bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19防控中醫療衛生人員的責任衝突——儒家倫理的視角
Authors: 謝 廣寬
Published: September 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

自2019年COVID-19疫情爆發以來，醫療衛生人員承擔 了繁重的疫情防控工作。在這些工作中，他們承擔了更多的責 任，有些責任是相互衝突的，如照護患者的責任與照顧家庭的 責任。本文根據對部分中國醫療衛生人員的訪談，結合國內外 發表的相關文獻，對疫情防控中醫護人員面臨的責任衝突進行 梳理，並從儒家倫理的視角進行評析。

During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers faced many challenges and were loaded with heavy psychological burdens. This paper focuses on a moral dilemma between the duty of healthcare providers and the overall well-being of the providers and their families during the medical crisis of the pandemic in Huhan, China. Based on interviews, the paper takes a Confucian perspective to explicate the duties and supererogatory acts of those who volunteered to help and the balance between the moral duties of loyalty and filial piety.
TIME VALUE OF MONEY AND SHARIA LEGITIMACY
Authors: Mujahidin Mujahidin
Published: September 2023

Islamic economics is an economy based on profit sharing. Money is objects approved by society as an intermediary tool for exchange exchange/trade. In a profit-sharing economy, what is used for the economic mechanism is the ratio of profit sharing and business returns that occur regularly real. This is the meaning of Islamic teachings which advocate using the concept of economics Value of Time. That is, it is time that has economic value, not money time value. The factor that determines the value of time is how a person is take advantage of that time. The more effective (appropriate) and efficient (right way), then the time value will be higher
Mechanical properties of pyrolysis carbon black in rubber compound application
Authors: Anupabphan Teerapat , Kaewdam Noppakun , Seataew Bancha , Nangnoi Torlab , Narischat Napan , Wongkhorsub Chonlakarn
Published: September 2023

Waste tire pyrolysis is a thermal decomposition process that converts waste tires into liquid fuel which also produce by product material such as producer gas, pyrolysis carbon black (CBp), and steel wire. Nowadays, carbon black produced by pyrolysis is being employed as a low-grade carbon base fuel. The technical feasibility of using CBp as a substitute for commercial carbon black N330 in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) was investigated in the study. The researcher also looked at how the composition ratio of CBp and N330 affected the mechanical characteristics of rubber in comparison to the outcomes of pure carbon black N330. It was discovered that the low composition ratio of 20% CBp and 80% N330 (R-2) had comparable Mooney viscosity to that of N330 carbon black, as well as the highest torque (MH) and torque increment (ΔM) values, but increased CBp content led to increased rubber viscosity and decreased cure time due to sulfur residues CBp was inferior to N330 in its effect on reinforcement. With an increase in CBp content, the tensile strength, shear strength, and elongation at break of SBR vulcanizates decreased considerably, while the hardness increased. Consequently, the CBp value evaluated for hardness applications provides significant manufacturing cost savings.
„Specjalna operacja wojskowa” na Morzu Czarnym w świetle Konwencji Narodów Zjednoczonych o prawie morza oraz Podręcznika z San Remo
Authors: Makowski Andrzej
Published: September 2023

„Specjalna operacja wojskowa” prowadzona przez Federację Rosyjską, w tym „operacja antyterrorystyczna” na Morzu Czarnym i Azowskim realizowana przez jej Flotę Czarnomorską spełniają kryteria definicji agresji, co oprócz pogwałcenia Karty Narodów Zjednoczonych (KNZ) narusza również postanowienia Konwencji Narodów Zjedno-czonych o prawie morza – UNCLOS (art. 301) i Podręcznika z San Remo (posta-nowienia ogólne, pierwsze trzy sekcje). Jednostronne ogłoszenie (poprzez ostrzeżenie nawigacyjne) „operacji antyterrorystycznej”, a faktycznie blokady morskiej portów Ukrainy jest sprzeczne z treścią UNCLOS (wolność żeglugi) oraz nie spełnia wymogów dotyczących metod prowadzenia walki na morzu (blokada morska, obszary – Podręcznik z San Remo). Ataki rakietowe na obiekty cywilne oraz chronione, położone na terytorium państwa ukraińskiego wykonywane przez okręty i statki powietrzne Floty Czarnomorskiej, a także ostrzał artyleryjsko-rakietowy miejscowości nadbrzeżnych stanowią rażące naruszenie (zbrodnię wojenną) międzynarodowego prawa humanitarnego konfliktów zbrojnych (Podręcznik z San Remo). Natomiast użycie dronów nawodnych przez stronę ukraińską w ataku na bazę Sewastopol jest zgodne z zapisami Podręcznika z San Remo (środki prowadzenia walki zbrojnej). Na szczególną uwagę w omawianym konflikcie zbrojnym zasługuje art. 35 (c) UNCLOS odnoszący się do Cieśnin Tureckich, co pozwala Turcji (w oparciu o Konwencję z Montreaux) w sposób zasadniczy wpływać na sytuację strategiczno-operacyjną na Morzu Czarnym poprzez odmowę korzystania z cieśnin okrętom wojennym (Turcja zamknęła je dla okrętów wojennych wszystkich bander). Za nieskuteczną należy uznać procedurę głosowania w sprawach nieformalnych członków Rady Bezpieczeństwa Narodów Zjednoczonych (RBNZ), co w omawianym przypadku, gdy agresorem jest państwo – stały członek RBNZ utrudnia zastosowanie wobec niego środków przewidzianych przez prawo międzynarodowe i wymusza stosowanie rozwiązań doraźnych, jak „korytarze zbożowe”.
Comparison of disc-diffusion and disc-volatilization assays for determining the antimicrobial activity of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil
Authors: Ignatiuk Katarzyna , Dzikon Ewelina , Hagdej Brygida , Slotwinska Weronika , Malm Maria , Ossowski Mateusz , Kasela Martyna
Published: September 2023

