bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partai Politik dan Keterwakilan Perempuan (Analisis Problematika Partai Politik dalam Memenuhi Keterwakilan Perempuan di DPRD)
Authors: Azmy Ana Sabhana , Farhah Isnaini Anis
Published: January 2019

Abstract.This research investigates the problems of political parties in meeting the quota of women’s representation in Parliament of Lebak Regency for the period 2014-2019. The objectives of this research are to know the importance of women’s representation and to analyze the barriers that caused difficulties for political parties to fulfill women’s representation in Parliament of Lebak Regency for the period 2014-2019. Method that used in this research is qualitative research with documentation and interview as the data collection technique. Theories used in this research are political party theories by Larry Diamond and women's representation by Anne Phillips and Nadezhda Shvedova. The research found two findings. First,  women’s representation in Parliament of Lebak Regency is strongly important.  Due to the presence of women in Parliament of Lebak Regency can bring women’s interests in politics. Second, the importance of women’s representation in Parliament of Lebak Regency is not supported by a quota of women’s representation in Parliament of Lebak Regency at which only 14%. There are three barriers that caused difficulties for political parties to fulfill women’s representation quota in Parliament of Lebak Regency for the period 2014-2019, namely political barriers, socio-economics barriers, and ideological and psychological barriers.  Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas tentang problematika partai politik dalam memenuhi kuota keterwakilan perempuan di DPRD Kabupaten Lebak periode 2014-2019. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pentingnya representasi keterwakilan perempuan dan menganalisis kendala-kendala yang menyebabkan partai politik sulit memenuhi keterwakilan perempuan di DPRD Kabupaten Lebak periode 2014-2019. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu studi dokumentasi dan wawancara. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori partai politik dari Larry Diamond dan teori keterwakilan perempuan dari Anne Philips dan Nadezhda Svedova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, representasi keterwakilan perempuan di DPRD Kabupaten Lebak sangat penting. Hal ini karena dengan hadirnya perempuan di DPRD Kabupaten Lebak dapat membawa kepentingan-kepentingan perempuan dalam politik. Kedua, pentingnya representasi perempuan di DPRD Kabupaten Lebak tidak didukung dengan kuota keterwakilan perempuan di DPRD Kabupaten Lebak yakni hanya 14%. Ada tiga kendala yang menyebabkan partai politik sulit untuk memenuhi kuota keterwakilan perempuan di DPRD Kabupaten Lebak periode 2014-2019 yaitu kendala politik, kendala sosio-ekonomi, serta kendala ideologis dan psikologis.
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Effectiveness and Herd Protection in Young Women
Authors: Spinner Chelse , Ding Lili , Bernstein David I. , Brown Darron R. , Franco Eduardo L. , Covert Courtney , Kahn Jessica A.
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND:

Clinical trials of the 4-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine demonstrate high efficacy, but surveillance studies are essential to examine the long-term impact of vaccine introduction on HPV prevalence in community settings. The aims of this study were to determine during the 11 years after vaccine introduction the prevalence of (1) vaccine-type HPV in adolescent and young adult women who were vaccinated (to assess vaccine effectiveness) and (2) vaccine-type HPV in women who were unvaccinated (to assess herd protection).

METHODS:

Young women 13 to 26 years of age were recruited from hospital-based and community health clinics for 4 surveillance studies from 2006 to 2017. We determined the proportion of vaccinated and unvaccinated women who were positive for vaccine-type HPV across the studies, and the odds of positivity for vaccine-type HPV using logistic regression; all analyses were propensity score–adjusted to control for between-wave differences in participant characteristics.

RESULTS:

Vaccination rates increased from 0% to 84.3% (97% of study participants received the 4-valent vaccine). Among women who were vaccinated, 4-valent vaccine–type HPV detection decreased from 35% to 6.7% (80.9% decline; odds ratio 0.13, 95% confidence interval 0.08 to 0.22). Among women who were unvaccinated, 4-valent vaccine–type HPV detection decreased from 32.4% to 19.4% (40% decline; odds ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.26 to 0.97). Estimated vaccine effectiveness was 90.6% in wave 3 and 80.1% in wave 4.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this study in which trends in HPV in a US community >10 years after 4-valent HPV vaccine introduction and after 9-valent vaccine introduction were examined, we found evidence of vaccine effectiveness and herd protection. Further research is needed to examine trends in 9-valent vaccine–type HPV after higher rates of vaccination are achieved.
Optimization of the auxiliary ventilation system, based on experiments executed on a ventilation test bench for mines
Authors: Castro-Duque Yesid
Published: January 2019

In this study, the simulation results of the parameters concerning mine ventilation on a test bench are presented. Said investigation incorporated the previous design and implementation of a monitoring system at the laboratory. This was in order to calculate the fan efficiency, based on electrical measurements, and fluid mechanics (Bernoulli theory), and whose results can be observed in real time on a computer or through other similar means. The designed system monitors parameters present in the atmosphere of the test bench’s duct, such as temperature, air pressure, methane gas concentration, and electrical variables like voltage and current. The aforementioned observation is done through a graphical interface designed with LabView 2011 software. Tests were performed varying the accessories. The reduction percentage, allows one to infer that the duct section was adequately designed.
Constitutive simulation of a Kaolin clay with vertical and horizontal sedimentation axes
Authors: Fuentes William Mario , Duque Jose Alejandro , Lascarro Carlos Jose
Published: January 2019

