bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NUTRIENT CONTENT AND CALORIC DENSITY ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SENIOR COMMERCIAL CAT FOOD
Authors:   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, DAINA SORANA , MACRI ADRIAN ,   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca
Published: December 2023

"Ageing should be considered as an inevitable physiological state and results in a progressive decline in the body's ability to cope with physiological, metabolic and environmental stress. Nutritional requirements change once the senior cat reaches the senior cat stage, so attention and care is needed, depending on the needs of the individual, even more if a pathological condition is present. Calorie control in mature and senior cats usually means reducing calorie intake by about 20-30%. In the case of geriatric cats, it may be more important to increase calorie intake to maintain their normal physique, as their body condition and weight naturally decline with advancing age. Most diets for senior cats are formulated with appropriate nutrient limits and are lower in calories than rations for adult and young cats; however, there are currently no specific nutritional requirements set. This shows the amounts of nutrients found in different foods can vary greatly. Our main objective was to evaluate the caloric density as well as the concentrations of protein, fiber, fat and carbohydrates in different commercially available canned and dry feeds for senior cats."
DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PROTOCOL FOR MAMMARY TUMOURS IN CANINES AND FELINES
Authors:   Iasi University of Life Sciences, NEAMTU CIUBOTARIU ALEXANDRA , DRUGOCIU DAN GHEORGHE ,   Iasi University of Life Sciences
Published: December 2023

"Mammary tumors are a common pathology among female cats and dogs, and less common in males of these species. Intact and older females are more susceptible to this condition. A mammary tumor is typically suspected when a lump is discovered during a physical examination of the abdominal area, along the mammary chains. Although surgical treatment is the therapy of choice in most cases, sometimes chemotherapy may be also required. Establishing a correct diagnosis is the foundation for individual optimisation of treatment, as well as the possibility to predict the course of the pathology and prognosis. Diagnosis is based on obtaining an accurate history, clinical, paraclinical and imaging examination of the patient. All this will allow a tumor staging, which will guide therapy and prognosis. This article presents a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm developed after centralizing the latest data published in the literature, providing a guide in the management of mammary tumors in canids and felines."
ASSESSMENT OF THE SPOILAGE MICROFLORA IN SWINE AND BROILER CARCASSES
Authors:   Spiru Haret University, BELOUS MADALINA , MIHAIU MARIN ,   Spiru Haret University, DAN SORIN ,   Spiru Haret University, TABARAN ALEXANDRA ,   Spiru Haret University
Published: December 2023

"The microbial load is of major importance in terms of the quality, sanity, and freshness of the meat. The aim of our study was to perform a microbial risk assessment at warm and chilled swine and broilers carcasses represented by the psychrotrophic bacteria. The research material was represented by swine and broiler carcasses collected in past years. The results showed a variation in swine and broilers microbiological carcasses. The point of interest was based on the microorganisms presented in both species. Microbial load from the surface of carcasses is significantly influenced by the temperature in the chilling room of the slaughterhouse, if the temperature is inadequate, the microbial load is significantly higher."
THE IMPORTANCE OF PHAGOCYTOSIS IN ASSESSING CELLULAR IMMUNITY AT LAMBS
Authors:   The State Agrarian University of Moldova, GOLBAN RITA
Published: December 2023

"The scientific research reflected in these investigations constituted the study of some immunological aspects of the immune defence mechanisms in various periods at lambs. As a result of the immunological investigation, various indices characteristic of phagocytic activity and intensity were revealed. It was found that the phagocytic activity in these periods of the lambs' life is primarily attributed to neutrophils, the rest being carried out by macrophages. At the same time, the investigations have demonstrated that the defence mechanisms of the investigated animals are not triggered enough to protect the aggression of microorganisms, viruses and other pathogenic agents. The results of the study determined that the regulation of the humoral or cellular immune response is a complex modulation process involving a series of means through which the body's specific defence is maintained at a certain level and with a certain duration, in order to achieve homeostasis and preserve health status."
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE APPLICATION OF VACCINIUM MYRTILLUS AND ARONIA MELANOCARPA AS NATURAL PRESERVATIVES IN MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS: A REVIEW
Authors:   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, GHEORGHE-IRIMIA RALUCA-ANIELA , TAPALOAGA DANA ,   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, PETCU CARMEN-DANIELA ,   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, GHIMPETEANU OANA MARGARITA ,   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, MILITARU MANUELLA ,   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest
Published: December 2023