Essential oils (EOs), being mixtures of various natural compounds, constitute an attractive source of novel antimicrobial agents. Along with multiple studies concerning their rich biological activity, there are different methods allowing to determine both antimicrobial activity in direct contact, as well as through the activity of vapours. Thyme constitutes one of the most common aromatic herbs used for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and culinary purposes. The aim of the study was to compare the antibacterial activity of liquid and vapour phases of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil (TEO) against most common pathogenic Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25913, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) microorganisms. To determine TEO antibacterial properties, two methods were used: disc-diffusion assay so as to test activity in direct contact; disc-volatilization assay so as to determine activity in gaseous contact.

Statistical analysis showed that Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to TEO vapours than Gram-negative (p=0.005), while in the case of disc-diffusion assay, no such differences were evident. Moreover, sensitivity towards TEO differed among Gram-positive bacteria in disc-diffusion (p=0.009) and disc-volatilization assay (p=0.001). Among Gram-negative rods, a statistically higher sensitivity regarding E. coli was noted when compared to S. typhimurium in both direct (p=0.011) and gaseous (p=0.006) TEO contact. No activity of TEO against P. aeruginosa was found.

As thyme essential oil exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria in gaseous contact, this justifies its use as an addition to inhalation agents to prevent or support the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. Further studies should therefore apply other methods for determining the antibacterial activity of TEO vapours to assess the exact minimal concentration inhibiting bacterial growth.
Assessment of the potential role of Trefoil Factor-3 marker as a predictive marker of complication in splenectomized and non splenectomized patients with beta thalassemia major
Authors: Ali Hanaa Adday , Awad Ayat Saeed , Ali Rawaa Adday , Salah Muthana , Alrufaie Mohauman M.
Published: September 2023

The study’s goal is to appraise the immunological inflammatory marker Trefoil Factor 3, which interacts with thalassemia pathogenesis particularly following splenectomy, and may offer new therapy options for the illness and its repercussions.

This is a case-control study design that included 60 patients identified as β-thalassemia major as participators in this study, in addition to 30 seemingly healthy subjects with age and sex close to the patients group who served as a control group. The participants were distributed into four groups: control group, splenectomized patients, non-splenectomized patients, and total patients. Suitable statistical techniques were employed to investigate the results.

The study’s findings demonstrated that there was a significance increase in the serum levels of TFF3 when comparing between (splenectomized, non-splenectomized and total patients) with healthy group (322.16±51.241, p-value=0.01, 317.20±42.449, p-value=0.01, 320±46.6, p-value=0.01), vs (309.38±21.94), respectively. Moreover, a comparison between splenectomized and non-splenectomized showed a significantly decrease in TFF3 (322.16±51.241) vs (317.20±42.449), (p-value=0.043).The presented study also revealed significant positive correlation between TFF3 level with ferritin, iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation, transferrin, fasting serum glucose, insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance. Furthermore, unsaturated iron binding capacity and homeostasis model assessment-beta found a significant negative correlation with TFF3 level.

High serum levels of TFF3 in beta thalassemia patients, especially in splenectomies patients, are downregulated by inflammatory cytokines, which are primarily regarded as traditional inflammatory cytokines and are related to insulin resistance. Hence, TFF3 level can serve as a potential predictive for the early detection of beta thalassemia in the development and progression of complications.
The Effects of Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. Lactis and Vitamin D on Immunological Response Following Vaccination in Puppies
Authors: Saridag Gökhan , Erdogan Songul , Ozalp Tahir , Ural Kerem , Erdogan Hasan
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to determine the effects of oral application of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and vitamin D on the immune response after vaccination in puppies. Crossbred dogs at the age of 55–65 days (n=21) of both sexes were grouped according to the application as follows: Group 1 - commercial polyvalent vaccine only (Vanguard 5L4, Zoetis); Group 2 -polyvalent vaccine and vitamin D; and Group 3 - polyvalent vaccine, B. animalis subsp. lactis, and vitamin D. The antibody titers, measured 3 weeks after the vaccination and after the 1st booster, demonstrated sufficient protective levels against the canine distemper virus but without significant difference between the groups when compare both values. No significant differences either, were observed in antibody titers against canine parvovirus after the initial vaccination. However, after the 1st booster, Group 2 samples showed significantly higher antibody titer value compared to the other groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, the dogs included in this study had an adequate antibody response to canine parvovirus and distemper viruses following the vaccination and 1st booster in all three groups of animals, and significant increasing of protective antibody titers against canine parvovirus virus the after the 1st booster in the group where B. animalis subsp. lactis was included.
Effect of Seminal Plasma Protein Fractions on Cooled Dog Semen Kinetics
Authors: Tsvetkov Tsvetan Stefanov , Daskalova Denica Boyanova
Published: September 2023

