bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de trigo para a expressão de aminoácidos em seus grãos
Authors: Segatto Thalia Aparecida , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Kehl Kassiana , Hoffmann Jéssica Fernanda , Meotti Matheus Guilherme Libardoni , Port Eduarda Donadel , Loro Murilo Vieira , Sfalcin Inaê Carolina , Pradebon Leonardo Cesar , Ourique Rafael Soares
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar genótipos de trigo com base na adaptabilidade e estabilidade da expressão de aminoácidos em seus grãos. Nosso experimento foi conduzido durante a safra 2019 em cinco ambientes no estado do RioGrande do Sul (RS). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso organizados em esquema fatorial com cinco genótipos de trigo cultivados em cinco ambientes, com três repetições por ambiente. O genótipo BRS Parrudo potencializa aexpressão de aminoácidos em seus grãos quando cultivado em Cachoeira do Sul-RS. Pela metodologia BLUP, também expressa melhor todos os aminoácidos avaliados em seus grãos. A pesquisa pode identificar e posicionar genótipos de trigo para obter maior concentração de aminoácidos em seus grãos. Os aminoácidos aspartato, prolina e triptofano apresentam as maiores herdabilidades no sentido amplo, favorecendo a seleção de genótipos para aumentar essas características.
Variabilidade da maturação de maçãs na copa de macieira ‘Gala’ nas condições do sul do Brasil
Authors: Argenta Luiz Carlos , Bartinick Vinícius Adão
Published: January 2023

Esse estudo foi realizado para analisar a variabilidade da maturação de maçãs dentro da copa de macieiras pela análise do desvio-padrão da firmeza de polpa e do índice de amido. Três pomares experimentais foram estabelecidos em três regiões no sul do Brasil. Em cada experimento (região), foram plantadas macieiras de seis cultivares variantes de ´Gala´(tratamentos) sobre os porta-enxertos M.9 ou Marubakaido com filtro M.9. Todos os frutos de uma planta por repetição foram colhidos no mesmo dia – no período de colheita comercial – para todos os tratamentos, em cada região, em dois anos. A firmeza da polpa e o índice de amido foram determinados para cada fruto e o desvio-padrão desses índices de maturação foi determinado para cada planta (repetição). A variabilidade da maturação das maçãs intracopa foi a mesma para os seis cultivares variantes de ‘Gala’. O desvio-padrão foi 3,2, 2,2 e 2,1lb para firmeza da polpa e 2,5, 2,1 e 2,3 para o índice de amido (escala 1 a 9) nas regiões de Caçador, São Joaquim e Vacaria, respectivamente. Os desvios padrões da firmeza da polpa e do índice de amido não variaram entre porta-enxertos ou foi maior nas macieiras sobre porta-enxerto sem vigoroso, dependendo da  região de crescimento das macieiras. A alta variabilidade da maturação entre frutos intracopa mostra a importância da colheita escalonada (repasses de colheita) em cada planta, mesmo para os novos cultivares cujos frutos desenvolvem precocemente cor vermelha em grande parte da sua superfície. Causas e impactos da variabilidade da maturação das maçãs intracopa são discutidos.
EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY AND FOLIAR NUTRITION OF SEAWEED ON SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF FOUR VARIETIES OF KOHLRABI CROP
Authors: Al-Shammsri Aziz Mahdi , Alalawy Hassan H. , Hathal Ayad Ahmed
Published: January 2023

The field experiment was conducted at the research station of the Department of Horticulture and Gardening Engineering at the College of Agriculture Diyala University in the agricultural season 2018 and the study included the response of four varieties of Kohlrabi, namely green delicacy and local and purple delicacy and Vienna White for cultivation with two plant densities first 53333 plants H-1 and the second 106666 plants H-1 Foliar feeding has three levels of marine algae extract for valgren 0, 3, and 6 mL -1 . A global experiment was carried out within the splitsplinter system within the complete randomized sector design, as densities were placed in the main plates and the foliar feeding levels were extracted with seaweed extract in the secondary plates, while the plant varieties were placed in subsecondary units, the data of the studied traits were recorded and their averages were compared with the polynomial Duncan test At the probability level 0.05. The study showed significant differences between the varieties, as the green delicacy variety outperformed the number of leaves, while the purple delicacy variety outperformed the total chlorophyll content and the percentage of dry matter in the leaves, while the local variety and purple delicacy excelled in plant height and leaf length. Plants cultivated with the first density were significantly superior in leaf length, foliar area and percentage of dry matter in the leaves compared to plants cultivated with the second density. There were no significant differences between the two densities in plant height, number of leaves and total chlorophyll. The fertilizing treatment with vulgene algae at a concentration of 6 mL -1 was significantly higher in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf area and total chlorophyll compared to the treatment without spraying. Triangular interference had a significant effect on all traits. The treatment of the cultivar of the purple delicacy cultivated in the first density and fertilized with a concentration of 6 ml-1 of the felgae was significantly superior in the leafy area, the total chlorophyll and the percentage of the dry matter in the leaves, while the treatment of the green delicacy cultivar in the The first density of fertilizer with a concentration of 6 ml -1 liter was significant in number of leaves.
Assessment of Knowledge, Awareness, and Use of Family Planning Methods Among Residents in Iringa Municipality
Authors: Mgaya Catherine M. , Mgonja Frida R.
Published: January 2023

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Iringa Municipality with 100 women of childbearing age aged 18 to 45 years. Levels of knowledge and awareness of family planning methods were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. As a result, it was found that the majority of 94(94%) of the surveyed population said they were well-informed about family planning methods and had good attitudes and awareness of contraceptives. Of the methods presented, male condoms, injections, and implants were familiar and used by the majority of participants. Of the 100 participants, 85(85%) used modern family planning techniques and 71(83.5%) of them reported having used services at a health facility. However, the remaining 15(15%) of respondents indicated that they did not use family planning for religious and cultural reasons. Modern contraceptive technology is available, accessible, and proven to be used. Therefore, more education is needed for communities on the importance of using permanent modern strategies, including sterilization. Getting men involved is also important.
How Kobe and Osaka created a sustainable and circular system for handling wastewater and food waste (part 2)
Authors: Namba Kei
Published: January 2023

