bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Reshaping of Neighboring Social Networks after Poverty Alleviation Relocation in Rural China: A Two-Year Observation
Authors: Hu Wen , Xie Yuquan , Yan Shuting , Zhou Xilin , Li Chuancheng
Published: April 2022

As one of China’s key poverty-reduction initiatives, poverty alleviation relocation (PAR) unavoidably results in the reshaping of neighboring social networks. This study equally focused on the changes in the scope of social interaction and in the intergroup social support of the two primary stakeholders of PAR in a rural–rural relocation context: the migrant and local groups. In 2019 and 2021, two surveys were conducted in four different types of resettlements: centralized, adjacent, enclave, and infill. To provide decision makers with broad references for sustainable PAR planning, the social changes were compared by groups, types, and years. In general, the migrant group had more significant scope expansion or narrowing in social interaction than the local group, and they were more willing to seek intergroup social support. Specifically, the centralized type was the superior choice since it was well-expanded and group-balanced; the adjacent type was also a good choice in the long term because of its rapid improvement in the later phase; the enclave type should be a last resort because of its persistently negative impact; and the infill type was a good option in the short term, as it rarely improved in the later stage. Furthermore, the personal socioeconomic attributes associated with the above social changes, claims laid to the spaces, and economic benefits and limitations were explored for a more comprehensive understanding.
Individual Differences in Digital Game-Based Supply Chains Management Learning: Evidence from Higher Vocational Education in Taiwan
Authors: Jhan Ya-Cing , Luarn Pin , Lin Hong-Wen
Published: April 2022

This study aims to investigate the differences in the learning path and value between students of different genders and educational backgrounds in digital game-based learning in Taiwan’s higher vocational education. A game-based digital Supply Chains Learning System was used to explore the value network based on “system attributes—learning consequences—target value” from the perspective of the student. To investigate the research question, this study conducted a cross-analysis of differences in gender and education background. Findings from the study revealed that irrespective of gender and educational background in higher vocational education in Taiwan, students developed distinctively different learning paths, values, and emphasis from specific system attributes. These findings will not only enable trainers and educators to learn more about the differences in learning by individuals but will also serve as useful guidelines for the improvement of the teaching strategy used by digital games developers.
A Novel Approach to Generate Hourly Photovoltaic Power Scenarios
Authors: Schlüter Stephan , Menz Fabian , Kojić Milena , Mitić Petar , Hanić Aida
Published: April 2022

Photovoltaic power is playing an ever-increasing role in the energy mix of countries worldwide. It is a stochastic energy source, and simulation models are needed to establish reliable risk management. This paper presents a novel approach for simulating hourly solar irradiation and—as a consequence—photovoltaic power based on easily accessible data such as wind, temperature, and cloudiness. Solar simulations are generated via a multiplication factor that scales the maximum possible solar irradiation. Photovoltaic simulations are then derived using formulas that approximate the physical interdependencies. The resulting simulations are unbiased on an annual level and reasonably reflect historic irradiation movements. Interpreting our approach as a descriptive model, we find that error values vary over the year and with granularity. Errors are highest when considering hourly values in wintertime, especially in the morning or late afternoon.
Comprehensive Geographic Networks Analysis: Statistical, Geometric and Algebraic Perspectives
Authors: Zhu Jiawei , Ma Xinqiang , Yang Hemeng , Li Yan , Tao Chao , Li Haifeng
Published: April 2022

Using complex network analysis methods to analyze the internal structure of geographic networks is a popular topic in urban geography research. Statistical analysis occupies a dominant position in the current research on geographic networks. This perspective mainly focuses on node connectivity, while other perspectives, such as geometric and algebraic perspectives, can provide additional insights into network structure. Using 11 different real-world geographic networks as examples, this study examines geographic networks from statistical, geometric, and algebraic perspectives. The following are some of the paper’s new findings: (1) When viewed statistically, geometrically, and algebraically, geographic networks have completely different properties. The statistical perspective describes both local and global connectivity; the Ricci curvature in the geometric perspective can assess the network’s development potential as well as describe its transmission capability, and the algebraic perspective can capture the global network topology other than connectivity; (2) Networks are qualitatively and quantitatively classified from three perspectives. The classification results are in accordance with the topological robustness experiment results, which indicate that an analysis from many angles has a lot of practical relevance; (3) Statistical indicators are better than Ricci curvature in identifying essential nodes in networks from a geometric standpoint, whereas the latter is better at detecting significant edges. Overall, studying geographic networks from various perspectives may provide new insights into their understanding.
DII-GCN: Dropedge Based Deep Graph Convolutional Networks
Authors: Zhu Jinde , Mao Guojun , Jiang Chunmao
Published: April 2022

