bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainability of Regional Budget Revenues and Its Sources
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Malkina M.Yu.
Published: December 2021

Sustainability of regional budget revenues and the overall regional economic sustainability are mutually influential. The present research contributes to the identification of internal sources of budget sustainability observed in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The study proposed and tested an approach to distinguishing between steady growth rates of real revenues per capita of sub-federal budgets and their volatility using linear time regressions. The variance of the residuals is considered as an absolute measure of risk (instability), while the ratio of the residual standard deviation to the average income value is seen as a relative measure. Based on the construction of partial time regressions and use of variance rules, indicators of budget sustainability were decomposed according to income sources. The proposed methodology was applied to assess average real budget revenues per capita and determine steady growth rates, absolute and relative risks in 83 entities of the Russian Federation in 2010–2017. Budget systems of certain mining and border regions are characterised by low stability, while some highly diversified regional economies of the European Russia proved to be the most stable. In the group of tax revenues, the profit tax is the relative amplifier of budget risk, and the personal income tax is the risk damper. In the group of non-tax revenues, income from the sale of assets is the instability enhancer, and income from the use of property is seen as the damper. Among gratuitous receipts, subventions, followed by grants, play a stabilising role, while subsidies act as destabilisers. The dissimilarity between budget risk structures of the regional average and country portfolio, the most notable in the group of transfers, was explained by different time correlation of budget revenues in Russian regions. The proposed approaches can be improved by using non-linear regressions and appropriate methods for decomposing indicators of budget sustainability according to sources. The research findings can be used for the management of sustainable regional development and intergovernmental relations in the Russian Federation.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Developed and Developing Countries: Impact of Political Stability
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Vasilyeva R.I. , Mariev O.S. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2021

Stable political environment and prominent development of political institutions increase foreign direct investment flows by providing lower risks for investors. However, this impact can vary according to the development of the country. This study aims to investigate the impact of various indicators of political stability on foreign direct investment attraction for different economies distinguished by their development level. Our database includes 66 FDI-recipient countries and 98 FDI-investing countries for the period from 2001 to 2018. By applying the gravity approach and Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood method with instrumental variables (IV PPML), we model bilateral FDI flows, incorporating variables reflecting various aspects of political stability formed by the principal components analysis. Interestingly, we found mixed results regarding the impact of political stability on FDI flows. In particular, political stability indicators were found to be insignificant, when analysing the bilateral FDI flows for the group of developed economies. We obtained similar result for the group of developing economies. However, political stability variables significantly influence FDI flows for countries with different development level, confirming the hypothesis that countries’ development affects bilateral FDI flows. Besides, we discover the significant difference between developed and developing countries referring to FDI-investors. Based on the obtained results, we highlight a few policy implications for developing and developed economies.
Spatial Solution to Measure Regional Efficiency — Introducing Spatial Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors:   University of Lodz, Olejnik Alicja , Żółtaszek Agata ,   University of Lodz, Olejnik Jakub ,   University of Lodz
Published: December 2021

When investigating healthcare efficiency at the regional level, the problem of interactions between neighbouring locations arises. The health of the population in a given region is related to the healthcare in other areas through a medical tourism, a limited number of highly specialised institutions, competition between institutions, etc. Ignoring these inter-regional links may result in a systematic bias in the efficiency analysis. Similar issues may hinder any regional studies. Hence, the main purpose of this paper is to introduce a new approach to measuring efficiency in regional studies through spatial data envelopment analysis (SDEA). The paper offers a proper mathematical formulation of the new methodology and highlights differences between classic data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the newly developed method. The motivation for seeking a new solution to the problem of spatially adequate assessment of regional efficiency is derived from the literature review and a discussion of the presented theoretical examples. The classic DEA allows for multidimensional analysis of the performance of homogenous independent decision-making units. However, in regional studies, an area where DEA has gained popularity, the assumption of the isolation of decision-making units seems to be unfounded. In the SDEA approach, the region-specific spatial context is incorporated into the analysis via the W matrix and spatial interactions are reflected in the model through spatially weighted inputs and outputs. Therefore, in our paper, we verify the hypothesis that spatial interactions are an indispensable factor of regional efficiency analysis. A study of healthcare efficiency in European regions is presented as an illustration of the utility of the new methodology. Furthermore, we compare the results of the classic DEA approach with those of the SDEA, which is augmented with the spatial equivalents of inputs and outputs. Our results suggest that classic DEA undervalues regional healthcare efficiency by underestimating the region-specific spatial context.2 Researchers may find the introduced SDEA method useful in all space related fields when investigated phenomenon exhibits spatial autocorrelation. In particular, the new approach may deepen the regional efficiency analysis of innovation, development, logistics, tourism, etc.
An Integrated PIPRECIA and COPRAS Method under Fuzzy Environment: A Case of Truck Tractor Selection
Authors: ÖZDAĞOĞLU Aşkın , ÖZTAŞ Gülin Zeynep , KELEŞ Murat Kemal , GENÇ Volkan
Published: December 2021

