bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of an aircraft flight trajectory in the GLONASS dynamic accuracy field
Authors: Skrypnik O. N. , Arefyeva N. G. , Arefyev R. O.
Published: October 2018

Advanced technologies in air traffic management assume the transition to flexible routing based on the use of the satellite navigation systems. However, the accuracy of these systems depends on the location of the navigation satellites in relation to the target object and will vary in the available airspace. Therefore, the designed optimal flight path of the aircraft should be built taking into account the accuracy of its keeping in the variable navigation-time field (accuracy field) of the satellite navigation system. The accuracy field of the satellite navigation systems can be characterized by the geometric factor (spatial, horizontal and vertical). The geometric factor of the satellite navigation system is determined by the relative position of the consumer and the satellites upon which the navigation problem is solved, and is a deterministic value. Due to the orbital motion of satellites and the movement of the consumer, the geometric factor will change in space and time. Knowing the laws of the satellites orbital motion it is possible to calculate the geometric factor for any point in the air space and for any moment of time according to the known almanac of the system. This allows predicting the expected accuracy of the navigation and time determination during the flight on a particular air route. Optimization methods based on the algorithms of A-star and Dijkstra graph theory are chosen for aircraft flight trajectories construction. Mathematical modeling is used for the optimal trajectory construction in the GLONASS dynamic accuracy fields with their various structures in static and dynamic problem setting.
Definition in testing for the probability of exit of the aircraft in informational contact with air objects
Authors: Nikolaev S. V. , Tikhonov A. A. , Merencov D. S.
Published: October 2018

The article presents a methodology for determining the probability of aircraft information contacting airborne objects within flight test procedures. The methodology is based on the experimental-theoretical test method, based on the application of mathematical modeling. The technique differs from the known ones in that it uses modern information technologies, and the adopted mathematical model is implemented in the form of a computer program. In addition, detecting the given performance indicator in flight experiments is inappropriate because of significant resource costs. This technique is suitable for practical testing purposes and allows determining the aircraft efficiency index when searching air objects – the probability of an information contact with a typical air facility. The presented computer program provides the performance of calculations of the output index for different values and combinations of factors influencing the result. The simulation was performed and the probabilities of the aircraft information contact with typical airborne objects under given conditions were obtained. The results of the influence research on the probability of groups of factors outlet into information contact: the aircraft and the air object characteristics, the quality of the initial information about it, search conditions are presented. As a result of the work, the main regularities are established when solving the problem of the aircraft information contact with an air object. The computer program created within the methodology framework has a modern graphical interface and allows reducing the time spent by the researcher on the processing of test results. The developed technique allows performing a comparative assessment of the aircraft capabilities to detect airborne objects in tests.
Well-being, Opportunity, and Selecting for Disability
Authors: Schroeder Andrew
Published: October 2018

In this paper I look at the much-discussed case of disabled parents seeking to conceive (or “selecting for”) disabled children.  I argue that the permissibility of selecting for disability does not depend on the precise impact the disability will have on the child’s wellbeing.  I then turn to an alternative analysis, which argues that the permissibility of selecting for disability depends on the impact that disability will have on the child’s future opportunities.  Nearly all bioethicists who have approached the issue in this way have argued that disabilities like deafness unacceptably constrain a child’s opportunities.  I argue, however, that this conclusion is premature for several reasons.  Most importantly, we don’t have a good way of comparing opportunity sets.  Thus, we can’t conclude that deaf children will grow up to have a constrained set of opportunities relative to hearing children.  I conclude by suggesting that bioethicists and philosophers of disability need to spend more time thinking carefully about the relationship between disability and opportunity.
A Critical Evaluation of English for Informatics ESP Textbook At Department of Informatics and Technology of University of Ma’arif Nahdlatul Ulama (UMNU) Kebumen
Authors: Firharmawan Hastri
Published: October 2018

Having foremost significance in any ESP classroom, course readings are known as one of the most visible parts of any ESP instructing program. Playing a vital part where English is used as an outside dialect, such reading material ought to have a few highlights on which the needs and targets of an ESP teaching program are met. Concerning such a significance, making use of McDonough and Shaw’s (2003) model, this study evaluate fundamentally the current status of the ESP book used in English for informatics at UMNU Kebumen. The evaluation tries:1)to show the significance of ESP materials development as well as evaluation; (2) to present the fundamental drawbacks in the book; and, (3) to show some practical recommendation  and arrangements to handle the noteworthy issues and drawbacks of such ESP textbooks.
The Effectiveness of Using Role-Play to Improve Students’ Speaking Skill at the Tenth Grade Students of State Senior High School Pejagoan, Kebumen 2015/2016 Academic Year.
Authors: Andika Alek
Published: October 2018

The research was pointed to progress the students’ speaking abilities of the tenthof  SMA Negeri 1 Pejagoan by actualizing the role-play technique. It was carried out based on the strategy that had been arrangedsome time recently. The observation was action research. It was conducted in three cycles with one assembly in the to begin with cycle and 2 gatherings in the moment and third cycle. The subjects of this inquire about were 32 students of lesson tenth grade at SMA Negeri 1 Pejagoan. The subjectiveinformation were collected by watching the educating and learning handle, and meeting the students, the instructor and the collaborators. The information were in the shape of field notes, meet transcripts, and photos. In the interim, the quantitative information were collected through evaluating the students’ speakingexecution by comparing the implies of the pretest and posttest. The information were the students’ speaking ability. The strategy of the inquire aboutcomprised of surveillance, arranging, acting, and reflecting. The comes about of this inquire aboutappeared that the utilize of Part Playing procedure was effective to move forward the students’ talkingcapacity. Based on the subjectiveinformation, the utilize of classroom English made a difference the understudies to be more recognizable with English. The lexicon and elocutionhones and part play exhibitionstoomade a difference them to improve their lexiconinformation and construct their exactness.
Power of Sakdiyah Ma’Ruf in Stand-Up Comedy Through Appraisal Approach
Authors: Fatmawati Zahra Rahmi , Cahyono Setyo Prasiyanto , Cahyono Setyo Prasiyanto
Published: October 2018

