bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cultural Capital on Children’s Educational Success: An Empirical Study of Vietnam Under the Shadow of Bourdieu’s Cultural Reproduction Theory
Authors: Thuy Truong Thi Hong
Published: July 2020

One of the robust explanation related to sociological educational inequality is Bourdieu’s cultural reproduction theory. Admittedly, prior work investigated that children’s cultural capital (CC) have significant effects on educational success. Although, it remain unclear in the context of developing countries specifically Vietnam. Also, how children’s conversion mechanism of CC works and drive educational success. Meanwhile, Bourdieu theory argue that CC effects educations outcomes largely via teachers biasness by using support of school grades, in contrast some of the scholars argue that absorption of children’s CC may directly transmit into educational abilities and skill development. This study employed partial least square structural equation modelling to analyze 5th grades students’ data collected from educational policy and data center. This study argue that conversion mechanism grounded on CC dimensions. This study provide implications for the policy makers and future researchers.
Estrutura urbana e mobilidade populacional: implicações para o distanciamento social e disseminação da Covid-19
Authors: De Castro Leiva Guilherme , Dos Reis Douglas Sathler , Filho Romulo Dante Orrico
Published: July 2020

O mundo vem testemunhando a rápida disseminação dos casos confirmados da síndrome  respiratória aguda por meio do coronavírus (Sars-CoV-2 Covid-19). Nos primeiros meses de pandemia, as estatísticas indicam que as grandes cidades tornaram-se palcos destacados de contágio e disseminação da Covid-19. Diante desse cenário, o presente estudo oferece argumentos que auxiliam na construção e aferição preliminar de três hipóteses: a estrutura urbana e a organização das cidades interferem na taxa de distanciamento social e, portanto, no ritmo de contágio da doença; na cidade, a forma com que o sistema de transporte de pessoas está estruturado desempenha papel relevante no ritmo de disseminação da Covid-19; e a pandemia e as práticas de distanciamento físico e social alteram os padrões de mobilidade intraurbana. Analisam-se dados nacionais e regionais disponíveis em órgãos oficiais e outros trabalhos empíricos sobre a Covid-19 à luz de estudos teóricos sobre mobilidade urbana. Em seguida, por método indutivo, é feita uma associação destes dados aos diferentes modelos de cidades (compacta x espraiada), considerando, em especial, aspectos de mobilidade urbana. Os argumentos desenvolvidos nesse estudo parecem corroborar o teor central das hipóteses apresentadas. É preciso desenvolver modelos que incorporem estes elementos para avançarmos na compreensão da pandemia e, também, de elementos que auxiliem na construção de cidades mais resilientes a fenômenos como a Covid-19.
Representações sociais de escola pública: uma análise das trajetórias de estudantes universitários
Authors: MACHADO LAEDA BEZERRA
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as representações sociais de “escola pública” construídas por estudantes universitários. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, da qual participaram 12 estudantes de diferentes cursos das áreas de Saúde e Biociências da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Utilizamos como instrumento uma entrevista narrativa, por meio da qual os sujeitos narraram suas trajetórias escolares. Como procedimento de análise, utilizamos a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram representações sociais de escola pública pautadas na possibilidade de formação e ascensão social. A escola pública é uma instituição relevante, formativa e o professor é um incentivador do sucesso escolar. Os achados ressaltam a importância do atendimento educacional nas escolas públicas como forma de garantir a formação para a cidadania de adolescentes e jovens.
GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES ON INTERNET INTERMEDIARY COMPANIES IN PROTECTING THE PRIVACY OF PERSONAL DATA IN INDONESIA
Authors: Kusumawardani Saskia , Rosadi Sinta Dewi , Gultom Elisatris
Published: July 2020

The implementation of good corporate governance (GCG) is the main foundation of companies that needs to run their business activities for a long period. Along with the development of technology and information, the implementation of GCG is increasingly needed for internet intermediary platform providers in carrying out their business activities. The implementation of GCG principles can also reduce the risk of failure in protecting privacy of personal data on the platform. The related principles are transparency, accountability, and responsibility principle by taking into account a number of laws and regulations such as Law No. 11 of 2008 as amended by Law No. of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law), Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019 (GR 71/2019), and Ministry of Communication and Information Regulation No. 20 of 2016. This research will use a normative juridical research method that takes into account the provisions of the legislation and other relevant documents. As a result, the implementation of  GCG is not fully implemented in the case of failure in protecting privacy of personal data in internet intermediary company (PT Bukalapak), thus the legal attempt that can be applied to manifest the company’s liability refers back to ITE Law, GR 71/2019, and Ministry of Communication and Information Regulation 20/2016 which are compensation and administrative sanctions. 
Закономерности эпидемического распространения SARS-CoV-2 в условиях мегаполиса
Authors: Акимкин Василий
Published: July 2020

Цель исследования - изучить закономерности, свойственные эпидемическому процессу COVID-19 в условиях мегаполиса, в фазах подъема, стабилизации и снижения заболеваемости, а также оценить эффективность принятых противоэпидемических мероприятий.

Материалы и методы

Проведено комплексное исследование по изучению распространения SARS-CoV-2 в Москве с использованием эпидемиологического, молекулярно-генетического и статистического методов исследования в период пандемии COVID-19.

