bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Undirected, Selective Csp2-H Alkynylation of Five-membered Heteroarenes
Authors: Bellina Fabio , La Manna Martina , Rosadoni Elisabetta
Published: June 2021

The functionalization of a Csp2-H bond of an heteroarene with an alkyne represent
one of the most attractive procedure for the late-stage functionalization of the aromatic core,
due to the structural characteristics and synthetic versatility given by a triple carbon-carbon
bond. The aim of this review is to cover the most significant results reported in the literature
regarding the synthesis of alkynyl-substituted five-membered heteroarenes by selective direct
Csp2-H alkynylation with 1-haloalkynes and analogues, or by cross-dehydrogenative alkynylation
(CDA) with terminal alkynes, without making use of directing groups.
Clinical Phenotype and Mutation Spectrum of Alzheimer’s Disease with Causative Genetic Mutation in a Chinese Cohort
Authors: Mao Chenhui , Li Jie , Dong Liling , Huang Xinying , Lei Dan , Wang Jie , Chu Shanshan , Liu Caiyan , Peng Bin , Román Gustavo C. , Cui Liying , Gao Jing
Published: June 2021

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease with a causative genetic mutation (AD-CGM) is an uncommon
form, characterized by a heterogeneous clinical phenotype and variations in the genotype of
racial groups affected.

Objective:

We aimed to systemically describe the phenotype variance and mutation spectrum in the
large sample size of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) cohort, Beijing, China.

Methods:

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out in 1108 patients diagnosed with dementia.
A total of 40 Han Chinese patients with three AD gene mutations were enrolled. A systemic review
of all the patients was performed, including clinical history, neurocognitive assessment, brain magnetic
resonance imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers.

Results:

We studied the following gene mutation variants: 12 AβPP, 13 PSEN1, and 9 PSEN2, and 23
among them were novel. Most of them were early-onset, but PSEN1 mutation carriers had the youngest
onset age. The commonest symptoms were similar to those of AD, including an amnestic syndrome,
followed by psychiatric symptoms and movement disorder. On MRI, parietal and posterior
temporal atrophy was prominent in PSEN1 and PSEN2 mutation carriers, while AβPP mutation carriers
had more vascular changes. The CSF biomarkers profile was indistinguishable from sporadic AD.

Conclusion:

We identified a small group of AD-CGM subjects representing 3.6% among more than
1000 demented patients in the PUMCH cohort. These subjects usually presented with early-onset
dementia and exhibited significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Identification required complete
screening of genetic mutations using NGS. Although family history was usually present, we found
non-familial cases of all three genetic mutations.
Neuroprotective Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) in CNS Disorders: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights
Authors: Kulkarni Namrata Pramod , Vaidya Bhupesh , Narula Acharan S. , Sharma Shyam Sunder
Published: June 2021

Neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), stroke,
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), epilepsy, traumatic brain injury (TBI),
depression, and anxiety are responsible for thousands of deaths worldwide every year. With the increase
in life expectancy, there has been a rise in the prevalence of these disorders. Age is one of the
major risk factors for these neurological disorders, and with the aged population set to rise to 1.25 billion
by 2050, there is a growing concern to look for new therapeutic molecules to treat age-related
diseases. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a molecule obtained from a number of botanical
sources, such as the bark of conifer trees as well as propolis which is extracted from beehives. Though
CAPE remains relatively unexplored in human trials, it possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimitogenic,
and anti-cancer activities, as shown by preclinical studies. Apart from this, it also exhibits
tremendous potential for the treatment of neurological disorders through the modulation of multiple
molecular pathways and attenuation of behavioural deficits. In the present article, we have reviewed
the therapeutic potential of CAPE and its mechanisms in the treatment of neurological disorders.
Brefeldin A Induces Apoptosis, Inhibits BCR-ABL Activation, and Triggers BCRABL Degradation in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cells
Authors: Zhang Jin-Man , Wang Cui-Fang , Wei Mei-Yan , Dong Hui , Gu Yu-Cheng , Mo Xiao-Mei , Shao Chang-Lun , Liu Ming
Published: June 2021

Background:

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease caused by BCR-ABL
oncoprotein. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been developed to inhibit the activity of BCR-ABL; however, drug resistance
and side effect occur in clinic application. Therefore, it is urgent to find novel drugs for CML treatment. Under
the guidance of cytotoxic activity, crude extracts of 55 fungal strains from the medicinal mangrove Acanthus ilicifolius
were evaluated, and one potent cytotoxic natural compound, brefeldin A (BFA), was discovered from Penicillium sp.
(HS-N-29).

Objective:

This study was aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of BFA and the effect on the activation and expression
of BCR-ABL in K562 cells.

Method:

We evaluated cytotoxic activity by MTT assay and soft agar clone assay; apoptosis and cell cycle distribution
by Muse cell analyzer. The protein level of BCR-ABL and signaling molecules was detected by western blotting,
and the mRNA level of BCR-ABL was determined by RT-PCR.

