bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nivel de Ecoeficiencia en la Cooperativa Agraria Cafetalera Divisoria LTDA y la Cooperativa Agraria Industrial Naranjillo
Authors: Reátegui Inga Reiner Pedro Gabriel , Reátegui Inga Manuel Emilio , Pinglo Jurado Fátima de la Merced , Guivin Guadalupe Alex Lenin
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación busca evaluar el nivel de ecoeficiencia en las instalaciones de la Cooperativa Agraria Cafetalera Divisoria LTDA (CACD) y las instalaciones de la Cooperativa Agraria Industrial Naranjillo (COOPAIN). Para dicho fin se utilizó la Guía de Ecoeficiencia para Empresas 2009 del MINAM y Procedimiento de identificación de aspectos y valoración de impactos ambientales 2015 de la Universidad del Atlántico; se identificó los impactos ambientales y su valoración, como complemento a la elaboración del ecobalance para medir la ecoeficiencia en las mencionadas cooperativas; para el estudio del ecobalance se evaluó los siguientes indicadores: consumo de agua, consumo de energía eléctrica, consumo de materiales (papel bond), gestión de residuos (Reuso de papel bond) y emisiones de CO2. En la COOPAIN, se identificó tres tipos de contaminación (generación de residuos no peligrosos, emisiones atmosféricas y contaminación por ruidos) y la existencia de consumo de energía y agua; en niveles de impacto bajos y medios para el primer caso, y nivel medio para el segundo; en cuanto al ecobalance obtuvo mayor consumo en agua y energía eléctrica, mientras que la CACD, solamente se identificó un solo tipo de contaminación (Generación de residuos no peligrosos) y la existencia de consumo de energía, ambos en un nivel de impacto bajo; en el ecobalance obtuvo mayor consumo de materiales, mayor gestión de residuos y mayores emisiones de CO2. En cuanto al índice de ecoeficiencia la CACD fue relativamente más ecoeficiente que la COOPAIN.
Anatomía de la madera de Schinus molle L. con tumoraciones en zonas urbanas
Authors: Cipra Rodriguez José Alberto , Montoya Yanavilca Angel Eduardo , Adriano Reyes Julio Jeanpierre , Colán de la Vega Ximena del Pilar , Móstiga-Rodríguez Maricel Jadith
Published: April 2021

Schinus molle L. es una especie nativa bastante usada en los arboricultivos limeños. En los fustes y ramas de algunos de estos árboles se han observado tumoraciones, las cuales no son características de esta especie forestal. Con el fin de describir las características anatómicas de la madera de tumor se ha estudiado tanto la madera de tumor como la madera normal. Las muestras fueron tomadas de ramas del arbolado del campus de la UNALM. Las características organolépticas de la madera de tumor son: color amarillo con manchas rojizas oscuras, textura fina, grano ondulado, y brillo, veteado y olor ausente. Las características macroscópicas son: porosidad difusa, agrupamiento de poros en múltiples radiales y en racimos, parénquima axial difuso en agregados y radios escasamente visibles. Las características microscópicas son: diámetro tangencial total de poro 68 µm, 81 poros por milímetro cuadrado, longitud de elemento vascular 203 µm, altura de radio 293 µm, ancho de radio 37 µm, 14 células en la altura de radio, 2 células en el ancho de radio, 10 radios por milímetro, diámetro total de fibra 18 µm, espesor de pared de fibra 4.33 µm, y longitud de fibra 653 µm.
“Islamic State of Khorasan Province” – A Threat to the Central Asian Region
Authors: Plastun Vladimir N.
Published: April 2021

Over the past several years, there has been an influx of immigrants from Central Asian states into the ranks of “Islamic State” (IS) militants in Syria and Iraq. Those who survived after the defeat of the main detachments of terrorists on their return cannot escape the territory of Afghanistan, the northern regions of which are inhabited by related ethnic groups. It is easy to find supporters of radical Islam in Central Asian countries. The weakness of state and public institutions contributes to the politicization of Islam, especially in the periphery. Islamist preachers, skillfully using the mistakes of local authorities, call for the creation of alternative state structures. Most of the former IS fighters do not hide their intentions to return home. They can gain support in the border provinces of Afghanistan, among their comrades-in-arms in the war, and also join some of the Taliban groups. The planned withdrawal of American troops and their allies from Afghanistan does not yet imply the coming of peace in the region. Therefore, among the main threats to the security of the region are the activities of transnational terrorist groups such as “The Islamic State of Khorasan Province”, “The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan” and “The Islamic Movement of Eastern Turkestan”.
Valuable Resource on the History of China (Review of the Courses of Video-lectures by S. V. Dmitriev “A History of China” and “A History of Chinese Studies”)
Authors: Komissarov Sergey A. , Kudinova Maria A.
Published: April 2021

The review briefly presents two academic courses, ‘A History of China’ and ‘A History of Chinese Studies’ by S. V. Dmitriev published online on the “Youtube” platform. The creation of high-quality, publicly available educational resources significantly expands the opportunities for the study of historical sinological disciplines and sets a new standard for their teaching both in higher and supplementary education.
International Scientific Linguistic Conference LESEWA
Authors: Kutafeva Natalia V.
Published: April 2021

