bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What can we collectively learn from the research on student learning?
Authors: McAlpine Lynn
Published: September 2024

As instructors in higher education, we are responsible for student learning whether in undergraduate, master's or PhD programs. The extent to which we are successful in this responsibility depends on our ability to design and enact effective instruction. This paper draws on research about learning, particularly the notion of significant learning, as well as a research-based model for designing instruction to propose a range of ways to ensure students actively engage in embedding the knowledge we hope they will.
De-radicalization through Social Media: Social Media Literacy in Countering Terrorism in Indonesia
Authors: Syamsurrijal M , Nurmandi Achmad , Jubba Hasse , Hidayati Mega , Hariyanto Bambang
Published: September 2024

In Indonesia, the rise of radicalism in the digital age has facilitated the spread of radical movements, particularly across social media networks. Radicalism has manifested in physical violence, often resulting in significant human casualties. This research investigates how internet media influences public literacy in countering terrorism in Indonesia. This study uses discourse analysis to examine secondary data from social media content on Twitter, Instagram, and online news sources concerning counter-radicalism and anti-terrorism efforts. These data sources are selected based on the premise that Internet media is a primary communication tool for disseminating public discourse. Additionally, the National Counter Terrorism Agency (NCTA), as a governmental body, plays a critical role in combating terrorism in Indonesia. The findings reveal that social media effectively enhances public literacy on radicalism and terrorism. Moreover, NCTA's initiatives have successfully mobilised community engagement against terrorism and radicalism in the public sphere. This research demonstrates that NCTA can significantly advance de-radicalisation efforts through the strategic use of internet media. NCTA's socialisation and de-radicalisation programs serve as crucial preventive measures against terrorism in Indonesia.
Javanese Culture and Its Actualisation within Christian Faith: Study in the Gereja Kristen Jawi Wetan
Authors: Imaniyyah Khalishah , Prameswari Tasya Azheda Arni , Zahra Tatu Azizatu , Adibah Nisrina Fatin , Maulana Abdullah Muslich Rizal
Published: September 2024

In the East Java region, a Christian sect known as the Gereja Kristen Jawi Wetan exists. This particular sect incorporates Javanese cultural traditions into its worship rites. However, most religious communities believe they should not merge between culture and spiritual activities, as they consider them distinct and separate components. In this study, the researcher aims to accurately comprehend the significance of Javanese culture in executing worship rituals by the Gereja Kristen Jawi Wetan congregation. Integrating Javanese culture into these rituals is believed to enhance the congregation's faith. This study employs a qualitative-anthropological methodology to address the research inquiry by examining objects that have served as conduits to the supernatural, stemming from established societal practices. The researcher gathered data by employing interview procedures with multiple congregations and pastors and through direct observation. This interview ensured that the gained data aligned with the researcher's theory regarding the potential growth in faith resulting from the merger with Javanese culture. This study demonstrates the compatibility and integration of Christianity and Javanese culture without any discernible division. Conversely, the establishment of the Gereja Kristen Jawi Wetan provides a refuge for Javanese individuals who wish to maintain their cultural practices during religious ceremonies. This research inferred that the Gereja Kristen Jawi Wetan utilises Javanese culture to transmit religious values to the congregation. This strategy ensures that the adherents accept and absorb the teaching easily, enhancing the congregation's faith. Importantly, this spiritual practice recognises the cultural traditions deeply ingrained within the congregation.
Epistemology of Pundhen Telaga Sarangan: A Study of Sacred Rites as Cultural Identity in Magetan, Indonesia
Authors: Setiyani Wiwik , Nurhairunnisa Nurhairunnisa , Holilah Holilah
Published: September 2024

