bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bifurcation analysis of a computer virus propagation model
Authors: DUKUZA Kenneth
Published: August 2021

We propose a mathematical model for investigating the efficacy of Countermeasure Competing (CMC) strategy which is a method for reducing the effect of computer virus attacks. Using the Centre Manifold Theory, we determine conditions under which a subcritical (backward) bifurcation occurs at Basic Reproduction Number $R_{0}=1$. In order to illustrate the theoretical findings, we construct a new Nonstandard Finite Difference Scheme (NSFD) that preserves the bifurcation property at $R_{0}=1$ among other dynamics of the continuous model. Earlier results given by Chen and Carley [The impact of countermeasure propagation on the prevalence of computer viruses, IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern. B. Cybern. 2004] show that the CMC strategy is effective when the countermeasure propagation rate is higher than the virus spreading rate. Our results reveal that even if this condition is not met, the CMC strategy may still successfully eradicate computer viruses depending on the extent of its effectiveness.
The Brauer indecomposability of Scott modules with vertex $Q_{2^n}\times C_{2^m}$
Authors: TUVAY İpek
Published: August 2021

We prove that the Scott module whose vertex is isomorphic to a direct product of a generalized quaternion $2$-group and a cyclic $2$-group is Brauer indecomposable. This result generalizes similar results which are obtained for abelian, dihedral, generalized quaternion, semidihedral and wreathed $2$-group vertices.
Pragmatics of Quasi-Symbol
Authors:   Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, Tokarev Grigoriy
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the pragmatics of the quasi-symbol, a linguistic and cultural unit that has a verbal nature. It functions as a sign of culture, expresses ideas, and models human behavior. The cultural specificity of quasi-symbols is considered in the aspects of its locution, illocution and perlocution. The paper reveals that cultural aspects of quasi-symbolic locution are based on conventional implicatures. They provide the perception of the utterance as veritable, form typical illocution and perlocution of the utterance. The work proves that cultural aspects of quasi-symbol locution are determined by cultural categories that the symbol embodies, as well as cultural functions that it performs. The article establishes that the quasi-symbol explicates the norm, which acts as a regulator of behavior, the basis for its evaluation. The empirical basis of the study includes the quasi-symbols of the fetish code of culture, which is characterized by the highest productivity. The consideration of imperatives extracted from the meaning of quasi-symbols, has enabled the reconstruction of system of norms characteristic of Russian culture: it is assessed positively when someone works, obeys general rules, is able to keep secrets, fulfills promises, respects another person, considers the feelings and opinions of others, observes Christian commandments. The identified norms demonstrate a set of Russian cultural values: work, order, money, knowledge, faith, neatness. The paper proves that the cultural norm, imperative and attitude are culturally marked pragmatic categories, since they determine human behavior. Axiological aspects of quasi-symbol illocution are expressed in the peculiarities of coding ideas and imperatives. The perlocution of the quasi-symbol is reflected in the linguistic and cultural interpretation, which consists in the addressee's intentions to obey or disobey the imperative, to follow the norm or deviate from it. The article concludes that the rules for using quasi-symbols are easily read by the members of linguistic and cultural community. This aspect embodies the processes of cultural identification.
Translation Teacher Profile in the Russian Context
Authors:   Linguistics University of Nizhny Novgorod, Petrova Olga , Sdobnikov Vadim ,   Linguistics University of Nizhny Novgorod
Published: August 2021

The paper discusses the results of a survey of a translation teacher profile in the context of Russian academia. It reveals that there is no integral profile of a translation teacher in Russia today. Translation teachers can be categorized into certain groups according to their initial training, practical experience in translation and age. The survey shows that a significant number of translation teachers have had no translation training. Regardless of their initial training, almost all translation teachers are engaged in practical translation, however only few of them perform translation or interpreting on a regular basis. Among those who teach Translation Theory there are some who have never been taught it, thus they may be regarded as self-educated theorists. Virtually no translation trainers in Russian universities have ever been professionally educated in translation didactics. 75% of the total number of translation teachers have completed short-time advanced training courses, which does not seem to be sufficient to become an experienced translation teacher. A large number of those who do have initial translation training teach translation copying their own teachers. It is doubtful that all of them possess translation mode of thinking and are able to develop it in their students. The overall conclusion is that a comprehensive system for training and retraining translation teachers is required.
PDLIM1: Structure, function and implication in cancer
Authors: Zhou Jian-Kang , Fan Xin , Cheng Jian , Liu Wenrong , Peng Yong
Published: August 2021

