bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Biofilm, Virulence Genes, and Risk Factors in Urinary Catheter-Associated Escherichia coli Infections
Authors: Hamdy Mohamed Eman , El Sayed Zaki Maysaa , Abdelsalam Ramadan Mostafa , Mohsen Motawea Mohamed , F Badr Dina , Gomaa Ahmed El Sayed Ahmed , Esam Ahmed Hamed Mai
Published: May 2024

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are prevalent among intensive care unit (ICU) patients and pose significant health risks. The causative agent, Escherichia coli, is commonly associated with these infections. Objectives: The primary objective of our study was to evaluate various risk factors associated with CAUTIs. Additionally, we investigated the capacity of E. coli to form biofilms and the presence of virulence genes in these infections. Methods: We conducted a prospective study involving 204 patients admitted to ICUs with indwelling urinary catheters who subsequently developed CAUTIs. The isolated pathogen in all cases was E. coli. We subjected the isolated E. coli strains to microbiological analyses, including biofilm formation assays and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting virulence genes (pap-C, fim-H, sfa, afa, hylA, and cnf1). Results: Our findings revealed that 111 out of 204 isolated E. coli strains (54.4%) could form biofilms in vitro. Among the detected virulence genes, fim-H was the most frequently observed (32.4%), followed by pap-C (14.2%), sfa (12.3%), and afa1 (11.3%). The least frequently detected genes were cnf1 (3.9%) and hylA (2.5%). Notably, there was a significant association between the presence of fim-H, pap-C, afa1, and hylA genes and the ability of E. coli to form biofilms (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.04, P = 0.046, respectively). Regarding the timing of CAUTIs, most cases occurred 7 - 10 days after catheter insertion (48.53%), followed by 3 - 6 days after insertion (45.59%). The least frequent occurrence was after 10 days from catheter insertion (5.86%). Early presence of CAUTIs (within 3 - 6 days) was significantly associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and post-operative complications (both with P = 0.046). Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in the presence of the cnf1 gene in cases of early CAUTIs (3 - 6 days after catheter insertion, P = 0.001). Conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of understanding the risk factors, virulence genes, and biofilm formation capacity in E. coli-related CAUTIs. These findings may guide preventive strategies and improve patient outcomes.
Indirubin In Vitro Apoptotic Effect on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Jaafarinejad Habib , Yarmohammadi Reyhaneh , Piccin Andrea , Aghaei Afsaneh , Rostami Tahereh , Faranoush Mohammad , Hemati Maral , Dadkhah Nikroo Nikta , Sadighimoghaddam Bijan , Kokhaei Parviz
Published: May 2024

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) primarily affects the elderly, with its etiology largely unknown. It is hypothesized that hematopoietic stem cells may acquire mutations over time, such as the BCL-2 mutation, leading to disruptions in the apoptotic process. Dangui Luhui Wan, a mixture of 11 herbs used in Chinese Medicine, has shown antitumor activities across various cancer cell types. Indirubin-3'-monoxime (I3M), derived from Dangui Luhui Wan, functions as a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and can induce apoptosis in cells. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of I3M against CLL cells in vitro. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 14 patients were treated with I3M at concentrations ranging from 0.1 μM to 80 μM over periods of 24, 48, and 72 hours. The optimal dose was determined using Annexin V and MTT assays. The expression of apoptotic genes Bcl-2/Bax and CDK1/2 was assessed using real-time PCR. Results: The results indicated that a 20 µM concentration of I3M exhibited the highest cytotoxicity after 48 hours compared to controls (P = 0.005). Post-treatment, a decrease in Bcl-2 gene expression was observed, while changes in the Bax gene were not significant. However, an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 gene ratio was noted, suggesting involvement of the mitochondrial pathway in I3M's apoptotic mechanism. Notably, I3M inhibited the expression of the CDK2 gene but did not affect CDK1 gene expression. Conclusions: I3M appears to exert anti-tumor effects by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the CDK2 gene. Further research is required to elucidate the precise mechanism of action of I3M in CLL and potentially other tumor cell lines.
Feminismo(s) y narrativa(s). De cuerpos, sangre y glitter
Authors: Hernandez Correa Karen Guadalupe
Published: May 2024

This work starts from a theoretical and analytical perspective to discuss the narratives of feminism and its adjectives, its struggles, and manifestations in the public and political sphere. For this purpose, the article is divided in three parts. The first one gathers the terms feminism and gender to account for the existence of relations of domination and subordination between men and women; but also, to point out that from these categories and their concrete manifestations, analysis, criticism, and confrontation are possible. The second deals with the role of human diversity, of the different bodies and voices in the exercise of politics and its meaning, which is freedom. The third, on the other hand, points out the presence of diverse strategies for the appropriation of public sphere, rescuing that all of them have a common thread: the concern for life.
The Emergence and Evolution of Anti-Communist Legislation in Interwar Yugoslavia
Authors: Lompar Rastko ,   Zeta Books
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to outline the history of anticommunist legislation in interwar Yugoslavia and to bring to the fore its key phases. This approach is employed to re-examine the effectiveness of the introduced laws, to pinpoint their shortcomings, but also their strong points. Virtually from its creation, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) was hostile to communism. Anticommunist convictions of the ruling elites influ­enced many aspects of governance, not only internal affairs, as the outlawing of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in December 1920, but also foreign policy, as postponing the recognition of the Soviet Union to 1940. There are three distinct phases of anticommunist legislation, each clearly marked by a key anticommunist law. During the first phase (1918-1921), there were few legal instruments for combating left-wing radicalism. The second phase (1921-1929) was marked by the introduction of a highly controversial Law on the Protection of Public Security and State Order, which gave previous unprecedented powers to the prosecutors and police to crush the emerging communist movement. This legal framework was further expanded after the proclamation of the King`s dictatorship in 1929, and the overhaul of the Law, as well as the introduction of a special tribunal – The State Court for the Protection of the State.
Scapegoats or Agents of the State Dissolution?
Authors: Diac Cristina ,   Zeta Books
Published: May 2024

