bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of restorative treatment on children's behavior at the first recall visit in a private pediatric dental practice
Authors: Brill Warren
Published: April 2015

Clinicians anecdotally believe that children, who have an invasive dental procedure after the initial office visit, often exhibit negative behavior at the recall examination. The purpose of this study was to document the behavior of children having the first recall visit at a private pediatric dental practice to determine if the restorative dentistry experience influenced behavior at recall. All children presenting for the first recall visit in the private practice of the author were included in the study (n = 271). Patient age, method of payment as an indicator of socio-economic status and whether or not they had restorative dental treatment subsequent to the initial visit was recorded by the author, who was also the treating dentist. Behavior was evaluated using the scale formulated by Sarnat, which rates behavior in 5 categories from completely cooperative to completely uncooperative. Behavior at the initial visit was also recorded and retrieved from retrospective examination of patient records. The results showed that 3 to 6 year olds, who underwent restorative dentistry, exhibited more negative behavior than those who did not. No difference in behavior was found in those children under 3 years or over 6 years of age. Depending on the age, behavior at the first recall visit may be influenced by having undergone a restorative dental procedure after the initial examination.
Infantile osteopetrosis: a case report with osteomyolitis of the maxilla
Authors: Toranzo Fernandez Jose Martin , Noyola Frias Miguel Angel , Duarte Hernandez Sandra Patricia
Published: April 2015

A case of a pediatric patient diagnosed with osteopetrosis complicated by osteomyelitis in the maxilla is presented. The combined medical-surgical treatment for this type of patient is discussed.
Prevalence of malocclusion in 4-6 year old Brazilian children
Authors: Alonso Chevitarese Ana Beatriz , Valle Daniella Della , Moreira Teresa Cristina
Published: April 2015

The prevalence of malocclusion and the relationship with oral habits in Brazilian children from two public primary schools was evaluated. The sample was composed of 112 children with mean age of 61 ± 6.67 months. The results demonstrated the presence of malocclusions in 75.8% (n=85). The oral habits was related by 34.8% (n=39). The open bite was the most prevalent malocclusion in the studied population and the oral habits was the decisive etiological factor.
Food sugar substitutes: a brief review for dental clinicians
Authors: Roberts Michael , Wright J.Timothy
Published: April 2015

The frequent ingestion of fermentable sugars such as sucrose, fructose, glucose and maltose is conducive to the development of caries in the teeth of susceptible individuals. Natural and artificial alternatives to these sugars have been and continue to be developed as non/low-caloric sweeteners. The US Food and Drug Administration have approved four non-caloric sweeteners at present. However, there are several other non-caloric sweeteners being commonly used in other countries.A review of these sweeteners is provided with information on a promising new agent that has not yet gained FDA approval.
Amelogenesis imperfecta and nephrocalcinosis: a new case of this rare syndrome
Authors: de la Tranchade Isabelle Normand , Bonarek Hervé , Marteau Jean-Marie , Boileau Marie-José , Nancy Javotte
Published: April 2015

This article describes a new case of a rare syndrome including enamel agenesis of the primary and permanent dentition, delayed or absent eruption of the permanent dentition, coronal intraalveolar resorption and gingival enlargement. Renal symptoms include medullary nephrocalcinosis without any apparent cause, and evolution to a renal failure. The early diagnosis provided by the oral symptoms leads to a better renal prognosis. As a consequence, pediatric dentists should be aware of this pathology.
Use of acellular dermal matrix graft in the treatment of gingival recessions: a case report
Authors: Pontes Ana Emília , Novaes Júnior Arthur , Grisi Márcio , Souza Sérgio , Taba Júnior Mário
Published: April 2015

Case presentation in which a 12-years-old boy presented with two large gingival recessions on the maxillary central incisors, secondary to a lateral luxation. In the surgical procedure, an acellular dermal matrix graft (ADMG) was placed as a substitute for a free gingival graft.Twelve months later, complete root coverage was achieved, showing that ADMG, a biomaterial recently developed for mucogingival surgery, can be successfully used in the treatment of gingival recessions in pediatric patients.
Combined aplasia of maxillary first molars and lateral incisors: a case report and management
Authors: Zarrinnia Kourosh , Bassiouny Mohamed
Published: April 2015

Congenital absence of teeth, as the most commonly known developmental dental anomaly in man, has a multitude of adverse affects that could be detrimental to normal function and esthetics. This report presents a rare case of combined agenecies of maxillary permanent first molars and lateral incisors. The management plans are highlighted, and phase I orthodontic–restorative treatment mechanics and its result are described. The benefits for early orthodontic treatment intervention for this case presented here are discussed.
Prevalence of gingival stippling in children
Authors: Bimstein Enrique , Peretz Benjamin , Holan Gideon
Published: April 2015

