bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The methodical system aimed at forming swimming skills of the cadets majoring in marine profile in the process of training and improving
Authors: Ganchar Oleksiy , Ganchar Ivan , Cherkun Ihor
Published: December 2020

The methodical system aimed at forming swimming skills of the cadets majoring in marine profile in the process of training and improving has been presented in the paper. The article discusses a modern theoretical substantiation, a detailed development of the methodical system of the formation of young people’s motor skills in navigation (young people being of different age and gender) in the process of professional training and improvement under conditions of the sea-based national and international experience. The content of conducting training sessions on the reduced/intense content which extends cadets' abilities in the training process, including compulsory, additional and separate classes on Physical Education and Sports within 5 stages with the fulfillment of home tasks has been given: development of the forces of abdominal muscles, arms and legs as well as flexibility in the joints of limbs, spine and trunk, as the most backward. The initial stage of training the cadets' swimming skills accounts to 4/6 compulsory, 4/6 additional and 4/6 independent classes – I semester, the loading volume for girls/young men corresponds to 500/700 m (the duration is 60 min, the intensity of heart rate accounts to 120-144 beats/min); the stage aimed at the in-depth formation of their swimming skills corresponds to 4/8 compulsory, 4/8 additional and 4/8 independent classes – II semester, the loading volume for girls/young men accounts to 600/800 meters, the duration is 60 minutes, the intensity of heart rate equals to 132-150 beats/min; the stage aimed at the initial improvement of their swimming skills involves 4/10 compulsory, 4/10 of additional, 4/10 independent classes in II semester, the loading volume for girls/young men accounts up to 700/900 m., the duration of training is more than 60 min, the intensity of heart rate corresponds to 144-162 beats/min; the stage aimed at the in-depth improvement of swimming skills involves 4/12 compulsory, 4/12 additional, 4/12 independent classes in IV semesters, the loading volume of swimming for girls/boys accounts up to 800/1000 m, the intensity of heart rate equals to 150-168 beats/min, during classes, the training takes over 50/60 minutes; the stage of the in-depth improvement of sports swimming skills includes 4/12 compulsory, 4/12 additional, 4/12 independent classes within I-IV semesters, the loading volume of swimming for girls/boys accounts up to 1000-1200 m, the intensity of heart rate corresponds to 162-180 beats/min, during the sessions, 60-70 minutes is the time given to the national swimming team.
Transformation of education under conditions of digital society development: European experience and prospects for Ukraine
Authors: Strutynska Oksana
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with analysis, generalisation and systematisation of the European experience in the field of digital transformation of education. Nowadays, when a digital society is being built, digital transformation is becoming the basis for the world economic development. This leads to a rapid change in the professions being in demand in the employment market and, consequently, the professional requirements for the qualification framework, competences in particular. Thus, educational activities require updating the content and methods of teaching, finding innovative forms of learning, expanding the access to educational resources, implementing learning opportunities without restrictions on the bases of space and time, introducing new approaches to the organisation of educational services in general. The purpose of this study is to analyse and systematise the European experience in the field of the digital transformation of education, outlining some ways to use it for transforming the education in Ukraine. The main research methods used are as follows: a systematic analysis of regulatory, scientific, and methodological sources on the digital transformation of education in European countries, the study of the methodological tools to support teachers in the development of a digital society. For the digital transformation of education, it is necessary to take a number of important steps which include: the development of normative initiatives by the state to ensure the regulatory framework enabling the transformation of education; the modernisation of educational systems, the updating of the content of school and university education; training and retraining of teachers, taking into consideration the increasing proficiency level of their digital skills and competences. The paper presents in detail how these steps are implemented in the EU. Based on the analysed sources, we can come to these conclusions: in Europe, the conditions facilitating an increase in pedagogues’ proficiency in terms of digital competences have been created; the tools aimed at supporting their activities have been developed, which contributes to the digital transformation of education in general. Ukraine has also recognised the digital transformation as a priority policy for the development of the digital economy and the emergence of a digital society as a whole. To ensure a quality educational process, the modern education system of Ukraine needs changes. The digitalisation of all levels of education, and, in the future, their digital transformation appear to be important steps in this respect.
An Examination of 5th Grade Mathematics Curriculum in Terms of 21st Century Skills
Authors: Vural Ömer Faruk , Vural Selma
Published: December 2020

