bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging role of quantitative imaging (radiomics) and artificial intelligence in precision oncology
Authors: Jha Ashish Kumar , Mithun Sneha , Sherkhane Umeshkumar B. , Dwivedi Pooj , Puts Senders , Osong Biche , Traverso Alberto , Purandare Nilendu , Wee Leonard , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Dekker Andre
Published: August 2023

Cancer is a fatal disease and the second most cause of death worldwide. Treatment of cancer is a complex process and requires a multi-modality-based approach. Cancer detection and treatment starts with screening/diagnosis and continues till the patient is alive. Screening/diagnosis of the disease is the beginning of cancer management and continued with the staging of the disease, planning and delivery of treatment, treatment monitoring, and ongoing monitoring and follow-up. Imaging plays an important role in all stages of cancer management. Conventional oncology practice considers that all patients are similar in a disease type, whereas biomarkers subgroup the patients in a disease type which leads to the development of precision oncology. The utilization of the radiomic process has facilitated the advancement of diverse imaging biomarkers that find application in precision oncology. The role of imaging biomarkers and artificial intelligence (AI) in oncology has been investigated by many researchers in the past. The existing literature is suggestive of the increasing role of imaging biomarkers and AI in oncology. However, the stability of radiomic features has also been questioned. The radiomic community has recognized that the instability of radiomic features poses a danger to the global generalization of radiomic-based prediction models. In order to establish radiomic-based imaging biomarkers in oncology, the robustness of radiomic features needs to be established on a priority basis. This is because radiomic models developed in one institution frequently perform poorly in other institutions, most likely due to radiomic feature instability. To generalize radiomic-based prediction models in oncology, a number of initiatives, including Quantitative Imaging Network (QIN), Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA), and Image Biomarker Standardisation Initiative (IBSI), have been launched to stabilize the radiomic features.
LARGE DEVIATIONS FOR STOCHASTIC VOLTERRA EQUATIONS WITH REFLECTION IN HÖLDERIAN NORM
Authors: Randrianomenjanahary R.A. , Rabeherimanana T.J.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we study the large deviations principle \textbf{(LDP)} of the Volterra process with reflection in H\"olderian norm by using the Azencott method. As an application, we obtain the large deviations principle \textbf{(LDP)} of a perturbed reflected diffusion process driven by the Fractional Brownian Motion with Hurst parameter $H \in [\frac{1}{2},1)$.
Incidentes críticos en la práctica reflexiva de la formación del profesorado de ciencias
Authors: Turpo-Gebera Osbaldo , Diaz-Zavala Rocio , Mango-Quispe Pedro , Araujo-Castillo Rey , Delgado-Sarmiento Yvan
Published: August 2023

El análisis de los incidentes críticos en la práctica preprofesional del profesorado en formación es esencial para fomentar la reflexión. Basándonos en esta noción, se aborda la imperiosa necesidad de una práctica reflexiva en la formación de docentes de ciencias. En este contexto, se instruye a los futuros educadores en la elaboración de informes que pongan de manifiesto los incidentes críticos experimentados en su labor pedagógica. Desde estos enfoques, la práctica reflexiva emerge como recurso fundamental para consolidar su identidad y dominio pedagógico, mediante la incorporación de vivencias con fines orientativos, enfatizando la trascendencia de la reflexión.
Schatten von 38 Segeln/Shadow of 38 sails
Authors: Schäffer Michael , Stimpfle Bernd
Published: August 2023

Der neue Tiefbahnhof Elifelet Station in Tel Aviv erhält ein Membrandach aus 38 Segeln. Die Anforderung von Verschattung, Regenschutz und gleichzeitiger Belüftung werden mit den ineinandergreifenden Membranfeldern oberhalb der Bahnsteigöffnung erfüllt und bilden in den Nachtstunden das leuchtende Erkennungszeichen des Bahnhofs.
Bewertung historischer Holzkonstruktionen – Entwicklung einer Methodik für die in situ-Festigkeitssortierung am denkmal- geschützten Beispiel Schloss Friedenstein/Evaluation of historical wooden constructions – development of a methodology for in situ strength sorting using the listed example of Friedenstein Castle
Authors: Linke Gunter , Zivaljevic-Luxor Natasa , Rug Wolfgang , Pasternak Hartmut
Published: August 2023

Im Rahmen des ökologischen Wandels werden neue Verfahren zur Bewertung bestehender Gebäude entwickelt, welche die neue Wertigkeit der Erhaltung bestehender – teils historischer – Konstruktionen beigemessen werden. Der ökologische Wandel hat der Erhaltung eines möglichst großen Teils der vorhandenen Bausubstanz nicht nur aus Gründen der Authentizität, sondern vor allem auch aus ökologischen und ökonomischen Gründen Bedeutung verliehen. Dies gilt insbesondere für bestehende Holzkonstruktionen. Um derartige Bauwerke zu erhalten, ist eine umfassende Zustandsbeurteilung unabdingbare Voraussetzung für einen fachgerechten und substanzschonenden Instandsetzung und Erhaltung. In den vergangenen zwei Jahrzehnten sind die Beurteilung bestehender Holzbauwerke im Allgemeinen und die Bestimmung der Materialqualität im Besonderen zunehmend in den Fokus der Forschung und Normung auf internationaler Ebene gerückt. Ziel ist es, genauere Kenntnisse über das Bauwerk zu erlangen. Die Kombination von visuellen und zerstörungsfreien/-armen Prüfverfahren hat sich als vielversprechender Ansatz erwiesen. Grundlegende Anforderungen sind bereits in den Entwürfen der internationalen Normen enthalten. Es fehlen jedoch noch strenge Vorgaben für die praktische Umsetzung. In diesem Beitrag werden anhand von Laborversuchen an Deckenbalken des 370 Jahre alten Schlosses Friedenstein in Gotha kombinierte Verfahren zur In-situ-Festigkeitsprüfung vorgestellt sowie der grundlegende methodische Ansatz und konkrete Vorgaben für die Umsetzung vorgestellt.
Berechnung der Quecksilbermenge aus den Konzentrationen in Jahrringen – ein Beitrag zur genaueren Erfassung dieses Pools in Wäldern/Calculating the amount of mercury from the concentration in tree rings – a contribution in a more precise capturing of this pool in forests
Authors: Tatzber Michael
Published: August 2023