Experimental observations indicate that the mechanical behavior of clays is not only dependent on the stress and void ratio, but on its inherent anisotropy. The latter is the one arising from the material sedimentation process. In this work, the inherent anisotropy of a Kaolin clay is studied. For this purpose, soil samples are prepared with a proposed method producing samples with horizontal and vertical sedimentation axes. The samples go thru permeability tests, unconfined compression tests, oedometric compression tests and direct shear tests and the results carefully analyzed from the constitutive modeling point of view using the hypoplastic model for clays by [1]. Later, identify parameters depending on the inherent anisotropy; then perform some simulations to evaluate the model performance upon different samples with vertical and horizontal sedimentation angles. At the end, some concluding remarks are given.
Temporary wetland evolution in the upper Chinchiná river basin and its relationship with ecosystem dynamics
Authors: Florez-Yepes Gloria Yaneth , Betancur-Pérez Jhon Fredy , Monterroso-Tobar Mario Fernando , Londoño-Bonilla Jhon Makario
Published: January 2019

A study was performed regarding high Andean wetland degradation in a paramo area between the municipalities of Villamaría and Manizales, Colombia, by way of multi-temporal analysis, using satellite images from optical sensors, such as LANDSAT and RAPIDEYE, as well as images from RADAR sensors (ALOS PALSAR, SENTINEL 1), and analysis of anthropic and natural factors. As a result, the wetlands have begun a significant, linear decline with 67.9% water mirror loss in a nine-year period. There is also a direct relationship between wetland loss, and decreases in precipitation, and anthropization processes. It was determined, from the anthropic factor analysis, that that livestock and agricultural land use are those which cause the greatest negative effect on wetland decline in the studied area.
Optimization method of a six-bar steering mechanism formulated with natural coordinates
Authors: Romero-Núñez Neider Nadid , Tuiran Villalba Rafael Eduardo
Published: January 2019

In this work, an optimization method of a six - bars mechanism is proposed, which is formulated with natural coordinates easing the kinematic modeling, since it avoids use of transcendental functions. After the kinematic model is established, the optimization problem is formulated to be solved by using a genetic algorithm with real or continuous coding; thus, avoiding computation of highly complex derivatives. The relevance of this work lies on fact that an alternative method is offered to those dependent on angular parameters, where equations that model the mechanism, are complicated, even in the simplest mechanism.
Analysis of the efficacy of operational availability equations on series and parallel systems
Authors: Hernández-Dávila Eduardo Segundo , Granizo José Antonio , Santillán-Gallegos Marco , Haro-Medina Marco
Published: January 2019

The errors of calculation of the availability may bring as a consequence mistakes in the decision making in operational systems management. For this reason, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy of the current equations for the calculation of the availability of series and parallel systems. For that purpose, the non-manufactured production calculated by these equations was compared with the real non-manufactured production which is a function of the down time of each component. These calculations constituted the deterministic model used in the simulations through Monte Carlo method, for which the statistical software R was used. The results were evaluated by the Kolmogorov Smirnov normality test with the modification of Lilliefors. The comparison of means to evaluate the efficacy of the current equations were performed using the t statistic; for this the data were previously approximated to the normal distribution by the central limit theorem.
Molecular toxicity of potential liquid membranes for lactic acid removal from fermentation broths using Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393
Authors: Pérez Ávila Alan D. , Rodríguez-Barona Sneyder , Fontalvo-Alzate Javier
Published: January 2019

Toxic effects of extractants and carriers of specific microorganisms must be taken into account before using them with hybrid fermentation processes that are combined with liquid membranes or liquid-liquid extraction. In the current research three extractants (trioctylamine, tri-iso-octylamine and Aliquat 336), three diluents (dodecane, dodecanol, and oleyl alcohol) and two mixtures (extractant/diluent) were tested for molecular toxicity on the bacteria Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 as potential components of a liquid membrane or a liquid-liquid extraction process for lactic acid removal in an intensified fermentation process. Glucose consumption, lactic acid production, and cell growth were used as toxicity indicators. Physical properties of extractants and diluents were related to the molecular toxicity on the microorganism. These results show that mixtures of tri-iso-octylamine/dodecane and trioctylamine/dodecane at a proportion of 1:9 v/v have great potential to be used in liquid membranes or liquid-liquid extraction processes on hybrid fermentations with Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393.
Estimación robusta de la matriz de covarianza para la selección óptima de portafolios de inversión
Authors: Gutiérrez-Sepúlveda Daniela , Laniado Henry , Medina-Hurtado Santiago
Published: January 2019

La selección de portafolios bajo el modelo de Media-Varianza (M-V) es muy sensible a la presencia de datos atípicos generando un alto error de estimación de los parámetros. Con el fin de minimizar este error de estimación se investiga nuevas metodologías robustas de selección de portafolios y se evalúa su desempeño financiero en términos del ratio Sharpe, del índice de Turnover y la varianza. La estimación de la matriz de covarianza se realiza con tres diferentes métodos de estimación robustos que buscan minimizar la instabilidad que generan los datos atípicos, el primero es la gran contribución de este artículo que consiste en el encogimiento de la matriz de covarianza con recorte a la media, el segundo y tercer método son recorte chi-cuadrado en la distancia de Mahalanobis y Determinante Mínimo de la Matriz de Covarianza (MCD) respectivamente.
Análise via tri da Escala Baptista de Depressão Infanto-Juvenil e do Inventário de Depressão Infantil
Authors: Grendene Fernanda , Baptista Makilim Nunes , Filho Nelson Hauck
Published: January 2019