A report on the International Scientific Linguistic Conference LESEWA held under the aegis of the Institute of Countries of Asia and Africa of Moscow State University and St. Petersburg State University on 23–24 November in Moscow. Brief descriptions of the presented papers are given.
War Remembrance in China and Its Influence on Sino-Japanese Relations in the 1950s – Early 1980s
Authors: Perminova Vera A.
Published: April 2021

Problems of the past remain one of the most important factors that have plagued Sino-Japanese relations for the last few decades. Questions that are related to events of WWII and in particular events of the Second Sino-Japanese war are still relevant and remain a sensitive issue in contemporary China. Complicated postwar Sino-Japanese relations are not only caused by political and economic factors, but to a great extent are related to specific perceptions of events of the shared past in the first half of the 20th century by these two nations. Collective remembrance of Sino-Japanese wars and one of the most major wars of the 20th century – WWII – that was formed during the 20th centenary is vastly different in China and Japan, and still has a great impact on the dynamics of bilateral relations. The paper studies Chinese approaches to the interpretation of the Sino-Japanese war of resistance, role of the State and non-State actors in forming collective war remembrance in China during different stages of postwar development in the 20th century: during the first decades after the end of WWII (1950–70s), period of normalization of Sino-Japanese relations after 1972 – when a joint declaration was signed and “renewing” war remembrance in the 1980s.
РАЗРАБОТКА СИСТЕМЫ АНАЛИЗА ДЕЙСТВИЙ ПОЛЬЗОВАТЕЛЯ В ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СРЕДЕ
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia, Karpova N. E. , Baranov A. S. ,   Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia, Emelina A. A. ,   Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia, Konovalov A. E. ,   Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia
Published: April 2021

Статья посвящена анализу действий пользователя в информационной системе и разработке системы мониторинга аномальных действий пользователя в информационной среде. Для разработки системы был использован математический аппарат нечеткой логики. Основным достоинством систем мониторинга информационной среды, основанных на нечеткой логике, является возможность учета большого количества сценариев действий пользователя, а также большого количества параметров информационной системы. В ходе исследования было выявлено, что действия злоумышленников отличаются от поведения обычных пользователей. В результате предлагается система мониторинга аномальных действий пользователя в информационной среде, которая основана на анализе журналов событий. Работа системы требует накопления информации (пути перемещения пользователей в системе, данные о времени входа и продолжительности сессии, данные об удалении файлов и т.д.), на основании которой создается эталон (шаблон) нормального поведения пользователя. В дальнейшем происходит сравнение поведения пользователя с эталоном, и при выявлении аномального или подозрительного повеления система сигнализирует об отклонениях. Данная разработка позволяет контролировать значительное число параметров информационной системы для выявления фактов несанкционированного доступа.
METHOD OF CLASSES ASSESSMENT THE "LOYAL EMPLOYEE" AND "INSIDER"
Authors:   Novosibirsk Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Trushin V. A. ,   NF FSUE Atlas, Novosibirsk, Russia, Zavodovskaya A. I. ,   Novosibirsk Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Oveshnikov I. A. ,   Novosibirsk Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Toporishchev E. V. ,   Novosibirsk Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: April 2021

Защита речевой информации должна быть не только максимально эффективной, но и комфортной для лиц, находящихся в защищаемом помещении. В настоящее время для защиты речевой информации чаще всего применяются средства активной защиты, которые представляют собой либо генераторы шума, либо генераторы речеподобных помех. В то же время существуют правовые документы, регламентирующие уровень и время воздействия шумовых помех на человека, чего нет для речеподобных помех. Данное исследование направлено на выявление раздражающего воздействия на человека речеподобных помех, созданных на основе слоговых, словесных артикуляционных таблиц, а также ревеберационной РП-помехи. Эксперименты показали, что самой раздражающей является РП-помеха на основе слоговых артикуляционных таблиц. Основными негативными последствиями оказались головная боль, раздражительность, усталость. Модификация РП-помехи в виде обрезки пиков улучшила слуховое восприятие помехи людьми, при этом эффективность не уменьшилась.
THE DERIVATION CRAMER-RAO LOWER BOUND FOR PARAMETERS OF SIGNALS MULTIPLIED ON WINDOW FUNCTIONS
Authors:   Omsk State Transport University, Omsk, Russia, Altman E. A. , Vaseeva T. V. ,   Omsk State Transport University, Omsk, Russia, Aleksandrov A. V. ,   Omsk State Transport University, Omsk, Russia
Published: April 2021