Semen cooling and cryopreservation have revolutionized the field of reproductive biotechnologies. However, challenges persist in maintaining sperm quality and viability during these processes. The unsatisfactory results and the main problems are associated with low quality, viability, morphological, structural, and DNA integrity, changes in plasma membrane, ability to interact with female tract and decrease in sperm fertilization potential. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of seminal plasma proteins with different molecular weights on the kinetic parameters of dog spermatozoa during cold storage at 4 °C. The proteins were isolated from the dogs’ seminal plasma ranging between 6-200 kDa, separated in four fractions. The ejaculates (n=15) were collected from 6 heathy dogs which were pooled. Spermatozoa were extended with Tris medium alone (control) or with addition of one of the isolated protein fractions, and were then incubated at 4 °C for 2 hours. Sperm incubated with seminal plasma proteins ranging between 10-15 kDa had significantly higher total motility (37.01±2.98%), sperm progressiveness (15.97±1.91%), curvilinear line velocity (37.46±3.75 μm/s), linearity (26.18±1.00%), and straightness (45.94±2.03%) compared to the other groups incubated with higher molecular weight proteins and the control group. The findings of this study indicated that the use of certain proteins in seminal plasma can be beneficial for reducing the detrimental effect of cooling at 4 °C and preserving the viability of dog spermatozoa. It seemed that the presence of 10-15 kDa proteins from canine seminal plasma rendered the spermatozoa less amenable to the negative influence during cooling.
First Report of Bartonella Henselae Infection in a Cat in North Macedonia
Authors: Shikoska Ivana , Djadjovski Igor , Krstevski Kiril , Hristovska Zagorka Popova , Janevski Aleksandar , Rashikj Ljubica , Cvetkovikj Aleksandar , Cvetkovikj Iskra
Published: September 2023

The genus Bartonella are fastidious, Gram-negative intracellular vector-borne bacteria with zoonotic potential. Cats have a crucial epidemiological role in the transmission of Bartonella henselae, the primary causal agent of cat-scratch disease in humans. Here we describe the first report of B. henselae infection in a cat in North Macedonia after a suspected Bartonella infection in a 7-year-old boy. A combination of cultural and molecular methods for detecting B. henselae in the asymptomatic cat was used. A blood sample was cultured on a blood agar plate, where colonies became visible after nine days of incubation. The DNA of a single colony was extracted, and the isolate was confirmed as B. henselae by sequencing the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene and performing a Bartonella - specific PCR. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated 100% similarity with B. henselae sequences, clustering on a single branch and establishing a distinct group. This finding indicates that B. henselae infection in cats circulates in North Macedonia and may affect feline and human health.
Low-dose interleukin-2 therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: La Cava Antonio
Published: September 2023

In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), T regulatory cells (Tregs) contribute to the inhibition of autoimmune responses by suppressing self-reactive immune cells. Interleukin (IL)-2 plays an essential role in the generation, function and homeostasis of the Tregs and is reduced in SLE. Several clinical studies, including randomized trials, have shown that low-dose IL-2 therapy in SLE patients is safe and effective and can reduce disease manifestations. This review discusses the rationale for the use of low-dose IL-2 therapy in SLE, the clinical responses in patients, and the effects of this therapy on different types of T cells. Considerations are made on the current and future directions of use of low-dose IL-2 regimens in SLE.
Модельный анализ устойчивости при конкуренции этносов в рамках теории С.М. Широкогорова
Authors: Кильматов Талгат Рустемович
Published: September 2023

Представлен математический подход для количественного моделирования устойчивого взаимодействия этносов в рамках теории С.М. Широкогорова. Демонстрируется изложение теории этносов в виде полных дифференциалов. Построена линейная динамическая модель конкуренции двух этносов. Получены условия устойчивого существования этносов в виде неравенств, ограничивающих усилия на конфронтацию. Построена динамическая модель конкуренции этносов с учётом конечной ёмкости природной среды. Представлены условия устойчивости этносов в виде неравенств, в которых затраты на конфронтацию лимитированы внешней средой. Отмечено, что устойчивая траектория развития этносов обеспечена при переходе от конфронтации к сотрудничеству, в этом случае модельные условия устойчивости гарантированно выполняются.
Analysis of entrepreneurial activity in the regions of Russia: Configuration of factors of digital environment
Authors: YAKIMOVA Vilena A.
Published: September 2023

