bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AKAN POTESTARIAN-CULTURAL REGION IN THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF GHANA (ON THE PROBLEM OF THE FORMATION OF POLITICAL CULTURES OF THE LIBERATED COUNTRIES OF AFRICA)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Popov Vladimir A. ,   St. Petersburg Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

The Republic of Ghana (former British colony of the Gold Coast) inherited ethnic heterogeneity of its population from the colonial period along with its state borders. The southern and central regions of Ghana are inhabited by Akans, whose potestarianpolitical culture had the most serious impact on the formation and functioning of the political culture of the whole country. The article is devoted to the identification and characterization of the main components of the traditional potestarian-political culture of the Akans, among which the following are the most significant: 1) matrilineality of inheritance of status and property; 2) avunculate; 3) co-ruling of the chief (ohene) and his female sibling (ohema); 4) the institute of elders (panin), who influence power-andgovernance relations through the decisions of the councils of elders (of the village communities, chiefdoms or unions of chiefdoms); 5) the institute of okyeame — intermediaries (“linguists”) between the chiefs and their subjects; 6) the formations of the traditional order of battle as the basis of the administrative-territorial division of polities (omans); 7) the paramilitary nature of the potestarity apparatus and political structure of the omans; 8) special symbols and attributes of traditional power: stoolthrones, umbrellas, swords, wands and gold jewelry; 9) Odwira (Apafram) and Adae festivals associated with the consecration of a new crop of yams and the veneration (commemoration and propitiation) of ancestors. The author also defines the Akanian symbols and attributes of power that have already become an integral part of the all- Ghana political culture: The State Sword, the Wand of the Parliamentary Speaker and the Chair of the President of Ghana.
THE MOTIFS OF “THE TALES OF THE WESTCAR PAPYRUS” AND “THE PROPHECY OF NEFERTY” IN THE LATE EGYPTIAN TRADITION ABOUT KING SURID, THE PYRAMID-BUILDER
Authors:   HSE University, Ladynin Ivan A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Nemirovsky Alexander A. ,   HSE University,   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

The paper deals with the medieval Islamic-Egyptian account of the ancient king Surid, who received a prophecy about the future catastrophe of Egypt and the entire world (the Flood) destroying, in particular, his dynasty and who subsequently built the great pyramids. The authors conclude that it goes back to the ancient Egyptian motifs of the prophecy to King Sneferu (the founder of Dynasty IV) about the coming catastrophe of the First Intermediate Period (“The Prophecy of Neferty”) and of the prophecy to his successor King Khufu about the eventual end of this dynasty (“The Tales of Papyrus Westcar”). Surid is a contamination of Sneferu (Soris is the Hellenized form of the name Sneferu) and Khufu (the motif of pyramid building), and the prophecies he received are the said prophecies received by these kings.
Improving access to urban piped drinking water services in Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Weston Sally L. , Nijhawan Anisha , Reddy Olivia , Kulabako Robinah , MacCarthy Joseph M. , Kayaga Sam , Howard Guy
Published: November 2024

Access to reliable and safe piped drinking water protects public health and provides a range of social and other benefits. There has been substantial investment across Africa to improve access to piped water supply in urban areas of Africa, but the evidence on which approaches are most effective is sparse. We undertook a scoping review to identify studies in the published and grey literature that provide evidence on projects to improve access to piped water supply in urban areas of Africa. Available evidence is sparse and concentrated in a small number of countries. While progress has been made to increase access to piped water supply, benefits to low-income populations have been lower than for high-income groups. More projects focused on physical expansion of infrastructure rather than use of financial and economic measures, despite evidence of financial barriers being important in restricting access. There was mixed evidence that expansion of services improved service quality with several instances of deteriorating services found. The narrow literature base identified in this review highlights the urgent need for rigorous studies of effective approaches, which is essential to build upon successful interventions that hold the most promise for the future.
Assessment of Educational Needs of Patients in Clinical Hematology Towards the Implementation of a Structured Therapeutic Education Program
Authors: El Habchi Maha , Gazzaz Hassane , El Ouardi Abdelghani , El Aatik Yassine , Doghmi Kamal
Published: November 2024

Introduction

This study was conducted to assess the knowledge of patients with clinical hematology conditions and determine their educational needs in order to develop an adapted therapeutic education program in the clinical hematology department at Mohammed V Military Instruction Hospital. The objective was to identify areas where patients lack understanding in order to improve their management of the disease.

Objective

The objective of this study is to identify the educational needs of patients in clinical hematology.

Methods

The majority of patients have a good understanding of the essential aspects of their disease and treatment. However, significant gaps remain in understanding aspects related to disease acceptance, pain management, and relational and intimate issues. Patients have expressed a heightened need for information on practical aspects such as biological tests, fatigue management, and diet.

