bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AGRIBUSINESSMEN OF THE TYUMEN OBLAST SOUTH: LIFE-STORIES ANALYSIS
Authors: KHUDYAKOVA Marina V. , SHASHKIN Dmitriy I.
Published: January 2022

Agricultural entrepreneurship, viewed as an essential structural factor for the development of economy and market relations in rural areas, is largely affected by the socio-economic context. The article discloses the realities of Russian agricultural entrepreneurship on the example of various forms of agribusinesses in the remote Russian countryside (companies, farms, peasant farms). Article aims to reveal the characteristic image of a rural businessman of the Tyumen oblast south. Empirical data are obtained as a part of a research project which studies the development of regional rural areas. Authors’ narrative analysis of problematic issues is based on 59 expert in-depth interviews (21 with agribusinessmen, 38 with the ones of related occupations). In the theoretical aspect, the authors rely on classical and modern scientific literature on rural sociology, sociology of entrepreneurship and theoretical and methodological approaches that dominate in these areas of sociology. Qualitative data analysis allowed us to reveal: 1) main characteristics of a rural businessman, their actual qualities and skills necessary for their work; 2) internal and external factors of the business environment, that influence the efficiency of agribusiness. The problems of agriculture and rural areas, considered as barriers to business-activity development, are contextually identified. Scientific novelty of results is determined by the original empirical data, obtained through expert interviews, as it can be used in further research within this field. The application of MAXQDA Plus 2020 tools for analysis and interpretation of qualitative and mixed data is of practical importance.
Ferroptosis Inducers for Prostate Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zaffaroni Nadia , Beretta Giovanni Luca
Published: January 2022

Lipid peroxidation-driven iron-dependent ferroptosis is a regulated cell death
mechanism implicated in numerous diseases, such as neurological diseases, kidney injury,
ischemia, and tumors, including prostate cancer. The cellular mechanisms of ferroptosis
are strongly associated with iron, reactive oxygen species and amino acid metabolic
pathways. Several compounds, namely ferroptosis inducers, impact these pathways and
trigger ferroptosis by i) inhibiting Xc
- transporter system, ii) impairing GPX4 functions
and iii) oxidizing iron and polyunsaturated phospholipids. Preclinical studies show that
in combination with conventional anticancer drugs, ferroptosis inducers are effective in
prostate cancer and in combating the progression towards the castration-resistant disease.
This review overviews the mechanisms implicated in ferroptosis and discusses the findings
achieved in prostate cancer.
Role of TlyA in the Biology of Uncultivable Mycobacteria
Authors: Sharma Mukul , Singh Pushpendra
Published: January 2022

TlyA proteins are related to distinct functions in a diverse spectrum of bacterial pathogens,
including mycobacterial spp. There are several annotated proteins that function as hemolysin
or pore-forming molecules that play an important role in the virulence of pathogenic organisms.
Many studies reported the dual activity of mycobacterial TlyA as ‘hemolysin’ and ‘Sadenosylmethionine
dependent rRNA methylase’. To act as a hemolysin, a sequence must have a
signal sequence and transmembrane segment, which helps the protein enter the extracellular environment.
Interestingly, the mycobacterial tlyA has neither traditional signal sequences of general/
sec/tat pathways nor any transmembrane segments. Still, it can reach the extracellular milieu
with the help of non-classical signal mechanisms. Also, retention of tlyA in cultivable mycobacterial
pathogens (such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. marinum) as well as uncultivated mycobacterial
pathogens despite their extreme reductive evolution (such as M. leprae, M. lepromatosis
and M. uberis) suggests its crucial role in the evolutionary biology of pathogenic mycobacteria.
Numerous virulence factors have been characterised by the uncultivable mycobacteria, but the information
of TlyA protein is still limited in terms of molecular and structural characterisation. The
genomic insights offered by comparative analysis of TlyA sequences and their conserved domains
reveal pore-forming activity, which further confirms its role as a virulence protein, particularly in
uncultivable mycobacteria. Therefore, this review presents a comparative analysis of the mycobacterial
TlyA family by sequence homology and alignment to improve our understanding of this unconventional
hemolysin and RNA methyltransferase TlyA of uncultivable mycobacteria.
Altered Expression of TRIM Proteins - Inimical Outcome and
Inimitable Oncogenic Function in Breast Cancer with Diverse
Carcinogenic Hallmarks
Authors: Mukherjee Sukhes , Ray Suman Kumar
Published: January 2022

