bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conformationally Controlled Electron Delocalization in n‐Type Rods: Synthesis, Structure, and Optical, Electrochemical, and Spectroelectrochemical Properties of Dicyanocyclophanes
Authors: Vonlanthen David , Rudnev Alexander , Mishchenko Artem , Käslin Alexander , Rotzler Jürgen , Neuburger Markus , Wandlowski Thomas , Mayor Marcel
Published: May 2011

A series of dicyanobiphenylcyclophanes 1–6 with various π‐backbone conformations and characteristic n‐type semiconductor properties is presented. Their synthesis, optical, structural, electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and packing properties are investigated. The X‐ray crystal structures of all n‐type rods allow the systematic correlation of structural features with physical properties. In addition, the results are supported by quantum mechanical calculations based on density functional theory. A two‐step reduction process is observed for all n‐type rods, in which the first step is reversible. The potential gap between the reduction processes depends linearly on the cos2 value of the torsion angle φ between the π‐systems. Similarly, optical absorption spectroscopy shows that the vertical excitation energy of the conjugation band correlates with the cos2 value of the torsion angle φ. These correlations demonstrate that the fixed intramolecular torsion angle φ is the dominant factor determining the extent of electron delocalization in these model compounds, and that the angle φ measured in the solid‐state structure is a good proxy for the molecular conformation in solution. Spectroelectrochemical investigations demonstrate that conformational rigidity is maintained even in the radical anion form. In particular, the absorption bands corresponding to the SOMO–LUMO+i transitions are shifted bathochromically, whereas the absorption bands corresponding to the HOMO–SOMO transition are shifted hypsochromically with increasing torsion angle φ.
Rationalization and In Vitro Modeling of the Chemical Mechanisms of the Enzymatic Oxidation of Phenolic Compounds in Planta: From Flavonols and Stilbenoids to Lignins
Authors: Cottyn Betty , Kollmann Albert , Waffo‐Teguo Pierre , Ducrot Paul‐Henri
Published: May 2011

Enzymatic oxidation of phenolic compounds is a widespread phenomenon in plants. It is responsible for the formation of many oligomers and polymers, which are generally described as the result of a combinatorial coupling of the different radicals formed through oxidation of the phenol group and delocalization of the radical. We focused our interest on several phenolic compounds that are present in plants and known to form, under enzymatic oxidation, oligomers with different type of linkages between monomers. To explain this diversity of inter‐monomer linkages and their variation according to the experimental procedure used for the enzymatic oxidation, we report an alternative mechanistic pathway involving dismutation of the radicals, leading to the formation of carbocations which, thereafter, react with nucleophilic species present in the medium. This alternative pathway allows the understanding of peculiar linkages between monomeric units in the oligomer and offers new insights for understanding the formation of phenolic biopolymers in plants.
Fast and High‐Resolution Stereochemical Analysis by Nonuniform Sampling and Covariance Processing of Anisotropic Natural Abundance 2D 2H NMR Datasets
Authors: Lafon Olivier , Hu Bingwen , Amoureux Jean‐Paul , Lesot Philippe
Published: May 2011

Natural abundance deuterium (NAD) 2D NMR spectroscopy using chiral or achiral liquid crystals is an efficient analytical tool for the stereochemical analysis of enantio‐ or diastereomers by the virtue of proton‐to‐deuterium substitution. In particular, it allows the measurement of enantiopurity of organic synthetic molecules or the determination of the natural isotopic 1H/2H fractionation in biological molecules, such as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). So far, the NAD 2D spectra of solutes were acquired by using uniform sampling (US) and processed by conventional 2D Fourier transform (FT), which could result in long measurement times for medium‐sized analytes or low solute concentrations. Herein, we demonstrate that this conventional approach can be advantageously replaced by nonuniform sampling (NUS) processed by covariance (Cov) transform. This original spectral reconstruction provides a significant enhancement of spectral resolution, as well as a reduction of measurement times. The application of Cov to NUS data has required the introduction of a regularization procedure in the time domain for the indirect dimension. The analytical potential of combining Cov and NUS is demonstrated by measuring the enantiomeric excess of a scalemic mixture of 2‐ethyloxirane and by determining the diastereomeric excess of methyl vernoleate, a natural FAME. These two organic compounds were aligned in a polypeptide (poly(γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate)) mesophase. In the case of NAD 2D NMR spectroscopy, we show that Cov and NUS methods allow a decrease in measurement time by a factor of two compared with Cov applied to US data and a factor of four compared with FT applied to US data.
Tunable Morphology of 2D Honeycomb‐Patterned Films and the Hydrophobicity of a Ferrocenyl‐Based Oligomer
Authors: Dong Renhao , Ma Hongmin , Yan Junlin , Fang Yu , Hao Jingcheng
Published: May 2011

Honeycomb‐patterned polymer films with tunable pore size and regularity of ordered two‐ or three‐dimensional hexagonal arrays have met with widespread interest in recent years in different areas, for instance as separation and superhydrophobic materials. Herein, 2D honeycomb‐patterned films of amphiphilic ferrocenyl‐based oligomer with cholesterol as side chains were prepared by the breath‐figure method on solid surfaces and their surface‐wetting behavior were tested. These films can be simply prepared by spreading a mixture of polymer and organic solvents on a solid surface under moist airflow and at an air/water interface without any extra moist airflow. An ordered 2D hexagonal array of pores with monodisperse size distribution can be obtained over a large area by changing various influencing factors, including humidity, wet volume, concentration, selective solvent, and spreading method, which provides a facile route to regulate the morphology of patterned porous films. The surface‐wetting behavior indicates that a higher hydrophobicity of the ferrocenyl‐based oligomer honeycomb films can be obtained by modulating the pore size and regularity. It is expected that this could promote the potential application of ordered porous polymer films in hydrophobic materials and biochemistry.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Spin Cobalt(II) Ions in Square Planar Coordination: Structures and Magnetism of the Oxysulfides Sr2CoO2Cu2S2 and Ba2CoO2Cu2S2 and Their Solid Solution.
Authors: Smura Catherine F. , Parker Dinah R. , Zbiri Mohamed , Johnson Mark R. , Gal Zoltan A. , Clarke Simon J.
Published: May 2011