Selecting the right truck tractor is critical for logistics companies involved in road freight transportation. The fact that having many conflicting criteria and many alternatives complicates the decision-making process for the decision-makers (DMs). The determination of the criteria that are effective in the selection of truck tractors and then the evaluation of the alternatives are the main objectives of this study. In this context, a hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) model composed of Fuzzy PIPRECIA (F-PIPRECIA) and Fuzzy COPRAS (F-COPRAS) methods is proposed to be used in the selection of truck tractors. In the related literature, no studies that applied F-PIPRECIA and F-COPRAS together to determine the best truck tractor have been published yet. In this regard, this study is thought to contribute to the literature both in terms of the methods used and the application of truck tractor selection. Moreover, the findings of this study will pave the way for those who conduct academic studies and the authorities of companies involved in road transport in the logistics sector.
ABC/XYZ Inventory Management Model in a Construction Material Warehouse
Authors: STEVİĆ željko , MERİMA Bećirović
Published: December 2021

Accounting monitoring stocks of raw materials and supplies plays an important role in the business of every major company. Since inventories are one of the most expensive types of company assets, accounting for more than 50% of total invested capital, optimal inventory management should be an integral part of every company's business. In order to get complete results, this paper applies the ABC method, XYZ method, as well as the cross ABC XYZ method. The goal is to reduce costs of keeping the inventory as much as possible, while maintaining a level of service customers requires. The process of assortment planning, ordering and inventory management in the construction material warehouse is analyzed. The importance of monitoring inventory movements in order to achieve optimal amount of inventory, as well as the obtained results and guidelines for future operations is presented.
Contributions to Theil-Sen Regression Analysis Parameter Estimation with Weighted Median
Authors: ÖZTAŞ Cem , ERİLLİ Necati Alp
Published: December 2021

Regression analysis is one of the most commonly used estimation methods. In statistical studies, some assumptions must be fully met to make good estimations with regression analysis. Some of these assumptions are not always fulfilled in real life data. For such cases, alternative methods are used. One of them is Theil-sen method, which is one of the non-parametric regression analysis techniques. In this study, different analysis techniques were proposed by using the weighted median parameter instead of the median parameter used in the Theil-Sen regression method. With the proposed four different algorithms, new approaches to Theil-Sen regression analysis estimation have been introduced. It has been seen that the obtained results are successful compared to the classical Theil-Sen results.
The role of health surveillance in the management of water quality in rural properties in seven municipalities of the Region of Paraná
Authors: Athaydes Tiago Vinicius Silva , Crispim Jefferson de Queiroz , Parolin Mauro
Published: December 2021

Sanitation in rural areas in Brazil is still very precarious, with deficits greater than in urban areas. In this sense, the central objective of this research is to evaluate the role of the Municipal Surveillance in the management of water quality in rural properties in the Midwestern region of Paraná, covering the beginning of the monitoring of water quality, the relationship of the Consolidation Ordinance No. 5 of 2017 of the Ministry of Health regarding the choices of parameters on potability indices in relation to the parameters analyzed in the Surveillance, the presence of outbreaks due to diseases arising from the consumption of contaminated water, the demand by residents and the partners who contribute to the realization of these activities. The data were obtained through the application of a semi-structured questionnaire, through the 11th Health Regional Office of Campo Mourão. It was presented that the municipalities have acted in the monitoring of water quality in an uneven way at the beginning of the activities, following the parameters of the Ordinance. The municipalities had demands and demands from residents and counted on the 11th Health Regional Office as the main partner in the monitoring support. Only Iretama presented an outbreak due to the consumption of contaminated water.
“Bobok” as a Mirror of Surprise
Authors: Neretina Svetlana
Published: December 2021