Deregulation of ubiquitin-mediated degradation of oncogene products or
tumor suppressors appears to be implicated in the genesis of carcinomas, according to
new clinical findings. Conferring to recent research, some members of the tripartite motif
(TRIM) proteins (a subfamily of the RING type E3 ubiquitin ligases) act as significant
carcinogenesis regulators. Intracellular signaling, development, apoptosis, protein
quality control, innate immunity, autophagy, and carcinogenesis are all regulated by
TRIM family proteins, the majority of which have E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The
expression of TRIMs in tumors is likely to be related to the formation and/or progression
of the disease, and TRIM expression could be used to predict cancer prognosis. Breast
cancer is the most common malignancy in women and also the leading cause of death.
TRIM family proteins have unique, vital activities, and their dysregulation, such as TRIM
21, promotes breast cancer, according to growing evidence. Many TRIM proteins have
been identified as important cancer biomarkers, with decreased or elevated levels of
expression. TRIM29 functions as a hypoxia-induced tumor suppressor gene, revealing a
new molecular mechanism for ATM-dependent breast cancer suppression. In breast
cancer cells, the TRIM28-TWIST1-EMT axis exists, and TRIM28 enhances breast
cancer metastasis by stabilizing TWIST1, and thereby increasing epithelial-tomesenchymal
transition. Interestingly, many TRIM proteins are involved in the control of
p53, and many TRIM proteins are likewise regulated by p53, according to current
research. Furthermore, TRIMs linked to specific tumors may aid in the creation of
innovative TRIM-targeted cancer treatments. This review focuses on TRIM proteins that
are involved in tumor development, progression, and are of clinical significance in breast
cancer.
Phytochemical Study: Molecular Docking of Eugenol Derivatives as Antioxidant
and Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Abdou Achraf , Idouaarame Sabrine , Salah Mohammed , Nor Nabil , Zahm Soukaina , El Makssoudi Abdelhakim , Mazoir Noureddine , Benharref Ahmed , Dari Abdelmjid , Eddine Jamal Jamal , Blaghen Mohamed , Dakir Mohamed
Published: January 2022

Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) is a natural phenolic compound present in certain aromatic
plants; however, it is generally extracted from the essential oil of Eugenia caryophyllata (Syzygiumaromaticum)
(L.) Merr. and L.M. Perry. This bioactive natural compound has generated considerable
biological interest with well-known antimicrobial and antioxidant actions. This study aimed at
evaluating eugenol derivatives as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents with the aid of molecular
dynamic simulation. The starting material was extracted from cloves using hydrodistillation. Two
eugenol derivatives, acetyleugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenylacetate) and epoxyeugenol 4-(2,3-
Epoxypropyl)-2-methoxyphenol, were prepared and tested against two strains Escherichia coli (E. coli)
and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The results have revealed that the three compounds (eugenol,
acetyleugenol, and epoxyeugenol) possess important potentials for inhibition against E. coli and S. aureus.
The antioxidant activity of eugenol derivatives was evaluated by reacting with DPPH (1,1-
diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), and it was reported that the epoxyeugenol was the most active compound.
The molecular docking scores of three compounds and the amino acids in the active site pockets of the
selected proteins of the two bacteria have approved and explained the biological experimental outcomes.
Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicity of the
Genus Nymphaea L.: A Review
Authors: Kamdem Boniface Pone , Le Doux Kamto Eutrophe , Aboubakar  , Pegnyemb Dieudonné Emmanuel , Igne Ferreira Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

Background:

Plants from the genus Nymphaea L. have been used for decades to treat
various diseases, including dysentery, diarrhea, uterine cancer, gonorrhea, inflammation conditions,
etc. The present study aims to critically analyze comprehensive literature on ethnopharmacological
uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of Nymphaea L.

Methods:

The available information on Nymphaea L. was obtained from textbooks, theses, as well
as published articles through libraries and electronic databases.

Results:

More than 150 compounds, including flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, miscellaneous compounds,
etc. were identified from Nymphaea L. extracts, and pure molecules from Nymphaea L. exhibited
a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer,
immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, cytotoxic, etc.

Conclusion:

According to in vitro and in vivo studies, Nymphaea sp. are very promising medicinal
plants. However, more in vivo experiments, cytotoxicity tests, and detailed mechanisms of action
of their extracts and compounds are recommended to translate their ethnomedicinal claims into scientific
rationale-based information.
Supervised Machine Learning Models and Protein-Protein Interaction
Network Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles Induced by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated
Fatty Acids
Authors: Shityakov Sergey , Chang Jane Pei-Chen , Sun Ching-Fang , Guu David Ta-Wei , Dandekar Thomas , Su Kuan-Pin
Published: January 2022

Background:

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids, have beneficial effects on human health, but their effect on gene expression in elderly individuals (age ≥ 65) is largely unknown. In order to examine this, the gene expression profiles were analyzed in the healthy subjects (n = 96) at baseline and after 26 weeks of supplementation with EPA+DHA to determine up-regulated and down-regulated dif-ferentially expressed genes (DEGs) triggered by PUFAs. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed by mapping these DEGs to a human interactome and linking them to the specific pathways.

Objective:

This study aimed to implement supervised machine learning models and protein-protein interaction network analysis of gene expression profiles induced by PUFAs.