In dieser Arbeit wurden Stammscheiben dreier Höhenstufen von zwei Bäumen aus dem Kärntner Lavanttal untersucht, um mögliche Veränderungen der in ihrem Stammholz (ohne Rinde) enthaltenen Quecksilberkonzentrationen mit der Stammhöhe zu beurteilen. Zwischen den gemessenen Jahren wurden für jene Jahre, für die keine gemessenen Werte verfügbar waren, die Werte interpoliert. Im Anschluss wurde für jedes Jahr ein Mittelwert der Konzentrationen aus den drei Höhenstufen errechnet. Die berechneten Quecksilbermengen im Stammholz ohne Rinde von Baum 1 (65 Jahre alt) betrugen 1,66 mg und von Baum 2 (130 Jahre alt) 1,49 mg. Systematische Veränderungen der Quecksilberkonzentrationen mit der Höhe im Baumstamm konnten für keinen der beiden Bäume festgestellt werden. Mit dem hier vorgestellten Ansatz zur Abschätzung von Quecksilber im Stammholz bei sich ändernden Konzentrationen könnten Modelle genauer gerechnet werden, um die im Holz enthaltene Quecksilbermenge um Emissionsquellen abschätzbar zu machen. Dies kann als Schritt angesehen werden, um das Wissen über den Verbleib von Quecksilber und Quecksilberverbindungen in Waldökosystemen besser erfassbar zu machen, besonders hinsichtlich des Pools von Quecksilber im Stammholz.
Beurteilung witterungsbedingter Koronageräusche von Höchstspannungsfreileitungen im Zusammenhang mit der Änderung des EnWG 2022/Assessment of weather-related audible noise due to corona from extra-high voltage overhead lines in connection with the amendment to “EnWG” of 2022
Authors: Tausend Wolfgang , Schröder Benjamin , Sames Pascal , Porsch Winfried , Ottink Marco , Möllenbeck Saskia , Lusiewicz Anna , Lehner Markus , Junghänel Thomas , Hettig Christian , Bötsch Daniel
Published: August 2023

Entladungsgeräusche an Hochspannungsfreileitungen, so genannte Koronageräusche, treten witterungsbedingt auf und erreichen bei Niederschlag die höchsten Werte. Für die Beurteilung dieser besonderen Anlagengeräusche wurde mit der Novellierung des Energiewirtschaftsgesetzes im Zusammenhang mit dem Klimaschutz-Sofortprogramm vom Juli 2022 ein neuer Absatz 2b in § 49 (Anforderungen an Energieanlagen) eingefügt, der zusammen mit der Technischen Anleitung zum Schutz gegen Lärm (TA Lärm) anzuwenden ist.

 

Nach der Einführung und Beschreibung des Phänomens und der Eigenheiten von Koronageräuschen beginnt nachfolgender Aufsatz mit einem Exkurs zu Windenergieanlagen, bei denen ebenfalls witterungsbedingt entstehende Geräusche zu ermitteln und zu beurteilen sind. Es folgt eine Darlegung der neuen EnWG-Vorgaben sowie die Herleitung und Begründung eines maßgeblichen Betriebszustands („Hauptbetriebszustand“) für mit Wechsel- bzw. Drehstrom betriebene 220- oder 380-kV-Freileitungen. Dieser Hauptbetriebszustand wird mit einer Niederschlagsintensität definiert, die innerhalb des aktuellen Rechtsrahmens und vor dem Hintergrund statistischer Daten des Deutschen Wetterdienstes aus gutachterlicher Sicht angemessen und für die Ermittlung und Bewertung der entstehenden Koronageräusche geeignet ist. Für diesen Zustand können die beurteilungsrelevanten Geräuschemissionen einer betroffenen Leitungskonstruktion sowohl rechnerisch prognostiziert als auch im Betrieb messtechnisch bestimmt werden. Für Betreiber immissionsschutzrechtlich nicht genehmigungsbedürftiger Anlagen gilt nach § 22 Abs. 1 S. 1 Nr. 1 BImSchG in Verbindung mit Nr. 4.1a der TA Lärm die Grundpflicht, schädliche Umwelteinwirkungen durch Geräusche zu verhindern, die nach dem Stand der Technik zur Lärmminderung vermeidbar sind. Angesichts der Besonderheiten der betroffenen Anlagen werden abschließend Kriterien erörtert, nach denen der Stand der Lärmminderungstechnik für Freileitungen im Stromübertragungsnetz bestimmt werden kann.
The effects of color and saturation on the enjoyment of real-life images
Authors: Lin Chenyang , Mottaghi Sabrina , Shams Ladan
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the effects of color presence and saturation on the affective judgment of real-life images, as functions of the image’s affective valence. In the first two experiments, participants observed and rated original color photos and their grayscale versions, presented in an interleaved order across two separate experimental sessions. Color photos were rated as more pleasant than grayscale photos when image valence was positive, and more unpleasant when image valence was negative. The third experiment consisted of the same original images and their versions with saturation reduced by 50%. Original photos were rated as more pleasant than saturation-reduced photos when image valence was positive, yet less unpleasant when image valence was negative, implying potentially separable mechanisms for processing color presence and saturation. Significant interactions were found between color or saturation mode and valence on affective judgment in all three experiments. The effects persisted after controlling for colorfulness and luminance between the color and grayscale (or de-saturated) conditions.
Actividades recreativas y desarrollo integral en jóvenes universitarios de Latinoamérica
Authors: Colque Ricce Oscar Alfredo
Published: August 2023