Case studies from Kobe and Osaka show how cities can tackle challenges of food waste, make use of wastewater, and maximise resource efficiency for food and energy. Transition to a circular economy requires valuing multiple dimensions of natural resources and behavioural changes. Gaining social acceptance from the citizens and relevant stakeholders is critical for project success and sustaining them.
Studies of the family Drynidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) as parasitoids of cicadas (Cicadellidae)
Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Published: January 2023

Most Dryinidae act as cenobiont ectoparasitoids of Cicadellidae (Cicadelloidea), Delphacidae, Flatidae and Membracidae (Hemiptera). Females of Dryinidae feed on nectar and other sugary solutions and, with the exception of Aphelopinae, they also have a predatory habit and feed on fluids and tissues of their hosts. Only Aphelopinae acts as polyembryonic endoparasitoids that attack Membracidae nymphs. Superparasitism is reported for some female Gonatopodinae. Drynidae have biparental reproduction or parthenogenetic thelytok or arrhenotoky. Dryinidae species can be bi or multivoltine, according to the region where they live; as they are not good fliers, their ability to disperse depends more on their hosts than on themselves. The purpose of this paper is to seek knowledge about the Drynidae Family. For the mini-review, the bibliographic search used the following databases: Biological Abstract, Academia.edu, Resergate and Frontiers from November 2022 to December 2022. The articles were published from 1984 to 2022 in indexed scientific research, book scientific chapters, these banks, university dissertations, national and international scientific articles, scientific journals, documents and even in general journals when considered of interest.
The valuable heterosis and genetic inheritance of live weight trait by growth hormone gene action in Ongole-grade cattle
Authors: Umar Paputungan  , Wapsiaty Utiah  , Santie Turangan
Published: January 2023

The crucial genetic factors of live weight inheritance including breeding value, dominance deviation, heritability and heterosis had not been studied in Ongole-grade cows. This study aims to identify the genotypic components including breeding value, dominance deviation, heritability and heterosis of live weight trait in Ongole-grade cows. A total of 78 blood samples from parental cows and 2 blood samples from parental Ongole-breed bulls were collected to be analyzed for presences of growth hormone (GH) genes. Presences of GH locus in blood samples were screened using PCR-RFLP method involving restricted enzyme Msp1 on agarose-gel (1.2%). Data were analyzed by statistical program in Excel XP. Results showed that the population mean (μ) of cow live weight was 385.98± 2.49 kg. Genetic component inheritance of homozygous genotypes of GH +/+ and GH –/– and heterozygous genotype of GH +/– were dominated by dominance gene action, rather than the additive gene action resulting the valuable heterosis for live weight trait of 3.2 percent. The heritability of dominance gene action (hD 2 ) was 0.96 categorized as higher heritability, while heritability of additive gene action (hA 2 ) was 0.04 categorized as low heritability under the equilibrium frequencies of both GH + (p = 0.48) and GH – (q = 0.52) genes without considering the nongenetic causes of environmental effect in the population of cow live weight.
A vidékfejlesztés helye és szerepe a fejlesztéspolitikában
Authors: Goda Pál , Hamza Eszter , Mezei Katalin , Rácz Katalin
Published: January 2023

A vidékfejlesztés szakpolitikai jelentősége az ezredforduló óta az európai Unióban és Magyarországon egyaránt növekszik. Ezt támasztja alá, hogy 2021 júniusában az európai bizottság 2040-ig szóló, erősebb, összekapcsolt, ellenálló és virágzó vidéki területek és közösségek felé vezető jövőképet fogalmazott meg, melyet uniós szintű Vidékfejlesztési Cselekvési terv elfogadásával, valamint az uniós, nemzeti, regionális és helyi szereplők széles körét mozgósító Vidéki Paktum létrehozásával, továbbá eddig nem alkalmazott vidékfejlesztési megoldásokkal kíván elérni. A vidékfejlesztési szakpolitika hazai felértékelődését jelzi, hogy a 2021–2027-es programozási időszakban Magyarországon ez az egyetlen olyan fejlesztéspolitikai terület, ahol az EU-s támogatásokhoz szánt nemzeti társfinanszírozás mértéke a korábbihoz képest jelentősen, 17%-ról 80%-ra növekszik. Ebből kiindulva tanulmányunkban a vidékfejlesztés időben és térben változó szerepét, a cél- és eszközrendszerben, valamint a finanszírozási háttérben bekövetkezett főbb változásokat tekintjük át annak érdekében, hogy a következő programidőszakban elérhetővé váló EU-s és nemzeti vidékfejlesztési források a vidéki területek fejlődését még inkább elősegíthessék. Elemzésünk rámutat, hogy a vidéki területek hosszú távú fejlődését célzó vidékfejlesztési szakpolitika megalapozásához elkerülhetetlen a vidék fogalmának újradefiniálása, a vidéki térségek EU-s és hazai lehatárolási módszertanának felülvizsgálata, a vidékfejlesztési beavatkozások eredményeinek és hatásainak nyomon követését lehetővé tevő adatgyűjtési, értékelési rendszerek, módszertanok és elméletek megújítása a vidék és környezete szükségleteire a korábbinál jobban összpontosító, integrált szemléletű fejlesztéspolitika térnyerése érdekében.
A magyar élelmiszerlánc mikrovállalkozásainak elemzése a koronavírus által okozott fogyasztói trendváltozásra adott válaszuk alapján
Authors: Fülöp Zsolt , Bajkó Norbert , Nagyné Pércsi Kinga
Published: January 2023