Gingival stippling is a characteristic of the healthy attached gingiva and its diminution or loss has been considered as a sign of gingival disease. The clinician however, must take in consideration that its pattern and extent varies in different mouth areas, among persons and with age. Reports on the prevalence of stippling in children are few and inconsistent. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to describe the prevalence of gingival stippling in children of various ages. Fifty-five high quality anterior oral color slides of children (25 girls and 30 boys) aged 1 to 10 years, were examined for the presence of stippling. The average age of the study population was 5.1 years (S. E. = 0.3). The overall prevalence of stippling was 56.4%.Analysis of the differences between boys and girls in age (t-test) or the prevalence of stippling (Chi square) did not indicate statistical significance (p>0.05). Stippling was evident from 3 years of age and thereafter, with no particular trend of change with age. Stippling was found in 47.2 % of the maxillary areas, in 41.7% of the mandibular areas, and in 26.1% in both arches of the same child. The differences in distribution of stippling by gender and arch were not statistically significant (Chi square, p>0.05). In conclusion, gingival stippling was found to be a normal characteristic in 56.3% of 3 to 10-year-old children, without significant differences in prevalence related to arch, gender or age.
Aspects of mandibular morphology, with specific reference to the antegonial notch and the curve of Spee
Authors: Salem Omar , Al-Sehaibany Fares , Preston C. Brian
Published: April 2015

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether particular metrical traits of the mandibular antegonial notches are associated with specific mandibular growth patterns, and also with the mean depth of the curve of Spee. Thirty pre-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs belonging to a randomly selected group of patients treated in the orthodontic clinic at the SUNY at Buffalo were digitized. The surface areas of the mandibular antegonial notches, as well as some sagittal facial dimensions were measured on each radiograph. The curve of Spee was measured directly from the pre-treatment mandibular study cast of each patient included in this study. An analysis of variance showed no statistically significant difference (p<0.01) between the measurements recorded by the two examiners who conducted this study. The results of this study showed a statistically significant positive correlation between the surface areas of the antegonial notches and the lower anterior facial heights (r= 0.87, P<0.001). At the same time a statistically significant negative correlation was found between the surface areas of the antegonial notches and the lengths of the mandibular bodies (r= -0.9, P<0.001). A significant negative statistical relationship was shown to exist between the lower anterior facial heights and the lengths of the corresponding mandibular bodies, and also between the depths of the curves of Spee and the surface area of the respective antegonial notches (r= -0.85, P< 0.002). The results of this study indicate that an increase in the areas of the antegonial notches is associated with a tendency for greater vertical growth of the mandible. The results further suggest that the depth of the curve of Spee and the length of the mandibular body are decreased when there is an increase in the surface areas of the antegonial notches.
Clinical treatment of oral manifestations of Beckwith-Wiedeman syndrome in a child
Authors: Giancotti Aldo , Romanini Gaia , Docimo Raffaella , Arcuri Claudio
Published: April 2015

Orthodontic treatment in a young patient with Beckwith-Wiedeman Syndrome (BWS) is reported and a multidisciplinary approach to the management of this syndrome is reviewed. The patient presented with a tendency to Class III malocclusion, an open-bite and a slight macroglossia, which was treated at an early age by glossotomy. It was decided to monitor growth without treatment and to wait for the best time to begin therapy. It was based only on functional rehabilitation, without any fixed appliances, in which optimum intercuspation of the teeth and the skeletal Class I relationship was achieved and maintained after the retention period of three years. In conclusion the treatment of BWS patients requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes orthodontics, orthopaedics and surgical intervention. It is also necessary to underline the significance of diagnosis at an early age and timely treatment to reduce the development of dento-skeletal alterations.
Distribution of different types of occlusal contacts at maximal intercuspal position in deciduous dentition
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos Henrique , Mori Matsuyoshi , Rodrigues Ana Áurea , Jandiroba Nascimento Enaura , Queiroz Gonçalves Fábio Maurício , Carneiro Santana Katiuscy
Published: April 2015

Since there is a lack of standardization of occlusal contacts for deciduous dentition, this study assessed distribution and different types of occlusal contacts at maximal intercuspal position in children from 4 to 5 1/2 years, with normal occlusion, finding a pattern able to be used as a reference for dentists during the rehabilitation of these children, and suitable for development of the craniofacial complex.
Retarded eruption of maxillary second premolars associated with late development of the germs
Authors: Taguchi Yo , Yano Yoshihiko , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Noda Tadashi
Published: April 2015

This study focused on five unusual cases with anomalous eruptions of the maxillary second premolars that related to late development of the germs. In four cases, the affected premolars erupted between the ages of 12y3m and 14y6m. In one case, which was suspected to include bilateral anomalies, the eruption of the premolar was excessively late, continuing up to 17y8m old. It was surmised that the degree of tooth formation in the contralateral side might help to predict approximately at what age the late premolars will erupt.
Pre-eruptive intracoronal dentin defects of permanent teeth
Authors: Noriah Nik Nik , Abdul Rahman Rahmah
Published: April 2015