Results:

BFA inhibited cell proliferation, induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, and stimulated cell apoptosis in K562 cells.
Importantly, for the first time, we revealed that BFA inhibited the activation of BCR-ABL and consequently inhibited
the activation of its downstream signaling molecules in K562 cells. Moreover, we found BFA degraded BCR-ABL
without affecting its transcription in K562 cells, and BFA-induced BCR-ABL degradation was related to caspase activation,
while not to autophagy or ubiquitinated proteasome degradation pathway.

Conclusion:

Our present results indicate that BFA acts as a dual functional inhibitor and degrader of BCR-ABL, and
BFA is a potential compound for chemotherapeutics to overcome CML.
Optimized Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles-loaded Carbon Nanotubes (Au-CNTs) as an Efficient Catalyst for p-Nitrophenol Reduction
Authors: Zulkifli Farah Wahida Ahmad , Md Jani Abdul Mutalib , Yazid Hanani
Published: June 2021

Aim:

The current work aims to enhance catalytic performance of gold nanoparticle–
carbon nanotube (Au-CNT) composites towards the reduction of p-nitrophenol.

Background:

The synthesis of Au-CNTs has received extensive attention because of their high
stability and catalytic efficiency, particularly as a heterogeneous catalyst in the reduction of pnitrophenol
(p-NP) to p-aminophenol (p-AP) However, most of the Au-CNT preparation processes
reported in the literatures are time-consuming or require expensive instrumentation. In the present
work, Au-CNT catalysts were synthesized via a straightforward, low-cost deposition–
precipitation (DP) method.

Objective:

Evaluate the effect of pH and aging time on catalytic activity of Au-CNTs catalyst.

Methods:

The Au-CNT nanocomposite catalysts were synthesized using a simple deposition–
precipitation method and characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, field emission
scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

Results:

The particle size and the loading of Au nanoparticles on the CNTs can be easily controlled
by varying the pH and aging time during the synthesis process. The nanocomposite catalysts
exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol in
the presence of excess sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The highest rate constant (k) achieved
based on the pseudo-first-order kinetic model was 1.2 × 10-3 s-1.

Conclusion:

This study offers a simple and cost-effective route to synthesize Au-CNT catalysts
with high stability and catalytic efficiency for large-scale application.
Peningkatan Service Quality of Employee dengan Servant Leadership dan Self-Efficacy di Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP)
Authors: Putri Syavina Amalia , Agustina Tri Siwi , Merida Peggy Delita , Eliyana Anis
Published: June 2021

Konsep mengenai servant leadership telah disebut sebagai salah satu bentuk pendekatan kepemimpinan yang berkomitmen untuk memberdayakan kemampuan serta kebutuhan karyawan. Saat ini konsep kepemimpinan tersebut telah menyita perhatian sebagian besar peneliti dalam hal semakin banyaknya pelanggaran moral dan penyimpangan manajemen di tempat kerja. Penelitian mengenai hal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang bagaimana pengaruh langsung servant leadership dan self-efficacy terhadap service quality karyawan serta efek moderasi servant leadership terhadap dua variabel, yaitu self-efficacy of service quality of employee dan service quality of employee. Peneliti menggunakan model analisis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) secara metodologis dengan alat uji analisis statistik AMOSGrapchics. Ada dua studi dalam penelitian ini. Data pada studi pertama dan kedua diperoleh dari pendistribusian kuesioner online pada Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP). Responden yang valid tersedia sebanyak 222 ASN dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian menghasilkan beberapa pengujian yang berkaitan (1) servant leadership berpengaruh signifikan terhadap service quality karyawan ASN di KKP, (2) self-efficacy berpengaruh signifikan terhadap service quality karyawan, dan (3) servant leadership dapat memoderasi secara signifikan antara self-efficacy dengan service quality pegawai ASN di KKP.
Penerapan Sistem Pelayanan Aplikasi Pendaftaran Online di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta
Authors: Septian Esa
Published: June 2021

Pada umumnya antrian pendaftaran rawat jalan rumah sakit mengalami permasalahan waktu tunggu antrian yang lama dan berbelit-belit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana penerapan sistem pelayanan pendaftaran online di RSUP Dr. Sardjito dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan sistem pelayanan aplikasi pendaftaran online di RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian desktiptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penerapan sistem pelayanan aplikasi pendaftaran online di RSUP Dr. Sardjito cukup berjalan dengan optimal. Dilihat dari aspek sederhana, transparansi dan keadilan yang optimal, tetapi aspek partisipasi, akuntabel dan berkelanjutan belum optimal. Kesederhanaan aplikasi pendaftaran online menjadi mudah dan cepat, sehingga dapat mengurangi antrian diloket pendaftaran manual. Transparansi pada keterbukaan informasi telah dilakukan melalui media sosial, website, aplikasi maupun petugas. Keadilan ditinjau dari kemampuan pasien yang berbeda-beda dari segi kemampuan menggunakan aplikasi dan kemampuan secara finansial. Sedangkan partisipasi dalam menyampaikan informasi penggunaan aplikasi secara langsung dan spanduk informasi masih sedikit serta belum memuat informasi secara detail. Akuntabel aplikasi pendaftaran online menunjukan kinerja petugas mengalami hambatan dalam memberikan feedback verifikasi berkas pasien. Berkelanjutan, terkait sistem antrian di pelayanan poliklinik belum terdapat nomor antrian. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan aplikasi pendaftaran online, yaitu faktor komitmen RSUP Dr. Sardjito terhadap kebijakan, penggunaan aplikasi, dan sarana dan prasarana.
Realitas Perkembangan Investasi Asing Langsung di Indonesia Tahun 2019
Authors: Mahadiansar Mahadiansar , Setiawan Ramadhani , Darmawan Eki , Kurnianingsih Fitri
Published: June 2021