Результаты и обсуждение

Показано, что применение максимально жестких, в пределах разумной достаточности, организационно-ограничительных мер в масштабах г. Москвы, обеспечивающих разрыв механизма передачи SARS-CoV-2, высокая дисциплина населения по исполнению режима самоизоляции, позволили не допустить экспоненциального роста заболеваемости COVID-19. Анализ динамики выявления новых случаев COVID-19 показал, что эффект от применения мер по разобщению и режима самоизоляции в условиях мегаполиса наступает через временной промежуток равный 3,5 инкубационных периода при его максимальной длительности в 14 дней. Установлено, что показатель частоты определения РНК SARS-CoV-2 среди условно здорового населения и его динамика - важные параметры мониторинга, особенно на фазах роста и стабилизации заболеваемости COVID-19, позволяющие в перспективе 1-2 инкубационных периодов (14-28 дней) прогнозировать развитие эпидемиологической ситуации. Общий коэффициент летальности, рассчитанный за период наблюдения (06.03-26.06.2020) в Москве, составил 1,73%.

Заключение. В результате проведенного эпидемиологического анализа ситуации с COVID-19 в Москве определены некоторые закономерности распространения SARS-CoV-2 и оценена эффективность противоэпидемических мероприятий, направленных на разрыв механизма передачи возбудителя.
Unusual Triad of Bifid Median Nerve, Persistent Median Artery, and Aberrant Muscle Causing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Dhal Anil , Prakash Saket , Kalra Pulkit , Khan Yasim
Published: July 2020

Case:

A 15-year-old boy presented with intermittent pain, in the left nondominant hand, for the past 3 years. He recently developed numbness in the radial 3 and a half digits. Ultrasonography revealed a bifid median nerve (BMN) with a persistent median artery (PMA). An open carpal tunnel release was performed, which revealed an accessory lumbrical muscle in addition to the BMN and a PMA.

Conclusion:

The surgeon should be aware of the possible coexistence of 3 anomalous structures while performing carpal tunnel release in a young patient.
Routine Fracture Fixation for a Periprosthetic Hip Fracture Below Birmingham Hip Resurfacing
Authors: van Rijn Jordy , Koper Maarten C. , Bos Pieter K.
Published: July 2020

Case:

We present a case of a 56-year-old man who sustained a basal cervical periprosthetic fracture around a well-fixed metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty (MoMHRA). Although several fixation methods have been described, there seems to be no consensus about the optimal fixation method for fractures around MoMHRAs. This fracture could be regarded as a Vancouver type-B1 or -C periprosthetic fracture, so we successfully treated our patient in a standard way with a dynamic hip screw (DHS) and one cannulated hip screw.

Conclusion:

We describe DHS fixation as a successful treatment option for periprosthetic hip fractures around well-fixed MoMHRA.
Ankle Ganglion Associated with Tarsal Coalition
Authors: Rocchi Vanna , Mubarak Scott
Published: July 2020

Case:

Talocalcaneal coalition (TCC) is a common type of coalition, often neglected. This case is of a 10-year-old girl with a painful ankle mass, diagnosed with TCC and a ganglion cyst. Examination revealed stiff subtalar motion, a submalleolar prominence, and well-circumscribed, tender mass at the posteromedial ankle. Treatment options include short period of casting/observation, excision vs. aspiration of the cyst, resection of the TC coalition, or a combination of the above. She underwent TCC resection with cyst aspiration.

Conclusion:

At the 5-year follow-up, the patient's examination and imaging revealed normal motion without cyst recurrence, indicating resolution of the cyst with coalition resection.
Hemorrhagic Synovitis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Authors: Ensminger William P. , Friedman Elizabeth , Templeton Kimberly J.
Published: July 2020

Case:

A 69-year-old woman presented with a painful mass at her first metatarsophalangeal joint. Further evaluation was concerning for a neoplastic process, leading to surgical intervention. Pathological examination demonstrated hemosiderotic synovitis, and hematologic evaluation led to a new diagnosis of von Willebrand disease.

Conclusion:

Hemorrhagic synovitis, involving mostly larger joints, has been well described. However, a literature search demonstrates no cases of this in the foot or toes. Presentation of hemarthroses and underlying coagulopathies can be subtle and must be considered in patients presenting with soft-tissue masses or pseudotumors, despite having no previous diagnosis.
PENGARUH SOSIAL MEDIA MARKETING, EKUITAS MEREK, DAN CITRA DESTINASI TERHADAP MINAT BERKUNJUNG KE TEMPAT WISATA
Authors: Isman Isman , Patalo Ryan Gerry , Pratama Dimas Eka
Published: July 2020