Results

Relational and intimate aspects are often perceived as less prioritized despite their importance. Religious beliefs play a significant role in how patients perceive their illness, with the majority viewing the disease as a form of predetermined fate.

Conclusion

The study highlights the importance of designing a therapeutic education program that addresses the specific needs of patients while considering their priorities and personal beliefs. The results emphasize the need to fill the identified gaps in understanding less addressed aspects of the disease and treatment. Therapeutic education program must be tailored to individual patients' needs to improve their overall management and quality of life.
External Validation and Modification of a New Score for Predicting Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in High Altitude Patients. A Peruvian Study
Authors: Calderón-Gerstein Walter , Torres-Samaniego Gabriela , Pazos-Sovero Kevin , Calderón-Anyosa Mirella
Published: November 2024

This study aims to validate two predictive mortality scores for patients with COVID-19 to support clinical decision-making in those who require hospitalization. The tomographic patterns found can be added to the original scores to increase their predictive power. Retrospective, analytical, observational, and cross-sectional studies were carried out in two phases. 489 medical records of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at “Daniel A. Carrión” Hospital in Huancayo (located at 3,250 meters above sea level) were reviewed to perform external validation. Two predictive scores, formed by nine (score 5) and ten variables (score 6) were evaluated. In a second step, a subgroup of 258 patients with chest CT scan results was assessed to determine the association of tomographic findings with mortality. The diagnostic precision of SAWBPIL and SAWBPI scores was high and it was found between 80% and 85%, as expressed by an area under the curve (AUC) of SAWBPIL score of 0.843 and SAWBPI score (without DHL) of 0.822. This diagnostic precision was similar to those of the original study (AUC 0.838 and 0.826, respectively) and higher than that of the CALL score (AUC 0.756). The percentage of pulmonary involvement was 54.59% in the surviving patients and 66.6% in those who died (p-value = 0.000). The performance of the modified SAWBPI score (SAWBPI-CT1.0), formed when adding the percentage of pulmonary involvement and the presence or absence of septa, reached a diagnostic precision of 84.4%, while the SAWBPIL score (SAWBPIL-CT1.0) reached a precision of 90.3%. For a value of 3.75 severity points or more, the modified SAWBPIL score reached a sensitivity of 86.8% and a specificity of 70.1% to predict mortality from COVID-19. Two new mortality prediction scores were shown to maintain their predictive capacity in the population studied. Adding tomographic data, the diagnostic precision of the score that includes LDH values reached a value of 90.3%, higher than most currently used scores.
Effective Physiotherapy for Post-Concussion Recovery and Return to Sports: Narrative Review
Authors: Farì Giacomo , Tedeschi Roberto , Bernetti Andrea , Donati Danilo
Published: November 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by direct or indirect forces is a prevalent issue in contact sports, leading to symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, nausea, and neck pain. These symptoms can have long-term consequences, including neurodegenerative diseases and mood disorders. This review fills an essential gap in the literature, as current studies on physiotherapy for traumatic brain injury (TBI) in sports are limited in scope, particularly in evaluating multimodal and personalized interventions. The review aims to synthesize and highlight the most effective approaches, providing crucial insights for developing evidence-based best practices. Searches were performed across multiple biomedical databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, Scopus, and Web of science. The primary outcomes measured were the time taken to return to sports and the reduction of symptoms. Five studies were selected based on inclusion criteria. The search strategy included specific keywords such as ‘brain concussion,’ ‘rehabilitation,’ ‘physiotherapy,’ and ‘return to sport.’ Inclusion criteria targeted randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews on physiotherapeutic interventions in TBI cases. In contrast, exclusion criteria ruled out studies lacking clinical applicability or with non-sport-related populations. The review included 93 initial studies, of which five met the inclusion criteria. Combined spinal and vestibular rehabilitation treatments were found to be more effective than individual treatments. Rest in the acute phase, followed by moderate aerobic activity, was also beneficial. The combined approach facilitated a quicker return to sports, with 73% of participants in the intervention group returning to sports within eight weeks compared to 7% in the control group. Characteristics of the included studies, such as sample sizes (ranging from 10 to 100 subjects), participant demographics (ages 8-72 years), and the statistical significance of findings (p-values ranging from 0.01 to 0.05), were assessed. Limitations included the small sample sizes and intervention heterogeneity, which could introduce bias.” Multimodal and personalized physiotherapeutic interventions are essential for effective rehabilitation in patients with TBI, particularly for a timely return to sports. Despite the positive findings, the current literature is limited and further research is necessary to explore medium and long-term interventions. Additional research is recommended in areas such as the long-term effectiveness of multimodal interventions and their application in diverse populations. Clinical practice implications include integrating personalized treatment plans to enhance recovery outcomes.
Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions in Promoting Physical Activity Among College Students: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bi Siyuan , Yuan Junfeng , Wang Yanling , Zhang Wenxin , Zhang Luqin , Zhang Yongjuan , Zhu Rui , Luo Lin
Published: November 2024

Background

Recent studies offer conflicting conclusions about the effectiveness of digital health interventions in changing physical activity behaviors. In addition, research focusing on digital health interventions for college students remains relatively scarce.

