bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-depth characterization of a mouse model of postoperative atrial fibrillation
Authors: Keefe Joshua A. , Navarro-Garcia Jose Alberto , Ni Li , Reilly Svetlana , Dobrev Dobromir , Wehrens Xander H. T.
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), characterized as AF that arises 1-3 days after surgery, occurs after 30%-40% of cardiac and 10%-20% of non-cardiac surgeries, and is thought to arise due to transient surgery-induced triggers acting on a preexisting vulnerable atrial substrate often associated with inflammation and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Current experimental studies often rely on human atrial tissue samples, collected during surgery prior to arrhythmia development, or animal models such as sterile pericarditis and atriotomy, which have not been robustly characterized. Aim: To characterize the demographic, electrophysiologic, and inflammatory properties of a POAF mouse model. Methods and Results: A total of 131 wild-type C57BL/6J mice were included in this study. A total of 86 (65.6%) mice underwent cardiothoracic surgery (THOR), which consisted of bi-atrial pericardiectomy with 20 s of aortic cross-clamping; 45 (34.3%) mice underwent a sham procedure consisting of dissection down to but not into the thoracic cavity. Intracardiac pacing, performed 72 h after surgery, was used to assess AF inducibility. THOR mice showed greater AF inducibility (38.4%) compared to Sham mice (17.8%, P = 0.027). Stratifying the cohort by tertiles of age showed that the greatest risk of POAF after THOR compared to Sham occurred in the 12-19-week age group. Stratifying by sex showed that cardiothoracic (CT) surgery increased POAF risk in females but had no significant effect in males. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction of atrial samples revealed upregulation of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin 6 (IL6) and 18 (IL18) expression in THOR compared to Sham mice. Conclusion: Here, we demonstrate that the increased POAF risk associated with CT surgery is most pronounced in female and 12-19-week-old mice, and that the expression of inflammatory cytokines is upregulated in the atria of THOR mice prone to inducible AF. One sentence summary: We developed a mouse model of POAF that replicates key features of this condition in humans in terms of incidence and inflammatory indices. We demonstrated that female mice have a greater POAF risk than males, highlighting the importance of considering biological sex in future POAF mouse studies.
Методи та програмні засоби для управління кластером сонячних електростанцій
Authors: Мокрий А. , Баклан І.
Published: July 2022

Об’єктом дослідження є програмне забезпечення для управління сонячними електростанціями. На сьогоднішній день технології виробництва сонячних панелей бурхливо розвиваються, інвестиції в сонячну енергетику зростають, тожкористувачі зацікавлені у збільшенні виробітку енергії для швидшої окупності вкладень. Для підвищення ефективності сонячних панелей використовують спеціальні поворотні механізми, які повертають панель перпендикулярно до сонячних променів. Це дозволяє значно збільшити кількість енергії, яку виробляє панель за проміжок часу.У даній статті розглядаються шляхи підвищення ефективності генерації енергії сонячними панелями з використанням мінімальної кількості додаткових датчиків. У даній статті розглянуто систему моніторингу сонячних електростанцій, в якій для вирішення проблеми стеження за Сонцем використовується машинне навчання. Проаналізовано переваги та недоліки прототипу. Розглянуто концепцію мікросервісної архітектури та наведено переваги її використання в розробленій системі. На прикладі прототипу досліджуються різні підходи для підвищення швидкості роботи, якості танадійності подібних систем. Ефективність використання запропонованих підходів перевірено на сонячному симуляторі.

Бібл. 5, іл. 5.
Ефективна модель для виявлення маски на обличчі в режимі реального часу
Authors: Олійник В. , Рижий A.
Published: July 2022

Об’єктом дослідження в роботі є модель виявлення маски на обличчів режимі реального часу. Запропонована модель використовується для вирішенняпроблеми виявлення облич без маски у відеопотоці. Показано, що моделі, засновані надетекторах обличчя, демонструють кращі результати порівняно із моделями детекторівзагального призначення навчених на одному наборі даних.Результати експериментів показують високу ефективність виявлення із середньою точністю mAP=90%. Крім того, запропоноване рішення стійке до змін орієнтації та положення обличчя, неправильного положення маски на обличчі, що підтверджується демонстраційним програмним забезпеченням, розробленим для дослідницьких цілей.У статті досліджено кореляцію між точністю моделі та часом виведення залежно від використовуваного кодувальника ознак. Результати експерименту можуть бути використані для визначення мережі енкодера в практичних застосуваннях залежно від доступного обладнання та обмежень продуктивності.

Бібл. 13, іл. 6, табл. 2.
Підходи до розв'язання задачі прогнозування подій на основі новин
Authors: Процюк Ю. , Гавриленко O.
Published: July 2022

У статті наведено огляд сфер застосування підходів і методів прогнозування подій на основі подій, що відбувалися в минулому. Подане обґрунтування актуальності теми та наведено можливості щодо застосування результатів роботи. Визначено вимоги до вхідних новин щодо їх якості. Зазначено, що можна виділити чотири ключових критерії якості засобів масової інформації, які найчастіше є двокомпонентними, а саме: актуальність новин, надання контексту, вякому знаходиться та чи інша подія, дотримання професіних стандартів та різноманітність матеріалів. Виокремлено ключові етапи роботи з даними з метою отримання з них знань для прогнозування подій. До них належить попередня обробка даних (приведення до стандартизованого вигляду, який зрозуміє і зможе обробляти алгоритм), їх аналіз та сам процес прогнозування. Зазначено сфери застосування асоціативних рядів та марківських процесів для пошуку причинно-наслідкових звязків, а часових рядів для визначення періоду настання події із заданою імовірністю.

