bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resonance algorithm: An intuitive algorithm to find all shortest paths between two nodes
Authors: Liu Yu , Lin Qiguang , Hong Binbin , Peng Yunru , Hjerpe Daniel , Liu Xiaofeng
Published: June 2022

The shortest path problem (SPP) is a classic problem and appears in a wide range of applications. Although a variety of algorithms already exist, new advances are still being made, mainly tuned for particular scenarios to have better performances. As a result, they become more and more technically complex and sophisticated. In this paper we developed an intuitive and nature-inspired algorithm to compute all possible shortest paths between two nodes in a graph: Resonance Algorithm (RA). It can handle any undirected, directed, or mixed graphs, irrespective of loops, unweighted or positively-weighted edges, and can be implemented in a fully decentralized manner. Although the original motivation for RA is not the speed per se, in certain scenarios (when sophisticated matrix operations can be employed, and when the map is very large and all possible shortest paths are demanded) it out-competes Dijkstra’s algorithm, which suggests that in those scenarios RA could also be practically useful.
Lymphatic dysfunction sustains memory impairment despite Aβ reduction by reactive astrocytes in an Alzheimer’s disease model
Authors: Lee Eun Ji , Choi Yoori , Park Eun-Joo , Lee Dong Soo
Published: June 2022

The central nervous system is not an immune-privileged system and is expected to communicate with the peripheral immune system. To understand the effects of the immune system in Alzheimer's disease (AD), anti-CD4 antibody treatment and deep cervical lymph node ligation were performed in the 5XFAD mouse model. These mice were also treated with an anti-amyloid antibody and focused ultrasound with microbubbles. Based on the analysis of pathology and behavior tests, CD4 T cells modulated microglial reactivity and amyloid pathology in the AD model, and dCLN ligation induced changes in the microglial response to stimulation and memory impairment by reactive astrocytes. These results demonstrated that lymphocytes and the lymphatic system regulate glial cell status, amyloid pathology, and memory function in AD. Therefore, peripheral immune cells and lymphatic dysfunction can be used as targets for AD treatment, and these dysfunctions should be considered in the development of AD therapeutics.
Identifying Metabolic Shifts in Crohn's Disease Using' Omics-Driven Contextualized Computational Metabolic Network Models
Authors: Fernandes Philip , Sharma Yash , McGrew Brooklyn , Zulqarnain Fatima , Shrivastava Aman , Ehsan Lubaina , Payne Dawson , Dillard Lillian , Powers Deborah , Aldridge Isabelle , Matthews Jason , Kugathasan Subra , Papin Jason A. , Fernández Facundo M. , Gaul David , Syed Sana
Published: June 2022

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. A clear gap in our existing CD diagnostics and current disease management approaches is the lack of highly specific biomarkers that can be used to streamline or personalize disease management. Comprehensive profiling of metabolites holds promise; however, these high dimensional profiles need to be reduced to have relevance in the context of CD. Machine learning approaches are optimally suited to bridge this gap in knowledge by contextualizing the metabolic alterations in CD using genome-scale metabolic network reconstructions. Our work presents a framework for studying altered metabolic reactions between patients with CD and controls using publicly available transcriptomic data and existing gene-driven metabolic network reconstructions. Additionally, we apply the same methods to patient-derived ileal enteroids to explore the utility of using this experimental in vitro platform for studying CD. Furthermore, we have piloted an untargeted metabolomics approach as a proof-of-concept validation strategy in human ileal mucosal tissue. These findings suggest that in silico metabolic modeling can potentially identify pathways of clinical relevance in CD, paving the way for future discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Evaluation of Powered Wheelchair Driving Performance in Simulator Compared to Driving in Real-life Situations. the SIMADAPT (Simulator ADAPT) project : a pilot study
Authors: Fraudet Bastien , Leblong Emilie , Piette Patrice , Nicolas Benoit , Babel Marie , Gouranton Valerie , Pasteau francois , Devigne Louise , Vailland Guillaume , Gallien Philippe
Published: June 2022

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate users tolerance and driving performance of an electric wheelchair driving simulator in comparison to a test on a real circuit in the context of the SIMADAPT project.
Methods
Three real circuits intended to assess the driving performance with power wheelchair (PWC) in an indoor traffic situation were defined. These circuits were then modelled in 3D to create three test scenarios in virtual reality. These three sessions corresponded to the three levels of driving difficulty. Users tested the three circuits in virtual reality (VR) on a simulator and on a real circuit (R) during three different sessions. In each session, users tested the two conditions. Number of collisions, time of completion, cognitive load and driving performances were assessed. Cyber sickness, users satisfaction and sense of presence were measured in VR. The order of passage between R and VR was randomized.
Results
Twenty-nine participants who were expert drivers with neurological disorders were included in the study. Number of collision between R and VR were identical for circuits 1 and 2 but higher for circuit 3 in VR (p = 0,006 and 0,008), the RV completion times were longer in C1 and C2 (p = < 0.001, 0.01), however it tended to decreased for C3 (difference were not significant for second run). The mental load was higher in VR than R (p = 0,001; 0,01;0,03). The sense of presence was good and the cybersickness remained low on the three circuits
Conclusions
Simulator is valid technological solution for expert drivers. The performances were equivalent between R and VR and there was a quick adaptation to the virtual application, without any noticeable unexpected effects. Future researches are needed to assess the quality of skill transfer for novice drivers from the simulator to the real world.
Application of Lesser Trochanteric Reduction Fixator in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Liu Peiyi , Hui Yaomin , Zeng Guang , Chai Bin
Published: June 2022

