bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Musical Harmony in Electric Hearing
Authors: Knobloch Marie , Verhey Jesko L. , Ziese Michael , Nitschmann Marc , Arens Christoph , Böckmann-Barthel Martin
Published: August 2018

A cochlear implant (CI) restores hearing for profoundly deaf patients by transmitting sound to an array of electrodes that stimulates the inner ear. The small number of frequency bands and limited transmission of temporal fine structure affects the music perception. The present work investigates the pleasantness of chords and chord sequences in adults using such electric hearing. In the first task, participants compared chord types according to their perceived pleasantness. Normal-hearing listeners judged the major chord and the minor chord as the most pleasant ones compared to other chord types. CI users appraised the major chord as more consonant than other chord types. The second task used four-chord sequences, half of which ended on an authentic V-I cadence. In the other presentations, the final tonic was replaced either by a transposed major chord or by a dissonant chord. The participants had to judge whether the ending was conclusive. While normal-hearing listeners preferred authentic cadences, all but one CI user assessed the modified cadences as similarly satisfying. The results indicate that CI users appreciated consonance of isolated chords to a certain extent similar to normal-hearing listeners. Nevertheless, the majority of CI users fail to register the musical syntax in the harmonic progression of cadences.
Effects of Musical Context on the Recognition of Musical Motives During Listening
Authors: Taher Cecilia , Hasegawa Robert , McAdams Stephen
Published: August 2018

Previous research suggests that musical context affects the formation of similarity relations among motivic/thematic materials during listening, and that three contextual aspects, namely contrasts in surface features and the organization and development of the musical materials, shape the listening experience of complete works. We empirically investigate the effects of these three contextual aspects on the perceived similarity of motivic variations while listening to Boulez's Anthèmes. This piece exists in two versions: 1) solo violin, and 2) violin and electronics. They contain clear categories of motivic materials, whose recognition can be studied within the natural contexts of the two versions. In Experiment 1, participants freely classified motivic variations extracted from Anthèmes 1 representing different motivic categories. In Experiment 2, participants provided dissimilarity ratings for these variations. From these results, motivic models were selected for each category. In Experiment 3, musicians identified variations of the models while listening to either version of Anthèmes. The results indicate that musical contexts that are more contrasting on the surface, or more predictable in terms of motivic features and organization, facilitate the identification of motivic variations, whereas the overall formal development of the musical materials and their context over time disturbs the recognition of those variations.
Inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease: A friend or foe?
Authors: Chiroma Samaila Musa , Baharuldin Mohamad Taufik Hidayat , Taib Che Norma Mat , Amom Zulkhairi , Jagadeesan Saravanan , Moklas Mohamad Aris Mohd
Published: August 2018

Background: There is a dearth of precise information for molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, convincing data from clinical research and basic molecular biology have shown that inflammation of the brain is an integral part of AD. In this review, the role of inflammation in AD will be highlighted.

Methods: Articles from credible scientific databases, such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Mendeley, were searched and retrieved using keywords ‘inflammation’, ‘Alzheimer’s disease’, ‘tau’, and ‘beta amyloid’.

Results: At present, there is no local inflammatory-inciting factor that is closely associated with AD, although it has been proposed that inflammation could be induced by pathologic hallmarks of AD, such as beta amyloid (Aβ) peptide plagues and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), or fragments of degenerated neurons. However, it is still unclear whether inflammation leads to the development of AD or if the pathological hallmarks of AD induce inflammation.

Conclusion: Inflammation is, indeed, an integral part of AD. Further studies on inflammatory-targeted therapies for AD are highly recommended.
Educação alimentar e nutricional para população idosa: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Aquino Nathalia Barbosa de , Santos Tiago Gomes , Andrade Maria Izabel Siqueira de , Leal Vanessa Sá , Oliveira Juliana Souza
Published: August 2018