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have gradually become an important research branch in graph learning since 2005, and the most active one is unquestionably graph convolutional neural networks (GCNs). Although convolutional neural networks have successfully learned for images, voices, and texts, over-smoothing remains a significant obstacle for non-grid graphs. In particular, because of the over-smoothing problem, most existing GCNs are only effective below four layers. This work proposes a novel GCN named DII-GCN that originally integrates Dropedge, Initial residual, and Identity mapping methods into traditional GCNs for mitigating over-smoothing. In the first step of the DII-GCN, the Dropedge increases the diversity of learning sample data and slows down the network’s learning speed to improve learning accuracy and reduce over-fitting. The initial residual is embedded into the convolutional learning units under the identity mapping in the second step, which extends the learning path and thus weakens the over-smoothing issue in the learning process. The experimental results show that the proposed DII-GCN achieves the purpose of constructing deep GCNs and obtains better accuracy than existing shallow networks. DII-GCN model has the highest 84.6% accuracy at 128 layers of the Cora dataset, highest 72.5% accuracy at 32 layers of the Citeseer dataset, highest 79.7% accuracy at 32 layers of the Pubmed dataset.
Large-S and Tensor-Network Methods for Strongly-Interacting Topological Insulators
Authors: Tirrito Emanuele , Hands Simon , Bermudez Alejandro
Published: April 2022

The study of correlation effects in topological phases of matter can benefit from a multidisciplinary approach that combines techniques drawn from condensed matter, high-energy physics and quantum information science. In this work, we exploit these connections to study the strongly-interacting limit of certain lattice Hubbard models of topological insulators, which map onto four-Fermi quantum field theories with a Wilson-type discretisation and have been recently shown to be at reach of cold-atom quantum simulators based on synthetic spin-orbit coupling. We combine large-S and tensor-network techniques to explore the possible spontaneous symmetry-breaking phases that appear when the interactions of the topological insulators are sufficiently large. In particular, we show that varying the Wilson parameter r of the lattice discretisations leads to a novel Heisenberg–Ising compass model with critical lines that flow with the value of r.
Intramuscular Neural Distribution of the Serratus Anterior Muscle: Regarding Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection for Treating Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Authors: Yi Kyu-Ho , Lee Ji-Hyun , Kim Hee-Jin
Published: April 2022

The serratus anterior muscle is commonly involved in myofascial pain syndrome and is treated with many different injective methods. Currently, there is no definite injection point for the muscle. This study provides a suggestion for injection points for the serratus anterior muscle considering the intramuscular neural distribution using the whole-mount staining method. A modified Sihler method was applied to the serratus anterior muscles (15 specimens). The intramuscular arborization areas were identified in terms of the anterior (100%), middle (50%), and posterior axillary line (0%), and from the first to the ninth ribs. The intramuscular neural distribution for the serratus anterior muscle had the largest arborization patterns in the fifth to the ninth rib portion of between 50% and 70%, and the first to the fourth rib portion had between 20% and 40%. These intramuscular neural distribution-based injection sites are in relation to the external anatomical line for the frequently injected muscles to facilitate the efficiency of botulinum neurotoxin injections. Lastly, the intramuscular neural distribution of serratus anterior muscle should be considered in order to practice more accurately without the harmful side effects of trigger-point injections and botulinum neurotoxin injections.
The Evolving View of Uremic Toxicity
Authors: Meijers Bjorn , Lowenstein Jerome
Published: April 2022

Indoxyl sulfate, closely related to indigo, a dye valued for it binding to cloth, has been recognized as a protein-bound solute bound to albumin, present in increased concentration in the serum of patients with impaired glomerular filtration (13). The early studies of Niwa identified indoxyl sulfate as a toxin capable of accelerating the rate of renal damage in subtotal nephrectomized rats (18). Over the past decade other protein-bound solutes have been identified in the plasma of patients with impaired glomerular filtration. Although the early studies, focused on the kidney, identified indoxyl sulfate as a toxic waste product dependent on the kidney for its removal, subsequent observations have identified organic anion transporters on many non-renal tissue, leading to the view that indoxyl sulfate is part of a systemic signaling system.
Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Milk, Pasteurized Milk and Cottage Cheese Collected along Value Chain Actors from Three Regions of Ethiopia
Authors: Zebib Haftom , Abate Dawit , Woldegiorgis Ashagrie Zewdu
Published: April 2022

