bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Control System of Linear Induction Accelerator for X-Ray Radiography
Authors: Batrakov Aleksandr M. , Logatchev Pavel V. , Pavlenko Anton V. , Sazansky Vladislav Ya. , Fatkin Georgy A.
Published: December 2021

The structure and hardware of control system for flash X-Ray radiography complex currently under construction in BINP, SB RAS are discussed in this paper. Special features of this control system are: high amount of channels, nanosecond times of main processes, work in environment of powerful noises from pulsed high-voltage devices
The Phonon Density of States of Solids from the Experimental Heat Capacity
Authors: Naumov Viktor , Tagaev Alimbek , Musikhin Anatoliy
Published: December 2021

The new method of determining the spectrum phonon density of states g(ω) from the experimental data in the heat capacity C(T), obtained in the wide temperature interval is suggested. At the primary stage g(ω) is described in symptomless ones (near zero and limit frequencies). The parameters can be determined from the C(T) curve. So the obtained zero coming for the phonon density of states g(ω) is made by the iteration process when the redistribution in the frequencies of the vibrating modes of the zero coming is done. The iteration process is connected with the difference reduction in the made and experimental heat capacity and managed by the redistribution of the vibrating modes. The method is viewed for the number of the model spectra with different degree of complication. The obtained results show the possibility of the singling out three peaks in g(ω) with the right description of their form. The phonon density of states for aluminum is determined and the comparison with the investigation results represented in the list of literature is done
Controlling of the Streamline of Elements of the Airplane by Means of the External Energy Supply
Authors: Aulchenko Sergey , Zamuraev Vladimir , Kalinina Anna
Published: December 2021

The studies of acting of pulsed-periodic energy supply on the transonic flow regimes of streamline of the body of revolution were performed for different models of the energy source. The possibility of a significant restructuring of the flow, which can serve as a basis for effective control of streamline of as a whole aircraft and its components was demonstrated
Suppression of the Field Shift of Ramsey Resonance on Forbidden Transitions of Atoms and Ions
Authors: Tabatchikova Kristina , Taichenachev Alexey , Yudin Valeriy
Published: December 2021

We perform a theoretical analysis of the Ramsey scheme with pulses of different duration and with a phase step in the second pulse with account for the finite width of laser line. We define optimum features of pulses that correspond to maximum suppression of the field shift and maximum amplitude of resonance for both schemes. Ramsey scheme with a phase step in the second pulse provides effective suppression of the field shift and it is less sensitive to the Rabi frequency fluctuations in comparison with Ramsey scheme with pulses of different duration. First experiments on ytterbium single-ion optical clock (Germany, PTB) confirm theoretical predictions
Self-Similarity of Protein Folding Flows
Authors: Kalgin I. , Chekmarev Sergey
Published: December 2021

The problem of how a protein folds into its functional (native) state is one of the central problems of molecular biology, which attracts the attention of researchers from biology, physics and chemistry for many years. Of particular interest are general properties of the folding process, because the mechanisms of folding of different proteins can be essentially different. Previously, in the study of folding of fyn SH3 domain, we found that despite all the diversity and complexity of individual folding trajectories, the folding flows possess a well pronounced property of self-similarity, with a fractal character of the flow distributions. In the present paper, we study this phenomenon for another protein – beta3s, which is essentially different from the SH3 domain in its structure and folding kinetics. Also, in contrast to the fyn SH3 domain, for which a coarse-grained representation was used, we perform simulations on the atomic level of resolution. We show that the self-similarity and fractality of folding flows are observed is this case too, which suggests that these properties are characteristic of the protein folding dynamics
Analisis Penerapan Project Based Learning Approach dalam Pembelajaran On-Line dimasa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Kurniawati Tri , Sahrawi Sahrawi
Published: December 2021

Project based learning merupakan suatu pendekatan yang menekankan peserta didik sebagai student-centred dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dimana mahasiswa semester 2 menjadi sample penelitian yang dipilih secara purposive. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa terhadap penerapan pendekatan project based learning serta efek terhadap mahasiswa dalam kelas public speaking yang dilaksanakan secara online. Data dalam penelitan ini dikumpulkan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan analisis dokumen. Terdapat 12 mahasiswa yang menjadi partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa memberikan respon yang positif terhadap penggunaan pendekatan project based learning. Mereka merasa dapat belajar sambil mengerjakan tugas. Penggunaan pendekatan ini membuat mahasiswa menjadi termotivasi dalam mengikuti perkuliahan, kemampuan mereka menjadi lebih baik dalam autonomous learning, menyusun ide atau tugas, bekerjasama dengan teman, menyampaikan ide kepada orang lain atau komunikasi, dan memecahkan masalah. Tetapi ada beberapa kendala yang harus diminimalisir yaitu besarnya biaya penggunaan kuota, jaringan yang tidak stabil, serta mahasiswa yang terkadang bosan karena harus menatap layar HP atau laptop sepanjang pembelajaran.
Spatial and temporal assessment of climate impact on agriculture in plateau region, India
Authors: NAVEEN P. SINGH  , BHAWNA ANAND  , K.V. RAO  , RANJITH P.C.
Published: December 2021