It is seen that due to the social, economic, political and technological developments in the 21st century, the required professional qualifications began to change and their future expectations began to differ. Various changes are expected in the education systems in line with these expectations and needs. In today's world, it is more important to be able to make sense of information, to use it, to distinguish what is important and unimportant information and to associate information with daily life rather than transferring information to students. Schools should emphasize on life skills rather than technical skills, so that individuals can adapt to changes. In this respect, various institutions tried to define the skills that individuals should have in the 21st century and these skills were also called 21st century skills. 21st century skills are one of the most important issues that today focus on those who direct education. The reason for this is that we need to determine nowadays what skills and knowledge the generations will have after 20 years. Although 21st century skills are defined differently by different institutions, we can say that the main skills mentioned are often the same. In this study, it is aimed to find out which skills the objectives of the fifth grade mathematics courses taught in Turkey are covered in terms of acquiring 21st century skills through the acquisitions and explanations determined by the Ministry of National Education. In this direction, qualitative research method was used in this study. Document analysis was used in data collection process and descriptive analysis was preferred for data analysis. At the end of the study, there was no data found regarding to “learning to learn”, “taking initiative and entrepreneurship”, “communication” and “productivity” skills in the objectives of the fifth grade mathematics curriculum. The findings showed that “problem solving”, “critical thinking”, “creativity”, “ICT literacy”, “social and cultural skills and citizenship” and “cooperation” skills were found but inadequate in the objectives of the fifth grade mathematics curriculum. In general, the fifth grade mathematics curriculum focuses on “mathematics competence” skill in the objectives.
Review of Drinking Water Quality in Nigeria: Towards Attaining the Sustainable Development Goal Six
Authors: Nwinyi Obinna C. , Uyi Osariyekemwen , Awosanya Emmanuel J. , Oyeyemi Ifeoluwa T. , Ugbenyen Anthony M. , Muhammad Aliyu , Alabi Okunola A. , Ekwunife Obinna I. , Adetunji Charles O. , Omoruyi Iyekhoetin M.
Published: December 2020

Access to potable water is a major problem confronting most developing nations particularly with the overwhelming health burden posed by polluted water and its sources. In this review, studies on the level of contamination of drinking water sources in different geopolitical zones in Nigeria were assessed. The anthropogenic activities eliciting the pollutions were extensively discussed. Overall, the level of Nigeria preparedness in meeting the sustainable development goal number 6 (SDG no 6: to ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all) was evaluated. Cogent methods that could enhance the achievement of SDG no. 6 were suggested. From our analysis of published literature, pre- and post- SDG implementation in Nigeria, it is clear that no significant progress has been made in providing potable water for all in Nigeria. All implementing partners must therefore rejig the process to ensure the availability of potable water, in order to achieve the sustainable development goal six.
Reference Values of Hematological, Biochemical and Endocrinological Parameters in the Blood of Piglets Aged 1 and 21 Days
Authors: Cincović Marko , Mirkov Mile , Radović Ivan , Belić Branislava , Lakić Ivana
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is to determine the reference ranges for hematological, biochemical and endocrinological parameters in the blood of the commercial F1 Landrace x Yorkshire and Yorkshire x Landrace piglets aged 1 and 21 days. A total of 72 animals were enrolled in this study. The following reference ranges were determined for the blood parameters considered (day 1 vs. day 21): WBC 10.0-12.4 vs. 11.5-13.7 × 109/L; RBC 3.72-4.06 vs. 5.25-5.73 × 1012/L; HGB 71.4-79.0 vs. 100-110 g/L; HCT 24.4-26.5 vs. 35.7-39.1 %; MCV 64.4-66.0 vs. 72.7-74.8 fL; MCH 20.9-21.7 vs. 24.7-25.6 pg; MCHC 321-329 vs. 367-378 g/L; AST 78.5-98.9 vs. 51.8-66 U/L; ALT 72.5-84.5 vs. 65.9-76.5 U/L; CHOL 2.41-2.71 vs. 3.81-4.27 mmol/L; TGC 1.55-1.93 vs. 1.85-2.25 mmol/L; GLU 5.58-6.24 vs. 5.97-6.67 mmol/L; TPROT 55.2-59.4 vs. 65-69.9 g/L; ALB 13.4-15.1 vs. 27.8-30.9 g/L, GLOB 41.3-44.8 vs. 35.3-40.9 g/L; UREA mmol/L; TBIL 36.6-44.5 vs. 29.4-40.8 μmol/L; ALFAAMYLASE 897-998 vs. 851-949 U/L; LIPASE 74.1-79.7 vs. 88.3-98.1 U/L; CORT 140-196 vs. 41.4-63.8 ng/mL; INSUL 4.04-5.68 vs. 1.71-2.41 μU/L. The RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, and MCHC values recorded were found to be higher in the piglets aged 21 days than those in the piglets aged 1 day. The total leukocyte count did not differ between the experimental groups. Lower AST, ALT, globulin, cortisol and insulin values were detected in the piglets aged 21 days than those in the piglets aged 1 day. However, the values of triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, albumin and lipase were found to be higher in the piglets aged 21 days than those in the piglets aged 1 day. The glucose, alpha amylase and total bilirubin (TBIL) values did not differ significantly between the experimental groups. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test conducted shows that there are significant differences in the frequency distribution of most of the blood parameters tested in the pigs aged 1 and 21 days, which confirms that a separate reference interval must be determined and applied to the respective piglet ages considered. The establishment of reference values for different age categories can facilitate the assessment of health status and productive performance of farm piglets.
The Marketing Concept of Agricultural Holdings: The Case of Serbian Cheese
Authors: Užar Dubravka , Radojević Vuk , Mugoša Izabela
Published: December 2020

