bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robustez de los índices de ajuste del análisis factorial confirmatorio a los valores extremos
Authors: Rojas-Torres Luis
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la robustez de varios índices de ajuste del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (SRMR, RMSEA, TLI, CFI y GFI) a la presencia de valores extremos. Para el alcance del objetivo se planteó un estudio de simulaciones con 3× 4 × 2 condiciones: tamaño de muestra (100, 200 y 500), porcentaje de valores extremos (0%, 1%, 5% y 10%) y número de variables con valores extremos (1 y 2). Los conjuntos de datos base (0% de valores extremos) por tamaño de muestra, fueron simulados a partir de una distribución que se ajustaba a un AFC con tres factores correlacionados. Los conjuntos de datos con valores extremos se crearon a partir de la sustitución de observaciones en los conjuntos de datos base. Luego, en cada conjunto de datos se estimó un AFC con tres factores correlacionados. Se obtuvo que con los puntos de corte clásicos de los índices de ajuste, todos estos fueron robustos a la presencia de datos extremos en conjuntos de datos de 200 y 500 observaciones. Con 100 observaciones se obtienen índices robustos pero considerando puntos de corte ajustados a la estructura factorial y el tamaño muestral trabajado.
Funciones de Dulac para modelos matemáticos de la ecología
Authors: Mendoza Emmanuel , Osuna Osvaldo , Villavicencio-Pulido Geiser
Published: June 2020

Excluir la existencia de oscilaciones sostenidas en modelos de la ecología matemática es de vital interés para conocer la dinámica poblacional de especies interactuando. En este trabajo se construyen funciones de Dulac para algunas generalizaciones de modelos usados comúnmente en la ecología matemática. Dicho resultado excluye la existencia de órbitas periódicas para algunos modelos que describen competencia intraespecífica o interespecífica, relaciones de competencia, de depredación y captura de individuos de alguna de las especies.
Un producto en el Álgebra de Clifford An(2, αj , γij) y sus aplicaciones
Authors: Bolívar Yanett , Cortez María
Published: June 2020

Las álgebras de Clifford son álgebras asociativas y no conmutativas definidas a través de ciertas estructuras multiplicativas. En estas álgebras no siempre existe una fórmula explícita que permita expresar el producto entre los vectores de la base del espacio vectorial, tal como está propuesto en el álgebra An (ver [6]). En esta investigación se ofrece una expresión explícita para el producto de determinados elementos de la base del álgebra An(2, αj , γij ), lo cual representa la apertura para deducir cálculos que arrojen nuevos aportes en el análisis de Clifford con parámetros.
New records of four reptile species (Lepidosauria, Squamata) from the province of Guayas, southwestern Ecuador
Authors: Cruz-García Keyko , Cisneros-Heredia Diego F. , Sánchez-Nivicela Juan C. , Amador Luis
Published: June 2020

Southernmost record of Rhinobothryum bovallii (Andersson 1916), new country records and notes of distribution range of Anolis lyra (Poe, Velasco, Miyata and Williams 2009), Corallus blombergi (Rendahl and Vestergren 1941) and, Spilotes megalolepis (Linnaeus 1758), are provided from specimens collected in Cerro de Hayas forest, Guayas province, southwestern Ecuador.
The flux rate of Ca2+ into embryo can be used to evaluate the vigour level of maize seeds
Authors: Zhu P. , Song X. , Mao Y. , Li Y. , Zhang C.
Published: June 2020

Seed vigour is an important trait and is often used to evaluate seed quality. A rapid and accurate evaluation of seed vigour is very important for agricultural production. Ca2+ is an important secondary messenger in plants, responding to various biotic and abiotic stimuli by Ca2+ flux into cytoplasm. To the best of our knowledge, however, no report has been published about seed vigour and Ca2+ influx. In this study, we used two hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) lines and their corresponding female parent lines as materials, and performed ageing and ‘ageing + priming’ treatments to obtain seeds with different vigour levels. After seeds were imbibed for 24 h, the intact seeds or embryos were used as materials for determining the Ca2+ influx rate using non-invasive micro-test technique (NMT). Results showed that, with the intact embryos as materials, the Ca2+ influx rate showed higher stability and higher values. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant, positive linear correlation between the shoot dry weight vigour index and Ca2+ flux rate into embryo. The results demonstrated that the Ca2+ influx rate can be used to evaluate the vigour levels of maize seeds.
Microstructure, thermodynamics and rheological properties of different types of red adzuki bean starch
Authors: Zhang J. , Zhai A.
Published: June 2020

