bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic analysis of oleic acid content in the oils of maize sugary-2 mutants
Authors: Tymchuk D. S. , Potapenko G. S. , Tymchuk N. F. , Muzhylko V. V.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Genetic analysis of oleate content in the carriers of maize mutation su2. Methods. Experiments were performed on a series of unrelated inbreeds – carriers of mutation su2 which were hybridized by the diallel and top – cross crossings. The analysis of the fatty acid composition of oil were carried out using a modified gas-chromatographic Peyskare method. Results. It was found, that su2 mutants were notable as having the increased content of oleate compared to the maize of usual type and this trait has a quantitative nature. The inbreeds – carriers of su2 mutation were significantly differed in the the effects of combining abilities for the oleate content. The inheritance of oleate was carried out by the type of incomplete dominance with the prevailing contribution of additive effects to the variance. Conclusions. In the sixth maize chromosome it is very likely that there is a spatial linkage of the su2 and oleate- encoding locus, the effect of which can be modified by the polygenic complex. Keywords: Zea mays L., mutation su2, oleic acid, genetic analysis.
The role of allelic and nonallelic interactions of genes in the mechanism of heterosis
Authors: Hablak S. G. , Abdullaeva Ya. A. , Ryabovol L. O. , Ryabovol Ya. S.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Studying the heterosis effect from the point of view of allelic and nonallelic gene interaction in F1 hybrids from crossing the arabidopsis ecotypes Col-0 and La-0. Methods. Hybridological method of crossing mutant lines and analysis of the inheritance of the signs of the root system. Results. When plants of different races Col-0 and La-0 cross in the F2 generation, polymeric interaction of genes occurs. In that case splitting in F2 goes in the ratio 15: 1. At the same time, hybrids of the first generation exhibit heterosis, which is manifested in a more powerful development of a rosette of leaves in comparison with the initial forms. Conclusions. The emergence of heterosis in hybrids of the first generation can be explained on the basis of the allelic and nonallelic gene interaction, which creates a favorable combination of genes during hybridization, causing the best manifestation of an economically valuable trait.

Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., heterosis, gene, mutation, race.
Features of the chromosomal apparatus in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis with concomitant multifactorial pathology
Authors: Bagatska N. V. , Nefidova V. E. , Medzianovska O. V.
Published: November 2019

Aim. To determine the level of chromosomal disorders in peripheral blood lymphocytes of children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis with concomitant multifactorial pathology in vitrо. Methods. Cytogenetic analysis was carried out in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis with concomitant multifactorial pathology in vitro, using a common methodology. Statistical analysis of the results of research was carried out using Excel software package and SPSS Statistics 17.0. Results. Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes were revealed in 100 % of patients. The general level of chromosomal abnormalities in the patients with concomitant pathology was 5.57 per 100 cells, and in the comparison group – 4.10 per 100 cells. In both groups aberrations of chromatid type prevailed. Conclusions. In patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, accompanied by different multifactorial disorders, spontaneous level of chromosomal abnormalities in blood lymphocytes in vitro was 1.4 times higher compared to the level of chromosomal aberrations in patients without concomitant pathology. The frequency of chromatid type aberrations was higher than the chromosome type aberrations rate in 1.6 times in the main group and in 2.2 times in the comparison group.

Keywords: juvenile idiopathic arthritis, children, adolescents, chromosomes, aberrations, concomitant multifactorial pathology.
Telomere lengths in women with early reproductive losses
Authors: Huleyuk N. I. , Zastavna D. V. , Tyrka M.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Study of the relative telomere lengths in women with a history of early reproductive losses. Methods. Relative Telomere Length (RTL) was studied in the peripheral blood lymphocytes using a real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results. RTL was studied in 281 women, among which 169 - with early reproductive losses (ERL) (surveyed group) and 112 - have healthy children and no reproductive losses in history (control group). For women under the age of 35, the average RTL value is significantly higher than that of older women, P = 0.003597. In women with ERL, RTL is significantly lower than that of women with a preserved reproductive function, P = 0.0000001. The value of RTL is significantly lower in women with ERL under 35 years compared with control, P = 0.0000001, and is similar to value of RTL in women in the control group at the age of 36, P> 0.05. Conclusions. The telomere lengths is significantly lower in both older women and women with ERL. The similarity of RTLvalue in women with ERL up to 35 years of age and in women with a preserved reproductive function at the age of 36 years testifies to the telomeric theory of reproductive aging. Keywords: telomeres, RT-PCR, women, age, early reproductive loss.
Phenotypic symptoms of the connective tissue dysplasia in children with the cardiovascular system pathology
Authors: Demenkova I. G.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The aim of the study is to reveal the descriptive small developmental abnormalities (SDA) in children with cardiovascular pathology. Methods. By means of the scheme, designed at the Department of Clinical Genetics and Ultrasound Diagnostics of Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, and the classification, developed by Merks H.M. with co-authors, the phenotype characteristic features were established in 99 patients with the cardiovascular system pathology. Results. The overwhelming number of the examined patients has more than 6 SDA (81.5%). The average level of stigmatization (7-10 SDA) has been determined in 52.5% of patients with cardiovascular pathology. Most of the SDA are concentrated in the craniofacial area (56.5%). No reliable differences have been observed in the number and location of the SDA after dividing the children in dependence with the clinical diagnosis and the results of the Ruffie test. The entire spectrum of the revealed SDA refers to the signs of the connective tissue dysplasia. Conclusions. The high level of SDA, which are typical for the connective tissue dysplasia, may testify to the congenital or acquired defects in the collagen biosynthesis, and, as the consequence, to the disorders in the function of the connective tissue in our patients. Keywords: small developmental abnormalities, children, cardiovascular pathology.
Stem cells and genetics of development
Authors: Lukash L. L.
Published: November 2019