Background: Closed reduction and internal fixation with intramedullary nails for intertrochanteric fractures have been widely accepted, We should focus on how to avoid the displacement of lesser trochanter in unstable intertrochanteric fractures.Methods: We developed a lesser trochanteric reduction fixator for intertrochanteric fractures via fixing the lesser trochanter by combining the loop plate through the fixator after the reduction by the reducer.Results: The postoperative Harris hip score of patients treated with lesser trochanteric reduction was higher, which indicated that the lesser trochanteric reduction had positive impacts on the rehabilitation of the hip joint after surgery and could significantly improve the quality of life of patients.Conclusions: The treatment of intertrochanteric fractures, we fully realize the significance of trochanteric reduction and fixation, namely the reconstruction of structures under pressure. As long as the general condition of patients is suitable and they allow receiving surgery, the fixation would be performed on the main fracture end and the lesser trochanter would be reduced and fixed at the same time.
A Nomogram for Prediction of 30-Day Mortality in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Requiring Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Shen Hui , Mei Qing
Published: June 2022

Background：Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a devastating stroke subtype with high morbidity and mortality. Although several studies have developed a prediction model in aSAH to predict individual outcomes, few have addressed short-term mortality in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The study aimed to construct a user-friendly nomogram to provide a simple, precise, and personalized prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with aSAH requiring mechanical ventilation.Methods：We conducted a secondary analysis based on a retrospective study in a French university hospital intensive care unit (ICU). All patients with aSAH requiring mechanical ventilation from ﻿January 2010 to December 2015 were included. Demographic and clinical variables were collected to develop a nomogram for predicting 30-day mortality. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method was performed to identify predictors, and multivariate logistic regression was used to establish a nomogram. The discriminative ability, calibration, and clinical practicability of the nomogram to predict short-term mortality were tested using the area under the curve (AUC), calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results：A nomogram was developed to predict the 30-day mortality with the following five variables: admission GCS, SAPS II, rebleeding, early brain injury(EBI), and external ventricular drain (EVD) (P < 0.05). The predictive model yielded an AUC of 0.795 [95% CI, 0.731–0.858]), and in the internal validation with bootstrapping, the AUC was 0.780. The predictive model was well-calibrated, and decision curve analysis further confirmed the clinical usefulness of the nomogram.Conclusions：We have constructed a nomogram that included five clinical characteristics to predict 30-day mortality in patients with aSAH requiring mechanical ventilation, which may aid clinical decision-making.
Disruptions caused in Pakistan by the COVID-19 Pandemic and their Wireless Technology Based Solutions
Authors: Rafique Ayesha , Akram Noreen , Talha Umar Syed Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Umar , Zia Razia , Aamir Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Since its emergence in 2019, the novel coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe disruptions in every field of life. The world has turned its focus toward digital technologies to fight against the socio-economic disruptions caused by the pandemic. The associated digital technology based solutions predominantly rely on the advancements in wireless and communication technologies. These wireless technologies help in fighting the global crisis in various ways, including virus-spread monitoring, maximizing healthcare outreach, mitigating the physical barriers through automated visual inspection systems and online video conferencing solutions, and enabling distance and virtual education. However, the problem further intensifies in developing and underdeveloped countries, due to the lack of facilities, increased poverty ratio, and poor socio-economic situation. This paper reports various wireless technological solutions for the COVID-19 pandemic as experienced by one such developing country, Pakistan. The paper highlights the use of wireless technologies in various fields for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic, such as e-commerce, education, and the healthcare sector.
Predicting functional trait variation across climatic gradients in ectotherms
Authors: Rubalcaba Juan , Gouveia Sidney , Villalobos Fabricio , Olalla-Tárraga Miguel , Sunday Jennifer
Published: June 2022