Starches were isolated from three cultivars of red adzuki beans, including Da Hongpao (DHP), Bao Qinghong (BQH) and Zhen Zhuhong (ZZH), and their morphological, structural and physicochemical properties were studied. Statistical analysis of the physicochemical and functional properties data revealed a significant (P < 0.05) difference among the three starch types. Starch of DHP cultivar showed low amylose content, smooth and round particle morphology, with obvious polarised crosses. The average particle size of the three adzuki bean types was in the range of 35.58–43.29 μm, with that of DHP being the smallest, 35.58 μm. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that all the starches were type A with reflections (2θ) at 15.0°, 17.03° and 23.3°. The bands of Fourier transforms infrared spectra of the three starches revealed their carbohydrate properties, and the intensity of the Fourier spectral absorption band of starch from DHP was weaker than that of the other cultivars. Further, the relative crystallinity of the three starches ranged from 22.7 to 29.4%, and DHP showed the highest crystallinity of 29.4%. Additionally, starch of the DHP cultivar revealed high gelatinisation, peak viscosity and enthalpy as compared to those from the other two adzuki bean cultivars. The shear viscosity of the three starch types decreased with increasing shear rate; when the shear rate was 10 s-1, the shear viscosity of the DHP-derived starch significantly decreased. Moreover, both the modulus (G’) and the loss modulus (G’’) increased with increasing dynamic frequency, and the DHP-derived starch showed the lowest G’ and G’’ values. In summary, this work provides data that may help in promoting the application of starches isolated from red adzuki bean in the food industry.
Avaliação do conhecimento e comportamento dos pacientes da Universidade da Cidade de São Paulo sobre a Doença Periodontal
Authors: Bragner dos Santos Nathali , DiProfio Bruna , Triviño Tarcila
Published: June 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento e instrução de higiene bucal e mecanismos de prevenção previamente adquiridas de indivíduos ingressantes pela primeira vez à Clínica da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Cidade de São Paulo sobre a doença periodontal provenientes do cirurgião dentista. A análise foi realizada por meio de um questionário estruturado. Após responderem, foram orientados sobre a doença periodontal, bem como a sua prevenção. Foram avaliados 94 pacientes adultos entre 18 e 80 anos e os dados submetidos à análise estatística descritiva. Para participar da pesquisa era necessário ter ido previamente ao cirurgião-dentista. Os resultados mostraram que 55,32% dos pacientes eram do gênero feminino, sendo predominante a faixa etária entre 45 a 60 anos. Escova e dentifrício foram os recursos mais utilizados para higienização bucal por 76,60% dos entrevistados. O percentual 60,64% dos pacientes alegaram nunca ter recebido orientação da maneira correta do uso do fio dental e 70,72% não tiveram a orientação do que é gengivite/periodontite advindas do cirurgião-dentista. O fio dental não é utilizado por 42,55% dos entrevistados, sendo 39,36% afirmaram que não utilizam porque não sabem. Pôde-se concluir que os pacientes avaliados apresentam um conhecimento desigual sobre a prevenção da doença periodontal. Existe a necessidade contínua de orientação sobre as medidas preventivas para a doença periodontal, ressaltando o papel da utilização do fio dental pelo cirurgião dentista e nos programas educativos.
Tasmola Kurgans in Aiyrtas Valley in Central Kazakhstan
Authors: Beisenov Arman , Shashenov Darkhan
Published: June 2020

The report introduces study materials of new kurgans dating back to the early Iron Age of Central Kazakhstan. Monuments are located in the eastern part of the Karaganda region. Geographically, this territory is part of the Kazakh Upland’s eastern region. In three cemeteries located at the area of Mount Aiyrtas, 8 kurgans were excavated. Mounds of 5–13 m in diameter and 0.2–1.2 m tall are built of earth and stone. Eachmound contains one grave. Dead bodies are placed head to the northwest. Despite the fact the kurgans were heavily robbed, the data about the funeral rite demonstrate important aspects of the of the ancient population culture of this region, as well as the found objects do. According to archaeological data, the monuments belong to the Tasmola culture of the Saka tribes time period. The materials obtained indicate that representatives of the ordinary population are buried at the studied sites. Monuments are dating back to VII–V centuries BC. The study of monuments left by the lower class is a poorly researched aspect of tasmol culture’s population, so it is very important. The data accumulated by now have been obtained from burials being widely scattered over a large area. Studying small mounds in places of their accumulation is more promising, though. One of such places is Aiyrtas valley, where large number of small mounds is located, as parts of nearby cemeteries. There are still some unexcavated kurgans in Aiyrtas-2 kurgan cemetery remaining. As it is known, a complete study of burial grounds makes it possible to draw more substantiated conclusions about the social structure of ancient society. There are other burial grounds in the area, including elite kurgans.
Scythian Bracelets and Rings with Protrusions from the Cemetery Near Glinoe Village
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lysenko Svetlana
Published: June 2020