Jatim Park 3 is a tourist destination in Batu City with the concept of a blend of tourism and education. There are several rides in Jatim Park 3, namely; Dino Park, Indonesian Music Gallery, Fun Tech Plaza, 6D Cinema, etc. Social media marketing trends are also found in the tourism industry in Indonesia and Jawa Timur Park 3 is a new place of entertainment and education in Batu Tourism City which is not yet widely known by the general public, considering that this tourist spot was only inaugurated in November 2017. So that JTP 3 needs to be vigorous to carry out marketing activities to introduce its products to the wider community. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of social media marketing, Brand Equity and destination image on visiting interests. The population in this study were all followers of Jatim Park 3 social media accounts in the form of facebook, by taking a sample of 150 people. Multiple linear regression and hypothesis testing are the analytical methods used, and the results of the research show that social media marketing influences visiting interests. Brand Equity / Brand Equity affects the interest in visiting. Destination image has no significant effect on visiting interest.
Randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in facilitating the healing of chronic foot ulcers in diabetic patients: the study protocol
Authors: Lopes Jocefabia Reika Alves , Dias Mariza D’Agostino , Correa João Antonio , Batalha Maria Alice Bragagnolo , Guerra Luanda Karla Dantas
Published: July 2020

Background: Diabetic limb ulcers are highly prevalent and contribute to a significant increase in cost for the treatment of these patients in health services. However, healing of these wounds is a major health problem and may even lead to amputation. The primary aim of the current study is to evaluate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in facilitating the healing of diabetic foot ulcers, in addition to secondarily evaluating whether it reduces the number of amputations and improves the quality of life in these patients.Methods: A non-blind randomised clinical study will be conducted in the city of Imperatriz, Maranhão state, Brazil from 2019 to 2020, in diabetic patients with chronic foot ulcers (classified as Wagner grade 2, 3, and 4, persisting for more than one month). The outpatient follow-up for diabetic foot patients will be done at the Unified Health System, with a sample size of 120 patients (the randomisation allocation will be 1:1, being 60 patients for each arm). Half of the patients will receive standard treatment, i.e. dressings, debridement, antibiotics, and load relief, along with HBOT (HBOT group), and the other half will receive only standard treatment (control group). The patients of the HBOT group will be evaluated upon admission, after 10, 20, 30 and 35 HBOT sessions, and after six months and one year. The patients of the control group will also be evaluated at equivalent periods (upon admission, after 2, 4, 6 and 7 weeks, six months and one year). The SF-36 quality of life questionnaire will be filled upon admission and after three months of follow-up in both groups. The primary and secondary endpoints will be assessed with 1 year of follow-up.Discussion: Diabetic foot ulcers are a highly prevalent complication of diabetes with serious consequences. A study to assess the efficacy of HBOT in healing the ulcers and reducing the rate of amputations in diabetic patients is justified, which will eventually aid in the development of guidelines for treating these ulcers. Trial registration: Registration number RBR-7bd3xy. Registered 17 July 2019 – Retrospectively registered, http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-7bd3xy
Reliability and validity of the Mandarin version of the Head and Neck Cancer-specific Supportive Care Needs (SCNS-HNC) scale
Authors: LYU Jianxia , Yin Li , Cheng Ping , Li Bin , Peng Shanshan , Yang Chunlian , Yang Jing , Liang Haixin , Jiang Qinghua
Published: July 2020

Background: This study aimed to translate the English version of the supportive care needs scale of head and neck cancer patients (SCNS-HNC) questionnaire into Mandarin and to test its reliability and validity.Methods: The Mandarin version of the Supportive Care Needs Survey Short-Form (SCNS-SF34) and SCNS-HNC scales were used to assess 206 patients with head and neck cancer in Chengdu, China. Among them, 51 patients were re-tested 2 or 3 days after the first survey. The internal consistency of the scale was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the retest reliability of the scale was evaluated by retest correlation coefficient r, the structural validity of the scale was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis, and the ceiling and floor effects of the scale were evaluated.Results: The Mandarin version of the SCNS-HNC had Cronbach's alpha coefficients greater than 0.700 (0.737 ≤ 0.962) for all of the domains. Except for the psychological demand dimension (r=0.674) of the SCNS-SF34 scale, the retest reliability of the other domains was greater than 0.8. Three common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 64.39%. Conclusions: The Mandarin version of the SCNS-HNC demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity and is able to measure the supportive care needs of Chinese patients with head and neck cancer.Clinical registration number: ChiCTR1900026635
Extended Input–Output Model for Urbanization An Empirical Test Using Chinese Data
Authors: Okamoto Nobuhiro
Published: July 2020

Although the input–output model has been widely used for both pure economic analysis and environmental issues, demographic analysis has been relegated to the periphery of the input–output literature. Previous researchers have made significant contributions in developing the economic–demographic modeling from the unemployment perspective, in the context of shrinking regional economies. This study aims to develop an extended input–output model for urbanization, based on the Batey–Madden model by incorporating the “urbanization process.” This process is associated with one of the facets of demographic change and has received little attention in the literature. The effectiveness of the model is theoretically explored and empirically tested using Chinese data, which show rapid progress of urbanization in China. The study proposes a new “urbanization multiplier,” which implies strong population concentration in cities based on an employment multiplier in urban areas and labor allocation possibilities between urban and rural areas. The result from a preliminary application show that the economic structure can determine the urbanization multiplier, indicating that the extent of employment opportunities promotes urbanization and the size of the population attracts more workers from rural areas. The model provides a fresh aspect of urbanization in existing literature.
The host cellular protein Ndufaf4 interacts with the vesicular stomatitis virus M protein and affects viral propagation
Authors: Pan Wei , Wang Hongmei , He Hongbin
Published: July 2020