This thesis is entitled “Power of Sakdiyah Ma’ruf in Stand-Up Comedy through Appraisal Approach”. There are two objectives in this study: to describe the Appraisal system of Attitude and to analyze the realization of power in Sakdiyah Ma’ruf stand-up comedy at TEDxUbud on May 2016. The analysis is based on the theory of appraisal by Martin and White (2005) and critical discourse analysis, especially power by Fairclough (1989). The researcher used descriptive qualitative method to describe the realization of Appraisal’s Attitude and power of each utterances of the written transcription of the video of Sakdiyah Ma’ruf’s stand-up comedy. The researcher found that there are 35 Appraisal system of Attitude which consist of 6 affect (17.14%), 13 judgment (37.14%) and 16 appreciation (45.71%). In terms of gradability, there are 2 low-graded of attitude, 15 medium-graded of attitude and 18 high-graded on. The researcher uses the gradability system of attitude to consider the power of the speaker in her stand-up comedy. Sakdiyah use more than 50% of high-graded attitude which means that she shows herself as a powerful person and has higher position than the hearer.
Premarital sex behaviors of teenagers: a case in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Wijaya Made Kusuma , Giri Made Kurnia Widiastuti , Wahyuni Ni Putu Dewi Sri , Setiawan Komang Hendra
Published: October 2018

This study aims at describing premarital sex behavior as well as to analyze peers impact on premarital sexual behavior of teenagers. The study was conducted in Bali, Indonesia. This is an analytic observational research that applied cross-sectional approach. The subject was 566 teenagers who were studying at Senior High Schools in Buleleng, Bali. Data was collected using a questionnaire. We examined the validity and reliability of the data before analyzed it. We also collected data through interviews. After being analyzed by logistic regression analysis, the data shows that 47% of teenagers have  never watched porn, 35.9% of teenagers have never conducted kissing activity (with their partner), 24.7% of teenagers have never conducted sexuality rub toward their sexual organs, 22.8% of teenagers have ever masturbated, and 13.1% of teenagers have never experienced sexual intercourse. Teenagers who have got the correct information from peers are possible to have better premarital sex behaviors, 2 times greater than those who have not got correct information (OR = 2; p = 0.003). It is also found that teenagers who have got a good emotional relationship with peers are more possible to have better premarital sex behavior life, 3 times greater, than teenagers who have got a less emotional relationship with peers (OR = 3; p = 0.000). It is concluded that, statistically, there is significant influence between peers and premarital sex behaviors of teenagers in Indonesia.
Usability and Sociability of Direct Democracy Projects Based on Online Groups
Authors: Hrckova Andrea
Published: October 2018

Digital media, in particular social media, are often perceived to be changing political participation. In this discourse, the Internet is seen as a new public sphere with promises of increased democratization and access to political information. The younger generation in particular is supposed to have become more politically active thanks to the Web. In this article, the psychological, sociological and technological factors influencing the deliberative participation in virtual communities are being explored to understand some of the reasons for active or passive participation in e-democracy projects based in online groups. Some examples of successful e-democracy activities in Brazil, Germany and Slovakia are also discussed. Finally, the chances for sustainable development of direct democracy projects with the help of new media are presented.
CAUSES OF DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN CHILDREN OF IRKUTSK REGION
Authors: Martynovich N. N. , Tolmacheva O. P. , Khyshova V. A.
Published: October 2018

Background. Immune thrombocytopenia in children is not a rare disease. Currently, this diagnosis is found in 2 times more often than 5-10 years ago. Acute immune thrombocytopenia is increasingly taking on a chronic course. Aims. At present, it is impossible to predict the outcome of the disease. But the chronic course of the disease significantly reduces the quality of life of children and their parents. The purpose of the study is to determine the likely causes of the development and chronicity of the disease. Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 433 case histories of the cancer department of the Regional Children’s Hospital in Irkutsk was conducted. Statistical processing of the received data was carried out with the help of the Matlab program and statistical package “Statistica 6.0”. Results. The main trigger factor is ARVI and vaccination against poliomyelitis. Sensitization to herpes viruses can be a provoking factor in the development of the disease when re-encountering the virus. The brighter the clinic, the more children receive immunoglobulin treatment and the disease often ends with complete recovery. Children with minimal clinical manifestations are treated with hormones and more often the disease passes into a chronic form. Conclusion. If the child is discharged from the hospital with only a clinical improvement, then there is a greater likelihood of a chronic process.
MARKER INDICATORS OF DEGENERATIVE-DYSTROPHIC PROCESSES OF THE SPINE, PELVIS AND HIP JOINTS OF DYSPLASTIC GENESIS
Authors: Koshkareva Z. V. , Negreeva M. B.
Published: October 2018

