bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of spontaneous reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions for non-analgesic over-the-counter drugs from 2008 to 2017
Authors: Bukic Josipa , Rusic Doris , Mas Petar , Karabatic Deni , Bozic Josko , Seselja Perisin Ana , Leskur Dario , Krnic Darko , Tomic Sinisa , Modun Darko
Published: October 2019

Background

Adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting practices by health care professionals remain poor. Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are perceived as safe; however, they can also cause ADRs. The objective of this study was to analyze ADR reporting for OTC drugs in a 10-year period, in order to evaluate frequency of ADRs, population that ADRs most affect and reporters of ADRs of OTC drugs in Croatia.

Methods

Spontaneously reported ADRs of non-analgesic OTC drugs, collected from January 2008 to December 2017 were analyzed. Data was obtained from Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices of Croatia (HALMED).

Results

There were 547 ADRs of OTC drugs reported in total and an increase in number of reports through the years was observed. Pharmacists reported 45.4% of all ADRs, and were most frequent reporters (p < 0.001). In 2017 majority of reports, 62 (49.2%), were obtained from consumers. ADRs were most frequently observed in patients aged 70 years and older (15% of ADRs). Five percent of all reports were accidental exposures among children.

Conclusions

Pharmacists most frequently reported ADRs of OTC drugs and consumers’ awareness of ADR reporting has risen. Other health care professionals (e.g., nurses and dentists) must be offered proper education in order to improve reporting practice of ADRs. Health care professionals should address concerns about OTC drug safety in elderly and children.
Benefits of linking civil registration and vital statistics with identity management systems for measuring and achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3 indicators
Authors: Mills Samuel , Lee Jane Kim , Rassekh Bahie Mary
Published: October 2019

A complete civil registration and vital statistics system is the best source of data for measuring most of the Sustainable Development Goal 3 indicators. However, civil registration does not include migration data, which are necessary for calculating the actual number of people living in a given area and their characteristics such as age and sex. This information is needed to facilitate planning, for example, for school places, health care, infrastructure, etc. It is also needed as the denominator for the calculation of a range of health and socioeconomic indicators. Obtaining and using these data can be particularly beneficial for measuring and achieving universal health coverage (Target 3.8), because civil registration can help to identify persons in need of health care and enable decision-makers to plan for the delivery of essential services to all persons in the country, including the most disadvantaged populations. By assigning unique identification numbers to individuals, for example, at birth registration, then using these numbers to link the individuals’ data from civil registration, national identification, and other functional registers, including registers for migration and health care, more accurate and disaggregated population values can be obtained. This is also a key to improving the effectiveness of and access to social services such as education, health, social welfare, and financial services. When civil registration system in a country is linked with its national identification system, it benefits both the government and its citizens. For the government, having reliable and up-to-date vital events information on its citizens supports making informed program and policy decisions, ensuring the accurate use of funds and monitoring of development programs at all levels. For individuals, it makes it easier to prove one’s identity and the occurrence of vital events to claim public services such as survivor benefits or child grants.
Obstacles to birth registration in Niger: estimates from a recent household survey
Authors: Wodon Quentin , Yedan Ali
Published: October 2019

Despite progress made towards increasing birth registration rates over the last dozen years, almost one in two children may still not get registered at birth in Niger according to a recent nationally representative household survey. What can be done to improve birth registration rates? This paper relies on a simple approach to measure how solving various obstacles to birth registration faced by parents could help increase birth registration rates. Controlling for other factors affecting birth registrations, the analysis relies on local-level reasons declared by households for not registering their children. The estimation method provides measures of potential gains in birth registration rates from different actions, including providing services closer to where households live, improving household knowledge about the fact that birth registration is both mandatory and beneficial for children, and reducing the out-of-pocket costs of birth registration. The analysis remains exploratory, but it provides hopefully useful insights about the likely benefits that could be derived from various policies utilized for increasing rates of birth registrations.
Seismic modeling and expression of common fold-thrust structures
Authors: Li Jianjun , Mitra Shankar
Published: October 2019

We have conducted seismic modeling of common fold-thrust structures to understand the common geologic parameters influencing seismic data and to understand the common pitfalls associated with interpreting prestack time migration (PSTM) and prestack depth migration (PSDM) data. Mode 1 fault-bend folds are generally well-imaged in PSTM data, provided the correct migration velocities are used for the dipping back and front limbs. Seismic pull-ups of the footwall related to lateral velocity variations can result in problems in interpreting the fault geometry and the subthrust area underlying the crest. Fault-tip fault-propagation folds also show significant footwall pull-ups and show poor to no imaging of the steep front limbs. The geometry of trishear fault-propagation folds is dependent on the maximum slip on the fault (S) and the fault propagation to slip ratio (P/S ratio). We found that the slip has a strong influence on the dip of the front limb and therefore the quality of imaging whereas the P/S ratio, which controls the degree of folding versus thrust faulting, has only a secondary effect. For the front limb, only the area near the synclinal axial plan is well-imaged, so that the fault geometry and extent of propagation are typically difficult to interpret. The front limb dips are also sensitive to the accuracy of the rms velocity model used for migration. Lower velocities result in steeper dipping reflectors, whereas higher velocities result in shallower dips. In general, PSDM provides better imaging of the structures; however, the accuracy and quality of the image are dependent on the velocity models and interpretation derived from the PSTM data.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients With Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated in the HD7 to HD15 Trials: A Report From the German Hodgkin Study Group
Authors: Eichenauer Dennis A. , Plütschow Annette , Fuchs Michael , Sasse Stephanie , Baues Christian , Böll Boris , von Tresckow Bastian , Diehl Volker , Borchmann Peter , Engert Andreas
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE

The optimal treatment of newly diagnosed nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is ill defined. We therefore conducted a retrospective analysis using the database of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The long-term course of 471 patients with NLPHL (early stages, n = 251; intermediate stages, n = 76; advanced stages, n = 144) who had received stage-adapted first-line treatment in the randomized GHSG HD7 to HD15 studies was investigated. Treatment consisted of radiotherapy alone, chemotherapy alone, or combined-modality approaches.