The article considers the phenomenon, on the one hand, of a mirror, in which any thing, subject, person, first of all, is fixed in a reflection that makes it possible to observe oneself for the sake of self — understanding, on the other hand, the boundaries, mainly the boundaries between life and death, which can be crossed for the same purpose with the help of certain mental and physiological processes that affect the psycho — emotional state (in this case, sleep). Both phenomena, which seem similar, are in fact different: in one case, the emphasis is placed on contemplation, in the other — on speculation and hearing, tuned to the voice of another world. It is not by chance that Dostoevsky chose the place of the event: the cemetery as the border between life and death and the cemetery monument as a symbol of memory, where the hero “thought accordingly”. Since the hero of the story is in an inadequate state after the funeral, the theme of menippea, a seriously funny genre, appears as if by itself, especially since M. M. Bakhtin considered the story “Bobok” “one of the greatest menippe in world literature.” The author of the article considers Bakhtin's approach to the story from the standpoint of menippea justified, because he defines this genre not from the point of view of the effect it produces on the reader, but from the standpoint of the philosophy of action, which Bakhtin considered to be the true definition of this genre. The author draws attention to the “logic of turning”, or tropologic, on the basis of which the story is built with its oxymorons, comparisons, and irony. The story, according to the author, is characterized not by ambivalence, but by the convergence of beginnings and ends. The philosophical thought of one of the characters in the story correlates the thoughts of the living and the dead, i.e. those who are in different space-time realities, so that they seem to be embedded in each other. This similarity, which does not deprive the story of carnivalization, which always deals with duality, is internally focused on the idea of like-mindedness having one source, anticipating the question that has not yet been born about the way of modifying being in possibility into being in reality.
Petrus Thomae — an Early Follower of Duns Scotus, Minorite from Barcelona and Author of Metaphysical Treatises
Authors: Ivanov Vitaly
Published: December 2021

The article serves as a historical-philosophical introduction to the Russian translation of the Latin text of the 11th question of the metaphysical treatise of Peter Thomae, OFM “De modis distinctionum” (written around 1325). We present therein the biography of this Franciscan theologian and philosopher from Barcelona, list and briefly characterize all his works that have come down to us (together with their respective editions). The article also shows why the metaphysical legacy of this early follower of John Duns Scotus is of particular importance. Then we outline and characterize the general structure of the whole treatise and of the quaestio to which the text we publish belongs. In conclusion, we describe the type of the Latin original that served as the basis for our translation, namely the collated text of three manuscripts from the 14th century and of one from the 15th century.
Post-Normal Times Laboratory
Authors: Zharkov Evgeny
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, for science as a type of activity and a socio-cultural institution, the question of the boundaries of its own agency is extremely relevant. Various global challenges (energy, climate, pandemics, security, etc.) are in tune with the challenges for the very concept of science, for its norms and values. In a discussion article, V.N. Porus and V.A. Bazhanov discuss aspects of the political agency of post-normal science (J. Ravetz, S. Funtowicz) — a type of science that claims to go beyond normal science (T. Kuhn) as a process simple and definite solution of problems within the framework of the prevailing paradigms. This article discusses aspects of the political subjectivity of science in the language of locations, the most important of which is the laboratory, understood in broad socio-cultural and socio-epistemic aspects. With the involvement of historical and scientific (atomic-nuclear problem) and modern situational cases (COVID-19), the problems of the relationship between “scientific” and “political” in the location of the expanded laboratory are considered. In the extended laboratory, the situational realization of the political agency of science is carried out. It is emphasized that science has not yet acquired the status of an independent and full-fledged political agency, and the corresponding institutionalization. The political agency of science is specific and episodic. Loaded with complexity and uncertainty modernity is considered by a number of authors at the present time as a post-normal times. It is noted that in the light of the post-normal nature of modernity while striving for political subjectivity, science (at the level of a multitude of participating actors) should not change its “personal ontology” (responsibility for the truth), which is difficult to achieve without an appeal to the virtue of wisdom.
Production and Characterization of Palm Oil Based Epoxy Biocomposite by RSM Design
Authors: ŞAHAL Hakan , AYDOĞMUŞ Ercan
Published: December 2021

In this research, some physical and chemical properties of the biocomposite obtained from synthesized epoxy modified palm oil (MPO) and epoxy resin have been characterized. The experimental study plan is made according to Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and biocomposites with different MPO rates are obtained. The chemical bond structure of MPO and epoxy biocomposite has been evaluated with Fourier Transform Infrared Spektrofotometre (FTIR). The experimental, and RSM model results obtained, the density of the biocomposite rise as the MPO rate increases. It is determined that the Shore D hardness of the biocomposite is inversely proportional to the MPO rate by mass. The thermal conductivity coefficient and thermal stability also rise with the rate of MPO (wt.%) in the biocomposite.
In the thermal degradation experiments of the obtained biocomposite, it is observed that the thermal stability of the composite goes up as the MPO rate rises. Activation energies are calculated using the Flynn Wall Ozawa, Kissinger, and Coats Redfern models. The activation energies calculated for the 9th, 2nd, and 13th experiments according to the Flynn Wall Ozawa method are approximately 139.65, 143.56, and 145.28 kJ/mol, respectively. The function with the highest R2 value has been determined according to the Coats Redfern method, and the deviation in Flynn Wall Ozawa and Kissinger model results was below 7%.
[RETRACTED] Label X Muscle - SLOW MUSCLE BUILDS AND LOW ENERGY(Hard to Gain Muscles) v1
Authors: X Muscle Label
Published: December 2021

