bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLIMATE CHANGE AND BIODIVERSITY IN NARAYANI RIVER ECOSYSTEM AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
Authors: Yadav Prem , Kumar Prashant
Published: January 2024

The global climate change results from the rise in greenhouse emission within the atmosphere through anthropogenic activities. Thedissolution of carbon dioxide is much more compared to the other gases within the river water change affects changes with warming. The climate change and temperature increase have shared to indicate negative impacts on all aquatic organisms. Thus, it is needful to manage greenhouse discharge in atmosphere for safe ecosystem with biodiversity.
SOME PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST ANTHRACNOSE INFECTION IN PAPAYA (Carica papaya)
Authors: Kumari Dimpal
Published: January 2024

Wherever the papaya is grown, the foremost post-harvest disease is Anthracnose through Colletotrichum gloeosporioidesinfection. The current research was conducted to evaluating plant extracts activity against to manage infection in hold on fruit in eachlaboratory and field conditions. Plant specimens were collected from native area. The wood alcohal extract of Echinops sp. of 10 ¼L from the concentration of 50 mg/ml resulted within the highest inhibition zone of 13.5 mm against mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides. Spore germination of C. gloeosporioides was reduced by 97.6%, 96.8% and 96.2% over the management by extracts of Echinops sp., Thymus serrulatus and Ocimum lamifolium, severally. Among four botanicals evaluated in vivo as 10% and 25% binarycompound extracts, Echinops sp. at 25% concentration showed disease severity score at 1.3 out of 5 and maintained quality of papaya fruit throughout 14 days experimental period. Further study is critical on sensory analysis and developing botanicals as natural fungicides.
IMPACTS OF MALATHION ON BIO-CHEMICAL CHANGES IN FRESHWATER FISH CHANNA PUNCTATUS UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors: Yadav Nagendra Kumar
Published: January 2024

The fresh water fish Channa punctatus was exposed to malathion in the laboratory to study its toxicity. The acute toxicity tests were conducted during certain intervals in various concentrations of malathion. The physical and chemical analyses of water were carriedout by following APHA methods. The lethal and sub-lethal concentration of malathion were found to be LC100 (25 mg/L) and LC0 (5 mg/L), respectively. The antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver, muscle and gill, respectively increased during the accumulation of malathion, whereas it decreased respectively during depuration period. The effects of malathion resulted in the gradual decrease ofnucleic acids, protein, free amino acids (FAA) and glycogen. Duringrecovery period, the levels of biochemical components  progressively increased indicating a probable recovery from the disruption of internal organ. Hence, the pesticide intoxication has made defective consequences in the normal metabolic pathways which led increasing the rate of mortality in fish population.
EFFECT OF FUNGAL INFECTIONS ON NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF PAPAYA FRUITS
Authors: Kumari Dimpal
Published: January 2024

The nutritional value of fruits chiefly depends on the quality & quantity of nutritive substances. Various fungi give rise rots in fruitsof papaya. The fungi are very selective in their nutritional requirements. They either colonize on fruit surface or breaks enrichedcomplex nutrients. In this study, five fungus were isolated from papaya which are responsive to great loss in nutrients especially proteins and carotenoids. Also, sugar content reduced, while quantity of simple sugars is interestingly increased during fungal infection.
ECOLOGICAL STATUS AND PERFORMANCE THROUGH POND ECOSYSTEM WITH PERSPECTIVES FOR FUTURE CONSERVATION
Authors: Priyadarshini Nilam , Kumar Prashant
Published: January 2024

Ponds perform diverse roles within the biosphere as an integral component of the hydrological system. However, studies on pond ecosystems are often neglected due to its present aquaculture potential. There are only very limited research work and no reviewon pond ecology in India. There is lack of government initiative on pond conservation in Indian context, therefore, an attempt has been made in this review paper to evaluate the ecological status and ecosystem functioning of ponds affected with pollution andencroachment with perspectives of conservation in future
ECOLOGICAL SCREENING OF SHATIYA WETLAND IN RELATION TO AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Jha Amrendra
Published: January 2024

Wetlands are such natural habitats that performing valuable ecosystem services such as flood protection, water quality enhancement, food chain support and carbon sequestration. The wetlands may be extensively used without resolving drastic conditions and without chemicals might results in crop production with other wetland services with intact biodiversity. This paper related to ecological screening of Shatiya wetland with the scope of its perspective use and sustainability of crop production. It also provide insight about recent anthropogenic disturbances which will lead sequential pressure to reclaim and loss of natural existing crop fields and the increasing cultivation of energy crops.
POND EUTROPHICATION AND FOOD TYPE AS DETERMINANT OF GROWTH AND SURVIVAL IN Clarias batrachus (LINN.)
Authors: Sanu Kumar , Jawaid Equabal
Published: January 2024

