bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desafíos etnográficos durante la pandemia de COVID-19: un diseño metodológico emergente aplicado a la socialización intergeneracional en un ejido de Campeche, México
Authors: Olvera Yabur Zuleyka
Published: June 2024

Este artículo presenta la propuesta de un diseño metodológico desarrollado como parte de una tesis de doctorado en Antropología (CIESAS-CDMX) durante la pandemia por la COVID-19. Dicho trabajo consistió en observar, analizar y comprender las continuidades, discontinuidades y rupturas en la socialización intergeneracional de tres grupos de edad en un ejido de Campeche, México. Ante el panorama coyuntural, en este diseño se eligieron estrategias diferentes para obtener la información, principalmente en lo que aquí se denomina la tercera generación, conformada por niños y niñas entre los 5 y 14 años. Este enfoque se basa en que los discursos que producen las infancias, ya sean orales, escritos o visuales, deberían documentarse y analizarse de manera compleja, evitando los métodos convencionales que se implementan con las personas adultas, por ejemplo, las entrevistas directas, para discontinuar las miradas adultocéntricas.
Mechanism of Preventing Recurrence of Stage II-III Colorectal Cancer Metastasis
with Immuno-inflammatory and Hypoxic Microenvironment by a Four Ingredients
Chinese Herbal Formula: A Bioinformatics and Network Pharmacology Analysis
Authors: Shi Chuan , Liu Xing , Han Su-Su , Tang Yu-Fei , Zeng Hai-Lun , Du Mei-Lu , Yang Yi , Jia Jia-Ning , Shi Qi , Hou Feng-Gang
Published: June 2024

Background:

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the top three malignancies with the highest incidence
and mortality.

Objective:

The study aimed to identify the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on postoperative
patients with stage II-III CRC and explore the core herb combination and its mechanism.

Methods:

An observational cohort study was conducted on patients diagnosed with stage II-III CRC from
January 2016 to January 2021. The primary outcome was disease-free survival, which was compared between
the patients who received TCM or not, and the secondary outcome was the hazard ratio. The relevance principle
was used to obtain the candidate herb combinations, and the core combination was evaluated through an
assessment of efficacy and representativeness. Then, biological processes and signaling pathways associated
with CRC were obtained by Gene Ontology function, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway,
and Wikipathway. Furthermore, hub genes were screened by the Kaplan-Meier estimator, and molecular
docking was employed to predict the binding sites of key ingredients to hub genes. The correlation analysis
was employed for the correlations between the hub genes and tumor-infiltrating immune cells and hypoxiarelated
genes. Ultimately, a quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to verify the regulation of
hub genes by their major ingredients.

Results:

A total of 707 patients were included. TCM could decrease the metastatic recurrence associated with
stage II-III CRC (HR: 0.61, log-rank P < 0.05). Among those patients in the TCM group, the core combination
was Baizhu → Yinchen, Chenpi, and Fuling (C combination), and its antitumor mechanism was most
likely related to the regulation of BCL2L1, XIAP, and TOP1 by its key ingredients, quercetin and tangeretin.
The expression of these genes was significantly correlated with both tumor-infiltrating immune cells and hypoxia-
related genes. In addition, quercetin and tangeretin down-regulated the mRNA levels of BCL2L1, XIAP,
and TOP1, thereby inhibiting the growth of HCT116 cells.

Conclusion:

Overall, a combination of four herbs, Baizhu → Yinchen, Chenpi, and Fuling, could reduce metastatic
recurrence in postoperative patients with stage II-III CRC. The mechanism may be related to the regulation
of BCL2L1, XIAP, and TOP1 by its key ingredients quercetin and tangeretin.
Alleviating Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide: Dayuan
Yin Suppresses Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Elderly Male Rats
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhu Wei , Zhang Ze-peng , Huang Yu
Published: June 2024

Background:

The occurrence of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) is prevalent and perilous among older individuals. Inflammation and oxidative stress
are vital factors in the progression of ALI in this population. Dayuan Yin (DYY) is a classic
Chinese herbal formula used for treating pulmonary diseases. Therefore，this situation can be
well simulated by selecting suitable aged rats and induced by LPS, which is helpful to evaluate
the role of DYY.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of DYY in reducing
pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress injury in aged rats induced by LPS.

Methods:

In elderly male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, the ALI model was induced by injecting
LPS into the peritoneal cavity. The therapeutic effect of the DYY group was evaluated after 3
days of oral administration. Lung tissue damage was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining
and the lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio. Inflammatory reaction in lung tissue was analyzed by counting
inflammatory agents, measuring total protein (TP), and examining the concentration of inflammatory
components in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Lung oxidative stress was assessed
by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and superoxide
dismutase (SOD) levels in BALF. The impact of DYY on the phosphorylation of
PI3K, AKT, and NF-κBp65 protein was analyzed using Western Blot (WB).

