bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence, the ChatGPT Large Language Model: Assessing the Accuracy of Responses to the Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgical Education and Assessment (GESEA) Level 1-2 knowledge tests
Authors: Pavone M , Palmieri L , Bizzarri N , Rosati A , Campolo F , Innocenzi C , Taliento C , Restaino S , Catena U , Vizzielli G , Akladios C , Ianieri M.M. , Marescaux J , Campo R , Fanfani F , Scambia G
Published: December 2024

Background: In 2022, OpenAI launched ChatGPT 3.5, which is now widely used in medical education, training, and research. Despite its valuable use for the generation of information, concerns persist about its authenticity and accuracy. Its undisclosed information source and outdated dataset pose risks of misinformation. Although it is widely used, AI-generated text inaccuracies raise doubts about its reliability. The ethical use of such technologies is crucial to uphold scientific accuracy in research.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of ChatGPT in doing GESEA tests 1 and 2.

Materials and Methods: The 100 multiple-choice theoretical questions from GESEA certifications 1 and 2 were presented to ChatGPT, requesting the selection of the correct answer along with an explanation. Expert gynaecologists evaluated and graded the explanations for accuracy.

Main outcome measures: ChatGPT showed a 59% accuracy in responses, with 64% providing comprehensive explanations. It performed better in GESEA Level 1 (64% accuracy) than in GESEA Level 2 (54% accuracy) questions.

Conclusions: ChatGPT is a versatile tool in medicine and research, offering knowledge, information, and promoting evidence-based practice. Despite its widespread use, its accuracy has not been validated yet. This study found a 59% correct response rate, highlighting the need for accuracy validation and ethical use considerations. Future research should investigate ChatGPT’s truthfulness in subspecialty fields such as gynaecologic oncology and compare different versions of chatbot for continuous improvement.

What is new? Artificial intelligence (AI) has a great potential in scientific research. However, the validity of outputs remains unverified. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of responses generated by ChatGPT to enhance the critical use of this tool.
Corpo Metáfora
Authors: Borelli Sandro , José Roble Odilon
Published: December 2024

Este artigo percorre uma reflexão sobre o corpo humano como um símbolo das tensões entre liberdade e opressão utilizando a mitologia grega como uma rica fonte de metáforas. Busca refletir o corpo, entendido como uma unidade fundamental do ser, um campo de batalha onde se desenrolam as tragédias da existência. Através da revisão filosófica dos pensamentos de Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Freud e Cioran, o texto ilustra a tendência humana à submissão, à vontade intrínseca de viver e aos conflitos de ordem social e política que surgem dessa busca. Este ensaio é um convite à reflexão sobre o corpo apresentado não apenas como um ente físico, mas como uma potente metáfora de contradições.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES: EMERGENCE OF FACTORS OF INCREASING TRANSACTION COSTS
Authors: Loktionov V.I.
Published: December 2024

The transition to a sustainable economy is based on a radical transformation of the institutional environment, any fundamental change of which creates additional economic and political risks for the functioning of economic entities, increases the level of competition between actors for a dominant position in the market and in society. The article attempts to assess the direction, intensity and structure of changes in transaction costs in the process of the current institutional transition. Based on the analysis of changes in the institutional environment caused by the transition to sustainable development, it was revealed that the launch and acceleration of transformation processes lead to the emergence of a number of factors that contribute to the growth of transaction costs. It is shown that the problem of increasing transaction costs and reducing the efficiency of the national economy is particularly relevant for countries that are pioneers of institutional changes, since due to the nature of the current institutional transition, the possibility of them obtaining competitive advantages due to the “pioneer effect” is not obvious and requires additional research. It is concluded that in order to avoid a decrease in the quality of life of the population in countries that have embarked on the path of sustainable development, it is necessary to continue research in the field of analyzing the consequences of the transition and to determine the optimal pace of transition to sustainable economic structures, taking into account the observance of national interests.
PROSPECTS FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS IN CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES ON A PLATFORM BASIS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES AND RUSSIA
Authors: Kochergin D.A. , Andryushin S.A.
Published: December 2024

The article investigates the main problems, state and development of the system of modern cross-border settlements in the global economy; shows the classification of multilateral platforms of central bank digital currencies through the prism of currency agreements used in cross-border payments; considers models of interoperability of central bank digital currencies and options for access of payment service providers; analyzes international projects of both wholesale and retail multicurrency systems of central bank digital currencies; proposes the author’s version of the Eurasian project of a multicurrency system of central banks, which can increase the efficiency of cross-border payments of the Russian Federation and countries that are its main trading partners.
GLOBAL DYNAMICS OF SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT (SRI): ANALYSIS OF FACTORS MOTIVATING TNCS TO USE SRI STRATEGIES
Authors: Liventsev A.N.
Published: December 2024

