bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth and Quality of Four Zinnia Cultivars Grown in Eastern South Dakota
Authors: Fitzpatrick Ellen , Voye Hannah , Barnes Alexis R. , Lang Kristine
Published: September 2024

Over the past two decades, interest in local specialty cut flower production in eastern South Dakota has grown, with several new flower farms being established across the region. However, there is currently no local, research-based information available to support growers in this new wave of interest. The purpose of this study was to assess the production and quality of four zinnia cultivars grown in eastern South Dakota to support local specialty cut flower growers in their operations. A randomized complete block design was used to evaluate four zinnia cultivars (Zinderella Peach, Oklahoma Ivory, Queen Red Lime, and Benary’s Giant Purple) grown in 2022 and 2023. Zinnias were started by seed in the greenhouse and transplanted into the field in early summer each season. Harvest began each year when flowers reached maturity (July), with one harvest event taking place each week until the first frost. Harvested flowers were rated as marketable or nonmarketable based on categories of stem length (≥18-inch-long, 13- to 17.99-inch-long, 8- to 12.99-inch-long, and <8-inch-long stems), as well as nonmarketable due to defects (curved stems, insect damage, and other damage). ‘Benary’s Giant Purple’ produced high numbers of marketable long stems and had the largest bloom size, whereas ‘Queen Red Lime’ and ‘Oklahoma Ivory’ produced high numbers of marketable medium-length stems and had lower amounts of insect damage. ‘Zinderella Peach’ produced the shortest and most insect-damaged stems and also produced lower numbers of curved stems compared with the other three cultivars. All four cultivars produced high numbers of marketable flowers and would be suitable choices for specialty cut flower growers in eastern South Dakota.
A Current View on Strawberry Production Practices and Trends in the Northeastern United States and Canada
Authors: Hodgdon Elisabeth A. , Conner David S. , McDermott Laura G. , Pritts Marvin P. , Handley David T. , Orde Kaitlyn M. , Grube Sideman Rebecca
Published: September 2024

Strawberries (Fragaria ×ananassa) are an important crop for diversified fruit and vegetable farms in the northeastern United States as well as in Ontario and Québec, Canada. The industry in this cold climate region differs greatly from that in the major strawberry-producing states of Florida and California because strawberries typically represent a smaller share of total farm revenue and are sold primarily through retail markets. In recent years, strawberry production and marketing methods in the northeastern United States and Canada have diversified to meet the unique challenges of the region, including regional demand, extended seasons, and management of an increasingly challenging pest and disease complex. In 2020, we distributed an online survey to 163 commercial producers to obtain a snapshot of marketing and production practices used on strawberry-producing farms in this region and to assess research and outreach needs to better serve the industry. We conducted in-depth case study interviews with a small number of producers after the survey. We found that traditional June-bearing strawberry production continues to represent >50% of production, and that most fruit are grown conventionally. Day-neutral strawberry production was reported by an increased number of producers in New York as well as in Canada, and a higher percentage of day-neutral growers, compared to that of June-bearing producers, reported using protected culture. Botrytis (gray mold), weeds, and leaf spots were the top overall pest pressures indicated by growers. Survey respondents preferred written outreach materials and on-farm meetings to obtain information. Integrated pest management, organic production, and cultivar performance were the top priorities for subjects. The survey and interviews also provided information about the most common strategies for winter protection, frequency of pesticide applications, lifespan of plantings, and other current strawberry production practices in the region. Our survey results may be used by researchers and extension professionals to better serve this diversifying industry.
ACCOMPAGNEMENT DES ENFANTS AUTISTES A LEPREUVE DES REPRESENTATIONS SOCIALES DES ORTHOPHONISTES : UNE APPROCHE PSYCHOSOCIALE
Authors:   Docteure en Psychologie Sociale du Developpement et des Organisations, Universite Mohammed-V, Faculte des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Rabat-Maroc., Zineb Zerrouk , Laila Essfioui ,   Docteure en Psychopathologie et Psychologie Clinique, Universite Mohammed-V, Faculte des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Rabat-Maroc.
Published: September 2024

This article sets two main objectives. The first consists of identifying the social representations of autism among Moroccan speech therapists. The second objective consists of analyzing the impact of these social representations on the communication support practices of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although several studies have addressed the problem of autism, especially with the increase in the number of children suffering from this disorder in recent decades, few have approached it from the angle of the theory of social representations in context Moroccan. In this article, we used the psychosocial approach, with the theory of social representations of Moscovici (1961) to understand how speech therapists who are supposed to welcome and support autistic children construct their social representations on the autism. The empirical investigation is part of a mixed study, combining an exploratory qualitative method and a quantitative method. Indeed, our study took place in two parts: The first qualitative one was carried out through a free association questionnaire (the inducing word is autism) with 80 Moroccan speech therapists working in the private and public sector. Then, we used the hierarchical evocation technique of P. VergÃ¨s (1992) to show the importance of expressions and to assess their knowledge about autism. The second step, quantitative, makesit possible to collect quantitative data with the aim of illustrating the qualitative data obtained previously, and to understand the reality as objectively as possible, of the impact of social representations of autism among speech therapists on communication support practices for autistic children. Finally, we proceed to a discussion of the results obtained through this research.
MODEL OF ELECTRONIC ASSESSMENT SYSTEM OUTSIDE OF CLASSTIME IN VOCATIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION - ESSENCE, ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES
Authors:   PHD Student Eng. Faculty of Pedagogy, Sofia University - Bulgaria., Vassilev Iliyan
Published: September 2024