"In the contemporary food industry, preservation of meat and meat products remains a paramount concern for ensuring safety, quality, and extended shelf life. Against the backdrop of consumer demand for natural and clean-label food additives, this comprehensive review investigates the current trends in utilizing Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry) and Aronia melanocarpa (chokeberry) extracts as natural preservatives in meat and meat products. The review begins by elucidating the intrinsic antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of these berry extracts, emphasizing their relevance in the preservation of meat products. Recent research highlights their efficacy in reducing lipid oxidation, extending the shelf life of meat products, and inhibiting microbial proliferation. Furthermore, it explores various application methods, including their incorporation into meat matrices and the development of edible coatings, shedding light on innovative techniques and emerging technologies. The practicality of deploying these natural preservatives in meat processing is substantiated through industrial applications and illustrative case studies. Recognizing the promise of these natural preservatives, the review acknowledges the hurdles faced, including formulation optimization, cost-effectiveness, and consumer perceptions. Overcoming these challenges is crucial for their widespread adoption. The review concludes by summarizing key findings and underscores the pivotal role of Vaccinium myrtillus and Aronia melanocarpa in shaping the landscape of meat preservation while ensuring consumer safety and satisfaction."
MAMMARY GLAND DEVELOPMENT IN DOGS AND CATS IN RELATION TO THEIR SEXUAL CYCLE
Authors:   Iasi University of Life Sciences, NEAMTU CIUBOTARIU ALEXANDRA , CIORNEI STEFAN G. ,   Iasi University of Life Sciences, ROSCA PETRU ,   Iasi University of Life Sciences, DRUGOCIU DAN G. ,   Iasi University of Life Sciences
Published: December 2023

"The mammary gland is a modified sweat gland specialized in milk secretion, whose development is synchronized with the sexual function, being directly influenced by the stages of the sexual cycle in both canids and felines. Knowledge of morphology and physiology is essential for a correct approach of the mammary diseases, an important pathology affecting two categories: the adult female and the newborns. There are numerous controversies in the literature regarding the terminology and duration of the dog and cat sexual cycle, leading to the existent variability of the information. However, for the bitch it is unanimously accepted that most canine breeds have two estrous periods per year, usually in spring and autumn. This period can be systematically divided into proestrus, estrus, luteal phase and anestrus. In this species, the proestrus and estrus periods are long and necessarily accompanied by a long luteal phase. These are then followed by anestrus, which is not influenced by the season, unlike the cat. The queen is a seasonally polyestrous animal, which in the absence of mating goes into estrus every 2-3 weeks throughout the breeding season. She will have repeated cycles in the breeding season, which will only be interrupted by gestation, pseudo-gestation or various ailments. The aim of this review is to describe the estrus cycle in dogs and cats, and its connection with mammary gland development, a gland with unique growth due to the fact that the final stage of development is reached in the adult female only during gestation."
THE IMPACT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS ON REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS IN COWS – A REVIEW
Authors:   USAMV Cluj-Napoca-Napoca, RAFA Horațiu , NAN Monica Irina ,   USAMV Cluj-Napoca-Napoca, ANDREI Sanda ,   USAMV Cluj-Napoca-Napoca
Published: December 2023

"During the transition period dairy cattle are more susceptible to disease because many aspects of the immune system are altered by uncontrolled inflammation, a condition that has as a cause the metabolic adaptation of the cows. Inflammation and oxidative stress are interlinked, and contribute to the evolution of reproduction diseases of dairy cows. Our review highlights to light scientific data on oxidative stress and reproductive disorders in dairy cows. The information collected is significant for animal welfare and reproduction, and it will create the foundation for future research on the connection between oxidative stress, reproductive diseases, and nutrition in cows."
“HOOF WOODPECKER” AT CORONARY BAND AND HOOF WALL LEVEL IN FORESTRY ENVIRONEMENT WORKING HORSES
Authors:   USV Iasi, LAZĂR Constantin , MIHĂILĂ Iulian ,   USV Iasi, VULPE Vasile ,   USV Iasi
Published: December 2023

"Hoof woodpeckers or penetrating foreign bodies in the hoof are frequently found in working horses. A special pathology is encountered in horses that work in forestry environment. Unlike the metalic foreing body (so called clou de rue) that just penetrate the sole, the wood goes in by hammering (by sudden pressure). Movement between the hoof and the 3rd phalanx causes the foreign body to advance in depth. The study was carried out on a number of 54 working horses in the forestry environment, males, aged between 4 and 14 years. The diagnosis was established on the basis of the clinical examination and the history, the radiological examination being inconclusive. As a particularity, the fragmentation of wooden foreign bodies does not occur at the time of extraction but at the time of hammering through the hard tissues due to the forces that determine the change of the penetration trajectory. Restraint was achieved by physical and chemical means (sedation and anesthesia). The wound was cleaned and then the hole in the hoof wall was widened with the help of the hoof knife. The foreign body was extracted using a thick forceps or a dental extraction forceps. The dressing was changed every 48h until healing. The wound had been washed with potassium permanganate solution (KMnO4) or betadine 10%."
WHAT S HAPPEN WHEN PIGS OR POULTRY ARE DELIVRED TO SLAUGHTER PRIOR TO THE END OF WITHDRAWAL PERIOD?
Authors:   Universitatea Spiru Haret Bucuresti Bucuresti, BELOUS MADALINA , CUCA Daniel
Published: December 2023

"The withdrawal period after treatment with microbials is established to minimize the concentration of residues in meat of treated pigs or poultry. Even Food Chain has very precise rules about sending or not animals to slaughter before withdrawal period thus human errors may occur. In a prior study two questionnaires was distributed to food business operator (FBO) and competent authority (CA) involving 28 countries in and outside Europe (Romania included), involving pig meat production. Then in the second part of the study, the questionnaires were distributed for poultry meat production. The models developed in the previous study were applied for poultry industry and Romanian study case."
SARS-COV-2 INFECTION IN CATS AND DOGS: CLINICAL ANALYSES
Authors:   USV Iasi, MOROSAN Serban , COZMA Andreea ,   USV Iasi, DASCĂLU Anca ,   USV Iasi
Published: December 2023

