bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Korelasi dukungan keluarga dan penyembuhan luka pasien diabetes mellitus di klinik perawatan luka
Authors: Arinimi Mayang Indah , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Hayati Wirda , Khaira Nuswatul
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) disease requires long-term treatment so some patients experience difficulty in compliance with the nursing care plan. Family support for family members who experience DM is also still very low (45,8%) in providing care. Complications in DM patients can worsen the patient's health condition and even experience amputation due to circulation problems making it difficult for wounds to heal. Objectives: To analyze the correlation between family support and wound healing in DM patients.Methods: The quantitative research approach was designed with a cross-sectional study. The sample used was non-probability sampling with an accidental technique of 34 DM patients at the Istiqamah Wound Care Clinic, Aceh Besar Regency. Family support data was collected using interviews, while wound healing data used observation. The collected data in September 2023 were analyzed using the pearson correlation coefficient test with α=0,05.Results: Almost 70,0% of patients received high emotional support from the family and 50,0% of the DM wound healing was in the wound regeneration category. The correlation coefficient test (r) revealed that emotional support (r=0,669), instrumental support (r=0,874), informational support (r=0,480), and assessment support (r=0,377). Family support has a significant positive correlation with wound healing in DM patients (p<0,05). The higher the support provided by the family during treatment, the faster the wound healing process in DM patients.Conclusion: Family support, especially instrumental support, is needed in healing wounds in DM patients, so that the health of DM patients can be achieved optimally.
Pemanfaatan buah andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) dari Dataran Tinggi Gayo dalam pembuatan krim antibakteri
Authors: Miftahurrahman Miftahurrahman , Ariz Teuku Khaiyir Raqi , Aura Dara Rizkya , Arulia Nanda , Munira Munira
Published: September 2024

Background: The andaliman fruit, scientifically known as Zanthoxylum acanthopodium is a traditional spice rich in essential oils. The fruit chemicals including alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, and saponins, providing antibacterial potential. Chemical composition is influenced by environmental factors such as light exposure, temperature fluctiotions, pH levels, altitude, and humidity. The Gayo Highlands in Aceh Province have a significant influence on the chemical composition of plant due to their altitude and typical tempteratures.Objectives: This research aims to formulate andaliman fruit extract which grows in the Gayo Highlands into an antibacterial cream preparation and test its antibacterial activity.Methods: This research is experimental by making extracts, formulating andaliman fruit extract cream (0%, 2%, 3,5%, 5%, and 6,5%). Carrying out evaluation of cream preparations includes organoleptic examination, homogeneity test, pH examination and antibacterial test. The bacterial inhibitory power was analyzed using the Anova test and followed by the Duncan test.Results: The results of the preparation evaluation show that andaliman fruit extract cream meets all the criteria as a cream preparation where the pH ranges from 5,6 – 6,8. The findings of the antibacterial test proved the significant impact of the andaliman fruit cream from the Gayo highlands in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (P= 0,000).Conclusion: Cream preparations extract of andaliman fruit, it was concluded that all formulations met the evaluation criteria for cream preparations. The substantial diameter of the inhibition zone indicates the potential of the cream as an effective antibacterial.
Literatur review : Konsumsi teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi
Authors: Azizah Mulia Fadhilatul , Rahmiwati Anita , Novrikasari Novrikasari
Published: September 2024

Background: A patient is diagnosed with hypertension if their diastolic blood pressure regularly rises to 90 mmHg or higher on multiple examinations, and their systolic blood pressure regularly rises to 140 mmHg or higher. Tea is a functional food that has quite high antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-hypertensive content.Objectives: It is necessary to find out there is a connection between drinking green tea and lowering blood pressure in people with hypertension.Methods: This research uses a Systematic Literature Review with the PRISMA method. Protocol and SLR evaluation was carried out using the PRISMA method to select the research articles used. Articles obtained from Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Keywords use English and Indonesian. Search terms in Indonesian included “green tea and blood pressure” OR “camellia sinensis and blood pressure” OR “green tea and hypertension” OR “camellia sinensis and hypertension”. Meanwhile, search terms in English include "Green Tea and blood pressure" OR "camellia sinensis and blood pressure" OR "green tea and hypertension" OR "camellia sinensis and hypertension". Based on an examination of the inclusion criteria for full text articles, open access, using quantitative methods, and publications released in 2019-2023, the final results were 7 articles used in this research.Results: It was found that consuming green tea can reduce blood pressure in people with hypertension. Regular tea consumption in hypertension sufferers can reduce systolic blood pressure by around −4,81 mmHg and reduce blood pressure by around −1,98 mmHg, with the recommendation of consuming 1-2 brews of green tea for 7 days.Conclusion: Giving green tea to people with hypertension can reduce blood pressure.
Hubungan asupan karbohidrat dan kadar glukosa darah terhadap VO2 Max pada atlet sepak bola non-elite
Authors: Putri Amirah Zulfa Hermawan , Pratama Satwika Arya , Wahjuni Endang Sri , Dini Cleonara Yanuar
Published: September 2024