The production of cheese as a value-added product occupies a prominent place in the food system of economically developed countries and is an important revenue generator for all participants in the production chain. The absence or insufficient application of the marketing concept reduces the possibility of efficient and effective utilization of available resources and hinders obtaining a competitive position of cheese producers in the market. The extent of marketing concept implementation in the business of cheese-producing agricultural holdings is a significant factor for their differentiation, development and growth. Empirical research was carried out using the survey method by creating a questionnaire for 78 holdings engaged in cheese production in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. The Serbian cheese producers considered were surveyed about their business structure, production operations and strategic plans for the future. The objective of the research was to identify the place and role of the marketing concept in the business practice of registered agricultural holdings for cheese production in the Republic of Serbia. A lack of their awareness of the importance of marketing in business was found to be associated with a lack of their knowledge about the basic elements, essence and purpose of the marketing concept. Therefore, a major challenge for the agricultural sector is to encourage farmers to develop marketing skills. To be successful in the market, farmers need to have a better understanding of markets. It is necessary to educate small cheese producers about the importance of marketing in order to obtain a better market position and increase their profitability.
Gender Involvement of Sedentary Fulani in Dairy Farming Practices in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Agboola Abiodun Fafolarin , Ojo Omolara Aduke , Famakinwa Michael , Williams Sheriff Olatunji
Published: December 2020

The study assessed the gender involvement of sedentary Fulani in dairy farming practices in Osun State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 256 respondents from 12 Local Government Areas (LGAs) inhabited by the sedentary Fulani in the study area. Interview schedules were used for quantitative data collection. Data were analyzed and interpreted using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, means and standard deviations while one-way ANOVA was used to draw inferences on the hypothesis. The results showed that the mean age of the male and female respondents was 34.05 ± 12.49 years and 33.33 ± 13.14 years respectively. The majority of the male (85.9 %) and female (89.8 %) respondents had no formal education. The mean herd size of male and female respondents was 20 ± 2 and 5 ± 2 heads of cattle respectively. All of the male respondents indicated that fencing, grazing and milking were male gender roles, while all female respondents indicated that cleaning of pens, sales of milk/milk products and processing of milk were female gender roles. The study showed that 42.7% of the male and10.2% of the female respondents had high level of involvement in dairy farming activities, while 24.7% of the male and 44.2% of the female respondents had low level of involvement. Further results revealed that there were significant differences (F = 312.80) between the male and female respondents in their involvement in dairy farming practice. The study concluded that there is gender gap in male and female involvement in dairy farming practices.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Customer Trust in Online Hotel Booking Website Usage
Authors: Baki Rahmi
Published: December 2020

Tourism is a rapidly growing industry worldwide, and internet technologies are becoming increasingly important in that industry. Online hotel booking website (OHBW) has become an important tool in the marketing of hotel services. In this study, the factors affecting the trust perception of OHBW users were investigated. Data collected from 456 consumers using OHBWs were analysed using structural equation modelling. The results showed that reputation, security, ease of use and risk significantly affected the user's perception of trust. In addition, the perception of trust has a positive effect on customer loyalty. As a result, this study aims to provide useful findings to OHBW managers and researchers who want to increase customer trust and ensure their loyalty.
Competitiveness of Guayaquil towards bleisure tourism
Authors: Caicedo-Barreth Alba , Pavón Enrique Santos , Santos Luís Lima
Published: December 2020

Guayaquil is proposed as a tourist and business destination, aiming to stand out as a digital city, with a suitable airport, a convention centre and high-level accommodation capacity. The city receives many domestic and international tourists, although not always as the main destination of their visit. One of the tourist markets offered by the city is that of business, due to the important economic activity that takes place here, being the venue of congresses and international events. This has allowed the city to gain significant value in the business tourism sector, providing constant and profitable growth. However, the lack of study of the international market, specifically the millennial business sector, is affecting Guayaquil's competitiveness compared to other destinations that have already recognized the differentiated profile of visitors from this age group, and that consequently offer a fusion of business and leisure tourism. This research was carried out during the second semester of 2018, evaluating the market of the new bleisure trend in Guayaquil. The results evidence the limited supply directed to this market segment, the lack of exploitation of business tourism and the continued lack of capacity of the tourism sector to satisfy the bleisure market. The conclusions focus on how tourism competitiveness can be achieved in business cities that also encompass places or activities where visitors can have a relaxing time.
Examining and Forecasting Tourist Arrivals and Speleotourism Development in Resava Cave (Eastern Serbia)
Authors: Antić Aleksandar , Vujko Aleksandra , Tomić Nemanja
Published: December 2020

