bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio comparativo del uso de columnas de acero huecas y columnas compuestas en pórticos resistentes a momento
Authors: Chango Byron , Ruiz Karla , Hernández Luis , Baquero Raúl
Published: July 2024

La falta de planificación desde una etapa temprana en el sector de la construcción ha dado lugar a un crecimiento vertical, haciendo necesarios edificios cada vez más altos y esbeltos, en consecuencia, los elementos compuestos se presentan como una alternativa que busca cubrir las deficiencias que los materiales muestran al trabajar exclusivamente de manera individual. Partiendo de esto, se realizó un estudio comparativo técnico y económico con el propósito de analizar el aporte que tienen las columnas compuestas dentro de un sistema estructural porticado, para el cual se propuso la modelación de dos estructuras de acero con pórticos especiales resistentes a momentos, una con columnas rectangulares de acero huecas y la otra con columnas rectangulares de acero rellenas de hormigón. Se analizaron parámetros como modos de vibración, cortante basal, derivas de piso, peso propio de la estructura y costos. Como resultado se concluye que la estructura con columnas rectangulares rellenas de hormigón presenta un buen comportamiento estructural utilizando perfiles de menor espesor en comparación a la estructura con columnas rectangulares de acero huecas, lo que se traduce en un menor costo. Además, se evidenció que las columnas compuestas presentan una mayor capacidad de carga axial por compresión.
Diseño de antenas lineales V para satélites
Authors: Cuervo Callejas Cristian C. , Gutiérrez Monroy David S. , Jiménez Cruz Juan S. , Galarza B. Cesar M. , Paz Penagos Hernán
Published: July 2024

El artículo presenta el diseño y construcción de una estación terrena en miniatura con un conjunto de antenas lineales en forma de V para adquirir y decodificar señales del satélite NOAA 18 en tiempo real. El objetivo es obtener imágenes de satélite en la banda VHF. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran una imagen de buena calidad al utilizar el programa de decodificación NOAA-APT y filtrado de paso de banda. La interfaz entre el sistema radiante y la USRP muestra un nivel aceptable de acoplamiento con un VSWR de 1.5 y pérdida de retorno de -14 dB, al final, se explican los factores adversos que no permitieron mejores resultados, entre los cuales el más importante es el acoplamiento de impedancia mutua del conjunto de antenas y el tiempo de transmisión de información de 10 minutos desde el satélite NOAA 18.
Isolation, Identification, and Characteristics of Local Yeast Isolates with Proteolytic Capability Obtained from Traditional Processed Indonesian Duck Eggs
Authors: Pratama Andry , Gumilar Jajang , Putranto Wendry S. , Rukayadi Yaya
Published: July 2024

Various microorganisms can grow in egg-based food products, and yeast is among the microorganisms that thrive in egg products. Yeasts naturally produce large enzymes by breaking down organic materials during growth. Yeast has a great biotechnological potential owing to its extracellular enzymatic activity. Therefore, it is important to study yeast species, especially those from food sources and the environment. Protease production and activity are affected by various factors such as temperature, time, and pH. In this study, 47 yeast isolates were identified and purified from traditionally processed Indonesian duck eggs via repeated sub-culturing and quadrant streaking. Screening of the yeast isolates on skim milk agar medium showed that 23 isolates exerted proteolytic activity, whereas the remaining 25 did not. Yeast isolates with proteolytic capabilities belonged to the Saccharomyces, Pichia, and Candida genera. The highest protease activities were observed in isolates TA-17 and TPi-08, with activity values of 0.618 and 0.098 U/mL, respectively.
Sheet Flow Simulation for Sheet Metal Die Optimization Using Simcenter 3D Software
Authors: Gupta Madhav
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This research paper explores the advantages and applications of scrap flow simulation in sheet metal dies manufacturing processes. Scrap flow simulation provides valuable insights into material utilization, die design optimization, and overall efficiency in sheet metal forming operations. The study investigates the impact of scrap flow simulation on reducing waste, improving tool life, and enhancing the quality of sheet metal components, ultimately contributing to the advancement of manufacturing processes.
Atención de violencia de género en el marco de las Políticas Públicas Sociales en Rio Gallegos. Características de su implementación.
Authors: Ramírez Sergio Daniel , Peralta Ana María , Bustamente Herna , Pérez Iris , Salazar Débora , Arteaga Marisa , Guaquel Alicia , Martínez Maira
Published: July 2024