Such issues of developmental genetics as preformism and epigenesis, potential totipotency of somatic cells of an organism, the role of stem cells (SCs) in differentiation, tissue formation and regeneration, homeotic genes that control these processes were reviewed. Signal regulatory systems (Wnt-signaling and others) take part in the realization of potential ability of stem and differentiated cells of an organism to reversible transmission paths or reprogramming from one stations to the others. The universal properties of the SCs (the ability to the selfrenewing by divisions, differentiation, transdifferentiation, etc.) were formed on the basis of homologous genes of the simple organisms in the course of a prolonged evolution of living forms. Structural, functional and regulatory systems of the simple and complex eukaryotic organisms have much in common, and, probably, their individual elements might be interchangeable. The implementation of these functions is based on the use of common signal regulatory systems which control the universal functions of the cell. A specific example of the regulation of myogenic differentiation during embryogenesis and tissue regeneration is considered.

Keywords: developmental genetics, preformism, epigenesis, somatic cell totipotency, stem cells (SC), differentiation, reprogramming, embryogenesis, regeneration, homeotic genes, myogenesis.
Genetic and epigenetic alterations of VHL gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Onyshchenko K. V. , Grygorenko V. M. , Pereta L. V. , Serbai Yu. R. , Voitsitskyi T. V. , Skrypkina I. Ya.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) – cancerous neoplasms of the genitourinary system representing about 3% of human malignant tumors. For malignancy degree indexing and tumor typing, shape of cell nucleus is widely used. However, genetic changes, in particular inactivation of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene can serve as indicators of RCC progression. Thus, the purpose of our study was establishing the methylation status and loss of heterozygosity of the VHL gene as a potential and applicable clinical marker of kidney tumors. Methods. Determination of allelic imbalance in VHL gene expression was performed by PCR of STR-markers with subsequent fragments separation in 8% PAAG and by capillary gel electrophoresis of fluorescent-labeled PCR fragments. Methyl-specific PCR was used for epigenetic variability of VHL gene promoter. To detect statistically significant differences between tumor specimens and adjacent kidney tissues, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U-criterion were applied. Results. In 57% of the tumor samples for the marker D3S1038 and 48% for the D3S1317 loss of heterozygosity of the VHL gene was detected. Polymorphic information content for these loci was 84% for D3S1038 and 90% for D3S1317. The VHL promoter hypermethylation was 77%. Conclusions. The obtained results indicate that VHL gene can be reviewed as a candidate for not only diagnostic, but also prognostic application in RCC cancer.

Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma, epigenetic changes, methylation, loss of heterozygosity, VHL.
Analysis of hsa-miR-30a-5p and hsa-miR-200c-3p microRNA expression in brain tumor
Authors: Skrypkina I. Ya. , Onyshchenko K. V. , Gerasymchuk D. О. , Anopriyenko O. V. , Areshkov P. O.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Despite scientific and clinical success, glioblastoma remains the most aggressive tumor of the brain with extremely low prognostic potential for the patient. Biomarkers determining prognosis, and hence a treatment strategy, remains an actual problem at the moment. miRNAs can be considered as markers of glioblastoma. World’s long-term study confirm the legitimacy of miRNAs usage as reliable markers for the tumors diagnosis and prognosis, in particular brain tumors. The purpose of our study was miRNAs targeting, the change in expression of which in gliomas can be reliably associated with malignancy degree and tumor progression. Methods. To achieve the purpose of the investigation there were used such methods as bioinformatics search of the miRNAs for 3’-UTR genes associated with gliomas development, RNA isolation and miRNA-specific synthesis of cDNAs. The expression levels of miRNAs were determined by the real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The relative expression levels of targeted miRNAs were evaluated by comparing their content in tumor and adjacent tissues, conditionally healthy brain tissues of the same patients. Results. The analysis of qPCR results showed a decreased concentration of miR-30a-5p and miR-200c-3p in brain tumors relative to adjacent normal tissue in average of the 5 and 5.8 times, respectively (p <0.0001). Area under the ROC curve analysis of miR-30a-5p was AUC = 0.88528, for miR-200c-3p - AUC = 0.808. Conclusions. As an additional diagnostic and prognostic marker of glibalastoma signature determination, the expression level of hsa-miR-30a-3p and hsa-miR-200c-3p showed a good diagnostic potential (AUC = 7-9).

