bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing responsiveness in the emergency department: Comparing dynamic priority queue with fast track
Authors: Ferrand Yann B. , Magazine Michael J. , Rao Uday S. , Glass Todd F.
Published: June 2018

Emergency Departments (EDs) commonly face capacity imbalances and long wait times in a service system handling patients with different priorities. These problems are particularly important for low‐priority patients who often remain in the queue for extended periods. We investigate two distinct approaches to address these challenges: fast track (FT) and dynamic priority queue (DPQ). Traditionally, EDs have prioritized patients using an Emergency Severity Index (ESI), in conjunction with FT, to strictly or partially dedicate resources to different ESI patient classes. With our proposed DPQ, patients are prioritized using ESI and additional real‐time operational information about the patient, specifically the amount of accumulated wait time and flow time. Using an empirical simulation, we compare the impact of different resource allocation and prioritization approaches on patient length of stay (LOS), including the existing system at the ED, FT with strict and partial dedication and the possibility of shorter and less variable service times, and versions of the proposed DPQ using simple dynamic prioritization. Our main results are that: (i) the DPQ approach dominates the other approaches tested; (ii) for various ED sizes, FT with strict and partial dedication do not reduce average LOS of low‐priority patients without significantly increasing average LOS of high‐priority patients, unless service time mean and variance are reduced; (iii) DPQ using accumulated wait time or accumulated flow time improves performance. The results are robust to changes in the proportion of patients in each priority level. Overall, expanding decision making about patient prioritization from only considering the patient's clinical condition to also including operational data can improve performance dramatically, even without improved service times.
Isolation of Antithrombin Globulin from Human Blood Plasma
Authors: Shinowara George Y. , Buckley Dimite J.
Published: June 2018

Fraction III + IV obtained by a low temperature — low ionic strength fractionation procedure was found to contain 97 percent of the antithrombin activity of whole plasma. The mean antithrombin activity in this fraction from 88 normal plasma specimens was 172.6 ± S. D. 19.8 units per ml. Further purification experiments resulted in fraction III representing 96 per cent of the antithrombin activity in fraction III + IV. There was no evidence for fibrinogen, prothrombin and antihemophilic globulin contamination in fraction III. Over 90 per cent of the plasma gamma globulins was present in this fraction.

The kinetics of the thrombin-antithrombin reaction were investigated. Under the specific conditions employed, the reaction was found to follow a first order course. The heat of activation was determined to be 11,300 calories. A standard antithrombin unit is defined. A quantitative test procedure which is accurate at both high and low concentrations of the circulating anticoagulant is described and its application on fractions, heat defibrinated plasma and serum is discussed.
Spontaneous Haemophilia in a Female
Authors: Braun E. H , Stollar David B.
Published: June 2018

A case of haemophilia in a young white girl is described. There was a history of bleeding from birth. The thromboplastin generation test was grossly abnormal and A. H. G. levels were below 1%. Bleeding time and capillary morphology was within normal limits. Dental extraction after transfusion caused almost uncontrollable haemorrhage.

A complete family history was obtained for four generations. There was no case of a “bleeder” amongst these.

The girl’s apparent sex was confirmed by sex chromatin studies.
Interpreting violence: The 1921 Tulsa Race Riot and its legacy
Authors: Karatzas Konstantinos D.
Published: June 2018

The article analyses aspects of the 1921 Tulsa, Oklahoma Race Riot and War. In the first part, it presents a brief history of Tulsa, Oklahoma and the reasons that triggered the clash that devastated Greenwood, the black part of Tulsa. The next section focuses on the role of the Red Cross in the relief project for the support of thousands of homeless African Americans, and deals with the long legal struggle for reparations and the role of the legal system in the failure to punish the guilty for the devastation of Greenwood. The last part of the article presents the controversy generated by the renaming of one of Tulsa’s main streets and the direct connection to the city’s violent and racial past. The legacy of segregation is deeply rooted in the American past; the use of the Tulsa Riot and War as a case study demonstrates the impact of racial conflicts on society and the necessity to identify and resolve relevant problems.
‘Don’t make me go back’: Post-feminist retreatism in Doctor Who
Authors: Franke Alyssa , Nicol Danny
Published: June 2018

In post-2005 Doctor Who (1963–89, 1996, 2005–present) the female companion has become a seminal figure. This article shows how closely the narratives of the companions track contemporary notions of post-feminism. In particular, companions’ departures from the programme have much in common with post-feminism’s master-theme of retreatism, whereby women retreat from their public lives to find fulfilment in marriage, home and family. The article argues that when companions leave the TARDIS, what happens next ought to embody the sense of empowerment, purpose and agency that they have gained through their adventures, whereas too often the programme’s authors have given companions ‘happy endings’ based on finding husbands and settling down.
Book Reviews
Authors: Jones Bethan , Johnson Beth
Published: June 2018

The X-Files, TV Milestones Series, Theresa L. Geller (2016) Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 132 pp., ISBN: 9780814339428, p/bk, $19.99