Introdução: Pesquisas tem mostrado o acelerado crescimento populacional dos idosos e, a alimentação saudável é um importante meio de alcançar um envelhecimento ativo e saudável.Objetivo: Descrever as evidências científicas publicadas na literatura acerca das publicações na área de EAN voltada para a população idosa.Materiais e Métodos: Revisão integrativa feita nas bases de dados eletrônicas (SCIELO, MEDLINE e LILACS), utilizando os termos: “educação alimentar e nutricional”, “educação em saúde” e “idosos”. Foram incluídos artigos publicados no período de 2006 a 2016, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, que abordavam a temática.Resultados: Na amostra final permaneceram 5 artigos, sendo 1 nacional e 4 internacionais. Verificou-se que os artigos analisados utilizaram como prática de EAN, atividades culinárias e lúdico-pedagógicas, três estudos também realizaram a avaliação do estado nutricional como meio de avaliação da intervenção, além de questionários e diário de campo. As pesquisas mostraram os benefícios da EAN na população idosa.Conclusão: A educação alimentar e nutricional pode contribuir não somente para a alimentação saudável, mas inclusive, para a melhora da saúde mental e da socialização da pessoa idosa, contribuindo para o prolongamento de uma velhice com autonomia e independência.
Método de oficinas no processo de Educação Permanente em Saúde à luz de Charles Maguerez
Authors: Naka Amanda Akemi Ribeiro , Silva Maria Adelane Monteiro da , Morais Renata Soares , Oliveira Camila Martins de , Moreira Andrea Carvalho Araújo , Cavalcante Viviane Oliveira Mendes
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Analisar o método de oficinas desenvolvido com base na teoria de Charles Maguerez utilizado no processo de Educação Permanente em Saúde. Além disso, conhecer a percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre os efeitos da utilização desse método.Materiais e Métodos: Estudo exploratório e descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido em um Centro de Saúde da Família (CSF) de um município do Norte do Ceará. Teve como sujeitos os profissionais da equipe de saúde do CSF de um município do Norte do Ceará.Resultados: Foram entrevistados 15 profissionais que participavam das atividades de Educação Permanente em Saúde na unidade. A análise dos dados se deu com base nos pressupostos do método do Arco de Charles Maguerez, onde foram originadas as seguintes categorias: O método utilizado no processo de Educação Permanente em Saúde; Refletindo/discutindo sobre a realidade; Apontando resolução para os problemas e transformando as práticas cotidianas; Desafios para o uso do método nos momentos de Educação Permanente em Saúde na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Há uma valorização do método por estimular a participação da equipe e é visto como estimulador de reflexões tanto em relação à assistência prestada enquanto equipe para a comunidade quanto ao seu próprio fazer enquanto profissional. Surgiram propostas relacionadas à periodicidade das oficinas e a busca de conhecer mais o Arco de Charles Maguerez.Conclusão: O uso da teoria do Arco de Charles Maguerez na Educação Permanente em Saúde provocou envolvimento com a realidade vivenciada, com as potencialidades do território e da própria equipe.
Efeito de um programa de reeducação alimentar na capacidade funcional de mulheres
Authors: Tiggemann Carlos Leandro , Gonçalves Indianara Cristina , Santos Helena Conrad dos , Weber Marco Aurélio , Costa Jéssica Luana Dornelles da , Dias Caroline Pieta
Published: August 2018

Introdução: A obesidade é um problema de saúde pública que compromete vários parâmetros da saúde dos sujeitos, entre eles a capacidade funcional (CF).Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da participação de mulheres em um programa de reeducação alimentar na capacidade funcional.Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de característica longitudinal retrospectiva, contou com uma amostra de 794 mulheres (48,4±12,3 anos; índice de massa corporal de 30,8±5,2 kg/m² – IMC). Os sujeitos participaram semanalmente de um programa de reeducação alimentar durante 20 semanas. A massa corporal (MC) e a prática de exercícios físicos (autorrelato) foram mensuradas semanalmente, sendo a CF (Health Assessment Questionnaire – HAQ20; escores de 0 a 3) e o perímetro abdominal avaliado ao início e final do programa. A amostra total foi dividida em subgrupos quanto ao IMC, magnitude de redução de MC, prática de exercícios físicos e idade. As variáveis foram comparadas por meio do teste de Wilcoxon (pré e pós) e o teste Mann-Whitney (entre os subgrupos; p≤0,05).Resultados: Melhora significativa da CF entre os participantes (0,17±0,31 vs 0,07±0,21; p<0,001), assim como, nos parâmetros antropométricos (MC 80,66±14,58 vs 75,48±14,03; p<0,001). Todos os subgrupos apresentaram melhora da CF no transcorrer do tempo, sendo que somente os subgrupos IMC e idade apresentaram diferenças significativas da CF entre si.Conclusão: Conclui-se que a participação de mulheres em um programa de reeducação alimentar promove uma melhora da sua CF, reduzindo vários parâmetros da composição corporal, sendo que somente a idade e o IMC apresentam influência na CF.
Interactive geotechnical design in karst and ex-mining ground in Malaysia
Authors: Yee Yew Weng , Yohannes Mikias M
Published: August 2018

The Kinta Formation is one of the prominent and complex karst formations in Malaysia. Karst ground has an abundance of cavities, solution channels, pinnacles, overhangs and floaters. Design and construction of foundations in such ground conditions are complicated. If a given site has karst geology and is an also ex-mining ground, the challenges are compounded. Often, generalised and one-size-fits-all designs are used in geotechnical engineering. However, in such unpredictable and challenging soil conditions, this approach can be either conservative or unsafe. An interactive geotechnical design approach is vital to achieving an economical and practical solution. In this paper, the role of interactive design in foundation design and construction of a lime-processing plant in Malaysia is discussed. The site, located in the eastern part of Peninsular Malaysia, sits within the bounds of the Kinta Formation and was a former tin-mining ground. Over the 34 ha of the project site, earthworks and foundations were required to be executed. Some examples of solutions derived by interactive design in geotechnical engineering as applied to this project are discussed.
Dr. Jon Saphier Interview: Decades of Success in Educational Leadership
Authors: Welby Kathryn Anne
Published: August 2018

Dr. Jon Saphier is an international leader in education. His legend remains as he continues to expand on his Boston University’s ethnographic dissertation (1980), which later became the best selling textbook, The Skillful Teacher (2008). Dr. Saphier has sustained his leadership position internationally by continuously advocating for best teaching practices worldwide.  This paper contains an interview with Jon Saphier and analysis of his leadership practices. Dr. Saphier discusses his core values of leadership, his successful approach to change initiatives, leadership failures, and critical elements of effective leadership. Dr. Saphier continues to be a driving force in educational initiatives worldwide. His humble, yet strong, approach is the foundation of his leadership sustainability. Dr. Saphier continues to mold his legacy as an educational leader by publishing, consulting, researching, developing models of district improvement, creating alliances, keynote speaking, and inspiring future educators.  Jon Saphier continues to be a driving force in effective international educational practices.             
Using a Systemic Design Paradigm to Develop Sustainability Leadership and Build Organizational Sustainability Platforms
Authors: Lees David W. , Uri Therese
Published: August 2018