Background: Football athletes require good physical fitness to improve their performance. Aerobic endurance, commonly known as VO2 Max, is one of the components of physical fitness. Several factors can affect VO2 Max, including blood glucose and carbohydrate intake.Objectives: To identify the correlation between carbohydrate intake and blood glucose level on VO2 Max in non-elite football athletes at the Universitas Negeri Surabaya Football Club.Methods: The research method was quantitative, with a correlational and cross-sectional research design, which was held in March 2023. The study subjects were 34 athletes from the Universitas Negeri Surabaya Football Club. The instruments used to collect carbohydrate intake data were the SQ-FFQ form, blood glucose data collected by the Easy Touch GCU meter, and VO2 Max data collected by the MFT test. The data analysis in this study used Pearson's Product Moment correlation and Partial Correlation test at a significance level of 95% CI.Results: There was a significant correlation of carbohydrate intake on VO2 Max (p = 0,000 and r = 0,636), and there was a significant correlation of blood glucose on VO2 Max (p = 0,000 and r = 0,670). In addition, there was a significant correlation between carbohydrate intake and VO2 Max with blood glucose as a control variable (p = 0,000 and r = 0,634).Conclusion: There was a significant correlation with a positive correlation of carbohydrate intake and blood glucose on VO2 Max in non-elite athletes of Universitas Negeri Surabaya football club. The higher the carbohydrate intake and blood glucose level, the higher the VO2 Max level.
"AKSI GERCEPS" training program to support nutritional knowledge of adolescent integrated health centre cadres in Sampang Regency
Authors: Fauziah Nuraini , Raharja Kristian Triatmaja , Vardila Putri Nindi Pramesthi , Rosanti Nadia Dian , Deya Fa'ni Renidya Asyura Muttabi' , Ferdina Cucun Setya , Pujiyani Honesty , Syakura Abdan , Mustofa Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Background: After the covid-19 pandemic, adolescent Integrated Health Centre (IHC) activities in Sampang Regency decreased drastically, both in quantity and quality. Factors related to this problem are the lack of adolescent participation, accompanied by the lack of ability of adolescent IHC cadres to perform their duties. Adolescent IHC is preventive efforts to prevent incidents of stunting.Objective: The study aimed to measure the effect of "AKSI GERCEPS" training on nutrition knowledge among adolescent IHC cadres in Sampang Regency.Methods: : Study quasi-experimental use one-group pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted in Sampang Regency in December 2023. The sample consisted of 72 people, selected using a purposive sampling method representing 12 locus villages stunting. The research variable is the effect of "AKSI GERCEPS" training on increasing the nutritional knowledge of adolescent IHC cadres. Data analysis used the T-test.  Results: Mean scores before and after training were significantly different (p=0,000). At the end of the training, the participants' average score increased to 6,58, whereas before the training  was 2,55. The knowledge of adolescent cadres who had previously received nutrition education was also significantly different from that of those who had never received nutrition education (p=0,000). After the training, cadres who had received nutrition education had an average score of 1,78 higher.Conclusion: Cadres knowledge of nutrition increased after the training. Nutrition training for adolescents needs to be carried out continuously, to be able to provide optimal service.
Pengetahuan dan tindakan orang tua tentang pertumbuhan gigi tetap dengan terjadinya gigi crowded pada anak sekolah dasar
Authors: Imran Herry , Wilis Ratna , Nasri Nasri , Niakurniawati Niakurniawati
Published: September 2024

Background: Crowded teeth are a condition where the teeth are crowded together in the oral cavity because the jaw is small so it does not accommodate enough teeth. Based on the initial examination carried out by researchers at SDN Gue Gajah, 20 students consisting of class I to class IV, 18 of them had grown teeth while the other 2 had normal tooth structure and based on the results of interviews with 10 parents, 6 of them did not observe any loose teeth in children.Objective: The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between parents' knowledge and actions regarding the growth of permanent teeth and the occurrence of crowded teeth.Method: This research method is analytical, the research was carried out at SDN Gue Gajah, Darul Imarah District, Aceh Besar from 09 to 15 July 2022. The sample was 83 students, parents and mothers as respondents. Data collection was carried out by interviews and direct dental examinations of respondents.Results: The results of the study showed that crowded teeth were most dominant in mothers with poor knowledge and actions, namely 56%, with P value = 0,006 with α (0,05).Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge and actions of parents/mothers regarding tooth growth and the occurrence of crowded teeth in students at SDN Gue Gajah, Darul Imarah District, Aceh Besar in 2022.
Hernia hiatal aguda complicada luego de gastrectomía total
Authors: Álvarez-Jurado María Gracia , Monrabal-Lezama Manuela , Herbella Fernando , Patti Marco G. , Schlottmann Francisco
Published: September 2024