Milk is a highly nutritious and perfect natural food for humans. However, when lactating animals feed on Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-containing feed, the hydroxyl metabolite aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contaminates the milk and dairy products. The objective of the current study was to assess the level of AFM1 in raw milk, normally pasteurized milk and Ethiopian cottage cheese collected from value chain actors (producers, collectors, processors and retailers). Cross-sectional study and simple random techniques were used to collect primary samples. A total of 160 composite samples was collected; raw milk (n = 64), pasteurized milk (n = 64) and cheese (n = 32) was analyzed. Quantitative analysis of AFM1 was conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results indicate that AFM1 was detected in all milk products. Results along value chains show that the concentration of AFM1 in raw milk from collectors was significantly higher than from producers, and in pasteurized milk from processors and retailers (p < 0.05). However, no significant (p > 0.05) difference was observed in cottage cheese value-chain actors in all regions. Comparison of AFM1 mean values among all dairy products shows that raw milk had a significantly higher concentration of AFM1 followed by pasteurized milk and cottage cheese. However, there was no significant difference between raw and pasteurized milk (p > 0.05). The mean AFM1 contamination in milk products ranged from 0.137 to 0.319 µg/L (mean value 0.285 µg/L). The contamination percentages of AFM1 in raw milk (62.50%), pasteurized milk (67.20%) and cottage cheese (25%) were above the regulatory limit set by the European Union (EU) (0.05 µg/L). According to USA/Ethiopian Standard (US/ES) (0.50 µg/L), 21.87%, 25% and 1% exceeded the regulatory limit for the above products, respectively. The overall prevalence (56.88%) was above the EU regulatory limit and 19.38% over US/ES regulations. Therefore, to provide accurate information about the health risk to consumers, there is a need to conduct risk assessment studies in consumers of milk and dairy products at different age groups.
Nationwide Hospital-Based Survey of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma in Japan
Authors: Kato Takeharu , Imaizumi Yoshitaka , Miyazaki Yasushi
Published: April 2022

Nationwide surveys of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) have played an important role in helping us to understand the pathophysiology of this disease and analyze its prognosis in Japan. Classifications of clinical subtypes have been proposed based on the results of nationwide surveys of patients with ATL diagnosed in the 1980s. This article highlighted the classification and prognosis of ATL based on different surveys and focused on the comparison of data derived from the available surveys. The 11th nationwide hospital-based survey was conducted in patients with ATL diagnosed in 2010–2011 using the same method as that used in the 1980s survey. The median age of disease onset was 68 years, which was increased compared with previous surveys. While median survival of patients with the acute and lymphoma types had not improved much since the 1980s, the 4-year survival rate was higher. Little improvement in the prognosis was observed for the chronic and smoldering types. The 12th nationwide survey of patients with ATL diagnosed in 2012–2013 also showed an increase in age at onset. Further epidemiological research that includes more cases is needed to deepen our understanding of the actual state of treatment and prognosis of this disease.
Updates on HTLV-1 Uveitis
Authors: Kamoi Koju , Watanabe Toshiki , Uchimaru Kaoru , Okayama Akihiko , Kato Seiko , Kawamata Toyotaka , Kurozumi-Karube Hisako , Horiguchi Noe , Zong Yuan , Yamano Yoshihisa , Hamaguchi Isao , Nannya Yasuhito , Tojo Arinobu , Ohno-Matsui Kyoko
Published: April 2022

HTLV-1 uveitis (HU) is the third clinical entity to be designated as an HTLV-1-associated disease. Although HU is considered to be the second-most frequent HTLV-1-associated disease in Japan, information on HU is limited compared to that on adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). Recent studies have addressed several long-standing uncertainties about HU. HTLV-1-related diseases are known to be caused mainly through vertical transmission (mother-to-child transmission), but emerging HTLV-1 infection by horizontal transmission (such as sexual transmission) has become a major problem in metropolitan areas, such as Tokyo, Japan. Investigation in Tokyo showed that horizontal transmission of HTLV-1 was responsible for HU with severe and persistent ocular inflammation. The development of ATL and HAM is known to be related to a high provirus load and hence involves a long latency period. On the other hand, factors contributing to the development of HU are poorly understood. Recent investigations revealed that severe HU occurs against a background of Graves’ disease despite a low provirus load and short latency period. This review highlights the recent knowledge on HU and provides an update on the topic of HU in consideration of a recent nationwide survey.
Analysis on the Dynamics of Coastline and Reclamation in Pearl River Estuary in China for Nearly Last Half Century
Authors: Zhang Xiaohao , Lin Jingrou , Huang Huamei , Deng Junjie , Chen Aiping
Published: April 2022

The Pearl River Estuary is in the geometric center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, which is one of the main battlefields to drive the high-quality development of China’s economy. This paper uses seven sets of typical satellite images in Pearl River Estuary for nearly half a century (from 1973 to 2021) to analyze the changes of coastline and sea reclamation. The results show that from 1973 to 2021, the total length of the coastline of the Pearl River Estuary increased from 240.09 km to 416.00 km, and that of the continental coastline from 186.87 km to 246.21 km (but the length of natural coastline in the continental coastline decreased from 136.91 km to 15.17 km). In the same period, the total reclamation area of the Pearl River Estuary increased by 28,256.06 ha. Before 2012, the growth rate of reclamation was generally fast. After 2012, the reclamation in China has entered a period of reflection. With reclamation was strictly controlled in the new era, only the previously approved reclamation projects and national major projects have been guaranteed, which makes the average annual growth rate of the coastline length and the reclamation area in the region show a significant downward trend. The reclamation in early days was largely for agriculture and pond culture purposes, but is shifting to transportation, industrial development, and urban construction in recent decades. This study scientifically analyzes the coastline and reclamation changes of the Pearl River Estuary in the past half century, which has a very important reference value for the next step to formulate marine ecological protection and restoration strategies, and construct a new pattern of marine space development and protection.
Wastewater Quality Screening Using Affinity Propagation Clustering and Entropic Methods for Small Saturated Nonlinear Orthogonal Datasets
Authors: Besseris George
Published: April 2022