RESULTS

The median age at NLPHL diagnosis was 39 years (range, 16 to 75 years). Patients were mostly male (75.8%). The median observation time was 9.2 years. At 10 years, progression-free survival and overall survival estimates were 75.5% and 92.1% (early stages, 79.7% and 93.3%; intermediate stages, 72.1% and 96.2%; advanced stages, 69.8% and 87.4%), respectively. A total of 48 patients (10.2%) developed a second malignancy during follow-up (non-Hodgkin lymphoma, n = 13; leukemia, n = 6; solid tumor, n = 25; unspecified malignancy, n = 4). Death occurred in 43 patients (9.1%). However, only a minority of deaths were NLPHL related (n = 10), whereas second malignancies (n = 20) and nonmalignant conditions possibly associated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy (n = 13) caused the death in the majority of patients.

CONCLUSION

The overall outcome of patients with NLPHL who had received Hodgkin lymphoma–directed first-line treatment in randomized GHSG trial protocols was good. Nonetheless, treatment optimization is still necessary to reduce toxicity in standard-risk patients and to improve the prognosis in high-risk patients.
Characteristics of Dexmedetomidine Postconditioning in the Field of Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Bunte Sebastian , Behmenburg Friederike , Majewski Nicole , Stroethoff Martin , Raupach Annika , Mathes Alexander , Heinen André , Hollmann Markus W. , Huhn Ragnar
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND:

Timing and onset of myocardial ischemia are mostly unpredictable. Therefore, postconditioning could be an effective cardioprotective intervention. Because ischemic postconditioning is an invasive and not practicable treatment, pharmacological postconditioning would be a more suitable alternative cardioprotective measure. For the α2-adrenoreceptor agonist, dexmedetomidine postconditioning has been shown. However, data on a concentration-dependent effect of dexmedetomidine are lacking. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the time point and/or duration of dexmedetomidine administration in the reperfusion period is of relevance. We set out to determine whether infarct size reduction by dexmedetomidine is concentration dependent and whether time point and/or duration of dexmedetomidine application has an impact on the effect size of cardio protection.

METHODS:

Hearts of male Wistar rats were randomized and placed on a Langendorff system perfused with Krebs–Henseleit buffer at a constant pressure of 80 mm Hg. All hearts were subjected to 33 minutes of global ischemia and 60 minutes of reperfusion. In part I of the study, a concentration–response effect was determined by perfusing hearts with various concentrations of dexmedetomidine (0.3–100 nM) at the onset of reperfusion. Based on these results, part II of the study was conducted with 3 nM dexmedetomidine. Application of dexmedetomidine started directly at the onset of reperfusion (Dex60) and 15 minutes (Dex15), 30 minutes (Dex30), or 45 minutes (Dex45) after the start of reperfusion and lasted always until the end of the reperfusion period. Infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.

RESULTS:

In part I, infarct size in control (Con) hearts was 62% ± 4%. Three-nanometer dexmedetomidine was the lowest most effective cardioprotective concentration and reduced infarct size to 24% ± 7% (P < .0001 versus Con). Higher concentrations did not confer stronger protection. Infarct size in control hearts from part II was 66% ± 6%. Different starting times and/or durations of application resulted in similar infarct size reduction (all P < .0001 versus Con).

CONCLUSIONS:

Postconditioning by dexmedetomidine is concentration dependent in ranges between 0.3 and 3 nM. Increased concentrations above 3 nM do not further enhance this cardioprotective effect. This cardioprotective effect is independent of time point and length of application in the reperfusion period.
Culling Archival Collections in the Koryŏ-Chosŏn Transition
Authors: Reynolds Graeme R.
Published: October 2019

This article examines the inheritance and culling of government archival collections in the first few decades of the Chosŏn dynasty (1392–1910). After describing some features of Chosŏn archival practice, it provides an overview of Koryŏ (918–1392) archival institutions that the Chosŏn inherited before analyzing the various acts of culling focusing on a variety of different archival collections. By updating poorly maintained and damaged household, military, and slave registers, compiling old records for both practical (legal, military, or geomantic) and historical purposes, as well as by eliminating problematic materials, the early Chosŏn court symbolically proclaimed its rule, created new monuments of memory through the emphasis of certain records over others, and broke with the past through the destruction of documents that supported the old system. A related change in archival practice took place, as new a precedent in compiling the Veritable Records soon after the death of a king allowed for greater control over archival procedures and memory-making.
The Late Chosŏn Korean Catholic Archives: Documenting this World and the Next
Authors: Rausch Franklin
Published: October 2019