Introducción. La cirugía sigue siendo el pilar del tratamiento para la mayoría de los tumores de la unión esofagogástrica (UEG). Después de la resección quirúrgica de los tumores de la UEG, la anatomía del hiato esofágico se altera severamente, aumentando el riesgo de hernia hiatal (HH) postoperatoria. Mientras que la HH se informa con mayor frecuencia después de la esofagectomía, la HH es una complicación rara después de una gastrectomía total laparoscópica y ocurre en solo aproximadamente 0,5 % de los pacientes.
Caso clínico. Se realizó una gastrectomía total laparoscópica con linfadenectomía D2 en un paciente con un tumor en la UEG. No presentó complicaciones intraoperatorias y cursó su postoperatorio sin incidentes. Dos meses luego de la operación, fue admitido en la sala de emergencias debido a dolor abdominal y torácico difuso, vómitos y hematemesis. La tomografía computarizada de tórax y abdomen mostró herniación de asas intestinales en el hemitórax derecho.
Resultados. Debido a la inestabilidad hemodinámica, se realizó una laparotomía de emergencia y se reparó la hernia hiatal con malla. El paciente fue dado de alta después de 10 días.
Conclusiones. La presentación clínica suele ser inespecífica y justifica un alto nivel de sospecha. Se recomienda la reparación quirúrgica electiva para HH grandes y/o sintomáticas. La reparación de emergencia puede ser necesaria para HH complicadas con encarcelamiento, estrangulación o perforación intestinal. Generalmente, una HH encarcelada después de la gastrectomía total laparoscópica es infrecuente, pero debe considerarse en pacientes con dolor abdominal o vómitos durante el curso postoperatorio. Un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos son críticos para obtener resultados favorables.
Çocuk Edebiyatında Veganlık ve Vejetaryenliğe İlişkin Uzman ve Öğretmen Algılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Yeğin Feyza Yağmur , Öztürk Hüseyin , Turan Lokman
Published: September 2024

Çocuk edebiyatında veganlık ve vejetaryenliğin işleniş biçimleriyle ilgili uzman ve öğretmen görüşlerini almak amacıyla gerçekleştirilen bu araştırma, nitel desenlerden olgubilim ile tasarlanmıştır. Dokuzu çocuk ve gençlik edebiyatı uzmanı, 30’u öğretmen olmak üzere toplam 39 katılımcının görüşleri, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerle alınıp kaydedilmiş ve içerik analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Uzman ve öğretmenlerin büyük çoğunluğu; çocuk ve gençlik edebiyatında veganlık ve vejetaryenlik konusu işlenirken propagandacı bir yaklaşımdan, okurda suçluluk duygusu uyandırmaya çalışan aşırı duygusallıktan, ayrıştırıcı şiddet dilinden, çocuklara kaldıramayacakları psikolojik yükler yüklemekten uzak durulması gerektiğini düşünmektedir. Katılımcılara göre veganlık ve vejetaryenliği tanıtan böyle bir yaşam tarzının varlığından haberdar eden eserlerin olması doğal ve gereklidir. Katılımcılar arası uzlaşının en az olduğu başlık ise veganlık/vejetaryenlik konulu eserlerin ilkin hangi yaş grubundaki çocuklara okunabileceği ile ilgidir. Çalışmanın bulguları alan yazını verilerinden hareketle tartışılarak birtakım öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
NANOEMULSIONS BASED ON LINSEED OIL CONTAINING ENCAPSULATED ETHYL BUTYLACETYLAMINOPROPIONATE FOR REPELLENT APPLICATION
Authors: Moreira Rebouças Louhana , Melo Thiago Moreira , Silva Maria Socorrro Pinheiro , Santos Emília Maria Alves , Ricardo Nágila M. P. S.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Mosquito-borne diseases are a global problem that causes deaths every year. Using synthetic repellents as a form of protection against diseases caused by mosquitoes can pose a risk to both the environment and human health due to their toxicity and low biodegradability. The present work aims to develop nanoemulsion formulations for the co-encapsulation of clove essential oil and ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate (IR3535®).
Methods: The formulations were prepared by the high energy method, thermodynamic stability tests of the nanoemulsions were carried out, the most stable formulation was characterized in terms of diameter, zeta potential, polydispersity index, encapsulation efficiency, morphology and rheology.
Results: The most stable nanoemulsion had a diameter of 188 ± 2 nm, -39 ± 1 mV zeta potential and 0.118–1.120 polydispersity index. The encapsulation efficiency was 61.33 ± 0.84%. In terms of morphology, the nanodroplets were spherical and without aggregates, typical of stable nanoemulsions. The rheological study identified the formulation as a pseudoplastic non-Newtonian fluid.
Conclusion: Therefore, the nanoemulsion containing clove essential oil and ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate was successfully obtained with stability characteristics, being promising as a topical nanorepellent with smaller amounts of synthetic active ingredient.
Risk Factors and Management for the Recurrent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review
Authors: Pei Jiahe , Wang Huan , Liu Jiajin , Han Xiao , Song Zhiying
Published: September 2024