Subject. The article investigates a set of factors of digital environment that have a favorable and constraining effect on the regional entrepreneurship development.
Objectives. The aim is to analyze the influence of digital environment factors on complex and individuals ndicators of entrepreneurial activity in the region during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods.
Methods. The study employs methods of generalization, classification, grouping and systematization, evaluation of correlation relationships and construction of regression models, analysis of panel data. The information base includes regional statistics, data on scientific and technical infrastructure, data from statistical books for the period of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation".
Results. The study generalized and grouped factors of digital environment (financial, infrastructural, scientific and educational, institutional, information resource, and network), the proposed indicators for assessing the level of formation of digital environment and entrepreneurial activity of the region. The practical significance of the findings consists of the built econometric multifactor models of dependence of entrepreneurial activity indicators in Russian regions on complex and specific factors of digital environment. The findings are applicable in the development of regional policies in the area of entrepreneurship support, creation of special environmental conditions and measures on the side of regional authorities and business support institutions to adapt entrepreneurship to factors volatility.
Conclusions. The correlation and regression analysis showed that the factors of digital environment mainly affect the growth of the number of fast-growing companies and concentration of business in the region. A greater number of factors with a high level of correlation relate to the development of digital infrastructure and ICT sector in the region.
A model for evaluating the scientific capital of an innovative industrial enterprise
Authors: BRAGIN Aleksei Yu. , VLASOV Nikita V.
Published: September 2023

Subject. The article addresses the implementation of import substitution policy and development by industrial enterprises of new areas of scientific and technical activity after the departure of foreign companies. Objectives. Our aim is to develop a model for evaluating the scientific capital of an innovative industrial enterprise in a specific area of scientific and technical activity. Methods. The study rests on the systems approach and general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, and grouping. Resource and competence-based approaches to managing the activities of an industrial enterprise serve as the scientific basis of the research. Results. We present our own model to evaluate the scientific capital of an innovative industrial enterprise, offer an approach to assessing the scientific capital based on determination of the adequacy of enterprise’s resources and competencies to the requirements of a certain area of activity. We also define the sequence of stages for assessing the resource and competence components of scientific capital based on characteristics of the product that form its consumer value (scoring), present a scale of levels of scientific capital, which helps decide if the enterprise has necessary reserve. Conclusions. The developed model is based on determining whether the resources and competencies available to the enterprise meet the requirements of a certain area of activity. The model can be used by the management of an innovative industrial enterprise to determine the feasibility of investing the resources in the development of new areas of activity, strengthening market positions.
Axiological approach to transforming the system of social sphere financing
Authors: POPOVA Lyudmila V. , ARTEMOV Vladimir A.
Published: September 2023

Subject. The article considers axiological framework of the system of social sphere financing and the mechanism of influence of value orientations on its transformation.
Objectives. The aim is to underpin the methodological appropriateness of applying the axiological approach and the institute of values in determining the directions of transformation of the system of social sphere financing.
Methods. The study employs methods of systems analysis, synthesis, comparison, correlation and regression analysis, construction of integral taxonometry indicators.
Results. The paper substantiated and reasoned the expediency of using the axiological approach within the framework of the concept of program-targeted financing of the social sphere.
Conclusions and Relevance. If implemented, the axiological approach to the transformation of the system of social sphere financing will make a certain contribution to increasing the growth rate of the social effect. The results of the correlation and regression analysis can be applied by regional authorities to adjust the social policy. This will enable to realize the financial potential most effectively, by focusing on the designated growth points.
National financial systems are the path to sovereignty. Part 1: A systems analysis
Authors: KRUTIKOV Vladimir N. , OKREPILOV Vladimir V.
Published: September 2023

Subject. This article examines the issues related to national financial systems, the Global Financial System.
Objectives. The article aims to investigate the features that arise during the functioning of national financial systems as part of the Global Financial System in modern conditions.
Methods. For the study, we used a projection method.
Results. The article finds that the current centralized Global Financial System is characterized by insurmountable (generic) features that make national financial systems vassals of the central body of the global system, and the system itself unstable and super-totalitarian, in principle.
Conclusions. The real way out of this situation is the transition to a decentralized international financial system, in which member States determine the value of their national currency sovereignly.
Perspectives of the Russian economy
Authors: SMIRNOV Valerii V.
Published: September 2023

Subject. The article addresses the perspectives of the Russian economy.
Objectives. The aim is to describe prospects for the economy of Russia.
Methods. The study draws on the systems approach, using the methods of statistical, neural network, and cluster analyses.
Results. The paper actualizes the need to describe prospects for the Russian economy in the context of the impact of sanctions, disconnection of Russian banks from international payment systems, the ban on technology imports, refusal of international companies to work in Russia. It unveils the structural importance of population dynamics, gross domestic product in constant prices in rubles, gross domestic product deflator, total government spending as a percentage of GDP. The results of the neural network analysis of the growth rates of indicators of prospects for the Russian economy identified the population as a priority, and the cluster analysis recorded the necessary relationship between the gross domestic product in constant prices in rubles and the population. The article includes graphical representation of the perspectives of the Russian economy as the growth of gross domestic product in constant prices in rubles in the context of depopulation.
Conclusions. The outlook for the Russian economy is described by the dynamics of GDP growth in constant prices in rubles and declining population. This finding points out opportunities to government members to adapt to living under unprecedented US and EU sanctions.
The importance of transformation of global value chains in the international business in the context of harmonization of international economic relations for Russia
Authors: GVOZDEVA Valeriya A.
Published: September 2023