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[RETRACTED] GroGenix XL Male Enhancement Customer Complaints Reviews - Negative Side Effects v1
Authors: not provided grogenixxlofficial
Published: December 2021

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Authors: not provided drachenmale
Published: December 2021

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[RETRACTED] GroGenix XL Reviews: Cost, Ingredients, Side Effects, Benefits, Official Website? v1
Authors: H John
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Characterizing the neighborhood risk environment in multisite clinic-based cohort studies: a practical geocoding and data linkages protocol for protected health information v1
Authors: Nassel Ariann
Published: December 2021

Methods. This protocol demonstrates how to: (1) securely geocode patients’ residential addresses in a clinic setting and match geocoded addresses to census tracts using Geographic Information System software (Esri, Redlands, CA); (2) ascertain contextual variables of the risk environment from the American Community Survey and ArcGIS Business Analyst (Esri, Redlands, CA); (3) use geoidentifiers to link neighborhood risk data to census tracts containing geocoded addresses; and (4) assign randomly generated identifiers to census tracts and strip census tracts of their geoidentifiers to maintain patient confidentiality. Results. Completion of this protocol generates three neighborhood risk indices (i.e., a Neighborhood Disadvantage Index, a Murder Rate Index, and a Assault Rate Index) for patients’ coded census tract locations. Intended Usage. This protocol can be used by research personnel and clinic staff who do not have prior GIS experience to easily create objective indices of the neighborhood risk environment while upholding patient confidentiality. Future studies can adapt this protocol to fit their specific patient populations and analytic objectives.
Pre-service Mathematics Teachers' Professional Self-Esteem and Beliefs about the Nature of Mathematics
Authors: GÜVEN AKDENİZ Dilşad , GÜREFE Nejla
Published: December 2021

This study aims to examine the professional self-esteem of pre-service primary school mathematics teachers in the context of their beliefs about the nature of mathematics. The study has a quantitative design and 220 pre-service mathematics teachers voluntarily participated in the study. In the data analysis of this study based on a quantitative research design, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analyzes were performed and the Pearson correlation coefficient was determined. According to the findings of the study, professional self-esteem and belief about the mathematics' nature are not affected by gender and grade level. In addition, professional self-esteem of the pre-service teachers who believe that mathematics is a branch of science open to exploration, knowledge generation, and related to other sciences and daily life, may be said to be higher-positive than the professional self-esteem of the pre-service mathematics teachers who perceive mathematics as a set of unrelated concepts and formulas or believe that mathematics is a deductive and precise body of knowledge.
The Current State of Turkish STEM Researches: A Systematic Review Study
Authors: DURAK Gürhan , ÇANKAYA Serkan , NACAK Ali Furkan , BAYSAL Fatma Elif
Published: December 2021

In the 21st century, STEM education is gaining importance day by day. In this study, the purpose was to reveal the content analysis of master's and dissertations conducted in the last five years in the field of Turkish Science STEM education system. A total of 117 theses and dissertations, 18 of which were dissertations and 99 of which were theses, were examined in terms of academic discipline, theoretical frameworks, instructional design models, research designs and models, research areas, statistical analyses, keywords, data collection tools, participants, variables/research focuses and related institutions. In this respect, the present study, which examined the theses and dissertations, is thought to be important with respect to revealing the current situation in the field of science education in Turkey and determining the research trends for researchers.
Türkçe ve İlkokul Öğretmenlerinin Okuduğunu Anlama Becerisini Kazandırma Süreçlerine Yönelik Bir Analiz
Authors: YİĞİT Murat , ELKATMIŞ Metin
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkçe ve Sınıf öğretmenlerinin okuduğunu anlama becerisini kazandırma sürecinde takip ettikleri strateji, yöntem ve tekniklere ilişkin genel durumlarının bazı değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma genel tarama modelinde olup betimsel niteliktedir. Araştırmanın evrenini 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında, orta Anadolu’da bir il merkezinde görev yapmakta olan Türkçe ve Sınıf öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Örnekleme 57 Türkçe ve 87 Sınıf öğretmeni olmak üzere toplam 144 öğretmen katılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında Epçaçan ve Erzen (2010) tarafından geliştirilen “Okuduğunu Anlama Becerileri Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, bağımsız t testi, Kruskal Wallis testi ve Mann Whitney-U testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre; Türkçe ve Sınıf öğretmenlerinin okuduğunu anlama becerisini kazandırma sürecinde takip edilen strateji, yöntem ve tekniklerin cinsiyet ve mezun olunan öğretim türüne göre istatistiksel açıdan bir fark olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Buna karşın araştırma kapsamında değerlendirmeye dahil edilen; hizmet yılı, branş, ve sosyo-ekonomik değişkenler açısından bakıldığında anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Hata Ayıklama Performansı Testi Geliştirme: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: AKÇAY Arif , ALTUN Arif
Published: December 2021

