bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Volatile Psychological Dynamics in Social Interactions
Authors: Michaels Jay L. , Vallacher Robin R. , Liebovitch Larry S.
Published: March 2013

Does agreement or disagreement alone strongly influence people’s thoughts and emotions, or does cognitive and affective reaction relate more to shifts in agreement and disagreement? The present study investigated how attitudes and emotions respond to the evolution of different patterns of agreement and disagreement in an interaction. Combining conventional methods with novel dynamic systems techniques, we found that people’s attitudes and emotional valence undergo significant change and become less stable when disagreement replaces agreement in an interaction. However, the same reaction does not occur when agreement replaces disagreement. Findings also reveal that the attitudes and emotions do not respond to disagreement alone, but react to the interaction transitioning from an exchange based on agreement to one defined by disagreement. These results provide insight into how attitudes and emotions evolve as social interactions undergo change and confirm key ideas from dynamic systems theories about social interaction.
Motivated to “Forget”
Authors: Rotella Katie N. , Richeson Jennifer A.
Published: March 2013

Reminders of in-group wrongdoing can prompt defensive responses that affect intergroup relations. Across two studies, American participants were randomly assigned to have their American identity increased (or not), then read a passage describing the negative treatment of Native American Indians by perpetrators described as either early Americans (i.e., in-group members) or European settlers (i.e., out-group members). Memory for the content of the passage and feelings of collective guilt were assessed. Participants demonstrated poorer memory when the perpetrators were framed as in-group (Americans), rather than out-group (Europeans), members. Further, participants in the in-group perpetrator condition whose American identification was primed experienced less collective guilt compared with participants in the in-group perpetrator condition whose American identification was not primed. Implications for intergroup relations and the understanding of collective memory are discussed.
Who Is Willing to Sacrifice Ethical Values for Money and Social Status?
Authors: Kennedy Jessica A. , Kray Laura J.
Published: March 2013

Women select into business school at a lower rate than men and are underrepresented in high-ranking positions in business organizations. We examined gender differences in reactions to ethical compromises as one possible explanation for these disparities. In Study 1, when reading decisions that compromised ethical values for social status and monetary gains, women reported feeling more moral outrage and perceived less business sense in the decisions than men. In Study 2, we established a causal relationship between aversion to ethical compromises and disinterest in business careers by manipulating the presence of ethical compromises in job descriptions. As hypothesized, an interaction between gender and presence of ethical compromises emerged. Only when jobs involved making ethical compromises did women report less interest in the jobs than men. Women’s moral reservations mediated these effects. In Study 3, we found that women implicitly associated business with immorality more than men did.
Why Can’t I Just Be Myself?
Authors: Schmader Toni , Croft Alyssa , Whitehead Jessica
Published: March 2013

We examined the hypothesis that stereotype threat disrupts reflexive cuing of the default self-concept and instead evokes a more reflective process of self-definition. Across two studies, a reaction time measure of math schematicity assessed prior to a math test was predicted by baseline math schematicity among men (Study 1) and women in a nonthreatening condition (Study 2). However, among women under stereotype threat, math schematicity measured prior to a diagnostic math test was unrelated to baseline math schematicity and was instead associated with explicit endorsement of math. These effects occurred for math and not language self-schemas, suggesting that under threat, the working self-concept might be derived from conscious reflection rather than automatic activation.
Lactose malabsorption and intolerance: pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Misselwitz Benjamin , Pohl Daniel , Frühauf Heiko , Fried Michael , Vavricka Stephan R , Fox Mark
Published: March 2013

Lactose malabsorption is a common condition caused by reduced expression or activity of lactase in the small intestine. In such patients, lactose intolerance is characterized by abdominal symptoms (e.g. nausea, bloating, and pain) after ingestion of dairy products. The genetic basis of lactose malabsorption is established and several tests for this condition are available, including genetic, endoscopic, and H2 ‐breath tests. In contrast, lactose intolerance is less well understood. Recent studies show that the risk of symptoms after lactose ingestion depends on the dose of lactose, lactase expression, intestinal flora, and sensitivity of the gastrointestinal tract. Lactose intolerance has recently been defined as symptoms developing after ingestion of lactose which do not develop after placebo challenge in a person with lactose maldigestion. Such blinded testing might be especially important in those with functional gastrointestinal diseases in whom self‐reported lactose intolerance is common. However, placebo‐controlled testing is not part of current clinical practice. Updated protocols and high‐quality outcome studies are needed. Treatment options of lactose intolerance include lactose‐reduced diet and enzyme replacement. Documenting the response to multiple doses can guide rational dietary management; however, the clinical utility of this strategy has not been tested. This review summarizes the genetic basis, diagnosis, and treatment of lactose malabsorption and intolerance.
Adult Outcomes for Children and Adolescents With EBD
Authors: Wynne Martha Ellen , Ausikaitis Ashley E. , Satchwell Mary
Published: March 2013

Little is known about the adult outcomes for children with an emotional/behavioral disorder (EBD). The present study examines the perspectives of 34 parents regarding the adult outcomes for their children who experienced emotional and behavioral problems in their youth. Participants completed an online survey containing questions about their child’s behavioral characteristics, educational experiences, and adjustment to adulthood as well as questions about the stress they experienced as a parent of a child with EBD. Both quantitative and qualitative measures were used to assess parents’ perceptions of factors affecting their child’s successful or unsuccessful adult outcomes. Remaining in school was related to positive adult outcomes, while exclusionary disciplinary experiences such as suspension and expulsion were related to negative adult outcomes. The relationship of results to the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act’s goals for adult functioning and implications for both parents and practitioners serving students with EBD are discussed.
Seeking Personal Autonomy Through the Use of Facebook in Iran
Authors: Hajin Mona
Published: March 2013