Subject. The article considers global value chains as a key factor in the development of modern international economic relations.
Objectives. The aim is to perform a comprehensive study of the transformation process of global value chains, using the case of Russia and the world, to conduct an econometric analysis that will identify the most significant factors and trends in the field of global value chains.
Methods. The study rests on methods of econometric, logical, and statistical analyses.
Results. The study identified the most significant factors in the formation of global value chains today. They are value added and digital development index. A number of other analyzed factors have a less significant impact.
Conclusions. The article analyzes factors influencing the specifics of countries' participation in global value chains in modern conditions, in particular for Russia. With the help of econometric modeling, two econometric models were constructed. They enabled to establish relationships between the volume of country's economy and the intensity of participation in global value chains, as well as to conduct an empirical analysis for Russia.
Contemporary development directions of ski resorts in Poland in the context of the idea of sustainable development
Authors: Krzesiwo Kinga
Published: September 2023

The consequences of climate change, the demographic processes and the competition between tourist destinations are a serious threat to the profitability of ski resorts and the sustainable development of many towns and regions. The aim of the article is to examine the state of infrastructure development for downhill skiing in Poland, and to determine contemporary directions for the development of ski resorts from the point of view of ensuring the achievement of sustainable development goals. Methods used in the research process were: inventory of ski infrastructure, field observation as well as analysis of the websites of ski resorts and their profiles posted on social media. In the 2019/2020 winter season, there were 769 ski lifts, including 119 aerial lifts, with a total length of 302.9 km and a transport capacity of 625,500 people per hour, as well as 826 ski runs with a total length of 445.7 km. Among the 171 localities equipped with ski infrastructure the best developed were: Białka Tatrzańska, Bukowina Tatrzańska, Krynica Zdrój, Szczyrk, Wisła and Zakopane in the Carpathians, and Duszniki Zdrój, Karpacz and Szklarska Poręba in the Sudetes. Actions taken by ski resorts in Poland in the context of sustainable development related to eliminating the negative effect on the environment of ski infrastructure, among others by improving the quality and technology of ski lift equipment and snowmaking systems, to maintaining the profitability of ski resorts while preserving an appropriate thickness of snow cover, and increasing their financial effectiveness by creating new products and tourist attractions in the summer season, as well as to meeting the expectations of tourists so as to ensure their satisfaction with their stay.
Aplicación de la actividad antimicrobiana residual en urocultivos
Authors: Carmona Cortés Diana Aurora , Chacón Vázquez Gabriela , Hernández Trejo Cirenia , González Ortiz Sergio Arturo
Published: September 2023

Introducción. El uso inadecuado de antimicrobianos ha favorecido la aparición de microorganismos resistentes a múltiples fármacos. La prueba de detección de actividad antimicrobiana residual (A.A.R.) evita la emisión de falsos negativos en los resultados de Urocultivos y ayuda a evidenciar la efectividad del tratamiento. Objetivo: Detectar la actividad antimicrobiana residual en Urocultivos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, prospectivo. Se realizó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia en un total de 30 muestras en el periodo septiembre-octubre de 2019 para ejecutar la detección de A.A.R. en agar Müeller Hinton. Resultados: En el 43.3% de las muestras estudiadas se obtuvo un crecimiento microbiano. En el 69.3% de los Urocultivos positivos el agente causal identificado fue Escherichia coli; en el 23.0% Klebsiella pneumoniae y en el 7.7 % Proteus mirabilis. En cuanto a la detección de A.A.R., el 36.7 % presentó actividad antimicrobiana residual positiva identificando en un 72.7% a Escherichia coli, en18.2% a Klebsiella pneumoniae, y en 9.1 % a Proteus mirabilis. Conclusión: La detección de A.A.R. puede contribuir al control del uso de antibióticos; detectar A.A.R. en un Urocultivo positivo puede revelar resistencia antimicrobiana; así mismo, la presencia de A.A.R. en un Urocultivo negativo puede ser indicativo de un falso negativo.
Application of the residual antimicrobial activity in urocultives
Abstract
Introduction. The overuse of antibiotics is related with the antimicrobial resistance. Interestingly, the residual antimicrobial activity (R A A) is an effective test to identify the false negative results in urine cultures. Furthermore, this test is efficient to demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment. Objective: identify the residual antimicrobial activity in urine cultures. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective study. A non-probability sampling was applicated for convenience and 30 samples were analyzed in in the period of September - October 2019 to detect RAA on Müeller Hinton agar. Results: our findings demonstrate that the microbial growth was observed in the 43.3% of total samples. Interestingly, the Escherichia coli was identified in the 69.3% of positive urine cultures. Meanwhile, Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.0%) and Proteus mirabilis (7.7%) were also identify. Similarly, the detection of RAA showed a 36.7% of positive residual antimicrobial activity and the microorganisms detected were: Escherichia coli (72.7%); Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.2%) and Proteus mirabilis (9.1%). Conclusion: The detection of RAA is effective to control the use of antibiotics. In a similar way, the detect of RAA in a positive urine culture is indicative of antimicrobial resistance.
Procesos judiciales sobre fraudes a la renta de aguardiente en la provincia de Popayán, 1783-1793: entre el beneficio fiscal y la resistencia social
Authors: Pita Pico Roger
Published: September 2023