RESUMEN

 

El presente artículo analiza las actividades recreativas y el desarrollo integral en los jóvenes universitarios de Latinoamérica considerando la relevancia que esto tiene para una formación holística, donde los educandos hagan uso provechoso de su tiempo libre durante su vida académica. La metodología empleada es cualitativa y hace uso del diseño de investigación documental, realizando la revisión sistemática de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas nacionales e internacionales, como documentos normativos, tesis, artículos científicos, libros y páginas web organizacionales. Los artículos científicos revisados se encuentran indexados a base de datos confiables como la Web Of Science (ESCI), Scielo, Latindex. Entre los principales resultados tenemos que el 95.98% de estudiantes mexicanos tienen predilección por el desarrollo de talleres de danza, teatro y música; más del 50% de universitarios ecuatorianos señalan estar de acuerdo con el desarrollo de actividades recreativas; el 57.8% y 66.7% de universitarios colombianos manifiesta estar satisfecho y muy satisfecho respectivamente, con las actividades recreativas desarrolladas dentro de la universidad. Concluyendo que los estudiantes universitarios de Latinoamérica tienen predisposición favorable frente a la implementación de programas de actividades recreativas en su centro de estudios, reconociendo la importancia que esto tiene para su desarrollo integral.
Success of Infection by Parasites
Authors: Farahani Sajad
Published: August 2023

The success of infection by parasites during the host-parasite coevolution is related to increasing a parasite’s ability to alter intermediate host behaviour, resulting in higher fitness of parasites. The “increased host abilities’ hypothesis” posits that parasites manipulate the behavior of their intermediate hosts or improves its chances of intermediate host survival in order to enhance their transmission to the next host. Research shows that the transmission of the parasites to their definitive host is facilitated by non-host predator avoidance by the intermediate host, which would otherwise prevent completion of the parasite’s life cycle.
Parthenium Rust (Puccinia abrupta var. Partheniicola) As a Potential Biological Control against Parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)
Authors: Tsehaye Yemane , Semere Tesfakiros
Published: August 2023

Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.), the invasive weed of global significance, have a direct and indirect impact on human and animal health as well as the overall ecosystem health. Since its introduction to Ethiopia and the Tigray region, it rapidly covers millions of hectares of crop fields. Different biological control options were tested in many countries including Ethiopia, that ranging from fungus inoculation to the introduction of insect pests (bioagents) and two bioagents, the leaf-feeding beetle (Zygogramma bicolorata) and stem-boring weevil (Listronotus setosipennis) were reported to have better performance. Nevertheless, susceptibility of the bioagents to weather variability and predators were among the important factors that halts the effectiveness of the bioagent based biological control. In the Tigray region, the native pathogen, parthenium rust(Puccinia abrupta var. partheniicola) showed very promising effect against the noxious weed, parthenium, and proved to be reliable. In field condition, disease incidence that ranges between 20-100% was observed. As a result of the pathogenicity effect of the parthenium rust, symptoms like leaf and flower defoliation, chlorosis, necrosis, and stunted vegetative growth, and failure of seed production have been portrayed. The future use of uredospore suspensions of the parthenium rust as foliage application and as a mycoherbicide, and development of tolerant crop varieties via breeding are discussed.
Antidiabetic Potential of Aloe barbadensis Miller
Authors: Saleem Makkia , Sharif Mian Kamran , Saleem Roma
Published: August 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease of the endocrine system, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, resulting either from insulin resistance or defective insulin production due to dysfunction of pancreatic ?-cells. Approximately 80% of diabetic patients live in developing and underdeveloped countries. Pakistan is ranked on 7th position regarding the prevalence of DM. In developed nations, DM is the 4th leading reason for death. Several conventional and traditional methods i.e., allopathic medicines, herbal and medical plants have being used to treat DM and its complications for several decades. Diet-based approaches are considered safe, economical, and sustainable by individuals suffering from various health disorders.

Objectives: The current review has been generated to highlight and compare the utilization of various conventional and traditional methods i.e., allopathic medicines, herbal and medical plants as an alternative source to treat DM and its complications.

Methodology: Existing relevant literature (both research / review articles) published in last many years was looked over numerous sources like Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Research Gate, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science.

Results: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is considered a holistic approach for the treatment of Diabetes that combines the use of dietary supplements with herbs. Worldwide, approximately 30% of DM patients and 50% in Pakistan are using CAM. Aloe vera (AV) is known as a “miracle plant” and extensively used in commercial products. AV contains numerous bioactive components such as vitamins, saponins, salicylic acid, minerals, lignin, enzymes, anthraquinones, and amino acids which are responsible for health-promoting activities in the body. Isolated bioactive components have extensively been employed in nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical items and claimed to have antioxidant potential. Phytosterol compounds such as phenol and cycloartenol have claimed to downregulate the synthesis of fatty acid and increases the oxidation in the liver that in results decrease in lipid deposition.

