bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Искусственный интеллект как правовая категория и объект правового регулирования
Authors: Сидорова Н.В. , Дулатбеков Н.О. , Кусаинова Л.К.
Published: October 2024

Целью настоящего исследования является анализ «искусственного интеллекта» как правовой категории и объекта правового регулирования, в контексте обсуждения направлений внедрения искусственного интеллекта в юридические процессы, а также в деятельность судебных и правоохранительных органов. Совершенствование цифровых процессов доступности правосудия населению Республики Казахстан является реалиями сегодняшнего дня, однако одним из факторов, препятствующих данным тенденциям, является отсутствие правового сопровождения интеграции искусственного интеллекта в цифровые процессы. Внедрение искусственного интеллекта в цифровую платформу критически важных объектов информационно-коммуникационной инфраструктуры требует правового регулирования. Названные аспекты определяют актуальность настоящего исследования. Методологическая основа работы включает анализ «искусственного интеллекта» на теоретическом уровне посредством совмещения традиционных методов индукции и дедукции, аксиоматического метода, анализа и синтеза доктринальных положений, правовых норм (отечественных и зарубежных в компаративном аспекте), а также правоприменительной практики. Весомая часть исследования посвящена анализу нормативных правовых основ, определяющих юридические предпосылки интеграции искусственного интеллекта в цифровое пространство критически важных объектов, в том числе судебной и правоохранительной деятельности. В рамках проведенного исследования установлено, что «искусственный интеллект» как правовая категория не разработана не только на законодательном уровне, но и недостаточно исследована в теории. Правовое регулирование искусственного интеллекта минимизировано, несмотря на внедрение инструментов искусственного интеллекта в юридические процессы. Результаты проведенного исследования — авторское формулирование правовой категории «искусственный интеллект», обоснование направлений правового регулирования искусственного интеллекта в качестве значимого инструмента цифровизации и информатизации. Основной результат, обоснованный авторами, — формирование фрейма правовых норм об искусственном интеллекте в процессе кодификации законодательства в сфере цифровизации.
Clinicopathological Study of Gastroduodenal Biopsies and Correlate with Endoscopic Findings in Northeast India- One- Year Cross-sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Sarma Usha , Kalita Upasana
Published: October 2024

Background: The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a hollow muscular tube extending from the oral cavity to the anus. Acid peptic disease is among the most common disorders affecting this region globally, caused by an imbalance between acid secretion and gastric mucosal defenses. Endoscopy has enhanced the accuracy and early histologic diagnosis of mucosal lesions. This cross-sectional study examines 100 gastroduodenal biopsies over a one-year period.
Methods: The study categorized histopathological findings from gastro-duodenal biopsies collected via endoscopy and analyzed their correlation with endoscopic results.
Results: Gastroduodenal lesions were more prevalent in males, particularly in the fifth decade of life. Endoscopic findings included 12 normal cases, 31 ulcers, 15 erosions, 4 polyps, and 38 malignancies. Among the 38 malignancies, 10 were premalignant, 23 were diagnosed as gastric carcinoma, and 4 as duodenal carcinoma, demonstrating a strong correlation between endoscopic and histopathological findings.
Conclusion: Endoscopic gastroduodenal biopsies are instrumental in diagnosing both benign and malignant lesions across various age groups and sites. The combination of endoscopy and histopathological analysis provides a powerful diagnostic tool for better patient management.
Colorectal Cancer in Patients Younger than 40 years -Analysis of Clinicopathological Profile and Treatment Pattern
Authors: PS Amogh , Narayanan Geeta S , B Sai Sanmathi , BR Kiran Kumar
Published: October 2024

Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing among young adults. Cancer diagnosis in young adults leads to many challenges due to the impact of the disease on their fertility, career, and life expectancy. In the present study, we investigated the clinicopathological profile of colorectal cancer patients younger than 40 years.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of all the biopsy proven CRC patients were collected over the period of 5 years, from January 2012 to December 2018. Clinicopathological data of patients under the age of 40 years were collected from their medical and pathological reports and analysed.
Results: Out of 729 CRC, a total of 154 (21%) patients of colorectal cancer were younger than 40 years were registered during the study period. Among them, with 94 (61%) being male and 60 females (39%). Most of the patients were 30-35 years (37%) and less than 30 years (36%) age group. Adenocarcinoma was present in 97% patients and signet ring cell carcinoma in 3% patients The most common primary site was rectum (57 %), followed by ascending colon (17 %). Most of the patients presented with stage III (64 %) disease. The liver was the most common site of distant metastasis.
Conclusion: The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing among young adults. Most patients present in a locally advanced and non-metastatic stage and have the potential for curative treatment. Therefore, early detection by screening at a younger age may improve the survival of younger patients. Long term follow-up of these patients will provide insights on Treatment Outcomes.
Considerations Regarding CHSY1 Knockdown and Its Influence on Gene Expression Profiles: A Perspective from Protein Interaction Network Analysis
Authors: Zamanian-Azodi Mona , Ahmadzadeh Alireza , Rezaei Mitra , Robati Reza M
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Knockdown of CHSY1 in ovarian cancer holds promise for monitoring tumorigenesis and the application of targeted therapies.
Method: A comparison was made between microarray datasets of ovarian cancer with and without CHSY1 knockdown to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, the DEGs were analyzed using Cytoscape and its plug-ins. All key genes in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network originated from the expression dataset which exhibiting significant differential expressions.
Result: Particularly PTEN, STAT3, BRCA, CCND1, and HIST1H4I emerged as central hub-bottlenecks within the PPI network following CHSY1 knockdown.
Conclusion: This compilation suggests that the candidate genes and their associated biological processes may have substantial connections to the effects of knockdown, inhibiting some cancer-related genes to prevent cancer progression.
Beyond the Norm: Unraveling Sphenoidal Metastasis in Prostate Cancer – A Rare Encounter
Authors: Sehrawat Amit , Khanna Mridul , Sundriyal Deepak
Published: October 2024