The series (Sr1‐xBax) 2CoO2Cu2S2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) is characterized by powder X‐ray and neutron diffraction, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and DFT computations.
ChemInform Abstract: Tuning the Light Absorption of a Molecular Vanadium Oxide System for Enhanced Photooxidation Performance.
Authors: Forster Johannes , Roesner Benedikt , Khusniyarov Marat M. , Streb Carsten
Published: May 2011

The photoactive pentanuclear cluster (III) forms in situ by a thermally induced condensation reaction of (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Process of Formation of the Aurivillius Phase Bi3NbTiO9 and Its Substitutes.
Authors: Missyul Alexander B. , Kuzmova Tatiana G. , Zvereva Irina
Published: May 2011

Two series of magnetically substituted Aurivillius phases which could potentially show both ferroelectricity and magnetic ordering, Bi3NbTi1‐xMnxO9 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1) and Bi2LnNbTiO9 (Ln: Nd—Ho), are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of Bi2O3, TiO2, Nb2O5, MnO2, and Ln2O3 (800—1100 °C, 3—5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: {Mn14W48} Aggregate: The Perspective of Isopolyanions as Ligands.
Authors: Fang Xikui , Luban Marshall
Published: May 2011

The dark red compound (III) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P$\bar 1$ with Z = 1 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Assembly of Two Layered Cobalt—Molybdenum Phosphates: Changing Interlayer Distances by Tuning the Lengths of Amine Ligands.
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Nan , Zhou Bai‐Bin , Sha Jing‐Quan , Su Zhan‐Hua , Cui Ji‐Wen
Published: May 2011

The structures of (IV) and (V) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: The Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Benzoylpyridine: Preparation and Crystal Structure of Chiral Heterocyclic Schiff Base Ligands.
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Mei , Zhang Hong‐Li , Liu Peng
Published: May 2011

Two new, optically active heterocyclic Schiff bases (I) are synthesized and successfully applied as ligands in the Ir‐catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of 4‐benzoylpyridine.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Organocatalytic Synthesis of Quaternary α‐Amino Acids Bearing a CF3 Moiety.
Authors: Husmann Ralph , Sugiono Erli , Mersmann Stefanie , Raabe Gerhard , Rueping Magnus , Bolm Carsten
Published: May 2011

The phosphoric acid effectively promotes the enantioselective addition of indoles to imine of type (I) yielding quaternary amino acids esters like (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Trifluoromethylphosphines: A New Stereoselective Synthesis of Josiphos‐Type Ligands Containing Two Stereogenic Phosphorus Atoms.
Authors: Buergler Jonas F. , Togni Antonio
Published: May 2011

The novel ferrocenyl diphosphine ligand (Ib) is found to be one of the most efficient chiral ligands for asymmetric Rh‐catalyzed hydrogenations known to date in terms of enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Iodoalkoxylation of Allenes.
Authors: Heuer‐Jungemann Amelie , McLaren Ross G. , Hadfield Maximillian S. , Lee Ai‐Lan
Published: May 2011

The reaction proceeds regio‐ and stereoselectively and a variety of iodo‐tert‐allylic ethers is prepared in high yields from primary alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed C—H Functionalization for Direct Mannich Reactions.
Authors: Rueping Magnus , Tolstoluzhsky Nikita
Published: May 2011

An efficient method for direct addition of 2‐ and 4‐alkyl azaarenes to aldimines is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: α,β‐Divinyl Tetrahydropyrroles as Chiral Chain Diene Ligands in Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugated Additions.
Authors: Li Qian , Dong Zhe , Yu Zhi‐Xiang
Published: May 2011

The divinyl tetrahydropyrrole is a highly efficient ligand in the asymmetric conjugated addition of various arylboronic acids to cyclic α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Aldol Reaction Organocatalyzed by (S)‐Proline‐Containing Dipeptides: Improved Stereoinduction under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Hernandez Jose G. , Juaristi Eusebio
Published: May 2011

Similar reactions in solution proceed with lower diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Tunable Stereoselective Alkene Synthesis by Treatment of Activated Imines with Nonstabilized Phosphonium Ylides.
Authors: Dong De‐Jun , Li Yuan , Wang Jie‐Qi , Tian Shi‐Kai
Published: May 2011

The reaction of N‐mesylimines with phosphonium ylides (II) leads to (Z)‐alkenes, whereas the analogous reaction of o‐toluenesulfonyl‐substituted imines gives rise to (E)‐isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amides from Esters and Amines with Liberation of H2 under Neutral Conditions.
Authors: Gnanaprakasam Boopathy , Milstein David
Published: May 2011

The acyl and the alkoxo part of a symmetrical ester forms with secondary or primary amines two amide molecules in the presence of the dearomatized ruthenium—pincer catalyst RUT.
ChemInform Abstract: Halogen—Deuterium Exchange Reaction Mediated by Tributyltin Hydride Using THF‐d8 as the Deuterium Source.
Authors: Mutsumi Tomonobu , Iwata Hiroki , Maruhashi Kazuo , Monguchi Yasunari , Sajiki Hironao
Published: May 2011

The title reaction of a wide variety of heteroaromatic and aromatic bromides or iodides is performed with V‐65 as radical initiator and proceeds with complete regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Highly Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of (1E)‐ or (1Z)‐1,2‐Dihalo‐1,4‐dienes via Haloallylation of Alkynyl Halides.
Authors: Chen Xiaoyi , Kong Wei , Cai Haiting , Kong Lichun , Zhu Gangguo
Published: May 2011