This article examines the normative framework related to the assessment of students in VET in Bulgaria, as well as various modern electronic technologies for assessing the knowledge and skills of learners. An extracurricular grading model is presented to automatically grade and log the students grade in the school e-Journal. A SWOT analysis is made, and the results of a survey among teachers from secondary schools and vocational high schools are presented, which aims to explore their opinion on the effectiveness of such electronic assessment which is not during class time. The results are not strongly connected only with Bulgaria but arepresumably relevant for more broad discourse of the assessment in VET with its characeristics and specifics mentioned in the main part analysis.
BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AT COMMUNITY POINT SOURCES, IN ARUA DISTRICT, UGANDA
Authors: Norman Asiku , Stella Immaculate Akech , Bosco Opio
Published: September 2024

Background: Access to ample and safe water is vital, yet many globally lack this essential resource. Each year, 3.4 million individuals die from water-related diseases. Specifically, in Uganda, annual estimates suggest 89,000 cholera cases, resulting in 3,000 deaths. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the bacteriological quality of drinking water and related factors in Arua Districts community water sources. Method: Utilizing a cross-sectional design and laboratory experiments, 140 samples were analyzed for coliform bacteria presence on filter membranes. Factors relating to contamination risks were identified via a sanitary inspection checklist. Data analysis was conducted using Stata/SE 17.0. Results: About 70.71% of samples contained bacteria, primarily total coliform. Significant risk factors included defective wastewater drainage (aOR: 19.7[5.34-72.72]), malfunctioning appliance parts (aOR: 10.7[2.52-45.92]), and inadequate or absence of fencing (aOR: 9.2[2.43-34.96]), each with a P-value <0.001. Conclusion: Ensuring safe drinking water requires treatment, quality monitoring, maintenance of appliances, and proper fencing to reduce bacterial contamination.
DETECTION OF FAKE NEWS ON TWITTER USING MACHINE LEARNING: AN XGBOOST-BASED APPROACH WITH SENTIMENT AND SOURCE CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS
Authors:   Calcutta International School, 724, Eastern Metropolitan Bypass Rd, Near Fortis Hospital, Anandapur, VIP Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India., Gupta Dhvani
Published: September 2024

The spread of fake news on social media platforms is becoming an increasingly alarming problem with fake news becoming more deceptive and harder to detect. Twitter, in particular, poses a significant threat as fake news spreads faster than real news on the platform, enhancing misinformation and leading to serious consequences.This project presents a novel machine learning-based approach for detecting fake news tweets on Twitter using the TruthSeeker 2023 dataset from the University of New Brunswick. As the largest ground truth dataset for fake news detection on social media, it contains over 130,000 crowdsourced tweets, enabling the creation of a broader and more applicable model for real-world scenarios. The algorithm employed in this study leverages the properties of gradient-boosted decision tree models (XGBoost) to develop a novel method for classifying fake and real news tweets. The proposed model preprocesses the data by extracting additional features for each tweet, such as detailed sentiment analysis of both the tweet and the related news statement, as well as features pertaining to the author. These features are added to the tweets feature vector. The enhanced feature vectors are then fed into an XGBoost model with tuned hyperparameters determined through a grid search algorithm to perform binary classification. The additional extracted features increase the robustness of the model by highlighting key differentiating factors between real and fake tweets. The results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, achieving an accuracy of 0.9335 on over 13,000 unseen tweets.
PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACHES AND STRATEGIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT AGRICULTURE
Authors:   School of Agribusiness and Agricultural Policies (EAPA)., Ayedegue Biaou Philippe Chabi ,   Laboratory of Rural Economics and Social Sciences for Sustainable Development (LERSSoDD), National University of Agriculture.,   Pierre PAGNEY Laboratory Climate, Water, Ecosystem, and Development (LACEEDE), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC)., Ayouba Lawani ,   Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Parakou, Benin., C. Guy Wokou ,   Pierre PAGNEY Laboratory Climate, Water, Ecosystem, and Development (LACEEDE), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC).,   Department of Geography and Land Planning., Tetede Rodrigue Christian Konfo ,   Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Bioresources, and Human Nutrition (LaSTABNH), National University of Agriculture.
Published: September 2024