El artículo analiza los procesos judiciales desarrollados en la provincia de Popayán (virreinato de la Nueva Granada) entre los años 1783 y 1793 para combatir la destilación y comercialización clandestina de aguardiente. El objetivo es mostrar cómo esta práctica común era una alternativa de supervivencia y una forma de resistencia social frente a las crecientes presiones fiscales impuestas por el reformismo borbónico. Fueron notorias las dificultades para contener y erradicar estas sacas clandestinas debido a los frágiles mecanismos de control dispuestos por la administración del ramo encargada de adelantar estos procesos judiciales. El acervo de expedientes revisados da cuenta también de la flexibilidad del sistema penal a través de concesiones a los grupos más vulnerables dedicados a esas actividades ilegales.
Natalia Silva Prada. Pasquines, cartas y enemigos. Cultura del lenguaje infamante en Nueva Granada y otros reinos americanos, siglos XVI y XVII. Bogotá: Universidad del Rosario, 2021. [283 páginas].
Authors: Cuevas Arenas Héctor
Published: September 2023

El campo de estudio que ofrece la historia de la cultura escrita en Colombia y Latinoamérica todavía tiene mucho que ofrecer en el entendimiento de dicho conjunto de expresiones culturales y políticas en sociedades pretéritas y todavía es una tendencia novedosa para los historiadores preocupados por las dinámicas de los siglos XVI al XVIII. Ejemplos como los de Renán Silva, Alfonso Rubio y Rosa Yañez Rosales pueden ser emblemáticos en este sentido.
English teaching and learning: Intersections with culture and interculturality
Authors: Alvarez Valencia José Aldemar
Published: September 2023

The intercultural perspective has knocked on the door of almost all disciplines of knowledge. From mathematics to sociology, the different weavings that make up the great tapestry of knowledge have recently been interwoven by the threads of the cultural. They are threads that generate a tone that had been absent in the chromatic distribution of the tapestry of knowledge in most disciplines. It is the tone of inclusion, of the superimposition of the human overtechnique, objectivity, productivity and the commodification of the vital experience offered by education. It is useless to learn about everything if education is not understood as a project of construction and co-construction and not of self-destruction of the human being and what surrounds him. Perhaps we have focused so much on knowing what is outside of us that we often overlook the importance of exploring and understanding what lies within our own being. A look inside ourselves always reveals that we are beings who need to think about ourselves, to think about the Other and to think about ourselves in relation to the Other.
The sanctions regimes of Germany and Great Britain in the field of international scientific cooperation with the participation of Russia: the political and legal nature and consequences
Authors: Shugurov Mark Vladimirovich , Pechatnova Yuliya Vadimovna
Published: September 2023

The article undertakes a political and legal analysis of the complications in the scientific and technical cooperation of Russia with Germany and Great Britain. Particular attention is paid to the identification of the subjects of the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions regimes, as well as the substantive characteristics of the varieties of unilateral restrictive measures in the field of scientific cooperation. The authors dwell in detail on the disclosure of the correlation of legal and asiological aspects of the introduction of sanctions restrictions. It was important to compare the sanctions regimes of Germany and Great Britain in terms of the dynamics, subject composition and content of unilateral restrictive measures. The study proves that the invasion of foreign policy interests by Germany and Great Britain into bilateral international scientific cooperation means the decline of the former era of scientific diplomacy. The main conclusion of the work is the provision that the suspension of cooperation with Russia in the scientific field does not result from violations by our country of its legal obligations in the field of bilateral international scientific cooperation. The gap in cooperation at the institutional level is supplemented by the assumption of informal scientific communication. But overly politicized demands for the continuation of this cooperation violate the right to freedom of scientific research. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in the framework of the subject area of research of scientific sanctions in a comparative way and in the context of modern theoretical developments, the content of the anti-Russian sanctions regimes of Germany and Great Britain, which are among Russia's main partners in the field of international scientific and technical cooperation, was revealed.
THE GOVERNMENT DEBT SECURITIES MARKET AS A MECHANISM OF BUDGET DEFICIT FINANCING
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Marhasova Viktoriya , Zabashtanskyi Maksym ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2023

The military invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine caused a number of negative con-sequences for the economy. The state of Ukraine's economy has a direct impact on the balance of the state budget. Today, this is reflected in the growing budget deficit. The shortage of financial resources of the state became the reason for the search for potential on the domestic and foreign markets. The securities market is a platform for the formation and distribution of loan capital in any country. At the same time, a separate segment is formed that serves the state and attracts financial resources. This segment is called the market of government debt securities. The article describes the functions performed by this market, in particular: mobilizing, investment, transformational. Among the instruments circulating in this market are government bonds and treasury bonds. Do-mestic state loan obligations are one of the outcomes of the financial instruments market. The trade in such securities was analyzed in terms of investment subjects. Also, indeed, an assess-ment of the circulation of military obligations. The market of government debt securities actually covers the entire securities market in Ukraine. In general, this allows financing the needs of the state and is positive. However, without other segments, it is not sufficiently developed. The evalu-ation of the key indicators of the state securities market made it possible to single out key problems, including: mistrust of foreign investors; narrow selection of financial instruments; speculative ac-tions of unscrupulous investors; decrease in the level of income of the population, etc. We consider the following to be the main ways of activating the market: carrying out new ones related to the revision of the regulatory framework and, accordingly, bringing it into line with the norms of international standards reforms; strengthening control and review of the market, including the avoidance of speculative transactions; maturity dates for bonds and others.
THE ROLE OF AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ENSURING THE EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL CONTROL OF ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Kalchenko Olha , Sadchykova Iryna ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Fediai Yaroslav ,   ernihiv Poly-technic National University
Published: September 2023