The article examines bracelets and rings of the La-Tene style from Scythian burials of the cemetery near the Glinoe village, Slobozeya district, on the left bank of the Dniester. Bracelets were found in three burials belonging to different kurgan groups (Glinoe-“Sad”, kurgan 8, burial 5; Glinoe-“Vodovod”, kurgan 16, burial 6; Glinoe, kurgan 71, burial 1). Single rings with protrusions were found in two burials (Glinoe-“Sad”, kurgan 8, burial 2; Glinoe-“Vodovod”, kurgan 7, burial 2). Two chains of double rings and one chain of the triple rings of the La Tene style comes from burial 3 of kurgan 14 of the Glinoe-“Vodovod” cemetery. The author considers the typological attribution of these objects according to existing classification, concerns the issue of their manufacturing and dating, as well as the nature of using. Bracelets with protrusions in the form of rosettes of two, three and four ledges from the Glinoe cemetery were likely produced by lost-wax casting. Taking in account the small number of such bracelets found in the North Black Sea region, it is still difficult to draw an unambiguous conclusion about their local production. All researchers agree on the dating of such bracelets in the second half of the 4th – the beginning of the 3rd centuries BC. The purpose of the items analyzed appears obvious. They were worn by women and children. The dating of rings with single, double and triple protrusions almost matches the dating of bracelets of the same type. They were common in the 4th – the beginning of 3rd centuries BC. There is data allowing to consider those bracelets have been used in complex necklaces.
Online Resources Used by Medical Students, a Literature Review
Authors: Ryan Laura , Sheehan Kate , Marion Mohd Ikhwan , Harbison Joseph
Published: June 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Purpose: To summarise research pertaining to the use of online resources by medical students throughout the course of their studies in a literature review. Method: Twenty studies published between 2003-2017 were identified for inclusion in the review. All reviewed papers reported on medical students use of online resources for their studies, both in preclinical and clinical settings. Results: Of the studies initially identified, twenty studies focusing on medical students were included and reviewed. The online resources, most frequently mentioned were UpToDate (35%); Epocrates (35%); Medscape (25%), Google (25%); PubMed (20%); Micromedex (20%); Wikipedia (15%); PEPID (10%); Dynamed (10%). Fourteen studies linked the use of online resources to their accessibility and reliability. In nine studies students reported that online resource use enhanced clinical management and diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: Research on the use of online resources by medical students is largely limited to their use in clinical settings. As technology and learning evolve there is an increased need for students to be able to access such resources online and have the required teaching to understand how best to utilise them.
Protracted Conflicts in Afghanistan and Chechnya: American Perspectives on Russian Experience
Authors: Sushentsov Andrey , Neklyudov Nikita
Published: June 2020

Since the early 1980s, American scholarly and analytical literature has discussed the effectiveness of Soviet, and subsequently Russian, management of low-intensity conflicts. Though both the Soviet and Russian experience has been examined from many perspectives, including the military, economic, social and political, the American academic community does not tend to deem such an approach relevant and useful in terms of understanding US foreign policy. This disjoint is even harder to understand given the fact that the American military faced the same problems in Afghanistan and Iraq as the Soviet army experienced in Afghanistan (1979–1989), and Russian forces experienced during the First Chechen War (1994–1996). The greatest perplexity for American authors was the ability of Soviet and Russian leaders to recreate a power hierarchy on the ground while relying on their former adversaries – the Afghan Mujahideen and Chechen separatists. According to American intellectual discourse, reliance on a former enemy cannot be considered, by definition, during post-conflict state-building. Since the condition of the Russian conflict settlement model was pragmatism that is opposite to normative approach of the American policies in conflicts, this experience was not in demand in American foreign policy practice. The number of works by American scholars that include the comparison between the Soviet/Russian and the US campaigns is significantly smaller than the number of papers focusing on Soviet and Russian conduct, let alone their experience of nation-building. The aim of this study is to analyse American academic discourse about the Soviet/Russian experience of conducting low intensity conflicts. In the first part, the authors analyse the key mistakes of the Russian leadership during the campaigns, according to the estimates given by American researchers; the second part examines Russian strategy and its conflict settlement drawing comparison with the American experience. The authors conclude that US adaptation on the basis of Russian experiences in Afghanistan and Chechnya has proved impossible due to normative imperatives dominating American academic papers and policies. These imperatives bind the conflict resolution with the level of sophistication of a given country’s institutions. Perhaps, the vice versa claim could have grounds, yet it exceeds the limits of this study.
Between Berlin and Moscow: Polish Western Thought in the Twenty-Year Interwar Period
Authors: Masnyk Marek
Published: June 2020

This article deals with the professional discussion about the so-called “difficult questions” of Russian history that involves historians and teachers in the now independent republics of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Block. Both academic publications and teaching books are used as primary sources for the study. In the first section, the author studies several problems connected with the origin of Russian statehood, the Varangian question, and civilizational characteristics of East Slavic nations. The second section is devoted to the Russian imperial past and especially to the discourse on colonialism, which is often used as an explanatory model for the imperial period by historians and textbook authors in some of the post-Soviet countries. The third section is concerned with the conception of the 1917 revolution. The author emphasizes the fact that the conception of a continuous revolutionary process (1917–1922) has yet to be accepted by Russian secondary schools. In this part, the author considers several other factors significant for understanding the revolutionary process including issues such as the origins of the First World War and the developmental level of the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century. In the fourth section, the article discusses the conception of the 1930s Soviet modernization along with negative opinions about the Soviet period given by scholars of different former Soviet republics. In the fifth section, the author briefly observes contemporary studies of culture and everyday life. It is concluded that the history of culture is not represented well in Russian school textbooks, and it is also found that the studies on everyday life are often lacking in depth. Discussing various “difficult questions” of Russian history, the author highlights controversial historical ideas and opinions, formulated in the post-Soviet countries during the last decades.
“A Radical Turn”: The Reform of the Soviet System of Public Healthcare
Authors: Zatravkin Sergei , Vishlenkova Elena , Sherstneva Elena
Published: June 2020

