bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Untargeted Phenolic Profiling and Functional Insights of the Aerial Parts and Bulbs of Drimia maritima (L.) Stearn
Authors: Zhang Leilei , Zengin Gokhan , Mahomoodally Mohamad Fawzi , Yıldıztugay Evren , Jugreet Sharmeen , Simal-Gandara Jesus , Rouphael Youssef , Pannico Antonio , Lucini Luigi
Published: February 2022

Drimia maritima (L.) Stearn (squill), belonging to the Asparagaceae family, is acknowledged as a medicinally valuable species from the Drimia genera. In this study, water, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of D. maritima aerial parts and bulbs were investigated for their polyphenols profile and evaluated for their antioxidant and enzyme inhibition properties. Phenolics were profiled through an untargeted metabolomics approach using an ultra-high pressure liquid chromatograph coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS). This analysis revealed an enrichment of low molecular weight phenolics and flavonoids in the aerial parts of D. maritima, while lignans mainly characterized bulb extracts. Antioxidant capacity was investigated by different assays, including phosphomolybdenum assays, radical scavenging (DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; ABTS: 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), as well as reducing ability (CUPRAC: cupric reducing antioxidant capacity; FRAP: ferric reducing antioxidant power), and metal chelating. In radical scavenging and reducing power assays, the water extract of aerial parts exhibited the strongest ability (DPPH: 36.99 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g; ABTS: 85.96 mg TE/g; CUPRAC: 87.37 mg TE/g; FRAP: 55.43 mg TE/g). In general, the ethyl acetate extracts from aerial parts and bulbs provided the weakest antioxidant capacity. Concerning enzyme inhibitory activities, the water extracts of the bulb were poorly active, while the ethyl acetate extracts from both plant portions displayed the best α-amylase inhibitory abilities. The best acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) abilities were recorded by ethyl acetate extract of aerial parts (2.36 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g) and bulbs (5.10 mg GALAE/g), respectively. Overall, these results support the medicinal aptitude of D. maritima and its possible use as a natural source of antioxidants and enzyme inhibitors with functional potential.
Theoretical and Experimental Research on Temperature Rise Mechanism of Oil in the Sealed Cavity of Intra-Vane Type Pump
Authors: Li Shaonian , Yang Pan , Zhao Ru , Liang Tao , Zhou Zhiyuan
Published: February 2022

To improve the performance of the intra-vane type pump and optimize the friction characteristics of the three friction pairs related to the vane cavity, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental testing are used to study the mechanism of oil temperature rise in the sealed cavity of the vane pump. First, the heat generation source and heat dissipation routeways of the oil in the oil suction and oil discharge regions are analyzed, respectively. Thermodynamic modeling is conducted based on the principle of heat transfer. Then, the oil temperature rise caused by each heat generation source was simulated using the thermodynamic model. The influence of each heat generation source and heat generation route on the oil temperature rise change was analyzed and compared. Finally, a test system for oil temperature rise is designed, and the temperature changes at six positions of the experimental pump when working at three pressures are measured through experiments. Based on simulation and experimental results, the mechanism of oil temperature rise in the sealed cavity of the intra-vane type pump is analyzed and discussed. The experimental results show that the established thermodynamic model is very anastomotic to the experimental results. The experimental test value of temperature rise is greater than the calculated value. When the outlet pressure is 6 MPa, the maximum temperature rise of the theoretical calculation is 2 °C. Meanwhile, the maximum temperature rise of the experimental analysis is 3.5 °C. The maximum difference of temperature rise between theoretical calculation and experimental test is 1.5 °C. Therefore, the model can effectively predict the oil temperature rise in the sealed cavity of the intra-vane type pump and provide theoretical guidance for the design of similar pumps.
Gallic Acid Enhances the Anti-Cancer Effect of Temozolomide in Human Glioma Cell Line via Inhibition of Akt and p38-MAPK Pathway
Authors: Yang Jen-Tsung , Lee I-Neng , Chen Chun-Han , Lu Fung-Jou , Chung Chiu-Yen , Lee Ming-Hsueh , Cheng Yu-Ching , Chen Kuo-Tai , Peng Jyun-Yu , Chen Ching-Hsein
Published: February 2022