We present a rare case of sphenoidal metastasis in a 58-year-old patient with metastatic prostate cancer, initially presenting with low-volume disease. Despite multimodal treatment, including local and systemic therapies, the patient developed sphenoidal metastasis, an exceptionally uncommon occurrence in prostate cancer. Treatment with local radiotherapy provided significant symptomatic relief. However, subsequently, the disease progressed, and the patient was managed with the best supportive care. This case highlights the importance of considering rare metastatic sites in prostate cancer patients presenting with suggestive symptoms. While mechanisms of bone metastasis are well understood, factors contributing to site-specific metastasis remain elusive. Further research is warranted to elucidate optimal management strategies for such rare metastatic sites and to improve outcomes in advanced prostate cancer patients.
Technology for protecting building envelopes in construction using magnetron sputtering
Authors: Fedosov S. V. , Fedoseev V. N. , Gorberg B. L. , Voronov V. A.
Published: October 2024

The global environmental agenda is aimed at saving energy resources in all areas of human activity. An important condition for energy saving and increasing energy efficiency is the thermal protection of buildings and structures of all types. Currently, when designing and constructing buildings, structurally oriented solutions are needed to provide conditions for the implementation of modern innovative technologies. At the same time, when producing new thermal insulation (heat-protective) materials, it is necessary to take into account such important issues as environmental friendliness and ensuring a comfortable microclimate. Issues of indoor air exchange are extremely important, especially during the spread of new viral infections. Thermal insulation (thermal protection) of buildings must ensure air circulation, that is, be vapor permeable. Polyester material has this property. Modern technologies make it possible to impart heat-reflecting properties to such materials by applying metallized nanolayers or their compounds to their surface. Among the methods for applying such layers, a special place is occupied by the magnetron sputtering method, which is used in the technology of applying protective coatings to the surface of products made from roll and sheet materials. With the development of applied technological research in the chemical industry, many substances (compounds) were invented, some of which gained such popularity that they began to be used in the production of a huge number of materials, including in the construction industry. One of these substances was polyester as a high-molecular compound, which became widely used in many areas of industry. Polyester material is often combined with other man-made or natural fibers. Among them: cotton, linen, wool, polyamide. As a result, we obtain a canvas (materials) with new characteristics, adding new unique properties, such as strength and wear resistance, does not fade in the sun, and does not require special care. Polyester fabric is used for suspended ceilings and in building materials. Its high density of 250 kg per cubic meter allows this to be done. By combining the production of polyester and cotton, the material acquires the properties of breathability, hygroscopicity and low thermal conductivity. The purpose of this article is to describe the technology of the ion-plasma processing method of combined linen materials with possible application in the construction industry.
Features of the architecture of modern residential buildings in the city of Vladimir
Authors: Koop V. A.
Published: October 2024

For the first time, an analytical review of examples of the inclusion of new residential buildings in different time periods from the 1930s to the first quarter of the XXI century in the development of the city of Vladimir is given. One of the most important tasks of modern architecture is to find a practical solution to the theoretical problem of the interaction of tradition and innovation. The study of this problem on the example of historical cities in Russia occupies a special place in the theory of architecture, since a valuable historical and architectural environment needs a delicate approach when integrating new objects into it. The valuable historical buildings of the city of Vladimir mostly consist of stone houses built in the classicism style of the XVIII–XIX centuries, which formed the image of the historical center. However, not only the conscious appeal of architects to historical examples of local architecture served to reflect classicism in the appearance of buildings of subsequent eras, but also political and socio-economic aspects. The peculiarities of environmental adaptation techniques used in the construction of residential buildings by Soviet and Russian architects are noted.
Household Energy Choices and Health Risks: A Socioeconomic Analysis of Rural Women in Tehsil Mirpur
Authors: Jamshaid Fouzia , Nasir Atifa , Farooq Nazim
Published: October 2024

The energy sector plays a vital role in socio-economic development, and this study examines the factors influencing cooking fuel choices and their associated health impacts in rural Tehsil Mirpur, AJK. Using data from 400 households and employing multinomial and binary logistic regressions, the study finds that household income, age, and education of the household head, and the number of children under five are positively linked to using Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). Conversely, household size, gender of the head, and poverty are associated with traditional fuel use. Health outcomes, such as COPD, asthma, and respiratory infections, are inversely related to income, education, and good ventilation. The study suggests government policies focus on increasing access to clean cooking fuels to improve public health.
Four-tract tractography: multiparametric direct targeting of the dentatorubrothalamic tract
Authors: Seas Andreas , Hon Katrina , Chung David , Todd Lynne , Shah Bhavya R. , Lad Shivanand P. , Harward Stephen
Published: October 2024