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of pre-eruptive intracoronal dentin defects from panoramic radiographs from a group of children and young adults aged 20 years and below. The radiolucent lesions were noted with regard to which teeth were affected, the location of the defects and the size of the defects relative to the width of dentin. Out of 1007 radiographs examined, 275 (27.3%) have pre-eruptive dentin defects. The prevalence of anomaly among males was 28.4% as compared to 26.2% among females. However, the difference between genders was not significant, thus subsequent results have been combined. Of 275 subjects with dentin radiolucencies, 243 subjects (88.7%) had only one affected tooth, 30 subjects (10.9%) had two teeth affected and 2 subjects (0.7%) had three affected teeth. The tooth prevalence of the anomaly was 2.1% and most of the lesions occurred as a single occurrence on the affected tooth.Within each tooth type, the highest tooth prevalence of intracoronal dentin defect was found in the upper first premolar (5.1%). More than half of the lesions extended less than 1/3 of the width of the dentin thickness. The high prevalence of the condition indicates the need for increased awareness and recognition of this during radiographic examination of teeth in the pediatric age group in early pre-eruptive stages so that early detection and diagnosis can be made and treatment can be done at the most appropriate time.
Mandibular intraosseous leiomyoma in a child: report of a case
Authors: Bertolini Federica , Bianchi Bernardo , Corradi Domenico , Caradonna Luigi , Sesenna Enrico
Published: April 2015

Leiomyoma is a benign tumor of smooth muscle origin that rarely occurs in the oral cavity. Of the 118 cases occurring in the oral cavity described since 1884, only five involved the mandible. This is a case of an intraosseous leiomyoma in a 9-year old child, who presented to our attention with a firm intraoral mass, involving the angle and the posterior portion of the left mandibular body. The patient was treated with local incision alone, preserving the permanent dental germs and the left inferior alveolar nerve. He remained disease free with regular follow-up for 40 months.
Parental anxiety levels during pediatric induction with and without administration of premedication for general anesthesia
Authors: Goldvasser Yuri , Julliard Kell
Published: April 2015

This study measured parental anxiety before, during, and after elective dental procedures under general anesthesia using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety questionnaire. State anxiety started relatively high before the procedures, peaked immediately after induction using general anesthesia, and dropped during recovery to below the initial score. Parents, whose children were premedicated and fathers in general, had significantly higher anxiety immediately after induction. This study supports interventions to lower anxiety of the parents as well as that of children.
Mandibular pendex spring appliance for use in mixed dentition
Authors: Giancotti Aldo , Radico Paola , Docimo Raffaella
Published: April 2015

Loss of space in the mandibular arch is a common occurrence due to several different causes such as caries, trauma or iatrogenic damage. This paper describes a new TMA spring used in mixed dentition for space regaining in the mandibular arch. A clinical report is presented and the advantages of the method are discussed.
Biological factors in dental caries enamel structure and the caries process in the dynamic process of demineralization and remineralization (part 2)
Authors: Hicks John , Garcia-Godoy Franklin , Flaitz Catherine
Published: April 2015

Dental caries is a complex disease process that afflicts a large proportion of the world's population, regardless of gender, age and ethnicity, although it does tend to affect more indivduals with a low socioeconomic status to a greater extent.The physicochemical properties of the mineral comprising the tooth surface and subsurface modulate the development, arrestment and remineralization of dental caries. Post-eruption maturation of enamel surfaces and exposed root surfaces is important in order for more susceptible mineral phases to be modified by incorporation of soluble fluoride from the plaque into dental hydroxyapatite. The chemical reactions that occur during acidic conditions when tooth mineral dissolves (critical pH) are determined by the supersaturation of calcium and phosphate within plaque and saliva, as well as if fluoride is present.
Esthetic alternative for fluorosis blemishes with the usage of a dual bleaching system based on hydrogen peroxide at 35%
Authors: Bussadori Sandra Kalil , do Rego Marcos Augusto , da Silva Patrícia Eberson , Pinto Marcelo Mendes , Guedes Pinto Antonio Carlos
Published: April 2015

Esthetic dental procedures in pediatric dentistry represent sources of satisfaction and realization, as much for the patient as for the professional. Lack of dental esthetics may develop psychological problems in infant as well as in adolescent patients. Blemishes produced by fluorosis appear as a challenge to the pediatric dentist and alternatives for treatment are desired. The scope of this present paper is to relate a clinical case with esthetic solution for blemishes in teeth enamel due to fluorosis. A dual system of bleaching was used (photo/chemically activated) based on hydrogen peroxide at 35% (Hi-Lite-Shofu) in a male eight-year-old patient with white fluorosis blemishes on teeth 11 and 21.The bleaching system used was efficient in bleaching teeth with white blemishes due to fluorosis, thus masking the blemishes and providing a more uniform appearance.
Effects of timing and number of palate repair on maxillary growth in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients
Authors: Kumar Jena Ashok , Duggal Ritu , Roychoudhury Ajoy , Parkash Hari
Published: April 2015

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 subjects to investigate the effects of timings and number of palate surgeries on maxillary growth in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients.The number of surgeries performed for palate repair was not an important growth inhibiting factor of maxilla, rather the age at which the initial palate surgery was performed for palate repair was an important factor in influencing maxillary growth.
Titanium penetration in human enamel after TiF4 application
Authors: Beatriz Chevitarese Ana , Chevitarese Orlando , Maria Chevitarese Leila , Bechara Dutra Paulo
Published: April 2015