Conclusion: From the above analysis, it is therefore concluded that the utilization of herbaceous plants as medicine can be encouraged to treat and prevent numerous health problems.
Healthcare Waste Management (HWM) in Hyderabad (Sindh): A Comparison of Government, Semi-/Non-Government, and Private Hospitals
Authors: Moorat Sehreen , Pervaiz Hiba , Rajpar Sasuee
Published: August 2023

Background: Population expansion and greater accessibility to healthcare have increased the production of medical waste. Along, it is a crucial concern of the government and the healthcare industry for the environment and public safety. Hospitals, dentist offices, clinics, clinical laboratories, and other facilities providing healthcare are among the facilities that produce medical waste. When it comes to handling hospital wastes, developing countries are resource-constrained due to which chances of the spread of infectious diseases increase.

Objective: The main purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of hospitals that follow healthcare waste management practices. Along with how well-versed healthcare providers were in terms of awareness, knowledge, and practices.

Methodology: A survey-based study was performed to obtain healthcare waste disposal data from government, semi-government and private hospitals in the region of Sindh. The obtained survey data was fed to the SPSS in the form of statistics to observe the meaningful results related to healthcare waste management.

Results: The average waste generation maximum at private hospitals is found to be 71.2%, in government hospitals it is 25% and in semi-govt/NGO hospitals it is 3.8%. Whereas, it is also observed that more waste management techniques were followed at private hospitals than at government or semi-government.

Conclusion: It is necessary to spread awareness among healthcare practitioners and medical staff on healthcare waste management. Also, the guidelines and policies should be strictly followed to protect the environment and public health.
Assessment of Basic Nutritional Profile and Antioxidant Potential of Pakistani Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.) Varieties
Authors: Siraj Naila , Tehseen Saima , Shabbir Muhammad Asim
Published: August 2023

Background: Pomegranate seeds are the remains of industrial processing of pomegranate fruit into various products such as juice, jam, and jelly that cause environmental pollution and a loss of lipid and water-soluble bioactive compounds. The seeds comprise 15-25% of the whole fruit weight. Its lipid fraction has a distinct fatty acid profile with high polyunsaturated fatty acid contents such as punicic acid (PA) (50-80%), tocopherols, and phenolic compounds.

Objective: The objective of the current study was to characterize the three main Pakistani pomegranate varieties (Desi, Kandhari, and Bedana), supporting waste exploitation strategies. The physicochemical characteristics, fatty acid profile, antioxidant potential of all three varieties were studied.

Methodology: The extracted oils samples were investigated for their lipid contents, fatty acid composition, physicochemical properties, and antioxidant potential on the varietal base.

Results: Total lipid contents ranged from 8.70-15.9% dry matter with conjugated linolenic acid (68.5-76.7% of total fatty acids) as the predominant fatty acid in all samples, followed by linoleic, oleic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid. Further characterization revealed that Desi was superior regarding acidity and oxidation stability over the other two varieties associated with higher total phenolic and tocopherol contents with potent antioxidant activities.

Conclusion: The present results demonstrate a preferable fatty acid pattern in pomegranate seed oil (PSO), which may be potential functional ingredient for product development in food and non-food applications in combination with high antioxidant contents.
Khảo sát tỷ lệ và đặc điểm lâm sàng một số thể bệnh phong hàn theo y học cổ truyền
Authors: Nguyen Van Hung
Published: August 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Bệnh lý do nguyên nhân phong hàn là một nhóm bệnh lý xuất hiện quanh năm, gặp ở mọi lứa tuổi, giới tính, gây ảnh hưởng không nhỏ tới sức khỏe, công việc và chất lượng cuộc sống của bệnh nhân. Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định tỷ lệ và đặc điểm lâm sàng của một số bệnh lý có thể bệnh phong hàn và các yếu tố liên quan trên bệnh nhân tại Bệnh viện Y học cổ truyền Thừa Thiên Huế và Khoa Y học cổ truyền, Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế.

Đối tượng, phương pháp: Mô tả cắt ngang trên 499 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán thể bệnh phong hàn trong một số bệnh lý tại Khoa Y học cổ truyền, Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế và Bệnh viện Y học cổ truyền Thừa Thiên Huế có đủ tiêu chuẩn chọn bệnh thuộc thể phong hàn theo Y học cổ truyền, tình nguyện tham gia nghiên cứu.

Kết quả: Bệnh nhân có thể bệnh phong hàn ở bệnh lý đau thắt lưng chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất với 61,3%, tiếp đến là đau vai gáy chiếm tỷ lệ 32,5% và thấp nhất là liệt Bell chiếm tỷ lệ 6,2%. Về vị trí mạch, tỷ lệ bệnh nhân có mạch phù chiếm cao nhất ở các bệnh lý với 62,7%, 71,6% và 96,8% tương ứng với đau vai gáy, đau thắt lưng và liệt Bell, mạch hòa hoãn chiếm > 80,0% ở cả 3 bệnh lý, tỷ lệ mạch thực đều > 90,0% (93,1%, 95,7% và 96,8%). Đa số bệnh nhân vào viện có rêu lưỡi trắng, mỏng và nhuận, ướt. Có sự liên quan giữa các bệnh lý thể phong hàn với triệu chứng chất lưỡi, sợ gió, sợ lạnh, miệng đắng, tiểu tiện, đại tiện, giấc ngủ, vị trí mạch và tần số mạch (p < 0,05).