Objective

This study aims to examine the impact of digital health interventions on physical activity behaviors among college students, using objective measures as outcome indicators.

Methods

In accordance with the 2020 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across several databases, including MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO (CINAHL Plus with full text), to identify relevant intervention studies published up to June 6, 2023. The inclusion criteria specified studies that examined the quantitative relationships between digital health interventions and physical activity among adults aged 18 years to 29 years, focusing on light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time (ST), or steps. Non–randomized controlled trials were excluded. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results were synthesized both narratively and quantitatively, where applicable. When sufficient homogeneity was found among studies, a random-effects model was used for meta-analysis to account for variability.

Results

In total, 8 studies, encompassing 569 participants, were included in the analysis. The primary outcomes measured were LPA, MVPA, ST, and steps. Among these studies, 3 reported on LPA, 5 on MVPA, 5 on ST, and 3 on steps. The meta-analysis revealed a significant increase in steps for the intervention group compared with the control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.64, 95% CI 0.37-0.92; P<.001). However, no significant differences were observed between the intervention and control groups regarding LPA (SMD –0.08, 95% CI –0.32 to 0.16; P=.51), MVPA (SMD 0.02, 95% CI –0.19 to 0.22; P=.88), and ST (SMD 0.03, 95% CI –0.18 to 0.24; P=.78).

Conclusions

Digital health interventions are effective in increasing steps among college students; however, their effects on LPA, MVPA, and sedentary behavior are limited.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42024533180; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=533180
Community Versus Facility-Based Services to Improve the Screening of Active Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Cambodia: The ANRS 12384 CAM-C Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial—Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Mosnier Emilie , Ségéral Olivier , Neth Sansothy , Sagaon-Teyssier Luis , Khuon Dyna , Phoeung Chan Leakhena , Mam Sovatha , Chhay Chhingsrean , Heang Kimeang , Duclos-Vallée Jean Charles , Saphonn Vonthanak
Published: November 2024

Background

In Cambodia, hepatitis C constitutes a significant public health challenge, particularly among older adults (>45 years) for whom prevalence is estimated to be 5%. To facilitate the elimination of hepatitis C among the general population, enhancing access to screening and treatment is imperative. In this regard, the evaluation of community-based screening programs emerges as a crucial step toward improving health care accessibility.

Objective

This study aims to assess the comparative efficacy of a community-based versus a facility-based approach in enhancing the uptake of hepatitis C antibody testing among the general population older than 40 years of age in Cambodia.

Methods

The CAM-C (Community Versus Facility-Based Services to Improve the Screening of Active Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Cambodia) study uses a cluster-randomized controlled trial design across two Cambodian provinces to compare community-based and facility-based hepatitis testing interventions. Sampling involves a multistage cluster approach, targeting individuals older than 40 years of age due to their higher prevalence and risk of chronic hepatitis complications. This study incorporates a qualitative analysis of acceptability and a cost-effectiveness comparison. Interventions include facility-based testing with subsequent referral and community-based testing with direct in-home assessments. Follow-up for positive cases involves comprehensive management and potential direct-acting antiviral treatment. This study aims to identify a significant increase in testing uptake, requiring the screening of 6000 individuals older than 40 years of age, facilitated by a structured sampling and intervention approach to minimize contamination risks.

Results

The final protocol including the quantitative, qualitative, and cost-effectiveness part of the study was registered and was approved in 2019 by the National Ethical Cambodian for Health Research. Inclusions were completed by mid-2024, with analyses starting in May 2024.

Conclusions

Using a mixed methods approach that combines a robust methodology (cluster-randomized controlled trial) with a cost-effectiveness analysis and qualitative research, such a study should provide invaluable information to guide the Ministry of Health in its hepatitis C virus screening strategy and move toward elimination.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03992313; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03992313

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/63376
Characterized Features of English Teachers' Curriculum Understanding in Senior High Schools
Authors: Xu Rui
Published: November 2024

The in-depth promotion of the new curriculum reform and the requirement of the fundamental task of building morality and cultivating people have triggered more attention to the issue of "teachers' curriculum understanding" in curriculum field in China. Entering into the curriculum world of front-line English teachers in senior high schools, the researcher found that English teachers' curriculum understanding was often inconsistent at conceptual and practical levels, which aptly illustrated the complexity of English teachers' curriculum understanding in senior high schools. In this study, the practical behaviors of English teachers' curriculum understanding in senior high schools are sorted out and analyzed according to certain criteria, in an attempt to find a more reasonable curriculum understanding for English teachers.
A aplicação do in dubio pro societate na jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal: uma pesquisa empírica
Authors: Dias Kershaw Gustavo Henrique Holanda
Published: November 2024