Romanian Prime Minister Al. Vaida-Voevod aired the “communist danger” that “threatens the constitutional order and aims to dismantle the Greater Romania” when he asked for parliamentary support for the Law on state of siege (martial law) in February 1933. This article will investigate the role of the transnational communist networks in Romania in the Grivița strikes to verify the truthfulness of the Prime Minister’s discourse. The communists’ role in the Grivița strikes is part of the general performance of these transnational networks during the Great Depression. The political strength of the Romanian extreme-left will be assessed by taking into consideration the main goals of the Comintern towards the transport sector during the Great Depression, the institutions that were supposed to achieve the goals, and their effectiveness from mid-January until mid-February 1933.
Shadows of Sentences
Authors: Sbardolini Giorgio ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: May 2024

Propositions are defined by abstraction from an equivalence relation on sentences. The equivalence is synonymy. The resulting view, Propositional Abstractionism, has roots in Frege’s work, and considerable advantages over competitors. The key to the advantages is that Propositional Abstractionism puts language first. Consequently, in metaphysics, granularity debates benefit from linguistic evidence; in logic, abstraction is a safeguard against higher-order paradoxes; in epistemology, questions of knowledge of propositions can be approached as questions about semantic competence. These benefits form a package that make Propositional Abstractionism a compelling hypothesis.
Some Features of Alexander Scriabin's Piano Style. Dedicated to A. Skryabin's 150th anniversary
Authors: Manvelyan Anahit
Published: May 2024

Alexander Scriabin is one of the greatest representatives of the musical culture of the late 19th and early 20h centuries. As a daring innovator, he created an original sound universe with an inimitable system of images and expressions. Scriabin was influenced by various idealistic philosophical and aesthetic concepts of his time. The contradictions of Russia's complex pre-revolutionary era are reflected in his music's bright contrasts, with rebellious impulses and discretion, sensual sighs, and imperative exclamations.
Scriabin's piano sonatas reflect all stages in the evolution of his work. They, as well as his symphonic works, reveal one of the most important tendencies in his music - the hidden, disguised program. These are programmatic works with no literary or artistic basis (in some cases, the commentaries were added after the music was completed). As is known, programmatic content is not necessarily tied to the title of the work. It can be implicit, conditional, symbolic, abstract, or subjective. Indeed, the philosophical-idealistic programs of Scriabin's sonatas are remarkably relevant, and the music of the sonatas is still perceived by listeners and continues to retain its powerful influence. A. Scriabin left an indelible mark on world music culture. His work had a significant impact on the development of twentieth-century piano and symphonic music.
Sertraline-Induced Stuttering in an Adolescent with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Öztürk Masum
Published: May 2024

There is also evidence that stuttering is caused by an adverse reaction to various medications. Antiepileptic drugs, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and methylphenidate have all been linked to drug-induced stuttering. The patient was 13 years old (male) and was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and mild mental retardation. The patient had language development and was able to form sentences of 4-5 words. Atomoxetine 50 mg/day and aripiprazole 15 mg/day treatment was used. Sertraline 50 mg/day treatment was initiated because of repeated questioning, order-symmetry compulsions and repetitive behaviors. Approximately one month after the initiation of sertraline treatment, the patient came for a follow-up visit and it was found that the compulsions of the patient had decreased, but one week after sertraline treatment, it was learned that the patient started to have word blocks, prolongation of words and repetitions during speech. No pathology was found in the examination, hemogram and biochemistry tests, brain MRI and EEG tests. After sertraline treatment was discontinued, the stuttering of the patient gradually decreased and improved within 2 weeks. Both serotonergic and dopaminergic effects of sertraline as well as autism spectrum disorder (white matter anomalies) are thought to contribute to sertraline-induced stuttering.
Marital Satisfaction, Social Support and Coping Strategies Among Couple Having Miscarriage
Authors: Rashida Kousar  , Muhammad Luqman Khan  , Noor Alam
Published: May 2024