Keywords: glioblastoma, microRNA, hsa-miR-30a-5p, hsa-miR-200c-3p.
Interplay of host genome and tumour genome in bladder cancer
Authors: Smal M. P. , Kuzhir T. D. , Rolevich A. I. , Krasny S. A. , Goncharova R. I.
Published: November 2019

Aim. To determine the influence of the polymorphic variants of the base (OGG1 and XRCC1) and nucleotide (ERRC2/XPD and ERRC6/CSB) excision repair genes on the mutational and epigenetic status of bladder tumors. Methods. For this study, we used previously obtained data on the polymorphism of DNA repair genes in bladder cancer (BC) patients, whose tumor tissue samples were analyzed for the presence of key mutational and epigenetic changes. Results. Genotypes containing at least one minor OGG1 rs1052133 allele were significantly associated with an increased frequency of RAS family gene mutations and a reduced frequency of PIK3CA mutations. The polymorphisms of both base excision repair genes influenced the epigenetic variability of urothelial carcinomas, the modifying effect of OGG1 rs1052133 manifesting in ISL1 methylation and XRCC1 rs25487 impacting p16 or TIMP3 methylation. The minor ERRC6/CSB rs2228526 allele was associated with RAS mutations and lack of TIMP3 methylation. Likewise, carriers of the genotypes containing at least one minor ERRC2/XPD rs1799793 allele were less frequently found to have methylated RUNX3 gene in tumor tissues. Conclusions. The polymorphisms of the base (OGG1, XRCC1) and nucleotide (ERRC2/XPD, ERRC6/CSB) excision repair genes modify the mutational and epigenetic variability of a number of key BC genes. The study of the mechanisms of such interactions is necessary for understanding the molecular basis of BC pathogenesis.

Keywords: bladder cancer, OGG1, XRCC1, ERRC2/XPD, ERRC6/CSB gene polymorphism, mutation, methylation.
The study of HLA markers susceptibility to celiac disease in women with recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Terpyliak O. I. , Zastavna D. V. , Sosnina K. O.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Celiac disease (CD) is a multifactorial pathology with high genetic predisposition, and is associated with reproductive health disorders in women. The purpose of the study was to investigate the presence of HLA-DQ2.5 (HLA-DQA1 * 05:01 HLA-DQB1 * 02) and HLA-DQ8 (HLA-DQB1 *03:02) genotypes of predisposition to CD in women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Methods. PCR-SSP (polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers). Results. The increased risk of recurrent pregnancy loss in women is associated with DQ2.5 - the pre-disposition genotype for CD (c2=4.35, P<0,05). Calculation of odds ratio (OR) showed more than 4-fold increase in recurrent pregnancy loss risk in women with HLA-DQ2.5 genotype. Conclusions. The study of HLA markers of celiac disease in women with reproductive loss is important for the purpose of preconceptional prevention of recurrent pregnancy loss. Keywords: celiac disease, recurrent pregnancy loss, HLA markers.
Assessment of genetic resources of medicinal plants collection of M.M. Gryshko National Botanic Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
Authors: Dzhurenko N. I. , Palamarchuk O. P. , Koval I. V. , Chetvernya S. O.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The purpose of the work was to analyze the collection fund of medicinal plants of the Medical Botany laboratory at M.M. Gryshko National Botanic Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Methods. We used the methods of information analysis and synthesis and computer methods of information database processing. Results. The stages of collection formation, created by attracting seed and planting material from the natural flora of Ukraine and by exchange with the botanical gardens of Ukraine and the world are shown. Selection of the source material was carried out taking into account the introduction methods of genus complexes and climatic analogues. The carried out analysis of the taxonomic composition was represented by species belonging to 62 families. The collection has 388 species, including 385 flowering plants, 2 gymnosperms, 1 fern. Among them there are: 280 perennials, 52 biennials, 53 annuals. The introduced plants make up the significant percentage of the collections. Considerable attention is paid to the preservation of the collection fund valuable varieties. The rare and endangered medicinal plant species cultivated and conserving in the collection. Conclusions. The collection of the Medical Botany laboratory is a valuable gene pool of medicinal plants, including rare and endangered listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine; material is not only for scientific research, but it is also is a base of scientific and educational activities for students, post-graduate students and schoolchildren.

