bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data augmentation and simultaneous prediction of optical properties of a porous core single mode fiber: CTGAN in the domain of optics
Authors: Rahman Afiquer , Mollah Md. Aslam
Published: February 2025

Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) architectures have garnered significant interest due to their versatile applications across various fields. However, the complexity of PCF designs and the computational demands of full vectorial finite element method (FV-FEM) simulations pose challenges in fully realizing their potential. While prior research has explored artificial neural networks (ANNs) to accelerate simulation predictions, proposed approaches were often limited by sample size and generalizability. In this manuscript we introduce conditional generative adversarial networks (CTGAN) to augment real datasets, facilitating more effective ANN training. We evaluate CTGAN’s performance by comparing the quality of augmented data with real data and assess the predictive accuracy of ANNs trained on both augmented and real datasets. Our results demonstrate enhanced predictive accuracy, with higher R
2 values for optical property predictions from structural parameters using the augmented dataset-trained ANN. Furthermore, the mean squared error (MSE) during ANN training decreased significantly (from 0.0051 to 0.0011), requiring fewer convergence epochs of only 88 compared to 114 for the real dataset. The proposed approach enables faster optical property predictions while reducing the required dataset generation simulations by up to 27.9 %.
Variational approach to multimode nonlinear optical fibers
Authors: Lorenzi Francesco , Salasnich Luca
Published: February 2025

We analyze the spatiotemporal solitary waves of a graded-index multimode optical fiber with a parabolic transverse index profile. Using the nonpolynomial Schrödinger equation approach, we derive an effective one-dimensional Lagrangian associated with the Laguerre–Gauss modes with a generic radial mode number p and azimuthal index m. We show that the form of the equations of motion for any Laguerre–Gauss mode is particularly simple, and we derive the critical power for the collapse for every mode. By solving the nonpolynomial Schrödinger equation, we provide a comparison of the stationary mode profiles in the radial and temporal coordinates.
Visible transparency modulated cooling windows using pseudorandom dielectric multilayers
Authors: Seo Seok-Beom , Lee Jong-Goog , Yu Jae-Seon , Kim Jae-Hyun , Jung Serang , Kang Gumin , Ko Hyungduk , Hu Run , Lee Eungkyu , Kim Sun-Kyung
Published: February 2025

The increasing global temperatures have escalated the demand for indoor cooling, thus requiring energy-saving solutions. Traditional approaches often integrate metal layers in cooling windows to block near-infrared (NIR) sunlight, which, albeit effective, lack the broad modulation of visible transmission and lead to heat accumulation due to sunlight absorption. Here, we address these limitations by developing cooling windows using ZnS/MgF2 multilayers, optimized through a binary optimization-based active learning process. We demonstrated that these multilayers, with a total thickness below 1 µm, effectively reduced indoor temperatures by blocking NIR sunlight while achieving desired visible transmittance. The designed multilayers exhibited visible transmittance ranging from 0.41 to 0.89 while retaining decent NIR reflectance between 0.37 and 0.52. These spectral characteristics remained consistent up to incident angles of >60°, ensuring their practical applicability for vertically oriented windows. Outdoor experiments showed substantial temperature reductions of up to 8.8 °C on floors compared to uncoated glass windows. The active learning-based multilayers exhibited superior performance compared to analytical ZnS/MgF2 distributed Bragg reflectors with equivalent thicknesses by improving NIR reflectance and modulating visible transmittance. In addition, multilayers with a greater number of bits extensively tuned transmission color, enabling customization for aesthetic purposes. These findings suggest that all-dielectric multilayers can provide a scalable, cost-effective alternative for reducing energy consumption in buildings and vehicles with large glass surfaces, supporting efforts to mitigate climate change through enhanced energy efficiency.
W-band frequency selective digital metasurface using active learning-based binary optimization
Authors: Kim Young-Bin , Park Jaehyeon , Kim Jun-Young , Seo Seok-Beom , Kim Sun-Kyung , Lee Eungkyu
Published: February 2025

The W-band is essential for applications like high-resolution imaging and advanced monitoring systems, but high-frequency signal attenuation leads to poor signal-to-noise ratios, posing challenges for compact and multi-channel systems. This necessitates distinct frequency selective surfaces (FSS) on a single substrate, a complex task due to inherent substrate resonance modes. In this study, we use a digital metasurface platform to design W-band FSS on a glass substrate, optimized through binary optimization assisted by active learning. The digital metasurface is composed of a periodic array of sub-wavelength unit cells, each containing hundreds of metal or dielectric pixels that act as binary states. By utilizing a machine learning model, we apply active learning-aided binary optimization to determine the optimal binary state configurations for a given target FSS profile. Specifically, we identify optimal designs for distinct FSS on a conventional glass substrate, with transmittance peaks at 79.3 GHz and Q-factors of 32.7.
Baseline-free structured light 3D imaging using a metasurface double-helix dot projector
Authors: Shen Zicheng , Ni Yibo , Yang Yuanmu
Published: February 2025

