bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Global Path Planner for Safe Navigation of Autonomous Vehicles in Uncertain Environments
Authors: Alharbi Mohammed , Karimi Hassan A.
Published: October 2020

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are considered an emerging technology revolution. Planning paths that are safe to drive on contributes greatly to expediting AV adoption. However, the main barrier to this adoption is navigation under sensor uncertainty, with the understanding that there is no perfect sensing solution for all driving environments. In this paper, we propose a global safe path planner that analyzes sensor uncertainty and determines optimal paths. The path planner has two components: sensor analytics and path finder. The sensor analytics component combines the uncertainties of all sensors to evaluate the positioning and navigation performance of an AV at given locations and times. The path finder component then utilizes the acquired sensor performance and creates a weight based on safety for each road segment. The operation and quality of the proposed path finder are demonstrated through simulations. The simulation results reveal that the proposed safe path planner generates paths that significantly improve the navigation safety in complex dynamic environments when compared to the paths generated by conventional approaches.
Tweeting the High Line Life: A Social Media Lens on Urban Green Spaces
Authors: Sim Jisoo , Miller Patrick , Swarup Samarth
Published: October 2020

The objective of this study is to investigate elevated parks as urban green spaces using social media data analytics. Two popular elevated parks, the High Line Park in New York and the 606 in Chicago, were selected as the study sites. Tweets mentioning the two parks were collected from 2015 to 2019. By using text mining, social media users’ sentiments and conveyed perceptions about the elevated parks were studied. In addition, users’ activities and their satisfaction were analyzed. For the 606, users mainly enjoyed the free events at the park and worried about possible increases in housing prices and taxes because of the 606. They tended to participate in physical activities such as biking and walking. Although the 606 provides scenic observation points, users did not seem to enjoy these. Regarding the High Line, users frequently mentioned New York City, which is an important aspect of the identity of the park. The High Line users also frequently mentioned arts and relaxation. Overall, this study supports the idea that social media analytics can be used to gain an understanding of the public’s use of urban green spaces and their attitudes and concerns.
Epidemiological and Histopathological Investigation of Sarcocystis spp. in Slaughtered Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Egypt
Authors: Gareh Ahmed , Soliman Mahmoud , Saleh Amira A. , El-Gohary Fatma A. , El-Sherbiny Heba M. M. , Mohamed Ragab H. , Elmahallawy Ehab Kotb
Published: October 2020

Sarcocystosis is considered one of the major parasitic diseases with a worldwide distribution. It is caused by the obligatory intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Sarcocystis. Besides its public health issues, sarcocystosis results in significant economic losses due to its impact on productivity and milk yield. A wide range of final and intermediate hosts have been identified, including mammals, birds, and reptiles; however, few studies have investigated the contribution of camels to maintaining the epidemiological foci of the disease in countries such as Egypt. The present study was conducted to grossly and histopathologically identify the prevalence rate of Sarcocystis spp. in camels (N = 100) from the Aswan Governorate, Egypt. Furthermore, the major risk factors related to the development of sarcocystosis in camels were investigated. Samples from the diaphragm, cardiac muscle, esophagus, and testes of the slaughtered camels were collected. Interestingly, Sarcocystis was detected in 75% of the examined camels. Following the studied variable factors, camels aged 5 years or more were found to be at higher risk, with an infection rate of 87.7% (57 of 65) than those younger than 5 years. The infection rate was 81.4% (57 of 70) in males and 60% (18 of 30) in females. The esophagus was the most affected organ (49%), followed by the diaphragm (26%) and cardiac muscle (17%), whereas none of the testes samples were affected. Taken together, the present study demonstrates the high prevalence of Sarcocystis in the examined camels and suggests the importance of these animals in preserving the epidemiological foci of sarcocystosis in Egypt. Future research should map the circulating strains in Egypt and aim to raise public health awareness about the importance of sarcocystosis and other related zoonotic diseases.
The impact of genotype and common bunt intensity on winter wheat productivity in Southeastern Kazakhstan
Authors:   Kazakh National Agrarian University, Dutbayev Ye.B. , Kuresbek A. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant growing, Sarbaev A.T. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant growing, Kuldybayev N.M. ,   Kazakh National Agrarian University, Sultanova N.Zh. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of plant protection and Quarantine
Published: October 2020

Твердая головня на озимой пшенице вызывается грибами Tilletia tritici и T. laevis и может вызывать потери урожая от 30% и более. Исследования проводились в 2016–2017 гг. на 5 коммерческих сортах озимой пшеницы на площадках Казахского научно-исследовательского института земледелия и растениеводства. С помощью статистической программы R установлено, что урожай зерна от твердой головни снижался на 0,4–32,3%, а на урожайность растений оказывали влияние факторы сорта и степени их пораженности болезнью. Эти показатели коррелировали с высотой растений, нижнего колена, длиной и шириной колоса, количеством колосков, весом зерна с колоса и с растения. У четырех сортов потери урожая зерна (Жетысу, Фараби, Ажарлы и Стекловидная 24) составили от 0,2 до 3,6 %, а у сорта Наз эти показатели были в пределах 32,3 %. У сорта Наз 43,0 % растений были поражены твердой головней на 100 %, у Жетысу, Фараби, Ажарлы и Стекловидная 24 поражено до 15, 77, 85, 44 % растений соответственно, с уровнем пораженности от 10 до 20–30 %.
The best gooseberry varieties for the Middle Urals
Authors:   Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center, Ural Branch of RAS, Evtushenko N.S.
Published: October 2020