In jury trials, Brazilian courts apply, during the first phase of the trial by jury, the legal maxim in dubio pro societate. Such practice sparks academic and jurisprudence controversies. How has the Supreme Federal Court (STF) applied and interpreted the principle of in dubio pro societate in its rulings? The research unfolds through qualitative analysis of 37 judicial cases from the STF on the subject. This research reached the following conclusions: there is no express constitutional provision for in dubio pro societate, it being a jurisprudential construct related to the constitutional competence of the jury; the evidence supporting the decision at the end of the first phase of the procedure, regarding the person who committed the crime, must be the evidence produced under the scrutiny of adversarial proceedings, with decisions solely supported by elements gathered in the investigation being prohibited; the standard of proof required to consider indications of the author of an offense is the preponderance of evidence, that is the set of evidence incriminating the accused must outweigh the evidence that would exonerate them, justifying their submission to trial by jury.
Mechanical Behaviour of Carbon Steel-Aluminium Laminated Composites under Impact Tests
Authors: G Mohan Kumar
Published: November 2024

Composite materials are engineered by combining two or more distinct constituent materials to create a new material with properties superior to those of its individual components. These materials exhibit exceptional attributes such as high stiffness and strength, low density, excellent thermal stability, high electrical and thermal conductivity, adjustable thermal expansion coefficients, corrosion resistance, and enhanced wear resistance. In this study, Izod and Charpy impact tests were conducted on laminated composites and their parent materials, including Carbon Steel (SAE 1042) and various aluminium alloys: 6061-T6, 6082-T651, and 5083-H112. The investigation focused on comparing the mechanical properties of these composites with one another, identify the most suitable composite with superior mechanical performance. The Izod and Charpy tests were conducted, and the results indicated that the Aluminium 6082-T651 combination exhibited the highest impact resistance and superior fracture resistance among the materials tested
Effects of Operations of Various Water Reservoirs and Dams According to their Safety for the Surroundings Areas
Authors: Pandit Dr. Bashir Ahmad
Published: November 2024

Dams are essential pieces of infrastructure that are required for river navigation, flood risk reduction, agriculture, water security, and the production of clean energy. However, controlling dam operations becomes more complex as a result of these several, frequently incompatible goals. Furthermore, dam infrastructure has been developing into intricate system-ofsystems with several interdependent parts and subsystems that are all vulnerable to a variety of uncertainties. Due to these intricacies and uncertainties, numerous research projects centered on dam systems and reservoir operational safety have been initiated. This work focuses on the latter by doing research-on-research, or meta-research, on previously published studies in order to pinpoint important research gaps and suggest future lines of inquiry. In order to discover and categorize significant and latent issues in the discipline, this research first conducts a quantitative analysis of the relevant literature using text mining and then topic modeling. The highlighted subjects are then critically reviewed using qualitative analysis, which explores the concepts, definitions, modeling methods, and key research trends. The study specifically targeted seven topics: water supply management, flood risk, inflow forecasting, hydropower generation, climate change, optimization models, and risk-based assessment and management. The paper also identifies three primary research needs related to the lack of resilience-guided management of dam operational safety, modeling tool capabilities, and modeling idea constraints. In order to guarantee the resilience of such vital infrastructure, particularly in the era of climate change, this study provides an overview of the existing research on dam and reservoir operational safety, the knowledge gaps related to it, and possible future research avenues.
The development of electronic worksheets for students using Live worksheets and GeoGebra to enhance students’ digital literacy
Authors: Monalisa Lioni Anka , Kristiana Arika Indah , Fatahillah Arif , Hussen Saddam , Fatimah Laila Nurul
Published: November 2024

Educational digitalization is characterized by technology-assisted media, leading to improved students’ digital literacy. One of these media is the electronic worksheet for students. An initial observation revealed that learning activities at Public Islamic Senior High School (MAN) in Bondowoso still operationalized conventional books as the sole media. This study aimed to develop electronic worksheets for students using valid, effective, and practical Geogebra-assisted live worksheets, guided by the 4-D model designed by Thiagarajan. This model consisted of four stages, i.e., define, design, develop, and disseminate. Data were collected through observation, tests, and questionnaires. Test questions were used to determine the level of effectiveness, and questionnaires were used for validity and practicality tests. The results revealed very high validity. The effectiveness analysis exhibited an N-Gain percentage of 76%, signifying a satisfactory effectiveness rate. The practicality analysis marked 86.20%, which is classified into a good category. The analysis results corroborated that electronic worksheets for students have proven valid, effective, and practical, demonstrating the potential to improve students' digital literacy.
The development of learning media "UNGGAS NANNO" on subjects of intranatal care and newborn care
Authors: Lellyawaty Lellyawaty , Vaira Rizky
Published: November 2024