In Iran, where males and females are kept separated in different spheres, Facebook may be used as an opportunity to bridge this gap between the genders. However, this study showed that Facebook, as a nonymous platform in which people are in contact with their already-made social ties, didn’t seem to be liberating from the existing norms and rules within society. Facebook was a stage that became restricted with the involvement of social ties. The study’s analysis of interviews with six young Iranians showed that social meanings and norms of self-presentation on Facebook are defined to a large degree in terms of gender. The informants used a variety of strategies when presenting themselves on Facebook. They used Facebook simply for gaining personal autonomy. Strategies were adopted especially when one’s personal and community needs were in conflict. Efforts made to apply strategies were gendered and were used mainly by females. Males conformed to and women resisted societal norms and expectations.
Preapoptotic protease calpain-2 is frequently suppressed in adult T-cell leukemia
Authors: Ishihara Makoto , Araya Natsumi , Sato Tomoo , Tatsuguchi Ayako , Saichi Naomi , Utsunomiya Atae , Nakamura Yusuke , Nakagawa Hidewaki , Yamano Yoshihisa , Ueda Koji
Published: March 2013

Key Points

Proteome-wide analysis of HTLV-1–infected T cells identified 17 biomarker proteins for the diagnosis of ATL or HAM/TSP patients.
A homozygous telomerase T-motif variant resulting in markedly reduced repeat addition processivity in siblings with Hoyeraal Hreidarsson syndrome
Authors: Gramatges Maria M. , Qi Xiaodong , Sasa Ghadir S. , Chen Julian J.-L. , Bertuch Alison A.
Published: March 2013

Key Points

Biallelic inheritance of a telomerase T-motif mutation selectively impairs repeat addition processivity and results in severe disease. Computational algorithms commonly used to predict the impact of variants on protein function have limited sensitivity with regard to hTERT.
Convergence theorems for total asymptotically nonexpansive non-self mappings in "Equation missing" spaces
Authors: Wang Lin , Chang Shih-sen , Ma Zhaoli
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we introduce the concept of total asymptotically nonexpansive nonself mappings and prove the demiclosed principle for this kind of mappings in

CAT
(
0
)

spaces. As a consequence, we obtain a Δ-convergence theorem of total asymptotically nonexpansive nonself mappings in

CAT
(
0
)

spaces. Our results extend and improve the corresponding recent results announced by many authors.

MSC:47H09, 47J25.
Probabilistic strain optimization under constraint uncertainty
Authors: Yousofshahi Mona , Orshansky Michael , Lee Kyongbum , Hassoun Soha
Published: March 2013

Background

An important step in strain optimization is to identify reactions whose activities should be modified to achieve the desired cellular objective. Preferably, these reactions are identified systematically, as the number of possible combinations of reaction modifications could be very large. Over the last several years, a number of computational methods have been described for identifying combinations of reaction modifications. However, none of these methods explicitly address uncertainties in implementing the reaction activity modifications. In this work, we model the uncertainties as probability distributions in the flux carrying capacities of reactions. Based on this model, we develop an optimization method that identifies reactions for flux capacity modifications to predict outcomes with high statistical likelihood.

Results

We compare three optimization methods that select an intervention set comprising up- or down-regulation of reaction flux capacity: CCOpt (Chance constrained optimization), DetOpt (Deterministic optimization), and MCOpt (Monte Carlo-based optimization). We evaluate the methods using a Monte Carlo simulation-based method, MCEval (Monte Carlo Evaluations). We present two case studies analyzing a CHO cell and an adipocyte model. The flux capacity distributions required for our methods were estimated from maximal reaction velocities or elementary mode analysis. The intervention set selected by CCOpt consistently outperforms the intervention set selected by DetOpt in terms of tolerance to flux capacity variations. MCEval shows that the optimal flux predicted based on the CCOpt intervention set is more likely to be obtained, in a probabilistic sense, than the flux predicted by DetOpt. The intervention sets identified by CCOpt and MCOpt were similar; however, the exhaustive sampling required by MCOpt incurred significantly greater computational cost.

Conclusions

Maximizing tolerance to variable engineering outcomes (in modifying enzyme activities) can identify intervention sets that statistically improve the desired cellular objective.
Inosine Triphosphate Pyrophosphohydrolase (ITPA) polymorphic sequence variants in adult hematological malignancy patients and possible association with mitochondrial DNA defects
Authors: Zamzami Mazin A , Duley John A , Price Gareth R , Venter Deon J , Yarham John W , Taylor Robert W , Catley Laurence P , Florin Timothy HJ , Marinaki Anthony M , Bowling Francis
Published: March 2013

Background

Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase (ITPase) is a ‘house-cleaning’ enzyme that degrades non-canonical (‘rogue’) nucleotides. Complete deficiency is fatal in knockout mice, but a mutant polymorphism resulting in low enzyme activity with an accumulation of ITP and other non-canonical nucleotides, appears benign in humans. We hypothesised that reduced ITPase activity may cause acquired mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects. Furthermore, we investigated whether accumulating mtDNA defects may then be a risk factor for cell transformation, in adult haematological malignancy (AHM).