Kết luận: Đa số bệnh nhân thuộc thể phong hàn có mạch phù, hòa hoãn, rêu lưỡi trắng mỏng. Có sự liên quan giữa các bệnh lý thể phong hàn với triệu chứng chất lưỡi, sợ gió, sợ lạnh, miệng đắng, tiểu tiện, đại tiện, giấc ngủ, vị trí mạch và tần số mạch (p < 0,05).
THE EFFECT OF UNRELIABLE SOCIAL MEDIA USE ON PREOPERATIVE CAESAREAN ANXIETY
Authors: GÜLER Aygün , ÖZCAN Namık
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Günümüzde birçok hasta sosyal platformları kullanarak sezaryen hakkındaki kişisel deneyimlerini ve görüşlerini paylaşmaktadır. Popüler bir fenomen olmasına rağmen, bu paylaşımların güvenilirliği ve hastanın anksiyetesi üzerindeki etkisi hakkında çok az şey bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, amacımız literatürde ilk olarak, sosyal medya kullanımının, hastaların ameliyat öncesi sezaryen anksiyetesi düzeylerine etkisini araştırmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Etik kurulun onayıyla, elektif sezaryen öncesi görülen 250 gebe çevrimiçi platformların kullanımıyla ilgili prospektif, tek merkezli bir anketi ve ayrıca ameliyat öncesi kaygı düzeyleri için Amsterdam Ameliyat Öncesi Kaygı ve Bilgi Ölçeğini (APAIS) doldurmaları istenmiştir.

Bulgular: 205 hasta anketi cevaplamıştır ve hastaların %98,8'i internet kullanıcısıdır. Ayrıca makale okuyanların %72,9'u ve video izleyenlerin %58,3'ü sezaryen için genel anestezi istemediklerini belirtmişlerdir. İnternette sezaryen anestezisi ile ilgili makale okuyanların ve video izleyenlerin APAIS anksiyete skorları daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Anestezi ile ilgili anksiyete cerrahi ile ilgili anksiyeteden anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir. Bu çalışma literatürde sosyal medyanın anksiyete üzerindeki etkisini değerlendiren ilk çalışmadır.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada gebelerin yüksek oranda sosyal medya kullandığı ve güvenilirliği kontrol edilemeyen sosyal medya kullanımının hastaların anksiyete düzeylerini artırıcı etkisi olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Becoming like us
Authors: Mashman Valerie , Bala Poline
Published: August 2023

How did the Penan of Sarawak, East Malaysia stop their nomadic life and become settled farmers and retain their identity as Penan? This article presents the memories of settled Kelabit and the neighbouring Penan of a time when they were reluctant to meet one another, when the Penan were nomadic. Their lifestyles were very different: the Penan were wary of outsiders, and the Kelabit children were scared of the Penan. The processes which brought about change between these two groups were motivated by the Kelabit urge to evangelise to the Penan. They began meeting and sharing food. Gradually, the Kelabit farmers encouraged the Penan ‘to become like us’, to settle as their neighbours at Long Beruang and become Christians like them. Eventually the Penan became successful padi-farmers and made their livelihood from both the forest where they hunted and foraged and from the padi fields where they grew rice. However, this did not lead to the assimilation of the Penan by the Kelabit but to a greater deliberate expression of Penan identity. This appears to be in keeping with phenomena elsewhere in the world, which suggest that when an ethnic group is under threat from external forces and assimilation, people assert their ethnic identity.
Star Formation in Self-gravitating Disks in Active Galactic Nuclei. III. Efficient Production of Iron and Infrared Spectral Energy Distributions
Authors: Wang Jian-Min , Zhai Shuo , Li Yan-Rong , Songsheng Yu-Yang , Ho Luis C. , Chen Yong-Jie , Liu Jun-Rong , Du Pu , Yuan Ye-Fei
Published: August 2023

Strong iron lines are a common feature of the optical spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars from z ∼ 6−7 to the local universe, and [Fe/Mg] ratios do not show cosmic evolution. During active episodes, accretion disks surrounding supermassive black holes (SMBHs) inevitably form stars in the self-gravitating part, and these stars accrete with high accretion rates. In this paper, we investigate the population evolution of accretion-modified stars (AMSs) to produce iron and magnesium in AGNs. The AMSs, as a new type of star, are allowed to have any metallicity but without significant loss from stellar winds, since the winds are choked by the dense medium of the disks and return to the core stars. Mass functions of the AMS population show a pile-up or cutoff pile-up shape in top-heavy or top-dominant forms if the stellar winds are strong, consistent with the narrow range of supernovae (SNe) explosions driven by the known pair-instability. This provides an efficient way to produce metals. Meanwhile, SN explosions support an inflated disk as a dusty torus. Furthermore, the evolving top-heavy initial mass functions lead to bright luminosity in infrared bands in dusty regions. This contributes a new component in infrared bands, which is independent of the emissions from the central part of accretion disks, appearing as a long-term trending of the NIR continuum compared to optical variations. Moreover, the model can be further tested through reverberation mapping of emission lines, including LIGO/LISA detections of gravitational waves and signatures from spatially resolved observations of GRAVITY+/VLTI.
The Signature of the Northern Galactic Center Region in Low-velocity UV Absorption
Authors: Soto Christian , Ashley Trisha , Fox Andrew J. , Bordoloi Rongmon
Published: August 2023

