bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Registration of Mortgage Rights that Exceed the Time Limit at the Agrarian and Spatial Planning Office/National Land Agency Based on Law Number 4 of 1996 in Tasikmalaya City
Authors: Noor Aslan , Anita Dewi , Wijaya Anandya Tasya , Adiwijaya Ratna Sari Putri
Published: January 2025

Mortgage is defined as a security right imposed on land rights. On 19 April 1996, Law Number 4 of 1996 on Mortgage Rights over land and objects related to land (UUHT) was enacted. This system is regulated in PMATR/KBPN Number 5 of 2020 concerning electronically integrated Mortgage Rights Services, which aims to provide certainty and legal protection in utilising land as an object of Mortgage Rights. This research examines how the registration of Mortgage Rights that exceeds the time limit at the ATR / BPN Office based on UUHT Number 4 of 1996 in Tasikmalaya City and what are the legal consequences if the registration of the Deed of Granting Mortgage (APHT) exceeds the time limit at the Agrarian and Spatial Planning Office / National Land Agency.The research method used is Empirical Juridical, with data sources from the ATR / BPN Office of Tasikmalaya City, PPAT, and Mortgage Rights Applicants in Tasikmalaya City. The data collection technique uses primary and secondary data. The results show that the process of encumbering Mortgage Rights in Tasikmalaya City often exceeds the time limit of 7 working days stipulated by UUHT article 13 paragraph (2), with an average delay of 0.28% during January to July 2024. The legal consequences are administrative sanctions in the form of verbal warnings. This delay does not cause the cancellation of Mortgage Rights, but the law cannot provide optimal protection to creditors according to the purpose of the certificate of mortgage rights.
Enforcement of Criminal Laws Against Coal Mining Without a Permit in the Muara Enim Police Area
Authors: Purnomo  , Saipuddin Zahri  , Abdul Latif Mahfuz
Published: January 2025

The development of mining activities without permits has also led to an increase in the trade of mining products on the black market, where natural resources are exploited illegally and mining products are distributed and sold illegally to avoid government taxes, which has reached a very worrying stage. This research method uses empirical juridical. Next, the topic of discussion was the enforcement of criminal law against coal mining without a permit in the Muara Enim police area. As a result, law enforcement carried out in the Muara Enim Police area against unlicensed miners has been carried out but has not been optimal, because there are no comprehensive regulations.
Juridical Review of Seller's False Information in Villa Sale and Purchase Transactions Resulting in Consumer Losses Based on Law No. 8. Year 1999 concerning Consumer Protection
Authors: Monica Dian Ekasari  , Yuniar Rahmatiar  , Muhamad Abas
Published: January 2025

False information is any information that is deliberately conveyed with the aim  of  misleading  or  manipulating  the recipient  of  the information.  This practice can occur under consumer protection law, including in advertising, selling products or services, and various other forms of communication. False information often goes against the principles of honesty, transparency and integrity in communication. The case that occurred in decision number 57/Pdt.G/2021/PN.Cbi was the sale of a villa or called Villa NE-21. The practice of buying and selling Villa NE-21 was carried out not according to procedures, namely providing false information to consumers, this is serious violations of consumer protection principles and applicable laws. This research adopts two main methods, namely normative juridical and analytical descriptive approaches. PPJB NE-21 which has been signed by the plaintiff and defendant can be said to be null and void due to false information carried out by the seller in the sale and purchase transaction of Villa NE-21. According to the author's analysis, the verdict read out by the panel of judges is in accordance with statutory provisions. In article 19 of the UUPK it is explained that business actors must be responsible for all forms of losses experienced by consumers, and the form of responsibility carried out by business actors can be converted into money.
The Role and Obstacles of the Indonesian Child Protection Commission in Handling Bullying
Authors: Andryawan Andryawan , Catharina Dewi Wulansari
Published: January 2025

The role of children is significant in bringing about changes in the nation's future. Children are expected to become individuals with noble character, and intelligence, and have a positive contribution to social life. However, children often carry out negative actions that deviate from the values and norms of society, one of which is bullying. In Indonesia, there is an institution to deal with bullying through supervision, namely the independent supervisory institution, the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI). KPAI is the government's answer to dealing with the high increase in cases of criminal acts of bullying, especially against children. This research uses a descriptive normative juridical research method with a statutory approach. Laws and problems are studied thoroughly through literature research, including legal regulations that apply in Indonesia, books, journals, expert perspectives, articles, and related issues in society. The results of this research show that KPAI has an important role as an independent institution in supervising the implementation of child protection. However, there are still many factors that hinder KPAI's movement, such as internal factors from the KPAI institutional arrangements, or external factors, namely the persistence of stigma and fear in reporting cases of violence, or the lack of legal awareness in society regarding the protection of children's rights.
Validity of the Collective Agreement in Terminating a Fixed Term Employment Agreement According to Labor Law
Authors: Michele Fedryca  , Rasji
Published: January 2025