The development of scientific and technical mastery over nature has made the practice of agriculture, which remains the adequate condition for human subsistence, problematic. Human chemistry attacks have eventually irritated the grand chemistry of nature, leading agriculture to face unprecedented climate change. Such a situation calls for philosophical reflection and leads to considering agriculture not only as an economic activity but also as a system interconnected with nature, communities, and future generations. We have reached the following result, which emphasizes the need for a philosophy of sustainability focusing on the preservation of natural resources, the promotion of environmentally friendly agricultural practices, and agricultural policies based on ethical principles of fairness, justice, and responsibility. This philosophy, aided by education and awareness-raising among farmers, promotes ecological awareness and an understanding of the challenges of climate change, thus fostering collective resilience to climate challenges.This philosophical approach to agriculture guides towards a more sustainable, resilient, and equitable agricultural future, based on values of respect for nature, community solidarity, and collective responsibility. To achieve this result, we used the direct analysis method.
SKILLS LABORATORY APPROACHES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RWANDA A CASE OF NYAGATARE DISTRICT
Authors:   MED Student, School of Education, Mount Kenya University, Rwanda., Francois Regis Hakizimana Jean , Opiyo Andala PhD Hesbon ,   Senior Lecturer, School of Education, Mount Kenya University, Rwanda.
Published: September 2024

The need for entrepreneurial skills impacting the quality of teaching and learning entrepreneurship all over the world. More emphasize have been made in teaching entrepreneurship but entrepreneurial outcome for graduate in upper secondary is still critically. The study aimed to investigate the effect of skills laboratory approaches on learning achievement in entrepreneurship in upper secondary school of Rwanda. Study utilized descriptive research. The study included a total population of 3661 individual consisting of 49 deputy head teachers in charge of studies, 102 entrepreneurship teachers and 3510 upper secondary students from upper secondary schools in Nyagatare district, the researcher determined the sample size of 361 respondents using Yamane formula. structuring questionnaire, interview and observation are employed as tools of data collection. The result indicated that 86% strongly agreed that skills laboratory boast learners engagement and confidence in activity presentation, 87.9% strongly agreed that project based assessment enable learners creation of project in student business clubs, 85.9% of respondents strongly agreed that Students business club helps learners to demonstrate entrepreneurship knowledge or skills learnt in real life, 92.2% strongly agreed that demonstration of skills lab improve pitching skills and creativity of project. Results revealed thatskills laboratory approach have positive significance to learners performance since the p value is less than 0.005 underpinning the positive relationship between skills laboratory and entrepreneurship learning achievement.The study recommends thatThe study recommends learners to become actively engaged in group discussion, presentation so that improve learners performance that result in interaction and improve their entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurship achievement rather than memorizing for purpose of getting marks.entrepreneurship teachers to use skills laboratory approaches in teaching entrepreneurship lesson so as to help learners to solve community problem. School administration for participate in capacity building of entrepreneurship teacher by organizing community of practices and continuous professional development to boost the capacity of in service teachers on using skills laboratory approaches in teaching and learning entrepreneurship. curriculum designer and policy makers due to their role in education, to revise entrepreneurship curriculum into another image of teaching-learning activities, techniques, approaches, and assessment methods of entrepreneurship for practice purpose in secondary school of Rwanda.
EMPOWERING PATIENTS WITH AI-DRIVEN PERSONALIZED MEDICINE: A PARADIGM SHIFT IN CHRONIC DISEASE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Singh Ananya
Published: September 2024

The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has opened the door to a disruptive approach to chronic illness management, centered on individualized therapy that empowers patients. This research investigates the potential of AI-driven personalized medicine to transform the treatment and management of chronic illnesses by adapting therapeutic tactics to individual patient characteristics. Traditional chronic illness management approaches frequently rely on standardized therapies, which may fail to account for a patients unique genetic, environmental, and lifestyle characteristics. AI, with its capacity to analyze large datasets and discover patterns, provides a more sophisticated approach, allowing for the development of personalized treatment regimens that maximize efficacy while minimizing side effects.The use of AI in healthcare enables real-time monitoring and continual customization of treatment regimens depending on patient reactions, promoting a proactive approach to illness management. Patients are no longer passive beneficiaries of care, but active players in their treatment journey, armed with personalized insights that allow for informed decision-making. This trend toward patient-centered care is especially important in the case of chronic illnesses, where long-term management and adherence to treatment procedures are vital for improving results. Furthermore, AI-powered tailored medicine has the potential to save healthcare costs by eliminating trial-and-error methods and averting consequences through early intervention. However, implementing this paradigm change is not without its problems. Data privacy, ethical concerns, and the need for strong regulatory frameworks must all be addressed to enable the safe and successful use of AI in customized medicine.AI-powered personalized medicine offers a paradigm change in chronic illness treatment, providing a more effective, patient-centered approach that has the potential to enhance clinical results and empower individuals. By leveraging AI, healthcare systems may transition to a future in which therapy is personalized to the individual, improving care quality and, eventually, altering the landscape of chronic illness management.
Assessment of genetic diversity of Stephania rotunda Lour. collected in Northern Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR markers
Authors: Ninh Thi Thao , Nguyen Tien Phat , Dang Huyen Trang , Chu Ha Duc , Dinh Truong Son , Nguyen Xuan Canh , Pham Thi Dung , Nguyen Thanh Hai , Nong Thi Hue
Published: September 2024