Programlama, bir probleme yönelik durum analizi, algoritma ve program tasarımı, uygulama, test etme ve hata ayıklama yaparak bilgisayar tabanlı çözümler üretmektir. Programlama sürecinde içerisinde hata ile karşılaşmak olağan bir durumdur. Hataların çözümlenmesi ve oluşturulan program kodlarının hatalarından arındırarak işlevsel hale getirilmesi işlemi ise hata ayıklama olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Hata ayıklama yeni kodlar yazmaktan daha derin bir bilgi birikimi gerektiren, iyi kodlama yapmak ve verimli kod yazmak gibi programcıların edinmesi gereken bir beceridir. Alanyazında hata ayıklama performanslarının değerlendirilmesine yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracının eksikliği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, meslek liselerinin Bilişim Teknolojileri bölümlerinde okuyan öğrencilerin hata ayıklama performanslarını değerlendirmek için bir başarı testi geliştirmek amaçlanmıştır. Testin geliştirilmesi aşamasında testin amacı, karşılaşılan hatalar ve kapsamları belirlenmiş, ilgili alanyazın incelenmiş, 27 kod senaryosundan oluşan test yönergesiyle birlikte kapsam geçerliğinin sağlanması amacıyla uzman görüşlerine sunulmuştur. Uzman görüşleri ve ön pilot uygulaması sonucunda 18 kod senaryosu belirlenmiş ve farklı mesleki ve teknik liseleri Bilişim Teknolojileri bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 148 öğrenciyle pilot uygulaması yapılmıştır. Teste ve maddelere yönelik yapılan analizler doğrultusunda gerekli görülen maddeler çıkartılmıştır. Sonuç olarak oluşan test maddelerinin güçlük indeksleri .30 ile .49 arasında, ayırt edicilik indeksleri .39 ile .69 arasında ve madde güvenirlik indeksleri .20 ile .33 arasındadır. KR-20 güvenirlik indeksi .575 olan Hata Ayıklama Performansı Testi (HAPT)’nin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu söylenebilir.
Communication Experiences of Pekanbaru City Patients Receiving In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) Treatment in Malaysia Fertility Clinics
Authors:   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Rumyeni Rumyeni , Dida Susanne ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Hadisiwi Purwanti ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Setianti Yanti ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

Doctor-patient communication is important in all medical consultations including for In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) treatment. An unfavourable communication experience can cause a patient to stop taking the treatment, move to another local fertility clinic, or even seek treatment abroad. There are still few studies documenting communication experiences of patients with infertility seeking reproductive treatment in other countries. This study aimed to describe the communication experiences of Indonesian IVF patients receiving IVF treatment from medical practitioners in fertility clinics in Malaysia. This study used Benner's interpretive phenomenology framework in its approach and when analysing the results. Data collection was carried out using in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 11 IVF patients from Pekanbaru city Indonesia who received IVF treatment in fertility clinics in Malaysia. This study found three main themes shared by the IVF patients’ communication experiences: 1) memorable experiences (friendliness and caring, empathy, honesty and openness, clarity and adequacy of the information, and easiness of communication; 2) less memorable experiences (less interpersonal communication, less warm non-verbal communication, and miscommunication); and 3) communication barriers (English). These findings have important implications for both the prospective patients receiving cross-border fertility treatment in the future and for service providers providing fertility treatment to improve doctor-patient communication. Keywords: Health communication, doctor-patient communication, communication experience, infertility, cross-border reproductive care, in vitro fertilisation treatment.
What do Medical Students Post Online? Perception on Medical Professionalism in Social Media among Medical Students in Universiti Putra Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Idris Faridah , Kassim Puteri Shanaz Jahn ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Ridzuan Sayyidah Aqilah ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Shamsulbaharin Muhammad Afwan ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia
Published: December 2021