This article explores a doctoral sustainability leadership course in an interdisciplinary leadership program. Learners in the course study sustainability and sustainability leadership from a systemic design perspective. They are invited to become visionaries who work across boundaries and disciplines with cooperative and reflective spirits to find integrated solutions for complex organizational problems. The first section of the article examines the different understandings of sustainability, its ambiguity, why little progress has been made in the area of sustainability, and why a systemic design platform might provide a more expansive vessel for sustainability leadership and projects. The second section delves into course content and investigates systems thinking, design action, the nature of change, and dialogue-the core of good design. The third section uses a leader-practitioner’s case study Air Combat Command Sustainability Design Project to illustrate how a leader built a sustainability plan unique to his organization. Five domains (Ben-Eli, 2012) provided the overarching infrastructure. Although each domain embodies a separate area, together they make up a unified organizing principle that works toward integrating essential elements into a strong infrastructure. The article concludes with reflections from both the leader-practitioner and the instructor.
Developing and Sustaining Sustainability-Related Academic Programming: Observations of Emerging Practices
Authors: Alibašić Haris , Crawley William
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview and summary of selected sustainability-related academic programs and certificates delivered by universities and colleges located in the same geographic area (Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.).   Holistic and practical dimensions of creating and sustaining educational programs are evaluated, and emerging outcomes from universities with a history of prosperous sustainability studies programs are provided as models of applicability.  The possible effects of the level of formalizing sustainability in higher education and different aspects of academic-level sustainability programming at universities and colleges in a single geographic region were studied in a comparative perspective.  The study focused on the role of internal and external leadership, political and appointed officials, networking factors of various stakeholders, demand for sustainability in education, and the resources commitment in staffing.  We evaluated each element in the context of sustainability in education and longevity and self-support.  These findings and the concept of successfully developing and sustaining sustainability‑related academic programs in Grand Rapids (MI) are examined within a broad and holistic context encompassing educational, programmatic, socioeconomic, organizational, and leadership dimensions.  While further research is warranted, predictably, all elements performed well and added value to the conceptual framework of developing and sustaining sustainability-related academic programming with potential lessons applicable to the programmatic approaches to education domestically and abroad.
EJA ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: A (RE) INCLUSÃO NA ESCOLA COMO PERSPECTIVA DE INSERÇÃO SOCIAL NO TRABALHO
Authors: Santos Juliana Silva dos , Corrêa Ivan Livindo de Senna
Published: August 2018

Este trabalho tem por objetivo refletir sobre os motivos que levam os estudantes a retornar para a escola na modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) enquanto possibilidade de cursar a EJA como um espaço de (re)inclusão na escola excludente. Para realizarmos o estudo aplicamos um questionário com os estudantes da Educação de Jovens e Adultos de uma Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental do Município de Porto Alegre - RS e fizemos a análise mediada e referenciada à luz das reflexões freirianas. Como resultados da pesquisa identificaram-se: o processo de juvenilização predominando jovens na faixa-etária de 15 a 18 anos excluídos do Ensino Fundamental regular; a maioria dos jovens busca a EJA com a intenção de concluir o Ensino Fundamental e apropriar-se dos saberes escolar e disciplinar; os mesmos dizem não gostar do descaso de alguns estudantes em algumas disciplinas, e, da aprendizagem e construção do conhecimento em algumas áreas. Percebe-se na fala dos sujeitos da pesquisa que eles desejam uma escola que ensine com seriedade, retidão e lhes garanta a aprendizagem efetiva. Sendo assim, o nosso estudo destaca a EJA, como um dos poucos espaços de acesso das classes populares aos saberes sistematizados necessários a inclusão social. No entanto, os estudantes ainda reivindicam uma escola que “se ensine e se aprenda com seriedade, mas em que a seriedade jamais vire sisudez” (FREIRE, 2000, p. 24).
O OLHAR DO OUTRO E A EDUCAÇÃO: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ESCOLA-MEDUSA A PARTIR DE JEAN-PAUL SARTRE
Authors: BRISKIEVICZ DANILO ARNALDO
Published: August 2018

Investigamos a ontologia do olhar proposta por Jean-Paul Sartre em seu livro O ser e o nada: Ensaio de Ontologia Fenomenológica, publicado em 1943, a fim de problematizar as relações intersubjetivas na instrução escolar em particular, e na educação, em geral. Aproximando-nos do texto sartriano, demonstramos como o conceito de olhar é estruturante do Para-si e de sua dimensão do ser-Para-outro. A partir da controvertida figura da escola-medusa, remetendo-nos ao mito grego antigo de Medusa que petrificava quem a olhasse diretamente, estabelecemos um diálogo entre a ontologia sartriana e a pedagogia. A metodologia utilizada é uma pesquisa bibliográfica. O resultado pretendido é uma colaboração em torno da ontologia do olhar, no interior das discussões propostas pela Filosofia da Educação.
ATUAÇÃO DO REVISOR DE TEXTOS: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA NO SESC DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Romano Márcia Regina , Ribeiro Ana Elisa
Published: August 2018