The results of the study of eight selected and elite gooseberry seedlings in the Middle Urals are represented in this article. All seedlings, with the exception of II-12-4, are winter-hardy. The hybrids II-7-7,8 and II-10-4 have the maximum berry weight (7.9–9.0 g). In 2019, variety ‘Demidovsky’ (II-7-7,8) was accepted to State Variety Testing program.
Prospects for soybean selection for an increased percentage of protein in seeds
Authors:   ", Zima D.E. ,   SOKO OOO",   (Limited Liability Company), Kochegura A.V. ,   "SOKO OOO" (Limited Liability Company)
Published: October 2020

The article presents the results of a three-year evaluation of soybean varieties, breeding lines, as well as collection varieties of diverse origin cultivated in production and preliminary variety testing plots. The maximum protein content in the seeds of varieties approved for cultivation was 41.4 % with an average value of 39.9 %. A significantly higher range of trait variability (9.9 %) was found in the soybean collection. Promising initial forms for breeding are variety specimens ‘Zelda’, ‘Irbis’, ‘Sforza’, ‘Santana’ and ‘Vesta’. They accumulate 44.3 % to 46.7 % of protein in seeds.
Identification of allelic combinations of the Ppd-D1, Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 genes in common wheat lines obtained in the National Center of Grain named after P. P. Lukyanenko
Authors:   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Zubanova Yu.S. , Filobok V.A. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Guenkova E.A. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Davoyan E.R. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Boldakov D.M. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Mikov D.S. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko
Published: October 2020

An analysis of the allelic composition of the genes determining photoperiodic sensitivity (Ppd-D1) and the need for vernalization (Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1) was carried out in 286 common wheat lines obtained in the National Center of Grain named after P. P. Lukyanenko with the use of allele-specific primers. The analyzed samples were distributed over 21 haplotypes; the dominant allele of the Ppd-D1a gene prevailed in the studied material. 123 lines of common wheat carry a combination of D-RRD alleles. The lines that can be attributed to the group of alternate wheat (R-RDR, R-RRD) were identified. All studied samples carry the recessive allele of at least one VRN1 gene.
Comparative characteristics of the introduced Chinese rice germplasm and adapted local varieties of Kuban breeding under the environmental conditions of Southern Russia
Authors:   Federal Scientific Rice Centre, Korotenko T.L. , Mukhina Zh.M. ,   Federal Scientific Rice Centre
Published: October 2020

Under the environmental conditions of the Kuban region, morphological, vegetative and economic characteristics of the Russian and Chinese genotypes of Oryza sativa L. were studied; adapted productive forms were identified. In the course of research, productive introduced forms were selected for further breeding work. Sixteen lines were tolerant to Pyricularia and demonstrated the strong biological potential and adaptability to the conditions of the region.
Breeding durum wheat of an alternative growing cycle
Authors:   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Mudrova A.A. , Yanovsky A.S. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Bespalova L.A. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko
Published: October 2020

The aim of the research was to create durum wheat variety of an alternative growing cycle with genetically determined increased plasticity and adaptability. Created variety “Cordon” is characterized by high immunity to leaf diseases; it is affected by spike fusarium weaker than the standard one. In terms of yield, the studied variety was close to the highly productive varieties of winter soft wheat ‘Tanya’ and ‘Yuka’. In competitive variety testing in 2016 and 2017, its advantage in productivity compared to varieties of spring durum wheat was noted; high grain quality parameters were saved, too. The frost resistance was also not inferior to the standard variety ‘Krupinka’.
Assessment of chemical mutagens by a complex of features in the selection of garlic
Authors:   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Nemtinov V.I. , Shirokova A.V. ,   Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Zubochenko A.A. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Belova I.V. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Grunina E.N. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Danilova I.L. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Serebryakova O.A. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea
Published: October 2020

Some positive effect of chemical mutagen treatments of air garlic bulbs on the morphometric parameters and economically valuable traits of winter garlic bulbs in the second generation was established.
Sterility of seed batches of corn in contrasting climatic zones
Authors:   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Ognianik L.G. , Lemeshchenko R.A. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Parpurenko N.V. ,   National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko
Published: October 2020

The article presents the results of soil control of sterile maternal forms of corn hybrids in winter crops on the island of Hainan (China) and in summer crops in the Krasnodar city (Russia) in 2018. In order to assess the sterility of seed parties, based on the data obtained, not less than 99% sterility was noted in the six studied parental forms.
Result of breeding work to create promising new variety of melon ‘Katyusha’
Authors:   Bykovskaya melon breeding experimental station - branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ", Suslova V.A. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing", Kornilova M.S. ,   Bykovskaya melon breeding experimental station - branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing", Galichkina E.A. ,   Bykovskaya melon breeding experimental station - branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing"
Published: October 2020

