and consider the transmutations of the hero to suit the post-communist (and anti-communist) ideological agenda, characterized by a departure from the proletarian image of Spartacus in favor of more conservative, aristocratic features.
Baker, Josephine (Freda Josephine McDonald) (1906–1975)
Authors: Das Joanna Dee
Published: February 2023

At the height of her career in the late 1920s, Josephine Baker was perhaps the most famous dancer in the world. Her performances of ‘the primitive exotic’ shocked and titillated European audiences, who saw in her novelty the promise of a fresh start after the First World War exposed the moral and cultural bankruptcy of European civilization. What African sculpture had done for Pablo Picasso and other visual artists, what James Reese Europe’s ragtime band had done for music, Baker would do for dance—inject a Black aesthetic into Modernism. Far from being an instinct-driven ‘savage’, however, Baker was a skilled performer who consciously shaped and re-shaped her image to suit audience desires. Later in her career, she morphed herself into a ‘Black Venus,’ a combination of sophistication and seduction; still later, she positioned herself as a war hero, and then an anti-racist activist. The late 1920s phase of her career, however, was the most important to Modernism, for it awakened the European world to new ways of moving the body that felt modern in their purported primitivism.
Fabianism
Authors: McArthur Rachel
Published: February 2023

Fabianism is a non-revolutionary socialist movement advocating the rational, empirical study of social issues with the goal of direct government intervention. Fabianism originated with the Fabian Society, which was founded in London, UK, in 1884 and is still active. The Society emerged out of the radical and progressive debating clubs and discussion societies of late Victorian London, and particularly the Fellowship of the New Life. The Society reportedly took its name from the Roman General Q. Fabius Maximus, known as Cunctator or ‘the Delayer’, who defeated Hannibal through a policy of attrition and careful timing. Gradualist in its approach to social change, the Society focused on research and drafting policy recommendations, which it then passed on to political decision-makers. The Society is thus often considered to be a forerunner of the contemporary political think tank. After the First World War, the Society became associated with the Labour Party, although it remained organisationally independent. The high-water mark of Fabian influence in Britain came with the 1945 Labour majority government. More than half of the Labour Members of Parliament elected, including Prime Minister Clement Attlee, were members of the Society, and the welfare state they implemented drew on many Fabian ideas.
Luxemburg, Rosa (1871–1919)
Authors: Gammel Irene
Published: February 2023

Also known as ‘Red Rosa’, Rosa Luxemburg was a writer, philosopher, feminist, and labour activist who fuelled the socialist movement in Weimar Germany. For modernists such as Bertolt Brecht (1898–1956), who dedicated the activist song ‘Up, up, let’s fight’ to her, she was an iconic revolutionary. Born in Polish Russia of Jewish descent, Luxemburg was multilingual and well-educated, representing an international, rather than a nationalist outlook.
Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne pozarządowej pomocy rozwojowej świadczonej na Madagaskarze
Authors: Klein Małgorzata
Published: February 2023

Spatial differentiation of non-governmental aid provided in Madagascar

This paper assesses the correlation, if any, between the presence of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and improvements in quality of life in the regions of Madagascar. The research work involved several stages. First, a database of NGO activity in 2015–2019 was compiled. This included both secular NGOs and aid projects run by missionary centers. Second, 648 locations of where these entities were active were identified and superposed on the maps of the 2015–2019 Human Development Index changes in the various regions. Spatial analyses did not show any relationship between non-governmental aid and quality of life. The southern regions were especially interesting. This is where environmental conditions have been least favorable historically and where the HDI (notably in the Atsimo-Andrefana region) recorded a significant decrease in the analyzed years (despite substantial NGO activity).

Zarys treści: Celem omawianych badań jest sprawdzenie, czy istnieje związek między poziomem obiektywnej jakości życia w regionach Madagaskaru a obecnością na ich obszarze pozarządowej pomocy rozwojowej. Prace obejmowały kilka etapów. W pierwszej kolejności opracowano bazy danych zawierające informacje o projektach, które prowadzone były w latach 2015–2019 w ramach pozarządowej pomocy rozwojowej (to jest pomocy pochodzącej od organizacji pozarządowych i placówek misyjnych prowadzących działalność pomocową). Następnie dokładne lokalizacje projektów (648) naniesione zostały na mapy, prezentujące zmiany poziomu obiektywnej jakości życia (wyrażonej za pomocą wskaźnika rozwoju społecznego, HDI) w regionach. Analiza przestrzenna nie wykazała związku między obecnością pozarządowej pomocy rozwojowej a poziomem obiektywnej jakości życia. Uwagę przykuwa sytuacja południowych regionów, w których warunki środowiskowe są najtrudniejsze, i gdzie, szczególnie w regionie Atsimo-Andrefana, wskaźnik rozwoju społecznego odnotował w badanych latach wyraźny spadek (mimo stosunkowo dużej obecności pozarządowej pomocy rozwojowej na tych terenach).
The vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (SpVIH) of the crab Scylla paramamosain is not likely to have a vitellogenesis-inhibiting function in the ovary
Authors: Ji De-An , Chan Siuming F. , Zhao Yan-Fei , Wang Cheng-Gui
Published: February 2023

