bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults at Debre Berhan Town, North Shewa, Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Natnael Lakachew , Admas Addisu , Adimasu Nebiyat
Published: June 2020

Background: Visual impairment refers to presenting distance visual acuity worse than 6/18 in the worst eye. It remains a global challenge that greatly affects the mobility, social participation and the quality of life of the people. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults aged 18 years. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Berhan town. Systematic random sampling method was employed to select the study participants from adult’s aged ≥ 18 years. Data were collected by interview with a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire. Both anterior and posterior segment ocular examinations were done by Optometrists and Ophthalmologist. After all ocular examinations adult’s aged ≥ 18 years with presenting Visual acuity of < 6/18 in the worst eye were considered as visually impaired. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: A total of 416 participants were enrolled in the study with a 98.6% response rate. The prevalence of visual impairment among adults aged 18 years was 16.8% (95% CI: 13.5%-20.2%). Among the overall prevalence of visually impaired adults 27 (6.49%) had bilateral VI and 43 (10.34%) had monocular VI. Aged > 64 years (AOR=12.18, 95%CI: 4.47-33.20), illiterates AOR=3.02, 95% CI: 1.36-6.72), previous eye trauma (AOR=4.44, 95% CI: 1.64-12.04), family size > 5 (AOR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.43-13.75) and family history of eye problem (AOR=7.02, 95% CI: 1.95-25.22) had statistically significant association with visual impairment.Conclusions: Prevalence of visual impairment among adults was found to be a significant public health problem. Older age, illiterates, previous eye trauma, large family size and family history eye problem were positively associated with visual impairment.
Analysis of long non-coding RNA expression profiles in high-glucose treated vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Xu Erqin , Hu Xiaolei , Li Xiaoli , Jin Guoxi , Zhuang Langen , Wang Qiong , Pei Xiaoyan
Published: June 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus is often associated with microvascular and macrovascular lesions, and hyperglycemia-induced vascular endothelial cell damage is a key factor.Methods：We investigated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs that are affected by hyperglycemia-induced damage using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as a model. HUVECs were cultured under high (25 mmol/L) or normal (5 mmol/L) glucose conditions for 6 d, and then lncRNAs and protein-coding transcripts were profiled by RNA-seq. Results：Among 40,379 lncRNAs screened, 214 were upregulated (log2 [fold-change] > 1, FDR < 0.05) and 197 were downregulated (log2 [fold-change] < −1, FDR < 0.05) in response to high-glucose. Furthermore, among 28,431 protein-coding genes screened, 778 were upregulated and 998 were downregulated. A total of 945 lncRNA/mRNA pairs were identified, including 126 differentially expressed lncRNAs predicted to target 201 mRNAs, among which 26 were cis-regulatory interactions. The corresponding lncRNA-mRNA network was composed of 354 lncRNA nodes, 1,167 mRNA nodes and 9,735 edges. Dozens of lncRNAs with high degree may play important roles in high-glucose-induced HUVEC damage, including ENST00000600527, NONHSAT037576.2, NONHSAT135706.2, ENST00000602127, NONHSAT200243.1, NONHSAT217282.1, NONHSAT176260.1, NONHSAT199075.1, NONHSAT067063.2, NONHSAT058417.2. Conclusion：These observations may provide novel insights into the regulatory molecules and pathways of hyperglycemia-related endothelial dysfunction in diabetes-associated vascular disease.
Cultural aspects of ants, bees and wasps and their products in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Huis Arnold Van
Published: June 2020

Background: The order Hymenoptera has about 117,000 known species of which about 20.000 in the Afrotropical zone. The families covered are ants, bees, and wasps. They belong to the suborder Apocrita, characterized by a constriction between the first and second abdominal segments. The purpose of the study was to make an overview of how ants, bees and wasps and their products such as honey are utilized, perceived, and experienced in daily life across sub-Saharan Africa.Method: Ethno-entomological information on ants, bees and wasps in sub-Saharan Africa was collected by: (1) interviews with more than 300 people from about 120 ethnic groups in 27 countries in the region; (2) library studies in Africa, London, Paris and Leiden.Results : Of the order of the Hymenoptera only queens of the ant Carebara vidua are deliberately eaten. Often unintentionally bee larvae are eaten with honey and sugar ants with sugar. Apart from honey being a food item, it is also widely used to treat numerous medical problems, as a stimulant (for the memory) or as a cosmetic. It is also used in naming or wedding ceremonies. In the Qur’an, the medical value of honey is recognized. Seed stores of ants maybe harvested by humans. In the Sudan bee stings are used to cure arthritis; bee venom having bioactive properties. Wasp nests are used to cure inflammations such as mumps. The properties of certain insects are used to convey these treats to persons it is employed to, such as nasty stinging wasps to make dogs vicious. Some stories seem to make no sense like the snake-trapping ants in Madagascar, but a scientific explanation is provided. The looks of certain insects may inspire people to construct stories or have proverbs such as the very narrow waste of wasps, suggesting sterility. Bee swarms and driver ants are feared all over and believed to be employed (by witchdoctors) to punish. Not all stories of events with bees or ants are similar across sub-Saharan Africa. These insects, being social, are also used to stimulate cohesion between people.Conclusion: Ants, bees and wasps in sub-Saharan Africa maybe feared because of their bites and stings. However, the insects or their products are often employed for medical reasons, honey having numerous applications. They are also many stories and believes in which the characteristics of these insects play a role.
INTEGRASI HUNIAN DALAM TOD UNTUK MENGATASI PERMASALAHAN TRANSIT KAWASAN PASAR LAMA, TANGERANG
Authors: Tanudjaja Oscar , Srinaga Felia , Mensana Alvar
Published: June 2020