A major challenge in ecology and evolution is to disentangle the mechanisms driving broad-scale variations in biological traits such as body size, colour, thermal physiology, and behaviour. Climate has long been thought to drive trait evolution and abiotic filtering of variation in organisms such as ectotherms, because their thermal performance and fitness are closely related to environmental conditions. However, previous studies investigating climatic variables associated to functional trait variation lacked a mechanistic description of the underpinning processes. Here, we use a mechanistic model to predict how climate affects thermal performance of ectotherms and thereby the direction and strength of the effect of selection on different functional traits. We show that climate drives macroevolutionary patterns in body size, cold tolerance, and preferred body temperatures among lizards, and that trait variation is more constrained in regions where selection is predicted to be stronger. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the hypothesis that climate drives trait variations in ectotherms through its effect on thermal performance. By connecting physical, physiological, and macroevolutionary principles, the model and results provide an integrative, mechanistic framework for predicting organismal responses to both present and future climate variations.
Deep Learning for Chatter Detection in Machining
Authors: kounta Cheick Abdoul Kadir A , Arnaud Lionel , Foguem Bernard Kamsu , Tangara Fana
Published: June 2022

Deep learning unlike classical machine learning methods, automatically extracts features at a higher level and merges feature extraction and classification into a single structure, so it does not require a large number of tests and errors. This work presents a deep learning approach for detecting the phenomenon of chatter in machining. To do this, it uses input images from the analysis of the fast Fourier transform on a vibratory signal of the machining of an industrial railway system. The FFT images are recalibrated by rescaling to the maximum signal and frequency between 0-2500Hz to reduce the image size. Deep learning was used to extract features from image data through pre-trained deep neural networks such as VGG16 and ResNet50. These pre-trained networks are adapted to our data to train a classification or chatter detection model in the signal. Despite the existence of several tool rotation speeds in the machining that is not taken into account in the training, the model manages to show its generalization capacity. The results obtained show the good performance of the model with an accuracy of 99.71% using the VGG16. This generalization is observable, given that the amplitude of the signal is not transmitted to the network and that it has not been labeled that several rotation speeds have been considered. The model manages to see the information of the chatter in the spectrum, adapting to several speeds of rotation. Moreover, since part of the test data is similar to the training data, the robustness is proven with the addition of another more noisy and equivocal part and the model manages to detect the more difficult cases from its learning of the easy cases.
Can a “thrifty gene" lead to obesity without a “glutton gene" and a “sloth gene"?
Authors: Batta Erasmo , Stephens Christopher R.
Published: June 2022

Obesity is a result of a long-term energy imbalance due to decisions associated with energy intake and expenditure. Those decisions fit the definition of heuristics: cognitive processes with a rapid and effortless implementation which can be very effective in dealing with scenarios that threaten an organism’s viability. We study the implementation and evaluation of heuristics, and their associated actions, using agent-based simulations in environments where the distribution and degree of richness of energetic resources is varied in space and time. Artificial agents utilize foraging strategies, combining movement, active perception, and consumption, while also actively modifying their capacity to store energy-a “thrifty gene" effect-based on three heuristics from the CONSUMAT model. We show that the selective advantage associated with higher energy storage depends on both the agent’s foraging strategy and heuristic, as well as being sensitive to the distribution of resources, with the existence and duration of periods of food abundance and scarcity being crucial. We conclude that a ”thrifty gene” is only beneficial in the presence of a ”sloth gene" and a ”glutton gene”. Heuristics affect system outputs by changing the dynamics of competition by making the advantage of thrifty agents dependent on the observed time window.
A Single Center Report on the Upgrade Rate of Radial Scar/Complex Sclerosing Lesions of the Breast
Authors: Smullin Carolyn P. , Le Julie , Lawton Thomas J. , Baker Jennifer L.
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Radial scar/complex sclerosing lesion (RS/CSL) is a benign breast lesion. The incidence of RS/CSL on core needle biopsy (CNB) ranges from 0.6 to 3.7%. Despite benign pathology, the radiographic appearance of RS/CSL can be indistinguishable from invasive or in situ malignancy. The upgrade rate of RS/CSL to malignancy varies widely. Whether there are RS/CSL on CNB that may be safely observed without surgery is not well understood.
Methods:
We performed a single center retrospective study of females over 18 with radiology-pathology concordant diagnosis of RS/CSL on CNB from 2015–2020. We excluded patients with ipsilateral or contralateral invasive or in situ malignancy within 3 months prior to or after biopsy proven RS/CSL. Management was immediate surgical excision within 6 months or imaging surveillance. Upgrade rate was determined in the cohort of patients who underwent surgical excision based on evidence of in situ or invasive malignancy.
Results:
We identified 83 patients with RS/CSL; 56 (67%) underwent surgical excision and 27 (33%) underwent surveillance. Those who underwent surgical excision had a significant higher rate of breast cancer in the family (41% vs 15%, p = 0.02) and concurrent atypia on CNB (16% vs 0%, p = 0.03). After surgical excision, 11 cases upgraded to atypia and one case upgraded to ductal carcinoma in situ. There were no factors associated with upgrade to malignancy.
Conclusion:
Upgrade rates of RS/CSL to malignancy remain low; however a significant number upgrade to atypia, which offers relevant information for risk stratification. Further research is needed before omission of excision of RS/CSL can be safely considered.
Optimization for improved cellulase production of Penicillium funiculosum NCIM 1228 in submerged fermentation
Authors: Chavan Sambhaji B. , Shete Ashvini M. , Dharne Mahesh
Published: June 2022

