bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bridging Gaps: A Study on the Satisfaction Levels in Modular Distance Learning
Authors: Berin Mark Anthony
Published: June 2024

The Philippine Department of Education adapted to pandemic circumstances by implementing various learning modalities, including Modular Distance Learning, where Self-Learning Modules serve as the primary instructional medium. As the traditional school setting undergoes a paradigm shift, parents play a crucial role as educational partners with teachers. Despite their vital role, there's a research gap in parent satisfaction with modular learning, particularly in the Indian context. This study aimed to assess parent and student satisfaction with modular distance learning, using a quantitative, descriptive research design. The study included 150 parents and 150 pupils randomly selected from grades 4-6. Findings revealed a significant difference in satisfaction levels between parents and students across areas such as learning experience, teacher assistance, module quality, school support, and overall learning quality. Parents expressed low satisfaction with the learning experience, average satisfaction with the teacher's assistance and learning quality, and high satisfaction with module quality and school support. Recommendations underscore the need for school administrators to implement enhancement programs and revisit curricula to boost satisfaction levels. This study sheds light on the evolving dynamics of education during challenging times and emphasizes the importance of collaboration between parents and schools in ensuring effective learning experiences.
Digital Literacy of Elementary Teachers and its Relation to Performing their Various School Roles Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Pizarro Marlon , Caballes Dennis , Vianzon Jerwin
Published: June 2024

Amidst the lengthy suspension of in-person classes brought by the unprecedented pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), widespread adoption of digital technology in education has become critical. However, there is a growing global worry about teachers' digital literacy. The purpose of this study, which was done in four core schools in Bataan's second congressional district, Philippines, is to investigate public elementary school teachers' digital literacy and its impact on the various duties and responsibilities they take on. The study included 225 teachers, four ICT coordinators, and four school leaders from the identified central schools. There were significant disparities in the assessment of digital literacy and performance among the three groups of respondents (teachers, ICT coordinators, and school principals). Furthermore, while there was no significant association established between teachers' characteristics (including age and sex) and their digital literacy, a substantial relationship was discovered between teachers' digital literacy and their overall performance. This study provides useful insights into the landscape of digital literacy among elementary teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, with implications for educational policies, professional development, and the efficient integration of digital tools in many school roles.
Directional differentiability of the metric projection in Bochner spaces
Authors: LI JINLU
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we consider the G\^ateaux directional differentiability of metric projection operator and its properties in uniformly convex and uniformly smooth Bochner space $L_{p}(S ; X)$, in which $(S, \mathcal{A}, \mu)$ is a positive measure space and $X$ is a uniformly convex and uniformly smooth Banach space. Let (arbitrary) $A \in \mathcal{A}$ with $\mu(A)>0$ and define a subspace $L_{p}(A ; X)$ of $L_{p}(S ; X)$, which is considered as a closed and convex subset of $L_{p}(S ; X)$. We first study the properties of the normalized duality mapping in $L_{p}(S ; X)$ and in $L_{p}(A ; X)$. For any $c \in L_{p}(A ; X)$ and $r>0$, we define a closed ball $B_{A}(c ; r)$ in $L_{p}(A ; X)$ and a cylinder $C_{A}(c ; r)$ in $L_{p}(S ; X)$ with base $B_{A}(c ; r)$. Then, we investigate some optimal properties of the corresponding metric projections $P_{L_{p}(A ; X)}, P_{B_{A}(c ; r)}$ and $P_{C_{A}(c ; r)}$ that include the inverse images, the G\^ateaux directional differentiability and the precise solutions of their G\^ateaux directional derivatives.
Analysis of relaxed inertial method for non-convex mixed variational inequalities
Authors: OKEKE CHIBUEZE CHRISTIAN
Published: June 2024

This paper extends inertial forward-backward-forward splitting method already studied by several authors for solving convex variational inequalities to solving non-convex mixed variational inequalities and obtain appropriate convergence results under some conditions. Next, we propose another inertial forward-backward-forward splitting method for which the inertial factor θ is chosen in [0, 1] with θ = 1 possible. As far as we know, the choice θ = 1 has not been considered before in the literature for inertial forward-backward-forward splitting method for solving non-convex mixed variational inequalities. Numerical illustrations are given to confirm the theoretical analysis.
Viscosity approximation method for attractive points of widely more generalized hybrid mappings
Authors: HARBAU MURTALA HARUNA , UGWUNNADI GODWIN CHIDI , AHMAD MALIK
Published: June 2024

In this paper, attractive point problem involving widely more generalized hybrid mappings is studied. Using viscosity approximation method, we establish strong convergence theorem for attractive points of finite families of widely more generalized hybrid mappings which is also a solutions of some variational inequality problems in a real Hilbert space. Our results improve and extend some recent results in the literature.
Approximation of fixed points of S−generalized asymptotically nonexpansive mappings
Authors: OKEKE MMADUABUCHI P. , OFOJEBE ADAEZE N. , OKOYEH STANLEY C. , IBEH KINGSLEY O. , OFOEDU ERIC U.
Published: June 2024