Caves, gorges, canyons, waterfalls and other karst geoheritage sites have been the focus of many tourists who visit Serbia. Caves have been visited and explored by numerous school excursions and scientific expeditions. Thus speleotourism in Serbia possesses great potential for local and regional economic empowerment. Moreover, analyzing the influence of complementary tourist activities for speleotourism can generate more knowledge for future development strategies. This paper aims to forecast tourist arrivals in Resava Cave and thus determine the current and future conditions of speleotourism development. According to the current speleotourist traffic, Resava Cave is the most developed speleotourism destination in Serbia. Therefore, estimating the growth of tourist traffic is crucial for understanding its true potential.
A General Study of Fundamental Solutions in Aniotropicthermoelastic Media with Mass Diffusion and Voids
Authors: Chawla Vijay , Kamboj Deepmala
Published: December 2020

The present paper deals with the study of a fundamental solution in transversely isotropic thermoelastic media with mass diffusion and voids. For this purpose, a two-dimensional general solution in transversely isotropic thermoelastic media with mass diffusion and voids is derived first. On the basis of the obtained general solution, the fundamental solution for a steady point heat source on the surface of a semi-infinite transversely isotropic thermoelastic material with mass diffusion and voids is derived by nine newly introduced harmonic functions. The components of displacement, stress, temperature distribution, mass concentration and voids are expressed in terms of elementary functions and are convenient to use. From the present investigation, some special cases of interest are also deduced and compared with the previous results obtained, which prove the correctness of the present result.
The Effect of Modulation on Heat Transport by a Weakly Nonlinear Thermal Instability in the Presence of Applied Magnetic Field and Internal Heating
Authors: Manjula S.H. , Kiran Palle , Narsimlu G. , Roslan R.
Published: December 2020

The present paper deals with a weakly nonlinear stability problem under an imposed time-periodic thermal modulation. The temperature has two parts: a constant part and an externally imposed time-dependent part. We focus on stationary convection using the slow time scale and quantify convective amplitude through the real Ginzburg-Landau equation (GLE). We have used the classical fourth order Runge-Kutta method to solve the real Ginzburg-Landau equation. The effect of various parameters on heat transport is discussed through GLE. It is found that heat transport analysis is controlled by suitably adjusting the frequency and amplitude of modulation. The applied magnetic field (effect of Ha) is to diminish the heat transfer in the system. Three different types of modulations thermal, gravity, and magnetic field have been compared. It is concluded that thermal modulation is more effective than gravity and magnetic modulation. The magnetic modulation stabilizes more and gravity modulation stabilizes partially than thermal modulation.
Analytical Model of the Two-Mass Above Resonance System of the Eccentric-Pendulum Type Vibration Table
Authors: Lanets O.S. , Dmytriv V.T. , Borovets V.M. , Derevenko I.A. , Horodetskyy I.M.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with atwo-mass above resonant oscillatory system of an eccentric-pendulum type vibrating table. Based on the model of a vibrating oscillatory system with three masses, the system of differential equations of motion of oscillating masses with five degrees of freedom is compiled using generalized Lagrange equations of the second kind. For given values of mechanical parameters of the oscillatory system and initial conditions, the autonomous system of differential equations of motion of oscillating masses is solved by the numerical Rosenbrock method. The results of analytical modelling are verified by experimental studies. The two-mass vibration system with eccentric-pendulum drive in resonant oscillation mode is characterized by an instantaneous start and stop of the drive without prolonged transient modes. Parasitic oscillations of the working body, as a body with distributed mass, are minimal at the frequency of forced oscillations.
Decomposition of co-worker wage gains
Authors: Boza István , Ilyés Virág
Published: December 2020

We address the presence, magnitude, and composition of wage gains related to former co-workers and discuss the mechanisms that could explain their existence. Using Hungarian linked employer–employee administrative data and proxying actual co-workership with overlapping work histories, we show that the overall wage gain attributable to former co-workers consists of multiple elements: a contact-specific, an individual-specific, a firm-specific and a match-specific component. Former co-workers, besides the direct effect of their presence, may funnel individuals into high-paying firms, enhance the sorting of good quality workers into firms, and may contribute to the creation of better employer–employee matches. By introducing and applying a wage-decomposition technique, we demonstrate that there are non-negligible differences between linked and market hires in all empirically separable wage elements. By focusing on specific scenarios, we provide additional empirical evidence in favor of employee referral and information transmission as the main drivers of co-worker gains.
The Future of Mapping – 3D Maps, the Comparison of two of the Most Used Methods in Photogrammetric Field
Authors: Picu Iuliana Cuibac , Dragomir P. , Peters R.
Published: December 2020