(1) Background: Temozolomide (TMZ), an oral alkylating agent, is used to treat malignant gliomas and other difficult-to-treat tumors. TMZ can enter the cerebrospinal fluid p.o. (per os) and does not need hepatic metabolism for activation of its use as a standard chemotherapeutic regimen after surgical resection of malignant glioma of the brain. However, the prognosis remains poor for most patients, and the survival rate is still unsatisfactory. Gallic acid (Ga) is a secondary metabolite existent in numerous plants. Ga shows various bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimicrobial effects. In this study, the latent enhanced anti-cancer efficacy of Ga in TMZ-treated U87MG cells (a human glioma line) was evaluated. (2) Methods: The U87MG cell line was cultured for 24 h. The cells were incubated with Ga alone, TMZ alone, or their combination for various time points. Cell viability and the drug combination index were evaluated by an XTT-based analysis and isobologram analysis, respectively. DNA destruction and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were analyzed by flow cytometer. The expression of various proteins was assessed via Western blotting. (3) Results: Compared with the action of TMZ alone or Ga alone, TMZ/Ga combination augmented the inhibition of cellular viability and apoptotic level in the U87MG glioma cell line. This enhanced anti-cancer effect correlated with the decreased expression of Bcl-2 and p-Akt, and corresponded with the activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In addition, Ga suppressed the TMZ-promoted ROS generation. (4) Conclusions: Ga can augment the anti-cancer effect of TMZ via the repression of Bcl-2 expression and Akt activation and the enhancement of the p38 MAPK pathway. Our results offer a novel probable approach for the medical treatment of malignant glioma.
Fractional Order PID Design for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System Using an Extended Grey Wolf Optimizer
Authors: Silaa Mohammed Yousri , Barambones Oscar , Derbeli Mohamed , Napole Cristian , Bencherif Aissa
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a comparison of optimizers for tuning a fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers, which were applied to a DC/DC boost converter. Grey wolf optimizer (GWO) and extended grey wolf optimizer (EGWO) have been chosen to achieve suitable parameters. This strategy aims to improve and optimize a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) output power quality through its link with the boost converter. The model and controllers have been implemented in a MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. This study has been conducted to compare the effectiveness of the proposed controllers in the transient, accuracy in tracking the reference current, steady-state, dynamic responses, overshoots, and response time. Results showed that the combination EGWO-FOPID had significant advantages over the rest of the optimized controllers.
How Do Financial Distress Risk and Related Party Transactions Affect Financial Reporting Quality? Empirical Evidence from Iran
Authors: Tarighi Hossein , Hosseiny Zeynab Nourbakhsh , Abbaszadeh Mohammad Reza , Zimon Grzegorz , Haghighat Darya
Published: February 2022

The paper aims to investigate the effects of financial distress risk (FDR) and related party transactions (RPT) on financial reporting quality (FRQ) in an emerging market called Iran. In this study, the ordinary least squares regression (OLS) method is employed to test the hypotheses; moreover, Jones’ discretionary accruals model is used to assess the financial reporting quality (FRQ). The results show financially distressed companies have a lower financial reporting quality because they try to mislead other stakeholders about the corporate actual performance to attract more investors and lenders. Consistent with the “tunneling” or “conflict of interests transaction” assumption, our findings confirm there is a positive association between related party transactions through loan and accrual-based profit management. In other words, Iranian managers participate in loan-related party transactions to expropriate their firm’s resources and then manipulate financial statements to mask such expropriation. Finally, additional analysis indicates that financial reporting quality is seen well among firms having higher sale growth and more institutional owners, whereas the variables of ROA and financial leverage negatively affect financial information quality.
The Seven-League Scheme: Deep Learning for Large Time Step Monte Carlo Simulations of Stochastic Differential Equations
Authors: Liu Shuaiqiang , Grzelak Lech A. , Oosterlee Cornelis W.
Published: February 2022

We propose an accurate data-driven numerical scheme to solve stochastic differential equations (SDEs), by taking large time steps. The SDE discretization is built up by means of the polynomial chaos expansion method, on the basis of accurately determined stochastic collocation (SC) points. By employing an artificial neural network to learn these SC points, we can perform Monte Carlo simulations with large time steps. Basic error analysis indicates that this data-driven scheme results in accurate SDE solutions in the sense of strong convergence, provided the learning methodology is robust and accurate. With a method variant called the compression–decompression collocation and interpolation technique, we can drastically reduce the number of neural network functions that have to be learned, so that computational speed is enhanced. As a proof of concept, 1D numerical experiments confirm a high-quality strong convergence error when using large time steps, and the novel scheme outperforms some classical numerical SDE discretizations. Some applications, here in financial option valuation, are also presented.
Synthesis and Recyclability of Sheet-like Cobalt Carbonate Recovered from Spent Li-Ion Batteries Using a Simple Hydrometallurgy Process
Authors: Aboulaich Abdelhay , Yaden Afaf , Elhalya Nabil , Tayoury Marwa , Aqil Mohamed , Hdidou Loubna , Dahbi Mouad , Alami Jones
Published: February 2022

In the present manuscript, a simple hydrometallurgy process for recovering and recycling cobalt from spent lithium cobalt oxide LiCoO2 (LCO) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is described. First, the black material (BM) containing LCO active material is extracted by discharging, dismantling and detachment of cathode active materials with an organic solvent. Then, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are used to fully dissolve Co and Li in an aqueous solution at high dissolution efficiency (more than 99% of Li and Co). After a purification step, Co is selectively precipitated and separated from Li, as CoCO3, using a simple method. Results show that the obtained CoCO3 crystals have a unique sheets-like structure with a purity of more than 97% and could be reused to regenerate LCO active material for LIB. The as-prepared sheet-like CoCO3 was then converted to flower-like LCO through a solid-state reaction with commercial lithium carbonate (Li2CO3). Electrochemical performances of the regenerated LCO (LCOReg) in LIB have been studied. Interestingly, the flower-like LCOReg showed a good charge capacity of about 145 mAh.g−1 at the first cycle, compared to LCO synthesized from commercial cobalt and lithium precursors (LCOCom). Specific charge capacity and columbic efficiency also remained relatively stable after 60 charge/discharge cycles. The proposed recycling process of Co in the present work doesn’t require the use of the complicated and expensive solvent extraction method and thus it is simple, cost-effective, environmentally-friendly and could be used for recovering high purity critical metals such as Co and Li from spent LIBs at the industrial scale.
A Fully Automated Online SPE-LC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of 10 Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater Samples
Authors: Belay Masho Hilawie , Precht Ulrich , Mortensen Peter , Marengo Emilio , Robotti Elisa
Published: February 2022