Wastewater recycling efficiency improvement is vital to arid regions, where crop irrigation is imperative. Analyzing small, unreplicated–saturated, multiresponse, multifactorial datasets from novel wastewater electrodialysis (ED) applications requires specialized screening/optimization techniques. A new approach is proposed to glean information from structured Taguchi-type sampling schemes (nonlinear fractional factorial designs) in the case that direct uncertainty quantification is not computable. It uses a double information analysis–affinity propagation clustering and entropy to simultaneously discern strong effects and curvature type while profiling multiple water-quality characteristics. Three water quality indices, which are calculated from real ED process experiments, are analyzed by examining the hierarchical behavior of four controlling factors: (1) the dilute flow, (2) the cathode flow, (3) the anode flow, and (4) the voltage rate. The three water quality indices are: the removed sodium content, the sodium adsorption ratio, and the soluble sodium percentage. The factor that influences the overall wastewater separation ED performance is the dilute flow, according to both analyses’ versions. It caused the maximum contrast difference in the heatmap visualization, and it minimized the relative information entropy at the two operating end points. The results are confirmed with a second published independent dataset. Furthermore, the final outcome is scrutinized and found to agree with other published classification and nonparametric screening solutions. A combination of modern classification and simple entropic methods which are offered through freeware R-packages might be effective for testing high-complexity ‘small-and-dense’ nonlinear OA datasets, highlighting an obfuscated experimental uncertainty.
Optimal Flood-Control Operation of Cascade Reservoirs Using an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Diao Yanfang , Ma Haoran , Wang Hao , Wang Junnuo , Li Shuxian , Li Xinyu , Pan Jieyu , Qiu Qingtai
Published: April 2022

Optimal reservoir operation is an important measure for ensuring flood-control safety and reducing disaster losses. The standard particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm can find the optimal solution of the problem by updating its position and speed, but it is easy to fall into a local optimum. In order to prevent the problem of precocious convergence, a novel simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SAPSO) algorithm was proposed in this study, in which the Boltzmann equation from the simulated annealing algorithm was incorporated into the iterative process of the PSO algorithm. Within the maximum flood peak reduction criterion, the SAPSO algorithm was used into two floods in the Tianzhuang–Bashan cascade reservoir system. The results shown that: (1) There are lower maximum outflows. The maximum outflows of Tianzhuang reservoir using SAPSO algorithm decreased by 9.3% and 8.6%, respectively, compared with the measured values, and those of Bashan reservoir decreased by 18.5% and 13.5%, respectively; (2) there are also lower maximum water levels. The maximum water levels of Tianzhuang reservoir were 0.39 m and 0.45 m lower than the measured values, respectively, and those of Bashan reservoir were 0.06 m and 0.46 m lower, respectively; and (3) from the convergence processes, the SAPSO algorithm reduced the convergence speed in the early stage of convergence and provided a superior objective function value than PSO algorithm. At the same time, by comparing with GA algorithm, the performance and applicability of SAPSO algorithm in flood operation are discussed further. Thus, the optimal operation model and SAPSO algorithm proposed in this study provide a new approach to realizing the optimal flood-control operation of cascade reservoir systems.
Marketing verde, una mirada desde el comercio minorista: Caso hipermercados del Ecuador
Authors: Villavicencio Rodas María Fernanda , Maldonado Ordoñez Jenniffer Brigitte
Published: April 2022

Las prácticas de marketing verde en el sector minorista promueven acceso a nuevos mercados, incremento de ganancias y mayor ventaja competitiva en comparación con otras empresas. El objetivo de investigación es identificar las diferentes estrategias de mercadeo que emplean las dos más grandes cadenas de hipermercados del Ecuador, con el fin de contribuir con un referente investigativo que sirva como guía para el desarrollo de actividades ecológicas, basadas en las condiciones del sector minorista en el país. Para ello, se realizó una investigación cualitativa, utilizando como instrumento un modelo de entrevista estructurada, aplicada a los administradores de los hipermercados estudiados. En los hallazgos se determinó que las prácticas de marketing verde más comunes que adoptan estas cadenas minoristas son: la diferenciación de los productos sostenibles, la promoción de prácticas medioambientales, la garantía de disponibilidad y visibilidad de productos ecológicos, así como el compromiso ético social con los proveedores.