In the current activities of domestic enterprises, financial controlling is increasingly be-coming a key management tool that allows predicting probable adverse economic circum-stances and ensuring the efficiency, stability and sustainability of business operations in the conditions of martial law and economic instability.Financial controlling significantly simplifies and automates financial processes, which en-ables the release of resources, optimization of managerial financial decisions and stable de-velopment of the enterprise. In order to achieve the strategic and operational goals of business development and to effectively solve the main tasks that rely on the financial controlling sys-tem, the implementation of automated information systems that allow improving the quality of financial management and the effectiveness of control functions of the company's manage-ment is currently becoming relevant.The purpose of the article is to study the features of information support of the financial controlling system and the role of automated information systems in financial control and en-ter prise management.The article proves that increasing the efficiency of the enterprise management system consists not only in the development and improvement of the methodological and theoretical foundations of financial controlling, but also in the active use of information systems and tech-nologies capable of simplifying procedures for working with information and helping financial management to quickly make managerial financial decisions. The properties of the BSC sys-tem, which is a management concept built on a balanced system of indicators and provides the enterprise with a comprehensive picture of the efficiency of functioning, were studied. The peculiarities of the use of ERP systems for the automation of procedures for financial control-ling and complex management of the enterprise have been analyzed
Peran COVID-19 dalam Memoderasi Faktor Makroekonomi Terhadap Stock Return
Authors: Chandra Tony , Chua Candy
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini tidak hanya dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana faktor makroekonomi dapat mempengaruhi pengembalian saham, namun juga untuk meneliti bagaimana pengaruh dari faktor makroekonomi terhadap pengembalian saham jika dikaitkan dengan COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan metode penelitian yang dilakukan secara kuantitatif yang berjenis kausal komparatif. Teknik pengolahan yang digunakan adalah berjenis panel data. Penelitian ini memilih perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam IDX High Dividend 20 sebagai sampel dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling sehingga menghasilkan total sebanyak 28 perusahaan sebagai sampel. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya pengaruh secara positif signifikan dari exchange rate, interest rate, dan dummy variable terhadap stock return IDX High Dividend 20. Selain itu, juga ditemukan bahwa inflation berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap stock return IDX High Dividend 20. Sedangkan pengujian moderasi menemukan bahwa COVID-19 dapat memperkuat pengaruh dari exchange rate, GDP dan money supply terhadap stock return. COVID-19 juga ditemukan memperlemah pengaruh dari gold price terhadap stock return.
Inflációs sokkok és dezinfláció: stilizált tények az elmúlt 50 év alapján
Authors: Spéder Balázs , Vonnák Balázs
Published: September 2023

Tanulmányunkban azt vizsgáljuk, hogy a nagyobb inflációs sokkok milyen körülmények között vezetnek tartósan magas inflációhoz. Elemzésünkhöz egy széles országminta makrogazdasági adatait használjuk az elmúlt bő ötven évre visszamenőleg. Számos olyan esetet azonosítunk, amikor az infláció egyszámjegyű tartományból 20 százalék fölé emelkedik, majd két éven belül sikeres dezinfláció megy végbe. Hasonlóképpen sok olyan példát is lehet találni, amikor a kezdeti sokk után magasan ragad az infláció. Előbbi esetekre jellemzőbb a kamatok határozottabb emelkedése az inflációs sokk alatt, a fegyelmezettebb fiskális politika, valamint a nyersanyagárak kedvező alakulása. Ugyanezen mintán megvizsgálva azt is kimutatjuk, hogy a tartósan magas infláció letörése jellemzően nem járt szignifikáns reálgazdasági lassulással, sőt, gyakran nagyobb gazdasági növekedés követte. Az általunk azonosított dezinflációs epizódokban a reáláldozatok nagysága negatív összefüggést mutat a jegybank függetlenségével, ami a dezinflációs elkötelezettség pozitív szerepére utal.
Startup-ökoszisztéma: javaslatok a magyarországi startup környezet fejlesztésére
Authors: Havas András , Jánoskuti Levente , Matécsa Márta , Vecsernyés Tamás , Hörcsig Kata
Published: September 2023

Az esszé a startup-ökoszisztéma gazdaságban betöltött szerepét vizsgálja. Nemzetközi kitekintésben elemzi a magyarországi rendszer jellemzőit, rámutat a fejlesztendő területekre és nemzetközi követendő példákat tekint át. A vizsgálat azt mutatja, hogy a gazdasági szereplők közötti átfogó együttműködéssel Magyarországon is létrehozható egy olyan startup-környezet, amelyben 30 ezer új, magas hozzáadott értéket termelő munkahely mellett további, megközelítőleg 1,3 milliárd euro közvetlen ráfordítás is megjelenne a gazdaságban.
Az euro és a forint készpénztartási hányadát alakító tényezők – a megtakarítási készpénzkereslet térnyerése az ezredfordulótól
Authors: Bódi-Schubert Anikó , Ritzlné Kazimir Ildikó
Published: September 2023