Miscarriage is a challenging and emotionally distressing experience for couples, often affecting various aspects of their lives, including marital satisfaction, social support, and coping strategies. This study aims to explore the interplay between these factors to better understand the dynamics within couples facing the aftermath of miscarriage. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 200 couples who had recently experienced a miscarriage. Participants were recruited through hospitals, support groups, and online platforms. Each couple completed a set of structured questionnaires, including the Comprehensive Marital Satisfaction Scale (CMSS) to assess marital satisfaction, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) to measure perceived social support, and the Brief COPE inventory to identify coping strategies. Findings revealed a significant negative correlation between miscarriage and marital satisfaction (r = -0.45, p < 0.001). Couples reported lower scores on the marital satisfaction scale, indicating decreased satisfaction within their relationships. Perceived social support played a crucial role, with higher support levels associated with better marital satisfaction (r = 0.32, p < 0.001). Coping strategies varied among couples, with active coping, acceptance, and positive re framing positively correlated with marital satisfaction, while avoidant coping strategies showed a negative association. Results indicated that the relationship between coping strategies and marital satisfaction was mediated by perceived social support, and this mediation effect was moderated by the intensity of the miscarriage experience. The findings underscore the importance of addressing these factors in clinical interventions and support services for couples dealing with pregnancy loss.
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The Relationship Between The Mother’s Role In Dental Care And The Status Of Oral Hygiene In Children In Peuniti Village, Banda Aceh City
Authors:   Graduate School Of Mathematics And Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia, Reca Reca , Sofyan Hizir ,   Department Of Statistics, Faculty Of Mathematics And Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia, Andriany Poppy ,   Department Of Dental Public Health, Faculty Of Dentistry Universitas Syiah Kuala;, Marthoenis Marthoenis ,   Department Of Psychiatry And Mental Health Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The mother’s role is crucial in shaping a child’s behavior, providing guidance, understanding, reminders, and facilitation in maintaining oral hygiene. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the mother’s role in dental care and the status of oral hygiene in children in Peuniti Village, Banda Aceh Materials & Methods: This research adopted an analytical approach with a cross-sectional design. The research sample consisted of 40 children aged 3-12 years and their mothers as respondents, selected using cluster sampling method from those who had resided in Peuniti village for at least one year. The research instruments included questionnaires, diagnostic sets, the PHP-M index, disclosing agents, and patient status cards (KSP). Results: The study was conducted in January 2024, and statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software with a chi-square test (α=0.05). The results indicated a significant relationship between the mother’s role as an educator (p=0.018), motivator (p=0.016), and facilitator (p=0.015) in dental care and the status of oral hygiene in children in Peuniti Village, Banda Aceh City Conclusion: there is a correlation between the mother’s role as an educator, motivator, and facilitator in dental care and the status of oral hygiene in children in Peuniti Village, Banda Aceh City.
Groundwater potential model using statistics and hybrid machine learning approaches
Authors:   , Nguyen Ngoc
Published: May 2024

The present study was conducted to delineate the groundwater potential in Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand based on groundwater yield, groundwater contamination risk, and groundwater quality. In this study, an ensemble model was created by combining Analytical Hierarchy Process, Frequency Ratio, and Random Forest to evaluate the spatial distribution map of the groundwater resources. Additionally, a new hybrid approach was developed based on maximum entropy and analytical hierarchy process to delineate the Ni contamination risk in groundwater. Finally, four machine-learning models, including Random Forest - Cross validation, Random Forest – Bootstrap, Artificial Neural Network - Cross validation, and Artificial Neural Network - Bootstrap were used to decipher groundwater quality.  The results indicated that the ensemble model was better than individual models in delineating groundwater yield potential. Poor and moderate potential with groundwater yield > 10 m3/h was distributed mainly in the western Kanchanaburi, while the eastern regions showed high groundwater yield potential (bao nhiêu m3/h). In terms of contamination risk, the hybrid model between maximum entropy and analytical hierarchy process gave a high performance with an Area Under Curve of 0.86 and Accuracy of 0.85. The map of Ni contamination risk in groundwater showed that approximately 24.79% of the eastern Kanchanaburi (1691.82 km2) was a very low contamination risk of Ni, whereas the zone with high Ni contamination risk accounted for around 6.56% (447.65 km2). Moderate contamination risk zone of Ni occupied 68.65% of the eastern region. In the groundwater quality assessment, Random Forest - Cross validation was the best in deciphering the groundwater quality map, compared to the Random Forest – Bootstrap, the Artificial Neural Network - Cross validation, and the Artificial Neural Network – Bootstrap models. According to the best model (Random Forest - Cross validation), around 64.78% and 29.39% of the eastern Kanchanaburi were good and very good groundwater quality while only 0.58% and 0.08% were poor and very poor groundwater quality, respectively. Meantime, 5.17% was designated to be moderate groundwater quality. In conclusion, groundwater agencies can release policies on groundwater management. It can be done by publicizing the list of restricted areas from the exploitation of groundwater, orienting in reasonable groundwater exploitation, and usage with different purposes.
การปรับปรุงการเพาะเลี้ยงจุลสาหร่าย Chlorococcum ด้วยน้ำจากระบบเลี้ยงสัตว์น้ำในถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพเชิงแสงแบบอากาศยก
Authors:   , เปล่งสกุล จรีลักษ์
Published: May 2024

งานวิจัยนี้มุ่งเน้นเพื่อปรับปรุงการเพาะเลี้ยงจุลสาหร่าย Chlorococcum humicola ในถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพแบบใช้แสง โดยแบ่งการศึกษาออกเป็น 2 ส่วนหลัก คือ (1) การควบคุมการเกิดไบโอฟิล์มของจุลสาหร่าย C. humicola บนผนังของถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพแบบใช้แสงและ (2) ความเป็นไปได้ของการใช้น้ำจากถังบำบัดไนตริฟิเคชันเพื่อเป็นสารอาหารแก่จุลสาหร่าย C. humicola และเพื่อลดต้นทุนการดำเนินงาน 