Archives typically consist of documents created for this-worldly purposes, such as government census records. In contrast, the Korean Catholic archives consist of documents created primarily for the purposes of salvation (documents such as prayer books and lives of the saints) or for sainthood (documents showing that a particular person died a martyr). Moreover, many of these documents were international collaborations produced by Korean Catholics and foreign missionaries, who at times even utilized sources created by the government that persecuted them. Many documents were sent to Europe, enabling them to survive anti-Catholic persecution and making Europe the center of Korean Catholic archives. However, beginning in the 1960s, institutions based on the peninsula, such as the Research Foundation of Korean Church History, worked to make Korea itself a center of archives and knowledge production. In so doing, Korean Catholics sought to make these materials available to non-Catholic audiences and follow secular standards of the historical profession while trying to develop an authentically Catholic way of understanding their history. This article will trace this history and also act as introduction to these archives for scholars interested in utilizing them.
Species and tissue specific differences in ROS metabolism to hypoxia- and hyperoxia-recovery exposure in marine sculpins
Authors: Lau G. Y. , Arndt S. , Murphy M. P. , Richards J. G.
Published: October 2019

Animals that inhabit environments that fluctuate in oxygen must not only contend with disruptions to aerobic metabolism, but also the potential effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The goal of this study was to compare aspects of ROS metabolism in response to O2 variability (6 hr hypoxia or hyperoxia, with subsequent normoxic recovery) in two species of intertidal sculpin fishes (Cottidae, Actinopterygii) that can experience O2 fluctuations in their natural environment and differ in whole animal hypoxia tolerance. To assess ROS metabolism, we measured the ratio of glutathione and glutathione disulfide as an indicator of tissue redox environment, MitoP/MitoB ratio to assess in vivo mitochondrial ROS generation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) for lipid peroxidation, and total oxidative scavenging capacity (TOSC) in the liver, brain, and gill. In the brain, the more hypoxia tolerant O. maculosus showed large increases in TBARS levels following hypoxia and hyperoxia exposure that were generally not associated with large changes in mitochondrial H2O2. In contrast, the less-tolerant S. marmoratus showed no significant changes in TBARS or mitochondrial H2O2 in the brain. More moderate responses were observed in the liver and gill of O. maculosus exposed to hypoxia and hyperoxia with normoxic recovery, whereas S. marmoratus showed more responses to O2 variability in these tissues. Our results show that the relationship between hypoxia tolerance and ROS metabolism is species and tissue specific.
Prediction of cell position using single-cell transcriptomic data: an iterative procedure
Authors: Alonso Andrés M. , Carrea Alejandra , Diambra Luis
Published: October 2019

Single-cell sequencing reveals cellular heterogeneity but not cell localization. However, by combining single-cell transcriptomic data with a reference atlas of a small set of genes, it would be possible to predict the position of individual cells and reconstruct the spatial expression profile of thousands of genes reported in the single-cell study. To develop new algorithms for this purpose, the Dialogue for Reverse Engineering Assessments and Methods (DREAM) consortium organized a crowd-sourced competition known as DREAM Single Cell Transcriptomics Challenge (SCTC). In the spirit of this framework, we describe here the proposed procedures for adequate reference genes selection, and an iterative procedure to predict spatial expression profile of other genes.
Management of public healthcare facilities in the Philippines: issues and concerns
Authors: Dela Cruz Ramiro Z , Ortega-Dela Cruz Ruth A
Published: October 2019

Background/Aims

Public hospitals are the primary means of healthcare delivery in developing countries. Given the pressing need for efficient health services, it is imperative to know the extent to which a country's public healthcare institutions meet an ever increasing public demand. This study aimed to assess the state of hospital facilities among public health care institutions in a developing country.

Methods

Descriptive research methods were used, including needs analysis along with management and client satisfaction surveys, in order to analyse information on issues that related to the management of hospital facilities in the Philippines. Various members of the hospital community were selected to assess different aspects of hospital management.

Results

The results of this study show that most concerns stemmed from the lack of financial resources, materials, equipment and technological innovations; insufficient knowledge, skills and human resources; and problems that related to processes and methodologies.

Conclusions

Public hospitals are in dire need of facility upkeep to maintain their operations. This has become a more pressing concern because of the very limited resources at the disposal of public hospitals. This study also highlighted the crucial role played by the national government in finding effective and efficient ways to address these issues and concerns to ensure successful delivery of healthcare services in the country.
Socioeconomic and clinical risk factors of hip fracture among the elderly: a case-control study
Authors: Zacharopoulou Georgia , Zacharopoulou Vasiliki , Voudouri Eleni , Leondiou Lili , Dermatis Zacharias
Published: October 2019

Background/Aims

The aim of the study was to investigate the socioeconomic and clinical risk factors for hip fracture among a community-dwelling elderly population in Greece. It also aimed to identify characteristics associated with reducing mobility.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted on 202 patients who had a hip fracture and on 202 other members of the elderly population who did not have a hip fracture as the control group.

Results

In the multivariate analysis, the variables related to an increased risk of hip fracture were: gender (odds ration [OR]=10.88; 95%confidence Interval [CI]=2.28–51.98), income (OR=32.50; 95%CI=2.96–356.43), income adequacy (OR=129,34; 95%CI=7,09–2360,88), inability to pay expenses/medication (OR=0.02; 95%CI=0.003–0.09), depression (OR=0.03; 95%CI=0.002–0.35), multimorbidity (OR=0.01; 95%CI=0.001–0.97), number of medication (OR=0.02; 95%CI=0.001–0.28) and history of falls (OR=0.08; 95%CI=0.01–0.40). Factors related to deterioration of mobility were: age (OR=28.43; 95%CI:5.45–148.32), dementia (OR=15.60; 95%CI:1.80–135.27), walking ability (OR=0.20; 95%CI:0.07–0.56), balance (OR=9.10; 95%CI:1.89–43.75), use of walking aid (OR=7.42; 95%CI:2.70–20.39), and length of hospitalisation (OR=3.01; 95%CI:1.27–7.14).