"The zoonotic origin of the SARS-CoV-2 requires surveillance on animals. We report the potent active and previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 of household cats and dogs from COVID-19 owners in Romania, during 2021 and 2022. These results are in accordance with those reported globally, confirming the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, there is no evidence that pets are involved in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in humans, but are instead accidental hosts."
Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination in Traditional Herbal Medicine (Jamu) by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Authors: Mahmudi Mahmudi , Annisa Mutiara , Farida Mutia , Yusuf Muhammad , Azhari Saiful , Fachrunniza Yunda
Published: December 2023

Heavy metal contamination of traditional herbal medicine (jamu) is a threat to humans, especially at levels above known threshold concentrations. Traditional herbal medicine found in Banda Aceh City – Indonesia, polluted by heavy metals cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) was performed. Heavy metal analysis used Flame - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS) and Chemical Vapor Generation - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CVG - AAS) methods. The validation of the method was performed to obtain more accurate heavy metal analysis results for the samples. Heavy metal contamination, especially Pb metal, with concentrations of 4.32 ± 0.14 mg/Kg to 29.25 ± 0.24 mg/Kg. The Cd metal contamination was only found in herbal medicine sample E with a concentration of 0.80 ± 0.02 mg/Kg, above the threshold. The Hg metal contamination was also found with concentrations of 0.20 ± 0.01 to 2.14 ± 0.06 mg/Kg, and some were not detected. The government should be very concerned about stopping the distribution of herbal medicine that can be harmful to health and should inspect drug stores that still sell herbs that do not have established standards.
”… förut kunde jag inte läsa så himla bra”: ett litteraturdidaktiskt projekt med vårdnads- havare och elever i skolår F–3
Authors: Manderstedt Lena , Palo Annbritt , Dahlbäck Ann-Charlotte , Dahlberg Mona , Lundström Gunilla , Jonsson Kristina , Hortlund Elisabeth
Published: December 2023

Denna studie presenterar och analyserar ett läsprojekt i F–3-klasser vid två skolor i en mindre kommun. Litteraturläsning i skolan kombinerades med lässtrategiundervisning och boksamtal som övades i hemmen. Bokurvalet omfattade en bilderboksserie i pixiboksformat för förskoleklassens elever och mer omfattande böcker i skolår 1–3. Eleverna förväntades läsa med eller för vårdnadshavare eller annan närstående, samtala om det lästa och träna de båda läsförståelsestrategierna förutspå respektive sammanfatta. Läsprojektet pågick under sex veckor, och data samlades in genom veckovisa enkäter till vårdnadshavare och, efter avslutat projekt, fokusgruppsintervjuer med elever. Såväl elever som vårdnadshavare upplevde att mängden av textläsning bidrog till att utveckla elevernas läsfärdighet, och bokurvalets och boksamtalets betydelse kommenterades överlag positivt av deltagarna. Läsprojektet belyste och problematiserade skolans kompensatoriska uppdrag för elever som inte har ett väl utvecklat lässtöd hemifrån.

ENGLISH:

This study presents and analyses a reading project in K–3 classes (6–9-year-olds) at two schools. The project combined the teaching of reading strategies with reading fiction and book talks prepared at the schools and then practiced at home. The book selection included easy-to-read books for children, 6-year-olds, and books for the intermediate readers. The pupils were to read at home, with or for family members, talk about the books and practice the reading comprehension strategies making predictions and summarising. Data from the six-week project were collected through weekly surveys submitted by the families, and, after the completion of the project, by focus group interviews with the pupils. According to the participants, the focus on reading contributed to the development of the pupils’ reading skills and selecting suitable books and having book talks were key factors to engage the pupils. The project highlighted the awareness of the school’s compensatory duties towards pupils needing support.

Keywords: Teaching literature, Reading literacy, Reading for pleasure, Collaborative project, Action research, School years K–3, Home reading
”Sen dess slutade godisar växa där”: tolkande läsning inom modersmålsäm­net
Authors: Paul Enni , Hjalmarsson Anna , Kindenberg Björn , Norberg Anna-Maija
Published: December 2023

I denna designbaserade studie utforskas hur tolkning av skönlitteratur förändras när lågstadieelever i modersmålsämnet ryska själva intar en författarroll. En utgångspunkt är att meningsskapande i mötet med texter är dialogiskt till sin natur och inbäddat i ett historiskt, kulturellt och socialt sammanhang. Begreppet intertextualitet, det vill säga att texter bär med sig ett eko av andra texter, används dels för analys av transkriberade samtal mellan en modersmålslärare och hennes elever, dels för analys av elevernas egenförfattade berättelser. Resultaten visar att elevernas tolkningar förskjuts från textens yta till det som finns ”gömt” inne i texten, samt från förgivettaganden baserade på den egna livsvärlden i och utanför skolan till tolkningar med intertextuella kopplingar till undervisningens sammanhang. Tolkningarna blir även mer flerstämmiga, vilket bidrar till utveckling av en egen röst. Resultaten pekar på att eleverna genom undervisningsinterventionerna blir del av en tolkande gemenskap, där läsförståelseutvecklingen sker inbäddad i ett sammanhang, snarare än som en dekontextualiserad aktivitetet.