A koronavírus-járvány jelentős változásokat hozott a magyar mikro-, kis- és középvállalkozások szektorában. A pandémiás helyzet által előidézett problémákat a legtöbb ágazat komoly nehézségek árán tudta csak kezelni, és számos szektor, köztük a turizmus és a vendéglátás még a többi szektornál is súlyosabb helyzetbe került. A globális ellátási láncoktól függő szektorok nem csak a beszerzés és a készletgazdálkodás feltételeinek megváltozásával kellett, hogy szembenézzenek. A fogyasztói igények is jelentős változásokon mentek keresztül, ami további nyomás alá helyezte ezeket a piaci szereplőket. A szerzők célja a koronavírus-járvány által előidézett változások feltárása a fogyasztói preferenciákban az élelmiszer-vásárlással és a vendéglátási szolgáltatásokkal kapcsolatban. Ehhez a szerzők conjointelemzést végeztek fogyasztói körben. A conjointelemzés eredményeit felhasználva pedig az élelmiszerláncban részt vevő, különböző mikrovállalkozások segítségével benchmarkingelemzést készítettek a szerzők, mellyel igyekeztek feltérképezni, hogy a megváltozott piaci feltételeket milyen szinten és milyen áron tudták követni e szektor képviselői. A szerzők elsősorban az innováció és a marketing eszközeinek felhasználását, valamint a felhasználás sikerességét vizsgálták. Az eredmények a mikrovállalkozások korlátolt sikerességű alkalmazkodását mutatták. A kutatás eredményei rávilágítottak arra, hogy ahhoz, hogy sikeresen támogatható legyen az élelmiszerlánc mikrovállalkozásainak túlélése egy későbbi, hasonló erősségű válság során, további elemzések szükségesek.
員工自願學習行為中介歷程之研究：心理社會工作依賴與工作投入之影響
Authors: 李慧潔 李慧潔 , Hui-Chieh Li 梁竣凱
Published: January 2023

幫助員工展現出「自願學習行為」（Voluntary learning behavior），能夠讓組織在動態的複雜環境中繼續保有競爭力，鼓勵員工自願學習是一個現代化企業不可或缺的人力資源發展策略；然而，目前仍只有少數研究探討為何員工願意於職場上產生自願學習行為，且過往的研究強調組織的責任─提供良好環境以促使員工學習，但忽略個人的義務─主動積極性的學習促發因子。本研究以華人成就動機理論為基礎，提出一個以心理─社會工作依賴為前置變數、工作投入為中介變數影響自願學習行為的雙因素中介模式，解釋自願學習行為的自我內在發生機制。本研究蒐集1,314位台灣員工樣本，應用結構方程模式進行驗證。結果顯示，本研究所提出之中介模式受實徵資料所支持。本研究結果，除可增加現有理論對於員工自願學習行為的解釋外，實務面上亦可對組織提出相關建議用以促進員工的自願學習行為。

 

The voluntary learning behavior of employees indicates the organization may maintain its momentum and competitiveness as a human resource development strategy. Unfortunately, studies concerning voluntary learning behavior are few. Most prior research emphasize the organization’s responsibility to provide supportive environment to facilitate employee learning, yet overlook the obligation for employees to be proactive on their learning. Drawing on the Chinese achievement motivation theory, this study proposes the two-factor of psycho-social work dependency as the antecedent and work involvement as the mediator to influence voluntary learning behavior among employees. Empirical data was collected by a survey of 1,314 employees working in private enterprises in Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was used to validate the proposed model. The results show that the relationships among psycho-social work dependency, work involvement and voluntary learning behavior are validated. Theoretical contribution and practical implications are discussed.

 
正念傾向、心理堅韌性與部隊生活適應關係之探究—以心理堅韌性為中介變項
Authors: 楊靜怡 楊靜怡
Published: January 2023

過去研究影響官兵生活適應的個人因素時，多著重在人格特質的討論，較少從個人心理優勢的觀點瞭解官兵部隊適應狀況。本研究旨在探究現役官兵在正念傾向、心理堅韌性與部隊生活適應之間的關係，並檢驗心理堅韌性在正念傾向與部隊生活適應間的中介效果。本研究採用方便取樣調查法，以陸軍現役官兵為研究對象，運用結構方程式模型探究變項間的關係，並採用拔靴法進行中介效果分析。研究結果顯示：官兵正念傾向和心理堅韌性對部隊生活適應有顯著的正向關聯；正念傾向亦對心理堅韌性有顯著的正向關聯；心理堅韌性在正念傾向與部隊生活適應之間扮演部分中介角色。綜言之，官兵的正念傾向與心理堅韌性皆為影響部隊生活適應的重要個人因素，由此可知，除了改善部隊工作或營舍環境等外在條件，協助官兵累積正念和心理堅韌性等正向的心理資源，不失為增進其職場適應力之具體途徑。最後，依據研究結果提出建議，供部隊實務管理之參考。

 

Prior research on military adjustment of soldiers most focus on personality and neglect the influence of personal psychological strength. Thus, this study explores the relationship among dispositional mindfulness, mental toughness, and military adjustment of soldiers. Using convenience sampling to collect surveys from 407 army soldiers, structural equation modeling with bootstrapping is applied to study the relationship among variables. The findings show dispositional mindfulness and mental toughness have a significant positive effect on military adjustment, where mental toughness partially mediates between dispositional mindfulness and military adjustment. In sum, dispositional mindfulness and mental toughness are important personal factors that affect military adjustment. Therefore, in addition to changing the external conditions of work or barrack, assisting soldiers to strengthen their positive psychological attributes such as mindfulness and mental toughness may enhance their adjustment in the army. Based on the results, the researcher provides suggestions for the management of the military.

 
臺灣COVID-19疫情煩心量表的開發與驗證
Authors: 曾秀雲 曾秀雲
Published: January 2023

COVID-19引起傳染病的全球傳播，本研究參考過去開發有效且可靠的自評工具經驗，對應臺灣對於感染者接觸史與旅遊史的疫調經驗，發展COVID-19疫情煩心量表作為自我評估的工具，且揭示個人對COVID-19恐懼與壓力對生活滿意度的影響。研究結果顯示，COVID-19疫情煩心量表提供良好信效度檢驗證據，並證實COVID-19疫情煩心程度越高，生活滿意度越低。本研究結果也進一步發現，COVID-19疫情煩心量表具有跨性別的恆等性，且成年女性的恐慌、緊張、煩躁等「情緒反應」明顯高於男性。

 

COVID-19, an infectious disease, has spread globally. This study refers to past research experience to develop a valid and reliable self-assessment tool, taking into consideration Taiwan’s special experience in tracking the contact history and travel history of people infected with COVID-19. This study develops a self-assessment tool for evaluating the fear & stress of COVID-19 scale and examines the impact of personal COVID-19 fear and stress on life satisfaction. The results of the study show that the fear & stress of COVID-19 scale provides good reliability and validity test evidence, and confirms that the higher the degree of personal COVID-19 fear & stress, the lower the life satisfaction. The results of this study also further revealed that the factor structure of the scale is gender-invariant, and women’s "emotional reactions" such as panic, nervousness, and irritability are significantly higher than those of men.