Using large-scale district-level data, the study examined the impact of climate change on crop yields during the period 1966-2011and predictsthe likely changes in yield sacross agro-climatic zones in Plateau Region. The future projections reveal that by 2080s, cotton yield is expected to decline by 7.18 percent in Western Plateau & Hills.By the end of the century, sorghum yield is projected to decline up to 19 percent in Central Plateau & Hills and increase by 18 percent in Western Plateau & Hills. Under midterm period, rapeseed & mustard yield is likely to reduce by 3.44 percent in Western Plateau & Hills. By 2050s maize yield is expected to reduce by 3.33 percent in Central Plateau & Hills. By 2080s, wheat yield is projected to decline by 5.44, percent in SouthernPlateau & Hills. The results suggest that impact of climate change on crop yield varies across regions, hence it is pertinent to formulate adaptation strategies and farm practices suitable to the crop and location specific needs that mitigate the likely exposure of food production and livelihoods to climate variations.
A Genre Analysis of Research Article Abstracts in Linguistics and Engineering: a Cross Disciplinary Study Based on a Contrastive Analysis of Micro Structures
Authors: Galaidin Andrii
Published: December 2021

The significance of a research article abstract has recently turned the focus of linguistics on the Genre analysis of abstract articles. Taking into account this wide research topic, this study aims at investigating the micro structures in the linguistics and engineering abstracts. In the previous studies, this comparison has not been addressed by the researches, hence the present study aims to fill in the gap. The corpus contained 30 abstracts, 15 of linguistics and 15 of engineering. The micro analysis was carried out on the basis of Swales and Feak’s (2009) model. The results revealed that there was no very significant difference between the linguistics and engineering abstracts at the micro level. This study is deemed to be beneficial for the researchers as it provides a framework of analyzing two different disciplines in terms of their abstracts.
Uusi maksa, uusi elämä. Kirurgi Krister Höckerstedt keskustelee elämänvalinnoistaan Mardy Lindqvistin kanssa
Authors: Lindqvist Mardy
Published: December 2021

Huippukirurgi ja maailmankuulu tutkija.Ihmisen maksa on noin 1,5 kiloa painava elin, jolla on lukemattomia elintärkeitä tehtäviä. Kun Krister Höckerstedt alkoi tutkia elintä 1970-luvun puolivälissä, ei hänellä ollut aavistustakaan, miten kiehtovalle tielle hän oli päätynytkään. Jo vuonna 1982 hän suoritti Suomen ensimmäisen maksansiirron, josta tuli myös ensimmäinen laatuaan pohjoismaissa. Tähän mennessä yli 1200 kuolemansairasta on saanut uuden maksan – sekä vuosia lisää elinaikaa!Krister kertoo elämänvalinnoistaan vapautuneesti Mardy Linqvistille tässä haastattelukirjassa. Hänestä tuli lääkäri vastoin kaikkia odotuksia, mutta vankka määrätietoisuus ja intohimoinen työskentely muovasivat hänestä huippukirurgin ja maailmankuulun tutkijan, jolla on merkittävän suuri kansainvälinen kontaktiverkosto. Hän ei tosin ole välttynyt vastoinkäymisiltä, mistä hän myös kertoo.”Mutta olen ollut onnekas saadessani tehdä työtä, joka on joka päivä ollut mielenkiintoista – hyvässä ja pahassa!”
Wilhelm Ramsay. Livslång vandring i Fennoskandia
Authors: Sundholm Franciska
Published: December 2021

Wilhelm Ramsay (1865–1928) är en av våra mest kända geologer, upphovsman till begreppet Fennoskandia. Han beskev också Finlands maritima gränser under kvartärtid. Genom att förnya undervisning och forskning i geologi och mineralogi lade han grunden för den moderna geologiska forskningen i Finland.

 

Boken beskriver Wilhelm Ramsays liv och gärning, hans familj och hans stora krets av släktingar, vänner och kolleger, hans omfattande studier utomlands och hans många och långa resor till Kolahalvön och i ryska Karelen.

 

Ramsay blev mycket uppskattad av samtiden, han beskrivs som en vänsäll, humoristisk och rättfram medmänniska. Brev och anteckningar av Ramsay citeras och hans forskningsresultat refereras. Boken är rikligt illustrerad med Ramsays och hans elevers fotografier från de många och långa resorna.
Sphinx årsbok 2019-2020
Authors: Janhunen Juha
Published: December 2021

Sphinx årsbok 2019-2020
About the Relationship Between the Crimes Under Articles 194 and 346 of the Bulgarian Criminal Code (Some Conclusions)
Authors: Petrov Petar
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the problems that often arise when applying Art. 194, Para. 1, as well as Art. 346, Para. 1 of the Bulgarian Criminal Code. Particular attention is paid to the subject of Art. 346, Para. 1. In this regard, a proposal has been made for a new wording of the criminal seizure of motor vehicles with the intention of use. With reference to the theft, an attempt has been made to reassess the significance of the appropriative intent in its composition.
Sintiencia animal: Necesidad de un reconocimiento jurídico material, y sus implicaciones teóricas y prácticas
Authors: Valdés Juan Diego
Published: December 2021

