bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary cancer cell culture: mammary-optimized vs conditional reprogramming
Authors: Alamri Ahmad M , Kang Keunsoo , Groeneveld Svenja , Wang Weisheng , Zhong Xiaogang , Kallakury Bhaskar , Hennighausen Lothar , Liu Xuefeng , Furth Priscilla A
Published: June 2016

The impact of different culture conditions on biology of primary cancer cells is not always addressed. Here, conditional reprogramming (CRC) was compared with mammary-optimized EpiCult-B (EpiC) for primary mammary epithelial cell isolation and propagation, allograft generation, and genome-wide transcriptional consequences using cancer and non-cancer mammary tissue from mice with different dosages ofBrca1andp53. Selective comparison to DMEM was included. Primary cultures were established with all three media, but CRC was most efficient for initial isolation (P<0.05). Allograft development was faster using cells grown in EpiC compared with CRC (P<0.05). Transcriptome comparison of paired CRC and EpiC cultures revealed 1700 differentially expressed genes by passage 20. CRC promotedTrp53gene family upregulation and increased expression of epithelial differentiation genes, whereas EpiC elevated expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition genes. Differences did not persist in allografts where both methods yielded allografts with relatively similar transcriptomes. Restricting passage (<7) reduced numbers of differentially expressed genes below 50. In conclusion, CRC was most efficient for initial cell isolation but EpiC was quicker for allograft generation. The extensive culture-specific gene expression patterns that emerged with longer passage could be limited by reducing passage number when both culture transcriptomes were equally similar to that of the primary tissue. Defining impact of culture condition and passage on the transcriptome of primary cells could assist experimental design and interpretation. For example, differences that appear with passage and culture condition are potentially exploitable for comparative studies targeting specific biological networks in different transcriptional environments.
SAHA-induced loss of tumor suppressor Pten gene promotes thyroid carcinogenesis in a mouse model
Authors: Zhu Xuguang , Kim Dong Wook , Zhao Li , Willingham Mark C , Cheng Sheue-yann
Published: June 2016

Thyroid cancer is on the rise. Novel approaches are needed to improve the outcome of patients with recurrent and advanced metastatic thyroid cancers. FDA approval of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA; vorinostat), an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, for the treatment of hematological malignancies led to the clinical trials of vorinostat for advanced thyroid cancer. However, patients were resistant to vorinostat treatment. To understand the molecular basis of resistance, we tested the efficacy of SAHA in two mouse models of metastatic follicular thyroid cancer: ThrbPV/PV and ThrbPV/PVPten+/− mice. In both, thyroid cancer is driven by overactivation of PI3K-AKT signaling. However, the latter exhibit more aggressive cancer progression due to haplodeficiency of the tumor suppressor, the Pten gene. SAHA had no effects on thyroid cancer progression in ThrbPV/PV mice, indicative of resistance to SAHA. Unexpectedly, thyroid cancer progressed in SAHA-treated ThrbPV/PVPten+/− mice with accelerated occurrence of vascular invasion, anaplastic foci, and lung metastasis. Molecular analyses showed further activated PI3K-AKT in thyroid tumors of SAHA-treated ThrbPV/PVPten+/− mice, resulting in the activated effectors, p-Rb, CDK6, p21Cip1, p-cSrc, ezrin, and matrix metalloproteinases, to increase proliferation and invasion of tumor cells. Single-molecule DNA analysis indicated that the wild-type allele of the Pten gene was progressively lost, whereas carcinogenesis progressed in SAHA-treated ThrbPV/PVPten+/− mice. Thus, this study has uncovered a novel mechanism by which SAHA-induced loss of the tumor suppressor Pten gene to promote thyroid cancer progression. Effectors downstream of the Pten loss-induced signaling may be potential targets to overcome resistance of thyroid cancer to SAHA.
Folliculostellate cell interacts with pericyte via TGFβ2 in rat anterior pituitary
Authors: Tsukada Takehiro , Azuma Morio , Horiguchi Kotaro , Fujiwara Ken , Kouki Tom , Kikuchi Motoshi , Yashiro Takashi
Published: June 2016

The anterior pituitary gland comprises five types of endocrine cells plus non-endocrine cells including folliculostellate cells, endothelial cells, and capillary mural cells (pericytes). In addition to being controlled by the hypothalamic–pituitary–target organ axis, the functions of these cells are likely regulated by local cell and extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. However, these complex interactions are not fully understood. We investigated folliculostellate cell-mediated cell-to-cell interaction. Using S100β-GFP transgenic rats, which express GFP in folliculostellate cells, we designed a three-dimensional cell culture to examine the effects of folliculostellate cells. Interestingly, removal of folliculostellate cells reduced collagen synthesis (Col1a1andCol3a1). Because pericytes are important collagen-producing cells in the gland, we stained for desmin (a pericyte marker). Removal of folliculostellate cells resulted in fewer desmin-positive pericytes and less desmin mRNA. We then attempted to identify the factor mediating folliculostellate cell–pericyte interaction. RT-PCR andin situhybridization revealed that the important profibrotic factor transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGFβ2) was specifically expressed in folliculostellate cells and that TGFβ receptor II was expressed in pericytes, endothelial cells, and parenchymal cells. Immunocytochemistry showed that TGFβ2 induced SMAD2 nuclear translocation in pericytes. TGFβ2 increased collagen synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. This action was completely blocked by TGFβ receptor I inhibitor (SB431542). Diminished collagen synthesis in folliculostellate cell-deficient cell aggregates was partially recovered by TGFβ2. TGFβ2-mediated folliculostellate cell–pericyte interaction appears to be essential for collagen synthesis in rat anterior pituitary. This finding sheds new light on local cell–ECM interactions in the gland.
Thyroid disorders and nitric oxide in cardiovascular adaptation to hypovolemia
Authors: Ogonowski Natalia , Piro Giselle , Pessah Déborah , Arreche Noelia , Puchulu Bernardita , Balaszczuk Ana M , Fellet Andrea L
Published: June 2016