This qualitative research tried to look at the origin of Pundhen Telaga Serangan as the epistemology of Islamic studies and the systematic transformation process of local tradition into cultural identity. Pundhen, in Javanese philosophy, has sacred meaning and magical power. Indonesians have a unique way of honouring and respecting their history. One of them is by performing rituals. Ancestors carried out the oldest practice for generations, and it became a custom. This paper uses qualitative methods, where the data collection techniques include interviews, documentation, and data qualification. Moreover, the Sarangan community in Magetan Regency is the object of this study because they have experienced cultural transformation. J.G. Frazer and E.B. Taylor's animistic and magic theory become analytical tools in seeing the extent of the meaning of Pundhen ontologically and epistemologically. Furthermore, Rudolf Bultmann's hermeneutical approach will serve as a valuable addition to the comprehensive analysis of this research. The results section of this research paper shows that Pundhen Telaga Sarangan is a symbol of spirituality. It is a sacred place for the locals to establish interpersonal relationships with God, ancestors, and spirits (the others).
Digital Counter-Radicalism: The Strategic Role of Religious Organisations in Shaping Moderate Islam in Indonesia’s Cyber Realm
Authors: Kuswana Dadang
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study investigates the digital strategies employed by Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah, two of Indonesia's largest moderate Islamic organisations, in countering radicalism on social media. The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies in reaching and influencing the younger generation, particularly in the context of growing radical content online. Methodology:
A qualitative approach was utilised, involving direct observation of social media content, in-depth interviews with key figures from NU and Muhammadiyah, and a review of relevant literature. The study also included interviews with Generation Z students to gauge their responses to the digital strategies of these organisations. Findings: The study found that NU's innovative approach, particularly through creative social media campaigns like "Merah Putih vs. Radikalisme" on YouTube, has been more effective in capturing broad public attention and reinforcing moderate Islamic narratives. In contrast, Muhammadiyah's more relaxed approach, while meaningful, has not achieved the same level of impact among younger audiences. However, Muhammadiyah's digital applications like SalamMu and Edumu contribute significantly to promoting moderate Islam and countering radical influences. Research Implications: The findings underscore the importance of continuous innovation in digital strategies for religious organisations to maintain relevance and effectiveness in combating radicalism. The study suggests that both NU and Muhammadiyah need to refine their approaches further to better engage with the younger generation, who are more susceptible to radical ideologies online. Originality/Value:
This research contributes to the understanding of the intersection between religion and digital technology in a predominantly Muslim society. It provides unique insights into how moderate Islamic organisations can leverage social media to counter radicalism and foster a culture of tolerance and inclusivity in the digital age. The study also highlights the potential and limitations of current strategies, offering a foundation for future research and policy development in digital counter-radicalism efforts.
The Extended Life Course in Ancient Athens
Authors: Gooch Emma
Published: September 2024

Extended life course theory proposes that identities do not have to be embodied, meaning that the as-yet-unborn and the dead can have identities and personhood. Children are an apt case study for exploring whether societies envision identity extending beyond embodied existence, because non-adults exist towards the beginning of the life course and should they die before adulthood they have some predictable transformations outstanding. Literary sources indicate ancient Athenian ontology acknowledged extended life courses that deviated from embodied ones. Literary sources, burials, gravestones and painted pottery demonstrate juveniles existed both before birth and after death, and could retain prolonged identities following the latter. More rarely, their identities could be projected, moving juveniles further along the normative life course than they had corporeally experienced. This article argues that a social impetus for projecting identity in ancient Athens was acknowledging exceptional lost potential.
Culture as Nature
Authors: Kotsonas Antonis
Published: September 2024

Metaphors are widely employed in academia and beyond to render complex concepts more accessible. This paper investigates the use of metaphors drawn from nature to approach culture and culture contact in the ancient Mediterranean, focusing on examples evoking the three fundamental states of matter: solid, liquid and gas. Although the Mediterranean is celebrated as ‘the mother of all metaphors’, this has not attracted any systematic analysis, nor has it been problematized. States of matter metaphors are widely used in the study of Mediterranean antiquity and can be shown to be more than figures of speech or heuristics; they convey particular modes of conceptualizing culture which depend on a range of empirical and theoretical approaches developed across the humanities and social sciences, including some that are outdated and that fail to capture the complexity of culture. My critical examination of such metaphorical thinking covers a heterogenous body of material that has become interwoven through selective and messy exchanges of ideas across different disciplines and between disciplines and popular culture. In such exchanges, the pedigree and conceptual load of associated terms is often forgotten or neglected. My aim is to identify the main threads and investigate how shifts in the use of states of matter metaphors for Mediterranean culture and culture contact relate to broader shifts in approaches to the topic. The exercise reveals how states of matter metaphors are also applied to different phases of the historiography of the ancient Mediterranean, as well as to the periodization of modernity. Liquid metaphors are found to predominate, solid ones are often employed only to be dismissed and gaseous ones are rarely attested. In some cases, the shift from one set of metaphors to another can be shown to relate to broader changes in theoretical approaches.
Tracker-less Sunlight Collection Apparatus, using an Array of Optical Cones
Authors:   Electrical Engineering department, Shenkar College of Engineering and Design, Israel, Weissman Zeev , Guttman Matan ,   Electrical Engineering department, Shenkar College of Engineering and Design, Israel, Pluber Dean ,   Electrical Engineering department, Shenkar College of Engineering and Design, Israel
Published: September 2024