The termination of a fixed-term employment agreement (PKWT) is regulated by applicable laws and regulations, including but not limited to the Employment Law. A PKWT can automatically terminate upon the expiration of the agreed-upon term, or it may also be terminated prior to the specified time if there are valid reasons, such as a breach of contractual provisions, force majeure circumstances, or mutual agreement between the parties. The termination procedure must be carried out in accordance with the provisions written in the agreement, with written notice provided to the other party within a sufficient timeframe for that party to make necessary preparations. Employees are entitled to receive all rights stipulated in the agreement, including but not limited to salary, benefits, and other entitlements, until the last day of employment. Conversely, the employer is obligated to provide valid and clear evidence of termination to avoid disputes in the future. If the termination is conducted in a manner that does not comply with the procedure or without a justifiable reason, the employee has the right to file a lawsuit to claim their entitlements. Therefore, it is essential for both parties to understand and adhere to the provisions contained in the employment agreement and to ensure that there are clear clauses regarding the conditions and procedures for terminating the agreement.
Disparity of Constitutional Court Decisions on The Position of the Corruption Eradication Commission From the Fiqh Siyasah Perspective
Authors: Dinda Putri Sabillah Lubis  , Afifa Rangkuti
Published: January 2025

The Constitutional Court Decision No. 36/PUU-XV/2017 states that the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) is a state institution in the executive domain. This decision contradicts 3 (three) previous conclusions which stated otherwise that the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) is an independent state institution through its decision no. 012-016-019/PUU-IV/2006, No. 5/PUU-IX/2011, Number 49/PUU-XI/2013. This research aims to determine the Constitutional Court Decision Number 36/PUU-XV/2017 regarding the position of the Corruption Eradication Commission as an Independent State Institution in the Indonesian Constitutional Structure. The research method used is juridical-normative legal research with a statutory approach. The data collection technique was carried out by means of library research (library research). This research also reviews the position of the Corruption Eradication Committee (KPK) in the perspective of siyasah fiqh. The concept of the mazalim institution dates back to the Umayyad era. The mazalim institution is a judicial authority that is higher than the al-qada area and the al-hisbah area, namely resolving cases that cannot be resolved by the two judicial institutions. The results of this research explain that Constitutional Court Decision Number 36/PUU-XV/2017 which places the KPK as a state institution whose position and existence is in the executive branch of power has created problems with the KPK's institutional position and relationships. Therefore, the right to inquiry issued by the DPR against the Corruption Eradication Commission is an implementation of the function of legislative oversight of the executive branch (government).
Restitutio in Integrum in Criminal Regulation of Restitution for the Victims of Criminal Acts
Authors: Celine Endang Patricia Sitanggang  , Jennifer Kurnia Putri  , Albertus Hansen Setyabudi  , Sheyla Alif Alfiana
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the application of the Restitutio in Integrum principle in Indonesian laws and regulations governing restitution to victims of criminal acts. It is currently known that the weakness of restitution execution power in Indonesia has made the fulfillment of restitution to victims difficult to realize. This is because there is no binding force, so that the implementation of restitution is oriented towards the goodwill of the perpetrator of the crime. The research method used in this article is normative juridical with statute approach and conceptual approach. This study argues that restitution arrangements in various laws and regulations in Indonesia do not accommodate forced efforts if the perpetrators of criminal acts do not carry out restitution. In this case, the lacuna results in the difficulty of executing payments that should be received by victims of criminal acts. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the application of the principle of restitutio in integrum which is studied through substance, structure, and legal culture as an effort to realize protection as well as justice for victims of inclusive criminal acts.
Nuclear Weapons From the Lens of the UN Charter
Authors: Syifa Syarifa
Published: January 2025

Nuclear weapons have been a longstanding topic of debate in international law, as their presence brings up concerns about their legality and morality in relation to global peace and security, which are core principles of the United Nations (UN). This article analyses the provisions related to the possession, use, and threat of use of nuclear weapons under the UN Charter. Employing a qualitative approach and normative method, this article examines relevant legal documents and scholarly literature. The analysis shows that while the UN Charter does not directly regulate nuclear weapons, its principles have laid the foundation of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW). The possession of nuclear weapons is legally permitted for certain states under the NPT, provided they make sincere efforts toward achieving complete disarmament. Additionally, the use and threat of use of nuclear weapons must comply with the principles of international humanitarian law and customary law, which inherently cannot be fulfilled by nuclear weapons due to their nature.
Process Political of Farming Village Regulations (A Case of Study of The Formation of Village Regulation No. 5 Year 2022 on Implementation of Disaster Management in Majalaya Village Bandung Regency)
Authors: Bambang Rudiansah
Published: January 2025