The increasing use of pharmaceuticals, their presence in the aquatic environment, and the associated toxic effects, have raised concerns in recent years. In this work, a new multi-residue analytical method was developed and validated for the determination of 10 pharmaceuticals in wastewaters using online solid-phase extraction (online SPE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The compounds included in the method were antineoplastics (cabazitaxel, docetaxel, doxorubicin, etoposide, irinotecan, methotrexate, paclitaxel, and topotecan), renin inhibitors (aliskiren), and antidepressants (maprotiline). The method was developed through several experiments on four online SPE cartridges, three reversed phase chromatography columns, and four combinations of mobile phase components. Under optimal conditions, very low limits of detection (LODs) of 1.30 to 10.6 ng L−1 were obtained. The method was repeatable, with relative standard deviations (RSD, %) for intraday and interday precisions ranged from 1.6 to 7.8 and from 3.3 to 13.2, respectively. Recovery values ranged from 78.4 to 111.4%, indicating the reproducibility of the method. Matrix effects were mainly presented as signal suppression, with topotecan and doxorubicin being the two most affected compounds (31.0% signal suppression). The proposed method was successfully applied to hospital effluents, detecting methotrexate (4.7–9.3 ng L−1) and maprotiline (11.2–23.1 ng L−1). Due to the shorter overall run time of 15 min, including sample preparation, and reduced sample volume (0.9 mL), this on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS method was extremely convenient and efficient in comparison to the classical off-line SPE method. The proposed method was also highly sensitive and can be used for ultratrace quantification of the studied pharmaceuticals in wastewaters, providing useful data for effective environmental monitoring.
In Situ Passive Sampling to Monitor Long Term Cap Effectiveness at a Tidally Influenced Shoreline
Authors: Smith Alex , Shen Xiaolong , Garza-Rubalcava Uriel , Gardiner William , Reible Danny
Published: February 2022

Polydimethylsiloxane solid-phase microextraction passive samplers were used to evaluate long-term performance of a sand/gravel cap placed in 2005 in a tidally influenced shoreline in Puget Sound to reduce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) transport into overlying surface water. Sampling in both 2010 and 2018 measured porewater concentrations of <1 ng/L total PAHs in the cap layer. d-PAH performance reference compounds were used to evaluate the extent of equilibration of the contaminants onto the samplers and to estimate net upwelling velocities through a mass-transfer model. The upwelling velocities were used to predict long-term migration of selected PAHs through the cap, showing that the cap is expected to continue being effective at limiting exposure of contaminants at the cap–water interface.
Small Spacecraft Payload Study for X-ray Astrophysics including GRB Science
Authors: Dániel Vladimír , Maršíková Veronika , Hudec Rene , Pína Ladislav , Inneman Adolf , Pelc Karel
Published: February 2022

This paper presents microsatellite spacecraft payload study for prompt observation of transient astrophysical objects in X-ray energy range. By combining telescope concepts and miniaturized detectors, the small spacecraft will be able to probe the X-ray temporal emissions of bright events such as Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), X-ray transients or the electromagnetic counterparts of Gravitational Wave Events (GWEs), but also short and long term observations of other types of variable X-ray sources. The spacecraft is based on the CubeSat nanosatellite platform with a volume of 16U. The spacecraft carries two types of X-ray telescopes onboard. The first is intended for X-ray transient monitoring and localization, and the second for detailed spectroscopic observation. The X-ray monitor/localization telescope with wide field of view of several arc degrees is used for localization and flux measurement of X-ray transients, as well as for permanent monitoring of Galactic center area. This telescope is based on Lobster Eye X-ray optics together with pixel detector based on the Timepix3 Quad detector. Rapid follow-up observation by soft X-ray spectroscopy is enabled by a second X-ray spectroscopic telescope with limited FOV (Field of View) of several arcmins with no spatial and/or angular resolution. The spectroscopic telescope uses condenser optics based on replicated parabolic total reflection system (or, alternatively, Wolter system) and a Ketek X-ray SDD detector with energy resolution of about 130 eV as a detector. In addition to technical and instrumental aspects, observational strategy and astrophysical issues and justifications are also addressed in the paper.
Adverse Reactions to Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: A Prospective Cohort Study Based on an Active Surveillance System
Authors: Amodio Emanuele , Minutolo Giuseppa , Casuccio Alessandra , Costantino Claudio , Graziano Giorgio , Mazzucco Walter , Pieri Alessia , Vitale Francesco , Zarcone Maurizio , Restivo Vincenzo
Published: February 2022