The function and molecular characterization of the previously reported crab (Scylla paramamosain) vitellogenesis inhibiting hormone SpVIH is still unclear. In this experiment, SpVIH’s bioinformatic and functional characterizations were analyzed. Sequence analysis showed SpVIH was clustered with several type II MIH/GIHs of the Brachyura. The expression of SpVIH in the eyestalk was low in the early ovarian developmental stage I and increased with the advancement of ovary maturation. Interestingly, the SpVIH transcript was still at a high level in the ovary of females at the middle to late maturation stage. SpVIH’s function was studied according to the expression of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) in the ovary and hepatopancreas after incubation with SpVIH-dsRNA and recombinant SpVIH protein (rSpVIH). In vitro assay results indicated that rSpVIH has a significant stimulative effect on the expression of Vg in the hepatopancreas in the middle stage of vitellogenesis and in the ovary of each vitellogenesis stage. However, SpVIH-dsRNA has no significant effect on the expression of Vg when SpVIH-dsRNA is introduced to the ovary and hepatopancreas at the early, middle, and late stages of vitellogenesis. Furthermore, the co-incubation experiment result indicated that the eyestalk consists of factor(s) that can significantly up-regulate the expression of Vg in the ovary, with a further combination of dsVIH and eyestalk under incubation, the significant increase of Vg-mRNA expression levels were also found in the ovary of four ovarian development stages of S. paramamosain. Contrary to the previous reports, SpVIH does not possess a vitellogenesis-inhibiting function but can promote vitellogenesis in the ovary and hepatopancreas.
Some Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated and Identified from Traditionally Produced Turkish White Cheese
Authors: MACİT Emine
Published: February 2023

In this study, some pathogens in the microbiota of traditionally produced White Cheese were determined by molecular methods and their phlogenetic similarities were analyzed. Eight different pathogenic species (Citrobacter braakii, Hafnia paralvei, Klebsiella grimontii, Kosakonia sacchari, Raoultella ornithinolytica, Raoultella terrigena, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia plymuthica) were detected in the White Cheese, and Klebsiella grimontii was the dominant species. No study was found in the present studies in which Klebsiella grimontii was detected in cheese or dairy products. In addition, no study was found in which Kosakonia sacchari, another pathogenic bacterium we detected, was also detected in cheese. This study has revealed some pathogenic microflora in traditionally produced White Cheese.
Utilization of Blockchain and the Roles of Banks in Indonesia in Tackling Environmental Challenges: A Qualitative Research
Authors:   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Aditira Kemal , Anggoro Yudo ,   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Published: February 2023

This dissertation investigates the readiness of the blockchain technology to be utilized in the upcoming Indonesia’s Emissions Trading Scheme, also the roles of banks and digital banks in the ETS using PESTEL analysis. The study found that Indonesia still lacks the infrastructure to implement the blockchain technology, while banks in Indonesia has huge roles in the scheme including preparing the infrastructure. With a large and growing population, Indonesia has the potential to develop the human resources necessary for blockchain development. However, finding skilled programmers remains difficult. The relationship between blockchain and the environment is also examined, with experts debating its potential benefits and drawbacks. In addition, the thesis analyzes Indonesia’s efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change, including its participation in international agreements and infrastructure improvements. Finally, the thesis considers the role of financial institutions in promoting emissions trading and the challenges they face in doing so. Overall, the thesis highlights the complex and interconnected factors that influence the adoption and development of blockchain technology in Indonesia.
Analysis of the correspondence of the structural elements of AGU 75 variety harvest with the parameters of the winter oat idiotype model
Authors: Kuzenko M. V.
Published: February 2023