Village Regulations are legislative rules created by the Village Consultative Body (BPD) together with the village head, which are established by the village head with the purpose of regulating in order to implement higher laws and regulations. The formation of Village Regulations in the case study of the establishment of Village Regulation Number 5 of 2022 concerning Disaster Management in Majalaya Village, Bandung Regency, has not yet reached its targets as of now. Therefore, this research aims to understand the process of formulating policy for village regulations regarding disaster management in Majalaya Village, Bandung Regency. The research method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, and data is obtained through data collection sources such as literature studies, participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data sources are obtained from Majalaya Village, the Majalaya Village Consultative Body, the Disaster Management Organization, and the Youth Organization of Majalaya Village. The data collection techniques use primary and secondary data. The research findings indicate that the Political Process of Formulating Village Regulations (Case Study on the Formulation of Village Regulation Number 5 of 2022 concerning Disaster Management in Majalaya Village, Bandung Regency) has not been optimal due to a lack of competent human resources, ineffective socialization, inadequate transparency in decision-making, and a lack of community participation.
Implementation of Actio Pauliana in the Construction Services Contract for the Construction of the National Strategic Project Sgar Mempawah
Authors: Cindy  , Yuwono Prianto
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of actio pauliana by the parties in the event of default on the contract and what legal protection can be given to the contractor when actio pauliana executed /performed. This study is a normative-Empirical Legal Research, which combines aspects of normative jurisprudence with empirical jurisprudence. Normative aspects include the study of legislation and legal literature related to actio pauliana and construction services law. The results of the study show that the application of actio pauliana must also take into account the legal protection of third parties, especially contractors in good faith. The law recognizes that a buyer in good faith remains entitled to legal protection in order to obtain his rights to the goods he legally purchased. If the buyer is unable to obtain the goods he has purchased as a result of the cancellation of the legal act through actio pauliana, they are entitled to claim damages. It is also important to note that not all legal acts can be annulled through the actio pauliana. Legal acts committed in the interests of the company, not in personal interests, may be excluded from cancellation. This suggests that the law also takes into account the context and purpose of the legal act committed.
Application of the Proportionality Principle in Consumer Dispute Resolution through the Consumer Dispute Settlement Body (BPSK)
Authors: Lina Maulidiana  , Rendy Renaldy  , Salsabila Mareta Rizal
Published: January 2025

The Principle of Proportionality in Consumer Dispute Resolution through the Consumer Dispute Settlement Body (BPSK) must be considered to ensure that neither party is disadvantaged. Based on problem identification, the purpose of this research is to analyze the application of the proportionality principle in resolving consumer disputes by BPSK through a conflict resolution model that is fair, honest, and capable. The research method used is applied research, a type of research whose results can be directly applied to solve the current problem, using a normative applied approach. The data used consists of secondary data collected through literature study techniques and analyzed qualitatively. The research results show that the application of the principle of proportionality implies the existence of balance and refers to the exchange of rights and obligations in all legal relationships, which does not always achieve the same mathematical balance. Therefore, differences in outcomes are considered fair and acceptable if the exchange of rights and obligations is proportional. The suggestion in this study is the need for specific regulations regarding consumer dispute resolution through the Consumer Dispute Settlement Body (BPSK) via a one-stop service.
The Urgency of Regulating Sexual Extortion in Online Gender-Based Violence from a Criminal Law Perspective
Authors: Mellisa Anggraini
Published: January 2025

With the increasing types and forms of Online Gender-Based Sexual Crimes (OGBSC) in this modern era, especially through sexual extortion, it raises the question of whether sexual extortion in OGBSC should still be categorized as extortion. Given that sexual extortion is closely related to the crime of disseminating intimate content through the internet, it is necessary to analyze the legal basis used to criminalize perpetrators of sexual extortion who disseminate intimate content on cyberspace. This paper discusses the Legal Problems of Sexual Extortion with the Motive of Threats of Dissemination of Intimate Content in Indonesia and the Urgency of Regulating Sexual Extortion in Online Gender-Based Violence from a Criminal Law Perspective. The research method uses normative legal research. The results of the study show that cases of sexual extortion in Indonesia related to the dissemination of intimate content due to the perpetrator's threats being ignored, such as in Decision Number 182/Pid.B/2018/PN.Smn and Number 56/Pid.Sus/2019/PN.Mks., both criminalize the perpetrator's actions in disseminating intimate content belonging to the victim, because the victim did not fulfill the perpetrator's wishes in the form of an invitation to marry and money, but the Public Prosecutor or judge ignored the extortion committed by the perpetrator, but only punished the perpetrator with the article on the act of disseminating intimate content and the article on threats of violence or intimidation. So the government needs to improve the articles in the Crime of Sexual Violence Law regarding electronic-based sexual violence, by adding the main crime of sexual extortion.
The Legal Liability of Insurance Companies on Unit-Linked Insurance Plan's Mis-Selling Practices Done by Insurance Agents: an Approach to Law Number 4 of 2023 Concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector (PPSK Law)
Authors: Levina Kezia  , Christine Kansil
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study aims to analyze the legal liability of an insurance company when an Unit-linked Insurance Plan (ULIP) products is mis-sold by an insurance agent. Using the normative judicial method, this study also examines the main factors of mis-selling practices and the legal responsibilities that both insurance companies and their agents have to carry based on Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector (PPSK Law). The results revealed that many insurance agents have a poor knowledge of how ULIP and its investment works. High-pressure sales techniques is also often used by insurance agents to manipulatively persuade policyholders into buying ULIP, which then consequently leads into mis-selling. In accordance to the current PPSK Law, insurance company as the principal of the legally binding agency agreement is liable for the negligent actions commited by their agents, including when they mis-sell an ULIP product, however insurance agents can also be held liable for the negligent actions that are commited outside the scope of their authorities.
Legal Protection for Notaries in Making a Certificate of Inheritance for the Disbursement of Savings Funds Made Based on False Documents by the Parties
Authors: Aditya Salsabila Consoleo  , Benny Djaja
Published: January 2025

