bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika di SMKN 1 Praya Tengah
Authors: Jaya Mahdi Putra
Published: January 2022

This study aims to increase students' motivation to learn mathematics on the subject of circles through the application of a team games tournament (TGT) type of cooperative learning model. This research is a classroom action research which consists of two cycles and each of them consists of four main activities, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection in an interrelated spiral. The subjects of this study were students of class X Accounting at SMKN 1 Praya Tengah, totaling 32 people. Data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires and observations as well. While the data analysis technique used descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that students' learning motivation on the subject of the circle has increased from cycle I to cycle II. The attention aspect of the first cycle at the first meeting was 18.75%, the second meeting was 56.25%, in the second cycle 81.25%. The tenacity aspect of the first cycle of the first meeting was 12.50%, the second meeting was 50%, the second cycle was 75%. Aspects of perseverance in the first cycle of the first meeting 25%, at the second meeting 56.25%, the second cycle 87.5%. The interest aspect of the first cycle of the first meeting is 6.25%, the second meeting is 43.75%, the second cycle is 75%. The courage aspect of the first cycle of the first meeting was 18.75%, and the first cycle of the second meeting was 56.25%, the second cycle was 81.25%. The results of the motivation questionnaire in the first cycle of the first meeting were 50.42%, in the first cycle the second meeting was 80.42% and increased in the second cycle to 92.92%. So it can be concluded that cooperative learning of the type of teams games tournament (TGT) can increase students' learning motivation on the subject of circles in class X Accounting at SMKN 1 Praya Tengah.
Penerapan Metode Tutor Sebaya dengan Model Pendampingan untuk Meningkatkan Perolehan NEM 10 Besar Kota Mataram
Authors: Yuliani Nanik
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to apply the peer tutoring method with a mentoring model to increase the acquisition of the Top 10 NEM in Mataram City. This research method uses a descriptive method with a best practice approach. The subjects of this study were students of SMPN 2 Mataram. The instrument used is observation and material assistance. The data obtained from this study were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that the application of the peer tutoring method with the mentoring model is proven to be able to improve the results of the National Examination, it is known based on the results of the National Examination with the acquisition of the top 10 cities of Mataram. With the success of this research, teachers can use the peer tutoring method as an alternative to solving problems related to the acquisition of students' UN scores that have not been optimal.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru dalam Proses Pembelajaran Melalui Supervisi Klinis di SMP Negeri 6 Mataram
Authors: Azizudin Azizudin
Published: January 2022

This research was carried out with the objectives: 1) to improve the ability of teachers in implementing learning from designing, implementing, to evaluating, 2) to determine the frequency level of implementation of clinical supervision by school principals, and 3) the availability of quality supervision documents. This research method uses school action research which is carried out in two cycles consisting of Planning, Implementation, Observation, and Reflection. The subjects in the study were 60 teachers at SMP Negeri 6 Mataram. This research instrument uses observation sheets, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that clinical supervision can improve teacher competence in the learning process at SMP Negeri 6 Mataram. Based on the results of data analysis of clinical supervision results, it can be concluded that; 1) of 60 teachers who obtained a minimum of Good as many as 49 people (81.67%), 2) of 60 teachers 100% of teachers were supervised, and 3) Schools had quality documents in the form of supervision programs, supervision reports, and follow-up programs.
Avaliação da atenção primária em saúde no Brasil: principais características, limitações e potencialidades entre PMAQ e PCATool
Authors: Figueredo Rogério Carvalho de , Gonzales Roxana Isabel Cardozo , Signor Eduarda , Silva Leidiany Souza , Amorim Renata Cristina Correia da Silva , Almeida Daniel Ribeiro de , Dias Adriana Keila , Celestino Kênia Alessandra de Araújo , Bianchini Aniele Silveira Machado de Oliveira
Published: January 2022

Introdução: A Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS) teve o Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) como principal instrumento para avaliar sua qualidade até o fim de 2019. Sendo substituído pelo Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool) a partir de 2020. Essa mudança se justificou devido diversas fragilidades nos instrumentos de avaliação e sua aplicação. Objetivo: Identificar as principais características dos instrumentos de avaliação do PMAQ e PCATool, bem como suas potencialidades e limitações no Brasil. Material e método: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, de abordagem qualitativa, feita a partir da análise e interpretação dos instrumentos oficiais de avaliação da APS (PMAQ e PCATool), disponibilizados pelo Ministério da Saúde – Brasil, e produções científicas sobre a temática. Resultados e discussão: Percebeu-se como principais diferenças entre os instrumentos, o quantitativo, o formato/tipo, a organização dos itens/questões, bem como o tratamento e análise dos respectivos dados. Quanto as principais similaridades, destaca-se as bases de fundamentação serem relacionadas ao processo de trabalho das equipes e a organização dos serviços. Ambos são aplicados à usuários e profissionais da APS, apesar que o PCATool não inclui o Núcleo de Apoio a Saúde da Família. Conclusão: O instrumento do PMAQ foi considerado mais extenso e complexo que o do PCATool no que tange suas variáveis e aplicação. Não foram encontrados referenciais teóricos que alicerçaram o instrumento do PMAQ. A validação externa das amostras e propriedade psicométricas, além da alta comparabilidade internacional denotam maior robustez e efetividade do PCATool.
Elementos pré-fabricados e suas vantagens no cronograma físico-financeiro
Authors: Honorato Tatiana Brandão
Published: January 2022