This article provides brief information about melon varieties, presents the results of testing promising breeding varieties of the Bykovskaya experimental station. As a result of three-year research, promising new high-yielding (up to 25.7 t/ha) melon variety ‘Katyusha’ was identified. The average fruit weight over three years reached 2.8 kg. Tasting score was 4.5 points. According to our studies, 2019 was the most favorable year for the cultivation of melon variety ‘Katyusha’, since it exceeded the yield of standard one during the years of research. Thus, ‘Katyusha’ deserves its proper place on the market.
Spring triticale breeding in the Upper Volga Federal Agrarian Scientific Center
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Organic Fertilizers and Peat - a branch of Upper Volga Federal Agrarian Scientific Center, Tyslenko A.M. , Zuev D.V. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Organic Fertilizers and Peat - a branch of Upper Volga Federal Agrarian Scientific Center, Skatova S.E. ,   Upper Volga Federal Agrarian Scientific Center
Published: October 2020

The results of spring triticale breeding in the Upper Volga Federal Agrarian Scientific Center in cooperation with scientific institutions of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan are presented. Collaboration was based on an environmental principle. The main task was creation of varieties tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses with potential feed grain yield of 5.0–6.5 t/ha on low fertile soils and 8.0–-9.0 t/ha on cultivated by intensive technologies. During 2003–2019 high-yielding mid-early spring triticale varieties ‘Grebeshok’, ‘Amigo’, ‘Amore’, ‘Rovnya’, ‘Rossika’; mid-season ‘Normann’, ‘Carmen’, ‘Dobroe’, ‘Zaozerye’, Dauren were created and approved for use in various regions of the Russian Federation. Cultivation of these varieties contributes to an increase and stabilization of feed grain harvests, an improvement in the ecological balance of the environment, an introduction of temporarily uncultivated lands into agricultural circulation, and an increase in livestock productivity.
Measuring Regional Differences in Living Standards in Russia
Authors: Elakhovsky V. S.
Published: October 2020

The article reflects some of the results of the author’s research on improving the accuracy of statistical assessments of inter-regional differences in the standard of living of the Russian population. Regional differences that have taken place over the past 15 years in the Russian Federation are measured using important indicators of living standards such as average per capita monetary income and final consumption per capita. The author states that the inter-regional differences in the period under review, although present, were quite small and relatively stable over time. Treatment of the results from international comparisons conducted under the auspices of the OECD and according to the author’s calculations related to a set of Russian regions confirms the presence of the Balassa-Samuelson effect. The adjustment of indicators under review to the territorial price index is carried out, as a result of which the level of differentiation of regions becomes noticeably lower, in full accordance with this effect. At the same time, the order of regions in the series ranked by cost of living indicators changes slightly, which leads to the conclusion that the reduction of differentiation by taking into account inter-regional differences in the price level is mainly due to the compression of the range of changes in the monetary indicators of living standards. To check the adequacy of the obtained conclusions, a comparative inter-regional analysis was carried out using some indicators that reflect the standard of living, such as per capita consumption of meat and meat products, housing security, and average life expectancy at birth. To obtain a comparative benchmark for the same set of differentiation measures, differences in living standards are measured for the aggregate of countries in the world as a whole and the aggregate of EU countries in particular. According to the author, the comprehensive use of methods and techniques for inter-regional statistical analysis of the well-being of the population confirms a positive trend in the implementation of one of the directions of current Russian socio-economic policy.
Current Trends in Crop Yield Forecasting Based on the Use of Econometric Models
Authors: Arkhipova M. Yu. , Smirnov A. I.
Published: October 2020

Agriculture is one of the most important branches of the national economy and the main supplier of food and raw materials for many industries. Agricultural sector in Russia has recently been undergoing renewal and growth due to the intensifi cation and application of modern innovative technologies for monitoring the state of fields using satellite images based on computer vision systems. At the same time, there is still a number of problems and challenges that require prompt solutions. One of them is developing new forecasting models and methods for key resulting indicators of agricultural development and have an advantage over existing models. To improve the accuracy of forecasting models, it is necessary to rely on a broad range of available statistical indicators and new modern econometric tools. The paper presents a set of methodological developments for modeling and forecasting crop yields based on the use of new econometric models that allow working with a truncated regression by limiting the range of possible negative values, statistical estimations of the introduced indicators that focus on the ecological component, as well as structural and general economic indicators. The suggested models allow obtaining more accurate forecasts compared to traditional popular models based on the least squares method. The work relies on Rosstat data for 100 agricultural fields located in municipalities of 43 regions of Russia, selected in proportion to the volume of crop production in this region. The results of this study are of interest to international and Russian organizations of various levels, whose activities are related to the issues of making managerial decisions aimed at ensuring food security of the country, improving the level and quality of life of the population, as well as organizations designed to provide modern conditions for farming on the ground.
Reciclaje: materializaciones de militancia en la ExESMA
Authors: Teichert Erika
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo propone un recorrido de las intervenciones artísticas en el actual Espacio Memoria y Derechos Humanos (exESMA) en Buenos Aires, Argentina, considerando el rol central que la militancia ha tomado recientemente en discursos de derechos humanos. Así, buscamos apartarnos de lecturas de la exESMA como un espacio de violencia, horror, o incluso memoria, para entenderlo como un espacio de experiencias corpóreas de militancia que encuentran continuidades con el pasado reciente. De esta manera, leemos la exESMA como agente y partícipe en el ejercicio de militancia, especialmente a través de la materialidad e inter-materialidad del espacio mismo y las intervenciones artísticas allí realizadas. Específicamente, consideramos una estética de reciclaje para analizar las formas en que dichas intervenciones en el espacio materializan el cruce entre arte, militancia y derechos humanos. Partiendo desde un marco teórico interdisciplinario que refleja nuestro objeto de estudio, estudiaremos las intersecciones materiales y estéticas en trabajos realizados por Grupo de Arte Callejero (GAC) y otros aspectos del espacio que representan y provocan dichas experiencias de militancia y sus continuidades con el pasado.
DIVERSITY AND SUBSTRATE ECOLOGY OF LUCISPOROMYCETIDAE IN THE PYATYKHATSKYI FOREST (KHARKIV, UKRAINE)
Authors: Маркіна Т. Ю. , Леонтьєв Д. В.
Published: October 2020