The primary duty of a Notary is to create authentic deeds, and their role is particularly significant in the banking sector. For instance, in matters involving the heirs of bank customers, the preparation of an Inheritance Certificate is necessary for the disbursement of savings funds, even in cases where a false Death Certificate is presented. The purpose of this study is to investigate the legal protection available to Notaries when preparing inheritance certificates for savings disbursement based on falsified documents. A Normative Juridical Method is employed, utilizing normative legal research with a legislative and case-based approach. The findings indicate that when drafting an inheritance certificate for savings disbursement based on a fraudulent death certificate, the Notary must diligently verify the authenticity of the heirs, scrutinize the death certificate, and examine relevant documents such as identity cards, family cards, and the credentials of individuals authorized to sign the inheritance certificate. Additionally, the Notary must corroborate these details with witness statements to ensure accuracy. To address challenges in such cases, it is crucial for the Notary to exercise utmost caution. This diligence helps prevent errors whether intentional or unintentional that could invalidate the authentic deed due to inaccuracies or misrepresentation of facts. Ultimately, the Notary bears responsibility for any inaccuracies in the document they produce.
Comparison of Regulations Concerning Protection of Migrant Workers Between Indonesia and the Philippines
Authors: David Leonardo
Published: January 2025

Many Indonesian citizens decide to become migrant workers abroad due to the lack of opportunities to work in the country. But unfortunately, while working abroad, many Indonesia migrant workers receive inappropriate treatment from their employers, such as being mistreated or having their documents confiscated. Taking into account these conditions, the Indonesia government promulgated Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesia Migrant Workers. This study aims to identify the similarities and differences in the legal policies of the two countries, as well as analyze how these regulations are applied in protecting the rights of migrant workers. This study uses a comparative law method, where Indonesia law will be used as the main reference (primum comparandum), while Philippine law will be used as a comparison (secundum comparatum). The results show that Indonesia has several regulations to protect migrant workers, but they are not yet fully effective, especially compared to the more systematic Philippine law in certain aspects, such as lending and legal aid services for migrant workers. Although Indonesia's laws are more detailed, the regulations are still not comprehensive, so it is necessary to pay attention to the advantages of Philippine law to increase protection for Indonesia's migrant workers in the future.
The Existence of the Corruption Eradication Commission Leadership in Investigations After the Enactment of Law Number 19 of 2019
Authors: Ahmad Sahroni
Published: January 2025

This study aims to show how the existence of the KPK Leadership as investigators after the enactment of Law Number 19 of 2019 and what its implications are. The preparation of this research was carried out using the type of Normative Juridical research with a statute-approach, conceptual approach and case approach. Based on the research conducted, the authority of the KPK Leadership as investigators has been lost since the enactment of Law Number 19 of 2019 and has had an impact on the failure to realize legal certainty in handling corruption cases, especially in the investigation process. By understanding the concept of authority based on the principle of legality, and by comparing the regulation of authority in the KPK Law and the Prosecutor's Law, it can be seen that regulations must be written clearly in accordance with the principle of lex scripta. It is necessary to carry out reconceptualization and written regulations related to the authority of the KPK Leadership. This research is expected to be able to provide insight to the public and can be a reference for everyone to realize legal certainty, justice and benefits, especially in handling corruption cases.
Transfer of Ownership Rights on House Sale With Installment Method (Case Study of Bekasi District Court Decision Number 124/Pdt.G/2020/PN Bks)
Authors: Diva Salsabila Ferdiansyah  , Atik Winanti
Published: January 2025