This video article presents a case study of a 70-year-old male with medically refractory essential tremor treated with magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS). Following an initial successful ablation of the right thalamus, the patient underwent left-sided thalamotomy. After two tractography-guided sonications, the authors observed a significant reduction in his right-hand tremor with no immediate side effects. Postprocedure evaluation revealed sustained tremor reduction with minimal side effects, showcasing bilateral MRgFUS as an effective, noninvasive option for essential tremor management.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2024.7.FOCVID2483
Perinatal Transmission of Dengue in a Neonate: A Case Report
Authors: Chemjong Binita , Amatya Luna , Ghimire Binaya Raj , Dangal Ganesh , Bharati Sonu , Maharjan Sunita
Published: October 2024

Vertical transmission of dengue is rare. However, the rapid rise of dengue infection is a risk in pregnancy which can lead to preterm delivery, low birth weight, stillbirth, miscarriage, neonatal morbidity and mortality. Here, we present a case of perinatal transmission of dengue in a term neonate who presented with fever on second day of life and desaturation without respiratory distress. Laboratory findings showed thrombocytopenia, dengue Ag NS1/IgM positive and treatment was started. There was positive maternal history of dengue 10 days prior to delivery. Hence, early investigations with prompt interventions was done leading to uneventful recovery.
Anatomical Variations in Keystone Area in Nepalese Noses: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gurung Urmila , Dongol Kripa , Rayamajhi Pabina , Kharel Bijaya , Maharjan Leison
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The keystone area, a crucial part of the nasal dorsum that maintains its structural stability, is known to have anatomical variations. This study aimed to evaluate these anatomical variations in Nepalese noses. Methods: This was an observational, analytical study done at a tertiary center after taking ethical approval {208(6-11)E2-077/078}. Thirty-one cadaveric noses consisting of 26 males and five females aged 24 to 70 years were dissected. The shape of the caudal margin and the overlap pattern of the nasal bone over upper lateral cartilage were assessed. The proportion of overlap was calculated. The lengths of the lateral and dorsal keystone and dorsal quadrangular cartilage were measured. Results: The most common shape of the nasal bone caudal margin was curvilinear 15 (48.39%) followed by paramedian retractions 8 (25.81%). Elongated midline was the least commonly seen in 1 (3.23%) female only. The length of the dorsal keystone ranged from 1-12 mm (mean 6.97 ± 2.57) whilst the lateral keystone measured 1-4 mm (mean 2.22± 1.20). The dorsal quadrangular cartilage measured 21 – 39 mm ( mean 29.77± 4.6). The mean overlap proportion was 23.82± 7.33 (11 – 40) %.Conclusions: Anatomical variations in the structural components of the keystone area in Nepalese was seen in this study.
The Position of the General Chapters of the Dominican Brothers Towards the Teaching of St. Thomas Aquinas and the Question of Immaculate Conception
Authors: Nawracała Tomasz
Published: October 2024

The doctrine of Thomas Aquinas was formally adopted as the official teaching of the entire Dominican Order. Throughout the 13th and 14th centuries, general chapters placed significant emphasis on the importance of adhering to Aquinas’ views. They were deemed essential not only to maintain continuity within the orthodox tradition of the Church but also to foster unity within the entire order. Among the topics that sparked debate among medieval theologians was the conception of Mary. While Bernard of Clairvaux and the Dominicans rejected the idea of Mary’s immaculate conception, the Franciscans, led by figures like John Duns Scotus, advocated for it. This article highlights the stance taken by the Dominican general chapters in defence of Thomas’ views. Initially, in the 14th century, there were general indications supporting the maculistic understanding of Mary’s conception, but this stance shifted over time. By the 15th century, the Dominicans were compelled to embrace the immaculistic concept. The delayed promulgation of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of Mary in the mid-19th century underscores the complexity and unresolved nature of theological discussions throughout the medieval period.
The effect of taste perception of locally processed foods on consumer attitudes
Authors: Ercik Cevat , Çoban Ömer
Published: October 2024

In recent years, with the increase in awareness of healthy product consumption, it has been observed that consumers have developed a purchasing intention for local food products. Food businesses are trying to turn their origin, provenance or regionally registered products into an advantage and use it as a means of persuading consumers who are conscious of this. In this context, an experimental design was preferred in the study, and three different chocolate varieties with fillings developed using local products from Mersin province were tasted by 162 participants. Data from the participants were obtained using a questionnaire technique with a scale designed to measure their sensory analysis after the experiment, and then the analysis results obtained using statistical software were interpreted. The differences between local products were examined in the analyses, and independent two-variable t-tests and paired sample t-tests were used to determine the purchasing and recommending intentions of gender. According to the results of the research, the registered origin name (local product) had a positive effect on the purchasing and recommending intentions of the chocolates, and significant differences were found between the chocolates in sensory criteria.
ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ПРОГРАМИ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕМОЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В ПОЧАТКОВІЙ ШКОЛІ: ТЕОРІЯ І ПРАКТИКА
Authors: Гаврілова Людмила , Рисюкова Аліна
Published: October 2024

У статті висвітлено зарубіжний теоретичний і практичний досвід реалізації Міжнародної програми соціально-емоційного (соціального, емоційного та етичного) навчання, актуальність та значущість якої для української педагогіки значно зросла з початком російської воєнної агресії. Дослідження базується на теоретичних методах аналізу, синтезу, узагальнення і класифікації. Авторами проаналізовано значну кількість наукових джерел, виокремлено основні напрями дослідження СЕН (СЕЕН) в європейській та світовій науці (усвідомлення теоретичних аспектів СЕН (СЕЕН); вивчення впливу різних сучасних програм соціально-емоційного навчання на здобувачів освіти, зокрема в початковій освітній ланці; аналіз діагностичного інструментарію та ін.), що дозволяє спрогнозувати можливості використання кращих практик в освіті України.
ПАТРІОТИЧНЕ ВИХОВАННЯ УЧНІВ СТАРШИХ КЛАСІВ: ШЛЯХИ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Цибулько Людмила , Білецький Олексій , Роганов Максим
Published: October 2024