Methods:

The transcriptional profile of GSE12375 was obtained from the Gene Expression Om-nibus database, which is based on the Affymetrix NuGO array. The probe cell intensity data were converted into the gene expression values, and the background correction was performed by the multi-array average algorithm. The LIMMA (Linear Models for Microarray Data) algo-rithm was implemented to identify relevant DEGs at baseline and after 26 weeks of supplemen-tation with a p-value < 0.05. The DAVID web server was used to identify and construct the en-riched KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways. Finally, the construction of machine learning (ML) models, including logistic regression, naïve Bayes, and deep neural networks, were implemented for the analyzed DEGs associated with the specific pathways.

Results:

The results revealed that up-regulated DEGs were associated with neurotrophin/MAPK signaling, whereas the down-regulated DEGs were linked to cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and long-term depression pathways. Additionally, ML approaches were able to cluster the EPA/DHA-treated and control groups by the logistic regression performing the best.

Conclusion:

Overall, this study highlights the pivotal changes in DEGs induced by PUFAs and provides the rationale for the implementation of ML algorithms as predictive models for this type of biomedical data.
Yoga inner beauty as a lifestyle women in Ghanta Yoga Asram Kertalangu Village, East Denpasar
Authors: Karuniati Ni Nengah , Suda I Ketut , Utama I Wayan Budi
Published: January 2022

Balinese women today want to feel more beautiful and acceptable in society. Therefore, women do yoga inner beauty which makes practitioners healthy, someone's beauty will shine clearly, and lead to a healthy and harmonious life. In addition, women also need their self-actualization in the form of a career path for them. This study uses a qualitative-analytic method with an interactive approach. The results obtained are as follows. First, the reason why women choose inner beauty yoga at the Ghanta Yoga Asram Denpasar is because women believe that doing inner beauty yoga and meditation every day can radiate inner beauty energy, making the body healthy, beautiful, and youthful. Second, the process of applying inner beauty yoga for women at the Ghanta Yoga Asram Denpasar is starting from socialization, initiation process, worship, the yoga implementation process is carried out from level I to level V and level of purification. Third, the implication of the application of yoga inner beauty for women at the Ghanta Yoga Asram Denpasar is that after participating in yoga, women become more patient, healthier, more beautiful, more harmonious, and more sincere in accepting the situation, and full of confidence.
effect of independence, professionalism, and experience of internal auditors on fraud prevention with organizational culture as moderating variable
Authors: Putri Ni Putu Achintya Wibawa , Putra I Nyoman Wijana Asmara , Wirakusuma Made Gede , Suputra I Dewa Gede Dharma
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of independence, professionalism, and experience of internal auditors on fraud prevention with organizational culture as a moderating variable. The research data were collected through questionnaires, the research respondents were the internal auditors of Rural Banks in Bali. The method of determining the sample using purposive sampling with the criteria of internal auditors who have more than a year of work experience, with 140 respondents. The data analysis technique used in this research is Path Analysis (SEM-PLS). The results showed that the independence, professionalism, and experience of internal auditors had a positive effect on fraud prevention; and organizational culture strengthen the positive influence of independence, professionalism, and experience of internal auditors on fraud prevention.
Четырехволновое взаимодействие на фазово-амплитудных голографических решетках в фоторефрактивном пьезокристалле класса симметрии 43m
Authors: Навныко В.Н.
Published: January 2022

A system of coupled-wave equations for calculating the vector amplitudes of linearly polarized light waves at four-wave mixing by phase-amplitude holographic gratings in a cubic photorefractive semiconductor of an arbitrary cut belonging to the 4 ̅3m symmetry class is presented. The dependences of the intensities of the polarization components of the reversed light wave on the orientation angle for GaAs crystal of (110)-cut are calculated on the basis of the numerical solution of the system of coupled-wave equations. The obtained dependences are compared with the known theoretical and experimental data. It is shown that the best agreement between the results of theoretical modeling and experimental data at calculating the counterpropagating four-wave mixing in GaAs crystal of (110)-cut is achieved if formation of several phase-amplitude holographic gratings is allowed, and the contribution of the photoelastic and inverse piezoelectric effects are taken into account together with absorption of the crystal.
Световые пули с бесселевым поперечным сечением в среде углеродных нанотрубок
Authors: Белоненко А.М. , Двужилов И.С. , Двужилова Ю.В. , Белоненко М.Б.
Published: January 2022

The propagation of three-dimensional extremely short optical pulses (light bullets) with a Bessel cross section in a medium of carbon nanotubes placed in an optical resonator is considered. As a result of numerical calculations, it was found that such pulses propagate stably with conservation of energy in a limited region of space, including at large times of the order of 100 ps. Key words: extremely short optical pulses, nonlinear medium, light bullets, carbon nanotubes.
Variable Speed Diesel Electric Generators: Technologies, Benefits, Limitations, Impact on Greenhouse Gases Emissions and Fuel Efficiency
Authors:   Laboratoire de Recherche en Énergie Éolienne, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 allée des ursulines, Rimouski, Québec G5L 3A1, Canada, Barbosa Raisa , Issa Mohamad ,   Laboratoire de Recherche en Énergie Éolienne, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 allée des ursulines, Rimouski, Québec G5L 3A1, Canada, Silva Sidelmo ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627-Pampulha, Belo Horizonte-MG, 31270-901, Brazil, Ilinca Adrian ,   Laboratoire de Recherche en Énergie Éolienne, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 allée des ursulines, Rimouski, Québec G5L 3A1, Canada
Published: January 2022