Methods

DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and bone marrow samples. Microarray-based sequencing of mtDNA was performed on 13 AHM patients confirmed as carrying the ITPA 94C>A mutation causing low ITPase activity, and 4 AHM patients with wildtype ITPA. The frequencies of ITPA 94C>A and IVS2+21A>C polymorphisms were studied from 85 available AHM patients.

Results

ITPA 94C>A was associated with a significant increase in total heteroplasmic/homoplasmic mtDNA mutations (p<0.009) compared with wildtype ITPA, following exclusion of haplogroup variants. This suggested that low ITPase activity may induce mitochondrial abnormalities. Compared to the normal population, frequencies for the 94C>A and IVS2+21A>C mutant alleles among the AHM patients were higher for myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) - but below significance; were approximately equivalent for chronic lymphoblastic leukemia; and were lower for acute myeloid leukemia.

Conclusions

This study invokes a new paradigm for the evolution of MDS, where nucleotide imbalances produced by defects in ‘house-cleaning’ genes may induce mitochondrial dysfunction, compromising cell integrity. It supports recent studies which point towards an important role for ITPase in cellular surveillance of rogue nucleotides.
Insulin-like Factor 3 Promotes Wound Healing at the Ocular Surface
Authors: Hampel Ulrike , Klonisch Thomas , Sel Saadettin , Schulze Ute , Paulsen Friedrich P.
Published: March 2013

Tear fluid is known to contain many different hormones with relevance for ocular surface homeostasis. We studied the presence and functional role of insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) and its cognate receptor RXFP2 (relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2) at the ocular surface and in tears. Expression of human INSL3 and RXFP2 was determined in tissues of the ocular surface and lacrimal apparatus; in human corneal (HCE), conjunctival (HCjE), and sebaceous (SC) epithelial cell lines; and in human tears by RT-PCR and ELISA. We investigated effects of human recombinant INSL3 (hrINSL3) on cell proliferation and cell migration and the influence of hrINSL3 on the expression of MMP2, -9, and -13 and TIMP1 and -2 was quantified by real-time PCR and ELISA in HCE, HCjE, and SC cells. We used a C57BL/6 mouse corneal defect model to elucidate the effect of topical application of hrINSL3 on corneal wound healing. INSL3 and RXFP2 transcripts and INSL3 protein were detected in all tissues and cell lines investigated. Significantly higher concentrations of INSL3 were detected in tears from male vs. female volunteers. Stimulation of HCE, HCjE, and SC with hrINSL3 significantly increased cell proliferation in HCjE and SC and migration of HCjE. Treatment with hrINSL3 for 24 hours regulated MMP2, TIMP1, and TIMP2 expression. The local application of hrINSL3 onto denuded corneal surface resulted in significantly accelerated corneal wound healing in mice. These findings suggest a novel and gender-specific role for INSL3 and cognate receptor RXFP2 signaling in ocular surface homeostasis and determined a novel role for hrINSL3 in corneal wound healing.
Sea urchin akt activity is Runx-dependent and required for post-cleavage stage cell division
Authors: Robertson Anthony J. , Coluccio Alison , Jensen Sarah , Rydlizky Katarina , Coffman James A.
Published: March 2013

In animal development following the initial cleavage stage of embryogenesis, the cell cycle becomes dependent on intercellular signaling and controlled by the genomically encoded ontogenetic program. Runx transcription factors are critical regulators of metazoan developmental signaling, and we have shown that the sea urchin Runx gene runt-1, which is globally expressed during early embryogenesis, functions in support of blastula stage cell proliferation and expression of the mitogenic genes pkc1, cyclinD, and several wnts. To obtain a more comprehensive list of early runt-1 regulatory targets, we screened a Strongylocentrotus purpuratus microarray to identify genes mis-expressed in mid-blastula stage runt-1 morphants. This analysis showed that loss of Runx function perturbs the expression of multiple genes involved in cell division, including the pro-growth and survival kinase Akt (PKB), which is significantly underexpressed in runt-1 morphants. Further genomic analysis revealed that Akt is encoded by two genes in the S. purpuratus genome, akt-1 and akt-2, both of which contain numerous canonical Runx target sequences. The transcripts of both genes accumulate several fold during blastula stage, contingent on runt-1 expression. Inhibiting Akt expression or activity causes blastula stage cell cycle arrest, whereas overexpression of akt-1 mRNA rescues cell proliferation in runt-1 morphants. These results indicate that post-cleavage stage cell division requires Runx-dependent expression of akt.
BUBR1 recruits PP2A via the B56 family of targeting subunits to promote chromosome congression
Authors: Xu Peng , Raetz Elizabeth A. , Kitagawa Mayumi , Virshup David M. , Lee Sang Hyun
Published: March 2013

BUBR1 is a mitotic phosphoprotein essential for the maintenance of chromosome stability by promoting chromosome congression and proper kinetochore–microtubule (K-fiber) attachment, but the underlying mechanism(s) has remained elusive. Here we identify BUBR1 as a binding partner of the B56 family of Protein Phosphatase 2A regulatory subunits. The interaction between BUBR1 and the B56 family is required for chromosome congression, since point mutations in BUBR1 that block B56 binding abolish chromosome congression. The BUBR1:B56-PP2A complex opposes Aurora B kinase activity, since loss of the complex can be reverted by inhibiting Aurora B. Importantly, we show that the failure of BUBR1 to recruit B56-PP2A also contributes to the chromosome congression defects found in cells derived from patients with the Mosaic Variegated Aneuploidy (MVA) syndrome. Together, we propose that B56-PP2A is a key mediator of BUBR1's role in chromosome congression and functions by antagonizing Aurora B activity at the kinetochore for establishing stable kinetochore–microtubule attachment at the metaphase plate.
Polymorphism of 4′-Diethylamino-3-hydroxyflavone
Authors: Hino Kazuyuki , Nakajima Kiyohiko , Kawahara Miyoko , Furukawa Kazuki , Sekiya Hiroshi
Published: March 2013