To date, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused high morbidity and mortality worldwide. To counteract the pandemic scenario, several vaccines against the etiological factor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were developed and tested. At the end of December 2020, BNT162b2 (Comirnaty, Pfizer-BioNTech) was the first and only authorized vaccine in Italy for selected categories, such as healthcare workers, fragile patients and people aged over 80 years old. To master our knowledge about BNT162b2 adverse reactions (ARs), an active surveillance system based on instant messaging was realized for voluntary participants who had been vaccinated at COVID-19 Vaccination Center of the Palermo University Hospital. Overall, 293 vaccinated persons were included in this study, which were more frequently healthcare workers (n = 207, 70.6% with a median age of 36 years, IQR = 29–55) followed by health professional students (n = 31, 10.6% with a median age of 27 years, IQR = 25–29), reporting 82.6% of at least one local or systemic AR. In details, the frequency of at least one local or systemic AR after the second dose of Comirnaty (n = 235, 80.2%) was statistically significant with higher value in comparison to the first one (n = 149, 50.9%; p < 0.001). However, local pain, swelling, joint pain and muscular pain after the second dose were the symptom causing a statistically significant working limitation. The youngest persons showed a higher risk to have either local or systemic ARs (aOR = 7.5, CI 95% = 2.9–18.9), while females had a higher risk of having systemic ARs (aOR = 1.8, CI 95% = 1.1–3.0). Despite the small sample examined, this active surveillance system by instant messaging seems to detect a higher ARs prevalence with respect to data obtained by the passive surveillance. Further studies could be required in order to optimize this clinical monitoring that could be considered an efficient and timely active surveillance.
Immunohistochemical Study of the Expression of the Surface Marker of Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells SUSD2 in Healthy and Hypoplastic Endometrium
Authors: Царева Н.В. , Курлович И.В.
Published: February 2022

Иммуногистохимическое исследование экспрессии поверхностного маркера эндометриальных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток SUSD2 в здоровом и гипопластическом эндометрии показало, что в отличие от фертильных женщин у пациенток с гипоплазией эндометрия отмечается выраженное снижение экспрессии SUSD2 как в железах, так и в строме эндометрия. Установлено, что эндометриальные мезенхимальные стволовые клетки в строме эндометрия располагаются преимущественно около сосудов.

Immunohistochemical study of the expression of the surface marker of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells SUSD2 in healthy and hypoplastic endometrium showed that, in contrast to fertile women, patients with endometrial hypoplasia have a pronounced decrease in the expression of SUSD2 both in the glands and in the stroma of the endometrium. It has been established that endometrial mesenchymal stem cells in the endometrial stroma are located mainly near the vessels.
Prevention of the Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Women
Authors: Ниткин Д.М.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлен обзор современных данных по профилактике рецидивирующей инфекции мочевых путей у женщин. Отдельное внимание уделено актуальным аспектам эпидемиологии и этиологии рассматриваемой проблемы, а также факторам риска развития рецидивов. В соответствии с рекомендациями гайдлайна Европейской ассоциации урологов по диагностике и лечению инфекции мочевых путей, а также с позиции доказательной медицины рассмотрены основные методы профилактики. Акцентировано внимание на неантибактериальных методах профилактики, а также эффективности и безопасности фитопрофилактики рецидивов клинической манифестации инфекции мочевых путей лекарственным средством растительного происхождения Канефрон® Н.

The article provides an overview of the up-to-date data on the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in women. Special attention is paid to the current aspects of the epidemiology and etiology of the problem, as well as the risk factors for the development of relapses. The main methods of prevention are considered in accordance with the recommendations of the European Association of Urology Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections and to the standpoint of evidence-based medicine. Attention is focused on non-antibacterial methods of prophylaxis especially on the effectiveness and safety of phytoprophylaxis of recurrences of clinical manifestations of urinary tract infection with Canephron® N.
Ocular Ischemic Syndrome – Tasks and Solutions
Authors: Бездетко П.А.
Published: February 2022

В офтальмологии можно выявить ряд маркерных заболеваний, которые представляют угрозу не только для зрения, но и для жизни пациента. Одним из таких состояний является глазной ишемический синдром (ГИС). Глазной ишемический синдром – редкое, но угрожающее зрению состояние, связанное с тяжелым окклюзионным заболеванием сонной артерии (стенозом или окклюзией), приводящим к гипоперфузии глаза. В работе представлены данные этиологии, патогенеза глазного ишемического синдрома. Подробно изложена клиническая картина заболевания. Обозначены знаковые точки сотрудничества офтальмологов с нейрохирургами и сосудистыми хирургами. Представлена схема дифференциальной диагностики с диабетической ретинопатией и окклюзией центральной вены сетчатки. Определены задачи офтальмолога в плоскости своевременной диагностики окклюзии сонной артерии. Обсуждены основные современные направления медикаментозного и хирургического лечения глазного ишемического синдрома.