Title: Residential Integration in TOD to Overcome the Transit Problem in Pasar Lama Area, Tangerang

The Pasar Lama (Old Town Market) area is known as a highly developing area in the city of Tangerang. This area facilitated with a commuter train station used by people commuted from Tangerang to Jakarta in daily basis – both for transitting and shopping purposes. Tangerang Station is the main train station for commuters’ from-and-to Jakarta; therefore, urban issues arise in the main urban nodes of the area, specifically the main boulevard near the station and the market. Issues such as transportation traffic, pedestrian congestion, informal street-vendors activities, and the arrangement of residential areas are major concern that needs to be addressed in the purpose of creating a good urban public space in the region. The solution to overcome this problem is to apply a concept for a TOD (Transit Oriented Development). TOD is a sustainable transportation system approach that provides accessibility and alternative modes of transportation. With the implementation of TOD in the transit station area, it is expected that the entire Pasar Lama area will be developed and created a good urban public space. This research study aims to answer several research questions, for instance: how does the concept of the TOD is able to integrate a residential program into the development and create a successful an urban public space as a transit area in the area of Pasar Lama, Tangerang. This research begins with context analysis based on several theories about urban dimension, human scale and key factors of a TOD. Precedent studies and observations on surrounding site, serve as references in analyzing and proposing draft concepts for this particular neighborhood. This research study will have an outcome in the form of design concept proposal that allow TOD to incorporate residential, parking, commercial, and open space as one district to revitalize the congested neighborhood in the Pasar Lama area, Tangerang.
TELAAH POTENSI KAMPUNG SEBAGAI DASAR PERANCANGAN PUSAT KEBUDAYAAN KAMPUNG PANDEYAN
Authors: Setyawati Arti , Tisnawati Endah
Published: June 2020

Title: The Study of Kampung’s Strenght as the Basis for Cultural Center Design at Kampung Pandeyan
Yogyakarta is a province with various privileges. Yogyakarta has a lot of history both physical history and non-physical history. Many people know Yogyakarta as a cultural city and student city. Cultural diversity in Yogyakarta is one of the tourist attractions. Travelers not only visit tourist attractions and historical heritage buildings but also are interested in following a cultural atmosphere that is not found elsewhere and is different from the daily lives of tourists. The increasing interest of tourists in knowing the culture in the village is not matched by accommodating facilities. There is still a lack of space for people and artists to appreciating art and culture while educating citizens of the community, so there needs to be a cultural center that serves to appreciate works of art and culture. Pandeyan village has now developed into a village that has begun to be known for its diversity of artistic and cultural potential. An overview of the diverse potential of the village is the basis of design. This scientific paper will discuss the various potentials of the village which are used as the basis for planning a cultural center in Pandeyan Village. The village's cultural center itself is a discourse that wants to be reviewed as a specific function that differs from the center of culture in general. The problem that will be described is how is the design of the Pandeyan village cultural center based on the potential of the village? The design results of this design are designing the cultural center of Pandeyan Village as a facility for the surrounding community in preserving existing art and cultural attractions. The concept is expected to be applied to the form and order of mass composition, the relationship of spaces (both inner and outer space), and the application of ornaments to the elements of inner and outer space.
KOTA PROBOLINGGO: DARI PANOPTIKON KE FRAGMENTED POWER
Authors: Hidayat Anas , Widriyakara Y.A.
Published: June 2020

Title: The City of Probolinggo: From Panopticon to Fragmented Power

The City of Probolinggo, was designed during the Dutch colonial administration. It is very clearly shows the pattern of the city as a city-scale panopticon, as it is mentioned in the theory of Jeremy Bentham. The city layout could be explained as follow: the resident's office (regional leader) becomes the center (as well as the supervisor) of a linear and straight government environment from the south (Jalan Raya Pos) to the north (Probolinggo Lama port). The Probolinggo resident office can spatially "over look" the area to the direction of north, starting from the square, then train station, then the warehouses until it ends at the port located in the Madura Strait. The power of the panopticon is not just a matter of political space, but also includes it as a defense space, economic space, social space and even cultural space. When compared with current conditions, so now the power has changed the pattern from the centralized to more fragmented, as Richard Rorty's understanding of 'the breaking of the great mirror of the universe'.There is no longer a dominant center (and at the same time overseeing), all have their own strength to show themselves. Central to the current administration is the office of the mayor of Probolinggo, whose position has shifted from the old resident's office (now the Kodim 0820 headquarters) to the west. The area of the square was then only a mere symbolic area. The train station has turned into a means of transportation, especially for humans, it is no longer a semi-passive international commodity transporter, its relationship with the port has also been severed. The weakness, between the elements of the city to be like not connected, there is no synergy between one another.
STREETSCAPE SEBAGAI PEMBENTUK KARAKTER KAWASAN Studi Kasus : Jalan Rungkut Madya Surabaya
Authors: Utomo Heru Prasetiyo , Mutia Fairuz
Published: June 2020