Degenerative and dystrophic diseases of the spine, pelvis and hip joints are considered as a single pathogenetically conditioned process with an interdependent condition. The significance of the problem is determined by the high incidence of spinal and hip dysplasia, the syndrome of mutual burdening, the diversity and polymorphism of clinical manifestations, the growth of disability, the difficulties of diagnosis and treatment. Questions remain about the root cause of the occurrence of combined lesions, their mutual influence. The aim of the work was to identify the most common, diagnostic, pathognomonic signs of dysplastic syndrome. The patients were examined according to a single diagnostic algorithm, including clinical and neurological examination, plain radiograph of the pelvis; spondylography, MSCT, MRI of the lumbar and lumbosacral spine; study of the locomotion act of walking, anthropometric measurements; statistical methods. We analyzed the results of treatment of 39 patients (26 women and 13 men; mean age – 53 years) with dysplastic syndrome including degenerative-dystrophic changes in the spine, pelvis and hip joints. The most common diagnostic signs of combined degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the spine and pelvis have been established, among which pain syndrome, noted in varying degrees in all patients. The established diagnostic indices, supplementing existing knowledge of the problem studied, will allow to specify diagnostics and optimize the treatment of combined degenerative-dystrophic diseases of dysplastic genesis.
EVIDENCES ABOUT HUMAN TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS IN CUBA
Authors: Rodríguez I. , Noda A. A. , Fuentes O. , Lienhard R. , Gern L.
Published: October 2018

Serosurveys for IgG antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in a population exposed to tick bites (n = 247) and blood donors (n = 114) were done to assess the prevalence of tick-borne infections in. Seroprevalence of antiborrelial IgG antibodies was estimated in 0.6–7.2 % and 0 % of risk population and blood donors, respectively. While previous expositions to A. phagocytophilum (7.2 %), E. chaffensis (3.6 %) and B. microti (11.5 %) were serologically detected. These reports suggest the presence of tick-borne pathogens in Cuba, nonetheless lacking of further accurate information strongly calls to the need of more deeply studies. Cuba
DETECTION OF GENETIC DETERMINANTS OF PATHOGENICITY OF STRAINS OF KLEBSIELLA SPP. ISOLATED FROM THE INTESTINAL BIOTOPE OF CHILDREN WITH FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS
Authors: Grigorova E. V. , Rychkova L. V. , Ivanova E. I. , Nemchenko U. M. , Savelkaeva M. V.
Published: October 2018

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are one of the most common problems in children of the first year of life. The aim of the study was to assess the pathogenic potential of Klebsiella spp. strains, isolated from the colon in children of the first year of life with FGID. Material for the study included 61 coprological samples. The biological material was divided into comparison groups, depending on the type of Klebsiella excreted at a concentration of 105–108 CFU/g: 1st – with vegetation in the colon K. pneumoniae (n = 30); 2nd – with vegetation K. oxytoca (n = 31). Bacteriological study composition of the intestinal contents was carried out according to the Industry standard “Protocol of management of patients. Intestinal dysbiosis” (2003). Identification was carried out according to generally accepted schemes using commercial test systems for biochemical identification of bacteria. Statistical data processing was performed using licensed applications “MS Office Excel 2003 for Windows 7”. The data on the quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition microbiota in the comparison groups were obtained. The results of detection genetic determinants of pathogenicity in the samples of Klebsiella of two species show that among the strains of Klebsiella spp., vegetating in the intestines of children as a component of an allochthonous microbiota, a sufficiently high and virulent potential can be concentrated. Detection of pathogenicity genes in bacteria of the genus Klebsiella will expand and deepen the problem of finding the structures of adaptation of strains of bacteria that cause FGID in children of the first year of life.
Sistem Informasi Geografis Rumah Sakit di Kota Bandar Lampung Berbasis Web
Authors: Nurjoko Nurjoko
Published: October 2018

Bandar Lampung adalah kota dengan jumlah rumah sakit sebanyak 16 unit dan puskesmas sebanyak 30 unit. Pada kenyataannya kondisi sistem informasi tentang fasilitas kesehatan khususnya di kota Bandar Lampung belum dapat diakses oleh masyarakat umum secara cepat, tepat dan akurat, hal ini disebabkan belum adanya sistem informasi tentang fasilitas kesehatan yang ada di Kota Bandar Lampung yang terinventarisasi dalam sebuah sistem informasi online yang berbasis spasial, data-data pemetaan fasilitas kesehatan tersebut masih berbentuk manual dan belum terkomputerisasi. Dalam penelitian ini, perancangan sistem informasi geografis ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Unified Software Development Process (USDP) yang terdiri dari 4 tahap, yaitu tahap Perancanaan (Planning), Analisis (Analysis), Perancangan (Desaign), dan tahap Implementasi (Implementation). Website Sistem Informasi Geografis Fasilitas Kesehatan di kota Bandar Lampung dapat membantu dan memudahkan masyarakat untuk menemukan lokasi dan informasi terkait rumah sakit dan puskesmas yang ada di kota Bandar Lampung dengan menampilkan data spasial dan data non spasial dari rumah sakit dan puskesmas. Website ini dapat menunjukan rute menuju fasilitas kesehatan yang dituju dari posisi pengguna berada. Kata Kunci : Sistem Informasi Geografis, Fasilitas Kesehatan, Unified Software Development Process (USDP)
Los problemas del objeto de la retórica
Authors: Martínez de la Escalera Ana María
Published: October 2018