Los animales no humanos que ostentan la calidad de seres sintientes, son sujetos de consideración moral y, por tanto, titulares de derechos morales. Esto debe reflejarse en el mundo del derecho, que debe reconocer jurídicamente esa sintiencia, lo que hace necesaria la edificación una categoría jurídica propia para ellos, que los defina jurídicamente, y les reconozca unos derechos mínimos inviolables que se derivan, necesariamente, de la condición biológica de seres sintientes, a saber: el derecho a la vida, a la libertad, a la integridad y a la dignidad. Para sustentar lo anterior, estudiamos el concepto de sintiencia y sus implicaciones, de manera general, para luego hacerlo desde el punto de vista jurídico, para lo que se hace un repaso sobre los conceptos de persona y sujeto de derecho, a efectos de verificar la idoneidad, o no, de estos para incluir a los animales no humanos. Posteriormente hacemos un análisis jurisprudencial sobre la materia en distintos países, para luego revisar el caso concreto de la legislación y jurisprudencia colombiana. Finalmente, exponemos algunas consecuencias prácticas que debería tener el reconocimiento jurídico de la sintiencia de los animales no humanos, con relación a actividades que implican su explotación, y señalamos ciertos elementos de las relaciones laborales entre humanos que pueden extrapolarse a algunas de las relaciones existentes entre los seres humanos y otros animales, y, a partir de ello, planteamos la posibilidad de la creación de un sistema de seguridad social que cubra las contingencias a las que pueden verse sometidos algunos animales con fundamento en estas relaciones.
Validación de una escala de percepciones acerca del estatus jurídico atribuido a los animales no humanos
Authors: González Marino Israel , Covarrubias Apablaza Carmen Gloria , Acosta Antognoni Hedy
Published: December 2021

La revisión de la literatura muestra un amplio desarrollo teórico acerca de los enfoques de regulación y protección jurídica de los animales no humanos, así como del estatus jurídico que se les atribuye. No obstante, las investigaciones que indagan en las actitudes y percepciones de la comunidad en relación a dicha temática constituyen un área incipiente de exploración. Este estudio tiene por objetivo diseñar y validar una escala de percepciones acerca del estatus jurídico atribuido a los animales no humanos. Para ello, se sigue una metodología cuantitativa, de tipo exploratoria-descriptiva, no experimental y transversal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 639 sujetos, los que responden un instrumento de 26 ítems distribuidos en tres variables: a) percepciones ético-jurídicas acerca de los animales no humanos en general, b) percepciones acerca de los derechos de los animales no humanos según su destino atribuido, y c) aceptación de la satisfacción de necesidades humanas según destino distribuido a animales no humanos. Los análisis a los datos revelaron fiabilidades de .84, .97 y .90, así como explicaciones de varianza de 54,3%, 83,1% y 56,7% para cada una de las variables de la escala. Se concluye que la escala es original y novedosa, además de válida y fiable para evaluar las percepciones que tiene la comunidad con respecto al estatus jurídico atribuido a los animales no humanos. Se discuten implicancias y prácticas del estudio.
Los demás animales como miembros de la comunidad política: superando el antropocentrismo constitucional a través de la paz como fin del Derecho
Authors: González Marino Israel , Becerra Valdivia Katherine
Published: December 2021

El “giro político” del movimiento animalista ha cuestionado el antropocentrismo constitucional que excluye a los demás animales -los no humanos-. Este trabajo reflexiona acerca de la consideración de los animales no humanos en tanto miembros de nuestras comunidades estatales, revisando para ello el concepto de constitución y su rol en relación a la paz como fin último del Derecho. Desde una comprensión profunda de nuestras relaciones con las demás formas de vida, es innegable que humanos y no humanos somos habitantes del planeta, y que en muchos casos conformamos comunidad e incluso familia. Tal circunstancia es razón suficiente para que los textos constitucionales incorporen y protejan a los demás animales, dado que por su carácter de seres sintientes, sus vidas también se ven afectadas por el poder político y estatal. Esta nueva visión también impone nuevas obligaciones al Estado y un cambio en las relaciones de poder de los particulares hacia los demás animales.
Práticas pedagógicas na medida socioeducativa de internação da fundação casa (SP): análise documental
Authors: Nogueira Rivanil Rubens , Pereira Almunita dos Santos Ferreira , Oliveira Rita de Cássia Alves
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar as práticas pedagógicas propostas na medida socioeducativa de internação para adolescentes em situação de privação de liberdade, com foco nos documentos estatais norteadores das condutas diárias, notadamente na Fundação Casa (São Paulo) e no Centro Socioeducativo Tamoios (São José dos Campos, SP). A análise documental, metodologia utilizada neste trabalho e realizada sob a perspectiva  da legislação federal que trata do tema, o ECA e o SINASE, abarca os documentos produzidos nos níveis estadual, municipal e local, entre 2006 e 2019, tendo em vista a escolarização formal, arte e cultura, esporte e lazer, profissionalização social.
Joga pedra na Geni: a escola é feita pra apanhar, ela é boa de cuspir! (?)
Authors: Freitas Filho Luciano Carlos Mendes
Published: December 2021