The Galactic Center (GC) is surrounded by plasma lobes that extend up to ∼14 kpc above and below the plane. Until now, UV absorption studies of these lobes have only focused on high-velocity components (∣v
LSR∣ > 100 km s−1) because low- and intermediate-velocity (LIV) components (∣v
LSR∣ < 100 km s−1) are blended with foreground interstellar medium. To overcome this difficulty, we present a differential experiment to compare the LIV absorption between different structures within the GC region, including the Fermi Bubbles (FBs; seen in gamma rays), the eROSITA Bubbles (eBs; seen in X-rays), and the Loop I North Polar Spur (LNPS) association, an X-ray and radio feature within the northern eB. We use far-UV spectra from Hubble Space Telescope to measure LIV Si iv absorption in 61 active galactic nuclei sight lines, of which 21 pass through the FBs, 53 pass through the eBs, and 18 pass through the LNPS. We also compare our measurements to those in the literature from sight lines covering the disk–halo interface and circumgalactic medium (CGM). We find that the FBs and eBs have enhancements in measured columns of 0.22–0.29 dex in log. We also remove the contribution of a modeled disk and CGM component from the measured Si iv columns and find that the northern eB still retains a Si iv enhancement of 0.62 dex in log. A similar enhancement is not seen in the southern eB. Since a notable difference between the northern and southern eBs is the presence of the LNPS association in the nothern bubble, the northern eB enhancement may be caused by the LNPS.
The Demographics, Stellar Populations, and Star Formation Histories of Fast Radio Burst Host Galaxies: Implications for the Progenitors
Authors: Gordon Alexa C. , Fong Wen-fai , Kilpatrick Charles D. , Eftekhari Tarraneh , Leja Joel , Prochaska J. Xavier , Nugent Anya E. , Bhandari Shivani , Blanchard Peter K. , Caleb Manisha , Day Cherie K. , Deller Adam T. , Dong 董 Yuxin 雨欣 , Glowacki Marcin , Gourdji Kelly , Mannings Alexandra G. , Mahoney Elizabeth K. , Marnoch Lachlan , Miller Adam A. , Paterson Kerry , Rastinejad Jillian C. , Ryder Stuart D. , Sadler Elaine M. , Scott Danica R. , Sears Huei , Shannon Ryan M. , Simha Sunil , Stappers Benjamin W. , Tejos Nicolas
Published: August 2023

We present a comprehensive catalog of observations and stellar population properties for 23 highly secure host galaxies of fast radio bursts (FRBs). Our sample comprises 6 repeating FRBs and 17 apparent nonrepeaters. We present 82 new photometric and 8 new spectroscopic observations of these hosts. Using stellar population synthesis modeling and employing nonparametric star formation histories (SFHs), we find that FRB hosts have a median stellar mass of ≈109.9
M
⊙, mass-weighted age ≈5.1 Gyr, and ongoing star formation rate ≈1.3 M
⊙ yr−1 but span wide ranges in all properties. Classifying the hosts by degree of star formation, we find that 87% (20 of 23 hosts) are star-forming, two are transitioning, and one is quiescent. The majority trace the star-forming main sequence of galaxies, but at least three FRBs in our sample originate in less-active environments (two nonrepeaters and one repeater). Across all modeled properties, we find no statistically significant distinction between the hosts of repeaters and nonrepeaters. However, the hosts of repeating FRBs generally extend to lower stellar masses, and the hosts of nonrepeaters arise in more optically luminous galaxies. While four of the galaxies with the clearest and most prolonged rises in their SFHs all host repeating FRBs, demonstrating heightened star formation activity in the last ≲100 Myr, one nonrepeating host shows this SFH as well. Our results support progenitor models with short delay channels (i.e., magnetars formed via core-collapse supernova) for most FRBs, but the presence of some FRBs in less-active environments suggests a fraction form through more delayed channels.
Publishing Australian Marine Data to OBIS: Twenty Years of Lessons Learnt
Authors: Watts Dave , Tattersall Katherine , Rajbhandari Sachit
Published: August 2023

In 2003, the Australian Antarctic Data Centre published the first Australian dataset of seabirds from the Southern Ocean to OBIS (Ocean Biodiversity Information System) via DiGIR (Distributed Generic Information Retrieval). The dataset initially had 17 fields with an emphasis on counts of individuals. Standards evolved and with the development of the IPT (Integrated Publishing Toolkit) by GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) around 2008, large datasets could be published. OBIS subsequently adopted the IPT as the preferred publishing tool for providers to use. In 2016, the Darwin Core Event core with the OBIS Extended Measurements and Facts extension was released (De Pooter et al. 2017), meaning that richer and more comprehensive datasets could be published via the IPT. It is only recently that the biological aggregators (e.g., OBIS, GBIF) are looking at enhancing functionality to report this data.

The Australian OBIS Node (OBIS-AU), hosted by CSIRO NCMI (the Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organisation National Collections and Marine Infrastructure Business Unit) now manages an Australian region marine biodiversity IPT with 30 million records from over 450 datasets. In the last 12 months, using the GBIF DNA Derived Data Extention, the OBIS-AU Node has published extensive eDNA datasets to OBIS with sequences and DNA related metadata.