Quality learning is the goal of learning. The mismatch of media in the delivery of lessons will result in the goal of learning not being achieved. In addition to teacher talks, videos, and practices in the laboratory to achieve learning objectives, it turns out that midwifery students have not mastered the related scientific foundations in subjects of intranatal care, especially providing care during labor and newborn care that has been studied. To attract students' interest and motivation in mastery, "Ular TaNGGa ASuhan PersaliNAn NOrmal (UNGGAS NANNO) or Intranatal Care and Newborn Care Snakes and Ladders Game" is needed in learning. The ADDIE model was used in research with validation subjects from expert teams and midwifery students as users. UNGGAS NANNO media is considered very worthy and very interesting in terms of the suitability of learning materials, images, and sizes, with an average score (of 92.5% and 96.8%). In addition to being feasible, UNGGAS NANNO can be used as an additional medium for learning and alternative assessments as a substitute for the final semester exam by teaching lecturers.
Interactive quiz media based on the Kahoot educational game to increase student motivation and learning outcomes
Authors: Latifah Aslihatul , Choirudin Choirudin , Ningsih Eka Fitria
Published: November 2024

The aim of this research is to evaluate impact use of quiz media interactive educational game based on Kahoot motivation and achievement Study student before and after implementing the Kahoot game. This research uses method quantitative experimental, with variables being measured through tests, questionnaires, and interviews structured to ensure the data collected nature numeric and can analyzed in a way statistics. This research also applies technique taking sample use cluster random sampling method. Data collection techniques involve use tests and questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out using analysis variance Multivariate using Wilk's Lambda test. Research results using test description of 5 pretests and 5 posttests in class VIII A Mts Mathla'ul Anwar Rawa Selapan show that Kahoot gaming media has a significant impact to enhancement motivation and results Study student. The results of MANOVA analysis show mark significance of 0.000 for Wilk's Lambda test, which is more small from level established significance​ previously. Hence, hypothesis​ zero rejected, implies that the use of Kahoot gaming media has a significant impact on motivation and results Study student
Differentiated teaching materials with an Islamic values approach in the differential calculus course
Authors: Nurcahyono Novi Andri , Imswatama Aritsya , Yudianto Arif
Published: November 2024

Students' needs in the learning process are different. For this reason, learning needs to be designed according to student characteristics in order to obtain optimal results. Apart from that, it is also necessary to pay attention to the values that will be given in each learning process. This is because the aim of education is not only human development, apart from science and technology, but also development from the faith and piety side, so that it can optimize the potential that is possessed both cognitively and socio-emotionally. So the aim of this research is to develop teaching materials based on differentiated learning with an Islamic values approach in the Differential Calculus course. This research uses a Research and Development approach. The development model used is the ADDIE model. Limited trials showed that the teaching materials developed obtained a percentage of 85% (very suitable) for use. There is differentiation in processes, material content and learning products and integration of Islamic values in the teaching materials developed.
Obesity: Complications, Complexities and Care Considerations
Authors: Hittepole Bridget
Published: November 2024

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder that continues to increase in prevalence in the United States and the world.  It is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and multiple malignancies.  The pathophysiology of obesity is extremely complicated and not entirely understood but multiple factors and mechanisms involving conscious diet patterns, food quality and availability, neurotransmitters in the brain and gut driving satiety and hunger, and patterns of physical activity play a role.  There are treatment options available for obesity including surgery and medication for many patients who suffer with this disease when proper diet and physical activity do not achieve sustained remission.
Adult attachment and sexting in Chinese college students' romantic relationships
Authors: Du Siyi , Yu Ke
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the mediating role of loneliness in the relationship between attachment styles and sexting among Chinese college students in romantic relationships. Participants comprised 656 college students who completed surveys measuring attachment styles, sexting, and loneliness.
Results were as follows: (a) attachment anxiety was positively correlated with sexting, (b) attachment avoidance was negatively correlated was sexting, (c) loneliness mediated the associations between attachment styles and sexting, and (d) the indirect effect of loneliness in the relationship
between attachment anxiety and sexting was stronger than that in the relationship between attachment avoidance and sexting. These findings expand the understanding of the psychological mechanisms at play in the relationship between adult attachment and sexting by introducing a theoretical
framework that incorporates uses and gratification theory. This study also provides practical insights for sex education providers that can empower students with information regarding the psychological motivations and physical risks related to sexting.
From leadership to luminescence: Illuminating the avenues of creativity in China's small and medium enterprise sector
Authors: Li Xiao , Álvarez-Otero Susana , Lee Hyerin , Han Heesup , Ariza-Montes Antonio
Published: November 2024