Бібл. 7, іл. 2.
Дослідження конфігурації генетичного алгоритму для задачі побудови шляху автономного робота
Authors: Славгородський В. , Резніков С.
Published: July 2022

Стаття присвячена розвитку та покращенню роботи систем формування раціональних маршрутів мобільних роботів, які використовують генетичний алгоритм. Для функціонування мобільного робота необхідно вирішити задачу формування маршруту. Це завдання є глобальним, містить безліч рішень і не вимагає абсолютної точності. Для вирішення подібного завдання підходить генетичний алгоритм, який є евристичним алгоритмом глобального пошуку. Цей алгоритм оперуєрізними генетичними операторами, такими як схрещування, мутація, селекція, генерація популяцій та поколінь. Дані оператори можуть бути адаптовані до потреби пошуку маршруту. Таким чином, генотип як величина якою може оперувати алгоритм може бути представлена у вигляді маршруту, що складається з віддалених один від одного дорожніх точок. Далі за допомогою застосування генетичних операторів маршрути створюються і змінюються до тих пір, поки не буде знайдено маршрут, що уникає різноманітних навігаційних небезпек, та задовольняє заданим параметрам. Механізм пошуку залежить від коефіцієнтів, які задають режим роботи генетичних операторів. Ефективність даного способу розв'язання навігаційної задачі безпосередньо залежить від вибраних коефіцієнтів, що роблять вирішення задачі швидким і надійним. Таким чином перед безпосереднім застосуванням алгоритму необхідно виявити основні закономірності між використаними коефіцієнтами, а також визначити їх оптимальні значення, у яких робота алгоритму буде найефективнішою.

Бібл. 5, іл. 8.
Метод моніторингу процесу розробки програмного забезпечення на основі аналізу текстових даних
Authors: Семченко А. , Олійник Ю. , Демиденко O.
Published: July 2022

За статистикою, значна кількість ІТ-проєктів зазнає невдачі через проблеми у робочих процесах, а не через брак технічної експертизи. Ця публікація присвячена проблемі ефективного вимірювання та моніторингу процесу розробки впрограмній інженерії. Метою є покращення процесу моніторингу розробки програмного забезпечення. Запропоновано метод моніторингу процесу розробки програмного забезпечення на основі текстових даних, що виникають в процесірозробки. Результати проведених експериментів показують, що використання запропонованого методу дозволяє пришвидшити моніторинг процесу розробки програмного забезпечення на 22%.

Бібл. 16, іл. 3, табл. 3.
Efficiency analysis of routing protocols in wireless mesh networks
Authors: Golovin Yuriy , Pastukh Bohdan
Published: July 2022

An important direction in the administration of the state is the creation of a single information environment that will provide reliable feedback, timely planning and coordination of the actions of various units and structures of the state for the effective performance of assigned tasks. These issues are very relevant for the armed forces and other power structures of the state. JADC2 (Joint All-Domain Command and Control) technology was adopted in 2022 as an important strategy in the US armed forces and the armies of NATO countries. It is envisaged that JADC2 will cover all branches of the armed forces in order to combine the communications of various devices in the overall structure of command and control. To achieve success, a constant connection between a large number of domains, including sensors and control objects – Internet of Things in the military sector with the use of artificial intelligence AI/ML (Artificial Intelligence/Machine learning) must be maintained. The communication between the elements of the JADC2 architecture at the respective levels should be provided by different telecommunication networks using different physical channels, such as KH and VHF radio links, satellite communication, fixed fiber optic lines, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to transfer large volumes of data through global networks in a timely manner without losing data integrity, so JADC2 networks must be ready for cyber attacks. To solve these problems, it is necessary to switch from existing conventional radio communication networks to high-speed broadband, including MANET mesh networks (Mobile Ad hoc Network). The main advantages of MANET networks are: deployment speed, low cost with high efficiency, the ability to transmit data over long distances without increasing the transmitter power, resistance to changes in the network infrastructure, the ability to quickly reconfigure in adverse interference conditions. Routing protocols in such networks are the most effective means of solving the problem of service quality. This work presents the results of evaluating the effectiveness of routing protocols in mesh networks in accordance with the requirements of the services provided.
Thresholds in Deep-seabed Mining: A Primer for Their Development
Authors: Hitchin Becky , Smith Samantha , Kröger Kerstin , Jones DOB , Jaeckel Aline , Mestre Nelia , Ardron Jeff , Escobar Elva , Van Der Grient Jesse , Amaro Teresa
Published: July 2022