Os elementos pré-fabricados chegam ao Brasil como inovação para a construção civil. Ainda pouco difundidos, acarretam vantagens no cronograma físico financeiro da obra em empreendimentos de muitos pavimentos e com curto prazo. A industrialização da construção civil vem aumentando a produção em série de cozinhas e banheiros, sendo este mais utilizado. Os banheiros são fabricados numa linha de produção industrial e chegam prontos à obra, respeitando a arquitetura do projeto e especificações do cliente, bastando posiciona-los na área previamente planejada e conectá-los às redes de água, esgoto e energia. Desta forma, todas as etapas de controle de materiais, acabamentos, execução de instalações e controle de qualidade são realizados na fábrica. Os revestimentos, instalações hidráulicas, elétricas e todos os acessórios são instalados na linha de montagem, evitando assim retrabalho e desperdício de materiais durante a obra. Depois de finalizados, os banheiros prontos (ou pré-fabricados) são inspecionados e aferidos pelo controle de qualidade nas várias etapas: estanqueidade, vazão, caimento, pressão e circuitos elétricos. Possui várias vantagens na sua utilização como diminuição da mão de obra, redução no cronograma da construção, dentre outros. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a viabilidade técnica e econômica dos Banheiros Prontos e avaliar os prazos de execução dos métodos pré-fabricado e convencional através de estudo de caso. Faz-se imperioso que o referido sistema seja aplicado em grandes empreendimentos que tenham um cronograma curto e com possibilidade de multa em caso de atraso, pois são mais onerosos que os banheiros convencionais.
Produção de biochar com palha de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum sp.)
Authors: Marques Caroline Araújo , Silva Diego Aleixo da , Apresentação Marcos de Jesus Fonseca de , Nakashima Gabriela Tami , Yamaji Fabio Minoru
Published: January 2022

Na colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar, espessas camadas de palha são depositadas sobre o solo dificultando a rebrota e a emergência de Saccharum sp. Faz-se necessário buscar alternativas para seu excedente, que pode ser destinado à produção de biochar, material rico em carbono e que atua como condicionador de solos e sequestrador de CO2 da atmosfera. O objetivo foi produzir o biochar utilizando resíduos de palha de cana, analisando as melhores condições de produção e de desempenho. Foram realizadas pirólises em forno mufla para os tratamentos: T1: 200 °C, T2: 250 °C, T3: 300 °C e T4: 350 °C com tempo de residência de 2 horas. Realizou-se a análise imediata do biochar, com a determinação do teor de voláteis, o teor de cinzas, o carbono fixo e o rendimento gravimétrico. Por meio da Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) foram identificadas as estruturas morfológicas do material e com a Análise Termogravimétrica determinaram-se os mecanismos de degradação térmica. Os resultados foram 23,51% (T1) e 63,74 % (T4) para o carbono fixo e 85,01% (T1) e 28,11% (T4) para o rendimento gravimétrico do biochar. A partir do MEV observou-se maior presença de poros no biochar T2 e T3. O tratamento T2 apresentou o melhor equilíbrio entre o teor de carbono fixo e o rendimento gravimétrico, enquanto o T3 apresentou maior estabilidade térmica. Conclui-se que a faixa de temperatura que apresenta as melhores condições de produção e desempenho do biochar encontra-se entre 250 °C e 300 °C.
Características necessárias para publicação em periódicos de enfermagem: protocolo de scoping review
Authors: Maldonado Rayane Nascimbeni , Leachi Helenize Ferreira Lima , Bieniek Aryane Apolinario , Aroni Patrícia , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito
Published: January 2022

Introdução: As características presentes em um artigo científico, contribuem para que o mesmo, seja considerado de qualidade e tenha maior chances de publicação. Objetivo: Analisar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre as características necessárias para a publicação de artigos científicos em periódicos da área de enfermagem. Método: Protocolo de scoping review fundamentado pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. Pretende responder à seguinte questão:  fundamentada pela estratégia População-Conceito-Contexto (PCC): Quais as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre as características necessárias para a publicação de artigos científicos em periódicos da área de enfermagem? Foram incluídos estudos que abordassem as características relevantes na escrita de artigos científicos em revistas de enfermagem, disponíveis na íntegra, sem delimitação temporal e/ou de idioma. Resultados: A descrição dos achados ocorrerá de forma descritiva, por meio de um quadro, no qual estarão os principais resultados de cada estudo incluído. Conclusão: A redação científica bem como critérios de execução da pesquisa, são fatores determinantes para a publicação em periódicos com fator de impacto mais elevado.
Tratamento de classe III com disjuntor Haas e máscara facial de Pétit na dentadura mista: relato de caso
Authors: Martins Amanda Sofia Mota , Pereira Victória Gomes de Jesus , Rêgo Jéssica Tuane Maia , Oliveira Nayhane Cristine da Silva de , Meira Gabriela de Figueiredo , Santos Bruna Ramos Meireles dos
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo, por meio da metodologia de estudo de caso, é demonstrar  uma das técnicas de tratamento de classe III esquelética durante a dentição mista e apresentar as vantagens do tratamento precoce. No presente caso, a paciente do sexo feminino, 9 anos de idade, após realizar os exames clínicos e radiográficos, foi comprovado a má oclusão de classe III esquelética, imediatamente foi iniciado o tratamento com o expansor Haas associado a Máscara Facial de Petit. As características da Classe III esquelética podem se tornar menos intensas com o tratamento e assim resultando em uma melhora significativa na função, aperfeiçoamento da estética e psicológico da paciente.
Narguilé: consumo e conhecimento entre acadêmicos de Odontologia
Authors: Demertine Maria Stefania Bantle , Luzzi Lucinara Ignez Tavares , Martinez Adriane de Castro , Linn Gabriel Luiz , Jandrey Valeria Juliana , Fachin Felipe Gustavo , Almeida Leonardo de
Published: January 2022

