bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of the Characteristics of Asynchro- nous Drives with Vector Control and Direct Torque Control
Authors: Romadov S. V. , Goryachev O. V.
Published: April 2024

Active development of electric drive theory in recent decades has led to the emergence of various methods for asynchronous three-phase motors control, promoted by leading drive development companies, the competition between which inevitably gives rise to false preconceptions about the real capabilities and characteristics of these methods. Additionally, literary sources often bypass positional drives, focusing on speed control, and the same can be said about the preference for synchronous drives over asynchronous ones. This study solves the problem of a comprehensive comparison of the characteristics of classical vector control based drives and direct torque control schemes at the levels of theoretical description and computer simulation. To solve this problem mathematical descriptions and functional diagrams of asynchronous motors with indicated control systems are given and analyzed and models of considered systems are developed in the Simulink environment of the Matlab program, considering flexibility of mechanical transmission and various resistance moments and allowing to form a quantitative assessment of considered characteristics. The results of numerical modeling are presented on example of a specific induction motor with a squirrel-cage rotor DMChTs 80-2-8OM2 for each system variant in several operating modes, which are of interest for various options of such drives practical application and identifying considered control methods individual features. Advantages and disadvantages formulated as a result, as well as recommendations for the use of the compared drive systems, are quite universal and can be used in design of various drives with both asynchro-nous and synchronous motors.
PROCEDURAL STATUS OF THE INVESTIGATOR: PROBLEM ISSUES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Denysenko V.V.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the problematic issues of the procedural status of the investigator, the debatable question of the relationship between the terms «procedural status of the investigator» and «competency of the investigator». The purpose of the article is to study certain problematic issues of the investigator’s procedural status and make proposals for their solution. It is substantiated that the criminal procedural competence of the investigator is the legal envelope of his criminal procedural activity, which determines his criminal procedural status, which is defined by the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Components of the investigator’s procedural status are the investigator’s functions, the investigator’s subject matter, and the investigator’s powers. The specified elements in their totality make up the content of the concept of «criminal procedural competence of the investigator». It is proven that the scope of criminal procedural competence means its substantive and quantitative content. The limits of the investigator’s competence only outline the circle of its elements, taken together or separately from each other. At the same time, each structural element of its competence has its limit. The investigator has no right to go beyond the procedural function of prosecution. The boundary of the investigator’s authority is the circle of his rights and duties, which the investigator is entitled to use to fulfill the tasks of his criminal procedural activity. The author gives arguments for introducing in all law enforcement agencies instead of the institute of investigators, the institute of detectives. The necessity in the current criminal procedural legislation and laws of Ukraine, which determine the competence of law enforcement agencies, to combine the functions of pre-trial investigation and operational-search activity into a single function of detective activity is substantiated, which will eliminate the problems of interaction between pre-trial investigation bodies and operational units and at the same time increase the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies in implementation of pretrial investigation of criminal offenses, strengthening of guarantees of the rights of all participants in criminal proceedings.
The First Case of Phaeohyphomycosis Caused by
Exophiala xenobiotica in an Immunocompetent
Patient in Korea
Authors: Seol Jung Eun Seol , Jang Seung Hee , Yun Hee Weon , Ahn Sang Woo , Shin Jeong Hwan , Kim Hyojin
Published: April 2024

Phaeohyphomycosis is a rare fungal infection caused by dematiaceous fungi commonly associated with immunocompromised patients. Exophiala (E.) species are linked to phaeohyphomycosis, and in Korea, E. dermatitidis, E. jeanselmei, and E. salmonis were previously isolated from affected patients. Here, we describe a unique instance
of phaeohyphomycosis in an immunocompetent patient attributed to E. xenobiotica. A 75-year-old female presented with an asymptomatic erythematous crusted subcutaneous nodule on the dorsum of her left-hand. Her past medical history was negative for immunosuppression or trauma to the affected area. Histopathological
examination revealed suppurative granulomatous infiltration, with septate hyphae and spores detected by periodic acid-Schiff staining in the dermis. A fungal culture made from a tissue sample revealed E. xenobiotica, with subsequent confirmation through phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit
regions (LSU) of ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA). The patient was diagnosed with phaeohyphomycosis and underwent a 3-week course of terbinafine, followed by 7 weeks of fluconazole. These treatments significantly improved the lesion. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of phaeohyphomycosis caused by E. xenobiotica in Korea.
Outcome of COVID-19 in patients with a history of acute leukemia; A Narrative Review
Authors: Prinja Sreejith , Vanak Yashika , Rajsekar Pierre , Singh Christl
Published: April 2024