Keywords: genetic resources, collection fund, medicinal plants, introduced plants, rare plants.
Biochemical characteristics of soybean varieties under viral infection and different growth conditions
Authors: Моlodchenkova O. O. , Mishchenko L. T. , Kartuzova T. V. , Bezkrovnaya L. Ya. , Likhota О. B. , Lavrova G. D. , Мursakaev Е. Sh.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The aim of the work was to investigate of particularities of biochemical composition of seed and plant vegetative mass of different soybean varieties at the action of viral infection and agroclimatic conditions. Меthods. Standard and adapted methods of biochemical analysis were used for laboratory research. Isolation of glycinin and β-conglycinin was carried out using method developed in the laboratory (Pat #42181). Results. It was established that infection by Soybean mosaic virus (SKP-16 and SGP-17 isolates) causes changes in the biochemical characteristics (content of protein, main storage protein fractions (glycinin and β-conglycinin), fat, carbohydrates, isoflavones, activity of lectin, lipoxygenase, trypsin inhibitor) in the infected seeds that depend on the soybean variety, the infection degree of the plants and the conditions of cultivation. The determination of the relative moisture content, proline content, and lectin activity in the leaves of the 2 upper layers of soybean plants, which differed on the level of drought-tolerance in the phases of flowering, bob formation and filling of beans showed that contents of all studied biochemical characteristics significantly increased in the drought-tolerant soybean varieties as compared with not drought-tolerant ones in the phase of filling of beans. Conclusions. The obtained results can be used for development of the methods of soybean varieties selection with high seed quality and complex resistance (to the cultivation conditions and viral infection) and will be recommended for implementation in breeding and agricultural practices.Keywords: soybean, plant breeding, SМV, drought, biochemical characteristics.
Genetic variability of the storage protein loci in the european winter common wheat varieties licensed for growing in Ukraine
Authors: Sobko T. O. , Lisova G. M. , Sirant L. V.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate genetic variability of storage protein loci in European common winter wheat varieties licensed for growing in Ukraine in 2018 year. Methods. SDS and APAG electrophoresis were used to identify genotypes at the high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin loci Glu-1 and gliadin loci Gli-1. Results. Genotypes at the gliadin loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1 and HMW glutenin loci Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1 were identified in 48 winter common wheat varieties. A total of twenty gliadin alleles (including 10 at the Gli-A1, 4 at the Gli-B1, 6 at the Gli-D1 loci) and eleven HMW-GS alleles (including 3 at the Glu-A1, 5 at the Glu-B1, 3 at the Glu-D1 loci) were revealed. Differences in frequencies of alleles at storage protein loci were established. Conclusions. The high level of allelic variation was observed at the Gli-1 and Glu-1 loci in European common winter wheat varieties. Predominant alleles were revealed: Gli-A1о, Gli-A1а, Gli-A1f, Gli-B1f, Gli-D1b, Gli-D1d, Glu-А1c, Glu-А1a, Glu-B1с, Glu-B1d, Glu-D1d, Glu-D1a. Differences in frequencies of alleles at the storage protein loci between European and Ukrainian common winter wheat varieties were found. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., winter wheat, storage protein, alleles.
Influence of photoperiod on morphogenetic processes in near-isogenic lines in PPD genes of soft wheat
Authors: Zubrich O. I. , Avksentievа O. О.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Investigation of the effects of contrast photoperiodic conditions and the state of the Ppd genes (dominant or recessive) on growth and morphogenetic reactions in NILs of soft winter wheat Myronivska 808 and Mercia cultivars. Methods. Experiments were carried out in field and vegetation chamber conditions. NILs were cultivated in contrast photoperiodic conditions: control group plants – in the conditions of a long photoperiod of 16 hours (LD), experimental group plants – in a short photoperiod – 9 hours (SD). The stages of organogenesis, the height of apical growth cones, the number of tillers and biomass of the above-ground part of plants were determined. Results. In our studies, we found that all NILs of both cultivars respond to a photoperiod reduction as typical long-day plants, namely: they have a two-stage of organogenesis delay in development, growth processes are inhibited (growth of the apical cone, formation of tillering shoots and accumulation of plant biomass). It was shown that NILs with the genotypes Ppd-A1a and Ppd-D1a are characterized by accelerated development due to inhibition of growth processes. Conclusions. The genes responsible for controlling the development and photoperiodic sensitivity of soft wheat plants also determine the pace of development, growth and morphogenetic reactions of common wheat plants as in LD photoperiod conditions (16 hours), as well as in SD photoperiod conditions (9 hours).

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., Ppd genes, photoperiod, stages of organogenesis, shoot apex.
Plant β-tubulin phosphorylation on Ser172 as canonical suppressing factor of microtubule growth
Authors: Karpov P. A. , Blume Ya. B.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The estimation of potential role of plant β-tubulin Ser172 phosphorylation for correct function of microtubules and cell division due to selection of protein kinases, most probable associated with phosphorylation of Ser172 in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Methods. Literature and database search. Comparison of protein sequences and structures: multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic profiling, protein structure modeling, etc. Results. Comparison of Ser172 site region from all known β-tubulins from Homo sapiens, Sus scrofa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster and A. thaliana confirms its significant similarity. Joint clusterization of all Ser172 site regions (in S±10 a.a. format) reveals that plant site is most similar to Ser172±10 fragment of β-tubulin from S. cerevisiae. At the same time, sequences and catalytic domain structures of cyclin-dependent kinases 1 and YAK1-related kinases (MNB/DYRK1a/YAK1) associated with Ser172 phosphorylation, found maximal similarity in A. thaliana and S. cerevisiae. Сonclusions. The results confirm similarity of amino acid environment of Ser172 in β-tubulin isotypes in human, pig, fruit fly, yeast and arabidopsis. This suggests similar effect of β-tu­bulin phosphorylation at Ser172 for inhibition of microtubule assembly onto their protofilaments and its association with CDK1 and YAK1-related protein kinases. Similarity of Ser172 sites and associated protein kinases, allows us to expect similar effect of this modification on structure of microtubules in A. thaliana and S. cerevisiae. Keywords: β-tubulin, Ser172, phospho­rylation, CDK1, DYRK1, MNB, YAK1.
Formation of the L1Hs retroelement in the intron of the MGMT gene of hominoidea
Authors: Pidpala O. V. , Lukash L. L.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Analyze the formation of a human-specific L1Hs element in the intron 3 of the MGMT gene on an example of a hominid.  Methods. The results of the search and identification of mobile genetic elements were performed using the CENSOR program. The homology between nucleotide sequences was determined by BLAST 2.6.1. Results. The components of the cluster, where the L1Hs element in the human being was formed, are fragments of the L1PA6 element, which are common in the monkeys of the Old and New World. In the gibbon, among the L1 element groups, there are representatives of older subfamilies (L1PB, L1MC, L1MD and L1ME), and the partial homology to the L1Hs of the element is predominantly of elements of groups that have arisen in the mammalian genomes. Conclusions. Formation of a human-specific L1Hs element occurred during the evolution of Hominoidea in parallel with the formation of the cluster structure of MGE in humans from different subfamilies of LINE1-elements whose component components, obviously, also involved in the formation of the L1Hs element.