Title: Streetscape as a Formation of Area Character in Rungkut Madya Street Surabaya

Urban areas are always dynamic where some regions develop more rapidly than other regions. Rungkut Madya street as a collector road has undergone many changes along with the construction of MERR road and OERR road plans by the Surabaya City Government and East Java Provincial Government. There is no integration of area arrangement at Rungkut Madya street that is able to characterize and provide visual - spatial quality that is able to improve the physical condition of the area. Meanwhile landscape quality (streetscape) needs to be considered in road design, referring to good streetscape criteria (Moughtin, 1999). The research method chosen is exploratory and descriptive. The description is focused on the authenticity of the shape and character of the area in Rungkut Madya street to explore existing city elements. Data collection more describes the conditions of reality and potential on Rungkut Madya street which are arranged in a mapping. Furthermore, these results are explored using Character Appraisal Research. The analysis is carried out qualitatively and supported by simple quantitative analysis. This research is expected to be able to produce an urban treatment that can identify the quality of the environment to be a special criterion in improving the quality of the environment and the identity of the Rungkut Madya street as an education, trade and service area.
A cost-effective redundant communication system for improving the reliability of a flood early warning system
Authors: López E. P. , Vionnet C. A. , Villarreal D. , Contini G. , Veizaga E. , Ferreira C. G.
Published: June 2020

All early flood warning systems (FEWS) work with gauges and communications systems to collect and distribute hydro-meteorological measurements in real-time. The objective is to allow the authorities to take action before the flood reaches critical places. The FEWS of the lower Salado River basin, Argentina, were established after the flood of Santa Fe city in 2003. Frequent loss of information due to communication problems with the repository site increases the operational vulnerability of the network. First, the document analyses the flood frequency of the region using known statistical distributions. Then, it offers a low-cost solution to the loss of information problem based on an interface that transmits in parallel the network data through an electronic bypass without interfering with the FEWS satellite communication system. The tests carried out along three stations show the interface proved efficient in transmitting data via WiFi or mobile communications in real-time. The results establish a one-to-one data correspondence when the satellite system and the redundant system are active. The interface is based on low-cost single-board computers and routers. The variety of commercial sensors tested makes the developed interface portable to similar situations, and the savings achieved – maintenance cost – are significant.
UV-assisted desalination of seawater using titanium dioxide nanotube doped polyether block amide membrane
Authors: Nigiz F. U. , Kibar M. E.
Published: June 2020

In this study, a UV-assisted desalination system was prepared with a non-porous TiO2-doped Pebax 1657 membrane. The membranes were characterized and desalination tests were performed. The effects of UV light and TiO2 ratio on the performance of desalination were investigated. According to the results, TiO2 incorporation increased the membrane hydrophilicity, increased the membrane swelling values, enhanced the membrane flux and improved the salt rejection. Moreover, UV treatment has a positive effect on desalination performance. The best improvement was achieved in the results of 10 wt.% TiO2-doped membrane. It was found that the flux value of the UV-treated membrane having 10 wt.% TiO2 concentration was 8.2 kg/m2·h and the salt rejection value was 99.97%. It was found that the prepared membrane showed excellent desalination performance.
Efficient electrochemical detection of geosmin in environmental waters
Authors: Li Jiawei , Xue Qiang , Chen Tao , Wang Zhiwei , Liu Ting , Liu Yuehua , Shan Xiaohan
Published: June 2020

A new electrochemical sensor based on molecular imprinting technology was developed, for rapid and sensitive detection of the odorous substance geosmin (GSM) in water. In this method, the molecularly imprinted membrane was successfully modified on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using the electrochemical deposition method. In the presence of the target analyte (geosmin), the target analyte occupies the detection site and the detection signal will attenuate. As the concentration of the target analyte increases, the attenuation of the electrical signal becomes more pronounced. This sensor can quantitatively detect geosmin at concentrations as low as 5 ng/L, which is currently the lowest limit of detection (LOD) for GSM detection by an electrochemical sensor in reported studies. The modified GCE provided an analytical curve for GSM detection in the range of 5–200 ng/L.
The Evolving Role of Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in the Management of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Ogo Takeshi
Published: June 2020

Patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), characterized by pulmonary artery obstruction with unresolved embolism, have poor prognosis. Although pulmonary endarterectomy is the treatment of choice in the management of CTEPH, some patients are not operable. Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) is a catheter-based interventional treatment for patients with CTEPH. BPA has been considered a high-risk procedure, although the beneficial effects were promising. BPA has been modified and refined over the last 10 years. Recent evidence about modern BPA has consistently demonstrated the beneficial clinical effects with acceptable risks. BPA is now recommended in nonoperable CTEPH patients in addition to targeted medical therapy, although several questions such as long-term prognosis remain unanswered. BPA is still evolving for its application in the CTEPH treatment strategy. Further investigations are still necessary to define the role of BPA.
Genelleme Sürecinin Çember ve Noktalar Problemi Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: Demircioğlu Handan , Tuncay Halid
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı matematik öğretmen adaylarının, matematik öğretmenlerinin ve matematikçinin genelleme sürecini, aldıkları özel durumları, kullandıkları stratejileri çember ve noktalar problemi bağlamında incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını bir akademisyen, iki matematik öğretmeni ve iki matematik öğretmeni adayı olmak üzere toplam 5 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Veriler çember ve noktalar problemi ile toplanmıştır. Veriler klinik görüşme yöntemi, doküman incelemesi ve gözlem ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular tüm katılımcıların dört veya beş durum sonrasında genelleme yaptıklarını, genelleme sonucunda herhangi bir özel durumda doğrulama yapmadıklarını ve genelleme becerilerini geliştirmede problemlerin önemli olduğunu göstermiştir
Chemo-drug Controlled-release Strategies of Nanocarrier in the Development of Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Liu Yunyi , Ou Hailong , Pei Xiaming , Jiang Bin , Ma Yihan , Liu Naiyu , Wen Chaoqi , Peng Cheng , Hu Xiaoxiao
Published: June 2020

Nanoparticles are widely used in cancer therapy because of their nanoscale, high
surface ratio, multifunctionality and so on. With specific construction of nanoparticles, by
choosing magnetic nanomaterials or citric acid-coated nanoparticle, scientists can kill tumor
cells effectively and accurately, importantly reducing the side effects of conventional chemotherapy.
Scientists not only have designed nanoparticles loaded with therapeutic drugs, but
also those equipped with targeted molecules. These works have made nanoparticles multifunctional
nanocarriers. As multifunctional nanocarriers, nanoparticles play an important role
of drug delivery and normally, enabling drug delivery to tumor tissues is a difficult task. During
the period of internal circulation, it is hard to maintain the stability of the nanocarriers not
attached to normal cells or serum. With the application of stimulus-responsive nanomaterials,
scientists have developed many nanocarriers with controllable drug release. These controllable
drug delivery systems can quickly respond to microenvironmental changes (PH, enzyme,
etc.) or external stimuli (photo, heat, magnetic or electric fields). Thus, to overcome the side
effects of controllable drug delivery systems in vivo, in this article, we summarize the various
kinds of stimulus-responsive nanocarriers for cancer therapy and discuss the possibilities and
challenges in future application.
Radiotheragnostics Paradigm for Radioactive Iodine (Iodide) Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Slonimsky Einat , Tulchinsky Mark
Published: June 2020

:

This review of radioactive iodide treatment (RAIT) extends from historical origins to its modern utilization
in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The principles embedded in the radiotheragnostics (RTGs) paradigm
are detailed.

:

The diverse approaches in current practice are addressed, and this broad variability represents a major weakness
that erodes our specialty’s trust-based relationship with patients and referring physicians. The currently developing
inter-specialty collaboration should be hailed as a positive change. It promises to clarify the target-based
terminology for RAIT. It defines RAIT of post total thyroidectomy (PTT), presumably benign thyroid as ‘remnant
ablation’ (RA). ‘Adjuvant treatment’ (AT) referrers to RAIT of suspected microscopic DTC that is inherently
occult on diagnostic imaging. RAIT directed at DTC lesion(s) overtly seen on diagnostic imaging is termed
‘treatment of known disease’ (TKD).

:

It was recently recognized that a ‘recurrent’ DTC is actually occult residual DTC in the majority of cases. Thyroglobulin
with remnant uptake concord (TRUC) method (aka Tulchinsky method) was developed to validate that
a benign remnant in the post-thyroidectomy neck bed, as quantified by the RAI uptake, is concordant with a
measured thyroglobulin (Tg) level at the time of the initial post-thyroidectomy evaluation. It allows recognition of
occult residual DTC contribution to post-thyroidectomy Tg. Case examples demonstrate the application of the
TRUC method for a logical selection of a specific RAIT category, using imaging-guided identification and management
of RAI-avid versus RAI-nonavid residual DTC, i.e. the radiotheragnostics paradigm.
An Insight Into the Anxiolytic Effects of Lignans (Phyllanthin and Hypophyllanthin) and Tannin (Corilagin) Rich Extracts of Phyllanthus amarus : An In-Silico and In-vivo approaches
Authors: Chopade Atul R. , Pol Rahul P. , Patil Pramod A. , Dharanguttikar Vyankatesh R. , Naikwade Nilofar S. , Dias Remeth J. , Mali Suraj N.
Published: June 2020

:

The extracts and the compounds isolated from Phyllanthus amarus Schumm and Thonn
(Family: Euphorbiaceae) have shown a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities including
antiviral, antibacterial, antiplasmodial, antimalarial, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic,
hypolipidemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and diurectic properties.

Background:

This investigation was aimed at exploring the anxiolytic potential of Phyllanthus
amarus standardized extracts and predict probable role of marker phyto constitutents.

Objective and Methods:

Three standardized extracts of Phyllanthus amarus plant viz. standardized
aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus whole plant (PAAE), standardized methanolic extract of P.
amarus leaf (PAME) and the standardized hydro-methanolic extract of P. amarus leaf (PAHME)
were tested in the classical animal models of anxiety: Elevated plus-maze model and Light & Dark
Exploration test.