У статі проаналізовано основні проблеми формування почуття патріотизму сучасних школярів старших класів. Базуючись на аналізі державних документів в сфері загальної освіти  останніх років («Стратегія національно-патріотичного виховання дітей та молоді на 2016 — 2020 роки» (2015 р.), «Стратегія національно-патріотичного виховання» (2019 р.), «Концепція національно-патріотичного виховання дітей і молоді» (2015 р.) тощо), було визначено основні завдання (освітні, виховні, розвивальні) щодо розвитку системи патріотичного виховання і побудови міцного підґрунтя для формування громадянської позиції школярів.
У статті також підкреслено виховну роль сімейних цінностей та місцевого матеріалу (історія рідного краю, традиції родини та місцевості). З огляду на важливість такого матеріалу, авторами пропонується наповнення відповідним навчальним і виховним змістом такої навчальної дисципліни, як «краєзнавство».
Акцентується увага на виховному значенні для формування чіткої громадянської позиції на приклади подій і вчинків людей, що відбуваються в рамках боротьби Української Держави з російською агресією.
АКСІОЛОГІЧНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ГУМАНІТАРНОЇ РОБОТИ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Пивоварова Ганна
Published: October 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню аксіологічного потенціалу соціально-гуманітарної роботи закладів вищої освіти. Автор аналізує роль цінностей, сформованих у процесі соціально-гуманітарної роботи вишу, та їх вплив на здобувачів. Виокремлюючи ключові цінності, вироблені в межах соціально-гуманітарної роботи, автор пропонує стратегії для підвищення ефективності цієї діяльності. В статті розглянута соціально-гуманітарна діяльність ЗВО, як специфічна діяльність, свідомо спрямована на підготовку підростаючого покоління до життя відповідно до економічних, політичних, моральних, естетичних та інших цілей суспільства, має значний потенціал у процесі формування культурних цінностей майбутніх вчителів початкової школи з урахуванням таких напрямів: цивільно-патріотичний, професійно-трудовий, духовно-моральний, культурно-масовий. Автор доводить, що соціально-гуманітарна робота вишу має бути спрямована на розуміння ролі цінностей в житті особистості, формування культурних цінностей здобувачів.
ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ ФОРМ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ХОРЕОГРАФІВ В УМОВАХ МАГІСТРАТУРИ
Authors: Лебедик Леся
Published: October 2024

У статті наголошується актуальність проблеми підвищення якості педагогічної і психологічної підготовки майбутніх хореографів в сучасних умовах воєнної агресії. Авторка підкреслює зростання потреби соціуму у максимальному використанні усіх резервів, зокрема, реформування наявних форм психолого-педагогічної підготовки хореографів у закладах вищої освіти.
Проблематика проєктування форм педагогічної підготовки майбутніх хореографів в умовах магістратури аналізується через призму самоорганізаційного і модульного підходів.
Очікуваними результатами проєктування форм педагогічної підготовки майбутніх хореографів з дисципліни «Педагогіка і психологія вищої школи» є: знання функцій, предмету, основних категорій педагогіки і психології вищої школи, основних дидактичних концепцій; розуміння психологічних особливостей діяльності викладача хореографії, структури, характеристики та основних напрямів роботи викладача хореографії; уміння визначати сутність та специфіку навчально-виховної діяльності у закладі освіти та основні напрями діяльності викладача хореографії; володіння загальними та спеціальними засобами, технологіями, методами та прийомами підготовки і проведення лекційних та семінарських занять; уміння реалізовувати різноманітні форми проведення практичних занять та організації самостійної роботи здобувачів освіти з хореографії; знання психологічної характеристики студентства як особливого науково-освітнього середовища; уміння демонструвати практичні уміння і навички, визначати виховні цілі, пов’язані з розвитком професійно важливих якостей особистості студентів; уміння моделювати професійні ситуації; уміння проєктувати і реалізувати професійну самоосвіту з проблем викладання хореографії та дослідно-пошукової діяльності.
Розглядаються вимоги до проєктування таких видів лекцій, як вступна лекція, проблемна лекція, лекція-диспут, лекція із запланованими помилками, а також практичних і залікових занять, самостійної роботи, ділових ігор, конференцій, консультування тощо.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ ЧИТАЦЬКОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ УЧНІВ СТАРШОЇ ШКОЛИ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ВИВЧЕННЯ ТВОРЧОСТІ ПИСЬМЕННИКІВ «ЧЕРВОНОГО РЕНЕСАНСУ»
Authors: Біличенко Ольга , Бондаренко Поліна
Published: October 2024

У статті зроблена спроба розкрити особливості формування читацької компетентності учнів старшої школи. Автори доводять, що читання є специфічною формою комунікативно-пізнавальної діяльності особистості, одним із основних чинників її саморозвитку, тому ефективність читання визначається рівнем сформованості читацької компетентності як пріоритетного компонента загальноосвітньої підготовки школярів і залежить від творів художньої літератури. Автори висвітлюють специфіку технології формування читацької компетентності на прикладі вивчення творів письменників Розстріляного відродження. У межах статті детально зупиняються на теоретичній моделі комунікаційного простору, який визначають як певне середовище формування читацької компетентності, важливим елементом якого виступає модель зовнішньої комунікації літератури. У статті обґрунтовано сутність і класифікаційні параметри технології. Розкрито зміст, структуру та функції творів художньої літератури в комунікаційному просторі.
The Role of Omentin-1 and Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 in Iraqi Patients with Prostate Cancer during Chemotherapy
Authors: Al-qazzaz Ammar , Altaie Anwar F.
Published: October 2024