Opero nesse texto com a ideia de pensar a escola brasileira contemporânea, sobretudo a pública, a partir da personagem Geni, da canção “Geni e o Zepelim” de Chico Buarque de Hollanda. Trata-se de uma analogia com a intenção de problematizarmos as investidas atuais voltadas a essa instituição, a partir de demandas políticas de grupos sociais diversos, na tentativa de controle dos significantes currículo e docência, na luta pela fixação de sentidos hegemônicos do que entendem por escola democrática. Esse texto faz parte de estudos desenvolvidos no campo pós-estruturalista, sobretudo relacionado às políticas curriculares, e aposta na escola enquanto espaço-tempo em meio a processos de subjetivação e vivências de experiências contínuas, um espaço em que emergem zonas de escape e/ou atos de resistências na busca de se permitir ser espaço do plural, de ser enquanto Geni, sendo o que é na diferença, “em sua dor e delícia”. Por mais que haja uma posição privilegiada dos formuladores da política, instituindo-se em macropoder, entretanto, no chão da escola, os sujeitos da educação (estudantes, professores, técnicos e auxiliares administrativos) reconfiguram e/ou recontextualizam a política no contexto da prática escolar.
A utilização de produções cinematográficas na formação inicial de professores
Authors: Eleotério Valdênia Rodrigues Fernandes
Published: December 2021

Esse artigo versa sobre formação inicial de licenciados e prática pedagógica. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi analisar as implicações que a utilização de produções cinematográficas na formação inicial de professores traz a sua prática pedagógica. A pesquisa é qualitativa, o instrumento utilizado para a coleta de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são dois professores que atuam nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental em uma instituição pública da região centro-oeste. Os principais resultados indicam que a utilização de filmes na formação inicial desses professores trouxeram implicações positivas uma vez que os docentes utilizam esse recurso didático-pedagógico cotidianamente em suas práticas como um possível caminho para fomentar a aprendizagem, a inclusão e a resolução de conflitos presentes em sala de aula.
Effect of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on different stages of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae)
Authors: Ahmed Maha Moustafa , Mady Heba Yehia , El Namaky Amira Hassan
Published: December 2021

The sand fly, Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli, 1786) (Diptera: Psychodidae), is the main vector of Leishmania major Yakimoff and Schokhor, 1914, the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis North Africa, the Middle East, and North Sinai. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fungi on P. papatasi larvae, pupae, and adults using light microscopic analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and histopathological studies. Specifically, larvae, pupae, and adult P. papatasi were infected with the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Scanning electron microscope and histopathological methods were used to investigate the destructive impact of the fungi on the external and internal structures of P. papatasi. The results revealed propagation of the conidia on the cuticles of all P. papatasi life stages, including on the compound eyes, leg setae, thorax, wings, and abdomen of the adults. Histological sections of the control and treated larvae, pupae, and adults showed many alterations and malformations in the body and tissues of all life stages after 72 h. These results demonstrated that B. bassiana was more effective than M. anisopliae as a biological control of phlebotomine sand flies. Further studies to determine the best methods for delivery and application in the diverse ecological settings of the various leishmaniasis vectors are recommended.
Management of post-production wood waste in the aspect of circular economy
Authors: Komorowicz Magdalena , Janiszewska Dominika , Wróblewska Hanna , Stuper-Szablewska Kinga
Published: December 2021

Management of post-production wood waste in the aspect of circular economy. Sustainable resource management involves turning waste into resources. The estimation of various waste streams and their potential use as secondary raw materials underlies the circular economy. The management of wood waste in terms of the Circular Economy should assume material use of this waste before energy use. One of the possibilities of material management of this waste is the use of biological treatment through composting. Input materials for the composting process should have technological and physical-chemical characteristics, respectively. The aim of this study was to characterize the wood raw material (wood waste as a by-product) and qualify it for the composting process on the basis of its composition. Based on the literature research, it was found that there is possibility of using these wastes for management through biological disposal. The obtained composts from wood waste can be used as a raw material to supply the soil with humic substances and mineral compounds.
Uticaj razvoja scienciometrije na izgled i funkcionisanje sistema nauke u svijetu i pojedinim državama
Authors: Zerem Enver , Kunosić Suad
Published: December 2021

Društveni značaj i kvalitet naučnog istraživanja u velikoj mjeri ovise o korisnosti rezultata istraživanja za društvenu i naučnu zajednicu. Nedostatak sredstava i želja da se sredstva dodijele visokokvalitetnim istraživanjima čine sve značajnijim procjenu kvaliteta istraživanja i valorizaciju znanja. Međutim, vrlo je teško primijeniti kriterije koji mogu objektivno procijeniti naučna istraživanja, pružajući precizne kvalitativne i kvantitativne podatke na kojima bi agencije za finansiranje mogle temeljiti svoje odluke. Proizvod naučnog istraživanja uglavnom su informacije objavljene u naučnim časopisima. One su temelj širenja znanja i osnovni kriterij za akademsku i naučnu evaluaciju, regrutovanje sredstava za naučna istraživanja i napredovanje u karijeri. Pored evaluacije naučnih publikacija, postoji širok spektar drugih aktivnosti koji odražavaju naučni kredibilitet znanstvenika, kao što su: broj i kvalitet grantova za naučnoistraživačke projekte, liderstvo u nacionalnim ili međunarodnim akademskim društvima, članstvo u redakcijama uglednih časopisa, mentorstva u doktorskim disertacijama i slično. Mada su te aktivnosti važne i daju kredibilitet znanstveniku, relevantni scientimetrijski sistemi pokrivaju samo publikacije, izostavljajući druge kriterije od naučne važnosti, u ocjenjivanju prilikom akademskog napredovanja znanstvenika, kao i konkursima za dobijanje grantova za finansijsku potporu naučnim istraživanjima. Razlog tome je činjenica da su ove aktivnosti, bez obzira na važnost, vrlo heterogene, sa specifičnim karakteristikama i zahtijevaju veoma raznolike parametre za ocjenu. Stoga, za ove aktivnosti ne postoje univerzalni kriterijumi vrednovanja i njihov se kvalitet, uglavnom, procjenjuje individualno, ovisno o namjeni procjene. Bez obzira na manjkavosti, sistemi rangiranja univerziteta su važni komparativni parametri za procjenu kvaliteta naučne i edukativne vrijednosti univerziteta.
NOTAS SOBRE O ESTUDO DO DIREITO NA ÉPOCA CLÁSSICA: integração entre o natural e o positivo em Platão e São Tomás de Aquino
Authors: Cunha Rodrigo Correa da
Published: December 2021