This study aimed to investigate whether nitric oxide participates in the cardiovascular function and haemodynamic adaptation to acute haemorrhage in animals with thyroid disorders. Sprague-Dawley rats aged 2months old treated with T3 (hyper, 20μg/100g body weight) or 0.02% methimazole (hypo, w/v) during 28days were pre-treated with NG nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and submitted to 20% blood loss. Heart function was evaluated by echocardiography. Measurements of arterial blood pressure, heart rate, nitric oxide synthase activity and protein levels were performed. We found that hypo decreased fractional shortening and ejection fraction and increased left ventricle internal diameter. Hyper decreased ventricle diameter and no changes in cardiac contractility. Haemorrhage elicited a hypotension of similar magnitude within 10min. Then, this parameter was stabilized at about 30–40min and maintained until finalized, 120min. L-NAME rats showed that the immediate hypotension would be independent of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition blunted the changes of heart rate induced by blood loss. Hyper and hypo had lower atrial enzyme activity associated with a decreased enzyme isoform in hypo. In ventricle, hyper and hypo had a higher enzyme activity, which was not correlated with changes in protein levels. Haemorrhage induced an increased heart nitric oxide production. We concluded that thyroid disorders were associated with hypertrophic remodelling which impacted differently on cardiac function and its adaptation to a hypovolemia. Hypovolemia triggered a nitric oxide synthase activation modulating the heart function to maintain haemodynamic homeostasis. This involvement depends on a specific enzyme isoform, cardiac chamber and thyroid state.
Lo contable y la administración de lo público en el marco de la globalización
Authors: Castro Diana Mórtigo , Guataquira Heidi Saray , Lugo Cristian Yépes
Published: June 2016

El proceso de globalización contable en lo público, hace referencia al rol que organismos como el Fondo Monetario Internacional y el Banco Mundial cumplen como promotores de una visión en la cual lo contable debe asegurar un sistema de representaciones de lo público acorde con los conceptos que promueven sobre lo que es de naturaleza pública y lo que no lo es. La necesidad de contar con cifras comparables para establecer esquemas de política pública y controlar con ellas la ejecución de las condicionalidades impuestas en sus créditos es la intención fundamental de dichas reglamentaciones; de esta manera, la forma de medir el déficit fiscal, el nivel de endeudamiento y el concepto de ingreso o gasto, determina las posibilidades de la política fiscal.
El desarrollo regional en Colombia, aportes para la sostenibilidad ambiental
Authors: Santamaría Herrera Juan Camilo
Published: June 2016

El potencial endógeno de un territorio, representado en conocimiento local o condiciones biofísicas y culturales propias, son la base para el establecimiento de modelos regionales de desarrollo, que a su vez aseguran la sostenibilidad ambiental. Colombia posee una invaluable riqueza natural y cultural que podría aprovecharse para el mejoramiento del nivel de vida de sus habitantes; sin embargo, se enfrenta a restricciones, como la guerra, el narcotráfico o la recesión, que impiden un desarrollo sostenible regional; a la vez, esas mismas barreras pueden motivar el cambio y la iniciativa social en busca del bienestar general.
El rol de la Contabilidad de Coberturas en la empresa moderna, desde el modelo IASB para pymes
Authors: Duque Gutiérrez Gustavo Enrique
Published: June 2016

Este trabajo busca analizar el funcionamiento y los requerimientos del método de la Contabilidad de Coberturas bajo el marco normativo de los International Financial Reporting Standards [IFRS] para pymes, por lo cual se contextualizaron varios compendios temáticos importantes para abordar este tema. En ese orden de ideas, el trabajo comprende un preámbulo sobre los objetivos de los IFRS para pymes y el proceso de implementación en Colombia; continua con el marco conceptual de los Instrumentos Financieros bajo el modelo de IASB para pymes; consecuentemente, se definen conceptualmente los Instrumentos Derivados utilizados para la Contabilidad de Coberturas, y finalmente se explica el método Contabilidad de Coberturas, el cual es aterrizado en un ejercicio práctico que pretende ilustrar y recoger los conceptos desarrollados durante la indagación central del trabajo.
Impuesto al Valor Agregado y pobreza en Colombia: 1999 - 2009
Authors: Patiño Jacinto Ruth Alejandra , Parra Jiménez Orlando Darío
Published: June 2016

El presente trabajo constituye una aproximación a la incidencia del Impuesto al Valor Agregado –IVA– en la evolución de los indicadores de pobreza en Colombia para el periodo comprendido entre 1999 y 2009. El documento inicia con una introducción al tema, en la segunda parte desarrolla los conceptos básicos sobre la relación entre impuestos y pobreza, partiendo de la relación entre las decisiones de política en materia de impuestos y su posible impacto en las condiciones sociales de la población, específicamente en la pobreza.
 En la tercera parte realiza un acercamiento a la medición de la pobreza, y finalmente una correlación entre los indicadores de pobreza y la evolución de la estructura del IVA en el periodo señalado, concluyendo que los cambios en el IVA contribuyeron a reducir los ingresos de la población, y así, a incrementar los índices de pobreza.
 El análisis propuesto en el documento es relevante en la medida en que permite señalar la incidencia de la estructura tributaria y especialmente del impuesto al valor agregado en la dinámica del desarrollo social del país.
МОЗКОВІ ПРОЦЕСИ ЖІНОК ІЗ РІЗНОЮ МОДАЛЬНОЮ АЛЬФА-ЧАСТОТОЮ ПІД ЧАС ВИКОНАННЯ СИЛОВИХ МАНУАЛЬНИХ РУХІВ
Authors: Morenko A.G. , Korzhik O.V.
Published: June 2016