ENGLISH:

”And ever since then, candy stopped growing there”: interpretive reading of fiction in mother tongue instruction

This study describes a design-based instructional inquiry into the effects of primary pupils’ adoption of the role of author on their interpretations of fictional texts. It is based on the view that meaning making is essentially dialogic, embedded in specific cultural and social contexts. Therefore, informing our analyses of transcribed interactions between a mother tongue instructor and her pupils, and of the pupils’ authored texts, is the notion that texts carry resonances of other culturally-patterned texts, and that pupils can productively draw on these resonances in developing their ideas. The results support this view: Pupils ‘relocated’ their interpretations from the surface-level of texts to what is ‘hidden’ inside, and from assumptions grounded in lived experiences towards interpretations that aligned with the discourse of the instructional intervention. In addition, the pupils’ interpretations became more polyphonic, providing a context for, and thereby nurturing, their own voices. The results indicate that this type of intervention can help pupils enter an interpretive community in which their reading development is embedded.

Keywords: Interpretative reading, Authorship role, Intertextuality, Design-based, Primary school, Mother tongue instruction, Literary education
Etikk og utforsking i litterære samtaler på mellomtrinnet – om å stille spørsmål til en fortelling om moralske dilemma
Authors: Hennig Åsmund
Published: December 2023

Artikkelen presenterer analyser av to litterære samtaler av romanen Lydighetsprøven: En tenkt fortelling om et barn (2017) av Bjørn Ingvaldsen. Samtalene blir gjennomført på mellomtrinnet, i små, elevstyrte grupper. Målet er å få et bilde av elevenes litterære faglighet, slik den kommer i uttrykk i samtaler om en roman med etiske problemstillinger og moralske dilemma, og der instruksjonen legger vekt på spørsmålsstilling. Transaksjonsteori og dialogisk orientert samtaleteori danner grunnlaget for analysekategoriene som er blitt utviklet. Analysene leder til funn som inviterer til en utforsking av spillet mellom elevers ulike litterære faglighet, blant annet slik denne blir påvirket av både varierende ferdigheter i litterære samtaler som metode og ulik litterær leseferdighet.

ENGLISH:

Ethics and exploration in literary conversations at the intermediate level. Asking questions when reading a story about moral dilemmas

This article discusses two literary conversations about the novel The Obedience Test. An Imaginative story about a child [Lydighetsprøven: En tenkt fortelling om et barn] (Ingvaldsen, 2017). The literary conversations are conducted at the intermediate level (grade 6), in small, student-led groups. The goal of the article is to gain a better understanding of students’ literary proficiency, as it is expressed in conversations about a novel with ethical issues and moral dilemmas, and where the teacher's instruction emphasizes questioning. Transaction theory and dialogically oriented conversational theory form the basis for the analytical categories. The discussion leads to findings that invite further exploration of the interplay between students' various literary proficiencies, including how these are influenced by both varying methodological skills and of variations in literary reading skills.

Keywords: Ethics, Literary conversations, Questioning, Literary competence, Intermediate level
Tio år med ForskUL – reflektioner och framtidsspaning
Authors: Nihlfors Elisabet
Published: December 2023

Forskning om undervisning och lärande har bjudit in Elisabet Nihlfors att skriva en översikt av de artiklar som har publicerats under åren 2013 till 2022.

Sammanfattning: Reflektionerna och framtidsspaningen i denna artikel utgår dels från de 90 artiklar som getts ut i ForskULs de senaste tio åren dels de redaktionella texter som finns i varje utgåva. De presenterade forskningsresultaten ger en rik bild av de kunskaper, relevanta för lärares yrkesutövning och professionsutveckling som finns att tillgå. Samtidigt väcks frågor om vad det är vi inte vet, och vad som krävs för den fortsatta utvecklingen inom området. Det kan gälla förutsättningar som möjliggör långsiktighet och uthållighet, forskning som är jämförande och kritisk. Tillgången till aktuella sammanställningar av forskningsfronten, miljöer som underlättar mång- och tvärvetenskapliga studier i både teori och praktik och så vidare. Framtidsspaningen tar sin utgångspunkt i några historiska nedslag, tidskriftens fackliga rötter som leder till konstaterandet att behovet av lärardriven forskning är stort, att samverkan inom och mellan discipliner och professioner är angeläget för att öka kvaliteten på undervisning, utbildning och bildning. Betydelsen av att göra skillnad.
Kunskapsprodukter för lärarprofessionen – Skolforskningsinstitutets projekt 2016 och 2017
Authors: Lindberg Viveca , Runesson Kempe Ulla , Eriksson Inger
Published: December 2023

Syftet med denna artikel är att beskriva och diskutera vilka, för lärare, användbara och relevanta kunskapsprodukter som har genererats i 11 forskningsprojekt, finansierade av Skolforskningsinstitutet och beviljade år 2016 och 2017. Forskningsfrågorna är: Vad i resultaten kan ses som kunskapsprodukter och vilken karaktär har dessa? På vilka sätt har lärare medverkat i processen att ta fram dessa kunskapsprodukter? Sammantaget har 55 öppet tillgängliga granskade publikationer analyserats. Sex kvalitativt skilda kategorier av kunskapsprodukter har identifierats: 1) Kunnanden och förmågor, 2) Undervisnings- och lektionsdesign, 3) Didaktiska exempel, 4) Redskap, 5) Processer och metaperspektiv och 6) Generella eller kontextuella förutsättningar. Graden av medverkan från lärares sida har varierat avsevärt; från en aktiv medverkan, där lärare och forskare samarbetar på likvärdiga villkor, till en låg grad, där lärare primärt fungerar som bollplank eller forskningsobjekt.