The paper describes an array of optical cones as a potential configuration for tracker-less daylighting, without using an electro-mechanical tracker. Subsequently, a single optical cone is analyzed, mainly in terms of sunlight collection efficiency and acceptance angle, as a function of the cone's geometrical dimensions. The cones were fabricated and illuminated, with the results compared with those of the theoretical analysis. We then consider the feasibility of a cone array as a sunlight collector, for low light intensity daylighting applications, particularly in the context of indoor plant growing.
O NOVO LUXO NA ATUALIDADE E O ENGAJAMENTO DAS MELHORES MARCAS GLOBAIS DO MERCADO DA MODA NA INTERNET
Authors: Fontes Claudio Luiz Ariani , Lodi Marluce Dantas de Freitas
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Este estudo analisa a presença online de marcas globais de moda à luz do novo luxo. Identificando resistências tradicionais à integração digital, destaca-se que seis das nove marcas pesquisadas adotam estratégias condizentes com o novo luxo, enfatizando interação, diálogo e venda de produtos premium no mercado brasileiro. Observa-se um compromisso crescente com a sustentabilidade, especialmente nas marcas Louis Vuitton e Dior, que incorporam ações ambientais e sociais em suas plataformas online. A análise de redes sociais (ARS) revela a interconexão entre os conceitos de luxo e sustentabilidade. Limitações incluem a amostragem restrita a marcas de moda e a falta de pesquisa sobre a exclusividade nas plataformas digitais. O estudo destaca a importância da compreensão aprofundada do engajamento das marcas de luxo na internet para orientar estratégias de marketing digital na pós-modernidade.
Glycosaminoglycan Adenogenesis Factors: Immunohistochemical Expression in Endometriosis Tissues Compared with the Endometrium
Authors: Signorile Pietro Giulio , Baldi Alfonso , Viceconte Rosa , Carraturo Emma , Boccellino Mariarosaria , Fordellone Mario , Montella Marco
Published: September 2024

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory pathology estrogen-dependent. It is a condition affecting 5%-10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. Recent evidence indicating an embryological origin of endometriosis has provided new insights into its pathogenesis and potential therapeutic approaches. In this study, we compared the immunohistochemical expression of extracellular matrix molecules involved in the interaction between epithelium and stroma in endometriotic lesions and normal endometrial tissue. A total of 41 cases were analyzed. We examined the immunohistochemical expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), keratan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate (CS-56), hyaluronic acid, and heparan sulfate (HEP). Our results showed higher expression of CSPG4 and CS-56 in epithelial endometriosis samples compared with normal endometrial tissue, while HEP, keratan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid showed decreased expression in epithelial endometriosis samples relative to normal endometrial tissue. Additionally, endometriotic stroma exhibited more frequent low intensity of hyaluronic acid and HEP compared with normal endometrial stroma. Investigating the levels of these molecules in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues enables the identification of potential therapeutic targets, and the development of novel treatments aimed at disrupting the adhesive and invasive properties of endometriotic lesions.
A Case Series of Concomitant Falls and COVID-19 Infection Among Older Adults
Authors: Zayat Marisa-Nicole , Griend Micah Vander , Flesher Nathan , Lightwine Kelly , Okut Hayrettin , Ablah Elizabeth , Haan James M
Published: September 2024

Introduction.  Few studies have examined the hospital course and patient outcomes among elderly trauma patients with COVID-19 and traumatic fall-related injuries. This study aimed to describe patient characteristics and hospital outcomes for older adults who sustained fall-related injuries and were concurrently infected with COVID-19.
Methods. A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients 65 years or older admitted to a level 1 trauma center between March 3, 2020 and March 3, 2021 with fall-related injuries.
Results. Of the 807 patients who presented for fall-related injuries during the study timeframe, 16% (n=128) were tested for COVID-19, with 17% (n=22) testing positive. One patient was excluded, resulting in 21 patients included for analysis. Common presenting comorbidities were hypertension (86%, n=18), dyslipidemia (57%, n=12), or diabetes (43%, n=9). On admission, 62% (n=13) of patients had respiratory symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, and hypoxemia. Approximately one-fourth (n=5) of patients were asymptomatic for COVID-19 on presentation. Most overall complications included unplanned intensive care unit or operating room visits (29%, n=6). COVID-19-related complications included acute hypoxic respiratory failure (67%, n=14) and pneumonia (43%, n=9). Nineteen percent of patients (n=4) patients died in hospital.
Conclusions. Study findings suggest that elderly fall patients admitted with COVID-19 experienced a high frequency of complications and in-hospital mortality. Therefore, it is important to recognize COVID-19 as a severe and potentially lethal comorbidity among older adults who experience fall-related injuries.
The effectiveness of virtual journal clubs on evidence-based practices application
Authors: Elenko Beth
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION: This study examines the effectiveness of a virtual journal club (VJC) in enhancing students' understanding of evidence-based practice (EBP) and its application in occupational therapy (OT). Entry-level Master of Science (MS) and clinical Occupational Therapy Doctorate (OTD) students participated in a VJC over two semesters. The objective of the VJC is to foster group discussions in a non-threatening environment, preparing students for their future fieldwork and articulating evidence-based interventions in practice. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of this VJC on the understanding and application of evidence-based practice. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty-four entry-level MS and OTD students voluntarily took part in this study, completing pre- and post-tests using the OT-KACE survey. The OT-KACE is adapted from the Evidence Based Practice (EVP) Knowledge, Attitudes, Access, and Confidence Evaluation (KACE) developed by William Hendricson, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. All students participated in the VJC as part of their research course sequence. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Significant improvements in understanding EBP were observed from pre to post OT-KACE assessments. EBP integration is a cornerstone of entry-level healthcare curricula. Engaging students in VJCs provides them with opportunities to explore and apply learned skills independently and collaboratively, aligning with contemporary learning preferences.
Структура собственности в здании: история, действующее законодательство и возможности его реформирования
Authors: Алексеев Вадим
Published: September 2024