Contemporary British Television Crime Drama: Cops on the Box, Ruth McElroy (ed.) (2017) London and New York: Routledge, 210 pp., ISBN: 9781472454935, h/bk, £110
Public Interest as a Ground for Restriction of the Ownership Right
Authors: KIRILLOVA Elena Anatolyevna , BOGDAN Varvara Vladimirovna , FILIPPOV Petr Martynovich , BIDOVA Bela Bertovna , FILIPENKOVA Olesya Genadyevna
Published: June 2018

The public interest right as a ground for restriction of the ownership right is studied in this article. The notion of sustainable development, widely discussed in recent years at the international level, considers the thesis of balanced regulation of economic relations as one of the main principles of state policy. The balanced regulation of economic relations is impossible without clear definition of the areas of private and public interests in law, as well as without development of the common approaches to the notion, content, criteria, and principles of restriction of the ownership rights. The purpose of this study is to analyze public interest as a groundfor restriction of the ownership right. This scientific work is based on the dialectical method, in which each legal phenomenon is considered in development, in constant movement, and the contradictions of different levels within the framework of the common system are recognized as the internal impulses of development. The principle of systematic analysis of the limits of implementation and restrictions of private and public ownership rights is actively applied. The study proposes to expand the subject composition in legal relations on restriction of the ownership rights and to introduce a new subject of law (the ʽfuture generationsʽ), the interests of which may become the limit of the implementation of the ownership right; the authors' definition of the ʽinterest of the societyʽ is given, the conclusion is madethat the restrictions of the ownership rights are independent legal relationships, arising from the legal facts, based on the law. The proposal is substantiated that in the system of fundamental human rights and freedoms it is necessary to single out the right to property as the basic right of an individual (person), different from the ownership right. The right to property is a potential, yet unrealized opportunity for everyone to possess any property. The conclusions and proposals made in the study will make it possible to ensure the balance of the property interests of the owners and the society.
e-Government in the Stavropol Region: Assessment of the Level of Citizens' Satisfaction with the Provision of Public and Municipal Services
Authors: NOVIKOVA Irina Vladimirovna , P'YANOV Aleksandr Ivanovich , RUDICH Slavko Brankovich , IVASHOVA Valentina Anatolievna
Published: June 2018

The article analyzes the measures to introduce the model of the organization of ʽe-governmentʽ in the Stavropol Territory and presents the results of a specific sociological study to determine the level of satisfaction of citizens with its functioning. The sociological research was carried out on the basis of probabilistic (random) sampling in 5 urban and 6 rural municipalities of the Stavropol region. As a method of collecting primary data, a survey was used in the form of questionnaires and interviewing. In addition to the study of the degree of satisfaction of residents of cities and rural areas of the Stavropol Territory the quality of the work of multifunctional centers, we set out to identify the main problems in the provision of public and municipal services by these centers. An analysis of the results of the research showed that the current model of the organization of ʽe-governmentʽ in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is ineffective and requires an institutional reorganization of the mechanisms of inter-agency cooperation.
Corporate Planning and Its Effects on Customer Satisfaction: A Case Study of MTN Telecommunication Company in North Central Part of Nigeria
Authors: C.N. Aguoru, , M.E. Umogbai, , V. Ozowa,
Published: June 2018

The overall impact of corporate planning on customer satisfaction was investigated in MTN as a model of the Nigerian Telecommunication company.  The multistage sampling technique was used to select 133 experienced staffs of the organisation who were interviewed across three North Central states.  Data was analysed using the multivariate statistical approaches on the SPSS software (20.0 version). As a result, the workforce was dominated by employees between 30-39 years of age (56.2%) and first degree holders (60%). Only 6.2% had postgraduate level of education. Good corporate planning is a major component of the company as all indicators are greater than the 3.5 benchmark on the 5 point Lickert scale used. The organisation allocates adequate resources for strategic plans (4.12) and there is effective corporate communication within the firm which improves its performance (4.13). Also, the company establishes strategy supportive policies and operational procedures that lead to customer satisfaction (4.31). Programs for continuous improvement are in place (4.35). Customers purchase airtime frequently, an indicator of customer satisfaction with the highest mean (2.88) which is above the cut-off point of 2.00 on the 4 point Lickert scale.  Other indicators with positive records are reported. However, purchase of data bundle by customers failed to meet the minimum benchmark (1.59). Regression analysis showed that both strategic analysis and strategy implementation of the company positively affect its customer satisfaction. Each independent variable had p-values below 0.05 level of significance from all inferential statistical methods applied.  The coefficient of determination of the model was .519. The result implied that 51.9 % of the variation in customer satisfaction was explained by the influence of strategic analysis and strategy implementation. Areas that need urgent attention of the stakeholders are highlighted in the report.
Identification and sequence characterization of LOC427400: a novel gene highly expressed in the Magnum of White leghorn’s Oviduct
Authors: Zhang Ying , Ning Bolin , Li Jingchun , He Qianyu , Wei Chunbo , Liu Shengjun
Published: June 2018

