bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A rare case: Coexistence of noncompaction cardiomyopathy and Ebstein anomaly
Authors: CINAR Ahmet , GEDIKLI Ömer
Published: March 2023

Noncompaction cardiomyopathy is a rare type of cardiomyopathy that can result in left ventricular failure, thromboembolic events, tachyarrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. It is a congenital cardiomyopathy in which deep trabeculations and cavities in the left ventricle are formed due to the cessation of the development of myocardial tissue in the intrauterine period. Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital anomaly characterized by apical displacement of the tricuspid valve septal leaflet. Although the association of noncompaction cardiomyopathy and ebstein is a rare disease, there are cases described in the literature. A 23-year-old male patient, who presented with palpitations and fatigue, was diagnosed with noncompaction cardiomyopathy and ebstein anomaly. After the diagnosis, the patient is followed closely without complications with appropriate medical follow-up. Congenital heart diseases can be seen alone or in association with other cardiac malformations. When there are suspicious findings in a patient with ebstein's anomaly, it may be associated with noncompaction cardiomyopathy, and screening with echocardiographic and cardiac MRI should be considered.
Change of complete blood count parameters according to blood type and smoking
Authors: İNCİ Habibe
Published: March 2023

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the change in the parameters of complete blood count depending on blood type and smoking status. The individuals were grouped according to their blood group type and status of cigarette use, and the statistical differences in their levels of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Platelet/Lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and Mean Platelet Volume/Lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR) were evaluated.3119 individuals participated in the study. 26.67% of them were smokers. According to the ABO blood group system, 44.47% of the participants had type A, 32.48% had type O, 16.09% had type B, and 6.96% had type AB. 88.81% of the participants were Rh(+) and 11.19% of them were Rh(-). The NLR, PLR, and MPVLR of the smokers were higher than those of the non-smokers. The participants’ NLR, PLR, and MPVLR levels showed statistically significant differences depending on ABO and Rh blood groups. This difference was seen to arise from ARh (+) individuals. The NLR, PLR, and MPVLR levels were the highest in ARh (+) individuals and the lowest in the ABRh (-) individuals. The NLR, PLR, and MPVLR values were the highest in the ARh (+) smokers and the lowest in ABRh (-) non-smokers. It was found that there were significant differences in the participants’ blood count parameters depending on blood type and smoking status. This may imply that ARh (+) individuals who smoke have higher parameters than those who have other blood groups and do not smoke, which may be beneficial in predicting the risk of chronic inflammation-related diseases.
The Turkish nation as a bridge. Imagining a nation in Turkish parliamentary discourses
Authors: AYKAÇ Erdogan
Published: March 2023

This article analyses Turkish parliamentary discourses towards Turkish communities living outside of Turkey from 1988 to 2016. It focuses particularly on the usage of the bridge metaphor in discursive strategies towards these communities; concentrated mainly in former Ottoman territories and parts of Eurasia. The article argues that Turkish parliamentarians used the bridge metaphor to frame Turkish communities as part of both the Turkish nation and the nation they lived in, thereby constituting their liminal and in-between identity. Parliamentarians continuously (re-)imagined, (re-)constructed, and (re-)produced the Turkish nation by using different discursive strategies that included uniqueness, sameness or difference. They used identity markers as ethnicity, language, geography, history, and religion to address these strategies. Metaphorically framing Turkish communities as a bridge provided them with a dominant bridge role, namely that of friendship and peace. By transforming Turkish communities into a bridge of friendship and peace, through different dimensions, they believed that they would have a positive and crucial role for the country they lived in and for Turkey. This bridge role provided opportunities as well as limits; illustrating the interplay between discourses and foreign policy developments.
Design of a hybridization between Tabu search and PAES algorithms to solve a multi-depot, multi-product green vehicle routing problem
Authors: Azuero-Ortiz Juan Sebastián , Gaviria-Hernández María Alejandr , Jiménez-Rodríguez Vicky Magnolia , Vale-Santiago Edgar José , González-Neira Eliana María
Published: March 2023

Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is a classic problem studied in logistic. One of the most important variations within this problem is called Green Vehicle Routing Problem (GVRP), in which environmental aspects are considered when designing product delivery routes. This variant arises due to the high levels of pollution produced by transport vehicles, so it is a variation whose study represents a vital impact nowadays. This project will consider a GVRP and will be developed considering the characteristics of multi-depot (MDVRP) and multi-product (MPVRP) to minimize the costs of assignation of vehicles and CO2 emissions. To solve the problem, this project proposes a hybridization between the classic tabu search (TS) metaheuristic and the PAES algorithm (TS+PAES) to generate the Pareto frontier of both objectives. An integer mixed linear programming model is formulated and developed for each objective function separately to have an optimal point of comparison for the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Also, the TS+PAES algorithm is compared to the nearest neighbor algorithm for large instances. Two computational experiments were carried out, one for small and the other one for large instances. The experiment for small instances showed that the GAP of each extreme of the frontier compared to the MILP model is on average 0.73%. For large instances, the metaheuristic improves in 0.1% the results presented by the MILP model showing that the metaheuristic provides closer near-optimal solutions in less computational time. Besides, the metaheuristic, in comparison with the nearest neighborhood heuristic, improves in 44.21% the results of emissions and in 3.88% the costs. All these results demonstrate the effectiveness of the metaheuristic.
A two-stage SEM-artificial neural network analysis of the organizational effects of Internet of things adoption in auditing firms
Authors: Rawashdeh Awni , Abaalkhail Layla , Bakhit Mashael
Published: March 2023