Crystallization of 4′-diethylamino-3-hydroxyflavone (1) yields two polymorphic crystals. One is monoclinic, space group P21/n (1a), and the other triclinic, P1 (1b). In both crystals, the two adjacent molecules form a dimeric unit by two intermolecular O–H···O hydrogen bonds. The hydrogen-bonded dimer in crystal 1a is nearly planar, whereas that in crystal 1b is centrically twisted, having cis-like and trans-like conformations for the terminal carbon atoms at the diethylamino group.
Examination and Operating Room Scheduling Including Optimization of Intrahospital Routing
Authors: Schmid Verena , Doerner Karl F.
Published: March 2013

Hospitalized patients typically undergo several examinations before their actual surgery. Transportation between service units is provided by trained personnel who escort patients. However, valuable resources may be underutilized if patients arrive too late for scheduled appointments, whereas on the other side, many patients have to wait for a long time before being picked up for, or after, their actual appointment. To improve those deficits, this study adopts on both resource- and client-centered perspectives. Therefore, we present an integrative combinatorial optimization model combining both scheduling- and routing-related aspects, which will be solved using a cooperative hybrid metaheuristic. Traditionally, both underlying subproblems would be solved independently, but the cooperative approach yields substantial advantages over decoupled hierarchical optimization processes.
Flexible Connections in PESP Models for Cyclic Passenger Railway Timetabling
Authors: Kroon Leo G. , Peeters Leon W. P. , Wagenaar Joris C. , Zuidwijk Rob A.
Published: March 2013

In this paper we describe how rolling stock and passenger connections in a cyclic railway timetable can be modeled in a flexible way within the model for the Periodic Event-Scheduling Problem (PESP). Usually, PESP models assume that the constraints for rolling stock or passenger connections specify in detail which trains should connect with each other. However, the flexibility described in this paper allows the model to choose which trains should connect with each other in a rolling stock or passenger connection. We express the connection times in a minimum matching of arriving and departing trains in terms of certain process time variables. We also describe an abstract framework demonstrating that, under certain conditions, the extra flexibility can be modeled purely in terms of PESP constraints. The concept of flexible rolling stock and passenger connections is illustrated by an example based on three intercity lines of Netherlands Railways.
Flexible Wall Permeameter to Measure the Hydraulic Conductivity of Soils in Horizontal Direction
Authors: Sridhar G. , Robinson Retnamony G.
Published: March 2013

The flexible wall permeability apparatus was modified for the direct measurement of the hydraulic conductivity of soils in the horizontal direction. Constant head permeability tests were carried out using the radial flow flexible wall permeameter on soil samples with central sand drain to allow the water to flow radially from the central sand drain towards a peripheral drain. Tests were also conducted using the conventional flexible wall permeameter on samples that were trimmed horizontally, so as to measure the hydraulic conductivity in the horizontal directions for comparison. The test results obtained from the proposed setup agrees well with those obtained from the samples that were trimmed horizontally, proving the validity of the results obtained from the proposed apparatus.
Estimativa da relação hipsométrica em clones de Eucalyptus sp. com o modelo de curtis ajustado por métodos bayesianos empíricos
Authors: Thiersch Cláudio Roberto , Andrade Marinho Gomes de , Moreira Monica Fabiana Bento , Loibel Selene
Published: March 2013

Neste trabalho foi considerado o modelo de Curtis para a relação hipsométrica em clones de Eucalyptus sp. com os parâmetros sujeitos a restrições. Para fazer a inferência dos parâmetros do modelo com restrições, utilizou-se uma abordagem bayesiana com densidade a priori construída empiricamente. As estimativas bayesianas são calculadas com a técnica de simulação de Monte Carlo em Cadeia de Markov (MCMC). O método proposto foi aplicado a diferentes conjuntos de dados reais, dos quais foram selecionados cinco para exemplificar os resultados. Estes foram comparados com os resultados obtidos pelo método de mínimos quadrados, destacando-se a superioridade da abordagem bayesiana proposta.
Qualidade da água em microbacias hidrográficas com diferentes coberturas do solo no sul do Espírito Santo
Authors: Bertossi Ana Paula Almeida , Cecílio Roberto Avelino , Neves Mirna Aparecida , Garcia Giovanni de Oliveira
Published: March 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade das águas superficiais e subterrâneas em microbacias hidrográficas caracterizadas por diferentes coberturas do solo: pastagem, floresta e cafeeiro. Foi desenvolvido um índice de qualidade de água utilizando a análise de componentes principais, que proporcionou a redução das 13 características de qualidade em duas componentes, que explicaram 91,2% da variância total. As águas superficiais e subterrâneas das microbacias foram adequadas ao consumo humano, após tratamento convencional, ao longo de todo o período estudado, exceto a água subterrânea da microbacia coberta com pastagem no período de estiagem.
Análise espaço-temporal da cobertura vegetal e uso da terra na Interbacia do Rio Paraguai Médio-MT, Brasil
Authors: Pessoa Seyla Poliana Miranda , Galvanin Edinéia Aparecida dos Santos , Kreitlow Jesã Pereira , Neves Sandra Mara Alves da Silva , Nunes Josué Ribeiro da Silva , Zago Bruno Wagner
Published: March 2013