La violencia de género como un atentado a los derechos humanos, comienza a dar un paso importante tendiente a la visibilización social e intervención en este tipo de problemática, desde la Declaración y Programa de Acción de Viena. Desde esta declaración se revisó el concepto de violencia, rechazando la idea como algo “privado”, entendiendo que esta y todas las formas de acoso y explotaciones sexuales son incompatibles con la dignidad y la valía de la persona humana. Posteriormente la Convención de Belem do Pará marca los lineamientos fundamentales para el diseño, implementación, coordinación y seguimiento de las leyes y políticas públicas en materia de violencia doméstica y sexual en los países que adhieren a sus postulados, y se constituye un instrumento fundamental.
Para esta consecución los Gobiernos, en los distintos países, deben prestar apoyo en la incorporación de la perspectiva de igualdad de géneros en todas las esferas de política y en todos sus niveles.
En este marco general y desde el Estado Argentino se promulga la Ley Nacional N° 26485 “Ley de protección integral para prevenir, sancionar y erradicar la violencia contra las mujeres en los ámbitos en que desarrollen sus relaciones interpersonales” y Ley Provincial N° 3201 que adhiere a sus postulados. De estas normas se han implementado en distintos organismos según lo requerido en estas leyes. En la ciudad de Rio Gallegos se organiza desde el Poder Judicial la Oficina de Violencia Doméstica (OVD), desde el Poder Ejecutivo en el área de seguridad la Comisaría de la Mujer y de la Familia y de acción social, la Subsecretaria de la Mujer.
Del trabajo de investigación y tras el análisis realizado, se plantean que estos organismos funcionan en base a lo normado en estas leyes, respetando los valores, dinámica, etc. que como organización le es inherente, lo cual da como resultado una forma de atención que provoca determinados resultados en la atención de las personas que realizan la denuncia correspondiente. Son la forma de organización para la atención y los resultados obtenidos se van a describir y analizar en este escrito.
Disputa pelo sertão colonial de uma Amazônia ibérica: o caso das drogas do sertão (séculos XVII e XVIII)
Authors: Pompeu André
Published: July 2024

O presente texto versa sobre o papel central das drogas do sertão no alargamento da fronteira lusitana na Amazônia colonial. Ao longo da época moderna a floresta amazônica se configurou como uma fronteira entre as áreas de influência dos impérios europeus. Apesar de se conformar como uma região de fronteira, as dinâmicas de territorialidade portuguesas acabaram garantindo uma presença mais efetiva dos lusitanos, mesmo em zonas consideradas castelhanas. Essa territorialidade lusitana pode ser entendida a partir da coleta das drogas do sertão, que proporcionou o alargamento dessa fronteira e uma dinâmica socioeconômica entre lusitanos e povos indígenas.
Inventar la república en el reino animal. Las bestias del Llano como protagonistas de la Independencia de la Nueva Granada y Venezuela: 1815-1819
Authors: Spillemaeker Frédéric , Cardenas Herrera John Jairo
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo acude a los aportes metodológicos de la historia de los animales y teóricos del posthumanismo y el post-antropocentrismo. Tiene como objetivo describir y analizar el mundo socioambiental en el que la República de Colombia fraguó su proceso de invención (1815-1819) en la región natural de los Llanos de la Nueva Granada (actual Colombia) y Venezuela. Para ello se estudiarán las relaciones establecidas entre humanos y no humanos que les sirvieron a andinos y llaneros para posicionarse con más fuerza tanto en la conducción de las tropas patriotas como en la construcción de la República de Colombia. Las fuentes primarias consultadas fueron: memorias de los combatientes extranjeros en la guerra de independencia, correspondencia de los militares realistas y correspondencia de militares patriotas. La principal conclusión a la que se llega es que el Reino de la Nueva Granada colapsó gracias a los recursos humanos y del “Reino animal” de la región de los Llanos y del Orinoco del norte de Suramérica, en el que los animales, tanto salvajes como domésticos, fueron protagonistas claves de este proceso.
A Amazónia na história do Novo Mundo: Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira, as “Observações gerais e particulares sobre a classe dos mamíferos” e os povos originários
Authors: Domingues Ângela
Published: July 2024

Como é que os vassalos portugueses pensavam a natureza e a humanidade da Amazónia em finais de Setecentos? Este artigo pretende refletir sobre esta questão, centrando-se no naturalista Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira e na memória intitulada “Observações gerais e particulares sobre a classe dos mamíferos”. Organiza-se em três partes. A primeira refere-se à polémica do Novo Mundo e aos esforços desenvolvidos pelos pensadores europeus para explicar, conceptualizar e classificar a diversidade biológica, social e cultural dos seres humanos e o lugar ocupado pelos povos nativos americanos nas escalas hierarquizadas civilizacionais da humanidade. Na segunda, consideram-se as críticas que criollos e luso-brasileiros fizeram a partir das periferias imperiais às teorias filosófico-científicas sobre a natureza, os habitantes e a história da América em função dos seus conhecimentos e experiências. Na terceira, aborda-se um estudo de caso centrado em Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira e nas observações sobre o homem americano, considerados como exemplos claros de como as elites intelectuais portuguesas estavam informadas e participaram no debate científico.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOKOMPOSIT Fe3O4/TiO2 BERBASIS PASIR BESI SUNGAI BATANGHARI
Authors: Crismeli Crismeli , Nurhidayah Nurhidayah , Restianingsih Tika , Anggraini Rista Mutia , Deswardani Frastica
Published: July 2024