Keberadaan investasi asing langsung di Indonesia sangat memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap kemajuan sebuah negara berkembang untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini berfokus pada kondisi yang terjadi pada investasi asing langsung di Indonesia pada tahun 2019 dengan berbagai macam problematika yang ada. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi kepustakaan dengan kajian literatur dari berbagai data sekunder yang dianalisis secara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlu adanya badan independen yang mengontrol atau mengawasi jalannya investasi asing langsung khususnya di kawasan yang memiliki potensi untuk berinvestasi, alternatif yang sangat kuat dalam tulisan ini perlu melibatkan pemerintah daerah dalam kawasan ekonomi khusus (KEK) agar investasi asing langsung bisa dirasakan di kawasan yang berpotensi bisa diberdayakan baik pemanfaatan sumber daya alam maupun sumber daya manusia.
CemGEMS – an easy-to-use web application for thermodynamic modeling of cementitious materials
Authors: Kulik Dmitrii A. , Winnefeld Frank , Kulik Anton , Miron George Dan , Lothenbach Barbara
Published: June 2021

Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations for cementitious materials enable predictions of stable phases and solution composition. In the last two decades, thermodynamic modelling has been increasingly used to understand the impact of factors such as cement composition, hydration, leaching, or temperature on the phases and properties of a hydrated cementitious system. General thermodynamic modelling codes such as GEM-Selektor have versatile but complex user interfaces requiring a considerable learning and training time. Hence there is a need for a dedicated tool, easy to learn and to use, with little to no maintenance efforts. CemGEMS (https://cemgems.app) is a free-to-use web app developed to meet this need, i.e. to assist cement chemists, students and industrial engineers in easily performing and visualizing thermodynamic simulations of hydration of cementitious materials at temperatures 0-99 °C and pressures 1-100 bar. At the server side, CemGEMS runs the GEMS code (https://gems.web.psi.ch) using the PSI/Nagra and Cemdata18 chemical thermodynamic data-bases (https://www.empa.ch/cemdata).