 

Palabras clave: comercio minorista, consumidor verde, marketing ecológico, prácticas de marketing verde.
Herramientas de educación imaginativa en la generación de ideas de negocios innovadoras
Authors: Cedeño Santos Mariuxi Alexandra , Rodríguez Loor Grace Beatriz
Published: April 2022

Existen diferentes herramientas imaginativas, cuya aplicación permite el desarrollo creativo del estudiante. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar las herramientas de educación imaginativas, más importantes en la generación de ideas de negocio de los/las estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Fiscal Uruguay, en la asignatura de emprendimiento y gestión. La metodología cualitativa - cuantitativa implementó un cuestionario a 66 estudiantes, ocho docentes y entrevistas a dos expertos en temas de educación, emprendimiento e innovación. Los resultados encontrados determinaron que el profesorado ocasionalmente utiliza herramientas imaginativas para la generación de ideas de negocios innovadoras, los estudiantes por su parte identificaron al brainstorming como la herramienta más empleada para la estimulación de ideas de negocios. Se concluye que la enseñanza del emprendimiento mejora si el profesorado implementa herramientas imaginativas como el desing thinking, que permita la estimulación adecuada de iniciativas emprendedoras a través de la empatía y una investigación adecuada.

 

Palabras clave: Herramientas imaginativas, ideas; innovación, aprendizaje, emprendimiento.
FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENERIMAAN OPINI GOING CONCERN DIPERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN 2016 - 2019
Authors: Hanly Hansen
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze and test whether audit lag, solvability, opinion shopping, audit opinion on the previous year, and reputation of accounting public office affect the going concern audit opinion acceptance of mining sector company that listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2016 – 2019. The type of research we used is quantitative descriptive research. The research sample that has been selected is 41 companies with observating 164 data that obtained through purposive sampling technique with certain criteria. Hypothesis testing and data analysis techniques are obtained by SPSS 20 with logistic regression method. The results of the study simultaneously show that audit lag, solvability, opinion shopping, audit opinion on the previous year, and reputation of accounting public office do not have significant influence on going concern audit opinion acceptance of mining sector company that listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2016 – 2019.
Pengaruh pengawasan dan vudaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan anglo eastern plantation group (UKINDO BLANKAHAN)
Authors: Oktavia Oktavia sabrina br karo
Published: April 2022

Supervision is an activity in the company to achieve company goals.  Supervision is needed to improve the quality of work of human resources to advance the company. In addition to Supervision, Organizational Culture can also affect the personal lives of employees and affect the progress of the company. Therefore a company needs to form a good organizational culture. The objective of the study is to test and analyze the effect of supervision and organizational culture on employee performance at the Anglo Eastern Plantation Group (Ukindo Blankahan). The research used a quantitative research method. This type of research is quantitative descriptive and the nature of this study is an eplanatory research. The research data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression analysis. The research populaions were 221 employees with the samples of 143 respondents. The result of the study showed that the T test on supervision was T-count 2.222> T-table 1.6558 with a significant level of 0.000 <0.05. Therefore, it is concluded that partially supervision has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at Anglo Eastern Plantation Group (Ukindo Blankahan). Partially, on organizational culture, it was found that T- count> T-table or (12,173> 1.6558) with a significant level of 0.000 <0.05. Therefore, it was concluded that partially, organizational culture has a positive and  significant effect on employee performance at Anglo Eastern Plantation Group (Ukindo Blankahan). The result of the study shows that supervision and organizational culture have a significant effect on employee performance at Anglo Eastern Plantation Group (Ukindo Blankahan) in which F-count 86.44> F-table 3.07 with a significant value of 0.004 <0.05 which means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted at a level of significance 0.004 <0.05.
Human Biometric Traits: A Systematic Review Focusing on Vascular Patterns
Authors: Varastehpour Soheil , Sharifzadeh Hamid , Ardekani Iman , Sarrafzadeh Abdolhossein
Published: April 2022

Authentication methods based on human traits, including fingerprint, face, iris, and palm print, have developed significantly, and currently they are mature enough to be reliably considered for human identification purposes. Recently, as a new research area, a few methods based on non-facial skin features such as vein patterns have been developed. This literature review paper explores some key biometric systems such as face recognition, iris recognition, fingerprint, and palm print, and discusses their respective advantages and disadvantages; then by providing a comprehensive analysis of these traits, and their applications, vein pattern recognition is reviewed.
Models Applied in Stock Market Prediction: A Literature Survey
Authors: Dassanayake Wajira , Jayawardena Chandimal , Ardekani Iman , Sharifzadeh Hamid
Published: April 2022

Stock market prices are intrinsically dynamic, volatile, highly sensitive, nonparametric, nonlinear, and chaotic in nature, as they are influenced by a myriad of interrelated factors. As such, stock market time series prediction is complex and challenging. Many researchers have been attempting to predict stock market price movements using various techniques and different methodological approaches. Recent literature confirms that hybrid models, integrating linear and non-linear functions or statistical and learning models, are better suited for training, prediction, and generalisation performance of stock market prices. The purpose of this review is to investigate different techniques applied in stock market price prediction with special emphasis on hybrid models.
Mitigating Nitrogen Oxides Exhaust Emissions from Petrol Vehicles by Application of a Fuel Additive
Authors: Kudin Roman , Chand Prabhat , Bakmeedeniya Anura
Published: April 2022