Conclusions

Socioeconomic and clinical factors that lead to an increased risk of hip fracture were identified, as well as factors affecting post-operative functional ability that could guide prevention programmes.
Tetela amulets: Re-interpreting a medical anthropology collection as a fashion benchmark
Authors: Akou Heather Marie
Published: October 2019

In the 1920s and 1930s, missionaries and colonial officials in equatorial Africa collected thousands of amulets – devices worn on the body that were made locally for protection and healing (spiritual and/or physical). One of these collections – assembled in the 1920s by an American pseudo-missionary, Major John White – is now held at the Mathers Museum of World Cultures at Indiana University, which accepted the amulets and other artefacts used by the Tetela people as an example of ‘medical anthropology’. Although they were not made as ‘fashion’ (or even as art), I argue that they can be viewed as a style of dress specific to a time and place and thus as fashion. Like fashions in clothing, individual amulets can be shown to have similarities in their form and symbolic meaning, which can be expected to change over time. I propose looking at this collection of amulets as a ‘fashion benchmark’ in the history of Tetela dress, calling for further research and seeking to push the boundaries on our conception of fashion, making it less focused on the ‘fashion industry’ and more inclusive of slower-changing styles of dress, minority cultures, and non-western cultures.
Teoria da Subjetividade e educação: entrevista com Fernando González Rey
Authors: González Rey Fernando Luis , Goulart Daniel Magalhães
Published: October 2019

Esta entrevista aborda o tema da educação, tendo como fio condutor a formação e a trajetória intelectual do autor da Teoria da Subjetividade em uma abordagem cultural-histórica, Fernando González Rey. Mais que uma entrevista convencional, tratou-se de um diálogo, que aborda a riqueza e a densidade do pensamento vivo do autor. Por meio de sua perspectiva da subjetividade, a educação encontra-se permanentemente articulada à geração de relações e espaços sociais voltados ao desenvolvimento subjetivo. Indivíduos, grupos sociais e instituições articulam-se complexamente na organização dos processos educativos, que se encontram, por um lado, indissociados da história e da cultura e, por outro, voltados para a construção do porvir.
Uma história da presença de Paulo Freire e dos círculos de cultura no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Dalsotto Mariana Parise Brandalise
Published: October 2019

O presente texto é um recorte de uma pesquisa de doutorado cuja intenção é compreender a organização dos círculos de cultura no Rio Grande do Sul. Eles fizeram parte do movimento de educação popular fundamentado e proposto por Paulo Freire, realizado no Brasil no início dos anos 1960. Para abordar o tema, foram mobilizados jornais da época, investigados sob a perspectiva da análise documental histórica. O movimento (que alfabetizava visando conscientização e, por isso, se diferenciava das práticas que eram realizadas nas escolas, quando foi inicialmente pensado) ocorreu no Rio Grande do Sul após experiências positivas no nordeste. Em virtude disso, este texto busca citar alguns aspectos considerados principais do pensamento freireano que fundamentam os círculos de cultura e os definem como um movimento de educação popular, apresentando indícios que confirmam sua realização no Rio Grande do Sul
Extensão ou educação?
Authors: Schönardie Paulo Alfredo
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as práticas de extensão rural a partir dos conceitos de campesinato, de educação do campo, dos paradigmas agrários da modernização e da recampesinização, da prática de Tschajanow e do pensamento de Freire, indicando caminhos de busca por um modelo de extensão rural enraizado na perspectiva pedagógica da educação dialógica do campo. A extensão rural é uma realidade histórica, que se apresenta como um processo educativo. Historicamente as práticas da extensão rural tomaram duas direções distintas: como instrumento educativo impositivo e domesticador protagonizado pela modernização da agricultura, ou como modelo dialógico libertador, pelo protagonismo do campesinato. Metodologicamente a reflexão é apresentada em forma de estudo teórico, embasado, de forma geral, nas práticas históricas de extensão rural. Conclusivamente, se observa que praticando a extensão rural de forma dialógica, a condição camponesa se afirma
Educação de jovens e adultos
Authors: Souza Tiago Zanquêta de , Chaves Fátima Garcia
Published: October 2019