This paper examines the role of vision as a mediating variable of the relationship between organizational factors and IoT adoption in audit firms in the US. Using a combination of analyses based on structural equation modeling (SEM) and artificial neural network (ANN) technology as the primary research methodology. Seven hypotheses were accepted, including one related to the impact of vision on IoT adoption. In general, all accepted hypotheses had a positive effect on IoT adoption. In addition to the direct positive impact of vision on IoT technology adoption, the magnitude of that effect varied depending on the context of each hypothesis. Drawing evidence from the results, this study demonstrates that vision was a partial mediating variable in the relationship between the organizational factor and IoT adoption. As a result, the model can help audit firms adopt IoT technology successfully. On the other hand, it makes essential recommendations for implementing IoT technology in light of the role that vision plays as a mediating variable in this model. The Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework and Diffusion of Innovation theory (DOI) are combined with the vision to improve model predictive power.
A comparison between CNN and combined CNN-LSTM for chest X-ray based COVID-19 detection
Authors: Fachrel Julio , Pravitasari Anindya Apriliyanti , Yulita Intan Nurma , Ardhisasmita Mulya Nurmansyah , Indrayatna Fajar
Published: March 2023

COVID-19 detection through radiological examination is favoured since it is fast and produces more accurate results than the laboratory approach. However, when it has infected many people and put a strain on the healthcare system, the need for fast, automatic COVID-19 detection in patients has become critical. This study proposes to detect COVID-19 from chest X-ray (CXR) images with a machine learning approach. The main contributions of this paper are to compare two powerful deep learning models, i.e., convolutional neural networks (CNN) and the combination of CNN and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). In the combination model, CNN is recommended for feature extraction, and COVID-19 is classified using the features of LSTM. The dataset used in this study amounted to 4,095 CXR images, consisting of 1,400 images of normal conditions, 1,350 images of COVID-19, and 1,345 images of pneumonia. Both CNN and CNN-LSTM were executed in a similar experimental setup and evaluated using a confusion matrix. The experiment results provide evidence that the CNN-LTSM is better than the CNN deep learning model, with an overall accuracy of about 98.78%. Furthermore, it has a precision and recall of 99% and 98%, respectively. These findings will be valuable in the fast and accurate detection of COVID-19.
The odds of accident-type casualties in a Peruvian jungle road
Authors: Huaman Meza Angela Denisse , Meza Soto Gian Carlos , Chuquillanqui Guillen Jahir , Campomanes Giovene Perez
Published: March 2023

The current analysis analyzed the odds of casualties by road accidents. Hence, data were classified into tertiles for better research, and accident types were classified into five following the authority methodology: rollovers, crash, roadway departure, special accident, and car capsizing. Multi-logistic regression was employed for the data analysis. This research found that rollover was the most deadly accident, and the crash was the most probable to cause injuries.
Upper bound to second Hankel determinant for a family of bi-univalent functions
Authors: Wanas Abbas Kareem
Published: March 2023

In the current investigation, we study a certain family of analytic and bi-univalent functions with respect to symmetric conjugate points defined in the open unit disk $U$ and find an upper bounds for the second Hankel determinant $H_{2}(2)$ of the functions belongs to this class.
Bi-derivations and quasi-multipliers on module extensions Banach algebras
Authors: Jabbari Ali , Ebadian Ali
Published: March 2023

This paper characterize two bi-linear maps bi-derivations and quasi-multipliers on the module extension Banach algebra $A\oplus_1 X$, where $A$ is a Banach algebra and $X$ is a Banach $A$-module. Under some conditions, it is shown that if every bi-derivation on $A\oplus_1 A$ is inner, then the quotient group of bounded bi-derivations and inner bi-derivations, is equal to space of quasi-multipliers of $A$. Moreover, it is proved that $\mathrm{QM}(A \oplus_1 A)=\mathrm{QM}(A)\oplus (\mathrm{QM}(A)+\mathrm{QM}(A)')$, where $\mathrm{QM}(A)'=\{m\in \mathrm{QM}(A):m(0,a)=m(a,0)=0\}$.
A Comparative Study on Pre- and Post-operative Quality of life of Hernia patients
Authors: T Reji Reeja , Roy Athira , Ravi Krishna , Kumar R Sambath
Published: March 2023