The TiF4 application produces a titanium coating on enamel surface, reducing solubility in presence of cariogenic challenge. However, it is not established if this titanium also penetrates inside the enamel. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the presence of this superficial coat and titanium penetration into human sound and decayed enamel after TiF4 application. Twenty-four unerupted third molars were mesiodistally cut and divided into two groups (GA - sound and GB – artificial decayed). After a 4% TiF4 application, each sample was fractured longitudinally (occlusal-cervical). Through microprobe analysis with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), titanium penetration could be observed inside the enamel. The McNemar test (p=0.267) showed that there was no difference between the groups analyzed regarding to titanium penetration, although in group A the titanium penetrated more deeply (Wilcoxon test, p=0.047). It could be concluded that there was no difference between the groups regarding the titanium penetration, but titanium penetrated more deeply into sound enamel compared to artificially decayed enamel.
Micro-tensile bond strength of adhesive systems applied on occlusal primary enamel
Authors: Ramires-Romito Ana Cláudia , Reis Alessandra , Dourado Loguercio Alessandro , Fernando de Góes Mário , Miranda Grande Rosa Helena
Published: April 2015

The aim of this study was to evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength of adhesive systems (OptiBond Solo™, Kerr; Prime & Bond NT®, Dentsply) on occlusal surface of primary molars. The adhesives were tested under manufacturers' specifications and after contamination of the bonding site with saliva. Hourglass cylindrical-shaped samples were obtained and subjected to a tensile force. No significant difference was observed among the groups. OptiBond Solo™ and Prime & Bond NT® showed similar values of bond strengths when applied on occlusal enamel of primary molar under either saliva contamination or not.
Prevalence of bruxism in children receiving treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study
Authors: Malki Ghadah , Zawawi Khalid , Melis Marcello , Hughes Christopher
Published: April 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluate reported bruxism among children affected by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Thirty children diagnosed with ADHD and 30 healthy age and gender matched controls participated in the study. All subjects were examined for dental attrition, and the parents were asked for signs and symptoms of bruxism in their children using a questionnaire. Prevalence of oral parafunction was evaluated comparing ADHD children taking medications, ADHD children not taking medications, and controls. Subjects affected by ADHD and pharmacologically treated showed higher occurrence of bruxism compared to subjects affected by ADHD not taking medicines and controls; and within the ADHD group taking medications, CNS-stimulants have been associated with such side effect more frequently than the other drugs.
Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma: a case report
Authors: Dhanuthai Kittipong , Kongin Kusak
Published: April 2015

Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is a rare mixed odontogenic tumor consisting of both ectodermal and mesenchymal components. It occurs predominantly in children and adolescents, especially in the mandibular posterior region. Histopathologically,AFO exhibits the combination of ameloblastic fibromalike tissue and complex odontoma. A case of AFO in a 1-year-old child was presented. It produced an expansile lesion over the upper right anterior region and showed typical histopathological features of AFO. She was treated by enucleation with no recurrence observed after a follow-up period of 1 year.
Regional Odontodysplasia: Report of a case
Authors: Özer Levent , Çetiner Serap , Ersoy Ersan
Published: April 2015

Regional odontodysplasia is a rare developmental anomaly involving both mesodermal and ectodermal dental components in groups of contigous teeth. RO affects the primary and permanent dentition in the maxilla and mandible or both jaws. Generally, it is localized in only one arch. The maxillary arch is affected more often than the mandibular arch. The affected teeth tend to be in a consecutive series that does not cross the midline, although some cases do not follow this pattern, as in the present case, have been documented. Radiogaphically wide pulp chambers and thin poorly defined hard tissue outlines described as a "ghost teeth" appearance, are typical features. A case of regional odontodysplasia in a 5 year old male patient is presented. The clinical and radiogaphical findings of this developmental anomaly and treatment are described.
Gummy smile: clinical parameters useful for diagnosis and therapeutical approach
Authors: Monaco Annalisa , Streni Oriana , Chiara Marci Maria , Marzo Giuseppe , Gatto Roberto , Giannoni Mario
Published: April 2015

In the analysis of the characteristics of a pleasant smile, a gummy smile has negative components, which most affect the esthetics of non-verbal communication. For this purpose a proposed classification based upon etiopathogenetic criteria as useful indications for a therapeutical approach is given.The nature of a high smile line can be: dento-gingival, connected to an abnormal dental eruption, which is revealed by a short clinic crown; muscular, caused by an hyperactivity of the elevator muscle of the upper lip; dento-alveolar (skeletal), due to an excessive protuberance or vertical growth of the jawbone (maxillary); lastly, a mixed nature, in the presence of more than one of the above described factors.The diagnosis of gummy smile must be precocious and based, with reference to specific parameters, upon a careful analysis of the etiopathogenetic factors and the degree of seriousness of the alteration. A correct treatment plan must contemplate the possibility of an orthognatodontic, orthopedic and/or surgical therapeutic resolution considering the seriousness and complexity of the gums exposures (high smile line) in connection with the age of the subject.
Treatment strategy for patients with ectodermal dysplasia
Authors: Martin Jack W. , Tselios Nicholas , Chambers Mark S.
Published: April 2015

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a hereditary condition characterized by abnormal development of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and the stomatognathic system. There are many different types of ectodermal dysplasia of which X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is the most common. Multiple genes have been discovered to cause ectodermal dysplasias. With any form of ED, children may display a range of symptoms and challenging rehabilitation. This clinical report presents the treatment plan for a young patient with ED and anodontia requiring prosthetic restoration.