Este artigo é produto do subprojeto intitulado “Concepções e práticas interdisciplinares na Educação de Jovens e Adultos – EJA”, vinculado ao projeto guarda-chuva “Perspectivas interdisciplinares na educação”. A abordagem é qualitativa, ancorada a um aparato teórico-documental atrelado ao campo pesquisado. Para a leitura e interpretação das leis e textos selecionados, optou-se pela hermenêutica fenomenológica. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma reflexão teórico-metodológica a partir de alguns documentos legais acerca da EJA, no Brasil, e também acerca das propostas pedagógico-curriculares e dos conteúdos que a estruturam, imbricados ao processo ensino-aprendizagem, fundamentado em uma proposta pedagógica libertadora, humanizadora e emancipatória. Espera-se, com esse trabalho, que se possa fortalecer a criação de práticas humanizadoras, por meio dos Círculos de Cultura, centrados na igualdade de participações livres e autônomas com a finalidade de formar sujeitos igualmente autônomos, críticos, criativos, conscientes e solidariamente dispostos a transformarem a si-mesmos, as relações que estabelecem entre si e o meio em que vivem, e as estruturas da vida social, rompendo com a desumanização em curso e exigindo uma tomada de posição perante a exclusão e a opressão cotidianamente vivenciados.
Educação de Jovens e Adultos sob a perspectiva da Pedagogia Social
Authors: Guillen Hurtado Antonio Paulo , Freitas Carlos Cesar Garcia , Hurtado Karine de Paula Ramos
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo analisou a relação entre os fenômenos Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) e Pedagogia Social (PS). A partir de suas trajetórias históricas, foram discutidas as contribuições de cada uma delas, evidenciando-se o potencial de um trabalho conjunto. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma metodologia que abrangeu uma pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa e bibliográfica, buscando apresentar de forma teórico-empírica, como a PS pode colaborar com a EJA. O estudo de metodologias e práticas pedagógicas pela Pedagogia Social contribui no sentido de oferecer um instrumental para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos que permite maior eficiência no aprendizado. Os resultados evidenciados no referencial teórico e no caso analisado levam a considerar que a EJA é uma educação diferenciada, com características próprias e diversificada, e a PS, por sua vez, atua como articuladora da prática com as teorias da ciência da educação, que possibilitam ao indivíduo uma formação integral, capaz de promover a dignidade da pessoa humana
Programas federais de alfabetização de jovens e adultos
Authors: Teixeira Claudia de Souza , Guimarães Elaine de Araújo
Published: October 2019

Este artigo objetiva apresentar algumas reflexões sobre programas federais de alfabetização de jovens e adultos, desenvolvidos nos últimos cinquenta anos no Brasil, a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.  Para tanto, apresenta um breve histórico desses programas e evidencia seus principais objetivos, estratégias e problemas. Considerou-se, na análise, que as propostas metodológicas educacionais voltadas para esse público poderiam ser mais exitosas se ideias de Paulo Freire fossem levadas em conta. O estudo baseou-se em trabalhos sobre a alfabetização de jovens e adultos e sobre os programas de alfabetização analisados, além de documentos e notícias de órgãos governamentais.  Concluiu-se que os programas federais em questão não atingiram seus objetivos, em especial, porque houve descontinuidade nas políticas públicas educacionais e falta de efetivo compromisso de muitos gestores públicos com a alfabetização de jovens e adultos. Também foi observada a adoção de estratégias pedagógicas inadequadas, mesmo quando se previa a interação com ideias de Freire.
Perceiving Cultural Heritage
Authors: Bergamasco Massimo , Gianni Falvo Perla , Valeri Manera Giovanni
Published: October 2019

Over the years, we have undertaken research projects in the field of cultural heritage perception, trying to analyze the response of the human cognitive system when immersed in Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality or other multimedia supports. Our goal has been to study how to improve design exhibition, utilizing these technologies in museums and cultural heritage sites and to study alternative ways to promote human development through deeper contact with art.
Low-Cost Transmitarray Antenna Designs in V-Band based on Unit-Cells with 1 Bit Phase Resolution
Authors: Frank Martin , Scheiner Benedict , Lurz Fabian , Weigel Robert , Koelpin Alexander
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the design and characterization of linearly polarized low-cost transmitarray antennas with ± 70° azimuth beamforming range in V-band in order to add beam steering functionality to existing radar front ends. The transmitarray antennas are composed of 13 × 13 planar unit-cells. The unit-cells consist of two layers of RO4350B laminate and provide a one bit phase resolution. The desired unit-cell behavior has been validated by simulations and measurements. Eight transmitarrays with different phase distributions have been designed and fabricated to realize different beam steering angles in azimuth. The experimental characterization of the radiation patterns shows the desired performance in the frequency range from 59 GHz to 63 GHz. Additionally, steering angle combinations in azimuth and elevation up to 40° have been realized and successfully demonstrate by measuring the 2D radiation pattern.
Crystal structure of di(naphthalen-2-yl)sulfane, C20H14S
Authors: Ma Wen , Li Pu-Bo , Liang Sen
Published: October 2019

C20H14S, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 31.155(3) Å, b = 5.8419(6) Å, c = 7.7505(8) Å, β = 94.664(4)°, V = 1405.9(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0480, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1352, T = 193(2) K.
Evaluation of percentage recovery together with modified reference range in hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Dirican Melahat , Açıkgöz Hacer Ebru , Sarandöl Emre
Published: October 2019

Objective

Macroprolactinemia is an important cause of hyperprolactinemia. The aim of this study was to examine the added value of the consideration of modified reference range in determination of macroprolactinemia and true hyperprolactinemia.

Materials and methods

Three hundred and ninety patients with high and 131 with normal prolactin (PRL) levels were included in this study. PRL had been analyzed before and after polyethylene glycol precipitation (post-PEG PRL). Recovery percentage (R%) <40% and >60% had been reported as macroprolactinemia and true hyperprolactinemia, respectively. Post-PEG PRL levels were evaluated according to the modified reference range obtained from those of the normoprolactinemic subjects.

Results

According to the R% criterion; macroprolactinemia had been detected in 24.9% and true hyperprolactinemia in 67.4% of hyperprolactinemic patients. When the data were evaluated considering the post-PEG PRL levels according to the modified reference range; 13 (13.4%) of the 97 macroprolactinemia reports would be considered as true hyperprolactinemia and 6 (2.3%) of the 263 true hyperprolactinemia reports would be changed as macroprolactinemia.