Results:

The administration of DYY exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in the severity of
lung injury caused by LPS, leading to a reversal of the LPS-induced lung W/D ratio. Furthermore,
DYY treatment resulted in decreased levels of leukocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages,
lymphocytes, and total protein in BALF. Additionally, DYY significantly inhibited
the upregulation of Interleukin -6, Interleukin -10, and Interleukin -1β (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β) as
well as Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) induced by LPS (P<0.01). The lungs experienced oxidative
stress due to LPS, leading to the production of MDA and iNOS, as well as a decrease in
SOD activity. DYY reduced oxidative stress in the lungs and inhibited the activation of p-PI3K,
p-Akt, and p-NF-κBp65, with a greater effect at higher doses.

Conclusion:

In a dose-dependent manner, DYY suppresses the inflammatory response and oxidative
stress in the lung tissue of elderly rats, thereby reducing ALI caused by LPS. This effect
may be attributed to the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway activation.
Roles of MDA-LDL/OX-LDL/LOX-1 and TNF-α/TLR4/NF-κB Signaling
Pathways in Myocardial Damage by Implantations of Cardiac Pacemakers
in Elderly Patients
Authors: Li Xia , Zhou Wenhang , Guo Dianxuan , Hu Youdong , Zhou Hualan , Chen Ying
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Permanent pacemakers are an established treatment for sick sinus syndrome
and high-grade atrioventricular block. Permanent cardiac pacemaker implantations may damage the
myocardium.

Objective:

This study evaluated markers of myocardial injury, oxidative stress and inflammation in
elderly patients with permanent pacemaker implantations.

Methods:

Various markers were measured at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months after permanent pacemaker implantations
in elderly patients.

Results:

The levels of high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein
receptor-1 (LOX-1), malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), oxidized
low-density lipoprotein (OX-LDL), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)
and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) were increased in 2-month group compared with control and 1-
month groups (P<0.001), and were further increased at 4-month group compared with 2- and 3-
month groups after pacemaker implantations (P<0.001). Patients with dual-chamber pacemakers had
higher levels of hsTnT, LOX-1, MDA-LDL, OX-LDL, TNF-α, TLR4 and NF-κB than patients with
single chamber pacemakers (P<0.001). Patients who underwent the pacemakers with the active fixation
leads had raised levels of hsTnT, LOX-1, MDA-LDL, OX-LDL, TNF-α, TLR4 and NF-κB
compared patients with pacemakers using the passive fixation leads (P<0.001). Myocardial blood
flows in 3-month and 4-month groups were lower than 1-month and 2-month groups (P<0.001).

Conclusion:

Levels of hsTnT, LOX-1, MDA-LDL, OX-LDL, TNF-α, TLR4 and NF-κB were elevated
in elderly patients with permanent pacemaker implantations and the activations of oxidative
stress and pro-inflammatory signalling pathways may be associated with myocardial damages and
ischemia after pacemaker implantations in elderly patients.
Pill Burden: A Major Barrier to HAART Adherence and Fixed Dose
Combinations (FDCS) as its Solution – A Mini-Review
Authors: Simon Mugisa , Derrick Ssebaduka , Kosanam Sreya , Pasupula Rajeshwari
Published: June 2024

:

HIV/ AIDS is a global pandemic, one of the most challenging; with no cure for the disease,
various therapies available in the form of regimens as Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy
(HAART) or simply Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) are the only way to manage the disease.
The Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs) concept has been a well-recognised improvement in pharmacotherapy
for the treatment of a variety of chronic maladies like hypertension, diabetes,
HIV/AIDS, and several FDC products consisting of HIV drugs are approved. These single-tablet
regimens have been essential in streamlining ART, lowering pill burden and increasing adherence.
Adherence to HAART is the most vital factor to ensure medication success and virologic
suppression. However, adherence is faced with several barriers including adverse effects of drugs,
the complexity of ART, social-cultural factors, and pill burden among others. This writing reviews
the concept of adherence to ART, and its barriers while stressing pill burden as a significant
one which we suggest would be solved by using Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs).
Exploring the Potential of Nanomolecular Therapeutic Therapy Options, and Novel Biomarkers in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Verma Ravinder , Jain Yashmi , Rani Laxmi , Kaushik Deepak , Bhatt Shailendra , Mathur Pooja
Published: June 2024