Exploring the dynamics of employee creativity in the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector is crucial for contemporary organizational studies, especially in the context of the Chinese culture. In this study we investigated the complex relationships among inclusive leadership, employees'
happiness, personal values like altruism, and creativity within China's SMEs. The objective was to understand how inclusive leadership combined with happiness and altruism of the employees impact creative outcomes. Data were collected from 408 employees and leaders in the SME sector using
a self-administered survey. We applied structural equation modeling using SMARTPLS software for analysis. We found that inclusive leadership significantly enhanced employee creativity, and this relationship was mediated by employee happiness. Employees' altruism was a key moderator, intensifying
the effects of inclusive leadership on employee creativity. Theoretically, this research fills gaps in understanding leadership, employees' happiness, personal values, and creativity in an SME context. Practically, our findings emphasize the importance of nurturing inclusive leadership and
focusing on employee well-being in guiding SMEs toward innovation and sustainable growth amidst evolving challenges.
Analysis of Students' Mathematical Reasoning Ability and Self-Confidence In Solving Problem-Based Questions
Authors: Anggerayni Annisa , Ikashaum Fertilia
Published: November 2024

Analysis of students' mathematical reasoning abilities and self-confidence in solving problems based on background problems in this study, namely the low students' reasoning abilities and self-confidence in learning mathematics. This study aims to: (1) Describe the level of students' mathematical reasoning abilities in solving problem-based questions. (2) Describe the level of self-confidence of students in answering problem-based questions. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Methods of data collection using: (1) Test (2) Questionnaire (3) Interview. Data analysis techniques use: (1) data reduction (2) data presentation (3) conclusion drawing. Based on the results of tests and questionnaires conducted on class VIII B students at SMP Negeri 10 Metro, this study showed that students who had reasoning abilities and high self-confidence in solving questions and questionnaires showed very good results. Meanwhile, students who have reasoning skills and self-confidence who are currently solving questions and questionnaires show quite good results. As for students who have low reasoning abilities also have a low level of self-confidence.
Ethnomathematics Learning Media Based on Augmented Reality in Geometry to Improve Numeracy Skills
Authors: Salsabila Nilza Humaira , Wulandari Nourma Pramestie , Kurniawan Eka
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this research is to describe the validity of the learning media that have been developed for mathematical learning. The learning media developed were based on augmented reality to improve numeracy skills. This media also contains elements of ethnomathematics. This research is a development research using the Plomp design research model. As for one of the media criteria, it is considered eligible if it meets the valid criteria. The results of the research showed that the media expert rating showed very good classification with an average score of 50. The material expert rating indicated good classification with an average rating of 30.5. Based on the results of the research, it can be said that the learning media is declared valid.
Subjective Income Inequality and Happiness: A Case study of Pakistan
Authors:   Student of Economics Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Ahmed Saad , Mukhtar Muska ,   Lecturer of Economics, Institute of Management Sciences Peshawar, Durrani Mariam ,   Lecturer of Economics, Institute of Management Sciences Peshawar
Published: November 2024

This study measures the relationship between subjective income inequality, happiness, and other factors in Pakistan. This study is the first of its kind in Pakistan, where it has determined the relationship between subjective income inequality and happiness. The data was taken from the World Values Survey database, where data of wave 7, i.e., 2018 for Pakistan, was chosen from 2017-2021. The sample size consisted of 1399 individuals. The theories that supported the results were the Tunnel Effect Theory and Multiple Discrepancy Theory. The Ordinal Probit Model was used due to the categorical nature of dependent and explanatory variables. The study at hand encompasses multiple independent variables such as health, gender, age, social class (subjective), satisfaction with the financial situation of the household, income inequality vs large income difference, and income level whereas happiness is the dependent variable. Findings revealed that Subjective income inequality (p<0.10), social class (p<0.10), and satisfaction with financial household condition (p<0.05) significantly affect individual happiness. However, objective income (p>0.10), gender (p<0.05), and age (p>0.05) do not have a significant impact on happiness. These findings support our stated hypotheses. Multiple discrepancy theory proved significant as objective income did not affect happiness, whereas subjective income did. Health, which is subjective did not affect happiness as well. Hence, it recommended that individuals must not measure their income subjectively as it would lower their happiness, it must instead be determined objectively.
Cost-Effectiveness of the National Diabetes Prevention Program: A Real-World, 2-Year Prospective Study
Authors: Kuo Shihchen , Ye Wen , Wang Di , McEwen Laura N. , Villatoro Santos Claudia , Herman William H.
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

We evaluated the real-world cost-effectiveness of the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) for people with prediabetes in a large workforce with employer-sponsored health insurance.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We performed difference-in-differences analyses using individual-level health insurance claims and survey data for 5,948 adults with prediabetes who enrolled (n = 575) or did not enroll (n = 5,373) in the NDPP to assess NDPP’s effects on health economic outcomes. We assessed direct medical costs for the year before the NDPP enrollment/index date and for 2 years thereafter; EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) utility scores at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years; and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) over 2 years. We used propensity score weighting to adjust for potential bias due to self-selection for enrollment, multiple imputation to handle missing data, and bootstrapping to produce CIs. We adopted a health care sector perspective and discounted costs and QALYs at 3% annually. Costs were expressed in 2020 U.S. dollars.