Abstrak
Telah dilakukan penelitian Fe3O4/TiO2 dengan menggunakan variasi perbandingan massa. Nanopartikel Fe3O4 dengan menggunakan metode kopresipitasi dan disintesis dengan TiO2 menggunakan metode solid state reaction. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan massa terhadap pengujian yang dilakukan. Variasi perbandingan massa yang digunakan yaitu 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 dan 1:3. Karakterisasi yang dilakukan, adalah X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Dari hasil XRD diperoleh bahwa penambahan TiO2 tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan terhadap ukuran kristal dan cenderung didominasi oleh fasa TiO2. Hasil Spektrofotometer UV-Vis nilai energi gap Fe3O4 murni, TiO2 murni dan perbandingan massa 1:1 berturut-turut sebesar 3,67 eV, 3,36 eV dan 3,50 eV. Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa Fe3O4 didoping dengan TiO2 akan diperoleh nilai energi gap Fe3O4/ TiO2 berada diantara energi gap Fe3O4 dengan TiO2. Hasil SEM diperoleh morfologi berbentuk bulat dengan persebaran partikel tidak merata sehingga terjadi aglomerasi. Selain itu, diperoleh ukuran partikel Fe3O4, TiO2 dan perbandingan massa 1:1 dengan ukuran rata-rata partikel berturut-turut sebesar 148,006 nm, 184,72 nm dan 181,79 nm.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI KITOSAN BERBASIS CANGKANG LANDAK LAUT SEBAGAI KANDIDAT ABSORBAN LOGAM BERAT
Authors: Rahmaniah Rahmaniah , Isdar Edysul , Rani Sefrilita Risqi Adikaning Rani
Published: July 2024

Penelitian sintesis dan karakterisasi kitosan dari cangkang Landak laut telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode hidrolisis basa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik mutu kitosan cangkang Landak laut yang meliputi kadar abu, kadar air, ketidaklarutan, derajat distilasi dan gugus fungsinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode hidrolisis basa yang terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu deproteinisasi, demineralisasi, deasetilasi dan pigmentasi. Standar yang digunakan untuk mengkarakterisasi mutu kitosan adalah Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI), standar laboratorium Jepang dan Korea. Kadar abu yang diperoleh 1%, kadar air 1%, derajat destilasi 87,6%, dan kelarutan 2% Berdasarkan hasil tersebut ditentukan kadar abu, kadar air, derajat destilasi dan ketidaklarutan.Kitosan dari cangkang Landak laut memenuhi standar mutu SNI, standar laboratorium Jepang, dan standar laboratorium Korea. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian FTIR ditemukan beberapa gugus fungsi seperti OH (3402.68), NH (3402.68), C-H alifatik (2926.71, amina primer N-H (1636.66), CH3 (1421.64), OH (1376.10), CN (1331.39), C-O (1153.91) dan CN streaching (1024.22) yang menunjukkan kecocokan sebagai kandidat material absorben logam berat.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EOS (EQUATION OF STATES) MODELS FOR FITTING ENERGY VERSUS VOLUME DATA IN THERMODYNAMICS
Authors: Bandhaso David , Lukmantoro Arif , Sholihun Sholihun
Published: July 2024

One of the essential aspects of material design research is studying the stability of the model designed. In Thermodynamics, material stability can be expressed by the equation of state (EOS). However, not all EoS will fit with the energy versus volume data from the material being designed. Moreover, if the materials prepared have a unique structure, more factors need to be considered so that the data fitting is carried out more precisely. In this research, a comparative study of 1 mathematical approach (second order polynomial) and 4 EoS (Murnaghan EoS, Birch EoS, Birch EoS, Birch-Murnaghan EoS, and Vinet EoS) was carried out for fitting energy versus volume data on 3D (bulk) and 2D materials. obtained from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This research found that fitting energy versus volume data in 3D material models can be done using second-order polynomials. In contrast, for 2D models, only two EoS fit (Birch-Murnaghan and Vinet). Apart from that, the result is that the Vinet equation of state is an equation that has the smallest tolerance value in the range of 10-4 - 10-10 eV
Governance and Economic Growth: The Mediating Role of FDI Inflows
Authors: Hakim Dani Rahman , Budi Saksono
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Many studies have attempted to examine the effect of governance on economic growth. However, these studies reveal heterogeneities that make it difficult to implement policy. This current study attempts to fill these gaps by employing foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows as a mediating variable. This study employs balanced panel data for the 10 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) between the period of 2000 to 2021. Based on the mediation framework in a random effect model, this study reveals that political stability (PV) and government effectiveness (GE) affect FDI positively. Moreover, this study finds that FDI can mediate the indirect effect of PV and GE on economic growth. However, this study also reveals that the direct effect of GE on economic growth is negative. This implies that ASEAN countries should be practical, effective, and systematic in improving GE to minimise opportunity costs. On the other hand, ASEAN countries should focus on maintaining PV to attract more FDI and encourage economic growth.
Perkembangan Ekonomi Maritim dalam Sosioekonomi Daerah Manjung (1874-1935) The Development of Maritime Economy in the Socioeconomic of Manjung District (1874-1935)
Authors: Shuhaili Ahmad Fadzil Ahmad , Ariffin Khairi
Published: July 2024

This study aims to investigate the development of the maritime economy within the socioeconomic of the Manjung district from 1874 to 1935. The Manjung district, previously known as the Dinding district, was a significant area in the history of trade and maritime activities. Major ports along the Dinding River, Lumut, and Pangkor Island played crucial roles as centers of trade and local socioeconomic development in the Dinding district. This study combines quantitative and qualitative methods to provide a comprehensive understanding. The qualitative method involves document analysis sourced from the National Archives and public higher education institutions in Malaysia, in addition to referencing secondary materials such as history books and journals. Primary sources include Dindings Rural Board, Selangor State Government Secretary, High Commissioner’s Office and the Perak Forest Office. The quantitative method includes statistical data analysis. The findings of the study indicate that the socioeconomic of the Dinding district developed with diverse economic sources, particularly from agriculture, logging, and maritime economic resources. The ports functioned as maritime administrative centers and were pivotal points in the export and import activities of local economic products. In conclusion, the Dinding district contributed to the economic profit of the British under the administration of the Straits Settlements, especially in the maritime economy. The British administrative system regulated the socioeconomic development of the district until it was returned to the Perak State Government in 1935.
Architecture and the Existing Urbanisms: The British Colonial Legacies in Kano, Nigeria, 1909-2000
Authors: A. Nasidi Nadir
Published: July 2024