The study involved 136 females of 19-21 years with high and low individual α-modal EEG frequency. We evaluated a simple sensomotor reaction and the choice stepping time, speed capabilities of neural processes during Finger-Tapping Test, as well as performance capacity and coherence of EEG frequency components. These parameters were specified individually, at rest, during doubling and unclenching the fist with power load. Women with high frequency of the α-rhythm were characterized by higher level of selective attention and local changes in the electrical activity of the cerebral cortex. Females with low a-frequency have less differentiated features of cortex activation, which can be caused by lower ductility of brain processes under power load and setting pace. Women with high α-frequency had better speed performance in terms of sense-motor response.
ПЕРЕТРАВНІСТЬ ПОЖИВНИХ РЕЧОВИН ЗА РІЗНИХ РІВНІВ ТА ДЖЕРЕЛ ЛІПІДІВ У РАЦІОНАХ КАЧОК
Authors: Sychov M.Yu.
Published: June 2016

The estimation of digestibility of nutrients in ducklings was performed by use of feed contained the lipids from different levels and sources.

Experimental studies were conducted in terms of problem research laboratory of feed additives of National Agriculture University of Ukraine. The material for scientific experiments was the ducklings of cross STAR 53 H.Y. Experiment was carried out by group-analog method. We determined the optimal content of crude fat in fodder of young ducks at the first stage of experiment and the best source of lipids at second stage. We increased the crude fat in duckling feed by the introduction of sunflower oil at first stage. The amount of fat in the duck feed was 5% in control group and this were 3% and 7% in group II and III. The ducks from experimental groups received feed with sunflower oil at the second stage of experiment, the ducks of group II and III obtained feed from soya, rapeseed, and palm fat. Feeding the ducks was done per group twice per day – in morning and evening.

It was registered that the feeding of 8-14 days ducks by food with crude fat of 7% plausible increased the digestibility of protein by 3.2%, of fat by 5.1%, and nitrogen-free extractives matters by 2.7%. At the same time the use of feed for 36-42 days ducks with crude fat of 7% allows to get the best results with the more higher level of protein and fat digestibility by 4.9% and 4.8% respectively. The use of feed with the addition of soybean oil for duck feeding have a positive effect towards increasing the level of digestibility of organic matter, protein, fat, and fiber in all the duck age groups. At the same time the use of feed containing palm oil reduces the digestibility of fat by 4,1-6,7%  compared to control group, that obtained feed with sunflower oil .

We confirmed the prospect of further research in order to to establish the optimal ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the diet of ducks and to determine their impact on digestibility of nutrients.
New host and locality records for chiropteran ectoparasites from Jujuy and Salta provinces, Argentina
Authors: Autino Analía G. , Ortiz Felix , Claps Guillermo L. , Bracamonte J. César
Published: June 2016

Among ectoparasites sampled from bats during diversity surveys in 2005 and 2008 in northern Argentina there were specimens  of Paradyschiria parvula Falcoz, 1931 (Diptera, Streblidae) and Hesperoctenes vicinus Jordan, 1922 (Hemiptera, Polyctenidae) that represent first records  for Argentina and Salta province, respectively. New ectoparasite-host associations and additional distributional records of ectoparasites were also recorded and are given for Jujuy and Salta provinces.
Talking about paranoid experiences: Interactional dynamics of accomplishing disclosure of psychotic symptoms in triadic conversation
Authors: Hella Pertti Olavi , Niemi Jussi , Tirkkonen Jani-Matti , Hintikka Jukka , Koponen Hannu , Koivumaa-Honkanen Heli
Published: June 2016

The present study is the first to investigate, using conversation analysis, the effects of a family member's participation in conversation regarding the assessment of need for treatment. We aim at describing the course of a treatment negotiation, focusing on interactional dynamics and on disclosure of paranoid symptoms in a clinically challenging situation characterized by an acutely psychotic patient with (1) disorganized discourse, (2) poor insight, (3) aspiration to avoid hospital treatment, and (4) a relative who was supporting in-patient care. In the triadic conversation, in which the patient, his relative, and the psychiatrist participated, different consecutive phases were distinguished. The Relative Prominent Information Phase (RIP) was characterized by the relative's statements on the patient's problematic behavior, and conflicting views between the patient and his relative led to denial of symptoms by the patient. When the patient was prominent in the latter Patient Prominent Information Phase (PIP), the display of several different social actions and corresponding linguistic devices were linked with more overt talk about paranoid experiences by the patient, albeit in a disorganized manner. RIP and PIP were followed by an Evaluation and Decision Phase (EDP).
A stitch in time: Instructing temporality in the operating room
Authors: Zemel Alan , Koschmann Timothy
Published: June 2016

This paper examines how time is made explicitly relevant in the way the attending surgeon monitors and corrects the performance of a resident during a kidney transplant surgery. In so doing, we observe how the attending constitutes time as a significant and constituent feature of the surgical actions performed by the resident. In order to instruct temporal competence in the performance of surgical procedures, the attending surgeon identifies and makes instructably observable the temporally significant features of the surgical work just as that work is performed, by (a) producing countdowns, pace prompts, and temporal accounts when and as avoidable errors occur, and (b) planning and coordinating current and upcoming actions in relation to other actions. Instructing a trainee in the temporal features of his/her performance occurs when the attending (a) coordinates the production of specific verbal tokens, remarks, and accounts with specific actions performed by the resident as the resident performs them, or (b) anticipates the performance of subsequent actions in relation to current surgical actions underway. This case demonstrates how temporality becomes an observably instructable matter in interaction.
Labmagenulzera bei Schlachtrindern in Österreich
Authors: Beer Theresa , Wittek Thomas , Hund Alexandra
Published: June 2016