In this paper, a new class of mapping that unifies various classes of mappings associated with the class of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings is introduced. In addition, an iterative technique for approximation of fixed points of this class of mappings is introduced and studied in the setting of uniformly convex real Banach space. Moreover, Demiclosedness principle for the class of mapping under study is proved; in addition, weak and strong convergence theorems are obtained. The theorems obtained augment, generalize, improve and unify several results that are recently announced. The method of proof used is of independent interest.
URGENSI BUDAYA SINTUWU MAROSO SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DAN BUDI PEKERTI (STUDI MULTISITUS DI SMA NEGERI 1, 2, 3 DAN 4 KABUPATEN POSO)
Authors: Makmur Makmur , Ismail Ibrahim , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: June 2024

Sintuwu Maroso sebagai local wisdom masyarakat Poso telah membudaya dan diyakini dapat menjadi salah satu solusi dalam memperoleh perdamaian sejati dan memperkecil kemungkinan akan terjadinya konflik kembali karena masyarakat Poso turut berpartisipasi demi terwujudnya perdamaian. Nilai nilai yang lahir dari Sintuwu Maroso telah menjadi jaminan hidup sebagai komunitas dan menjadi warisan turun-temurun yang mengandung makna optimistik untuk menjadi perekat terbangunnya hidup bersama dalam perdamaian. Selain itu, nilai-nilai dalam Sintuwu Maroso adalah nilai kerja sama, menghormati, kebersamaan, musyawarah, empati, peduli, dan persatuan. Nilai-nilai tersebut merupakan bukti bahwa kearifan lokal Sintuwu Maroso mampu menciptakan perdamaian berkelanjutan, tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengungkap nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam dalam budaya Sintuwu Maroso, jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Field Research, lokus penelitian ini adalah Kabupaten Poso, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah  Reduksi data, Penyajian data serta Penarikan kesimpulan, hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat tujuh nilai pendidikan dalam budaya Sintuwu Maroso, yaitu : Tuwu Mombetubunuka (hidup saling menghargai), Tuwu Mombepatuwu (saling menghidupi), Tuwu Siwagi (hidup saling menopang), Tuwu Simpande Raya (saling mengerti), Tuwu Sintuwu Raya (hidup dalam kesatuan), Tuwu Mombepomawo (saling mengasihi) dan Tuwu Molinuwu (hidup yang subur), pembahasan, keseluruhan nilai pendidikan dalam budaya Sintuwu Maroso termaktub dalam al-Qur’an dan hadis sebagai landasan utama pendidikan islam yang disebut Fadhail al-A’mal dalam bidang ibadah dan Fadhail al-A’mal dalam bidang mu’amalah. Kesimpulan, bahwa budaya Sintuwu Maroso merupakan Islamic Culture Education serta investasi pendidikan multikulural.
TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGI TENTANG KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Saharuddin Saharuddin , Suhardi Siti Khadija
Published: June 2024

Tinjauan sosiologi tentang kurikulum pendidikan Islam menggali dinamika kompleks antara pendidikan, masyarakat, dan kekuasaan dalam konteks agama Islam. Kurikulum pendidikan Islam tidak hanya mencerminkan nilai-nilai keagamaan, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor sosial, budaya, dan politik dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi Pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan mengambil data primer dan sekunder dari berbagai karya ilmiah dan jurnal yang relevan dengan tinjauan sosiologi tentang kurikulum Pendidikan Islam. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini memberikan hasil, Pertama, kurikulum pendidikan Islam tercermin dari pengaruh masyarakat dan budaya. Nilai-nilai lokal, tradisi, dan tuntutan sosial memainkan peran penting dalam pembentukan isi kurikulum. Namun, pengaruh ini juga dapat memunculkan pertanyaan tentang inklusi dan eksklusi terhadap berbagai kelompok dalam masyarakat. Kedua, sosiologi menyoroti pembentukan identitas melalui kurikulum pendidikan Islam. Isi kurikulum dapat memperkuat atau meragukan identitas keagamaan siswa dan kelompok mereka dalam masyarakat. Identitas ini tidak hanya terbentuk oleh apa yang diajarkan, tetapi juga oleh bagaimana materi diajarkan dan diinterpretasikan. Terakhir, tinjauan sosiologi juga memperhatikan resistensi terhadap kurikulum pendidikan Islam dan upaya perubahan sosial. Perubahan sosial, seperti perkembangan teknologi dan globalisasi, mempengaruhi evolusi kurikulum, sementara resistensi muncul sebagai respons terhadap dinamika kekuasaan dan nilai-nilai yang diperjuangkan dalam kurikulum.
Evaluation of the Changes in Condylion-Gonion-Menton Angle and Dentoalveolar Heights After Treatment of Skeletal Class II Division I Malocclusions with Removable Functional Appliances
Authors: Çiçek Orhan , Erener Hande , Ünal Yusuf Enes
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Condylion-Gonion-Menton (CoGoMe) angle and dentoalveolar heights are important parameters that provide information about maxillomandibular growth and development. This study aimed to examine the changes in the CoGoMe angle and dentoalveolar heights after functional treatment and to analyze whether they are related to each other.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients, 38 females (mean age 11.7 ± 0.6) and 22 males (mean age 12.6 ± 0.5), with skeletal class II division I malocclusion caused by mandibular retrognathia in the peak period were included. Linear measurements of skeletal angular and dentoalveolar heights were made on lateral cephalograms taken pre- (T0) and post-functional treatment (T1). Paired sample t test, Wilcoxon test and Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient were used for statistical analyses. Statistical significance was accepted as p
Infiltration of Illusory Ideas About Slavic Paganism into Modern Russian Scientific and Official Business Discourses: Sociocultural Risks
Authors: Beskov Andrey Anatol'evich
Published: June 2024

