bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular implications of hydrophobic organic partitioning theory
Authors: Christman Russell F. , Pfaender Frederic K.
Published: August 2006

Recent normal phase silica followed by reverse phase XAD separation has led to the identification of several flavonoid and condensed tannin structures in Suwannee River Fulvic Acid (SFRA) (Leenheer, J. A., Rostad, C. (2004) Scientific Investigations Report 2004–5276, U.S. Geological Survey). We have used the molecular properties of one of these structures to define ideal behavior during partitioning of PAHs assuming that these structures function as an immiscible liquid solvent bound to finely dispersed mineral particles. Existing data for the partitioning of PAHs into NOM compared well to this ideal behavior under Raoult/Henry and Flory‐Huggins treatments, and activity coefficients of pyrene in the hypothetical NOM phase and the free energy of transfer were estimated. If experimental data on partitioning of PAHs into synthesized samples of these structures is similar to NOM uptake data, it will be attractive to assume that, a) much smaller components of the NOM complex than suggested by gross molecular weight may be important in environmental properties such as solubility enhancement, and b) the effective molar volumes within the NOM complex responsible for solubility enhancement may be solute, or solute class dependent.
Lösung von Karstproblemen – am Beispiel des Irlahülltunnels der DB‐Neubaustrecke Nürnberg–Ingolstadt
Authors: Maidl Bernhard , Maidl Ulrich
Published: August 2006

Verkehrstunnel in verkarsteten Gebirgen sind eine besondere Herausforderung an alle am Bau Beteiligten. Wenn dazu noch die Bedingungen einer Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecke mit fester Fahrbahn kommen, werden die Anforderungen um ein Vielfaches erhöht. Die Vorgehensweise und die getroffenen Maßnahmen zur Gewährleistung einer sicheren Erstellung der Bauwerke und einer dauerhaften Gebrauchsfähigkeit des Verkehrswegs sind Gegenstand dieses Beitrags. Die dargelegte Vorgehensweise wurde am Irlahülltunnel auf der Neubaustrecke Nürnberg–Ingolstadt der Deutschen Bahn AG praktiziert und ist auf andere Verkehrswege in karstgefährdeten Gebieten übertragbar. Im Beitrag wird auf ein mittlerweile umfangreiches Literaturgut, das jeweils zitiert wird, zurückgegriffen, wobei der Vortrag Pöttler, R.; Maidl, R. [1] als Grundlage dient.
100 Jahre Hetzer‐Patent
Authors: Rug Wolfgang
Published: August 2006

Der Zimmermeister Otto Hetzer aus Weimar erhielt auf die Erfindung eines gebogenen Holzbauteils am 22. 06. 1906 ein Patent. Das gebogene Holzbauteil sollte aus zwei oder mehreren Langholzstäben bestehen, die durch Zwischenfügen eines Klebstoffes zu einem Bauteil verklebt waren. Das neue Konstruktionsprinzip hatte zahlreiche Vorteile wie z. B. die Herstellung beliebig geformter Tragwerke, die Unabhängigkeit vom aus dem Stamm gewinnbaren Holzquerschnitt und die Herstellung statisch günstiger Querschnitte. Dieses Patent hat den Holzbau in den letzten 100 Jahren grundlegend verändert.
Rekonstruktion des Baudenkmals “Das grüne Tor” in Danzig nach einem Teil einsturz
Authors: Godycki‐Ćwirko Tadeusz , Korzeniowski Piotr , Wojdak Ryszard , Drewnowski Zbigniew
Published: August 2006

Das Grüne Tor in Danzig ist ein Baudenkmal aus dem 16. Jahrhundert. Die Tragkonstruktion besteht aus gemauerten Wänden und Säulen, die auf einem Holz‐Trägerrost auf Holzpfählen gegründet ist. Von fünf oberirdischen Stockwerken befinden sich drei im Bereich eines steilen Ziegeldachs, dessen tragende Konstruktion aus Holz und mittlerweile Stahlbeton besteht. In den Jahrhunderten seines Bestehens wurde das Gebäude mehrmals wiederauf‐ und umgebaut. Der Zustand vor dem Teil einsturz im Januar 2002 stammte aus den fünfziger Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts. Damals wurde das Gebäude nach den Schäden aus dem 2. Weltkrieg wiederaufgebaut.