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as propriedades psicométricas de dois instrumentos avaliativos de sintomatologia depressiva, o Inventário de Depressão Infantil (CDI) e a Escala Baptista de Depressão Infanto-Juvenil (EBADEP-IJ), nas versões completa e short. Além da análise dos parâmetros de dificuldade e discriminação dos itens, foram comparadas as curvas de informação do CDI e da EBADEP-IJ, a fim de avaliar o nível de precisão de cada instrumento ao longo do contínuo latente da depressão. A análise de 331 respostas de crianças e adolescentes revelou que os dois instrumentos possuem adequadas propriedades psicométricas, embora com uma ligeira diferença no que diz respeito à capacidade de diferenciar indivíduos localizados em regiões distintas da variável latente. Os achados sustentam o uso de ambos os instrumentos em pesquisas na área, e também apontam para possíveis usos diferenciados para cada instrumento.
A dinâmica temporal da atenção na memória de trabalho visual
Authors: Zar Tamires , Galera Cesar Alexis
Published: January 2019

A orientação da atenção, por meio de uma dica retroativa endógena, para locais de uma cena memorizada, favorece positivamente o processamento de forma equivalente ao favorecimento associado à dica endógena nas tarefas perceptivas. Na percepção dicas endógenas e exógenas têm dinâmicas temporais diferentes. Nós investigamos a eficácia e a dinâmica temporal da recuperação da informação armazenada na memória de trabalho visual utilizando dicas retroativas endógenas e exógenas. Nossos resultados mostram que as dicas retroativas endógena e exógena proporcionam um ganho equivalente na acurácia (d’) e no tempo de resposta, e que este ganho aumenta com a assincronia entre dica e estímulo teste. Nossos dados mostram que o ganho no desempenho está ligado tanto à validade da dica, como ao intervalo dica-estímulo, mas não aos diferentes tipos de dica, pelo menos nos intervalos investigados.
Propriedades psicométricas do Teste de Positividade de Fredrickson em um contexto militar
Authors: Ferreira Livia Santos , Silva Nayara Baptista , Ribas Junior Rodolfo De Castro , De Souza Marcos Aguiar , De Lima Thaynara Carvalho
Published: January 2019

A importância dos afetos para a adaptabilidade a circunstâncias adversas tem sido amplamente discutida na literatura, sendo enfatizado o papel central que exercem para o funcionamento psicológico. O presente estudo teve como objetivo validar, para o Brasil, o Teste de Positividade, desenvolvido por Fredrickson (2009). O instrumento possui 20 itens igualmente divididos em dois fatores: afetos positivos e afetos negativos. Participaram do estudo 1097 cadetes do curso de Oficiais do Exército. Foram realizadas duas coletas de dados, na primeira, foram reunidos 354 cadetes; na segunda, 743. Com os dados da primeira coleta realizou-se uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória, que confirmou a estrutura original do instrumento. A Análise Fatorial Confirmatória, realizada com os dados da segunda coleta, corroborou o modelo original do instrumento. Encontrou-se correlações positivas significativas entre esta medida e as de satisfação com a vida e com o trabalho. Os resultados demonstram a adequação do instrumento em contextos militares.
Apoio social na autoestima e identidade social de pessoas trans brasileiras
Authors: Silva Bruno de Brito , Cerqueira-Santos Elder
Published: January 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a influência e o papel da satisfação com o suporte social, do apoio familiar na identidade social e autoestima de travestis, homens e mulheres trans e pessoas não binárias. Fizeram parte do estudo 203 pessoas trans brasileiras(os), os quais responderam um questionário online com: escalas dos questionário Juventude Brasileira, escala de Necessidade de Identificação Social, escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg, e a de Satisfação com o Suporte Social. Análises de Variância (ANOVAs) e de Correlação de Pearson mostraram relações entre o apoio familiar e o escore de autoestima. Análises multivariadas de regressão linear mostraram que a idade, o fato de estar ou não em tratamento hormonal e a satisfação com o suporte social atuaram como variáveis associadas à identidade social dos participantes. Discute-se que apoio social pode atenuar o estresse psicológico da estigmatização, melhorar a autoestima e a identidade social trans, fornecendo suporte para violências perpetradas por uma sociedade heteronormativa.
Características y manejo básico de los cerdos de compañía.
Authors: Dorado-Montenegro Sebastián , Vásquez-Vargas Jesenia
Published: January 2019

En las últimas décadas, el cerdo de compañía ha ganado gran popularidad entre las personas de zonas urbanas que desean una mascota en el hogar. No obstante, para asegurar el bienestar de los animales, resulta indispensable conocer con detalle las características propias de las especies a tratar, tales como el comportamiento, morfología, alimentación, necesidades y cuidados. La presente revisión tiene como objetivo servir de guía básica de manejo de los cerdos de compañía, de modo que tanto comerciantes como dueños puedan garantizar la vida prospera de estos animales.
Patrons, mediators, institutions: The Parisian career of the painter Viktor Madarász (1830–1917) in the context of social connections
Authors: Krasznai Réka
Published: January 2019

Viktor Madarász (1830–1917) is considered as one of the defining exponents of “Hungarian national art”. Yet, paradoxically, the anointed painter of the so-called Hungarian national romanticism had to go abroad to paint the pictures that would promote the national consciousness in an oppressed country and champion the ideals of Hungarian independence. Madarász lived in the French capital for almost a decade and a half, studying under the academic master Léon Cogniet, exhibiting in the Salon de Paris and becoming acquainted with illustrious members of the Parisian art society. The work that Madarász carried out in France prompts us to investigate the circumstances that influenced his career there. This study aims to take a look at the most productive period in Madarász’s career – his Parisian period – in the light of the latest research and with particular emphasis on the works he exhibited at the Salon de Paris. In conveying new information and discussing the social and cultural circumstances of Viktor Madarász’s sojourn in Paris, as well as the connections he built up there – with educational establishments, exhibiting institutions, patrons, mediators and other artists –, this paper is intended to provide new insight into the strategies the artist pursued in order to build his career, and thereby to present his Parisian period in a new light.
Cover_Belakang
Authors: Subandriyo, ST Joko
Published: January 2019