The palladium‐catalyzed haloallylation of alkynes (I) in dichloromethane leads stereoselectively to (E)‐dihalodienes (III), whereas (Z)‐isomers (IV) are readily obtained by the same reaction in acetic acid in the presence of lithium halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Free Sonogashira Coupling of Cyclopropyl Iodides with Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: de Carne‐Carnavalet Benoit , Archambeau Alexis , Meyer Christophe , Cossy Janine , Folleas Benoit , Brayer Jean‐Louis , Demoute Jean‐Pierre
Published: May 2011

The reaction proceeds with complete retention of configuration and is applied to aromatic and aliphatic terminal alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Chiral Spirocyclic Borate Ligand as a Catalyst for the Enantioselective Nozaki—Hiyama—Kishi Allylation of Arylaldehydes.
Authors: Huang Xin‐Ren , Chen Chinpiao
Published: May 2011

The title reaction affords excellent conversion and good enantioselectivity values.
ChemInform Abstract: Supported Task‐Specific Ionic Liquid Catalyst for Highly Efficient and Recyclable Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohols.
Authors: Liu Lin , Ma Juanjuan , Sun Zhen , Zhang Jianping , Huang Jingjing , Li Shanzhong , Tong Zhiwei
Published: May 2011

A novel system is prepared by impregnating ionic liquid immobilized TEMPO and copper salt onto silica. This system successfully catalyzes aerobic oxidation of most benzylic or allylic alcohols in n‐octane to the corresponding aldehydes under O2 atmosphere.
ChemInform Abstract: Switching Regioselectivity in Crossed Acyloin Condensations Between Aromatic Aldehydes and Acetaldehyde by Altering N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts.
Authors: Jin Ming Yu , Kim Sun Min , Han Hogyu , Ryu Do Hyun , Yang Jung Woon
Published: May 2011

The choice of the catalyst is crucial for the preparation of either regioisomers (III) or (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Conjugate Allylation of Unsaturated Methylidene Ketones.
Authors: Brozek Laura A. , Sieber Joshua D. , Morken James P.
Published: May 2011

The reaction tolerates aromatic and aliphatic substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential One‐Pot Reactions of Thioformates with Lithium Silylacetylides, Arylmagnesium Halides, and Electrophiles Leading to Formation of Propargyl Sulfides.
Authors: Murai Toshiaki , Ohashi Takayuki , Shibahara Fumitoshi
Published: May 2011

One‐pot reactions of thioformates with lithium silylacetylides, arylmagnesium halides, and electrophiles are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Regioselective [2 + 2 + 2] Cyclotrimerization of Trifluoromethyl Group Substituted Internal Alkynes.
Authors: Kawatsura Motoi , Yamamoto Mitsuaki , Namioka Junya , Kajita Koji , Hirakawa Takuya , Itoh Toshiyuki
Published: May 2011

It is found that Ru3(CO)12 in combination with the phosphine efficiently promotes the reaction of various alkynes of type (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Nickel‐Catalyzed Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Couplings of Aryl Carbamates and Sulfamates Utilizing Microwave Heating.
Authors: Baghbanzadeh Mostafa , Pilger Christian , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: May 2011

It allows an efficient access to a wide range of biaryls.
ChemInform Abstract: C—H Arylation of Unactivated Arenes with Aryl Halides Catalyzed by Cobalt Porphyrin.
Authors: To Ching Tat , Chan Tek Long , Li Bao Zhu , Hui Ying Ying , Kwok TSZ Yiu , Lam Suet Yu , Chan Kin Shing
Published: May 2011

The title reaction proceeds with different aryl iodides and bromides and benzene or electron‐rich arenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Cadmium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling of an Aldehyde, Alkyne, and Amine via C—H Activation under Microwave Conditions.
Authors: Raghuvanshi Dushyant Singh , Singh Krishna Nand
Published: May 2011

Notable features of the title process are clean and simple reaction conditions and tolerance of various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Reaction of Propargylic Alcohol, Sulfonamide, and N‐Iodosuccinimide: Synthesis of N‐(2‐Iodoinden‐1‐yl)arenesulfonamide.
Authors: Zhu Yuanxun , Yin Guangwei , Hong Deng , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang
Published: May 2011

It provides a new and efficient approach to title indenes like (III) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Imino‐3‐aminobenzofurans via Multicomponent Reactions from TosMIC.
Authors: Garcia‐Gonzalez Ma. Carmen , Gonzalez‐Zamora Eduardo , Santillan Rosa , Farfan Norberto
Published: May 2011

A simple three‐component reaction results in formation of the title compounds (IV) in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Highly Functionalized Novel β‐Lactam Grafted Spiropyrrolidines and Pyrrolizidines.
Authors: Arumugam Natarajan , Periyasami Govindasami , Raghunathan Raghavachary , Kamalraj Subban , Muthumary Johnpaul
Published: May 2011

A facile synthesis of novel β‐lactam substituted spiropyrrolidines and ‐pyrrolizidines is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Mediated One‐Pot Formal Nitrocyclization onto Unactivated Alkenes.
Authors: Taniguchi Tsuyoshi , Fujii Tatsuya , Ishibashi Hiroyuki
Published: May 2011

Chloronitration of ω‐alkenylamine or alcohol derivatives and subsequent halogen elimination, followed by intramolecular nitro‐Michael addition under basic conditions provides access to heterocyclic compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Niobium(V) Pentachloride‐Catalyzed Efficient and Highly Rapid Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Kidwai Mazaahir , Bura Nisha , Mishra Neeraj Kumar
Published: May 2011