A substantial share of the electric energy is generated with synchronous generators that provide sustained alternating current (AC) voltage and frequency energy to regional and national power systems, which subsequently transport and distribute it to diverse users. In an attempt to reduce environmental effects, electric energy markets have recently become more open, resulting in more flexible distributed electric power systems. In such distributed systems, stability, quick and efficient delivery, and control of electric power require some degree of power electronics control to allow for lower power in the electric generators to tap the primary fuel energy potential better and increase efficiency and stability. This is how variable-speed electric generators (VSEG) recently came into play, up to the 400-megavolt ampere (MVA)/ unit size, and which have been at work since 1996. This paper provides coverage of variable-speed electric diesel generators (VSDEG) in distributed generation and their impacts on fuel efficiency and greenhouse gases (GHG). It discusses permanent-magnet-(PM) synchronous generators, solutions based on power electronics such as diesel-driven wound-rotor-induction generator, doubly-fed-induction generator (DFIG), rotating stator generator, and the application of continuously variable transmission to a VSEG. The benefits and limitations of the selected technologies are also presented. The list of references given at the end of the paper should offer aids for students and researchers working in this field.
Open-source Web Portal for Managing Self-reported Data and Real-world Data Donation in Diabetes Research: Platform Feasibility Study
Authors: Cooper Drew , Ubben Tebbe , Knoll Christine , Ballhausen Hanne , O'Donnell Shane , Braune Katarina , Lewis Dana
Published: January 2022

Background

People with diabetes and their support networks have developed open-source automated insulin delivery systems to help manage their diabetes therapy, as well as to improve their quality of life and glycemic outcomes. Under the hashtag #WeAreNotWaiting, a wealth of knowledge and real-world data have been generated by users of these systems but have been left largely untapped by research; opportunities for such multimodal studies remain open.

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of several aspects of open-source automated insulin delivery systems including challenges related to data management and security across multiple disparate web-based platforms and challenges related to implementing follow-up studies.

Methods

We developed a mixed methods study to collect questionnaire responses and anonymized diabetes data donated by participants—which included adults and children with diabetes and their partners or caregivers recruited through multiple diabetes online communities. We managed both front-end participant interactions and back-end data management with our web portal (called the Gateway). Participant questionnaire data from electronic data capture (REDCap) and personal device data aggregation (Open Humans) platforms were pseudonymously and securely linked and stored within a custom-built database that used both open-source and commercial software. Participants were later given the option to include their health care providers in the study to validate their questionnaire responses; the database architecture was designed specifically with this kind of extensibility in mind.

Results

Of 1052 visitors to the study landing page, 930 participated and completed at least one questionnaire. After the implementation of health care professional validation of self-reported clinical outcomes to the study, an additional 164 individuals visited the landing page, with 142 completing at least one questionnaire. Of the optional study elements, 7 participant–health care professional dyads participated in the survey, and 97 participants who completed the survey donated their anonymized medical device data.

Conclusions

The platform was accessible to participants while maintaining compliance with data regulations. The Gateway formalized a system of automated data matching between multiple data sets, which was a major benefit to researchers. Scalability of the platform was demonstrated with the later addition of self-reported data validation. This study demonstrated the feasibility of custom software solutions in addressing complex study designs. The Gateway portal code has been made available open-source and can be leveraged by other research groups.
An Evaluation Of The Quality Of Patient-Oriented Online Resources For Hemodialysis Access (Preprint)
Authors: Davies Mark
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Patients and families increasingly turn to the internet for information and resources regarding their medical conditions. These searches are conducted in an independent and unsupervised manner, often without guidance from providers. Multiple reports in the medical oncology literature have cast significant doubt on the accuracy and currency of the data found on patient-focused websites

OBJECTIVE

To critically appraise the quality of patient-focused online resources concerning hemodialysis access procedures.

METHODS

A recently validated search strategy using the meta-search engines Google, Dogpile, and Yippy with the query “hemodialysis access” was performed on a cleared-cache web browser during January 2020. Inclusion criteria for the study were websites intended for patient education in English. Exclusions criteria consisted of online monographs, academic journals, and sites requiring paid subscription. Three independent reviewers evaluated the websites using a validated, structured rating tool that scored the Affiliation, Accountability, Interactivity, Structure and Organization, Readability, and Content of the websites. Inter-rater reliability was quantified by calculated kappa coefficients for each element of the instrument.