The establishment of thresholds is integral to environmental management. This paper introduces the use of thresholds in the context of deep-seabed mining, a nascent industry for which an exploitation regime of regulations, standards and guidelines is still in the process of being developed, and for which the roles and values of thresholds have yet to be finalised. There are several options for integrating thresholds into the International Seabed Authority’s regulatory regime, from being stipulated in regulations to being part of a mining contract, each option having its own advantages and disadvantages. Here we explore the range of ways that thresholds can be derived, set out the challenges in translating ecological and management data into thresholds, highlight factors for acceptance and operationalisation of thresholds in deep-seabed mining, and explain the necessity of refining thresholds as knowledge on impacts to features improves. Some comparable marine industries already use thresholds and these could potentially be used as starting points for the development of thresholds for deep-seabed mining. In order to be acceptable to the wide range of deep-seabed mining stakeholders, thresholds need to strike a balance among levels of harm acceptable by society, levels of environmental precaution justifiable by governments, scientific robustness, and operational practicality.
Tuberculosis Challenging Pathognomicity of Atraumatic Avulsion of the Lesser Trochanter for Malignancy
Authors: Sharma Amit , Kamboj Kulbhushan , Kumar Roshan , Sud Alok
Published: July 2022

Case:

A 40-year-old man presented with spontaneous, atraumatic right groin pain and inability to bear weight secondary to an isolated avulsion of the right lesser trochanter. Magnetic resonance imaging of the affected hip was suggestive of an infection, and a computed tomography–guided biopsy was remarkable for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which was successfully managed with antitubercular therapy and activity modification.

Conclusion:

Although an isolated spontaneous avulsion of the lesser trochanter is typically pathognomonic for malignancy, an infectious etiology, such as tuberculosis, should also be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Annular Pulley Rupture of the Toes: Expanding the Differential Diagnosis for Forefoot Pain with Novel MR Findings
Authors: Wojack Paul R. , Frane Nicholas , Bitterman Adam D. , O'Donnell John S. , Milillo Ralph A.
Published: July 2022

Case:

Herein is presented a case of rupture of the A2/A3 annular pulleys of the left second toe in a 33-year-old male patient after a snowboarding injury. The injury was detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 7 weeks after the initial trauma. The patient was treated conservatively, including toe splinting, with the patient returning to his asymptomatic preinjury baseline after 6 months.

Conclusion:

Annular pulley rupture of the toes is a novel cause of prolonged forefoot pain. Clinician awareness of this unique injury and its often subtle MRI findings may help avoid delays in appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
Precontouring Plates for MIS Bilateral Femur Osteosynthesis Using a Patient-Specific 3D Printed Model
Authors: Van Deventer Stephanus Johannes , Hiansen Joshua Qua , Kim Christopher , Mashari Azad , Zywiel Michael G.
Published: July 2022

Case:

A 27-year-old woman with increasing bilateral thigh pain and underlying diagnosis of dysosteosclerosis was diagnosed with bilateral impending pathological femur fractures. Both femurs exhibited abnormal morphology with bowing, thickened cortices, and narrow intramedullary canals. We planned minimally invasive prophylactic plate osteosynthesis. Computed tomography scans of both femora were obtained and used to generate 3-dimensional (3D) printed models. Osteosynthesis plates were precontoured to fit the 3D models and sterilized, and prophylactic fixation was performed using a minimally invasive submuscular technique.

Conclusion:

3D printed models aided in precontouring fixation plates in a case with challenging bony anatomy, enabling minimally invasive surgery.
Promoción del desarrollo de la comprensión lectora a través de un Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizaje (AVA) en el área de lengua castellana.
Authors: Zapata Arias Sandra Elena
Published: July 2022

La propuesta de intervención buscaba promover el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora a través de un Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizaje (AVA) en el área de lengua castellana en los estudiantes del grado décimo de la Institución Educativa Alberto Lebrún Múnera del municipio de Bello. Para ello, se partió del diagnóstico de las habilidades que los estudiantes tenían en comprensión lectora y basándose en los resultados, se implementó una unidad didáctica; por último, se evaluó los conocimientos adquiridos. Tomando la metodología Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP), se obtuvieron los datos a partir de ejercicios de comprensión lectora y la evaluación.

Se puede afirmar, que en la actualidad el rol docente se debe ubicar en la comprensión de las nuevas formas de enseñar y aprender en un mundo digital y globalizado, y que la incorporación de propuestas que sean llamativas para los estudiantes, como el uso de la plataforma Edmodo, se convierte en una herramienta metodológica de alto impacto para el área de lengua castellana. Con este proyecto se logró fortalecer los diferentes niveles de lectura y de pensamiento de la comprensión lectora, por medio de diversas herramientas que estimularon en los estudiantes el interés y la motivación por aprender.
Using geophysical and erosion properties to identify potential beneficial use applications for Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway sediments
Authors: Perkey David , Tarpley Danielle
Published: July 2022

In an effort to identify alternative and beneficial use placement strategies for dredged sediments from the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (AIWW), the US Army Corps of Engineers, Savannah District (SAS), and the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) performed a series of physical property tests of 34 core borings from the SAS AIWW. Physical property testing found that 14 of the borings were non-cohesive sandy materials that may be suitable for potential beach renourishment or berm construction. The remaining 20 borings had mud contents sufficient enough to result in cohesive behavior. A subset of six of these materials from across the geographic region were further evaluated to characterize their erosion behavior. Following a self-weight consolidation period of 30 days, erosion testing showed that the tested cohesive sediments had critical shear stress values that ranged from 1.7 Pa to 2.9 Pa, suggesting that these sediments would likely be resistant to erosion in most wetland environments after placement. Additionally, the cohesive sediments were found to produce gravel-sized mud clasts. These clasts could account for 20% or more of the eroded mass and significantly reduce the amount of silts and clays incorporated in suspended plumes during and immediately following placement.
A Heuristic Approach to the Consecutive Ones Submatrix Problem
Authors: Abo-Alsabeh Rewayda , Daham Hajem Ati , Salhi Abdellah
Published: July 2022