Hausaland to which Kano belongs had its unique age-long architectural designs rendered in a radial settlement pattern. However, with the British colonial conquest and the enactment of new town planning policies in 1903, a grid pattern of settlement was introduced, especially in the Government Reserved Areas (GRAs). This development further led to the promulgation of the British Township and Public Health Ordinances of 1917, the Housing and Town Planning Acts of 1909, as well as the Town and Country Planning Ordinance of 1946 to enforce not only western architectural housing planning but also to segregate the natives along land-uses, population density and status. Hinging on both primary and secondary sources, this article examines issues revolving around the transformation of architecture and town-planning development in Kano due to British colonial policies, which left lasting legacies in the peoples’ choice of building materials, architectural designs and urbanisation. Emphasis is given to monumental buildings within the ‘traditional’ city and the emergence of British colonial buildings and settlements. Contrary to the notion that the British colonial government had not done anything positive in Africa, this article finds out that it had contributed immensely, especially in developing Kano's ‘traditional’ city and creating modern and rhythmic cities in the continent amidst its existing urbanisms. The article concludes that urban development and planning contributed immensely to the supremacy of the British colonial government over the Emirate, a struggle inherited by the Kano State government.
Penerbitan Filem Melayu di Tanah Melayu, 1930-an hingga 1960-an Production of Malay Films in Malaya, 1930-1960s
Authors: Mazlan Mohd Suhairi , Mohd Rus Ahmad Kamal Ariffin
Published: July 2024

This article aims to look at the role of Malay film production companies in Malaya from the 1930s to the 1960s. This study focuses on two (2) Malay film production companies, namely Malay Film Production (MFP) and Cathay-Keris Film. Movies are the most accessible and understandable source of entertainment. Therefore, the excellence of a publishing company will be measured through the precise level of cooperation between employers, directors and actors. In addition, various movie genres have been successfully produced by these two companies. Among them are genres with political, economic and social themes that coincide with the atmosphere of society in Malaya to be presented to the film audience of the country. This article uses qualitative research methods. Materials and sources are obtained from the National Film Department, National Archives of Malaysia, Universiti Malaya Main Library, Za’ba Universiti Malaya Library and The Que Media Unit, Malaysian National Film Development Corporation (FINAS). The results of the study show that Malay Film Production (MFP) and Cathay-Keris Film have monopolized the Malay film industry in Malaya to the extent that these companies are able to produce great Malay directors and actors. This is proven when the Malay Film Production Company has successfully produced 160 films while the Cathay-Keris Film Company has successfully produced 120 films. Before the establishment of these two companies, there were no Malay directors. After the presence of these companies, Malay directors were born who were educated by foreign directors, especially from India. Among the famous Malay directors are P. Ramlee, Jamil Sulong, Omar Rojik, Hussein Haniff and M. Amin. In contrast to Malay film actors, where it had existed before most of these actors were bangsawan actors who were absorbed into film actors who were eventually able to raise their names until they became known internationally. Among the famous actors such as Kasma Booty, Siti Tanjung Perak, S. Roomai Noor, Salleh Kamil and others.
How the constitution shapes economic governance: Balancing law and economics in post-war countries
Authors: Çerkini Zahir , Podvorica Neshat
Published: July 2024

The Constitution of Kosovo establishes the basis of the country’s political system, the fundamental rights, and the functioning of the economy. Laws in post-communist societies are crucial for creating a reliable legal environment for economic development. This paper explores the role of the Constitution in regulating economic governance and its impact on public-owned enterprises. Also, the aim of this paper is to highlight, through this case resulting from the approach to the economy, the administration of the economy through legal norms. To present such a relationship, the case of Trepça JSC has been examined, analyzing the legal and constitutional regulations within the context of economic development. For a more comprehensive perspective, this case has been analyzed within the context of history, and politics, but not only. It can be concluded that strong state regulation is required to ensure stability, emphasizing the intricate nature of state intervention in the economy within the constitutional framework, as evidenced by constitutional and legal provisions governing public enterprises such as Trepça, with the suggestion of amendments to address regulatory gaps. The paper serves as a foundation for further research into the constitutional and legal regulation of public enterprises and their relationship with the economy. Additionally, it provides a comparative basis for future studies in this field.
Challenges and recommendations for the massification of energy management systems in Colombian industry
Authors: Beltrán Gallego José David , Quintero Ríos Mauricio , López García Dahiana , Carvajal Quintero Sandra Ximena
Published: July 2024