Keywords: Hominoidea, MGMT gene, intron 3, human-specific L1Hs element.
Izozyme polymorphism of alpha-amylase in soft wheat
Authors: Radchenko O. M. , Sandetska N. V. , Dykun M. O. , Sirant L. V.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Study of alpha amylase polymorphism in winter wheat varieties. Methods. Isoenzymes of alpha-amylase were detected by electrophoretic protein separation in a polyacrylamide gel. The fall number on the Falling Number 1700 was determined. Results. Strains from various collections were explored: Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, The Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine, Odesa and german strains. The polymorphism of wheat grain alpha-amylase was detected by the method of electrophoretic protein separation. We searched associations between variants of alpha-amylase and resistance to pre-harvest germination, the falling number in the examined samples was determined. Conclusions. The frequency of the prevalence of variants for isoenzymes of alpha-amylase in soft wheat varieties was estimated. It was shown that genotypes containing the variant of the isoenzymes АbC are more resistant to pre-harvest germination. Among the studied varieties of PBGI NAAS and IPPG NAS of Ukraine, the variant of alpha-amylase AbC.

Keywords: α-amylase, isoenzymes, soft wheat, electrophoresis, falling number.
Xerotolerant strain of Penicillium chrysogenum MF18_10 isolated from the damaged walls of Saint Sophia’s Cathedral, Kyiv
Authors: Lutsenko V. A. , Polishchuk L.V. , Hong J. , Fomina M.A.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The aim of this work is to determine the taxonomic position of the fungal strain MF18_10 isolated from the damaged wall with medieval painting of St. Sophia’s Cathedral (Kyiv, Ukraine). Methods. The fungus was isolated on selective medium for xerophilic fungi (70% sucrose Czapek agar). Мacro- and micro-morphological phenotypic characterization was carried out using light and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular-biological identification was performed using nucleotide sequences of the ITS-fragment. Results. On the basis of phenotypical characteristics of the fungal isolate MF18_10, it was established its affiliation to the genus Penicillium. ITS analysis revealed that the isolate belongs to the species P. chrysogenum demonstrating 100% identity with other 78 P. chrysogenum strains in GenBank database including the type strains NR_077145 and AY373902, also sharing several distinct differences in substitutions, deletions and insertions within this group. Conclusions. The isolated xerotolerant fungus was identified as P. chrysogenum, the typical representative of the indoor environments and dust, and also common for mycobiota of damaged historic-cultural artifacts. The differences in the analyzed P. chrysogenum ITS primary structures did not correlate with the source of isolation. Keywords: Penicillium chrysogenum, xero-tolerant fungi, ITS, scanning electron microscopy.
Genetic structure of the Chernivtsi local stock of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as determined by SSR-markers
Authors: Bielikova O. Yu. , Zaloilo O. , Тarasjuk S. , Mruk A. , Romanenko V.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The trend towards the development of high-tech trout farms is observed in Ukraine. The analysis of the genetic structure of rainbow trout by molecular genetic methods is necessary for breeding work. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to study polymorphism at the microsatellite loci of Oncorhynchus mykis of the chernivetsk local herd. Me-thods. The determination of the genetic polymorphism was carried out according to indicators: the effective number of alleles on the locus (ne), the observed (Но) and expected (Hе) heterozygosity, indexes of fixation (Fis) and polymorphism (PIC). Results. Specific features of the structure of the gene pool of the local herd O. mykiss by the SSR loci OMM 1032, 1077, 1088, STR 15, 60, 73 were revealed. The average value of the effective number of alleles per locus was 3.87. The high average values of the heterozygosity of the local herd and the index of fixation were fixed (mean values of H e and F is: 0.73 and -0.14, respectively). А high index of polymorphism was recorded for all used DNA markers and was 0.69. Тhe possibility to analyse the genetic structure of salmon using these SSR-markers was substantiated. Conclusions. An analysis of the genetic structure of trout (O. mykiss) was performed by using of 6 microsatellite. It was shown that the investigated local herd has a high level of heterozygosity. The conducted studies have shown the effectiveness of using selected loci for individual identification and population-genetic analysis. Keywords: Oncorhynchus mykis, SSR-markers, heterozygotes, polymorphism.
Population genetic analysis of the population of Transcarpathian region based on surname data
Authors: Gorpynchenko M. Yu. , Atramentova L. A.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The purpose of research is to analyse the populations of Transcarpathian region, finding out, as ability of surnames changes to differentiate the populations of area level as compared with regional. Methods. The base of total list of surnames of the population of Transcarpathian region is used. The way of description of genetic structure of the population offered I. Barrai. Material is analysed with use of methodical approaches developed of Е.В. Balanovskaya. Results. Population genetic ratings for area as a whole - index of isonymy (І=6,1×10-4), index of inbreeding (FST=15,2×10-5), migration index (v=12,8×10-4), rate of names diversity (a=16,4×102), index of entropy (H=12,8) and redundancy of surnames (R=36,7), as well as for thirteen areas of Transcarpathian region are designed. Conclusions. Index isonymy, inbreeding and migration in a few times above in the populations of area level, than regional, the rating of diversity in area populations has more low values, than in regional population.