Статья посвящена уточнению границы Крамера-Рао амплитуды однотонального сигнала для методов ее оценки с использованием оконных функций. Граница Крамера-Рао позволяет найти минимальную дисперсию оценки параметра сигнала. Для гармонических сигналов известны формулы, оценивающие дисперсии амплитуды, частоты и фазы гармоник, однако, известные методы их оценки показывают результаты выше этой границы. В том числе не достигает границы Крамера-Рао и метод корреляционного анализа, который находит гармоники по методу максимального правдоподобия. Увеличение дисперсии оценки происходит из-за наложения на исходный сигнал оконных функций. Для определения точности оценки при выборе оконной функции обычно использовалось численное моделирование методов оценки гармоник. В статье выводится формула для оценки минимальной дисперсии амплитуды гармоник для методов, использующих оконные функции. Этот вывод позволяет понять математический смысл увеличения границы Крамера-Рао при использовании оконных функции, а полученная формула позволяет быстрее и точнее, по сравнению с численным моделированием, оценить точность определения амплитуды. Результаты экспериментальных исследований показали, что расчеты по предложенной формуле совпадают с результатами, полученными на основе численных экспериментов.
SEARCH FOR THE OPTIMAL METHOD FOR OBTAINING ESTIMATIONS FOR AN AUTOMATED MAGNETOTELLURIC SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEM
Authors:   Omsk State Transport University, Omsk, Russia, Lavrukhin A. A. , Lobov K. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Tukanova A. S. ,   Omsk State Transport University, Omsk, Russia, Onufriev A. S. ,   Omsk State Transport University, Omsk, Russia
Published: April 2021

Рассматривается задача получения оценок импедансных частотных характеристик в методе магнитотеллурического зондирования. Предлагается вариативный алгоритм, предназначенный для исследования различных способов оценивания с точки зрения их точности и эффективности. Приведены результаты вычислительных экспериментов по обработке синтетических сигналов, представляющие показатели точности и эффективности некоторых методов оценивания. Предлагаемый подход предлагается использовать при разработке алгоритмического и программного обеспечения встроенной аппаратно-программной системы регистрации и обработки сигналов, а также прикладного программного обеспечения автоматизированной системы обработки сигналов магнитотеллурического зондирования.
PASSIVE ORIENTATION OF PARTS IN A MECHANICAL DISK HOPPER-FEEDING DEVICE WITH A RING ORIENTATOR AND RADIAL GROOVES
Authors:   Tula State University, Tula, Russia, Pantyukhina E. V. , Preys V. V. ,   Tula State University, Tula, Russia, Pantyukhin O. V. ,   Tula state university, Tula, Russia
Published: April 2021

В работе рассмотрены математические модели, описывающие процесс пассивного ориентирования осесимметричных деталей в форме тел вращения с неявной асимметрией по торцам в механическом дисковом бункерном загрузочном устройстве с кольцевым ориентатором и радиальными пазами, выполненными на вращающемся диске. Разработанные математические модели позволяют оценить граничные условия, при которых будет обеспечиваться надежное ориентирование деталей, и время ориентирования деталей в зависимости от геометрических параметров детали, коэффициента трения скольжения детали о направляющие поверхности, конструктивных и кинематических параметров бункерного загрузочного устройства.
Reliability Analysis and Maintainability for the Design of Grid and Hybrid Solar Power Plant Systems in Wonogiri Regency
Authors: Nur’Aini Etika , Budiarto Rachmawan , Setiawan Bakti , Ma'arif Alfian
Published: April 2021

Indonesia has the potential for large solar power plants. It has relatively constant solar radiation because it is close to the equator. Besides, solar energy includes renewable energy that is more environmentally friendly and easier to apply in office areas, especially Wonogiri. However, it turns out that the solar power plant projects that have been built are not yet fully functional, and some have even failed. A lack of responsibility and maintenance causes this carried out after the project is complete. For this reason, it is necessary to estimate the reliability of these components and determine the maintenance schedule before the project is carried out. So that later they have a picture and be better prepared when this project is already underway. The fault tree method's failure factors are expected to create a picture to maintain reliability and determine the prioritized components for maintainability. For the results obtained to be more appropriate, apart from seeing the quantitative analysis output, the fault tree also needs to be adjusted to the component manual or datasheet to determine the replacement of spare parts and their maintenance. So that the resulting schedule for maintenance and replacement of spare parts. Thus, the solar power plant project that has been built will be more reliable and can be appropriately utilized.
When Eating “Correctly” is not so Healthy: Factor Analysis of the ORTO-15 in University Students from Mexico City
Authors:   Department of Psychology, University of Ibeoamerican, Mexico, A Tena , A Parra ,   Department of Health, University of Ibeoamerican, Mexico, M Barajas ,   National Autonomous University of Mexico, Complexity Science Center, Mexico, GM Bilbao ,   Department of Health, University of Ibeoamerican, Mexico, MC Diaz ,   Department of Psychology, University of Ibeoamerican, Mexico, I Flores ,   Department of Health, University of Ibeoamerican, Mexico, A Ruiz ,   Department of Psychology, University of Ibeoamerican, Mexico
Published: April 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the ORTO-15 questionnaire, in Mexican university students. This questionnaire was designed to assess the presence of Orthorexia Nervosa (ON). Method: The sample consisted of 911 Mexican university students (65.4% women) aged between 18 and 28 years (M=21±1.9) who answered the Spanish version of the ORTO-15. Results: The results of the factor analysis with a varimax rotation yielded a structure of 14 test items made up of four factors, which explained 52.4% of the variance. Likewise, an adequate internal consistency was obtained (Cronbach’s alpha=0.78). Conclusion: The psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the ORTO-15 are supported as a reliable tool for the evaluation of orthorexia nervosa in the Mexican population; however, it is important to consider the influence of the Mexican culture. Its use is expected to contribute significantly to a better understanding of the impact these behaviors have on Mexican population.
The Association between Co-Administration of Omeprazole and Clopidogrel and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, AN Azab , E Shmulevich ,   Department of Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Israel, H Gilutz ,   Department of Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Israel, R Shvartsur ,   Department of Nursing, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, M Friger ,   Department of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
Published: April 2021