LOC427400 is a novel bird gene located on chromosome Z of the chicken genome. It was deciphered in our previous study by RNA sequencing of different parts of the chicken oviduct. Here we confirmed that LOC427400 expressed significantly high in the magnum comparing with the ovary, isthmus, uterus, liver, jejunum and breast muscle (p Lass Than 0.05) by quantitative real-time PCR in 5 White Leghorn layers at the age of 34 wk. The full length of transcript sequence of LOC427400 was also obtained by 3’ and 5’ RACE. The new transcript was 2831 bp and the corresponding translated protein was 343 aa. The predicted protein show 2 conserved domains, RICIN and OST-beta, which indicated that LOC427400 protein might have functions like carbohydrate-binding and signal transduction. This study illustrated that LOC47400 should be an important candidate gene related with the process of egg albumen formation and albumen biological functions.
A (possibilidade de) não execução do mandado de detenção europeu fundamentada no tratamento ou pena cruel ou degradante
Authors: Wildner Zambiasi Vinícius , Cavol Klee Paloma Marita
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo tem por objetivo estudar o instituto do Mandado de Detenção Europeu, que surge como substituto imediato do mecanismo de extradição para as relações de captura e entrega de pessoas dentro do território da União Europeia. A partir da metodologia dedutiva, buscou-se embasamento doutrinário, legal e jurisprudencial para se alcançar as conclusões presentes. Para tanto, deve-se analisar o seu contexto de surgimento, suas principais diretrizes de funcionamento e seu alicerce fundamental, qual seja o princípio do reconhecimento mútuo. Por fim, com a análise jurisprudencial de dois casos expoentes da matéria, busca-se responder a problemática basilar: a possibilidade do sujeito-alvo sofrer tratamento cruel ou degradante no sistema prisional do Estado-Membro executor pode ser tratada como hipótese de não execução da entrega?
A centralidade do juízo oral no Sistema Acusatório: uma visão estratégica acerca do caso penal
Authors: Barilli Raphael Jorge De Castilho
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo visa a debater a questão da oralidade como centro metodológico do sistema acusatório, indicando um formato de administração da justiça pautado no litígio. Para isso, buscou-se apontar que a forma processual escrita, que por muito tempo se colocou como o formato ideal de processo, apresenta-se insuficiente diante da notável influência de elementos diversos, insusceptíveis de apropriação formal, que influenciam no resultado do caso. Neste contexto de litigância oral, é necessário questionar: Há estratégia na apresentação dos elementos no debate oral? Como a noção de estratégia no litígio penal é vista pela comunidade jurídica? Em que momentos do processo essa atuação estratégica deve se implementar? Essas e outras questões serão enfrentadas neste trabalho, que tem como metodologia a investigação teórica de literatura referente a este novo marco teórico, concluindo que a noção de estratégia é uma decorrência natural do novo paradigma processual. Ademais, esta nova forma de pensar o processo é vista como tendência no contexto de reforma processual penal da América Latina ocorrido nas últimas décadas, que busca superar as matrizes inquisitivas do processo, afirmando um sistema acusatório de tendência adversarial verdadeiramente democrático.
Equality of arms, impartiality of the judiciary and the role of the parties in the pre-trial inquiry: the perspective of Italian criminal justice
Authors: Ruggeri Stefano
Published: June 2018

A análise da investigação pelo Ministério Público no processo penal italiano apresenta um cenário complexo. Apesar do aumento progressivo dos direitos de participação das partes, o papel imenso das autoridades investigativas não determina as condições para a efetividade da paridade de armas, e também prejudica amplamente as tarefas do julgador. Em grande medida, a conservação de vários poderes decisórios e coercitivos do Ministério Público ainda refletem a antiga concepção de um independente membro de Justiça. Ainda que os indivíduos envolvidos na investigação ministerial possam participar em alguns atos policiais e do Ministério Público, a defesa técnica em muitas vezes carece de efetividade, e as possibilidades de investigações autônomas por advogados de defesa são limitadas e somente determinam uma igualdade em nível formal. Certamente, esse cenário não pode ser justificado em um modelo de justiça criminal orientado por direitos humanos. De lege ferenda, o aumento das tarefas do juiz competente para a investigação preliminar, que sistema italiano de justiça penal não é um juiz instrutor, mas um juiz de garantias, mostra-se atualmente como a melhor alternativa em relação a investigações unilaterais e o papel dominante de autoridades investigativas.
A Review of the Properties, Structural Characteristics and Application Potentials of Concrete Containing Wood Waste as Partial Replacement of one of its Constituent Material
Authors: Fapohunda Christopher , Akinbile Bolatito , Oyelade Akintoye
Published: June 2018

