bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brace for Impact: Facing the AI Revolution and Geopolitical Shifts in a Future Societal Scenario for 2025–2040
Authors: Gerlich Michael
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the profound and multifaceted impacts of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and geopolitical developments on global dynamics by 2040. Utilising a Delphi process coupled with probabilistic modelling, the research constructs detailed scenarios that reveal the cascading effects of these emerging forces across economic, societal, and security domains. The findings underscore the transformative potential of AI, predicting significant shifts in employment patterns, regulatory challenges, and societal structures. Specifically, the study forecasts a high probability of AI-induced unemployment reaching 40–50%, alongside the rapid evolution of AI technologies, outpacing existing governance frameworks, which could exacerbate economic inequalities and societal fragmentation. Simultaneously, the study examines the critical role of geopolitical developments, identifying increased nationalisation, the expansion of conflicts such as the Russia–Ukraine war, and the strategic manoeuvres of major powers like China and Israel as key factors that will shape the future global landscape. The research highlights a worrying lack of preparedness among governments and societies, with a 10% probability of their being equipped to manage the complex risks posed by these developments. This low level of readiness is further complicated by the short-term orientation prevalent in Western businesses, which prioritise immediate returns over long-term strategic planning, thereby undermining the capacity to respond effectively to these global challenges. The study calls for urgent, forward-looking policies and international cooperation to address the risks and opportunities associated with AI and geopolitical shifts. It emphasises the need for proactive governance, cross-sector collaboration, and robust regulatory frameworks to ensure that the benefits of technological and geopolitical advancements are harnessed without compromising global stability or societal well-being. As the world stands on the brink of unprecedented change, the findings of this study provide a crucial roadmap for navigating the uncertainties of the future.
Natural Resource Dependence and Household Adaptive Capacity: Understanding the Linkages in the Context of Disaster Resettlement
Authors: Dou Bei , Xu Jie , Song Zhe , Feng Weilin , Liu Wei
Published: September 2024

The largest disaster reduction and relocation project was conducted in Shaanxi Province, China, in an effort to reduce the threat of natural disasters and preserve the environment. Although the literature has attempted to assess the economic and ecological impacts of the project quantitatively, there is currently a dearth of research on the connection between resource dependence and adaptive capacity at the rural household levels. Using survey data from southern Shaanxi, China, this study evaluated and quantified natural resource dependence (NRD) and household adaptive capacity (HAC) in the context of disaster resettlement. Simultaneously, we explored the differences in NRD and HAC among various groups and relocation characteristics. An ordinary least squares regression model was used to specifically examine the relationship between them. The results indicated that, first, NRD was significantly and positively related to HAC. Second, the dependence of relocated households on energy, food, and income had a significantly positive correlation with HAC. Third, compared to local, involuntary, and scattered resettlement households, the HAC of relocated households, voluntary relocated households, and centralized resettlement households is substantially lower. The aforementioned findings have significant policy implications for rural China and other developing nations, as they can help reduce natural resource dependence and increase adaptive capacity.
Finite Element Structural Analysis and Optimization of Sustainable Oil-Absorbing Concrete Slope Retaining Wall
Authors: Li Tong , Yang Zeyu , Liu Xiaochen , Dong Bingqiang , Wu Donghui , Wang Dongli
Published: September 2024

Addressing the issue of oil pollutants and their impact on environmental sustainability, this study prepared sustainable oil-absorbent concrete through particle size adjustment and chemical modification methods. The effects of alkaline activators and seashell powder on the strength and oil absorption performance of the sustainable oil-absorbent concrete were investigated. Based on this, retaining wall blocks with different structural forms were designed for use as oil-absorbing functional concrete materials. Retaining walls with different structural forms and arrangements were calculated by ABAQUS, and their stress and displacement were compared to select the best structural form and arrangement. The research findings indicate that NaOH adversely affected the oil absorption capacity of sustainable oil-absorbent concrete, resulting in a decrease in oil absorption from 207.70 kg/m3 to 104.56 kg/m3; however, it enhanced the compressive strength of the concrete, increasing the 28-day compressive strength by 5.02%. The incorporation of seashell powder exerted a detrimental effect on both the compressive strength and oil absorption performance of the sustainable oil-absorbent concrete. The finite element analysis results show that L-shaped retaining wall bricks with vegetation cavity had better anti-deformation ability, and under the inverted arrangement, the maximum deformation of the retaining wall was 1.148 mm, which was the smallest of all working conditions. This study provides an effective reference for the design of sustainable oil-absorbing concrete retaining walls with oil adsorption capacity.
Biological Diversity and Nutritional Importance of Allium Perennial Vegetable Species
Authors: Čepulienė Vaida , Juškevičienė Danguolė , Viškelis Jonas , Morkeliūnė Armina , Karklelienė Rasa
Published: September 2024