O consumo de tabaco através narguilé pela população jovem aumentou nos últimos anos no Brasil. Neste estudo, buscou-se identificar a prevalência do consumo e o perfil dos usuários de narguilé entre os acadêmicos de Odontologia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem quantitativa, realizada por meio de questionários autoaplicáveis abordando o hábito de fumar e conhecimento sobre narguilé. Concordaram em participar do estudo 160 acadêmicos matriculados no curso de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual do Paraná (UNIOESTE), no ano de 2016. De acordo com os dados coletados, 69% (n=111) dos acadêmicos entrevistados já haviam experimentado o narguilé, sendo que 59% (n=66) desses iniciaram o uso na faixa etária entre 17 e 19 anos e 41% (n=45) entre 20 e 24 anos. Para 45% (n=50) dos participantes deste estudo, a curiosidade foi responsável pelo contato com o narguilé, e para 23% (n=25) estar na universidade propiciou o uso dessa substância. A influência dos amigos motivou 77% a experimentar o narguilé e a associação desse tipo de tabaco com drogas ilícitas foi relatado por 8% (9/111) dos usuários. Em relação aos conhecimentos dos acadêmicos sobre o assunto, 52% (n=83) acreditam que a fumaça do cigarro possui mais substâncias tóxicas quando comparada com o narguilé. Assim, os achados enfatizam a necessidade de investigar e desenvolver melhores formas de conscientizar os acadêmicos acerca dos componentes encontrados ou produzidos por esse tipo de fumo e das doenças associadas a essa prática.
Círculo de cultura como instrumento para promoção da saúde de adolescentes: relato de acadêmicos de enfermagem
Authors: Silva Luanna Gomes da , Andrade Bruna Pereira de , Rocha Gislaine da Silva , Silva Helvis Eduardo Oliveira da , Costa Taiane Rodrigues da , Machado Yvinna Marina Santos , Silva Mikaelle Ysis da , Nascimento Lucas Mateus Figueiredo , Sousa Amanda da Costa , Gonçalves Ana Paula da Silva , Martins Álissan Karine Lima
Published: January 2022

Este estudo objetivou relatar a implementação do círculo de cultura no ambiente escolar como estratégia para promoção da saúde de adolescentes, com ênfase na problemática do uso de álcool e outras drogas. Trata-se de um relato de experiência de ações extensionistas, desenvolvidas por acadêmicos de enfermagem, no projeto “Prevenção do uso de drogas no ambiente escolar: uma abordagem com educadores e educandos de escolas públicas”. As atividades foram realizadas entre janeiro e junho de 2019. Participaram 33 adolescentes de escola pública de ensino médio, localizada no município de Crato, Ceará, Brasil. A experiência dos círculos de cultura no âmbito escolar estabeleceu entre os acadêmicos e os adolescentes o diálogo pautado em escuta ativa e na troca de experiências. O método promoveu o processo crítico-reflexivo sobre o uso de álcool e outras drogas, aprendizado e sensibilização, autonomia para expressão, participação e problematização da realidade, capacitando os adolescentes para atuar no melhor cuidado à saúde, estímulo ao desenvolvimento de atitudes saudáveis e protagonismo no processo de saúde.
O papel do farmacêutico na logística reversa de medicamentos no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Camila Martins , Sena Maria Pantoja Moreira de , Sales Clarisse Andrade , Souza Marcos Felipe Rodrigues de , Melo Renato Bruno Cavalcante de , Freitas Crystyanne de Sousa , Mello Amanda Gabryelle Nunes Cardoso , Sena Luann Wendel Pereira de
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: efetuar uma revisão integrativa sobre a atuação do farmacêutico na logística reversa de medicamentos no Brasil. Métodos: refere-se a uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre a prática da logística reversa de medicamentos em desuso ou vencidos na população. Resultados: detectou-se que a vivência sanitária do país exibe problemas com relação ao processo de coleta, tratamento e destinação dos resíduos de natureza biológica e química, motivando um enorme impacto à saúde pública e ao meio ambiente. Os principais locais de descarte foram o lixo comum e vaso sanitário e grande parte da população não pretende buscar informações sobre o correto descarte de resíduos e seus possíveis impactos no meio ambiente. Apenas 2% das farmácias e/ou drogarias fixaram o uso de coletores para o descarte de medicamentos e/ou produtos para saúde em desuso ou vencidos. Os empresários do ramo farmacêuticos estão propensos a introduzirem realmente a logística reversa nos estabelecimentos de saúde. Conclusão: realizar a logística reversa e o descarte apropriado de medicamentos em desuso ou vencidos da população em geral é um imenso desafio. Há necessidade de instalações de coletores nos estabelecimentos de saúde, em especial, nas farmácias e/ou drogarias e o farmacêutico precisa apoderar-se deste tema e ser um agente de transformação, não só na atitude da população, mas como, um sensibilizador dos gestores públicos ou privados sob a relevância da logística reversa no Brasil e no mundo.
Impacto e manejo obstétrico de pacientes grávidas infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Alves Ana Klara Rodrigues , Silva Barbara Beatriz Lira da , Machado Lívia Filomena Castelo Branco , Silva Gabriel Brito da , Amorim Filho José Vieira , Serejo Júnior Francisco das Chagas da Silva , Silva Mylenna Maria de Brito , Medeiros Amanda Milhomem , Lima Yama Vitoriano , Nunes Raissa Martins de Oliveira , Santos Victor Rocha , Santos Verbena Krieger Rocha , Carvalho Danielle Sotero Fortes , Costa Maria Clara Martins , Rodrigues Iluska Guimarães
Published: January 2022