The present paper summarizes the concepts of CemGEMS and its template data, highlights unique features of value for cement chemists that are not available in other tools, presents several calculated examples related to hydration and durability of cementitious materials, and compares the results with thermodynamic modelling using the desktop GEM-Selektor code.
KONSEP MODIFIKASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN DAYA MESIN SEPEDA MOTOR
Authors: Pambayun Nirmala Adhi Yoga , Sukoco Sukoco , Suyanto Wardan , Sudarwanto Sudarwanto
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk, (1) Mengetahui peningkatan daya mesin sepeda motor 4 langkah dengan sistem bahan bakar karburator setelah dimodifikasi, (a) volume mesin (cc); (b) perbandingan kompresi mesin; (c) mekanikal katup; (d) sistem pemasukan (intake); (e) sistem pembuangan (exhaust); (2) Mengetahui emisi gas buang mesin setelah dimodifikasi apakah masih masuk dalam ambang batas emisi yang ditetapkan pemerintah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian research and development. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mesin sepeda motor 4 langkah dengan sistem bahan bakar karburator. Alat yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah dynotest dan exhaust gas analyzer. Data hasil pengujian dianalisis dengan statistik diskriptif berupa rata-rata dan persentase (%) serta regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, (1) Daya mesin meningkat sebesar 151 % dari 5,8 HP/6063 rpm menjadi 14,6 HP/10.171 rpm; (2) Emisi gas buang mesin setelah modifikasi masih masuk dalam ambang batas emisi yang ditetapkan pemerintah yakni HC 815 ppm dan CO 3.306 % dengan ambang batas HC  2400 ppm dan CO 5.5 %.Kata Kunci: Modifikasi, Daya, Emisi
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PEMBELAJARAN SEKOLAH SUB T-TEP TOYOTA (TOYOTA-TECHNICAL EDUCATION PROGRAM) DI SMK NEGERI 2 PENGASIH
Authors: Arif Dwi Ahmad , Sofyan Herminarto
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengetahui implementasi program Sekolah Sub T-TEP Toyota di SMK Negeri 2 Pengasih; (2) mengetahui efektivitas program pembelajaran Sekolah Sub T-TEP Toyota di SMK Negeri 2 Pengasih ditinjau dari hasil pembelajaran siswa; (3) mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mendukung dan menghambat dalam kerjasama program Sekolah Sub T-TEP Toyota di SMK Negeri 2 Pengasih. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pemilihan subjek penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan angket tertutup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) implementasi program kemitraan antara SMK Negeri 2 Pengasih dengan PT. Toyota Astra Motor diketahui telah berjalan dan terlaksana. Keempat aspek program yaitu implementasi kurikulum, pelatihan guru, kerjasama industri dalam pelaksanaan praktik kerja industri siswa, dan kerjasama donasi alat dan peralatan diketahui sudah terlaksana. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 15 indikator program dalam kategori sesuai, 3 indikator dalam kategori sangat sesuai dan 2 indikator kurang sesuai; (2) program pembelajaran Sekolah Sub T-TEP Toyota diketahui belum berhasil dan efektif, dikarenakan persentase ketuntasan belajar kelas XII TKR 1 dan 2 hanya sebesar 48,39% dan 25,00%; (3) faktor pendukung dalam pelaksanaan program yaitu adanya dukungan dari pemerintah, komitmen, antusiasme, sarana dan prasarana sekolah yang memadai serta kualitas SDM siswa yang bagus, sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah pemahaman serta keterampilan guru yang belum 100% menguasai teknologi Toyota, keterbatasan dalam transfer teknologi serta keterbatasan biaya.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SMK MUHAMMADIYAH 1 MERTOYUDAN
Authors: Prasetyo Yongki Agus
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to find the implementation of improved character education (PPK) at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Mertoyudan. The indicator in this research include planning, carrying out, and evaluating a PPK Program at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Mertoyudan. This research is a case study with a quantitative descriptive method approach. The study shows the implementation of improved character education in SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Mertoyudan a good category with a 76,26% amount of application. The results include some indicator of a 79,97% PPK plan, 77,41% implementation of PPK, and 71,59% evaluation. In the process of planning the PPK program involves all the school equipment. For performance of the PPK through the learning process, extracurricular activities, and the school’s example of this it. The high point of attachment in the PPK on learners of 76,54% in both categories. The PPK evaluation process whole school kit took part and follow up corrected some of the missing components.
MEMBERIKAN KENYAMANAN KONSUMEN SAAT DUDUK DI KABIN PENUMPANG PADA MOBIL TOYOTA RUSH 2009 DENGAN FITUR FOOT STAND JUGA SEBAGAI PELENGKAP DARI FITUR WHIPLASH INJURY LESSENING (WIL) CONCEPT SEAT
Authors: Nur Kholis Agit Sakti
Published: June 2021

There are several cars with SUV type designs from the manufacturer with only 4 passenger seats with luggage, for example, one of them is the Toyota Rush 2009 and there are also those that have been designed for 7 passengers, such as the Isuzu MU-X and Daihatsu Terios. In this case it was found that several owners of SUVs with only 4 passengers, one of which was the Toyota Rush. Where the owner forced to modify the Toyota Rush from 4 passengers to 7 passengers. However, the increase in the number of seats can cause inconvenience for vehicle passengers in the rear row. Therefore, this article aims to design a foot stand on the Toyota Rush which is modified into 7 seats so that it can improve passenger comfort. The design process is carried out through the construction analysis, design, and simulation stages. The results show that the addition of a foot stand can increase comfort for passengers who sit in the back row because it has wider and more loose leg room.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) DI SMK NEGERI 1 MAGELANG
Authors: Putra Praditya Carolus Ryan , Haryana Kir
Published: June 2021

This research aims to determine the increase in learning outcomes in the subject of Automotive Basic Technology class X Department of Automotive Engineering SMK Negeri 1 Magelang 2018/2019 Academic Year using the application of cooperative learning models Think Pair Share  (TPS) type. This research is a class action research. Data collection techniques used in this study used observation and tests. The steps undertaken in this study were begun with observations to find out the students' initial abilities in the material used, then implemented a Think Pair Share  (TPS) type of cooperative learning model with a continuous learning cycle, and ended with a posttest at each end of learning. The results showed that the application of learning using the Cooperative learning model Think Pair Share  (TPS) type can improve student learning outcomes in automotive basic technology subjects in class X OC SMK Negeri 1 Magelang. On observation, the average value of 55, in the first cycle the average student learning outcomes of 83, then in the second cycle the average student learning outcomes of 90, thus the average test in the first cycle increased by 28 points or by 56 , 6% compared to observations, the average test in cycle II increased by 7 points or 8.4% compared to the test in cycle I.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN RECIPROCAL TEACHING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR TEKNOLOGI DASAR OTOMOTIF PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X TKRO 2 SMK MUHAMMADIYAH 1 BANTUL
Authors: Prasetyo Dimas Ari
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Teknologi Dasar Otomotif peserta didik kelas X TKRO 2 SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Bantul melalui implementasi model pembelajaran Reciprocal Teaching. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dan dilaksanakan selama dua siklus yang masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 2 kali pertemuan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 14 Januari 2020 sampai dengan 4 Februari 2020 di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Bantul. Subyek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X TKRO 2 SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Bantul semester genap tahun ajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 32 peserta didik. Pengambilan data menggunakan lembar observasi untuk mengamati pelaksanaan model pembelajaran Reciprocal Teaching dan tes evaluasi hasil belajar untuk mengetahui hasil belajar peserta didik. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dikatakan berhasil apabila persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik sebesar 75% (kategori baik) yaitu nilai hasil belajar minimal 78. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi model pembelajaran Reciprocal Teaching pada proses pembelajaran mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar Teknologi Dasar Otomotif peserta didik kelas X TKRO 2 SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Bantul. Hal ini terbukti pada siklus I persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik sebesar 55,17% (kategori kurang) pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 82,76% (kategori sangat baik).
Implementing Vertical Federated Learning Using Autoencoders: Practical Application, Generalizability, and Utility Study
Authors: Cha Dongchul , Sung MinDong , Park Yu-Rang
Published: June 2021