Conclusion

Discrimination capacity of R% criterion for true hyperprolactinemia and macroprolactinemia is limited, and we suggest that, in accordance with R% criterion, laboratory reports should include the post-PEG PRL levels along with the modified reference range.
Mechanistic Study on Surface Tension of Binary and Ternary Mixtures Containing Choline Chloride, Ethylene Glycol and Water (Components of Aqueous Solutions of a Deep Eutectic Solvent, Ethaline)
Authors: Rublova Yelyzaveta , Kityk Anna , Danilov Felix , Protsenko Vyacheslav
Published: October 2019

The paper reports the results of the measurement of surface tension in binary liquid mixtures containing choline chloride, ethylene glycol and water and ternary mixtures of ethaline (a eutectic mixture of ethylene glycol and choline chloride, the so-called deep eutectic solvent) with water. The surface tension is determined in a wide range of components’ concentration for the temperatures of 25, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 °C. The dependences of surface tension on the concentration of liquids are treated by means of Gibbs adsorption isotherm and linear form of Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The values of the equilibrium constant of adsorption at the interface liquid solution/air as well as the standard adsorption Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy are calculated for the binary and ternary mixtures under consideration. The obtained results are interpreted in the light of intermolecular interactions in fluids. Our findings show that ethylene glycol and choline cation interact with each other in the adsorbed surface layer formed at the interface between air and diluted solutions of ethaline.
Variación morfológica en el género Astraeus (Boletales, Basidiomycota) en relación con las condiciones climáticas y geográficas en las islas de montaña de Chihuahua y Sonora, México
Authors: Valero Galván José , Botello-Camacho Alejandro , González-Fernández Raquel , Pérez-Calderón José Ricardo
Published: October 2019

Las islas de montaña se caracterizan porque las condiciones climáticas y la altitud media sobre el nivel del mar difieren significativamente de las encontradas en las planicies intermedias. Este fenómeno condiciona a que ciertas especies se distribuyan en las partes más altas de las montañas, lo que limita el flujo genético entre las poblaciones, donde las planicies desérticas actúan como barreras geográficas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la variación morfológica en el género Astraeus en islas de montaña de los estados de Chihuahua y Sonora. Los especímenes se recolectaron de ocho localidades, registrando datos geográficos de cada uno de los sitios. Se realizó la medición del número de lacinias, diámetro de exoperidio, endoperidio y esporas de cada individuo. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron a través de un análisis de varianza y de agrupamiento jerárquico. Este análisis permitió una fuerte relación entre las poblaciones de La escondida y La Boquilla con las de Norogachi y Cueva de la Olla, las cuales mostraron una tendencia a agruparse en el mismo grupo. En caso contrario, las poblaciones de la sierra La Amargosa y San Luis mostraron una fuerte relación con las de Cananea y Sierra Peñascos, las cuales fueron filogenéticamente las más relacionadas. Se encontró una correlación entre la latitud geográfica y el número de lacinias y una correlación entre el diámetro de endoperidio y la precipitación mínima del mes más seco.
Adoquinando el camino para la detección de Materia oscura
Authors: Reyes Santos Marco Antonio , Estrada Juan
Published: October 2019

Para poder detectar Materia Oscura (DM, por sus siglas en inglés), científicos de la Colaboración DAMIC (Dark Matter In CCDs) han puesto un arreglo experimental de dispositivos de carga acoplada (CCDs, por sus siglas en inglés) en una mina subterránea de niquel, y han desarrollado todas las herramientas necesarias para discernir entre las trazas que pudieran dejar en ellos partículas de materia convencional, para comparar con las que podrían ser encontradas si una partícula de DM atravesara al arreglo de CCDs. Con el objeto de calibrar las señales de los CCDs, también han desarrollado experimentos para cuantificar las interacciones neutrón-silicio, suponiendo que los neutrones pueden imitar las interacciones de DM en los CCDs. Aquí presentamos resultados preliminares del análisis efectuado.
Niveles locales de marcadores de inflamación en fluido crevicular gingival en diabéticos tipo 2 de recién diagnóstico con periodontitis crónica
Authors: Almaguer García Sandra Estefanía , Fajardo Araujo Martha Eugenia , Rocha Navarro Miriam Lucía , Fafutis Morris Mary , Díaz Aguirre Juan Pablo , García Gallardo Sandra Laura
Published: October 2019

El sistema inmune del sujeto diabético sufre alteraciones debido a la enfermedad, repercutiendo en los tejidos periodontales. El objetivo fue evaluar los marcadores de inflamación de interleucina (IL)-2, IL-6 e IL-8 en fluido crevicular gingival de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2). Los participantes se agruparon en cuatro grupos: 1) sanos (n = 20), 2) con periodontitis (PCM, n = 20), 3) con diabetes ≤1 año y periodontitis (DMT2≤1+PCM, n = 20) y 4) con diabetes de ≥10 años con periodontitis (DMT2≥10+PCM, n = 20). Los marcadores se cuantificaron por citometría de flujo. Como resultado, el grupo de DMT2≥10+PCM mostró niveles mayores de IL-2 con relación a los demás grupos, al igual que niveles elevados de IL-6 con respecto del PCM. Los niveles de IL-8 resultaron mayores en el grupo de sanos frente a los demás grupos. Se concluye que los sujetos con DMT2≥10+PCM mostraron una respuesta inmune adaptativa-destructiva del tejido periodontal en comparación con DMT2≤1+PCM que muestran una alteración inmunológica.
Marcadores genéticos relacionados con el desarrollo de síndrome metabólico y riesgo de enfermedad coronaria cardiaca
Authors: Flores-Alfaro Eugenia , Cruz-López Miguel , Alarcón-Romero Luz del Carmen , Moreno-Godínez María Elena , Del Moral-Hernández Oscar , Vences-Velázquez Amalia , Ortuño-Pineda Carlos , Leyva-Vázquez Marco Antonio , Tello-Flores Vianet Argelia , Cahua-Pablo José Ángel , Antúnez-Ortiz Diana Lizzete , Méndez-Palacios Abigail , Valladares-Salgado Adán
Published: October 2019