The Allium genus belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. These species are native to the Northern Hemisphere and grow in various regions. Among Lithuania’s perennial Allium plant species, the most well known and cultivated are Allium schoenoprasum L., Allium angulosum L., Allium nutans L., Allium fistulosum L., and Allium ursinum L. These Allium species are important for practical insights and are discussed in this review to present their specific features. The changing climate impacts perennial plants’ agrobiological and nutritional properties, but not all kinds can adapt to new conditions, reducing species diversity. Perennial Allium species adapt well in local growing areas, but yields remain constant or may increase when the bulbs are transplanted under conditions similar to the plant’s native growing location. In addition, the susceptibility of garlic to pests and pathogens also poses a serious threat to genetic resources stored in uncontrolled field collections. Since ancient times, Allium species have played a significant role in the human diet, in traditional medicine for many ailments the treatment of, and in official medicine as a supplemental ingredient. This review analyzes the nutritional importance and consumption of the perennial Allium species, their biochemical composition, and their tolerance to environmental conditions.
Effect of Financial Support on the Green Technology Innovation of China’s Equipment-Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Li Jincheng , Wang Qian
Published: September 2024

Green technology innovation (GTI) promotes the green, low-carbon transformation of equipment-manufacturing enterprises, helping to achieve sustainable development. Providing financial support for GTI can help alleviate firms’ financing constraints. Based on evolutionary game theory, this study analyzes the effect of financial support on GTI using a sample of listed Chinese equipment-manufacturing companies spanning 2015–2022. The results show that the combined support of financial institutions and the government can support enterprises’ GTI. Furthermore, the strength of financial support and the quality of environmental information disclosure affect firms’ willingness to undertake GTI. The empirical study shows that while credit support and government support positively affect firms’ GTI, equity support has a significant negative effect. Heterogeneity analysis shows that credit and government support can more effectively promote firms’ GTI when there is high-quality environmental information disclosure and intense market competition; equity support, meanwhile, has an inhibiting effect. This study enriches the literature on financial support’s effect on GTI in the equipment-manufacturing industry and can help guide governments and financial institutions to formulate policies and strategies to support firms’ GTI.
One-Step Spark Plasma Erosion Processing of Carbon-Coated Sn-Si Nanoparticles for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: White Emma Marie Hamilton , Rueschhoff Lisa M. , Kobayashi Takeshi , Bloh Jonathan Z. , Martin Steve W. , Anderson Iver E.
Published: September 2024

High density portable energy storage is desirable owing to the energy requirements of portable electronics and electric vehicles. The Li-ion battery’s high energy density could be even further improved through the utilization of alternative materials (instead of carbon) for the anode, such as Sn or Si. Nonetheless, the large volume expansion upon lithiation, up to ~300% for Li22Si5, causes pulverization and rapid capacity degradation during cycling. Sn also forms a Li22Sn5 compound with the equivalent stoichiometric Li capacity but with enhanced ductility. Nano-sized Si and Sn have demonstrated distinctive nanoscale properties, facilitating the retention of higher capacities, particularly when coated with carbon, which improves mechanical stability. To date, the methods of synthesizing coated Si, Sn, or Si-Sn alloyed nanoparticles are complicated, costly, and not readily scalable to meet the demands of cost-effective manufacturing. Spark plasma erosion in a hydrocarbon dielectric has been explored as a one-step process to produce Sn-Si alloy nanoparticles coated with a thin carbon film, offering a scalable and cost-effective processing route. The resulting Sn-Si particles exhibited a bi-modal size distribution at ~5 nm and ~500 nm and were carbon-coated, as intended, from the hydrocarbon dielectric breakdown. The spark-eroded nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized using TEM/EDS, XPS, AES, SSNMR, and TGA, and their improved electrochemical performance was assessed through half-cell experiments.
Editorial for the Special Issue of “Fractional Differential and Fractional Integro-Differential Equations: Qualitative Theory, Numerical Simulations, and Symmetry Analysis”
Authors: Tunç Cemil , Yao Jen-Chih , Benchohra Mouffak , El-Sayed Ahmed M. A.
Published: September 2024

The fractional calculus is a specific case of classical calculus, as is well known [...]
Digital Transformation and Innovation: The Influence of Digital Technologies on Turnover from Innovation Activities and Types of Innovation
Authors: Vărzaru Anca Antoaneta , Bocean Claudiu George
Published: September 2024