Objective: To examine whether co-administration of clopidogrel and omeprazole affects the clinical outcomes of clopidogrel treatment. Design and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 4078 patients after a percutaneous coronary intervention and stent implantation. Seven hundred twenty-three clopidogrel-treated patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were included: 318 treated only with clopidogrel; 405 treated with clopidogrel and omeprazole (study group). The interaction between the drugs was examined in relation to adverse clinical outcomes such as all-cause mortality, Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) and cardiac hospitalizations during one year. Results: No significant difference was detected between the groups regarding the primary outcomes of the study. Regression models adjusted to basic characteristics and clinical variables showed a significant association between the study group and the primary outcomes through interactions with specific covariates: “all-cause mortality” through interaction with the covariate ethnicity (not-Jewish) (OR = 43.12, 95% CI 1.19-1567.8, P = 0.04), “MACE” through interaction with the covariates gender (female) and complicated angioplasty (OR= 9.36, 95% CI 2.04-42.94, P= 0.04); and “cardiac hospitalizations” through interaction with the covariates extent of artery stenosis and hypertension (OR= 2.65, 95% CI 1.043-6.76, P = 0.04). Conclusion: Addition of omeprazole to clopidogrel may be associated with increased incidence of negative clinical outcomes, including death and MACE. These findings underscore the need for conduction of prospective randomized controlled trials that will examine the association between addition of omeprazole to clopidogrel and the incidence of clinical outcomes.
The Ground-Glass Ethmoid Sinus Sign" May be the Sole Indicator for Acute Sinusitis on CT: A New Sign at Paranasal Sinus CT Images
Authors:   Department of Medical Imaging, Acibadem University, Vocational School of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey, Yildirim Duzgun , Tekcan Deniz Esin ,   Department of Radiology, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey, Akinci Özlem ,   Department of Radiology, Sancaktepe Professor Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, Akkilic Elvan Cevizci ,   Department of Radiology, Sancaktepe Professor Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, Altundag Aytug ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Biruni university, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: April 2021

Objective: In this retrospective study we aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of “Ground-Glass Ethmoid Sinus Sign” (GGESS) in ethmoid cells in patients with clinical acute sinusitis. Patients and Methods: Between January 2018-December 2018, 440 CT of the paranasal region taken for any reason in our clinic were evaluated. Mucosal thickening of the paranasal sinus wall, secretion levels, secretion bands, and Ground-Glass Signs on Ethmoid cellular walls (GGESS) were evaluated by two radiologists. The diagnostic significance of GGESS in patients with clinically positive findings and those without a diagnosis of sinusitis was statistically analyzed. Results: Patients were included in the study classified as having acute sinusitis (Group 1-103 cases) and without a clinical history of acute sinusitis (Group 2-337 cases). In the diagnosis of acute sinusitis, GGESS had a positive predictive value of 79%, a negative predictive value of 95%, a sensitivity of 86%, and a specifity of 93%. The GGESS finding was found to be significantly higher in the acute sinusitis group as 86%, while it was 7% in the asymptomatic group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The presence of “GGESS” on paranasal sinus CT images is associated with acute sinusitis significantly more than any other sinus inflammation findings.
On the Mechanism of Visible-Light Accelerated Methane Dry Reforming Reaction over Ni/CeO2-X Catalysts
Authors: Lorber Kristijan , Zavašnik Janez , Sancho-Parramon Jordi , Bubaš Matej , Mazaj Matjaž , Djinovic Petar
Published: April 2021

The methane dry reforming reaction (DRM) converts methane and CO2 into syngas, a mixture of H2 and CO. When illuminated by white light, the 2Ni/CeO2-x catalyst enables conversions of both CH4 and CO2 beyond thermodynamic equilibrium, while the energy efficiency reaches 33 %. The DRM reaction is sustained in a purely photocatalytic mode without external heating when illuminated by 790 mw/cm2 of white light with CH4 and CO2 rates equaling 0.21 and 0.75 mmol/gcat*min, respectively. At a constant catalyst temperature of 400 °C, the reaction selectivity expressed as H2/CO ratio increases from 0.23 to 0.59 in light-assisted mode compared to the experiment in the dark. The theoretical analysis of Ni/CeO2-x optical properties agree with in-situ UV-Vis DRS results and show that the presence of partly reduced Ce3+ sites is crucial for extending the optical absorption of Ni/CeO2-x into the visible light range. The strong electromagnetic near field enhancement was identified as the dominant source of visible-light-induced rate acceleration and occurs mainly over nickel nanoparticles which are the active sites for methane activation. This work identifies Ni/CeO2-x photocatalyst as highly efficient for boosting methane activation by visible light illumination under mild conditions.
Investigating 3,3-Diaryloxetanes as Potential Bioisosteres in Drug Discovery
Authors: Dubois Maryne A. J. , Croft Rosemary , Ding Yujie , Choi Chulho , Owen Dafydd R. , Bull James , Mousseau James J.
Published: April 2021