ENGLISH:

Knowledge products for the teaching profession – Projects 2016 and 2017 funded by the Swedish Institute for Educational Research

 

This article examines the knowledge products of relevance to the teaching profession from eleven research projects funded by the Swedish Institute for Educational Research. A total of 55 openly accessible reviewed publications have been analysed. The aim is to describe and discuss which, for teachers, useful and relevant knowledge products that the research projects (granted 2016 and 2017) have yielded. The research questions are: What in the results can be interpreted as knowledge products and what is the characteristic of these? In what ways have teachers participated in the process of producing these knowledge products? Six qualitatively different categories of knowledge products have been identified as descriptions of: 1) Knowings and capabilities, 2) Teaching/lesson design, 3) Didactical examples, 4) Tools, 5) Processes and meta-perspectives, and 6) General or contextual preconditions. The degree of involvement of teachers has varied considerably, ranging from a high degree of active involvement, where teachers and researchers collaborate on equal terms, to a low degree of involvement where teachers primarily act as informants.

Keywords: Knowledge products, Swedish Institute for Educational Research, practice-based research, teacher profession, teaching development
LOS CORPUS ORALES DEL ESPAÑOL CENTROAMERICANO: COMPILACIÓN Y MIRADA VALORATIVA
Authors: Lanza Danny Fernando
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo ofrece un panorama actual sobre los principales corpus orales del español centroamericano, español que es hablado por más de cuarenta y cinco millones de personas en seis países diferentes (Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica y Panamá). El artículo presenta una compilación de los principales corpus orales actuales del español centroamericano. En concreto, su descripción se centra en dar detalles de cinco aspectos: datos generales (coordinador, ciudad representada, año de recolección, etc.), proceso de grabación, muestra recolectada, proceso de transcripción y, por último, acceso y soporte. Finalmente, el artículo reflexiona en torno a cuál es el estado actual de estos corpus y qué déficit y problemas por resolver se hallan en relación con su diseño, construcción, acceso y uso. Este trabajo ha podido recopilar 10 corpus que forman parte de diversos proyectos, 8 recolectan entrevistas semidirigidas y 2 conversaciones coloquiales. La mayoría de las muestras recolectadas pertenecen a ciudades de tres países: Costa Rica, Guatemala y Honduras.
EL CORPUS PRESEEA APLICADO A LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA LENGUA: LA EXPRESIÓN DEL SUJETO PRONOMINAL
Authors: Roselló Verdeguer Jorge
Published: December 2023

La determinación de los factores que condicionan la expresión del sujeto pronominal en español y cómo debe abordarse su enseñanza a estudiantes extranjeros es un tema recurrente en los estudios lingüísticos. En especial, se han observado las dificultades que tienen muchos aprendientes, sobre todo anglófonos, para adquirir un parámetro ajeno a ellos, como es el sujeto nulo. En el presente trabajo, tras un breve repaso sobre algunos estudios sobre la adquisición de los sujetos pronominales en español, proponemos un nuevo enfoque basado en la lingüística variacionista, más concretamente en los estudios realizados por los equipos del grupo PRESEEA en distintos lugares del mundo hispánico. Explicamos los factores que dicho grupo, utilizando técnicas estadísticas, considera más significativos en la presencia del sujeto pronominal y, de acuerdo con ellos, realizamos una propuesta didáctica que pueda ser de utilidad a los estudiantes de español como lengua extranjera.
AFILIACIÓN Y RESISTENCIA EN HISTORIAS DE CONFLICTO: UN ESTUDIO NARRATIVO DE LAS PERSPECTIVAS CHINAS Y ESPAÑOLAS
Authors: Shao Lin
Published: December 2023

Cuando individuos de distintas culturas entran en conflictos, suelen construir en su mente relatos bien estructurados pero saturados de acusaciones y juicios. En esos relatos, las personas a menudo se auto-perciben como víctimas, atribuyendo al otro el papel de antagonista y asociándolo con percepciones negativas y estereotipadas (Winslade & Monk, 2000). Pese a su naturaleza sesgada, dichas narrativas reflejan las expectativas y actitudes de los involucrados respecto al conflicto y su resolución, por lo que muchas veces son consideradas como estrategias sólidas para des-escalar tensiones y resolver disputas (Mayer, 2021; Stewart & Maxwell, 2010). Reconociendo el valor de las narrativas en la gestión de conflictos, este estudio ha recopilado narrativas orales de participantes chinos y españoles ante una serie de escenarios hipotéticos previamente diseñados. Al analizar las respuestas narrativas, se exploran las diversas formas en las que los chinos y españoles perciben, interpretan y comunican los conflictos intragrupales/intergrupales, con un foco particular en las manifestaciones de la afiliación y resistencia grupal. Las diferencias y similitudes halladas en la dinámica entre afiliación y resistencia, vinculadas a patrones culturales como la preocupación por la imagen, valores, normas de conflicto o atributos personales (Ting-Toomey & Oetzel, 2001) albergan el potencial de facilitar las futuras interacciones sino-españolas.
PALABRAS CLAVE: narrativa oral, narrativa ficcional audiovisual, gestión de conflictos interculturales, interacciones sino-españolas, actividad de imagen, endogrupo/exogrupo
Economic instruments of the EU's political influence in Central Asia
Authors: Serbina Anna Stepanovna
Published: December 2023