Ziel: Im Rahmen dieser Pilotstudie erfolgte erstmals eine Bestimmung der Prävalenz von Labmagengeschwüren bei Rindern in Österreich. Außerdem wurden Managementfaktoren evaluiert, die möglicherweise die Bildung von Labmagengeschwüren begünstigen, und der diagnostische Wert von Tests für okkultes Blut im Kot für die Diagnose von Labmagengeschwüren geprüft. Material und Methoden: Bei 91 Mastbullen, 33 Kühen und 91 Kälbern wurden nach der Schlachtung die Labmägen auf Geschwüre untersucht. Festgestellte Ulzera sowie der pH-Wert des Lagmageninhalts wurden dokumentiert und der Kot auf okkultes Blut getestet. Ferner erfolgte eine Erfassung der Fleischigkeits- und Fettklassen der Tierkörper. Die telefonisch kontaktierten Tierbesitzer konnten freiwillig an einer Befragung zu Managementund Fütterungspraktiken mit potenziellem Einfluss auf die Gesundheit des Labmagens teilnehmen.Ergebnisse: Der pH-Wert des Labmageninhalts betrug im Median 3,0 bei Kälbern, 3,6 bei Bullen und 3,9 bei Kühen. Mehr als die Hälfte der Tiere hatten Labmagengeschwüre der am wenigsten schwerwiegenden Art. Beide Tests für okkultes Blut im Kot waren nicht geeignet, diese Art von Ulzera nachzuweisen. Durch die Befragung ließen sich keine eindeutigen Faktoren feststellen, die für die Bildung von Labmagengeschwüren ursächlich sein könnten. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die Haltungssysteme in Österreich die Bildung geringgradiger Labmagengeschwüre begünstigen. Da es beim Rind keine Möglichkeit gibt, dies in vivo zu erforschen, bleiben weiterreichende Schlussfolgerungen rein spekulativ. Weitere Aspekte, z. B. die Rolle von Bakterien bei der Bildung von Geschwüren oder ihre Auswirkungen auf Produktivität und Tierwohl, sollten in folgenden Studien untersucht werden. Ebenso sollten die Ergebnisse dieser Pilotstudie in größeren experimentellen Studien bestätigt werden.
Influenza-Ausbruch bei Aufzuchtferkeln unter Beteiligung von Mycoplasma hyorhinis und Haemophilus parasuis
Authors: Unterweger Christine , Wöchtl Bettina , Spergser Joachim , Brunthaler Rene , Untersperger Matthias , Lillie-Jaschniski Kathrin , Dürrwald Ralf , Hennig-Pauka Isabel
Published: June 2016

In einem geschlossenen Ferkelerzeugerbetrieb erkrankten etwa 80% der 7 Wochen alten Ferkel in der Aufzucht an einer fieberhaften Atemwegsinfektion mit einer Letalität von 5%. Neben eitrigen Broncho - pneumonien in Kombination mit interstitiellen Pneumonien insbesondere im Spitzen- und Mittellappenbereich lagen fibrinöse Serositiden in der Brust- und Bauchhöhle vor. Weiterführend gelang der Nachweis des nichtpandemischen Stamms von porzinem Influenza-A-Virus (FLUAVsw) Subtyp H1avN1. Die molekulargenetischen Untersuchungen auf Mycoplasma (M.) hyopneumoniae und PRRSV verliefen negativ, doch konnten M. hyorhinis und Haemophilus parasuis aus serösen Häuten nach - gewiesen werden. Die möglicherweise unterschätzte Bedeutung von M. hyorhinis als Kofaktor bei Virusinfektionen und Verursacher von Spitzenlappenpneumonien wird hervorgehoben und aufgezeigt. Die Muttersauen des Bestands waren mit einem Influenzaimpfstoff geimpft worden, der den Subtyp H1avN1 abdeckt. Nur 33% der untersuchten Ferkel hatten in der 7. Lebenswoche noch maternale Anti körper. Die Schwierigkeit einer Prophylaxe von Erkrankungen durch FLUAVsw bei Ferkeln mit nachlassender maternaler Immunität wird deutlich, wenn Impfstoffe erst ab dem 56. Lebenstag eingesetzt werden dürfen.
The challenges of integrating cultural competence into undergraduate medical curricula across Europe: experience from the C2ME “Culturally competent in medical education” project
Authors: Hudelson Patricia , Dogra Nisha , Hendrickx Kristen , Verdonk Petra , Essink-Bot Marie-Louise , Suurmond Jeanine
Published: June 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Providing high quality care to socially and culturally diverse populations is challenging. Many organizations concerned with quality and equity in health care have called for physician training in cross cultural communication as one strategy for ensuring patient-centered health care for all, but little is known about how to effectively and sustainably integrate such teaching into the medical school curriculum.The C2ME "Culturally Competent in Medical Education" is a European project whose aim was to contribute to the integration of cultural competence teaching in undergraduate medical curricula across Europe. In order to foster exchange among medical schools about cultural competence training, C2ME organized a symposium at the 2014 European Association for Communication in Health Care (EACH) conference. The symposium highlighted the variety of teaching approaches and methods that are used to teach cultural competence as well as the the institutional challenges that make integration of cultural competence into the curricula difficult. There is a need for greater exchange of experiences and best practices among European medical schools to overcome these challenges.
A estrutura e o mercado: uma análise comparativa do Plano Trienal e do PAEG
Authors: VILLARINO LEANDRO VIZIN
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Este artigo propõe uma análise dos textos Plano Trienal e PAEG, documentos de planeamento econômico brasileiro dos anos 1960, verificando, por um lado, os aspectos teóricos e conceituais sobre o seu diagnóstico retrospectivo, e, por outro, as condições socioeconômicas de cada projeto de texto prospectivamente como condição para a obtenção dos efeitos pretendidos. Essa análise não pretende apenas verificar a adequação de cada projeto à realidade brasileira, mas entender como os problemas internos de cada texto e suas relações podem ser elucidativos não apenas para a História das Ideias. Mas para uma ampla reflexão sobre a história social, econômica e das instituições do Brasil.
A instabilidade categorial dos constituintes morfológicos: evidência a favor do continuum composição-derivação
Authors: GONÇALVES Carlos Alexandre , ANDRADE Katia Emmerick
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Neste artigo, discutimos o estatuto dos seguintes elementos morfológicos frequentemente usados na formação de novas palavras no português brasileiro: afixoides (bio-combustível, eco-sustentabilidade), splinters (choco-tone; sogra-drasta) e xenoconstituintes (cyber-café; e-professor). Ao longo do texto, observamos em que medida esses constituintes se comportam como radicais e em que aspectos equivalem a afixos. Pretendemos, com isso, justificar a proposta de continuum defendida por (Baker, 2000) e (Ralli, 2007), ao mesmo tempo em que demonstramos que outras unidades morfológicas, além de radicais e afixos, devem fazer parte dessa escala.
As funções sociais da língua e as políticas de difusão do Português no Timor-Leste
Authors: CARIOCA Cláudia Ramos
Published: June 2016