Oxetanes have received increasing interest in medicinal chemistry as attractive polar and low molecular weight motifs. The application of oxetanes as replacements for methylene, methyl, gem-dimethyl and carbonyl groups has been demonstrated to often improve chemical properties of target molecules for drug discovery purposes. The investigation of the properties of 3,3-diaryloxetanes, particularly of interest as a benzophenone replacement, remains largely unexplored. With recent synthetic advances in accessing this motif we studied the effects of 3,3-diaryloxetanes on the physicochemical properties of ‘drug-like’ molecules. Here, we describe our efforts in the design and synthesis of a range of drug-like compounds for matched molecular pair analysis to investigate the viability of the 3,3-diaryloxetane motif as a replacement group in drug discovery. We conclude that the properties of the diaryloxetanes and ketones are similar, and generally superior to related alkyl linkers, and that diaryloxetanes provide a potentially useful new design element.
Autonomous Capillary Microfluidic Devices with Constant Flow Rate and Temperature-Controlled Valving
Authors: Li Lanhui , Westerbeek Eiko , Vollenbroek Jeroen , de Beer Sissi , Shui Lingling , Odijk Mathieu , Eijkel Jan
Published: April 2021

In this work, we introduce a Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) grafted PDMS (PNIPAm-g-PDMS) capillary flow-driven microfluidic device with integrated valving function. Due to the thermo-sensitive properties of PNIPAm, the device possesses a temperature-switchable surface wettability between 20 and 36 °C. By locally integrating a heating wire, a hydrophobic valving function can thus be obtained. The device provides large operational freedom, enables single-valve control, and operates in a convenient temperature range. In addition, this device is characterized by a capillary filling rate that is constant in time. The constant flow velocities ranging from 1 µm/s to 240 µm/s can be obtained in dry PNIPAm-g-PDMS and freshly treated PNIPAm-g-PDMS devices with different channel geometry. We explained the constant flow rate with diffusive hydration of PNIPAm at the liquid front. This device thus provides both stop valving and accurate flow control functions, being potentially applied for diagnostic assay performance.
Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes with Different N-Containing Ligands via Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Leong Cheng Yee , Lo Ye Shen , Koh Pei Wen , Lee Siew Ling
Published: April 2021

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes (TNT) were successfully synthesized using different N-containing ligands via hydrothermal method. Methylamine, ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine with different Ti/ligand molar ratios (1:1, 1:3, 1:5 and 1:8) were prepared. As-synthesized TiO2 without N-containing ligands were also prepared for comparison purpose. The X-Ray Diffraction patterns confirmed the presence of anatase phase of TiO2 in all the synthesized samples whereas the presence of sodium titanate was only detected in the samples containing N-containing ligands. The Transmission Electron Microscopy images also showed that the N-containing ligands promoted the formation of nanotubes in the anatase TiO2. Based on the Tauc Plot, the band gap energy of anatase TiO2 was shifted with the addition of methylamine, ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine. The photoluminescence spectra also showed that with the addition of sufficient amount of N-containing ligands, the intensity of photoluminescence spectrum decreased, suggesting formation of more nanotube and reduction of electron hole recombination rate. The photocatalytic performance of all synthesized samples was determined through photodegradation of Congo red under UV light for 6 hours. The results suggested that among the synthesized materials, the sample which contained diethylenetriamine with molar ratio of 5 gave the highest photocatalytic activity of 76.71% which could be attributed to successful formation of nanotube, its higher surface rate reaction and low electron hole recombination. Diethylenetriamine showed higher efficiency in assisting the formation of TiO2 nanotubes compared to methylamine and ethylenediamine.
Long Term Conventional Bonds versus Long Term Sukuk Issuances and Their Determinants in Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia, Mohd Saad Noriza
Published: April 2021

Both instruments, either conventional bonds or sukuk (Islamic bonds) were trading under the same roof, in the secondary market and through over the counter in Malaysia. The main different is relying on sukuk trading shall be halal in transactions and fully compliant to shariah Islam but for conventional bonds is not restricted to this constituent. The objective of this study is to investigate the mean different between performance of sukuk and conventional bonds. Throughout, this study focused on the sample of 256 tranche of issuances consists of conventional bonds and sukuk with number of observations of 112 and 144 respectively. Secondary data is gathered from Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) bond information Hub for fifteen conservative year’s period from 2000 to 2014. The methods of independent sample T-test and Levene’s test are employed in order to test the hypothesis. Interestingly, results revealed there is a significant mean different between long-term conventional bonds and sukuk performance denoting that these two debt instruments are performed in different ways even though trading in the similar marketplace.
Determinant Factor of Central Government Relocation In Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan Province
Authors:   University Utara Malaysia, Malaysia, Mohd Udin Mashitah
Published: April 2021