In today’s competitive and globalized world, innovation is essential for organizational survival, offering a means for companies to address environmental impacts and social challenges. As innovation processes accelerate, managers need to rethink the entire value-creation chain, with digital transformation emerging as a continuous process of organizational adaptation to the evolving societal landscape. The research question focuses on how digital technologies—such as artificial intelligence, Big Data, cloud computing, industrial and service robots, and the Internet of Things—influence innovation-driven revenues among enterprises within the European Union (EU). The paper examines, using neural network analysis, the specific impact of each digital technology on innovation revenues while exploring how these technologies affect various types of social innovation within organizations. Through cluster analysis, the study identifies patterns among EU countries based on their digital technology adoption, innovation expenditures, and revenues and the proportion of enterprises engaged in innovation activities. The findings highlight the central role of digital technologies in enhancing innovation and competitiveness, with significant implications for managers and policymakers. These results underscore the necessity for companies to strategically integrate digital technologies to sustain long-term competitiveness in the rapidly evolving digital landscape of the EU.
Complex Business Environment Systems and Corporate Innovation
Authors: Gao Yu , Sun Xiaojie , Liu Na , Zhang Wenyu , Xu Jian
Published: September 2024

Sustainable development has become a corporate goal all over the world, and innovation as a crucial prerequisite for sustainable development has attracted much attention. This study investigates the relationship between the business environment and corporate innovation in Chinese A-share listed enterprises from 2017 to 2020. We use a complex indicator to measure the business environment and use multiple regression models to conduct the analysis. The findings suggest that a favorable business environment promotes corporate innovation by reducing financing constraints and environmental uncertainty. Compared to non-state-owned enterprises, the positive impact of the business environment on corporate innovation is enhanced in state-owned enterprises. Concentrated ownership enhances the positive impact of a favorable business environment on corporate innovation. Our study provides a new analytical perspective on the relationship between the business environment and corporate innovation in the context of China.
Investigating the Impact of Mental Stress on Electrocardiological Signals through the Use of Virtual Reality
Authors: Lebamovski Penio , Gospodinova Evgeniya
Published: September 2024

This article presents a new 3D extreme game for virtual reality (VR), which is used to evaluate the impact of generated mental stress on the cardiological state of the playing individuals. The game was developed using Java 3D and Blender. Generated stress is investigated by recording electrocardiograms for 20 min and determining heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in the time and frequency domains and by non-linear visual and quantitative analysis methods, such as the Rescaled Range (R/S) method, Poincarè plot, Recurrence plot, Approximate (ApEn), and Sample Entropy (SampEn). The data of 19 volunteers were analyzed before and immediately after the game, and a comparative analysis was made of two types of VR: immersive and non-immersive. The results show that the application of immersive VR generates higher mental stress levels than non-immersive VR, but in both cases, HRV changes (decreases), but more significantly in immersive VR. The results of this research can provide useful information about the functioning of the autonomic nervous system, which regulates the reactions of the human body during mental stress, to help in the early detection of potential health problems.
An Ultrasonographic Analysis of the Deep Inferior Tendon in the Masseter Muscle: Implications for Botulinum Toxin Injections
Authors: Shi Jia , Li Chenyang , Zhou Jinbo , Guo Xinyu , Li Guo , You Meng
Published: September 2024

(1) Background: With the increasing aesthetic pursuit of facial features, the clinical use of Botulinum Toxin Type A (BoNT-A) injections for masseter hypertrophy has been on the rise. However, due to variations in masseter muscle structure and differences in clinicians’ injection techniques, blind injections may lack precision, potentially compromising treatment accuracy and increasing the risk of complications. (2) Objectives: The study aims to use ultrasonography to detail the deep inferior tendon (DIT) within the masseter muscle in a young Chinese cohort, refine its classification, analyze muscle belly thickness and variations across groups, and propose a customized ultrasound-guided BoNT-A injection protocol. (3) Methods: Ultrasound imaging was used to observe the bilateral masseter muscles at rest and during clenching. The features of the DIT were classified from these images, and the thickness of the masseter’s distinct bellies associated with the DIT types was measured in both states. (4) Results: The study cohort included 103 participants (27 male, 76 female), with 30 muscles in the normal masseter group and 176 muscles in the hypertrophy group. The DIT was categorized as Type A, B (subtypes B1, B2), and C. The distribution of these types was consistent across normal, hypertrophic, and gender groups, all following the same trend (B > A > C). In hypertrophy, Type B1 showed uniform thickness across masseter bellies, B2 presented with a thinner intermediate belly, and Type C had mainly superficial muscle enlargement. Changes in muscle thickness during clenching were noted but not statistically significant among different bellies. (5) Conclusions: The study evidences individual variation in the DIT, highlighting the importance of precise DIT classification for effective BoNT-A injections. A tailored ultrasound-guided BoNT-A injection strategy based on this classification may enhance safety and efficacy of the therapy.
Predicting Solar Cycles with a Parametric Time Series Model
Authors: Petrovay Kristof
Published: September 2024