Hernia repair is one of the common surgical procedures performed all over the world. Sociodemographic factors as well as lifestyle do have a greater weight on the development of hernia. Open and laparoscopic techniques are available for hernia repair, although most of the patients prefer laparoscopic techniques to open surgical procedure due to its minimum invasive capacity, reduced wound infection, shorter hospital stays etc. While considering the risk involved with surgery, evaluating the patient’s quality of life both before and after surgery is critical. This study was conducted among 104 eligible hernia patients and their data were collected by interviewing them. The pre- operative quality of life eligible candidates is compared to post-operative quality of life using a scale called European Registry for Abdominal Wall Hernias Quality of life (QOL) assessment scale (EuraHS) consist of 9 questions, for an interval of 6 months for each patient. The most common hernia type, risk factors, causes and post-operative complications were also noted. It was found out that there was a significant hike in QOL of hernia patients after surgery. This study shows the effectiveness of EuraHS-QOL Score in QOL Assessment of hernia patients. This scale has an excellent reliability and applicability in both ventral and groin hernias.
Comparative Pharmacotherapeutic effectiveness of Therapeutic Ointments in infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in cattle
Authors: Boranbayeva K. E. , Zamanbekov N. A. , Sattarova R. S. , Spiridonov G. N. , Zhylgeldiyeva A. A. , Turzhigitova Sh. B.
Published: March 2023

The analysis of the presented data shows that keratoconjunctivitis is quite often registered in cattle. Therefore, new medicinal substances have been developed for its treatment, namely, a polycomponent ointment and a phyto-ointment from local plant raw materials. As a result of the conducted research, reliable data were obtained indicating the beneficial effect of the developed ointments on individual biochemical blood parameters in sick animals. Studies have established that the complex application of the developed ointments contributes to the bio-correction and bio-normalization of metabolic processes in the body of sick animals, which is expressed by a significant increase in the quantitative values of hematological parameters, total protein and its fractional composition, β-lysine, lysozyme, lactoferrin, and bactericidal activity of blood serum. In the course of treatment, the greatest therapeutic effectiveness was established in the 3rd experimental group of animals, which used a combined treatment regimen with the alternating use of multicomponent ointment the Kazakh Scientific Research Veterinary Institute LLP (KazSRVI) and phyto-ointment KerKon. After applying the combined scheme, 33.3% of animals recovered by the 10th day from the start of treatment, and the full recovery of the majority of sick animals occurred within 11-16 days (66.7%). The obtained results of the research and production experiment showed that the most acceptable method was the use of a combined treatment regimen for sick animals, where the absolute effectiveness was 100%, compared to 80% in the control group.
Medicinal Herbs as Novel Therapies against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Mukhles , Emad Khadum Haneen , Saied Jassam Hanan Mohammed
Published: March 2023

Antibiotic development in the previous century resulted in a decrease in mortality and morbidity associated with infectious diseases, however their indiscriminate and irrational application resulted in the proliferation of resistant microbial populations. Pathogenic bacteria gain intrinsic resistance to antibiotics through a variety of techniques, including alteration of target sites, active efflux of drugs, and enzymatic degradation. This has resulted in an increased interest in medicinal plants, as 25–50% of existing pharmaceuticals are extracted from plants. Due to the diversity of secondary metabolites found in medicinal herbs, crude extracts can serve as an alternative source of resistance modifying agents. These metabolites (alkaloids, tannins, and polyphenols, for example) may have antimicrobial and resistance-modifying properties. Herb extracts can bind to protein domains, modifying or inhibiting protein–protein interactions. This enables herbals to act as potent modulators of host-related cellular processes, including immune response, mitosis, apoptosis, and signal transduction. Thus, they can exert their activity not only by destroying the microorganism but also by interfering with key events in the pathogenic process, reducing the ability of bacteria, fungi, and viruses to develop resistance to botanicals. The present review is intended to encourage research in which the extract's cidal activity is not the only factor considered, but also other mechanisms of action by which plants can fight drug-resistant microbes are investigated.
Significance of Hydrophobic Polymer in Novel Drug Delivery System
Authors: Yadav Aditi , Kumar Tiwari Ritesh , Singh Lalit
Published: March 2023