There was a significant different (P<0.05) in weight gain and total length increase for treatments with the control condition. The resultof this study has show variation in water parameters, but diet I the richest nutrients gave rise to the best growth and sizeincrement. Fish mortality was nil for diet I, 30.0% for diet II and 60% for diet III. Diet I was the cheapest, hence its usage may be encouraged
HYDROBIOLOGY AND PHYTOPLANKTON POPULATION IN CERTAIN PONDS OF NORTH BIHAR
Authors: Kumari Sony , Kumar Prashant
Published: January 2024

The hydrobiological parameters influencing indirectly to the trophic composition in any water reservoirs. A hydrobiological studyconducted in three ponds in Gopalganj district of Bihar showed that water parameters are within the permissible level in water quality standard for fishery. The water quality parameters were estimated by standard methods. The micronutrients showed higher iron content in most of the ponds. This study concludes aquaculture potential in ponds and its conservation is essential.
STUDY ON DIVERSITY OF RICE FIELD BLUE-GREEN ALGAE FROM RICE FIELD OF CHAPRA IN BIHAR
Authors: Kumari Sachi , Jha Amrendra Kumar
Published: January 2024

The blue-green algae are primitive but the fortunate and sustained organism during the course of evolution. They are emerging candidates for efficient conversion of solar energy into chemical energy. The cyanophyte system in rice field produces oxygen as a by-product and agricultural practices in such fields produces biomass to decrease carbon dioxide and accomplishnitrogen fixation. The blue-green algal diversity was investigated in local rice fields through soil samples from sites having spatio-temporal differences during the study period. The study revealed 17 genera and 21 species of blue-green algae population as a major nutritive material in rice fields.
CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS ON AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM: STRUCTURE AND DISEASE
Authors: Saurabh Suman , Kumar Prashant
Published: January 2024

Climate change is projected to cause significant alterations to aquatic biogeochemical processes, (including carbon dynamics), aquatic food web structure, dynamics and biodiversity, primary and secondary production; and, affect the range, distribution and habitat quality/quantity of aquatic. Nutrient and carbon enrichment will enhance nutrient cycling and productivity, and alter the generation and consumption of carbon-based trace gases. Consequently, the status of aquatic ecosystems as carbon sinks or sources is very likely to change. The magnitude, extent, and duration of the impacts and responses will be system and location-dependent
EFFECT OF FURADAN ON HAEMATOLOGY OF Channa punctatus (BLOCH) IN CULTURE MEDIUM UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors: . Tulika
Published: January 2024

Haematological studies of Channa punctatus of local reservoirs in Siwan district within the present study includes the erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and haematocrit value or packed cell volume of blood and subsequently absolute values of MCV, MCH and MCHC were also calculated by the respective formulae. The key effects of butachlor on blood parameters are concerned with total RBC count, their size and differential count of WBC. The importance of this study is worried with pesticide pollution of paddy field  area and therefore the effect of butachlor on the hematological profile of the exotic carp, Channa punctatus.
STABILITY IN THE EQUILIBRIUM POSITION OF AN EXTENSIBLE CABLE-CONNECTED TWO SATELLITE SYSTEM UNDER PERTURBATIVE FORCE IN CIRCULAR ORBIT
Authors: Tiwari Arvind Kumar
Published: January 2024

One stable position of equilibrium must exist for a system of two satellites connected by extensible string whether perturbative forcesact on it or not. In this paper we have obtained an equilibrium point for the system when perturbative force like air resistance acts on it and has  been shown to be stable in the sense of Liapunov.
MARCR: Method of allocating resources based on cost of the resources in a heterogeneous cloud environment
Authors: Edavalath Sheena , Sundaram Manikandasaran S.
Published: January 2024

The cloud is an intelligent technology that provides requested services to users. It offers unlimited services for the users. Many small and medium-scale industries are startup their businesses to the next level using cloud computing. The services have been provided to the users by allocating the requested resources. Allocating resources without waste and with the finest allocation is a critical task in the cloud. This paper proposes a method for allocating resources using the cost of the resource. Resource allocation follows a priority system when allocating resources. The proposed method gives priority to low-cost resources. The cost denotes the service cost of the resource. The requested resource is assigned to the user by the CSP, who provides the specific resource at a low cost. This proposed method suggests a UHRAM for collecting and allocating the resources from the different CSPs. UHRAM is a centralized hub for delivering requested resources to users, and it maintains a repository of details about the resources from all CSPs in the heterogeneous cloud. The proposed method is implemented with the user’s data. The results from the comparison show that the proposed cost-based resource allocation method is more efficient than existing methods.
Tracking and control of power oscillation dampings in transmission lines using PV STATCOM
Authors: Balasubramanian Muthuvel , Rao Jonnakuti V. G. Rama , Sanaboina Surya C. P. R. , Venkatesh Vavilala , Sanaboina Amalodbhavi
Published: January 2024