Background

Machine learning (ML) is now widely deployed in our everyday lives. Building robust ML models requires a massive amount of data for training. Traditional ML algorithms require training data centralization, which raises privacy and data governance issues. Federated learning (FL) is an approach to overcome this issue. We focused on applying FL on vertically partitioned data, in which an individual’s record is scattered among different sites.

Objective

The aim of this study was to perform FL on vertically partitioned data to achieve performance comparable to that of centralized models without exposing the raw data.

Methods

We used three different datasets (Adult income, Schwannoma, and eICU datasets) and vertically divided each dataset into different pieces. Following the vertical division of data, overcomplete autoencoder-based model training was performed for each site. Following training, each site’s data were transformed into latent data, which were aggregated for training. A tabular neural network model with categorical embedding was used for training. A centrally based model was used as a baseline model, which was compared to that of FL in terms of accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).

Results

The autoencoder-based network successfully transformed the original data into latent representations with no domain knowledge applied. These altered data were different from the original data in terms of the feature space and data distributions, indicating appropriate data security. The loss of performance was minimal when using an overcomplete autoencoder; accuracy loss was 1.2%, 8.89%, and 1.23%, and AUROC loss was 1.1%, 0%, and 1.12% in the Adult income, Schwannoma, and eICU dataset, respectively.

Conclusions

We proposed an autoencoder-based ML model for vertically incomplete data. Since our model is based on unsupervised learning, no domain-specific knowledge is required in individual sites. Under the circumstances where direct data sharing is not available, our approach may be a practical solution enabling both data protection and building a robust model.
The Effect of Periodontal Disease on Metabolic Control in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus in South Africa: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Jeftha Anthea , Roberts Tina , Kimmie-Dhansay Faheema
Published: June 2021

Background

The increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications is burdensome to the South African health system. Understanding the role of comorbid diseases, such as periodontal disease (PD), and their effect on metabolic control in patients with DM in South Africa will raise awareness about the importance of periodontal interventions among patients with DM in South Africa.

Objective

The review will aim to determine the effect of PD on the metabolic control of T2DM in a South African population.

Methods

A systematic review of the relationship between PD and metabolic control in patients with T2DM in a South African population will be conducted. Cohort, cross-sectional, and case-controlled studies will be considered in which the outcome of interest is diabetic control. A search will be done in the following sources: EBSCOhost (academic search complete; dentistry and oral sciences), PubMed, ScienceDirect, and the South African National ETD Portal for articles published in English. There will be no limit placed on the date of the publication. The reference list of articles will be reviewed for further inclusion of critical articles. Two independent reviewers (AJ and FK-D) will do study selection, data extraction, and quality analysis. All disputes will be resolved by discussion, and the entire team will verify final decisions.

Results

The systematic review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). A preliminary search was conducted using the keywords ((perio*) AND (diabet*)) AND (“South Africa”). The review process should be completed by December 2021.

Conclusions

The review will determine the effect of PD on metabolic control in patients with T2DM in South Africa. The outcome would inform health policy to highlight the need to include periodontal care into treatment protocols in patients with T2DM. In this process, the feasibility for future research in this area of interest will also be defined.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020221064; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=221064

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/27471
A Wake-up Call for Burnout in Portuguese Physicians During the COVID-19 Outbreak: National Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ferreira Sónia , Sousa Mafalda Machado , Moreira Pedro Silva , Sousa Nuno , Picó-Pérez Maria , Morgado Pedro
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 outbreak has imposed physical and psychological pressure on health care professionals, including frontline physicians. Hence, evaluating the mental health status of physicians during the current pandemic is important to define future preventive guidelines among health care stakeholders.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we intended to study alterations in the mental health status of Portuguese physicians working at the frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic and potential sociodemographic factors influencing their mental health status.

METHODS

A nationwide survey was conducted during May 4-25, 2020, to infer differences in mental health status (depression, anxiety, stress, and obsessive compulsive symptoms) between Portuguese physicians working at the frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic and other nonfrontline physicians. A representative sample of 420 participants stratified by age, sex, and the geographic region was analyzed (200 frontline and 220 nonfrontline participants). Moreover, we explored the influence of several sociodemographic factors on mental health variables including age, sex, living conditions, and household composition.