In ophthalmology, a number of marker diseases can be identified that pose a threat not only to vision, but also to the patient’s life. One of these conditions is ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS). Ocular ischemic syndrome is a rare but vision-threatening condition associated with severe occlusive disease of the carotid artery (stenosis or occlusion), leading to hypoperfusion of the eye. The paper presents data on the etiology, pathogenesis of ocular ischemic syndrome. The clinical picture of the disease is described in detail. Significant points of cooperation between ophthalmologists and neurosurgeons and vascular surgeons are outlined.The scheme of differential diagnosis with diabetic retinopathy and occlusion of the central retinal vein is presented. The tasks of an ophthalmologist in the plane of timely diagnosis of carotid artery occlusion have been determined. The main modern directions of drug and surgical treatment of eye ischemic syndrome are discussed.
Somatotropin-Producing Pituitary Adenomas: Modern Methods of Diagnostics and Treatment. Literature Review
Authors: Акмырадов С.Т. , Шанько Ю.Г. , Журавлев В.А.
Published: February 2022

В обзорной статье представлены эпидемиологические данные и характеристики соматотропинпродуцирующих аденом гипофиза. Подробно описаны классификация аденом гипофиза, клинические проявления соматотропинпродуцирующих аденом гипофиза в зависимости от размеров и распространенности опухоли за пределы турецкого седла. Представлены классификация прорастания опухоли в кавернозный синус (по Knosp) и эффект хирургического лечения в зависимости от степени распространения опухоли. Подробно рассмотрены методы комплексного лечения этих новообразований: хирургические – микрохирургическое и эндоскопическое эндоназальное транссфеноидальное удаление аденом гипофиза, медикаментозные – терапия аналогами соматостатина и антагонистами СТГ-рецепторов, и лучевые – стереотаксическая радиотерапия и радиохирургия. Подробно описаны основные факторы, влияющие на прогноз заболевания и достижение клинико-метаболической компенсации. В заключение определены основные направления исследований по проблеме соматотропин-продуцирующих аденом гипофиза.

The review article presents epidemiological data and characteristics of somatotropin-producing pituitary adenomas. The classification of pituitary adenomas, clinical manifestations of somatotropin- producing pituitary adenomas, depending on the size and extent of the tumor beyond the sella turcica, are described in detail. The classification of tumor invasion into the cavernous sinus (according to Knosp) and the effect of surgical treatment depending on the degree of tumor spread are presented. The methods of complex treatment of these neoplasms are considered in detail: surgical – microsurgical method and endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal removal of pituitary adenomas; medication – therapy with somatostatin analogs and antagonists of STHreceptors; radiation – stereotactic radiotherapy and radiosurgery. The main factors that influence the prognosis of the disease and achievement of clinical and metabolic compensation are described in detail. In conclusion, the main directions of research on the problem of somatotropin-producing pituitary adenomas are determined.
Fluvoxamine in the Treatment of Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Ассанович М.А.
Published: February 2022

Наряду с легкими и другими внутренними органами COVID-19 поражает и центральную нервную систему. Воспалительные реакции, секреция цитокинов в головном мозге вызывают у большинства пациентов тревожные и депрессивные симптомы, нарушения сна. Психические расстройства связаны и с психосоциальными факторами пандемии. Для купирования психопатологических симптомов при COVID-19 часто используются антидепрессанты из группы селективных ингибиторов обратного захвата серотонина. Среди них особое место занимает флувоксамин. Флувоксамин помимо антидепрессивных и противотревожных эффектов проявляет четкие противовоспалительные свойства, которые реализуются посредством двух механизмов. Флувоксамин существенно повышает уровень ночного мелатонина в плазме крови. Мелатонин оказывает противовоспалительное, антиоксидантное и нормализующее хронобиологическое действие. Второй механизм связан с тем, что флувоксамин в терапевтических дозировках активирует сигма-1 рецепторы, что предупреждает секрецию цитокинов и развитие эндоплазматического стресса. Пациенты с COVID-19, принимавшие флувоксамин, не отмечали клинических осложнений коронавирусной инфекции.

COVID-19 affects central nervous system along with lungs and other internal organs. Inflammatory reactions, secretion of cytokines in brain cause anxiety and depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances in most patients. Mental disorders are also associated with psychosocial factors of the pandemic. SSRI antidepressants are often used to relieve psychopathological symptoms in COVID-19. Among them, fluvoxamine occupies a special place. Fluvoxamine, in addition to antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects, exhibits clear anti-inflammatory properties, which are realized through two mechanisms. Fluvoxamine significantly increases the level of nocturnal melatonin in blood plasma. Melatonin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and chronobiological normalizing effects. The second mechanism is associated with the fact that fluvoxamine in therapeutic dosages activates sigma-1 receptors, which prevents secretion of cytokines and development of endoplasmic stress. Patients with COVID-19 taking fluvoxamine did not report clinical complications of coronavirus infection.
Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity of the Herb Epilobium Angustifolium L.
Authors: Шевчук С.В. , Адамович Т.Г.
Published: February 2022