Problema perene da Filosofia do Direito, as relações entre o Direito Natural e o Direito Positivo são frequentemente objeto de interpretações disjuntivas. Nas universidades, hoje predomina a visão juspositivista da famosa tese da separação entre o Direito e a Moral, enquanto autores jusnaturalistas tampouco bem interpretam o positivismo jurídico. Nesse contexto, situa-se uma lacuna de pesquisa possível de ser pesquisada: uma nova perspectiva das relações entre o Direito Natural e o Direito Positivo, a partir das origens dessa questão filosófico-jurídica. Com base nas doutrinas de Platão e de São Tomás de Aquino, este artigo pretende revisitar o problema, mediante um exame introdutório das relações entre o justo natural e a legislação dos homens. A investigação foca o início da Antiguidade e o final da Idade Média, período que engloba a formatação dos cânones da Civilização Ocidental. A pesquisa empregou os métodos bibliográfico e dialético. Os resultados apontam que o Direito Natural e o Direito Positivo devem ser examinados de modo articulado. A contribuição do estudo é o apontamento de chaves interpretativas sobre o tema, destinadas a superar a dicotomia excludente que há nas discussões envolvendo o jusnaturalismo e o juspositivismo. Pesquisas futuras sobre esse tópico também poderiam explorar e enriquecer essa avaliação.
Sobre a tradução em Jacques Derrida
Authors: Santos Thaís Fernandes dos
Published: December 2021

Busca-se refletir, nesta exposição, acerca das contribuições do pensamento de Jacques Derrida (1930-2004), a herança teórica do autor associada à Filosofia e à Literatura, na tentativa de compreender importantes conceitos, como escritura, ilegibilidade, jogo, perdão e, sobretudo, noções de relevância e de fidelidade em tradução. Parte-se, para tanto, de excertos do livro intitulado Gramatologia (1999) e de artigos e ensaios críticos, dentre eles, O que é uma tradução ‘relevante’? (2000), nos quais observa-se as preocupações filosóficas do pensador franco-argelino e a questão da quase intraduzibilidade, como um acontecimento da linguagem humana.
Assessment of the Degree of Implementation of Industry 4.0 Technologies: Case Study of Murcia Region in Southeast Spain
Authors: Guerrero González Antonio , Robles Quiñonero Daniel , Fraile Vega Samuel
Published: December 2021

This work analyzes how the so-called Industry 4.0 technologies are being implemented in companies in the Region of Murcia, in Southeastern Spain. The objective was to determine through questionnaires and face-to-face interviews the current state of 4.0 technologies in Murcia, including additional data of the companies, such as age, number of employees and turnover. Most types of companies in the Region were represented in terms of size, age, turnover, profits and profitability. This study analyzes the relationship between the degree of implementation of 4.0 technologies, investment and training of workers, with companies’ seniority, number of employees, turnover, profits and profitability. The results obtained are significantly higher in companies with higher turnover, profits and profitability, which in turn, have the best levels of investment and training of their workers in 4.0 technologies. The opinions of the companies determined the factors that drove the companies to implement these technologies, the factors perceived as barriers, the opportunities in the current context that encourage the adoption of technologies, as well as the threats that may jeopardize their progress in digital transformation. The conclusions obtained can be taken into account in regional policies that implement appropriate actions to help drive the fourth industrial revolution in the region.
Impact of the Economic Stimulus Measures on Lithuanian Real Estate Market under the Conditions of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Pilinkienė Vaida , Stundziene Alina , Stankevičius Evaldas , Grybauskas Andrius
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a number of challenges worldwide regarding not only the human health perspective, but also the economic situation. Quarantine, imposed in many countries, forced a substantial part of businesses to close or narrow down their activities, thus leaving corporations and employees without any or with lower income. If national governments had not undertaken any actions to save national economies, the consequences could have been even more devastating. The real estate market is an important part of economy. Instability in the real estate market can cause financial problems, vulnerability of population’s welfare and other negative effects. This research aims to assess the impact of the economic stimulus measures on the real estate market under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania. The research methods include comparative analysis, correlation analysis, stationarity test, regression analysis and the ARDL models. The results indicate that the economic stimulus measures only partially contribute to stabilization of the real estate market in Lithuania. The drop in housing prices was 2.9 percent lower because of the economic stimulus in the second quarter of 2020. Maintenance of household cash and deposits as well as lending to business enterprises are the measures that allow to stabilize the real estate market in the shortest time under the conditions of the economic shock. The other governmental support measures are also important, especially if they are aimed at preserving jobs.
E-banking Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty: Evidence from Serial Mediation through Modified E-S-QUAL Model and Second-Order PLS-SEM
Authors: Ahmed Rizwan Raheem , Streimikiene Dalia , Channar Zahid Ali , Soomro Riaz Hussain , Streimikis Justas
Published: December 2021