Tanulmányunkban áttekintjük a forint és az euro megtakarítási célú készpénzkeresletét alakító tényezőket a készpénztartási hányad vizsgálatán keresztül. A készpénztartási hányad a forint és az euro esetében is növekvő tendenciát mutat, ami a készpénzes megtakarítások növekedését jelzi. Eredményeink szerint a megtakarítási készpénzkeresletet hosszú távon a vagyon és a hozamok klasszikus változói mellett a bizonytalanság, a pénzügyi szolgáltatások ára és az intézményi környezet változása határozza meg. Rövid távon elsősorban a bizonytalanság változása és a rövid távú kamatok alakulása a domináns. A válságok kialakulása, valamint az intézményi környezet hirtelen változásai rövid távon sokkszerű, nagymértékű növekedést okoznak a készpénztartási hányad alakulásában mindkét valuta esetén.
Elektronik Ticaret Denkleminde Yer Alan Sosyal Ticaretin Marka Değeri Oluşturmadaki Başarısı
Authors: YURGİDEN Hatip
Published: September 2023

Sosyal medya platformları insanların iletişim kurmasını ve alışveriş yapmasını kolaylaştırmıştır. Kullanıcıların sosyal medya platformları üzerinden alışveriş yapmaları anlamına gelen sosyal ticaret (s-ticaret) hacmi gün geçtikçe artmıştır. Bu da marka değeri oluşturmada s-ticaretin ağırlığının artmasını sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, s-ticaret alanında alanyazın incelemesi yapılarak s-ticaretin markaların gelişimine olan katkısına bakmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Dicle Üniversitesi, Veri Tabanı Erişim ve İstatistik Sistemi (Vetis) ile Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science gibi sitelerde yer alan çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Özellikle son yıllardaki çalışmalar baz alınarak s-ticaret ve marka oluşturma arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Alanyazı incelemesinde, s-ticaretin gelişmesiyle beraber marka bilinirliğinin artığı görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonucunda, marka yaratma ve marka değeri oluşmasında s-ticaretin önemli katkılarının olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Ayrıca s-ticaretin firmaların marka değeri oluşturmadaki başarısını hızlandırdığı tahmin edilmiştir.
Cu-Catalysed Coupling of Aliphatic Amines with Alkylboronic Esters
Authors: Dennis Francesca , Romero Arenas Antonio , Rodgers George , Shanmugam Muralidharan , Andrews Jonathan , Peralta-Arriaga Samantha , Partridge Benjamin
Published: September 2023

We report a Cu-catalysed oxidative coupling of aliphatic amines with benzylic and aliphatic boronic esters to give high value alkyl amines, products found widely in applications from medicinal chemistry to materials science. This operationally simple reaction, which can be performed on gram scale, runs under mild conditions and exhibits broad functional group tolerance. The terminal oxidant of the reaction is O2 from the air, avoiding the need for additional chemical oxidants. Investigation into the reaction mechanism suggests that the boronic ester is activated by an aminyl radical, formed through oxidation of the amine by the Cu catalyst, to give a key alkyl radical intermediate. To demonstrate its utility and potential for late-stage functionalization, we showcase the method as the final step in the total synthesis of a TRPV1 antagonist.
Análisis de la eficiencia de los procesos educativos en las ingenierías
Authors: Hurtado Rocha Xibia , Zuluaga Ortiz Rohemy
Published: September 2023

En este estudio se presenta una función de producción académica diseñada específicamente para el proceso educativo de los ingenieros industriales en Colombia. El objetivo de esta función es examinar de manera imparcial las conexiones entre las competencias académicas adquiridas durante la educación secundaria y universitaria. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, se utilizaron datos provenientes de pruebas estandarizadas realizadas a 4.977 estudiantes al finalizar tanto la educación secundaria como la universidad. El modelo empleado en este estudio consta de dos etapas principales. En la primera etapa, se evaluó de forma empírica la estructura de la función de producción mediante el uso de un enfoque llamado mínimos cuadrados parciales y modelización de ecuaciones estructurales. Posteriormente, en la segunda etapa, se estimó la eficiencia de las relaciones en la función de producción académica utilizando el Análisis Envolvente de Datos. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron un índice de bondad de ajuste del modelo empírico de 0,89, lo cual confirma la existencia de relaciones significativas entre las variables consideradas. Asimismo, el modelo validó cuatro relaciones de transformación y procedió a estimar la eficiencia de las interacciones en la función de producción. En cuanto a los resultados específicos, se observó que el modelo tiene una eficiencia media del 16,30%, 2,17% y 5,43% en su escala constante. En resumen, este modelo permite explicar la capacidad de las universidades para convertir los conocimientos adquiridos durante la educación secundaria en competencias académicas profesionales deseadas. Además, el modelo analiza el rendimiento profesional a partir de las interacciones entre las competencias académicas.