Currently, one of the tasks facing breeders is the creation of new varieties in terms of their economically important characteristics, close to the developed models of the «ideal variety». The main purpose of the research is a comparative analysis of economically important indicators of a new AGU 75 variety of wintering oat of the dual direction, and the compliance with the parameters of the idiotype for further use as a genetic source. The basis for this approach was the study of the variety in the nursery of competitive variety testing in the period of 2000–2015. The studies were carried out in the soil and climatic conditions of the southern foothill zone of the North-Western Caucasus according to the generally accepted methods and agrotechnics of cultivation. As part of our research we used long-term experimental data from field observations and records, laboratory studies, and the biochemical composition of grain. The article gives an assessment of the duration of the growing season, winter hardiness, yield, resistance to lodging and major diseases (crown and stem rust, septoria, head smut) of the AGU 75 variety in relation to the idiotype. A comparative analysis of the elements of the crop structure (productive tillering, panicle length, number of spikelets, number of grains, grain weight per panicle, grain weight per plant, weight of 1000 grains) of varieties and models was carried out. The content of fat and protein, as well as the filminess of the grain of the analyzed variety and ideal type, were determined. Based on the comparative analysis of economically useful traits of AGU 75 variety, the degree of their compliance with the previously developed optimal parameters of the wintering oat model variant was revealed. The expediency of using AGU 75 variety as a source of valuable traits in breeding work to increase winter hardiness, productivity, resistance to lodging and diseases, early maturity, shattering, filminess, as well as elements of the crop structure – productive tillering, grain weight per plant was experimentally confirmed.
Role of Income Generating Activities in Empowering Rural Women of Bangladesh
Authors: T Akter , SM Nishat , FA Jolly
Published: February 2023

In Bangladesh, women in rural regions are largely responsible for agricultural production, food security, and household upkeep. This study was carried out to examine the variables affecting the income of rural women, gauge women's empowerment, and pinpointthe main issues they confront. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected through a pre-tested interview schedule from sixty women involved with income-generating activities. The multistage sampling procedure was used, and primary data were collected from Mymensingh Sadar, Muktagacha, and Bhaluka Upazila of Mymensingh district of Bangladesh from April to June 2021. Tabular analysis, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method, Women Empowerment Index (WEI), and Problem Confrontation Index (PCI) were usedfor data analysis. The result shows that family size, farm size, work experience, and availability of credit have a significant positive influence on rural women's income. The estimated value of the WEI of the respondents is 1.23 which implies that women are empowered in the study area. Their capacity for decision-making has gradually enhanced as they are involved in income-generating activities.The major concerns faced by rural women include lack of capital, training facilities, credit availability and proper education, the higher price of the input, high-interest rates, etc. However, the survey still shows that rural women's involvement in income-generating activities has improved their quality of life more than at any prior point in the past.
Disclose Tadlis Practice of Muslim Traders in Traditional Market
Authors: Syahputri Eno Fitrah , Abdullah Muhammad Wahyuddin , Haddade Abdul Wahid , Arif Widyantono
Published: February 2023

This research has purpose to disclose tadlis practices of muslim traders in traditional market. This research uses qualitative descriptive research method with phenomenological approach. Data collecting method which used is observation, interview, and documentation. Research result finds there is qualitative and quantitative c practices in Sugguminasa market. Qualitative practices is shown by mixing good’s quality, hiding defective goods, dishonesty of good’s quality as well as manipulating good’s condition to make them look fresh and new. On tadlis quantity is shown by act of decreasing scale quality so it was occurred inconsistency between price and good’s quality. Meanwhile practical implication shall be ground for government in providing with tight supervisory and taking into account accuracy as well as scale tool standard as used by trader in order to achieve scale accuracy pursuant to Indonesian National Standard (SNI).
Subtle but Pervasive; the Impact of Stakeholders Interest on Radio Programing Diversity in Kenya
Authors: Wekesa Allan , Mberia Hellen , Omoke Lilian
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Radio stations in Kenya are confronted with financial problems due to the business model still grounded on advertising. The advertiser as a major stakeholder has potential influence over any medium which seeks his patronage, through his control of the purse strings. People listen to the radio for the programmes rather than advertisements and radio advertisements are not heard in isolation, but generally appear within the context of programmes. The subtle pressures on media enterprises by advertisers lead to the assumption that decisions concerning radio programming are much more frequently taken under the influence of economic principles shaped by the advertising industry and not under the perspective of journalistic news values. The study was anchored on the political economy of the media theory