Целью работы явилось изучение антимикробной и противогрибковой активности экстрактов травы кипрея узколистного, полученных при использовании водных и водно-спиртовых растворителей, с определением содержания суммы фенольных соединений спектрофотометрическим методом. Исследование выполняли с использованием метода диффузии в агар. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что антимикробная активность экстрактов из травы кипрея узколистного в отношении штаммов бактерий Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica и Staphylococcus aureus прямо пропорциональна содержанию в них полифенольных соединений: наиболее выражена антимикробная активность у извлечения с наибольшим содержанием суммы фенольных соединений. Наиболее выраженная активность выявлена у экстракта, полученного при использовании 50%-ного спирта этилового, в отношении штамма золотистого стафилококка (зона задержки роста бактерий составила 19,00±0,08 мм), наименее выраженная – в отношении штамма сальмонелл (зона задержки роста бактерий составила 13,00±1,39 мм). Candida albicans проявила среднюю степень чувствительности в отношении извлечений, полученных с использованием 50% и 70%-ного спирта этилового, диаметры зон задержки роста составили 14,00±0,8 мм и 14,25±0,94 мм соответственно. В отношении отвара травы кипрея узколистного была проявлена более высокая степень чувствительности: диаметр зоны задержки роста составил 16,25±0,94 мм.

The aim of the work was to study the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of the extracts of the herb Epilobium angustifolium L., obtained using aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic solvents, with the determinationofthecontentofthesumofphenoliccompoundswiththehelpofspectrophotometric method. The study was carried out using the agar diffusion method. As a result of the studies, it was found that the antimicrobial activity of the extracts from the herb Epilobium angustifolium L. against bacterial strains Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, and Staphylococcus aureus is directly proportional to the content of polyphenolic compounds in them:the most pronounced antimicrobial activity is in the extraction with the highest content of the sum of phenolic compounds. The most pronounced activity was found in the extract obtained using 50% ethyl alcohol in relation to the Staphylococcus aureus strain (the zone of bacterial growth inhibition was 19.00±0.8 mm), the least pronounced – in relation to the Salmonella strain (the zone of bacterial growth inhibition was 13.00±1.39 mm). Candida albicans showed the average degree of sensitivity with respect to the extracts obtained using 50% and 70% ethyl alcohol; the diameters of growth inhibition zones were 14.00±0.8 mm and 14.25±0.94 mm, respectively. In relation to the decoction (1:10) of the herb Epilobium angustifolium L., a higher degree of sensitivity was showed: the diameter of the growth inhibition zone was 16.25±0.94 mm.
Characteristics of Immunomorphological and Electron Microscopic Changes in the Material of Puncture Nephrobiopsy in Children of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Сукало А.В. , Козыро И.А. , Тур Н.И. , Асташонок А.Н. , Полещук Н.Н. , Савош В.В. , Летковская Т.А.
Published: February 2022

Цель. Провести гистологический, иммуногистохимический и электронно-микроскопический анализ пункционных нефробиоптатов и выявить маркеры нарушения функции почки у детей с гломерулопатиями различного генеза.Материалы и методы. Клинико-инструментальное обследование пациентов выполнено в нефрологическом отделении УЗ «2-я городская детская клиническая больница» г. Минска. Дополнительно проведен иммуноморфологический и электронно-микроскопический анализ нефробиоптатов, полученных за период с января 2018 по июнь 2020 года от 66 детей (возраст – 1–17 лет) с различными гломерулярными заболеваниями.Результаты. Определены патогномоничные маркеры повреждения ренальной ткани и дана оценка выраженности изменений клубочков и тубулоинтерстициального компонента почек. Проанализирован иммуногистохимический уровень экспрессии иммуноглобулинов классов A, M и G, C3 и C1q фракций комплемента, α3 и α5 субъединицам коллагена IV типа. Использование электронной микроскопии позволило определить основные ультраструктурные паттерны повреждения клубочков почки. Детализирован патоморфоз мезангиального матрикса, гломерулярной базальной мембраны, подоцитов при различных нозологических формах почечной патологии.Заключение. Полученные результаты актуальны для прогноза течения заболевания, темпов прогрессирования деструктивных процессов в паренхиме почки и коррекции тактики этиопатогенетической терапии.

Purpose. To conduct histological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic analysis of renal biopsy and to identify the markers of renal dysfunction in children with various glomerulopathies. Materials and methods. Clinical and instrumental examination of patients was carried out at the nephrology department of the 2nd City Children’s hospital (Minsk, Belarus). In addition, immunomorphological and electron microscopic analysis of the nephrobiopsy samples, obtained from January 2018 to June 2020 from 66 children (aged 1–17 years) with various glomerular diseases, was performed.Results. Pathognomonic markers of renal tissue changes were determined and the severity of changes in the glomeruli and tubulointerstitial component of the kidneys was assessed. There was analyzed the immunohistochemical level of expression of the immunoglobulins of the classes A, M and G, C3, C1q complement fractions, α3 and α5 subunits of the type IV collagen. Electron microscopy let to determine the main ultrastructural patterns of damage in kidney glomeruli. The mesangial matrix pathomorphosis, glomerular basement membrane, and podocytes in various nosological forms of renal pathology were detailed.Conclusion. The obtained results are relevant for the prognosis of the course of disease, the rate of progression of destructive processes in the renal parenchyma, and correction of the tactics of etiopathogenetic therapy.
PEMBERIAN DOSIS PUPUK N, P K, Mg SESUAI TARGET PRODUKSI DAN JARAK TANAM PADA TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Lubis Putri Datin Andriani
Published: February 2022