The chemotherapy and immunosuppressive medication may be associated with the suppressed immune system of a cancer patient making them susceptible to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with unclear mechanisms. We reviewed current studies on the clinical courses of leukemia patients with a risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection through searches in Pubmed databases and Google search engines. The criterion used for review includes their relevance to the defined review question, which is the outcome of COVID‐19 among leukemic patients and the relevant therapeutic interventions therewith. Patients with acute leukemia are among the most vulnerable groups of patients at risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes with several protocol management modifications proposed. The development of COVID-19 vaccines was an important milestone in reducing the risk of contracting and developing severe COVID-19 symptoms in leukemic patients after remission status. The European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), a collaborative network of centers and individuals working in the field of BMT and cellular therapy, has been updating its recommendations since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Development of Deep Learning for Power Energy Optimization in the Industrial Robot System
Authors: Butsanlee Borihan , Pongaen Watcharin , Rothong Nuttapon , Ponpitakchai Supawan , U-Thathong Songkran
Published: April 2024

This paper established power consumption modeling and motion estimation optimization of industrial robots. We also studied factors affecting the use of electrical energy, such as friction, torque, and electric current. The energy consumption parameters of each coupling can be quantified through the Deep Learning (DL) technique, Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG) estimation, or Simulation and experimentation based on the movement posture of a given robot dynamic model to control the robot operation. The robot dynamic model parameters can be identified and expressed in mathematical equations. Electrical energy consumption estimates were analyzed using the SCG technique to compare with the Nonlinear Least Squares (NLS) method using a large dataset of approximately 60,000 samples. The results showed accurate parameter prediction and electrical energy consumption estimation of the robot locomotion pose. The maximum errors in the SCG and NLS methods were 0.89% and 1.54%, respectively. It indicated that the electric energy consumption model using the SCG estimation method is more efficient than the NLS method.
ESTADO E REPRESSÃO: UM CONFRONTO ENTRE MARX E LÊNIN
Authors: Braga Lisandro , Schio Murillo
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho se propõe a problematizar a relação entre Estado e política repressiva a partir dos trabalhos selecionados de Karl Marx e Lênin. De Marx, os principais textos usados serão A Guerra Civil na França (2011a), As Lutas de Classes na França (2012) e Os Despossuídos (2017); de Lênin O Estado e a Revolução (2011), Sobre o Estado (2019) e Que fazer? (1988). Outros textos dos autores também foram consultados e utilizados a fim de subsidiar a presente discussão. A escolha de escrutinar a teoria política do Estado no pensamento de Marx e Lênin se justifica tanto pela importância de pensar sistematicamente o Estado na sociedade capitalista, quanto pela confusão ou amplitude das definições que tais conceitos carregam a partir de diversas tradições e intérpretes inspirados nas teorias de Marx.
AS MALHAS DE PODER NA AMAZÔNIA OITOCENTISTA: O ESFORÇO DE DOM MACEDO COSTA NA PROTEÇÃO DA HEGEMONIA CATÓLICA (1861-1880) NA PROVÍNCIA DO GRÃO-PARÁ
Authors: Tavares Anderson Clayton Fonseca
Published: April 2024

O contexto sócio-histórico-ideológico da província do Grão-Pará remodelou-se nos oitocentos, as malhas de poder operadas e influenciadas hegemonicamente pela igreja católica sofrera rupturas por conta de uma especifica zona de contato que se projetou na Amazônia via empresa missionária protestante, ideais liberais maçônicos ambos em confronto com o mando católico de Dom Macedo Costa,  novos vetores de poder oriundos desses embates confeccionaram uma nova topografia de mando na região realocando fronteiras de influência. Um particular arranjo político-social-religioso apresentou-se na província em meados do século XIX, atravessado por inúmeros conflitos e disputas que não somente evidenciaram as marcações de poder, mas também o deslocaram, remanejando-o para outras bases hegemônicas. A nova configuração que se ampliava na Amazônia além de provocar fortes rupturas nas relações de poder, desintegrava de maneira gradual hegemonias consolidadas possibilitando outros modus vivendi na região, uma nova topografia do poder desenhou-se na Amazônia via zona de contato entre maçons liberais, empreendimento missionário protestante e os ideais ultramontano de Dom Macedo Costa.
CATIVEIRO DA MATERNIDADE, DISPOSITIVO E PEDAGOGIA DA MULHER-MÃE: REFLEXÕES INICIAIS
Authors: Costa da Cunha Chacel Marcela
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho visa refletir sobre a maternidade como espaço de aprisionamento das mulheres-mães, constituindo o que se postula como o cativeiro da maternidade. As instituições disciplinares a fim de manter as mulheres-mães cativas nesse espaço, funcionam como um dispositivo (FOUCAULT, 2004; 2014) da maternidade, vigiando e controlando comportamentos, atitudes e modos de subjetivação das mulheres-mães. Para tal, o dispositivo emprega estratégias de pedagogização, especialmente através da mídia. Desse modo, além de promover reflexões à luz das discussões de Lagarde (2005), Badinter (1985) e Gilligan (2013), o trabalho se utiliza de relato de experiência e de entrevistas em profundidade com mulheres-mães para, sob a ótica da epistemologia feminista, analisar a maternidade para além do determinismo biológico feminino. Como consequência disso, percebe-se que a mulher-mãe vivencia seu maternar e a maternagem a partir de subjetividades controladas e para atender o modelo ideal de maternidade e assim, ser legitimada como boa mãe.
EM BUSCA DA ÁFRICA NO BRASIL: O OLHAR ETNOGRÁFICO DE PIERRE VERGER SOBRE A SÃO LUÍS NEGRA
Authors: Moreira do Rego Neto Alvaro
Published: April 2024