J Clin Pediatr Dent 29(2): 113-118,2005
Use of orthopedic finger distractor for facial asymmetry correction
Authors: Roychoudhury Ajoy , Batra Puneet
Published: April 2015

Facial asymmetry after unilateral ankylosis results due to the loss of the condylar growth center on the ankylosed side. This results in the skeletal midline deviating to the affected side, a lack of vertical growth on the same side produces a cant of the occlusal plane and mandibular retrognathism is seen as a result of the hypoplasia. The lower border of the mandibular corpus and angle on the contra lateral side is usually flattened. We report a case of facial asymmetry following unilateral ankylosis, which was treated by a combined approach with distraction osteogenesis and orthodontics. Inexpensive orthopedic finger distractors were used. The facial changes were analyzed using the Grummons facial asymmetry analysis.

J Clin Pediatr Dent 29(2): 99-104, 2005
Bilateral protrusion of the buccal fat pad into the mouth of an infant
Authors: Santiago Bianca Marques , Damasceno Licínia Maria , Primo Laura Guimarães
Published: April 2015

The buccal fat pad is an anatomic structure, which contributes significantly to the prominence of the newborn’s and infant’s cheek. It is probably important in the suckling mechanism. In this article a case of unusual protrusion of this structure into the oral cavity of an infant is described. Besides the two-years of follow-up, a review of the literature is presented and a differential diagnosis is outlined.

J Clin Pediatr Dent 29(2): 181-184, 2004
Alveolar bone loss in the primary dentition
Authors: Pierro Viviane Santos da Silva , Ribeiro de Souza Ivete Pomarico
Published: April 2015

Alveolar bone loss has been reported in primary teeth of healthy young children with a variable prevalence. This study aimed to review the literature on alveolar bone loss in the primary teeth of children without systemic diseases and to discuss the controversies with regard to the prevalence of this pathology in the primary dentition.

J Clin Pediatr Dent 29(2): 139-142, 2004
In vitro occlusal wear of restorative materials on primary teeth
Authors: Villalta P. , Rodrigues C.R.
Published: April 2015

Since primary tooth enamel wears more rapidly than permanent tooth enamel, it is important to study the mechanical wear patterns of restorative materials used in the primary dentition. It is important that an in vitro evaluation of wear resistance of different restorative materials is done in order to establish a valid in vitro test protocol for use in pediatric dentistry.
Dental management of isolated growth hormone deficiency: a case report
Authors: Buduneli Nurcan , Riza Alpoz Ali , Candan Umit , Kardesler Levent , Yetkiner Enver
Published: April 2015

In case of growth hormone deficiency, periodontal problems may accompany due to the abnormal formation of teeth making plaque accumulation easier. The purpose of this report is to describe dental management of a 14-year old female patient with isolated growth hormone deficiency. She was referred to the Department of Periodontology for treatment of severe gingival inflammation. Periodontal treatment was done by means of scaling and root planning and the patient as well as her father was instructed on better oral hygiene. Following completion of the initial periodontal treatment and improvement of oral hygiene, the dentin carious lesions in the upper incisors were restored. Orthodontic treatment as well as treatment with human growth hormone supplementation was planned.
Oral manifestations of juvenile hyaline fibromatosis: a case report
Authors: Al-Malik Manal , Rehbini Ziad , Eltayeb Ali
Published: April 2015

Hyaline fibromatosis is a rare autosomal recessive disease of connective tissue, characterised by an accumulation of hyaline in the skin as well as various organs. The clinical features include: multiple cutaneous nodules, joint contractures, osteolytic lesions and gingival hypertrophy. This paper reports the case of an 11-year-old boy, who was referred to our dental clinic complaining of pain in his mouth. On examination, the patient had gross maxillary and mandibular gingival hyperplasia, which caused severe feeding difficulties. He also had severe dental decay, mal-positioned teeth and limited mouth opening.Treatment was done under general anesthesia to remove excess gingival tissue and extract the severely decayed teeth. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of juvenile hyaline fibromatosis. It was concluded that patients with this condition have special dental needs. Early diagnosis of the affected children is important in order to start early preventive dental therapy.
The relationship between the number of erupted primary teeth and the child's height and weight: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Haddad Ana Estela , Pires Correa Maria Salete Nahás
Published: April 2015