Первая часть статьи посвящена анализу истории развития правового регулирования структуры собственности в зданиях и сооружениях, разделенных на оборотоспособные объекты. Констатируется, что в России исторически сложилась концепция юридической делимости здания (сооружения) на оборотоспособные объекты, в качестве которых выступают помещения (жилые и нежилые), а также машино-места. Рассматривается действующая концепция, устанавливается ее соотношение с теоретически обоснованным признанием здания (сооружения) неделимой недвижимой вещью. Делается вывод, что теоретически безупречная концепция неделимости здания на помещения находится в противоречии с правовым регулированием, допускающим оборот помещений и машино-мест. При этом делимость здания представляет собой юридическую фикцию, что влечет признание помещений и машино-мест юридическими фикциями недвижимых вещей. Обращаясь к последним изменениям норм Гражданского кодекса о недвижимости, автор констатирует установление в § 2 главы 16 и ст. 287.5 единого регулирования структуры собственности в любом здании (сооружении), но приходит к выводу, что отказаться от применения по аналогии некоторых норм о правовом режиме многоквартирных домов к другим объектам, разделенным на помещения, вряд ли получится. Анализируются признаки «делимого здания», которые по новому законодательству выступают в качестве основания применения к общему имуществу особого режима долевой собственности (§ 2 главы 16 Кодекса). Сделан вывод, что для признания здания (сооружения) делимым достаточно, чтобы оно в силу конструктивных особенностей и назначения могло быть на основании действующих правил учета разделено не менее чем на две оборотоспособные части, представляющие собой помещения и (или) машино-места. Отмечая кризис развития законодательства в области структуры собственности в зданиях (сооружениях), автор предлагает вернуться к возможности рассмотрения зданий и сооружений в качестве неделимых объектов недвижимости и приводит аргументацию, обосновывающую целесообразность такого решения.
Иерархия норм международного права при их применении и в нормотворческом процессе
Authors: Ромашев Юрий
Published: September 2024

В практике государств важное значение имеет правильное применение норм международного права, от которого напрямую зависит действенность правового регулирования. Довольно часто при этом не в полной мере учитываются важность тех или иных норм, их иерархия в международно-правовой системе, методология данного вопроса. Практическая значимость оценки иерархии норм заключается в ответе на вопрос — какая норма в данной ситуации применима или должна быть применима? В рамках международного нормотворчества необходимость учета иерархии норм состоит в предотвращении появления будущих правовых коллизий. В настоящей работе с позиции диалектического подхода, использования общенаучных и специальных юридических методов исследования рассмотрены основные подходы к учету иерархии норм международного права при их применении и нормотворческом процессе. В работе показаны особенности, присущие различным видам норм международного права, которые могут быть положены в основу оценки. Особое внимание уделено оценке иерархии норм при возникновении коллизий между ними, исследованы причины их появления. Показаны методы разрешения коллизий, используемый при этом правовой инструментарий. Обращено внимание на важность оценки иерархии норм международного права во взаимосвязи с оценкой иерархии однородных и разнородных источников, содержащих такие нормы. В работе содержится алгоритм учета иерархии норм международного права при их применении. Рассмотрены случаи, когда разрешить коллизии невозможно и какие основные действия нужно предпринимать в таких ситуациях. Раскрыты пути противодействия появлению потенциальных коллизий норм международного права. Показана трудность ситуации, связанная с фрагментацией международного права и возрастанием количества норм, содержащих коллизии, их разнообразием, что существенно осложняет правоприменение, выбор оптимального решения. Указано, что решение такой объемной и многоплановой проблемы требует высококачественной аналитической работы с привлечением современных технологий, в том числе связанных с искусственным интеллектом.
Processing wastewater samples for bacterial & viral targets enrichment v1
Authors: Mabasa Victor
Published: September 2024

This wastewater sample processing protocol by the Wastewater Genomics Syndicate at the National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) is designed to enrich bacteria and viruses from the settled solids and supernatant components of wastewater, as different pathogens partition differently within this matrix. The end products are waterless solids and clarified wastewater supernatants, ready for downstream applications such as ultrafiltration, bead enrichment and nucleic acid extraction.
Data-driven operational pressure estimation for hydraulic actuators fed by fixed displacement pump with variable speed
Authors: Kosucki Andrzej , Szczepaniak Marta , Skowrońska Justyna , Grzejszczyk Paweł , Stawiński Łukasz
Published: September 2024