Este artigo propõe-se a analisar, com base no campo da Cultura Visual, a produção imagética do fotógrafo de origem francesa Pierre Verger. A análise recai sobre uma série de 6 imagens recortadas com base nas manifestações da cultura afro-brasileira existente na cidade de São Luís do Maranhão em 1948.
Equações polinomiais do 2° grau e pensamento computacional: explorando um diálogo possível
Authors: Orlandi Emanuel , Laurete Zanol Sauer  , Carine Geltrudes Webber
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para o ensino de equações polinomiais do 2° grau com o desenvolvimento do pensamento computacional, conforme exigências dos documentos normativos educacionais nacionais. Diante disso, a linguagem de programação escolhida foi o Scratch e, por conta disso, apresenta-se a importância de pensadores como Seymour Papert para os avanços no ramo do pensamento computacional e na definição que atualmente é conhecida. Além disso, mostra-se a proposta de ensino detalhada e as considerações levantadas a partir da sua análise.
Programação de jogos digitais educativos com Scratch a partir do método Design Thinking
Authors: Boff Elisa , Della Giustina Salami Alana , Miotto Fernanda
Published: April 2024

Os recursos tecnológicos tem sido amplamente utilizados no ensino, destacando-se os jogos digitais. Partindo disso, torna-se relevante incorporar este recurso no ambiente escolar, permitindo o desenvolvimento do pensamento computacional e de competências e habilidades apregoadas pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Neste artigo apresentamos a implementação e avaliação de uma sequência didática, fundamentada no método Design Thinking, para o desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional pela programação de jogos digitais educativos, para estudantes do ensino médio, acerca da temática agrotóxicos. Os resultados da aplicação da sequência didática são apresentados e discutidos.
Ensino da geometria por meio da tecnologia e da arte
Authors: Senair Antunes Marques  , Genilson Guenze  , Naiane Ferreira Portela Erthal  , Carine Geltrudes Webber
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo descreve a construção de um momento interdisciplinar integrando a Matemática, Arte e Informática no Ensino Fundamental II. A ação interdisciplinar busca promover a aprendizagem do estudante por meio da inserção tecnológica, conhecimentos elementares de matemática e aplicação artística na construção de mandalas. Inicialmente, os estudantes relembram conceitos básicos sobre a Geometria Plana, por meio da linguagem visual Scratch. Tais conceitos incluem conhecimentos sobre os lados, vértices, arestas, ângulos internos, diagonais e cálculos de áreas. Posteriormente, os estudantes realizam construções de polígonos regulares por meio da utilização do software Geogebra, que servirão de moldes da mandala. A construção da mandala é descrita na forma de etapas, como uma sequencia didática interdisciplinar, que integra conceitos e práticas de diferentes áreas do conhecimento que se complementam na ação proposta. Planejar matemática e executar artisticamente são etapas que se complementam na ação interdisplinar. De fato, a construção das mandalas explora conhecimentos variados e ricos que permitem dar dando forma e “vida” às mandalas. Para culminar, integrando-se a arte com a matemática, permite aos aprendizes refletir sobre construções, padrões, arquitetura e transpor a matemática para cenários fora da sala de aula.
Matemática crítica e consumo consciente: uma proposta inovadora para a educação financeira na escola
Authors: Eitelven Luvisa Liliane , Sauer Laurete Zanol , Boff Elisa
Published: April 2024

Este artigo aborda uma proposta de atividade de educação financeira, fundamentada na educação matemática crítica (EMC), com o intuito de contribuir não apenas para o ensino de conceitos, como também para o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico e reflexivo dos estudantes acerca do consumo consciente. A EMC tem como um de seus objetivos questionar o ensino da matemática que normalmente vale-se de métodos repetitivos de resolução de exercícios, que muitas vezes, pouco agregam na formação crítica e reflexiva dos discentes. A EMC, por sua vez, incentiva alunos e professores a questionarem e praticarem a criticidade nos mais variados temas do cotidiano escolar. Para tanto, primeiramente é necessário entender sobre o desenvolvimento da matemática crítica e suas peculiaridades, bem como o desenvolvimento da matemacia que é quando transportamos a matemática para o cotidiano a fim de aplicá-la de uma forma mais concreta em ocasiões diversas do dia a dia. Para consolidar teoria e prática este artigo apresenta uma situação de aprendizagem que visa desenvolver no aluno, por meio da EMC, a autonomia, a criticidade, o diálogo e a matemacia.
Sistema monetário brasileiro: uma proposta interdisciplinar para o Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Rech Ivana Roberta , Rasador Jordana , Machado Spindola Marilda
Published: April 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de ação interdisciplinar escolar, baseada na estratégia denominada “momentos interdisciplinares”, para promover a educação financeira por meio do ensino acerca do sistema monetário brasileiro. A ação interdisciplinar é planejada para alunos do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental e envolve objetos de conhecimento das disciplinas de Matemática, História, Língua Portuguesa, Arte e Ciências. Para o desenvolvimento da ação interdisciplinar estão previstos 4 momentos, totalizando 900 minutos de sala de aula e com a realização de uma tarefa final. A educação financeira é um tema transversal que pode, de forma articulada e planejada, contribuir para o desenvolvimento de habilidades relacionadas ao uso consciente e responsável do dinheiro em diferentes situações cotidianas, envolvendo as diversas áreas do conhecimento.
Germinação de sementes como tema gerador de ação interdisciplinar no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Novello Lilian Luisa , Buzelatto Simone da Silva , Gonzatti Felipe
Published: April 2024