Approximately 1,70,000 of the 1 million cases of Breast Cancer (BC) identified every year
globally are triple-negative. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) has different clinical and pathologic
features. Because of its aggressive attitude, typically poor prognosis, and non-existence of targeted
medicines, chemotherapy is the only treatment available, making it a clinical problem. This
subgroup is responsible for 15% of all types of BC cases and a larger proportion of BC cases in African-
American females. It can be treated with conventional therapy because there are no special
treatment recommendations for this subtype; nonetheless, this therapy leaves patients with a high incidence
of local and systemic recurrence. Clinically, they manifest as interval cancer in younger
women and have a higher chance of recurrence in the first three years. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
(EGFR), VEGF, basal cytokeratins, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, p53, tyrosinase kinases,
mTOR, heat and stress proteins, and TOP-2A are only a few of the biomarkers examined in research
on TNBC. This study aims to concentrate on its characteristics, definition, and available treatments
now and in the future. Additionally, we looked for angiogenesis, growth, and survival pathway
blockade, as well as synthetic lethality. Moreover, nanomolecular therapeutic therapy options, the
role of biomarkers, and various clinical trials are discussed briefly. The successful development of
targeted therapy for TNBC is still limited because of its heterogeneity. In this article, we outline the
present and potential treatment landscape for TNBC and discuss how a thorough knowledge of the
ecosystem around TNBC could aid in categorizing risk levels and improving the likelihood of therapy
personalization.
EPI-HAN: Identification of Enhancer Promoter Interaction Using Hierarchical Attention Network
Authors: Ahmed Fatma S. , Aly Saleh , Liu Xiangrong
Published: June 2024

Background:

Enhancer-Promoter Interaction (EPI) recognition is crucial for understanding
human development and transcriptional regulation. EPI in the genome plays a significant role in
regulating gene expression. In Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), EPIs help to improve
the mechanistic understanding of disease- or trait-associated genetic variants.

Methods:

Experimental methods for classifying EPIs are time-consuming and expensive. Consequently,
there has been a growing emphasis on research focused on developing computational approaches
that leverage deep learning and other machine learning techniques. One of the main challenges
in EPI prediction is the long sequences of enhancers and promoters, which most existing computational
approaches struggle with. This paper proposes a new deep learning model based on the Hierarchical
Attention Network (HAN) for EPI detection. The proposed EPI-HAN model has two
unique features: (i) a hybrid embedding strategy (ii) a hierarchical HAN structure comprising two
attention layers that operate at both the individual token and smaller sequence levels.

Results:

In benchmark comparisons, the EPI-HAN model demonstrates superior performance over
state-of-the-art methods, as evidenced by AUROC and AUPR metrics for specific cell lines. Specifically,
for the cell lines HeLa-S3, HUVEC, and NHEK, the AUROC values are 0.962, 0.946, and
0.987, respectively, and the AUPR values are 0.842, 0.724, and 0.926, respectively.

Conclusion:

The comparative results indicate that our model surpasses other state-of-the-art models
in three out of six cell lines. The Superior performance in recognizing EPIs is attributed to the hierarchical
structure of the attention mechanism.
Probiotics in the Prevention of Mucositis in People Undergoing Curative
Radiotherapy for their Head and Neck Cancer: A Mini-Review
Authors: Krishna Abhishek , Marakala Vijaya , D'souza Rashmi T. , Shenoy Vinayaka R. , D'souza Sandeep , Pai Jakribettu Ramakrishna , Shrinath Baliga Manjeshwar
Published: June 2024

:

Radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) is associated with a dose-limiting side
effect known as radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM), which severely diminishes the quality of
life for patients. The best part is that this adverse effect has identified risk factors, enabling the implementation
of preventative medication to delay/mitigate the ill effects, colonization of opportunistic
microbes, and infection. Clinically, several effective strategies have been developed to prevent
severe RIOM. However, there are limited options for solutions that are both advantageous and practical
while also being cost-effective to implement. Results from well-designed and carried-out research
have indicated that probiotics have potential benefits in both the management and prevention
of RIOM. Research using animal models and clinical studies has affirmatively shown that the utilization
of probiotic organisms can successfully modify the intensity of inflammation by modifying
the composition, metabolism, and functional characteristics of natural microbiota. Furthermore, the
majority (3 of 4) randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies revealed that probiotics were
beneficial in decreasing RIOM. This article collates and examines the scientific observations, addresses
the underlying mechanisms, and explores the potential benefits of probiotics in mitigating
the occurrence and severity of RIOM.
De Fradique a Fradique. A poética de Eça de Queirós
Authors: Harmuch Rosana Apolonia
Published: June 2024

A figuração da escrita e de escritores foi uma constante na obra de Eça. Tomando essa afirmação como mote, este texto objetiva refletir sobre essa insistência e sobre algumas das implicações desse procedimento. Para tanto, assume um caráter panorâmico em que vários romances ecianos são chamados para a discussão. Por um lado, essa visada nos permite refletir sobre o que os textos ficcionais têm a nos dizer, para além de seus enredos, a respeito da construção de uma poética eciana. Em outra frente, é possível perceber o que esses textos ficcionais nos dizem, de modo mais genérico, sobre a produção literária do período.
It Is in Our DNA: Bringing Electronic Health Records and Genomic Data Together for Precision Medicine
Authors: Robertson Alan J , Mallett Andrew J , Stark Zornitza , Sullivan Clair
Published: June 2024