The role and positions of TNCs in achieving sustainable development of the world economy are currently at the center of scientific discourse, but at the same time, the emergence of new factors affecting the world economy entails the need for an in-depth analysis of new directions in the activities of TNCs, which include socially responsible investment (SRI). The article considers the global dynamics of SRI volumes; factors motivating TNCs to apply SRI practices; factors influencing the dynamics of SRI in Russia; the advantages of SRI practices in the activities of TNCs.
DIGITAL INNOVATIONS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORMATION OF THE RESOURCE-SAVING TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM
Authors: Bolgova E.V. , Bolgov S.A. , Cherniaev E.V.
Published: December 2024

Digitalization is a key driver of economic and innovative development, including in modern transport and logistics systems, such as railways. The methodology of the study is based on the idea of R. Ciriello, A. Richter and G. Schwabe about the differentiation of “digital innovations” and “innovations implemented using digital technologies”. The empirical basis of the study was data from Russian Railways: requests for innovations for 2024 were analyzed in detail.
Application of the ERT method for mapping old landfills and the groundwater pollution caused by them
Authors: Kisyov Atanas , Milenkovic Bogdana , Stoyanov Nikolay
Published: December 2024

This study presents the potential of the ERT (Electrical Resistivity Tomography) method for mapping the spatial boundaries of old landfills, differentiating the hydrogeological units containing landfill bodies of various rank, and assessing the extent and degree of groundwater pollution caused by liquid emissions. The method’s effectiveness is due to its ability to clearly distinguish the electrical properties of the environment, which depend on factors such as genesis, grain size composition, porosity, water saturation, and the chemical composition of the liquid phase within the architectural elements. The survey was conducted in the area of the old landfill in the city of Plovdiv, located within one of the most abundant water-bearing complexes in the Republic of Bulgaria.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ШЛАКОВЫХ СВЯЗОК, ОБРАЗУЮЩИХСЯ ПРИ ОБЖИГЕ ЖЕЛЕЗОРУДНЫХ ОКАТЫШЕЙ
Authors: Никитченко Т.В. , Тимофеева А.С. , Федина В.В. , Шокова С.Б. , Степанова И.С.
Published: December 2024

Железорудные окатыши широко используются в доменных печах и печах металлизации, где их подвергают процессам восстановления. При восстановлении оксидов железа окатыши теряют свою прочность, поэтому поиск трудно восстановимых или невосстановимых шлаковых связок, обеспечивающих необходимые прочностные свойства окатышей при восстановлении, весьма актуален в настоящее время. В статье представлены результаты физического моделирования шлаковых связок, которые могут образовываться в процессе обжига окатышей при использовании известняка или доломита в качестве флюсов.

Iron ore pellets are widely used in blast furnaces and metallization furnaces, where they are subjected to reduction processes. During the reduction of iron oxides, pellets lose their strength, therefore, the search for hard-to-repair or non-recoverable slag bundles that provide the necessary strength properties of pellets during restoration is very relevant at the present time. The article presents the results of physical modeling of slag bundles that can formed during the firing of pellets using limestone or dolomite as fluxes.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЦИРКОНИЯ И СКАНДИЯ НА СКЛОННОСТЬ К ТРЕЩИНООБРАЗОВАНИЮ ПРИ СВАРКЕ СПЛАВОВ НА ОСНОВЕ Al–Ca–Zn–Mg И МЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА ИХ СВАРНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ
Authors: Овчинников В.В. , Акопян Т.К. , Клочков Я.М. , Проценко Е.О.
Published: December 2024

Проведена оценка склонности экспериментальных сплавов к трещинообразованию при сварке плавлением по пробам «рыбий скелет» и технологической пробе МВТУ. Экспериментальные сплавы систем Al–2Ca–2,5Mg–0,4Mn (сплав 2В) и Al–1Ca–5,5Zn–1,5Mg–0,5Mn (сплав 1В) по показателям свариваемости находятся на уровне серийных алюминиевых сплавов АМг3 и 1915 соответственно. Для сплава 2В легирование цирконием (сплав 1) привело к снижению показателей стойкости против образования трещин при сварке. Дополнительное легирование скандием сплава 2В особенно благотворно сказывается на склонности сплава к трещинообразованию при токе дуги 90 А. Увеличение тока дуги до 95А сопровождается для сплава 4 существенным ростом коэффициента трещинообразования до 75%, что свидетельствует о необходимости применения присадочной проволоки для получения соединений из данного сплава при аргонодуговой сварке. Комплексное легирование исследуемых сплавов цирконием и скандием способствует разрушению осевого кристаллита в металле шва (при сварке без присадочной проволоки) и общему повышению стойкости металла швов к образованию трещин при сварке.