Variantes genéticas se han relacionado con enfermedades de rasgos complejos y factores de riesgo asociados a éstas. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre diversos polimorfismos de un solo nucleótido (SNP, por sus siglas en inglés) con el síndrome metabólico (SM) y con el índice aterogénico de plasma (IAP). Se estudiaron mujeres guerrerenses, a quienes se les realizaron mediciones somatométricas, biomarcadores sanguíneos y se identificaron SNP en siete genes por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR, por sus siglas en inglés) en tiempo real. Se observó disminución de adiponectina en mujeres con SM y con el mayor riesgo aterogénico, y se encontraron asociaciones entre apoproteina E (APOE) con niveles elevados de lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL, por sus siglas en inglés) y triglicéridos, del SNP rs1501299 con el IAP, de los genotipos AA/rs708272 y GG/rs1884051, con los niveles altos de LDL, y del genotipo AA/rs854560 con LDL y con la actividad paraoxonasa. Los resultados indican que biomarcadores sanguíneos y genéticos pudiesen estar implicados en alteraciones metabólicas y, por tanto, incrementar el riesgo individual del desarrollo de enfermedades.
Efecto de diferentes agentes químicos en la formación de Nε-carboximetil-lisina utilizando el ácido glioxílico, un metabolito universal asociado con el desarrollo y progreso de la diabetes
Authors: Jaramillo Ortiz Sarahí , Wrobel Katarzyna , Wrobel Kazimierz , Corrales Escobosa Alma Rosa , Wrobel Katarzyna
Published: October 2019

Se presenta un estudio del efecto de diferentes tioles y iones metálicos en la formación de Nε-carboximetil-lisina (CML), utilizando el ácido glioxílico como agente glicante y la N(2)-benciloxicarbonil-L-lisina (Z-lys-OH) o albúmina de suero humano como blancos de glicación. Se ha confirmado, mediante el análisis cromatográfico, la formación de Z-CML en cada una de las mezclas, y se observó que los tioles inhiben la reacción en el orden: HCys>LCys>GSH>ACys. El efecto inhibidor se detectó también en presencia de Zn(II), mientras que para Cu(II) los resultados no fueron concluyentes. La adición simultánea de acetilcisteína (ACys) o glutatión (GSH) y Zn(II) resultó en un aumento del efecto inhibidor observado para cada uno de ellos por separado. Estos resultados sugieren un nuevo mecanismo de acción de tioles en el contexto de la formación de los productos finales de glicación avanzada (AGEs, por sus siglas en inglés).
Utilidad de la prueba de equilibrio peritoneal (PET) por volumen para estimar el tipo de peritoneo en los niños con diálisis peritoneal crónica
Authors: Dubey Ortega Luis Antonio , Ramos González Jesús , Dubey Malagón Alejandra , Kornhauser Araujo Carlos , Herrera Castro María del Socorro
Published: October 2019

La prueba de equilibrio peritoneal (PET, por sus siglas en inglés) es el método convencional para conocer la permeabilidad de la membrana peritoneal y prescribir el tratamiento dialítico, identificando el tipo de transporte peritoneal por medio del volumen de drenado y la ultrafiltración neta. Para ello, se estudiaron 33 pacientes menores de 16 años con insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC), mediante PET estándar y por volumen drenado. El resultado será que en la PET el volumen promedio infundido fue de 1470 ml ± 450 ml, el drenado de 1720 ml ± 545.2 ml y el ultrafiltrado (UF) neto de 249.4 ml ± 147 ml. Con base en el UF neto y al índice de diálisis y en plasma (D/P) creatinina, el 45% al 36% tuvieron un transporte peritoneal alto. La UF durante el PET de 4 h fue de 275.8 ml ± 126.8 ml. El UF neto de la PET y la estancia de 4 h correlacionaron significativamente (p < 0.05). Se concluye que, de acuerdo con el volumen de drenado, es posible conocer las características de transporte del peritoneo.
Inducción de inmunotolerancia sistémica como estrategia preventiva o terapeútica para trastornos degenerativos que cursan con inflamación crónica
Authors: Pelayo Gómez Ana Laura , Talavera Carrillo Diana Karina , Martínez Alcantar Lorena , Marcelino Secundino Jorge , Pineda Salazar Jonhatan Uriel , Fuentes Farías Alma Lilia , Meléndez Herrera Esperanza
Published: October 2019

El ojo es capaz de regular la respuesta inflamatoria activando una forma de tolerancia específica y sistémica para antígenos que son inoculados en su interior. Esta capacidad puede ser aprovechada para modular la respuesta inflamatoria en enfermedades degenerativas. Sin embargo, se desconoce el tiempo de permanencia de la inmunotolerancia y si ésta depende de la edad de inducción. El objetivo es evaluar la permanencia de inmuno-tolerancia a albúmina de suero bovino (BSA, por sus siglas en inglés). Inoculamos BSA en la cámara anterior del ojo de ratas juveniles y adultas. Estos animales fueron posteriormente inmunizados con BSA para evaluar la inmunotolerancia sistémica y específica al antígeno a lo largo del tiempo. El resultado fue que tanto ratas juveniles como adultas fueron tolerizadas a BSA (t(5):3.102, p < 0.05; t(8):3.278, p < 0.001) y este estado se mantuvo al menos hasta los cinco meses posinducción en ratas juveniles (t(7):11.704, p < 0.001) y hasta los 4 meses en ratas adultas (t(5):3.278, p < 0.05).
La curcumina incrementa la expresión de PPARγ y disminuye la expresión de TNF-α en corazón de ratón diabético db/db
Authors: Jiménez-Manríquez Lupita , Jiménez-Flores Lizbeth M. , Ramírez-Emiliano Joel , Vázquez Victoriano Pérez
Published: October 2019