The paper provides the estimation method of the pressure level in the hydraulic drive with actuator fed by variable speed fixed displacement pump (VSFD). The experimental tests were conducted using a typical speed shape in working cycle of the exemplary machine as is the hydraulic indirect elevator. The different piston rod loads and speeds were applied to measure the wide range of pressure values. Obtained data allowed to determine the two-variable estimation functions describing the cylinder inlet pressure values.
Pressure mapping quality factors, as the measures of estimation inaccuracy, were introduced. The pressure estimation methods provided satisfactory results in whole range of data. The developed methods allow to support for rapid estimation of operational pressures for hydraulic drives with VSFD pumps, thereby improving the reliability and safety of these systems. Obtained factors can be used in modelling the hydraulic systems and simulations. Further analysis can provide the information for the manufacturers to optimize the hydraulic element sizes.
Scalable Network-on-Chip Designs for High-Performance Computing Systems their Trends and Challenges
Authors:   Alnoor University, Najem Nora Rashid , Muttashar Rusul Abdulridha ,   Al Mansour University College, Abed Jameei Kadhim ,   Al Hikma University College, Hameed Wafaa Mustafa ,   Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Baban Omar ,   Al-Turath University
Published: September 2024

Background: The rapid rise of high-performance computing (HPC) systems needs effective data transfer frameworks to accommodate rising computational loads. Network-on-Chip (NoC) designs have evolved as a scalable answer to these needs, replacing traditional bus-based and point-to-point communication techniques in multicore CPUs. Objective: The article's aim is to assess the most recent trends and problems in NoC design, emphasizing scalability and performance optimization in HPC systems. The primary goal is to discover ways to increase data throughput and reduce latency in large multicore settings. Methods: We thoroughly analyzed recent advances in NoC designs, examining alternative design techniques and their effects on performance measures. Simulation models were created to examine the efficacy of various NoC topologies and routing algorithms under different workload scenarios. Results: The findings show that adaptive routing and mesh topologies significantly increase scalability and efficiency. Furthermore, incorporating machine learning approaches into dynamic routing decision-making has shown promise in improving NoC systems' flexibility. Conclusion: Scalable NoC architectures are critical for the next generation of HPC systems. The complexity of future computing demands, ongoing research must focus on novel routing algorithms and topology optimization. These improvements are critical for ensuring sophisticated multicore processors' continued growth and functioning in high-performance applications.
Development and Applications of a Microcontroller-Based Logic Tester for Integrated Circuits in the
Authors:   Университет Аль-Китаб, Мохаммед Али Али Сабер , Шакор Пштиван ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Калам, Абдулла Салам Халаф ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Нухба, Мохаммед Марван Азиз ,   Университет знаний, инженерный колледж, Аббас Саад Джаббар ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Рафидаин, Салман Хайдер Махмуд ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Турат, Мохаммед Мохаммед Абдулкрим ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Нур, Калматов Романбек К. ,   Ошский государственный университет
Published: September 2024

Разработан логический тестер на базе микроконтроллера, специально адаптированный для большинства интегральных схем (ИС) логических элементов серии 74xx и использующий ATmega328. Воспроизведены атрибуты логического элемента ИС с использованием таблицы истинности, что позволяет определить состояние элементов ИС. Исследовано несколько методов проектирования, выбран единый подход к реализации. Модули разрабатывались независимо. После обширных испытаний и успешного моделирования эти компоненты были объединены для завершения проекта. Разработанный тестер микросхем является экономичным и удобным в использовании; он быстро исследует микросхемы и представляет результаты для оценки их функционирования. Тестер сравнивает выходные данные каждого вентиля с таблицей истинности. Результаты как для рабочих, так и для неисправных микросхем отображаются на ЖК-дисплее. Результатом проекта является создание цифрового тестера микросхем, который упрощает процесс проверки микросхем и функционирует как надежный инструмент в промышленных условиях.
Nanophotonic Devices for Radio Over Fiber (RoF) Technologies in Telecommunications Networks
Authors:   Университет Аль-Китаб, Шукур Ханан Махмуд , Джалал Сирван Карим ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Калама, Сааб Махер Валид ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Нухбы, Хасан Шармин Иззат ,   Университет знаний, Инженерный колледж, Наамо Гно Газван Салим ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Рафидаин, Ахмед Саиф Саад ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Турат, Мустафа Салама Идрис ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Нур, Пирматов Абдыманап Зияидинович ,   Ошский государственный университет
Published: September 2024

Исследуются способности нанофотонных устройств повышать производительность систем Radio Over Fiber (RoF) в телекоммуникационных сетях. Основное внимание уделяется оценке энергоэффективности системы, пропускной способности и задержек, вызванных этими устройствами. С помощью экспериментальных и вычислительных методов оценена эффективность систем RoF, объединяющих различные нанофотонные устройства, включая модуляторы, фотонные кристаллы и нанолазеры. Проведены количественная оценка и изучение основных показателей производительности, таких как уменьшение задержек, минимизация энергопотребления и увеличение пропускной способности. Интеграция нанофотонных устройств в системы RoF привела к значительным улучшениям, включая существенное увеличение пропускной способности, уменьшение задержки и повышение энергоэффективности. Вышеописанный прогресс можно объяснить улучшенными возможностями модуляции и обработки сигналов нанофотонных устройств. Нанофотонные устройства предлагают практическую альтернативу текущим ограничениям технологии RoF в телекоммуникационных сетях. Интеграция этих компонентов в системы RoF значительно повышает производительность сети, что делает ее перспективным путем для развития телекоммуникационной инфраструктуры. В дальнейших исследованиях предполагается изучить практичность включения этих устройств в реальные сети и убедиться в их масштабируемости.
Next-Generation FPGA Architectures Through Balancing Performance, Flexibility, and Power Consumption
Authors:   Университет Аль-Нур, Шакир Мохаммед Ахмед , Нури Набаа Ахмед ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Мансура, Салих Саджа Абдулфаттах ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Хикма, Яхья Салам Хусейн ,   Университет Джихан, Абеда Махер ,   Университет Аль-Турат
Published: September 2024