RESULTS

Out of more than 27 million collective search results using the three meta-search engines, the first 269 hits were considered for analysis. Only 63 unique patient-oriented sites were acceptable for analysis. 46% were sponsored by commercial entities. Accountability and interactivity were weak across sites. Readability as determined by Flesch-Kincaid and SMOG indices ranged from 6th grade to post-graduate level. 19% were written at a college reading level or higher, however these sites had content quality comparable to those utilizing more elementary prose. 85% of non-commercial domain sites were free of inaccuracies compared to 59% of commercial sites (P=.02). Non-commercial domain sites trended toward more comprehensive content as well as superior readability (average 10th grade reading level compared to average 11th grade reading level, P=.08). The average composite score of all the websites was 2.8 out of a maximum possible weighted score of 7.8, indicating poor global quality of websites. Kappa coefficients were 0.7 or greater for a random sample of 10 websites.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first report on the quality of online patient resources in vascular surgery. The study demonstrates that online patient education resources regarding hemodialysis access are poor and require input from the vascular surgery community. Providers need to be aware and understand this issue and seek to inform and mitigate misinformation and potential misguidance. The vascular surgery community should invest in more readable and comprehensive web resources.

CLINICALTRIAL

n.a
Gaming and digital technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Ottiglio Mario , Whalen Robert
Published: January 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

The online gaming industry has experienced tremendous growth in recent years, which has only been intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Advertising by the private sector is common in online games, but games can also present a new avenue for innovative messaging by other actors. Online gaming can be a controversial topic, with debate surrounding the health effects of prolonged gaming. Though the World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes instances of gaming disorder, some research suggests that online gaming is not inherently dangerous and can, in some situations, be beneficial to mental health. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, WHO has recently explored using gaming as an avenue for promoting public health messaging and has been involved in various projects that aimed to spread COVID mitigation guidelines through games. While the direct impact of in-game or advertising messaging on individuals’ behaviours is difficult to assess, the spread in popularity of these tactics and their estimated reach suggests a promising new approach for delivering public health information to certain groups. The goal of this paper is to objectively assess the potential of public health messaging through video games with a distinct focus on the impact of current initiatives being utilized to provide much-needed public health information on the COVID-19 pandemic, especially looking to initiatives in which WHO was involved or led. Whilst there is less literature and research in this field than other COVID-19 related topics, this paper has uncovered several meaningful insights and potential routes for future endeavors. To capture the sentiment of the academic community, an advanced Boolean search was conducted through Google Scholar. Google Scholar was used for this search as opposed to specific journals or databases given the cross-specialty nature of research on this topic (i.e., psychology to marketing). The search of ("gaming" OR "video games" OR "online games") AND ("covid-19" OR "coronavirus" OR "pandemic") AND ("public health messaging" OR "public health communication" OR "public health campaigns") was set over the time period 2019-2021.
Physicians’ Perceptions of Telemedicine Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Idriss Sarah , Aldhuhayyan Abdullah , Alanazi Ahmad Abdullah , Alasaadi Walaa , Alharbi Reem , Alshahwan Ghadah , Baitalmal Mohammad , Alonazi Wadi
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

The term “telemedicine” refers to the use of communication technology to deliver health care remotely. The COVID-19 pandemic had substantial impacts on health care delivery from 2020 onward, and it was necessary to adapt high-quality care in a manner that limited the potential for viral exposure of both patients and health care workers. Physicians employed video, phone, and electronic written (e-consultation) visits, all of which provided quality of care comparable to that of face-to-face visits while reducing barriers of adopting telemedicine.

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to assess physicians’ perspectives and attitudes regarding the use of telemedicine in Riyadh hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main objects of assessment were as follows: (1) physicians’ experience using telemedicine, (2) physicians’ willingness to use telemedicine in the future, (3) physicians’ perceptions of patient experiences, and (4) the influence of telemedicine on burnout.

METHODS

This study employed SurveyMonkey to develop and distribute an anonymous 28-question cross-sectional survey among physicians across all specialty disciplines in Riyadh hospitals. A chi-square test was used to determine the level of association between variables, with significance set to P<.05.

RESULTS

The survey was distributed among 500 physicians who experienced telemedicine between October 2021 and December 2021. A total of 362 doctors were included, of whom 28.7% (n=104) were consultants, 30.4% (n=110) were specialists, and 40.9% (n=148) were residents. Male doctors formed the majority 56.1% (n=203), and female doctors accounted for 43.9% (n=159). Overall, 34% (n=228) agreed or somewhat agreed that the “quality of care during telemedicine is comparable with that of face-to-face visits.” Approximately 70% (n=254) believed that telemedicine consultation is cost-effective. Regarding burnout, 4.1% (n=15), 7.5% (n=27), and 27.3% (n=99) of the doctors reported feeling burnout every day, a few times a week, and a few times per month, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The physicians had generally favorable attitudes toward telemedicine, believing that its quality of health care delivery is comparable to that of in-person care. However, further research is necessary to determine how physicians’ attitudes toward telemedicine have changed since the pandemic and how this virtual technology can be used to improve physicians’ professional and personal well-being.
Evaluating the Role of Veterinarians in the One Health Approach to Antimicrobial Resistance in Jordan (Preprint)
Authors: Bazzi Randa
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Antimicrobials, including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics, are drugs used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals, and plants.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the role of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Jordanian veterinarians in combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and to summarize the registered veterinary drugs between 2017 and 2020.