NbCl5 is found to be an extremely efficient catalyst for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes (III) via electrophilic reaction of indole with various aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Route to Polysubstituted Indoles via Three‐Component Reaction of 2‐Ethynylaniline, Sulfonyl Azide, and Nitroolefin.
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Zheng Danqing , Wu Jie
Published: May 2011

A wide range of the target compounds is prepared from substituted N‐protected 2‐ethynylanilines, aromatic nitroalkenes and tosylazide.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of Fused Indoles by Gold‐Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization of Diynes.
Authors: Hirano Kimio , Inaba Yusuke , Takahashi Naoya , Shimano Masanao , Oishi Shinya , Fujii Nobutaka , Ohno Hiroaki
Published: May 2011

A new method to prepare diverse fused indoles as well as naphthofuran derivatives is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Spiro Compounds Containing a Carbamate Group
Authors: Velikorodov A. V. , Poddubnyi O. Yu. , Kuanchalieva A. K. , Krivosheev O. O.
Published: May 2011

via condensation of chalcone (I) with hydrazine hydrate or cycloaddition reactions of (I) with diazomethane and nitrile oxide generated from oxime (V)
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Syntheses of Novel Benzo‐1,3‐dioxolo‐, Benzothiazolo‐, Pyrido‐, and Quinolino‐Fused 5H‐Benzo[d]pyrazolo[5,1‐b][1,3]‐oxazines and 1H‐Pyrazoles.
Authors: Avila Belem , Solano Danielle M. , Haddadin Makhluf J. , Kurth Mark J.
Published: May 2011

The title compounds are of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Double Isocyanide Cyclization: A Synthetic Strategy for Two‐Carbon‐Tethered Pyrrole/Oxazoles Pairs.
Authors: Li Yifei , Xu Xianxiu , Tan Jing , Xia Chunyu , Zhang Dawei , Liu Qun
Published: May 2011

Divinyl ketones (I) and two equivalents of isocyanoacetate (II) undergo a domino process involving a [5 + 1] annulation reaction, ring‐opening, and subsequent double isocyanide cyclization in a regio‐ and diastereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: A Copper(I) Isonitrile Complex as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Azide—Alkyne Cycloaddition in Water.
Authors: Liu Meina , Reiser Oliver
Published: May 2011

The complex generated from CuCl and 2,4‐dimethoxyphenyl isonitrile is highly efficient for the azide—alkyne cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of 6‐Methyl‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c]pyran‐3,4‐dione.
Authors: Hikem‐Oukacha Djamila , Rachedi Yahia , Hamdi Maamar , Silva Artur M. S.
Published: May 2011

Key synthon 3‐bromoacetylpyranone (II) is obtained via a simple and reproducible way.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Green Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[α]‐xanthen‐11‐one Using PEG‐400 as Efficient and Recyclable Reaction Media.
Authors: Shitole Nana V. , Sapkal S. B. , Shingate Bapurao B. , Shingare Murlidhar S.
Published: May 2011

Title compounds (IV) (10 examples) are obtained by a one‐pot three‐component reaction using PEG‐400 as solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 1,3‐Dihalopropan‐2‐ones with Sodium Quinoline‐8‐thiolate.
Authors: Shagun L. G. , Tokareva I. A. , Dorofeev I. A. , Voronkov M. G.
Published: May 2011

Mechanically activated reaction of the title thiolate (I) with 1,3‐diodopropanone (V) gives the new macroheterocycle (VI), whilst similar reactions of (I) with 1,3‐dichloropropanone yields S‐alkylation products.
ChemInform Abstract: A Copper‐Mediated Cyclization Reaction of Hydrazine with Enediynones Providing Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyridines.
Authors: Wu Hung‐Chou , Hwang Long‐Chih , Wu Ming‐Jung
Published: May 2011

2,7‐Disubstituted pyrazolopyridines (II) and (IV) are synthesized in moderate to good yields by a cascade cyclization reaction of enediynones (I) and (III) with hydrazine, promoted by copper chloride.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (2S)‐Isopropyl‐5‐alkynylpyrimidin‐2‐ones: Precursors of β‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Stefani Helio A. , Amaral Monica F. Z. J. , Juaristi Eusebio
Published: May 2011

An efficient synthesis is developed using the Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling of 5‐iodopyrimidinones (I) with alkynyl trifluoroborates.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Amidation of 2‐Chloropyrimidines.
Authors: Vimolratana Marc , Simard Jillian L. , Brown Sean P.
Published: May 2011

Mild and efficient reaction conditions are developed for the synthesis of diverse 2‐(N‐acylamino)pyrimidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Double C—H Activation: The Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct C‐Arylation of Xanthines with Arenes.
Authors: Malakar Chandi C. , Schmidt Dietmar , Conrad Juergen , Beifuss Uwe
Published: May 2011

A novel direct approach to biologically important C‐8 arylated xanthines is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Synthesis of Phenylethynyl[1,2,4]methyltriazines.
Authors: Olson Jeremy P. , Carroll F. Ivy
Published: May 2011

The title compounds (III) are known as high‐affinity mGluR5 antagonists.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of a Library of Lactam‐Fused β‐Carbolines via the Ugi Reaction.
Authors: Hutait Samiran , Nayak Maloy , Penta Ashok , Batra Sanjay
Published: May 2011

38 examples as core units of alkaloids and pharmaceutical agents
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Novel One‐Pot Synthesis of Antifungal Active 1‐Substituted‐8‐aryl‐3‐alkyl/aryl‐4H‐pyrazolo[4,5‐f][1,2,4]triazolo [4,3‐b][1,2,4]triazepines Using Solid Support.
Authors: Gupta Monika , Paul Satya , Gupta Rajive
Published: May 2011