Structured light is a widely used 3D imaging method with a drawback that it typically requires a long baseline length between the laser projector and the camera sensor, which hinders its utilization in space-constrained scenarios. On the other hand, the application of passive 3D imaging methods, such as depth from depth-dependent point spread functions (PSFs), is impeded by the challenge in measuring textureless scenes. Here, we combine the advantages of both structured light and depth-dependent PSFs and propose a baseline-free structured light 3D imaging system. A metasurface is designed to project a structured dot array and encode depth information in the double-helix pattern of each dot simultaneously. Combined with a straightforward and fast algorithm, we demonstrate accurate 3D point cloud acquisition for various real-world scenarios including multiple cardboard boxes and a living human face. Such a technique may find application in a broad range of areas including consumer electronics and precision metrology.
Crystal structure of (E)-(3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)acryloyl)ferrocene, C25H20FeO2
Authors: Gao Jie , Zhang Shuang , Wang Yanan , Guo Yucong , Liu Bin
Published: February 2025

C25H20FeO2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 15.9672(10) Å, b = 5.7830(4) Å, c = 20.9889(15) Å, β = 104.017(3)°, V = 1880.4(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0565 wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1227, T = 173 K.
Navigating challenges and maximizing potential: Handling complications and constraints in minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Qadrie Zulfkar , Maqbool Mudasir , Dar Mohd Altaf , Qadir Afshana
Published: February 2025

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has revolutionized the field of surgery by offering reduced trauma, faster recovery times, and improved patient outcomes compared to traditional open procedures. However, the widespread adoption of MIS is not without challenges, and managing complications and limitations is essential for optimizing patient safety and surgical efficacy. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the strategies employed in the management of complications and limitations associated with MIS. Complications in MIS can arise from various factors, including anatomical variations, unexpected bleeding, or difficulties in instrument manipulation. Recognizing the potential for complications is crucial, and surgeons must be equipped to make real-time decisions, including the possibility of converting to open procedures when necessary. Patient selection plays a pivotal role, with thorough preoperative assessments helping identify individuals who may be at higher risk for complications. Limitations in MIS are diverse and can stem from anatomical challenges, such as restricted access in confined spaces or complex structures. While technological advancements, such as robotic-assisted surgery and advanced imaging, have mitigated some limitations, ongoing efforts are directed toward overcoming challenges related to limited range of motion and maneuverability in intricate anatomical locations. Strategies for the management of complications and limitations involve a multidisciplinary approach. Surgeon training and proficiency in MIS techniques are paramount, emphasizing the importance of ongoing education and simulation-based training. Thorough preoperative planning, including a comprehensive assessment of patient history and anatomical considerations, helps anticipate potential challenges. Additionally, advancements in technology, such as enhanced imaging and robotic-assisted systems, contribute to improved visualization and precision during MIS. Regular maintenance and calibration of equipment, along with an emphasis on team communication and collaboration, further enhance the safety and effectiveness of MIS. The management of complications and limitations in MIS requires a holistic approach, encompassing surgical expertise, technological innovations, and meticulous preoperative planning. By addressing these challenges, the field of MIS continues to evolve, offering patients minimally invasive options with enhanced safety and efficacy.
Applications of ionizing irradiation in oil industry: a review
Authors: Taheri Ali , Shirmardi Seyed Pezhman
Published: February 2025

Ionizing radiation offers unique opportunities for addressing critical challenges in the oil industry, including efficient hydrocarbon processing and environmental remediation. This review highlights the diverse applications of ionizing radiation in oil-related processes, such as cracking, polymerization, desulfurization, and the treatment of oilfield-produced wastewater. By synthesizing findings from recent studies, this paper emphasizes the advantages of radiation technologies in enhancing process efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and supporting sustainable energy production. The necessity of this review lies in bridging knowledge gaps, identifying emerging trends, and fostering the broader adoption of advanced radiation-based technologies in the oil sector.
On nonlocal PDEs with small equipollent parameters
Authors: Coulibaly Alioune
Published: February 2025

The paper deals with the large deviation principle for a family of nonlocal nonlinear partial differential equations with Neumann boundary condition in the half space.
Specially, we study the behavior of

u

ε
,
δ

:

R
d

→
R

u^{\varepsilon{,\delta}}\colon\mathbb{R}^{d}\to\mathbb{R}

, solution of equations with periodic coefficients varying over length scale 𝛿 and nonlinear reaction term of scale

1
/
ε

1/\varepsilon

.
Our method is fully probabilistic.
Since the problem depends on two equipollent parameters (𝜀 and 𝛿), both tending to zero, we may apply the large deviations principle with homogenized coefficients.
The main finding of the paper is new and is an extension of many known results in the literature.
On the existence and uniqueness of solutions to natural equations with non-Lipschitz conditions
Authors: Mohammed Chikouche Elias Taki Eddine , Benziadi Fatima , Caraballo Tomás , Kandouci Abdeldjebbar
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we concentrate on a prominent financial model known as the natural model.
Specifically, this model is represented by a stochastic differential equation called the natural equation, which plays a crucial role in our investigation.
More precisely, our primary aim is to establish the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the natural equation under a condition weaker than the Lipschitz condition, termed the non-Lipschitz condition.
Our investigation is grounded in certain inequalities, such as Gronwall’s inequality, Bihari’s inequality, and Burkholder–Davis–Gundy (BDG) inequality.
Additionally, the mean square stability of the solutions to the natural equation is obtained in this research.
The “Daily Digital”: (Re)imagining Technology in Home-Based Women’s Gig Work in Egypt.
Authors: Mourad Laila
Published: February 2025