Health care is at a turning point. We are shifting from protocolized medicine to precision medicine, and digital health systems are facilitating this shift. By providing clinicians with detailed information for each patient and analytic support for decision-making at the point of care, digital health technologies are enabling a new era of precision medicine. Genomic data also provide clinicians with information that can improve the accuracy and timeliness of diagnosis, optimize prescribing, and target risk reduction strategies, all of which are key elements for precision medicine. However, genomic data are predominantly seen as diagnostic information and are not routinely integrated into the clinical workflows of electronic medical records. The use of genomic data holds significant potential for precision medicine; however, as genomic data are fundamentally different from the information collected during routine practice, special considerations are needed to use this information in a digital health setting. This paper outlines the potential of genomic data integration with electronic records, and how these data can enable precision medicine.
Exploring the Practice of Ideological and Political Theories teaching in Journalism Courses in the Era of Smart Media
Authors: Zhu Wenxuan
Published: June 2024

With the wave of informationisation and intelligence sweeping the world today, smart media is profoundly changing the face of the news industry with its powerful data integration capability, personalised information pushing method and instant interactive communication mechanism. News is not only a medium of information transmission but also an important force in shaping social opinion and leading value orientation. Therefore, in the era of smart media, the teaching content and methods of journalism courses need to keep pace with the times in order to better cultivate journalism talents who can meet the needs of the times. This paper describes the intrinsic connection between journalism courses and civic education, analyses the significance of the integration of journalism courses and civic education in the era of smart media, and explores the integration path to provide more reference for cultivating more excellent journalism talents.
Planos de Saúde dos municípios do estado do Espírito Santo: uma análise com foco na Vigilância Sanitária
Authors: Costa Tebas de Freitas Frederico Felipe , Rosas Ferreira Livia , Karolyne Jandrey Paola , Pôrto Marques Gabriela
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Health Plans are management instruments that guide the definition and implementation of health activities. As an integral part of the Unified Health System, Health Surveillance actions must be included in Health Plans. Objective: To analyze the inclusion of health surveillance in municipal health plans in the state of Espírito Santo, aiming to understand how this area was expressed in the management of these instruments. Method: A documentary analysis of municipal health plans for the four-year periods 2018–2021 and 2022–2025 was carried out, framing health surveillance actions into categories and subcategories. It was found that health surveillance actions are mostly of an authorization and health control nature, as well as related to the process of decentralization of activities between the state and municipality. Results: There was a strong presence of actions related to the physical structuring of health surveillance bodies, denoting a possible weakness in meeting the population’s health needs. Conclusions: The lack of consolidated national indicators and information systems in health surveillance ends up distancing this area from planning bodies, thus  generating discrepancies between the population’s health needs and health surveillance actions.
Quantum algorithm for time-dependent differential equations using Dyson series
Authors: Berry Dominic W. , C. S. Costa Pedro
Published: June 2024

Time-dependent linear differential equations are a common type of problem that needs to be solved in classical physics. Here we provide a quantum algorithm for solving time-dependent linear differential equations with logarithmic dependence of the complexity on the error and derivative. As usual, there is an exponential improvement over classical approaches in the scaling of the complexity with the dimension, with the caveat that the solution is encoded in the amplitudes of a quantum state. Our method is to encode the Dyson series in a system of linear equations, then solve via the optimal quantum linear equation solver. Our method also provides a simplified approach in the case of time-independent differential equations.
A case report of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II with a novel SEC23B mutation and accompanied by a large segmental deletion and literature review
Authors: Liu Fu , Du Chunyan , Liu Wenjun
Published: June 2024

Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) is a rare heterogeneous
hereditary disorder characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis and
morphological abnormalities of erythrocytes and bone marrow
erythroblasts.Currently, six types of CDA with different genetic
mutations have been identified, with CDAII being the most prevalent. CDA
II is an autosomal recessive disorder with the causative gene on the
SEC23B gene at 20q11.2. To date, 110 mutations in the SEC23B gene have
been reported in CDA II. This paper reports a case of congenital
dyserythropoietic anemia type II caused by a new SEC23B mutation and
accompanied by a large segmental deletion at the SEC23B gene locus. In
addition, we reviewed the diagnostic and therapeutic advances in CADII.
Emerging permafrost carbon dynamics: Identifying critical gaps and future needs
Authors: Miner Kimberley Rain , Gay Bradley A. , Watts Jennifer , Luis Kelly , Bartsch Annett , Elder Clayton Drew , Goeckede Mathias , Lemmetyinen Juha , Lindqvist Hannakaisa , Maddox Marisol , Malina Ed , Schuettemeyer Dirk , Tamminen Johanna , Treat Claire Clark , Virkalla Anna , Miller Charles E.
Published: June 2024