PDLIM1, a member of the PDZ-LIM family, is a cytoskeletal protein and functions as a platform to form distinct protein complexes, thus participating in multiple physiological processes such as cytoskeleton regulation and synapse formation. Emerging evidence demonstrates that PDLIM1 is dysregualted in a variety of tumors and plays essential roles in tumor initiation and progression. In this review, we summarize the structure and function of PDLIM1, as well as its important roles in human cancers.
Effect of grain particle size on energy values and chemical components of diets for Label Rouge broilers
Authors: Godoy Heloisa Baleroni Rodrigues de , Rodrigues Kênia Ferreira , Mascarenhas Alessandra Gimenez , Fernandes Eder de Sousa , Assis Saullo Diogo de , Stringhini José Henrique
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen-corrected AME (AMEn) values as well as the metabolizability coefficients of dry matter, protein, and ether extract of corn, pearl millet, and sorghum in different particle sizes for slow-growing broilers. Two experiments were carried out involving 280 chicks of the Label Rouge® Naked Neck broiler line, with 140 chicks allotted to each experiment in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of a reference diet and a test diet (60% reference diet + 40% feedstuff). The feedstuffs were tested and particle size (expressed as geometric mean diameter [GMD, μm] and geometric standard deviation [GSD], respectively) results were 816 and 1.73 for coarsely ground corn, 794 and 1.75 for finely ground corn, 1.517 and 1.92 for pearl millet grain, 760 and 1.63 for finely ground pearl millet (Experiment 1); and 1,866 and 1.86 for whole grain sorghum, 919 and 1.62 for coarsely ground sorghum, and 878 and 1.72 for finely ground sorghum (Experiment 2). A metabolism trial was conducted by using the total excreta collection method to obtain the AME and AMEn values as well as the metabolizability coefficients of dry matter, protein, and ether extract. The energy metabolization coefficient did not differ (P > 0.05) between the grains in the different tested particle sizes. However, there was an improvement in the metabolizability coefficients of dry matter, nitrogen, and ether extract as the particle size of corn was increased. In conclusion, larger grain particle sizes improve the metabolizability of nutrients and energy for slow-growing broilers. Whole-grain sorghum has limited nutritional utilization for slow-growing birds up to 21 days of age.
Systemic coccidioidomycosis in a dog in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Alves Rodrigo Cruz , Campos Édipo Moreira , Silva Raquel Annes Fagundes , Batista Samara Tereza Morais , Carneiro Rosileide dos Santos , Rissi Daniel Ricardo , Galiza Glauco José Nogueira de , Dantas Antônio Flávio Medeiros
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT: We described a case of systemic infection by Coccidioides sp. in a dog. An adult, mixed breed, free-ranging male dog presented with clinical signs that included apathy, cachexia, anorexia, limited mobility with sternal recumbency, bilateral mucopurulent ocular discharge, dyspnoea, pulmonary crepitation, erosive and nodular lesions on the skin, and swelling and stiffness of the left tibiotarsal joint. The dog was submitted to a postmortem examination. Grossly, there were multiple yellow to white nodules in various organs. Histologically, the lesions were characterized as pyogranulomatous inflammation associated with fungal spherules morphologically consistent with Coccidioides sp. The dog was concomitantly diagnosed with undifferentiated sarcoma affecting the skin, lymph nodes, liver, and testicles. The diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis was made based on the histologic changes associated with morphotintorial features and positive immunolabeling of organisms with anti-Coccidioides immunohistochemistry. This case demonstrated that Coccidioides sp. can infect dogs that inhabit urban centers in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil, likely due to exposure to dust from contaminated environments.
The use of volatile compounds as an alternative method in pepper breeding (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum)
Authors: Mavi Kazım , Hacbekir Hasan , Uzunoğlu Fulya , Türkmen Musa
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to determine some fruit characteristics of 19 different lines hybridized by previous regular studies. These lines were examined in order to determine the differences among volatile components and reveal the differences in comparison with the parents. Plant height (cm), fruit weight (g), fruit width (mm), fruit length (mm), fruit flesh thickness (mm), pungency, immature fruit color and mature fruit color were determined of parents and F4 lines. As a result, a wide range of variations were determined between lines and parents in terms of all parameters apart from pungency. Especially in terms of volatile components, it has been found that some active substances are found only in the father and white genotype (Fenchol, spathulenol and geranyl acetate), some of them only in the mother and orange genotype (α-terpineol, dihexyl azelate and 2-hexadecanol). It was concluded that volatile compounds of the species can be used as a marker for breeding studies.
Cerebral Palsy: Parental Stress of Caregivers
Authors: Lima Mayara Barbosa Sindeaux , Ramos Edson Marcos Leal Soares , Pontes Fernando Augusto Ramos , Silva Simone Souza da Costa
Published: August 2021

Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate indicators of parental stress among caregivers of children with Cerebral Palsy. The study covered a total of 132 participants who responded to the following instruments: Sociodemographic Inventory, Gross Motor Function Classification System, and Parental Stress Index (PSI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The sample was composed mainly of mothers (97%); most of the children were classified under the most severe levels of motor impairment (61%). Regarding the PSI, almost half of the sample experienced high levels of parental stress (46.2%). The PSI domain with the highest percentage of caregivers with high stress was Parental Distress (60.6%). Most caregivers prioritize the needs of the child with Cerebral Palsy over their own needs more than they expected (90%). These results may support intervention strategies aimed at minimizing parental stress.
Monitoring the mean with least-squares support vector data description
Authors: Maboudou-Tchao Edgard M.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Multivariate control charts are essential tools in multivariate statistical process control (MSPC). “Shewhart-type” charts are control charts using rational subgroupings which are effective in the detection of large shifts. Recently, the one-class classification problem has attracted a lot of interest. Three methods are typically used to solve this type of classification problem. These methods include the k−center method, the nearest neighbor method, one-class support vector machine (OCSVM), and the support vector data description (SVDD). In industrial applications, like statistical process control (SPC), practitioners successfully used SVDD to detect anomalies or outliers in the process. In this paper, we reformulate the standard support vector data description and derive a least squares version of the method. This least-squares support vector data description (LS-SVDD) is used to design a control chart for monitoring the mean vector of processes. We compare the performance of the LS-SVDD chart with the SVDD and T2 chart using out-of-control Average Run Length (ARL) as the performance metric. The experimental results indicate that the proposed control chart has very good performance.
A bibliometric study on the use of games in the Production Engineering area
Authors: Rosado Carlos Antonio Gonçalves , de Souza Marcio Coutinho
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Keeping the student focused for long periods of time has been a challenge for teachers. The adoption of new teaching strategies in which students leave the position of listeners and share with the master the active position is already known and even adopted. These strategies give students the opportunity to have more interactive experiences, stimulate independent thinking, create discussions within the group thus contribute to the improvement of the teaching- learning process. In that sense, the use of educational games has been an alternative, as they can mitigate the difficulty that students have in making the parallel between the concepts theorists learned from situations of application of this knowledge. Monitor the growth of the literature and research patterns in a given thematic area is an important step to understand the development of this domain. Therefore, the bibliometrics has been an emerging area, as it aims to describe, evaluate and monitor research published in a given field of knowledge. In this way, it is defined as the general objective of this work to map and characterize publications on the use of games and related terms in Production Engineering from bibliometric research in the annals of the National Meeting of Production Engineering. In this research, techniques such as Citation, Bibliographic Coupling, Co-author, Co-citation and Co- word were used, from which bibliometric maps are generated with the aid of the VOSviewer software, in which, for example, the most used keywords are shown; institutions and authors who publish works in the field; the authors who are engaged bibliographically; those who work together; and those that appear simultaneously in the reference lists.
A program to find all pure Nash equilibria in games with n-players and m-strategies: the Nash Equilibria Finder – NEFinder
Authors: Sugiyama Renan Henrique Cavicchioli , Leoneti Alexandre Bevilacqua
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Nash equilibrium is an important concept for studying human behavior in group decision making process. Given the complexity of finding Nash equilibria, computational tools are necessary to find them. Several programs were developed for this task. However, available programs are either not comprehensive or might be of difficult installation and handling, creating a “barrier of entry” to non-specialists. The aims of this research are twofold: (i) firstly, it was to identify and to discuss about the available programs for finding Nash equilibria; and (ii) secondly, based on the theoretical proprieties of a Nash equilibrium, to develop a program capable of finding all pure Nash equilibria in games with “n” players and “m” strategies (“n” and “m” being finite numbers) as a Macro tool for Microsoft Excel®. It is expected that the program can contributed to the area of Operations Research by providing a new tool that facilitate the use of game theory concepts within group decision-making problem-solving scenarios enabling practical applications using a widespread software.
Adsorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties of Carthamus tinctorius L. seeds
Authors: Bessa Jaqueline F. V. , Resende Osvaldo , Oliveira Daniel E. C. de , Lima Rayr R. de , Quequeto Wellytton D. , Siqueira Valdiney C.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Safflower is a crop of high economic value with high oil concentration in its seeds and great industrial versatility, besides various benefits to human health. As with other agricultural crops, it is common to store safflower to make it available in different periods of the year and, due to its hygroscopic characteristics, studies evaluating the effect of temperature and air relative humidity on its moisture content become relevant. Thus, the objective of the present study was to determine the water adsorption isotherms of safflower seeds and analyze their thermodynamic properties. Moisture contents of 6.5, 6.9, 7.3, 7.7, 8.3 and 9.1% (dry basis) were obtained by adsorption under controlled conditions of temperature (30 °C) and relative air humidity (90%). The adsorption isotherms were obtained by the indirect static method at different temperatures (10, 20, 30 and 40 °C). As temperature increased, for the same moisture content, there was an increase in water activity and, for constant water activity, the values of equilibrium moisture content decreased with increasing temperature. Chung-Pfost model showed the best fit to describe the phenomenon of hygroscopicity of safflower seeds. The thermodynamic properties were influenced by the moisture content of the seeds, reducing the energy necessary for water absorption in the product with the increase in adsorption, and the enthalpy-entropy theory was controlled by enthalpy.
Crescimento e produção de duas cultivares de algodão irrigadas com águas salinizadas
Authors: Cavalcante Ítalo H. L. , Oliveira Francisco A. de , Cavalcante Lourival F. , Beckmann Márkilla Z. , Campos Milton C. C. , Gondim Saulo C.
Published: August 2021

Resumo Considerando-se a importância do algodoeiro para a Paraíba e a falta de água de boa qualidade, em muitas regiões do Estado, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar os efeitos da salinidade da água de irrigação (níveis de condutividade elétrica: 0,016; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5; 6,0 e 7,5 dS m-1) sobre o crescimento e rendimento do algodoeiro herbáceo (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. latifolium Hutch.) cultivares CNPA-7H e colorido marrom BRS 200, em esquema fatorial 6 x 2, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições e 12 plantas por parcela. O aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação superior a 4,2 dS m-1 inibiu o crescimento em altura, acima de 2,1 dS m-1 diminuiu a produção de biomassa seca da parte aérea e, maior que 3,1 dS m-1 prejudicou o rendimento em caroço de ambos os genótipos, mas em menor proporção na cultivar CNPA-7H.
Reúso de água em um sistema integrado com peixes, sedimentação, ostras e macroalgas
Authors: Cavalcante Júnior Valdemar , Andrade Leilamara do N. , Bezerra Leiliana N. , Gurjão Lívio M. de , Farias Wladimir R. L.
Published: August 2021