Die Katastrophe zerstörte die freistehende Steinsäule samt dem Ziegelgewölbe, das darauf gestützt war. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ursache der Katastrophe und die Art und Weise des Wiederaufbaus des zerstörten Gebäudefragmentes beschrieben. In groben Zügen wird auch die Konzeption der Rekonstruktion des ganzen Gebäudes behandelt, darin hauptsächlich der tragenden Konstruktion der Gewölbe, der Decken zwischen den Stockwerken und des Dachs.
Jet‐based methods to print living cells
Authors: Ringeisen Bradley R. , Othon Christina M. , Barron Jason A. , Young Daniel , Spargo Barry J.
Published: August 2006

Cell printing has been popularized over the past few years as a revolutionary advance in tissue engineering has potentially enabled heterogeneous 3‐D scaffolds to be built cell‐by‐cell. This review article summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art cell printing techniques that utilize fluid jetting phenomena to deposit 2‐ and 3‐D patterns of living eukaryotic cells. There are four distinct categories of jetbased approaches to printing cells. Laser guidance direct write (LG DW) was the first reported technique to print viable cells by forming patterns of embryonic‐chick spinal‐cord cells on a glass slide (1999). Shortly after this, modified laser‐induced forward transfer techniques (LIFT) and modified ink jet printers were also used to print viable cells, followed by the most recent demonstration using an electrohydrodynamic jetting (EHDJ) method. The low cost of some of these printing technologies has spurred debate as to whether they could be used on a large scale to manufacture tissue and possibly even whole organs. This review summarizes the published results of these cell printers (cell viability, retained genotype and phenotype), and also includes a physical description of the various jetting processes with a discussion of the stresses and forces that may be encountered by cells during printing. We conclude the review by comparing and contrasting the different jet‐based techniques, while providing a map for future experiments that could lead to significant advances in the field of tissue engineering.
Declining medical decision‐making capacity in mild AD: a two‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Huthwaite Justin S. , Martin Roy C. , Griffith H. Randall , Anderson Britt , Harrell Lindy E. , Marson Daniel C.
Published: August 2006

This is a report of a two‐year longitudinal study comparing healthy older adult subjects (n = 15) and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (n = 20) using an objective performance measure of medical decision‐making capacity (MDC). Capacity to consent to medical treatment was measured using the Capacity to Consent to Treatment Instrument (CCTI). The CCTI is a psychometric measure that tests MDC using a series of four core capacity standards: S1 (evidencing/communicating choice), S3 (appreciating consequences), S4 (providing rational reasons), and S5 (understanding treatment situation), and one experimental standard [S2] (making the reasonable treatment choice). For each standard, mild AD patients were assigned one of three capacity outcomes (capable, marginally capable, or incapable) based on cut‐off scores derived from control group performance.

At baseline, mild AD patients performed equivalently with controls on simple standards of evidencing a choice (S1) and making the reasonable choice ([S2]), but significantly below controls on complex standards of appreciation, reasoning, and understanding (S3, S4, and S5) (p < 0.02). Control performance was stable over time on all capacity standards. At one‐year follow‐up, the mild AD group did not show significant decline from baseline on any capacity standard. However, at two‐year follow‐up the mild AD group showed significant declines from baseline on the three complex standards (S3, S4, and S5) (p < 0.02), and a trend on one of the simple standards (S1). Over the two‐year period, the proportion of marginally capable and incapable outcomes in the AD group increased substantially for four of the five standards (S1, S3, S4, and S5). Performance on [S2] remained stable over time in the AD group.

We conclude that mild AD patients have impaired MDC at baseline, and demonstrate significant additional decline on complex consent abilities of appreciation, reasoning, and understanding over a two‐year period. AD patients also show emerging impairment on the simple consent ability of evidencing choice at two‐year follow‐up. Capacity outcome data reflect similar declines over time for these four consent standards. The findings suggest the value of early assessment and regular monitoring at two‐year intervals of MDC in patients with mild AD. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of Functionalized Guanidino Amino Acids
Authors: Suhs Thomas , König Burkhard
Published: August 2006