Given a matrix, the Consecutive Ones Submatrix (C1S) problem which aims to find the permutation of columns that maximizes the number of columns having together only one block of consecutive ones in each row is considered here. A heuristic approach will be suggested to solve the problem. Also, the Consecutive Blocks Minimization (CBM) problem which is related to the consecutive ones submatrix will be considered. The new procedure is proposed to improve the column insertion approach. Then real world and random matrices from the set covering problem will be evaluated and computational results will be highlighted.
Evaluation of Beta-2 Integrin and Platelets Roles in Sickle Cell Disease Pathogenicity in Basrah Governorate Patients
Authors: Al-Mishrey Maha K.
Published: July 2022

Sickle cell disease (SCD) comprises an inherited blood disorder that is life long and affects many people globally. In spite of the development in treatment, SCA is a considerable cause of mortality and morbidity. The present study tries to assess the role of leukocytes represented by β integrin(CD18) and platelets and their productivity in the pathogenicity of disease during  the steady state and crisis in comparison with the healthy as-control group, SCD patients (15) enrolled during crisis and steady state (follow up) showed a significant increase in leukocytes and platelets cells productivity during crisis when compared to the steady state and in the steady state when compared to the healthy control group . In this study, SCD pathophysiology in  steady state and crisis affected by the platelets account and leukocyte  activation triggered by inflammatory factors and reflex on the adherence and attachment between cells and blood vessel  led to vascular occlusion (VOC).
Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal Analysis of a New Acidicazo Ligand's Metal Complexes
Authors: Al-Daffay Rasha Khider Hussain , Al-Hamdani Abbas Ali Salih
Published: July 2022

The researchers wanted to make a new azo imidazole as a follow-up to their previous work. The ligand 4-[(2-Amino-4-phenylazo)-methyl]-cyclohexane carboxylic acid as a derivative of trans-4-(aminomethyl) cyclohexane carboxylic acid diazonium salt, and synthesis a series of its chelate complexes with metalions, characterized these compounds using a variety technique, including elemental analysis, FTIR, LC-Mass, 1H-NMRand UV-Vis spectral process as well TGA, conductivity and magnetic quantifications. Analytical data showed that the Co (II) complex out to 1:1 metal-ligand ratio with square planner and tetrahedral geometry, respectively while 1:2 metal-ligand ratio in the Cu(II), Cr(III), Mn(II), Zn(II), Ru(III)and Rh(III)complexes with octahedral geometry except Mn complex has tetrahedral geometry. The Ligand functions as a neutral tridentate ligand in all complex investigations, coordinating Cr(III), Zn(II), Ru(III), and Rh(III) ions via the N atom of amine and azo groups, as well as the O phenolic OH group. When coordinated with the Cu(II), Co(II), and Mn(II) ions via the two N atoms of the amine and azo groups, this Ligand functions as a neutral bidentate.
Gold nanoparticles’ concentration dependent reactivity to alendronate, memantine, andtobramycin
Authors: Eissa Dina M. , Mabrouk Mokhtar M. , Ebeid El Zeiny M. , Hamid Mohamed A. Abdel
Published: July 2022

Turkevich gold nanoparticles are the original nanoparticles that have been modified over time. Its combination with targeting medications such as alendronate, memantine, and tobramycin will provide additional benefits intargeting specific areas in the bone, brain, and microorganisms, respectively.Hence, The reactivity and stability of nanoparticles with various drugconcentrations (milli-,micro-, and nano-levels) have been studied. Withalendronate, the absorbance spectra of nanoparticles at λmax 520 nm werealways stable and no redshifts occurred. In contrast, the spectra with memantineand tobramycin were stable at the nano-level and redshifts occurred at the milli-& micro- levels. HRTEM and DLS revealed that the core diameter was relativelystable in all cases, whereas the hydrodynamic diameter & zeta potential variedwith varying drug concentrations. Increasing concentration increasedhydrodynamic diameter slightly with memantine (from 64.99 to 98.41 nm),dramatically with tobramycin (from 135.3 to 332.16 nm), and almost negligiblywith alendronate (from 52.08 to 58.94 nm ). Zeta Potential, conversely, isreduced as concentration increases. Memantine had the greatest reduction innegativity, followed by tobramycin, but alendronate had a slight increase innegativity. Benefits from this research would be in targeted drug delivery, wherestability and reactivity of gold nanoparticles are critical.
PRevention of COVID-19 with Oral Vitamin D supplemental Therapy in Essential healthCare Teams (PROTECT): Ancillary study of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hosseini Banafsheh , Tremblay Cecile L , Longo Cristina , Golchi Shirin , White John , Quach Caroline , Ste-Marie Louis-Georges , Platt Robert , Ducharme Francine
Published: July 2022