Podem ocorrer alterações fisiológicas e imunológicas maternas durante a gravidez, as mulheres grávidas podem correr um risco maior de serem infectadas com SARS-CoV-2 e desenvolver eventos clínicos mais complicados. O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever o impacto do covid-19 durante a gravidez e resumir os possíveis sintomas, tratamentos e resultados da gravidez de mulheres infectadas com Covid-19 durante a gravidez. Realizado através da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) nas bases de dados do Pubmed e Scielo, usando os cruzamentos dos descritores em inglês “Pregnancy”,“Covid-19”, “Complications”.  Para a avaliação do problema de pesquisa e sua estratificação foi utilizada a estratégia PVO. A estratégia supracitada permitiu formular a seguinte questão norteadora:  Quais são os impactos e complicações causadas pelo covid-19 durante a gestação? A partir da questão norteadora foram utilizados os operadores booleanos para a sistematização das buscas com o seguinte esquema: Pregnancy AND Covid-19 AND complications. Algumas complicações na gravidez ocorreram em mulheres grávidas com Covid-19, como sofrimento fetal, ruptura prematura de membranas, partos prematuros e natimortos. Além disso, essas complicações na gravidez podem estar intimamente relacionadas à tempestade de citocinas, lesão pulmonar e isquemia / hipóxia placentária causada por infecções por SARS-CoV-2. O aumento da vulnerabilidade das mulheres grávidas bem como a experiência anterior de epidemias de coronavírus anteriores é motivo de preocupação para complicações maternas e fetais. O rápido surto da doença, combinado com a incerteza, como resultado direto da falta de dados científicos sólidos, tem forçado os obstetras a adaptarem suas práticas atuais de forma pragmática.
Abordagem diagnóstica para acompanhamento de caso de miocardite aguda: um relato de experiência
Authors: Silva Barbara Beatriz Lira da , Alves Ana Klara Rodrigues , Silva Gabriel Brito da , Nogueira Flávia Dias , Brito Lizandra Azevedo , Amorim Filho José Vieira , Holanda Pedro Henrique Fréres , Menezes Ana Carla Souza , Nogueira Myrcia Ferreira Lopes , Araujo Julyana de Souza , Leitão Elisa Costa , Azevedo Vinicius Enrico de , Souza Jairo da Costa , Santos Victor Rocha , Santos Verbena Krieger Rocha
Published: January 2022

Miocardite é uma doença inflamatória cardíaca que pode ocorrer como consequência de infecções (predominantemente por vírus, mas também por outros agentes infecciosos, incluindo bactérias, protozoários e fungos), exposição a substâncias tóxicas (álcool e drogas) e ativação do sistema imunológico, e está incluída entre as cardiomiopatias secundárias na classificação de 1996 da Organização Mundial da Saúde. O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de profissionais da saúde no acompanhamento de um paciente com miocardite aguda, desde do seu primeiro dia de internação até sua alta. Trata-se de um relato de experiência de abordagem crítico-reflexivo de cunho descritivo-compreensivo sobre um caso vivenciado no município de Niteroí – RJ, em um hospital particular, a cerca de um paciente com suspeita inicial de Doença Arterial Coronariana (DAC), sendo posteriormente confirmado o diagnóstico de Miocardite Aguda (MA), em agosto de 2019. A apresentação da miocardite aguda é extremamente variável e frequentemente subclínica, o que pode levar a complicações agudas ou progredir de forma relativamente assintomática para insuficiência cardíaca crônica. O padrão ouro para o diagnóstico de miocardite ainda é a biópsia endomiocárdica positiva, um procedimento invasivo que requer alta probabilidade clínica pré-teste e baixa relação risco / benefício para ser realizado. No entanto, a combinação da medição dos níveis de troponina e ressonância magnética cardíaca tornou o diagnóstico de MA possível com precisão suficiente para formas não complicadas. Ainda existem lacunas na compreensão da patogênese e das opções diagnósticas e terapêuticas para miocardite.
Giant Urinary Bladder Stone in a Middle-Aged Male
Authors: Pires João Cleber Coutinho , de Brito Breno Bittencourt , de Melo Fabrício Freire , Souza Cláudio Lima , Oliveira Márcio Vasconcelos
Published: January 2022