A prática pedagógica a partir de experimentação possibilita promover a interdisciplinaridade escolar além de ser fonte de motivação e interesse dos estudantes.  Desse forma, é possível desenvolver diversas habilidades, fazendo com que haja relação entre teoria e prática, escola e vida. Assim sendo, a proposta de ensino aqui apresentada se direciona ao oitavo ano do Ensino Fundamental tendo como objetivos compreender como os fatores abióticos podem contribuir para germinação, utilizando os conhecimentos dos componentes curriculares de Ciências da Natureza, Matemática, Língua Portuguesa. Neste sentido, as atividades buscam que professores e estudantes construam saberes, havendo o abandono do ensino fragmentado, sendo que o professor vai criando situações de aprendizagem e os alunos trabalham em busca de responder a problemática, a qual favorece situações de aprendizagem. Conclui-se que práticas pedagógicas na perspectiva interdisciplinar se torna recurso para aproximar o aluno da realidade vivida.
Redimensionando o estacionamento da escola por meio de projeto pedagógico de Matemática e Arte
Authors: Batistelo da Luz Vinícius , Sauer Laurete Zanol , Giovannini Odilon
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo apresenta o planejamento de uma situação de aprendizagem baseada no desenvolvimento de projetos, fundamentada na Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa, com o principal objetivo de redimensionar e organizar o estacionamento de uma escola pública. A metodologia levará em conta os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos, que serão orientados quanto aos conceitos necessários para construção de polígonos e a expressão da arte. A aplicação se dará com uma turma do terceiro ano do ensino médio nas disciplinas de arte e matemática. Como resultado, espera-se embelezar o ambiente, delimitando as vagas para os veículos e promovendo a aprendizagem dos estudantes. A expectativa com a aplicação é de contribuir para promover a aprendizagem significativa, a partir da participação ativa dos estudantes e com o aprimoramento de habilidades para o crescimento pessoal e acadêmico dos mesmos.
Competence Beyond Competence. Michał Głowiński and three themes grounded in the religious context
Authors: KULESZA DARIUSZ
Published: April 2024

W artykule opisuję napięcie między Michałem Głowińskim, areligijnym strukturalistą żydowskiego
pochodzenia i badanymi przez niego tekstami mającymi kontekst religijny. Teksty te to
zarówno dzieła literackie Leśmiana i Norwida, jak i relacje krajowej prasy z wizyt Jan Pawła II
złożył w Polsce. Głowiński analizuje zaświat Leśmiana wbrew religijnym wyobrażeniom, chociaż
nie jest mu obca teologia negatywna, zwana też apofatyczną. Zdaniem Głowińskiego Norwidowe
przypowieści za sprawą determinującej je chrześcijańskiej religijności tracą intensywność parabolicznego
przekazu. Ale pisząc o prasowych relacjach z papieskich wizyt, wybitny specjalista
w zakresie nowomowy okazuje się rzecznikiem treści głoszonych przez Jana Pawła II już dlatego,
że pokazuje sposoby manipulowania nimi przez krajową prasę. W sumie Michał Głowiński uwikłany
w lekturę tekstów skazanych na religijny kontekst pokazuje skuteczność literaturoznawczej
kompetencji na każdym tekstowym polu, także takim, które areligijnemu badaczowi może
wydawać się zupełnie obce.
Emotional Experiences and Their Connection With Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Gender Differences
Authors: Yablonska Tetiana , Bulatevych Nataliya , Sirokha Lilia
Published: April 2024