The Arctic is warming four times faster than the global average,
resulting in widespread ground thaw and state changes. Due to the rapid
rate and large scale of ecosystem shifts, identifying and understanding
Arctic boreal zone changes and feedbacks requires frequent observations
across multiple scales. The last decade has witnessed significant
increases in the number and coverage of in-situ, airborne, and satellite
observations. However, additional resolution, coverage, and sustained,
long-term time series data records are urgently required to characterize
and understand the considerable heterogeneity of Northern permafrost
environments. Here, we review the physical and technical gaps that limit
the ability to detect rapid state changes and tipping points in
permafrost ecosystems. Understanding and accurately forecasting changes
to the Arctic is an essential component of managing climate change in
this rapidly transforming system.
A statistical examination of ion dynamics at 1-Hz whistler waves in the Earth's foreshock
Authors: Wang Shan , Li Jing-Huan , Li Li , Zhou Xu-Zhi , Omura Yoshiharu , Zhao Jiutong , Liu Zhi-Yang , Zong Qiu-Gang , Zhang Hui , Yue Chao
Published: June 2024

The 1-Hz whistler wave precursor attached to shock-like structures are
often observed in foreshock. Using observations from the Magnetospheric
Multiscale mission, we investigate the interactions between 1-Hz waves
and ions. Incoming solar wind ions do not gyro-resonate with the wave,
since typically the wave is right-handed in their frame. We demonstrate
that solar wind ions commonly exhibit 180 gyro-phase bunching from the
wave magnetic field, understanding it with a reconciled linear picture
for non-resonant ions and non-linear trapping theory of anomalous
resonance. Along the longitudinal direction, solar wind ions experience
Landau resonance, exhibiting either modulations at small wave potentials
or trapping in phase-space holes at large potentials. The results also
improve our understanding of foreshock structure evolution and 1-Hz wave
excitation. Shock-like structures start with having incoming solar wind
and remotely-reflected ions from further downstream. The ion-scale 1-Hz
waves can already appear during this stage. The excitation may be due to
shock-like dispersive radiation or kinetic instabilities resonant with
these remotely-reflected ions. Ions reflected by local shock-like
structures occur later, so they are not always necessary for generating
1-Hz waves. The wave leads to ion reflection further upstream, which may
cause reformation. In one event, locally-reflected ions exhibit
anomalous resonance in the early stage, and later approach to the
gyro-resonant condition with gyro-phases ~270 . The
latter is possibly due to nonlinear trapping in regions with an
upstream-pointing magnetic field gradient, linked to reformation. Some
additional special features like frequency dispersions are observed,
requiring better explanations in the future.
Labor Costs of Implementing New Accounting Standards
Authors: Huang Zhongwei , Enache Luminita , Moldovan Rucsandra , Srivastava Anup
Published: June 2024

SYNOPSIS

Although much research focuses on informational benefits of new accounting standards, the costs of implementing them remain largely unexamined. We consider one such cost in the adoption of two recent standards: lease accounting and revenue recognition. We find an increase in the number of job postings demanding skills related to accounting for those standards around their issuance. Firms most affected by new standards, measured by accounting complexity and early adoption behavior, post more accounting jobs. Using job postings as a proxy for hiring, we estimate incremental labor costs at about 30 percent of median audit fees for each standard for the most affected firms. Our tests indicate greater regulatory compliance burden for smaller firms. We provide large-sample evidence on the lower bound for the costs of implementing new accounting standards. Our findings should interest standard setters as they evaluate the cost-benefit tradeoffs of issuing new standards.

Data Availability: Data are commercially available from the sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: J23; M41; M51.
Characterizing Common and Rare Variations in Nontraditional Glycemic Biomarkers Using Multivariate Approaches on Multiancestry ARIC Study
Authors: Ray Debashree , Loomis Stephanie J. , Venkataraghavan Sowmya , Zhang Jiachen , Tin Adrienne , Yu Bing , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Selvin Elizabeth , Duggal Priya
Published: June 2024