Neste trabalho, à luz da análise do discurso de Dominique Maingueneau ([1995] 2008a, [1998] 2008b) e de uma proposta de Luciana Salazar Salgado (2013; 2016) que considera a revisão de textos como coenunciação, além de aspectos da ergologia (SCHWARTZ, 1998; 2014), apresentamos a experiência institucional de produção editorial, em especial com peças publicitárias, na instituição Serviço Social do Comércio (Sesc) de Minas Gerais. Composta a partir de 2012, a equipe responsável pelas peças gráficas e digitais institucionais conta com uma revisora contratada, entre outros profissionais. Mostramos como a equipe se constituiu e quais os seus processos de trabalho, especialmente o da revisora. A fim de dar mais foco às questões aqui tratadas, analisamos brevemente uma peça institucional em seu processo de produção e revisão textual. Concluímos que os processos de revisão foram se aperfeiçoando à medida que o trabalho foi sendo vivenciado e experimentado, além de explicitarmos as questões coenunciativas que emergem da interação entre revisora e outros profissionais.
CASAS DE FARINHA: REFLEXÕES ACERCA DO TRABALHO E EDUCAÇÃO EM COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS DO INTERIOR DA BAHIA.
Authors: Santos Marisa Oliveira , Amaral Urânia Teixeira , Alves Ana Elizabeth Santos , Cavalcanti Junior Manoel Nunes
Published: August 2018

O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever a memória das relações entre trabalho e educação no processo de construção de experiências educativas nas Casas de Farinha em comunidades tradicionais do interior da Bahia. Para tanto, intencionou-se, a priori, na evocação de registros históricos, passando sequencialmente para a contextualização e caracterização de três localidades tradicionais na fabricação da farinha no interior da Bahia: comunidade de Campinhos e Simão e povoado de Itaipu. As análises foram realizadas por meio de entrevistas. Pontuou-se, a memória materializada nas narrativas dos moradores, ressaltando elementos que referendam a relação entre a educação e o trabalho como base de convergência entre a prática laboral e experiências educativas. Os fundamentos teóricos, como Cascudo (1983); Saviani (2007); Pedroza (2014); Simmel (2006), dentre outros, respaldaram a discussão preterida. Ao término, verificou-se que as Casas de Farinha veiculam a farinhada além do seu processo produtivo, sendo possível discutir elementos como divisão sexual do trabalho, sociabilidade familiar na produção, a relação homem e natureza e o trabalho como fonte precípua de construção de experiências educativas.
LICENCIATURA EM DESPORTO - IMPACTOS DA PRECARIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO NA CIDADE DA GUARDA EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Rocha Bruna Beatriz da , Toledo Flaviana Alves
Published: August 2018

O estudo se desenvolveu através do Programa de Mobilidade Internacional do Instituto Federal do Sudeste de Minas Gerais que teve como objetivo promover a complementação da formação acadêmica para estudantes dos cursos superiores, proporcionando um elo com Instituto Politécnico da Guarda em Portugal em busca de saberes, experiências e conhecimentos. Tivemos como objetivo central realizar um levantamento sobre as condições de trabalho a que estão submetidos os profissionais da área de Educação Física em Portugal, levando em conta a forma como o mundo do trabalho vem se reorganizando em um contexto de globalização, flexibilização e neoliberalismo. Para tanto, realizamos entrevista semi-estruturada com vinte e sete profissionais formados em licenciatura em desporto com questões relativas à a) Formação profissional; b) Condições objetivas de trabalho; c) Relações trabalhistas e d) Saúde. Os resultados apontam que o mercado de trabalho em Desportoainda sofre com influências históricas como a reestruturação produtiva e o neoliberalismo, que faz com que os trabalhadores enfrentem a flexibilização e a precarização.
PERSPECTIVA TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICA DA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA ESCOLA
Authors: Oliveira Araujo Maria Inêz , Domingos Patrícia
Published: August 2018

O sistema escolar brasileiro em muito dificulta a implementação da educação ambiental na escola. Diferentes ações, buscam inserir as questões socioambientais nas práticas pedagógicas, no sentido de possibilitar aos seus alunos o desenvolvimento de atitudes e de valores éticos que vislumbrem a sustentabilidade socioambiental. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo buscou verificar como a educação ambiental está sendo tratada nas escolas. Para tanto, buscamos evidências sobre macrotendências: práticas pedagógicas e inserção das questões ambientais nos currículos, em 26 artigos apresentados no IX Encontro Pesquisa de Educação Ambiental. Os resultados mostram que a comunidade escolar, em enfrentamento às adversidades, busca desenvolver e implementar a educação ambiental crítica, mediante práticas multidisciplinares.
CONTEXTOS NÃO ESCOLARES E PESQUISA EM EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: QUESTÕES E DESAFIOS OBSERVADOS NOS ENCONTROS DE PESQUISA EM EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL (EPEAS)
Authors: Amaro Lopes Priscila , Protti Bueno Fernando , Vieira Saisse Maryane
Published: August 2018

O Grupo de Discussão de Pesquisa (GDP) Educação Ambiental em Contextos não escolares foi criado como recorte temático dos Encontros de Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental (EPEA), em 2011. Este artigo teve por objetivo refletir sobre os desafios e avanços obtidos nesse grupo de discussão, que tem acolhido investigações relevantes em diferentes contextos e que, aos poucos, vem consolidando sua identidade e especificidade. A análise dos trabalhos apresentados na edição de 2017 mostrou maior concentração das pesquisas em contextos de comunidades e Unidades de Conservação. Também foram observadas sobreposições em relação a outros GDPs. Questões relevantes como os limites para o enquadramento do que se denomina não escolar nas pesquisas ainda estão em processo de apuração, porém a densidade e o aumento do número de trabalhos inscritos e aprovados no último EPEA refletem o amadurecimento nessa área de pesquisa.
Expression study of fertility related genes with respect to sperm motility, HOST and acrosome integrity in bovine semen
Authors: Borgohain I. , Dutta D. , Borah P. , Borah D.
Published: August 2018