Land is a vital natural resource for human life, necessitating adequate legal protection regarding land rights. One mechanism for transferring land rights is through the Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement (PPJB), often used in property transactions such as houses or other real estate. However, in practice, legal issues frequently arise regarding buyer protection, particularly in cases of default. This study aims to analyse the acquisition of ownership rights in house sale and purchase transactions, as exemplified by the Bekasi District Court Decision Number 124/Pdt.G/2020/Pn Bks. Using a normative juridical method with statute approach and case approach, this research examines relevant regulations and their application to the transfer of rights in property transactions. The findings reveal that the court's considerations in this case were inconsistent with Article 22L Paragraph (4) of Government Regulation No. 12 of 2021. Therefore, more equitable legal protection is necessary, referring to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD NRI 1945), to ensure optimal protection for all parties involved in property sale and purchase transactions.
Analysis of the Judgment of the Judge in the Settlement of Default Agreement Debts (Case Study Decision Number 515/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Jkt.Sel)
Authors: Shafaa Alaadini Yuan  , Gunawan Djajaputra
Published: January 2025

Analysis of Judges' Considerations in Settling Defaults in Debt Agreement (Case Study of Decision Number 515/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Jkt.Sel) aims to examine how judges assess default cases and reflect relevant civil law principles. This research uses a normative legal method with a statutory approach. The results showed that in the decision, the judge considered the authentic deed of acknowledgment of debt made by the defendant as valid evidence of the agreement between the plaintiff and the defendant. Although the defendant acknowledged the debt, the judge found that the defendant did not fulfill its obligation to pay, which was considered a default. The judge also emphasized the importance of good faith in the execution of the agreement, asserting that the collateral in the form of land certificates provided by the defendant did not change the fact that the obligation had not been fulfilled. Finally, the judge granted the plaintiff's claim, affirming the protection of violated rights and demonstrating a commitment to upholding justice in the legal system. This decision reflects the application of fundamental civil law principles, emphasizing the importance of authentic deeds, the definition of default, and the need to comply with agreed obligations. Through careful analysis of evidence and enforcement of creditors' rights, this decision not only resolves the dispute but also educates the public on civil law, encouraging integrity and compliance in transactions
Analysis of the Judge's Consideration on the Decision of the Central Jakarta District Court Number 157/Pid.B/2024/PN Jkt.Pst In The Case Of Online Concert Ticket Fraud
Authors: Malika Baby Natasha  , R. Rahaditya
Published: January 2025

This study seeks to examine the judicial interpretation underlying the judge's rationale in Central Jakarta District Court Decision Number 157/Pid.B/2024/PN Jkt.Pst, concerning the case of online concert ticket fraud involving defendant Ghisca Debora Aritonang. The main focus of this research is to understand how the judge handed down the verdict and how the verdict interprets the legal provisions regarding fraud in digital transactions. Using a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, the results of the analysis show that the judge's consideration in this decision is very in-depth and comprehensive. The results showed that the judge considered various legal aspects and facts revealed during the trial, ranging from the elements of fraud in accordance with Article 378 of the Criminal Code to malicious intent proven from evidence and witness testimony. In addition, the defendant's mental state and the social impact of the fraudulent act that harmed many people became the focus of the judge's attention. By emphasizing the absence of justification for the defendant's actions, the judge gave a firm decision that is expected to have a deterrent effect on other criminals. The legal interpretation in this decision reflects the application of the principles of justice and accountability in criminal law in Indonesia. It is hoped that there will be increased public education and awareness regarding the risks of online transactions as well as cooperation between law enforcement and concert organizers to facilitate safer transactions
Harmonization of Goods/Services Procurement Arrangements in Villages with the National Legal System: A Study on the Application of Professionalism Principles in Village Procurement
Authors: Hermansyah
Published: January 2025

Harmonizing village procurement regulations with the national legal system is an important need to create professional, transparent, and accountable governance. Procurement of goods and services in villages is regulated through regulations that provide flexibility according to local needs, but are not yet fully integrated with the national system that emphasizes competency standards, supervision, and principles of professionalism. This mismatch creates risks of maladministration, violations of the law, and uncertainty in the implementation of goods and services procurement in the village. This research aims to analyze the regulatory gaps and formulate harmonization measures. This research uses statutory and conceptual approaches to examine relevant legal rules and concepts of professionalism. The results show the need for a master regulation that integrates the procurement of goods and services in the village with the national system. Minimum standards of implementation, such as competency requirements for procurement actors, clearer monitoring mechanisms, and training and certification for village procurement actors, should be implemented to improve professionalism. In addition, the use of procurement agents can be a temporary solution for villages that lack human resources. This harmonization is expected to create legal certainty and efficiency, while supporting equitable village development without losing local flexibility.
Qualidade do ar
Authors: Basso Larissa
Published: January 2025

A atmosfera terrestre é composta majoritariamente por 78% de nitrogênio, 21% de oxigênio e 1% de argônio, com pequenas quantidades de outros gases como o dióxido de carbono e vapor de água. Contudo, atividades humanas, especialmente desde a Revolução Industrial, têm liberado substâncias poluentes, como compostos de nitrogênio, enxofre, monóxido de carbono e metais pesados, alterando a composição do ar e afetando os sistemas biogeoquímicos do planeta. A poluição do ar é uma das principais causas de problemas de saúde e degradação ambiental global. A Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) se preocupa com a qualidade do ar desde os anos 1960, com ações que incluem monitoramento e controle das emissões de poluentes. Em 2021, a OCDE reconheceu o progresso do Brasil no controle da poluição, mas apontou que o país ainda precisa melhorar seus padrões e práticas de monitoramento para se alinhar às melhores práticas internacionais. A qualidade do ar é periodicamente avaliada em relatórios da OCDE, que utilizam indicadores sobre emissões, qualidade do ar e tributação para reduzir a poluição.
Recursos hídricos
Authors: Abbade Eduardo
Published: January 2025