The objective of this study is to determine the correlation between the number of erupted primary teeth, the age, sex and the somatic measures of weight and height (length) in a Brazilian population based cross sectional study. A systematic sampling was used. Complete and consistent data were obtained from 870 of a total of 908 children from birth to 36 months of age. Statistical analysis comprised a multiple regression equation, where the number of erupted primary teeth was modeled as the dependent variable and the initial specification included the following independent variables: age, sex, birth-length, birth-weight, weight and length measured at the examination of the child. Results showed that in this study, 86% of the variation of the number of erupted primary teeth was explained by age and height of children (p<0.001). Age and height showed a stronger correlation with the number of erupted primary teeth than all the tested variables together. It was concluded that primary teeth eruption is highly influenced by age and height (length) of the child. Using the best regression equation found, a chart was constructed where the variation of the number of erupted primary teeth is given according to age and height of the child.
Mouthwash ingestion by preschool children
Authors: Cristina Cilense Zuanon Angela , Maria Fábio Aranha Andreza
Published: April 2015

Even though fluoride provides a significant contribution in dental caries prevention, it is known that its random employment may lead to enamel alterations such as dental fluorosis, besides the possibility of severe systemic alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ingestion of mouthwashes administered to preschool children. It was concluded that parents and teachers of young children must be very careful during the accomplishment of educational programs comprising fluoridated mouthwashes, because of the high possibility of ingestion.
Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome: Report on dental and craniofacial findings
Authors: Kumar Jena Dr. Ashok , Kharbanda Dr.Om
Published: April 2015

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by various ocular and extraocular malformations. Dental abnormalities are considered as definitive features for the diagnosis and differentiation of Rieger syndrome from other anterior chamber of the eye malformations. A case of Rieger syndrome with distinct dental and craniofacial anomalies is described. Significant cranio-dento-facial findings that have been observed are, teeth with short and dilacerated roots, hyperplastic frenums and underdeveloped maxilla. There was an anterior crossbite, bilateral posterior openbite and moderate to severe anterior crowding.
Colony Forming Unit Levels of Salivary Lactobacilli and Streptococcus mutans In Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Kupietzky Ari , Majumdar Amith , Shey Zia , Binder Robert , Matheson Pamela
Published: April 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of Lactobacilli (LB) and Streptococcus mutans (SM) colony forming units (CFU) in the saliva of subjects before and after orthodontic appliance placement.This was a controlled, prospective two-group, two-measurement, clinical trial performed on 64 study patients, 12-15 years old. Subjects in the experimental group were sampled for LB and SM in stimulated saliva collected on the same day but prior to band and bracket placement. The subjects in the control group were sampled on their first screening appointment two months prior to band and bracket placement. The second samples of LB and SM were taken from the experimental and control groups after two months. Saliva was transferred to a selective agar carrier and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C / 99 °F. LB and SM colonies forming units were compared with standard densities.The experimental group wearing orthodontic appliances had significantly higher mean LB CFU counts than the control group at the 2 month follow- up (3.25 vs. 2.57, p =0.0036). The two groups, however, did not show any difference in mean SM CFU counts at the 2 month follow-up (3.0 vs. 3.1, p = 0.66).

The results of this study showed that a higher number of CFUs of LB were associated with the group wearing orthodontic appliances after two months and may play a role in the increased levels of plaque seen in many orthodontic patients.
Factors associated with mandibular third molar eruption and impaction
Authors: Tsai Hung-Huey
Published: April 2015

A retrospective study, using panoramic radiographs, was conducted on 152 Taiwanese (72 males and 80 females) to investigate mandibular third molar eruption and impaction. The following measurements were made: inclinations and mesiodistal crown widths of the mandibular molars, vertical and horizontal spaces between the distal surface of the second molar and the anterior surface of the ramus, lengths and widths of the mandibular ramus and body, the ramus inclination, the mandibular plane angle, and the mandibular gonial angle. Differences between non-impaction and impaction groups were studied, and the variables were analyzed with multivariate discriminatory analysis. Significant differences between the two groups were found; variables describing spaces between the anterior of the ramus and the distal of the mandibular second molar and tooth size appeared to be the primary contributors to the differences observed.
Eruption cyst treated with a laser powered hydrokinetic system
Authors: Boj J. , Poirier C. , Espasa E. , Hernandez M. , Jacobson B.
Published: April 2015

Eruption cysts are benign cysts that appear on the mucosa of a tooth shortly before its eruption. The majority disappear on their own. If they hurt, bleed or are infected they may require surgical treatment to expose the tooth and drain the content. Here we present a clinical case of a six-year-old child with an eruption cyst on the permanent maxillary central left incisor, which was handled using treatment with an Er,Cr-YSGG laser. It did not require suture, there was no haemorrhage, swelling, infection or postoperative pain. The treatment of eruption cysts with this technique facilitates obtaining the cooperation of pediatric patients and makes behavior management by the pediatric dentist easier.
Resin composite sealant vs. polyacid-modified resin composite applied to post eruptive mature and immature molars: two year clinical study
Authors: Yakut Neşe , Sönmez Hayriye
Published: April 2015