Results:

The lower doses of the tannin rich extract (PAHME) of the P. amarus possess significant
anxiolytic activity compared to lignin rich (PAME) and aqueous extracts (PAAE), while at a
higher dose (400mg/kg) the results of all three extracts appears to be potentially sedative. While
the molecular docking studies support these probable anxiolytic, the sedative effects of the
Phyllanthus amarus extracts could be due to the interaction of tannins and lignans with the GABAbenzodiazepine
receptor complex.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study indicate that the tannin-rich extract of the P. amarus
may have potential clinical applications in the management of anxiety. It can be further studied for
optimum dosage to be used as a future of anti-anxiety drug development or as a standardized
Phytomedicine.
Ultrasound-promoted Green Synthesis of pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline Derivatives and Studies on their Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Sharafian Shirin , Hossaini Zinatossadat , Rostami-Charati Faramarz , Khalilzadeh Mohammad A.
Published: June 2020

Aims & Objective:

An efficient procedure for the synthesis of pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline
derivatives in excellent yields was investigated using catalyst-free multicomponent reaction of
phthaladehyde, methylamine, activated acetylenic compounds, alkyl bromides and
triphenylphosphine in water under ultrasonic irradiation at room temperature. In addition, Diels-
Alder reactions of pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives with activated acetylenic compounds
under ultrasonic irradiation are investigated in two procedures. The advantages of this procedure
compared to report methods are short time of reaction, high yields of product, easy separation of
product, clean mixture of reaction and green media for performing reaction. In addition, because of
having isoquinoline core in synthesized compounds, in this research antioxidant activity of some
synthesized compounds was studied.

Materials and Methods:

To a stirred mixture of phthalaldehyde 1 (2 mmol) and methylamine 2 (2
mmol) in water (3 mL) under ultrasonic irradiation was added to activated acetylenic compounds 4
after 20 min. Alkyl bromide 3 and triphenylphosphine 5 react in another pot in water (3 mL) under
ultrasonic irradiation for 15 min. After this time, this mixture was added to the first pot. After
completion of the reaction, the solid residue was separated by filtration and washed with Et2O to
afforded pure title compound 6.

Results:

In this work, generation of pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives 6 are performed using
phthalaldehyde 1, methylamine 2, α-halo substituted carbonyls 3, activated acetylenic compounds
4 and triphenylphosphine 5 in water under ultrasonic irradiation condition at room temperature in
excellent yield at short time.

Conclusion:

In summary, multicomponent reaction of phthaladehyde, methylamine, activated
acetylenic compounds, alkyl bromides and triphenylphosphine in water under ultrasonic irradiation
at room temperature produced pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives in excellent yields. Also,
Diels-Alder reaction of pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives with activated acetylenic compounds
and triphenylphosphine under ultrasonic irradiation is investigated in two procedures. Also, the
antioxidant activities of 6a, 6c, 6g and 6i were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging and ferric
reducing power analyzes. The compounds 6a exhibit excellent DPPH radical scavenging activity
and FRAP compared to synthetic antioxidants BHT and TBHQ. The chief benefits of our method
are high atom economy, green reaction conditions, higher yield, shorter reaction times, and easy
work-up, which agree with some principles of green chemistry.
Chemical Variability and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of the Aerial Parts of Ammoides verticillata and the Roots of Carthamus caeruleus and their Synergistic Effect in Combination
Authors: Mami Imane Rihab , Merad-Boussalah Noria , El Amine Dib Mohammed , Tabti Boufeldja , Costa Jean , Muselli Alain
Published: June 2020

Aim and Objective:

Oxidative stress is implicated in the development and progression
of many diseases. Some of the appropriate actions that could taken to resolve the problem of these
diseases are search for new antioxidant substances isolated from plants. The aims of this study
were to research the intraspecies variations of A. verticillata and C. caeruleus essential oils from 8
locations using statistical analysis, the in vitro antioxidant properties of collective essential oils and
in combinations.

Materials and Methods:

The essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The intraspecies
variations of the essential oil compositions were discussed using principal component analysis
(PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The antioxidant properties were evaluated DPPH-radical
scavenging activity and β-carotene bleaching test.

Results:

The main components of Ammoides verticillata collective essential oil (Coll EO) were
thymol (30.5%), carvacrol (23.2%), p-cymene (13.1%), limonene (12.5%) and terpinene-4-ol
(12.3%). While roots of Carthamus caeruleus essential oil were dominated by carline oxide
(86.2%). The chemical variability allowed the discrimination of two main Groups for both Coll
EOs. A direct correlation between the altitudes, climate and the chemical compositions was
evidenced. Ammoides verticulata and Carthamus caeruleus Coll Eos showed good antioxidant
activity. In binary mixture, the interaction between both Coll Eos and between oils rich of thymol
and/or carvacrol with carlina oxide produced the best synergistic effects compared to individual
essential oils and the synthetic antioxidant (BHT).