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise espaço-temporal da cobertura vegetal e do uso da terra na Interbacia do Rio Paraguai Médio-MT, Brasil, pelo geoprocessamento de imagens Landsat TM, dos anos 1991, 2001 e 2011. As imagens foram georreferenciadas, classificadas e processadas no software Spring e as classes temáticas, quantificadas e editadas no software ArcGis. Foram mapeadas sete classes, sendo as mais expressivas a vegetação nativa, a pastagem e a cana-de-açúcar. Os resultados indicaram alterações em todas as classes durante os últimos 20 anos, com a diminuição de 22,89% da vegetação nativa, relacionada com o aumento de 58,42% da pastagem e 490,26% de monocultura de cana-de-açúcar. Foi verificado o conflito de uso da terra, principalmente em áreas de mata ciliar, fato que pode influenciar negativamente na conservação da interbacia e, consequentemente, do pantanal mato-grossense.
Geração de finos no branqueamento de pasta kraft de eucalipto e seu efeito nas propriedades do papel
Authors: Comelato Jaqueline Silveira , Ventorim Gustavo , Caraschi José Cláudio , Santos Ivan Rodrigues dos
Published: March 2013

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a quantidade de finos gerada por diferentes reagentes de branqueamento e seu efeito nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas da celulose kraft de eucalipto. A polpa foi branqueada por quatro sequências diferentes. Parte das amostras foi classificada em equipamento Bauer-McNett, sendo a parte não classificada (global) refinada para 40 ºSR, em moinho laboratorial PFI. As duas maiores porções de cada amostra proveniente da classificação foram também refinadas com o mesmo número de revoluções que a sua amostra global. Realizaram-se ensaios físicos e mecânicos das amostras refinadas, e suas fibras foram analisadas em equipamento FQA (Fiber Quality Analyser), antes e depois do refino. A maior quantidade de finos foi observada nas polpas refinadas e na sequência-referência. Os resultados de tração foram mais elevados e significativos nas amostras globais; as polpas classificadas não apresentaram diferença entre si, sendo atribuída a maior resistência à tração na presença de finos. A resistência ao rasgo foi afetada pelo comprimento das fibras e não pelo teor de finos. Os maiores valores de ascensão capilar Klemm ocorreram nas amostras classificadas em razão da ausência de finos e do maior comprimento de fibras.
Delimitação entre os lenhos juvenil e adulto de Pinus elliottii engelm
Authors: Palermo Gilmara Pires de Moura , Latorraca João Vicente de Figueiredo , Severo Elias Taylor Durgante , Nascimento Alexandre Miguel do , Rezende Marcos Antônio de
Published: March 2013

Durante o crescimento, as árvores produzem diferentes tipos de tecido lenhoso. O xilema produzido nos primeiros anos até certa idade cambial é denominado lenho juvenil e apresenta propriedades físicas, mecânicas, químicas e anatômicas diferentes do xilema produzido após certa idade cambial, isto é, quando as células do câmbio já amadureceram. Dessa forma, um prévio conhecimento sobre a qualidade da matéria-prima produzida é de fundamental importância para melhor aplicabilidade do material. Com base nesse contexto, este trabalho objetivou, a partir de dados de comprimento de traqueídeos e densidade da madeira, delimitar a idade de transição entre os lenhos juvenil e adulto. Para isso, coletaram-se três árvores de Pinus elliottii var. elliottii Engelm., com 35 anos de idade, provenientes da Estação Experimental de Itapetininga, localizada em São Paulo, Brasil. De cada árvore, retiraram-se discos de aproximadamente 5 cm de espessura, extraídos a 0,05 m do solo, que foram utilizados para determinação radial da densidade pelo método de atenuação da radiação gama e comprimento dos traqueídeos. Os resultados da análise de regressão linear indicaram que o lenho juvenil está limitado aos sete primeiros anos de crescimento da árvore e o lenho adulto é formado após os 20 anos de idade. No lenho adulto há diferenças significativas entre as idades médias obtidas através do comprimento dos traqueídeos e da densidade da madeira.
Intraocular pressure measurements with the Tono-Pen XL® and Perkins® applanation tonometers in horses and cattle
Authors: Andrade Silvia Franco , Palozzi Rodrigo de Jesus , Rolim Rodrigo Duarte , Junqueira José Ricardo Cecílio , Valle Heloisa Ferreira do , Silva Marcelo Kurak da , Maia Marcelo Augusto , Zampiere Rodrigo Augusto
Published: March 2013