Background
The study objectives were to ascertain the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in rapidly increasing serum vitamin D and of implementation of a hybrid (virtual and in-person) trial.
Methods
In a randomised triple-blind controlled trial, healthcare workers were allocated to receive an oral bolus of 100,000 IU with 10,000 IU/week vitamin D3 or placebo. The co-primary outcomes of this ancillary study were the change from baseline in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [(Δ) 25(OH)D] and proportion with vitamin D sufficiency (25(OH)D ≥ 75nmol/L), at endpoint. Adherence to supplements and procedures as well as adverse event rates were documented.
Results
Thirty-four (19 intervention, 15 control) subjects were randomised, with 28 (41%) virtual visits. After 44.78 ± 11.00 days from baseline, a significant adjusted group difference of 44.2 (34.7, 53.8) nmol/L was observed in the Δ 25(OH)D (95%CI) in favor of supplementation; 77.8% of intervention, and 13.3% of control, patients were vitamin D sufficient (OR:6.11, 95%CI:1.6, 22.9). The adherence to intervention was 94.7% in the intervention and 100% in the control groups. Irrespective of visit type, high adherence was observed in sampling procedures and completion of fortnightly online questionnaire. No adverse events attributable to vitamin D were reported.
Conclusion
The vitamin D supplementation rapidly and safely raised 25(OH)D levels to sufficient levels for a biological effect. Similarly high adherence to study procedures was observed with virtual and in-person participation.
Trial registration:
This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov on July 23, 2020 (#NCT04483635)
Dual-objective modelling and optimization for a low-carbon waste classified collection problem
Authors: Lu Xulong , Pu Xujin , Wang Hongfeng , Fu Yaping
Published: July 2022

Recently, waste collection has become a research hotspot and an urgent problem to be solved due to the explosive growth of waste. With the improvement of the quality of life, there are various kinds of waste, which has caused great difficulties for waste collection. As a result, waste classified collection is proposed worldwide. However, the existing research on waste collection pays little attention to waste classification, and most of them aim to minimize the cost without consideration of it. In this paper, we consider the pretreatment and classification of waste transfer stations. In recent years, global warming caused by carbon emission has already become a serious problem. Therefore, this work proposes a dual-objective multi-depot two-echelon green vehicle routing problem with various pickups to optimize waste classified collection for the first time, and then we establish a mixed-integer programming model. To solve our investigated model effectively, we design a multi-objective brain storm optimization algorithm where a novel clustering strategy based on rank method and differential mutation are used. Compared with two classical multi-objective optimization algorithms on some generated test instances and a real-world case, the experimental results show that the proposed model helps sanitation departments improve economic and environmental benefits of waste classified collection, and the proposed algorithm is an excellent optimizer to solve the concerned problem
The correlation analysis between childhood behavioral disturbance and maternal alexithymia: an observational study
Authors: Lin Yu-Chen , Lee Wei-Yang
Published: July 2022

Background
From the perspective of children's psychological development and psychoanalysis, the primary caregiver's response to children's behavior has a considerable impact on children's emotional and behavioral development. If caregivers lack the ability to empathize, difficulties in detecting and responding to children's emotions, which may lead to children's emotional and behavioral disorders. The purpose of this study is to preliminarily explore the correlation between children's behavioral and emotional disorders and the mother's inability to express emotions.
Method
We collected a total of 78 cases from outpatient clinics, aged between 3–13 years old. The Taiwan version of the " Toronto Alexithymia Scale" and "Children's Behavior Checklist" questionnaires were used as research tools, which were filled out by the mothers themselves. We use Spearman correlation tool for follow-up analysis.
Results
The factor 1, 2 and 3 of TAS are positively correlated with somatic complaint subscale of CBCL. (F2: p < 0.01; F1 and F3:P < 0.05); The factor 1 of TAS is positively correlated with internal subscale of CBCL(p < 0.05) and withdrawn subscale of CBCL(p < 0.05). We found significant associations TAS-Total and the SC subscale of CBCL (p < 0.05), and factor 1 of TAS and WD of CBCL on boy alone (p < 0.05). However, negative related association was noted between TAS-F3 and the SP subscale of CBCL (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
We infer that when mothers are less able to distinguish internal emotional feelings, children's emotions and behaviors tend to be internalized, and they are more likely to show withdrawal, complaints of physical discomfort, and depression and anxiety. In addition, boys tend to show withdrawal traits in the internalization dimension; girls tend to show depression and anxiety in that respectively. This study preliminarily shows that there is a partial correlation between mother’s alexithymia and children's emotional and behavioral disorders, and it is worth further exploring the impact of caregivers' emotional traits on children's growth in the future.
Federated Learning Algorithms for Generalized Mixed-effects Model (GLMM) on Horizontally Partitioned Data from Distributed Sources
Authors: Li Wentao , Tong Jiayi , Anjum Md. Monowar , Mohammed Noman , Chen Yong , Jiang Xiaoqian
Published: July 2022