RESUMO O presente trabalho objetiva analisar a situação da língua portuguesa no Timor-Leste, que faz parte da comunidade lusófona, no que se refere às funções sociais desempenhadas pelo Português nesse país e às políticas linguísticas de difusão da língua. A metodologia compreende o desenvolvimento de duas etapas: a primeira diz respeito ao levantamento bibliográfico acerca do estatuto linguístico do Timor-Leste, tendo como foco a situação de oficialidade da língua portuguesa neste país em relação às políticas de difusão; a segunda apresenta uma análise linguístico-discursiva das falas de vinte universitários timorenses, constituídas a partir do corpus do projeto Variação e Processamento da Fala e do Discurso: análises e aplicações (PROFALA), tendo em vista a explicitação das funções sociais veiculadas nas falas dos estudantes através do questionário metalinguístico com foco na língua oficial.
Metodologias de pesquisa em Estudos da Tradução: uma análise bibliométrica de teses e dissertações produzidas no Brasil entre 2006-2010
Authors: ALVES Daniel Antonio de Sousa , VASCONCELLOS Maria Lucia Barbosa
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Inspirado no mapeamento dos Estudos da Tradução apresentado por (Pagano & Vasconcellos, 2003), este trabalho traça um panorama das teses e dissertações brasileiras que investigam a tradução entre 2006 e 2010. Tendo como base os dados disponibilizados no site Domínio Público, o artigo investiga as metodologias empregadas em 269 trabalhos e identifica o emprego de um amplo leque de aparatos teórico-metodológicos. Em função do interesse acadêmico dos autores, investigam-se também os trabalhos na interface entre Linguística de Corpus e Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional e cotejam-se os resultados com os de (Pagano e Vasconcellos, 2003).
Dimorfismo sexual em Hepatus pudibundus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura)
Authors: Marochi Murilo Z. , Trevisan André , Gomes Felipe B. , Masunari Setuko
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Um estudo sobre o dimorfismo sexual no caranguejo Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785) foi realizado utilizando morfometria geométrica. A carapaça de 28 machos e 30 fêmeas e o própodo dos quelípodos direito e esquerdo de 22 machos e 26 fêmeas foram analisados. Foram estabelecidos 13 marcos anatômicos bidimensionais na carapaça e 10 no própodo para ambos os sexos. Uma Análise Generalizada de Procrustes baseada na configuração dos marcos anatômicos foi utilizada para separar os componentes de tamanho e de forma. Um Teste-t de Student foi utilizada para determinar a significância estatística do dimorfismo sexual da carapaça e do própodo dos quelípodos. A variação na forma das estruturas foi avaliada através de uma Análise de Função Discriminante. Houve dimorfismo sexual na forma e no tamanho das estruturas analisadas. Machos mostraram dimensões menores do que fêmeas. A carapaça das fêmeas foi mais larga na região posterior do que em machos, indicando uma ampliação da área para acomodação da massa de ovos. O dedo fixo do própodo dos quelípodos das fêmeas está mais voltado para a parte posterior e pode facilitar a limpeza dos ovos fixados na câmara abdominal. Nossos resultados trazem novas informações sobre o desenvolvimento de caracteres sexuais secundários e as suas consequências sobre a forma da carapaça e o própodo dos quelípodos em machos e fêmeas de H. pudibundus.
Influence of feeding plasticity on the fitness of small Neotropical characids
Authors: Fiori Leandro Fabrício , Alves Gustavo Henrique Zaia , Hahn Norma Segatti , Benedito Evanilde
Published: June 2016