The cellulase enzyme is currently the world's third-largest enzyme. Because of their demands in various industries like textiles, food, waste management, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, pulp paper, biofuels, etc., their demand curve shifts upward sharply. The response surface methodology (RSM) approach was employed to optimize media components and process parameters in the current investigation, which successfully increased cellulase production from Penicillium funiculosum NCIM 1228 ( P. funiculosum NCIM 1228). Statistical optimization for the hyperproduction of cellulases has been conducted using RSM. The Plackett-Burman design (PBD) approach was used to investigate the critical factors of the cellulase production medium, followed by the Box-Behnken design (BBD) method, which was used to statistically estimate optimum values and conditions that had a substantial impact on cellulase production. The estimated optimal combinations of parameters for cellulase production were urea (0.2, %), CaCl 2 (0.2, %), MgSO 4 (0.05, %), peptone (1.5, %), microcrystalline cellulose (5.0, %), wheat bran (2.5, %), CSL (2.5, %), KH 2 PO 4 (0.15, %), inoculum (10.65%), agitation (157 rpm), pH (5.88), and temperature (29.84°C). Conclusively, experimental validation under optimal conditions detected an increased production of 3.82-fold and 3.61-fold in filter paper activity (FPase) and β-glucosidase respectively while 1.66-fold and 1.57-fold improvement in FPase and β-glucosidase specific activity were observed. The xylanase activity was enhanced by 3.29-fold and its specific activity improved by 69.62% after optimization. P. funiculosum NCIM 1228 offers the benefit of producing cellulase with an entire cellulolytic system of enzymes that can be excreted extracellularly, which provides a promising biocatalyst for biofuel industries.
Activation of vitamin D/VDR signaling reverses gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of MUC1 expression
Authors: Wei Daoyan , Wang Liang , Liu Yi , Hafley Margarete , Tan Lin , Lorenzi Phillip , Yang Peiying , Zuo xiangsheng , Bresalier Robert
Published: June 2022

Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has a poor prognosis largely due to its therapeutic resistance. Inactivation of vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling contributes to the malignant phenotype of PDA, and altered expression of oncoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) is involved in drug resistance of cancer cells. In the present study, we determined whether vitamin D/VDR signaling regulates the expression and function of MUC1 and its effect on gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer cells.
Methods
We performed an unbiased reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) to identify vitamin D3 downstream molecules in PDA cells. We used molecular analyses and animal models to determine the impact of vitamin D/VDR signaling on MUC1 expression and response to gemcitabine treatment.
Results
RPPA analysis indicated that MUC1 protein expression was significantly reduced in human PDA cells after treatment with vitamin D3 or its analog calcipotriol. VDR negatively regulated MUC1 expression in both gain- and loss-of-function assays. Vitamin D3 or its analog significantly induced VDR and inhibited MUC1 expression in AsPC1-GemR and Colo357-GemR gemcitabine-resistant cells and sensitized the resistant cells to gemcitabine treatment. siRNA knockdown experiments indicated that inhibition of MUC1 expression was essential for calcipotriol-associated sensitization of PDA cells to gemcitabine treatment in vitro. Administration of the vitamin D3 analog paricalcitol significantly enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine in xenograft and orthotopic mouse models and increased the intratumoral concentration of dFdCTP, the active gemcitabine metabolite.
Conclusions
These findings demonstrate a previously unidentified vitamin D/VDR-MUC1 signaling axis involved in the regulation of gemcitabine resistance in PDA, and suggests that combinational therapies that include targeted activation of vitamin D/VDR signaling may improve the outcomes of patients with PDA.
Warming experiments test the sensitivity of an endangered butterfly across life history stages
Authors: Bristow Lainey V. , Grundel Ralph , Dzurisin Jason D.K. , Wu Grace C. , Li Yudi , Hildreth Andrew , Hellmann Jessica J.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis, KBB) is a federally listed endangered species living in disjunct habitats within the Midwest and Eastern United States. As a hostplant specialist and an ectotherm, the KBB is likely to be susceptible to effects of climate change. Aims/Methods: We undertook warming experiments to explore the temperature sensitivity of various KBB life history stages and traits. Over a two-year period, we exposed all KBB life stages to temperature increases of +2, +4, and +6 ⁰C above historic (1952-1999) mean temperatures. We analyzed the effect of these treatments on life history parameters likely related to fitness and population size, including development time, voltinism, degree-day accumulation, body weight, and morphology. Results: Warming treatments resulted in earlier emergence and accelerated development, leading to additional generations. Warming also decreased the number of degree-days required to initiate spring hatch and eclosion. As treatment warmth increased, adult body mass, length, and area decreased and voltinism increased. Females with lower adult mass and smaller body size produced fewer eggs. Discussion: Our data suggest a trade-off between accelerated development and body size. Furthermore, an increase in adult mass and abdominal area was associated with reduced fecundity. Implications for Insect Conservation: Changes in development time and voltinism may affect phenological overlap with the species’ obligate host plant (Lupinus perennis), which could negatively affect completion of the final generation’s lifecycle in a given year, and thus that year’s overwintering population size.
Pyroptosis and Necroptosis Inhibitor Necrosulfonamide Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Hyperalgesia in Mice
Authors: Ozgen Beyza , Senol Sefika Pinar , Yilmaz Dilsah Ezgi , Temiz-Resitoglu Meryem , Bahceli Omer , Tunctan Bahar
Published: June 2022