This research has been commissioned by Eco Fuel Global Limited, a New Zealand-based company, to further evaluate the effects of their fuel-additive product on the tailpipe exhaust emissions of petrol cars. At the time this research was conducted (end of 2018), the product was still in development and had not been released to the market. Prior to the testing in this research, an initial pilot test was done for the same product on a single car (Nissan Pulsar 1998), which showed favourable results, with a reduction in hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen at the tailpipe by more than 70%. The current research included five test cars, all running on RON 95 fuel, with the years of manufacture ranging between 1994 and 2006, and the odometer readings between 112,004 km and 264,001 km. The effects of the fuel-additive product were assessed by comparing the emissions from a car running on standard fuel with the emissions from the same car after it completed a road run (250±20 km) on the additive-treated fuel. The exhaust emissions were measured using the AVL series 4000 Emission Tester, which analyses five components: carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), hydrocarbons (HC) and oxygen (O2). The most noticeable outcome of using the fuel-additive product was the reduction in the concentration of oxides of nitrogen in the tailpipe exhaust (by up to 27.7%), when compared with the same cars running on standard fuel. In addition, the results showed a decrease in residual oxygen concentration, which normally indicates more complete utilisation of O2 as an oxidising agent. Mitigating Nitrogen Oxides Exhaust Emissions from Petrol Vehicles by Application of a Fuel Additive Dr Roman Kudin, Prabhat Chand and Anura Bakmeedeniya 2 The changes for other emission parameters were either relatively small (below 1%) or were not statistically significant. The application of such fuel-additive products could be beneficial for mitigating nitrogen oxides exhaust emissions from petrol vehicles in countries with ageing car fleets. These include New Zealand, which has a relatively high proportion of old cars in use, with no government-run scrappage scheme, and without a mandatory objective emissions testing.
Elevated Temperature Air-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction of Pseudoephedrine from Human Urine Samples Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detection
Authors: Nemati Mahboob , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2022

Background: Pseudoephedrine is a broadly used drug for the clinical treatment of bronchitis, respiratory allergies, and cancer pains. However, the use of pseudoephedrine is restricted by several medicinal commissions like International Olympic Committee (IOC). In this study, a reliable, inexpensive, green, and sensitive microextraction method has been developed for extraction and preconcentration pseudoephedrine in urine samples. Methods: It is based on an air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (AALLME) technique in which choline chloride: p-chlorophenol deep eutectic solvent (DES) was used as the extraction. The extracted analyte was determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ultraviolet detector. The effective factors on the efficiency of the method such as kind of extraction solvent, pH of sample solution, extraction time, and ionic strength were investigated. Results: Under the optimized conditions, the extraction recovery (ER) and enrichment factors(EFs) were 89% and 222, respectively. The method detection limit, relative standard deviation(RSD), and linear range were 0.21 ng mL-1, 4.9%, and 0.69-1000 ng mL-1, respectively. Conclusion: The validated method was successfully performed on different urines samples obtained from the persons who were under treatment with pseudoephedrine.
B7-H7 Suppression Increases the Expression of CTLA-4 and VISTA Genes in Gastric Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Bolandi Nadia , Khadem Ansari Mohammad Hassan , Rasmi Yousef , Baradaran Behzad
Published: April 2022

Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial genetic malignancy that tumor metastasis is one of the principal characteristics of this disease. The B7 family immune checkpoints have important functions in maintaining the immune system's equilibrium that participates in the regulation of invasion, metastasis, and development of tumors. Silencing of gene expression via small interference RNA (siRNA) delivery technology is one of the significant approaches in gene therapy. The main goal of the current study was to determine the effect of B7-H7 suppression by siRNA on the expression of CTLA-4 and VISTA in the MKN-45 GC cell line. For this purpose, MKN-45 cells were transfected with B7-H7-siRNA. Then, transcript levels of CTLA-4 and VISTA genes following the suppression of the B7-H7 gene were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. This research demonstrated that the transcript levels of CTLA-4 and VISTA were increased after transfection of B7-H7-siRNA compared to the control cells. These experiments revealed that the knockdown of B7-H7 altered the expression of two immune checkpoints in the GC cell line.
DIGITALIZATION OF PUBLIC POLICY IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Saharova Svetlana , Avdeeva Irina , Parahina l.
Published: April 2022