Conclusion:

Ammoides verticillata and Carthamus caeruleus essential oil blends can be used as a
natural food preservative and alternative to chemical antioxidants.
Affinity Tags for Protein Purification
Authors: Mishra Vibhor
Published: June 2020

The affinity tags are unique proteins/peptides that are attached at the N- or C-terminus of the
recombinant proteins. These tags help in protein purification. Additionally, some affinity tags also
serve a dual purpose as solubility enhancers for challenging protein targets. By applying a combinatorial
approach, carefully chosen affinity tags designed in tandem have proven to be very successful in
the purification of single proteins or multi-protein complexes. In this mini-review, the key features of
the most commonly used affinity tags are discussed. The affinity tags have been classified into two
significant categories, epitope tags, and protein/domain tags. The epitope tags are generally small peptides
with high affinity towards a chromatography resin. The protein/domain tags often perform double
duty as solubility enhancers as well as aid in affinity purification. Finally, protease-based affinity tag
removal strategies after purification are discussed.
Dysregulation of the Gut-Brain Axis, Dysbiosis and Influence of Numerous Factors on Gut Microbiota Associated Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Behl Tapan , Bungau Simona , Kumar Arun , Uddin Md. Sahab , Mehta Vineet , Zengin Gokhan , Mathew Bijo , Shah Muhammad Ajmal , Arora Sandeep
Published: June 2020

Background:

Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been one of the substantial social, medical concern and, burdens of
the present time. PD is a gradually devastating neurodegenerative disorder of the neurological function marked with αsynucleinopathy affecting numerous regions of the brain-gut axis, as well as the central, enteric, and autonomic nervous system. Its etiology is a widely disputed topic.

Objective:

This review emphasizes to find out the correlation among the microbial composition and the observable disturbances in the metabolites of the microbial species and its impact on the immune response, which may have a concrete implication on the occurrence, persistence and, pathophysiology of PD via the gut-brain axis.

Methods:

An in-depth research and the database was developed from the available peer reviewed articles till date (March
2020) utilizing numerous search engines like PubMed, MEDLINE and, other internet sources.

Results:

Progressively increasing shreds of evidence have proved the fact that dysbiosis in the gut microbiome plays a central role in many neurological disorders, such as PD. Indeed, a disordered microbiome-gut-brain axis in PD could be focused
on gastrointestinal afflictions that manifest primarily several years prior to the diagnosis, authenticating a concept wherein
the pathological pathway progresses from the intestine reaching the brain.

Conclusion:

The microbiota greatly affects the bidirectional interaction between the brain and the gut via synchronized neurological, immunological, and neuroendocrine mechanisms. It can be concluded that a multitude of factors discussed in this
review steadily induce the onset of dysbacteriosis that may exacerbate the etiologic mechanism of Parkinson’s disease.
Computational Analysis of Dynamical Fluctuations of Oncoprotein E7 (HPV 16) for the Hot Spot Residue Identification Using Elastic Network Model
Authors: Malik Rabbiah , Fazal Sahar , Kamal Mohammad Amjad
Published: June 2020

Aims:

To find out Potential Drug targets against HPV E7.

Background:

Oncoprotein E7 of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV-16), after invading human body
alter host protein-protein interaction networks caused by the fluctuations of amino acid residues present
in E7. E7 interacts with Rb protein of human host with variable residual fluctuations, leading
towards the progression of cervical cancer.

Objective:

Our study was focused our computational analysis of the binding and competing interactions
of the E7 protein of HPV with Rb protein.

Methods:

Our study is based on analysis of dynamic fluctuations of E7 in host cell and correlation
analysis of specific residue found in motif of LxCxE, that is the key region in stabilizing interaction
between E7 and Rb.

Results and Discussion:

Cysteine, Leucine and Glutamic acid have been identified as hot spot residues
of E7 which can provide platform for drug designing and understanding of pathogenesis of
cervical cancer, in future. Our study shows validation of the vitality of linear binding motifs LxCxE
of E7 of HPV in interacting with Rb as an important event in propagation of HPV in human cells
and transformation of infection into cervical cancer.

Conclusion:

Our study shows validation of the vitality of linear binding motifs LxCxE of E7 of
HPV in interacting with Rb as an important event in propagation of HPV in human cells and transformation
of infection into cervical cancer.

Other:

E7 interacts with Rb protein of human host with variable residual fluctuations, leading towards
the progression of cervical cancer.
Comprehensive Analysis of Key Proteins Involved in Radioresistance of Prostate Cancer by Integrating Protein-protein Interaction Networks
Authors: Qian Duocheng , Li Quan , Zhu Yansong , Li Dujian
Published: June 2020

Background:

Radioresistance remains a significant obstacle in the treatment of prostate
cancer (PCa). The mechanisms underlying the radioresistance in PCa remained to be further
investigated.

Methods:

GSE53902 dataset was used in this study to identify radioresistance-related mRNAs.
Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on STRING analysis. DAVID
system was used to predict the potential roles of radioresistance-related mRNAs.

Results:

We screened and re-annotated the GSE53902 dataset to identify radioresistance-related
mRNAs. A total of 445 up-regulated and 1036 down-regulated mRNAs were identified in
radioresistance PCa cells. Three key PPI networks consisting of 81 proteins were further constructed
in PCa. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these genes were involved in regulating MAP kinase
activity, response to hypoxia, regulation of the apoptotic process, mitotic nuclear division, and
regulation of mRNA stability. Moreover, we observed that radioresistance-related mRNAs, such as
PRC1, RAD54L, PIK3R3, ASB2, FBXO32, LPAR1, RNF14, and UBA7, were dysregulated and
correlated to the survival time in PCa.