This paper proposed a new control of PV solar system as a FACTS device STATCOM, called PV-STATCOM, for power oscillation damping (POD) in transmission systems. In this proposed control, as soon as power oscillations due to a system disturbance are detected, the solar farm briefly discontinues its real power generation function and makes its entire inverter capacity available to operate as a STATCOM for POD. As soon as power oscillations are damped, the solar farm restores real power output to its pre-disturbance level while keeping the damping function activated. This results in much faster restoration than that specified in grid codes. During the nighttime, the solar farm performs POD with its entire inverter capacity. The proposed control system provides a significant increase in power transfer capacity on a 24/7 basis in systems that exhibit both local inertial and inter-area oscillatory modes. The developed PV-STATCOM is about 50–100 times cheaper than an equivalent STATCOM for providing POD at the same location. This new control method provides more savings for transmission utilities and opens up a new revenue-making opportunity for solar farms
A TLBO algorithm-based optimal sizing in a standalone hybrid renewable energy system
Authors: Rao Jonnakuti V. G. Rama , Balasubramanian Muthuvel , Gangabhavani Chaladi S. , Devi Mutyala A. , Devi Kona D.
Published: January 2024

Depletion of fossil fuels, increase in fuel prices, and global warming have motivated the utilization of renewable energy resources like solar and wind, as they are eco-friendly. Due to the stochastic nature of PV and wind, using a single energy source is not reliable and uneconomical as it results in system over-sizing. Integration of renewable sources such as PV and wind can significantly increase energy reliability compared to single-source systems. PV and wind hybrid systems are economically advantageous in isolated areas for providing continuous and quality power due to their inherent complementary characteristics and availability in most areas. Utilizing grid-tied renewable energy resources is also economical and reliable to overcome power outages in remote areas. This study proposes a TLBO algorithm for optimal design and sizing of HRES in both standalone and grid-connected modes due to its simplicity and fewer parameters to adjust. The objective of the optimization problem in standalone, as well as the grid-connected mode, is to minimize the LCE and maximize the system reliability and renewable energy integration while satisfying the system constraints and load demand. The number of PV panels, wind turbines, and batteries is taken as decision variables optimally determined by the proposed optimization algorithm. The simulations are carried out in MATLAB software. The effectiveness of TLBO in designing and sizing the hybrid system is investigated, and its performance is compared with other well-known optimization algorithms PSO; the TLBO provides the best optimal solution, better performance, and faster convergence speed compared to different algorithms
Precision agriculture predictive modeling and sensor analysis for enhanced crop monitoring
Authors: Shukla Arvind K , V Balaji , R Dharani , Ananthi M , Padmavathy R , Srinivas Romala V.
Published: January 2024

This research investigated the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in precision agriculture and crop monitoring through a two-fold research methodology. A simulated dataset was generated, mirroring real-world IoT sensor readings of soil temperature, salinity level, soil moisture, and conductivity. Employing the Pandas and Matplotlib libraries in Python facilitated exploratory data analysis, including time series analysis through line plots to illustrate temporal variations in these critical parameters. The study then explored the evaluation of predictive models for soil moisture levels, extending the dataset to include simulated predicted values. Performance metrics such as Mean Squared Error (MSE) and R-squared (R2) were computed using the sci-kit-learn library, providing a comprehensive evaluative framework. Visual representations of actual versus predicted soil moisture levels, accompanied by the analysis of residuals, offered nuanced insights into the model’s efficacy. The results highlight dynamic variations in soil temperature, salinity, soil moisture, and conductivity, emphasizing the importance of continuous monitoring in precision agriculture. Fluctuations observed in these parameters are attributed to climatic conditions, agricultural practices, and soil properties. The study contributes valuable insights for stakeholders, emphasizing the significance of IoT technologies in providing actionable data for sustainable and adaptive farming practices. The visual representations offer practical tools for decision-making, while the performance evaluation of predictive models enhances the reliability of data-driven approaches in agriculture. The findings presented herein contribute to the ongoing discourse on precision agriculture, emphasizing the role of accurate predictions for efficient resource utilization and improved crop yield.
Investigating environmental sustainability applications using advanced monitoring systems
Authors: Sreenivasulu K , Yadav Sameer , Pushpalatha G , Sethumadhavan R , Ingle Anup , Vijaya Romala
Published: January 2024