There is a growing concern that the sustainability of our built environment is being endangered, due to the uncontrolled and massive use of non-renewable natural resources in the production of structural concrete that is used for the construction of her infrastructure. Alternative material resources are being discovered through myriads of research efforts to address this concern. One of such alternative materials is the wood waste material. This paper presents a comprehensive review of properties, structural behaviour and application potentials of concrete containing wood waste, either in form of saw dust ash (SDA) as partial replacement of cement, or saw dust as partial replacement of fine aggregates, or wood aggregates as partial replacement of coarse aggregates. The results of the review showed that, (i) with appropriate mix design, wood waste, either in the form of saw dust ash, or wood aggregate, or saw dust; can be incorporated into the concrete mix to develop structural concrete that satisfies codes requirements, provided the replacement is not above 20%,.and (ii) concrete incorporating SDA has good durability properties against most of the process of deterioration encountered by concrete in service life. Thus, the use of saw dust waste in concrete will enhance sustainable structural and constructional practices.
Формування концепції виміру вітчизняних брендів на відповідність моделі 4-D
Authors: Lyalyuk Alla
Published: June 2018

Розглянуто модель 4-D (модель 4-мірного брендигну), яка включає чотири виміри: функціональний, со-ціальний, духовний і ментальний. Проаналізовані результати дослідження на відповідність концепції моделі 4-D досвіду взаємодії українських споживачів деякими вітчизняними брендами. Описано виміри, які переважають у досліджуваних вітчизняних торгових марках.
Наукові підходи до трактування сутності екологічного менеджменту підприємства
Authors: Cherchyk Larysa
Published: June 2018

У статті розглянуто відомі підходи до визначення сутності екологічного менеджменту: інституційний, процесний, системний і функціональний; запропоновано його трактування з позиції інституційного й процесного підходів.Згідно з інституційним підходом, екологічний менеджмент підприємства – це сукупність принципів, форм, методів, прийомів та засобів впливу, які, з одного боку, використовуються персоналом підприємства для досягнення високої ефективності діяльності, із другого – забезпечення екологобезпечної діяльності на основі раціонального й невиснажливого природокористування, що не завдає шкоди довкіллю. Визначено елементи системи екологічного менеджменту підприємства (суб’єкт, об’єкт, предмет; мета, цілі, завдання; важелі, інструменти, методи; очікувані результати).Згідно з процесним підходом, екологічний менеджмент підприємства – це сукупність послідовних взаємопов’язаних етапів управлінської діяльності, які забезпечують обґрунтування, прийняття та реалізацію управлінських рішень щодо досягнення екологічно безпечного й економічно ефективного стратегічного розвитку підприємства, а саме: формування екологоорієнтованої концепції розвитку підприємства; стратегічного аналізу середовища; діагностики еколого-економічної безпеки підприємства; прогнозування змін стратегічного середовища підприємства; екологоорієнтованого цілепокладання; обґрунтування стратегічного набору розвитку підприємства; розроблення екологічної політики; стратегічного планування реалізації обраної стратегії; екологічного моніторингу, аудиту та контролю за реалізацією стратегії й екологічної політики; оцінки ефективності обраної стратегії та екологічної політики.
Світові тенденції розвитку економіки енергетики у ХХІ ст. : адаптація до українських реалій
Authors: Strishenez Olena
Published: June 2018

У статті розглянуто світові тенденції енергоефективної політики, окреслено особливості функціонування регіональних енергетичних систем, визначено роль енергетичних бірж у розвитку єдиного Європейського енер-гетичного ринку, зроблено висновки щодо адаптації світового досвіду енергоефективності при трансформаційних процесах української економіки.
Superiority of Serum Immunofixation Electrophoresis over Serum Protein Electrophoresis in the Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Uddin Mohammed Mosleh , Rahman Md Mizanur , Sultana Syeda Adib , Saha Debashish
Published: June 2018

Background: Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a neoplasm of B cell lineage characterized by excessive proliferation of abnormal plasma cells, secreting abnormal immunoglobulin causing monoclonal gammopathy which can be detected by the presence of M protein in serum and urine electrophoresis.Aim: Present study is aimed to detect and quantify monoclonal gamma globulins by SPEP and IFE in suspected case of MM and other plasma cell dyscrasias and also to find out the discrepant findings between SPEP and IFE.Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out on clinically highly suspected cases of Multiple Myeloma (MM) presenting with backache, asthenia and generalized weakness at Armed forces Institute of Pathology(AFIP), Dhaka cantonment from January 2015 to July 2016. A total of 140 blood samples were collected and subjected to serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and Immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE). IFE identifies the type of heavy (IgG, IgM or IgA) and light chain (either kappa or lambda in suspected cases of MMResults: Out of 140 cases, SPEP identified monoclonal band in 62 cases and either non-specific findings or polyclonal band in 78 cases. At the same time immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) which was done on all samples detected another 14 cases of M-band in addition to earlier 62 cases of monoclonal gammopathy by SPEP. Among 140 cases, SPEP detected M-band in 62 cases, whereas IFE identified monoclonal band in 76 cases. So in the remaining 14 cases (10%) small sharp spikes of monoclonal band was found only by IFE whereas SPEP failed to detect those 14 cases.Conclusion: SPEP is an easy to perform laboratory test which can be used for detection and quantification of monoclonal gammopathy but there is some limitation in detecting monoclonal band by SPEP. IFE is more sensitive to detect the monoclonal band than SPEP. So both SPEP and IFE should be done simultaneously for precise diagnosis of MM and related disorders.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36(3): 95-100
Current Status of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome(AIDS) in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahasan HAM Nazmul , Hossain Homayra Tahseen , Reza Ishrat Binte
Published: June 2018