A simple, efficient and environmentally friendly procedure for the synthesis of title compounds (III) (10 examples) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti‐Plasmodial Activity of 8β,13β‐Dihydroxypodocarpane Derivatives.
Authors: Young Ryan M. , Popplewell Wendy L. , Caira Mino R. , van Zyl Robyn L. , Davies‐Coleman Michael T.
Published: May 2011

A variety of 8β,13β‐dihydroxypodocarpane derivatives (V) (8 examples) are synthesized starting from naturally occurring diterpene (+)‐manod.
ChemInform Abstract: Chloropupukeanolides C—E: Cytotoxic Pupukeanane Chlorides with a Spiroketal Skeleton from Pestalotiopsis fici.
Authors: Liu Ling , Bruhn Torsten , Guo Liangdong , Goetz Daniel C. G. , Brun Reto , Stich August , Che Yongsheng , Bringmann Gerhard
Published: May 2011

The compounds show significant cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines and weak activity against the pathogens of tropical diseases.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1‐C‐Alkyl‐L‐arabinoiminofuranoses, a Novel Class of α‐Glucosidase Inhibitors.
Authors: Natori Yoshihiro , Imahori Tatsushi , Murakami Keiichi , Yoshimura Yuichi , Nakagawa Shinpei , Kato Atsushi , Adachi Isao , Takahata Hiroki
Published: May 2011

The syntheses of arabinoiminofuranoses (X) are performed via asymmetric allylic alkylation [(I)→(III)], ring closing metathesis [(III)→(IV)], and Negishi cross coupling [(V)→(VII)] as the key reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Constituents from Torricellia tiliifolia Stem Barks.
Authors: Huang Ji‐Guang , Zhou Li‐Juan , Xu Han‐Hong
Published: May 2011

isolation and structure elucidation of torrilliolide (I) and torricelline (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New C5‐(1‐Substituted‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4 or 5‐yl)‐2′‐deoxyuridines and Their Antiviral Evaluation.
Authors: Montagu Aurelien , Roy Vincent , Balzarini Jan , Snoeck Robert , Andrei Graciela , Agrofoglio Luigi A.
Published: May 2011

The synthesis and antiviral evaluation of a series of C5‐(1,4‐ and 1,5‐disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazolo)‐nucleoside derivatives are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Butenolides via hetero‐Allylic Alkylation and Ring Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Mao Bin , Geurts Koen , Fananas‐Mastral Martin , van Zijl Anthoni W. , Fletcher Stephen P. , Minnaard Adriaan J. , Feringa Ben L.
Published: May 2011

The reaction sequence is applied to prepare the (‐)‐whiskey and (‐)‐cognac lactone [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergolides A—D from a Mangrove Endophyte Reveal an Unparalleled Plasticity in ansa‐Macrolide Biosynthesis.
Authors: Ding Ling , Maier Armin , Fiebig Heinz‐Herbert , Goerls Helmar , Lin Wen‐Han , Peschel Gundela , Hertweck Christian
Published: May 2011

The structures of the title compounds point to a common biosynthetic precursor.
ChemInform Abstract: Homoatomic and Intermetalloid Tetrel Clusters ‐ Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity
Authors: Scharfe Sandra , Faessler Thomas F.
Published: May 2011

Review: 133 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Compartmental Schiff‐Base Ligands — A Rich Library of Tectons in Designing Magnetic and Luminescent Materials
Authors: Andruh Marius
Published: May 2011

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Organometallic Compounds
Authors: Abbott Julia K. C. , Dougan Brenda A. , Xue Zi‐Ling
Published: May 2011

Review: 157 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Early Transition and Rare Earth Metal Complexes with N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes
Authors: Schaper Lars‐Arne , Tosh Evangeline , Herrmann Wolfgang A.
Published: May 2011

Review: 101 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhenium‐ and Manganese‐Catalyzed Carbon—Carbon Bond Formation Using 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds and Alkynes
Authors: Kuninobu Yoichiro , Kawata Atsushi , Yudha Salprima S. , Takata Hisatsugu , Nishi Mitsumi , Takai Kazuhiko
Published: May 2011

Review: 17 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Amine, Alcohol and Phosphine Catalysts for Acyl Transfer Reactions
Authors: Spivey Alan C. , Arseniyadis Stellios
Published: May 2011

Review: 239 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bronsted Base Catalysts
Authors: Ting Amai , Goss Jennifer M. , McDougal Nolan T. , Schaus Scott E.
Published: May 2011

Review: 133 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Development of Zwitterionic Second Order Nonlinear Optical Organic Materials
Authors: Bhuiyan M. Delower H. , Kay Andrew J.
Published: May 2011

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyaniline Nanostructures and the Role of Aniline Oligomers in Their Formation
Authors: Stejskal Jaroslav , Sapurina Irina , Trchova Miroslava
Published: May 2011

Review: 593 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: De Novo Design of α,β‐Didehydrophenylalanine‐Containing Peptides: From Models to Applications
Authors: Gupta Madhvi , Chauhan Virander S.
Published: May 2011

Review: 138 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Application of Selenium and Tellurium Compounds as Glutathione Peroxidase Enzyme Mimetics
Authors: Alberto Eduardo E. , do Nascimento Vanessa , Braga Antonio L.
Published: May 2011

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Current Trends in Finite‐Time Thermodynamics
Authors: Andresen Bjarne
Published: May 2011

Review: ca. 200 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Genus Plectranthus in India and Its Chemistry
Authors: Waldia Shobha , Joshi Bipin C. , Pathak Uma , Joshi Mukesh C.
Published: May 2011

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Emerging Synthetic Approaches for Protein—Polymer Conjugations
Authors: Broyer Rebecca M. , Grover Gregory N. , Maynard Heather D.
Published: May 2011

Review: 108 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Vitalizing Porous Inorganic Silica Networks with Organic Functions — PMOs and Related Hybrid Materials
Authors: Hoffmann Frank , Froeba Michael
Published: May 2011