Background: Omentin-1 is mainly expressed in stromal vascular cells of adipose tissue and can also be expressed in airway goblet cells, mesothelial cells, and vascular cells. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), generated by bone cells, regulates phosphate and vitamin D metabolism by regulating phosphate reabsorption in the kidneys and inhibiting vitamin D activation. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that regulates calcium absorption, bone health, and immunological function. Prostate cancer is a significant health concern for men worldwide. Several studies demonstrated a link between these variables and cancer as they exert important anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti-cancer functions.  
Objectives: To assess the impact of Omentin and FGF-23 biochemical functions, as well as the anti-cancer properties of vitamin D.
Subjects and methods: This is a case-control study on serum samples collected from Iraqi prostate cancer patients after receiving chemotherapy at Al Amal Center in Imam Hussein Medical City in Karbala between November 2022 to May 2023. The serum samples were collected from two groups:  control group consisted of 30 healthy males. Patient group consisted of 30 prostate cancer patients after receiving chemotherapy, both groups aged 45 – 80 years. The two groups were matched for body mass index. ELISA technology was used to estimate serum levels of the aforementioned biochemical parameters with vitamin D.
Results: patient group had a significantly higher FGF-23 level than control group (309.5±41.65) versus (163.1±22.4) (p<0.001). On the other hand, Irisin, Omentin and Vitamin D mean serum concentrations were significantly lower in-patient group (15.2±4.24), (13.8±4.28) and (4.4±0.69) (p<0.001), respectively, compared to control group (60.8±3.5), (38.8±6.59), and (18.9±2.36), respectively. (ROC) curve analysis identified the best AUC values of FGF-23, Omentin, and Vitamin D (0.995, 0.959, 0.937), respectively, which suggests a high level of accuracy.
Conclusions: These parameters may serve as critical indicators for prostate cancer patients and their disease progress. Vitamin D insufficiency is a risk factor for these individuals.
Exploring the Link between Iron Status and Catalase Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Oleiwi Esraa H. , Hussein Saba Z.
Published: October 2024

Background: Catalase is an antioxidant enzyme found in all living organisms that is responsible for the degradation of hydrogen peroxide, a type of harmful compound known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), into harmless oxygen and water. It is necessary for cell protection from ROS-induced oxidative damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) individuals. T2DM is rapidly rising in prevalence worldwide, emerging as a significant public health challenge. It can disrupt iron regulation in the bloodstream, leading to the production of ROS, which can damage the cells.
Objective: To explore the correlation between iron status and catalase activity in T2DM patients, and the possibility of using it as a predictor for the onset and severity of diabetes.
Methods: One hundred and fifty participants were included in the study, comprising 50 healthy volunteers who served as the control group (C) and 100 cases diagnosed with T2DM who were divided into three groups based on the duration of their disease: Group A1 (n=38; < 5 years), A2 (n=37; 5-10 years) and A3 (n=25; >10 years). The participants were recruited from the Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, during the period from October 2022 to the end of January 2023. The study assessed various blood markers in all participants, including Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC), ferritin, transferrin, a saturation of transferrin (S.Trans) and catalase activity (CAT).
Results: Compared to the control group, patients with T2DM showed significantly higher levels of FBG, HbA1c, and ferritin, notably lower levels of iron, TIBC, UIBC, and S.Trans. Interestingly, only the A2 group had significantly lower transferrin levels compared to control. There was a significant decrease in catalase activity across all patient groups. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between iron levels and catalase activity in all patient groups.
Conclusion: Increases in ferritin levels might be a risk factor for developing T2DM. The observed association between lower iron levels and reduced catalase activity in T2DM is intriguing and can serve as a future predictor for the onset and severity of diabetes, warranting further investigation.
عزل وتوصيف المركبات الفينولية في أوراق الجوافة وتقييم النشاط السام للخلايا ضد خلايا سرطان الثدي العراقي
Authors: Enas J.  , Kareem Ashwaq T.
Published: October 2024