 
中西文「名詞+體貌形容詞」結構的名詞詞組對比
Authors: 劉珍綾 劉珍綾
Published: January 2023

本研究對比中西文裡，組合為名詞搭配體貌形容詞的名詞結構，分析此類詞組的表層結構表現及語義特徵，並對其同類型的合成詞詞彙化現象做出解釋。文章內容提及體貌形容詞及名詞間向心及離心結構的依存關係，總結出，儘管兩種語言的向心結構詞組較為能產，詞語成分間的依存關係並非絕對性而是程度上的相對性，此特性在離心結構中尤為體現。例如，西語的media naranja及中文的〝半子〞，雖然造詞歷程內含隱喻機制的離心詞，其詞組成分media/〝半〞字的深層語義仍體現在詞組組合中。從兩種語言的表層結構分析，由體貌形容詞及名詞組合而成的複合固定詞裡，西文的構詞型態過程比中文更具多元性，例如中文的對等詞，在西文能以型態複合詞(compuestos morfológicos: bàn yè 半夜 “medio” “noche” → medianoche)、派生詞(formación derivada: quàn fāng wèi 全方位 “total” “dirección” → multifunción)、單純詞(palabra simple: cháng shù 常數 “frecuente” “número” → constante (mat.))及短語詞(sintagma nominal: quàn nián 全年 “entero” “año” → todo el año)等各種形式表現。

 

This work extends the contrastive analysis to the type of noun phrases constituted by aspectual adjectives and nouns that, due to their special formal and semantic characteristics, can be compared in Mandarin Chinese and Spanish. The aim is to examine the behavior of lexicalization in a similar group of syntagmatic compounds of both languages. The study states that in terms of the semantic explanation of endocentrism and exocentrism in these combinations of aspectual adjectives and nouns, both languages coincide in presenting more endocentric than exocentric forms. However, in both languages the qualification of endocentrism or exocentrism is not absolute, but with certain gradation in semantic exocentrism. Thus, media naranja ""person who adapts perfectly to another, as if each one were half an orange"" and bàn zǐ 半子 ""middle"" ""son"" → son-in-law present such metaphorical relationships between their components and the referent. Regarding the structural differences between both languages, there are some examples of aspectual compounds whose equivalents in Spanish do not coincide in the morphological process as in Mandarin Chinese, since morphological compounds are added to the aspectual adjective-noun compounds (bàn yè 半夜 ""mid"" ""night"" → midnight), the derived formations (quàn fāng wèi 全方位 ""total"" ""direction"" → multifunction), the simple words (cháng shù 常數 ’frequent’ ’number’ → constant (mat.)) and noun phrases (quàn nián 全年 ""whole"" ""year"" → all year).

 
道家對法語作家的影響—論道家思想在法語文學中的接受度
Authors: 梅瑞明 梅瑞明
Published: January 2023

對於多數法語系國家的人來說，遠東地區的重要學說如道家思想，很難嚴謹地被理解。大部份寫過此主題的法語作家都侷限於嘗試將道家與在法國或是歐洲文化中既有的文化元素來作比較。自從啟蒙運動以來，法國傾向給亞洲東北地區貼上「儒家」的標籤，然而這個做法似乎流於簡化。相較於儒家和佛教，道家思想的知名度小，相關研究亦少，這是因為道家常被視為一種神秘且難以理解的文化。本文致力於探究道家在法國的接受度，以及法國學者（作家、詩人、旅行家、哲學家、民族學家、漢學家等）如何看待和詮釋道家思想。本文以法國和歐洲近代道家相關著作中所呈現的多樣且變動的表徵為本，進行跨文化研究。我們從中可以看到道家思想重新被創造:有時是非理性的或反啟蒙的；有時是基督教的姊妹宗教；有時被認為是不道德的或主張消極的，或甚至因其反物質主義或泛神論的反消費主義而受到推崇。道家也被視為是對永恆回歸學說的期待，就像新時代的神祕主義，一種作為後現代主義的精神力量或是作為重新關注自身肉體的源泉。

 

For most French/Francophones, the great Far Eastern doctrines, such as Taoism, are difficult to grasp rigorously. Most French-language authors who have written on the subject have generally confined themselves to trying to compare the Taoist doctrine with pre-existing elements of culture in French or European culture. Since the Enlightenment, France has often tended to label the northeast area of Asia as "Confucian". This is probably a bit of a simplification. Unlike Confucianism or Buddhism, Taoism is generally less known and less often mentioned. It is that Taoism often appears as a mysterious and difficult culture to grasp. It therefore seems interesting to study the reception of Taoism in France and the way in which French scholars (writers, poets, travelers, philosophers, ethnologists, sinologists, etc.) have received and interpreted this doctrine (religious and philosophical). This article necessarily implies an intercultural reflection, based on the study of the diverse and changing representations that have arisen in the recent history of writings on Taoism in France and Europe. This is how certain receptions showed real recreations of Taoism: a Taoism sometimes irrational or anti-enlightenment doctrine, sometimes religion sister of the Christian religion, sometimes considered immoral or advocating passivity, or even praised for its anti-materialism or its pantheistic anti-consumerism. Taoism was also seen as an anticipation of the doctrines of the eternal return, as a new-age mysticism, as a resource for post-modernism or as a source of renewed attention to the body.