Polymers, due to their diverse topology and chemistry, account for a significant portion of the materials used in controlled release formulations and drug-targeting systems. They have played an integral role in the advancement of drug delivery technology by providing controlled release of therapeutic agents in constant doses over long periods, cyclic dosage, and tunable release of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. Eudragit is the brand name for a diverse range of polymethacrylate-based copolymers. It includes anionic, cationic, and neutral copolymers based on methacrylic acid and methacrylic/acrylic esters or their derivatives. Eudragits are amorphous polymers having glass transition temperatures between 9 to > 150o C. Eudragits are non-biodegradable, nonabsorbable, and nontoxic. Anionic Eudragit L dissolves at pH > 6 and is used for enteric coating, while Eudragit S, soluble at pH > 7 is used for colon targeting. In this review, the physicochemical characteristics and applications of different grades of Eudragit in colon-specific/enteric-coated/ sustained release drug delivery and taste masking have been addressed.
Antibacterial effect of Lignin Polymer on Multidrug Resistant Bacteria Identified by Vitek System
Authors: Hadi Hussein Safaa , Hatem Al-Mugdadi Suhad Faisal , Jalil Mjali Lec. Ali , Nather Latef Qabas , Ahmed Okhti Zahraa
Published: March 2023

Background: Widespread usage of antimicrobial drugs has increased the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and that's why we need new drugs. Lignin and its derivatives considered as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal and antimicrobial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lignin polymer against the bacteria isolated from clinical samples, and to study the antibiotic resistance pattern using the Vitek system. Materials and Methods: 50 clinical bacterial samples were collected from two hospitals in Baghdad city. All the isolates of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were subjected to Vitek system to determine the resistance for 12 antibiotics. The Soda lignin polymer had been prepared from the palm tree empty fruit/ Malaysia. The biological activity of lignin polymer against resistant bacteria was evaluated by well agar diffusion method. Results: According to the Vitek system, all the bacterial isolates were multi-resistance to many antibiotics. Lignin polymer dilutions inhibited the growth of some bacterial isolates, and it was more effective in all the concentrations with a good inhibition zone on Pseudomonas aeruginosa which reached to 20mm. Conclusion: Lignin polymer has an antibacterial effect against some pathogenic multidrug resistant bacteria isolated from clinical samples, including urine and wound infection. Lignin polymer was more effective in all the concentrations on the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a good inhibition zone.
Comparative Evaluation on the effect of Herbal mouthwash on Putative Periodontal Pathogens – In vitro study
Authors: Achu Joseph Reshma , Sabarish Ram , S Muthukumar. , Bhat Kishore , Balaji S. K.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The architecture of dental plaque biofilms provides a resistant environment for bacteria. Chemical plaque control agents containing antimicrobials (chlorhexidine, herbal mouthwash) are adjunctively used to halt the growth of dental plaque. In order to overcome the adverse effects that result due to the extensive use of synthetic formulation, several herbal preparations have been tested for their effectiveness. In the current study, the effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and herbal mouthwash in vitro on the planktonic and sessile phases of selected strains of putative periodontal pathogens are compared. Methods: The standard strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum were used for assessing the antimicrobial properties of the two mouthwashes. The methods of broth dilution and agar diffusion were used for assessing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in the planktonic phase. The antimicrobial effects in the sessile phase were determined by crystal violet microtiter assay. Results: The broth dilution method showed no statistical significant difference in MIC between the two mouthwashes. The agar diffusion method showed a statistically significant difference between the two types of mouthwashes against the F. nucleatum. The crystal violet microtiter assay suggested that the herbal mouthwash exhibited an antimicrobial effect even after 24 hrs on a mixed biofilm. Conclusion: Antimicrobial action exerted by the herbal mouthwash after 24 hrs was higher than that of CHX, against a biofilm constituting the three putative periodontal pathogens.
Aripana Art of Mithila Culture in Nepal: A Study of Symbols and Significance
Authors: Dulal Lok Nath , K. C. Raju , Singh Ankita
Published: March 2023

Nepal is a small and landlocked but richest country in diverse natural and cultural resources that are considered our heritage. Not only status and glory, but the unique identity of our nation is also represented by the temples, monasteries, images, different art forms, feasts, festivals, the mountains, rivers, forests, lakes as well as various beautiful places. Rest of the different art forms, Aripana is an important cultural heritage of Mithila region in Nepal. It is a floor painting painted especially on the court yard of the houses and other buildings in Mithila region, hence it is known as an amazing art heritage of Maithili culture. Mithila region and Maithili culture has advanced tradition of creating different forms of art both in religious and secular motifs. Among them as the floor painting Aripana is considered beautiful creation through the perspective of cultural heritage of not only in Mithila region but entire the nation. Although it is still not properly recognized among the scholars and researchers as the maters of study and research, hence, several aspects of Aripana painting is still remained under research. It is its research gaps and research problems as well. Therefore, for addressing the gaps and problems this paper has been prepared. The main aim of this paper is to explore and highlight the concept of Aripana painting, history and practices, creating methods and materials, types and typology, symbol and significant of such type of cultural heritage of Mithila region and Nepal as well.
Frattura e rachitismo in un’adolescente
Authors: Pacenti Erika , Lazzari Martina , Pugliese Fabrizio
Published: March 2023

The diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency (rickets) was finally made in a 13-year-old Pakistani girl who had fallen victim of bullying and social isolation during lockdown and who presented with multiple osteolytic femoral lesions.
Linguistic phenomena at play in the Saudi EFL classroom
Authors: Aljafen Bandar Saleh
Published: March 2023

The present study assesses the correlation between metalinguistic awareness and language dominance for bilingual Saudi EFL learners as such factors are responsible for successful intercultural communication. The study participants comprise convenience samples, a total of 166 EFL learners, selected by native-speaking EFL teachers from eight sections in the language and translation departments at Qassim University. The study also examines the vocabulary size of these participants who are all from the second and third levels of education by applying a cross-sectional survey approach. The aim is to understand the role of metalinguistic awareness and language dominance in the interactions of the sample who are comparably native in Arabic and English with native English speakers. Results of the study show that Saudi bilingual learners have high positive perceptions in lexical metalinguistic awareness and moderate levels with regard to language dominance. The study also shows that there is a correlation between metalinguistic awareness and language dominance (r=0.78) as the receptive and expressive vocabulary quantity are the significant predictors. Moreover, results show that vocabulary size is not affected by morphological metalinguistic awareness.
Developing an optimized recurrent neural network model for air quality prediction using K-means clustering and PCA dimension reduction
Authors: Surono Sugiyarto , Goh Khang Wen , Onn Choo Wou , Marestiani Ferna
Published: March 2023

Prediction is a means of forecasting a future value by using and analyzing historical or current data. A popular neural network architecture used as a prediction model is the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) because of its wide application and very high generalization performance. This study aims to improve the RNN prediction model’s accuracy using k-means grouping and PCA dimension reduction methods by comparing the five distance functions. Data were processed using Python software and the results obtained from the PCA calculation yielded three new variables or principal components out of the five examined. This study used an optimized RNN prediction model with k-means clustering by comparing the Euclidean, Manhattan, Canberra, Average, and Chebyshev distance functions as a measure of data grouping similarity to avoid being trapped in the local optimal solution. In addition, PCA dimension reduction was also used in facilitating multivariate data analysis. The k-means grouping showed that the most optimal distance is the average function producing a DBI value of 0.60855 and converging at the 9th iteration. The RNN prediction model results evaluated based on the number of RMSE errors which was 0.83, while that of MAPE was 8.62%. Therefore, it was concluded that the K-means and PCA methods generated a more optimal prediction model for the RNN method.
The Coming Tide of Wind Turbine Blades Retirement: Threats and Treatment Measures
Authors: Gao Zhengyu
Published: March 2023

Wind energy is a kind of clean energy widely used all over the world. Since the 10th of this century, the world has been facing the environmental problem of a large amount of waste produced by retired wind turbines. The blades are difficult to be recycled because of their high strength, corrosion resistance and special materials. The scrapping of wind turbines brings challenges to the sustainable utilization of wind energy. This paper studies the problems brought by the previous methods of treating waste wind turbine blades, including the impact on the surrounding soil and water environment, the emission of air pollutants and greenhouse gases, and the harm to animals, plants and microorganisms in the environment. This paper also introduces the current feasible recovery processes: the mechanical recovery process is relatively simple and has low energy consumption, but the application of the recovered materials is narrow; Thermal recovery can produce widely used products and its by-products have additional value, but the energy consumption is high; Chemical treatment can obtain high-quality recycled products, but the high cost and slow reaction speed make it difficult to deal with a large number of waste blades. The biological treatment methods which has certain application prospect are expected. At the same time, from the perspective of waste generation, this paper studied the recyclable blade materials that includes thermoplastic resin and biomass composites, which provides a feasible way to completely solve the problem of waste wind power blades in the future.
Future Vehicle Trend: A Comparative Study of the Fuel Vehicle, Electrical Vehicle, and Hybrid Vehicles
Authors: Deng Yueming
Published: March 2023

As the second largest carbon emission industry in the world, the automobile industry faces serious energy consumption and environmental pollution problems. The development of a low-carbon economy requires cars to achieve low energy consumption, lower emissions require the development of more advanced and environmentally friendly technologies. Three dominant kinds of vehicles, fuel vehicles, electrical vehicles, and hybrid vehicles will be explored in this paper. Section one introduces the types of fuel vehicles, the factors that affect them, and their negative impact on the environment. Section two focuses on the advantages of hybrid vehicles over gasoline and pure electric vehicles in terms of their operation and driving costs. Section two discusses the advantages of hybrid vehicles compared to gasoline and electric vehicles in terms of their operation and driving costs. In section three, the characteristics of various types of electric vehicles are comprehensively evaluated, and the prospects of the exhibition of electric vehicles are discussed. Finally, the future development trend of electric vehicles is forecasted.
Recent Advanced Bionic-inspired Aircrafts
Authors: Zhang JingJing
Published: March 2023