RESULTS

Compared with nonenrollees, each NDPP enrollee had an average reduction of $4,552 (95% CI −13,231, 2,014) in 2-year total direct medical costs. Cost savings were primarily related to hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and emergency room visits. Compared with nonenrollees, each enrollee had no difference in EQ-5D-5L utility scores at 2 years or QALYs gained over 2 years. The uncertainty analyses found that enrollment in the NDPP had an 88% probability of saving money and 84% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000/QALY-gained over 2 years.

CONCLUSIONS

In this real-world population with prediabetes, enrollment in the NDPP was likely to provide cost savings.
Commentary on: A European Consensus on the Consistent Use of the Term “Keratinocyte Cancer”: Keratinocyte Cancer (KC) or Keratinocyte Skin Cancer (KSC) – Does the “S” Matter?
Authors: Seretis Konstantinos , Gaitanis Georgios , Bassukas Ioannis D.
Published: November 2024

Abstract is missing (Commentary)
O AUMENTO DA URBANIZAÇÃO E OS IMPACTOS NA MOBILIDADE URBANA E NO MEIO AMBIENTE NA CIDADE DE NITERÓI- RJ - DE 1990 ATÉ O PRESENTE
Authors: Ribeiro Leonardo Coelho , Büttenbender Pedro Luís
Published: November 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo descrever a expansão urbana e o desenvolvimento e crescimento populacional que ocorreu desde os anos noventa até os dias atuais, relatando as consequências desse crescimento e seus impactos na questão da mobilidade urbana e os reflexos gerados no meio ambiente. São citados projetos existentes e outros realizados para a melhoria no trânsito de veículos e pedestres, e na proteção do meio ambiente, de forma reparadora, uma vez que houve um crescimento considerável e mudanças em muitas áreas da cidade, com um crescimento de construção de moradias, que geraram novos problemas no município. A pesquisa, quanto a metodologia, caracteriza-se como pesquisa de estudo de caso, descritiva e aplicacada quantos aos objetivos. Na abordagem como qualitativa e os procedimentos de coleta como bibliográfica e documental. Teve como resultado a constatação de que o aumento da urbanização e populacional no município de Niterói mostrou ser gerador de diversos problemas estruturais que precisarão ser sanados para que a cidade possa atrair pessoas e maiores investimentos, sem comprometer as gerações futuras, por meio de obras, mudanças e projetos de políticas públicas para reparar os problemas existentes, melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas, e proporcionar a sustentabilidade socio ambiental da sociedade niteroiense.
ASSISTÊNCIA FARMACÊUTICA AOS PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE GOIÂNIA - GOIÁS
Authors: Borges Júlia Magalhães Lopes , Freitas Robson Emiliano José de , Freitas Jaqueline Gleice Aparecida de
Published: November 2024

Assistência farmacêutica é um componente da política de medicamentos, essencial no sistema de saúde, sendo prioritária sua organização e estruturação, nos diversos níveis de atenção à saúde, com ênfase no setor público, visando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com diabetes mellitus. O objetivo do presente estudo foi relatar os medicamentos e insumos disponíveis gratuitamente aos pacientes diabéticos através da assistência farmacêutica no município de Goiânia – Goiás. Para a realização desse trabalho foi realizada uma pesquisa de artigos cientificos nas bases de dados da Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde, Literatura Latino- Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, United States National Library of Medicine, Biblioteca Cochrane, Índice Bibliográfico Espanhol de Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online documentos oficiais da Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes, Secretaria Estadual de Saude de Goiás, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Goiânia. O resultado do estudo sugere que a lista de medicamentos e insumos disponíveis gratuitamente aos pacientes diabéticos no município de Goiânia ainda estão desatualizadas, além disso cabe nesse cenário ressaltar a estrutura precária das farmácias públicas, ausência de medicamentos e falta de adesão dos prescritores à lista de medicamentos municipais. Por isso, reforça a necessidade da atualização da lista de medicamentos essenciais para atender a necessidade da população.
FORMANDO MÉDICOS PARA O FUTURO: A PRECEPTORIA E OS SEUS DESAFIOS
Authors: Tonso André Felipe Guerle , Fernandes Cristiana Carvalho
Published: November 2024