Background: Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is an archetypal member of Mononegavirales which causes important diseases in cattle, horses and pigs. The matrix protein (M) of VSV plays critical roles in the replication, assembly/budding and pathogenesis of VSV. To further investigate the role of M during viral growth, we used a two-hybrid system to screen for host factors that interact with the M protein. Results: Here, NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex assembly factor 4 (Ndufaf4) was identified as an M-binding partner, and this interaction was confirmed by yeast cotransformation and GST pulldown assays. The globular domain of M was mapped and shown to be critical for the M-Ndufaf4 interaction. Two double mutations (E156A/H157A, D180A/E181A) in M impaired the M-Ndufaf4 interaction. Overexpression of Ndufaf4 inhibited VSV propagation, and knockdown of Ndufaf4 by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) markedly promoted VSV replication. Finally, we also demonstrate that the anti-VSV effect of Ndufaf4 is independent of activation of the type I IFN response. These results indicated that Ndufaf4 might exploit other mechanisms to affect VSV replication. Conclusions: In summary, we identify Ndufaf4 as a potential target for the inhibition of VSV propagation. These results provided further insight into the study of VSVpathogenesis.
Genome wide analysis of the transcriptional profiles in different regions of the developing rice grains
Authors: Wu Ting-Ying , Müller Marlen , Gruissem Wilhelm , Bhullar Navreet K.
Published: July 2020

Background Rice is an important food source for humans worldwide. Because of its nutritional and agricultural significance, a number of studies addressed various aspects of rice grain development and grain filling. Nevertheless, the molecular processes underlying grain filling and development, and in particular in different contributions of grain tissues to these process, are not understood. Main text Using RNA-sequencing, we profiled gene expression activity in grain tissues comprised of cross cells (CC), the nucellar epidermis (NE), ovular vascular trace (OVT), endosperm (EN) and the aleurone layer (AL). These tissues were dissected using laser capture microdissection (LCM) at three distinct grain development stages. The mRNA expression datasets offer comprehensive and new insights into the gene expression patterns in different rice grain tissues and their contributions to grain development. Comparative analysis of the different tissues revealed their similar and/or unique functions, as well as the spatio-temporal regulation of common and tissue-specific genes. The expression patterns of genes encoding hormones and transporters indicate an important role of the OVT tissue in metabolite transport during grain development. Gene co-expression network prediction on OVT-specific genes identified several distinct and common development-specific transcription factors. Further analysis of enriched DNA sequence motifs proximal to OVT-specific genes revealed known and novel DNA sequence motifs relevant to rice grain development. Conclusion Together, the dataset of gene expression in rice grain tissues is a novel and useful resource for further work to dissect the molecular and metabolic processes during rice grain development.
Polish Cross-cultural Adaptation of the Lower Limb Functional Index (LLFI) demonstrates a Valid Outcome Measure for the Lower Limb Region and Joints
Authors: Bejer Agnieszka , Podufały Agnieszka , Kyc Sylwia , Michałek Magdalena , Mataczyński Piotr , Domka-Jopek Elżbieta , Melloh Markus , Gabel Charles Philip
Published: July 2020

Background: Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are recommended to enable the standardization of collected data and provide accurate representation of the patients’ subjective opinions of their functional capabilities. The purpose of this study was to perform linguistic and cross-cultural adaptation to establish a Polish version of the Lower Limb Functional Index (LLFI), and to evaluate the psychometric properties of internal consistency, reliability, error score, validity, and factor structure with standardized criteria PROMs in a population with lower limb problems.Methods: Linguistic and cultural adaptation complied with the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) guidelines to produce the Lower Limb Functional Index - Polish version (LLFI-PL). This was a two-stage, cross-sectional study with repeated measures on two variables during retest examination. The study recruited n=125 subjects (age =52.86±19.53 years, range 20-87, 56% female, injury duration =17.69±18.39 weeks, range 5-71). Baseline reliability and construct validity included the LLFI-PL, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Euroqol Health Questionnaire 5-Dimensions (EQ-5D-5L), and an 11-point pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), with retest at 3-7 days. Practicality for readability was considered within the face and content validity. Completion and scoring time were also calculated. Results: Statistical analysis showed high internal consistency (α=0.94) that is below the 0.95 threshold limit, and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC2.1=0.96). The error score found the SEM=4.85% with MDC90=11.3%. Validity analysis showed strong correlations between the LLFI-PL with the WOMAC (r=-0.81) and moderate with the EQ-5D-5L (r=-0.63). Exploratory factor analysis confirmed a single-factor structure. Times for completion (172±33 seconds) and scoring (20±9 seconds) were determined.Conclusions: The LLFI-PL is a psychometrically sound questionnaire for Polish-speaking patients with lower limb musculoskeletal conditions. The results support the findings of previous original-English, Spanish, and Turkish versions for internal consistency, validity, reliability, error score, and factor structure.
Development and Feasibility of A Tailored Habit-based Dietary Intervention Coupled With Natural Tooth Replacement On The Nutritional Status Of Older Patients
Authors: McCrum Leigh-Ann , Watson Sinead , McGowan Laura , Mcguinness Bernadette , Cardwell Chris , Clarke Mike , Woodside Jayne V , McKenna Gerry
Published: July 2020