Urolithiasis is a disorder that affects 10–15% of people at least once in their lives. Among the calculi affecting the urinary tract are the bladder stones. Giant urinary bladder stones are rare and can potentially lead to the onset of intense symptoms as well as life threatening repercussions. This disorder demands an accurate diagnosis with the use of imaging tools and laboratory tests, as well as an agile and appropriate therapeutic approach in order to prevent unfavourable outcomes. This paper reports on a bladder stone that was 18.5 cm in diameter and weighed 1.328 kg, which was extracted from a middle-aged male.
Relationship of Clinical Parameters and Inflammation Markers with Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: BAYKAL Hüsnü , BULCUN Emel
Published: January 2022

Aim: Inflammation is an important mechanism in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with COPD. In this study, we investigated the relationship of disease severity parameters and inflammation with PAP in COPD patients.
Material and Methods: A patient group consisting of 80 patients with stable COPD including who were obtaining treatment at the outpatient clinic of Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pulmonary Medicine were included in the study along with a control group of 46 individuals who were compatible with the patient group in terms of age and gender and did not have any airway obstruction. Spirometry measurements were performed (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, MEF and PEF). Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) measurements and standard doppler echocardiography were performed at the outpatient clinic of the department of cardiology.
Results: CRP was found to be significantly higher in patients with stable COPD compared to the control group. sPAP values of COPD patients were significantly higher than those of the control group. A statistically significant positive relationship was observed between the sPAP value and age (p = 0.006). There was no statistically significant relationship between sPAP and MCIRS score (p = 0.700). A statistically weak negative relationship was observed between sPAP and FVC% (p = 0.053)
Conclusion: Development of PAH increases morbidity and mortality. Therefore, patients with advanced stages of COPD should be screened using echocardiography, which is an easy-to-use, fast and repeatable measurement method to check for PAH development.
The Ka'ba Orientations
Authors: O'Meara Simon
Published: January 2022

This book is about the most sacred site of Islam, the cuboid, black-robed Kaʿba of Mecca, a building the Qur’an calls the ‘ancient house.’ It explains how the building has been used, conceptualised and represented by Muslims from the earliest period of Islam onwards, and reveals the strata in the Kaʿba’s many meaning and the profundity of its importance for the Islamic world. It does this by investigating six of the building’s spatial effects: as the qibla (the direction faced in prayer); as the axis and matrix mundi of the Islamic world; as an architectural principle in the bedrock of this world; as a circumambulated goal of pilgrimage and a site of spiritual union for mystics and Sufis; and as a dwelling that is imagined to shelter temporarily an animating force; but which otherwise, as a house, holds a void.
Moldeamiento de estructuras orofaciales a través de ortopedia prequirúrgica en paciente con fisura labio palatina: Reporte de caso
Authors: Gómez España Daniela , Gallegos Ramírez Alicia , Moreno Enríquez Xavier
Published: January 2022

La fisura labio palatina es una malformación craneofacial congénita producida por la falta de fusión de los procesos nasales mediales y procesos maxilares durante las primeras semanas del desarrollo embrionario. Este caso clínico tuvo como objetivo principal, moldear y conformar estructuras orofaciales a través de ortopedia prequirúrgica en paciente con fisura labio palatina. Los resultados se obtuvieron al colocar el Modelador Nasoalveolar Bilateral, mejorando la alimentación y la posición lingual; además, redujo a los 4 meses de utilización los segmentos palatinos disminuyendo de 12.92mm a 9.15mm de ancho, modelado de los cartílagos nasales, formación de columela de 0 a 5mm y proyección de la punta de la nariz.
Case Report: Primary Pulmonary Angiosarcoma With Brain Metastasis
Authors: Tang Xiangjun , Zhu Jing , Zhu Fangcheng , Tu Hanjun , Deng Aiping , Lu Junti , Yang Minghuan , Dai Longjun , Huang Kuanming , Zhang Li
Published: January 2022

Primary pulmonary angiosarcoma (PPA) is a rare malignant vascular tumor, of which early diagnosis is challenging due to lack of specific clinical manifestations and a low level of suspicion. Here, we report a case of PPA presented with advanced brain metastasis. A 21-year-old patient with 1 week history of headache and mild cough was hospitalized for a head injury. Head MRI showed multiple intracranial lesions with brain edema. Chest CT displayed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates with mediastinal lymph node enlargement. After 2 months of anti-tuberculosis treatment, the patient was readmitted for persistent headache and cough with occasional hemosputum along with worsening pulmonary and intracranial lesions. Despite seizure prophylaxis and control of intracranial pressure and brain edema, his symptoms progressively aggravated, accompanied by cough with bloody sputum, frequent epileptic seizures, and hypotension. He eventually developed coma and died within 3 months of onset of symptoms. An autopsy confirmed PPA with brain metastasis.
Thin MAPb0.5Sn0.5I3 Perovskite Single Crystals for Sensitive Infrared Light Detection
Authors: Wu Jinming , Zhang Yongqiang , Yang Shuang , Chen Zhaolai , Zhu Wei
Published: January 2022