Formar médicos para o futuro é um desafio que começa na preceptoria, especialmente na Atenção Primária à Saúde, onde as metodologias ativas. Este estudo analisou como a preceptoria pode ser transformadora na formação médica e revelou lacunas teóricas sobre a influência das políticas públicas nesse contexto. O objetivo foi identificar os principais obstáculos enfrentados pelos preceptores e explorar como políticas podem fortalecer o ensino médico, especialmente em áreas urbanas. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa e um estudo bibliométrico, com 21 artigos selecionados a partir de 88 iniciais. Os resultados indicam que, embora os preceptores reconheçam a eficácia das metodologias ativas para o desenvolvimento de competências clínicas e a integração ensino-serviço-comunidade, a falta de processos formativos e o suporte institucional insuficiente são barreiras persistentes. O estudo bibliométrico revelou um pico de publicações em 2018, mas também destacou a fragmentação das redes de coautoria, indicando a necessidade de maior cooperação para fortalecer o campo. Sendo assim, conclui-se que o futuro da formação médica depende de políticas públicas adaptadas às demandas da APS, com foco na capacitação dos preceptores e na criação de ambientes de ensino mais integrados. Estratégias de formação, incentivos institucionais e fóruns de discussão são essenciais para transformar a preceptoria em um agente de mudança na formação médica.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO PERFIL DE VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER DO MUNICÍPIO DE MACEIÓ - ALAGOAS, NO PERÍODO DE 2013 A 2024
Authors: Barbosa Rosimeire Machado , Rocha Ivani Maria da Silva Avelino , Ramos Patrícia Fernanda Almeida , Coutinho Larissa Maria Calheiros , Bispo Bruna Freitas Monte
Published: November 2024

A violência contra a mulher ganhou maior visibilidade política e social nos últimos anos em razão da gravidade e da seriedade das situações de violência sofridas pelas mulheres. Considerando que os profissionais da atenção primária podem conhecer a realidade de violência vivenciada pelas mulheres, busca-se responder se as equipes de saúde têm adotado estratégias para o seu enfrentamento e assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é conhecer o perfil das mulheres vítimas de violência no município de Maceió e propor ações de prevenção. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, descritivo exploratório, de série histórica no período de 2013 a 2022, com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação – SINAN, disponíveis no sitio do DATASUS/MS. Foram notificados 8.421 casos de violência contra mulheres, em todas as faixas etárias, com maior incidência de 20 a 29 anos, 26,3%, raça/cor predominante parda, 45,9%, cerca de 20% apresentam ensino fundamental. Metade das violências notificadas ocorre nos domicílios, 50,5%, em primeiro lugar violência física, 48,1%, seguida da violência sexual 22,0%, onde a força corporal/espancamento foi o meio utilizado em 34,6% dos casos e 38% dos agressores são conhecidos da vítima. Fica evidente a fragilidade dos dados e o despreparo dos profissionais para o enfrentamento da violência. Necessário realizar capacitações, implantar estratégias de prevenção e propor o funcionamento da rede de atendimento junto dos setores que atuam nessa temática, como forma de viabilizar um debate sólido quanto aos rumos das políticas públicas de proteção às mulheres em situação de violência doméstica e familiar.
ONU E DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Silva Mateus Magalhães da , Silva Elisabeth Maria de Mendonça , Santana Isael José
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho analisa brevemente a efetividade da ONU e dos direitos humanos como um ideal universal versus uma utopia inalcançável. Destaca a importância da educação em direitos humanos. Inicialmente, contextualiza-se a criação da ONU após a Segunda Guerra Mundial e ressalta seu compromisso com a promoção da paz e o reconhecimento da dignidade humana. Apesar da adesão praticamente universal à DUDH, a história mostra que a ratificação de tratados internacionais não garante a aplicação efetiva dos direitos humanos na sociedade. Nesse sentido, a educação em direitos humanos surge como uma ferramenta essencial para transformar princípios em ações concretas, promovendo uma cultura de respeito, paz e justiça social. Isso ocorreu por meio de revisão bibliográfica em principais plataformas de: periódicos; artigos científicos; teses; dissertações; e monografias. A análise enfatiza a importância de políticas públicas e ações educativas que abranjam todos os níveis de ensino e alcancem diversos setores da sociedade. Ao longo do texto, são discutidas as contribuições de diversos autores e referências, destacando-se a necessidade de um compromisso coletivo na promoção e defesa dos direitos humanos. Assim, conclui-se que, embora desafiador, o ideal dos direitos humanos não é uma utopia inalcançável, mas sim uma jornada contínua que demanda esforço, coragem e generosidade de todos os envolvidos.