This paper serves as a logical continuation of the article "Fake Science and Simulacra of Culture: Illusory Ideas about Slavic Paganism in Modern Russian Humanities", published in the journal "Voprosy Filosofii" in 2022. This paper was about the mechanism of the origin of illusory ideas about Slavic paganism and the reasons for their intrusion into scientific publications. Here we analyze the socio-cultural consequences that the functioning of this mechanism eventually leads to. The object of study in this article is the modern scientific and parascientific ideas of Russians about the paganism of the ancient Slavs, and the subject of study is the infiltration of parascientific opinions about the ancient Slavs’ paganism in scientific and official business discourses in modern Russia. The methodological basis of the research work is a case study. The methodological arsenal includes also the hermeneutic analysis of a number of texts published in Russian scientific periodicals and serving as material for the author's reflection. In the course of the study, it was revealed that illusory ideas about Slavic paganism very easily infiltrate into various publications presented both in proceedings of the scientific conferences and in scientific journals. As a result, various parascientific (in particular, neo-pagan) constructs gain weight due to their transmission in scientific periodicals. The infiltration of simulacra of traditional culture into scientific discourse leads to the fact that representatives of the scientific community, performing various expert functions, become guides of these simulacra into official business discourse. Given the state's policy of preserving and developing traditional values, it can be expected that under the guise of preserving various folk traditions, modern parascientific constructs that actually have nothing to do with genuine historical and cultural heritage can receive support.
Composition and status of avian diversity in the Mandothi wetland habitat of Jhajjar, Haryana, India
Authors: Chhikara Manju , Kamboj Harkrishan , Kumar Parveen , Malik Vinay
Published: June 2024

This study was carried out from October 2021 to May 2023 to explore the diversity, feeding guild, and threat status of avian fauna in the Mandothi Wetlands, Haryana, India. A total of 133 bird species were documented belonging to 94 genera of 42 families in 18 orders. Among them, 86 species were residents, 40 species were winter visitors, 6 species were summer visitors, and 1 species was passage visitor. Based on feeding guilds, omnivorous birds were dominant 42 (31.6%), followed by carnivorous 39 (29.3%) and insectivorous 33 (24.8%) bird species. In addition, the wetlands provided habitat to one endangered species (Steppe Eagle, Aquila nipalensis), one vulnerable species (Sarus Crane, Grus antigone), and six near-threatened species. A rich number of avian species with diverse feeding guilds as well as endangered, vulnerable, and threatened bird species confirmed that Mandothi wetlands are suitable habitats for both migratory and residential birds and emphasize the need for its conservation. The findings of this study will raise awareness among the public and state governments regarding the importance of Mandothi Wetlands in preparing conservation strategies for its avian fauna.
Curriculum Assessment on Navigation 1 among Students, Instructors and Administrators
Authors: Bringas Rey David , Felias Victor , Arellano Jhon Paul , Ebarle Cm Maximino , Mamogay Reen David Karll , Nisperos Nikko James , Puebla Jee Mark , Remitar Rey
Published: June 2024

The Curriculum Assessment on Navigation 1 at the Merchant Marine Academy of Caraga Inc. is crucial for ensuring the competence and safety of future mariners. This quantitative research involves maritime students in their 2nd and 3rd years, instructors, and administrators as respondents. The study aims to evaluate the Navigation 1 curriculum, focusing on students' study habits, academic performance, teachers' profiles, instructional delivery modalities, and perceptions of the curriculum by students, administrators, and instructors. Data collection includes questionnaires and statistical analyses like frequency distribution, weighted mean, and chi-square tests. Initial findings indicate a high level of agreement and positive perceptions across various aspects of the curriculum, with an overall weighted mean of 3.72. The study suggests that the Navigation 1 curriculum effectively meets its objectives. Future research should assess the long-term effectiveness of the curriculum by tracking graduates' performance, gathering industry feedback, and integrating new technologies to enhance student preparation for real-world navigation challenges.
Assessment of Heavy Metal on Nasipit Port
Authors: Tamayo Frank Kinneth , Bahian Arnel , Agsoy Dexter , Amparo Dexter , Felias  Angelo , Rele Daniel Louis , Tima Genesis
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to assess the presence of heavy metals, specifically Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Magnesium (Mg), Nickel (Ni), and Silver (Ag), in Nasipit Port, Nasipit, Agusan Del Norte, Philippines. The study measured and quantified the concentrations of these heavy metals in various environmental compartments within and around the port area, including water and sediment samples. This study employed an experimental research design to investigate the presence of heavy metals in Nasipit Port. The research utilized DOST's laboratory equipment and did not involve human respondents. The sampling method involved measuring the distance from the ship to collect water and sediment samples. The study ensured informed consent, voluntary participation, and privacy protection for the participants. The results showed that Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Nickel were not detected, while Magnesium and Silver exceeded the standard limits set by the DENR. The study found no significant difference in heavy metal contamination between areas with and without ships, indicating that the port is still classified as safe for ecological risk assessment. The recommendations emphasize the importance of community engagement, continuous monitoring, and public awareness to protect the marine ecosystem and public health. Finally, future researchers are encouraged to expand the study to include other heavy metals and investigate their bioaccumulation in fish and other marine organisms.
İlkokul Birinci Sınıf Hayat Bilgisi ve Türkçe Dersi Kazanımlarının Bütünleştirilmiş Eğitim Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Demir Fehmi
Published: June 2024