Stephania rotunda Lour. is a valuable traditional medicinal plant that is in danger of extinction. This research aimed to examine the genetic relationship of 32 Stephania rotunda Lour. accessions collected in Vietnam by using RAPD and ISSR markers. 14 RAPD and 14 ISSR primers successfully detected 163 loci of which 133 (80.19%) were polymorphic and a total of 3047 scorable bands were obtained. The 14 RAPD markers produced 1346 scorable bands, 89.63% of which were polymorphic while 14 ISSR primers resulted in 1701 bands, 70.76% of which were polymorphic. The RAPD primers showed a mean PIC of 0.3 and Rp value of 2.28 while the average PIC and Rp indexes for ISSR markers were 0.20 and 1.47, respectively. UPGMA dendrogram obtained from cluster analysis of RAPD and ISSR combined data grouped 32 accessions into five clusters at 76% variation with Jaccard's similarity coefficient varying from 0.586 to 0.951. Moreover, principal component analysis was also used to determine genetic relationships among 32 collected accessions. The results showed high genetic dissimilarity among 32 Stephania rotunda Lour. Correlation analysis between the matrices of similarity coefficient was measured using Mantel’s test. A moderate correlation value (r = 0.543) between RAPD vs ISSR matrices, but the strong correlation value between RAPD and pooled data (r = 0.930) and between ISSR and combined matrices (r = 0.814) were obtained, suggesting a combination of RAPD and ISSR markers appears to be productive in studying the genetic variance in Stephania rotunda Lour. Our results could provide a solid foundation for further conservation management and breeding programs of Stephania rotunda Lour.
Editorial
Authors: Londoño Adriana
Published: September 2024

La revista Criterios. Cuadernos de Ciencias Jurídicas y Política Internacional, atraviesa por un crucial momento que determinará de manera decisiva su futuro. En este momento se enfrenta a la nueva política para mejorar la calidad de las publicaciones científi­cas, que transforma de manera radical el modelo de clasificación de revistas científicas, en tanto se pone el acento, más que en la cali­dad editorial, en el factor de impacto de las revistas científicas, que se refleja en el número de citaciones que tiene cada uno de los artí­culos publicados.
Conflicto, Estado y sujeto: otra hermenéutica de la violencia
Authors: Jara Marlés Daniela , Reyes Guzmán Sebastián Camilo
Published: September 2024

Cuando se retoman los instrumentos de análisis de la antropo­logía de los sentidos, la iluminación profana, y las tres dimensiones de la violencia para darle una nueva explicación a las historias de vida (especialmente sus sometimientos a la violencia) de los sujetos de estudio de los autores en investigaciones previas, salen a la luz explicaciones y conclusiones que ponen de nuevo en tela de juicio las dinámicas de relacionamiento vigentes en la sociedad colombiana, las cuales proporcionan una profundización analítica y mayormente holística, en cuanto a las repercusiones ocasionadas por la injerencia del conflicto armado en el tejido social, la construcción de identi­dades socioculturales y la configuración de estructuras simbólicas, alegóricas a las tipologías de la violencia en Colombia.
La cesión de un contrato con una cooperativa de trabajo asociado como aporte en especie para la creación de una sociedad comercial en Colombia
Authors: Bernal Poeti Nicolás
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo pretende establecer las formas bajo las cuales un contrato celebrado con una cooperativa de trabajo asociado puede ser cedido a manera de aporte en especie para la constitución de una sociedad comercial en Colombia, dado el carácter especial que ostentan las cooperativas de trabajo asociado en la legislación colombiana y las limitaciones que enfrenta al proveer de servicios laborales a las empresas en el país.
Regulación y construcción del derecho laboral desde la perspectiva de la teoría del biopoder a partir de la Constitución Política de 1991, que adopta un sistema jurídico antiformalista
Authors: Restrepo Quintero María Alejandra
Published: September 2024

Este artículo pretende ilustrar cómo la teoría del biopoder que propone Michel Foucault es aplicable a las relaciones de índole laboral, que por las condiciones y surgimiento de los elementos esenciales del contrato de trabajo, en virtud del principio de la primacía de la realidad sobre las formalidades, originan su regulación, la cual deviene de la garantía y protección de los derechos fundamentales, bloque de constitucionalidad y normas del estatuto laboral, en pers- pectiva a la regulación y construcción del derecho laboral, que adopta un sistema jurídico antiformalista a partir de la promulgación de la Constitución Política de 1991.
El clientelismo político como límite a los frenos y contrapesos en los Estados constitucionales de derecho
Authors: Perilla Granados Juan Sebastián Alejandro
Published: September 2024