Metal halide perovskite single-crystal detectors have attracted increasing attention due to the advantages of low noise, high sensitivity, and fast response. However, the narrow photoresponse range of widely investigated lead-based perovskite single crystals limit their application in near-infrared (NIR) detection. In this work, tin (Sn) is incorporated into methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) single crystals to extend the absorption range to around 950 nm. Using a space-confined strategy, MAPb0.5Sn0.5I3 single-crystal thin films with a thickness of 15 μm is obtained, which is applied for sensitive NIR detection. The as-fabricated detectors show a responsivity of 0.514 A/W and a specific detectivity of 1.4974×1011 cmHz1/2/W under 905 nm light illumination and –1V. Moreover, the NIR detectors exhibit good operational stability (∼30000 s), which can be attributed to the low trap density and good stability of perovskite single crystals. This work demonstrates an effective way for sensitive NIR detection.
Detection of Nocardia by 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene PCR and Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS)
Authors: Ding Juanjuan , Ma Bing , Wei Xupeng , Li Ying
Published: January 2022

In this study, the aim was to investigate the discriminatory power of molecular diagnostics based on mNGS and traditional 16S ribosomal RNA PCR among Nocardia species. A total of fourteen clinical isolates from patients with positive Nocardia cultures and clinical evidence were included between January 2017 and June 2020 in HeNan Provincial People’s Hospital. DNA extraction and 16S rRNA PCR were performed on positive cultures, and pathogens were detected by mNGS in these same samples directly. Among the 14 Nocardia isolates, four species were identified, and N. cyriacigeorgica (8 cases) is the most common species. Twelve of the 14 Nocardia spp. isolates were identified by the two methods, while two strains of N. cyriacigeorgica were not identified by mNGS. All tested isolates showed susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT), amikacin and linezolid. Apart from Nocardia species, other pathogens such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Aspergillus, Enterococcus faecalis, Human herpesvirus, etc., were detected from the same clinical samples by mNGS. However, these different pathogens were considered as colonization or contamination. We found that it is essential to accurately identify species for determining antibiotic sensitivity and, consequently, choosing antibiotic treatment. 16S rRNA PCR was useful for identification of nocardial infection among species, while this technique needs the clinicians to make the pre-considerations of nocardiosis. However, mNGS may be a putative tool for rapid and accurate detection and identification of Nocardia, beneficial for applications of antimicrobial drugs and timely adjustments of medication.
Microbiota in Gingival Crevicular Fluid Before and After Mechanical Debridement With Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Peri-Implantitis
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Liu Ye , Li Wei , Li Wenyue , Xu Hongtao , Niu Guangliang , Wang Zuomin
Published: January 2022

Objectives

This study aims to compare the microbiota of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) before and after mechanical debridement (MD) with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and determine the core efficient microbiota in peri-implantitis after treatment.

Methods

We recruited 9 patients (14 implants) treated with MD+aPDT for peri-implantitis at our center from February 1, 2018, to February 1, 2019. GCF was collected using filter paper strip before and after the treatment. The bacterial 16S rRNA was amplified and sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform to characterize the GCF. Bioinformatics and statistical analyses were performed using QIIME2 and R.

Results

A total of 4,110,861 high-quality sequences were obtained from GCF samples. Based on the reference database, 1,120 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were finally harvested. Principal coordinates analysis indicated significant differences in the bacterial community structure between the 180 days after-treatment group and pre-treatment group. Difference analysis and least discriminant analysis showed that the differences were mainly reflected in non-dominant bacteria between these two groups. The non-dominant genera with significantly different distribution between the 180 days after-treatment group and the pre-treatment group included Lactobacillus, Pedobacter, Bulleidia, Centipeda, Desulfovibrio, Ochrobactrum, Staphylococcus, Microbacterium, Brevundimonas, Desulfobulbus, and Parvimonas. Moreover, a total of 29 predictive functional categories at KEGG level 2 were identified. The significant difference pathways at KEGG level 2 between after-treatment and pre-treatment were concentrated in infectious disease-related pathways.

Conclusions

Patients with peri-implantitis have significant changes in the low-abundance bacteria of the GCF before and after MD+aPDT. MD+aPDT may change the composition of GCF microbiota by increasing the abundance of cluster 1 (beneficial) and decreasing that of cluster 4 (harmful), which may decrease metabolic response to infection and thus improve peri-implantitis.
Interactions Between Streptococcus gordonii and Fusobacterium nucleatum Altered Bacterial Transcriptional Profiling and Attenuated the Immune Responses of Macrophages
Authors: Liu Tingjun , Yang Ruiqi , Zhou Jiani , Lu Xianjun , Yuan Zijian , Wei Xi , Guo Lihong
Published: January 2022

Interspecies coaggregation promotes transcriptional changes in oral bacteria, affecting bacterial pathogenicity. Streptococcus gordonii (S. gordonii) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) are common oral inhabitants. The present study investigated the transcriptional profiling of S. gordonii and F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum in response to the dual-species coaggregation using RNA-seq. Macrophages were infected with both species to explore the influence of bacterial coaggregation on both species’ abilities to survive within macrophages and induce inflammatory responses. Results indicated that, after the 30-min dual-species coaggregation, 116 genes were significantly up-regulated, and 151 genes were significantly down-regulated in S. gordonii; 97 genes were significantly down-regulated, and 114 genes were significantly up-regulated in F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum. Multiple S. gordonii genes were involved in the biosynthesis and export of cell-wall proteins and carbohydrate metabolism. F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum genes were mostly associated with translation and protein export. The coaggregation led to decreased expression levels of genes associated with lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Coaggregation between S. gordonii and F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum significantly promoted both species’ intracellular survival within macrophages and attenuated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β. Physical interactions between these two species promoted a symbiotic lifestyle and repressed macrophage’s killing and pro-inflammatory responses.
Evaluation of Th2 and Th17 Immunity-Related Factors as Indicators of Brucellosis
Authors: Gheitasi Reza , Keramat Fariba , Khosravi Sara , Hajilooi Mehrdad , Pletz Mathias W. , Makarewicz Oliwia
Published: January 2022