This study employs an Internet of Things (IoT)-based simulation to investigate environmental parameters critical to sustainability and public health. Over a 10-hour period, temporal variations in air quality parameters, including carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and particulate matter (PM2.5), were monitored. CO2 levels exhibited a decline from 400 ppm to 375 ppm, suggesting improvements in ventilation and reduced emissions. NO2 levels consistently decreased from 25 to 22 ppm, indicative of effective emissions control measures, while PM2.5 levels increased from 10 to 25 μg/m³, possibly influenced by transient factors. Water quality monitoring revealed fluctuations in dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (8.20–8.80 mg/L) and pH levels (7.00–7.35) over 10 hours, emphasizing the dynamic nature of aquatic ecosystems. Soil moisture levels stood at 29.48%, and energy consumption was recorded at 270 units, highlighting the importance of resource-efficient management. The significance of IoT-enabled monitoring in tracking and responding to environmental parameter changes, contributing to environmental sustainability and public health. Continuous data collection empowers stakeholders to make informed decisions for improved air and water quality, sustainable agriculture, and energy efficiency. Further research aims to enhance simulation realism and validate findings against real-world IoT deployments
Prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a general population of North Karnataka
Authors: Desai Geeta S , Hajare Santosh , Kharde Sangeeta
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the general population of North Karnataka. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in the city of Belagavi, where in total of 730 subjects were included. The subjects were screened for the presence of liver disease with a detailed history, anthropometric measurements, and blood tests including liver function tests, lipid profile, and blood sugars, liver stiffness was measured by using the fibroscan. Out of 730 subjects, 228 (31.23%) had significant fibrosis suggestive of NASH on fibroscan. Of these 138 (60.52%) were males and 90(39.47%) were females. Of the total number of subjects having NASH 52 (22.80%) were diabetics and 64 (28.07%) were hypertensive. The study also revealed as the body mass index (BMI) increases the proportion of subjects with abnormal liver enzymes and significant liver fibrosis increased proportionately suggestive of NASH. Also, a small number of subjects (22.6%) with low or normal BMI had features suggestive of lean NASH. The incidence of NASH in the general population of North Karnataka is 31.23% This high incidence could be due to the prevailing growing epidemic of diabetes mellitus and obesity in the community.
Health-seeking behavior of first-time mothers toward pregnancy
Authors: Jamir Arenlila , Kharde Sangeeta , Dalal Anita
Published: January 2024

This study was done to evaluate the health behaviors of first-time mothers during pregnancy. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 first-time expectant mothers who attended the antenatal OPD. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to recruit the participants. The participants then completed a survey that captured their socio-demographic information and health practices during pregnancy using self-rated abilities for health practices (SRAHP) scale. SPSS software was used to analyze the data, using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and chi-square test. Around 75% had poor adherence to health practices during pregnancy, while about a quarter (25%) showed average practices, and none demonstrated good health practices. Though they had low levels of health practices overall, participants had better nutritional practices, followed by psychological well-being and responsible health practices. Whereas, incorporating exercise into their daily routine was relatively lower. The study also identified significant associations between health practices and demographic variables such as the mother’s age, educational background, occupation, and family income at p <0.001. The study highlights poor adherence to health practices of expectant mothers. Therefore, promoting healthy practices during pregnancy through effective education and counseling strategies is strongly advised to raise awareness and enhance overall well-being.
Effects of bended NPSB fertilizer rates and varieties on growth and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Gummer district, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Sisay1 Birhanu T , Agerchu Jadu K. , Nuraga Gizachew W.
Published: January 2024

Garlic is grown by farmers using locally available low yielder traditional cultivars with little or no fertilizer input, which results in a low yield in the study area. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the responses of garlic varieties to different rates of NPSB. Garlic varieties (Kuriftu, HL (Holeta), Tseday, and ‘Tuma’) and four levels of NPSB fertilizer rates were arranged in 4X4 factorial and RCBD design was used in three replications. The interaction between fertilizer and variety had a significant effect on plant height, leaf number, and nearly all yield and yield-related parameters. The highest total bulb yield was obtained from variety Kuriftu (8.81 t ha ̄ ˡ) at the N: P2O5: S: B rate of 46.1:91.9:16.9:0.2kg ha ̄ ˡ. The maximum plant height (74.17cm) was recorded from variety HL at 46.1:91.9:16.9:0.2 kg/ha N: P2O5: S: B and the highest number of garlic leaves (10.33) was obtained from variety Kuriftu, which received the highest N: P2O5: S: B at rate of 65:129.7:23.9:0.3 kg/ha. The highest and statistically significant bulb weight was recorded equally from varieties Kuriftu, Tsedey, and HL (43.42g, 42.77g, and 41.92g, respectively). Statistically similar and highest marketable bulb yields (8.14 t ha ̄ ˡ and 7.36t/ha) and total bulb yields (8.81 t ha ̄ ˡ and 8 t ha ̄ ˡ) was recorded from variety Kuriftu interacted with 46.1:91.9:16.9:0.2 kg ha-1 and 65:129.7:23.9:0.3 kg/ha, respectively. Thus, the combined applications of 46.1:91.9:16.9:0.2 kg ha-1 NPSB and variety Kuriftu can be provisionally recommended for garlic producers in Gummer district.
The role of agricultural marketing in the formation of export potential in the post-conflict region of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors: Heydar Mahmudov E. , Aliyev S. Shakir  , Camal Abbasova S. , Adalat Nadirkhanova D , Bakir Museyibli E , Shixi Huseynova G
Published: January 2024