Cover Belakang
Detection of Lead From Samples of Ocimum Sanctum from Industrial Areas of Surat City-India
Authors: Tank Dharti S. , Tank S.K.
Published: January 2019

The taxon Ocimum sanctum is selected because it has versatile role in traditional Indian medicine. Samples of plants (about 10) were collected from the areas where higher amount of heavy metal lead gets accumulated within the soil. After collection of fresh plants they were brought to the laboratory, washed thoroughly and leaves were analyzed for the absorption of lead by plants using AASM. It was surprising that a high amount of lead was found in Ocimum sanctum growing in industrial area. More than 10 samples were analyzed from each sampling station. The maximum lead was detected up to 0.3 mg/g and the minimum was 0.1 mg/g. Average lead content was reported to be 0.2 mg/g. Ocimum is very widely consumed by the people as common medicine for cold, cough, flu, diabetes, gastric disorders, malaria, arthritis and various skin diseases. Ocimum with high amount of lead (Pb) content leads to chronic health problems like hearing impairments, memory loss, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and cancer. Ocimum sanctums with accumulated lead antagonize their original purpose to cure disease when consumed.
Willows and Reeds for Biomediation of Landfill Leachate: Redox Potential in the Root Zone
Authors: Randerson Peter , Davies Laura , Albuquerque Antonio , Białowiec Andrzej
Published: January 2019

Constructed wetlands can be used for bioremediation of landfill leachate (LL) making it safe to discharge into the environment. Wetland plants (reed and willow), contribute to pollutant removal, particularly of organic and nitrogen loads. Root exudates stimulate microbial activity and elevate oxygen levels in the rhizosphere which promotes nitrification. This study investigated the effects of reed and willow on bioremediation of LL in comparison with an unplanted control by measuring redox potential levels in the rhizosphere of microcosm systems in a greenhouse. Redox potential in the reed rhizosphere was consistently the highest, with the willow rhizosphere consistently the lowest. Redox potential fluctuated in the willow rhizosphere during daylight hours, with large decreases in the morning. Levels of NH4 + decreased dramatically in the first day of the experiment and remained at similar low levels in all tanks. Removal of ammonia took place in the control tank with peaks in NO2 - and NO3 -, but levels of NO3 - remained high. Removal of ammonia was also observed in the reed tank with a peak in NO2 -, but there was no peak in NO3 -, as well as in the willow tank, but there were no peaks in NO2 - or NO3 -. Final levels of totalnitrogen, nitrate and chemical oxygen demand where considerably lower in the reed and willow tank than the unplanted control.
Phosphorus Balance at Tartu WWTP, Estonia
Authors: Toomiste Hillar , Haller Jüri , Kriipsalu Mait , Kuusemets Valdo
Published: January 2019

Sewage sludge is usually considered as treatment residue that needs expensive treatment for removal. The treatment and handling of sludge can form 20 to 50 % from a wastewater treatment facility's costs. Sludge volumes will continue to grow worldwide with increasing population and country wealth. In a sustainable society, sludge should rather be seen as a source of energy, phosphorus and other products. Water treatment facilities are exploring technologies to utilise these values worldwide. Technologies on extracting minerals from sludge would either help offset treatment facility’s costs or even turn a profit. First step in turning sludge from a costly waste material into a profitable revenue stream should be a material balance.

In Tartu wastewater treatment plant (120 000 pe, 28 000 m3 d-1) waste water is treated by activated sludge process with an integrated biological nitrogen and phosphorous removal. Sludge is dewatered and stabilized by windrow composting. In the treatment plant, phosphorus balance in various treatment steps was studied and potential technologies for extracting phosphorus were reviewed.
Bioelectricity Generation From Synthetic Wastewater Treatment in a Membrane-Less Microbial Fuel Cell Using Methylene Blue and/or Neutral Red as Mediators
Authors: Khaksar Leila M. , Ghayoumi Ali , Hasani Amir H. , Parhaam Hooshang
Published: January 2019

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a new method for treating wastewaters and simultaneously producing electricity (renewable energy (bioelectricity)) as innovative technologies. Feasibility of using synthetic wastewater as a substrate for electricity generation using anaerobic sludge as a source of microorganisms was investigated after a short acclimatization period of less than 10 days. among two different kind substrate (methanol and acetic acid) Significant reduction in COD of synthetic wastewater by 63% and 75% was observed at initial COD=2743 mg/l and 2560 mg/l respectively in Methanol and Acetic Acid indicated effective wastewater treatment in batch experiments. The present article deals with the studies of a two chambered salt bridge (membrane-less) MFC anode chamber [(with mediator; plain graphite electrode; acidified by ortho-posphoric acid (pH≈6)]; cathode chamber (50mM potassium ferricyanide [K3Fe(CN)6] in phosphate buffer; pH ≈7.5; plain graphite electrode) in the presence of mediators. The effect of Methylene Blue (MB) and Neutral Red (NR) as electron mediators and microelements inoculated to anolyte chamber on the power generation in MFCs are reported. The best performance was obtained in the case of Acetic Acid. Using methylene blue (MB) (0.2mM) as the electron mediator, the maximum power density and current density of 61.718 mW/m2 and 92.530 mA/m2 were obtained respectively with CE of 3.94%, which are found to be very promising. The maximum power density and current density of 58.820 mW/m2 and 89.940 mA/m2 were obtained respectively with CE of 8.05%. In the most cases, results show that MB has more effective role than NR. Efforts are being made to improve the performance and reduce the construction and operating costs of MFCs.
Influence of the Surface Modification of Mesoporous Activated Carbon on the Removal of Humic Acid From Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kołodziej Anna , Gryglewicz Grażyna
Published: January 2019