Methodology: The study adopted a mixed research design method, data was gathered through questionnaires and interviews and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Findings: The study established that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between stakeholders and radio programming diversity. The study found that through his control of the purse strings, the advertiser as a stakeholder has potential influence over radio programming decisions.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The empirical findings contribute to our understanding of the subtle influence of the advertisers on radio programming decisions due to their ability to withhold sponsorship. The study also contributes to our understanding of the question of how media organizations specifically radio are funded.
Indoor Air Quality Level at Medical Clinics, University Hospital in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Subki , Abdull Hamid Ermie , Ithnin Anuar , Mohammad Pain Izzatul Asyfah
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Patient health can be influenced by indoor air quality (IAQ) level, where the risks of IAQ pollution are proportionate with the occupant number in the clinic. This research aims to determine the level of IAQ in Medical Clinic 1 and 2 of University Hospital in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Methods: The indoor exposure to physical (temperature, relative humidity and air movement), chemical (formaldehyde, CO2, CO, TVOC and PM10) and biological (bacterial and fungal count) parameters following Industry Code of Practice (ICOP) IAQ (2010) were assessed in the morning and afternoon using relevant equipment. Data was analysed with One-Sample T Test and Independent T Test using SPSS Version 25. Results: No statistically significant mean difference (p>0.05) of IAQ parameters between both Medical Clinics (morning & afternoon) except for Rh and CO by Independent T Test analysis. In contrast, the One-Sample T Test showed there was statistically significant mean difference (p<0.01) of all parameters as compared to the ICOP (2010) standard in both Medical Clinics (morning and afternoon). There was a positive correlation of CO2, CO and formaldehyde with bacterial counts (TBC) for both Medical Clinics. Meanwhile, CH2O concentration was slightly higher in the morning due to the usage of cleaning products which may have released CH2O gas killing the bacteria, thus lower the rate of bacterial growth in the afternoon. Fungal counts showed no significant impact. Conclusion: All measured parameters were complied with the ICOP (2010) standard except air movement and CO2 in both Medical Clinics.
PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE AT YUNUS EMRE
Authors:   Akdeniz University, Filiz Şahin , Nurpeııs Lazıza ,   Sakarya University
Published: February 2023

The history of Philosophy of Language goes back to the 17th century at most. We know that there were philosophical thoughts and discussions on language in the Ancient Ages and the Middle Ages. However, the history of studies on language as a branch of philosophy is very new. However, the philosophy of language has taken its place among the other disciplines of science and philosophy, which actually existed as a field of science or philosophy in the historical process and were named later. Yunus Emre did not directly put forward the philosophy or theory of language in this respect. Moreover, it would be premature for the 14th century in which he lived to say that he built a systematic and categorical system of philosophical thought. But if there is something that is not premature, it is the language, culture, meaning and propositions in the Turkish language that Yunus Emre uses in his poems, which are directly related to the philosophy of language that we have been discussing for 300 years. We see that he establishes a word-meaning relationship based on an unnamed epistemological and ontological basis. The linguistic studies of grammar, which is the subject of the studies of linguists and men of letters, about how Yunus used Turkish with great sensitivity and mastery seem to have been completed to a large extent. At least, we can learn from such studies how Yunus’s Turkish and his ability to use Turkish are reflected in his poems. However, in these studies, the intense attention to how the power of Turkish as a language is reflected in Yunus Emre’s poems has ignored the language-meaning relationship.
Jeju Divers as Models of Modern Korean Women in Korean Media Under the Japanese Colonial Rule
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Myong Soon-ok , Lee Seohyeon ,   Jeju University
Published: February 2023

This study examines the challenging lives and roles of Jeju divers as independent modern women reflected in Korean media during the Japanese colonial era, by analyzing the articles in Maeil-shinbo, the only Korean newspaper at the time. Jeju woman divers were registered as UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2016 and have great significance as a leading model in the beginning of modern Korean women. In previous studies, Jeju divers have been treated as a unique lifestyle and cultural construct formed in the special environment of the island region. However, they pursued a pioneering and progressive life despite the double oppressive structure of the colonial rule and the feudal tradition that restrained women. They became independent economic agents by enduring extreme labor in the dangerous environment of the deep sea, and also resisted power without being silent about the exploitation and oppression of the colonists. And through the organization of voluntary decision-making bodies, they themselves protected their rights and interests in economic activities.
The Сoncept of Power in Medieval Western Theology
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Malik Galym , Sagikyzy Ayazhan ,   Institute of Philosophy, Political Science and Religious Studies
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the political and religious foundations of the origin of the phenomenon of power and belongs to the field of research of political theology. The study of the theological foundations of the phenomenon of power was carried out within the framework of a neo-institutional methodological paradigm, taking into account the data of hermeneutic analysis, which is an applied aspect of the work. The phenomenon of power is considered within the framework of a broader aspect - the ontology of the social, as part of the fundamental layer of being. The authors examined the basic ontological concepts of the phenomenon of power within the framework of the theological paradigm. In the political and philosophical theory of the Middle Ages, the concept of «power» was conveyed by four main Latin words: auctoritas, potestas, dominium and imperium, each of which illuminated one of the facets of the phenomenon of power. «Auctoritas» – authority, potestas» – power, «dominium» – possession, «imperium» – command. At the same time, the first two words – auctoritas and potestas – were, of course, key to understanding the essence of the medieval concept of power. This work reveals the specific features and mechanisms by which medieval Western European monarchies interacted with the Catholic Church, preventing open conflicts, mitigating mutual claims and even organizing cooperation between spiritual and secular authorities at the highest political level Various positions are considered on understanding the essence of political power, as well as on the origin of this phenomenon in a historical and theological way; the works of both domestic and foreign experts are studied.
Spiritual Features of Traveling in Sufism and the Importance of Traveling in Khoja Ahmed Yasawi
Authors:   International University of Tourism and Hospitality, Karatyshkanova Kymbat , Zhandarbek Zikiriya ,   Turkestan Regional Farab Library
Published: February 2023