The study was conducted in Ukraine during the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. The sample contained 232 individuals. The aim was to study emotional experiences and their connection with coping strategies in the context of gender differences. The research was based on the concept of differential emotions, and on the understanding of the accumulation strategies as a dynamic process, which is determined by personal prepositions and situational factors. Measures used in the study were the Differential Emotions Scale and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. The growth of negative experiences and stress at the beginning of the pandemic among men and women was confirmed. We described the differences regarding emotions and coping strategies. Women use emotion-focused strategies of social support, strategies of positive reappraisal of the situation, and avoidance, the acceptance of responsibility among women is associated with negative emotions. We found that women more frequently use two or more coping strategies compared to men. A different emotional basis of coping strategies, expressed at high levels of tension among men and women, was revealed. The defined features of coping behavior among men and women may help to determine the main goals for the development of preventive and psychotherapeutic interventions.
Dark tourism: The effect of visiting a mausoleum on a tourist’s psychological mood state in the central Asian city of Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Authors: Patterson Ian , Vafokulova Mekhruza , Oblakulov Bekzod
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the psychological effects of dark tourism by analyzing the feelings and emotions of domestic and international tourists who visited a mausoleum. Dark tourism sites have received considerable attention as a growing phenomenon in the 21st century. Dark tourism is associated with death, disasters, and atrocities; and includes places such as murder sites, battlefields, cemeteries, and places where tragedies have taken place. The Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum in the Central Asian city of Samarkand in Uzbekistan was chosen as a dark tourism site. A convenience sample of 21 visitors, of which 10 were international travelers and 11 were from Central Asian countries, agreed to be individually interviewed using a qualitative methodology. The results found that a range of emotions were expressed during the visit, with the majority of visitors expressing positive emotions on a scale from good to great, which included feelings of contentment, astonishment, excitement, and admiration at the conclusion of their visit. For many of the local visitors of the Islamic faith, it also provided a religious experience that for, some included prayer and meditation.
Asymmetric effects of international trade and foreign direct investment on economic growth: Empirical evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Dung Nguyen Xuan , Nga Phan Thi Hang , Hang Le Thi Thuy
Published: April 2024

The research focuses on analyzing the non-linear effects of international commerce and foreign direct investment (FDI) on the economic growth of Vietnam. This study utilizes the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model to examine the asymmetric impacts of international trade and foreign investment on the Vietnamese economic growth from the first quarter of 2008 to the fourth quarter of 2021. The findings suggest that a rise in foreign investment during the first phase has favorable outcomes for economic growth, with a reported impact of 53%. Nevertheless, it is important to note that FDI does not only contribute to the enhancement of economic development. According to reports, foreign investment has a negative impact of 13% on the rate of economic growth when it exceeds a certain threshold. However, the results of the research also indicate that Vietnam continues to face certain negative implications as a result of international commerce. The study highlights the importance for developing nations, such as Vietnam, to practice prudence in their trade endeavors and the influx of foreign investments to mitigate any negative repercussions on their economies. These insights underscore the significance of strategic economic planning and policy formulation in navigating the complexities of global economic interactions.
Service innovation in public health: A case study of an Indonesian local government
Authors: Yunus Muhammad , Karisma  , Yani Andi Ahmad , Susanti Gita , Ismail Nuralamsyah
Published: April 2024

This study aims to investigate the innovation and efficacy of the integrated 112 Call Centre service in Parepare City, Indonesia, precisely in delivering healthcare services to the local population. The study aims to comprehend the effects of the Call Centre 112 service, its assimilation by the community, and the obstacles encountered during its execution. The study employs a qualitative methodology to elucidate the nature of service innovation and its effects on the community. The analysis assesses the comparative benefits, compatibility, level of difficulty, and feasibility of implementing the Call Centre 112 service. Furthermore, the study examines the obstacles the local government encounters in implementing service innovation and enhancing service quality. The study's findings demonstrate that the community has responded favourably to the Call Centre 112 service, which has exhibited encouraging patterns in assisting patients, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The service has demonstrated a comparative advantage in terms of compatibility, trialability, and observability, which has contributed to its success in delivering prompt health care to the residents of Parepare City. Nevertheless, the report also underscores difficulties associated with public awareness and comprehension of the program. This research enhances the academic discourse on service innovation in public administration by offering valuable insights into the effects and difficulties associated with the implementation of the 112 Call Centre service in the health sector. The results have practical consequences for local governments and public health agencies, highlighting the significance of visibility and community acceptance in effectively carrying out healthcare advancements.
A multi-attention residual integrated network with enhanced fireworks algorithm for remote sensing image classification
Authors: Antony Josephine Anitha , Dennis Gladis
Published: April 2024

This research examines a multi-attention residual integrated network with an enhanced fireworks algorithm for remote sensing image classification. Remote sensing (RS) picture classification is important for land cover mapping, environmental monitoring, and urban planning. Remote sensing image classification is important in earth observation since the military and commercial sectors have focused on it. Due to RS data's high complexity and limited labelled examples, classifying RS pictures is difficult. Deep Learning (DL) techniques have made great strides in RS image categorization, expanding this field's potential. This research introduces Multi-Attention Residual Integrated Network with Enhanced Fireworks Algorithm (MAR-EFA) to improve hyper spectral image identification. MARIN-EFA improves feature fusion and removes unneeded features to overcome technique constraints. The suggested method weights features using different attention models. These characteristics are then carefully extracted and integrated using a residual network. Final contextual semantic integration on deeply fused features is done with a Bi-LSTM network. Our population-based Enhanced Fireworks Algorithm (EFA) is inspired by fireworks' explosive performance and optimises MARIN parameters. Attention techniques and an improved optimisation algorithm improve performance over current systems. Numerous Eurosat dataset studies were assessed using various performance indicators. The simulation results show that MARIN-EFA outperforms current methods. The suggested technique shows promise for improving RS picture classification and allowing more accurate and reliable data categorization.
Susceptibility of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) against DDT and Deltamethrin in an Endemic Focus of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran
Authors: Azarm Amrollah , Vatandoost Hassan , Koosha Mona , Akhavan Amir Ahmad , Mohebali Mehdi , Saeidi Zahra , Dehghan Awat , Oshaghi Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2024