Pollution and environmental deterioration are two problems that have been exacerbated in recent years, encouraged by the dramatic increase in the world's energy consumption, the burning of fossil fuels, and the lack of adequate management of natural resources. The global approach to this problem has been made from different perspectives, where the proposals related to the rational and efficient use of energy highlight. In this sense, this paper identifies the barriers and motivators related to the massification of programs that motivate Energy Efficiency in the Colombian industry, presenting possible proposals for the solution of challenges of the national context.
Analysis of concentration of PM10 on the territory of the city of Sofia (Bulgaria) for the period 2017-2020
Authors: Stefanovа Milena ,   Sofia University ‘’St. Kliment Ohridski’’, Bulgaria
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to examine, analyze and carry out a geospatial analysis of the quality of the atmospheric air and the concentration of PM10 in the city of Sofia for the period 2017-2020. The topic of the atmospheric air quality has been extremely relevant in recent years. The choice of the indicator PM10 is due to the fact that the fine dust particles with a size of 10 microns are one of the biggest air pollutants in the city of Sofia. Official data from the Environment Executive Agency was used for the purpose of the study. Through them, a specialized GIS database was created, with the help of which a geospatial analysis of the atmospheric air quality in the capital was created. Keywords: air quality, PM10, GIS, atmospheric air quality, geospatial analyses
Geospatial analysis of the state of the particulate matter (PM10) indicator for the city of Sofia (Bulgaria)
Authors: Stefanovа Milena ,   Sofia University ‘’St. Kliment Ohridski’’, Bulgaria
Published: July 2024

The current research is focused on an extremely important topic in the last decade, namely, atmospheric air quality. Air quality is the subject of much discussion and attention for several key reasons: human health, environmental implications, climate change, economic challenges, legislation and regulations, and public awareness. Air pollution is a problem both locally and globally in Europe and around the world. Pollutants released into the air in one country can be transported in the atmosphere and affect air quality elsewhere. A large proportion of Europe's population lives in large cities, where levels of ozone, nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter (PM) pollution often exceed permitted levels, posing a serious health risk. The problem of air pollution is particularly pronounced in large cities with intensive traffic, high population concentration and industrial areas. In cities located in hollows, such as Sofia city, air masses are trapped, which makes it difficult to diffuse the pollutants into the atmosphere. Although air quality in Sofia and other European cities has improved, the problem has worsened again in recent years. Keywords: air quality, PM10, GIS, pollution, „AirThings“ project
Utilizing two-point correlation method for microstructure and mechanical evaluation of silicon nitride ceramics
Authors: Grabowski Grzegorz , Grabowy Marek , Wojteczko Agnieszka , Rutkowski Paweł , Pędzich Zbigniew
Published: July 2024

In this article, the impact of microstructure on the mechanical properties of
silicon nitride materials obtained by the liquid-phase sintering method was
investigated. Using image analysis based on the two-point correlation
method, the relationship between the autocorrelation length (ACL) parameter
and the homogeneity of the microstructure and its impact on mechanical
properties were examined. It was shown that lower ACL values, indicating
greater microstructure homogeneity, correlate with better mechanical
properties, such as bending strength, hardness and fracture toughness. The
two-point correlation analysis demonstrated advantages over traditional
microstructural analysis methods, offering efficiency, precision and
automation capabilities, which are crucial for quality control in the
industry.
Effects of different processing parameters on structure of Ba1-xSrxTiO3 powders synthesized via nonhydrolytic sol-gel method
Authors: Jiang Feng , Zheng Entao , Feng Guo , Yang Qing , Jin Wenwei , Shao Chuan , Liu Jianmin , Wang Dahai , Liang Jian
Published: July 2024

The rapid development of miniaturization and refinement of modern electronic
components has led to higher requirements for nanosized powders. The barium
strontium titanate (Ba1-xSrxTiO3, BST) nanopowders with fine grains, uniform
particle size and high purity have broad application prospects. Herein, BST
nanopowders were synthesized via nonhydrolytic sol-gel method and the
effects of different processing parameters on structure were investigated
systematically by using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy,
laser particle size analyser and thermogravimetric mass spectrometry. In the
first step, different dispersants, dispersant concentration and calcination
temperature were selected for synthesis of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 powder to find
optimal conditions. In the second step, these optimal conditions were used
to synthesize BST powders, but different (Ba+Sr)/Ti and Ba/Sr molar ratios
were used to find those that can enable preparation of single phase cubic
perovskite powder. Therefore, this study showed how the processing
parameters can be systematically tuned with the idea to obtain ultra-fine
single phase BST nanoparticles.
The OHStat guidelines for reporting observational studies and clinical trials in oral health research: manuscript checklist
Authors: Best A.M. , Lang T.A. , Greenberg B.L. , Gunsolley J.C. , Ioannidou E. ,   Task Force on Design and Analysis in Oral Health Research
Published: July 2024