This research aims to measure the service quality of e-banking through e-customer satisfaction & e-customer loyalty in the Islamic e-banking sector of Pakistan. For this purpose, we modified the multiple-item scale (E-S-QUAL) model with two new dimensions: availability of online system and personal needs of customers. Additionally, we added two mediators, for instance, religiosity and trust in the Islamic e-banking perspective. We have collected 674 responses from the consumers of the Islamic banking sector of Pakistan through a structured questionnaire. The data were analysed through second-order PLS-SEM (PLS-structural equation modeling) to examine direct and serial mediation. The direct relationship results showed a positive and compelling effect of modified E-S-QUAL dimensions on e-customer satisfaction. Additionally, the e-customer satisfaction has an affirmative and significant association with e-customer loyalty. Moreover, the serial mediation relationship results exhibited that the e-customer satisfaction, trust, and religiosity mediated the modified dimensions of the E-S-QUAL model and e-customer loyalty.
Prevention of Littering through Improved Visual Design
Authors: Johannes Hendro Putra , Maulana Rheza , Herdiansyah Herdis
Published: December 2021

Littering is a daunting environmental issue that occurs daily; the impact of littering can range from lowering the aesthetic appeal of a city to polluting waterways and biomes. Littering persists on a collective and individual level despite the existence of numerous laws and regulations that prohibit it. We assume that there is a correlation between the effectiveness of visual aids and littering behavior. Poorly designed prohibitive signs and inaccessible trash bins could be part of the reason why littering persists. The current research aims to evaluate existing prohibitive signs and trash bins and to design some improvements. The researchers used direct observation methods of visual designs based on socio-psychological persuasion techniques and a questionnaire conducted at the School of Environmental Science of Universitas Indonesia. The results showed that respondents were generally aware of littering being a serious issue that could lead to environmental problems. The university campus was generally clean; however, respondents stated that they often saw plastic trash in sewer and drainage areas. University residents do litter despite adverse social judgment. In addition, respondents stated that they responded better to visually pleasing encouragement posters rather than the standard prohibitive signs on proper waste disposal behavior.
Study of Flow Pressure Characteristics of Improved Rotary Valve
Authors: JIA Wenhua , YIN Chenbo , LI Guo , ZHU Dasheng , LIU Yanyan , DING Shen
Published: December 2021

This work was supported in part by The National Natural Science Fund of China, Scientific research fund of Nanjing Institute of Technology, Open fund project of Anhui University of Technology, Practical innovation project of graduate students in Jiangsu Province. Support Fund Nos. 51505211, 11302097, CKJB201901, HVC202004, SJCX20_0700.
Die transformierte Öffentlichkeit. Die Rolle von Social Media in der Corona-Pandemie in den EU-Mitgliedstaaten
Authors: Eigmüller Monika , Verbalyte Monika
Published: December 2021

In diesem Beitrag gehen wir der Frage nach, wie sich Öffentlichkeit in der Corona-Pandemie in Europa verändert hat. Auf der Grundlage von Eurobarometer-Daten zeigen wir, welche Rolle insbesondere digitalen Medien in der Pandemie zugekommen ist und wie diese die Einstellungen zu ergriffenen Corona-Maßnahmen beeinflusst haben. Die Daten zeigen deutlich, dass ungeachtet der großen medialen Aufmerksamkeit, die den Anti-Corona-Protesten zukam, die Unterstützung für die ergriffenen nationalen Corona-Maßnahmen und die damit verbundenen individuellen Freiheitseinschränkungen in den EU-Mitgliedstaaten hoch war, wenn auch in den nord- und westeuropäischen Ländern höher als in den ost- und südeuropäischen Ländern. Dabei ist die Art und Weise, wie Menschen die ergriffenen Corona-Maßnahmen wahrnehmen, abhängig von ihren Informationsquellen. Die verstärkte Nutzung sozialer Medien während der Pandemien geht mit einer geringeren Unterstützung der Corona-Maßnahmen einher. Dennoch können wir auf der Grundlage von Eurobarometerdaten der letzten zwei Jahre zeigen, dass die Corona-Krise in keinem der EU-Mitgliedstaaten die gesellschaftliche Polarisierung nachhaltig verstärkt hat.
Device Independence and the Quest towards Physical Limits of Privacy
Authors: Raghavan Gopalan
Published: December 2021