While analysing medical statistics from the Russian archives and the political speeches of medical administrators in the 1930s–1940s, the authors of this article discovered a tendency in the development of the healthcare system which was dramatically different from the post-revolutionary era. The reform was ideologically grounded and consistently conducted in the USSR. During this time, the healthcare system was restructured and expanded in order to treat patients in the state’s economic and military interests, which forced doctors to care more about workers’ ability to work and production costs than about people’s health. For this reason, access to free medical care was severely limited for Soviet citizens, but the range of services provided to workers in leading industries was expanded (including the establishment of medical centres in factories, sanatoriums and resorts, day nurseries, etc.). During the prewar decade, the public healthcare system expanded in terms of the number of hospitals, doctors, and patient capacity while reducing the quality of medical care caused by poor training, poor hospital facilities, lack of medicines and instruments, low-quality catering, etc. The authors reach conclusions about this seeming concern about the development of the healthcare system, comparing statistical data, optimistic official reports and revelatory narrative evidence, political debates of medical managers, and the accusations of party leaders. It is established that during the Great Terror (1937), reform critics were repressed and the assessment of state policy prohibited. In the postwar years, the reform of the 1930s was concealed by medical historians inside a ‘grand narrative’ of the past, which described the achievements of the healthcare system as aimed at saving the Soviet people’s lives and health. The only possible and universally accepted approach was a myth about a consistent policy and quality science-based medicine available to everyone. The authors maintain that discourse control over the circulation of historical evidence about prewar healthcare policy made it impossible for researchers to see the discrepancies between politicians’ statements, which were based on selective statistics, and social realities.
Gender specificities of cardiovascular risk factors in students
Authors: Bragina A. E. , Vasilieva L. V. , Druzhinina N. A. , Akhmedova Z. F. , Bragina G. I. , Podzolkov V. I.
Published: June 2020

Aim. To study gender differences in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (RF) among higher education medical students.

Material and methods. We examined 74 men and 143 women studying at higher education medical institution. Behavioral and biological RF were evaluated. Psychoemotional status of participants was evaluated by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Statistical analysis was carried out using the software package Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft Inc).

Results. Among men, a significantly higher percentage of patients with overweight (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2), higher blood pressure (BP), higher level of cholesterol, and smoking were recorded. Among women, a higher percentage of patients with tachycardia, a sedentary lifestyle, impaired sleep quality and falling asleep were recorded. Sleep duration in young women was significantly lower, and the level of anxiety, depression and stress were higher compared to men. Significant relationships between gender and psychological factors have been identified. Among women, correlations of psychological factors with such parameters as heart rate, total cholesterol, falling asleep and sleep quality were revealed. Among men, significant correlations of anxiety with increased BP, stress and exercise, as well as the presence of cardiovascular diseases in the father were revealed.

Conclusion. Gender specificities of RF were revealed: among men — higher frequency of metabolic disorders and higher blood pressure, and among women — psychological factors and low physical activity. It is reasonable to take they into account when developing and implementing individual diagnostic, treatment and prophylactic measures in students.
Management of patients with comorbidity during novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. National Consensus Statement 2020
Authors: Grinevich V. B. , Gubonina I. V. , Doshchitsin V. L. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. , Kravchuk Yu. A. , Ped V. I. , Sas E. I. , Syrov A. V. , Tarasov A. V. , Tarzimanova A. I. , Tkacheva O. N. , Trukhan D. I.
Published: June 2020

The pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), caused by SARS‑CoV‑2, has become a challenge to healthcare systems in all countries of the world. Patients with comorbidity are the most vulnerable group with the high risk of adverse outcomes. The problem of managing these patients in context of a pandemic requires a comprehensive approach aimed both at the optimal management in self-isolated patients not visiting medical facilities, and management of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19. The presented consensus covers these two aspects of managing patients with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal disease, and also pay attention to the multiple organ complications of COVID-19.
On the earliest stage of creation of universe
Authors: Chanda Amitabha
Published: June 2020

Ideas of philosophers and mathematicians regarding creation of universe are discussed. The Big Bang model of the creation of universe is studied in detail. Study has been restricted much before generation of matter. Mathematical study, both deterministically and statistically about
the said period has also been presented. In addition an attempt has been made to extend the Big Bang model to a hierarchy of smaller Big Bangs. Lastly, to develop a pre-Incarceration stage as a mirror image of post-Big Bang stage has been attempted.
Solution of a Solid Traveling Purchaser Problem using Modified Genetic Algorithm and Comparison Crossover Technique
Authors: PARK Gyei-Kark , Roy Arindam
Published: June 2020

In this paper we develops a comparison crossover for Modified genetic algorithm (MGA) to solve a NP hard optimization problem. Here we consider a set of markets, a depot and some products for each of which a positive demand is specified. Each product is made available in a subset of
markets in each of which only a given quantity, less than or equal to the required one, can be purchased at a given unit price. Here, this Traveling purchaser problem (TPP) searches for a cycle starting at and ending to the depot and visiting a subset of markets at a minimum traveling cost,
also we introduce different vehicle to visit different markets say solid TPP (STPP). The effectiveness of our model are illustrated by numerical examples.
MATLAB design & implementation of yback dual active bridge converter using ultra capacitor bank for AIRBUS 787 & AIRBUS 383 applications
Authors: Ghosh Saumyadip
Published: June 2020

The development of All Electric Aircraft has provided new opportunities in the area of electronic devices and power electronics. The purpose of this paper is to compare the properties of soft-switching converter topologies when used to achieve dc-dc conversion at high-power and high-voltage
levels. The circuit investigated in this paper can operate in a soft-switching manner enabling reduction in device switching losses and therewith an increase in switching frequency. ZVS soft-switching region of a DAB converter with arbitrary operating waveforms. The effect of the junction
capacitor of the device and the magnetizing Inductance of the transformer is also analyzed. Through the analysis, a group of waveforms for different loading conditions are identified to maximize the ZVS operating region. The results are verified by simulation using real device models.
Fatih Külliyesi ve Ayasofya-i Kebir Vakfı (Hayır Müesseseleri, Hizmetleri, Görevlileri ve Yönetimi)
Authors: KALA Eyüp Sabri
Published: June 2020

Fetihle birlikte Fatih İstanbul’u hızla yeniden yapılandırmaya başlamıştır. İstanbul

nahiyeler ve bunların altında mahalleler şeklinde idari birimlere ayrılmıştır. Bu nahiye ve

mahallelerin hemen tamamı vakıflar tarafından kurulan vakıf eserler etrafında şekillenmiştir.