Humic acids (HA) constitute the major fraction of natural organic matter in water supplies. HA are very problematic with regard to drinking water treatment and supply since, not being completely removed by conventional treatment processes, they react with chlorine resulting in formation of carcinogenic and regulated disinfection-by products. Adsorption of brown (BHA) and gray (GHA) fractions of humic acid on starting and modified mesoporous activated carbons was investigated. BHA and GHA are fractions of humic acid extracted from young brown coal (Czech Republic) which differ essentially in their characteristics in terms of structure and physicochemical properties. Mesoporous activated carbon was modified by two ways: ammonization (AC/N) and high-temperature hydrogen treatment (AC/H). All activated carbons studied, showed higher adsorption capacity towards BHA comparing to GHA, what is attributed to the smaller molecular weight of BHA molecules, as determined by ultrafiltration method. Comparing to starting AC, nearly 2- and 2.5-fold higher removal degree of both BHA and GHA was observed for AC/N and AC/H, respectively. This observation was found to be a consequence of the increase in aromacity degree of both adsorbents, as shown by increase in the C/H atomic ratio. In the case of AC/H the electrostatic interaction between positively charged surface of AC/H and HA molecules, enhances the extent of adsorption. Adsorption results were discussed in terms of Freundlich adsorption model. The shape of isotherm indicates a strong competition for adsorption centers on AC surface between water and HA molecules, which decreased in the direction AC>AC/N>AC/H. At increased ionic strength of the solution (0.01 M NaCl), no difference in the extent of adsorption between AC/N and AC/H was observed.
Characterization of Interaction Between Humic Acids and Buckminsterfullerene Using Flourescene Spectroscopy
Authors: Ansone Linda , Klavins Maris
Published: January 2019

The interaction between buckminsterfullerene C60 and humic acids (HA) of different origins was compared using fluorescence spectroscopy as a function of pH, humic acid concentration, ionic strength. Binding constants between fullerene and humic acids were calculated. It can be suggested that the complexation was driven by hydrophobic interactions depending on the properties of the interacting compounds. Hydrophobic interaction model as indicated by linear Stern-Volmer plots and high Kd values is characterizing the interaction between buckminsterfullerene C60 and humic acids The results of this study support the development of an understanding of the fate of nanomaterials in the environment as well as the development of analytical methods for nanomaterials in waters and wastewater treatment approaches.
An Economic Analysis of Controling and Reducing Water Pollution in Jujrud River Trough Willingness-To-Pay (WTP) Determination Method
Authors: Jahanifar Komeil , Abedi Zahra , Moridzadeh Yaghoob
Published: January 2019

This research will economically investigate and analyze water pollution control and reduction in Jajrud River from Jajrud and Megon River's intersection to Latian barrier valve through calculating WTP quantity using contingent valuation method (CVM). The WTP to maintain the present quality of the river's water and also to improve water quality were calculated using questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with beneficiaries (native people and tourists). Results revealed that the average WTP to maintain the present quality was 11 Euros at fishing activity level, 8.5 Euros at tourism level and 6 Euros at drinking or agriculture level. On the other hand, the WTPs to improve water quality in fishing, tourism and farming sections were´1.65, 14 and 7.5 Euros respectively.
"Bio-Power Up" Organic Fuel Additive: Green Chemistry for Cost Savings and Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Marañon, Jr. Dioscoro P. , Petalver Paolo D. , Idemne Joseph Edward O. , Abalajon Larry Neil C. , Bala-an Lainie Mae L. , Malo-oy Eric A.
Published: January 2019

The study aimed to determine the effect of using “Bio-Power Up” green, organic gasoline additive on the fuel consumption, power output and carbon dioxide emissions of engines in city driving, highway driving and stationary engine tests. The additive is produced from plants and vegetable extracts with a fuel enhancer containing methanol as one of its components. Experiments on city driving test were conducted on a Nissan 1990 model at the Vehicle Research and Testing Labiratory of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Philippines in Diliman, Quezon City. The 10-15 mode cycle Japanese model was used. Using t-test, there was no significant (p-value = 0.207) decrease (-0.60%) in the fuel consumption in g/km but there was significant (p-value = 0.008) increase (5.00%) in the power output in kW when the additive was introduced. Truly, the 5.00% increase in power led to great fuel savings in highway driving. In the highway driving test of about 50 km drive back and forth, for the new Honda Wave motrocycle, a fuel savings of 7.23% was observed; for a Toyota Revo DLX, a fuel savings of 10.99% resulted; and for a Mitsubishi Lancer GLXi, a fuel savings of 171.80% was realized. The fuel savings depended on the condition of the engine. The fuel savings in highway driving would be at least P2.00 per liter of fuel consumed. A 4AFE EFI Toyota simulator engine was used in the fuel economy and carbon dioxide emissions tests on a stationary engine test. At 1101 rpm and 2091 rpm, no substantial fuel savings was realized but at 4150 rpm, 16.60% fuel savings and 0.20% increase in carbon dioxide emissions resulted with a net decrease of carbon dioxide emissions of about 2.41 ppm by volume of gasoline used.
Enhanced Natural Biodegradation of Diesel Fuel Contaminants in Soil by Addition of Whey and Nutrients
Authors: Vilches Ana Paola , Bylund Dan , Jonsson Anders
Published: January 2019