Keywords: quasigenetic markers, population, isonymy, inbreeding, migration.
Crow’s index in ethnic and social groups of urban population
Authors: Kozak N. O. , Atramentova L. A.
Published: November 2019

Aim. According to the data characterizing reproductive behavior of women, assess an impact of ethnicity and level of education on the intensity of selection in the urbanized multinational population of Kharkiv city. Methods. Data from obstetric history of 532 post-reproductive age women was studied. Results. For indicators of the number of pregnancies with favorable and unfavorable outcomes, universally valid statistical indicators were calculated. Crow’s indexes were calculated as indicators of the intensity of selection. The total selection index for Ukrainians living in Kharkiv equal 0.26, for Russians it is 0.32, and for the group formed from representatives of rare nationalities this index is 0.75. In a group of women with secondary education total selection index is 0.26, in a group with highest education it is 0.35. Conclusions. Ethnicity and level of education of women affects reproductive behavior and determine number of pregnancies and their outcomes. Selection indexes differ in ethnic groups and in groups with different levels of education.

Keywords: reproductive characteristics, Kharkiv population, Crow's index, selection, nationality, education.
Karyological and cytogenetic research of the conifers of boreal zone by classic and new methods
Authors: Muratova E. N. , Sedel’nikova T. S. , Pimenov A. V. , Goryachkina O. V.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Establishing of karyological features and conducting of cytogenetic analysis on conifer plants for biological diversity studies, solving of problems of taxonomics, evolutionary and population genetics. Methods. Classic methods with acetohematoxylin staining of slides and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Results. More than 150 populations and provenances of representatives of different conifer genera from the Pinaceae and Cupressaceae families were studied. The studies were carried out in natural populations and during the introduction, in optimal and extreme conditions, in disturbed ecosystems, botanical gardens and parks; in addition, various intraspecific forms have been studied. The variability of chromosome numbers and a wide range of chromosomal mutations have been revealed. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the 45S and 5S ribosomal RNA gene probes and DAPI staining allows to identify of homologous chromosome pairs in the karyotypes of conifers and to facilitate the comparative karyotype analysis of these species. Conclusions. The studies of chromosomes in species of the Pinaceae and Cupressaceae families showed a karyotypic diversity and chromosomal anomalies in extreme conditions and under introduction. The use of molecular cytogenetic markers made it possible to obtain new information on the structure of conifer chromosomes.

Keywords: chromosomes, nucleolar loci, chromosome mutations, Pinaceae, Cupressaceae.
Selection index in Drosophila melanogaster Meig. progeny after exposure to acute γ-irradiation
Authors: Skorobagatko D. O. , Strashnyuk V. Yu. , Mazilov A. A.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The purpose of investigation was to study the intensity of selection in two generations of Drosophila melanogaster Meig. after acute g-irradiation. Methods. Experiments were conducted on a wild-type Oregon-R strain. Adult flies in the age of 3 days were irradiated with bremsstrahlung gamma quanta at doses of 8 Gy, 16 Gy and 25 Gy on a linear accelerator of electrons LAE-10. Irradiated (O) and non-irradiated (K) flies were crossed in four different combinations: K×K (control), O×K, K×O, and O×O. The selection index were calculated from the Crow formula based on fertility, mortality/survival in pre-productive period of development. Results. Selection indexes in the generation F1 after irradiation grow in proportion to the dose received: at embryonal stage 2.0–7.2 times, at post-embryonic development – in 1.3–7.6 times. In the generation F2, the indexes of selection were significantly reduced. Conclusions. The selection pressure is substantially increased in the first generation after g-irradiation and weakens, approaching the control level and lower in F2. Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster Meig., fertility, embryonic mortality, pupae mortality, ionizing radiation.
Sequencing of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1α) gene in aphids of the Belarussian fauna
Authors: Varabyova M. M. , Voronova N. V.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) and elongation factor 1-alpha gene (EF1α) are frequently used for a correct species diagnostics of aphids forms that are correct diagnosis of the species, studying of species genetic structure, assessment of intraspecies and interspecies genetic polymorphism assessment and construction of phylogenetic systems. Methods. Aphids samples were collected in Belarus. Genetic sequences of COI and EF1α genes were sequenced using primes LCO and EF3. Results. Sequences of COI and EF1α genes of 18 aphid species of Belarussian fauna including 6 aphid species of COI gene (Aphis fabae mordvilkoi Börn. & Janisch,, Aphis pomi Deg., Aphis spiraecola Patch, Colopha compressa Koch, Panaphis juglandis (Gz.) и Uroleucon hypochoeridis (F.)) and 15 species of EF1α gene (Anoecia corni (Fabr.), Aphis euphorbiae Kalt., C. compressa, Drepanosiphum platanoidis (Schr.), Gyphina jacutensis Mordv., Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffr.), Longicaudus trirhodus (Walk.), Monaphis antennata (Kalt.), P. juglandis, Periphyllus aceris (L.), Schizolachmus pineti (F.), Sipha maydis Pass., Therioaphis tenera Aiz., Trichosiphonaphis corticis (Aiz.), U. hypochoeridis) were obtained. Conclusions. COI gene and EF1α gene sequences were decoded and deposited to GenBank.