Background: Older adults suffering partial tooth loss may need additional intervention strategies other than natural tooth replacement alone to improve their nutritional status. This study aimed to design and develop a habit-based tailored dietary intervention and to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, in conjunction with natural tooth replacement, amongst partially dentate older adults. Methods: The design and development of the dietary intervention (Phase 1) consisted of analysis of the target population’s dietary intake and qualitative research through focus groups with community-dwelling older adults (aged 65 years and over). The dietary intervention consisted of forming three healthy dietary habits around fruits and vegetables, wholegrains and healthy proteins. Feasibility of the intervention was then tested among older adults who had recently completed dental treatment for natural tooth replacement in a small non-randomised single arm study (Phase 2). The principal feasibility outcome was the usability and acceptability of the intervention which was measured using evaluation questionnaires and by conducting post-intervention semi-structured interviews. Supporting outcomes consisted of feasibility of screening procedures; recruitment strategies; and retention/ attrition rates as well as the participant’s compliance to the intervention assessed through self-monitoring tracking sheets. Results: Twenty-one older adults (mean [SD] age 72.1 [10.4].) took part in one of four focus group discussions (Phase 1). Twelve themes related to barriers (e.g oral health, appetite) and facilitators (e.g nutritional knowledge, retirement) of healthy eating guided intervention development, as did a further five themes when asked for direct intervention feedback. Nine older adult participants (mean [SD] age 72.5[9.7]) were recruited into the feasibility study (Phase 2) where eight themes were identified from feedback interview discussions. The principal outcome measures identified intervention feasibility as participants considered the intervention acceptable and useable as both the evaluation questionnaire and qualitative interview results were overwhelmingly positive. As a supporting outcome measure, strong intervention compliance was also achieved. Screening procedures were accepted but additional recruitment strategies (e.g incorporation of home study visits or recruitment via posters advertisement) may benefit future study enrolment and retention. Conclusion: Phase 1 and Phase 2 findings have allowed for an iterative, user-driven intervention to be developed and refined for a randomised control study to evaluate the intervention’s effectiveness.Trial registration: ISRCTN66118345
Vitality Models Found Useful in Modeling Tag-Failure Times in Acoustic-tag Survival Studies
Authors: Skalski John R. , Whitlock Steven L.
Published: July 2020

Acoustic telemetry studies often rely on the assumption that premature tag failure does not affect the validity of inferences. However, in some cases this assumption is possibly or likely invalid and it is necessary to apply a correction to estimation procedures. The question of which approaches and specific models are best suited to modeling acoustic tag failures has received little research attention. In this short communication, we present a meta-analysis of 42 acoustic tag-life studies, originally used to correct survival studies involving outmigrating juvenile salmonids in the Columbia/Snake river basin. We compare the performance of nine alternative parametric models including common failure-time/survival models and the vitality models of Li and Anderson (2009 and 2013). The tag-life studies used acoustic tags from three different tag manufacturers, had expected lifetimes between 12 and 61 days, and had dry weights ranging from 0.22 to 1.65 grams. In 57% of the cases, the vitality models of Li and Anderson (2009 and 2013) fit the tag failure-times best. The vitality models were also the second-best choices in 17% of the cases. Together, the vitality models, log-logistic, (19%), and gamma models (14%) accounted for 90% of the models selected. Unlike more traditional failure-time models (e.g., Weibull, Gompertz, gamma, and log-logistic), the vitality models are capable of characterizing both the early onset of tag failure due to manufacturing errors and the anticipated battery life. We provide further guidance on appropriate sample sizes (50–100 tags) and procedures to be considered when applying precise tag-life corrections in release-recapture survival studies.
The affordability of a healthy and sustainable diet: An Australian case study.
Authors: Goulding Tara , Lindberg Rebecca , Russell Catherine Georgina
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND/AIMS: EAT–Lancet Commission’s Planetary Health Diet proposed a diet that integrates nutrition and sustainability considerations, however its affordability is unknown in many country-specific contexts, including Australia. The aim of this study is to develop a healthy and sustainable food basket modelled on the Planetary Health Diet to determine the affordability of the Planetary Health Diet basket across various socio-economic groups, and compare this affordability with a food basket modelled on the typical current diet, in an Australian setting.METHODS: An Australian-specific Planetary Health Diet basket was developed for a reference household (2 adults and 2 children) modelled on the Planetary Health Diet reference diet, and compared to a previously-developed Typical Australian Diet basket. The cost of each food basket was determined by online supermarket shopping surveys in low, medium and high socio-economic areas in each Australian state. Basket affordability was determined for the reference household by comparing the basket cost to disposable income in each socio-economic group in each state. Mann-Whitney U tests then determined if there were significant differences between the median costs and the median affordability of both baskets.RESULTS: The Planetary Health Diet basket was shown to be less expensive and more affordable than the Typical Australian Diet basket nationally, in all metropolitan areas, in all socio-economic groups across Australia (median cost: Planetary Health Diet=AUD$188.21, Typical Australian Diet=AUD$224.36; median affordability: Planetary Health Diet=13%, Typical Australian Diet=16%; p=<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the Planetary Health Diet to be more affordable than the Typical Australian Diet for metropolitan-dwelling Australians.IMPLICATIONS: These results can help to inform public health and food policy aimed at achieving a healthy and sustainable future for all Australians, including reductions in overweight/obesity rates and increased food security.
Implications of AB0 blood group in hypertensive patients with covid-19
Authors: Sardu Celestino , Marfella Raffaele , Maggi Paolo , Messina Vincenzo , Sardu Antonio , Cirillo Paolo , Codella Vinicio , Gambardella Jessica , Gatta Gianluca , Santulli Gaetano , Paolisso Giuseppe
Published: July 2020