The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy between two applanation tonometers, Tono-Pen XL® and Perkins®, in horses and cattle. The eyes of 20 horses and 20 cattle conscious and healthy were evaluated for the in vivo study and both eyes of 5 horses and 5 cattle were used as controls for the postmortem study. In conscious animals, the tonometry was performed with auriculopalpebral nerve block and then topical anesthesia for both tonometers and 1% fluorescein eye drops only for the Perkins tonometer. Readings of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the postmortem study were taken using manometry and tonometry by Tono-Pen XL® and Perkins®. The correlation coefficient (r²) between manometry and applanation tonometers Tono-Pen XL® and Perkins®, in horses, were 0.845 and 0.989, respectively, and in cattle, were 0.772 and 0.988, respectively. The mean IOP values in conscious horses with Tono-Pen XL® and Perkins® were 20.1±3.9mmHg and 20.9±3.2mmHg, respectively, and in conscious cattle, these values were 17.2±2.4mmHg and 17.9±1.4mmHg, respectively. There was a strong correlation between the IOP values obtained by direct ocular manometry and the Tono-Pen XL® and Perkins® tonometers in horses and cattle. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean IOPs obtained with both tonometers in conscious animals; however, there was a difference between the minimum values, which were on average 2-3 mmHg lower with the Tono-Pen XL® tonometer than with the Perkins® tonometer, which justifies a table of normal values differentiated for each tonometer.
Diferenciação de sorotipos de Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae pela combinação de dois PCR multiplex
Authors: Santos Lucas Fernando dos , Reis Klédna Constância Portes , Santos José Lúcio dos , Scatamburlo Maria Aparecida
Published: March 2013

A pleuropneumonia suína é uma importante doença respiratória que ocasiona grandes perdas econômicas na suinocultura. O Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) é o agente etiológico desta enfermidade que é classificado em 15 sorotipos. Estes secretam diferentes combinações das exotoxinas ApxI, ApxII, Apx III e ApxIV, que têm sido utilizadas na diferenciação dos sorotipos pela PCR multiplex (mPCR). A técnica descrita não permite a diferenciação dos sorotipos 2, 8 e 15 (apresentam mesmo padrão de amplificação) como também os sorotipos 12 e 13. Visando a melhorar a capacidade discriminatória desse procedimento, o presente trabalho descreve a combinação de um segundo mPCR baseado na amplificação de genes dos antígenos capsulares. O ensaio conjugado foi testado com cepas de referência pertencentes aos 15 sorotipos e também de 10 isolados de campo. A técnica proposta auxiliou na diferenciação dos 15 sorotipos testados (cepas de referência), como também proporcionou a identificação dos isolados de campo provenientes de casos clínicos, demonstrando que a técnica molecular é uma forma rápida e eficiente na identificação desse importante patógeno que afeta a criação de suínos, mesmo levando em consideração as limitações da técnica.
Produção agroecológica de mudas e desenvolvimento a campo de couve-chinesa
Authors: Tessaro Dinéia , Matter Juliana Maria , Kuczman Osvaldo , Furtado Lucia de Fatima , Costa Luiz Antonio de Mendonça , Costa Monica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça
Published: March 2013

O trabalho foi desenvolvido em duas etapas: a produção de mudas de couve-chinesa em bandejas e posterior transplante para o campo, objetivando avaliar o desempenho de diferentes substratos sobre o desenvolvimento da cultura. Para isso determinou-se, tanto na fase de formação das mudas, quanto nas plantas adultas, o comprimento da parte aérea, número de folhas, comprimento da raiz, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz e diâmetro do coleto. A etapa de produção de mudas foi conduzida em ambiente protegido, com os seguintes tratamentos: T0 substrato comercial Plantmax® (HA); T1: 100% composto; T2: 95% composto + 2,5% areia + 2,5% pó de rocha; T3: 90% composto + 3% areia + 7% de pó de rocha e T4: 85% composto + 6% areia + 9% pó de rocha. Na produção de mudas, os substratos orgânicos, formulados com 100% e 85% composto, apresentaram melhores resultados, aos 15 e 28 DAS, respectivamente. Os resultados de campo demonstraram que adição de pó de rocha é um fator determinante no desempenho das mudas, sendo os melhores resultados obtidos nas parcelas cultivadas com mudas obtidas nos substratos formulados com 7 e 9% de pó de basalto.
Fracionamento químico e físico da matéria orgânica de um argissolo vermelho sob diferentes sistemas de uso
Authors: Santos Daiane Carvalho dos , Farias Marla de Oliveira , Lima Cláudia Liane Rodrigues de , Kunde Roberta Jeske , Pillon Clenio Nailto , Flores Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2013

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o carbono orgânico total e as frações físicas e químicas da matéria orgânica (MO) do solo em um Argissolo Vermelho Eutrófico arênico, submetido a diferentes sistemas de uso. Os sistemas de uso do solo avaliados foram: florestamento homogêneo de Eucalyptus grandis (EUC), sistema agrossilvipastoril na faixa (ASP) e campo nativo (CN), nas camadas de 0,000-0,025m e de 0,025-0,075m. A fração grosseira (CFG) e o carbono associado aos minerais (CAM) foram obtidos por meio de fracionamento físico granulométrico. As frações leve livre (FLL), leve oclusa (FLO) e pesada (FP) foram obtidas por meio de fracionamento físico densimétrico. As frações não húmicas (NH), ácido fúlvico (AF), ácido húmico (AH) e humina (HU) foram obtidas por meio de fracionamento químico. O sistema EUC promoveu maiores estoques de carbono orgânico total, CFG, FLL e FLO e na fração AF nas camadas avaliadas. Na camada superficial, os mecanismos de proteção da MO por recalcitrância molecular e estabilização química estão sobrepondo a estabilidade decorrente da oclusão em agregados. Com a dificuldade de formar agregados, devido a matrizes arenosas desse solo, o carbono jovem que entra no sistema é decomposto pelos microrganismos, entrando em um estágio mais avançado de decomposição e, nesse caso, formando associações com as partículas silte e argila, mesmo em solos em que o percentual de argila é baixo. Através do fracionamento químico, observou-se que a maior parte da MO do solo encontra-se armazenada na forma de HU.
Perfil de ácidos graxos e teor de colesterol de mortadela elaborada com óleos vegetais
Authors: Yunes João Felipe Ferraz , Terra Nelcindo Nascimento , Cavalheiro Carlos Pasqualin , Fries Leadir Lucy Martins , Godoy Helena Teixeira , Ballus Cristiano Augusto
Published: March 2013