METHODS

The descriptive study data were collected using a standardized questionnaire focusing on knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Jordanian veterinarians.

RESULTS

The results were analyzed descriptively and showed that the mean knowledge of the participants who agreed with the statement on AMR definition was 84%. The majority (95.65%) agreed that AMR is a challenge for the veterinary sector in Jordan and should be prioritized among other zoonotic diseases. Around 69% of the participants believe that the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials by quacks—fraudulent and unauthorized practitioners—are the main reasons for AMR challenge. The most common practice among the respondents was recommending clients (farmers, owners, etc) to practice good animal husbandry (80%). The study also revealed that there was a significant difference (P=.02) between attending training about AMR and their professional sector (private, public, and academic).

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed the importance of implementing a continuous education program on antimicrobial resistance to improve veterinarians’ knowledge in all aspects of antimicrobial resistance and to increase their advisory skills. Laws should also be enacted to ensure that veterinarians prescribe the correct antimicrobials and improve the surveillance system to monitor the use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine.
EUROPEAN UNION’S QUEST FOR STRATEGIC AUTONOMY AND BIDEN’S FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: Igrutinovic Milan
Published: January 2022

Over the last decade the EU has faced challenges on numerous fronts: economic crisis and slow recovery, refugee crisis, terrorism, Brexit, lack of effectiveness of its foreign and security policy. In recent years, the EU has put new effort to define its purpose and standing in international relations, and it seeks to become strategically autonomous actor. That means an actor with the ability to set priorities and make decisions. As the role of the United States is still pre-eminent in the security of Europe, the EU-US relations have a special bearing on that EU’s ambition. In this paper we provide an overview of the relations between these two actors with the focus on the first year of Joseph Biden presidency, and we argue that through a complex interaction the EU will seek to define its policies independently of the United States, wishing to expand its space for maneuver and action.
OMBUDSMAN U NOVOM RUHU – NOVI ZAKON O ZAŠTITNIKU GRAĐANA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI
Authors: Radojevic Mijodrag
Published: January 2022

Ombudsman je važna institucija u jačanju demokratije, vladavine prava, dobre uprave i zaštite i promocije ljudskih prava. Iako jedinstven model ne postoji u svetu, primetni su pokušaji međunarodnih organizacija i mehanizama da standardizuju različita rešenja o ombudsmanu u uporednom pravu. Proces harmonizacije pravnih propisa u Evropi odvija se pod okriljem Saveta Evrope i Venecijanske komisije, koji je neizostavni „asistent“ u pisanju različitih propisa u postkomunističkim zemljama. U Srbiji je prihvaćen pluralan ili decentralizovani model ombudsmana, sa institucijom na republičkom nivou, pokrajinskim ombudsmanom i ombudsmanima u jedinicama lokalne samouprave. Zaštitnik građana je poseban državni organ koji kontroliše upravu i štiti prava građana. Pravni okvir ove institucije izmenjen je u novembru 2021. godine, nakon donošenja novog zakona o Zaštitniku građana. U skladu sa principima Venecijanske komisije o ombudsmanu iz 2019. godine, uređeni su novi i modifikovani važeći instituti i odredbe, s ciljem jačanja nezavisnosti i samostalnosti institucije i njegove efikasnosti. Autor je analizirao najvažnija rešenja u novom zakonu, objasnio njegove nedostatke i ukazao na probleme u delovanju Zaštitnika građana u Srbiji.
Improved reconstruction methodology of clinical electron energy spectra based on Tikhonov regularization and generalized simulated annealing
Authors: Wilches Visbal Jorge Homero , Nicolucci Patrícia
Published: January 2022

Electron beam radiotherapy is the most widespread treatment modality todeal with superficial cancers. In electron radiotherapy, the energy spectrum isimportant for electron beam modelling and accurate dose calculation. Since thepercentage depth-dose (PDD) is a function of the beam’s energy, the reconstruction of the spectrum from the depth-dose curve represents an inverse problem.Thus, the energy spectrum can be related to the depth-dose by means of anappropriate mathematical model as the Fredholm equation of the first kind.Since the Fredholm equation of the first kind is ill-posed, some regularizationmethod has to be used to achieve a useful solution. In this work the Tikhonovregularization function was solved by the generalized simulated annealing optimization method. The accuracy of the reconstruction was verified by thegamma index passing rate criterion applied to the simulated PDD curves forthe reconstructed spectra compared to experimental PDD curves. Results showa good coincidence between the experimental and simulated depth-dose curvesaccording to the gamma passing rate better than 95% for 1% dose difference(DD)/1 mm distance to agreement (DTA) criteria. Moreover, the results showimprovement from previous works not only in accuracy but also in calculationtime. In general, the proposed method can help in the accuracy of dosimetryprocedures, treatment planning and quality control in radiotherapy.
Drop of Pressure Behavior of Open-Cell Aluminum Foams at High Pressure Flow
Authors: Azamar Manuel F. , Figueroa Ignacio A. , Gonzalez Gonzalo , Alfonso Ismeli
Published: January 2022