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the post eruptive enamel maturation on the durability of polyacid-modified resin composite (PMRC; Dyract Seal) and resin composite (Fissurit F) sealant and understanding the effect of posteruptive enamel maturation on the sealant retention. To determine the possible effect of the enamel maturation to the sealant retention, the success of the sealants applied to the newly erupted mandibular first molars of the 6 to 7 years old children, who were in the fourth or fifth eruption stage according to Dennison's classification were compared with the sealants applied to first mandibular molars which were in the mouth at least for two years of the 9 years old children. The molars of the younger children were accepted as immature and the elders were posteruptively mature The sealant retention was evaluated for two years. At the end of two years the retention rates of Dyract Seal were significantly lower. Maturation has no effect on the sealant retention. Dyract Seal application after NRC conditioning is not recommended.
Efficacy of various intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis in primary teeth: An in vivo study
Authors: Önçag̈ Özant , Gogulu Dislah , Uzel Atac
Published: April 2015

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of three intracanal medicaments (Ca(OH)2, 1% chlorhexidine gel and 1% chlorhexidine gel with Ca(OH)2 against Enterococcus faecalis in necrotic primary teeth.

As a conclusion, chlorhexidine gel with or without Ca(OH)2 was more effective than Ca(OH)2 alone against Enterococcus faecalis.
Multiple developmental dental anomalies and hypermobility type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Authors: Yassin Othman , Rihani Farouk
Published: April 2015

Concurrent existence of multiple developmental dental anomalies: hypodontia of permanent mandibular incisors, dentin dysplasia, transmigration, root dilaceration, ectopic eruption and delayed eruption combined with systemic abnormalities including joint hyperlaxity and skin hyperextensibility aided in diagnosis of a sporadic case of hypermobility type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in a Jordanian Arab male. In dental practice the presence of multiple developmental dental anomalies expressing simultaneous defects in different stages of tooth development should raise suspicion of possible of manifestation of an underlying systemic abnormality.
Expansion of the Mandibular Arch in Children during the Mixed Dentition Period - A Clinical Study
Authors: Maki Kenshi , Sorada Yasuhiro , Ansai Toshihiro , Nishioka Takahiro , Braham Raymond , Konoo Tetsuro
Published: April 2015

A review of the dental literature revealed relatively few studies on the expansion of the mandibular dental arch. The present study attempted expansion of the mandibular arch using a Bihelix appliance. The subjects were 16 children, exhibiting crowding, age ranges from 7 to 11 years. The mandible was expanded 2.0 mm every 3 months. Significant expansion, not only of the individual tooth inter-arch dimensions but also of the overall arch length, was obtained during the period of incisor tooth replacement. The mode of expansion was classified as follows: Type I, those, which showed no effect on the apical base; Type II, those which showed no consistency of the measurement lines. In this study, 6 of16 cases were classified as type I and 10 cases as type II. Expansion was continued over a period of 1.5 to 3 years. We concluded that considerable lateral expansion of the mandibular arch is possible using the Bihelix appliance. It is suggested that this might contribute greatly to non-extraction orthodontic treatment. Further studies are recommended.
An atypical Lingual Lesion Resulting from the Unhealthy Habit of Sucking the Lower Lip: Clinical Case Study
Authors: Barbería Elena , Lucavechi Tania , Cárdenas Dora , Maroto Myriam
Published: April 2015

Unhealthy oral habits may be involved in the etiology of a malocclusion, since they may affect development of the orofacial region. There is little information on the habit of sucking the lower lip, to which practitioners attribute less clinical consequences. However, lower lip sucking is a harmful habit which appears frequently in children, especially during situations requiring increased attention and mental concentration. In patients presenting lower lip sucking, strong contractions of the lower lip's orbicular's muscle and the mentalis muscle, associated with hypertonicity of the upper lip caused by sucking, has to be balanced by lingual thrusting during the act of deglutition. A case is presented in which failure to identify the habit of lower lip sucking led to an atypical lesion on the tongue, caused by the tongue's impaction against the orthodontic appliance prescribed to correct a malocclusion. The recognition and elimination of an unhealthy habit is of great importance in diagnosis and the establishment of a treatment plan, so that undesirable complications can be avoided.
Regional Odontodysplasia: Report of case.
Authors: Rosa Monica , Marcelino Gracy , Belchior Renata , Souza Ana Paula , Parizotto Symonne
Published: April 2015

A case of regional odontodysplasia in an 8 year-old male whose chief complaint was the absence of eruption of permanent teeth is presented. The regional odontodysplasia is a rare development anomaly of the dental tissues that affects the primary and permanent dentitions involving several adjacent teeth without crossing the midline. The clinical, radiographic and histological aspects are described as well as the treatment accomplished through surgery and prosthetic rehabilitation.
Indirect Composite Onlay Restorations in Primary Molars: a clinical report
Authors: Villalta Patricia , Butini Oliveira Luciana , Pettorossi Imparato José Carlos , Regina Martins Delgado Rodrigues Célia
Published: April 2015