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36(3): 118-122
Utero-cutaneous Fistula after Caesarean Section
Authors: Alam Irin Parveen
Published: June 2018

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36(3): 132-134
From the Desk of Editor in Chief Vol.36(3)
Authors: Islam Ferdousi
Published: June 2018

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36(3): 136
Wine Marketing: Consumer Persuasion through the Region of Origin
Authors: Latusi Sabrina , Zerbini Cristina , Maestripieri Silvia , Luceri Beatrice
Published: June 2018

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the communication of the region of origin – through either pictorial or pictorial-textual formats – in print advertising messages for wine bearing a GI label. An experimental design was used to manipulate the region of origin presentation in print advertisement (absent vs pictorial vs pictorial-textual) while measuring participants’ attitude towards advertisement and purchase intention (dependent variables). Results provide empirical support to the appropriateness of highlighting the geographical area, by combining textual-pictorial cues, to induce a positive attitude towards advertisement and purchase intention in wine consumers. The study makes a new theoretical contribution in the field of communication about wine bearing a GI label, since the persuasive effect of the geographical area has not been systematically tested in an advertising context. Although the wine’s place of origin is its signature to many consumers, there is no strong evidence on the effectiveness of conveying the values of such a place through its picture and/or name. For marketing practitioners, the study highlights the opportunity to use extrinsic advertising cues that leverage intangible wine values combining pictorial-textual formats.
Neurocognitive Effects of Agomelatine Treatment in Schizophrenia Patients Suffering From Comorbid Depression
Authors: Englisch Susanne , Jung Hanna Sophie , Eisenacher Sarah , Lewien Antje , Becker Anna , Nowak Ulrike , Braun Hanna , Thiem Jascha , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Zink Mathias
Published: June 2018

Background

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is highly disabling and remains one of the major therapeutic challenges. Agomelatine (AGO), an agonist at melatonergic MT1/MT2 receptors and antagonist at 5-HT2C receptors, increases dopamine and norepinephrine in the prefrontal cortex and may therefore have the potential of improving neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods

Twenty-seven patients with schizophrenia and comorbid depression were treated with AGO in addition to stable doses of antipsychotic drugs. Cognitive abilities were assessed with the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) at study entry and after 12 weeks of AGO treatment after the intention-to-treat principle.

Results

We observed statistically significant yet clinically negligible increases of the MCCB composite score and the reasoning/problem solving subscore. Patients with unimpaired sleep at baseline showed greater improvements over time than those with sleep disturbances. Changes on the MCCB were not correlated with other psychometric variables.

Conclusions

Despite statistically significant, cognitive improvements after 12 weeks of AGO treatment were clinically irrelevant. Our findings may be limited by baseline properties of the study sample and the study design. In particular, lacking a control group, it cannot be ruled out that improvements were unrelated to AGO treatment. That is why randomized controlled trials are needed to validate the relevance of AGO as a cognitive enhancer in schizophrenia.
Mechanisms of gene death in the Red Queen race revealed by the analysis ofde novomicroRNAs
Authors: Lu Guang-An , Zhao Yixin , Lan Ao , Liufu Zhongqi , Wen Haijun , Tang Tian , Xu Jin , Wu Chung-I
Published: June 2018

The prevalence ofde novocoding genes is controversial due to the length and coding constraints. Non-coding genes, especially small ones, are freer to evolvede novoby comparison. The best examples are microRNAs (miRNAs), a large class of regulatory molecules ~22 nt in length. Here, we study 6de novomiRNAs inDrosophilawhich, like most new genes, are testis-specific. We ask how and whyde novogenes die because gene death must be sufficiently frequent to balance the many new births. By knocking out each miRNA gene, we could analyze their contributions to each of the 9 components of male fitness (sperm production, length, competitiveness etc.). To our surprise, the knockout mutants often perform better in some components, and slightly worse in others, than the wildtype. When two of the younger miRNAs are assayed in long-term laboratory populations, their total fitness contributions are found to be essentially zero. These results collectively suggest that adaptivede novogenes die regularly, not due to the loss of functionality, but due to the canceling-out of positive and negative fitness effects, which may be characterized as “quasi-neutrality”. Sincede novogenes often emerge adaptively and become lost later, they reveal ongoing period-specific adaptations, reminiscent of the “Red-Queen” metaphor for long term evolution.
Biquadratic Digital Phase-Compensator Design with Stability-Margin Controllability
Authors: Deng Tian-Bo
Published: June 2018