Background: Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) is the main vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in Iran. The nonstandard use of pesticides against pests, particularly in agriculture, indirectly has caused the de­velopment of resistance and, consequently, the threat of control measures in ZCL endemic areas. Up to 2023, several reports of resistance in Ph. papatasi have been declared in the Old World. The purpose of this study was to measure the lethal time (LT50 and LT90) of Ph. papatasi sand flies in the ZCL endemic center of Esfahan to DDT and deltamethrin insecticides.
Methods: Sand flies were collected in Borkhar and were tested using WHO adult mosquito test kit against DDT 4% and deltamethrin 0.0002%. The sand fly’s survival was recorded during exposure time in 225, 450|, 900, 1800, and 3600-seconds’ intervals for DDT and Deltamethrin and they were allowed to recover for 24 hours. Then LT50 and LT90 were analyzed using probit software. Phlebotomus papatasi were identified using morphological keys and other sand flies’ species were excluded from the analysis.
Results: The insecticide against female Ph. papatasi revealed hundred percent mortality when exposed to DDT 4% and deltamethrin 0.0002%. The LT50 and LT90 were 19.32 and 22.74 minutes for DDT 4% and 39.92 and 51.33 minutes for deltamethrin 0.0002% respectively.
Conclusion: Results of this study revealed that Ph. papatasi is still susceptible to DDT and deltamethrin. This data pro­vides valuable knowledge to implement effective control strategies against ZCL main vector and help to manage insec­ticide resistance in the region.
Eco-epidemiological Model with Infected Prey: Dynamic Behaviour of a Fractional Order Model Including Prey Refuge and Type II Functional Response
Authors: Kumar G. Ranjith ,   Department of Mathematics, Anurag University, Venkatapur, Hyderabad-500088, Telangana, India, Ramesh K. , Alshammari Fahad Sameer , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem , Elrashidi Ali ,   Department of Mathematics, Anurag University, Venkatapur, Hyderabad-500088, Telangana, India,   Department of Mathematics, College of science and Humanities in Alkharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Mathematics, College of science and Humanities in Alkharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia\,   Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, India,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia,   Ali Elrashidi - Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology, Jeddah 21448, Saudi Arabia\,   Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Published: April 2024

In this study, using the Holling type II response function and prey refuge, we bring fractional order into an eco-epidemiological paradigm with diseased prey in which the predator consumes a vast amount of healthy prey in an excessively disproportionately large amount. We show that there are solutions to the fractional order eco-epidemiological paradigm and that these solutions are distinct, non-negativity, and limited. Additionally, we generated a number of equilibrium points and investigated the local and global stability of the interior equilibrium point. We explore the roles that fractional order and the prey shelter play in maintaining the stability of the proposed system’s equilibrium point. Numerous examples are used to illustrate the results, and numerical simulations are used to support our theoretical conclusions.
Comparison of Diffusion MRI Findings of High-Graded Primary Brain Tumors and Metastatic Brain Tumors
Authors: Hızal Mustafa , İmrek Ahmet Kerem
Published: April 2024

Aim: Glioblastomas are the highest grade and most mortal primary brain tumors. Cerebral masses that occur with the metastasis of cancers of tissues other than brain are included in the differential diagnosis of glioblastomas. This study aimed to compare the diffusion-weighted imaging signal characteristics of primary and metastatic brain masses and to describe the findings that may be useful in the differential diagnosis.
Material and Methods: Patients with pathologically diagnosed glioblastoma and patients with pathologically diagnosed metastases or radiologically diagnosed brain metastases were included in the study. Diffusion-weighted imaging signal properties in magnetic resonance imaging examinations obtained with a 1.5 Tesla scanner were retrospectively analyzed. The signal features and short and long diameters of the lesions were measured and compared in both patient groups.
Results: A total of 54 patients, 24 glioblastomas, and 30 brain metastases were included in the study. The most common signal feature of diffusion-weighted imaging in the glioblastoma group was heterogeneous hyper- and hypointense areas observed in 20 (83.3%) patients. The most common signal feature in the metastasis group was the peripheral hyperintense ring and central hypointense signal in 16 (53.3%) patients. There was no significant relation found between the number of lesions and the primary brain tumor and metastases.
Conclusion: Although only signal characteristics are used without quantitative assessment in diffusion-weighted imaging, it may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of primary and metastatic brain masses. It is important to remember that the masses in the two groups can have comparable signal properties.
Food
Authors: Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

Welcome to Issue 115. This is a full issue of 16 manuscripts, thoroughly reviewed. We continue to rely on the dedication of our selfless reviewers, the patience of our authors, and the resilience of AJFAND staff, some in-house and others working remotely, for enabling us to reach this far.As we head towards the end of 2022, following COP 17 in Egypt, AGRF in Rwanda, and the IUFoST Congress in Singapore, the words NUTRITION, HEALTHY DIETS, FOOD SECURITY, and DIVERSE DIETS keep resounding in the air. As someone who gave up the aspiration of pursuing medicine to study food, it dawned on me even at that very young age that FOOD is everything. It does not matter who you are, you need nutrients to grow and remain healthy, you need food to function, you need food to be happy, and you need food to define you. But many of us just eat without realizing that we just cannot take it for granted that food will always be available. I feel elated that NUTRITION is finally at the meal table as a discussion item. Nutrition is now a big topic of discussion at both small fora and big conferences.
Intra-household gender dynamics and the adoption of best practices among teff farmers in Ethiopia
Authors:   Laterite, Lungu I , DiGiacomo J ,   Laterite, Vicini M ,   Laterite, Ahner-McHaffie T ,   Laterite, Baensch L ,   Laterite, Muttai M ,   Laterite, Degie B ,   Laterite, Liyhe M ,   Sasakawa Africa Association, Thamari M ,   Tanager, Minas G ,   Sasakawa Africa Association
Published: April 2024

Teff farming in Ethiopia is commonly seen as being dominated by men, with women playing supporting roles on some aspects of the growing process. This study is rooted in existing literature on drivers of Best Practices (BP) adoption and decision-making theory and is unique in that it focuses primarily on understanding how gender-specific factors influence decision-making on the adoption of BPs. To this end, the study assessed the intra-household gender dynamics at play within farming households in Amhara, Ethiopia, and their influence on deciding whether or not to adopt agricultural best practices for teff farming. These gender dynamics include the division of labor between women and men, intra-household decision-making processes, social and cultural norms and access factors (such as access to information, training, credit and control over income). Using data from a three-round quantitative survey with one woman and one man in 555 households, as well as focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, this study is uniquely placed to assess the impact of these gender-specific and intra-household factors on the adoption of best practices. The findings show that households where women are more involved in teff farming, have less input into decision-making, less control over income, and more access to information and adopt on average more best practices. However, there is significant heterogeneity when looking at individual best practices, with women’s decision-making power or access to resources particularly important for specific practices such as sowing in rows. This study implies that designing more gender-sensitive agricultural programs and extension services in Ethiopia – specifically on practices relevant to women and men – can increase best practice adoption, with the ultimate aim of increasing productivity and income for teff farming households, and empowering women. Since male and female farmers are involved in different practices, access to resources and decision-making power have different impacts depending on the gender of the respondent and the practice analyzed, and there is no “one size fits all” solution to improve teff farming productivity. Key words: intra-household dynamics, decision-making, gender roles, best practice adoption, teff
The commodity association traders/trainers extension approach: Smallholder productivity, input and market linkages in Nigeria
Authors:   Sasakawa Africa Association, Atser GL , Oluoch M ,   Sasakawa Africa Association, Gambo A ,   Sasakawa Africa Association, Diso HZ ,   Sasakawa Africa Association, Fadairo OS ,   University of Ibadan, Jibrin AA ,   Sasakawa Africa Association
Published: April 2024

The Commodity Association Traders/Trainers (CATs) extension approach was an initiative of the Sasakawa Africa Association (SAA) to address the challenges of the low margin of agricultural extension agents and farm family ratio in Nigeria. This study, therefore, provides an assessment of the initiative in supporting agricultural extension service delivery in Nigeria. The study was carried out in Kano, Jigawa, Nasarawa and Gombe states, Nigeria being the four major states where the CATs extension approach was tested. The study used a causal research design involving before and after intervention assessment of 396 beneficiary farmers. Data collected using semi-structured questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics and linear regression at α0.05. Majority of the farmers were male (71.5%), middle-aged (42.59±10.91 years) and had small to moderate household sizes (63.4%). Maize (77.6%) and Rice (57.3%) were the foremost crops grown. The farmers received extension service support from CATs in a broad area, including innovation dissemination, training on Good Agricultural Practices, linkage to agro-input dealers, market and credit. About 63.0-86.0% were positive about most aspects of engagement with the CATs except for payment of fees for services received and connecting farmers to credit. The number of farmers that practiced market-oriented agriculture doubled. The number of agribusiness enterprises established and the number of farmers successfully linked to off-takers for their produce also rose from an average of 3 to 8 persons; and 4 to 14 persons per group, respectively. The volume of maize crop marketed through cooperative efforts increased from 7.64±5.15 Kg to 15.66±6.94 Kg per person in each group. Farmers' size of land cultivated, their total produce harvested and productivity for maize and paddy increased after being members of the CATs group. Being male, young, educated, having ease of access to CATs master trainers and farmers' motivation enhanced the performance of the CATs extension approach. The commodity association trainers/traders have enhanced extension services in the project states. The initiative is recommended for up-scaling to cover other regions of Nigeria. Key words: Agricultural extension, Farmers’ group, Sasakawa Nigeria, Market-oriented agriculture
The influence of gender specific decisions on household technology choice within the farming households in central Uganda
Authors:   National Agricultural Research Organisation, Mpiira S , Kipsat M ,   Maseno University, Mose PK ,   Maseno University, Kalyango FX ,   National Agricultural Research Organisation, Staver C ,   Bioversity International
Published: April 2024

How households make decisions, who influences decision making and how members bargain over resources and opportunities greatly affects the livelihood and wellbeing of members within a given household. This study sought to understand gender specific decisions and their influence on household technology choice, packaging and adoption of agricultural technologies. Growing Bananas with Trees and Livestock (GBTL) technology system was implemented by National Agricultural Research Organisation and Bioversity International in three districts of Central Uganda: Kiboga, Nakaseke and Ssembabule. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA), typologies were created in which two distinct clusters of farming households were revealed. Using a bargaining model of technology adoption, three types of households were identified; male and female only, female only and male only headed households. For technology uptake, either a single component, two components or all components of a technology was adopted. Results indicated that Household size, age, land owned, labour and gender composition of the household positively influenced the adoption of the technology. Farm households were able to take up and adopt components of the technology that were equivalent to the available household resources. Technology choice and adoption was influenced by available land, labor and household objectives (food, income and nutrition security). Households' ability to avert the loss of production and/or assets was very varied and depended on household size. For non-business home expenses, decisions followed a gendered perspective where households with both male and female, had more participants involved in household decision making, households make decision jointly when it comes to purchases and sales. Banana plantations establishment and management was for the spouse. Livestock production was initiated and managed by the household heads. Individual decisions were influenced by age of the household head, livestock owner. Joint household’s decision making was significant on purchases, sales of inputs and outputs, land ownership, and were influenced by household size and farm size. This study brings out important policy implications that in order to ensure widespread adoption of improved technologies, there should be equitable access to complementary inputs, especially land and labour for females. And technology packaging should take into consideration the gender specific decisions for sustainable agricultural development. Key words: Decision making, Technology choice, adoption, Coffee banana farming system, Gender
Prevalence of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in the High Cardiovascular Risk Setting of Rural Western Honduras
Authors: Montalvan-Sanchez Eleazar E. , Rodriguez-Murillo Aida , Carrasco-Stoval Tiffani , Carrera Keila , Beas Renato , Giron Roberto , Jerez-Moreno Valeria , Soriano-Turcios Roque Antonio , Reyes-Guerra Orlando , Torres Karla , Izquierdo-Veraza Diego , Torres Tatiana , Beran Azizullah A. , Montalvan-Sanchez Daniela , Norwood Dalton A.
Published: April 2024

Objective

To determine the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the population older than 45 years in rural Western Honduras and contribute to the limited literature on MS in Central America.

Methods

Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the District of Copan. The study includes 382 men and women aged 45 to 75 years. With proper consent, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, blood sugar, and lipid profile were evaluated. MS was diagnosed by using the National Cholesterol Education Program Criteria - Adult Panel Treatment III (NCEP-ATP III). Data were stored in REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) and analyzed with STATA14.

Results

Data were collected on 382 patients; of these, 38% were male and 62% female. The prevalence of obesity was 24.1% for both sexes. The prevalence of MS was 64.9%. Prevalence in males and females was 54% and 71%, respectively. Notable parameters were elevated triglycerides (71%), low High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (63.4%), and abdominal obesity (56.8%). In men, the distribution of MS was more homogeneous, with a mean result of 80% amongst all ages.

Conclusions

The overall prevalence of obesity and MS is severely underestimated in rural Honduras. The most remarkable parameter for MS was high triglycerides (71%). Sixty-nine percent of the population has above-normal Body Mass Index (BMI). Public health efforts to control comorbidities and tackle risk factors in this population should take utmost priority.
FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS REGARDING THE FUNDING POTENTIAL OF THE MINISTRY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE THROUGH EUROPEAN PROJECTS
Authors: IURA Adrian
Published: April 2024

This article will present the theoretical aspects and the possibility of financing the Ministry of National Defence through European funds. At the same time we will highlight the fundamental aspects of financing public institutions through the use of European funds. The scientific communication is based on pragmatic approaches that will shape the financing of public institutions, starting from the eligibility of a project to the use of the budget and the completion of the project. It will look at how to implement the investment budget from European Union resources. In recent years, the Ministry of National Defence has faced significant challenges in securing adequate funding to modernize the armed forces and address emerging security threats. European Union (EU) funds have emerged as a potential source of funding for Member States' defence initiatives.