 
「支那認識」與臺灣日本語系文學：以呂赫若《清秋》為例
Authors: 吳嘉浤 吳嘉浤
Published: January 2023

從日治時期文學探討華語語系與日語語系在臺灣發生的複雜關係，有助於我們解決華語語系討論中的二元對立框架：在地化或重視中國根源。過去史書美與王德威對於華語語系／華夷風（Sinophone／Xenophone）的爭論，聚焦於如何擺置實體中國、與台灣文學之兩者關係，但本文則將近代日本帝國放入互動的角色，複雜化此一歷史情境。有鑑於近代日本知識分子生產出一套強調對象化、科學化中國的再現論述，本文嘗試以「支那認識」的概念，重新省視此一情境下臺灣漢人作家的日本語文學運動。 面對中日戰爭情境，臺灣漢人日語作家視此為突顯臺灣之漢文化特色的機會。在呂赫若（1914-1950）此一個案中，對中國古典傳統的重新認識成為其重要的寫作資源，甚至具有使命感，然而其認識顯然也獲益於來自日本的「支那認識」。呂赫若於《清秋》（1943）完成諸多描繪臺灣漢人家族的文學成果，也因而不能被簡單地理解為在地文化的發揚或是漢文化的保存，而應同時重視「支那認識」等知識中介於其間發揮的作用。

 

Exploring the complex relationship between the Sinophone and the Japanophone in Taiwan is helpful in exploring the dichotomous framework used in the discussion of Sinophone Studies : localization or Sinocentrism. In the past, Shih Shu-mei and Wang Der-wei’s discussion on the Sinophone/Xenophone studies focused on the relationship between China and Taiwan literature, yet this article sees Empire of Japan as an interactive role to further complicate this historical context. Considering the fact that modern Japanese intellectuals produced a set of discourses that emphasized objectification and scientific representation of China, this article attempts to examine the Japanophone literature movement of Taiwanese Han writers in this context using the concept of “SHINA knowledge”（支那認識）. For example, the re-understanding of Chinese classical traditions was an important writing resource for Lu He-Ruo. In his work Ching Chiou (1943), Lu He-Ruo depicted many Han families in Taiwan. His understanding however was influenced by “SHINA knowledge”. Therefore this article argues that these literary depictions cannot be simply understood as the promotion of local culture or the preservation of Han culture, but they key to unveil the role that “SHINA knowledge” played in Taiwan literature.

 
Constructing a Crisis: Putin, the West and War in Ukraine
Authors: Bailey Jennifer Leigh
Published: January 2023

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 was met with condemnation from the European Union and the United States as an "unprovoked and unjustified military aggression" that undermines the liberal international order. However, some international relations scholars, such as John Mearsheimer, argue that Russia had genuine security concerns with regard to Ukraine and that the invasion was a response to the threat of NATO membership for Ukraine. Both liberal and realist perspectives on the invasion rely on the assumption of rational, cost-benefit calculations by actors, but cultural factors and irreconcilable non-material interests may also be at play in shaping the actions and motivations of states. Understanding the cultural and national identity factors at play in the invasion of Ukraine is complex and difficult, but they cannot be ignored in attempting to understand and address the conflict.
Results of Tip Urethroplasty in Distal Penile Hypospadias in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Ismail Saqib , Ismail Tahseen , Shah Syed Zakir Hussain , Rasheed Sadia , Saqib Aqdas , Memon Rabia
Published: January 2023

Background: Distal penile hypospadias is one of the common congenital abnormality. It is the anomaly of anterior urethral and penile development. Objective: The purpose of the study is to find the outcomes of TIP urethroplasty in distal penile hypospadias in the pediatric patients. Study design: This retrospective study was conducted at the urology department of our institute hospital for the duration of six months from February 2022 to July 2022. Material and Methods: Out of all the patients that visited hospital during a course of 1 year, 250 had distal penile hypospadias. There were 45 individuals that were less than 2 years of age, while the remaining patients were more than 2 years of age. There were 210 patients that were included in the de novo hypospadias type and 40 had recurrent type of hypospadias. Results: Chordee was found in case of 50 patients, most of the patients had their chordee disappeared during the degloving of the penis. Running sutures were in use of 200 patients while 50 reported about interrupted use of suturing. There were 25 patients that used no stent after surgery, however, the stent was used by 150 patients for 3 days. Conclusion: TIP urethroplasty is an effective and reliable method that can be used for the treatment of distal penile hypospadias as it has less rate of complications and is suitable for primary as well as redo operations. It covers neourethra by the moving corpus spongiosum or by any flap. Keywords: TIP urethroplasty and penile hypospadias.
Depression, Social Support and Quality of life in Patients with Diabetes: A Cross Sectional Investigation
Authors: Ali Syed Messum , , Iqbal Muhammad , Arshid Kirn , Arif Muhammad Bilal
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between Depression, Social Support and Quality of life in patients with Diabetes admitted in District Headquarter Hospital Sheikhupura using a representative population sample. The study used a cross sectional research design and sampling technique was purposive sampling strategy. The sample size of the study was 200 in the age range of 25 to 50 years of age. Depression was assessed throughy Hamilton Depression Rating Scale Urdu version while Social Supoort was assessed by Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Urdu version. Quality of Life was assessed through the WHO Quality of Life Measure. Results showed that social support significantly mediated the association between depression and quality of life. Moreover, significant gender differences were seen with regard to depression, social support and quality of life for diabetic patients. Social support also significantly mediated the association between depression and quality of life.
Frequency of Surgical Outcome of Patients Who Underwent Basicervical Femur Fractures Treatment with Dynamic Hip Screw Combiner with Derotation Hip Screw at Teritay Care Hospital, Karachi
Authors: Ahmed Awes , Ahmed Khalil , Shaikh Kashif Ali
Published: January 2023