The objective of this paper is to reproduce and predict the series of solar cycle amplitudes using a simple time-series model that takes into account the variable time scale of the Gleissberg oscillation and the absence of clear evidence for odd–even alternation prior to Solar Cycle 9 (SC9). It is demonstrated that the Gleissberg oscillation can be quite satisfactorily modelled as a sinusoidal variation of constant amplitude with a period increasing linearly with time. Subtracting this model from the actual cycle amplitudes, a clear even–odd alternating pattern is discerned in the time series of the residuals since SC9. For this period of time, the mean value of the residuals for odd-numbered cycles is shown to exceed the value for even-numbered cycles by more than 4σ, providing the clearest evidence yet for a persistent odd–even–odd alternation in cycle amplitudes. Random deviations from these means are less than half the standard deviation of the raw cycle amplitude time series for the same period, which allows the use of these regularities for solar cycle prediction with substantially better confidence than the simple climatological average. Predicted cycle amplitudes are found to be robust against the addition or omission of some data points from the input set, and the method correctly hindcasts SC23 and SC24. The potential physical background of the regularities is also discussed. Our predictions for the amplitudes of SC25, SC26, and SC27 are 155.8±20.7, 96.9±25.1 and 140.8±20.7, respectively. This suggests that the amplitude of SC26 will be even lower than that of SC24, making it the weakest cycle since the Dalton Minimum.
Initial State in Quantum Cosmology and the Proper Mass of the Universe
Authors: Gorobey Natalia , Lukyanenko Alexander , Goltsev Alexander V.
Published: September 2024

In the Euclidean form of the theory of gravity, where there is no dedicated time parameter, a generalized canonical form of the principle of least action is proposed. On its basis, the quantum principle of least action is formulated, in which the “dynamics” of the universe in the Origin is described by the eigenvector of the action operator—the wave functional on the space of 4D Riemannian geometries and configurations of matter fields in some compact region of 4D space. The corresponding eigenvalue of the action operator determines the initial state for the world history of the universe outside this region, where the metric signature is Lorentzian and, thus, the time parameter exists. The boundary of the Origin region is determined by the condition that the rate of change of the determinant of the 3D metric tensor is zero on it. The size of the Origin is interpreted as a reciprocal temperature of the universe in the initial state. It has been suggested that in the initial state, the universe contains a certain distribution of its own mass, which is not directly related to the fields of matter.
The Operational Meaning of Total Energy of Isolated Systems in General Relativity
Authors: Ashtekar Abhay , Speziale Simone
Published: September 2024

We present thought experiments to measure the Arnowitt–Deser–Misner EADM and Bondi–Sachs energy EBS of isolated systems in general relativity. The expression of EBS used in the protocol is likely to have other applications. In particular, it is well-suited to be promoted to an operator in non-perturbative loop quantum gravity.
Changes in the HIV Epidemic in Lower Silesia, Poland, Between 2010 and 2020: The Characteristics of the Key Populations
Authors: Kozieł Aleksandra , Cieślik Aleksandra , Janek Łucja , Szymczak Aleksandra , Domański Igor , Knysz Brygida , Szetela Bartosz
Published: September 2024

The HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) epidemic remains a significant public health issue, requiring ongoing access to preventive methods. This study aimed to analyze the evolution of the HIV epidemic in Lower Silesia from 2010 to 2020, focusing on the key populations. A retrospective analysis of the medical records from newly diagnosed HIV patients at a major HIV clinic in Wroclaw was conducted, examining demographic data, infection routes, and laboratory results. An 84% increase in newly diagnosed HIV cases was observed over the decade, with the most common route of infection being sex between men (70% among those with a known infection route). These patients were generally in better clinical condition compared to their heterosexual counterparts, as indicated by a higher median CD4+ T cell count (465/μL vs. 250/μL). The changes in clinical status and infection routes were statistically significant. The HIV epidemic in Lower Silesia has shifted, with a notable rise in new infections among men who have sex with men. Heterosexual patients were often diagnosed at more advanced stages. Prevention strategies should adapt to these changing trends, with education and testing accessibility remaining priorities nationwide.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus and Factors Associated with It in Armenia, 2021
Authors: Demirchyan Anahit , Mozalevskis Antons , Sahakyan Serine , Musheghyan Lusine , Aslanyan Lusine , Muradyan Diana , Sargsyants Narina , Ghukasyan Gayane , Petrosyan Varduhi
Published: September 2024

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is among the leading causes of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Knowledge of its prevalence and risk factors can help to effectively fight the virus. This study was the first to investigate the seroprevalence of HCV, its genotypes, and factors associated with it among the general adult population of Armenia selected countrywide via cluster sampling. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected using third-generation immunoassay. Polymerase chain reaction and genotyping was performed among anti-HCV-positive individuals. Shortly after testing, the participants underwent a telephone survey. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with anti-HCV antibody positivity and chronic HCV infection. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies among 3831 tested individuals was 2% (99% CI 1.4, 2.5), and chronic HCV infection was 0.7% (99% CI 0.4, 1.0), with genotypes 3 and 2 being the most common. The risk factors for chronic HCV infection included self-reported chronic liver disease (95% CI 1.47, 15.28), having tattoos (95% CI 1.34, 10.94), ever smoking (95% CI 1.16, 9.18), and testing positive for hepatitis B virus core antibody (95% CI 1.02, 7.17). These risk factors demonstrate that there could be room for strengthening infection control measures to prevent the transmission of HCV in Armenia.
Structural Heterogeneity of the Rabies Virus Virion
Authors: Cai Xiaoying , Zhou Kang , Alvarez-Cabrera Ana Lucia , Si Zhu , Wang Hui , He Yao , Li Cally , Zhou Z. Hong
Published: September 2024