We report the synthesis of guanidino amino acids (GuAA), which are structurally related to Arg and resemble a dipeptide consisting of α‐ and γ‐amino acid with a guanidinium group in the main chain. The compounds are available with different protecting groups in gram amounts and are intended as synthetic building blocks for the construction of synthetic oxoanion or peptide receptors. Tyr, Trp or dansyl‐functionalized Lys can be introduced as the α‐amino acid part, which leads to luminescent GuAAs. The compounds signal carboxylate binding in MeOH, DMSO and buffered water by change of the emission intensity. The property may find use in the construction of chemosensors.
Compositional Dependence of Negative Thermal Expansion in the Prussian Blue Analogues MIIPtIV(CN)6 (M: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd).
Authors: Chapman Karena W. , Chupas Peter J. , Kepert Cameron J.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermodynamic Modeling of Hydrogen Adsorption on Carbon Nanotubes During CVD Growth.
Authors: Barnard Amanda S.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Im3 [Re3(μ3‐S)(μ‐S)3Br9]Br (Im = 1‐Ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium) by Means of an Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Sakamoto Hideshi , Watanabe Yusuke , Saito Taro
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malonate Esters to Nitroolefins Organocatalyzed by Diaryl‐2‐pyrrolidinemethanols.
Authors: Lattanzi Alessandra
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dehydrogenative Nucleophilic Addition of Aliphatic Ether to Benzaldehyde Dimethyl Acetal Mediated by Ether—Boron Trifluoride (1/1) Affording 1‐Alkoxy‐2‐alkylindenes or α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds Specifically.
Authors: Jobashi Takashi , Maeyama Katsuya , Noguchi Keiichi , Yoshida Yasuhiko , Yonezawa Noriyuki
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Unexpectedly Mild Thermal Alder—Ene‐Type Cyclization of Enallenes.
Authors: Naerhi Katja , Franzen Johan , Baeckvall Jan‐E.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unexpected Ring‐Opening Reactions of Aziridines with Aldehydes Catalyzed by Nucleophilic Carbenes under Aerobic Conditions.
Authors: Liu Yan‐Kai , Li Rui , Yue Lei , Li Bang‐Jing , Chen Ying‐Chun , Wu Yong , Ding Li‐Sheng
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of Aryl Hydroxylactams by Reducing Imides with Activated Zinc Dust.
Authors: Yuan Xiu‐hua , Zhang Min‐jie , Kang Chuan‐qing , Guo Hai‐quan , Qiu Xue‐peng , Gao Lian‐xun
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
HIO4/Al2O3 as a New System for Iodination of Activated Aromatics and 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Khalilzadeh Mohammad A. , Hosseini Abolfazl , Shokrollahzadeh Mojtaba , Halvagar Mohammad R. , Ahmadi Daryoush , Mohannazadeh Farajollah , Tajbakhsh Mahmoud
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
High‐Yield Synthesis of Fluorinated Benzothiazolyl Sulfones: General Synthons for Fluoro‐Julia Olefinations.
Authors: Ghosh Arun K. , Zajc Barbara
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Gold(III) Salen Complex Catalyzed Synthesis of Propargylamines via a Three‐Component Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Lo Vanessa Kar‐Yan , Liu Yungen , Wong Man‐Kin , Che Chi‐Ming
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Fluoroalkyl‐Containing Lithium 1,3‐Diketonates in Reactions with Amines and Ammonium Salts.
Authors: Boltacheva N. S. , Filyakova V. I. , Charushin V. N.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Influence of Carboxylic Acids on the Synthesis of Chlorohydrin Esters from 1,3‐Butanediol.
Authors: Mendez Jonh Jairo , Eras Jordi , Balcells Merce , Canela Ramon
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Oxidation of Thiols to Disulfides with Monochloro Poly(styrenehydantoin) Beads.
Authors: Akdag Akin , Webb Thomas , Worley S. D.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design of Novel Polymer‐Supported Chiral Catalyst for Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation in Water.
Authors: Arakawa Yukihiro , Haraguchi Naoki , Itsuno Shinichi
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular α‐Arylation of Zinc Amide Enolates under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Hama Takuo , Culkin Darcy A. , Hartwig John F.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Example of the Three‐Component Reaction: Nucleophilic Ring Opening in Cyclopropenones by Cyanide Ions in the Presence of Water or Alcohols.
Authors: Skornyakov Yu. V. , Tereshchenko D. S. , Ignatenko A. V. , Proskurnina M. V. , Zefirov N. S.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Protonation of 3‐Arylpropynoic Acid Derivatives in Superacids.
Authors: Walspurger S. , Vasil'ev A. V. , Sommer J. , Pale P. , Savechenkov P. Yu. , Rudenko A. P.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Addition of Thiols to Sulfonylacetylenes: Synthetic Applications.
Authors: Medel Rocio , Plumet Joaquin
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient and Time Saving Microwave‐Assisted Selenium Dioxide Oxidation of 1,2‐Diarylethanones.
Authors: Shirude S. T. , Patel P. , Giridhar R. , Yadav M. R.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Ligand‐Library Approach to the Highly Efficient Rhodium/Phosphoramidite‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Arylation of N,N‐Dimethylsulfamoyl‐Protected Aldimines.
Authors: Jagt Richard B. C. , Toullec Patrick Y. , Geerdink Danny , der Vries Johannes G. , Feringa Ben L. , Minnaard Adriaan J.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
PCP‐Bis(phosphinite) Pincer Complexes: New Homogeneous Catalysts for α‐Arylation of Ketones.
Authors: Churruca Fatima , SanMartin Raul , Tellitu Imanol , Dominguez Esther
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Routes Toward 4‐[(2‐Aminoethoxy)methyl]benzophenone.
Authors: Tang Rui‐ren , Zhu Jin‐juan , Luo Yi‐ming
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Chiral Spiro[2.5]octanones as Products of Methylenation of (3R,6R)‐2‐Arylidene‐6‐isopropyl‐3‐methylcyclohexanones with Dimethylsulfoxonium Methylide. Synthesis, Stereochemistry, and Behavior in Liquid‐Crystalline Systems.
Authors: Gella I. M. , Pivnenko N. S. , Kutulya L. A. , Drushlyak T. G. , Kulikov A. Yu. , Novikova N. B.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Suzuki Coupling of Benzofuran or Benzothiophene Boronic Acids and Dibromo Substituted Naphthalenes: Synthesis of a Potent Inhibitor of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor‐1.
Authors: Wang Zheng , Elokdah Hassan , McFarlane Geraldine , Pan Sherry , Antane Madelene
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Unusual Lewis Acid Promoted Isomerization of trans‐3‐Halo‐3‐phenylthio‐β‐lactams.
Authors: Bari Shamsher S. , Venugopalan Paloth , Arora Renu , Modi Garima , Madan Sachin