Bu durum, Fatih’in İstanbul’un yeniden yapılanmasını vakıflar üzerinden planladığının

göstergesidir.

Fatih kendi kurduğu Fatih Külliyesi ve Ayasofya-i Kebir Vakfı’yla Fatih, Ayasofya

ve Vefa nahiyelerinin bizatihi kurucusu olmuş, vakfın hayır müesseseleri bu nahiyelerin

merkezini teşkil etmiştir. Sur dışında Eyüp Sultan Vakfı’yla da Eyüp Sultan semtinin kurucusu

olmuştur. Fatih beylerine, paşalarına emir ve izin vererek her birinin İstanbul’un

bir yerini belirleyip orada kendi adlarıyla vakıflarını ve mahallelerini kurmalarını teşvik

etmiştir. Kurulan vakıf müesseseleri nahiye ve mahallelerin her tür sosyal hizmetlerini

görecek şekilde planlanmıştır. Bu faaliyetler neticesinde ve kurulan vakıf müesseseleri

sayesinde İstanbul ilim, irfan, kültür, sanat, inanç, sağlık, sosyal dayanışma ve yardımlaşma

ve şehircilik alanlarında İslam medeniyetinin en önemli şehirlerinden biri haline

gelmiştir.

Çalışmamızda, Fatih Sultan Mehmed’in kurduğu Fatih Külliyesi ve Ayasofya-i Kebir

Vakfı’na ait Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi’nde 2202 numarayla kayıtlı vakfiye esas alınarak

vakfın kurmuş olduğu hayır müesseseleri, bu müesseselerin görevlileri, ücretleri,

yapacakları hizmetler, vakfın idamesini sağlayacak akarlar ve vakfın yönetimi ele alınmakta,

vakfın yapmış olduğu bu hizmetlerin sosyal politika açısından değerlendirmesi

yapılmaktadır.
Modern Arap Şiirinde Sembolik Bir Figür Olarak İsâ Mesîh
Authors: USTA İbrahim
Published: June 2020

Edebiyatın önemli akımlarından birisi de sembolizmdir. Bir edebiyat türü olarak

şiirde sembolizm, şairinin “bir takım simgeler çerçevesinde meramını kapalı bir dille

anlatımı” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Klasik Arap edebiyatında çokça örneklerine rastladığımız

bu akım, Arapların Avrupa edebiyatıyla tanışması sonucu tekrar belirgin hale

gelmiştir. İlk olarak Charles Baudelarie ile Avrupa edebiyatında sahneye çıkmış olan

sembolizmin Arap edebiyatına yansıması ise Temmuzî akımla zirveye ulaşmıştır. Arap

toplumundaki gerek gergin siyasi ortam, gerekse şiirlerdeki kapalılık olgusundan kaynaklı

anlam derinliğine ulaşma fikri, birçok şairin bu edebi akıma katılmasına sebebiyet

vermiştir. Sembolizmin en önemli unsuru figürdür. Bu bağlamda modern dönem sembol

figürlerden birisi de hiç şüphesiz İsa Mesih’tir. Mesih sembolü, nesirde Cebrâ İbrahîm

Cebrâ ve Cibrân Halîl Cibrân, şiirde ise Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Halîl Hâvî, Mahmûd Dervîş,

İzzeddîn el-Munâsara, Emel Dunkul ve Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî gibi modern şiir öncüleri

tarafından sıkça dile getirilir olmuştur. Hem Müslüman hem de Hristiyan şairler

ifade etmek istedikleri anlamı Mesih çerçevesinde merhamet, umut, direniş, lider, ızdırap,

özdeşleştirme ve gurbet gibi bazı sembollerle anlatmaya çalışmışlardır.
Sahâbeyle İlişkilendirilen Âyetlerin Şiî Tefsirindeki Ahbârî ve Usûlî Yorumu
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Sabahattin
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada İsnâaşeriyye/İmâmiyye mezhebinin iki düşünce ekolü Ahbâriyye ve

Usûliyye’nin, imâmeti kabul etmemeleri açısından sahâbîlerle ilişkilendirilen ve onların

fazîletine delâlet eden âyetlere yaptıkları yorumlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Mukâyeseli metin

analizi yöntemiyle kaleme alınan çalışmada iki ekolün ilgili âyetlere genelde farklı

açıklamalar getirdikleri görülmüştür. Buna göre çalışmaya konu olan Usûlî müfessirlerin

geneli söz konusu âyetleri siyâkı göz önünde bulundurarak sahâbîlerle ilişkilendirmeden

açıklamışlardır. Ahbârî müfessirler ise âyetleri yorumlarken buralarda anlatılan küfür, nifak

ve dinden dönme gibi kötü durumları sahâbîlere yükleyerek öncelerine ve sonralarına

bakmaksızın âyetlere parçacı ve lafız odaklı okumalar yapmışlardır. Diğer yandan hem