Los artículos que presentamos en este número de Estudios del discurso pueden considerarse una contribución al debate en el ámbito del análisis del discurso político que establece distinciones entre la capacidad semántica del lenguaje y su fuerza social. Estos estudios lo hacen de manera muy particular.Por una lado, hacen esa separación pero luego la recuperan para establecer que la significación organiza también el mundo de la experiencia. Hace ya tiempo que muchos estudios en este ámbito académico pueden considerarse como crítica y recuperación del “signo lingüístico” cuyas primera irrupciones teóricas pueden remontarse a Saussure.
¿Hay un objeto de la retórica? La fuerza del discurso y la nueva retórica
Authors: Martínez de la Escalera Ana María
Published: October 2018

En este artículo, cuestionamos el objeto de la retórica. La retórica es un saber humanístico y crítico desde hace veintiséis siglos. Su interés ha sido el discurso en lugar de la dimensión de la proposición. Hoy, renueva su proceder crítico al introducir el concepto de fuerza del discurso para pensar el estatus y valor de las humanidades, para encarar la dimensión histórico-social del discurso, es decir su hacer-decir pragmático. Esta propiedad o condición material moldea la subjetividad y el mundo de las relaciones sociales, permitiéndonos reflexionar sobre el cambio y, en cierto sentido muy determinado, llevándolo a cabo.
Protestar en México (primeras reflexiones para un vocabulario teológico-político contra-hegemónico)
Authors: Rabinovich Silvana
Published: October 2018

Partiendo de una anécdota sobre los distintos sentidos que en México tiene el verbo “protestar”, el presente texto señala su ubicación en la encrucijada de lo teológico y lo político. De allí, se aborda la relación entre teología y política en dos autores divergentes: Carl Schmitt (contrarrevolucionario) y Jacob Taubes (revolucionario). A partir de este último, y tomando en cuenta ciertas protestas en México que se asumen tanto en la dimensión teológica como en la política, se proponen unas primeras reflexiones para pensar un posible vocabulario teológico-político contra-hegemónico.
The effects of the increased doses of leonardite applications on the content of some macro and micro nutrient elements of pak choi (Brassica rapa L. subsp. var. Chinensis L.) plant
Authors: ADİLOGLU Aydin , ERYİLMAZ ACİKGOZ Funda , SOLMAZ Yusuf , KARAMAN M. Rüştü
Published: October 2018

The present

research has been contented to determine the effects of the increased leonardite

application on the some macro and micro nutrient elements of pak choi (Brassica

rapa L. subsp. var. Chinensis L.)

plant. The research was designed as 3 replications according to the randomized

block experimental design. Leonardite was applied to the parcels with 4 doses

and as the 1st dose: 0 ppm m-2, the 2nd dose:

60 ppm m-2, the 3rd dose: 120 ppm m-2and the 4th

dose: 150 ppm m-2. According to research results, the total N content of the plant samples were determined of 5.43 %, 5.58

%, 5.69 %, and

5.73 % for four leonardite doses respectively. The contents were determined as P (0.40 %, 0.42 %, 0.41

%, 0.41 %); K (5.49 %, 5.73 %, 5.83

%, 6.01 %); Ca (1.85 %, 1.91 %, 2.06

%, 2.29 %); Mg (0.12 %, 0.13 %,

0.13 %, 0.14 %);

and S (3.39 %, 4.65 %, 4.83 %,

4.84 %) and some micro elements

contents were obtained as Fe

(96, 110, 112, 120 mgkg-1); Cu

(5, 8, 18, 24 mgkg-1); Mn

(12, 16, 22, 94 mgkg-1); and Zn

(32, 34, 36, 37 mgkg-1) for four doses, respectively.

According to the results, the effects

of the increasing doses of the leonardite application on some macro and micro

nutrient elements contents of pak choi plant were determined statistically

significant. These increases were found to be significant at the level of 5 %

statistical degree, except P and Mg nutrient elements.
EFL Teachers and Students' Perceptions of Enacting "Teacher-in-role"
Authors: Fatimah Sitti
Published: October 2018

Teacher-in-role is an element of process drama used in teaching learning processes. This article reports on research findings about EFL teacher and student participants’ perceptions of teacher-in-role after the implementation of ‘Mantle of the Expert’ (MoE), a drama-based teaching approach, in Indonesian high schools. The findings demonstrate positive impacts on students and teachers’ experiences during English instruction. Through a multi-case study I discovered that the teachers who took on a role (teacher-in-role) expressed excitement and indicated a new nuance in their teaching practices. I also found that the majority of students from two groups enjoyed teacher-in-role and viewed it as the technique to promote teaching and learning process as revealed in their responses to questionnaire. Despite few teacher-in-role trials conducted during the MoE implementation, both teacher and student participants preferred that this teacher-student collaboration in teaching and learning processes should be more frequently practiced.
Olahraga Upaya Preventif Osteoporosis Dini
Authors: Lesmana Heru Syarli , Broto Endang Pati
Published: October 2018