Recent studies have demonstrated that two distinct forms of necrotic cell death, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, triggered by the lipid A part of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are involved in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases associated with neuroinflammation. It has been suggested that inhibition of gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis and/or mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL)-mediated necroptosis may have a therapeutic potential in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). However, the involvement of both types of cell death in LPS-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether GSDMD and MLKL inhibitor, necrosulfonamide (NSA), prevents inflammatory hyperalgesia induced by LPS via inhibiting caspase-11/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase (RIPK) 1/RIPK3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis in the CNS of mice. It was observed that 6 hours after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of LPS (10 mg/kg), the response time of mice to thermal stimulation determined by hot plate test was prevented with 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg (i.p.) doses of NSA. When NSA was administered at the lowest effective dose (0.01 mg/kg), it prevented the LPS-induced increase in caspase-11 p20, p30-GSDMD, interleukin-1β, high-mobility-group-box 1, and semaphorin (SEMA) protein expression as well as activity of RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL associated with decreased expression of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) in the tissues of LPS-treated mice. Our findings suggested a decrease in the caspase-11/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis, RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL necrosome-mediated necroptosis, and remyelination inhibitor, SEMA3A, as well as increased expression of the main protein of the CNS myelin membrane, PLP, in the CNS of mice involves in the protective effect of NSA against inflammatory hyperalgesia induced by LPS.
Successful treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary with homologous recombination deficiency: A case report
Authors: Tamura Ryo , Yamaguchi Masayuki , Kitani Yohei , Nishikawa Nobumichi , Kawasaki Takashi , Kikuchi Akira
Published: June 2022

BackgroundSquamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCT-SCC) has a poor prognosis at advanced stages. Although the relationship between the homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status and platinum-based chemotherapy sensitivity or poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor efficacy in epithelial ovarian cancer has been demonstrated in clinical trials, the significance of the HRD status in MCT-SCC remains unclear.Case presentationA 73-year-old woman with no remarkable past medical history was referred to our hospital for a huge left ovarian tumor. Laparotomy was urgently performed due to tumor rupture. We performed total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and partial omentectomy. The ovarian tumor was strongly adherent to the surrounding pelvic organs and could not be completely resected. The postoperative diagnosis was stage IIIB MCT-SCC (pT3bNXM0) of the left ovary. After surgery, we conducted the myChoice CDx and microsatellite instability (MSI) tests. The genomic instability (GI) score of 87 was remarkably high, and there was no BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutation. In contrast, the MSI test was negative. After six courses of combination therapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin, the residual tumors had shrunk by 73% (target lesions: 85 mm to 23 mm) and SCC-Antigen levels decreased from 12.8 ng/ml postoperatively to 1.6 ng/ml at the end of the initial course of chemotherapy and remained in the normal range thereafter. We considered the complete removal of residual tumors feasible and performed interval debulking surgery (IDS). We performed residual tumor resection and pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, and the tumors were completely resected. Subsequently, the patient underwent two courses of the combination of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab, followed by maintenance therapy with olaparib and bevacizumab. Five months after IDS, no recurrence has been observed.Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MCT-SCC with HRD-positive status. Although its frequency is unknown, platinum-based chemotherapy followed by maintenance therapy with oraparib and bevacizumab could be one of the promising treatment options for MCT-SCC.
How Priming with Body Odors Affects Consumer Behavior
Authors: Alcaniz Mariano , Giglioli Irene Irene Alice Chicchi , Carrasco-Ribelles Lucia A. , Minissi Maria Maria Eleonora , Semin Gün
Published: June 2022

To date, odor research has primarily focused on the behavioral effects of common odors on consumer perception and choices. We report a study that examines, for the first time, the effects of human body odor cues on consumer purchase behaviors. The influence of human chemosignals produced in three conditions, namely happiness, fear, a relaxed condition (rest), and a control condition (no odor), were examined on willingness to pay (WTP) judgments across various products. We focused on the speed with which participants reached such decisions. The central finding revealed that participants exposed to human odors reached decisions significantly faster than the no odor control group. The main driving force is that human body odors activate the presence of others during decision-making. This, in turn, affects response speed. The broader implications of this finding for consumer behavior are discussed.
Theory-based mHealth targeting fathers and mothers to improv exclusive breastfeeding: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Gebremariam Kidane , Mulugeta Afework , Gallegos Danielle
Published: June 2022