O estresse hídrico, embora em muitos casos seja sazonal ou localizado, pode limitar o desenvolvimento econômico e o bem-estar humano. Desde 2000, a OCDE observou melhorias no tratamento de águas residuais, com mais de um terço dos países tendo mais de 80% de sua população conectada a estações de tratamento de esgoto. No entanto, ainda existem desafios relacionados à modernização da infraestrutura existente e ao atendimento de áreas pequenas e isoladas. O principal desafio em termos de políticas públicas é garantir uma gestão sustentável dos recursos hídricos, assegurando água de qualidade para atividades econômicas, uso humano e ecossistemas, além de enfrentar as ameaças de secas e inundações exacerbadas pelas mudanças climáticas. Isso exige uma abordagem integrada para a gestão da água, com foco na cooperação transfronteiriça e na preservação dos ecossistemas aquáticos. O Brasil, com sua grande disponibilidade de recursos hídricos, tem uma vantagem crucial para a agricultura e o agronegócio, mas precisa adotar práticas de conservação e uso racional da água para equilibrar as demandas econômicas com a preservação ambiental e o acesso à água para a população.
Economia oceânica sustentável
Authors: Mota Catherine Rebouças
Published: January 2025

Os oceanos são recursos globais compartilhados e desempenham um papel vital na economia mundial, mas seu uso muitas vezes não é sustentável, o que preocupa a Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE). A biodiversidade marinha, essencial para a vida tanto no oceano quanto na terra, está ameaçada por poluição, superexploração de recursos e mudanças climáticas, o que afeta negativamente os serviços ecossistêmicos. Para garantir o uso sustentável dos oceanos, a OCDE destaca a necessidade de políticas de conservação, cooperação internacional, descarbonização e adaptação das comunidades costeiras aos riscos climáticos. A organização também enfatiza a importância de monitorar o uso econômico dos oceanos e de adotar indicadores para medir o progresso na sustentabilidade oceânica, alinhados com o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). A OCDE está trabalhando no desenvolvimento de indicadores para a sustentabilidade oceânica, apesar de lacunas nos dados e na medição dos serviços dos ecossistemas marinhos. A análise de dados e a aplicação de políticas públicas eficazes são essenciais para promover a economia oceânica sustentável.
Índice de restrição ao comércio de serviços
Authors: Nonnenberg Marcelo José Braga , Thorstensen Vera , Cechin Alicia , Arima Júnior Mauro Kiithi , Mota Catherine Rebouças , Megale Tiago Matsuoka , Thomazella Fabio Jorge de Toledo , Taverna Matteo
Published: January 2025

A área de serviços tem crescido mundialmente a um ritmo mais acelerado do que a de bens, e o Brasil, em processo de adesão à Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE), será submetido a uma análise detalhada de suas políticas regulatórias de serviços. O Índice de Restrição ao Comércio de Serviços (STRI), criado pela OCDE em 2014 e revisado periodicamente, visa simplificar e avaliar as políticas de comércio internacional de serviços, atribuindo notas a 22 setores de serviços em 50 países. O STRI considera o grau de abertura ou restrição de cada setor, por meio de um sistema composto de indicadores, e analisa a compatibilidade das políticas nacionais com as exigências internacionais. A análise do desempenho do Brasil no STRI e a avaliação de aspectos positivos e negativos desse indicador são essenciais para entender as oportunidades e desafios no processo de liberalização do comércio de serviços.
Apresentação : Indicadores quantitativos da OCDE e o Brasil : economia digital
Authors: Mota Catherine Rebouças , Arima Júnior Mauro Kiithi
Published: January 2025

Esse livro apresenta o processo de adesão do Brasil à Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE), iniciado em janeiro de 2022, com a publicação do roteiro de acessão em junho do mesmo ano. Para se tornar membro, o Brasil precisará ajustar suas políticas e estrutura institucional aos padrões da OCDE, que se baseiam em princípios como liberdade individual, democracia, Estado de direito, mercado aberto e crescimento econômico sustentável.
Política e governança regulatória
Authors: Peci Alketa
Published: January 2025