Исследовано развитие архитектур программируемых пользователем вентильных матриц (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) последнего поколения, которые достигают идеального баланса между производительностью, адаптивностью и энергопотреблением. Представлена структура, которая поможет сделать стратегический выбор, влияющий на проектирование FPGA, и создать устойчивые и эффективные вычислительные решения. Использована методология сравнительного анализа для исследования нескольких архитектур FPGA, чтобы выявить основные параметры, влияющие на производительность и энергопотребление. Исследование сочетает в себе моделирование и сценарии реальных испытаний для оценки влияния различных методов проектирования на эксплуатационную эффективность FPGA. Показано, что включение методов адаптивной маршрутизации и гетерогенной интеграции значительно повышает производительность при одновременном снижении энергопотребления. Передовые подходы к управлению мощностью и динамическое масштабирование частоты стали необходимыми для снижения энергопотребления при сохранении гибкости, обеспечиваемой обычными FPGA. Показано, что за счет стратегического включения компонентов адаптивного проектирования и подходов к управлению питанием конструкции FPGA следующего поколения могут достичь гармоничного баланса между производительностью, адаптивностью и энергопотреблением.
Comparative characteristic of clothing and human body simulator gunshot damage after firing with 12-gauge cartridges loaded with expanding and non-expanding slug
Authors: Pinchuk Pavel V. , Leonov Sergey V. , Khodulapov Andrey V. , Likhachev Artem S.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: The study of gunshot damage after firing with 12-gauge cartridges loaded with expanding slugs is interesting, because it has been undescribed in the modern forensic literature.
AIM: To study clothing and the human body simulator experimental gunshot damage after firing with 12-gauge cartridges loaded with expanding and non-expanding slugs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Visual and metric methods were used. The process of slug penetration to target was recorded with a high-speed Phantom VEO video camera 710S, with a Zeiss Milvus 1.4/35 lens. Video shooting at a frequency of 24,000 frames per second was conducted.
RESULTS: Clothing and the human body simulators experimental gunshot injuries after firing with 12-gauge cartridges loaded with expanding and non-expanding slugs was analyzed. The main differences of the gunshot damage morphological features were determined by slug terminal ballistics.
CONCLUSION: The experimental study results can be used for forensic identification of structurally similar slugs of 12-gaude cartridges UNO 35 and UNO 35E by the morphological features of the biological tissues and clothing gunshot damage.
Morphological features of hemorrhages in the soft tissues of intercostal spaces in rib fractures
Authors: Frolova Olga O. , Maksimov Aleksandr V. , Lysenko Oleg V.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Practical observations show peculiarities of hemorrhages in rib fractures: immature cellular forms are often found in the cellular infiltrate. In nonobvious conditions and when it is crucial to determine the duration, such a polymorphic cellular infiltrate can be mistakenly considered as the result of a post-traumatic inflammatory reaction, affecting the assessment of the duration of the injury.
AIM: To study the composition of the cellular infiltrate in hemorrhages in rib fractures, taking into account their morphological features in cases of various causes of death at different periods after injury.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of cases and an analysis of personal observations of deaths of individuals of different age and sex groups with different causes of death, but with anamnestic data of chest injuries, and of cases of isolated chest injury, aimed at forensic histological examination, were performed. The study sample was divided into main study groups according to established time intervals based on anamnestic data of brief circumstances of the case indicated in the referral documents (“those who died at the scene,” “chest injuries as a result of resuscitation measures,” “victims who lived up to 6 hours,” “victims who lived up to 12 hours,” and “victims who lived up to 24 hours”). The forensic (histological) examinations of deceased individuals with fractured pelvic bones and fractured skull bones and examinations of those with hemorrhages in soft tissues with stab wounds of the chest were compared. Additionally, the comparison sample included deaths of people of both sexes, and different age groups and with various causes of death in different periods after injury. From this sample, subgroups similar to those in the main study were formed for comparison.
RESULTS: Analysis showed that in most victims who died at the scene of the incident, immature cellular forms were found in hemorrhages in the soft tissues of the intercostal space, which gradually decreased over time. Morphological study and analysis of hemorrhages into soft tissues showed no immature cellular forms in traumatic hemorrhages of other locations in all comparison groups.
CONCLUSION: Notably, immature cellular forms in the polymorphic cellular infiltrate and hemorrhages in soft tissues from the intercostal space are not a reactive post-traumatic process and cannot be used to estimate the time and duration (survivability) of the injury. Moreover, the preservation of immature cellular forms in the hemorrhage area has been found to change over time with their gradual decrease by 12 hours.
Thanatogenesis and forensic assessment of severe acute methadone poisoning
Authors: Batotsyrenov Chimit B. , Kuznetsov Semyon V. , Lodyagin Aleksei N. , Reinuk Vladimir L. , Molin Yuri A. , Litvincev Bogdan S. , Klimanov Dmitry V. , Kuznetsova Alexandra A. , Sinenchenko Andrey G. , Kirsanova Nadezhda A. , Ikhaev Khamzat S.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Modern scientific data show that only 1.1% die from methadone poisoning in medical institutions. Currently available forensic medical data about this nosology were produced from samples obtained from corpses of individuals who has not undergone any previous therapeutic and diagnostic procedure. The dynamics and role of metabolic disorders in the thanatogenesis of acute methadone poisoning and the forensic assessment of such cases have not been widely studied in forensic medicine.
AIM: To perform a forensic medical assessment of fatal cases of acute methadone poisoning in patients admitted to a multidisciplinary hospital and establish the role of metabolic disorders in the occurrence of death.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center, retrospective, sample, cohort study was conducted. Medical records and data from forensic medical reports were examined. All included observations with a positive determination of methadone were confirmed in the framework of lifetime chemical and toxicological studies and during postmortem forensic chemical studies of the biological environment of corpses. For the final interpretation of the results and evaluation of their statistical significance, the Pearson’s Chi-square (χ2) criterion was used.
RESULTS: A comparative analysis of clinical and forensic data from most cases revealed consistent causes of death established in vivo and posthumously. Moreover, the leading pathological process that led to death was a combination of pulmonary and cerebral edema. The variability in the causes of death in some cases was due to the background pathology determined by thanatogenesis. The life expectancy of patients was determined by the effectiveness of intensive therapy (ventilator, infusion therapy, vasopressor, inotropic support, correction of metabolic disorders) and characterized by background pathologies and duration of hospital stay.
CONCLUSION: A number of main and related conclusions of practical forensic and clinical interest were drawn from obtained data. Notably, in all cases, the fatal outcome of methadone poisoning was associated with metabolic disorders and severe hypoxia. Moreover, the use of antidote therapy with naloxone and wait-and-see techniques without respiratory support in the treatment of such patients is unreasonable.
Molecular signaling of key neurotrophic factors in the brain while the occurrence of affective disorders
Authors: Karabanov Sergey Yu. , Kibitkina Anastasiya A. , Vasilevskaya Ekaterina R. , Fedulova Liliya V.
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic and the increasingly tense political situation worldwide have led to an increase in the incidence of mood disorders. The occurrence of affective disorders is usually associated with neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine; however, modern trends aim at studying the involvement of neurotrophic factors in the mechanisms of mood disorders.
This review aimed to summarize and systematize knowledge about key neurotrophic factors and the molecular mechanisms of their relationships.
The key metabolic mechanisms of proteins such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, basic fibroblast growth factor-2, nerve growth factor, and glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor are considered. Molecular pathways were analyzed, and a complex diagram of a multiple cascade with interconnected reactions was compiled, including each factor. Key molecular targets chosen included nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells (NF-kB) and cAMP response element-binding protein. The review also presented candidates for the role of limiting factors for these molecular targets. For the NF-kB cascade, neurotrophin receptor p75(NTR) was proposed as a limiting factor, and those for the CREB cascade were intracellular phospholipase C (PLC-γ), binary molecular switches (RAS-GTP), and protein kinase B (AKT).
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Postcursors from the Base of the Hawaiian ULVZ
Authors: Jagt Lisanne , Martin Carl , Millet Florian , Russell Stuart , Cottaar Sanne
Published: September 2024