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Optical Chemical Sensors Based on Hybrid Organic—Inorganic Sol—Gel Nanoreactors
Authors: Tran‐Thi Thu‐Hoa , Dagnelie Romain , Crunaire Sabine , Nicole Lionel
Published: May 2011

Review: 62 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: How Should Aromaticity Be Described in Porphyrinoids?
Authors: Broering Martin
Published: May 2011

Review: 26 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity and Selectivity of Heterogenized Homogeneous Catalysts: Insights from Molecular Simulations
Authors: Malek Kourosh , Van Santen Rutger A.
Published: May 2011

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Rational Development of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer‐Based Sensors for Protein Detection
Authors: Whitcombe Michael J. , Chianella Iva , Larcombe Lee , Piletsky Sergey A. , Noble James , Porter Robert , Horgan Adrian
Published: May 2011

Review: 277 refs.
Structural Investigation of the Naphthyridone Scaffold: Identification of a 1,6‐Naphthyridone Derivative with Potent and Selective Anti‐HIV Activity
Authors: Tabarrini Oriana , Massari Serena , Sancineto Luca , Daelemans Dirk , Sabatini Stefano , Manfroni Giuseppe , Cecchetti Violetta , Pannecouque Christophe
Published: May 2011

Building upon a large, previously reported series of anti‐HIV 6‐desfluoroquinolones endowed with a peculiar mechanism of action, the inhibition of Tat‐mediated transcription, replacement of the quinolone nucleus with a naphthyridone core was shown to be very productive. In this work, the naphthyridone scaffold was investigated in depth by synthesizing various analogues. This led to the identification of NM13 as the most selective derivative obtained in MT‐4 cells. It is the result of the successful combination of the 1,6‐naphthyridone nucleus and the C7 benzothiazolpiperazine group, which, for the first time, not only grants potent anti‐HIV activity but displays very high selectivity. Further studies aimed at a more thorough investigation of the anti‐HIV profile of this new derivative are in progress.
Removal of Organic Compounds from Water by Using a Gold Nanoparticle–Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Nanocomposite Foam
Authors: Gupta Ritu , Kulkarni Giridhar U.
Published: May 2011

A low density, highly compressible, porous foam of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) incorporated with Au nanoparticles (10–50 nm) has been synthesized by using a single‐step process with water as a medium. It exhibits high swelling ability (≈600 %) against benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX)—a property that has been exploited in the removal of oil spills from water. It is resistant to harsh chemical environments. It is also effective against odorous sulfur containing contaminants such as thioanisole. It works repeatedly and efficiently over many cycles. The regeneration of the foam is rather simple: heating in air to 300 °C for short time brings back its original activity. The fascinating properties of Au nanoparticles could be mingled with those of PDMS to provide a sustainable and practical solution for water treatment. It is also demonstrated to work effectively for deodorizing garlic extract with a promise as a food packaging material.
Low‐power, low‐noise, active‐RC band‐pass filters using a ‘lossy’ LP–BP transformation
Authors: Jurisic Drazen , Mijat Neven , Moschytz George S.
Published: May 2011

A new and straightforward design procedure for simple canonical topologies of allpole, active‐RC, low‐selectivity band‐pass (BP) filters, with low sensitivity to component tolerances is presented. The procedure is primarily intended for discrete‐component, low‐power filter applications using just one amplifier for relatively high‐order filters. The design procedure starts out with an ‘optimized’ low‐pass (LP) prototype filter, yielding an ‘optimized’ BP filter, whereby the wealth of ‘optimized’ single‐amplifier LP filter designs can be exploited. Using a so‐called ‘lossy’ LP–BP transformation, closed‐form design equations for the design of second‐ to eighth‐order, single‐amplifier BP filters are presented. The low sensitivity, low power consumption, and low noise features of the resulting circuits, as well as the influence of the finite gain‐bandwidth product and component spread, are demonstrated for the case of a fourth‐order filter example. The optimized single‐opamp fourth‐order filter is compared with other designs, such as the cascade of optimized Biquads. Using PSpice with a TL081 opamp model, the filter performance is simulated and the results compared and verified with measurements of a discrete‐component breadboard filter using 1% resistors, 1% capacitors, and a TL081 opamp. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polychromatic flow cytometry identifies novel subsets of circulating cells with angiogenic potential in pediatric solid tumors
Authors: Pradhan Kamnesh R. , Mund Julie A. , Johnson Cynthia , Vik Terry A. , Ingram David A. , Case Jamie
Published: May 2011

Background:

Pediatric solid tumors depend upon angiogenesis for their growth and metastases. A new polychromatic flow cytometry (PFC) protocol has revealed circulating cells of hematopoietic and endothelial lineages from the peripheral blood (PB) of healthy individuals, and has defined the different cell types involved in the growth of tumor vasculature that are critical in angiogenesis.

Methods:

PB was collected from both healthy children and children with different malignant solid tumors and the mononuclear cells (MNCs) were subsequently isolated. PFC was applied and the MNCs were evaluated for proangiogenic and nonangiogenic circulating progenitor cells (CPCs), endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs), and mature endothelial cells using the markers CD45, CD31, AC133, CD34, CD14, CD235a, CD41a, and a viability marker.

Results:

ECFCs and CPCs were significantly elevated in patients at day 21 compared to controls. The ratio of proangiogenic to nonangiogenic CPCs was significantly elevated compared to controls at baseline and returned to healthy baseline levels following treatment.