Un Estado constitucional se caracteriza por el equilibrio de poderes, y un Estado de derecho, por la primacía de las normas jurídicas escritas. Así, un Estado constitucional de derecho tiene como imperativo asegurar frenos y contrapesos al ejercicio del poder con fundamento en normas jurídicas escritas que priman sobre la voluntad de los gobernantes de turno. Sin embargo, este tipo de Estado puede encontrar límites a su aplicación desde el clientelismo político, el cual consiste en hacer transacciones entre diferentes ramas del poder público para garantizar réditos políticos individuales y que en ocasiones buscan asegurar gobernabilidad. Aunque desde una perspectiva general y abstracta el modelo garantiza independencia, se hacen negociaciones soterradas que desdibujan el equilibrio pretendido para este diseño estatal orgánico. Esto lleva a que los Estados constituciones de derecho con práctica clientelistas pierdan la división de poderes y puedan llegar a derivar en Estados absolutistas.
Dilemas del Derecho Laboral en los tiempos del virus Covid-19
Authors: Florián Cruz Dora Giovanna
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo contempla tres dilemas planteados a partir de las medidas adoptadas, para afrontas las difíciles situaciones econó- micas, políticas, sociales y económicas devenidas desde el descubri- miento de lo clasificado por la Organización Mundial de Salud, como virus COVID–19, que trajo consigo muchos retos, especialmente eco- nómicos para todos que habitamos este planeta tierra, en especial lo relacionado con el contrato laboral y su relación con el reconocimiento, pago y evolución de la seguridad social.

De modo que se partió del primer dilema denominado como la suspensión del Contrato Laboral en Pandemia, donde se abordaron

situaciones de cómo y cuales fueron las principales herramientas autorizadas por la ley, de parte de los empresarios, para afrontar las difíciles situaciones económicas a los que fueron sometidos y su re- lación con sus trabajadores, donde cobro especial relevancia el tema del reconocimiento y pago de la seguridad social como elemento co-sustancial de la relación empleado versus trabajador.
El segundo dilema expuesto es lo relacionado con el uso de Ba- ses Tecnológicas y normativas que protejan el aseguramiento del trabajador y su núcleo familiar, desde tal perspectiva se expuso las bondades de la cuarta revolución del mundo, como es la tecnológica y su relación con el derecho laboral como principal mecanismo de protección efectiva de los derechos de los trabajadores, ante las nue- vas modalidades de contratación.
Finalmente, como ultimo dilema abordado, se trae a colación unos antecedentes del derecho comparado respecto de la implemen-tación de modelos de seguridad social, para así proponer reformas futuras con base en un sistema de seguridad mixto para generar mayor flujo de caja, a partir de lo referenciado en grandes artícu- los provenientes de La Comisión Económica para América Latina (CEPAL), como organismo dependiente de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas responsable de promover el desarrollo económico y social de la región.
N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov. Prelude and Fugue G major in the Composer’s Autograph
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg Rimsky-Korsakov State Conservatory, Yankus Alla I.
Published: September 2024

Among the music manuscripts from the collection of N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov, stored in the Manuscripts Department of the National Library of Russia, Stock 640, manuscript No. 344 is of particular interest. This source includes sketches and completed works, of which three fugues have not been published to date, with one exception of the Prelude in G major, first published in volume 49 (A) of the Complete Works of N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov. The materials in autograph No. 344 refer to the composer’s productive period — the mid-to late-summer of 1897. The compositions he was working on at that time (including the opera “Mozart and Salieri”, Quartet in G major and Trio in С minor) were specifically reflected in the content of the autograph. This article contains a description of the manuscript Stock 640, No. 344 and the polyphonic sketches and compositions included in it. An analysis of the materials included in the autograph allows us to conclude that the manuscript does not belong to the educational works of Rimsky-Korsakov, and the musical materials included in it correspond to different forms of musical composition and are compositional manuscripts, that is, manuscripts representing the process of writing music. The specificity of the work on fugues observed in No. 344 allows us to identify among the materials a unique complex for Rimsky-Korsakov’s autographs of several types of composition of polyphonic works: sketches (mostly related to pre‑compositional work on fugues), contrapuntal probes (a term by M. Monich), analytical notes of various types and compositional manuscripts of completed works. Analytical notes of the harmonic reduction of J. S. Bach’s cis minor prelude (vol. I of “The Well-Tempered Clavier” — BWV 849) and a schematic representation of the composition of the double fugue from Mozart’s Requiem (KV 626/2) serve as genre-style models of the unreleased cycle by N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov “Prelude and Fugue in G major”. These considerations build up the second part of the article. Analytical notes of the harmonic reduction of the cis minor prelude by J. S. Bach (vol. I of “The Well-Tempered Clavier”, BWV 849) and a schematic representation of the composition of the double fugue from Mozart’s Requiem (KV 626/2) serve as genre-style models of the unpublished Rimsky-Korsakov’s cycle “Prelude and Fugue in G Major”. The second part of the article is devoted to these materials.
Computational Evaluation of ADMET Properties and Molecular Docking Studies on Cryptolepine Analogs as Inhibitors of HIV Integrase
Authors: Gupta Rajeev , Raza Amir , Singh Shivam Kumar , Kaur Jasmeen , Wadhwa Pankaj
Published: September 2024

Background:

HIV/AIDS remains a global health challenge, demanding innovative antiretroviral
strategies. HIV integrase inhibition, a promising therapeutic target, warrants exploration.
This study investigates the potential of Cryptolepine and analogues as integrase inhibitors
through in-silico docking and ADMET profiles. Docking simulations reveal binding affinities,
guiding rational drug design. ADMET predictions assess the pharmacokinetics, ensuring clinical
viability. Cryptolepine and analogues show promise, offering a pathway for therapeutic development
against HIV/AIDS. Further, insights contribute to ongoing efforts in combating the pandemic
with effective antiretroviral strategies.