The subject of this article is the assessment of the competitiveness of the European Union in the "Big Game" for influence in Central Asia. Brussels is actively using economic opportunities to promote its foreign policy interests. It is worth noting that for the Central Asian countries that pursue a multi-vector and pragmatic foreign policy, economic cooperation with the European Union is also a priority. The article examines the effectiveness of the use of some economic instruments of EU influence in relation to the countries of Central Asia. Particular attention is paid to assessing the effectiveness of the development of trade relations and the creation of preferential regimes, the provision of financial assistance as an instrument of political coercion. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the position is confirmed that the restrictions in the field of trade and investment, the conditions for providing financial assistance imposed by Brussels to exert political pressure on the countries of the region are ineffective. The author comes to the conclusion that political blackmail by the EU against the Central Asian states reduces the level of their trust. Ignorance of local specifics complicates the implementation of joint projects and programs. It is stated that the EU strategy in Central Asia is losing out to the strategies of third countries, primarily China and Russia.
Single-cell sequencing highlights heterogeneity and malignant progression in actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zou Dan-Dan , Sun Ya-Zhou , Li Xin-Jie , Wu Wen-Juan , Xu Dan , He Yu-Tong , Qi Jue , Tu Ying , Tang Yang , Tu Yun-Hua , Wang Xiao-Li , Li Xing , Lu Feng-Yan , Huang Ling , Long Heng , He Li , Li Xin
Published: December 2023

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most frequent of the keratinocyte-derived malignancies with actinic keratosis (AK) as a precancerous lesion. To comprehensively delineate the underlying mechanisms for the whole progression from normal skin to AK to invasive cSCC, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to acquire the transcriptomes of 138,982 cells from 13 samples of six patients including AK, squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCIS), cSCC, and their matched normal tissues, covering comprehensive clinical courses of cSCC. We identified diverse cell types, including important subtypes with different gene expression profiles and functions in major keratinocytes. In SCCIS, we discovered the malignant subtypes of basal cells with differential proliferative and migration potential. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis screened out multiple key driver genes including transcription factors along AK to cSCC progression. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)/immunofluorescence (IF) experiments and single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) data verified the expression changes of these genes. The functional experiments confirmed the important roles of these genes in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in cSCC tumor. Furthermore, we comprehensively described the tumor microenvironment (TME) landscape and potential keratinocyte-TME crosstalk in cSCC providing theoretical basis for immunotherapy. Together, our findings provide a valuable resource for deciphering the progression from AK to cSCC and identifying potential targets for anticancer treatment of cSCC.
Distinct states of nucleolar stress induced by anticancer drugs
Authors: Potapova Tamara A , Unruh Jay R , Conkright-Fincham Juliana , Banks Charles AS , Florens Laurence , Schneider David Alan , Gerton Jennifer L
Published: December 2023

Ribosome biogenesis is a vital and highly energy-consuming cellular function occurring primarily in the nucleolus. Cancer cells have an elevated demand for ribosomes to sustain continuous proliferation. This study evaluated the impact of existing anticancer drugs on the nucleolus by screening a library of anticancer compounds for drugs that induce nucleolar stress. For a readout, a novel parameter termed ‘nucleolar normality score’ was developed that measures the ratio of the fibrillar center and granular component proteins in the nucleolus and nucleoplasm. Multiple classes of drugs were found to induce nucleolar stress, including DNA intercalators, inhibitors of mTOR/PI3K, heat shock proteins, proteasome, and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Each class of drugs induced morphologically and molecularly distinct states of nucleolar stress accompanied by changes in nucleolar biophysical properties. In-depth characterization focused on the nucleolar stress induced by inhibition of transcriptional CDKs, particularly CDK9, the main CDK that regulates RNA Pol II. Multiple CDK substrates were identified in the nucleolus, including RNA Pol I– recruiting protein Treacle, which was phosphorylated by CDK9 in vitro. These results revealed a concerted regulation of RNA Pol I and Pol II by transcriptional CDKs. Our findings exposed many classes of chemotherapy compounds that are capable of inducing nucleolar stress, and we recommend considering this in anticancer drug development.
Meta-Research: Understudied genes are lost in a leaky pipeline between genome-wide assays and reporting of results
Authors: Richardson Reese , Tejedor Navarro Heliodoro , Amaral Luis A Nunes , Stoeger Thomas
Published: December 2023