Resumo Os efluentes de cultivo intensivo contêm elevadas concentrações de nutrientes dissolvidos, principalmente amônia, além de outros sólidos em suspensão. Com este trabalho, objetivou-se utilizar a aquicultura integrada com sedimentação, ostras e macroalgas para melhorar a qualidade da água proveniente de um cultivo de tilápias em água salgada. A água dos peixes foi distribuída em três aquários para sedimentação durante 24 horas; em seguida, a água foi transferida para três aquários com ostras, pelo mesmo período, ou seja, 24 h; posteriormente, a água das ostras foi transferida para três aquários com macroalgas, também por 24 h; finalmente, a água das macroalgas retornou para os aquários com os peixes. Após duas semanas, avaliaram-se, diariamente, a turbidez da água e as concentrações de amônia, nitrato, nitrito e fosfato. O sistema foi eficiente em reduzir significativamente a turbidez e os níveis de amônia e fosfato da água. Os níveis de nitrato e nitrito só foram reduzidos após a maturação dos aquários de sedimentação.
Tratamento anaeróbio de esgoto doméstico para fertirrigação
Authors: Silva Vanessa F. da , Sousa José T. de , Vieira Fernando F. , Santos Keliana D.
Published: August 2021

Resumo Utilizar esgoto tratado para as atividades agrícolas é proporcionar economia de fertilizante e de água de boa qualidade; podendo ser uma alternativa para convivência com a sua escassez. Diversas tecnologias de tratamento de esgotos já foram desenvolvidas na busca de produzir efluente adequado para fertirrigação evitando a contaminação do ambiente com bactérias, parasitas e vírus que criam graves problemas de saúde pública, propagando doenças bacterianas e virulentas, afetando trabalhadores e consumidores das culturas irrigadas. A presente pesquisa objetivou tratar esgotos domésticos utilizando reator UASB seguido de filtro biológico, visando à obtenção de efluente adequado ao reúso. O efluente do filtro continha macro e micronutrientes suficientes para o crescimento da maioria das culturas cultivadas na região semi-árida; no entanto, apresentou concentração de coliformes termotolerantes acima das recomendações da OMS, embora isento de ovos de helmintos. Desta forma, o efluente do filtro anaeróbio só deverá ser utilizado para fertirrigação de culturas restritas.
Tratamento de efluente por reator biológico aeróbio com membrana visando o reúso de água
Authors: Costanzi Ricardo N. , Hespanhol Ivanildo , Asada Lucia N. , Marques Adriana
Published: August 2021

Resumo Em grandes centros urbanos e em determinadas regiões, a escassez de água induz a necessidade de utilização de novas fontes de água. Desta forma, o reúso de água originado do tratamento de efluentes tem sido destacado como alternativa para suprir a demanda de água. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a viabilidade de um sistema de tratamento de efluente composto por reator aeróbio associado a membranas de ultrafiltração (reator biológico com membranas externas), visando produzir água para reúso. Os resultados qualitativos observados demonstram maior eficiência de remoção das variáveis analisadas quando comparados com sistemas de lodos ativados convencionais. Observou-se, a possibilidade de diversos usos do permeado produzido para atividades urbanas e industriais, porém, foi verificada a necessidade de remoção de sais para alguns tipos de reúso, tais como em sistemas de resfriamento industrial, devido, principalmente, à elevada concentração de cálcio e magnésio.
Efeitos da adubação do solo e da irrigação sobre os componentes de produção da alface
Authors: Tavares Tatiana de L. , König Annemarie , Ceballos Beatriz S. O. de , Azevedo Márcia R. de Q. A.
Published: August 2021

Resumo O presente trabalho relata uma experiência de reúso direto de esgoto tratado em uma lagoa de estabilização no cultivo da alface (Lactuca sativa L.), avaliando-se a influência da irrigação nos componentes de crescimento não destrutivo e na produção da hortaliça, com a aplicação de água residuária e da adição da adubação orgânica. O experimento foi realizado nas dependências da ETE de Campina Grande, PB. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram realizados dois ciclos de cultivo: de julho - agosto (1° ciclo) e de setembro a novembro (2° ciclo). A maior produtividade e valores das variáveis não destrutivas foram encontrados nas alfaces produzidas sob irrigação com a água residuária e adubação orgânica.
Lodo de esgoto como substrato para produção de mudas de Senna siamea Lam.
Authors: Faustino Ronaldo , Kato Mario T. , Florêncio Lourdinha , Gavazza Sávia
Published: August 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade do uso de lodo de esgoto como componente do substrato para produção de mudas de Senna siamea Lam. Testaram-se as seguintes proporções de lodo com solo: 0% (T1), 25% (T2), 50% (T3), 75% (T4) e uma mistura de 25% de lodo com 25% de pó de coco (T5). No experimento, utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos e 5 repetições, totalizando 25 parcelas, com 16 mudas por parcela. O lodo foi previamente higienizado por solarização. Avaliou-se a matéria seca das mudas e foram efetuadas análises químicas dos substratos, três meses após a semeadura. Dentre os tratamentos nos quais foi empregado lodo, a concentração de T5 foi a que apresentou o melhor desenvolvimento das mudas, seguida daqueles com 75% (T4) e 50% (T3) de lodo. Todos os tratamentos apresentaram desenvolvimento superior ao da testemunha (T1). Conclui-se, então, que o uso do lodo de esgoto para produção de mudas é viável e promissor.
Teores foliares de nutrientes em meloeiro irrigado com águas de diferentes salinidades
Authors: Maia Celsemy E. , Morais Elis Regina C. de , Porto Filho Francisco de Q. , Gueyi Hans R. , Medeiros José F. de
Published: August 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os teores foliares de nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, cálcio e magnésio em plantas de melão irrigado com águas de diferentes salinidades. O experimento foi conduzido na fazenda Santa Júlia, no município de Mossoró-RN, em Luvissolo crômico. As águas utilizadas na irrigação das plantas apresentaram as seguintes salinidades: CE = 0,6; 1,9; 3,2 e 4,5 dS m-1. O experimento foi montado em delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os teores foliares de nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, cálcio e magnésio, foram avaliados durante 65 dias após o semeio. Observou-se efeito de diluição para nitrogênio e potássio e de concentração para o cálcio e magnésio. A salinidade da água influenciou negativamente os teores de potássio, cálcio e magnésio na cultura do melão irrigado na ordem K>Ca>Mg.
Microbacia do riacho Angico, Paraíba: uso de águas de qualidade inferior para consumo humano
Authors: Oliveira Francisca M. de , Farias Soahd A. R. , Ceballos Beatriz S. O. de , Azevedo Carlos A. V. de , Baracuhy José G. de V. , Araújo Niwton L. de
Published: August 2021