RESULTS

Our results show that being female (β=1.1; t=2.5; P=.01) and working at the frontline (β=1.4; t=2.9; P=.004) are potential risk factors for stress. In contrast, having a house with green space was a potentially beneficial factor for stress (β=–1.5; t=–2.5; P=.01) and anxiety (β=–1.1; t=–2.4; P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

It is important to apply protective mental health measures for physicians to avoid the long-term effects of stress, such as burnout.
Design and Implementation of an Informatics Infrastructure for Standardized Data Acquisition, Transfer, Storage, and Export in Psychiatric Clinical Routine: Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Blitz Rogério , Storck Michael , Baune Bernhard T , Dugas Martin , Opel Nils
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Empirically driven personalized diagnostic applications and treatment stratification is widely perceived as a major hallmark in psychiatry. However, databased personalized decision making requires standardized data acquisition and data access, which are currently absent in psychiatric clinical routine.

OBJECTIVE

Here, we describe the informatics infrastructure implemented at the psychiatric Münster University Hospital, which allows standardized acquisition, transfer, storage, and export of clinical data for future real-time predictive modelling in psychiatric routine.

METHODS

We designed and implemented a technical architecture that includes an extension of the electronic health record (EHR) via scalable standardized data collection and data transfer between EHRs and research databases, thus allowing the pooling of EHRs and research data in a unified database and technical solutions for the visual presentation of collected data and analyses results in the EHR. The Single-source Metadata ARchitecture Transformation (SMA:T) was used as the software architecture. SMA:T is an extension of the EHR system and uses module-driven engineering to generate standardized applications and interfaces. The operational data model was used as the standard. Standardized data were entered on iPads via the Mobile Patient Survey (MoPat) and the web application Mopat@home, and the standardized transmission, processing, display, and export of data were realized via SMA:T.

RESULTS

The technical feasibility of the informatics infrastructure was demonstrated in the course of this study. We created 19 standardized documentation forms with 241 items. For 317 patients, 6451 instances were automatically transferred to the EHR system without errors. Moreover, 96,323 instances were automatically transferred from the EHR system to the research database for further analyses.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we present the successful implementation of the informatics infrastructure enabling standardized data acquisition and data access for future real-time predictive modelling in clinical routine in psychiatry. The technical solution presented here might guide similar initiatives at other sites and thus help to pave the way toward future application of predictive models in psychiatric clinical routine.
Evaluating Efﬁcacy and Safety of Intradermal Delivery of Vaccines through Microneedle(s) in Animals: Systematic Review Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Bajwa Ishumeet Kaur , Kaur Navneet , Mathew Joseph L.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Microneedles are defined as micron-sized projections that create microscopic holes to the skin on application so that drug molecules can penetrate across the outer layers of the skin into the dermis or deeper. Skin is a natural barrier for defense against invading pathogens. Additionally, the dermis possesses dendritic cells that are efficient for antigen presentation and initiating the cascade of immunogenic responses leading to antibody production. Therefore, intradermal delivery of vaccine antigens could be a safe and less invasive alternative for vaccine delivery compared with conventional intramuscular injection.

OBJECTIVE

We intend to undertake a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intradermal delivery of vaccines using microneedles in animal models.

METHODS

In this systematic review, we will consider all study designs evaluating the safety and/or efﬁcacy of intradermal delivery of vaccines using microneedles in animal models. Our search strategy will include free text terms and controlled vocabulary for, “microneedle”, “vaccine”, and “intradermal”. We will search literature through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and OpenGrey, and we will not have language or date limits. Two review authors will independently select eligible studies and assess the risk of bias using the SYRCLE’s tool particularly for controlled studies and OHAT Risk of Bias Rating Tool for case studies, case-control studies, non-randomized studies, and cohort studies, and CAMARADES checklist to appraise the quality of the included studies. We will report structured summaries of the included studies and, if possible, conduct meta-analyses. The primary outcome to be measured is the efficacy of vaccine delivered through an intradermal route using microneedle(s) such as parameters of immunogenicity (for example antibody levels), sero-efficacy (for example sero-conversion), protective efficacy, etc. Secondary outcomes would include the safety of vaccines delivered through the intradermal route. This could include parameters to identify and/or quantify the timing and nature of local reactions, bleeding, systemic reactions, and death. Pain response during vaccination delivered through the intradermal route will also be evaluated.