Methods:

Molecular docking investigations utilized Molegro Virtual Docker [MVD] 6.0, with the
target protein [PDB ID: 1QS4] obtained from the Protein Data Bank. Ligands, particularly Cryptolepine-
based, were selected from PubChem with adherence to Lipinski's Rule of Five for druglike
properties. Computational tools, including pkCSM, aided ADMET profiling. This study, conducted
on an AMD Ryzen 3 3200U computer with Windows 10 home, enhances understanding
and potential therapeutic strategies against HIV/AIDS.

Results:

From a virtual screening of the PubChem database, the top ten candidates were selected
based on their MolDock scores against the target 1QS4. All compounds had MolDock scores
greater than -70.00 kcal, with [01] RPA 1 exhibiting the highest MolDock Score [-83.85 kcal] and
Rerank Score [-39.59 kcal]. These compounds possessed the essential pharmacophore for HIV
integrase inhibition against 1QS4. However, three compounds, including [01] RPA 1, [00] RPA
1_6, and [04] RPA 1_1, showed no hydrogen bonding interactions with Val 79 and Val 150 amino
acid residues. This highlights the importance of structural analysis in understanding ligand-receptor
interactions for rational drug design against HIV integrase.

Conclusion:

This study investigates how Cryptolepine analogues inhibit HIV integrase via docking
and ADMET analysis. All analogues exhibit strong binding, especially those within the 400-
500 Da range. Specific amino acids and hydrogen bonds influence interactions. Compound [01]
RPA 1_3 shows high intestinal absorption and promising properties, making it a potential HIV
integrase inhibitor. The study highlights the importance of a comprehensive ADMET profile in
drug development and suggests further exploration of [01] RPA 1_3 for HIV/AIDS therapy.
Mental Health of Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alzghoul Bashar I.
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Outbreaks of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, can lead to psychological distress and symptoms of mental illness, especially among healthcare workers (HCWs) who are at high risk of contracting the infection. This current crisis, in particular, adversely affects mental health due to the rapid spread of the infection from person to person and the uncertainty underlying the treatment guidelines, preventative measures, and the expected duration of its prevalence, which could affect the psychological, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify, evaluate, summarize and analyze the findings of all relevant individual studies conducted to assess mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it aimed to identify any gaps in the literature, which could identify the potential for future research.

Methods

This PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis on SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct stated from 11th Feb, 2021 to 11th March, 2022. Following the search to identify relevant literature, one author in the article evaluated the studies in relation to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The systematic review included 31 studies, the meta-analysis of anxiety prevalence analyzed 20 studies and the meta-analysis of severe anxiety prevalence assessed 13 studies.

Results

As per the results that were obtained, for HCW, the most prevalent mental health symptoms were sleep disturbance, depression and anxiety, with a prevalence level of 42.9%, 77.6% and 86.5%, respectively. As per the pooled analysis, anxiety prevalence was recorded as 49% (95%CI, 0.36- 0.62), while for severe anxiety, the number dropped to 8% (95%CI, 0.05–0.10). The highest pooled prevalence of anxiety was observed in Turkey at 60% (95%CI, 0.51- 0.70). Alternatively, the lowest pooled prevalence was observed in China, 36% (95%CI, 0.23–0.50) and India, 36% (95%CI, 0.13–0.62). Based on the review of the relevant articles, a few methodological gaps were identified (i.e., Population of the studies and countries).

Conclusion

This study’s review and meta-analysis provide relevant information pertaining to the mental health status of healthcare workers across the world in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. They experience and endure high levels of mental health symptoms, and thus, it is necessary to provide them with mental and psychological support in this context.
Study and Review of Shear Deformation Theories for Analysis of Deep Beams
Authors: Ali Rafat , Hirde S.K.
Published: September 2024

This work explores shear deformation theories related to beams in detail
and provides a careful analytical evaluation. There are various theories related to the
Deformation in Shear action that are painstakingly traced throughout the review in
detail. Every hypothesis is systematically assessed, taking into account both its advantages
and disadvantages. The study thoroughly examines the results generated by
each theory and explores the general approaches to solving problems that result from
their use. The evaluation also offers a thorough overview and recommendations for
further lines of inquiry. The primary goals of this review are to encourage the continued
application of higher-order theories in deep beam behavior prediction and to further
our understanding of their development.
Kepatuhan Formal Wajib Pajak Badan Pasca Diberlakukannya Perppu No. 1 Tahun 2020
Authors: Adliawan Mirza , Puspita Ayu Fury
Published: September 2024