Relocation of the central government today has become a strategic issue at the national level considering the condition of Jakarta as the capital of the country faced with the intensity of social, political and economic problems that are increasingly high and difficult to overcome. The vision of the government in solving the problems of the nation's capital seems to be losing hope unless the option of relocating the center of government to a potential alternative region. The relocation of the central government of the region is not without consequences, including the relocation plan to Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan Province. By making Palangkaraya as one of the alternative options, then the determinant factors that can be the support and power of departure if the government relocates the central government to the intended location. This study uses the theory of central place by Walter Christaller. Through qualitative observation of the range and threshold aspect, the required distance to get the desired needs of the community and the minimum number of community members needed to maintain the supply of goods balance can be determined Palangkaraya position as the ideal center of government. This study, at least in the short term, can contribute to the government's foothold to develop further in the form of a comprehensive research involving all stakeholders so that the central government relocation stage can be done according to the government's vision in the next 10 to 15years.
Innate Factors: The Importance on Earnings Quality in Malaysia
Authors:   Politeknik Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin, Malaysia, Musa Laila
Published: April 2021

Innate factors are important determinants of earnings quality of the firm. Most previous studies have not emphasized the potential importance of innate factors individually towards earnings quality. Therefore, this study aims to examine the importance of innate factors as determinant factors of earnings quality in Malaysia. The data collection was made through 2,549 firm year observed data consisting of 728 listed companies in Bursa Malaysia from the year 2006 until year 2010. Data collected were analyzed using panel data regression techniques in determining the influence of economic factors towards earnings quality. Measurement of earnings quality is based on the accrual quality. The results showed that the firm size, variability of cash flows, length of operating cycle, incidence of losses and investment opportunities have a significant influence in describing earnings quality. On the other hand variability of sales and capital intensity proved these factors were not significantly important in describing earnings quality. Overall, this study could give a significant contribution to the literature that innate factors have their own importance as determinant factors of earnings quality in Malaysia.
The Importance of Takaful (Islamic Insurance) among Commerce Department Staff in POLIMAS
Authors:   Politeknik Sultan Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah, Malaysia, Mat Daud Multazimah
Published: April 2021

Takaful insurance has the same function as the conventional insurance. However, both are different in term of operation. Takaful is a type of Islamic insurance, where member contribute money into a pooling system in order to guarantee each other against losses or damage that may inflict upon any of them by contributing as tabarru or donation in the Takaful funds. Takaful branded insurance is based on sharia, Islamic religious law and explain how it is the responsibility of individuals to corporate and protect each other. Takaful insurance is very important for us because it is for our future. Purchasing the insurance is the good idea. This paper attempt to determine the importance Takaful insurance toward people especially parents, using Polimas staff from Commerce department as respondent. The researcher intends to determine the importance Takaful insurance based on independent variable; protection, product feature, saving and services quality. It important to make sure that their customer always exceed their expectation toward takaful and its product. The objective of this research is to identify the important level of Takaful insurance among commerce department staff, determine the most factor that influence commerce department staff to purchase Takaful insurance and identify the commerce department staff expectation towards Takaful insurance. This research is an exploratory by using quantitative method. The purpose of the research was designed to measure the importance Takaful (Islamic insurance) towards commerce department staff in Politeknik Sultan Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah (POLIMAS). This research were analyzed by descriptive analysis on the questionnaire that relevant with our objective base on independent and dependent variable. This research employed a population of commerce department staff were chosen as a sample of research randomly. Total sample chosen is based on Krejcie and Morgan table [1]
Demographic Antecedents of Consumer Cosmopolitanism and Ethnocentrism: A Country-Level Analysis with Twenty-Eight Countries
Authors:   Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate demographic antecedents of cross-country differences in consumer cosmopolitanism (COS) and consumer ethnocentrism (CET) with samples of twenty-eight countries. Specifically, we examine gender and age level differences in COS and CET for individual countries and assess the consistency of the differences across countries. The findings of this study show that COS is high in countries of low median age. Additionally, our study found that CET is high in countries with large populations. When CET was examined with dogmatism and patriotism dimensions, dogmatism was found to be high in high median age countries. Our study also found a moderate tendency across countries for older consumers exhibiting higher levels of ethnocentrism, dogmatism, and patriotism.
Factors Contributing to Cost Escalation and Delay of Public-Private Partnership Projects in Maldives Construction Industry
Authors:   Heriot Watt University, Ahmed Hameed Zaina
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the research is to identify the factors that contributes to cost escalation and delay of PPP construction projects in Maldives and to identify the significant factors in the perspective of the actors (client, contractor and consultant). In this quantitative research, a survey comprising the actors who have had previous experience in the field of PPP construction projects were used. The data analysis was carried out using Relative and Important Index (RII). The key findings indicate that the most significant factor for cost escalation is scope changes, followed by schedule delay and technical challenges and the most significant factor for project delay was delayed payments, followed by financial process, changes in drawings and poor supervision. The study contributes to the body of knowledge in construction industry by identifying the most significant factor which contributes to cost escalation and project delay in Maldives. The study is particularly useful for policymakers as a guide for planning and implementing PPP projects in the construction industry of Maldives.
Investigation of Critical Factors for Successful ERP Implementation: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Gill Atif Ali , Shaheera Amin  , Ammara Saleem
Published: April 2021