This paper proposes a novel method for the design of a recursive second-order (biquadratic) all-pass phase compensator with controllable stability margin. The design idea stems from the generalized stability triangle (GST) derived by the author for the second-order biquadratic digital filter. Based on the GST, a parameter-transformation method is proposed on the transformations of the denominator coefficients of the transfer function of the biquadratic phase compensator. The transformations convert the original denominator coefficients to other new parameters, and any values of those new parameters can guarantee that the GST condition is always satisfied. Optimizing the new parameters yields a biquadratic phase compensator that definitely meets a prespecified stability margin. That is, a biquadratic all-pass phase compensator can be designed to have an arbitrarily specified stability margin. This in turn avoids the occurrence that a recursive phase compensator may become unstable in the practical applications. Thus, the resulting biquadratic phase compensator has robust stability, which is extremely important during the practical filtering operations. A design example is given to show the stability margin guarantee as well as the approximation accuracy.
A Variability-Aware Robust Design Methodology for Integrated Circuits by Geometric Programming
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhou Junlong , Chen Li , Sun Jin
Published: June 2018

Process variations have continuously posed significant challenges to the performance and yield of integrated circuits (ICs). The performance modeling and robust optimization method considering process variations has become an important research task in today’s IC design. Aiming at solving the problems of strong nonlinearity and high-dimensional problems in circuit design, this paper proposes a general robust optimization method for ICs by geometric programming. This method first employs regularization sparse models to model a specific performance metric as a posynomial function in terms of design parameters, in order to reduce parameter space dimensionality and to accurately capture the nonlinear relationship between performance perturbations and process variations. Based on the posynomial performance models, this method further uses an uncertainty set to represent the uncertainties of process variations, and formulates the problem of robust optimization under process variations as a general geometric programming model that can be efficiently solved. Experimental results demonstrate that, the proposed method not only enhances the accuracy and efficiency of circuit performance modeling, but also improves the performance yield significantly compared with traditional circuit design methods.
An Efficient Partitioning Algorithm Based on Hypergraph for 3D Network-On-Chip Architecture Floorplanning
Authors: Tan Junyan , Cai Chunhua
Published: June 2018

Network-on-Chip (NoC) supplies a scalable and fast interconnect for the communication between the different IP cores in the System-on-Chip (SoC). With the growing complexity in consumer embedded systems, the emerging SoC architectures integrate more and more components for the different signal processing tasks. Two dimensional Network-on-Chip (2D NoC) becomes a bottleneck for the development of the SoC architecture because of its limitation on the area of chip and the long latency. In this case, SoC research is forcing on the exploration of three dimensions (3D) technology for developing the next generation of large SoC which integrates three dimensional Network-on-Chip (3D NoC) for the communication architecture. 3D design technology resolves the vertical inter-layer connection issue by Through-Silicon Vias (TSVs). However, TSVs occupy significant silicon area which limits the inter-layer links of the 3D NoC. Therefore, the task partitioning on 3D NoC must be judicious in large SoC design. In this paper, we propose an efficient layer-aware partitioning algorithm based on hypergraph (named ELAP-NoC) for the task partitioning with TSV minimization for 3D NoC architecture floorplanning. ELAP-NoC contains divergence stage and convergence stage. ELAP-NoC supplies firstly a multi-way min-cut partitioning to gradually divide a given design layer by layer in the divergence stage in order to get an initial solution, then this solution is refined in convergence stage. The experiments show that ELAP-NoC performs a better capacity in the partitioning of the different numbers of cores which supplies the first step for the 3D NoC floorplanning.
Practical Reliability Analysis and Approximate Design of Arithmetic Circuits
Authors: Xu Xingjian , Ban Tian , Li Yuehua
Published: June 2018

Critical constituent gates are first detected and graded based on their individual impact of an error in the outputs. This brings in the idea of practical reliability analysis metric. Then, the approximation of arithmetic circuits by random logic applied to least significant gates is introduced. The 74283 fast adder is used as an example to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed methods. Simulation results show the potential efficient application of the proposed reliability analysis metric and approximation method.
That awkward ‘Moment’: Doctor Who and weapons of mass destruction
Authors: Jones Craig Owen
Published: June 2018

Drawing on the ideas of Jonathan Schell with reference to the proliferation of nuclear weapons as articulated in The Fate of the Earth (1982) and The Abolition (1984), this article will explore the representations of weapons of mass destruction alluded to in the Doctor Who (1963–89, 1996, 2005–present) episode ‘The Day of the Doctor’ (2013). It is argued that, whereas violations of the long-standing moratorium against changing history first articulated in the 1960s have been couched in apologetic terms, the comparative lack of a similar apologia in the case of the ‘forbidden weapons’ reflects changing attitudes towards the moral absolutism encapsulated by Schell’s thesis, itself largely a product of the current febrile state of discourse over the future of warfare.
Worlds turned back to front: The politics of the mirror universe in Doctor Who and Star Trek
Authors: Byrne Aidan , Jones Mark
Published: June 2018