Ahbâri hem de Usûlî müfessirlerin, sahâbenin fazîletine delâlet eden âyetleri bu yönde

değerlendirmedikleri farkedilmiştir.
Yurtta Kalan Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Anksiyete, Sosyal Destek ve Yaşam Doyum Düzeyleri İle Baş Etme Stillerinin İncelenmesi*
Authors: TEMİZ Zahide Tepeli , GÖKÇEK Vahide Ulusoy
Published: June 2020

Kişinin ailesi, arkadaşları veya önem verdiği insanlardan aldığı destek, strese karşı
önemli bir koruyucu mekanizmadır. Koruyucu faktörleri tanımlamaya yönelik çalışmalar,
sosyal destek ve baş etme stratejilerinin kaygıyı azaltmaya yardımcı süreçler olduğuna
dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, yurtta yaşayan üniversite öğrencilerinin
algıladıkları sosyal desteğin ve baş etme stratejilerinin diğer öğrencilerden farklılaşıp
farklılaşmadığını incelemektir. Ayrıca bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşamdan
aldıkları doyumu ve anksiyete düzeylerini yordayan değişkenlerin incelenmesi
amaçlanmaktadır. Örneklem grubu 206 (kadın=89, erkek=116) üniversite öğrencisinden
oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılara Stresle Başa Çıkma Ölçeği, Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği,
Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği ve Beck Anksiyete Envanteri uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları
yurtta kalan öğrencilerin sosyal destek düzeylerinin diğerlerinden farklılaşmadığını
göstermektedir. Baş etme stillerindeki farklılığa bakıldığında ise ailesiyle yaşayan katılımcıların
yurtta yaşayan üniversite öğrencilerinden daha fazla kendine güvenli baş etme
stili kullandıkları görülmektedir. Hiyerarşik regresyon analizi sonuçları, cinsiyet, çaresiz
ve kendine güvenli baş etme stratejileri, algılanan sosyal destek ve anksiyete puanlarının
yaşam doyumu üzerinde anlamlı bir katkı sağladığını göstermektedir. Genç yetişkinlerin
anksiyete puanlarını ise baş etme stratejileri ve yaşamdan aldıkları doyum etkiliyor görünmektedir.
Baş etme stratejilerini geliştirmeye yönelik yapılacak destekleyici çalışmaların
öznel iyi oluşu artırabileceği ve kaygıyı azaltabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Aportes de la educación musical a las personas con discapacidad visual en la promoción de la autodeterminación
Authors: Pérez Valderrama Mónica
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo está basado en un trabajo investigativo, de corte cualitativo, que se aproximó al programa de educación musical Música para ver, con la intencionalidad de develar las transformaciones subjetivas de los participantes entre los años 2014-2016, para reconocer los alcances del programa y potenciar sus estrategias. El estudio fue realizado con 16 adolescentes estudiantes de música con discapacidad visual y sus familias en Medellín - Colombia, y reveló los cambios de los participantes en la construcción de su subjetividad, el desarrollo de sus habilidades, proyecto de vida, vínculos afectivos y la transformación hacia un concepto positivo de la discapacidad en sus familias, a través del aprendizaje de la música. El objetivo del trabajo fue registrar los aprendizajes develados en la investigación y derivados de la reflexión de la investigadora, en torno al fomento de la autodeterminación en la práctica musical de personas con discapacidad visual. Para ello, se desglosa las características y obstáculos para el desarrollo de conductas autodeterminadas, se realiza un acercamiento a los cambios en la normatividad y en los principios de la educación musical que permitieron la inclusión en el aula de música. Finalmente, se sustenta la tesis de que la práctica musical colectiva en un ambiente educativo potencializador favorece el desarrollo de la autodeterminación en personas con discapacidad visual.
Coroas cerâmicas bi-layers: Uma revisão de literatura sobre tipos de cerâmicas, processamento cerâmico e tensão residual
Authors: Moreira Alana Mirely Félix , Borges Cicera Denise Pinheiro Bezerra , Barreto Larissa Araújo Lopes , Grangeiro Manassés Tercio Vieira , De Figueiredo Viviane Maria Gonçalves
Published: June 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: O uso de materiais cerâmicos como estratégia restauradora enfrenta algumas problemáticas, como interferências entre a porcelana e zircônia, sendo a primeira utilizada como cerâmica de cobertura e a segunda como infraestrutura ou coping. OBJETIVO: revisar a literatura sobre coroas cerâmicas bi-layer, através dos tipos de cerâmicas, processamento cerâmico e tensão residual. METODOLOGIA: As bases de dados para esta revisão foram Bireme, Pubmed, Scielo e Bibliotecas Virtuais. As palavras-chaves foram buscadas no Mesh, quanto aos critérios de inclusão são Estudos, Laboratoriais e Clínicos, Revisão Sistemática e Metanálise, artigos científicos e literatura específica sobre o tema, literatura em inglês e português. Já os critérios de exclusão foram carta ao editor, caso clínico e artigo de opinião, literaturas que não abordasse o tema em estudo e artigos que abordem outras cerâmicas odontológicas. A literatura e os artigos foram selecionados por meio de resumos e abstracts. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Tensão residual em coroas cerâmicas bi-layers, com infra-estrutura em zircônia e cobertura em porcelana, ocorrem pela ação de diversos fatores como coeficiente de expansão térmica, velocidade de resfriamento, processamento e espessura da cerâmica de cobertura.
Increased Awareness and Decreased Acceptance of Genome-Editing Technology: The Impact of Chinese Twin Babies v3
Authors: Watanabe Daiki , Saito Yoko , Tsuda Mai , Ohsawa Ryo
Published: June 2020