BackgroundExclusive breastfeeding remains sub-optimal in low-income countries contributing to infant mortality. mHealth interventions to improve exclusive breastfeeding have shown promise, but very few include fathers or have been applied in low-income countries. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a SMS-based breastfeeding intervention targeting fathers and mothers in improving exclusive breastfeeding at three months in a low-income country.MethodsA quasi-experimental study was carried out with couples in their last trimester of pregnancy, in Mekelle, Ethiopia. The SMS-based intervention delivered a total of 16 SMS text messages to two arms: mothers-and-fathers, and mothers-only with the third group acting as the control. The main outcome measure was exclusive breastfeeding at months one, two and three after birth.Result There were no significant differences in exclusive breastfeeding at month one between the three groups (N=128). At month three 85% and 80% of babies were exclusively breastfed in the mothers-and-fathers and the mothers-only compared to 60% in the control group (p=0.01, p=0.04). Babies born to mothers in the mother-and-fathers group were almost five times more likely to be exclusively breastfeed at three months than babies born to mothers who received standard care [AOR: 4.88, 95% CI (1.35-17.63)]. Conclusion An mHealth intervention targeting fathers and mothers, and mothers increased the likelihood of babies being exclusively breastfed at three months. The risk of not exclusively breastfeeding in the control group increased over time. A low-cost SMS-based breastfeeding intervention targeting fathers and mothers significantly improved exclusive breastfeeding.Trial registration: This trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) 12618001481268.
A comprehensive study on the scavenging of carcinogenic metal ions using immobilized microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides on the lignocellulosic matrix
Authors: NOUACER Imane , HAMMADI Soumia , BENALIA Mokhtar , DJEDID Mebrouk , BENCHEIKH Salah Eddine
Published: June 2022

An efficient carcinogenic metal biosorbent was prepared by immobilizing microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides (AP) within Sugarcane Bagasse (SB) lignocellulosic matrix. The immobilization technique enhanced the biosorption of nickel by 32.25% at equilibrium compared with free Auxenochlorella protothecoides. The maximum metal biosorption capacity of free and immobilized Auxenochlorella protothecoides was calculated to be 42.08 and 62.1 mg /g, respectively. The removal efficiency of nickel ions was evaluated with Box-Behnken factorial design using three parameters: pH solution, contact time, and biosorbent concentration. Under optimum conditions, the RSM- DF platform determined the maximum metal elimination rate of 97.96% with the following optimal set of factors: pH 5.06, biosorbent concentration of 1.6 g/L, and contact time of 53.33 min. In the experimental design of the nickel bioprocess, the equilibrium adsorption isotherms were analyzed using sixteen models of two-, three-, and four –parameters. An evaluation of non-linear regression isotherms for choosing the goodness predicted fit elucidated that Fritz–Schlünder (IV) model was the more suitable model to present the equilibrium curves, identified based on the values of four error functions were as follow: the coefficient of determination (R²), the hybrid fractional error function (HYBRID), marquardt's percent standard deviation (MPSD), and the average relative error (ARE). The thermodynamic factors followed by the kinetics analyze demonstrated that the bioprocess was exothermic, favorable, and spontaneous at 298–318 K. Further, the biosorption of nickel ions towards the functional sites on the SB-AP was clarified by the proposal of four mechanisms on the network structure for cellulose, lignin, N-acetyl- β -d-glucosamine, and β-D-glucosamine unite. Finally, the functional groups, surface morphology, elemental compositions was analyzed using FTIR, SEM-EDX and ATG-DTG, respectively confirmed its ability to successfully treating the contaminants.
Associations between Dietary and Plasma Copper and Liver Function in a Chinese Population
Authors: Wei Yanfei , Zhang Zhiyong , Mo Xiaoting , Xu Min , Liu Qiumei , Zhang Junling , Liu Shuzhen , Lin Yinxia , Huang Shenxiang , Qin Jian , Cai Jiansheng
Published: June 2022

The potential mechanisms underlying the association between copper exposure and liver function are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential association of dietary copper (Cu) intake and plasma Cu with liver function parameters. A cross-sectional study was performed to determine liver function parameters—namely, total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST)—in 2376 subjects in Guangxi, China. Dietary Cu was obtained from a food frequency questionnaire containing 109 common foods. Plasma Cu concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multiple linear regression combined with the multivariate restricted cubic spline function (RCS) was used to evaluate the correlation of plasma and dietary Cu with liver function parameters. The covariate adjustment results of the linear regression analysis showed that plasma Cu levels were significantly negatively correlated with serum IBIL (β = −0.37), DBIL (β = −0.22), and TBIL (β = −0.32) (all p < 0.05), and dietary Cu was negatively correlated with serum AST (β = −0.12, p < 0.05). The spline analysis further elucidated the negative linear relationship between dietary Cu and AST in the total population. In summary, our results suggested that plasma Cu is associated with serum bilirubin and dietary Cu is associated with serum AST. Further studies are needed to validate these associations and reveal the underlying mechanisms.
Management of Agricultural Waste Biomass as raw material for the construction sector. An analysis of sustainable and circular alternatives
Authors: Duque-Acevedo Mónica , Lancellotti Isabella , Andreola Fernanda , Barbieri Luisa , Belmonte-Ureña Luis J. , Camacho-Ferre Francisco
Published: June 2022