การควบคุมการเกิดไบโอฟิล์มของจุลสาหร่ายวิธีแรกใช้การเติมวัสดุแขวนลอยพลาสติกเพื่อเพิ่มการเสียดสีระหว่างวัสดุแขวนลอยและผนังของถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพเชิงแสง ผลการทดลองพบว่าวัสดุแขวนลอยพลาสติก MB5 และ Bead มีความเหมาะสมต่อการใช้งานร่วมกับถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพแบบใช้แสงชนิดอากาศยก โดยปริมาณที่ใช้อยู่ที่ 5% ของปริมาตรของเหลวในถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพแบบใช้แสง และควบคุมอัตราการไหลของอากาศเข้าสู่ถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพแบบใช้แสงที่ 0.8 วีวีเอ็ม ผลการเพาะเลี้ยงโดยใช้วัสดุแขวนลอยพลาสติกให้น้ำหนักแห้งสูงสุดของจุลสาหร่ายมากกว่าการเพาะเลี้ยงที่ไม่เติมวัสดุพลาสติกแขวนลอยประมาณ 21% - 25%  วิธีที่สองในการควบคุมการเกิดฟิล์มชีวภาพของจุลสาหร่ายคือการเติมสารลดแรงตึงผิวลงในอาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อ ผลการทดลองพบว่าการเติมสารลดแรงตึงผิว SDS ลงในอาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อให้มีความเข้มข้น 0.0082 มิลลิโมลาร์ สามารถควบคุมการเกิดไบโอฟิล์มของจุลสาหร่าย C. humicola ได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ ทั้งการเพาะเลี้ยงในถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพแบบใช้แสงชนิดถังกวนและชนิดอากาศยกซึ่งทำจากอะคริลิกและแก้ว และมีขนาด 2 ลิตร และ 60 ลิตร โดยการเติม SDS ในระหว่างการเพาะเลี้ยงจุลสาหร่ายให้น้ำหนักแห้งสูงสุดมากกว่าการเพาะเลี้ยงที่ไม่เติม SDS ประมาณ 68% - 158 % ในถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพแบบใช้แสงที่ทำจากอะคริลิก และ 28% - 43% ในถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพแบบใช้แสงที่ทำจากแก้ว

การวิจัยส่วนถัดไปศึกษาความเป็นไปได้ของการใช้น้ำจากถังบำบัดไนตริฟิเคชันเพื่อเป็นสารอาหารแก่จุลสาหร่าย C. humicola  น้ำจากถังบําบัดไนตริฟิเคชันจากระบบเพาะเลี้ยงสัตว์น้ำแบบปิดที่ผ่านการเตรียมน้ำขั้นต้นด้วยการกรองโดยใช้ผ้ากรองไนลอนสามารถนำมาใช้เพาะเลี้ยงจุลสาหร่าย C. humicola ในถังปฏิกรณ์ชีวภาพแบบใช้แสงชนิดอากาศยกที่เติมวัสดุแขวนลอยพลาสติก MB5 ได้นานถึง 24 วัน แม้ว่าผลผลิตจุลสาหร่ายที่ได้รับจะต่ำกว่าการเพาะเลี้ยงด้วยอาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อสูตร BG-11 อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ แต่พบว่าอยู่ในระดับที่ใกล้เคียงกับผลจากงานวิจัยก่อนหน้านี้ ผลการทดลองที่ได้รับสามารถยืนยันความเป็นไปได้ของการนำน้ำทิ้งจากระบบเพาะเลี้ยงสัตว์น้ำมาเพิ่มมูลค่าผ่านกระบวนการผลิตชีวมวลจุลสาหร่าย สามารถลดการปล่อยสารอาหารไนโตรเจนและฟอสฟอรัสออกสู่สิ่งแวดล้อม และลดค่าใช้จ่ายได้ถึง 527.50 บาท ต่อกิโลกรัมของจุลสาหร่าย เมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับการใช้อาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อสูตร BG-11 ผลผลิตน้ำหนักแห้งจุลสาหร่าย ในการทดลองนี้พบว่าประสิทธิภาพการบำบัดไนเตรทและฟอสเฟตเฉลี่ยเมื่อเพาะเลี้ยงจุลสาหร่ายแบบกึ่งต่อเนื่องเป็นเวลา 24 วัน มีค่าเท่ากับ 82.8% และ 89.1% ตามลำดับ ผลลัพธ์จากงานนี้แสดงให้เห็นอย่างชัดเจนว่าการนําของเสียจากการผลิตสัตว์น้ำกลับมาใช้ประโยชน์สามารถเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพในแง่มุมการใช้ทรัพยากรอย่างคุ้มค่าผ่านกระบวนการผลิตชีวมวลจุลสาหร่าย C. humicola ช่วยเพิ่มมูลค่าแก่ระบบเพาะเลี้ยงสัตว์น้ำของเกษตรกร ลดมลพิษจากการปล่อยน้ำเสียที่มีไนเตรทและฟอสเฟตลงสู่แหล่งน้ำธรรมชาติ และส่งเสริมแนวคิดการเพาะเลี้ยงสัตว์น้ำที่มีความยั่งยืน
Headteacher's Leadership Styles and Organizational Commitment of Teachers in Primary Schools in Bitooma Sub-County, Bushenyi District
Authors:   Department of Education Management and Administration, Kampala International University, Uganda, Batondaine Apollo , Muhamadu Tukur ,   Department of Education Science, Kampala International University, Uganda, Wilson Kamami ,   Department of Education Foundations, Kampala International University, Uganda, Amwine Hassan ,   Department of Library Science, Kampala International University, Uganda, Monica Twesiime ,   Department of Business Administration, Kampala International University, Uganda, Esther Eze Chidinma ,   Department of Education Foundations, Kampala International University, Uganda, Eze Val Hyginus Udoka ,   Department of Publication and Extension, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the relationship between leadership styles and teacher commitment in primary schools within Bitooma Sub-County. Utilizing a sample size of 107 teachers and 8 headteachers, data was collected through interviews and questionnaires. Results indicate a strong positive correlation between transformational leadership and teacher commitment, while transactional leadership shows a moderate positive correlation. Conversely, laissez-faire leadership demonstrates a negative correlation with teacher commitment. Regression analysis confirms the significant impact of transformational leadership on teacher commitment, highlighting the importance of leadership style in fostering teacher dedication and retention. Keywords: Leadership Styles, Teacher Commitment, Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Laissez-faire Leadership.
Sustainable Agriculture Education Programs in Uganda: Successes, Challenges, and Impact
Authors:   Department of Education, Kampala International University Uganda, Ekpe Ujo James
Published: May 2024