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has become vital for any organization to get a competitive advantage in today’s world. Financial organizations are improving their performance by replacing old legacy systems with the latest integrated ERP software packages. This study purposed to identify the vital determinants of ERP successful implementation in the banking sector. The data has been collected from the thirteen largest well-known commercial banks in Pakistan. This study is qualitative in nature and data has been collected interviews from respondents. After analyzing through thematic analysis, this study found the new theoretical model for future empirical investigation. Researchers and Practitioners can use these valuable insights for successful implementation of ERP in the financial sector.
A variabilidade da precipitação nas sub-bacias do Alto e do Médio Jaguaribe e seu efeito sob os açudes Castanhão e Orós, localizados no estado do Ceará
Authors: Rocha Sâmia de Sousa , De Almeida João Roberto Façanha
Published: April 2021

Os grandes períodos de seca e as fortes chuvas são características da variabilidade pluviométrica do semiárido do estado do Ceará e para melhor caracterizar tais acontecimentos existem diversos métodos. Dentre eles, o Índice de Anomalia de Chuvas (IAC) que foi aplicado neste trabalho e teve como base a série histórica publicada no portal HidroWeb da Agência Nacional das Águas (ANA) durante o período de 1969 a 2019. O enfoque do estudo se deu nas sub-bacias do Alto e Médio Jaguaribe, onde se localizam, respectivamente, os açudes Orós e Castanhão. Com isto, calculou-se o IAC para sete postos pluviométricos identificando os anos secos e chuvosos e os classificando de acordo com a intensidade. Posteriormente, realizou-se através do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson a correlação entre a variação da precipitação e dos níveis volumétricos dos açudes. Conclui-se que houve uma proporção entre a quantidade de anos secos e chuvosos na região, pois, em ambas bacias foram identificados 27 anos secos e 24 anos úmidos. O menor IAC encontrado foi de -4,55 em 1993 na região do Médio Jaguaribe e o maior foi de 6,77 em 1985 no Alto Jaguaribe. Observou-se também que a correlação se mostrou forte obtendo valores de 0,74 para o açude Castanhão e de 0,72 no Orós, ou seja, o fator precipitação influencia diretamente no aporte hídrico de açudes e por isto, é tão crucial o entendimento de séries históricas e de acontecimentos climáticos nas regiões do Nordeste brasileiro.  Study of pluviometric variability in cearense semiarid and the efect on Orós and Castanhão daws A B S T R A C TThe large dry and heavy rains periods are characteristics of the rainfall variance on the semiarid region in the State of Ceará and there are several methods to characterize better such events. Among them, the Rains Anomaly Index (RAI) was applied in this work based on the historical series extracted from ANA between the periods of 1969 to 2019. The focus of the study was the region of the Upper Jaguaribe and Middle Jaguaribe basins, where the Orós and Castanhão dams are located, respectively. Thus, the RAI was calculated for 7 pluviometric stations identifying the dry and humid years and classifying them according to the intensity, afterward, through the Pearson method, the correlation between the RAI and the variation of the volumetric levels of the dams was performed. Therefore, it’s possible to conclude that was a proportion between the number of dried and humid years in the region, for as much in both basins were identified 27 dry and 24 humid years. It was also observed that the correlation proved to be strong, obtaining values of 0.74 for the Castanhão reservoir and 0.72 in Orós, that is, the precipitation factor directly influences the water supply of dams and, therefore, the understanding of series and climatic events is so crucial in the Northeast regions of Brazil.Keywords: Weather Events. Northeast brazilian. RAI.
Mapeamento das áreas de armazenamento de água em depressão, usando dados LIDAR: Estudo de caso avenida Caxangá
Authors: Bandim Camila Gardenea de Almeida , Galvíncio Josiclêda Domiciano
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em avaliar as áreas inundáveis em Recife, com especial atenção à avenida Caxangá.  Iniciando uma análise sobre a drenagem convencional utilizando a tecnologia LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging). Os dados empregados neste trabalho foram captados pelo sistema LIDAR e possuem 50 cm de resolução, sendo um total de 12 quadrículas xyz para a constituição do mosaico Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) da avenida Caxangá, com destaque para as quadrículas 81_50-05 e 81_60-05, partindo dessas foram geradas as direções e acúmulos de fluxo. Os resultados obtidos enfatizam a alta resolução através da nítida visualização de elementos naturais e artificiais, e ainda o nivelamento do terreno. Em seguida, observa-se o acúmulo de fluxo que exibe as diferentes direções e acúmulos do escoamento superficial, ainda se percebe a influência na drenagem urbana das construções antrópicas e da vegetação em locais pontuais da avenida Caxangá. Em conclusão os dados do sistema LIDAR responderam positivamente, tanto na captação na modelagem do terreno e topografia artificial, como também para as gerações de direções e acúmulo de fluxos apresentando maiores valores para áreas depressivas naturais e antropizadas. Sendo destaque neste estudo as áreas antropizadas por provocarem problemas de desastres naturais. Conclui-se que as áreas antropizadas exercem um importante papel na drenagem urbana.  Mapping water storage areas in depression, using LIDAR data: Caxangá Avenida case study A B S T R A C TThe objective of this study is to evaluate the floodable areas in Recife, with special attention to Avenida Caxangá. Starting an analysis on conventional drainage using LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) technology. The data used in this work were captured by the LIDAR system and have 50 cm of resolution, with a total of 12 xyz squares for the constitution of the Digital Elevation Model (MDE) mosaic on Avenida Caxangá, with emphasis on the squares 81_50-05 and 81_60 -05, from these directions and flow accumulations were generated. The results obtained emphasize the high resolution through the clear visualization of natural and artificial elements, as well as the leveling of the terrain. Then, there is the accumulation of flow that shows the different directions and accumulations of runoff, the influence on the urban drainage of anthropic buildings and vegetation in specific places on Avenida Caxangá is still perceived. In conclusion, the data from the LIDAR system responded positively, both in capturing terrain modeling and artificial topography, as well as for generations of directions and accumulation of flows, presenting higher values for natural and anthropized depressive areas. Being highlighted in this study the areas anthropized because they cause problems of natural disasters. It is concluded that anthropized areas play an important role in urban drainage.Keywords: Geoprocessing. Remote sensing. Urbanization. Urban flood. drainage
Ecological-economic zoning as an instrument for the environmental management of hydrographic basins
Authors: Lopes Elfany Reis do Nascimento , De Souza José Carlos , Albuquerque Filho José Luiz , Lourenço Roberto Wagner
Published: April 2021