Present-day publications on human genes primarily feature genes that already appeared in many publications prior to completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003. These patterns persist despite the subsequent adoption of high-throughput technologies, which routinely identify novel genes associated with biological processes and disease. Although several hypotheses for bias in the selection of genes as research targets have been proposed, their explanatory powers have not yet been compared. Our analysis suggests that understudied genes are systematically abandoned in favor of better-studied genes between the completion of -omics experiments and the reporting of results. Understudied genes remain abandoned by studies that cite these -omics experiments. Conversely, we find that publications on understudied genes may even accrue a greater number of citations. Among 45 biological and experimental factors previously proposed to affect which genes are being studied, we find that 33 are significantly associated with the choice of hit genes presented in titles and abstracts of -omics studies. To promote the investigation of understudied genes, we condense our insights into a tool, find my understudied genes (FMUG), that allows scientists to engage with potential bias during the selection of hits. We demonstrate the utility of FMUG through the identification of genes that remain understudied in vertebrate aging. FMUG is developed in Flutter and is available for download at fmug.amaral.northwestern.edu as a MacOS/Windows app.
Research on line loss analysis and intelligent diagnosis of abnormal causes in distribution networks: artificial intelligence based method
Authors: Liao Yaohua , En Wang , Li Bo , Zhu Mengmeng , Li Bo , Li Zhengxing , Gu ZhiMing
Published: December 2023

The primary source of energy losses in distribution networks (DNs) is rooted in line losses, which is crucial to conduct a thorough and reasonable examination of any unusual sources of line losses to guarantee the power supply in a timely and safe manner. In recent studies, identifying and analyzing abnormal line losses in DNs has been a widely and challenging research subject. This article investigates a key technology for the line loss analyses of DNs and intelligent diagnosis of abnormal causes by implementing artificial intelligence (AI), resulting in several prominent results. The proposed algorithm optimizes the parameters of the support vector machine (SVM) and suggests an intelligent diagnosis algorithm called the Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm and Support Vector Machine (ISSA-SVM). The ISSA-SVM algorithm is trained to calculate the data anomalies of line losses when changing loads and exhibiting exceptional performance to identify abnormal line losses. The accuracy of abnormality identification employing the ISSA-SVM algorithm reaches an impressive 98%, surpassing the performances of other available algorithms. Moreover, the practical performance of the proposed approach for analyzing large volumes of abnormal line loss data daily in DNs is also noteworthy. The ISSA-SVM accurately identifies the root causes of abnormal line losses and lowers the error in calculating abnormal line loss data. By combining different types of power operation data and creating a multidimensional feature traceability model, the study successfully determines the factors contributing to abnormal line losses. The relationship between transformers and voltage among various lines is determined by using the Pearson correlation, which provides valuable insights into the relationship between these variables and line losses. The algorithm’s reliability and its potential to be applied to real-world scenarios bring an opportunity to improve the efficiency and safety of power supply systems. The ISSA that incorporates advanced techniques such as the Sobol sequence, golden sine algorithm, and Gaussian difference mutation appears to be a promising tool.
Carbon mapping in pine-oak stands under timber management in southern Mexico
Authors: Ambrosio-Lazo Ashmir , Rodríguez-Ortiz Gerardo , Rincón-Ramírez Joaquín Alberto , Velasco-Velasco Vicente Arturo , Enríquez-del Valle José Raymundo , Ruiz-Luna Judith
Published: December 2023

The destructive and empirical methods commonly used to estimate carbon pools in forests managed timber are time-consuming, expensive and unfeasible at a large scale; satellite images allow evaluations at different scales, reducing time and costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tree biomass (TB) and carbon content (CC) through satellite images derived from Sentinel 2 in underutilized stands in southern Mexico. In 2022, 12 circular sites of 400 m2 with four silvicultural treatments (STs) were established in a targeted manner: 1st thinning (T1), free thinning (FT), regeneration cut (RC) and unmanaged area (UA). A tree inventory was carried out, and samples were obtained to determine their TB based on specific gravity and CC through the Walkey and Black method. The satellite image of the study area was downloaded from Sentinel 2 to fit a simple linear model as a function of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (10 m pixel−1) showing significance (p ≤ 0.01) and a adjusted R2 = 0.92. Subsequently, the TB and CC (t ha−1) were estimated for each ST and managed area. The total managed area (3,201 ha−1) had 126 t TB ha−1 and 57 t C ha−1. Of the areas with STs, the area with FT showed the highest accumulation of TB (140 t ha−1) and C (63 t ha−1) without showing differences (p > 0.05) with respect to those of the UA, which presented 129 t TB ha−1 and 58 t C ha−1. The satellite images from Sentinel 2 provide reliable estimates of the amounts of TB and CC in the managed stands. Therefore, it can be concluded that an adequate application of STs maintains a balance in the accumulation of tree C.
Servicio Social en asistencia social en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Ramos Adriana , Santos Francine
Published: December 2023