This review explores the necessity and effectiveness of sustainable agriculture education programs in Uganda, focusing on integrated, experiential learning approaches. It highlights the Agro-ecology Summer Residency Program initiated by Sustainable Agriculture in Uganda (SAI) and other educational initiatives aimed at village farmers. The study examines the benefits of these programs in terms of improved crop yields, environmental conservation, and economic empowerment. Challenges in implementing such programs, including limited access to resources and lack of awareness, are discussed alongside collaborative approaches for success. The impact of sustainable agriculture education on rural communities is assessed, emphasizing enhanced food security, increased income generation, and improved livelihoods. Keywords: Sustainable agriculture, education, village farmers and economic empowerment
Defilement and the Ugandan Criminal Justice System
Authors:   School of Law Kampala International University, Uganda, Dan Kato
Published: May 2024

Defilement stands out from the obstacles suffered by the Uganda's children. Defilement, a sexual offence, that involves having canal knowledge with a kid under the age of majority, regardless of sex, poses a societal hazard and hindrance. Despite the provisions of the criminal law in Uganda, official statistics on defilement continue to be climbing yearly. This anomaly has taken many legislators aback and made them confused on how to approach it. This confusion necessitated the present study that thoroughly examined defilement and the Ugandan criminal justice system. The study secondarily sourced its data from textbooks, policy briefs, newspaper publications, journal articles, technological blogs, court decisions and statutory provisions. The study recommends constant awareness on defilement risks to be raised by the government. This is because lack of legal awareness makes destruction of evidence by the victims who rush to bathe after being defiled. In certain cases, the victim shields the abuser from police. Additionally, there should be enhancing record keeping to help victims prove defilement components like age. Due to lack of birth certificates for some children, which makes it hard to determine the victim's age, the need for medical personnel to be informed of defilement cases so they can assist in prosecution, and the need to train law enforcement agents on how to handle defilement cases, record keeping should be improved. More so, there need for increase in the number of remand homes for child offenders. This is crucial given Uganda's high child-to-child sex rate. Child perpetrators need remand centres, and more remand houses should be established to accommodate the vulnerable state of defiled victims. Keywords: Child perpetrators, Criminal justice system, Defilement, Offenders, Remand centres.
A Critical Assessment of the Effectiveness of Law of Intestate Succession in Masaka District of Uganda
Authors:   School of Law Kampala International University, Uganda, Yvonne Nassanga
Published: May 2024

This study critically assessed the law of intestate succession in Masaka district of Uganda, with the aim of inspiring Ugandan authorities to create a special legal structure to govern the law of intestate succession. The study secondarily sourced its data from textbooks, journals, online blogs and statutory books. At the end, calls for the law to specify the maximum number of executors for a given portion of the deceased's assets. Additionally, the legislative revision should empower the High Court to replace an incompetent executor with an administrator. Retraction of a probate renunciation for particular circumstances should be considered in the legislative amendment. The legislation should be amended to allow rapid remedy if a beneficiary or other interested party proves the grantee breached duty, was fraudulent, or inefficient in estate management. The legislative modification should shield the estate from distribution before letters of administration and probate. Amendments to the statute should expand the avenues for grant revocation, such as application by an interested party and Administrator General Intervention. The government and civil society should develop initiatives to strengthen the administrative system for managing the estates of deceased individuals. Finally, law penalties should be modified to reflect contemporary socio-economic situations and reflect a punitive posture. Keywords: Assessment, Intestate, Succession law, Testate, Will.
Tate Teaser Tuesday – Taphonomy of the Titans!
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: May 2024

Here’s something I’m going to be yapping about in my keynote talk, “The sauropod heresies: evolutionary ratchets, the taphonomic event horizon, and all the evidence we cannot see”, at the 2024 Tate Geological Museum’s Annual Summer Conference (link): how the fossil record of sauropods is probably wildly at variance with standing populations in life, at least in terms of sizes and maturity of the individuals that got fossilized.
Polizei und Taser
Authors: Ruch Andreas
Published: May 2024