İlkokul döneminde çocuk dünyayı bir bütün olarak algılamaktadır. Bu dönemde, derslerin bağımsız birimler şeklinde değil bir bütün olarak ele alınmasının öğrencinin gelişimine daha uygun olduğu belirtilmektedir. Ancak, güncel öğretim programlarında dersler bağımsız bölümler şeklinde hazırlanmıştır. İlkokul düzeyinde öğretim programlarının bu bütünlük ilkesine göre hazırlanmasının öğrencinin öğrenmesine daha fazla katkıda bulunması beklenmektedir. Bu çerçevede araştırma, bütünleştirilmiş eğitim açısından birinci sınıf hayat bilgisi ile Türkçe derslerinin kazanımlarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması olarak tasarlanan çalışmanın verileri ilkokul birinci sınıf hayat bilgisi ve Türkçe dersi programlarından elde edilmiştir. Betimsel analiz ile çözümlenen veriler altı başlık altında sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, 53 hayat bilgisi ve 47 Türkçe dersi kazanımından 39 tanesinin birbiriyle ilişkilendirilebileceği ve bütünsel olarak işlenebileceği belirlenmiştir. Bu ilişkilendirmeye göre, hayat bilgisi ve Türkçe derslerini en az 39 en fazla 106 ders saatinde bütünsel olarak işlemek mümkündür. Diğer yandan, Türkçe dersi kazanımlarının birden fazla hayat bilgisi dersi kazanımı ile ilişkilendirilmesi durumunda bütünsel ders sayısı da artırılabilmektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre, ilkokul birinci sınıfta hayat bilgisi ve Türkçe derslerinin bir kısmı bütünsel olarak işlenebilir. Özellikle birinci sınıf düzeyinde, farklı ders kazanımlarının birbiriyle ilişkilendirildiği bütünsel programlar hazırlanabilir. Öğretmenlere bu programla ilgili olarak hizmet içi eğitim verilmesi ve öğretmen adaylarının da buna göre yetiştirilmesi durumunda programın daha da verimli olması beklenmektedir.
Impact of Malaria on Lifestyle and Agricultural Practices among Rice Farmers in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Oladoyinbo Oluseun Babatunde
Published: June 2024

Malaria is a major issue in the tropics, causing lost work hours, reduced production quality, decreased income, and even death. This study explored how malaria impacts the lifestyle and farming activities of rice farmers in Southwest Nigeria. Data were collected from 277 rice farmers through structured interviews and focus group discussions, focusing on socioeconomic characteristics, malaria incidence frequency, treatment methods, vector control practices, lifestyle changes due to malaria, and perceived effects on farming activities.
Analyses included Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), Chi-square analysis, Analysis of Variance, and Linear and Logistic regression. Findings revealed that 59.93% of farmers were male, 87.00% were married, and 33.50% had secondary education. The average age was 48, with an annual income of N557,813. About 40.07% reported monthly malaria incidents, and 71.12% used patent medicine stores for treatment. Many farmers (62.82%) killed mosquitoes manually, and 73.65% said malaria delayed rice processing. Most identified mosquito bites (92.42%), work stress (90.25%), and socioeconomic status (89.89%) as predisposing factors. Lifestyle changes due to malaria included skipping meals (85.92%) and self-medication (81.95%).
Significant relationships were found between age and lifestyle changes (PPMC, p<0.05). Chi-square analysis showed significant associations between sex, marital status, education level, and rice cultivation type with lifestyle changes due to malaria. Linear regression indicated that marital status, household size, income, and farm size significantly affected perceived malaria impacts on farming activities. Logistic regression revealed a significant relationship between lifestyle changes and malaria carrier status. The study concluded that malaria significantly influences the lifestyle of rice farmers, recommending campaigns to discourage self-medication through media, healthcare personnel, and extension officers.
Expectations and Problems of Rural Youth to become Agri-entrepreneur
Authors: Tekale VS , Datir Preeti R , Gomase AS , Parshuramkar Shubhangi G
Published: June 2024