El texto propone una reflexión sobre el trabajo de los trabajadores sociales, en el cotidiano institucional de la Asistencia Social, en el contexto de la pandemia. Producto de estudios de los centros de investigación de los autores, combinado con una investigación bibliográfica sobre literatura reciente sobre el tema, tiene como objetivo identificar las "nuevas" demandas en la "nueva" dinámica institucional de la Asistencia Social ocasionada por la pandemia del virus SARS-Cov-2. En la primera parte, se presenta una discusión sobre los impactos en estas políticas, de Asistencia Social provocados por el gobierno de Bolsonaro. En la segunda parte, se abordan cuestiones sobre la configuración actual de la política de la Asistencia Social. Se concluye que son muchos los desafíos encontrados con respecto a las atribuciones y competencias del Asistente social.
Morphometric Analysis of Proximal End of Femur: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Center in Southern India
Authors: Sreekumar Rathija
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Fractures in the upper end of the femur are very common. The use of implants for fixation is crucial for the rehabilitation and early mobilisation of patients. Proximal femur parameters play a significant role in the design and development of orthopaedic implants for total hip replacement. Currently, there is a need for orthopaedic surgeons to have a clear understanding of implant sizes that are suitable for the Indian population. Aim: To determine the dimensions of the proximal end of the femur for the purpose of modeling orthopaedic implants. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using 140 dry adult femur bones from both sides, obtained from the Department of Anatomy at Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kulasekharam, Tamil Nadu, between December 2020 and December 2022. The head and neck transverse diameter, as well as the proximal breadth of the femur, were measured using a sliding caliper. Data were collected and the mean and standard deviation were calculated. A t-test was used to compare the measurements between both sides. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 10.0 for Windows. Results: The mean head transverse diameter was 33.88±2.46 mm on the right side and 33.31±3.79 mm on the left side (p-value = 0.399). The neck transverse diameter was 18.11±2.00 mm on the right side and 17.49±2.09 mm on the left side (p-value = 0.157), and the proximal breadth was 79.04±7.21 mm on the right side and 78.03±5.71 on the left side (p-value=0.465). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the head transverse diameter, neck transverse diameter, and proximal breadth of the femur between the right and left side.
Perception of Adaptation Strategies to Climate Variability in Machakos County, Kenya
Authors: Henry Joseph Ndolo , Koske James B.
Published: December 2023

The study was designed to assess climate variability trends on rainfall and temperature data between 1990 and 2020, analyse community perception to climate variability, evaluate adaptation strategies and their effectiveness and examined the challenges of adaptation to climate variability. Farmers were randomly selected and questionnaires administered, while focused group discussions were conducted to obtain farmer’s perceptions of climate variability.  Rainfall and temperature data was statistically analysed using Mann Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator (p<0.05. The study found out there was a significant variation in the amount of annual rainfall received of (p< 0.004) (S= -53) which showed a decreasing trend, while temperature showed a warming trend of (p>0.099) (S=29). Also, farmers perceived that climate variability events were real with (71.1%) and (68.0%) noticing a change in rainfall and temperature respectively over the same period.
The study established that community perceptions on rainfall and temperature trends agreed with meteorological data on observed climatic trends. Planting of drought resistant crops was most popular with (89.8%) (n=255) agreeing, while (79.2%) said it was the most effective strategy. The study found that although some farmers have adopted some adaptation strategies, they were constrained with (82.4%) agreeing that age was a great challenge to adaptation and had a moderate negative correlation with adaptation of (0.097) with labour and (25.5%) saying it was not a challenge.
The study recommends farmers use the study findings on rainfall and temperature trends and data recordings on local agricultural performances to enhance their ability to adapt. To researchers and academic community the study recommends the intensification of research on ecosystem-based adaptation and the use of the results in mainstreaming policy making, planning and implementation of climate related decisions. The results reveal important knowledge that if effectively applied will inform the county government in climate management decisions and reduce farmer’s vulnerability.
Food Fortification to Combat Micronutrient Deficiencies- A Review
Authors: Thakur Akshit , Sharma Rahul , Rajput Reshu
Published: December 2023

The Fortification of food products with micronutrients to address their deficiencies is a concept which has been introduced over a hundred years from now. Yet the problem of malnutrition still persists in the 21st century. Micronutrient deficiencies are a problem which disproportionately affect vulnerable groups like women, children and low income families. Fortifying foods with required micro nutrients is a legitimate solution that employs highly effective strategies to combat deficiencies in these essential nutrients. Food fortification has been a vital part of missions to face micronutrient deficiencies worldwide especially in developing countries.  In this review paper we have started with how fortification works as a viable solution in the current scenario worldwide. A historical overview has been provided. All over the world there are many programs where specific foods are mandated to be fortified with certain micronutrients in fixed amounts to make sure of proper nutritional access to affected socio-economic groups. We used data available from various research articles, government reports and policies to assess the current situation of fortification programs especially in regard to government stance and commitment through policies in India. Various potential advantages and risks of fortification have been analysed from available research.
Soil Chemical Properties, Distribution of Zinc Fractions and Zn Uptake by Rice as Influenced by Long Term Application of Inorganic Fertilizers and Organic Manures: A Review
Authors: Baghel Chhaviraj , Tiwari Alok
Published: December 2023

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is one of the important abiotic factors limiting rice productivity worldwide and is also a widespread nutritional disorder affecting human health. Zinc deficiency greatly influences and changes the soil physico-chemical properties over long application of inorganic fertilizers and organic manures on different type of agricultural soils. Given that rice is a staple for populations in many countries, studies of Zn dynamics and management in rice are of great importance in different agroclimatic regions of agricultural soils. In this context, the continuous application of chemical fertilizers and organics has widely affected the zinc dynamics, nutrient content and their uptake by rice crop.