Genetic studies of nontraditional glycemic biomarkers, glycated albumin and fructosamine, can shed light on unknown aspects of type 2 diabetes genetics and biology. We performed a multiphenotype genome-wide association study of glycated albumin and fructosamine from 7,395 White and 2,016 Black participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study on common variants from genotyped/imputed data. We discovered two genome-wide significant loci, one mapping to a known type 2 diabetes gene (ARAP1/STARD10) and another mapping to a novel region (UGT1A complex of genes), using multiomics gene-mapping strategies in diabetes-relevant tissues. We identified additional loci that were ancestry- and sex-specific (e.g., PRKCA in African ancestry, FCGRT in European ancestry, TEX29 in males). Further, we implemented multiphenotype gene-burden tests on whole-exome sequence data from 6,590 White and 2,309 Black ARIC participants. Ten variant sets annotated to genes across different variant aggregation strategies were exome-wide significant only in multiancestry analysis, of which CD1D, EGFL7/AGPAT2, and MIR126 had notable enrichment of rare predicted loss of function variants in African ancestry despite smaller sample sizes. Overall, 8 of 14 discovered loci and genes were implicated to influence these biomarkers via glycemic pathways, and most of them were not previously implicated in studies of type 2 diabetes. This study illustrates improved locus discovery and potential effector gene discovery by leveraging joint patterns of related biomarkers across the entire allele frequency spectrum in multiancestry analysis. Future investigation of the loci and genes potentially acting through glycemic pathways may help us better understand the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Article Highlights
Complement Factor C1q Mediates Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in STZ-Induced Diabetic Mice
Authors: Mao Aiqin , Li Zicheng , Shi Xiaoming , Zhang Ka , Kan Hao , Geng Li , He Dongxu
Published: June 2024

Diabetes is a significant global public health issue with implications for vascular endothelial cells (ECs) dysfunction and the subsequent development and advancement of diabetes complications. This study aims to compare the cellular and molecular properties of the aorta in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, with a focus on elucidating potential mechanism underlying EC dysfunction. Here, we performed a single-cell RNA sequencing survey of 32,573 cells from the aorta of normal and STZ-induced diabetic mice. We found a compendium of 10 distinct cell types, mainly ECs, smooth muscle cells, fibroblast, pericyte, immune cells, and stromal cells. As the diabetes condition progressed, we observed a subpopulation of aortic ECs that exhibited significantly elevated expression of complement (C) molecule C1qa compared with their healthy counterparts. This increased expression of C1qa was found to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, facilitate EC migration and increased permeability, and impair the vasodilation within the aortic segment of mice. Furthermore, AAV-Tie2-shRNA-C1qa was administered into diabetic mice by tail vein injection, showing that inhibition of C1qa in the endothelium led to a reduction in ROS production, decreased vascular permeability, and improved vasodilation. Collectively, these findings highlight the crucial involvement of C1qa in endothelial dysfunction associated with diabetes.

Article Highlights
High-accuracy predictive model for carbon fiber reinforced polymer laser machining quality using neural networks
Authors: Zhang Guanghui , Lin Ze , Qin Xueqian , Wei Changlong , Zhao Zhen , Wang Yao , Zhou Liao , Zhou Jia , Long Yuhong
Published: June 2024

In order to address the issue of thermal damage induced by laser processing of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), researchers have conducted an optimization study of process parameters in the laser processing of CFRP. Their aim is to elucidate the relationship between process parameters and processing quality to minimize thermal damage. However, during laser processing, there exists a complex nonlinear relationship between process parameters and processing quality, making it challenging to establish high-precision predictive models, while the intrinsic connection between these two aspects remains incompletely revealed. In light of this, this study proposes utilization of machine learning techniques to explore the inherent relationship between process parameters and processing quality and establishes a 5-13-5 type back-propagation (BP) neural network predictive model. Subsequently, genetic algorithms are employed to optimize the weights and thresholds of the BP neural network, and the model is then subjected to validation. The results indicate that the BP neural network predictive model yields average errors of 5% for surface heat-affected zone (HAZ), 2.9% for groove width, 5.9% for cross-sectional HAZ, 1.8% for groove depth, and 4.5% for aspect ratio, demonstrating a relatively high level of accuracy but with notable fluctuations. The GA-BP model, when predicting the surface HAZ and the groove width, achieves errors of 4.5% and 2.7%, respectively, which are lower when compared to the BP model, indicating a higher predictive accuracy. The GA-BP model established in this study unveils the intrinsic connection between process parameters and processing quality, providing a novel means for an effective quality prediction in the processing of CFRP.
Occupational Ergonomic and Safety Assessments Survey at Various Blacksmith Shops in Jeddah City
Authors: K Hafez
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Determine risk factor exposure and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) symptoms among blacksmiths in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia, and environmental exposures to noise and particulate matter. Methods: 36 blacksmiths completed a modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire for MSD symptoms, frequently performed tasks were assessed for MSD risk factors using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), and blacksmith work environments were monitored for noise and particulate matter. Results: Blacksmiths reported high prevalence for MSD symptoms in the past 12-months (neck 67%, wrists/hands 78%, lower back 86%, knees 67%, ankles/feet 86%). RULA indicated frequent tasks had moderate to high magnitudes of risk factor exposure. 8-hour time weighted noise exceeded OSHA thresholds, whereas particulate matter exceeded World Health Organization recommended levels. Conclusion: Blacksmith workers in Saudia Arabia are exposed to environmental hazards, risk factors for MSDs, and have elevated MSD symptom prevalences. Interventions are necessary to reduce exposures to musculoskeletal and environmental hazards.
Local effects of spatial environmental heterogeneity on ecosystem structure and functioning in rocky shores
Authors:   , Codina Jordi
Published: June 2024