There is a looming threat over current methods of data encryption through advances in quantum computation. Interestingly, this potential threat can be countered through the use of quantum resources such as coherent superposition, entanglement and inherent randomness. These, together with non-clonability of arbitrary quantum states, offer provably secure means of sharing encryption keys between two parties. This physically assured privacy is however provably secure only in theory but not in practice. Device independent approaches seek to provide physically assured privacy of devices of untrusted origin. The quest towards realization of such devices is predicated on conducting loop-hole-free Bell tests which require the use of certified quantum random number generators. The experimental apparatuses for conducting such tests themselves use non-ideal sources, detectors and optical components making such certification extremely difficult. This expository chapter presents a brief overview (not a review) of Device Independence and the conceptual and practical difficulties it entails.
Digital Forensics in Cyber Security—Recent Trends, Threats, and Opportunities
Authors: I. Alghamdi Mohammed
Published: December 2021

The rapid technological advancement has led the entire world to shift towards digital domain. However, this transition has also result in the emergence of cybercrimes and security breach incidents that threatens the privacy and security of the users. Therefore, this chapter aimed at examining the use of digital forensics in countering cybercrimes, which has been a critical breakthrough in cybersecurity. The chapter has analyzed the most recent trends in digital forensics, which include cloud forensics, social media forensics, and IoT forensics. These technologies are helping the cybersecurity professionals to use the digital traces left by the data storage and processing to keep data safe, while identifying the cybercriminals. However, the research has also observed specific threats to digital forensics, which include technical, operational and personnel-related challenges. The high complexity of these systems, large volume of data, chain of custody, the integrity of personnel, and the validity and accuracy of digital forensics are major threats to its large-scale use. Nevertheless, the chapter has also observed the use of USB forensics, intrusion detection and artificial intelligence as major opportunities for digital forensics that can make the processes easier, efficient, and safe.
Diseases as Impediments to Livestock Production and Wildlife Conservation Goals
Authors: Atuman Y.J. , Kudi C.A. , Abdu P.A. , Okubanjo O.O. , Abubakar A.
Published: December 2021

Disease outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics have been of importance for human and animal health worldwide and sparked enormous public interest. These outbreaks might be caused by known endemic pathogens or by emerging or re-emerging pathogens. Wildlife are the major reservoirs and responsible for most of these outbreaks. They play significant role in the transmission of several livestock diseases and pathogen spill-over may occur in complex socio-ecological systems at the wildlife-domestic animal interface which have been seldom studied. Interspecific pathogen spill-over at the wildlife-livestock interface have been of growing concern in the scientific community over the past years due to their impact on wildlife, livestock and human health. In this section the epidemiology of some viral infections (Foot and Mouth Disease and rabies), bacterial infections (Tuberculosis and brucellosis) and parasites (haemo and endo-parasites) at the wildlife-livestock interface and potential impacts to livestock production and conservation goal is described.
Immune Response to COVID-19
Authors: Wesley Alberca Ricardo
Published: December 2021

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) invades the host’s cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). ACE2 and TMPRSS2 molecules are highly expressed on the respiratory tract but are also expressed in other organs such as kidneys, heart, and intestine, which could partially explain the multiple organ infection, damage, and failure. During the COVID-19 disease course, patients may develop a dysregulation in the immune response, with an exacerbated production of pro-inflammatory molecules and hypercoagulation, which can collaborate to the increase in tissue damage and death. This chapter will cover general aspects of the innate and adaptive immune response during COVID-19, the impact of comorbidities on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, and the immune response generated by COVID-19 vaccines.
Coronavirus Disinfection Physical Methods
Authors: Guettari Moez , El Aferni Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Since 2019, the spread of the Coronavirus pandemic becomes the global health crisis. To fight the pandemic, several measures were adopted such as: Hygiene measure, massive test, social distancing, quarantine and distancing. Disinfection is an important operation in the fight against the spread of Corona virus pandemic. The disinfection methods are of chemical and physical type. In this work, we focused our interest to the physical methods. These methods are classified in three principal categories: irradiation techniques, heat treatment and mechanical techniques. All the different aspect of techniques are exposed in this chapter. The efficiency of the used techniques is also discussed.
Use of Bacillus Subtilis Probiotics as Non-Antibiotic Gut Modulator and Growth Promoter in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Sikandar Arbab
Published: December 2021

Wide range of Antibiotics is being used as feed additives in Animal industry in order to get rid from pathogens and as growth promoters in developing world. But after the suggested prohibition on using antibiotics, products such as probiotics are getting substantial importance in nutrition because of their non-resistant and non-residual possessions. Basic aim of the chapter is to highlight fruitful effects of Bacillus Subtilis as non-antibiotic gut modulator and growth promoter in broiler chickens. Probiotics are the living culture of microorganisms. They flourish in the gut of the host and fortify the growth of valuable commensals in the digestive tract by minimizing the destruction triggered by pathogens, boost up the immune system, supporting the integrity of the gut mucosa and maintain a stability and balance of normal microflora. Probiotics can be used as best substitute to conventional antimicrobial therapy. In addition, it has been observed that probiotics plays a role in growth enhancement by augmenting useful enzymes in the body and promote the growth of other normal commensals such as Lactobacillus and having effect on gut luminal pH. Probiotics are quite active against intestinal pathogens in several ways, viz. including improved immune elimination, competing for mucosal attachment, striving for crucial nutrients, or producing antimicrobial complexes contrary to numerous enteropathogens. It can be concluded that B. Subtilis has the ability to modulate gut and immune system histophysiology and histomorphology and can be used as safe antimicrobial candidate in poultry nutrition. Knowledge of such possessions of the B. Subtilis as probiotics and the mechanisms of action may enable the researchers to manipulate the use of such alternatives for better growth production, and safe and healthy poultry industry.
Analysis of credit indebtedness of public companies founded by the City of Loznica
Authors: Jakšić Pavle
Published: December 2021