The article reveals the purpose, trends and prospects of modern digitalization of public policy; possible consequences of modern digital technology are highlighted; the prospects of communication interactions between government and society in the context of digital technology are considered. The emphasis is made on the fact that the main function of public policy at the present time is the communication between different segments of the population and the public with the power structures; ensuring the transparency of power in the country. Digitalization processes affect almost all spheres of social interaction, in particular, digitalization mechanisms are applied in the political sphere, being constantly updated and improved. The research is based on a comprehensive approach, which implies the study of various aspects of the material on digitalization and the application of digital technologies in public policy, taking into account the historical, cultural and political context. The authors also used such methodological techniques and tools as: methods of structural and system analysis, retrospective evaluation and text-mining to analyze the material on the stated issues. The scientific significance lies in the expansion of theoretical ideas about the significance of digitalization of public administration in the system of public administration. The practical significance lies in the identification of indicators and criteria to assess the degree of impact of digitalization on public administration.
DIGITALIZATION OF FOREST PROTECTION MANAGEMENT BASED ON FOREST FIRE MONITORING
Authors: Kretinin A. , Bezrukova Tatyana
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes measures to improve the effectiveness of management of forest protection from fires on the basis of information technology. The purpose of this article is to review and analyze the existing system of management of forest protection from fires, identifying the main management problems and forming recommendations to improve the existing system on the basis of digital technology. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that in recent years there has been a large number of forest fires, which brings irreparable damage to the Russian economy, so the question of the effectiveness of today's forest fire prevention system in our country is urgent. Innovative tools to improve the fight against forest fires are digital technologies. As part of the study of measures to improve the effectiveness of forest fire protection management clarified the conceptual apparatus, considered the concept of "digital technology", "forest fire". Based on the analysis of forest fire management, measures based on digital technology, which will improve the fire situation in the territory of forestry in the Russian Federation. Fighting forest fires is a dangerous job, which requires instant decisions based on immediately available information. The main digital tools used for fire protection are drones, laser scanning remote sensing of forests. The use of these tools will make it possible to quickly and smoothly determine the onset of forest fires, their area and determine on this basis the activities of fire departments and forestry organizations sequence of actions to eliminate forest fires. The more accurate real-time data firefighters have, such as fire location and condition, the location of hazards, and the number of forests covered by fire, the greater the probability of saving forests and the animals that live in their territory, ensuring the safety of firefighters and limiting fire damage. Consequently, digital technology, when fighting a forest fire, is the main and most important tool, and its implementation will reduce the risk of fire and damage from it.
ECONOMICALLY JUSTIFIED OPTIMIZATION OF FLOW PROCESSES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF TRANSPORTATION TO THE OBJECTS OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA
Authors: Kulikov Aleksey , Efimov M. , Halbaev D. , Soltanov Yu.
Published: April 2022

he article presents the results of a study on the economic justification of the use of technological schemes for the transportation of building materials to the objects under construction in the Republic of Crimea. The volume of construction in 2021 amounted to only 39 buildings, and in 2022 it is planned to hand over more than 60 construction projects and will approach the level of 2018. The paper examines the dynamics and characteristics of the functioning of the construction sector of the peninsula using the methodology of economic comparison, a systematic approach and logistics ABC analysis. The results of the ABC analysis showed that only five major developers are in group “A”, four are in group “B”, the remaining twenty–one are in group “C”. Methods of mathematical statistics were used to determine the regularity of random variables, elements, stages of the transportation process of construction goods. The developed technological projects for the transportation of sand from the Krasnogorsk quarry, crushed stone from the Trudolyubovsky quarry to Simferopol were economically justified. The application of the proposed recommendations made it possible to optimize the operation of the entire rolling stock, increase its productivity. The optimal technological scheme is No. 5 (the minimum total cost of transporting sand for one ride is 2,716 rubles.). The increase in the productivity of dump trucks ensures a reduction in the cost of transportation and a reduction in transport costs in the final cost of residential and non-residential facilities in Crimea. The analysis of the impact of technical and economic indicators on improving the efficiency of the transport process is carried out. The productivity of dump trucks for the transportation of sand and crushed stone can be increased in the range of – 15.0 - 38.5%, due to the application of our recommendations (use rolling stock with a larger load capacity, reduce the duration of the stages: cargo preparation for transportation; loading; transportation; unloading; delivery of rolling stock). The results of the implementation of recommendations to improve the economic efficiency of a motor transport company are presented. The effect for 1 ton of cargo at the maximum load of one excavator was: 23.2 rubles /ton when using MAZ-6501 relative to MAZ-5550; 7.4 rubles/ton relative to KamAZ-65115-50. The effect for 1 ton of cargo with minimal losses was: 23.9 rubles /ton when using MAZ-6501 relative to MAZ-5550; 8.9 rubles/ton relative to KamAZ-65115-50.
PROTECTION OF AIRSPACE FROM LIGHT UAVS USING MODERN SOURCES OF ULTRA-SHORT PULSE ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
Authors: МЫРОВА Л.О. , КИРИЧЕК Р.В. , СТУПНИЦКИЙ М.М.
Published: April 2022

Рассмотрены угрозы использования беспилотных летательных аппаратов (БПЛА) в террористических целях. Приведена их классификация по массе. Показана возможность защиты от БПЛА с применением перспективных информационных технологий на основе сверхкороткоимпульсного электромагнитного излучения (СКИ ЭМИ). Даны характеристики современного источника СКИ ЭМИ. Обоснована архитектура построения комплекса защиты от БПЛА на основе СКИ ЭМИ и когерентного локатора.