In the last 15 years, mapping technology has become a necessity in smart cities planning. And 2D are starting to be augmented by 3D maps. 3D Maps are already used in the cartographic field, to create a three-dimensional view of the terrain and buildings. In this paper we address the concept of 3D Maps and we compare two methods to generate such maps. In this study two 3D maps were built, one using photogrammetric 3D stereo-restitution and one using automatic extrusion from a LiDAR point cloud and a set of 2D vector polygons. Upon comparison of these maps, we have concluded that the accuracy of the two maps is very similar and it depends very much on the input data and we have observed that creating a precise 3D map in photogrammetric environment takes much longer than the one built using the LiDAR point cloud. As 3D maps become the future of mapping, there is a continuous need for more accurate and complete field data to be collected and processed. Once more detailed field data becomes available, a clear conclusion on which of the methods provide us with a more accurate 3D map could be drawn. The evolution of 3D mapping is rapidly growing together with the applications developed to use it, especially in surveying and material monitoring. The key to future development of smart cities in based on better designs and infrastructures, and 3D mapping technology is a vital instrument to assist such a development.
Aerial Point Cloud Classification Using an Alternative Approach for the Dynamic Computation of K-Nearest Neighbors
Authors: Pârvu Iuliana Maria , Özdemir E. , Remondino F.
Published: December 2020

The paper reports some methods to select the optimal number of neighbors and to use eigenfeatures for aerial point cloud classification. In the literature, the neighborhood selection is performed using different methods. In this paper, we propose an approach that uses the region growing algorithm. The input data is an aerial point cloud, part of the Romanian Dataset from LAKI II Project. To test our approach, we used a small dataset from the city of Marghita, Bihor County. We report the technical background for classification process and all technical details of the workflow used with insight analyses and comparisons. The work was realized within the VOLTA project (VOLTA, 2017), a RISE Marie-Curie action designed to do research and innovation activities among partners and to exchange knowledge, methods and workflows in the geospatial field.
LEADER as a mechanism of neo-endogenous development of rural areas: the case of Poland
Authors: Biczkowski Mirosław
Published: December 2020

The main aim of this paper is a quantitative and structural comprehensive evaluation of LEADER projects presented in the context of local resources, which determine development opportunities. The issue has been discussed mainly from a geographical and spatial perspective. The impact of the LEADER approach on increasing the mobilisation of local communities and their use of rural resources was evaluated; as a result, this has enabled a bottom-up simulation of the development of local government units. The LEADER approach has substantially contributed to the mobilisation of local resources in rural areas (e.g. growth in the number Local Action Groups (LAGs) from 149 to 338). It was found that the involvement of LAGs had a positive impact on the activity of inhabitants (i.e. an increase in the number of initiatives undertaken, the absorption of European Union (EU) funds). The nature of the implemented projects demonstrates that LEADER combines investment actions with social projects. In general, it has been implemented more successfully in areas where investments are related to genuine needs and local resources.
Perception of the Modern Movement in Architecture as Cultural Heritage
Authors: Doğan Huriye Armağan
Published: December 2020

When the definition of cultural heritage in architecture is questioned regarding the perception of society, the results demonstrate that people identify cultural heritage as both material and spiritual achievements in the past and as a reflection of identity associated with historical monuments. Furthermore, the distinction between monument and cultural heritage does not have a well-distinguished definition for society in most cases. Therefore, the perception of people in the appraisal of cultural heritage consistently obscures the protection process, especially regarding the heritage of the Modern Movement era in architecture which started to be seen in the 20th century. While the experts acknowledge Modern Movement artefacts as cultural heritage, in most cases the perception of non-experts differs. Therefore, its architectural merit is not appreciated by society in the way it deserves, neither as an artefact nor as cultural heritage. By both literature review and performed research, this paper aims to analyse the reasons which create deprecation regarding the evaluation of Modern Movement heritage. Furthermore, it tries to suggest a series of actions which can be taken for achieving the protection of Modern Movement heritage.
Peculiarity of the Origins of Chinese Historiography of the Fine Arts
Authors: Andrijauskas Antanas
Published: December 2020

The article is dedicated to the research of the origins and peculiarity of classical Chinese historiography of fine arts from the broader civilisational perspective. Based on the principles of comparative analysis, the paper reveals the peculiarities of formation of Chinese historiography of fine arts, its attention to the analysis of various methods, styles, schools, directions and different internal and external factors of artistic creativity and development, highlighting its relationship with neo-Confucianist ideology that influenced the rise of “Chinese renaissance”. The article focuses on written work by three most prominent historiographers of the Tang and Song eras, Zhu Jingxuan, Zhang Yanyuan and Guo Ruoxu. The analysis of authentic treatises of historiography first exposes the theoretical peculiarity of the founder of this tradition, Zhu Jingxuan, the principal scope of issues that interested him, and the impact of his research strategies and methods on later scholars. The article follows with the research of Zhang Yanyuan’s and Guo Ruoxu’s theories, particularly their relationship with neo-Confucianist ideology. Based on the detailed comparative analysis of their treatises, the analysis shows the broadening of the field of historiographical issues of interest to them, as well as separation of historiography of fine arts into an individual influential direction of art criticism.
Authenticity/Genuineness/Truth (Zhen 真 ) in Chinese Traditional Art Theories and Aesthetics
Authors: Poškaitė Loreta
Published: December 2020