This article takes two prominent science fiction TV series’ uses of the ‘mirror universe’ trope and argues that their differing treatments of the individual and his or her relationship to authority and the social order reflect cultural, social and political conditions derived from their specifically American and British historical, political and social contexts. The mirror universes device allows the programmes’ creators to explicitly identify undesirable modes of social organisation – an imperialist version of Star Trek’s (original run 1966–69) Federation and a totalitarian republic in Doctor Who (1963–89, 1996, 2005–present) – while inviting audiences to interrogate the social orders presented as normative in the previously established fictional prime universes. Star Trek’s ‘Mirror, Mirror’ (1967) incorporates a moral dilemma that is left unresolved by the end of the episode, leaving the audience to question the hidden operations and assumptions of the apparently benign Federation: in Doctor Who’s ‘Inferno’ (1970), pragmatic solutions to social and political problems are informed by Cold War Britain’s reluctance to adopt totalizing political positions that override the rights and responsibilities of individuals. Both shows ultimately demonstrate, through the dramatization of totalitarian social orders, that while a political philosophy is a welcome thing, individual conceptions of justice and fairness are the only guarantors of a stable society.
The application of Circumstance Abuse Doctrine (Misbruik Van Omstandigheden) on Judicial Practice in Indonesia
Authors: HERNOKO Agus Yudha , ANAND Ghansam
Published: June 2018

This study analyzed the abuse of circumstances as a factor that delimits the freedom of making a contract associated with the onset of the contract, not because of the casue which is not allowed. The abuse of circumstance is not only related to the content of a contract, but rather related to what had happened at the time of the inception of the contract as one of the parties feels constrained to determine their will in a contract. It concerns on the circumstances that contribute to onset of the contract (i.e., taking benefit from other’s circumstance does not cause the content or intent of a contract be not permissible, rather, it may cause the missused will be restricted). The abuse of circumstances may happen due to one’s superiority over another party. The superiority is not only economic in nature, but also psychological, or both. Misusing such superiority may cause circumstance abuse. It is due to inequality of bargaining power that the weak cannot avoid from, while the stronger party abuses the circumstance by imposing the contents of the contract that leads to the inequal advantages for both parties. In Indonesia, the abuse of circumstances is often used as a cause to abrogate a contract due to the defect of will, although it is not yet regulated in legislation but rather derived from a legal construction recognized by the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court. It is definitely differenct from Netherlands that has regulated its misbruik van omstandigheden in article 3:44 lid 1 Nieuw Burgerlijk Wetboek.
The Impact of Corruption on the Institutions of Political Power in the Republic of Kazakhstan: The Cratological Context and Law Enforcement Activities
Authors: SALKEBAYEV Talgat Smagulovich
Published: June 2018

Since the Republic of Kazakhstan gained its sovereignty in the law enforcement system, a number of large-scale reforms have been carried out, state programs have been approved and implemented, a full-scale recertification of employees of all law enforcement agencies, and a regulatory base have been updated through the adoption of special laws on law enforcement and internal affairs bodies. However, despite all the above circumstances, the level of corruption in the internal affairs bodies is still high.

Obviously, there is a whole complex of latent reasons for this situation and the author denotes the contours of their scientific research. The most difficult direction, which the author singled out, should be recognized as a change in approaches to the formation of a strategy for combating corruption. This article suggests a preliminary analytical description of the impact of corruption on political institutions in terms of cratology and the most significant aspects of regulation.
Alterations in gait velocity and grip strength of stroke survivors following a 12-week structured therapeutic exercise programme
Authors: Adebisi Hammed I. , Monikhe Adodo S. , Okey Agwubike E.
Published: June 2018

Study aim: This study investigated the alterations in gait velocity and grip strength of stroke survivors following a structured therapeutic exercise programme (STEP). Material and methods: This was a pre-test, post-test experimental study of the effectiveness of a 12-week STEP on gait veloc­ity and grip strength of stroke survivors. A total of 30 hemiparetic stroke survivors participated in the study. The instrument for this study was an adaptation of a training protocol for the training and assessment of gait velocity and grip strength. The participants underwent a 12-week STEP of a frequency of 3 times per week and the training programme focused on exercises aimed at improving the gait velocity and grip strength of the participants. The gait velocity and grip strength were measured before and after the training. Data generated were analysed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation to sum­marize the profile of the participants. The analysis of variance for repeated measures (ANOVA) was used to test the hypotheses. Statistical significance was accepted for a p value of <0.05. Results: The outcome of this study showed that the STEP had significant (p < 0.05) effects on the gait velocity and grip strength of stroke survivors. Meanwhile, there was no significant (p > 0.05) effect of haemorrhagic and ischaemic groups of stroke sur­vivors on gait velocity and grip strength.