Osteoporosis adalah salah satu bentuk kelainan pada tulang yang ditandai dengan menurunnya massa dan kepadatan tulang secara keseluruhan disertai dengan rusaknya arsitektur tulang yang berakibat menurunnya kekuatan tulang. Tulang merupakan jaringan kompleks yang terdiri atas sel dan matriks. Tulang mengalami dinamika penambahan dan pengurangan melalui proses remodeling (matrik tulang diserap dan dibentuk lagi). Sel yang berperan membentuk tulang adalah osteoblas dan sel yang berperan menyerap tulang adalah osteoklas. Olahraga merupakan salah satu stressor fisik yang dapat mempengaruhi komposisi tulang. Olahraga mendorong perubahan remodeling dengan meningkatkan pembentukan tulang oleh osteoblas tulang melalui efek langsung dan tidak langsung. Efek langsung melalui kekuatan mekanik (mechanic force) sedangkan efek tidak langsung melalui faktor hormonal. Meningkatnya pembentukan tulang oleh osteoblast akan meningkatkan kepadatan tulang sehingga menghindari resiko osteoporosis dini
An Integrative Framework to Test Purity Motivations in Environmental Behavior
Authors: Sachdeva Sonya , Boghrati Reihane , Dehghani Morteza
Published: October 2018

Environmental issues are often discussed in purity-related terms. For instance, pollution, contamination, toxicity, and degradation are all concepts that can evoke notions of (im)purity in an environmental context. In this paper, we assess the efficacy of purity-based norms as drivers of environmental behavior. First, using a social media-based environmental cleanup campaign as a test case, we find that purity based norms, increase participation in the campaign. We then replicate and extend these findings in three behavioral experiments, finding that the effects of purity on environmental behavior are strongest for people who are more deeply connected with an in-group. Using an integrative approach to combine computational linguistics with behavioral experiments, we find that purity-based norms can be powerful motivators of environmental behavior, particularly if they emphasize the relation to group identity.
Sleep Reactivity and Psychological Health in Normal Sleepers: the moderating role of stress
Authors: Ellis Jason G. , Allen Sarah , Perlis Michael , Grandner Michael , Gardani Maria , Espie Colin
Published: October 2018

The aim of the present study was to determine whether normal sleepers with vulnerability to insomnia, via high sleep reactivity, demonstrate more sleep-related dysfunctional cognitions and behaviours and poorer psychological health compared to those who are not vulnerable. Further, the influence of stress on the relationship between sleep reactivity and psychological health was also examined. A cross-sectional survey of 737 young adult ‘normal’ sleepers from the general population was undertaken. Results indicated normal sleepers vulnerable to insomnia demonstrated more sleep-related dysfunctional cognitions and behaviours as well as poorer psychological health compared to those not vulnerable. Furthermore, the relationship between sleep reactivity and psychological health was moderated by perceived stress over the previous month and life events over the previous year. Therefore, identifying and supporting those who are vulnerable to insomnia may be a fruitful avenue for preventative public health campaign to mitigate both insomnia and poor psychological health.
Structural differences in the semantic networks of younger and older adults
Authors: Wulff Dirk U. , Hills Thomas , Mata Rui
Published: October 2018

Cognitive science invokes semantic networks to explain diverse phenomena, from memory retrieval to creativity. Research in these areas often assumes a single underlying semantic network that is shared across individuals. Yet, recent evidence suggests that content, size, and connectivity of semantic networks are experience-dependent, implying sizable individual and age-related differences. Here, we investigate individual and age differences in the semantic networks of younger and older adults by deriving semantic networks from both fluency and similarity rating tasks. Crucially, we use a mega-study approach to obtain thousands of sim- ilarity ratings per individual to allow us to capture the characteristics of individual semantic networks. We find that older adults possess lexical networks with smaller average degree and longer path lengths relative to those of younger adults, with older adults showing less inter- individual agreement and thus more unique lexical representations relative to younger adults. Furthermore, this approach shows that individual and age differences are not evenly distributed but, rather, are related to weakly-connected, peripheral parts of the networks. All in all, these results reveal the inter-individual differences in both the content and structure of semantic net- works which may accumulate across the life span as a function of idiosyncratic experiences.
Body Odor Disgust sensitivity predicts stronger moral harshness towards moral violations of purity.
Authors: Liuzza Marco Tullio , Olofsson Jonas , Cancino-Montecinos Sebastian , Lindholm Torun
Published: October 2018

Detecting pathogen threats and avoiding disease is fundamental to human survival. The Behavioral Immune System (BIS) framework outlines a set of psychological functions that may have evolved for this purpose. Disgust is a core emotion that plays a pivotal role in the BIS, as it activates the behavioral avoidance motives that prevent people from being in contact with pathogens. To date, there has been little agreement on how disgust sensitivity might underlie moral judgments. Here, we investigated moral violations of “purity” (assumed to elicit disgust) and violations of “harm” (assumed to elicit anger). We hypothesized that individual differences in BIS-related traits would be associated with greater disgust (vs. anger) reactivity to, and greater condemnation of purity (vs. harm) violations. The study was pre-registered (https://osf.io/57nm8/). Participants (N = 632) had to rate scenarios concerning moral wrongness or inappropriateness and regarding disgust and anger. To measure individual differences in the activation of the BIS, we used our recently developed Body Odor Disgust Scale (BODS), a BIS-related trait measure that assesses individual differences in feeling disgusted by body odors. In line with our predictions, we found that scores on the BODS relate more strongly to affective reactions to Purity, as compared to Harm, violations. In addition, BODS relates more strongly to Moral condemnation than to perceived Inappropriateness of an action, and to the condemnation of Purity violations as compared to Harm violations. These results suggest that the BIS is involved in moral judgment, although to some extent this role seems to be specific for violations of “moral purity”, a concept that might be rooted in disease avoidance. Data and scripts to analyze the data are available on the Open Science Framework (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/tk4x5/. Planned analyses are available at https://osf.io/x6g3u/
The Origins of the Division of Labor in Pre-Industrial Times
Authors: Depetris-Chauvin Emilio , Özak Ömer
Published: October 2018