Background: Hypertension is the most frequent co-morbidity in patients with covid-19 infection.Study hypothesis: Our hypothesis is that a specific blood group could play a key role in the clinical outcome of hypertensive patients with covid-19.Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, we compared 0 vs. non-0 blood group in hypertensive patients with covid-19 infection. In these patients, we evaluated inflammatory and thrombotic status, cardiac injury, and death events.Results: Patients in non-0 (n=92) vs. 0 blood group (n=72) had significantly different values of activated pro-thrombin time, D-dimer, and thrombotic indexes as Von Willebrand factor and Factor VIII (p<0.05). Furthermore, patients in non-0 vs. 0 blood group had higher rate of cardiac injury (10 (13.9%) vs. 27 (29.3%)) and death, (6 (8.3%) vs. 18 (19.6%)), (p <0.05). At the multivariate analysis, Interleukin-6 (1.118, CI 95% 1.067-1.171) and non-0 blood group (2.574, CI 95% 1.207-5.490) were independent predictors of cardiac injury in hypertensive patients with covid-19. D-dimer (1.082, CI 95% 1.027-1.140), Interleukin-6 (1.216, CI 95% 1.082-1.367) and non-0 blood group (3.706, CI 95% 1.223-11.235) were independent predictors of deaths events in hypertensive patients with covid-19. Conclusions: Taken together, our data indicate that non-0 covid-19 hypertensive patients have significantly higher values of pro-thrombotic indexes, as well as higher rate of cardiac injury and deaths compared to 0 patients. Moreover, AB0 blood type influences worse prognosis in hypertensive patients with covid-19 infection.
Development of significant disease in a cohort of patients with non-specific enteritis on capsule endoscopy. Clinical suspicion and a high base line Lewis score are predictive of Crohn’s disease
Authors: Sihag Sandeep , Tan Brandon , Semenov Serhiy , Ismail Mohd Syafiq , Ryan Barbara , O'Connor Anthony , Breslin Niall , Douglas Atiyekeogbebe Rita , McNamara Deirdre
Published: July 2020

Background: As with isolated ileitis the findings of nonspecific small bowel enteritis (NSE) on capsule endoscopy (CE) poses a clinical challenge. There is lack of available evidence to help clinicians to predict significant disease and long-term prognosis.Methods: We aimed to define the natural history of NSE in an Irish cohort. Patients with a finding of NSE were identified from a database. Subsequent investigations, treatments and diagnosis were recorded. Patients were grouped based on ultimate diagnosis: Crohn’s disease (CD), Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), NSAIDs enteritis (NSAIDs), persistent NSE and no significant disease (NAD).Results: 88 patients, 46 (52%) male, mean age 52 +- 17.8 years were included with a mean follow up of 23 +- 19 months. The ultimate diagnoses were NAD=43 (49%), CD =17 (19%), IBS =14 (16%), NSAIDs =12 (14%) and persistent NSE=2 (2%). Significantly, more patients diagnosed with CD on follow up were referred with suspected CD. CD= 14/17 (82%) vs 13/57 (23%), p < 0.001. While a diagnosis of CD was associated with a positive baseline Lewis score (>135); 11/17 (65%) CD versus 16/ 71 (23%). Female gender was associated with an ultimate diagnosis of IBS (OR 5, p <0.02). Older age was associated with NSAIDs enteritis, while more subjects without significant gastrointestinal disease were anemic on presentation.Conclusion: The majority (49%) of NSE patients do not develop significant small bowel disease. CD occurred in 19% of NSE patients on follow up. Clinical suspicion and capsule severity are predictive of Crohn’s disease on initial CE.
Effects of Robot-Aided Rehabilitation on Improving Ankle and Balance Performance of Stroke Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhai Xiaoxue , Wu Qiong , Xu Quan , Li Xin , Zhang Yanlin , Fan Senchao , Zhang Li-Qun , Pan Yu
Published: July 2020