The gig economy is (re)shaping work and revolutionising the use of technology in everyday life. In Egypt, where more than 50 per cent of women’s enterprises are home-based, digital tools such as smartphones and social media are integral to managing informal labour practices. This paper challenges neoliberal development narratives by introducing the Daily Digital framework, a decolonial feminist lens that centres the relational and experiential dimensions of technology use. Unlike existing frameworks, it repositions the household as a site of innovation and economic agency, emphasising women’s creative strategies for (re)imagining technology and integrating it into their daily lives and work. Based on fieldwork conducted in Egypt in 2022 and 2023 with 25 home-based online food vendors, I demonstrate how women gig workers use their socially reproductive knowledges and relationalities to transform technology into a versatile tool for navigating and overcoming structural, material and social barriers, while (re)claiming and redefining their agency and mobility. This research contributes to feminist and decolonial scholarship by centring the lived experiences of women in informal economies and providing a new lens to theorise the intersections of technology, gender and labour. The Daily Digital framework offers valuable insights for (re)imagining gig work and advancing research and policy in the Global South.
Phase Analysis and Densification of Steatite-based Ceramics
Authors: Kelvin H. , Ramesh S. , Tan C.Y. , Teng W.D.
Published: February 2025

The effect of manganese oxide on the sintering of steatite-based ceramic was studied. Steatite powder used in this work was doped with varying amounts of manganese oxide—5% to 30% (wt). The green samples were cold-isostatically pressed and pressureless sintered at temperatures ranging from 950ºC to 1150ºC using varying holding times. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed no secondary phases detected in any samples regardless of dopant addition and sintering conditions. It was revealed that the bulk density of steatite ceramic increased with manganese oxide when sintering at 1050ºC. However, sintering at 1100ºC using 1 minute holding time was found to be the most effective in enhancing the bulk density as well as the Vickers hardness of manganese oxide-doped steatite ceramic.
Abandono estudiantil en el curso de Matemática General: identificación de variables relevantes para su predicción
Authors: Zamora Araya José Andrey , Moreira Mora Tania Elena
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar las variables más importantes para la predicción del abandono estudiantil del curso de Matemática General, de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (UNA), considerando el tipo de estudiante y el momento en que se identifica el abandono. Se construyeron seis modelos predictivos (dos grupos estudiantiles en tres momentos diferentes) y en cada modelo se implementaron tres algoritmos de aprendizaje supervisado: Regresión Logística (RL), Random Forest (RF) y XGBoost (XGB). La muestra total se dividió en archivos de entrenamientos, estudiantado que matriculó el curso durante los años 2017 y 2018 y archivos de prueba correspondientes a la matrícula del año 2019. Una vez calibrados los hiperparámetros (validación 10 folds) se identificaron las principales variables asociadas con abandono estudiantil (AE) en el curso de Matemática General de cada modelo con base en la medida de importancia de Gini. No obstante, el rendimiento de los algoritmos oscila entre valores de F1- Score de 0.6251 y 0.7300. Además, se comparó el poder predictivo de los algoritmos en cada modelo por medio de un ANOVA de medidas repetidas con validación cruzada con 10 Folds, y no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los tres algoritmos en ninguno de los modelos propuestos. Las principales variables asociadas al abandono estudiantil (AE) son de tipo académico como la nota de la prueba de actitud académica (PAA), la nota de colegio y las notas de las pruebas parciales, individuales; como el sexo y la edad de ingreso, económicas; como la beca y el índice de desarrollo social (IDS) e institucionales como el estrato, la edad y especialización del personal docente. Se recomienda asignar al profesorado especializado en Matemática Educativa para impartir los cursos iniciales y el diseño propuesto para tomar decisiones sobre acciones que aumenten la permanencia.
Project Study: HOK Sport Venue Event Headquarters Kansas City, Missouri
Authors:   PCI Journal Staff
Published: February 2025

Over 800 precast/prestressed concrete components combined aesthetically to frame HOK Sport Venue Event’s new four-level headquarters with integrated parking structure in Kansas City, Mo. IPC, Inc., was the precast concrete producer.
Archaeology at Home: Notes on Things, Life and Time
Authors: Bjerck Hein B.
Published: February 2025

Archaeology at Home takes a deep dive into the entanglements between humans and their things. It explores the notion that things themselves “remember” when left by “their” people and illustrates how the integration of humans and things involves connections running all the way from the present into deep time.

Combining methods from contemporary and deep-time archaeology and balancing scholarly archaeology with personal narrative, Hein Bjerck presents three case studies of homes all intimately known to him — the home of his father after his abrupt passing, the home of his uncle that was lost in a fire, and a Stone Age home he excavated many years ago.