Abstract This study investigated the diet of four characids [Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner, 1882), Odontostilbe pequira (Steindachner, 1882), Psellogrammus kennedyi (Eigenmann, 1903) and Serrapinnus calliurus (Boulenger, 1900) ] coexisting in two lagoons and checked for possible spatial differences and the influence on population fitness. The main goal was check if these species show better fitness according to the nutritional value of the food resource consumed. In this way, it is expected that the species show improved nutritional conditions (evidenced by the relative condition factor) when foraging for items of animal origin, and the reverse is expected when consuming items of plant origin and detritus. Sampling was conducted in August 2011. The diet was evaluated by analyzing contents and calculating the relative condition factor for each sampled individual, obtaining a mean value for each population. Species exhibited high food plasticity; H. eques and P. kennedyi altered most their diets from a lagoon to another. Despite these variations, the condition factor showed no significant spatial variation for any species. The results indicated that these species have physiological adaptations that allow them to obtain the maximum energy from food, even if it has low nutritional value, or that fish can compensate for the consumption of low nutritional food by increasing the consumption rate. Thus, regardless of the type of resources consumed, these have met the metabolic needs of the fish in the studied lagoons.
HER2 EXPRESSION AS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN METASTATIC GASTRIC CANCER
Authors: JUNIOR Pedro Nazareth AGUIAR , NETO Ricardo ARTIGIANI , FORONES Nora Manoukian
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Background - Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2/HER2/ErbB2) is a transmembrane receptor that stimulates cell proliferation when activated. The correlation of HER2 expression with prognosis has been studied in many cancer types. However, its relationship with survival of patients with metastatic gastric cancer remains unknown. Moreover, there is a lack of information on this issue in a Brazilian population. Objective - To assess the proportion of patients whose tumor cells express HER2 and correlate this with clinical characteristics as well as treatment outcomes. Methods - This was a retrospective study. We included adult patients with metastatic gastric cancer treated at an University Hospital between 2011 and 2015. Patients did not receive anti-HER2 therapy. Receptor expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Survival risk factors were assessed individually with univariate Cox regression, and a P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results - Forty-nine patients were included in this study. However, only 32 had samples assessed for HER2 expression. Five (16%) patients were positive. Among HER2-negative patients, the average age was 54 years, 44% received a treatment protocol with three drugs, 70% had a performance status score 0-1, and 41% had well or moderately differentiated histology. Among HER2-positive patients, the average age was 58 years, 40% received three drugs, 100% had a performance status score 0-1, and 67% had well or moderately differentiated histology. Response rate was evaluated in 28 cases, and there was no difference between the groups (HER2-negative 52% vs. HER2-positive 40%; P=0.62). Survival outcomes were numerically worse among HER2-positive patients. Median progression-free survival was 8.3 months for HER2-positive patients and 10.6 months for HER2-negative patients (HR 1.61, 95% CI: 0.59-4.38); median overall survival was 14.8 months and 16.9 months for HER2-positive and HER2-negative patients, respectively (HR 1.52, 95% CI: 0.50-4.66). Conclusion - HER2 overexpression in metastatic gastric cancer patients may be a predictor of poor prognosis and further validation is warranted.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF UREA BREATH TEST FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN CHILDREN WITH DYSPEPSIA IN COMPARISON TO HISTOPATHOLOGY
Authors: HONAR Naser , MINAZADEH Alireza , SHAKIBAZAD Nader , HAGHIGHAT Mahmood , SAKI Forough , JAVAHERIZADEH Hazhir
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Background - Helicobacter pylori infection is the gram negative bacillus with the close association with chronic antral gastritis. Objective - In this study, we evaluate the accuracy of urea breath test (UBT) with carbon isotope 13 in comparison with histopathology of gastric antrum for detection of H. pylori infection in children with dyspepsia. Methods - This cross-sectional study was performed at specialized laboratory of Shiraz Gastroenterohepatology Research Center and Nemazee Hospital, Iran, during a 12-months period. This study investigated the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of UBT in comparison with biopsy-based tests. We included a consecutive selection of 60 children who fulfilled Rome III criteria for dyspepsia. All children were referred for performing UBT with carbon isotope 13 (C13) as well as endoscopy. Biopsies were taken from antrum of stomach and duodenum. The pathologic diagnosis was considered as the standard test. Results - The mean age of the participants was 10.1±2.6 (range 7-17 years). From our total 60 patients, 28 (46.7%) had positive UBT results and 32 (53.3%) had negative UBT results. Pathologic report of 16 (57.1%) out of 28 patients who had positive UBT were positive for H. pylori and 12 (42.9%) ones were negative. Sensitivity and specificity of C13-UBT for detection of H. pylori infection were 76.2% and 69.2% respectively. Conclusion - Sensitivity and specificity of C13-UBT for detection of H. pylori infection were 76.2% and 69.2% respectively. Another multicenter study from our country is recommended.
NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF HEPATOLOGY CONSENSUS
Authors: COTRIM Helma P , PARISE Edison R , FIGUEIREDO-MENDES Cláudio , GALIZZI-FILHO João , PORTA Gilda , OLIVEIRA Claudia P
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT The prevalence of obesity-related metabolic syndrome has rapidly increased in Brazil, resulting in a high frequency of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, that didn't receive much attention in the past. However, it has received increased attention since this disease was identified to progress to end-stage liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have not been established in Brazil. The Brazilian Society of Hepatology held an event with specialists' members from all over Brazil with the purpose of producing guideline for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease based on a systematic approach that reflects evidence-based medicine and expert opinions. The guideline discussed the following subjects: 1-Concepts and recommendations; 2-Diagnosis; 3-Non-medical treatment; 4-Medical treatment; 5-Pediatrics - Diagnosis; 6-Pediatrics - Non-medical treatment; 7-Pediatrics - Medical treatment; 8-Surgical treatment.
Ensaio herético sobre a atualidade da gnose
Authors: Velho Otávio
Published: June 2016