Background: The agricultural and construction sectors demand enormous amounts of natural resources and generate environmental impacts that negatively affect ecosystems. One of the main problems is the generation and inadequate management of waste. For this reason, under the approaches of the new sustainable and circular models, waste valorization has been prioritised as a strategy for advancing towards the sustainability of production systems. This research aims to carry out a general analysis of Agricultural Waste Biomass (AWB) in the production of bio-based products for the construction sector. Bibliometric techniques were applied for the general analysis of the scientific production obtained from Scopus. A systematic review identified the main research approaches. In addition, European projects were reviewed to assess the practical application. This study is novel and provides relevant contributions to new trends in the valorisation of AWB in the building sector and the sustainability benefits. For policymakers, it is a source of information on the contribution of new policies to scientific advances and the aspects that need to be strengthened to improve sustainable and circular practices in both sectors.Results: The results show that 74% of the research has been published within the last five years. Regarding the main types of AWBs, rice husk ash and sugar cane bagasse ash are the most commonly used in manufacturing a wide variety of bio-based building products. Cement, concrete and bricks are the main bio-based products obtained from AWB. However, a new approach to utilisation was identified in road construction. Conclusions: The findings indicate that the AWB is an important resource with great potential for the construction sector. Similarly, that policies on sustainable and circular development have driven scientific progress on new alternatives for the valorisation of AWB to improve sustainability in the construction sector. Although the practical application has also been driven through European projects, development at this level is still low. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen partnerships between these two sectors and improve government strategies on sustainability and circularity to overcome existing constraints.
A novel Silva pattern-based model for precisely predicting recurrence in intermediate-risk cervical adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Guo Chenyan , Tao Xiang , Zhang Lihong , Zhang Ying , Hua Keqin , Qiu Junjun
Published: June 2022

Background: Considering the unique biological behavior of cervical adenocarcinoma (AC) compared to squamous cell carcinoma, we now lack a distinct method to assess prognosis for AC patients, especially for intermediate-risk patients. Thus, we sought to establish a Silva-based model to predict recurrence specific for the intermediate-risk AC patients and guide adjuvant therapy.Methods: 345 AC patients were classified according to Silva pattern, their clinicopathological data and survival outcomes were assessed. Among them, 254 patients with only intermediate-risk factors were identified. The significant cutoff values of four factors (tumor size, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), depth of stromal invasion (DSI) and Silva pattern) were determined by univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Subsequently, a series of four-, three- and two-factor Silva-based models were developed via various combinations of the above factors. Results: (1) We confirmed the prognostic value of Silva pattern using a cohort of 345 AC patients. (2) We established Silva-based models with potential recurrence prediction value in 254 intermediate-risk AC patients, including 12 four-factor models, 30 three-factor models and 16 two-factor models. (3) Notably, the four-factor model, which includes any three of four intermediate-risk factors (Silva C, ≥3 cm, DSI >2/3, and >mild LVSI), exhibited the best recurrence prediction performance and surpassed the Sedlis criteria. Conclusions: Our study established a Silva-based four-factor model specific for intermediate-risk AC patients, which has superior recurrence prediction performance than Sedlis criteria and may better guide postoperative adjuvant therapy.
Survival Analysis and Risk Factors for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hosseini Elahe Seyed , Azadchehr Mohammd-Javad , Sarafrazi Mahla , Vaghari Leila , Parchebafi Atefeh , Nikzad Hossein , Kashani Hamed Haddad
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
Since the outbreak in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. We analyzed and compared the clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics between survivors and non-survivors and identify risk factors for mortality.
Methods:
This single-center study was conducted at Hospital for COVID-19 patients in Kashan, Iran. Inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 were included. Clinical and laboratory variables, radiological features, complications were collected. Patients were classified as the discharged or survivor group and the death or non-survivor group based on their outcome (improvement or death). Clinical, Epidemiological characteristics, as well as laboratory parameters, were extracted from electronic medical records. Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors for mortality. Significant level was set as 0.05 in all analyses.
Results:
Multiple Cox regression showed age (HR 1.028; 95% CI 1.016–1.039), LDH (HR 1.0004; 95% CI 1.0002–1.001), AST (HR 1.002; 95% CI 1.001–1.004) and BUN (HR 1.008; 95% CI 1.004–1.012) as factors associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality.
Conclusion:
The current study showed that higher mortality was significantly associated with age, LDH, AST and BUN. Assessing risk factors of the disease could be helpful for clinicians to detect the risk of disease progression, to perform proper intervention earlier to get the best therapeutic outcome.
Effect of Quercetin on Tumor-Derived Exosomal miRNA Circulation in Primary (Colo 320) and Metastatic (Colo 741) Colon Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Becer Eda , Özsoy Serpil , Kabadayı Hilal , Vatansever Hafize Seda
Published: June 2022