Objectives: Recurrent gestational diabetes mellitus (RGDM) is a frequently encountered condition marked by a prior occurrence of one or more episodes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). After delivery, there is a period of normal blood glucose levels, followed by the reappearance of abnormal glucose metabolism in a subsequent pregnancy. Emerging evidence suggests that factors such as a history of GDM, advanced maternal age, delivery of macrosomia, as well as alterations in dietary and lifestyle choices, can significantly increase the risk of recurrence of GDM in subsequent pregnancies. In fact, recurrence rates have been reported to reach as high as 84%. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the risk factors and management strategies for RGDM in pregnant women. Mechanism: In order to investigate the evidence for RGDM, a comprehensive computerized literature search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to 1 January 2024. The search aimed to identify relevant studies focusing on the clinical risk factors associated with RGDM, including maternal age, weight, body mass index (BMI), history of GDM, and other indicators. The findings of this search provide a detailed summary of these observed risk factors. Findings in Brief: Age, BMI, and weight gain during pregnancy, the interval between pregnancies, previous history of GDM, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, history of macrosomia, insulin levels, dietary patterns, lifestyle changes, and breastfeeding, all have an impact on the recurrence rates of GDM. It is crucial to investigate these risk factors, whether GDM recurs or not, in order to improve the prevention and management of GDM. Conclusions: A number of common factors influence the recurrence rate of GDM, including age, BMI, inter-pregnancy weight gain, and a previous history of GDM. Thorough examination of a substantial body of research has provided insights into these factors. The implementation of preventative and therapeutic strategies for recurrent GDM relies on attention to risk factors and glycemic status. Additionally, this study provides a concise overview of RGDM.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Abnormal Gestational Weight Gain and Construction of Risk Prediction Models
Authors: Chen Xiaoqin , Lan Liubing , Zhong Qiuping , He Yanhong , Zeng Mei , Hu Yonghe , Lai Fengdan
Published: September 2024

Background: Herein, we aimed to investigate the factors influencing abnormal gestational weight gain (GWG) during pregnancy and to develop a risk model for predicting deviations in GWG among pregnant women. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 1200 pregnant women from May 2018 to May 2020, according to the standards recommended by the American Academy of Medicine in 2009. The pregnant women were divided into three groups: 186 cases in the weight gain below the recommended GWG (low GWG) group, 433 cases in the normal GWG group, and 581 cases in the weight gain above the recommended GWG (high GWG) group. Additionally, clinical data of 515 pregnant women who established perinatal records at our hospital and underwent regular antenatal examinations and deliveries from May 2020 to May 2022 were collected to serve as the validation group for external verification of the model. Single-factor and multi-factor logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors influencing weight gain below or above the recommended GWG in pregnant women and to construct a risk model for predicting deviations in weight gain. The calibration curves and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the performance of the risk prediction model. Results: Being underweight before pregnancy was identified as an independent risk factor for low GWG (p < 0.05), while primiparity and pregnancy occurring in spring and summer were found to be protective factors (p < 0.05). Obesity before pregnancy, a history of fetal macrosomia, and pregnancy occurring in spring and summer were identified as independent risk factors for high GWG (p < 0.05), whereas regular exercise during pregnancy was a protective factor (p < 0.05). The slope of the calibration curve for predicting weight gain deviations closely approached 1, with Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test values of Chi-square (χ2) = 8.388, 7.295, p = 0.397, 0.505; and AUCs of 0.753 and 0.761, respectively. External validation results indicated that the predicted probabilities closely matched the actual probabilities, demonstrating good consistency, with AUCs of 0.747 and 0.877, respectively. Conclusions: The risk prediction model constructed in this study, incorporating pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the season of pregnancy, plays a crucial role in individually predicting weight gain deviations during pregnancy. This model is instrumental for the personalized management of body mass in pregnant women.
Exploring Gynecologists/Obstetricians and General Practitioners’ Perspectives on Sexual Health Management among Obstetric Patients: Insights from a National Portuguese Survey
Authors: Hundarova Kristina , Sousa Raquel , Laranjeiro Bárbara , Bombas Teresa , Carvalho Maria João , Franco Sofia
Published: September 2024

Background: Sexual health (SH) remains a marginalized topic in medical education, posing a challenge to healthcare professionals in providing adequate sexual care. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, clinical experience, training experiences and needs of doctors working in Gynecology/Obstetrics (G/O) and General Practice (GP) regarding sexuality during pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023, inviting Portuguese physicians (G/O and GP) to complete an online questionnaire. Results: Of 366 physicians (50.8% GP; 49.2% G/O) surveyed, the majority were female (85.5%), aged between 24 and 35 years (57.9%) and specialists (56.8%). Nearly all respondents (99.2%) recognized the importance of SH during pregnancy, with 86.6% agreeing that inquiring about sexuality is essential, given that 99.2% believe that pregnancy affects SH. However, despite 66.9% of physicians acknowledging that pregnant value sexuality, 55.2% reported that fewer than 10% pose questions, and only 27.6% of doctors inquire about sexuality. Although 85.0% of the respondents felt completely or partially comfortable discussing sexuality, only 24.6% considered themselves skilled to provide SH counselling, with less than a fifth feeling capable of treating specific sexual dysfunctions. The main difficulties were time constraints (75.7%) and lack of training (70.2%), particularly evident in the GP group. More than a quarter of GP responders and 11% of G/O physicians admitted the lack of education or training in this area. Nearly all responders expressed interest in improving their knowledge, with residency training being the most preferred option. Conclusions: Portuguese physicians recognize the importance of sexuality during pregnancy, but only a minority routinely inquire about it during appointments, referring lack of time and training as the major barriers. The study highlights significant deficiencies in Portuguese GP and G/O practitioners concerning sexual health, emphasizing the urgent need for further training in this area.
Evaluation of Fasting Bile Acid Levels in Pregnant Women Diagnosed with Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Authors: Kucukyurt Ayca Kubat , Cetin Arzu , Tanrikulu Cansel , Basat Dilara
Published: September 2024

Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum is a common cause of nausea and vomiting during the early gestational week. At the same time, it can also lead to an increase in liver enzyme values in patients due to or independently of underlying liver disease. This study aimed to evaluate fasting bile acid (FBA) levels, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total and direct bilirubin, and urine ketone levels in pregnant women diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Additionally, the study sought to investigate the relationship between HG and FBA levels. The diagnosis of HG remains primarily clinical, and identifying markers for disease severity is crucial. Methods: This retrospective cohort study obtained blood samples from 50 women diagnosed with HG and 25 healthy pregnant women. Serum levels of AST, ALT, total bilirubin (TBS), direct bilirubin, urine ketones, and FBA were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 28.0. Results: FBA levels were significantly higher in pregnant women diagnosed with HG compared to the healthy control group. Additionally, FBA levels increased simultaneously with ketonuria in the patient group. Our findings suggest that FBA levels can serve as a biomarker for diagnosing HG and indicating early-stage liver damage. Unlike previous studies, our research focused on the relationship between FBA levels and HG, providing valuable insights for future studies. Conclusions: FBA levels show promise as an objective biomarker for diagnosing HG and indicating early-stage liver damage. Further research with larger cohorts is necessary to validate these findings.
Role of IL-6 in Physiology and Pathology of the Ovary
Authors: Tan Bingyao , Wang Jing
Published: September 2024

Objective: We aimed to explore the roles of interleukin (IL)-6 in ovarian physiology and pathology. Mechanism: IL-6 is a common and important cytokine in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Findings in Brief: In the ovary, IL-6 is secreted by granulosa cells, and involved in many crucial physiological functions, including normal ovulation and menstrual cycle, hormone secretion, egg cell maturation, and even in the fertilization process of egg cells. The abnormal secretion of IL-6 is associated with premature ovarian failure, polycystic ovary syndrome and ovarian cancer. Conclusions: This review will summarize existing clues and explore the key roles of IL-6 in ovarian physiology and pathology, which will provide new targets for the treatment of common ovarian diseases.
Effects of Three Exercise Interventions on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes in Chinese Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zeng Yingchun , Meng Xiaohui , Wen Meiling , Qin Yin , Wang Xiaorong , Dai Xia , Huang Qiuhong
Published: September 2024

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder occurring during pregnancy. It affects 14.8% of pregnancies among Chinese women. Exercise can reduce insulin resistance and thus decrease the occurrence of adverse outcomes for women with GDM. This study aimed to examine the effects of three modes of exercise intervention on glycemic control, various pregnancy outcomes (including reduced incidence of preterm birth, gestational hypertension, and postpartum hemorrhage), and neonatal outcomes (such as lower birth weight and reduced incidence of neonatal complications like macrosomia and respiratory distress syndrome). Additionally, the study aim to identity the most effective exercise patterns for women with GDM. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted to examine the effect of three exercise interventions — aerobic exercise (AE), resistance training (RT), and a combination of both (AE+RT) — on women with GDM. The primary outcomes measured were fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2h-PBG), and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The secondary outcomes included maternal pregnancy outcomes and neonatal birth outcomes. Results: A total of 184 participants were included in this study, with 145 completing all follow-up assessments. Time exhibit a statistically significant effect on FBG (p < 0.001), whereas the different intervention methods did not present a significant effect on FBG (p = 0.32). Furthermore, time exhibited a statistically significant effect on 2h-PBG (p < 0.001). Following the interventions, all exercise groups exhibited significantly lower 2h-PBG levels compared to the control group (all p values < 0.05). The three exercise interventions demonstrated significantly different effects on improving the maternal outcome of postpartum hemorrhage (p = 0.01). The combined AE+RT group exhibited the lowest volume of postpartum hemorrhage (254.09, standard deviation (SD) = 103.57). Regarding neonatal outcomes, the macrosomia outcome has statistically significant differences (p = 0.04), and other outcomes found no significant differences between the three exercise intervention groups and the control group (all p values ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: The combined AE+RT intervention demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing 2h-PBG, HbA1c levels, as well as postpartum bleeding, compared to the control group. Furthermore, a combination of AE+RT demonstrated greater efficacy in reducing 2h-PBG and HbA1c compared to single exercise groups. Therefore, combining AE+RT may be a more effective exercise regimen for managing of GDM in pregnant women. Clinical Trial Registration: The study has been registered on https://www.isrctn.com/ (registration number: ISRCTN40260907).
Comprehensive Analysis of Crucial m6A-Related Differentially Expressed Genes in Psoriasis
Authors: Gan Lu , Wu Xuejingzi , Song Jiquan
Published: September 2024