Background: A basicervical fracture occurs when the femoral neck breaks below its intertrochanteric connection1. It's between a femoral neck fracture, treated with cancellous screws, and an intertrochanteric fracture, treated with sliding screws2. Previous studies revealed basicervical fractures might be treated with the DHS like intertrochanteric fractures. Basicervical fractures are less stable than intertrochanteric fractures 3,4, hence the DHS alone may not lead to a good functional outcome 5. A basal femoral neck fracture is one type of femoral fracture. Objective: To determine the frequency of surgical outcome of patients who underwent basicervical femur fractures treatment with dynamic hip screw combined with derotation hip screw at Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi. Study Design: Descriptive Case study. Setting: This study was conducted at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan. Duration: Six months after the approval of synopsis from August 23, 2019 to February 22, 2020. Methodology: JPMC in Karachi treated all included patients. Participants consented after learning about the study's methods, risks, and benefits. The wound was shaved and dressed the night before surgery. The patient's arms and legs were tied to the traction foot component using a fracture table. Image intensifiers were employed to verify the closed reduction. Straight cut from the greater trochanter down the thigh. Using an angle guide, a threaded guide pin was placed into the femoral head. Non-absorbable sutures closed the wound. Incision closed with suction drainage. All obtained data was kept in a performa and evaluated electronically for research. Results: Mean ± SD of age was 51.3±7.16 years. In distribution of gender, 67 (64.4%) were male while 37 (35.6%) were female. Surgical outcome was divided into two parts i.e. functional and radiological outcome. In Functional outcome 17 (16.35%) were having excellent hip score, 38 (36.55%) having good score, 22 (21.15%) having fair score while 27 (25.95%) having poor score. In radiological outcomes 33 (31.75%) had fracture reduction, 51 (49.02%) had fracture fixation, 20 (19.23%) had fracture union. Practical Implication: This study will help to determine the patient’s surgical outcomes on implying the dynamic hip screw combined with derotation hip screw, in treating basicervical femur fractures. Conclusion: It is to be concluded that DHS may allow better restoration of functional and radiological outcomes for the treatment of basicervical femur fractures in well selected patients that meet the indications for surgery whenever the technical competence and facilities exist. Keywords: Basicervical Femur Fractures, Dynamic Hip Screw, Derotation Hip Screw, Fracture, Hip Fracture
A Comparison of the Onlay and Sublay Mesh Procedures for the Repair Of Ventral Hernias
Authors: Saeed Faryal , Khan Kamran , Israr Sana , Khan Ajmal , Ahmed Ibrar , Khurshid Marium
Published: January 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes of the on-lay mesh technique and the sub-lay mesh technique for ventral hernia repair. Study Design: Observational/ Retrospective Place & Duration: Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Hospital, Abbottabad; from May 2022-October-2022 Methods: 116 individuals of both sexes, aged 18 to 75, who were undergoing ventral hernia repair were examined. After receiving the patient's consent, information about the patient's age and gender was recorded. All of the patients were equally split into two groups, Group I and Group II. Participants in Group I were treated with an on-lay mesh method, while those in Group II were given a sub-lay approach. Consequences such as discomfort after surgery, bacterial infections, seroma development, and lengths of stay in the hospital were documented and compared between the two groups. All data was analyzed with SPSS 24. Results: In group I mean age was 47.12+5.38 years and in group II mean age was 48.7+11.66 years. Among all, majority of the cases 67 (57.8%) were females and 49 (42.2%) cases were males. Postoperative pain was significantly higher in the group I 5.1+3.18 whereas in the group II, it was lower 2.9+4.16, with wound infection affecting 10 (17.2%) patients vs 5 (5.2%) patients (P<0.005). Seroma was identified in 3 (5.2%) of Group II patients and 7 (12.1%) of Group I patients (p<0.005). Hospitalization durations were significantly longer for participants in Group I (6.0+1.36 days) compared to those in Group II (3.2+0.44 days; p<0.05). Conclusion: This research came to the conclusion that the sub-lay mesh approach for ventral hernia repair was not only successful but also safe, with a very low risk of problems when compared to the on-lay mesh operation. Keywords: On-lay Mesh Technique, Ventral Hernia Repair, Outcomes, Sub-lay Mesh Technique
Effect of animal waste on bioremediation of soil contaminated with spent hydrocarbon from auto mechanic workshop in Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Makwin Danladi Makut  , Jennifer Eke  , Ike Kenneth Ekeleme  , Jibril Egwu Owuna  , Ogiri Richard Ari  , Smart Obumneme Obiekezie
Published: January 2023

Petroleum hydrocarbon is a major environmental pollutant throughout the world today because exploration and downstream utilization are associated with economic development. This work focus on effect of animal waste on bioremediation of soil contaminated spent hydrocarbon from auto mechanic workshop in Keffi. Isolation of bacteria and studies on utilized spent hydrocarbon supplemented with animal waste was carried out using standard microbiological methods and identified using 16s rRNA molecular techniques. The total spent hydrocarbon utilization was determined using Gas Chromatographic methods. The highest total bacteria count was recorded from High court (2.1 x105 cfu/g) and the lowest was from Keffi garage2 (1.2 x105 cfu/g). bacteria isolated and molecularly identified were Pectobacterium wasabiae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Priestia aryabhattai. The utilization of spent hydrocarbon after 4weeks of the experiment set up at ambient temperature Pseudomonas fluorescens recorded highest utilization of spent hydrocarbon amended with Poultry dropping and Cow dunk with 16.23±1.21 mg/ml and 13.44±0.23 mg/ml and Pectobacterium wasabia recorded the least with 8.12±0.20 mg/ml and 10.00±1.43. At temperature of 35 ℃ Pseudomonas fluorescens recorded highest utilization of spent hydrocarbon amended with Cow dunk and Poultry dropping with 17.13±1.11 mg/ml and 15.14±1.13 mg/ml while Priestia aryabhattai recorded the lowest from Poultry dropping with 6.10±0.06 mg/ml and Cow dunk with 8.23±0.03 mg/ml. at 40 ℃ the highest utilization was recorded by Priestia aryabhattai from Cow dunk amended spent hydrocarbon with 18.13±1.01 mg/ml and Poultry dropping with 16.24±1.33 mg/ml. from the findings of this study temperature plays a key role spent hydrocarbon that containment our environmental
Rezension von: Fuhrmann, Bernd, Konrad von Weinsberg - ein adliger Oikos zwischen Territorium und Reich
Authors: Fritz Gerhard , Fuhrmann Bernd
Published: January 2023

Bernd Fuhrmann: Konrad von Weinsberg - ein adliger Oikos zwischen Territorium und Reich (Vierteljahrsschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte Beiheft 171 ), Stuttgart (Steiner) 2004, 388 S.
Rezension von: Deutsch, Andreas, Der Klagspiegel und sein Autor Conrad Heyden
Authors: Weber Raimund J. , Deutsch Andreas
Published: January 2023

Andreas Deutsch: Der Klagspiegel und sein Autor Conrad Heyden. Ein Rechtsbuch des 15. Jahrhunderts als Wegbereiter der Rezeption (Forschungen zur deutschen Rechtsgeschichte, hg. von Karin Nehlsen-von Stryk, Jan Schröder und Dietmar Willoweit, 23 . Bd.), Köln, Weimar, Wien (Böhlau) 2004, XIV, 672 S.
Rezension von: Heinzer, Felix; Kretschmar, Robert; Rückert, Peter (Hrsg.), 900 Jahre Kloster Lorch
Authors: Bürger Sven-Uwe , Heinzer Felix , Kretzschmar Robert , Rückert Peter
Published: January 2023