The present study was conducted in Chandrapur and Gadchiroli districts of Eastern Vidarbha Zone of Maharashtra. An exploratory research design of social research was used for investigation. A sample of 120 rural youth were selected by covering 20 villages from two districts on the basis of higher population of rural youth. The two objectives were studied, to study the expectations of rural youth towards agri-entrepreneurship and problems of rural youth to become agri-entrepreneur. Majority of the respondents had expectation to earn more money (95.00%), provide technical knowledge and skill oriented training program about agri-enterprises (84.16%), to gain social status through agri entrepreneurship (77.50%), provide market place to sell agri product (70.83%), government should provide credit/ loan facilities to start agri-enterprises (65.83%) and receive the higher prices to their agri products (70.83%), respectively.  The overall 45.00 per cent of respondents had high level of expectations about agri-entrepreneurship. Majority of the respondents were reported problems, lack of proper training and guidance (93.33%), lack of experience in agri-enterprises (90.00%), lack of support from government and other organizational policies, rules and regulations (85.00%), fear about starting of new enterprises (82.50%) and financial/ capital problem (78.33%), respectively.
Reading Motivation and Reading Comprehension of Senior High School Learners: A Descriptive-Correlational Approach
Authors: Guia Jether V. , Juliane Shaira Mae C. , Canoy Fe T.
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine the relationship between reading motivation and reading comprehension among learners from one of the secondary schools in Malita, Davao Occidental. This quantitative study utilizes a descriptive-correlational design to describe the relationship between reading motivation and reading comprehension. The study's respondents are the 251 senior high school learners enrolled in the school year 2022-2023. According to the findings of this study, all domains of reading motivation, particularly grade-compliance, social, and curiosity, are described as highly motivated. Meanwhile, involvement, recognition, and efficacy are described as "Motivated." Competition and work avoidance are described as "Moderately motivated." This indicates that the respondents' overall level of reading motivation is "motivated," meaning they have less interest in reading. Furthermore, the overall reading comprehension level is interpreted as moderate, implying that the learners understand the text and can respond accurately to some questions based on the text. In conclusion, learners' reading motivation has no significant correlation to reading comprehension.  As a result, it is recommended that further studies focusing on other factors that impact the learners' reading comprehension be conducted.
Explicit Quasi-Rational Solutions and Parameter-Dependent Patterns for the Fifth Equation of the NLS Hierarchy
Authors: Gaillard Pierre
Published: June 2024

This study is part of a research program of rational solutions of the hierarchy of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation.Here, we are interested in the equation of order 5 and we construct explicitly the first orders of rogue waves which were not yet found.In particular, quasi rational solutions to the fifth equation of the NLS hierarchy are constructed. We give explicit expressions of these solutions for the first orders depending on multi-parameters. We study the patterns of these solutions in the (x, t) plane according to the different values of the parameters.
Sonographic Evaluation of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Iron Status of Regular and First-Time Blood Donors in a Tertiary Hospital in South-West Nigeria
Authors: O. F. Okeke , A. A. O. Adeyomoye , A. S. Akanmu , O. C. Nwanna-Otolehi , G. Iyizoba
Published: June 2024

Background:  Regular blood donation which decreases blood iron levels may protect against cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This protection against atherosclerosis can be assessed by Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) a biomarker for atherosclerosis. This study sought to determine and compare the mean and maximum CIMT, the serum level of iron and plaque prevalence among regular and first-time blood donors in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos.  
Methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study involving 214 randomly-selected blood donors (107 regular and first-time blood donors each). Using a structured proforma, sociodemographic, anthropometric, radiological and laboratory data were collected from blood donors in the two groups. high frequency linear probe was used to assess CIMT, and presence of plaque in both extra-cranial carotid arteries. CIMT was the distance between the intima–blood interface and the adventitia–media junction and iron study included serum total iron, ferritin, transferrin and total iron binding capacity. Comparison between the study groups was done by Chi-square test and Student t-test/Mann-Whitney U-test for categorical and continuous variables respectively. Level of significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: The mean and maximum CIMT of both carotid arteries in regular blood donors (mean right CIMT-0.49+/-0.11mm, maximum right CIMT-0.58+/-0.14mm, mean left CIMT-0.51+/-0.16mm, maximum left CIMT-0.60+/-0.27mm) were significantly(p<0.05) lower than those of the first-time blood donors(Mean right CIMT-0.79+/-0.17mm, maximum right CIMT-0.93+/-0.25mm, mean left CIMT-0.83+/-0.31mm, maximum left CIMT-0.96+/-0.27mm). Median serum iron(10.5µmol/L; IQR:8.8-13.5µmol/L), ferritin(30.50µg/ml; IQR:16.2-600µg/ml)  and transferrin(2.1g/L;IQR:0.9-2.3g/L)  in regular blood donors were significantly lower(p<0.05) than serum iron (16.1µmol/L; IQR:13.7-18.6µmol/L), ferritin(158.0µg/ml; IQR:115-365.2µg/ml) and transferrin(2.3g/L; IQR:2.1-2.4g/L) in first-time donors. Plaque prevalence was significantly higher (ꭓ2=5.81; p – 0.016) in first-time (11.2%) than regular (2.8%) donors.
Conclusion: Regular blood donation significantly lower CIMT values, and iron parameters. Regular blood donation may offer protection against atherosclerosis.
Efficacy and Economics of New Insecticides and Botanicals for Jassid Control in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata, L. Wilczek)
Authors: Singh Pooja , Kumar Rajnish , Mishra Shailendra Kumar , Pandey Shreya , Tiwari Brajrajsharan , Pandey Rishi Nath
Published: June 2024