Resumo O objetivo desta comunicação é sugerir o interesse para os estudiosos da religião em examinar a hipótese da atualidade da gnose (ou do gnosticismo) a partir de recentes trabalhos do escritor Harold Bloom. Ao mesmo tempo, trata de colocar as possibilidades levantadas pela obra desse autor em confronto com os trabalhos de outros autores, algumas questões do pensamento contemporâneo e os estudos recentes de “novos movimentos religiosos”, que permitem pensar novos desdobramentos ou reformulações.
La heterogénea construcción del sufrimiento en el Gran Buenos Aires
Authors: Semán Pablo
Published: June 2016

Resumo O presente trabalho descreve três concepções diferenciadas de doença, de cura e, consequentemente, da noção de pessoa. O trabalho foi feito uma área periférica da cidade de Buenos Aires. Os dados etnográficos centram na questão da trajetória terapêutica religiosa dos habitantes deste subúrbio. Agentes religiosos católicos e pentecostais, curandeiros, médicos e psicólogos fazem parte de um conjunto a partir do qual os sujeitos selecionam e combinam termos que dão consistência às seguintes concepções: a que chamaremos monista, baseada na estreita relação entre as categorias físicas e morais, a dualista que opera sobre a base da separação da ordem espiritual e material e a trinitária que integra uma esfera psicológica e implica uma reação contra a segunda e uma reabilitação parcial e original da primeira.
Raça, psiquiatria e medicina-legal: notas sobre a “pré-história” da psicanálise no Brasil
Authors: Russo Jane A.
Published: June 2016

Resumo Este trabalho investiga o modo como a psiquiatria e a medicina legal brasileira do início deste século se apropriaram da teoria psicanalítica, combinando-a a preceitos higiênicos e eugênicos, vinculando-a firmemente a um projeto educativo-civilizatório. Examinamos, para isto, texto de duas figuras representativas deste debate que se travava em torno de um projeto nacional no início deste século, quanto ao uso que se fazia da teoria psicanalítica: Afrânio Peixoto e Julio Pires Porto-Carrero.
Back pain prevalence and associated factors in children and adolescents: an epidemiological population study
Authors: Noll Matias , Candotti Cláudia Tarragô , Rosa Bruna Nichele da , Loss Jefferson Fagundes
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence of back pain among Brazilian school children and the factors associated with this pain. METHODS All 1,720 schoolchildren from the fifth to the eight grade attending schools from the city of Teutonia, RS, Southern Brazil, were invited to participate in the study. From these, 1,597 children participated. We applied the Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument. The dependent variable was back pain, while the independent one were demographic, socioeconomic, behavior and heredity data. The prevalence ratio was estimated by multivariate analysis using the Poisson regression model (α = 0.05). RESULTS The prevalence of back pain in the last three months was 55.7% (n = 802). The multivariate analysis showed that back pain is associated with the variables: sex, parents with back pain, weekly frequency of physical activity, daily time spent watching television, studying in bed, sitting posture to write and use the computer, and way of carrying the backpack. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of back pain in schoolchildren is high and it is associated with demographic, behavior and heredity aspects.
Weed Seed Fate during Summer Fallow: The Importance of Seed Predation and Seed Burial
Authors: Baraibar Barbara , Canadell Claudia , Torra Joel , Royo-Esnal Aritz , Recasens Jordi
Published: June 2016

Maximizing weed seed exposure to seed predators by delaying post-harvest tillage has been suggested as a way to increase weed seed loss to predation in arable fields. However, in some areas of northeastern Spain, fields are still tilled promptly after cereal harvest. Tillage usually places seeds in a safer environment compared to the soil surface, but it can also increase seed mortality through seed decay and fatal germination. By burying the seeds, tillage also prevents weed seed predation. Weed seed fate in a tilled vs. a no-till environment was investigated during the summer fallow months in three cereal fields in semi-arid northeastern Spain. Rigid ryegrass and catchweed bedstraw seeds were used. Predation rates were measured in a no-till area within each field in 48-h periods every 3 wk, and long-term predation rates were estimated. Fate of buried seeds was measured by burying 20 nylon bags with 30 seeds of each weed species from July to September at a depth of 6 cm in a tilled area contiguous to the no-till area. Predation rates over the entire summer were 62% and 49% for rigid ryegrass and catchweed bedstraw, respectively. High availability of crop seeds (preferred by ants) on the soil surface may have decreased predation of weed seeds early in the season. Seed loss due to burial was 54% and 33% for rigid ryegrass and catchweed bedstraw, respectively. Unusual above-average precipitation probably prompted higher than normal weed germination rates (fatal germination) in some fields, and thus led to higher seed mortality rates compared with an average year. These results suggest that leaving the fields untilled after harvest may be the optimum strategy to reduce inputs to the weed seedbank during the summer fallow period in semi-arid systems.
Análise de simbólos em diplomas maçônicos
Authors: De Carvalho Marcio Dillmann
Published: June 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar reflexões realizadas na pesquisa de Mestrado em História da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, intitulada: “As Sociedades Teosóficas e a Maçonaria Mista em Pelotas – crença e poder no extremo sul do Brasil (1902-1939)”. Neste trabalho, são analisados símbolos e emblemas das Sociedades em questão no que refere as formas como se auto representaram e fomentaram questões de identidade e pertencimento na sociedade pelotense do período. As imagens analisadas, decorrentes de diplomas, fazem parte do acervo do Museu Maçônico Rocco Felippe que salvaguarda, entre outros documentos, um número significativo de dados sobre as instituições. Considerando a importância da história da maçonaria e teosofia para a cidade, e região do extremo sul do Estado, a pesquisa mostra as formas de representação simbólicas da instituição, demonstrando o processo de assimilação e ressignificação
Os visitantes do Santuário de Panóias: um estudo patrimonial de um sítio arqueológico português
Authors: Teixeira Rute
Published: June 2016