Threats of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for terrorist purposes are considered. The classification of UAVs by weight is presented. The possibility of protection against UAVs using advanced information technologies and ultrashort pulse electromagnetic radiation is shown. The characteristics of modern sources of ultrashort pulse electromagnetic radiation are given. The architecture of the UAV protection complex construction based on ultrashort pulse electromagnetic radiation and a coherent locator is substantiated.
THE METHOD FOR INCREASING THE INTELLIGENCE PROTECTION OF A TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF TECHNICAL COMPUTER INTELLIGENCE
Authors: ПЕРМЯКОВ А.С.
Published: April 2022

Предложена методика повышения разведзащищенности системы телекоммуникационной связи в условиях технической компьютерной разведки за счет снижения контрастности демаскирующих признаков элементов системы относительно элементов корпоративных систем связи,функционирующих в том же фрагменте сети связи общего пользования.

A technique is proposed for increasing the intelligence security of a telecommunications system in the conditions of technical computer intelligence by reducing the contrast of the unmasking features of the system elements relative to the elements of corporate communication systems operating in the same fragment of a public communication network.
State Support for Children in Dysfunctional Families in the Republic of Belarus (Work Experience in the Health Institution "Grodno City Emergency Hospital")
Authors: Семенцова С.В. , Сурова Н.А. , Лисовская О.Н.
Published: April 2022

В Республике Беларусь значительное внимание уделяется охране материнства и детства. Особую заботу вызывает категория беременных, безответственно относящихся к своему здоровью и к здоровью своего будущего ребенка, юных матерей, обязанных лиц. На 01.10.2019 г. в Гродненской области на учете состоит 587 семей, признанных находящимися в социально опасном положении (СОП). В этих семьях проживает 1199 детей, в том числе 62 ребенка в возрасте до 1 года жизни, 187 детей в возрасте до 3 лет. На 9 месяцев 2019 г. медицинскими работниками выявлено 302 ребенка, проживающего в семьях с факторами социального неблагополучия, из них 91 в дальнейшем признан находящимся в СОП, 173 ребенка признаны нуждающимися в государственной защите, 38 детей оформлено в дом ребенка. Основным документом в данной работе является Декрет Президента Республики Беларусь 18 от 24 ноября 2006 года О дополнительных мерах по государственной защите детей в неблагополучных семьях (далее Декрет 18).

Considerable attention is paid to the protection of motherhood and childhood in the Republic of Belarus. Particular concern is focused on the category of pregnant women which irresponsibly to their health and health of their unborn child, young mothers, obligated persons. There are 587 families which are in social dangerous situation (SDS) in Grodno region on the 1.10.2019y. 1199 children live in such families including 62 children under 1 year old and 187 children under 3 years old. Medical employers identified 302 children who lives in social dysfunctional families, 91children of them were recognized later as being in SDS, 173 children were recognized as need state protection, 38 children were placed in orphanage. This article is based on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No.18 of November 24, 2006 On additional measures for state protection of children in dysfunctional families (hereinafter Decree No.18).
Medical and Social Assistance to Children and Adolescents: Status, Problems and Development Prospects
Authors: Мокия-Сербина С.А. , Литвинова Т.В. , Заболотняя Н.И.
Published: April 2022

В последние годы в Украине значительно возросла роль медико-социальных факторов в процессе формирования и сохранения здоровья детского населения. Цель работы поиск возможностей усовершенствования медико-социальной помощи детям и подросткам. В статье проанализированы вопросы состояния здоровья детей и подростков организации медико-социальной помощи в амбулаторно-поликлинических учреждениях и школе готовности врачей первичного звена обслуживания к работе с детьми социального риска и решению социальных вопросов. Выявлены рост детских болезней и заболеваемости детскими болезнями, социальные риски их формирования отсутствие эффективной модели оказания медико-социальных услуг семьям, детям и подросткам в амбулаторно-поликлинических учреждениях и школе недостаточная подготовка врачей первичного звена обслуживания по вопросам социальной работы и нерациональная организация их работы со значительным преобладанием лечебного процесса. Рассмотрены пути решения ряда новых медико-социальных проблем, которые негативно влияют на здоровье детского населения.

In recent years, the role of medical and social factors in the process of forming and maintaining the health of children has significantly increased in Ukraine. Purpose of this article search for opportunities to improve medical and social care for children and adolescents. In the article, there are analyzed the following issues: health status of children and adolescents organization of medical and social assistance in outpatient facilities and schools readiness of primary care physicians to work with children of social risk and address social issues. There were revealed the growth of childhood diseases and the incidence of childhood diseases, social risks of their formation lack of effective model for provision of medical and social services to families, children and adolescents in outpatient clinics and schools insufficient training of primary care physicians on social work issues and irrational organization of their work with significant predominance of the treatment process. The ways of solving a number of new medical and social problems that negatively affect the health of children are considered.