Objective: Quercetin is a phytochemical that is regarded as a potential anticancer agent in colon cancer prevention. Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by normal or cancer cells, which transport miRNAs and proteins and participate in intercellular communication as a cargo. Cytotoxicity, exosomal miRNA secretion, and distribution of Dicer, Ago2, CD9, CD63 and eIF2α in quercetin applied Colo 320 and Colo 741 colon cancer cell lines were aimed.Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity test that we used to evaluate cell viability is MTT assay. The distribution of Dicer, Ago2, CD9, CD63 and eIF2α in both cell lines were analyzed using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The exosomal miRNA levels were evaluated by using a miRCURY™ Kit.Results: Decreased eIf2α immunoreactivity following quercetin application was significant in Colo 741 colon cancer cells. Increased Dicer and CD9 immunoreactivities were significant between Colo 320 and Colo 741 colon cancer cells. Additionally, after quercetin application, exosomal miRNA concentrations were increased in both Colo 320 and Colo 741 cell lines.Conclusion: According to our results, total exosomal miRNA concentration and levels of associated proteins were affected after quercetin administration. Additionally, the change in the immunoreactivity of the related proteins after quercetin application differed according to the cell type and origin.
Enhanced fruiting body production and bioactive phytochemicals from white Cordyceps militaris by blending Cordyceps militaris and using cold plasma jet
Authors: Seelarat Weerasak , Sangwanna Sujarinee , Panklai Teerapap , Chaosuan Natthaphon , Bootchanont Atipong , Wattanawikkam Chakkaphan , Subcharoen Ahkasit , Subcharoen Nuttapon , Chanchula Nattapong , Boonyawan Dheerawan , Porjai Porramain
Published: June 2022

The impact of cold plasma jet (CPJ) on fruiting body production and bioactive phytochemicals in white Cordyceps militaris blended with Cordyceps militaris (blended C. militaris) cultured on solid media was evaluated. CPJ was driven by a 12 kV neon transformer with a duty cycle of 50% and a fixed flow rate of 5 L/min. Primarily, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) were produced, including nitric oxides, hydroxyl radicals, and atomic oxygen. Before solid media cultivation, the CPJ was activated in liquid media containing potato dextrose agar of blended C. militaris for different treatment times (30 to 120 s). Changes in fresh and dry weights and cordycepin content of the most sensitive blended C. militaris cultivar increased by 22.49, 22.56, and 25.23%, respectively. CPJ treatment markedly increased antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase, by 34.71 and 17.42%, respectively. Moreover, CPJ treatment significantly increased the contents of bioactive compounds, including total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. The changes in antioxidant activities in the fruiting bodies of blended C. militaris were assayed using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities to assess ferric-reducing antioxidant power. Therefore, CPJ treatment can represent a promising nonthermal method to enhance fruiting body production and nutritional value of blended C. militaris, which has implications for human health.
Social networks, mobility, and HIV risk among women in the fishing communities of Lake Victoria
Authors: Nakamanya Sarah , Okello Elialilia S. , Kwena Zachary A , Nanyonjo Gertrude , Bahemuka Ubaldo M , Kibengo Freddie M , Ssetaala Ali , Bukusi Elizabeth , Kapiga Saidi , Fast Pat , Seeley Janet , Kidega The Lake Victoria Consortium for Health Research (LVCHR)
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPopulation mobility is a demonstrated barrier to reducing HIV incidence. A clear understanding of social networks and their influence on mobility among women in the fishing communities of Lake Victoria may contribute to tailoring effective interventions that suit the needs of these mobile women. MethodsA cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted to understand mobility patterns among women resident and or working in fishing communities of Lake Victoria in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. The study was conducted in six fishing communities from March 2018 to June 2019. The communities were purposively selected, based on population size (1000 people or more) and HIV prevalence of >15% among women aged 18 years or older and mature/emancipated minors aged 15-17 years and had lived in the fishing community for at least six months. In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 key informants and 72 women from the sites in the three countries. Questions focused on women’s social networks and other factors that fuelled/facilitated women’s mobility as well as challenges faced in mobility. Data analysis followed a thematic framework approach.ResultsDifferent social groupings/networks existed among women in fishing communities of Lake Victoria. These included female sex workers, women fish processors/traders, women bar workers/ owners, restaurant workers, and women’s-family networks. Networks encouraged mobility, supporting finding work opportunities, but also increased sexual risks through partner changes. The benefits of networks included information sharing, financial support, and group protection, especially against violence. ConclusionSocial networks and groupings among women in fishing communities of Lake Victoria could be useful in tailoring HIV prevention and HIV care interventions to suit the needs of these highly mobile populations.