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Ligands at the Melatonin Binding Site MT3.
Authors: Boutin Jean A. , et al. et al.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition in the Synthesis of Pyrazolyl‐Substituted Nitronyl Nitroxides.
Authors: Tretyakov E. V. , Tolstikov S. E. , Romanenko G. V. , Shvedenkov Yu. G. , Sagdeev R. Z. , Ovcharenko V. I.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
N,N‐Bond‐Forming Heterocyclization: Synthesis of 3‐Alkoxy‐2H‐indazoles.
Authors: Mills Aaron D. , Nazer Musa Z. , Haddadin Makhluf J. , Kurth Mark J.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of 2‐Aminothiazole‐4‐phenyl‐5‐acetamides via the Open Chain Tautomers of γ‐Keto Amides.
Authors: Tsolomiti Georgia , Tsolomitis Athanase
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
One‐Pot Syntheses of 5‐Amino‐1‐aryltetrazole Derivatives.
Authors: Vorobiov Andrey N. , Gaponik Pavel N. , Petrov Petr T. , Ivashkevich Oleg A.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 3,3‐Dimethyl‐4‐chromanones: Improved Procedures Without Ring Opening.
Authors: Yamashita Ayako , Norton Emily B. , Hanna Cilien , Shim Jaechul , Salaski Edward J. , Zhou Dahui , Mansour Tarek S.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Steady‐State Spectroscopic Study of 5‐Aryl‐2,2′‐bipyridyls. New Fluorescent Compounds in Solid State.
Authors: Mizuyama Naoko , Tominaga Yoshinori , Kohra Shinya , Ueda Kazuo , Hirayama Shun‐ichi , Shigemitsu Yasuhiro
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Potential Biologically Active Compounds: Design and an Efficient Synthesis of N‐Substituted 4‐Aryl‐4,6,7,8‐tetrahydroquinoline‐2,5(1H,3H)‐diones under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Tu Shujiang , Zhu Xiaotong , Zhang Jinpeng , Xu Jianing , Zhang Yan , Wang Qian , Jia Runhong , Jiang Bo , Zhang Junyong , Yao Changsheng
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Phthalazinium Ylides to 5‐Arylidene‐2‐spirocyclohexane‐1,3‐dioxane‐4,6‐diones.
Authors: Sukhotin A. V. , Kartsev V. G. , Aleksandrov Yu. A. , Dolgushin F. M.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Facile One‐Pot Synthetic Route to Substituted Fused Tetrahydropyrimidines. Part 4. Synthesis of 1‐(Aralkyl/aryl)‐3‐ (alkyl/aralkyl/aryl)‐5‐oxo‐1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8‐octahydroquinazolines and 1‐(Aralkyl/aryl)‐3‐ (alkyl/aralkyl/aryl) ‐7,7‐dimethyl‐5‐oxo‐1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8‐octahydroquinazolines
Authors: Chanda Kaushik , Dutta Milan C. , Vishwakarma Jai N.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
From 3‐Chloromethyl‐1,2,4‐triazine 4‐Oxides to Various Substituted Pyridines and 1,2,4‐Triazines.
Authors: Kozhevnikov V. N. , Kozhevnikov D. N. , Shabunina O. V. , Kataeva N. N. , Yushchuk S. A. , Rusinov V. L. , Chupakhin O. N.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of New Tetraheterocyclic Systems by the Mixed Condensation Reactions on [1,2,4]Triazolo[4,3‐a][1,5]benzodiazepines.
Authors: Boudina A. , Baouid A. , Hasnaoui A. , Essaber M.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Bisphosphine Based Hetero‐Capsules for the Encapsulation of Transition Metals.
Authors: Koblenz Tehila S. , Dekker Henk L. , de Koster Chris G. , van Leeuwen Piet W. N. M. , Reek Joost N. H.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Reactivity of a 9‐Membered Azaenediyne: Importance of Proximity Effect in N‐Alkylation.
Authors: Roy Sandip Kumar , Basak Amit
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 8,9‐(1,3‐Benzodioxolo‐5,6)‐5‐azatricyclo [8.2.1.01,5]tridec‐11‐en‐6‐one. A Convenient Route to Structural Analogues of the Alkaloid Cephalotaxine.
Authors: Kuznetsov N. Yu. , Zhun I. V. , Khrustalev V. N. , Bubnov Yu. N.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Three New and Antitumor Anthraquinone Glycosides from Lasianthus acuminatissimus Merr.
Authors: Li Bin , Zhang Dong‐Ming , Luo Yong‐Ming , Chen Xiao‐Guang
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cytotoxic Prenylated Xanthones from the Young Fruit of Garcinia mangostana.
Authors: Suksamrarn Sunit , Komutiban Orapin , Ratananukul Piniti , Chimnoi Nitirat , Lartpornmatulee Nattapat , Suksamrarn Apichart
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of New and Potent Analogues of anti‐Tuberculosis Agent 5‐Nitro‐furan‐2‐carboxylic Acid 4‐(4‐Benzyl‐piperazin‐1‐yl)‐benzylamide with Improved Bioavailability.
Authors: Tangallapally Rajendra P. , Lee Robin E. B. , Lenaerts Anne J. M. , Lee Richard E.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Substituted Naphthalen‐1‐yl‐methanone Derivatives as anti‐Hyperglycemic Agents.
Authors: Kumar Atul , Pathak S. R. , Ahmad Pervez , Ray S. , Tewari P. , Srivastava A. K.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Non‐Peptide Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists from a Benzodiazepinone Lead.
Authors: Williams Theresa M. , et al. et al.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organometallacycles as Intermediates in Oxygen Transfer Reactions: Reality or Fiction?
Authors: Deubel Dirk V. , Loschen Christoph , Frenking Gernot
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Polymer Degradation and Its Role in Nature and Modern Medical Technologies
Authors: Bilibin A. Yu. , Zorin I. M.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Features in Pentacoordinate Phosphorus Chemistry
Authors: Swamy K. C. Kumara , Kumar N. Satish
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Phomactins. A Novel Group of Terpenoid Platelet Activating Factor Antagonists Related Biogenetically to the Taxanes
Authors: Goldring William P. D. , Pattenden Gerald
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Energetic Nitrogen‐Rich Salts and Ionic Liquids
Authors: Singh Rajendra P. , Verma Rajendar D. , Meshri Dayal T. , Shreeve Jean'ne M.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Zeolite‐Based Catalysis in Supercritical CO2 for Green Chemical Processing
Authors: Adewuyi Yusuf G.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tris(diorganophosphino)methanes and Derivatives
Authors: Kantlehner W.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
2‐Functionalized Arsaalkenes and α‐Functionalized Arsonium Ylides
Authors: Aitken R. A.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Manufacture of Chiral Bis‐phosphine Ligands for Asymmetric Hydrogenation
Authors: Cannarsa Michael J.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Imidazol‐2‐ylidenes and Their Reactions with Small Reagents
Authors: Ramnial Taramatee , Clyburne Jason A. C.
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microtiter Plate Based Chemistry and in situ Screening: A Useful Approach for Rapid Inhibitor Discovery
Authors: Brik Ashraf , Wu Chung‐Yi , Wong Chi‐Huey
Published: August 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Proteinadsorption an festen Grenzflächen. Erwünscht und unerwünscht
Authors: Czeslik Claus
Published: August 2006