Open-cell aluminum foams were produced by the replication technique in three different pore sizes, ranging from 0.71 to 4.75 mm. The manufactured specimens were physically characterized, determining their porosity, relative density, pores per inch and interconnection windows density. A new experimental design is proposed in order to assess the drop of pressure behavior resulting from the injection of gasoline additive at increasing high pressure intervals, ranging from 200 to 25,000 psi, reproducing the tests at room temperature and 200 °C. The regime governing the flow through the investigated samples was determined as a function of flowrate and the foams physical properties. The structural capacity of open-cell Al foams to conduct highly pressurized flow was evaluated by means of compression tests. It was found that at room temperature, the drop of pressure behavior is strongly associated to physical parameters, whilst at 200 °C, dimensional and geometrical properties are negligible. In addition, in this investigation, it is presumed that the studied foams have the structural capacity to conduct fluids at critical conditions of pressure and temperature.
Physical-mathematical model of ground adhesion on the surface of the excavating parts of earthmoving machines
Authors:   Russian University of Transport, Sladkova L.A. , Grigorev P.A. ,   Russian University of Transport
Published: January 2022

A large number of domestic and foreign scientists were engaged in the wear of the surfaces of the excavating parts of earthmoving machines during their interaction with the ground, as well as the problem of the adhesion of soils on the surface of the working excavating parts of machines and methods of struggle. It is known that the classical theory of digging is based on empirical dependencies obtained experimentally. They allow, basically, to reveal the essence of the process of dredging, but they differ from each other, both in their description and in the number of results. In this article, the authors propose, on the basis of probability theory, theoretical studies of the process of dredging and the interaction of the excavating part with the soil. The authors of previous studies confirm the obtained results. The developed physical model of the interaction of soil particles with the surface of the excavating part during adhesion allows us to reveal the physical cause of the process of wear of the surface of the excavating parts.
Review of a series of 9 books “The Kuzbass Strategy Library”, prepared by a team of authors under the scientific supervision of Doctor of Economics, Professor, Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences V. L. Kvint
Authors: Leukhova M. G.
Published: January 2022

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E-Government and Citizens: An Empirical Study of Interaction on the Official Portal in St. Petersburg
Authors: Kaisarov A. A. , Kaisarova V. P. , Vasilieva E. A.
Published: January 2022

This article examines the conformity of e-government theoretical aspects with practical outcomes of interaction between executive authorities and citizens while governance optimization. The empirical part of this study evaluates the current level of communication between local authorities and citizens via electronic resources based on the portal “Our Saint Petersburg” data. Citizens capacities and claims causes are revealed as well as portal functioning problems over the past two years.
Tax Policy in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of Publications in Leading Economic Journals
Authors: Vylkova E. S.
Published: January 2022

In the context of the world-long coronavirus pandemic, it is now essential that it is successful to overcome, break out painlessly and restore economic growth as soon as possible. Tax policy has a significant place in solving these problems. The purpose of the review is to identify, generalize and interpret information on the nature, degree of systemicity, depth, quality, discussion, existing trends and trends, synergy of tax policy research in the conditions of the coronacism in leading economic journals to identify problematic and understudied areas of knowledge that are important for tax science and practice, which require an early solution and whose development is the most in-demand in modern historical conditions. The scientific community in any scientific industry, including the tax industry, is required to build a single interconnected system of dynamically and effectively developing knowledge, rather than simply producing a set of interesting but disparate ideas. The research methods are a strategy of identifying keywords and search terms from the sphere of taxation and pandemic, screening sources and their primary filtering, content analysis of selected articles, critical reflection of groups of articles. As a result, it has been revealed that the palette of tax problems in the covid-19 environment explored in the publications of leading economic journals is fairly broad, but it goes beyond the front, not ahead of it develop models of various forward-looking scenarios for alternative tax options in force majeure; a clear interpretation of the pandemic realities of the pressing problems of the tax agenda of the present historical moment; writing new reviews as tax publications emerge between Cand19 and the exit from the medical and economic crisis.
Effective Practices of Macroprudential Stress Testing as a Tool of Increasing the Stability of Russian Financial System in the Context of Macroeconomic Shocks
Authors: Desyatnichenko D. Yu. , Ryabov O. V. , Desyatnichenko O. Yu.
Published: January 2022