O trabalho de investigação aqui enunciado, só foi possível num espaço culturalmente enriquecido por um legado histórico de extremo valor, como o Santuário de Panóias, localizado em Vila Real – Portugal, que durante alguns anos recolheu informação sobre o perfil dos visitantes e o seu nível de satisfação com o Monumento. Este estudo teve como principais objetivos caraterizar sócio demograficamente os públicos que visitaram o Santuário entre 1996 e 1999 e entre 2006 e 2011, e ouvir as suas opiniões e propostas de melhoria. Para concretização destes objetivos foram construídos três instrumentos de investigação: inquérito por questionário, inquérito por entrevista e grelha de observação direta. A investigação desenvolveu-se entre a análise quantitativa e qualitativa e o cruzamento de dados mostrou-se fundamental em todo este processo. Tendo em conta o objetivo da investigação, concluímos que os públicos que, maioritariamente visitaram o Santuário de Panóias, no período analisado, caraterizam-se por ser um público maioritariamente feminino, detentor de habilitações académicas elevadas e profissões qualificadas, sendo, portanto, portadores de um forte capital cultural já intrínseco e enraizado.
RURALIDADE E POBREZA NOS MUNICÍPIOS GAÚCHOS: UM OLHAR ATRAVÉS DA TEORIA DAS CAPACITAÇÕES
Authors: Kühn Daniela Dias , Waquil Paulo Dabdab
Published: June 2016

O Rio Grande do Sul ainda está entre os estados brasileiros que apresentam bons indicadores em relação a estudos de qualidade de vida, desenvolvidos por diversos institutos. Entretanto, é possível verificar, ainda, a existência de situações de carência em relação ao atendimento de algumas necessidades que acabam, por fim, caracterizando situações de pobreza no estado gaúcho. Sendo um estado bastante associado à atividade agrícola, que se desenvolve em ambientes predominantemente rurais, está em evidência uma discussão em relação às características da pobreza rural. Baseado em uma concepção conhecida como Abordagem das Capacitações, desenvolvida por Amartya Sen, o objetivo deste trabalho é identificar aspectos sócio-estruturais capazes de configurar as situações de carência, buscando a caracterização da pobreza rural gaúcha. No trabalho, as situações que envolvem as carências estão associadas às possibilidades de acesso a oportunidades municipais (intitulamentos). Apresenta-se aqui uma sugestão analítica que procurou não estar limitada à situação de renda ou ao tipo de atividade produtiva. Nesse sentido, os municípios foram caracterizados em relação à ruralidade (associada a aspectos de paisagem e produtivos) e às situações de pobreza (associadas à renda municipal per capita e à variação da disponibilidade de acesso relacionada a serviços de educação e saúde).
NOS CAMINHOS PARA O NORDESTE: REFLEXÕES SOBRE OS IMPACTOS DIRETOS E INDIRETOS DA MIGRAÇÃO DE RETORNO NO PERÍODO RECENTE
Authors: Ojima Ricardo , Nascimento Tiago Carlos Lima do
Published: June 2016

Analizou-se as recentes mudanças nos fluxos migratórios no Brasil, mais especificamente, a crescente importância da migração de retorno e os seus efeitos indiretos para o Nordeste brasileiro. A partir dos dados censitários recentes, observou-se a importância dos fluxos de retorno migratório para o Nordeste e como os membros dessas famílias de pessoas retornadas (i.e. seus efeitos indiretos) contribuem para os fluxos migratórios em direção ao Nordeste. Assim, esta análise permite reconhecer os migrantes, enquanto grupo social, observando as suas principais características. A caracterização desses fluxos se configura como elemento importante para entender os novos espaços de migração no Brasil, especialmente a região Nordeste. Palavras-chave: Migração. Desenvolvimento Regional. Migração de Retorno. Efeitos Indiretos da Migração de Retorno.
AS RELAÇÕES SOCIAIS NO CULTIVO DA CANA-DE–AÇÚCAR E OS NOVOS MÉTODOS INTRODUZIDOS NO TRABALHO – MUNICÍPIOS DE MIRANDÓPOLIS, LAVÍNIA E VALPARAÍSO – SP
Authors: Hoff Sandino , Guerini Isa Maria Formaggio Marques
Published: June 2016

As relações sociais estabelecidas no cultivo da cana-de-açúcar por meio de novos métodos de trabalho constituíram o objeto desta investigação. A análise objetivou captar a alteração da base técnica no cultivo da cana, mediante o aumento do capital constante e as consequências dessa mudança para o trabalhador rural. O estudo abrangeu a área dos municípios de Mirandópolis, Lavínia e Valparaíso, SP. Os autores principais para a fundamentação da pesquisa foram Alves (2005), Martins (1983), Ianni (1984), Marx (1980) e Lênin (1980). Os instrumentos para levantamento de dados empíricos foram: questionários, aplicados aos trabalhadores das lavouras de cana, aos produtores rurais e aos presidentes de sindicatos; observações em situação de trabalho e captura de imagens fotográficas e do CANASAT. No caso do setor sucroenergético, os resultados evidenciaram o domínio dos oligopólios sobre a terra e sobre a produção. Decorre desse domínio a reorganização do trabalho no mundo rural, como condição do tipo de reprodução do capital. Com a mudança da base técnica, o trabalhador que usava as mãos e ferramentas tradicionais passou a ser operador de máquinas. O movimento do capital no setor sucroenergético influenciou as características do labor rural, a formação de exército de reserva e passou a ditar, também, regras aos produtores independentes que fornecem cana às usinas.