Adequate and transparent reporting is necessary for critically appraising published research, yet ample evidence suggests that the design, conduct, analysis, interpretation, and reporting of oral health research could be greatly improved. Accordingly, the Task Force on Design and Analysis in Oral Health Research, statisticians and trialists from academia and industry, identified the minimum information needed to report and evaluate observational studies and clinical trials in oral health: the OHStat guidelines. Drafts were circulated to the editors of 85 oral health journals and to Task Force members and sponsors and discussed at a December 2020 workshop attended by 49 researchers. The guidelines were subsequently revised by the Task Force writing group. The guidelines draw heavily from the Consolidated Standards for Reporting Trials (CONSORT), Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, and CONSORT harms guidelines, and incorporate the SAMPL guidelines for reporting statistics, the CLIP principles for documenting images, and the GRADE indicating the quality of evidence. The guidelines also recommend reporting estimates in clinically meaningful units using confidence intervals, rather than relying on P values. In addition, OHStat introduces seven new guidelines that concern the text itself, such as checking the congruence between abstract and text, structuring the discussion, and listing conclusions to make them more specific. OHStat does not replace other reporting guidelines; it incorporates those most relevant to dental research into a single document. Manuscripts using the OHStat guidelines will provide more information specific to oral health research.
Rational Pharmacotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes: Danish Data From 2002 to 2020 on Mortality, Diabetes- Related Outcomes, Adverse Events, and Medication Expenses
Authors: Johansson Karl Sebastian , Jimenez-Solem Espen , Petersen Tonny Studsgaard , Christensen Mikkel Bring
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Developments in pharmacotherapy and management of type 2 diabetes may have shifted the balance of treatment benefits versus harms and costs over the past decades. This study aimed to describe the trends in this balance.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We followed the Danish population with type 2 diabetes between 2002 and 2020, analyzing their medication use in relation to treatment benefits (such as mortality and diabetes-related outcomes), adverse events, and medication costs. Using multivariate analyses, we adjusted for potential confounders, including age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

RESULTS

The study included 461,805 individuals. From 2002 to 2020, the median age increased from 66 to 68 years, and the mean number of comorbidities increased from 5.2 to 8.8. The overall incidence of cardiovascular, renal, and other important adverse clinical outcomes decreased. Similarly, the rate of some adverse events, such as gastric bleeding, hypoglycemia, and falls declined, whereas the incidence of electrolyte imbalances and ketoacidosis increased. The average per-patient cost was reduced by 8%, but total medication expenses increased by 148% due to an expanding population size, lowered costs of most cardiovascular medications, and increasing costs for glucose-lowering drugs.

CONCLUSIONS

Advancements in type 2 diabetes management have led to reduced risk of both diabetes-related outcomes and treatment harms, while maintaining relatively stable per-patient medication expenses. Although these trends are multifactorial, they suggest more rational pharmacotherapy. Still, increased risk of certain adverse events, along with increasing costs for glucose-lowering medications, underscores the need for ongoing vigilance and risk-benefit analysis.
An in vitro study on the influence of laser-activated irrigation on infiltration and leakage of a dual curing-resin cement as an endodontic sealer
Authors: Marger Laurine , Abdelaziz Marwa , Bella Enrico di , Krejci Ivo , Anton y Otero Clara Isabel
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The study aims to investigate the effects of laser-activated irrigation on infiltration and microleakage of a dual-curing resin cement applied as a root canal sealer.
Methods: Thirty-eight extracted upper molars were attributed to four experimental groups. Roots were mechanically enlarged and disinfected (NaOCl). Control samples (n = 11) were irrigated with conventional needles and three different lasers were used to activate the irrigant in the other groups (n = 9): 2.94 µm Er:YAG laser, 9,300 µm CO2 laser and 808 nm diode laser with a modified black coated laser tip. Final irrigation was performed in each group with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA),  sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl) activated with lasers and in the control without activation.Dentin tubules were then labeled with a red fluorophore (Rhodamine B) and the root canals were sealed with a dual-curing resin cement (Paracore). The cement fixed the dye on the sealed and infiltrated dentin parts. To remove the Rhodamine not fixed by the cement, roots were then sectioned horizontally and immersed in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The empty dentin tubules spaces were then labeled with a green fluorophore (Fluorescein) allowing the visualization of infiltration and microleakage by confocal microscopy.
Results: Percentages of infiltration were significantly higher in the middle root third of the control and Er:YAG laser-activated samples compared to CO2 or diode laser groups. Microleakage was present in all experimental groups but significantly less after CO2 laser activation.
Conclusion: Laser-activated irrigation impacted resin cement infiltration and microleakage dependent on the applied wavelength. Er:YAG laser activation led to higher values of infiltration and microleakage compared to CO2 and diode lasers.
Síndrome disentérico en pacientes pediátricos, diagnóstico y tratamiento
Authors: Ortiz Ortiz Kevin Aldair ,   Investigador Independiente, López Paredes Jennifer Carolina , Arévalo Balcázar Sophia Isabel , Estévez Angulo Andrés Roberto ,   Investigador Independiente,   Investigador Independiente,   Investigador Independiente
Published: July 2024

La disentería definida como diarrea de tipo inflamatoria aguda, con presencia de pus, moco o sangre es una de las principales causas de muerte en niños menores de cinco años, ocupando el segundo lugar a nivel mundial, también es una de las principales razones de hospitalización en niños menores de tres años, el diagnóstico se basa en una historia clínica detallada y una exploración física minuciosa, sin necesidad de realizar pruebas adicionales en la mayoría de los casos. Existe consenso en Europa sobre el manejo adecuado de niños con deshidratación leve a moderada en países desarrollados, basado en los "Seis pilares de la buena práctica" publicados en 2001, El tratamiento consiste en utilizar una solución de rehidratación oral de baja osmolaridad durante 4-6 horas, seguido de una alimentación temprana con una dieta sin restricciones, evitando solo alimentos muy grasos o con alto contenido de azúcares refinados. Aunque algunos nuevos componentes añadidos a la solución de rehidratación oral y ciertos medicamentos pueden tener indicaciones específicas en el tratamiento de la diarrea aguda, se necesita más evidencia para incluirlos de manera generalizada en las guías actuales.
Abordaje terapéutico actual de la leishmaniasis cutánea por Leishmania Braziliensis: Una Revisión Documental
Authors: González Romero uleysi Estefanía ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala Ecuador, Cedeño Sánchez Joel Aldahir , Briones Morales Victor Euclides , González Romero Angélica Alexandra ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala Ecuador,   Universidad Técnica de Machala Ecuador,   Residente del Hospital Teófilo Dávila de Machala, Machala, Ecuador.
Published: July 2024