This article indicates the place of the practice of «journey» in Sufism. The peculiarity of travel in Sufism is highlighted, which lies in the fact that the traveler’s attention is focused not only on the object of visit, but also focuses on the relevance of the process of overcoming the path itself to this object. Metaphorical (internal) and realistic (external) types of travel are distinguished. The inner journey occurs during insight, dreaming, etc. The importance of external travel is taken into account, physical movement in a certain geographical space. It is carried out for the sake of seeking knowledge, taming the nafs and strengthening the internal order, visiting holy places. The source base for this study is the «hikmets» of the founder of Central Asian Sufism Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, which often describe the essence and meaning of travel, spiritual quest and dervish.
The Political position of Ulemas of Daru-l Ulum Deoband
Authors:   Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur-Mubarak, Abdilkhakim Burkhanadin , Kurmanbayev Kairat ,   Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur-Mubarak, Mukhitdinov Rashid ,   Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur-Mubarak, Akimkhanov Askar ,   Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur-Mubarak
Published: February 2023

The article contains the political positions and experiences of the ulemas of the Daru-l Deoband school, as well as a brief history of the institution. Daru-l Deoband, founded in 1866 as a madrasan in the Indian town of Deoband, is not only an educational institution that provides religious education, but is also considered a school of thought. The establishment of Daru-l Deoband was mainly spearheaded by ulemas in India and they also established the main principles of the madrasan. The second half of the 19th century was a politically difficult period for India. It was the beginning of the national liberation struggle of the Indian people against the colonial rule of the British. In such turbulent times, Deobandi scholars could not stay out of political processes. Along with the Hindu people, Muslim scholars also took an active part in the national liberation struggle and even led some uprisings. In the first half of the 20th century, there were two different views among the Deobandi scholars regarding the future of Indian Muslims: the first group wanted the Indian state to remain independent and intact, while the second group advocated the need to create a separate state for Muslims. The first group belonged to the Ulama of India and supported Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement. And the second group created the organization of Islamic scholars. As a result, the independent state of Pakistan was established in 1948. Deobandi scholars continued to influence the politics of Pakistan through various parties. Over time, two groups were formed based on the Deobandi idea. The first is the Tablighi Jamaat, the second is the Taliban movement. The first of these was engaged in religious missionary work, while the second had political ambitions. The article analyzes the political side of the Daru-l-Ulum Deoband school and focuses on the two organizations mentioned above.
Sacred Concepts in the World Of Spirituality
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Zhuzey Myrzahmet , Mukhan Isakhan ,   Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur-Mubarak
Published: February 2023

The article examines the concept of holiness (sacredness) as a phenomenon of human culture in close connection with the history of its formation. In the process of analyzing the findings of scientists who studied the nature of the phenomenon of sacredness, the author proves that sacredness is a phenomenon that includes not only religious life, but also cultural and spiritual life in general. Therefore, in this respect, the concept of spirituality is also a concept close to the concept of sacredness. Therefore, he concludes that the idea of sacredness, like spirituality, can be considered as a universal and ahistorical universal core. The analysis of the scientific foundations of the conceptual understanding of sacred or holy values in the Kazakh worldview, originating from ancient Turkic traditions, is considered a novelty of the article.
ЖЕКЕ СОТ ОРЫНДАУШЫЛАРЫНЫҢ ИНСТИТУТЫН ҚҰРУ: ДАМУ ТАРИХЫ МЕН БОЛАШАҒЫ
Authors: М. Ш. Котиева, A. Т. Aхмaдиeвa
Published: February 2023