This evocative approach to archaeologies of memory will be appreciated by professional archaeologists, and by general readers who are drawn to the study of the past and the things that connect us with it.
Measuring Waste Circularity: Moving Towards a Circular Economy
Authors: Mesquita Míriam Machado Fabris , Sabbadini Francisco Santos , Costa Kelly Alonso
Published: February 2025

Abstract The linear production model, which extracts raw materials and discards products, is reaching its limits. Therefore, it is necessary to find solutions to prevent waste. Circular economy advocates the idea of keeping materials in use for as long as possible; one of its principles is eliminating waste. This study aimed to measure the circularity of waste in a flat glass manufacturing industry through an indicator that compared different scenarios within the company. Comparisons were made between the company’s real scenario and its worst and best-case scenarios. The indicator measured the company’s waste circularity and proved useful for implementing improvements based on waste reuse. The indicator calculation implied that the company achieved 83% of the ideal scenario, where all waste is reused.
Leitura Literária nos Anos Iniciais: um inventário de 2001 a 2022
Authors: Campos Josiane Xavier Theláu , Erthal João Paulo Casaro
Published: February 2025

Resumo Este artigo parte da premissa de que a leitura de literatura é uma necessidade universal. Por esse motivo, constitui-se como um direito inalienável e a escola é um espaço privilegiado para a garantia desse direito (Candido, 2011). Com vistas a estabelecer o estado do conhecimento da leitura literária para os anos iniciais, utilizou-se a metodologia de análise documental de artigos publicados em quatro periódicos nacionais, de 2001 a 2022. Os artigos foram organizados nas categorias: escolarização da literatura infantil, formação do professor para a prática de leitura literária, história e políticas públicas de incentivo à leitura literária e diversidade e inclusão na literatura infantil.
Effect of graphene oxide on hydration activity of spherical magnesium oxide
Authors: Gan Yanguo , Ye Zhengmao , Wu Jiaming
Published: February 2025

The spherical morphology of magnesium oxide (MgO) exhibits a high porosity and an extensive specific surface area, contributing to its significant hydration activity. These characteristics make it a valuable material across various applications in the construction industry. Graphene oxide (GO) is rich in functional groups, which have been increasingly utilized in recent years for the surface modification of various materials. In this study, spherical MgO was synthesized, and GO was applied to its surface using a wet mixing method to investigate the effects of GO on the hydration performance of MgO and to analyze the underlying mechanisms. The results indicate that within the range of 0.0% to 0.6% GO content, the hydration activity of MgO first decreases and then increases with increasing GO dosage. GO tends to adsorb onto the MgO surface during hydration, initially inhibiting early hydration reactions. However, when the GO content exceeds 0.3%, free GO in the system complexes with Mg2+ ions in the solution, which subsequently promotes the hydration of MgO.
Effect of cure parameters on void content and mechanical properties of composite laminates
Authors: Esmer Ömer , Salamcı Elmas , Tüzemen Mehmet Çağrı
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the effects of curing parameters including pressure, heating rate, and time on mechanical performance of composite laminates, specifically focusing on interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), flexural properties, and void content. Seven cure cycles were designed and optimized by controlling the following processing parameters during autoclave manufacturing: (a) pressure (0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 MPa), (b) heating rate (0.6, 2.2, and 3.9°C/min), and (c) cure time (90, 120, and 150 min) with autoclave curing applied at 179°C. Seven composite panels were fabricated using these cure cycles to study the effects of the previously mentioned parameters on curing quality. The void content and interlaminar and flexural properties were studied using the ILSS described in EN-2563, the three-point bending method outlined in ASTM-D790, and the determination of the fiber, resin, and void contents specified in EN-2564, along with scanning electron microscopy. Consequently, the most important parameter identified for the ILSS is the void volume fraction. Moreover, void content is highly dependent on pressure throughout the cure cycle. With increased pressure from 0.3 to 0.7 MPa, the void content decreased from 0.29% to 0.12% and the ILSS increased by 10.32%. Statistical analysis was performed to determine significance and correlations.
Cambios de las propiedades fisicoquímicas de una emulsión enriquecida con carotenoides de epicarpio de chontaduro: Influencia del ultrasonido
Authors: Ordoñez Santos Luis Eduardo , Velasco-Arango Viviana Andrea , Possu-Noriega Lady , Martínez-Girón Jader , Duque Guillermo , Cortes Rodríguez Misael
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el efecto del ultrasonido en las propiedades fisicoquímicas y concentración de carotenoides de una emulsión elaborada con extracto lipídico de epicarpio de chontaduro. Metodología: El extracto lipídico de epicarpio de chontaduro se utilizó para obtener una emulsión enriquecida de carotenoides y se evaluaron las variables de respuesta pH, color superficial, conductividad eléctrica, potencial z, tamaño de partícula, y concentración de carotenoides, después de los tratamientos de ultrasonido. Resultados: El ultrasonido aumentó significativamente la concentración de los carotenoides (β-caroteno, α-caroteno, β-criptoxantina, zeaxantina, y licopeno) en la emulsión. El pH, la conductividad eléctrica, el potencial zeta, y el tamaño de partícula, disminuyeron significativamente, mientras que los parámetros de color L* y C aumentaron significativamente. Conclusiones: El proceso de ultrasonido aumenta la concentración de los carotenoides, y mejora la percepción de color en la emulsión evaluada.
Vinculación Universidad-Empresa para el Impulso del Desarrollo Tecnológico: Una Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Torres Anillo Karen , Gallego Muñoz Girlez , Ramírez Duran Javier
Published: February 2025