Ongoing anthropogenic and climate change impacts result in habitat loss around the world, removing complex physical structures with negative consequences for biodiversity. At the local scale (i.e., the scale at which species interact), spatial environmental heterogeneity originates from biotic and abiotic complex physical structures such as canopies and substrate rugosity and is a key local factor promoting species diversity. However, more recent assessments have found substantial variability in Heterogeneity-Diversity Relationships (HDRs) across plots, sites, and studies. Such variability may originate from the role of external environmental factors, limited temporal (e.g., <5 time points) and spatial within plot) scales considered in heterogeneity studies. This thesis aims at expanding our knowledge of heterogeneity effects on the structure and functioning of ecosystems by a) assessing how heterogeneity effects on the diversity, structure and functioning of species communities vary across environmental contexts worldwide and b) explores mechanisms (i.e., ecological causes) explaining how heterogeneity effects on species communities are maintained at larger temporal and spatial scales. Using rocky reef literature, I found that positive saturating heterogeneity effects on diversity and abundance were generally common and changed across several context-dependent variables from the type of heterogeneity considered (i.e., heterogeneity facet) and substrate to organismal group, ecological process, latitude, and depth (intertidal and subtidal). Second, using experimental data over three years from an intertidal rocky shore, I found that despite positive heterogeneity effects on community diversity and structure, heterogeneity did not increase temporal cover stability within the species community due to several counteracting mechanisms (e.g., increasing mean temporal population stability but decreasing temporal species asynchrony) and even reduced temporal compositional stability. Finally, also using the experimental data, I found that local and landscape heterogeneity effects competed to promote landscape or regional (gamma) diversity through effects on local (alpha) richness and species turnover, respectively. In addition, they presented combined effects that helped maintain community cover and diversity across seasons and species groups. Overall, results help reveal the key role that environmental context has in determining the strength of heterogeneity effects and uncovers temporal and spatial mechanisms that maintain heterogeneity effects over time and space. Given that heterogeneity effects on ecosystems are not as linear and straightforward as previously thought, improving our understanding of the mechanisms behind heterogeneity effects is crucial to better predict when and where heterogeneity will benefit ecosystems and help mitigate for habitat loss
Furadékelemzések és eredményeik alkalmazása – esettanulmány
Authors: Koncz István
Published: June 2024

A szerző áttekintést ad a furadékmintázásról és a furadékanalízisekről. Egy példaként használt fúrásban bemutatja a furadékanalízisek eredményeit: a Rock-Eval-adatokat, a furadékok szénhidrogéngáz-tartalmát és szénizotóparányait, a furadékextraktumok biomarker és szénizotóparány-adatait. A Rock-Eval-adatok segítségével megállapítható volt az anyakőzetek jelenléte, vastagsága és kerogénjének típusai. A furadékgázok szénhidrogénjeinek szénizotóparányai II/III és III típusú kerogént jeleztek, továbbá a termogén eredetű metán mellett a bakteriális eredetű jelenlétét. A rétegvizsgálatok gázaiban lévő etán és propán szénizotóparányai autochton jellegre utaltak. A furadékextraktumok biomarkerei és szénizotóparányai alapján megállapítható, hogy az „alsó” pannóniai és a középső miocén kőzetekből származó extraktumok genetikailag eltérőek, továbbá a rétegvizsgálatból származó szénhidrogén-folyadékot a középső miocén anyakőzet generálta, és a szénhidrogén-folyadék autochton jellegű.
The value of personal data in the field of health care in the conditions of informatization
Authors: Diorditsa I. V. , Kovalenko I. A.
Published: June 2024

The work is devoted to the study of the problem of personal data protection in health care. Today, the world is dominated by a global socio-cultural process of informatization, which is based on the priority of collecting, accumulating, creating, processing, storing, exchanging and using information in any form.
The growing demand for information technologies allowed modern science to characterize the new stage of society’s development as an «information society». At the same time, the number of violations of the functioning of information carriers and information about a person is constantly increasing. It was emphasized that the sphere of healthcare and medicine was not an exception in the process of informatization of all spheres of human activity, which contributed and optimized the functioning and development of such spheres.
The modern trend towards a rapid increase in the amount of data circulating in the information space has not escaped the sphere of health care, which has a high degree of vulnerability due to the sensitivity of data on the state of health of a person and a citizen.
Nowadays, with the development of the information society, it is quite easy to identify a specific person and obtain confidential personal information about him. Therefore, issues of protection from third parties of personal data contained in centralized databases of medical information systems remain relevant.
Reforms in health care, such as the introduction of electronic systems and changes in legislation, indeed generate a lot of scientific research in the field of personal data protection. This important aspect, after maintaining the confidentiality of medical information and the protection of personal data, is key to ensuring trust in the health care system.
Research in this area may include evaluating the effectiveness of data protection measures, analyzing the risks of using electronic medical information processing systems, developing and improving data encryption and authentication methods, as well as studying legal aspects of personal data protection in health care.
These studies help understand potential threats and identify best practices for ensuring the security and privacy of health information, which contributes to improving the quality of health care and increasing public confidence in the health care system.
Legal protection of personal data in the field of health care in Ukraine
Authors: Diorditsa I. V. , Kovalenko I. A. , Koval O. M.
Published: June 2024