Resumo Este trabalho avalia a qualidade da água superficial e subterrânea para consumo humano por usuários da localidade de Paus Brancos, na microbacia do riacho Angico, no semi-árido paraibano. A pesquisa foi realizada no período de 11 meses, de maio de 2003 a março de 2004, englobando um total de 9 fontes (2 açudecos, 5 poços tubulares com cata-ventos e 2 poços amazonas). Os açudes apresentaram as melhores características físicas e químicas para consumo humano, com exceção da concentração elevada de ferro, e as demais fontes fogem do valor máximo permitido pela Portaria 518/04 MS. A avaliação microbiológica indica que os poços tubulares PT1 e PT2 tiveram 50 e 37,5% das amostras coletadas com contaminação por coliformes termotolerantes, não sendo aptas, portanto, para consumo humano. Os açudes e poços amazonas apresentaram os valores mais altos dos parâmetros microbiológicos. Assim, nenhuma fonte de água teve condições sanitárias satisfatórias, sendo consideradas de risco para a saúde pública.
Resposta do maracujazeiro-amarelo à salinidade da água sob diferentes formas de plantio
Authors: Cavalcante Lourival F. , Dantas Tony A. G. , Andrade Raimundo , Sá José R. , Macêdo João P. S. , Gondim Saulo C. , Cavalcante Ítalo H. L.
Published: August 2021

Resumo Com a finalidade de avaliar os efeitos da salinidade da água de irrigação com valores de 0,5, 1,5 e 2,5 dS m-1 e diferentes formas de plantio, sobre o crescimento e a produção do maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.), desenvolveu-se este experimento, no período de maio de 2001 a março de 2002, no município de Remígio, Paraíba. As formas de plantio foram: a) convencional; b) em covas, com as faces laterais protegidas com filme de polietileno e c) em bolsas de polietileno, com 40 cm de diâmetro e 60 cm de altura. O diâmetro caulinar e a produção das plantas foram mais inibidos pelos sistemas de cultivo que pelo aumento de salinidade da água. O tipo de plantio que mais prejudicou as plantas e salinizou o solo foi em bolsas de polietileno. A umidade e a condutividade elétrica aumentaram em função da redução das perdas hídricas do solo, na ordem: cultivo em bolsas de polietileno > em covas com as faces protegidas lateralmente > no sistema de cultivo convencional.
Germinação e crescimento inicial de duas cultivares de mamoneira sob estresse salino
Authors: Silva Sérvulo M. S. , Alves Allan N. , Gheyi Hans R. , Beltrão Napoleão E. de M. , Severino Liv S. , Soares Frederico A. L.
Published: August 2021

Resumo No presente trabalho estudou-se o comportamento de duas cultivares de mamona (Ricinus communis L.), BRS-188 Paraguaçu (C1) e CSRN-367 (C2), irrigadas com águas de diferentes níveis de condutividade elétrica (CEa: 0,7; 2,7; 4,7; 6,7 e 8,7 dS m-1), em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 3 repetições, no esquema fatorial 5 x 2. Avaliaram-se: percentagem de germinação, tempo e índice de velocidade de emergência, altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e área foliar aos 20, 40 e 60 dias após o semeio (DAS). A cultivar C1 produziu maior número de folhas e maior área foliar e a C2 se destacou por maior percentagem de germinação, precocidade e velocidade de emergência. O aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação reduziu o percentual de germinação, tornou mais lenta a emergência e diminuiu todas as características relacionadas ao crescimento da planta.
Efeito do efluente de lagoa de maturação em gotejadores com e sem tratamento químico1
Authors: Batista Rafael O. , Soares Antônio A. , Matos Antonio T. de , Mantovani Everardo C.
Published: August 2021