The uniqueness of Chinese traditional art and aesthetics is often presented by the popular Chinese saying “art is manifestation of Dao”, which could mean manifestation of truth or authenticity, since Dao 道 in Classical Daoism was understood as authentic being and a source of authenticity. However, the meaning of authenticity/truth (zhen 真 ) in Chinese aesthetics and theories of art seems less discussed, and far more complicated, than the term Dao. This article argues that zhen is no less important for understanding the nature of artistic creativity and expression in Chinese arts and their theories in the historical perspective, and the issue of likeness in art in particular. It demonstrates how this term is related to the evaluation of the work of art, the artist’s expression and self-expression, and his/her relation to the “object” represented in art; in other words, with representation, imagination and morality, which is evident in such compounds as “drawing truthfulness” (xie zhen 写真), and “to create the truth” (chuang zhen 創真). The article deals with the conceptual and historical analysis of the term zhen, aiming to survey the differences and changes of its meaning in theories of painting, literature and “aesthetics of things” (antiquarianism), and to reveal the relations between its philosophical and aesthetic interpretations, especially evident in the Ming dynasty.
Exploring digital divides in older adults’ news consumption
Authors: Bergström Annika
Published: December 2020

Media structure is rapidly steering towards digital formats and distribution. Meanwhile, many Western societies have ageing populations, where older adults are less digitally active than the population at large. This, combined with the fact that the news media are crucial in providing information and fostering engagement and cohesion, means that the news consumption of older adults deserves scholarly attention. Based on national representative surveys, this article analyses the use of traditional and digital news among people aged 66 to 85 between 2014 and 2018. The findings show that the overall reading of newspapers is decreasing among pensioners of all ages, whereas radio and television news both have rather stable audience shares. Despite the overall decline of newspaper reading, the reading of digital newspapers is becoming more common, and digital newspapers seem, to some extent, to have replaced printed newspapers. Concerning factors explaining digital news consumption among the 65+ group, general Internet habits, sex, and political interest are shown to be the most important.
The Relevance of Phenomenological Analysis Within Current Epistemology
Authors: Livadas Stathis
Published: December 2020

This article is primarily concerned with the articulation of a defensible position on the relevance of phenomenological analysis with the current epistemological edifice as this latter has evolved since the rupture with the classical scientific paradigm pointing to the Newtonian-Leibnizian tradition which took place around the beginning of 20th century. My approach is generally based on the reduction of the objects-contents of natural sciences, abstracted in the form of ideal objectivities in the corresponding logical-mathematical theories, to the content of meaning-acts ultimately referring to a specific being-within-the-world experience. This is a position that finds itself in line with Husserl’s gradual departure from the psychologistic interpretations of his earlier works on the philosophy of logic and mathematics and culminates in a properly meant phenomenological foundation of natural sciences in his last major published work, namely the Crisis of European Sciences and the Transcendental Phenomenology (Husserl, 1962). Further this article tries to set up a context of discourse in which to found both physical and formal objects in parallel terms as essentially temporal-noematic objects to the extent that they may be considered as invariants of the constitutional modes of a temporal consciousness.
Risk of malignancy and biologic therapy in rheumatic inflammatory diseases: A single-center experience
Authors: Cometi Laura , Bruni Cosimo , Passavanti Saverio , Tofani Lorenzo , Bartoli Francesca , Fiori Ginevra , Nacci Francesca , Lepri Gemma , Orlandi Martina , Melchiorre Daniela , Antonuzzo Lorenzo , Matucci-Cerinic Marco , Moggi-Pignone Alberto
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) have significantly improved the care of patients with rheumatic muscle-skeletal disorders (RMDs). Considering their immunosuppressive action, a theoretical increase of malignancy risk has been a major concern in the last few decades. The objective of this study is to analyze the incidence of malignancies in a cohort of patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriathic arthritis (PsA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) treated with bDMARDs.

Methods

The charts of bDMARD-treated RMD patients were reviewed, and data about bDMARD exposure and malignant cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) were collected.

Results

921 patients were included (median age: 50.59 years, 66.67% females); 1374 bDMARD treatments were administered, 87.12% were tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. A total of 21 malignant neoplasms were detected in 21 patients (61.90% females, median age at cancer diagnosis: 64.99 years), 66.67% in RA patients, 19.05% in PsA, and 14.28% in AS. Among them, 10 patients (47.62%) were treated with etanercept, 6 patients (28.57%) with adalimumab, and 1 case each with tocilizumab, certolizumab, golimumab, infliximab, and abatacept. The most common malignancies that we found were lung cancers, ductal mammary carcinomas, melanomas, and lymphomas. The incidence rate (IR) of malignancies in our cohort was 3.47 per 1000 person-years (p-y); the higher IRs were in RA patients (5.13 per 1000 p-y), in males (4.21 per 1000 p-y), and in patients aged >70 years (10.14 per 1000 p-y).