This research explores the historical roots of the division of labor in pre-modern societies. Exploiting a variety of identification strategies and a novel ethnic level dataset combining geocoded ethnographic, linguistic and genetic data, it shows that higher levels of intra-ethnic diversity were conducive to economic specialization in the pre-modern era. The findings are robust to a host of geographical, institutional, cultural and historical confounders, and suggest that variation in intra-ethnic diversity is a key predictor of the division of labor in pre-modern times.
Genitourinary fistulas experience in a tertiary hospital in North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Hassan Mairo , Awosan Kehinde Joseph
Published: October 2018

Background: Genitourinary fistulas are devastating, with obstetric fistula being the most common type and a major public health problem in the developing world.Aims and Objectives: This study was designed with an aim to determine the epidemiology of genitourinary fistulas in our centre.Materials and Methods: A 5 year (1st January 2013 to 31st December 2017) retrospective review based on data extracted from the case files of patients managed for gynecological fistulas at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto, North-Western Nigeria, was conducted. A proforma was used to extract data on the research variables. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24 computer statistical software package.Results: A total of 52 patients with genitourinary fistulas were managed in the period under review. The mean age of the patients was 28.25 ± 10.0 years, and majority of them (65.4%) were aged less than 30 years. Most of them (94.2%) had no formal education, and were full-time housewives (98.1%). Majority of the fistulas (69.2%) were due to prolonged obstructed labor, and close to a quarter of fistulas (23.1%) were of iatrogenic origin. About a third of patients (32.7%) have had at least a previous fistula repair. Most of them (92.3%) had surgical repair done, and it was successful in 65.4% of cases.Conclusion: Although, the genitourinary fistulas in this study were majorly of obstetric origin, a relatively high proportion of cases were of iatrogenic origin. Government should provide universal access to timely and appropriate obstetric care, and also empower women.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 31-36
AN INTEGRAL TYPE COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREM IN DISLOCATED METRIC SPACE
Authors: Panthi Dinesh
Published: October 2018

In this article, we establish a common fixed point theorem for two pairs of weakly compatible mappings with common limit range property in dislocated metric space.Mathematics Subject Classification: 47H10, 54H25Kathmandu UniversityJournal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyVol. 12, No. 2, 2016, page: 60-70
CHARACTERIZATION OF UJOGBA CLAY DEPOSITS IN EDO STATE, NIGERIA FOR REFRACTORY APPLICATIONS
Authors: Elakhame Z , Bello S. A. , Agunsoye J. O. , Patric I. , Otitoju O.
Published: October 2018

Ujogba clay deposits in Esan Land, Edo State of Nigeria were characterized for refractory and other applications. The characteristics investigated were mineralogical composition, chemical composition, linear shrinkage, apparent porosity, bulk density, cold crushing strength and density. The physical property tests were carried out in accordance with ASTM C71. Results obtained showed that the Ujogba clays are largely kaolinite and chemically composed of mainly silica (68.93 %) and alumina (24.61 %). These oxides appreciated to 71.04 % (silica) and 19.63 % (alumina) in the fired product; yet the ratio of alumina to silica remained unchanged. The physical property such as refractory property examination confirmed that the clays belong to the fireclay class and are useful for refractory and ceramic applications. Kathmandu UniversityJournal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyVol. 12, No. 2, 2016, page: 71-82
Podrška i pomoć obiteljima djece s teškoćama u razvoju
Authors: Lakatoš Mia , Vejmelka Lucija
Published: October 2018

Therapy dogs, which play a central role in animal-assisted therapy, are trained to support daily activities and promote development of children and young people with disabilities. This qualitative study involved semi structured interviews in September 2016 with seven parents of children with disabilities who use therapy dogs. The interview, which was designed specifically for the purposes of this study, collected data on the types of social support and assistance that the therapy dogs provided, as well as the challenges that the use of such dogs presented. Thematic analysis of the interviews showed that therapy dogs provide instrumental and emotional social support as well as other types of assistance to families, and that the greatest challenges to using such dogs are taking care of them and dealing with lack of information about therapy dogs among users and the general public.
Akustičke značajke vokalnoga zamora
Authors: Kovačić Gordana , Farago Emica
Published: October 2018

Vocal fatigue is characterized by self-perceived increased laryngeal strain and voice quality changes. The condition can have organic or/and functional causes. Typically, it affects vocal professionals, and teachers are most numerous among them. Despite great number of studies, many questions about vocal fatigue such as its acoustic characterstics are still open. The hypothesis of the present study conducted on female teachers was that there are significant differences in acoustic variables between vocally fatigued teachers (N=23) and teachers without it (N=27). Running speech and prolonged phonation of the vowel /a/ were analyzed in PRAAT software calculating the long-term average speech spectrum LTASS and harmonic spectrum. The average speech F0 and series of spectral variables were calculated: the strength of the strongest spectral peak L0, the α ratio of the level difference above and bellow 1 kHz for the 0-5 kHz range analyzed, and the variables Δ1, Δ2, Δ3 and Δ4 showing the ratios of the respective spectral energy bands of 1-2 kHz, 2-3 kHz, 3-4 kHz and 4-5 kHz relative to the 0-1 kHz reference. The average H1/H2 ratio based on harmonic spectrum of three samples of the prolonged vowel /a/ production was calculated as well. The hypothesis was tested by multivariate and univariate analyzes of variance and discriminant analysis. The results showed that there are no significant differences in the set of acoustic variables between the two teacher groups, thus the hypothesis was rejected. However, the average speech F0 showed to be strong single discriminator. Its mean value in the group of teachers with vocal fatigue, that is 176 Hz, suggests dysfunction. Several factors may explain the absence of acoustic differences between the two groups, one of the most compelling of which is the fact that both groups reported similar numbers of subjective vocal and physical complaints. The results confirm the complex phenomenology of vocal fatigue syndrome, and suggest that acoustic analysis may have limited power to detect it.
Iskustva majki djece s dijagnozom Williamsovog sindroma
Authors: Milić Babić Marina , Jović Katarina , Napan Ksenija
Published: October 2018