This study aims to assess the state of formal corporate tax compliance after the enactment of Perppu No. 1/2020, especially in the section on corporate tax incentive schemes. The approach used in this study was qualitative research, which examined the perceptions of tax authorities, taxpayers, and academics using the data validity test method of triangulation. Primary and secondary data collection was conducted using interviews and data collection from KPP Pratama Kebayoran 1 Jaksel II. The survey found that early in the pandemic before the corporate tax incentives were applied, taxpayers perceived taxation as an obligation that businesses and governments must implement; it is shown that there was a tendency not to decrease because they’re aware of the sanctions that will make difficulties for companies in the future. This is also supported by the opinion of corporate taxpayers that the presence or absence of these incentives does not affect a company's formal compliance. Even if the incentives regulated by Perppu No. 1/2020 have no material impact on formal corporate taxpayer compliance, the existence of corporate tax incentives has a very positive impact on corporate cash flow. It makes taxpayers feel more convenient in filing taxes during the pandemic.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi kepatuhan formal wajib pajak badan pasca diberlakukannya Perppu No. 1 Tahun 2020 khususnya pada bagian regulasi insentif PPh Badan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan mengkaji persepsi fiskus, wajib pajak, dan akademisi dengan metode uji validitas data triangulasi. Pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder dilakukan menggunakan wawancara dan pengambilan data dari KPP Pratama Kebayoran 1 Jaksel II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan formal wajib pajak badan di masa pandemi awal sebelum diberlakukannya insentif PPh Badan cenderung tidak mengalami penurunan, karena wajib pajak merasa pajak merupakan suatu kewajiban yang harus dilaksanakan oleh perusahaan dan memiliki sanksi administratif yang akan menyulitkan perusahaan di masa mendatang, hal ini juga didukung juga oleh pendapat salah satu wajib pajak badan bahwa ada atau tidaknya insentif tersebut tidak mempengaruhi kepatuhan formal perusahaannya. Meskipun insentif yang diatur Perppu 1 Tahun 2020 tidak mempengaruhi kepatuhan formal wajib pajak badan secara signifikan, namun dengan adanya insentif PPh badan tersebut memberikan dampak positif yang sangat bermanfaat bagi cashflow perusahaan sehingga wajib pajak badan merasa lebih convenience dalam melakukan pelaporan pajak di masa pandemic.
Mekanisme Dan Penerapan Tax Planning Pph 21 Atas Gaji Pegawai Asn Dan Non-Asn Universitas Xyz
Authors: Nurrizky Wida Apriani , Aulia Muhammad Rafael Shauqi
Published: September 2024

Tax planning for PPh 21 deductions on employee salaries is one of the efforts that a company can make to achieve tax burden efficiency. This research was conducted to determine how the PPh 21 mechanism affects employee salaries at XYZ University. The applied tax planning is selecting the PPh 21 deduction method to achieve tax efficiency. This type of research is qualitative, using data acquisition techniques and interviews with the finance department of XYZ University. The data used are primary data from interviews and secondary data from books, journals, and other scientific sources to support the explanation of primary data. Based on research conducted, XYZ University deducts PPh 21 with a self-assessment system, where employees calculate, pay and report their tax payable through an application from the Ministry of Finance. For ASN, the application used is Salary GPP, while for non-ASN, it is PPNPN. Meanwhile, XYZ University uses two PPh 21 deduction methods, namely the gross-up method for ASN and the gross method for non-ASN. The gross-up method creates tax efficiency for employees and agencies with PPh 21 dependents by agencies with benefits from the government because XYZ University is a State University. Whereas the gross method creates efficiency for agencies because it doesn’t need to bear the burden of PPh 21 and doesn’t significantly impact employee satisfaction because the majority of PKP Non-ASN are under the PTKP, so that not subject to tax.
Abstrak:
Tax planning atas pemotongan PPh 21 atas gaji pegawai merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh suatu instansi/perusahaan untuk mencapai efisiensi beban pajak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana mekanisme PPh 21 atas gaji pegawai di Universitas XYZ dan tax planning yang diterapkan berupa pemilihan metode pemotongan PPh 21 atas gaji pegawai untuk mencapai efisiensi perpajakannya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik perolehan data berupa wawancara yang dilakukan dengan bagian keuangan Universitas XYZ dan data sekunder yang berasal dari buku, artikel jurnal, dan sumber ilmiah lainnya. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, Universitas XYZ melakukan pemotongan PPh 21 atas gaji pegawai dengan sistem self assessment. Universitas XYZ menggunakan dua metode pemotongan PPh 21, yaitu gross-up method untuk pegawai ASN dan gross method untuk pegawai Non-ASN. Metode gross-up menciptakan efisiensi pajak bagi pegawai dan instansi dengan adanya tanggungan PPh 21 oleh instansi dalam bentuk tunjangan dari pemerintah karena Universitas XYZ merupakan Perguruan Tinggi Negeri. Sedangkan metode gross memberikan efisiensi bagi instansi karena tidak perlu menanggung beban PPh 21 dan tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap pegawai Non-ASN karena PKP mereka di bawah PTKP, sehingga tidak dikenai pajak.
Characteristics of and Factors Associated With Partner Service Uptake Cascade Among People With Newly Reported HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in Southeastern China in 2022: Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Jiang Jun , Chen Lin , Cheng Wei , Chen Wanjun , Yang Jiezhe , Xu Yun , Zhou Xin , Pan Xiaohong , Chai Chengliang
Published: September 2024

Background

HIV notification and testing integrated into partner service (PS) practices among HIV-positive individuals have been proven to be an efficient approach for case finding, although it remains a weak link in China. Although nonmarital sexual activities accounted for a large proportion of newly diagnosed HIV-positive cases in China, little is known about PS uptake and associated factors within nonmarital partnerships.