Aircrafts is a noun which means the vehicle can travelling in air. The invention of bionic-inspired aircrafts makes human thousand years dream come true. Even though it still have problems that need be solved, human already walk a big step in this field. Recently, further researches brings better future and imagination to human. The concept of Micro Air Vehicle tells human that this technology has an opportunity to be used in military. This paper is about recent research and invention of bionic-inspired aircrafts, including introduction of existed types of bionic-inspired aircrafts. Briefly introduce the history of this technique. Stating the status quo of bionic-inspired aircrafts. Expounding the mechanics of bionic-inspired aircrafts. Looking forward of the future of this technique. Helping readers use less amount of time to have a basic understanding of bionic-inspired aircrafts.
Differences in the Torque Speed between Electric and Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Yu Shiqi , Zheng Yijia
Published: March 2023

In the 21st century, it is quite modish to buy a high-performance car, and the performance of the car can be closely related to the engine, the acceleration, the efficiency, and it is also related to the engine, and these two kinds of factors can also be linked to the new notion is known as pressurization, so that is the reason why the manufacturer foster so many high technologies to make the air with higher pressure. There are four types of engines for cars discussed in this paper, turbocharged, supercharged, naturally aspirated and harmonic. A brief introduction to torque will also be given, including the concept of torque, the relationship between drive force and torque, and other knowledge of torque. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of engines will be discussed and there will be a summary of choices for a private car around comfort, economy and safety.
Application of Transmission Line Tower Foundation Protection in Power Engineering
Authors: Bao Zhen , Ji Xia
Published: March 2023

The area of mountains, hills and plateaus in China accounts for about 69% of the total land area of the country. It is inevitable that the UHV and HV transmission lines under construction will be built in areas with complex geomorphic characteristics. This paper mainly describes the application of transmission line towers in practical projects, from geological survey, tower stability to foundation reinforcement solutions.
Developing Universal Cure and Other Tools based on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Literature Review
Authors: Zhou Leshi
Published: March 2023

The start of the outbreak of COVID-19 poses a challenge to every citizen in the world, regardless of our different occupations. Today, people have grown more familiar to not only to the methods of prevention for COVID-19, but also the biochemistry of the disease, thanks to the intense research done about COVID-19. The understanding of COVID-19 also facilitates in producing cures for both COVID-19 and other contagious diseases that can possibly lead to an outbreak. The knowledge accumulated from past research and newly discovered research methods plays a significant role in the success of the global knowledge of COVID-19. New understandings gained from investigating COVID-19 will improve our understanding to coronaviruses in general, and aid in future studies in the field of virology and other related fields. Examples of techniques that aided COVID-19 study are viral neutralization, lipid nanoparticle technology, polymerase chain reaction, observational and molecular research. In addition, the outbreak has increased awareness of global health. Currently, there are still many unanswered questions of COVID-19, such as questions related to long covid, the origin of SARS-CoV-2, and the surprising number of mutations of Omicron, which will be answered by further and future studies. Molecular studies include collecting samples of viruses found in the environment and analyzing their viral sequence. Internet research is also an important part of studying a certain disease or virus. Through using specific examples to explain how people different groups of people view COVID-19 and the production process of pandemic facilities, the literature review highlights the importance of utilizing technology, conducting scientific research, and staying alerted for the unexpected, as we can greatly improve global health and prevent future pandemics.
The Summarization of Split Brain Study of Last Few Decades
Authors: Zhu Yuqiao
Published: March 2023

At the end of last century, scientists began to explore cortical circuit of cognition and memory with split-brain surgery. Later, they tried to treat epilepsy with split-brain surgery and achieved certain results. Since then, scientists have tried to understand the functional differences between the left and right hemispheres and the effects of the split brain on behavioral cognition by working with different animals as well as patients with the split brain. The ongoing study of split-brain provides theoretical explanations for clinical brain imaging findings and continues to help us understand the mechanisms of cognition and memory. Split-brain patients are always valuable samples for scientists to study inter-hemispheric structural and functional connectivity, differences in the two hemispheres, integration of sensory, motor, and spatial information, and general behaviour. The following information summarizes split-brain related concepts and includes methods and experiments to find the results for the studies mentioned above to help readers understand how these achievements were reached.
Detecting Collectable Resources on Computer Game Based on the Neural Network
Authors: Shen Qianhe
Published: March 2023

Image recognition and classification were put in used in many places in recent years thanks to the great progress in machine learning and neural networks. However, seldom evidence indicate applications of image recognition in computer games. Since games are gradually becoming part of peoples life, it is the time to put the focus on those who are unable to enjoy this entertainment. Nowadays computer games often include the element of collecting e.g. (materials or treasure). A program that could automatically mark those collectable objects would significantly improve the gaming experience for those who have disability in their eyes. In this work the game Destiny 2 was used for training and testing and training model chose was Yolov5. 1,500 of images were put into the data set and trained with 350 epochs. The model eventually achieved 0.82 in precision, 0.96 in recall and 0.91 in F1. It also gets the average mAP value of 0.93. These results can strongly prove that this model has the potential to be used in real scenarios.
Composition analysis and identification model of ancient glass products based on Spearman correlation coefficient and BP neural network
Authors: Yang Xiang , Wang Wencheng , Zhou Yanxia
Published: March 2023