Ultra-low velocity zones (ULVZs) are anomalous regions on the core–mantle boundary. In the past decade, several ULVZs, and particularly the Hawaiian ULVZ, have been studied using postcursors to core-diffracted S waves (Sdiff), which constrain their shear-wave velocity reduction. Simultaneous observations of P-wave velocity would allow us to better constrain the origin of ULVZs. We present the first observations of core-diffracted P-wave (Pdiff) postcursors likely generated by the Hawaiian ULVZ, at much shorter periods (∼1 s) than those typically associated with Sdiff postcursors (10–20 s). We analyze Sdiff postcursors from previous studies in two different period ranges for comparison. The observed delay times can be explained by a P-wave velocity reduction of 20%–30%. If we assume that the Pdiff postcursor is caused by the presence of a very thin basal layer (with estimated VS reduction of ∼40%), δVP:δVS ranges from 1:1.3 to 1:2. Iron enrichment is able to explain this ratio, whereas partial melt cannot. We also observe an anomalously high slowness for the Pdiff postcursors, which could suggest that the postcursors are not caused by the ULVZ but rather by scattering anomalies at 2400 km depth. We prefer the ULVZ hypothesis.
The Impact of Lifetime Sports on African American Male Adults' Health and Well-Being: A Quantitative Study
Authors:   , Coates Bobby Joe , Kiosoglous Cameron
Published: September 2024