Бұл мақалада Қазақстан Республикасының жеке сот орындаушыларының институтын құру және енгізу мәселелері қарастырылады. Сот актілерінің тиімді орындалуы мемлекеттің құқықтық жүйесін нығайтудың және сот беделін арттырудың маңызды құрамдас бөлігі болып табылады. Қазақстанда жеке сот орындаушылар институтын енгізу идеясын Қазақстан Республикасының тұңғыш президенті Н. Ә. Назарбаев 2005 жылы Республика судъяларының 4-ші съезінде айтқан болатын. Үш жылдан астам уақыт бойы мұндай институт жұмыс істейтін елдердің тәжірибесі белсенді зерттеліп, әлемнің 60-тан астам елінің тәжірибесі жеке орындау институтының сөзсіз тиімділігін куәландырған. Автор сот актілерін орындау туралы заңнаманың кезең-кезеңімен өзгеруін қадағалайды. Сондай-ақ, жеке сот орындаушыларына сот актілерінің орындалмауына байланысты істерді алдын ала тергеу бойынша функциялар беру туралы идея да қолдау табады. Бұзылған құқықтарды құқықтық қорғау мен қалпына келтіру Қазақстанның мемлекеттік саясатында бірінші дәрежелі мәнге ие. Сот қорғаған немесе қалпына келтірген құқық өзінің нақты мазмұнын мүдделі тұлғаның талаптарын іс жүзінде қанағаттандырғаннан кейін, атап айтқанда сот шешімі орындалғаннан кейін алады. Мақалада автор сот жүйесі мен мемлекеттік билік жүйесінің жұмыс істеуі үшін соттар мен тиісті мемлекеттік органдардың шешімдерін тиісті түрде орындау қажет екенін атап өтті.
An Analysis of Cryptocurrency, Bitcoin and the Future
Authors: Mr. Shubham Kadoo  , Ms. Khushboo Sodi
Published: February 2023

A technology that was developed eight years ago is cryptocurrency, which is an encrypted, peer-to-peer network for facilitating digital barter. The first and most widely used cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, is paving the way as a disruptive technology for decades-old financial payment systems that have remained unchanged. Although cryptocurrencies are unlikely to replace conventional fiat currency, they have the potential to alter how Internet-connected global markets interact with one another, removing barriers to exchange rates and standard national currencies. The market in which a technology aims to improve is almost entirely responsible for its success. Technology advances at a rapid rate. By creating a fee-free trading system, cryptocurrencies may revolutionize digital trade markets. A SWOT analysis of Bitcoin is provided, which sheds light on some of the most recent happenings and trends that may have an impact on whether or not Bitcoin contributes to a paradigm shift in the economic system.
An Overview of Blockchain Technology: Architecture, Consensus, and Future Trends
Authors: Mr. Dattaprasad Patil  , Mrs. Vijaya Bhosale
Published: February 2023

Blockchain, which is the backbone of Bitcoin, has recently received a lot of attention. Blockchain functions as an immutable ledger that enables decentralized transactions. Numerous fields, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), reputation systems, and financial services, are being covered by blockchain-based applications. However, blockchain technology still faces numerous difficulties, such as scalability and security issues, that need to be resolved. A comprehensive overview of blockchain technology is provided in this paper. First, we compare some common consensus algorithms utilized by various blockchains and provide an overview of the architecture of blockchains. In addition, a brief list of recent advancements and technical difficulties is provided. In addition, we outline potential blockchain trends for the future.
Os meios de comunicação no Brasil e o paradigma da aceleração contemporânea: o papel das tecnologias informacionais e o surgimento das forças contra hegemônicas
Authors: Barros Bruno Mello Correa de , Barros Thiago Antônio Beuron Corrêa de
Published: February 2023

O artigo trata da problematização envolvendo o cenário da democratização dos meios de comunicação no Brasil, sobretudo a partir do processo histórico da concentração midiática no país, bem como aponta os principais entraves e interesses, proposta legislativa e atores sociais que permeiam tal âmbito. Abordam-se os dispositivos constitucionais que tratam da matéria, assim como a necessidade de um marco regulatório para as comunicações, contemplando a reivindicação da sociedade civil organizada, instituições e movimentos sociais em prol de um espaço público de comunicação plural e democrático. Deste modo, pretende-se objetivamente verificar o poder que a comunicação contra hegemônica possui na sociedade atual a partir de um paralelo traçado com base no paradigma da aceleração contemporânea e nas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, utilizando-as como ferramentas de descentralização da informação. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método de abordagem dedutivo e o método de procedimento histórico, ambos consubstanciados pela técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com base em artigos, doutrina jurídica, escritos e legislação pertinente. Verificou-se em sede de conclusão que a democratização da mídia ainda é luta a ser perseguida, tendo em vista a precária regulamentação do tema e a necessidade de marcos regulatórios que propiciem a atuação de novas fontes no cenário da comunicação, potencializando o caráter plural e democrático, todavia observou-se que as tecnologias digitais mostram-se potenciais em estruturar uma nova lógica (contra hegemônica), impulsionada pelo paradigma da aceleração contemporânea, na captação da informação e de assuntos de ampla relevância social, política, econômica, jurídica e social.
Genevra Sforza and the Bentivoglio
Authors: Bernhardt Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