Objectives: This paper developed federated solutions based on two approximation algorithms to achieve federated generalized linear mixed effect models (GLMM). The paper also proposed a solution for numerical errors and singularity issues. And compared the developed model’s outcomes with each other, as well as that from the standard R package (‘lme4’). Methods: The log-likelihood function of GLMM is approximated by two numerical methods (Laplace approximation and Gaussian Hermite approximation), which supports federated decomposition of GLMM to bring computation to data. To solve the numerical errors and singularity issues, the loss-less estimation of log-sum-exponential trick and the adaptive regularization strategy was used to tackle the problems caused by federated settings. Results: Our proposed method can handle GLMM to accommodate hierarchical data with multiple non-independent levels of observations in a federated setting. The experiment results demonstrate comparable (Laplace) and superior (Gaussian-Hermite) performances with simulated and real-world data. Conclusion: We modified and compared federated GLMMs with different approximations, which can support researchers in analyzing versatile biomedical data to accommodate mixed effects and address non-independence due to hierarchical structures (i.e., institutes, region, country, etc.).
Evaluation of a smartphone-based visual body composition application with artificial intelligence trained by 4-compartment model
Authors: Graybeal Austin , Brandner Caleb , Tinsley Grant
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to assess the precision and agreement of a visual body composition (VBC) application using a 4-compartment (4C) model criterion. Body composition estimations were collected from 102 participants using methods required for a 4C model and a VBC application using two different smartphone types. Intraclass correlation coefficients (0.96–0.99) and root mean square coefficients of variation (0.5%-3.0%) showed good reliability for body fat %, fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) between and within smartphone types. There were no significant mean differences between 4C model estimates and the VBC estimates for the total sample, by sex, and for white and Black/African-American participants. VBC estimates demonstrated equivalence with the 4C model for all variables, but revealed proportional biases that underestimated BF% and FM at higher degrees of each variable. VBC applications trained by a 4C model are reliable and produce body composition estimates equivalent with a 4C.
Risk Factors of the Retention of Deciduous Teeth in Adolescents Aged 12–15: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Liu Junyu , Shi Xiaotong , Hou Ruxia , Liu Jiajia , Yang Tingting , Li Ran , Zhao Bin , Feng Guoqing , Li Junming , Wang Xiangyu
Published: July 2022

Background:
Retention of deciduous teeth (RDT) is a tooth replacement abnormality that affects the oral cavity and health of adolescents. However, evidence of the quantitative effects of determinants on RDT is still limited. A better understanding of the quantifying determinants of RDT would support evidence-based policymaking to reduce the incidence of RDT in China and other developing areas globally.
Methods:
The target population of this study focuses on the 12- to 15-year-old age group amounting to 11,351 sample individuals derived from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015) and the First Oral Health Survey of Shanxi Province, China (2018). Propensity score matching(PSM) method and logical regression model were employed to explore the epidemiological characteristics and determinants of RDT in adolescents.
Results:
The retention rate of deciduous teeth (RRDT) of adolescents aged 12–15 in Shanxi Province was 11.74% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.78–13.70%). Dental caries was found to be a risk factor, with a corresponding odds ratio (OR) of 1.22 (95%CI: 1.04–1.43). Relative to a non-only child, the OR of an only-child was 0.72 (95%CI: 0.60–0.86). For adolescents, brushing their teeth every day and having their teeth examined can lower their risk of RDT. The education level of the mother and body mass index were found to be protective factors of RDT.
Conclusions:
Socio-economic factors and individual characteristic behaviours are closely related to the RDT of adolescents aged 12–15 years. More attention should be paid to the RDT of adolescents in China and other areas worldwide.
Municipal Wastewater Treatment uses Vertical flow followed by horizontal flow in a two-stage hybrid constructed wetland planted with Calibanus hookeri and Canna indica (Cannaceae)
Authors: Singh Krishna Kumar , Vaishya Rakesh Chandra
Published: July 2022

The utilization of hybrid constructed wetland systems has recently expanded due to more rigorous municipal wastewater discharge and also complex wastewaters treated in hybrid constructed wetlands (HCWs). A lab-scale two-stage Experimental setup of Vertical flow followed by horizontal flow hybrid constructed wetland (VFHCW- HFHCW) configuration was built. First stage vertical flow hybrid constructed wetland reactor with the surface area was 1963.49 cm2 and second stage horizontal flow hybrid constructed wetland reactor with the surface area was 2025 cm2. The HCW unit was planted with two type plants: Calibanus hookeri and Canna indica (Cannaceae). Influent Municipal wastewater flow rate 112.32 lit./day, hydraulic loading rate (HLR) 0.55 meter/day, and hydraulic retention time One day. The efficiency was evaluated in municipal wastewater quality improvement and Physico-chemical analysis in our laboratory. The removal rate after the second stage horizontal flow of BOD3 at 27oC, COD, TSS, TP, NH3-N, and NO3-N reached 92.75%, 89.90%, 85.45%, 88.83%, 99.09%, and 96.05%, respectively. The results shown after both stage hybrid constructed wetland VFHCW- HFHCW, treated effluent of Municipal wastewater produced high-quality effluent which may be reused in gardening, agriculture, and flushing in toilet purpose according to Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) code for practices. However, in the future, hybrid constructed wetlands could be standards design criteria developing and enhancing the performance standards and economic meets both to make more popular technology of the hybrid constructed wetland (HCW).
Targeted deletion of ecto-5′-nucleotidase results in retention of inosine monophosphate content in postmortem muscle of medaka (Oryzias latipes)
Authors: Murakami Yu , Ando Masashi , Futamata Ryota , Horibe Tomohisa , Ueda Kazumitsu , Kinoshita Masato , Kobayashi Toru
Published: July 2022