Proteine adsorbieren spontan an wässrig‐festen Grenzflächen. Treibende Kräfte hierfür sind van der Waals‐, Coulomb‐ und hydrophobe Wechselwirkungen, wobei letztere oft den dominierenden Beitrag liefern. Mit Hilfe verschiedener chemischer Grenzflächenbeschichtungen lässt sich die Proteinadsorption kontrollieren und optimieren. Vor allem Polyelektrolyte erweisen sich als vielversprechende molekulare Bausteine, mit denen funktionelle Grenzflächenbeschichtungen für die gezielte Proteinimmobilisierung aufgebaut werden können.
Was wissen Calamari über Sarin? Enzymatische Dekontamination von Nervenkampfstoffen
Authors: Richardt Andre , Blum Marc‐Michael , Mitchell Steven
Published: August 2006

Die Dekontamination ist neben der Detektion und der Bereitstellung geeigneter Schutzausrüstung die dritte wichtige Säule in der ABC‐Abwehr und im ABC‐Schutz. Auf der Suche nach neuen und umweltschonenden Dekontaminationsmitteln spielen Enzyme eine wichtige Rolle. Als erstes wurde 1946 von organophosphatspaltenden Enzymen berichtet; in den nächsten Jahrzehnten wurden weitere Enzyme gegen Nervenkampfstoffe der G‐Klasse entdeckt, darunter die DFPase. Nach der erfolgreichen Klonierung der Gensequenz der DFPase in den 90er Jahren wurde im Labor erstmals die generelle Eignung der Enzymtechnologie als ein sauberes und umweltschonendes Dekontaminationsmittel nachgewiesen. In den letzten Jahren zeigten technische Dekontaminationsexperimente mit der rekombinanten DFPase, dass die notwendigen Voraussetzungen für eine Umsetzung in ein technisches Dekontaminationskonzept geschaffen werden können und die Umsetzung eines Enzym‐Dekontaminationskonzeptes für eine Klasse der chemischen Kampfstoffe möglich ist. Der Erfolg eines Gesamtkonzeptes für die enzymatische Dekontamination steht und fällt jedoch mit der Entdeckung weitere Enzyme gegen die anderen Klassen der chemischen Kampfstoffe wie Lost und VX.
Endokrine Wirkung von Gallensäuren
Authors: Hille‐Rehfeld Annette
Published: August 2006