Resumo Estudar o efeito da aplicação de água residuária em gotejadores com e sem tratamento químico, foi o objetivo deste estudo e, para tal, montou-se uma bancada experimental com quatro unidades de aplicação localizada de efluente de lagoa de maturação. Testaram-se três modelos de gotejadores (M1, M2 e M3), pelo tempo de 560 h, além de três concentrações de cloro residual livre (0,4, 1,0 e 1,9 mg L-1). De acordo com os resultados obtidos concluiu-se que o efluente de lagoa de maturação acarretou reduções nos valores do coeficiente de uniformidade de distribuição de água (CUD) e que todos os tratamentos químicos testados minimizaram a formação de biofilme no interior dos gotejadores e das linhas laterais.
Academic Performance of 9th graders on Spatial Geometry: Impact of personal and contextual variables
Authors: Brito Luciana Pereira de , Almeida Leandro Silva , Osório António José
Published: August 2021

Abstract This article presents and discusses results from a study investigating the quality of Spatial Geometry academic performance of 9th grade students when they are about to be exposed to more complex concepts, geometric solids, and related problems in curricular learning experiences. Participants were Portuguese public school students. We also collected information about previous mathematics grades and mother’s schooling. A geometry test, a causal attribution to a school achievement test, and two reasoning tests – spatial and mechanical – were applied, and all collected data was statistically analysed and interpreted. To address the different nature of variables, we conducted a hierarchical linear regression. Results suggest that nearly 41% of variance on Spatial Geometry academic performance can be explained by the personal and contextual variables studied. The recommendation to schoolteachers involves designing learning experiences that engage students in spatial reasoning and high-order thinking skills.
Índice de inteligibilidade de fala e teste Ling-6 (HL): correlações em escolares usuários de próteses auditivas
Authors: Souza Marilia Rodrigues Freitas de , Iorio Maria Cecília Martinelli
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a audibilidade de fala em crianças usuárias de próteses auditivas e correlacionar o Índice de Inteligibilidade de Fala à detecção de fonemas. Método 22 crianças e adolescentes usuários de próteses auditivas passaram por avaliação audiológica básica, verificação in situ (e consequente obtenção do Índice de Inteligibilidade de Fala - SII - para condições com e sem próteses auditivas) e pesquisa dos limiares de detecção para fonemas por meio do teste Ling-6(HL). Resultados O SII médio foi 25,1 sem próteses auditivas e 68,9 com amplificação (p <0,001*). Os limiares de detecção de fonemas em campo livre, em dBNA, foram, sem amplificação /m/=29,9, /u/=29,5, /a/=35,5, /i/=30,8, /∫/=44,2 e /s/=44,9, e com amplificação /m/=13,0, /u/=11,5 /a/=14,3, /i/=15,4, /∫/=20,4 e /s/=23,1 (p <0,001*). Houve correlação negativa entre SII e os limiares de todos os fonemas na condição sem próteses (p≤0,001*) e entre SII e o limiar do /s/ com próteses (p = 0,036*). Conclusão Os limiares de detecção de todos os fonemas são menores do que na condição sem próteses. Há correlação negativa entre SII e os limiares de todos os fonemas na situação sem próteses e entre SII e o limiar de detecção do fonema /s/ na situação com próteses auditivas.
Tradução e adaptação transcultural do Modified Swallowing Assessment (MSA) para o português brasileiro
Authors: Furkim Ana Maria , Ickenstein Guntram , Radke Marli , Pernambuco Leandro de Araújo , Montibeller Cristiane Gonçalves , Luchesi Karen Fontes
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Traduzir e adaptar para o português brasileiro o protocolo Modified Swallowing Assessment (MSA) para pacientes pós-acidente vascular cerebral. Método Trata-se de uma etapa inicial do processo de validação do Modified Swallowing Assessment para o português brasileiro. Foi realizada a tradução por dois fonoaudiólogos bilíngues e a síntese das traduções por dois avaliadores externos, especialistas em disfagia. A versão síntese no idioma alvo (português) foi retrotraduzida para o idioma fonte (inglês). Após a síntese das versões traduzidas, o instrumento foi aplicado em 22 indivíduos com acidente vascular cerebral. Resultados Os avaliadores debateram sobre todos os resultados das etapas do estudo considerando o conceito do teste e o público alvo. As discrepâncias semânticas, linguísticas e conceituais encontradas no processo de tradução e adaptação foram adequadas, para que os itens fossem compatíveis com a cultura brasileira. Conclusão O MSA foi traduzido e adaptado para o português brasileiro (MSA-BR). O processo de tradução e adaptação transcultural manteve todos os itens do protocolo original, preservando-se os padrões e as características do instrumento original.
Renal Histologic Analysis Provides Complementary Information to Kidney Function Measurement for Patients with Early Diabetic or Hypertensive Disease
Authors: Quinn Ghazal Z. , Abedini Amin , Liu Hongbo , Ma Ziyuan , Cucchiara Andrew , Havasi Andrea , Hill Jon , Palmer Matthew B. , Susztak Katalin
Published: August 2021

Significance Statement

CKD is defined by both functional changes (such as in eGFR and proteinuria) and renal histologic alterations. Although kidney function is acutely regulated, histologic changes such as interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and glomerulosclerosis could represent chronic damage, thus might provide additional information about disease severity. In an analysis of 859 kidney tissue samples, the authors found that the relationship between histologic changes and eGFR is not linear. At CKD stages 3–5, eGFR correlates with interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and glomerulosclerosis reasonably well, whereas at earlier disease stages, eGFR poorly estimates histologic damage. Patients with diabetes, hypertension, or Black race had more severe histologic damage at the same eGFR. The inclusion of glomerulosclerosis significantly improved the kidney function decline estimation.