Conclusions

The results of our study showed IR of malignancies in RMD patients treated with bDMARDs that is in agreement with literature data.
Interleukin-17 inhibitors for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Huang Jin-Xian , Zhang Li-Jun , Wei James Cheng-Chung
Published: December 2020

Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) has been applied in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) for many years but still with an unmed need due to inefficacy or intolerance. Current treatment guideline recommended the use of IL-17 inhibitors over a second TNFi in patients with primary nonresponse to the first TNFi. We herein review the present available IL-17 inhibitors including secukinumab (SEC), ixekizumab (IXE), brodalumab and bimekizumab (BKZ) in clinical trials of AS. Therapeutic response and safe profile have been discussed in detail for each drug. Overall, IL-17 inhibitors were proved to be alternatives for biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in AS, which might be safer for tuberculosis while candida infection should be monitored in long term treatment.
SEDENTARY BEHAVIOUR PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DI KECAMATAN DENPASAR TIMUR
Authors: Puspita Luh Mira , Utami Kadek Cahya
Published: December 2020

Obesitas pada anak berisiko tinggi menjadi obesitas dewasa dan berpotensi mengalami penyakit seperti penyakit kardiovaskular. Obesitas akan menyebabkan masalah kesehatan pada anak usia sekolah yaitu sekitar 20-30% anak menderita hipertensi, diabetes meillitus tipe 2 dan sleep apnea. Anak juga akan mengalami gangguan psikososial seperti depresi dan rasa percaya diri yang rendah. Salah satu faktor penyebab obesitas pada anak usia sekolah yaitu sedentary behaviour terdiri dari membaca, duduk, dan screen based activity (menonton televisi, bermain video game, bermain komputer dan bermain smartphone). Hasil riset di Bali khususnya di Kota Denpasar, anak usia lebih dari sepuluh tahun yang melakukan sedentary behaviour terbanyak yaitu selama 6 jam per harinya dan hasilnya sebesar 44,0%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sedentary behaviour pada anak usia sekolah di Kecamatan Denpasar Timur. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan desain penelitian menggunakan studi kohort. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah anak sekolah dasar usia 10-12 tahun yang berjumlah 122 anak.  Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa sedentary behavior yang paling banyak dilakukan oleh anak usia sekolah adalah screen based activity khususnya menonton televisi. Orangtua disarankan untuk membatasi aktivitas menonton televisi pada anak dan meningkatkan aktivitas fisik.
GAMBARAN MOTIVASI BEKERJA PERAWAT DALAM MASA PANDEMI CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) DI BALI
Authors: Darma Yanti Ni Putu Emy , Susiladewi Ida Ayu Made Vera , Pradiksa Hary
Published: December 2020

Perawat memiliki kewajiban professional untuk merawat pasien dalam berbagai kondisi, termasuk dalam kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Kekhawatiran perawat mengenai pekerjaan dan dampaknya terhadap dirinya sendiri dapat menurunkan motivasi perawat dalam bekerja.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaranmotivasi bekerjaperawat dalam masa pandemi COVID-19 di Bali. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desaindeskriptif surveipada 193perawat di Bali melalui purposive sampling. Hasil analisis data mendapatkan mayoritas motivasi bekerja perawat dalam masa pandemi COVID-19 ada pada kategori motivasi baik yaitu 52.8%. Mayoritas perawat menjawab setuju pada setiap item pernyataan yang diberikan terkait motivasi bekerja perawatkecuali poin satu dan dua. Pernyataan pada poin satu “Kompensasi yang saya terima akan memengaruhi kinerja untuk lebih baik”, sebagian besar peserta penelitian menjawab sangat setuju yaitu 45.1%. Sedangkan poin dua yaitu dengan pernyataan “Kompensasi yang saya terima selama ini sudah sesuai dengan beban kerja saya” mayoritas peserta penelitian menjawab “Tidak Setuju” yaitu 40.9%.Motivasi bekerja perawat yang baik dalam masa pandemi COVID-19 diharapkan dapat meningkatkan rasa percaya diri perawat dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien COVID-19.
Investigasi sifat mekanis sambungan Dissimilar Friction Stir welding (DFSW) Aluminium Alloys (AA5052 to AA6061)
Authors: Arsyad Suyuti Muhammad , . Apollo , Iswar Muhammad , Nur Rusdi
Published: December 2020

The joint for two different materials (AA5052 and AA6061) can be done by the Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding (DFSW) process. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the mechanical properties of dissimilar welding joints. In this study the DFSW process uses a tool with a shoulder Ø 17.8 mm and a cylindrical pin Ø 5 mm. FSW blocking is done on conventional milling machines with 1300 rpm, 1950 rpm and 2850 rpm tool rotation variations, while the welding speed variations are 43 mm / min, 130 mm / min and 240 mm / min. The results of mechanical properties testing showed the highest hardness value obtained was 55.3 HBN at 1300 rpm with 240 mm / min feeding, the highest tensile strength occurred for 1300 rpm and 240 mm / min feeding at 123.51 MPa. The fracture of the tensile test results generally occurs in the HAZ area and the AA5052 base metal Nugget. Investigation results show that the DFSW connection of aluminum alloy material AA 6061 and AA 5052 adapt is well connected, but in terms of general strength the tensile strength of the joint (HAZ and Nugget) is smaller than the tensile strength of the base metal. This DFSW connection adaptation is applied to connections that do not accept load or tensile strength due to the load received by the connection not to exceed the maximum tensile strength of base metal AA 5052
Rancang Bangun Prototipe PLTPh Sebagai Listrik Penerangan Kapasitas 9 Watt
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad , Dirja Iman , Naubnome Viktor
Published: December 2020