The article examines the evolution of the prudential approach to banking regulation, examines the practical contribution of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision to the development and implementation of internationally unified practices and procedures for stress testing and supervision. The authors share the point of view that the existing methods and practices of stress testing still need improvements and methodological improvements, since they regularly allow the practical implementation of adverse scenarios leading to financial shocks and global crises. As a significant disadvantage of many actively used stress testing models, it is noted that they are often focused on complex, highly bureaucratic procedures for the preparation and analysis of financial statements, the main purpose of which is to assess the probabilities and sizes of losses and identify scenarios for the development of the situation for each specific bank, and no risks for the financial system as a whole. The authors come to the conclusion that it is advisable to prioritize the use of alternative stress testing models in crisis and post-crisis conditions, the forecasts within which are based on the actual values of financial market indicators, macroeconomic variables, and other open data. Special attention is paid to the stylized CLASS model, based on simple econometric models, as well as stress testing the current market value of V-lab. Based on the results of the study, the authors come to a number of conclusions that the role of the macroeconomic component in the procedures, methods, and algorithms for macroprudential stress testing used in Russia should increase, the degree of involvement and the sphere of responsibility for its results of key institutional units of the public administration system should expand, and macroprudential stress testing itself should not be limited to supervisory stress testing in everyday practice.
Analisis Indikator Entomologi dan Sebaran Jentik Aedes aegypti pada Daerah Stratifi kasi Endemisitas Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Jayapura
Authors: Hartati Risda , Satoto Tri Baskoro T. , Murhandarwati Elsa Herdiana , Widawati Mutiara
Published: January 2022

The incidence rate (IR) of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Papua Province in 2017 was8.04 per 100,000 population, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 1.12%. In 2016, the Health Offi ce ofJayapura City declared six urban villages as high endemic areas, four urban villages as high sporadicareas, and ten villages as DHF-free areas from a total of 39 urban villages in Jayapura. This studyaims to analyze larval by House index [HI], Container index [CI], Breateu index (BI), and Maya index[MI] as well as the distribution of vector Ae. aegypti in endemic, sporadic and DHF-free areas inJayapura City. The design of this study was a cross-sectional study. This research was conducted fromJanuary to March 2019. Subjects (375 houses) were surveyed according to WHO guidelines basedon its endemicity stratifi cation. Observations of mosquitos’ larvae were done using visual and singlelarvae methods. The result of this research showed that endemic areas had their HI, CI and BI as muchas 43.3%, 16.5%, and 90.0%, respectively, with density fi gure is six. Sporadic areas had their HI,CI and BI as much as 35.4%, 10.9%, and 57.5%, respectively, with density fi gure is fi ve. DHF-freeareas had their HI, CI, and BI as much as 14.8%, 5.7%, and 35.2%, respectively, with density fi gureis fi ve. The Maya index for endemic and sporadic areas was categorized as moderate, while DHF-freeareas were low.
System for Identifying Pests and Diseases in Soybean Crop through Natural Language Processing
Authors: Faria Carolinne Roque e , S. C. Barbosa Cinthyan
Published: January 2022

The presence of technologies in the agronomic field has the purpose of proposing the best solutions to the challenges found in agriculture, especially to the problems that affect cultivars. One of the obstacles found is to apply the use of your own language in applications that interact with the user in Brazilian Agribusiness. Therefore, this work uses Natural Language Processing techniques for the development of an automatic and effective computer system to interact with the user and assist in the identification of pests and diseases in soybean crop, stored in a non-relational database repository to provide accurate diagnostics to simplify the work of the farmer and the agricultural stakeholders who deal with a lot of information. In order to build dialogues and provide rich consultations, from agriculture manuals, a data structure with 108 pests and diseases with their information on the soybean cultivar and through the spaCy tool, it was possible to pre-process the texts, recognize the entities and support the requirements for the development of the conversacional system.
A Novel Approach to the Measurement of Bourdieusian Social Capital within Institutional Pages and Profiles
Authors: Gomes Alan Keller , Cunha Kaique Matheus Rodrigues , Ferreira Guilherme Augusto da Silva
Published: January 2022

We present in this paper a novel approach for measuring Bourdieusian Social Capital (BSC) within  Institutional Pages and Profiles. We analyse Facebook's Institutional Pages and Twitter's Institutional Profiles. Supported by Pierre Bourdie's theory, we search for directions to identify and capture data related to sociability practices, i. e. actions performed such as Like, Comment and Share. The system of symbolic exchanges and mutual recognition treated by Pierre Bourdieu is represented and extracted automatically from these data in the form of generalized sequential patterns. In this format, the social interactions captured from each page are represented as sequences of actions. Next, we also use such data to measure the frequency of occurrence of each sequence. From such frequencies, we compute the effective mobilization capacity. Finally, the volume of BSC is computed based on the capacity of effective mobilization, the number of social interactions captured and the number of followers on each page. The results are aligned with Bourdieu's theory. The approach can be generalized to institutional pages or profiles in Online Social Networks.