La diabetes es una enfermedad metabólica caracterizada por hiperglucemia y resistencia a la insulina. La curcumina, potencial agente antidiabético, regula la expresión génica y diferentes vías de señalización. El objetivo es determinar el efecto de la curcumina sobre la expresión de proliferador peroxisomal gamma (PGC)-1α, proliferador de peroxisomas gamma (PPARγ) y factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF)-α en corazón de ratón diabético db/db. Para ello, se utilizaron tres grupos de ratones (n = 3): silvestres (WT), diabéticos (db/db) y diabéticos tratados con curcumina (db/db+C). La curcumina (0.75%) se administró en la dieta durante ocho semanas. La expresión de las proteínas se determinó por Western blot. Como resultado, la curcumina previno la súbita pérdida de peso en los ratones db/db, pero no tuvo efecto sobre los niveles de glucosa sanguínea. La curcumina incrementó la expresión de PPARγ y disminuyó la expresión de TNF-α en los ratones diabéticos, pero no modificó la expresión de PGC-1α. Se concluye que la curcumina regula la expresión de PPARγ, factor nuclear kappa de los infocitos B (NF-κB), pero no la de PGC-1α.
Función renal en niños con obesidad y síndrome metabólico
Authors: Dubey Ortega Luis Antonio , Ramírez Miramontes Julia Verónica , Dubey Malagón Alejandra , Kornhauser Araujo Carlos , Puga Rosas Ángeles
Published: October 2019

La obesidad en México es un problema de salud pública. El objetivo es evaluar la función renal en niños obesos con y sin síndrome metabólico (SM), en relación con sujetos sanos. Se tomó peso, talla, circunferencia media del brazo (CMB), circunferencia de la cintura (CC), índice de masa corporal (IMC), área de superficie corporal (ASC), tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) (Fórmula de Schwartz), glucosa, creatinina, acido úrico, colesterol total, lipoproteinas de alta densidad (HDL, por sus siglas en inglés), lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL, por sus siglas en inglés), triglicéridos y examen general de orina. De 128 pacientes pediátricos se formaron tres grupos (sanos, obesos con y sin SM), con una edad de 11.04 ± 2.63 años. Los hombres obesos con SM tuvieron aumento significativos de glucosa (p = 0.04) y triglicéridos (p = 0.0033); las mujeres obesas presentaron una elevación significativa de glucosa (p = 0.042) y triglicéridos (p = 0.022). Los dos grupos con obesidad mostraron aumento de la TFG (hiperfiltración), en comparación con los controles sanos. La posible hiperinsulinemia de los pacientes produce hipertrofia e hiperfiltración glomerular. Se concluye que los pacientes obesos con y sin SM tienen alterada la función renal.
Análisis multicriterio para la delimitación de una región árida del centro de México
Authors: Rosas Ávila Joel , García Romero Arturo , López García José , Manzo Delgado Lilia de Lourdes
Published: October 2019

Se aplica el análisis multicriterio a la delimitación de una región de amplio interés hidrológico, biológico y cultural del centro de México, conocida como el Valle del Mezquital, donde la falta de una delimitación de carácter integral ha propiciado ambigüedades en su conceptualización. El análisis multicriterio consistió en una sobreposición ponderada de aspectos estructurales, bioclimáticos, geomorfométricos e históricos; e indicó que el Valle del Mezquital se distingue por relieves de curvatura lineal, modelados sobre rocas volcanoclásticas, condiciones de temperatura y precipitación que denotan un ambiente árido, afín a Prosopis laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) M. C. Johnst; suelos de tipo feozem y vertisol sometidos a riego, además de incluir el 55% de las localidades históricas de la etnia hñahñu. El estudio permitió reconocer aspectos intrínsecos de la región considerados importantes para promover la identidad endógena, favorecer la indicación geográfica y realizar un adecuado manejo y gestión de los recursos naturales en el Valle del Mezquital.
Adsorción del naranja de metilo en solución acuosa sobre hidróxidos dobles laminares
Authors: Ramírez Llamas Laura Alicia , Jacobo Azuara Araceli , Martínez Rosales J. Merced
Published: October 2019

In this paper, layered double hydroxides (LDH) were synthesized and characterized using techniques of Physisorption of Nitrogen, Infrared, Temperature Programmed Desorption, X-Ray Diffraction, TGA and Immersion Microcalorimetry, in order to determine the basic properties of the adsorbent. The methyl orange (MO) is used as a dye and as a result, it is frequently found in effluents from textile industries. The dye adsorption isotherms on LDH were studied as function of pH and temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity of methyl orange on LDH was carried out at pH 5, and the minimum adsorption capacity at pH 11, being 40.2 mg/g and 22.1 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, the suitable temperature to promote the adsorption of methyl orange on LDH was at 25 °C, as at 35 °C shows a significant decrease.