Conclusion:

We thought this study would be useful to understand the mechanisms underlying
radioresistance of PCa and identify novel prognostic markers for PCa.
The Beneficial Effect of Physical Exercise on Inflammatory Makers in Older Individuals
Authors: Gómez-Rubio Pablo , Trapero Isabel
Published: June 2020

Old age is associated with a loss of motor functions and a general progressive decline in
cognitive functions. Physical exercise is one of the ways in which inflammatory levels in general can
be reduced, and therefore physical exercise can be considered a biological aging decelerator. In this
article, we examine the relationships between physical exercise and inflammatory markers reported for
the different physical exercise protocols that have been used in studies with older individuals, as well
as the effects of these regimens. The different types of exercises programmed, and methods used to
implement them were very heterogeneous in the articles we analysed. Both, the aerobic exercise and
resistance training protocols produced a decrease in plasma levels of IL-6, CRP and TNF-α, and an
increase of IL-10 plasma levels as a chronic effect. However, the acute-response of physical exercise
appeared to be an initial increase in IL-6 expression and plasma IL-6 levels. Continuing with these
exercise programs usually subsequently achieved a chronic response in which there was a decrease in
both the basal levels of IL-6, CRP and TNF-α, and the IL-6 produced as acute responses. Regardless of
the type of exercise performed, it seems that the exercise parameters, intensity, duration, subject variables,
fitness, and level of inflammation are key factors in achieving the expected balance between proinflammatory
and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Medication-precipitated Seizure in Psychiatric Patients: Typical vs. Atypical Antipsychotics
Authors: Shafti Saeed S.
Published: June 2020

Backgrounds:

It is unknown whether second-generation antipsychotics are safer
than first-generation antipsychotics in terms of seizure induction.

Objective:

In the present assessment, the relationships between the incidence of seizure attacks
among a great sample of non-western psychiatric inpatients and prescribed typical
and atypical antipsychotics have been probed and analyzed based on the existing data in
the literature.

Methods:

Razi psychiatric hospital, as one of the largest and oldest public psychiatric hospitals
in the Middle East, had been selected as the field of study in the present retrospective
estimation. For assessment, all inpatients that had suffered a seizure during the last sixtyfour
months had been included in the current study.

Results:

Among seventy-four patients who had experienced seizure attack during the inpatient
management, and had been prescribed antipsychotics for symptomatic management of
primary psychiatric disorders, 67.56% had received atypical antipsychotic and the remaining
(32.43%) had received typical antipsychotics, which revealed a significant quantitative
difference between them (p<0.000). Among atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine was the
most recommended antipsychotic (33.78%), followed by risperidone (34%), quetiapine
(9.45%), and clozapine (n=1, 1.35%). Among typical antipsychotics, too, haloperidol
(28.37%) was significantly more prescribed than chlorpromazine (2.70%) and thioridazine
(1.35%) (p<0.000). By the way, there was no significant difference, quantitatively, between
olanzapine and haloperidol in the present evaluation (p<0.47).

Conclusion:

Atypical antipsychotics have comparable potentiality, as typical antipsychotics,
for triggering seizure attacks, which demands indispensable cautiousness by clinicians
when prescribing such a group of medications for epileptic and neuropsychiatric patients.
Rigid Motion Artifact Reduction in CT Using the Phase Correlation Method
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Zhang Liyi , Sun Yunshan
Published: June 2020

Background:

In Computed Tomography (CT), it is often not possible for the subject to
remain stationary during a scan. Unfortunately, a patient motion would result in degraded spatial
resolution and image artifacts. It is desirable to improve reconstruction quality and reduce motion
artifacts caused by patient motion.

Methods:

In this work, a method was proposed to eliminate the influence of the motion on image
quality, based on the phase correlation method. Based on our previous work, projections were first
taken by Radon transform and motion parameters were estimated by the phase-only correlation of
projections in the Radon domain. In addition, an improved image reconstruction algorithm was
performed to compensate for the motion effects.

Results:

Experimental results proved that the proposed method could not only obtain high precision
and good real-time performance but also ensure a superior artifact reduction.

Conclusion:

Besides, the efficacy of the proposed method has been demonstrated in both simulated
and human head experiments.
The Public Health Impact and Policy Implications of Online Support Group Use for Mental Health in Singapore: Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Roystonn Kumarasan , Vaingankar Janhavi Ajit , Chua Boon Yiang , Sambasivam Rajeswari , Shafie Saleha , Jeyagurunathan Anitha , Verma Swapna , Abdin Edimansyah , Chong Siow Ann , Subramaniam Mythily
Published: June 2020

Background

The wide mental health treatment gap continues to pose a global and local public health challenge. Online support groups are on the rise and could be used to complement formal treatment services for mental health.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the prevalence of online support group use and explore factors associated with the use in the general population using data from a national cross-sectional mental health survey in Singapore.