Inosine monophosphate (IMP) is an important indicator of meat freshness and contributes to its umami taste. An attractive strategy for enhancing umami is to suppress the IMP-degrading activity and increase the IMP content in the skeletal muscle through genome editing technology using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying IMP degradation remain unclear. We cloned two ecto-5’-nucleotidase genes, designated as ecto-5′-nucleotidase-a (nt5ea) and ecto-5′-nucleotidase-b (nt5eb), from medaka (Oryzias latipes), a vertebrate model organism. Expression analysis using embryos showed that nt5ea or nt5eb overexpression remarkably upregulated IMP degradation, and that the IMP degrading activity was higher in Nt5ea than in Nt5eb. Furthermore, we established frame-shifted or large deletion (lacking nt5ea or nt5eb locus) mutant strains and assayed the effects of gene disruptions on the amount of IMP in skeletal muscle. The nt5ea-deficient medaka showed significantly higher levels of IMP at 48 h postmortem than did the wild-type fish. The nt5eb mutants also exhibited higher IMP contents compared to the wild types, but the increase was less than that in the nt5ea mutants. Our results demonstrated that nt5e is an important regulator of IMP levels in skeletal muscle and that its loss of function was effective in maintaining IMP content.
Discovery of common loci and candidate genes for controlling salt-alkali tolerance and yield-related traits in Brassica napus L.
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhang Qi , Wang Han , Tao Shunxian , Cao Hanming , Shi Yiji , Bakirov Aldiyar , Xu Aixia , Huang Zhen
Published: July 2022

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil crops in the world. Its yield is decided by multiple yield-related traits, which is also susceptible to environmental factors. Many yield-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been reported in Brassica napus; however, no studies have been conducted to investigate both salt-alkali tolerance and yield-related traits simultaneously. Here, specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) technologies were utilized to map the QTLs for salt-alkali tolerance and yield-related traits. A total of 65 QTLs were identified, including 30 QTLs for salt-alkali tolerance traits and 35 QTLs for yield-related traits, accounting for 7.61–27.84% of the total phenotypic variations. Among these QTLs, 18 unique QTLs controlling two to four traits were identified by meta-analysis. Six novel and unique QTLs were detected for salt-alkali tolerance traits. By comparing these unique QTLs for salt-alkali tolerance traits with those previously reported QTLs for yield-related traits, seven co-localized chromosomal regions were identified on A09 and A10. Combining QTL mapping with transcriptome of two parents under salt and alkaline stresses, thirteen genes were identified as the candidates controlling both salt-alkali tolerance and yield. These findings provide useful information for future breeding of high-yield cultivars resistant to alkaline and salt stresses.
Elements That Impact on Participants’ Psychological Suffering in Simplified Fire Drills
Authors: Zhao Longlong , Su Peng
Published: July 2022

Necessary fire drills can effectively prevent or reduce fire hazards on the one hand, and on the other hand, they may also bring a certain amount of psychological suffering to participants. In order to identify elements influencing participants' psychological suffering, this study distributed a specially designed questionnaire to postgraduate students who had experienced fire drills in London. The questionnaires were designed on the awareness of precaution, the level of participation, the rank of satisfaction, the number of fire drills experienced, procedural arrangements, and the participants' general evaluation, and this research assessed their impact on participants' psychological suffering with the help of multiple regression. An analysis of the 656 questionnaires shows that the awareness of precaution, the level of participation, the rank of satisfaction, the number of fire drills experienced, procedural arrangements, and the participants' general evaluation all significantly impacted participants' psychological suffering. Based on these, we offered four recommendations that could efficiently decrease participants' psychological suffering. They are gradually improving participants' awareness of precaution, increasing the degree of components' engagement in fire drills, redesigning the procedural arrangement of simplified fire drills timely, and limiting the frequency of fire drills appropriately.
Co-immunization with pre-erythrocytic antigens alongside circumsporozoite protein can enhance sterile protection against Plasmodium sporozoite infection.
Authors: Sather Noah , Vigdorovich Vladimir , Patel Hardik , Watson Alexander , Raappana Andrew , Reynolds Laura , Selman William , Beeman Suzannah , Edlefsen Paul , Kappe Stefan
Published: July 2022

Malaria-causing Plasmodium parasites have a complex life cycle and present numerous antigen targets that may contribute to protective immune responses. The currently recommended vaccine—RTS,S—functions by targeting the P. falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP), which is the most abundant surface protein of the sporozoite form responsible for initiating infection of the human host. Despite showing only moderate efficacy, RTS,S has established a strong foundation for the development of next-generation subunit vaccines. Our previous work characterizing the sporozoite surface proteome identified additional non-CSP antigens that may be useful as immunogens individually or in combination with CSP. In this study, we examined eight such antigens using the rodent malaria parasite P. yoelii as a model system. We demonstrate that despite conferring weak protection individually, co-immunizing each of several of these antigens alongside CSP, could significantly enhance the sterile protection achieved by CSP immunization alone. Thus, our work provides compelling evidence that a multi-antigen pre-erythrocytic vaccine approach may enhance protection compared to CSP-only vaccines. This lays the groundwork for further studies aimed at testing the identified antigen combinations in human vaccination trials that assess efficacy with controlled human malaria infection.
The Subtalar Calcaneal Angle; A Novel Angle for Evaluation of Displaced Calcaneal Fractures
Authors: Shekhbihi Abdelkader , Shahat Ahmad , Riem Sarwiga , Reichert Winfried , Masoud Mohammad
Published: July 2022