Williams syndrome is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder, and the present study aimed to gain insights into the life experiences of affected children and the support available to them. This qualitative study is the first to explore the experiences of mothers of children with Williams syndrome in Croatia, which is home to 11 such children based on unofficial data. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews showed that mothers experienced in increase in emotional connection and intimacy among family members after the birth of the affected child, and that they received support from their husbands, other family members and other parents of affected children. At the same time, the mothers reported difficulties such as adjusting and harmonizing life roles, social isolation, lack of understanding from other people and daily care for the child. These findings may encourage and guide future research on improving the quality of life of children and adults suffering from rare diseases.
Starost i starenje u zrcalu duhovnosti
Authors: Štambuk Ana
Published: October 2018

U radu je prikazana duhovnost kao područje koje sve više zauzima prostor u radu sa starijim osobama kako u zdravstvenoj tako i socijalnoj skrbi. U teorijama starenja rijetko se spominje duhovno i duhovnost. U teoriji psihosocijalnog razvoja duhovnost se može prepoznati u devetoj fazi, odnosno fazi gerotranscendencije. Prihvaćanje vlastite nemoći ili ovisnosti može biti izvor rasta, odnosno prilika za razvijanje duhovnih kvaliteta (strpljenja, zahvalnosti, užitka u malim stvarima, zadovoljstva što postojim i živim), ali se također pruža nova prilika revrednovanja cjelokupnog života kroz davanje novog smisla svemu proživljenom. Prema razvojnoj teoriji pozitivnog starenja, osobe koje stare postupno se primiču meta-perspektivi, odnosno iz osjetne, opipljive, vidljive i materijalne vizije života i svijeta idu prema kozmičko-transcendentnoj viziji. Ukazano je na potrebu edukacije profesionalaca koji rade sa starijim osobama o važnosti prepoznavanja duhovnih potreba.
„Nekad su mi znali reći da nisam bolja od svog sina“ - stigma obitelji temeljem intelektualnih teškoća člana obitelji
Authors: Buljevac Marko , Leutar Zdravka
Published: October 2018

Rad se bavi stigmom obitelji temeljem intelektualnih teškoća člana obitelji. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je dobiti uvid u perspektive članova uže obitelji osoba s različitim stupnjem intelektualnih teškoća o stigmi obitelji temeljem intelektualnih teškoća. Istraživačko pitanje bilo je: „Kako članovi obitelji osoba s intelektualnim teškoćama doživljavaju stigmu obitelji?“. Sudionici istraživanja bile se 22 osobe koje su članovi uže obitelji osoba s različitim stupnjem intelektualnih teškoća (10 majki, 3 oca, 2 sestre, 5 braće, 1 baka i 1 djed). Svi žive na području Grada Zagreba. Članovi njihovih obitelji s intelektualnim teškoćama su članovi ili korisnici udruga ili ustanova za osobe s intelektualnim teškoćama. U istraživanju se koristio kvalitativni pristup i metoda polustrukturiranog intervjua. Podaci su obrađeni interpretativnom fenomenološkom analizom. Dobiveni rezultati upućuju na stigmu obitelji koja se očituje kao: sažaljenje, okrivljavanje majki, braća i sestre koji trebaju preuzeti skrb za člana s intelektualnim teškoćama, omalovažavanje članova obitelji zbog člana s intelektualnim teškoćama, diskriminacija na radnom mjestu majki te život članova obitelji u izolaciji. Dobiveni rezultati su u skladu s ranijim istraživanjima s određenim specifičnostima upravo ovog istraživanja koje se odnose na gubitak statusa u društvu svih članova obitelji i umanjivanje njihove vrijednosti u socijalnim interakcijama. Za zaključiti je da stigma obitelji oblik boli i samoće.
CroDA
Authors: Kuvač Kraljević Jelena , Hržica Gordana , Lice Karolina
Published: October 2018

Rad opisuje postupak prikupljanja podataka i transkripciju upotrijebljenu u razvoju Hrvatskog diskursnog korpusa govornika s afazijom razvijenog u sklopu projekta Adult Language Processing (HRZZ-2421-UIP-11-2013) i dostupnog od 2017. kao dio AphasiaBank - baze multimedijalne interakcije za proučavanje komunikacije među govornicima s afazijom. U skladu s protokolom AphasiaBanka uzorkovani su diskursi na temelju četiriju zadataka: pripovijedanja osobne priče, opisa slike, prepričavanja priče i proceduralnog diskursa. Snimljeni govorni uzorci transkribirani su u skladu s Codes for Human Analysis of Transcripts (CHAT). CroDA, kao prvi diskursni korpus govornika s afazijom u hrvatskom može dati nove uvide u specifična jezična obilježja diskursne proizvodnje govornika s afazijom i poslužiti kao korisni izvor za kvantitativne i kvalitativne analize.
Uloga empatije u odnosu inteligencije i kriminalnog recidivizma
Authors: Lotar Rihtarić Martina , Vrselja Ivana , Badurina-Sertić Đulijana
Published: October 2018