Nas últimas duas décadas, diversos países da América Latina, especialmente Brasil e México, implementaram reformas regulatórias influenciadas por organismos internacionais como o Banco Mundial e a OCDE. A primeira onda de reformas, nos anos 1990, focou na criação de agências reguladoras independentes (ARIs) em diversos setores, como infraestrutura e finanças. Com o tempo, a agenda regulatória evoluiu, e a partir dos anos 2000, surgiu uma nova abordagem voltada para a melhoria regulatória, que prioriza a gestão integrada do Estado regulatório e a avaliação contínua das regulamentações ao longo de seu ciclo de vida. A OCDE desempenhou papel chave ao incentivar a adoção dessa agenda, que não se limita a setores específicos, mas busca uma melhoria transversal no processo regulatório, focando na elaboração, adoção, revisão e implementação das normas. Em contraste com a reforma regulatória inicial, que introduziu a desestatização e ampliou a participação do setor privado, a reforma de melhoria regulatória visa aprimorar a eficiência das decisões governamentais e garantir um arcabouço regulatório eficaz e coordenado.
Governança de infraestrutura
Authors: Pompermayer Fabiano Mezadre
Published: January 2025

A OCDE utiliza indicadores para comparar seus países-membros e candidatos à adesão, sendo esses dados essenciais para redirecionar políticas e práticas recomendadas. A plataforma OECD.Stat oferece acesso a uma ampla gama de dados sobre diversos temas, incluindo infraestrutura, e serve como base para relatórios técnicos sobre áreas como reforma estrutural, comércio, crescimento inclusivo, governança e infraestrutura. No processo de adesão do Brasil, a OCDE destacou a necessidade de investir em infraestrutura de qualidade de forma transparente e responsável, considerando o baixo desempenho do país em relação a outros, com um estoque de infraestrutura abaixo da média dos países desenvolvidos. A OCDE também enfatiza a importância de uma governança efetiva para garantir a qualidade dos investimentos em infraestrutura, o que foi abordado em um manual sobre infraestrutura e em suas recomendações de governança. O Brasil, embora não tenha participado de uma enquete inicial da OCDE sobre governança de infraestrutura, foi incluído em uma pesquisa similar realizada com o BID em 2022, permitindo a comparação de seus indicadores com os dos membros da organização. A OCDE e o G20 têm desenvolvido princípios para investimentos em infraestrutura de qualidade, os quais são essenciais para o aprimoramento da governança e da implementação de projetos de infraestrutura no Brasil.
The THE EFFECTS OF PERSONALITY, REMUNERATION AND THE WORKPLACE TO WORK OBEDIENCE THROUGH WORK SPIRIT AS AN INTERVENTION STUDY OF INDONESIAN SHARIA BANKS IN DEMAK REGENCY
Authors: Wibowo Aditya Angger
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini menggunakan dua variabel endogen (semangat kerja dan ketaatan kerja) dan tiga variabel eksogen (personalitas, remunerasi, dan tempat kerja) untuk melihat bagaimana personalitas, remunerasi, dan tempat kerja berpengaruh terhadap ketaatan kerja. Data untuk penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui metode kuesioner. Selain itu, metode purposive random sampling digunakan untuk mengumpulkan sampel dari 107 responden. Model Persamaan Struktural, yang dioperasikan oleh program AMOS, digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa personalitas memiliki dampak positif dan signifikansi pada ketaatan kerja di Bank Syariah Indonesia Kabupaten Demak; remunerasi memiliki dampak positif dan signifikansi pada ketaatan kerja di Bank Syariah Indonesia Kabupaten Demak; tempat kerja memiliki dampak positif dan signifikansi pada ketaatan kerja di Bank Syariah Indonesia Kabupaten Demak; dan personalitas memiliki dampak positif dan signifikansi pada semangat kerja di Bank Syariah Indonesia Kabupaten Demak. Semangat kerja belum mempengaruhi ketaatan kerja di Bank Syariah Indonesia Kabupaten Demak. Semangat kerja belum mempengaruhi remunerasi dan tempat kerja pada ketaatan kerja di Bank Syariah Indonesia Kabupaten Demak.
Ekplorasi Hubungan Return On Investment (ROI) dan Price to Book Value (PBV) di PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk.
Authors: Dheri Febiyani Lestari  , Alfin Nur Arifah  , Rizky Ridwan  , Aditia Abdurachman
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk's profitability and the company's financial performance. To this end, financial data from PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk was used to gather quantitative data from the population. Purposive sampling was used to obtain samples from the population, specifically the company's annual financial data for the years 2020–2023, and multiple linear regression was employed as the analysis method, with financial performance serving as the dividend variable and return on investment as the independent variable.The analysis of data using analysis of simple linear regression. According to research findings, corporate financial performance data (PBV) is 0.76, 0.64, 0.63, and 0.57, while profitability data (ROI) for the 2020–2023 period is 0.5, 0.6, 0.5, 0.6. According to the findings of the data analysis, the company's financial performance (PBV) was positively and significantly impacted by profitability (ROI). This demonstrates that PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk may turn a profit over the 2020–2023 timeframe, which will help the business's long-term expansion and viability..
Peran Manajerial Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Kerja Karyawan Pada Kantor Bulog Cabang Langsa
Authors: Prabowo Aji , Astuti Yulina , Tarlis Andi
Published: January 2025