Genevra Sforza (ca. 1441-1507) lived her long life near the apex of Italian Renaissance society as wife of two successive de facto rulers of Bologna: Sante Bentivoglio then Giovanni II Bentivoglio. Placed there twice without a dowry by Duke Francesco Sforza as part of a larger Milanese plan, Genevra served the Bentivoglio by fulfilling the gendered role demanded of her by society, most notably by contributing eighteen children, accepting many illegitimates born to Giovanni II, and helping arrange their futures for the success of the family at large. Based on contemporary archival research conducted across Italy, this biography presents Genevra as the object of academic study for the first time. The book also explores how Genevra’s life-story, filled with a multitude of successes appropriate for an elite fifteenth-century female, has been transformed into a farraginous body of misogynistic legends claiming she destroyed the Bentivoglio and the city of Bologna.
Genevra Sforza de’ Bentivoglio
(ca. 1441–1507) :
Authors: Bernhardt Elizabeth Louise
Published: February 2023

Contemporary documentation uncovered in numerous archives,
libraries and museums testifies that Genevra Sforza (ca. 1441–1507) lived her life
and fashioned her public identity as a traditional Italian courtly figure strongly
supporting the Bentivoglio cause in Bologna. Duke Francesco Sforza placed her
there as wife of two consecutive de facto signori, Sante then Giovanni II; and as
Bentivoglio consort, Genevra lived at the apex of society, contributing to her
family and city in positive and traditional ways. Facts about Genevra uncovered
in a wide variety of contemporary sources concur that she acted appropriately for
her gender, social condition and era, and that she was liked by contemporaries—in
contrast to legends repeated about her in Bolognese historiography for 500 years.
Genevra Sforza and Bentivoglio Family
Strategies
Authors: Bernhardt Elizabeth Louise
Published: February 2023