لخلفية:الجوافة، هو نبات استوائي غني بالعديد من المكونات الكيميائية النباتية وله العديد من الاستطبابات التقليدية التي حددتها الدراسات السابقة. ينتمي نبات الجوافة إلى الفصيلة الآسية، أفادت العديد من الدراسات السابقة عن نشاط دوائي خاص ضد العديد من خطوط الخلايا السرطانية. الأهداف : تركز هذه الدراسة على عزل المركبات الفينولية من أوراق الجوافة المزروعة حديثاً في العراق وتقييم النشاط السام للخلايا لمستخلص الجوافة ضد خلايا السرطانيه لخلايا سرطان الثدي العراقي وخلايا سرطان الثدي .الطريقة:عملية التحليل تضمنت استخدام كروماتوكرافيا السائل عالي الأداء وعزل المركبات الفينولية بواسطة كروماتوكرافيا السائل عالي الأداء الكمي.النتائج: وقد أثبتت تقنيات العزل فعاليتها في الحصول على عينات نقية من حامض الكافييك واللتيولين و الكامبيفيرول من أسيتات الإيثيل وأجزاء البيوتانول  ، تم تقييم النشاط السام للخلايا لمستخلص الجوافة ، الغني بالفلافونويدات المعزولة، ضد خط خلايا سرطان الثدي العراقي وسرطان الثدي وأظهر جزء أسيتات الإيثيل تأثيرًا سامًا للخلايا بانخفاض في بقاء الخلية (٪) مع تركيز موافق للتثبيط النصفي  ٤١٤.٣ ميكروغرام / مل ضد خلايا سرطان الثدي العراقي وانخفاض في بقاء الخلية (٪) مع تركيز موافق للتثبيط النصفي  ٦٩٨.٣ ميكروغرام / مل ضد خلايا سرطان الثدي. الاستنتاج: قدمت هذه الأساليب التحليلية فهمًا شاملاً للمركبات الفينولية الموجودة في أوراق الجوافة وايظا وضحت امتلاك الجوافة نشاطًا سامًا للخلايا ضد بعض أنواع خلايا السرطان، اعتمادًا على الترك
INNOVATIVE METHODS FOR PROCESSING COPPER ORES IN KAZAKHSTAN: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO ENHANCING THE EFFICIENCY OF VALUABLE COMPONENT EXTRACTION
Authors: Kenzhaliyev Bagdaulet , Koizhanova Aigul , Chepushtanova T.A. , Mukangaliyeva A.O. , Magomedov D.R.
Published: October 2024

This article presents an innovative approach to processing copper ore from one of the deposits in Kazakhstan, aimed at enhancing the efficiency of copper extraction from materials with a complex mineral composition. The described methodology includes several key stages: comprehensive analysis of the ore's material composition, gravity and flotation beneficiation, as well as hydrometallurgical processes. During the study, the ores underwent preliminary preparation, including crushing and grinding to the required fineness. Experiments on gravity and flotation beneficiation demonstrated that optimizing the parameters of these processes significantly increases the yield of copper concentrate. Additionally, sulfuric acid leaching conducted showed high efficiency in extracting copper from the ground ore. The research results confirm that a comprehensive approach to copper ore processing ensures high efficiency in extracting valuable components and opens up prospects for the sustainable and economically viable utilization of complex copper ores
INCLUSION OF AZULENE STRUCTURAL UNITS IN THE BASIS OF CONJUGATED POLYMERS: IMPROVEMENT OF PROTON SENSITIVITY AND FLUORESCENCE
Authors: Merkhatuly N. , Iskanderov A.N. , Abeuova S.B. , Iskanderov A.N. , Zhokizhanova S.K. , Atamkulova N.G.
Published: October 2024

The growing interest in aromatic polymer compounds with an extended π-electron coupling system is explained by their importance as functional materials for organic optoelectronics. At present, much attention is paid to arylated, as well as substituted by electron acceptor and/or electron donor groups, aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds. One of the advantages of such conjugated aromatic systems is that they can fine-tune the electronic structure of materials in order to optimize their performance and morphology. In this regard, the structural isomer of naphthalene - azulene is of considerable interest. The nonalternant aromatic hydrocarbon azulene has unique electronic and spectral properties, including a polarized structure with a dipole moment of the order of 1,08 D and abnormal Anti-Kasha fluorescence S2→S0.
The article discusses the synthesis of two fluorene-azulene π-conjugated copolymers using the modern methodology of organic synthesis as the Suzuki − Miyaura -cross−coupling reaction.
It was shown that the interaction of 1,3-dibromazulene, as well as 2,7-Bis(3-bromoazulen-1-yl)-9,9-dioctyl-fluorene with 2,2'-(9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene-2,7-diyl)bis(1,3,2-dioxaborinane) under Suzuki − Miyaura cross-coupling conditions, azulene conjugate copolymers were synthesized: poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl)-alt-(1ꞌ,3ꞌ - azulenyl)] and poly[1,3-bis(9ꞌ,9ꞌ-dioctylfluoren-2ꞌ-yl)azulenyl]-alt-[1ꞌꞌ,3ꞌꞌ - azulenyl]. It is revealed that neutral solutions of the obtained copolymers are nonfluorescent, but they become luminescent upon addition of trifluoroacetic acid. The «launching» of fluorescence occurs as a result of the formation of a 6 π-electron azulenyl cation, which rearranges the general electronic character of polymers, in particular, HOMO-LUMO levels and band gap.
The obtained results demonstrate that the introduction of azulene units into a conjugated polymer framework has great potential for application as new protic functional materials.
SYNTHESIS AND RADIOGRAPHY OF NEW ZIRCON-MANGANITES OF LANTHANUM AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS AND CALCULATION OF THEIR THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Turdiyev M.T. , Nukhuly A. , Kasenov B.K. , Kasenova Sh.B. , Sagintaeva Zh.I. , Kuanyshbekov E.E. , Stoev M.
Published: October 2024