In managing an organization or company, good governance or managerial is needed. Basic knowledge of management needs to be understood and applied well by managers so that it will be very helpful in carrying out their duties in an effort to achieve organizational goals. The study entitled The Role of Managers in Improving the Quality of Employee Work at the Bulog Langsa Branch Office. The objectives of the study are a) to find out how the role of managers is in improving the quality of work of employees of the Bulog Public Company, Langsa Branch Office. b) to find out what efforts are made by managers to improve the quality of work of employees of the Bulog Public Company, Langsa Branch Office. The research methodology is qualitative where the role of the researcher is as a key instrument in collecting data and interpreting data. The results of the study are the implementation of performance management at the Bulog Public Company, Langsa Branch Office, basically using public service performance management that has been implemented by the Bulog Public Company, Jakarta Head Office. However, to carry out the performance of employees of the Bulog Public Company, Langsa Branch Office, it is necessary to implement work planning, division of work into sub-sections, and strategies used by the Bulog Public Company, Langsa Branch Office in an effort to achieve employee performance.
Dana Non-Halal pada Bank Umum Syariah: Telaah Berbagai Sudut Pandang
Authors: Dewi Liana , Rohman Pupun Saepul , Firmansyah Atep , Khaer Rijalul , Dewi Fertika Puspita
Published: January 2025

The dualism of the banking system in Indonesia led to the formation of conventional banks and sharia banks. Historically, banks with conventional systems have been around longer than sharia banks. This opens up the possibility of transactions between conventional banks and Islamic banks. Interest income is often obtained by Islamic banks from transactions with conventional banks. Islamic banks recognize interest income from conventional banks into non-halal funds so that special treatment is required in their allocation in accordance with Islamic law. There are several differences of opinion regarding the allocation of non-halal funds by Islamic banks in various related research results. This research aims to gain an understanding regarding the allocation of non-halal funds based on various points of view from research results. The method used in this research is Literature Review. The source article used is a scientific article that discusses the handling of non-halal funds and was published from 2010 to 2024. The research results show that the allocation of non-halal funds practiced by banks and sharia financial institutions is currently in accordance with Islamic law, but a small portion still gives the opposite result.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Loyalitas Karyawan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada CV. Archipelago Exports Cirebon
Authors: Muangsal  , Suharti Lilis , Rizky Dwi Ambar
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine: 1) Does job satisfaction have a significant positive effect on employee performance at CV. Archipelago Exports Cirebon 2) Does employee loyalty have a significant positive effect on employee performance at CV. Archipelago Exports Cirebon 3) Do job satisfaction and employee loyalty have a positive and significant effect on employee performance at CV. Archipelago Exports Cirebon. This study is a causal associative study, namely a study that connects two or more variables. The sample or respondents in this study were employees of CV. Archipelago Exports Cirebon totaling 115 employees with the sampling technique in this study being the probability sampling technique. The sample calculation uses the Slovin formula with a sample of 115 employees and an error level of 0.01, so the sample in this study is 53 employees. Data collection using a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis. He results of the t-test show that job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. he results of the t-test show that employee loyalty has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The results of the F test show that the variables of job satisfaction and employee loyalty have a significant and simultaneous influence on employee performance.
Potential Interior Structures and Habitability of Super-Earth Exoplanets LHS 1140 b, K2-18 b, TOI-1452 b, and TOI-1468 c
Authors: Daspute Mangesh , Wandel Amri , Kopparapu Ravi Kumar , Perdelwitz Volker , Teklu Jerusalem Tamirat , Tal-Or Lev
Published: January 2025

We analyze four super-Earth exoplanets, LHS 1140 b, K2-18 b, TOI-1452 b, and TOI-1468 c, which orbit M dwarf stars in the habitable zone. Their relative proximity, within 40 pc, makes them prime candidates for follow-up observations and atmospheric and habitability studies. This paper aims to assess their internal structure and habitability, considering their tidal heating, atmospheric heating, and global transport. We model the interior structure of the planets by applying Bayesian inference to an exoplanet's interior model. A model with constant quality factor is used to calculate the range of tidal heating, and a one-dimensional analytical model of tidally locked planets is used to assess their surface temperature distribution and habitability. Assuming no or only thin atmospheres, K2-18 b and TOI-1468 c are likely to be water worlds. However, TOI-1452 b and LHS 1140 b may have rocky surfaces. We find that tidal heating is not enough to raise the global mean surface temperature, but greenhouse heating can effectively do so. If the considered planets have retained thick atmospheres, K2-18 b, TOI-1468 c, and TOI-1452 b may, for significant atmospheric heating and heat transport factors, be too hot to sustain liquid water on their surfaces. However, the lower instellation of LHS 1140 b and the nonzero probability of it having a rocky surface give more space for habitable conditions on the planet.