Genome-editing technology has become increasingly known in recent years, and the 2018 news of genome-edited twins in China had a particularly significant impact on public awareness. In the present study we investigate the effect of Japanese media coverage on public opinions of this technology. To identify the effects we employ a questionnaire survey method on a pre-registered sample from online research company Macromill. Our repeated survey from 2016 through 2019 reveal a generally supportive attitude toward the medical application of genome-editing methods. To see this we employed a multinomial logit analysis examining the determinants of negative and positive impressions of the technology. Results show that although editing for medical purposes remained mostly acceptable, its use in fertilizing human eggs was increasingly rejected, especially in 2019, the most recent sample year. The suggestion is that while genome-editing applications in general medical fields are publicly accepted, its use in human functionality enhancement is heavily increasingly resisted. News of the twin babies in China did raise public awareness of the methods but also damaged their reputation. It therefore is important for genome researchers to hold such concerns in mind, keeping the public informed of changing technology fundamentals. As a related question we ask into the public acceptability of genome editing for animal and plant breeding, such as in agriculture and fisheries, as well. We find the Japanese public views the medical and breeding applications of this technology to be unconnected with each other, despite that awareness of both has risen significantly in recent years.
A thematic analysis of sexist Bollywood songs
Authors: Siddiqi Nasrina
Published: June 2020

Music is a core constituent of human civilization which reflects the socio-cultural configuration of a society at a given point of time. With proven effects of music on mental and physical health, researchers have now started studying it as a therapeutic technique. While listening to songs can cure stress and many other psychological infirmities, inappropriate lyrical content can impact listeners’ attitudes and behaviors negatively. Studies have so far focused on the content structure and implicit elements of lyrics while the probable individual and societal consequences of the same remain less explored and understood. Guided by this objective, the present study is an attempt to explore how sexist lyrics can be instrumental in propagating regressive patriarchal values and sexism. The investigation involves Thematic Analysis of nine Bollywood songs, with explicitly sexist lyrics, chosen through purposive sampling technique. Results reveal that sexist lyrics may be contributory in increasing audience’s tolerance for sexism by creating a power imbalance between the two sexes, normalizing objectification, misogyny and stalking and fostering gender stereotypes. Implications of the study are duly discussed.
“Yo lo que Quiero es Trabajar”. Hombres que Trabajan en el Sector del Cuidado Social
Authors: Puerta Yolanda Bodoque
Published: June 2020

En este artículo exploramos las experiencias y percepciones de los hombres en trabajos de cuidado en España para comprender las razones por las que se introdujeron en este sector laboral, porqué continúan, cómo se perciben y en qué medida el género importa en sus experiencias laborales. Utilizamos datos de la investigación cualitativa que estamos realizando en Cataluña (España) sobre hombres cuidadores. Este texto se basa en 31 entrevistas semiestructuradas a trabajadores del sector del cuidado social. Nuestros resultados muestran que la crisis económica ha conducido a que hombres autóctonos entren a trabajar en un sector poco cualificado como es el de los cuidados, modificando así el proceso de estratificación basado en género, clase y migración. Descubrimos que la "escalera de cristal" tiene un efecto muy limitado en el trabajo de cuidado ya que las ventajas que disfrutan los hombres solo se relacionan con la facilidad con la que acceden a dichos trabajos. Finalmente, encontramos que los hombres cuidadores negocian su masculinidad a través de la tensión entre las normas culturales y de clase que les obligan a tener un trabajo y las características subvaloradas o feminizadas de su trabajo.
Official Discourse on Family and Fatherhood in Post-1949 China
Authors: Tan Tingting
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to investigate three main research questions regarding the history of family and fatherhood in China since 1949: a) What 'ideal father' has the party-state sought to promote at different times? b) How consistent have official messages been? What have been the key shifts in official discourse on family and fatherhood since the Mao era? c) Why have these shifts occurred? Analysis of selected policy statements and print media reveal four main phases, with distinct findings in each. During the period of collectivization (1950s to 70s), the Communist Party of China (CPC) adopted the nationalist model of parenting. Fathers were explicitly suggested to devote themselves to economic development. During the period of de-collectivization (late 1970s to mid-1990s), CPC adopted an individualist model of parenting. There was increasing encouragement for father's participant in child education. During the period of marketization (mid 1990s to 2011), CPC promoted a state-supported model of parenting. Father's active participation in household duties was more expected. During the period of individualization (2012 to the present), China set up community model of parenting. Father's dual role of nurturer and provider is more emphasized.
“Inside the Head and Out in the World”. An Approach to Deep Teaching and Learning
Authors: Esteban-Guitart Moises , Gee James
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we will argue that to understand deep learningwe need to accept that such learning is profoundly tied to teachingand that it takes place in situated and distributed affinity spaces, being both teaching and learning a socio-mental processes. We shall outline what, in our view, are the key elements of deep learning. We will also describe a theoretical approach called the “Deep Teaching and Learning Model” (DTLM). How this model is developed and sustained remains a central question for future research in educational research, and we conclude by identifying some of the challenges faced by formal schooling arising from the new, modern affinity spaces that we believe now make up the present-day geography of deep learning.
Rural online learning in the context of COVID 19 in South Africa: Evoking an inclusive education approach
Authors: Dube Bekithemba
Published: June 2020