Background: Stroke survivors often experience abnormal posture control, which affects balance and locomotion. The ankle strategy is important in maintaining static balance. Prolonged spasticity may result in biomechanical changes at the ankle joint, which may cause balance disorders. The intelligent stretching device may decrease the stiffness of the ankle and improve balance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of robot-aided ankle rehabilitation of stroke survivors with ankle spasticity and the correlations between biomechanical properties and balance in these patients. Methods: Twenty inpatients post stroke with ankle spasticity performed 20 minutes of stretching treatment for 2 weeks. The study group used a rehabilitation robot to stretch the spastic ankle plantar flexors under intelligent control and the control group received manual stretching. Outcome measures included biomechanical, clinical evaluations and Pro-Kin balance test. Results: After training, significant improvements were found in both groups in the active range of motion, muscle strength, Berg Balance Scale, Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment of Lower Extremity, Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients, 6-minute walk test, and Modified Barthel Index (P<0.05); significant decreases were found in the study group in dorsiflexion stiffness, Modified Ashworth Scale, trajectory lengths, elliptical trajectory, standard deviation medial/lateral, average speed forward/backward with eyes closed, and standard deviation forward/backward with eyes open (P=0.001, P=0.037, P=0.028, P=0.019, P=0.016, P=0.001, and P=0.033, respectively); dorsiflexion stiffness was positively correlated with the Pro-Kin balance test outcomes: ellipse area, trajectory length, average speed forward/backward, average speed medial/lateral with eyes open ( =0.352, P=0.026; =0.522, P=0.001; =0.045, P=0.004; =0.433, P=0.005, respectively); dorsiflexion stiffness was correlated with the Modified Ashworth Scale ( =0.265, P=0.041); the study group improved significantly more than the control group in the activities of daily living after training (P =0 .017). Conclusions: The results suggested that robot-aided ankle rehabilitation had a positive effect on the biomechanical properties of the spastic ankle, and it may be feasible to improve balance post-stroke. Ankle dorsiflexion stiffness affected balance poststroke significantly; it may be a sensitive indicator for evaluating balance. Trial registration: www.chictr.org.cn ChiCTR1900022128. Registered 21 February 2020. Retrospectively registered.
Relationship between oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) index, body composition and blood biochemical markers in overweight /obese compared to normal weight subjects: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Madani Zahra , javardi Maryam sadat Mousavi , Djazayeri Seyyed abolghassem , Movahedi Ariyo , Karandish Majid
Published: July 2020

Background: Obesity is an important preventable disease, which promotes the development of chronic disorders by altering several factors including oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants protect the body against oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential association of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) index with obesity and its associated features in adults.Methods: participants were divided in two groups of normal weight and overweight /obesity. General characteristics were registered and a 147-item food frequency questionnaire was completed. Thereafter, anthropometric measurements were conducted. Biochemical indices were obtained from science and Research branch of Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Iran. The amount of the dietary ORAC index was estimated using the data provided by the USDA Foods Table.Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the normal and overweight/obese groups in terms of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (P=0.0001). Participants with normal weight consumed more fruits and vegetables than another group. Also, the dietary ORAC index in normal individuals was higher than the case group, but there was not significant difference (P=0.352). There was also a significant inverse correlation between dietary ORAC and BMI and WHR, whereas a significant positive correlation between dietary ORAC and plasma HDL was observed (P<0.05).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that dietary antioxidants is inversely associated with BMI, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, total Cholesterol and LDL in both groups. It seems that following a diet rich in antioxidants can counteract obesity and its associated comorbidities.
Yield and yield-reduction in recent drought years in southern Tigray, northern Ethiopia: Implications on food security
Authors: Eze Emmanuel , Okolo Chukwuebuka Christopher , Negash Emnet
Published: July 2020

The consequences of prolonged precipitation-deficient periods are primarily substantial water deficit, with the spatial characteristics of a place being (semi)arid, and various socioeconomic factors worsening its impacts and deepening poverty among agrarian communities.This study utilizes a combination of climate, remote sensing and field survey data from farmers to obtain a first-hand information on the impacts of recent (2015 and 2017) droughts on crop yield in Raya Azebo and Endamehoni woredas in Ethiopia. Annual rainfall, kiremt rainfall, annual NDVI and Dev-NDVI, kiremt season Dev-NDVI, monthly Dev-NDVI (for June to October), and monthly SPI-1, SPI-3 and SPI-12 (for June to October) were considered as likely factors that could relate with yield and yield loss in the area. Correlation and multiple linear stepwise regression statistical techniques were used to determine drought-yield relationships, and identify more accurate predictors of yield and yield losses in each of the drought years.Results obtained show droughts as having spatiotemporal variations and impacts, with its primary and common reflection being reduced vegetation amount, translating to crop failures, food shortages and reduced income of smallholders.Spate irrigation should be further popularized in the low-lying areas of Raya Azebo to augment for future deficiencies in the kiremt rainfall.
The Residue of Tetracycline Antibiotics in Soil and Vegetable and Its Effect on the Diversity of Soil Bacterial Community
Authors: Xu Longshui , Wang Weizhong , Xu Weihong
Published: July 2020