The susceptibility of experimental alloys to cracking during fusion welding was evaluated according to the “fishbone” and MVTU samples. Experimental alloys of the Al–2Ca–2.5Mg–0.4Mn systems (alloy 2B) and Al–1Ca–5.5Zn–1.5Mg–0.5Mn (alloy 1B) are at the level of serial aluminum alloys AMg3 and 1915, respectively, in terms of weldability. Alloying of zirconium alloy (alloy 1) led to a decrease in resistance to cracking during welding. Additional alloying of scandium alloy of alloy 2B has a particularly beneficial effect on the alloy’s tendency to crack formation at an arc current of 90 A. Increase in arc current to 95A is accompanied by a significant increase in the cracking coefficient of up to 75% for alloy 4, which indicates the need to use filler wire to obtain joints from this alloy during argon arc welding. Complex alloying of the studied alloys with zirconium and scandium contributes to the destruction of axial crystallite in the weld metal (when welding without filler wire) and the overall increase in the resistance of the weld metal to crack formation during welding.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ИЗНОСОСТОЙКОСТИ ГРАФИТОВОГО РЕАКТОРА, ПРЕДНАЗНАЧЕННОГО ДЛЯ РАСПЛАВЛЕНИЯ ТЕРМИТНОЙ ШИХТЫ
Authors: Худякова В.А. , Жилин С.Г. , Предеин В.В. , Комаров О.Н.
Published: December 2024

Для процессов получения железоалюминиевых сплавов перспектива снижения затрат на огнеупорные и шихтовые материалы, тепловую и электрическую энергию видится в реализации экзотермического процесса плавления термитной шихты, представляющей собой промышленные отходы в виде окалины и стружки металлов, в реакторе без применения традиционных плавильных агрегатов. Ввиду высокой температуры образующегося расплава обосновано использование углеродных материалов в качестве огнеупоров. Стойкость реактора во многом зависит от количества теплосмен, обеспечения механической прочности и функционала его элементов, подвергающихся наиболее агрессивному теплофизическому воздействию расплава. В результате серии экспериментов определена возможность снижения теплофизического воздействия железоалюминиевого расплава, образующегося в результате экзотермической реакции на материал графитового реактора регулированием содержания активного алюминия; представлен вариант мероприятий, связанных с модернизацией конструкции графитового реактора, направленных на увеличение срока его эксплуатации.

For the processes of producing iron-aluminum alloys, the prospect of reducing costs for refractory and charge materials, thermal and electrical energy is seen in the implementation of the exothermic process of melting the thermite charge, which is industrial waste in the form of scale and metal shavings, in a reactor without the use of traditional melting units. Due to the high temperature of the resulting melt, it seems justified to use carbon materials as refractories. The durability of the reactor largely depends on the number of thermal cycles, ensuring mechanical strength and functionality of its elements that are exposed to the most aggressive thermophysical effects of the melt. As a result of a series of experiments, the possibility of reducing the thermophysical effect of an iron-aluminum melt formed as a result of an exothermic reaction on the material of a graphite reactor by regulating the content of active aluminum was determined; a variant of measures related to modernizing the design of a graphite reactor aimed at increasing its service life is presented.
ОЦЕНКА НАПРЯЖЕННО-ДЕФОРМИРОВАННОГО И ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ЗАГОТОВОК ИЗ НИКЕЛИДА ТИТАНА ПРИ ВИНТОВОЙ ПРОШИВКЕ
Authors: Скрипаленко М.М. , Андреев В.А. , Романцев Б.А. , Юсупов В.С. , Рогачев С.О. , Куприков М.П. , Кузнецов В.П. , Скрипаленко М.Н. , Шустер Е.В.
Published: December 2024

Провели компьютерное моделирование винтовой прошивки гильз из никелида титана в двух- и четырехвалковом стане. По результатам моделирования рассчитывали значения параметров напряженно-деформированного и температурного состояний гильз. Распределение значений накопленной деформации и нормализованного среднего напряжения демонстрируют более равномерное напряженно-деформированное состояние и меньший риск разрушения гильз при четырехвалковой прошивке. Оценка распределения температуры показала, что для обеспечения большей пластичности материала прошиваемых гильз температурное состояние более благоприятно при четырехвалковой прошивке.

Computer simulation of two- and four-high screw piercing of nickelide titanium billets was carried out. Simulation results allowed calculation of hollow shells stress-strain and thermal states parameters calculation. Accumulated strain and stress triaxiality values distribution revealed more uniform stress-strain state and less fracture risk of hollow shells at four-high screw piercing. Estimation of temperature distribution showed that to ensure increased plasticity of hollow shells, thermal state is more favorable at four-high piercing.
Experiences of Primary School Teachers Regarding Individualized Education Programs and Mainstreaming/Integration in Türkiye
Authors: Dayı Eylem , Toraman Çetin , Özkan Renk Pınar , Öztürk Belgin
Published: December 2024

This study addressed the experiences of primary school teachers in Türkiye regarding inclusion/integration and Individualized Education Programs (IEP). The study also addressed how mainstreaming/integration and IEPs might impact students without special needs and their parents. This qualitative study adopted a phenomenological research design. The sample consisted of 17 primary teachers recruited using criterion sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide and analyzed using inductive content analysis and phenomenological coding. The results indicated that participants expressed the opinion that mainstreaming was not applicable in general education. They also believed that the IEP was unfunctional. They used ready-made IEPs, albeit not actively. They were of the opinion that class sizes and physical conditions of schools were not suitable for mainstreaming education and that they were left alone in the mainstreaming/integration.
MEDICAL-DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION AND THE STATE OF HEALTH OF THE ADULT POPULATION IN CONNECTION WITH DISEASES OF NEOPLASMS IN THE ALMATY REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: KASYMOVA G. , UTEGENOVA A.
Published: December 2024