Conclusions:

We describe the successful identification of these hematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells in both healthy children and children with solid tumors. In addition, this is a potential discovery of novel predictive biomarkers for future clinical trials. © 2011 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Potential pitfalls for false suspicion of papillary thyroid carcinoma: A Cytohistologic Review of 22 Cases
Authors: Jing Xin , Michael Claire W.
Published: May 2011

To evaluate the diagnostic pitfalls attributing to false suspicious interpretation of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), we performed a retrospective cytohistologic review of thyroid nodules diagnosed as suspicious for papillary carcinoma with histology‐proven false suspicion of PTC. A total of 22 thyroid fine needle aspirates along with the corresponding surgical specimens were reviewed. The presence and/or absence of PTC‐associated morphologic features and their mimics were evaluated. One aspirate showed papillary‐like fragments with honeycomb architecture. One aspirate contained rare syncytial‐type fragments which were accompanied by honeycomb sheets of follicular cells and moderate amount of colloid. Intranuclear grooves presented occasionally in virtually all 22 aspirates. The grooves were noted mainly within round nuclei and appeared thin and/or incomplete. Rare intranuclear pseudoinclusions were detected in one otherwise benign‐appearing aspirates. Eight aspirates contained various numbers of histiocytes, as well as atypical polygonal, epithelioid, elongate, or spindle cells in which intranuclear grooves were occasionally seen. Conspicuous fragments of fibrocollagenous tissue with entrapped follicular cells were detected in one aspirate. The corresponding histological specimen revealed counterpart of the cytological findings described. Other features associated with PTC were inconspicuous. The findings demonstrated that the following factors may contribute to the false suspicion of PTC: (1) misinterpretation of papillary‐like tissue fragments with honeycomb arrangement and fragments offibrocollagenous tissue with entrapped follicular cells; (2) overinterpretation of suboptimal intranuclear grooves and rare intranuclear pseudoinclusion in the absence of the other features of PTC; (3) misinterpretation of the polygonal, epithelioid, elongate, or spindle cells that actually represented atypical cyst lining cells. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012;40:E74–E79. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cytohistological study of clear cell carcinoma of kidney with special reference to nuclear grading and tumor size
Authors: Mondal Santosh Kumar
Published: May 2011

Several prognostic indicators have shown to predict patients' survival in clear cell carcinoma of kidney. Among these, Fuhrman nuclear grading and tumor size are believed to be two important prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) to classify the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) according to nuclear grade and tumor size. A total of 24 patients (15 males, 9 females) suffering from CRCC were included in this study over a period of 5 years (January, 2005 to December, 2009). A preoperative cytologic diagnosis was made by computed tomography guided FNAC and histologic correlation was made after surgery. Cytologic diagnoses were nuclear grade 1 or G1 (four cases), nuclear grade 2 or G2 (11 cases), nuclear grade 3 or G3 (six cases) and nuclear grade 4 or G4 (three cases). Radical nephrectomies were done during surgery and most of the specimens were from right side (18/24). Upper pole was commonly involved by the tumor (19/24). Low nuclear grade lesions (G1 and G2) were commonly seen with tumor size up to 5 cm and high nuclear grade lesions (G3 and G4) were common when tumor was >5 cm in size. After cytohistologic correlation, diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was found to be 87.5% in this study. FNAC has high diagnostic accuracy in CRCC and highly dependable procedure to classify these tumors according to its nuclear grade. Both the nuclear grading and tumor size can be used to predict the clinical outcome in these patients. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Site‐Selective Chemical Reaction on Flexible Polymer Films for Tin Oxide Nanosheet Patterning
Authors: Masuda Yoshitake , Ohji Tatsuki , Kato Kazumi
Published: May 2011

Site‐selective tin oxide deposition from aqueous solution was performed on super‐hydrophilic surfaces. The chemical reaction and nucleation accelerated on hydroxy groups to form tin oxide nanosheets. Consequently, two‐dimensional patterns of tin oxide nanosheets were fabricated on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films coated with indium tin oxide (ITO). Tin oxide sheets grew to 100–300 nm in‐plane size and 5–10 nm thickness. Hydrophobic areas of the films suppressed formation of tin oxide structures. The site‐selective chemical reaction can be applied to allow precise control of chemical reactions, surface coating, and two‐dimensional patterning of tin oxide nanostructures for future devices.
Adsorption of Glucose Oxidase to 3‐D Scaffolds of Carbon Nanotubes: Analytical Applications
Authors: Nejadnik M. Reza , Deepak Francis L. , Garcia Carlos D.
Published: May 2011

This study is the first to focus on the potential use of carbon nanotube (CNT) scaffolds as enzyme immobilization substrates for analytical purposes. Besides all the well‐known advantages of CNT, three‐dimensional scaffolds can significantly increase the amount of enzymes adsorbed per unit area, preserve the catalytic activity of the adsorbed molecules, and allow effective exposure to substrates present in the adjacent medium. Additionally, our results indicate that the sensitivity of analytical probes based on enzyme‐loaded CNT scaffolds is proportional to the thickness of the scaffold providing 3‐fold sensitivity improvements with respect to the control surfaces.
Loss of heterozygosity proximal to the M6P/IGF2R locus is predictive for the presence of disseminated tumor cells in the bone marrow of ovarian cancer patients before and after chemotherapy
Authors: Kuhlmann Jan Dominik , Schwarzenbach Heidi , Otterbach Friedrich , Heubner Martin , Wimberger Pauline , Worm Karl‐Heinz , Kimmig Rainer , Kasimir‐Bauer Sabine
Published: May 2011

Disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow (BM) are present in about 35% of ovarian cancers before surgery and after chemotherapy and are associated with worse prognosis. A molecular biomarker in the primary tumor predicting tumor cell spread would be highly desirable. The purpose of the study was to investigate loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in primary ovarian tumors at four ovarian cancer‐relevant chromosomal loci involved in apoptosis, platinum sensitivity, or DNA‐repair, to assess the prognostic value of LOH and to correlate LOH with DTC occurrence before surgery and after chemotherapy. Primary tumor DNA of 88 patients was analyzed for LOH at four polymorphic microsatellite markers using PCR‐based fluorescence microsatellite analysis. BM aspirates were analyzed for DTC by immunocytochemistry using the pan‐cytokeratin antibody A45‐B/B3. LOH at the entire marker set correlated with tumor grading (P = 0.0001) and histology (P = 0.004). LOH at marker D10S1765 correlated with FIGO stage (P = 0.046) and grading (P = 0.05), whereas LOH at D17S855 significantly associated with grading (P = 0.023) and histology (P = 0.012), respectively. DTC were detected in 49% of patients before surgery and in 50% of patients after chemotherapy. Interestingly, LOH proximal to D6S1581 significantly correlated with DTC presence before surgery (P = 0.05) and after chemotherapy (P = 0.022). Conclusively, our data suggest that allelic loss at D6S1581 (proximal to M6P/IGF2R locus) serves as a molecular biomarker for the presence of DTC in the BM before and after chemotherapy. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug treatments on cognitive decline vary by phase of pre‐clinical Alzheimer disease: findings from the randomized controlled Alzheimer's Disease Anti‐inflammatory Prevention Trial
Authors: Leoutsakos Jeannie‐Marie S. , Muthen Bengt O. , Breitner John C.S. , Lyketsos Constantine G.
Published: May 2011

Objective

We examined the effects of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs on cognitive decline as a function of phase of pre‐clinical Alzheimer disease.

Methods

Given recent findings that cognitive decline accelerates as clinical diagnosis is approached, we used rate of decline as a proxy for phase of pre‐clinical Alzheimer disease. We fit growth mixture models of Modified Mini‐Mental State (3MS) Examination trajectories with data from 2388 participants in the Alzheimer's Disease Anti‐inflammatory Prevention Trial and included class‐specific effects of naproxen and celecoxib.

Results

We identified three classes: “no decline”, “slow decline”, and “fast decline”, and examined the effects of celecoxib and naproxen on linear slope and rate of change by class. Inclusion of quadratic terms improved fit of the model (−2 log likelihood difference: 369.23;p < 0.001) but resulted in reversal of effects over time. Over 4 years, participants in the slow‐decline class on placebo typically lost 6.6 3MS points, whereas those on naproxen lost 3.1 points (p‐value for difference: 0.19). Participants in the fast‐decline class on placebo typically lost 11.2 points, but those on celecoxib first declined and then gained points (p‐value for difference from placebo: 0.04), whereas those on naproxen showed a typical decline of 24.9 points (p‐value for difference from placebo: <0.0001).

Conclusions

Our results appeared statistically robust but provided some unexpected contrasts in effects of different treatments at different times. Naproxen may attenuate cognitive decline in slow decliners while accelerating decline in fast decliners. Celecoxib appeared to have similar effects at first but then attenuated change in fast decliners. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integration between a percutaneous implant and the porcine small bowel
Authors: Johansson Martin L. , Thomsen Peter , Hultén Leif , Halvorsen Per Steinar , Fosse Erik , Edwin Bjørn
Published: May 2011

Inflammatory bowel diseases, cancer or trauma may require removal of all or part of the intestines, leaving the patient with a need to wear external stoma appliances for collection of bowel contents. By connecting the small bowel to a percutaneous port, equipped with a sealing lid, a fully continent and leak proof stoma can be created without a need for permanently wearing stoma appliance. The prerequisites for a connection between a permanent, transabdominal implant and a visceral organ are largely unexplored. Stoma ports made of titanium were implanted in the abdominal wall of domestic pigs and a branch of distal ileum was inserted through the ports. After being followed for 1–3 weeks, the ports were removed and subjected to histological evaluation to study the influence of their shape, structure, and position on the tissue response. Particular focus was attended to the attachment of the ileal serosal surface to the implants inner structure consisting of a titanium mesh. Macroscopic examination revealed fistulas and formation of abscesses in 4 of 11 the retrieved implants. Histological examination revealed regenerated and well‐vascularized collagenous tissue around the mesh structure inside the implant. The integration was complete or partial for 10 of 11 ports. Despite various degrees of inflammation and tissue ingrowth, it was demonstrated for the first time that the serosal surface of ileum was firmly attached to the internal structure of the implant. These experiments provide a basis for optimization of the implant and surgical procedure before long‐term functional animal experiments. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Abdominal sensory equipment involved in external host discrimination in a solitary parasitoid wasp
Authors: Goubault MarlÈne , Cortesero Anne Marie , Paty Chrystelle , Fourrier Julie , Dourlot Sonia , Ralec Anne Le
Published: May 2011

Already parasitized hosts are often of poorer quality than healthy hosts. It is therefore usually advantageous for parasitoid females to recognize and reject them. Parasitized hosts can be identified on the basis of various physical or chemical marks present on the surface or inside the hosts or their surroundings in the case of concealed host. Here we studied host discrimination behaviors of females of a certain population of Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae, a solitary ectoparasitoid, which are known to reject large‐sized parasitized hosts after an abdominal examination of their surface. We first investigated females' recognition behaviors of host parasitism status when confronted to small‐sized hosts (Drosophila melanogaster pupae) as host size may influence the use of different cues for host selection. We showed that, in such a situation, females also discriminate parasitized hosts after an external host exploration with the tip of their ovipositor sheath (third valvulae). We then described the sense organs present on the different parts of the ovipositor by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis. As the extremity of the third valvulae bears only one type of sensilla that appears to be chemoreceptors, we considered these sensilla as highly likely to be involved in host discrimination in P. vindemmiae. To our knowledge, this is the first time that receptors located on the ovipositor sheath are described as implicated in host discrimination in parasitoid wasps. We discuss potential chemical markers that might be detected by these receptors. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.