Objective

Brucellosis is a common bacterial zoonotic infection, and greater than half a million new cases are diagnosed annually. This study investigates the expression of Th2 and Th17 immunity-related factors (Th2-LCR lncRNA, IL-25, TRAF3IP2, and IL-17RB) in different stages of Brucella infections.

Material and Methods

In total, 99 brucellosis patients were divided into three groups (acute = first infection before treatment, relapse = before treatment, and treated = after treatment for 6–8 weeks with doxycycline and rifampin). Thirty-three healthy volunteers represented the control group. Gene expression levels were assessed by quantitative amplification in reference to the 18S rRNA gene and statistically evaluated.

Results

No significant differences in the expression of these genes were observed between the control group and patients after completion of antibiotic treatment. Compared to these two groups, only Th2-LCR lncRNA and TRAF3IP2 were significantly more highly expressed in the acute group. Th2-LCR lncRNA was also significantly elevated in the relapse group. TRAF3IP2 expression was additionally significantly increased in the acute group compared to the relapse group.

Conclusion

IL-25 and IL-17RB failed to differentiate between the infected and noninfected groups. TRAF3IP2 and Th2-LCR lncRNA might be good indicators of brucellosis during the acute phase, but the expression levels varied strongly among patients. To verify the suitability of these factors as an indicator for brucellosis, acute infection or relapse should be investigated in further studies on larger cohorts with well-defined inclusion criteria.
Vaccine Protection of Mice With Primary Immunodeficiencies Against Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Powell Daniel A. , Hsu Amy P. , Butkiewicz Christine D. , Trinh Hien T. , Frelinger Jeffrey A. , Holland Steven M. , Galgiani John N. , Shubitz Lisa F.
Published: January 2022

Disseminated coccidioidomycosis (DCM), often a severe and refractory disease leading to poor outcomes, is a risk for people with certain primary immunodeficiencies (PID). Several DCM-associated PID (STAT4, STAT3, IFNγ, and Dectin-1) are modeled in mice. To determine if vaccination could provide these mice protection, mice with mutations in Stat4, Stat3, Ifngr1, Clec7a (Dectin-1), and Rag-1 (T- and B-cell deficient) knockout (KO) mice were vaccinated with the live, avirulent, Δcps1 vaccine strain and subsequently challenged intranasally with pathogenic Coccidioides posadasii Silveira strain. Two weeks post-infection, vaccinated mice of all strains except Rag-1 KO had significantly reduced lung and spleen fungal burdens (p<0.05) compared to unvaccinated control mice. Splenic dissemination was prevented in most vaccinated immunodeficient mice while all unvaccinated B6 mice and the Rag-1 KO mice displayed disseminated disease. The mitigation of DCM by Δcps1 vaccination in these mice suggests that it could also benefit humans with immunogenetic risks of severe disease.
Investigating Temporal and Spatial Precipitation Patterns in the Southern Mid-Atlantic United States
Authors: Dollan Ishrat Jahan , Maggioni Viviana , Johnston Jeremy
Published: January 2022