In contemporary business conditions, that is, in a market economy, business success of a company has to be based on a basic economic and business principle of accomplishing the best possible business results with as little investments as possible. Considering that public utilities carry out public interest activities and employ a large number of people in Serbia, a need emerges to analyze their current status. The goal of this business analysis is to find out appropriate ways of improving public utilities business, including the improvement of the entire public utilities sector in Serbia. The subject of this paper is the analysis of indebtedness of public utilities on the territory of the city of Loznica. Special attention is paid to enterprises that have long-term liabilities in their business. The aim of this paper is a realistic presentation of the indebtedness of public utilities whose founder is the City of Loznica. The amount of indebtedness of local companies is compared in relation to the average indebtedness of public companies from the territory of the Republic of Serbia and the Mačva District. The City of Loznica has established five public companies, with three public companies performing communal activities. The paper will use the ratio analysis of financial indicators. The business operations of the utilities in the period from 2017 to 2019 will be analysed. In addition, the aim of this paper is to present alternative sources of financing for public utilities, which companies can use in case of facing financial problems. The research established that public utilities in Loznica do not have high long-term liabilities, but that this is not the case with other public utilities in Serbia.
The relationship between the corporate social responsibility and the cost of the capital of the companies listed on the Nigerian stock exchange
Authors: Ofogbe Nyore , Nnamani Chidiebere , Anisiuba Chika , Ezuwore-Obodoekwe Charity
Published: December 2021

This study is aimed at analyzing the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the Cost of the Capital (CoC) of the companies quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE). The annual panel data of the 32 companies quoted on the NSE pertaining to the period from 2005 to 2019, were judgmentally selected. The Thomson Reuthers Index was used as the measure for CSR, whereas the Cost of Equity (CoE) and the Cost of Debt (CoD) were used as the measure for CoC. The findings revealed the existence of a positive/negative nonsignificant relationship, on the one hand, and a positive/negative significant relationship as well, on the other, between CSR and CoC. The results obtained are supportive of the findings found in scholars' works, especially those in the developed countries in which this aspect has extensively been explored. To conclude, the companies that spend on CSR have a better chance of accessing capital at a better and low cost. Based absolutely on the findings, the researcher advocates that investment should incessantly be made in the issues concerning CSR, given the fact that, if consistently made, such investment may ease access to funds at a reduced cost.
The Extent of Child Trafficking and National Response in Ethiopia: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Tolla Aden , Singh Shanta
Published: December 2021

This article analyzes the extent of child trafficking from a quantitative standpoint. The quantitative research approach was adopted in this study, supported by the application of cross-sectional exploratory and descriptive research design, which was used to address the extent of child trafficking in Ethiopia. A total of 636 household respondents were selected by systematic random sampling technique to fulfil the adopted quantitative survey. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 statistical software packages. Adapt Quantitative-Logistic Regression, Bivariate analysis, Multivariate analysis, and Cross-tabulation of extent and factors of child trafficking were thoroughly quantified.

The extent of child trafficking from the total result in the study area is about 128 children had been trafficked from the total of 636 households and that means the extent of child trafficking is about 20.1 percent in East Este Woreda and Debre Tabor woreda in or 1 child from 5 children had been trafficked. It recommended, the research is needed to identify the extent of child victims and vulnerable of trafficking in the study area to combat the problem. On the other hand, for a clear understanding of the International Conventions and Treaties (such as fully translating Rights of the Child and all ratified conventions), the publication should be translated to Amharic and Oromifa version (local language) in the official Negarit Gazeta of Ethiopia, so that everyone could understand and seek to implement their right easily. Information gup is a disadvantage for the nation, the government should use different programs on television and radio to address the issue.
Is Transition from Secondary to Tertiary Education Less Likely among Black South Africans than their Non-Black Counterparts in the Democratic Dispensation?
Authors: Sewdass Nisha , O. Udjo Eric
Published: December 2021

Education provides the building blocks for skills development for acountry’s labour market. Investment in education is hence an importantdeterminant of economic growth and has been associated with various economicbenefits. However, non-transition to tertiary education is a common phenomenon.This study examined the probability of a specified age cohort transiting to tertiaryeducation in South Africa and compared Black South Africans with otherpopulation groups considering environmental and individual factors. Usingcross-sectional data from the 2016 South African Community Survey, the studyrevealed that the difference in the probability of transition to tertiary educationbetween Whites and Blacks was not statistically significant. The findings will beuseful to policymakers in formulating strategies to improve the quality of thelabour market, and thus South Africa’s economic competitiveness.Key words: Transition to tertiary education, South African education system,apartheid education, post-apartheid education, economic development