Keywords: aphids, COI, EF1α, nucleotide sequence, GenBank, BOLD.
Identification of agent of leaf spot desease of lupine based on the the syringomicin gene (syrD)
Authors: Dankevych L. A.
Published: November 2019

Aim. The detection of the phytotoxin syringomycin's secretion genes of (syrD) has been performed for the purpose of correct species and pathovar identification of isolated and collection strains of the agent of lupine's brown spottiness. Methods. It has been used microbiological and molecular genetic (PCR) methods. Results. The presence of phytotoxin syringomycin's secretion (syrD) genes in collection and isolated strains of the agent of lupine's brown spottiness and the typical strain Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae UCM B-1027Т has been established. It has been shown that the amount of PCR product produced by collection strains "Pseudomonas lupini" varies and correlates with their pathogenic properties. Conclusions. Based on the results of the previous investigation and presented in this paper, the reclassification of the species "Pseudomonas lupini" finished and the strains previously belonging to this species were attributed to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. Keywords: identification, syringomycin's secretion genes (syrD), agent of lupine's brown spottiness.
Interactions of invadopodia scaffold protein TKS4 with intersectin family proteins
Authors: Kropyvko S. V. , Gryaznova T. A. , Rynditch A. V.
Published: November 2019

Aim. TKS4 is one of the key proteins of invadopodies, specialized membrane structures that provide invasiveness and metastatic potential of malignant cells. This protein is a substrate for the tyrosine kinase SRC, which is involved in the formation of the membrane bends, affects cellular production of active forms of oxygen, interacts with membrane metallоproteinases causing degradation of the extracellular matrix, but its role in invasive structures has not yet been fully understood. Further study of molecular components of invadopodies and their specific interactions provides better understanding of mechanisms of cellular invasion. Methods. Protein-protein interactions were identified by in vitro precipitation of protein complexes using GST-fused proteins and co-immunoprecipitation. Results. Adapter proteins ITSN1 and ITSN2 are new partners of TKS4. Interactions between intersectins and TKS4 are mediated by the SH3A, SH3C and SH3E domains of ITSN1 or ITSN2. TKS4 phosphorylation on tyrosine residues does not affect interactions between TKS4 and intersectins. Conclusions. In this study, we have showed that TKS4 interacts with endocytic adaptor proteins of the intersectin family, ITSN1 and ITSN2. We have also demonstrated that TKS4 and ITSN1 can form a complex in invasive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.

Keywords: TKS4, ITSN1, ITSN2, protein-protein interactions.
On the nature of non-protein receptors from the conceptual point of view. Paradigm for abscisic acid
Authors: Kurchii B. A.
Published: November 2019

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a biologically active substance that takes part in the various biochemical and physiological processes in the plants. There is currently limited knowledge about how these biochemical and physiological processes are triggered and regulated by ABA. Dozens of receptors have been described for ABA signaling but there is no any information why does ABA have so many receptors and how they act at the molecular levels. In this connection I would like to stress that not all cell proteins conjugated with ABA necessarily can be represented as hormone-receptors complexes. In this paper I proposed that physiological processes in plants are performed at molecular level by elementary chemical reactions (redox reactions) that trigger the cascade of subsequent reactions and that can be caused by various chemical and physical factors. Gene keys (fragments of polynucleotides, non-protein receptors) and gene locks (start fragment of genes) are also described.