OBIS-AU has developed tools and procedures to ensure that data is of the best possible quality before it is published. Issues covered include preventing the duplication of data, preserving context, enhancing data once published with improvements in publication schemas, matching taxa, and identification of temporal or spatial errors.
Association Between Social Frailty and Life Satisfaction Among Older Adults: The Role of Functional Limitations and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Jeong Ha Na , Chang Sun Ju
Published: August 2023

The current study aimed to identify life satisfaction depending on the degree of social frailty and explore the mediating role of functional limitations and depressive symptoms between social frailty and life satisfaction. A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey was used. Data of 6,479 older adults were selected from the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans. Of all participants, 2,595 (40.1%) and 1,605 (24.8%) had social prefrailty and frailty, respectively. Life satisfaction of participants with social frailty was significantly worse than those without social frailty. Social frailty negatively influenced life satisfaction. Functional limitations and depressive symptoms serially mediated the association between social frailty and life satisfaction. This mediation model provided evidence of the associations among social frailty, functional limitations, depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction in older adults. In community care settings, nurses should recognize the assessment of social frailty to enhance the subjective well-being of older adults. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 16
(6), 291–300.]
On $ p $-Laplacian Kirchhoff-Schrödinger-Poisson type systems with critical growth on the Heisenberg group
Authors: Bai Shujie , Song Yueqiang , Repovš Dušan D.
Published: August 2023

In this article, we investigate the Kirchhoff-Schrödinger-Poisson type systems on the Heisenberg group of the following form:

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \left\{ \begin{array}{lll} {-(a+b\int_{\Omega}|\nabla_{H} u|^{p}d\xi)\Delta_{H, p}u-\mu\phi |u|^{p-2}u} = \lambda |u|^{q-2}u+|u|^{Q^{\ast}-2}u &\mbox{in}\ \Omega, \\ -\Delta_{H}\phi = |u|^{p} &\mbox{in}\ \Omega, \\ u = \phi = 0 &\mbox{on}\ \partial\Omega, \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where $ a, b $ are positive real numbers, $ \Omega\subset \mathbb{H}^N $ is a bounded region with smooth boundary, $ 1 < p < Q $, $ Q = 2N + 2 $ is the homogeneous dimension of the Heisenberg group $ \mathbb{H}^N $, $ Q^{\ast} = \frac{pQ}{Q-p} $, $ q\in(2p, Q^{\ast}) $ and $ \Delta_{H, p}u = \mbox{div}(|\nabla_{H} u|^{p-2}\nabla_{H} u) $ is the $ p $-horizontal Laplacian. Under some appropriate conditions for the parameters $ \mu $ and $ \lambda $, we establish existence and multiplicity results for the system above. To some extent, we generalize the results of An and Liu (Israel J. Math., 2020) and Liu et al. (Adv. Nonlinear Anal., 2022).
Transiciones hacia ninguna parte: Étienne Balibar, Erik Olin Wright y el problema de la violencia revolucionaria
Authors: Moreno Pestaña José Luis
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo se estudia la teoría del cambio revolucionario en dos autores inspirados por corrientes diferentes del marxismo. En el caso de Étienne Balibar se analiza su teoría de la violencia y la civilidad, mientras que en el de Erik Olin Wright se estudia su análisis de la depresión de transición. El artículo muestra cómo nuestros dos pensadores presentan una teoría convergente de abandono del modelo leninista de cambio social.
Témoignages sonores et critique des sources audiovisuelles
Authors: Cossettini Luca , Orcalli Angelo
Published: August 2023

Aujourd’hui nous pouvons inscrire les œuvres audiovisuelles produites au cours du dernier demi-siècle dans le domaine documentaire. Mais la transcription, sur un autre support, d’une œuvre fixée sur bande analogique met en contact deux systèmes : le système historique, analogique, dont l’œuvre est une manifestation, et le système de remédiation, formé par la nouvelle technologie, par l’ensemble des connaissances et des moyens disponibles à une époque, et dans le lieu où est opérée la retranscription de l’œuvre dans le nouveau médium. Dans ce contexte, nous concevons la reconnaissance comme l’acte intentionnel qui mène à découvrir et à identifier un document audio et à le comprendre comme mémoire et témoignage d’un système résultant des conditions techniques et théoriques. Sous cet angle de lecture, la restauration audio apparaît comme la méthodologie de la reconnaissance des œuvres musicales enregistrées. Dans cet article, deux exemples sont donnés : Al gran sole carico d’amore, œuvre emblématique du théâtre de Luigi Nono des années 1970, et l’œuvre mixte Jour, Contre-jour de Gérard Grisey. Pour finir, les différentes approches possibles des témoignages sonores – conservative, documentaire, reconstructive, sociologique, esthétique – sont présentées sous forme d’une grille qui permet de faire apparaître le degré de variation subi par l’information dans un dia-système de remédiation.
Documentation technique et schéma constructeur : entretien avec Alain Péron
Authors: Péron Alain , Breuil Marie-Hélène , Dazord Cécile
Published: August 2023

Alain Péron fait part de son expérience acquise au contact des œuvres de la collection du Centre Pompidou, de la nécessité d’un travail de groupe et interdisciplinaire et de l’importance de la documentation technique délivrée par le constructeur pour la maintenance et la restauration de matériels utilisés dans ces œuvres.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Dietary Supplements among Allied Health Sciences Undergraduates of Sri Lanka
Authors: Wanniarachchi Pramoda Kalpani , Amarasinghe Sayumi , De Silva Shashini Nipunika , Meghashie G.Shakila , De Silva H. H. Vishwa Kumari Nisansala , Kumari S. B. Himali Priyadarshani
Published: August 2023