The fast development and accessibility of social media has created an important potential for improvements in the medical field. However, it may also increase the risk of unprofessional conduct among its users including medical students. This study aimed to determine the pattern of social media usage and the self-perceived online professionalism among medical students in one public university in Malaysia. A cross sectional study using a questionnaire was conducted. The questionnaire consisted of participant's demographic details and perception of professionalism on social media usage, using a 5-point Likert scale. The descriptive data analysis was done using SPSS V21.0. Results showed majority (80-93%) denied making postings related to defamation, racism, gender discrimination, potential breach of confidentiality and bad behaviour. 30% shared their social media accounts and postings to public audience and 22% will accept their patients as friends or followers. Most students denied any improper posting related to potential unprofessional statements and behaviour hence perceived as still guarding their online professional conduct. However, some are still not sure about issues related to privacy settings and doctor-patient boundaries on social media. Hence, it is important to educate medical students regarding online medical professionalism and the potential challenges associated with online interaction via social media. Keywords: Social media, medical students, medical professionalism, online conduct, Malaysia.
Proposing Transmedia Storytelling for Malaysian Film Industry: Thematic Considerations
Authors:   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Aziz Jamaluddin , Mustaffa Normah ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Hamzah Norhayati ,   Universiti Malaya
Published: December 2021

Media convergence is ultimately the result of the disruption in media technology, creating a new episteme that foregrounds the diverse and interlinked way a story travels across platforms. One crucial development of media convergence is transmedia. While media scholars argue that media convergence has resulted in ontological uncertainties, it ironically entrenches some recognisable functions of the traditional media. This enables traditional communication functions like storytelling to be incorporated within media convergence. Storytelling, as communication functions, has continued to challenge the spatial and temporal metaphors of messages, allowing cultural symbols to transcend traditionally held boundaries in communication. Indeed, much has been written about transmedia storytelling, less however, has linked transmedia storytelling with the Malaysian film industry. The main aim of this paper is to thematically review past studies on transmedia storytelling in order to propose the idea that transmedia storytelling can help the Malaysian film industry as it is a new form of communication that the industry needs in increasing production, creating and determining local and global consumption of Malaysian stories. The review of past studies on transmedia storytelling reveals five salient themes: 1) Transmedia and engagement; 2) Liberatory potential; 3) Hybridisation of producer and user; 4) Uniqueness of media genre, and 5) Media literacy. The themes found are used to problematise transmedia storytelling and the Malaysian Film industry; this leads to the proposal of how transmedia storytelling can help the Malaysian film industry prosper while contributing to the understanding of transmedia storytelling and its benefit for the Malaysian film industry. Keywords: Transmedia storytelling, Malaysian film industry, media convergence, digital technologies, themes.
Communication Strategy Analysis of COVID-19 Pandemic’s Public Service Announcement (PSA) Production
Authors:   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Hashim Hasrul , Mohamad Salleh Mohd Azul ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: December 2021

Communication through media is one of the most important aspects if a country faces a health crisis such as a pandemic. One of the mediums that are often used is via the production of public service announcements or PSA. PSA is a short video lasting between 30 to 120 seconds, communicating to large-scale audiences for social behaviour changes. However, certain PSA will be considered a failure if the audience ignores or does not understand the message. When Malaysia faces a health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the PSA barely emphasises the aspects of behavioural balance, message recall, and the aesthetic of message presentation. Thus, this paper aims to discuss the mode of presentation and styles in 30 public service announcements related to COVID-19 in MyHealth’s YouTube channel under the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) from January to June 2020. The preliminary finding shows that most PSAs used 2D animation production techniques by representing the real scenarios and situations faced by the Malaysian to facilitate the audience's understanding of the message. Overall, PSA's presentation style on COVID-19 in Malaysia emphasises the balance between the importance of message and communication strategy with five phases in the theory of audience behavioural change. Keywords: Public service announcement, media production, crisis communication, pandemic, COVID-19.
Hatenography: An Analysis of Hate Speech on Facebook in 2019 Indonesian Presidential Campaign
Authors:   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Bajari Atwar , Koswara Iwan ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Erlandia Dedi Rumawan ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

This article discusses hate speech on Facebook from two groups of supporters for the presidential candidates in the 2019 Presidential Election in Indonesia. The study used a virtual ethnography approach to analyze cultural groups or communities through their conversations on the Facebook platform. Data collection was conducted by observing and collecting words, phrases, and sentences in the Official Facebook account of two presidential candidates in the 2019 Presidential Election and statements of both presidential and vice-presidential candidates in 2019. In addition, researchers also observed three voluntary group accounts for each candidate. Therefore, the total number of accounts observed was eight. Data was analysed with Nvivo 12+ to obtain statistics on the strength of the chosen speech word and the dominant phrase or word that appears. The result shows that specific phrases or terms to intimidate each supporter of both parties in massive numbers appeared in the form of hate speech during the campaign. The purpose of the hate speech is to insult/humiliate, intimidate or accuse others of doing something inappropriate or evil (accusation which involves sarcasm and foul language directed to the opponent. Candidates also provoked each other by accusing the other party of being stupid, disgusting, pathetic, ugly, and retarded. The implication was that hate speech has disunited the public on the social media space. Accusing and attaching bad characters to other groups through hate speech has strengthened inter-group stereotypes and formed an unhealthy democratic climate. Keywords: Provocation, hate speech, verbal message, virtual ethnography, communication.
Patriotism Spirit Using New Media Among Youth in Malaysia
Authors:   Agensi Nuklear Malaysia, Zainal Nur Aishah , Mohamad Salleh Mohd Azul ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Wan Mahmud Wan Amizah ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: December 2021