RESULTS

This is a protocol for a systematic review; therefore, results are not available.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first systematic review protocol aiming to assess the evidence on the efficacy and safety of intradermal delivery of vaccines using microneedles in various animal models. The findings will inform the safety and efficacy of intradermal delivery of vaccines in animal models, with the overall goal of considering the method for human vaccination as well. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42021236625
Orthopedic Surgery Residency Program Website Content and Accessibility During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: El Shatanofy Muhammad , Brown Lauryn , Berger Peter , Gu Alex , Sharma Abhinav K , Campbell Joshua , Tabaie Sean
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

The exceptional competitiveness of the orthopedic surgery specialty, combined with the unclear impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on residency recruitment, has presented significant challenges to applicants and residency program directors. With limited in-person opportunities in the 2020-2021 application cycle, applicants have been pressed to gauge chances and best fit by browsing program websites.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study was to assess the accessibility and content of accredited orthopedic surgery residency program websites during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Using the online database of the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS), we compiled a list of accredited orthopedic surgery residency programs in the United States. Program websites were evaluated across four domains: program overview, education, research opportunities, and application details. Each website was assessed twice in July 2020, during a period of adjustment to the COVID-19 pandemic, and twice in November 2020, following the October ERAS application deadline.

RESULTS

A total of 189 accredited orthopedic surgery residency programs were identified through ERAS. Of these programs, 3 (1.6%) did not have functional website links on ERAS. Data analysis of content in each domain revealed that most websites included program details, a description of the didactic curriculum, and sample rotation schedules. Between the two evaluation periods in July and November 2020, the percentage of program websites containing informative videos and virtual tours rose from 12.2% (23/189) to 48.1% (91/189; P<.001) and from 0.5% (1/189) to 13.2% (25/189; P<.001), respectively. However, the number of programs that included information about a virtual subinternship or virtual interview on their websites did not change. Over the 4-month period, larger residency programs with 5 or more residents were significantly more likely to add a program video (P<.001) or virtual tour (P<.001) to their websites.

CONCLUSIONS

Most residency program websites offered program details and an overview of educational and research opportunities; however, few addressed the virtual transition of interviews and subinternships during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Exploring Deeper Causes Linking Adolescents’ Mental Disorders to Mobile Phone Use Problems: Grounded Theory Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Sun Zeyuan , Zhou Yue , Zhang Yinan , Gui Bing , Liu Zhenmi
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Evidence from a variety of studies link mobile phone use with an increase in mental health problems, with the situation being particularly prevalent in China and exacerbated by the COVID-19 quarantine.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to reveal underlying connections between mobile phone use and mental disorders of adolescents, and to develop a theory to help parents and counseling psychologists better understand and intervene in future cases.

METHODS

A total of 37 teenagers having both mental health and mobile phone use problems, along with their parents, were included for individual interviews. These interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using qualitative methods of grounded theory.

RESULTS

The grades-ranking-first mentality is one of the main factors causing problems such as defective family bonding and peer influences, pushing teenagers with mental disorders to seek comfort in the virtual world through their cellphones.

CONCLUSIONS

The idea proposed in this study is not only inspiring for psychological counseling and therapy on adolescents with mental problems but also beneficial for school educators and parents to better understand the adolescents. The findings of the study are also particularly noteworthy in the postpandemic age, where parents whose work locations and schedules are substantially affected due to any emergencies should try to build a relaxing and cozy atmosphere at home to avoid possible conflicts with adolescents.
Modeling Conflict: Representations of Social Groups in Present-Day Dutch Literature
Authors: Smeets Roel , De Pourcq Maarten , van den Bosch Antal
Published: June 2021

This essay responds to a lack of scholarly attention for conflict as a narrative mechanism since the formalist models of Vladimir Propp and Algirdas Julien Greimas. Building on recent developments within cultural analytics, the essay argues for a new understanding of narrative conflict by integrating classic narratological models with data-driven, statistical methods. It does so by (a) proposing two computational models of conflict based on theoretical insights from narratology, conflict studies, and network theory, (b) applying those models to a sample corpus of 170 present-day Dutch novels, and (c) briefly illustrating the narratological value of the results by interpreting the representation of social groups in two novels from the corpus – Bart Koubaa’s De Brooklynclub (2012) and Leon de Winter’s VSV (2012) – in light of the statistical patterns found for the corpus as a whole. The analyses of dyadic (two characters) and triadic (three characters) conflict leads to two central conclusions: 1) lower educated characters are more dominant in dyadic conflicts and 2) the majority of triadic conflicts exist in a state of social balance.
An Integrated Green Building Assessment Tool for Low-Cost Housing Development in Zambia
Authors: Mutinta Mutinta , Muya Mundia , Mwiya Balimu
Published: June 2021

Green building rating tools developed to assess the impact of buildings on the environment may not have all the appropriate methods and criteria for different environmental, economic, social and cultural conditions in the world. Assessment tools should be developed to meet minimum green building standards and aspirations. The challenge in developing countries like Zambia is that there is limited access to green building rating tools and a lack of technology and resources to have local tools. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to select methods and criteria for assessing green low-cost housing in Zambia from literature review and interviews with building practitioners. The 11th Sustainable Development Goal was part of literature review and some strategies were adopted as part of the criteria for green building assessment. A sequential mixed-method design was used to collect and analyze data through interviews and an online AHP evaluation of preferred criteria and methods. The results from the study suggest that the most preferred method of green building assessment is a Local Based Assessment, with local strategies and materials. Energy, water, health and wellbeing were determined to be the most preferred criteria for green building assessment. The proposed criteria could be used for guiding designers and planners in housing projects and for reviewing current building bye-laws.
The Effect of Electronic Medical Records on Nurses’ Job Satisfaction: A Multi-Year Analysis
Authors: Johnson William G. , Gee Perry M. , Kelly Lesly A. , Butler Richard J.
Published: June 2021