Gallensäuren fördern als Emulgatoren die Resorption von Nahrungsfetten. Da sie in hohen Konzentrationen toxisch wirken, wird die Gallensäureproduktion durch negative Rückkopplung begrenzt. Durch Gallensäuren aktivierte Signaltransduktionsmechanismen regeln darüber hinaus zahlreiche Prozesse des Grundstoffwechsels, der Zellproliferation und der Infektionsabwehr im Darm.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors
Authors: Anghileri Matteo , Miceli Rosalba , Fiore Marco , Mariani Luigi , Ferrari Andrea , Mussi Chiara , Lozza Laura , Collini Paola , Olmi Patrizia , Casali Paolo G. , Pilotti Silvana , Gronchi Alessandro
Published: August 2006

BACKGROUND.

The authors explored the prognostic factors and clinical outcomes of patients who had malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) with and without neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF‐1).

METHODS.

Two hundred five patients with localized MPNST who underwent surgery at the Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (Milan, Italy) over 25 years were reviewed. Forty‐six patients had concomitant NF‐1 syndrome, and 159 patients did not. Local recurrence, distant metastases, and survival rates were studied.

RESULTS.

One hundred thirty patients presented with primary disease, and 75 patients had locally recurrent tumors. The disease‐specific mortality rate was 43% at 10 years, with a continuously disease‐free survival rate of no greater than 40%. Presentation with either primary or recurrent disease, tumor size, and tumor site (trunk vs. extremity) were the strongest independent predictors of survival. Margin status and radiation therapy also played a role, mostly related to their effect on local outcome. Pathologic grade influenced distant metastases, but only a trend for survival could be observed. No significant independent differences between patients with and without NF‐1 were observed.

CONCLUSIONS.

To the authors' knowledge, this was among the largest single‐institution series to date. The results confirmed that patients with MPNST share similar prognostic factors with patients who have other soft tissue sarcomas and have some of the worst clinical outcomes. The presence of NF‐1 syndrome per se did not affect survival, but patients with NF‐1 were more likely to have larger tumors. Therefore, such patients should be followed carefully to detect disease as early as possible. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Towards a framework and a benchmark for testing tools for multi‐threaded programs
Authors: Eytani Yaniv , Havelund Klaus , Stoller Scott D. , Ur Shmuel
Published: August 2006

Multi‐threaded code is becoming very common, both on the server side, and very recently for personal computers as well. Consequently, looking for intermittent bugs is a problem that is receiving more and more attention. As there is no silver bullet, research focuses on a variety of partial solutions. We outline a road map for combining the research within the different disciplines of testing multi‐threaded programs and for evaluating the quality of this research. We have three main goals. First, to create a benchmark that can be used to evaluate different solutions. Second, to create a framework with open application programming interfaces that enables the combination of techniques in the multi‐threading domain. Third, to create a focus for the research in this area around which a community of people who try to solve similar problems with different techniques can congregate. We have started creating such a benchmark and describe the lessons learned in the process. The framework will enable technology developers, for example, developers of race detection algorithms, to concentrate on their components and use other ready made components (e.g. an instrumentor) to create a testing solution. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ion‐Pair Formation in the Ionic Liquid 1‐Ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium Bis(triflyl)imide as a Function of Temperature and Concentration
Authors: Köddermann Thorsten , Wertz Christiane , Heintz Andreas , Ludwig Ralf
Published: August 2006