As a result of the field study, carried out in June 2019, 34 species of bright-spored myxomycetes from 11 genera, 5 families and 4 orders of the subclass Lucisporomycetidae were collected in the Pyatykhatskyi Forest Massif, PFM (Kharkiv, Ukraine). Among the found orders of the myxomycetes, Trichiales (20 species) prevails by number of species, demonstrating much larger diversity, than Cribrariales (7 species), Reticulariales (5) and Liceales (2). Among the families of the Lucisporomycetidae, the leading position is occupied by Trichiaceae (19 species); the rest of the families revealed the fewer number of species. Among the genera of myxomycetes, Cribraria Pers., Trichia Haller, and Arcyria F.H. Wigg. were the most abundant regarding the number of species. The species from the five leading genera represent 70.6% of the total species diversity of Lucisporomycetidae in PFM. All the myxomycetes species were found on substrates formed by tree plant species; only Arcyria cinderea, Hemitrichia serpula and Tubifera ferruginosa were also found on bryophyte, while A. denudata was also collected on the wet soil. Among the substrates formed by woody plants, the two-thirds of myxomycete species were observed on the dead wood. On the substrates formed by Quercus robur, Acer platanoides and Tilia cordata, 18 species of myxomycetes were found, including 14, 12, and 4 species on each of these substrate-forming plants, respectively. The taxonomic structure of the myxomycete biota on different types of substrate-forming plants is significantly different. On Tilia cordata, Fraxinus excelsior and Quercus robur more than half of the taxonomic spectrum is formed by species of Trichiaceae, on the Pinus sylvestris the family Cribrariaceae dominates, while on A. platanoides species from the Reticularaceae appear to be the most diverse. The presence of the only representative of Dianemataceae, C. metallica, found on the bark of T. cordata, and a moderate diversity of Liceaceae on F. excelsior seem to be noteworthy. The data obtained allow us to characterize the biota of the brightspored myxomycetes of the PFM as mostly xylophilic, with a predominance of Cribrariales and Trichiales and a tendency of sporulation on the dominant species of forest-forming plants.
THE TROPHIC STRUCTURE OF THE SUBCORTICAL ENTOMOFAUNA OF COLEOPTERA IN THE DECIDUOUS PLANTATIONS OF THE HOMILSHA WOODS NATIONAL NATURE PARK
Authors: Бєлявцев М. П. , Скрильник Ю. Є.
Published: October 2020

The research was carried out in 2019/2020 in the Homilsha Woods National Nature Park in the plantings with different levels of anthropogenic load: an economic area (with selective sanitary felling in 2017); ‘recreation + felling’ in winter 2019); a protected area; an area of regulated recreation; an area of stationary recreation. A total of 63 species from 49 genera of 23 families of subcortical Coleoptera with the predominance of Cerambycidae and Curculionidae: Scolytinae were identified. Xylophages (23 species, or 36.5%) and entomophages (16 species, or 25.4%) predominated in terms of the number of species. Saproxylophages included 13 species (20.6%), xylomycetophages – 7 species (11.1%), myxomycetophages – 3 species (4.8%), mycetophages – 1 species (1.6%). Xylophages are represented in four families, xylomycetophages in two ones, entomophages in eight ones, saproxyphages in eight families, and mycetophages in one family. In the area of regulated recreation, 37 species of subcortical Coleoptera were identified (58.7%), in the areas of stationary recreation and protected area – 25 and 32 species, or 39.7 and 50.8%, respectively. In the plantings of economic and recreational ones, where selective felling was carried out, 27 and 25 species were identified respectively (42.9 and 39.7% of the total number of detected species). In the economic and recreational areas, where selective felling had just been carried out, xylophages accounted for 51.9 and 56%, and entomophages for 18.5 and 20% of all subcortical Coleoptera species found in each area. In the protected area and the area of regulated recreation, xylophages make up 25 and 29.7% respectively, and entomophages – 28.1 and 24.3%, respectively. With the help of the Sorensen-Chekanovsky index, the plantings with the high similarity of the subcortical fauna of Coleoptera were determined as: 1 – areas of economic and recreational areas where felling was carried out, and 2 – areas of the protected area and regulated recreation area.
Achieving Food System Transformation: Insights From A Retrospective Review of Nutrition Policy (In)Action in High-Income Countries
Authors: Lee Amanda J. , Cullerton Katherine , Herron Lisa-Maree
Published: October 2020

Background: Comprehensive nutrition policies are required urgently to help transform food systems to more equitably deliver healthy, sustainable diets. Methods: Literature was searched systematically for nutrition policies of the then 34 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) members as part of a scoping study. Recently, results were re-analysed, against the NOURISHING framework. Results: Twenty-three nutrition policy documents were identified for 19 jurisdictions. Most policy actions focused on the behaviour change communication domain: all (100%) promoted consumption of ‘healthy’ choices. In the food environment domain, most policies included food labelling (84%), product reformulation (68%), providing healthy foods in public institutions (89%, mainly schools), and restricting food advertising (53%), largely through voluntary codes. Relatively few economic tools were being applied. There was very little focus on reducing consumption of ‘unhealthy’ food or drinks. Not all nutrition policy actions identified were covered by the NOURISHING framework. Conclusion: The NOURISHING framework could be expanded to more comprehensively encompass the health and sustainability dimensions of food systems, eg, by detailing optimum governance arrangements. As recently as seven years ago, half of the most developed economies globally did not have a publicly available nutrition policy. Existing policies were dominated by conventional nutrition education approaches, while policy actions targeting food environments, and regulatory and legislative reforms, were rare. This is consistent with a neo-liberal approach centring individual responsibility. No examples of the multi-strategy, inter-sectoral, coordinated, evidence-based policies required to drive systemic transformation were identified. Therefore, it is not surprising that rates of obesity and diet-related conditions have continued to rise in these jurisdictions, nor that governments are currently off-track to deliver the systemic transformation required to meet relevant global health and sustainable development goals.
Expanding Public Health Policy Analysis for Transformative Change: The Importance of Power and Ideas Comment on "What Generates Attention to Health in Trade Policy-Making? Lessons From Success in Tobacco Control and Access to Medicines: A Qualitative Study of Australia and the (Comprehensive and Progressive) Trans-Pacific Partnership"
Authors: Milsom Penelope , Smith Richard , Walls Helen
Published: October 2020

It is increasingly recognised within public health scholarship that policy change depends on the nature of the power relations surrounding and embedded within decision-making spaces. It is only through sustained shifts in power in all its forms (visible, hidden and invisible) that previously excluded perspectives have influence in policy decisions. Further, consideration of the underlying neoliberal paradigm is essential for understanding how existing power dynamics and relations have emerged and are sustained. In their analysis of political and governance factors, Townsend et al have provided critical insight into future potential strategies for increasing attention to health concerns in trade policy. In this commentary we explore how incorporating theories of power more rigorously into similar political analyses, as well as more explicit critical consideration of the neoliberal political paradigm, can assist in analysing if and how strategies can effectively challenge existing power relations in ways that are necessary for transformative policy change.
Reformas carcelarias y saberes criminológicos en el cono sur. Una mirada comparada y transnacional de Argentina y Chile en la década de 1930
Authors: Silva Jeremías
Published: October 2020

Este artículo indaga las reformas carcelarias que tuvieron lugar en Argentina y Chile en el período de entreguerras. Analiza el clima de ideas y las controversias en torno a la administración del castigo masculino y busca dar cuenta de las transformaciones en la estructura estatal en ambos países. En tal sentido, abordaremos dos problemáticas que si bien se distinguen analíticamente se encuentran estrechamente vinculadas. Por un lado, a partir de las herramientas de la historia comparada proponemos dilucidar las especificidades que adquirió la creación de agencias gubernamentales encargadas de las prisiones, así como el rol de los funcionarios en ambos países. Por otro lado, apoyándonos en las perspectivas de la historia transnacional, analizaremos las características que asumieron las ideas de la criminología positivista y los diferentes proyectos que llevaron adelante estos especialistas dentro del Estado.
Del derecho a la economía: las principales referencias teóricas en la política de seguridad social argentina (1949 - 1983)
Authors: Dvoskin Nicolás
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo se propone una exposición y análisis de las principales publicaciones, revistas, libros y documentos en los que se difundieron los programas teóricos sobre la seguridad social argentina, enfatizando en el sistema previsional. Comenzando en 1949, en ocasión de la reforma constitucional que incluyó por primera vez a los derechos sociales en la carta magna, se postula que hasta mediados de la década del sesenta la seguridad social fue ante todo un problema jurídico. Se propone un primer cambio de énfasis alrededor del golpe de Estado de 1966, a partir del cual la seguridad social se entiende como un medio para asegurar el desarrollo económico y social. A partir de 1976 y en adelante, la seguridad social se convierte en un problema eminentemente económico, con la sustentabilidad financiera en el centro de los debates. El análisis documental termina en 1983 pero se postula que lo económico seguirá guiando los debates de la seguridad social hasta la actualidad. En síntesis, se propone una no tan habitual dimensión de análisis de la seguridad social, extrapolable a otros ámbitos: el estudio de las ideas que guiaron sus debates desde una matriz interdisciplinaria.
Construcción de hegemonía y Estado: algunas bases teóricas
Authors: Cantamutto Francisco
Published: October 2020