Objectives : The radiological measurement of the Böhler angle (BA) and the critical angle of Gissane (CAG) is used not only to diagnose and corroborate the suspicion of the presence of calcaneal fractures but also to assess the prognosis of different injury patterns and to evaluate the operative reduction of calcaneal fractures. Notwithstanding, many previous studies indicated the poor intra- and interobserver reproducibility of both angles. In this review article, we present the subtalar calcaneal angle (SCA) as an additional diagnostic tool - to BA and CAG - which can be applied on pre- and postoperative radiographs to assess calcaneal fractures involving the posterior facet. Design : Retrospective Study.Methods : Two retrospective groups were established, a ‘CF-group’ including radiographs of patients who were diagnosed with a calcaneal fracture and underwent operative treatment in the authors’ traumatology department, and a ‘control group’ with 50 lateral calcaneal radiographs clear of osseous lesions. Initially, the SCA, BA and the CAG were measured in both groups by three examiners. Those measurements were repeated one month later. Both the intra- and intertester reliabilities of all three angles were tested through the determination of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A paired t-test was used to prove the statistically significant difference between the SCA values for the pre- and postoperative groups, while the significant difference between the SCA values for the control and preoperative groups was tested through an independent-samples t-test. Results : The intra- and interobserver reliability of the SCA and the BA was in close proximity. The CAG showed poor intertester reliability. The values of the SCA in both the control and postoperative groups were significantly different compared to the measurements of the preoperative group.Conclusion : The subtalar calcaneal angle is a new instrument with proven reliability in estimating the prognosis of displaced calcaneal fractures and the postoperative alignment of the posterior facet.
COVID-19 vaccines breakthrough infection and adverse reactions in medical students: A nationwide survey in Iran
Authors: Allahgholipour Amirreza , Rosstami-Nejad Mohammad , Safavi-Naini Seyed Amir Ahmad , Rostami Hossein Nazary , Honarvar Mohamad Javad , Mohammadi Mohammad , Khalili Parnian , Ilaghi Mehran , Afshar Hossein , Baghbadorani Ali Amini , Moghimi Hamid Reza , Goorabi Alireza Chamani , Mehrparvar Amirreza , Safari Mehdi , Nakhli Ashraf Sadat , Mahmoudabadi Mohammad , Seifadini Adib , Shaikhansari Sobhan , Khojastehfar Sadaf , Mahdavi Parisa , Mohammadi Maede , Barzideh Siyamak Ashrafi , Akbarzadeh Nadia , Ahmadigol Adel , Zali Alireza , Moghadam Seyed Hosein Delavarpour , Barary Mohammad , Emamhadi MohammadAli
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the rate of COVID-19 breakthrough infection and adverse events in medical students.
Methods
Iranian medical students receiving two doses of COVID-19 vaccines were included in this retrospective cohort study. The medical team gathered the demographic characteristics, comorbidities, type of vaccine, adverse events following vaccination, and history of COVID-19 infection data through a phone interview. The frequency of adverse events and breakthrough infection was stratified by vaccine type (ChAdOx1-S, Gam-COVID-Vac, and BIBP-CorV).
Results
A total of 3591 medical students enrolled in this study, of which 57.02% were females, with a mean age of 23.31 + 4.87. A PCR-confirmed and suspicious-for-COVID-19 breakthrough infection rate of 4.51% and 7.02% was detected, respectively. There was no significant relation between breakthrough infection and gender, BMI, blood groups, and comorbidities. However, there was a significant difference in breakthrough infection rate among different types of vaccines (P = 0.001) and history of COVID-19 infection (P = 0.001). A total of 16 participants were hospitalized for COVID-19 infection, and no severe infection or death was observed in the studied population.
Conclusion
Vaccination prevented severe COVID-19 infection, although a high breakthrough infection rate was evident among Iran medical students during the Delta variant’s peak. Vaccine effectiveness may be fragile during emerging new variants and in high-exposure settings. Moreover, adverse events are rare, and the benefits of vaccination outweigh the side effects. However, many limitations challenged this study, and the results should be cautious.
Systematic analysis of semiconductor photoconductivity dynamics under different laser excitations: two- and three-level models
Authors: Mahi fatima zohra , Mahi Abdelhamid , Mahi Fatima Zohra , Abbes Alaeddine , Varani Luca
Published: July 2022

A numerical study of a model photoconductor under pulse and continuous-wave laser excitation is presented. From the solution of a system of partial differential equations related to the populations of conduction and valence bands we analyze the time behavior of the photoexcited concentrations of electrons and holes where the diffusion phenomena and the presence of electric field are neglected. Additionally, for the three-level model, the population of traps level is also introduced and analyzed as a third variable. The dynamics of electrons, holes and traps levels concentrations are studied in the presence of different types of pulse and harmonic laser photoexcitations. We show that an improved physical insight is obtained through a systematic analysis of the influence of the main physical parameters, such as generation and recombination rates, between the available energy levels.