This quantitative study examines the impact lifetime sports (LTS) have on African American (AA) male adults' self-rated health and well-being. African Americans' history of health disparities, racism, and discrimination has led to a disproportionately unhealthy quality of life. Chronic conditions and illnesses, such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease, are higher among AA than other racial demographics. Among Black Men, mental and social-emotional health conditions, such as depression and anxiety, are higher than their White male counterparts. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a significant indicator of racial health disparities in the United States. Among African Americans, no matter their SES, they are more likely to have grown up in impoverished environments and neighborhoods. Moreover, children raised in low-SES homes will likely live in low-SES neighborhoods as adults. Participation in lifetime sports may have a positive impact on the overall quality of life for African Americans. Some studies have shown positive impacts on quality of life with participation in physical activities, including lifetime sports. The three research questions guiding this study are: 1) How does lifetime sports participation impact African American male adults' self-rated health and well-being? 2) How does lifetime sports participation impact AA male adults' self-rated basic need to thrive? 3) How does socioeconomic status impact AA male adults' participation in lifetime sports? The data was collected using a validated survey questionnaire on how lifetime sports participation impacts African American male adults' self-rated quality of life and basic needs satisfaction. Keywords: lifetime sports, African American males, quality of life, socioeconomic status, self-rated questionnaires.
Language labyrinths: Exploring linguistic markers in mental health assessments
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Viqar Urbah
Published: September 2024

Comprehending the linguistic pathways linked to disordered thought is crucial to improving mental health evaluations and therapeutic approaches. This study discusses the complex interchange between cognitive processes and language use in psychiatric patients and also investigates the linguistic elements of disordered ideas across mental health issues through a comprehensive analysis of the pertinent literature and practical studies. By utilizing knowledge from psychiatry, psychology, and linguistics, the assignment aims to determine proper and reliable language markers for detecting and tracking disturbed thought practices.

The findings of this study should help define future therapeutic strategies and diagnostic tests aimed at the cognitive dysfunctions that underlie psychiatric diseases. The results presented in this paper offer a basis for developing a different approach to diagnostic mechanisms that are more specific and efficient. They will also be instrumental in developing therapeutic techniques and interventions geared towards these cognitive abnormalities, thus providing patients with a better treatment plan. The outcomes of this research can have an efficient application that can dramatically change the nature of the treatment of psychiatric disorders and lead to the improvement of the situation in this field, making the treatment of patients with these diseases more effective and providing better facilities for mental health centres.
Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Polymer Nanocomposites - A Review
Authors: Ravichandran G. , Santhosh N.
Published: September 2024

Polymer nanocomposites have been a rapidly expanding research topic for producing materials over the last few decades. In the previous two decades, there has been a significant scientific interest in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Nanomaterials' distinct features are related to quantum phenomena, greater surface area, and self-assembly. Quantum effects can begin to dominate matter's behaviour in the nanoscale, particularly at the lower end, affecting optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. Nanomaterials have evolved into nanocomposites with numerous applications. Its applications catapulted them to prominence in the field of material research. Because of their unique property combinations and design practicality, polymer nanocomposites are employed in sports equipment, wastewater treatment, the automobile industry, and biomedical applications. Even though they have numerous advantages, producing them in sufficient quantities and high quality is still one of the biggest challenges. During the last few decades, polymer nanocomposites have been a fast-developing research topic for material production. There has been a surge in scientific interest in nanoscience and nanotechnology during the last two decades. Nanomaterials have developed into nanocomposites, which have a wide range of uses. Its uses propelled them to the forefront of material research. Nanocomposite’s physical, mechanical, barrier, flame retardancy, optical, dielectric, rheological, and thermal characteristics have been thoroughly researched. Their uses have also been discussed.
Mining Safety Through Artificial Intelligence: A Survey
Authors: Otmani Oumaima , Soulaimani Saad , Abdessamad Khalil , Amina Rmiki
Published: September 2024

The challenges workers face in underground mines are numerous and hazardous, with potential threats to their safety and well-being. Mining accidents are caused by various factors, including hardware errors and environmental deficiencies. In response to these hazards, the mining industry has made significant efforts to improve safety through the implementation of advanced technologies. Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has been notably integrated into mine ventilation systems in recent years. A ventilation network in a mine is a sophisticated system with many interdependent processes, some of which present difficulties for deterministic simulation techniques. This paper aims to discuss major hazards caused by ventilation and provide an overview of various AI advances in mine ventilation to monitor various environmental parameters such as gas concentrations and heat.