The growing number of breaches of the privacy and security of electronic data is raising outrage and concern among users and professionals in many industries, particularly in the medical field. Risks associated with insufficient security of medical data include the possibility of unauthorized access to personal medical information, its falsification, as well as the disclosure of confidential data without the consent of patients.
This can have serious consequences for patients, including violations of their privacy, fear of losing confidential information, and even the possibility of inaccurate diagnosis or treatment due to falsification of medical records.
Therefore, to protect medical data and ensure their confidentiality, it is necessary to pay special attention to the implementation of appropriate cyber security measures and compliance with relevant legal norms and standards. This includes the development of modern data encryption technologies, regular training of medical personnel on cyber security issues, as well as strict implementation of regulations on the protection of confidential information.
Confidentiality of medical information in the field of health care must be considered in the context of a wide range of cultural, social and religious beliefs and traditions. Some medical data can be particularly sensitive and private, such as information about reproductive health, mental disorders, HIV/ AIDS treatment, and adolescent health services.
According to the Law of Ukraine «On Protection of Personal Data» personal data is information or a set of information about a natural person who is identified or can be specifically identified.
Article 2 of the 1981 Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data defines personal data as any information relating to a specifically identified person or a person who can be specifically identified. This means that any information that allows or can allow the identification of a specific person is considered personal data and is subject to protection under this convention.
This definition is a general standard used in many countries and international legal acts to ensure the protection of privacy and confidentiality of personal data. It covers a wide range of information, including name, address, phone number, email, health information, financial information, and much more.
Foreign Experience in the Anti-Terrorist Use of OSINT
Authors: Korystin O. E. , Svyrydiuk N. P.
Published: June 2024

The tasks of law enforcement agencies include maintaining law and order, protecting citizens, preventing, detecting and investigating crimes. One of the most important aspects of successful police work is the ability of the police to obtain timely, reliable and effective intelligence information related to the investigation of an offense. OSINT can provide law enforcement and security agencies with a critical opportunity to supplement and enhance their intelligence capabilities, as the ability to quickly collect and accurately process and analyze open source data can be a significant aid to investigations, as well as used for strategic planning of crime fighting at the national level. OSINT, in addition to criminal proceedings, provides an invaluable way to access and collect information from open sources, location data, and combines it with real-time analytical capabilities. Thus, targeted and legitimate monitoring, analysis and visualization of open source data should be considered a mandatory requirement of any national security strategy.
In the context of using OSINT, increasing its potential and effectiveness, it is important to study foreign experience, in particular, the developed UK strategy - CONTEST, which is the basis for measures to prevent terrorism, prosecute terrorists and protect against terrorism in general. The results and achievements of effective and innovative solutions by security and law enforcement agencies are also considered in the context of cooperation with private and public partners, including academia. Using the successful experience of the CENTRIC OSINT Hub, it is noted that academia and law enforcement agencies can cooperate in the field of OSINT in order to translate research into reality for the safety of citizens.
Legal ensuring environmental safety under martial law
Authors: Makarenko N. A. , Makarenko O. Y.
Published: June 2024

In the article submitted for publication, the authors have studied the problematic issues of prosecution for environmental safety offenses, and the criminalization of offenses related to environmental safety under martial law.
The methodological basis of the study is a system of general scientific methods and approaches which provided an objective analysis of the subject under study.
The authors believe that at the moment it is necessary to properly record the damage caused and obtain an evidence base for both national courts and international courts, and therefore it is advisable to create a “Methodology for Establishing Damage Caused to the Environment as a Result of Armed Aggression”.
In our opinion, it is also advisable to create a Law of Ukraine “On Establishing Damages Caused as a Result of Armed Aggression against Ukraine”, which would more thoroughly develop both the appropriate methodology for recording damages and the range of authorized persons who can record such damages.
The authors. The authors also believe that it is necessary to provide for the obligation of local governments to conduct an environmental audit in areas where there are no hostilities or immediately after their end, in order to record environmental damage and the circle of persons who caused it as soon as possible.
The article also analyzes new aspects of the issue of prosecution for crimes against environmental safety under martial law, and substantiates the proposals aimed at improving the