Felix Heinzer, Robert Kretschmar, Peter Rückert (Hg.): 900 Jahre Kloster Lorch. Eine staufische Gründung vom Aufbruch zur Reform (Veröffentlichung der Kommission für geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg), Stuttgart (Kohlhammer) 2004, 199 S., zahlr. Abb.
Rezension von: Bechstein, Eberhard, Die Tierberger Fehde zwischen den Grafen von Hohenlohe und den Herren von Stetten 1475-1495
Authors: Neumaier Helmut , Bechstein Eberhard
Published: January 2023

Eberhard Bechstein: Die Tierberger Fehde zwischen den Grafen von Hohenlohe und den Herren von Stetten 1475 bis 1495. Ein Streit zwischen Rittern, Grafen, Fürsten und dem Kaiser am Vorabend der Reichsreform, Köln-Weimar-Wien (Böhlau) 2004, XVI, 262 S., 36 Abb., davon 28 farbig, 2 farbige Karten
Rezension von: Historischer Verein für Württembergisch Franken (Hrsg.), St. Michael in Schwäbisch Hall
Authors: Göpfert Eberhard , Historischer Verein für Württembergisch Franken
Published: January 2023

St. Michael in Schwäbisch Hall. Hg. vom Historischen Verein für Württembergisch Franken, dem Evangelischen Gesamtkirchenbezirk Schwäbisch Hall und dem Hällisch-Fränkischen Museum Schwäbisch Hall. Mit Beiträgen von Herta Beutter, Wolfgang Deutsch, Hans Werner Hönes, Rainer Jooß, Armin Panter, Achim Plato, Gerd Schäfer, Helmut Schick und Christoph Weismann. Fotografien von Jürgen Weller, Künzelsau (Swiridoff) 2006, 312 S., ca. 120 Farbabb.
Rezension von: Baschin, Marion; Fritz, Gerhard (Hrsg.), 70 Jahre deutsche Geschichte im Spiegel des Backnanger „Murrtal-Boten"
Authors: Ott Sabrina , Baschin Marion , Fritz Gerhard
Published: January 2023

Marion Baschin, Gerhard Fritz (Hg.) : 70 Jahre deutsche Geschichte im Spiegel des Backnanger „Murrtal-Boten" (Kleine Schriften des Stadtarchivs Backnang 2), Backnang (Fr. Stroh) 2002, 126 S., 10 Abb., 37 Grafiken
Rezension von: Müller, Uwe; Petersen, Ernst (Hrsg.), Schweinfurter historische Forschungen
Authors: Voit Thomas , Müller Uwe , Petersen Ernst
Published: January 2023

Uwe Müller, Ernst Petersen (Hg.) : Schweinfurter historische Forschungen (Veröffentlichungen des Historischen Vereins Schweinfurt e. V., N.F. 7), Schweinfturt 2004, 521 S., zahlr. Abb.
Rezension von: Ferchl, Irene; Setzler, Wilfried, Mit Mörike von Ort zu Ort ...
Authors: Göpfert Eberhard , Ferchl Irene , Setzler Wilfried
Published: January 2023

Irene Ferchl, Wilfried Setzler: Mit Mörike von Ort zu Ort. Lebensstationen des Dichters in Baden-Württemberg, Tübingen (Silberburg) 2004, 320 S., zahlr. Abb. in Farbe und Schwarz/WeißMörike und die Künste. Von Hans-Ulrich Simon unter Mitarbeit von Regina Cerfontaine (Marbacher Katalog 57, hg. von Heike Gfrereis und Ulrich Ott, Marbach am Neckar (Deutsche Schillergesellschaft) 2004, 458 S., zahlr. Tafeln und Abb.Eduard Mörike : Laßt dies Herz alleine haben seine Wonne, seine Pein. Gedichte ausgewählt und eingeleitet von Peter Härtling (Insel-Bücherei Nr. 1256), Frankfurt am Main und Leipzig (Insel) 2004, 96 S.
OPORTUNITĂȚI DE DEZVOLTARE A PROFILULUI UE ÎN DOMENIUL CAPABILITĂȚILOR DE APĂRARE. FONDUL EUROPEAN DE APĂRARE
Authors: ILINCA Dragoș
Published: January 2023

Articolul de față aduce în atenție una dintre principalele evoluții înregistrate în contextul cooperării europene în  domeniul apărării, vizând crearea Fondului European de Apărare (EDF). Gândit ca o inițiativă, menită să contribuie la susținerea financiară a proiectelor de cooperare în domeniul dezvoltării capabilităților și cercetării de apărare, EDF reprezintă o inovație care a început să funcționeze din 2021, oferind perspective suplimentare de consolidare a Politicii de Securitate și Apărare Comune. Deși este o inițiativă nouă, intrarea în funcțiune a Fondului European de Apărare a fost devansată de o etapă pregătitoare, în care au fost definite cadrul procedural și mecanismele necesare funcționării noului instrument. Pe aceste coordonate, analiza dezvoltată la nivelul articolului vine să aprofundeze teza privind impactul pozitiv al EDF pentru sustenabilitatea cooperării europene în domeniul apărării. Valoarea strategică a noului instrument pentru integrarea problematicilor privind dezvoltarea de capabilități și cercetarea reprezintă o altă direcție aprofundată în cadrul articolului. Nu în ultimul rând, rolul economic al EDF beneficiază de o evaluare atentă în cadrul acestui studiu, din perspectiva modalității de raportare a entităților de profil de pe teritoriul UE, reflectat în creșterea participării acestora în procesul de promovare a proiectelor de cooperare.
RESPECTAREA DREPTURILOR FUNDAMENTALE ALE OMULUI ÎN TIMPUL ȘI DUPĂ RĂZBOIUL RUSO-GEORGIAN
Authors: PREDA (DAVIDOIU) Madălina
Published: January 2023