The contamination of soils by petroleum hydrocarbons, such as diesel fuel, has since many years been a serious environmental problem. Treatment of contaminated areas is a concern for governments and environmental authorities in several countries and efforts have been done with the purpose to eliminate this problem. Different methods have been tested and today the most common technique involves the excavation and transportation of contaminated soil to special treatment facilities. In earlier studies we have demonstrated the effect of adding organic amendments, such as fermented whey, on the biodegradation of n-alkanes in diesel contaminated soil. Non-fermented sweet whey also proved significantly to enhance the biodegradation of an aromatic substance (phenanthrene) in contaminated soil. The current paper presents the results of an in-situ field test at a former gas station in the north of Sweden. In parallel to the field study, biodegradation profiles were monitored under controlled laboratory conditions by taking soil samples from the contaminated site and spike them with diesel fuel. The experiments were carried out by adding whey and mineral nutrients (NPK) to the test area and to the laboratory samples, and monitor the degradation of hydrocarbons by gas chromatographic analysis of extracted soil samples. Significant effects on the degradation rates were achieved in the laboratory tests. For the in-situ test, however, no such positive effects could be registered.
A Study of Human-Related Factors on the Biodiversity of Lagoons
Authors: Soufi Mahmoud , Kiabi Bahram , Zehzad Bahram , Nasarzade Hiva , Riazi Borhan
Published: January 2019

Lagoons can be regarded as life-giving systems that are irreplaceable. These ecosystems have been always being damaged by human. This study was carried out in during Aug- 2010 between Solokli and Shormast lagoons in the north of Iran in order to assessing degree of water pollution via contrasting biodiversity of lagoons. in this study were identified 31 and 16 species macrofauna and species macrophytes in Solokli and Shormast lagoons respectively. the Shannon –Wiener index (H= 3.737 Bit . per ind) caculated for Solokli that was more than value (H=2.773) of Shormast and rarefaction statistical method stimated in these areas that showed the values of expected number of species of the Shormast was lower than Solokli lagoon . According to our observations that Shormast lagoon was stressed with physical pollutions of tourism such as infusion of solid garbages and yachting .
Competence Centre Recycling Centre, CCR
Authors: Andersson Petra
Published: January 2019

Competence Centre Recycling is a multi-disciplinary research group doing research in a widearea of industrial material recycling in close collaboration with our industrial partners.
El delito de establecimiento de depósitos o vertederos de residuos peligrosos, con especial referencia al proyecto de reforma de 13 de noviembre de 2009
Authors: Faraldo Cabana Patricia
Published: January 2019

Este trabajo analiza el delito de establecimiento de depósitos o vertederos de residuos peligrosos, contenido en el artículo 328 del Código penal de 1995. Además de un estudio doctrinal de los diversos elementos típicos, desde el bien jurídico protegido y los sujetos pasivo y activo hasta los concursos, pasando por la conducta típica, el tipo subjetivo, el iter criminis, la autoría y participación, y las consecuencias jurídicas derivadas del delito, se ofrece una detenida revisión de la jurisprudencia que lo toma en consideración, sea para aplicarlo sea para decidir su no aplicación. En esta labor de análisis se tiene en cuenta el marco legislativo de la Unión Europea, estatal y autonómico que sirve de base a la aplicación del precepto. Por último, se comentan los cambios propuestos en el Proyecto de reforma del Código penal de 13 de noviembre de 2009, que en esta materia pretende la transposición al Derecho nacional de la Directiva 2008/98/CE.
La disciplina de la protección del paisaje en la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia
Authors: Almeida Cerreda Marcos , Santiago Iglesias Diana
Published: January 2019

Los poderes públicos se han ido concienciando de la importancia del paisaje como recurso económico y como elemento integrante de la cultura propia de Galicia. Esta sensibilización se ha traducido en la aprobación de la Ley 7/2008, de 7 de julio, de Protección del Paisaje de Galicia, analizada en este trabajo.
The Copenhagen Accord and the future of the international climate change regime
Authors: Sindico Francesco
Published: January 2019

This paper analyses the environmental integrity, the nature and the political relevance of the Copenhagen Accord. According to the first two parameters, the Copenhagen Accord is not satisfactory. From a political point of view the conclusion is slightly different, albeit not positive. This paper concludes arguing that after the Copenhagen Conference the future of the international climate change legal regime is likely to be more fragmented, the Accord being one further piece of the global carbon puzzle.
1.8. Derecho y políticas ambientales en la Comunitat Valenciana (Primer Semestre 2010)
Authors: Blasco Díaz José Luis
Published: January 2019

1.8. Derecho y políticas ambientales en la Comunitat Valenciana (Primer Semestre 2010)
1.9. Derecho y políticas ambientales en Extremadura (Primer Semestre 2010)
Authors: Brufao Curiel Pedro
Published: January 2019

1.9. Derecho y políticas ambientales en Extremadura (Primer Semestre 2010)
1.16. Derecho y políticas ambientales en Navarra (Primer Semestre 2010)
Authors: Alenza García José Francisco
Published: January 2019

1.16. Derecho y políticas ambientales en Navarra (Primer Semestre 2010)
2.17. Jurisprudencia ambiental en Murcia (Primer Semestre 2010)
Authors: Álvarez Carreño Santiago , Salazar Ortuño Eduardo
Published: January 2019