Immer mehr Landesgesetzgeber führen den Taser als weiteres polizeiliches Einsatzmittel neben Pfefferspray, Schlagstock und Schusswaffe ein. Dabei ist die fortschreitende Ausrüstung aus einer Reihe von Gründen, die im Diskurs oft zu kurz kommen, abzulehnen. So birgt der Beschuss einer Person mit einem Elektroimpulsgerät praktisch nur schwer zu kontrollierende gesundheitliche Risiken und endet in der Praxis immer wieder tödlich. Außerdem ist zu befürchten, dass Beamte die Geräte künftig extensiv nutzen und sich damit eine Form erheblicher polizeilicher Gewaltanwendung schleichend normalisiert – nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil deren Einsatz in den meisten Ländern bislang nicht eigens geregelt ist.
Unusual Legal Appeals for Grievances Against Shari'a Judicial Rulings as Practiced by Jordanian Shari'a Courts
Authors: Aljawarneh Osamah
Published: May 2024

This research sheds light on a legal-judicial-Shari'a issue as practiced by the Jordanian Shari'a courts. It is about the issue of legal appeals in judicial rulings according to the Jordanian Shari'a Litigation Principles Law No. 31 and its amendments until 2016. This was done by following the inductive and applied analytical methodologies. The study includes two topics and branches. First, it defines the rulings and decisions, their types, and clarifies the importance of judicial jurisprudence and the extent of its obligation to the parties. It also introduces the nature and reality of appealing against judicial rulings, showing the legitimacy of appealing against a judicial ruling, the jurisprudential basis for appealing a judicial ruling. The study also points out unusual appeals in Jordanian Shari'a law, which are third-party objections and retrials, in addition to appeals through the Supreme Shari'a Court.
Prevention of loss in Mudarabah Sukuk Philosophical: Jurisprudence Study
Authors: Al-Ajami Sawsan , Ghaith Magdy
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to clarify the major reasons for losses, prevention methods, and ways to address them by employing a descriptive-analytical approach. The paper initially discusses the concept of loss and its types, and primarily focuses on the causes of loss in Mudarabah Sukuk and ways to prevent and address them. The results of the study suggest that trading in Sukuk is a type of liquidity management and hedges against losses and disperses risks. The paper also recommends the establishment of a market for Islamic securities and the development of a legislative framework to address losses and prevent the collapse of its institutions.
The Internal Determinants of Cost Efficiency in Jordanian Islamic Banks
Authors: Sindiani Qusai , Albadreen Abdullah
Published: May 2024

The study aimed to identify the internal factors affecting cost efficiency in Jordanian Islamic banks for the period (2012-2021). The study expressed cost efficiency through the expenses-to-revenue ratio as a dependent variable. The independent variables were the return-on-assets ratio, return-on-deposits ratio, capital adequacy ratio, ownership rights-to-assets ratio, fixed capital cost ratio, labor costs, and bank size. The study used a descriptive-analytical approach, where data stationarity was tested, and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) was employed to determine the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The study found a statistically significant positive impact of the capital adequacy ratio, ownership rights-to-assets ratio, and fixed capital cost ratio. It detected a negative effect of labor costs and found no statistically significant differences in the return-on-assets ratio, return-on-deposits ratio, and bank size on cost efficiency in Jordanian Islamic banks. The study recommended working to enhance cost efficiency by improving resource distribution, enhancing technical proficiency, and refining the banks' inputs, thus increasing their competitiveness and profitability.
Jurisprudential Origins of Digital Drugs - Music - and their Legal Adaptation: A Comparative Study With Jordanian Law
Authors: Al-hajahjeh Jaber , Rababah Basema
Published: May 2024

This study aims to clarify the jurisprudential origins of digital drugs, specifically music, and compare their legal status in Jordanian Law. Digital drugs, referring to different sound files exploited to trick the brain using sound waves in a way that induces addiction, are an old phenomenon that has recently gained recognition and spread. To achieve the study purpose, the research relied heavily on an inductive method, then a deductive one, to understand how musical drugs affect the brain and highlight similarities between traditional drugs and it. Accordingly, a suitable Islamic judgment was deduced. The study resulted in several key conclusions: digital drugs or sound files used to trick the brain invoking relaxation, pleasure, and loss of consciousness, much like intoxicating substances and drugs. It was determined that the ruling of these musical drugs is forbidden in Sharia, as they act as regular traditional drugs.
Heterostructures based on g-C3N4 for the photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Alekseev R. F. , Saraev A. A. , Kurenkova A. Yu. , Kozlova E. A.
Published: May 2024

The interest of the global scientific community in the problems of CO2 utilization and returning to the carbon cycle has markedly increased in recent years. Among various CO2 transformation processes, photocatalytic reduction is one of the most promising. Currently, much attention is paid to photocatalysts based on graphitic carbon nitride, since the use of g-C3N4 makes it possible to perform CO2 reduction under visible or solar light irradiation. To increase the reduction efficiency, g-C3N4 is subjected to various modifications with the most popular and promising approach being the synthesis of composite photocatalysts based on g-C3N4 with other semiconductors to form heterostructures. Depending on the type of semiconductor, transfer of photogenerated charge carriers in these systems can occur by various mechanisms, which largely determine the course of the process and the rates of formation of reaction products. This review addresses studies on the synthesis of composite photocatalysts based on g-C3N4, with emphasis being placed on the mechanisms of charge carrier transfer and the distribution of products of CO2 reduction.
The bibliography includes 235 references.
Pengaruh Financial Distress Dan Leverage Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi Pada Perusahaan Ritel Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Saputri Mira Yulia , Nurtati Nurtati , Wahyuni EDT Risa
Published: May 2024