Objective

This study aimed to describe HIV PS utilization and its associated factors among HIV-positive individuals with nonmarital sexual partners.

Methods

We recruited newly diagnosed HIV-positive individuals who had nonmarital sexual partners in 2022 in Zhejiang Province and offered them PS. We described the PS uptake cascade within sexual partner categories and analyzed the associated factors with 3 primary outcomes from the participants’ perspective: nonmarital partner enumeration, HIV testing, and HIV positivity.

Results

In this study, 3509 HIV-positive individuals were recruited as participants, and they enumerated 2507 nonmarital sex partners (2507/14,556, 17.2% of all nonmarital sex partners) with contact information. Among these, 43.1% (1090/2507) underwent an HIV test, with an HIV-positive rate of 28.3% (309/1090). Heterosexual commercial partners were the least likely of being enumerated (441/4292, 10.3%) and had the highest HIV-positive rate (40/107, 37.4%). At the participant level, 48.1% (1688/3509) of the participants enumerated at least one nonmarital sex partner with contact information, 52.7% (890/1688) had a sex partner tested for HIV, and 31% (276/890) had at least one nonmarital sex partner who tested positive. Multivariate analysis indicated that gender and transmission route were associated with both nonmarital sex partner enumeration and HIV testing. Age and occupation were associated with nonmarital sex partner enumeration and HIV positivity. Compared with participants who had no regular nonmarital sex partner, those who had a regular nonmarital sex partner were more likely to enumerate nonmarital sex partners (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.017, 95% CI 2.560-3.554), have them get tested for HIV (aOR 1.725, 95% CI 1.403-2.122), and have an HIV-positive nonmarital sex partner (aOR 1.962, 95% CI 1.454-2.647).

Conclusions

The percentage of partner enumeration was low, and HIV testing rate was moderate among nonmarital partnerships of HIV-positive individuals. More efforts should be made to improve PS practices among HIV-positive individuals and address the gap in partner enumeration, especially for heterosexual commercial nonmarital partnerships. Additionally, enhancing PS operational skills among health care personnel could increase the overall efficiency of PS uptake in China.
Alarm Management in Provisional COVID-19 Intensive Care Units: Retrospective Analysis and Recommendations for Future Pandemics (Preprint)
Authors: Wunderlich Maximilian Markus , Frey Nicolas , Amende-Wolf Sandro , Hinrichs Carl , Balzer Felix , Poncette Akira-Sebastian
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

In response to the high patient admission rates during the COVID-19 pandemic, provisional intensive care units (ICUs) were set up, equipped with temporary monitoring and alarm systems. We sought to find out whether the provisional ICU setting led to a higher alarm burden and more staff with alarm fatigue.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to compare alarm situations between provisional COVID-19 ICUs and non–COVID-19 ICUs during the second COVID-19 wave in Berlin, Germany. The study focused on measuring alarms per bed per day, identifying medical devices with higher alarm frequencies in COVID-19 settings, evaluating the median duration of alarms in both types of ICUs, and assessing the level of alarm fatigue experienced by health care staff.

METHODS

Our approach involved a comparative analysis of alarm data from 2 provisional COVID-19 ICUs and 2 standard non–COVID-19 ICUs. Through interviews with medical experts, we formulated hypotheses about potential differences in alarm load, alarm duration, alarm types, and staff alarm fatigue between the 2 ICU types. We analyzed alarm log data from the patient monitoring systems of all 4 ICUs to inferentially assess the differences. In addition, we assessed staff alarm fatigue with a questionnaire, aiming to comprehensively understand the impact of the alarm situation on health care personnel.

RESULTS

COVID-19 ICUs had significantly more alarms per bed per day than non–COVID-19 ICUs (P<.001), and the majority of the staff lacked experience with the alarm system. The overall median alarm duration was similar in both ICU types. We found no COVID-19–specific alarm patterns. The alarm fatigue questionnaire results suggest that staff in both types of ICUs experienced alarm fatigue. However, physicians and nurses who were working in COVID-19 ICUs reported a significantly higher level of alarm fatigue (P=.04).

CONCLUSIONS

Staff in COVID-19 ICUs were exposed to a higher alarm load, and the majority lacked experience with alarm management and the alarm system. We recommend training and educating ICU staff in alarm management, emphasizing the importance of alarm management training as part of the preparations for future pandemics. However, the limitations of our study design and the specific pandemic conditions warrant further studies to confirm these findings and to explore effective alarm management strategies in different ICU settings.