La Leishmaniasis cutánea causada por Leishmania braziliensis se asocia a lesiones permanentes que pueden evolucionar en un compromiso mucocutáneo o difuso, generando discapacidad y deformidad. Los fármacos empleados en esta patología producen múltiples efectos adversos, complejizando el tratamiento. La presente revisión documental determina los abordajes terapéuticos actuales para la leishmaniosis cutánea causada por Leishmania braziliensis con el fin de identificar las estrategias más efectivas basadas en evidencia para mejorar los resultados clínicos. Se recopilaron estudios de PubMed, LILACS y Redalyc para evaluar la tasa de curación de distintos fármacos contrastando las ventajas y desventajas de forma narrativa. La tasa de curación establecida en el metaanálisis de estudios con IC = 95% fue de: 60.17% para el antimoniales pentavalentes; 71.41% para la miltefosina oral y del 67.18% para la paromomicina. Aun así, el enfoque terapéutico está definido por la gravedad, siendo preferido el uso de métodos sistémicos en cuadros complejos.
From Transgression to Decriminalization: A Path to Promote Legitimacy, Inclusion, and Democracy in Latin America
Authors: Moriconi Marcelo
Published: July 2024

Despite the extensive literature developed and published in recent decades on the causes of crime in Latin America and its solutions, data show that crime is consolidating and growing in the region. This essay warns that one of the crucial errors in much of that literature is the confusion between means and ends. Crime, like democracy,means to an end, and rather than good or bad, means are either effective or ineffective. Researchers have shown that in many Latin American countries, legality, as a categorical imperative and model of life, has lost legitimacy, truthfulness, and effectiveness, and transgression has become an admired value. Crime is closely related to this environment. Instead of debating the quality of democracies, this essay explains the importance of discussing the concept of worthwhile lives and reviewing the scope of legality in Latin America. We suggest that the premise of governing to include is crucially related to the need to redefine the scope of what is legal. And in that debate, the decriminalization of drugs is a central chapter.
A pesar de la extensa literatura desarrollada y publicada en las últimas décadas sobre las causas del crimen en América Latina y sus soluciones, los datos muestran que el crimen se consolida y aumenta en la región. Este ensayo advierte que uno de los graves errores en gran parte de esa literatura es la confusión entre los medios y los fines. El crimen, como la democracia, es un medio para llegar a un fin, y más que buenos o malos, los medios son eficaces o ineficaces. Los investigadores han mostrado que en muchos países latinoamericanos, la legalidad, como imperativo categórico y modelo de vida, ha perdido legitimidad, veracidad y efectividad, y la transgresión se ha convertido en un valor admirado. El aumento del crimen está estrechamente relacionado con este entorno. En lugar de debatir sobre la calidad de las democracias, este ensayo explica la importancia de discutir el concepto de vidas dignas y revisar el alcance de la legalidad en América Latina. Sugerimos que la premisa de gobernar para incluir se relaciona crucialmente con la necesidad de redefinir el alcance de lo que es legal. Y en ese debate, la despenalización de las drogas es un capítulo central.
AI Hub in Latin America Skyrockets Water Crises
Authors: Malamud Marina
Published: July 2024

The Artificial Intelligence revolution is turning its attention toward Latin America. The region features an extraordinary abundance of natural resources paired with a strategic location for the industry, a relatively stable political context, and high demand for investment. This new AI hub could serve as a key factor for geopolitical balance, countering China’s influential investments in infrastructure. Latin American countries also have a unique advantage: they can host the entire AI development, including natural resource extraction, chip manufacturing, data centers, and e-waste facilities. Yet, the environmental impact of unsustainable AI can hinder fragile energy and water public services, quickly leaving multiple communities without basic access. Finding proactive mitigation policies and leveraging local expertise will be key to a long-term realization.
La revolución de la Inteligencia Artificial está fijando su atención en América Latina. La región presenta una extraordinaria abundancia de recursos naturales, junto con una ubicación estratégica para la industria, un contexto político relativamente estable y una alta demanda de inversión. Este nuevo centro de IA podría servir como un factor clave para el equilibrio geopolítico, contrarrestando las influyentes inversiones de China en infraestructura. Los países latinoamericanos también tienen una ventaja única: pueden albergar todo el desarrollo de la IA, desde la extracción de recursos naturales y la fabricación de chips hasta los centros de datos y las instalaciones de desechos electrónicos. Sin embargo, el impacto medioambiental de la IA insostenible puede amenazar la fragilidad de los servicios públicos de energía y agua, dejando pronto a múltiples comunidades sin el acceso básico. Encontrar políticas de mitigación proactivas y aprovechar la experiencia local será clave para una realización a largo plazo.
IMPACTOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS CAUSADOS PELA INSTALAÇÕES DE USINAS HIDRELÉTRICAS BRASILEIRAS: INSIGHTS DE UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Pinheiro Filho Isac Sales , Cardoso Radames Assis Queiroz , Sousa Luzêni Neres de Oliveira , Reis Junior Joaquim Morivaldo dos , Mendes Thiago , Ornelas Neliane Marinho Queiroz , Tonani Flávia Lucila
Published: July 2024