Methods

Singapore residents aged 18 years and above participated in a nationally representative household survey in which the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 was administered by trained interviewers to examine the use of online support groups for mental health. Multiple logistic regressions were used to analyze the association of online support group use with various sociodemographic and health factors.

Results

A total of 6110 respondents with complete data were included in this study. Overall, 10 individuals per 1000 adults (1%) reported seeking help from online support groups for their mental health problems. Compared to younger adults (those aged 18 to 34 years) and those with university education, individuals aged 50 to 64 years (P<.001; OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.0-0.3) and those with preuniversity qualifications (P=.02; OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.0-0.8) were less likely to use online support groups for mental health, respectively. Participants with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) mental disorder were 6.8 times more likely (P<.001; 95% CI 3.0-15.4) to use an online support group; in particular, individuals with major depressive disorder (P<.001; OR 5.4, 95% CI 2.1-13.8) and obsessive compulsive disorder (P=.01; OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.3-9.7) were more likely to use an online support group for their mental health.

Conclusions

Online support groups could be used to complement formal treatment services, especially for mood and anxiety-related disorders. As online support group use for mental health issues may be more prevalent among younger people, early detection and accurate information in online support groups may guide individuals toward seeking professional help for their mental health problems.
Las dramáticas consecuencias de los años de adicción a la austeridad ¿Aún hay esperanza para el futuro?
Authors: Parguez Alain
Published: June 2020

En una primera parte revela la verdadera naturaleza de las políticas de austeridad. En la segunda parte explica que, durante casi cuarenta años, la austeridad se convirtió en una adicción mortal que consagró el triunfo de una ideología: el neoliberalismo moderno (NLM). La última parte está dedicada a la prueba de que la adicción a la austeridad destruyó el tejido mismo de la economía capitalista. En la conclusión se enfatiza que en eso está la explicación de la incapacidad de la sociedad para confrontar un choque exógeno aterrador, como la pandemia en curso. En lugar de renunciar para siempre a su adicción, los gobiernos se esfuerzan por salvar su ideología como personas adictas a las drogas que no pueden escapar de su destino.
Petróleo, COVID-19 y la Economía Global
Authors: Bina Cyrus
Published: June 2020

¿Cómo pueden los precios del petróleo volverse negativos y qué significa para la economía global? Este artículo explica el nuevo giro de la economía global y el papel que juega el petróleo en ello. Se sostiene que la pandemia del COVID-19 condujo instantaneamente a una ruptura de las cadenas de suministro globales, con amplias consecuencias sobre la producción y distribución. Se muestra que esta crisis es fundamentalmente diferente de las anteriores, incluida la Gran Depresión de 1929, el colapso de la banca de ahorro y préstamo de 1987 y la crisis financiera mundial de 2008. La crisis económica de 2020 de COVID-19 se aceleró rápidamente en la medida en que llegó al corazón de la producción; interrumpió las cadenas de suministro y los centros de distribución mundiales, y paralizó los sistemas de transporte comercial en todo el mundo.
Keynes: endogeneidad del dinero y desarrollo bancario
Authors: Delgado Selley Orlando
Published: June 2020

Se trata de la endogeneidad del dinero que se sostiene en planteamientos de J. M. Keynes, que no son enteramente consistentes en sus diferentes trabajos, aunque existe una línea de continuidad en la que la inversión tiene un papel diferente al del ahorro. Se analiza la función decisiva del sistema bancario que tiene en la dinámica económica por su capacidad para otorgar crédito y cómo el banco central cumple un papel importante, limitando el apalancamiento bancario y estableciendo límites a la creación de dinero a través del crédito. Esta revisión rescata planteamientos esenciales de Keynes para sostener un componente fundamental de la economía poskeynesiana: la teoría de la endogeneidad del dinero, teoría que permite explicar la crisis bancaria.

 
Más allá de la Torre de Marfil: vinculaciones de la universidad y sus territorios
Authors: Gonzalez Giselle , Schneider Cecilia
Published: June 2020

Se analiza el rol de la universidad en la región metropolitana de Buenos Aires. En particular, se explora de qué manera participa la universidad en el desarrollo local. Se diseñó un enfoque conceptual multidisciplinar que combina elementos del análisis político-organizacional, de la innovación social y el desarrollo local. Se integraron datos de fuentes primarias y secundarias. Los resultados sugieren que la universidad es un actor relevante para el desarrollo territorial. Aunque su actuación aún es de baja intensidad. Si bien la universidad incorpora esta misión a su agenda, el desarrollo de iniciativas territoriales es frágil en términos regionales y sistémicos.
El Modelo Mexicano de Formación Dual como modelo educativo en pro de la inserción laboral de los jóvenes en México
Authors: Zamora-Torres América-Ivonne , Thalheim Luise
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar la influencia del Modelo Mexicano de Formación Dual (MMFD) como modelo educativo en pro de la inserción laboral de los jóvenes egresados de la educación media superior y superior en México, para lo cual se realiza el análisis factorial de correspondencia para el periodo 2013-2016, a nivel nacional y por entidad federativa. Entre los resultados destaca una relación positiva entre el MMFD y la inserción laboral, donde un mayor escalamiento del MMFD coincide con un decrecimiento de la tasa de desocupación y un incremento en el número de ocupados.