[Background]Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are a broad-spectrum antibiotic, widely used in livestock and poultry breeding. The residue of tetracycline antibiotics in animal manure may cause changes of soil microbial community.[Methods]On the basis of the investigation and analysis of TCs pollution in the soil of main vegetable bases and the livestock manure of major large-scale farms in Chongqing, China, the effects of tetracycline antibiotics on the structure and diversity of soil microbial community were investigated by high-throughput sequencing.[Results]The TCs content in soil was increased by applying livestock manure. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under pig manure treatment were 171.07-660.20 μg·kg-1, 25.38-345.78 μg·kg-1 and 170.77-707.47 μg·kg-1, respectively. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under the treatment of chicken manure were 166.62-353.61 μg·kg-1, 122.25-251.23 μg·kg-1 and 15.12-80.91 μg·kg-1 respectively. The content of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) in edible parts of Brassica juncea var. gemmifera was increased after livestock manure treatment, among which pig manure had the greatest influence on the increase of TCs content, and the larger the dosage of pig manure was, the more significant the increase of TCs content was. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chioroflexi and bacteroidetes under livestock manure treatment were the dominant phyla, accounting for 85.2%-92.4% of the total abundance of soil bacteria.[Conclusions]The soil OTUs under the treatment of pig manure was higher than that under the treatment of chicken manure. Biogas residue after fermentation treatment can effectively reduce the environmental and ecological risks caused by antibiotic residues.
Two distinct immunopathological profiles in lungs of lethal COVID-19
Authors: Nienhold Ronny , Ciani Yari , Koelzer Viktor , Tzankov Alexandar , Haslbauer Jasmin , Menter Thomas , Schwab Nathalie , Henkel Maurice , Frank Angela , Zsikla Veronika , Willi Niels , Kempf Werner , Hoyler Thomas , Barbareschi Mattia , Moch Holger , Tolnay Markus , Cathomas Gieri , Demichelis Francesca , Junt Tobias , Mertz Kirsten
Published: July 2020

Immune responses in lungs of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are poorly characterized. We conducted transcriptomic, histologic and cellular profiling of post mortem COVID-19 and normal lung tissues. Two distinct immunopathological reaction patterns were identified. One pattern showed high expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) and cytokines, high viral loads and limited pulmonary damage, the other pattern showed severely damaged lungs, low ISGs, low viral loads and abundant immune infiltrates. Distinct patterns of pulmonary COVID-19 immune responses correlated to hospitalization time and may guide treatment and vaccination approaches.
Closing-Wedge Distal Femoral Osteotomy Combined with Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Recurrent Patellar Dislocation with Genu Valgum
Authors: Jing Lizhong , Wang Xiaole , Liu Kun , Wang Xiaotan , Jiang Lu , Wu Di , Zhang Zhiwei , Li Zhuang , Yu Le , Wang Shaoshan , Yang Jiushan
Published: July 2020

Background: Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) is a well-established procedure for addressing recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) in young patients. However, for RPD with genu valgum, simultaneous MPFLR and closing-wedge distal femoral osteotomy (CWDFO) may be a promising procedure yet rarely reported. This study’s purpose was to observe and analyse the clinical and imaging findings of CWDFO combined with MPFLR for RPD with genu valgum.Methods: From May 2015 to Apirl 2018, 25 patients with RPD and genu valgum were surgically treated in our department. Anteroposterior long-leg, weight-bearing, lower-extremity radiographs, lateral radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans of the patellofemoral joint were obtained, and the femorotibial angle (FTA), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), weight-bearing line rate (WBLR), patellar height, patellar lateral shift (PLS) and tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance were analysed. Validated knee scores, such as the Kujala, Lysholm, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and Tegner socres, were evaluated preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively.Results: 25 patients, with an average age of 19.8 years (14–27), were evaluated. All patients had been able to achieve a better sports level without any problems during the 2-year follow-up period. There has been no recurrence of patellar instability. Compared with preoperation, the FTA, mLDFA, WBLR and PLS showed statistically significant improvement following the procedure (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, no significant differences in the Insall index and TT-TG distance was found. The mean Kujala score, average Lysholm score, VAS score and Tegner socres showed significant improvement postoperatively.Conclusions: CWDFO combined with MPFLR is a suitable treatment for RPD with genu valgum, as it leads to significant improvement in the clinical and imaging findings of the knee in the short term.
Generation and molecular characteristics of a highly attenuated GPV strain through adaptation in GEF cells
Authors: Shao Hongxia , Jiang Yuchen , Yuan Huisha , Ji Lifei , Jin Wenjie , Qian Kun , Ye Jianqiang , Qin Aijian
Published: July 2020

Background: Goose parvovirus (GPV) has spread globally and causes huge ecomonic loss to poultry industry. Although the attenuated GPV vaccines play vital roles in preventing the disease caused by GPV, the molecular basis for the attenuation of GPV is barely known. Results: A highly attenuated GPV strain GPV-CZM-142 was generated through blindly passaging of the highly pathogenic strain GPV-CZM in goose embryo fibroblasts (GEF) for 142 generations. The virulence of the GEF-adapted GPV strain was 10000 times less than that of the wild type GPV-CZM based on the ELD50. Genome sequencing revealed that a novel insertion in ITR and host adapted mutations in NS and VP1 were found in GPV-CZM-142 in comparison with the wild type strain.Conclusions: The generation of the highly attenuated GPV strain GPV-CZM-142 and the identified virulence-related insertion/mutation profile in the genome not only provided GPV attenuated vaccine candidate, but also gives novel insights into the molecular determinants for GPV attenuation.