This research aims to see the influence of financial distress and leverage on accounting conservatism. The data source used in this research is secondary data. The type of data used is quantitative data in the form of financial reports that have been uploaded to the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2019-2022. The object of this research is retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019- 2022. So the samples taken using purposive sampling obtained a sample of 14 samples for research. The statistical method used is multiple linear regression analysis, with hypothesis testing using partial tests (t tests) and simultaneous tests (f tests). The results of research hypothesis testing show that financial distress has a negative and significant effect on accounting conservatism, leverage has a positive and significant effect on accounting conservatism, and together the financial distress and leverage variables have an effect on accounting conservatism.
Integrated Protection Mechanisms for Mitigating Microarchitectural Attacks in Cloud Computing
Authors: Albalawi Abdullah , Aldossari Marran
Published: May 2024

By utilising the multi-tenancy characteristic, cloud computing promises to reduce expenses through less spending on hardware, infrastructure, and software. Even with all of its advantages, multi-tenancy poses hazards for cloud computing. Without suitable cloud security solutions, security concerns might end up being the main factor delaying adoption. Additionally, multi-tenancy enabled by virtualisation, which is one of the key elements of a cloud, creates significant security vulnerabilities and does not provide adequate isolation between various instances running on the same physical system. The three strategies we suggest to secure shared virtualised systems against microarchitectural attacks are presented in this re- search as a comprehensive solution. This includes experiments for combining the three approaches and assessing them in potential operational contexts. The assessment techniques have used several host systems to assess the system overhead, CPU usage, and protection accuracy. The studies we have conducted on both Debian 10 and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS physical servers utilising the KVM hypervisor demonstrate that our comprehensive protection can identify attacks with about 97% accuracy, and depending on how many mechanisms were used in the various experimental scenario settings, the proportion of CPU consumption has varied significantly. The CPU usage rate in experiments with different scenarios has ranged from 27% to 68%, while the average system load over 5 minutes has ranged from 1.40 to 4.2. This shows our proposed mechanisms are subject to refinement and enhancement, especially in cases that require a high processing load. Note that if we had used servers with more computing power, the results would certainly have been better.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence Tools in Enhancing Human Resources Management Methods: An Applied Study of a Sample of Private Universities - Imam Sadiq University and Al-Qalam University
Authors: Ibrahim Roa
Published: May 2024

We specialize in searching for artificial intelligence tools combined in their three dimensions (Workday, ADP Workforce, WFM) in the field of administrative cooperation for human resources management (distinctive electronic communication method, talent management method, diverse skills development method) in Artica private universities, and the goal of the appropriate situation has been identified. The hypothetical, which was placed within scientific learning for my learning, then formulating research hypotheses and testing them using compatible statistical methods and using the statistical program (SPSS). In general, descriptive models were adopted to explain the specialized and analytical frameworks for the research movements, so that the study population consisted of employees at the two universities at the three administrative levels, and the sample size was (61) individuals from managers and directors of departments, divisions, and the three administrative units. The research reached several results, the most important of which was the existence of a significant correlation between smart tools and human resources management methods and their dimensions in the technical study community. Finally, I am completely confident in providing the basis for artificial intelligence tools for new operations through procedures for initiating cooperative operations and cooperating with optimal resources in order to advance and maintain survival and continuity, as well as methods of human resources management.
WOMEN’S HANDWRITING IN THE HISTORY OF AZERBAIJANI LITERATURE
Authors:   Baku Slavic University, Tarverdieva Sabina
Published: May 2024

The article examines the history of the development of women’s creativity in Azerbaijani literature. The stages of the historical development of women’s writing are traced against the background of general historical processes. The features of the development of socio-political life of Azerbaijan at different historical stages are especially emphasized and the influence of these processes on the development of women’s creativity in general is considered. The achievements of Azerbaijan in the East and in world civilization are listed. The work of such poets as Mehseti Ganjavi, Agabeim aga Javanshir, Khurshudbanu Natavan, Ashug Peri, Khairan Khanum is analyzed. Using specific literary samples from the works of poets, thematic and stylistic features of women’s writing are revealed. Some biographical data of poetesses that influenced the development of their creativity are also noted. The importance of the activities of Azerbaijani educators, who influenced the solution of the women’s issue and the formation of women‘s creativity, is also noted. As a result of the study, we can come to the conclusion that thanks to the activities and creativity of the above-mentioned poetesses, women‘s creativity found further development in Azerbaijani literature at further stages.
Translating call-to-action Texts in Localization from English into Bulgarian
Authors:   Sofia University ", Todorova Maria ,   St. Kliment Ohridski"
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on the translation of call-to-action (CTA) texts in localization from English into Bulgarian, providing insights into the most commonly applied translation solutions, the linguistic and extralinguistic factors that affect these solutions, as well as into matters of conventionality in the CTA text type. To provide those insights an analysis of three websites of digital platforms that belong to the same domain (air travel) and that have been localized from English into Bulgarian is performed. All CTA texts from the English homepages of these three platforms are excerpted in parallel with their equivalents from the Bulgarian versions thereof with the aim of identifying potential conventions and patterns. When any inconsistent solutions are encountered, they are analysed within their superstructural context so as to determine the potential circumstances that have led to their use. The paper contributes to the study of translation problems in localization from English into Bulgarian, outlining issues related to one of the key text types in digital media. However, further research is needed on translation problems related to other text types within the digital genres in order to build a comprehensive picture of localization-specific translation problems in the English-to-Bulgarian language pair.
Käänteiden kohtauspaikka
Authors: Lönnroth Harry , Siponkoski Nestori
Published: May 2024