2.17. Jurisprudencia ambiental en Murcia (Primer Semestre 2010)
2.19. Jurisprudencia ambiental en el País Vasco (Primer Semestre 2010)
Authors: Lazkano Brotóns Íñigo
Published: January 2019

2.19. Jurisprudencia ambiental en el País Vasco (Primer Semestre 2010)
FERNÁNDEZ EGEA, Rosa María, Comercio de mercancías y protección del medio ambiente en la OMC, Marcial Pons, 2008
Authors: Elizalde Carranza Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2019

FERNÁNDEZ EGEA, Rosa María, Comercio de mercancías y protección del medio ambiente en la OMC, Marcial Pons, 2008
ELIZALDE CARRANZA, Miguel Ángel, Las medidas comerciales multilaterales para la protección del medio ambiente y el sistema multilateral de comercio, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., 2008
Authors: Fernández Egea Rosa María
Published: January 2019

ELIZALDE CARRANZA, Miguel Ángel, Las medidas comerciales multilaterales para la protección del medio ambiente y el sistema multilateral de comercio, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., 2008
Las negociaciones internacionales sobre el cambio climático: Rumbo a la COP16
Authors: Villavicencio Paola Milenka
Published: January 2019

Después del fracaso de la XV Conferencia de Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático celebrada en la ciudad de Copenhague, Dinamarca, y tras el debate de diversas iniciativas populares de solución a la crisis climática en la Primera Conferencia Mundial de los Pueblos sobre el Cambio Climático, desarrollada en la ciudad de Cochabamba, Bolivia, aún se mantiene la última esperanza para que en Cancún se obtenga un acuerdo jurídicamente vinculante que fortalezca el régimen jurídico del cambio climático antes de que el Protocolo de Kioto llegue a su fin en el 2012. No obstante, las probabilidades de un nuevo fracaso parecen ser cada día más evidentes.
1.1. Legislació ambiental Catalunya (Segon semestre 2010)
Authors: Casado Casado Lucía
Published: January 2019

1.1. Legislació ambiental Catalunya (Segon semestre 2010)
1.10. Legislació ambiental Galícia (Segon semestre 2010)
Authors: Nogueira López Alba
Published: January 2019

1.10. Legislació ambiental Galícia (Segon semestre 2010)
1.13. Legislació ambiental La Rioja (Segon semestre 2010)
Authors: Barriobero Martinez Ignacio
Published: January 2019

1.13. Legislació ambiental La Rioja (Segon semestre 2010)
1.15. Legislació ambiental Regió Múrcia (Segon semestre 2010)
Authors: Álvarez Carreño Santiago M. , Salazar Ortuño Eduardo
Published: January 2019

1.15. Legislació ambiental Regió Múrcia (Segon semestre 2010)
1.16. Legislació ambiental Navarra (Segon semestre 2010)
Authors: Alenza García José Francisco
Published: January 2019

1.16. Legislació ambiental Navarra (Segon semestre 2010)
1.17. Legislació ambiental País Basc (Segon semestre 2010)
Authors: Lazcano Brotóns Íñigo
Published: January 2019

1.17. Legislació ambiental País Basc (Segon semestre 2010)
1.18. Perspectiva del Dret del Medi Ambient Unió Europea (Segon semestre 2010)
Authors: Huici Sancho Laura , Cardesa Salzmann Antonio
Published: January 2019

1.18. Perspectiva del Dret del Medi Ambient Unió Europea (Segon semestre 2010)
2.2. Jurisprudència general: Dret penal (Segon semestre 2010)
Authors: Baucells i Lladós Joan , Hava García Esther , Marquès i Banqué María
Published: January 2019

2.2. Jurisprudència general: Dret penal (Segon semestre 2010)
2.18. Jurisprudència ambiental Navarra (Segon semestre 2010)
Authors: Alienza García José Francisco
Published: January 2019

2.18. Jurisprudència ambiental Navarra (Segon semestre 2010)
Legislació ambiental Castella-La Manxa (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Garrido Cuenca Núria M.
Published: January 2019

Legislació ambiental Castella-La Manxa (Primer semestre 2011)
Legislació ambiental La Rioja (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Barriobero Martínez Ignacio
Published: January 2019

Legislació ambiental La Rioja (Primer semestre 2011)
Legislació ambiental País Basc (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Lazcano Brotóns Iñigo
Published: January 2019

Legislació ambiental País Basc (Primer semestre 2011)
Perspectiva del Dret del Medi Ambient Unió Europea (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Huici Sancho Laura
Published: January 2019

Perspectiva del Dret del Medi Ambient Unió Europea (Primer semestre 2011)
Jurisprudència general: Dret penal (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Baucells i Lladós Joan , Hava García Esther , Marquès i Banqué Maria
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudència general: Dret penal (Primer semestre 2011)
Jurisprudència ambiental Andalusia (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Mellado Ruiz Lorenzo
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudència ambiental Andalusia (Primer semestre 2011)
Jurisprudència ambiental Astúries (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Pérez Fernández José Manuel
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudència ambiental Astúries (Primer semestre 2011)
Jurisprudència ambiental Castella i Lleó (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Sanz Rubiales Iñigo
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudència ambiental Castella i Lleó (Primer semestre 2011)
Jurisprudència ambiental Extremadura (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Brufao Curiel Pedro
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudència ambiental Extremadura (Primer semestre 2011)
Jurisprudència ambiental Navarra (Primer semestre 2011)
Authors: Alenza García José Francisco
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudència ambiental Navarra (Primer semestre 2011)
Anàlisi del potencial de la custòdia fluvial a Catalunya i propostes d'innovació
Authors: Recordà Cos Jordi
Published: January 2019