Rabies virus (RABV) is among the first recognized viruses of public health concern and has historically contributed to the development of viral vaccines. Despite these significances, the three-dimensional structure of the RABV virion remains unknown due to the challenges in isolating structurally homogenous virion samples in sufficient quantities needed for structural investigation. Here, by combining the capabilities of cryogenic electron tomography (cryoET) and microscopy (cryoEM), we determined the three-dimensional structure of the wild-type RABV virion. Tomograms of RABV virions reveal a high level of structural heterogeneity among the bullet-shaped virion particles encompassing the glycoprotein (G) trimer-decorated envelope and the nucleocapsid composed of RNA, nucleoprotein (N), and matrix protein (M). The structure of the trunk region of the virion was determined by cryoEM helical reconstruction, revealing a one-start N-RNA helix bound by a single layer of M proteins at an N:M ratio of 1. The N-M interaction differs from that in fellow rhabdovirus vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which features two layers of M stabilizing the N-RNA helix at an M:N ratio of 2. These differences in both M-N stoichiometry and binding allow RABV to flex its N-RNA helix more freely and point to different mechanisms of viral assembly between these two bullet-shaped rhabdoviruses.
Potential Association between Shift Work and Serologic Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination among Manufacturing Workers in Republic of Korea
Authors: Kim Si-Ho , Chae Chang-Ho
Published: September 2024

(1) Background: Shift work can affect physical health and the immune system by altering the body’s circadian rhythms. This study investigated the factors associated with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination response in manufacturing workers, classified by whether they engaged in shift work or not. (2) Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted among adults employed at two manufacturing companies. Those with negative initial hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) levels before vaccination and who subsequently received a three-dose series of HBV vaccine were enrolled. Hepatitis B surface antibodies were examined for 3 years after the first dose. The endpoint of this study was the failure of a seroprotective anti-HB response after vaccination (HBsAb < 10 mIU/mL). Binary logistic regression models were used to analyze factors associated with response failures. (3) Results: Of the 1103 eligible subjects, 337 (30.6%) were shift workers. The failure rate was numerically higher in the shift workers (9.2%) than in the non-shift workers (7.9%), without statistical significance (p = 0.405). However, after adjustment with the binary logistic regression models, the shift workers had a statistically significantly higher rate of response failures than the non-shift workers (odds ratio 2.87; 95% confidence interval 1.64–5.05, p < 0.001), as did males, older workers, those with a low initial anti-HB titer, those with a vitamin D deficiency, and current smokers. (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest a possible association between shift work and the serologic responses to HBV vaccination. Novel strategies for vaccination should be considered for shift workers.
Longitudinal Baboon (Papio anubis) Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and Correlations with Monthly Sedation Rate and Within-Group Sedation Order
Authors: Neal Sarah J. , Schapiro Steven J. , Magden Elizabeth R.
Published: September 2024

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker of stress and inflammation, but there is limited research regarding NLR in nonhuman primates (NHPs), with studies showing associations with longevity, certain medical conditions, and stressful circumstances. Here, we examined baboon NLR longitudinally, and as a function of health parameters. We also examined whether NLR was affected by sedation rate, as well as the order of sedation within a group, given that sedation events during clinical and research practices can induce stress in NHPs. While older adult and geriatric baboon NLR did not differ longitudinally, juvenile and young adult NLR tended to increase, primarily driven by increases in females. Additionally, baboons sedated later within a group showed significantly higher NLRs than those sedated earlier in the process. However, baboons with higher sedation rates per month showed lower NLRs. These data indicate that NLR may be dysregulated in different ways as a function of different types of stress, with sedation order (i.e., acute stress) causing pathological increases in NLR, and sedation rate over time (i.e., chronic stress) causing decreases. Importantly, we propose that NLR, a routinely obtained veterinary measure, has potential utility as a welfare indicator of stress resulting from clinical and research practices, as well as a measure that can inform behavioral management practices and interventions.
Emerging Contaminants in Landfill Leachate and Groundwater: A Case Study of Hazardous Waste Landfill and Municipal Solid Waste Landfill in Northeastern China
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhang Zhihao , Li Chunyang , Yue Jiani , Su Yan , Cheng Weiguo , Sun Shoushan , Chen Xi , Shi Deyu , Liu Bo
Published: September 2024