International relations play a significant role in shaping the economic, social, and political landscape of our world. One of the primary importance of international relations is its ability to facilitate international trade and investment, promoting economic growth and development. Countries often engage in trade and investment with one another to gain access to new markets, resources, and technologies. These economic exchanges can lead to economic growth, creating jobs, and elevating the living standards of people worldwide. International relations also provide an opportunity for countries to address global problems such as climate change, terrorism, and public health crises. Through international cooperation and coordination, countries can pool their resources, experiences, and knowledge to effectively address these complex problems. International relations are crucial for promoting economic growth, addressing global challenges, and fostering cultural exchange and understanding (Hasanov, 2009).
Isolation and molecular characterization of microbial isolates from Saryu river water
Authors: Maurya Sadanand , Tripathi Manikant , Tiwari Karunesh K. , Shukla Awadhesh K.
Published: January 2024

This study was aimed to investigate molecular characterization of microbial isolates likes bacteria, fungi using culture dependent approach and analyse the phylogenetic relationship between the isolates. The identification of bacteria and fungi was confirmed by DNA sequencing by PCR amplification using 16S rRNA and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) genes, respectively. The DNA sequences of bacterial and fungal isolates were identified using Nucleotide Basic Alignment Search Tools (nBLAST) against the data available in GenBank. On the basis of retrieved DNA sequences from database phylogenetic trees were constructed and phylogenetic relationship among the bacterial and fungal isolates were computed.
Optimization of gluten-free bread using RSM (Design Expert) to study its textural and sensory properties
Authors: S. Manohar  , T. Poongodi Vijayakumar
Published: January 2024

The urgent need for gluten-free bread by Celiac disease patients and gluten-sensitive populations has spawned a new and emerging food industry to provide a substitute bread that is gluten-free. This study aims to provide an effective substitute bread using locally available indigenous crops like Jackfruit Seed and Flour (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) and Mapillai Samba Rice Flour (Bridegroom Oryza sativa L) as the key ingredients. Central Composite Rotatable Design of Response Surface Methodology was applied to study the overall comparative acceptability of the gluten-free bread. By adjusting ratios of the three main ingredients, 20 different composite flour formulations without gluten were used to make gluten-free bread. Textural qualities (hardness and springiness), loaf volume, colour value, and sensory quality were studied to find the best combination of the three key components for the creation of gluten-free bread. Such a viable and desirable product will have commercial implications
Application of support vector classifier for mango leaf disease classification
Authors: G. Deena  , Raja K. , M. Azhagiri  , Breen W.A. , Prema S.
Published: January 2024

In India, Mango is the fruit of high economic and ecological importance as it exports in large quantities. 1000 varieties of mangoes are cultivated and mostly supported commercially. Among all the Indian fruits, mangoes are highly demand. In majority of the Indian region, mango crops are suffering from several diseases that reduce both the production and the quality and parallel reduces its value on the international market. Mangoes are highly affected by number of diseases, which hamper its appearance, taste and has huge impact on the economy the Indian commercial growth rate has not raised. Manually identifying those disease is a complex task and time consuming, since lack of knowledge, poverty, infrastructure and the facilities the identification of the disease in earlier stages are not done by the farmers. In recent years, the plant pathologists apply different techniques to identify the diseases but then again these techniques are time consuming and relatively expensive for mango growers and the solutions proposed are often not very accurate and sometimes biased. The disease has to diagnosed in order to provide solution to the farmers to increase the productivity with high quality. Currently, researchers have proposed several solutions to diagnosis of mango diseases automatically to gain high returns. The use of machine learning algorithms to identify diseases of plants from leaf photos is a very exciting field for advancement and research has carried in the proposed system using Support vector machine. Using non-linear SVC, achieved the accuracy of 88% for the dataset.
Unraveling the effect of salicylic acid on Vigna radiata L. under PEG- induced drought stress
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Sunder S. Arya  , Sawariya Mamta , Kumar Ajay , Yadav Neha , Sharma Jyoti , Mehra Himanshu
Published: January 2024

The experiment was conducted on three mungbean genotypes to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid on PEG (Poly Ethylene Glycol)-induced drought stress. The drought stress imposes serious constraints on the plant growth, development, and yield attributes while the salicylic acid (SA) alleviates the effect of drought in all three genotypes. The highest level of drought (16% PEG induced) stress decreased plant water status, shoot length and root length, fresh weight and dry weight, nodule number and weight, floral bud per plant, number of pods per plant, and seed weight per plant. More negative values of OP (-MPa) were observed in root and nodules of MH 125 at moderate (8% PEG induced drought) level of stress, leaves of MH 215 genotype at highest level of stress. The seeds protein (12.17%), starch (5.45%), seed fiber (25.26%) decreased maximum in the genotype Asha among all the other genotypes while not much difference was reported in the phosphorus content under drought stress as compared to the control. The application of SA exogenously improves all the parameters in all the genotypes but the effect was pronounced more in the genotype MH 125 than other.
Premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls and its influence on academic performance- A cross-sectional study
Authors: Muragod Shubharani , Kharde Sangeeta
Published: January 2024