This article examines the symposia organized by the University of Vaasa Research Group for Translation, LSP and Multilingualism (VAKKI) as a community of translation and interpreting researchers during 1981–2014. The main research questions are: (1) What kind of a role has translation and interpreting research had in the development of the VAKKI association spanning over 30 years, and (2) in what way are the “turns” of translation research visible in the context of VAKKI? The focus is on the VAKKI Symposium organizers’ choices of plenary speakers and symposium themes, as well as on the section articles representing the “field’s” reactions to the organizers’ choices. The material consists of 33 volumes that contain articles based on presentations given at the annual VAKKI Symposia. The material is analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by mapping the relationship between articles representing translation and interpreting research and other articles, as well as by identifying the central developments. The conclusions suggest that translation and interpreting research has had a constant role in VAKKI and that the “turns” of translation studies are visible in the material, although their onset is usually delayed.
Przez negantropologię do obywatelskiej rewolucji w lokalnościach
Authors: Krzykawski Michał
Published: May 2024

This article discusses an attempt to translate the theoretical language of Bernard Stiegler and his concept of neganthropology into practical activities carried out in the Polish reality of local governments. The text presents the concept of establishing an Inter-Territorial Institute of New Economies as a way of carrying out co-creative research in the context of energy transformation and labor automation, with a particular focus on Silesia and Zagłębie Dąbrowskie. Key-words: neganthropology, neganthropocene, Bernard Stiegler, entropy, civic revolution, political economy
Participación de las nuevas audiencias digitales para la comunicación en salud en León, Guanajuato, Méxic
Authors: Morales Téllez Aura Mónica , Romero Ugalde Maricruz
Published: May 2024

Thisstudyofdigitalcommunicationinhealth,considersthenewdigitalaudiencesaspartofitsfieldofstudy,seenfromanintegrativeunderstandingofthedifferentapproachesinwhichaudienceshavebeenstudied,throughasurveycarriedouttoagroupof674highschoolstudentsfromthecityofLeón.Guanajuato,Mexico,onhowtheydealwithhealthissuesthroughdigitalmedia.Theresultsindicatethattheyarenotpassiveandparticipateintheprocessofchoosingandinterpretingcontentinrelationtothehistoricalandculturalcontexttowhichtheybelongasactiveaudiences.Itishighlightedthattheinternetandsocialnetworksarethemainwayinwhichtheydistributetheirtime,inadditiontothefactthatentertainmentisthefundamentalreasonfortheirinterconnection,whichhascometotransformtheirwayoflifeasadigitaldeterminantofhealth.Whentheyhaveanyquestionsabouthealth,theyconsultaspecialistonawebsite,whichistheonlinewaytheyprefertoreceivehealthinformation.Theconclusionsproposetheneedforhealthcommunicationthatdesignsattractiveandentertainingstrategiestomobilizeanddisseminatemessagesthatinformandmotivatenewdigitalaudiences,makingthemparticipantsinhealthpromotionfromtheirowncreativeprocesses.
Impact Of Ict On The Reading And Writing Process In Covid-19 Times
Authors: Carrión Arreaga Elis Matilde , Peñafiel Sarcos Glenda Tatiana , Miranda Orellana Adolfo Fernando , García Vera Fanny Yanela , Humanante Carpio Martha Lorena , Valle Escobar Rosa Maria
Published: May 2024

A documentary review was conducted on the production and publication of research papers related to the study of ICT, Literacy, and Covid-19 variables. The purpose of the bibliometric analysis proposed in this paper was to know the main characteristics of the volume of publications registered in the Scopus database during the period 2020-2022, achieving the identification of 111 publications. The information provided by this platform was organized employing tables and figures categorizing the information by Year of Publication, Country of Origin, Area of Knowledge, and Type of Publication. Once these characteristics were described, a qualitative analysis was used to refer to the position of the different authors on the proposed topic. Among the main findings of this research was that Spain, with 11 publications, was the country with the highest scientific production registered in the name of authors affiliated with institutions of that nation. The area of knowledge that contributed most to the construction of bibliographic material referring to the study of the variables Entrepreneurship, Technology, and Innovation was Social Sciences with 61 published documents, and the type of publication most used during the period mentioned was Journal Articles with 67% of the total scientific production.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO VITAL DOS SENIORES NA EDUCAÇÃO NÃO FORMAL: EXPLORANDO DIVERSAS FORMAS E PERSPETIVAS
Authors: Carvalho Hugo
Published: May 2024

Este artigo examina a significativa contribuição dos seniores na educação não formal, destacando a influência positiva nas diferentes formas educacionais.Baseando-se uma revisão abrangente de autores contemporâneos, o estudo explora como os seniores influenciam o panorama educacional não formal. Ao final, aponta para áreas de investigação futuras.