La emergencia en la región de gobiernos de cuño distinto al neoliberal, signifi có un cambio de las relaciones entre el Estado y los sectores populares, que puso en cuestión el rol que el pensamiento crítico le había asignado. El Estado deja de aparecer como garante de la exclusión social para cumplir un rol de inclusión. En Argentina, el kirchnerismo se inscribe en este marco y lo nutre. Diversos estudios buscan interpretar este cambio en torno al Estado a partir de la categoría de hegemonía, abrevando tanto desde estudios clásicos del marxismo –Gramsci en primer lugar– como desde los planteos post-fundacionales de Laclau. El artículo busca esquematizar las diferencias en los fundamentos teóricos en torno al Estado, que informarían estas divergentes interpretaciones del kirchnerismo como construcción hegemónica. Se propone recuperar una visión relacional del Estado como base para el estudio de la hegemonía.
Convergencia ODS-universidad. Una propuesta para conocer las expectativas y percepciones de la comunidad académica acerca de la agenda 2030
Authors: Cavallo Marcela Analía , Ledesma Alicia Beatriz , Diaz Liliana Patricia , Facco Silvina María del Luján , Benzi Carolina Soledad , Schmidt Strano Erika
Published: October 2020

En este escrito se presenta el proyecto de investigación denominado: “Aportes de la Universidad a la Agenda 2030. El impacto de las percepciones y expectativas de la comunidad académica de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística (UNR) en la consecución de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS)” que será desarrollado en el período 2020-2024. El problema que guía nuestro trabajo, tiene como punto de partida a la Universidad, en su rol formativo y generador de conocimiento, pero principalmente como agente clave en el desarrollo social para responder a las demandas en pos de un mundo más equitativo y sostenible. Asimismo, un valioso aporte han sido algunos trabajos como los conceptos de la Red de Australia, Nueva Zelanda y el Pacífico de soluciones de desarrollo sostenible (SDSN) en pos de la promoción de soluciones políticas y de educación pública para la sostenibilidad y el recorrido por algunas investigaciones que dan cuenta de un mapa preliminar sobre la presencia de los ODS en universidades argentinas. Con este marco, el escrito presenta la propuesta de investigación sobre el tema en la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística para los 4 años de duración del proyecto. Se sostiene que los resultados de la investigación permitirán contribuir al enriquecimiento de los debates en torno de los ODS. Asimismo, los hallazgos producidos sobre percepciones y expectativas, podrán ser herramientas de gestión en la unidad académica de referencia en cuanto permitirán problematizar la construcción de modelos, el diseño de políticas y estrategias en pos del logro de los ODS.
construcción de valor como sumatoria de capacidades, en la incertidumbre que genera el COVID 19
Authors: Amigo Adriana Célide , Arcieri Hernán Carlos , Perozzi Alberto Ramón
Published: October 2020

La ecuación del valor es la relación entre los requerimientos de los clientes, las expectativas de los clientes y la oferta de la empresa. Esa construcción de valor basada en el equilibrio entre esos tres miembros de la ecuación, se ha visto alterada profundamente ante la declaración de pandemia mundial por parte de la OMS. El desafío empresarial será formular, implementar y controlar una nueva construcción en donde se determine el estado de los requerimientos actuales de los mercados frente a sus expectativas, lo que generará un oferta de la empresa distinta, única, comprometida la que deberá ser puesta a prueba en el antes, el durante y el después, pues los requerimientos de los mercados finales e industriales se habrán visto alterados ante la presencia de un enemigo común, contra el que sólo se puede actuar desde la prevención y desde el aislamiento. En esas circunstancias, muchos mercados se han vistos transformados y la comunidad científica deberá ser el aval de la confiabilidad de las marcas.
experiencia del cliente desde el aislamiento
Authors: Sciarroni Roberto
Published: October 2020

En forma repentina se forja un escenario generalizado de anomia que invade a la población y por ende al Consumidor. Fue una etapa de desorganización de la cual no se tenía antecedentes. Las consecuencias fueron inmediatas, sumergió a las personas en una situación caracterizada por la incertidumbre y la confusión. Durante ese fin de semana se migró, de un estado de trabajar y utilizar los excedentes financieros para los placeres del mundo consumista como viajar o divertirse, a una modalidad de trabajar para sobrevivir.
El nacimiento de la vejez y el envejecimiento en la Argentina durante la primera mitad del siglo XX. La contribución de los saberes demográficos, médicos y jurídicos
Authors: Otero Hernán
Published: October 2020