Premenstrual syndrome is a commonly seen clinical condition with the cyclic occurrence. It shows physical, emotional symptoms, and is known to interfere with activities of daily leaving. Hence this study was undertaken to find the prevalence of PMS among adolescent students and its association with socio-demographic variables and academic performance. A random cluster sampling technique was used to select eight schools of in Belagavi city. A total of 478 adolescent female students were enrolled in the study. Result showed that among 478 adolescent students, (207) 43% of the students had mild symptoms and (191) 40% of them had moderate symptoms of PMS. PMS had a significant association with Age group and the father’s occupation. As per multiple logistic regressions, the chance of developing PMS is more in students of the age group 14 to 15 years, whose mother was illiterate. It is also noted that PMS has more chance of causing poor academic performance in the students. To conclude PMS is one of the most common problems seen in high school students. Regular screening of PMS can identify school girls who can be prevented from suffering and can in turn improve their academic performances.
Efficient I3D-VGG19-based architecture for human activity recognition
Authors: Vaghela Rashmika , Labana Dileep , Modi Kirit
Published: January 2024

Systems for autonomously identifying and analyzing human activities (HAR) make use of video data captured from various devices area requires ongoing updates due to the developing technology and multidisciplinary nature of HAR. Objective of this research is to classify different activity performed by Human using various pretrained models and latest transfer learning methods. Set the hyperparameters values to get accurate classification based on different performance evaluation matrices. In this study, the VGG19 based optimized I3D architecture is proposed. The experimental findings demonstrate that use of optimized VGG19 based I3D model on the UCF-50 dataset has led to an enhancement in the performance of the Human Activity recognition system with accuracy rate of training is 98.24% and testing is 98.36%, surpassing the performance of alternative I3D model using DenseNet121 in direct comparison. This will facilitate the development of applications like Smart Environments, Elderly Care and Assistive Technologies, Healthcare and Wellness and various other domains.
Low power three-stage OTA using reverse nested frequency compensation without nulling resistor
Authors: Vaibhav  , Tiwari Raj K
Published: January 2024

This study introduces a novel reverse nested miller compensated high gain three stage operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) that exhibits lower power consumption and maximum allowable voltage swing. In this context, two amplifiers have been employed. The initial amplifier employs PMOS as the primary amplifying component, with a specified IDD value of 200 A. In the subsequent stages, both the second and third amplifiers are biased to operate at a current level of 2 times IDD. These operations are conducted within a 45 m Cadence Virtuoso environment. The other three-stage amplifier employs PMOS as the primary amplifier, with a bias current (IDD) of 4 μA. In a 90 m Cadence Virtuoso environment, both the second and third stages are biased to operate at a current of 5 times IDD. The primary design criteria introduced in this design approach are gain, phase margin, and power consumption, which are thoroughly stated. The circuits undergo Monte Carlo and corner evaluations, and the findings are deliberated about in the conclusion of the research. In order to attain the greatest allowable voltage swing, these amplifiers are fabricated with VDD values of 500 m and 900 m. The output voltage is set to a constant value of VDD/2.
Biopolymer-based fly ash-activated zeolite for the removal of chromium from acid mine drainage
Authors: B.V.Thacker  , G.P.Vadodaria  , G.V. Priyadarshi  , M.H. Trivedi
Published: January 2024

Acid mine drainage (AMD), acid rock drainage, and fly ash from coal burning in power plants both posses widespread environmental and economic problems for many countries. Various biopolymers like chitosan have been used as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of toxic metals from AMD. The present investigation involves the microwave synthesis of low-cost chitosan biopolymer-based fly ash zeolite (CS@FAZ) adsorbent for the removal of chromium (Cr) from the acidic environment. The compositional and surface morphological characterization were conducted using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDS analysis. The Synthesized adsorbents were used for the removal of Cr (VI) ion under different experimental conditions, including initial concentration (15 to 60 mg L-1), contact time (0 to 180 minutes), dose (0.25 to 4 g L-1), solution pH (2 to 6). The optimum removal was 67.48% at room temperature 27℃, pH 3, concentration 45 mg L-1 and 0.1 g L-1 dose of CS@FZ adsorbent. The field evaluation parameters such as ionic strength and regeneration capacity show the adsorbent’s potential applicability in the remediation of AMD. The kinetics models and adsorption isotherm were determined to be pseudo-second order (R2 > 0.8952) validated with 27.78 mg g-1maximum adsorption capacity and fitted by Freundlichisotherm (R2 > 0.9264). The present low-cost adsorbent can be used for large scale to eliminate the Cr (VI) from the acid mine drainage.
Evaluating the combustion characteristics of methanol-gasoline blends in IC engines
Authors: V.S Hariharan , S Phaneendra
Published: January 2024