Relevance: Various aspects of the state of public health in connection with malignant neoplasms, as well as the issues of improving the system of providing cancer care to the population, are the subject of many years of research by the authors. Concerns and increased attention to cancer are features of modern healthcare. Worldwide, there is an increase in the incidence of non-communicable chronic diseases associated primarily with the growth of the socio-economic well-being of countries, an increase in life expectancy, and preventive measures aimed at identifying cancer.The study aimed to assess the incidence of malignant neoplasms in the southern region of the Almaty region to improve mortality indicators and five-year survival rates.Methods: an analysis of data from annual medical reporting forms No. 7 on patients and diseases with malignant neoplasms in the Almaty region (the form approved by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2018-2022), annual regional statistical collections of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2018-2022, and the collections “Health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan and activities of healthcare organizations” of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Results: High cancer incidence in Kazakhstan, including the Almaty region, owes mainly to lung and stomach cancers in men and breast and cervical cancers in women.The incidence in Kazakhstan and the Almaty region is decreasing, but the target has not been achieved yet.Cancer mortality remains stable in the country and is decreasing in the Almaty region. The mortality structure is dominated by lung cancer, followed by stomach cancer the 2nd, breast cancer the 3rd, and esophageal cancer the 4th.Conclusion: The reduction in mortality is primarily due to the introduction of screening programs, improved early detection of malignant neoplasms, and increased treatment effectiveness. However, the mortality indicator remains high. The conducted epidemiological study of cancer incidence and mortality in the Almaty region evidences the need to improve screenings, introduce new forms of screening for stomach and lung cancers, activate screening programs, and enhance preventive and awareness-building outreach among the population.
RESULTS OF ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN CHILDREN AT THE CLINIC OF THE SCIENTIFIC CENTER OF PEDIATRICS AND PEDIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: TULEBAYEVA A. , TASHENOVA G. , DUSHIMOVA Z. , ABDILOVA G.
Published: December 2024

Relevance: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a method of providing highly specialized care to patients with various oncological and hematological diseases, primary immunodeficiencies, as well as other congenital and hereditary diseases affecting the hematopoietic and immune systems. In Kazakhstan, HSCT has been performed for pediatric patients since 2012 at the Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (SCPPS, Almaty, Kazakhstan). The article presents the experience of conducting allogeneic HSCT in children with oncohematological pathology at SCPPS.The study aimed to analyze the results of allo-HSCT and the possible influence of factors such as gender, conditioning regimen, donor compatibility, and status of the underlying disease at the time of HSCT on the survival rates of patients after HSCT in order to improve the treatment results and quality of life of patients with high-risk oncohematological diseases.Methods: Retrospective analysis of observational data on 53 patients after HSCT, carried out at the Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery from 2012 to 2020. Patient survival was assessed according to Kaplan-Meier, and static processing was carried out using the SPSS Statistic program.Results: In our study, 39.6% of patients were diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, n=21), 28.85% of patients (n=15) with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), for aplastic anemia alloHSCT was performed in 20.75% of cases (n=11), in 9.46% (n=5) alloHSCT was performed for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), of which three patients (60%) had juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). According to the results of the study, when performing allo-HSCT, the overall survival rate of patients with ALL after from a matched related donor was 63.6%, while when performing HSCT in the earliest stages from the onset of the disease, survival rates were significantly higher (83.3%). The effectiveness of HSCT was also influenced by treatment before transplantation and the presence of a fully matched related donor. In aplastic anemia, the time from the start of therapy is a significant factor.Conclusion: HSCT is an important and necessary stage of therapy for oncological and hematological diseases of high-risk groups in the early stages and in case of relapses of diseases. When HSCT was performed in the earliest period from the onset of the disease, survival rates were significantly higher (83.3%) compared to those with HSCT performed during the 3rd remission. Also, it was shown that the success of HSCT depends on previous therapy. HSCT in children with aplastic anemia should be performed early from the onset of the disease with minimal hematological load to HSCT, which guarantees engraftment.
Information Technology Self-Efficacy and Library Portal Use in Nigerian Universities
Authors: Ajisebutu Adenike Elizabeth , Adetayo Adebowale , Okediji Oyekanmi Gabriel , Enamudu Augustine I.
Published: December 2024

This descriptive cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate the relationship between information technology self-efficacy and the use of library portal services among undergraduate students in selected universities in South-West Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey used stratified sampling to select 658 undergraduates from three Nigerian universities: University of Ibadan, University of Lagos, and Babcock University. The results revealed a high level of IT self-efficacy among respondents (mean=3.48) and significant use of library portals, particularly for research needs like finding scholarly materials (mean=3.50), accessing indexing services (mean=3.43), and seeking reference assistance (mean=3.39). Library computers were the most preferred access point (mean=3.11). A strong, significant positive correlation was found between IT self-efficacy and library portal use (r=0.609, p<0.05), indicating that greater self-efficacy in using IT corresponded with higher utilization of library portals and their services. The findings highlight the importance of fostering IT skills and self-confidence among students to facilitate effective use of digital library resources.
Influence of the Structure and Composition of Elastomer Mixtures on the Mechanical Properties of SREP-BNR Vulcanizates
Authors: Akhmedov E. N. , Rzaeva S. V.
Published: December 2024