The authors describe a clinical case of oral rehabilitation, in a 4-year-old patient, using indirect composite onlay restorations. Eight severely decayed primary molars were restored. The clinical findings after 4 years demonstrated the efficiency of the technique as well as its indication in extensive restorations in Pediatric Dentistry, reestablishing function and aesthetics of these primary teeth. The indirect composite onlay restorations seem to wear at rate compatible with primary tooth wear and maintain a smooth, continuous anatomic form.
Evaluation of Temporomandibular Disorders in Children Using Limited Cone-beam Computed Tomography: a case report
Authors: Sakabe Ruka , Sakabe Jun , Kuroki Yosuke , Nakajima Ichiro , Kijima Naoto , Honda Kazuya
Published: April 2015

Considerable advances have been made in dental and orthodontic diagnosis resulting from the development of a device known as a limited cone beam dental compact-CT (3DX). This report documents the diagnostic procedures and treatment performed on an eight year old female patient who presented with clinical signs and symptoms of a temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Evaluation of a bony abnormality of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using the limited cone-beam CT (3DX) proved to be of considerable value. A three-dimensional image of the right TMJ showed erosion and flattening of the condyle. Following treatment, there was marked alleviation of the clinical symptoms while considerable improvement of the bony abnormalities was clearly evident on a three-dimensional image.
Stem Cells in Dental Practice: Perspectives in Conservative Pulp Therapies
Authors: Casagrande Luciano , Grando Mattuella Letícia , Borba de Araujo Fernando , Eduardo Jacques
Published: April 2015

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the capacity to self-renew. They have been discovered in many adult tissues, including teeth. The Dental Pulp Stem Cells are involved in dentinal repair by activation of growth factors, released after caries process and have the ability to regenerate the dentin-pulp-like complex. The molecular/cellular research raises the possibilities to grow new tissues and biological structures for clinical application, providing cells for therapies including cell transplantation and tissue engineering.
Atypical Goldenhar Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Jena Ashok Kumar , Duggal Ritu
Published: April 2015

A patient with atypical Goldenhar syndrome is reported. The characteristic features similar to the other reported cases are facial asymmetry, multiple skin tags, limbal dermoids and posteriorly angulated ear. The atypical intraoral feature is unilateral presence of multiple complex odontomes. The hypotrophy of left hemisphere with localized calcification in the occipital and parietal regions of brain is also an additional finding in this patient.
Oral and Facial Inclusion Cysts in Newborns
Authors: Paula J , Dezan C , Frossard W , Walter L , Pinto LM
Published: April 2015

This study assessed the frequency of milia, alveolar and palatal cysts prevalence in newborns, as well as the time for complete involution of the most common reported inclusion cyst. Milia, alveolar and palatal cysts were observed in respectively, 31.4%, 28.2% and 78.8% of the newborns. Those that presented milia were 1.2 times more likely to present alveolar cysts. Mean time for complete involution of palatal cysts was 4.5 weeks.
Post Expansion Evaluation of the Midpalatal Suture in Children Submitted to Rapid Palatal Expansion: a CT Study
Authors: da Silva Filho Omar Gabriel , Lara Tulio Silva , da Silva Helena Cristina , Bertoz Francisco Antônio
Published: April 2015

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the midpalatal suture in children submitted to rapid palatal expansion, at the end of the retention stage, with CT scans. The sample was comprised of 17 children aged between 5 years 2 months and 10 years 5 months. The tomographic images showed that the midpalatal suture was completely ossified from the anterior nasal spine area to the posterior nasal spine area at the end of the retention phase, that is, 8 to 9 months postexpansion.
Artificial Plaque Removal with Carisolv System: A Clinical Approach
Authors: Yamada Yoshishige , Hossain Mozammal , Kimura Yuichi , Nakamura Yukio , Masuda Yoshiko , Shimizu Yuko , Matsumoto Koukichi
Published: April 2015

In the present study, removal of artificial plaque in pits and fissures with the Carisolv system was compared with that of conventional bristle brush method, in vitro. The results indicate that in the dental clinic, complete plaque removal with the Carisolv is possible, and in addition to acid etching, treated cavity was almost free of debris which might increase sealant retention.
Evaluation of an Educational Program for Children with High Risk of Caries
Authors: Zanin Luciane , Meneghim Marcelo , Assaf Andréa , Cortellazzi Karine , Pereira Antonio
Published: April 2015

The goal of this study was to evaluate a 15-month educational program designed to children. The sample consisted of 60 six-year olds, randomly assigned into control and experimental group. The control consisted of tooth brushing training, once a year. The experimental group received intensive individual tooth brushing training every three months and guidance on oral health. Initially, both groups were assessed using plaque, gingival, dmfs and DMF-S indexes every three months. In the control, no statistically significant difference was observed for plaque and gingival indexes. The experimental group showed a statistically significant reduction in mean values for two indexes. The caries indexes showed no statistically significant difference. The proposed educational program developed was efficient in reducing gingival and plaque indexes as well caries incidence.