Objetivo:  Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las dinámicas clave del relacionamiento Universidad-Empresa hacia el desarrollo tecnológico, con el fin de identificar cómo estas interacciones pueden potenciar la innovación y la competitividad en diversas áreas del conocimiento. Metodología o método: Se utilizó una revisión sistematizada de la literatura basada en el método PRISMA, y se seleccionaron estudios de la base de datos Scopus, cubriendo el periodo 2018-2023. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico con R Project y VOS Viewer para identificar patrones y tendencias en la colaboración Universidad-Empresa. Resultados: Los resultados muestran un crecimiento significativo en la producción académica, destacando que en 2022 se publicaron 55 estudios relacionados, principalmente en áreas como ingeniería, ciencias sociales y ciencias naturales. De un total de 463 documentos localizados, se seleccionaron 44 publicaciones relevantes para el análisis. El estudio revela que la colaboración entre universidades, empresas y el estado es fundamental para fomentar la innovación tecnológica, con especial énfasis en la transferencia de conocimiento y la creación de productos y servicios innovadores. Estas alianzas estratégicas fortalecen los ecosistemas de investigación y desarrollo, contribuyendo a mejorar la competitividad en contextos globales. Conclusiones: La investigación concluye que para maximizar los beneficios de estas relaciones es necesario mejorar las sinergias entre academia y sector productivo, proporcionando recomendaciones prácticas para optimizar dichas colaboraciones y fomentar un entorno favorable para el desarrollo tecnológico y económico.
Spatial analysis of academic performance in the areas of systems and telematics in the Saber Pro tests in the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Chanchí Golondrino Gabriel Elías , Ospina Alarcón Manuel Alejandro , Pinedo Javier Antonio
Published: February 2025

Objective: To conduct a study based on spatial data analysis to characterize academic performance in the five competencies of the Saber Pro tests, carried out by students of Systems Engineering and related programs in the departments of the Colombian Caribbean. Methodology: For the development of this research, a four-phase adaptation of the CRISP-DM methodology was utilized: F1. Business and data understanding, F2. Data preparation, F3. Modeling, F4. Evaluation and analysis. Results: As a result, the analysis of quantiles identified the departments in the Caribbean coast with the highest and lowest performance across the five areas of the test. Additionally, spatial regression analysis was used to determine the correlation among the five competencies of the test. Finally, spatial clustering analysis identified groups of departments that collectively achieved the best and worst results. Conclusions: the results obtained in this study are intended to guide strategic decision-making aimed at improving the quality of education in the Colombian Caribbean coast. Furthermore, the proposed study serves as a foundation for extrapolating spatial data analysis to other regions and specific levels of the Saber tests.
Eco-Friendly Synthesis, Spectral, Morphological Analysis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles (Co3O4NPs) Mediated by Leaves Extract of Pedalium murex L and its Anti-bacterial, Antifungal, Antioxidant and Anticancer (MCF-7 Cell Line) Study
Authors:   PG and Research Department of Physics, Government Arts College, Chidambaram, 608001, Tamil Nadu, India, Manikandan R , Navinkumar M D , Prakasam A , Esther P , Vanitha G , Sathiyamoorthi K , Dhinakaran B
Published: February 2025

Objectives: To evaluate the structural, morphological and biomedical application of green synthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles. Methods: The leaf extracts of Pedalium murex L. have been used as a stabilizing and reducing agent for the synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles. In the present study, green synthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles have been characterized by three types of spectrometry, such as Ultra-Violet, Infra-red and Fluorescence spectrometers; the shape and size of the cobalt oxide nanoparticles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Dynamic light scattering, SEM with EDS and TEM analysis; biomedical application of the cobalt oxide nanoparticles were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity by disc diffusion method. The activities were tested against various bacterial and fungal microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans and Trichoderma viride. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical methods and anticancer activity was tested on the MCF-7 cell line. Findings: The Greener method is very useful environmentally in reducing hazardous solvents and some other chemical reagents. UV spectrum has shown an absorption maximum at 532.28 and 797.83 nm; similarly of FTIR spectrum has shown frequencies at 663cm-1 and 570 cm-1, and FL has shown absorption at 765nm. The present work authenticated that the inclusion of Pedalium murex L. extracts enhances the reducing property. Two absorption maximum and IR dual frequencies indicated the Co2+ and Co3+ ions in the spinel structure of Co3O4NPs. The particle size from Scherrer's formula has been obtained as ~21.8nm, which indicates the maximum biological applications for its minimum size. The morphology of present NPs has been obtained as a spherical shape by SEM analysis and spherical and rod shapes by TEM analysis. The antibacterial efficacy has been observed and pointed out that the present NPs have acted as better antibacterial agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The Co3O4NPs showed a good response against cancer cells (MCF-7) (IC50;80 g/mL), indicating its greater efficacy in killing cancer cells. Novelty: The green synthesis of Co3O4 NPs was achieved with Pedalium murex L. leaf extract with the application of antibacterial and antifungal activity, in addition to potential application in cancer treatment.