Valoarea normativă și cea practică a protejării civililor în timpul conflictelor armate, a respectării exercițiului drepturilor și libertăților fundamentale ale omului, chiar și în conflicte armate cu caracter internațional, sunt de necontestat. Schimbarea formelor și a mijloacelor utilizate în luptele armate duce la încălcări ale prevederilor dreptului internațional umanitar. Jurisprudența Curții Europene a Drepturilor Omului a efectuat, în cazul Georgia contra Rusia, o conexiune între drepturile fundamentale, incluse în Convenția europeană a drepturilor omului și cetățeanului, și drepturile protejate prin legile conflictelor armate, decizie de importanță deosebită în actualul context de securitate din sud-estul Europei.
DEFICIENȚELE ARMATEI RUSE ÎN OPERAȚIA „Z
Authors: DINU Denis-Georgian
Published: January 2023

Operația „Z”, demarată de Rusia, la data de 24.02.2022, împotriva Ucrainei se confruntă cu probleme logistice accentuate în teren. Infrastructura feroviară pe care se bazează și care nu poate satisface în întregime cerințele armatei, tehnica logistică depășită, dificultățile și limitările legate de asigurarea necesarului de carburant sunt probleme frecvent raportate în ultimele săptămâni de conflict. Doctrina de sprijin logistic a forțelor ruse conține unele inadvertențe organizaționale și funcționale. Din analiza acesteia, rezultă că un batalion de sprijin logistic cu personalul și echipamentele din dotare nu este în măsură să satisfacă în totalitate cerințele de sprijin ale forțelor deservite. Aparent, această deficiență este întâlnită atât la nivelul tactic, cât și la cel operativ și strategic, după cum reiese din studiul mai multor articole și lucrări de specialitate care analizeză conflictul curent ruso-ucrainean. Prezentul articol urmărește ca, pe baza analizei informațiilor accesibile din surse deschise (articole, reportaje tv și postări în social-media), să identifice sursa problemelor logistice cu care se confruntă forțele armate ruse.
HYBRID WAR ECONOMIC DETERMINATIONS WHICH FOLLOWED ROMANIA’S FORCED INDUSTRIAL DECLINE
Authors: DUMITRU Ilie Răsvan
Published: January 2023

The deindustrialization process of Romania, applied methodically and persistently after the 90s, seems not to be part of the natural path towards industry 4.0, but rather to be a systematic process of planned destruction and erasure of the post-December industry, on a new Valev Plan system conceived in the secret laboratories of the artisans of the new world configuration. The insistence with which there was a systematic and planned demolition of most of the large industrial capacities and platforms betrays obscure interests that can no longer be placed under the umbrella of classifying them as obsolete or non-performing, but rather as inconvenient for foreign markets and foreign capitals. To better understand the mechanisms that acted in order to reset Romania and return it to the status of a semi-agrarian colony, exporting raw materials, natural resources and cheap labor, materialized by the destruction of the heavy, petrochemical, food and car manufacturing industry, we will need to analyze in depth the essence of the manifestation framework of the processes that support globalism as an ideology and globalization as a supra-state and neo-colonialist policy of the great international power centers.
INSECURITY AND THE QUEST FOR STATE POLICE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RESTRUCTURING DEBATE IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC
Authors: SAKA Luqman , OLADEJO Sherifdeen Adeoye
Published: January 2023

There has been a debate on the modality for the management of the Nigerian Police Force since the return to civil rule in  1999. The debate revolves around the need to devolve constitutional authority on policing to sub-national units. In theory, this will entail moving internal security issues, inclusive of policing, from the exclusive federal list to the concurrent list. Given the heighten insecurity that has plagued the Nigerian state in recent times, this paper examines the restructuring discourse in Nigeria with a specific focus on the call for the establishment of state police within the context of the subsidiarity principle. The study was contextualized within the exploratory research design paradigm and it adopted the qualitative approach in the sourcing and analysis of data. To this end, the paper has drawn information from published media reports that include: opinion, commentaries, editorials and news articles. Data was also sourced from published academic and policy publications that include: articles, chapter in books, books and government documents. Drawing on information from these sources, this paper assesses the positions of protagonists and antagonists of state police in Nigeria. It draws out implications for security governance in Nigeria.
POPULISM AS A POLITICAL STRATEGY: IS IT A THREAT TO DEMOCRACY?
Authors: MURGINSKI Petar
Published: January 2023

Some authors have been highly critical of populism and naturally, this has raised the question of whether populism is dangerous for democracy or not. I wish to provide a critique of this claim and instead suggest that populism is sometimes necessary for established democracies. Developing this argument, this paper proceeds as follows: Firstly, I will outline Urbinati’s criticism of populism. Secondly, using Popper’s paradox of tolerance, I will show how Urbinati’s view is teleological and becomes a defence of the status quo thereby impeding political progress. Thirdly, I will show how populism’s relationship with democracy is best conceptualised as a creatively destructive one and how populists, once having accepted the Popperian condition of tolerance, can be a force for good in democracies by illuminating issues which were previously left outside the realm of mainstream politics.
HANNIBALʼS STRATAGEMS
Authors: STRECHIE Mădălina
Published: January 2023

Romeʼs fiercest enemy, the one who defeated Rome on its own in the Second Punic War, Hannibalus was one of the most special warriors of all time, so we can call the Second Punic War, his war. It was through all the actions he really took his war with Rome, both after all the outstanding theories about the war, but especially by the fact that the talented Carthaginian general defeated Rome at her home, shattering the myth of her invincibility, as a city of Mars. We are not wrong when we claim that Hannibal would have defeated the god of war in this conflict as well.From the beginning of military hostilities to their end, the perfect strategist of the Puns fully controlled the theatre of operations, even being its sole director, putting his enemy, Rome, in the most disastrous situation of all time. Basically, Hannibal eliminated the echelon of command of the Roman army, but also the Roman army that is shattered in three successive battles at Trebia, Trasimenus and Cannae, ending up threatening Rome itself through the famous ante portas episode. Even though Hannibalʼs war did not result in Hannibal’s peace, the intention of the brilliant general was to eliminate Rome as an armed force and economic strength, an objective fully accomplished during the military operations. The detail that eluded him was the Roman tenacity, the one that stole his peace, but Hannibal has entirely the paternity of the second war between the Puns and the Romans, being to this day a genius of the art of war, unmatched yet.