This study presents a proposal of ecological-economic zoning using the hydrographic basin of the Una River, Ibiúna, São Paulo, as a study area to subsidize the application of zoning as a management tool for water resources in the context of integrated environmental analysis. The zoning comprised four stages: delimitation of morphometric, physical, biotic, and socioeconomic parameters; definition of the environmental scenario; determination of management zones; and characterization of zones and definition of objectives, conflicts, permitted uses, potential, management actions, and legislation. The results indicate that the basin has 96 km2, with an irregular and elongated shape, an average altitude of 937 meters, a maximum elevation of 1,175 meters, and a strongly undulating relief. Temporary agriculture (36.33%), dense rain forest (37.05%), and oxisol or Argisols predominate in the area. The socioenvironmental characteristics indicate that the sanitation rate of households, residents, and environment were higher in the urban area. About 86% of the population living in the basin are literate, while the percentage of access to the water and sewage system in the rural area is precarious. The EEZ comprised eight management zones, the main ones being agricultural and conservation zones, considered satisfactory and efficient for environmental management and favoring coordination and replication in similar areas.
Ciclone Michael: gênese e transição extratropical
Authors: Pereira Raquel Gonçalves , De Araujo Aline Aquino , Reboita Michelle Simões
Published: April 2021

Os ciclones de escala sinótica são responsáveis por grandes mudanças no tempo das regiões onde atuam. Nos últimos anos tem aumentado o número de sistemas tropicais severos. Por exemplo, o ciclone Michael, ocorrido em outubro de 2018, causou muitos danos nos Estados Unidos (U$25 bilhões em prejuízo), inclusive 16 óbitos. Diante desse contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo é a análise sinótica da gênese e transição extratropical do ciclone Michael. Michael teve gênese no mar do Caribe, no dia 6 de outubro de 2018, associada a uma perturbação ciclônica em baixos níveis da atmosfera. O sistema chegou a categoria 5 na escala de Saffir-Simpson no dia 10 de outubro; já no dia 11 de outubro transicionou para ciclone extratropical e decaiu no dia 18 de outubro. A análise sinótica mostra que transição extratropical ocorre à medida que o sistema interage com uma região de intenso gradiente horizontal de temperatura do ar.  Cyclone Michael: genesis and extratropical transition   A B S T R A C T Synoptic-scale cyclones are responsible for major changes in the weather in the regions where they act. In recent years the number of severe tropical systems has increased. For example, cyclone Michael, which occurred in October 2018, caused a lot of damage in the United States ($ 25 billion in damage) including 16 deaths. Given this context, the objective of the present study is the synoptic analysis of the genesis and extratropical transition of cyclone Michael. Michael had genesis in the Caribbean Sea on October 6, 2018, associated with a cyclonic disturbance in low levels of the atmosphere. The system reached category 5 on the Saffir-Simpson scale on 10 October; on the 11 October it transitioned to an extratropical cyclone and decayed on the 18 October. The synoptic analysis shows that extratropical transition occurs as the system interacts with a region of intense horizontal air temperature gradient. Keywords: cyclone, synoptic analysis, extratropical transition.