New media plays a role by emphasizing communication channels in conveying national information to enhance the patriotism spirit. The effect will also necessarily give an evolution to the cultivating patriotism spirit among the youth. Past studies have shown that the patriotism spirit among youth is very low and loose. Based on such factors, a study on the importance of new media in cultivating patriotism spirit is implemented to identify the real factors that influence youth to be more patriotic. Four aspects that influence the cultivating patriotism spirit are studied to see its relationship and influence to the youth. Factors studied are behavior, learning process, current environment and construction of patriotism values. This study is based on quantitative study that uses survey as a data collection technique while respondents are among the youths in Malaysia selected through stratified random sampling technique. The findings of the correlation and multiple regression tests conducted found that the new media had a profound influence towards patriotism spirit among youth. Also, there is a positive relationship between the four factors studied. The behavioral factor had a very high and significant relationship with the values (p <.01, r = 0.82). Multiple regression analysis showed that the four factors influenced the cultivating patriotism spirit (p <.01, R2 = 0.73) which is 73 percent. This also has implications from the aspect of the importance of new media through the dissemination of national information to increase the spirit of youth patriotism. Keywords: New media, cultivating, patriotism, importance, youth.
Media Framing on 2018 General Election: A Comparative Content Analysis on Newspapers Coverage Toward Political Parties in Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Rosli Ainis Azreen , Mohd Sani Mohd Azizuddin ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia
Published: December 2021

This article explores the mainstream media favorability towards political parties in the context of newspaper coverage in Malaysia during the 14th general election in 2018 (GE-14). The newspapers selected for this study are three Malay, two English, two Mandarin and two Tamil newspapers namely: 'Utusan Malaysia,' 'Berita Harian', 'Sinar Harian', 'New Straits Times', 'The Star', 'Nanyang Siang Pau', 'Sin Chew Daily', 'Nanban' and 'Osai'. The background of the newspapers was explored in order to understand the ownerships and approaches in covering the news about GE-14. This study was carried out in two separate phases, in which the data were derived from both periods before and after the GE-14. The data were classified into few categories based on reports on Barisan Nasional (BN), Pakatan Harapan (PH), Gagasan Sejahtera (GS) through the frequencies and percentages of the positive, negative, and neutral forms of coverage. The result of this study implies that in 2018, most of the mainstream media reporting was pro-government, which attributed to the linkage to political parties. Surprisingly, the unprecedented victory of the opposition can be seen to relate to the growth of positive coverage towards Pakatan Harapan, subsequently after the general election. Through content analysis of these selected newspapers, the author discussed gender-related coverage and general issues during the chosen period of the study. Keywords: Mainstream media, media ownership, political partisanship, general election, Malaysia.
Social Media and New Norms impact: “Oh! My Grandparents (OMG)!” As an Administrator in Family WhatsApp Group
Authors:   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Muhamad Adzmi Azian , Mohd Ramly Liyana ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Mohd Nazri Syahida ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Mohd Farid Nik Fatinah N. ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Abdul Rahman Muhammad Asyraf ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia
Published: December 2021

WhatsApp has become a major necessity in modern communication both individually and as a group. During an unprecedented time like COVID-19 pandemic, it increased the utilization of social media among society and has developed new norms among its users, especially grandparents. This study emphasises the various real-life activities undertaken by grandparents in social media and detailed research regarding the various WhatsApp administrators in a group chat. A qualitative research approach consisting of in-depth interviews have been carried out among family members in order to gather all the information-involving informants. In addition, it aims to gain a broader perspective of the informants' view regarding their grandparents becoming the administrator of a family WhatsApp group. Results of this study revealed that family relationships became strengthened between grandparents and other family members, especially with their grandchildren. Secondly, grandparents started being obsessed with WhatsApp, they are keen to learn more and are even able to keep up with the latest technology. Finally, the topics discussed in the family WhatsApp group covers current issues such as politics, religious advice, and sometimes entertainment. Generally, this study is expected to contribute to the communication studies and social media field, specifically understanding the use of social media between two different generations that are keen to keep up to date with the current technology especially during the unprecedented time. Keywords: WhatsApp, grandparents, pandemic, new norms, social media.
Online Opinion Leaders in the Health Promotion Digital Era
Authors:   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Lynn-Sze Joyce Cheah , Kamaruddin Azlina ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia
Published: December 2021