La necessitat de millorar la conservació dels espais aquàtics d'aigua dolça ha obligat a superar la tradicional actuació de l'Administració, per actuar, també, en els espais naturals privats. La intervenció de nous actors com el propietari dels terrenys i la societat civil, a través de les entitats de custòdia, s'ha emmarcat en els acords de custòdia del territori. L'actuació de la custòdia en aquests espais (la custòdia fluvial, CF) està subjecta a límits legals, com ara l'encaix amb la directiva marc de l'aigua, la determinació de l'àmbit d'actuació i de les administracions competents implicades. A Catalunya, les dades de l'últim inventari (2009) mostren que s'han realitzat 176 acords, que es desglossen en 5 tipus diferents. La protecció de gairebé 32.000 ha, tant en finques privades com públiques, posa de manifest el potencial d'aquests instruments, i la seva progressiva consolidació. Es proposa la intervenció de la CF en els recursos hídrics, independentment de la finca on es troben, per intervenir en els cabals de manteniment i les aigües regenerades. També es planteja el cas de les aigües privades, en què les entitats de CF podrien intervenir per garantir l'ús sostenible del recurs.
Legislació ambiental Aragó (Segon semestre 2011)
Authors: Cierco Sierra César , Ezquerra Huerva Antonio
Published: January 2019

Legislació ambiental Aragó (Segon semestre 2011)
Legislació ambiental Illes Balears (Segon semestre 2011)
Authors: Gómez González José Manuel
Published: January 2019

Legislació ambiental Illes Balears (Segon semestre 2011)
Perspectiva del Dret Internacional del Medi Ambient (Segon semetre 2011)
Authors: Borràs Pentinat Susana
Published: January 2019

Perspectiva del Dret Internacional del Medi Ambient (Segon semetre 2011)
Jurisprudència ambiental Cantàbria (Segon semestre 2011)
Authors: Gómez Puente Marcos
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudència ambiental Cantàbria (Segon semestre 2011)
Jurisprudència ambiental Madrid (Segon semestre 2011)
Authors: Fortes Martín Antonio
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudència ambiental Madrid (Segon semestre 2011)
Jurisprudència ambiental Múrcia (Segon semestre 2011)
Authors: Álvarez Carreño Santiago M. , Salazar Ortuño Eduardo
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudència ambiental Múrcia (Segon semestre 2011)
Algunos principios del Derecho Ambiental y la Sentencia del Tribunal Superior de Justicia del País Vasco de 17 de octubre de 2011
Authors: Álvarez Baquerizo Cristina
Published: January 2019

Algunos principios del Derecho Ambiental y la Sentencia del Tribunal Superior de Justicia del País Vasco de 17 de octubre de 2011
Editorial
Authors: Pigrau Solé Antoni
Published: January 2019

Editorial
Derecho y políticas ambientales en Galicia: reducción de los controles ambientales (Primer semestre 2012)
Authors: Nogueira López Alba
Published: January 2019

Derecho y políticas ambientales en Galicia: reducción de los controles ambientales (Primer semestre 2012)
Derechos y políticas ambientales en la Comunidad de Madrid (Primer semestre 2012)
Authors: Fortes Martín Antonio
Published: January 2019

Derechos y políticas ambientales en la Comunidad de Madrid (Primer semestre 2012)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en Cantabria (primer semestre 2012)
Authors: Gómez Puente Marcos
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudencia ambiental en Cantabria (primer semestre 2012)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en Castilla y León (Primer semestre 2012)
Authors: Sanz Rubiales Íñigo
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudencia ambiental en Castilla y León (Primer semestre 2012)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en Galicia (Primer semestre 2012)
Authors: Pernas García Juan José
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudencia ambiental en Galicia (Primer semestre 2012)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en Canarias (Primer semestre 2012)
Authors: Jiménez Jaén Adolfo
Published: January 2019

Jurisprudencia ambiental en Canarias (Primer semestre 2012)
MORA RUIZ, Manuela, La gestión ambiental compartida: función pública y mercado, Lex Nova, Valladolid, 2007, 428p.
Authors: Casado Casado Lucía
Published: January 2019

MORA RUIZ, Manuela, La gestión ambiental compartida: función pública y mercado, Lex Nova, Valladolid, 2007, 428p.
"El futuro que queremos" Documento final de la Conferencia Oficial
Authors: Río+20 Conferencia
Published: January 2019

"El futuro que queremos" Documento final de la Conferencia Oficial
Marco jurídico de la extracción de hidrocarburos mediante fractura hidráulica (Fracking)
Authors: Moreu Carbonell Elisa
Published: January 2019

La extracción de hidrocarburos no convencionales mediante fractura hidráulica, técnica conocida como fracking, ha experimentado una gran difusión en el mercado energético, convirtiéndose en una fuente de abastecimiento de gran potencial para reducir la dependencia energética del exterior no solo en EE. UU., sino también en los países europeos. Este trabajo asume como objetivo definir el marco jurídico -europeo y nacional- del fracking, denunciar las dificultades de inadaptación de dicho marco jurídico para afrontar los requerimientos ambientales que implica la utilización de esta técnica y ofrecer propuestas de regulación. El estudio dedica una atención especial al derecho minero francés, que mediante la Ley 2011-835 ha prohibido en todo el territorio francés la extracción de hidrocarburos líquidos o gaseosos mediante fractura hidráulica.