Emerging contaminants (ECs) present a significant risk to both the ecological environment and human health. Landfill leachate (LL) often contains elevated EC levels, posing a potential risk to localized groundwater. This study aimed to characterize ECs in municipal solid waste landfills (MSWLs) and hazardous waste landfills (HWLs) in northeast (NE) China. One and three HWLs and MSWLs in NE China with varying types, operational years, and impermeable layers were selected as case studies, respectively. Statistical analysis of 62 indicators of nine ECs in leachate and the groundwater environment indicated the presence of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), antibiotics, alkylphenols (APs), and bisphenol A (BPA). The leachates of the four landfills exhibited elevated concentrations of ECs of 21.03 μg/L, 40.04 μg/L, 14.54 μg/L, and 43.05 μg/L for PFCs, antibiotics, Aps, and BPA, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the highest concentrations of ECs in groundwater and those in leachate as well as with operational duration of the landfill; in contrast, groundwater EC was negatively correlated with the degree of impermeability. This study can guide future management of ECs in landfills and hazardous waste sites in China, particularly in NE China.
Current issue of import substitution of evaporated milk formulas for feeding children from birth
Authors:   Rostov State University of Economics, Rostov-on-Don, Gurnak E.E. , Girda D.P. ,   Rostov State University of Economics, Rostov-on-Don
Published: September 2024

Our country, like the entire global economy, faced the challenges of the destruction of economic ties, fi rst with the disruption of logistics supply chains due to the COVID-19 pandemic that swept the whole world, and starting in February 2022 after the start of the special operation, sanctions against our country led to more serious economic gaps. However, in recent years, the government of the Russian Federation has developed a policy of import substitution, and economic sanctions have not led to a sharp deterioration in the state of the market in Russia.
Computer vision as a tool for commodity examination of cheese
Authors:   FSBEI HE Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Klein E.E. , Nikitin I.A. ,   FSBEI HE Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow
Published: September 2024

The paper analyzes the dynamics of the development of computer vision over the past 20 years using the case of identifying essential features of various types of cheeses. The methods for integrating this technology into the process of commodity examination to reduce the influence of the human factor on assessing the quality of cheese products are considered.
Analysis of modern candy market in Russia
Authors:   FSBEI HE Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Goloviznina M.S. , Ryzhakova A.V. ,   FSBEI HE Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow
Published: September 2024

In the context of a constantly changing external environment, it is especially important to monitor the state of trends in the confectionery market. In the modern world, development trends in a particular industry change and are supplemented every year. At the same time, not only consumer preferences, but also the state of geopolitics and economy as a whole have a huge impact on the final product. In this regard, the purpose of this scientifi c article was to study the state of the market for sugary confectionery products, in particular candies, at the beginning of 2024.
Assessment of quality indicators of winter apple varieties
Authors:   Kuzbass State Agrarian University named after V.N. Poletskov, Kemerovo, Russia, Perepechina E.E. , Reznichenko I.Yu. ,   Kuzbass State Agrarian University named after V.N. Poletskov, Kemerovo, Russia
Published: September 2024

The results of studying quality indicators of winter apple varieties are presented. Apples are essential in the diet of the population living in Siberia, as these fruits are rich in vitamins and minerals, characterized by high organoleptic quality indicators, and affordable for consumers of various segments of the population. During testing, the work referred to quality indicators regulated by legal documents. The labeling of the samples, the state of packaging, and the organoleptic and physicochemical quality indicators were determined. Non-compliance with the declared variety was found. The recommendations include the need to control the quality of apples before their sale, and for manufacturers — to indicate the full labeling of the product.
The practice of employment of persons with disabilities using digital technologies in the Russian Federation
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ufa University of Science and Technology, Bolshakova N. L.
Published: September 2024

The article reveals the features of employment of disabled people using digital technologies, which facilitate this process for both disabled people and employers. It is noted that digital technologies contribute to the expansion of employment opportunities for people with disabilities and the growth of their financial well-being.
In the Year of the Family - 2024: analysis and diagnosis of the problems of the economic and demographic situation in the subject of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Management of the field of study “State and Municipal Service” of the Kursk State University, Onishchuk Diana Andreevna
Published: September 2024

In 2024, declared the Year of the Family, we consider it important to pay attention to the issues of demographic development of our country and its regions. We emphasize that the theoretical and methodological foundations of state management of economic and demographic processes are crucial for ensuring the sustainable development of society. This approach integrates concepts from economics, demography, and management to study and regulate the dynamics of populations, labor resources, social structures, and economic systems. Key aspects include analyzing demographic data, forecasting trends, and developing strategies for managing resources and social programs. In modern conditions of globalization and demographic changes, these fundamentals become especially relevant, requiring a systematic and integrated approach to managing economic and demographic processes. This article analyzes the demographic situation in one of the constituent entities of Russia - the Kursk region. Gaps in regional economic and demographic policy are identified and solutions of a scientific and practical nature are proposed.
Potential for the application of Financial Structured Products within BRICS
Authors:   Department of Financial Market Infrastructure, National Research University Higher School of Economics. Russia, Lysenok N. I. , Mamochkin A. I. ,   Department of World and National Economics, Russian Foreign Trade Academy of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. Russia
Published: September 2024