The structures and ion‐pair formation in the ionic liquid (IL) 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide are studied by a combination of FTIR measurements and DFT calculations. We could clearly distinguish imidazolium cations that are completely H‐bonded to anions from those that are single H‐bonded in ion pairs. Ion‐pair formation already occurs in the neat IL and rises with temperature. Ion‐pair formation is strongly promoted by dilution of the IL in chloroform. In these weakly polar environments ion pairs H‐bonded via C(2)H are strongly favored over those H‐bonded via C(4,5)H. This finding is in agreement with DFT (gas phase) calculations, which show a preference for ion pairs H‐bonded via C(2)H as a result of the acidic C(2)H bond.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Properties of As‐Monohalogenated Dibenzoarsocines S(C6H4S)2AsHal (Hal = Cl, Br, I) – A Study of the Transannular Interaction S→As
Authors: González‐Montiel Simplicio , Andrade‐López Noemí , Alvarado‐Rodríguez José G.
Published: August 2006

Addition of AsCl3 to S(C6H4SH)2 in benzene solution leads to the formation of the stable compound S(C6H4S)2AsCl (1). The S(C6H4S)2AsHal [Hal = Br (2), I (3)] compounds have been synthesised by halogen exchange from 1 and the corresponding potassium halide. X‐ray structure determinations of complexes 1–3 reveal that the arsenic atom acts as an acceptor atom exhibiting an intramolecular transannular interaction with the thioether‐like sulfur atom. The geometry of the tetracoordinate As atom in the title compounds is described as distorted pseudo‐trigonal‐bipyramidal with a stereochemically active lone pair and 66–63 % trigonal‐bipyramidal character. The transannular interaction influences the conformation of the dibenzotrithiarsocine system, adopting the central eight‐membered ring with a boat–boat conformation and Cs symmetry.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Affinity of Polypyridines Towards CdII and CoII Ions: a Thermodynamic and DFT Study
Authors: Del Piero Silvia , Di Bernardo Plinio , Fedele Rosalisa , Melchior Andrea , Polese Pierluigi , Tolazzi Marilena
Published: August 2006

CdII and CoII complex formation with pyridine (py), 2,2′‐bipyridine (bipy), 2,2′6′,2″‐terpyridine (terpy), 2‐(aminomethyl)pyridine (amp), and bis[(2‐pyridyl)methyl]amine (dpma) was studied at 298 K in the aprotic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and in an ionic medium set to 0.1 mol dm–3 with Et4NClO4 in anaerobic conditions. Potentiometric, UV/Vis spectrophotometric, and calorimetric measurements were carried out to obtain the thermodynamic parameters of the systems investigated. Enthalpy‐stabilized mononuclear MLj complexes are formed, whereas entropy changes counteract complex formation. These results are discussed in terms of different basicities, steric requirements, and solvation, of both the ligands and the resulting complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out in order to obtain structural information and binding energies in vacuo. The DFT results are correlated with the solution studies. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Atropodiastereoselective Cleavage of Configurationally Unstable Biaryl Lactones with Amino Acid Esters
Authors: Bringmann Gerhard , Scharl Heiko , Maksimenka Katja , Radacki Krzysztof , Braunschweig Holger , Wich Peter , Schmuck Carsten
Published: August 2006

An improved procedure for the stereoselective synthesis of axially chiral biaryl systems is described, by atroposelective ring cleavage of configurationally unstable lactone‐bridged biaryls with amino acid esters as inexpensive and efficient chiral N‐nucleophiles. Starting with configurationally unstable lactones of type 2, which are readily accessible by intramolecular Heck reaction of the respective bromo esters 1, the atroposelective ring cleavage succeeds by using a broad variety of amino acid esters of type 5, leading to configuratively stable axially chiral biaryl amides 3 in good chemical yields and excellent diastereomeric ratios of up to > 99.5:0.5. The axial configurations of the products were assigned by quantum chemical CD calculations and by X‐ray structure analysis. From the diastereomerically pure ring cleavage products, the chiral auxiliary can be eliminated, e.g., by treatment with sodium nitrite to give the respective nitrogen‐free biaryl enantiomers of type 9, with merely axial chirality. By using a standard solid‐phase Fmoc strategy, this approach allows to incorporate the biaryl fragment into peptide strands. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Preparation of Highly Alkoxy‐Substituted Naphthaldehyde Derivatives – A Regioselective Approach to Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Rubromycins
Authors: Sörgel Sebastian , Azap Cengiz , Reißig Hans‐Ulrich
Published: August 2006