Keywords: Eco-friendly Synthesis; Pedalium murex L; Co3O4NPs; Antibacterial; Antifungal Antioxidant and Anticancer activity
Optimization of 5G Sub Band Antenna Design Using Machine Learning Techniques for WiFi & WiMAX Application
Authors:   Department of ECE, RGUKT Nuzvid & JNTUK, Nuzvid, 521201, India, Pusuluri Vinod Babu , Prasad A M , Darimireddy Naresh K
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This article presents the design of a 5G-n78 sub-band frequency antenna for WiMAX and WLAN applications, along with its design optimization using four supervised machine learning models: Polynomial Regression (PR), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The performance of the machine learning models is evaluated using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) metric for both the test and train datasets. Furthermore, the dimensions obtained from the most efficient model, XGBoost, are utilized for fabrication and verification purposes. Method: The proposed patch antenna, designed on an FR-4 substrate with a relative dielectric constant of 4.4, a thickness of 1.6 mm, and a loss tangent of 0.002, is modeled in the High-Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) at a frequency of 3.3 GHz. The design dimensions are analyzed over a wide range to generate the dataset required for machine learning implementation to optimize the dimensions. Polynomial regression models of orders 2 and 7 are verified, with better accuracy in terms of RMSE obtained from all four ML models. Findings: The proposed metal patch antenna, with dimensions of (0.304λ0​×0.238λ0​) mm², resonates at 3.3 GHz, achieving a return loss (S11​) of -37.4 dB, a standing wave ratio (SWR) of 1.03, and a gain of 4.06 dBi. A dataset of 2000 records was generated using a full-wave electromagnetic simulator for training and testing purposes across all four ML models. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values obtained for training and testing were 4.42 and 4.44 for the Decision Tree model, 2.04 and 3.17 for the seventh-order Polynomial Regression model, 0.81 and 2.20 for the Random Forest model, and 0.72 and 1.14 for the XGBoost model. The dimensions obtained from the XGBoost model (18 mm in length and 28.5 mm in width) were used for fabrication. The proposed, ML-based simulated, and fabricated return loss values were verified, further, the computational time required for ML simulation is 0.0578s against 9.05m in HFSS simulator. Novelty: Present work reveals the introduction of ML techniques in conventional electromagnetic solvers for better optimization in less time with more efficiency and reachable to antenna engineers.

Keywords: High Frequency Structural Simulator, Machine Learning Algorithm, Microstrip Patch Antenna, Return loss, Root Mean square error
Investigation of Physical, Structural and Optical Properties of Borate Glasses with Chromium Doping for Optical Device Applications
Authors:   Department of Physics, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga, 577 451, India, Nayaka Ravikumara , Biradar Shrikant , Dinkar Ashok , Gurav Basavaraj , Devidas G B
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The glass system with the composition (60-x)B2O3-1V2O5-19K2O-10CaO-10BaO-xCr2O3 (where x = 0 to 1.0 mol %) was synthesized to explore physical, structural and optical characteristics of Cr-doped glasses. Methods: The glasses were fabricated using a conventional melt-quenching procedure at 1100ºC. The non-crystalline structure of the developed glasses was verified using X-ray diffraction analysis. The density of the glasses was determined using the Archimedes principle, and based on the density, other physical parameters were computed. The structural characteristics were examined using FTIR spectroscopy, while the optical properties were analyzed via UV-Visible spectroscopy. Additionally, photoluminescence spectra were investigated. Findings: XRD analysis verified the non-amorphous nature of the synthesized glasses. A rise in density from 2.532 to 5.705 g/cm3 and a reduction in molar volume from 32.613 to 30.747 cm3/mol of the glass samples were noted with increasing Cr2O3 content. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of different structural groups such as BO3, BO4, Cr3+, etc., and changes within the glass matrix. Optical absorption spectra show two absorption bands at 371 nm and 615 nm are attributed to 4A2g → 4T1g (F) and 4A2g → 4T2g electronic transitions. The optical band gap energy decreases from 3.556 to 2.998 eV showing structural changes and the formation of non-bridging oxygens and an increase in electron confinement. Additional optical parameters, including the refractive index, molar refraction, and metallization ratio, were assessed. Photoluminescence intensity increases as the content of the dopant increases in the glasses. Novelty: This study incorporated a combination of alkali elements and transition metal oxides in its formulation, which enhanced the structural and optical characteristics. The resulting optical data indicate that the synthesized glasses are well-suited for a range of optoelectronic device applications.