This chapter reveals dynastic strategies practiced by Genevra and
Giovanni II in the creation and promotion of their children whom they used
in an attempt to stabilise their position as rulers of Bologna. Genevra had two
children with Sante; but then with Giovanni II she had sixteen more in seventeen
years while he fathered a near equal number of illegitimates. All children were
carefully placed in marriage alliances or ecclesiastical positions according to
gender, rank and status—for the collective good of the family. Serving hundreds
of Bolognese, the Bentivoglio were also active godparents, further strengthening
their partisan base. This family building project in Bologna shows Genevra acting
as a small-scale contributor to larger-scale Sforza projects across the peninsula.
NHIỄM KHUẨN TIẾT NIỆU BỆNH VIÊN LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN ỐNG THÔNG BÀNG QUANG Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC TÍCH CỰC
Authors: Nguyễn Anh Tuấn , Lê Văn Hiệp
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét tình trạng nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu bệnh viện liên quan đến ống thông bàng quang tại khoa Hồi sức tích cực Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Đối tượng: 755 bệnh nhân (BN) điều trị tại khoa Hồi sức tích cực Bệnh viện Bạch Mai có đặt ống thông bàng quang từ tháng 8/2019 đến tháng 7/2020. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả tiến cứu. Các biến định lượng được trình bày theo giá trị trung bình và độ lệch chuẩn; sử dụng các test tham số cho biến phân bố chuẩn và test phi tham số cho biến phân bố không chuẩn; sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05. Các biến định tính được trình bày theo tỷ lệ phần trăm (%), sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05. Kết quả: Tỉ lệ BN có nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu bệnh viện là 5,6% với tần xuất mắc là 7,9 BN/1000 ngày đặt ống thông. Thời gian lưu ống thông bàng quang trung bình đến thời điểm chẩn đoán nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu bệnh viện là 8,4 ngày (95%CI: 6,56 – 10,22). Nấm Candida albicans là chủng hay gặp nhất (31,1%); tiếp đến là Candida tropicalis (15,8%), Ecoli (11,1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11,1%). Các chủng nấm Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis chưa phát hiện sự đề kháng với thuốc kháng nấm thông thường. Escherichia coli kháng 100% với Ceftriaxone, Levofloxacine, Cefepime. Klebsiella pneumoniae kháng hầu hết các loại kháng sinh và chỉ nhạy 60% với kháng sinh Fosformycin. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu bệnh viện cao. Cadida albicans là loại nhiễm khuẩn được phân lập nhiều nhất. Các vi khuẩn gram âm được phân lập có tính đề kháng kháng sinh cao.
TÌNH TRẠNG NHIỄM KHUẨN TIẾT NIỆU VÀ KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH KIÊN GIANG NĂM 2021
Authors: Trần Quốc Huy , Trần Thị Mộng Lành , Lý Ngọc Trâm , Lê Văn Chương , Trần Duy Thảo
Published: February 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Nhiễm khuẩn đường tiết niệu là một trong những bệnh truyền nhiễm do vi khuẩn, chiếm tỉ lệ mắc bệnh cao đáng kể trong các trường hợp nhiễm khuẩn tại bệnh viện. Việc giám sát phát hiện sớm và ngăn ngừa NKTN là rất quan trọng đối với bác sĩ lâm sàng giúp chẩn đoán và điều trị hiệu quả. Mục tiêu: Khảo sát vi khuẩn gây nhiễm trùng đường tiết niệu, xác định mức độ kháng kháng sinh của từng chủng vi khuẩn phân lập được. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang những bệnh nhân nội trú có chẩn đoán lâm sàng là nhiễm khuẩn đường tiết niệu, được chỉ định cấy nước tiểu cho kết quả dương tính (>100.000 vi khuẩn/mL) và thực hiện kháng sinh đồ. Kết quả:  E. coli có tỉ lệ cao nhất 54,5%, kế đến là K. pneumoniae 15,6%, Pseudomonas spp 9,9%, Enterococcus faecalis 6,0%. Về tỉ lệ đề kháng kháng sinh E. coli có tỉ lệ để kháng cao với Cefazolin (100%), Ampicillin (97,9%), Ciprofloxacin (91,7%). K. pneumoniae đề kháng với Ampicillin, Cefazolin khá cao (100%), Ciprofloxacin (96,4%), Ampicillin/sulbactam (92,7%), Ceftazidime (90,9%). Pseudomonas spp có tỉ lệ đề kháng với Nitrofurantoin cao (91,2%), Ceftazidime, Ciprofloxacin (88,6%), Meropenem (85,7%). Enterococcus faecalis đề kháng với Tetracycline (81,0%), Levofloxacin (71,4%) và chưa phát hiện đề kháng với Vancomycin, Nitrofurantoin, Linezolid. Staphylococcus spp tỉ lệ đề kháng kháng sinh với Ampicillin, Penicillin G (100%), Gentamicin (90%), Oxacillin (80%), Ciprofloxacin (70%), chưa phát hiện sự đề kháng đối với Nitrofurantoin, Vancomycin. Kết luận: E. coli là vi khuẩn gây nhiễm khuẩn đường tiết niệu cao nhất. Tình trạng đề kháng kháng sinh của các loại vi khuẩn ngày càng cao trong bệnh viện.
THAY ĐỔI LÂM SÀNG TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN CẮN NGƯỢC VÙNG CỬA TRONG ĐỘ TUỔI RĂNG HỖN HỢP GIAI ĐOẠN SỚM KHI ĐIỀU TRỊ BẰNG HÀM THÁO LẮP CHỨC NĂNG
Authors: Phạm Thu Trang
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá sự thay đổi trước sau điều trị trên lâm sàng sau khi điều trị cắn ngược vùng cửa trên hàm răng hỗn hợp giai đoạn sớm bằng hàm tháo lắp chức năng. Đối  tượng  và  phương  pháp  nghiên  cứu: Nghiên  cứu  được  thực  hiện  trên  30 bệnh nhân có cắn ngược vùng cửa trong độ tuổi răng hỗn hợp đến khám và điều trị bằng hàm chức năng Myobrace i3 tại bệnh viện răng hàm mặt trung ương Hà Nội, sử dụng kết quả thăm khám lâm sàng. Kết quả: Chiều cao tầng mặt dưới tăng 0,37 ± 0,37 mm, độ cắn chìa tăng -3,73 ± 1,50 mm; Thói quen xấu đẩy lưỡi đã được loại bỏ 85,7% , Phanh lưỡi bám  thấp được loại bỏ hoàn toàn  100%, vị trí lưỡi đặt thấp loại bỏ  80%. Thời gian điều trị trung bình đến khi hết ngược là 14,47 ± 1,31 tháng. Bệnh nhân tuân thủ tốt các bước điều trị. Kết luận: Các bệnh nhân có khớp cắn ngược vùng cửa trên hàm răng hỗn hợp giai đoạn sớm có vị trí lưỡi đặt thấp, hay kèm theo thói quen xấu đẩy lưỡi, chiều cao tầng mặt dưới thấp và tương quan răng 6 theo Angle chủ yếu  loại III sau đó đến loại I và không có tương quan loại II