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar o perfil de ácidos graxos e o teor de colesterol em mortadelas elaboradas com diferentes óleos vegetais. Nove tratamentos de mortadela foram elaborados com quatro diferentes óleos vegetais (canola, linhaça, oliva e soja), em dois níveis de substituição (50% e 100%). Os ácidos graxos e o teor de colesterol foram separados e identificados por cromatografia gasosa. Houve predominância dos ácidos graxos oleico, linoleico e palmítico. O teor de ácidos graxos saturados foi menor nos produtos que continham óleos vegetais. A relação PUFA/SFA foi menor no tratamento controle, enquanto que o maior valor foi observado no tratamento com 100% de óleo de linhaça. Os teores de colesterol encontrados foram semelhantes entre todos os tratamentos, sendo superior apenas no tratamento contendo 100% de óleo de soja. Logo, exceto o tratamento com 100% de óleo de soja, todos os outros tratamentos com óleos vegetais apresentaram uma melhor qualidade nutricional quando comparados com o controle.
Analysis of occupational accidents with biological material among professionals in pre-hospital services
Authors: Oliveira Adriana Cristina de , Paiva Maria Henriqueta Rocha Siqueira
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of accidents due to biological material exposure, the characteristics and post-accident conduct among professionals of pre-hospital services of the four municipalities of Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHOD: A cross-sectional study, using a structured questionnaire that was developed to enable the calculation of prevalence, descriptive analysis and analytical analysis using logistic regression. The study included 228 professionals; the prevalence of accidents due to biological material exposure was 29.4%, with 49.2% percutaneous, 10.4% mucousal, 6.0% non-intact skin, and 34.4% intact skin. RESULTS: Among the professionals injured, those that stood out were nursing technicians (41.9%) and drivers (28.3%). CONCLUSION: Notification of the occurrence of the accident occurred in 29.8% of the cases. Percutaneous exposure was associated with time of work in the organization (OR=2.51, 95% CI: 1.18 to 5.35, p<0.017). Notification about accidents with biological material should be encouraged, along with professional evaluation/monitoring.
Is vaccination against hepatitis B a reality among Primary Health Care workers?
Authors: Costa Fernanda Marques da , Martins Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima , Santos Neto Pedro Eleutério dos , Veloso Duran Nunes de Pinho , Magalhães Vilma Soares , Ferreira Raquel Conceição
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence and factors associated with vaccination against hepatitis B among Primary Health Care workers in Montes Claros/MG. METHOD: A cross-sectional, analytic study was undertaken. Data were collected through a form, which contained sociodemographic, occupational, general health and behavioral variables. Associations were investigated through bivariate analysis and Poisson's multivariate regression, using SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: 95.5% answered the question about vaccination; 47.5% did not complete the vaccination scheme. The prevalence of vaccinated professionals was lower among older workers, who were hired, did not participate in occupational health updates and consumed alcohol. Prevalence levels were higher among professionals with more years of education and who reported contact with piercing and cutting instruments . CONCLUSIONS: Professional education, knowledge and perception of infection risks are important determinants of the vaccination scheme. Instability at work may lead to negligence and negligent behaviors may repeat themselves. The characterization of professionals who did not get vaccinated will direct educative actions in occupational health.
Stress related to care: the impact of childhood cancer on the lives of parents
Authors: Alves Daniela Fernanda dos Santos , Guirardello Edinêis de Brito , Kurashima Andréa Yamaguchi
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES: The objective was to assess the stress levels of parents of children with cancer and to identify correlations among demographic data and anxiety levels. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted in two Brazilian institutions, with 101 parents of children with cancer. Through interviews, parents responded to two instruments: Pediatric Inventory for Parents - Brazilian version, which assesses stress levels, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, for the measurement of anxiety. The correlations between the instruments and the sociodemographic variables of the parents and children were evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Higher levels of stress and anxiety were seen by young parents, young children and with less time since diagnosis. The fear of death and the disease impact on the life of a child were the events considered the most stressful for the parents . CONCLUSIONS: In clinical practice, the nurse who can identify the occurrence of these symptoms becomes capable of planning nursing care that includes the family in decisions about the care. Moreover, she can provide support to help parents manage their stress levels and positively face the illness of their children.
Transcultural adaptation and validation of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale for the evaluation of presenteeism for Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Paschoalin Heloisa Campos , Griep Rosane Harter , Lisboa Márcia Tereza Luz , Mello Diana Corrêa Bandeira de
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: describe the process of transcultural adaptation and validation of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale for Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS: Methodological study of the cultural adaptation and validation of the tool which involved 153 nursing staff and included six aspects of equivalence, obtained through the following stages: translation, first version of consent, retranslation, specialist committee, pre-test, study of test-retest credibleness and dimensional validity. RESULTS: The stability of the items varied from moderate to almost perfect and the sequence constancy was almost perfect. Two factors were identified through the exploratory fact analysis: the first one included the physical aspects - completing work; and the second one the psychological aspects - avoided distraction . CONCLUSIONS: the results suggest adequacy of the tool in the Brazilian Portuguese version, indicating its use in the context of the study group and in similar groups, contributing to the study of evidences which consolidate strategies that favor the health conditions of the jobholders.
Psychometric analysis of the scale for the predisposition to the occurrence of adverse events in nursing care provided in ICUS
Authors: Lobão William Mendes , Menezes Igor Gomes
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: to present the result of the validity and reliability studies concerning the Scale for the Predisposition to the Occurrence of Adverse Events (EPEA). METHOD: construct validity was based on Principal Components Analysis. RESULTS: reliability verified through Cronbach's alpha indicated good reliability (structure α=0.80; process α=0.92). CONCLUSION: based on its psychometric indicators, the EPEA can be considered a valid measure to assess the attitudes of nurses in relation to factors that potentially lead to the occurrence of adverse events in ICUs.
Uso do solo em zonas de proteção de poços para abastecimento público na cidade de João Pessoa (PB)
Authors: Toscano Germana Leite Gonzalez , Silva Tarciso Cabral da
Published: March 2013