The investigation of regional vulnerability to extreme hydroclimatic events (e.g., floods and hurricanes) is quite challenging due to its dependence on reliable precipitation estimates. Better understanding of past precipitation trends is crucial to examine changing precipitation extremes, optimize future water demands, stormwater infrastructure, extreme event measures, irrigation management, etc., especially if combined with future climate and population projections. The objective of the study is to investigate the spatial-temporal variability of average and extreme precipitation at a sub-regional scale, specifically in the Southern Mid-Atlantic United States, a region characterized by diverse topography and is among the fastest-growing areas in North America. Particularly, this work investigates past precipitation trends and patterns using the North American Land Data Assimilation System, Version 2 (NLDAS-2, 12 km/1 h resolution) reanalysis dataset during 1980–2018. Both parametric (linear regression) and non-parametric (e.g., Theil-Sen) robust statistical tools are employed in the study to analyze trend magnitudes, which are tested for statistical significance using the Mann-Kendall test. Standard precipitation indices from ETCCDI are also used to characterize trends in the relative contribution of extreme events to precipitation in the area. In the region an increasing trend (4.3 mm/year) is identified in annual average precipitation with ~34% of the domain showing a significant increase (at the 0.1 significance level) of +3 to +5 mm/year. Seasonal and sub-regional trends are also investigated, with the most pronounced increasing trends identified during summers along the Virginia and Maryland border. The study also finds a statistically significant positive trend (at a 0.05 significance level) in the annual maximum precipitation. Furthermore, the number of daily extremes (daily total precipitation higher than the 95th and 99th percentiles) also depicts statistically significant increases, indicating the increased frequency of extreme precipitation events. Investigations into the proportion of annual precipitation occurring on wet days and extremely wet days (95th and 99th percentile) also indicate a significant increase in their relative contribution. The findings of this study have the potential to improve local-scale decision-making in terms of river basin management, flood control, irrigation scheme scheduling, and stormwater infrastructure planning to address urban resilience to hydrometeorological hazards.
A Small Island With Big Differences? Folk Perceptions in the Context of Dialect Levelling and Koineization
Authors: Fotiou Constantina , Grohmann Kleanthes K.
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the results of the first study within a perceptual dialectology framework in the Greek-speaking community in Cyprus. Thirty participants from three age groups of equal size took part in a sociolinguistic interview. As part of the language module component of the interview, they discussed their beliefs about regional variation in Cyprus and completed the so-called ‘draw-a-map task’. All participants were residents of urban areas of Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus. The Greek-speaking community in Cyprus is diglossic: Standard Modern Greek is the High variety, while Cypriot Greek—the mother tongue of Greek Cypriots—is the Low variety. The latter is currently undergoing levelling of marked local basilect features and subvarieties. A quantitative analysis of the maps demonstrates that some areas in Cyprus (mainly in the periphery) have a stronger sociolinguistic salience than others. At the same time, the participants’ own way of speaking is perceived as unmarked, neutral and one that enjoys wider acceptance over other regional dialects. This study also shows a clear preference for characterizing a (presumed) dialect area with linguistic characteristics, rather than with evaluative commentary contra many similar studies in the literature and suggests a number of reasons why this may be so. Overall, this research shows how studies on language perception can inform and complement studies on language production in a given community. The participants drew an average of just four regional areas on their maps and viewed the different cities and their districts, or combinations thereof, as the different regional dialect areas they perceive to exist in Cyprus. It is argued in this paper that the small number of areas drawn and the emphasis on urban sites are consistent with regional dialect levelling. Consistent with regional dialect levelling is also the finding that the participants’ linguistic description of regional variation, while mainly accurate, is superficial and lacks detail. Interestingly, many of the participants also seem to be well aware of regional dialect levelling in their community. Other studies in the literature do not really discuss speakers’ awareness of levelling and this should be further explored in future studies.
Predicting Activation Liking of People With Dementia
Authors: Steinert Lars , Putze Felix , Küster Dennis , Schultz Tanja
Published: January 2022

Physical, social and cognitive activation is an important cornerstone in non-pharmacological therapy for People with Dementia (PwD). To support long-term motivation and well-being, activation contents first need to be perceived positively. Prompting for explicit feedback, however, is intrusive and interrupts the activation flow. Automated analyses of verbal and non-verbal signals could provide an unobtrusive means of recommending suitable contents based on implicit feedback. In this study, we investigate the correlation between engagement responses and self-reported activation ratings. Subsequently, we predict ratings of PwD based on verbal and non-verbal signals in an unconstrained care setting. Applying Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) networks, we can show that our classifier outperforms chance level. We further investigate which features are the most promising indicators for the prediction of activation ratings of PwD.
Prediction of High-Altitude Cardiorespiratory Fitness Impairment Using a Combination of Physiological Parameters During Exercise at Sea Level and Genetic Information in an Integrated Risk Model
Authors: Yang Jie , Tan Hu , Sun Mengjia , Chen Renzheng , Zhang Jihang , Liu Chuan , Yang Yuanqi , Ding Xiaohan , Yu Shiyong , Gu Wenzhu , Ke Jingbin , Shen Yang , Zhang Chen , Gao Xubin , Li Chun , Huang Lan
Published: January 2022

Insufficient cardiorespiratory compensation is closely associated with acute hypoxic symptoms and high-altitude (HA) cardiovascular events. To avoid such adverse events, predicting HA cardiorespiratory fitness impairment (HA-CRFi) is clinically important. However, to date, there is insufficient information regarding the prediction of HA-CRFi. In this study, we aimed to formulate a protocol to predict individuals at risk of HA-CRFi. We recruited 246 volunteers who were transported to Lhasa (HA, 3,700 m) from Chengdu (the sea level [SL], <500 m) through an airplane. Physiological parameters at rest and during post-submaximal exercise, as well as cardiorespiratory fitness at HA and SL, were measured. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were employed to predict HA-CRFi. We analyzed 66 pulmonary vascular function and hypoxia-inducible factor- (HIF-) related polymorphisms associated with HA-CRFi. To increase the prediction accuracy, we used a combination model including physiological parameters and genetic information to predict HA-CRFi. The oxygen saturation (SpO2) of post-submaximal exercise at SL and EPAS1 rs13419896-A and EGLN1 rs508618-G variants were associated with HA-CRFi (SpO2, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.736, cutoff = 95.5%, p < 0.001; EPAS1 A and EGLN1 G, odds ratio [OR] = 12.02, 95% CI = 4.84–29.85, p < 0.001). A combination model including the two risk factors—post-submaximal exercise SpO2 at SL of <95.5% and the presence of EPAS1 rs13419896-A and EGLN1 rs508618-G variants—was significantly more effective and accurate in predicting HA-CRFi (OR = 19.62, 95% CI = 6.42–59.94, p < 0.001). Our study employed a combination of genetic information and the physiological parameters of post-submaximal exercise at SL to predict HA-CRFi. Based on the optimized prediction model, our findings could identify individuals at a high risk of HA-CRFi in an early stage and reduce cardiovascular events.