An efficient synthesis of highly substituted naphthaldehyde derivatives 8 was required for the planned synthesis of compounds of the rubromycin family. Three different routes towards this goal were attempted. Route I started with 1,5‐dihydroxynaphthalene (10), and the pentaalkoxy‐substituted naphthaldehyde 17 was obtained in a straightforward sequence in moderate overall yield. Route II employed an aryne cycloaddition to generate the functionalized naphthalene skeleton. This sequence smoothly provided the bromonaphthalene derivative 19, which served as a very suitable precursor of aldehyde 24, boronic acid 25, and finally the unsymmetrically substituted hexaalkoxynaphthalene derivative 18. Unfortunately, though, the regioselective formylation of 18 to provide the desired aldehyde 8a was not possible, this key compound being obtained only in low yield. Whereas an attempted Claisen rearrangement of O‐allylated derivative 30 furnished the wrong regioisomer 33, the ortho‐Fries rearrangement of the easily available carbamate 34 smoothly afforded the expected amide 35, which turned out to be essentially inert and could not be converted into the corresponding naphthaldeyde 8b. We therefore developed Route III, involving an alternative aryne cycloaddition and a subsequent regioselective ring‐opening of the tricyclic adduct 41. This sequence enabled us to efficiently prepare acetal 44, which was transformed into the desired highly substituted and regioselectively protected naphthaldehyde derivative 8b. The synthesis of this key compound could be achieved in a 12‐step sequence in an overall yield of 9 %. Our planned rubromycin synthesis was successfully verified by the conversion of 8b into the protected α‐hydroxy enone 7b by addition of lithiated methoxyallene followed by hydrolysis and subsequent silylation of intermediate 7a. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Sulfonamide Ligands Attained Through Opening of Saccharin Derivatives
Authors: Robinson Richard I. , Fryatt Ross , Wilson Claire , Woodward Simon
Published: August 2006

Literature N‐alkylsaccharins (saccharin‐R2) have been shown in some cases to be O‐alkylated regioisomers by crystallography (3 structures). The genuine former species react with (S)‐H2NCHR1CH2OH at 101 °C in dioxane to provide 1,2‐C6H4(CONHCHR1CH2OH)(SO2NHR2) [R1 = H, Me, iPr, Bn, (CH2)2SMe; R2 = Bn, iPr, CHPh2, CHMePh]. The (iPr,Bn) compound is crystallographically characterised. If both R1 and R2 are sterically congested then reaction of the amino alcohol with the saccharin surrogate 1,2‐C6H4(CO2Me)(SO2NHR2) is required. The saccharin‐derived alcohols are converted into the oxazolines 1,2‐C6H4(R1‐oxazoline)(SO2NHR2) (R1 = H, Bn, Me, iPr; R2 = Bn, CHPh2, nPr, iPr, tBu, CHMePh). The dibenzyl compound is crystallographically characterised. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Chemical variability of Conyza sumatrensis and Microglossa pyrifolia from Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Boti Jean Brice , Koukoua Gérard , N'Guessan Thomas Yao , Casanova Joseph
Published: August 2006

Five samples of essential oils from the leaves, flowers and root bark of Conyza sumatrensis Retz E. K. Walker and four samples from the leaves and buds of Microglossa pyrifolia, obtained by hydrodistillation, were investigated by GC–RI and 13C‐NMR. One sample of leaf essential oil of C. sumatrensis was investigated by a combination of CC, GC–RI and 13C‐NMR. The leaf and flower oils of C. sumatrensis were dominated by limonene (13.0–25.5%), (E)‐β‐farnesene (7.8–17.5%), germacrene D (3.6–13.6%), (E)‐β‐caryophyllene (9.1–15.8%) and the root bark oil by (Z)‐lachnophyllum acid methyl ester (75.0%). The leaf oil of M. pyrifolia was dominated by α‐humulene (27.1–36.4%) and α‐pinene (18.7%) or Δ3‐carene (15.3%) or (E)‐β‐ocimene (13.4%) and germacrene D (17.4%). The bud oil of the same plant was dominated by (E)‐β‐ocimene (21.6%) and germacrene D (20.7%). Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Volatile constituents of the roots of Echinops kebericho Mesfin
Authors: Hymete Ariaya , Rohloff Jens , Iversen Tor‐Henning , Kjøsen Helge
Published: August 2006

Volatile fractions from the roots of Echinops kebericho Mesfin were obtained by hydrodistillation and solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) and analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS); 65 compounds, representing 73.9% of the volatile fraction in the hydrodistillate from the roots, and 63 compounds, representing 78.6% of the volatile compounds in the SPME extract of the roots of E. kebericho, were identified. The main constituent found in hydrodistilled essential oil was eudesm‐7(11)‐en‐4‐ol (14.3%), followed by caryophyllene oxide (9.7%) and τ‐cadinol (8.3%). High amounts of β‐cubebene (22.7%), followed by β‐patchoulene (11.1%), longifolene (10.4%), and cyperene (8.2%), were detected by SPME. Using both extraction methods, a total of 83 compounds were detected in E. kebericho essential oil. Monoterpenoid compounds represented 2.1% (seven compounds) and 2.1% (10 compounds) of the essential oil volatiles obtained by hydrodistillation and SPME, respectively, whereas sesquiterpenoids represented 72.5% (43 compounds) and 75.7% (31 compounds), respectively. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.