The objective of this research is to study the affect of dosage of N, P, K, Mg fertilizer based on the production target and spacing of mustard plant (Brassica juncea L.). This research was conducted in the Research and Technology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Laboratory of Agricultural Technology Assessment Center (BPTP) and at Pasar 1, Tanjung Sari, Medan Selayang subdistrict begining April until November 2019. This research used randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 2 treatments. The first is dosage of N, P, K, Mg fertilizer based on the production target with 4 levels, which are: 0 tons/ha, 15 tons/ha, 30 tons/ha and 45 tons/ha. The second is spacing with 3 levels, those are: 30 cm x 15 cm, 30 cm x 20 cm and 30 cm x 25 cm. The results of this study showed that the treatment of dosage of N, P, K and Mg fertilizer based on the production target significantly increased the height of mustard plant and number of leaves at the age of 3 WAP, yield of samples and plants per plot. The spacing treatment significantly increased the number of leaves at the age of 3 WAP. The interactions between the two treatments did not significantly effect all of the variables observed.
Implementation Of Data Mining With C4.5 Algorithm For Determining The Home Industry Product Marketing Strategy
Authors: Zebua Teresia Herniamwati , Riandari Fristi
Published: February 2022

me Industry is one of the SMEs that produce home-made products, such as pastries. Not all of these products are sold by consumers. This study uses a web-based C4.5 algorithm to determine marketing strategies for Home Industry products that are not selling well by classifying the indicators that most influence consumers in buying Home Industry products so that they can provide information about marketing strategies that will be carried out. Based on the results of the study, the highest gain value was the packaging attribute with a value of 1.86, so that the packaging attribute was used as the root in the formation of a decision tree. Then the second highest gain is the price attribute with a value of 1.26, and the third highest gain is the taste attribute with a value of 1.03, then the fourth highest gain is the service attribute with a value of 0.89.
Analysis of Cash Ratio, Firm Size and Return on Assets that Influence Dividend Payout Ration Soe Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Sitepu Ester
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine whether the Influence cash ratio, firm size and return on assets influence simultaneously and partially to the dividend payout ratio At the state-owned company Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The method of this thesis is a descriptive statistical analysis, the classic assumption test, and hypothesis testing. Independent variables in this study is the cash ratio, firm size and return on assets while Dependent variable is the dividend payout ratio with a sample size of this study as many as 54 by using purposive sampling acquired 18 companies over three years. The type of data used is secondary data. The results of this study demonstrate that, in sumultaneous cash ratio, firm size and return on assets has no effect simultaneous dividend payout ratio in the state-owned company. In partial cash ratio, and return on assets have no effect and firm size affect the dividend payout ratio.
Multi-temporal photointerpretation analysis of mortality pattern of Ahuehuete (Taxodium mucronatum Ten.) on the coast of the Sabinas River, Coahuila
Authors: Servín-Prieto Alan Joel , Montemayor-Trejo José Alfredo , Sifuentes-Morín Norma Guadalupe , Miguel-Valles Enrique
Published: February 2022

A study was conducted to determine the mortality pattern in the tree species of Ahuehuetes in the Río Sabinas bed of the state of Coahuila in the period from 2000 to 2018, using the photointerpretation as an analysis tool of satellite images from the LANDSAT 5 TM sensor, and aerials images obtained using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The NDVI values were obtained from the reflectance values for three sections of the Sabinas’s River bed, which were the object of study in the present investigation, with the results obtained when performing the Chi-square test, it was possible to quantify the number of living or dead trees in each study area and taking the time factor as the dependent variable (x2 = 144.51; df=3; p<2.2 * e-16). The photointerpretation yielded a total of 517 individuals of the species present at the sampled sites within the established period. 155 specimens were identified for the section of las Adjuntas, of these, three were registered as dead in 2010 and 23 individuals were added for 2018. Later, 111 individuals were registered in the Sabinas section, of which, two were registered as dead in 2010 and 26 more were added for 2018.
Policy Deliberation, Social Contracts, and Education Outcomes: Experimental Evidence from Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Nweke Emeka W. , Ogwuike C. Obinna , Iheonu Chimere
Published: February 2022

In this insight note, we describe the experimental design of the political economy project in Enugu State and provide data on stakeholder priorities and school infrastructure quality within the state. Pre-summit survey activities indicated that access to education, quality of education, and financial management are the top three priorities for community-level education stakeholders in Enugu. They also show that school infrastructures such as electricity, access, toilets, and physical building maintenance are lacking.
THE FIRST FINDING OF ALIEN SPECIES NEMATUS TIBIALIS NEWMAN, 1873 (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE) IN THE SOUTH OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST
Authors: Kolyada N. A. , Chilakhsayeva E. A. , Gninenko Yu. I. , Kolyada A. S.
Published: February 2022