O desenvolvimento sustentável, numa sociedade capitalista, apresenta-se como um horizonte utópico na medida em que a geração de energia, fundamental para o progresso econômico, vem acompanhada de diversos impactos socioambientais no ambiente. Assim, surge avaliar o conteúdo dos estudos sobre inovações tecnológicas e impactos socioambientais da obtenção de energia a partir de hidrelétricas no Brasil disponível nos bancos de dados da Embrapa, uma vez que o baixo quantitativo de revisões em um banco de dados de alta excelência e confiabilidade voltados ao cenário brasileiro, considerando os impactos da principal fonte de energia num contexto de desenvolvimento sustentável, possibilitará o desenvolvimento de novas teorias e problemas de pesquisa na área. Foram recuperados 4 artigos. Os principais impactos observados foram a fragmentação dos rios e habitats, alteração da biodiversidade, impedimento a migração reprodutiva de peixes, retenção de água, nutrientes e sedimentos, e prejuízos a pesca profissional. O presente estudo propõe a realização de pesquisas que colaborem para a intervenção nos problemas identificados.
GESTÃO EM CIDADES A PARTIR DE ANÁLISE MULTICRITÉRIO EM 2024 : ESTUDO DE CASO DA SUB-BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO SERIDÓ - RIO GRANDE DO NORTE – BRASIL
Authors: Silva Danilo Duarte Costa e
Published: July 2024

Recentemente, a discussão sobre a gestão de recursos hídricos em contextos de escassez tem ganhado relevância e impactado diversos setores da sociedade. Dessa forma, a tomada de decisões torna-se cada vez mais delicada, pois envolve pressões frequentemente conflitantes. No Brasil, o estado do Rio Grande do Norte se destaca, entre outros, por ter a maior parte de seu território no semiárido, enfrentando pressões históricas no setor público que demandam medidas rigorosas e coerentes para a gestão de um recurso natural que se torna cada vez mais crucial em períodos de seca severa. Diante dessa realidade, é evidente a necessidade de uma análise que aborde diversos critérios possíveis dentro de um ambiente complexo. Embora existam avanços significativos na utilização de análises multicritério, ainda há uma lacuna na aplicação direcionada para contextos de escassez. Este artigo apresenta a análise e aplicação do método Promethee II como suporte para a gestão de uma sub-bacia em situação de escassez hídrica, com o objetivo de indicar qual cidade deve ser priorizada para intervenções. A metodologia foi aplicada na sub-bacia hidrográfica do Rio Seridó, no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, onde muitos reservatórios estão em uma situação preocupante de escassez. Como resultado, os municípios foram classificados em ordem de prioridade para intervenção da seguinte maneira: Currais Novos (0,13), Caicó (0,26), Parelhas (0,150), Cruzeta (0,46), Parelhas (0,60), Acari (0,53), São José do Seridó (0,73). Dado que a problemática da escassez hídrica se espalha atualmente em escala nacional e internacional, percebe-se que essa metodologia pode ser uma alternativa viável para ser reaplicada em contextos semelhantes ao redor do mundo.
Lesões Traumáticas da Coluna Cervical no Desporto – Epidemiologia (parte 2/2)
Authors: Martins Farinha Pedro ,   Médico Interno de Formação Geral no IPO Coimbra, Lino Moura Diogo ,   Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Serviço de Ortopedia do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra
Published: July 2024

Traumatic cervical spine injuries comprise a range of relatively rare injuries associated with sports, but with the capacity to cause serious long-term sequelae, namely quadriparesis/tetraplegia and even death. Most of the cervical spine injuries that occur to trauma in sports, particularly in collision sports, are considered minor and do not cause major concern for athletes, coaches and family members. However, serious injuries may result in permanent consequences. Therefore, the knowledge of the epidemiology, risk factors, type and injury mechanisms specific to each sport is the fundamental basis for the development of preventive strategies and effective measures that minimize its occurrence as much as possible.
Argumentos soríticos e existência difusa
Authors: Sautter Frank Thomas
Published: July 2024

Proponho uma nova caracterização, simples,  dos argumentos soríticos. Essa caracterização utiliza uma família de predicados auxiliares com os quais caracterizo um quantificador de existência difusa mais fraco do que o quantificador existencial clássico.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM KEAMANAN RUMAH DENGAN FACE RECOGNITION BERBASIS ESP32-CAM
Authors: Pratama Diki Anugrah , Ulum Muhamad Bahrul
Published: July 2024

Crimes and criminal activities continue to occur relentlessly. Criminal actions violate the laws of the state, religious norms, and social standards, resulting in economic and psychological losses. This research proposes the design of a Face Recognition-based security system using ESP32-CAM. This system functions as a facial recognition device and performs facial data verification stored on the ESP32-CAM microcontroller [1]. The system is capable of detecting verified faces and issuing warnings if an unknown face is detected by the ESP32-CAM microcontroller device. The design of this security system utilizes the ESP32-CAM as the microcontroller, an OV2640 camera, and a USB to TTL connection for linking the ESP32-CAM to the computer via the USB port. The design and creation of this device are implemented through the Arduino IDE program and displayed via the WebSocket Arduino ESP32-CAM [2].