To measure nurses’ rankings of their electronic medical records (EMRs) on their job satisfaction over time, a retrospective analysis of a set of cross sectional data from a survey conducted by the United States’ California Registered Nursing Board in 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016. Approximately 4,500 nurses ranked the usefulness of their EMRs in each of the five years.The EMR rankings increased steadily between 2008 and 2016 but the changes are small and the rates of change are very slow, suggesting that the problems with EMRs have been difficult to solve. The results show EMRs have a large impact: a one category increase in EMR rankings increased job satisfaction by as much as or slightly more than one-third for hospital and non-hospital nurses.The size of the effects and their persistence over eight years imply a substantial loss from poorly designed EMRs, and one which could have been avoided had EMR designs more closely matched nurses’ day to day work. The reductions in job satisfaction and potential effects on burnout are losses to be added to the more widely measured losses in productivity and negative effects of EMRs on patient-provider relationships.
Utilization of Papaya Leaves (Carica papaya) in Feed on Growth of Catfish (Clarias sp.) in Muara Enim, South Sumatera
Authors: Firdaus Muhamad Sidiq Irsyadil , Mukti Retno Cahya
Published: June 2021

The feed must have a quality that matches the needs of the fish to produce high fish growth. Feed quality can be improved by adding alternative ingredients to feed. One alternative material that can be used is papaya leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding papaya leaves to feed on the growth of catfish (Clarias sp). This research was conducted in Muara Enim, South Sumatra in August 2020. The treatments were P0: control (without adding papaya leaves) and P1: with the addition of papaya leaves. The data observed included absolute growth, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, and survival. Fish maintenance data that obtained in treatment P0, that absolute weight growth of 8.43 g, absolute length growth 5.13 cm, specific growth rate 6.41 %, feed efficiency 95.77 %, and survival 76 %, while in P1 treatment using leaves papaya produced absolute weight growth of 10.57 g, absolute length growth of 5.17 cm, the specific growth rate of 5.84 %, feed efficiency 100.83 %, and survival 60 %. The results obtained indicate that the provision of papaya leaves affects the growth of catfish.
Undifferentiated optimism and scandalized accidents: the media coverage of autonomous driving in Germany
Authors: Jelinski Lena , Etzrodt Katrin , Engesser Sven
Published: June 2021

When, to what extent and under what conditions autonomous driving will become common practice depends not only on the level of technical development but also on social acceptance. Therefore, the rapid development of autonomous driving systems raises the question of how the public perceives this technology. As the mass media are regarded as the main source of information for the lay audience, the news coverage is assumed to affect public opinion. The mass media are also frequently criticized for their inaccurate and biased news coverage. Against this backdrop, we conducted a content analysis of the news coverage of autonomous driving in five leading German newspapers. Findings show that media reporting on autonomous driving is not very detailed. They also indicate a slight positive bias in the balance of arguments and tonality. However, as soon as an accident involving an autonomous vehicle occurs, the frequency of reporting, as well as the extent of negativity and detail increase. We conclude that well-informed public opinion requires more differentiated reporting — irrespective of accidents.
O pós-abolição e o estigma do alienado no romance social O cemitério dos vivos, de Lima Barreto
Authors: Dos Santos Patrick Silva
Published: June 2021

A proposta deste artigo é fazer uma análise crítica em relação à alienação como, em partes, correspondente ao abandono social de determinados segmentos da população que não se encaixavam no projeto de modernização republicano. Portanto, para apreender certas questões em O cemitério dos vivos, romance inacabado de Lima Barreto, utilizo o método da Crítica Integradora do sociólogo brasileiro, Antonio Candido, que nos permitiu extrair deste romance social elementos constitutivos da realidade social que estavam plasmados ficcionalmente.
O que é o direito à educação no sistema socioeducativo?
Authors: Da Silva Lessa Hemilim
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo compreender como os professores de uma escola situada em unidade de privação de liberdade, concebem o direito à educação escolar no sistema socioeducativo. Tomando como estudo de caso uma escola exclusiva para adolescentes do sexo feminino buscou-se compreender a leitura que os docentes fazem da forma como o direito à educação se distancia ou se aproxima dos principais documentos oficiais que dissertam sobre essa especificidade da educação escolar. Para tanto, analisamos o perfil do jovem privado de liberdade no Brasil. Investigamos as principais determinações legais que dissertam sobre o adolescente em conflito com a lei. Além disso, observamos um conselho de classe e entrevistamos professores dessa modalidade de ensino. Os resultados indicam que o direito à educação tem sido garantido por conta do pouco número de jovens apreendidas, o que garante o acesso diário aos espaços escolares e maior proximidade com o corpo de profissionais da unidade escolar pesquisada.