This article studies the influence of the chemical composition and structural characteristics of elastomer mixtures on mechanical properties of vulcanizates obtained from the styrene-rubber ethylene-propylene butadiene-nitrile rubber. The main attention is paid to the influence of the concentration of polydiene rubber and dithiobismaleimides on the strength properties, resistance to thermal-oxidative aging, and fatigue endurance of vulcanizates. The study presents the results of the experimental work related to changes in mechanical properties depending on the variation of concentrations of those components in the mixture. In conclusion, possible mechanisms for improving the properties of vulcanizates under the influence of external factors are discussed.
Thực trạng quản lý hoạt động ứng dụng công nghệ thông tin trong dạy học ở các trường trung học cơ sở huyện Tân Phú Đông, tỉnh Tiền Giang
Authors: Lê Thị Như Mai
Published: December 2024

Công nghệ thông tin đóng vai trò quan trọng trong mọi lĩnh vực của đời sống, từ kinh tế đến y tế, xã hội và đặc biệt là trong lĩnh vực giáo dục. Ứng dụng công nghệ thông tin trong giáo dục hiện nay là một yêu cầu cấp thiết nhằm đáp ứng xu thế chuyển đổi số và nâng cao chất lượng dạy và học. Quản lý hoạt động ứng dụng công nghệ thông tin giúp tổ chức giám sát, đánh giá và cải tiến liên tục các hoạt động ứng dụng công nghệ, từ đó thúc đẩy chuyển đổi số và đáp ứng kịp thời các yêu cầu phát triển trong thời đại mới. Thông qua kết quả khảo sát bằng phiếu hỏi cùng phỏng vấn đối với 16 cán bộ quản lý và 58 giáo viên của ba trường trung học cơ sở trên địa bàn huyện Tân Phú Đông, tỉnh Tiền Giang, chúng tiến hành phân tích, đánh giá thực trạng quản lý hoạt động ứng dụng công nghệ thông tin trong dạy học ở các trường trung học cơ sở huyện Tân Phú Đông, tỉnh Tiền Giang. Kết quả nghiên cứu thực trạng sẽ là cơ sơ giúp các các nhà quản lý giáo dục đưa ra các biện pháp thích hợp góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả quản lý hoạt động ứng dụng công nghệ thông tin trong dạy học ở các trường trung học cơ sở huyện Tân Phú Đông, tỉnh Tiền Giang.
Advancements in Laser Cladding and Iron based Alloys- A Review
Authors: P. Mahendru
Published: December 2024

This study briefs about the latest developments in Laser Cladding and alloying process which helps improving the surface properties of substrate. Laser cladding is one of the material deposition technique which helps in lengthening the surface life of Base materials in power generation industries. A thick layer of materials which helps in improving the substrate properties deposited. It helps in enhancing the mechanical properties like wear, corrosion resistance, hardness. Laser cladding in comparison to other deposition techniques provides better powder efficiency, low distortion due to low power requirement, good surface uniformity, better binding property. Independent metal alloys, ceramics, composites are used to enhance the surface of the material used. Iron based alloys are the most common alloy with better mechanical properties, other independent metal alloys like aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, tungsten alloy can be used. In this review, the study of iron based alloys for laser cladding has been explained. Also, the effecting laser parameters on microstructure, material composition, mechanical properties and thermal properties are considered. The material characterization techniques like XRD, SEM, XPS, DSC, scratch test, corrosion & erosion test are discussed. The issue emerges and the possibilities in Laser cladding for Iron based alloyed are briefed.
Effect of Shared Values in Firms to implement Forensic Accounting: A congruence of Policy, Strategy and Implementation in firms
Authors: Lokapavana S
Published: December 2024

Shared values are the standard information  given to employees to form an effective and productive environment. In every interaction of management with employees, the prime focus will be on strategies to care each other without compromising organizational interest. The shared values in n organization is how to organize the thoughts, actions and interests to align with organizational interest. The shared values play a role in reducing fraudulent activities in any firm. Corporate Fraud is a venture of its own magnitude and irresistible byproduct of an economic activity, which is an impediment for achieving corporate goal also social evil for countries progress. Corporate fraud magnitude is scaling high day by day, which demands for immediate action from corporate and government to mitigate and keep control on fraud instances.
The study on the opportunities or the situations form occurring the fraudulent activities is important in controlling any sort of illegal behavior that may ruin the performance of the firm. This paper is focusing on factors to be considered to reduce fraudulent activities. Auditing and proper documentation may help to reduce fraudulent cases except the management driven frauds.
Selective modification of tetrahydrochromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-ones
Authors: Makarova Elena , Chirkova Zhanna , Uryadova Anastasia , Karandeeva Alena , Bogdanova Natal'ya
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of the synthesis and characterisation of seven new tetrahydrochromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-ones derivatives obtained by selective modification of the hydroxyl group at the C-8 position. The authors successfully used alkylation and acetylation reactions to introduce substituents into the molecule. This resulted in a series of new heterocyclic compounds with yields up to 94 %. The authors characterised the obtained compounds by NMR spectroscopy (¹H and ¹³C) and mass spectrometry.
Reading Patterns in L2 Dyslexic Italian Learners of Chinese: An Eye Tracking Perspective
Authors: Verzi Irene , Roccaforte Maria
Published: December 2024