The current conditions of economic and political instability raise serious questions about the sustainability of the global fi nancial and economic system. The study of fi nancial markets of developed countries indicates their "overheating" and emphasises the necessity to search for alternative directions for global capital investments. The paper analyses the potential of BRICS development as a unifi ed economic system, which is becoming the main alternative to the established investment mechanism of the US and European countries, as well as the prospects of using structured products on stock indices of BRICS countries to stimulate the movement of capital from developed countries, which provides an opportunity to strengthen the financial contour of the members of the association and compensate for the impact of external restrictions on the movement of domestic capital. For this purpose, a phased research was carried out. The analysis of scientifi c works related to the BRICS and structured products was conducted, which allowed to identify the dynamics of interest in this topic both in academic circles and among the general public. A comparative analysis of the main fi nancial indicators of companies from BRICS countries and developed countries with segmentation by economic sectors was carried out. The trade turnover and dynamics of key macroeconomic indicators of the BRICS members over the last 20 years were studied, which allowed to assess the economic potential of the association. The article provides data on the market capacity and the role of structured products in Western countries, as well as statistics on the demand for these instruments in the BRICS countries. In order to forecast the dynamics of the BRICS financial markets, an econometric model based on multivariate linear regression was developed. The model assessed the impact of various economic factors on the dynamics of stock markets and allowed to form forecasts based on the current trends. Based on the results of the study, the authors devised initiatives for the development of the structured products market: consistent implementation and methodological support of various classes of derivatives.
A atuação do agente de contratação nas contratações diretas, segundo o Regulamento Estadual do Paraná, à Lei nº 14.133, de 2021
Authors: Dal’Apria George Luiz
Published: September 2024

A realização de licitação é regra constitucional para as contratações públicas, admitindo exceções, permitindo a contratação direta quando inviável a competição ou, quando expressamente dispensada pela lei federal, que dita as normas gerais de licitações e contratos administrativos. Constitucionalmente, admite-se sua suplementação por lei estadual ou regulamentação por decreto. As normas gerais preconizam a necessidade de segregação das funções, atribuindo-se a agentes distintos àquelas mais suscetíveis a riscos criando a figura do agente de contratação a lei lhe incumbe da condução da licitação.  O regulamento do Estado do Paraná é feito por decreto estadual, que incumbe ao agente de contratação também a instrução e condução das contratações diretas, que é um processo formalmente distinto da licitação, sem esclarecer exatamente quais são as atribuições. Objetiva-se portanto, identificar os procedimentos cabíveis ao agente, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e análise do texto legal e normativo, sendo possível identificar os procedimentos afetos e assemelhados que devem ser realizados pelo agente de contratação.
Harnessing of low cost agro-industrial waste substrates for the optimum production of citric acid: A review
Authors: Rawat Geeta , Kothari Vidhi , Giri Neha , Sharma Parul
Published: September 2024

Citric acid, an essential organic acid, holds significant importance across various industries due to its multifaceted applications in sectors such as food, detergents, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetic. A broad range of microbes have potential to produces citric acid in optimum concentrations, most importantly includes Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida tropicalis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Yarrowia lipolytica. This review explores the biosynthesis of citric acid through innovative utilization of low-cost waste substrates and presenting an eco-friendly approach towards its synthesis. Subsequently, the classical and conventional production processes of citric acid are usually energy-intensive procedures, time consuming and utilizing expensive raw materials. In contrast, the utilization of low-cost waste substrates emerges as a sustainable alternative, promising reduced production costs and harmless for environmental. Various waste substrates, ranging from agricultural residues to industrial by-products, are evaluated for their potential in citric acid production. Since, their abundance, affordability and untreated or unutilized high nutrient value it gains a high research attention. This review emphasizes on a paradigm shift towards utilizing and exploring low-cost waste substrates and from where it can be collected.
El Acompañamiento Pedagógico y El Aprendizaje Estudiantil: Hacia Un Nuevo Enfoque En La Educación
Authors: Mondalgo Almidón Grover
Published: September 2024