Background

Patients with diabetic or hypertensive kidney disease rarely undergo kidney biopsy because nephrologists commonly believe that biopsy-related risk outweighs the potential benefits of obtaining histologic information to guide clinical decisions. Although kidney function is acutely regulated, histologic changes such as interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and glomerulosclerosis may represent chronic kidney damage, and thus might provide additional information about disease severity. However, whether histologic analysis provides information complementary to clinically used kidney function measurements, such as eGFR and proteinuria, is unclear.

Methods

We performed a standardized semiquantitative histologic analysis of 859 nephrectomies obtained from individuals with or without diabetes mellitus or hypertension and varying degrees of kidney dysfunction. Changes in glomeruli, tubules, interstitium, and the vasculature were scored using 17 descriptive parameters in a standardized manner. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses and unbiased, hierarchical clustering to assess associations between histologic alterations and clinical variables.

Results

At CKD stages 3–5, eGFR correlates reasonably well with the degree of glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA). In patients with CKD stages 1–2, the degree of histologic damage was highly variable and eGFR poorly estimated the degree of damage. Individuals with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or Black race had significantly more glomerulosclerosis and IFTA, at the same eGFR level. Inclusion of glomerulosclerosis improved the kidney function decline estimation, even at early disease stages.

Conclusions

Histologic analysis is an important complementary method for kidney disease evaluation, especially at early disease stages. Some individuals present with relatively severe structural damage despite preserved eGFR.
Willingness of Body donation
Authors:   Assistant professor, Dept of Neuroscience & Anatomy, Trinity School of Medicine, St. Vincent & the Grenadines., Karkera Shilpa
Published: August 2021

Cadavers are an incomparable resource for teaching labs in Anatomy. Without dissection of cadavers teaching and learning anatomy barely impossible; due to difficulty in correlating theoretical knowledge with practical knowledge. The objective of the study was to evaluate the awareness regarding the body donation after death. A survey was randomly distributed among older than 18 years, which included MBBS students, Dental students, and duty doctors in Bangalore. A total 380 participants filled up the questionnaire and consent letter providing information on demographic, educational, and religious aspects specific ones related to the willingness to donate own bodies. On the 380 participants, 140 (37%) were women and 240 (63%) were men, with ages from 18 to 45 years. Reasons to donate, majority 92.63% of the respondent expressed their positive attitude; 7.4% had negative attitudes. Main motives to donate were related to support teaching, research, and science, while the main reason for not to donate was associated with lack of sufficient information. The profile of potential donors was obtained from the analysis of all the respondents, and we also compared with different studies demonstrating that not only cultural, ethnic and religion aspects may determine the willingness to donate but also the level of public information and facilities to register as donors. KEY WORDS: Body donation, Cadavers, awareness, knowledge, future generations.
USED FRYING OIL BIODIESEL PRODUCTION: EXPERIMENTAL FACTORIAL DESIGN AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS
Authors: Schneider Rosana De Cassia de Souza , Mocellin Robson , Da Trindade Marcos Moura , Silva Lara Luciano Roni , Ferrão Marco Flores
Published: August 2021

RESUMO: Biodiesel é derivado de fontes renováveis e reduz significativamente as emissões atmosféricas. Pode ser obtido de diversos processos, como a alcoolise. Neste trabalho, o biodiesel foi produzido através da alcoolise do óleo de fritura usado de indústrias de alimentação. Um planejamento experimental foi utilizado e os produtos de reação foram analisados por cromatografia gasosa (CG) espectroscopia na região do infravermelho com acessório de reflexão total atenuada horizontal (IV-HATR) e análise exploratória por análise de componentes principais (PCA) e análise hierárquica de grupos (HCA). De acordo com as condições analisadas obteve-se alta conversão em ésteres metílicos. Por IV-HATR, a conversão máxima foi observada em condições experimentais de temperatura ( 50 e 60°C), concentração de catalisador (0,6 e 1,2%) e a 1:8 de relação molar entre óleo e metanol. Também foi possível discriminar por análise quimiométrica, 4 grupos no planejamento experimental e determinar as melhores condições para a produção de biodiesel de óleo de fritura usado.
Reevaluación de los bosques tropicales estacionalmente secos de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra del Abra Tanchipa y áreas con potencial para su conservación
Authors: Gutiérrez-Hernández Romina , Sahagún-Sánchez Francisco Javier , Delgado-Sánchez Pablo , Castillo-Lara Pedro , Fortanelli-Martínez Javier , Reyes-Hernández Humberto , De-Nova José Arturo
Published: August 2021