Annotation. The synthesis of LaMeIIZrMnO6 compounds (MeII – Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) was carried out using ceramic technology in the range of 800-1200оС by the interaction of lanthanum (III) oxides of the " extra clean." qualification, zirconium (IV), manganese (III) and magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium carbonates of the " clean for analysis " brand.". The weights of the starting materials were weighed with an accuracy of up to the fourth decimal place. Stoichiometric amounts of the starting materials were carefully ground in an agate mortar, then poured into alund crucibles and subjected to heat treatment for solid-phase interaction in air in the "SNOL" furnace.
X-ray methods have established that all synthesized zircon-manganites crystallize in cubic symmetry with the following lattice parameters: LaMgZrMnO6 – а = 13,46 ±0,02 Å; V0 = 2437,86 ±0,05 Å3; Z = 4; V° elem cell = 609,47 ± 0,02 Å3; r x-ray = 4,42 g/сm3; r picn = 4,35 ± 0,07 g/сm3; LaCaZrMnO6 – а = 14,50 ± 0,02Å; V0 = 3048,63 ± 0,06 Å3; Z = 4; V° elem cell = 762,16 ± 0,02 Å3; r x-ray = 3,67 g/сm3; r picn = 3,62 ± 0,05 g/сm3; LaSrZrMnO6 – а = 14,56 ± 0,02 Å; V0 = 3087,52 ±0,06 Å3; Z = 4; V° elem cell = 771,88 ± 0,02 Å3; r x-ray. = 4,03 g/сm3; r picn.= 3,99 ± 0,04 g/сm3, LaBaZrMnO6 – а = 14,79 ± 0,02Å; V0 = 3233,45 ± 0,06 Å3; Z = 4; V° elem cell = 808,36 ± 0,02 Å3; r x-ray = 4,25 g/сm3; r picn= 4,19 ± 0,05 g/сm3. It was found that with an increase in the ionic radii in the Mg® Ca®Sr®Ba series, the values of the parameter "a", the volumes of lattices and elementary cells of zircono-manganites increase. The calculation of the temperature dependence of the heat capacity and the standard heat capacity by indirect methods is carried out. The equations of temperature dependences of the investigated zircon-manganites of lanthanum and alkaline earth metals are derived.
Cognitive Reserve Relationship with Physical Performance in Dementia-Free Older Adults: The MIND-China Study
Authors: Dong Qiwei , Li Yuanjing , Song Yiming , Zhang Yu , Han Xiaodong , Ren Yifei , Wang Jiafeng , Han Xiaojuan , Du Yifeng
Published: October 2024

Background:

Cognitive reserve (CR) may be beneficial to the physical function of the elderly.

Objective:

We aimed to examine the association of CR proxies and composite CR capacity with physical function in older adults while considering age and sex.

Methods:

This population-based cross-sectional study included 4,714 participants living in rural China (age≥60 years) who were dementia-free. Structural equation modeling was used to generate a composite CR score by integrating early-life education, midlife occupational complexity, and late-life mental activity and social support. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) measured physical function. Data were analyzed using linear regression models.

Results:

Greater educational attainment and mental activity were associated with higher composite SPPB scores and those of its three subtests ( p < 0.05). Skilled occupations were associated with higher SPPB, chair stand, and walking speed scores, while greater social support was associated with higher scores for SPPB and chair stand ( p < 0.05). Each 1-point increase in composite CR score (range: –0.77 to 1.03) was linearly associated with a multivariable-adjusted β-coefficient of 0.74 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58–0.89) for total SPPB score, 0.16 (0.10–0.22) for balance test, 0.40 (0.32–0.48) for chair stand, and 0.17 (0.12–0.23) for walking speed. The association between higher composite CR and total SPPB scores was more prominent in those≥75 years than those aged 60–74 years ( p < 0.01). There was no statistical interaction of composite CR score and sex in physical function.

Conclusions:

High CR is associated with better physical function, especially among older adults (≥75 years).
Reassessing Cervical Cancer Prevention: Evaluating the NHS Cervical Cancer Screening Programme Through the Health Belief Model and Global Health Promotion Strategies
Authors: Appiah-Agyekum Michelle Owusua
Published: October 2024

Cervical cancer remains a significant public health issue in the United Kingdom, with disparities in screening coverage and outcomes persisting despite robust national programs. This critical analysis evaluates the NHS Cervical Screening Programme (CSP) through the lens of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and global health promotion strategies, such as those outlined in the Ottawa Charter. The analysis explores how individual beliefs about susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers influence participation in cervical screening, while also critiquing the CSP's reliance on these factors to the potential exclusion of broader social determinants of health.

Key findings reveal that while the HBM provides a valuable framework for understanding individual health behaviors, its emphasis on personal responsibility may overlook significant socioeconomic and cultural barriers, leading to inequities in screening uptake. Furthermore, the CSP's approach, though well-intentioned, may inadvertently undermine patient autonomy by promoting a top-down model of health promotion. The analysis is supported by data from the 2022-2023 Cervical Screening Standards Data Report and other contemporary sources, highlighting the need for more culturally sensitive and equitable strategies.

Recommendations for policymakers include the enhancement of targeted interventions for high-risk groups, improved communication strategies, and the integration of a social model of health that considers the broader determinants of health. Future studies are encouraged to explore the sociocultural factors influencing screening behaviors and to evaluate the effectiveness of new screening technologies and integrated HPV vaccination programs. This analysis underscores the importance of rethinking cervical cancer prevention strategies to ensure they are inclusive, equitable, and aligned with the principles of health promotion.
Domestic Space Structure and Abandonment Behavior: The Ye Family Complex at Baomei, Tong An District (Fujian, P.R. China)
Authors: Holl Augustin
Published: October 2024