Keywords: abscisic acid, free radicals, receptors, gene keys, gene locks.
β-glucosidase PYK 10 gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. seedlings under clinorotation and X-radiation
Authors: Romanchuk S. M.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Among plants used in spaceflight experiments, species of family Brassicaceae are considered as the most resistant to radiation exposure. It is supposed that ER-bodies, which are derivative of granular endoplasmic reticulum and selectively accumulate an enzyme β-glucosidase, may be responsible for this resistance. We firstly investigated expression of β-glucosidase PYK10 gene in A. thaliana seedlings under slow horizontal clinorotation and Х-radiation of doses 0.5 Gy, 1 Gy, 2 Gy, 4 Gy, 6 Gy, 8 Gy, 10 Gy, and 12 Gy. Methods. Seedlings were grown on agar nutrient medium. PYK 10 expression was determined using a method of real-time PCR. Results. Significant enhancement of PYK 10 expression and increasing a number of ER-bodies in A. thaliana seedlings under the influence of clinorotation and X-radiation in comparison with control was established. An increase in the number of ER-bodies was due to PYK 10 high expression and β-glucosidase synthesis without a rise of enzyme activity under clinorotation, while β-glucosidase activity increased under X-radiation. Plant responses to X-radiation became adaptive during 10 days after radiation, in which β-glucosidase plays a crucial role. Conclusions. Increased PYK 10 expression in A. thaliana seedlings under clinorotation and X-radiation is a part of the internal program of plant protection against the action of environmental factors. ER-bodies containing β-glucosidase may be one of the main components of the plant protection system from the influence of clinorotation and X-radiation.

Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., ER-bodies, β-glucosidase, gene expression, clinorotation, Х-radiation.
Efficiency of spring barley haploid production in anther culture in vitro: comparison of basic and improved technologies
Authors: Bilinska O. V. , Dulnyev P. G.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Evaluation of innovative methodological approaches elaborated on model genotypes for usability to increase frequencies of morphogenic structure induction and plant regeneration in anther culture in vitro in spring barley diverse material. Methods. Spikes isolated from F1 and F2 hybrids of four crosses were pretreated using an improved method (4ºC, 28 days), and anthers were inoculated onto nutrient media containing chemically modified starches D5-M and D5a-1 instead of agar. In control cut tillers were emerged in water and pretreated at 4ºC for 5 days. Anthers were cultivated on agar solidified medium. Results. Positive effects of the improved method of cold pretreatment and cultivation of anthers on media solidified with starches were confirmed. The advantage of new gelling agent D5a-1 was proved. Particularly, its usage resulted in a three-fold increase in the frequency of green plant regeneration. Conclusions. In order to increase spring barley androgenic haploid yield, combination of prolonged cold pretreatment with anther cultivation on media solidified with chemically modified starches instead of agar in an integrated technological process is reasonable.

Keywords: Hordeum vulgare L., anther culture in vitro, cold pretreatment, starch, agar, embryo formation, plant regeneration.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of potato with human lactoferrin gene
Authors: Buziashvili A. Yu. , Yemets A. I.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Obtaining of the new Ukrainian potato cultivars with complex resistance to phytopathogens. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of potato cultivars Vernisage and Zarevo with human lactoferrin gene possessing antimicrobial activity was carried out. For transformation, supervirulent A. tumefaciens strain EHA 105 with hLf gene and gene for the resistance to kanamycine was used. Selection was carried out for 3 months on MSK-S1 and MSK-S2 media supplemented with 100 mg/l kanamycine. Integration of lactoferrin gene in transgenic plant lines was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction with specific for hLf gene primers. Results. After selection, potato lines with the resistance to kanamycine were obtained. The transgenic potato lines with integrated into their genomes hLf gene were obtained. Integration of lactoferrin gene was confirmed for 1 line of Zarevo cultivar and 3 lines of Vernisage cultivar. Transformation frequency was of 6.8% for cv. Vernisage and 6.25% for cv. Zarevo. Conclusions. Selected potato lines would be used in further studies on their resistance to bacterial and fungal pathogens.

Keywords: human lactoferrin gene hLf, Solanum tuberosum, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, transgenic plants.
Genetic constructs creation using Golden Gate cloning method
Authors: Varchenko O. I. , Krasyuk B. M. , Fedchunov A. A. , Zimina O. V. , Parii M. F. , Symonenko Yu. V.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Creation of genetic constructions to study the effects of various regulatory elements, namely promoters, on the expression of GFP reporter protein. Methods. For creation genetic constructs, the method of molecular cloning Golden Gate was used, which allows the rapid creation of genetic vectors using IIS type restriction enzymes and T4 DNA liga-ses. Results. For research six different promoters were selected, namely the 35S CaMV (Cauliflower Mosaic Virus), double 35S CaMV promoter, promoters of the RbcS2B and RbcS1B genes encoding a small subunit of ribulozobisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCo) isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.; promoters of genes encoding chlorophyll a-b binding proteins (LHB1B1 and LHB1B2) also isolated from A. thaliana (L.) Heynh. All transcription units additionally contained the following elements: the 5'-untranslated region Ω sequence (5’UTR Ω) from the tobacco mosaic virus TMV (Tobacco Mosaic Virus); the coding sequence of the gene gfp (Green Fluorescent Protein) isolated from A. victoria and the 35S Terminator CaMV with the polyadenylation signal and the 3'-untranslated region sequence. As a result, six genetic constructs with different regulatory elements, namely promoters, have been created. Conclusions. To study the effects of various regulatory elements, namely promoters, on the expression of a GFP repor-ter protein in transient or stable genetic transformation of plants the created genetic constructs can be used.Keywords: cloning, genetic constructs, promoters, Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP).