bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Recycled Low-Density Polyethylene and Carbonized Neem Seed As A Filler in Production of House-Hold Plastic Utensil
Authors: Mustapha Basiru  , Saidu Akun Abdallah  , Haruna Abubakar Danyaya
Published: December 2024

Using natural fillers reduces the cost of production in plastic recycling. In this work, carbonized neem seed was used as filler to improve the properties of recycled low-density polyethylene. Physical and Mechanical tests conducted on the household plastic utensil produced, showed that, highest bulk density of 0.8±0.1g/cm3 was found in 100% RLDPE, followed by 0.8±0.1 and 0.8±0.2 g/cm3 in sample D and E with CNS content of 30g and 40g respectively. The water absorption revealed that, the quantity of water absorbed in the material increased with the increase in content of CNS. Carbonized Neem Seed absorbs water slowly due to its hydrophobic nature. The household plastic utensil with more content of CNS depicted more water absorption capacity. Considerable change in thermal properties of the household plastic utensil was also observed with the addition of CNS with the thermally stability in the order of 133±0.2, 133±0.1, 135±0.2, 140±0.3 and 137±0.2 OC respectively. The tensile strength and impact strength, also increased with the content of CNS in the household plastic utensil. The impact strength decreased as compared to that of the standard 100 %RLDPE materials used in the current study. FTIR spectrum of the activated carbon revealed the presences of O-H, C=O, P-C, and N-H, functionalities indicating the presence of alcohol, ketones, amides, organophosphorus compounds, and nitro groups. SEM images showed typical carbon morphology, retaining the original seed's structure. The carbonization process created pits with different sizes, forming micropores, mesopores, and macropores in activated carbons. SEM images of 100% RLDPE and five RLDPE-carbonized neem seed-household plastic utensil showed absence of spherulitic structure due to limited nucleation sites Filling RLDPE with more filler created more spherulites, which are linked to the crystallization of polymers from the melt and are characterized by increased density and hardness.
A Review of Security and Privacy Challenges in Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Systems with Current Solutions and Future Directions
Authors: Noman Abid
Published: December 2024

Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) systems offer immersive experiences by integrating virtual elements into the real or simulated world, enabling applications in navigation, gaming, healthcare, military, and education. However, these technologies pose significant security and privacy challenges due to their reliance on sensor data, real-time processing, and shared virtual environments. AR systems face risks such as deception attacks, input validation issues, and data misuse, while VR systems contend with concerns around user tracking, motion data security, and immersive feedback manipulation. This review explores these challenges across single and multi-application systems, highlighting risks related to output conflicts, input accuracy, and data access control. Current solutions, such as robust input validation, access control models, and conflict resolution frameworks, are examined. The study concludes by identifying future directions, including the development of advanced interface designs, collaborative sensing applications, and novel privacy-preserving techniques to ensure secure and ethical deployment of AR and VR technologies. The study emphasises that in light of the continuous evolution of AR/VR technologies, it’s of extreme importance to take proactive measures to prevent risk from increasing
Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, educación de calidad y formación integral en la educación superior
Authors: Elena Barrueto Perez Monica , García Clavo Nila , Alberto Condezo Ordoñez Luis , Quispe Berríos Haydeé , Parillo Sosa Efrain
Published: December 2024

En la actualidad, las instituciones de educación superior enfrentan retos
significativos, particularmente, en la promoción de una educación de calidad y en
la formación integral de los estudiantes, alineada con los Objetivos de Desarrollo
Sostenible (ODS). En este contexto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo explorar cómo las instituciones de educación superior están integrando efectivamente
los ODS en la formación integral de sus estudiantes. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática basada en el método Prisma, a partir de la aplicación de criterios
de inclusión, los cuales permitieron seleccionar artículos revisados por pares, publicados en los últimos cinco años, centrados en la educación superior y los ODS.
Se excluyeron los estudios que no trataban la formación integral o se enfocaban en
otros niveles educativos. Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron ProQuest, Scopus y
Web of Science, a través de las cuales se seleccionaron 16 estudios. Los resultados
indicaron avances importantes en la implementación de los ODS, aunque aún existen desafíos, como la necesidad de incorporar los ODS de forma más equilibrada
en los planes de estudio y aprovechar las tecnologías emergentes. Se concluyó
que, aunque hay un progreso notable y una actitud positiva por parte de docentes y estudiantes, es necesario fortalecer la institucionalización de estos principios para
mejorar la formación integral.
Prácticas de sostenibilidad social implementadas por las pymes
Authors: Perez Excelmes Amparo , García Clavo Nila , Augusto Meza Andamayo Cesar , Angel Carhuamaca Cuellar Miguel
Published: December 2024

Frente a los grandes desafíos que enfrenta la humanidad, el desarrollo
sostenible representa una oportunidad invaluable para abordar problemas ambientales, sociales y económicos. En este contexto, las pymes juegan un rol fundamental.
El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las prácticas de sostenibilidad social
implementadas por las pymes. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática en
las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y ScienceDirect, utilizando las ecuaciones de búsqueda ((social sustainability) OR (sustainable development goals)) AND
((SMEs) OR (small enterprises) OR (medium-sized enterprises)). Se aplicaron los
siguientes criterios de inclusión: publicaciones no anteriores a 2019, artículos de
acceso abierto e investigaciones que incluyeran prácticas aplicadas de sostenibilidad social. Luego del filtrado, se seleccionaron 13 estudios para el análisis final. La
mayoría de estos estudios correspondía a países europeos, principalmente, Reino
Unido. Se concluyó que, en los países desarrollados, las pymes logran una mejor
implementación de prácticas de sostenibilidad, destacándose el reciclaje, el manejo
adecuado de recursos, el respeto por los derechos de los empleados y el apoyo a actividades comunitarias, así como donaciones a organizaciones sociales.
La gestión administrativa en los servicios de justicia del Poder Judicial: buenas prácticas y perspectivas de desarrollo
Authors: Ronald Rucoba del Castillo Luis , Elena Vásquez Dorado Judith , Angel Carhuamaca Cuellar Miguel , Augusto Meza Andamayo Cesar
Published: December 2024

Esta investigación analiza las buenas prácticas y perspectivas de
desarrollo en la gestión administrativa del Poder Judicial, y se enfoca en la eficiencia, transparencia y modernización de los servicios judiciales. La digitalización de
los procesos, la adopción de tecnologías innovadoras y la mejora en la gestión de recursos son clave para optimizar la administración judicial. Sin embargo, estos avances presentan desafíos, como la brecha digital, la preservación de la independencia
judicial y la necesidad de formación continua del personal. Mediante una revisión
sistemática cualitativa, el estudio examina cómo estas estrategias han contribuido
a agilizar los procesos judiciales, mejorar la asignación de recursos y elevar la satisfacción de los usuarios. Se concluye que la modernización del sistema judicial
debe equilibrar la eficiencia con el acceso equitativo a la justicia y la imparcialidad,
subrayando la importancia de desarrollar estrategias inclusivas que respondan a las
demandas contemporáneas de la sociedad.
La gestión educativa como elemento transformador e innovador: una revisión sistemática y análisis bibliométrico
Authors: Justo Mendoza Marín Reynaldo , Baca Rosado Benedicto , Sofía Reeves Huapaya Enma , Percy Rojas Hurtado Daniel , Parillo Sosa Efrain
Published: December 2024

La gestión educativa representa ese proceso sistémico con el que es posible orientar las acciones administrativas-académicas, vinculando la estructura, las
estrategias, el liderazgo, los sistemas operativos, las capacidades, el recurso humano y los objetivos de cualquier institución educativa. Para conseguir una verdadera
transformación e innovación de la educación es necesario que la gestión involucre
aspectos como la conectividad, el equipamiento tecnológico en las instituciones educativas y la implementación de técnicas y métodos de tipo tecnológico, administrativo y humano. El objetivo planteado consistió en analizar la gestión educativa como
elemento transformador y de innovación de la práctica administrativa-académica de
las instituciones de educación. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática y un análisis
bibliométrico, cuyo proceso de búsqueda se apoyó en la metodología Prisma, la base
de datos utilizada fue Scopus, el período de tiempo de las publicaciones debía ser
entre 2014 y 2024, y los estudios debían estar publicados en inglés o en español. Los
resultados mostraron que el año con mayor producción científica referida al tema fue
el 2023 y el idioma más utilizado en los estudios publicados fue el inglés; además, en
el análisis bibliométrico realizado en cuanto a la coautoría de países afiliados a autores destacan China, Reino Unido y los Estados Unidos. Como conclusión, se obtuvo
que la gestión educativa, para constituirse en un elemento transformador y de innovación, requiere la presencia de un conjunto consistente y razonable de decisiones
y acciones de la gerencia educativa; esta, entre otras cosas, debe saber enfrentar los
desafíos externos e internos, haciendo uso de distintas herramientas que favorezcan
el funcionamiento del sistema educativo institucional de manera holística.
An Intelligent and AI-Driven Mobile Platform for High School Students in the College Application Process Using Open Ai and Google Maps API
Authors: Yu Claire , Wu Joshua
Published: December 2024

Students feel overwhelmed in the college process, whether it be due to the inability to find college tours or feeling lost on what they want to pursue in education and where to pursue it. Through our application, CollegeMatcher, we aim to resolve such feelings of aimlessness by providing accessible resources of information and conveying the campus experience for a multitude of universities in America, as well as guiding the student to a higher education home based on their interests and capabilities. We utilize web scraping and API connections (including Google Maps and OpenAI) to retrieve data for each university, including its buildings and images. The application page that provides personalized recommendations of universities integrates with an OpenAI trained chatbot (through its API) in addition to user-inputted data. This application will help students find the university and path of education that best suits them, allowing for the future discovery of passions and pursuits.
Outstanding Framework for Simulating and Generating Anchor Trajectory in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Naguib Abdelhady
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a framework that has the ability to animate and generate different scenarios for the mobility of a movable anchor which can follow various paths in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). When the researchers use NS-2 to simulate a single anchor-assisted localization model, they face the problem of creating the movement file of the movable anchor. The proposed framework solved this problem by allowing them to create the movement scenario regarding different trajectories. The proposed framework lets the researcher set the needed parameters for simulating various static path models, which can be displayed through the graphical user interface. The researcher can also view the mobility of the movable anchor with control of its speed and communication range. The proposed framework has been validated by comparing its results to NS-2 outputs plus comparing it against existing tools. Finally, this framework has been published on the Code Project website and downloaded by many users.
Prioritized Scheduling Routing Protocol for Minimizing Packet Drop in Wireless Body Area Network
Authors: Arefin Md. Taslim , Azad Md Abul Kalam
Published: December 2024

The development of wireless body area networks, or WBANs, has altered people's lives through their utilization in the fields of athletics, cultural activities, fitness, including healthcare, among others. Energy conservation and ensuring the quality of offerings, however, are two of the main design difficulties for WBAN. In a WBAN, the load balancing of various packet buffers is crucial to the construction of a dependable and environmentally friendly technology. This paper proposes a prioritized scheduling-based protocol for minimizing packet drops in wireless body area networks on IEEE 802.15.6. This paper's primary goal is to reduce packet drops in the queues to increase WBAN throughput. In this instance, we take into account the data packet's importance as well as its source location to ensure that no packet is held in the designated buffer for an extended period before being sent to the connection point. PyCrypto is used to replicate the suggested approach in order to research and contrast its results with those of its competitors. According to the findings from the simulation, the suggested protocol performs more efficiently in delay, throughput, and energy consumption than the current approaches.
Fuzzy-based Clustering of Wireless Sensor Networks for Multiple Mobile Agent Itinerary Planning
Authors: Kashyap Nidhi , Upadhyaya Shuchita , Poriye Monika , Lalar Sachin
Published: December 2024

Mobile agent (MA) technology exhibits remarkable efficiency when integrated into Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for information processing tasks. MAs reduce network overhead by executing processing code locally on nodes and selectively transmitting significant data to designated remote sensor nodes, thereby enhancing data fusion and acquisition while minimizing energy depletion. However, in large-scale networks, relying on a single MA leads to significant delays, necessitating the use of multiple MAs to operate asynchronously and minimize latency. The challenge lies in effectively grouping nodes to ensure MAs reach their intended destinations. To address this challenge, this paper introduces a novel approach, the Adaptive FCM Clustering Algorithm (AFCM), a fuzzy-based clustering algorithm designed for addressing network partitioning challenges in Multiple Mobile Agent Itinerary Planning (MIP). A systematic analysis of the existing literature examines various MIP algorithms, emphasizing their strengths and uncovering potential research gaps. AFCM is specifically developed to create disjoint and load-balanced partitions tailored for multi-mobile agent itinerary planning. A Methodical analysis with three traditional clustering algorithms is conducted. The correctness of the Adaptive Fuzzy C-Means (AFCM) algorithm is demonstrated through a detailed manual application on a wireless network comprising 15 nodes.
Routing Performances in Wireless Sensor Networks: Determining Shortest Path Algorithms Effectiveness
Authors: Min Khine Thazin , Jeyanthi N
Published: December 2024

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a pivotal role in a myriad of diverse fields, ranging from crucial healthcare applications to the creation of smart cities and effective environmental monitoring systems. Within the realm of WSNs, the feature of efficient routing assumes paramount importance as it exerts a profound influence on resource utilization and the overall performance of the network. In light of their remarkable efficiency and straightforwardness, shortest-path algorithms have emerged as a prevailing choice for routing mechanisms in WSNs. Hence, the primary objective of this specialized research is to understand a comprehensive investigation into the calculating performance of sensor network routing, with a particular circle on leveraging the potential of shortest-path algorithms. This ambitious effort will involve the establishment of a rigorous evaluation framework encompassing various performance metrics, enabling a meticulous assessment of the routing performance and the efficacy of the carefully selected algorithms. The culmination of this research holds tremendous significance, as it is poised to bestow invaluable insights into the practical implementation of WSNs. To attire with a comprehensive understanding of their performance across various scenarios and metrics, the research community can make informed decisions when choosing the most appropriate routing protocols suited to particular Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) deployments. The potential results of this research promise to not only improve the network's efficiency, reliability, and lifespan safe but also to pave the way for innovative applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in critical areas of societal significance.
An Innovative Hybrid Model for Effective DDOS Attack Detection in Software Defined Networks
Authors: Can Quang Truong , Nguyen Tien Dat , Pham Minh Bao , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Tran Thi Hanh An , Dinh Thi Thai Mai
Published: December 2024

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is a sophisticated network architecture that offers enhanced flexibility and streamlined management through a centralized controller. While these advantages allow SDNs to adapt to growing network demands, they also introduce potential security risks. Specifically, the centralized nature of SDN makes it vulnerable to network attacks, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which can overwhelm network resources and cause widespread congestion. In this study, we propose a DDoS detection model that combines entropy-based features with Support Vector Machine (SVM) machine learning to create a hybrid approach. This model capitalizes on the strengths of both methods to improve detection accuracy. Our results, based on simulations and practical SDN implementation, show that our approach effectively and rapidly detects DDoS attacks with high precision. This paper addresses the challenge of enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of DDoS attack detection by providing a comprehensive dataset collected from both simulated and practical environments, thereby improving the detection system's performance in real-time situations.
Impact Of Organic Additives On Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Activity In Lentinus Edodes (Berkley)
Authors:   Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Dhule. Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidhyapeeth, Rahuri. Maharashtra, 424004- India, Kadam Rushabh Gajanan , Ghutke Tejal Dharmraj ,   Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Dhule. Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidhyapeeth, Rahuri. Maharashtra, 424004-India
Published: December 2024

Shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) is a globally recognized cultivated species, yet it remains underrepresented in Indian markets. This is primarily due to the lack of cultivation technologies using locally available substrates and the unavailability of suitable high-temperature tolerant strains. The present study investigates the effect of various organic additives, including rice flour, wheat flour, corn flour, horse gram flour, sorghum flour, black gram flour, green gram flour, and tapioca flour, on biomass production and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity in Lentinus edodes. The results demonstrated that among the tested additives, sorghum flour significantly enhanced the antioxidant content compared to the other organic additives. These findings suggest that sorghum flour could be a promising substrate for improving the antioxidant properties of Lentinus edodes, with potential applications in mushroom cultivation and food industries.
SUSTAINABLE LITHIUM RECOVERY FROM LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PYRO AND HYDROMETALLURGICAL TECHNIQUES
Authors: De Oliveira Andriela Dutra Norberto , Da Cunha Armando Lucas Cherem , Sobral Luis Gonzaga Santos , Junior Isaías Vieira
Published: December 2024

Different sort of Batteries are used in many diversified applications such as cars, radios, laptops, mobile phones, and watches. They are classified as primary and secondary batteries. The former one is known as alkaline batteries made up of zinc and manganese as primary source and mainly used for household purposes, which convert directly chemical energy into electrical energy. The later one is usually made up of nickel (Ni), cadmium, nickel metal hydride or lithium-ion and it is mainly used in mobile phones, electronic items, cameras etc. The main concern of using batteries is the threat to the environment at the end of their usages. Among all type of batteries, Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are gaining world-wide interest owing to their use in almost all modern life devices. In addition, it is of paramount importance to develop new technologies to minimize any environment impact caused while disposing of such heavy metal bearing residues, since, on the one hand, the metals they contain can affect the environment and, on the other hand, such metals are valuable at an industrial level. In this work, the recoveries of lithium and manganese from the cathodes of exhausted lithium-ion batteries will be investigated using a pyrometallurgical chlorination process, followed by a hydrometallurgical process for the proper solubilisation of the lithium, manganese and cobalt chlorides formed. The tests were carried out in isothermal conditions, in alumina reactor so that it will be possible to operate in corrosive atmospheres. The effect of temperature and reaction time on lithium, manganese and cobalt extractions were also considered. The reagents, products and solid residues of chlorination were characterized by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The experimental results were be analysed to assess the efficiency of lithium, manganese and cobalt extractions as LiCl, MnCl2 and CoCl2, respectively. Once these metals were solubilized, lithium was precipitated in the form of carbonate, which is the raw material for the subsequent production of the batteries.
Ulaştırmanın Beşinci Modu: Hyperloop Sistemi ve Siber Güvenlik
Authors: Dilek Esma , Talih Özgür , Yıldırım Bahadır Fatih
Published: December 2024

Hyperloop; kapsül adı verilen bileşenin manyetik kaldırma teknolojisi yardımıyla havada süzüldüğü, bir tüp içerisinde çok yüksek hızla hareket ettiği ve kapsülün kalkış ile varışlarının kontrol edildiği terminallerden oluşan yenilikçi bir kara ulaştırma modudur. Ultra yüksek hızlı, sürekli bir ulaştırma sistemi olan hyperloop; birbiri ile entegre ve birlikte çalışan birçok alt sistem içerdiğinden sağlam bir haberleşme altyapısına ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Haberleşme, entegrasyon ve dijitalleşme teknolojilerinin yoğun kullanıldığı ulaştırmanın bu modunun, emniyetli ve güvenli bir şekilde hizmet verebilmesi için hyperloop sistemini oluşturan haberleşme türlerinin siber saldırılara ve tehditlere karşı güvenli olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, hyperloop teknolojisine genel bir bakış yapılarak ulaştırmanın bu türünü oluşturan unsurların, kendi içinde ve dış dünya ile haberleşmesini sağlayan ağ altyapısı incelenmiştir. Hyperloop sistemini oluşturan haberleşme türleri, teknolojileri, ağ altyapısını oluşturan ağ katmanları ele alınarak haberleşme yöntemleri ve zorlukları değerlendirilmiştir. Hyperloop sistemini hedef alabilecek siber güvenlik saldırıları, siber güvenlik tehditleri ve risk azaltıcı stratejiler araştırılarak literatüre katkı sağlanması hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye’de hyperloop sistemi geliştirme girişimleri özetlenerek bu sistemin siber güvenliğini sağlamak için öneriler sunulmuştur. Bu çalışma, hyperloop teknolojisine, bu sistemi oluşturan haberleşme türlerine ve bunların siber güvenliği konularına odaklanan, güvenli bir hyperloop sistemi geliştirme çabalarına katkı sunmayı amaçlayan literatürdeki nadir çalışmalar arasındadır.
Çizgi: Tasarımda Temsil Dili
Authors: Ersoy Nil Sena , Ulusan Ufuk
Published: December 2024

Çizgi, noktanın aralıksız hareketinden doğan kavramdır. Mesafenin derinlik ve genişliğine gitmeden, uzunluk yönünde giden noktalar bütünlüğüdür. Bir sınır belirleyici olarak da değerlendirilebilir; çizgi bir ifade ve iletişim aracıdır, dolayısıyla tasarımın yapı taşıdır. Bu araştırmanın amacı tasarımda temsil dili olarak kullanılan çizginin tarihsel gelişim sürecine dair benzer kaynakların incelenmesi ve ilgili bilgilerin kullanılması yoluyla oluşturulan literatür taramasına dayanmaktadır. İnsan, diğer canlılarla karşılaştırıldığında sınırlı sayılabilecek bedensel imkanlarına rağmen, zihinsel becerilerinin getirdiği avantajları kullanarak hayatta kalmıştır. Kendinden farklı canlılardan elde ettiği bilgilerle çizginin bu yoğun ifade gücünü kullanmış ve oluşturduğu tasarımlarla kendine fayda sağlamıştır.
Leveraging Interpretable Models and Low Complexity Models for Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Paul Akampurira , Aaron Atuhe , Brian Mugisha , Rosette Kyomuhangi , Joshua Alitweza , Maxima Ainomugisha , Juliana Tumuramye
Published: December 2024

Leveraging Interpretable Models and Low Complexity Models for Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Machine Learning Approach
The Concept ‘St. Petersburg House’ in the World Picture of Urban Mythology
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mazalova N.E.
Published: December 2024

In this article, the concept ‘St. Petersburg house’, which combines spatial, vital, anthropomorphic and other characteristics, is considered from the standpoint of the anthropological approach. The main features of a St. Petersburg house are highlighted — the time of construction (the 19th — early 20th centuries), durability, solidity, quality, beauty, etc. Other important features of a St. Petersburg house include coziness but not comfort, and it being considered as a book storage. The article touches upon the meanings of ‘house / home’: a house as one’s own space, family, and homeland. The author emphasises the expansion of the space of a St. Petersburg house into the entire city space of St. Petersburg. The metaphors referring to a St. Petersburg house, e.g. ‘a house as a person’, are analysed. The author concludes that the concept ‘St. Petersburg house’ is a complex mental formation associated with the world picture of St. Petersburg mythology and possessing a soul, spirit, style, taste, and ‘Europeanness’.
Terminology of Art: The Transformation of Artistic Speech into Scientific
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Kondakov I.V. ,   State Institute for Art Studies
Published: December 2024

As the theory and terminology of the history of culture evolve, their concepts develop into relatively stable and unchanging terms which are assigned certain meaning. The most well-established of them build a system of terms used in the field of art and artistic culture. The article explains the impact of an important cultural factor in the renewal of the art terminology system — the phenomenon of intermediality. After reflecting on term formation (theoretical reflection on the life of art), in a ‘dialogue’ with S.S. Averintsev and M. M. Bakhtin, the author of the article turns to comprehending individual examples of the emergence of new terminology, considering term formation during the establishment of a new kind of art (cinema) to be particularly characteristic. Using Yu.N. Tynyanov’s works in film studies as an example, the article discusses the cardinal renewal of the scientific terminology of art in the 1920s in Russia associated with the development of cinema and the emergence of the Russian formalism which shifted the research focus from literature to cinematography.
Masks in the Spanish Theater of the Golden Age on the Example of P. Calderon’s Comedies
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Artamonova E.A. ,   State Institute for Art Studies
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the mask in the Spanish theatre of the Golden Age using the example of several comedies by P. Calderon. Despite the fact that Calderon is one of the most studied authors of the Spanish theatre of the Golden Age, not all of his works have yet been published and only a small part has been translated into Russian. The subject of research in this article will be stage interpretation, since at the moment, with the advent of technical capabilities, including virtual modelling, the focus is gradually shifting towards studying staging techniques. Within the chosen framework of expanding the concept of a mask not only as a prop but also as a method of disguise that includes, for example, such episodes when characters change clothes, disguise themselves, etc., the question of limiting the number of plays mentioned is not raised. Consequently, this approach will make it possible to collect a database of techniques using a mask, which, when referring to other works of Calderon, can be clarified and supplemented until a comprehensive picture of techniques in the Spanish theatre of the Golden Age is obtained.
Mstislav Dobuzhinsky — The Author of the Graphic Design of Mikhail Kuzmin’ Books
Authors:   Research Institute of the Theory and History of Fine Arts Russian Academy of Arts, Zavyalova A.E.
Published: December 2024

Between 1918 and 1922, Mstislav Dobuzhinsky created the design for four books by Mikhail Kuzmin: the story The Wonderful Life of Joseph Balsamo, Count Cagliostro, the play Mary’s Tuesday, the collection of poems Unearthly Evenings, and the musical and poetic suite The Forest. The artist’s ‘Kuzmin series’ is rather well-known, but this article for the first time considers it as an object of special consideration in the context of art history, which determines its novelty and relevance.
The article identifies the two directions of Dobuzhinsky’s creative searches — retrospective and modern, which are reflected in the book design of the ‘Kuzmin series’. It has been found that the book design for the story and the poetic suite associated with the traditions of E.T.A. Hoffman, one of the favourite authors of both Kuzmin and Dobuzhinsky, was dominated by retrospective tendencies. The drawings for those books reflected new aspects of the artist’s interests, such as chiaroscuro, the landscapes by Nicolas Poussin, the painting The Last Day of Pompeii by Karl Bryullov, along with an appeal to Jugendstil magazine graphics and Japanese woodcuts, already traditional for Dobuzhinsky’s work. Meanwhile, his fascination with the graphic power of Cubism based on the black and white illustrations in the books by A. Gleizes and J. Metzinger, as well as G. Apollinaire, influenced the design of the drawings for the covers of Mary’s Tuesday and Unearthly Evenings. In this case, the drawings are not literally related to the text, unlike the illustrations.
The author comes to the conclusion that the designs for the works of one writer whose literary reference points were close to the artist clearly reflected Dobuzhinsky’s creative searches: new directions of retrospective interests, as well as the use of the external features of Cubism.
Looking for the Auteur Intonation: The Poem The Twelve in the Creative Interpretation of Artists of the 1960s–1970s
Authors:   A.L. Stieglitz St. Petersburg State Academy of Arts and Design, Kotlomanov A.O.
Published: December 2024

The focus of the research is on the illustrations for Alexander Blok’s poem The Twelve made for its various editions in the 1960s and 1970s, in the heyday of illustrated books in the USSR from the Thaw era to the late Soviet period. Blok’s poem (the history of illustration of which generally characterizes the path of the evolution of Soviet book graphics, from the post-revolutionary period to the 1980s) is presented here as a universal literary work — a ‘landmark subject’. As the artist approaches the ‘landmark subject’, the qualities of the poetic text and its space-time image can relatively freely correspond with variations of its creative interpretation.
In the context of the creative interpretation of The Twelve, the article highlights the works of the famous Soviet artists who received attention in the scientific and critical literature of their time. Among them are Andrey Goncharov, Boris Markevich, Alexander and Valery Traugot, Mikhail Rudakov, Boris Diodorov, and others. In addition to the analysis of the selected artistic examples, the theoretical ideas that accompanied the appearance of these illustrations are also considered. In the sequence of changes in conceptual settings, the author of the article emphasizes alternative approaches to the interpretation of the literary image, as well as to understanding the illustration in general — as an element of graphic culture, from the perspective of the ‘pictorial’ approach, and in the context of the adaptation of the genre of author’s book (‘artist’s book’ / ‘livre d’artiste’) in the Soviet reality. The highlighted episodes of illustrating the poem characterize the level of creative freedom possible in that period in relation to the selected literary works, positioning the range of diversity of artistic solutions in the situation of ideological control and the officially approved method of expression.
Two Illuminated Letters of Queen Anne Stuart from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Documents Сollection in Moscow
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Zolotova E.Yu.
Published: December 2024

The article for the first time publishes two illuminated parchment letters of Queen Anne Stuart of 1707 and 1708 addressed to Tsar Peter the Great from the collection of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Documents (RGADA) in Moscow. The analysis of their artistic decoration allows establishing that the letters were decorated in the royal workshop in London by its head, Thomas Brand, using the samples of ornamental engraving by the French master of the second half of the 17th century, Alexis Loir. Based on the material of the illuminated letters of the epoch from Charles II of England to Anne Stuart, including those stored in the English fund of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Documents (No. 35), the article for the first time presents a brief outline of the history of decorating parchment documents in England for half a century: the author traces the history of the royal workshop in the 1660s — 1710s, considers the issues of the influence of ornamental engraving and the evolution of style, and assesses the contribution of the leading craftsmen, as well as the role of the Queen Anne era and the court master Thomas Brand in updating the art of decorating letters at the beginning of the 18th century.
The Character with Masks and a Heart at the Feet of the Giant of the Antwerp Entry of Archduke Ernst of Austria (1594): The Origin and Meaning
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Klimova I.V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the origin and meaning of the female character with masks and a heart employed in the decoration of the Ceremonial Entry of Archduke Ernst of Austria in Antwerp in 1594. The appearance of this character in the artistic program of the Entry raises the problem of the use of masks in the Dutch spectacular culture of the 16th century. The main sources for this article are paintings, engravings, and drawings by Flemish and Dutch artists of the second half of the 16th — early 17th centuries which depict theatrical, mythological and allegorical scenes that include images of various masks. The main methodological technique is a theatrical analysis of works of fine art. The author of the article emphasizes that many of the Dutch artists were members not only of the professional guild of St. Luke, but also of the chambers of rhetoric, where they were engaged in poetry, participated in organizing city festivals, and performed in theatrical productions. The involvement of the artists in theatrical practice was, to one degree or another, reflected in the interpretation of themes, plots and individual details of the works they created. The female character with masks and a heart at the feet of the giant of the Antwerp Entry of 1594 is an example of combining the tradition of depicting allegories in the painting of the era, the artistic program of the Entry, and the independent interpretation of the images of allegorical characters by the artists who participated in the design of the Ceremonial Entry of Archduke Ernst of Austria.
The Relationship between Church and State and Their Impact on Traditional Culture
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Pashina O.A.
Published: December 2024

The article attempts to identify adaptation mechanisms that are activated in folk culture when conditions of existence change, using the example of special forms of popular religiosity that arose in response to a radical revision of the relationship between church and state in Soviet times. Persecution of the church and serious ideological dictatorship during the fairly long Soviet period could not completely change the traditional worldview of the Russian peasantry striving to preserve its identity. At the same time, they gave rise to special, hidden from prying eyes, forms of manifestation of popular religiosity that varied in different regions, which is due to their historical and cultural characteristics.
Contemporary Language of Architecture. The Individuality of an Architect in the Space of a Modern City
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Dutsev M.V. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia,   Institute of the Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Development
Published: December 2024

The current communication between the architect and their addressee (the user of the environment) through architectural works, various creative spatial practices, utopias and manifestos is significantly hampered by the presence of a serious gap in the cultural tradition of architectural art perception. This is especially noticeable today in the situation of a growing variety of personal author’s approaches, social, technological, environmental and, of course, aesthetic turns. However, it will be incorrect to consider this acute problem, the communicative crisis, a ‘disaster’, an unambiguous decline of architecture, or the collapse of the culture of civilization. Some puzzling autonomy of the profession, or even more often, of its individual representatives, the birth of borderline architectural and artistic initiatives, ‘strange’ alternative trends, as well as the individual choice of the ‘spectator’ of this ‘performance’, determine the development of new patterns of thinking within the most contemporary architecture, on its borders and beyond. It would be more accurate to say that today’s civilizational stage is characterized by the coexistence of closed and open systems, unique ‘personal’ styles and complex ‘hybrids’ at the junction of functional, contextual, interactive, and artistic scenarios.
The study suggests reflecting on the possibility of orienting oneself in the multidimensional present and looking a little into the future, collecting new thoughts, languages, and forms in a single wandering field, seeing some probable constants that will allow the productive encounter of the different and outline the ways for the emergence of new forms of the environmental consensus and the ways to overcome such frequent alienation of the new architecture.
Between the Reconstruction of Utopia and the Renovation of Dystopia: Details to the Architectural Portrait of Moscow in the Film The Master and Margarita (2024)
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Dedkov O.M.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the visual image of Moscow in the film The Master and Margarita (2024), directed by M. Lokshin and based on M. Bulgakov’s novel of the same name. The analysis focuses on the architectural images of the real and project-level buildings depicted in the film, their relationship to the socio-cultural context of the novel, the real Moscow of the 1930s, and the imaginary pre-war Stalin’s Moscow. The text contains references to films that actively used the image of the pre-war Moscow architectural utopia and various literary and architectural allusions related to the director’s view of the plots and images of the source novel.
The Polish Musical Film of the 1930s: From the Musicals to Film Adaptations of Stanisław Moniuszko’s Operas
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Sobakina O.V.
Published: December 2024

The author focuses on one of the most striking phenomena of European cinema of the interwar period, a musical film and musical comedy in particular, which vividly declared itself in Poland in 1930 (almost simultaneously with the advent of sound cinema). The new film genre was developing rapidly, but the achievements of Polish cinema in this area are little known in Russia. Despite the fact that the technical capabilities were more than modest, the music of Polish composers performed by new Polish film stars shone on the screen — those artists (and often musicians) to whom the new genre brought fantastic success and left in the memory of the audience for many decades. Moreover, the creators were interested not only in musicals, but also in more “serious” musical genres, as well as various national and socio-cultural contexts.
The article offers an introduction to the history and peculiarities of the development of the musical film genre in Poland during the interwar twentieth century, special emphasis is placed on film adaptations of Polish opera classics — S. Moniuszko’s operas Halka and The Enchanted Castle. Based on the historical and cultural approach and the study of film materials (as well as the press and a few scientific papers), various aspects of the work of composers and artists, as well as attitudes towards a new genre of criticism, are presented.
The author emphasizes that since the creation of sound film in Poland, it has been considered a synthetic art form, where music has specific relationships with images and other acoustic elements. Musicals occupied an important place in Polish cinema of the interwar period, however, in addition to this direction, interesting works in the genre of short feature films using music, as well as opera films can be noted. The most famous film adaptation of the national opera was Halka directed by J. Gardan (1937), who invited outstanding Polish authors to cooperate (the music was adapted and completed by R. Palester, the dialogues by J. Iwaszkiewicz, and the script was created by L. Schiller). Numerous musical films have become valuable evidence of the era, capturing its socio-cultural landmarks, as well as artistic preferences and peculiarities of the existence of the musical art’s works.
Sports in the Soviet Artistic Interpretation: A Culturological View on Motives and Narratives
Authors:   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Bykhovskaya I.M.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the interaction between two spheres of socio-cultural space — art and sports — with a focus on the principles of culturological analysis. The factual base of the study is mainly related to the early Soviet stage of the development of the socio-cultural practices under consideration. At that time the confluence of their development was determined not only by the intentions of the subjects of artistic creativity and/or sports action, but also by the general socio-axiological context, which powerfully stimulated collaboration of art and sports. The article examines some examples of artists’ interest in the world of sports, which is due to their understanding of sports as an area of manifestation of the beauty of the human body and spirit, and as a space free from ideological restrictions. Such an interest, a desire to understand sports as a special sphere of life more deeply, was manifested in the wide representation of sport themes in the Soviet art in the first decades of the 20th century, in the preserved words of artists with ‘declarations of love’ to sport, and in their actions (captured in the memoirs of contemporaries) associated with the desire to join the world of sports — be it through personal participation in sport competitions or enthusiastic support. The author of the article argues that one of the ‘common denominators’ which determine not only the described interest, but also other forms of interaction between artistic creativity and sports action (for example, the phenomena of artification of sports, on the one hand, and sportization in certain genres of art, on the other), is the high emotional intensity of these practices, their expressiveness, and a kind of cathartic effect concerning both the actor and the viewer.
Time of Rome: Topography of Eternity
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Sipovskaya N.V.
Published: December 2024

On September 10, 2024, the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Moscow) hosted a presentation of the Catalog of the large-scale exhibition Three Times of Rome. Antiquity. Renaissance. Baroque. Within its framework, a fascinating discussion unfolded, summing up the results of this exhibition project. The exposition, almost entirely based on Roman view engravings of the 16th – 18th centuries — a refined and exclusive material, — unexpectedly aroused wide interest, gathering a record number of visitors for the holiday season. The article makes an attempt to analyze the reasons for its popularity, as well as to summarize the issues raised by it.
Emerging Antiviral Drugs to Prevent or Treat Influenza
Authors: CDA-AMC
Published: December 2024

What Is the Issue?

There is a need to identify drugs currently in development (pipeline drugs) intended to prevent or treat influenza.
Specifically, policy-makers would like to identify those drugs that have ongoing or recently completed phase II or phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and are not yet approved for use by Health Canada for influenza.

What Did We Do?

An information specialist did a tailored literature search across major databases to identify relevant RCTs on antiviral drugs for influenza, focusing on information published in English since January 1, 2020, and completed on November 8, 2024.

What Did We Find?

We identified a total of 17 emerging drugs in 26 completed or ongoing RCTs, mainly testing treatments for adults with uncomplicated influenza, with some studies including children and adolescents.
The evidence included 2 prevention studies and 3 challenge studies for influenza.
Most drugs were compared to a placebo and the number of participants in these trials ranged from 46 to 5,000.

What Does It Mean?

There are promising new drugs in development for treating adults with uncomplicated influenza.