El artículo aborda los saberes que confluyeron en la emergencia del envejecimiento y la vejez como temas de la agenda política y social.  Para ello reconstruye la evolución de tres áreas disciplinares: la teoría del envejecimiento demográfico, introducida por el economista Alejandro Bunge; los saberes médicos sobre la vejez, y el lugar de los ancianos en el derecho hasta la sanción de los Derechos de la Ancianidad en 1948. El análisis se inicia en el siglo XIX pero centra su atención en la década de 1940, momento decisivo para la emergencia pública de la vejez y el envejecimiento como tema de agenda de las políticas sociales.
Los comandantes de armas y la pugna por el control territorial: San Luis de Loyola a principios de la década revolucionaria
Authors: Tejerina Marcela Viviana
Published: October 2020

El trabajo se centra en los comandantes de armas de la ciudad de San Luis, hasta el nombramiento de los tenientes gobernadores en el año 1812. En tanto el control de las armas devino en control del territorio, el rol de los comandantes de armas adquirió una vital importancia. Bajo la doble dinámica que enfrentó a las ciudades subalternas con las capitales de intendencia y el gobierno de Buenos Aires, los conflictos que involucraron a los comandantes de armas y al cuerpo territorial puntano dan cuenta de la creciente tensión en torno del principio de autogobierno.
Inteligencia emocional y ética de la responsabilidad solidaria: como contribuir hoy a una pedagogía humanizada
Authors: Morales María del Carmen Patricia
Published: October 2020

El fin de este trabajo es contribuir en el proceso educativo de los niños y jóvenes desde la inteligencia emocional y el consenso de principios éticos universales. Se recurre a un enfoque transdisciplinario que reúne tres fuentes diversas, pero convergentes: la propuesta de Goleman del paradigma de inteligencia emocional, que parte de la filosofía y de la psicología experimental; la ética de la corresponsabilidad solidaria elaborada como complemento de la ética discursiva de Karl-Otto Apel, y a ello se suma el marco normativo del derecho internacional y de las Naciones Unidas, en particular, la Convención de los Derechos del Niño. Finalmente, y teniendo en cuenta la situación dada por la pandemia de la COVID19 se ofrecen algunas reflexiones finales sobre la importancia y conveniencia de una propuesta transdisciplinaria y transcultural, que permite una comprensión que parte de lo local hasta lo planetario.
Un proyecto para trabajar la inteligencia espiritual a través de coaching
Authors: Alarcón Orozco Elena
Published: October 2020

En pleno siglo XXI y ante el momento social que estamos viviendo, nos planteamos como reto educativo trabajar para alcanzar el desarrollo íntegro de la persona, algo que es difícil de conseguir si solo trabajamos las capacidades cognitivas o culturales. A partir de esta idea y tomando como referencia la concepción humanista del ser humano como ser bio-psico-socio-espiritual, nos planteamos como objetivo la formación de docentes preparados para trabajar todas las facetas humanas, esto incluye las capacidades emocionales y espirituales. Utilizando como técnica de investigación el análisis documental, hemos recogido información que nos ha permitido conceptualizar la inteligencia emocional y la inteligencia espiritual desde la perspectiva de la psicología humanista y la psicología positiva, relacionando los componentes de una y otra, de manera que pudiéramos diseñar una propuesta de intervención que nos permita trabajar al mismo tiempo, en el desarrollo de habilidades tanto emocionales como existenciales. En base a este trabajo, hemos diseñado un proyecto de intervención educativa, que utiliza el coaching como instrumento para desarrollar ambas capacidades en el ámbito educativo. De este modo, creemos que, fomentando el desarrollo de las facetas espirituales y las fortalezas humanas, podemos contribuir al desarrollo de competencias y alcanzar así una de las finalidades del sistema educativo.
Preliminary results of fisheries research in the East Siberian Sea at the RV «Professor Levanidov» in September 2019
Authors: Orlov A. M. , Benzik A. N. , Vedishcheva E. V. , Gorbatenko K. M. , Goryanina S. V. , Zubarevich V. L. , Kodryan K. V. , Nosov M. A. , Orlova S. Yu. , Pedchenko A. P. , Rybakov M. O. , Sokolov A. M.
Published: October 2020