Anthropological archaeology strives to recover, understand and explain past social dynamics. It relies on the uncovered material record to highlight past behavior patterns. For such a research agenda to be successful, one needs to fully understand all aspects of the processes involved in the formation of the archaeological record. It is undisputed that “Abandonment” is the condition _sine qua none_ for the formation of archaeological sites. Fieldwork conducted at the Ye Family high ranking Qing Dynasty office-holder housing complex, outlines the “use-history” of the investigated architectural complex and its adjustment to China recent contemporary history. The housing complex shifted from an initial prestigious imperial office-holder family to a “commune” housing for disadvantaged families during the cultural revolution, to be finally either progressively abandoned and/or re-cycled as storage complex. Combining informant input and field archaeology methodologies, the study of an abandoned elite traditional vernacular house provides the opportunity to decipher abandonment processes and contribute to the theoretical agenda of anthropological archaeology.
Battle Of Brand Loyalty: Based On Social Media Advertising – Gojek And Grab
Authors: Calysta Netha Eliana , Suade Yuyun Karystin Meilisa
Published: October 2024

The use of social media advertising is certainly familiar to consumers as one of the marketing strategies for brands or products in the company. This study will look at the level of consumer loyalty to Gojek and Grab through brand image and brand awareness. This study aims to see between the two brands which brand is superior in using social media advertising in increasing consumer loyalty, namely generation z people in Makassar city, Indonesia. This study uses quantitative methods by analyzing 265 respondents and will be analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results of this study indicate that Gojek is superior in utilizing brand image and brand awareness through social media advertising. This is evidenced by the relationship between social media advertising has no significant effect on brand loyalty. Nevertheless, brand image and brand awareness have a significant positive relationship to brand loyalty. Furthermore, the Grab brand is superior in increasing its brand loyalty through social media advertising, brand image, and brand awareness. In addition, Grab's brand image and brand awareness have a positive significant relationship to brand loyalty.
Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: Aydın Hüseyin Emre , Aydın Muhammed , Aydın Özge , Dülger Ahmet
Published: October 2024

"En sağlıklı yiyecekler" veya "süper gıdalar" listelerindeki sebzeler arasında yer alan Brassica Oleracea var. acephala (Karalahana) bitkisi, özellikle Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde sıklıkla tüketilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde gastroskopi ile değerlendirilmiş olan hastalarda karalahana ve kırmızı et tüketiminin mide histopatolojisi ve kan laboratuvar parametreleri üzerine olan etkisinin saptanması amaçlandı. Bu kesitsel araştırma 1 Mart 2022 – 30 Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında Giresun Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Gastroenteroloji Polikliniği’ne başvuran gastroskopi yapılmış ve mide biyopsisi alınmış olguların sonuçlarının retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hastalar telefonla aranarak aylık karalahana ve kırmızı et tüketim sıklıkları sorulmuştur. Olguların % 60,1’i kadındı ve ortalama yaş 55,44 ± 14,34’tü. Hastaların bir ayda, karalahana tükettiği gün sayısı medyan 4 [0 - 30] gün, kırmızı et tükettiği gün sayısı ise medyan 2 [0 - 20] gündü. Erkek hastaların gastrik biyopsilerinde Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) pozitifliği kadınlara göre anlamlı derecede fazlaydı (sırasıyla % 50,8 ve % 32,7; p = 0,021). Karalahana ve kırmızı et tüketimi ile hastaların gastrik biyopsilerinde H. pylori, intestinal metaplazi ve atrofi varlığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı. Hastaların yaşı arttıkça kırmızı et tüketimlerinin anlamlı derecede azaldığı belirlendi (p=0,014). Hastaların aylık kırmızı et tüketimi arttıkça serum kalsiyum düzeyinin de anlamlı derecede arttığı belirlendi (p=0,025). Sonuç olarak karalahana ve kırmızı et tüketim sıklığı ile mide biyopsisinde H. pylori pozitifliği, atrofi ve intestinal metaplazi saptanma sıklığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmazken, bu konuda yapılacak daha kapsamlı ve prospektif çalışmalarla daha net sonuçlar ortaya konulabilir.
Application of the Fuzzy Mamdani Method to Predict the Number of Customers Based on the Weather and Holidays in a Simple Restaurant on Abdul Hakim Street
Authors: Gultom Parapat , Thianujaya Wendy Thianujaya , Sirait Annisa Hidayati , Kristian Abel
Published: October 2024

This research aims to optimize marketing strategies in the food industry byapplying the Fuzzy Mamdani method. This approach considers factors such as thenumber of customers, weather conditions, and holidays to forecast the number ofcustomers who will come to a simple restaurant. By using the Fuzzy Mamdanimodel, this research seeks to generate more effective marketing strategies bytaking into account variability in consumer behavior. The results of this researchare expected to help food business owners to optimize their raw material inventorymore precisely, so as to improve operational efficiency and increase customersatisfaction.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ТА МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ПРОЦЕСНОГО ПІДХОДУ ДО УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ
Authors: Філіна Світлана , Крутько Олексій , Кужель Олександр
Published: October 2024

У статті розкрито сутність наукового підходу до управління підприємством у сучасних умовах. Проведено детальне порівняння ключових характеристик процесного управління з метою визначення оптимального підходу, який дозволить підприємству утримувати конкурентні позиції на ринку, успішно розвиватися в поточному ринковому середовищі, швидко реагувати на сприятливі фактори зовнішнього середовища і водночас захищатися від несприятливих факторів. Для цього здійснили обґрунтування застосування процесного підходу для ефективного управління бізнес-процесами на підприємствах. У статті розглядається проблема управління процесами підприємства як сукупність взаємопов’язаних і взаємодіючих елементів та сучасне розуміння процесного підходу з доцільністю розширення сфери його застосування. У статті наведено обґрунтування розширення сфери його застосування та ефективного управління бізнес-процесами на підприємствах.