Backround: The present investigation was undertaken during the kharif 2021 season at the experimental farm of B.R.D.P.G. College, Deoria, UP to assess the efficacy of six insecticidal treatments against jassid populations and pod damage incidence. Pusa Vishal variety mung bean seeds were sown with a spacing of 30×15 cm in plots measuring 5 m in length and 3 m in width. Each block, replicated three times, had an interplot distance of 1.5 m.
Aims: The study evaluated the effectiveness of new insecticide molecules and botanicals on jassid infestation and pod damage in mung beans. Six insecticidal treatments were tested for their impact on jassid populations and their economics.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design (RBD)
Place and Duration of Study: Experimental research field of the Department of Entomology, B R D P G College Deoria during Kharif season 2021.
Results and Conclusion: Results indicated that all insecticidal treatments were significantly superior to the control. Acetamiprid 20 SP showed the highest efficacy against jassid populations, followed by betacyfluthrin + imidacloprid, imidacloprid, chlorantraniliprole, neem gold (2%), and neem oil (3%), enhancing crop yield. The highest cost-benefit ratio was recorded with Acetamiprid 20 SP (1:14.47), followed by imidacloprid 17.8 SL (1:5.36) and betacyfluthrin + imidacloprid (1:3.68). The cost of protection and yield is proportional to the benefits achieved.
Genuine Brief Overview: Brain Tumours and their Related Evaluation and Curative Possibilities
Authors: Srivastav Yash , Alam Afroj , Srivastav Aditya , Ahmad Mohd. Imtiyaz
Published: June 2024

A brain tumour may start somewhere else and go to the brain or originate in the brain cells (as demonstrated). Signs and symptoms including headaches, nausea, and balance issues are brought on by the tumour's growth, which puts pressure on adjacent brain tissue and alters its function. They may originate in the brain itself or adjacent tissue. Meninges, the brain's membranes, may be among the nearby tissue. Additionally, brain tumours can develop in the pituitary, pineal, and nerves. Brain tumours develop when DNA alterations occur in the brain or nearby brain cells. Tumours often develop when cells in the body divide and expand uncontrollably. The body normally regulates the division and development of cells. Older cells are replaced by new ones or given new roles by the creation of new cells. Damaged or unnecessary cells die to create room for healthy ones. In India, the frequency of central nervous system (CNS) tumours is between 5 and 10 per 100,000 people, and it is on the rise, making up 2% of all cancers. 2019 data on the incidence and death of brain cancer. 2019 saw 347,992 new instances of brain cancer reported globally; 187,491 (54%) males and 160,501 (46%) females received the diagnosis. We review the aetiology, prevalence, possible therapies, and present state of brain tumours in this study.
Soil Test Crop Response Based Fertilizer Prescriptions for Achieving Target Yields of Linseed in Varanasi, India
Authors: Sharma Shalini , Singh Y.V. , Kundu Arnab
Published: June 2024

Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) study was conducted at farmer’s field of Varanasi during 2017-2018 by following the inductive cum target yield model to get the fertilizer prescription equations for NPK fertilizer recommendation for linseed, with and without farmyard manure (FYM) under integrated plant nutrient management (IPNM) system. It was noticed that 3.68, 1.15 and 3.84 kg of N, P and K, respectively were required for producing one quintal of linseed grain. The percentage contribution of nutrients from soil, FYM were 10.31, 47.00 and 8.82 for N, 52.66, 45.06 and 5.59 for P, and 14.74, 115.18 and 12.27 for K, respectively. Further, Ready reckoner of fertilizer doses at varying soil test values for different targeted yield (15, 18 and 21 q ha-1) were also developed. Adoption of STCR-IPNM system saved up to 15.5% N, 47.1% P2O5 and 27.6% K2O fertilizer, when applied in combination with 10t ha-1 FYM. Multiple linear regression model identified ‘+ - -’ response type for P and K, and quantified their critical soil test values (24.8 kg ha-1 and 279.9 kg ha-1, respectively). Good agreements between measured and predicted post-harvest soil test (N, P and K) values were observed while calibrating the model. Thus, this STCR approach could be adopted for making site-specific NPK recommendations for experimental site or regions with similar soil and agro-climatic conditions to achieve targeted yield of linseed crop.
Estimating the Inheritance Patterns of Peduncle length and Spike length in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.)
Authors: Joshi Sivendra , Kumar Anil , Chaudhary Divya , Bhatt Babita , Jaiswal J. P. , Bisht Charu , Pant Usha , Banshidhar  , Prasad Himanshu , Tripathi Tripti
Published: June 2024

Estimating the inheritance pattern of peduncle length and spike length in bread wheat is crucial for advancing research in wheat genetics and breeding. To understand this pattern an experiment was conducted using six generations of 4 crosses. This study investigated genetic parameters affecting peduncle and spike length in bread wheat across four families (A, B, C and D) using generation mean analysis. For peduncle length, the additive-dominance model was suitable for Family A, indicating significant dominance effects, while higher-order interactions were present in Families B, C, and D with dominance × dominance and additive × additive effects playing major roles. For spike length, digenic interaction models were appropriate for all families, highlighting significant dominance and dominance × dominance effects. Families A, B, and C showed prevalent duplicate epistasis, suggesting potential transgressive segregants. The findings suggest both additive and non-additive gene actions are crucial, indicating early and later generation selection strategies could be effective in improving these traits. Understanding the genetic variability and underlying genetic architecture of these traits can enhance wheat yield and quality, making them ideal targets for breeding programs aimed at improving productivity.
Growth and Variability in Major Fruit Spice Cultivation and Export from India
Authors: Chaturvedi Poonam , Vani G.K. , Rajput Ankita , Rathore Veena
Published: June 2024