The study investigates the reading patterns of dyslexic learners of Chinese through the lens of eye-tracking technology, focusing on the differences in cognitive processing when engaging with two types of Chinese characters: ideo-phonetic compounds and pictographs.Dyslexia, a specific learning disorder, significantly impacts reading abilities, leading to challenges in word recognition, spelling, and comprehension. The research aims to enhance understanding of how visual stimuli can aid dyslexic students in learning Chinese, a language characterized by its unique writing system.The study involved ten Italian university students, including six diagnosed with dyslexia, who participated in a 100-hour online Chinese language course. Eye movements were recorded using a Tobii Pro Spectrum eye tracker, allowing for an analysis of fixation patterns and durations as participants engaged with the characters. The research questions focused on whether the type of character influenced the average number and duration of fixations, and whether there were significant differences in fixation patterns between dyslexic and non-dyslexic readers.Results indicated that both dyslexic and non-dyslexic participants exhibited longer fixation durations on pictographs compared to ideo-phonetic compounds, suggesting a more complex cognitive processing for pictographic characters. However, contrary to initial hypotheses, dyslexic participants did not demonstrate a greater number of fixations on ideo-phonetic compounds. The findings highlight the importance of understanding character structures and suggest that knowledge of basic character components may be more beneficial for dyslexic learners than visual aids alone.This research represents a significant step in exploring the intersection of dyslexia and Chinese language acquisition in Italy, providing empirical data that can inform educational strategies tailored for dyslexic students. The study concludes that while visual stimuli can support learning, a deeper understanding of character structures is crucial for improving reading comprehension among dyslexic learners.
Homophones in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Hong Shuang
Published: December 2024

With the increasing prevalence of homophonic phenomena in language life, research on homophones has also received increasing attention from academia. Homophones as a rhetorical method, can assist in the implementation of many rhetorical devices, among which imitation, pun and deliberate misinterpretation are the most frequent in language life. The three have the characteristics of being similar in sounds, different in forms and meanings between the prototype and the variant in the structure of rhetorical devices, so confusion often occurs when distinguishing them.
The Passives of German in an RRG Account
Authors: Nishizaki Mona
Published: December 2024

The German language distinguishes between three major forms of passive. They are differentiated according to the auxiliary used to form the passive. In that manner the different types of passive are termed “werden-passive” “sein-passive,” and “bekommen-passive.” This paper will show the complexity and the link between the syntax and semantic elements of the German passive in Role and Reference account and present two different constructional schemas. An analysis of the data has shown that the three passives express differences in terms of valency, case marking, and undergoer selection. Semantically, there are differences in perspective between the three passives. While the sein-passive expresses a state, the werden-passive expresses a process, and the bekomm-passive allows for marked undergoer selection. All three passives allow to put the focus on different parts of the sentence.
A Cognitive Study of the Naming of Chinese Herbal Medicines in the Vegetable and Fruit Sections of the Compendium of Materia Medica
Authors: Jiang Yuwei , Jiang Xiangyong
Published: December 2024

Chinese herbal medicine, as a core part of traditional Chinese medicine, has names that not only carry deep historical significance but also reflect humanity's profound understanding of the characteristics and effects of these herbs. This study focuses on the naming of 55 herbal medicines from the vegetable and fruit sections of the The Compendium of Materia Medica, aiming to uncover the cognitive mechanisms behind these names. The research found that 42 of the herbal medicines in the vegetable and fruit sections were named based on single motivation, while 13 were named based on a combination of motivations. In the single-motivation naming pattern, the highest proportion was based on shape, followed by factors like origin and morphology. Among the combined motivations, the most common combinations were origin and flavor, followed by growth environment with shape, shape and flavor, and shape and color. The study reveals that whether naming based on a single characteristic or integrating multiple characteristics, the naming process emphasizes easily recognizable and perceivable features to represent the whole. This reflects the metonymy of concepts in the naming of herbal medicines. When a single feature isn't enough to define the herb, people tend to integrate multiple features in the naming process, showing the commonality of conceptual integration in the naming of Chinese herbal medicines. Moreover, people often use familiar entities and their similarities in shape or efficacy to name the herbs, highlighting the influence of conceptual metaphors in the naming of Chinese herbal medicine. This research can deepen understanding of the value and characteristics of Chinese herbal medicines and better promote the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine.
DESIGN OF POLTEKSMART TRASH BIN: SOLUTION FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT IN AVIATION TRAINING COLLEGE
Authors: Ramadhani Muhammad Ichsan , Febriansyah Fadly , Martadinata M Indra , Primadewi Betha Agus
Published: December 2024