Background: Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and multifactorial inflammatory cutaneous disorder that involves genetic and epigenetic factors. N6-methyladenosine methylation (m6A) is the most prevalent RNA modification implicated in various diseases; however, its role in psoriasis still needs to be further explored. We aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the effects of m6A in psoriasis pathogenesis, prompting new therapeutic targets. Methods: Three psoriasis-related datasets, including GSE155702, GSE109248, and GSE142582, were collected. Differentially m6A methylated genes (DMGs) between psoriasis lesions of psoriasis patients and healthy skin controls were identified from the GSE155702 dataset, and corresponding Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the common DEGs between the two groups were screened from the GSE109248 and GSE142582 datasets; the expression and interactions of the m6A regulators were analyzed. The m6A levels of total RNAs and the protein expression levels of METTL3, WTAP, ALKBH5, FTO, and METTL14 in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasiform lesions were evaluated. Results: 66 significantly upregulated and 381 significantly downregulated m6A peaks were identified, corresponding to 414 genes which were particularly associated with cell and tissue development processes and cell cycle related items. 271 common DEGs were identified, associating with keratinocyte differentiation, epidermis development, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and fatty acid metabolic processes. 15 crucial m6A related differentially expressed genes were obtained after the intersection of the DMGs and common DEGs, including NEU2, GALNT6, MTCL1, DOC2B, CAMK2N1, SNTB1, RNF150, CGNL1, CCDC102A, MEOX2, EEF2K, OBSCN, SLC46A2, CCDC85A, and DACH1. In addition, we found that m6A methylation and these five m6A regulators were both upregulated in psoriatic lesions. Conclusions: It revealed that psoriasis pathophysiological processes encompass m6A epigenetic alterations, and that m6A alterations may specifically influence cell proliferation and neural regulation, and closely associated with osteoarticular involvement and metabolic syndrome in psoriasis.
Antinutrients in Halophyte-Based Crops
Authors: Ullah Asad , Bano Asghari , Khan Naeem
Published: September 2024

The cultivation of halophytes is an alternative approach to sustain agricultural productivity under changing climate. They are densely equipped with a diverse group of metabolites that serve multiple functions, such as providing tolerance to plants against extreme conditions, being used as a food source by humans and ruminants and containing bioactive compounds of medicinal importance. However, some metabolites, when synthesized in greater concentration above their threshold level, are considered antinutrients. Widely reported antinutrients include terpenes, saponins, phytate, alkaloids, cyanides, tannins, lectins, protease inhibitors, calcium oxalate, etc. They reduce the body's ability to absorb essential nutrients from the diet and also cause serious health problems. This review focuses on antinutrients found both in wild and edible halophytes and their beneficial as well as adverse effects on human health. Efforts were made to highlight such antinutrients with scientific evidence and describe some processing methods that might help in reducing antinutrients while using halophytes as a food crop in future biosaline agriculture.
Functions of Coenzyme A and Acyl-CoA in Post-Translational Modification and Human Disease
Authors: Xie Jumin , Yu Zhang , Zhu Ying , Zheng Mei , Zhu Yanfang
Published: September 2024

Coenzyme A (CoA) is synthesized from pantothenate, L-cysteine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and plays a vital role in diverse physiological processes. Protein acylation is a common post-translational modification (PTM) that modifies protein structure, function and interactions. It occurs via the transfer of acyl groups from acyl-CoAs to various amino acids by acyltransferase. The characteristics and effects of acylation vary according to the origin, structure, and location of the acyl group. Acetyl-CoA, formyl-CoA, lactoyl-CoA, and malonyl-CoA are typical acyl group donors. The major acyl donor, acyl-CoA, enables modifications that impart distinct biological functions to both histone and non-histone proteins. These modifications are crucial for regulating gene expression, organizing chromatin, managing metabolism, and modulating the immune response. Moreover, CoA and acyl-CoA play significant roles in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and other health conditions. The goal of this review was to systematically describe the types of commonly utilized acyl-CoAs, their functions in protein PTM, and their roles in the progression of human diseases.
ACE2 Alleviates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Protects against Pyroptosis by Regulating Ang1-7/Mas in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
Authors: Lin Xingsheng , Zhuang Yingfeng , Gao Fengying
Published: September 2024