Health opinion leaders have widely embraced social media for health promotion and public health communication which can make a strong influence on the public decision making. However, despite the growing relevance of public health threats such as infectious diseases, pandemic influenza and natural disasters, research has paid little attention to the qualities of opinion leaders. Moreover, there is limited evidence that public health organisations use social media appropriately to engage in meaningful conversations with audiences. Thus, the aims of the study are to describe principles of communication practised by online opinion leaders to promote health issues, to discuss the strategies of social media used, to explain the opinion leaders’ influence attributes in health decision making and finally to develop a model of online opinion leader in the contemporary health promotion era. Content analysis was conducted on Facebook postings of five selected health opinion leaders. In addition, semi-structured interviews with 10 followers were conducted. The findings of the study revealed that there are three principles of communication practised by online opinion leaders, which are language, interaction and themes. There are three strategies opinion leaders use to influence the public: social connectivity, social support and social consultation. Furthermore, there are five opinion leaders’ attributes that influence the public’s decision making, namely personality, authenticity, trust/credibility, professional knowledge and social position. The model would be beneficial in educating and guiding the current public health opinion leaders in order to establish health and social well-being. Keywords: Online opinion leader, online health communication, public health, two-step flow theory, decision making.
Cultural Sensitivity Health Communication Model: An Exploration Among Young Muslims in Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Ahmad Mohd Khairie , Mohd Hadza @ Othman Mohd Baharudin ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Mohd Jalil Nor Hayati ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Ismail Solahuddin ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia
Published: December 2021

The issue of health is one of the problems that not only involves science, but its intervention is rooted in society. The World Health Organization (WHO) in one of its reports acknowledged that cultural factors play a role in health behaviours. Generally, the study of the relationship between religion and behaviour has long been established. However, looking at that aspect from the point of view of health communication is considered relatively new. The extent to which aspects of religious values such as Islam influenced health promotion efforts should be identified in line with the development of Islam as one the most growing religions. Using the focus group method, this paper explores Islamic values and elements in health promotion to eight Muslim youth groups in Malaysia. Focused group interviews of eight groups with a total of 40 participants were analysed using thematic analysis methods with the support of NVivo software. This finding first elaborates on the conceptualisation of Islamic health communication. The concept of divinity has a great influence in promoting health. In addition, elements such as religious references, goals and the role of life in Islam also contribute to the formation of a health communication framework based on Islamic values. Secondly, the findings of the study also explain how these religious elements contribute to the changes in health behaviour. Through these findings, an Islamic health communication model has been proposed. The results of this study have developed an empirical understanding of cultural sensitivity in health communication practices. Keywords: Health promotion, health education, religion-based communication, cultural sensitivity, Islamic communication.
Lens Application of Social Construction Theory and Social Influence Theory to Examine the Factors of WhatsApp Usage as an Organizational Communication Medium
Authors:   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Mustaffa Che Su , Che Soh Che Hasniza ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Abu Talib Zuraidah ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Muda Suhaini ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia
Published: December 2021

Social Construction Theory assumes that the development of communication technology in the organization causes the organization's staff to share meanings and actions responding to the technology. Meanwhile, the Theory of Social Influence explains the impact of new technology applications such as social media usage affects the environment. These theories emphasise that social media such as WhatsApp has taken over traditional communication and become one of the primary communication channels in the organization. Accordingly, based on the assumptions found in both theories, this study was conducted to identify the determinants of WhatsApp acceptance as a medium of interaction between staff in an organization. Specifically, this study applies a qualitative method to examine WhatsApp usage as a medium of interaction. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with the middle-level management staff at a public university. All informants were the staff members who have served the university for more than five years and have used WhatsApp for work-related matters. The interview transcription was analysed using the thematic analysis based on the assumptions of both theories. The research finding shows that the combination of both theories were able to explain the factor of WhatsApp usage and its implications among the staff in the organization. Therefore, this study has contributed towards the strengthening of the assumptions found in the Theory of Social Construction that is interpretive flexibility, tolerance, socio-cultural and stability, and also in the Theory of Social Influence which is compliance, identification, and internalization. In addition, this study has also contributed to studies related to communication technology usage and strengthening the theories related to these aspects. Keywords: Social media, WhatsApp, qualitative study, social construction theory, social influence theory.