According to research conducted in foreign coun-tries among undergraduates, there is a huge con-sumption of dietary supplements without proper consultation, and many have encountered adverse effects. However, there have been no satisfactory research studies done on dietary supplement usage among Allied Health Sciences undergraduates in Sri Lanka. The objective of the study was to de-scribe knowledge, attitudes, and practices of die-tary supplement usage among Allied Health Sci-ences undergraduates in Sri Lanka. In this descrip-tive cross-sectional study, a sample taken from a population of 2000 undergraduates of five Allied Health Sciences faculties in Sri Lanka were as-sessed using a structured, self-administered ques-tionnaire during the period from March 2021 to June 2022. Stratified random sampling was used to select participants from each department using population proportion and finalized by using sim-ple random sampling with 354 respondents as the sample size. According to the results obtained, the overall prevalence of dietary supplement usage was 63.8%. Of the individuals who used dietary supplements, 97.3% were female and 2.7% were male. The most common reason for using dietary supplements (91.2%) was to compensate for the lack of nutrients in the diet. Multivitamins and min-erals were the most frequently reported supple-ments (86.7%), followed by fish oil (84.5%), beauty ingredients added supplements (77.4%), weight loss supplements (75.2%), and pro-tein/amino acids (70.4%). Among undergraduates, there was widespread use of internet-driven, self-prescribed dietary supplements intake (95.1%). A significant number of undergraduates took dietary advice from their family members (79.2%). Only 67.3% asked for medical advice from physicians, pharmacists, and dietitians. In conclusion, preva-lence of dietary supplement consumption among participants is high (63.8%) but most of were not confident enough to recommend supplements to others (75.7%). Furthermore, side effects among consumers were minimum (4.9%) and most of them obtained the desired benefit. This study can be used to provide background knowledge for fu-ture researchers.
Tourism Impacts on Socio-Economic Development of Residential Community in Ella Destination, Sri Lanka
Authors: Bandusena Prathibhani , Dissanayaka Nuwan , Silva D. A. C. Suranga
Published: August 2023

One tool for economic development is the tourist sector. Tourism destination management is required at local, regional, and national levels to profit. The local population plays a significant role in the tourism industry since they serve as the tourists' hosts. Tourism must be promoted to maximize industrial benefits. Positive outcomes must be enhanced, while negative consequences must be controlled. Therefore, this study aims to identify the economic and socio-cultural impacts of tourism on the Ella destination. This research is focused on the homestay community, because it is the main income-generating source for the resident community in Ella, Sri Lanka. The researcher selected 175 registered homestay business owners in Ella destination, Sri Lanka through a simple random sampling strategy. This study applied a Likert scale questionnaire to collect primary quantitative data for this study. Secondary data was gathered from past theses, journal articles, newspaper articles, the SLTDA website, and central bank annual reports. The SPSS software was utilized to analyze the gathered data through questionnaires. The researcher identified that there are eight main indicators that affect the socio-economic development of the homestay business community in Ella, Sri Lanka. These are local culture, local services, the community’s lifestyle, alcoholism, drugs, and prostitution, employment and income opportunities, investment & spending, infrastructure, and tourist arrivals to Ella. As per the findings, the researcher recommends that homestay tourism business owners need to invest In eco-friendly business operations, because eco-friendly hospitality services are the main trends in the current global tourism and hospitality business Sector. Also, homestay business owners should know that practical knowledge is highly significant in the tourism and hospitality sector business environment. In the future, community capacity development, Identification of a unique promotional mechanism, and eco-friendly business operations will be needed to manage negative impacts.
Application of School Bus Routing Problem in GIS to Organize School Buses in Kandy City, Sri Lanka
Authors: Aberathne B. G. T. L. , Nandalal H. , Satthyaprasad I. M. S.
Published: August 2023

Generally, Kandy city and traffic congestion go hand in hand. This situation becomes worse during school time. The geographical location of the city, the limited number of entrances and the large number of schools located within a small area are contributing to this condition. This study attempts to propose a new model to reduce school time traffic congestion using School Bus Routing Problem (SBRP) method. Network analysis in GIS facilitates the build of this system. SBRP seeks to plan an efficient schedule for school buses to pick up students from a bus stop and drop them to school by satisfying various constraints like; school time window, maximum walking distance and riding time, and the traffic. SBRP selects the nearest bus stops, generates suitable bus routes and visualizes traffic congestion on roads in Kandy city. Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), closest facility, and location-allocation tools identify GIS-based solutions to SBRP. The proposed model selected suitable bus stops to drop students to a school and to generate the fastest bus route for the school buses. Visualizing a 12-hour daytime traffic in Kandy City, all schools are covered by the 56 fastest bus routes. The maximum riding time and distance limits to 59 minutes and 16 km respectively. Historical traffic data identifies 6.00 am to 8.00 am and 12.00 pm to 2.00 pm as the most traffic-congested time in the city. Finally, all problems of SBRP are solved and a systematic method is introduced to transport school students by optimizing the traveling time of students with existing traffic congestion.
Development of a Conceptual Framework Integrating Entrepreneurial Intention, Start-Up Preparation, and Start-Up Decision
Authors: Silva H. M. S. V.
Published: August 2023

The fundamental goal of this study is to develop a conceptual framework that integrates entrepreneurial intention, startup preparation, and startup decision. Thus, the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) technique and article selection based on the PRISMA approach is applied in this study. Between 2000 and 2020, the study included 38 papers from well-known databases. After reviewing previous literature, this study identified seven research gaps. Eventually, it developed a conceptual framework with three contextual variables: perceived educational support, perceived relational support, perceived structural support with perceived behavioral control, entrepreneurship intention, start-up preparation, and start-up decision. This first study combines all seven variables, resulting in start-up decisions under a single framework. The essential constraints are relying on a few databases and using only 38 peer-reviewed publications published in scholarly journals and written in English. Furthermore, academic research articles published between 2000 and 2020 are excluded. This study proposes practitioners of the aspects required early in beginning a business, which supports formulating effective policies for prospective entrepreneurs to enhance economic growth and innovation at the firm and national levels.