The results of complex research carried out in the East Siberian Sea on board of RV “Professor Levanidov” in September 2019 are presented. The formation of positive air temperature anomalies over the sea, the expansion of the zone of river flow influence in the central and southeastern parts of the shelf, and an abnormal decrease in sea ice cover were noted. Arctic water masses and the waters of the East Siberian Sea were dominant on the shelf. At depths of more than 180 m, waters of Atlantic origin were well traced by salinity more than 34.5 ‰, positive temperature and silicon content less than <10 μM. Photosynthesis processes were limited by nitrogen, whose concentrations in the photic layer were reduced to analytical zero. Summer phase of phyto- and zooplankton development was observed in most of the sea. The main contribution to the total biomass of mesoplankton was made by copepods and chaetognaths. Plankton biomass on the inner shelf was twice as high as on the outer shelf. The average benthic biomass in trawl catches was 15 kg per mile, of which up to 74 % was echinoderms and 9 % crustaceans.17 fish species from 6 families were registered in trawl catches. The dominant species was the polar cod Boreogadus saida found in small numbers almost everywhere at depths 33 to 250 m with bottom temperatures from –1.7 to 0.47 °C, kept sparse, without forming dense aggregations. Maximum concentrations were observed in the southeastern part of the study area. High intensity of fish feeding was noted. Diets of polar cod and snailfishes (Liraridae) consisted mostly of hyperiids, gammarids, and copepods. The diet of capelin Mallotus villosus was dominated by copepods. Polychaetes and gammarids formed the bulk of the diet of sculpins (Cottidae). Microplastics are found in small quantities in the southeastern and central part of the sea only. Tissue samples were collected for population-genetic analysis, DNA‑barcoding studies, and analysis of aquaDNA.
Resources and fishery of Pacific salmon in Magadan region in the beginning of the 21st century
Authors: Gorokhov M. N. , Volobuev V. V. , Golovanov I. S.
Published: October 2020

There are two main areas of pacific salmon fishing in the Magadan region: Shelikhova Gulf and Tauiskaya Bay. The main fishing species is pink salmon in the region. Its share of total salmon catch by odd-year returns reaches 85 %. Data on the dynamics of escapement to the spawning grounds of pink salmon of the Shelikhova Gulf and Tauiskaya Bay are presented. The displacement of the level of spawning returns of pink salmon into the Shelihova Gulf with the simultaneous reduction of its returns to the Tauiskaya Bay is shown. Data on the dynamics of the fishing indicators of pink salmon for the two main fishing areas are provided. The Tauiskaya Bay as the main pink salmon fishery area loses its importance is shown. Graphical data on the escapement of producers pink salmon to the spawning grounds are presented and the optimal values of spawning escapements are estimated. Chum salmon is the second largest and most fishing species. Information on the dynamics of the number of returns, catch and escapement to the spawning grounds of chum salmon is given. The indicators of escapement to the spawning areas and their compliance with the optimal passes of salmon producers are analyzed. The issues of the dynamics of returns number, catch and the escapement to the spawning grounds of coho salmon producers are considered. The level of the escapement to the spawning areas is shown and the ratio of actual to optimal values of passes is estimated. The role of coho salmon as an object of industrial fishing and amateur fishing is shown. The extent of fishing press on individual groups of salmon populations is discussed. It is concluded that it is necessary to remove the main salmon fishery from the Tauiskaya Bay to the Shelikhova Gulf.
Ecological response to changes in the structure of water masses in the pelagic of the Canary Current Marine Ecosystem
Authors: Krasnoborodko O. Yu. , Chernyshkov P. P. , Shustin A. Y.
Published: October 2020

Based on the results of sea expeditions, interannual changes in structure of the ichthyocenosis in the pelagic zone of the southern shelf of Morocco in the Atlantic Ocean were studied in connection with changes in the habitat. Mass pelagic fish were selected as reference biological species: European and West African horse mackerel, European sardine, Eastern mackerel, sea bream, sea snipe, myctophids, as well as non-commercial fish species. Field data were obtained during the implementation of complex oceanographic surveys in the fall seasons (October-November) 2015–2018. The results of control trawls were used, in which any species amounted to at least 70 % of the catch. The analysis of the species composition of the control trawls, data of hydroacoustic tracking of trawls, thermohaline water characteristics is carried out. Data pairing was carried out by phased extraction and transformation using standard computer programs for processing various types of data (acoustic, hydrological, ichthyological), as well as specially designed programs that allow you to create a single database. It has been established that recent changes in the number of commercial and by-catch species observed in the ARZ of Morocco in recent years are associated with the presence or absence of so-called “settlement windows”, which appear in the T, S‑diagram field by regions of different configurations, which indicates changes in the ratios of water masses. Based on the identified relationships between changes in the ratio of water masses and changes in the species composition of the control trawls of accounting replenishment surveys, estimates of the expected changes in the biomass of mass pelagic fish in the coming years are made.
Barents Sea thermal frontal zones variability in 1960–2018
Authors: Ivshin V. A. , Trofimov A. G. , Titov O. V.
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses our research on the interannual variability in the Barents Sea thermal frontal zones. The length index of the thermal frontal zones (the number of grid nodes with a relevant temperature gradient) and their mean temperature gradients at 50 m depth in August-September 1960–2018 were calculated for an area between 73–78°N, 15–43°E, where the frontal zones are more evident. Thermal frontal zones were identified in the areas where temperature gradients exceeded 0.04 °C/km. Since the beginning of this century, the length index of thermal frontal zones in the Barents Sea has been decreasing and temperature gradients in them have been weakening; in 2010, the length index of frontal zones and the mean temperature gradient reached record low values since 1960. To estimate interannual variability in the positions of thermal frontal zones, their geographical centroids (weighted centers of mass for grid nodes with a relevant temperature gradient) were calculated, taking into account horizontal temperature gradients as weighting coefficients. From the 1960s to the 2010s, the decadal mean centroids of frontal zones shifted northeastwards by 150 km.