The present study was conducted for molecular evaluation of bull semen and to study its relationship with different semen characteristics. Fresh semen samples were collected from six breeding bulls. A total of six ejaculates were collected from each of six healthy breeding Jersey bulls at 4 days interval. Immediately after collection, the samples were subjected to physio-morphological and biomolecular evaluation. Percentage of Hypo-osmotic Swelling Test (HOST) positive spermatozoa and acrosome-intact sperms increased with an increase in initial sperm motility. Expression of Chaperonin Containing T-Complex protein 1, subunit 8 (CCT8) gene was found to be negatively correlated with sperm motility, whereas the expression of Adenylate Kinase 1 (AK1) gene did not show any significant relationship with sperm motility.
Expression profile of the myoglobin gene in indigenous native chicken
Authors: Bhattacharya T. K. , Prasad Athe Rajendra , Sagar N. Govardhana , Chatterjee R. N. , Paswan Chandan , Yadav S. P.
Published: August 2018

In the present study, we quantified myoglobin (Mb) gene expression in two different indigenous chicken breeds, namely Ghagus and Aseel to discern tissue specific expression pattern in different age groups. Quantitative real-time PCR assay was developed for measurement of the Mb mRNA expression in different tissues in chickens of different age groups (day old and day 28). Overall, the Mb mRNA level displayed a significant difference among all the tissues investigated in the study. Results exhibited that, bursa and heart tissues relatively had the highest expression of Mb related to the other tissues (P less than 0.05). Further, in gizzard and bursa, a significant difference was found in the expression between both the breeds studied. It is concluded that the expression of Mb gene varied significantly among different tissues and between age groups in chicken.
Mitochondrial DNA variation, phylogeography and social organization of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) of North East India
Authors: Das Susmita , Das Pranab Jyoti , Das Partha Pratim , Das Banasmita , Das Dharmeswar , Bhattacharya Tarun Kumar
Published: August 2018

North east India is one of the exotic hotspots for Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and harbors about half of the global population of the Asian elephant. Here we present the first population genetic study of free-ranging Asian elephants, examining within- and among-population differentiation by analyzing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) differentiation across the Brahmaputra valley and elephant reserves of North east India. Surprisingly, the population here had shown lower mtDNA haplotype diversity with little mtDNA differentiation among localities within the Brahmaputra valley. This suggests extensive gene flow in the past, which is compatible with the home ranges of several hundred square kilometers for elephants in this region. Conversely, the Brahmaputra valley population is genetically distinct at a mitochondrial level than other tested elephant populations. These results significantly indicate the importance of population bottlenecks, social organization, and bio-geographic barriers in shaping the distribution of genetic variations among Asian elephant populations in North east India.
Effects of early postoperative rehabilitation with physiotherapy in the cranial cruciate ligament ruptured dogs stabilized with extra capsular technique
Authors: Hussain Dar. Shahid , Jayaprakash R. , Shafiuzama Md. , Nissar Shazia , Sridhar R. , George Ravi Sundar
Published: August 2018

The aim of the study was to find out the efficacy of rehabilitative techniques postoperatively of extracapsular stabilized cranial cruciate ligament deficiency dogs. Twelve dogs were treated surgically by extracapsular imbrication method. Post operatively six dogs were rehabilitated with neuromuscular electrical stimulation and different therapeutic exercise. The lameness score and weight score and girth of thigh differ significantly between them. Range of motion and girth also improved but non significantly. There was an early recovery in physiotherapy group dogs as compared to dogs in the non physiotherapy group.
Effects of prostasomes on functional parameters of fresh and cryopreserved-thawed spermatozoa of crossbred Karan Fries (KF) bulls
Authors: Kumar Amit , Pandita Sujata , Laxmi N. Anand , Bhakat Mukesh , Mohanty T. K.
Published: August 2018

Prostasomes are extracellular vesicles that fuse with sperms thereby improving its functional parameters. Present study aimed to isolate and characterise prostasomes from semen of KF bulls, and to investigate prostasomes effects on functional parameters of KF bull spermatozoa. Isolated prostasomes were characterized with respect to the binding of FITC-conjugated CD 26 antibodies, as well as protein, cholesterol and phospholipids content. Subsequently, effects of prostasomes supplementation (1mg/ml) were investigated on ROS production, Ca2+ signalling, mitochondrial membrane potential and acrosome integrity of fresh and cryopreserved-thawed spermatozoa. Isolated prostasomes were immunostained positively. Prostasomes showed higher proportion of both protein and cholesterol as compared to phospholipids. When sperm samples were supplemented with prostasomes, ROS production decreased, while all other functional parameters improved.
Histological description of aceh cattle ovary cryopreserved by various cryoprotectants
Authors: Roslizawaty Roslizawaty , Syafruddin Syafruddin , Siregar Tongku Nizwan , . Azrin , Zuhrawati Zuhrawati , Rosmaidar Rosmaidar
Published: August 2018