Brojni istraživači (npr. Farrington, 2003; Joliffe i Farrington, 2004) navode kako je potrebno bolje proučiti mehanizam povezanosti empatije i činjenja kaznenih djela, pri čemu nude nekoliko objašnjenja istoga. Jedno od njih se temelji na rezultatima sustavnog pregleda istraživanja odnosa empatije i činjenja kaznenih djela, autora Joliffea i Farringtona (2004). Prema ovim autorima, postoji mogućnost da empatija posreduje u odnosu između nekog drugog rizičnog čimbenika i činjenja kaznenih djela, a njihov pregled istraživanja je pokazao da je inteligencija jedan od tih rizičnih čimbenika. Prema tome, kako bismo bolje razumjeli odnos između inteligencije, empatije i kriminalnog recidivizma, cilj ovog rada bio je provjeriti posreduje li empatija u odnosu između inteligencije i kriminalnog recidivizma. Pretpostavilo se da će niža inteligencija predvidjeti izraženiji kriminalni recidivizam samo neizravno, preko smanjene empatije. Uzorak se sastoji od svih muških zatvorenika (N=1600) koji su u 2013. godini ušli u zatvorski sustav u Republici Hrvatskoj, a sa zatvorskom kaznom duljom od 6 mjeseci. Prosječna dob zatvorenika bila je 39 godina (SD=11,79), a prosječno trajanje zatvorske kazne iznosilo je 27 mjeseci (SD=34,39). Svi zatvorenici su tijekom 2013. u Centru za dijagnostiku u Zagrebu bili na psihodijagnostičkom testiranju. Za potrebe rada, korišteni su podatci o kriminalnom recidivizmu, inteligenciji te empatiji, ali i o crtama ličnosti koje su služile kao kontrola. Kriminalni recidivizam mjeren je ukupnim brojem zatvorskih kazni, inteligencija s Beta testom, empatija sa subskalom empatije iz Eysenckovog upitnika impulzivnosti (IVE), dok su crte ličnosti (psihoticizam, ekstraverzija i neuroticizam) mjerene revidiranim Eysenckovim upitnikom ličnosti. Rezultati medijacijske analize provedene u PROCESS makrou za SPSS (Hayes, 2012) su pokazali da ne postoji značajan izravan učinak inteligencije na kriminalni recidivizam, ali da postoji značajan neizravni učinak niže inteligencije na izraženiji kriminalni recidivizam preko smanjene empatije. Dobiveni nalazi razmatrani su iz teorijske i praktične perspektive.
“Connect through colour, get closer through pictures”- art therapy in the protection and improvement of mental health of children and young people with developmental difficulties
Authors: Parać Zvonimir , Grbić Mirela , Ključević Željko , Pavlović Žana , Pivac Dunja , Ursić Josipa
Published: October 2018

U ovom radu prikazuje se korištenje art-terapije u svrhu očuvanja i unapređenja mentalnog zdravlja djece i mladih s teškoćama. Stigmatizacija s kojom se često susreću narušava njihovo mentalno zdravlje dok uspješna socijalna integracija djeluje kao zaštitni faktor u očuvanju i unapređenju mentalnog zdravlja. S tim ciljem proveden je projekt “Poveži se bojom, približi se slikom” u kojem su sudjelovala djeca i mladi s teškoćama, kao i njihovi vršnjaci tipičnog razvoja. U sklopu projekta provedeno je istraživanje čiji je cilj bio ispitati uspješnost metode art-terapije kao načina senzibilizacije djece i mladih, učenika osnovnih i srednjih škola, za potrebe i mogućnosti osoba s teškoćama te poticanja inkluzivnog promišljanja i djelovanja. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 359 učenika/učenica s područja Splitsko-dalmatinske županije, ujedno i sudionika/-ica projekta. Korišten je anketni upitnik koji se sastojao od pitanja otvorenog i zatvorenog tipa te su prikupljeni i analizirani kvalitativni i kvantitativni podaci. Rezultati su pokazali da art-terapija korištena kao alat za socijalnu interakciju pridonosi povećanju stupnja senzibilizacije i prihvaćanja djece s teškoćama od strane njihovih vršnjaka bez teškoća. Naposljetku dvosmjerna socijalizacija u poticajnom okruženju posljedično pridonosi zaštiti i unapređenju mentalnog zdravlja djece s teškoćama.
Comprendre les interactions des vendeurs de drogues illicites sur les forums de discussion des cryptomarchés
Authors: Paquet-Clouston Masarah , Autixier Cateline , Décary-Hétu David
Published: October 2018

This article explores how online drug sellers interact on cryptomarket discussion forums. The results suggest that the sellers' interactions are modulated by their status as sellers. Sellers fuse two roles to adjust their status, combining the role of entrepreneur and the role of volunteer expert. As entrepreneurs, sellers post promotional messages to take advantage of the visibility provided by the forums. They also take on an expert volunteer role, making “effort donations” to the community by helping other participants. These effort donations may be made with the aim of raising their reputation within a community, a key element in the sale of illegal products online. These donations could also be motivated by a form of participatory act, which benefits the maximum number of participants and ensures the welfare and development of the virtual community.