This study expresses the core elements associated with the various types of fuels used in vehicles functional in the present day. The exploration of chemicals such as methanol and others have also been conducted in an accurate manner to gain objective insights and outlooks in the study. The social and economic impacts of methanol-gasoline blends in engines can be complex in nature that depend on various factors such as the concentration levels of methanol in the blend, the availability of fuel, and public perception, among others. Further research and analysis as conducted in the study have been useful in understanding the potential impacts of methanol-gasoline blends across global spheres.
Enhancing deep learning model performance in air quality classification through probabilistic hyperparameter tuning with tree-structured parzen estimators
Authors: M. Rajalakshmi  , Sulochana V.
Published: January 2024

The research introduces an innovative approach to enhance deep learning models for air quality classification by integrating tree-structured Parzen estimators (TPE) into the hyperparameter tuning process. It applies this approach to CNN, LSTM, DNN, and DBN models and conducts extensive experiments using an air quality dataset, comparing it with grid search, random search, and genetic algorithm methods. The TPE algorithm consistently outperforms these methods, demonstrating improved classification accuracy and generalization. This approach’s potential extends to enriching water quality classification models, contributing to environmental sustainability and resource management. Bridging deep learning with TPE offers a promising solution for optimized air quality classification, supporting informed environmental preservation efforts.
Towards a better living environment-compressive strength and water absorption testing of mini compressed stabilized earth blocks and fired bricks
Authors: Sapna A.P. Asha , Anbalagan C.
Published: January 2024

The escalating demand for eco-friendly and energy-efficient building materials underscores a pivotal shift towards sustainable development catalyzed by heightened public consciousness. Leveraging community production optimizes local resources and curtails transportation overheads, fostering broader access to superior housing solutions. Emphasizing less-intensive construction techniques enhances material strength, insulation, and thermal attributes while significantly shrinking carbon footprints and waste generation. Particularly vital during crises, these methods invigorate local employment and champion environmental conservation. This study juxtaposes the performance metrics of Mini Compressed Stabilized Earth Blocks (MCSEB) and fire-burned clay bricks, focusing primarily on their compressive strength. The conventional production of fire-burned clay bricks poses notable challenges, especially regarding energy consumption and pollution. Their manufacturing, anchored in coal utilization, directly exacerbates greenhouse gas emissions. Compressed Stabilized Earth Blocks (CSEBs) emerge as a promising alternative in this context. Crafted by pressure on soil, their production eschews the need for coal or other combustibles, resulting in a significantly reduced carbon and energy footprint. When benchmarked against traditional fire-burned bricks, CSEBs, if demonstrating analogous compressive strengths, emerge as a viable replacement. A pivotal element in assessing compressive strength lies in factoring in the specimen’s dimensions, with platen restraint effects as a crucial metric. This research harnesses the platen test to comprehensively compare the compressive strengths of Fire Burnt Clay Bricks and Mini Compressed Stabilized Earth Blocks. This correlation suggests that Mini Compressed Stabilized Earth Blocks, when adjusted for size, can be deemed comparable in strength to Fire fire-burnt clay Bricks, making them a promising sustainable alternative in construction.
Transformative effects of connectivity technologies on urban infrastructure and services in smart cities
Authors: Prince Williams  , Nilesh M. Patil  , Allanki S. Rao  , Chandra M. V. S. Akana  , K. Soujanya  , Aakansha M. Steele
Published: January 2024

The dynamic urban landscapes of smart cities, focusing on four critical dimensions, traffic volume, energy consumption, waste production, and water consumption, spanning from January 2023 to January 2024. Leveraging comprehensive datasets and advanced analytics, the intricate patterns that underlie these urban dynamics and offer insights to inform sustainable urban planning and development. The analysis of traffic volume reveals substantial fluctuations, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of urban transportation. Seasonal variations, economic activities, and technological advancements emerge as pivotal factors influencing traffic patterns. Strategies for optimizing traffic flow and enhancing transportation systems hinge on a nuanced understanding of the what, why, and how of traffic volume dynamics. Energy consumption, another critical facet, exhibits significant variability. The influence of seasonal shifts, economic factors, and technological innovations on energy usage. The exploration of the what, why, and how of energy consumption fluctuations underscores the importance of sustainable energy practices and effective energy management strategies in smart cities. Waste production and water consumption analyses underscore the dynamic nature of waste generation and water usage within smart city contexts. These insights illuminate the need for adaptable waste management and water conservation strategies. Ultimately, this research enhances the understanding of the complexities inherent in smart cities and provides a data-driven foundation for urban planners, policymakers, and researchers to formulate strategies that optimize resource allocation, bolster sustainability, and elevate the urban living experience.
Evaluating dynamics, security, and performance metrics for smart manufacturing
Authors: Lakshmi Priya  , Anil Vasoya  , C. Boopathi  , Muthukumar Marappan
Published: January 2024