This study aims to realize the manufacturing of a prototype design of a pico-hydro power plant, which is expected to be a science of study and a reference for students at the University of Singaperbangsa Karawang in particular and Indonesian students in general, as well as monitoring the performance test of the prototype of pico-hydro power plant that is used as an electricity needs for lighting. The design and manufacture of this prototype require several supporting components: a). Pressure gauge; b). Pelton type turbines; c). Tacho Meter; d). Single-phase Ac generator; e). Avometer; f). Energy saving LED lamp. Pico-hydro power plant prototype testing is carried out by measuring the voltage generated by the generator, tested at no load and given a load using variations of 55%, 70%, 85%, 100% valve openings. Based on the results of the performance test, the pico-hydro power plant can work well. That matter can be seen from the largest flow valve opening which results in a high water flow rate, so that it can rotate the turbine quickly. The flow rate greatly affects the generator rotation. No-load test results, the largest voltage of 90 volts is obtained when using 100% valve opening, with the output producing an air flow of 0.0017 m3 / s, rotation (N1) 136 rpm, rotation (N2) 979 rpm. The results with the load, the largest voltage of 60 volts is obtained when using 100% valve openings, with the output producing rotation (N1) 133 rpm, rotation (N2) 957 rpm, and current 0.13 A when supplying the 4 LED lamps type of 3 watts with litting up brightly.
Minimizing Total Production Cost in a Hybrid Flow Shop: a Simulation-Optimization Approach
Authors: Istokovic D. , Perinic M. , Vlatkovic M. , Brezocnik M.
Published: December 2020

To ensure the competitiveness of manufacturing companies in the market, batching and batch scheduling are among the most important tasks. This paper presents a simulation-optimization approach that combines the discrete event simulation (DES) and the genetic algorithm (GA) to solve the batching and batch scheduling problem in a hybrid flow shop (HFS). HFS is widely used for the production of medium and large quantities of different technologically complex products. Based on a real-world manufacturing company, the HFS simulation model was developed using the Tecnomatix Plant Simulation software package. By analysing the influencing factors that represent production costs, a new formulation of the total cost of production was proposed. The purpose of this case study was to ensure timely delivery and minimize production costs by integrating simulation and optimization tools. This research considers sequence-dependent setup times, and availability of manufacturing and transportation equipment. The results of this research showed that the proposed simulation-optimization approach can be applied to solve the problem in many industrial case studies.
Coupling Properties of Chain Drive System under Various and Eccentric Loads
Authors: Ren W. J. , Wang L. , Mao Q. H. , Jiang S. B. , Huang S.
Published: December 2020

The chain drive system is a core subsystem of heavy scraper conveyors. During operation, violent oscillations of fluctuating loads on the chain and uneven loads at the two chain sides are observed, thus intensifying chain wear and even causing chain breakage. The dynamic properties of a chain drive system under various load and eccentric load were discussed thoroughly by combining dynamic and discrete element coupling analyses to improve the reliability of the scraper conveyor. Based on the discrete element method and multibody dynamic theory, a coupling analysis model of a scraper conveyor was constructed, and a simulation analysis on coal conveying process under various load and eccentric load was carried out. Simulation results demonstrate that the transverse vibration of the chain is positively related to coal conveying quantity, whereas longitudinal vibration is negatively correlated to coal conveying quantity. The transverse vibration rate under full loads is 513.62 % higher than that under idle condition, while the longitudinal vibration rate is 53.44 % lower. The effects of coals on transverse vibration and longitudinal vibration of a chain ring are opposite.
Simulation of Pneumatic Systems Using Automation StudioTM Software Platform
Authors: Ghinea M. , Agud M. , Bodog M.
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, more and more industrial applications use pneumatic systems instead of hydraulic, electrical or mixed systems. This article presents the applicability of pneumatic engines for compressed air vehicles (CAV) from the perspective of their simulation on the Automation Studio software platform. It is desired to use the mechanical work produced by only pneumatic cylinders taken over by a mechanical system that transforms the linear motion into a rotational one, this helping to propel the CAV. A feature of this engine is the limited quantity of compressed air at disposal (a reservoir). Also, the most efficient operation of the pneumatic cylinders is studied to achieve the operation with low consumption of compressed air, thus leading to increased performances. The current simulation was run without the use of specific electric/electronic equipment (PLC /PACs). Therefore, the pneumatic devices had assured the command and control of the system.