Os aquíferos, em especial as ocorrências no meio urbano, são bastante susceptíveis à contaminação ou poluição devido à concentração de atividades incompatíveis com as áreas que deveriam receber restrição de uso do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o uso do solo nos perímetros de proteção de captação de águas subterrâneas, destinados ao abastecimento público na cidade de João Pessoa (PB). A partir dos perímetros de proteção já delimitados, através de visitas de campo e observação de imagem de satélite, foi realizado o estudo do uso do solo nas suas áreas internas. Foi constatado o exercício de atividades proibidas ou condicionadas nas áreas que deveriam ser protegidas. A pesquisa feita demonstrou a necessidade de disciplinamento das atividades potencialmente poluidoras das águas subterrâneas e vem contribuir como um instrumento de utilidade para a construção de políticas para o disciplinamento das atividades no solo urbano.
Análise do sistema de gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde nos municípios da bacia hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Gomes Luciana Paulo , Esteves Roger Vinicius Rosa
Published: March 2013

Nesta pesquisa focou-se o gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS) e especificamente aqueles do tipo perfurocortantes. Foram analisadas as formas atuais de gestão implementadas na bacia hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos (BHRS), a partir da aplicação de questionários nos estabelecimentos de saúde geradores de RSS. Os resultados indicam que 48,6% dos estabelecimentos de saúde atendem corretamente à legislação específica brasileira, verificando ainda uma melhor gestão para os estabelecimentos privados. Os estabelecimentos de saúde do tipo "laboratórios, bancos de sangue e farmácias" instalados nos municípios com mais de 20.000 habitantes e área municipal na BHRS dentro da faixa de 80 a 100% em relação à área total municipal apresentaram os piores resultados em termos de gestão de RSS. O grupo de atividades de serviços de saúde com o maior número de estabelecimentos na BHRS - "consultórios/clínicas de odontologia, clínicas veterinárias, drogarias e unidade móvel" - indicou um dos menores índices de conhecimento das exigências legais específicas relativas ao tema estudado.
Efeito da aplicação de água residuária de suinocultura no solo e na qualidade dos seus lixiviados
Authors: Bolzani Hugo Renan , Oliveira Darlene Lopes do Amaral , Lautenschlager Sandro Rogério
Published: March 2013

Este trabalho avalia o comportamento da água residuária de suinocultura, quanto aos seus efeitos no solo e na qualidade dos seus lixiviados. Na incubação do solo com efluente, foram utilizadas 48 unidades experimentais no total com taxas de aplicação de 0, 50, 100 e 150 m³.ha-1. O pH do solo e lixiviados após asdiferentes taxas de aplicação permaneceu ácido e os valores de amônia nos argissolos apresentaram valores menores do que no solo testemunha enquanto que nos nitossolos houve aumento em função das taxas de aplicação. A capacidade de troca catiônica aumentou com maior intensidade nos argissolos. A relação carbono/nitrogênio foi baixa evidenciando uma mineralização rápida dos resíduos orgânicos. Os valores de nitrato no primeiro lixiviado e de fósforo nos nitossolos foram maiores do que nos argissolos, em função da taxa de aplicação.
Cisternas para armazenamento de água de chuva e efeito na diarreia infantil: um estudo na área rural do semiárido de Minas Gerais
Authors: Silva Carolina Ventura da , Heller Léo , Carneiro Mariângela
Published: March 2013

O estudo avaliou a prevalência de diarreia em crianças menores de 60 meses, segundo o tipo de abastecimento de água utilizado. Foi conduzido estudo epidemiológico, seguindo o delineamento quase-experimental, com 664 crianças, sendo 332 moradoras de residência que têm cisterna e 332 que utilizam água de outra fonte. A variável dependente foi a ocorrência de diarreia nas últimas 72 horas; as outras informações foram obtidas por meio da aplicação de questionários estruturados. A prevalência total de diarreia foi de 5%, porém sem diferença significativa entre os grupos. As variáveis que explicaram a morbidade foram o grupo, a idade da criança, a ingestão de vitamina ou fortificante, e o local de descarte das fraldas sujas com fezes da criança. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos na avaliação da qualidade microbiológica da água, ou seja, o uso de água de chuva pode não ter proporcionado melhorias no acesso à água de melhor qualidade quando comparado com as outras fontes utilizadas. No entanto, há que se considerar falhas nos cuidados, no manuseio e no tratamento da água adotados. Destaca-se a necessidade de melhoria das práticas sanitárias da população do meio rural para que a higiene pessoal, domiciliar e em relação à água consumida sejam incorporadas como hábitos rotineiros.