Conclusion: It was therefore concluded that the use of the STEP can substantially improve the gait velocity and grip strength of stroke survivors.
Социальная справедливость в здравоохранении: опыт и оценки россиян
Authors: Савельева Жанна Владимировна , Мухарямова Лайсан Музиповна , Кузнецова Ирина Борисовна
Published: June 2018

Жанна Владимировна Савельева – доктор социологических наук, доцент, кафедра истории, философии и социологии, Казанский государственный медицинский университет. Адрес: 420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49. E-mail: gedier@mail.ru

Лайсан Музиповна Мухарямова – доктор политических наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой истории, философии и социологии, Казанский государственный медицинский университет. Адрес: 420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49. E-mail: l.mukharyamova@yandex.ru

Ирина Борисовна Кузнецова – кандидат социологических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник, Школа географии, Земли и наук об окружающей среде, Университет Бирмингема; доцент кафедры истории, философии и социологии, Казанский государственный медицинский университет. E-mail: i.kuznetsova@bham.ac.uk

Цитирование: Савельева Ж.В., Мухарямова Л.М., Кузнецова И.Б. (2018) Социальная справедливость в здравоохранении: опыт и оценки россиян // Мир России. Т. 27. № 3. С. 154–179. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2018-27-3-154-179

 

В статье проанализированы оценки экспертов и мнение населения о справедливости российского здравоохранения. Проблема актуализируется в свете постсоциалистических трансформаций, снижения расходов на здравоохранение, неблагоприятных показателей здоровья россиян и обращает к научным дискуссиям в отношении трактовки равенства в сфере здоровья, соотношения прав, возможностей и равенства результатов, ответственности субъекта за здоровье, принципов распределения благ здравоохранения. Эмпирической базой работы являются результаты интервью с экспертами в области организации здравоохранения, пациентами и массового опроса населения двух республик: Татарстан и Марий Эл (2016–2017 гг.).

Результаты исследования выявили следующие проблемы: территориальные программы госгарантий и объемов медицинской помощи приводят к неравенству в доступе к здоровью как на межрегиональном уровне, так и между жителями городских и сельских территорий; своевременная диагностика и лечение малодоступны, прежде всего для пожилых и малообеспеченных граждан. Вопрос о справедливости здравоохранения в России вызвал затруднения у трети респондентов, мнения остальных разделились примерно поровну; вместе с тем значительная доля населения в последние годы видит улучшение качества здравоохранения своего региона либо оценивает ситуацию как сбалансированную; большинство опрошенных жителей разделяют идеи дистрибутивного понимания справедливости в здоровье, отвергая рыночные принципы платежей и идеи сопряжения меры ответственности за здоровье и инициативы оплаты медуслуг неработающим населением; лучшими средствами борьбы с несправедливостью в здравоохранении население считает увеличение расходов на здравоохранение, борьбу с коррупцией в высших эшелонах власти и повышение доступности бесплатных медицинских услуг. Исследование показало, что положение дел в российском здравоохранении имеет институционально закрепленные механизмы, препятствующие осуществлению справедливых принципов равных возможностей в отношении здоровья.
Ischemic stroke due to minor head trauma in a child: a case report
Authors: Eraybar Suna , Katı Yalçın , Atmaca Serhat , Torun Gökhan , Nennicioğlu Yasemin
Published: June 2018

Head
trauma usually causes hemorrhage, but in children ischemia of basal ganglia may
develop. Traumatic stroke occasionally develops after dissection of brain
vessels, leading to disseminated cerebral embolism. Stretching forces in
cerebral intraparenchymal arteries can cause vascular damage followed by an
occluding thrombus. An 18-month-old girl presented to our emergency department
with the complaint of head trauma after falling down while playing. Her parents
recognized the weakness of her left site extremity after 6 hours after the
event. After initial physical examination and further imaging studies brain
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an infarct affecting the caudate
nucleus in the right cerebral hemisphere. In childhood, ischemic stroke due to
mild head trauma is an exceedingly rare event and may be overlooked in
emergency medicine practice. We aimed to emphasize that mild head trauma may
cause critical situations such as acute infarct in children.
Effect of sowing date and different intercropping patterns on yield and yield components of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Torkaman Mohammad , Mirshekari Bahram , Farahvash Farhad , Yarnia Mehrdad , Jafari Ali Ashraf
Published: June 2018

In order to evaluate the effect of sowing date and planting pattern on yield and qualitative parameters of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in intercropping, a split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with four replications, in Hamedan, Iran, during 2014-15. The rapeseed seeds were sown on 21st September. Chickpea was sown on four sowing dates as the main factor (21 September, 10 October, 30 October and 20 November) with 20 days interval. The sub-factor was the planting pattern by replacement series including 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 chickpea-rapeseed mixtures, respectively. Based on the results obtained, among chickpea sowing dates, the first and the last dates had the lowest and highest above-ground biomass and grain yield, respectively. During the late sowing date of chickpea (20 November) the field temperature was colder than the earlier dates, and therefore the freezing temperatures did not allow the seeds to germinate. However, no damage happened to seedlings with the earlier sowing dates. The highest yield was observed in sole cropping for both crops. In contrast, the highest values of land equivalent ratio were obtained in intercropping system. The highest value for land equivalent ratio was calculated as 1.23 in intercropping of 50% chickpea + 50% rapeseed.