This research aimed to determine Aceh cattle ovarian follicle morphological integrity after vitrified by various cryoprotectants. Cryoprotectants used in this research were 30% ethylene glycol (EG), 30% dimethyl suphocide (DMSO), and combination of 15% EG + 15% DMSO. Prior to vitrification process, ovaries were cleansed by phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and then cut into ±1 mm³. Ovaries were consecutively submerged into the following liquid for 5 minutes each: PBS+ 0.25 M sucrose; PBS+ 0.5 M sucrose; PBS+ 0.5 M sucrose + 10% cryoprotectants; and PBS+ 0.5 M sucrose + 30% cryoprotectants. Then, ovaries were packed into straws with ±7 cm in length and ± 6 mm in diameter. Before kept in liquid nitrogen, ovaries were first exposed to nitrogen fume for 10 second. After being stored for 1 day, the ovaries were proceed for histological examination. The result showed that Aceh cattle ovarian follicle after vitrification using 30% EG yields the best morphological integrity. Cumulus oophorus, zona pellucida, granulose cell arrangement, theca interna, and theca externa cells were observed clearer in ovary which was vitrified with 30 % EG than those with 30% DMSO and combination of 15% EG + 15% DMSO. As conclusion, 30% EG was able to protect ovary morphological integrity better than 15 % EG + 15% DMSO and 30% DMSO. Furthermore, combination of 15% EG+ 15 % DMSO was relatively better in protecting ovary follicle morphological integrity compared to 30% DMSO.
A TELESSAÚDE COMO FERRAMENTA NA EDUCAÇÃO CONTINUADA PARA O DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE DO CÂNCER INFANTOJUVENIL
Authors: Barros MARIANA Boulitreau Siqueira Campos , Vicente Débora Rafaelly da Silva , Bushatsky Magaly , E Silva Débhora Ísis Barbosa , Coutinho Natália Maria Penha , De Morais Vera Lúcia Lins , Diniz Paula Rejane Beserra , De Santana Jocastra Bispo , Melo Raul Antônio Morais , Novaes Magdala de Araujo
Published: August 2018

RESUMOINTRODUÇÃO: O câncer infantojuvenil vem se apresentando como a segunda causa de óbito na população entre 0 e 19 anos no Brasil, atrás apenas das causas externas. As tecnologias de informação e comunicação, especificamente, a telessaúde, revela-se uma mola propulsora na triagem de suspeitas de neoplasias malignas, além de promover a integração da equipe da atenção primária à saúde e a do centro de referência, diminuindo distâncias, e promovendo educação continuada igualitária.OBJETIVO: Associar os resultados do pré e pós-testes e descrever as teleconsultorias enviadas após a intervenção do projeto FIQUE ATENTO: PODE SER CÂNCER: A telessaúde como ferramenta para a suspeição precoce do câncer infantojuvenil, realizado com profissionais da atenção primária à saúde em Recife-Pernambuco.MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo quase-experimental sem grupo controle, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. Realizado nos anos de 2015 e 2016, a partir da análise de dados secundários da Plataforma de Telessaúde HealthNET da RedeNutes, do Núcleo de Telessaúde da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Utilizou-se o software EpiInfo 7.2 como suporte estatístico para o cálculo das frequências absolutas e relativas, assim como para as medidas de associação. Adotou-se o p-valor menor que 0,05 para o cálculo de significância estatística. O projeto foi aprovado sob o número do CAAE 50707515.7.0000.5208.RESULTADOS: Os profissionais, após a intervenção, mostraram maior desenvolvimento com relação aos conhecimentos obtidos sobre epidemiologia (p<0,001), e sinais e sintomas das neoplasias infantojuvenis (p<0,001). Foram geradas oito teleconsultorias com tempo médio de resposta de 53,32 horas, em que 50% (4) foram casos clínicos e tiveram seus encaminhamentos qualificados, e nenhum precisou ser regulado à unidade de referência.CONCLUSÃO: A telessaúde mostra-se como uma ferramenta com potencial de educação permanente, contribuindo para o diagnóstico precoce do câncer infantojuvenil, aumentando as chances de cura e sobrevida. Palavras-chave: Saúde da Criança; Saúde do Adolescente; Neoplasias; Telessaúde; Atenção primária à saúde.
Kuyperania in 2017
Authors: Bishop Steve
Published: August 2018

This article looks at new works published in 2017 by or about the Dutch polymath Abraham Kuyper. Hierdie artikel kyk na nuwe werk gepubliseer in 2017 deur of oor die Nederlandse polimaat Abraham Kuyper.
An acoustic study of phonological phrases containing sequences of words with adjacent primary-stressed syllables: does stress shift occur in brazilian portuguese?
Authors: Madureira Sandra
Published: August 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o fenômeno de deslocamento acentual (stress shift) em português brasileiro como postulado pela Regra do Ritmo (Rhythm Rule), fundamentando-se em evidência acústica provinda sobretudo da análise de contornos de freqüência fundamental de sintagmas fonológicos contendo seqüências de palavras em condição ou não de encontro acentual (stress clash). Para o propósito da presente discussão, seis frases de três dos corpora designados para a investigação do fenômeno são considerados. Três locutores do português brasileiro foram gravados produzindo cinco repetições de cada frase. Os resultados mostram que não há diferença entre contornos de f0 das duas condições em contraste e somente uma diferença de alinhamento de pico de f0 ocorre, dependendo este do tipo de padrão acentual lexical (oxítono ou paroxítono) da segunda palavra do sintagma. Aspectos ligados a diferenças interlingüísticas são discutidos.
Effect of Hybrid Carbon Fillers on the Electrical and Morphological Properties of Polystyrene Nanocomposites in Microinjection Molding
Authors: Zhou Shengtai , Hrymak Andrew N. , Kamal Musa R.
Published: August 2018