La supervisión pedagógica, se configura como una colaboración reflexiva entre educadores y estudiantes. Esta dinámica implica el compromiso de guiar a los estudiantes en su aprendizaje, identificando sus necesidades individuales, intereses y desafíos. En este sentido, resultó pertinente reflexionar sobre la relación entre el acompañamiento pedagógico y el aprendizaje estudiantil, explorando las posibilidades de transformación y mejora que pueden surgir de esta perspectiva. Para llevar a cabo el objetivo, la investigación se desarrolló a la luz de una revisión de tipo reflexiva, en la que se trabajó con un total de 44 documentos identificados a través de un muestreo selectivo de las bases de datos SciELO, Redalyc, Dialnet y Google Scholar. Para el procesamiento y presentación de los hallazgos, las categorías de análisis fueron preestablecidas. La interpretación y reflexión acaecida en la investigación permitieron comprender la profunda interconexión que existe entre las variables, destacando así su papel fundamental en la mejora de la educación.
Impact Of Implementation Of Qanun No. 11/2018 Concerning Sharia Financial Institutions On The System Sharia-Based Profit Sharing With Good Governance As A Moderating Variable
Authors: Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini , Surbakti Agustina Br , Kheriah Kheriah , Inuzula Lakharis
Published: September 2024

The Aceh Government, specifically the Lhokseumawe City Government, continues to make contributions through various policies, including the enactment of Qanun No. 11 of 2018 regarding Sharia Financial Institutions. This Qanun is applicable to all business entities, including cooperatives, which are currently under close scrutiny by the regional government and supervised by the Cooperatives and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Service. The growth of Savings and Loans Cooperatives, which plays a significant role in promoting economic development, has been implemented based on the Qanun LKS. However, there are allegations that the existing regulations have not been fully adhered to in accordance with Islamic Sharia principles. Through this research, we aim to assess the impact resulting from the implementation of the Qanun, specifically its influence on the system in use, which is a Sharia-based profit-sharing system. This study seeks to delve deeper into how Savings and Loans Cooperatives, in particular, can thrive and operate more effectively under the established principles of good governance. To achieve this, the research employs Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to examine the extent to which good governance plays a role in ensuring that the implementation of Qanun LKS can be effectively carried out through a Sharia-based profit-sharing system. The findings of the research indicate that the implementation of Qanun No. 11 of 2018 concerning LKS significantly affects the Sharia-based profit-sharing system in Savings and Loans-based Cooperatives in Lhokseumawe City. Additionally, it is observed that Good Governance further strengthens the impact of the interactions between the implementation of Qanun No. 11 of 2018 and the Sharia-based Profit Sharing system. This suggests that Savings and Loans-based Cooperatives have started to implement Sharia practices as mandated by the Qanun, although only a limited number of Cooperatives have transitioned to the Sharia system thus far.
Rancang bangun alat pemanen madu berbasis konduktivitas
Authors: Sutanto Sutanto , Widjajanto Danang , Kusumastuti Sri Lestari
Published: September 2024

Budidaya lebah sebagai sumber utama penghasil madu sudah banyak dilakukan oleh masyarakat secara berkelompok atau secara individu.  Pada saat  memanen madu sebagian besar petani lebah masih dilakukan secara tradisional, yaitu dengan menekan kantung madu dengan sendok di atas saringan. Dengan demikian diperlukan waktu proses yang cukup lama dan sebagian madu masih ada yang tertinggal dalam kantung  madu. Oleh karena itu, waktu yang digunakan untuk memanen madu menjadi kurang efisien dan madu yang diperoleh kurang optimum. Untuk membantu mempercepat proses pemanenan dan mengoptimumkan perolehan madu, maka dibuat alat pemanen madu berbentuk silinder yang dilengkapi piringan penekan  kantung madu dari bahan baja tahan karat SS 304 yang dapat digerakkan naik atau turun secara manual dan dilengkapi alat konduktotometer untuk mendeteksi sisa madu dalam kantung madu. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pada  pemrosesan kantung madu 10 gram, 20 gram dan 30 gram alat mampu menghasilkan cairan madu masing-masing 5,4 mL, 10,3 mL dan 15,8 mL. Rendemen rata-rata 47,6%, kandungan air rata-rata 8,68%, dan konduktivitas rata-rata madu dalam kantung madu 19,5 uS/cm.
Perancangan infrastruktur fiber to the curb menggunakan Optiwave untuk meningkatkan aksesibilitas internet
Authors: Susanto Mohammad Farid , Wijaya Dyelvio , Sitorus Elsadanika Maura
Published: September 2024

Perancangan infrastruktur fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC) dalam sistem komunikasi serat optik merupakan aspek penting dalam menyediakan konektivitas yang handal dan cepat bagi pengguna. Tulisan ini membahas perancangan infrastruktur FTTC menggunakan perangkat lunak simulasi Optiwave. Pendekatan yang digunakan meliputi analisis jaringan serat optik, pemilihan perangkat keras, dan perencanaan jaringan berbasis FTTC. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan kinerja jaringan yang optimal melalui parameter ukur bit error rate (BER), link power budget, dan latensi yang menghasilkan keandalan koneksi. Kualitas transmisi yang dihasilkan mencapai hasil BER senilai 9,3835 × 10-25 dengan daya input sebesar 5 dBm, latency 18,356 us, dan link budget sebesar 20,113 dB. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang perancangan efektif infrastruktur FTTC dalam sistem komunikasi serat optik menggunakan teknologi simulasi terkini.