Waste management issues are a significant challenge in many major environments, including dormitory life in aviation vocational colleges. This study aims to design a prototype of a Polteksmart trash bin equipped with sensors and a Telegram Bot to manage waste in the dormitory building at Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang. This research and development (R&D) method using a 4D model started with data collection from literature review and observation. The research result is a smart design technology of a robot trash bin equipped with infrared sensors, proximity sensors, RTC sensors, EM4, and a Telegram Bot that sends notifications to mobile phones whenever trash capacity reaches 90%. The final design has been validated by a material expert and IT expert, and the analysis becomes quantitative data with assessment results both 90% means it very innovative and can be implemented. By implementing it, we hope to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the waste sorting and management system. This implementation not only helps in reducing operational costs but also supports efforts to recycle and reuse organic waste that in line with goal to create a cleaner and healthier environment in the Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang. This research emphasizes the importance of technology integration in providing real-time waste management by making it easier for users to monitor the condition of the bins. As such, this research provides a strong foundation for future research to improve waste management's efficiency and effectiveness in educational settings.
Community-based ecotourism: A case study in Thanh Phu district, Ben Tre province, Vietnam
Authors:   Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Thinh V. D. , Nguyen Vy T. H. , Phan Diem T. N. ,   Department of Natural Resources and Environment Management, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Bui Nhi T. C.
Published: December 2024

This study explored the potential and challenges of community based ecotourism in Thanh Phu district, Ben Tre province, Vietnam. By investigating 52 households involved in community-based ecotourism through the Participatory Rural Appraisal method and semi-structured interviews, it outlined the transformative impact of community-based ecotourism on the local community. The research underscored positive outcomes in economic growth, social equity, and cultural preservation while highlighting the imperative need for prudent management to mitigate environmental concerns and prevent unsustainable tourism growth. It advocated for a balanced approach that integrated economic development with environmental and cultural preservation strategies. The findings emphasize the importance of tailored solutions to navigate challenges and foster sustainable community-based ecotourism, ensuring long-term prosperity while safeguarding the district’s natural and cultural treasures.
The Temporality of Freedom: Retrogressive vs. Progressive Conceptions of Freedom between Schelling and Sartre
Authors: Holmberg Rafael
Published: December 2024

Not only is freedom a shared concern of Sartre and Schelling, which would not be anything particularly unique, but for both philosophers, freedom must be articulated out of an ontological ground, or within the confines of an ontological system. A contradiction nevertheless appears to arise regarding the “orientation” of Sartre and Schelling’s respective “ontologies of freedom”: the freedom of Sartre, reflecting a contemporary stoic-inspired doctrine, is directed toward the future, while for Schelling, with affinities to the temporal logic of psychoanalysis, freedom is oriented toward the past. This article presents both Sartre and Schelling’s ontological reasoning out of which either a progressively oriented freedom (the freedom to negate the present in the name of future “possibles”) or a retrogressively oriented freedom (the freedom to determine the ground of the present out of an indefinite, a-temporal becoming), before attempting to resolve this contradiction in the temporality of freedom by examining the position and role of the negative (of negation, contradiction, or nothingness), as either secondary or primary, within the ontology of each respective philosopher.
Hank Morgan as Machiavellian Prince: A Reading of Twain’s Connecticut Yankee
Authors: Byham Jack Clinton
Published: December 2024

The revolutionary protagonist in Twain’s Connecticut Yankee, Hank Morgan, is drawn in a way that suggests Samuel L. Clemens possessed a fulsome understanding of Machiavelli. A close reading of Hank’s conspiracy in Camelot, viewed through the lens of the Florentine, reveals Hank Morgan to be a daring Machiavellian prince. The novel can be read as an exploration and test of the idea that princely daring of the kind portrayed in Machiavelli’s Prince and Discourses can conquer fortune and achieve lasting and positive political change. Hank Morgan is a new prince in an old principality—and an armed prophet—who tries, yet fails, to transform a corrupt monarchy into a virtuous republic. His failure illustrates Twain’s thoughtful engagement with Machiavelli’s ideas.
Sosyal Medyanın Etkisiyle Doğaya Yolculuk: Turistik Tercih Süreçleri
Authors: Duman Hayriye , Arıca Reşat , Acar Delal
Published: December 2024

Sosyal medya, doğa temelli turizm tercihlerinin oluşumunda önemli bir faktör haline gelmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal medyanın doğa temelli turizm tercih süreçleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek ve bu etkinin demografik değişkenler bağlamında nasıl farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, 01 Temmuz - 01 Ağustos 2024 tarihleri arasında Batman ilinde doğa temelli turizm faaliyetlerine katılan 417 yerli katılımcıdan anket yöntemiyle veri toplanmıştır. Analiz sonuçları, sosyal medyanın doğa temelli turistik tercihler üzerinde güçlü bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Özellikle 26-40 yaş aralığındaki bireylerin, sosyal medya platformlarından daha fazla etkilendiği, bu platformları bilgi edinme süreçlerinde yoğun bir şekilde kullandığı ve bu platformlarda karşılaştıkları içeriklere daha yüksek düzeyde güvendikleri belirlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde, üniversite ve yüksek lisans düzeyindeki katılımcıların da sosyal medya içeriklerinden daha fazla etkilendikleri ve bu içeriklerin turistik tercih süreçlerinde önemli bir rol oynadığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma, sosyal medyanın demografik özellikler bağlamında farklı şekillerde etkili olduğunu ve doğa temelli turizmde bir bilgi kaynağı olarak önem kazandığını vurgulamaktadır.
EROL TOY’UN ACI PARA ROMANINDA YAPI VE TEMA
Authors: Karaali Hüseyin Cihad
Published: December 2024