This paper discusses the challenges faced by rural learners in South Africa in the context of the world pandemic commonly known as COVID-19. Rural learners face unprecedented challenges in adjusting to a new mode of life and learning, the latter being characterised by the predominant use of online, learning management systems and low-tech applications. The paper is informed by critical emancipatory research, I used participatory action research. A total of 10 learners and five teachers participated via Whatsapp. The paper answers two questions: what are the learning challenges faced by rural learners in South Africa, and how can online learning be enhanced in the context of COVID-19? The findings suggest that, while the South African government is promoting online learning as the only alternative in the context of COVID-19, this mode excludes many rural learners from teaching and learning, due to a lack of resources to connect to the internet, the learning management system, and low-tech software. The paper argues that rural learners are critical stakeholders in education and in the fight against COVID-19, and they cannot be left behind in efforts to fight the pandemic.
Do Education System Characteristics Moderate the Socioeconomic, Gender and Immigrant Gaps in Math and Science Achievement?
Authors: Bodovski Katerina , Munoz Ismael , Byun Soo-yong , Chykina Volha
Published: June 2020

Using data from the 2011 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study for 45 countries, we examined the size of socioeconomic, gender, and immigrant status related gaps, and their relationships with education system characteristics, such as differentiation, standardization, and proportion of governmental spending on education. We find that higher socioeconomic status is positively and significantly associated with higher math and science achievement; immigrant students lag behind their native peers in both math and science, with first generation students faring worse than second generation; and girls show lower math performance than boys. A higher degree of differentiation makes socioeconomic gaps larger in both math and science achievement, whereas higher governmental spending reduces socioeconomic achievement gaps.
La Dependencia a las Redes Sociales Virtuales y el Clima Escolar en la Violencia de Pareja en la Adolescencia
Authors: Muñiz-Rivas María , Callejas-Jerónimo Juan Evaristo , Povedano-Díaz Amapola
Published: June 2020

En este estudio se analizaron las relaciones entre la dependencia a las redes sociales virtuales, el clima escolar y la violencia de pareja online en adolescentes desde una perspectiva de género. La muestra estuvo formada por 919 adolescentes escolarizados de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía (52.4% chicas) con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y los 18 años (M= 16.12; DT= .99) que indicaron tener o haber tenido pareja en el último año. Se establecieron dos grupos de contraste: adolescentes violentos (8.8%) y no violentos (91.2%) con sus parejas (o exparejas) en el espacio online y se realizaron análisis multivariados (MANOVAS). Los resultados obtenidos en el estudio mostraron que el grupo de adolescentes violentos puntuaron significativamente más alto en dependencia a Internet y obtuvieron puntuaciones más bajas en clima escolar (implicación, afiliación y percepción de ayuda del profesor). Asimismo, los análisis inter-género revelaron que existen diferencias significativas en la dependencia y la percepción de ayuda del profesor entre chicos y chicas. En la discusión se plantea el alcance de los resultados y su implicación en la prevención de este tipo de violencia.
A cell model of heat conduction in multi-layer medium with variable number of the layers
Authors: Mizonov V.Е. , Mitrofanov A.V. , Basova E.V. , Shuina E.А.
Published: June 2020

The heat conduction is an important part of heat transfer processes in power engineering, civil engineering, chemical technologies, etc. Variety of researches is devoted to theoretical and experimental study of the heat transfer by the heat conduction. At present, the considerable attention is concentrated on the heat conduction in media with variable boundaries (the so-called Stephan’s problem). A reason of a boundary motion can be burning-out of material, its wear, its melting with carry-over of a melt, other physic-chemical processes. Analytical solutions to the Stephan’s problem exist only after far-going assumptions, which lead to the loss of their practical value. The development of effective numerical methods of its solution becomes an actual scientific and practical problem. Such methods are to combine universality and physical clearness and convenience for engineering practice. In order to solve the problem, the method of mathematical modeling is used. The model uses the mathematical tools of the theory of Markov chains. It is adapted to the cell model of a medium, in which the number of cells can vary due to this or that mechanism of the edge cells interaction with outside medium. The heat transfer by the heat conduction and the heat interaction with the heat sources are described by the classical heat balance equations. The study of the influence of parameters on the process is performed by numerical methods. A mathematical model that allows describing transient heat processes in a multi-layer medium with variable number of layers is developed. The results of heat process calculation inside a plane wall with the moving boundary form the heat source side due to the boundary thermal distruction at a certain critical temperature are presented. The obtained results are physically consistent and approve the model workability. The principle differences between the heat processes in the walls with immovable and movable boundaries are found. It is shown that the temperature in a wall with moving boundary does not overbalance the critical temperature of the thermal distraction when the wall still exists, and the rate of the wall dimension decrease is growing with its dimension decrease.