This paper analyzes the composition of glass products by statistical analysis of known data and then uses Spearman's correlation coefficient analysis model to analyze the composition of glass products, and uses BP neural network to build a prediction and classification model. We use BP neural network to build a prediction and classification model for the composition of glass products and classify the types. In this paper, a BP neural network classification model is constructed using C language. The number of neuron nodes in the input layer and the number of neuron nodes in the output layer are selected. The chemical composition content of the existing sample data is used as the input layer and the category is converted to the output layer after data pre-processing. Finally, a BP neural network classification model with very low classification error is obtained. The sensitivity of the classification results is obtained by sample carryover network calibration and Spearman correlation coefficient.
Multi-task panoramic driving perception algorithm based on improved YOLOv5
Authors: Zeng Xin , Qi Yong , Liu Mingjun
Published: March 2023

Panoramic driving perception algorithm is becoming more and more important in the field of autonomous driving. A multi-task panoramic driving perception algorithm can quickly help vehicles make reasonable decisions. Aiming at the real-time high-precision problem of a multi-task panoramic driving perception algorithm, a multi-task panoramic Driving perception algorithm based on YOLOv5 structure is proposed. The algorithm consists of a backbone network for feature extraction and two branch networks for specific tasks. The C3 module in the original backbone network of YOLOv5 is replaced with an inversion residual bottleneck module to reduce the computation amount of the network and improve the network recognition accuracy. This algorithm proposes a new branch network, which can simultaneously train the segmentation of driveable area and lane detection, and improve the speed of feature extraction. In BDD100K, the public data set of Berkeley AI Laboratory, the detection speed of the algorithm proposed in this paper reaches 110FPS, which is 19FPS higher than that of the algorithm before improvement. The detection accuracy of traffic target detection reaches 77.2%, and the detection accuracy of lane line detection reaches 71.1%. It can well meet the real-time requirements of panoramic driving perception.
Cooperative Area Search Algorithm for Multi-UAVs in Uncertain Battlefield Environment
Authors: Zhu Xinru , Huang Yanyan , Wang Kaisheng , Cao Chengcai
Published: March 2023

Aiming at the problem of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) cooperative area search in uncertain battlefield environment, a multi-UAVs cooperative area search algorithm based on co-evolutionary genetic algorithm (CEGA) is proposed. Firstly, the raster Map and extended Search Probability Map (SPM) model of the task area are constructed, the UAV state model and sensor detection model are established, and the search environment updating method based on the Bayesian criterion is presented. Then, considering the cooperative elements of multi-UAVs, the cooperative area search planning model is established, and based on the rolling optimization idea, the co-evolutionary genetic algorithm with elite retention strategy is used to optimize the solution, and the multi-UAVs cooperative search paths are generated. Through simulation experiments and comparative analysis, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified.
Programmed Cell Death 1 checkpoint inhibitors as cancer therapies
Authors: Wen Qifan
Published: March 2023

CD279 protein, also well known as the programmed-cell-death-protein-1 or PD-L1, is identified as a surface protein found primarily on T lymphocytes, and B cells, serving for regulating autoimmune responses. It functions by limiting T cell inflammatory responses towards self-cells, preventing autoimmune diseases but at the same time forestalling the immune system from killing cancer cells. PD-1 along with its receptor programmed-cell-death-protein-1-ligand, or PD-L1, forms the programmed cell death pathway which promotes the programmed cell death or apoptosis of antigen specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the lymph nodes through self-selection, supporting survival of T regulatory cells by limiting apoptosis events among these cells. It is commonly used as a target for immune checkpoint and monoclonal antibody treatments in certain cancer types, therefore understanding the mechanism of the PD1 pathway is crucial for development of combined immunotherapies and prognosis. Most treatments blocks PD-1 in order to initiate anti-tumor activities by galvanizing T cell activities. However, for certain types of cancer and some patients prone to develop drug resistances, PD-1 related cancer treatment may have unsatisfying result. In this paper, we focus on gathering the mechanism and treatment related with PD-1 pathway. We also discuss the ethics, safety, and side effects of particular drugs utilizing the PD-1 pathway and the promising future for combination therapies.
Brain-Computer Interface-Based Procedure for The Improvement of Autism
Authors: Xu Linfei
Published: March 2023