Keywords: Borate glasses, Chromium oxide, FTIR, Optical properties, Photoluminescence
Antibiogram of Borderline Oxacillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA) and Modified Staphylococcus aureus (MODSA) Isolates From Human and Animals in Assam, India
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India, Deka Naba Kumar , Choudhury Mridusmita , Malakar Dipika , Borah Probodh , Handique Pratap Jyoti
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Detection of borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA) and modified Staphylococcus aureus (MODSA) strains with clinical significance are rare events. They have clinical, community, and livestock-associated significance. We aimed to screen these strains and evaluate the antibiogram through an array of antibiotics in Assam, a northeastern state of India. Method: S. aureus was confirmed biochemically and at the molecular level. Oxacillin and cefoxitin resistance were screened through the disc diffusion test. Hyperproduction of β-lactamase was screened using ticarcillin-clavulanic acid. PBP2a and PBP expressions were screened through mecA, mecC, and blaZ1, blaZ2 genes. MIC, MAR, MDR, XDR, and PDR were calculated. Findings: A total of 141 S. aureus isolates were screened. Altogether, 13 (9.22%) S. aureus isolates were mecA and/or mecC negative with oxacillin and/or cefoxitin resistance. Among the only oxacillin-resistant isolates, 33.33% (2/6) of the community-associated and 66.67% (2/3) of the livestock-associated isolates showed multiple drug resistance (MDR) with MAR index > 0.2. All the community-associated isolates showed resistance to oxacillin, while 83.33% showed resistance to ciprofloxacin & ticarcillin-clavulanic acid and 66.67% to fusidic acid. The livestock-associated isolates were 100% resistant to oxacillin, methicillin, and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid. All the oxacillin with cefoxitin-resistant isolates were MDR. Only one XDR was detected. One community-associated isolate was found to be BORSA, whereas the rest were MODSA. Altogether 61.54% had MAR index >0.2. Fusidic acid (0.064-0.125 µg/ml) had the lowest range of MIC, whereas trimethoprim, rifampicin, penicillin, and cefoxitin had higher ranges of MIC. Novelty: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, BORSA and MODSA from community and livestock-associated samples are not reported from this region. We assessed the antibiogram against 28 antibiotics (19 classes) and MIC against 12 antibiotics (11 classes). Reporting of MODSA strain from human community samples and livestock samples has great clinical importance from both human and veterinary perspectives.

Keywords: MODSA, MDR, XDR, MAR, MIC, BORSA
Effect of Mantra Chanting on Power Spectral Density
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Information Technology, Gauhati University, Assam, India, Bayan Tony , Deb Nabamita
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Mantra chanting a spiritual form of meditation helps to calm the human brain. Mantra chanting is a meditative practice known to influence brainwave activities that are linked to increased theta and alpha brain rhythms. This paper investigates the variations in Power Spectral Density of experienced Mantra chanting individuals and evaluates the paired t-test before and during mantra chanting. Methods: The research is inspired by existing works on how meditation affects the activities of brain waves. This paper particularly emphasizes the effect of “OM” mantra chanting on experienced subjects. 11 experienced subjects (3 to 8 years) EEG data was taken using the Emotiv Flex 32 channel noninvasive device of subjects before and during mantra chanting in the age group of 37 ± 6 years for a duration of 3 minutes. This method deviates from the traditional collection of data immediately after mantra chanting as our subjects are well experienced and have been practicing mantra chanting. We aim to study the influence on experienced subjects during mantra chanting. Statistical analysis was performed using the Welch method to calculate the oscillatory power of each band and a paired t-test was evaluated. Findings: The results demonstrate significant changes in specific EEG frequency bands, including an increase in Alpha (10%), Gamma (13%), Beta (23%), and Delta (16%) during mantra chanting, suggesting a deeper state of relaxation and focus. The result shows how mantra chanting impacts the cognitive processes and brainwave activity during meditative states. Novelty: Findings were similar to existing works on temporal dynamics. This study argues the potential effect of mantra chanting on experienced individuals. This study provides a new perspective on mantra chanting on experienced individuals.

Keywords: Mantra Chanting, Power Spectral Density, EEG, Relaxation, Meditation
Decarbonising Maritime Transport: The Role of Green Shipping Corridors in Making Sustainable Port‐City Ecosystems
Authors: Akhavan Mina
Published: February 2025

Maritime transport plays a crucial role in global trade and tourism, yet it significantly contributes to global greenhouse gas emissions, posing environmental challenges that demand urgent solutions. This article explores the innovative concept of maritime green shipping corridors, an emerging strategy aimed at decarbonising the shipping industry. By analysing the origins of green corridors from urban and transportation perspectives, the article outlines their evolution towards multimodal, zero‐emission shipping solutions. It highlights the role of international frameworks, such as the International Maritime Organization Clydebank Declaration, in facilitating the transition to green shipping routes and the proliferation of zero‐carbon fuels. The article also assesses the integration of renewable energy technologies, alternative fuels, and electrification in port operations, as well as the broader spatial and economic impacts on port‐city ecosystems. With the potential to enhance urban sustainability, promote green logistics, and drive global decarbonisation efforts, maritime green shipping corridors represent a crucial framework for future research and policy development. However, the article highlights the need for further studies to evaluate the socio‐economic and environmental impacts on local communities and regional planning.
XI Congresso Ibero-Americano de Universidades Promotoras da Saúde (RIUPS 2024) - Resumo das Comunicações – PARTE 2
Authors: Flores Paula Vanessa Peclat
Published: February 2025