Erol Toy’un Acı Para romanı, ekonomik ve toplumsal adaletsizlikleri eleştiren bir Anadolu hikâyesidir. Roman, Lehimci Hüsnü’nün, ailesiyle birlikte Çayiçi’nde yer alan ve taşlarla kaplı tarlasını bir üzüm bağına dönüştürme çabasını konu alır. Hüsnü, teknolojik gelişmeler nedeniyle eskiyen mesleği tenekeciliğin getirisi azaldığı için yeni bir gelir kaynağı bulmaya çalışır. Ailesinin desteğiyle tarlayı temizlemeye ve hayallerini gerçekleştirmeye başlar.
Ancak kasabanın en zengin tefecisi Tabakçıoğlu İsmail, Hüsnü’nün emeğini sömürmek için hilelerle onu borç batağına sürükler. Bu durum Hüsnü’yü çaresizlik ve çatışma içine iter. Roman, Hüsnü’nün gururunu ve ailesini koruma mücadelesiyle Tabakçıoğlu’nu öldürmesi ve polise teslim olmasıyla sona erer.
Acı Para, ezen ve ezilen arasındaki sınıf çatışmasını, eğitim ve kadın haklarını sorgulayan derin temalarla işler. Satır aralarında teknolojik değişimlerin esnafın geleneksel yapısını nasıl etkilediğini ele alan roman, ezen ve ezilen mücadelesinde toplumsal zihniyeti eleştirirken bireysel direnişin önemine vurgu yapar.
DOES EDUCATION AFFECT EARNINGS? AN APPLICATION FROM TÜRKİYE
Authors: Çelik Keçili Merve , Esen Ethem
Published: December 2024

Education is an important determination for the earnings differentials. The differences in education and the earnings level are investigated in Mincer earnings function. In this study, return to education is investigated in Türkiye by Mincer earnings function using cross sectional data of the Household Budget Statistics micro data set in the years between 2011 and 2019. The return to education is estimated using semiparametric regression method and extended applying control function approach. The control function approach is used as instrumental variable and the 1997 education reform is applied as control function in the paper. The achieved findings of the study show that the education positively affects the earnings level in concerned period. Semiparametric regression estimation results indicate that this effect is higher for certain periods in each year. According to the control function approach results, the effect is negative in some periods contrary to semiparametric test results.
Enhancing Technologies In Adaptive Reuse: AI Supported Systems
Authors: Akyol Gamze , Şimşek Seda
Published: December 2024

The adaptive reuse of historical and industrial buildings is pivotal for sustainable urban development, preserving cultural heritage, minimizing environmental impact, and addressing contemporary needs. This paper examines how advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) can be integrated into the adaptive reuse process. It emphasizes their ability to improve decision-making, refine design solutions, and support sustainable management. AI and ML offer innovative solutions for identifying appropriate uses for repurposed buildings, optimizing structural adjustments, and ensuring alignment with sustainability objectives. The findings highlight the potential of these technologies to bring about significant transformations in architecture and construction, advocating for their conscientious and ethical implementation to strike a balance between tradition and innovation.
Multiplicidad, umbrales e inactividad. Estudio de arquitectura colaborativa en Ulus Meydani, Ankara, Turquía
Authors: Resta Giuseppe , Gasco Giorgio
Published: December 2024

Este estudio explora las estrategias de diseñoarquitectónico y urbano para revitalizar espacios abiertos no formalizados en el contexto histórico de las antiguas ciudades otomanas, centrándose en el céntrico barrio de Ulus, en Ankara (Turquía). La plaza Ulus sirvió de campo de pruebas para una metodología de estudio colaborativo llevada a cabo con estudiantes de tercer curso del Departamento de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Bilkent. Al examinar los esfuerzos del estudio de diseño por integrar diversos lenguajes arquitectónicos en el ecléctico e historicista telón de fondo de Ankara, este artículo pone de relieve las complejidades y oportunidades de transformar la plaza Ulus en un ‘vacío activo’. La metodología adoptada consiste en reimaginar estos espacios abiertos a través de una comprensión revisada del análisis espacial, partiendo de tres principios clave: favorecer la multiplicidad frente a las soluciones uniformes; diseñar los espacios públicos como umbrales urbanos; y priorizar la inactividad frente a programas funcionales complejos. Se observa que el formato de charrette, en el que se pasaba de visiones colaborativas a tareas individuales, era ideal para incrementar la participación de los estudiantes en comparación con las estructuras de estudio más rígidas experimentadas en años anteriores.