The role of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Manufacturing, aimed to illuminate its transformative impact on operational efficiency, responsiveness, and environmental sustainability. The aim of the investigation was to explore IoT's pivotal significance in reshaping manufacturing processes towards heightened efficiency, responsiveness, and environmental consciousness. The study presents results from performance metric assessments, visualizations, and data simulations. It contains information about way IoT data is shown in manufacturing environments, the clear relationship between temperature and pressure, the distribution of security risks and related safety measures, and the dynamic behaviour of important IoT components. The importance of IoT in real-time environmental management, process optimization, and security enhancement within paradigms of smart manufacturing are the key points of observation. The comparative analysis of Conventional Analytical Models and Composite Models highlights the choice between stability and adaptability, providing crucial insights for modeling approaches tailored to distinct manufacturing requirements. IoT's transformative potential within Smart Manufacturing, emphasizing data integrity, security, sensor dynamics, analytics, and sustainability.
Advancing device and network security for enhanced privacy
Authors: K. Sreenivasulu  , Sampath S  , Arepalli Gopi  , Deepak Kartikey  , S. Bharathidasan  , Neelam Labhade Kumar
Published: January 2024

The rapid proliferation of IoT (Internet of Things) devices has ushered in an era of unprecedented connectivity and automation. The widespread adoption has also exposed vulnerabilities, necessitating robust security and privacy measures. This research presents a comprehensive study focused on enhancing IoT device and network security and privacy through empirical investigation and advanced machine learning techniques. Commencing with an exhaustive literature review, it was assessed, the evolving landscape of IoT security threats, solutions, and identified research gaps. Building upon the foundation, it was designed and rigorously evaluated a machine learning-based classification model tailored for IoT device security. Utilizing a meticulously crafted simulated dataset mirroring real-world IoT features, our model undergoes comprehensive performance evaluations. Metrics include accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and ROC analysis. Our findings reveal a nuanced performance profile, shedding light on the model's capability to accurately classify IoT devices as Secure or Vulnerable. Precision-recall trade-offs, emphasizing the need for a judicious balance to mitigate false positives and false negatives was investigated. The critical role of feature engineering and model refinement, pointing to areas for future research and optimization. This research contributes to the burgeoning field of IoT security by employing machine learning as a proactive tool for fortifying IoT device and network security. Our findings advocate for a strategic approach to secure IoT ecosystems, ensuring data integrity and privacy in the face of evolving threats. As IoT devices continue to proliferate across industries, this research serves as a foundation for innovative strategies and ongoing investigations to harness the full potential of secure IoT environments while addressing multifaceted challenges in the ever-evolving IoT landscape.
Energetic and highly reliable photovoltaic power source assisted water pump control system design using IoT
Authors: N.S.G. Ganesh  , V Arulkumar  , R. Lathamanju  , Joy Priscilla
Published: January 2024

The tools used in agriculture are evolving quickly. The advancement of farming technology, farm infrastructure, and manufacturing facilities is ongoing. Numerous photovoltaic (PV) systems may be used in agriculture. These use cases include both standalone installations and larger systems put in place by utilities when they determine that PV technology is the most cost-effective way to meet a specific remote agricultural demand, such water irrigation for fields or cattle. The heart and soul of a solar-powered water pumping system are two solar panels. The solar cell is the smallest component of a photovoltaic panel. Here, we connect the ESP module's outputs to those from sensors installed in the PV panels' controller and water pump. With the use of the GSM module, the main controller unit may show the status of each module, such as whether the motor is on or off, on the administrator's mobile phone. In the event of a motor failure, the malfunctioning component can be identified. Challenges to agricultural land development include transport and road conditions. In this study, we'll look at the numerous options open to the farmer. The primary goal of this study is to develop a solar-powered, Internet of Things (IoT) and GSM-controlled water pump. This reduces the need for human labour (from farmers) in outlying areas. The farmer's mobile device serves as the hub for all activities.
Design and development of artificial intelligence assisted railway gate controlling system using internet of things
Authors: R. Selvakumar  , A. Manimaran  , G Janani , K.R. Shanthy
Published: January 2024

A improvised solution for the Indian Railways' human level crossing controls and the attendant reliability issues they cause. In our nation, level crossings have been the scene of several train accidents. So far, there have been zero productive actions. Using an infrared (IR) detector and an audible alert, the proposed system automatically opens and closes level crossing gates based on when trains approach or depart from the crossing. However, it's possible that a car may become stuck between the pedestrian crossing barriers if they're automated. Here, an ultrasonic sensor may identify the obstruction between the crossing gates, and an Internet of Things (IoT) module would inform the train of the situation. When a train approaches or departs from a railroad crossing, infrared sensors detect its presence and alert an Arduino-UNO, which then commands the gates to open or close using a little servomotor stationed nearby. Using the Node MCU and GPS navigational technology, this system also aims to reduce latency in detecting combustion attacks within the compartment. The resulting section of this paper proves the proposed work efficiency by means of graphically illustrates the following metrics such as: human detection accuracy, gate closing efficiency, alerting system efficiency and data storage efficiency.