Spices export constitutes an important share in the agricultural export of India, standing at number one position for the export of several spices including chillies, cardamom cumin etc. In the same context an analysis was carried out in the present study to analyse the growth rate of area, production, yield as well as the export quantity and value of spices from India during the period between 2018 to 2022. The analytical tools used for the study included average annual growth rate and coefficient of variation. The findings revealed that among the considered fruit spices pepper had the highest area under cultivation while Chillies had the highest production. The growth rate analysis revealed that chillies had the highest growth in area, while small cardamom had the highest growth rate in production and yield over the last five years. Small cardamom also exhibited the highest growth in both export quantity and value, though its exports also showed the highest instability.
An Economic Analysis of Production of Button Mushroom in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Koundal Ritika , Kumar Sanjay
Published: June 2024

The present study was carried out to find the cost of cultivation, various cost concepts, and the benefit-cost ratio in the Solan district of Himachal Pradesh. Here, farmers of different categories were selected based on the production of button mushrooms: small farmers with a production of 1 quintal of mushrooms, medium farmers with a production of 1–3 quintals of mushrooms, and large farmers with a production of 3 quintals of mushrooms. The research was undertaken in the Solan block of Solan district, which was selected purposefully because it has the largest number of mushroom growers in the state. Solan District has the highest number of mushroom producers in the state. 73 respondents were selected purposefully from 4 panchayats in the Solan block. The cost of cultivation of mushrooms per 100 square feet was maximum for small farmers at Rs. 3179.20, medium farmers at Rs. 2735.13, and large farmers at Rs. 2666.02. The cost concepts for various farm lots per 100 square feet for Cost A1 were Rs. 2288.55 for a small lot, Rs. 2046.37 for a medium lot, and Rs. 1985.69 for a large lot. Cost A2 was similar to Cost A1 because farmers were not taking the land from the government for cultivation, so there was no rent paid to government land. Cost A2 was highest in the small category (Rs. 2359.2), followed by the medium category (Rs. 2115.13) and the large category (Rs. 2046.46). Cost C was greater in the case of small growers, which was Rs. 3159.2, followed by medium growers at Rs. 2715.13, and large growers were incurring the minimum cost, which was Rs. 2646.46. The benefit-cost ratio was paramount in large category 1:2.9; after that, it was medium category 1:2.7; and the rest was in small category 1:2.1. The maximum total yield was in large farm lots (71.01 kg), followed by medium farms (68.54 kg), and the minimum yield was in small farm lots (62.65 kg).
The majority of mushroom farmers were found in the small category. Age was found to be an important socio-economic factor that affects the decision-making ability of an individual. The study in the Solan block justified that the maximum profit was earned by large growers.
Effectiveness of State and Non-state Land Resource Management Institutions in the Mungo Landscape of Cameroon
Authors: Mbeng John Ayuk-Nchong , Kimengsi Jude Ndzifon , Ebot Eyong Ayuk Ako
Published: June 2024

Institutions play pivotal roles in the governance of land, especially in the realm of conflict management around resource sites. This validates the continuous interest to uncover the relative roles of state and non-state institutions in resource management in sub-Saharan Africa, including Cameroon. In several ecological zones of Cameroon, studies that explore the role of state and non-state institutions in land resource management are lacking – the Mungo Landscape is a classic example. The aim of this study was to explore local awareness and effectiveness of state and non-state institutions in the management of land resource use and conflicts, and to analyze factors shaping compliance with state and non-state land resource management institutions. This paper adopts a random sampling approach to obtain data from 310 households in the Mungo Landscape, targeting Njombe-Penja, Mbanga and Loum communities. The data was complemented by 20 key informant interviews of land resource users. The data obtained was analyzed using quantitative methods (Chi-Square) and qualitative analysis (content and Thematic Analysis). The study reveals that only 5%, 4% and 6% reported respectively high levels of awareness on land tenure laws, mining laws and laws on Environmental protection and Management respectively in the Mungo corridor. The perceptional evaluations showed no significant difference in the effectiveness of state institutions and customary institutions in land resource use in the Mungo Corridor of Cameroon (X2 = 0.833, p = 0.361). The study concludes that state institutions are more effective in shaping land resource management than non-state ones. Based on this, the study suggests the need for the joint engagement of state and non-state institutions in land resource use in the Mungo Corridor of Cameroon. Further studies should be conducted to detail quantify the effectiveness of both the state institutions and customary institutions in land resource use in the Mungo Corridor of Cameroon. Also, the factors promoting compliance with state and non-state resource management institutions should be further researched and quantified.
Protective Effects of Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels (Combretaceae) on Aluminium Chloride-Induced Reproductive Toxicity and Oxidative Stress in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Jignoua Yannick Sani , Beboy Sara Nathalie Edjenguele , Pechangou Sylvain Nsangou , Tchana Angele Nkouatchoua , Moundipa Paul Fewou
Published: June 2024