Background: Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is a consequence of inflammation and increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability due to alveolar hyperdistention or elevated intrapulmonary pressure, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the study was to analyze the mechanism by which angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and protects alveolar cells from pyroptosis in VILI by regulating angiotensin (Ang)1-7/Mas. Methods: VILI was induced in mice by mechanical ventilation by regulating the tidal volume. The alveolar cell line, A549, mimics VILI in vitro by cyclic stretch (CS). Ang (1-7) (100 nmol/L) was added to the medium. ERS was induced in cells by stimulating with tunicamycin (TM, 2 μg/mL). ERS was inhibited by tracheal instillation of 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) (1 mg/kg). ACE2's enzymatic function was activated or inhibited by subcutaneous injection of resorcinolnaphthalein (RES, 20 μg/kg) or MLN-4760 (20 μg/kg). pGLV-EF1a-GFP-ACE2 was instilled into the trachea to increase the protein expression of ACE2. The Ang (1-7) receptor, Mas, was antagonized by injecting A779 subcutaneously (80 μg/kg). Results: ACE2 protein levels decreased after modeling. Ang (1-7) level was decreased and Ang II was accumulated. ERS was significantly induced in VILI mice, and pyroptosis was observed in cells. When ERS was inhibited, pyroptosis under the VILI condition was significantly inhibited. Ang (1-7) alleviated ERS and pyroptosis under CS. When ERS was continuously activated, the function of Ang (1-7) in inhibiting pyroptosis was blocked. Resorcinolnaphthalein (RES) effectively promoted Ang II conversion, alleviated the Ang (1-7) level in VILI, ameliorated lung injury, and inhibited ERS and cell pyroptosis. Inhibiting ACE2's function in VILI hindered the production of Ang (1-7), promoted the accumulation of Ang II, and exacerbated ERS and pyroptosis, along with lung injury. The Mas antagonist significantly blocked the inhibitory effects of ACE2 on ERS and pyroptosis in VILI. Conclusions: Reduced ACE2 expression in VILI is involved in ERS and pyroptosis-related injury. ACE2 can alleviate ERS in alveolar cells by catalyzing the production of Ang (1-7), thus inhibiting pyroptosis in VILI.
Alzheimer's Disease and Effects of ABCA7 Polymorphisms: A Review
Authors: Gialama Vaia , Siokas Vasileios , Liampas Ioannis , Tsouris Zisis , Stamati Polyxeni , Aslanidou Paraskevi , Provatas Antonios , Tsimourtou Vana , Xiromerisiou Georgia , Bogdanos Dimitrios P , Dardiotis Efthimios
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and the main cause of dementia. Its etiology remains largely unclear, though genetic and environmental factors appear to confer susceptibility to AD development. This study assessed the role of ATP-binding Cassette A Subfamily 7 (ABCA7) genetic polymorphisms, as ongoing research suggests they have a role in the development of AD. We conducted a PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus search to identify and assess all AD studies examining ABCA7 variants in different populations and ethnicities. The last search was conducted on February 8, 2023. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and only the studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Seventeen studies were finally included. According to the results, ABCA7 variants infer different risks for AD among populations with different ancestries. African American populations show a higher risk for AD, carrying the five novel variants rs115550680, rs142076058, rs10405305, rs3764647, and rs567222111. Asian populations also have an increased risk for AD, harboring three variants. ABCA7 genetic variability contributes to AD development and shows racial disparities. African American and Asian populations seem to be at greater risk of developing AD. These results may assist future research efforts for the early and accurate diagnosis of AD. Moreover, further exploration of the mechanisms of ABCA7 in the context of AD could identify potential therapeutic targets.
Cellulite reduction by Varipads® compression technology is superior to compression alone, improves quality of life, and reduces local lymph in tissues – results of a ‘split-side’ comparison trial.
Authors: Poulsen Ashleigh , Duro Sarah S , Whiteley Mark Steven
Published: September 2024

Aims: Cellulite affects most adult women and has a cosmetic and psychological impact. Previous work has shown compression garments with Varipads® significantly improves the appearance of cellulite. However, that trial did not distinguish between the effect solely due to compression and that due to Varipads®. The aim of this trial was to identify any additional benefit due to Varipads® over and above compression alone.Methods: 62 biological women (mean 48 years – range 19–67) with cellulite were recruited. We specifically recruited in the following sizes: 10 small (UK Dress 8-10), 20 medium (UK Dress 12-14), 20 large (UK Dress 16-18), and 10 extra-large (UK Dress 20 – 22). Compression garments covered from waist to mid-thigh, with Varipads® on the left and plain compression on the right. Garments were worn for 8 hours in each 24, daily, for 6 months. Primary endpoint – subjects reporting a difference between the sides and asking for a garment with Varipads® bilaterally. Secondary endpoints were changes in quality of life (QoL) (Celluqol®) and transdermal water content (TDWC) (Lymphscanner®).Results: 42 (68%) subjects completed the 6-months trial. 32 of 42 (76%) saw a difference between the sides within the 6 months of the trial. Of these 23 (72%) saw the difference within 3 months, and 9 (28%) between 3 and 6 months. Overall, there was a significant improvement of QoL and reduction in TDWC. Subjectively, the most common comment was that the skin on the Varipads® side felt smoother and more toned.Conclusion: The addition of Varipads® to a compression garment that covers the buttocks and upper thighs, improves the appearance of cellulite in 76% of subjects compared to compression alone. Furthermore, compression with Varipads® both significantly improves QoL and reduces TDWC. This suggests that compression with Varipads® reduces the appearance of cellulite by stimulating local lymphatic return from the superficial tissues.
Nurturing Scientific Innovation: A Call to Reviewers and Editors
Authors: Press Clare , Love Bradley C.
Published: September 2024

Recent concern has been raised over the lack of true innovation in our science (Chu & Evans, 2021; Press et al., 2022), deemed partly due to the difficulty with publishing it (Fortunato et al., 2018). How can we shift our scientific culture to ensure that the publication system welcomes innovative research and increases its uptake in the scientific community?
How depositional environments impact the microwear preservation of quartz artifacts: insights from the Oldowan of the Shungura Formation (Ethiopia)
Authors: Galland Aline , Clemente-Conte Ignacio , Boisserie Jean-Renaud , Delagnes Anne
Published: September 2024