Brain-computer interface refers to the computer-based system that acquires neural signals in human brains, analyses and translates them into data and commands that can be further studies via algorithm. These features introduce new opportunities in the treatment of neuropsychological disorders, opening the door to many advances in the field. Although there have been many pharmacological and counselling therapies for psychological disorders over the last few decades, we are not aware of any complete cure programme that can cure some spontaneous neurological disorders such as autism (ASD). In contrast, there are new breakthroughs and significant advances in BCI technology, which uses external stimulation and guidance to treat internal neuronal problems. This paper highlights research conducted to provide knowledge on the application of BCI-based interventions for Memory, recognition, understanding, cooperation, correspondence, and emotional development. The application of non-invasive treatment of autism for BCI types is investigated based on representative, and latest research in the field. The paper also discusses the progress and further improvement of BCI research, while investigating different BCI paradigms, and the long-term effects of this technology. The future directions for researching BCI-based applications are discussed for reconstruction and mentoring of patients with ASD.
Current Perspective of Brain-Computer Interface Technology on Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Chen Xuyang , Huang Yutao , Zhuang Shixiang
Published: March 2023

This work find that the current literature review of brain-computer interface (BCI) in the treatment for the people suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a relatively unexploited field compared to other application of BCI techniques. Through our literature retrieval strategy, starting from the theoretical basis of BCI in the treatment of MCI and the pathological basis of MCI, this paper explains the advantages and importance of introducing brain-computer interface into the treatment of MCI. Then, starting from the mode of obtaining brain-related information from BCI, the paper describes the detection methods and possible treatment methods of BCI in the field of treating MCI by applying multiple BCI-related methods such as BCI-based EEG method, BCI-based fMRI method, and BCI-based fNIRS method. This paper also discusses how these BCI-based methods can be combined and interact with each other to provide a better detection and treatment for MCI diagnosis and rehabilitation. Finally, the above several forms of BCI are used to describe the possible future development direction and the existing difficulties of these methods, and why these difficulties may prevent researchers from applying these methods to the actual clinical practices.
Progress of CRISPR/Cas9 in the treatment of sickle cell disease
Authors: Yang Zhihao
Published: March 2023

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary monogenic disease, which is characterized by the substitution of glutamic acid at the sixth position of β-peptide chain by valine, resulting in insufficient hemoglobin synthesis and a serious threats to human health. SCD causes about 80% of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Patients with SCD who are homozygous usually die before the age of 30. Patients with SCD who are heterozygous usually have a better prognosis because of their low intraerythrocytic hemoglobin S. However, FDA-approved drugs such as hydroxyurea and L-glutamine can reduce the severity of the disease, and there is no definite cure for all patients with SCD. At this stage, many scholars use creation and correction methods to induce pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs) to treat sickle cell disease. Gene editing is currently considered to be one of the most potential methods for the treatment of SCD. Among them CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing engineering technology has already made an abyss contribution to the transformation of genome engineering and its application in clinical or medical experiments. This review systematically introduces the gene therapy of CRISPR/Cas9, and summarizes the challenges and prospects of this technique in the treatment of sickle cell anemia.
Gene drive system based on CRISPR-Cas9 in mosquito control
Authors: Liu Yutian , Wang Liru , Yu Yaoran
Published: March 2023

Malaria, which is primarily transmitted by female mosquitoes, is increasing recognized as a global public health problem. Since the number of malaria cases remains high, with more than 200 million cases globally in 2019 alone, the development of new drugs and corresponding prevention and control measures are in urgent need. With the development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in recent years, gene editing technology plays an increasingly significant role in mosquito control. A new generation of gene drive based on CRISPR/Cas9 has been applied into improving the heritability of specific genes in mosquito populations, which can be exploited to control mosquito and combat diseases transmitted by mosquito. However, this technology still faces challenges of ecological environment safety, ethical safety and technical effectiveness. This review introduces the current research status of gene drive systems for mosquito control using the CRISPR/Cas 9 system, and summarizes the current problems and solutions in this research field.
Modalities of Neuromodulation for Neurological Diseases
Authors: Kong Lanhe , Wang Ruqi
Published: March 2023

Neurological diseases have attracted much attention as they have become the second leading cause of death worldwide. Several works on neuromodulation were reported to improve patients' quality of life or the body's functionality. After the early discovery of the gating theory, electrical stimulation was used to relieve chronic pain. In recent years, several other neuromodulation techniques, including thermal, and pharmacological stimulation, were proposed to improve the effectiveness. In this paper, some of the related researches on electrical, thermal, and pharmacological stimulation are summarized. Scientists are searching for more suitable therapies for neuromodulation now, including improving probe and electrode materials based on existing protocols. In terms of thermal stimulation, light-induced heating of heat conversion materials are introduced. The three administration routes of oral, intravenous and micropump in pharmacological are also mentioned. It also highlight the researches that combine some new cutting-edge technologies (e.g. nanotechnology) with the neuromodulation technique. In the end, the advantages and disadvantages are discussed, and the prospects are forecasted.