Antecedentes: La Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra del Abra Tanchipa incluye bosques tropicales estacionalmente secos, considerados como eco- sistemas vulnerables en el Neotrópico. Recientemente se elaboró una cartografía sobre su distribución que requería una verificación. Pregunta: ¿Cuál es la distribución espacial de los bosques tropicales estacionalmente secos de la Reserva en la actualidad? ¿Cuáles sitios dentro del área de influencia pueden ser propuestos como áreas destinadas voluntariamente para la conservación?Sitio de estudio y fechas: Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra del Abra Tanchipa, San Luis Potosí, México, de agosto de 2014 a junio de 2019. Métodos: Se estudiaron 17 sitios de muestreo, elegidos completamente al azar y se estimó el índice de valor de importancia relativa. Se realizó un análisis de similitud para reclasificar las variantes de vegetación. Se revisó la cartografía existente de vegetación, se actualizó su distribución espacial y se identificaron áreas potenciales para la conservación.Resultados: Se registraron 177 especies de plantas leñosas, de las cuales154 son arbóreas o arbustivas y 23 trepadoras. Las familias más ricas fueron Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae y Malpighiaceae. Se reconocieron cuatro variantes de vegetación: selva baja caducifolia, selva baja subcaducifolia, selva mediana subcaducifolia y selva mediana subperennifolia. Se identificaron cinco áreas en la zona de influencia de la Reserva que podrían ser destinadas voluntariamente a la conservación.Conclusiones: La correcta delimitación espacial de las cubiertas de vegetación de la Reserva es útil para promover acciones de manejo y con- servación que garanticen la permanencia de los bosques tropicales estacionalmente secos.Palabras clave: Bosque tropical caducifolio, cartografía, cubierta vegetal, índice del valor de importancia.
GNE myopathy with thrombocytopenia: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Rim Joshua , Li Yuebing
Published: August 2021

None
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis: More Evidence Suggesting a Link
Authors: Pocock Kristyn , Baysal Idil , Scanlan James , Elliott Michael , Mayadev Angeli
Published: August 2021

Objectives Previous reports of the concurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the same patients suggest shared pathogenesis, with the C9orf72 mutation as a possible shared genetic link.

Methods: Symptoms, neuroimaging, and laboratory data were summarized for patients with ALS and MS within our ALS registry.  Using age adjusted MS prevalence rates, we calculated the expected co-occurrence using the binomial test. 

Results: Clinical and demographic features of the five patients (four female, one male) with ALS and MS are described.  Because ALS more frequently occurs in men, observing 4/5 female patients with concurrent ALS/MS showed a borderline expectation difference (P=0.073).  The observed co-occurrence of ALS and MS was 5X times higher than the expected frequency of 0.98 (P <0.004).  Four patients were found negative for C9orf72.

Discussion: Our results suggest a non-random association between MS and ALS, although shared genetic etiology was not found.
Duration and temporal dispersion measurements in CIDP subjects from the Polyneuropathy And Treatment with Hizentra (PATH) study
Authors: Menon Deepak , Vijayan Joy , Lawo John-Philip , Mielke Orell , Ngo Mylan , Dela Cruz James , Bril Vera
Published: August 2021

Abstract:

Introduction: Distal compound muscle action potential (dCMAP) duration and temporal dispersion (TD) are electrophysiological hallmarks of demyelination and important for the diagnosis of CIDP. While the impact of CIDP treatment on other nerve conduction parameters has been examined, the effects on dCMAP and TD remain unexplored. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of withdrawal of immunoglobulin treatment on dCMAP duration and TD, and also the influence of the measurement technique on dCMAP duration and TD.

Methods: Nerve conduction studies were analyzed from the PATH (Polyneuropathy And Treatment with Hizentra) study which randomized patients with CIDP to two doses of IgPro 20 and placebo. Distal CMAP duration and TD were obtained by two methods of measurements (D1 and D2, TD1 and TD2) from the median and peroneal nerves.  

Results: The dCMAP and TD were obtained from 389 tracings. While the two methods of measurement showed differences in D1 and D2 with D2 longer than D1 in all the three groups, there was no difference between the TD1 and TD2. There was no difference at baseline in dCMAP duration or TD among the three groups. At the end of treatment, patients in the placebo arm had no worsening of dCMAP and TD compared to baseline or the treated groups.

Conclusion: dCMAP duration and TD did not show a difference between treated and placebo groups, and may be less sensitive measures than other nerve conduction parameters when evaluating changes in treatment. The method of dCMAP duration measurement does not affect TD as long as a consistent method is followed.
Factors of sustainable development to be considered in the financial modelling of investment projects
Authors: Efimova Ol'ga V.
Published: August 2021

Subject. The development of financial models is an essential tool of investment analysis, which allows evaluating the commercial attractiveness of projects with due consideration of the involved risks. The most pressing risks that have an impact on the key parameters of financial models of many investment projects are related to sustainable development factors. The article examines the issues regarding the influence of sustainable development factors on the development of financial models of investment projects. Method. The methods of the investigation included logical, statistical, and financial analysis. The study also used data from IFRS-based financial statements, presentations for investors provided on the websites, and public non-financial reporting of Russian companies (sustainability reports, integrated reporting), data concerning the SDG indicators of Rosstat and analytical and rating agencies, the results of international research, and recommendations by professional organisations. Objectives. A comprehensive study of the problem concerning the development of financial models with due account of the sustainable development requirements, risks, and opportunities for the benefit of investment decision making. Results. A quantitative assessment of financial implications of the impact of ESG factors on the parameters of the financial model requires detailed empirical studies based on a wide range of criteria. A lack of transparency in relation to applied methods of analysis and data used to assess the impact of ESG factors on the financial performance of investment projects makes it difficult to develop an investment analysis methodology and to propagate best practices. In order to develop a common approach and to generalise the results of the study, a sequence of procedures was recommended aimed at the integration of ESG factors in the development of a financial model.