In the south of the Russian Far East, an alien North American species Newman, 1873, was registered for the first time. The insect develops on the main food plant, L., cultivated in the Gorno-Taezhnoye settlement and in the arboretum of the Gorno-Taezhnaya Station of the Federal Research Center of Biodiversity of Terrestrial Biota of East Asia, FEB RAS. The degree of damage is small; one larva is localized on the leaf. There is no decrease in decorativeness. Nevertheless, due to the fairly widespread use of in the landscaping of the region, further spread of its phytophage Nematus tibialis is possible. To assess the spread of the pest in the south of the Far East and evaluate the harm it causes, it is necessary to monitor plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia in other settlements of the region.
MAXIMIZATION CARROT MINERALS PRESERVE AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY BY FOLIAR APPLICATION OF AQUEOUS BARLEY SPROUTS EXTRACT, TREHALOSE, AND CALCIUM
Authors: Al-Khafaji Aseel M. H. H. , Al-jubouri Kadhim D. H.
Published: February 2022

This research was implemented at vegetable field of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad during fall seasons, 2018 and 2019. The experiment was conducted using factorial within Randomized Complete Block Design arrangement with three factors and replicates (3X3X2). The aqueous barley sprouts extract (B0, B1) (0, 100 g.L-1) represented the first factor. Trehalose (T0, T1, T2) (0, 50, 75 mmole.L-1) represented the second factor. Calcium (C0, C1, C2) (0, 1, 2 ml.L-1) represented the third factor. The research objectives are assessing the impact of the mentioned factors and their interactions on carrot plant minerals and antioxidant accumulation. Results showed the effectiveness of three ways interaction treatment B1T2C1 in producing significant increases in phosphorus (0.302, 0.311%) total carotenoids (15.83, 15.93 mg.100-1g), β carotene (7.9, 7.967 mg.100-1g) and DPPH (97.94, 98.41%) in roots for both seasons respectively.in compare with control treatment B0T0C0.
DIAGNOSIS OF E.COLI ISOLATED FROM ARTHRITIS IN CHICKENS BY VITEK AND MOLECULAR METHODS
Authors: Hameed S. S. , Ulaiwi A. H. , Hamad S. M.
Published: February 2022

This study was aimed to identify and confirm of E.coli isolated from arthritis in chickens. Samples for the isolation of the bacteria were taken from broiler chickens with arthritis symptoms (swelling hock joint), and then examined by culturing, VITEK test as well as molecular assay. Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolate was done. The results showed pink colour colonies on MacConkey agar. The VITEK system was used to identify those colonies. The results revealed that the isolate gave 97 % parallel to those features of E. coli equally recognized by the standard gram negative card. The isolate was found to be sensitive to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and many others antibiotics and resistance to ticarcillin as well as for other types of antibiotics .The results of the 16Sr RNA gene revealed that E.coli primers of the16S rRNA gene had successfully targeted the respective gene and have shown the single bands of the16S RNA gene at 1500 bp. Sequencing of this gene was performed for the isolate. The results of nucleotide sequencing were submitted in Gene bank database and have accession number: ID: MT012194.1. The phylogenetic analysis Of the isolate was 100% similar to USA:CP048605, Pakistan:GU594300, VitNamHatey: AP022650 and China:MN208222, however, it was 99% similar to India:LCO58573.
'A SYSTEMIC REVIEW ON APPROACH OF HOMOEOPATHY TOWARDS MANAGEMENT OF TONSILITIS'
Authors: Desai Poorav , Gohel Rakesh , Dharamsi Abhay
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Tonsillitis is an aggravation of the tonsils, two lymph hubs situated on one or the other
side at the rear of throat. They are assortment of lymphoid tissue that frames a piece of the resistant
framework. Henceforth they act as channel catching the microbes that could some way or another enter your aviation routes and
cause contamination. They produce counter acting agent to battle contamination
METHODOLOGY: All the articles were collected from database like google scholar, pubmet etc. with key words like
'homoeopathy in tonsillitis, approach towards tonsillitis by homoeopathy in between year 1974 to 2021.
CONCLUSION:In this systemic review study Homoeopathy found more effectiveness in treatment, management of tonsillitis.
GIS TECHNOLOGY FOR HEALTHCARE SERVICE: PLANNING & EVALUATING OUTREACH
Authors: Upadhyay Ashishkumar , Gupta Vishal
Published: February 2022

Geographic information systems (GIS) is an effective tool for determining the best locations for future healthcare facilities. An increasingly
important form of analysis in health information systems involves the analysis of geographic distribution and trends in health service delivery.
Geographic information systems software helps map the spatial distribution and coverage of health services and as a tool to identify geographic
areas to target for health service development activities. The objectives of this study are to analyze the geographic distribution of the public health
facilities in the Dahod District of Gujarat. The listed healthcare facilities of Dahod district were covered for data collection. The data includes
detailed survey and collected GIS coordinates Using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology.
The collected Latitude and Longitude through a ground survey of every health facility were transferred into GIS software for mapping health
facilities of Dahod in the state of Gujarat, India for the year 2020. The Dahod district is divided into 7 sub-districts/blocks. In the district total of 21
Community Health Centers (CHC's), 97 Public health Centers (PHC's) and, 637 Sub Centers (SC's) are operating. The GIS-based methods used in
this study show how this methodology can be utilized for planning the location of new health facilities across a range of geographical terrains and
regions, including hilly, tribal, and remote areas. Analysis reveals that some talukas have a clustering of health facilities while the other talukas have
evenly distributed health centers.