The effect of hybrid carbon fillers of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) and carbon black (CB) on the electrical and morphological properties of polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites were systematically investigated in microinjection molding (μIM). The polymer nanocomposites with three different filler concentrations (i.e. 3, 5 and 10 wt%) at various weight ratios of CNT/CB (100/0, 30/70, 50/50, 70/30, 0/100) were prepared by melt blending, then followed by μIM under a defined set of processing conditions. A rectangular mold insert which has three consecutive zones with decreasing thickness along the flow direction was adopted to study abrupt changes in mold geometry on the properties of resultant microparts. The distribution of carbon fillers within microparts was observed by scanning electron microscope, which was correlated with electrical conductivity measurements. Results indicated that there is a flow-induced orientation of incorporated carbon fillers and this orientation increased with increasing shearing effect along the flow direction. High structure CB is found to be more effective than CNT in terms of enhancing the electrical conductivity, which was attributed to the good dispersion of CB in PS and their ability to form conductive networks via self-assembly. Morphology observations indicated that there is a shear-induced depletion of CB particles in the shear layer, which is due to the marked difference of shear rates between the shear and core layers of the molded microparts. Moreover, an annealing treatment is beneficial to enhance the electrical conductivity of CNT-containing microparts.
Probable Cause for the Superconductor-Like Properties of Alkane-Wetted Graphite and Single-Layer Graphene above Room Temperature under Ambient Pressure
Authors: Whangbo Myung-Hwan
Published: August 2018

Recently Kawashima has reported that, when wetted with alkanes, several forms of graphite and single-layer graphene exhibit superconductor-like properties above room temperature under ambient pressure [AIP Adv. 2013, 3, 052132; arXiv:1612.05294; arXiv:1801.09376]. Under the assumption that these seemingly unlikely properties arise from the presence of paired electrons brought about by the alkane-wetting, we explored their implications to arrive at a probable mechanism for strong electron-pairing driven by Fermi surface nesting and acoustic phonon. This mechanism explains why alkane-wetting is essential for the graphene systems to become “superconductor-like” above room temperature and why the “Tc” of alkane-wetted pitch-based graphite fibers increases almost linearly from ~363 to ~504 K with increasing the molecular weight of alkane from heptane to hexadecane. It also provides a number of experimentally-verifiable predictions, the confirmation of which will provide a strong support for the superconductivity driven by Fermi surface nesting and acoustic phonon.
Experimental Study on Dynamic Mechanical Property of Cemented Tailings Backfill by SHPB
Authors: TAN Yu ye , YU Xin , XU Lin hui , SONG Wei dong
Published: August 2018

In recent years, cemented tailings/paste backfill (CPB) become more and more important to maintain mine structure and keep mining stope to be stable in deep underground mining. Deep mining process often accompanied by blasting, rock burst and other high-speed dynamic loading. So it’s important to make research on dynamic behavior and characteristics of CPB. In this paper, a series of dynamic loading tests on CPB specimens by SHPB were taken to study the characteristic of stress-strain, dynamic strength, deformation and failure of CPB. The experimental results revealed that some CPB specimens have 1~2 lower stress peaks after reaching the peak stress before getting completely failed. The greater the cement-sand ratio was, the more obvious of strain reaction was. This property mainly showed like follows. The greater the cement-sand ratio was, the greater the dynamic compressive strength was under similar velocity impact; the dynamic compressive strength and the average strain rate were quadratic equation relationship, and the greater the cement-sand ratio was, the higher increase rate of dynamic compressive strength caused by strain rate. The dynamic compressive strength enhancement factor increased with the increase of the strain rate, and is larger than that of rock samples. The failure forms of CPB specimens under low-speed impact were almost the same as them under static uniaxial and triaxle compression. The CPB specimens were crushed broken under the critical strain rate, similar to the failure mode of low strength concrete. The experimental research results will improve our understanding the dynamic mechanical property of CPB and help to guide the strength design of deep mining backfill.
The Effects of a Pine Bark Extract on Exercise Performance and Post Exercise Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Muscle Soreness and Damage
Authors: Aldret Randy , Bellar David
Published: August 2018

The purpose of the present study was to examine if 14 days of supplementation with a pine bark extract leading up to and following an exercise test would increase performance and reduce biomarkers associated with muscle damage, inflammation and oxidative stress. The study used a double-blind, placebo controlled, cross-over design. Participants ingested either 800mg pine bark extract or placebo for 14 days prior to the first exercise trial and for 2 days post-exercise. On the exercise day, participants submitted a pre-exercise blood sample, then completed a VO2 peak test until volitional failure. A post-blood sample was collected 1 hour after completion of exercise. Participants returned at 24 & 48 hours after the exercise testing for measures of muscle pain in the lower body using an algometer. Participants then had a 7-day washout period before beginning to crossing over to the alternate treatment. Analysis via ordinal regression demonstrated a significant difference in oxidative stress in the pine bark extract group compared to placebo (ChiSq = 2.63; p = 0.05). The pine bark extract was effective at affording protection from oxidative stress post exercise. Further work should be undertaken to evaluate the findings with other exercise modes or in participants with known metabolic syndrome. 
Rapidity of Genomic Adaptations to Prasinovirus Infection in a Marine Microalga
Authors: Yau Sheree , Caravello Gaëtan , Fonvieille Nadège , Desgranges Élodie , Moreau Hervé , Grimsley Nigel
Published: August 2018