Aims: Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels, also known as “Mbonga”, is a medicinal plant used by the “Baka” Pygmies of Cameroon for the management of male infertility. Many studies have demonstrated its anti-inflammatory, antiulcerative, antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. No scientific evidence to date has been provided on this treatment. Aluminium chloride is an endocrine disruptor that can induce male infertility through various mechanisms. The present study was designed to assess the protective effect of the bark-aqueous extract of Terminalia superba against aluminium chloride-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. 
Study Design:  Experimental design.
Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, between November 2021 and October 2022.
Methodology: Thirty-five Wistar albino rats were divided into groups of 5 animals each including untreated group. After induction of reprotoxicity by an intraperitoneal administration of aluminum chloride (20 mg/kg, body weight) for 56 days, 20 rats were subsequently orally treated for 56 days with the bark-aqueous extract at doses of 43 and 86 mg/kg as well as a co-administration of vitamin E (100 mg/kg) and zinc (50 mg/kg). The first group served as the normal control group and the last groups received only the extract (43 and 86 mg/kg).  On the last day, sexual behaviour tests were performed, then rats were killed the next day. Assessment of biochemical markers of oxidative stress, histopathological studies and sperm analysis were performed.
Results: Aluminium chloride induced significant decreases (P <0.05) in sperm quality, sexual performance of the male rats, catalase activity and glutathione levels. The aqueous extract of Terminalia superba reversed the toxic effects of aluminium chloride by improving the sexual behaviour of male rats and increasing the level of reduced glutathione as well as the catalase activity in their testis and epididymis.
Conclusion: Terminalia superba has an enhancing effect against aluminium chloride-induced toxicity in male rats, and could therefore be an alternative to solve reprotoxicity problems.
Post-Market Surveillance of Medical Devices Using AI
Authors: Khinvasara Tushar , Tzenios Nikolaos , Shankar Abhishek
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in post-market surveillance (PMS) for monitoring the safety and performance of medical products. This article explores the role of AI in optimizing PMS practices, focusing on its applications in signal detection, risk assessment, and regulatory compliance. By harnessing machine learning algorithms and big data analytics, AI facilitates the automated analysis of real-world evidence, including patient outcomes data, adverse event reports, and electronic health records. Through pattern recognition and anomaly detection, AI algorithms enable the early identification of potential safety issues and facilitate timely interventions to mitigate risks. Moreover, AI-driven PMS systems enhance regulatory oversight by providing regulators with comprehensive and actionable insights into product safety profiles and emerging trends. However, concerns regarding data privacy, algorithm bias, and interpretability underscore the need for transparent and ethically responsible AI deployment in PMS frameworks.
The Future of Farming with Advances in Biological Control Techniques for Crop Health
Authors: Akanand  , Krishnamoorthi A. , Patel Pavan K. , Kumar Sonal , Khambhu Chirag V , Sapna  , Kumar Vijay , Selvam Hariharan
Published: June 2024

The future of farming holds great promise with the advancement of biological control techniques aimed at enhancing crop health and sustainability. Biological control involves harnessing natural enemies of pests, such as predators, parasitoids, and pathogens, to manage pest populations in agricultural ecosystems. This approach contrasts with conventional pesticide use, offering more environmentally friendly and sustainable solutions to pest management challenges. In recent years, biological control has seen significant technological advancements that promise to revolutionize crop protection practices. One such innovation is the development and application of microbial biopesticides, which utilize naturally occurring microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and viruses to suppress pests and diseases. These biopesticides are often specific to target pests, minimizing harm to beneficial organisms and reducing chemical residues in crops and the environment. Moreover, the integration of precision agriculture technologies and data analytics has enhanced the efficacy and deployment of biological control strategies. Farmers can now monitor pest populations in real time, making informed decisions on when and where to apply biological agents. This precision not only optimizes pest control efforts but also minimizes input costs and environmental impact. Looking ahead, the future of farming with biological control techniques lies in further refining these methods through ongoing research and innovation. Advances in genetic technologies, such as CRISPR-based gene editing, offer the potential to engineer crops with inherent resistance to pests and diseases, reducing reliance on external control measures altogether. Furthermore, the promotion of ecological approaches like habitat manipulation and conservation biological control will enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services within agricultural landscapes, fostering resilient farming systems capable of adapting to future challenges posed by climate change and evolving pest pressures.
Analysis of natural convection in a nanofluid‐filled triangular enclosure induced by cold and hot sources on the walls using stabilised MLPG method
Authors: Arefmanesh Ali , Nikfar Mehdi
Published: January 2013

A stabilised meshless local Petrov–Galerkin (MLPG) method with unity as the test function is extended to simulate the buoyancy‐driven fluid flow and heat transfer in a right‐angled, triangular enclosure filled with a nanofluid composed of a mixture of Al2O3 spherical nanoparticles in water. A cold source with a constant temperature Tc and a hot source with a constant temperature Th are placed along the left and bottom walls of the cavity, respectively, with a differential temperature difference between Tc and Th so that Th > Tc. The simulations performed in this study are based on the stream function–vorticity formulation. The moving least‐squares interpolations of the field variables are employed in these MLPG numerical calculations. A streamline upwind technique is employed to obtain stable solutions for high Rayleigh numbers. A parametric study is performed, and the effects of the Rayleigh number, the locations of the cold and hot sources on the respective cavity walls, and the volume fraction of the nanoparticles on the fluid flow and heat transfer inside the cavity are investigated. The results show that the average Nusselt number is generally an increasing function of the volume fraction of the nanoparticles. Moreover, it is concluded from the results that the locations of the cold and hot sources on the respective cavity walls have a significant effect on the flow and temperature fields inside the enclosure. In general, the maximum average Nusselt number occurs when the centres of the cold and hot sources are at Ys = 0.167 and Xs = 0.167, respectively, while the average Nusselt number is minimum for Ys = 0.833 and Xs = 0.833.