The function of Oldowan tools is a key aspect of early hominin subsistence in eastern Africa. The rarity of the sites, the preservation of the assemblages and raw materials are limiting factors in the functional study of Early Pleistocene assemblages. The archaeological occurrences from Member F of the Shungura Formation (Ethiopia) have a precise chronostratigraphic framework (2.324 ± 0.020 Ma to 2.271 ± 0.041 Ma), a detailed reconstruction of depositional environments, and artifacts produced mainly from small quartz pebbles that are highly resistant to chemical and mechanical alterations. The studied archaeological material comprises artifacts from 12 occurrences and three environmental contexts (floodplain, point bar, and channel lag). As a baseline for distinguishing taphonomic damage from use-wear, and for assessing the preservation of use-wear in the archaeological record, we characterized macroscopic and microscopic surface alterations resulting from fluvial transport and aeolian abrasion experiments. Despite the good preservation of the lithic assemblages at a macroscopic scale, variations were observed at a microscopic level corresponding to the depositional environment. Understanding the link between taphonomic alterations on quartz and the type of deposits leads to better recognition and interpretation of potential use-wear on these ancient artifacts.
Stressful Life Events, Sleep, Mood, and Depression in Mothers and Fathers During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period
Authors: Nobakht Habib Niyaraq , Leshchinskaia Svetlana B. , Gregory Alice M. , Bokhan Tatiana G. , Terekhina Olga V. , Kovas Yulia
Published: September 2024

Objective: The birth of a baby is a time of great change. Changes in parents’ mood and sleep are considerably higher during pregnancy and after the birth of the child, which can put a strain on the health of parents and infants. This study aimed to examine the associations between Stressful Life Events (SLEs), sleep and mood in mothers and additionally in fathers, who are understudied.Methods: Data came from 341 families enrolled in the Prospective Longitudinal Interdisciplinary Study of Child Development (PLIS). Associations between parents’ SLEs and sleep characteristics during pregnancy, their mood during pregnancy and their depression at month 9 postpartum were investigated using correlational and mediation analyses.Results: Mothers’ (n = 328) SLEs in the 12 months preceding the first trimester of pregnancy were associated with: several measures of sleep disturbances during the first trimester; mood during the third trimester; and depression during the postpartum period. These associations were not significant in fathers (n = 318). Mothers’ sleep characteristics mediated the relationship between their SLEs and depressed mood. Most associations were weak to moderate.Conclusion: Pregnant women’s stressful experiences in the 12 months preceding the first trimester of pregnancy are risk factors for concurrent and later mood disturbances. This link is mediated by sleep disturbances. Appropriate sleep hygiene and sleep-improving interventions may help reduce mood disturbances during pregnancy and postpartum period. KEYWORDS: Stressful Life Events; Sleep; Mood; Depression; Postpartum Depression.
Characteristics, predictors and outcomes of religious deconversion: A cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis
Authors: Streib Heinz
Published: September 2024

This study investigates characteristics, predictors and outcomes of religious deconversion on a wide range of variables. The analytic sample for this study comprises n = 4451 respondents, including a longitudinal sample of n = 502, from two decades of mixed-method research on faith development, religious change, and deconversion in Germany and the US. The analytic strategy for the longitudinal sample adopts an exposure- and outcome-wide longitudinal design to examine cross-time associations of self-reported religious deconversion (‘deconverted from the religion growing up’ vs. ‘stayed with the religion growing up’) with a range of less studied predictors and outcomes, assessed on average eight years before and eight years after the report of deconversion. Measures include, but are not limited to religious schemata, religious centrality, fundamentalism, pluralism, God representation, mystical experiences, psychological well-being, personality traits, generativity, need for cognition, and intellectual humility. Results include the strong predicting effect of low scores on both truth of texts and teachings and self-rating as religious, and generally document lower scores on all dimensions of religiosity before, during and following deconversion; indications of a religious residue effect appear to be overturned by secularization trajectories toward religious irrelevance. Unique in our data, results indicate high openness to experience, low extraversion and low positive relations with others as predictors, while high need for cognition and low extraversion emerged as outcomes of deconversion. Finally, this study allowed the reexamination and general confirmation of the criteria for deconversion that were proposed in 2004 by Streib and Keller.
Development and validation of a predictive score for personnel turnover: a data-driven analysis of employee survey responses
Authors: Nikunlaakso Risto , Airaksinen Jaakko M. , Pekkarinen Laura , Aalto Ville , Toivio Pauliina , Kivimäki Mika , Laitinen Jaana , Ervasti Jenni
Published: September 2024

Employee turnover is a challenge for public sector employers. In this study, we used machine learning to develop and validate models to predict actualized turnover of Finnish public sector workers. The development cohort data (N=52 291) included 158 variables from 2018. We defined overall turnover (regardless of reason) and net turnover (excluding workers in retirement age) through eligibility to a follow-up survey in 2020. The validation cohort included 9030 hospital workers who responded to survey in 2017, with turnover assessed in 2019. Area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.74-0.76) for overall turnover and 0.75 (95% CI 0.73-0.76) for net turnover. The validation yielded similar AUC values. Key predictors of turnover were younger age, shorter job tenure, and turnover intentions totaling over 70% of the net gain. Work-related exposures, of which low threat of lay-off and satisfaction with challenges at work were most important, had considerably lower predictive power (about 1% each). These results may offer insights for public sector employers in their efforts to reduce employee turnover.
Macroeconomics: A Critique of Textbook Version
Authors: Thimmaiah G.
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
The Life and Death of Government Pension Plans
Authors: Deutsch Antal
Published: September 2024

Not Available.