O volume Resumo das Comunicações – PARTE 2 do XI Congresso Ibero-Americano de Universidades Promotoras da Saúde (RIUPS 2024), realizado nos dias 23 e 24 de outubro de 2024, reúne todos os trabalhos apresentados durante o evento. Este compêndio reflete a diversidade de pesquisas e experiências compartilhadas, abrangendo uma ampla gama de temas relacionados à promoção da saúde em contextos acadêmicos, comunitários e institucionais. Com contribuições de pesquisadores, professores, estudantes e profissionais de diferentes nacionalidades, este volume reforça o compromisso coletivo com a construção de ambientes mais saudáveis e sustentáveis.
ENVIRONMENTAL DIPLOMACY AS A MODERN MECHANISM OF REGULATION OF ECOPOLITICS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, SOKHATIUK Larysa
Published: February 2025

The question of the importance of the development of the environmental policy of an individual country and the world in the modern international arena is extremely urgent. The top leaders of the countries are looking for mechanisms and tools to ensure a high level of environmental protection and to overcome its negative consequences. Based on this fact, the possibility of interstate cooperation, exchange of experience and mutual support on environmental issues opens up. That is, a modern mechanism for regulating ecopolitics is emerging – environmental diplomacy.
Analyzing the current state of Ukraine and already existing examples of ecological disasters caused by aggression on the part of Russia, our state needs the support of international partners to overcome their consequences and further restore the natural background.

Results. The concept of "environmental diplomacy" should be understood as a system of goals and measures designed to resolve critical
moments related to environmental protection and prevent their recurrence through the cooperation of various countries of the world and international organizations. Currently, Ukraine actively participates in international "green" initiatives, in particular, signed an agreement on cooperation within the framework of the European environmental program LIFE and participation in the European Green Course. Also, within the
framework of partnership with foreign countries, the Environmental Agreement for Ukraine was developed and concluded. It is worth noting that the importance of environmental protection is also highlighted in President Zelenskyi's Peace Formula.

Conclusions . It was determined that environmental diplomacy as a modern mechanism of ecopolitics is focused not only on ensuring a decent level of the "green" sphere of the country, but also has a significant impact on the social and economic component and the development of international cooperation. Ukraine faces the need to be involved in the processes of environmental diplomacy and transition from planning to practical implementation of measures to improve the domestic environmental background.
Dynamic assessment of blood inflammation markers in patients during the rehabilitation period after surgical treatment for external genital endometriosis
Authors: Baigalmaa B. , Bitsadze V. O. , Efanov A. Е. , Voynovskiy A. Е.
Published: February 2025

Background. Providing rehabilitation care to women with external genital endometriosis (EGE) after surgical treatment requires an interdisciplinary approach to selecting patient management strategy and biomarkers for objective monitoring of health status.

Objective: to determine the feasibility of using inflammatory biomarkers in women undergoing rehabilitation after EGE surgical treatment to assess the quality of care.

Material and methods. The study included 40 EGE patients (main group), 40 patients with other gynecological pathologies (comparison group), and 40 nearly healthy women (control group). All participants with gynecological pathologies underwent surgical treatment with subsequent rehabilitation. The severity of the inflammatory process was assessed using the following inflammation biomarkers: serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The dynamics of changes in biomarker levels were measured before surgery, 1 week and 3 months after it.

Results. The assessment of inflammatory biomarker serum concentrations indicated the presence of inflammatory processes in patients of both the main and comparison groups. However, the levels of IL-6, TNF-a, CitH3 and NLR among EGE patients were statistically significantly higher compared to similar parameters in women with other gynecological pathologies. One week after surgery, the main group showed a significant increase in concentrations of IL-6, CitH3 and NLR and a decrease in TNF-a levels compared to baseline values. Three months after surgery, a significant reduction in the severity of the inflammatory process in the main group was observed compared to the values obtained 1 week after surgery. In several cases, the levels of inflammatory biomarkers were statistically significantly lower than baseline values. Notably, the serum concentration of CitH3 decreased to levels observed in nearly healthy women.

Conclusion. An inflammatory process was recorded in EGE patients, which can be corrected through surgical intervention. Using serum concentrations of CitH3 as a marker for assessing the quality of surgical treatment for EGE and managing patients during the rehabilitation phase was proved to be viable.
Psychological rehabilitation: cognitive behavioral therapy
Authors: Solokhina T. A. , Lyadnova E. M.
Published: February 2025

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is considered to be a highly effective and evidence-based psychotherapeutic method aimed at modifying irrational thoughts and dysfunctional behaviors. The present paper explores the theoretical foundations of CBT, its core strategies, including cognitive restructuring and behavioral activation, as well as its advantages within the framework of psychological rehabilitation. The application of CBT for rehabilitation of patients with various conditions, such as post-COVID syndrome, oncological diseases, postpartum depression, and cardiovascular disorders is analyzed. Special attention is given to the integration of digital technologies to enhance the accessibility of the therapy, including online programs and interactive modules. The role of CBT as the “gold standard” for modern psychotherapy is justified, demonstrating its high efficacy in restoring the quality of life and psycho-emotional well-being of patients.