Prasinoviruses are large dsDNA viruses commonly found in aquatic systems worldwide, where they can infect and lyse unicellular prasinophyte algae such as Ostreococcus. Host susceptibility is virus strain-specific, but resistance of susceptible Ostreococcus tauri strains to a virulent virus arises frequently. In clonal resistant lines that re-grow, viruses are usually present for many generations, and genes clustered on chromosome 19 show physical rearrangements and differential expression. Here, we investigated changes occurring during the first two weeks after inoculation of viruses. By serial dilutions of cultures at the time of inoculation, we estimated the frequency of resistant cells arising in virus-challenged O. tauri cultures to be 10−3–10−4 of the inoculated population. Re-growing resistant cells were detectable by flow cytometry 3 days post-inoculation (dpi), visible re-greening of cultures occurred by 6 dpi, and karyotypic changes were visually detectable at 8 dpi. Resistant cell lines showed a modified spectrum of host-virus specificities and much lower levels of OtV5 adsorption.
High-Speed Optical-Fiber Coating with Viscoelastic PTT Fluid: Analytical and Numerical Solutions
Authors: Khan Zeeshan , Rasheed Haroon Ur , Khan Ilyas
Published: August 2018

Polymer flow during optical fiber coating in a pressure type coating die has been simulated under non-isothermal conditions. The flow dependent on the wire or fiber velocity, geometry of the die and the viscosity of the polymer. The wet-on-wet coating process is an efficient process for two-layer coating on the fiber optics. In the present study, the constitutive equation of polymer flow satisfies viscoelastic Phan-Thien Tanner (PTT) fluid, is used to characterize rheology of the polymer melt. Based on assumption fully developed incompressible and laminar flow, the viscoelastic fluid model of two-immiscible resins-layers modeled for simplified-geometry of capillary-annulus where the glass fiber drawing inside the die at high speed. The equation describing flow of polymer melt inside the die solved analytically and numerically by Runge-Kutta method. The effect of physical characteristics in problem has been discussed in detail through graphs by assigning numerical values for several parameters of interest. At the end, present study is also compared with the published work as a particular case and good agreement is found.
Preparation, Characterization, Cytotoxicity and Biological Evaluation of 99mTc-Doxorubicin-Epigallocatechingallate Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles as a New Generation of Theranostic Radiopharmaceutical
Authors: Sakr Tamer M. , Morsy Sherine A. G. , Mahmoud Nourhan A. , Rashed Hassan M. , El-Rehim H. A. Abd , Khoobchandani Menka , Katti Kavita K. , Katti Kattesh V.
Published: August 2018

Gold nanoparticles are currently used for the treatment of cancer through a myriad of modalities and delivery approaches. Conjugation of tumor imaging Single Photon Emitting Computed Tomographic (SPECT) radiopharmaceutical to gold nanoparticles will allow systemic targeting and imaging of cancer tissues simultaneously. In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared using Epigallocatechingallate (EGCG), loaded with doxorubicin (Dox), and characterized before and after doxorubicin conjugation. Cytotoxicity of EGCG-AuNPs and Dox-EGCG-AuNPs were evaluated against breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) cell lines demonstrating high cytotoxic effects of Dox-EGCG-AuNPs against both cell lines. Doxorubicin was radiolabeled with 99mTc and our new approach has optimized various labeling conditions resulting in a radiochemical yield of 93.5 ± 2.04%. Biodistribution of 99mTc-Dox-EGCG-AuNPs was studied in normal and tumor bearing mice following I.V. and intratumoral injections at different time intervals. Results showed high uptake of the intravenously injected 99mTc-Dox-EGCG-AuNPs in tumor tissue (22.45 %ID/g at 2 h). In addition, localized intratumoral injection of 99mTc-Dox-EGCG-AuNPs showed extremely high levels of uptake in tumor (80.22 %ID/g at 15 min) with high retention for extended periods post injection. Our results present prospects for the utility of 99mTc-Dox-EGCG-AuNPs as a multiplexed theranostic agent through SPECT imaging of tumor tissue and therapy through photothermal destruction of cancer tissue through the application of exogenous laser lights as well as through tyrosine phosphatases inhibitor (through EGCG), and topoisomerase II inhibitor (through doxorubicin) effects.
The Spirit of Science: Attribute and Structural Model
Authors: Zhou Jian , Yu Jian’er , Qiu Jianxia , Zhou Yuanyuan
Published: August 2018

Spirit of science is one of the important components of science education theory. It not only directly affects the level of science education, but also indirectly affects the selection, education and evaluation of scientific researchers, and the development of science and technology in a country or region. Although more than a century ago, the researchers began to discuss the topic of spirit of science. However, to date, the research of the definition, attribute, structural model and its characteristics of the spirit of science has not yet made a breakthrough. Based on the detailed literature review, the related theoretical analysis and the research of the structural model of the spirit of science, this paper puts forward the new definition, the attribute and the establishment of the structural model of the spirit of science, and analyzes the match the situation from new structural model of the spirit of science and the scientific nature published by the American Society for the Advancement of Science. The results of this study are of great significance for raising the level of scientific education and cultivating future scientific researchers, enhancing their motivation and skills in innovation in scientific research and promoting the development of future scientific undertakings.